bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inpatient Burden of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection and Influenza in Children Younger Than 5 Years in Japan, 2011–2022: A Database Study
Authors: Arashiro Takeshi , Kramer Rolf , Jin Jing , Kano Munehide , Wang Fangyuan , Miyairi Isao 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundRespiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and influenza virus are major viral etiologies of pediatric lower respiratory tract infection, but comparative data on inpatient burden are lacking.MethodsUsing a large‐scale health claims database in Japan, we identified patients under 5 years of age with a confirmed RSV or influenza diagnosis as an outpatient or inpatient between 2011 and 2022. Hospitalization rate, inpatient characteristics, various in‐hospital outcomes/complications, and healthcare resource utilization were described.ResultsA total of 176,911 RSV‐confirmed outpatients, 153,383 influenza‐confirmed outpatients, 90,413 RSV‐confirmed hospitalizations, and 11,186 influenza‐confirmed hospitalizations were identified. Among outpatients, 24.7% of RSV infection and 2.8% of influenza cases required hospitalization within 1 week. There was no co‐morbidities/prematurity for 95.0% of RSV hospitalizations and 96.5% of influenza hospitalizations. Proportions of in‐hospital outcomes/complications were (RSV infection vs. influenza): oxygen use 47.6% vs. 14.8%, mechanical ventilation 2.1% vs. 0.7%, pneumonia 33.6% vs. 12.8%, otitis media 7.7% vs. 2.3%, febrile seizure 1.5% vs. 34.4%, encephalitis/encephalopathy 0.1% vs. 0.5%, myocarditis < 0.1% vs. 0.6%, antibiotics prescription 48.0% vs. 24.4%. The mean inpatient stay was 6.1 vs. 4.3 days at direct medical costs of 435,744 vs. 315,809 JPY/patient. These trends held true in age‐stratified data. In‐hospital death occurred in 31 RSV infection and 6 influenza cases.ConclusionsAlthough both infections resulted in substantial burden, RSV infection led to more frequent hospitalizations, worse in‐hospital outcomes, longer inpatient stays, higher medical costs, and more frequent antibiotics prescription compared to influenza. Most RSV hospitalizations occurred among healthy term children, emphasizing the need for prevention measures in all children.
The French connection: Multiple records of Strait of Gibraltar killer whales (Orcinus orca) (2003–2023) in the Bay of Biscay, France
Authors: Pouey‐Santalou Victoria , Moreno‐Godoy Paula , Ducret Mathieu , Dramet Maéva , Toulot Aurore , Eriksson Ida , De Weerdt Joëlle 
Published: November 2024

AbstractDocumenting species occurrence and distribution patterns is fundamental for effective conservation strategies, particularly for endangered species facing various threats. Killer whales (Orcinus orca) are distributed worldwide, yet some populations, such as the critically endangered Strait of Gibraltar subpopulation, lack comprehensive distribution data. This study focuses on documenting the occurrence of Strait of Gibraltar killer whales along the French coast of the Bay of Biscay using twenty years (2003–2023) of scientific and citizen science data. Analysis of 34 sightings revealed seasonal patterns, with most sightings occurring between June and November. Also, killer whales are observed more often in the area since 2015. Photo‐identification methods allowed for the identification of 11 individuals, eight of which were recaptured in Spanish and Portuguese catalogs, confirming their affiliation with the Strait of Gibraltar subpopulation. Some individuals have been sighted over several years, regularly travelling together, suggesting potential site fidelity to the Bay of Biscay. Overall movement patterns showed associations with Atlantic bluefin tuna distribution. However, disruptive behaviors observed in some individuals highlight conservation challenges. This study provides novel insights into the distribution and movements of a critically endangered killer whale subpopulation, informing future conservation efforts in the region.
Left nationalism in the French Basque Country: From civic opposition to critical participation
Authors: Chevallier Thomas , Itçaina Xabier 
Published: November 2024

AbstractResearch on territories which have long been subjected to nationalist violence has tended to focus on the most radical manifestations of these struggles and their electoral and institutional consequences. In certain configurations, the involvement of nationalist entrepreneurs in socio‐economic initiatives, environmental causes or women's mobilisations reveals a broadening of activism to a larger political scope. This broadening can contribute to diluting or, conversely, reinforcing purely nationalist demands while creating new opportunities for alliances with non‐nationalist mobilisations. The French Basque region illustrates such a discussion. Basque nationalist politics has not only taken the form of a political movement but has also constituted a culture of citizen opposition in which the nationalist demand is as much an end as support for other struggles, notably socio‐economic ones. The article adopts a socio‐historical approach by going back to the main arenas in which Basque nationalism was formed and the struggles that have shaped it. Once having defined the concept of the culture of civic opposition, the article analyses three historical sequences from the 1970s until the 2020s.
Machine learning‐based identification of general transcriptional predictors for plant disease
Authors: Sia Jayson , Zhang Wei , Cheng Mingxi , Bogdan Paul , Cook David E. 
Published: November 2024

Summary
This study investigated the generalizability of Arabidopsis thaliana immune responses across diverse pathogens, including Botrytis cinerea, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, and Pseudomonas syringae, using a data‐driven, machine learning approach.
Machine learning models were trained to predict disease development from early transcriptional responses. Feature selection techniques based on network science and topology were used to train models employing only a fraction of the transcriptome. Machine learning models trained on one pathosystem where then validated by predicting disease development in new pathosystems.
The identified feature selection gene sets were enriched for pathways related to biotic, abiotic, and stress responses, though the specific genes involved differed between feature sets. This suggests common immune responses to diverse pathogens that operate via different gene sets.
The study demonstrates that machine learning can uncover both established and novel components of the plant's immune response, offering insights into disease resistance mechanisms. These predictive models highlight the potential to advance our understanding of multigenic outcomes in plant immunity and can be further refined for applications in disease prediction.
The impact of behavioral weight management interventions on eating behavior traits in adults with overweight or obesity: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Kudlek Laura , Eustachio Colombo Patricia , Ahern Amy , Tait Struan , Reid Natasha , Wickramarachchi Milindu , Lakshmi Aiswarya , Sharp Stephen J. , Spreckley Marie , Mueller Julia , Jones Rebecca A. 
Published: November 2024

SummaryEating behavior traits (EBTs), defined as personal tendencies determining food intake, can be useful targets for behavioral weight management interventions. Previous reviews have examined the impact of specific intervention types on EBTs, not reflecting the breadth of interventions used in practice. This systematic review and meta‐analysis synthesized evidence on the impact of all types of behavioral weight management interventions on EBTs. We searched seven databases and included randomized controlled trials reporting EBT outcomes following behavioral weight management interventions delivered to adults with overweight or obesity. Using random‐effects meta‐analyses, we synthesized findings from 27 trials at the end of intervention and 12 months (±3 months) post intervention. We found evidence to suggest that interventions improved uncontrolled eating, external eating, susceptibility to hunger, restraint and intuitive eating at intervention end when compared with waitlist, minimal or usual care control. We found no evidence of effects on emotional eating, disinhibition, and hedonic hunger. At follow‐up, effects on restraint remained, but we found no evidence of an effect on emotional eating, hedonic hunger and uncontrolled eating. Findings were limited by low numbers of contributing trials. More high‐quality trials reporting EBTs are needed to better understand the impact of adult behavioral weight management interventions on EBTs.PROSPERO registration number: CRD42022367505.
A Comparative Historical Sociology of Corruption
Authors: Garrido Marco , Zaloznaya Marina , Wilson Nicholas Hoover 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTA view of corruption as disembedded from society and history is predominant today. In this view, corruption is basically the same thing everywhere and inherently a bad thing because it gets in the way of proper processes. In opposition to this view, we argue for understanding corruption as socially and historically embedded. While there are many viable ways to embed corruption, we advocate a comparative historical sociology of corruption in particular. This approach has in mind a view of corruption as “a moving object,” that is, as subject to variation across social space and transformation over time. It focuses on the processes through which a course of action is worked out in relation to historically specific structural conditions. By tracing these processes and embedding “corrupt” practices in the situations where they were developed and make sense, we gain a deeper understanding of these practices and are in a better position to evaluate them. We are also able to make better comparisons, comparing objects shaped by similar processes rather than objects identified by definition alone. We proceed, first, by situating our intervention in the context of the rise of a disembedded approach to corruption. Second, we review a selection of more or less embedded approaches in anthropology and sociology. Third, we describe what a comparative historical sociology of corruption entails. Finally, we highlight the costs of a disembedded view in terms of ineffective and pathologizing anti‐corruption efforts.
Measuring position sense
Authors: Proske Uwe 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPosition sense is arguably more important than any of the other proprioceptive senses, because it provides us with information about the position of our body and limbs in relationship to one another and to our surroundings; it has been considered to contribute to our self‐awareness. There is currently no consensus over the best method of measuring position sense. We have recently measured position sense with three commonly used methods. These were two‐arm matching, one‐arm pointing and one‐arm repositioning, all carried out by blindfolded subjects with their lightly loaded forearms moving in the sagittal plane. It is currently believed that muscle spindles are the principal position sensors. We posed the question, was there evidence for spindles participating in the generation of position sense with each method? The indicator of spindle activity we used was the presence of thixotropic errors in the position signal, in response to conditioning voluntary contractions of forearm muscles. Based on this criterion, there was evidence of spindles contributing to position sense with all three methods. It was concluded that the spindle contribution to the position signal and the extent to which this was processed centrally was different with each method. It is argued that a case could be made for the existence of more than one position sense. Differences between the methods have implications for their meaning in a clinical setting.
Brecciation and epithermal mineralization in the Baia Mare ore district (Romania): The Wilhelm deposit
Authors: Tămaș Călin G. 
Published: November 2024

The Wilhelm deposit is part of an intermediate-sulfidation polymetallic Zn-Pb-Ag-Au vein system in the Baia Mare ore district of the Eastern Carpathians, Romania, where left-lateral tectonic displacement in an E−W-dominated fault system controlled the epithermal mineralization. The Wilhelm deposit consists of tens of vein sets, including the sub-parallel Complex veins (1−7), and is hosted by the ca. 11.6 Ma Ulmoasa dacite. The 7 Complex vein is composed of sub-vertical breccia, including marginal fine-grained rock flour breccia (Fgb), which is matrix-supported and cemented by minor interstitially precipitated minerals. This breccia is cut and re-brecciated multiple times by a clast-supported breccia (Csb) cemented by four hydrothermal mineralization stages comprising the economic ore, i.e., gray quartz−pyrite (M1); sphalerite−galena−pyrite−freibergite (M2); white calcite−electrum−freibergite (M3); and gray-blue quartz−freibergite with an unnamed Ag-mineral (Ag,Cu)8SbS5 (M4). Each mineralization stage follows its distinct brecciation event (B1 to B4). This clast-supported breccia is comminuted near contacts with unbrecciated dacitic host rock to a matrix-supported breccia with rock flour enclosing small ore and host-rock fragments (Ofb).
The rounded shape of fragments originating in the underlying sedimentary rock basement indicates the upward transport of Fgb by incipient phreatomagmatic activity. The dominant ore and gangue minerals of Csb suggest dominant hydrothermal fluid flow during ore formation. The gradual contact of Csb with Ofb and its clasts indicate that Ofb was formed by tectonic movement during the waning stage of hydrothermal activity, because both breccias are cut by pink calcite veins (mineralization stage M5). A similar evolution from phreatomagmatic breccias through repeated hydrothermal brecciation and mineralization to late tectonic brecciation is characteristic of the entire Baia Mare district. Its consistent relation to coeval calc-alkaline magmatism indicates that magmatic fluids played an essential role in ore formation. Resulting steep thermal gradients with or without mixing with surface water created a metal zonation with deep Cu-rich zones, intermediate Pb-Zn zones, and Au-rich bonanza zones due to shallow fluid boiling. The local presence of Au-rich ores also at greater depth indicates fluid de-sulfidation as an alternative mechanism for Au precipitation.
Supplemental Material: Detrital zircon provenance links between outcrop and subsurface, Rocas Verdes and Magallanes-Austral Basins, Patagonia
Authors: Almonte N. Gross , al. et 
Published: November 2024

<p>Data Set 1: U-Pb detrital zircon data table results from LA-ICP-MS. Data Set 2: U-Pb data inputs for IsoplotR weighted mean average (WMA) calculations. Data Set 3: Raw and normalized point-count data. </p>
Induction of Alkaline Bands in Chara by External Electric Current Reveals the Influence of Plasma Membrane H+ Fluxes on Cyclosis-Mediated Signaling
Authors: Bulychev A. A. , Krupenina N. A. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Long-distant communications in plants and giant plant cells are essential for optimal cell functioning under variable environmental conditions. In characean internodal cells exposed to spotted or flickering light, the redox balance in dimly lit chloroplasts is sensitive to the reducing power produced in brightly illuminated chloroplasts of a distal cell region located upstream in the directed cytoplasmic flow. The distant communication is mediated by excessive production in the high-light region of reducing metabolites that are exported into the streaming cytoplasm and delivered by cytoplasmic flow to light-starving chloroplasts. These target chloroplasts perceive the transportable metabolic signal, which is reflected in the transient increase of modulated chlorophyll fluorescence F '. Previous studies of cyclosis-mediated F ' transients revealed that they are sensitive to natural H+ fluxes across the plasma membrane and that the signal transduction is suppressed in cell areas with massive H+ influx. In this study with Chara australis R. Br., we show that the injection of inward electric current is accompanied by proton influx sufficient for the creation of artificial alkaline band. The combined application of PAM chlorophyll microfluorometry, local light stimuli, and measurements of pericellular pH showed that the microfluidic signal transduction is notably suppressed under artificially produced alkaline band where H+ influx acidifies the cytoplasm. It is hypothesized that changes in cytoplasmic pH regulate the rates of electron flows directed to NADP reduction and O2 reduction, which may disturb long-distance redox control system involving production and consumption of reducing equivalents.
Characterization of Properties of 325-MHz Half-Wave Superconducting Resonators at Low Microwave Field Amplitudes
Authors: Sukhotski A. , Bychanok D. , Gurnevich E. , Volunets H. , Huseu S. , Maksimenko S. , Petrakovski V. , Pakrouski A. , Pobol I. , Zalessky V. , Tamashevich Y. , Gusarova M. , Lalayan M. , Polozov S. , Nikiforov D. , Bespalov Yu. , Butenko A. , Syresin E. , Trubnikov G. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
A prototype of the 325-MHz niobium half-wave coaxial resonator ($$\beta = 0.21$$) is developed, built, and tested at low microwave field amplitudes. Electromagnetic properties of the prototype in the superconducting state are investigated in the continuous wave regime and the damping regime using a highly stable radio-frequency (RF) generator and power detectors. The experimental data on the resonator’s response in the superconducting state are used to calculate its most important characteristics—the intrinsic Q value and the accelerating field. The experimentally measured Q value of the prototype is $${{Q}_{0}} = (3.5 \pm 0.1) \times {{10}^{8}}$$ at input powers of up to +20 dBm.
Considerations in Correction of Wrist Deformity in Arthrogryposis
Authors: BHARDWAJ Praveen , VARADHARAJAN Ashwini , SABAPATHY S. Raja 
Published: November 2024

The wrist is affected in all the forms of arthrogryposis and is a common site requiring surgical intervention. The wrist usually has a flexion and ulnar deviation deformity of varying severity. A flexion deformity of >40° results in a weak hand grip and gives an ‘abnormal’ look to the patient as a whole and hence, is a common reason for patients to desire surgical correction. However, as children tend to adjust to whatever posture they have as they grow, the most important thing a surgeon should be aware of, is when and whom not to operate. This article discusses all these possibilities in detail and provides authors preferred surgical plan. We have found a combination of volar fascia release, intercarpal wedge resection osteotomy and extensor carpi ulnaris to extensor carpi radialis brevis tendon transfer to be most effective and reliable. Patient and parental satisfaction with early surgical intervention is often satisfactory. Level of Evidence: Level V (Therapeutic)
Congenital Infantile Fibrosarcoma – A Potentially Fatal Condition
Authors: GHANGHURDE Bipin Arun , SHAH Kushal , BODHANWALA Minnie , SRINIVASAN Shankar 
Published: November 2024

Congenital infantile fibrosarcoma (CIF) is a rare prenatal malignant tumour that occurs in infants and can be difficult to distinguish from vascular malformation or haemangiomas. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for saving both limb and life. We report a 4-month-old infant with CIF of the left forearm and arm which presented with a bleeding ulcer over the swelling. During admission, the child developed disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) necessitating a life-saving above-elbow amputation. Level of Evidence: Level V (Therapeutic)
The Application of a Cross-Shaped Advancement Flap in Polysyndactyly of the Fifth Toe
Authors: SHEN Xiaofang , CHEN Yu , YANG Guang 
Published: November 2024

Polysyndactyly of the foot is a common congenital malformation of the lower extremity. We introduce our surgical technique for reconstruction of polysyndactyly of the fifth toe fused with the fourth toe. The technique includes the removal of the medial hypoplastic ray, web-space reconstruction using a dorsal cross-shaped advancement flap and closure of the lateral incisions of the separated toes with a tongue-shaped flap and zigzag triangular flaps. This technique is advantageous to prevent postoperative web creep, reduce the tension of the dorsal incision closure and it is relatively easy to grasp for the inexperienced surgeon. Level of Evidence: Level V (Therapeutic)
Revision Surgery for Scar Contracture and Web Creep after Syndactyly Release
Authors: MAHMOUD Mostafa , MOHSEN Ibrahim 
Published: November 2024

Background: Revision surgery after syndactyly separation is challenging. Web creep and scarring have a great impact on function and appearance of the hand. There is a paucity of literature on revision surgery for syndactyly. The aim of this study is to present the outcomes of revision surgery for syndactyly. Methods: This retrospective study included patients who required revision surgery after syndactyly release for web creep, scar contracture affecting motion and/or bony deformities. Web creep was graded using the Withey classification and scars were graded as minimal, mild, moderate and severe based on the impact on range of motion (ROM). All patients underwent dorsal and volar triangular flaps for correction for web creep, multiple Z-plasty and/or proximal interphalangeal joint (PIPJ) release for correction of scar contractures and osteotomy for correction of angular/rotational bony deformities. Improvement in web creep grading, scar contracture and change in angular and/or rotational deformities were recorded. Results: The study included 9 hands in 7 patients who required surgery for 13 web creeps (four grade 2, four grade 3 and five grade 4), 20 scar contractures (five mild, seven moderate and eight severe), 6 angular (five ≤15° and one = 40°) and 1 rotational deformity. All web creeps improved to grade 1. Out of the 20 scar contractures, 14 improved to mild and 6 to moderate. Two patients underwent corrective osteotomy, one for rotational deformity and one for a 40° angular deformity which improved to 5°. Conclusions: Double opposing triangular flap presents a good option for revision of the web with no recurrence of web creep after a 1-year follow-up period. We suggest a grading system which assesses the effect of scarring on finger motion. Finally, avoiding straight volar suture lines decreases the incidence of recurrence. Level of Evidence: Level IV (Therapeutic)