bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multimodal imaging of mixed epithelial and stromal tumor of the kidney: Case series
Authors: Wang Ning , Zhang Li , Wang Shuo , Chang Xiang-Yang , Zhao Bao-Gen , Wang Yong 
Published: November 2024

Background:
To investigate the clinical features, imaging manifestations, and pathological characteristics of mixed epithelial stromal tumor of the kidney (MESTK) to improve the understanding of MESTK and the accuracy of preoperative imaging diagnosis.

Methods:
The clinical, imaging, and pathological data of 3 patients with MESTK confirmed by postoperative pathology were retrospectively analyzed.

Results:
Three patients with MESTK were middle-aged women with no obvious clinical symptoms. The main image representation showed a multilocular cystic or solid-cystic mass, with the larger masses protruding from the kidney contour, with multiple separations, which could be of unequal thickness. The cystic component showed no enhancement on enhancement scans, whereas the segregations and solid components showed gradual and obvious enhancement. Microscopic pathology was characterized by the biphasic differentiation of mesenchymal and epithelial components.

Conclusion:
MESTK is a rare, mostly benign tumor that appears as a multilocular cystic or cystic solid, with progressive marked enhancement of the septal and solid components on enhanced scans. This imaging feature is helpful for the diagnosis of MESTK.
Talus osteoid osteoma misdiagnosed as ankle synovitis: A case report in rehabilitation therapy
Authors: Xu Jincheng , Zhang Yan , Yang Shuming 
Published: November 2024

Rationale:
Osteoid osteoma, accounting for approximately 10% of benign bone tumors, is predominantly found in long bones and rarely in the foot bones, such as the talus. Its nonspecific symptoms, such as nocturnal pain and swelling, often lead to misdiagnosis, especially when it mimics conditions like ankle synovitis.

Patient concerns:
A 27-year-old male presented with persistent pain and swelling in his left ankle following an injury at the gym. Initial treatments, including arthroscopic debridement, failed to resolve his symptoms.

Diagnoses:
Comprehensive evaluation using magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography scans, coupled with input from a multidisciplinary team of specialists, confirmed the diagnosis of ankle osteoid osteoma.

Interventions:
Following the confirmation of the diagnosis, the patient underwent surgical interventions, including peripheral nerve transfer, joint debridement, resection of calcaneal and talus lesions, and tendon release. These procedures were designed to address the underlying tumor and restore joint function.

Outcomes:
After surgical intervention, the patient experienced substantial relief from pain and significant improvement in functional recovery. Postoperative rehabilitation further facilitated the restoration of mobility and strength, with no recurrence of symptoms observed during follow-up.

Lessons:
This case highlights the diagnostic complexity of ankle osteoid osteoma and underscores the importance of a multidisciplinary approach. Rehabilitation therapists play a crucial role in managing such conditions, ensuring optimal patient outcomes through functional assessment and progress monitoring. Timely and accurate diagnosis is essential for effective treatment and improved patient quality of life.
Auditory mismatch negativity is larger during exhalation than inhalation
Authors: Mizuhara Keita , Li Lingjun , Nittono Hiroshi 
Published: November 2024

Background:
Previous research has shown that internal signals from the body can modulate the processing of external stimuli. This study investigated whether respiratory phases influence auditory deviance detection by recording mismatch negativity (MMN) responses of event-related brain potentials.

Methods:
By reanalyzing the data from a previous study examining the effect of cardiac phases on MMN (Li et al, 2024), we calculated the amplitude of MMN elicited by intensity-deviant stimuli separately for inhalation and exhalation phases in the participants (N = 37).

Results:
Results showed that the MMN amplitude was significantly larger during exhalation than inhalation. One possible explanation for this amplitude difference is a greater focus on internal bodily processes during exhalation than inhalation.

Conclusion:
This study provides further evidence that respiratory phases influence the auditory processing of external events.
Fatal abdominal hemorrhage following surgery to remove a retroperitoneal MPNST associated with NF1: A case report
Authors: Pei Yu-Yang , Yang Tian-Tong , Zhang Hai-dong , Yu Tian-Shui 
Published: November 2024

Rationale:
Individuals diagnosed with neurofibromatosis type I (NF1) commonly present with neurofibromas, and a subset may progress to develop malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNST) during their lifetime. Diagnosing and treating MPNST, typically linked to NF1, poses challenges for clinicians due to its histopathological complexity.

Patient concerns:
A 25-year-old male presented with postprandial discomfort and vomiting, subsequently developing left mid-abdominal pain.

Diagnoses:
The patient was admitted to the hospital, where a low-density retroperitoneal mass was detected via computed tomography (CT). Histopathological examination revealed spindle-shaped tumor cells characterized by abundant cytoplasm and highly pigmented nuclei, demonstrating pathological nuclear division. The tumor cells exhibited partial cytoplasmic positive for S-100 and focal cytoplasmic positive for cytokeratin (CK) and desmin, as determined by immunohistochemical staining. Genetic analysis of blood and extracted tissues identified an NF1 missense mutation. Prior research corroborated the pathological diagnosis of MPNST exhibiting both epithelial and myogenic differentiation.

Interventions:
A retroperitoneal mass excision was conducted, revealing a mass located in the retroperitoneal omental sac.

Outcomes:
Approximately 5 hours after surgery, the patient’s blood pressure exhibited a gradual decline. An emergency laparotomy was conducted. Approximately 3000 mL of blood was identified in the upper abdominal cavity. The patient’s blood pressure consistently declined and ultimately resulted in death after 2 days.

Lessons:
It is crucial to assess the potential for heterogeneous differentiation in MPNST during pathological diagnosis. In the treatment of MPNST with heterogeneous differentiation, particularly in cases with significant tumor bulk, surgeons must anticipate potential hemorrhagic complications and adopt a cautious approach to surgical intervention.
Evaluating a specialized workshop on otorhinolaryngology emergencies for junior doctors: Empowering the next generation of healers
Authors: Giri Sandarva , Khan Sajjad Ahmed , Parajuli Surya Bahadur , Rauniyar Zenith , Rimal Anurag 
Published: November 2024

Otorhinolaryngology (ORL) emergencies, including airway obstructions, epistaxis, and foreign body removal, require prompt and specialized medical intervention. Junior doctors, particularly those in the early stages of their careers, often face challenges in managing these conditions due to limited exposure to ORL-specific training during their internships. While general medical education provides foundational skills, it may not sufficiently prepare junior doctors to handle the complexities of ORL emergencies. As junior doctors are often the first point of contact for urgent ORL cases in emergency departments, targeted training is critical to enhance their competence and improve patient outcomes.
This study assessed the effectiveness of a specialized workshop focused on ORL emergencies, attended by 41 junior doctors. The cohort had varying levels of clinical experience, with 31 having completed 6 months and 10 having completed 12 months of internship. Of the participants, 25 had prior exposure to ORL during their internship rotations, while 16 had not. The cohort had a mean age of 24.73 years (SD = ±1.30), with a gender distribution of 21 females and 20 males. None of the participants had previously attended formal training specifically focused on ORL emergencies. Knowledge improvement was measured using pre- and posttest scores, with statistical analysis to assess the significance of the change. The mean pretest score was 9.95 (SD = 2.97), and the mean posttest score was 12.78 (SD = 2.73). The improvement in scores was statistically significant (P < .0001), indicating that the workshop was effective in enhancing participants’ knowledge of ORL emergencies.
The workshop significantly improved junior doctors’ knowledge of ORL emergencies, addressing important gaps in their training. By providing specialized education to a diverse group of early-career doctors, the initiative enhanced their preparedness to manage urgent ORL conditions, ultimately contributing to better patient care and safety in emergency settings.
High-altitude retinopathy and retinal hemorrhage: A case report
Authors: Fu Rao , Liu Dachuan , Wang Yenan 
Published: November 2024

Rationale:
High-altitude retinopathy (HAR) is a retinal disorder caused by prolonged exposure to hypoxic environments at high altitudes, posing a significant threat to visual health and potentially leading to severe vision impairment. There have been limited references of HAR, with observations of its clinical manifestations and prognosis remaining insufficient. Some reports suggest that HAR may spontaneously resolve without eliciting any noticeable symptoms. This case focuses on the disease progression and follow-up results of a typical HAR patient, and a comprehensive ophthalmic examination was conducted, encompassing not only fundus examination and optic coherence tomography (OCT), but also fundus fluorescein angiography, Humphrey visual field examination, and electroretinogram.

Patient concerns:
A 41-year-old healthy Chinese man ascended from an altitude of 143 ft (43.5 m) to 13,780 ft (4200 m) rapidly. After living locally for 4 months, he developed decreased vision accompanied by visual field defects in his left eye.

Diagnoses:
Ophthalmic examination revealed bilateral papilledema, peripapillary hemorrhage in his left eye, and retinal hemorrhage in the macular area of optic papilla. He was diagnosed with HAR.

Interventions:
Peribulbar injection of triamcinolone acetonide in the left eye, along with oral ginkgo biloba tablets to improve microcirculation, as well as mecobalamin tablets and vitamin B1 tablets for neural nutrition.

Outcomes:
After 4 months, the patient’s visual field defect decreased, and retinal hemorrhage was absorbed.

Lessons:
This case comprehensively reveals the clinical features of HAR, and highlights that HAR can lead to permanent visual function impairment if the individual fails to promptly leave the pathogenic environment.
Language and cultural concordance to promote equity in organ transplantation for Hispanics with limited English proficiency
Authors: Vélez-Bermúdez Miriam , Myaskovsky Larissa 
Published: November 2024

Purpose of review
Hispanics with limited English proficiency (LEP) face unique challenges in accessing organ transplantation due to limited culturally concordant care and linguistically appropriate resources, leading to disparities in healthcare delivery and transplantation outcomes. This review examines how language barriers affect access to kidney and liver transplant, and highlights the importance of institutional support for quality interpretation services in promoting healthcare equity in transplantation.

Recent findings
Hispanics experience greater disease burden, but are less likely to receive a transplant compared to non-Hispanic Whites. LEP is a significant barrier to transplantation. Culturally and linguistically concordant interventions, such as the “Hispanic Kidney Transplant Program,” have demonstrated success in improving transplant-related outcomes among Hispanics. However, limited resources affect widespread implementation, and the broad lack of interpretation services in healthcare settings delay timely care in transplantation.

Summary
Despite some progress demonstrated by culturally and linguistically concordant clinical intervention trials, disparities in transplantation for Hispanics with LEP remain. Enhancing the availability of interpretation services, recruiting and hiring bilingual healthcare professionals, and training healthcare staff to effectively engage with language and interpretation resources are critical to improving health equity. Efforts must prioritize language access and cultural concordance to address the unique challenges faced by Hispanics with LEP.
Risk Prediction for ALS using Semi-competing Risks Models with Applications to the ALS Natural History Consortium Dataset
Authors: Arguedas Andres , Schneck David , Cui Erjia , Xenopoulos-Oddsson Annette , Arcila-Londono Ximena , Lunetta Christian , Wymer James , Olney Nicholas , Gwathmey Kelly , Ajroud-Driss Senda , Hayat Ghazala , Heiman-Patterson Terry , Cerri Federica , Fournier Christina , Glass Jonathan , Sherman Alex , Walk David , Fiecas Mark 
Published: November 2024

Background and objectivesImportant landmarks in progression of ALS can occur prior to death. Predictive models for the time these occur can assist in clinical trial design and personal patient planning. We propose a predictive model, using a semi-competing risks modeling approach, for five important disease progression landmarks in ALS.MethodsLongitudinal data on 1,508 participants from the ALS Natural History Consortium were used, including the ALSFRS-R score collected at different clinic visits and baseline patient characteristics. A semi-competing risks modeling approach was used to study the time to certain disease progression landmarks accounting for the possibility of death. Specifically, time to gastrostomy, use of NIV, continuous use of NIV, loss of speech, and loss of ambulation were chosen and modeled individually. To measure the predictive capabilities of the model, the integrated Brier score was computed for each model using cross-validation for the NHC data. Data from Emory University were used for external validation of the models.ResultsWe present model results using gastrostomy as the intermediate outcome. Similar trends in disease progression groups were found across all model pathways. The sub-scores for speech and swallow, and respiratory function, as well as diagnostic delay, were the most important covariates. Predictive metrics in both internal and external validation are presented across all models and for different pathways.ConclusionsSemi-competing risks modeling is a flexible approach to studying disease progression. Our data show that this modeling approach can be used to inform clinical trial modeling and people living with ALS.
PIEZO1 overexpression in hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia arteriovenous malformations
Authors: Park Hyojin , Lee Sungwoon , Furtado Jessica , Robinson Mark , Schwartz Martin , Young Lawrence , Eichmann Anne 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundHereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is an inherited vascular disorder characterized by arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). Loss-of-function mutations in Activin receptor-like kinase 1 (ALK1) cause type 2 HHT andAlk1knockout (KO) mice develop AVMs due to overactivation of VEGFR2/PI3K/AKT signaling pathways. However, the full spectrum of signaling alterations inAlk1mutants remains unknown and means to combat AVM formation in patients are yet to be developed.MethodsSingle-cell RNA sequencing of endothelial-specificAlk1KO mouse retinas and controls identified a cluster of endothelial cells (ECs) that was unique toAlk1mutants and that overexpressed fluid shear stress (FSS) signaling signatures including upregulation of the mechanosensitive ion channel PIEZO1. PIEZO1 overexpression was confirmed in human HHT lesions, and genetic and pharmacological PIEZO1 inhibition was tested inAlk1KO mice, as well as downstream PIEZO1 signaling.ResultsPharmacological PIEZO1 inhibition, and geneticPiezo1deletion inAlk1-deficient mice effectively mitigated AVM formation. Furthermore, we identified that elevated VEGFR2/AKT, ERK5-p62-KLF4, hypoxia and proliferation signaling were significantly reduced inAlk1-Piezo1double ECKO mice.ConclusionsPIEZO1 overexpression and signaling is integral to HHT2, and PIEZO1 blockade reduces AVM formation and alleviates cellular and molecular hallmarks of ALK1-deficient cells. This finding provides new insights into the mechanistic underpinnings of ALK1-related vascular diseases and identifies potential therapeutic targets to prevent AVMs.
How do businesses utilize change management for process optimization? A cross-analysis among industrial sectors
Authors: Monferdini Laura , Bottani Eleonora 
Published: November 2024

PurposeThis paper aims to present a systematic literature review of 176 studies relating to change management in the context of process optimization and to investigate how companies effectively use change management to optimize processes across different industrial sectors.Design/methodology/approachDescriptive statistics are used to represent patterns, trends and correlations between change management strategies, research methods applied for processes optimization and industry field. A comprehensive analysis of the papers’ keywords, crossed with research methods and industrial sectors, allowed us to substantiate the results in analytic terms. For some selected studies, chosen on the basis of their significance to the research field, the contents were mapped and discussed in detail.FindingsThis study provides numerous insights into the various applications of change management across different industry fields. In general, change management appears to be no longer a theoretical discipline, showing instead practical relevance, which is reflected in testing theories through case studies and real implementations. The review emphasizes the need for careful and systemic planning by companies, effective communication, employee involvement and supportive organizational culture. These factors are crucial for enhancing process efficiency and employee acceptance of change. Digital technologies also prove to be valuable support for change management during process optimization.Originality/valueThe innovative contribution of this paper consists of the joint perspective taken when looking at process optimization and the application of change management strategies. Such a perspective favors an in-depth examination of the interactions between the two aspects and provides more comprehensive results compared to the existing literature.
Balancing efficiency and fairness in an output-based agency relationship: an empirical investigation of the cognitive factors favouring a win–win situation
Authors: Ferrari Filippo 
Published: November 2024

PurposeThis research aims to investigate whether, in a principal–agent relationship, personal characteristics of the agent (seniority, locus of control (LOC), self-efficacy (SE), risk appetite (RA)) have an impact on their performance, on costs for the principal and on organizational justice (distributive justice (DJ) especially) in a sample of insurance brokers.Design/methodology/approachThe adopted structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis highlights the different role that personal characteristics play in affecting or moderating the agent’s performance. Moreover, the mediation analysis highlights the role played by gender and tenure in moderating the relationship between personal characteristics and work outcomes.FindingsThe findings of this study suggest that an agency relationship is not based only on rational choices made by the principal and agent in their own self-interest, but also by other idiosyncratic factors that influence the outcome of the relationship.Research limitations/implicationsIn order to better understand the agent’s behaviour, agency relationship investigation should consider other psychological variables in addition to the traditionally considered risk orientation, uncertainty and information asymmetry.Practical implicationsThis study gives specific insights into preventing undesired behaviours, e.g. organizational withdrawal, opportunism, high staff/employee turnover, as advocated by current literature.Originality/valueBy systemically investigating and analysing personal characteristics of the agent such as LOC, agent’s SE and RA, this study provides an original contribution to the knowledge on the determinants of costs and effectiveness in the agency relationship.
Personalizing videos to improve fundraising: evidence from reward-based crowdfunding
Authors: Yang Jialiang , Arseneault Rene , Calic Goran 
Published: November 2024

PurposeDrawing on integrated insights from signaling theory and the cognitive theory of multimedia learning, this study investigates the effect of video personalization on crowdfunding performance. “Video personalization” is defined as information presented in a video in a way that is designed to promote the feeling of being and interacting with others. This study also aimed to examine the moderating effects among various signals of video personalization.Design/methodology/approachThis study constructs a theoretical model of how video personalization affects crowdfunding performance through an integrated theory lens. This study measures several signals of video personalization, namely, first-person wording (FPW), second-person wording (SPW), asking questions and talking to the camera. The direct and moderating effects of video personalization on crowdfunding performance are examined by using 2,858 crowdfunding projects on Kickstarter.FindingsThis study revealed that using SPW, asking questions and talking directly to the camera positively impact crowdfunding performance, while talking to the camera attenuates the positive effect of using SPW and asking questions with respect to funding amounts.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the literature on resource mobilization in crowdfunding by examining how video personalization impacts resource mobilization in a crowdfunding setting. The findings extend signaling theory by broadening its boundaries. This advance is accomplished by integrating insights from cognitive science into signaling theory. This study also contributes to cognitive theory in multimedia learning by identifying novel ways to personalize videos and by broadening that work to a novel empirical context, entrepreneurship.