bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Novel metrics based on Biogeochemical Argo data to improve the model uncertainty evaluation of the CMEMS Mediterranean marine ecosystem forecasts
Authors: Salon Stefano , Cossarini Gianpiero , Bolzon Giorgio , Feudale Laura , Lazzari Paolo , Teruzzi Anna , Solidoro Cosimo , Crise Alessandro 
Published: August 2019

Abstract. The quality of the upgraded version of the Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service (CMEMS) biogeochemical operational system of the Mediterranean Sea (MedBFM) is assessed in terms of consistency and forecast skill, following a mixed validation protocol that exploits different reference data from satellite, oceanographic databases, Biogeochemical Argo floats, and literature. We show that the quality of the MedBFM system has been improved in the previous 10 years. We demonstrate that a set of metrics based on the GODAE (Global Ocean Data Assimilation Experiment) paradigm can be efficiently applied to validate an operational model system for biogeochemical and ecosystem forecasts. The accuracy of the CMEMS biogeochemical products for the Mediterranean Sea can be achieved from basin-wide and seasonal scales to mesoscale and weekly scales, and its level depends on the specific variable and the availability of reference data, the latter being an important prerequisite to build robust statistics. In particular, the use of the Biogeochemical Argo floats data proved to significantly enhance the validation framework of operational biogeochemical models. New skill metrics, aimed to assess key biogeochemical processes and dynamics (e.g. deep chlorophyll maximum depth, nitracline depth), can be easily implemented to routinely monitor the quality of the products and highlight possible anomalies through the comparison of near-real-time (NRT) forecasts skill with pre-operationally defined seasonal benchmarks. Feedbacks to the observing autonomous systems in terms of quality control and deployment strategy are also
discussed.
Permafrost variability over the Northern Hemisphere based on the MERRA-2 reanalysis
Authors: Tao Jing , Koster Randal D. , Reichle Rolf H. , Forman Barton A. , Xue Yuan , Chen Richard H. , Moghaddam Mahta 
Published: August 2019

Abstract. This study introduces and evaluates a comprehensive,
model-generated dataset of Northern Hemisphere permafrost conditions at
81 km2 resolution. Surface meteorological forcing fields from the
Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications 2 (MERRA-2)
reanalysis were used to drive an improved version of the land component of
MERRA-2 in middle-to-high northern latitudes from 1980 to 2017. The
resulting simulated permafrost distribution across the Northern Hemisphere
mostly captures the observed extent of continuous and discontinuous
permafrost but misses the ecosystem-protected permafrost zones in western
Siberia. Noticeable discrepancies also appear along the southern edge of the
permafrost regions where sporadic and isolated permafrost types dominate.
The evaluation of the simulated active layer thickness (ALT) against remote
sensing retrievals and in situ measurements demonstrates reasonable skill
except in Mongolia. The RMSE (bias) of climatological ALT is 1.22 m (−0.48 m) across all sites and 0.33 m (−0.04 m) without the Mongolia sites. In
northern Alaska, both ALT retrievals from airborne remote sensing for 2015
and the corresponding simulated ALT exhibit limited skill versus in situ
measurements at the model scale. In addition, the simulated ALT has larger spatial variability than the remotely sensed ALT, although it agrees well with the retrievals when considering measurement uncertainty. Controls on
the spatial variability of ALT are examined with idealized numerical
experiments focusing on northern Alaska; meteorological forcing and soil
types are found to have dominant impacts on the spatial variability of ALT,
with vegetation also playing a role through its modulation of snow
accumulation. A correlation analysis further reveals that accumulated
above-freezing air temperature and maximum snow water equivalent explain
most of the year-to-year variability of ALT nearly everywhere over the
model-simulated permafrost regions.
Potensi wilayah terdampak keruntuhan Bendungan Matenggeng di Sungai Cijolang
Authors: Utomo Bagus Prio , Rahardjo Adam Pamudji , Legono Djoko 
Published: August 2019

<p><strong><em>Abstrak</em></strong><strong><em>. </em></strong><em>Bendungan Matenggeng yang rencana akan dibangun di Sungai Cijolang merupakan bendungan multifungsi yang memiliki banyak manfaat bagi masyarakat diantaranya untuk mengairi lahan irigasi, air baku, pengendalian banjir, pembangkit tenaga listrik, dan pariwisata. Selain memiliki banyak manfaat, pembangunan bendungan juga menyimpan potensi bahaya yang sangat tinggi. Salah satu potensi bahaya yang dapat terjadi adalah keruntuhan bendungan yang diakibatkan adanya rekahan karena limpasan air pada puncak bendungan (overtopping) ataupun rekahan karena adanya rembesan di tubuh bendung (piping). Keruntuhan Bendungan akan menimbulkan banjir bandang yang sangat besar sehingga dapat menyebabkan timbulnya korban jiwa dan kerusakan harta benda. Dengan menggunakan program HEC-RAS 5.0.3, didapatkan hasil bahwa pada skenario keruntuhan overtopping, dimensi pelimpah Bendungan Matenggeng masih mampu untuk melewatkan debit maksimum (Q<sub>PMF</sub>) sebesar 9.067 m<sup>3</sup>/s sehingga air tidak sampai melimpas ke puncak bendungan. Pada skenario keruntuhan piping, diperkirakan luas genangan mencapai 17.568 ha yang akan menggenangi 92 desa, 416 km jalan, dan 169 fasilitas umum. Lebih dari separuh luas wilayah yang tergenang masuk kategori bahaya banjir tinggi hingga ekstrim dengan lahan sawah merupakan wilayah yang paling banyak masuk dalam kategori tersebut.</em></p><p><em> <strong>Kata kunci:</strong> genangan, kategori bahaya banjir, bendungan.</em></p><p> </p>
The revised complete mitogenome sequence of the tree frogPolypedatesmegacephalus(Anura, Rhacophoridae) by next-generation sequencing and phylogenetic analysis
Authors: Huang An , Liu Shuo , Li Haijun , Luo Hongdi , Ni Qingyong , Yao Yongfang , Xu Huailiang , Zeng Bo , Li Ying , Wei Zhimin , Li Song , Zhang Mingwang 
Published: August 2019

The mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) sequence of the tree frogPolypedates megacephalus(16,473 bp) was previously reported as having the unusual characteristic of lacking the ND5 gene. In this study, a new mitogenome ofP. megacephalus(19,952 bp) was resequenced using the next-generation sequencing (NGS) and standard Sanger sequencing technologies. It was discovered that the ND5 gene was not lost but translocated to the control region (CR) from its canonical location between the ND4 and ND6 genes. In addition, a duplicated control region was found in the new mitogenome of this species. Conservative region identification of the ND5 gene and phylogenetic analysis confirmed that the ND5 gene was located between two control regions. The phylogenetic relationship among 20 related species of anura revealed a rearrangement of the ND5 gene during the evolutionary process. These results also highlighted the advantages of next-generation sequencing. It will not only decrease the time and cost of sequencing, but also will eliminate the errors in published mitogenome databases.
Downregulated expression of ARHGAP10 correlates with advanced stage and high Ki-67 index in breast cancer
Authors: Li Yujing , Zeng Beilei , Li Yunhai , Zhang Chong , Ren Guosheng 
Published: August 2019

BackgroundRho GTPase-activating protein 10 (ARHGAP10), which catalyzes the conversion of active Rho GTPase to the inactive form, is downregulated in some cancers. However, little is known about ARHGAP10 in breast cancer.MethodsThe transcriptional expression level of ARHGAP10 in breast cancer was analyzed with the data downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Oncomine, then verified by reverse-transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) in 30 pairs of breast cancer tissues and the corresponding adjacent normal tissues. ARHGAP10 protein expression was examined by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in 190 breast cancer and 30 corresponding adjacent normal breast tissue samples. The associations between ARHGAP10 expression and clinicopathological characteristics of patients were analyzed, and Kaplan–Meier Plotter was used to assess the relationship between ARHGAP10 and relapse-free survival (RFS). Different expression levels of ARHGAP10 in response to chemotherapy agents were determined by GEO2R online tool. The potential biological functions of ARHGAP10 were analyzed by Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) using data downloaded from TCGA.ResultsARHGAP10 mRNA and protein expression was lower in breast cancer tissues than in adjacent normal tissues. Low expression of ARHGAP10 was associated with advanced clinical TNM (cTNM) stage (pb = 0.001) and high Ki-67 index (p = 0.015). Low expression of ARHGAP10 indicated worse RFS (p = 0.0015) and a poor response to chemotherapy (p = 0.006). GSEA results showed that ARHGAP10 was involved in signaling pathways including protein export, nucleotide excision repair, base excision repair, focal adhesion, JAK-STAT pathway and the actin cytoskeleton.
Defining cognitive profiles of depressive patients using the Brief Assessment of Cognition in Affective Disorders
Authors: Chen Ruei-An , Lee Chun-Yi , Lee Yu , Hung Chi-Fa , Huang Yu-Chi , Lin Pao-Yen , Lee Sheng-Yu , Wang Liang-Jen 
Published: August 2019

Background
Cognitive impairments in patients with depressive disorders have a negative impact on their daily skill functioning and quality of life. In this study, we evaluated the cognitive profiles and associated factors of patients with depressive disorders with the Brief Assessment of Cognition in Affective Disorders (BAC-A).

Methods
This cross-sectional study consisted of 75 patients with depressive disorders (56 patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and 19 patients with depressive disorder NOS or dysthymic disorder (non-MDD)). We evaluated the participants’ cognitive functions at euthymic status using the BAC-A. The BAC-A includes six subtests derived from the Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia (BAC-S) and Affective Processing Tests. The current severity of depressive symptoms was assessed with the 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD-17), and we recorded any psychotropic drugs being used by the patients.

Results
We observed no differences in cognitive profiles in the MDD group and non-MDD group after adjusting for educational levels, severity of depression, and psychotropic drugs. Instead, the HAMD-17 scores were negatively correlated to cognitive performance in working memory, motor speed, verbal fluency, attention and processing speed, executive function, composite score, and the six indexes of the Affective Processing Test measured by the BAC-A. A longer illness duration was associated with worse performance of four indexes of the Affective Processing Test. Furthermore, benzodiazepine use was associated with a worse performance of verbal memory, and antidepressant use was associated with better motor speed performance.

Conclusion
The current severity of depressive symptoms and psychotropic drugs being taken, not the diagnosis category, are associated with cognitive impairments in patients with depressive disorders. Clinicians should pay particular attention to managing residual depressive symptoms and prescribing adequate psychotropic drugs in order to eliminate depressive patients’ cognitive deficits.
Indirect Doppler flow systolic blood pressure measurements taken with and without headphones in privately-owned, conscious dogs
Authors: Gill India R. , Price Joshua M. , Whittemore Jacqueline C. 
Published: August 2019

Objective
The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of headphone use and covariates on indirect radial Doppler flow systolic arterial blood pressure (BP) measurements in dogs.

Methods
Between May and August 2018, 100 privately-owned dogs were enrolled. Blood pressure was measured in lateral recumbency, with and without headphones, using a randomized crossover design. The initial BP, mean of BP 2-6, weight, BCS, MCS, anxiety score, and heart rate were recorded. Mixed effects crossover analyses and Spearman rank correlation coefficients were determined.

Results
Eighty-four dogs completed the study. Eleven dogs were removed due to excessive anxiety, 10 of which were in the non-headphone first group. The number of dogs diagnosed as hypertensive did not differ between measurement types (19 vs. 18), with seven dogs categorized as hypertensive during both periods. Significant differences in BP were identified (F[1, 80] = 4.3, P = 0.04) due to higher results for measurements taken without headphones for BP 1, but not BP 2-6. Systolic BP was positively correlated with anxiety score, age, and weight.

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance
Though BP 1 was significantly higher when taken without headphones, this pattern did not persist for BP 2-6. Lack of association between BP 2-6 results and measurement type could reflect exclusion of dogs most sensitive to white coat hypertension, acclimation to technique, or improved sound quality of headphones. Given significantly higher BP 1 results and disproportionate exclusion of dogs due to anxiety when measurements first were taken without headphones, use of headphones is recommended to improve accuracy of results.
Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachninae) Attacking Cultivated and Wild Crops in Brazil
Authors: Lana Aguiar Ronilda , Moreira Furtado Grazielle , Binda Assis Caio Henrique , Mulinário Patricia Miler , Pereira Cofler Tatiane , Mathias Holtz Anderson 
Published: August 2019

Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata was recorded on Solanum melongena L. for the first time in cultivated crops areas in Espirito Santo State, southeastern Brazil, in the first semester of 2017. In one-year research, H. vigintioctopunctata was recorded in eight host plants of the families Amaranthaceae and Solanaceae. These new records represent a high potential establishment of this pest in Brazil.
Oxalsäuredinitril [MAK value documentation in German language, 2019]
Authors: Hartwig A. ,   MAK Commission
Published: August 2019

Abstract

German Commission for the Investigation of Health Hazards of Chemical Compounds in the Work Area has re‐evaluated the maximum concentration at the workplace (MAK value) and the Pregnancy Risk Group of oxalonitrile [
460‐19‐5
].

There are no new data. The MAK value of 5 ml/m
3
was determined in analogy to the more toxic metabolite hydrogen cyanide. The MAK value for hydrogen cyanide of 1.9 ml/m
3
was derived from the human detoxification capacity per kg body weight with a respiratory volume of 10 m
3
. Therefore, the increased respiratory volume at the workplace has already been accounted for. The MAK value of oxalonitrile, which was set at 5 ml/m
3
to reflect the 2.5‐fold higher acute toxicity of hydrogen cyanide, can be retained. This is also the case for Peak Limitation Category II and the excursion factor of 2 because no irritation was observed in humans below 16 ml/m
3
.

There are no developmental toxicity studies. Therefore, oxalonitrile is assigned to Pregnancy Risk Group D.
Isobornylacrylat [MAK value documentation in German language, 2019]
Authors: Hartwig A. ,   MAK Commission
Published: August 2019

Abstract

The German Commission for the Investigation of Health Hazards of Chemical Compounds in the Work Area has evaluated isobornyl acrylate [
5888‐33‐5
] considering its skin and respiratory sensitizing potential.

There are several cases of contact sensitization in humans and the results were clearly exposure‐related. A positive result in a local lymph node assay confirms that the substance is a skin sensitizer. Data for sensitization of the airways are not available. Isobornyl acrylate is designated with “Sh”.
Exercise intensity‐dependent immunomodulatory effects on encephalomyelitis
Authors: Fainstein Nina , Tyk Reuven , Touloumi Olga , Lagoudaki Roza , Goldberg Yehuda , Agranyoni Oryan , Navon‐Venezia Shiri , Katz Abram , Grigoriadis Nikolaos , Ben‐Hur Tamir , Einstein Ofira 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundExercise training (ET) has beneficial effects on multiple sclerosis and its animal model experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). However, the intensity‐dependent effects of ET on the systemic immune system in EAE remain undefined.Objective(1) To compare the systemic immune modulatory effects of moderate versus high‐intensity ET protocols in protecting against development of EAE; (2) To investigate whether ET affects autoimmunity selectively, or causes general immunosuppression.MethodsHealthy mice performed moderate or high‐intensity treadmill running programs. Proteolipid protein (PLP)‐induced transfer EAE was utilized to examine ET effects specifically on the systemic immune system. Lymph node (LN)‐T cells from trained versus sedentary donor mice were transferred to naïve recipients and EAE severity was assessed, by clinical assessment and histopathological analysis. LN‐T cells derived from donor trained versus sedentary PLP‐immunized mice were analyzed in vitro for proliferation assays by flow cytometry analysis and cytokine and chemokine receptor gene expression using real‐time PCR. T cell‐dependent immune responses of trained versus sedentary mice to the nonautoantigen ovalbumin and susceptibility to Escherichia coli‐induced acute peritonitis were examined.ResultsHigh‐intensity training in healthy donor mice induced significantly greater inhibition than moderate‐intensity training on proliferation and generation of encephalitogenic T cells in response to PLP‐immunization, and on EAE severity upon their transfer into recipient mice. High‐intensity training also inhibited LN‐T cell proliferation in response to ovalbumin immunization. E. coli bacterial counts and dissemination were not affected by training.InterpretationHigh‐intensity training induces superior effects in preventing autoimmunity in EAE, but does not alter immune responses to E. coli infection.
All‐Dielectric Active Terahertz Photonics Driven by Bound States in the Continuum
Authors: Han Song , Cong Longqing , Srivastava Yogesh Kumar , Qiang Bo , Rybin Mikhail V. , Kumar Abhishek , Jain Ravikumar , Lim Wen Xiang , Achanta Venu Gopal , Prabhu Shriganesh S. , Wang Qi Jie , Kivshar Yuri S. , Singh Ranjan 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe remarkable emergence of all‐dielectric meta‐photonics governed by the physics of high‐index dielectric materials offers a low‐loss platform for efficient manipulation and subwavelength control of electromagnetic waves from microwaves to visible frequencies. Dielectric metasurfaces can focus electromagnetic waves, generate structured beams and vortices, enhance local fields for advanced sensing, and provide novel functionalities for classical and quantum technologies. Recent advances in meta‐photonics are associated with the exploration of exotic electromagnetic modes called the bound states in the continuum (BICs), which offer a simple interference mechanism to achieve large quality factors (Q) through excitation of supercavity modes in dielectric nanostructures and resonant metasurfaces. Here, a BIC‐driven terahertz metasurface with dynamic control of high‐Q silicon supercavities that are reconfigurable at a nanosecond timescale is experimentally demonstrated. It is revealed that such supercavities enable low‐power, optically induced terahertz switching and modulation of sharp resonances for potential applications in lasing, mode multiplexing, and biosensing.
Synergistic Effects between MXenes and Ni Chains in Flexible and Ultrathin Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Films
Authors: Wang Shi‐Jun , Li Dian‐Sen , Jiang Lei 
Published: August 2019

AbstractDeveloping high‐performance electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials has become increasingly important along with the upcoming 5G communication era and the boom of wearable devices. However, the large thickness and poor mechanical properties of most of EMI shielding materials cannot satisfy the above critical requirements. Here, flexible and ultrathin poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF)/MXene/Ni chain composite films are fabricated. Interestingly, by combining quasi‐1D Ni chains and 2D MXenes, the average EMI shielding effectiveness of the PVDF/MXene/Ni chain composite films can reach 19.3 dB with only 0.10 mm thickness, and increases to 34.4 dB with 0.36 mm thickness. Besides, the tensile strength, Young's modulus, and toughness of the PVDF/MXene/Ni chain composite films are 41.9 ± 1.6 MPa, 1.18 ± 0.007 GPa, and 2.9 ± 0.08 MJ m−3, respectively. All of which are better than when using MXenes or Ni chains alone at the same loading. It is attributed to synergistic effects induced by unique 3D network constituted by MXenes and Ni chains. Moreover, the possible synergistic mechanisms for enhanced EMI shielding and mechanical properties are discussed. This work offers a promising solution for EMI shielding challenges in modern smaller and smaller wearable devices.
Iron(III)‐Catalyzed Hydration of Unactivated Internal Alkynes in Weak Acidic Medium, under Lewis Acid‐Assisted Brønsted Acid Catalysis
Authors: Antenucci Achille , Flamini Piergiorgio , Fornaiolo Marco Valerio , Di Silvio Sergio , Mazzetti Sara , Mencarelli Paolo , Salvio Riccardo , Bassetti Mauro 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAlkylarylalkynes are converted with full regioselectivity into the corresponding arylketones by formal hydration of the triple bond under weak acidic conditions, at times and temperatures (≤95 °C) comparable to those used for terminal alkynes. The process catalyzed by Fe2(SO4)3nH2O in glacial acetic acid exhibits good functional group compatibility, including that with bulky triple bond substituents, and can be extended to the one‐pot transformation of aryltrimethylsilylacetylenes into acetyl derivatives via a desilylation‐hydration sequence. The overall reactivity pattern along with proton affinity data indicate that the triple bond is activated by proton transfer rather than by π‐interaction with the metal ion. This mechanistic feature, at variance with that of noble metal catalysts, accounts for the total regioselectivity and the insensitivity to steric hindrance exhibited by the Fe2(SO4)3nH2O/AcOH catalytic system.magnified image
Field‐Effect Transistors Based on 2D Organic Semiconductors Developed by a Hybrid Deposition Method
Authors: Zhou Zhiwen , Wu Qisheng , Wang Sijia , Huang Yu‐Ting , Guo Hua , Feng Shien‐Ping , Chan Paddy Kwok Leung 
Published: August 2019

AbstractSolution‐processed 2D organic semiconductors (OSCs) have drawn considerable attention because of their novel applications from flexible optoelectronics to biosensors. However, obtaining well‐oriented sheets of 2D organic materials with low defect density still poses a challenge. Here, a highly crystallized 2,9‐didecyldinaphtho[2,3‐b:2′,3′‐f]thieno[3,2‐b]thiophene (C10‐DNTT) monolayer crystal with large‐area uniformity is obtained by an ultraslow shearing (USS) method and its growth pattern shows a kinetic Wulff's construction supported by theoretical calculations of surface energies. The resulting seamless and highly crystalline monolayers are then used as templates for thermally depositing another C10‐DNTT ultrathin top‐up film. The organic thin films deposited by this hybrid approach show an interesting coherence structure with a copied molecular orientation of the templating crystal. The organic field‐effect transistors developed by these hybrid C10‐DNTT films exhibit improved carrier mobility of 14.7 cm2 V−1 s−1 as compared with 7.3 cm2 V−1 s−1 achieved by pure thermal evaporation (100% improvement) and 2.8 cm2 V−1 s−1 achieved by solution sheared monolayer C10‐DNTT. This work establishes a simple yet effective approach for fabricating high‐performance and low‐cost electronics on a large scale.