bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Therapeutic efficacy of anti‐MMP9 antibody in combination with nab‐paclitaxel‐based chemotherapy in pre‐clinical models of pancreatic cancer
Authors: Awasthi Niranjan , Mikels‐Vigdal Amanda J. , Stefanutti Erin , Schwarz Margaret A. , Monahan Sheena , Smith Victoria , Schwarz Roderich E. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractMatrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) is involved in the proteolysis of extracellular proteins and plays a critical role in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) progression, invasion and metastasis. The therapeutic potential of an anti‐MMP9 antibody (αMMP9) was evaluated in combination with nab‐paclitaxel (NPT)‐based standard cytotoxic therapy in pre‐clinical models of PDAC. Tumour progression and survival studies were performed in NOD/SCID mice. The mechanistic evaluation involved RNA‐Seq, Luminex, IHC and Immunoblot analyses of tumour samples. Median animal survival compared to controls was significantly increased after 2‐week therapy with NPT (59%), Gem (29%) and NPT+Gem (76%). Addition of αMMP9 antibody exhibited further extension in survival: NPT+αMMP9 (76%), Gem+αMMP9 (47%) and NPT+Gem+αMMP9 (94%). Six‐week maintenance therapy revealed that median animal survival was significantly increased after NPT+Gem (186%) and further improved by the addition of αMMP9 antibody (218%). Qualitative assessment of mice exhibited that αMMP9 therapy led to a reduction in jaundice, bloody ascites and metastatic burden. Anti‐MMP9 antibody increased the levels of tumour‐associated IL‐28 (1.5‐fold) and decreased stromal markers (collagen I, αSMA) and the EMT marker vimentin. Subcutaneous tumours revealed low but detectable levels of MMP9 in all therapy groups but no difference in MMP9 expression. Anti‐MMP9 antibody monotherapy resulted in more gene expression changes in the mouse stroma compared to the human tumour compartment. These findings suggest that anti‐MMP9 antibody can exert specific stroma‐directed effects that could be exploited in combination with currently used cytotoxics to improve clinical PDAC therapy.
Healthy eating interventions in adults living with and beyond colorectal cancer: a systematic review
Authors: Aubrey V. , Hon Y. , Shaw C. , Burden S. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackgroundRates of cancer survival are increasing, with more people living with and beyond cancer. Lifestyle recommendations for cancer survivors are based largely on extrapolation from cancer prevention recommendations. The present study aimed to systematically review the literature on randomised controlled trials (RCTs) focusing on healthy eating interventions in people with colorectal cancer (CRC).MethodsA structured search of electronic databases was conducted in March 2018 using medical subject headings (MeSH) and text words related to CRC and diet. The results of the literature searches were uploaded to online software for data management. Titles and abstracts were screened based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria and data were extracted. Quality of data was assessed using the Cochrane Handbook.ResultsSeven studies were identified, including six RCTs and one RCT protocol, with a total of 2233 participants from six studies, of whom 1010 (45%) had CRC. Three studies assessed anthropometrics demonstrating participants who received dietary intervention had a greater reduction in measurements. Six studies assessed changes in dietary components; however, only one demonstrated an increase in dietary fibre. Two studies reported improvements in quality of life favouring dietary intervention groups.ConclusionsThe quality of identified studies was variable, with limited evidence to support dietary intervention improving dietary intake in people living with or after CRC. Studies to date have not been based on robust study design that has combined all dietary interventions linked to CRC. As a result of the heterogeneity of the studies identified, it was difficult to draw strong conclusions.
The barriers and enablers to achieving adequate calcium intake in young adults: a qualitative study using focus groups
Authors: Rouf A. , Clayton S. , Allman‐Farinelli M. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackgroundDespite the established benefits of calcium consumption, many young Australians are not meeting the recommendations for calcium intake. This is concerning because an adequate calcium consumption is important throughout young adulthood to reach peak bone mass and for the prevention of osteoporosis. Therefore, the present study aimed to explore the barriers and enablers to consuming calcium‐rich foods with young adults.MethodsUsing a semi‐structured question guide, five focus group discussions were conducted with 39 participants [mean (SD) age 22.5 (1.8) years]. Participants were mostly females (n = 29) and enrolled in tertiary education (n = 31). A deductive approach was used to group common ideas into themes. The findings from the focus groups were analysed using the COM‐B framework, which examines the interactions between three key components (i.e. capability, opportunity and motivation).ResultsOn examining the young adults' capability to consume a diet adequate in calcium, it was found that young adults had limited knowledge of sources, prevention of disease and recommended amounts. Some participants voiced physical barriers to consumption (lactose intolerance). Opportunity was reported as a physical (availability of calcium‐rich foods), financial and social opportunity. Some participants reported motivation to include dairy as a result of the habit becoming engrained during their childhood under parental influence (automatic motivation), whereas others reflected on a lack of awareness relating to inadequacy and health consequences (reflective motivation).ConclusionsAlthough social media was seen to be an acceptable mode of intervention, concerns were raised about the source and credibility of the information. The findings may inform the development of future interventions targeting eating habits of young adults.
Transcriptome landscape of the early Brassica napus seed
Authors: Ziegler Dylan J. , Khan Deirdre , Kalichuk Jenna L. , Becker Michael G. , Belmonte Mark F. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBrassica napus L. (canola) is one of the world's most economically important oilseeds. Despite our growing knowledge of Brassica genetics, we still know little about the genes and gene regulatory networks underlying early seed development. In this work, we use laser microdissection coupled with RNA sequencing to profile gene activity of both the maternal and filial subregions of the globular seed. We find subregions of the chalazal end including the chalazal endosperm, chalazal proliferating tissue, and chalazal seed coat, have unique transcriptome profiles associated with hormone biosynthesis and polysaccharide metabolism. We confirm that the chalazal seed coat is uniquely enriched for sucrose biosynthesis and transport, and that the chalazal endosperm may function as an important regulator of the maternal region through brassinosteroid synthesis. The chalazal proliferating tissue, a poorly understood subregion, was specifically enriched in transcripts associated with megasporogenesis and trehalose biosynthesis, suggesting this ephemeral structure plays an important role in both sporophytic development and carbon nutrient balance, respectively. Finally, compartmentalization of transcription factors and their regulatory circuits has uncovered previously unknown roles for the chalazal pole in early seed development.
Cutaneous epitheliotropic lymphoma in a baboon (Papiospp.): A case report and a brief literature review
Authors: Carias Elvira , DeLorenzo Megan , Owston Michael , Gonzalez Olga , Kumar Shyamesh , Dick Jr Edward J. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractCutaneous epitheliotropic lymphoma (CEL) has not been reported in non‐human primates. We report the first case of CEL in a 9‐year‐old baboon. The phenotype of the neoplastic cells in this baboon is similar to CEL in humans (CD3+, CD4+, CD8−) and different from dogs (CD3+, CD4−, CD8+).
Mutual Gains? Health‐Related HRM, Collective Well‐Being and Organizational Performance
Authors: Huettermann Hendrik , Bruch Heike 
Published: April 2019

AbstractResearch on the effects of HR management on employees’ psychological well‐being has yielded inconclusive results. Moreover, prior works remain unclear on whether human resource practices specifically aimed at enhancing employee well‐being also benefit organizational performance. Building on signaling theory and conservation of resources theory, our study investigates the relationship between health‐related human resource management (HHRM), employees’ collective well‐being (in terms of collective emotional exhaustion and collective engagement) and organizational performance. Results from a multi‐source field study of top management team members, HR representatives, and 15,952 employees in 88 organizations reveal a positive indirect relationship between HHRM and employees’ collective well‐being, which is mediated by employees’ positive stress mindset. In addition, we find this positive indirect association to depend on the level of transformational leadership climate in organizations. Finally, our findings also show a positive indirect relationship between HHRM and company performance, mediated by employees’ positive stress mindset and collective engagement.
Mortality‐risk‐based apnea–hypopnea index thresholds for diagnostics of obstructive sleep apnea
Authors: Korkalainen Henri , Töyräs Juha , Nikkonen Sami , Leppänen Timo 
Published: April 2019

SummaryThe severity of obstructive sleep apnea is clinically assessed mainly using the apnea–hypopnea index. Based on the apnea–hypopnea index, patients are classified into four severity groups: non‐obstructive sleep apnea (apnea–hypopnea index < 5); mild (5 ≤ apnea–hypopnea index < 15); moderate (15 ≤ apnea–hypopnea index < 30); and severe obstructive sleep apnea (apnea–hypopnea index ≥ 30). However, these thresholds lack solid clinical and scientific evidence. We hypothesize that the current apnea–hypopnea index thresholds are not optimal despite their global use, and aim to assess this clinical shortcoming by optimizing the thresholds with respect to the risk of all‐cause mortality. We analysed ambulatory polygraphic recordings of 1,783 patients with suspected obstructive sleep apnea (mean follow‐up 18.3 years). We simulated 79,079 different threshold combinations in 100 randomized subgroups of the population and studied the relative risk of all‐cause mortality corresponding to each combination and randomization. The optimal thresholds were chosen according to three criteria: (a) the hazard ratios increase linearly between severity groups towards more severe obstructive sleep apnea; (b) each group includes at least 15% of the study population; (c) group sizes decrease with increasing obstructive sleep apnea severity. The risk of all‐cause mortality varied greatly across simulations; the threshold defining non‐obstructive sleep apnea group having the largest effect on the hazard ratios. The apnea–hypopnea index threshold combination of 3‐9‐24 was optimal in most of the subgroups. In conclusion, the assessment of obstructive sleep apnea severity based on the current apnea–hypopnea index thresholds is not optimal. Our novel approach provides methods for optimizing apnea–hypopnea index‐based severity classification, and the revised thresholds better differentiate patients into severity groups, ensuring that an increase in the severity corresponds to an increase in the risk of all‐cause mortality.
New York Yankees and Hollywood Anglos: The persistence of Anglo‐conformity in the American motion picture industry
Authors: Kaufmann Eric , Ballatore Andrea 
Published: April 2019

AbstractIdeal types have received less attention than membership criteria in the ethnicity and nationalism literature. This article uses crowdsourced genealogical data and onomastics software to show that British Isles surnames and ancestry remain over‐represented among American actors, especially in roles connected with the national narrative. Conformity to the WASP ideal type persists despite the fact American actors are disproportionately born in Los Angeles, New York, and other large cities, where British ancestry is rare. Jewish actors are over‐represented, yet many have Anglo surnames. Compared to athletes and politicians, actors are significantly more likely to have Anglo surnames, especially those in genres depicting the nation. After declining among cohorts of stars born between the 1800s and 1961, the share of British Isles surnames has stabilised and remains in the majority. We argue that despite rising diversity, this reflects the continuing importance of the Anglo‐Protestant ethnic imago for American national identity.
A systematic review and meta‐analysis of intervention characteristics in postpartum weight management using the TIDieR framework: A summary of evidence to inform implementation
Authors: Lim Siew , Liang Xinyu , Hill Briony , Teede Helena , Moran Lisa J. , O'Reilly Sharleen 
Published: April 2019

SummaryPostpartum weight retention is a significant contributor to obesity in reproductive‐aged women, but the key implementation characteristics of postpartum weight management interventions have not been systematically identified to inform policy and practice. This study aimed to evaluate the intervention characteristics associated with weight loss in postpartum women using the Template for Intervention Description and Replication (TIDieR) framework. We searched MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, PSYCINFO, and EBM databases to identify lifestyle intervention RCTs in postpartum women (within 2 years after birth) published up to January 2018. From 4512 studies, 33 studies were included in the systematic review and meta‐analysis (n = 4960 women). Health professional‐delivered interventions had significantly greater weight loss than those delivered by nonhealth professionals (mean difference, 95% confidence interval: (−3.22 kg [−4.83, −1.61] vs −0.99 kg [−1.53, −0.45], P = 0.01 for subgroup differences)). Diet and physical activity combined had significantly greater weight loss compared with physical activity‐only interventions (−3.15 kg [−4.34, −1.96] vs −0.78 kg [−1.73, 0.16], P = 0.009 for subgroup differences). The extent of weight loss was not influenced by intervention intensity (duration, number of sessions) and setting (individual or group).
A systematic review on biomechanical characteristics of walking in children and adolescents with overweight/obesity: Possible implications for the development of musculoskeletal disorders
Authors: Molina‐Garcia Pablo , Migueles Jairo H. , Cadenas‐Sanchez Cristina , Esteban‐Cornejo Irene , Mora‐Gonzalez Jose , Rodriguez‐Ayllon Maria , Plaza‐Florido Abel , Vanrenterghem Jos , Ortega Francisco B. 
Published: April 2019

SummaryIt is known that obesity is associated with biomechanical alterations during locomotor tasks, which is considered a potential risk factor for the development of musculoskeletal disorders (MSKD). However, the association of obesity with biomechanical alterations of walking in the early stages of life have not yet been systematically reviewed. Thus, this review aims to summarize the biomechanical characteristics of walking in children and adolescents with overweight/obesity (OW/OB) versus their normal‐weight (NW) counterparts. PubMed and Web of Science were systematically searched until November 2018. We found strong and moderate evidence supporting biomechanical differences in the gait pattern of OW/OB with respect to NW. Based on strong evidence, the gait patterns of OW/OB present greater pelvis transversal plane motion, higher hip internal rotation, higher hip flexion, extension and abduction moments and power generation/absorption, greater knee abduction/adduction motion, and higher knee abduction/adduction moments and power generation/absorption. Based on moderate evidence, OW/OB walk with greater step width, longer stance phase, higher tibiofemoral contact forces, higher ankle plantarflexion moments and power generation, and greater gastrocnemius and soleus activation/forces. These biomechanical alterations during walking in OW/OB could play a major role in the onset and progression of MSKD.
Association of long non‐coding RNA MEG3 polymorphisms with oral squamous cell carcinoma risk
Authors: Hou Yunwen , Zhang Bo , Miao Limin , Ji Yefeng , Yu Yang , Zhu Longbiao , Ma Hongxia , Yuan Hua 
Published: April 2019

AbstractObjectiveLong non‐coding RNA (lncRNA) MEG3 was associated with multiple types of cancers such as oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) might affect cancer risk by modifying the function of lncRNAs. But fewer study researched the relationship between SNPs and MEG3 in cancers. Considering these reasons, we supposed SNPs in MEG3 may influence the risk of OSCC.Material and MethodsThe selected SNPs in MEG3 were genotyped in 1,428 subjects (444 patients with OSCC and 984 cancer‐free controls). The relationship between SNPs in MEG3 and OSCC risk was calculated by logistic regression analysis. The function of the SNPs was explored by luciferase activity assay.ResultsA statistically significant increased risk was observed between rs11160608 and OSCC (Dominant model: adjusted OR = 1.36, 95% CI = 1.06–1.76, p = 0.017). Moreover, the effect of rs11160608 CC genotype with OSCC risk was much strong in drinkers than non‐drinkers (adjusted OR = 1.79, 95% CI = 1.17–2.73, p = 0.007). Furthermore, the luciferase activity of rs11160608 A allele was lower than rs11160608 C allele by luciferase reporter assay.ConclusionOur study confirmed that the SNP rs11160608 in MEG3 might play an important role in OSCC by interring the binding of miRNA.
The Politics ofTerànga: Gender, Hospitality, and Power in Senegal
Authors: Riley Emily Jenan 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThis article examines the complex and contested praxis of “doing politics,” both publicly and privately, among female politicians in Senegal. It explores women's political practices comprising myriad gendered performances of femininity, generosity, and hospitality—elements of what I deem theterànga(hospitality) ethos. This article contributes to the existing literature focusing on hospitality and exchange in conversation with theories of gender and political action from an African perspective. Through a contrastive lens, I explore how women in politics not only engage in the practice of terànga as an obligation and performance of gendered norms for doing politics but also as a means of subverting existing limitations for political and personal opportunity.
Developmental trends of performance monitoring measures in 7‐ to 25‐year‐olds: Unraveling the complex nature of brain measures
Authors: Gavin William J. , Lin Mei‐Heng , Davies Patricia L. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThis study explores how trial‐to‐trial latency variability contributes to the developmental trends observed in ERN amplitude found in the incorrect trials of a performance monitoring task, the visual flanker task. An Adaptive Woody filter was used to measure and correct for the trial‐to‐trial latency variability of the ERN in 240 participants aged 7–25 years. Using three measures of latency variability, the degree of trial‐to‐trial latency variability was shown to decrease as the age of the participants increased from 7 to 25 years. The success of the Adaptive Woody filter technique to remove the trial‐to‐trial latency variability was demonstrated in a straightforward manner by the significant changes in the measures of fit and intraindividual variability obtained before and after applying the filter. After the latency variability effects were removed and adjusted averaged ERPs were obtained, a more subtle but significant nonlinear developmental trend was still found in the amplitude of the ERN component.
Regulating the delivery of cash‐for‐care payments across Europe
Authors: Gori Cristiano , Luppi Matteo 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe article aims to understand how governments across Europe have modified the regulation of the delivery of cash‐for‐care schemes (CfCs) to dependent older people since the beginning of the century. In our terminology, the regulation of the CfCs delivery defines the norms, rules, and practices that public actors adopt to manage how beneficiaries can use the benefits. To discuss the regulation of CfCs delivery, we employ an original framework that take three analytical dimensions into account: the degrees of freedom in benefits' utilization (“CfCs utilization” dimension), the provision of information/orientation/advices/counselling to older people and families (“professional support” dimension), and the relationship between the delivery of CfCs and the delivery of the other publicly funded long‐term care inputs (“care system” dimension). The analysis adopts a comparative perspective, looking at six countries—Italy, Austria, the Netherlands, France, Germany, and England. Among various findings, the main one consists in showing that there has been a shared and increased interest in consolidating the regulation of CfCs delivery. This trend has been mostly directed towards the new policy aim of strengthening the professional support, a goal underestimated in the past, when this dimension was not a major topic of both debate and practice concerning CfCs across Europe.
Skill and Earnings in the Healthcare Sector: Evidence From Rustbelt and Sunbelt Cities
Authors: Yin Wei , Poon Jessie P. H. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe Rustbelt‐Sunbelt regional divide has captured economic geographers’ imagination since the 1980s. Sunbelt cities have been held up as a model of openness, highly attractive to the mobile and skilled. Yet Rustbelt cities are not unattractive to skilled workers though it is unclear which skills may be driving urban vitality through higher earnings. This paper examines the effect of cognitive, social and communication skills on individual earnings in cities of the Rustbelt and Sunbelt. Focusing on healthcare occupations, it finds that cognitive skill positively influences earnings. Conversely, social and communication skills are not likely to result in income payoffs. Returns to earnings in the Rustbelt and Sunbelt are comparable, and may explain why cities in the former region can remain attractive to healthcare professionals with cognitive skill.
Viability of Airborne Wind Energy in the United Kingdom
Authors: Ye Zhihui , Chaer Issa , Lawner Harry , Ross Marcus 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
To meet the worldwide requirements of carbon emission reduction, the European Council has set the UK a 15% energy target to come from renewable energy by 2020. The biggest renewable energy sources in the UK are bioenergy, wind, solar, and hydro. The UK is located in prime geography, considered to be the best in Europe, for harvesting, and over the last three decades, the number of wind farms has increased greatly. However, the interaction of wind speed and structural strength has limited the height of platform-based wind turbines to a maximum height of around 100 m. Airborne wind energy (AWE) systems enable the extraction of more energy from the wind at elevated altitudes beyond 150 m using a device termed a kite. A method is required to determine suitable locations for AWE system implementation. In this work, a regional feasibility study has been conducted to establish an ideal suitable location to implement AWE systems. Extensive research has been carried out to assess the electricity costs, energy savings, area availability, as well as regional airborne wind energy power densities at different regions within the UK. A standardized method has been developed to assess the viability of AWE in various geographical locations. It was found that Scotland was the most suitable location for the implementation of AWE systems due to the high wind power density in this region and existing high costs of electricity, thus greater potentials for energy cost savings.