bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
India and the Nation-State Model
Authors: Chakraborty Debtanu 
Published: August 2019

India was pushed to call itself a nation to achieve independence from British. Although many still try to identify possible nationalities inside India, it is forgotten that nation is a very recent phenomenon with its root in Biblical traditions. Through the diverse voices that conceptualized a free India during colonial times, it becomes clear that Indians did not try to make a nation and sometimes actively abhorred the European conception of race as nations. They rather saw and described India using markers from the civilization itself.
The Predictive Value of Early-Life Trauma, Psychopathy, and the Testosterone–Cortisol Ratio for Impulsive Aggression Problems in Veterans
Authors: Korpel Pauline O. J. , Varkevisser Tim , Hoppenbrouwers Sylco S. , Van Honk Jack , Geuze Elbert 
Published: August 2019

Background In this study, we examined whether early-life trauma, psychopathy, and the testosterone/cortisol ratio predicted impulsive aggression problems in veterans. Method A sample of 49 male veterans with impulsive aggression problems and 51 nonaggressive veterans were included in the study. Logistic regression analysis was performed with early-life trauma, primary and secondary psychopathy, and testosterone/cortisol ratio as continuous predictor variables; impulsive aggression status was entered as a binary outcome measure. Correlation analyses were conducted to examine pairwise relations among the predictors. Results Results indicated that early-life trauma and secondary psychopathy, but not the testosterone/cortisol ratio or primary psychopathy, were significant predictors of impulsive aggression status. Conclusions The current results indicate that early-life trauma and secondary psychopathy are risk factors for impulsive aggression problems among veterans. Future studies are needed to determine the exact causal relations among the variables examined here.
Gender Differences in Psoriatic Arthritis With Fatigue, Pain, Function, and Work Disability
Authors: Braaten Tawnie J. , Zhang Chong , Presson Angela P. , Breviu Brian , Clegg Daniel , Walsh Jessica A. 
Published: August 2019

Introduction/Objectives: Gender is an important patient characteristic that may be used to predict clinical presentation, disease progression, and therapeutic response. In recent studies, women with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) have reported less favorable function, increased fatigue, and decreased quality of life, compared to men. Less is known about gender differences with other patient-reported outcomes (PROs) such as pain and work limitations. Our purpose was to characterize gender differences in PROs in participants of the Utah Psoriasis Initiative (UPI) Arthritis Registry. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, PROs assessing pain, fatigue, quality of life, and function were compared between men and women enrolled in the UPI Arthritis Registry between January 2010 and November 2014. Work limitations were assessed in the subset of participants working for pay at the time of enrollment. Results: Participants included 115 men and 138 women. Women had less favorable PROs for pain, fatigue, patient-reported joint count, physical demands at work, work output, and function, as measured by both Health Assessment Questionnaire and the Psoriatic Arthritis Screening and Evaluation function subscale. Conclusions: Women experienced PsA differently than men, with higher fatigue, pain, work disability, and functional limitations. The etiology of the gender differences in PsA are unclear, and further research is indicated to better understand the role of hormones, gene expression, and other potential pathophysiologic differences between men and women.
Lentiviral and genome-editing strategies for the treatment of β-hemoglobinopathies
Authors: Magrin Elisa , Miccio Annarita , Cavazzana Marina 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This review article summarizes the clinical outcomes and genotoxicity issues of gene therapy for hemoglobinopathies based on lentiviral vectors carrying a β-globin–like gene or genome editing to correct the erythropoietic defect.
ALI multilayered co-cultures mimic biochemical mechanisms of the cancer cell-fibroblast cross-talk involved in NSCLC MultiDrug Resistance
Authors: Movia Dania , Bazou Despina , Prina-Mello Adriele 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundLung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. This study focuses on its most common form, Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC). No cure exists for advanced NSCLC, and patient prognosis is extremely poor. Efforts are currently being made to develop effective inhaled NSCLC therapies. However, at present, reliable preclinical models to support the development of inhaled anti-cancer drugs do not exist. This is due to the oversimplified nature of currently available in vitro models, and the significant interspecies differences between animals and humans.MethodsWe have recently established 3D Multilayered Cell Cultures (MCCs) of human NSCLC (A549) cells grown at the Air-Liquid Interface (ALI) as the first in vitro tool for screening the efficacy of inhaled anti-cancer drugs. Here, we present an improved in vitro model formed by growing A549 cells and human fibroblasts (MRC-5 cell line) as an ALI multilayered co-culture. The model was characterized over 14-day growth and tested for its response to four benchmarking chemotherapeutics.ResultsALI multilayered co-cultures showed an increased resistance to the four drugs tested as compared to ALI multilayered mono-cultures. The signalling pathways involved in the culture MultiDrug Resistance (MDR) were influenced by the cancer cell-fibroblast cross-talk, which was mediated through TGF-β1 release and subsequent activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. As per in vivo conditions, when inhibiting mTOR phosphorylation, MDR was triggered by activation of the MEK/ERK pathway activation and up-regulation in cIAP-1/2 expression.ConclusionsOur study opens new research avenues for the development of alternatives to animal-based inhalation studies, impacting the development of anti-NSCLC drugs.
Search Personalization Using Machine Learning
Authors: Yoganarasimhan Hema 
Published: August 2019

Firms typically use query-based search to help consumers find information/products on their websites. We consider the problem of optimally ranking a set of results shown in response to a query. We propose a personalized ranking mechanism based on a user’s search and click history. Our machine-learning framework consists of three modules: (a) feature generation, (b) normalized discounted cumulative gain–based LambdaMART algorithm, and (c) feature selection wrapper. We deploy our framework on large-scale data from a leading search engine using Amazon EC2 servers and present results from a series of counterfactual analyses. We find that personalization improves clicks to the top position by 3.5% and reduces the average error in rank of a click by 9.43% over the baseline. Personalization based on short-term history or within-session behavior is shown to be less valuable than long-term or across-session personalization. We find that there is significant heterogeneity in returns to personalization as a function of user history and query type. The quality of personalized results increases monotonically with the length of a user’s history. Queries can be classified based on user intent as transactional, informational, or navigational, and the former two benefit more from personalization. We also find that returns to personalization are negatively correlated with a query’s past average performance. Finally, we demonstrate the scalability of our framework and derive the set of optimal features that maximizes accuracy while minimizing computing time. This paper was accepted by Juanjuan Zhang, marketing.
LEVANTAMENTO DE COVS E SCOVS NA ÁGUA SUBTERRÂNEA DA SUBBACIA DO RIO ESTRELA, SARACURUNA -RJ
Authors: Silva Cleber Vitorio , Silva Karina Arruda , Abreu Luiz Alberto Santos , Donadia Wagner Campos Rodrigo , Almeida Josimar Ribeiro , Lenz Elenice Rachid da Silva , Esper Fabio José 
Published: August 2019

Os níveis de compostos xenobióticos despejados nos ambientes aquáticos, vêm aumentado de forma alarmante como resultado da atividade antropogênica sobre o meio ambiente. Os VOCs (compostos orgânicos voláteis) e SVOCs (compostos orgânicos semi-voláteis) representam um risco a saúde humana e animal, tendo como principal porta de entrada no meio ambiente a atividade antropogênica sobre os ecossistemas.As águas subterrâneas de regiões próximas a cidades, industrias, rodovias, empreendimentos imobiliários, garimpos, lixões e habitações humanas apresentam diversas alterações quanto as concentrações permitidas por lei para VOCs e SVOCs. Para esta realidade ambiental deletéria, a subbacia do rio Estrela, localizada no município de Caxias possui um longo histórico de contaminação por compostos orgânicos, em face as atividades antrópicas sobre a região. Grande parte da população local usa as águas subterrâneas da região para consumo humano, animal e em atividades agrícolas, com isso foi realizado a sondagem das águas subterrâneas visando levantar sua toxicidade quanto a concentração de VOCs e SVOCs em referência a Resolução Conama nº420, de 28 de Dezembro de 2009. Para os VOCs (1,2-dicloroetano, cloreto de vinila e tetracloreto de carbono) e SVOCs (aldrin, dieldrin, beta BHC, endrin,Benzo(a)antraceno, Benzo(a)pireno, Dibenzo(a,h)antraceno, Hexaclorobenzeno e Indeno(1,2,3-cd)pireno) para um delineamento amostral de 5 pontos na subbacia do rio Estrela, foram constatadas concentrações próximas as consideradas de risco em face a resolução no CONAMA 420/09, sendo notório o risco que estas águas subterrâneas oferecem para a população e o meio ambiente.
Characterization of Proximal Small Intestinal Microbiota in Patients With Suspected Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Shin Andrea S. , Gao Xiang , Bohm Matthew , Lin Huaiying , Gupta Anita , Nelson David E. , Toh Evelyn , Teagarden Sean , Siwiec Robert , Dong Qunfeng , Wo John M. 
Published: August 2019

OBJECTIVES:
The composition of the small intestinal microbiota has not yet been characterized thoroughly using culture-independent techniques. We compared small intestinal microbial communities in patients with and without small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) using culture-dependent and culture-independent bacterial identification approaches.

METHODS:
Small bowel aspirate and mucosal samples were collected from patients with suspected SIBO. The aspirates were cultured to diagnose SIBO, defined as ≥104 colony-forming units/mL coliform or ≥105 colony-forming units/mL upper aerodigestive tract bacteria. Bacteria in the aspirates and mucosa were identified using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. We compared small intestinal microbiome composition between groups with and without a culture-based SIBO diagnosis.

RESULTS:
Analysis of the aspirate and mucosal microbial communities from 36 patients revealed decreased α-diversity but no differences in β-diversity in patients with SIBO compared with those without SIBO. There were no significant differences in the relative abundance of individual taxa from the aspirates or mucosa after adjustment for false discovery rate between patients with and without SIBO. Subgroup analysis revealed significant differences in mucosal β-diversity between the coliform and upper aerodigestive tract subgroups. Relative abundances of a mucosal Clostridium spp. (P = 0.05) and an aspirate Granulicatella spp. (P = 0.02) were higher in coliform SIBO vs non-SIBO subgroups. The microbial composition and relative abundance of multiple taxa significantly differed in the mucosal and aspirate specimens.

DISCUSSION:
Culture-based results of small bowel aspirates do not correspond to aspirate microbiota composition but may be associated with species richness of the mucosal microbiota.
Cognition On Tap
Authors: Steinhoff James 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The thriving contemporary form of artificial intelligence (AI) called machine learning is often represented sensationally in popular media as a semi-mystical technology. Machine learning systems are frequently ascribed anthropomorphic capacities for learning, emoting and reasoning which, it is suggested, might lead to the alleviation of humanity’s woes. One critical reaction to such sensational proclamations has been to focus on the mundane reality of contemporary machine learning as mere inductive prediction based on statistical generalizations, albeit with surprisingly powerful abilities (Pasquinelli 2017). While the deflationist reaction is a necessary reply to sensationalist agitation, adequate comprehension of modern AI cannot be achieved while neglecting its material and social context. One does not have to subscribe wholeheartedly to the social construction of technology thesis1 to allow that the development and evolution of technologies are influenced by social factors. For AI, the most important aspect of the current social context is arguably capital, which increasingly dominates AI research and production. One former computer science professor describes a “giant sucking sound of [AI] academics going into industry” (Metz 2017). This paper introduces capital’s theory of AI as utility and initiates a discussion on its social consequences. First, I discuss utilities and their infrastructures and introduce a few critical thoughts on the topic. Second, I situate modern AI by way of a brief history. Third, I detail capital’s view of AI as a utility and the technical details underpinning it. Fourth, I sketch how AI as a utility frames a social problematic beyond the important issues of algorithmic bias and the automation of work. I do so by extrapolating from one consequence of AI as a utility which multiple capitalist firms predict: the curation of human subjectivities.
IMF İstikrar Politikaları ve Stand-By Anlaşmalarını Gerekli Kılan Nedenler Açısından Türkiye IMF İlişkileri
Authors: İNAN Mahmut 
Published: August 2019

Küreselleşme süreci ile birlikte gelişmiş ülkeler gelişmekte olan
ülkeler üzerindeki baskılarını artırarak ilgili ülkelerin ekonomik ve sosyal
politikalarına doğrudan yön verebilme imkanına sahip olmuşlardır. Genel
çerçevesi genellikle gelişmiş ülkeler tarafından belirlenen söz konusu
politikaların uygulanmasında bir takım küresel kuruluşlar etkili olmaktadır. Kapsamı
ve etkileri bakımından belki de söz
konusu kuruluşlardan en önemlisi iktisadi
ve mali bir form ve içerikle şekillenen IMF’dir. Özellikle
gelişmekte olan ülkelerin ekonomi politikalarının güven sorunu yaşaması, makro
ekonomik göstergelerdeki bozulmalar, yapısal sorunların derinleşmesi ve tüm bu
sorunların borçları ve dış dengeyi sürdürülemez hale getirmesi söz konusu
ülkeler için IMF ile bir işbirliğini kaçınılmaz hale getirmektedir. IMF ise ilgili
ülkelere ekonomik istikrarsızlıkların giderilmesinde yardım ve desteklerde
bulunurken bazı kriterlerin yerine getirilmesini şart koşmaktadır. Bu şartlar
ise Stand-by anlaşmaları çerçevesinde yapılmaktadır. Türkiye’nin 1961 yılında ilk
Stand-by anlaşması ile başlayan IMF ilişkileri 2005 yılında son Stand-by
anlaşması ve 2015 yılında borçların bitirilmesi ile sona ermiştir.
Şeyh Cemâleddin’in Vefatı Üzerine Yeniceli Sıdkî Baba’nın Yazmış Olduğu Şiirler
Authors: Demirel Şener , KÖKÇÜ Yelda 
Published: August 2019

Eski
Türk şiirinde sagu, Klasik Türk edebiyatında mersiye ve Türk Halk şiirinde ise
ağıt olarak nitelenen şiirler, çoğunlukla ölen bir kişinin ardından onun
yokluğuna duyulan üzüntü ve acıları, onun iyilik, kahramanlık ve cömertlik gibi
çeşitli meziyetlerini anlatan şiirlerdir. Türk
şiir tarihinde ölen bir kişi için aynı kişi tarafından söylenmiş 76 şiir yok
denecek kadar azdır. Alevî-Bektaşî Edebiyatının önde gelen şahsiyetlerinden
biri olan Yeniceli Sıdkî Baba, şeyhi Şeyh Cemâledin Efendi’nin vefatı üzerine
duygularını birbirinden farklı 76 şiirde dile getirmiştir. Sanatçı söz konusu
şiirlerin 18’inde Sıdkî mahlasını kullanmış; geri kalan şiirleri ise çeşitli
kişiler ağzından söylemiştir. Doküman incelemesi
yönteminin kullanıldığı bu çalışmada şiirler önce biçim açısından incelenmiş;
daha sonra ise içerik incelemesi bağlamında Sıdkî Baba’nın gözünden Şeyh
Cemâleddin Efendi’nin vefatının hangi tasavvurlara konu edinildiği
araştırılmıştır.
Adıyaman İli ve Yöresi Ağızlarında Fiil Kiplerinin Kullanımı
Authors: YAVUZ Serdar , TABCU Haki 
Published: August 2019

Bu çalışmada, Adıyaman İli ve Yöresi Ağızları adlı eserden yola çıkılarak yöre ağzında basit ve birleşik zamanlı fiil kiplerinin kullanımı ve kip eklerinin standart Türkçeden farklı şekilleri örneklerle ortaya konmuştur. Ayrıca eserde bulunan 109 adet derleme metni incelenerek her metnin ilgili bölümleri “Anılar”, “Kişisel Bilgiler”, “Gelenek ve Görenekler”, “Yeme İçme Kültürü”, “Sosyal Hayat ve Gündelik Yaşam”, “Geçim Kaynakları”, “Masal, Hikaye ve Evliyalar” başlıkları altında gruplanmıştır. Bu grupların her birinde fiil kiplerinin kullanım sıklıkları sayısal olarak belirlenmiş ve istatistikler sekiz adet tabloda yüzdelik olarak ortaya konmuştur. Bu şekilde konu-fiil kipi ilişkisi incelenmiştir. Sonuç olarak Türkçe fiil kiplerinin Adıyaman yöresinde hangi şekillerde kullanıldığı ve bu kiplerin derleme konularıyla anlamsal ilişkileri belirlenmiştir.
Kumral Ada Mavi Tuna Romanında Aşk ve Savaş Söyleminden Parçalar
Authors: ÇAKMAKCI Selami 
Published: August 2019

Buket Uzuner, Kumral Ada Mavi Tuna romanında Türkiye’nin yakın geçmişindeki çıkmazlardan olan
toplumsal çatışmaları konu alır. Tuna ve sevdiği kız Ada etrafında şekillenen eserde, insanın en büyük savaşının kendi iç dünyasındaki savaş
olduğu dikkati çeker. Toplumsal
kırılmalar, ölümler ve aşk ilişkilerindeki hayal kırıklıklarının birbirini
takip ettiği romanda, birçok kahraman toplumsal iç savaşla birlikte ruhsal bir
savaş da yaşar. Roman, başkişi Tuna’nın ruhsal savaşı olarak
metne yansımış olsa da birçok kahraman iç dünyasında kendisiyle, dış dünyada
ise toplumla savaş halindedir. Romanda
aşk, toplumsal gerginlikler sırasında birçok insan için
en büyük nefes alma imkânıdır. Romandaki birçok karakter, kültürel ve toplumsal
çatışmalarından, önyargılarından aşkın verdiği imkânla kurtulur. Romanda aşk ve
savaş konusunda, söylem düzeyinde güçlü parçalar metne büyük zenginlik katar.
Atebetü’l-Hakayık’da Yer Alan Bilgi ve Konuşma Âdâbı Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme
Authors: İNCE Ömer 
Published: August 2019

Karahanlı
Dönemi Türkçesi eserlerinden biri olan Atabetü’l-Hakayık yalnızca Türk
Edebiyatı tarihi bakımından değil, aynı zamanda Türk sosyo-kültürel hayatı,
Türk dil ve kültür arkeolojisi açısından da önemli bir kaynaktır. Karahanlılar
(840-1212) döneminde Edib Ahmed b. Yüknekî tarafından yazılmış olan eser,
“Muhammed İspehsâlar Beg” namına yazılmış ve kendisine sunulmuştur. Bu eser
İslâmiyet sonrası Türk dili ve edebiyatının ilk eserlerinden biri olup edebiyat
tarihinin didaktik eserlerindendir. Eser aynı zamanda İslâmın kabulünden sonra
toplumsal hayatta gözlenen Sosyo-kültürel değişimin yanında değişen edebî dilin
esere yansımasını göstermesi açısından da önemlidir. Kutadgu Bilig’de dikkat çeken millî
karakterin, bu eserde dinî bir karaktere bürünerek devam ettiği görülür. Eseri sözcük hazinesi olarak ele aldığımızda
kendinden önce yazılan Kutadgu Biligden daha fazla Arapça ve Farsça sözcük
içerdiği görülür. Bunun sebebi zamanla İslâm dininin dolayısıyla Arapça ve
Farsçanın önce topluma sonra da Türkçeye olan etkisidir.
Quasi-Monte Carlo method for solving Fredholm equations
Authors: Sobol I. M. , Shukhman B. V. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
A Monte Carlo method used for the estimation of convergent von Neumann series solutions of a Fredholm equation of second kind is considered.
The sum

z

(
d
)

⁢

(
x
)

{z^{(d)}(x)}

of d initial terms of the von Neumann series estimating the solution

z
⁢

(
x
)

{z(x)}

of the equation is represented as a d-dimensional integral over the unit cube

H
d

{H_{d}}

.
This note presents three examples calculating

z

(
d
)

⁢

(
x
)

{z^{(d)}(x)}

for different kernels with norms

∥
K
∥

<
1

{\lVert K\rVert<1}

.
We found that

z

(
d
)

⁢

(
x
)

{z^{(d)}(x)}

calculated using a quasi-Monte Carlo (QMC) method converges significantly faster than the corresponding Monte Carlo (MC) estimates in the entire range of

∥
K
∥

{\lVert K\rVert}

values.
We also found that the average dimension

d
^

{\hat{d}}

of the integrand in all our examples is small, less than 3.
We suggest that the average dimensions

d
^

{\hat{d}}

of our d-dimensional integrands are bounded as

d
→
∞

{d\to\infty}

.
Crystal structure of poly[(μ2-9H-carbazole-3,6-dicarboxylate-κ4
O
1,O
2:O
3,O
4)(μ2-1,3-di(pyridin-4-yl)propane-κ2
N:N′
)cadmium(II)]monohydrate, C27H23N3O5Cd
Authors: Wang Daguang , Li Wei , Sun Yabin 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
C27H23N3O5Cd, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 9.6161(7) Å, b = 16.5427(11) Å, c = 15.8900(11) Å, β = 105.653(1)°, V = 2434.0(3) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0327, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0828, T = 152(2) K.
Crystal structure of the co-crystal N,N′-bis(4-pyridylmethyl)oxalamide and 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-1,4-di-iodobenzene (1/1), C14H14N4O2⋅C6F4I2
Authors: Tan Sang Loon , Tiekink Edward R.T. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
C20H14F4I2N4O2, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 5.0726(1) Å, b = 10.9432(2) Å, c = 19.8090(3) Å, α = 104.475(2)°, β = 90.427(2)°, γ = 92.908(2)°, V = 1063.10(3) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0329, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0907, T = 100 K.
Plane Wave Reflection in a Compressible Half Space with Initial Stress
Authors: Shams Moniba , Khalique Chaudry Masood , Aziz Taha 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
In this paper, the problem of wave propagation in a compressible half-space with an initial stress is considered. General discussion on the speed of wave in the presence of an initial stress is presented. Furthermore, reflection of a homogeneous plane P−wave is also studied. A special strain energy function dependent on this initial stress is used to understand the response of the materials. Explicit formulas for the reflection coefficients are also presented. General nonlinear theory and the theory of invariants are used to derive theoretical results. Graphical illustration of theoretical results for various numerical values of parameters show that initial stress has considerable bearing on the behavior of a plane wave.
Evaluation of the realism of a full-color reflection H2 analog hologram recorded on ultra-fine-grain silver-halide material
Authors: Gentet Philippe , Gentet Yves , Choi Pyeung-Ho , Lee Seung-Hyun 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This paper presents an evaluation of the realism of a full-color reflection H2 analog hologram recorded on ultra-fine-grain silver-halide material. An H2 hologram is a transplane image that is different from the well-known Denisyuk hologram in which the final image appears fully behind the surface of the glass plate. We explain how to record this type of transplane image on the silver-halide holographic material Ultimate 04. Evaluations are performed using a mixed reality experience questionnaire. The realism of our full-color H2 hologram is successfully demonstrated and shows the potential for its integration into a diorama.
Rudolf Schlechter's South-American orchids I. Historical and bibliographical background
Authors: Ossenbach Carlos , Jenny Rudolf 
Published: August 2019

This study represents the first part of a series dedicated to the work of Rudolf Schlechter on the orchid flora of South America. The historical background of Schlechter’s botanical activity is outlined, and salient aspects of his biography, as well as his main scientific relationships, in particular with Oakes Ames, and the origins of his interest in tropical America are discussed. We also present a complete bibliography relative to Schlechter’s production on the orchid floras of South American countries, with his network of orchid collectors, growers and other purveyors, and checklists of all the new taxa that he described from each individual country.

Key words: bibliography, biography, history of botany, Orchidaceae, South America