bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modifying Properties of Aqueous Micellar Solutions by External Additives: Deep Eutectic Solvent versus Its Constituents
Authors: Pal Mahi , Behera Kamalakanta , Yadav Anita , Pandey Siddharth 
Published: November 2018

AbstractDeep eutectic solvents (DESs) have emerged as nontoxic and inexpensive alternatives to both ionic liquids and common volatile organic solvents. Role of DESs in sustaining and effecting surfactant self‐assemblies has garnered interest only recently. Effect of addition of DESs Reline and Glyceline, constituted of salt choline chloride (ChCl) and different H‐bond donors (HBDs) urea and glycerol, respectively, in 1 : 2 mole ratios, on the physicochemical properties of four structurally‐different aqueous micellar solutions of anionic sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS), cationic dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide (DTAB), zwitterionic dodecyl sulfobetaine (SB‐12) and nonionic Triton X‐100 (TX‐100) is assessed. It is observed that the changes in the properties investigated are contingent, in most part, on the structure of the surfactant as well as on the identity of the DES. Properties of the anionic SDS micellar solutions are affected the most by the addition of the DESs. The change in the properties of an aqueous micellar solution due to the addition of a DES may not always be a result of the cumulative change due to the addition of the constituents of the DES. In general, the salt ChCl of the DESs is found to dominate the changes as compared to the HBDs urea/glycerol. Overall, DESs emerge as substances having potential to favorably modify the key properties of micellar media.
Binary and Ternary Manganese Dioxide Composites Cathode for Aqueous Zinc‐ion Battery
Authors: Zhao Ling , Dong Liubing , Liu Wenbao , Xu Chengjun 
Published: November 2018

AbstractMnO2 is a traditional cathode material for aqueous zinc‐ion battery (ZIB). However, its extensive use is limited by its poor conductivity and cycling performance. Design of binary or ternary MnO2 composites is a useful way to enhance the performance of MnO2. At first, a series of binary MnO2/carbon nanotube (CNT) composites with different CNT contents were synthesized by a facile co‐precipitation method. The effect of CNT content on the properties of binary composites was investigated. In addition, the ternary MnO2/CNT/polyaniline (PANI) composites were prepared to investigate the effect of unitary, binary and ternary composites on the MnO2. The results show that an appropriate content of CNT decreases the charge transfer resistance of the composite leading to a good electrochemical performance. The addition of PANI stabilizes the cycle performance of the composite at a cost of a slight decrease in the specific capacity.
Fabrication of Bimetallic Ag‐Co Nanoparticle Deposited on Hierarchical ZSM‐5 as a Selective Catalyst for Synthesis of Propargylamine in Water via Multicomponent A3 Coupling
Authors: Kalbasi Roozbeh Javad , Khojastegi Anahita 
Published: November 2018

AbstractAlloying nanoparticle is a method to adjust the surface properties of catalysts so as to enhance catalytic performances of them and they usually exhibit outstanding characteristics which are disparate from monometallic nanoparticles. In this regard, a bimetallic catalyst based on sliver and cobalt nanoparticles incorporated in the structure of hierarchical ZSM‐5 (Hi‐ZSM‐5) was produced. This novel catalyst was simply produced through simultaneous chemical reduction of silver and cobalt ions in the presence of Hi‐ZSM‐5. The solid support (Hi‐ZSM‐5) has played a highly crucial part in this catalyst because it offers a high surface area for deposition of nanoparticles as active sites and facilitates diffusion of reactants by its mesopores. The catalytic aspects of Ag−Co/Hi‐ZSM‐5 were examined in A3 coupling reaction of amine, aldehyde, acetylene in water media and impacts of different reaction parameters were extensively investigated. Outperforming both monometallic counterparts, the catalyst was found highly selective, stable and recoverable in the reaction and it did not show any sign of chemical or morphological alterations after 5 runs. The chemical composition and morphological properties of the catalyst were evaluated by XRD, BET, SEM‐EDS, TEM, DRS‐UV and ICP‐AES techniques.
A gateway to consumers' minds: Achievements, caveats, and prospects of electroencephalography‐based prediction in neuromarketing
Authors: Hakim Adam , Levy Dino J. 
Published: November 2018

In the last decade, the field of consumer neuroscience, or neuromarketing, has been flourishing, with numerous publications, academic programs, initiatives, and companies. The demand for objective neural measures to quantify consumers' preferences and predict responses to marketing campaigns is ever on the rise, particularly due to the limitations of traditional marketing techniques, such as questionnaires, focus groups, and interviews. However, research has yet to converge on a unified methodology or conclusive results that can be applied in the industry. In this review, we present the potential of electroencephalography (EEG)‐based preference prediction. We summarize previous EEG research and propose features which have shown promise in capturing the consumers' evaluation process, including components acquired from an event‐related potential design, inter‐subject correlations, hemispheric asymmetry, and various spectral band powers. Next, we review the latest findings on attempts to predict preferences based on various features of the EEG signal. Finally, we conclude with several recommended guidelines for prediction. Chiefly, we stress the need to demonstrate that neural measures contribute to preference prediction beyond what traditional measures already provide. Second, prediction studies in neuromarketing should adopt the standard practices and methodology used in data science and prediction modeling that is common in other fields such as computer science and engineering.This article is categorized under:
Economics > Interactive Decision‐Making
Economics > Individual Decision‐Making
Psychology > Prediction
Neuroscience > Cognition
Developing Metrics to Define Progress in Children’s Surgery
Authors: Poenaru Dan , Seyi‐Olajide Justina Onyioza 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThere is a need for relevant, valid, and practical metrics to better quantify both need and progress in global pediatric surgery and for monitoring systems performance. There are several existing surgical metrics in use, including disability‐adjusted life years (DALYs), surgical backlog, effective coverage, cost‐effectiveness, and the Lancet Commission on Global Surgery indicators. Most of these have, however, not been yet applied to children’s surgery, leaving therefore significant data gaps in the burden of disease, infrastructure, human resources, and quality of care assessments in the specialty. This chapter reviews existing global surgical metrics, identifies settings where these have been already applied to children’s surgery, and highlights opportunities for further inquiry in filling the knowledge gaps. Directing focused, intentional knowledge translation efforts in the identified areas of deficiency will foster the maturation of global pediatric surgery into a solid academic discipline able to contribute directly to the cause of improving the lives of children around the world.
Cytogenetic Analysis of Spontaneous Miscarriages Using Long-Term Culturing of Chorionic Villi
Authors: Horiuchi Isao , Wakimoto Yu , Kuwata Tomoyuki , Sawai Hideaki , Shibahara Hiroaki , Takagi Kenjiro 
Published: November 2018

AbstractSpontaneous miscarriages are strongly associated with fetal chromosomal abnormalities. We sought to validate the occurrence of chromosomal abnormalities in Japanese patients with early spontaneous miscarriages using a conventional long-term culture method. One hundred and thirty-two patients were studied after excluding 7 cases with culture failure. Chromosomal analysis of 132 cases was performed using a long-term culture method of the villous placental tissue. Patients’ age, number of previous spontaneous abortions, fetal data from ultrasonography, and the method of conception (ART or spontaneous pregnancy) were obtained from the electronic medical records. The association between the patient’s background and the cytogenetic data was analyzed using a Chi squared test. The average maternal age of the 132 cases of early spontaneous abortion was 34.2≤±≤4.7 year (range: 24–43). Chromosomal abnormalities were detected in 89 cases (67.4%), among which 52.8% represented trisomy, 1.1% represented double trisomy, 10.1% represented polyploidy, 7.9% represented monosomy, 12.4% represented structural chromosomal abnormality, and 15.7% represented mosaic chromosome abnormalities. Women older than 35 year had a higher rate of chromosomal abnormalities than younger women (76.6% vs. 58.8%; P≤=≤0.015). Twenty-five of the 132 pregnancies were achieved with ART and were associated with a higher rate of trisomy (64.0% vs. 37.4%; P≤=≤0.008). G-banding identified a rare form of polyploidy 94,XXYYYY. Our results confirmed previous findings that older Japanese women with spontaneous miscarriages have a higher rate of chromosomal abnormalities.
Regenerative processes for Poisson zero polytopes
Authors: Martínez Servet , Nagel Werner 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Let (Mt:t>0) be a Markov process of tessellations of ℝℓ, and let (𝒞t:t>0) be the process of their zero cells (zero polytopes), which has the same distribution as the corresponding process for Poisson hyperplane tessellations. In the present paper we describe the stationary zero cell process (at𝒞at:t∈ℝ),a>1, in terms of some regenerative structure and we show that it is a Bernoulli flow. An important application is to STIT tessellation processes.
Limit theorems for random polytopes with vertices on convex surfaces
Authors: Turchi N. , Wespi F. 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
We consider the random polytope Kn, defined as the convex hull of n points chosen independently and uniformly at random on the boundary of a smooth convex body in ℝd. We present both lower and upper variance bounds, a strong law of large numbers, and a central limit theorem for the intrinsic volumes of Kn. A normal approximation bound from Stein's method and estimates for surface bodies are among the tools involved.
The palaeoecological meaning of macromammal remains from archaeological sites exemplified by the case study of Grotta Paglicci (Upper Palaeolithic, southern Italy)
Authors: Boschin Francesco , Boscato Paolo , Berto Claudio , Crezzini Jacopo , Ronchitelli Annamaria 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBone accumulation in Palaeolithic archaeological sites is often the result of activities carried out by hunter-gatherer groups. Cultural choices may have influenced prey representation in archaeological assemblages, distorting their palaeoecological meaning. We present a comparison between large mammal and small mammal assemblages from the Upper Palaeolithic sequence of Grotta Paglicci (Apulia, southern Italy) that extends from the Marginally Backed Bladelet Aurignacian (about 39,000 cal yr BP) to the Final Epigravettian (about 13,000 cal yr BP). At Paglicci, the high frequency of horse and ibex remains indicates open and dry environments for most of the Upper Palaeolithic. This is confirmed by the predominance of the common vole among small mammals. The alternation between horse and ibex, which takes place during the Upper Palaeolithic, however, looks to be more related to variations in hunting territories. Taxon frequencies change abruptly at 17,955–16,696 cal yr BP, with an increase in woodland-related ungulates together with micromammals, indicating a climatic evolution towards milder and more humid conditions. Results demonstrate that when the association of ungulate taxa is considered as a whole, it has a good palaeoecological signal, whilst considering taxa separately can help to better understand cultural choices of past hunter-gatherer communities.
Host-plant switching promotes the population growth ofApolygus lucorum: implications for laboratory rearing
Authors: Pan H.-S. , Liu B. , Lu Y.-H. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe mirid bugApolygus lucorum(Meyer-Dür) (Hemiptera: Miridae) is a major pest on cotton, fruit trees and other crops in China.A. lucorumadults often switch host plants in the agro-ecosystem, and such host-plant switching may promote more rapid population growth ofA. lucorum. Here, we examined the population fitness ofA. lucorumon different combinations of two plant foods [fresh maize kernels (Zea mays) and green bean pods (Phaseolus vulgaris)] in the laboratory when reared either individually or in groups. Our results suggested that, compared withA. lucorumnymphs reared on green bean alone, the survival rate, developmental rate, and adult weight significantly increased when they were fed fresh maize kernels for both rearing methods. Both two-plant combinations of foods (i.e., maize as nymphal food then green bean as adult food, and green bean as nymphal food then maize as adult food) generally prolonged adult longevity, improved female fecundity, and higher egg hatching rate compared with maize or green bean as food for both nymphs and adults. The combination of nymphs with maize and adults with green bean showed the highest population growth rate for both individual and group rearing of mirid bugs. Host food switching greatly promoted the population growth ofA. lucorum, and suggests a new diet for laboratory rearing ofA. lucorum.
The Charter's Influence on Legislation: Political Strategizing about Risk
Authors: Hiebert Janet L. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractCommentators and critics often invoke the metaphor “Charter proofing” to emphasize how much the Charter and judicial review have influenced legislation. This metaphor implies that proposed legislation is evaluated carefully for its consistency with Charter rulings as a condition of passage because decision makers believe legislation should respect judicial interpretations of constitutional norms and/or because they engage in risk-averse behaviour out of self-interest to minimize the likelihood that legislation could subsequently be challenged and declared unconstitutional. However, it is not clear that the federal government is as worried about having legislation declared invalid as many assume. If this is so, federal government responses to the Charter raise an interesting puzzle. The government has both the resources and the institutional capacity to anticipate judicial concerns and integrate judicial norms into legislation to minimize the likelihood of having legislation declared unconstitutional. So why does it not act in a more risk-averse manner at the outset, in order to protect legislation from the possibility of judicial invalidation? This address offers a five-part explanation to this puzzle that emphasizes the significance of political strategizing about risk.
Hepatozoon milleri sp. nov. (Adeleorina: Hepatozoidae) in Akodon montensis (Rodentia: Cricetidae: Sigmodontinae) from southeastern Brazil
Authors: de Castro Demoner Larissa , Lucas da Silva Maria Regina , Magro Natalia Mizuhira , O'Dwyer Lucia Helena 
Published: November 2018

AbstractMembers of the genus Hepatozoon (Miller, 1908) are blood parasites found in a wide range of host species, including wild rodents; however, information about the life cycle, distribution and Hepatozoon species diversity infecting these mammals are lacking. We studied the parasite stages and DNA sequences of Hepatozoon sp. of 11 naturally infected Akodon montensis. Thin blood smears, tissue samples and whole blood were obtained for morphology, morphometry and molecular analyses. Seven of the 11 rodents had gamonts on the blood smears. Biological and morphological features of the parasite such as tissue tropism, gamonts and meronts size and morphology, as well as the DNA sequence comparison and phylogenetic analysis, indicated that the Hepatozoon sp. detected in this study is distinct from those species previously reported in small rodents. Herein, we propose a new species, named Hepatozoon milleri sp. nov. This is the first description of a new Hepatozoon species from wild small rodents in Brazil, based on morphological and molecular characteristics.
INTERREGIONAL FLOWS OF CAPITAL AND INFORMATION IN SPAIN: A CASE STUDY OF THE THERESIAN CARMELITE ORDER
Authors: Milhaud Cyril 
Published: November 2018

AbstractRecently, new research has challenged the traditional narrative; Spain did not suffer from a ruler that threatened his subjects’ property with excessive taxes and forced loans. Instead, Spanish economic development was held back by decentralised and non-predatory governance, unable to solve the coordination problems blocking the way to more integrated markets. Through the analysis of the governance and loan portfolios of an ecclesiastical order, this paper examines the extent to which mortgage credit markets were fragmented in early modern Spain. This order not only collected resources that it subsequently lent but also pooled them. Indeed, it developed into a nationally integrated organisation able to offer everything from small loans to farmers to substantial amounts to the king and the Madrid elite.
The variety of women's experiences as servants in England (1548–1649): evidence from church court depositions
Authors: Mansell Charmian 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThis article demonstrates, using evidence from church court depositions, that women's experience of service in early modern England was more varied than scholarship suggests. Moving beyond its conception as a life-cycle annual occupation, the article situates service within individual life-stories. It argues firstly, that service extended across the whole of women's working lives and secondly, that employment arrangements took a wide range of forms. Service for women is shown to have been flexible, varied and contingent, employing a diversity of individuals under a variety of different employment agreements.
Exploring Park–People Conflicts in Colombia through a Social Lens
Authors: De Pourcq Kobe , Thomas Evert , Elias Marlene , Van Damme Patrick 
Published: November 2018

SummaryNatural resource-related conflicts between local communities and nation states can be extremely destructive. Worldwide, interest is growing in gaining a better understanding of why and how these conflicts originate, particularly in protected areas inhabited by local communities. The literature on local attitudes towards and perceptions of park conservation and park–people conflicts is quite extensive. Studies have examined the socioeconomic and geographical determinants of attitudes to protected areas. However, the role of such determinants in the experience of park–people conflicts has received considerably less attention. Drawing on 601 interviews with people living in or near 15 Colombian national protected areas (NPAs), we examine the socioeconomic and geographical variables that are most influential in people’s experience of conflict related to restricted access to natural resources. We find that the experience of this type of conflict is largely explained by the NPA where a person resides, pursuit of productive activities within the NPA, previous employment in NPA administration, gender and ethnicity. We recommend implementing socially inclusive conservation strategies for conflict prevention and resolution in Colombia’s NPAs, whereby both women and men from different ethnic groups are engaged in design and implementation.
From bureaucracy to management: The International Criminal Court’s internal progress narrative
Authors: Clements Richard 
Published: November 2018

AbstractWithin international institutions such as the International Criminal Court (ICC), lawyers increasingly encounter managerial practices which are designed to improve organizational efficiency and cost-effectiveness. Charting this trend, scholars have analyzed these practices with a view to make them more legitimate. However, this scholarly focus overlooks the role of managerial practices in legitimizing and thus sustaining the institutions in which they are embedded. In this article, I ask how managerial practices operate to boost the ICC’s reputation among its global audience. I find the answer in the Court’s use of the juxtaposed images of bureaucracy and management, with all their negative and positive associations. The Court uses these images to narrate a story of its own internal evolution from inefficient bureaucracy to efficient and well-managed organization. This hidden narrative of institutional progress functions rhetorically to frame, focus and distract the attention of the Court’s global constituencies.
The prevalence and audience reach of food and beverage advertising on Chilean television according to marketing tactics and nutritional quality of products
Authors: Correa Teresa , Reyes Marcela , Smith Taillie Lindsey P , Dillman Carpentier Francesca R 
Published: November 2018

AbstractObjectiveIn the light of Chile’s comprehensive new restriction on unhealthy food marketing, we analyse food advertising on Chilean television prior to the first and final phases of implementation of the restriction.DesignContent analysis of marketing strategies of 6976 advertisements, based on products’ nutritional quality. Statistical analysis of total and child audience reached using television ratings data.SettingAdvertising from television aired between 06.00 and 00.00 hours during two random composite weeks across April–May 2016 from the four broadcast and four cable channels with the largest youth audiences.ResultsFood ads represented 16 % of all advertising; 34 % of food ads featured a product high in energy, saturated fats, sugars and/or salt (HEFSS), as defined by the initial regulation. HEFSS ads were seen by more children and contained more child-directed marketing strategies than ads without HEFSS foods. If HEFSS advertising was restricted only in programmes where 20 % are children aged 4–12 years, 31 % of children’s and 8 % of the general audience’s HEFSS advertising exposure would be reduced. The newest 06.00–22.00 hours restriction captures 80 % of all audience exposure.ConclusionsHEFSS advertising was seen by a large proportion of children before Chile’s regulation. Chile’s first implementation based on audience composition should reduce a third of this exposure and its second restriction across the television day should eliminate most of the exposure. The current study is a crucial first step in evaluating how Chile’s regulation efforts will impact children’s diets and obesity prevalence.