bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Strategy development and cross-linguistic transfer in foreign and first language writing
Authors: Forbes Karen , Fisher Linda 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
In an increasingly multilingual world, empirical knowledge about the reciprocal influence between the mother tongue (L1) and a learner’s acquisition of foreign languages (FL) is crucial yet remains surprisingly scarce. This paper examines how an explicit focus on metacognitive strategy use within a FL (German) classroom impacts students’ development of writing strategies in the FL, and whether any such effects transfer to another FL (French) and/or to the L1 (English). Based on a quasi-experimental design, the study involved a two-phase intervention of strategy-based instruction primarily in the FL classroom and later also in the English classroom in a secondary school in England. Data were collected using writing strategy task sheets. Key findings indicate high levels of cross-linguistic transfer, both from one FL context to another and from FL – L1, evidenced especially by an improvement in the quality of students’ planning and a reduction in the number of errors. Findings support the development of a multilingual, strategy-based pedagogy for writing where L1 and FL teachers collaborate to encourage and facilitate connection-making across language contexts.
Picard Group and Fundamental Group of the Moduli of Higgs Bundles on Curves
Authors: Chakraborty Sujoy , Paul Arjun 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Let X be an irreducible smooth projective curve of genus g ≥ 2 over ℂ. Let MG, Higgs
δbe a connected reductive affine algebraic group over ℂ. Let Higgs be the moduli space of semistable principal G-Higgs bundles on X of topological type δ∈π1(G). In this article,we compute the fundamental group and Picard group of
Call-by-need effects via coeffects
Authors: McDermott Dylan , Mycroft Alan 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Effect systems refine types with information about the behaviour of programs. They have been used for many purposes, such as optimizing programs, determining resource usage, and finding bugs. So far, however, work on effect systems has largely concentrated on call-by-value languages. We consider the problem of designing an effect system for a lazy language. This is more challenging because it depends on the ability to locate the first use of each variable. Coeffect systems, which track contextual requirements of programs, provide a method of doing this. We describe how to track variable usage in a coeffect system that can be instantiated for different reduction strategies, including call-by-need. We then add effects to the result, allowing work that has been done on effect systems for call-by-value languages to be applied to lazy languages.
Fermat curves and a refinement of the reciprocity law on cyclotomic units
Authors: Kashio Tomokazu 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
We define a “period-ring-valued beta function” and give a reciprocity law on its special values.
The proof is based on some results of Rohrlich and Coleman concerning Fermat curves.
We also have the following application.
Stark’s conjecture implies that the exponentials of the derivatives at

s
=
0

s=0

of partial zeta functions are algebraic numbers which satisfy a reciprocity law
under certain conditions.
It follows from Euler’s formulas and properties of cyclotomic units when the base field is the rational number field.
In this paper, we provide an alternative proof of a weaker result by using the reciprocity law on the period-ring-valued beta function.
In other words, the reciprocity law given in this paper is a refinement of the reciprocity law on cyclotomic units.
Mobilizing International Law in the Palestinian Struggle for Justice
Authors: Bisharat George , Handmaker Jeff , Karmi Ghada , Tartir Alaa 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Those involved in mobilizing international law to achieve justice for the Palestinians have invoked numerous legal and governance institutions, at both international and national levels. For various reasons, international law has understandably been regarded with a high level of skepticism by many Palestinians, particularly from legitimacy and effectiveness standpoints. However, law has also ignited the Palestinian civic imagination and has led to bold and creative initiatives, including efforts to hold both states and (corporate) non-state actors accountable through legal and other means, and even to construct alternative models for nation building. This introduction to a Special Issue of the Global Jurist on ‘International Law and the State of Israel’ emerges from an international conference that took place at Cork City Hall and at the campus of University College Cork in Ireland in March 2017. Our message for producing this Special Issue and indeed for our colleagues who organized the conference in the first place was simple: while we cannot afford to neglect law in envisioning alternative futures in Israel/Palestine (including statehood), justice always remains a guide.
Influence of atmospheric pressure plasma treatments on the surface properties of ligno-cellulosic substrates
Authors: Lekobou William P. , Englund Karl R. , Laborie Marie-Pierre , Pedrow Patrick D. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
The paper aims at the investigation of atmospheric pressure weakly ionized plasmas with argon and acetylene to deposit plasma-polymerized coatings on wood veneers (birch, maple), cellulose paper, and pine wood flour to modify their surface properties, in particular their topography and wettability. The treatment was performed in a reactor containing an array of high-voltage needles and a grounded metallic mesh as electrodes. The deposition occurred in the discharge downstream of the plasma region. The plasma-polymerized acetylene deposits form spherical nodules on the surface of the substrates and change their wettability from hydrophilic to hydrophobic. The water contact angles of the veneer were determined with a goniometer. The capillary rise was combined with the Washburn equation to assess the change in hydrophilicity of the plasma-treated wood flour.
Modulation of dynamin function by small molecules
Authors: Eschenburg Susanne , Reubold Thomas F. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractDynamins are essential as membrane remodelers in various cellular processes, like receptor-mediated endocytosis, synaptic vesicle recycling and spermatogenesis. Moreover, dynamin is involved in the internalization of numerous viruses and in the motility of several cancer cell lines. As tools for dissecting the underlying mechanisms of these important biological processes and as potential future therapeutics, small molecules have been developed in the last two decades that modulate the functions of dynamin. In this review we give an overview of the compound classes that are currently in use and describe how they affect dynamin function.
Is there an association between thyrotropin levels within the normal range and birth growth parameters in full-term newborns?
Authors: Nazeri Pantea , Shariat Mamak , Mehrabi Yadollah , Mirmiran Parvin , Azizi Fereidoun 
Published: August 2018

Abstract

Background
It has been suggested that thyroid hormone concentration at birth may have some role in regulating foetal growth. The aim of this study was to provide seminal data regarding any association between thyrotropin (TSH) concentration within the normal range and growth parameters at birth in full-term newborns.

Methods
In this cross-sectional study conducted in Tehran, Iran, 314 mother-newborn pairs were randomly selected from health care centres responsible for congenital hypothyroidism screening. Neonatal TSH concentration was measured using a heel-prick blood sample taken from all neonates 3–5 days after birth, as part of the routine neonate screening. Anthropometrics, including birth weight, length and head circumference were obtained from the birth record of each neonate. The z-score values for weight-for-age, weight-for-length, length-for-age and head-for-age were calculated using the World Health Organisation growth standards.

Results
The median interquartile range neonatal TSH values were 0.9 mIU/L (0.4–1.7 mIU/L). Neonates in the top tertile of TSH values had higher birth weights and weight-for-age z-scores than those in the bottom tertile (p<0.05). In addition, neonatal TSH was associated with weight-for-age z-scores in unadjusted (β=0.113, p=0.020) and adjusted (β=0.122, p=0.013) analysis. However, in both unadjusted and adjusted analysis, no association was observed between TSH concentrations of neonates and weight-for-length, length-for-age and head-for-age z-scores.

Conclusions
Our findings indicate a positive association between the normal range of neonatal screening TSH concentration and birth weight; however, this association was not observed for other anthropometric parameters at birth.
The Qur’ān as History for Muslims and Christians in al-Andalus
Authors: Christys Ann 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
This paper explores the vocabulary of the Qur’ān in texts composed in Latin and Arabic by Christians in al-Andalus in the period up to the end of the ninth century. The main focus of the paper is a comparison between the Arabic translation of Orosius’ Seven books of history against the pagans and the History attributed to Ibn Ḥabīb (d. 853). Both are works of universal history showing the hand of God at work in the history of humankind. The Qur’ān was crucially important for Ibn Ḥabīb in conveying this message. Did this translate into Christian universal history in Arabic?
Zoroastrians, Islam and the Holy Qur’ān. Purity and Danger in Pahlavi Literature in the Early Islamic Period (Seventh–Tenth Centuries)
Authors: Campopiano Michele 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
This paper will reflect on how Pahlavi texts after the Islamic conquest conceptualize conflicts between Islamic norms and Zoroastrian rules, in particular those concerning purity. The paper will therefore be concerned with the representation of Islam and Islamic practices within the Mazdean community. For this reason, the issue of the reception of the Holy Qur’ān within Pahlavi literature will also need to be addressed. The paper will formulate some hypotheses on what goals the Mazdean intellectual elites (in this case, essentially their clergy) tried to achieve through their representation of Islam. It will also discuss how this representation connected with the economic and social transformation that this community underwent with the end of the Sasanian Empire, in particular with the changes in landholding that had been among the main sources of wealth and power for the Sasanian aristocracy.
“Deleytaste del dulce sono y no pensaste en las palabras”. Rendering Arabic in theAntialcoranes
Authors: Szpiech Ryan , Starczewska Katarzyna , Mercedes García-Arenal Rodríguez  
Published: August 2018

AbstractThis essay studies the translations of the Qur’ān into Romance languages in anti-Islamic treatises written by Christians in the Iberian Peninsula in the sixteenth century. It compares three such works (here calledAntialcoranesor ‘anti-Qur’āns’) that contain citations of the Qur’ān in Arabic, either in Arabic script or in transliteration, or both. These include theConfusión o confutación de la secta Mahomética y del Alcorán(1515) of Juan Andrés, theLumbre de fe contra la secta mahometana y el alcorán(1521) by Martín de Figuerola and theConfutación del alcorán y secta mahometana(1555) by Lope de Obregón. It also considers glosses found in the Latin Qur’ān made at the behest of the Italian cardinal Egidio (Giles) da Viterbo (1518). We argue that these works merit detailed study, along with more studied Latin translations, as part of a history of the translation of the Qur’ān in the early modern period.
Faith and Knowledge: Remarks Inspired by Søren Kierkegaard’s Philosophical Fragments
Authors: Huggler Jørgen 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
In this article, I present some reflections on the relationship between faith and knowledge in some of Kierkegaard’s works, primarily the Philosophical Fragments from 1844. I ask, what the project of Climacus consists in, and proceed to show that his opposition between faith and knowledge includes a number of decisions that are neither trivial nor particularly stable. By doing so, I want to present my own doubts as to whether the opposition between faith (by Climacus connected to history, becoming and paradox) and knowledge (connected to intellectual understanding, logic, timelessness and necessity) itself is reasonable. Based on the analysis, I argue that the texts authored by Climacus presuppose a substantial acquaintance with Christian thought and doctrine. This is only indirectly acknowledged by Climacus, and perhaps incompatible with his “thought-project.” Further, I discuss whether his denial of intellectual understanding of traditional Christian thought as a path to faith gives license to irrationalistic views.
Die Ausnahme bei Christian Garve und Søren Kierkegaard
Authors: Ackermann Sabine 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Although people have established rules to secure their life and values, they seem to search—and to have searched, time and again, in the past—for exceptions to those rules, and this for different purposes. The article compares two concepts of exception, suggested by Kierkegaard in Fear and Trembling and by Garve in his Treatise on the Connection between Moral and Politics, respectively. A systematic-critical analysis shows certain intersections between their specific ways of handling the proposed exception. Garve’s concept of exception requires an original status naturalis between countries to increase happiness, and this is claimed by an established sovereign ruling with trust in God for his people. By contrast, the exception of Kierkegaard’s teleological suspension of the ethical turns out, precisely by being based on an individual’s relationship with God, to be incommensurable with purportedly universal social, ethical and political standards. This notwithstanding, both conceptions build on the notion of a human existence, which is subject to and ultimately dependent upon no one except the immortal God.
Communication of Existence: Søren Kierkegaard and Gabriel Marcel
Authors: Disse Jörg 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
The article compares Kierkegaard’s and Marcel’s comprehension of existence and communication of existence. With reference to the notion of existence, both authors (independently from each other) develop the idea of a second reflection that includes a theory of communication. But whereas Kierkegaard conceives communication strictly within a first person perspective, Marcel establishes a kind of second person perspective. For this reason and despite a strong common basis in their views, different aspects of communication of existence are put forward by them.
Pseudonymous Voices Talking Back: Kierkegaard’s Plural Perspectives and a Wittgensteinian Point of View
Authors: Kaasgaard Stine Zink 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
The question of Kierkegaard’s use of pseudonyms is an old one. This article does not aim to add any suggestions as to what may or may not have been the idea behind writing pseudonymously, or what kind of strategy it supposedly fulfilled. It aims, rather, at considering what it would mean to let the pseudonyms speak. The question then becomes: can we maintain the plurality of different perspectives, pronounced by all these voices, and still be able to maintain meaning? It is in lieu of this problem that some of Wittgenstein’s late notions of seeing and seeing aspects are introduced as a possible manner of retaining meaning, without insisting on meaning as such.
Functional analysis method for the M/G/1 queueing model with single working vacation
Authors: Kasim Ehmet , Gupur Geni 
Published: August 2018

AbstractIn this paper, we study the asymptotic property of underlying operator corresponding to the M/G/1 queueing model with single working vacation, where both service times in a regular busy period and in a working vacation period are function. We obtain that all points on the imaginary axis except zero belong to the resolvent set of the operator and zero is an eigenvalue of both the operator and its adjoint operator with geometric multiplicity one. Therefore, we deduce that the time-dependent solution of the queueing model strongly converges to its steady-state solution. We also study the asymptotic behavior of the time-dependent queueing system’s indices for the model.
Photovoltage Formation Across Si P-N Junction Exposed to Laser Radiation
Authors: Ašmontas Steponas , Gradauskas Jonas , Sužiedélis Algirdas , Šilénas Aldis , Širmulis Edmundas , Švedas Vitas , Vaičikauskas Viktoras , Vaičiūnas Vytautas , Žalys Ovidijus Ž , Kostylyov Vitaliy 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Photovoltage formation across Si p-n junction exposed to laser radiation is experimentally investigated. Illumination of the junction with 1.06 μm wavelength laser radiation leads to formation of classical photovoltage Uphdue to intense electronhole pair generation. When the photon energy is lower than the semiconductor forbidden energy gap, the photovoltage U is found to consist of two components, U = Uf+ Uph. The first Uf is a fast one having polarity of thermoelectromotive force of hot carriers. The second Uphis classical photovoltage with polarity opposite to Uf. It is found that Ufis linearly dependent on laser intensity. The classical photovoltage is established to decrease with the rise of radiation wavelength due to decrease in two-photon absorption coefficient with wavelength. Predominance of each separate component in the formation of the net photovoltage depends on both laser wavelength and intensity
The influence of Kanthal wire surface defects on the formation of Si nanolayer deposited by PVD method
Authors: Szczypiński Mieczysław , Reszka Kazimierz , Szczypiński Michał M. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
The subject of this research is the structure of a Si nanolayer deposited on a FeCrAl wire surface by means of magnetron sputtering method. Si layer was selected as one of possible protections of the wire surface against excessive corrosive-erosive wear. In order to increase the power necessary for the DC discharge of the magnetron with Si cathode, a second magnetron with an aluminum disc as a cathode was used. The wire was attached to a carousel holder to ensure its rotation around the magnetron. The thickness of the deposited layers was about 150 nm. A wire surface examination indicated the presence of defects such as gaps between grains, cavities as well as severely deformed grains of surface layer. The research was conducted on the sample sections which had been prepared by focused ion beam method (FIB). The technique of transmission microscopy, which was used for observation, allowed us to obtain images in bright field (BF), dark field (DF), as well as in high resolution (HREM). The studies were also performed on the wire surface after the cutting process of the expanded polystyrene blocks. A metallographic optical microscope Nikon MA200 with a large depth of field was used for the examination which showed the presence of carbon deposit products. Additionally, a composition microanalysis was carried out along the line within selected areas of samples, with the use of energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). A large impact of wire surface defects on Si layer forming was found as well as a high direct homogeneous growth. The examination of the sections indicated the existence of a mechanism of defects sealed by Si layer, where directionality of grains growth in these areas revealed the tendency for vertical location relative to defects surface. Consequently, closed nanopores, i.e. spaces not covered with Si layer, were created. It is a characteristic feature of areas with defects covered with an oxide film created in a natural way.
Crystal structure of methyl 2-methyl-4-(3-methoxyphenyl)-5-oxo-1,4,5,6,7,8-hexahydroquinoline-3-carboxylate, C19H21NO4
Authors: Ma Jun , Dai Weiwei , Feng Weiwei , Lin Tingting , Zhou Lijing , Qin Wei , Wang Xuyang 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
C19H21NO4, monoclinic, C2/c (no. 15), a = 17.349(5) Å, b = 7.354(2) Å, c = 25.757(7) Å, β = 97.637(5)°, V = 3257.1(16) Å3, Z = 8, R
gt(F) = 0.0444, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1141, T = 296(2) K.
Preparation and characterization of silica aerogel/polymethyl methacrylate composites with electrostatic interaction phase interface
Authors: Li Hongyan , Sun Cong , Li Ruyi , Fu Yongqiang , Song Limeng , Yang Aiwu , Liu Hongli 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Silica aerogel (SA)/polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) composites were prepared through electrostatic interaction, which could form phase interface. The effects of electrostatic interaction phase interface on the performance of the composites were studied. The SA/polymer hybrid composites were prepared because of the negative charges in SA and the positive charges in polymer. Characterizations of the SA, polymer, and composites were performed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmittance, gel permeation chromatography, differential scanning calorimetry, zeta potential, and so on. The results indicated that SA has negative charges, whereas the polymer has positive charges; thus, the polymer was absorbed on the surface of the SA skeleton to form an electrostatic interaction phase interface. The composites achieved better transmittance than that of SA/PMMA with the electrostatic interaction phase interface.
Memantine for the treatment of ischemic stroke: experimental benefits and clinical lack of studies
Authors: Seyedsaadat Seyed Mohammad , F. Kallmes David 
Published: August 2018

AbstractStroke is an important cause of mortality and disability worldwide. Immediately after stroke onset, the ischemic cascade initiates and deleteriously affects neural cells. Time to reperfusion therapy is a critical determinant of functional recovery in stroke patients. Although recent trials have shown the significant efficacy of endovascular thrombectomy, either alone or with intravenous tissue plasminogen activator, in improving the functional outcomes of stroke patients with large vessel occlusion, hours can pass before patients receive reperfusion therapy. Moreover, many patients do not meet the eligibility criteria to receive reperfusion treatments. Therefore, an adjunct and alternative agent that can protect ischemic neuronal tissue during the hyperacute phase until reperfusion therapy can be administered may prevent further brain damage and enhance functional recovery. Memantine is a US Food and Drug Administration approved drug for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. Memantine blocks overstimulated N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors and prevents neurotoxicity caused by massive glutamate release. Preclinical studies show that memantine decreases infarction volume and improves neurologic outcomes. However, few clinical studies have evaluated the safety and efficacy of memantine in stroke patients. This review article summarizes the current evidence for the role of memantine in the treatment of ischemic stroke and highlights areas for future research.