bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Agrobiodiversity and food security: challenges and sustainable solutions
Authors: Cadena-Zamudio Jorge D. , Ramírez-Mosqueda Marco A. , Iñiguez-Luna María l. , Cadena-Zamudio Daniel A. 
Published: November 2024

Objective: Agricultural biodiversity, also known as agrobiodiversity, encompasses the variety of plants, animals, and microorganisms that are directly or indirectly involved in agriculture. This diversity is the result of millennia of selection, management, and domestication of species, which has allowed societies to adapt to different environmental and cultural conditions. However, in recent decades, the loss of agrobiodiversity, accelerated by industrial agriculture, the expansion of monocultures, and the reduction of varieties, has put global food security at risk. This diversity is crucial to ensuring the resilience of agricultural systems in the face of challenges such as climate change, emerging pests, and the depletion of natural resources. This paper examines the importance of conserving agricultural biodiversity from the perspective of food security. It emphasizes how agrobiodiversity not only contributes to the stability of food production but also improves human diets by diversifying crops and providing essential micronutrients. Design/Methodology/Approach: A search was conducted on the following scientific information platforms: Web of Science database and Google Scholar. A systematic search for publications related to agrobiodiversity systems was carried out in the WoS database and Google Scholar over the last 49 years (1975–2024). Results: Genetic erosion is particularly concerning because genetic diversity is essential for crops to face environmental challenges such as climate change, pests, and diseases. The loss of traditional varieties, which are selected by local farmers to adapt to specific conditions, increases agriculture's vulnerability to external disruptions. These landraces, having been cultivated in genetically diverse mosaics, offer protection against catastrophic losses in the event of crop failures due to extreme conditions or diseases. Findings/Conclusions: Genetic diversity allows for the development of sustainable solutions to pests and diseases, reducing dependence on pesticides and promoting more environmentally friendly farming practices. However, challenges related to biodiversity conservation persist, making it essential to implement public policies that promote agrobiodiversity and address the socioeconomic issues that limit its adoption.
Multilevel governance and broadband infrastructure development: Evidence from Canada
Authors: Rajabiun Reza , Middleton Catherine A. 
Published: November 2024

<p> This paper investigates the contributions of digital infrastructure policies of provincial governments in Canada to the development of broadband networks. Using measurements of broadband network speeds between 2007 and 2011, the paper analyzes potential causes for observed differences in network performance growth across the provinces, including <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/earth-and-planetary-sciences/geography" target="_blank">geography</a>, Internet use intensity, platform competition, and provincial broadband policies. The analysis suggests provincial policies that employed public sector procurement power to open access to essential facilities and channeled public investments in Internet <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/agricultural-and-biological-sciences/spine" target="_blank">backbone</a> infrastructure were associated with the emergence of relatively high quality broadband networks. However, a weak essential facilities regime and regulatory barriers to entry at the national level limit the scope for decentralized policy solutions.</p>
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Knowledge, attitude and practice regarding sexual and reproductive health rights among married adolescents in urban slums of Bangladesh: A cross-sectional survey
Authors: Topa Adity Roy , Shiblee Shafayatul Islam , Rashid Md. Harunor 
Published: November 2024

Background: Adolescents, especially married adolescents living within urban slum communities, encounter significant difficulties in obtaining and exercising their sexual and reproductive health rights (SRHR). This study aimed to determine the knowledge, attitude, and practice of SRHR and its associated factors among married adolescents living in urban slums.
Methods: A cross-sectional survey of 500 married adolescent girls living in slums in Dhaka and Gazipur, Bangladesh, was conducted in the icddr,b Health and Demography Surveillance System areas. We interviewed them using a pretested questionnaire to assess their knowledge, attitude, and practice of SRHR. Data on their sociodemographic variables, such as household asset items and age and education, were collected. Principal component analysis was used to create wealth indices.
Results: Knowledge of self-care during menstruation and the oral contraceptive pill was almost universal, though knowledge of condoms, abortion, danger signs of pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections was low. They (70%) agreed that young people should have access to menstruation-related hygiene facilities, contraception and sex education, though there was less agreement regarding abortion being a woman’s right. The use of antenatal care and institutional-level delivery was also low. Age, years of schooling and prior pregnancy were positively associated with their knowledge levels. Important attitudinal and practice variations were noted between regions, Gazipur being the most disadvantaged.
Conclusion: There are important gaps in knowledge and practice in SRH service-seeking in this slum population. Heterogeneity in the slum population must be recognised to design services that reach the most disadvantaged group.
Keterampilan Bertanya Saintifik Anak Usia 5-6 Tahun
Authors: Mulyana Edi Hendri , Qonita Qonita , Elan Elan , Risbon Sianturi  , Sakinah Serfa Az-Zahra , Anggraeni Indri 
Published: November 2024

The critical thinking ability of early childhood is the basis of skills that can be developed through various learning so that scientific questioning skills are formed in understanding each learning context. This type of research uses a qualitative approach. Data collection techniques in this research are through observation, interviews, and documentation data collection. The subjects of this research were 20 children in group B. The results of this research showed that the questioning skills of children in group B of the National Plus Joy Kids Kindergarten were very active, demonstrated by the class's activeness during learning using the audio-visual method, namely showing an interactive learning video so that it could generate Children's curiosity is well stimulated.
Pengembangan Buku Cerita Pop Up Berbasis Multikultural Pendidikan Untuk Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Ika Sugiarti  , Hariyanto  , Sayati Budi Astuti Kurnia  , Iklimahnatun Anggistiani  , Subaeri  , Khozzaimah  
Published: November 2024

This research aims to create a pop-up picture book based on multicultural education for early childhood. Through this picture book, children can understand multicultural education and get used to the diversity around them. In addition, this picture book teaches children how to behave around friends who have different customs and cultures from themselves. This development study refers to the 4-D development design steps. It includes (a) definition, (b) design, (c) development, and (d) dissemination. Before conducting product trials, validation tests were carried out on three experts. Data were collected by conducting observations which were carried out twice, namely before giving the book and after giving the book. Data analysis was carried out through the gain score of pre-test and post-test scores. The product trial was carried out in two stages, namely a limited test with 12 children and the main test with 31 children of PGRI Silo 01 Kindergarten. The results of the product feasibility assessment of product verification were 3.8 (very feasible) for media experts and 4 (very feasible) for material experts. The effectiveness of illustrated pop-up books in instilling an understanding of multicultural education in early childhood is determined based on the results of the pre-test score of 5.13 and the post-test score of 5.95. From this comparison, it can be concluded that the use of pop-up picture books based on multicultural education is effective in increasing children's understanding of multicultural education.
The Effectiveness of Health Education Using Falshback and Video Methods on Balanced Nutrition Knowledge Among Children in Elementary School
Authors: Pratiwi Dhini , Masluroh Masluroh 
Published: November 2024

Aims: This study aims to assess the efficacy of nutrition education using flipcharts and movies in enhancing the knowledge of Balanced Nutrition among elementary school students at SDN 1 Bina Karya Jaya, Putra Rumbia District, Central Lampung Regency in 2023.
Method: The study used the Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design methodology to investigate 44 students at SDN 1 Bina Karya Jaya in Putra Rumbia, Central Lampung Regency.
Result: The results showed that there were differences in the effectiveness of health education flipcharts and video methods on knowledge of balanced nutrition in students at SDN 1 Bina Karya Jaya, Putra Rumbia District, Central Lampung with a p-value of 0.000.
Conclusion: To enable teaching staff to collaborate closely with health workers in order to provide frequent health education on proper nutrition for school-age children, therefore preventing nutritional issues in children.
Effect of foot strike patterns and angles on the biomechanics of side-step cutting
Authors: Yi Fan , Jianchao Zhao , Wen Zhu , Ke Liu , Yantao Lou 
Published: November 2024

ObjectivesThe study aimed to determine how foot strike patterns and cutting angles affect lower extremity (LE) kinematics, kinetics, and muscle activity during side-step cutting.MethodsTwenty male college sport athletes participated in this research. Three-dimensional motion analysis featuring ground reaction force (GRF) and electromyography (EMG) of the dominant leg was used. LE kinematics, kinetics, and EMG data parameters were obtained during a 45° and 90° side-step cutting involving rearfoot strikes (RFS) and forefoot strikes (FFS).ResultsThe significant foot strike pattern × angle interactions were observed for the ankle eversion range of motion (ROM) at the loading phase. Cutting of 90° had greater knee flexion ROM, knee valgus ROM, and knee varus moment compared to that of 45°. RFS cutting had greater knee flexion, hip flexion, knee valgus, knee varus moment, knee varus moment, and ankle eversion ROM. FFS cutting produced a lower vertical GRF, lateral GRF, and a loading rate. Both vastus medialis and vastus lateralis muscle activities were remarkably greater during cutting of 90° than 45°. At the loading phase, semitendinosus, biceps femoris, and the lateral head of gastrocnemius muscle activities during FFS cutting were considerably greater than those during RFS cutting.ConclusionThe FFS pattern can better protect the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and improve the flexibility of athletes by increasing the plantarflexion torque of the ankle. The injury risk also increases with the larger cutting angle. The EMG activities of semitendinosus and biceps femoris are vital for the stability of knee joint during side-step cutting, which helps reduce ACL stress during buffering.
Identifying the genetic association between severe autoimmune type 2 diabetes and the risk of focal epilepsy
Authors: Wu Huanhua , Liao Kai , Li Ying , Tan Zhiqiang , Zhou Ziqing , Zeng Chunyuan , Gong Jian , Wang Huadong , Xu Hao , Hu Youzhu 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundObservational studies suggested a bidirectional relationship between severe autoimmune type 2 diabetes and focal epilepsy. However, it remains debated whether and in which direction a causal association exists. This genetics-based study aimed to explore the relationships of severe autoimmune type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and focal epilepsy outcomes with two sample Mendelian randomization (TSMR) method.MethodsGenetic instruments were obtained from large-scale genome-wide meta-analysis of severe autoimmune T2DM (Ncase = 452, Ncontrol = 2,744), and focal epilepsy (Ncase = 929, Ncontrol = 212,532) of European ancestry. A series of analyses were performed to select eligible genetic instruments robustly associated with each of the traits using summary-level statistics. Inverse variance weighted was used for primary analysis, with alternative 11 MR methods. A scatter plot was utilized to illustrate the association between single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) effects on the exposure and SNP effects on the outcome. The Wald ratio for individual SNPs and their cumulative effects was depicted using a forest plot. And diagnostics and sensitivity analyses were used to evaluate if the causal estimates are robust to violations of MR underlying assumptions, including pleiotropy, heterogeneity assessment, and leave-one-out analysis. Then the results were validated using CURATED database of DisGeNET platform.ResultsFor forward analysis, genetic predisposition to severe autoimmune T2DM was associated with an increased risk of focal epilepsy (Inverse variance weighted (IVW) method: OR = 1.11, 95% CI = 1.03-1.18, p = 0.012). For reverse analysis, there was no enough instrument variables of focal epilepsy on severe autoimmune T2DM. Further, the interrelation between severe autoimmune T2DM and focal epilepsy was demonstrated via variant-disease association network analysis using the instrument SNPs.DiscussionThis MR study supports a causal link between severe autoimmune T2DM and focal epilepsy. More effort should be made to screen seizure in severe autoimmune T2DM, unravel its clinical implications, and explore its role as a putative modifiable risk factor.
Investigation of risk signatures associated with anoikis in thyroid cancer through integrated transcriptome and Mendelian randomization analysis
Authors: Chen Xiang-Yi , Lai Jia-Ying , Shen Wen-Jun , Wang Dawei , Wei Zhi-Xiao 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundAnoikis is intricately associated with the malignant progression of cancer. Thyroid cancer (THCA) is the most common endocrine tumor, metastasis is closely related to treatment response and prognosis of THCA. Hence, it is imperative to comprehensively identify predictive prognostic genes and novel molecular targets for effective THCA therapy.MethodsDifferential expression analysis and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) were utilized to mine differentially expressed anoikis-related (DE-ARGs). Then, the prognostic genes were identified and a risk signature was constructed for THCA using univariate Cox analysis and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) method. Furthermore, the associations between risk signature and immune infiltration, immunotherapy, as well as potential mechanisms of action were determined using multiple R packages and Wilcoxon test. Finally, Mendelian randomized (MR) analysis was conducted to investigate the causal relationship between the prognostic genes and THCA.ResultsIn total, six prognostic genes (LRRC75A, METTL7B, ADRA1B, TPD52L1, TNFRSF10C, and CXCL8) related to anoikis were identified, and the corresponding risk signature were constructed to assess the survival time of THCA patients. Immunocorrelation analysis demonstrated the anoikis-relevant risk signature could be used to evaluate immunotherapy effects in THCA patients, and the infiltration of immune cells was correlated with the degree of risk in THCA patients. According to two-sample MR analysis, there was the significant causal relationship between CXCL8 and THCA (odds ratio [OR] &gt; 1 &amp; p&lt; 0.05), and the increase of its gene expression would lead to an increased risk of THCA. Furthermore, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) confirmed the upregulated expression patterns of these prognostic genes in THCA tissues.ConclusionIn conclusion, we constructed the risk signature related to anoikis for THCA, which might have important clinical significance for improving the quality of life and treatment effect of THCA patients.
De novo SCN1A missense variant in a patient with Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Alluqmani Majed , Alayoubi Abdulfatah M. , Hashmi Jamil A. , Basit Sulman 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundVariants in a gene encoding sodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 1 (SCN1A) are known to cause a broad clinical spectrum of epilepsy and associated features, including Dravet syndrome (MIM 607208), non-Dravet developmental and epileptic encephalopathy (MIM 619317), familial febrile seizures (MIM 604403), familial hemiplegic migraine (MIM 609634), and generalized epilepsy with febrile seizures (MIM 604403).MethodsIn this study, we examined a patient with Parkinson’s disease (PD) without any clinical manifestations of epilepsy and associated features. Genomic nucleic acid was extracted, and a complete coding sequence of the human genome (whole-exome sequencing) was sequenced. Moreover, Sanger sequencing of variants of interest was performed to validate the exome-discovered variants.ResultsWe identified a heterozygous pathogenic missense mutation (c.1498C&gt;T; p.Arg500Trp) in the SCN1A gene in the patient using the whole-exome sequencing approach. The onset of PD features in our patient occurred at the age of 30 years. Biochemical investigations were carried out to rule out any secondary cause of the disease, including Wilson's disease or another metabolic disorder. MRI of the brain and spinal images were unremarkable. Moreover, a dramatic response to carbidopa–levodopa treatment was also observed in the patient.ConclusionOur results suggest that the pathogenic variant in SCN1A may lead to PD features without epilepsy.
Clinical characteristics and antibody response to Omicron variants among solid carcinoma patients in China on the 2022.12–2023.4 wave of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Dai Rongrong , Peng Weiyu , Xu Nani , Qin Pan , Ding Linling , Hua Qianhui , Jiang Jianmin , He Fang , Zhang Hangjie 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundChina experienced a surge of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron variants after adjusting its zero-coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) policy. Although infections with Omicron variants are generally less severe than infections with previous SARS-CoV-2 variants, the clinical characteristics, persistent symptoms, and antibody responses in solid carcinoma patients (SCPs) with COVID-19 during the Omicron wave are unclear.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study in April 2023, recruiting healthy controls (HCs) from the community and SCPs from Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital. Serum samples were collected, and a questionnaire was used to assess SARS-CoV-2 infection status, including demographic characteristics, clinical manifestations, and “long COVID” symptoms. Humoral immune responses were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) targeting immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies against the receptor-binding domain (RBD; Omicron BA.4/5) protein and cell culture-based neutralization assays against Omicron variants (BA.4/5, BF.7, XBB.1.5, and EG.5).ResultsIn total, 298 SCPs and 258 HCs were enrolled. Self-reported COVID-19 case rates were significantly lower in SCPs than in HCs (78.5% vs. 93.8%, P&lt;0.001). Common COVID-19 symptoms were similar between the two groups, primarily comprising general (92.6% vs. 84.9%) and respiratory symptoms (51.9% vs. 48.2%) after acute infection. There was no significant difference in persistent symptoms at 1–3 months post-infection (P=0.353); fatigue was the most common symptom (45.0% vs. 44.8%). SCPs exhibited lower anti-RBD-IgG titers compared with HCs (1.061 vs. 1.978, P=0.001). The 50% pseudovirus neutralization titer (pVNT50) values for prevalent Omicron strains (BA.4/5 and BF.7) were lower in SCPs than in HCs (621.0 [288.8, 1333.0] vs. 894.1 [458.5, 1637.0] and 529.6 [215.3, 1264.5] vs. 463.1 [185.2, 914.0], respectively). Levels of antibodies against subsequent variants (XBB.1.5 and EG.5) also were reduced. There were no significant differences among carcinoma types in the levels of antibodies against Omicron variants. However, SCPs who received the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine or had COVID-19 during the Omicron wave displayed higher antibody levels.ConclusionsThis study elucidated the clinical and immunological characteristics of SCPs during the Omicron wave in China after the shift away from a zero-COVID-19 policy. Our findings provide insights regarding factors that influence COVID-19 symptoms and antibody levels in this population.
Impairment of regulatory T cell stability in axial spondyloarthritis: role of EZH2 and pSTAT5
Authors: Mebrek Majda Lyna , Abaab Tessnime , Lemeiter Delphine , Breckler Magali , Hervé Roxane , Petit Mylène , Clavel Gaëlle , Sigaux Johanna , Boissier Marie-Christophe , Semerano Luca , Biton Jérôme , Bessis Natacha 
Published: November 2024

Background and objectivesAxial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) is a chronic inflammatory disease involving the spine, peripheral joints, and entheses. Functional impairment of regulatory T cells (Treg) is linked to inflammatory diseases, but limited data is available regarding Treg involvement in axSpA. Treg stability refers to their ability to maintain their functions and characteristics in pro-inflammatory environments. EZH2 and phosphorylated STAT5 (pSTAT5) play a critical role in maintaining Treg stability. We aimed to characterize Treg stability in patients with axSpA.MethodsPeripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from axSpA patients, either naïve from targeted therapy or treated by TNF inhibitors (TNFi), and from healthy donors (HD), were freshly isolated. Expression of stability (EZH2, pSTAT5) and suppressive (TNFR2 and CD39) markers by Treg was analyzed by flow cytometry.ResultsEZH2 expression by Treg was decreased in axSpA patients as compared to HD (p&lt;0.01). Mechanistic study showed that inhibition of EZH2 attenuated Treg differentiation and suppressive phenotype in vitro. EZH2 was predominantly expressed by highly suppressive TNFR2+ and CD39+ Treg. Additionally, axSpA patients also exhibited a reduced frequency of pSTAT5+ Treg compared to HD (p&lt;0.05), and pSTAT5+ Treg frequency increased at 3 months of TNFi treatment compared to baseline (p&lt;0.05). This last result suggested a restoration of Treg stability upon TNFi treatment.ConclusionBy highlighting a deficient expression of EZH2 and pSTAT5 by Treg, we revealed an impaired Treg stability in axSpA. Deciphering the pathways influenced by these molecules is necessary to assess the potential therapeutic benefits of restoring Treg stability in axSpA.