bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Prospective Study of the Development of Inflammatory Arthritis in the Family Members of Indigenous North American People With Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Tanner Stacy , Dufault Brenden , Smolik Irene , Meng Xiaobo , Anaparti Vidyanand , Hitchon Carol , Robinson David B. , Robinson William , Sokolove Jeremy , Lahey Lauren , Ferucci Elizabeth D. , El‐Gabalawy Hani 
Published: March 2019

ObjectiveTo determine the incidence of inflammatory arthritis and autoantibody prevalence in Indigenous North American people.MethodsUnaffected relatives of Indigenous North Americans with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) from central Canada and Alaska were systematically monitored from 2005 to 2017. Rheumatoid factor (RF) and anti–citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPAs) were tested at every visit, and a subset was tested for ACPA fine specificity using a custom multiplex assay. Multistate models based on all available study visits were developed to determine the likelihood of transitioning between autoantibody states, or to inflammatory arthritis.ResultsEighteen of 374 relatives (4.8%) developed inflammatory arthritis during follow‐up (after a mean ± SD of 4.7 ± 2.4 years), yielding a transition rate of 9.2 cases/1,000 person‐years. Thirty percent of those who developed inflammatory arthritis were seronegative at baseline, but all were seropositive at inflammatory arthritis onset. Although 30% of ACPA/RF double‐seropositive individuals developed inflammatory arthritis (after 3.2 ± 2.2 years), the majority of these individuals did not develop inflammatory arthritis. Multistate modeling indicated a 71% and 68% likelihood of ACPA and RF seropositive states, respectively, reverting to a seronegative state after 5 years, and a 39% likelihood of an ACPA/RF double‐seropositive state becoming seronegative. Fine specificity testing demonstrated an expansion of the ACPA repertoire prior to the development of inflammatory arthritis.ConclusionDespite a high incidence of inflammatory arthritis in this cohort of at‐risk relatives of Indigenous North Americans with RA, a large proportion of autoantibody‐positive individuals do not develop inflammatory arthritis and revert back to an autoantibody‐negative state.
Galectin‐9 and CXCL10 as Biomarkers for Disease Activity in Juvenile Dermatomyositis: A Longitudinal Cohort Study and Multicohort Validation
Authors: Wienke Judith , Bellutti Enders Felicitas , Lim Johan , Mertens Jorre S. , van den Hoogen Luuk L. , Wijngaarde Camiel A. , Yeo Joo Guan , Meyer Alain , Otten Henny G. , Fritsch‐Stork Ruth D. E. , Kamphuis Sylvia S. M. , Hoppenreijs Esther P. A. H. , Armbrust Wineke , van den Berg J. Merlijn , Hissink Muller Petra C. E. , Tekstra Janneke , Hoogendijk Jessica E. , Deakin Claire T. , de Jager Wilco , van Roon Joël A. G. , van der Pol W. Ludo , Nistala Kiran , Pilkington Clarissa , de Visser Marianne , Arkachaisri Thaschawee , Radstake Timothy R. D. J. , van der Kooi Anneke J. , Nierkens Stefan , Wedderburn Lucy R. , van Royen‐Kerkhof Annet , van Wijk Femke 
Published: March 2019

ObjectiveObjective evaluation of disease activity is challenging in patients with juvenile dermatomyositis (DM) due to a lack of reliable biomarkers, but it is crucial to avoid both under‐ and overtreatment of patients. Recently, we identified 2 proteins, galectin‐9 and CXCL10, whose levels are highly correlated with the extent of juvenile DM disease activity. This study was undertaken to validate galectin‐9 and CXCL10 as biomarkers for disease activity in juvenile DM, and to assess their disease specificity and potency in predicting the occurrence of flares.MethodsLevels of galectin‐9 and CXCL10 were measured by multiplex immunoassay in serum samples from 125 unique patients with juvenile DM in 3 international cross‐sectional cohorts and a local longitudinal cohort. The disease specificity of both proteins was examined in 50 adult patients with DM or nonspecific myositis (NSM) and 61 patients with other systemic autoimmune diseases.ResultsBoth cross‐sectionally and longitudinally, galectin‐9 and CXCL10 outperformed the currently used laboratory marker, creatine kinase (CK), in distinguishing between juvenile DM patients with active disease and those in remission (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUC] 0.86–0.90 for galectin‐9 and CXCL10; AUC 0.66–0.68 for CK). The sensitivity and specificity for active disease in juvenile DM was 0.84 and 0.92, respectively, for galectin‐9 and 0.87 and 1.00, respectively, for CXCL10. In 10 patients with juvenile DM who experienced a flare and were prospectively followed up, continuously elevated or rising biomarker levels suggested an imminent flare up to several months before the onset of symptoms, even in the absence of elevated CK levels. Galectin‐9 and CXCL10 distinguished between active disease and remission in adult patients with DM or NSM (P = 0.0126 for galectin‐9 and P < 0.0001 for CXCL10) and were suited for measurement in minimally invasive dried blood spots (healthy controls versus juvenile DM, P = 0.0040 for galectin‐9 and P < 0.0001 for CXCL10).ConclusionIn this study, galectin‐9 and CXCL10 were validated as sensitive and reliable biomarkers for disease activity in juvenile DM. Implementation of these biomarkers into clinical practice as tools to monitor disease activity and guide treatment might facilitate personalized treatment strategies.
Techno‐economic performance of a bio‐refinery for the production of fuel‐grade biofuel using a green catalyst
Authors: Gebremariam Shemelis N. , Marchetti Jorge M. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe main challenge to the wider use of biodiesel as a transport fuel has been its high cost of production. Studies have been performed to obtain the cheapest methods for biodiesel production. The calcium oxide catalyzed transesterification reaction has shown better performance for fuel‐grade biodiesel from cheaper feedstock. In this study, a calcium oxide catalyzed biodiesel production process is designed in four different scenarios based on different possible arrangements of the downstream processes.The process flow diagrams of the different scenarios were designed using Aspen Plus and Super Pro software. These process simulations were used to evaluate the techno‐economic performance of the process scenarios. Technical performance was been evaluated based on the quantity and quality of the biodiesel and glycerol produced, the amount of biodiesel produced per amount of feedstock consumed, and the amount of other valuable byproducts. Similarly, the economic performance of the process scenarios has also been assessed using parameters such as total investment cost, unit production cost, net present value, internal rate of return, payback time, and return on investment.Each of these four scenarios was divided into two production capacity levels to investigate the effect of change in production capacity on the economic feasibility of the process scenarios.The scenario with consecutive centrifugations for glycerol and soap separation, and distillation for biodiesel purification, evidenced poor technical performance, whereas the double reactor scenario provided more, and better quality, product, and the economic feasibility of this scenario was good when the oil supply rate was above 4600 kg h−1. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Identification of metabolites of novel Anti‐MRSA fluoroquinolone WCK 771 in mouse, rat, rabbit, dog, monkey and human urine using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Yeole Ravindra D. , Rane Vipul P. , Ahirrao Vinod K. , Chavan Rajesh P. , Patel Anasuya M. , Deshpande Prasad K. , Patel Mahesh V. , Patil Kiran R. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractWCK 771 is an l‐arginine salt of levonadifloxacin (LND) being developed in intravenous dosage form and has recently completed a phase III trial in India. The pharmacokinetics of WCK 771, a novel anti‐MRSA fluoroquinolone, were examined in mice, rats, rabbits, dogs, monkeys and humans after systemic administration during pre‐clinical and clinical investigations. Urine and serum were evaluated for identification of metabolites. It was observed that LND mainly follows phase II biotransformation pathways. All of the species showed a different array of metabolites. In mice, rabbit and dog, the drug was mainly excreted in the form of O‐glucuronide (M7) and acyl glucuronide (M8) conjugates, whereas in rat and human major metabolite was sulfate conjugate (M6). Monkeys exhibited equal distribution of sulfate (M6) and glucuronide conjugates (M7, M8). In addition to these three major phase II metabolites; five phase I oxidative metabolites (M1, M2, M3, M4 and M5) were identified using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Out of these eight metabolites M2, M3, M5, M7 and M8 are reported for the first time.
Clinical characteristics and risk score for poor clinical outcome of acute ischemic stroke patients treated with intravenous thrombolysis therapy
Authors: Yue Yun‐hua , Li Zhi‐zhang , Hu Liang , Zhu Xiao‐qiong , Xu Xu‐shen , Sun Hong‐xian , Wan Zhi‐wen , Xue Jie , Yu De‐hua 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackgroundTissue plasminogen activator (t‐PA) is an effective therapy for acute ischemic stroke, but some patients still have poor clinical outcome. In this study, we investigated clinical characteristics of stroke patients and determined predictors for poor clinical outcome in response to t‐PA treatment.MethodsClinical data from 247 patients were retrospectively reviewed. Clinical parameters that were associated with survival of patients were analyzed. Areas under receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC) were used to determine the feasibility of using various combinations of the clinical parameters to predict poor clinical response. The clinical outcome was defined according to the changes in Modified Rankin Scale.ResultsOverall, 145 patients had improved/complete recovery, 73 had no change, and 29 had worsening conditions or died during the in‐clinic period. A univariate analysis showed that baseline characteristics including age, CRP, blood glucose level, systolic blood pressure, and admission NIHSS were significantly different (p < 0.05) among patients with different clinical outcome. A further multivariate analysis was then performed. Variables associated with poor clinical outcome (worsening/death) (p < 0.1) were included in the logistic regression model. Four parameters were retained in the model: Age, CRP, Blood glucose level, and Systolic blood pressure (ACBS). To allow a convenient usage of the ACBS classifier, the parameters were put into a scoring system, and the score at 7.7 was chosen as a cut‐off. The ROC curve of this ACBS classifier has an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.7788, higher than other individual parameters. The ACBS classifier provided enhanced sensitivity of 69.2% and specificity of 74.3%.ConclusionThe ACBS classifier provided a satisfactory power in estimating the patients’ clinical outcome. After further validating, the classifier may provide important information to clinicians for making clinical decisions.
Hope for the best, prepare for the worst: How to manage coronary perforations
Authors: Claessen Bimmer E. , Mehran Roxana 
Published: March 2019

Key Points

The incidence of coronary perforation in a contemporary cohort of 13,339 PCI procedures was 0.51%. The majority (75%) were large‐vessel perforations
Although only 1 patient required emergency cardiac surgery, in‐hospital mortality was high (10%)
Given the infrequent occurrence of coronary perforations, uniform recommendations for its management are lacking. Nonetheless, the present study suggests that avoiding oversized balloons or stents might potentially reduce the incidence of perforations
Robotic PCI: Evolving from novel toward non‐inferior
Authors: Cheney Amy E. , Dean Larry S. 
Published: March 2019

Key Points

Robotic‐assisted PCI appears to be safe and feasible in both simple and complex lesions.
In this small cohort study, analysis of manual versus robotic PCI suggests comparable clinical outcomes.
Further adequately powered, randomized, multicenter studies are needed to definitively evaluate outcomes in manual versus robotic‐assisted PCI.
Removal of Dibenzothiophene from Diesels by Extraction and Catalytic Oxidation with Acetamide‐Based Deep Eutectic Solvents
Authors: Hao Dongmei , Hao Lingwan , Deng Changliang , Ren Wanzhong , Guo Congcong , Lü Hongying 
Published: March 2019

AbstractA series of acetamide‐based deep eutectic solvents (DESs) with different proportions were prepared. Extraction and catalytic oxidation desulfurization (ECODS) of the acetamide‐based DESs were investigated and the process was optimized. Such DESs with a molar ratio of acetamide and p‐TsOH of 1/3 (C2H5NO/3p‐TsOH) exhibits such a remarkable catalytic activity that the dibenzothiophene (DBT) removal could reach 100 % under optimized conditions. C2H5NO/3p‐TsOH was used for the oxidative desulfurization of actual commercial diesel. The sulfur removal of diesel achieved up to 98 %. C2H5NO/3p‐TsOH could be recycled six times and the desulfurization activity was slightly decreased. Evaluation of the mechanism indicated that oxidative desulfurization (ODS) was realized via dual activation of acetamide‐based DESs. A novel and effective way for deep desulfurization of diesel is provided.
Estimation of kLa Values in Bench‐Scale Stirred Tank Reactors with Self‐Inducing Impeller by Multiphase CFD Simulations
Authors: Santos-Moreau Vania , Lopes José Carlos B. , Fonte Cláudio P. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractA multiphase computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation methodology is developed and proposed for the estimation of the spatial distribution of kLa values in a bench‐scale reactor equipped with a self‐inducing impeller. The importance of estimating an apparent drag coefficient, which considers the effect of turbulence on the gas bubble rising velocity, is also tackled by applying different correlations available in literature, namely, Brucato, modified Brucato, and Pinelli correlations. The spatial distribution of kLa values in the agitated vessel is found from the CFD results using Danckwert's surface renewal model. An analysis of the gas volume fraction distribution obtained from the simulations is performed in order to choose the most suitable drag model. The modified Brucato correction correlation for the drag force exhibits the best agreement with experimental data.
Engineering Ternary Pyrite‐Type CoPS Nanosheets with an Ultrathin Porous Structure for Efficient Electrocatalytic Water Splitting
Authors: Liu Ping , Lin Yunxiang , Li Jing , Wang Zhi , Nauman Ali Rai , Song Li , Xiang Bin , Lu Yalin 
Published: March 2019

AbstractFor electrochemical water splitting, the development of low‐cost, efficient, and robust electrocatalysts for both the oxygen evolution reaction and hydrogen evolution reaction remains challenging. Herein, we report stoichiometric ternary‐phase CoPS with a two‐dimensional ultrathin porous nanosheet structure as an efficient bifunctional electrocatalyst for overall water splitting. Owing to the stable stoichiometric ternary phase, abundant octahedral Co3+ is observed in CoPS, serving as active sites to boost electrocatalytic activities. With the introduction of the ultrathin porous nanosheet structure, more active sites are exposed to enhance the electrochemical performance. Therefore, the samples display remarkable oxygen evolution activity with a low overpotential of 316 mV at 10 mA cm−2 and a small Tafel slope of 50.2 mV dec−1. Combined with their highly efficient hydrogen evolution activity, CoPS ultrathin porous nanosheets are demonstrated to have extraordinary activities for overall water splitting, with a cell voltage of 1.57 V to reach 10 mA cm−2 current density. This work not only provides a bifunctional catalyst with outstanding performance, but also offers a facile route for improving electrocatalytic activity by synergistic morphology design and electronic modulation.
Phosphorescence at Low Temperature by External Heavy‐Atom Effect in Zinc(II) Clusters
Authors: Kobayashi Fumiya , Ohtani Ryo , Teraoka Saki , Yoshida Masaki , Kato Masako , Zhang Yingjie , Lindoy Leonard F. , Hayami Shinya , Nakamura Masaaki 
Published: March 2019

AbstractLuminescent ZnII clusters [Zn4L4(μ3‐OMe)2X2] (X=SCN (1), Cl (2), Br (3)) and [Zn7L6(μ3‐OMe)2(μ3‐OH)4]Y2 (Y=I− (4), ClO4− (5)), HL=methyl‐3‐methoxysalicylate, exhibiting blue fluorescence at room temperature (λmax=416≈429 nm, Φem=0.09–0.36) have been synthesised and investigated in detail. In one case the external heavy‐atom effect (EHE) arising the presence of iodide counter anions yielded phosphorescence with a long emission lifetime (λmax=520 nm, τ=95.3 ms) at 77 K. Single‐crystal X‐ray structural analysis and time‐dependent density‐functional theory (TD‐DFT) calculations revealed that their emission origin was attributed to the fluorescence from the singlet ligand‐centred (1LC) excited state, and the phosphorescence observed in 4 was caused by the EHE of counter anions having strong CH−I interactions.
Direct Metal‐ and Reagent‐Free Sulfonylation of Phenols with Sodium Sulfinates by Electrosynthesis
Authors: Nikl Joachim , Lips Sebastian , Schollmeyer Dieter , Franke Robert , Waldvogel Siegfried R. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractA novel electrochemical strategy for the synthesis of aryl sulfones by direct sulfonylation of phenols with sodium sulfinates has been developed. The C,S‐coupling products are of particular interest for chemical synthesis, material sciences and pharmaceutical sciences. By using this metal‐ and reagent‐free electrochemical method, aryl and diaryl sulfones can be obtained directly in good yields. The established one‐step protocol is easy to perform, scalable, inherently safe, and enables a broad scope, which is not limited by quinoid‐forming substrates.
Statistische Analyse des lokalen Wassertransportes einer Polymer‐Elektrolyt‐Brennstoffzelle
Authors: Froning Dieter , Yu Junliang , Reimer Uwe , Lehnert Werner 
Published: March 2019

AbstractDer Wassertransport in der Gasdiffusionsschicht (gas diffusion layer, GDL) einer Polymer‐Elektrolyt‐Brennstoffzelle (PEFC) wurde mithilfe der Lattice‐Boltzmann‐Methode simuliert. Mit einem stochastischen Geometriemodell wurde ein Ensemble von Mikrostrukturen generiert, die alle stochastisch äquivalent zur realen Struktur einer GDL sind. Die raue Oberfläche der GDL bildet das Interface zwischen GDL und Luftkanal einer PEFC. Die aus der GDL austretenden Wassertropfen wurden hinsichtlich ihrer Kontaktwinkel analysiert und kurz der dynamische Verlauf betrachtet.
Einfluss mikrostrukturierter statischer Mischer auf den Gas/Flüssig‐Stofftransport in einem engen Rechteckkanal
Authors: Sengen Anne‐Laura , Herbstritt Frank , Heck Joachim , Grünewald Marcus 
Published: March 2019

AbstractExperimentelle Ergebnisse des volumetrischen Stoffübergangskoeffizienten kLaPh in einem mit statischen Mischern versehenen Rechteckkanal von wenigen Millimetern Höhe (Miprowa®) werden vorgestellt. Als geeignete Methode wurde die physikalische Absorption von CO2 in H2O gewählt. Die Ergebnisse umfassen u. a. eine Gas/Flüssig‐Strömungskarte und erste systematische Messungen des kLaPh‐Wertes in Abhängigkeit von verschiedenen Prozesseinstellungen wie Gas‐ und Flüssigkeitsvolumenströme und Gasgehalt. Ein erster Vergleich des Miprowa® mit etablierten Gas/Flüssig‐Kontaktapparaten wie Rührkessel und Blasensäule wird vorgenommen.
Experimental Investigation of Ethene Decomposition by Video – Determination of Physical Data for Simulation Model
Authors: Hilfer Anton , Degenkolb Jonas , Busch Markus 
Published: March 2019

AbstractIn this work, the decomposition reaction of ethylene is investigated in a high‐pressure view cell. Thus, for the first time, it is possible to precisely determine the velocity and structure of the flame front under high pressure. On one hand, the experiments should provide a better understanding of the decomposition process in a time and spatially resolved manner but also about the chemistry‐turbulence interaction. On the other hand, the experiments serve as a basis and validation for the development of a numerical simulation model.
Telephone versus in‐person colorectal cancer risk and screening intervention for first‐degree relatives: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Esplen Mary Jane , Harrington Sarah , Leung Yvonne W. , Aronson Melyssa , Rothenmund Heidi , Semotiuk Kara , Wong Jiahui , Gallinger Steven , Dicks Elizabeth , McLaughlin John 
Published: March 2019

BackgroundHaving a first‐degree relative (FDR) with colorectal cancer (CRC) is a significant risk factor for CRC. Counseling for FDRs regarding CRC risk factors and personalized risk is important to improve knowledge and screening compliance.MethodsA 3‐arm randomized controlled trial compared tailored in‐person and telephone CRC counseling interventions with controls among FDRs who were not mutation carriers for known hereditary cancer syndromes, but who were considered to be at an increased risk based on family history. It was hypothesized that both telephone and in‐person approaches would increase CRC knowledge, screening adherence, perceived risk accuracy, and psychosocial functioning compared with controls. The authors anticipated greater satisfaction with the in‐person approach. CRC knowledge, risk perception, psychosocial functioning, and intention to screen were assessed at baseline and at 2‐week and 2‐month follow‐ups (primary endpoint).ResultsA total of 278 FDRs (mean age, 47.4 years, standard deviation, 11.38 years) participated. At baseline, participants reported low to moderate CRC knowledge and overestimations of risk. Screening adherence was 73.7%. At 2 months, participants in the in‐person arm and telephone arm demonstrated improvements in knowledge and perceived risk and were not found to be statistically different from each other. However, when comparing each intervention with controls, knowledge in the in‐person arm was found to be statistically significantly higher, but the difference between the telephone and control arms was not. Cancer‐related stress reduced over time in all groups. Intervention benefits were maintained at 1 year. Baseline screening intent/adherence were high, and therefore did not reach statistically significant improvement.ConclusionsTailored in‐person or telephone formats for providing CRC risk counseling, incorporating behavioral interventions, appear to improve knowledge and risk perceptions, with high client satisfaction.