bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reductive Molybdenum‐Catalyzed Direct Amination of Boronic Acids with Nitro Compounds
Authors: Suárez‐Pantiga Samuel , Hernández‐Ruiz Raquel , Virumbrales Cintia , Pedrosa María R. , Sanz Roberto 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe synthesis of aromatic amines is of utmost importance in a wide range of chemical contexts. We report a direct amination of boronic acids with nitro compounds to yield (hetero)aryl amines. The novel combination of a dioxomolybdenum(VI) catalyst and triphenylphosphine as inexpensive reductant has revealed to be decisive to achieve this new C−N coupling. Our methodology has proven to be scalable, air and moisture tolerant, highly chemoselective and engages both aliphatic and aromatic nitro compounds. Moreover, this general and step‐economical synthesis of aromatic secondary amines showcases orthogonality to other aromatic amine syntheses as it tolerates aryl halides and carbonyl compounds.
Base‐Mediated Defluorosilylation of C(sp2)−F and C(sp3)−F Bonds
Authors: Liu Xiang‐Wei , Zarate Cayetana , Martin Ruben 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe ability to selectively forge C–heteroatom bonds by C−F scission is typically accomplished by metal catalysts, specialized ligands and/or harsh reaction conditions. Described herein is a base‐mediated defluorosilylation of unactivated C(sp2)−F and C(sp3)−F bonds that obviates the need for metal catalysts. This protocol is characterized by its simplicity, mild reaction conditions, and wide scope, even within the context of late‐stage functionalization, constituting a complementary approach to existing C−Si bond‐forming protocols.
Colloidal Synthesis and Charge‐Carrier Dynamics of Cs2AgSb1−yBiyX6 (X: Br, Cl; 0 ≤y ≤1) Double Perovskite Nanocrystals
Authors: Yang Bin , Hong Feng , Chen Junsheng , Tang Yuxuan , Yang Li , Sang Youbao , Xia Xusheng , Guo Jingwei , He Haixiang , Yang Songqiu , Deng Weiqiao , Han Keli 
Published: December 2018

AbstractA series of lead‐free double perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) Cs2AgSb1−yBiyX6 (X: Br, Cl; 0≤y≤1) is synthesized. In particular, the Cs2AgSbBr6 NCs is a new double perovskite material that has not been reported for the bulk form. Mixed Ag–Sb/Bi NCs exhibit enhanced stability in colloidal solution compared to Ag–Bi or Ag–Sb NCs. Femtosecond transient absorption studies indicate the presence of two prominent fast trapping processes in the charge‐carrier relaxation. The two fast trapping processes are dominated by intrinsic self‐trapping (ca. 1–2 ps) arising from giant exciton–phonon coupling and surface‐defect trapping (ca. 50–100 ps). Slow hot‐carrier relaxation is observed at high pump fluence, and the possible mechanisms for the slow hot‐carrier relaxation are also discussed.
Bidentate Boron Lewis Acids: Selectivity in Host–Guest Complex Formation
Authors: Niermeier Philipp , Blomeyer Sebastian , Bejaoui Younes K. J. , Beckmann J. Louis , Neumann Beate , Stammler Hans‐Georg , Mitzel Norbert W. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBidentate boron Lewis acids based on 1,8‐diethynylanthracene were synthesised in two steps by initial stannylation of the terminal alkynes and subsequent tin–boron exchange with different chloroboranes. The reactions were very selective, and the target compounds were obtained in high purity and good to excellent yields. Complexation experiments of 1,8‐bis[(diphenylboranyl)ethynyl]anthracene with nitrogen bases (pyridine, pyrimidine, TMEDA) afforded three stable adducts, which were structurally characterised by X‐ray diffraction. Competition experiments demonstrated the selective exchange of guests, and quantum‐chemical calculations provided information on their energetics. NMR experiments at low temperature gave insight into the dynamic behaviour of the TMEDA adduct.
Cyclodextrin‐modified polycarboxylate superplasticizers as dispersant agents for multiwalled carbon nanotubes
Authors: Meng Yeyun , Liao Bing , Pang Hao , Zhang Jingfei , Song Lingxia 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACTA new type poly(AA‐co‐β‐CD‐A‐co‐TPEG) (PACD) copolymer was prepared by the copolymerization of a novel monovinyl β‐cyclodextrin monomer (β‐CD‐A), acrylic acid, and isoprenyl oxy poly(ethylene glycol) (TPEG‐2400). This copolymer could be used as dispersant for multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), which exhibit an excellent dispersion ability. This study mainly investigated the dispersing behavior of the PACD as well as the best ratio between these dispersants and MWCNTs. Transmission electron microscopy was employed to observe the morphology of the dispersed of MWCNTs. ultraviolet–visible–near infrared spectra were utilized to determine the dispersion of MWCNTs and the optimum concentration of PACD. It was found that the polycarboxylate superplasticizer decreased MWCNTs aggregative tendency in water but not as well as PACD. Moreover, the optimum mass ratio of the PACD to the MWCNTs is 5:1. In addition, the effect of PACD on the dispersion ability of MWCNTs was evaluated in cement samples. Our results indicated that MWCNTs could still disperse well with the help of PACD even with the presence of cement. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci.2019,136, 47311.
Preparation of anion exchange membranes based on pyridine functionalized poly(vinyl alcohol) crosslinked by 1,4‐dichlorobutane
Authors: Han Xu , Wang Jilin , Wang Lulu 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACTA series of anion exchange membranes [pyridine functionalized‐poly(vinyl alcohol)‐1,4‐dichlorobutane (PVA‐PY‐DLx)] were synthesized by using PVA‐PY as polymer matrix and DL as crosslinker and iodomethane as quaternization reagent. During the experiment, pyridine groups grafted on PVA were transformed into quaternary ammonium group during the formation process of the crosslinked structure and the quaternization routine by iodomethane. The characterization results revealed that the PVA‐PY‐DLx membranes have been successfully prepared and the crystallinity increases with increase of DL. PVA‐PY‐DLx membranes have smooth and uniform morphology. The introduction of crosslinked structure improves the mechanical properties and dimensional stability of the PVA‐PY‐DLx membrane, enhances the alkali resistance. When the mass content of DL was 4.0%, composite membrane had the maximum tensile strength (44.2 MPa), and the OH− conductivity reaches 1.05 × 10−2 S cm−1 at 70 °C. The accelerated aging experiment was carried out in 3 mol L−1 potassium hydroxide (KOH) solution for 120 h at 80 °C, which revealed that the anionic conductivity of PVA‐PY‐DL4.0 membrane retains 79.6% of its initial conductivity, showing better stability of alkali stability. Methanol permeability of PVA‐PY‐DLx membranes was only the 0.37–0.72% of the Nafion‐117 membrane in 3 mol L−1 methanol at 60 °C. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47395.
Numerical/experimental assessment of 3D‐printed shape‐memory polymeric beams
Authors: Feng Y. C. , Bodaghi M. , Liao W. H. 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACTThe main objective of this article is to present different computational tools to replicate thermomechanical shape‐memory responses of beam‐like structures fabricated by three‐dimensional (3D) printing technology. To simulate thermomechanical behaviors of shape‐memory polymer (SMP) beams, one‐dimensional (1D) finite element model (FEM) building with MATLAB and 3D FEM by means of COMSOL Multiphysics are established. All governing equations are developed based on a 3D thermomechanical SMP constitutive model. 1D FEM is derived on the basis of the Euler–Bernoulli beam theory and linear geometrical assumption. The 3D SMP constitutive model is implemented into geometrically nonlinear COMSOL Multiphysics software through a user‐defined material subroutine to provide a powerful 3D simulation tool. Comparative studies on FEMs of MATLAB and COMSOL Multiphysics reveal that geometrically linear assumption is appropriate for models in large/small deformation under tension/bending. 1D analytical solution for deflection of an SMP beam employing Euler–Bernoulli beam theory is also developed. An experiment is conducted to demonstrate a full shape‐memory cycle of SMPs. It is experimentally shown that a 3D‐printed beam recovers the deformation incurred by external loads upon heating over the transition temperature. The accuracy of the 3D FEM in COMSOL Multiphysics is checked with analytical solutions and experimental data. It is found that simulation results of the program are in good agreement with characteristics observed in the experiment and analytical solutions. The developed computational tools are expected to be instrumental in the design of simple/complicated SMP structures. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47422.
A systematic review and meta‐regression analysis of social functioning correlates in autism and typical development
Authors: Bottema‐Beutel Kristen , Kim So Yoon , Crowley Shannon 
Published: December 2018

Differences in social functioning are a hallmark feature of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and much research has been devoted to locating cognitive and developmental explanations for this domain. To sort through this literature, we conducted a systematic review and meta‐analysis that quantifies the extent to which several of these candidate constructs are associated with social functioning. We gathered 881 effect sizes calculated from 133 unique participant samples, and synthesized Pearson's r correlations between social functioning and three cognitive constructs; (a) theory of mind (ToM), (b) executive function, and (c) central coherence, and five developmental constructs: (d) initiating joint attention, (e) responding to joint attention, (f) imitation, (g) pretend play, and (h) visual fixation to social stimuli. We synthesized effect sizes using robust variance estimation for each putative correlate, for populations with ASD and typical development (TD) separately. We also conducted a series of meta‐regressions to determine if sample and study features moderated effect sizes. We found that, in the ASD group, effect size estimates were significant and small (<0.30) for ToM, executive function, and initiating joint attention. Effect size estimates were significant and moderate (0.30 < r < 0.50) for imitation and response to joint attention. In the TD group, effect size estimates for ToM, executive function, and initiating joint attention were significant and small. In a meta‐regression collapsed across correlates, we found that effect sizes were significantly larger in the ASD group (P < 0.05) and decreased as mental age increased (P < 0.001). Autism Res 2019, 12: 152–175 © 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Lay SummaryIn this meta‐analysis, we found that correlations between social functioning and several constructs used to explain the developmental or cognitive origins of social functioning were quite low. This could mean that researchers will need to develop new theories about social functioning in ASD.
Effect of biotin supplementation on fatty acid metabolic pathways in 3T3‐L1 adipocytes
Authors: Moreno‐Méndez Ericka , Hernández‐Vázquez Alain , Fernández‐Mejía Cristina 
Published: December 2018

AbstractSeveral studies have shown that pharmacological concentrations of biotin decrease serum lipid concentrations and the expression of lipogenic genes. Previous studies on epididymal adipose tissue in mice revealed that 8 weeks of dietary biotin supplementation increased the protein abundance of the active form of AMPK and the inactive forms acetyl CoA carboxylase (ACC)‐1 and − 2, and decreased serum free fatty acid concentrations but did not affect lipolysis. These data suggest that pharmacological concentrations of the vitamin might affect fatty acid metabolism. In this work, we investigated the effects of pharmacological biotin concentrations on fatty acid synthesis, oxidation, and uptake in 3T3‐L1 adipocytes. Similar to observations in mice, biotin‐supplemented 3T3‐L1 adipose cells increased the protein abundance of active T172‐AMPK and inactive ACC‐1 and ‐2 forms. No changes were observed in the expression of the transcriptional factor PPARα and carnitine‐palmitoyltransferase‐1 (CPT‐1). Radiolabeled assays indicated a decrease in fatty acid synthesis; an increase in fatty acid oxidation and fatty acid incorporation rate into the lipid fraction between control cells and biotin‐supplemented cells. The data revealed an increase in the mRNA abundance of the fatty acid transport proteins Fatp1 and Acsl1 but not Cd36 or Fatp4 mRNA. Furthermore, the abundance of glycerol phosphate acyl transferase‐3 protein was increased. Triglyceride content was not affected. Lipid droplet numbers showed an increase and their areas were smaller in the biotin‐supplemented group. In conclusion, these data indicate that biotin supplementation causes a decrease in fatty acid synthesis and an increase in its oxidation and uptake. © 2018 BioFactors, 45(2):259–270, 2019
Low prevalence of anti‐xenobiotic antibodies among the occupationally exposed individuals is associated with a high risk of cancer
Authors: Sajid Mohammad , Agrewala Javed N. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractCancer is one of the major health problem globally, responsible for high morbidity and mortality. Exposure of humans to xenobiotics is associated with the development of cancer. Further, these xenobiotics may combine with the body proteins and can act as a hapten and elicit an antibody response. In this study, we examined whether the regular exposer to xenobiotics evokes anti‐xenobiotic antibodies and the presence of these antibodies have any correlation with the prevention of cancer. Interestingly, we noticed that the healthy household contacts showed significantly greater titers of anti‐xenobiotic antibodies, as compared to cancer patients. Consequently, suggesting that the higher level of anti‐xenobiotic antibodies may be responsible for neutralizing the effect of xenobiotics in the healthy subjects. Thereby, preventing the individuals from disease. In contrast, the presence of a significantly lower level of anti‐xenobiotic antibodies in the cancer patients may be a causative factor for disease infliction. In conclusion, immunotherapy employing anti‐xenobiotic antibodies may provide a prudent remedial measure to clear xenobiotics from the body of the individuals and thereby protecting from cancer.
Lung cancer costs by treatment strategy and phase of care among patients enrolled in Medicare
Authors: Sheehan Deirdre F. , Criss Steven D. , Chen Yufan , Eckel Andrew , Palazzo Lauren , Tramontano Angela C. , Hur Chin , Cipriano Lauren E. , Kong Chung Yin 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBackgroundWe studied trends in lung cancer treatment cost over time by phase of care, treatment strategy, age, stage at diagnosis, and histology.MethodsUsing the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER)‐Medicare database for years 1998‐2013, we allocated total and patient‐liability costs into the following phases of care for 145 988 lung cancer patients: prediagnosis, staging, surgery, initial, continuing, and terminal. Patients served as self‐controls to determine cancer‐attributable costs based on individual precancer diagnosis healthcare costs. We fit linear regression models to determine cost by age and calendar year for each stage at diagnosis, histology, and treatment strategy and presented all costs in 2017 US dollars.ResultsMonthly healthcare costs prior to lung cancer diagnosis were $861 for a 70 years old in 2017 and rose by an average of $17 per year (P < 0.001). Surgery in 2017 cost $30 096, decreasing by $257 per year (P = 0.007). Chemotherapy and radiation costs remained stable or increased for most stage and histology groups, ranging from $4242 to $8287 per month during the initial six months of care. Costs during the final six months of life decreased for those who died of lung cancer or other causes.ConclusionsCost‐effectiveness analyses of lung cancer control interventions in the United States have been using outdated and incomplete treatment cost estimates. Our cost estimates enable updated cost‐effectiveness analyses to determine the benefit of lung cancer control from a health economics point of view.
LRP8 is overexpressed in estrogen‐negative breast cancers and a potential target for these tumors
Authors: Maire Virginie , Mahmood Faisal , Rigaill Guillem , Ye Mengliang , Brisson Amélie , Némati Fariba , Gentien David , Tucker Gordon C. , Roman‐Roman Sergio , Dubois Thierry 
Published: December 2018

AbstractTriple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the breast cancer subtype with the worst prognosis. New treatments improving the survival of TNBC patients are, therefore, urgently required. We performed a transcriptome microarray analysis to identify new treatment targets for TNBC. We found that low‐density lipoprotein receptor‐related protein 8 (LRP8) was more strongly expressed in estrogen receptor‐negative breast tumors, including TNBCs and those overexpressing HER2, than in luminal breast tumors and normal breast tissues. LRP8 depletion decreased cell proliferation more efficiently in estrogen receptor‐negative breast cancer cell lines: TNBC and HER2 overexpressing cell lines. We next focused on TNBC cells for which targeted therapies are not available. LRP8 depletion induced an arrest of the cell cycle progression in G1 phase and programmed cell death. We also found that LRP8 is required for anchorage‐independent growth in vitro, and that its depletion in vivo slowed tumor growth in a xenograft model. Our findings suggest that new approaches targeting LRP8 may constitute promising treatments for hormone‐negative breast cancers, those overexpressing HER2 and TNBCs.
The association between methylation patterns of DNAH17 and clinicopathological factors in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Fan Xiaoxiao , Guo Hongbin , Dai Binghua , He Lifeng , Zhou Daizhan , Lin Hui 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBackgroundHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a malignancy with poor prognosis. Complex genetic and epigenetic alterations are the two primary causes of HCC. The aim of the study was mainly to explore the correlation between the methylation status of DNAH17 and HCC.MethodsWe evaluated the methylation levels of DNAH17 in 163 HCC samples and their paired normal tissue using Sequenom EpiTYPER assays and performed the TaqMan copy number assay to assess the copy number status of DNAH17 in HCC samples.ResultsThe mean methylation levels were significantly decreased in the tumor tissues compared to the paired normal tissues in both selected regions of DNAH17 (amplicon 1:58.7% vs 84.5%, P < 0.0001; amplicon 2:69.9% vs 84.5%, P = 0.0060). Contrarily，both RNA‐seq and immunohistochemistry indicated the expression of DNAH17 was increased in tumor tissues (P < 0.05). DNMT inhibitor decitabine treatment could increase the expression of DNAH17 in HCC cell lines. DNAH17 gene amplification always companied with hypomethylation status. Moreover, hypomethylation status was associated with several clinical characteristics, such as male patients, higher AFP values, higher age of onset, fibrous capsules, tumor necrosis, liver cirrhosis, and tumor thrombus (P < 0.05). Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve analysis demonstrated the methylation levels of DNAH17 could efficiently predict the existence of the fibrous capsule (AUC = 0.695) and tumor thrombus (AUC = 0.806).ConclusionsThese findings suggested that aberrant methylation of DNAH17 was associated with comprehensive HCC clinicopathological factors and could be a promising biomarker for tumor thrombosis in HCC patients.
GCNT2 induces epithelial‐mesenchymal transition and promotes migration and invasion in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cells
Authors: Peng Fei , He Qi , Cheng Chao , Pan Jingxuan 
Published: December 2018

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most common cancers in the world. The prognosis of patients with ESCC is dismal with a 5‐year survival of about 15%. Thus, identification of novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for ESCC patients is urgently needed. Here, we found that manipulation of I‐branching N‐acetylglucosaminyltransferase (GCNT2) expression had no effect on cell proliferation. Notably, overexpression of GCNT2 promoted the migration and invasion, and this effect was associated with increased expression of N‐cadherin and vimentin and decreased expression of E‐cadherin in KYSE30 and EC9706 cells. Knockdown of GCNT2 decreased the expression of N‐cadherin and vimentin, increased the expression of E‐cadherin, and inhibited the migration and invasion in KYSE150 and EC109 cells. The expression of GCNT2 was significantly higher in tumour tissues than in paratumour tissues through tissue microarray analysis. More importantly, overall survival was significantly lower in patients with high GCNT2 expression than those with low GCNT2 expression. Collectively, our findings establish GCNT2 as a novel regulator of epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) and a candidate prognostic indicator of outcome in ESCC patients.Significance of the studyOur study suggested that GCNT2 was highly expressed in patients with ESCC and predicted adverse outcome. Overexpression of GCNT2 induces EMT and promotes migration and invasion in ESCC cells. Therefore, GCNT2 may act as a candidate prognostic indicator of outcome and a novel target in ESCC patients.
N‐Methylcaprolactam as a Dipolar Aprotic Solvent for Iron‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling Reactions: Matching Efficiency with Safer Reaction Media
Authors: Bisz Elwira , Podchorodecka Pamela , Szostak Michal 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAlthough iron‐catalysis provides a powerful alternative to the more conventional palladium and nickel in the cross‐coupling arena, the major limitation is the necessity for carcinogenic N‐methylpyrrolidone as a co‐solvent in the vast majority of catalytic reactions. Herein, we introduce N‐methylcaprolactam as an efficient, non‐toxic and practical dipolar aprotic solvent for iron‐catalyzed C(sp2)−C(sp3) alkylative cross‐coupling of aryl chlorides and tosylates. The utility of this method is reflected by its wide substrate scope, high yields and capacity to cross‐couple challenging alkyl organometallics prone to b‐hydride elimination and homocoupling. Considering the broad utility of iron‐catalyzed cross‐coupling, we envision that N‐methylcaprolactam will find wide application as a substitute for carcinogenic NMP.
Amphiphilic Biopolyester‐Carbon Nanotube Anode Enhances Electrochemical Activities of Microbial Fuel Cell
Authors: Yusuf Hindatu , Annuar Mohamad Suffian Mohamad , Subramaniam Ramesh , Gumel Ahmad Mohammed 
Published: December 2018

AbstractHydrophobic bacterial polyhydroxyalkanoates were rendered amphiphilic by grafting with poly(ethylene glycol) methacrylate, followed by compositing with carbon nanotubes. The polymer graft composite as an anode material encouraged superior biofilm surface growth; thus enhancing electrochemical activities in microbial fuel cells and resulting in higher current and power densities. The internal resistance of the cell was greatly reduced due to improved electron transfer from the biofilm to the anode.