bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of radiomics tools for image analyses and clinical prediction in nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Liang Zhong-Guo , Tan Hong Qi , Zhang Fan , Rui Tan Lloyd Kuan , Lin Li , Lenkowicz Jacopo , Wang Haitao , Wen Ong Enya Hui , Kusumawidjaja Grace , Phua Jun Hao , Gan Soon Ann , Sin Sze Yarn , Ng Yan Yee , Kiat Tan Terence Wee , Soong Yoke Lim , Fong Kam Weng , Park Sung Yong , Soo Khee-Chee , Seng Wee Joseph Tien , Zhu Xiao-Dong , Valentini Vincenzo , Boldrini Luca , Sun Ying , Kiang Chua Melvin Lee 
Published: August 2019

Objective:
Radiomics pipelines have been developed to extract novel information from radiological images, which may help in phenotypic profiling of tumours that would correlate to prognosis. Here, we compared two publicly available pipelines for radiomics analyses on head and neck CT and MRI in nasopharynx cancer (NPC).

Methods and materials:
100 biopsy-proven NPC cases stratified by T- and N-categories were enrolled in this study. Two radiomics pipeline, Moddicom (v. 0.51) and Pyradiomics (v. 2.1.2) were used to extract radiomics features of CT and MRI. Segmentation of primary gross tumour volume was performed using Velocity v. 4.0 by consensus agreement between three radiation oncologists. Intraclass correlation between common features of the two pipelines was analysed by Spearman’s rank correlation. Unsupervised hierarchical clustering was used to determine association between radiomics features and clinical parameters.

Results:
We observed a high proportion of correlated features in the CT data set, but not for MRI; 76.1% (51 of 67 common between Moddicom and Pyradiomics) of CT features and 28.6% (20 of 70 common) of MRI features were significantly correlated. Of these, 100% were shape-related for both CT and MRI, 100 and 23.5% were first-order-related, 61.9 and 19.0% were texture-related, respectively. This interpipeline heterogeneity affected the downstream clustering with known prognostic clinical parameters of cTN-status and GTVp. Nonetheless, shape features were the most reproducible predictors of clinical parameters among the different radiomics modules.

Conclusion:
Here, we highlighted significant heterogeneity between two publicly available radiomics pipelines that could affect the downstream association with prognostic clinical factors in NPC

Advances in knowledge:
The present study emphasized the broader importance of selecting stable radiomics features for disease phenotyping, and it is necessary prior to any investigation of multicentre imaging datasets to validate the stability of CT-related radiomics features for clinical prognostication.
Evaluation of a new image reconstruction method for digital breast tomosynthesis: effects on the visibility of breast lesions and breast density
Authors: Krammer Julia , Zolotarev Sergei , Hillman Inge , Karalis Konstantinos , Stsepankou Dzmitry , Vengrinovich Valeriy , Hesser Jürgen , M. Svahn Tony 
Published: August 2019

Objective: To compare image quality and breast density of two reconstruction methods, the widely-used filtered-back projection (FBP) reconstruction and the iterative heuristic Bayesian inference reconstruction (Bayesian inference reconstruction plus the method of total variation applied, HBI). Methods: Thirty-two clinical DBT data sets with malignant and benign findings, n = 27 and 17, respectively, were reconstructed using FBP and HBI. Three experienced radiologists evaluated the images independently using a 5-point visual grading scale and classified breast density according to the American College of Radiology Breast Imaging-Reporting And Data System Atlas, fifth edition. Image quality metrics included lesion conspicuity, clarity of lesion borders and spicules, noise level, artifacts surrounding the lesion, visibility of parenchyma and breast density. Results: For masses, the image quality of HBI reconstructions was superior to that of FBP in terms of conspicuity,clarity of lesion borders and spicules (p < 0.01). HBI and FBP were not significantly different in calcification conspicuity. Overall, HBI reduced noise and supressed artifacts surrounding the lesions better (p < 0.01). The visibility of fibroglandular parenchyma increased using the HBI method (p < 0.01). On average, five cases per radiologist were downgraded from BI-RADS breast density category C/D to A/B. Conclusion: HBI significantly improves lesion visibility compared to FBP. HBI-visibility of breast parenchyma increased, leading to a lower breast density rating. Applying the HBIR algorithm should improve the diagnostic performance of DBT and decrease the need for additional imaging in patients with dense breasts. Advances in knowledge: Iterative heuristic Bayesian inference (HBI) image reconstruction substantially improves the image quality of breast tomosynthesis leading to a better visibility of breast carcinomas and reduction of the perceived breast density compared to the widely-used filtered-back projection (FPB) reconstruction. Applying HBI should improve the accuracy of breast tomosynthesis and reduce the number of unnecessary breast biopsies. It may also reduce the radiation dose for the patients, which is especially important in the screening context.
Wood-decaying fungi found in Southern Ghana: A potential source of new anti-infective compounds
Authors: Aboagye Samuel Yaw , Amarh Vincent , Lartey Paul A. , Arthur Patrick Kobina 
Published: August 2019

Background: Discovery of bioactive natural products are instrumental for development of novel antibiotics. The discovery and development of natural products such as penicillin represented a major milestone in the treatment of bacterial infections. Currently, many antibiotics have lost their relevance in clinics due to the emergence of drug-resistant microbial pathogens. Hence, there is the need for continuous search of new compounds endowed with potent antimicrobial activity. In this study, wood-decaying fungi (WDF) from Southern Ghana were explored for their potential as sources of novel antimicrobial compounds with intent of expanding the effort into a drug discovery programme in the near future. Methods: A total of 54 WDF isolates were fermented in potato dextrose broth and the secondary metabolites obtained were analyzed for the presence of antimicrobial agents using the disc diffusion assay. Chromatography techniques were used for preliminary analysis of the chemical composition of the extracts and for fractionation of the extracts that showed antimicrobial activity. Results: The extracts from 40 out of the 54 WDF isolates exhibited significant antimicrobial activity against either Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli or Candida albicans. Fractionation of these bioactive extracts, followed by bioassay of the organic fractions obtained, indicate that extracts exhibiting antimicrobial activity against more than one of the three test organisms could be attributed to the presence of different bioactive compounds. Analysis of the composition of the extracts revealed that terpenes were predominant. Conclusions: This study suggests that a significant proportion of WDF in Southern Ghana produce antimicrobial compounds which could be potential sources of novel anti-infective agents and support the plans of developing a drug discovery programme in Ghana based on the fermentation of WDF.
Significados de la actividad física en la cotidianidad. Los lugares de la belleza y el placer en una práctica de salud
Authors: Hormiga Sánchez, PhD Claudia Milena , Alzate Posada, PhD Martha Lucía , Cortés-García, PhD Claudia Margarita 
Published: August 2019

Introducción: la visión de la actividad física como experiencia cotidiana, determinada en parte por la organización social, es importante para entender y promover su práctica, dados los beneficios en salud que conlleva. Se realizó un estudio cualitativo interpretativo enfocado en los significados de la actividad física y su práctica en la cotidianidad de hombres y mujeres de Santander. Participaron 20 mujeres y 21 hombres, escogidos a partir de un muestreo teórico. Desarrollo: la actividad física se entiende como, principalmente, como el movimiento corporal que requiere de esfuerzo superior al del diario vivir, el cual constituye un medio para cuidar la salud y lograr un cuerpo ‘normal’. Se trata también de una práctica generizada, que generiza la apariencia y es fuente de placer para sus practicantes. Conclusiones: en los significados de la actividad física, se observan elementos de las recomendaciones poblacionales sobre actividad física y el enlace entre el peso corporal ‘normal’, la salud y la belleza, conceptos alimentados por el discurso biomédico según el cual el riesgo de enfermar es una consecuencia de las elecciones que hacen las personas sobre su estilo de vida. Estas nociones coexisten con otras sobre la actividad física y el cuerpo, las cuales trazan una ruptura entre el significado de la actividad física y su práctica. A partir de estas, se dilucida un aspecto central del proceso reflexivo detrás de la práctica de actividad física: la conciencia corporal que motiva y acompaña su práctica, en parte proporcionada por el placer que produce la experiencia corporal íntima de la actividad física.
CONTENIDO ESENCIAL Y PONDERACIÓN DE LOS DERECHOS FUNDAMENTALES: DE LOS MODELOS RECÍPROCOS Y COMPLEMENTARIOS
Authors: Espinoza José Luis Leal , Sánchez Rogelio López 
Published: August 2019

Los modelos más relevantes según la doctrina especializada enargumentación constitucional para resolver conflictos y asignar significado a los Derechos Fundamentales son la teoría del contenido esencial y el modelo de la ponderación. Para el primer modelo, la concreción de normas de Derechos Fundamentales proviene de una determinación previa, asignada por el legislador, en tanto que el segundo modelo defiende una postura a través de la cual la concreción de un derecho fundamental proviene de los límites externos cuando éstos se encuentran en conflicto con otros, en aras de su plena realización. Nuestro objetivo consiste en demostrar que a pesar de que existe una aparente dicotomía entre ambos, éstos se complementan, cuando el juez asigna significado y concreta la deontología contenida en las Cartas Constitucionales.
QUALIDADE DA ÁGUA: UM ENFOQUE JURÍDICO E INSTITUCIONAL DO REÚSO INDIRETO PARA FINS POTÁVEIS
Authors: Granziera Maria Luiza Machado 
Published: August 2019

O artigo trata do reúso indireto não planejado de água para fins potáveisno Brasil, tema associado à qualidade e à gestão dos recursos hídricos. O estudo parte de uma análise das normas sobre qualidade da água, abordando a realidade da diluição de efluentes domésticos à luz das normas vigentes. O objetivo é demonstrar a importância da articulação institucional e da governança entre União, Estados e Municípios na solução dos problemas da poluição da água causada pelos esgotos domésticos. A metodologia constitui-se de pesquisa exploratória e qualitativa, utilizando bibliografia baseada em doutrina, princípios e normas relacionadas ao assunto. Concluiu-se que uma forma adequada de enfrentar o problema consiste na articulação entre o planejamento das bacias hidrográficas e os planos municipais de saneamento básico, grande desafio para os atores envolvidos no processo.
DESAFIOS DA REGULAÇÃO TRIBUTÁRIA EM TEMPOS DE TECNOLOGIAS DISRUPTIVAS
Authors: Payão Jordana Viana , Rossignoli Marisa 
Published: August 2019

O objetivo do presente trabalho é a análise dos desafios da regulaçãotributária em tempos de tecnologias disruptivas. Questiona-se se há pertinência tributária in casu e, caso afirmativo, quais as consequências da tributação? O ordenamento jurídico vigente prevê regulação adequada e passível de incidência? Como reagirá o contribuinte em face das imposições tributárias? Como alcançar um nível ótimo de tributação, aliando eficiência aos demais princípios tributários? Para responder às questões postas, o estudo é desenvolvido sob a perspectiva da análise econômica do Direito (Law and Economics) desenvolvida por RichardPosner, aliado à Teoria dos Sistemas de Niklas Luhmann, de modo a permitir uma visão interdisciplinar e complexa da temática, aliado à pesquisa bibliográfica nacional e estrangeira, utilizando-se o método dedutivo como base da pesquisa. Dentre os possíveis caminhos, destacam-se a regulação em novos moldes, a autorregulação, a adaptação do ordenamento jurídico vigente e a adaptação aos novos contornos da economia disruptiva.
New considerations in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for severe combined immunodeficiency: how did newborn screening change our field, and can we finally brake the glass ceiling for haploidentical transplantation?
Authors: Marcus Nufar 
Published: August 2019

Pioneered in 1968, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) first cured a patient with severe combined immune deficiency (SCID) transplanted from a matched sibling, bringing hope for this previously fatal disease. Since then, HSCT has become the standard of care treatment for SCID with thousands of patients transplanted successfully worldwide. Initially successful mainly in patients with a matched sibling donor and in specific easier to transplant types of SCID, nowadays, most patients with SCID undergo successful transplantation due to HSCT technique advances. These include refined human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-tissue typing, use of alternative donors, availability of new stem cell sources such as umbilical cord blood, less toxic chemotherapeutic conditioning, as well as improved graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) prophylaxis. Other factors contributing to the success of transplantation include the improvement of supportive care by molecular detection of viral infections, enabling preemptive antiviral treatment before organ damage occurs. Increased awareness for primary immunodeficiency disorders (PID), leading to earlier diagnosis and referral to specialist centers, has been another important factor in successfully transplanting SCID patients. A major game changer in the last decade has been the implementation of neonatal screening for SCID. This increased early diagnosis, allowing for this disease to be almost universally diagnosed soon after birth in countries which included this test in their newborn screening program. As a result, early and optimal transplant timing and conditions could be achieved. However, very early diagnosis also raised new questions regarding SCID patients with a “leaky” phenotype, as well as dilemmas regarding transplant and conditioning regimens in very young infants. With improved diagnosis and treatment options, overall survival has increased to over 90% for SCID babies with a genoidentical donor and similar results are emerging for matched unrelated donor HSCT. Due to new advances, we hope to achieve similar results for those given HSCT from haploidentical donors as well. This review will focus on the new considerations in HSCT seen in recent years, and examines the effect they have had on treatment options and outcomes for SCID patients. Statement of novelty: The field of HSCT has advanced considerably since the first successful SCID bone marrow transplant in 1968. However, success rates have been limited due to delayed diagnosis and poor outcome of patients for which a HLA-matched donor could not be found. This review will discuss recent advances occurring in the last decade in HSCT for SCID, and our hopes to bring cure to this once fatal disease.
Two Classes of Nonlinear Singular Dirichlet Problems with Natural Growth: Existence and Asymptotic Behavior
Authors: Zhang Zhijun 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis paper is concerned with the existence, uniqueness and asymptotic behavior of classical solutions to two classes of models-△⁢u±λ⁢|∇⁡u|2uβ=b⁢(x)⁢u-α{-\triangle u\pm\lambda\frac{|\nabla u|^{2}}{u^{\beta}}=b(x)u^{-\alpha}},u>0{u>0},x∈Ω{x\in\Omega},u|∂⁡Ω=0{u|_{\partial\Omega}=0}, where Ω is a bounded domain with smooth boundary inℝN{\mathbb{R}^{N}},λ>0{\lambda>0},β>0{\beta>0},α>-1{\alpha>-1}, andb∈Clocν⁢(Ω){b\in C^{\nu}_{\mathrm{loc}}(\Omega)}for someν∈(0,1){\nu\in(0,1)}, andbis positive in Ω but may be vanishing or singular on∂⁡Ω{\partial\Omega}. Our approach is largely based on nonlinear transformations and the construction of suitable sub- and super-solutions.
A Robust Finite Element Method for Elastic Vibration Problems
Authors: Guo Yuling , Huang Jianguo 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
A robust finite element method is introduced for solving elastic vibration problems in two dimensions. The temporal discretization is carried out using the

P
1

{P_{1}}

-continuous discontinuous Galerkin (CDG) method, while the spatial discretization is based on the Crouziex–Raviart (CR) element. It is shown after a technical derivation that the error of the displacement (resp. velocity) in the energy norm (resp.

L
2

{L^{2}}

norm) is bounded by

O
⁢

(

h
+
k

)

{O(h+k)}

(resp.

O
⁢

(

h
2

+
k

)

{O(h^{2}+k)}

), where h and k denote the mesh sizes of the subdivisions in space and time, respectively. Under some regularity assumptions on the exact solution, the error bound is independent of the Lamé coefficients of the elastic material under discussion. A series of numerical results are offered to illustrate numerical performance of the proposed method and some other fully discrete methods for comparison.
Voltage Control Methods in the MV Grid with a Large Share of PV
Authors: Farkas Csaba , Tóth András , Orlay Imre 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The traditional distribution grid is operated radially and has passive consumers that only draw power from the grid but feed nothing back This operation is already under change so the traditional voltage regulation methods currently used in distribution systems need major modifications if we are to uphold the proper quality of electricity supply. In our paper we present the possible impact photovoltaic generation will likely have on the medium voltage grid and the means to lessen these impacts: we investigate various control options for solar inverters and a line voltage regulator as well. Simulation results indicate that the voltage profile can be maintained within the allowed limits with these regulation methods.
Zum Korpus der Leges barbarorum und seiner graphisch-phonologischen Auswertung
Authors: Stricker Stefanie 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Volkssprachige Wörter in den lateinisch verfassten germanischen Stammesrechten, den sogenannten Leges barbarorum, bilden den ältesten Quellenkomplex der schriftlichen Überlieferung des Deutschen. Dieses Wortgut wird derzeit in einem Bamberger Projekt aus den Quellen erhoben und unter semantischen, morphologischen und grammatischen Aspekten analysiert. Der Beitrag will nach einer Einführung in die Quellenlage, in das Korpus und das Datenbankkonzept die Lex Baiuvariorum und die Lex Alamannorum unter graphisch-phonologischen Aspekten untersuchen und diese Ergebnisse mit den an der frühen Glossenüberlieferung des Altoberdeutschen gewonnenen vergleichen. Ziel ist es, der forschungsgeschichtlich alten Frage nach der Unterscheidbarkeit des Altalemannischen und Altbairischen erstmals unter Einbeziehung der frühen Legesüberlieferung nachzugehen.
Double Entendre in Exodus 34: Revisiting the קרן of Moses
Authors: Jarrard Eric X. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This article argues the קרן of Moses is best understood as a double entendre depicting a horned and radiant Moses. It reviews the biblical instances of קרן identifying lexicographical evidence to suggest that קרן should be interpreted as »horns« and also appeals to ancient Near Eastern iconography, in particular noting the popular »sun-god in his boat« motif of Shamash. The combined evidence suggests a double entendre used specifically for its ability to represent two prominent physical characteristics of YHWH that are imposed onto the face of Moses when he speaks face-to-face with YHWH.
Gesetz und Erzählung in Num 15: Redaktionsgeschichtliche Überlegungen zum Sabbatsünder (Num 15,32–36)
Authors: Röhrig Meike 
Published: August 2019

Zusammenfassung
Num 15,32–36 illustriert nicht nur das »Sündigen mit erhobener Hand« in Num 15,30, sondern ist eine sekundäre Auslegung zu Num 15,22–31 insgesamt, mit denen Vv. 32–36 ein programmatisches System sühnbarer und nicht sühnbarer Sünden und ihrer Sanktionen bietet. Num 15,32–36 nimmt zudem auf Lev 24,10–23 Bezug: Die Sabbatübertretung hat wie das Handeln des Halbägypters in Lev 24,10–23 in erster Linie illustrierende Funktion und ist nicht selbst primärer Reflexionsgegenstand. Die Wahl gerade eines Sabbatvergehens erklärt sich aus der Stellung von Num 15,32–36 im Erzählverlauf der Wüstenwanderung.
Practitioner Perceptions of Evidence-Based Practice in Elite Sport in the United States of America
Authors: Fullagar Hugh H.K. , Harper Liam D. , Govus Andrew , McCunn Robert , Eisenmann Joey , McCall Alan 
Published: August 2019

AbstractFullagar, HHK, Harper, LD, Govus, A, McCunn, R, Eisenmann, J, and McCall, A. Practitioner perceptions of evidence-based practice in elite sport in the United States of America.J Strength Cond Res33(11): 2897–2904, 2019—Practitioners' perceptions regarding the use and effectiveness of research evidence in sport is not well understood. The purpose of the present study was to examine practitioners' perceptions around the use, implementation, and barriers to evidence-based practice (EBP) in sport science in the United States of America (USA). A survey (28 items) was completed by 67 full-time staff who were a physical performance team member employed by universities or professional sporting organizations in the USA. Questions included the use of research, contribution of research areas, barriers to accessing and implementing EBP, and methods of feedback to the coach and players. All respondents (100%) stated they used research evidence in their performance/training program, ranking research as contributing most (largest contribution = 1 to smallest contribution = 4) to individualized preparation or recovery recommendations (1.98 ± 1.02). The top 3 preferred sources of information were “peer-reviewed research” (100% of respondents), “conferences/seminars” (76%), and “practitioners within your sport” (63%). Commonly reported perceived barriers between accessing and implementing research were “lack of staff” (accessing = 33%, implementing = 46%) “time” (accessing = 38%, implementing = 48%) and nonapplicable research (accessing = 33%, implementing = 37%), whereas “poor player compliance” was a clear barrier to implementing EBP (56%). Practitioners most preferred, and actual, method of feedback for coaching staff (87% for both) and players (94 and 95%, respectively) was “informal conversations/speaking.” Improved access to educational and financial resources, increased integration of staff in coach settings and understanding of player/coach contexts may help to alleviate barriers to EBP.