bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Amelioration of Autoimmune Arthritis in Mice Treated With the DNA Methyltransferase Inhibitor 5′‐Azacytidine
Authors: Tóth Dániel M. , Ocskó Timea , Balog Attila , Markovics Adrienn , Mikecz Katalin , Kovács László , Jolly Meenakshi , Bukiej Aleksandra A. , Ruthberg Andrew D. , Vida András , Block Joel A. , Glant Tibor T. , Rauch Tibor A. 
Published: March 2019

ObjectiveDisease‐associated, differentially hypermethylated regions have been reported in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), but no DNA methyltransferase inhibitors have been evaluated in either RA or any animal models of RA. The present study was conducted to evaluate the therapeutic potential of 5′‐azacytidine (5′‐azaC), a DNA methyltransferase inhibitor, and explore the cellular and gene regulatory networks involved in the context of autoimmune arthritis.MethodsA disease‐associated genome‐wide DNA methylation profile was explored by methylated CpG island recovery assay–chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) in arthritic B cells. Mice with proteoglycan‐induced arthritis (PGIA) were treated with 5′‐azaC. The effect of 5′‐azaC on the pathogenesis of PGIA was explored by measuring serum IgM and IgG1 antibody levels using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, investigating the efficiency of class‐switch recombination (CSR) and Aicda gene expression using real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, monitoring germinal center (GC) formation by immunohistochemistry, and determining alterations in B cell subpopulations by flow cytometry. The 5′‐azaC–induced regulation of the Aicda gene was explored using RNA interference, ChIP, and luciferase assays.ResultsWe explored arthritis‐associated hypermethylated regions in mouse B cells and demonstrated that DNA demethylation had a beneficial effect on autoimmune arthritis. The 5′‐azaC–mediated demethylation of the epigenetically inactivated Ahr gene resulted in suppressed expression of the Aicda gene, reduced CSR, and compromised GC formation. Ultimately, this process led to diminished IgG1 antibody production and amelioration of autoimmune arthritis in mice.ConclusionDNA hypermethylation plays a leading role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune arthritis and its targeted inhibition has therapeutic potential in arthritis management.
Physico‐Chemical Modeling of a Lithium‐Ion Battery: An Ageing Study with Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy
Authors: Heinrich Marco , Wolff Nicolas , Harting Nina , Laue Vincent , Röder Fridolin , Seitz Steffen , Krewer Ulrike 
Published: March 2019

AbstractElectrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy measurements and simulations are performed on a nickel manganese cobalt oxide (NMC)/graphite pouch cell. A physico‐chemical continuum battery model is extended by a physical ageing model including a Solid Electrolyte Interphase. The model assumes a loss of electrochemically active surface area at anode and cathode as well as a growth of solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer thickness. These ageing parameters have been adjusted with an algorithm to achieve agreement between simulated and measured spectra. The results for a 28 mAh pouch cell show that the ageing model is suitable to correlate the change of the impedance spectrum with the degree of degradation of the cell. In detail, SEI thickness is shown to increase by 45 nm, while the anode and cathode loose 20 % and 57 % of their electrochemically active surface area, respectively. In addition, deviating measurement conditions and the end of life of the cell can be indicated by the parameter identification algorithm. Furthermore, it is demonstrated, that the change of the high and low frequency semicircles can be assigned to the anode SEI and cathode respectively.
What Is the “Relevant” Amyloid β42 Concentration?
Authors: Raskatov Jevgenij A. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractAlzheimer's amyloid beta can perform a wide variety of actions that are highly concentration dependent. This viewpoint aims to provide a framework for basic considerations on what might be considered brain‐relevant concentrations of the peptide. Some implications for the therapeutic implementation of the recently emerged oligomer‐to‐fibril strategy are discussed.
Intravascular lithotripsy assisted chronic total occlusion revascularization with reverse controlled antegrade retrograde tracking
Authors: Yeoh Julian , Hill Jonathan , Spratt James C. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractAdvances in percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) techniques in chronic total occlusion (CTO) procedures have improved the success of this procedure. CTO PCI via the retrograde approach are facilitated most frequently by reverse controlled antegrade/retrograde tracking (R‐CART). This aims to create a communication between the proximal and distal lumens, which may be achieved between intimal and subintimal spaces. In patients with calcified coronary vessels, creating sufficient disruptions to connect these spaces can be challenging. Intravascular lithotripsy (IVL) has become a useful tool to modify intracoronary calcification for stent deployment and expansion. This case demonstrates the utility of IVL in facilitating connection in R‐CART to complete the CTO PCI where heavy calcification was present at the site of chronic occlusion.
Coronary artery fenestration as rescue management of intramural haematoma with luminal compression
Authors: Bresson Didier , Calcaianu Mihaela , Lawson Bree , Jacquemin Laurent 
Published: March 2019

AbstractConservative management is the first‐line treatment for spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) with stable haemodynamic status and thrombolysis in myocardial infarction three flow on angiography. However, in a few very specific patients, recurrent ischemia, or haemodynamic instability necessitates revascularization. Here, we describe a case of successful optical coherence tomography (OCT)‐guided percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with a cutting balloon. We performed fenestration at multiple decompression sites prior to stenting in an intramural haematoma with luminal compression. Rescue management of SCAD with luminal compression is a critical issue, because SCAD is an emergent clinical condition affecting young patients with a severe prognosis. To our knowledge, there are no large published series evaluating procedural success rates and long‐term follow‐up of this technique.
Effect of barrel temperature and feed moisture on the physical properties of chickpea, sorghum, and maize extrudates and the functionality of their resultant flours—Part 1
Authors: Wang Shuyang , Ai Yongfeng , Hood‐Niefer Shannon , Nickerson Michael T. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackground and objectivesThe effect of barrel temperature (120 and 150°C, held constant in zones 4–6) and feed moisture (20 and 24%) on the physical properties of chickpea, sorghum, and maize extrudates and the functionality of their resultant flours was investigated.FindingsThe moisture–temperature interaction significantly affected expansion ratio for all extrudates. In general, greater expansion occurred at 150°C; however, greater expansion occurred for chickpea and the cereal flours at high and low moisture levels, respectively. Expansion was negatively correlated with both hardness and bulk density. Extrusion also gelatinized starch, which was indirectly reflected by the 2–3× increase in water hydration capacity and 8‐40x decrease in pasting viscosities for all flours. Oil holding capacity remained relatively unchanged. Extrusion showed minor and mixed results on the emulsifying abilities of the flours, whereas all precooked flours were nonfoaming. The precooked flours also displayed reduced nitrogen solubility relative to the raw flours.ConclusionsExtrusion significantly affected the hydration and pasting properties of the flours. Maximum extrudate expansion required different extrusion conditions for chickpea flour as compared to cereal flours.Significance and noveltyBased on their functionality, the extruded flours have potential application in instant hot or cold beverages or may be blended with other flours to achieve the desired product functionality.
Primary hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Wang Ao , Yuan Lei 
Published: March 2019

Key Clinical MessageWe report a case of hyperparathyroidism with hypercalcemia caused by a giant parathyroid adenoma. We use a technetium sestamibi scan to locate parathyroid mass. Bone emission computed tomography revealed the classic signs of metabolic osteopathy. She was recovered after parathyroidectomy.
Impact of Surface Composition of SrTiO3 Catalysts for Oxidative Coupling of Methane
Authors: Bai Lei , Polo‐Garzon Felipe , Bao Zhenghong , Luo Si , Moskowitz Benjamin M. , Tian Hanjing , Wu Zili 
Published: March 2019

AbstractOxidative coupling of methane (OCM) to C2 hydrocarbons (C2H6 and C2H4) have regained much attention due to the shale gas revolution. Perovskite catalysts have shown promising activity and selectivity to C2 hydrocarbons. Here, we investigate the effect of surface reconstruction (leading to different surface compositions) of perovskites on the OCM by using SrTiO3(STO) as a model catalyst. Different surface densities of Sr (25–96 %) were attained via various treatments of STO. Low energy ion scattering (LEIS) and UV‐Raman results are in good agreement on the surface and subsurface composition of the reconstructed STO. From H2‐TPR, the same H2 consumption of STO samples allows relating their catalytic performances with surface acid‐base properties (quantified by NH3‐/CO2‐TPD). At 600–800 °C, the surface Sr enrichment was found to enhance CH4 conversion, C2 selectivity and the ratio C2H4/C2H6 up to Sr/(Sr+Ti) of 0.66 and then levels off. Furthermore, the relative concentration of basic sites, base/(base+acid), is found as a better descriptor for STO catalytic performances. This work shows the clear correlation between surface reconstruction, relative basicity/acidity and OCM catalytic performance over perovskite catalysts. The trends here are similar to those for CH4 combustion over the reconstructed STO in our recent work. Overall, we suggest that tuning surface reconstruction/composition of perovskites can be an effective approach to control CH4 activation and conversions.
Kemp Eliminases of the AlleyCat Family Possess High Substrate Promiscuity
Authors: Caselle Elizabeth A. , Yoon Jennifer H. , Bhattacharya Sagar , Rempillo Joel J. L. , Lengyel Zsófia , D'Souza Areetha , Moroz Yurii S. , Tolbert Patricia L. , Volkov Alexander N. , Forconi Marcello , Castañeda Carlos A. , Makhlynets Olga V. , Korendovych Ivan V. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe front cover artwork for Issue 05/2019 is provided by the Korendoych and the Makhlynets Labs at Syracuse University (USA) in collaboration with the VIB Centre for Structural Biology (Belgium), College of Charleston (USA) and Kyiv National University (Ukraine). The image shows AlleyCat2, a minimalist allosterically regulated Kemp eliminase, efficiently promoting ring opening of leflunomide, an immunosuppresant. Small libraries of designed catalysts provide fertile ground for discovering new reactivities. See the Communication itself at https://doi.org/10.1002/cctc.201801994.
Protonation and Anion Binding Properties of Aromatic Bis‐Urea Derivatives—Comprehending the Proton Transfer
Authors: Barišić Dajana , Cindro Nikola , Kulcsár Marina Juribašić , Tireli Martina , Užarević Krunoslav , Bregović Nikola , Tomišić Vladislav 
Published: March 2019

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue is the group of Vladislav Tomišić at the University of Zagreb and colleagues from the Ruđer Bošković Institute of Zagreb. The image depicts a urea derivative as a piece of jewelry, a part of which is being stolen, to represent proton transfer in the presence of basic anions. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/chem.201805633.
Resin Swelling in Mixed Solvents Analysed using Hansen Solubility Parameter Space
Authors: Ran Yanrui , Byrne Fergal , Ingram Ian D. V. , North Michael 
Published: March 2019

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue is the group of Michael North and co‐workers at the University of York. The image depicts the use of a mixture of two green solvents to swell a solid‐phase synthesis resin bead that does not swell in either pure solvent. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/chem.201900228.
A new approach to model friction losses in the water‐assisted pipeline transportation of heavy oil and bitumen
Authors: Rushd Sayeed , McKibben Melissa , Sanders R. Sean 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACTContinuous water‐assisted flow (CWAF), where a water layer surrounds a viscous oil core, provides low energy, long distance transport of heavy oil and bitumen without requiring heating or solvent addition. In industrial applications of CWAF, the pipe wall is fouled by a thin coating of oil, an effect not considered in many studies of water‐lubricated pipe flows. In the present study, a new method to model pressure loss in the water‐assisted pipeline flow of heavy oil is introduced. The hydrodynamic effects produced by the wall‐fouling layer are incorporated in the model as input parameters for CFD simulations. The most important of these parameters are the thickness of the wall‐fouling layer and the equivalent hydrodynamic roughness it produces. The CFD methodology described here was developed on the ANSYS‐CFX platform and is able to capture the effects of the wall‐fouling layer, the hydrodynamic roughness produced by this layer, and the water hold‐up. The new CFD model was validated using previously collected data from tests conducted in two separate pipeline loops (100 and 260 mm in diameter), using a range of oil viscosities, water fractions, and mixture velocities. Compared to existing models, the one presented here provides more accurate predictions and requires significantly fewer computing resources. Because the model was developed using a physics‐based approach, it is a useful tool in evaluating the effects of pipe diameter, oil viscosity (or temperature), water cut, and mixture velocity on pressure losses in water‐assisted heavy oil pipelines.
The cost effectiveness of treating Burkitt lymphoma in Uganda
Authors: Denburg Avram E. , Laher Nazeefah , Mutyaba Innocent , McGoldrick Suzanne , Kambugu Joyce , Sessle Erica , Orem Jackson , Casper Corey 
Published: March 2019

BackgroundPerceptions of high cost and resource intensity remain political barriers to the prioritization of childhood cancer treatment programs in many low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs). Little knowledge exists of the actual cost and cost‐effectiveness of such programs. To improve outcomes for children with Burkitt lymphoma (BL), the most common childhood cancer in Africa, the Uganda Cancer Institute implemented a comprehensive BL treatment program in 2012. We undertook an economic evaluation of the program to ascertain the cost‐effectiveness of BL therapy in a specific LIC setting.MethodsWe compared the treatment of BL to usual care in a cohort of 122 patients treated between 2012 and 2014. Costs included variable, fixed, and family costs. Our primary measure of effectiveness was overall survival (OS). Patient outcomes were determined through prospective capture and retrospective chart abstraction. The cost per disability‐adjusted life‐year (DALY) averted was calculated using the World Health Organization’s Choosing Interventions That Are Cost‐Effective (WHO‐CHOICE) methodology.ResultsThe 2‐year OS with treatment was 55% (95% CI, 45% to 64%). The cost per DALY averted in the treatment group was US$97 (Int$301). Cumulative estimate of national DALYs averted through treatment was 8607 years, and the total national annual cost of treatment was US$834,879 (Int$2,590,845). The cost of BL treatment fell well within WHO‐CHOICE cost‐effectiveness thresholds. The ratio of cost per DALY averted to per capita gross domestic product was 0.14, reflecting a very cost‐effective intervention.ConclusionThis study demonstrates that treating BL with locally tailored protocols is very cost‐effective by international standards. Studies of this kind will furnish crucial evidence to help policymakers prioritize the allocation of LMIC health system resources among noncommunicable diseases, including childhood cancer.
Patient recommendations for reducing long‐lasting economic burden after breast cancer
Authors: Dean Lorraine T. , Moss Shadiya L. , Rollinson Sarah I. , Frasso Jaramillo Livia , Paxton Raheem J. , Owczarzak Jill T. 
Published: March 2019

BackgroundIn the United States, patients who have breast cancer experience significant economic burden compared with those who have other types of cancers. Cancer‐related economic burden is exacerbated by adverse treatment effects. Strategies to resolve the economic burden caused by breast cancer and its adverse treatment effects have stemmed from the perspectives of health care providers, oncology navigators, and other subject‐matter experts. For the current study, patient‐driven recommendations were elicited to reduce economic burden after 1) breast cancer and 2) breast cancer‐related lymphedema, which is a common, persistent adverse effect of breast cancer.MethodsQualitative interviews were conducted with 40 long‐term breast cancer survivors who were residents of Pennsylvania or New Jersey in 2015 and were enrolled in a 6‐month observational study. Purposive sampling ensured equal representation by age, socioeconomic position, and lymphedema diagnosis. Semistructured interviews addressed economic challenges, supports used, and patient recommendations for reducing financial challenges. Interviews were coded, and representative quotes from the patient recommendations were analyzed and reported to illustrate key findings.ResultsOf 40 interviewees (mean age, 64 years; mean time since diagnosis, 12 years), 27 offered recommendations to reduce the economic burden caused by cancer and its adverse treatment effects. Nine recommendations emerged across 4 major themes: expanding affordable insurance and insurance‐covered items, especially for lymphedema treatment (among the 60% who reported lymphedema); supportive domestic help; financial assistance from diagnosis through treatment; and employment‐preserving policies.ConclusionsThe current study yielded 9 actionable, patient‐driven recommendations—changes to insurance, supportive services, financial assistance, and protective policies—to reduce breast cancer‐related economic burden. These recommendations should be tested through policy and programmatic interventions.
Targeting Burkitt lymphoma with a tumor cell–specific heptamethine carbocyanine‐cisplatin conjugate
Authors: Mrdenovic Stefan , Zhang Yi , Wang Ruoxiang , Yin Lijuan , Chu Gina Chia‐Yi , Yin Liyuan , Lewis Michael , Heffer Marija , Zhau Haiyen E. , Chung Leland W. K. 
Published: March 2019

BackgroundBurkitt lymphoma is a fast‐growing mature B cell malignancy, whose genetic hallmark is translocation and activation of the c‐myc gene. Prompt multiagent immunochemotherapy regimens can have favorable outcomes, but prognosis is poor in refractory or relapsed disease. We previously identified a novel family of near‐infrared heptamethine carbocyanine fluorescent dyes (HMCD or DZ) with tumor‐homing properties via organic anion‐transporting peptides. These membrane carriers have uptake in tumor cells but not normal cells in cell culture, mouse and dog tumor models, patient‐derived xenografts, and perfused kidney cancers in human patients.MethodsHere we report the cytotoxic effects of a synthesized conjugate of DZ with cisplatin (CIS) on B cell lymphoma CA46, Daudi, Namalwa, Raji, and Ramos cell lines in cell culture and in xenograft tumor formation. Impaired mitochondrial membrane permeability was examined as the mechanism of DZ‐CIS–induced lymphoma cell death.ResultsThe new conjugate, DZ‐CIS, is cytotoxic against Burkitt lymphoma cell lines and tumor models. DZ‐CIS retains tumor‐homing properties to mitochondrial and lysosomal compartments, does not accumulate in normal cells and tissues, and has no nephrotoxicity in mice. DZ‐CIS accumulated in Burkitt lymphoma cells and tumors induces apoptosis and retards tumor cell growth in culture and xenograft tumor growth in mice.ConclusionDZ‐CIS downregulated c‐myc and overcame CIS resistance in myc‐driven TP53‐mutated aggressive B cell Burkitt lymphoma. We propose that DZ‐CIS could be used to treat relapsed/refractory aggressive Burkitt lymphomas.
Treatment delays for muscle‐invasive bladder cancer
Authors: Masic Selma , Smaldone Marc C. 
Published: March 2019

Growing evidence supports the importance of timely care for muscle‐invasive bladder cancer, with multiple studies demonstrating that delays longer than 3 months are associated with worse outcomes. Causes for treatment delays are multifactorial and may be compounded by increasing regionalization; contemporary efforts to minimize delays must address cross‐team communication, care transitions, patient empowerment, socioeconomic differences, and access disparities.
Cationic Porphyrin‐Graphene Oxide Hybrid: Donor‐Acceptor Composite for Efficient Photoinduced Electron Transfer
Authors: Larowska Daria , Wojcik Aleksandra , Mazurkiewicz‐Pawlicka Marta , Malolepszy Artur , Stobiński Leszek , Marciniak Bronislaw , Lewandowska‐Andralojc Anna 
Published: March 2019

AbstractNon‐covalent nanohybrids composed of cationic 5,10,15,20‐tetra(4‐trimethylammoniophenyl)porphyrin tetra(p‐toluenesulfonate) (TMAP) and the graphene oxide sheets were prepared under two pH values (6.2 vs. 1.8). The TMAP molecule was positively charged, regardless of the pH value during preparation. However, protonation of the imino nitrogens increased the overall charge of the porphyrin molecule from +4 to +6 (TMAP4+ and TMAP6+). It was found that at acidic pH, interaction of TMAP6+ with GO was largely suppressed. On the other hand, results of FTIR, Raman spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, atomic force microscopy (AFM) and elemental analysis confirmed effective non‐covalent functionalization of graphene oxide with cationic porphyrin at pH 6.2. The TMAP4+‐GO hybrids exhibited well defined structure with a monolayer of TMAP4+ on the GO sheets as confirmed by AFM. Formation of the ground‐state TMAP4+‐GO complex in solution was monitored by the red‐shift of the porphyrin Soret absorption band. This ground‐state interaction between TMAP4+ and GO is responsible for the static quenching of the porphyrin emission. Fluorescence was not detected for the nanohybrid which indicated that a very fast deactivation process had to take place. Ultrafast time‐resolved transient absorption spectroscopy clearly demonstrated the occurrence of electron transfer from the photoexcited TMAP4+ singlet state to GO sheets, as proven by the formation of a porphyrin radical cation.
Imaging Flow Cytometry to Assess Antigen‐Presenting‐Cell Function
Authors: Markey Kate A. , Gartlan Kate H. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThis unit describes methods for quantifying phagocytosis and imaging the immunological synapse between T cells and antigen‐presenting cells (APCs), with both techniques delivering valuable information about APC function. These aspects of APC biology have traditionally been challenging to quantify, and imaging flow cytometry, which harnesses the high‐throughput nature of flow cytometry combined with the capacity of microscopy to deliver spatial localization, facilitates analysis of these APC functions in a fashion that was previously not possible. Imaging flow cytometry allows large numbers of events to be captured and large amounts of fluorescence data to be quantified at the physical location of markers of interest, both on the cell surface and in intracellular compartments, combining key features of traditional flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy. © 2019 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.