bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Developing a Standardization Algorithm for Categorical Laboratory Tests for Clinical Big Data Research: Retrospective Study
Authors: Kim Mina , Shin Soo-Yong , Kang Mira , Yi Byoung-Kee , Chang Dong Kyung 
Published: July 2019

Background
Data standardization is essential in electronic health records (EHRs) for both clinical practice and retrospective research. However, it is still not easy to standardize EHR data because of nonidentical duplicates, typographical errors, or inconsistencies. To overcome this drawback, standardization efforts have been undertaken for collecting data in a standardized format as well as for curating the stored data in EHRs. To perform clinical big data research, the stored data in EHR should be standardized, starting from laboratory results, given their importance. However, most of the previous efforts have been based on labor-intensive manual methods.

Objective
We aimed to develop an automatic standardization method for eliminating the noises of categorical laboratory data, grouping, and mapping of cleaned data using standard terminology.

Methods
We developed a method called standardization algorithm for laboratory test–categorical result (SALT-C) that can process categorical laboratory data, such as pos +, 250 4+ (urinalysis results), and reddish (urinalysis color results). SALT-C consists of five steps. First, it applies data cleaning rules to categorical laboratory data. Second, it categorizes the cleaned data into 5 predefined groups (urine color, urine dipstick, blood type, presence-finding, and pathogenesis tests). Third, all data in each group are vectorized. Fourth, similarity is calculated between the vectors of data and those of each value in the predefined value sets. Finally, the value closest to the data is assigned.

Results
The performance of SALT-C was validated using 59,213,696 data points (167,938 unique values) generated over 23 years from a tertiary hospital. Apart from the data whose original meaning could not be interpreted correctly (eg, ** and _^), SALT-C mapped unique raw data to the correct reference value for each group with accuracy of 97.6% (123/126; urine color tests), 97.5% (198/203; (urine dipstick tests), 95% (53/56; blood type tests), 99.68% (162,291/162,805; presence-finding tests), and 99.61% (4643/4661; pathogenesis tests).

Conclusions
The proposed SALT-C successfully standardized the categorical laboratory test results with high reliability. SALT-C can be beneficial for clinical big data research by reducing laborious manual standardization efforts.
Rumänische Realität surrealistisch verkörpert: Joachim Wittstocks Erzählung Hades, (m)eine postmoderne Lesart
Authors: Puchianu Carmen Elisabeth 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Our analysis of Joachim Wittstock’s narrative entitled Hades and published thirteen years after the fall of the communist regime in Romania aims at pointing out the intimate connection between socio-political reality and personal experience reflected by the creative process of turning reality into fiction by writing. We consider the chosen narrative both as a political and literary statement, reflecting much of the way of life in Romania during the late 1980s. The narrative may be considered as some kind of withheld fiction and a pertinent comment of the author as to the role of fiction in a totalitarian regime.
Vereinnahmung von Geschichte und Literatur durch rumänische Kulturpolitik. Die Kronstädter Publikation Karpatenrundschau (1968-1970)
Authors: Cotârlea Delia 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The present study takes two tendencies into account that have shaped the cultural contact between the Romanian culture and the culture of the German minority in Romania. On the one hand, the re-writing of history respectively of the historical discourse according to cultural policy of the Romanian communist state is envisaged, on the other hand, the selection of articles on Romanian culture and literature published in the weekly Karpatenrundschau are analysed in order to trace tendencies cultural transfer.
Die Schwarze Kirche als Topos der kollektiven Identitätskonstruktion in der deutschen, rumänischen und ungarischen Lyrik der Zwischenkriegszeit
Authors: Jakabházi Réka 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The Black Church, the largest sacral building in Transylvania, has been given a central role in the local identity narratives. As a historical place of remembrance, it mediates and mobilizes elements of historical knowledge, and at the same time constructs a myth.The article examines how the Black Church in Brasov, one of the most important symbols of the Transylvanian Saxons, is poetically constructed as a place of cultural memory in the German, Romanian and Hungarian poems of the interwar period, how the concrete place is reinterpreted as a space for creating identity, while the ethnic dimension should not be ignored. It examines the question of what symbolic value it has for the German, Romanian and Hungarian populations and how this can be seen from the lyrical texts of the time.
Auch das Beständigste war nicht mehr von Dauer!1 Die Darstellung des Eigenen und des Gegenübers in Andreas Birkners Roma Die Tatarenpredigt
Authors: Sass Maria 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The present study focuses on imagology. Starting from the theoretical aspects of the concepts self-image and hetero-image, the analysis ponders upon the imagological constructs of two ethnical groups in the novel of the Romanian German-language author Andreas Birkner. In this analysis, the self image identifies with the one of the Transylvanian, and the image of the other is that of the Roma. The analysis of Birkner's novel leads to the conclusion that there have been certain mental images deeply rooted in historical reality and which can be, partly, explained by means of collective memory parameters. Stereotypes and prejudices should be considered in this context.
Clinical Ankle Involvement and Ultrasound Synovial Hypertrophy are Significant Predictors of DAS28-Defined Rheumatoid Arthritis Disease Activity
Authors: Enache Luminiţa , Popescu Claudiu C. , Codreanu Cătălin , Șuţa Maria 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Objective. The study aimed to investigate the relationship between ankle involvement and disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), from clinical and ultrasound perspectives.

Methods. RA patients were recruited in 2018 in the random order of presentation from the out-patient clinic. On the same day of inclusion, all patients underwent clinical examination, laboratory tests (inflammatory markers), ankle ultrasound and patient-reported outcomes.

Results. The study included 183 patients with established RA, mostly women (86.3%), with mean age of 57.3 years. Clinical examination revealed 101 (55.2%) patients with at least one tender ankle and 56 (30.6%) patients with at least one swollen ankle. Regression analysis revealed that both clinically tender and swollen ankles were 2.8 and respectively 3.4 times more likely to reveal ultrasound ankle joint synovial hypertrophy (SH). The presence of ankle SH was associated with higher disease activity: for example, compared to patients without ankle SH, patients with ultrasound-detected SH in any ankle joint had significantly higher median DAS28CRP (4.60 compared to 2.73, p<0.001). Power Doppler (PD) activity of ankle SH produced similar results: PD signal presence (p<0.001) and PD grade (p = 0.009) were associated with higher median DAS28CRP. Ankle joint involvement had an independent effect on DAS28CRP-defined disease activity: for example, the absence of ankle SH independently and significantly decreased DAS28CRP with 0.985 points (p<0.001).

Conclusion. Clinical ankle involvement and ultrasound-detected ankle SH have a directly proportional relationship with disease activity in RA.
Ecological analysis of heavy metal and radioactivity potential of Holocene sediments in Iznik Lake
Authors: Yumun Zeki U. , Kam Erol 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
In this study, the heavy metal and radioactive properties of Iznik Lake were investigated. Concentration values of the first (Ag, Bi, Mo, Sn, Se, Zn, As, B, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Pt and Sb) and second (Na, Mg, K, Ca, P, S, Fe, Al and Mn) group of elements in borehole 1 (BH-1) drilling did not show much variation from the top to the bottom of the drilling. Concentration values of the first group of elements in borehole 2 (BH-2) drill samples decreased at higher levels of drilling. In addition, natural and anthropogenic radionuclides were measured by gamma spectrometry, and the results of environmental natural radioactivity of Iznik Lake and its surroundings were determined. In the measurement results, Ra-226 was found to be below the world average value at all locations. It is assumed that the determination of K-40 values above the average values was due to agricultural activities carried out intensively in the study area. Th-232 values were found to be below the world average value in drilling samples; Cs-137 values were below the background level in all samples. According to these results, the study area does not contain any unnatural radioactivity.
Pengaruh Media Pembelajaran Dan Kemandirian Belajar Terhadap Hasil Belajar Sejarah Siswa SMA
Authors: Wijayanto Setiawan Arief 
Published: July 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkapkan pengaruh media pembelajaran dan kemandirian belajar terhadap hasil belajar siswa sejarah. Penelitian ini dilakukan di SMA Negeri 1 Cikarang Selatan Bekasi tahun pelajaran 2012/2013. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode eksperimen dengan desain faktorial 2x2. Populasi penelitian adalah siswa kelas sebelas dengan 36 subjek sampel uji coba kedua, diambil dari dua kelas dengan media pembelajaran yang berbeda, 18 orang dengan media pembelajaran flash player. dan 18 orang dengan media konvensional. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) Dari pembelajaran sejarah siswa yang menggunakan media pembelajaran flash player lebih tinggi daripada yang menggunakan pembelajaran media konvensional, (2) Ada interaksi antara media pembelajaran dan kemandirian belajar terhadap hasil pembelajaran sejarah, (3) Siswa dengan kemandirian belajar tinggi mencapai hasil belajar sejarah jika menggunakan media pembelajaran flash player dari pada Â menggunakan media konvensional, (4) Siswa dengan kemandirian belajar rendah dapat mencapai hasil pembelajaran sejarah jika menggunakan media konvensional dari pada yang menggunakan media pembelajaran flash player.
Olojá: Entre encontros - Exu, o senhor do mercado
Authors: Flor do nascimento Wanderson 
Published: July 2019

ResumoPartindo das representações de Exu em sua faceta como Olojá, o Senhor do Mercado, este texto procura discutir as diferenças entre aquilo que denominei de mercado-ojá e os mercados capitalistas, buscando compreender de que modo as relações de sociabilidade são sustentadas no mercado regido por Exu em contrapartida das relações de acumulação que não necessariamente geram sociabilidades, no contexto dos mercados capitalistas. Busca-se também pensar formas de entender de que maneira as percepções iorubás de mundo, relações intersubjetivas e conflitos são presentes nas comunidades tradicionais de matrizes africanas, sobretudo os terreiros, podem ser danificadas com a proximidade às ideias competitivas dos mercados capitalistas.Palavras-chave: Exu. Mercado. Economia. Sociabilidade. Candomblés.AbstractSince the representations of Eshu in his facet as Oloja, the Lord of Market, this text discusses the differences between what I have called market-oja and capitalist markets. To seek to understand how the relations of sociability are sustained in the market governed by Eshu in opposed to the accumulation of relationships that do not necessarily generate sociability, in the context of capitalist markets. The text search also to think ways to understand how the Yoruba perceptions of the world, interpersonal relations and conflicts are present in the traditional communities of African origin, especially the terreiros can be damaged with proximity to competitive ideas of capitalist markets.Keywords: Eshu. Market. Economy. Sociability. Candombles.
"Políticas da imanência, políticas da transcendência: ensaio popular", de Antonio Negri
Authors: Souza Herivelto Pereira de 
Published: July 2019

A tradução deste texto foi feita no contexto do projeto de compilar e traduzir todo o conjunto de escritos negrianos que versam prioritariamente sobre o pensamento espinosano, do qual resultou o volume Espinosa subversivo e outros escritos, recém publicado pela Editora Autêntica. Decidimos por deixar este texto de fora por que um outro texto, Espinosa: uma heresia da imanência e da democracia, mostrou-se uma versão mais desenvolvida das questões discutidas, e colocá-los juntos num mesmo volume representaria uma repetição descabida. Por outro lado, considerando que a autorização para publicá-lo já havia sido dada, pareceu-nos que não deveríamos deixar escapar a oportunidade de tornar disponível ao leitor esse momento de reformulação de algumas reflexões filosóficas muito relevantes para se pensar as configurações históricas do poder político, através da crítica a seus fundamentos metafísicos transcendentes, de modo a ressaltar o caráter criativo e constitutivo de certas lutas de resistência. Ora, retringir-se à imanência não implica impedir qualquer horizonte de universalidade, o que relegaria as práticas de determinação de normas sociais a um particularismo ininteligível, pois é a partir da intrínseca relacionalidade do comum que tais práticas são pensadas, uma dinâmica aberta e produtiva, referenciada na potência própria desse sujeito político que é a multidão.
A főszerkesztő előszava
Authors: Fodor László 
Published: July 2019

A Debreceni Egyetem Állam- és Jogtudományi Kara 2011-ben saját folyóiratot alapított, amelynek második számát tartja most kezében a Tisztelt Olvasó.
A főszerkesztő előszavában ismerteti az adott lapszám tartalmát, a cikkekről szóló 5-6 soros leírások (annotációk) formájában. A folyóiratot érintő, legújabb változások mellett itt kap helyet a hátsó borítón szereplő, latin mondás magyarázata.
Topical Immunomodulation with Diphenlycyclopropenone for Alopecia Areata
Authors: Borges Ana Sofia , Brasileiro Ana , Ramos Pinheiro Rita , Lencastre André 
Published: July 2019

Introduction: Topical immunotherapy with diphenylcyclopropenone is a treatment option for patients with refractory or extensive alopecia areata. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy and tolerability of diphenylcyclopropenone therapy, in patients with alopecia areata, and identify possible prognostic factors that predict response to treatment.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective study that included all patients diagnosed with alopecia areata and treated with diphenylcyclopropenone at our Department.
Results: Twenty one patients were included for analysis (15 females and 6 males). Overall, nine patients (42.9%) had some hair regrowth with diphenylcyclopropenone therapy. Of these, five (55.6%) achieved pigmented terminal hair regrowth but with persistent patches of alopecia. Only one patient achieved > 90% of hair regrowth. Older age at onset, broader extent of alopecia at baseline and presence of nail dystrophy were all negative prognostic factors (p < 0.05). Atopy and thyroid dysfunction were not statistically significant as predictors of poor treatment outcome. Adverse effects were documented in 15 patients, most of them were mild and did not lead to treatment interruption.
Conclusion: Diphenylcyclopropenone therapy is a viable treatment option in patients with extensive alopecia areata, although the response is partial in the majority of the cases. Limitations of this study include its retrospective nature and the limited number of patients.
Topical Nitroglycerine Versus Lateral Sphincterectomy for Fissure in Ano: A Hospital Based Comparative Study
Authors: Adhikari Bimarsh , Yadav Sunil Kumar , Gupta S. N. 
Published: July 2019

Background: Anal fissure is a common benign condition presenting as severe pain, constipations and bleeding per rectum. It is defined as longitudinal tear or defect in anal canal skin. Surgical treatment of this conditions requires hospital admission and complications, like bleeding, infection and to its severe extent continence disturbances. That warrants a new treatment modality as pharmacological sphincterotomy i. e topical GTN (glycerine trinitrate) whose effects are reversible, cost effective and simple.
Objective: The objective is to compare the effectiveness of topical GTN over lateral sphincterotomy in terms of pain management and healing of fissure.
Method: This was a comparative study carried out in the department of Surgery at Nepalgunj Medical College, Teaching Hospital. Two groups were created and 25 patients in each group were put randomly. First group (Group 1) used topical GTN whereas second group(Group 2) underwent lateral sphincterotomy for treatment of fissure. The two groups were reassessed at 4 and 8 weeks for pain and fissure healing.
Result: Total number of patients was 50. Each group consisted of 25 patients. The male to female ratio in group 1 was 1:1.5 and in group 2 it was 1: 1.8. In group 1 patients after 4 weeks of application of GTN pain reduced from the mean of 80±15 at the time of presentation to 50±9.27. When these patients were seen after 8 weeks, the pain reduction on VAS was nil in 21 patients out of 25. In group 2 the mean score fell from 75±15 to 20±10 after 4 weeks and at 8weeks 23 out of 25 patients didn't have any pain. It was observed that the pain reduction and healing were faster in group 2 patients when evaluated after 4 weeks (p=0.0029). but at the end of 8 weeks both group patients were similar in terms of pain reduction and healing of fissure (p=.28).
Conclusion: According to study local GTN application is as effective as lateral sphincterotomy with cost effectiveness, simple with tolerable side effect and no continence disturbances.
Factors Associated with Relapse in Men with Alcohol Dependence Versus Opioid Dependence: A Comparative Study From Western Nepal
Authors: Khan Tanveer Ahmed , Dutta Ashish , Subedi Sandip 
Published: July 2019

Introduction: Drug abuse is a worldwide problem that affects millions of people and Nepal is no exception. Relapse is a major problem in management of substance use disorder. Hence it becomes important to understand the factors contributing to relapse in order to ensure relapse prevention. This study was done with the aim to compare clinico-demographic correlates of relapse in alcohol dependence and opioid dependence and also to know the reasons for relapse in both groups.
Method: This is a cross sectional comparative study with the sample collected from three different rehabilitation centers from Nepalgunj. The sampleinclude those male clients with alcohol dependence and opioid dependence who had relapsed at least once in past after some period of abstinence. Total of 80 male subjects i.e. 40 in each group were enrolled in the study. Structured questionnaire was developed by the researcher and was used to collect the data from respondents. The data were statistically analyzed.
Result: Some clinic-demographic disparity was observed in both groups. Alcohol group had more subjects from Bahun and Chettri caste, longer total duration of illness whereas opioid group had more Muslims, younger age and greater number of middle socio-economic clients, more number of substances used in past and higher prevalence of criminal act. The commonest reason for relapse in both groups found to be desire for positive mood. Peer pressure, social or family problems, craving, negative mood state and concentration difficulties were other factors found to be contributing to relapse. Narcotic Anonymous was the most preferred modality of treatment opted by both groups in past in order to quit substance whereas only 22.5% of subjects consulted to doctor.
Conclusion: Social determinants play a critical role in substance use and its relapse and should be addressed alongside physical and psychological determinants for better outcome. Common factors play role for relapse in both groups. Study warrants increased need of mental health awareness programme among substance abusers.
Knowledge and Prevalence of Family Planning Measures among Community People of Chisapani, Banke
Authors: Roy Roshan Kumar , Roy D. K. , Bist A. , Ghimire S. 
Published: July 2019

Introduction: Global threat of increasing population has become a challenge to control. That's why Family planning is a strong matter of concern for most of the developing countries like Nepal. The first family planning service in Nepal was provided by Family Planning Association Nepal (FPAN) in 1959 to provide an Integrated Package of Essential Services (IPES) that includes comprehensive counseling; family planning and sexual health services; safe abortion services; HIV and AIDS and other sexually-transmitted infection (STI) services; gynecological, prenatal, and post-natal care; and GBV care. Several studies reflect that increment in population is directly related to the level of education, low family income, and lack of awareness, strong cultural beliefs and many more. Especially, village areas of Nepal are deprived of Family Planning services and measures due to lack of coverage and other facilities. Thus knowledge regarding Family planning and contraception needs to be accessed and hence a village in Chisapani, Banke district of Nepal was chosen for this study.
Objectives: The overall objectives of our study were to access the knowledge regarding Family planning, to access the practise of Contraceptive measures and to find out the contraceptive prevalence rate (CPR) among community people of Chisapani village, Banke.
Material and Method: A Cross-sectional descriptive study with population size of 410 community people was performed in Chisapani, Banke; starting from 18th June to 2nd September, 2018. A pre-tested questionnaire containing structural, semi-structural and open ended questions were made as data collection tool. All the people in this study were interviewed after receiving consent as an ethical clearance.
Result: 393 out of 410 (i.e. 95.85%) people in our studyhave known about Family planning via Mass Media (75.82%). Only 70.48% people responded to have used any Contraceptive measure. Depo was found to be the most used measure (i.e. 54.87%). 42.43% people have heard about emergency contraceptive pills but only 20.68% among them have ever used it.
Conclusion: Though 95.85% of the respondents of our study had known about Family Planning however only 70.48% people have been using any of the contraceptive measures. Emergency contraceptive pills were used by only 20.68% of the respondents.