bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Verification of Data Accuracy in Japan Congenital Cardiovascular Surgery Database Including Its Postprocedural Complication Reports
Authors: Takahashi Arata , Kumamaru Hiraku , Tomotaki Ai , Matsumura Goki , Fukuchi Eriko , Hirata Yasutaka , Murakami Arata , Hashimoto Hideki , Ono Minoru , Miyata Hiroaki 
Published: March 2018

Background: Japan Congenital Cardiovascluar Surgical Database (JCCVSD) is a nationwide registry whose data are used for health quality assessment and clinical research in Japan. We evaluated the completeness of case registration and the accuracy of recorded data components including postprocedural mortality and complications in the database via on-site data adjudication. Methods: We validated the records from JCCVSD 2010 to 2012 containing congenital cardiovascular surgery data performed in 111 facilities throughout Japan. We randomly chose nine facilities for site visit by the auditor team and conducted on-site data adjudication. We assessed whether the records in JCCVSD matched the data in the source materials. Results: We identified 1,928 cases of eligible surgeries performed at the facilities, of which 1,910 were registered (99.1% completeness), with 6 cases of duplication and 1 inappropriate case registration. Data components including gender, age, and surgery time (hours) were highly accurate with 98% to 100% concordance. Mortality at discharge and at 30 and 90 postoperative days was 100% accurate. Among the five complications studied, reoperation was the most frequently observed, with 16 and 21 cases recorded in the database and source materials, respectively, having a sensitivity of 0.67 and a specificity of 0.99. Conclusions: Validation of JCCVSD database showed high registration completeness and high accuracy especially in the categorical data components. Adjudicated mortality was 100% accurate. While limited in numbers, the recorded cases of postoperative complications all had high specificities but had lower sensitivity (0.67-1.00). Continued activities for data quality improvement and assessment are necessary for optimizing the utility of these registries.
Association of Habitual Activity and Body Mass Index in Survivors of Congenital Heart Surgery: A Study of Children and Adolescents With Tetralogy of Fallot, Transposition of the Great Arteries, and Fontan Palliation
Authors: O’Byrne Michael L. , McBride Michael G. , Paridon Stephen , Goldmuntz Elizabeth 
Published: March 2018

Background: Obesity is associated with increased lifelong morbidity and reduced life span and is increasingly prevalent in the congenital heart disease population. Habitual exercise is an important aspect of a healthy lifestyle and primary prevention of obesity in the general population. The association between habitual activity and body mass index (BMI) has not been studied in children with congenital heart disease. Methods: A cross-sectional analysis of two previously collected cohorts was performed, including participants 8 to 18 years old with tetralogy of Fallot, transposition of the great arteries, and single ventricle heart disease after a Fontan operation. The association between BMI and duration of habitual exercise (measured by questionnaire) was studied. Secondary analyses assessing the effect of other possible factors for BMI were performed. Results: In total, 172 participants were studied (45% Tetralogy of Fallot, 12% transposition of the great arteries, and 43% Fontan). Median BMI was 18.2, and 29% of the participants were obese or overweight. Median habitual exercise was 5.9 h/wk. Thirty-eight percent of participants reported having their activity restricted by their cardiologist. Increasing exercise duration was associated with lower BMI ( P = .01) in univariate analysis. In secondary analyses, restriction to mild exertion and participation in low-intensity exercise were both associated with increased BMI. Conclusion: Increased habitual activity was associated with lower BMI, emphasizing the potential role of recreational sport in the health of children with congenital heart disease.
Predictors of Pericardial Effusion in Patients Undergoing Pulmonary Artery Banding
Authors: Noma Mio , Matsubara Muneaki , Tokunaga Chiho , Nakajima Tomomi , Mathis Bryan James , Sakamoto Hiroaki , Hiramatsu Yuji 
Published: March 2018

Background: Although pulmonary artery banding (PAB) is a common palliative procedure for pediatric heart malformation, there are concerns of pressure overload and concomitant immune reactions in the right ventricle causing postsurgical complications such as pericardial effusion. At this time, no clear guidelines as to potential risk factors or procedural contraindications have been widely disseminated. Therefore, a study was undertaken to examine wide-ranging factors to find potential biomarkers for postsurgical pericardial effusion formation risk. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on all cardiac surgeries performed over an eight-year period, and the main inclusion criterion was pericardial effusion development after PAB that required surgical drainage. Nine cases were then analyzed against a control group of 45 cases with respect to body measurements, concomitant surgeries, genetic screens, laboratory tests results, and cardiac function parameters. Results: Trisomy 21 was strongly associated with the development of severe pericardial effusion after PAB, and postoperative serum albumin levels in patients with trisomy 21 were associated with pericardial effusion development. Other parameters showed no significant correlation with pericardial effusion development. Conclusions: Our data indicate a strong association between trisomy 21 and pericardial effusion requiring drainage after PAB, which is in line with translational research findings. Pressure overload from PAB may play a role in the formation of severe pericardial effusion that is exacerbated by cardiac structural defects commonly associated with trisomy 21. Surgical teams should therefore use caution and plan to implement drainage in PAB cases, and postoperative serum albumin may serve as a useful biomarker for pericardial effusion formation.
Does the Lever Sign Test Have Added Value for Diagnosing Anterior Cruciate Ligament Ruptures?
Authors: Lichtenberg Miranda C. , Koster Christiaan H. , Teunissen Lennart P.J. , Oosterveld Frits G.J. , Harmsen Annelieke M.K. , Haverkamp Daniel , Hoornenborg Daniel , Berg Robert P. , Bloemers Frank W. , Faber Irene R. 
Published: March 2018

Background: Diagnosing an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture based on a physical examination remains a challenge for both surgeons and physical therapists. The lever sign test was developed to overcome the practical limitations of other tests and to optimize diagnosis. An evaluation of the measurement properties of the lever sign test is needed to make adequate interpretations in practice. Purpose: To evaluate the reliability and diagnostic value of the lever sign test. Study Design: Cohort study (diagnosis); Level of evidence, 2. Methods: A total of 94 patients were recruited between November 2014 and July 2016. Patients were included if they were at least 16 years old, suffered from knee trauma, and had indications for knee arthroscopic surgery. Lever sign, anterior drawer, Lachman, and pivot-shift test outcomes were examined by an orthopaedic/trauma surgeon and a physical therapist. A test-retest design was used to investigate interrater reliability. Moreover, the lever sign test outcomes, alone and in combination with the other diagnostic tests, were compared with arthroscopic results, which served as the gold standard for the test’s diagnostic value. Results: The lever sign test and pivot-shift test had kappa values exceeding 0.80 for interrater reliability. The kappa values for the anterior drawer test and Lachman test were 0.80 and 0.77, respectively. The lever sign test showed the highest specificity (100%) and the lowest sensitivity (39%) when compared with the other 3 tests. Moreover, its positive and negative predictive values were 100% and 65%, respectively, while an accuracy of 71% was calculated. Clustering the lever sign test parallel with the other 3 tests resulted in the highest accuracy of 91%. Conclusion: The lever sign test appears to have high interrater reliability and is the most specific test, showing a maximal positive predictive value. A positive lever sign test result indicates an ACL rupture. These results support the added value of the lever sign test for diagnosing ACL ruptures.
Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Western Uganda: Disease of Uncertainty and Poor Prognosis
Authors: Nabukenya Jamilah , Hadlock Tessa A. , Arubaku Wilfred 
Published: March 2018

ObjectivesPatients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) have symptoms that masquerade as benign conditions, resulting in late presentations. The objective is to describe characteristics and stages of patients with HNSCC and document their prognosis from clinical experience in western Uganda.Study DesignCross‐sectional study with clinical follow‐up.SettingMbarara Regional Referral Hospital.Subjects and MethodsFifty‐one participants were recruited from February to July 2016. A questionnaire was used for patient characteristics, and staging, serologic studies, biopsy for histopathology, and immunohistochemistry were investigated. Staging was subclassified as early (stage I and II) and late (stage III and IV). Analysis was done with Fisher’s exact test.ResultsOf 51 participants, 44 (86.5%) were male; the group had a mean age of 57.7 years, and 41 (80.1%) presented with late stage. Of 10 participants who presented with early stage, 6 (60%) had laryngeal HNSCC. The pharynx was ranked as the highest subsite (n = 19, 37.3%), followed by the oral cavity (n = 9, 17.6%), the larynx (n = 9, 17.6%), an unknown primary (n = 8, 15.7%), and sinonasal area (n = 6, 11.8%). Tobacco smoking, alcohol consumption, and prior use of traditional remedy were common characteristics among participants. Moderate differentiation was the most common grade (n = 23, 45.1%). Helicobacter pylori, Epstein‐Barr virus, human immunodeficiency virus, and human papilloma virus type 16 were identified among 51 participants. However, none could afford referral for radiotherapy; hence, 1‐year survival was 4%.ConclusionThe majority of our patients with HNSCC present at late stage, and the prognosis is poor. There is great need for preventative community‐based education and early screening services to save our population.
Phase 1 clinical trial evaluating abatacept in patients with steroid-refractory chronic graft-versus-host disease
Authors: Nahas Myrna R. , Soiffer Robert J. , Kim Haesook T. , Alyea Edwin P. , Arnason Jon , Joyce Robin , Antin Joseph H. , Ho Vincent T. , Stroopinsky Dina , Li Shuli , Levine James D. , McMasters Malgorzata , Jain Salvia , Hamdan Ayad , Tzachanis Dimitrios , Bryant Mary Paty , Logan Emma K. , Bazemore Josie , Stewart Jeremy , Joyce Amy , Stephenson Susan , Washington Abigail , Cole Leandra , Pyzer Athalia , Leaf Rebecca Karp , Avigan David E. , Rosenblatt Jacalyn 
Published: March 2018

Key PointsCostimulatory blockade using abatacept represents a novel therapeutic approach for the treatment of cGVHD. Abatacept resulted in a clinical response in 44% of patients with both decreased prednisone use and T-cell PD-1 expression in responders.
Clinical and functional impact of recurrent S1PR1 mutations in mantle cell lymphoma
Authors: Wasik Agata M. , Wu Chenglin , Mansouri Larry , Rosenquist Richard , Pan-Hammarström Qiang , Sander Birgitta 
Published: March 2018

Key Points
S1PR1 mutations are present in 7.8% of patients with MCL and are significantly more frequent at relapse. S1PR1 mutations reduce expression of the S1PR1 receptor, which mediates migration towards the tissue-to-blood egress factor S1P in MCL.
Metastasis in context: modeling the tumor microenvironment with cancer-on-a-chip approaches
Authors: Sleeboom Jelle J. F. , Eslami Amirabadi Hossein , Nair Poornima , Sahlgren Cecilia M. , den Toonder Jaap M. J. 
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACT
Most cancer deaths are not caused by the primary tumor, but by secondary tumors formed through metastasis, a complex and poorly understood process. Cues from the tumor microenvironment, such as the biochemical composition, cellular population, extracellular matrix, and tissue (fluid) mechanics, have been indicated to play a pivotal role in the onset of metastasis. Dissecting the role of these cues from the tumor microenvironment in a controlled manner is challenging, but essential to understanding metastasis. Recently, cancer-on-a-chip models have emerged as a tool to study the tumor microenvironment and its role in metastasis. These models are based on microfluidic chips and contain small chambers for cell culture, enabling control over local gradients, fluid flow, tissue mechanics, and composition of the local environment. Here, we review the recent contributions of cancer-on-a-chip models to our understanding of the role of the tumor microenvironment in the onset of metastasis, and provide an outlook for future applications of this emerging technology.
Electronic collimation of radiographic images: does it comprise an overexposure risk?
Authors: Tsalafoutas Ioannis A 
Published: March 2018

Objective:
To investigate whether electronic collimation software, which is available in all digital X-ray systems, may comprise an overexposure risk.

Methods:
In the context of surveys on Diagnostic Reference Levels carried out in two radiographic facilities, along with data on exposure factors, the radiographic field sizes were also recorded. In one facility (Unit A), a wireless flat panel detector is used with a conventional X-ray unit, while in the other, a fully digital system is installed (Unit B). The electronically collimated image sizes were compared with the original radiation field sizes. The differences between these two systems concerning the field sizes and the mode of electronic collimation utilization were investigated.

Results:
In Unit A, manual electronic collimation was extensively used and cases where the radiation field size was up to three times larger than that electronically collimated, were identified. On the contrary, in Unit B radiation fields were smaller and electronic collimation was automatic.

Conclusion:
When electronic collimation is used in manual mode instead of proper pre-exposure collimation, then it does comprise an overexposure risk. The risk is larger in radiographic units where the field size is not automatically selected according to the examination protocol and no interlocks against oversized collimation settings exist.

Advances in knowledge:
When radiologists review masked images to make the diagnosis, possible suboptimal X-ray field collimation practices may go unnoticed for long. Therefore, radiologists and medical physicists should periodically survey the original images to determine the actual radiation field sizes used for each radiographic examination type.
A blind spot? Confronting the stigma of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection - A systematic review
Authors: Mokaya Jolynne , McNaughton Anna L , Burbridge Lela , Maponga Tongai , O'Hara Geraldine , Andersson Monique , Seeley Janet , Matthews Philippa C 
Published: March 2018

Background: The Global Hepatitis Health Sector Strategy is aiming for the elimination of viral hepatitis as a public health threat by 2030. Successful diagnostic, treatment and preventive strategies can reduce incidence and morbidity; it is important to ensure that these interventions and services are not only available, but also accessible. Stigma, poverty, and lack of knowledge may present a substantial barrier, especially in resource limited settings. We therefore set out to assimilate evidence for the nature and impact of stigma on the lives of people with HBV infection and on the community, and to suggest ways to tackle stigma and discrimination. Methods: We carried out a literature search in PubMed using the search terms ‘hepatitis B’, ‘stigma’ to identify relevant papers published between 2007 and 2017 (inclusive), with a particular focus on Africa. Results: We identified a total of 34 articles, of which only one study was conducted in Africa. Lack of knowledge on HBV was consistently identified: there were misconceptions about HBV transmission among the public, healthcare workers (HCWs) provided inaccurate information to individuals diagnosed with HBV, and poor understanding resulted in lack of preventive precautions. Stigma negatively impacted on health behaviour such as help-seeking, screening, disclosure, prevention of transmission, and adherence to treatment. Conclusion: Stigma is a potentially major barrier to the successful implementation of preventive, diagnostic and treatment strategies for HBV infection, and yet there is very limited recognition of the magnitude of this challenge, especially in Africa. There is a need for more research in this area, to identify and evaluate interventions that can be used effectively to tackle stigma in HBV, and to inform collaborative efforts between policy makers, HCWs, traditional healers, religious leaders, charity organisations and support groups, to improve awareness and tackle stigma in HBV in Africa.
Association Between Postdischarge Emergency Department Visitation and Readmission Rates
Authors: Venkatesh Arjun K. , Wang Changqin , Wang Yongfei , Altaf Faseeha , Bernheim Susannah M. , Horwitz Leora 
Published: March 2018

BACKGROUNDHospital readmission rates are publicly reported by the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS); however, the implications of emergency department (ED) visits following hospital discharge on readmissions are uncertain. We describe the frequency, diagnoses, and hospital‐level variation in ED visitation following hospital discharge, including the relationship between risk‐standardized ED visitation and readmission rates.METHODSThis is a cross‐sectional analysis of Medicare beneficiaries hospitalized for acute myocardial infarction (AMI), heart failure, and pneumonia between July 2011 and June 2012. We used Medicare Standard Analytic Files to identify admissions, readmissions, and ED visits consistent with CMS measures. Postdischarge ED visits were defined as treat‐and‐discharge ED services within 30 days of hospitalization without readmission. We utilized hierarchical generalized linear models to calculate hospital risk–standardized postdischarge ED visit rates and readmission rates.RESULTSWe included 157,035 patients hospitalized at 1,656 hospitals for AMI, 391,209 at 3,044 hospitals for heart failure, and 342,376 at 3,484 hospitals for pneumonia. After hospitalization for AMI, heart failure, and pneumonia, there were 14,714 (9%), 31,621 (8%), and 26,681 (8%) ED visits, respectively. Hospital‐level variation in postdischarge ED visit rates was substantial: AMI (median: 8.3%; 5th and 95th percentile: 2.8%‐14.3%), heart failure (median: 7.3%; 5th and 95th percentile: 3.0%‐13.3%), and pneumonia (median: 7.1%; 5th and 95th percentile: 2.4%‐13.2%). There was statistically significant inverse correlation between postdischarge ED visit rates and readmission rates: AMI (–0.23), heart failure (‐0.29), and pneumonia (–0.18).CONCLUSIONSFollowing hospital discharge, ED treat‐ and‐discharge visits are half as common as readmissions for Medicare beneficiaries. There is wide hospital‐level variation in postdischarge ED visitation, and hospitals with higher ED visitation rates demonstrated lower readmission rates.
Technical Note—Analysis of Scrip Systems: On an Open Question in Johnson et al. (2014)
Authors: Bo Yang , Dawande Milind , Janakiraman Ganesh 
Published: March 2018

In a recent paper, Johnson et al. (2014) [Johnson K, Simchi-Levi D, Sun P (2014) Analyzing scrip systems. Oper. Res. 62(3):524–534.]use an infinitely repeated game with discounting, among a set of homogeneous players, to model a scrip system. In each period, a randomly chosen player requests service; all the other players have a choice of whether or not to volunteer to provide service. Among the players who volunteer, the service provider is chosen using the minimum-scrip rule: a player with the minimum number of scrips is chosen as the service provider. The authors study the always-trade strategy for a player, that is, the strategy of a player always willing to provide service, regardless of the distribution of scrips among the players. A key result of their work is that, under the minimum-scrip rule, for any number of players and for every discount factor close enough to one, there exists a Nash equilibrium in which each player plays the always-trade strategy. This result, however, is established under an assumption of severe punishment: If a player selected to provide service refuses to do so even once, then that player will be forever banned from participating in the system, thus losing all potential future benefit. Johnson et al. (2014) explain that this assumption is unsatisfactory, particularly for large scrip systems, because of difficulties in detecting players who refuse to provide service and verifying the reason(s) for their refusal, and the consequent possibility of players being unfairly banned. Motivated by this concern, the authors suggest an important direction of future research: investigate whether or not the always-trade strategy is an equilibrium without the punishment assumption. In this note, we address the question posed in Johnson et al. (2014) for a generalization of their model. Our generalization allows for the possibility that players might genuinely not be available to provide service, say because of sickness. Without using the assumption of punishment, we show that when the number of players is large enough and the discount factor is close enough to one, there exists an ε-Nash equilibrium in which each player plays the always-trade strategy.
A review of biomaterials in bone defect healing, remaining shortcomings and future opportunities for bone tissue engineering
Authors: Winkler T. , Sass F. A. , Duda G. N. , Schmidt-Bleek K. 
Published: March 2018

Despite its intrinsic ability to regenerate form and function after injury, bone tissue can be challenged by a multitude of pathological conditions. While innovative approaches have helped to unravel the cascades of bone healing, this knowledge has so far not improved the clinical outcomes of bone defect treatment. Recent findings have allowed us to gain in-depth knowledge about the physiological conditions and biological principles of bone regeneration. Now it is time to transfer the lessons learned from bone healing to the challenging scenarios in defects and employ innovative technologies to enable biomaterial-based strategies for bone defect healing. This review aims to provide an overview on endogenous cascades of bone material formation and how these are transferred to new perspectives in biomaterial-driven approaches in bone regeneration. Cite this article: T. Winkler, F. A. Sass, G. N. Duda, K. Schmidt-Bleek. A review of biomaterials in bone defect healing, remaining shortcomings and future opportunities for bone tissue engineering: The unsolved challenge. Bone Joint Res 2018;7:232–243. DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.73.BJR-2017-0270.R1.