bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mapping Software-Engineering Industry AI Use to Software-Engineering Curriculum: Developing the AI-USE Framework
Authors: Lilholt Addison , Heverin Thomas 
Published: December 2024

Estimates predict a global deficit of 4 million software engineers by 2025, further complicated by the software engineering (SE) industry's escalating use of artificial intelligence (AI). To tackle this issue, our research suggests that computer science (CS) curricula in middle and high schools need to be updated to incorporate SE industry segments that significantly employ AI. This strategic curriculum alignment is significant for preparing a workforce equipped to meet future industry demands. Our initial analysis involved reviewing nine international AI education guidelines to evaluate current methods for integrating AI into SE education. The findings indicated a pronounced lack of specific guidance connecting AI applications in the SE industry with educational content. To address this, we performed a systematic literature review of 12 research papers focusing on AI's role across the SE industry, followed by multiple rounds of inductive content analysis. An industry segment was deemed "essential" if it was referenced in 75% or more of the papers' findings.
Through this method, we identified 10 essential SE industry segments for inclusion in CS education: software development, software maintenance, process improvement, software economics, knowledge management, project management, software testing, software security, quality assurance, and deployment and operations (DevOps). These findings led to the creation of the AI-USE (Artificial Intelligence Usage in Software Engineering) framework, which maps these 10 key segments to the predominant uses of SE in the industry as identified in the literature. Further inductive content analysis helped us develop subsegments for these essential areas. Ongoing framework development involves refining these subsegments and gathering feedback from industry and academic professionals. We anticipate that the fully developed AI-USE framework will significantly enhance SE education, equipping the next generation of software engineers with the AI proficiency required to address the industry’s evolving demands.
Use of Immunoglobulin Replacement Therapy in Clinical Practice: A Review
Authors: Ahmed Jibran , Choi Yeonjoo , Ko Taeyeong , Lim JoAnn , Hajjar Joud 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT
Immunoglobulins (Igs) are produced by B lymphocytes and play a key role in humoral immunity. Igs are classified into five isotypes (IgG, IgA, IgM, IgE, and IgD). Their primary function is to recognize and bind to foreign antigens. When Igs bind to antigens, they facilitate phagocytosis and promote clearance mediated by other immune cells. It is an essential component in protecting the host from outside pathogens. Hypogammaglobulinemia predisposes an individual to severe and recurrent infections. Therefore, replacement therapy is recommended to maintain optimal Ig level. In addition, Igs can modulate immune responses by to neutralizing proteins such as endotoxins or receptor-binding antibodies. They can be used to manage excessive immune reactions and autoimmune-related diseases. In this review, we aimed to summarize the clinical indications for Ig therapy for practicing oncologists.
Rethinking communication principles to foster internal communities: A South African retirement village case study
Authors: Sutton Lucinda Bella-May , Bezuidenhout Louise 
Published: December 2024

Rethinking internal communication from a community perspective has been advocated, but little is available on the communication principles underpinning internal community-building. This qualitative case study of a South African retirement village, where semi-structured interviews with management, as well as focus groups with residents were used to collect data, enabled the inductive identification of four communication principles that foster internal communities within this non-traditional internal context: participation and collaboration, and shared values (both of which were previously identified in the building of communities), and inclusivity and a sense of belonging, and transparency and ethical communication (of which neither was previously linked to internal community-building). These four principles align with the two-way symmetrical communication worldview and the African philosophy of ubuntu; their identification extends the public relations body of knowledge on community building through internal communication in the South African context.
Kink Instability of Flux Ropes in Partially Ionized Plasmas
Authors: Murtas Giulia , Hillier Andrew , Snow Ben 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In the solar atmosphere, flux ropes are subject to current-driven instabilities that are crucial in driving plasma eruptions, ejections, and heating. A typical ideal magnetohydrodynamics instability developing in flux ropes is the helical kink, which twists the flux rope axis. The growth of this instability can trigger magnetic reconnection, which can explain the formation of chromospheric jets and spicules, but its development has never been investigated in a partially ionized plasma (PIP). Here, we study the kink instability in PIP to understand how it develops in the solar chromosphere, where it is affected by charge-neutral interactions. Partial ionization speeds up the onset of the nonlinear phase of the instability, as the plasma β of the isolated plasma is smaller than the total plasma β of the bulk. The distribution of the released magnetic energy changes in fully ionized plasma and PIP, with a larger increase in internal energy associated with the PIP cases. The temperature in PIP increases faster also due to heating terms from the two-fluid dynamics. PIP effects trigger kink instability on shorter time scales, which is reflected in more explosive chromospheric flux rope dynamics. These results are crucial to understanding the dynamics of small-scale chromospheric structures—minifilament eruptions—that thus far have been largely neglected but could significantly contribute to chromospheric heating and jet formation.
The Lyα Dependence on Nebular Properties from the HETDEX and MOSDEF Surveys
Authors: Chávez Ortiz Óscar A. , Leung Gene C. K. , Finkelstein Steven L. , Davis Dustin , Sutherland Ralph S. , Nicholls David C. , Stephenson Mabel , Mentuch Cooper Erin , Bagley Micaela , Gebhardt Karl , House Lindsay R. , Liu Chenxu , Ciardullo Robin , Gronwall Caryl , Hill Gary J. , Farrow Daniel , Schneider Donald P. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Investigating the impact of galaxy properties on emergent Lyα emission is crucial for reionization studies, given the sensitivity of Lyα to neutral hydrogen. This study presents an analysis of the physical characteristics of 155 star-forming galaxies, 29 with Lyα detected, and 126 with Lyα not detected with Lyα EW < 20 Å, at z = 1.9–3.5, drawn from the MOSFIRE Deep Evolution Field survey, that have overlapping observations from the Hobby–Eberly Telescope Dark Energy Experiment survey. To unravel the interstellar medium (ISM) conditions in our sample, we developed a custom nebular line modeling algorithm based on the MAPPINGS V photoionization model grid and the emcee framework. Combining nebular-based ISM properties with photometry-based global properties, constrained via Bagpipes, we explore distinctions in the stellar and gas properties between Lyα-detected and Lyα-nondetected galaxies. Our analysis reveals statistically significant differences between the two samples in terms of stellar mass and dust attenuation (A

V
) at >2σ significance, as determined via a Kolmogorov–Smirnov test. Moreover, there are weaker (≲1σ significance) indications that the ionization parameter and metallicity differ between the two samples. Our results demonstrate that the escape fraction of Lyα (

f

esc

Ly
α

) is inversely correlated with stellar mass, star formation rate, and dust attenuation, while it is positively correlated with the ionization parameter, with significance levels exceeding 2σ. Our findings suggest that the interstellar environments of Lyα-detected galaxies, characterized by low mass, low dust, low gas-phase metallicity, and high ionization parameters, play a pivotal role in promoting the escape of Lyα radiation.
MHD Modeling of a Geoeffective Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejection with the Magnetic Topology Informed by In Situ Observations
Authors: Provornikova Elena , Merkin Viacheslav G. , Vourlidas Angelos , Malanushenko Anna , Gibson Sarah E. , Winter Eric , Arge Charles N. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Variations of the magnetic field within a solar coronal mass ejection (CME) in the heliosphere depend on the CME’s magnetic structure as it leaves the solar corona and its interplanetary evolution. To account for this evolution, we developed a new numerical model of the inner heliosphere that simulates the propagation of a CME through a realistic solar wind background and allows various CME magnetic topologies. To this end, we incorporate the Gibson–Low CME model within our global MHD model of the inner heliosphere, GAMERA-Helio. We apply the model to study the propagation of the geoeffective CME that erupted on 2010 April 3, aiming to reproduce the temporal variations of the magnetic field vector during the CME’s passage by Earth. Parameters of the Gibson–Low CME are informed by STEREO white-light observations near the Sun. The magnetic topology for this CME—the tethered flux rope—is informed by in situ magnetic field observations near Earth. We performed two simulations testing different CME propagation directions. For an in-ecliptic direction, the simulation shows a rotation of all three magnetic field components within the CME, as seen at Earth, similar to that observed. However, the magnitudes of the components, particularly at the back of the CME, are underestimated by the model. With a southward direction, suggested by coronal imaging observations, the B

x
component lacks the observed change from negative to positive. In both cases, the model favors the east–west orientation of the flux rope, consistent with the orientation previously inferred from the images from STEREO/Heliospheric Imager.
Confirming the Tidal Tails of the Young Open Cluster Blanco 1 with TESS Rotation Periods
Authors: Sha Lizhou , Vanderburg Andrew M. , Bouma Luke G. , Huang Chelsea X. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Blanco 1 is an ≈130 Myr open cluster located 240 pc from the Sun, below the Galactic plane. Recent studies have reported the existence of diffuse tidal tails extending 50–60 pc from the cluster center based on the positions and velocities measured by Gaia. To independently assess the reality and extent of this structure, we used light curves generated from TESS full-frame images to search for photometric rotation periods of stars in and around Blanco 1. We detected rotation periods down to a stellar effective temperature of ≈3100 K in 347 of the 603 cluster member candidates for which we have light curves. For cluster members in the core and candidate members in the tidal tails, both within a temperature range of 4400–6200 K, 74% and 72% of the rotation periods, respectively, are consistent with the single-star gyrochronological sequence. In contrast, a comparison sample of field stars yielded gyrochrone-consistent rotation periods for only 8.5% of the stars. The tidal tail candidates’ overall conformance to the core members’ gyrochrone sequence implies that their contamination ratio is consistent with zero and <0.33 at the 2σ level. This result confirms the existence of Blanco 1 tidal tails and doubles the number of Blanco 1 members for which there are both spatio-kinematic and rotation-based cluster membership verification. Extending the strategy of using TESS light curves for gyrochronology to other nearby young open clusters and stellar associations may provide a viable strategy for mapping out their dissolution and broadening the search for young exoplanets.
Electrostatic Solitary Waves in Electronegative Martian Plasma
Authors: Varghese Steffy Sara , Singh Kuldeep , Verheest Frank , Kourakis Ioannis 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The solar wind interacts with planetary magnetospheres, generating plasma waves in both the upstream region and the magnetospheric environment. Mars, lacking an inherent magnetic field, has an induced magnetosphere formed through solar wind interaction with its ionosphere. These waves are crucial for momentum and energy exchange within the planetary plasma environment. This study focuses on the existence and dynamics of electrostatic solitary waves (ESWs) in Martian ionospheric plasma, characterized by various flowing ions. We employ a multifluid plasma model incorporating positive (streaming) ions, negative ions, and two distinct kappa-distributed electron populations to study ESW propagation in the Martian ionosphere from first principles. Linear analysis reveals four distinct modes, including a subsonic mode due to the negative-ion beam. Electrostatic waves may become unstable due to a beam instability excited at long wavelengths. Seeking stationary profile solutions, an energy balance equation is obtained in the moving reference frame, and the shape of the solitary wave can thus be predicted numerically. A meticulous analysis reveals that either positive- or negative-polarity ESWs (or both) may occur (simultaneously) in the Martian environment. In addition to conventional bipolar E-field waveforms, our theoretical model predicts the existence of wiggly bipolar pulses (supersolitary waves) and offset bipolar pulses (flat-top solitary waves) in Martian plasma. Comparison of our model’s predictions with real observational plasma parameters indicates that, like Martian magnetosheath plasma, ionospheric plasma may sustain ESWs measuring several tens of millivolts per meter.
Magnetohydrodynamic Instabilities of Double Magnetic Bands in a Shallow-water Tachocline Model. II. Teleconnection Between High- and Low-latitude Bands and Across Equator
Authors: Dikpati Mausumi , Belucz Bernadett , Erdélyi Robertus , Gilman Peter A. , McIntosh Scott W. , Raphaldini Breno 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The “extended solar cycle” indicates that there are two deeply seated toroidal magnetic field bands in each hemisphere. Both bands migrate equatorward as a sunspot cycle progresses. Here, we examine the consequences of global MHD instability of this migrating double-band system in tachocline on the latitudinal structure of unstable modes, which are essentially MHD Rossby waves. We find that latitude-location, latitude-separation, and the amplitude of the bands strongly influence the latitudinal structure and growth rates of the unstable modes of both symmetries about the equator. These properties can lead to “teleconnections” between low- and high-latitudes in each hemisphere and across the equator. High-latitude bands can destabilize low-latitude bands that would otherwise be stable. Stronger high-latitude bands lead to strong interactions between low and high latitude in each hemisphere, but inhibit cross-equatorial band-interaction. Strong cross-equatorial interactions of modes can synchronize cycle minima in north and south. Symmetric and antisymmetric modes of similar amplitudes can lead to substantial asymmetries between north and south. As a solar cycle progresses, excited MHD Rossby waves go through a sequence of changes in latitude structure and growth rate, while maintaining strong links in latitude. These changes and links are theoretical evidence of teleconnections between widely separated latitudes and longitudes in the Sun, which may explain many of the evolving surface magnetic patterns observed as a solar cycle progresses. The wider the separation between high- and low-latitude bands, the earlier the cross-equatorial teleconnection starts in a cycle, and hence the earlier the cycle starts declining.
Magnetic Diagnostics of Prominence Eruptions through the Hanle Effect of the He i 1083 nm Line
Authors: Molnar Momchil E. , Casini Roberto 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The magnetic field vector of the solar corona is not regularly and comprehensively being measured because of the complexity and degeneracy inherently present in the types of observations currently available. To address some of the current limitations of coronal polarimetry, we present computations that demonstrate the possibility of magnetometry using the unsaturated Hanle effect of the He i 1083 nm line. The main purpose of this investigation is to show how the linear polarization of this line can be used to routinely diagnose the orientation of the field in erupting prominences, thus providing an important constraint on the B

z
determination at 1 AU. For this work, we adopted a simplified magnetic model of a flux rope, consisting of a toroidal helical structure embedded in a hydrostatically stratified corona. Our results demonstrate the possibility to discern different orientations of the magnetic field vector in such structures under rather general and practicable viewing conditions. In particular, observations from the Sun–Earth Lagrange points are found to provide excellent locations for the deployment of synoptic instruments aiming at the estimation of the magnetic field of Earth-directed coronal mass ejections. We complete our demonstration by showing how a small (∼5 cm) space-borne coronagraph can achieve sufficient signal-to-noise ratios to make the coronal magnetometry goal outlined above feasible.
Asymmetries in the Simulated Ozone Distribution on TRAPPIST-1e due to Orography
Authors: Bhongade Anand , Marsh Daniel R , Sainsbury-Martinez Felix , Cooke Gregory 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
TRAPPIST-1e is a tidally locked rocky exoplanet orbiting the habitable zone of an M dwarf star. Upcoming observations are expected to reveal new rocky exoplanets and their atmospheres around M dwarf stars. To interpret these future observations we need to model the atmospheres of such exoplanets. We configured Community Earth System Model version 2–Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model version 6, a chemistry climate model, for the orbit and stellar irradiance of TRAPPIST-1e assuming an initial Earth-like atmospheric composition. Our aim is to characterize the possible ozone (O3) distribution and explore how this is influenced by the atmospheric circulation shaped by orography, using the Helmholtz wind decomposition and meridional mass streamfunction. The model included Earth-like orography, and the substellar point was located over the Pacific Ocean. For such a scenario, our analysis reveals a north–south asymmetry in the simulated O3 distribution. The O3 concentration is highest at pressures >10 hPa (below ∼30 km) near the south pole. This asymmetry arises from the higher landmass fraction in the northern hemisphere, which causes drag in near-surface flows and leads to an asymmetric meridional overturning circulation. Catalytic species were roughly symmetrically distributed and were not found to be primary driver for the O3 asymmetry. The total O3 column density was higher for TRAPPIST-1e compared to Earth, with 8000 Dobson units (DUs) near the south pole and 2000 DU near the north pole. The results emphasize the sensitivity of O3 to model parameters, illustrating how incorporating Earth-like orography can affect atmospheric dynamics and O3 distribution. This link between surface features and atmospheric dynamics underlines the importance of how changing model parameters used to study exoplanet atmospheres can influence the interpretation of observations.
Are There Black Hole Symbiotic X-Ray Binaries?
Authors: Deng Zhu-Ling , Li Xiang-Dong 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
While there are over a dozen known neutron star (NS) symbiotic X-ray binaries (SyXBs) in the Galaxy, no SyXBs containing a black hole (BH) have been detected. We address this problem by incorporating binary population synthesis and the accretion properties of BHs fed by the wind from red giant companions. We investigate the impact of different supernova mechanisms, kick velocity distributions, and wind velocities on the formation of both NS and BH SyXBs. Our simulations show that the number of BH SyXBs is at most one-sixth of that of NS SyXBs in the Galaxy provided that the common envelope efficiency parameter α ∼ 0.3–5, and less than ∼10 BH SyXBs could be detectable in X-ray, considering their low radiation efficiencies. These findings indicate a scarcity of BH SyXBs in the Galaxy.
De la performativité dans les lieux de la culture : hybridations réunionnaises entre le slam, le rap et le fonnkèr
Authors: Glâtre Philippe 
Published: December 2024

Résumé : À travers l’étude anthropologique comparative des « modernités littéraires alternatives » que sont le slam, le fonnkèr, pratique poétique orale réunionnaise, et en filigrane, le rap, cet article vise à comprendre les processus transculturels qui se jouent dans ces formes contemporaines. En réfléchissant depuis La Réunion sur un corpus de performances, d’entretiens, d’observations participantes et d’affiches, nous verrons en quoi ces hybridations comportent une dimension performative qui s’articule autour de la langue, des canons poétiques et de ce que Homi Bhabha appelle les « lieux de la culture ». Si elles sont souvent reléguées au rang de pratiques subalternes, ces poésies orales favorisent l’émergence des minorités en engageant des pratiques qui réarticulent cultures lettrées et populaires. Elles font ainsi place à des énonciations féminines, tout en se distinguant les unes des autres sur les questions postcoloniales qui sont au cœur du discours du fonnkèr. Par des procédés stylistiques et rythmiques dans lesquels on perçoit une intention à la fois performancielle et performative, elles instaurent également un rapport autant ludique que conflictuel avec les canons poétiques français. Leurs divergences de positionnement vis-à-vis du fait urbain, enfin, indiquent des rapports différents aux espaces où se joue une négociation entre visibilité et authenticité.
Revisiting Kilns Typologies to Reconstruct Firing Traditions Transformations
Authors: Padovani Claire 
Published: December 2024

Pyrotechnology remains underexplored in prehistoric societies, with limited documentation on kilns and firing techniques. Traditional typologies often emphasized efficiency as the main driver of kiln transformation, overlooking the social dynamics involved. This paper challenges this perspective by proposing a new methodology that distinguishes between the technical design and the morphology of firing structures and deconstructs each firing structure into its component parts, offering a deeper understanding of their operation. Focusing on the superposed-chamber kilns of Early Chalcolithic Southwest Asia, this paper examines two key examples: Kiln 345 from Yarim Tepe II (Halaf cultural horizon) and Kiln 14 from Tell el’Uwaili (Ubaid 1 cultural horizon). By analysing these kilns in context, we aim to uncover differences in morphology and firing process. Furthermore, by tracing the spread of morpho-structural Halaf and Ubaid kilns’ elements during the Middle Chalcolithic period, the study reveals that kiln morphology did not standardise, but rather diversified through selective borrowings of specific morphological traits between different communities of potters. However, the study also demonstrates that regional Early Chalcolithic firing traditions were persistent, highlighting the complex interplay between innovation and tradition in the development of firing practices.