bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Probing the Southern Fermi Bubble in Ultraviolet Absorption Using Distant AGNs
Authors: Karim Md Tanveer , Fox Andrew J. , Jenkins Edward B. , Bordoloi Rongmon , Wakker Bart P. , Savage Blair D. , Lockman Felix J. , Crawford Steven M. , Jorgenson Regina A. , Bland-Hawthorn Joss 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
The Fermi Bubbles are two giant gamma-ray emitting lobes extending 55° above and below the Galactic center. While the Northern Bubble has been extensively studied in ultraviolet (UV) absorption, little is known about the gas kinematics of the southern Bubble. We use UV absorption-line spectra from the Cosmic Origins Spectrograph (COS) on the Hubble Space Telescope to probe the southern Fermi Bubble using a sample of 17 background AGNs projected behind or near the Bubble. We measure the incidence of high-velocity clouds (HVC), finding that 4 out of 6 sightlines passing through the Bubble show HVC absorption, versus 6 out of 11 passing outside. We find strong evidence that the maximum absolute LSR velocity of the HVC components decreases as a function of galactic latitude within the Bubble, for both blueshifted and redshifted components, as expected for a decelerating outflow. We explore whether the column density ratios Si iv/Si iii, Si iv/Si ii, and Si iii/Si ii correlate with the absolute galactic latitude within the Bubble. These results demonstrate the use of UV absorption-line spectroscopy to characterize the kinematics and ionization conditions of embedded clouds in the Galactic center outflow.
Physician’s Global Assessment in Psoriatic Arthritis: A Multicenter GRAPPA Study
Authors: Cauli Alberto , Gladman Dafna D. , Mathieu Alessandro , Olivieri Ignazio , Porru Giovanni , Tak Paul P. , Sardu Claudia , Scarpa Raffaele , Marchesoni Antonio , Taylor William J. , Salvarani Carlo , Kalden Joachim , Lubrano Ennio , Carneiro Sueli , Piga Matteo , Floris Alberto , Desiati Francesca , Flynn John A. , D’Angelo Salvatore , van Kuijk Arno W.R. , Catanoso Maria Grazia , Caso Francesco , Contu Paolo , Ujfalussy Ilona , Helliwell Philip S. , Mease Philip J. 
Published: June 2018

Objective.Physician’s global assessment (PGA) of disease activity is a major determinant of therapeutic decision making. This study assesses the reliability of the PGA, measured by means of 0–100 mm visual analog scale (VAS), and the additional use of separate VAS scales for musculoskeletal (PhysMSK) and dermatologic (PhysSk) manifestations in patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA).Methods.Sixteen centers from 8 countries enrolled 319 consecutive patients with PsA. PGA, PhysMSK, and PhysSk evaluation forms were administered at enrollment (W0) and after 1 week (W1). Detailed clinical data regarding musculoskeletal (MSK) manifestations, as well as dermatological assessment, were recorded.Results.Comparison of W0 and W1 scores showed no significant variation (intraclass correlation coefficients were PGA 0.87, PhysMSK 0.86, PhysSk 0.78), demonstrating the reliability of the instrument. PGA scores were dependent on PhysMSK and PhysSk (p < 0.0001) with a major effect of the MSK component (B = 0.69) compared to skin (B = 0.32). PhysMSK was correlated with the number of swollen joints, tender joints, and presence of dactylitis (p < 0.0001). PhysSk scores were correlated with the extent of skin psoriasis and by face, buttocks or intergluteal, and feet involvement (p < 0.0001). Finally, physician and patient assessments were compared showing frequent mismatch and a scattered dot plot: PGA versus patient’s global assessment (r = 0.36), PhysMSK versus patient MSK (r = 0.39), and PhysSk versus patient skin (r = 0.49).Conclusion.PGA assessed by means of VAS is a reliable tool to assess MSK and dermatological disease activity. PGA may diverge from patient self-evaluation. Because MSK and skin/nail disease activity may diverge, it is suggested that both PhysMSK and PhysSk are assessed.
Feasibility and Reliability of the Spondyloarthritis Research Consortium of Canada Sacroiliac Joint Structural Score in Children
Authors: Weiss Pamela F. , Maksymowych Walter P. , Lambert Robert G. , Jaremko Jacob L. , Biko David M. , Paschke Joel , Brandon Timothy G. , Xiao Rui , Chauvin Nancy A. 
Published: June 2018

Objective.There is a critical need for measures to evaluate structural progression in the pediatric sacroiliac joint (SIJ). We aimed to evaluate the construct validity and reliability of the Spondyloarthritis Research Consortium of Canada SIJ Structural Score (SSS) in children with suspected or confirmed juvenile spondyloarthritis.Methods.The SSS assesses structural lesions of the SIJ on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) through the cartilaginous part of the joint. We conducted 3 sequential reading exercises with 6 readers (1 adult and 3 pediatric radiologists, 1 adult and 1 pediatric rheumatologist). Each exercise was preceded by a calibration module. Interobserver reliability was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC). Prespecified acceptable reliability thresholds were ICC > 0.5 for erosion, backfill, and sclerosis, and ICC > 0.7 for ankylosis and fat metaplasia.Results.The SSS had face validity and was feasible to score in pediatric cases for all 3 reading exercises. Of the cases used in the 3 exercises, 58% were male and the median age was 14 years (range 6.8–18.7 yrs). After calibration, median ICC across all readers for each SSS component were the following: erosion 0.67 (interquartile range 0.54–0.80), backfill 0.33 (0.19–0.52), fat metaplasia 0.74 (0.62–0.85), sclerosis 0.63 (0.48–0.77), and ankylosis 0.44 (0.28–0.62). Prespecified reliability thresholds were achieved in the third exercise for erosion, sclerosis, and fat metaplasia but not for backfill or ankylosis.Conclusion.The SSS was feasible to score and had acceptable reliability for pediatric SIJ MRI evaluation. The ICC improved with additional calibration and reading exercises, even for readers with limited experience.
Analyse économique du droit de la faillite : les dix fonctions des procédures collectives
Authors: Blazy Régis , Boughanmi Afef , Chopard Bertrand , Letaief Aziza 
Published: June 2018

Cet article propose une analyse économique originale des systèmes de faillite dans vingt pays (européens et non européens). Notre approche isole dix grandes fonctions des procédures collectives : accessibilité de la procédure, flexibilité de la procédure, coûts de faillites, production d'information, protection des actifs, protection des créances, coordination des stakeholders , décision des stakeholders , sanction des dirigeants, orientation en valeur de la liquidation ou de la continuation. Nous montrons que l'opposition des pays entre systèmes debtor-friendly versus creditor-friendly ou selon l'origine du droit des pays ( civil law versus common law ) est trop rudimentaire pour fonder les décisions d'implantation des investisseurs. Chaque système de faillite présente des forces et des faiblesses clairement identifiables, qui varient selon les catégories de stakeholders considérées. Classification JEL : G33, K15, K22.
Universités du monde : le tropisme américain
Authors: Mudry Michel 
Published: June 2018

Cet article a pour objet de préciser les raisons de l’influence des grandes universités américaines dans le monde entier, principalement à travers un examen des facteurs d’attractivité auprès des étudiants et des universitaires. À l’occasion de la publication du fameux classement de Shanghai en 2003, il semble que cet idéaltype ait été accepté, en tout cas en France, comme un standard international, alors qu’il est issu du modèle américain. De ce fait, on s’attache d’abord à examiner les conditions historiques de sa formation et le contexte national dans lequel il s’est développé. Ensuite, on distingue quatre facteurs : le campus, l’excellence dans l’ undergraduate education , les effets de concentration dans la graduate education et dans les deux domaines business et engineering . Enfin, on aborde le danger d’une imitation abusive et naïve comme guide de réformes, à l’instar de ce que l’on connaît en France depuis une dizaine d’années.
La francophonie dans un monde universitaire en transformation
Authors: de Gaudemar Jean-Paul 
Published: June 2018

Le monde universitaire connaît une transformation profonde. Le nombre d’étudiants dans le monde a doublé en moins de quinze ans, notamment dans le monde francophone. Malgré l’augmentation du nombre d’étudiants, de professeurs et d’universités francophones, en Afrique notamment, de nombreuses inquiétudes subsistent. Les jeunes générations francophones ont de plus en plus tendance à communiquer leurs recherches en utilisant la langue anglaise, du fait de sa plus large diffusion. C’est en cela que l’Agence universitaire de la francophonie (AUF) est importante. Basée à Montréal, elle mène une vraie politique de solidarité entre les universités francophones, afin que la langue française reste une langue universitaire majeure. La pédagogie et la recherche sont les deux axes principaux qui permettent cela. Une autre inquiétude est celle du lien entre les diplômes obtenus et le monde du travail. En effet, dans les pays africains, obtenir un diplôme universitaire peut se révéler handicapant pour trouver un emploi. C’est en fait la place du monde universitaire francophone dans la société qui est en jeu.
Nouvelles ruralités, agroécologie, souveraineté alimentaire : vers des alternatives de développement ? Introduction
Authors: Roudart Laurence 
Published: June 2018

Depuis les années 2000, le secteur agricole est redevenu un thème central des débats sur le développement. Selon la pensée dominante, libérale et « modernisatrice », la paysannerie est vouée à disparaître. Mais, depuis les années 1990, des agriculteurs familiaux toujours plus nombreux se revendiquent comme acteurs de trajectoires alternatives de développement agricole et rural, en collaboration avec d’autres acteurs citoyens, parmi lesquels des chercheurs engagés. Ces mouvements n’ont pas encore abouti à un projet politique largement fédérateur. Un défi sera d’articuler des initiatives portées par des communautés locales et de nouvelles politiques publiques visant un développement agricole durable.
"Manga in America: Transnational book publishing and the domestication of Japanese comics," by Casey Brienza
Authors: Hemmann Kathryn 
Published: June 2018

Review of Casey Brienza, Manga in America: Transnational book publishing and the domestication of Japanese comics. New York: Bloomsbury Academic, 2016. Hardback £70 (232p) (ISBN 978-1472595867); paperback £21.99 (232p) (ISBN 978-1472595874); e-book £23.74 (ISBN 978-1472595881).
Découverte d’un cœur-reliquaire à Douai (ancienne église Saint-Jacques, place Carnot) :  approche pluridisciplinaire  de l’embaumement à l’époque moderne
Authors: Devriendt William , Venet Stéphane , Defgnée Ann , Garnier Nicolas , Gillet Benjamin , Hänni Catherine , Rossetti Loretta 
Published: June 2018

La découverte, au cours de fouilles archéologiques, d’un cœur embaumé dans un reliquaire du xvie siècle a été l’occasion pour une équipe pluridisciplinaire de travailler sur la composition du baume. L’utilisation de techniques d’investigation très diverses (palynologie, chromatographie, paléogénétique…) a permis d’avancer dans la connaissance des espèces et techniques utilisées pour réaliser cet acte chirurgical et également de réhabiliter tant soit peu l’embaumement médiéval ou moderne.
Rapid Species Identification of Candida Directly from Blood Culture Broths by Sepsityper-Maldi-Tof Mass Spectrometry: Impact on Antifungal Therapy
Authors: Bal AM , McGill M 
Published: June 2018

Rapid identification of Candida species facilitates pathogen-directed therapy with either fluconazole or an echinocandin. Method We applied Sepsityper matrix-assisted laser desorption ionisation-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) technology on positive blood culture broths for rapid species identification. Results Of the 74 patients with candidaemia, 25 had the species identified on the day of the positive blood culture directly from the broth (rapid identification group) while the remaining 49 had the species identified from culture (conventional identification group). Three (13.6%) out of 22 treated patients in the rapid identification group received echinocandin compared to 20/45 (44.4%) in the conventional identification group. The appropriateness of therapy was 90.9% in the rapid identification group and 62.2% in the conventional identification group (p = 0.01). Cost savings were more than £10,000 in the first three days of treatment. Conclusion Sepsityper-MALDI-TOF-MS is a useful tool in supporting antifungal stewardship programmes.
What Might Brexit Mean for British Tourists Travelling to the Rest of Europe?
Authors: McKee D , McKee M 
Published: June 2018

Brexit will have profound implications for British tourists visiting the rest of the European Union, in particular because of the likely loss of coverage of healthcare should they be injured or fall ill. This paper compares the cost of travel insurance within the EU and in comparable countries outside it, asking how it varies by age and pre-existing conditions. Fictitious patients, differing by age, pre-existing condition, and destination (France, an EU Member State; Israel and Canada, two high income non-EU frequent destinations) were entered into an insurance price comparison website to assess the influence of these characteristics on prices quoted. Cost of travel insurance increases with age, pre-existing health conditions and by destination. In those with no pre-existing conditions, there is a marked difference between France, where the cost rises steadily with age, and Israel and Canada, where there is a sharp increase after age 75. For individuals with any one pre-existing condition, there is no similar jump in cost but rather a progressive increase with age, although the rate of increase accelerates as the individuals concerned get older. For all travellers, the cost of insurance is highest for Canada and lowest for France At present, pre-existing health conditions in British tourists travelling in the rest of the EU are covered by the European Health Insurance Card. With the UK's probable exit from the EU and almost certain loss of this coverage, travellers in the older age groups may have to pay much more for their travel insurance, with some possibly tempted to forgo travel insurance coverage because of the cost. It is essential that health professionals understand how leaving the EU may impact on those seeking their advice.
The GEWEX Water Vapor Assessment archive of water vapour products from satellite observations and reanalyses
Authors: Schröder Marc , Lockhoff Maarit , Fell Frank , Forsythe John , Trent Tim , Bennartz Ralf , Borbas Eva , Bosilovich Michael G. , Castelli Elisa , Hersbach Hans , Kachi Misako , Kobayashi Shinya , Kursinski E. Robert , Loyola Diego , Mears Carl , Preusker Rene , Rossow William B. , Saha Suranjana 
Published: June 2018

Abstract. The Global Energy and Water cycle Exchanges (GEWEX) Data and Assessments
Panel (GDAP) initiated the GEWEX Water Vapor Assessment (G-VAP), which has
the main objectives to quantify the current state of the art in water vapour
products being constructed for climate applications and to support the
selection process of suitable water vapour products by GDAP for its
production of globally consistent water and energy cycle products. During the
construction of the G-VAP data archive, freely available and mature satellite
and reanalysis data records with a minimum temporal coverage of 10 years were
considered. The archive contains total column water vapour (TCWV) as well as
specific humidity and temperature at four pressure levels (1000, 700, 500,
300 hPa) from 22 different data records. All data records were remapped to a
regular longitude–latitude grid of 2∘ × 2∘. The
archive consists of four different folders: 22 TCWV data records covering the
period 2003–2008, 11 TCWV data records covering the period 1988–2008, as
well as 7 specific humidity and 7 temperature data records covering the
period 1988–2009. The G-VAP data archive is referenced under the following
digital object identifier (doi):
https://doi.org/10.5676/EUM_SAF_CM/GVAP/V001. Within G-VAP, the
characterization of water vapour products is, among other ways, achieved
through intercomparisons of the considered data records, as a whole and
grouped into three classes of predominant retrieval condition: clear-sky,
cloudy-sky and all-sky. Associated results are shown using the 22 TCWV data
records. The standard deviations among the 22 TCWV data records have been
analysed and exhibit distinct maxima over central Africa and the tropical
warm pool (in absolute terms) as well as over the poles and mountain regions
(in relative terms). The variability in TCWV within each class can be large
and prohibits conclusions about systematic differences in TCWV between the
classes.
De redzaamheidsnotie als dekmantel
Authors: Elsman Sjouke 
Published: June 2018

Self-reliance as an easy cover
In recent years few political ambitions enjoyed so much political support as the striving to let the welfare state become more of a ‘participation society’. This ‘participation society’ should be a society with self-reliant citizens; before turning to the state for support, citizens should first of all look at their own capacities, and only in the last case ask the state for help. The premise is promising: collective well-being. However, the fundamental assumptions behind this notion do raise questions. This article argues that the notion for citizens to be self-reliant easily builds on questionable assumptions; these assumptions on the one hand raise hope for collective well-being, but on the other hand easily catalyze citizens’ contemporary uncertainties. It indeed is desirable to restate the relation between state and citizens, but the contemporary focus on citizens’ self-reliance should watch for building on unstable foundations to easily.
Zonder publieke liefde
Authors: Klarenbeek Tessa 
Published: June 2018

Without public love
Decades of neoliberalism have placed emphasis on individualism, self-responsibility, and self-interest. As a result solidarity, and charity are losing ground and inter-subjective suspicion enters society. With a dominant focus on the economic life, happiness can be found in working and consuming, which has led to a morbid focus on performance. As a consequence self-exploitation, stress, fear of failure and auto-aggression undermines self-love. Competing individuals, with whom man cannot identify himself, see the other as someone who also has to take care of himself; empathy for the stranger is far to seek. Problematic because in the participatory society people need to care for themselves, and others, which calls for public love. Economic actions of man should be perceived as a social activity that presupposes love. A supplier must show empathy towards its customer before a decent product can be created. A prerequisite for empathy and cooperation is equality. However with scarcity as the engine of hyper-capitalism market thinking inequality between people increases. It seems that men should embrace the ‘difference’ of others. The acceptance of ‘the strange’ could start with a heterogeneous student population during education, and a variety of inhabitants in neighbourhoods. Furthermore a more relaxed working climate with the focus on cooperation instead of competition could contribute to the return of empathy and self-love.
De blinde vlek van burgerschapsonderwijs
Authors: Eidhof Bram 
Published: June 2018

De blinde vlek van burgerschapsonderwijs
The most relevant part of a discussion is not what is discussed but what cannot be spoken of. The real taboos are those for which it is taboo to call them taboos. The status quo defines itself as non-ideological while denouncing any challenge to itself as radical.Therefore the column ‘De Blinde Vlek’ frames the framers, politicizes the status quo and articulates what is not heard of.
What are the core aims of English as a school subject? A study of teacher understanding in lower secondary school
Authors: Chvala Lynell 
Published: June 2018

Teachers’ interpretations of the core aims of a school subject open or constrain what can be taught and learned in the subject in school. The global spread of English and its changing status in the world have impacted how English as a school subject is understood and what it is meant to achieve. This article explores teachers’ understandings of the core aims of English as a school subject at the end of basic English education in Norway. Data consist of interviews with 12 teachers across six schools in a large school district. Qualitative analyses of the data identify four core aims: 1) acquiring content knowledge of English-speaking countries, 2), developing communicative language ability 3) developing linguistic knowledge of English and 4) developing the democratic citizen. While acquiring knowledge and learning to communicate in English are dominant in teacher understanding, linguistic knowledge of English and democratic participation are much less pronounced. These findings are discussed in light of future needs for English as a world language. Finally, suggestions are made for bridging the way English as a school subject is understood today and imagining an alternative for the future. Key words: English as a school subject, core aims, teacher cognition, lower secondary school, NorwayHva er kjernemålene i engelskfaget på ungdomstrinnet i skolen? En studie av lærers forståelseSammendragLærernes tolkning av de sentrale målene for et skolefag er avgjørende for hva som kan undervises og læres i faget i skolen. Utbredelsen av engelsk og språkets endrede status i verden påvirker hvordan faget forstås og hva som oppleves som hensikten med faget. Denne artikkelen utforsker læreres oppfatninger av de sentrale målene for engelskfaget i grunnskolen i Norge.Datamaterialet består av intervjuer med 12 lærere ved seks skoler i en stor kommune. Gjennom kvalitative analyser av intervjudata er fire sentrale mål identifisert: 1) Å tilegne seg kunnskap om engelsktalende land, 2) Å utvikle kommunikative ferdigheter, 3) Å utvikle engelsk språk- (lingvistisk-) kunnskap og 4) Å utvikle demokratiske medborgere. Mens kunnskapstilegnelse og utviklingen av kommunikative ferdigheter er dominerende i lærernes forståelse, er kunnskap om det engelske språksystemet og opplæring i demokratisk deltagelse mindre tydelig i materialet. Funnene blir diskutert med tanke på fremtidige behov for engelsk som verdensspråk. Til slutt presenteres et forslag for hvordan man kan bygge broer mellom forståelsen av engelsk som skolefag i dag og et mulig alternativ til dette i fremtiden.Nøkkelord: Engelsk som skolefag, kjernemål, formål, sosial praksis, lærerdiskurs, Norge
Prospective memory, working memory, planning, and attention in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder: A comparative study
Authors: Yasmin Natasha , Pandey Rashmi 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThere is a need to study prospective memory (PM) and its relationship with aspects of frontal lobe functioning in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. The study aims to investigate event‐based (EB) and time‐based (TB) PM functioning in the two groups, and its association with working memory, planning, and attention. A word categorisation task was developed to assess PM functioning among 90 participants (schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and a control group). Frontal lobe functioning was assessed using Tower of London, N‐Back test, and triads test. Mean comparisons revealed significantly higher impairment in TB PM in comparison to EB PM in both the clinical groups. Significant relationship between PM and frontal lobe impairment was found. Relationship between PM and frontal lobe deficits in the clinical groups emphasises the need to include its assessment at an early stage and to develop PM rehabilitation strategies to improve the quality of living.