bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Developing an Observation Instrument to Measure Technological Pedagogical Knowledge (TPK) of Biology Teacher in Learning Process
Authors: Astuti F E C , Paidi  
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Technological Pedagogical Knowledge (TPK) was a knowledge that must be mastered by the teacher for measuring a suitable technology for supporting the strategic application of teaching. TPK was important to be studied because it was the most influencing aspect for teacher’s TPACK. Basically, there was no observation instrument that discovers the TPK of biology teacher. The aim of this research was to develop an observation instrument for measuring TPK of biology teacher in learning process. The method used is design and development research (DDR) by Richey and Klein model. The instrument framework was developed based on educational standard for teacher in Indonesia, and then it was used to develop the items. Instrument will be tested for face validity by evaluation and education experts. Instruments that pass the face validity check were tried out on 11 teachers from six schools in DIY and Central Java region. The result showed that 11 items pass the empirical validity based on point biserial correlation and interater reliability was 0.968 based on intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) - that means all items in the category were reliable. Thus, the observation instrument is qualified to measure the TPK of biology teacher in learning process.
Wing design of uav serindit v-1
Authors: Anuar K , Akbar M , Herisiswanto  
Published: June 2019

Abstract
UAVs are controlled aircraft without the presence of pilots in them. In its use, UAVs have been used for both military and civilian purposes. In the field of plantations, UAVs are used for mapping and monitoring (survey) of an area such as areas of industrial plantations, oil palm plantations and areas of forest fire disaster in a timely and precise manner. To develop a UAV capable of carrying out the mission of mapping the coastal estate’s area, in this research is done wing design UAV which is named serindit V-1. The design process begins with the design concept, then proceed with a preliminary design that aims to determine the dimensions and initial configuration of the wing UAV serindit V-1. Furthermore, the wing UAV serindit V-1 is simulated on XFLR5 software using Clark’s airfoil, GOE 611 and S7055. Simulations were performed to see the characteristics of aerodynamic at takeoff speed (12 m / s), cruising speed (20 m / s) and maximum speed (30 m / s). Simulation result at the take-off speed and cruising speed show the lift coefficients produced by the three airfoils meet the requirements. Then, the highest value of the lift coefficient ratio to the air drag coefficient at cruising speed, produced by airfoil S7055 at a 3-degree angle of attack. Furthermore, the graph of the pitching moment coefficient on all angles of attack produced by the three airfoils shows a negative gradient. This shows the condition of wing stability in the pitching direction.
Proximate and morphology properties of swat bamboo activated carbon carburized under different carbonization temperature
Authors: Astika I M , Negara D N K P , Kencanawati C I P K , Nindhia T G T , Hidajat F 
Published: June 2019

AbstractActivated carbon (AC) has an important role in many life fields. It has high porosity and very useful for gas mixtures separation and purification of air and water. Every application requires specific properties of AC. Characteristics of AC are strongly influenced by raw material and parameters of manufacturing process. This paper is focused to characterize of activated carbons (ACs) derived from swat bamboo (Gigantochloa verticillata) which is manufactured under different carbonization temperatures. Prepared samples of swat bamboo were carbonized by heating variations of 550, 650 and 750°C and held at such temperature for 1 hour. Char yielded is powdered and meshed to maximum grain size of 250um and then physically activated by heating up to 800°C, held for 1 hour by flowing of 150 mL / min nitrogen. The results show that there was an increase in fix carbon and carbon contents from raw material to char and from char to ACs yielded; there were a little bit increase of fix carbon and carbon contents proportional to increasing of carbonization temperature. The maximum fix carbon (74.73%) and C (75.52) were obtained at carbonization temperature of 750°C. SEM observation showed that there has been a change in the morphology microstructure from raw material to activated carbons, wherein the ACs the pores structures clearly can be observed.
Wear of nickel-tungsten layer on carbon steel with varying contact surface temperature
Authors: Widiyarta I M , Parwata I M , Lokantara I P 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The aim of Nickel-Tungsten coatings on the material of carbon steel is to improve the wear resistance of the material. However, with the elevated contact temperature due to friction force in the surface area of sliding may alter the wear resistance of Nickel-Tungsten layers. If the elevated temperature is quite high to reduce the hardness performance of Nickel-Tungsten layers, the layers may be degraded more quickly. In this work, Nickel-Tungsten was deposited on the surface of medium carbon steel in the process of flame powder spray coating with layer thickness of about 0.2 mm. The wear test was conducted using linear reciprocating ball-on-plat with varying surface temperature of about 30°C up to about 250°C. The wear rate and wear mechanism of Nickel-Tungsten layer is investigated.
Properties of thermal conductivity, density and hardness of aluminium matrices with reinforcement of sicw / al2o3 hybrid after sintering process
Authors: Suarsana K , Astika I M , Sunu P W 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The material of composite hybrid Al / (SiCw + Al2O3) is a mixture of fine aluminium powder as a matrix while Silicon Carbide whiskers (SiCw) and Alumina (Al2O3) as reinforcement. Powder metallurgy method is used to manufacture composites according to the form of test specimens. Testing without treatment and after sintering treatment with temperature parameters and sintering time of 500 and 600°C at holding time 6 hours. This research was conducted to know the properties of thermal conductivity, hardness, density and SEM analysis after sintering process. The results show that the sintering process that has been carried out can provide a percentage increase and affect the composite properties. Improved thermal, hardness and density occurs due to stronger or denser interface bonds between the matrix and reinforcement influenced by increasing sintering temperatures, so sintering processes can affect composites on physical and mechanical properties.
The using of sound signal and simple microphone to detect damages in induction motor
Authors: Huda F , Anggriawan A , Rusli M 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
In this work, the induction motor damage detection based on sound signal was developed by using simple microphone and sound card as sound data grabber to reduce the cost of instrument. For that purpose, the induction motor apparatus was constructed, and the artificial damages were applied to induction motor to make the conditions of unbalance, broken rotor, and bearing fault. The Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) and wavelet transform were then used to process sound signal, to show the signature of each type of damage. The results show that the unbalance exhibited very clear large wavelet coefficient in the frequency of 1x rotational speed. In the broken rotor bar damage, the strong red color of wavelet graph appeared in the sideband frequencies associated with the broken rotor bar (fBB). Further more, the bearing fault case showed the different color contour of wavelet graph in the ball-pass outer raceway frequency (fBPOF). It can be concluded that the using of sound signal and simple microphone were powerful tools to detect unbalance, broken rotor and bearing fault in induction motor.
Solidification characteristic of cu-20%sn bronze alloys casting process by using sand and metal molds
Authors: Sugita I K G , Priambadi I G N , Kencanawati C I P K , Astawa K 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Solidification is an essential part of casting process. This is a change process range from liquid phase into solid phase. Difference of solidification rate affects the needed time to change liquid phase into solid phase as well as the release of latent heat. This study aimed at reviewing solidification characteristic of Cu-20%Sn Bronze Alloys as Balinese gamelan materials during casting process by using sand and metal molds. Pure commercial copper (Cu) and white tin (Sn) were melted in crucible furnace until 1000°C. The melted metal was poured into sand and metal molds. History of solidification temperature was measured and recorded by using thermocouple type K which was directly connected to computer equipped with data acquisition system. The results of this study showed that the solidification rate of casting process in metal molds faster than sollidification rate on using sand molds. Finer dendrites with multiple branches are formed on casting on metal molds than compared that dendrite forms that produced on castings by sand molds
An ensemble method for interval-censored time-to-event data
Authors: Yao Weichi , Frydman Halina , Simonoff Jeffrey S 
Published: June 2019

Summary
Interval-censored data analysis is important in biomedical statistics for any type of time-to-event response where the time of response is not known exactly, but rather only known to occur between two assessment times. Many clinical trials and longitudinal studies generate interval-censored data; one common example occurs in medical studies that entail periodic follow-up. In this article, we propose a survival forest method for interval-censored data based on the conditional inference framework. We describe how this framework can be adapted to the situation of interval-censored data. We show that the tuning parameters have a non-negligible effect on the survival forest performance and guidance is provided on how to tune the parameters in a data-dependent way to improve the overall performance of the method. Using Monte Carlo simulations, we find that the proposed survival forest is at least as effective as a survival tree method when the underlying model has a tree structure, performs similarly to an interval-censored Cox proportional hazards model fit when the true relationship is linear, and outperforms the survival tree method and Cox model when the true relationship is nonlinear. We illustrate the application of the method on a tooth emergence data set.
Improving the Infectious Diseases Physician Scientist Workforce From the View of Junior Investigators: Vision, Transparency, and Reproducibility
Authors: Collins Jeffrey M , Wallender Erika K , Woodworth Michael H 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Shortcomings in the current pipeline of infectious disease physician scientists are well documented. With a focus on the transition of early stage investigators to research independence, we outline challenges in existing training pathways for physician scientists. We urge leaders of infectious disease societies, divisions, and governmental and nongovernmental funding organizations to reinvigorate a vision for nurturing trainees with interests in research, to seek transparency in physician scientist funding mechanisms, and to encourage efforts to improve the reproducibility of outcomes for talented junior investigators. We feel that the alternative to making these changes will lead to further drop-off in the physician scientist pipeline in a field that has a perpetual need for research.
CHA2DS2-VASc score performance to predict stroke after acute decompensated heart failure with and without reduced ejection fraction
Authors: Berkovitch Anat , Mazin Israel , Younis Arwa , Shlomo Nir , Nof Eyal , Goldenberg Ilan , Beinart Roy 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

Aims
To validate the utility of CHA2DS2-VASc score to predict the annual risk of stroke in patients admitted with acute heart failure, comparing those with preserved ejection fraction (HF-presEF) and reduced ejection fraction (HF-redEF).

Methods and results
We investigated 2922 patients with known atrial fibrillation who were admitted to the Sheba Medical Center for acute decompensated heart failure (HF). Anticoagulation therapy was prescribed based on CHA2DS2-VASc score or physician’s discretion. Subjects were divided into four pre-specified groups based on HF type and median CHA2DS2-VASc score: HF-presEF with CHA2DS2-VASc <5(N = 731), HF-presEF with CHA2DS2-VASc ≥5 (N = 1102), HF-redEF with CHA2DS2-VASc <5 (N = 563), and HF-redEF with CHADS2-VASc ≥5 (N = 526). The primary endpoint was an ischaemic stroke at 1 year. Mean age of the study population was 79 ± 11 years, of whom more than half were women. The median CHA2DS2-VASc score for the entire study population was 5.0 (interquartile range 25–75%: 4–6). Stroke rate for the entire study population was 6.6%. Multivariate Cox regression proportional hazards regression analysis revealed that in both HF-redEF and HF-presEF patients, each one-point increment in CHA2DS2-VASc was associated with a corresponding 28% increase in stroke risk (P < 0.001). The Kaplan–Meier’s survival analysis revealed that in the same CHADS2-VASc category (high vs. low), no difference was found between HF-redEF and HF-presEF with regards to the risk of stroke.

Conclusion
Our key finding is that the CHA2DS2-VASc score is a valid and powerful predictor of subsequent stroke among patients admitted with acute heart failure decompensation regardless of heart failure type.
GalK limits type I-F CRISPR-Cas expression in a CRP-dependent manner
Authors: Hampton Hannah G , Patterson Adrian G , Chang James T , Taylor Corinda , Fineran Peter C 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACT
CRISPR-Cas adaptive immune systems protect bacteria from phage predation, and other foreign genetic elements such as plasmids. Significant advances have been made regarding how CRISPR-Cas systems elicit immunity; however, comparatively little is known about their regulation. To study CRISPR-Cas regulation, we describe the construction of suicide lacZ-reporter plasmids with different antibiotic resistance cassettes. Through recombination into the host chromosome, single-copy expression can be achieved, thus preserving natural gene expression and maintaining a reporter expression output that reflects regulation within a normal genomic context. Previous work determined that the galactose metabolism gene galM, decreased the expression of the cas operon in Pectobacterium atrosepticum. We used the new integrative reporters to investigate galK, a gene that is located elsewhere in the genome and is responsible for the conversion of α-D-Galactose to Galactose-1-P during galactose metabolism. Deletion of galK led to elevated cas expression in a CRP-dependent manner but had no effect on CRISPR array expression. These results highlight that the metabolic status of the host cell is linked to the induction of CRISPR-Cas immunity.
Has retinal gene therapy come of age? From bench to bedside and back to bench
Authors: Trapani Ivana , Auricchio Alberto 
Published: June 2019

AbstractRetinal gene therapy has advanced considerably in the past three decades. Initial efforts have been devoted to comprehensively explore and optimize the transduction abilities of gene delivery vectors, define the appropriate intraocular administration routes and obtain evidence of efficacy in animal models of inherited retinal diseases (IRDs). Successful translation in clinical trials of the initial promising proof-of-concept studies led to the important milestone of the first approved product for retinal gene therapy in both US and Europe. The unprecedented clinical development observed during the last decade in the field is however highlighting new challenges that will need to be overcome to bring gene therapy to fruition to a larger patient population within and beyond the realm of IRDs.
In situ target strength of bigeye tuna (Thunnus obesus) associated with fish aggregating devices
Authors: Boyra G , Moreno G , Orue B , Sobradillo B , Sancristobal I 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Bigeye tuna (Thunnus obesus) is an important commercial fish species, which aggregates around fish aggregating devices (FADs) together with other tropical tuna species. Acoustics is the main technology used by fishers and scientists for the location and quantification of tunas at FADs. However, currently it is not possible to reliably discriminate between the different tropical tuna species that are found together at FADs using acoustic methods, which hampers the development of selective fishing needed to preserve some of the tropical tuna species for which overfishing is occurring. One of the prerequisites for species discrimination is to know the target strength (TS) of each species at different frequencies. This paper measures in situ TS values and explores the frequency response of bigeye tuna at FADs in the central Pacific Ocean using three different acoustic frequencies. For the range of body length caught (40–100 cm), the obtained b20 values were −65, −66, and −72 dB for 38, 120, and 200 kHz, respectively. The decreasing frequency response pattern obtained for this swimbladder bearing species contrasts with the opposite pattern previously observed for skipjack tuna (bladder-less), the most abundant tuna species found at FADs, hence allowing the potential for discrimination between the two species.
Interaction With Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae Alters Progression of Streptococcus pneumoniae From Colonization to Disease in a Site-Specific Manner
Authors: Lewnard Joseph A , Givon-Lavi Noga , Dagan Ron 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundPneumococci and nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) often cocolonize children. The impact of species interactions on disease risk across the upper respiratory mucosa is not known.MethodsWe analyzed data from 4104 acute conjunctivitis (AC) cases, 11 767 otitis media (OM) cases, and 1587 nasopharyngeal specimens collected from Israeli children before pneumococcal conjugate vaccine introduction. We compared pneumococcal serotype distributions with NTHi present and absent, and compared single-species and mixed-species rates of serotype-specific progression from colonization to AC and OM.ResultsPneumococcal serotypes causing single-species OM (NTHi absent) were less diverse than colonizing serotypes and also less diverse than those causing mixed-species OM; colonizing and OM-causing pneumococcal serotype distributions were more similar to each other with NTHi present than with NTHi absent. In contrast, serotype diversity did not differ appreciably between colonizing and AC-causing pneumococci, regardless of NTHi co-occurrence. The similarity of colonizing and AC-causing pneumococcal serotype distributions was consistent in the presence and absence of NTHi. Differences in rates that pneumococcal serotypes progressed from colonization to disease were reduced in both AC and OM when NTHi was present.ConclusionsInteractions with NTHi may alter progression of pneumococcal serotypes to diseases of the upper respiratory mucosa in a site-specific manner.
Whistler instability based on observed flat-top two-component electron distributions in the Earth's magnetosphere
Authors: Qureshi M N S , Nasir Warda , Bruno R , Masood W 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTOne of the fundamental features of space plasmas is the observation of non-Maxwellian particle velocity distributions. In the present study, we observe electron velocity distributions in the Earth's magnetosphere at times when the electron density is low, typical of cusp values, and when it is enhanced as a result of disturbances by the solar wind. We find that electron distributions are flat-topped and have two populations: one cold and one hot. We fit the observed electron distributions by a generalized $( {r,q} )$ distribution, and derive and plot expressions for the real frequency and growth rate using fitted and observed parameters. We show that enhancement in the density of hot electrons enhances the growth rate of whistler waves, which play an important role in energy transport in the Earth's magnetosphere.
Asymmetric Pedicle Subtraction Osteotomy for Adult Spinal Deformity with Coronal Imbalance: Complications, Radiographic and Surgical Outcomes
Authors: Chan Andrew K , Lau Darryl , Osorio Joseph A , Yue John K , Berven Sigurd H , Burch Shane , Hu Serena S , Mummaneni Praveen V , Deviren Vedat , Ames Christopher P 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Asymmetric pedicle subtraction osteotomy (APSO) can be utilized for adult spinal deformity (ASD) with fixed coronal plane imbalance. There are few reports investigating outcomes following APSO and no series that include multiple revision cases.

OBJECTIVE
To detail our surgical technique and experience with APSO.

METHODS
All thoracolumbar ASD cases with a component of fixed, coronal plane deformity who underwent APSO from 2004 to 2016 at one institution were retrospectively reviewed. Preoperative and latest follow-up radiographic parameters and data on surgical outcomes and complications were obtained.

RESULTS
Fourteen patients underwent APSO with mean follow-up of 37-mo. Ten (71.4%) were revision cases. APSO involved a mean 12-levels (range 7-25) and were associated with 3.0 L blood loss (range 1.2-4.5) and 457-min of operative time (range 283-540). Surgical complications were observed in 64.3%, including durotomy (35.7%), pleural injury (14.3%), persistent neurologic deficit (14.3%), rod fracture (7.1%), and painful iliac bolt requiring removal (7.1%). Medical complications were observed in 14.3%, comprising urosepsis and 2 cases of pneumonia. Two 90-d readmissions (14.3%) and 5 reoperations (4 patients, 28.6%) occurred. Mean thoracolumbar curve and coronal vertical axis improved from 31.5 to 16.4 degrees and 7.8 to 2.9 cm, respectively. PI-LL mismatch, mean sagittal vertical axis, and pelvic tilt improved from 40.0 to 27.9-degrees, 10.7 to 3.5-cm, and 34.4 to 28.3-degrees, respectively.

CONCLUSION
The APSO, in both a revision and non-revision ASD population, provides excellent restoration of coronal balance—in addition to sagittal and pelvic parameters. Employment of APSO must be balanced with the associated surgical complication rate (64.3%).