bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
All-Optical Vacuum Birefringence with PW-Class Lasers: Case Study for the ELI-NP Parameters
Authors: Ataman Stefan , Nakamiya Yoshihide , Roşu Mădălin , Neagu Liviu , Teşileanu Ovidiu 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In this paper we discuss the possibility of vacuum birefringence detection via all-optical, interferometric schemes. ELI-NP’s laser parameters are employed, hence the pump is considered to be a 10 PW laser while the probe is a much weaker one (∼ GW to TW). We assess two collision geometries and deduce the ideal probe pulse duration. We then go on and discuss the output signal of a balanced Mach-Zehnder interferometer and also propose two technically feasible experimental setups.
On the Electromagnetic Wave Reflection at the Subluminal, Luminal, and Superluminal Mirrors
Authors: Bulanov S. V. , Esirkepov T. Z. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
As predicted by A. Einstein [Ann. Phys. (Leipzig) 17, 891 (1905)] the electromagnetic wave reflected at the mirror moving with relativistic velocity undergoes the frequency upshifting and intensification as high as the mirror velocity is close to the speed of light in vacuum. On the other hand side, as high the wave frequency is as the matter becomes more transparent with the reflection coefficient tending to zero. To resolve this paradox we analyze the electromagnetic wave propagation in the medium where the modulation of the refraction index move with the velocity equal to the speed of light in vacuum. As we find although the wave reflection at the luminal mirror vanishes, i.e. the electromagnetic pulse cannot overtake the mirror, its frequency spectrum changes.
Electron motion in relativistically strong plane waves
Authors: Samsonov A S , Pukhov A 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
It is shown that by using a certain set of variables, the motion equations of a charged particle in a plane electromagnetic wave with account of radiation reaction can be solved in quadratures. An explicit solution is presented for special cases, such as constant crossed fields, linearly and circularly polarized monochromatic plane waves. Multiple features of the solution are explored, such as average increase of the energy and longitudinal momentum, violation of the Lawson-Woodward theorem, and finiteness of the total radiated energy.
Induced Photon Emission in Laguerre-Gauss Beams
Authors: Dumlu Cesim K , Nakamiya Yoshihide , Tanaka Kazuo A 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We investigate stimulated photon emission in Laguerre-Gauss (LG
ℓp
) beams having arbitrary mode decomposition via Euler-Heisenberg Lagrangian. We look into the analytic structure of one-photon emission amplitude and identify its dominant and sub-dominant parts. In particular, we analyze three distinct nonlinear signatures associated with LG beams in which the orbital angular momentum (OAM) of the signal photon emerges as flipped, doubled or reduced with respect to OAM of incoming photons.
Photon Vortex Production from Synchrotron Radiation of Electron in Relativistic Quantum Approach
Authors: Maruyama Tomoyuki , Hayakawa Takehito , Kajino Toshitaka , Cheoun Myung-Ki 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Light vortices exhibit a remarkable feature: a single photon can harbor a vortex wave-function on the quantum scale. In this study, we illustrate the process behind creating a photon vortex using a Bessel wave-function. Furthermore, we calculate the decay widths stemming from an electron in Landau levels and the energy spectra of photons emitted with a non-zero orbital angular momentum along their propagation direction. The results suggest the possible presence of photon vortices in astrophysical environments distinguished by strong magnetic fields.
High-resolution ultrasonic characterization of an adhesive film in an aeronautical assembly
Authors: Ezziani Youness , El-Kettani Mounsif ECH-CHERIF , Leduc Damien , Marechal Pierre , Ducousso Mathieu , Cuvillier Nicolas 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In recent years, the increasing use of composite materials in aeronautical structures to reduce weight has led to a growing interest in non-destructive testing of adhesive joints. Such inspections aim to detect defects such as porosity or delamination and to identify detachments between the adhesive joint and the substrate. This study focuses on determining the properties of an adhesive film in aerospace assemblies involving titanium/composite materials. Specifically, it aims to precisely measure the thickness of the adhesive film and assess the adhesion quality using high-frequency, high-resolution non-destructive ultrasonic methods. The challenge lies in accurately determine the thickness and mechanical properties of the adhesive joint due to the highly contrasting impedance discontinuities in this type of structure: strong between the titanium and the adhesive, and weak between the adhesive and the composite.
Ultrasonic characterization of post-mortem interval (PMI) of human bones
Authors: Angermuller Arthur , Diboune Hafsa , Arciniegas Andres , Martinez Loïc , Lasaygues Philippe , Baron Cécile , Wilkie-Chancellier Nicolas 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In order to improve the evaluation of the post-mortem interval (PMI) of human bone, experts in forensic anthropology from the french national gendarmerie are interested in new characterization methods and in particular non-destructive testing (NDT). If Nile Blue colorimetric methods currently allow dating up to a hundred years, these techniques alter the bone which is evidence in a criminal investigation. In order to avoid this degradation, the work presented hereby proposes a method for characterizing PMI using ultrasonic methods that have proven successful for the NDT of complex materials, including bones in medical applications. The objective is to identify relevant ultrasonic parameters representative of PMI. The propagation velocities of compression and shear waves are measured through parallelepiped samples of cortical bone taken from human femurs while respecting the anatomical orientation of the bone. These measurements carried out in the 3 directions of space make it possible to calculate the diagonal coefficients of the stiffness matrix Cij. Measurements of the propagation velocity of compression waves are carried out in transmission, using PinducerTM transmitter/receiver immersed in water. The measurement of shear wave velocities is made via a second non-immersed device using contact transducers. The results presented come from ultrasonic signals measured on bones, coming from individuals with similar pre-mortem parameters, whose PMI varies between 1 and 2500 years. The six diagonal coefficients of the stiffness matrix are represented and discussed in terms of the PMI. A first classification of bones is possible according to their PMI. In order to assist the analysis and interpretation of the results, a single parameter is proposed, the Trace of the stiffness matrix (Tr(Cij)), confirming the possible contribution of the ultrasonic techniques to be used for the dating of human bones.
Integrated analysis of materials for offshore wind turbine blades: mechanical and acoustical coupling
Authors: Aoujdad Khalid , Elhadji-Amadou BA , Marechal Pierre , Leduc Damien , Vivet Alexandre , Gehring Florian , El-Kettani Mounsif ECH-CHERIF 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This work focuses on assessing the structural degradation of offshore wind turbine blade (OWTB) materials caused by exposure to the marine environment using acoustic and mechanical methods. Samples, consisting of a glass fibre reinforced polymer (GFRP) composite laminate with a styrene-acrylo-nitrile (SAN) foam core, are subjected to an accelerated hygrothermal ageing by immersion in seawater at 28-30% salinity, thermostated at 40°C. Non-destructive characterisation using ultrasonic waves and mechanical testing, including 3- and 4-point bending tests, are carried out. These results are in agreement with mechanical tests which show an 8% reduction in maximum stress for the same immersion time.
Multi-modal characterization of ultrasonic bulk wave properties in heterogeneous textured media through finite element computations
Authors: Dorval Vincent , Leymarie Nicolas , Imperiale Alexandre , Demaldent Edouard 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Ultrasonic Non Destructive Testing can be heavily affected by heterogeneous materials, such as some coarse-grained metals, concretes or composites materials. Understanding and predicting the behaviour of ultrasonic waves in such complex media has been a longstanding focus of research. Originally, theoretical analytical models have been developed. Their utility tends to be constrained by their inherent approximations and by the difficulties associated with verifying them. In recent years, transient Finite Element computations have been used to overcome these limitations. By simulating the propagation of ultrasonic waves through representative volumes of the material, it is possible to determine the properties of the coherent wave. However, this approach has been mainly applied to longitudinal waves only, and the analysis methods used are not necessarily applicable to shear waves. This communications shows how, with a dedicated simulation setup, it is possible to characterize the behaviour of both longitudinal and shear waves. Both waves can be characterized using a single computation, saving on computation times. The presented methodology is also applicable to statistically anisotropic media, such as textured metallic microstructures, in which three distinct modes can be observed in the coherent field: one quasi-longitudinal and two quasi-shear modes. These three modes can be characterized in a single simulation. One of the objectives of this technique is to provide material input data for macroscopic scale simulations using ray-based or high order Finite Element models in application to the control of various metallic parts, including welded components with textured regions.
Impact of resynchronization errors on the localization quality of defects in reverberant plates
Authors: Bouchakour Omar , Chehami Lynda , Moulin Emmanuel 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In the context of Structural Health Monitoring (SHM), recent research works have been carried out to take advantage of the correlation of ambient noise to locate and characterize defects in reverberant plates. The back-propagation-based imaging algorithms developed in this way require that the signals recorded by the sensors of the control network be perfectly synchronized. This implies that these sensors must be linked to a common clock to ensure their synchronization, which generates significant complexity of the monitoring system in the case of embedded applications. Post-processing resynchronization is a promising solution to deal with this problem. However, in less favorable cases and especially in the presence of additive noise, this resynchronization could be made with some errors. In this work, we are interested in quantifying statistically the degradation of the contrast of localization images as a function of the statistical parameters of resynchronization errors. The obtained results are promising and can be of great interest for embedded applications.
Determination of ageing indicators on glass-fiber polyester composite skins using Lamb guided waves
Authors: Aoujdad Khalid , El-Kettani Mounsif Ech-Cherif , Leduc Damien , Marechal Pierre 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This paper investigates the structural integrity of glass fibre reinforced polymer (GFRP) composites used in offshore wind turbine blades.
Samples of two thicknesses (4-plies and 6-plies) undergo accelerated ageing inside tanks full of seawater of salinity 28-30% heated at 40°C, whereas non-aged samples remain as a reference.
Ultrasonic non-destructive evaluation (UNDE) using Lamb guided waves is applied to assess the behaviour of samples in those conditions based on ageing indicators investigation. The findings indicate a trend toward an increase in wavenumber and a decrease in phase velocity of Lamb waves modes for aged samples, which suggests a decrease in mechanical properties over time. Furthermore, this disparity becomes noticeably more evident with longer ageing times.
There Are Hearings but Is Anyone Acting?
Authors: Vahed Goolam , Desai Ashwin 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In speaking to Black cricketers who played during the apartheid era, there is always the narrative of missed opportunities. Many hold the view that there were many Basil D’Oliveiras, the so-called ‘Coloured’ cricketer from the Cape who went on to represent the English national team. The success of Black cricketers in the post-apartheid period is constantly measured by what was lost by the generations before. There was a time not too far off when the Proteas’ dressing room was a hostile place for those not White. The crescendo of voices calling for the inclusion of Black people (African, ‘Coloured’, and Indian) in cricket paved the way for some Black players to get selected for the team and for others to be involved as managers, selectors, coaches, and support staff. A quarter-century into the post-apartheid period, Black people are in the majority at most levels of the game but that is no longer the bar. There are new challenges for those defined as ‘Indian’ and ‘Coloured’. This chapter examines the unravelling of ‘Black’ and new contestations over who should run and play the game in the context of rising racial nationalism, and what impact this ‘tyranny of numbers’ will have on the trajectory of cricket in South Africa. All of these issues have been brought into the open with the Black Lives Matter movement sweeping the world in 2020.
Application of glucose to prepare Aspergillus oryzae koji as an adjunct to prevent rancidity in cheese products
Authors: Chintagavongse Napaporn , Mitani Tomohiro , Tamano Koichi , Hayakawa Toru , Wakamatsu Jun-ichi , Kumura Haruto 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Koji made using Aspergillus oryzae shows potential for application as a cheese adjunct; however, flavor defects resulting from volatile free fatty acid (FFA) accumulation should be avoided. Hence, a modified glucose-containing whey solid medium was used to culture A. oryzae AHU 7139, and the triacylglycerol (TG) lipase activity and lipase gene (tglA and mdlB) expression were compared with those of a culture using a conventional whey solid medium. The results showed that TG lipase activity and the expression of both lipase genes were reduced in the modified medium. Moreover, the expression level of farA, a positive transcription factor of the lipase genes, was also reduced. The cheese adjunct prepared by culturing the AHU 7139 strain in the modified medium lowered the FFA content in the cheese products, resulting in comparable FFA levels with those in the adjunct-free cheese. Thus, adding glucose is recommended to prepare the koji adjunct for cheesemaking.
Manipulation and analysis of large DNA molecules by controlling their dynamics using micro and nanogaps
Authors: Azuma Naoki 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Manipulation and analysis methods for large DNAs are critical for epidemiological, clinical, diagnostic, and fundamental research on bacteria, membrane vesicles, plants, yeast, and human cells. However, the physical properties of large DNAs often challenge their manipulation and analysis with high accuracy and speed using conventional methods such as gel electrophoresis and column-based methods. This review presents the approaches that leverage micrometer- and nanometer-sized gaps within microchannels to control the dynamics and conformations of large DNAs, thereby overcoming these challenges. By designing gap structures and migration conditions based on the relationship between gap parameters and the physical characteristics of large DNAs—such as diameter and persistence length—these methods enable swifter and more precise manipulation and analysis of large DNAs, including size separation, concentration, purification, and single-molecule analysis.
Diradical character view of energy stabilization in π-stacked dimers of antiaromatic molecules
Authors: Sugimori Ryota , Kishi Ryohei , Shinokubo Hiroshi , Kitagawa Yasutaka 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We theoretically examined the energy stabilization mechanism of closely π-stacked dimers of antiaromatic molecules from the viewpoint of diradical character (y). Quantum chemical calculations for π-stacked dimer models of cyclobutadienes and Ni(II) norcorroles revealed that the balance between the destabilization due to structural deformation in each monomer and the stabilization due to intermolecular orbital interaction between 4nπ systems and dispersion force determined the stabilization in the π-dimer structures.
The effect of peri-fusion position on the single molecular conductivity of armchair graphene nanoribbons theoretically evaluated by decay constant of exchange interaction
Authors: Shinozuka Tomohito , Shimizu Daiki , Matsuda Kenji 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Armchair graphene nanoribbons (AGNRs) are promising materials with conductivity dependent on width (N), but their open-shell character due to edge states can cause instabilities. We previously showed that peri-benzo fusion at AGNRs’ edges removes the edge states while preserving width-dependent conductivity. In this work, we investigated the effect of peri-fusion position on conductivity by evaluating decay constant of exchange interaction (βJ) between radicals at both ends of N = 8 AGNRs. It was found that the βJ for shorter ribbons was highly sensitive to the fused ring's position, with less variation in longer ribbons.
Sonochemical preparation of nanocomposites of gold nanoparticles and graphene oxide for selective electrochemical sensing of nitric oxide
Authors: Zhang Qiran , Sari Trisna Kumala , Takahashi Fumiki , Tatsumi Hirosuke , Jin Jiye 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In this study, gold nanoparticles and graphene oxide nanocomposite-modified electrodes were prepared by the sonochemical method. We evaluated their electrocatalytic activity toward nitric oxide (NO) oxidation and the analytical performance in the determination of NO and demonstrated its improved selectivity in the detection of NO over NO2−.
Psychedelics for the Treatment of Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder: Efficacy and Proposed Mechanisms
Authors: Collins Helen M 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Psychedelics are emerging as potential treatments for a range of mental health conditions, including anxiety and depression, treatment-resistant depression, and substance use disorders. Recent studies have also suggested that the psychedelic psilocybin may be able to treat obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD). Since the 1960s, case studies have reported improvements to obsessive and compulsive behaviors in patients taking psychedelics recreationally. The effects of psilocybin were then systematically assessed in a small, open-label trial in 2006, which found that psilocybin significantly reduced the symptoms of OCD. Reduced compulsive behaviors have also been seen in rodent models of OCD after administration of psilocybin. Nonetheless, the mechanisms underlying the effects of psychedelics for OCD are unclear, with hypotheses including their acute pharmacological effects, changes in neuroplasticity and resting state neural networks, and their psychological effects. This review will evaluate the evidence supporting the theory that psychedelics can be used for the treatment of OCD, as well as the data regarding claims about their mechanisms. It will also discuss issues with the current evidence and the ongoing trials of psilocybin that aim to address these knowledge gaps.
Combination of Haloperidol With UNC9994, β-arrestin-Biased Analog of Aripiprazole, Ameliorates Schizophrenia-Related Phenotypes Induced by NMDAR Deficit in Mice
Authors: Lipina Tatiana V , Giang Huy , Thacker Jonathan S , Wetsel William C , Caron Marc G , Beaulieu Jean Martin , Salahpour Ali , Ramsey Amy J 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Glutamatergic system dysfunction contributes to a full spectrum of schizophrenia-like symptoms, including the cognitive and negative symptoms that are resistant to treatment with antipsychotic drugs (APDs). Aripiprazole, an atypical APD, acts as a dopamine partial agonist, and its combination with haloperidol (a typical APD) has been suggested as a potential strategy to improve schizophrenia. Recently, an analog of aripiprazole, UNC9994, was developed. UNC9994 does not affect dopamine 2 receptor (D2R)-mediated Gi/o protein signaling but acts as a partial agonist for D2R/β-arrestin interactions. Hence, one of our objectives was to probe the behavioral effects of co-administrating haloperidol with UNC9994 in the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) mouse models of schizophrenia. The biochemical mechanisms underlying the neurobiological effects of dual haloperidol × UNC9994 action are currently missing. Hence, we aimed to explore D2R- and NMDAR-dependent signaling mechanisms that could underlie the effects of dual drug treatments.

Methods
NMDAR hypofunction was induced pharmacologically by acute injection of MK-801 (NMDAR pore blocker; 0.15 mg/kg) and genetically by knockdown of Grin1 gene expression in mice, which have a 90% reduction in NMDAR levels (Grin1 knockdown [Grin1-KD]). After intraperitoneal injections of vehicle, haloperidol (0.15 mg/kg), UNC9994 (0.25 mg/kg), or their combination, mice were tested in open field, prepulse inhibition (PPI), Y-maze, and Puzzle box. Biochemical effects on the phosphorylation of Akt, glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3), and CaMKII in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and striatum of MK-801-treated mice were assessed by western blotting.

Results
Our findings indicate that low dose co-administration of UNC9994 and haloperidol reduces hyperactivity in MK-801-treated animals and in Grin1-KD mice. Furthermore, this dual administration effectively reverses PPI deficits, repetitive/rigid behavior in the Y-maze, and deficient executive function in the Puzzle box in both animal models. Pharmacological inhibition of NMDAR by MK-801 induced the opposite effects in the PFC and striatum on pAkt-S473 and pGSK3β-Ser9. Dual injection of haloperidol with UNC9994 reversed MK-801-induced effects on pAkt-S473 but not on pGSK3β-Ser9 in both brain structures.

Conclusions
The dual administration of haloperidol with UNC9994 at low doses represents a promising approach to ameliorate symptoms of schizophrenia. The combined drug regimen elicits synergistic effects specifically on pAkt-S473, suggesting it as a potential biomarker for antipsychotic actions.
A spectral collocation method for functional and delay differential equations
Authors: Hale Nicholas 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
A framework for Chebyshev spectral collocation methods for the numerical solution of functional and delay differential equations (FDEs and DDEs) is described. The framework combines interpolation via the barycentric resampling matrix with a multidomain approach used to resolve isolated discontinuities propagated by nonsmooth initial data. Geometric convergence in the number of degrees of freedom is demonstrated for several examples of linear and nonlinear FDEs and DDEs with various delay types, including discrete, proportional, continuous and state-dependent delay. The framework is a natural extension of standard spectral collocation methods and can be readily incorporated into existing spectral discretizations, such as in Chebfun/Chebop, allowing the automated and efficient solution of a wide class of nonlinear FDEs and DDEs.