bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improvement of cryopreservation protocol in both purebred horses including Spanish horses
Authors: Miró Jordi , Papas Marion 
Published: December 2018

There is a widely held belief that the semen of Purebred Spanish Horses (PRE) is of generally poorer quality than that of other breeds, and survives cryopreservation less well. To determine whether this is the case, sperm concentration, viability and morphological abnormalities were examined in a total 610 fresh ejaculates from 64 healthy PRE (N=47) and non-PRE stallions (N=17). Sperm concentration and viability were then re-examined after pre-freezing centrifugation, and once again after freezing-thawing. No differences were observed between the PRE and non-PRE stallions in terms of any sperm quality variable at any observation point. When considering all PRE and non-PRE samples together, differences in sperm viability were observed between fresh and fresh-centrifuged sperm viability (70.1±12.5% compared to 76.3±10.9%; p<0.01). After centrifugation the samples were also more homogeneous in terms of the total number of recovered sperm cells. Centrifugation also improved frozen-thawed sperm viability, reducing differences in sperm quality between individual stallions. For all centrifugations, a sperm:extender ratio of 1:5 was used. This would appear to provide better final results than those reported in the literature for the 1:1 ratio commonly used for PRE stallion sperm cryopreservation. In conclusion, obtained results show that the quality and frozen/thawed results of PRE stallion sperm are not lower than that of non-PRE breeds. In addition, using a 1:5 sperm:extender dilution ratio when selecting sperms by centrifugation prior to freezing, seems to provide better results than those usually reported when using a 1:1 ratio.
Septic Arthritis of the Hip—Risk Factors Associated With Secondary Surgery
Authors: Murphy Robert F. , Plumblee Leah , Barfield William B. , Murphy Joshua S. , Fuerstenau Nicholas , Spence David D. , Kelly Derek M. , Dow Matthew A. , Mooney James F. 
Published: December 2018

Introduction:
Septic arthritis of the hip (SAH) is a common condition encountered by pediatric orthopaedic surgeons and is treated with arthrotomy and irrigation. Depending on the response to initial treatment, some patients require surgical treatment beyond the index procedure. The purpose of this study was to investigate risk factors for repeat surgical intervention after initial arthrotomy for presumed SAH.

Methods:
A multicenter retrospective review of all children who underwent surgical arthrotomy for presumed SAH over a ten-year period was conducted. Variables queried included demographics, clinical presentation, laboratory parameters, imaging, infecting organism, presence of osteomyelitis, and surgical interventions performed. Logistic regression was used to predict the risk of a second procedure. Chi-square was used to compare patients who required further surgery and those who did not.

Results:
One hundred and thirty-eight patients (139 hips) qualified for inclusion. The average age at initial surgery was 6.1 years (range, zero to 17 years), and 57% of the patients were male. Concomitant osteomyelitis was diagnosed in 55 cases (40%). An infecting organism was identified from 70 (50%) index intraoperative cultures, with Staphylococcus aureus infections (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus [MRSA], 27; methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus, 25) being the most frequent. Fifty-six patients (41%) underwent subsequent surgical intervention, at an average of 5.5 days (range, 2 to 95) from the index procedure. Independent risk factors for repeat surgical procedures included presenting C-reactive protein >10 mg/dL (P = 0.002) and presenting erythrocyte sedimentation rate >40 (P = 0.011). The odds of repeat surgical intervention were significantly increased by the presence of concomitant osteomyelitis (odds ratio, 3.4; P = 0.001) and positive index intraoperative cultures for MRSA (odds ratio, 1.19; P = 0.001). Preoperative MRI before the index procedure was not universal (73/138; 53%), and acquisition of preoperative MRI was not associated with secondary surgical intervention (P = 0.389).

Discussion:
Forty-one percent of children in this multicenter cohort underwent at least one repeat surgical procedure after the index arthrotomy for management of presumed SAH. Risk factors for return to the operating room include elevated initial erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein, infection with MRSA, and presence of osteomyelitis.

Level of Evidence:
Level 3, case-cohort series. Type of evidence, therapeutic.
On perfect(ive) morphology above and below modals. The H-ident hypothesis
Authors: Carrasco Gutiérrez Ángeles 
Published: December 2018

The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate that temporal-aspectual morphology can only be interpretable regarding root modals. It is not interpretable with epistemic modals. We will defend that this difference has its origin in the non-eventive nature of the latter. This proposal will take us, on the one hand, to support the hypothesis of the identity of haber (‘have’), i.e., the semantic equivalence between examples in which the main predicate of the periphrastic structure (<modalEpistemic + have:INF – V:PST.PTCP>) and the epistemic modal (<have - modalEpistemic. PST.PTCP + V:INF>) are construed with the auxiliary verb haber. On the other hand, we will maintain that epistemic modals are integrated into monoclausal structures. Conversely, the structures into which root modals are integrated would be biclausal.
Care plan use among older people with functional impairment: analysis of the English General Practice Patient Survey
Authors: Shiner Alice , Ford John A , Steel Nicholas 
Published: December 2018

Objectives: Care plans may improve health when patients are involved in the care planning process. They are recommended for primary care. This study aimed to identify characteristics of older patients with functional impairment (age ≥75 years with problems completing daily activities) who report having a care plan and who are involved in care planning.Methods: The General Practice Patient Survey (individual-level dataset) 2015-16 in England was analysed. Logistic regression was used to estimate associations between having a care plan and being involved with care planning and age, gender, ethnicity, deprivation, multimorbidity, interpersonal relationship with general practitioner (GP) and other variables, clustered at practice level.Results: Three point five percent of GPPS respondents and 14.4% of older people with functional impairment reported having a care plan; however, only a quarter of the latter were involved with the care planning process. Involvement with care planning was associated with seeing own GP (odds ratio (OR) 1.88, 95% confidence interval (CI)1.48 to 2.38) and factors reflecting a positive interpersonal relationship with the GP, including having confidence in the GP (OR 5.92, CI 2.38 to 14.77). Respondents involved with care planning reported greater confidence in managing their own health.Conclusions: Few older people with functional impairment report having a care plan and fewer report involvement in the care planning process. This may reduce the ability of care plans to deliver health benefits and person-centered care.
ACRL Annual Report 2017-2018
Authors: Of College & Research Libraries Association 
Published: December 2018

This report highlights ACRL’s many accomplishments during the 2018 fiscal year across the four strategic goal areas highlighted in the Plan for Excellence—the value of academic libraries, student learning, research and scholarly environment, and new roles and changing landscapes—along with the association’s enabling programs and services.See the ACRL FY18 4th Quarter Budget Report supplement for additional information.
Reseña de: M.ª Amparo Mateo Donet, La ejecución de los mártires cristianos en el Imperio Romano
Authors: Hernández de la Fuente David 
Published: December 2018

Reseña de M.ª Amparo Mateo Donet, La ejecución de los mártires cristianos en el Imperio Romano. Publicaciones del CEPOAT, 1; Universidad de Murcia, Murcia 2016.
Reseña de Mnemosine. Biblioteca digital de La Otra Edad de Plata
Authors: Pérez Benavente Pablo 
Published: December 2018

La Biblioteca Digital Mnemosine es un instrumento desarrollado por los grupos ILSA (Ingeniería del Lenguaje Software y Aplicaciones) y LOEP (La Otra Edad de Plata) de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid que almacena información sobre la literatura olvidada de la Edad de Plata con el fin de comprender mejor este periodo literario. Para ello recoge una serie de datos comunes de todas las obras así como otros específicos que varían dependiendo de la colección que se esté estudiando. De esta manera Mnemosine se adapta al enfoque que se le quiera dar en cada momento. La misma flexibilidad estructura la parte técnica: el software empleado permite que su base de datos sea facilmente contrastada y completada con la de otras bibliotecas. La facilidad con la que la Biblioteca Digital Mnemosine se modifica y adapta a los requisitos de cada investigación es su punto fuerte y lo que la diferencia de otras bibliotecas digitales.
Prensa digitalizada: herramientas y métodos digitales para una investigación a escala
Authors: Sanz Cabrerizo Amelia 
Published: December 2018

Este artículo presenta las ventajas y desafíos de una investigación realizada a partir de la prensa digitalizada con métodos y herramientas digitales, tanto para las ciencias humanas en general, como para los estudios literarios y de la mujer en particular. Plantea la transformación de las condiciones de investigación que ha traído consigo la digitalización masiva de la prensa periódica y los problemas epistemológicos que ello acarrea. Presenta un conjunto de proyectos de investigación novedosos en curso y propone líneas posibles de desarrollo para un futuro que ya es muy inmediato.
Spliceosome factors target timeless (tim) mRNA to control clock protein accumulation and circadian behavior in Drosophila
Authors: Shakhmantsir Iryna , Nayak Soumyashant , Grant Gregory R , Sehgal Amita 
Published: December 2018

Transcription-translation feedback loops that comprise eukaryotic circadian clocks rely upon temporal delays that separate the phase of active transcription of clock genes, such as Drosophila period (per) and timeless (tim), from negative feedback by the two proteins. However, our understanding of the mechanisms involved is incomplete. Through an RNA interference screen, we found that pre-mRNA processing 4 (PRP4) kinase, a component of the U4/U5.U6 triple small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (tri-snRNP) spliceosome, and other tri-snRNP components regulate cycling of the molecular clock as well as rest:activity rhythms. Unbiased RNA-Sequencing uncovered an alternatively spliced intron in tim whose increased retention upon prp4 downregulation leads to decreased TIM levels. We demonstrate that the splicing of tim is rhythmic with a phase that parallels delayed accumulation of the protein in a 24 hr cycle. We propose that alternative splicing constitutes an important clock mechanism for delaying the daily accumulation of clock proteins, and thereby negative feedback by them.Editorial note: This article has been through an editorial process in which the authors decide how to respond to the issues raised during peer review. The Reviewing Editor's assessment is that all the issues have been addressed (<xref ref-type="decision-letter" rid="SA1">see decision letter</xref>).
Simultaneous preservation of the DNA quality, the community composition and the density of freshwater oligochaetes for the development of genetically based biological indices
Authors: Vivien Régis , Werner Inge , Ferrari Benoit J.D. 
Published: December 2018

IntroductionOligochaetes are recognized as valuable bioindicators of sediment quality in streams and lakes. The development of an oligochaete index based on the identification of specimens using DNA barcodes requires a method for simultaneously preserving the DNA quality and information on the specimen density and oligochaete community composition. Absolute ethanol optimally preserves DNA but fixation of freshwater oligochaetes with this medium can cause disintegration and fragmentation of specimens. Here, we investigated the possibility to preserve oligochaete specimens in low-pH formalin and in neutral buffered formalin for up to four weeks before genetic analyses and tested if the addition of absolute ethanol to formalin-fixed oligochaetes resulted in a loss of specimens and/or species.MethodsWe performed guanidine extraction and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification/sequencing of a fragment of the cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) gene on tissue fragments preserved in low-pH formalin for up to 3 weeks and in neutral buffered formalin for up to 4 weeks. In addition, we compared the density and taxonomic composition of formalin-fixed oligochaetes of several sieved sediment samples before and after the addition of absolute ethanol.ResultsThe COI fragment of all oligochaete specimens preserved in neutral buffered formalin for up to 28 days was successfully amplified by PCR and obtained sequences were complete and of high quality. The amplification success rate for low-pH formalin fixed specimens declined after 7 days of storage. The addition of absolute ethanol to formalin-fixed oligochaete communities did not alter density or diversity estimates.DiscussionOur results indicate that sediment samples can be stored in neutral buffered formalin for up to 4 weeks and the sieved material can then be transferred to absolute ethanol, without affecting DNA quality, density and community composition of oligochaetes. Based on these results, a protocol for preserving freshwater oligochaetes, describing all the steps from collection of sediments to preservation of the biological material in absolute ethanol, is proposed. This method of fixation/preservation is of relevance for establishing DNA barcode reference databases, inventories of genetic diversity and developing genetically based biological indices.
C/EBPβ and YY1 bind and interact with Smad3 to modulate lipopolysaccharide‐induced amelotin gene transcription in mouse gingival epithelial cells
Authors: Nakayama Yohei , Kobayashi Ryoki , Iwai Yasunobu , Noda Keisuke , Yamazaki Mizuho , Kurita‐Ochiai Tomoko , Yoshimura Atsutoshi , Ganss Bernhard , Ogata Yorimasa 
Published: December 2018

Junctional epithelium (JE) develops from reduced enamel epithelium during tooth formation and is critical for the maintenance of healthy periodontal tissue through ensuring appropriate immune responses and the rapid turnover of gingival epithelial cells. We have previously shown a relationship between inflammatory cytokines and expression of JE‐specific genes, such as amelotin (AMTN), in gingival epithelial cells. Here, we elucidated the effects of Porphyromonas gingivalis‐derived lipopolysaccharide (PgLPS) on Amtn gene transcription and the interaction of transcription factors. To determine the molecular basis of transcriptional regulation of the Amtn gene by PgLPS, we performed real‐time PCR and carried out luciferase assays using a mouse Amtn gene promoter linked to a luciferase reporter gene in mouse gingival epithelial GE1 cells. Gel mobility shift and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays were performed to identify response elements bound to LPS‐induced transcription factors. Next, we analyzed protein levels of the LPS‐induced transcription factors and the interaction of transcription factors by western blotting and immunoprecipitation. LPS increased Amtn mRNA levels and elevated luciferase activities of constructs containing regions between −116 and −238 of the mouse Amtn gene promoter. CCAAT/enhancer‐binding protein (C/EBP) 1–, C/EBP2– and Ying Yang 1 (YY1)–nuclear protein complexes were increased by LPS treatment. Furthermore, we identified LPS‐modulated interactions with C/EBPβ, YY1 and Smad3. These results demonstrate that PgLPS regulates Amtn gene transcription via binding of C/EBPβ–Smad3 and YY1–Smad3 complexes to C/EBP1, C/EBP2 and YY1 response elements in the mouse Amtn gene promoter.
What Comes Next?
Authors: Mazzotti Valerie L. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractGiven the information in the prior chapters, this chapter looks at the field of transition and recommends what the chapters suggest. Achieving successful rates of transition to postschool settings among students with special needs is a complex undertaking that requires clear planning, collaboration, a vision for both the students and the systems that serve them, an understanding of policies, and a focus on the whole learner.
Biomimetic Natural Killer Membrane Camouflaged Polymeric Nanoparticle for Targeted Bioimaging
Authors: Pitchaimani Arunkumar , Nguyen Tuyen Duong Thanh , Marasini Ramesh , Eliyapura Achini , Azizi Tahmineh , Jaberi‐Douraki Majid , Aryal Santosh 
Published: December 2018

AbstractIn the present study, a biomimetic nanoconstruct (BNc) with a multimodal imaging system is engineered using tumor homing natural killer cell membrane (NKM), near‐infrared (NIR) fluorescent dye, and gadolinium (Gd) conjugate‐based magnetic resonance imaging contrast agent onto the surface of a polymeric nanoparticle. The engineered BNc is 110 ± 20 nm in size and showed successful retention of NKM proteins. The magnetic properties of the BNc are found to be tunable from 2.1 ± 0.17 to 5.3 ± 0.5 mm−1 s−1 under 14.1 T, by adjusting the concentration of Gd‐lipid conjugate onto the surface of the BNc. Confocal imaging and cell sorting analysis reveal a distinguishable cellular interaction of the BNc with MCF‐7 cells in comparison to that of bare polymeric nanoparticles suggesting the tumor homing properties of NKM camouflage system. The in vitro cellular interaction results are further confirmed by in vivo NIR fluorescent tumor imaging and ex vivo MR imaging, respectively. Pharmacokinetics and biodistribution analysis of the BNc show longer circulation half‐life (≈9.5 h) and higher tumor accumulation (10% of injected dose) in MCF‐7 induced tumor‐bearing immunodeficient NU/NU nude mice. Owing to the proven immunosurveillance potential of NK‐cell in the field of immunotherapy, the BNc engineered herein would hold promises in the design consideration of nanomedicine engineering.
Deconstructing Immune Microenvironments of Lymphoid Tissues for Reverse Engineering
Authors: Witzel Ini‐Isabée , Nasser Rasha , Garcia‐Sabaté Anna , Sapudom Jiranuwat , Ma Chao , Chen Weiqiang , Teo Jeremy C. M. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe immune microenvironment presents a diverse panel of cues that impacts immune cell migration, organization, differentiation, and the immune response. Uniquely, both the liquid and solid phases of every specific immune niche within the body play an important role in defining cellular functions in immunity at that particular location. The in vivo immune microenvironment consists of biomechanical and biochemical signals including their gradients, surface topography, dimensionality, modes of ligand presentation, and cell–cell interactions, and the ability to recreate these immune biointerfaces in vitro can provide valuable insights into the immune system. This manuscript reviews the critical roles played by different immune cells and surveys the current progress of model systems for reverse engineering of immune microenvironments with a focus on lymphoid tissues.
Ex Vivo Tumor‐on‐a‐Chip Platforms to Study Intercellular Interactions within the Tumor Microenvironment
Authors: Kumar Vardhman , Varghese Shyni 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe emergence of immunotherapies and recent FDA approval of several of them makes them a promising therapeutic strategy for cancer. While these advancements underscore the potential of engaging the immune system to target tumors, this approach has so far been efficient only for certain cancers. Extending immunotherapy as a widely acceptable treatment for various cancers requires a deeper understanding of the interactions of tumor cells within the tumor microenvironment (TME). The immune cells are a key component of the TME, which also includes other stromal cells, soluble factors, and extracellular matrix‐based cues. While in vivo studies function as a gold standard, tissue‐engineered microphysiological tumor models can offer patient‐specific insights into cancer‐immune interactions. These platforms, which recapitulate cellular and non‐cellular components of the TME, enable a systematic understanding of the contribution of each component toward disease progression in isolation and in concert. Microfluidic‐based microphysiological platforms recreating these environments, also known as “tumor‐on‐a‐chip,” are increasingly being utilized to study the effect of various elements of TME on tumor development. Herein are reviewed advancements in tumor‐on‐a‐chip technology that are developed and used to understand the interaction of tumor cells with other surrounding cells, including immune cells, in the TME.
Anomalous and Polarization‐Sensitive Photoresponse of Td‐WTe2 from Visible to Infrared Light
Authors: Zhou Wei , Chen Jingzhe , Gao Heng , Hu Tao , Ruan Shuangchen , Stroppa Alessandro , Ren Wei 
Published: December 2018

AbstractRecently, an emergent layered material Td‐WTe2 was explored for its novel electron–hole overlapping band structure and anisotropic inplane crystal structure. Here, the photoresponse of mechanically exfoliated WTe2 flakes is investigated. A large anomalous current decrease for visible (514.5 nm), and mid‐ and far‐infrared (3.8 and 10.6 µm) laser irradiation is observed, which can be attributed to light‐induced surface bandgap opening from the first‐principles calculations. The photocurrent and responsivity can be as large as 40 µA and 250 A W−1 for a 3.8 µm laser at 77 K. Furthermore, the WTe2 anomalous photocurrent matches its in‐plane crystal structure and exhibits light polarization dependence, maximal for linear laser polarization along the W atom chain a direction and minimal for the perpendicular b direction, with the anisotropic ratio of 4.9. Consistently, first‐principles calculations confirm the angle‐dependent bandgap opening of WTe2 under polarized light irradiation. The anomalous and polarization‐sensitive photoresponses suggest that linearly polarized light can significantly tune the WTe2 surface electronic structure, providing a potential approach to detect polarized and broadband lights up to far infrared range.
Van der Waals Heteroepitaxial Growth of Monolayer Sb in a Puckered Honeycomb Structure
Authors: Shi Zhi‐Qiang , Li Huiping , Yuan Qian‐Qian , Song Ye‐Heng , Lv Yang‐Yang , Shi Wei , Jia Zhen‐Yu , Gao Libo , Chen Yan‐Bin , Zhu Wenguang , Li Shao‐Chun 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAtomically thin 2D crystals have gained tremendous attention owing to their potential impact on future electronics technologies, as well as the exotic phenomena emerging in these materials. Monolayers of α‐phase Sb (α‐antimonene), which shares the same puckered structure as black phosphorous, are predicted to be stable with precious properties. However, the experimental realization still remains challenging. Here, high‐quality monolayerα‐antimonene is successfully grown, with the thickness finely controlled. The α‐antimonene exhibits great stability upon exposure to air. Combining scanning tunneling microscopy, density functional theory calculations, and transport measurements, it is found that the electron band crossing the Fermi level exhibits a linear dispersion with a fairly small effective mass, and thus a good electrical conductivity. All of these properties make the α‐antimonene promising for future electronic applications.