bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Um olhar histórico sobre escolas diferentes: perspetivas teóricas e metodológicas (o exemplo do projeto «INOVAR»)
Authors: Sousa Pintassilgo Joaquim António 
Published: May 2019

Este artículo tiene como finalidad la presentación de un conjunto de reflexiones teóricas y metodológicas planteadas por el desarrollo del proyecto INOVAR - Rutas de la innovación pedagógica: Escuelas y experiencias de referencia en Portugal en el siglo XX. Este proyecto se inició en mayo de 2016 y su conclusión está prevista para abril de 2019. Se trata de un proyecto de investigación y desarrollo financiado por la Fundación para la Ciencia y la Tecnología de Portugal. Sus propósitos son: hacer el inventario de un conjunto amplio de escuelas y experiencias innovadoras, diferentes o alternativas que se desarrollaron en Portugal durante el siglo XX, sobre todo en su segunda mitad; producir narrativas históricas de carácter monográfico sobre cada una de estas escuelas y experiencias; y caracterizar los modelos pedagógicos que las inspiraron y los proyectos educativos que sostuvieron su actividad. En lo que a este artículo se refiere, presentaremos algunos aspectos de la problemática teórica en que se fundamenta el proyecto INOVAR y analizaremos algunos de los principales conceptos a los que recurrimos. Para ejemplos más concretos, recurriremos a una de las líneas de investigación del proyecto, la dedicada a la escuela A Torre, creada en 1970 y aún hoy en funcionamiento.
I quaderni di epoca fascista veicolo di propaganda ideologica e strumento didattico: il fondo della scuola elementare Parini di Torino (1938-1942)
Authors: Morandini Maria Cristina 
Published: May 2019

En el contexto de la investigación histórica y educativa reciente, no solo en Italia, ha adquirido una importancia primordial la línea dedicada a la «cultura material» de la escuela, destinada a reconstruir la vida real y cotidiana dentro de las aulas. Entre los nuevos tipos de fuentes utilizadas para documentar la experiencia escolar en su dimensión concreta se incluyen, además de libros de texto, los cuadernos. En la biblioteca del museo de la escuela de Turín, una biblioteca artesanal de clase y una serie de cuadernos de caligrafía e italiano, escritos por los alumnos de cuarto y quinto grado de la escuela primaria local Parini en los años inmediatamente anteriores a la caida del fascismo. A partir del análisis de los ejercicios de «hermosa escritura» y de la lectura de los temas e informes relacionados con los eventos noticiables nacionales e internacionales, aparece la propaganda ideológica masiva del régimen, dirigida a la celebración, con tonos retóricos, de la figura del Duce y de la dictadura fascista con referencia específica a las orientaciones en política nacional y exterior y a la promoción de obras de bienestar social y educativas. El material educativo examinado también ofrece información interesante sobre la actividad didáctica llevada a cabo en el aula: desde el programa de estudio hasta los contenidos de las disciplinas; desde los métodos de enseñanza y corrección de errores hasta los criterios para evaluar el rendimiento a corto y medio plazo; desde la verificación del progreso en la carrera escolar hasta la percepción subjetiva del nivel de conocimiento y los márgenes pers onales de mejora.
Qualidade de vida no trabalho: a realidade dos operadores de um Call Center em Aracaju, Brasil
Authors: Martins Marília Vitoria , Braz Helena Maria Fagundes dos Santos , Nery Matheus Batalha Moreira 
Published: May 2019

Nos dias atuais as organizações objetivam ser diferentes no mercado de trabalho, buscando realizar investimentos no que se refere a benefícios e planejamento de ações e programas que visem a construção de ambiente de trabalho harmônico entre as empresas e os seus colaboradores. Essas ações visam manter o funcionário motivado e comprometido com as atividades laborais, com segurança no que realiza, com excelente autoestima e com compromisso empresarial. O presente artigo tem como objetivo geral identificar os níveis de Qualidade de Vida no Trabalho (QVT) dos operadores de telemarketing (Call Center). Busca-se também analisar as características básicas das tarefas dos trabalhadores de telemarketing no Call Center, os níveis de QVT dos operadores de telemarketing no Call Center, especialmente quando a sua autopercepção de saúde. Metodologicamente elegeu-se o estudo de casos porque esse método de pesquisa oferece ao pesquisador uma compreensão mais profunda de um único objeto de estudo. O universo da pesquisa foi composto por 1500 funcionários, sendo que a amostra foi composta por 101 funcionários que desenvolvem suas atividades nos diversos turnos de uma empresa de Contact Center em Aracaju (SE). Conclui-se que a empresa deve investir mais na construção de politicas de valorização dos colaboradores, através do planejamento de atividades e ações que busquem ampliar a melhoria das condições de trabalho, valorização do trabalho cotidiano do colaborador e consequentemente a construção de um ambiente de trabalho mais harmônico.
Salt Resistance of Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) Cultivars Produced in Benin at Germination Stage
Authors: Kinsou Eliane , Montcho David , Zanklan Séraphin Ahissou , Kpinkoun Julien Koffi , Komlan Françoise Assogba , Mensah Armel Clément Goudjo , Gandonou Christophe Bernard 
Published: May 2019

Aims: In this research study, salt resistance level of seven tomato cultivars grown in Benin, namely Akikon, Tounvi; F1 Mongal, Petomech, Padma, TLCV 15 and Thorgal was evaluated at the germination stage.
Study Design: The experiment was laid out as a completely randomized design with four replications.
Place and Duration of Study: The experiment was carried out in the Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Abiotic Stresses Study of University of Abomey-Calavi, Republic of Benin from May to June, 2017.
Methodology: Seeds were submitted to treatment with four NaCl concentrations (0; 30; 60 and 90 mM NaCl) in Petri dishes. Seed germination was checked every day during ten days incubation period. Four replicates of 40 seeds each were used.
Results: NaCl reduced seed germination rate in all cultivars from day 2 to day 10 and the germination index proportionately to NaCl concentration. At the end of the 10 days, salt stress reduced the final germination percentages with a significant difference among cultivars: cultivars F1 Mongal followed by Akikon, Thorgal, TLCV15 and Tounvi were less affected in comparison with the two other cultivars. Salt Tolerance Index was significantly variable according to the cultivar with the highest values for cultivars F1 Mongal (1.086), Akikon (1.028), TLCV15 (1.005) and Tounvi (0.989) and the weakest value for cultivar Petomech (0.436).
Conclusion: NaCl stress delayed seed germination and reduced the rate of final germination. Salt Tolerance Index was variable among the seven cultivars. Based on this criterion, cultivars F1 Mongal, Akikon, TLCV15 and Tounvi were the most salt-resistant whereas Petomech was the most salt-sensitive at germination stage.
Logical Design of n-bit Comparators: Pedagogical Insight from Eight-Variable Karnaugh Maps
Authors: Rushdi Ali Muhammad Ali , Zagzoog Sultan Sameer 
Published: May 2019

An -bit comparator is a celebrated combinational circuit that compares two -bit inputs and and produces three orthonormal outputs: G (indicating that is strictly greater than ), E (indicating that and are equal or equivalent), and L (indicating that is strictly less than ). The symbols ‘G’, ‘E’, and ‘L’ are deliberately chosen to convey the notions of ‘Greater than,’ ‘Equal to,’ and ‘Less than,’ respectively. This paper analyzes an -bit comparator in the general case of arbitrary and visualizes the analysis for on a regular and modular version of the 8-variable Karnaugh-map. The cases 3, 2, and 1 appear as special cases on 6-variable, 4-variable, and 2-variable submaps of the original map. The analysis is a tutorial exposition of many important concepts in switching theory including those of implicants, prime implicants, essential prime implicants, minimal sum, complete sum and disjoint sum of products (or probability-ready expressions).
Preliminary Evaluation: Hydrocarbons, Cobalt, & Urea Enhance Bacteria Benefits to Plants
Authors: Perry Guenevere , Spence Don 
Published: May 2019

Aim: Develop a method to induce PGPB to biosynthesize nitrile compounds that may act as a reliable and repeatable means to increase seed germination in plant species.
Study Design: The germination experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with two replications and 40 pots (80 seedlings) per experimental unit, following a 1x1 factorial design for each culture, treated or untreated soil and 1 germination period for both conditions. The nitrile hydratase experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with 3 replications and 3 soil samples per experimental unit, following a 1x1 factorial design for each cultivar, induced or non-induced soil and 1 cultivation period.
Place and Duration of Study: Germination work was executed at G & A Innovative Solutions, LLC, GA., April - May 2017. Nitrile Hydratase Assay work was executed at Georgia State University, Applied Environmental Microbiology Dept., Atlanta, GA. November 2010-August 2011. Methodology: Rhodococcus and Bacillus species were induced with short chained-hydrocarbons, cobalt, and urea in a triphasic system for 3 d to potentially make nitrile compounds to benefit seed germination. Increased NHase activity has been previously correlated to production of these nitrile compounds and an increased ability to affect plant development. NHase activity was measured after bacteria were suspended in soil for 6-7 d.
Results: The induction method sustained and increased NHase activity by 200%, during suspension in soil. Induced Bacillus increased germination by 34%, shoot & root length by 67% & 10%.
Conclusion: Enhancing biosynthesis of nitriles in PGPB may enhance bacteria ability increase seed germination rates. Measuring NHase activity may indirectly measure efficacy of PGPB in soil. The results are preliminary and require additional studies to confirm results.
Performance, Immuno-stimulatory and Blood Biochemical Indices of Broiler Chickens Fed Hot Red Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) Supplemented Diets
Authors: Adedoyin A. A. , Mosobalaje M. A. , Bamimore A. I. 
Published: May 2019

A study was conducted to evaluate the effects of hot red pepper (HRP) powder as a natural feed additive on performance, immunity and blood biochemical parameters in broiler chickens. A Completely Randomized Design (CRD) was adopted by using 180 two weeks old Anak broiler chicks, allocated to four treatments with nine replicates of five birds each. Commercial broiler diets used containing HRP at the levels of 0%, 1.0%, 1.25% and 1.5%.
Results showed that HRP supplementation did not significantly increase (p>0.05) the Average Feed Intake (AFI). Also not significant (p>0.05) but birds fed with the control diet had the numerically lowest Average Body Weight Gain (ABWG) (38.11 g) and worst Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) (1.96). Better cost/kg weight gain was also found in the birds fed with the HRP supplemented diets. Mortality was however, significantly (p>0.05) higher in control diets compared to other diets. Packed cell volume (PCV), haemoglobin (HG), and white blood cell (WBC) levels were not significantly (p>0.05) different among the experimental groups. At the same time, HRP dietary supplementation did not have a significant effect on serum biochemical parameters (Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), Low-density lipoprotein (LDL), High-density lipoprotein (HDL), triglycerides, cholesterol and glucose. Conclusively, hot red pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) inclusion up to 1.5% has the potential to improve feed conversion ratio and cost/kg weight gain, without affecting the blood biochemical indices of broiler chickens.
Anthropometric Parameters in Asthmatic Children and the Relationship of Childhood Asthma with Height, Weight and Body Mass Index
Authors: Bazargan Nasrin , Hamidifar Shokouh , Khalouei Ali , Sedighi Gholamreza 
Published: May 2019

Background: Asthma as a chronic disease may affect the growth process. The aim of this study was to investigate the anthropometric indices in 2-18 years old children with asthma and compare them with the control group.
Patients and Methods: In a case-control study, 150 asthmatic children with age of 2-18 years as case group and 300 age- and sex-matched healthy children as control group were randomly included. The height, weight, and body mass index (BMI) of both group measured by the standard method and Z score was calculated. Data were analyzed using SPSS, chi-square and analysis of variance.
Results: Totally, 290 boys (64.4%) and 160 girls (35.6%) with mean age of 6.58±2.82 years were evaluated. Case group had significantly lower height compared to the healthy control group (117.00±0.17 cm vs. 121.00±0.15 cm respectively, P=0.025). No significant differences were detected in weight (23.13±9.75 kg vs. 24.62±10.36 kg, P=0.145) and BMI (16.32±3.10 kg/m2 vs. 16.28±3.16 kg/m2, P=0.900) between case and control groups, respectively. There were no significant relationships between normal and abnormal Z scores of height, weight and BMI in case and control group (P>0.05).
Conclusion: Despite 4 cm difference between the age of two groups, no differences in height, weight ad BMI between two groups may be due to good control of the disease in the case group or lack of significant growth related effect of asthma.
Detection of circulating tumor cells in colorectal cancer patients using the GILUPI CellCollector: results from a prospective, single‐center study
Authors: Dizdar Levent , Fluegen Georg , van Dalum Guus , Honisch Ellen , Neves Rui P. , Niederacher Dieter , Neubauer Hans , Fehm Tanja , Rehders Alexander , Krieg Andreas , Knoefel Wolfram T. , Stoecklein Nikolas H. 
Published: May 2019

The GILUPI CellCollector (CC) is a novel in vivo circulating tumor cell (CTC) detection device reported to overcome the limitations of small blood sample volumes. The aim of this prospective, blinded study was to evaluate the clinical application of the CC and to compare its performance to the CellSearch (CS) system in M0 and M1 colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. A total of 80 patients (31 M0, 49 M1) with CRC were enrolled. CTCs were simultaneously measured in the peripheral blood using CS and the CC, and the results of both assays were correlated to clinicopathological variables and overall survival. The total number of detected CTCs and CTC‐positive patients did not significantly differ between both assays. In the M0 patients, the CC detected CTCs more frequently than CS. There was no significant difference in total CTC numbers detected with the CC between M0 and M1 patients. In addition, no significant correlation with clinicopathological parameters or overall survival was observed with CC CTCs. In contrast, detection of CTCs with CS was significantly correlated with Union for International Cancer Control stage and reduced overall survival. There was no correlation between CTCs detected by the CC and the CS system. Using in silico analysis, we estimate that CC screens a volume of 0.33–18 mL during in vivo application, in contrast to much higher volumes reported elsewhere. In conclusion, while being safe and easy to use, the CC did not outperform CS in terms of CTC yield or sensitivity. While CTC detection in M0 CRC patients was significantly increased with the CC, the clinical relevance of these CTCs appears inferior to the cells identified by the CS system.
Genomic signatures defining responsiveness to allopurinol and combination therapy for lung cancer identified by systems therapeutics analyses
Authors: Tavassoly Iman , Hu Yuan , Zhao Shan , Mariottini Chiara , Boran Aislyn , Chen Yibang , Li Lisa , Tolentino Rosa E. , Jayaraman Gomathi , Goldfarb Joseph , Gallo James , Iyengar Ravi 
Published: May 2019

The ability to predict responsiveness to drugs in individual patients is limited. We hypothesized that integrating molecular information from databases would yield predictions that could be experimentally tested to develop transcriptomic signatures for specific drugs. We analyzed lung adenocarcinoma patient data from The Cancer Genome Atlas and identified a subset of patients in which xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH) expression correlated with decreased survival. We tested allopurinol, an FDA‐approved drug that inhibits XDH, on human non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines obtained from the Broad Institute Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia and identified sensitive and resistant cell lines. We utilized the transcriptomic profiles of these cell lines to identify six‐gene signatures for allopurinol‐sensitive and allopurinol‐resistant cell lines. Transcriptomic networks identified JAK2 as an additional target in allopurinol‐resistant lines. Treatment of resistant cell lines with allopurinol and CEP‐33779 (a JAK2 inhibitor) resulted in cell death. The effectiveness of allopurinol alone or allopurinol and CEP‐33779 was verified in vivo using tumor formation in NCR‐nude mice. We utilized the six‐gene signatures to predict five additional allopurinol‐sensitive NSCLC cell lines and four allopurinol‐resistant cell lines susceptible to combination therapy. We searched the transcriptomic data from a library of patient‐derived NSCLC tumors from the Jackson Laboratory to identify tumors that would be predicted to be sensitive to allopurinol or allopurinol + CEP‐33779 treatment. Patient‐derived tumors showed the predicted drug sensitivity in vivo. These data indicate that we can use integrated molecular information from cancer databases to predict drug responsiveness in individual patients and thus enable precision medicine.
Developing a MLC modifier program to improve fiducial detection for MV/kV imaging during hypofractionated prostate volumetric modulated arc therapy
Authors: Happersett Laura , Wang Ping , Zhang Pengpeng , Mechalakos James , Li Guang , Eley Eleanor , Zelefsky Michael , Mageras Gig , Damato Antonio L. , Hunt Margie 
Published: May 2019

AbstractPurposeTo develop an Eclipse plug‐in (MLC_MODIFIER) that automatically modifies control points to expose fiducials obscured by MLC during VMAT, thereby facilitating tracking using periodic MV/kV imaging.MethodThree‐dimensional fiducial tracking was performed during VMAT by pairing short‐arc (3°) MV digital tomosynthesis (DTS) images to triggered kV images. To evaluate MLC_MODIFIER efficacy, two cohorts of patients were considered. For first 12 patients, plans were manually edited to expose one fiducial marker. Next for 15 patients, plans were modified using MLC_MODIFIER script. MLC_MODIFIER evaluated MLC apertures at appropriate angles for marker visibility. Angles subtended by control points were compressed and low‐dose “imaging” control points were inserted and exposed one marker with 1 cm margin. Patient's images were retrospectively reviewed to determine rate of MV registration failures. Failure categories were poor DTS image quality, MLC blockage of fiducials, or unknown reasons. Dosimetric differences in rectum, bladder, and urethra D1 cc, PTV maximum dose, and PTV dose homogeneity (PTV HI) were evaluated. Statistical significance was evaluated using Fisher's exact and Student's t test.ResultOverall MV registration failures, failures due to poor image quality, MLC blockage, and unknown reasons were 33% versus 8.9% (P < 0.0001), 8% versus 6.4% (P < 0.05), 13.6% versus 0.1% (P < 0.0001), and 7.6% versus 2.4% (P < 0.0001) for manually edited and MLC_MODIFIER plans, respectively. PTV maximum and HI increased on average from unmodified plans by 2.1% and 0.3% (P < 0.004) and 22.0% and 3.3% (P < 0.004) for manually edited and MLC_MODIFIED plans, respectively. Changes in bladder, rectum, and urethra D1CC were similar for each method and less than 0.7%.ConclusionIncreasing fiducial visibility via an automated process comprised of angular compression of control points and insertion of additional “imaging” control points is feasible. Degradation of plan quality is minimal. Fiducial detection and registration success rates are significantly improved compared to manually edited apertures.
Zirconyl Hydrogenphosphate Nanocontainers for Flexible Transport and Release of Lipophilic Cytostatics, Insecticides, and Antibiotics
Authors: Rein Viktor , Meschkov Anna , Hagens Kristine , Redinger Natalja , Schepers Ute , Mehlhorn Heinz , Schaible Ulrich E. , Feldmann Claus 
Published: May 2019

AbstractAdministration of lipophilic drugs is often restricted by poor aqueous solubility (especially in blood), limited membrane permeability, uncontrolled drug leakage, and aggregation of lipophilic drugs. As a new nanocarrier concept, LC@ZrO(mdp)@ZrO(HPO4) core@shell nanocontainers (LC: lipophilic cavity; mdp: monododecylphosphate) are presented. As a proof of concept, the nanocontainers are used to encapsulate different types of lipophilic molecules such as the fluorescent dye lumogen red (LR), the cytostatic drug irinotecan (ITC), the insecticide cypermethrin (CM), and the tuberculosis antibiotic benzothiazinone‐043 (BTZ). Synthesis strategy and material structure of the nanocontainers are discussed in detail. LR@ZrO(mdp)@ZrO(HPO4), as the first example, shows intense red emission and successful incorporation of LR into the nanocontainers. As ex vivo application, CM@ZrO(mdp)@ZrO(HPO4) nanocontainers can be used to repel and even kill mosquitoes or flies being in contact with the insecticide‐loaded nanocontainers. The drugs ITC and BTZ—after encapsulation in ITC@ZrO(mdp)@ZrO(HPO4) and BTZ@ZrO(mdp)@ZrO(HPO4) nanocontainers—show high activity at low cytotoxicity in in vitro studies against tumor cells (HeLa, SK‐Mel‐28, HTC116, A549, RAW264.7) and tuberculosis (Mycobacterium tuberculosis‐infected macrophages). Taken together, the different lipophilic molecules (LR, CM, ITC, BTZ) point to the adaptability and performance of the novel zirconyl hydrogenphosphate nanocontainer concept.
The Influence of Interface Structure on the Electrical Conductivity of Graphene Embedded in Aluminum Matrix
Authors: Cao Mu , Luo Yongzhi , Xie Yiqun , Tan Zhanqiu , Fan Genlian , Guo Qiang , Su Yishi , Li Zhiqiang , Xiong Ding‐Bang 
Published: May 2019

AbstractGraphene is considered a promising reinforcement to improve the electrical conductivity of metals because of its excellent intrinsic electrical conductivity. However, graphene/Al matrix composites with enhanced electrical conductivity have not yet been reported. In this work, it is attempted to understand the factors influencing the electrical conductivity of graphene embedded in an Al matrix by adjusting the interfacial structure and composition. By sandwiching graphene (Gr) or graphene oxide (GO) with either pristine or passivated Al foils, three kinds of typical composite interfaces are successfully fabricated: pristine‐Al/Gr/pristine‐Al (Al/Gr/Al), passivated‐Al/Gr/passivated‐Al (Al‐O/Gr/O‐Al), and pristine‐Al/GO/pristine‐Al (Al/GO/Al). As revealed by electrical current mapping of the interfacial area, the Gr layer in the sandwiched Al/Gr/Al composite shows an electrical conductivity ≈70 times higher than that of the surrounding Al matrix. Gr with a high electrical conductivity is not observed in the Al‐O/Gr/O‐Al and Al/GO/Al composites. The mechanisms are understood by microstructural characterizations and first‐principle calculations. The results indicate that high‐quality Gr and metal–Gr contact are simultaneously needed to improve the electrical conductivity of Al by incorporating graphene.