bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Imaging of Aspiration: When to Suspect Based on Imaging of Bacterial Aspiration, Chemical Aspiration, and Foreign Body Aspiration
Authors: Agarwala Priya , Machnicki Stephen , Ryu Jay H. , Hu Xiaowen , Saez Kaitlin , Raoof Suhail 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAspiration-related syndromes comprise a broad spectrum of diseases affecting the airways and lung parenchyma resulting from inadvertent entry of oropharyngeal or gastric contents into the respiratory tract. The diagnosis can be challenging given lack of self-reported symptoms and unwitnessed or silent aspiration events. Aspiration is a common finding in healthy individuals suggesting that host defenses play a critical role in the pathophysiology. In the absence of strict criterion, a high index of suspicion is necessary based on recognition of established risk factors and identification of characteristic imaging findings. Conditions predisposing to altered levels of consciousness and neuromuscular weakness can lead to dysphagia, impaired cough reflux, and subsequent aspiration. The most salient feature on imaging is the anatomic location of the abnormalities, with the superior segments of the lower lobes and posterior segments of upper lobes involved in the recumbent position, and basilar segments of lower lobes in the upright position. Acute syndromes include pneumonia, pneumonitis, and foreign body aspiration. In the more indolent form of aspiration, bronchiectasis, diffuse bronchiolitis, and interstitial lung disease can develop. A detailed understanding of associated radiographic findings for these syndromes can help to implicate aspiration as the cause for imaging abnormalities and ultimately optimize patient management.
Nonlinear response of telecom-wavelength superconducting single-photon detectors
Authors: Mark Patrick , Gstir Sebastian , Münzberg Julian , Weihs Gregor , Keil Robert 
Published: November 2024

We measure the nonlinearity of a telecom-wavelength superconducting nanowire single-photon detector via incoherent beam combination. At typical photon count rates and detector bias current, the observed relative deviation from a perfectly linear response is in the order of 0.1% when the flux is doubled. This arises from a balance between the counteracting nonlinearities of dead time-induced detector saturation and of multi-photon detections. The observed behavior is modeled empirically, which suffices for a correction of measured data. In addition, statistical simulations, taking into account the measured recovery of the detection efficiency (90%-recovery after about 100 ns), provide insight into possible mechanisms of multi-photon detection.
Fusion studies in 19F + 142,150Nd reactions at energies around the Coulomb barrier
Authors: Visakh A C , Prasad E , Nath S , Madhavan N , Gehlot J , Jangra Gonika , Biswas Rohan , Kumar Chandra , Khuyagbaatar J , Lommel B , Kindler B , Rani Anjali , Noor S 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Evaporation residue cross-sections have been measured for 19F+142,150Nd reactions in the energy range 15% below to 30% above the Coulomb barrier at the Inter-University Accelerator Centre, New Delhi, using the heavy ion reaction analyzer (HIRA). The measured fusion excitation functions were compared with the calculations using the coupled channels code CCFULL, including different couplings of the reactants. Fusion barrier distribution is extracted from the measured fusion cross-sections. Significant enhancement in fusion cross-section is observed in both reactions at sub-barrier energies. Enhancement is larger for the 19F+150Nd reaction compared to the 19F+142Nd reaction. The coupling of target excitations alone could not reproduce the observed fusion enhancement in both systems at sub-barrier energies. Calculations have been performed treating 19F as a vibrational as well as a rotational nucleus. Coupled channels calculations assuming 19F as a rotor reproduce the fusion excitation function reasonably well in both systems. However, these calculations do not require the coupling of transfer channels despite the presence of positive Q-value transfer channels in both systems. This warrants transfer cross-section measurements in both systems.
Baseline-free damage identification method based on guided wave for tube structures
Authors: Yan Weijia , Yu Mingkai , Wang Tianle , Le Jie , Lu Lingling , Xing Xiaodong , Song Hongwei , Ding Zequn 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The tube structure is a crucial component in petrochemical industry or other chemical plants, any damage could lead to severe consequences. With the widespread adoption of guided wave technology in structural health monitoring, this study presents a novel guided wave-based, baseline-free approach for localizing damage in tube structures. The core concept of this methodology involves constructing a comprehensive guided wave pattern encompassing all potential guided waves within the tube structure using the Gabor pulse model, which adeptly captures both the frequency and time attributes of guided waves. Subsequently, the composition of wave packets within each receiving sensor is determined utilizing the block sparse Bayesian learning algorithm. By optimizing the sensor arrangement strategy, a damage wave packet identification algorithm is proposed to discern the damage wave packets effectively. This approach enables damage recognition without relying on traditional baseline data by utilizing parameters from the Gabor pulse model within the damage wave packet combined with probability density. Through rigorous evaluation utilizing simulation and experimental data, the efficacy of the baseline-free damage identification method is demonstrated, with the maximum error in damage prediction confined within 8 mm.
Impact of the π-pulse shape on the contrast of thermal Atom Interferometers
Authors: López-Monjaraz Cristian , Peña Vega Hellmunt , Jiménez-García Karina , López Romero José M , Corzo Neil V 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The key role of π- and π/2-pulses in atom interferometry has been widely recognized as their efficiency affect the overall performance of atomic interferometers. The inefficiencies are evident when using thermal cloud atoms as the field interaction does not compensate for the atom velocity. Temporal pulse shaping offers a solution to this issue by balancing the effect of the temporal shape of the mirror pulse in thermal cold atom interferometry by testing pulse shapes beyond the standard rectangle including Gaussian-like, Sinc-like, optimized Band-selective Uniform Response Pure-phase family, and optimized Gaussian Cascade family. We unveiled a correlation between the π-pulse fidelity and the overall interferometer contrast function. We also found robust pulse sequences with respect to initial atom velocities that offer contrast as high as 0.7 compared to standard rectangle sequences with values of 0.2. The investigated pulse sequences offer an efficient way to improve the performance of atom interferometers, increasing the potential of thermal cold atom interferometry.
Influence of surface charge mobility on alternating current electroosmotic flow in graphene nanochannels
Authors: Wu Zhilin , Liu Yongbo , Liu Guanting 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In this study, the impact of surface charge mobility on alternating current electroosmotic flow (ACEOF) in graphene nanochannels is the primary investigation. By taking into account the lateral movement of the adsorbed surface charge, the slip velocity condition of the hydrophobic surface is modified, and the impact of the adsorbed lateral movement surface charge on the volume flow is evaluated. In this work, the numerical method is employed to deal with the question, and an analytical solution at low potential is also provided. A number of important conclusions are drawn from the results of this study. For example, for incompressible Newtonian fluids, the increase in slip length will promote the oscillation amplitude of ACEOF. However, when the surface charge mobility is considered, the effect of slip length on it will be significantly reduced, and the volume flow will be further suppressed. In general, as the Reynolds number, bare slip length, and solution concentration increase, while the channel height and the absolute value of the surface charge density decrease, the inhibiting effect of surface charge mobility on the amplitude of the volume flow gradually intensifies. By adjusting the range of the above variables, the minimum inhibitory effect of surface charge mobility on volume flow amplitude can reach 0.65%, and the maximum inhibitory effect can reach 61.84%. These findings are of great practical importance for the design of efficient thermal nanodevices.
A novel approach to fractional differential equations via JSN transform coupled fractional residual power series method
Authors: K Jayaram Prakash , S R Saratha , Yildirim Ahmet 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In this study, we introduce a novel modified general integral transform known as the JSN transform, which offers several advantages over the Laplace and other integral transforms with exponential kernels. Fundamental results of the JSN transform of the Caputo fractional derivative are discussed. Furthermore, we develop a novel hybrid technique called the JSN Fractional Residual Power Series Method (JSN FRPSM). This new technique incorporates the JSN transform with the existing Residual Power Series Method. To demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed hybrid technique in solving fractional differential equations, we apply it to various fractional differential equations encountered in science and engineering. Statistical and error analyses are conducted to validate the results obtained through the proposed method. Additionally, the series solutions obtained via the proposed method are illustrated graphically.
Dynamical analysis of bursting in a system with a discontinuous boundary involving two state variables
Authors: Zuo Wenjie , Zhu Yuxun , Song Jin , Zhang Yi , Zhang Zhengdi 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This paper investigates the bursting oscillations and the underlying dynamical mechanisms of a non-smooth system with a discontinuous boundary that involves two state variables. A slow-fast non-smooth system is established after modifying the Chua’s circuit. By applying the variable substitution, the system with a boundary involving two state variables is transformed into a system where the boundary involves only a single state variable. The topological equivalence between the systems before and after the transformation is demonstrated. The stability analysis is performed on the transformed system, and the bifurcation conditions are given. Six types of bursting oscillation patterns under different parameter settings are presented. The bifurcation transition mechanisms of these bursting patterns are revealed using two-dimensional transformed phase diagrams. It is found that an increase in the excitation amplitude leads to changes in the transition patterns of the system trajectory between point and cycle, resulting in the formation of a ‘sticking’ special spiking state. This spiking state involves multiple limit cycle attractors and an equilibrium branch. The magnitude of the excitation amplitude also affects the slow passage effect of the system, determining whether the trajectory undergoes periodic oscillations at the Hopf bifurcation point.
Boron trace amount measurement in LaB6 hollow cathode discharge using an improved actinometry method based on OES
Authors: Wang Fu-Feng , Meng Tian-Hang , Ning Zhong-Xi , Wang Yan-Fei , Wei Xi , Zhu Xi-Ming 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The erosion of hollow cathode critical structures is inevitable for the high-temperature and high-energy ion environment. As the amount of erosion product is very small in a short time, it is difficult to achieve online monitoring by traditional methods. This paper established an improved actinometry method based on optical emission spectroscopy (OES) to achieve online monitoring of the density of boron (B) erosion products from the lanthanum hexaboride (LaB6) cathode emitter without damaging the cathode structure. In this method, the intensity of spectral lines generated by the transitions of xenon (Xe) from its ground state and metastable state was collected. Then, the electron temperature can be calculated using the collisional-radiative model of Xenon spectral lines. Further, the number density of B is obtained through the ratio of spectral lines excited from the ground state of B and Xe, and thereby the rate of production of B erosion products from the emitter per unit time is determined. The erosion rate of the cathode under different operating conditions was measured. It was found that the erosion of the cathode emitter was closely related to the flowrate and low-frequency current oscillations of the cathode. Therefore, it is necessary to avoid low-frequency current oscillations and appropriately increase the gas flowrate of the cathode to improve the lifespan of the cathode emitter.
Identifying the superimposed orbital angular momentum modes for delivering information by a Resnet-based atmospheric turbulence intensity extraction
Authors: Wang Xiaohui , Wang Yang , Deng Dongdong , Ji Xinchen , Zhang Hui , Xu Liang , Rui Jiawei , Mao Shuai , Song Yingxiong , Pang Fufei , Zhuang Liyun , Yang Song , He Xiaofeng , Wang Chao , Zhu Tiezhu , Yang Yudong 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Vortex light carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM) is a beam with a helical phase structure. The OAM light has great potential in the field of communication, due to the fact that it can greatly improve the efficiency and capacity of information transmission. One of the popular information propagation methods is coding and decoding by different single OAM light or combined multiple OAM lights. However, Laguerre–Gaussian (LG) beams (LGB) carrying OAM, which is a classical vortex light, are prone to distortion of intensity under atmospheric turbulence (AT) disturbances. Due to the influence of AT, the effective recognition of the OAM mode in a free space becomes an important challenge for information propagation. For mitigating the influence of AT, a scheme combining AT extraction and OAM modes recognition is proposed, which can efficiently identify both AT intensity and OAM modes. A 99 % identification accuracy of AT can be reached by the proposed scheme. Besides, the obtained results also show that the recognition rate of OAM modes is greatly improved after the introduction of AT extraction module, especially under strong turbulence conditions. Compared to direct-mode-identification method without extracting AT, the recognition accuracy can be improved by 8 % and 3 % when the AT intensity is

1

×

10

−
13

and

5

×

10

−
14

m

−
2
/
3

, respectively. Consequently, the proposed scheme can be used to identify the OAM modes with a high accuracy, which is beneficial to OAM coding and decoding in an OAM-based communication system.
Synthesized aluminum gallium nitride/porous-Si thin films at different compositions by pulsed laser deposition method
Authors: Abbas Abeer R , Fakhri Makram A , Alwahib Ali Abdulkhaleq , Salim Evan T , B M Ali Ali , Azzahrani Ahmad S , Gopinath Subash C B 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In this study, AlGaN/porous silicon substrate was prepared using three different Al content (Al2O3: GaN) (25, 50, and 75) percent for a gas sensing application. A photo-electrochemical etching technique (PECE) created the porous silicon (PSi) substrate with the assistance of a diode laser. A thin layer of Aluminum gallium nitride (AlGaN) target was accurately synthesized on this porous Si (PSi) substrate at different concentrations of Al2O3: GaN (25,50 and 75%). The unique crystalline structure of the AlGaN thin film at (50:50%) of AlGaN with hexagonal structure was discovered by x-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis along the diffraction angles of 34.46°,34.52°, and 36.18° correspond to the planes (002), (002), and (103) plane respectively. This deposition technique precisely improved the film quality and surface morphology. Oval particles were uniformly dispersed throughout the surface under the atomic force microscope (AFM). The RMS and surface roughness increased to 25.3 nm and 21.5 nm, respectively, when the composition percentage was increased to (50:50) %. The Aluminum gallium nitride (AlGaN) film deposited at 532 nm wavelength was imaged using a field emission scanning microscope (FESEM) and revealed to have a uniformly covered porous silicon substrate. This demonstrated that round particles were dispersed evenly and smoothly. The AlGaN film (50:50) % structure has a thickness of 3.1 μm in its cross-sectional area, showing how precisely the deposition process worked. In UV photoluminescence (PL), The AlGaN nanofilms prepared with 50:50% composition of Al2O3: GaN has a wavelength of 360 nm and an energy gap of 3.44 eV, which was near band edge emission of GaN. As expected, the AlGaN peak related to the band edge transitions exhibited a blue shift with increasing Al2O3 concentrations. The optical energy gap of the AlGaN thin film was discovered under UV-visible light. The resulting AlGaN showed energy band gaps of 3.2 eV, 3.44 eV, and 3.6 eV at 25,50, and 75% concentration, respectively.
A gallium oxide MESFET transistor with potential barrier layers for high-power and high-frequency applications
Authors: Shiralizadeh Nemati Reyhaneh , Orouji Ali Asghar 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In this article, a novel gallium oxide metal semiconductor field effect transistor (MESFET) is presented. This device is designed for high-power and high-frequency usage and features embedded potential barrier layers on each side of the gate metal within the channel. The gallium oxide semiconductor (Ga2O3) is highly valued in semiconductor technologies because of its large band gap (4.9–4.8 eV) and high breakdown field (6–8 MV cm−1). These properties make it suitable for high-power and high-frequency operations. We call the proposed structure; the potential barrier layers in Gallium Oxide MESFET (PBL-GO-MESFET). The key idea in the PBL-GO-MESFET transistor is embedding the PB layers to control the electric field distribution. Because of the PB layers, an increased breakdown voltage is observed in the PBL-GO-MESFET device, which is in contrast to conventional GO-MESFET (C-GO-MESFET) devices. The simulation findings indicate that the PBL-GO-MESFET transistor surpasses the C-GO-MESFET transistor in terms of breakdown voltage and radio frequency (RF) traits.
High-throughput screening and evaluation of double-linker metal–organic frameworks for CO2/H2 adsorption and separation
Authors: Huang 黄 Ji-Long 纪龙 , Liu 刘 Xiu-Ying 秀英 , Chen 陈 Hao 浩 , Li 李 Xiao-Dong 晓东 , Yu 于 Jing-Xin 景新 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The capture of CO2 from CO2/H2 gas mixtures in syngas is a crucial issue for hydrogen production from steam methane reforming in industry, as the presence of CO2 directly affects the purity of H2. A combination of a high-throughput screening method and grand canonical Monte Carlo simulation was utilized to evaluate and screen 1725 metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) in detail as a means of determining their adsorption performance for CO2/H2 gas mixtures. The adsorption and separation performance of double-linker MOFs was comprehensively evaluated using eight evaluation indicators, namely, the largest cavity diameter, accessible surface area, pore occupied accessible volume, porosity, adsorption selectivity, working capacity, adsorbent performance score and percent regeneration. Six optimal performance frameworks were screened to further study their single-component adsorption and binary competitive adsorption of CO2/H2 respectively. The CO2 adsorption selectivity at different CO2/H2 feed ratios was also evaluated, which indicated their excellent adsorption and separation performance. The microscopic adsorption mechanisms for CO2 and H2 at the molecular level were investigated by analyzing the radial distribution function and density distribution. This study may provide directional guidance and reference for subsequent experiments on the adsorption and separation of CO2/H2.
Multiparameter generalized universal characters and multiparameter generalized B-type universal characters
Authors: Wang 王 Jingfan 竸凡 , Yan 颜 Zhaowen 昭雯 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We construct the quantum fields presentation of the generalized universal character and the generalized B-type universal character, and by acting the quantum fields presentations to the constant 1, the generating functions are derived. Furthermore, we introduce two integrable systems known as the generalized UC (GUC) hierarchy and the generalized B-type UC (GBUC) hierarchy satisfied by the generalized universal character and the generalized B-type universal character, respectively. Based on infinite sequences of complex numbers, we further establish the multiparameter generalized universal character and the multiparameter generalized B-type universal character, which have been proved to be solutions of the GUC hierarchy and the GBUC hierarchy, respectively.
Plastic deformation mechanism of γ-phase U–Mo alloy studied by molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Wang 王 Chang 畅 , Peng 彭 Peng 芃 , Lai 赖 Wen-Sheng 文生 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Uranium–molybdenum (U–Mo) alloys are critical for nuclear power generation and propulsion because of their superior thermal conductivity, irradiation stability, and anti-swelling properties. This study explores the plastic deformation mechanisms of γ-phase U–Mo alloys using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. In the slip model, the generalized stacking fault energy (GSFE) and the modified Peierls–Nabarro (P–N) model are used to determine the competitive relationships among different slip systems. In the twinning model, the generalized plane fault energy (GPFE) is assessed to evaluate the competition between slip and twinning. The findings reveal that among the three slip systems, the {110}〈111〉 slip system is preferentially activated, while in the {112}〈111〉 system, twinning is favored over slip, as confirmed by MD tensile simulations conducted in various directions. Additionally, the impact of Mo content on deformation behavior is emphasized. Insights are provided for optimizing process conditions to avoid γ → α″ transitions, thereby maintaining a higher proportion of γ-phase U–Mo alloys for practical applications.
The scintillating fiber tracker of the Ziré detector on the NUSES space mission
Authors: Pillera R. ,   the NUSES collaboration
Published: November 2024

Abstract
NUSES is a pathfinder satellite to be deployed in low Earth orbit, equipped with new technologies for space-based detectors. It will carry two payloads: Terzina, for detecting ultra-high-energy cosmic-ray and neutrino air showers, and Ziré, for measuring low energy cosmic rays and gamma rays. Zirè includes several subdetectors: a Fiber TracKer (FTK), a Plastic Scintillator Tower (PST), a calorimeter (CALOg), an AntiCoincidence System (ACS), and a Low Energy Module (LEM). The majority of Ziré will be based on scintillators with Silicon Photomultiplier (SiPM) readout. The FTK is based on thin scintillating fibers readout by SiPM arrays. We assembled several fiber tracker prototypes and tested them with custom developed Front-End Boards (FEBs) based on PETIROC2A and CITIROC. A full, reduced scale protptype of Ziré, Zirettino was designed and assembled. The FTK prototypes and Zirettino were tested in the laboratory and at the CERN PS and SPS facilities.