bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EELEACH Clustering Approach to Improve Energy Efficiency in WSN
Authors: Desai Neha D. , Khatawkar Shrihari D. 
Published: July 2018

Background:
Wireless sensor network is self-organizing which consists of a large number of
sensor nodes and one sink node according to recent patents. The most important characteristics of such
a network are the restricted resources like battery power, consumption capacity and consumption range.
Energy consumption is one of the important issues in the wireless sensor network and the challenge is to
prolong the network lifespan.

Objective:
The objective of the proposed approach is to balance a consumption of energy at member
node as well as head node of cluster during the data transmission stage and to improve energy efficiency
and lifespan of the network.

Methods:
The aim of an energy efficient clustering method to deal with the homogenous distribution and
deployment of tree structure is performed. The performance of network is enhanced by electing head
node with data to the node with greater cluster rate and having lowest distance from sink node. The
member node sends their data to the head node which forwards their data to the node with greater
weight rate which is sent to the sink node in an energy balancing way.

Results:
A performance analysis of existing approach as LEACH and proposed approach as EELEACH
is undertaken by considering different metrics such as energy consumption successful data delivery,
throughput, routing overhead, packet delivery fraction and delay ratio.

Conclusion:
From result analysis, the proposed system as EELEACH shows successful data delivery,
throughput, routing overhead, packet delivery fraction and delay ratio. Hence, the low energy
consumption improved lifespan of the network and better data transfer rate.
Mobile Application for Ulcer Detection
Authors: Fraiwan Luay , Ninan Jolu , Al-Khodari Mohanad 
Published: July 2018

Purpose:
The number of patients who are suffering from diabetes nowadays is increasing significantly. In some countries, the percentage of population who suffer from this disease can reach up to 20%. Diabetic patients have to deal with their medical conditions and any further complications that this disease may cause. One of the most common conditions is the Diabetic Foot Ulcer (DFU). The early detection of these ulcers can help and may save the life of diabetic patients.

Methods:
This work proposes a mobile application for the detection of possible ulcers using a smart phone along with a mobile thermal camera (FLIR ONE). The proposed system captures thermal images of the feet from the thermal camera. The app that identifies ulcers was built using Android studio. The images were acquired to the Samsung S6 smart phone using the FLIR ONE SDK. Image processing techniques were deployed based on Open CV Library. The procedure of detecting possible ulcers was implemented based on analyzing the thermal distribution on the two feet. The developed application compares the difference between the temperature distribution on the two feet and checks if there is a Mean Temperature Difference (MTD) greater than 2.2oC (the value which indicates a possible ulcer development).

Results:
The system was tested under simulated conditions by heating different locations of the subjects’ feet to different temperature ranges; one image with temperature less than 2.2oC and another three images with temperature greater than 2.2oC. The system has successfully identified possible ulcer regions along with an image showing the location of the possible ulcers.

Conclusions:
This work is a very first step in developing a complete mobile thermal imaging system that can be validated clinically in the future.
Investigating the Conformation of S100β Protein Under Physiological Parameters Using Computational Modeling: A Clue for Rational Drug Design
Authors: Tiburu Elvis K. , Issah Ibrahim , Darko Mabel , Armah-Sekum Robert E. , Gyampo Stephen O. A. , Amoateng Nadia K. , Kwofie Samuel K. , Awandare Gordon 
Published: July 2018

Background:
Physiochemical factors such as temperature, pH and cofactors are well known parameters that confer conformational changes in a protein structure. With S100β protein being a metal binding brain-specific receptor for both extracellular and intracellular functions, a change in conformation due to the above-mentioned factors, can compromise their cellular functions and therefore result in several pathological conditions such as Alzheimer’s disease, Ischemic stroke, as well as Myocardial Infarction.

Objective:
The studies conducted sought to elucidate the effect of these physiological factors on the conformational dynamics of S100β protein using computational modeling approaches.

Method:
Temperature-dependent and protein-cofactor complexes molecular dynamics simulations were conducted by varying the temperature from 100 to 400K using GROMACS 5.0.3. Additionally, the conformational dynamics of the protein was studied by varying the pH at 5.0, 7.4 and 9.0 using Ambertools17. This was done by preparing the protein molecule, solvating and minimizing its energy level as well as heating it to the required temperature, equilibrating and simulating under desired conditions (NVT and NPT ensembles).

Results:
The results show that the protein misfolds as a function of increasing temperature with alpha helical content at 100K and 400K being 57.8% and 43.3%, respectively. However, the binding sites of the protein was not appreciably affected by temperature variations. The protein displayed high conformational instability in acidic medium (pH ~5.0). The binding sites of Ca2+, Mg2+ and Zn2+ were identified and each exhibited different groupings of the secondary structural elements (binding motifs). The secondary structure analysis revealed different conformational changes with the characteristic appearance of two beta hairpins in the presence of Zn2+and Mg2+.

Conclusion:
High temperatures, different cofactors and acidic pH confer conformational changes to the S100β structure and these results may inform the design of novel drugs against the protein.
An Analytical Theory of Hall-Effect Devices with Three Contacts
Authors: Ausserlechner Udo 
Published: July 2018

Object:Vertical Hall-effect devices (VHalls) and split-drain MAG-FETs often have three contacts and a single mirror symmetry. We discuss the Equivalent Resistor Circuit (ERC) at small magnetic field, relate it to the electrical degrees of freedom, and compare it to traditional Hall plates with four contacts.Methods:In contrast to devices with four contacts, it is not possible to determine the sheet resistance of devices with three contacts by electrical measurements like the one of van der Pauw. However, for both types of devices, the output voltage over input current depends only on resistances of the ERC, the sheet resistance, and the Hall angle, irrespective of the exact shape of the devices and the size of the contacts.Result:This allows one to explore the maximum Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) in a very general sense without consideration of any specific device geometry. It is shown how VHalls with all three contacts on the top face of the Hall tub can have electrical symmetry with maximum SNR.
In vitro Study on the Effect of Nanoparticles and Transfersomes as Targeted Drug Carrier for Cancer
Authors: Muthu Karthikeyan , Vijayakumar Blessy , Alagu Thirumurugan 
Published: July 2018

Introduction:
Cancer is one of the current leading cause of death all over the world. Among
the various emerging technologies, nanotechnology plays a prominent role in delivering the drug to the
target region.

Materials and Methods:
In this study, the In vitro effect of doxorubicin adsorbed gold nanoparticles
synthesized by Azadirachta Indica leaves extract as reducing agent and the doxorubicin entrapped
modified liposomes called transfersomes was compared over the cervical cancer cell line (HeLa cell
lines). The synthesized gold nanoparticles were characterized using a UV-visible spectrophotometer,
SEM analysis.

Results:
The UV-Visible spectrum showed the peak at 537nm and the incorporation of drug over the
nanoparticles was conformed using FTIR and SEM analysis. The drug entrapment onto transfersomes
was also characterized using FTIR and SEM analysis. When compared, the drug entrapped transfersomes
shows significant effect with the lowest concentration of drug (0.25 µg/mL) than the drug adsorbed
nanoparticles.

Conclusion:
Hence, the transfersomes may also become the promising drug carrier in the future.
TOTAL HIP AND KNEE ARTHROPLASTY IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE (REVIEW)
Authors: Murylev V. Yu. , Tsygin N. A. , Shutov E. V. , Zhuchkov A. G. , Rukin Ya. A. 
Published: July 2018

Chronic kidney disease is a common medical problem. It is characterized by a peculiar course leading to renal osteodystrophy resulting in increased risk of fractures and joint lesions with the concomitant need for major joints arthroplasty. Moreover, a wide spectrum of organ and metabolic deteriorations due to renal insufficiency causes a more complicated postoperative period with higher mortality and frequent infectious, cardiovascular, hemorrhagic, thrombotic and surgical complications. The highest risks are noted in patients on long lasting hemodialysis.To improve the arthroplasty outcomes an adequate correction of anemia, bone-mineral and electrolyte disorders, arterial hypertension and optimization of dialytic modalities must be ensured.
Current Regulatory requirements for Registration of Nutraceuticals in India and USA
Authors: Jain Pooja Nemichand , Rathod Meera H. , Jain Vineet C. , S. M. Vijayendraswamy 
Published: July 2018

There is growing recognition of the potential role for nutraceuticals and dietary supplements in helping to reduce health risks and improve health quality. Pharmaceutical and nutritional companies are aware of the monetary success taking advantage of the nutraceuticals and dietary supplements. Nutraceuticals has proven health benefits and their Consumption will keep disease at bay and allow humans to maintain an overall good health. Functional foods and internationally products represent a value added growth opportunity both domestically and internationally. Development of better characterized and research proven products will help enhance consumer confidence in nutraceutical and functional food products in the world. Regulatory aspects of such products were in a state of confusion in 20th century. Till date the regulations are not harmonized for the globe and change from country to country. But now it is clearly understood that the regulations for clinical evidence and safety of such products cannot be less stringent than rules for modern medicines and thus the science of nutraceutical is progressing. The global nutraceutical market will reach $285.0 billion by 2021 from $198.7 billion in 2016 at CAGR of 7.5% from 2016-2021. The present research has been devoted towards better understanding of the nutraceuticals and its regulation in India and USA.
Establishment of blending control for Hand operated Double Cone Blender
Authors: Subba Rao Bayya , Raveendran Anuroop , Baki Ratnakar , Jinuka Adithya 
Published: July 2018

In the current study, a fundamental approach is used to establish operation procedure, for a hand operated double cone blender. Initially, assuming for a potent drug, where in, the strength of the drug is very less in the final dosage form, a one percent concentration of potassium permanganate with respect to final one kilogram of blended powder using starch as diluent was planned. With a kind of geometric progression method, at a rate of 10 rotations per minute, the final outcome of the uniform distribution of the potassium permanganate was found to be for at least for fourteen hours of rotations, leading to concentration range of potassium permanganate 0.08 ± 0.025 mg per mg of final blended powder.
O vulcanismo alta-sílica da região do Tupanci, NW do Escudo Sul-Rio-Grandense: faciologia, petrografia e litoquímica
Authors: Leitze Felipe Padilha , Sommer Carlos Augusto , Lima Evandro Fernandes de , Matté Vinícius 
Published: July 2018

A região do Tupanci, noroeste do Escudo Sul-Rio-Grandense (ESRG), apresenta depósi- tos vulcânicos ácidos, estratigraficamente correlacionados à Formação Acampamento Velho (~550 Ma), da Bacia do Camaquã. Esta região é a exposição mais setentrional deste episódio vulcânico, caracterizado por sequências efusivas e piroclásticas, dominantemente ácidas, afinidade alcalina alta sílica sódica e vinculadas ao magmatismo pós-colisional do ciclo orogênico Brasiliano/Pan- -Africano no ESRG. As vulcânicas ácidas ocorrem na forma de depósitos efusivos e, em menor volu- me, piroclásticos, distribuídas em dois cerros: Cerro Tupanci e Cerro dos Picados. O Cerro Tupanci é uma intrusão subvulcânica alongada N-S, representada por riolitos porfiríticos, com fenocristais de sanidina e quartzo e uma matriz quartzo-feldspática equigranular fina a afanítica, com intensa foliação de fluxo nas regiões de borda. No Cerro dos Picados ocorrem riolitos texturalmente se- melhantes, porém com matriz afanítica de aspecto vítreo e presença de biotita, além de depósitos piroclásticos de ignimbritos riolíticos, divididos em duas fácies: uma rica em líticos, com púmices devitrificados e pouco estirados, além de pequenos e raros cristaloclastos; e outra de ignimbritos reomórficos, com abundantes púmices devitrificados, destacada textura eutaxítica, mais rica em cristaloclastos e raros litoclastos. O comportamento geoquímico de ambas as fácies classifica o magmatismo como supersaturado em sílica, semelhante aos sistemas de alta sílica, afinidade alcali- na sódica, e tendência metaluminosa a levemente peralcalina, com características dos granitos tipo “A”. Os dados faciológicos, petrográficos e litoquímicos obtidos indicam vinculação genética destas rochas com o vulcanismo da Formação Acampamento Velho.
Factores de riesgo asociados a hígado graso de origen no alcohólico en una población del Caribe Colombiano
Authors: Lambis Lina , Belisario Solana José , Gastelbondo Bertha , Romero Daniel , Garrido Daniel , Puello Walter , García María , Suárez Amileth 
Published: July 2018

La enfermedad hepática grasa no alcohólica NAFLD (Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease) es un problema de salud, así lo demuestran las diversas investigaciones alrededor del mundo, donde se evidencia una alta prevalencia de la patología. El objetivo del estudio piloto fue describir en términos de variables demográficas, epidemiológicas y bioquímicas la relación de factores de riesgo asociados a NAFLD de una muestra de pacientes que acudieron a la sección de Hígado y vías biliares del Hospital Universitario del Caribe (Cartagena, Colombia). El estudio piloto fue descriptivo prospectivo, fueron revisadas historias clínicas para análisis de variables epidemiológicas-demográficas y valorados por medición espectrofotométrica la actividad enzimática de transaminasas para la relación De Ritis (AST/ALT), niveles de colesterol y triglicéridos. Los resultados sugieren que la población subdividida en obesos, diabetes mellitus, hipertensos/obesos, diabetes/obesos y principalmente del género femenino presenta mayor riesgo de padecer hígado graso, con lo que amerita un estudio bioquímico molecular y un diagnóstico definitivo de NAFLD en la población de estudio.
Trasplante combinado hígado-riñón en la fundación valle del Lili, Cali, Colombia - Experiencia de un centro
Authors: Caicedo Luis , Vernaza Cristina 
Published: July 2018

Introducción: el trasplante combinado de hígado y riñón (CLK) ha mostrado ser una buena alternativa para pacientes con diagnóstico concomitante de enfermedad renal crónica (ERC) y enfermedad hepática terminal. Algunos estudios han mostrado además un beneficio inmunológico del trasplante combinado, con disminución de la tasa de rechazo del injerto renal. Objetivo: describir las indicaciones y los resultados clínicos en receptores de trasplante CLK en un hospital de alta complejidad. Materiales y métodos: se seleccionaron los pacientes con trasplante CLK del registro institucional de trasplante (TRENAL) entre 2000 y 2011. Se describieron las características demográficas y clínicas y se estimó la sobrevida de los pacientes y de los injertos con el método Kaplan Meier. Resultados: en un período de 11 años, se realizaron 16 trasplantes CLK. Esto corresponde al 1.51% de los trasplantes de riñón y al 3.48% de los trasplantes de hígado hechos en la institución durante el mismo periodo de tiempo. La mayoría de los receptores fueron de sexo masculino (10/16). La mediana de la edad fue 56.5 años. La mediana del MELD fue de 17 (RIQ: 12.5-20.5, Rango 8-24). El diagnóstico hepático más frecuente fue cirrosis por NASH (4/16). Todos los pacientes tenían diagnóstico de ERC, en 4 casos secundaria a diabetes mellitus. Las indicaciones más comunes del trasplante fueron ascitis de difícil manejo, encefalopatía recurrente y desnutrición. El tiempo promedio de isquemia en frío del hígado fue de 7,3 horas, y del riñón 9,6 horas. La sobrevida de los pacientes y de los injertos hepático y renal fue de 87,5% al año y 67,3% a los 5 años. Cuatro pacientes murieron, 2 casos como consecuencia de sepsis y otros 2 por malignidad. Conclusión: el trasplante CLK en la Fundación Valle del Lili tiene resultados clínicos satisfactorios y comparables a los reportados en otros centros.
Analisis Lingkungan Internal Dan Eksternal Studi Kasus: PT Intan Pariwara Klaten
Authors: Retnowati Nurcahyani Dewi 
Published: July 2018

Abstract. Analysis of Internal and External Environment, Case Study: PT Intan Pariwara Klaten. The analysis of the Eksternal Environment covered the PEST Analysis (Politics, Ekonomi, Sosial and Technology) that included the condition for the macro Indonesian environment, that is the economy, technology, politics/the law, and sosiokultural. The analysis of the Eksternal Environment that was second was the model of competition pressures that explained about five threats, that is the competition from available competitors, competitors's new threat, the threat or substitution services of products, the strength bargained from customers, and the strength bargained from suppliers. The analysis of the Internal Environment used the Diagram of the Context that depicted relations between the system and the external side that were related to the company's business. Relations could be between the system and the external side that were related to PT Intan Pariwara depicted to the diagram of the context that explained that there is four related external sides, that is the Printing House, Writers and the Buyer that consisted of the Elementary School level student and the Senior High School and the public's community. Â Keywords: Analysis of External Environment, Analysis of Internal Environment, Business ContextÂ Abstrak. Analisis Lingkungan Eksternal meliputi Analisis PESTÂ (Politik, Ekonomi, Sosial dan Teknologi) yang mencakup kondisi lingkungan makro Indonesia, yaitu perekonomian, teknologi, politik/hukum, dan sosiokultural. Analisis Lingkungan Eksternal yang kedua adalah model tekanan-tekanan kompetisi yang menjelaskan tentang lima ancaman, yaitu persaingan dari pesaing-pesaing yang sudah ada, ancaman pesaing-pesaing baru, ancaman produk-produk atau jasa-jasa substitusi, kekuatan menawar dari pelanggan-pelanggan, dan kekuatan menawar dari pemasok-pemasok. Analisis Lingkungan Internal menggunakan Diagram Konteks yang menggambarkan hubungan antara sistem dan pihak eksternal yang terkait dengan bisnis perusahaan.Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Hubungan antara sistem dan pihak eksternal yang terkait dengan PT Intan Pariwara dapat digambarkan pada diagram konteks yang menjelaskan bahwa ada empat pihak eksternal yang terkait, yaitu Percetakan, Penulis, Perwakilan dan Pembeli yang terdiri dari siswa tingkat TK hingga SMA dan masyarakat umum.Â Kata Kunci: Analisis Lingkungan Eksternal, Analisis Lingkungan Internal, Konteks Bisnis
Pencarian File Gambar Berdasarkan Dominasi Warna
Authors: Epifania Vina Chovan , Sediyono Eko 
Published: July 2018

Abstract. Image File Searching Based on Color Domination. One characteristic of an image that can be used in image searching process is the composition of the colors. Color is a trait that is easily seen by man in the picture. The use of color as a searching parameter can provide a solution in an easier searching for images stored in computer memory. Color images have RGB values that can be computed and converted into HSL color space model. Use of HSL images model is very easy because it can be calculated using a percent, so that in each pixel of the image can be grouped and named, this can give a dominant values of the colors contained in one image. By obtaining these values, the image search can be done quickly just by using these values to a retrieval system image file. This article discusses the use of the HSL color space model to facilitate the searching for a digital image in the digital image data warehouse. From the test results of the application form, a searching is faster by using the colors specified by the user. Obstacles encountered were still searching with a choice of 15 basic colors available, with a limit of 33% dominance of the color image search was not found. This is due to the dominant color in each image has the most dominant value below 33%.Â Â Keywords: RGB, HSL, image searchingÂ Abstrak. Salah satu ciri gambar yang dapat dipergunakan dalam proses pencarian gambar adalah komposisi warna. Warna adalah ciri yang mudah dilihat oleh manusia dalam citra gambar. Penggunaan warna sebagai parameter pencarian dapat memberikan solusi dalam memudahkan pencarian gambar yang tersimpan dalam memori komputer. Warna gambar memiliki nilai RGB yang dapat dihitung dan dikonversi ke dalam model HSL color space. Penggunaan model gambar HSL sangat mudah karena dapat dihitung dengan menggunakan persen, sehingga dalam setiap piksel gambar dapat dikelompokan dan diberi nama, hal ini dapat memberikan suatu nilai dominan dari warna yang terdapat dalam satu gambar. Dengan diperolehnya nilai tersebut, pencarian gambar dapat dilakukan dengan cepat hanya dengan menggunakan nilai tersebut pada sistem pencarian file gambar. Artikel ini membahas tentang penggunaan model HSL color space untuk mempermudah pencarian suatu gambar digital didalam gudang data gambar digital. Dari hasil uji aplikasi yang sudah dibuat, diperoleh pencarian yang lebih cepat dengan menggunakan pilihan warna yang ditentukan sendiri oleh pengguna. Kendala yang masih dijumpai adalah pencarian dengan pilihan 15 warna dasar yang tersedia, dengan batas dominasi warna 33% tidak ditemukan gambar yang dicari. Hal ini disebabkan warna dominan disetiap gambar kebanyakan memiliki nilai dominan di bawah 33%.Â Kata Kunci: RGB, HSL, pencarian gambar