bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metabolome and transcriptome analyses reveal quality change in the orange-rooted Salvia miltiorrhiza (Danshen) from cultivated field
Authors: Zhan Zhilai , Fang Wentao , Ma Xiaohui , Chen Tong , Cui Guanghong , Ma Ying , Kang Liping , Nan Tiegui , Lin Huixin , Tang Jinfu , Zhang Yan , Lai Changjiangsheng , Ren Zhenli , Wang Yanan , Zhao Yujun , Shen Ye , Wang Ling , Zeng Wen , Guo Juan , Huang Luqi 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
The dry root and rhizome of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, or Danshen, is a well-known, traditional Chinese medicine. Tanshinones are active compounds that accumulate in the periderm, resulting in red-colored roots. However, lines with orange roots have been observed in cultivated fields. Here, we performed metabolome and transcriptome analyses to investigate the changes of orange-rooted Danshen.

Methods
Metabolome analysis was performed by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC/Q-Tof–MS) to investigate the metabolites variation between orange Danshen and normal Danshen. RNA sequencing and KEGG enrichment analysis were performed to analyzing the differentially expressed genes between orange-rooted and normal Danshen.

Results
In total, 40 lipophilic components were detected in metabolome analysis, and seven compounds were significantly decreased in the orange Danshen, including the most abundant active compounds, tanshinone IIA and tanshinone I in normal Danshen. Systematic analysis of transcriptome profiles revealed that the down-regulated genes related to catalytic dehydrogenation was not detected. However, two genes related to stress resistance, and four genes related to endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated degradation of proteins were up-regulated in orange Danshen.

Conclusions
Decreases in the content of dehydrogenated furan ring tanshinones such as tanshinone IIA resulted in phenotypic changes and quality degradation of Danshen. Transcriptome analysis indicated that incorrect folding and ER-associated degradation of corresponding enzymes, which could catalyze C15-C16 dehydrogenase, might be contributed to the decrease in dehydrogenated furan ring tanshinones, rather than lower expression of the relative genes. This limited dehydrogenation of cryptotanshinone and dihydrotanshinone I into tanshinones IIA and I products, respectively, led to a reduced quality of Danshen in cultivated fields.
Comparison of tension band wiring and other tibial tuberosity advancement techniques for cranial cruciate ligament repair: an experimental study
Authors: McCartney William , Ober Ciprian , Benito Maria , MacDonald Bryan 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundCranial cruciate ligament (CCL) rupture is one of the most common causes of limb lameness in dogs. Surgical techniques based on tibial osteotomies such as tibial plateau leveling osteotomy and tibial tuberosity advancement are used to eliminate dynamic thrust. Tibial tuberosity advancement (TTA) uses an osteotomy fixated by cage, plates, forks and screws to change the relationship of the patellar tendon and tibial plateau angle. Tension band wiring technique is one of the most common surgical methods used to treat a tension fracture and remains the gold standard for the treatment of tibial tuberosity fractures. In this study, we compared experimentally the biomechanical effect of application of tension band wiring compared to other techniques for the fixation of the TTA osteotomy. The techniques compared to are standard commercially available systems for TTA fixation.ResultsTension band wiring (TBW) presented the higher resistance to failure compared to all the other surgical procedures, with the highest values found in the TBW group with 1.47 ± 0.07 N and the lowest in the TTA cage (0.82 ± 0.08) and TTA-2 (0.85 ± 0.06) groups with statistically significant differences in all cases (P < 0.001). TTA rapid and TTA plate groups exhibited a similar strength, and same happened between TTA-2 and TTA cage groups. All the other comparisons by pair were significantly different with P < 0.001.ConclusionsResults suggest that fixating the osteotomy with tension band wiring increases the strength of the fixation and decrease the risk of implant failure. Further clinical studies are needed to demonstrate in vivo reliability and to test different variables such as size and weight of dogs. These results could have important clinical implications in the treatment of CCL ruptures.
Neglected tropical diseases in the People’s Republic of China: progress towards elimination
Authors: Qian Men-Bao , Chen Jin , Bergquist Robert , Li Zhong-Jie , Li Shi-Zhu , Xiao Ning , Utzinger Jürg , Zhou Xiao-Nong 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China in 1949, considerable progress has been made in the control and elimination of the country’s initial set of 11 neglected tropical diseases. Indeed, elimination as a public health problem has been declared for lymphatic filariasis in 2007 and for trachoma in 2015. The remaining numbers of people affected by soil-transmitted helminth infection, clonorchiasis, taeniasis, and echinococcosis in 2015 were 29.1 million, 6.0 million, 366 200, and 166 100, respectively. In 2017, after more than 60 years of uninterrupted, multifaceted schistosomiasis control, has seen the number of cases dwindling from more than 10 million to 37 600. Meanwhile, about 6000 dengue cases are reported, while the incidence of leishmaniasis, leprosy, and rabies are down at 600 or fewer per year. Sustained social and economic development, going hand-in-hand with improvement of water, sanitation, and hygiene provide the foundation for continued progress, while rigorous surveillance and specific public health responses will consolidate achievements and shape the elimination agenda. Targets for poverty elimination and strategic plans and intervention packages post-2020 are important opportunities for further control and elimination, when remaining challenges call for sustainable efforts.
Binge eating symptoms prevalence and relationship with psychosocial factors among female undergraduate students at Palestine Polytechnic University: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Badrasawi Manal M. , Zidan Souzan J. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundEating disorders pose a serious challenge to health services due to psychosocial and medical problems. Binge eating disorder (BED) is characterized as a pattern of overeating episodes followed by shame, distress and guilty feelings. Among eating disorders, BED has the highest prevalence, especially among females. The literature reported that BED is associated with nutritional status, socio-demographic factors, and psychological factors in different countries. This study aims to examine the prevalence of binge eating symptoms and its relationship with selected variables (i.e. socio-demographics, nutritional status and dietary habits).MethodsOne hundred fifty-four female undergraduate students, from three different faculties at Palestine Polytechnic University, participated in the study. All the students who consented to join the study were assessed in terms of weight status using body mass index, dietary habits and medical profile. The screening for presence of binge eating symptoms was done using BEDS-7. The psychosocial factors were assessed by validated Arabic version of DASS-21.ResultsHalf of the participants (50%) had binge eating symptoms. No association between binge eating symptoms and socio-demographic variables was found. Similarly, binge eating symptoms was not related to body weight status, however, it was associated with eating between meals and number of snacks. A significantly higher score on depression, stress and anxiety was found among binge eaters than non-binge eaters.ConclusionIt was concluded that binge eating symptoms have considerable prevalence among the study participants, and it was significantly correlated with psychosocial factors. Future studies are needed to examine other risk factors and correlations. Educational programs are also recommended to increase the awareness of eating disorders as well as to promote healthy eating patterns.
Review: corneal endothelial cell derivation methods from ES/iPS cells
Authors: Hatou Shin , Shimmura Shigeto 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Globally, approximately 12.7 million people are awaiting a transplantation, while only 185,000 cases of corneal transplantation are performed in a year. Corneal endothelial dysfunction (bullous keratopathy) due to Fuchs’ corneal endothelial dystrophy, or insults associated with intraocular surgeries, shared half of all indications for corneal transplantation. Regenerative therapy for corneal endothelium independent of eye bank eyes has great importance to solve the large supply-demand mismatching in corneal transplantation and reduce the number of worldwide corneal blindness. If corneal endothelial cells could be derived from ES or iPS cells, these stem cells would be the ideal cell source for cell therapy treatment of bullous keratopathy. Four representative corneal endothelial cell derivation methods were reviewed. Components in earlier methods included lens epithelial cell-conditioned medium or fetal bovine serum, but the methods have been improved and materials have been chemically more defined over the years. Conditioned medium or serum is replaced to recombinant proteins and small molecule compounds. These improvements enabled to open the corneal endothelial developmental mechanisms, in which epithelial-mesenchymal and mesenchymal-endothelial transition by TGF beta, BMP, and Wnt signaling have important roles. The protocols are gradually approaching clinical application; however, proof of efficacy and safety of the cells by adequate animal models are the challenges for the future.
Searching for the Reference Point
Authors: Baillon Aurélien , Bleichrodt Han , Spinu Vitalie 
Published: October 2019

Although reference dependence plays a central role in explaining behavior, little is known about the way that reference points are selected. This paper identifies empirically which reference point people use in decision under risk. We assume a comprehensive reference-dependent model that nests the main reference-dependent theories, including prospect theory, and that allows for isolating the reference point rule from other behavioral parameters. Our experiment involved high stakes with payoffs up to a week’s salary. We used an optimal design to select the choices in the experiment and Bayesian hierarchical modeling for estimation. The most common reference points were the status quo and a security level (the maximum of the minimal outcomes of the prospects in a choice). We found little support for the use of expectations-based reference points. This paper was accepted by David Simchi-Levi, decision analysis.
The possible protective effects of saccharum officinarum l. (sugar cane) juice co-supplementation on gentamicin induced acute renal toxicity in adult albino rats
Authors: Y. A. Hussein Asmaa , Shaban EL-Shafey Rabab 
Published: October 2019

Gentamicin (GM) is an effective and probably the most commonly used aminoglycosides antibiotic, however the risk of causing nephrotoxicity limits its use. In the present study, the possible protective effects of Saccharum officinarum L. (sugar cane juice) on gentamicin induced acute oxidative renal injury in experimental rats were investigated. Twenty adult albino rats were randomly allocated into four groups (5 rats in each) and treated once daily for a period of 7 days as follows; group A being the negative control and was injected intraperitoneal with normal saline, group B (sugar cane juice treated group) was given sugar cane juice orally at a dose of 15 ml/kg/day, group C (GM treated group) and group D (sugar cane juice + GM treated group) were the experimental groups and were injected intraperitoneal with (80 mg/kg/day GM) & (sugar cane juice 15 ml/kg/day orally + 80 mg/kg/day GM intraperitoneal) respectively. By the end of the experiment, the biochemical kidney functions tests (urinary cystatin C and kidney injury molecule-1, blood urea and creatinine) were investigated. Also, oxidative stress parameters (malondialdehyde [MDA] level, superoxide dismutase [SOD] & glutathione peroxidase [GPX] enzymatic activity) in renal tissue were evaluated. Histopathological examinations of kidney were done to assess the degree of renal protection induced by sugarcane juice, Gentamicin treated rats showed; marked significant rise in the biochemical kidney functions tests and lipid peroxidation (MDA) parameter in renal tissues, along with significant reduction in renal tissue antioxidant enzymatic activity of both SOD & GPX. However, co-administration of sugar cane juice in group D leading to marked reduction in previous biochemical markers and MDA levels together with significant elevated renal SOD &GPX enzymatic activity which nearly tend to return to normal values. The histopathological examination of groups A and B showed normal kidney structure which was deranged in group C (GM treated), whereas group D showed significant recovery in histological structures. Gentamicin induced acute renal injury and oxidative damage. Co-administration of sugar cane juice may reduce this damage by improving antioxidant defense and tissue integrity in experimental albino rats.Â Â Â
Genetic testing in ovarian cancer – clinical impact and current practices
Authors: Knabben Laura , Imboden Sara , Mueller Michel D. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
Clinical practices and testing strategies in patients with ovarian cancer differ worldwide. We therefor wanted to give an overview over the current data to advise best clinical practice.

Materials and methods
A systematic review of the literature was performed with the aim to define which ovarian cancer patients to refer for genetic counseling and how to perform genetic testing. We also discuss the timing of genetic testing and clinical relevance of the BRCA mutation status.

Results
The germline mutation rate in patients with ovarian cancer is high, independent of family history, age at diagnosis and histology. BRCA mutation carriers with ovarian cancer have improved survival rates. In recurrent ovarian cancer treatment by poly ADP ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitors improves the disease-free survival in patients with BRCA mutations or homologous recombination deficiency with hazard ratios up to 0.23. But also patients with BRCA wild type show a benefit. The recently published SOLO-1 trial demonstrated a significant benefit for patients with germline BRCA mutations in the first line setting. By tumor testing about 7% additional BRCA mutations can be found but the somatic testing and interpretation of the results remains a challenge. Despite the clinical impact, analysis of our own data and also international publications show insufficient referral rates for genetic counseling.

Conclusions
Genetic testing in ovarian cancer has a prognostic and predictive value. Referral rates must be improved.
Developing interlanguage: Driving forces in children learning Dutch and German
Authors: Jordens Peter , Bittner Dagmar 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Spontaneous language learning both in children learning their mother tongue and in adults learning a second language shows that language development proceeds in a stage-wise manner. Given that a developmental stage is defined as a coherent linguistic system, utterances of language learners can be accounted for in terms of what (Selinker, Larry. 1972. Interlanguage. International Review of Applied Linguistics 10. 209–231) referred to with the term Interlanguage. This paper is a study on the early interlanguage systems of children learning Dutch and German as their mother tongue. The present child learner systems, so it is claimed, are coherent lexical systems based on types of verb-argument structure that are either agentive (as in Dutch: kannie bal pakke ‘cannot ball get’, or German: mag nich nase putzen ‘like not nose clean’) or non-agentive (as in Dutch: popje valt bijna ‘doll falls nearly’, or in German: ente fällt ‘duck falls’). At this lexical stage, functional morphology (e. g. morphological finiteness, tense), function words (e. g. auxiliary verbs, determiners) and word order variation are absent. For these typically developing children, both in Dutch and in German, it is claimed that developmental progress is driven by the acquisition of the formal properties of topicalization. It is, furthermore, argued that this feature seems to serve as the driving force in the instantiation of the functional, i. e. informational linguistic properties of the target-language system.
Shifting Liability with Licensing: An Empirical Analysis of Medical Malpractice and Scope-of-Practice Laws
Authors: McMichael Benjamin J. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Medical malpractice liability plays an important role in the healthcare system, as evidenced by the many studies finding that changes in malpractice liability risk induce changes in the delivery and consumption of care. Importantly, the effect of malpractice liability depends on who is held liable, and recent developments in the healthcare system have clouded which providers face the risk of liability in certain situations. In particular, as the United States continues to face a physician shortage, nurse practitioners (NPs) have assumed greater roles within the healthcare system. Their ability to provide care, however, depends on state scope-of-practice (SOP) laws which often mandate that physicians supervise NPs’ practices. These mandatory supervision laws can facilitate the ability of injured patients to use various familiar doctrines, e. g. respondeat superior and negligent supervision, to hold supervising physicians liable based on the acts of NPs. As healthcare becomes increasingly team-based and as NPs deliver more care traditionally provided by physicians, understanding the interaction between malpractice liability and SOP laws will become critical.
This Article reports novel empirical evidence on the interplay between malpractice liability and SOP laws. Examining a unique dataset of the malpractice premiums charged to physicians in various specialties, I analyze the extent to which SOP laws requiring that physicians supervise the practices of NPs impact the malpractice liability risk faced by physicians. In general, eliminating physician supervision requirements reduce the malpractice risk faced by physicians (as measured by the premiums paid to insure against this risk) by 7.5 %. In addition to elucidating a previously unappreciated interaction between tort law and state SOP laws, this evidence suggests that the imposition of physician supervision requirements may blunt the role of tort law in deterring the provision of unsafe or low-quality care. If SOP laws facilitate the shifting of liability risk from NPs to physicians through various tort doctrines, then neither NPs nor physicians will be appropriately deterred. Indeed, reaching optimal deterrence for one group would necessarily imply suboptimality for the other. This Article reviews several options to address this problem and recommends removing physician supervision requirements from state SOP laws.
MEMBANGUN POLA KOMUNIKASI DAKWAH SEBAGAI ALTERNATIF MENCEGAH SIKAP INTOLERANSI BERAGAMA
Authors: Burhanuddin Burhanuddin 
Published: October 2019

Kegiatan dakwah, merupakan bentuk dari komunikasi karena di dalamnya ada penyampai pesan (da’i) dan penerima pesan (mad’u). Dakwah sebagai proses komunikasi membutuhkan upaya-upaya yang harus didesain secara strategis sebagaimana sebuah komunikasi yang efektif yang mempertimbangkan efek dari komunikan. Berhasil tidaknya kegiatan dakwah tidak terlepas dari bagaimana proses komunikasi antarpelaku dakwah (da’i dan mad’u) berlangsung. Jadi, disinilah kontribusi komunikasi menjadi hal penting yang harus dipertimbangkan dalam kegiatan dakwah. Artinya, secara teoritis, teori-teori komunikasi sebagai sebuah ilmu akan memberikan kontribusi dalam merancang kegiatan dakwah yang efektif, sehingga pesan-pesan islam yang menjadi isi materi dakwah dapat tersampaikan dan berefek pada perubahan sikap mad’u ke arah yang lebih baik sesuai tujuan kehidupan Islam, bahagia dunia akherat. Membangun pola komunikasi dakwah yang baik dapat mencegah terjadinya konflik-konflik keagamaan di masyarakat. Pesan dakwah yang menyampaikan nilai ketuhanan sejatinya harus dipahami sebagai perwujudan nilai-nilai toleransi, persaudaraan, dan sebagai wujud dialog internal umat beragama serta sebagai upaya membangun kesadaran demi terciptanya kerukunan antarumat beragama. Membangun nuansa harmonisasi merupakan harapan terhadap negara yang majemuk namun untuk merealisasikannya tentu memerlukan suatu upaya dan pola komunikasi yang efektif. Abstract: Da’wah as an activity, is a form of communication because there are messengers (da’i) and recipients (mad’u). Da’wah as a communication process requires efforts that must be strategically designed as an effective communication that takes the effects of the communicant. Success or failure of the da’wah activities cannot be separated from how the communication process between da’i (da’i and mad’u) took place. So, this is where the contribution of communication becomes an important thing to be considered in the activities of da’wah. That is, theoretically, communication theories as a science will contribute in designing an effective da’wah activities, so that Islamic messages into the content of da’wah material can be conveyed and effect on changes in attitude of mad’u to a better direction according to the purpose of life in Islam, life blissfully in this world until akherat.The true meaning of divinity must be understood as the embodiment of the values of tolerance, brotherhood, and as a form of internal dialogue of religious people as an effort to build awareness for the creation of harmony among religious followers. Building harmonious nuances is the hope of a plural country but to realize it would require an effort and an effective pattern of communication.Keywords: da’wa communication, alternative, pluralism, tasamuh and religious intolerance
Beralih ke Haluan Islamisme: Gen Z, Media Sosial & Intoleransi di Indonesia
Authors: Romli R Cecep 
Published: October 2019

Saat ini, politik identitas dan islamisme tampak menguat pada banyak kanal media sosial. Tulisan ini ingin mencermati sejauhmana mainstream moderatisme NU dan Muhammadiyah digerogoti oleh intoleransi Islamisme. Berpijak pada data berbagai survei—dan merujuk pada definisi islamisme dari Mozaffari —, ditemukan bahwa tak sedikit pengajar serta siswa dan mahasiswa (generasi Z) yang merasa dekat dengan NU dan Muhammadiyah, namun bersimpati atau bahkan “menyeberang” ke haluan islamisme.Kata Kunci: Gen Z, Islamisme, Moderatisme, Kampanye, Media Sosial, Industri Kebencian
Fenomena Tarekat di Zaman Now: Telaah atas Ajaran dan Amalan TQN Suryalaya
Authors: Usman Asep 
Published: October 2019

Tarekat merupakan anak kandung tasawuf amali. Secara harfiah tarekat berasal dari kata al-tharîqah yang berarti cara, jalan atau metodologi. Dalam tasawuf tarekat adalah cara, jalan atau metodologi guna mencapai tujuan tasawuf, yaitu kesucian jiwa, kedekatan diri dengan Allah dan merasakan kehadiran-Nya. Tasawuf amali dibangun di atas prinsip “ilmu amaliah, amal ilmiah” yang biasanya dipraktekkan dengan mengikuti tarekat di bawah bimbingan seorang mursyid. Pembahasan tentang tarekat bisa dilihat dari lima aspek yang berikut: Pertama, tarekat ditinjau dari segi etimologi. Kedua, tarekat sebagai peringkat penghayatan keislaman kaum Muslimin. Ketiga, tarekat sebagai jalan, cara metode yang dilakukan para sufi dalam menyucikan jiwa, mendekatkan diri kepada Allah dan merasakan kehadiran-Nya di dalam kalbu. Keempat, tarekat sebagai metode psikologis yang dilakukan mursyid dalam membimbing murid-muridnya guna merasakan dzikir kalbu. .