bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dietary chromium improves growth, feed utilization, haematological and biochemical parameters, innate immune response, and gene expression in Juvenile Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)
Authors: Khafaji Nermin , Sultan Ahmed , Zeid Salma , El-Sayed Abdel-Fattah 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The dietary chromium needs of tilapia have not been thoroughly examined. The present study evaluated the effects of dietary chromic oxide (Cr2O3) on growth performance, feed utilization, hematological parameters, immune response, and gene expression of juvenile Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fed semi-purified diets. Six isonitrogenous (33% crude protein), isoenergetic (17.42 MJ Kg− 1), Cr-free diets containing 0 (control), 3, 6, 12, 24, and 60 mg supplemental Cr2O3 kg− 1 were prepared. The diets were administered to triplicate groups of Nile tilapia (average initial weight = 13 g) maintained in 250-L fiberglass tanks within a recirculating indoor system. The feeding regimen consisted of 3% of the fish's live weight, provided twice daily for 60 days. Significant improvements were observed in growth rates, feed utilization efficiency, digestive enzyme activities, blood parameters, liver function enzymes, and immunological responses. The expression of GLUT2 and PI3KR1 genes was upregulated (P < 0.05) with increasing dietary Cr2O3 up to 24 mg kg− 1 diet and leveled off or decreased with a further increase in Cr2O3 supplementation to 60 mg kg− 1. However, the results of quadratic regression analyses indicated that the optimum responses occurred at about 35 mg Cr2O3 kg− 1 diet. The findings suggest that including Cr2O3 in the diet significantly improves fish growth, feed digestion, nutrient absorption, metabolic processes, and innate immune response. A recommended dietary level of approximately 35 mg kg− 1 is proposed to optimize the performance and health status of farmed Nile tilapia.
Preoperative Optimization Strategy Management Model Applied in Gallbladder Surgery
Authors: Wang Jie , Xie Haofen , Zhu Hong , Hu Yue , Mi Shanshan , Wang Ying , Xu Qinhong , Yang Liang 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Purpose: This study aims to investigate the impact of implementing a pre-admission management model in a tertiary hospital on the duration of hospitalization and costs for patients undergoing gallbladder surgery. Additionally, it seeks to explore patient characteristics suitable for pre-admission gallbladder surgery based on age and underlying conditions.
Methods: Patient data were analyzed following the implementation of the pre-admission optimization strategy management model. A comparison was made between the time and costs of hospitalization for regular inpatients and those undergoing gallbladder surgery after pre-admission, with a focus on determining the statistical significance of any observed differences.
Results: The comparative analysis of patients undergoing gallbladder surgery with and without underlying conditions revealed a significant reduction in preoperative preparation time, postoperative recovery time, total hospitalization days, and hospitalization costs. Patients under 65 years of age who underwent pre-admission gallbladder surgery experienced shorter hospital stays, reduced postoperative recovery times, and lower total costs compared to elderly patients aged 65 and above (P<0.05). Among different hospitalization processes, pre-admission patients aged 65 and above had decreased preoperative preparation time, postoperative recovery time, total hospitalization days, and total costs compared to regular inpatients (P<0.05). Moreover, pre-admission patients under 65 years old exhibited reduced postoperative recovery time and total hospitalization days compared to regular inpatients (P<0.05), while preoperative preparation time showed no statistical significance (P>0.05).
Conclusion: It is recommended to implement pre-admission management models for the treatment of gallbladder surgery patients, regardless of whether they are aged 65 and above or under 65 years old.
Aging microenvironment: the critical factor to determine the prognosis of glioblastoma from the perspective of response to chemoradiotherapy and immunoregulation
Authors: Tao Ye , Yuan Yueming , Cui Xiaopan , Zhang Rongwei 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly aggressive brain tumor. With age, many factors in the microenvironment will change, and these changes have an important impact on tumor growth, development and treatment response. This study aims to investigate gene signatures and prognostic value of the aging microenvironment in GBM. The correlation between transcriptional data, clinical information, immune infiltration, and expression of inflammatory cytokines was analyzed. A protein-protein interaction network (PPI) and functional enrichment analysis was performed. The correlation between survival data and prognosis was evaluated by Cox regression analysis to predict the response to treatment. Most aging-related gene sets were significantly concentrated and 437 aging-related hub genes were highly expressed in GBM samples. Among 437 hub genes, the expression of 49 genes was significantly correlated with prognosis. The mutation rate of the top 20 aging-related hub genes in the GBM sample was 51.4%. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that most aging-related hub genes with significant survival correlation may be involved in regulating immunotherapy response. The aging microenvironment-related signature (AMRS) was identified as a independent prognostic indicator and correlated with clinical features, immunity, and inflammation in GBM. The aging microenvironment is involved in the mechanism of GBM drug resistance which showed great potential for further studing of new avenues for clinical treatment to improve patients’ outcomes.
Correlation of telomere length with the Charlson Comorbidity Index via the zero- inflated negative binomial regression model: NHANES 1999–2002
Authors: Tu Beilin , Li Wei , Xiao Haitao , Xu Xuewen , Zhang Yange 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background: Telomere shortening is correlated with aging and cellular death. The Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) is the most widely used tool to quantify comorbidities and assess 10-year mortality. This study aimed to explore the relationship between telomere length and the CCI.
Methods: This study sample was drawn from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) over two consecutive cycles, 1999--2000 and 2001--2002, and included 3,410 eligible participants. The zero-inflated negative binomial (ZINB) model was used to examine the effect of telomere length on the CCI.
Results:
In the count part (CCI≥0), with the other variables held constant, the expected change in the CCI for a one-unit decrease in telomere length was 0.882 (RR=0.882, p=0.527). In the logit part (CCI = 0), the log odds of having a CCI equal to zero increased by 1.025 for telomere length (OR = 1.025, p=0.945). Within the outcomes of the ZINB model for subgroups aged 20--59 years, the expected change in the CCI for a one-unit decrease in telomere length was 0.851 (RR=0.851, p=0.531). For telomere length, the log odds of the CCI being zero increased by 2.051 (OR=2.051, p=0.025) in the logit part (CCI = 0).
Conclusions:
This study suggested that the shorter the telomere length, the higher the CCI index. Shortening of telomeres may be associated with poorer prognosis and survival. In addition, there was a positive correlation between increasing age, smoking status, BMI, and the CCI. These findings may help patients improve their behavior and lifestyle habits.
Discovery and characterization of a novel telomerase alternative splicing isoform that protects lung cancer cells from chemotherapy induced cell death.
Authors: Ludlow Andrew , Kim Jeongjin , Ahn Alexander , Ying Jeffrey 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

All cancer cells must adopt a telomere maintenance mechanism to achieve replicative immortality. Most human cancer cells utilize the enzyme telomerase to maintain telomeres. Alternative splicing of TERT regulates the amount and function of telomerase, however many alternative splicing isoforms of TERT have unknown functions. Single molecule long read RNA/cDNA sequencing of TERT revealed 45 TERT mRNA variants including 13 known and 32 novel variants. Among the variants, TERT Delta 2–4, which lacks exons 2–4 but retains the original open reading frame, was selected for further study. Induced pluripotent stem cells and cancer cells express higher levels of TERT Delta 2–4 compared to primary human bronchial epithelial cells. Overexpression of TERT Delta 2–4 enhanced clonogenicity and resistance to cisplatin-induced apoptosis. Knockdown of endogenous TERT Delta 2–4 in Calu-6 cells reduced clonogenicity and resistance to cisplatin. Our results suggest that TERT Delta 2–4 enhances cancer cells’ resistance to intrinsic apoptosis. RNA sequencing following knockdown of Delta 2–4 TERT indicates that translation is downregulated and that mitochondrial related proteins are upregulated compared to controls. Overall, our data indicate that TERT produces many isoforms that influence the function of TERT and the abundance and activity of telomerase.
Assessment of Radioactive Isotopes in Mineral Water in Arak City: Machine Learning Models for Enhancing Water Safety
Authors: Ranjbar Fatemeh , Sadeghi Hossein , Pourimani Reza , Khanmohammadi Soraya 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Humans encounter both natural and artificial radiation sources, including cosmic rays, primordial radionuclides, and radiation generated by human activities. These radionuclides can infiltrate the human body through various pathways, potentially leading to cancer and genetic mutations. A study was conducted using random sampling to assess the concentrations of radioactive isotopes and heavy metals in mineral water from Arak City. Notably, specific radiation levels of Ra-226 were not detected, whereas the concentrations of Th-232, K-40, and Cs-137 were found to be below the thresholds established by the World Health Organization (WHO). The annual effective doses derived from the consumption of bottled water were significantly lower than the limits set by the United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR), thereby reducing the risk of cancer. Furthermore, heavy metals such as lead and chromium were not present in the samples, thereby contributing to the overall safety of the water. The Machine Learning (ML) models employed in this study provided accurate predictions, ensuring reliability across various demographic groups and reinforcing the robustness of the findings. Overall, the results suggest that mineral water consumption poses minimal health risks.
Entanglement-controlled Vectorial Quantum Meta-Holography
Authors: Li Yan , Ye Sheng , Han Yue , Liu Li-Zheng , Wan Weiping , Wang Ruiqi , Xun Mingna , Li Qiang , Gong Qihuang , Wang Jianwei 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Metasurfaces can precisely manipulate the amplitude, phase, and polarization of incident light through subwavelength structures, greatly advancing the quantum meta-holographic imaging. However, the current methods of using quantum holography only control either the amplitude or the phase on the imaging plane, so the resulted scalar holography without the polarization distribution has limited imaging channels. Here, the vectorial quantum meta-holography using entangled photon-pairs is experimentally demonstrated, by simultaneously controlling the amplitude ratio between two cross-polarization holographic images and their phase difference on the image plane. Since the polarization distribution accordingly changes with the polarization state of the incident light, this approach not only reconstructs 32 incident polarization states with an average fidelity up to 94.78%, but also enables entangled idler photons to remotely control the holographic images reconstructed by the signal photons, where the signal-to-noise ratio increases to 10.78 dB, even for maximally mixed states. This vectorial meta-holography using entangled states has a larger polarization state information capacity and will facilitate miniaturized quantum imaging and efficient quantum state tomography.
Efficient predictive diagnosis for endoscopic remission in Crohn’s diseases by the combination of three non-invasive markers
Authors: Takei Kensuke , Inokuchi Toshihiro , Hiraoka Sakiko , Ishiguro Mikako , Toyosawa Junki , Aoyama Yuki , Igawa Shoko , Takeuchi Keiko , Yamasaki Yasushi , Kinugasa Hideaki , Takahara Masahiro , Kawano Seiji , Otsuka Motoyuki 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Serum C-reactive protein (CRP), leucine-rich alpha-2 glycoprotein (LRG), and fecal calprotectin (Fcal) are non-invasive markers used to diagnose the severity of Crohn’s disease (CD). However, the accuracy of these markers is not satisfactory, and most previous reports have evaluated the efficacy of each marker individually. We aimed to improve the diagnostic performance of endoscopic remission (ER) of CD by using a combination of these 3 markers.
Methods
We tested the diagnostic ability of various combinations of these 3 markers for endoscopic severity in 230 consecutive patients with CD from September 2014 to July 2023. The modified Simple Endoscopic Score for Crohn’s disease (mSES-CD) was used to determine endoscopic severity.
Results
Each of the 3 markers was correlated with mSED-CD (LRG: r = 0.69, CRP: r = 0.60, and Fcal: r = 0.67). A combination of 2 of the 3 markers did not increase the diagnostic accuracy of ER. However, by combining all 3 markers, the diagnostic ability for ER was improved in comparison to the diagnostic ability of the 3 individual markers, assuming that ER was obtained if 2 or 3 markers were negative. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were 89%, 83%, and 86%, respectively. Additionally, we established a 2-step method using Fcal values after evaluating the 2 serum markers. This method was most useful for reducing both the patient burden and costs.
Conclusions
The newly established 2-step method allowed for a higher accuracy in the non-invasive predictive diagnosis of ER when the 3 markers were combined.
Ultrasound biomicroscopy assessment of the subclinical involvement of the aqueous drainage structures after silicone oil tamponade
Authors: Mora Paolo , Bellucci Carlo , Rossi Maurizio , Avellis Fernando O. , Shkurko Benjamin D. , Romano Alessandra , Tedesco Salvatore A. , Gandolfi Stefano 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Purpose: To examine the subclinical ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) changes in the anterior segment (AS) of eyes after silicone oil tamponade (SOT) permanence.
Methods: This observational study enrolled patients undergone pars plana vitrectomy for retinal detachment with SOT. UBM was performed shortly before removing the SOT from eyes without any clinically detectable emulsion/particle in the AS (i.e., the
study cohort). For each subject, four radial scans of the AS were obtained circumferentially for both the study and the fellow non-operated eye (i.e., the control cohort). A region of interest (ROI) was identified in each UBM scan and the maximum, minimum, and mean echo-reflectivity were assessed using imageJ software.
Results: The study enrolled 33 patients (66 eyes). Of the study eyes, 15 underwent high-density tamponade (SOX), 11 underwent 2000cSt tamponade (SO2), and seven underwent 5000cSt tamponade (SO5). Significantly higher echo-reflectivity was detected in the superior quadrants of groups SO2 and SO5 (P = 0.04 and 0.02, respectively) and in the inferior quadrant of group SOX (P < 0.01) compared to the corresponding control eyes. In group SO2, the duration of the intraocular tamponade positively correlated with the number of hyper-reflective quadrants (P < 0.01). Conclusions: The significant relationship between SOT density and the localization of areas of increased echo-reflectivity supports the actual relationship between SOT trabecular impregnation and UBM findings, even in eyes free from visible emulsions. In the SO2 group, the duration of the intraocular SOT correlated with the extent of the involvement of the filtering structures.
Non-cervical diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis is a risk factor for severe cervical spinal cord injury
Authors: Nakata Tomonori , Teraguchi Masatoshi , Kozaki Takahiro , Takami Masanari , Nagata Keiji , Ishimoto Yuyu , Ueda Kentaro , Inoue Shigeaki , Yamada Hiroshi 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) is characterized by progressive ossification of the anterior longitudinal ligaments originating from the middle thoracic vertebrae, restricting spinal flexibility. Although previous studies have suggested that cervical DISH (c DISH) is associated with increased severity of paralysis, there are no studies on the impact of DISH yet to extend to the cervical region (non-c DISH) on the severity of cervical spinal cord injuries (SCIs). We aimed to explore the relationship between non-c DISH and paralysis severity in patients with SCIs..
Methods
Among the 516 patients with cervical SCIs with or without fracture between 2011 and 2023, 403 patients who underwent whole-spine computed tomography (CT) and had classifiable paralysis according to the ASIA impairment scales by the spine surgeons upon arrival at the emergency department were included. The prevalences of thoracic, cervicothoracic, thoracolumbar, and whole-spine injuries were examined. The relationships between the presence of DISH, older age (> 65 years), high-energy trauma, sex, and ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament with severe paralysis (grade A and B) were examined using analysis of variance. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to explore the relationship of severe paralysis with c DISH and non-c DISH.
Results
The prevalence of DISH was 21.1%, 5.7%, 7.9%, and 2.2% in the thoracic, cervicothoracic, thoracolumbar, and whole spine, respectively. A statistically significant difference was observed between the two groups regarding the distribution of ASIA impairment scale. Multivariate analysis revealed a significant association between severe paralysis and the presence of DISH and men. The presence of both c DISH and non-c DISH was significantly associated with severe paralysis compared to that observed for the absence of DISH.
Conclusions
This study provides novel insights indicating that severe paralysis may occur in patients with non-c DISH, which does not extend to the cervical region.
A novel signature of disulfidptosis-related lncRNAs predicts prognosis in glioma: Evidence from bioinformatic analysis and experiments
Authors: Li Taiyao , Cao Ying , Wang Jie , Tian Xiaoyuan , Yang Yanqin , Dong Bin 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background: Glioma is the most common primary malignant brain tumor, with a high mortality and morbidity rate. Disulfidptosis is a recently discovered new regulatory cell death. This study established a prognostic signature through disulfidptosis related lncRNA (DRL), and identified new prognostic biomarkers for glioma.Methods: RNA-seq and clinical data of glioma patients were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas database. 24 Disulfidptosis-related genes were obtained from previous studies. Prognosis-related DRLs were identified and used to establish the model. The predictive efficacy of the model was evaluated using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, receiver operating characteristic curves, and concordance index. Differential gene expression analysis, functional enrichment analysis, and immune-related analysis were performed to compare the differences between samples with different risk scores. Finally, the biological function of LINC02542 was validated in glioma cell lines (U251 and U87).Results We successfully developed and validated a glioma prognosis model that includes 7 DRLs. This model stratified glioma patients into low-risk and high-risk groups, with the low-risk group exhibiting significantly longer overall survival (OS). Functional enrichment analysis and immune-related analysis identified differences in immune pathways, immune cell infiltration, and immune checkpoint characteristics between the two risk groups. Drug sensitivity analysis identified several chemotherapy drugs and targeted inhibitors that are more sensitive in the high-risk population. Finally, in vitro experiments confirmed that knocking down LINC02542 can inhibit the proliferation, migration, and invasion of glioma cells.Conclusion An effective glioma prognostic model including 7 DRLs was established. LINC02542 was identified as a prospective biomarker and potential therapeutic target for glioma
Assessment of iris vasculature in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients without diabetic retinopathy using anterior segment optical coherence tomography angiography
Authors: Zhou Yue , Wang Ting , Guo Zhenhuan , She Fan , Zeng Jiahui , Zhu Xiaoyu 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background: To investigate early changes of iris vasculature intype 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients without diabetic retinopathy (DR) using anterior segment optical coherence tomography angiography (AS-OCTA), and evaluate potential factors associated with iris vasculature in this population.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. T2DM patients and healthy controls were patients who visited the Department of Ophthalmology at the Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University. Iris vessel density (IVD) was quantified using AS-OCTA (YG-100KPRO, TowardPi Medical Technology, Beijing, China). IVD was also performed in four quadrant sectors, that is nasal superior (NS), nasal inferior (NI), temporal superior (TS), and temporal inferior (TI) sectors.
Results: Thirty-six patients with T2DM and thirty-nine healthy controls were recruited in this study. IVD in T2DM patients was lower than in healthy groups, particularly in the NI (P=0.022) and TI (P=0.007) sectors of the iris. Gender was positively correlated with IVD (β=0.248, P=0.032), whereas body mass index (β=-0.270, P=0.038) and blood glucose (β=-0.271, P=0.041) were negatively correlated with IVD.
Conclusions: AS-OCTA provides a reliable method to quantify iris blood flow. Our study reveals the deterioration of the iris vascular system in patients with T2DM, even without DR. These findings highlight the significance of iris blood flow parameters in T2DM patients, which could be helpful in follow-up studies and future screening for ocular vascular diseases associated with T2DM.