bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Masculine Features in the Speech of Turkish Female Teenagers
Authors: Elyıldırım Selma , Er Ayten 
Published: December 2018

Female and male speakers show differences in the use of language connected with gender. In fact, gender surrounds individuals since their birth and they are conditioned by a social construction to behave in a certain pattern. In other words, people’s beliefs, actions and desires about sexual difference give way to the differences between female and male speakers and individuals are coded about behavior and identity of a specific gender. This coding affects their language use which conforms to the gender they belong to, as well. However, recently teenage female speakers have shown the tendency of using masculine features in their speech. This study aimed to bring these features into light. In data collection two sources were used: a corpus generated from the conversations of teenage speakers and a focus group carried out with a small group of these speakers. The corpus was comprised 20 female and 15 male Turkish subjects’ conversations. The conversations took place in the same sex group as well as mixed sex group in formal contexts such as classroom, office meetings, etc. and informal contexts such as social gatherings, chatting in cafes, etc. In the analysis of the corpus data the choice of lexical items, grammatical structures and level of formality were examined. The results of the study revealed that some female speakers produce words and structures peculiar to the male speech. This study considers the findings of the study and draws some conclusions from these findings.
It takes more than translating a flier: Considerations in serving immigrants as victims of crime in a large Midwestern city
Authors: Yotebieng Kelly Ann , Steinman Kenneth J. , Phelps Lauren , Schoeppner Samantha , Wilkinson Deanna 
Published: December 2018

Recent public discourse on the possible threats posed by immigrant populations as potential perpetrators of crime seems to ignore the accumulating scholarly literature that shows that immigrants have a documented crime reducing effect on the general population in the United States. Yet, immigrants themselves are placed at heightened risk for a wide variety of victimization experiences. Their needs as victims of crime have rarely been studied. This study aims to partially fill that void by investigating how service providers funded to assist victims of crime work with and attempt to meet the needs of immigrants, including large numbers of refugees, in one large Midwest city. The states Attorney Generals office supported a needs assessment that included a focus on the needs of victims from immigrant (and other) underserved populations. We conducted 21 semi-structured interviews with key informants who had varying degrees of expertise serving crime victims from immigrant communities across the state. Interviews were audiotaped, transcribed, coded and analyzed using a collaborative, team-based approach. Our analysis describes the challenges faced by service providers serving immigrant victims and recommends directions for future research and policy.
Japon Ahlak Eğitimi: Erdemli Yaşam İçin Rol Modeli
Authors: Kahraman Cahit 
Published: December 2018

“Good-hearted person” is referred to a personality with good morals, who is fair, decent and neat. In order to raise a good hearted person, or for a person to have good virtues, it is necessary to mention the significance or sublimity of these values. When asked how is raised a person with morals in Japan, İnazo Nitobe stated that what teaches these values are Bushido warrior codes. With Confucianism prevailing in Edo period (1603-1868), Shushin education taught how to do good deed. Confucius’ work “Daigaku” specifies four main factors for the ruling of the country: These can be explained as “Shushin” (self-nurturing), “Seika” (family nurturing), “Chikoku” (protecting the homeland) and “Heitenka” (endless respect for the Emperor). Prior to the World War II many values of good morals have been a part of Shushin education and since the first grade of the primary school was taught how to become a good Japanese. In 1945, Shushin education was ceased by the Allied Forces. In the 1960’s, considering that they lost Japaneseness and Japanese soul in their character, the Japanese made three month Seishin (spirituality) education mandatory for every employee. In the present day Japan, Dōtoku (Moral Knowledge Course) is provided from the primary to high school. As work life starts this education continues with Kyöyö (Workplace Training) journals. This study is an analysis of Dōtoku coursebooks and some workplace journals.
Book Reviews
Authors: Klein Janet , Romano David , Gunter Michael M. , Jongerden Joost , İnce Atakan , Casier Marlies 
Published: December 2018

Uğur Ümit Üngör, The Making of Modern Turkey: Nation and State in Eastern Anatolia, 1913-1950, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2011, 352 pp. (ISBN: 9780199603602).Mohammed M. A. Ahmed, Iraqi Kurds and Nation-Building. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2012, 294 pp., (ISBN: 978-1-137-03407-6), (paper). Ofra Bengio, The Kurds of Iraq: Building a State within a State. Boulder, CO and London, UK: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 2012, xiv + 346 pp., (ISBN 978-1-58826-836-5), (hardcover). Cengiz Gunes, The Kurdish National Movement in Turkey, from Protest to Resistance, London: Routledge, 2012, 256 pp., (ISBN: 978-0-415—68047-9). Aygen, Gülşat, Kurmanjî Kurdish. Languages of the World/Materials 468, München: Lincom Europa, 2007, 92 pp., (ISBN: 9783895860706), (paper).Barzoo Eliassi, Contesting Kurdish Identities in Sweden: Quest for Belonging among Middle Eastern Youth, Oxford: New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2013, 234 pp. (ISBN: 9781137282071).
Book Reviews
Authors: Westrheim Kariane , Gunter Michael , Koc Yener , Aykan Yavuz , King Diane E. , Tejel Jordi , Jongerden Joost , Bruinessen Martin Van 
Published: December 2018

Adem Uzun, “Living Freedom”: The Evolution of the Kurdish Conflict in Turkey and the Efforts to Resolve it. Berghof Transitions Series No. 11. Berlin: Berghof Foundation, 2014. 48 pp., (ISBN: 978-3-941514-16-4).Ebru Sönmez, Idris-i Bidlisi: Ottoman Kurdistan and Islamic Legitimacy, Libra Kitap, Istanbul, 2012, 190 pp., (ISBN: 978-605-4326-56-3). Sabri Ateş, The Ottoman–Iranian Borderlands: Making a Boundary, 1843-1914, New York; Cambridge University Press, 2013. 366., (ISBN: 978-1107033658). Choman Hardi, Gendered Experiences of Genocide: Anfal Survivors in Kurdistan-Iraq. Farnham, Surrey and Burlington Vermont: Ashgate, 2011, xii + 217 pp., (ISBN: 978-0-7546-7715-4).Harriet Allsopp, The Kurds of Syria: Political Parties and Identity in the Middle East, London and New York, I.B. Tauris, 2014, 299 pp., (ISBN: 978-1780765631).Khanna Omarkhali (ed.), Religious Minorities in Kurdistan: Beyond the Mainstream [Studies in Oriental Religions, Volume 68], Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 2014, xxxviii + 423 pp., (ISBN: 978-3-447-10125-7).Anna Grabole-Çeliker, Kurdish Life in Contemporary Turkey: Migration, Gender and Ethnic Identity, London: I.B. Taurus, 2013, 299 pp., (ISBN: 978-1780760926).
Islamic revivalism and Kurdish nationalism in Sheikh Ubeydullah’s poetic oeuvre
Authors: Soleimani Kamal 
Published: December 2018

This article investigates Sheikh Ubeydullah of Nehri’s Kurdish-Islamic revivalist project based on a close reading of his Mesnewi. This article primarily focuses on the fusion of the Sheikh’s Islamic revivalism with his Kurdish nationalism in his poetic work. A close reading of the Mesnewi leaves no doubt that in the mind of his author both the future of Kurds and that of his revivalist project depended on the creation of an independent state.ABSTRACT IN KURMANJIVejîna dînî û neteweyî ya kurdî di dîwana şi’rên Şêx ‘Ubeydullahê Nehrî deEv nivîsar lêkolînek e li ser bîr û bernameya Şêx ‘Ubeydullahê Nehrî ya vejîna dînî û kurdî bi rêya tehlîlkirina berhema wî ya bi navê Mesnewî. Nivîsar bi taybetî dikeve dû têgihiştina têkilbûna hizrên vejîna îslamî û netewegeriya kurdî di şi’rên Şêx ‘Ubeydullahî de. Xwendineke hûrbînane ya Mesnewîyê çu şikekê tê de nahêle ku li gor nivîskarê wê berhemê, hem paşeroja kurdan û hem jî bernameya wî ya vejîna îslamî bi damezrandina dewleteke serbixwe ya kurdî ve girêdayî bûn. ABSTRACT IN SORANI
Book Reviews
Authors: Kurdish Studies Kurdish Studies 
Published: December 2018

David L. Phillips, The Kurdish Spring: A New Map of the Middle East, New Brunswick, N.J.: Transaction Publishers, 2015. 268 pp., (ISBN-13: 978-1412856805).Bedross Der Matossian, Shattered Dreams of Revolution: From Liberty to Violence in the Late Ottoman Empire, Stanford, California : Stanford University Press, 2014, 264 pp., (ISBN: 9780804791472). Yaniv Voller, The Kurdish Liberation Movement in Iraq: From Insurgency to Statehood, Oxon: Routledge, 2014, 190 pp., (ISBN: 978-0-415-70724-4).Özlem Galip, Imagining Kurdistan: Identity, Culture and Society, London and New York: I.B. Tauris, 2015, 311 pp., (ISBN: 978 1 78453 016 7).Mahir A. Aziz, The Kurds of Iraq: Nationalism and Identity in Iraqi Kurdistan, London and New York: I.B. Taurus, 2015, 163 pp., (ISBN: 978-1-78453-273-4).
Theorising women and war in Kurdistan: A feminist and critical perspective
Authors: Begikhani Nazand , Hamelink Wendelmoet , Weiss Nerina 
Published: December 2018

In this introductory article to the special issue Women and War in Kurdistan, we connect our topic to feminist theory, to anthropological theory on war and conflict and their long-term consequences, and to theory on gender, nation and (visual) representation. We investigate Kurdish women’s victimisation and marginalisation, but also their resistance and agency as female combatants and women activists, their portrayal by media and scholars, and their self-representation. We offer herewith a critical perspective on militarisation, women’s liberation, and women’s experiences in times of war and peace. We also introduce the five articles in this issue and discuss how they contribute to the study of women and war in two main areas: the wide-reaching effects of war on women’s lives, and the gendered representation and images of war in Kurdistan. ABSTRACT IN KURMANJIBîrdoza jin û şer li Kurdistanê. Perspektîveke femînîst û rexnegirîDi vê nivîsara danasîner a hejmara taybet a li ser Jin û Şer li Kurdistanê de, em mijarê behsê bi bîrdoza femînîst, bîrdoza mirovnasiyê ya şer û pevçûnan û encamên wan yên demdirêj, û bîrdoza zayend, netewe û nîşane (ya ditinî) ve girêdidin. Em li ser vederkirin û mexdûrkirina jinên kurd lêkolînê dikin, her wekî meseleya berxwedan û îradeya şervanên jin û çalakvanên mafên jinan, û pirsên ku çawa medya û lêkolîner qala wan dikin û çawa ew jî xwe didin nîşan. Em her weha perspektîveke li ser leşkerîkirin, azadkirina jinan û tecrubeyên jinan di heyamên şer û aştiyê de pêşberî xwendevanan dikin. Di ber re, em danasîna her pênc nivîsarên vê hejmarê jî dikin û girîngiya wan a ji bo lêkolînên jin û şerî di du warên sereke de guftûgo dikin: encamên berfireh yên şer li ser jiyana jinan, û nîşane û dimenên zayendî yên şer li Kurdistanê. ABSTRACT IN SORANIBe Tiyorîkirdinî rewşî jinan û ceng le Kurdistan: Goşenîgayekî fêmînîstî w rexnegiraneLem çend wutare da, ke melefêkî taybete be jinan û ceng le Kurdistan, hewlman dawe ke kogîrîyek bikeyn le ruwangey fêmînîstî w tiyorîy antropolojî leser ceng û milmilanê w akame dirêjxayenekanyan le layek û herweha tiyorîy regez, netewe w têruwanînî nwênerêtîkirdin le layekî dîke. Ême xwêndineweman kirdûwe bo kêşey bequrbanîbûn û perawêzxistinî jinan. Le heman kat da mijarî berxodan û xorêxistinî jinan wek cengawer û çalakanî mafî jinan û wêney ewan le rageyandin û lenêw lêkolînewe zanistiyekan û têruwanînî xoşyan da. Ême herweha têruwanînî rexnegiraneman leser mijarî çekdarî, azadîy jinan û ezmûnî jinan le katî ceng û aştî da xistote rû. Lem melefe taybete da, pênc wutarman pêşkêş kirdûwe w eweman nîşan dawe keçon le dû layenî giringewe tîşk xirawete ser mijareke: karîgerîy firawanî ceng le ser jiyanî jinan, herweha nuwandin û wêney regezî jinan le ceng le Kurdistan da.
Immigration and the tech industry: As a labour shortage remedy, for innovation, or for cost savings?
Authors: Matloff Norman 
Published: December 2018

The two main reasons cited by the U.S. tech industry for hiring foreign workers--remedying labour shortages and hiring "the best and the brightest"--are investigated, using data on wages, patents, and R&D work, as well as previous research and industry statements. The analysis shows that the claims of shortage and outstanding talent are not supported by the data, even after excluding the Indian IT service firms. Instead, it is shown that the primary goals of employers in hiring foreign workers are to reduce labour costs and to obtain "indentured" employees. Current immigration policy is causing an ‘Internal Brain Drain’ in STEM.
Educational Assessment of Syrian Refugees in Turkey
Authors: Bircan Tuba , Sunata Ulaş 
Published: December 2018

In political, social and economical terms, Turkey is the most affected country of the Syrian crisis. More importantly, Turkey as a host country of Syrian refugees has been living a dramatic demographic change. The most marginalized group living in Turkey is children. Refugee education has hence become of top priority. The global report in refugee education is below the critical level, but Turkish report is even worse in the contexts of not only accessibility and quality. This work refers to uniquely gathered dataset from AFAD and UNHCR in order to portray the current demography of Syrian refugees in particular concentrating on the ones living in camps. Main purpose is elaborating the current educational assessment of Syrian child refugees in Turkey. Our findings indicate the significant number of refugee children in need of access to basic education at all levels and underlines the magnitude of scarce of education program development mainly due to lack of financial matters. Hence, it advises a kind of collaboration among implementing public and private partners at the local, national and international levels.
New Directions in Research on Immigration, Crime, Law, and Justice
Authors: Adelman Robert M. , Kubrin Charis E. , Ousey Graham C. , Reid Lesley W. 
Published: December 2018

From the early twentieth century onward, research has found little to no support for a positive association between immigration and crime (Hayford 1911). In fact, much available research finds the opposite; more immigration leads to less crime. While the scholarly community has largely debunked as myth the idea that more immigrants lead to more crime, there remain many questions about the nature of the relationship between immigration and crime. Three articles in this special issue take up these more nuanced questions. The research presented in this special issue contributes new findings and perspectives on immigration, crime, law, and justice. The analyses range from studies of the relationship between undocumented immigration and crime among youthful offenders to studies of newspaper coverage of immigration and crime in Europe. Moreover, the questions addressed are informed by a productive mixture of quantitative and qualitative empirical evidence from the present and the past. As we look to the future, we encourage scholars to build from the work presented herein and to seek diverse data to build a better understanding of the complex ways that immigration, crime, law, and justice are interconnected.
Westphalia, Migration, and Feudal Privilege
Authors: Bauder Harald 
Published: December 2018

Most people acquire citizenship at birth; and modern liberal states regulate the migration of non-citizens as a matter of their sovereignty. Do contemporary border and migration controls based on citizenship therefore enforce the continuation of feudal birth privilege? In this paper I interrogate this question by examining the role of migration controls in the Westphalian Treaties, which define a milestone in the development of territorial state sovereign. I find that the Treaties assumed that a sovereign’s subjects are not free to cross territorial borders, and that migration controls continue to enforce birth privilege. However, while feudal sovereigns ruled by bondage, modern liberal states rule by exclusion.
Book Reviews
Authors: Metelits Claire , Antonopoulos Georgios A. 
Published: December 2018

The Uprooted: Improving Humanitarian Responses to Forced Migration by Susan F. Martin, Patricia Weiss Fagen, Kari Jorgensen, Lydia Mann-Bondat, and Andrew Schoenholtz (2006) Lexington Books, 304p. (ISBN 0739110837)Human Cargo: A Journey among Refugees by Caroline Moorehead (2006) Vintage, London, 330p. (ISBN 978-0-099-49287-0)
Egyptian irregular migration to Europe
Authors: Zohry Ayman 
Published: December 2018

In this paper, I explore characteristics of Egyptian who migrate irregularly to Europe and reasons of irregular migration from the point of departure through a field survey in some Egyptian villages known of sending irregular – as well as regular - migrants to Europe (mainly Italy and France). The survey gathered information about the level of awareness of potential migrants about irregular migration and migrants smuggling from Egypt. The results indicate that the vast majority of youth who want to migrate to Europe as well as current migrants intend to return to Egypt after a temporary stay in the countries of destination. These findings suggest that the Egyptian migration to Europe is a re-production of the pattern of Egyptian migration to the Arab Gulf countries, where young males migrate to achieve specific financial goals and then they return.
Positioning Generation Y for Effective Mobile Communication: The case of three cities in India
Authors: Jain Varsha , Pant Saumya 
Published: December 2018

India is the second largest mobile phone market after China in terms of number of handsets sold also, usage has increased exponentially in the country. Indian mobile users have high disposable income and young consumers known as Generation Y primarily uses the phone and are very tech-savvy. Using the theory of reasoned action, which suggests that individual attitude and subjective norms and related to behaviour. We have developed three research questions pertaining to characteristics of Generation Y and their mobile usage. In total, 10 Focus Group Discussions (FGD) with 70 participants from different segments of the market were conducted in major leading cities such as Ahmedabad, Mumbai and Bangalore as it has 4.17 crore, 5.12 crore and 3.8 crore mobile phone users respectively. Preliminary findings indicate: Generation Y aspires to become independent. They have materialistic and social aspirations. They spend more time with friends and peers than their family. They access multiple media simultaneously such as TV, print, mobiles etc. Mobile phones are very close to their heart as it is an extension of their personality. They prefer to communicate on the virtual platform via mobile phone. The findings imply that Generation Y has moved from conspicuousness to subtle and hedonic expression. This research study provides a detailed understanding of nuances and characteristics of attitudes and intended behaviour of Generation Y.
Maternal depression and primary healthcare use for children: a population-based cohort study in Denmark
Authors: Lyngsøe Bente K , Rytter Dorte , Munk-Olsen Trine , Vestergaard Claus H , Christensen Kaj S , Bech Bodil H 
Published: December 2018

BackgroundDepression is a common mental illness worldwide. The offspring of a mother with depression has higher risk of developing mental and physical illness.AimThis study aimed to investigate the association between the timing of maternal depression and the use of primary health care for the offspring.Design and settingA population-based birth cohort study in Danish primary care using Danish national registers.MethodAll Danish children born between 1 January 2000 and 31 December 2013 (n = 869 140 children) were included in the study. The primary outcome was number and type of annual contacts with the GP. The secondary outcome was specific services used by the GP to assess inflammatory and infectious disease in the children. Exposure was maternal depression of four categories: non-depressed, recent, previous, and past depression. The association was expressed as adjusted incidence rate ratios (IRR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI).ResultsMaternal depression was associated with a higher use of primary health care for all three categories of depression. The strongest association was found for children of a mother with recent depression; they had 16% more contacts than children of a non-depressed mother (adjusted IRR = 1.16, 95% CI = 1.15 to 1.17), and 19–24% more positive infectious-related tests were found in this group.ConclusionExposure to maternal depression was associated with a significantly higher use of primary health care for the offspring for all exposure categories. These findings reveal that healthcare use is higher for the offspring exposed to maternal depression, even several years after expected remission. The higher ratio of positive tests indicates that exposed children are ill with infectious disease more often.
On the 1/f Spectrum in the Solar Wind and Its Connection with Magnetic Compressibility
Authors: Matteini L. , Stansby D. , Horbury T. S. , Chen C. H. K. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
We discuss properties of Alfvénic fluctuations with large amplitude in plasmas characterized by low magnetic field compression. We note that in such systems power laws cannot develop with arbitrarily steep slopes at large scales, i.e., when

becomes of the order of the background field

. In such systems there is a scale l
0 at which the spectrum has to break due to the condition of weak compressibility. A very good example of this dynamics is offered by solar wind fluctuations in Alfvénic fast streams, characterized by the property of constant field magnitude. We show here that the distribution of

in the fast wind displays a strong cutoff at

, as expected for fluctuations bounded on a sphere of radius

. This is also associated with a saturation of the rms of the fluctuations at large scales and introduces a specific length l
0, above which the amplitude of the fluctuations becomes independent on the scale l. Consistent with that, the power spectrum at l > l
0 is characterized by a −1 spectral slope, as expected for fluctuations that are scale-independent. Moreover, we show that the spectral break between the 1/f and inertial range in solar wind spectra indeed corresponds to the scale l
0 at which

. Such a simple model provides a possible alternative explanation of magnetic spectra observed in interplanetary space, also pointing out the inconsistency for a plasma to simultaneously maintain

at arbitrarily large scales and satisfy a Kolmogorov scaling.
The Origin of High-velocity Stars from Gaia and LAMOST
Authors: Du Cuihua , Li Hefan , Newberg Heidi Jo , Chen Yuqin , Shi Jianrong , Wu Zhenyu , Ma Jun 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Based on the second Gaia data release and spectroscopy from the Large Sky Area Multi-object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST) Data Release 5, we define the high-velocity (HiVel) stars sample as those stars with v
gc > 0.85v
esc, and derived the final sample of 24 HiVel stars with stellar astrometric parameters and radial velocities. Most of the HiVel stars are metal poor and α-enhanced. In order to further explore the origin of these HiVel stars, we traced the backward orbits of each HiVel star in the Galactic potential to derive probability parameters that are used to classify these HiVel stars. Of these, 5 stars are from the tidal debris of disrupted dwarf galaxy, and 19 stars are runaway-star candidates originating from the stellar disk.