bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Research on the Extensive Interconnect Characteristics of Power System
Authors: Wang Wei , He Yongjun , Chen Yufei , Zhu Sijia , Wang Ge 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Based on the development law of electric energy, this paper puts forward the inevitability of the extensive interconnection of power system and their technical requirements. Firstly, this paper analyzes the law of energy development from the perspective of energy supply development, energy consumption development and energy transaction development. Secondly, based on China’s clean energy development pattern, the concept and significance of a new generation of power systems are widely interconnected. Finally, this paper proposes the technical requirements for the extensive interconnection of the power systems, respectively constructs the key technical systems of physical interconnection and information interconnection, and analyzes the development trends of related technologies.
Experimental studies of restoration of ball mill trunnion
Authors: Bondarenko YA , Bestuzheva OV , Sanina TM 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The article deals with the analysis of experimental data on reconstruction of cement mill axles by the auxiliary machine at the place of operation. Based on the experimental research in repair the regression models of large-size equipment are developed, coefficients of equations of regression are defined. Importance of coefficients is estimated, and the adequacy of regression models is checked.
Obtaining computational models of mechanisms in geometric applications by example of mechanism of lifting signs of mold
Authors: Chepchurov M S , Zhukov E M , Sumskoy A M , Dudukalo D V 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The article presents a solution to the problem of calculating and modeling the lifting mechanism of molds with the purpose of the reduction of the loading on the sliding bearings and verification of the working capacity of the mechanism as a whole. The calculation scheme is made for calculating the lifting mechanism of molds; the algorithm of operation of the mechanism is described. Mathematical modeling of the lever is conducted and the dimensions of separate links of the mechanism are calculated, the coordinates, trajectory of motion of the reference points of the mechanism are defined. A 3-D model of the lifting mechanism is executed; verification of the assembly of the model, of the operability of the mechanism is carried out as a whole.
Experimental testing of load kinematics in mixers with deformable chambers and vertical working tools
Authors: Lozovaya S Yu , Lozovoy N M , Uvarov V A , Ryadinskaya L V 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Application of mixers with deformable chambers and vertical working tools has been justified as well as possibility to regulate particles translation inside the mixer chamber, which allows using maximal number of freedom action degrees on the material that provides necessary particle translation and necessary quality of the mixture. A kinematic model of a load point translation in the view of principles of continuous medium mechanics has been created. It has been determined that particles translate in cross- and longitudal sections along helix trajectories. The experimental studies of components particles translation in longitudal and cross sections with the use of models with transparent walls proved the choice of the theoretical model for the material point kinematics for determining forces and power.
Patterns of Drug and Alcohol Use and Injection Equipment Sharing Among People With Recent Injecting Drug Use or Receiving Opioid Agonist Treatment During and Following Hepatitis C Virus Treatment With Direct-acting Antiviral Therapies: An International Study
Authors: Artenie Andreea A , Cunningham Evan B , Dore Gregory J , Conway Brian , Dalgard Olav , Powis Jeff , Bruggmann Philip , Hellard Margaret , Cooper Curtis , Read Philip , Feld Jordan J , Hajarizadeh Behzad , Amin Janaki , Lacombe Karine , Stedman Catherine , Litwin Alain H , Marks Pip , Matthews Gail V , Quiene Sophie , Erratt Amanda , Bruneau Julie , Grebely Jason 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundIn many settings, recent or prior injection drug use remains a barrier to accessing direct-acting antiviral treatment (DAA) for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. We examined patterns of drug and alcohol use and injection equipment sharing among people with recent injecting drug use or receiving opioid agonist treatment (OAT) during and following DAA-based treatment.MethodsSIMPLIFY and D3FEAT are phase 4 trials evaluating the efficacy of DAA among people with past 6-month injecting drug use or receiving OAT through a network of 25 international sites. Enrolled in 2016–2017, participants received sofosbuvir/velpatasvir (SIMPLIFY) or paritaprevir/ritonavir/dasabuvir/ombitasvir ± ribavirin (D3FEAT) for 12 weeks and completed behavioral questionnaires before, during, and up to 2 years posttreatment. The impact of time in HCV treatment and follow-up on longitudinally measured longitudinally measured behaviors was estimated using generalized estimating equations.ResultsAt screening, of 190 participants (mean age, 47 years; 74% male), 62% reported any past-month injecting 16% past-month injection equipment sharing, and 61% current OAT. Median alcohol use was 2 (Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test–Consumption; range, 1–12). During follow-up, opioid injecting (odds ratio [OR], 0.95; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.92–0.99) and sharing (OR, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.80–0.94) decreased, whereas no significant changes were observed for stimulant injecting (OR, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.94–1.02) or alcohol use (OR, 0.99; 95% CI, 0.95–1.04).ConclusionsInjecting drug use and risk behaviors remained stable or decreased following DAA-based HCV treatment. Findings further support expanding HCV treatment to all, irrespective of injection drug use.Clinical Trials RegistrationSIMPLIFY, NCT02336139; D3FEAT, NCT02498015.
Evolution of Phototransduction Genes in Lepidoptera
Authors: Macias-Muñoz Aide , Rangel Olguin Aline G , Briscoe Adriana D 
Published: July 2019

AbstractVision is underpinned by phototransduction, a signaling cascade that converts light energy into an electrical signal. Among insects, phototransduction is best understood in Drosophila melanogaster. Comparison of D. melanogaster against three insect species found several phototransduction gene gains and losses, however, lepidopterans were not examined. Diurnal butterflies and nocturnal moths occupy different light environments and have distinct eye morphologies, which might impact the expression of their phototransduction genes. Here we investigated: 1) how phototransduction genes vary in gene gain or loss between D. melanogaster and Lepidoptera, and 2) variations in phototransduction genes between moths and butterflies. To test our prediction of phototransduction differences due to distinct visual ecologies, we used insect reference genomes, phylogenetics, and moth and butterfly head RNA-Seq and transcriptome data. As expected, most phototransduction genes were conserved between D. melanogaster and Lepidoptera, with some exceptions. Notably, we found two lepidopteran opsins lacking a D. melanogaster ortholog. Using antibodies we found that one of these opsins, a candidate retinochrome, which we refer to as unclassified opsin (UnRh), is expressed in the crystalline cone cells and the pigment cells of the butterfly, Heliconius melpomene. Our results also show that butterflies express similar amounts of trp and trpl channel mRNAs, whereas moths express ∼50× less trp, a potential adaptation to darkness. Our findings suggest that while many single-copy D. melanogaster phototransduction genes are conserved in lepidopterans, phototransduction gene expression differences exist between moths and butterflies that may be linked to their visual light environment.
Short-Term Disability Fluctuations in Late Life
Authors: Stolz Erwin , Gill Thomas M , Mayerl Hannes , Freidl Wolfgang 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Objectives
Late-life disability is highly dynamic but within-person short-term fluctuations have not been assessed previously. We analyze how substantial such late-life disability fluctuations are and whether they are associated with time-to-death, long-term disability trajectories, frailty, and sociodemographics.

Methods
Monthly survey data (Precipitating Events Project Study) on activities of daily living/instrumental activities of daily living (ADL/IADL) disability (0–9) in the last years of life from 642 deceased respondents providing 56,308 observations were analyzed with a two-step approach. Observation-level residuals extracted from a Poisson mixed regression model (first step), which depict vertical short-term fluctuations from individual long-term trajectories, were analyzed with a linear mixed regression model (second step).

Results
Short-term disability fluctuations amounted to about one ADL/IADL limitation, increased in the last 4 years of life, and were closely associated with disability increases. Associations with frailty or sociodemographics characteristics were absent except for living alone.

Discussion
Short-term disability fluctuations in late life were substantial, were linked to mortality-related processes, and represent a concomitant feature of disability increases in late life.
Salvage surgery for lung cancer with tracheo-oesophageal fistula during concurrent chemoradiotherapy
Authors: Watanabe Isamu , Takamochi Kazuya , Oh Shiaki , Suzuki Kenji 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
A 48-year-old man presenting with cough, dysphagia and chest pain was diagnosed with advanced inoperable squamous cell carcinoma located in the right S2 with mediastinal lymph node metastases invading the oesophagus (c-T4N2M0 stage IIIB). Concurrent chemoradiotherapy (66 Gy) was planned, but he developed a tracheo-oesophageal fistula during the chemoradiotherapy course (26 Gy). A right sleeve pneumonectomy with oesophagectomy, cervical oesophagostomy and enterostomy were performed. Although bilateral recurrent nerve palsy occurred, he recovered via enhanced rehabilitation and was discharged 28 days after the salvage surgery. Three months after the initial surgery, staged reconstruction surgery of the stomach was performed. Intensive rehabilitation resulted in restored swallowing ability. He is alive with recurrent disease 12 months after surgery. This is the first report of salvage surgery for advanced lung cancer with tracheo-oesophageal fistula during concurrent chemoradiotherapy.
Cost of Refractory Crohn’s Disease Before and After Ustekinumab Utilization
Authors: Rahme Elham , Nedjar Hacene , Afif Waqqas 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundCrohn’s disease (CD) is associated with major health services utilization and costs. Between 2012 and 2015, ustekinumab was used off-label in Quebec, Canada for treatment of refractory CD.AimsWe assessed the direct medical cost of adult CD patients in the 1-year pre- and 1-year postustekinumab initiation.MethodsData were obtained from the provincial administrative databases. CD patients dispensed subcutaneous ustekinumab in 2012 to 2014 were followed for 1 year from the date of initiation (index-date). Kaplan Meier plots were used to display time to ustekinumab discontinuation and factors associated with discontinuation were identified using multivariate Cox regression models. Direct medical costs and 95% confidence interval (CI) of gastrointestinal-related health services were calculated for the 1-year pre- and 1-year post-index-date.ResultsThirty-four CD patients (mean age ± standard deviation, 44 ± 14 years, 59% women and 41% with low income) were included. Of these, 14 (41%) discontinued ustekinumab during the postperiod. Discontinuation was less likely among older patients: hazard ratio (95% CI) per 5-year age increase, 0.77 (0.61 to 0.96). The total $CAN direct medical cost (mean, 95% CI) was higher in the post- versus preperiod: $1,681,239 ($49,448; $42,265 to $57,160) versus $880,060 ($25,884; $20,391 to 31,596), while the total costs of GI-related health services were similar: $250,206 ($7359, $3536 to $11,674), versus $213,446 ($6278, $3609 to $9423).ConclusionIn patients with severe refractory CD on off-label ustekinumab, approximately 60% remained on treatment beyond 1 year. The cost of gastrointestinal services did not increase during that year as compared to that of the year preceding ustekinumab use.
Genomic Signatures of Selection along a Climatic Gradient in the Northern Range Margin of the White-Footed Mouse (Peromyscus leucopus)
Authors: Garcia-Elfring Alan , Barrett Rowan D H , Millien Virginie 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIdentifying genetic variation involved in thermal adaptation is likely to yield insights into how species adapt to different climates. Physiological and behavioral responses associated with overwintering (e.g., torpor) are thought to serve important functions in climate adaptation. In this study, we use 2 isolated Peromyscus leucopus lineages on the northern margin of the species range to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) showing a strong environmental association and test for evidence of parallel evolution. We found signatures of clinal selection in each lineage, but evidence of parallelism was limited, with only 2 SNPs showing parallel allele frequencies across transects. These parallel SNPs map to a gene involved in protection against iron-dependent oxidative stress (Fxn) and to a gene with unknown function but containing a forkhead-associated domain (Fhad1). Furthermore, within transects, we find significant clinal patterns in genes enriched for functions associated with glycogen homeostasis, synaptic function, intracellular Ca2+ balance, H3 histone modification, as well as the G2/M transition of cell division. Our results are consistent with recent literature on the cellular and molecular basis of climate adaptation in small mammals and provide candidate genomic regions for further study.
Reliability and normative values of common adult radiographic parameters for hip preservation in the developing pelvis
Authors: Whitlock Patrick W , Salari Kamran F , Blumstein Gideon , Zhang Bin , Arkader Alexandre , Choi Paul 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAnterior–posterior (A/P) radiography of the pelvis is essential to the diagnosis and treatment of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). Multiple well-defined parameters of adult hip morphology with good reliability are readily available. The purpose of this study was to determine normative values and observed reliability for 10 common adult hip parameters in the developing pelvis of male and female patients aged 6 months–16 years. One hundred and fifty-eight standardized A/P pelvic radiographs were randomly selected from an existing trauma patient database and stratified into five age groups. Mean values or presence of categorical values and the observed reliability of 10 adult hip parameters (acetabular index/angle, pelvic width index, lateral center edge angle, Tonnis angle, acetabular to femoral head distance, femoral head diameter, coxa profunda/protrusio, ischial spine sign, crossover sign and posterior wall sign) were determined. Minimal differences in all parameters were observed between male and female patients. The observed inter-rater reliability of continuous parameters was 0.77–0.99. The observed intra-rater reliability was 0.7–0.99 with a combined intra-rater reliability of 0.88–0.99. The observed inter-rater reliability of categorical variables was 0.64–1.0. The intra-rater reliability of categorical variables was 0.83–1.0. Normative values for 10 common adult hip parameters were determined for male and female patients in the developing pelvis. Reliable knowledge of these values and their relationship to the age of the patient and/or stage of pelvic development associated may provide additional information to aid the treatment of DDH.
Parent–Child Disagreements About Safety During Preadolescence
Authors: Kane Alexa , Morrongiello Barbara A 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Objectives
Much research has examined how parents manage safety issues for young children, however, little is known about how they do so in the preadolescent years when children’s demand for autonomy increases. The current study focused on youth in this transition stage (10–13 years) and examined parent–child disagreements about safety, including how parents learn of these, react to these, and resolve these (Aim 1), if the parent–child relationship or sex of the child impacts these processes (Aim 2), and the nature and reasons why children intentionally keep safety-relevant secrets from their parents (Aim 3).

Methods
A short-term longitudinal design was applied. Parents initially completed questionnaires and, with their child, retrospectively recalled safety disagreements. Over the next month, parents tracked safety disagreements and children tracked secrets they withheld from parents.

Results
The findings revealed significant gender differences: Daughters were more likely than sons to spontaneously disclose safety issues to their parents, and parents were more likely to discuss the issue and provide teaching to daughters than sons. Relationship quality emerged as an important factor, particularly for boys: A positive parent–child relationship predicted increased parental teaching in response to a safety-relevant issue for boys only. Children kept secrets from their parents about safety-relevant information in order to maintain their autonomy and independence.

Conclusion
Parent–child disagreements about safety are influenced by the positive nature of the parent–child relationship and differ for sons and daughters.
Who Can You Count On? Understanding The Determinants of Reliability
Authors: Tourangeau Roger , Yan Ting , Sun Hanyu 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Using reinterview data from the PATH Reliability and Validity (PATH-RV) study, we examine the characteristics of questions and respondents that predict the reliability of the answers. In the PATH-RV study, 524 respondents completed an interview twice, five to twenty-four days apart. We coded a number of question characteristics and used them to predict the gross discrepancy rates (GDRs) and kappas for each question. We also investigated respondent characteristics associated with reliability. Finally, we fitted cross-classified models that simultaneously examined a range of respondent and question characteristics. Although the different models yielded somewhat different conclusions, in general factual questions (especially demographic questions), shorter questions, questions that did not use scales, those with fewer response options, and those that asked about a noncentral topic produced more reliable answers than attitudinal questions, longer questions, questions using ordinal scales, those with more response options, and those asking about a central topic. One surprising finding was that items raising potential social desirability concerns yielded more reliable answers than items that did not raise such concerns. The respondent-level models and cross-classified models indicated that five adult respondent characteristics were associated with giving the same answer in both interviews—education, the Big Five trait of conscientiousness, tobacco use, sex, and income. Hispanic youths and non-Hispanic black youths were less likely to give the same answer in both interviews. The cross-classified model also found that more words were associated with less reliable answers. The results are mostly consistent with earlier findings but are nonetheless important because they are much less model-dependent than the earlier work. In addition, this study is the first to incorporate such personality traits as needed for cognition and the Big Five personality factors and to examine the relationships among reliability, item nonresponse, and response latency.
Compact planetary nebulae: improved IR diagnostic criteria based on classification tree modelling
Authors: Akras Stavros , Guzman-Ramirez Lizette , Gonçalves Denise R 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Planetary nebulae (PNe) are strong H α line emitters and a lot of new PNe discoveries have been made by the SuperCOSMOS AAO/UKST H α Survey (SHS) and the Isaac Newton Telescope Photometric H α Survey (IPHAS). However, their resulting list of candidates turned out to be heavily contaminated from H α-line mimics like young stellar objects (YSOs) and/or H ii regions. The aim of this work is to find new infrared criteria that can better distinguish compact PNe from their mimics using a machine learning approach and the photometric data from the Two-Micron All-Sky Survey and Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer. Three classification tree models have been developed with the following colour criteria: W1 − W4 ≥ 7.87 and J − H &lt; 1.10; H − W2 ≥ 2.24 and J − H &lt; 0.50; and Ks− W3 ≥ 6.42 and J − H &lt; 1.31 providing a list of candidates, characterized by a high probability to be genuine PNe. The contamination of this list of candidates from H α mimics is low but not negligible. By applying these criteria to the IPHAS list of PN candidates and the entire IPHAS and VPHAS+ DR2 catalogues, we find 141 sources, from which 92 are known PNe, 39 are new very likely compact PNe (without an available classification or uncertain) and 10 are classified as H ii regions, Wolf–Rayet stars, AeBe stars, and YSOs. The occurrence of false-positive identifications in this technique is between 10 and 15 per cent.
On the observational behaviour of the highly polarized Type IIn supernova SN 2017hcc
Authors: Kumar Brajesh , Eswaraiah Chakali , Singh Avinash , Sahu D K , Anupama G C , Kawabata K S , Yamanaka Masayuki , Otsubo Ikki , Pandey S B , Nakaoka Tatsuya , Kawabata Miho , Aryan Amar , Akitaya Hiroshi 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
We present the results based on photometric (Swift UVOT), broad-band polarimetric (V and Rbands) and optical spectroscopic observations of the Type IIn supernova (SN) 2017hcc. Our study is supplemented with spectropolarimetric data available in literature for this event. The post-peak light-curve evolution is slow (∼0.2 mag 100 d−1 in b band). The spectrum of ∼+27 d shows a blue continuum with narrow emission lines, typical of a Type IIn SN. Archival polarization data along with the Gaia DR2 distances have been utilized to evaluate the interstellar polarization (ISP) towards the SN direction which is found to be PISP = 0.17 ± 0.02 per cent and θISP = 140° ± 3°. To extract the intrinsic polarization of SN 2017hcc, both the observed and the literature polarization measurements were corrected for ISP. We noticed a significant decline of ∼3.5 per cent (V band) in the intrinsic level of polarization spanning a period of ∼2 months. In contrast, the intrinsic polarization angles remain nearly constant at all epochs. Our study indicates a substantial variation in the degree of asymmetry in either the ejecta and/or the surrounding medium of SN 2017hcc. We also estimate a mass-loss rate of $\dot{M}$ = 0.12 M⊙ yr−1 (for v$\mathrm{ w}$ = 20 km s−1) which suggests that the progenitor of SN 2017hcc is most likely a luminous blue variable.