bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Five‐year cohort prospective study on single implants in the esthetic area restored using one‐abutment/one‐time prosthetic approach
Authors: Canullo Luigi , Omori Yuki , Amari Yoshiyuki , Iannello Giuliano , Pesce Paolo 
Published: July 2018

AbstractPurposeThis study was aimed to investigate, over 5 years, bone response to “one‐abutment onetime” (OA‐OT) protocol in the restoration of implants inserted in the anterior maxilla. Additionally, influence of soft tissue biotype in the bone remodeling was investigated.Materials and MethodsFrom January 2011 to January 2012, all consecutive patients presented with a hopeless tooth in the maxillary area between canines were enrolled. Post‐extraction ridge preservation was performed. After 6 months, implant was midcrestaly inserted and intraoperative impression was taken. Two months thereafter an immediate definitive abutment with a provisional crown was inserted. At final crown connection, patients underwent a standardized periapical radiograph (T0). At 12 (T1), 24 (T2), 36 (T3), 48 (T4), and 60 (T5) months, radiographic follow‐up and clinical control were carried out. Independent sample t‐test was conducted to compare bone loss at different times. To detect the potential role of biotype, groups (thick TK vs thin TH) were compared by analysis of variance with general linear model.ResultsTwenty‐five patients were enrolled, but only 22 patients concluded the study. The radiographic analysis showed a stable longitudinal condition of bone levels after the first‐year significant increasing (0.17 ± 0.25mm, 0.33 ± 0.25mm, 0.28 ± 0.27mm, 0.25 ± 0.26mm, 0.31 ± 0.35mm, and 0.31 ± 0.29mm, respectively at T1, T2, T3, T4, and T5). No statistical significant differences in bone loss among the two groups TH vs TK over the time (P = 0.952) were demonstrated.ConclusionResults showed that the OA‐OT approach allow to obtain stable bone levels.
Exhibit Designs for Girls' Engagement (EDGE)
Authors: Dancstep (née Dancu) Toni , Sindorf Lisa 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThis paper describes an NSF‐funded study which explored the relationship between female‐responsive exhibit designs and girls' engagement. Across three participating science centers, 906 museum visitors ages 8–13 were observed at 334 interactive physics, math, engineering, and perception exhibits. We measured girls' engagement based on whether they chose to use or return to the exhibits, opted to spend more time at them, or demonstrated deeper engagement behavior. Findings suggest that the design strategies identified in our previously developed Female‐Responsive Design Framework can inform exhibit designs that better engage girls. However, the specific design attributes that address the broader strategies are not all equal: we identified a subset of nine exhibit design attributes that were consistently strongly related to girls' engagement. Further, none of those nine design attributes were harmful to boys' engagement. In practice, we hope educators will help address gender disparities in museums by considering female‐responsive design when creating STEM exhibits: broadening their design approaches and choosing among the nine EDGE Design Attributes based on their appropriateness for a particular exhibit experience or set of exhibits.
Speak their Language: Designing Effective Messages to Improve Employees’ Information Security Decision Making
Authors: Johnston Allen C. , Warkentin Merrill , Dennis Alan R. , Siponen Mikko 
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACTEmployee disinterest in information security remains one of the greatest impediments to effective information security management programs. How can organizations enhance the persuasiveness of the information security messages used to warn employees of threats and encourage employees to take specific actions to improve their security? We use fear appeal theory and the elaboration likelihood model to argue that security messages presented using more personally relevant language are more likely to induce employees to engage in the recommended protective security behaviors. Our strategy uses organization identification theory to segment employees into two groups and then develops security messages that use language aligned with each of the two segments. We tested this strategy within a large U.S. organization, and found that employees were more likely to consider and act upon messages that used language aligned with their organizational identification than messages using language not aligned. The effect size was large. Our results show that subtly changing less than a dozen words in the way a security message was presented without changing its substantive content (e.g., using “our” instead of “your”) has both significant and meaningful effects on how employees think about and respond to it.
Cross‐Validated Prediction of Academic Performance of First‐Year University Students: Identifying Risk Factors in a Nonselective Environment
Authors: Meijer Eline , Cleiren Marc P. H. D. , Dusseldorp Elise , Buurman Vincent J. C. , Hogervorst Roel M. , Heiser Willem J. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractEarly prediction of academic performance is important for student support. The authors explored, in a multivariate approach, whether pre‐entry data (e.g., high school study results, preparative activities, expectations, capabilities, motivation, and attitude) could predict university students’ first‐year academic performance. Preregistered applicants for a bachelor's program filled out an intake questionnaire before study entry. Outcome data (first‐year grade point average, course credits, and attrition) were obtained 1 year later. Prediction accuracy was assessed by cross‐validation. Students who performed better in preparatory education, followed a conventional educational path before entering, and expected to spend more time on a program‐related organization performed better during their first year at university. Concrete preuniversity behaviors were more predictive than psychological attributions such as self‐efficacy. Students with a “love of learning” performed better than leisure‐oriented students. The intake questionnaire may be used for identifying up front who may need additional support, but is not suitable for student selection.
Plasma cell depletion with bortezomib in the treatment of refractory N‐methyl‐d‐aspartate (NMDA) receptor antibody encephalitis. Rational developments in neuroimmunological treatment
Authors: Keddie S. , Crisp S. J. , Blackaby J. , Cox A. , Coles A. , Hart M. , Church A. J. , Vincent A. , Zandi M. , Lunn M. P. 
Published: July 2018

Background and purposeThe aim was to assess the therapeutic potential of bortezomib in the treatment of refractory N‐methyl‐d‐aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antibody encephalitis and its potential in other immune‐mediated, B‐cell‐driven neurological diseases.MethodsTwo cases of severe NMDAR antibody encephalitis, resistant to first and second line therapy with steroids, intravenous immunoglobulins, plasma exchange, cyclophosphamide and rituximab, were treated with four and five cycles of 1.3 mg/m2 bortezomib at 350 and 330 days following initial presentation.ResultsBoth patients showed significant clinical improvement with reductions of NMDAR antibody titres following bortezomib treatment. This is the first case in the literature where the NMDAR antibody level was undetectable following treatment with bortezomib.ConclusionBortezomib's unique ability to target long‐lived autoreactive plasma cells appears to be a useful adjunct to standard second line immunosuppressive therapy in treatment‐refractory NMDAR antibody encephalitis. The drug's pharmacodynamics, cell targeting and mechanism of action are reviewed, and it is postulated that bortezomib may be useful in a host of B‐cell‐driven neuroimmunological diseases.
Population genomics through time provides insights into the consequences of decline and rapid demographic recovery through head‐starting in a Galapagos giant tortoise
Authors: Jensen Evelyn L. , Edwards Danielle L. , Garrick Ryan C. , Miller Joshua M. , Gibbs James P. , Cayot Linda J. , Tapia Washington , Caccone Adalgisa , Russello Michael A. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractPopulation genetic theory related to the consequences of rapid population decline is well‐developed, but there are very few empirical studies where sampling was conducted before and after a known bottleneck event. Such knowledge is of particular importance for species restoration, given links between genetic diversity and the probability of long‐term persistence. To directly evaluate the relationship between current genetic diversity and past demographic events, we collected genome‐wide single nucleotide polymorphism data from prebottleneck historical (c.1906) and postbottleneck contemporary (c.2014) samples of Pinzón giant tortoises (Chelonoidis duncanensis; n = 25 and 149 individuals, respectively) endemic to a single island in the Galapagos. Pinzón giant tortoises had a historically large population size that was reduced to just 150–200 individuals in the mid 20th century. Since then, Pinzón's tortoise population has recovered through an ex situ head‐start programme in which eggs or pre‐emergent individuals were collected from natural nests on the island, reared ex situ in captivity until they were 4–5 years old and subsequently repatriated. We found that the extent and distribution of genetic variation in the historical and contemporary samples were very similar, with the latter group not exhibiting the characteristic genetic patterns of recent population decline. No population structure was detected either spatially or temporally. We estimated an effective population size (Ne) of 58 (95% CI = 50–69) for the postbottleneck population; no prebottleneck Ne point estimate was attainable (95% CI = 39–infinity) likely due to the sample size being lower than the true Ne. Overall, the historical sample provided a valuable benchmark for evaluating the head‐start captive breeding programme, revealing high retention of genetic variation and no skew in representation despite the documented bottleneck event. Moreover, this work demonstrates the effectiveness of head‐starting in rescuing the Pinzón giant tortoise from almost certain extinction.
Qualitative Change in Migraine Prevention?
Authors: Cady Roger , Lipton Richard B. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractA new generation of drugs that target calcitonin gene‐related peptide (CGRP) pathways offers a unique opportunity to explore the relationship between responder rates (RRs) and improvement in patient outcomes. The authors hypothesize a “tipping point” exists for patients with a ≥75% migraine response. They propose higher RRs reported in trials with CGRP inhibitory antibodies deliver not only a quantitative change in monthly headache days, but also a qualitative change in function, for a clinically meaningful subpopulation of patients.
Effect of heat treatment on the creep behavior of α/β SiAlON sintered with multication oxide sintering additives
Authors: Turan Dilek , Uludag Alper , Turan Servet 
Published: July 2018

AbstractSiAlONs are important materials for high‐temperature applications and creep properties of SiAlONs are largely controlled by the amount and type of sintering additives. It has been established that heat treatment can reduce the amount of amorphous intergranular phase through crystallization. However, there is no study on the creep behavior of heat‐treated SiAlON ceramics containing multication sintering additives. Therefore, the aim of the study was to investigate the effect of heat treatment on the creep properties of multication containing (Y‐Sm‐Ca oxides) α/β‐SiAlON ceramics. The heat treatments of the sintered samples were carried out at 1600°C for 2 hours. The creep tests were carried out in the range 1300‐1400°C under different loads (50‐150 MPa). The existing phases and the microstructures of samples before and after creep were investigated using XRD and SEM techniques. It was found that heat treatment resulted in a better creep performance compared to as‐sintered samples. The activation energy and stress exponent for heat‐treated SiAlONs were also calculated as 708 ± 45 kJ/mol and 1.4, respectively. Compared to the sintered sample values, the results suggested that the acting creep mechanism of grain‐boundary sliding and cavitation was reduced with the heat treatment.
Physicochemical properties and antidiabetic effects of a polysaccharide obtained from Polygonatum odoratum
Authors: Jiang Huiyan , Xu Yao , Sun Congyong , Adu‐Frimpong Michael , Yu Jiangnan , Deng Wenwen , Xu Ximing 
Published: July 2018

SummaryIn this study, we isolated a novel polysaccharide (YZ‐2) (molecular weight: 5345.3 Da) from Polygonatum odoratum (Mill.) Druce and investigated its physicochemical properties and antidiabetic effects in the type 2 diabetic mellitus (T2DM) mice induced by a low dose of streptozotocin coupled with a high‐fat diet. The results showed that YZ‐2 had no triple‐helix conformation and was mainly composed of α‐mannopyranose, α‐glucopyranose and α‐galactopyranose residues. Moreover, YZ‐2 could significantly decrease the fasting blood glucose (Glc) level (P < 0.01), the serum TC, TG and LDL‐c concentrations (P < 0.05), as well as the fasting insulin level and improve the Glc tolerance capacity in the T2DM mice. Additionally, YZ‐2 could protect livers and pancreas by remarkably increasing SOD and CAT activities and GSH content (P < 0.05) in the liver of T2DM mice. Collectively, these results suggested that YZ‐2 could be a promising functional food supplement for T2DM treatment.
Perspectives of lupine wholemeal protein and protein isolates biodegradation
Authors: Bartkiene Elena , Sakiene Vytaute , Lele Vita , Bartkevics Vadims , Rusko Janis , Wiacek Claudia , Ruzauskas Modestas , Braun Peggy G. , Matusevicius Paulius , Zdunczyk Zenon , Zdunczyk Przemysław , Juskiewicz Jerzy 
Published: July 2018

SummaryLupine (Lupinus angustifolius L.) protein (in wholemeal and protein isolates) was biodegraded using Pediococcus acidilactici in submerged and solid‐state fermentation conditions. The changes in the molecular weight of lupine protein fractions, amino acid (AA) profile, biogenic amine formation, antimicrobial and antioxidant properties, and protein digestibility in vitro and in vivo (in Wistar rats) were evaluated. After biotreatment, lower molecular weight peptides (from 10 to 20 kDa) were established, and the free AA content increased. Biodegradation improved the antioxidant properties, modulated the antimicrobial properties, and led to higher in vitro and in vivo digestibility and functionality of the lupine in treated rats (significant increase in body weight of Wistar rats, and increased acetic acid concentration and lowered Escherichia coli count in the caecum). Overall, the biodegradation of lupine protein can transform the plant protein, producing enhanced functionality and bioavailable products.
Working conditions in the export industry of northern Morocco: Legal framework and situation on the ground
Authors: TRINIDAD REQUENA Antonio , SORIANO MIRAS Rosa M. , BARROS RODRÍGUEZ Francisco 
Published: July 2018

AbstractCompanies in northern Morocco that export manufactured goods and services run on a production system characterized by high pressure, flexible use of labour, strict supervision and the challenging of certain labour rights. This article studies the conditions of work at these enterprises on the basis of the theoretical model of the “localized global economy”, drawing distinctions based on types of enterprise, industry and occupational categories. The results show how changes to the labour law in 2004, which adopted the standards contained in international conventions, have given more power to multinational enterprises.
Spray‐combustion synthesis of indium tin oxide nanopowder
Authors: Chen Zhiyang , Zhu Yuan , Duan Qiyao , Chen Anqi , Tang Zikang 
Published: July 2018

AbstractNanocrystalline indium tin oxide (ITO) powders were prepared by a novel spray combustion method. Using single‐drop study equipment, we studied the thermodynamics of the combustion reaction. The reaction can be ignited at air temperature as lower as 171.3°C when using urea and glucose as composite fuel. Once the reaction is ignited, the combustion temperature can surge to above 500°C, generating nanocrystalline ITO powders with grain size about 40 nm. Footages from high‐speed camera demonstrated that the reaction is in three‐step: moderate beginning, violent middle, and decaying end. It is also noticed that the ignition is very sensitive to the air temperature, even 0.2°C minus deviation may fail the combustion. The combustion reaction is self‐sustainable, which saves the energy supply. And the low ignition temperature means the combustion reaction can be carried out in a conventional spray dryer. Our results provide a feasible way to mass production of nanocrystalline ITO powders, which as a methodology, may be extended to the production of other oxide nanopowders.
Low‐temperature synthesis of ultrafine TiB2 nanopowders by molten‐salt assisted borothermal reduction
Authors: Liu Da , Chu Yanhui , Jing Siyi , Ye Beilin , Zhou Xiya 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe synthesis of TiB2 nanopowders arouses considerable interests due to its importance for implementing the extensive applications of TiB2 ceramic. Herein, the high‐purity ultrafine TiB2 nanopowders were successfully synthesized via a molten salt assisted borothermal reduction technique at a relatively low temperature of 1173 K using TiO2 and B powders as precursors within a KCl/NaCl salt. The results showed that the as‐obtained TiB2 nanopowders possessed a polycrystallinity structure, and their specific surface area and equivalent average particle size were 33.18 m2/g and 40 nm, respectively. This study provides a new low temperature synthesis technique of TiB2 nanopowders.
Novel g‐C3N4 nanosheets/CDs/BiOCl photocatalysts with exceptional activity under visible light
Authors: Asadzadeh‐Khaneghah Soheila , Habibi‐Yangjeh Aziz , Yubuta Kunio 
Published: July 2018

AbstractWe fabricated novel ternary nanocomposites through integration of C‐dots (carbon dots), BiOCl, and nanosheets of graphitic carbon nitride (g‐C3N4 nanosheets) by a cost‐effective route. The fabricated photocatalysts were subsequently characterized by XRD, EDX, TEM, HRTEM, XPS, FT‐IR, UV‐vis DRS, TGA, BET, and PL methods to gain their structure, purity, morphology, optical, textural, and thermal properties. In addition, the degradation intermediates were identified by gas chromatography‐mass spectroscopy (GC‐MS). Photocatalytic performance of the synthesized samples was studied by photodegradations of three cationic (RhB, MB, and fuchsine), one anionic (MO) dyes, one colorless (phenol) pollutant and removal of an inorganic pollutant (Cr(VI)) under visible light. It was revealed that the ternary nanocomposite with loading 20% of BiOCl illustrated superlative performances in the selected photocatalytic reactions compared with the corresponding bare and binary photocatalysts. Visible‐light photocatalytic activity of the g‐C3N4 nanosheets/CDs/BiOCl (20%) nanocomposite was 42.6, 27.8, 24.8, 20.2, and 15.9 times higher than the pure g‐C3N4 for removal of RhB, MB, MO, fuchsine, and phenol, respectively. Likewise, the ternary photocatalyst showed enhanced activity of 15.3 times relative to the g‐C3N4 in photoreduction of Cr(VI). Moreover, the ternary nanocomposite exhibited excellent chemical stability and recyclability after five cycles. Finally, the mechanism for improved photocatalytic performance was discussed based on the band potential positions.
Sample‐Controlled analysis under high pressure for accelerated process studies
Authors: Perejón Antonio , Sánchez‐Jiménez Pedro E. , Soria‐Hoyo Carlos , Valverde José Manuel , Criado José Manuel , Pérez‐Maqueda Luis A. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe potential of controlled rate thermal analysis (CRTA) for studying high‐pressure gas‐solid processes has been evaluated. CRTA is a type of smart temperature program based on a feedback system that uses any experimental signal related to the process evolution for commanding the temperature evolution. In this work, an instrument that uses the gravimetric signal for CRTA control has been designed and used for the study of two high‐pressure gas‐solid reactions: the highly exothermic thermal oxidation of TiC under high pressure of oxygen and the reduction in Fe2O3 under high pressure of hydrogen. Advantages of CRTA for discriminating overlapping processes and appraising kinetic reaction mechanisms are shown.
Executive function but not episodic memory decline associated with visual hallucinations in Parkinson's disease
Authors: Creese Byron , Albertyn Christopher P. , Dworkin Sasha , Thomas Rebecca S. , Wan Yi Min , Ballard Clive 
Published: July 2018

IntroductionVisual hallucinations (VH) have a significant impact on quality of life for people with Parkinson's disease (PD). A major reason for this is the well‐established link with cognitive impairment, but there is still a need for more longitudinal studies examining the specific cognitive domains which may be affected. The aim of this study was to profile decline in cognition associated with VH in a cohort of 69 individuals with PD over 1 year.MethodVisual hallucinations assessments were carried out every 3 months. Executive function and episodic memory were assessed at baseline and 1 year. All evaluations were performed via phone interviews. The presence or absence of VH was categorized based on the entirety of the year's data (i.e., no episodes and >0 episodes). We also defined a persistent VH group who had VH present at more than one time point and compared these with a no‐VH group and a group with transient VH (i.e., only one episode).ResultsLinear mixed‐effect models showed that VH were associated with more rapid overall cognitive decline (−0.26, t = −2.39, p = .02), which was driven by executive function (−0.28, t = −2.48, p = .02). Persistent VH were associated with decline in executive function (−0.33, t = −2.4, p = .02), while no relationship was found for non‐persistent VH, suggesting that persistent VH be the major driver of this relationship.ConclusionThis finding brings greater clarity to the relationship between cognitive decline and VH in PD. Future research should examine the robustness of this phenotype for biomarkers studies and treatment interventions.
A note on the influence of saving behaviors on economic growth
Authors: Grassetti F. , Hunanyan G. , Mammana C. , Michetti E. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe Kaldor model describes the dynamics of economic growth over time. Many works showed that a large variety of qualitative dynamics can be produced depending on the economic assumptions. This work provides conditions to mark boundaries during boom and bust cycles, investigating how saving behaviors of workers and shareholders and elasticity of substitution between capital and labor influence the growth dynamics of non‐developed, developing and developed countries considering general and specific technologies of production. The results obtained can be used by policy‐makers to increase the lower level an economy can reach during boom and bust periods and reduce fluctuations.