bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neurotologic Complications Following Microvascular Decompression: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Bartindale Matthew , Mohamed Ayah , Bell Jason , Kircher Matthew , Hill Jacqueline , Anderson Douglas , Leonetti John 
Published: February 2019

Objective The main purpose of this article is to determine the frequency of neurotologic complications after posterior fossa microvascular decompression (MVD) surgery.
Design Retrospective case review.
Setting Tertiary care referral center.
Participants A total of 215 consecutive MVD operations by a single surgeon between March 1996 and May 2016 were reviewed with 192 surgeries on 183 patients meeting inclusion criteria.
Main Outcome Measures Neurotologic complications secondary to MVD.
Results The 52 males and 131 females had a mean age of 58.52 years (range, 28–92 years). Indications for MVD were trigeminal neuralgia (n = 162), hemifacial spasm (n = 23), glossopharyngeal neuralgia (n = 13), vagal palsy (n = 1), and tinnitus (n = 1). The outcomes examined were postoperative hearing loss, tinnitus, vertigo, and hemifacial paresis. At least one of these complications was present in 17.7% of patients. There were 4.17% with permanent hearing loss, 6.77% with transient hearing loss, 5.21% with tinnitus, 5.73% with vertigo, and 0.52% with hemifacial paresis. There was no significant difference in complication rates based on surgical indication.
Conclusions Neurotologic complications are a significant risk when performing MVD. It is important for otolaryngologists as well as neurosurgeons to be aware of such complications. We recommend perioperative audiometry in all patients undergoing MVD and believe there is utility in routine otolaryngologist involvement.
Bony Fixation of the Nasal Framework
Authors: Hacker Stefan , Mann Steven , Gubisch Wolfgang , Haack Sebastian 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe importance of a straight and stable central framework is beyond dispute. Many authors allude to technical aspects how to achieve the above-mentioned requirements. Far less is said about the contact zones of the framework and how to achieve a long-lasting and solid fixation. In the authors' patient group, they found the need to work on the septum/the central framework in approximately 84% of the cases. In 61% of the patients, the authors had to operate on the fixation point. Of course, there is a great variety of anatomical findings. So the required techniques differ immensely. The surgeon must be prepared for all kinds of different situations. Especially the dorsal fixation and the anchoring on the maxilla without having a standard anterior nasal spine can be a great challenge. In their daily routine, suture techniques (e.g., the transcutaneous transosseous cerclage suture) have become the authors' working horse for these complex fixation situations.
The Posterolateral Corner-Locked Technique Is Applicable in a Chinese Population Regarding the Tibial Component Rotation Alignment in Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Fang Chao-Hua , Cheng Cheng-Kung , Qu Tie-Bing , Zhang Jun-Hui , Zhang Bo , Hua Qun , Yan Shi-Gui 
Published: February 2019

AbstractRotational malalignment between the femoral and tibial components in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) can affect clinical outcomes, but there is no consensus on how to best determine tibia tray orientation. The posterolateral corner-locked (PLCL) technique may be a new method. This study aims to assess the applicability of this technique in a Chinese population. Forty normal Chinese volunteers were recruited and underwent computed tomography (CT) of the lower limbs. Knee model reconstructions and simulated standard tibial osteotomy were conducted digitally. The transepicondylar axis (TEA), the Akagi line, and the line connecting the medial third of the tibial tubercle with the midpoint of the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) were projected to the tibial cross-section and marked. The PLCL technique was applied using either symmetrical or asymmetrical tibial tray templates, and the anteroposterior (AP) axis of the tibial tray was marked. The angles between the TEA and these lines were calculated, and the statistical differences were analyzed. The angle between the TEA and the Akagi line and between the TEA and the line connecting the medial third of the tibial tubercle with the midpoint of the PCL were 96.90 ± 5.57 and 107.31 ± 5.95 degrees, respectively. The angles between the TEA and the AP axis of the symmetrical and the asymmetrical design tibial trays were 94.01 ± 4.21 and 96.65 ± 4.70 degrees, respectively. Except for the Akagi line and AP axis of the asymmetrical tibial tray, statistical differences were found between all lines (p < 0.05). The PLCL technique is principally suitable for Chinese patients requiring TKA when using the tibial component referred to in this study, although it may result in slight external rotation.
Impact of abrupt sea ice loss on Greenland water isotopes during the last glacial period
Authors: Sime Louise C. , Hopcroft Peter O. , Rhodes Rachael H. 
Published: February 2019

SignificanceThe Dansgaard–Oeschger events contained in Greenland ice cores constitute the archetypal record of abrupt climate change. An accurate understanding of these events hinges on interpretation of Greenland records of oxygen and nitrogen isotopes. We present here the important results from a suite of modeled Dansgaard–Oeschger events. These simulations show that the change in oxygen isotope per degree of warming becomes smaller during larger events. Abrupt reductions in sea ice also emerge as a strong control on ice core oxygen isotopes because of the influence on both the moisture source and the regional temperature increase. This work confirms the significance of sea ice for past abrupt warming events.
Atomic-level characterization of protein–protein association
Authors: Pan Albert C. , Jacobson Daniel , Yatsenko Konstantin , Sritharan Duluxan , Weinreich Thomas M. , Shaw David E. 
Published: February 2019

Significance
Most proteins associate with other proteins to function, forming complexes that are central to almost all physiological processes. Determining the structures of these complexes and understanding how they associate are problems of fundamental importance. Using long-timescale molecular dynamics simulations, some performed using a new enhanced sampling method, we observed spontaneous association and dissociation of five protein–protein systems to and from their experimentally determined native complexes. By analyzing the simulations of these five systems, which include members of diverse structural and functional classes, we are able to draw general mechanistic conclusions about protein association.
Is “to fish in a river” equivalent to “to fish a river”?
Authors: Condamines Anne 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Using the example of the alternation [to fish (det) river(s)]/[to fish prep (det) river(s)/], this paper adopts a corpus
linguistics approach in order to show how it can contribute to studies in cognitive semantics, combining statistics with a more
qualitative analysis. The main aim is to investigate whether these two constructions (with or without a preposition) correspond to
a single meaning with alternations or to two distinct meanings. Two studies, both using the Web as corpus, were carried out to
elucidate this issue. The first study compared occurrences of the two constructions on French and English websites and showed
that, statistically speaking, the construction without a preposition occurs mainly in angling websites that have an emotional
dimension, such as blogs. The second study, focusing solely on English websites, examined the lexical environment of the two
constructions and identified certain distinct semantic classes for each construction, defining two semantic scenarios. These two
semantic scenarios were found to correlate closely with the nature of the website. In light of the corpus evidence, the paper
concludes in favor of two meanings, each concerned by one or the other construction (with or without a preposition). The role of
the emotional dimension in the relationship between the angler and the river is crucial in determining the presence or absence of
a preposition before river. Such a conclusion positions this study firmly in the perspective of cognitive
sociolinguistics.
Ni–Cr–Al Alloy for neutron scattering at high pressures
Authors: Cheng Yao , Brenk Janik , Friedrich Bernd , Perßon Jörg , Maraytta Nour , Gibson James S. K.-L. , Korte-Kerzel Sandra , Roth Georg , Su Yixi , Zhu Fengfeng , Paulmann Carsten , Grzechnik Andrzej 
Published: February 2019

High-pressure devices used in neutron scattering require materials with high strength, low neutron attenuation, and no activation. They should also be non-magnetic. Only very few materials fulfil these criteria. Here, it is reported on the manufacture and properties of the Ni–Cr–Al alloy (57.0 wt-% Ni, 40.0 wt-% Cr, and 3.0 wt-% Al). The casting and heat treatment to obtain the material with the optimal yield strength are described in detail. Synchrotron powder diffraction reveals that phases of the Ni2Cr, Cr, and Ni3Al types are present. Aging has no significant effect on their lattice parameters and volume fractions. The alloy has no magnetic order down to at least 1.9 K as evidenced by magnetic measurements and diffraction with polarised neutrons. This paper is part of a Thematic Issue on The Crystallographic Aspects of Metallic Alloys.
The Impact of Raising the Bar for Clinical Trials in Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: Sands Bruce E , Cheifetz Adam S , Nduaka Chudy I , Quirk Daniel , Wang Wenjin , Maller Eric , Friedman Gary S , Su Chinyu , Higgins Peter D R 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
In order to identify the practical implications for both health care practitioners and patients in understanding differences between the results of trials assessing therapies for ulcerative colitis [UC], we reviewed clinical trials of therapies for moderate to severe UC, with a focus on trial design. Over time, patient populations in UC trials have become more refractory, reflecting that patients are failing treatment with additional and different classes of drug, including conventional therapies, immunosuppressant drugs, and anti-tumour necrosis factor therapies. Outcomes used to measure efficacy have become increasingly stringent in order to meet the expectations of patients and physicians, and the requirements of regulatory bodies. Trial design has also evolved to integrate induction and maintenance therapy phases, so as to facilitate patient recruitment and to answer clinically important questions such as how efficacious therapies are in specific subpopulations of patients and during long-term use. As UC clinical trial design continues to evolve, and with limited head-to-head trials and real-world comparative effectiveness studies evaluating UC therapies, careful judgment is required to appreciate the differences and similarities in trial designs, and to understand how these variances may affect the observed efficacy and safety outcomes.
Differential astrometric framework for the Jupiter relativistic experiment with Gaia
Authors: Abbas Ummi , Bucciarelli Beatrice , Lattanzi Mario G 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
We employ differential astrometric methods to establish a small field reference frame stable at the microarcsecond (μas) level on short time-scales using high-cadence simulated observations taken by Gaia in 2017 February of a bright star close to the limb of Jupiter, as part of the relativistic experiment on Jupiter’s quadrupole. We achieve subμas-level precision along scan through a suitable transformation of the field angles into a small-field tangent plane and a least-squares fit over several overlapping frames for estimating the plate and geometric calibration parameters with tens of reference stars that lie within ∼0.5 deg from the target star, assuming perfect knowledge of stellar proper motions and parallaxes. Furthermore, we study the effects of unmodelled astrometric parameters on the residuals and find that proper motions have a stronger effect than unmodelled parallaxes, e.g. unmodelled Gaia DR2 proper motions introduce extra residuals of ∼23 μas (AL) and 69 μas (AC) versus the ∼5 μas (AL) and 17 μas (AC) due to unmodelled parallaxes. On the other hand, assuming catalogue errors in the proper motions and parallaxes such as those from Gaia DR2 has a minimal impact on the stability introducing subμas and μas level residuals in the along and across scanning direction, respectively. Finally, the effect of a coarse knowledge in the satellite velocity components (with time-dependent errors of 10 μas s−1) is capable of enlarging the size of the residuals to roughly 0.2 mas.
Modeling the oxidative consumption of curcumin from controlled released poly(beta-amino ester) microparticles in the presence of a free radical generating system
Authors: Jordan Carolyn T , Hilt J Zach , Dziubla Thomas D 
Published: February 2019

AbstractDespite the promise of its therapeutic benefits, curcumin as a free molecule has failed to demonstrate significant clinical success. Arguably, its inherently poor stability and rapid clearance is a significant reason for these negative outcomes. The incorporation of curcumin into the backbone of a crosslinked hydrogel that utilizes poly(beta-amino ester) (PBAE) chemistry can provide a tunable protective network with the ability to release at a controlled rate while improving its therapeutic potential. Kinetics of curcumin conjugated PBAE microparticles controlled release delivery system in the presence of oxidative environments was studied for the first time, where consumption rates of active curcumin and release products were obtained. The constituent amount of curcumin present in solution was improved by incorporating the active into the network in comparison to curcumin as a free drug. Modeling curcumin conjugated PBAE microparticles will provide a design platform to improve translation and overall success in delivering a therapeutic agent that matches levels of oxidative stress.
The Bright Side of Fire Sales
Authors: Meier Jean-Marie , Servaes Henri 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Firms that buy assets in fire sales earn excess returns that are 2 percentage points higher than in regular acquisitions. The mechanism behind this result is the sellers’ reduced bargaining power. We find no difference in real effects or in the combined returns for buyers and sellers between fire sales and regular acquisitions, suggesting that the quality of the match is similar in both types of transactions. The externalities of fire sales for other stakeholders are limited. These results indicate that the welfare losses associated with fire sales are smaller than previously thought.
Received December 17, 2015; editorial decision November 20, 2018 by Editor Itay Goldstein.
A Critical Appraisal of the Placement of Xiphosura (Chelicerata) with Account of Known Sources of Phylogenetic Error
Authors: Ballesteros Jesús A , Sharma Prashant P 
Published: February 2019

AbstractHorseshoe crabs (Xiphosura) are traditionally regarded as sister group to the clade of terrestrial chelicerates (Arachnida). This hypothesis has been challenged by recent phylogenomic analyses, but the non-monophyly of Arachnida has consistently been disregarded as artifactual. We re-evaluated the placement of Xiphosura among chelicerates using the most complete phylogenetic data set to date, expanding outgroup sampling, and including data from whole genome sequencing projects. In spite of uncertainty in the placement of some arachnid clades, all analyses show Xiphosura consistently nested within Arachnida as the sister group to Ricinulei (hooded tick spiders). It is apparent that the radiation of arachnids is an old one and occurred over a brief period of time, resulting in several consecutive short internodes, and thus is a potential case for the confounding effects of incomplete lineage sorting (ILS). We simulated coalescent gene trees to explore the effects of increasing levels of ILS on the placement of horseshoe crabs. In addition, common sources of systematic error were evaluated, as well as the effects of fast-evolving partitions and the dynamics of problematic long branch orders. Our results indicated that the placement of horseshoe crabs cannot be explained by missing data, compositional biases, saturation, or ILS. Interrogation of the phylogenetic signal showed that the majority of loci favor the derived placement of Xiphosura over a monophyletic Arachnida. Our analyses support the inference that horseshoe crabs represent a group of aquatic arachnids, comparable to aquatic mites, breaking a long-standing paradigm in chelicerate evolution and altering previous interpretations of the ancestral transition to the terrestrial habitat. Future studies testing chelicerate relationships should approach the task with a sampling strategy where the monophyly of Arachnida is not held as the premise.
The American Society of Anesthesiologists Practice Parameter Methodology
Authors: Apfelbaum Jeffrey L. , Connis Richard T. 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
The methodology used during the development of American Society of Anesthesiologists evidence-based practice parameters, from conceptualization through final adoption of the documents, is described. Features of the methodology include the literature search, review and analysis, survey development and application, and consolidation of the full body of evidence used for preparing clinical practice recommendations. Anticipated risks of bias, validation of the process, and the importance of the documents for clinical use are discussed.
Application of Vancomycin Powder to Reduce Surgical Infection and Deep Surgical Infection in Spinal Surgery
Authors: He Xiaoqi , Sun Tianwei , Wang Jizhou , Li Guang , Fei Qiaoman 
Published: February 2019

Study Design:
This was a meta-analysis study.

Objective:
Our meta-analysis study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of vancomycin powder to reduce the surgical site infection (SSI) in spinal surgery.

Summary of Background Data:
The SSI is a potential and devastating complication after spinal surgery. Local application of vancomycin powder is an attractive adjunctive therapy to reduce SSI in spinal surgery.

Methods:
Studies were identified from PubMed, The Cochrane Library, AMED, Web of Science, Scopus, Ovid, EMBASE, and Ebsco Medline. The fixed-effects model was used to compute the merge of relative risk and 95% confidence interval (CI). Heterogeneity tests were checked by I
2 statistics. Subgroup analysis was performed to determine whether vancomycin powder was beneficial, that could reduce the SSI in spinal surgery, or not. Publication bias was explored by funnel plot.

Results:
We included 21 studies for final analysis. In our analysis, application of vancomycin powder was associated with a significantly reduced risk of SSI and deep SSI. Pooled relative risks showed significant changes: SSI, 0.36 (95% CI: 0.27–0.47, P=0.000), SSI in the instrumented group, 0.35 (95% CI: 0.25–0.49, P=0.000), SSI in the noninstrumented group, 0.39 (95% CI: 0.24–0.65, P=0.000), deep SSI, 0.28 (95% CI: 0.18–0.44, P=0.000), and the incidence pseudoarthrosis, 0.88 (95% CI: 0.35–2.21, P=0.784). In the subgroup analysis, vancomycin powder showed beneficial effects to SSI in the instrumented group. Pooled the heterogeneity: SSI (P=0.124, I
2=30.0%), SSI in the instrumented group (P=0.366, I
2=8.2%), SSI in the noninstrumented group (P=0.039, I
2=60.5%), deep SSI (P=0.107, I
2=33.5%).

Conclusions:
The application of vancomycin powder could decrease the SSI and deep SSI in spinal surgery. In the subgroup, vancomycin powder is beneficial to the SSI in the instrumented group. The available evidence is too limited to make the conclusion that the use of vancomycin powder causes pseudoarthrosis in spinal surgery, its extrapolation should be carefully executed.
Randomized, Controlled, Multicentered, Double-Blind Investigation of Injectable Poly-l-Lactic Acid for Improving Skin Quality
Authors: Bohnert Krista , Dorizas Andrew , Lorenc Paul , Sadick Neil S. 
Published: February 2019

BACKGROUND
Poly-l-lactic acid (PLLA) is an injectable filler used for restoring facial fat volume loss.

OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the effect of repeated PLLA injections on skin quality.

METHODS
Forty healthy women were enrolled in this randomized, controlled, double-blind, multicenter study. Eligible subjects received 3 treatments every 4 weeks with either PLLA (treatment group) or saline (control group) injections, into both sides of the face. Follow-up visits were at 6, 9, and 12 after the last treatment. Assessments included biophysical measuring instruments, live ratings, patient questionnaires, and rating of standardized pictures by a blinded evaluator.

RESULTS
At the 12-month follow-up, there was a statistically significant increase of skin elasticity and hydration in PLLA-treated subjects and a decrease in transepidermal water loss in both groups. Pigmentation, erythema, and pore size were significantly decreased, whereas radiance and smoothness were significantly increased at 12 months per blinded investigator rating in this group. No treatment-related adverse events occurred.

CONCLUSION
Repeated PLLA treatments may improve skin quality in a time-dependent manner.
Associations of prenatal exposure to polybrominated diphenyl ethers and polychlorinated biphenyls with long-term gut microbiome structure: a pilot study
Authors: Laue Hannah E. , Brennan Kasey J. M. , Gillet Virginie , Abdelouahab Nadia , Coull Brent A. , Weisskopf Marc G. , Burris Heather H. , Zhang Wei , Takser Larissa , Baccarelli Andrea A. 
Published: February 2019

Background:
The gut microbiome is influenced by early-life exposures, but—despite potentially enormous implications for child health—is understudied in environmental epidemiology. This pilot study is one of the first to explore in utero exposures and long-term gut microbiome profiles. We examined the association between exposure to polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) during pregnancy and the mid-childhood gut microbiome.

Methods:
We measured levels of PBDE-47, PBDE-99, PBDE-100, and PBDE-153 and PCB-138, PCB-153, and PCB-180 in maternal plasma during early pregnancy (n = 18) and at delivery (n = 25) in women of European descent who breastfed the child participant of the Gestation and Environment cohort in Sherbrooke, Québec (recruited 2007–2009). Bacteria in the mid-childhood (6–8 years) fecal microbiome were detected with 16S rRNA sequencing. To test for differences at the taxon level, we used the Microbiome Comprehensive Association Mapping algorithm.

Results:
Early pregnancy PCB-153, PCB-180, and the sum of PCBs (Σ3PCB) concentrations were associated with a higher relative abundance of Propionibacteriales and Propionibacteriaceae in mid-childhood. Higher PCB-180 and Σ3PCB were associated with higher relative abundance of Bacillales Family XI. Higher PBDE-99 exposure was associated with a decrease in uncultured bacteria within the Ruminococcaceae NK4A214 group and PBDE-47 was associated with differences in Ruminococcus 2. These taxon-level changes did not result in differences within- or between-subject diversity. Exposures at delivery were not associated with differences in taxa.

Conclusions:
Prenatal exposure to PCBs and PBDEs is associated with mid-childhood gut microbiome profiles. Larger studies are needed to confirm these results and explore health implications.