bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surgical versus nonsurgical treatment of primary acute patellar dislocation
Authors: Yang Fan , Guo Wenlai , Wang Qian , Zhu Zhe , Guan Congying , Zhao Shishun , Yuan Baoming 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Background:
To systematically review the efficacy of surgical versus nonsurgical treatment for acute patellar dislocation.

Materials and Methods:
PubMed, Cochrane, and Embase were searched up to February 12, 2019. After removing duplicates, preliminary screening, and reading the full texts, we finally selected 16 articles, including 11 randomized controlled trials and 5 cohort studies. The quality of the enrolled studies was evaluated by Jadad score or Newcastle–Ottawa scale. Meta-analyses were performed using odds ratio (OR) and standardized mean difference (SMD) as effect variables. The clinical parameters assessed included mean Kujala score, rate of redislocation, incidence of patellar subluxation, patient satisfaction, and visual analog scale (VAS) for pain. Evidence levels were determined using GRADE profile.

Results:
The 16 included studies involved 918 cases, 418 in the surgical group and 500 in the nonsurgical group. The results of the meta-analysis showed higher mean Kujala score (SMD = 0.79, 95% confidence interval [CI] [0.3, 1.28], P = .002) and lower rate of redislocation (OR = 0.44, 95% CI [0.3, 0.63], P < .00001) in the surgical group than the nonsurgical group, but showed insignificant differences in the incidence of patellar subluxation (OR = 0.61, 95% CI [0.36, 1.03], P = .06), satisfaction of patients (OR = 1.44, 95% CI [0.64, 3.25], P = .38), and VAS (SMD = 0.84, 95% CI [−0.36, 9.03], P = .84).

Conclusion:
For patients with primary acute patellar dislocation, surgical treatment produces a higher mean Kujala score and a lower rate of redislocation than nonsurgical treatment.
Gastrointestinal motility should be emphasized after laparotomy treatment for complete small intestinal volvulus in older adults
Authors: Song Jianning , Ge Zhicheng , Liu Yuan , Yin Jie , Yao Hongwei , Zhang Zhongtao 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Rationale:
Complete small intestinal volvulus is a rare entity in adults, unlike partial intestinal volvulus. Although prompt surgical intervention is the mainstay of treatment, attention should also be paid to recovery of intestinal function postoperatively. Ignoring this issue during the postoperative recovery process can have serious consequences. We report the case of an 82-year-old woman with complete small intestinal volvulus at the root of the superior mesenteric vessel.

Patients concerns:
The patient was admitted for acute onset (22 hours) of abdominal pain and distention. Nausea and vomiting also developed during this period.

Diagnoses:
Abdominal physical examination was suspicious for peritoneal irritation. Computed tomography scan showed anticlockwise swirl of the mesenteric vessels at the lower margin of the pancreas with distension of the entire small intestine. A complete small intestinal volvulus was diagnosed.

Interventions:
Laparotomy and detorsion of the volvulus were performed after early diagnosis.

Outcomes:
The patient developed intestinal wall edema because of ischemic–reperfusion damage. She exhibited severe abdominal distention and absent intestinal motility. Two days later, she went into septic shock; she died 19 days after surgical intervention.

Lessons:
Because complete small intestinal volvulus involves the entire intestine, ischemic–reperfusion intestinal damage after detorsion may be severe and can predict prognosis.
Conservative tibiotalocalcaneal fusion for partial talar avascular necrosis in conjunction with ankle and subtalar joint osteoarthritis in Kashin–Beck disease
Authors: Li Liubing , Wang Ying , Zhu Zhenhua , Zhou Jupu , Li Shuyuan , Qin Jianzhong 
Published: July 2019

AbstractRationale:Kashin–Beck disease (KBD) is known for some typical characters like finger joint enlargement, shortened fingers, and dwarfism. However, Avascular necrosis (AVN) of the talus in KBD has rarely been reported in the literature. Here, we reported on a KBD patient presented with partial AVN of the talus in conjunction with ankle and subtalar arthritis.Patient concerns:A 50-year-old woman presented with severe pain and limited range of motion in her left ankle and subtalar joint while walking for 2 years. She had been walking with the aid of crutches for many years. Conservative treatment with rigid orthosis and activity restriction could not help reduce the pain in the left foot.Diagnoses:Radiographs demonstrated that partial AVN was developed in the body of the talus and arthritis was viewed in the left ankle and subtalar joint. Hence, we established the diagnosis of partial talar AVN in conjunction with ankle and subtalar arthritis.Interventions:A conservative tibiotalocalcaneal fusion attempting to preserve as much viable talar body as possible was performed using a humeral locking plate and 2 cannulated compression screws.Outcomes:Bone union proved by CT scan and a good alignment of the left limb were achieved at 4-month follow-up postoperatively.Lessons:Partial AVN of the talus along with ankle and subtalar arthritis in KBD patients has rarely been reported as it is not a common characteristic of KBD in clinical practice. Conservative tibiotalocalcaneal fusion could help preserving much more viable talar body, maintaining most structural integrity of the ankle joint, and achieving a stable and plantigrade foot postoperatively.
Acupoint herbal patching for bronchitis
Authors: Jun Ji Hee , Kim Kyeong Han , Song Eunhye , Anga Lin , Park Sunju 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Background:
Acupoint herbal patching (AHP) is widely used for symptom management in patients with acute and chronic bronchitis. The purpose of this protocol review is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of AHP for the treatment of bronchitis.

Methods and analysis:
This protocol of systematic review will be conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P). The databases searched will include PubMed, Embase, CENTRAL, Web of Science, 3 Korean medical databases (OASIS, Korea Med, and KMBASE), and the Chinese database China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI). Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) or quasi-RCTs using AHP for bronchitis will be considered. The selection of the studies, data abstraction, and validations will be performed independently by 3 researchers.

Conclusion:
The conclusion of the review will provide evidence that AHP is an effective intervention in patients with bronchitis.

Ethics and dissemination:
As individuals were not involved, ethical approval is not required. Findings will be published in a peer-reviewed journal. This systematic review may inform the treatment of bronchitis patients in clinical practice.

Registration:
This systematic review has been registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO). The reference number is CRD42018110380.
External validation of a prediction tool to estimate the risk of human immunodeficiency virus infection amongst men who have sex with men
Authors: Luo Qianqian , Huang Xiaojie , Li Lingling , Ding Yingying , Mi Guodong , Scott Sarah Robbins , Zhao Yan , Rou Keming , He Na , Wu Hao , Wu Zunyou 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
A human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) risk assessment tool was previously developed for predicting HIV infection among men who have sex with men (MSM), but was not externally validated. We evaluated the tool's validity for predicting HIV infection in an independent cohort.
The tool was assessed using data from a retrospective cohort study of HIV-negative adult MSM who were recruited in Beijing, China between January 2009 and December 2016.
High-risk behaviors occurring within 6 months before the survey were evaluated. Area under curve (AUC) of the receiver operating character curve (ROC) was used to quantify discrimination performance; calibration curve and Hosmer–Lemeshow statistic were used for calibration performance valuation; and decision curve analysis (DCA) was used to evaluate clinical usage.
One thousand four hundred forty two participants from the cohort were included in the analysis; 246 (17.1%) sero-converted during follow-up. External validation of the tool showed good calibration, the Hosmer–Lemeshow test showed no statistical difference between observed probability and tool-based predictive probability of HIV infection (X

2
= 4.55, P = .80). The tool had modest discrimination ability (AUC = 0.63, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.61–0.66). The decision curve analysis indicated that implementing treatment measures based on the tool's predicative risk thresholds ranging from 10% to 30% might increase the net benefit of treatment when compared with treating all or no MSM.
The HIV risk assessment tool can predict the actual risk of HIV infection well amongst MSM in China, but it has a moderate ability to discriminate those at high risk of HIV infection.
Influence of the HIV GWG variant in the HIV infection progression in mono and HCV coinfected patients
Authors: Hebeler-Barbosa Flavia , Massolini Viviam Milanez , Watanabe Thais , Silva Giovanni Faria , Barbosa Alexandre Naime , Simões Rafael Plana , Ferrasi Adriana Camargo , de Andrade Zanotto Paolo Marinho , de Moura Campos Pardini Maria Inês , Grotto Rejane Maria Tommasini 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The HIV subtype B is the most frequent in Brazil. The HIV subtype B’ codes the amino acids glicine-tryptophan-glicine (GWG) instead of glicine-proline-glicine on the tip of gp120 V3 loop. This variant was associated to a slower HIV progression in mono-infected patients; however, there is no information in coinfected patients. This study evaluated the infection progression of HIV variant B’ on the hepatitis C virus presence. RNA isolated from plasma of the 601 infected patients were used to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) subtyping and to classify the virus according their syncytium-inducing ability. The HIV infection progression was evaluated by clinical and laboratorial data. The results showed a significant association between HIV B’ variant and CD4 count and time of AIDS in HIV mono-infected patients. Notwithstanding the fact that we did not find a direct association between GWG variant and AIDS and in HIV coinfected patients no mitigating effect due to GWG presence was found. We did observe that the association between GWG variant and CD4 counts is lost in coinfected patients. This is first work showing influence of the HIV GWG variant in coinfected patients. Nevertheless, the presence of the GWG variant can indicate a better prognostic in the mono-infected patients.
Laparoscopic resection of intestinal stromal tumors with transrectal extract specimen
Authors: Wang Xuewei , Wang Peng , Su Hao , Liang Jianwei , Zhou Haitao , Zhou Zhixiang 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Rationale:
Small intestine stromal tumors (SISTs) are a type of gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) that has an insidious onset. Natural orifice specimen extraction (NOSE) surgery has been gradually developed for the treatment of colorectal, stomach, small intestine, hepatobiliary, and gynecological tumors because of its safety and feasibility. This case study explored the possibility of applying the NOSE method for the treatment of SIST.

Patient Concerns:
A 59-year-old male patient was admitted to the hospital after having an irregular abdominal mass for >1 month that was detected by a medical examination. Thoracic and abdominopelvic enhanced computer tomography revealed irregular masses on the left side of the abdominal cavity.

Diagnosis:
Sist.

Interventions:
Nose (laparoscopic resection of intestinal stromal tumors with transrectal extract specimen and no abdominal auxiliary incision) surgery was performed.

Outcomes:
The patient underwent operation successfully and recuperates well with no complications.

Lessons:
Nose surgery is minimally invasive, results in patient recuperation with no complications, and is considered to be feasible for SIST treatment.
Anesthesiologists’ acquisition of hepatitis B virus infection
Authors: Tian Jingling , Tan Fang , Lai Lifei , Deng Yingqing , Chi Xinjin , Geng Hongfang , Zhu Qianqian 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Occupational exposure remains a serious problem for medical staff, especially those working in operation rooms. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is prevalent in patients undergoing surgery, and anesthesiologists are at risk of occupational acquisition of blood-borne HBV infection. To the best of our knowledge, there are no data about HBV prevalence and vaccinations, as well as attitudes toward sharp injuries and gloving among anesthesiologists in China, where the HBV prevalence is high. To clarify these, the present study was conducted.
An electronic questionnaire including HBV markers, gloving during practice, and reporting patterns of sharp injuries was created and sent to anesthesiologists.
After excluding 10 uncompleted questionnaires, 1739 questionnaires were included in the final analysis. Of all analyzed anesthesiologists, 1599 (91.9%) had experienced sharp injuries, and 1313 (75.5%) had experienced >1 sharp injury. Considering HBV vaccination histories, 1381 anesthesiologists (79.4%) received 3 vaccination doses, and only half of the immunized anesthesiologists received reminder HBV vaccination doses after work before exposure. There were 696 anesthesiologists (40.0% of all participants) who were ever exposed to HBV, and nearly two-thirds of them (440) were exposed to HBV more than once. There was a more positive attitude toward gloving and double-gloving to reduce HBV exposure.
The incidence of occupational HBV exposure among anesthesiologists is high, and its threat should be considered. HBV vaccinations and adherence to postexposure guidelines are recommended. The high prevalence of sharp injuries during anesthesia practice highlights the importance of safe anesthesia practices, such as gloving or double-gloving, especially when in contact with high-risk body fluids.
Prediction of response to immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy using 18F-FDG PET/CT in patients with melanoma
Authors: Amrane Karim , Le Goupil Delphine , Quere Gilles , Delcroix Olivier , Gouva Sylvie , Schick Ulrike , Salaun Pierre-Yves , Abgral Ronan , Alavi Zarrin , Keromnes Nathalie , Querellou Solène 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
We aimed to assess serial 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging according to morphological (RECIST1.1, iRECIST) and functional (PERCIST, PECRIT) criteria to predict clinical response to therapy in patients with advanced melanoma receiving immune checkpoint blocking agents.
Retrospective data collection and analysis was done for 37 patients with unresectable metastatic cutaneous melanoma eligible for immunotherapy (cycles: 4 for ipilimumab and pembrolizumab/ 6 for nivolumab).18F-FDG PET/CT imaging was performed prior to (18F-FDG PET/CT 0) and 14 weeks after ICI onset (18F-FDG PET/CT 1). Some cases during the follow-up required imaging (18F-FDG PET/CT 2). Assessment of patient response to treatment was done according to RECIST1.1, iRECIST, PERCIST and PECRIT criteria.
Among 37 assessed patients, 27 had 1 line of ICI, 8 had 2 lines of ICI and 2 patients had 3 lines of ICI: total of 49 PET/CTs. Mean time between initiation of ICI and 18F-FDG PET/CT (1 or 2) were respectively 13.82 ± 4.32 and 24.73 ± 9.53 weeks. Time between 18F-FDG PET/CT 1 and 18F-FDG PET/CT 2 was at mean +/− SD: 11.19w ± 5.59. Median PFS was 29.62 months (range 22.52–36.71) (P = .001: RECIST 1.1), (P < .0001: iRECIST), (P = .000: PERCIST), (P = .072: PECRIT). Median OS was 36.62 months (30.46–42.78) (P = .005: RECIST 1.1), (P < .0001: iRECIST), (P = .001: PERCIST), (P = .082 PECRIT).

18F-FDG PET/CT could detect eventual ICI-response in patients with metastatic melanoma undergoing ICI using iRECIST and PERCIST criteria
Squawks in interstitial lung disease prevalence and causes in a cohort of one thousand patients
Authors: Pereira Carlos A.C. , Soares Maria R. , Boaventura Rafaela , Castro Marina D.C. , Gomes Paula S. , Gimenez Andrea , Fukuda Cesar , Cerezoli Milena , Missrie Israel 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Squawks are lung adventitious sounds with a mix of both musical and nonmusical components heard during the inspiratory phase. Small series have described squawks in interstitial lung diseases. Hypersensitivity pneumonitis and other diseases involving small airways can result in squawks, but new interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) involving peripheral airways are being described. A retrospective analysis was performed on 1000 consecutive patients from a database of ILD of a tertiary referral center. Squawks were recorded in 49 cases (4.9%), hypersensitivity pneumonitis (23 cases), connective tissue disease (7), microaspiration (4), pleuroparenchymal fibroelastosis (4), fibrosing cryptogenic organizing pneumonia (, 3), familial ILD (2), sarcoidosis (2), idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF; 1), bronchiolitis (2), and nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (1). One patient had a final diagnosis of IPF. There was a significant association between mosaic pattern and squawks: 20 cases with squawks (40.8%) had mosaic pattern compared with 140 (14.7%) cases without squawks (x
2 = 23.6, P < .001).
Findings indicative of fibrosis were described on high-resolution chest tomography (HRCT) in 715 cases (71.5%). Squawks were more common in patients with findings indicative of fibrosis on HRCT: 45 of 715 (6.3%) compared with 4 of 285 (1.4%) of those without findings indicative of fibrosis (x
2 = 10.46, P = .001).
In conclusion, squawks are an uncommon finding on physical examination in patients with ILD, but when present suggest fibrosing ILD associated with bronchiolar involvement. However, squawks are rare in IPF.
Lens capsular flap in the management of posterior retinal hole associated retinal detachment in high myopic eyes with previous internal limiting membrane peeling
Authors: Chen Yen-Chih , Yang Chung-May , Chen San-Ni 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Rationale:
Managing retinal detachment due to posterior retinal holes is problematic since standard laser retinopexy or scleral buckling may be difficult to apply and may have brought serious complication. Another surgical method in treating posterior hole related retinal detachment is desired.

Patient concerns:
Three high myopia patients with previous vitrectomy and membrane peeling history suffered from blurred vision and retinal detachment due to posterior pole retinal holes was diagnosed.

Diagnoses:
Patient diagnosed retinal detachment due to posterior retinal holes either as paracentral retinal breaks or macular hole from both indirect ophthalmoscope exam and fundus photography

Interventions:
The patient underwent lens capsular flap insertion into all the retinal holes, along with gas tamponade or silicone oil tamponade. No laser retinopexy was performed around the retinal holes.

Outcomes:
Of 3 included patients, 1 patient had insertion of the lens capsular flap, an incomplete air-fluid exchange, and 24% sulfur hexafluoride gas tamponade. The other 2 patients, after lens capsular flap insertion, had air-fluid exchange and subretinal fluid drainage with extrusion via soft needle through superior drainage retinotomy and silicon oil tamponade. The retinal holes of all eyes were sealed with retina attached postoperatively.

Lessons:
Lens capsular flap is effective in sealing posterior retinal holes and treating the associated retinal detachment without the complication resulting from laser retinopexy, especially in eyes without sufficient internal limiting membrane (ILM) tissue due to previous ILM peeling.
Quantitative CT texture analysis for diagnosing systemic sclerosis
Authors: Milanese Gianluca , Mannil Manoj , Martini Katharina , Maurer Britta , Alkadhi Hatem , Frauenfelder Thomas 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
To test whether texture analysis (TA) can discriminate between Systemic Sclerosis (SSc) and non-SSc patients in computed tomography (CT) with different radiation doses and reconstruction algorithms.
In this IRB-approved retrospective study, 85 CT scans at different radiation doses [49 standard dose CT (SDCT) with a volume CT dose index (CTDIvol) of 4.86 ± 2.1 mGy and 36 low-dose (LDCT) with a CTDIvol of 2.5 ± 1.5 mGy] were selected; 61 patients had Ssc (“cases”), and 24 patients had no SSc (“controls”). CT scans were reconstructed with filtered-back projection (FBP) and with sinogram-affirmed iterative reconstruction (SAFIRE) algorithms. 304 TA features were extracted from each manually drawn region-of-interest at 6 pre-defined levels: at the midpoint between lung apices and tracheal carina, at the level of the tracheal carina, and 4 between the carina and pleural recesses. Each TA feature was averaged between these 6 pre-defined levels and was used as input in the machine learning algorithm artificial neural network (ANN) with backpropagation (MultilayerPerceptron) for differentiating between SSc and non-SSc patients.
Results were compared regarding correctly/incorrectly classified instances and ROC-AUCs.
ANN correctly classified individuals in 93.8% (AUC = 0.981) of FBP-LDCT, in 78.5% (AUC = 0.859) of FBP-SDCT, in 91.1% (AUC = 0.922) of SAFIRE3-LDCT and 75.7% (AUC = 0.815) of SAFIRE3-SDCT, in 88.1% (AUC = 0.929) of SAFIRE5-LDCT and 74% (AUC = 0.815) of SAFIRE5-SDCT.
Quantitative TA-based discrimination of CT of SSc patients is possible showing highest discriminatory power in FBP-LDCT images.
Epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors combined with thoracic radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy for advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis of single-arm trials
Authors: Liu Ruifeng , Wei Shihong , Zhang Qiuning , Zhang Xueliang , Luo Hongtao , Tian Jinhui , Li Yi , Ge Long , Wang Xiaohu 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Background:
Preclinical in vitro experiments demonstrated that epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) might have synergistic effect in combination with radiotherapy on Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but the clinical trials showed inconsistence results in NSCLC patients with EGFR status unknow or mutations. This study aimed to determine if added TKIs to Thoracic radiotherapy (TRT) improve primary disease response rate (RR) and survival outcomes in advanced or metastatic NSCLC.

Methods:
We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library from January 2000 to December 2017 for eligible studies where patients received concurrent EGFR TKIs and TRT or CRT. Concerned outcomes were primary tumor RR, overall survival (OS), and adverse events (AEs). The meta-analysis was performed using Stata software (version 12.0). Random effects models were used to pool outcomes across studies. Sensitivity analysis was performed to determine if the results would be different.

Results:
We found 16 prospective clinical trials with mature results for meta-analyses. Twelve studies including 446 patients reported the RR and survival outcomes of TRT combined TKIs. The CR, PR, SD, and PD, respectively, were 0.06 (95% CI 0.03–0.09, I2 = 0%), 0.44 (95% CI 0.38–0.49, I2 = 64.9%), 0.29 (95% CI 0.24–0.34, I2 = 78.4%), and 0.15 (95% CI 0.11–0.19, I2 = 84.2%). One- and 2-year OS, respectively, were 0.52 (95% CI 0.44–0.60, I2 = 38.8%) and 0.26 (95% CI 0.18–0.33, I2 = 0%). Four studies including 182 patients reported the RR and survival outcomes of CRT combined TKIs. The pooled CR, PR, SD, and PD, respectively, were 0.12 (95% CI 0.02–0.22, I2 = 69.1%), 0.41 (95% CI 0.27–0.55, I2 = 71.6%), 0.31 (95% CI 0.16–0.46, I2 = 79%), and 0.14 (95% CI −0.01–0.30, I2 = 87.8%). Only 1 study reported the survival event rate, 1- and 2-year OS, respectively, were 0.83 (95% CI 0.71–0.94) and 0.67 (95% CI 0.54–0.81). There were not severe adverse events (SAEs) reported either TRT combined TKIs or CRT combined TKIs.

Conclusion:
There is evidence, albeit of low quality, that added the TKIs to TRT or CRT may improve RR and survival outcomes in patients with EGFR mutant status unknown advanced or metastatic NSCLC relative to other studies of TKIs alone, TRT alone or CRT.