bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sentinel-1 data reveals unprecedented reduction of open water extent due to 2023-2024 drought in the central Amazon basin
Authors: Maciel Daniel A , Lousada Fellipe , Fassoni-Andrade Alice , Pacheco Quevedo Renata , Barbosa Claudio Clemente Faria , Paule-Bonnet Marie , Novo Evlyn Márcia Leão de Moraes 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In 2023, an intense drought impacted the Amazon basin triggered by climate change and a strong El Niño event, with the Negro River reaching its lowest water level in 120 years. However, the spatiotemporal open water extent (OWE) during this drought remains unclear. This study comprehensively evaluates OWE variability in the central Amazon using Sentinel-1 synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data since 2017. Monthly OWE masks were generated through an empirical threshold classification with accuracy >95%. Overall, the central Amazon experienced a reduction of ∼8% in OWE in the 2023 dry season months (November and December) when compared to monthly-average. However, reductions of up to 80% in OWE were observed in several specific lakes. Our analysis underscores the unprecedented severity of the 2023/2024 drought on rivers and floodplains. Utilizing SAR remote sensing technologies, this study emphasizes the urgent need for proactive conservation measures to safeguard the Amazon’s ecological integrity amid escalating environmental challenges. Monthly water masks from January/2017 to September/2024 are available here: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12751783.
Learning from past society-environment interactions is discursive rather than substantive
Authors: Mordechai Lee , Tubi Amit 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Environmental changes pose unprecedented risks to human societies worldwide. Over the past few decades, burgeoning academic literature argues or assumes that past societies’ responses to environmental impacts can provide valuable lessons to guide adaptation to contemporary environmental changes. The ancient Maya civilization, whose decline is often linked with historically unprecedented droughts, constitutes a major case study for extracting such lessons. To analyze these lessons, we conduct a meta-analysis of the discourse of learning from past Maya-environment interactions. We demonstrate that although studies often refer to learning from the Maya explicitly, the learning is primarily declarative and discursive rather than substantive, and lessons are often vague, misguided, or inapplicable. Only a few articles employ research designs conducive to learning from the past, and only a few reflect on the process of, or the problems associated with, learning from the past. On the other hand, many articles are content with reaching ‘inspirational’ lessons, calling, for example, for increasing resilience, while only a fifth of the papers drew more specific lessons that offer somewhat concrete recommendations and courses of action. Many studies also claimed that their findings are applicable to present-day societies far outside the core regions of Maya habitation, ignoring pertinent social and geographical differences. Although the paper does not preclude the theoretical possibility of learning from the past, it argues that such learning must undergo significant changes to achieve robustness and relevance for the present. This would also require a more open discussion between scholars of the past and adaptation practitioners.
Deciding finiteness of bosonic dynamics with tunable interactions
Authors: Edward Bruschi David , Xuereb André , Zeier Robert 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We are motivated by factorization of bosonic quantum dynamics and we study the corresponding Lie algebras, which can potentially be infinite dimensional. To characterize such factorization, we identify conditions for these Lie algebras to be finite dimensional. We consider cases where each free Hamiltonian term is itself an element of the generated Lie algebra. In our approach, we develop new tools to systematically divide skew-hermitian bosonic operators into appropriate subspaces, and construct specific sequences of skew-hermitian operators that are used to gauge the dimensionality of the Lie algebras themselves. The significance of our result relies on conditions that constrain only the independently controlled generators in a particular Hamiltonian, thereby providing an effective algorithm for verifying the finiteness of the generated Lie algebra. In addition, our results are tightly connected to mathematical work where the polynomials of creation and annihilation operators are known as the Weyl algebra. Our work paves the way for better understanding factorization of bosonic dynamics relevant to quantum control and quantum technology.
Non-equilibrium dynamics of symmetry-resolved entanglement and entanglement asymmetry: exact asymptotics in Rule 54*
Authors: Klobas Katja 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Symmetry resolved entanglement and entanglement asymmetry are two measures of quantum correlations sensitive to symmetries of the system. Here we discuss their non-equilibrium dynamics in the Rule 54 cellular automaton, a simple, yet interacting, integrable model. Both quantities can be expressed in terms of the more analytically tractable ‘charged moments’, i.e. traces of powers of a suitably deformed density matrix, via a replica trick. We express them in terms of a tensor network, which we contract in space using a system of local algebraic relations. This gives the asymptotic form for the charged moments, valid in the regime of large but finite time that is shorter than all the relevant subsystem sizes. In this regime the charge moments decay exponentially with the rate given by the leading solution to a cubic equation.
Derivation of a generalized Langevin equation from a generic time-dependent Hamiltonian
Authors: Héry Benjamin J A , Netz Roland R 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The traditional Mori–Zwanzig formalism yields equations of motion, so-called generalized Langevin equations (GLEs), for phase-space observables of interest from the microscopic dynamics of a many-body system governed by a time-independent Hamiltonian using projection techniques. By using time-ordered propagators and time-independent projection operators, we derive the GLE for a scalar observable from a generic time-dependent Hamiltonian. The only restriction in our derivation is that the time-dependent part of the Hamiltonian and the observable of interest depend on spatial phase-space variables only. If the observable obeys Gaussian statistics and the time-dependent part of the Hamiltonian can be expressed as an odd power of the observable, the friction memory kernel in the GLE becomes proportional to the second moment of the complementary force, as is the case for a time-independent Hamiltonian in the Mori–Zwanzig formalism.
Surface analysis in additive manufacturing: a systematic literature review regarding powder bed fusion processes
Authors: Grimm Tobias , Hantke Nick , Iusupova Alsu , Sehrt Jan T 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The analysis of surface effects in powder bed fusion additive manufacturing is the subject of intensive research activities. The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of the current state of knowledge and to gain a comprehensive understanding of this subject area. The paper is intended to enable researchers to select specific articles for their own further research context. In addition, a bibliometric analysis validates the data base. A discussion of the findings suggests that the criticality of the surface should be considered as a quality factor in the field of additive manufacturing by powder bed fusion processes. An accurate and reliable measurement is crucial for predicting component quality. There is a clear trend from two-dimensional measurements to three-dimensional measurements. Conducting comprehensive research is essential to improve the reliability and comparability of measurement results and to promote broad acceptance and application of this technology in the industry.
Study on the sound absorption characteristics and noise reduction mechanism of coconut-shell-activated carbon particles and coconut fiber composite biomass sound-absorption materials
Authors: Hou Zhenhua , Ma Xiaoying , Pan Liai , Zhang Rui , Wang Libo 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Sound-absorbing materials are widely used in the field of automotive industry. Biomass materials are abundant in the nature, some of which have natural sound absorption and noise reduction properties. Biomass sound-absorption materials are green and pollution-free, which have obvious noise reduction effect on middle- and high-frequency noises, a large specific surface area, a light weight and strong sound absorption effect. The purpose of this paper is to prepare new types of biomass composite sound absorbing material. In order to analyze the sound absorption and physical properties of biomass sound-absorbing materials, the noise reduction performance of different structures of biomass sound-absorbing materials was analyzed. In this paper, the biomass sound-absorbing materials coconut-fiber- and coconut-shell-activated carbon particles were used to make samples. A coconut-shell-activated carbon sound-absorption material (CSAC) was made. The cylindrical holes were made and filled with coconut fiber materials to form composite sound-absorbing materials (CSAC-F). The acoustic performance of an impedance tube was tested based on the acoustic absorption coefficient, whose physical performance was studied by means of a scanning electron microscope (SEM), Brunauer, Emmett and Teller (BET), x-ray diffraction (XRD), a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) and other detection methods. In contrast, the sound absorption effect of CSAC-F was better in the middle- and low-frequency range, whose microstructure was analyzed and its mechanism of noise reduction was studied. This study will provide a new way for the research and development of sound-absorbing materials in the automotive industry, and biomass sound-absorbing materials have potential applications in the noise absorption and vibration control of automotive interior.
Laser sintering of metal powders: failure analysis and implementation of solutions for aluminium and stainless steel parts
Authors: Szabó Valentin Endre , Kun Krisztián 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In this research, the failures and possible solutions of direct metal laser sintering (DMLS) have been investigated, with the aim of presenting an overview of the current state of science and possible technical solutions to the various challenges and potential solutions. DMLS technology allows to produce high density parts and has proven to be suitable for the cost-effective production of both mass-produced and individual parts in the automotive, aerospace, medical and hydrogen technology industries. This study reveals the fundamental principles, potential benefits, and limitations of metal 3D printing. The defects are categorized into those related to raw materials and those caused by the manufacturing process. The properties of the parts fabricated by this method are mainly depending on the quality of the raw material and the intensity of the laser beam. Clusters of raw materials have a negative impact on the whole manufacturing process, requiring their investigation and avoidance. Another critical defect identified is the significant internal stress generated during the manufacturing process. Various methods are developed to quantify and mitigate these internal stresses. This study provides a detailed analysis of these defects and their impacts, along with a review of literature-based solutions. Among the evaluated and implemented solutions, emphasis is placed on the effects of preheating the build plate and post-process heat treatment. Future objectives and research directions are proposed, presenting and assessing alternative solutions such as Vibratory Stress Relief (VSR) and Thermo-Vibratory Stress Relief (TVSR), which combine heat treatment with vibration. In the scope of the research, the process by which the most common failures occur, and their potential outcomes was reviewed. Special attention was given to deformation caused by internal stress and the possibilities for its mitigation. The feasibility of applying a new approach was investigated, and future research objectives were outlined. SEM imaging was employed to conduct and analyse the grain size of stainless-steel raw material, and agglomerates were observed in the post-print recycled powder.
Study on the mechanical properties of layered gradient structure PBT-based flame retardant composite materials
Authors: Cui Peng , Niu Lei , Ren Shibo 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Polybutylene Terephthalate (PBT) was widely used for its excellent mechanical properties, low moisture absorption, and good chemical corrosion resistance. To enhance the flame retardancy of PBT while addressing the decrease in mechanical properties caused by flame retardants, this study employed brominated polystyrene (BPS) as the flame retardant and modified nano-antimony trioxide (nano-Sb2O3) as a synergistic flame retardant. These were added to PBT, and a gradient distribution of nano-Sb2O3 was achieved through lamination hot-pressing technology. The effects of this gradient distribution on the flame retardancy and mechanical properties of the composite materials were investigated. The results show that the modifiers Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and γ-Glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (KH560) successfully graft onto the nano-Sb2O3 surface, enhancing its compatibility with the matrix material. Compared to the homogeneous composite materials, the gradient composites exhibit an increased Limiting Oxygen Index (LOI), with the most significant improvement seen in the composite (G828) that has a 6 wt% difference in concentration between the outer and inner layers, increasing the LOI by 6%. Additionally, as the concentration of nano-Sb2O3 on the surface of the composite material increases, so does the amount of char residue. Compared to homogeneous composites, the gradient composites show significant improvements in mechanical properties, with G828 exhibiting increases of 19.7% in tensile strength, 37.1% in bending strength, and 103% in impact strength, demonstrating the significant effect of the gradient distribution in enhancing both flame retardancy and mechanical properties of the composite material.
Optimized scintillation imaging in low dose rate and bright room light conditions
Authors: Niver Alexander P , Bruza Petr , Pogue Brian W 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objective. To develop a robust method for non-contact surface dosimetry during Total Body Irradiation (TBI) that uses an optimally paired choice of scintillator material with camera photocathode and can work insensitively to the normal ambient room lighting conditions (∼500 Lux). Approach. This goal was approached by assessing the emission contrast of scintillator signal to background room ratio (SBR) detected by the camera, in the challening conditions of low dose rate TBI with high room lights. A total of 9 fast-response scintillators, 3 wavelength shifters, and 2 camera photocathodes were systematically tested to determine the optimal combination. The effects of room lights on the scintillator signal and the background signal were assessed to avoid signal saturation while retaining accurate dose measurement. A bandpass wavelength filter was then applied to reduce the effects on room lights and scintillator signal. Main Results. One scintillator (EJ262) combined with a blue-green sensitive photocathode camera and a 500 nm band pass filter produced the greatest available scintillator SBR of 95 with maximal room lights on. The caveat is that this design rejects all patient Cherenkov light, which can be useful for visualizing the patient treatment. Another option which retained the Cherenkov signal but produced less available scintillator signal was found with another scintillator (EJ-260) and a red photocathode camera with SBR of 35, but a narrow bandpass filter is required to make it work in ambient room lights, which addition will also remove most of the Cherenkov signal. Significance. Non-contact scintillator imaging can be used for surface dosimetry in TBI with appropriate pairing of scintillator emission spectrum and camera photocathode sensitivity or optical filtering range.
Inclusive engagement for equitable resilience: community case study insights
Authors: Eisenhauer Emily , Maxwell Keely , Kiessling Brittany , Henson Siena , Matsler Marissa , Nee Raven , Shacklette Maureen , Fry Meridith , Julius Susan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Incorporating equity into climate resilience planning, especially through participatory processes, is important to adequately address social vulnerability and avoid reproducing inequities. Recent analyses of resilience and adaptation plans in the United States suggest that there is increasing attention on equity and justice, but a wide variation in how it is being incorporated and implemented. Available studies of resilience planning are limited by their focus on larger urban areas and on plan contents. This research contributes a qualitative analysis of participatory engagement for resilience planning in smaller cities and rural areas. It presents findings from community case studies used as part of human-centered design research to develop an equitable resilience planning tool. Materials from the tool were used to conduct participatory engagement activities including storytelling, mapping, and brainstorming actions that elicited community members’ experiences with hazards and disasters and ideas for equitable resilience actions. Themes that emerged from the qualitative analysis of the workshop discussions were: community members’ include both environmental and social concerns in addressing resilience, challenges associated with social vulnerability framing, the underlying social systems that perpetuate inequities, recognizing different types of trauma, the power of convening, and challenges with sustaining engagement without dedicated resources. This article provides insights that inform efforts to better incorporate equity into resilience planning and advance the study of equitable resilience.
Carbon-based nanocomposites for sensing applications-a review
Authors: Peyrow Hedayati Davood , Termine Stefania , Bascucci Christopher , Al Malak Paul , Bondavalli Paolo , Semitekolos Dionisis , Clemens Frank , Charitidis Costas , Böhm Robert 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Carbon nanomaterials exhibit unique morphological and physical properties. When used as fillers in various matrices such as polymers, they can provide enhanced electrical, thermal and mechanical characteristics. The emerging field of sensing technologies has witnessed remarkable advancements, resulting from the integration of carbon-based nanocomposites. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the latest a developments in key carbon-based nanocomposite sensors. First, the unique properties of carbon nanomaterials are reviewed covering the full dimensional spectrum, followed by main synthesis routes addressing critical aspects such as morphology, surface functionalization, and doping strategies. Later, the synergistic effects arising from the combination of carbon nanomaterials with other components, such as polymers, are explored in detail, emphasizing the role of percolation levels in the overall sensing performance. The different sensing applications presented in this review cover a broad range, including strain, temperature, gas and biosensing. The mechanisms and principles governing the sensing capabilities of carbon-based nanocomposites are provided, shedding light on the interactions between analytes and nanocomposite surfaces. A critical analysis of current challenges and prospects is also presented, outlining potential avenues for further research and innovation. Finally, this review aims to serve as a valuable resource for researchers interested in carbon-based nanocomposites and their evolving role in advancing sensing technologies.
Efficient data processing pipeline for event-based vision datasets: techniques and insights
Authors: Aitsam Muhammad , Jimenez Rodriguez Alejandro , Di Nuovo Alessandro 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Event-based vision datasets have emerged as a critical asset in advancing the capabilities of real-time perception systems, particularly in fields such as robotics, autonomous vehicles, and human-computer interaction. These datasets enable low-latency processing by capturing asynchronous, pixel-level changes in the scene, providing a distinct advantage over traditional frame-based systems. However, the diverse formats and characteristics of event-based datasets pose significant challenges for efficient processing and analysis, hindering their broader adoption and integration. In this paper, we present a versatile and comprehensive data processing pipeline designed to address these challenges by supporting multiple event-data formats, including newer formats such as EVT2 and EVT3. This pipeline not only converts data into widely supported formats like AEDAT and NPZ, but also ensures that the unique characteristics of event-based data-such as temporal precision and sparse event representation-are preserved throughout the conversion process. By applying this pipeline to several open-source datasets, we establish a standardized, efficient methodology for dataset manipulation that enhances compatibility and reproducibility in event-based vision research. Additionally, we introduce a novel high-resolution event-based action dataset, converted into various formats using our pipeline, which opens new avenues for exploring event-based techniques in action recognition. This dataset and our pipeline serve as valuable resources for the research community, enabling advancements in real-time vision applications and fostering greater collaboration and standardization across studies.
Advanced sensing and analytical techniques for quality control of tobacco flavoring
Authors: Wang Xingguo , Liu Bowen , Han Lu , Xi Gaolei , Li Shaohua , Zhao Weimin , Chen Xia , Du Shantao , Ai Bin 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Assuring stability and uniformity in tobacco cut filler flavoring is crucial for cigarette product quality. This review focuses on advanced sensing and analytical techniques like gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and electronic nose technology. These methods analyze the chemical composition of flavoring liquids and detect volatile components in tobacco cut filler samples, thereby evaluating flavoring stability and uniformity. The review also acknowledges additional technologies like near-infrared spectroscopy and continuous flow analysis. Strengths and weaknesses of these detection techniques are discussed, providing insights into quality control of tobacco cut filler flavoring.