bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Infrared biospectroscopy as a rapid screening tool for COVID-19 diagnosis
Authors: López-Mendoza Carlos M. , Medellín-Castillo Nahúm A. , Mizaikoff Boris , Benitez-Arvizu Gamaliel , Krebs Patrick , Díaz de León-Martínez Lorena , Alcántara-Quintana Luz E. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
Advanced screening technologies, particularly biospectroscopic techniques like infrared attenuated total reflection (IR-ATR) spectroscopy, are gaining significance for their potential to offer fast, reliable, and specific diagnostic methods. These techniques, combined with chemometric approaches, have been increasingly applied for identifying bacterial and viral infections, cancer screening, and are now reported as useful in the context of COVID-19 and Long-COVID. The application IR-ATR, in point-of-care settings is crucial across various contexts. The ongoing progress in deploying IR-ATR in clinical settings represents a significant advancement in infectious disease screening.

Objective
The main objective of this study is to demonstrate the efficacy of IR-ATR as a rapid, sensitive, and specific tool for pathogen detection and infection monitoring at the clinical level, in agreement with existing literature.

Methods
The present study applied IR-ATR spectroscopy as a direct screening methodology that discriminates between patients infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus and healthy subjects via dried serum samples.

Results
The chemometric analysis through PCA presented an accuracy of 99.18% with a sensitivity and specificity of 98.83% and 97.32% respectively.

Conclusions
This approach supports the potential of IR-ATR for pathogen detection -SARS-CoV-2- in clinical settings as a rapid, sensitive, specific and minimally invasive technique that could be valuable for the deployment of rapid platforms for pathogen identification and viral infection monitoring.
A Look Back on the History of Cerebral Revascularization for Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Neurosurgeon’s Perspective
Authors: Findlay Jay Max 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT
This review looks back on our experience with acute middle cerebral artery embolectomies in the 1990s, frowned upon by stroke experts at the time, and no match for the newly introduced and proven treatment of acute ischemic stroke with intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (alteplase). The past several decades have seen dramatic developments in acute cerebral revascularization, the major paradigm shift being in the form of endovascular thrombectomy. Mechanical thrombectomy has moved from the operating room, where we performed it, to the interventional angiography suite armed with ever-improving clot aspiration and retrieval technologies.
Self-supervised contrastive learning of radio data for source detection, classification and peculiar object discovery
Authors: Riggi S. , Cecconello T. , Palazzo S. , Hopkins A.M. , Gupta N. , Bordiu C. , Ingallinera A. , Buemi C. , Bufano F. , Cavallaro F. , Filipović M.D. , Leto P. , Loru S. , Ruggeri A.C. , Trigilio C. , Umana G. , Vitello F. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
New advancements in radio data post-processing are underway within the Square Kilometre Array (SKA) precursor community, aiming to facilitate the extraction of scientific results from survey images through a semi-automated approach. Several of these developments leverage deep learning methodologies for diverse tasks, including source detection, object or morphology classification, and anomaly detection. Despite substantial progress, the full potential of these methods often remains untapped due to challenges associated with training large supervised models, particularly in the presence of small and class-unbalanced labelled datasets.
Self-supervised learning has recently established itself as a powerful methodology to deal with some of the aforementioned challenges, by directly learning a lower-dimensional representation from large samples of unlabelled data. The resulting model and data representation can then be used for data inspection and various downstream tasks if a small subset of labelled data is available.
In this work, we explored contrastive learning methods to learn suitable radio data representations by training the SimCLR model on large collections of unlabelled radio images taken from the ASKAP EMU and SARAO MeerKAT GPS surveys. The resulting models were fine-tuned over smaller labelled datasets, including annotated images from various radio surveys, and evaluated on radio source detection and classification tasks. Additionally, we employed the trained self-supervised models to extract features from radio images, which were used in an unsupervised search for objects with peculiar morphology in the ASKAP EMU pilot survey data. For all considered downstream tasks, we reported the model performance metrics and discussed the benefits brought by self-supervised pre-training, paving the way for building radio foundational models in the SKA era.
Comparative effects of tea and coffee drinking on body weight in adults: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomised trials
Authors: Jayedi Ahmad , Norouziasl Reyhane , Aletaha Azadeh , Mirrafiei Amin , Soltani Akbar , Shab-Bidar Sakineh 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWe aimed at quantifying the effects of different tea and coffee on weight loss in adults. We searched PubMed, Scopus, CENTRAL and grey literature sources to July 2024. The study excluded cross-over trials without washout period, those in critically ill patients, pregnant or breast-feeding women, multicomponent interventions and active control groups with tea or coffee. A random-effects network meta-analysis with a Bayesian framework was performed to calculate the mean difference (MD) and 95 % credible intervals (CrIs). The certainty of evidence was rated using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation approach, and risk of bias was assessed using Cochrane tool. Twenty-two randomised controlled trials with 1710 participants (average intervention duration = 10 weeks) were included. Green tea was effective for weight loss compared with placebo (MD: −1·23 kg, 95 % CrI: −2·45, −0·02; low certainty evidence) or water (MD: −1·61 kg, 95 % CrI: −2·90, −0·35; very low certainty evidence), while other beverages (coffee, decaffeinated coffee, green coffee, black tea and sour tea) were not. Green tea was effective for weight loss compared with water in sensitivity analysis of healthy individuals (MD: −3·31 kg, 95 % CrI: −5·83, −1·04). Based on very low to low certainty evidence, green tea drinking may result in a small weight loss in adults. This study mainly focused on weight loss effects of green tea and coffee, with limited data on other teas. Only five trials had longer intervention durations, suggesting future research on long-term effects. Most trials had high bias risk and low certainty, requiring more high-quality trials.
Drip irrigation and mulching reduce weed interference and improve water productivity of spring maize
Authors: Mohanpuria Ritu , Kaur Simerjeet , Singh K. B. , Brar A. S. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractDrip irrigation and mulching were tested to minimize unproductive water loss through evaporation and weed interference. A field experiment was conducted during spring season of 2020 and 2021 in split plot design with three replications. The study includes six treatment combinations of drip irrigation methods (surface drip and subsurface drip irrigation) and mulching (black plastic, paddy straw and no mulch) along with one conventional furrow irrigation without mulching (as control) in main plots. Four weed control treatments (atrazine 1000 g a.i./ha as pre-emergence, two hand weedings at 30 and 60 days after sowing [DAS], weed free and weedy for whole crop growth period) were kept in the subplots. The combination of drip irrigation and mulches significantly enhanced leaf area index and crop biomass at 60 DAS than furrow irrigation. Integration of subsurface drip irrigation with plastic mulching resulted in the lowest weed density and biomass among main plots. Drip irrigation coupled with plastic and straw mulching resulted in 86 and 50% reduction in weed density and biomass, respectively, as compared to no mulching. Integration of subsurface drip with paddy straw mulch and black plastic mulch resulted in 17.1 and 15.5% higher maize grain yield, respectively, as compared to furrow irrigation. The highest irrigation water productivity (3.58 kg/m3) was observed in combination of subsurface drip and paddy straw mulch followed by combination of subsurface drip and black plastic mulch (3.51 kg/m3). Overall, straw mulching in drip irrigation system proved economical in terms of maize productivity.
Assessing the diversity of freshwater fish trematodes from Laguna Escondida, Los Tuxtlas tropical rainforest, Mexico, using morphology and 28S rDNA sequences as barcodes
Authors: Velázquez-Urrieta Y. , García-Varela M. , Pérez-Ponce de León G. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Despite a great effort made for almost 90 years, the diversity of freshwater fish trematodes in Mexico is still far from being fully known. The addition of molecular data to the description of trematode diversity in the last two decades added the potential to establish more robust species limits and a more accurate biodiversity estimation, but also led in some instances to the recognition of cryptic species complexes. Here, we used sequences of the large subunit of the nuclear ribosomal gene (28S rRNA) as barcodes, and morphological data, to assess the diversity of freshwater fish trematodes from a lake within a tropical rainforest. Eighty freshwater fish specimens of eight species were studied, and 120 trematode specimens were collected. Morphologically, specimens were allocated into nine genera; molecular phylogenetic analyses along with sequence divergence data provided evidence for recognising 11 trematode taxa, six adults and five metacercariae; six of them were identified to species level. Geographical distribution and host association patterns are briefly discussed for each trematode taxa.
First description of post-flexion larvae of the West Atlantic trumpetfish, Aulostomus maculatus
Authors: Sundin Josefin , Freese Marko , Otten Eric , Marohn Lasse , Blancke Tina , Hanel Reinhold 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The West Atlantic trumpetfish Aulostomus maculatus is a species of little commercial importance, but it is frequently used as a study organism in behavioural ecology, and it has been traded in the aquarium industry to some extent. The adult life stage is well described, however its early life history is nearly unknown. This paper provides the first description of post-flexion larvae of A. maculatus, including detailed illustrations, photographs, morphological data, and collection site data of specimens collected during a multipurpose research survey conducted within the Sargasso Sea Subtropical Convergence Zone. The collection site also implies a geographic range expansion, off the continental shelf, of the pelagic larvae stage. This paper hence advances the scientific knowledge about the early life stages, distribution and ecology of this species.
Family income and polygenic scores are independently but not interactively associated with cognitive performance among youth genetically similar to European reference populations
Authors: Paul S.E. , Elsayed N.M. , Colbert S.M.C. , Bogdan R. , Hatoum A.S. , Barch D.M. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Cognitive abilities are heritable and influenced by socioeconomic status (SES). It is critical to understand the association between SES and cognition beyond genetic propensity to inform potential benefits of SES-based interventions and to determine if such associations vary across (i) cognitive domains, (ii) facets of SES, and/or (iii) genetic propensity for different aspects of cognition. We examined the contributions of neighborhood socioeconomic advantage, family income, and polygenic scores (PGS) for domains of cognition (i.e., general cognitive ability, executive function, learning and memory, fluid reasoning) in a sample of children (ages 9–10; n = 5549) most genetically similar to reference populations from Europe. With some variability across cognitive outcomes, family income and PGS were independently significantly associated with cognitive performance. Within-sibling analyses revealed that cognitive PGS associations were predominantly driven by between-family effects suggestive of non-direct genetic mechanisms. These findings provide evidence that SES and genetic propensity to cognition have unique associations with cognitive performance in middle childhood. These results underscore the importance of environmental factors and genetic influences in the development of cognitive abilities and caution against overinterpreting associations with PGS of cognitive and educational outcomes as predominantly direct genetic effects.
Exploring patient awareness of palliative care - optimal timing and preferred approaches
Authors: Trevizan Fulvio Bergamo , Paiva A Carlos Eduardo , de Almeida Laura Fiacadori , Zimmermann Camila , Bruera Eduardo , Paiva B Bianca Sakamoto Ribeiro 
Published: November 2024

AbstractObjectivesTo explore patients’ awareness levels of palliative care (PC) and how this awareness shapes their preferences regarding the timing and approach for discussing it.MethodsThe study, conducted at a prominent institution specializing in oncology care, enrolled women aged 18–75 years who had been diagnosed with breast cancer. Patients completed guiding questions: Do you know what PC is?, When is the most appropriate time and the most appropriate way to discuss PC?. The interviews were conducted exclusively via video call and were recorded, transcribed, and then deleted.ResultsThe study involved 61 participants, averaging 49 years old. Almost half (47.5%) had completed high school. Qualitative data analysis revealed 9 thematic categories. Regarding the first question, 2 divergent categories emerged: care for life and threatening treatment. For the second question, opinions diverged into 4 categories: At an early stage, mid-course of the disease, as late as possible, and no time at all. For the third question, 3 categories emerged: communication and support, care setting and environment, and improving the PC experience.Significance of ResultsThis study reveals diverse perspectives on patients’ awareness and preferences for discussing PC, challenging the misconception that it’s only for end-of-life (EOL) situations. Comprehending PC influences when and how patients discuss it. If tied solely to EOL scenarios, discussions may be delayed. Conversely, understanding its role in enhancing advance support encourages earlier conversations. Limited awareness might delay talks, while informed patients actively contribute to shared decision-making. Some patients prefered early involvement, others find mid-treatment discussions stress-relieving. Community support, quiet environments, and accessible resources, underscoring the importance of a calm, empathetic approach, emphasizing the importance of understanding its role in advance support and providing valuable implications for enhancing patient care practices, theories, and policies.
Influence of Forest Cover Loss on Land Surface Temperature Differs by Drivers in China
Authors: Lv Qiushuang , Liu Zhihua , Li Kaili , Guo Wenhua , Zhou Siyu , Guan Ruhong , Wang Wenjuan 
Published: November 2024

AbstractElucidating the climate feedback due to forest cover loss is critical for a comprehensive understanding of the role of forests in mitigating climate change. Current research studies predominantly focus on the impacts of permanent forest conversion, often overlooking the effects of recurrent disturbances such as fire and harvest. This study addresses this gap by examining the impact of forest cover loss caused by two distinct drivers in China over the period 2003–2020. Our analysis revealed that fire‐induced forest cover loss accounted for approximately 10% of total forest cover loss in China. The immediate (i.e., 1 year after disturbance) changes in land surface temperature (ΔLST) due to fire were higher (ΔLST = 0.11°C, interquartile range (IQR): [−0.02°C–0.23°C]) compared to those caused by harvest (ΔLST = 0.04°C, IQR: [−0.01°C–0.09°C]). This finding highlights the immediate warming effect of fire‐induced forest cover loss, was about triple as large as that caused by harvest. Our analysis also found that the warming effect post‐fire gradually lessened but still maintained approximately 0.02°C 5 years later. Change in evapotranspiration is a primary factor influencing surface temperature changes following forest disturbances. Our study provides comprehensive insights into the differential and persistent effects of LST responses to fire and harvest, underscoring the importance of understanding the climate feedback from forest dynamics from different drivers.
Astronomical Calibration of the Ocean Anoxic Event 1b and Its Implications for the Cause of Mid‐Cretaceous Events: A Multiproxy Record
Authors: Ramos J. M. F. , Savian J. F. , Franco D. R. , Figueiredo M. F. , Leandro C. G. , Frontalini F. , Coccioni R. , Casadei N. , Giorgioni M. , Vidal P. H. P. C. , Yokoyama E. , Fazio G. , Jovane L. , Sabatino N. , Trindade R. I. F. , Tedeschi L. R. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe timing and duration of oceanic disturbances linked to Oceanic Anoxic Event (OAE) 1b, as well as the mechanisms driving anoxia and carbon burial during this period, remain subjects of debate. We conducted cyclostratigraphic analyses on magnetic susceptibility (MS) and elemental Ti and Fe series within the upper Aptian‐lower Albian interval of the Poggio le Guaine core in the Umbria‐Marche Basin, Italy. This interval provides a detailed sedimentary record, supported by variations in magnetic mineral content, Ti, Fe, and significant global shifts in the δ13C curve. Orbital control of MS, Ti, and Fe suggests a duration of 2.84 Myr for the OAE 1b event. Our chronostratigraphic analysis reveals ages of 114.07 ± 0.12 Ma for 113/Jacob, 113.28 ± 0.12 Ma for Kilian, 112.49 ± 0.12 Ma for the central age of the Monte Nerone cluster, 111.70 ± 0.12 Ma for Urbino, and 111.28 ± 0.12 Ma for Leenhardt sub‐events. Stable δ13C chemostratigraphy correlations enable the transfer of tiepoints across various sedimentary basins. Key features of the carbon isotope curves were identified, named, and dated using astrochronology. Our findings suggest that the organic‐rich layers associated with the OAE 1b event exhibit distinct characteristics influenced by several factors, including a warm climate driven by volcanic CO2 emissions, heightened precipitation, intense weathering, and marine transgressions. These factors amplify orbital forcings on paleoclimate changes, leading to oceanic‐atmospheric disturbances that promote deoxygenation and carbon burial during OAE 1b.
Carbon Cycle and Circulation Change in the North Pacific Ocean at the Initiation of Northern Hemisphere Glaciation Constrained by Boron‐Based Proxies in Diatoms
Authors: Donald H. K. , Swann G. E. A. , Rae J. W. B. , Foster G. L. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe intensification of Northern Hemisphere glaciation (iNHG) at 2.73 Ma is associated with a reorganization of the subarctic Pacific Ocean and abrupt drop in opal mass accumulation rates. Uncertainty, however, remains around the extent to which these changes altered carbon dynamics and contributed to a reduction in atmospheric pCO2 and global temperatures. These issues are addressed here using the boron isotope (δ11B) proxy in diatom frustules to reconstruct past changes in the pH and pCO2 of ambient seawater. Diatom δ11B and [B] indicate a subarctic Pacific surface water increase of 0.3–0.5 pH units over the iNHG. This confirms that delivery of carbon and nutrients into surface waters was reduced at this time, explaining the drop in opal productivity and limiting CO2 outgassing from the ocean interior. We consider two hypotheses to explain this based on potential changes in circulation from the late Pliocene to early Pleistocene: “ventilation to stratification” or “stratification to ventilation.” The ventilation to stratification hypothesis, which posits a switch from vigorous Pacific Meridional Overturning Circulation in the Pliocene to stratification over iNHG, has received more attention in the literature. The stratification to ventilation hypothesis, which posits a modest increase in ventilation, is more consistent with modern and late Pleistocene analogs, the majority of models and δ13C data. These late Pliocene changes in the subarctic Pacific, in conjunction with other external and internal processes including those in the Southern Ocean, would have contributed to a lowering of atmospheric pCO2 and the long‐term expansion of ice‐sheets across the Northern Hemisphere.
Modeling PFAS Subsurface Transport in the Presence of Groundwater Table Fluctuations: The Impact on Source‐Zone Leaching and Exploration of Model Simplifications
Authors: Zeng Jicai , Brusseau Mark L. , Guo Bo 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAir–water interfacial adsorption represents a major source of retention for many per‐ and poly‐fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). Therefore, transient hydrological fluxes that dynamically change the amount of air–water interfaces are expected to strongly influence PFAS retention in their source zones in the vadose zone. We employ mathematical modeling to study how seasonal groundwater table (GWT) fluctuations affect PFAS source‐zone leaching. The results suggest that, by periodically collapsing air–water interfaces, seasonal GWT fluctuations can lead to strong temporal variations in groundwater concentration and significantly enhance PFAS leaching in the vadose zone. The enhanced leaching is more pronounced for longer‐chain PFAS, coarser‐textured porous media, drier climates, and greater amplitudes of fluctuations. GWT fluctuations and lateral migration above the GWT introduce a downgradient persistent secondary source zone for longer‐chain PFAS. However, the enhanced leaching and the secondary source zone are greatly reduced when subsurface heterogeneity is present. In highly heterogeneous source zones, GWT fluctuations may even lead to overall slower leaching due to lateral flow (in the GWT fluctuation zone and above the GWT) moving PFAS into local regions with greater retention capacities. Model simplification analyses suggest that the enhanced source‐zone leaching due to GWT fluctuations may be approximated using a static but shallower GWT. Additionally, while vertical 1D models underestimate source‐zone leaching due to not representing lateral migration, they can be revised to account for lateral migration and provide lower‐ and upper‐bound estimates of PFAS source‐zone leaching under GWT fluctuations. Overall, our study suggests that representing GWT fluctuations is critical for quantifying source‐zone leaching of PFAS, especially the more interfacially active longer‐chain compounds.