bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Virtual Reality Simulation of Equipment Training Based on Unity3D
Authors: Su Xiangyong , Zhang Zhujun , Zhou Zelong , Yu Xin 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
All along, the combination of virtual and real equipment training is an effective means, which can improve training efficiency and solve training contradictions. In this paper, the equipment training virtual reality system is designed by using Unity3D virtual reality design software. This provides an effective solution for equipment training. This paper mainly studies and discusses the structure, key technologies and implementation methods of virtual system.
Analysis of Periodic Solutions for Composite Laminated Circular Cylindrical Shell with 1:2 Internal Resonance
Authors: Tian Yuanyuan , Li Jing , He Bin 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
In this paper, we are concerned with periodic motions of composite laminated circular cylindrical shell with 1:2 internal resonance. The existence condition and number estimation of periodic solutions of the governing system are studied by discussing the Poincaré map and the displacement function. To illustrate the effectiveness of our results, the method of numerical simulations is performed to detect the phase portraits of the periodic solutions under a set of parameter condition.
Solution of the Developed Homogenous &Non-Homogenous Wave Equation Using Mathematica
Authors: Hussain Ahmed Hadi , Al-daem Mohamad Abd , Al-Khfaji Saba Nazar , Abbas Sameer Annon 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The purpose of this research is to develop the wave equation by replacing the constant with a quadratic function based on the two variables (x, t). Some elementary and boundary conditions using MATHEMATICA.
Soft(1, 2)-Strongly Open Maps in Bi-Topological Spaces
Authors: Jawad Hasan al Musawi Abu Firas Muhamad , Khalil Al Salim Shuker Mahmood , Ulrazaq Mayadah Abd 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
In this paper the concepts of soft (1, 2)-strongly open maps and soft (1, 2)-generality open maps are introduced and their relations with soft (1, 2)-open maps and soft (1, 2)-continuous maps are stated. We show that every soft (1, 2)-strongly open map is soft (1, 2)-generality open map and our work in this paper are examined. Furthermore, these our concepts are used to discuss the notion of soft (1, 2)-semi Hausdorff spaces in this work.
Type-2 fuzzy Continuous Function Between the General type-2 fuzzy Topological spaces
Authors: Mahdy Hussan Mohammed Salih , Khalik Al-Khafaji Munir Abdul 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The main pillar provided by these papers type-2 fuzzy continuous function between the general type-2 fuzzy topological spaces and when will it be realized after the presented of definition the type-2 fuzzy set with some properties and definition the general type-2 Fuzzy topological space.
The Martingle as an Orthogonal Projection
Authors: Jumaa Suha , Ebrahim H.H. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This paper studies martingale as an orthogonal projection. It is proved that martingale achieves infimum relation if and only if it satisfies orthogonality relation. It is also proved that orthogonal martingale in Hilbert space achieves minimum relation. It is observed that martingale differences are orthogonal in Hilbert space and martingale can be represented as the sum of orthogonal difference.
Some Common Random Fixed Points Theorems Of Generalized ϕ – Weakly Contractive Random Operators in Metric Spaces and Random Well-Posed
Authors: Ajeel Yusra Jarallah 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
In this paper, firstly, we prove the existence of random coincidence points for general ϕ – weakly contraction condition under two pairs of random operators in metric spaces X, where ϕ is continuous monotone real function. As applications related common random fixed point results are proved and the well-posed random fixed point problem is studied.
Moduli Space of the Category of Fuzzy Topographic Topological Mappings
Authors: Kadhem Hiyam Hassan , Ahmad Tahir 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The moduli space has concept emerged to classify objects of certain categories by carrying out their parameterization. In fact, the theory of moduli space has been widely appreciated from a distant time in diverse fields not only of mathematics, but also of physics. This paper is devoted to establish the moduli space of the category of the mathematical model fuzzy topographic topological mappings, which is adopted in solving neuromagnetic inverse problem during a seizure. In this study, the moduli functor of fuzzy topographic topological mapping was constructed. The applicability of the theory of moduli space is uniquely revealed with specifying its sort.
Comparison of four methods to estimate the scale parameter for Extended Poisson Exponential distribution
Authors: Kalt Hazim Ghdhaib , Abd Al-Rahem Mushtaq Kareem 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
In this paper, it was obtained estimators of the scale parameter of Extended Poisson Exponential distribution by four methods using complete data, these methods are the Maximum Likelihood Estimator (MLE), the Least Squares Estimator (LSE), Plotting Position Estimator (PPE) and White Estimator (WE), these four methods have been compared by the criteria of Mean Square Error (MSE) using Monte Carlo simulation, and from the results on the samples in the simulation, the comparison in this study showed that Maximum Likelihood Estimator method is best from other methods followed by the White Estimator method then the Least Squares Estimator method.
Essential-small submodules relative to an arbitrary submodule
Authors: Abbas M. S. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Let R be an arbitrary ring and T a submodule of an R-module M. A submodule N is said to be Te-small in M, if for each essential submodule X of M, T ⊆ N + X implies that T ⊆ X. In this work we study this mentioned notion which is a generalization of the essential-small submodules as well as the T-small submodule. We use this notion to investigate T-essential radical of module, also to introduce generalized T-essential Hopfian modules.
Essentially Small Quasi-Dedekind modules and Anti-hopfian modules
Authors: Hussain Mukdad Qaess , Dahash Angham Abbas , AbdulKareem Darya Jabar 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
In this paper we study the relationship between Essentially Small Quasi-Dedekind modules and anti-hopfian modules. Also, we give some examples which illustrate these relations.
Characteristic Zero Resolution of Weyl Module in the Case of the Partition (8,7,3)
Authors: Hassan Haytham R. , Jasim Niran S. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
In this paper, we studied the resolution of Weyl module for characteristic zero in the case of partition (8,7,3) by using mapping Cone which enables us to get the results without depended on the resolution of Weyl module for characteristic free for the same partition.
Application of Nanotechnology For Cleaning of Teeth And Shining It
Authors: al Hussein Hassanain jwad abid , Mohammed Hamed Ibrahim 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This research includes the using of Powder Of Snail Shell’s
Rostellaria
species for cleaning, and remove Staining of Teeth as well as shining it.As an alternative of a Conventional pumice when dentists and technicians’ in dental laboratories. It was powder processing on two types : first, it provides as a small size particles, with added of some rate of florid.it used by dentists, to clean the natural teeth. Second, it provides as a large size particles, it used by owners of dental laboratories, to clean the fixed and mobile sets of teeth. And making it easier for the possibility of the application of this powder as anano powder. they contain of a three-layer cover, resistant to external conditions. That’s making constant hardness powder, it range between (4 – 3), Unlike other types of pumice Available in the market. In addition to the containment of this crust of the fixed elements and chemical compositions such as : ( Cao, Sio2, AL2o3, Fe2o3, Mgo, So3 ), In the proportions : (52.70, 20.40, 0.68, 0.44, 1.5, 0.28 ) respectively.
Study the Effects of Pit-1 polymorphism on some blood Parameters in dairy cow in Karbala governorate
Authors: Zabeel Afrah Kamil , Mohammed Al-Bazil Wefak G. , Muhammed Hayder Ali 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Pit-1 polymorphism on the some blood parameters in dairy local Iraqi cattle, blood samples were collected from (120) healthy dairy cow breeds aged between (4-6 years), in peak stage (40-120) days of lactation, during period of time beginning from September 2017 till January 2018, in the northeast of rural areas in Karbala province. Amplification Refractory Mutation System (ARMS-PCR) techniques was used to detect Pit-1 polymorphism and to classified the genotyping in to three groups; wild group AA, recessive group BB and heterozygosity group AB.The frequencies of genotypes were recorded as 0.06 for AA, 0.70 for AB and 0.24 for BB on the other handthe frequencies of allele were recorded as 0.41 for Pit-1(A) and 0.59 – Pit-1(B).The current study showed no significant decrease (p, >0.05) in the RBC, Hb&MCHC in AB&BB genotype groups compare with AAgenotype group, also the PCV % was no significant difference in all groups. The conclusion our study showed that not found effects of pit 1 polymorphism on the some blood parameter in dairy cow.
Comparative study of some haematological and biochemical characterizes of camels (Camelus dromedarius) in south region of Iraq
Authors: Alzubaidi Nameer A.K. , AL Hassan Amer K. , Mustafa Fatima k. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This study aimed to establishment database and baseline of hemato-biochemicals values of male and female camels in three governorate south Iraq (Basrah, Dhi qar, and Muthana). Forty eight adult male and female dromedary camels (6 males and 10 females for each governorate) aged over 3 years old were used. Peripheral blood samples were collected from the jugular vein during February – April 2018 and then as soon as transported to the laboratory for haematology ( RBC, Hgb, HCT, MCV, MCH, MCHC, ESR, PLT,and total and differential WBC) and biochemical analysis(ALT, AST, Glucose, Creatinine, Urea, and total protein). The results of haematological and biochemical parameters appeared compatible with the previous studies on normal hemato-biochemical values and found significant effect of sex on some haematological parameters of camel especially for RBCs count, Hgb, PCV, MCV, and PLT, and also among the camels of different governorate in south of Iraq for both sexes regarding to haematological parameters especially in Basrah governorate compared with Dhi qar and Muthana. Whereas, no effect were recorded for sex of camels on total and differential leukocytes in all location studied. Rather than significant differences (p<0.05) showed among the governorates in values of total and differential leukocytes for both sexes compared with their counterparts in the other governorates. The serum biochemical study of camels’ revealed no effect for sex on most of biochemical parameters except in some situation for AST activity level and glucose concentration. In contrast, the results revealed significant variation for both sexes compared with their counterparts in other studied governorates especially in AST, ALT, and glucose values. Therefore, the present study concluded that the results compatible with the previous studies and the sex had effect on some blood indices and the hemato-biochemical parameters different in their value depend on location in south region of Iraq.
Histological Effects of Sesamum Indicum Seeds on Mammary Gland tissue in Female white Rats
Authors: Al-Bazii S J , Al-Masoudi F J , Obeid A K 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis study was conducted to investigate the effects of sesame seed on the growth and development of mammary glands in white females rats during the stages of (virginity, pregnancy and lactating), where the effect of 30% sesame seed on the growth and development of mammary glands was studied for 20 days. Sixty-three female Albino rats were randomly divided into three groups (virgins, pregnant and lactating) 12 rats / for each group, the three main groups were subdivided into secondary groups (control and treatment) with 6 rats / for each group. Then toe parameters were conducted including: Histological and histochemical studies for each group and through these studies the following results were obtained:Histological specimens stain with hematoxylin and eosin stains revealed that the virgins treated with sesame seeds showed an increase in the number of the lobules filled with large numbers of expansive alveoli compared to the control group. In the pregnant groups, the lobules filled with alveoli were observed in larger numbers and diameters. In the lactation groups, the lobules are more numerous and the alveolus were more expansive and numerous in comparison with the control group.The histochemical studies of the Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS) stain showed a positive intra-alveolar reaction in the mammary glands tissue for each animal of treated and control groups, except the virginity control group which showed a negative reaction to the stain. Whereas the Trichrome stain, which characterized only the control group of virgins with more density of collagen fibers compared to the rest of the groups which were characterized by a deficiency in the density collagen fiber groups for all stages compared to the control groups.From the current study it can be concluded that the sesame seeds have an effective effect on the growth and development of mammary gland tissue
Comparative study between silk suture and metallic Staplers in skin wound closure in Rabbits
Authors: Abdulkareem Zainab B. , Naeem Luay A. , Jassim Mohammed M. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This research aimed to compared between natural non-absorbable suture (silk) and metallic clips in skin wound closure, the result appeared that the use natural non-absorbable suture (silk) get the best result when closed the wound compared with staples. In view of this prospective study has been undertaken to highlight the outcomes of closure by clips and sutures with respect to speed of closure, cost effectiveness and postoperative wound dehiscence, acceptance of scar. It has been found that the use of silk in surgical wound closure gives faster speed of closure and better results.
Effect of Molecular Interaction Towards Homogenous Diameters for Synthesized MWCNTs from Methanol/Butanol mixture by CVDs
Authors: Nasser Intessar , Tareq Ziad , Habeb Firas 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Carbon nanotubes with multi-wall (MWCNT’s) with homogenousdiameters were successfully synthesized from (1:1) Methanol/Butanol bychemical vapor deposition (CVD) at 700°C using Fe as a catalyst. Themixture of alcohol includes low ratios of amorphous carbon with high ratiosof carbon atoms which are able to covert for MWCNTs. The product wascharacterized by XRD, Raman spectroscopy, SEM and EDX analysisshows the formation of carbon nanotubes MWCNT’s. The diameter oftubes shows semi-equal value when arrange between 90-105nm and thehomogeneous length reached to more than 8μm. The molecular interactionfor the mixture of C1\C4 alcohol plays an important role towards thereduction and changing the skeleton of the agglomerations for themolecules at vapor phase.
Corrosion Protection of Pure Titanium Implant by Electrochemical Deposition of Hydroxyapatite Post-Anodizing.
Authors: AlMashhadani Haider Abdulkareem , saleh Khulood Abed 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIn this study, a Hydroxyapatite (HA) coating was prepared on a titanium implant by an electrochemical deposition process. The titanium pre-treatment by anodizing in 1.65 mol/L sulfuric acid with (10V) at room temperature. The deposition was all conducted at a constant voltage of 6.0 V, for 1 h at room temperature. The coatings thus prepared were characterized with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and thickness of the coated layer.The electrochemical deposition of HA occurred on the titanium as a cathode. Coated titanium by HA after anodizing revealed a good corrosion protection efficiency even at a temperature ranged (293-323) K in artificial saliva. Activation energy and pre-exponential factor (kinetic parameters) were calculated and discussed. Also, thermodynamic values ΔG and ΔH were calculated and it shows that corrosion reaction was non-spontaneous and exothermic in nature before treatment but after anodizing the corrosion reaction become endothermic.
Kinetic and mechanistic study of alanine oxidation by N-chlorosuccinimide using Mn2+ as catalyst.
Authors: Salman Noori Y. , Ibrahim Al-niami Kisma H. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Kinetic studies of oxidation of alanine by N-chlorosuccinimide (NCIS) have been investigated at different pH’s. The reaction shows consecutive first order reaction with respect to both oxidant and substrate. Fractional order were observed in hydrogen ion and manganeseion. Slight effect of addition of reaction product (succinimide) on the rate of oxidation reaction have been noticed. Changing the ionic strength had no effect on the rate of oxidation reaction. Cl+ or NClS and NClS protonated were suggested to be the reactive species of N-chlorosuccinimide. An intermediates compounds have been found and proved by using michaelis menton equation. A reaction mechanism for the oxidation reaction was suggested.
Spectrophotometric Estamation of Meloxicam Using Charge Transfer Complex
Authors: Mahood Abdulbari Mahdi , Najm Nahawnd H. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
In this study we developed cheap and precise analytic method to measure Meloxicam concentration in bulk and pharmaceutical formula. The method based on the reaction between ferric ion and Meloxicam to yield ferrous ion. Then the former ion Fe2+ reacted coupled with potassium ferric cyanide to forming colored compound has a maximum absorbance at 708 nm. The method was validated by calculating the precision and accuracy. The method follows Beer-Lamber law at a range of (0.1-11) μg/mL with correlation coefficient is 0.9978. Accuracy and precision of the proposed method were estimated and shown average of recoveries between (98.7-99.5 %) with precision represented by RSD% equal to 0.56. We also calculated the detection limit (LOD) and quantitative of limit (LOQ) were 0.0092 μg/mL 0.030 μg/mL respectively The modified suggested method was used to measure Meloxicam in pharmaceutical preparation without additives interference and shows a good agreement with the standard method. Therefore, it can be used for routine works for quality control for estimation of the Meloxicam in bulk and pharmaceutical preparation as tablets.
Preparation of dried children food mixes from locally vegetable sources and estimation of their amino and fatty acids content
Authors: Ali Riyadh Shamki , Hmood Wael chassab , Alsirrag Manal Abdal-wahed 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The study aims to prepare a complementary infants foods to meet their nutritional needs in this age period, based on local plant crops (rice, cowpea, Mung bean) and the exploitation of the abundance of these raw materials and the cost of producing dried products in the form of powders that can be retrieved with water or milk The local community in terms of providing the provision of food for the child is rich in proteins of high biological value, which contains the child’s essential amino acids as well as contain those foods on the fatty acids of the child at this stage, The results showed, oleic acid content in rice, cowpea and Mung bean was ( 0.220, 0.271,2.567) % respectively while content of linoleic acid in rice, cowpea and Mung bean was( 0.225, 1.651 and 0.894) %, and results showed (0.224, 0.490 and 1.584) %, respectively content of linolenic acid in rice, cowpea and Mung bean, The 10 and 11 mixtures selected after cooking and addings Food fortifiers were higher than the percentage of oleic, linoleic, linolenic acid 10.38%, 7.39% and 7.68%, 1.67%, 2.01% and 2.29%, respectively.
Evaluation of oxidative stress in cigarette smoking peoples before and after the treatment with vitamin c in Holley Kerbala
Authors: Habeeb Zeyad Tareq , Abbas Mohammed Talat , Manhy AlKhaleeli Abdulmutalp. Badr. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to estimate some biochemical parameters in smoker peoples before and after the treatment with vitamin C. The study carried out in kerbala province from October 2018 to January 2019. Fifty male volunteers participated in this study, the volunteers was smoked twenty cigarrete daily for twenty years. The blood was drawn from smokers before the treatment and after the treatment (two months) with vitamin c. All chemical analysis is measured by medical chemo analyzer instruments. There was a significant increase in Malondialdehyde ( MDA), Aspartate aminotransferase( AST), Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), Total Bilirubin, urea and creatinine and in smoking peoples as compared to non smoker groups, at the same time there was significant decrease in superoxide dismutase (SOD),catalase (CAT) activities in smoking groups as compared to control group, however after treatment the smokers with vitamin C the biochemical changes return near to normal values. We concluded the Cigar rete has adverse effects on liver and kidney and increase the oxidative stress in humans, vitamin c decrease the oxidative stress in smoker persons due to have the potent antioxidant effect.
The effect of Al doping on the sensitivity of SnO2 films prepared by chemical spray pyrolysis
Authors: Resne Adeebh L. , Tariq Zaynab 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
In this paper discussed the optical properties of undoped Al (each 3, 5 and 7%) doped SnO2 thin films were synthesized by spray pyrolysis on glass substrate. The samples characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and gas sensitivity. The XRD analysis reveals that the Al dopants substituted into rutile SnO2 nanostructure without forming any secondary phase. The average particle size of the samples was increasing with increasing Al concentration. From XRD and AFM micrograph it was confirmed, the crystallite size in the range of 22.4-34.4 nm. The study reveals polycrystalline structure with prominent peaks. In particular, 7% Al-SnO2 films have a higher sensitivity (30%).
The Effect of the Nonlinearities on Gaussian Pulses Propagation in Photonic Crystal Fiber
Authors: Jasim M.S. , Sultan H.A. , Emshary C.A. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Nonlinear effects are attributed to the dependence of the susceptibility on the electric field, which becomes important at high field strengths, in optical fibers impose different limitations on the communications link, and an understanding of such effects is almost a prerequisite for actual light wave system designers. On the other hand, they offer a variety of possibilities for all-optical signal processing, amplification and regeneration, in the nonlinear regime, is introduced and shows the influence and consequences of the nonlinear effects of the propagation Gaussian pulse in photonic crystal fibers. In this paper, one reviews the effects - both detrimental and potentially beneficial - of optical nonlinearities in photonic crystal fibers.
Underwater Image Enhancement using Colour Restoration based on YCbCr Colour Model
Authors: kareem Hana H. , Daway Hazim G. , Daway Esraa G. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
In this study, improvement of underwater images via colour re-correction was performed by designing a new method that uses colour restoration based on the integrated colour model with Rayleigh distribution (CRBICMRD). The proposed method was utilised for colour restoration in an image in the RGB model and for colour transformation in YCbCr space, where it processed the Y component. The integrated colour model with Rayleigh distribution was applied. Quantitative analyses indicated that the proposed method outperformed the multi-scale retinex algorithm with colour restoration, unsupervised colour correction method and Rayleigh stretching and averaging image planes by calculating no-reference-image quality assessments. Results indicated that CRBICMRD performed considerably better than the other methods in enhancing underwater images.