bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cross-Linguistic Data Formats, advancing data sharing and re-use in comparative linguistics
Authors: Forkel Robert , List Johann-Mattis , Greenhill Simon J. , Rzymski Christoph , Bank Sebastian , Cysouw Michael , Hammarström Harald , Haspelmath Martin , Kaiping Gereon A. , Gray Russell D. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe amount of available digital data for the languages of the world is constantly increasing. Unfortunately, most of the digital data are provided in a large variety of formats and therefore not amenable for comparison and re-use. The Cross-Linguistic Data Formats initiative proposes new standards for two basic types of data in historical and typological language comparison (word lists, structural datasets) and a framework to incorporate more data types (e.g. parallel texts, and dictionaries). The new specification for cross-linguistic data formats comes along with a software package for validation and manipulation, a basic ontology which links to more general frameworks, and usage examples of best practices.
A database of marine larval fish assemblages in Australian temperate and subtropical waters
Authors: Smith James A. , Miskiewicz Anthony G. , Beckley Lynnath E. , Everett Jason D. , Garcia Valquíria , Gray Charles A. , Holliday David , Jordan Alan R. , Keane John , Lara-Lopez Ana , Leis Jeffrey M. , Matis Paloma A. , Muhling Barbara A. , Neira Francisco J. , Richardson Anthony J. , Smith Kimberley A. , Swadling Kerrie M. , Syahailatua Augy , Taylor Matthew D. , van Ruth Paul D. , Ward Tim M. , Suthers Iain M. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractLarval fishes are a useful metric of marine ecosystem state and change, as well as species-specific patterns in phenology. The high level of taxonomic expertise required to identify larval fishes to species level, and the considerable effort required to collect samples, make these data very valuable. Here we collate 3178 samples of larval fish assemblages, from 12 research projects from 1983-present, from temperate and subtropical Australian pelagic waters. This forms a benchmark for the larval fish assemblage for the region, and includes recent monitoring of larval fishes at coastal oceanographic reference stations. Comparing larval fishes among projects can be problematic due to differences in taxonomic resolution, and identifying all taxa to species is challenging, so this study reports a standard taxonomic resolution (of 218 taxa) for this region to help guide future research. This larval fish database serves as a data repository for surveys of larval fish assemblages in the region, and can contribute to analysis of climate-driven changes in the location and timing of the spawning of marine fishes.
Gridded emissions and land-use data for 2005–2100 under diverse socioeconomic and climate mitigation scenarios
Authors: Fujimori Shinichiro , Hasegawa Tomoko , Ito Akihiko , Takahashi Kiyoshi , Masui Toshihiko 
Published: October 2018

AbstractInformation on global future gridded emissions and land-use scenarios is critical for many climate and global environmental modelling studies. Here, we generated such data using an integrated assessment model (IAM) and have made the data publicly available. Although the Coupled Model Inter-comparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) offers similar data, our dataset has two advantages. First, the data cover a full range and combinations of socioeconomic and climate mitigation levels, which are considered as a range of plausible futures in the climate research community. Second, we provide this dataset based on a single integrated assessment modelling framework that enables a focus on purely socioeconomic factors or climate mitigation levels, which is unavailable in CMIP6 data, since it incorporates the outcomes of each IAM scenario. We compared our data with existing gridded data to identify the characteristics of the dataset and found both agreements and disagreements. This dataset can contribute to global environmental modelling efforts, in particular for researchers who want to investigate socioeconomic and climate factors independently.
Analysis of impact metrics for the Protein Data Bank
Authors: Markosian Christopher , Di Costanzo Luigi , Sekharan Monica , Shao Chenghua , Burley Stephen K. , Zardecki Christine 
Published: October 2018

AbstractSince 1971, the Protein Data Bank (PDB) archive has served as the single, global repository for open access to atomic-level data for biological macromolecules. The archive currently holds >140,000 structures (>1 billion atoms). These structures are the molecules of life found in all organisms. Knowing the 3D structure of a biological macromolecule is essential for understanding the molecule’s function, providing insights in health and disease, food and energy production, and other topics of concern to prosperity and sustainability. PDB data are freely and publicly available, without restrictions on usage. Through bibliometric and usage studies, we sought to determine the impact of the PDB across disciplines and demographics. Our analysis shows that even though research areas such as molecular biology and biochemistry account for the most usage, other fields are increasingly using PDB resources. PDB usage is seen across 150 disciplines in applied sciences, humanities, and social sciences. Data are also re-used and integrated with >400 resources. Our study identifies trends in PDB usage and documents its utility across research disciplines.
Fundamental physics and the absence of sub-millisecond pulsars
Authors: Haskell B. , Zdunik J. L. , Fortin M. , Bejger M. , Wijnands R. , Patruno A. 
Published: October 2018

Context. Rapidly rotating neutron stars are an ideal laboratory to test models of matter at high densities. In particular, the maximum rotation frequency of a neutron star depends on the equation of state and can be used to test models of the interior. However, observations of the spin distribution of rapidly rotating neutron stars show evidence for a lack of stars spinning at frequencies higher than f ≈ 700 Hz, well below the predictions of theoretical equations of state. This has generally been taken as evidence of an additional spin-down torque operating in these systems, and it has been suggested that gravitational wave torques may be operating and be linked to a potentially observable signal. Aims. We aim to determine whether additional spin-down torques (possibly due to gravitational wave emission) are necessary, or if the observed limit of f ≈ 700 Hz could correspond to the Keplerian (mass-shedding) break-up frequency for the observed systems, and is simply a consequence of the currently unknown state of matter at high densities.
Methods. Given our ignorance with regard to the true equation of state of matter above nuclear saturation densities, we make a minimal physical assumption and only demand causality, that is, that the speed of sound in the interior of the neutron star should be lower than or equal to the speed of light c. We then connected our causally limited equation of state to a realistic microphysical crustal equation of state for densities below nuclear saturation density. This produced a limiting model that gave the lowest possible maximum frequency, which we compared to observational constraints on neutron star masses and frequencies. We also compared our findings with the constraints on the tidal deformability obtained in the observations of the GW170817 event.
Results. We rule out centrifugal breakup as the mechanism preventing pulsars from spinning faster than f ≈ 700 Hz, as the lowest breakup frequency allowed by our causal equation of state is f ≈ 1200 Hz. A low-frequency cutoff, around f ≈ 800 Hz could only be possible when we assume that these systems do not contain neutron stars with masses above M ≈ 2 M⊙. This would have to be due either to selection effects, or possibly to a phase transition in the interior of the neutron star that leads to softening at high densities and a collapse to either a black hole or a hybrid star above M ≈ 2 M⊙. Such a scenario would, however, require a somewhat unrealistically stiff equation of state for hadronic matter, in tension with recent constraints obtained from gravitational wave observations of a neutron star merger.
AMICal Sat and ATISE: two space missions for auroral monitoring
Authors: Barthelemy Mathieu , Kalegaev Vladimir , Vialatte Anne , Le Coarer Etienne , Kerstel Erik , Basaev Alexander , Bourdarot Guillaume , Prugniaux Melanie , Sequies Thierry , Rolland Etienne , Aubert Emmanuelle , Grennerat Vincent , Ayasso Hacheme , Busom Vidal Arnau , Apper Fabien , Stepanov Mikhail , Escudier Benedicte , Croize Laurence , Romand Frederic , Payan Sebastien , Panasyuk Mikhail 
Published: October 2018

A lack of observable quantities renders it generally difficult to confront models of Space Weather with experimental data and drastically reduces the forecast accuracy. This is especially true for the region of Earth’s atmosphere between altitudes of 90 km and 300 km, which is practically inaccessible, except by means of remote sensing techniques. For this reason auroral emissions are an interesting proxy for the physical processes taking place in this region. This paper describes two future space missions, AMICal Sat and ATISE, that will rely on CubeSats to observe the aurora. These satellites will perform measurements of auroral emissions in order to reconstruct the deposition of particle precipitations in auroral regions. ATISE is a 12U CubeSat with a spectrometer and imager payloads. The spectrometer is built using the micro-Spectrometer-On-a-Chip (μSPOC) technology. It will work in the 370–900 nm wavelength range and allow for short exposure times of around 1 s. The spectrometer will have six lines of sight. The joint imager is a miniaturized wide-field imager based on the Teledyne-E2V ONYX detector in combination with a large aperture objective. Observation will be done at the limb and will enable reconstruction of the vertical profile of the auroral emissions. ATISE is planned to be launched in mid 2021. AMICal Sat is a 2U CubeSat that will embed the imager of ATISE and will observe the aurora both in limb and nadir configurations. This imager will enable measuring vertical profiles of the emission when observing in a limb configuration similar to that of ATISE. It will map a large part of the night side auroral oval with a resolution of the order of a few km. Both the spectrometer and imager will be calibrated with a photometric precision better than 10% using the moon as a wide-field, stable and extended source. Ground-based demonstrators of both instruments have been tested in 2017 in Norway and Svalbard. Even though some issues still need to be solved, the first results are very encouraging for the planned future space missions. Data interpretation will be done using the forward Transsolo code, a 1D kinetic code solving the Boltzmann equation along a local vertical and enabling simulation of the thermospheric and ionospheric emissions using precipitation data as input.
Expertenstandard „Beziehungsgestaltung in der Pflege von Menschen mit Demenz“
Authors: Schumann Susette 
Published: October 2018

Zusammenfassung
Pflegekompetenz Im neuen Expertenstandard hat die Expertenarbeitsgruppe des DNQP den Fokus auf das Thema Beziehungsgestaltung gelegt. Für Menschen mit Demenz ergibt eine positive Beziehungsgestaltung und eine verlässliche Bindung Sicherheit. Die Wahrnehmung dieser Menschen und ihrer Bedürfnisse nach einer sicheren Beziehung ist eine pflegerische Kompetenz und spiegelt sich in der Auswahl entsprechender Interventionen wider.
Geriatrisches Assessment Instrumentelle Aktivitäten des täglichen Lebens
Authors: Zemke Jens 
Published: October 2018

Zusammenfassung
Alltagskompetenz Mit voranschreitendem Alter sind die meisten Menschen von sozialen, körperlichen und psychischen Aktivitätseinschränkungen betroffen. Autonomieverlust und fehlende Selbsthilfefähigkeit bleiben häufig unentdeckt und somit auch lange unbehandelt. Im geriatrischen/gerontologischen Behandlungsumfeld wurden als Basis für eine gezielte Behandlungsplanung Assessmentinstrumente entwickelt, die eine einfache, valide und multiprofessionelle Einschätzung der Behandlungssituation zulassen und somit die pflegerische Betreuungsqualität steigern.
MRSA in der Reha-Klinik – praktische Gesichtspunkte
Authors: Flade Susanne 
Published: October 2018

Zusammenfassung
Praxis MRSA kommt inzwischen in jeder Lebenswelt vor und macht auch vor Rehabilitationskliniken nicht halt. Eine besondere Vulnerabilität weisen
Rehabilitanden im höheren Lebensalter auf. Sind besondere Maßnahmen erforderlich, um betroffenen älteren Menschen eine Rehabilitation zu ermöglichen? Der
Beitrag schildert einige aktuelle Gesichtspunkte aus Sicht einer Hygienefachkraft zu diesem Thema.
Altering Physical Activity Influences Insulin Responses to Glucose Ingestion in Healthy Adults
Authors: Timmerman Kyle , Ballard Kevin , Volk Gabrielle , Deal Michael , Meisler Adam , Karrow Jenna , Good Alex , Reynolds Sandy 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThis study determined if varying physical activity (PA) the day prior to an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) differentially influenced postprandial glucose and insulin kinetics. Fifteen healthy, young adults participated in three OGTT trials the morning after performing 50% (LOW), 100% (HABITUAL), or 150% (HIGH) of their habitual PA (determined by 7-day pedometry). Trials were randomized and separated by at least 1-wk. For each OGTT trial, blood glucose and insulin were measured after an overnight fast and at 30-min intervals for 2 h following ingestion of the glucose beverage. Between-trial differences were analyzed using a general linear model with repeated measures. Subjects successfully achieved the desired percentage of habitual steps prior to each trial: LOW: 51±5%, HABITUAL: 99±6%, and HIGH: 149±9%. Fasting blood glucose and glucose total area under the curve (AUC) did not differ between trials. Serum insulin AUC was lower (p<0.05) following the HIGH (34,158±8,786 pmol·min·L−1) compared to the LOW (40,738±9,276 pmol·min·L−1) trial. No differences were observed when the LOW and HIGH trials were compared to HABITUAL. These data suggest that varying the PA level (from 50 to 150% of habitual PA) the day prior to an OGTT influences the insulin (but not blood glucose) response to an OGTT.
Asociación entre obesidad y diagnóstico de cáncer de próstata en adultos mayores: análisis secundario de la encuesta SABE
Authors: Carreño Gabriel Leonardo , Arciniegas Antonio Jose , Ramos Ulloa Jose Gustavo , Mayans Gianluca Gasca , Cano Carlos Alberto 
Published: October 2018

Resumen
Introducción El síndrome metabólico es una condición muy prevalente en nuestra sociedad, y durante las últimas dos décadas la prevalencia ha aumentado significativamente convirtiéndose en un problema con una carga en salud importante. El cáncer de próstata por su parte es la primera causa de cáncer en hombres en el mundo. Numerosos estudios han sugerido una asociación entre la presencia de síndrome metabólico y el diagnóstico de cáncer de próstata. La información acerca de la asociación Del cáncer de próstata y obesidad es controversial. Nuestro objetivo es determinar si existe una relación entre la presencia de obesidad y el diagnóstico de cáncer de próstata en adultos mayores de la ciudad de Bogotá.
Objetivos y Métodos Se analizaron los datos del estudio Salud, Bienestar y Envejecimiento (SABE) Bogotá 2012. Se utilizó como variable dependiente el autorreporte de examen de próstata en los 2 últimos años y se evaluó con respecto a variables antropométricas así como factores sociodemográficos por medio de un análisis multivariado.
Resultados La prevalencia de cáncer de próstata fue de 3,15%. El 31.9% de los hombres tienen un IMC mayor de 30. Se encontró una asociación significativa entre el IMC y el diagnóstico de cáncer de próstata (p = 0.005), Enfermedad coronaria y cáncer de próstata (p = 0.03) y nivel de escolaridad y diagnóstico de Cáncer de próstata (p = 0.012).
Conclusión Nuestro estudio demuestra que existe una asociación significativa entre estas dos entidades en una población bogotana de adultos mayores. Es necesario realizar más estudios que aporten mayor información acerca de esta asociación.
Reisen mit Kindern
Authors: Lindert J. , Kotsias-Konopelska S. 
Published: October 2018

ZusammenfassungImmer mehr Familien mit Kindern unternehmen Auslandsreisen. Die Fortbewegungsmittel sind dabei sehr variabel und die Reiseplanung sehr individuell. Eine kinderärztliche Reiseberatung kann konkret zu einigen Themen erfolgen. Der erste Teil des Artikels in dieser Ausgabe befasste sich mit Empfehlungen bei Sonnenexposition, im zweiten Teil geht es um Zeitverschiebung, Klimaanpassung, Höhenkrankheit sowie Rad- und Autoreisen. Reisen in andere Zeitzonen sind mit kleinen Kindern einfacher als mit großen. Dauermedikationen müssen individuell an neue Zeitzonen angepasst werden. Eine Höhenkrankheit, eine Überhitzung oder Unterkühlung zeigen sich durch unspezifische Symptome. Langsame Akklimatisation, gute Beobachtung des Kindes und grundlegende Erste-Hilfe-Maßnahmen sind essenziell. Bei Reisen mit Auto oder Rad steht die Sicherheit im Vordergrund. Die Kenntnis lokaler Verkehrsregeln, eine gute Reiseplanung sowie das passende Equipment sind wichtig. Detaillierte Informationen über die Reiseorte können oft aus der Literatur, aber auch aus Blogs dorthin Gereister entnommen werden.
Effectiveness of a Best Practice Alerts at Improving Hypertension Control
Authors: Swedlund Matthew , Norton Derek , Birstler Jennifer , Chen Guanhua , Cruz Laura , Hanrahan Larry 
Published: October 2018

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Inadequately treated hypertension (HTN) leads to considerable morbidity and mortality. Despite many treatment options, blood pressure (BP) control is suboptimal. Missed opportunities due to the growing complexity of primary care office visits contribute. Electronic health records (EHRs) offer best practice alerts (BPA) tools to support clinicians in identifying poor BP control. BPAs have demonstrated effectiveness for other health outcomes.

METHODS
EHR data were collected for patients ≥18 years old seen for primary care office visits prior to, during, and after the BPA active period and used to identify patients for whom the BPA fired or would have fired during control periods. Logistic regression examined the association of BPA activation with follow-up BP check within 14–90 days and with BP control at follow-up, controlling for demographics and health conditions.

RESULTS
The BPA active period was associated with reduced patient follow-up; however, a number of covariates were predictive of increased follow-up: Black non-Hispanics, Hispanics, patients on the chronic kidney disease, HTN, or diabetes registries, as well as the morbidly obese, insurance status, and seasonal factors. For those who did follow-up, BPA activation was associated with improved BP control.

CONCLUSIONS
BPA activation was associated with worse patient follow-up but improved BP control. Some subgroups had significantly different rates of follow-up and BP control. This study did not have an experimental design as the BPA was a quality improvement initiative. These results highlight the critical importance of planning experimentally designed organizational initiatives to fully understand their impact.
GeneLab: Omics database for spaceflight experiments
Authors: Ray Shayoni , Gebre Samrawit , Fogle Homer , Berrios Daniel C , Tran Peter B , Galazka Jonathan M , Costes Sylvain V 
Published: October 2018

Abstract

Motivation
To curate and organize expensive spaceflight experiments conducted aboard space stations and maximize the scientific return of investment, while democratizing access to vast amounts of spaceflight related omics data generated from several model organisms.

Results
The GeneLab Data System (GLDS) is an open access database containing fully coordinated and curated ‘omics’ (genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics) data, detailed metadata and radiation dosimetry for a variety of model organisms. GLDS is supported by an integrated data system allowing federated search across several public bioinformatics repositories. Archived datasets can be queried using full-text search (e.g. keywords, Boolean and wildcards) and results can be sorted in multifactorial manner using assistive filters. GLDS also provides a collaborative platform built on GenomeSpace for sharing files and analyses with collaborators. It currently houses 172 datasets and supports standard guidelines for submission of datasets, MIAME (for microarray), ENCODE Consortium Guidelines (for RNA-seq) and MIAPE Guidelines (for proteomics).

Availability and implementation
https://genelab.nasa.gov/
Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) smolt and early post-smolt migration and survival inferred from multi-year and multi-stock acoustic telemetry studies in the Gulf of St. Lawrence, northwest Atlantic
Authors: Chaput Gérald , Carr Jonathan , Daniels Jason , Tinker Steve , Jonsen Ian , Whoriskey Frederick 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe migration dynamics and inter-annual variation in early at-sea survival of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) smolts over 14 years of study are reported for four river populations located in the Gulf of St. Lawrence (Canada). Acoustically tagged smolts were monitored at three points along their migration from freshwater to the Labrador Sea, a migration extending more than 800 km at sea and a period of 2 months. A hierarchical state-space version of the Cormack–Jolly–Seber model was used to estimate apparent survival rates from incomplete acoustic detections at key points. There was a positive size-dependent probability of survival through the freshwater and estuary areas; the odds of survival of a 16 cm smolt were 1.5–1.7 times higher than for a 13.5 cm smolt, length at tagging. Length adjusted (centred to the mean fork length of smolts during the study of 14.6 cm) survivals through the estuary and nearshore waters were estimated to range between 67 and 90% for the two river populations migrating through Chaleur Bay in contrast to lower survival estimates of 28–82% for the two populations from the neighbouring Miramichi Bay. Across the 14 years of study, survival estimates varied without trend for the populations of Chaleur Bay, but declined for the populations migrating through Miramichi Bay. Survival through the Gulf of St. Lawrence was variable but generally high among years and rivers, ranging from 96% day−1 to 99% day−1. Long term, replicated studies at multiple sites using acoustically tagged smolts can provide empirical data to examine hypotheses of the location and timing of factors contributing to smolt and post-smolt mortality of salmon at sea.