bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quality of life in children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia
Authors: Jankowska‐Polańska Beata , Sliwiński Maciej , Świątoniowska Natalia , Butrym Aleksandra , Mazur Grzegorz 
Published: July 2019

IntroductionAcute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) is one of the most common neoplasms in children, that is. 3,000 new cases are diagnosed in the USA each year. The assessment of the quality of life (QoL) by the patient is the important indicator of the effects of treatment by the means of physical, psychical and social functioning.AimThe aim of the study was to evaluate the QoL of children treated for ALL and the stress levels of their parents. Additionally, the impact of the most common symptoms on perceived QoL was analysed.Material and methodsSeventy‐four patients with ALL (mean age 9.03) were enrolled in the study. The questionnaire of Paediatric Quality of Life (PedsQL) and the medical records as the source of the socio‐clinical data were applied in this study.ResultsIn QoL assessment, the social functioning reached the highest score (67.57 ± 21.33), and physical functioning – the lowest score (51.1 ± 25.59). The analysis of the symptoms showed that the most intensive were stress (7.19 ± 2.71), fatigue and weakness (5.19 ± 2.76). In Spearman's rank correlation analysis the depressed mood, fatigue and weakness were significant negative predictors influencing QoL in all the domains of PedsQoL. In the linear regression analysis only the depressed mood was the significant independent determinant of the decreased QoL in the majority of the domains of PedsQoL, respectively: the general QoL (β = −0.314; p = 0.002); psychosocial functioning (β = −3.44; p < 0.01); role functioning (β = −3.18; p = 0.004); social functioning (β = −3.5; p = 0.007) and emotional functioning (β = −3.012; p = 0.002).ConclusionsQuality of life of children with ALL is decreased and of the lowest value in the range of physical health. The factors negatively influencing the QoL are depressed mood, fatigue and weakness. The significant independent determinant of the decreased QoL is children's depressed mood.
Perinatal women's satisfaction with nurses caring behaviours in teaching hospitals in China
Authors: Othman Fouzia , Liu Yilan , Zhang Xiaoqing , Wang Peihong , Deng Liuliu , Cheng Xiangwei 
Published: July 2019

BackgroundAdequate caring behaviours provided by nurses can increase patients’ satisfaction of care. Yet few researchers have examined women's satisfaction in nurses’ caring behaviours in China and then published the study in English.AimThe aim of this study was to identify the level of women's satisfaction with nurses’ caring behaviours during the antenatal, childbirth and postnatal periods.MethodsA descriptive, cross‐sectional study was performed using a sample of 422 postpartum women of two teaching hospitals in Wuhan, China. A structured questionnaire on socio‐demographic information was completed, and a satisfaction scale of 60 items concerning nurses’ caring behaviours was measured.ResultsThe findings showed that participants reported a good satisfaction score for nurses’ caring behaviours during all three periods. Behaviours on the ʻMonitorʼ subscale obtained the highest score (a mean score of 4.46 for the antenatal period, 4.64 for the childbirth period and 4.31 for the postnatal period). The subscale with the second highest score was ʻHuman respectʼ (4.53, 4.27 and 4.56, respectively), while the subscale with the lowest score was ʻTrustʼ (3.78 and 3.98). The statistical significances of the demographics of the women were shown concerning their perceived satisfaction of five subscales of caring behaviours.ConclusionThe study revealed no statistically significant differences in the perceived satisfaction in nurses’ caring behaviours between the antenatal, childbirth and postnatal periods. However, nursing administration development projects that focus on caring are still needed. Additionally, more studies that reflect Watson's theory of human caring on the maternity population should be conducted with a larger sample size.
Early Jurassic palaeoenvironments in the Surat Basin, Australia – marine incursion into eastern Gondwana
Authors: La Croix Andrew D. , He Jianhua , Bianchi Valeria , Wang Jiahao , Gonzalez Sebastian , Undershultz Jim R. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractInterpretations of palaeodepositional environments are important for reconstructing Earth history. Only a few maps showing the Jurassic depositional environments in eastern Australia currently exist. Consequently, a detailed understanding of the setting of Australia in Gondwana is lacking. Core, wireline logs, two‐dimensional and three‐dimensional seismic from the Precipice Sandstone and Evergreen Formation in the Surat Basin have been used to construct maps showing the evolution of depositional environments through the Early Jurassic. The results indicate the succession consists of three third‐order sequences (Sequence 1 to Sequence 3) that were controlled by eustatic sea level. The lowstand systems tract in Sequence 1 comprises braidplain deposits, confined to a fairway that parallels the basin centre. The strata were initially deposited in two sub‐basins, with rivers flowing in different orientations in each sub‐basin. The transgressive systems tract of Sequence 1 to lowstand systems tract of Sequence 3 is dominated by fluvio–deltaic systems infilling a single merged basin centre. Finally, the transgressive and highstand systems tracts of Sequence 3 show nearshore environments depositing sediment into a shallow marine basin. In the youngest part of this interval, ironstone shoals are the most conspicuous facies, the thickness and number of which increase towards the north and east. This study interprets a corridor to the open ocean through the Clarence–Moreton Basin, or the Carpentaria and Papuan basins, evidence of which has been eroded. These results challenge a commonly held view that eastern Australia was not influenced by eustasy, and propose a more dynamic palaeogeographic setting comprising a mixture of fluvial, deltaic and shallow marine sedimentary environments. This work can be used to unravel the stratigraphic relationships between Mesozoic eastern Australian basins, or in other basins globally as an analogue for understanding the complex interplay of paralic depositional systems in data poor areas.
Postoperative regurgitation in dogs after upper airway surgery to treat brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome: 258 cases (2013‐2017)
Authors: Fenner Joy V. H. , Quinn Robert J. , Demetriou Jackie L. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the incidence of and risk factors for regurgitation in dogs within 24 hours of surgical management of brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome (BOAS).Study designRetrospective single center study of dogs undergoing BOAS surgery over four years (2013‐2017).AnimalsTwo hundred fifty‐eight client‐owned dogs referred for surgical intervention for BOAS.MethodsElectronic medical records were searched for dogs that had undergone surgery for BOAS at a UK specialist referral hospital. Data were assessed by using univariable binomial logistic regression; confounding factors were then identified in a multivariable model.ResultsThere was an increase in the proportion of dogs that regurgitated while hospitalized preoperatively vs during the first 24 hours postoperatively, from 28 (10.9%) to 89 (34.5%), respectively (P < .0001). History of regurgitation (P = .017, odds ratio [OR] 2.539, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.178‐5.469) and age (P = .008, OR 0.712, 95% CI 0.553‐0.916) were detected as risk factors for postoperative regurgitation. For every 1‐year increase in age, the odds of experiencing postoperative regurgitation were reduced by 28.8%.ConclusionCorrective surgery for BOAS was associated with a marked incidence of postoperative regurgitation. Younger dogs and those with a history of regurgitation were predisposed to postoperative regurgitation.Clinical significanceThe increased frequency of regurgitation after surgical treatment of BOAS, especially in younger dogs, provides justification for counseling owners regarding this postoperative complication.
Socioeconomic burden of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome in endemic areas of Anhui Province, eastern China
Authors: Gong Lei , Wang Jinsheng , Zhang Yong , Zhang Lei , Lyu Yong , Ma Wanwan , Gao Weilin , Chen Weiguo , Zhou Yu , Wu Jiabing , Su Bin 
Published: July 2019

AbstractUnderstanding the socioeconomic burden of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is important for making decisions on health resources allocation. This study aimed to assess the economic burden of patients with this syndrome in endemic areas of the Anhui Province in 2018. A total of 114 patients were recruited, and the median age was 63.5 years, 62 (54.4%) were female, 97 (85.1%) were farmers, 108 (94.7%) were survival patients, and 71 (62.3%) had a family monthly income less than $453.3. The median times of hospital visits and hospitalizations of patients were three times, and the median lost work days of these patients, caregivers and visitors were 14.5 days, 14.5 days and 7.5 days, respectively. The median direct costs of the patient were $3,761.6, and the median indirect costs were $508.3. Taking direct and indirect costs into consideration, the median total economic costs of patients were $4,323.9, and the total annual cost of 2018 was $1,396,913.6. Although 113 (99.1%) patients had medical insurance, only 25.8% of costs were covered by reimbursement, and the total cost paid for by the patients and their families was $1,041,073.6 in 2018. Our findings revealed that the patients and their families had a significant economic burden, and preventive measures should be strengthened in endemic areas. The findings also provided baseline data for assessing the cost‐effectiveness of the vaccines or anti‐viral drugs in the near future in China.
Compliance With Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior Guidelines and Associations With Abdominal Adiposity in a Sample of Infants and Toddlers From Soweto, South Africa
Authors: Prioreschi Alessandra , Micklesfield Lisa K. 
Published: July 2019

Background: This study reported compliance with 24-hour physical activity and sedentary behavior guidelines, and associations with adiposity in the first 2 years of life.Methods: Participants (N = 119) were recruited from Soweto, South Africa. Visceral and subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue was measured by ultrasound. Participation in 2 movement behaviors (physical activity and sedentary time) was reported by mothers. Differences in adiposity between those meeting each individual guideline, as well as the combination of both movement guidelines, compared with those not meeting the guidelines were assessed.Results: Only 5% of infants met the sedentary guidelines; however, 58% met the physical activity guidelines. Subcutaneous adipose tissue was significantly higher in those meeting the physical activity guideline (0.50 [0.01] vs 0.47 [0.01] cm,P = .03) compared with those not meeting the guideline. Meeting the screen time component of the sedentary guideline was associated with higher visceral adipose tissue (β = 0.96,P < .01), while meeting one guideline compared with meeting none was associated with higher subcutaneous adipose tissue (β = 0.05,P = .01).Conclusions: Most infants and toddlers from this low- to middle-income setting were not meeting sedentary behavior guidelines. Both behaviors were associated with abdominal adiposity, but not with body mass indexzscore; implying these movement behaviors may impact abdominal fat deposition rather than body size.
Effects of Progressive Resistance Training on Obesity Indices in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and the Relationship With Telomere Length
Authors: Kogure Gislaine S. , Miranda-Furtado Cristiana L. , Pedroso Daiana C.C. , Ribeiro Victor B. , Eiras Matheus C. , Silva Rafael C. , Caetano Lisandra C. , Ferriani Rui A. , Calado Rodrigo T. , dos Reis Rosana M. 
Published: July 2019

Background: Physical activity is prescribed as a component of primary management for polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). This nonrandomized, therapeutic, open, single-arm study investigated the effects of progressive resistance training (PRT) on obesity indices in women with PCOS, and the relationship between obesity indices and telomere content. Methods: A total of 45 women with PCOS and 52 with non-PCOS (controls), aged 18 to 37 years, with body mass indexes of 18 to 39.9 kg/m2, performed three 1-hour sessions of PRT per week, for 16 weeks. Before and after PRT, measures included anthropometric indices and regions of interest of fat mass distribution, quantified by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, metabolic and hormonal parameters, and telomere content. The general linear mixed models were used to determine the effects of PRT. Results: PRT did reduce the waist-to-height ratio, waist circumference, and the index of conicity among PCOS (P < .01). However, PRT did not influence regions of interest, body mass index, and WHR. After PRT, the telomere content was associated with regions of interest and anthropometric indices in whole group independent of PCOS (P < .05). Conclusion: Resistance exercise improves obesity indices in PCOS, independent of changes in body weight, and the relationship between telomeres and obesity parameters in PCOS remain to be fully clarified.
Validation of Sedentary Behavior Record Instrument as a Measure of Contextual Information of Sedentary Behavior
Authors: Kim Heontae , Kang Minsoo 
Published: July 2019

Background: To establish evidence for the validity of the Sedentary Behavior Record (SBR) instrument using a criterion measure through a proxy of direct observation.Methods: A total of 27 study participants (aged ≥18 y; 15 male) participated in this study. Throughout a 4-day measurement period, each participant recorded their sedentary behavior using the SBR in 10-minute blocks every night. During the measurement period, participants also wore wearable Autographer cameras as a proxy for direct observation. Autographer data were aggregated into 10-minute intervals. To establish evidence of validity, contingency (C) and Kappa (K) coefficients were calculated between the SBR and the Autographer data. ForCandK, agreements were determined between 2 measures every cell. The coefficientCwas compared across domains, types, and time of day, andKwas compared across types of day and times of day.Results: Overall, the coefficientsCandKwere acceptable (C = .70) and substantial (K = .64), respectively. Among all domains, the highestCwas reported for work-related sitting (C = .87). Values ofCranged from .49 to .91 among all activities; the highest accuracy was for work-related, screen-based sitting.Conclusions: This study suggests that the SBR is an acceptable self-report measure of sedentary behavior in adults.
“Men are Better Than Women!” The Positive Effect of a Negative Stereotype Toward Women on a Self-Paced Cycling Exercise
Authors: Deshayes Maxime , Clément-Guillotin Corentin , Zory Raphaël 
Published: July 2019

Previous research on the stereotype threat phenomenon has shown that inducing a negative stereotype toward a group debilitates motor performance despite the increase in motivation. Most of the studies focused on tasks requiring technical skills. However, what happens when the task does not require technical skills but focuses on energy expenditure? To examine this question, 34 male and female participants were assigned to a negative stereotype toward women and a nullified-stereotype condition and performed 20 min of self-paced cycling exercise. The authors hypothesized better performances when participants were assigned to the negative stereotype toward women condition than when assigned to the nullified-stereotype condition. As predicted, men and women increased their performances, accompanied by increases in heart rate. Concerning women, this result provides support for the notion that the effect of inducing a negative stereotype is task dependent, but further research is needed to more deeply investigate the mechanisms involved.
Variation in cardiovascular disease care: an Australian cohort study on sex differences in receipt of coronary procedures
Authors: Fogg Alexandra Jane , Welsh Jennifer , Banks Emily , Abhayaratna Walter , Korda Rosemary J 
Published: July 2019

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to quantify sex differences in diagnostic and revascularisation coronary procedures within 1 year of hospitalisation for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) or angina.DesignThis is a prospective cohort study. Baseline questionnaire (January 2006–April 2009) data from the Sax Institute’s 45 and Up Study were linked to hospitalisation and mortality data (to 30 June 2016) in a time-to-event analysis, treating death as a censoring event.SettingThis was conducted in New South Wales, Australia.ParticipantsThe study included participants aged ≥45 years with no history of ischaemic heart disease (IHD) who were admitted to hospital with a primary diagnosis of AMI (n=4580) or a primary diagnosis of angina or chronic IHD with secondary diagnosis of angina (n=4457).Outcome measuresThe outcome of this study was coronary angiography and coronary revascularisation with percutaneous coronary intervention or coronary artery bypass graft (PCI/CABG) within 1 year of index admission. Cox regression models compared coronary procedure rates in men and women, adjusting sequentially for age, sociodemographic variables and health characteristics.ResultsAmong patients with AMI, 71.6% of men (crude rate 3.45/person-year) and 64.7% of women (2.62/person-year) received angiography; 57.8% of men (1.73/person-year) and 37.4% of women (0.77/person-year) received PCI/CABG. Adjusted HRs for men versus women were 1.00 (0.92–1.08) for angiography and 1.51 (1.38–1.67) for PCI/CABG. In the angina group, 67.3% of men (crude rate 2.36/person-year) and 54.9% of women (1.32/person-year) received angiography; 44.6% of men (0.90/person-year) and 19.5% of women (0.26/person-year) received PCI/CABG. Adjusted HRs were 1.24 (1.14–1.34) and 2.44 (2.16–2.75), respectively.ConclusionsMen are more likely than women to receive coronary procedures, particularly revascularisation. This difference is most evident among people with angina, where clinical guidelines are less prescriptive than for AMI.
Physical activity counselling in Ireland: a survey of doctors’ knowledge, attitudes and self-reported practice
Authors: O'Brien Sarah , Prihodova Lucia , Heffron Mairéad , Wright Peter 
Published: July 2019

ObjectivePhysical activity (PA) counselling has been shown to raise awareness of the importance of PA and to increase the rate of PA engagement among patients. While much attention has been paid to examining the knowledge, attitudes and practice of general practitioners in relation to PA counselling, there is less literature examining such issues in hospital-based doctors in Ireland and further afield. This study aimed to explore doctors’ PA counselling practices and to analyse how this related to their level of PA knowledge, training and attitudes.MethodsAn invitation to participate in an online survey was sent to 4692 members of the Royal College of Physicians of Ireland who were listed as having an address in Ireland. Descriptive and explorative analyses of the data were performed using IBM SPSS V.22.0.ResultsA total of 595 valid responses were included (response rate 12.7%; 42.7% male, 42.6±12.1 years). The majority reported enquiring about PA levels (88.0%) and providing PA counselling (86.4%) in at least some of their patients. Doctors who saw it as their role and those who felt more effective/confident in providing PA counselling were significantly more likely to do so. A perceived lack of patient interest in PA and patient preference for pharmaceutical intervention were significant barriers to undertaking PA counselling.ConclusionThis study demonstrates the need for further education and training in PA counselling in Ireland with a particular focus on improving the attitudes and self-efficacy of doctors in this area at both undergraduate and postgraduate levels.
Probability of cancer in lung nodules using sequential volumetric screening up to 12 months: the UKLS trial
Authors: Marcus Michael W , Duffy Stephen W , Devaraj Anand , Green Beverley A , Oudkerk Matthijs , Baldwin David , Field John 
Published: July 2019

BackgroundEstimation of the clinical probability of malignancy in patients with pulmonary nodules will facilitate early diagnosis, determine optimum patient management strategies and reduce overall costs.MethodsData from the UK Lung Cancer Screening trial were analysed. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to identify independent predictors and to develop a parsimonious model to estimate the probability of lung cancer in lung nodules detected at baseline and at 3-month and 12-month repeat screening.ResultsOf 1994 participants who underwent CT scan, 1013 participants had a total of 5063 lung nodules and 52 (2.6%) of the participants developed lung cancer during a median follow-up of 4 years. Covariates that predict lung cancer in our model included female gender, asthma, bronchitis, asbestos exposure, history of cancer, early and late onset of family history of lung cancer, smoking duration, FVC, nodule type (pure ground-glass and part-solid) and volume as measured by semiautomated volumetry. The final model incorporating all predictors had excellent discrimination: area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC 0.885, 95% CI 0.880 to 0.889). Internal validation suggested that the model will discriminate well when applied to new data (optimism-corrected AUC 0.882, 95% CI 0.848 to 0.907). The risk model had a good calibration (goodness-of-fit χ[8] 8.13, p=0.42).ConclusionsOur model may be used in estimating the probability of lung cancer in nodules detected at baseline and at 3 months and 12 months from baseline, allowing more efficient stratification of follow-up in population-based lung cancer screening programmes.Trial registration number78513845.
Melanoma Extracellular Vesicles Generate Immunosuppressive Myeloid Cells by Upregulating PD-L1 via TLR4 Signaling
Authors: Fleming Viktor , Hu Xiaoying , Weller Céline , Weber Rebekka , Groth Christopher , Riester Zeno , Hüser Laura , Sun Qian , Nagibin Vasyl , Kirschning Carsten , Bronte Vincenzo , Utikal Jochen , Altevogt Peter , Umansky Viktor 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Tumor cell–derived extracellular vesicles (EV) convert normal myeloid cells into myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC), inhibiting antitumor immune responses. Here, we show that EV from Ret mouse melanoma cells upregulate the expression of programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) on mouse immature myeloid cells (IMC), leading to suppression of T-cell activation. PD-L1 expression and the immunosuppressive potential of EV-generated MDSC were dependent on the expression of Toll-like receptors (TLR). IMC from Tlr4−/− mice failed to increase T-cell PD-L1 expression and immunosuppression with Ret-EV treatment, and this effect was dependent on heat-shock protein 86 (HSP86) as HSP86-deficient Ret cells could not stimulate PD-L1 expression on normal IMC; IMC from Tlr2−/− and Tlr7−/− mice demonstrated similar results, although to a lesser extent. HSP86-deficient Ret cells slowed tumor progression in vivo associated with decreased frequency of tumor-infiltrating PD-L1+CD11b+Gr1+ MDSC. EV from human melanoma cells upregulated PD-L1 and immunosuppression of normal monocytes dependent on HSP86. These findings highlight a novel EV-mediated mechanism of MDSC generation from normal myeloid cells, suggesting the importance of EV targeting for tumor therapy.

Significance:
These findings validate the importance of TLR4 signaling in reprogramming normal myeloid cells into functional myeloid-derived suppressor cells.