bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetic polymorphism of rs9564966 G > A on 13q22.1 predicts poor survival for Chinese patients with gastric cancer
Authors: Zhao Tingting , Huo Xinying , Chen Jinfei 
Published: December 2018

AbstractTwo genomewide association studies on pancreatic cancer have identified a novel single‐nucleotide polymorphism of rs9564966 G > A on 13q22.1 region. However, the associations between the rs9564966 G > A polymorphism and the survival of Chinese patients with gastric cancer (GC) were unknown. In our present investigation, we adopted the Kaplan‐Meier plots, Cox regression analyses, and the log‐rank tests to explore the associations between rs9564966 G > A polymorphism and the prognosis of 911 Chinese patients with GC. Our results revealed that, compared with GG genotype, patients with GA + AA genotypes had poorer outcomes (HR = 1.348, 95% CI = 1.084‐1.675, P = 0.007), especially in the subgroups of age ≤60 years, male, nondrinker, tumor size >5 cm, tumor site in Noncardia, intestinal‐type tumor, T3/T4 level depth of invasion, N1/N2/N3 level lymph node metastasis, no distant metastasis, III/IV level TNM stages, and no chemotherapy. Our findings suggested that the rs9564966 G > A polymorphism may be a potential biomarker to predict the survival of Chinese patients with GC.
A retrospective multicenter study of carbon‐ion radiotherapy for external auditory canal and middle ear carcinomas
Authors: Hayashi Kazuhiko , Koto Masashi , Demizu Yusuke , Saitoh Jun‐ichi , Suefuji Hiroaki , Okimoto Tomoaki , Ohno Tatsuya , Shioyama Yoshiyuki , Takagi Ryo , Ikawa Hiroaki , Nemoto Kenji , Nakano Takashi , Kamada Tadashi 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBackgroundWe conducted a retrospective multicenter study to assess the clinical outcomes of carbon‐ion radiotherapy (CIRT) for head and neck malignancies (Japan Carbon‐Ion Radiation Oncology Study Group [J‐CROS] study: 1402 HN). We aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of CIRT in patients with external auditory canal (EAC) and middle ear (ME) carcinomas.MethodsThirty‐one patients treated with CIRT at four Japanese institutions were analyzed. Fourteen patients (45.2%) had squamous cell carcinomas, 13 (41.9%) had adenoid cystic carcinomas, and four (12.9%) had other types. Nineteen (61.3%), six (19.4%), three (9.7%), and three (9.7%) patients had T4, T3, T2, and T1 disease, respectively. All patients had N0M0 status. The median radiation dose was 64 Gy (relative biological effectiveness) in 16 fractions. The median gross tumor volume was 33.3 mL.ResultsThe median follow‐up period was 18.4 months (range, 5.1‐85.6). The 1‐ and 3‐year local control and overall survival rates were 75.0% and 55.0% and 79.3% and 58.7%, respectively. Regarding grade 3 or higher toxicities, three patients (9.7%) had grade 3 dermatitis, one (3.2%) had grade 3 mucositis, and two (6.5%) had grade 3 central nervous necrosis (ie, radiation‐induced brain necrosis). No grade 4 or worse reactions were observed.ConclusionCIRT was effective for EAC and ME carcinomas.
Initiation and interruption in intravenous bisphosphonate therapy among patients with multiple myeloma in the United States
Authors: McGrath Leah J. , Hernandez Rohini K. , Overman Robert , Reams Diane , Liede Alexander , Brookhart M. Alan , O’Donnell Elizabeth 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBackgroundPrior to 2018, intravenous bisphosphonates (IV BPs) were the only therapies recommended to prevent skeletal‐related events for patients diagnosed with multiple myeloma (MM). We examined patterns of IV BP initiation and interruption among patients with newly diagnosed MM (NDMM) in the United States.MethodsElectronic health records linked to administrative health insurance claims were used to identify adults with NDMM between 1 January 2011 and 30 April 2016. Patients were excluded for recent IV BP use or concurrent cancer. The incidences of IV BP initiation and interruption were estimated using competing risk regression. A generalized linear model was used to estimate risk factors for treatment initiation and interruption.ResultsAmong the 547 patients with NDMM, 64% initiated MM therapy within 30 days of diagnosis. By one year, 65% (95% CI: 59, 70) of patients with appropriately timed anti‐MM therapy had initiated an IV BP. Zoledronic acid was the most commonly initiated IV BP. Patients with Stage III MM were more likely to initiate an IV BP (adjusted risk difference (RD): 6.3; 95% CI: 2.7, 10.1), while those with eGFR <30 mL/min were less likely to initiate (RD: −9.7; 95% CI: −13.8, −5.8). Of the 264 patients who initiated an IV BP, 77% (95% CI: 71, 82) experienced an interruption within one year. Patients on concurrent anti‐MM therapy were less likely to experience an interruption in IV BP therapy.ConclusionsMany patients with NDMM do not initiate IV BPs, particularly those with renal complications. Interruptions of IV BPs were common.
Redefining the fluoroscopic landmarks for common femoral arterial puncture during cardiac catheterization: Femoral angiogram and computed tomography angiogram (FACT) study of common femoral artery anatomy
Authors: Gopalakrishnan Prabhakaran P. , Manoharan Pradeep , Shekhar Chander , Seto Arnold , Sinha Rahul , David Manova , Shah Moneal , Nagajothi Nagapradeep 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBackgroundThe mid‐femoral head (F50) is a common fluoroscopic target for common femoral artery (CFA) puncture during cardiac catheterization. Punctures above the inguinal ligament (marking the proximal end of CFA) increase the risk of retroperitoneal hemorrhage and are classified as high punctures.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed 114 CT angiograms for the anatomic relationship of the inguinal ligament to the femoral head (FH) and inferior epigastric artery (IEA). We analyzed 114 CT angiograms and 500 femoral angiograms, for the relation of the mid‐point of CFA to F50 and F75 (the junction of upper 3/4th and lower 1/4th of FH).ResultsThe proximal third of femoral head (F33) (−1.4 mm) and IEA nadir (−2.9 mm) were closer approximations to the inguinal ligament than the IEA origin (−12.8 mm) or cranial end of FH (−15.2 mm). The inguinal ligament correlated better with the IEA nadir than F33 (R2 = 0.49 vs. 0.001). F75 was a closer approximation for the mid‐point of the CFA than F50 (0.3 mm vs. ‐9.2 mm). Using F75 as the target for CFA puncture carried the lowest risk for non‐CFA punctures (18.6%), while using F50 had a 41.2% risk for non‐CFA punctures. F75 had an increased risk for low punctures (14.2%) but F50 had a far higher risk for high punctures (36.6%).ConclusionsThe nadir of IEA is the best landmark for identifying the inguinal ligament (the proximal end of CFA) and defining high punctures. F75 is a more accurate target for successful CFA puncture than F50.
The burrow behavior and influenced factors of a prairie subterranean zokor (Myospalax psilurus)
Authors: Fu He‐Ping , Yuan Shuai , Man Du‐Hu , Chai Xiang‐Xian , Yang Su‐Wen , Bao Dar‐Han , Wu Xiao‐Dong 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe Transbaikal zokor (Myospalax psilurus) is a dominant rodent distributed in the meadow steppe of Inner Mongolia in northern China. Due to long history of evolution in subterranean environment, the zokor has an adaptive behavior: sealing burrow entrances. When a burrow is damaged, exposed entrances appear, and within a relatively short time, the zokor would be active in sealing the entrances to reduce risks to its survival. In general, it is thought that zokors avoid light and wind, which is consistent with their behavior of sealing burrow entrances. However, direct evidence from field experimental research has been lacking. This study set up 68 field sampling points in a meadow steppe in Inner Mongolia from August to September, 2014 and used a wind–light isolator to study the effects of wind and light factors on zokor burrow entrance sealing behavior. The results showed that there were no significant correlations between wind or light factors and the frequency of zokor burrow entrance sealing. Therefore, wind and light factors are not direct factors associated with zokors actively sealing burrow entrances.
A barrier island perspective on species–area relationships
Authors: Scherber Christoph , Andert Hagen , Niedringhaus Rolf , Tscharntke Teja 
Published: December 2018

AbstractPredictions of species richness by island area are a classical cornerstone in ecology, while the specific features of barrier islands have been little appreciated. Many shorelines are occupied by barrier islands, which are shaped by offshore sedimentation processes and annual storm tide events. Hence, the appearance of these islands may vary between years if they are not protected by dykes. Here, we analyzed more than 2,990 species across 36 taxonomic groups (including vertebrates, invertebrates, and land plants) on German barrier islands, the East Frisian Islands. We tested for relationships between species richness or species incidence and island area (SAR), island habitat diversity and further island parameters using a range of generalized linear and mixed‐effects models. Overall species richness was explained best by habitat diversity (Shannon index of habitat types). Analyses on the occurrence probability of individual species showed that changes of barrier island area by sedimentation and erosion, that is, barrier island‐specific dynamics, explained the occurrence of 17 of 34 taxa, including most beetles, plants, and birds. Only six taxa such as spiders (249 species) and mammals (27 species) were primarily related to area. The diversity of habitat types was a key predictor for the incidence of twenty‐five taxa, including ground beetles, true bugs and grasshoppers, amphibians, and reptiles. Overall, richness and incidence of taxa differed greatly in their responses, with area (although varying from 0.1 to 38.9 km2) playing a minor and island heterogeneity a major role, while barrier island‐specific sedimentation and erosion turned out to additionally explain species richness and occurrence.
Brain connection pattern under interoceptive attention state predict interoceptive intensity and subjective anxiety feeling
Authors: Wu Xinran , Shi Liang , Wei Dongtao , Qiu Jiang 
Published: December 2018

AbstractInteroception involves the processing of a variety of different types of information ascending from the body. Accumulating evidence has indicated that interoception plays a fundamental role in cognitive and emotional processes, such as anxiety, but how different functional connectivity patterns contribute to emotions and visceral feelings during an interoceptive attention state is still unclear. In the present study, an interoceptive attention task was performed during functional magnetic resonance imaging of healthy subjects, and the participants' subjective ratings of the intensity of interoception and feelings of anxiety were recorded. Several network nodes were selected, based on previous studies, to construct task‐dependent functional connectivity patterns, which were processed by support vector regression to predict the corresponding feeling scores. The results showed that for interoception, the cingulo‐opercular task control network provided the greatest contribution, whereas the most important feature for anxiety was the connections between the sensorimotor area (SSM) and the salience network (SN). There existed four overlapping connections between the two predictions: two negative connections between the default mode network (DMN) and the SSM, one negative connection between the DMN and the SN, and one positive connection between the ventral attention network and the SN; this overlap might suggest common bodily attention processing that is involved in both interoception and anxiety. This study remediates the lack of network‐level biomarkers of interoception and provides a reference at the level of the brain for further understanding anxiety from an interoceptive perspective.
Two‐year prevalence of dysphagia and related outcomes in head and neck cancer survivors: An updated SEER‐Medicare analysis
Authors: Hutcheson Katherine A. , Nurgalieva Zhannat , Zhao Hui , Gunn Gary B. , Giordano Sharon H. , Bhayani Mihir K. , Lewin Jan S. , Lewis Carol M. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of the study was to examine prevalence of dysphagia at the population level in head and neck cancer (HNC) survivors.MethodsSurveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results‐Medicare claims among 16 194 patients with HNC (2002‐2011) were analyzed to estimate 2‐year prevalence of dysphagia, stricture, and aspiration pneumonia, and derive treatment‐ and site‐specific estimates.ResultsPrevalence of dysphagia, stricture, pneumonia, and aspiration pneumonia was 45.3% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 44.5‐46.1), 10.2% (95% CI: 9.7‐10.7), 26.3% (95% CI: 25.6‐26.9), and 8.6% (95% CI: 8.2‐9.1), respectively. Dysphagia increased by 11.7% over the 10‐year period (P < .001). Prevalence was highest after chemoradiation and multimodality therapy.ConclusionComparing to published rates using similar methodology the preceding decade (1992‐1999), prevalence of dysphagia based on claims data was similar in 2002‐2011 in this study. These results suggest persistence of dysphagia as a highly prevalent morbidity, even in the decade in which highly conformal radiotherapy and minimally invasive surgeries were popularized.
Linear and nonlinear stability of Soret‐Dufour Lapwood convection near double codimension‐2 points
Authors: Attia Abbes , Mamou Mahmoud , Benissaad Smail , Ouazaa Nabil 
Published: December 2018

AbstractIn this study, the Dufour and Soret effects on natural double‐diffusion convection in a horizontal porous layer was studied numerically using FORTRAN 90 programming and analytically near various convection onset thresholds. The porous layer was subject to a uniform heat and mass fluxes on the horizontal walls while the vertical walls were impermeable and adiabatic. The Darcy model along with the Boussinesq approximation was assumed in the problem formulation. The governing parameters of the problem are the thermal Rayleigh number, RT, the buoyancy ratio, N, the Lewis number, Le, the aspect ratio of the cavity, A, and the Dufour, Du, and Soret, Sr, numbers. For a shallow enclosure, the analytical solution was derived assuming zero convection wave number, which is valid near and above criticality. The onset of subcritical, supercritical and oscillatory convection was investigated. Two linear and nonlinear codimension‐2 points were found to exist. Whether the system was subject to constant fluxes and heat and solute, regardless of the aspect ratio of the layer, the subcritical convection behavior remained the same with similarity in the thresholds expressions for subcritical bifurcation.
Tamoxifen therapy benefit predictive signature combining with prognostic signature in surgical‐only ER‐positive breast cancer
Authors: Lv Feng , Jin Wei‐Hua , Zhang Xian‐Lin , Wang Zhong‐Rui , Sun Ai‐Jun 
Published: December 2018

AbstractTamoxifen treatment is important assistant for estrogen‐receptor‐positive breast cancer (BRCA) after resection. This study aimed to identify signatures for predicting the prognosis of patients with BRCA after tamoxifen treatment. Data of gene‐specific DNA methylation (DM), as well as the corresponding clinical data for the patients with BRCA, were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas and followed by systematic bioinformatics analyses. After mapping these DM CPG sites onto genes, we finally obtained 352 relapse‐free survival (RFS) associated DM genes, with which 61,776 gene pairs were combined, including 1,614 gene pairs related to RFS. An 11 gene‐pair signature was identified to cluster the 189 patients with BRCA into the surgical low‐risk group (136 patients) and high‐risk group (53 patients). Then, we further identified a tamoxifen‐predictive signature that could classify surgical high‐risk patients with significant differences on RFS. Combining surgical‐only prognostic signature and tamoxifen‐predictive signature, patients were clustered into surgical‐only low‐risk group, tamoxifen nonbenefit group, and tamoxifen benefit group. In conclusion, we identified that the gene pair PDHA2–APRT could serve as a potential prognostic biomarker for patients with BRCA after tamoxifen treatment.
Subacute ruminal acidosis suppressed the expression of MCT1 in rumen of cows
Authors: Zhao Chenxu , Wang Yazhou , Peng Zhicheng , Sun Xudong , Sun Guoquan , Yuan Xue , Li Xinwei , Liu Guowen 
Published: December 2018

AbstractSubacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) is characterized by the depression of ruminal pH and an increase in the concentrations of short‐chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the rumen of cows. The onset of SARA was linked to the accumulation of SCFAs. However, the mechanism of SCFAs transport is unknown. The proton‐linked monocarboxylate transporter (MCT1) plays a vital role in the transportation of SCFAs. The goal of this study was to elucidate the distribution of MCT1 along the gastrointestinal tract of calves and adult cows; the expression change of MCT1 in SARA cows and the effect of ruminal pH, SCFAs, and LPS on MCT1 expression in rumen epithelial cells in vitro. The results indicated the presence of MCT1 along the gastrointestinal tract of calves and adult cows, most abundantly expressed in the rumen. Importantly, the expression of MCT1 was decreased in the rumen epithelium of SARA cows, and the expression of MCT1 was restored in the SARA treatment group. In vitro, LPS, low rumen fluid pH, high concentrations of SCFAs (90 mM acetate, 40 mM propionate, and 30 mM butyrate), and high concentrations of acetate, propionate, and butyrate, respectively, inhibited the expression of MCT1 in rumen epithelial cells. Taken together, these results indicated that LPS, low ruminal pH, and high concentrations of SCFAs decreased the expression of MCT1, further aggravating the accumulation of SCFAs in the rumen by decreasing the absorption of SCFAs.
AMD3100 inhibits epithelial–mesenchymal transition, cell invasion, and metastasis in the liver and the lung through blocking the SDF‐1α/CXCR4 signaling pathway in prostate cancer
Authors: Zhu Wen‐Bin , Zhao Zhi‐Feng , Zhou Xin 
Published: December 2018

AbstractStromal cell‐derived factor‐1 (SDF‐1) and CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) have been found to be tightly correlated with the progression of prostate cancer (PC). In this study, we investigated the effects of an SDF‐1α/CXCR4 inhibitor, AMD3100, on cell progression and metastasis potential of human PC cells. Human PC cell lines (LNCaP, PC3, and DU145) were cultured to detect SDF‐1α/CXCR4, which showed higher SDF‐1α and CXCR4 expression than the normal human prostate epithelial cell line, RWPE‐1. AMD3100 was confirmed to be an inhibitor of SDF‐1α, and to detect the effect of SDF‐1α/CXCR4 inhibition on PC, PC cells were treated with AMD3100 or/and CXCR4 siRNA. The results suggested that inhibition of the SDF‐1α/CXCR4 pathway could promote the E‐cadherin level but inhibit the levels of invasion and migration of vimentin, N‐cadherin and α5β1 integrin. Finally, tumor formation in nude mice was conducted, and the cell experiment results were verfied. These data show that AMD3100 suppresses epithelial–mesenchymal transition and migration of PC cells by inhibiting the SDF‐1α/CXCR4 signaling pathway, which provides a clinical target in the treatment of PC.
Detection of extracellular vesicles in the mouse vaginal fluid: Their delivery of sperm proteins that stimulate capacitation and modulate fertility
Authors: Fereshteh Zeinab , Bathala Pradeepthi , Galileo Deni S. , Martin‐DeLeon Patricia A. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs) were isolated by ultracentrifugation of vaginal luminal fluid (VLF) from superovulated mice and identified for the first time using transmission electron microscopy. Characterized by size and biochemical markers (CD9 and HSC70), EVs were shown to be both microvesicular and exosomal and were dubbed as “Vaginosomes” (VGS). Vaginal cross‐sections were analyzed to visualize EVs in situ: EVs were present in the lumen and also embedded between squamous epithelial and keratinized cells, consistent with their endogenous origin. Western blots detected Plasma membrane Ca2+‐ATPase 1 (PMCA1) and tyrosine‐phosphorylated proteins in the VGS cargo and also in uterosomes. Flow cytometry revealed that following coincubation of caudal sperm and VLF for 30 min, the frequencies of cells with the highest Sperm adhesion molecule 1 (SPAM1), PMCA1/4, and PMCA1 levels increased 16.4‐, 8.2‐, and 27‐fold, respectively; compared with control coincubated in phosphate buffered saline (PBS). Under identical conditions, sperm tyrosine‐phosphorylated proteins were elevated ~3.3‐fold, after VLF coincubation. Progesterone‐induced acrosome reaction (AR) rates were significantly (p < 0.001) elevated in sperm coincubated with VGS for 10–30 min, compared with PBS. Sperm artificially deposited in the vaginas of superovulated females for these periods also showed significant (p < 0.01) increases in AR rates, compared with PBS. Thus in vitro and in vivo, sperm acquire from the vaginal environment factors that induce capacitation, explaining recent findings for their acrosomal status in the isthmus. Overall, VGS appear to deliver higher levels of proteins involved in preventing premature capacitation and AR than those promoting them. Our findings which have implications for humans open the possibility of new approaches to infertility treatment with exosome therapeutics.
Dynamic changes of urinary proteins in a rat model of acute hypercoagulable state induced by tranexamic acid
Authors: Jing Jian , Du Zhenhuan , Wen Zhang , Jiang Bo , He Bixi 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe hypercoagulable state leads to the development of thrombotic diseases, but it is difficult to diagnose due to the lack of available biomarkers. This study aimed to investigate systematic changes of the urinary proteome in the acute hypercoagulable state. A rat model of the acute hypercoagulable state was induced by an antifibrinolytic agent tranexamic acid and urine samples were collected for proteomic analysis by liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry. A total of 28 differential proteins were detected in the urinary proteome of the model rats, of which 12 had been previously considered as candidate biomarkers such as myoglobin, and 10 had been considered stable in healthy human urine. Of the 28 differentially expressed proteins 18 had counterparts in humans. Of these 18 proteins, 10 were members of the human core urinary proteome distributed in a variety of human tissues but concentrated in the urinary and digestive systems. Fumarylacetoacetase was verified as a potential marker of the acute hypercoagulable state by Western blot analysis. In conclusion, urine proteome analysis is a powerful approach to identify potential biomarkers of acute hypercoagulable state.