bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Low‐Income Texas Women's Experiences Accessing Their Desired Contraceptive Method at the First Postpartum Visit
Authors: Coleman‐Minahan Kate , Dillaway Chloe H. , Canfield Caitlin , Kuhn Daniela M. , Strandberg Katherine S. , Potter Joseph E. 
Published: December 2018

CONTEXTEarly access to contraception may increase postpartum contraceptive use. However, little is known about women's experiences receiving their desired method at the first postpartum visit or how access is associated with use.METHODSIn a 2014–2016 prospective cohort study of low‐income Texas women, data were collected from 685 individuals who desired a reversible contraceptive and discussed contraception with a provider at their first postpartum visit, usually within six weeks of birth. Women's experiences were captured using open‐ and closed‐ended survey questions. Thematic and multivariate logistic regression analyses were employed to examine contraceptive access and barriers, and method use at three months postpartum.RESULTSTwenty‐three percent of women received their desired method at the first postpartum visit; 11% a prescription for their desired pill, patch or ring; 8% a method (or prescription) other than that desired; and 58% no method. Among women who did not receive their desired method, 44% reported clinic‐level barriers (e.g., method unavailability or no same‐day provision), 26% provider‐level barriers (e.g., inaccurate contraceptive counseling) and 23% cost barriers. Women who used private practices were more likely than those who used public clinics to report availability and cost barriers (odds ratios, 6.4 and 2.7, respectively). Forty‐one percent of women who did not receive their desired method, compared with 86% of those who did, were using that method at three months postpartum.CONCLUSIONEliminating the various barriers that postpartum women face may improve their access to contraceptives. Further research is needed to improve the understanding of clinic‐ and provider‐level barriers.
Metagenomics to Assist in the Diagnosis of Bloodstream Infection
Authors: Greninger Alexander L , Naccache Samia N 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBackgroundMetagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) has emerged as a promising technology that enables pan-pathogen detection from any source. However, clinical utility and practical integration into the clinical microbiology work flow and a bloodstream infection detection algorithm are currently uncharted. In the context of bloodstream infections, the challenges associated with blood culture, including sensitivity, postantibiotic treatment, attaining sufficient volumes sufficient volumes, and turnaround time, are well-known. Molecular assays have helped expedite turnaround time, especially when performed directly from positive culture media bottles. mNGS offers an unbiased but more complex version of molecular testing directly from sample, but it is unclear how and if it should be implemented in the clinical microbiology laboratory today.ContentHere we map out the potential utility and application of mNGS tests to infectious disease diagnostics from blood sources, including intrinsic limitations of the methodology in diagnosing bloodstream infections and sepsis vs DNAemia, current barriers to integration into routine workup, and milestones that may need to be met before implementation.SummaryPolymerases and pores move faster than bugs divide, so the thermodynamics of mNGS adoption for bloodstream infection is favorable. Nonetheless, considerable activation barriers exist that will slow this likely diagnostic transition. We eagerly await the manufacturer who designs an integrated sample-to-answer box to do for mNGS what has been done for other aspects of molecular detection.
Novel Methods for the Quantification of Dipeptidyl Peptidase 3 (DPP3) Concentration and Activity in Human Blood Samples
Authors: Rehfeld Linda , Funk Eugenia , Jha Shalinee , Macheroux Peter , Melander Olle , Bergmann Andreas 
Published: December 2018

Abstract

Background
The ubiquitously expressed dipeptidyl peptidase 3 (DPP3) is involved in protein metabolism, blood pressure regulation, and pain modulation. These diverse functions of DPP3 are attributed to the degradation of bioactive peptides like angiotensin II. However, because of limitations in currently available assays for determination of active DPP3 in plasma, the exact physiological function of DPP3 and its role in the catabolism of bioactive peptides is understudied. Here, we developed 2 assays to specifically detect and quantify DPP3 protein and activity in plasma and validated DPP3 quantification in samples from critically ill patients.

Methods
Assay performance was evaluated in a sandwich-type luminometric immunoassay (LIA) and an enzyme capture activity assay (ECA). DPP3 plasma concentrations and activities were detected in a healthy, population-based cohort and in critically ill patients suffering from severe sepsis and septic shock.

Results
The DPP3-LIA and DPP3-ECA show an almost ideal correlation and very similar and robust performance characteristics. DPP3 activity is detectable in plasma of predominantly healthy subjects with a mean (±SD) of 58.6 (±20.5) U/L. Septic patients show significantly increased DPP3 plasma activity at hospital admission. DPP3 activities further increase in patients with more severe conditions and high mortality risk.

Conclusion
We developed 2 highly specific assays for the detection of DPP3 in plasma. These assays allow the use of DPP3 as a biomarker for the severity of acute clinical conditions and will be of great value for future investigations of DPP3's role in bioactive peptide degradation in general and the angiotensin II pathway in specific.
Direct Detection of Pathogens in Bloodstream During Sepsis: Are We There Yet?
Authors: Samuel Linoj 
Published: December 2018

Abstract

Background
Advances in medicine have improved our understanding of sepsis, but it remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality. The detection of pathogens that cause sepsis remains a challenge for clinical microbiology laboratories.

Content
Routine blood cultures are time-consuming and are negative in a large proportion of cases, leading to excessive use of broad-spectrum antimicrobials. Molecular testing direct from patient blood without the need for incubation has the potential to fill the gaps in our diagnostic armament and complement blood cultures to provide results in a timely manner. Currently available platforms show promise but have yet to definitively address gaps in sensitivity and specificity.

Summary
Significant strides have been made in the detection of pathogens directly from blood. A number of hurdles, however, remain before this technology can be adapted for routine use.
Factors Affecting Consumer Acceptance of Digital Financial Inclusion; An Anecdotal Evidence from Bogor City
Authors: Wibella Nevvi , Fahmi Idqan , Saptono Imam Teguh 
Published: December 2018

Various surveys have been conducted over the past few years indicating financial access in Indonesia is still not good. Digital Financial Inclusion (DFI) which is a digital access to use of formal financial services by underserved populations to solve those problems. The success of the DFI services were not only determined by the service provider, but also by the acceptance of the users. The TAM (Technology Acceptance Model) model offers a powerful and simple explanation of the factors that affect user acceptance of a technology. The main purpose of this study was to understanding consumer acceptance of using DFI which was investigated and measured by several factors through the TAM model ie; perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, perceived credibility, intention to use, and actual use. The population of this research was conducted in Bogor City because the level of financial inclusion in Bogor City was low but the digital development was quite good. And total sample was 134 respondent.The PLS SEM analysis showed that perceived usefulness has no significant effect (p> 0.05) to intention to use DFI services but perceived ease of use and credibility has significant (p <0.05) and positive effect to consumer interest in using DFI services. Perceived credibility is the most influencing consumer interest in using DFI service because it has the highest coefficient value. The results of this study were expected to improve the development and acceptance of DFI services.
Postheroisches Management in Bibliotheken
Authors: Baecker Dirk 
Published: December 2018

Zusammenfassung
Der Beitrag stellt die Idee des postheroischen Managements im Kontext der Entwicklung organischer anstelle mechanischer Managementsysteme sowie der digitalen Transformation der modernen Buchdruckgesellschaft in eine „nächste“ Computergesellschaft vor und skizziert die Idee einer agilen Produktentwicklung in heterarchischen Netzwerkstrukturen organisationalen Handelns.1
Bibliotheken im Wandel müssen als lernende Organisationen agieren
Authors: Düren Petra 
Published: December 2018

Zusammenfassung
Um den stetigen Wandel, dem sich öffentliche und wissenschaftliche Bibliotheken ausgesetzt sehen, bewältigen zu können, müssen sich Bibliotheken zu lernenden Organisationen entwickeln, d. h., nicht nur auf neue Anforderungen von außen reagieren, sondern aktiv und kreativ die eigene Zukunft gestalten, indem sie ihre Fähigkeiten kontinuierlich erweitern.
Hierzu ist Wissensmanagement notwendig. In Öffentlichen und Wissenschaftlichen Bibliotheken gibt es bereits gute Beispiele von Bibliotheken, die sich hin zu einer lernenden Organisation entwickeln, von denen einige hier vorgestellt werden.
Die Burgenländische Landesbibliothek – ein offenes Fenster nach Osten
Authors: Perschy Jakob Michael 
Published: December 2018

Zusammenfassung
Das heutige Burgenland wurde nach dem I. Weltkrieg aufgrund des Vertrages von Trianon 1921 von Ungarn an Österreich abgetreten und bildet seit damals ein Bundesland der Republik Österreich. Die „Burgenländische Landesbibliothek“ konnte bei ihrer Gründung im Jahre 1922 gerade einmal auf einem Grundstock in Form einer Dublettenspende von knapp 3 000 Bänden der Österreichischen Nationalbibliothek aufbauen. In ihren ersten Jahren hauptsächlich als eine Art Handbibliothek für Regierung und Verwaltung genützt, wandelte sie sich bald in eine landeskundliche Forschungsbibliothek mit starkem historischen Schwerpunkt. Dies brachte mit sich, dass eine große Zahl an Schriftgut aus dem vormaligen Königreich Ungarn in die Bestände einfloss; ein geschichts­bedingter Umstand, dem auch heute noch, bei einem Gesamtbestand von 140 000 Bänden, Rechnung getragen wird, was diese Bibliothek zu einem weit offenen Fenster nach Osten macht.
Die Universitäten digitalisieren sich
Authors: Neuhausen Hubertus 
Published: December 2018

Zusammenfassung
Der Prozess, in dem sich Hochschulen digitalisieren, bietet ein komplexes und widersprüchliches Bild. Im Folgenden wird zuerst versucht, einen Eindruck zu vermitteln, was Digitalisierung von Hochschulen bedeutet und wie weit dieser Prozess vorangeschritten ist. Angestrebt wird eine Darstellung des Prozesses im Überblick: Es sollen vornehmlich die Dynamiken und die Potentiale dieser Entwicklungen aufgezeigt werden. In einem zweiten Schritt richtet sich der Blick darauf, welchen Platz Universitätsbibliotheken in den sich digitalisierenden und digitalisierten Hochschulen einnehmen und welche Veränderungen infolge dessen notwendig sind.
Are Academic Libraries Changing Fast Enough?
Authors: Horstmann Wolfram 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Academic libraries are under a severe pressure of transforming towards a novel form of information organization. Book circulation, learning space and licensing digital content continue to be core services. But the sciences and the humanities are increasingly requesting support for their novel publishing activities. Open Access in science or digital editions in the humanities, and data-intensive operations in research, e.g. data management plans, research software support or data curation and preservation services become mission critical. Thus, in order to stay the central partner for academic information within the institution, libraries need to change. But how fast could libraries possibly change, if the existing services were also to be continued, particularly considering that budget increases are rare? Experiences at the State and University Library Göttingen (SUB) shall elucidate opportunities and challenges.
National Library of the Netherlands on Transformation
Authors: van den Berg Marc 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
After a short introduction to the Koninklijke Bibliotheek (KB), the article deals with the question, why The National Library of The Netherlands (KB) needed to transform. Major challenges are discussed: e.g. new roles for KB in the public library domain and the more general transformation towards a digital business. Next, the article describes strategy: how to transform, following both internal and external drivers? At the end a short overview of current status and results are given.
Being Evidence Based Makes Sense!
Authors: Hallam Gillian 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThis article presents a brief introduction to EBLIP, from its initial foundations in the health sciences to its application in contemporary libraries. The key elements of the EBLIP model are explained and its application in professional practice is illustrated through brief case studies drawn from academic, public and special libraries. The ultimate goals of EBLIP are to improve the quality of the decisions we make, to demonstrate the value of the services and programs we provide and to secure the long-term support of our funding bodies.
Personal Data and Contract Law: Challenges and Concerns about the Economic Exploitation of the Right to Data Protection
Authors: Versaci Giuseppe 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
The so-called ‘free’ digital business models – users are not requested to pay a price, but to disclose personal data – are a very common reality. To tackle this phenomenon, the European Commission’s proposal of Directive on contracts for the supply of digital content used the concept of personal data as counter-performance. This stance proved to be quite problematic. It has been opposed by the European Data Protection Supervisor (EDPS) arguing that it should not be possible to subject the fundamental right to data protection to a commercial transaction. This article dwells upon the economic exploitability of the right to data protection, showing that Article 8 of the EU Charter of fundamental rights and the related case law of the CJEU do not justify the concerns raised by the EDPS. This seems to be confirmed by the fact that the legal traditions of the EU Member States recognize that personality rights can be the object of a contract, although they limit to a certain extent the private autonomy of the parties. Thus, the commodification of personal data – like the commodification of other incorporeal attributes of personality – is not banned. Rather, there is now a policy issue about how to handle the risk of personalized discrimination and the problem of inequality of bargaining power in digital business models based on personal data. In this respect, political decisions should not be too affected by conceptual barriers between data protection law and contract law. In line with this position, the author argues that the economic exploitation of the right to data protection should not be considered a waiver of the same right.
Wrapped and Stacked: ‘Smart Contracts’ and the Interaction of Natural and Formal Language
Authors: Allen J.G. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
This article explores ‘smart contracts’ from first principles: What they are, whether they are properly called ‘contracts’, and what issues they raise for national contract law. A ‘smart’ contract purports to record contractual promises in language which is both intelligible to human beings and (ultimately) executable by machines. The formalisation of contracting language that this entails is, I argue, the most important aspect for lawyers—just as important as the automation of contractual performance. Rather than taking a doctrinal approach focused on the presence of traditional indicia of contract formation, I examine the nature of contracts as legal entities created by words and documents. In most cases, smart contracts will be ‘wrapped in paper’ and nested in a national legal system. Borrowing from the idiom of computer science, I introduce the term ‘contract stack’ to highlight the complex nature of contracts as legal entities incorporating different ‘layers’, including speech acts by the parties in both natural and formal languages as well as mandatory legal rules. It is the interactions within this contract stack that will be most important to the development of contract law doctrines appropriate to smart contracts. To illustrate my points, I explore a few issues that smart contracts might raise for English contract law. I touch on the questions of illegality, jurisdiction, and evidence, but my focus in this paper is on exploring issues in contract law proper. This contribution should be helpful not only to lawyers attempting to understand smart contracts, but to those involved in coding smart contracts—and writing the languages used to code them.
Emotive misunderstanding within an extended relevance theory
Authors: Zuo Baiyao 
Published: December 2018

AbstractWhat is intended by the communicator and what is recovered by the addressee could be inconsistent, even if the informative intention is recognized. To account for misunderstandings in emotive communication, an extended relevance theory is proposed by including the analysis of “emotive effects” and “affective intention”. The extended relevance theory allows for analyzing the production of emotive misunderstandings. The influences of interlocutors’ egocentrism on the expression and recognition of affective intention are also presented.
The katochoi of Zeus at Baitokaike (Hoson Sulaiman, Syria)
Authors: Ahmad Tarek 
Published: December 2018

AbstractWhile a well-known term from Greek literature, katochoi possessed a particular religious meaning within the Near East during the Hellenistic and Roman periods. Since the first publication of documents relating to this term, it has been a topic of scholarly debate as to the nature of the katochoi themselves. This paper will elaborate upon the role of the katochoi at Baitokaike (modern Hoson Sulaiman in Syria) in order to define better their institution and analyze their involvement in the site’s long-term history within the economic, social, and religious context of the settlement and its sanctuary.
The Audience of Ammianus Marcellinus and the Circulation of Books in the Late Roman World
Authors: Sánchez Vendramini Darío N. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractSince the late nineteenth century, studies of Ammianus’ audience have reached widely divergent conclusions. Research has focused on two opposed theses: while some scholars have seen the pagan senatorial aristocracy as the audience of the Res Gestae, others have assigned that role to the imperial bureaucracy. However, in thinking that a work could reach—or target—exclusively the members of a specific social group, the prevalent views on Ammianus’ audience contradict what we know about the circulation of books in the late Roman world. In contrast to previous research, this study proposes a new approach based on an analysis of the information available on book circulation in Ammianus’ time. This analysis shows that the audience of the Res Gestae was most likely socially diverse.
Changing spaces, changing behaviours: Achaemenid spatial features at the court of Alexander the Great
Authors: Harrison Stephen 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAlexander’s conquest of Persia transformed the way he ruled, with aspects of Achaemenid monarchy becoming prominent. In general, historians have focused on instances of deliberate engagement with Achaemenid practices (e. g. dress, proskynesis, etc.), leading to the impression that this change resulted from conscious imitation. Here, I nuance this view, arguing that the gradual adoption of aspects of Achaemenid royal space played a pivotal role in transforming Alexander’s monarchy. This approach shifts our focus away from Alexander himself, placing his reign in a wider context, while also demonstrating how space can act as a conduit for cultural interchange.
Knowledge and Skills Competencies for Humanities Librarians Supporting Postgraduate Students
Authors: Johnson Glynnis , Raju Jaya 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThis paper reports on an aspect of a 2016 masters study which addresses the research question: what knowledge and skills do humanities librarians require to effectively provide support to postgraduate students in the digital age? The study adopted a qualitative approach using a multiple case study design, within a constructivist paradigm, to respond to the research question, with core competency theory used to provide theoretical support. Data were collected via semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions with purposively sampled librarians and postgraduate students from Stellenbosch University, the University of Cape Town and the University of the Western Cape, all of which are situated in the Western Cape of South Africa. A significant finding of the study is that a mixture of discipline-specific knowledge and skills, generic skills and personal attributes are required by humanities librarians to effectively support postgraduate students, especially in the current digital age. The study presents a knowledge and skills framework that could be used to ascertain humanities librarians’ current knowledge and skills as well as establish areas for further knowledge and skills acquisition.
From Divergence to Convergence in Hungarian Librarianship: Towards a Common Digital Platform
Authors: Kiszl Péter , Radó Rita , Hubay Miklós Péter 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Hungarian librarianship and related research are sadly underrepresented in international literature. With this article we intend to fill this gap and inform the experts of library and information science of some of the most recent Hungarian innovations. After showcasing the international professional connections of Hungarian librarianship, we present the structure of the Hungarian public library network and its mode of operation. We also analyse current and future main digital development plans, projects and the most important related professional activities of Hungarian libraries. Emphasis is placed on information systems promoting cooperation between libraries and the issues of the National Library System Project, which is a large-scale modernisation programme carried out between 2016 and 2018, designed to develop the IT system of the National Széchényi Library. After introducing the information systems of academic and specialised libraries and the access models of scientific databases provided by multinational and Hungarian content services, we also discuss the endeavours of public libraries aiming for multifunctionality and community organisation. The paper ends by providing insights into how the outcomes of the recent initiatives have been fed back into Hungarian LIS training courses offered in higher education.