bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A tick cell line as a powerful tool to screen the antimicrobial susceptibility of the tick-borne pathogen Anaplasma marginale
Authors: Alonso Beatriz Iglesias , Ventura Elisa Silva , Esteves Eliane , Galletti Maria F.B.M. , Dall'Agnol Bruno , Martins João Ricardo , Klafke Guilherme , Reck José , Fogaça Andrea Cristina , Daffre Sirlei 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Background
Anaplasma marginale is the causative agent of the severe bovine anaplasmosis. The tick Rhipicephalus microplus is one of the main vectors of A. marginale in tropical and subtropical regions of world. After the tick bite, the bacterium invades and proliferates within the bovine erythrocytes, causing anemia and impairing milk production and weight gain. In addition, infection can cause abortion and high mortality in areas of enzootic instability. The immunization with live and inactivated vaccines are employed to the control acute bovine anaplasmosis. However, they do not prevent persistent infection. Therefore, infected animals, even if immunized, are reservoirs of the bacterium and contribute to the dissemination of the disease. Antimicrobials are also largely employed for the prophylaxis of bovine anaplasmosis. However, they are often used in subtlethal doses, what can select pre-existing resistant bacteria and induce genetic or phenotypic variations. Therefore, the standardization of an in vitro assay to evaluate the susceptibility of A. marginale strains to different antimicrobials is important to allow the prescription of the more effective treatment, preventing both the selection and spread of resistant strains.
Results
Initially the antimicrobial susceptibility of two field isolates of A. marginale (Jaboticabal and Palmeira) infecting bovines was evaluated. The least susceptible strain (Jaboticabal) was used for the standardization of an antimicrobial assay using a culture of Ixodes scapularis-derived tick cell line, ISE6. Results showed that enrofloxacin (ENRO) at 0.25, 1 or 4 μg/mL and oxytetracycline (OTC) at 4 or 16 μg/mL are the most efficient treatments, followed by OTC at 1 μg/mL and imidocarb dipropionate (IMD) at 1 or 4 μg/mL.
Conclusion
In the current study, we present a new in vitro assay using a tick cell line to evaluate the susceptibility of A. marginale to antimicrobials. The maintenance of such culture is much easier than the maintenance of bovine erythrocyte culture, which depends on continuous cell replacement. This assay may be used to guide cattle farmers to the correct use of antimicrobials. The choice of the most suitable antimicrobial is essential to eliminate persistent infections, preventing the spread of resistant strains and helping in the control of bovine anaplasmosis.
Structural and functional insights into the Diabrotica virgifera virgifera ATP-binding cassette transporter gene family
Authors: Adedipe Folukemi , Grubbs Nathaniel , Coates Brad , Wiegmman Brian , Lorenzen Marce 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Background

The western corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera, is a pervasive pest of cultivated maize in North America and Europe, which has adapted to survive exposure to multiple insecticidal agents. Due to their role in insecticide transport, we sought to identify members of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter family in D. v. virgifera using a transcriptomics approach.

Results

In this study, 65 putative D. v. virgifera ABC (DvvABC) transporters were identified within a combined transcriptome assembly generated from embryo, larval, adult male, and adult female RNA-sequence libraries. Phylogenetic analysis placed the deduced amino-acid sequences of the DvvABC transporters into eight subfamilies (A to H). Of these, eight shared structural and functional conservation with Tribolium castaneum ABC transporter orthologs known to exhibit overt RNA interference (RNAi) knockdown phenotypes. Interestingly, depletion of DvvABCB_19147 and DvvABCG_3712 transcripts in adult females produced detrimental reproductive and developmental phenotypes (egg-laying or -hatching defects), demonstrating the potential of these genes as targets for RNAi-mediated insect control tactics.

Conclusions

By combining sequence data from four libraries covering three distinct life stages, we have produced a relatively comprehensive de novo transcriptome assembly for D. v. virgifera. Moreover, we have identified 65 members of the ABC transporter family, and provided the first insights into the developmental and physiological roles of ABC transporters in this pest species.
An ”omic“ approach to Pyrocystis lunula: New insights related with this bioluminescent dinoflagellate
Authors: Fajardo Carlos , Amil-Ruiz Francisco , Almagro Carlos Fuentes , De Donato Marcos , Niño Almudena Escobar , Carrasco Rafael , Mancera Juan Miguel , Acero Francisco Javier Fernandez 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Background: Pyrocystis lunula (Schutt) is a photoautotrophic dinoflagellate without armored, frequently found in marine environments. Today, there are several biotechnological applications derived from the bioluminescent system of this species. From a post-genomic perspective, in order to study the whole proteome of P. lunula, an ”omic“ approach (transcriptomic-proteomic analysis) was assessed using fresh microalgae samples.
Results: A total of 80,874,825 raw reads were generated (11,292,087,505 pb; 55.82 % GC) by mRNA sequencing. Very high quality sequences were assembled into 414,295 contigs (219,203,407 pb; 55.38 % GC) by the Trinity software, generating a comprehensive reference transcriptome for this species. Then, a P. lunula proteome was predicted and further employed through the first proteomic analysis on this species. A total of 17,461 peptides were identified, yielding 3,182 protein identification hits. The identified proteins were further categorized according to functional description and gene ontology classification.
Conclusions: The first comprehensive molecular analysis of the microalgae P. lunula using both, transcriptomic and proteomic approaches, has been reported. Proteomic results represent a valuable piece in the understanding of this microalgae regulation at molecular level, and shed light on the identification of important factors involved in gene expression regulation. Indeed, the presence of the luciferin-binding protein (LBP), which had not been described so far in the genus Pyrocystis has been highlighted.
Sexual-biased gene expression of olfactory-related genes in the antennae of Conogethes pinicolalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)
Authors: Jing Dapeng , Zhang Tiantao , Bai Shuxiong , He Kanglai , Prabu Sivaprasath , Luan Junbo , Wang Zhenying 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Background

Conogethes pinicolalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), is similar to Conogethes punctiferalis (yellow peach moth) and its host plant is gymnosperms, especially for masson pine. So far, less literature was reported on this pest. In present study, we sequenced and characterized the antennal transcriptomes of male and female C. pinicolalis for the first time.

Results

Totally, 26 odorant-binding proteins (OBP) genes, 19 chemosensory proteins (CSP) genes, 55 odorant receptors (OR) genes and 20 ionotropic receptors (IR) genes were identified from the C. pinicolalis antennae transcriptome and most of them were olfactory genes, amino sequences were annotated against homologs of C. punctiferalis. The neighbor-joining tree indicated that the amino acid sequence of olfactory related genes is highly homologous with C. punctiferalis. Furthermore, the reference genes were selected, and we strongly recommended the GAPDH or RP49 to verify gene expression for larvae development and RP49 or RPL13 for adult tissues.

Conclusions

Our study provides a starting point on the molecular level characterization between C. pinicolalis and C. punctiferalis, which might be a supportive for pest management studies in future.
Adaptation of the DFD technology in the modeling of business systems in the environment of RDS
Authors: Kalyanov G. N. , Kupriyanov B. V. , Lukinova O. V. 
Published: May 2019

The article is devoted to the description of structural methods of processes modeling, represented by visual languages of business processes modeling of socio-economic systems, designed not only for static functional/information modeling of processes, but also allowing to simulate their behavior.The description of grammar of structural languages of designing business processes of the enterprise which subsets it is offered to adapt for expansion of input language of the tool complex of RDS (Calculation of Dynamic Systems) that will allow to use opportunities of a complex for the solution of problems of the analysis not only dynamic, but also business models of organizational and economic systems are given. Provides the syntax and semantics of DFD, STD, ERD-notations. For the formal description of the syntax it is proposed to use the apparatus of mixed grammars, which are a combination of graph and ordinary grammars. The article describes the grammar that generates the simplest dialect of DFD-technology, informally describes the semantic aspects of the language, in particular the semantics of relations between the objects of the language.The basic constructions of the proposed language, its syntax and semantics are presented. Classification of potential errors is given. Non-terminal symbols of the language are presented in detail: diagram, DFD-diagram, STD-diagram, ERD-diagram, mini-specification, service structures are defined (including data dictionary).The types and sorts of evaluation criteria in the problems of business models quality analysis, syntax errors detection, as well as static semantics errors during their implementation in RDS are described. Static analysis of the business model is carried out in three directions which are syntax, semantics and pragmatics. Analysis methods can be divided into the following classes: syntactical, i.e. those that reveal violations of the syntax of the diagram representation language; semantic, revealing violations of the semantic representation of diagrams and their elements; methods of analyzing the quality of the business model, evaluated by the parameters of connectivity and cohesion.The implementation of the described methods and mechanisms is assumed as an additional module of simulation modeling of business processes as part of the RDS software complex, which is a tool for building research stands that provide the process of modeling, analysis and synthesis of control systems. The complex was implemented in the framework of projects implemented in the IPU RAS. The article defines the purpose, composition and structure of the business process simulation module.
Investigation of Adsorption Tyrphostin AG528 Anticancer Drug Upon the CNT(6,6-6) Nanotube: A DFT Study
Authors: Sheikhi Masoome , Shahab Siyamak , Alnajjar Radwan , Ahmadianarog Mahin , Kaviani Sadegh 
Published: May 2019

Objective:
In the present study, the interaction between drug Tyrphostin
AG528 and CNT(6,6-6) nanotube by Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations in
solvent water has been investigated for the first time.

Methods and Results:
According to the calculations, intermolecular hydrogen bonds
take place between an active position of the molecule Tyrphostin AG528 and hydrogen
atoms of the nanotube which play an important role in the stability of complex CNT(6,6-
6)/Tyrphostin AG528. The non-bonded interaction effects of the molecule Tyrphostin
AG528 with CNT(6,6-6) nanotube on the electronic properties, chemical shift tensors
and natural charge have also been detected. The natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis
suggested that the molecule Tyrphostin AG528 as an electron donor and the CNT(6,6-6)
nanotube play the role of an electron acceptor at the complex CNT(6,6-6)/Tyrphostin
AG528.

Conclusion:
The electronic spectra of the Tyrphostin AG528 drug and complex
CNT(6,6-6)/Tyrphostin AG528 in solvent water were calculated by Time-Dependent
Density Functional Theory (TD-DFT) for the investigation of adsorption effect of the
Tyrphostin AG528 drug over nanotube on maximum wavelength. Then, the possibility of
the use of CNT(6,6-6) nanotube for Tyrphostin AG528 delivery to the diseased cells has
been established.
Alcoholism and Osteoimmunology
Authors: Wang Xiuwen , Chen Xiang , Lu Lingyun , Yu Xijie 
Published: May 2019

Background :Chronic consumption of alcohol has an adverse effect on the skeletal system, which may lead to osteoporosis, delayed fracture healing and osteonecrosis of the femoral head. Currently, the treatment is limited, therefore, there is an urgent need to determine the underline mechanism and develop a new treatment. It is well-known that normal bone remodeling relies on the balance between osteoclast-mediated bone resorption and - mediated bone formation. Various factors can destroy the balance, including the dysfunction of the immune system. In this review, we summarized the relevant research in the alcoholic osteopenia with a focus on the abnormal osteoimmunology signals. We provided a new theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of the alcoholic bone.Methods:We searched PubMed for publications from 1 January 1980 to 1 February 2020 to identify relevant and recent literature, summarizing evaluation and the prospect of alcoholic osteopenia. Detailed search terms were ‘alcohol’, ‘alcoholic osteoporosis’, ‘alcoholic osteopenia’ ‘immune’, ‘osteoimmunology’, ‘bone remodeling’, ‘osteoporosis treatment’ and ‘osteoporosis therapy’.Results:A total of 135 papers are included in the review. About 60 papers described the mechanisms of alcohol involved in bone remodeling. Some papers were focused on the pathogenesis of alcohol on bone through osteoimmune mechanisms.Conclusion:There is a complex network of signals between alcohol and bone remodeling and intercellular communication of osteoimmune may be a potential mechanism for alcoholic bone. Studying the osteoimmune mechanism is critical for drug development specific to the alcoholic bone disorder.
Long-term Outcomes of Cerebral Venous Sinus Stenosis Corrected by Stenting
Authors: Xu Yaoming , Meng Ran , Rajah Gary B. , Ding Yuchuan , Wu Yan , Wu Yali , Ji Kangxiang , Wu Chuanjie , Zhao Wenbo , Ji Xunming 
Published: May 2019

Background and Purpose:
Cerebral Venous Sinus Stenosis (CVSS) usually results in
severe Intracranial Hypertension (IH), which can be corrected by stenting immediately. However,
there is a lack of evidence of the long-term good outcomes in patients with CVSS who underwent
stenting.

Methods:
A total of 62 patients with imaging confirmed non-thrombotic and non-external compression
CVSS were enrolled into this single center real-world cohort study after undergoing stenting,
and were continuously followed up for more than 12 years. The symptoms and signs of IH
prior to stenting and post-stenting and the incidence of restenosis after stenting were analyzed.

Results:
The mean age of the 62 patients (range, 13 to 62) was 40 years old, and the mean body
mass index was 26 (range 23 to 40). Females accounted for 67.7% (42/62). Headache was the most
common symptom (79%). Transient visual obscurations occurred in 69% of the patients. 42% of
the patients suffered from visual loss, 11.3% pulsatile tinnitus, and 96.8% Papilledema before
stenting. The mean trans-stenotic pressure gradients were 6~43 mmHg prior to stenting and returned
to 0~4 mmHg after stent placement. During the following 12~126 months (the median was
62) after stenting of the follow-up, 91.9% (57/62) of the patients obtained good outcomes. Headaches
disappeared in 96% (47/49) of the patients and papilledema was attenuated in 98.3%
(59/60). However, There were still 8.0 % (5/62) of the patients with poor outcomes, including optic
disc atrophy in 3 patients and stent-interior thrombosis in 2 patients, which occurred 6.3 months
after stenting.

Conclusion:
Our data suggest that stenting may be a promising therapy for CVSS correcting. Patients
with CVSS may get long-term benefit from stenting, especially when they are accompanied
with severe IH
Evaluation of the Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Diclofenac Sodium, Prednisolone and Atorvastatin in Combination with Ascorbic Acid
Authors: Ahmed Tanvir , Archie Sabrina Rahman , Faruk Asef , Chowdhury Fabliha Ahmed , Al Shoyaib Abdullah , Ahsan Chowdhury Rafiqul 
Published: May 2019

Objectives:
Inflammation is our body’s normal defense mechanism, but in some
cases, it may be responsible for causing different kinds of disorders. Several antiinflammatory
drugs are present for the treatment of these disorders; however, the conventional
anti-inflammatory drugs cause side effects when used in the long term and therefore,
it is better to use them in a low dose for a shorter duration of time. This study was designed
to find out whether there is an augmentation of the therapeutic effectiveness of the antiinflammatory
drugs like diclofenac sodium (NSAID), prednisolone (steroid) and atorvastatin
(statin) when used in combination with ascorbic acid (antioxidant).

Methods:
Wistar Rats (n=144) were selected and divided into 24 groups of 6 rats in each.
Carrageenan and formalin were used to induce local inflammation and neuropsychiatric effects,
respectively. The inhibitions of such responses were measured after administering a
drug alone and in combination with ascorbic acid.

Results:
In case of carrageenan mediated inflammation, the combination of 5 mg/kg diclofenac
and 200 mg/kg ascorbic acid gave the highest inhibition of 74.19% compared to other
groups of drugs. The combination of 5 mg/kg diclofenac and 200 mg/kg ascorbic acid
gave 97.25% inhibition for formalin-mediated inflammation group. In both cases, combination
therapy showed statistically significant anti-inflammatory activities compared to
monotherapy (p values <0.05).

Conclusion:
All the data clearly indicate new combinations of drug therapy comprising diclofenac
sodium, prednisolone, atorvastatin with ascorbic acid, which may be more effective
against both local edema and the neuropsychiatric effect caused due to inflammation.
Fatty Acids and Herbal Medicine
Authors: Elyasi Hossein , Sepahvand Asghar , Rahimi Hadis , Nafari Amirhossein , Azizi Soleiman , Khadem Erfan , Zamani Amir , Behnaminia Nima , Bahmani Mahmoud 
Published: May 2019

Background:Fatty acid is a type of carboxylic acid with carbon chain that can be short (4 carbons, such as butyric acid) or long (14 carbons and more, like DHA). Generally, fatty acids are divided into two groups of unsaturated fatty acids and saturated fatty acids. They have important and valuable medicinal properties especially against microbial pathogens.Objective:Studies have shown that the epidemic of the twentieth century's heart disease is due to the abuse of trans fatty acids. The consumption of various fatty acids has various therapeutic effects on various diseases.Method:Relevant articles were searched from Google Scholar, Pub Med, Scopus, Science direct, and Cochrane library.Results:Getting omega-3 fatty acids through diet and supplements affects both acute and chronic inflammation. Consumption of omega-3 fatty acids can slow down the growth of cancer, increase the effect of chemotherapy and reduce the side effects of chemotherapy or cancer. This can be done by reducing angiogenesis in the tumor, creating the differentiation of cancer cells, reducing the risk of heart attack from cancer, etc.Conclusion:In general, fatty acids are valuable and affordable, and available with numerous medicinal properties, including anti-fungal and anti-bacterial properties that can be extracted from and used by many sources, especially many medicinal plants. Since antimicrobial chemicals generally have many side effects and have resistance to many microbial species, various studies and experiments to identify and extract fatty acids and their application to the title of the pharmaceutical formulation are essential.
Changes in Bone Histomorphometry after Kidney Transplantation
Authors: Keronen Satu , Martola Leena , Finne Patrik , Burton Inari S. , Kröger Heikki , Honkanen Eero 
Published: May 2019

Background and objectives
Over the past decade, the management of CKD–mineral and bone disorder has changed substantially, altering the pattern of bone disease in CKD. We aimed to evaluate the natural history of kidney bone disease in contemporary kidney transplant recipients and patients on dialysis.

Design, settings, participants, & measurements
Sixty one patients on dialysis who were referred to kidney transplantation participated in this prospective cohort study during November 2009 and December 2010. We performed baseline bone biopsies while the patients were on dialysis and repeated the procedure in 56 patients at 2 years after kidney transplantation or 2 years after baseline if transplantation was not performed. Measurements of mineral metabolism and bone turnover, as well as dual energy x-ray absorptiometry scans, were obtained concurrently.

Results
A total of 37 out of 56 participants received a kidney transplant, of which 27 underwent successful repeat bone biopsy. The proportion of patients with high bone turnover declined from 63% at baseline to 19% at 2 years after kidney transplantation, whereas the proportion of those with low bone turnover increased from 26% to 52%. Of 19 participants remaining on dialysis after 2 years, 13 underwent successful repeat biopsy. The proportion of patients remaining on dialysis with high bone turnover decreased from 69% to 31%, and low bone turnover increased from 8% to 38%. Abnormal bone mineralization increased in transplant recipients from 33% to 44%, but decreased in patients remaining on dialysis from 46% to 15%. Trabecular bone volume showed little change after transplantation, but low bone volume increased in patients remaining on dialysis. Bone mineral density did not correlate with histomorphometric findings.

Conclusions
Bone turnover decreased over time both in patients remaining on dialysis and in kidney transplant recipients. Bone mineral density and bone biomarkers were not associated with bone metabolism changes detected in bone biopsy specimens.