bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
GAPcare: The Geriatric Acute and Post‐Acute Fall Prevention Intervention in the Emergency Department: Preliminary Data
Authors: Goldberg Elizabeth M. , Marks Sarah J. , Ilegbusi Aderonke , Resnik Linda , Strauss Daniel H. , Merchant Roland C. 
Published: October 2019

OBJECTIVESWe aimed to describe a new multidisciplinary team fall prevention intervention for older adults who seek care in the emergency department (ED) after having a fall, assess its feasibility and acceptability, and review lessons learned during its initiation.DESIGNSingle‐blind randomized controlled pilot study.SETTINGTwo urban academic EDsPARTICIPANTSAdults 65 years old or older (n = 110) who presented to the ED within 7 days of a fall.INTERVENTIONParticipants were randomized to a usual care (UC) and an intervention (INT) arm. Participants in the INT arm received a brief medication therapy management session delivered by a pharmacist and a fall risk assessment and plan by a physical therapist (PT). INT participants received referrals to outpatient services (eg, home safety evaluation, outpatient PT).MEASUREMENTSWe used participant, caregiver, and clinician surveys, as well as electronic health record review, to assess the feasibility and acceptability of the intervention.RESULTSOf the 110 participants, the median participant age was 81 years old, 67% were female, 94% were white, and 16.3% had cognitive impairment. Of the 55 in the INT arm, all but one participant received the pharmacy consult (98.2%); the PT consult was delivered to 83.6%. Median consult time was 20 minutes for pharmacy and 20 minutes for PT. ED length of stay was not increased in the INT arm: UC 5.25 hours vs INT 5.0 hours (P < .94). After receiving the Geriatric Acute and Post‐acute Fall Prevention Intervention (GAPcare), 100% of participants and 97.6% of clinicians recommended the pharmacy consult, and 95% of participants and 95.8% of clinicians recommended the PT consult.CONCLUSIONThese findings support the feasibility and acceptability of the GAPcare model in the ED. A future larger randomized controlled trial is planned to determine whether GAPcare can reduce recurrent falls and healthcare visits in older adults. J Am Geriatr Soc 68:198–206, 2019
Refinement, reliability and validity of the Time Capture Tool (TimeCaT) using the Omaha System to support data capture for time motion studies
Authors: Altiner Merve , Secginli Selda , Kang Yu Jin 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAimTo refine and assess the inter‐rater reliability and content validity of the embedded interface of nursing/midwifery activities in the Time Capture Tool (TimeCaT) using an interface terminology, the Omaha System.MethodsThis methodological study was conducted in two Family Health Centers (FHCs) in Turkey with a total of 13 nurses and midwives. In phase one, five nurses/midwives in a FHC were observed for a total of 80 hr, and 84 nursing/midwifery activities were generated and validated with 15 content experts. In phase two, the nursing/midwifery activities were mapped to the Omaha System and inter‐rater reliability of the mapping was assessed. The mapping was validated with seven content experts. The nursing/midwifery activities were embedded in the interface of the TimeCaT. In phase three, the embedded interface of the TimeCaT was evaluated while observing eight nurses and midwives in the other FHC.ResultsThe scale‐level content validity index was 0.98 for the generated activities in phase one and 0.96 for the mapped activities in phase two. Kappa statistics for inter‐rater reliability was 0.88 for Omaha System problems, 0.83 for categories and 0.83 for targets. The nursing/midwifery activities were adequately mapped to the Omaha System. The embedded interface of the TimeCaT has acceptable inter‐rater reliability and content validity values for using in the Turkish FHC context.ConclusionThe study results confirm that the TimeCaT using the Omaha System is a valid and reliable tool to measure nursing/midwifery workflow in FHC settings.
Post‐intensive care unit depression among critical care survivors: A nationwide population‐based study
Authors: Kang Jiyeon , Yun Seonyoung , Cho Young Shin , Jeong Yeon Jin 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAimTo investigate the incidence of post‐intensive care unit (ICU) depression and its risk factors among critical care survivors.MethodsThe study data were extracted from the database of the National Health Insurance Service of Korea. We retrospectively analyzed data from 161,977 adult patients who were admitted to the ICU for more than 24 hr from January 1, 2012 to December 31, 2014 and survived for more than 1 year after discharge. Risk factors for newly diagnosed depression (Code F32) were analyzed using multiple logistic regression analysis.ResultsThe incidence of post‐ICU depression was 18.5%. The major risk factors were enteral nutrition (odds ratio [OR] = 2.28, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.19–2.36), cerebrovascular disease (OR = 1.59, 95% CI = 1.54–1.64), and hemi/paraplegia (OR = 1.48, 95% CI = 1.41–1.56). It was observed that cardiopulmonary resuscitation (OR = 0.55, 95% CI = 0.50–0.61) and myocardial infarction (OR = 0.75, 95% CI = 0.71–0.79) lowered depression.ConclusionsThe incidence of post‐ICU depression was high and influenced by ICU treatment and physical impairments. Healthcare providers must pay attention to the psychological changes in survivors with major risk factors in the recovery process.
Effectiveness of a Social Media–Based, Health Literacy–Sensitive Diabetes Self‐Management Intervention: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Kim Su Hyun , Utz Sonja 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAimsThe purpose of the study was to evaluate the effects of a social media–based, health literacy–sensitive diabetes management intervention on patient activation, self‐care behaviors, and glucose control compared to telephone‐based, health literacy–sensitive diabetes management intervention and usual care. Additionally, this study aimed to identify how patient health literacy influenced the effectiveness of health literacy–sensitive diabetes management interventions.Design3 (treatment condition) × 2 (health literacy level) randomized factorial trial.MethodsIn total, 151 patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes were randomly assigned to the social media–based or telephone‐based, health literacy–sensitive diabetes management interventions or the usual care control. The health literacy–sensitive diabetes management intervention consisted of an initial face‐to‐face diabetes nurse education using easy‐to‐read educational materials, the teach‐back method, and eight weekly action‐planning sessions guided with the use of social media or phone calls for each group.FindingsPatients with high health literacy at the 9‐week follow‐up showed higher levels of patient activation than those with low health literacy in the control group, but the effect of health literacy was no longer significant when patients were provided with social media–based or telephone‐based interventions. Patients who received the telephone‐based, health literacy–sensitive diabetes management intervention had a significantly higher score for self‐care behaviors than the usual care control group at 9 weeks’ follow‐up. No other effects for self‐care behaviors or glycated hemoglobin were significant at follow‐up.ConclusionsThe social media–based, health literacy–sensitive diabetes management intervention was effective at mitigating the disadvantages faced by people with low health literacy when attempting to improve self‐care activation.Clinical RelevanceSocial media–based self‐management interventions accommodating low health literacy have the potential to help people overcome their disadvantages associated with low health literacy.
Role of Coping Styles in the Relationship Between Nurses’ Work Stress and Well‐Being Across Career
Authors: Jang Mi Heui , Gu So Yeon , Jeong Yoo Mi 
Published: October 2019

AbstractObjectivesThis study examines the mediating role of stress coping styles—problem‐focused coping and emotion‐focused coping—on the relationship between work stress and psychological well‐being in clinical nurses according to career experience.MethodsA cross‐sectional survey design was used. Data were collected from February to March 2016. The study population was composed of 399 nurses working at two university hospitals with over 500 beds located in Seoul and Gyeonggi‐do in South Korea. Self‐report questionnaires were administered to measure work stress (Work Stress Scale), stress coping styles (Korean version of The Ways of Coping Checklist Scale), and psychological well‐being (Ryff’s Psychological Well‐being Scale). A multiple‐group path analysis was performed using SPSS version 21.0.ResultsIn the path model analysis (N = 399), work stress directly influenced psychological well‐being. Both problem‐focused coping and emotion‐focused coping were indirectly influenced in the relationship between work stress and psychological well‐being. In the group of nurses with 3 years or less of career experience (n = 202), work stress was significantly related to psychological well‐being. Only emotion‐focused coping exerted a partial mediating effect on the relationship between work stress and psychological well‐being. On the other hand, in the group of nurses with over 3 years of career experience (n = 197), work stress was not significantly related to psychological well‐being. Both problem‐focused coping and emotion‐focused coping exerted a full mediating effect on the relationship between work stress and psychological well‐being.Conclusions and Clinical RelevanceThis study’s path analysis displayed a distinct pathway in the relationships among work stress, stress coping styles, and psychological well‐being between nurses with 3 years or less and nurses with over 3 years of experience. The intervention with decreasing work stress and emotion‐focused coping could be effective for nurses with less career experience, whereas the intervention with focusing on improving emotion‐ and problem‐focused coping could be effective for nurses with more career experience. The practical implications of the results suggest that nurses need different stress management programs according to their career experience, as the appropriate use of stress coping styles would improve the psychological well‐being of nurses as influenced by their work stress.
Improvements in satisfaction with skin after treatment of facial fine lines with VYC‐12 injectable gel: Patient‐reported outcomes from a prospective study
Authors: Ogilvie Patricia , Safa Marva , Chantrey Jonquille , Leys Christophe , Cavallini Maurizio , Niforos Francois , Hopfinger René , Marx Ann 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundVYC‐12, a hyaluronic acid injectable gel, is designed to treat fine lines and provides improvements in other skin quality attributes. A prospective study demonstrated the safety and effectiveness of VYC‐12 for the improvement of fine lines as measured by changes in skin texture.AimsTo evaluate patient‐reported outcomes in subjects treated intradermally with VYC‐12 in the cheeks, forehead, and neck (optional) in the prospective study.MethodsSubjects received an initial treatment of VYC‐12 (N = 131), with a touch‐up treatment, if deemed necessary, offered 30 days later, and optional repeat treatment 9 months after initial or touch‐up treatment. Subjects completed the FACE‐Q Satisfaction With Skin scale and assessed willingness to recommend treatment to a friend at baseline, months 1, 4, 6, and 9, and month 1 after repeat treatment. Subjects also evaluated their return to normal daily social activities.ResultsSatisfaction with skin improved from baseline in 90.8% of subjects at month 1, 88.4% at month 4, 83.6% at month 6, 76.4% at month 9, and 91.9% at month 1 after repeat treatment (P < .001, all time points). At least 94% of subjects returned to normal daily social activities one day after treatment (initial, touch‐up, or repeat). More than 80% of subjects said they would recommend treatment to a friend at all time points through month 9 (97% at month 1 after repeat treatment).ConclusionTreatment with VYC‐12 significantly improved satisfaction with skin in the majority of subjects, with most subjects returning to normal activities 1 day after treatment.
Fructose metabolism as a common evolutionary pathway of survival associated with climate change, food shortage and droughts
Authors: Johnson R. J. , Stenvinkel P. , Andrews P. , Sánchez‐Lozada L. G. , Nakagawa T. , Gaucher E. , Andres‐Hernando A. , Rodriguez‐Iturbe B. , Jimenez C. R. , Garcia G. , Kang D.‐H. , Tolan D. R. , Lanaspa M. A. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractMass extinctions occur frequently in natural history. While studies of animals that became extinct can be informative, it is the survivors that provide clues for mechanisms of adaptation when conditions are adverse. Here, we describe a survival pathway used by many species as a means for providing adequate fuel and water, while also providing protection from a decrease in oxygen availability. Fructose, whether supplied in the diet (primarily fruits and honey), or endogenously (via activation of the polyol pathway), preferentially shifts the organism towards the storing of fuel (fat, glycogen) that can be used to provide energy and water at a later date. Fructose causes sodium retention and raises blood pressure and likely helped survival in the setting of dehydration or salt deprivation. By shifting energy production from the mitochondria to glycolysis, fructose reduced oxygen demands to aid survival in situations where oxygen availability is low. The actions of fructose are driven in part by vasopressin and the generation of uric acid. Twice in history, mutations occurred during periods of mass extinction that enhanced the activity of fructose to generate fat, with the first being a mutation in vitamin C metabolism during the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction (65 million years ago) and the second being a mutation in uricase that occurred during the Middle Miocene disruption (12–14 million years ago). Today, the excessive intake of fructose due to the availability of refined sugar and high‐fructose corn syrup is driving ‘burden of life style’ diseases, including obesity, diabetes and high blood pressure.
Understanding the Value of Patientview for Enabling Self‐Care Practice in Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Hudson Claire , Darking Mary , Cox Jane 
Published: October 2019

SUMMARYBackgroundIndividual responsibility and self‐care are seen as ways to overcome some of the challenges for long‐term health care provision. Patients are being encouraged to take an active role in their health care. Access to health information via a web‐based, patient‐facing portal is an innovative way to engage in self‐care. PatientView is one such portal, which was developed to allow patients with kidney disease access to parts of their health record. It was thought that the use of PatientView would improve self‐care activity but there was little evidence to support this claim.ObjectiveTo gain an understanding of how patients with kidney disease use PatientView in their self‐care practice.ParticipantsSix users and four non‐users of PatientView.DesignQualitative, semi‐structured interviews and participant observation.ApproachA practice‐based approach was used to collect qualitative data to better understand how patients use PatientView in daily life to enable self‐care. Participants were invited to “show the researcher” how they use PatientView and to describe how they translated the information into actions of self‐care. Inductive analysis was used to identify themes.ResultsThe analysis identified four key themes, which were non‐linear inter‐related. Patients engage with PatientView because it supports ways of knowing that are of direct importance to self‐care activity. Patients interact with PatientView and translate the information they gain from using it into actions that support self‐care. A consequence of engaging with PatientView is that patients can involve their family more in their care and this helps to reduce the burden on health care professionals.ConclusionPatient interactions with PatientView are inter‐related, multi‐dimensional and differ according to the individual's positioning within a continuum of care. Nonetheless, these interactions can be captured and doing so provides a basis for understanding of how patients create and sustain opportunities for care through information technology.
From physical to emotional pain in chronic kidney disease: Nurses' perceptions
Authors: Pedreira Robles Guillermo , Aguayo‐González Mariela Patricia 
Published: October 2019

SUMMARYBackgroundChanges in body image are a recurring theme in the literature on chronic kidney disease (CKD). There is insufficient evidence identifying nurses' perceptions of this topic.ObjectiveTo explore nurses' perceptions of changes in the bodies of persons with CKD.DesignPhenomenological study.MethodsData were collected by semi‐structured interviews with nephrology nurses selected through pragmatic sampling until data saturation. The interviews were transcribed and analyzed using the seven phases of Colazzi.FindingsInformation saturation was achieved with six nurses. Coexisting elements were found between the physical and emotional impact of CKD, and therefore the data were organised into a central theme: “From physical to emotional pain in the individual's body”. This central theme was defined by seven subthemes that describe the coexistence of these two physical and emotional spheres, giving rise to the appearance of important meanings in the changes occurring in the bodies of individuals diagnosed with CKD. These meanings included stigma, dysfunctionality, emotional pain, the feeling of slavery, lack of information, taboo and hope.ConclusionsIn the nurses' perspective, the changes occurring in the bodies of people with CKD can transcend the physical sphere and acquire more complex meanings. Nurses have a unique insight into these complex meanings, which include all the domains of the person, and which have important implications for daily practice.Implications for practicNurses should have specialised training in providing effective responses to patients' emotional needs. It is also important to incorporate professional profiles that support nursing interventions
Exercise before bed does not impact sleep inertia in young healthy males
Authors: Vincent Grace E. , Sargent Charli , Roach Gregory D. , Miller Dean J. , Kovac Katya , Scanlan Aaron T. , Waggoner Lauren B. , Lastella Michele 
Published: October 2019

AbstractSleep inertia is the transitional state marked by impaired cognitive performance and reduced vigilance upon waking. Exercising before bed may increase the amount of slow‐wave sleep within the sleep period, which has previously been associated with increased sleep inertia. Healthy males (n = 12) spent 3 nights in a sleep laboratory (1‐night washout period between each night) and completed one of the three conditions on each visit – no exercise, aerobic exercise (30 min cycling at 75% heart rate), and resistance exercise (six resistance exercises, three sets of 10 repetitions). The exercise conditions were completed 90 min prior to bed. Sleep was measured using polysomnography. Upon waking, participants completed five test batteries every 15 min, including the Karolinska Sleepiness Scale, a Psychomotor Vigilance Task, and the Spatial Configuration Task. Two separate linear mixed‐effects models were used to assess: (a) the impact of condition; and (b) the amount of slow‐wave sleep, on sleep inertia. There were no significant differences in sleep inertia between conditions, likely as a result of the similar sleep amount, sleep structure and time of awakening between conditions. The amount of slow‐wave sleep impacted fastest 10% reciprocal reaction time on the Psychomotor Vigilance Task only, whereby more slow‐wave sleep improved performance; however, the magnitude of this relationship was small. Results from this study suggest that exercise performed 90 min before bed does not negatively impact on sleep inertia. Future studies should investigate the impact of exercise intensity, duration and timing on sleep and subsequent sleep inertia.
Ear‐EEG‐based sleep scoring in epilepsy: A comparison with scalp‐EEG
Authors: Jørgensen Sofie D. , Zibrandtsen Ivan C. , Kjaer Troels W. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractEar‐EEG is a wearable electroencephalogram‐recording device. It relies on recording electrodes that are nested within a custom‐fitted earpiece in the external ear canal. The concept has previously been tested for seizure detection in epileptic patients and for sleep recordings in a healthy population. This study is the first to examine the use of ear‐EEG recordings for sleep staging in patients with epilepsy, comparing it with standard recordings from scalp‐EEG. We use individuals with epilepsy because of their multiple sleep disturbances, and their complex relationship between seizures and sleep, which make this group very likely to benefit from wearable electroencephalogram devices for sleep if it were introduced in the clinic. The accuracy of the ear‐EEG against that of the scalp‐EEG is compared for sleep staging, and we evaluate features of sleep architecture in individuals with epilepsy. A mean kappa value of 0.74 is found for the agreement between hypnograms derived from ear‐EEG and scalp‐EEG. Furthermore, it was discovered that sleep stage transition frequency could be contributing to the kappa variation. These findings are related to other ear‐recording systems in the literature, and the potentials and future obstacles of the device are discussed.
Nationalisms and the Orthodox worlds
Authors: Malešević Siniša 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis review article explores the role nationalism has played in the world dominated by the Eastern Orthodox Churches. The focus is on the recent contributions of Paschalis Kitromilides who has written extensively on this topic. The article assesses the four books dealing with the relationship between religion, politics, Enlightenment and nationalism in the Balkans and Eastern Europe. The analysis emphasises the complex and contradictory relationship between nationalisms and the Orthodox Churches pointing to the profound transformation that has taken the place in this relationship over the last 250 years.
Association between oral candidiasis and bacterial pneumonia: A retrospective study
Authors: Nakajima Masato , Umezaki Yojiro , Takeda Satoshi , Yamaguchi Masahiro , Suzuki Nao , Yoneda Masahiro , Hirofuji Takao , Sekitani Hiroko , Yamashita Yuichi , Morita Hiromitsu 
Published: October 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate associated risk factors for oral candidiasis in elderly patients hospitalized in a community‐based acute‐care hospital with no dental units.MethodsTwo hundred and twenty‐eight elderly patients (male: 105, female: 123), who were hospitalized with several systemic diseases in a community‐based acute‐care hospital from May 2014 to October 2016, were retrospectively analysed by multiple logistic regression.ResultsMultiple logistic regression analysis shows that bacterial pneumonia has a statistically strong relationship with oral candidiasis (p = 0.000, OR: 5.173, 95% CI: 2.368–11.298). The order followed is poor oral hygiene (p = 0.001, OR: 6.095, 95% CI: 2.003–18.545) and severe dry mouth (p = 0.043, OR: 2.507, 95% CI: 1.031–6.098). Other correlated factors including diabetes mellitus, denture wearer, dysphagia, malnutrition, requiring care and use of inhalation steroids, were not statistically significant in this study.ConclusionsBacterial pneumonia correlates with oral candidiasis.