bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical And Platelet Function Changes By Sulfinpyrazone (S) In Essential Mixed Cryoglobulinemia (Emc)
Authors: Boschetti C , Cortellaro M , Invernizzi F , Massaro P , Rigolone A , POlli E E 
Published: July 2018

EMC represents a typical model of immune complexes (IC) disease. The interaction between platelets and IC through Fc receptors plays an important role in the pathogenesis of IC clinical features. The effects of 2 months’ treatment with an antiaggregating drug, sulfinpyrazone (S) (400 mg twice a day) were investigated in 15 patients (9 male and 6 female, mean age 55 yr) with EMC (cryocrit 2-40%). All patients presented with the purpura arthralgia syndrome. In 2 cases there was evidence of renal impairment (proteinuria < 1.5 g/day). Duration of EMC was 2-8 yr. The following platelet function tests were carried out on 12 patients before and after S treatment: platelet production time (PPT), CPA ratio and plasma β-TG. Basal data of platelet function: 4/12 patients had PPT < 6.5 days (normal value 9.88 ± 0.19), 4/12 had a CPA ratio of < 0.8, and 10/12 had ft-TG of > 60 ng/ml (n.v. 35.11 ±; 13.93). Seven patients showed a clinical improvement. These patients had a shorter basal PPT and lower CPA ratio than the others, and after treatment PPT was markedly lengthened (8.75→12.46 days) and the CPA ratio increased (0.774→0.995); in the other patients who showed no clinical improvement PPT and the CPA ratio remained almost unchanged (9.06→9-09 and 0.94 →0.89 respectively). Plasma β-TG levels were practically unvaried in both groups.These data indicate that treatment with S may be useful in IC diseases, particularly in subjects in whom laboratory tests evidence accelerated platelet consumption in vivo.
Thromboxane-Synthetase Inhibitors Could Be “Large Spectrum” Anti-Aggregating Agents
Authors: Bonne C , Martin B 
Published: July 2018

“Large spectrum”anti-aggregating activity could be only achieved by agents which increased the c AMP content of platelets. Cyclo-oxygenase inhibitors could only block the Thromboxane (Tx)- dependent pathway of platelet aggregation. Conversely, Tx-synthetase inhibitors could deviate the endoperoxides metabolism to anti-aggregating prostaglandins in particular in the presence of vascular tissues. In this study we have investigated the effect of CBS634 (1-(3-hydroxy- 1 - octenyl)-imidazole nicotinic ester, dichlorhydra- teD, a potent inhibitor of T×A2 synthesis, both on the production of anti-aggregating prosta- glandins and on the simultaneous c AMP synthesis in platelets.Rat aorta fragments pretreated with aspirin were incubated with rat platelet rich plasma in the presence or absence of tested compound, c AMP, T×B2, PGE2 and 6-keto-PGFF1α were determined by radioimmunoassays.In the presence of CBS63U (50μM), T×B2 formation was reduced from 17 ± 2 to 0.2 ng/ml/min. In parallel, PGE production in controls was 1.4 ± 0.6 and 8 ± 1 ng/ml/min in the presence of the drug. On the other hand, 6-keto-PGF1α formation, very low in controls, rose to 4 ±1.2 ng/mV min in the presence of CBS63U. Radiochemical assays performed with c14C)-arachidonate confirmed that metabolic deviation. The increased level of c AMP formed in the presence of T×A2-synthetase inhibitor supports the hypothesis that such a drug could present a “large spectrum”antiaggregating activity.
Internal Ca2+ Interfering Drugs Alter Arachidonic Acid Metabolism And Inhibit In Vitro Platelet Functions
Authors: delaBaume H , Maclouf J , Levy-Toledano S , Caen J P 
Published: July 2018

Internal Ca2+ fluxes are known to play a critical role in the activation of human blood platelets as well as for the liberation of arachidonic acid from the phospholipids.When exogenous arachidonic acid is added to platelets, cyclooxygenase inhibitors, aspirin, flurbiprofen and indo- methacin inhibit its conversion into prostaglandin G2 and H2 and therefore aggregation as well as 14C- serotonin (5-HT) release but they did not affect bovine thrombin - and iono- phore A 23187 induced platelet aggregation and had only little influence on 14C -5 HT release. On the other hand, the intracellular calcium antagonist TMB 8 and chlorpromazine inhibit arachidonic acid-induced platelet aggregation and secretion although they do not affect thromboxane (TX) production. These agents also inhibit platelet aggregation, 14C -5-HT release as well as TX synthesis when ionophore or thrombin are the stimulators. Using a glass capillary column gas chromatography method developed for this purpose, we studied the quantitative amount of the liberated eicosanoids. At high concentrations, TMB 8 and chlorporomazine inhibited strongly arachidonic release as well as platelet aggregation and 14C - 5HT release but although TX production was abolished, arachidonic acid was still liberated and converted to some extent by the lipoxygenase pathway. These findings suggest that internal Ca2+ mobilization is a prerequisite for platelet activation as well as for arachidonic acid liberation. However, at intermediate doses, internal Ca2+ - interfering agents may also modulate the oxidative balance that exists between the cyclooxygenase and the lipoxygenase towards the latter pathway.
Familial Thrombocytopenia With Morphological Changes In Megakaryocytes: A Possible New Inherited Purpura
Authors: Frassoni F , Piovella F , Castagnola C , Almasio P , Ricetti M M , Ascari E 
Published: July 2018

Results of an investigation concerning a familial thrombocytopenia with morphological abnormalities of bone marrow megakaryocytes and moderate bleeding tendency are presented. The laboratory and clinical data of a young woman and her mother are described. Both patients presented orolonged bleeding time which correlated with a low platelet count and which was not asso ciated with morphological or functional platelet impairment or plasmatic factors defects. Examination of bone marrow aspirates of both proposita revealed the presence of unusual features.Smears revealed a great increase of megakaryo cyte count and most of them had the appearance of micromegakaryocytes. The nature of these celi was confirmed by immunofluorescence for factor VIII-related antigen and fibronectin. Electron microscopy performed on megakaryocytes showed the presence of a wide peripheral area of amornhous substance, while platelet ultrastructure did not show any abnormality.
Indium-111 Autologous Platelets In The Detection Of Experimental Pulmonary Emboli
Authors: Cella G , Tow D E , Godin P , Cunningham T , McCracken L , Sasahara A A 
Published: July 2018

We investigated the efficacy of detecting fresh pulmonary emboli in dogs using 2 different age preparations of Indium-111 autologous platelets. Clots were induced in jugular veins of 18 mongrel dogs weighing 12-26 kg by ligating a segment of the jugular vein and the addition of thrombin. Clots thus formed were left in situ for 24 hours and then released into the pulmonary circulation. Pulmonary angiography (PA) was performed immediately before and after embolization. Scintillation imaging (SI) of the lungs was performed with a high resolution LFOV camera within 4 hours of embolization. There were 28 autopsy-iden tified clots in the lungs, of which 26 (92%:26/28) were detected by PA. Of these, SI detected 14. SI also detected 2 additional clots missed by PA.Using PA as standard, the overall detection rate of SI was 54% (14/26). There was some difference between platelets of 4 hours (69%:9/13) and those labeled 24 hours before (38%:5/13). The difference was not significant. As expected, SI detectability was related to the product of concentration ratios between clot and blood (C/B) and weight (Wt) of the clots and not to either one alone: Data showed that Indium-111 platelets appeared to be a promising radiopharmaceutical for the detection of throm- boemboli and that the freshly prepared platelets should be preferred.
Effect Of Factor XIII On Platelet Aggregation. Study Of Platelet Function And Fibrin Stabilization Inhibitors
Authors: Maamer M , Demay O , Aurousseau M 
Published: July 2018

There is little information on the participation of Factor XIII in platelet aggregation. Using BORN’s photometric method to study platelet aggregation induced by ADP in vitro on platelet rich plasma (PRP) of rabbit; clot solubility in 1 % monochloracetic acid and incorporation of dansylcadaverin into casein (LORAND L. et al.) to measure plasma FXIII concentration ; we showed that addition of activated F.XIII (F.XIIIa) to a PRP, aggregating power of platelets was significantly increased (+ 30.4 %, p<0.00l). Addition of inactive F.XIII or thrombin + Ca++ in concentrations used to activate F.XIII, had no significant effect on platelet aggregation induced by ADP.When F.XIIIa was added to plasma in presence of F.XIII inhibitors as 3178 AQ (a new synthetic benzothiophen keton derivative) or monodansylcadaverin (DC) in concentrations of (3.27 × 10-4 M and 9.31 × 10-4 m respectively), the platelet aggregation was significantly inhibited (- 48.8 % and - 35.4 % respectively, p<0.001). This inhibitory effect was not seen when dipyridamole or Acetylsalicylic Acid (ASA) in concentrations of (6.18 × 10-4 M and 17.3 × 10-4 M respectively) ware added in PRP in presence of F.XIIIa
When platelet aggregation was performed without addition of F.XIIIa the inhibitory effect of 3178 AQ and DC was respectively (- 76.6 % and - 65.1 %, p<0.001), dipyridamole (- 37.6 %, p<0.00l) and ASA (-4.1%, no significant)These results suggest that F.XIIIa increased the platelet aggregation induced by ADP and compounds which are both inhibitors of platelet aggregation and F.XIII would be more potent antithrombotic by acting on platelets and fibrin stabilization, than drugs which are inhibitors of platelet aggregation only.
Disturbance Of Platelet Function In The Nephrotic Syndrome
Authors: Walter E , Deppermann D , Andrassy K , Weber E 
Published: July 2018

Thromboembolic phenomena often (30 %) complicate the nephrotic syndrome. It was therefor investigated, wether disturbed platelet functions play a role in this disease.28 normals, 34 patients with nephrotic syndrome and 18 of them with impaired kidney function were tested. In 20 patients the measurements were repeated after administration of aspirin plus dipyridamo1e.Patients with nephrotic syndrome showed in comparison to normals the following changes: 1. increased platelet count (p < 0.01), 2. enhanced platelet adhesiveness (Wright-test: p < 0.001), 3. increased spontaneous aggregation (PAT I: p < 0.001; PAT III: p < 0.01), 4. enhanced PF 4-activity (heparin neutralisation: p < 0.001), 5. elevated β TG-levels only in impaired kidney function. There was no difference in the reaction of platelets against ADP as well as collagen. The changes in platelet function correlated with the severity of the nephrotic syndrome (proteinurea, hypalbuminaemia, hyperlipo- proteinaemia). After aspirin plus dipyridamole administration spontaneous platelet aggregation and adhesiveness were normalized.There is a disturbance of platelet function in patients with nephrotic syndrome, which can be reversed with antiaggregating agents.
Reduction Of Tumor Metastasis By Cobra Venom Factor (CVF) Via Inhibition Of Platelet Aggregation (PA)
Authors: Gasic G J , Gasic T B 
Published: July 2018

Tumor cells or plasma membrane vesicles shed by these cells can induce PA in vitro. To induce PA, vesicles first bind to platelets and then, subsequently, promote platelet release or plasma generation of a platelet aggregating material. The first step of this pathway is mediated by complement. If, for example, plasma is depleted of the complement component C3 by CVF neither binding nor PA occurs.Blood-borne tumor cells can also aggregate platelets and this activity appears to facilitate their establishment as metastases. Since CVF at lower doses prevents thrombocytopenia and death of mice injected with tumor vesicles, we investigated the effect of CVF on lung colonies produced by iv inoculation of syngeneic tumor cells (T241 and B16). CVF (1-4 units) was given ip at 0, 4, 10, and 24 hr and tumor cells (5×104 and 2×104) inoculated iv 4 hr after the last injection of CVF. Two weeks later mice were killed and lung tumors counted. As shown by the Tavle lung tumors were significantly reduced in mice receiving the lowest doses of CVF but increased in the group treated with the highest doseThese results are probably due to different effects of different doses of CVF as inhibitor of PA and suppressor of immune responses, the lowest doses being more beneficial because of their greater antiplatelet and lower immune suppressing activity
Biochemical Platelet Abnormalities After Renal Transplantation
Authors: Capitanio A , Mannucci P M , Ponticelli C , Pareti F I 
Published: July 2018

In recipients of renal transplants (RT), the biochemical defects accompanying increased platelet (plt)deposition in the grafts and shortened survival in the circulation are poorly characterized. 48 patients (pts) with RT (13 acute transplant rejections, ATR; 15 chronic transplant rejections, CTR; and 18 normofunctioning transplants, NFT)had lower pit serotonin (5HT) and higher plasma beta-thromboglobulin (BTG)than normal controls(NC). These abnormalities were more pronounced in ATR than CTR (5HT : 0.13±0.10, 0.18±0.08 ng/108 pits, respectively; BTG: 85±37, 62±49 ng/ml), but were also present in NFT compared with NC (5HT : 0.27±0.08, 0. 34±0. 08; BTG ; 39±33, 16±7). RT recipients also had an abnormal production of ptl pro staglandins, as expressed by low serum levels of thromboxane B2 (ATR: 324±241 pmol/108 pits; CTR : 260 ±180; NFT:262±170; NC: 441±155). T×B2 attained measurable plasma levels in 4 CTR pts (range : 0.7-9. 7 pmol/ml), whereas it was below the minimum detectable amount ( 0.5pmol/ml) in the remaining pts. Plasma fibrinopeptide A (FPA) was higher in ATR than in NC (2.6±0.9 ng/ml; 1.5± 0.8, respectively); in CTR and NFT , FpA was not different than in NC (1.9±1.1; 1.4±0. 9).These findings suggest that in RT the in vivo occurrence of the pit release reaction has resulted in the extrusion of the content of cyt oplasmic organelles and the circulation of exhausted pits. The resulting abnormalities were usually proportional to the extent of graft injury,but were also present in NFT. Vasoactive, mitogenic and proaggregatory substances released from pits might damage the graft and aggravate the rejection process.
Stress Of Unemployment As Risk Factors And Atherosclerosis
Authors: Saxena R P 
Published: July 2018

Selye defined stress as the body's non-specific response to any demand on its resources. Unemployment is a stress which is equivalent to a bereavement in the family. In a period of one year, in a Health Centre, patients were screened for lipid profile studies, history of stress (ideas of intrusion and avoidance), hypertension, overweight and cigarette smoking, who were between the ages of 35 and 60 years, and of both sexes.95% who had more than an 85 score on the scale of intrusion and avoidance, were found to have hypertension, they smoked more than 15 cigarettes, had raised triglycerides and total cholesterol. In thirteen patients there was raised IgA (only 27 patients were tested for immunoglobins). These findings suggest that during stress there could be more incidence of atheroma. There are a few behavioural techniques which can be taught e.g. change of behaviour from A to B; desensitization of stress; inoculation of stress and increased compliance to raise the aerobic power to face the stressorSo a hypothesis can be put forward that stress is the main factor to be emphasised in preventive cardiology, along with the other three factors; hypertension, lipid and smoking
Clinical And Experimental Studies On FBG Heterogeneity And Fibrinogenolysis —Especially In DIC And UK Treatment
Authors: Yamauchi M , Takei H , Seya T , Oguma Y , Murakoshi T , Nagata H , Hasegawa H 
Published: July 2018

ABy means of SDS-PAGE (3.3% gel), Fbg heterogeneity originated from partial degradation of Aα chain was studied. Comparison of electrophoretic patterns of plasma and corresponding serum made it possible to identify 2 major Fbg bands designated as high-molecular-weight Fbg (HMW, MW 350,000) and low-molecular-weight Fbg (LMW, MW 310,000). LMW comprised 28×2% (mean×S.D) of total Fbg (HMW+LMW) in healty subjects. The elevation of fibrinolytic activity did not accompany the increase of percentages of LMW in various diseases, even in cirrhotic patients whose levels of α2;PI were low. In DIC patients percentages of LMW were decreased extremely (12×6%, mean×SD). Samples from animal experimental models of DIC exhibited the same pattern of Fbg heterogeneity as that of DIC patients.UK was added to the purified Fbg in vitro. On the earliest stage of the fibrinogenolysis. 2 bands appeared newly on SDS-PAGE, while the bands of HMW and LMW were decreased. One of these new bands (Band 1) corresponded with a major compornent of Fraction 1-9 of Mosesson. It was located in the slightly anodal position (MW 300,000) from LMW band. Another band (MW 270,000) migrated between Band 1 and the band of Frag X. The same pattern of Fbg heterogeneity was observed in patients recieving large dose of UK. After cessation of UK treatment these new bands disappeared, while the bands of HMW was increased extremelThese findings suggest that HMW is a freshly synthesized Fbg and that unknown mechanism without plasmin may present for the conversion HMW to LMW.
Reduction In Thrombus Formation In Hollow Fiber Artificial Kidney (HFAK) And Improvement Of Dialyser Reuse With Ticlopidine (TCP)
Authors: chong G , Nguyen Q V , Mion C 
Published: July 2018

To determine whether TCP reduced thrombus formation in HFAK, 2 protocols were used in 20 patients on haemodialysis (HD) for more than 4 months (weekly schedule: 3 × 3-5 hours; Cordis HFAK IV, 1.3 m2; heparin: 25-30 units per kg body weight per hour).In protocol I, the reduction in HFAK fiber bundle volume (ΔFBV) and residual blood volume (RBV) were compared after a single use during a non-treatment control period and while patients were receiving TCP 500 mg/day (9 dialyses in each period). Before TCP, AFBV and RBV were 21.4±14 ml (x±SD) and 21.5±16 ml respectively; on TCP, both parameters were reduced to 2.1±1.5 ml and 3.1±1.9 ml respectively (p<0.01).In protocol II, HFAK Cordis IV was reused as long as the reduction in FBV (controlled before the first and at the end of each dialysis) was less than 20%; urea clearance (Cu) was also measured after each use. Before TCP, reuse frequency (RF) was 1.7±1 per dialyser and Cu dropped from 163±16 ml/mn to 118±23 ml/mn after first use (p<0.01); on TCP, RF was 5.5±1.2 per dialyser without significant Cu variation between first and third utilisation (160±15 Vs 152±16 ml/mn; p=NS).No major side effect was observed and digestive blood loss (measured with 51Cr tagged red blood cells) did not increase significantlyIn conclusion, TCP was shown to be a safe antiplatelet agent in HD patients and to maintain better dialysis performances in HFAK with single and/or multiple uses
Evolution Of β-Tg Level In Diabetic Patients Undergoing Artificial Pancreas Treatment
Authors: Voisin Ph , Rouselle D , Guimont C , Drouin P , Stoltz J F 
Published: July 2018

Plasma β-thromboglobulin was measured at 0, 24 and 48 hours on 27 healthy subjects and 22 insulin-dependent diabetic patients undergoing a 48-hour artificial pancreas treatment (Biostator).Before treatment all the diabetic patients revealed β-TG levels which were significantly higher than those measured in healthy subjectsOn average, after 24 hours of blood glucose control, β-TG levels in the diabetic patients were not significantly reduced in comparison with the original β-TG levels. In contrast, after 48 hours of blood glucose control, plasma β-TG levels were significantly reduced.As β-TG is a platelet-specific protein, which is considered to be an indicator of the cell’s release reaction, these results suggest that short-term control of blood glucose levels is likely to influence platelet activation in diabetic patients.
In Vitro Effects Of 5-Fluorouracil On Vascular Tissue Prostacyclin Release And Platelet Thromboxane Production
Authors: Caprino L , Antonetti F , Lagomarsino M , Morelli L 
Published: July 2018

Severe chest pain (angina attacks) and myocardial infarction has been recorded during 5-Fluorouracil (5-F.U.) tre atment. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the "in vitro" activity of 5-F.U. on vascular prostacyclin (PGI ) release and platelet thromboxane A2(TXA2) formation, which play a role in the onset of cardiovascular disorders. Rat aortic rings (about 20 mg wet/weight) were incubated at 30*C for 15 mins in 300 pi tris buffer containing 5-F.U. (250-500-1000 yg). The aortic rings were removed and the supernatant was kept 4 hrs at room temperature and the RIA of 6-keto PGF1α was thereafter performed.In 1 ml rabbit PRP containing 5-F.U. (50-100-500 yg) platelet aggregation was induced by Arachidonic acid (45 μg). Platelets were then removed by centrifugation and RIA of TXB2 was performed on supernatant.At the dose levels of 250, 500, 1000 μg, 5-F.U. yielded a dose-dependent increase (20, 44 and 68 percent, respectively) in the 6-keto PGF2 released by rat aortic rings. Coil versely, the TXB2 production by platelets during aggregation was reduced of 19, 27, 36 percent at 5-F.U. concentrations of 50, 100, 500 μg/ml, respectively. 5-F.U. had no effect on platelet aggregation.Considering the vasodilator and antithrombogenic effects of PGI2 and the vasoconstrictor effect of TXA2 the present results are not in agreement with the already described cardiotoxicity of 5-F.U. The “in vitro” results, however, if confirmed “in vivo”, show a new aspect of the mechanism of 5-F.U. cardiotoxicity.
Characteristics Of The Contractions Induced By Prostaglandin E2-Like Activity In The Rat Stomach Strip And By Thromboxane A2-Like Activity In The Rabbit Aorta And Mesenteric Artery
Authors: Zijlstra F J , Vincent J E 
Published: July 2018

The dose-response curves obtained in the measurement of the prostaglandin E (PGE) and thromboxane-A2 (TxA2)-like activity using a cascade system cons isting of a rat stomach strip , a rabbit aorta strip and a mesenteric artery were determined. The following linear relat ionships were observed:log dose-activity for PGE2 and the stomach strip , do se-activity for angiotensin II (All) and the rabbit aorta, log dose-log activity for angiotensin II and the rabbit mesenteric artery.The do se-activity curves for All and TxA2 are different when the rabbit aorta is used whereas the log dose-log activity curves are much more similar for the rabbit mesenteric artery. Therefore, AI I can only be used as a reference substance in the last case. A comparison was made of the TxA2 like activity measured by bioassay and the TxB2 determined by a radioimmunoassay in platelets after aggregation. The curves were parallel when the TxA2 like activity was measured with the mesenteric artery.The different contractile characteristics of these organs should be taken into account in the determination of the PGE2 like and TxA2 like activity with these tests.