bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pollenkitt of some monocotyledons: lipid composition and implications for pollen germination
Authors: Chichiriccò G. , Pacini E. , Lanza B. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

The composition of pollenkitt and its role in the progamic phase of reproduction are poorly understood. With the aim of extending knowledge on these topics, we chose to study two monocotyledons rich in pollenkitt, with bi‐celled and long‐lived pollen and dry‐type stigma: Crocus vernus Hill subsp. vernus and Narcissus poeticus L.

Fatty acids of pollenkitt were assayed with gas chromatography. Germination tests were performed in vivo by pollinating the stigmas with a beard hair under a stereomicroscope, and in vitro in liquid culture medium using pollen, either treated or not, with carbon disulphide to remove pollenkitt. The pollen tube percentages were evaluated using fluorescence microscopy techniques. Scanning electron microscopy was used to examine pollen and to follow the early post‐pollination stages.

Pollenkitt forms bridges between pollen grains but not between grains and stigma papillae. It consists of a mixture of 25 fatty acids, most with long and unsaturated chains, among which are some omega acids. The same acids with different percentages persist on the peritapetal membrane. After its removal, the pollen loses adhesiveness and dries quickly, but retains full capacity for germination on the papillae and can even trigger germination in contiguous pollen grains that do not touch the papillae.

The results, while confirming the key role of pollenkitt in protecting pollen and favouring pollination, suggest secondary roles in the progamic phase, and highlight the interactive ability of the pollen regardless of lipid shell. The predominance of fatty acids with 18:3 and 16:0, as already noted in Brassica napus pollenkitt, suggests their hierarchy independent of plant species.
Retracted: Setting the Regulatory Agenda: Statutory Deadlines and the Conditions for Compliance
Authors: Bertelli Anthony M. , Doherty Kathleen M. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractRetraction: Anthony M. Bertelli, Kathleen M. Doherty, “Setting the Regulatory Agenda: Statutory Deadlines and the Conditions for Compliance, (https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/puar.13057).” This article from Public Administration Review, published online on April 30, 2019 in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com), has been retracted by agreement between the journal's Editors‐in‐chief, R. Paul Battaglio and Jeremy L. Hall, the authors, and Wiley Periodicals, Inc. This action has been agreed due to an error which caused an incorrect version of the manuscript to be published. The correct version of the article is forthcoming.
Pulmonary rehabilitation for obstructive lung disease
Authors: Osadnik Christian R. , Singh Sally 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACTPulmonary rehabilitation (PR) is a highly effective, established therapy to improve exercise intolerance, impaired quality of life and limb muscle weakness associated with a range of chronic respiratory diseases. The evidence base for PR is largest in the area of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), yet its role in other obstructive lung diseases such as asthma is less well defined. Despite several features being common across both COPD and asthma, factors such as younger age or employment may affect the potential applicability of traditional PR models for patients with asthma. This review examines the current evidence regarding PR for the obstructive lung diseases of COPD and asthma. It offers appraisal of some of the strengths and weaknesses of existing literature, identifies areas in need of future research and details some of the issues facing clinicians responsible for the clinical management and rehabilitation of patients with these diseases.
Interventions Targeting Deep Tissue Lymph Nodes May Not Effectively Reduce the Risk of Salmonellosis from Ground Pork Consumption: A Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment
Authors: Zhang Yangjunna , O'Connor Annette M. , Wang Chong , Dickson James S. , Hurd H. Scott , Wang Bing 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe inclusion of deep tissue lymph nodes (DTLNs) or nonvisceral lymph nodes contaminated with Salmonella in wholesale fresh ground pork (WFGP) production may pose risks to public health. To assess the relative contribution of DTLNs to human salmonellosis occurrence associated with ground pork consumption and to investigate potential critical control points in the slaughter‐to‐table continuum for the control of human salmonellosis in the United States, a quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA) model was established. The model predicted an average of 45 cases of salmonellosis (95% CI = [19, 71]) per 100,000 Americans annually due to WFGP consumption. Sensitivity analysis of all stochastic input variables showed that cooking temperature was the most influential parameter for reducing salmonellosis cases associated with WFGP meals, followed by storage temperature and Salmonella concentration on contaminated carcass surface before fabrication. The input variables were grouped to represent three main factors along the slaughter‐to‐table chain influencing Salmonella doses ingested via WFGP meals: DTLN‐related factors, factors at processing other than DTLNs, and consumer‐related factors. The evaluation of the impact of each group of factors by second‐order Monte Carlo simulation showed that DTLN‐related factors had the lowest impact on the risk estimate among the three groups of factors. These findings indicate that interventions to reduce Salmonella contamination in DTLNs or to remove DTLNs from WFGP products may be less critical for reducing human infections attributable to ground pork than improving consumers’ cooking habits or interventions of carcass decontamination at processing.
Which exercise prescriptions optimize V̇O2max during cancer treatment?—A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Bjørke Ann Christin Helgesen , Sweegers Maike G. , Buffart Laurien M. , Raastad Truls , Nygren Peter , Berntsen Sveinung 
Published: May 2019

The aims of the present systematic review and meta‐analysis were to investigate the effect of exercise on maximal oxygen uptake () and to investigate whether exercise frequency, intensity, duration, and volume are associated with changes in among adult patients with cancer undergoing treatment. Medline and Embase through OvidSP were searched to identify randomized controlled trials. Two reviewers extracted data and assessed the risk of bias. The overall effect size and differences in effects for different intensities and frequencies were calculated on change scores and post‐intervention data, and the meta‐regression of exercise duration and volumes was analyzed using the Comprehensive Meta‐Analysis software. Fourteen randomized controlled trials were included in the systematic review, comprising 1332 patients with various cancer types receiving (neo‐)adjuvant chemo‐, radio‐, and/or hormone therapy. Exercise induced beneficial changes in compared to usual care (effect size = 0.46, 95% Confidence Interval = 0.23‐0.69). Longer session duration (P = 0.020), and weekly duration (P = 0.010), larger weekly volume (P < 0.001), and shorter intervention duration (P = 0.005) were significantly associated with more beneficial changes in . No differences in effects between subgroups with respect to frequency and intensity were found. In conclusion, exercise has beneficial effects on in patients with cancer undergoing (neo‐)adjuvant treatment. As interventions with larger exercise volumes and longer session durations resulted in larger beneficial changes in , exercise frequency, intensity, and duration should be considered carefully for sufficient exercise volume to induce changes in for this patient group.
The Globalization of Resentment: Antisemitism in an Inter‐ and Transnational Context
Authors: Beyer Heiko 
Published: May 2019

ObjectiveThe article presents a global comparison of antisemitic attitudes and their functions.MethodsThe sample of the study consists of 18 countries from five continents surveyed in 2011 by the Pew Research Center (n = 13,975). These data are analyzed using multilevel analyses.ResultsIt can be shown that antisemitism, on the one hand, offers a pseudo‐explanation for rapid social change by equating capitalism, “American imperialism,” and globalization with Jews, and on the other hand is used for the construction of nationalistic boundaries. Nationalism and anti‐globalization views are particularly important predictors in countries with higher GDP per capita. Those countries, however, have comparatively low base rates of antisemitism whereas Muslim countries have rather high ones. Cross‐level parameters show that especially Muslims living in countries that are rather democratic but have low GDP and where Muslims are a minority report negative views of Jews.ConclusionThere is a significant global variation of negative attitudes toward Jews. The theoretical approaches at hand best describe the situation in economically stable regions.
External ear cytological results and resident flora of clinically normal alpacas (Vicugna pacos)
Authors: Mazulis Christina A. , Erb Hollis N. , Thachil Anil , Miller William H. 
Published: May 2019

BackgroundOtitis is common in alpacas. Suppurative otitis media/interna can be an extension from the external ear canal or from a respiratory infection. Cytological evaluation provides rapid and inexpensive information to assist in therapeutic decision; to date, there is no published information regarding the normal cytological results and flora of the alpaca external ear canal.Hypothesis/ObjectivesTo describe normal resident cytological findings and flora and possible variation over time, we sampled clinically normal alpaca external ear canals during two different seasons.AnimalsFifty privately owned, healthy alpacas of different ages and sexes in two northeastern United States flocks.Methods and materialsOne ear per alpaca had both cytological swabs (ectoparasites, inflammatory and epithelial cells, bacteria and yeast) and sterile swabs (bacterial and fungal cultures) taken. This was done in August 2017 and repeated in January 2018.ResultsYeast organisms were noted cytologically in 2–4% of the samples. Prevalence of total yeast genera was 6% in August and 30% in January. Cytologically, rod‐shaped bacteria [maximum 4–10/high power field (HPF); median 0–0.5/HPF] were seen in 50% of alpacas in August and 26% in January. Coccal bacteria (maximum 6‐10/HPF; median 0/HPF) were seen in 32% of alpacas in August and 16% in January. No statistically significant findings were noted between sampling months. Common bacterial genera isolated in August were Bacillus (44%), Arthrobacter (40%) and nonhaemolytic Staphylococcus (26%), and in January were Bacillus (42%) and Pantoea (38%).Conclusions and clinical importanceThis information may be useful when evaluating alpaca external ear canal samples, which subsequently may help dictate empirical therapy.
Dose‐dependent pruritogenic and inflammatory effects of intradermal injections of histamine, compound 48/80 and anti‐canine IgE in healthy dogs
Authors: Banovic Frane , Denley Tara , Blubaugh Amanda 
Published: May 2019

BackgroundScratching behaviours associated with intradermal (i.d.) injection of pruritogens such as histamine and compound 48/80 into the skin of mice and humans is the commonly used model to advance itch research and drug development. The predictive validity of this model is poorly documented in dogs.ObjectivesTo evaluate the dose‐dependent effects of pruritogenic substances, each with a different mechanism of action, in healthy dogs.AnimalsTen healthy laboratory beagles.Methods and materialsAll dogs were video‐recorded for 30 min post‐injection (mpi) of i.d. goat anti‐canine IgE (4 and 25 μg/site), histamine and compound 48/80 (50, 100, 200, 400 μg/site); two buffered saline injections served as controls. Two blinded investigators reviewed the pruritic behaviours of all video recordings. Global wheal scores were evaluated at 30 min by a blinded investigator.ResultsAll dogs showed wheal and erythema at the pruritogen injection site; global wheal scores at 30 min of each substance significantly increased at all concentrations compared to control (P ≤ 0.05). A blinded evaluation revealed that all pruritogens induced mild acute pruritic behaviours at the site of injection. There was no injection site pain seen in any dog. Compared to controls, injections of pruritogens did not significantly affect the pruritic seconds or occurrence of pruritic episodes for any of the substances.Conclusions and clinical significanceThese preliminary results suggest that i.d. injections of the studied pruritogens can induce cutaneous wheal and flare response in healthy dogs; but inconsistencies occur in the induction of itch, even with the different concentrations of pruritogens.
Multicenter investigation of hemostatic dysfunction in 15 dogs with acute pancreatitis
Authors: Nielsen Lindsey , Holm Jennifer , Rozanski Elizabeth , Meola Dawn , Price Lori Lyn , de Laforcade Armelle 
Published: May 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo characterize hemostatic profiles in dogs with acute pancreatitis.DesignProspective and observational study.SettingTertiary referral centers.AnimalsFifteen client‐owned dogs with acute pancreatitis enrolled between December 1, 2011 and June 1, 2012.Materials and methodsBlood samples were collected on admission for measurement of platelet count, PCV, thromboelastography (TEG), antithrombin, prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, D‐dimer, von Willebrand factor, and fibrinogen values, which were compared to reference intervals derived from healthy dogs. The Wilcoxon rank‐sum test was used to test for differences in continuous variables between study subjects and reference intervals.Measurements and main resultsDogs with acute pancreatitis were globally hypercoagulable using TEG when compared with reference intervals. Dogs with acute pancreatitis had significantly higher D‐dimers (1,144 μg/L vs 251 μg/L [6264.5 vs 1374.5 nmol/L];P = 0.001), fibrinogen (837 vs 232 mg/dL [8.37 vs 2.32 g/L];P < 0.001), and von Willebrand factor (92.9% vs 65.1%;P = 0.02) as well as significantly lower antithrombin (85.7% vs 120%;P < 0.001) and prothrombin time values (3.8 vs 7.6 sec;P < 0.001) than reference intervals.ConclusionsLaboratory evidence of hypercoagulability was present in dogs with acute pancreatitis. TEG may be useful in dogs with acute pancreatitis for monitoring response to therapy and guiding therapeutic interventions.
Comparison of hydroalcoholic rubbing and conventional chlorhexidine scrubbing for aseptic skin preparation in dogs
Authors: Asimus Erik , Palierne Sophie , Blondel Margaux , Pollet Valentine , Ferran Aude , Bousquet‐Melou Alain , Rousselot Jean‐François , Autefage André 
Published: May 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo compare preparation time, ease of application, and elimination of skin contamination of 3 skin preparation methods for asepsis.Study designExperimental study.AnimalsHealthy dogs (n = 6) with no clinical signs of skin disease.MethodsThree sites on each dog were randomly allocated to 1 of 3 preparation protocols for asepsis: (1) 5 scrubbings with chlorhexidine gluconate and rinsing (CHXG), (2) washing with mild soap prior to 3 rubbings with hydroalcoholic solution (soap‐HAR), or (3) 3 rubbings with hydroalcoholic solution (HAR). The duration of each method of skin preparation was recorded. A Count‐Tact agar plate was placed in the center of each site before, immediately after, 1 hour after, and 3 hours after antiseptic application. Plates were cultured, and colony forming units (CFU) were counted.ResultsSkin preparation lasted an average of 375 seconds for CHXG, 240 seconds for soap‐HAR, and 190 seconds for HAR (P = .00049). Nine CFU (median) were cultured from the skin prior to preparation, with no difference between sites on any animal or for any method. Colony forming units were not detected at any time on any site in any dog after antiseptic application.ConclusionRubbing with hydroalcoholic (HA) solution was as effective as CHXG and prevented bacterial growth for at least 3 hours under these experimental conditions. Rubbing with hydroalcoholic solution was also faster and easier to perform.Clinical significanceBecause there is currently no known resistance to HA solution, preparation of the surgical site with HAR should be considered to prevent the emergence of bacterial resistance to chlorhexidine as well as potential cross‐resistances to antibiotics. Transfer to clinical animals requires additional investigation.
Effectiveness of parenting education for expectant primiparous women in Asian countries: a quantitative systematic review protocol
Authors: Mori Emi , Iwata Hiroko , Maehara Kunie , Sakajo Akiko , Ina Kei , Harada Nami 
Published: May 2019

Review question:
What is the effect of antenatal parenting education on parenting stress, maternal depressive symptoms and maternal confidence, compared to usual care, for expectant primiparous women in Asian countries?
Core indicators of quality in practice education placements in allied health and social care professions: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Hills Caroline , Quigley Duana , Bennett Annemarie E. , Haughey Fiona , McMahon Sinead 
Published: May 2019

Review objectives/question:
The objectives of this scoping review are: i) to explore quality practice education placements from the perspective of allied health stakeholders including students and professional organizations, and to conceptually map the evidence within a quality framework; and ii) to identify any gaps in the literature.
The researchers seek to answer the specific research question: what are the core indicators of quality in practice education as reported by stakeholders across allied health and social care professions?
Chapter 8 Mid–Late Permian Upukerora Formation, South Island, New Zealand: fault-controlled mass wasting of the Early Permian Dun Mountain ophiolite and initiation of the Permian–Triassic Maitai continental margin forearc basin
Authors: Robertson Alastair H. F. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
The Dun Mountain ophiolite and related oceanic-arc rocks (Otama Complex) formed above a westward-dipping subduction zone within Panthalassa, with implications for the emplacement of Cordilleran-type ophiolites and arcs elsewhere. The ophiolite is overlain by the Mid–Late Permian Upukerora Formation (up to 850 m), a predominantly very coarse breccia-conglomerate that mainly accumulated by mass flow. Lesser amounts of sediment accumulated from turbidity currents and as background hemipelagic sediments. The succession unconformably overlies ophiolitic basaltic or, rarely, gabbroic rocks after a regional hiatus. Much of the coarse clastic debris was derived from the underlying ophiolite. However, clasts of plagioclase-phyric basalt, felsic volcanics and quartz-bearing intrusive rocks, including plagiogranite, are over-represented compared to the ophiolite. The evolved igneous material was derived from an incipient oceanic arc (the Otama Complex) that bordered or covered the ophiolite, especially in the south. The coarse clastic material accumulated following the activation of north–south-trending, subaqueous, extensional growth faults within the underlying oceanic crust. Large blocks of mainly basalt, diabase and gabbro were also shed down fault scarps from relatively shallow-water to deeper-water settings. Fault-controlled talus accumulated soon after Mid-Permian docking of the ophiolite and oceanic arc with SE Gondwana to initiate the Mid-Permian–Mid-Triassic Maitai continental margin forearc basin.
Chapter 14 Crossing Cook Strait: terranes of the Marlborough Schist, Kapiti Island and Wellington
Authors: Adams C. J. , Campbell H. J. , Mortimer N. , Griffin W. L. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
U–Pb detrital zircon age patterns in sandstones from the Wellington and eastern Cook Strait area have broad Permian–Triassic and Precambrian–early Paleozoic age groups that confirm a previously established Triassic Rakaia Terrane correlation. Along the western Cook Strait coast, meta-psammitic Marlborough Schist samples have zircon patterns with a single age group, either Late Triassic or Jurassic, indicating a Waipapa Terrane ancestry. Similar data from the central Cook Strait region suggest that Waipapa Terrane basement continues northeastwards from Marlborough through Fishermans Rock to Kapiti Island. The Rakaia–Waipapa terrane boundary thus lies east of Kapiti Island and Fishermans Rock. The position of a Caples–Waipapa terrane boundary within the Marlborough Schist is less certain but most of the eastern Marlborough Schist is Waipapa Terrane.
Chapter 9 Sedimentary development of the Mid-Permian–Mid-Triassic Maitai continental margin forearc basin, South Island, New Zealand
Authors: Robertson Alastair H. F. , Palamakumbura Romesh 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
The Mid-Late Permian–Mid-Triassic Maitai Group is interpreted as the distal forearc basin of the SE Gondwana active continental margin. The basin initially received very coarse detritus (Upukerora Formation) from the recently emplaced, nearby Dun Mountain ophiolite and related oceanic-arc rocks. Early tectonic subsidence accommodated up to 1000 m of bioclastic gravity-flow deposits from an adjacent carbonate platform, together with terrigenous and volcanic arc-derived material (Wooded Peak Formation). Basin-levelling turbidites then accumulated, composed of mixed terrigenous and arc-derived igneous material, with bottom-current reworking (Tramway Formation). Latest Permian–earliest Triassic gravity-flow deposits (locally absent) are characterized by relatively basic volcanic material (Little Ben Formation). Overlying turbidites accumulated in a relatively oxygen-poor, deeper-water setting (Greville Formation). Fine-grained background sedimentation then switched to well-oxidized, with traction-current reworking (Waiua Formation). The overlying Early–Mid Triassic Stephens Subgroup included the accumulation of lenticular sandstone turbidites, channelized conglomerate, well-oxidized deep-sea mud and felsic tuff. Permian and Early Triassic marginal carbonate platforms collapsed and were emplaced as localized exotic blocks. Extrusive and intrusive clasts within channelized conglomerates (Snowdon Formation) were derived from the adjacent continental margin arc. The forearc basin was subsequently displaced to its present position, possibly with up to 3000 km of southwards translation.