bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of extracorporeal shock wave for low back pain
Authors: Wei Wei , Tang Hua-yu , Li Yu-zhi , Wang Tian-shu 
Published: February 2019

Abstract

Background:
Previous clinical trials have reported that extracorporeal shock wave (EPSW) can be used to treat low back pain (LBP), and have achieved satisfied effect. However, its effectiveness is still inconclusive. Thus, this systematic review will aim to assess the effectiveness and safety of EPSW for patients with LBP.

Methods:
In this systematic review, the electronic databases of Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, EMBASE, PUBMED, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, Chinese Scientific Journal Database, and Wanfang Data will be searched from inception to January 1, 2019. Randomized controlled trials and case-control studies that assessed the effectiveness and safety of EPSW for LBP will be included. The primary outcome is pain intensity. The secondary outcomes are functional status, quality of life, psychological outcomes, as well as the adverse events. All process of the study selection, data extraction, and methodology evaluation will be carried out by two authors independently. RevMan 5.3 software will be utilized for statistical analysis.

Results:
This study will provide a detailed summary of latest evidence related to the effectiveness and safety of EPSW in pain relief, improvement of functional status, quality of life, and psychological disorders in patients with LBP.

Conclusion:
The findings of this study may provide possible guidance for LBP treated by EPSW.

Dissemination and ethics:
Ethical approval is not required in this study, because it will not collect the original data from individual patient. The results are expected to publish through a peer-reviewed journal.

Systematic review registration:
PROSPERO CRD42019120501.
Effect of extracorporeal shock wave for tennis elbow
Authors: Tang Hua-yu , Yu Tao , Wei Wei , Zhao Yu 
Published: February 2019

Abstract

Background:
Previous clinical studies have reported that extracorporeal shock wave (EPSW) is an effective treatment for patients with tennis elbow (TE). However, no systematic review has assessed its effectiveness and safety for the treatment of TE.

Methods:
In this systematic review, we will search the potential eligible literature from the following electronic databases: Central, Embase, MEDLINE, CINAHL, and CNKI from inception to the present. All literatures of randomized controlled trials of EPSW for TE will be considered without language restrictions. Two reviewers will independently select the studies, extract the data, and evaluate the methodology quality. All disagreements between those 2 reviewers will be resolved by a third reviewer involved through discussion. Outcome data will be pooled by RevMan 5.3 software if the heterogeneity is reasonable. Reporting bias will also be conducted if more than 10 included studies can be reached.

Results:
This systematic review will evaluate the clinical effectiveness and safety of EPSW for TE.

Conclusion:
The findings of this study will summarize the current evidence of EPSW on TE outcomes and may provide guidance for both clinical practice and further studies.

Dissemination and ethics:
This systematic review does not need ethical approval, because it does not utilize the individual patient data. Its findings are expected to publish in peer-reviewed journals.

Systematic review registration:
PROSPERO CRD42019119687.
Allogeneic blood transfusion in 163 children with acute lymphocytic leukemia (a STROBE-compliant article)
Authors: Wang Dao , Zhou Ge , Mao Shu-ting , Chen Jiao , Liu Yu-feng 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Little research has been done about the effects of allogeneic blood transfusion (ABT) on the recurrence and prognosis in the cases with childhood acute lymphocytic leukemia (cALL). In order to provide a basis for clinical safe blood transfusion, the data of 163 cases with cALL were retrospectively analyzed to explore the issue.
The data of 163 cases with cALL between 2006 and 2011 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the frequency of blood transfusion, the 163 cases were divided into 4 groups including non-transfusion group, 1 to 10-time transfusion group, 11 to 25-time transfusion group, and >25-time transfusion group. Survival rates were compared with Log-Rank test. Cox regression analysis was used in the effects of risk factors on recurrence and death.
ABT was performed in 152 cases with cALL (93.25%). In low-risk and intermediate-and-high risk cALL, the survival rate significantly decreased in all transfusion groups compared with that in non-transfusion group (all P < .01). Cox regression analysis showed that >25-time transfusion was an independent prognosis index of recurrence (odds ratio [OR] = 3.015, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.368–6.646) and death (OR = 3.979, 95% CI: 1.930–8.207) in cALL.
Frequency of ABT appears to affect the recurrence and death in cALL. We should be careful with blood transfusion and avoid unnecessary blood transfusion as far as possible in the cases with cALL.
Nephrocalcinosis in adolescent girl with medullary sponge kidney and mild hemihypertrophy
Authors: Kusz Monika , Bieniaś Beata , Wieczorkiewicz-Płaza Anna , Brodzisz Agnieszka , Wieczorek Paweł , Sikora Przemysław 
Published: February 2019

Abstract

Rationale:
Medullary sponge kidney (MSK) is a rare congenital abnormality characterized by cystic dilatation of the medullary collecting tubules. The disorder is likely to be complicated by nephrocalcinosis, urolithiasis, tubular dysfunctions, and urinary tract infections. In addition, it may be rarely associated with extrarenal anomalies.

Patient concern:
We present a case of 17-year old girl who was referred for metabolic evaluation of bilateral nephrocalcinosis. Physical examination showed signs of mild, left-sided hemihypertrophy involving the lower limb, buttock, trunk, face, and tongue. The imaging studies of kidneys including intravenous urography and contrast computed tomography showed numerous medullary calcification and a typical picture of MSK—“paint brush”/“bouquet of flowers” appearance of the dilated tubules within the renal medulla. Laboratory evaluation revealed sterile pyuria, hypercalciuria, and hypocitraturia.

Intervention:
The patient was subsequently treated with potassium citrate, hydrochlorothiazide, low sodium and low oxalate diet accompanied by high fluid intake. Outcomes: After a 1-year therapy the normalization of calciuria and citraturia occurred and no progression of nephrocalcinosis was observed.

Lessons:
We conclude that MSK should always be considered as a cause of nephrocalcinosis. Since the final diagnosis requires specific imaging techniques, the concomitant extrarenal abnormalities such as hemihypertrophy may facilitate diagnostic decisions.
Patient-controlled intravenous analgesia with tramadol and lornoxicam after thoracotomy
Authors: Jin Juying , Min Su , Chen Qibin , Zhang Dong 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
To determine efficacy and safety of patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) with tramadol and lornoxicam for postoperative analgesia, and its effects on surgical outcomes in patients following thoracotomy.
The records of patients who underwent thoracotomy for lung resection between January 2014 and December 2014 at our institution were reviewed. The patients were divided into 2 groups according to postoperative pain treatment modalities. Patients of the patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) group (n = 63), received PCEA with 0.2% ropivacaine plus 0.5 μg/mL sufentanil, while patients in the PCIA group (n = 48), received PCIA with 5 mg/mL tramadol and 0.4 mg/mL lornoxicam. Data were collected for the quality of pain control, incidences of analgesia related side effects and pulmonary complications, lengths of thoracic intensive care unit stay and postoperative hospital stay, and in-hospital mortality.
Pain at rest was always controlled well in both groups during the 4-day postoperative period. Patients in the PCIA group reported significantly higher pain scores on coughing and during mobilization in the first 2 postoperative days. The incidences of side effects and pulmonary complications, in-hospital mortality and other outcomes were similar between groups.
PCIA with tramadol and lornoxicam can be considered as a safe and effective alternative with respect to pain control and postoperative outcomes for patients underwent thoracotomy.
Pharmacologic interventions for postoperative nausea and vomiting after thyroidectomy
Authors: Cho Ye Jin , Choi Geun Joo , Kang Hyun 
Published: February 2019

Abstract

Background:
We aimed to perform a network meta-analysis (NMA) to quantify and rank the efficacy and safety of the pharmacologic interventions for prophylactic use for postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in patients undergoing thyroidectomies.

Methods:
A systematic and comprehensive search will be performed using MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), and Google Scholar, beginning from their inceptions to February 2019. Only randomized clinical trials on the efficacy and safety of pharmacologic interventions for prophylactic use in patients undergoing thyroidectomies will be included.
The primary endpoints will be the incidences of postoperative nausea (PON), postoperative vomiting (POV), and PONV in the early, middle, late, and overall phases. The severity of PON, POV, and PONV; the use of rescue antiemetics; the incidence of complete response; and safety issues, such as headache, dizziness, drowsiness, and constipation, will be also assessed.
We will conduct both pairwise meta-analysis and NMA. We will use surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) values and rankograms to present the hierarchy of pharmacologic interventions. A comparison-adjusted funnel plot will be used to assess the presence of small-study effects. The quality of the studies included will be assessed using the risk of bias tool 2.0. All statistical analyses will be performed using Stata SE version 15.0.

Results:
The results of this systematic review and NMA will be published in a peer-reviewed journal.

Conclusion:
This systematic review and NMA will provide a comprehensive and convincing evidence summary of prophylactic pharmacologic interventions for PONV after a thyroidectomy.

Trial registration number:
CRD42018100002.
Sarcopenia for predicting mortality among elderly nursing home residents
Authors: Yang Ming , Jiang Jiaojiao , Zeng Yanli , Tang Huairong 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Little is known about the prognostic value of the strength, assistance walking, rise from a chair, climb stairs, and falls questionnaire (SARC-F) and SARC-F combined with calf circumference (SARC-CalF) among elderly nursing home residents.
To compare the prognostic value of SARC-F and SARC-CalF for mortality in this population.
We conducted a prospective study in four nursing homes in western China. Sarcopenia was estimated using SARC-F and SARC-CalF, respectively. Nutrition status, activities of daily living, and other covariates were evaluated. The survival status was collected via medical records and telephone interviews at the 12th month after the baseline investigation. We used multivariate Cox proportional-hazard models to calculate the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for 1-year all-cause mortality by SARC-F-defined sarcopenia and SARC-CalF-defined sarcopenia, separately.
We included 329 participants (median age: 85 years). The prevalences of SARC-F-defined sarcopenia and SARC-CalF-defined sarcopenia were 39.8% and 46.8%, respectively. During the 1-year follow-up period, 73 participants (22.7%) died. The mortality was 29.0% and 18.3% in the participants with or without SARC-F-defined sarcopenia, respectively (P = .025). The mortality was 26.6% and 19.0% in the participants with or without SARC-CalF-defined sarcopenia, respectively (P = .105). After adjusted for the relevant confounders including malnutrition, SARC-F-defined sarcopenia was independently associated with an increased risk of 1-year mortality (adjusted HR: 2.08; 95% CI: 1.27–3.42). However, SARC-CalF-defined sarcopenia was not an independent predictor of 1-year mortality (adjusted HR: 1.54; 95% CI: 0.95–2.47).
Sarcopenia is highly prevalent in Chinese elderly nursing home residents according to SARC-F or SARC-CalF. SARC-F-defined sarcopenia appears to be better for predicting the 1-year mortality of Chinese nursing home residents than SARC-CalF-defined sarcopenia.
Acupuncture for perimenopausal depressive disorder
Authors: Feng Jialei , Wang Wei , Zhong Yuan , Xing Chonghui , Guo Taipin 
Published: February 2019

Abstract

Background:
Perimenopausal depressive disorder (PDD) is a disease that plagues many perimenopausal women. There is an urgent need for a safe way to treat the disease. With few side effects, acupuncture treatment for PDD has been gradually accepted. However, at present, the evidence is insufficient and relevant studies are not in-depth enough. The purpose of this study is to explore the efficacy and safety of acupuncture for PDD.

Methods:
All randomized controlled trials articles on acupuncture treatment of PDD will be searched in databases such as MEDLINE, EBASE, Cochrane Library, Springer, World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wan Fang, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, Chinese Scientific Journal Database and so on. Non-RCT articles will be screened and key information will be extracted. The primary outcome is the Hamilton depression scale. Second outcomes are the Hamilton anxiety scale, Quality of life scale, changes of symptoms in traditional Chinese medicine and hormone levels.

Results:
This systematic review will provide the highest level of evidence and provide an evaluation of the efficacy and safety of acupuncture for PDD.

Conclusion:
This study provides evidence for evaluating the efficacy and safety of acupuncture in the treatment of PDD.

PROSPERO registration number:
CRD42018115811.
Effects of traditional Chinese exercise on cognitive and psychological outcomes in older adults with mild cognitive impairment
Authors: Zhang Qi , Hu Jianan , Wei Lijiao , Cao Ri , Ma Ruishu , Song Huimin , Jin Yi 
Published: February 2019

Abstract

Background:
Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) can be a stage of pre-dementia. Although the traditional Chinese exercise (TCE) has benefits associated with cognitive functions, the effects of the TCE on cognitive functions of older patients with MCI remain controversial. This study performs a meta-analysis to quantify the efficiency of TCE for older individuals on cognitive and psychological outcomes.

Methods:
A comprehensive database search was conducted on PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), CINAHL (EBSCO), Web of Science, and four Chinese medical databases. We included trials published up to April 22, 2018, that fulfilled our inclusion and exclusion criteria. The literature was screened, the data were extracted and the methodological quality of the included trials was assessed. Meta-analyses were performed on the included data.

Results:
A total of 803 patients from 5 trials were included in our meta-analysis. Overall, there were no significant differences in global cognitive functions (P = .06), memory (P = .11), executive function (P = .74), Verbal fluency (P = .45) and depression (P = .89) between the TCE and the control groups. However, the TCE significantly improved the visuospatial function (SMD = 0.38, 95% CI = 0.22 to 0.54; P < .001) for individuals with MCI.

Conclusions:
The findings of this study suggested that the TCE was associated with significant improvement in visuospatial function but did not affect the global cognitive functions, depression and other specific cognitive domains. There is a lack of clear evidence for effects of TCE; further large, rigorously designed studies are needed.
Neurobiology of Photophobia
Authors: Burstein Rami , Noseda Rodrigo , Fulton Anne B. 
Published: February 2019

Background:
Photophobia is commonly associated with migraine, meningitis, concussion, and a variety of ocular diseases. Advances in our ability to trace multiple brain pathways through which light information is processed have paved the way to a better understanding of the neurobiology of photophobia and the complexity of the symptoms triggered by light.

Purpose:
The purpose of this review is to summarize recent anatomical and physiological studies on the neurobiology of photophobia with emphasis on migraine.

Recent Findings:
Observations made in blind and seeing migraine patients, and in a variety of animal models, have led to the discovery of a novel retino-thalamo-cortical pathway that carries photic signal from melanopsinergic and nonmelanopsinergic retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) to thalamic neurons. Activity of these neurons is driven by migraine and their axonal projections convey signals about headache and light to multiple cortical areas involved in the generation of common migraine symptoms. Novel projections of RGCs into previously unidentified hypothalamic neurons that regulate parasympathetic and sympathetic functions have also been discovered. Finally, recent work has led to a novel understanding of color preference in migraine-type photophobia and of the roles played by the retina, thalamus, and cortex.

Summary:
The findings provide a neural substrate for understanding the complexity of aversion to light in patients with migraine and neuro-ophthalmologic other disorders.
Optogenetic control reveals differential promoter interpretation of transcription factor nuclear translocation dynamics
Authors: Chen Susan Y. , Osimiri Lindsey C. , Chevalier Michael , Bugaj Lukasz J. , Ng Andrew H. , Stewart-Ornstein Jacob , Neves Lauren T. , El-Samad Hana 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe dynamic translocation of transcription factors (TFs) in and out of the nucleus is thought to encode information, such as the identity of a stimulus. A corollary is the idea that gene promoters can decode different dynamic TF translocation patterns. Testing this TF encoding/promoter decoding hypothesis requires tools that allow direct control of TF dynamics without the pleiotropic effects associated with general perturbations. In this work, we present CLASP (Controllable Light Activated Shuttling and Plasma membrane sequestration), a tool that enables precise, modular, and reversible control of TF localization using a combination of two optimized LOV2 optogenetic constructs. The first sequesters the cargo in the dark at the plasma membrane and releases it upon exposure to blue light, while light exposure of the second reveals a nuclear localization sequence that shuttles the released cargo to the nucleus. CLASP achieves minute-level resolution, reversible translocation of many TF cargos, large dynamic range, and tunable target gene expression. Using CLASP, we investigate the relationship between Crz1, a naturally pulsatile TF, and its cognate promoters. We establish that some Crz1 target genes respond more efficiently to pulsatile TF inputs than to continuous inputs, while others exhibit the opposite behavior. We show using computational modeling that efficient gene expression in response to short pulsing requires fast promoter activation and slow inactivation and that the opposite phenotype can ensue from a multi-stage promoter activation, where a transition in the first stage is thresholded. These data directly demonstrate differential interpretation of TF pulsing dynamics by different genes, and provide plausible models that can achieve these phenotypes.
Exosome-mediated MIR211 modulates tumor microenvironment via the DUSP6-ERK5 axis and contributes to BRAFV600E inhibitor resistance in melanoma
Authors: Lee Bongyong , Sahoo Anupama , Sawada Junko , Marchica John , Sahoo Sanjay , Layng Fabiana I. A. L. , Finlay Darren , Mazar Joseph , Joshi Piyush , Komatsu Masanobu , Vuori Kristiina , Powis Garth , de Jong Petrus R. , Ray Animesh , Perera Ranjan J. 
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACTThe microRNA MIR211 is an important regulator of melanoma tumor cell behavior. Previous studies suggested that in certain tumors, MIR211 acted as a tumor suppressor while in others it behaved as an oncogenic regulator. When MIR211 is expressed in BRAFV600E-mutant A375 melanoma cells in mouse xenografts, it promotes aggressive tumor growth accompanied by increased cellular proliferation and angiogenesis. We demonstrate that MIR211 is transferred to adjacent cells in the tumor micro-environment via exosomes. Cross-species genome-wide transcriptomic analysis showed that human tumor-derived MIR211 interacts with the mouse transcriptome in the tumor microenvironment, and activates ERK5 signaling in human tumor cells via the modulation of a feedback loop. Human miR211 directly inhibits human DUSP6 protein phosphatase at the post-transcriptional level. We provide support for the hypothesis that DUSP6 inhibition conferred resistance of the human tumor cells to the BRAF inhibitor vemurafenib and to the MEK inhibitor cobimetinib, with associated increases in ERK5 phosphorylation. These findings are consistent with a model in which MIR211 regulates melanoma tumor proliferation and BRAF inhibitor resistance by inducing ERK5 signaling within the complex tumor microenvironment. We propose that the MIR211-ERK5 axis represents an important and sensitive regulatory arm in melanoma with potential theranostic applications.
Expression changes confirm genomic variants predicted to result in allele-specific, alternative mRNA splicing
Authors: Mucaki Eliseos J. , Shirley Ben C. , Rogan Peter K. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractSplice isoform structure and abundance can be affected by either non-coding or masquerading coding variants that alter the structure or abundance of transcripts. When these variants are common in the population, these non-constitutive transcripts are sufficiently frequent so as to resemble naturally occurring, alternative mRNA splicing. Prediction of the effects of such variants has been shown to be accurate using information theory-based methods. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) predicted to significantly alter natural and/or cryptic splice site strength were shown to affect gene expression. Splicing changes for known SNP genotypes were confirmed in HapMap lymphoblastoid cell lines with gene expression microarrays and custom designed q-RT-PCR or TaqMan assays. The majority of these SNPs (15 of 22) as well as an independent set of 24 variants were then subjected to RNAseq analysis using the ValidSpliceMut web beacon (http://validsplicemut.cytognomix.com), which is based on data from the Cancer Genome Atlas and International Cancer Genome Consortium. SNPs from different genes analyzed with gene expression microarray and q-RT-PCR exhibited significant changes in affected splice site use. Thirteen SNPs directly affected exon inclusion and 10 altered cryptic site use. Homozygous SNP genotypes resulting in stronger splice sites exhibited higher levels of processed mRNA than alleles associated with weaker sites. Four SNPs exhibited variable expression among individuals with the same genotypes, masking statistically significant expression differences between alleles. Genome-wide information theory and expression analyses (RNAseq) in tumour exomes and genomes confirmed splicing effects for 7 of the HapMap SNP and 14 SNPs identified from tumour genomes. q-RT-PCR resolved rare splice isoforms with read abundance too low for statistical significance in ValidSpliceMut. Nevertheless, the web-beacon provides evidence of unanticipated splicing outcomes, for example, intron retention due to compromised recognition of constitutive splice sites. Thus, ValidSpliceMut and q-RT-PCR represent complementary resources for identification of allele-specific, alternative splicing.