bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of vegetation indices in monitoring sugarcane white leaf disease symptoms in sugarcane field using multispectral UAV aerial imagery
Authors: Sanseechan P , Saengprachathanarug K , Posom J , Wongpichet S , Chea C , Wongphati M 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Currently, controlling or identifying of the sugarcane white leaf disease infection is not possible since its symptom need to be observed by human walking throughout fields. Therefore, this research aims to study the ability of vegetation indices to detect white leaf disease infected sugarcane with images taken by multispectral camera mounted on Unmanned Aerial Vehicle. Three sub-images infected with white leaf symptom and 3 other sub-images of normal green leaf were selected for this study. The reflectance values of 6 chosen sub-images were used to calculate 18 vegetation indices, and then these indices were used to compute the difference percentage of vegetation (green versus white) in order to find vegetation indices that are the most sensitive to white leaf symptoms. The results show that vegetation indices that have NIR and Red edge band in their formula (14 vegetation indices) have difference percentage in the range of 14.66 - 45.10, with NDREI, GNDVI yielding the highest difference percentage (44.05 - 45.10%), and vegetation indices that have only visible bands in their formula (4 vegetation indices) have the difference percentage from 14.96 – 26.04%, with GI and NRI resulting in the highest difference percentage 24.04% and 26.04%, respectively.
The energy input-output analysis of maize production in Sundarharaincha Municipality, Morang district, Nepal
Authors: Poudel Sandesh , Bhattarai Saurabh , Sherpa Tsering , Karki Anish , Hyun Kim Dae , Kafle Sagar 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Maize is the second largest crop grown in Nepal and is grown in all three geographic zones. The objective of this study is to analyse the energy input-output of maize production systems. The study is conducted in Sundarharaincha municipality of Morang district, Nepal, using direct questionnaires methods for the collection of primary data of varying landholding sizes farmers. The study revealed that total energy input and output for maize production system found about 10, 999.61 MJ/ha and 45, 501.52 MJ/ha, respectively, with the highest share by farmyard manure (FYM) about 50%. The energy use efficiency was found 4.14. Total CO2, N2O and CH4 emissions due to chemical inputs were found 163.24 kg/ha, 0.03 kg/ha and 0.33 kg/ha, respectively. The total Global warming potential was found 178.58 CO2 eq. per ha. The average cost of production were calculated USD 301.35/ha and profit USD 272.26/ha.
Numerical simulation of the flow of agricultural seeds inside a rotary drum dryer by DEM
Authors: Wangchai S 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Drying agricultural seeds is a commonly used industrial process. The drying process of the material inside the rotary drum is directly related to the seed movement in the dryer. However, the movement of agricultural seeds inside the rotary drum dryer has never seriously been studied before. This paper adopts a mathematical model for simulating particle flow in rotary drum dryers for agricultural seeds using discrete element methods (DEMs). It is aimed to study the efficiency of the rotary drum dryer and how this is linked to the type and number of vans and positions of vans mounted inside the rotary drum dryer. The study parameters were performed by varying the rotational speed, inclination of the rotary drum installation with minimal impact on the flow of seeds, and segregation of the seeds in a rotary drum dryer. The simulation results show that different operating conditions were the most significant influences on the movement of seeds. Maximum height of the particle falling can be realized when the rotary drums are operating at an optimum condition for particle loading from the bottom drum.
Temperature profile of moving belt with direct IR heating using CFD modelling
Authors: Vichaiya P , Jongyingcharoen J S 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Radiation heat transfer requires no medium, so energy lost is minimal. Infrared wave band is used for heating. However, radiative heating has limitation on the penetration depth. It infiltrated only a few millimetres into an object. IR drying can be used for thin layer drying. Continuous IR drying was an ideal process to use in drying. A pilot continuous IR drying tunnel was constructed. CFD model was used to generate the image of temperature profile of a moving belt which no other mean of temperature measurement can be pursued. The model was compared to measuring points for validation. The result was fair. By varying the IR heating power and speed of the belt, many scenarios can be used to find the optimum condition for drying.
Ultrasound assisted solvent extraction oil from dried rice bran soapstock
Authors: Phan V M , Junyusen T , Liplap P , Junyusen P , Taweechuensakul W 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
In this study, neutral oil was recovered from dried rice bran soapstock using ultrasound assisted solvent extraction (UASE). Response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to optimize the UASE parameters to obtain the maximum yield of neutral oil using face centered composite design (FCCD). The parameters included ultrasound power (0.5-4.5W/g), process temperature (35-55°C), and sonication time (4-26 min). The quadratic response models were generated and statistical analysis was performed to validate the models. The results showed that the optimum extraction conditions were ultrasound power of 3.75 W/g, process temperature of 49.71°C, and sonication time of 22.68 min. Ultrasound power and temperature were the most significant parameters for the extraction process. Under the optimal condition, the predicted neutral oil recovery was 98.10%, while corresponding experimental result was 98.21%, suggesting good agreement between the predicted and experimental data and high predictive ability of the models.
Physical properties and volatile compounds of beef flavors produced by direct extrusion
Authors: Sakunwaropat P , Vatanyoopaisarn S , Thumthanaruk B , Wijuntamook S , Pojanasuvonchai B , Rattananupap V , Wongsa J , Rungsardthong V 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Beef flavors were formed by mixing amino acid, sugar, and wheat flour via the efficient and continuous direct extrusion process. The effect of the extrusion temperature of zone 1, at 80, 100 and 120°C, on the color, solubility, and sensory properties of the beef flavors obtained was investigated. Acceptability of extruded beef flavors, both in powder and liquid forms, was tested compared to the control, which was a commercial beef flavor prepared by the traditional method (boiling and reflux). Volatile compounds of the extruded product and the control were determined by GC-MS, with the solid-phase microextraction method (SPME). The bulk density of the extruded products was significantly higher than the control, but they all showed the same percentage of solubility. Methanethiol, the key component contributing to stewed beef and ground beef, as well as 2-furancarboxaldehyde, 3-(methylthiol)-propanal, 2-[(methylthio) methyl]-furan, was detected in beef flavors both from extrusion and the control. Extrusion at higher temperatures, 100 and 120°C, indicated a more brownish color and obtained higher sensory scores in terms of odor, taste, and overall acceptance than samples extruded at 80°C and the control. Thus, there is a potential to use extrusion to replace traditional methods of production of beef flavors.
Continuous changes of variables and the Magnus expansion
Authors: Casas Fernando , Chartier Philippe , Murua Ander 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
In this paper, we are concerned with a formulation of Magnus and Floquet-Magnus expansions for general nonlinear differential equations. To this aim, we introduce suitable continuous variable transformations generated by operators. As an application of the simple formulas so-obtained, we explicitly compute the first terms of the Floquet-Magnus expansion for the Van der Pol oscillator and the nonlinear Schrödinger equation on the torus.
Myeloid Sarcoma With CBFB-MYH11 Fusion (inv(16) or t(16;16)) Prevails in the Abdomen
Authors: Dalland Joanna C , Meyer Reid , Ketterling Rhett P , Reichard Kaaren K 
Published: September 2019

AbstractObjectivesMyeloid sarcoma with CBFB-MYH11 fusion may be enriched in abdominal sites. The clinicopathologic features of 11 cases are reported.MethodsWe collected clinical features, morphology, immunophenotype, and bone marrow (BM) involvement of myeloid sarcoma cases with CBFB-MYH11 fusion.ResultsEleven of 29 total myeloid sarcoma cases were CBFB-MYH11 positive and all 11 involved abdominal sites. The blastic infiltrate was associated with eosinophils in four of 11 cases and plasmacytoid dendritic cell (pDC) nodules in four of six cases. CD34, CD117, and myeloperoxidase were expressed in eight of nine, 10 of 10, and 10 of 10 cases, respectively. Ten of 10 cases showed no BM involvement.ConclusionsOur current series, combined with a literature review, identifies a compelling series of 31 (94%) of 33 cases of myeloid sarcoma with CBFB-MYH11 fusion showing a marked predilection for abdominal sites. In addition, the lack of obvious associated eosinophils, presence of pDC nodules, and lack of concurrent BM involvement suggest that “myeloid sarcoma with CBFB-MYH11 fusion” may represent a unique phenomenon.
Pentosidine as a Measure of Chronological Age in Wild Birds
Authors: Chaney Richard C. , Blemings Kenneth P. , Bonner James , Klandorf Hillar 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBirds have few reliable indicators of aging. Pentosidine is a product of nonenzymatic glycation that accumulates in tissues of an animal over its lifespan. The intent of this study was to determine if accumulation of skin pentosidine in birds of known ages changed as a function of time. Skin samples were obtained from the breast of 45 birds of various species obtained from the national aviary. In addition, foot webbing samples were obtained from 17 California Gulls (Larus callifornicus) of known ages. Collagen was measured by a hydroxypro-line spectrophotometric method and pentosidine was quantified using reverse phase high-performance liquid-chromatography. Pentosidine concentration in the skin and foot webbing increased linearly with age (P < 0.001). Hydroxyproline concentrations from the foot webbing were comparable to that measured in the skin; however, pentosidine concentrations were approximately one-fourth of that in skin. Knowledge regarding longevity of birds could provide information for species survival programs and insight into variations in longevity of an entire population.
Attaining Theoretical Coherence Within Relationship-Based Practice in Child and Family Social Work: The Systemic Perspective
Authors: Coulter Stephen , Houston Stanley , Mooney Suzanne , Devaney John , Davidson Gavin 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Social work practice has an essential, yet ambiguous, relationship with theory. This state of affairs is currently evident in the range of contemporary relationship-based practice (RBP) models being applied within Child and Family Social Work. This article argues that there is an urgent need for a theoretically coherent conceptualisation of these models to enable social work practitioners to embrace their common precepts and so enable more effective interventions. In contrast to attempts to show the distinctiveness of current models for reasons of fidelity, model identity and marketing, this unifying approach advocates for recognition of the commonality and complementarity of contemporary RBP models. The article argues that systemic theory which applies a social constructionist orientation can provide this coherence, helping social workers develop their practice in an informed way. In making this case, the emergent evidence base is noted and recommendations are made about how greater convergence and complementarity can be promoted. This article contributes to the debate about how practice and policy should be guided by theoretical ideas of coherence, alongside more utilitarian ideas advocating the importance of evidence and effectiveness.
Differential inhibitory potentials of three plant extracts against Dermestes maculatus Degeer and microorganisms in smoked catfish, Clarias gariepinus Burchell
Authors: Ajayi Olufunmilayo Eunice , Oladele Oluwole Olakunle , Fabunmi Goodness Osehotue 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Objectives
Three medicinal plants: Zingiber officinale rhizome, Allium sativum bulb, and Moringa oleifera seeds, were evaluated for progeny inhibition in fish beetle, Dermestes maculatus, and incidence of bacteria and fungi in smoked-dried Clarias gariepinus.

Materials and Methods
Cleaned C. gariepinus were separately soaked in extracts of these selected plants (50 g/1000 ml) for 60 min before smoke-drying in a mud kiln at 105°C and later divided into lots. Sensory evaluation was conducted on uninfested fishes in lot A while fishes in lot B was artificially infested with five pairs of newly emerged adult D. maculatus for 10 days. Number of emerged larva, adult insects, and incidence of microorganisms before and following 90 days in storage after infestation were used as indices of potency of the extracts.

Results
Results obtained showed that all the treated uninfested smoked-dried C. gariepinus retained high scores for taste, texture, aroma, and appearance within the first 5 weeks of storage after smoking when compared with the control. This implied that the tested extracts had no negative effect in terms of sensory attributes on the treated fish during storage and can therefore be used for fish preservation. Meanwhile, A. sativum among all the selected extracts had the least number of larvae (17.67 ± 1.45), adult (21.00 ± 1.53), fungi (9.00 × 102 ± 0.53 sfu/ml) and bacteria counts (11.33 ×102 ± 0.33 cfu/ml) following 90 days in storage after infestation.

Conclusion
Allium sativum among the tested extracts proved to be most effective and could be recommended for control of D. maculatus and microorganisms in smoked C. gariepinus.
Caregiving Across Diverse Populations: New Evidence From the National Study of Caregiving and Hispanic EPESE
Authors: Rote Sunshine M , Angel Jacqueline L , Moon Heehyul , Markides Kyriakos 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Background and Objectives
The current study employs population-based data to determine the extent to which stress and coping factors are related to self-rated health and distress for informal caregivers (CGs) from the 3 largest racial/ethnic groups in the United States (non-Latino White, African American, and Mexican American).

Research Design and Methods
Data on primary, informal CGs are obtained from the 2015 National Study of Caregiving (NSOC) (n = 667) and the 2016 Hispanic Established Populations for the Epidemiologic Studies of the Elderly (H-EPESE) CG supplement (n = 287). Logistic regression models of health are presented for all CGs and specifically for dementia CGs.

Results
Caregiving intensity is related to health for non-Latino White CGs and African American dementia CGs. Support from family and friends is related to better self-rated health, but only for African American dementia CGs. While better relationship quality is related to better health for African American CGs and White dementia CGs, formal support utilization is related to worse CG health for Mexican American dementia CGs.

Discussion and Implications
Findings emphasize the importance of earlier detection and intervention with CGs at the beginning in the caregiving career, the interplay of formal and informal support, and appropriate ways to intervene with dementia CGs. Culturally tailored home- and community-based care options are needed to supplement the low levels of CG support, especially for the Mexican American population.
Jerzy Andrzejewski’s Holy Week: Testing Religious Ethics in Times of Atrocity
Authors: Brenner Rachel Feldhay 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Jerzy Andrzejewski wrote the novella Holy Week at the time of the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising. This real-time Polish fictional response immediately raised critical controversy. Whereas some critics saw it as an inadequate representation of the Holocaust, others considered the 1945 version a product of socialist realism. Here the author argues that Andrzejewski’s wartime fiction investigates the viability of his Catholic existentialist orientation during a time of terror. While his wartime essays and his correspondence with Czesław Miłosz reflected Andrzejewski’s struggle to maintain his faith in human brotherhood, his fiction traced the disintegration of Grace-given faith in the commonality and dignity of all human beings. The stories progress from a tragic ending of friendship to the failure of spiritual resistance and ultimately to the complete moral collapse of the Polish community. The unflinching depiction of the failure of Catholic Poles before their responsibility to extend neighborly love to their doomed Jewish neighbors communicates Andrzejewski’s insistence on the Catholic obligation to love one’s neighbor.
A comprehensive review on renewable and sustainable heating systems for poultry farming
Authors: Cui Yuanlong , Theo Elmer , Gurler Tugba , Su Yuehong , Saffa Riffat 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Poultry farming is one of energy intensive industries that consume large amount of energy to provide the suitable indoor environment for chicken health and production like meat and eggs. Currently, there are extensive researches and practices of applying renewable and sustainable energy technologies to poultry farming to achieve energy saving and carbon dioxide emission reduction. Therefore, it is worth to retrospect the state-of-the-art development and summarize the key features in this field. The main technologies include photovoltaic (PV), solar collector, hybrid PV/Thermal, thermal energy storage, ground/water/air sources heat pumps, lighting and radiant heating. It is found that up to 85% energy saving can be achieved by using these advanced technologies in comparison to the traditional poultry houses with a payback time of 3–8 years.
Molecular Correlates of Socioeconomic Status and Clinical Outcomes Following Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation for Leukemia
Authors: Knight Jennifer M , Rizzo J Douglas , Wang Tao , He Naya , Logan Brent R , Spellman Stephen R , Lee Stephanie J , Verneris Michael R , Arevalo Jesusa M G , Cole Steve W 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundClinical outcomes among allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) recipients are negatively affected by low socioeconomic status (SES), yet the biological mechanisms accounting for this health disparity remain to be elucidated. Among unrelated donor HCT recipients with acute myelogenous leukemia, one recent pilot study linked low SES to increased expression of a stress-related gene expression profile known as the conserved transcriptional response to adversity (CTRA) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, which involves up-regulation of pro-inflammatory genes and down-regulation of genes involved in type I interferon response and antibody synthesis.MethodsThis study examined these relationships using additional measures in a larger archival sample of 261 adults who received an unrelated donor HCT for acute myelogenous leukemia to 1) identify cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in SES-related differences in pre-transplant leukocyte transcriptome profiles, and 2) evaluate pre-transplant CTRA biology associations with clinical outcomes through multivariable analysis controlling for demographic-, disease-, and transplant-related covariates.ResultsLow SES individuals showed increases in classic monocyte activation and pro-inflammatory transcription control pathways as well as decreases in activation of nonclassic monocytes, all consistent with the CTRA biological pattern. Transplant recipients in the highest or lowest quartiles of the CTRA pro-inflammatory gene component had a more than 2-fold elevated hazard of relapse (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.47, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.44 to 4.24), P = .001; HR = 2.52, 95% CI = 1.46 to 4.34, P = .001) and more than 20% reduction in leukemia-free survival (HR = 1.57, 95% CI = 1.08 to 2.28, P = .012; HR = 1.49, 95% CI = 1.04 to 2.15, P = .03) compared with the middle quartiles.ConclusionsThese findings identify SES- and CTRA-associated myeloid- and inflammation-related transcriptome signatures in recipient pre-transplant blood samples as a potential novel predictive biomarker of HCT-related clinical outcomes.
Detailed study of ELAIS N1 field with the uGMRT – II. Source properties and spectral variation of foreground power spectrum from 300–500 MHz observations
Authors: Chakraborty Arnab , Roy Nirupam , Datta Abhirup , Choudhuri Samir , Datta Kanan K , Dutta Prasun , Bharadwaj Somnath , Intema Huib , Choudhury Madhurima , Pal Srijita , Choudhury Tirthankar Roy 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT
Understanding the low-frequency radio sky in depth is necessary to subtract foregrounds in order to detect the redshifted 21 cm signal of neutral hydrogen from the cosmic dawn, the epoch of reionization and the post-reionization era. In this second paper of the series, we present the upgraded Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope (uGMRT) observation of the ELAIS N1 field made at 300–500 MHz. The image covers an area of ∼1.8 deg2 and has a central background rms noise of ∼ 15 μJy beam−1. We present a radio source catalogue containing 2528 sources (with flux densities > 100 μJy) and normalized source counts derived from that. A detailed comparison of detected sources with previous radio observations is shown. We discuss flux-scale accuracy, positional offsets, spectral index distribution and correction factors in source counts. The normalized source counts are in agreement with previous observations of the same field, as well as model source counts from the Square Kilometre Array Design Study simulation. It shows a flattening below ∼1 mJy that corresponds to a rise in populations of star-forming galaxies and radio-quiet active galactic nuclei. For the first time, we estimate the spectral characteristics of the angular power spectrum or multi-frequency angular power spectrum of diffuse Galactic synchrotron emission over a wide frequency bandwidth of 300–500 MHz from radio interferometric observations. This work demonstrates the improved capabilities of the uGMRT.
The Importance of Estimating Causal Effects for Evaluating a Nicotine Standard for Cigarettes
Authors: Koopmeiners Joseph S , Vock David M , Boatman Jeffrey A , Carroll Dana , Colby Suzanne M , Donny Eric C , Hatsukami Dorothy K , Luo Xianghua , Tidey Jennifer W 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Recent evidence from randomized clinical trials (RCTs) of very low nicotine content (VLNC) cigarettes indicates that smokers randomized to VLNC cigarettes had significantly lower cigarette use, dependence, and biomarkers of exposure than smokers randomized to normal nicotine content control cigarettes. In these trials, a substantial number of participants did not adhere to their randomized treatment assignment, i.e., they used commercial cigarettes not provided by the trial in place of or in addition to the VLNC cigarettes provided by the trial. As with most RCTs, the analysis of these trials followed the intention-to-treat principle, where participants are analyzed according to their randomized treatment assignment regardless of adherence. Alternately, the analysis of an RCT could focus on the estimation and testing of the causal effect of the intervention, which is the treatment effect if all subjects were to adhere to their randomized treatment assignment. In this commentary, we compare these two approaches, highlighting the important role of causal estimation and inference for evaluating the regulatory effect of a nicotine standard for cigarettes. Additionally, we review the results of the secondary analyses of randomized trials of VLNC cigarettes using causal inference methodology to account for non-adherence to the assigned treatment and discuss the implications for a nicotine standard for cigarettes.