bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Engineering Na−Mo−O/Graphene Oxide Composites with Enhanced Electrochemical Performance for Lithium Ion Batteries
Authors: Li Jingfa , Chen Qiang , Zhou Qihao , Shen Nan , Li Min , Guo Cong , Zhang Lei 
Published: August 2019

AbstractSodium molybdate (Na−Mo−O) wrapped by graphene oxide (GO) composites have been prepared via a simple in‐situ precipitation method at room temperature. The composites are mainly constructed with one dimension (1D) ultra‐long sodium molybdate nanorods, which are wrapped by the flexible GO. The introduction of GO is expected to not merely provide more active sites for lithium‐ions storage, but also improve the charge transfer rate of the electrode. The testing electrochemical performances corroborated the standpoint: The Na−Mo−O/GO composites delivers specific capacities of 718 mAh g−1 after 100 cycles at 100 mA g−1, and 570 mAh g−1 after 500 cycles at a high rate of 500 mA g−1; for comparison, the bare Na−Mo−O nanorod shows a severe capacity decay, which deliver only 332 mAh g−1 after 100 cycles at 100 mA g−1. In view of the cost‐efficient and less time‐consuming in synthesis, and one‐step preparation without further treatment, these Na−Mo−O nanorods/GO composites present potential and prospective anodes for LIBs.
Next generation pathology: artificial intelligence enhances histopathology practice
Authors: Acs Balazs , Hartman Johan 
Published: August 2019

AbstractDeep learning algorithms have shown benefits for pathology in the context of risk stratification of tumors. Although the results are promising, several steps have to be made to confirm clinical utility. In a recent issue of The Journal of Pathology, Colling et al present a perspective manuscript providing a roadmap to routine use of artificial intelligence in histopathology. In this commentary, we aimed to put these key points in the context of recent findings of AI and digital image analysis studies. © 2019 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Trimodality therapy for atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor is associated with improved overall survival: A surveillance, epidemiology, and end results analysis
Authors: Quinn Thomas J. , Almahariq Muayad F. , Siddiqui Zaid A. , Thompson Andrew B. , Hamstra Daniel A. , Kabolizadeh Peyman , Gowans Kate L. , Chen Peter Y. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundAtypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumors (AT/RTs) are rare aggressive central nervous system tumors. The use of radiation therapy (RT) remains controversial, especially for patients younger than three years of age. The purpose of the current investigation is to robustly analyze the impact of RT among pediatric AT/RT patients using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database.MethodsSEER 18 Custom Data registries were queried for AT/RT (ICD‐0‐3 9508/3). A total of 190 pediatric AT/RT patients were identified, of whom 102 underwent surgery + chemotherapy and 88 underwent trimodality therapy. Univariate and multivariable analyses using Kaplan‐Meier and Cox proportional hazards regression modeling were performed. Propensity‐score matched analysis with inverse probability of treatment weighting was performed to account for indication bias. The landmark method was used to account for immortal time bias.ResultsThe majority of patients were <3 years old (75.8%). Patients <3 were more likely to be treated without RT as compared with older patients (62% vs 38%). Doubly robust MVA identified distant disease as a negative prognostic factor (HR 2.1, P = 0.003), whereas trimodality therapy was strongly protective (HR 0.39, P < 0.001). Infants (<1), toddlers (1‐2), and older children (3+) all benefited from trimodality therapy, with largest benefit for infants (HR 0.34, P = 0.02) and toddlers (HR 0.31, P < 0.001).ConclusionThe current study provides further evidence that trimodality therapy improves clinical outcomes among patients with AT/RT. This finding was most pronounced for younger patients; therefore, further studies are needed to confirm this finding in this vulnerable population.
Incidence of Rebound Hypertension after Discontinuation of Dexmedetomidine
Authors: Flieller Lauren A. , Alaniz Cesar , Pleva Melissa R. , Miller James T. 
Published: August 2019

IntroductionTo date, no studies have evaluated the incidence of rebound hypertension occurring with the discontinuation of long‐term (> 72 hrs) dexmedetomidine infusions. Rebound hypertension has been documented in the literature with clonidine, a structurally and pharmacologically similar medication.ObjectivesTo compare the incidence of rebound hypertension associated with cessation of dexmedetomidine infusion with other sedative medications.MethodsThis retrospective, matched cohort study evaluated the incidence of rebound hypertension in intensive care unit patients receiving continuous infusions of at least 72 hours in duration of dexmedetomidine, propofol, or midazolam.ResultsThe study population consisted of 216 patients: 54 treated with dexmedetomidine and 162 treated with propofol or midazolam. Rebound hypertension occurred significantly more often in patients with a history of hypertension (71.1%) than in patients with no prior hypertension (28.9%; p<0.001).There was no difference in incidence of rebound hypertension in the dexmedetomidine or propofol and midazolam arms (16.7% vs 17.9%, p=0.837). The titration timeframe for the dexmedetomidine infusion, defined as the time from peak infusion rate until discontinuation, was significantly shorter in patients with rebound hypertension (median duration, 4 hrs) compared with patients who did not have rebound hypertension (median duration, 17 hrs; p=0.011).ConclusionThere was no difference in the incidence of rebound hypertension observed with dexmedetomidine discontinuation compared with propofol or midazolam. Instead, history of hypertension and a shorter weaning duration appear to be associated with increased risk of rebound hypertension regardless of the sedative used.
Effect of cellulose nanofiber on the dynamically asymmetric phase separation in epoxy/polysulfone blends
Authors: Zhang Yan , Ling Qiuhui , Zhao Songmei , Lu Xueting , Fu Shenyuan , Jin Zhenfu 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTSignificant effect of cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) on cure‐induced phase separation in dynamically asymmetric system is reported. An epoxy/polysulfone blends with typical layered structure formation was chosen as the polymer matrix, and morphology evolution and rheological behavior of systems with different nano‐size fiber loadings upon curing reaction were investigated using optical microscopy and rheological measurement. CNF distributed uniformly in the polymer matrix and had good interaction with polymer chains. Curing reaction of epoxy was promoted by CNF, making the system gel and phase separate earlier. Meanwhile, system viscosity was increased with CNF addition, and the movement of polymer chains and component diffusion were constrained, as a result, the structure evolution process was slowed down. The CNF altered the final morphologies, resulting in refined structures with smaller characteristic length scales or even completely change the morphologies from the layered structures to a bicontinuous structure when the CNF concentration reached to a relatively high level. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2019, 57, 1357–1366
Aryl hydrocarbon receptor regulates the expression of LmGSTd7 and is associated with chlorpyrifos susceptibility in Locusta migratoria
Authors: Zhang Xueyao , Jie Dong , Liu Jiao , Zhang Jianqin , Zhang Tingting , Zhang Jianzhen , Ma Enbo 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) belongs to the bHLH‐PAS (basic Helix–Loop–Helix – Period/ARNT/Single minded) family of transcription factors. AhR is a ligand‐activated transcription factor, which participates in the sensing and transmitting stimuli of endogenous and exogenous chemicals, and subsequently activates the transcription of genes related to various physiological and detoxification functions.RESULTIn this study, a single full‐length LmAhR sequence was cloned and characterized. RNA interference (RNAi) and insecticide bioassays showed that LmAhR plays a vital role in chlorpyrifos susceptibility. To better identify aryl hydrocarbon receptor from locusta migratoria (LmAhR)‐regulated genes involved in chlorpyrifos susceptibility, a comparative transcriptome analysis was performed using double‐stranded (ds)GFP‐ and dsLmAhR‐injected Locusta migratoria. Differential gene expression analysis identified 145 down‐regulated and 67 up‐regulated genes (P ≤ 0.05 and fold change ≥2) in dsLmAhR‐knockdown insects. We selected 27 down‐regulated genes and verified their expression levels using reverse transcription quantitative PCR. Finally, one glutathione S‐transferase (GST) gene (LmGSTd7) was selected as a candidate detoxification gene and was further validated via RNAi and chlorpyrifos bioassays.CONCLUSIONOur data suggest that AhR is associated with chlorpyrifos susceptibility via the regulation of LmGSTd7 expression in L. migratoria. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Analysis of the Trusted‐Device Scenario in Continuous‐Variable Quantum Key Distribution
Authors: Laudenbach Fabian , Pacher Christoph 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe assumption that detection and/or state preparation devices used for continuous‐variable quantum key distribution are beyond influence of potential eavesdroppers leads to a significant performance enhancement in terms of achievable key rate and transmission distance. A detailed and comprehensible derivation of the Holevo bound in this so‐called trusted‐device scenario is provided. Modeling an entangling‐cloner attack and using some basic algebraic matrix transformations, it is shown that the computation of the Holevo bound can be reduced to the solution of a quadratic equation. As an advantage of our derivation, the mathematical complexity of our solution does not increase with the number of trusted‐noise sources. Finally, a numerical evaluation of our results is provided, illustrating the counter‐intuitive fact that an appropriate amount of trusted‐receiver loss and noise can even be beneficial for the key rate.
Operationalizing the allocation of environmental flows: A U.K. perspective on Baxter's Schedule
Authors: Neachell Emma , Petts Geoff 
Published: August 2019

AbstractEarly attempts to gauge streams were used by George Baxter in 1961 to propose a pioneering scheme for deriving and allocating water for what today may be recognized as environmental flows in the United Kingdom, but the approach was not accepted into practice. A fundamental concern was the quality of river flow data. Stream gauging was advanced by the 1963 Water Resources Act, and prior to this, the allocation of water resources to compensation flows below dams was based on the basic principle of one third of the reliable yield, estimated using rainfall data. Despite the increased availability of river flow data since the 1970s, it is suggested that low‐flow data quality has severely constrained the management and allocation of water resources and remains so today. Today, pressures and demands on water resources are increasing, but the accuracy of low‐flow measurement is still hindering the operational determination and implementation of environmentally robust, seasonally variable environmental flows. Successful river regulation and restoration relate to a complex suite of public policy questions and given uncertainty over the quality of low‐flow data, transparent, pragmatic decisions about societal allocations of water need to be made.
Employing SysML to model and explore levels‐of‐service: The case of passenger comfort in railway transportation systems
Authors: Kotronis Christos , Nikolaidou Mara , Kapos George‐Dimitrios , Tsadimas Anargyros , Dalakas Vassilis , Anagnostopoulos Dimosthenis 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe concept of Level of Service (LoS) is not inherently supported by Systems Modeling Language (SysML), the standard modeling notation for model‐based systems engineering. This paper describes and demonstrates an approach that enhances SysML to enable LoS modeling and evaluation. A SysML profile enables the definition and visual verification of LoS during system operation, via LoS specific requirements, inside the system model, and the association of these requirements with specific system components. Hence, static and dynamic aspects of the system model are used for the LoS verification, while specific design alternatives are automatically proposed, in case the desired LoS is not achieved. As a proof of concept, the proposed approach was applied to explore passenger comfort, a key LoS metric, indicating space available to passenger in Railway Transportation Systems (RTSs). A specific case study on passenger comfort for the Athens Metro was conducted to derive insights regarding the practical aspects of the proposed approach.
What We Must Learn From Children in Immigrant Families
Authors: Compton‐Lilly Catherine , Kim Jieun , Quast Erin , Tran Sarah , Shedrow Stephanie 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe authors explore the intriguing transnational awareness demonstrated by young students from immigrant families. The authors argue that awareness is an important fund of knowledge and the foundation on which some students build an inclusive view of the world, a view that honors the humanity of people around the world. After exploring the transnational awareness of young students, the authors follow one student from first grade into high school. Adam is Muslim American, bilingual in Arabic and English, and learning French. He is an avid soccer player, but most of all, he has a perspective on the world that is expansive, inclusive, and curious. Adam has lessons to teach not only his peers but also his teachers.
Stereological transformation of pore size distributions with application to soft polymer and FDM‐printed specimens
Authors: Reppel Thomas , Korzeniowski Tim Fabian , Weinberg Kerstin 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe presence of voids or cavities inside a material plays an important role in several applications. Recently, their investigation has gained attention to understand the effect of such inhomogeneities on 3D‐printed structures. Such structures could be already weakened due to the procedure of additive manufacturing. Voids can be visualized by computed tomography but practically a micrograph obtained by a planar cut through the material is simpler and cheaper. This requires, however, the reconstruction of the three‐dimensional distribution from statistical micrograph analyses. Here the reliability of such reconstruction is studied. To this end, spherical voids are considered whose size distribution can be characterized by one scalar number, e.g. the void radius. The corresponding distributions are typically positive right‐tailed, indicating more small than large voids. Following the work of S. D. Wicksell, the distributions of the observed planar cut are linked to the distribution of the spherical void size in space. The calculation of the stereological transformations is outlined in detail and several examples are provided to point on misleading conclusions. The presented analysis is applied to three typical soft‐polymer materials.
Towards the n-point one-loop superstring amplitude. Part III. One-loop correlators and their double-copy structure
Authors: Mafra Carlos R. , Schlotterer Oliver 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIn this final part of a series of three papers, we will assemble supersymmetric expressions for one-loop correlators in pure-spinor superspace that are BRST invariant, local, and single valued. A key driving force in this construction is the generalization of a so far unnoticed property at tree-level; the correlators have the symmetry structure akin to Lie polynomials. One-loop correlators up to seven points are presented in a variety of representations manifesting different subsets of their defining properties. These expressions are related via identities obeyed by the kinematic superfields and worldsheet functions spelled out in the first two parts of this series and reflecting a duality between the two kinds of ingredients. Interestingly, the expression for the eight-point correlator following from our method seems to capture correctly all the dependence on the worldsheet punctures but leaves undetermined the coefficient of the holomorphic Eisenstein series G4. By virtue of chiral splitting, closed-string correlators follow from the double copy of the open-string results.
Lateral Pelvic Lymph Node Metastases in Rectal Cancer: A Systematic Review
Authors: Atef Y. , Koedam T. W. , van Oostendorp S. E. , Bonjer H. J. , Wijsmuller A. R. , Tuynman J. B. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundSynchronous lateral pelvic lymph node (LPLN) involvement occurs in a significant number of patients with rectal cancer. The aim of this study is to determine the rate of LPLN metastases in rectal cancer patients with LPLN suspicious for metastases (LPLNSM) on pretreatment imaging, treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT). Additionally, the influence of LPLN responsiveness to nCRT as determined by post‐nCRT restaging scan was investigated.MethodsA systematic review was conducted to identify studies on patients with author‐defined LPLNSM that reported the pathological outcomes after total mesorectal excision (TME) with lateral pelvic lymph node dissection (LPLD). MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science and the Cochrane Library were searched. The primary outcome was the percentage of pathologically confirmed LPLN metastases.ResultsA total of 462 patients from eleven studies were identified. The number of pathologically confirmed LPLN metastases in 361 patients that underwent uni‐ or bilateral LPLD ranged from 21.9 to 61.1%. The LPLD resulted in pathologically confirmed metastases in a range from 0 to 20.4% of patients with responsive LPLNSM and in a range from 25.0 to 83.3% of patients with persistent nodes. However, radiologic cutoff criteria for the evaluation of LPLN differed between studies.ConclusionsIn a large number of patients with LPLNSM on initial imaging, metastatic LPLN are present after nCRT and surgical treatment. Even in LPLN that are considered responsive on restaging, significant rates of pathologically confirmed metastases are reported.
Serum levels of selected cytokines [interleukin (IL)-17A, IL-18, IL-23] and chemokines (RANTES, IP10) in the acute phase of immunoglobulin A vasculitis in children
Authors: Jaszczura Majka , Mizgała-Izworska Elżbieta , Świętochowska Elżbieta , Machura Edyta 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The pathogenesis of the immunoglobulin A vasculitis (IgAV) is still unknown. The available data shows that interleukin (IL)-17, IL-18, IL-23, regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted (CCL 5, RANTES), and interferon (IFN)-γ-inducible protein 10 (IP10) participate in the pathogenesis of IgAV by influencing the recruitment of leukocytes to the site of inflammation. The aim of this study was to analyze the serum concentration of IL-17A, IL-18, IL-23, RANTES, and IP10 in patients with acute IgAV compared to healthy children. Moreover, we wanted to assess the suitability of the levels of tested cytokines to predict the severity of the disease. All children with IgAV hospitalized in our institution between 2012 and 2017 were included in the study. Cytokines levels were determined in a serum sample secured at admission to the hospital. Basic laboratory tests have also been analyzed. IL-17A, IL-18, and IL-23 were significantly higher in whole IgAV group (52.25 pg/ml; 164.1 pg/ml and 700 pg/ml, respectively) than in the control group (27.92 pg/ml; 140.1 pg/ml and 581.5 pg/ml, respectively). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis revealed the largest area under the curve (AUC 0.979, p < 0.001) for the IL-17A with 95.1% sensitivity and 91.7% specificity. There were no significant differences in cytokine levels depending on the severity of the IgAV. Although the serum levels of the IL-17A, IL-18, and IL-23 increase significantly in the acute phase of the IgAV, they cannot be used as indicators of predicting the course of the disease. IL-17A seems to be a good predictor of IgAV occurrences.
Application of hydraulic flow units’ approach for improving reservoir characterization and predicting permeability
Authors: Khalid Mostafa , Desouky Saad El-Din , Rashed Mohammed , Shazly Tarek , Sediek Kadry 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIt is highly essential to characterize the reservoir accurately as possible to implement enhanced oil recovery and development scenarios. Determining complex variations in pore geometry aids in identifying rock types with similar fluid flow properties. Traditional classification of rock types is based on geologic observations and empirical relations between porosity and permeability. However, for a given porosity, permeability can vary by several orders of magnitude. This reveals that porosity only cannot interpret the permeability variation. The proposed approach to define the existence of different rock types in the reservoir is the “hydraulic flow units’ approach.” The approach aims to enhance the reservoir characterization and predict permeability in un-cored wells to reduce the cost of drilling core samples. The approach involves dividing the reservoir into hydraulic flow units (HFUs). It introduces the concept of reservoir quality index and flow zone indicator (FZI) to identify the HFUs. Each unit is imprinted by certain FZI and said to have similar geological and petro-physical properties. Validation of results was done by integrating the HFUs with core description results—particularly samples’ grain sizes—to ascertain the accuracy of the approach. FZI was then integrated with well logs using multiple regression analysis in order to train the logs to recognize the hydraulic flow units in case of absence of core. A regression model was developed for each flow unit, from which FZI can be estimated from logs only. FZI was then correlated with permeability to compute permeability. Results showed that four HFUs exist in the reservoir. Four categories of grain sizes were identified from core analysis. This emphasized the accuracy of the proposed technique. Besides, integration between core data and well-logging ones showed high degree of correlation between well logs and FZI. Expanding this correlation aids in predicting permeability in un-cored well.
Developments and experimental tests on a laboratory-scale drilling automation system
Authors: Khadisov Magomed , Hagen Håkon , Jakobsen Andreas , Sui Dan 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis paper presents the work that has gone into optimizing drilling performances on a laboratory-scale drilling rig, capable of drilling through rock samples in possible shortest time with preventing damages to devices for the sake of drilling costs and safety. The rig is fully functional, and we conducted successful experiments in both manual and autonomous modes. In this study, we focus on testings on drilling optimizations, failures, advancements of understanding of operational limits, and implementations of these boundaries to create a well-designed and controlled drilling rig. Case studies show that good results have been achieved in terms of optimizing drilling parameters and receiving the possible highest drilling speed when drilling different formations.