bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Attitude and knowledge towards clozapine among outpatients prescribed clozapine in Durban, KwaZulu-Natal
Authors: Paruk Saeeda , Roojee Shawkat A 
Published: September 2018

Background: Increased patient satisfaction towards their treatment is associated with improved adherence. Poor adherence to antipsychotics is predictive of relapse and eventual need for hospitalisation. There is very limited literature on patients’ knowledge and perception of antipsychotic – or more specifically clozapine – treatment.Aim: To describe the perception and knowledge of clozapine amongst patients prescribed clozapine at two psychiatric units in Durban, KwaZulu-Natal.Methods: A cross-sectional survey of 94 adult patients receiving clozapine was conducted using a socio-demographic questionnaire, chart review and the Drug Attitude Inventory scale (DAI-30), an indirect measure of adherence.Results: The participants were predominantly male (n = 63, 67.0%) and black people (n = 71, 75.5%). The most common diagnosis was schizophrenia (n = 58, 61.7%), and majority surveyed received clozapine for more than one year (n = 93, 98.9%). Ninety-one (96.8%) participants knew the names of medications, and 71 (75.5%) participants were aware of the common side effects of clozapine. Eighty-six (91.5%) patients were aware of the need for white blood cell testing and 50 (53.2%) patients reported being informed by their mental health practitioner about the risk of gaining weight with 41 (43.6%) patients complaining of this side effect.The total number of correct responses to 30 questions on the DAI-30 (N = 2457) compared favourably to the incorrect responses (N = 363). Eighty-seven patients were found to be adherent, and 7 patients were considered non-adherent as per DAI total scores.Significant associations were between negative DAI score suggesting non-adherence and patient educational level (p = 0.001), past history of defaulting medication (p = 0.001), medication efficacy perception (p = 0.01) and being able to discuss concerns with doctor (p = 0.02), compared to those with a positive score on DAI.Conclusion: A high rate of self-reported positive attitude and knowledge towards clozapine was found. The findings highlight the critical role of psycho-education and therapeutic alliance in attitude towards medication and hence adherence.
Personalized Cancer Immunotherapy: Today’s Challenge and Tomorrow’s Promise
Authors: Ameratunga Malaka , Xu Wen , Lopez Juanita 
Published: September 2018

AbstractPrecision medicine continues to be the benchmark toward which we strive in cancer research. Conventionally, it is the term applied to the use of genomic information to guide molecularly targeted therapy. However, the advent of clinically effective cancer immunotherapies has posed a challenge for this concept of precision medicine, as robust biomarkers that can differentiate responders from nonresponders have not been described. Here, we review the current scientific efforts using novel technologies to develop biomarkers for immunotherapeutics, to ultimately achieve “personalized immunotherapy.” We first examine the role of programmed death ligand 1 expression and tumor mutational burden, the two most-studied tumoral response biomarkers; and subsequently discuss innovative candidate biomarkers including integrated “omics” approaches utilizing serial tumor, blood, and microbiome sampling. We also detail the challenges in unifying these approaches into a patient-focused immunogram to truly personalize immunotherapy.
Renovascular Safety of Sunitinib in Renal Cell Carcinoma: The Prognostic Value of Hypertension and Proteinuria
Authors: Launay-Vacher Vincent , Ray-Coquard Isabelle , Goldwasser François , Mir Olivier , Scotté Florian , Spano Jean-Philippe , Thery Jean-Christophe , Beuzeboc Philippe , Daniel Catherine , Rey Jean-Baptiste , Jouannaud Christelle , Gligorov Joseph , Selle Frédéric , Morere Jean-François , Dorent Richard , Ludwig Lisa , Deray Gilbert , Oudard Stéphane 
Published: September 2018

Background The potential prognostic value of hypertension and proteinuria of anti- vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) drugs has not been assessed in routine clinical practice so far in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). The objectives were to (i) assess the prevalence of proteinuria and hypertension at baseline; (ii) their incidence under anti-VEGF drug treatment; and (iii) evaluate a possible link with overall survival. Methods Patients from 8 centers were included between 2009 and 2011 with a follow-up of 1 year. They were naïve of any previous anti-VEGF drug treatment and planned to be started on one. The results of the group of patients with mRCC receiving sunitinib are presented. Results A total of 1,124 patients were included, among whom 137 had mRCC and 112 received sunitinib. At inclusion, hypertension prevalence was 44%, proteinuria 16%, hematuria 8%, mean modification of diet in renal disease (MDRD) formula 69 mL/min/1.73m2. The incidence of de novo proteinuria and hypertension during follow-up was 75% and 21%, respectively. Among patients with de novo proteinuria, 76% afterwards improved/normalized. Mean MDRD was 72 at the end of follow-up. No thrombotic microangiopathy was reported. Baseline or de novo proteinuria or hypertension were not associated with OS in mRCC patients treated with sunitinib. Conclusions These results showed that (i) hypertension and proteinuria were frequent at baseline in mRCC patients; (ii) de novo hypertension and proteinuria frequently occur under sunitinib treatment; and (iii) neither hypertension nor proteinuria, either at baseline or de novo, were associated with overall survival in our cohort of “real-life” patients.
SPACE SIMULATION OF THE CHINA-BRAZIL EARTH RESOURCES SATELLITE  CBERS
Authors: Garcia E. C. , Dos Santos M. B. , De Almeida J. S. , Panissi D. L. 
Published: September 2018

Space Simulation Tests are performed in spacecraft in order to verify equipment proper operation under thermal vacuum conditioning and to verify the correct workmanship in the assembling of the flight spacecraft as a whole. This paper presents the space simulation (thermal vacuum test) developed in the China Brazil Earth Resources Satellite, Flight Model no. 2, that took place at the Integration and Tests Laboratory  LIT, INPE. Measuring approximately 1.8 x 2.0 x 2.2m, weighting 1,500 kg and carrying three cameras as the main payload, this spacecraft is scheduled to be launched in China. The spacecraft was installed in the 3x3m space simulation chamber and the tests run 24 hours a day completing a total of 350 hours. Using the technique of skin-heaters complemented by the thermal vacuum chamber thermally conditioned shrouds and cold plates, dedicated heat inputs and heat sink where applied at the spacecraft surfaces in order to obtain the required high and low acceptance values of temperature and, subsequently, simulating the operational conditions for the necessary electronic subsystems functioning tests of the spacecraft. This test campaign included teams from both China and Brazil, summing a total of 67 people directly involved.
SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS IN THE HEAT TRANSFER IN A FINNED NUCLEAR FUEL ELEMENT
Authors: Tito M. W. C. , Lira C. A. B. O. , Lima F. R. A. , Baliño J. L. 
Published: September 2018

To carry out sensitivity analysis on a finned surface, the differential perturbative method is applied in a heat conduction problem within a thermal system, made up of a onedimensional circumferential fin on a nuclear fuel element. The model is described by the temperature distribution equation and the further specific boundary conditions. The adjoint system is used to determine the sensitivity coefficients for the case of interest. Both, the direct model and the resultant equations of the perturbative formalism are solved. The convective heat flow rate of the fin and the average excess temperature were the response functionals studied. The half thickness, the thermal conductivity and heat transfer coefficients, and the excess temperature at the base of the fin were the parameters of interest for the sensitivity analysis. The results obtained through the perturbative method and the direct variation had, in a general form and within acceptable physical limits, good concordance and excellent representativeness for the analyzed cases. It evidences that the differential formalism is an important tool for the sensitivity analysis and also it validates the application of the methodology in heat transmission problems on extended surfaces. The method proves to be necessary and efficient while elaborating thermal engineering projects.
SUBSEA MULTIPHASE PUMPING SYSTEM X GAS LIFT: AN EXERGO-ECONOMIC COMPARISON
Authors: Nakashima C. Y. , Oliveira Jr. S. , Caetano E. F. 
Published: September 2018

This paper presents a methodology for an exergetic comparison between two artificial lift systems: a gas lift and a twin-screw multiphase pump system, and a standalone offshore platform. A software (Hysys.Process v2.1) was used to simulate an offshore platform with the artificial lift methods and calculate all properties (including exergy) of the material and energy streams. The twin-screw multiphase pump behavior was simulated with a thermodynamic model developed recently (NAKASHIMA (2000) and NAKASHIMA, OLIVEIRA and CAETANO (2002)). The operational conditions of the PETROBRAS 7- MRL-72D-RJS well operating with cited systems were predicted by an internal study conducted in PETROBRAS (BARUZZI et al. (2001a) and partially published in BARUZZI et al. (2001b)). The comparisons cover the range of 2000 to 2020, the same range adopted in the study. Results show that in general the production costs are lower when the multiphase pump is used. The main advantages of this method over the gas lift is the absence of material (gas) recycle and a better energy management.
ESTIMATION OF BALLISTIC PARAMETERS OF GUN PROPELLANTS THROUGH CLOSED VESSEL EXPERIMENT MODELING
Authors: De Oliveira J. L. S. P. , Filho A. A. M. F. , Platt G. M. , Peixoto F. C. 
Published: September 2018

Closed vessels have being used for the regression of lumped ballistic parameters for decades. However, if material and energy balances are coupled with burning rate empirical correlations, several uncorrelated parameters can be estimated, which describe more accurately the thermochemical behavior of the gases generated, even if the chemical composition of the propellant is unknown (as when the propellant is aged, for instance). This research presents such approach leading to a system of differential equations which are integrated to produce a theoretical pressure profile in the vessel, highly dependent on the choice of empirical parameters. Such parameters are manipulated according to the Maximum Likelihood statistical procedure, which leads to the best set of parameters to describe the propellant.
USING EXERGY LOSS PROFILES AND ENTHALPY-TEMPERATURE PROFILES FOR THE EVALUATION OF THERMODYNAMIC EFFICIENCY IN DISTILLATION COLUMNS
Authors: Faria S. H. B. , Zemp R. J. 
Published: September 2018

In this work the temperature-enthalpy profile and the exergy loss profile are used together to improve thermodynamic efficiency of distillation columns, by identifying possible benefits of using side exchangers. The method proposed is to compute the exergy loss profile and to analyse the distribution of the losses across the column stages. The present work aims at applying the stage-by-stage exergy analysis to the distillation of non-ideal mixtures, e.g. methanol/water. For these systems the use of thermodynamic excess properties is required: Gibbs free energy for phase equilibrium and enthalpy of solution for energy balance. Initial studies showed that the enthalpy of solution has a small effect on the overall energy balance of the distillation column, but a significant impact on the exergy loss profiles. Some profiles even showed a violation of the second law of thermodynamics, with entropy being destroyed on some stages, clearly indicating that a wrong approach to exergy calculation was being used.A model for exergy calculations of non-ideal solutions is presented. The exergy values so computed are then checked by a consistency test, using the reversible column profile. Finally, the exergy procedures are used to study a typical methanol/water distillation columns, where the exergy profiles are used to identify scope for intermediate heat exchange.
L’émergence de Sibyllines : une construction collective
Authors: Cadieux Alexandre 
Published: September 2018

Lorsque Brigitte Haentjens fonde Sibyllines en 1997, elle inaugure un nouvel espace de liberté artistique dont elle entend définir elle-même les règles et les orientations. L’étude de divers discours médiatiques – entrevues et critiques de spectacles parues dans la presse écrite francophone – consacrés aux spectacles Je ne sais plus qui je suis (1998) et Hamlet-machine (2001) permet de dégager les principales composantes esthétiques et philosophiques de cette entreprise dans les premières années de son existence, et ce, en comparant les points de vue de l’artiste, de ses collaboratrices et collaborateurs ainsi que des journalistes couvrant ces événements.
Les chambres fermées dans Malina
Authors: Laforce Esther 
Published: September 2018

Structurée autour de la figure de trois chambres – chambre à coucher, chambre du monstrueux et « chambre à soi » –, cette analyse de l’adaptation du roman Malina d’Ingeborg Bachmann réalisée par Brigitte Haentjens se déploie autour de deux enjeux importants : d’une part, celui du traumatisme lié aux horreurs perpétrées durant la Deuxième Guerre mondiale et, d’autre part, l’enjeu féministe, qui découle chez Bachmann du premier. Convoquant les écrits de Virginia Woolf et d’Elfriede Jelinek, l’étude propose différentes significations du lieu fermé rendu à la scène par Haentjens, dans lequel étouffe le personnage féminin central.
Colour vision of green turtle (Chelonia mydas) hatchlings: do they still prefer blue under water?
Authors: Hall Rebecca Jehne , Robson Simon K.A. , Ariel Ellen 
Published: September 2018

BackgroundSeveral anatomical studies provide evidence that green turtles (Chelonia mydas)possess the necessary anatomy for colour vision. Behavioural experiments have previously been conducted with newly emerged hatchlings, concluding that they are attracted to shorter wavelengths compared to longer wavelengths within a terrestrial environment, suggesting a possible attraction towards blue. This paper assessed the colour vision of hatchlings within an aquatic environment, and investigated whether the attraction for shorter wavelengths remains consistent within water, whether the colour saturation of the chromatic stimuli was an important factor, and whether rearing and testing individual animals in different coloured housing tanks has an impact on their visual choices.MethodsForty-one hatchling green turtles were presented with a three-choice experiment where food was attached to three different coloured plates. The plates (blue, yellow, and red) were randomly arranged in the turtle’s tank and four different colour saturations were tested (100, 75, 50, and 25%). Turtles were individually placed into their housing tanks (coloured either red, white, blue or grey) with three different colour plates in front of them, from the same saturation level. The colour of the plate with food first approached and bitten by the turtle was recorded.ResultsThe colour of the tank in which an individual was reared, and where experiments were conducted, significantly influenced which food item was selected on the different coloured plates. While individual turtles preferred to select the food items associated with blue plates across the entire experiment (66.1% of the time compared to 18.2% and 15.7% for yellow and red plates respectively), the preference for blue plates was influenced by the colour of the rearing/experimental tank. Individuals raised in red, white or blue tanks appeared to consistently prefer food on blue plates, but there appeared to be no plate colour preference by turtles in grey tanks. There was no significant effect of either colour saturation or the spatial arrangement of the three colours within an experimental tank on colour choice, and no significant interaction between tank colour and colour saturation.DiscussionThesefindings confirm that the terrestrial preference towards shorter wavelength colours, such as blue, compared to longer wavelength colours remains consistent within an aquatic environment. This preference for blue continues even as the colour saturation reduces from 100% down to 25%, and the colours become darker. Thus, it is suggested that green turtle hatchlings have a strong attraction towards blue. This attraction, however, is influenced by the colour of the tank the turtles were raised in. While this supports the notion that environmental colour may influence individual turtle visual capabilities, it suggests that this relationship is more complicated, and requires further investigation.
When nostalgia marketing backfires: Gender differences in the impact of nostalgia on youthfulness for older consumers
Authors: Kim Young Kyu , Yim Mark Yi‐Cheon 
Published: September 2018

SummaryTwo studies are conducted to test how consumers respond differently in feeling nostalgic depending on age and gender. Study 1 uses narrative writing tasks to empirically test the effect of nostalgic versus nonnostalgic feelings on youthfulness by age and gender. To increase the external validity of our findings in Study 1, Study 2 replicates it using print ads. The results across the two studies consistently reveal a significant effect of nostalgia on feelings of youthfulness that differs by age and gender. Specifically, older women tend to feel less youthful than older men when nostalgic feelings are induced in both studies, whereas younger adults experience no gender difference. Results also show that these differences are explained by self‐discontinuity between current and ideal body image. Furthermore, we identify that nostalgic feelings in advertising are effective because they generate positive feelings of youthfulness that in turn result in positive attitudes toward the ad.
Why Tin‐Doping Enhances the Efficiency of Hematite Photoanodes for Water Splitting—The Full Picture
Authors: Hufnagel Alexander G. , Hajiyani Hamidreza , Zhang Siyuan , Li Tong , Kasian Olga , Gault Baptiste , Breitbach Benjamin , Bein Thomas , Fattakhova‐Rohlfing Dina , Scheu Christina , Pentcheva Rossitza 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe beneficial effects of Sn(IV) as a dopant in ultrathin hematite (α‐Fe2O3) photoanodes for water oxidation are examined. Different Sn concentration profiles are prepared by alternating atomic layer deposition of Fe2O3 and SnO
x
. Combined data from spectrophotometry and intensity‐modulated photocurrent spectroscopy yields the individual process efficiencies for light harvesting, charge separation, and charge transfer. The best performing photoanodes are Sn‐doped both on the surface and in the subsurface region and benefit from enhanced charge separation and transfer. Sn‐doping throughout the bulk of the hematite photoanode causes segregation at the grain boundaries and hence a lower overall efficiency. Fe2O3 (0001) and terminations, shown to be dominant by microstructural analysis, are investigated by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The energetics of surface intermediates during the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) reveal that while Sn‐doping decreases the overpotential on the (0001) surface, the Fe2O3 orientation shows one of the lowest overpotentials reported for hematite so far. Electronic structure calculations demonstrate that Sn‐doping on the surface also enhances the charge transfer efficiency by elimination of surface hole trap states (passivation) and that subsurface Sn‐doping introduces a gradient of the band edges that reinforces the band bending at the semiconductor/electrolyte interface and thus boosts charge separation.
Understanding the Role of Functional Groups in Polymeric Binder for Electrochemical Carbon Dioxide Reduction on Gold Nanoparticles
Authors: Lee Ji Hoon , Kattel Shyam , Xie Zhenhua , Tackett Brian M. , Wang Jiajun , Liu Chang‐Jun , Chen Jingguang G. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractElectrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) is one of the promising strategies for converting CO2 to value‐added chemicals. Gold (Au) catalysts are considered to be the best benchmarking materials for CO2RR to produce CO. In this work, the role of different functional groups of polymeric binders on CO2RR over Au catalysts is systematically investigated by combined experimental measurements and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Especially, it is revealed that the functional groups can play a role in suppressing the undesired hydrogen evolution reaction, the main competing reaction against CO2RR, thus enabling more catalytic active sites to be available for CO2RR and enhancing the CO2RR activity. Consistent with the DFT prediction, fluorine (F)‐containing functional groups in the F‐rich polytetrafluoroethylene binder lead to a high Faradaic efficiency (≈94.7%) of CO production. This study suggests a new strategy by optimizing polymeric binders for the selective CO2RR.
Surface Electrochemical Stability and Strain‐Tunable Lithium Storage of Highly Flexible 2D Transition Metal Carbides
Authors: Chen Shu , Fu Zhongheng , Zhang Hang , Legut Dominik , Germann Timothy C. , Zhang Qianfan , Du Shiyu , Francisco Joseph S. , Zhang Ruifeng 
Published: September 2018

Abstract2D transition metal carbides and/or nitrides (MXenes) have attracted enormous attention because of their potential applications in energy storage, catalysis, and others. The control of surface terminations is generally believed to offer the potential preparation approaches to novel MXenes, while an external strain may provide solution to property modification. However, an atomistic understanding on the stabilization of surface complexity and the influence of strain on electrochemical properties of MXenes are scarce yet much demanded. Herein, taking Ti2CTn as a representative MXene, the thermodynamically favorable configurations are explored with a mixture of functional groups under various electrochemical environments. It predicts that five thermodynamically preferable Ti2CTn terminated by O and F cofunctionalized groups are discovered, all of which show excellent mechanical flexibility and strength that appear a decreasing trend as increasing F/O ratio. Further investigations on strain‐controllable Li‐transport of these cofunctionalized Ti2CT2 indicate that a mixture of surface terminations decreases the diffusion barriers, while the uniaxial strain modifies the diffusion pathways of Li atom owing to asymmetrical surface geometry and electronic polarization. These findings provide a view on the modification of properties by controlling surface complexity, demonstrating effective pathways in designing MXenes by electrochemical approach and tuning electrochemical property by strains.