bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatment of Neonatal Tetanus with High Dosage Diazepam
Authors: Dharmawati Tjut , Rizal Fauzi , Lubis Munar , Yoel Chairul , Pasaribu Syahril , Lubis Chairuddin P. 
Published: January 2019

A retrospective study on neonatal tetanus, among patients hospitalized at the pediatric ward of Dr. Pirngadi Hospital Medan, bad been conducted from january 1987 through December 1991. There were 75 cases out of 13,581 patients hospitalized (0.55%) in that period, consisting of 44 boys (58.66%) and31 girls (47 3 %) with an overall case fatality rate of 33.33%.
Of 18 patients with an incubation period of 5 days or less, 12 (66.66%) died, while of 4 patients with an incubation period of more than 10 days, there were not any death at all. Diazepam had been given in a dosage of 10-40 mg/kg body weight/day . Diazepam of 10-19 mg/kg body weight/day was given to 4 cases, and the case fatality rate was 25% . Of 42 cases treated with diazepam of 30-40 mg/kg body weight/day, the case fatality rate was 42.85% The duration of hospitalization varied between ten hours to 34 days. All deaths (25 cases) occurred within the first seven days of hospitaltization. The most common accompanying disease was bronchopneumonia (6 cases). Endotracheal intubation were performed on 11 cases, while the mechanical ventilator in 1 case with a case fataliy rate of 27,27% and 0% respectively.
Multidrug Resistant Transfusion Vivax Malaria
Authors: Tjitra Emiliana , Lukito Bondan , Gunawan Suriadi 
Published: January 2019

A 17-day-old premature baby girl had received a blood exchange transfusion because of hyperbilirubinemia and got another blood transfusion because of severe anemia on day 45. The diagnosis of transfusion vivax malaria was made when she had severe anemia again on day 78. The most predominant clinical signs were fever, anemia, hepatosplenomegaly, and thrombocytopenia. Treatment with chloroquine 25 mg base/kg BW showed resistance at RIII level on a 7 -day follow up. She was retreated. with quinine 10 mg salt/age in month divided in 3 doses/day for 7 days. lt also showed resistance at late RI level on day-30. Then she was retreated with quinine 15 mg salt/age in month divided in 3 doses/day for 7 days and still showed resistance at late Rl level on day 32. Finally she was treated with quinine 10 mg salt/kg BW /dose, tid for 7 days which was effective. During the course of treatment, no adverse reactions were found clinically. This malaria case was transfusion vivax malaria resistant to choloroquine at R III level and to quinine at late RI level. Quinine 10 mg salt/BW I dose tid for 7 days was effective and safe for infants.
La autorreferencialidad en el cine documental en América Latina
Authors: Calvo de Castro Pablo , Marcos Ramos María 
Published: January 2019

Uno de los elementos más significativos para el cine documental contemporáneo, analizando el posicionamiento del autor respecto a la obra y a la realidad, es la cuestión de la autorreferencialidad, donde el autor se mira a sí mismo o reelabora la imagen ajena desde su punto de vista. Esta tendencia es compartida en el cine documental y en la literatura, como perspectiva subjetiva y personal, aunque sufre un periodo de ruptura en ambos géneros a partir del desencanto de la producción cinematográfica y la producción literaria tras la Segunda Guerra Mundial. En las décadas posteriores a este hecho y hasta la actualidad, se observa una clara evolución de esta tendencia reflejada en este artículo a través de varios ejemplos de la cinematografía documental de América Latina.
Grey Matter Volume Differences Associated with Extremely Low Levels of Cannabis Use in Adolescence
Authors: Orr Catherine , Spechler Philip , Cao Zhipeng , Albaugh Matthew , Chaarani Bader , Mackey Scott , D'Souza Deepak , Allgaier Nicholas , Banaschewski Tobias , Bokde Arun L.W. , Bromberg Uli , Büchel Christian , Burke Quinlan Erin , Conrod Patricia , Desrivières Sylvane , Flor Herta , Frouin Vincent , Gowland Penny , Heinz Andreas , Ittermann Bernd , Martinot Jean-Luc , Martinot Marie-Laure Paillère , Nees Frauke , Papadopoulos Orfanos Dimitri , Paus Tomáš , Poustka Luise , Millenet Sabina , Fröhner Juliane H. , Radhakrishnan Rajiv , Smolka Michael N. , Walter Henrik , Whelan Robert , Schumann Gunter , Potter Alexandra , Garavan Hugh 
Published: January 2019

Rates of cannabis use among adolescents are high, and are increasing concurrent with changes in the legal status of marijuana and societal attitudes regarding its use. Recreational cannabis use is understudied, especially in the adolescent period when neural maturation may make users particularly vulnerable to the effects of Δ-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) on brain structure. In the current study, we used voxel-based morphometry to compare gray matter volume (GMV) in forty-six 14-year-old human adolescents (males and females) with just one or two instances of cannabis use and carefully matched THC-naive controls. We identified extensive regions in the bilateral medial temporal lobes as well as the bilateral posterior cingulate, lingual gyri, and cerebellum that showed greater GMV in the cannabis users. Analysis of longitudinal data confirmed that GMV differences were unlikely to precede cannabis use. GMV in the temporal regions was associated with contemporaneous performance on the Perceptual Reasoning Index and with future generalized anxiety symptoms in the cannabis users. The distribution of GMV effects mapped onto biomarkers of the endogenous cannabinoid system providing insight into possible mechanisms for these effects.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTAlmost 35% of American 10th graders have reported using cannabis and existing research suggests that initiation of cannabis use in adolescence is associated with long-term neurocognitive effects. We understand very little about the earliest effects of cannabis use, however, because most research is conducted in adults with a heavy pattern of lifetime use. This study presents evidence suggesting structural brain and cognitive effects of just one or two instances of cannabis use in adolescence. Converging evidence suggests a role for the endocannabinoid system in these effects. This research is particularly timely as the legal status of cannabis is changing in many jurisdictions and the perceived risk by youth associated with smoking cannabis has declined in recent years.
Knygos muziejus: kai kurie probleminiai teoriniai ir istoriniai aspektai
Authors: Braziūnienė Alma 
Published: January 2019

[straipsnis ir santrauka lietuvių kalba; santrauka anglų kalba]
Straipsnyje svarstomi probleminiai teoriniai knygos muziejų aspektai (jų funkcijos, rūšys, specifika kitų muziejų kontekste, panašumai ir skirtumai lyginant su bibliotekų dokumentinio paveldo padaliniais), nagrinėjami knygos muziejų steigties, raidos, registracijos, paplitimo Europoje XX a. antrojoje pusėje klausimai. Išsiaiškinta, kad nors knygos muziejaus ir bibliotekų specialiųjų padalinių (Retų spaudinių, Rankraščių skyrių) funkcijos labai panašios arba net sutampa (saugoti, tirti, aktualinti dokumentinį paveldą) ir skirtis tarp šių institucijų yra minimali, funkcijų reikšmingumo lygis yra knygos muziejaus ir bibliotekų paveldo skyrių skiriamasis požymis. Knygos muziejų raidai nustatyti buvo išanalizuotas istoriografiniu požiūriu vertingas 1987 m. paskelbtas „Knygos ir knygininkystės muziejų sąvadas“, jame pateikta informacija apie universaliuosius Europos knygos muziejus lyginta su šiandienos situacija. Prieita prie išvados, kad susidomėjimas knygos muziejais XX a. antrojoje pusėje buvo dėsningas to meto knygotyros raidos rezultatas. Knygos muziejų steigties sparta XX a. 7–9-ajame dešimtmečiais buvo tiesiogiai susijusi su to meto knygotyros, kaip perspektyvios mokslo disciplinos, suaktyvėjimu Europos ir pasaulio moksle. Iš dešimties tuomet Europoje veikusių universaliųjų knygos muziejų šiuo metu tokie tėra tik penki, kiti arba buvo uždaryti,arba savo veiklą susiaurino, keitė savo profilį. Kai kurie liko itin tradicinio akademinio pobūdžio, jų padėtis šiandienos moderniosios muziejininkystės kontekste, kai visas dėmesys telkiamas į lankytoją, o ne į pačius muziejinius objektus, problemiška.
Lietuvos pirmosios nepriklausomybės laikų knygrišys Zigmas Malašauskas
Authors: Taukinaitytė-Narbutienė Rūta 
Published: January 2019

[straipsnis ir santrauka lietuvių kalba; santrauka anglų kalba]
Zigmas Malašauskas (apie 1894–1898 – po 1941 m.), menkai žinomas tarpukario knygrišys, XX a. ketvirtajame dešimtmetyje gyveno ir dirbo Kaune. Surinkus ir įvertinus archyvinius šaltinius ir publikacijas, išryškėjo jo neeilinės ambicijos ir aktyvi visuomeninė edukacinė veikla, siekiant propaguoti savo amatą, skatinti meninių įrišimų poreikį ir supratimą, kelti amato lygį ir kolegų knygrišių kvalifikaciją. Jo straipsniai spaudoje buvo skirti tiek plačiajai visuomenei (vartotojui), tiek knygrišystės meistrams. Jo laiškai kai kurioms valstybinėms institucijoms ir visuomeninėms organizacijoms, kuriuose buvo kreipiamasi su įvairiais argumentuotais prašymais ar pasiūlymais, atskleidžia realius ketinimus siekti valstybės dėmesio, palaikymo ir paramos, įrodyti knygrišystės meno svarbą. Nors jo pastangos nebuvo realizuotos, tikėtina, kad jo straipsniai darė įtaką to meto knygos bendruomenei. Kadangi apie knygrišystę vienintelis rašė tiek daug, šių dienų tyrėjui jis paliko nemažai gana patikimų duomenų (kuriuos patvirtina ir kiti šaltiniai) apie to meto knygrišystę ir jos problemas, meistrus ir kainas, statistinius duomenis ir vertinimus, darbo metodus, mokymosi šaltinius, turimas žinias, gebėjimus, priemones. Kol kas nežinoma nė vienos šio knygrišio įrištos knygos. Taip pat lieka daug nežinomų biografijos faktų, todėl tikimasi, kad šis straipsnis paskatins ar palengvins tolesnius šio asmens gyvenimo ir veiklos tyrimus, padės atrasti ir identifikuoti jo įrišus.
A szexuális funkciózavar és a metabolikus szindróma kapcsolata
Authors: Zsoldos Márta , Pajor Attila , Pusztafalvi Henriette 
Published: January 2019

Abstract: The prevalence of the metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, obesity and depression have increased during the recent years. As the sexual dysfunction is also frequent, we aimed to search for the associations between sexual dysfunction and the metabolic syndrome and its components, respectively, by reviewing the literature. The clinical and biochemical components of the metabolic syndrome included cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, visceral obesity and depression, furthermore, insulin resistance, atherogenic lipid profile, hypogonadism, chronic systemic inflammation and endothelial dysfunction were all demonstrated to affect adversely the sexual function. The dysfunction of the sexual arousal response shows a strong association in men and a milder one in women with the cardiovascular diseases and depression. Sexual function in diabetes mellitus is mostly impaired by microvascular injury, polyneuropathy and autonomic neuropathy. Erectile dysfunction and disorder of the female sexual arousal response and the orgasm, respectively, are associated with insulin resistance, atherogenic lipid profile and systemic inflammatory condition in overweight or obese patients. Sexual dysfunction particularly in men can be an early sign of the severe complications of metabolic syndrome. The pathogenetic link between the metabolic syndrome and the sexual dysfunction seems to be the insulin resistance. Both metabolic syndrome and sexual dysfunction can be restored by altering the lifestyle. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(3): 98–103.
Az inzulinkezelés elkezdésének gyakorlati akadályai 2-es típusú cukorbetegekben – a „pszichológiai inzulinrezisztencia” leküzdése
Authors: Rácz Olivér , Linková Marcela , Jakubowski Krzysztof , Link Robert , Kuzmová Daniela 
Published: January 2019

Abstract: Type 2 diabetes is a progressive disease and its consequence is the gradual decrease of endogenous insulin secretion to a very low level. Beyond this point, without insulin it is not possible to achieve proper metabolic compensation. The authors are trying to explain why the insulin therapy is often delayed in type 2 diabetic patients despite existing guidelines about its initiation and continuation. The causes of delay can be divided into two groups. One is the fear and disagreement of the patients (psychological insulin resistance – PIR) arising from different cognitive, emotional and other reasons. The second is the “clinical inertia”, when the physicians are not able to explain in an effective and persuasive way the rationale and necessity of insulin treatment to their patients. The common background of both causes is the lack of sufficient knowledge about the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes and the rationale of insulin treatment together with an insufficient level of communication between doctor and patient. The authors see the solution in the improvement of pre- and postgradual education of doctors and other health care providers (nurses, educators, psychologists), in their mutual cooperation and the translation of their knowledge towards a system of successful patient education. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(3): 93–97.
Low-temperature fracture resistance of asphalt mixtures modified with carbon nanotubes
Authors: Mansourkhaki Ali , Aghasi Amir 
Published: January 2019

Low-temperature cracking is one of the main distresses of asphalt pavements, which reduces their serviceability and leads to water ingress into lower layers of the pavement. The use of modified asphalt mixtures is a way of preventing low-temperature cracking in cold regions. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the fracture resistance of asphalt mixtures modified with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) at low temperatures under different loading conditions using fracture mechanics concepts. Bending beam rheometer (BBR) tests were performed on the neat binder and binders containing 0·5% and 1·2% CNTs to determine the effect of the modifier on the stiffness and relaxation rate of the asphalt binder at low temperatures. Cracked semi-circular bending specimens were then subjected to a fracture test under different loading conditions, which induced deformation from pure opening of the crack mouth (mode I) to pure in-plane shear of the crack (mode II). The results of the BBR tests indicated that 0·5% and 1·2% CNT reduced the stiffness and increased the creep stiffness rate at low temperatures and, as a result, had a positive effect on low-temperature performance by improving thermal cracking resistance. Based on the fracture test results, the asphalt mixtures with 0·5% and 1·2% CNTs showed higher resistance against crack growth than the unmodified asphalt mixture.
Structural-functional Reorganization of the Nucleolar Apparatus of Neurons of the Neocortex, Archicortex and Basal Ganglia of the Brain of White Rats After a 20-minute Occlusion of the Common Carotid Arteries
Authors: Stepanov S. S. , Akulinin V. A. , Avdeev D. B. , Stepanov A. S. , Gorbunova A. V. 
Published: January 2019

The purposeof the study was devoted to the investigation of nucleoli and related structures of the nucleus of neurons in the brain of white rats in normal and after 20-minute occlusion of the common carotid arteries.Material and methods.Structural types, tinctorial properties, number, shape, size and distribution of neuronal nuclei of the neocortex, hippocampus and amygdala in the control (falsely operated animals, n=5) and after 1, 3, 7, 14 and 30 days (n=25) after acute ischemia were studied by light (stained with hematoxilin and eosin, according to Nisl), electron (uranyl acetate and lead citrate), fluorescence (DAPI) and morphometry.Results. The study showed that neurons with one nucleolus (about 90%) prevailed in the control in all studied parts of the brain. In the postischemic period is marked by considerable heterogeneity of morphological and functional activity of nucleoli – depletion alone, activation and amplification of others. Neocortex, CA1and CA3zones of hippocampus with a large share of neurons (up to 40%) with an increased number of nucleoli were revealed after 1–7 days after ischemia. The highest content of such neurons was observed in the neocortex and CA3field of the hippocampus after 1 and 3 days. 14 days after ischemia, the number of nucleoli in neurons was restored to the level of control and remained so after 30 days.Conclusion. Thus, after acute ischemia caused by 20-minute occlusion of the common carotid arteries, qualitative and quantitative changes in nucleoli were revealed. Within 7 days after reperfusion, there was an "adaptive-reparative shift" in the chromosomal balance and the activity of the existing nucleolar organizers of the preserved neurons increased. These changes we refer to the mechanisms of natural protection of the nervous tissue of the brain in the reperfusion period.
Urgensi Dan Signifikansi Pendidikan Islam Berwawasan Multikultural
Authors: Yamani Mohamad Tulus 
Published: January 2019

<span><em>Multicultural Approach in Islamic Education is necessity. It is a paradigm </em><span><em>and method to digs various potential of ethnic and cultural of nation, </em><span><em>and embodies in an appropriate conflict management. Multicultural </em><span><em>Approach in Islamic Education is wisdom to responding and anticipating </em><span><em>the negative impact of globalization that coercing the homogenization </em><span><em>and hegemony of patterns and lifestyle. Through Multicultural Approach, </em><span><em>Islamic education is expected able to transform inclusifism value so </em><span><em>student have open minded about nation that appreciate the diversity</em><br /><span><em>of Indonesia.</em><br /><span><strong>keywords: </strong><span><em>Islamic Education, Multicultural.</em></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br /><br class="Apple-interchange-newline" /></span></span>
MANAJEMEN STRATEGI DALAM MENINGKATKAN DAYA SAING PENDIDIKAN
Authors: Rukmanasari Sulistya Umie 
Published: January 2019

<p><em>Competition as the main feature of modern civilization has evolved as solid mastery of information and communication technologies are innovative and varied. The competitiveness is one very important advantage for an organization, competitiveness is not only a strength but more than that is the consistency in order to withstand the increasingly fierce competition. So to be the winner in providing educational services required analysis of competitiveness and the implementation of appropriate strategies and superior to win the competition. There are several techniques that can be used in analyzing the competitiveness in the world of education, namely to make: (1) the SWOT matrix; (2) matrix SPACE; and (3) the BCG matrix</em></p><p><strong><em> </em></strong></p><strong><em>Keywords: </em></strong><em>strategic management, competitiveness, education</em>
POSISI DAN PERAN GURU DALAM POLA KURIKULUM 2013
Authors: Suprapto Anas 
Published: January 2019

<p><em>The Changes to a curriculum will undoubtedly continue to occur. The big mission of these changes alone is in order to create a better situation for the out put of education. Such changes substantially in order to strike a balance between the spiritual and social attitudes, curiosity, creativity, cooperation with intellectual and psychomotor abilities. Curriculum 2013 appears to create output that is expected of it. To reach it, one fundamental factor is the maximization of the candidates' professional aptitude of teachers as an important instrument for the success of education. The application of research-based learning can be used to develop self-potential students in this controversial curriculum.</em></p><p><strong><em> </em></strong></p><p><strong><em>Keywords: </em></strong><em>teacher, student, curriculum 2013, research</em><strong><em> </em></strong></p>
El deporte en el No-Do durante el primer franquismo, 1943-1951 = The sport in the No-Do during the first Francoism, 1943-1951
Authors: Simón Juan Antonio 
Published: January 2019

Resumen: Esta investigación aborda el estudio de la representación que hizo el noticiario del No-Do (Noticiarios y Documentales Cinematográficos) de la actividad física y el deporte entre 1943 y 1951. A nivel metodológico, este artículo ha analizado todos los noticiarios que incluyen noticias de información deportiva, dividiéndolos en tres grandes categorías: en primer lugar, los relacionados con los denominados deportes del Movimiento (específicamente el Frente de Juventudes, Sindicato Español Universitario y la Obra Sindical de Educación y Descanso). Un asegunda categoría hace referencia a las informaciones sobre deporte y mujer para, por último, afrontar el estudio de los noticiarios que incluyen reportajes sobre el fútbol. Los resultados muestran la importancia que tuvo este tipo de información en el No-Do, el protagonismo de las noticias que se adquirían de otros noticiarios internacionales y cómo el franquismo utilizó este medio para difundir determinados valores ideológicos. Palabras clave: Noticiarios No-Do, Franquismo, deporte, mujer, fútbol.Abstract: This research addresses the study of the representation that made the cinema newsreels produced by No-Do (from its title in Spanish, Noticiarios y Documentales Cinematográficos, (‘Cinematographic Newsreels and Documentaries’) with the physical activity and sport information between 1943 and 1951. At the methodological level, this paper has analyzed all the newsreels that include sports information, dividing them into three major categories: firstly, those related to the socalled sports of the Movimiento (specifically youth organizations as Frente de Juventudes, Sindicato Español Universitario y la Obra Sindical de Educación y Descanso). A second category refers to the information on sports and women, and finally, the study of newsreels that include reports about football. The results show the importance of this type of information in the No-Do, the prominence of the news that was acquired from other international news programs and how the Francoism used this medium to spread certain ideological values.Keywords: No-Do newsreels, Francoism, sport, women, football.