bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultrasonographic Assessment of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Severity
Authors: Roomizadeh Peyman , Eftekharsadat Bina , Abedini Amin , Ranjbar-kiyakalayeh Sepideh , Yousefi Naseh , Ebadi Safoora , Babaei-Ghazani Arash 
Published: December 2018

Objective
The aim of the study was to investigate the overall estimates of cross-sectional areas of the median nerve measured by ultrasonography in accordance with the electrodiagnostic classification of carpal tunnel syndrome severity.

Design
MEDLINE (PubMed), Embase (Ovid), and Web of Science were searched for studies reporting the median nerve cross-sectional area measured by ultrasonography for mild, moderate, and severe carpal tunnel syndrome based on electrodiagnostic study. Cross-sectional area values measured at the carpal tunnel inlet were included in the analyses.

Results
Overall, 866 citations were retrieved and checked for eligibility. Finally, 16 articles were included for meta-analysis. These studies included a total sample of 2292 wrists including 776 mild, 823 moderate, and 693 severe carpal tunnel syndrome. The pooled analysis revealed a mean cross-sectional area of 11.64 mm2 (95% confidence interval = 11.23–12.05 mm2, P < 0.001) for mild carpal tunnel syndrome, a mean cross-sectional area of 13.74 mm2 (95% confidence interval = 12.59–14.89 mm2, P < 0.001) for moderate carpal tunnel syndrome, and a mean cross-sectional area of 16.80 mm2 (95% confidence interval = 14.50–19.1 mm2, P < 0.001) for severe carpal tunnel syndrome.

Conclusions
This is the first meta-analysis that provides the pooled median nerve cross-sectional area values in accordance with the electrodiagnostic classification of carpal tunnel syndrome severity. The values obtained in this study have clinical utility in ultrasonographic assessment of patients with carpal tunnel syndrome.
Strength Reduction in Unilateral Shoulder Pain
Authors: Sansone Valerio , Maiorano Emanuele , Applefield Rachel C. , Gandola Martina , Negrini Francesco 
Published: December 2018

Objective
The primary aim was to ascertain whether unilateral shoulder pain is implicated in strength reduction both on the ipsilateral and contralateral side. Secondarily, we aimed to determine whether strength was affected by sonographic tendon abnormalities.

Design
A total of 122 subjects were evaluated. Sixty-six female subjects with unilateral shoulder pain in the dominant arm were recruited. Abduction strength was measured in both the dominant and nondominant arm. High-resolution ultrasonography was also conducted on both shoulders. A match-paired control group (n = 66) composed of healthy volunteers underwent the same strength and sonography tests. Subjects with any radiographic anomaly were excluded from the control group. A mixed analysis of variance was performed to test the effect of unilateral shoulder pain on abduction strength. The effect of tendinopathy on shoulder strength was investigated using a mixed 2 × 2 analysis of variance.

Results
Analysis of variance showed that patients with dominant shoulder pain had lower shoulder strength (11.65 ± 4.05 kg) when compared with controls (14.37 ± 4.00 kg; F = 10.454, P = 0.002). No statistically significant effects were found when comparing subjects with and without tendinopathy among the study group.

Conclusions
In patients with unilateral shoulder pain, abduction strength was found to be lower both on the ipsilateral and contralateral side. The presence of tendinopathy did not affect the reduction in strength. Future research is needed to substantiate these findings.
Altered Brain Structure and Functional Connectivity and Its Relation to Pain Perception in Girls With Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Authors: Bhatt Ravi R. , Gupta Arpana , Labus Jennifer S. , Zeltzer Lonnie K. , Tsao Jennie C. , Shulman Robert J. , Tillisch Kirsten 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACT

Objective
Imaging studies in adults with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) have shown both morphological and resting state (RS) functional connectivity (FC) alterations related to cortical modulation of sensory processing. Because analogous differences have not been adequately investigated in children, this study compared gray matter volume (GMV) and RS-FC between girls with IBS and healthy controls (HC) and tested the correlation between brain metrics and laboratory-based pain thresholds (Pth).

Methods
Girls with Rome III criteria IBS (n = 32) and matched HCs (n = 26) were recruited. In a subset of patients, Pth were determined using a thermode to the forearm. Structural and RS scans were acquired. A voxel-based general linear model, adjusting for age, was applied to compare differences between groups. Seeds were selected from regions with group GMV differences for a seed-to-voxel whole brain RS-FC analysis. Significance for analyses was considered at p < .05 after controlling for false discovery rate. Significant group differences were correlated with Pth.

Results
Girls with IBS had lower GMV in the thalamus, caudate nucleus, nucleus accumbens, anterior midcingulate (aMCC), and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. They also exhibited lower RS-FC between the aMCC and the precuneus, but greater connectivity between the caudate nucleus and precentral gyrus. Girls with IBS had higher Pth with a moderate effect size (t
(22.81) = 1.63, p = .12, d = 0.64) and lower thalamic GMV bilaterally was correlated with higher Pth (left: r = −.62, p
(FDR) = .008; right: r = −.51, p
(FDR) = .08).

Conclusions
Girls with IBS had lower GMV in the PFC, basal ganglia, and aMCC, as well as altered FC between multiple brain networks, suggesting that structural changes related to IBS occur early in brain development. Girls with IBS also showed altered relationships between pain sensitivity and brain structure.
Coping, Mood, Quality of Life, and Outcomes in Recipients of Left Ventricular Assist Devices: A Cluster Analysis
Authors: Modica Maddalena , Minotti Anna , De Maria Renata , Scaglione Anna , Bordoni Bruno , Cipriani Manlio , Russo Claudio , Racca Vittorio , Ferratini Maurizio 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACT

Objective
Left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) are increasingly used for temporary circulatory support until transplant or as destination therapy for patients with end-stage heart failure. Understanding patients' attitudes and resources is crucial to support them.

Methods
Sixty-one LVAD recipients (55 [10] years, 10% women, 15% destination therapy) participating in cardiac rehabilitation (CR) postimplant underwent assessment of coping styles (Coping Orientation for Problem Experiences), quality of life (Medical Outcomes Study Short-Form 36, Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire), and mood (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale).

Results
Cluster analysis identified two homogeneous groups: C1 (n = 18) patients had higher anxiety (9.6 [5.0] versus 4.0 [2.7], p < .001), depression (10 [3.0] versus 4 [2.7], p < .001), and avoidant coping (29 [5.2] versus 21.2 [3.8], p < .001) scores and worse quality of life (Short-Form 36 of the Medical Outcomes Study Physical Component Scale 31 [5.3] versus 35.6 [6.9], p < .001; Mental Component Scale 34.3 [6.8] versus 50.3 [8], p < .001; MLHFQ physical 26 [7.2] versus 13.9 [8.2], p < .001; emotional 17.7 [3.4] versus 3.86 [3.2], p < .001) than C2 participants (n = 43). During 31 (15–54) months, 20 patients (33%) died. By Cox multivariable analysis, after adjustment for age, sex, Interagency Registry for Mechanically Assisted Circulatory Support level at surgery, and meters walked during 6 minutes at CR discharge, C1 was associated with mortality (hazard ratio = 2.858; 95% confidence interval = 1.102–7.408, p = .031; model χ2 = 7.286, df = 5, p = .20). Survival was 44% in C1 and 77% in C2 (log-rank p = .033).

Conclusions
Among patients discharged from CR after LVAD implant, one third show a profile characterized by worse perceived quality of life, mood disorders, and dysfunctional coping that is associated with long-term mortality, and these factors are potential targets for post-LVAD intensive support.
Incidental Finding of Intrathyroid Metastases of Prostatic Cancer on 18F-Choline PET/CT
Authors: Vija Racaru Lavinia , Gabiache Erwan , Fontaine Sebastien , D'Aure Dominique , Mourey Loic , Courbon Frederic , Zerdoud Slimane 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
An 85-year-old man with a 2-year history of prostate cancer, treated with radiotherapy and hormonal therapy, presented increased prostatic-specific antigen levels. 18F-choline PET/CT showed focal prostatic uptake consistent with known local recurrence, increased uptake of 2 hypodense thyroid nodules and of 2 left cervical lymph nodes, suspected as thyroid cancer. Neck ultrasound confirmed the high risk of malignancy, and a guided biopsy (of a thyroid nodule and cervical lymph node) revealed cellular infiltrates thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1) negative and prostatic-specific antigen positive, confirming intrathyroid and cervical lymph node metastases of prostate cancer. PET/CT changed the disease staging. Chemotherapy was initiated.
Primary Diffuse Leptomeningeal Melanomatosis of Spine
Authors: Ayan Asli , Akbulut Aylin , Deveci Guzin , Koca Gokhan 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Primary diffuse leptomeningeal melanomatosis is a rare variant of malignant melanoma of the central nervous system, arising from melanocytes of leptomeninges. It may involve leptomeninges and may invade brain superficially. The diagnosis of the disease with conventional imaging techniques is quite difficult. This case demonstrates the 18F-FDG uptake of primary diffuse leptomeningeal melanomatosis matching with MRI contrast enhancement regions particularly in the lower thoracic and superior lumbar region.
Juvenile Nasal Angiofibroma on 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT
Authors: Sakthivel Pirabu , Prashanth Arun , Thakar Alok , Kumar Rajeev , Kumar Rakesh 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
The prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is highly expressed in prostatic cancer. However, PSMA expression is also noted in various benign and malignant nonprostatic neoplasms in the endothelial cells of tumor-associated neovasculature. We performed 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT in a 14-year-old boy with juvenile nasal angiofibroma (JNA) to explore its theranostic potential. The scan revealed high uptake in the lesion. Performance of PSMA PET/CT in JNA opens up new frontiers with respect to radiological staging, early recurrence identification, and perhaps even radioligand therapy of residual/recurrent JNAs in the future.
Subacute Venous Infarct Mimicking Cerebral Metastasis in 18F-FDG PET/CT
Authors: Gündoğan Cihan , Yardimci Aytül Hande , Güneş Burçak Yilmaz , Çermik Tevfik Fikret 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
A 68-year-old woman with colon carcinoma was referred to 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging for staging. In addition to primary tumor involvement, PET/CT demonstrated focal FDG uptake in the right temporal lobe suggestive of primary brain tumor or metastasis. To delineate the lesion, a brain MRI scan showed sigmoid sinus thrombosis and vasogenic edema in the right temporal lobe. The patient presented a history of right-sided headache that began 1 week before the PET/CT. Neurological examination and MRI findings were concluded as subacute venous infarct due to sigmoid sinus thrombosis and that is a potential cause for false-positive FDG uptake on PET/CT.
Pretreatment Tumor 18F-FDG Uptake Improves Risk Stratification Beyond RECIST 1.1 in Patients With Advanced Nonsquamous Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Moon Seung Hwan , Sun Jong-Mu , Ahn Jin Seok , Park Keunchil , Ahn Myung-Ju , Choi Joon Young 
Published: December 2018

Purpose
This study investigated the prognostic role of tumor 18F-FDG uptake on pretreatment scans as an independent indicator and whether its addition improves risk prediction from Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors Version 1.1 (RECIST 1.1).

Methods
We measured the SUVmax of the most 18F-FDG–avid tumor lesions on pretreatment scans from 222 patients (age, 60.5 ± 9.5 years; males, 55.2%) with advanced nonsquamous non–small-cell lung cancer who were enrolled in a prospective phase II clinical trial. We then examined the prognostic value of SUVmax compared with other clinical factors, including chemotherapy response according to RECIST 1.1 criteria.

Results
A multivariable Cox proportional hazards model revealed that an SUVmax greater than 16.3 was an independent predictor of poor progression-free survival (hazards ratio, 3.50; 95% confidence interval, 1.89–6.51; P < 0.000) and overall survival (hazards ratio, 6.87; 95% confidence interval, 2.51–18.76; P < 0.000), whereas RECIST 1.1 did not show a significant association with any survival outcome. Furthermore, improvement was achieved by adding SUVmax to RECIST 1.1, which increased the net reclassification index (27.4%; P = 0.046) and integrated discrimination improvement (integrated discrimination improvement, 10.6%; P = 0.026). Similarly, adding RECIST 1.1 to SUVmax also improved net reclassification index (68.9%, P = 0.006) and integrated discrimination improvement (25.4%, P = 0.006) for prognosis prediction.

Conclusions
High tumor 18F-FDG uptake on a pretreatment scan is an independent prognostic indicator that can significantly improve risk stratification when added to RECIST 1.1 for patients with advanced nonsquamous non–small-cell lung cancer.
Unusual Focal Muscle FDG Activity Related to Altered Biomechanics
Authors: Gillis Eleanor , Wen Zhe , Zhuang Hongming 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
A 20 year old man suffered severe right knee pain, especially when his right foot touched ground. The MRI findings suggested periosteal osteosarcoma, which led to a staging FDG PET/CT. The images showed not only a hypermetabolic right knee lesion but also focally elevated activity in select muscles, which was attributed to altered biomechanics. The resected lesion was pathologically proven as periosteal chondrosarcoma instead of periosteal osteosarcoma. In a follow-up period of 4 years after the surgery, there was no recurrent disease, nor any abnormality in the muscles which showed focal FDG activity on the initial FDG PET/CT.
Small Primary Cutaneous γδT-Cell Lymphoma Lesions Successfully Treated With Pralatrexate
Authors: Imataki Osamu , Uchida Shumpei , Yokokura Shigeyuki , Uemura Makiko , Kadowaki Norimitsu 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Here we report on the treatment of a 38-year-old woman with primary cutaneous γδT-cell lymphoma, which is a rare subset of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. She presented with multiple subtle subcutaneous nodules, which were not clearly observed on computed tomography scans or after biopsy. However, 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (18F-FDG-PET) accurately detected small cutaneous lesions. She achieved a second complete remission, as demonstrated by 18F-FDG-PET performed after pralatrexate infusion.
PET/CT and MR Features of Infiltrating Spinal Angiolipoma
Authors: Shen Guohua , Su Minggang , Kuang Anren 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Spinal angiolipomas are benign tumors predominantly found in the epidural space. Infiltrating spinal angiolipoma is an extremely rare type, which tends to invade the surrounding tissue and may mimic an aggressive tumor. Herein, we reported the case of a 64-year-old woman with a thoracic angiolipoma involving the T9 vertebral body and its appendix. The lesion showed long T1 and T2 signal intensity on MRI and slightly increased FDG uptake on PET/CT. After surgery, the pathologic examination demonstrated features consistent with angiolipoma, and the patient was free of symptoms.
A Pictorial Review of Sonography of Intramammary Lymph Nodes
Authors: Hudspeth Tessa N. , Shin Kyungmin , Babiera Gildy V. , Krishnamurthy Savitri , Woodtichartpreecha Piyanoot , Karbasian Niloofar , Whitman Gary J. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
This pictorial essay reviews and illustrates benign and malignant features of intramammary lymph nodes on mammography, ultrasound, and magnetic resonance imaging, including a review of the clinical and the prognostic significance in patients with known breast cancer. This pictorial essay discusses management suggestions for intramammary lymph nodes in patients with breast cancer.
A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Functional Shoulder Impairment After Latissimus Dorsi Breast Reconstruction
Authors: Steffenssen Mia C. W. , Kristiansen Ann-Louise H. , Damsgaard Tine E. 
Published: December 2018

PurposeThe latissimus dorsi flap (LDF) is a very reliable flap and may be used for a multitude of reconstructive purposes. It is widely used for breast reconstruction when performed. It has few complications, except for a possible impact on shoulder function. The aims of this study were to evaluate the validity of the literature by investigating the level of evidence and to perform a meta-analysis.MethodsA systematic literature search was conducted using the databases PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Predictor variables were shoulder function after breast reconstruction with the LDF. Articles were chosen according to 4 different outcomes: shoulder range of motion (ROM), shoulder strength, DASH score, and subjective evaluation.ResultsTwenty-six articles were found, including 1045 patients: 8 level II, 16 level III, 1 level IV, and 1 level V articles. The meta-analysis showed that both ROMs for flexion and abduction are significantly impaired at less than or at 3 months of follow-up.ConclusionsThere are several influencing factors, such as age, smoking, obesity, radiotherapy, and physiotherapy. Moreover, the impact on shoulder function seemed influenced by the type of thoracodorsal vessel–based flap. From the level of evidence analysis, there is a tendency that the LDF transfer does affect shoulder function. This limitation seems to be minimal, and few patients experience a major impact on shoulder function. However, the existing literature on total shoulder impairment after breast reconstruction with LDF is insufficient to draw any final conclusion. There is a need for future studies and current articles that suggest that the initial measurement should be performed preoperatively (preferably at the time of diagnosis or initial biopsy) and follow-ups with measurements at 6, 12, and 24 months (long-term effect) after surgery. We recommend measurements of both operated and nonoperated sides. Each measurement should be accompanied by a history with special emphasis on shoulder function. The methods of measuring outcomes of recommendation are DASH score, ROM with use of a goniometer preferably by a physiotherapist or a health care professional trained by a physiotherapist, and strength measured by, for example, a handheld dynamometer.
Functional and Aesthetic Outcome of Extensive Orbital Floor and Medial Wall Fracture via Navigation and Endoscope-assisted Reconstruction
Authors: Yang Jia-Ruei , Liao Han-Tsung 
Published: December 2018

Background and Purpose
Extensive orbital floor and medial wall fractures compared with isolated orbital wall fractures are more likely to require surgical correction because of a higher possibility of complications like diplopia, enophthalmos, or numbness. The unique and complex contours of the orbital anatomy limit the intraoperative view of the intraorbital anatomy, and complex orbital fractures involving the buttress of the transition zone area all make orbital reconstruction surgery more challenging. The aim of this study was to describe our experience with surgical approaches using navigation- and endoscope-assisted guidance for extensive orbital floor and medial wall fracture reconstruction.

Patients and Methods
A retrospective study was conducted on consecutive 17 patients from 2015 to 2017 presenting with unilateral extensive orbital floor and medial wall fractures at the Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch. The fractures were treated surgically with a preformed mesh plate and layered Medpor (Porex Surgical Inc, Atlanta, Ga) through navigation and endoscopy. The preoperative and postoperative functional and aesthetic outcomes were described.

Results
All extensive orbital floor and medial wall fractures were successfully reconstructed. Of the 17 patients, 11 experienced diplopia preoperatively, and for 2 of the 11 patients, diplopia improved immediately after surgery. In the remaining 9 patients, diplopia still persisted after surgery; however, diplopia recovered after an average of 3.44 months (range, 1–9 months). Average enophthalmos among the 10 patients, evaluated by postoperative follow-up computed tomography scan, improved from 2.99 to 0.68 mm. There were no major complications during follow-up, and all patients were satisfied with their final appearance and function.

Conclusions
On the basis of the results, our surgical approach using preformed titanium mesh plates and Medpor under the assistance of navigation and endoscopy can be a safe, accurate, and effective method for the management of extensive orbital floor and medial wall fractures and clearly optimizes functional and aesthetic outcomes.
The Potential of Acellular Dermal Matrix Combined With Neural Stem Cells Induced From Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells in Nerve Tissue Engineering
Authors: Syu Wei-Ze , Chen Shyi-Gen , Chan James Yi-Hsin , Wang Chih-Hsin , Dai Niann-Tzyy , Huang Shih-Ming 
Published: December 2018

Introduction
Reconstruction of segmental peripheral nerve gap is still challenging when the autografts are unavailable owing to limited availability of donor site and functional recovery. The creation of artificial conduits composed of biological or synthetic materials is still developing. Acellular dermal matrix (ADM) has been widely studied and its extension and plasticity properties may become suitable nerve conduits under different forms of nerve gaps. Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) have the potential to differentiate into various cell types of different germ layers including neural stem cells (NSCs). The purpose of this experiment is to use ADM as a scaffold combined with NSCs induced by ADSCs to establish neural tissue engineering.

Methods
The ADSCs were isolated from syringe-liposuction adipose tissue harvested from abdominal fat and then cultured in keratinocyte serum free media to trigger into neural stem cells. Stem cells were confirmed by the expression of surface markers nestin and SOX2 in NSCs with Western blot and immunofluorescent staining. Matrix enzyme treatment was used to obtain ADM to remove immunogenic cells while maintaining the integrity of the basement membrane complex and the extracellular matrix structure of the dermis. The NSCs were cocultured with ADM for 3 days, and survival markers Ki67 and neural stem cell markers nestin were detected.

Results
These NSCs can form neurospheres and express nestin and SOX2. The NSC can further coculture with ADM, and it will continue to express survivor markers and neural stem cell markers on ADM.

Conclusions
These findings provide evidence that the combination of ADM and NSC has the same potential as neural tissue engineering as other acellular sciatic nerve.