bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Семья, социальные установки и асоциальное поведение детей и подростков
Authors: Реан Артур Александрович 
Published: May 2018

This article examines problems of the interrelation of social attitudes and anti-social behavior of children and teenagers. The author analyzes the problem of the interrelation of attitudes and social behavior in connection with factors such as strength/weakness, clearness/ambivalence of an attitude, and also the influence of the factor of a situation. Results of empirical studies of value orientations, moral-psychological attitudes of youth in samples of senior pupils and students are considered. A family is considered as a factor which forms both social attitudes and anti-social behavior. The author analyses modern approaches and results of empirical studies of the conditionsunder which social attitudes of personality directly influence anti-social behavior and also when they do not influence. Problems of the influence of the structural and psychological deformation of a family on the anti-social behavior of children and teenagers are discussed. The author emphasizes that when determining anti-social behavior of minors the priority belongs to the psychosocial deformation of a family.The author demonstrates styles of parenting and conditions which directly influence the formation of aggressive behavior. It is noted that insufficient attention to a child is a more important factor of delinquency, than the unfavorable socio-economic status. The author analyzes results of empirical studies from which it follows that notonly negative social learning, but also frustration arising from the lack of parental love are important condition of the development of deviant behavior. It is shown that mother is in the center of the system of relations of children and teenagers. It is established that decrease in a positive attitude towards mother, increase in negative descriptors when describing mother correlates with the general growth of negativizationof all the social relations of the person. The author emphasizes that theparent-child relationship which is characterized by inconsistency, as well as a high conflictness, contribute most significantly to the child’s learning of aggression as a way of interpersonal conflicts resolution.
Ассоциативно-смысловая определенность откликов на словесные стимулы секулярного и религиозного значения
Authors: Акопов Гарник Владимирович , Ихсанова Светлана Геннадьевна , Рулина Татьяна Константиновна 
Published: May 2018

This paper deals with the problem of religious consciousness in modern Russia. Religious consciousness is understood as unit of categories reflecting system of religious and ecclesiastical traditions. To study used associative experiment, which allows you to identify the semantic links between the studied categories and based on them to build a semantic field. The study used the classical scheme of the association experiment, based on the presentation of pre-selected words stimuli causing verbal reactions of the subjects. The thematic content of the stimulus series allowed us to obtain verbal responses expressing semantic and emotional attitude of study participants to concepts such as “faith”, “mercy”, “contemplation”, “act” and others. Such stimulation affected the deepest layers of the national consciousness of Russians. The empirical part of the work is two pieces of large-scale study of consciousness, performed at the Faculty of Psychology of the Volga State Academy of Socio-Humanitarian. One shows the associative structure of the religious consciousness of older rural residents with deep religious roots. In another – semantic field of concepts “contemplation”, “act”, “communication”, obtained on a sample of students. Comparative analysis of the results allows coming to consistent conclusions about the mechanisms of change semantic fields. One such mechanism is the hyper-event – a significant fact of reality that affects the awareness of related categories.The article raised the question of interpenetration phenomena of religious consciousness and contemplation. The results obtained, as well as their qualitative and quantitative analysis suggests that the mind of modern man does not bind directly to religious categories and categories of phenomenological contemplation. This fact indicates the nature of the non-religious contemplation and meditation allows usto consider a category as an independent scientific unit.
Угроза жизни как предиктор выбора копинг-стратегий, уровня приверженности лечению и качества жизни у взрослых пациентов с муковисцидозом
Authors: Абросимов Илья Николаевич 
Published: May 2018

This work is devoted to studying of psychological aspects of cystic fibrosis, severe chronic genetic disease with a high probability of lethal outcome, consisting in a violation of functioning of all exocrine glands of the body and the development of concomitant obstructive and inflammatory processes. Actuality and novelty of the study caused by the absence at the moment in the Russian literature of datadescribing the psychological aspects of this disease in adulthood. At the same time cystic fibrosis despite the medical advances remains a incurable and one of the most common among of hereditary diseases and its optimal treatment require psychological support and rehabilitation of patients taking into account the their nosologicalfeatures. All sample of adult patients with cystic fibrosis (n = 86) was divided into two subgroups in terms of the severity of the perception of the disease as threats to life and health. Group 1 (n = 46) – patients with cystic fibrosis who perceive their disease as a moderate threat to life and health; group 2 (n = 40) – patients with cystic fibrosis who perceive their illness as an expression of a threat to life and health. In selected subgroups were compared indicators choice of coping strategies,the level of adherence to treatment and quality of life. It was established that in the group patients perceive of cystic fibrosis as a high threat the studied parameters indicate to less adaptation to the disease, than in the group patients perceive of cystic fibrosis as a moderate threat to life and health. Thus, the perception of cysticfibrosis as a threat to life and health is an important factor to be considered in the development of psychological support, implementation of the tasks of socialization and of general therapeutic management of these patients in adulthood.
Психосоматическая характеристика женщин репродуктивного возраста, больных туберкулезом органов дыхания
Authors: Русановская Галина Фёдоровна , Камаев Игорь Александрович , Шпрыков Александр Сергеевич 
Published: May 2018

Psychosomatic status assessment was conducted among 175 women of reproductive age. The main group consisted of 93 women aged 18–44 years, patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis who were treated in one of the TB facilities in Nizhny Novgorod region in 2013, and the comparative group consisted of 82 healthy women of the same age. Testing by the method of “НАМ” (health, activity, mood)was conducted to assess the psycho-emotional state, with the purpose of assessment of personality characteristics – testing by the method of “self-identity” (O. I. Motkov) and to assess interpersonal relationships we used testing by Leary method. It is proved that the pulmonary tuberculosis disease in the patients of this category hasa significant negative impact on their emotional state, causing poor health (the lowest evaluated), low activity, bad mood. Weariness growth was observed among the women during their treatment. The total self-identity of the study group of women is average, indicating its adequacy, but the value of the index is borderline with lowself-esteem. Personal characteristics are the presence of women disobedient unbalanced nature of inharmonious with the lack of a sense of proportion in the desires and behavior. Such qualities of human nature as kindness, sincerity, truthfulness,compassion, independence, sociability, optimism, confidence, vitality, creativity (the lowest evaluated) are inherent to them in the least degree. Women’s behavior is adaptive and this indicates the harmony of their personality. The main types of interpersonal relationships of women with TB are, on the one hand, the “friendly”and “altruistic”, on the other hand – “dependent”. Therefore it is necessary to develop arrangements for psychological care of women of reproductive age – patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis and new approaches in the prevention of this disease, based on established psychological risk factors for tuberculosis process and its recurrence.
Особенности самоотношения и самоэффективности личности как предикторы ее образов Врага
Authors: Альперович Валерия Дмитриевна 
Published: May 2018

Problеm of influence of the personal self-relation on pеrsonal representations about an Othеr is touchеd by us in this article. Resеarch goal was to discovеry the interconnectionsbetween pеrsonal representations about an Enemy and charactеristics of the sеlf-relation and of the self-efficacy. Psychosocial charactеristics of the pеrsonal representations about an Enemy, features of the personal self-relation and levеls of the self-efficacy were the research subject. We appliеd qualitative and quantitative methods (tests, scalеs, frequencies, category analysis, cluster analysis). The rеsults ofthe study provе that: respondents, perceiving the Enеmy as aggressor, manipulator with nеgative qualities, demonstrate the low levеls of the self-efficacy, of the sеlfintеrest, of the self-sympathy, of the self-esteem, of the waiting of the Othеrs’ positive relation; rеspondents, perceiving the Enemy as the subjеct with alien cognitions and values, dеmonstrate the upper levеls of the self-efficacy, of the sеlf-interest, of theself-sympathy, of the self-estеem, of the waiting of the Others’ positive rеlation. Data supportеd the hypothesis about the distinctions of pеrsonal representations about an Enеmy depending upon charactеristics of the sеlf-relation and of the self-efficacy.The results can be applied to the psychosocial consultation, to the programs of the tolerance’ trainings in the antiterrorist activity, to the programs of the conflict solutions’ trainings in different spheres of interaction.
Эмоционально-волевая готовность к полисубъектному взаимодействию бакалавров физической культуры
Authors: Tokareva Ksenia E. , Makeeva Vera S. , Yamaletdinova Galina А. 
Published: May 2018

Introduction. Emotional and volitional readiness for polysubject interaction among the participants of health-improving workouts involves multilateral value relations based on the potential, needs, and characteristics of each other. The spontaneity of the process along with high physical loading and emotional intensity of interaction require solving the problems of each client. The article puts forward the idea that conscious regulation of muscle tone and self-regulation techniques ensure the development of a bachelor’s volitional qualities. However, little attention has been devoted to the solution of this problem at the stage of university training of physical education students. This impedes the development of a psychologically stable personality and improvement of professional readiness.
Methods. These were the technique for Assessing External Manifestations of Emotions developed by V. L. Marishchuk; General Communicative Tolerance questionnaire developed by V. V. Boiko; Will Power questionnaire developed by R. S. Nemov.
Result. Both groups were characterized by high and low levels of emotional and volitional readiness at the initial stage of the study. At the end of the experiment, 57 % of respondents in the control group had an average level of emotional and volitional readiness; 43 % of respondents had a high level of emotional and volitional readiness. These proportions were 37 % and 63 % for the experimental group.
Discussion. Age-specific characteristics of self-concept determine emotional stability through a sequential formation of self-esteem. Individual and collective forms of interaction, mutual assistance and support, free choice of individual tasks determine the effectiveness of emotional stability. The techniques of yoga, callanetics, and pilates, which are focused on holding certain static poses, lead to mental stress and activate emotional and volitional efforts.
Развитие мотивации и смысловой сферы студентов посредством самоактуализации на занятиях по английскому языку
Authors: Zhdanko Anna P. 
Published: May 2018

Introduction. Studying students’ meaning sphere and also its development is important for increasing their motivation. This paper presents new data on the relationship between motivation and self-actualization. The study develops and validates a didactic model for increasing students’ motivation and developing their meaning sphere by means of self-actualization during English class.
Methods. The study employed the questionnaire of Motives of Educational Activity by A. A. Rean and V. A. Yakunin; the Personal Self-actualization questionnaire by N. F. Kalina. The analysis of the Pearson correlation coefficient, arithmetic mean, and mean square deviation was conducted for processing of the results. The study involved 78 first- and second-year students (50 boys and 18 girls) from Rostov State Transport University.
Results. The study revealed the coefficients of self-actualization and motivational sphere. The findings confirmed the validity of the developed didactic model for increasing students’ motivation and developing their meaning sphere through self-actualization by means of meaning-making techniques applied during English class. The developed didactic model proved to be an integral system.
Discussion. Performing creative tasks and applying meaning-making techniques during English class, taking into account students’ culture- and age-specific features, help to increase their self-actualization (creativity, autonomy, communication flexibility, etc.). These, in turn, increase the level of motivation.
Conclusion. Students’ motivation and self-actualization have a strong positive correlation (r = 0,98).
Связь способов поведения в конфликте с типами защитного и совладающего поведения юношей и девушек
Authors: Borisova Irina V. , Khadykina Yuliya N. 
Published: May 2018

Introduction. The present paper overviews domestic and foreign studies on conflicts, psychological defense mechanisms, and coping strategies. The novelty of the research lies in studying the relationships among the strategies of behavior in conflicts, coping strategies, and psychological defense mechanisms among adolescent boys and girls.
Materials and Methods. These were the Life Style Index questionnaire (R. Plutchik); the Ways of Coping Questionnaire (WCQ) (R. Lazarus); The Thomas–Kilmann Conflict Mode Instrument (TKI). The study involved 23 boys and 16 girls, tenth and eleventh grade secondary school students in Lyubokhna, Bryansk region.
Results. The study revealed a statistically significant difference in coping strategies and psychological defense mechanisms in difficult or stressful situations among adolescent boys and girls. The strategy of cooperation in conflict situations had a direct relationship with accepting responsibility and seeking social support in the group of adolescent boys. The strategy of cooperation in conflict situations had an inverse relationship with confrontational coping and self-controlling in the group of adolescent girls.
Discussion. Adolescent boys and girls differ in how their strategies of behavior in conflicts are associated with coping strategies and defense mechanisms. The findings are useful for providing psychological assistance to adolescent boys and girls.
Взаимосвязь профессионально важных качеств и успешности профессиональной деятельности у специалистов Государственной инспекции по маломерным судам МЧС России
Authors: Shoigu Julia S. , Tarasova Anastasia А. 
Published: May 2018

Introduction. This paper continues a previous study on professionally important qualities of inspectors in the State Small Vessels Inspectorate (SSVI) of EMERCOM of Russia. Professionally important qualities contribute to professional achievement among inspectors in the SSVI of EMERCOM of Russia. This is a prerequisite for a unitary methodological approach to the selection of a candidate for a position of an inspector in the SSVI of EMERCOM of Russia. The aim of the study is to determine the relationships among professionally important qualities of inspectors in the SSVI of EMERCOM of Russia and professional achievement among the surveyed specialists.
Methods. An expert survey and statistical treatment of data helped to measure professional achievement. The survey revealed assessments of professional achievement for each participant. An integral expert assessment was an external criterion for professional achievement among inspectors in the SSVI of EMERCOM of Russia.
Results. The results indicated that professionally important qualities of inspectors in the SSVI of EMERCOM of Russia determined their professional achievement. At the same time the whole complex of professionally important qualities promoted more effective performance of professional activities.
Discussion. The previously revealed professionally important qualities can predict professional achievement among inspectors in the SSVI of EMERCOM of Russia. The findings can be readily used in professional psychological selection for the position of an inspector in the SSVI of EMERCOM of Russia in order to reduce negative psychological consequences, psychosomatic and other diseases associated with professional activities.
Тенденции и варианты этнической социализации подростков
Authors: Dagbaeva Soelma B. 
Published: May 2018

Introduction. Adolescents’ ethnic socialization is a topical issue in modern socio-cultural conditions. Ethnic socialization determines the type of ethnic identity, value orientations and tolerance. The present study deals with characteristics of adolescents’ ethnic socialization and reveals its types. The paper presents an innovative view of ethnic socialization types, which may be grouped as follows: (a) successful type, (b) incomplete type and (c) ethnic desocialization.
Methods. The study employed the following techniques (a) the Tolerance Index express questionnaire by G. U. Soldatova et al.; (b) Bogardus Social Distance Scale; (c) Types of Ethnic Identity technique by G. U. Soldatova and S. V. Ryzhova; (d) Relationships Diagnostic Test by G. U. Soldatova; (e) The Portrait Values Questionnaire by Schwartz et al. The Mann–Whitney U test was a method for mathematical and statistical data processing. The study involved 250 school students from Chita at the age from 12 to 14 years.
Results. The study revealed the following tendencies and risks in the adolescents’ ethnic socialization: (a) negative ethnic stereotypes; (b) decrease in tolerance and universalism values; (c) ethnic selectivity; and (d) blurring ethnic identity.
Discussion. The findings suggest that depending on the type of ethnic socialization, which includes the type of ethnic identity, tolerance level, characteristics of social distance, value orientations, and ethnic stereotypes, adolescents fall into one of three groups.
Ценности и отношение к этнической культуре и традициям как предикторы субъективного благополучия русских и казахов
Authors: Shamionov Rail М. , Sultaniyazova Nassiya Zh. 
Published: May 2018

Introduction. The article discusses the results of the study of the predictors of subjective well-being among representatives of two ethnic groups – Russians and Kazakhs from Russia and Kazakhstan. Values are the product of social creativity; they determine the type of adaptation, and also variations in the subjective well-being of the individual. This process occurs indirectly, through the correspondence of values and the realized activity. The main purpose of this study is to analyze values and attitudes to ethnic culture and traditions as predictors of subjective well-being.
Methods. These were the Satisfaction With Life Scale (E. Diener et al.) modified by D. A. Leont'ev and E. N. Osin; Subjective Happiness Scale (Lyubomirsky & Lepper) modified by D. A. Leont'ev and E. N. Osin; the Ruff Scales of Psychological Well-Being modified by L. V. Zhukovskaya and E. G. Troshikhina; the Schwartz Value Inventory; authors’ scales for revealing attitudes to ethnic culture and traditions. The study employed proportional sampling method; each sample comprised 75 persons (n = 300).
Results. The study revealed new data about subjective well-being in the conditions of isolation and integration of ethnic groups. Almost all of the investigated values were similar. The representatives of a titular nation had a higher level of the “Independence: thoughts” value; the minority groups had a significantly lower level of this value in both cases. Values and attitudes to ethnic culture and traditions were the strongest predictors of psychological well-being. More definite value determination of life satisfaction and happiness was inherent in the representatives of the titular ethnic groups.
Discussion. The paper considers the obtained results through the prism of ongoing changes in the two countries, characterizing two opposite tendencies – consolidation of titular ethnic groups and the adoption of multiculturalism.
Технология регулирования эмоциональных состояний учащегося
Authors: Popova Svetlana I. 
Published: May 2018

Introduction. The technology of regulation is the process of indirect support of students’ favorable emotional states and also transformation of unfavorable ones. The article presents the author’s technology of regulation of emotional states. This is so-called meaningful ascending of students organized by the teacher. The paper brings forward the idea that the teacher contributes to students’ self-regulation of emotional states by changing the world image through the presentation of operational images.
Methods. The technology validation involved 810 teachers from three regions of the Russian Federation. The experimental part of the study relied on the activity-based approach and employed the following techniques: Recognition of Emotion Expressions and Emotional States (by A. Ya. Chebykin); Monitoring Map for the Dynamics of the Student’s Emotional States During Class (by A. Ts. Puni); The Reflexivity Level (A. V. Karpov); The Level of Pedagogical Regulation of a Schoolchild’s Emotional States (S. I. Popova); Method of Expert Evaluations of the Dynamics of Students’ Emotional States During Class (A. O. Prokhorov).
Results. The results of the study indicated a positive dynamics for all the parameters: (a) the degree of recognition and adequacy of interpreting emotional states; (b) the reflexivity level; (c) the level of pedagogical regulation of the student’s emotional states; (d) the dynamics of students’ emotional states during class.
Discussion. The obtained results suggest that the teacher seeks to recognize students emotional states and reveal his/her significant connections in the world around him/her. The study revealed the convergence of the images of students’ states and activities, teachers’ appeal to future events, focus on the development of students’ value relations on the basis of the dynamics of their emotional states.