bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Facially Polarized Molecule for Alkalides and Superalkalides with Considerable Nonlinear Optical Response
Authors: Li Bo , Peng Daoling , Gu Feng Long , Zhu Chaoyuan 
Published: December 2018

AbstractIn this work, alkali M (Li and K) and superalkali M′3O (M′=Li and Na) combined with facially polarized molecule, all‐cis 1,2,3,4,5,6‐Hexafluorocyclohexane (L, C6H6F6), were utilized to design novel alkalides L‐M‐L‐M′ and superalkalides L‐M‐L‐M′3O, respectively. Computational results show that alkalides L‐M‐L‐M′ and superalkalides L‐M‐L‐M′3O have high thermodynamic stability, and the superalkalides L‐M‐L‐M′3O are more stable than the alkalides L‐M‐L‐M′. Importantly, they also possess remarkable NLO responses, the electronic contribution of the static first hyperpolarizability (β0e) has upped to 3.42×106 (a.u.) for L‐K‐L‐Li3O. In particularly, the number of ligand L considerably impacts on β0e value, namely, the β0e value of Li‐L‐Li3O can be improved two orders of magnitude by adding additional ligand L, 1.31×106 (a.u.)(L‐Li‐L‐Li3O) > 7.76×104 (a.u.)(Li‐L‐Li3O). We hope this work can attract researchers to design and synthesize novel excess electron compounds with high performance NLO materials.
p‐Dodecylbenzenesulfonic Acid: An Efficient Brønsted Acid‐Surfactant‐Combined Catalyst to Carry out Diverse Organic Transformations in Aqueous Medium
Authors: Kaur Gurpreet , Thakur Shivani , Kaundal Priyanka , Chandel Kusum , Banerjee Bubun 
Published: December 2018

AbstractUse of Brønsted acid surfactant combined catalysts is very much beneficial to carry out organic transformations in aqueous medium. In this review we have summarized the latest developments on the aqueous mediated synthesis of various organic scaffolds using p‐dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid (DBSA) as an efficient Brønsted acid surfactant combined catalyst.
Morpholinium and Piperidinium Based Deep Eutectic Solvents for Synthesis of Pyrazole‐5‐Carbonitriles, Indoles and Tetrazoles: Bulk Properties via Molecular Dynamics Simulations
Authors: Sanam  , Bux Khair , al‐Rashida Mariya , Alharthy Rima D. , Moin Syed T. , Hameed Abdul 
Published: December 2018

AbstractDeep eutectic solvents (DES) have gained much popularity in the area of green synthetic chemistry, since they act as excellent alternative to traditional organic solvents for carrying out diverse organic reactions and transformations. Furthermore, they are thermally stable over a wide temperature range, they are non‐volatile, inert and can be easily recovered and reused after carrying out reactions. In the present study, we have synthesized morpholine and piperidine based ionic liquids, and combined them with different hydrogen bond donors (urea, diethylene glycol (DEG), carboxylic acid, thiourea, ethanol and methanol) to produce different DES melts. These DES melts were then explored for their potential as catalyst/reaction media for carrying out different organic transformations for synthesis of molecules such as pyrazole‐5‐carbonitriles 5 a‐d, Fisher Indoles 8 a‐d and 1H‐tetrazoles 10 a‐b. In DES, the hydrogen bonded interactions between ionic liquids and hydrogen bond donors are known to be crucial for mediating their catalytic and synthetic efficiency, hence molecular dynamics simulations of these DES melts were carried out to investigate and study these effects.
On the role of mindfulness and compassion skills in students' coping, well‐being, and development across the transition to college: A conceptual analysis
Authors: Dvořáková Kamila , Greenberg Mark T. , Roeser Robert W. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractIn this paper, we aim to integrate the current conceptual approaches to stress and coping processes during the college transition with the potential role of mindfulness and compassion (MC) skills on students' well‐being and development. First, we provide an overview of the issues and challenges emerging adults are facing during the transition to college, drawing on the revised version of the transactional stress model by Lazarus and Folkman (1984). Second, we introduce a conceptual model of adaptive stress and coping processes enhanced by MC skills to positively impact the appraisal and coping resources and emerging adults' mental health. Specifically, MC skills may play an important role in promoting a healthy stress response by strengthening emerging adults' socioemotional competencies and supporting the development of adaptive appraisal and coping resources, including processes antecedent and consequent to a coping encounter. In particular, MC skills were hypothesized to enhance (a) preparedness to cope, (b) productive stress response through adaptive appraisals and skillful deployment of coping resources, and (c) healthy postcoping reflections. Therefore, MC skills may be a useful preventive tool to strengthen emerging adults' ability to adjust to a new academic environment and fulfil the developmental tasks of this period.
Advancing our predictive understanding of river corridor exchange
Authors: Ward Adam S. , Packman Aaron I. 
Published: December 2018

Despite decades of research, we lack an accurate framework to predict and manage hydrologic exchange in the river corridor and the associated ecosystem services and functions at the scales of stream reaches and entire networks. While many individual studies have been conducted to investigate specific mechanisms, they have not been synthesized to account for heterogeneity in space, nonstationarity, and multiscale feedbacks that typify the river corridor. As a result, contradictory predictions of exchange flux, geometry, and timescale are prevalent in the literature. We attribute these contradictions to (a) failure to account for multiscale feedbacks and (b) uncertainty in the information content of common measurement methods. Here, we apply the concept of interacting multiscale spatial and time‐variable domains to the river corridor to demonstrate why more complete multiscale characterization is necessary to achieve predictive understanding. Next, we highlight uncertainties and inconsistencies in measurement methods which may obfuscate our understanding of river corridor exchange. Finally, we briefly outline four necessary advances to achieve predictive understanding of river corridor exchange: standardization of metadata, critical evaluation of the information content and support volumes for measurement techniques, multiscale model‐data integration, and advancing theoretical models of river corridor exchange.This article is categorized under:

Science of Water > Hydrological Processes
Water and Life > Nature of Freshwater Ecosystems
Science of Water > Methods
Wave‐current interaction effects on structural responses of floating offshore wind turbines
Authors: Chen Lin , Basu Biswajit 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThis paper proposes a model considering the wave‐current interactions in dynamic analyses of floating offshore wind turbines (FOWTs) and investigates the interaction effects on the FOWT responses. Waves when traveling on current are affected by the current, leading to frequency shift and shape modification. To include such interactions in FOWT analysis, which has not been considered by the researchers till date, a nonlinear hydrodynamic model for multicable mooring systems is presented that is able to consider the cable geometric nonlinearity, seabed contact, and the current effect. The mooring model is then coupled with a spar‐type FOWT model that handles the structural dynamics of turbine blades and tower, aerodynamics of the wind‐blade interaction, and wave‐current effects on the spar. The analytical wave‐current interaction model based on Airy theory considering the current effect is used in the computation of flow velocity and acceleration. Numerical studies are then carried out based on the NREL offshore 5‐MW baseline wind turbine supported on top of the OC3‐Hywind spar buoy. Two cases, (1) when the currents are favorable and (2) when the currents are adverse, are examined. Differences of up to 15% have been observed by comparing the cable fairlead tension obtained excluding and including the wave‐current interactions. In particular, when irregular waves interact with adverse current, a simple superposition treatment of the wave and the current effects seems to underestimate the spar motion and the cable fairlead tension. This indicates that the wave‐current interaction is an important aspect and is needed to be considered in FOWT analysis.
Change detection in dynamic attributed networks
Authors: Hewapathirana Isuru U. 
Published: December 2018

A network provides powerful means of representing complex relationships between entities by abstracting entities as vertices, and relationships as edges connecting vertices in a graph. Beyond the presence or absence of relationships, a network may contain additional information that can be attributed to the entities and their relationships. Attaching these additional attribute data to the corresponding vertices and edges yields an attributed graph. Moreover, in the majority of real‐world applications, such as online social networks, financial networks and transactional networks, relationships between entities evolve over time. Change detection in dynamic attributed networks is an important problem in many areas, such as fraud detection, cyber intrusion detection, and health care monitoring. It is a challenging problem because it involves a time sequence of attributed graphs, each of which is usually very large and can contain many attributes attached to the vertices and edges, resulting in a complex, high‐dimensional mathematical object. In this survey we provide an overview of some of the existing change detection methods that utilize attribute information. We categorize these methods based on the levels of structure in the graph that are exploited to detect changes. These levels are vertices, edges, subgraphs, communities, and the overall graph. We focus attention on the strengths and weaknesses of these methods, including their performance and scalability. Furthermore, we discuss some publicly available dynamic network datasets and give a brief overview of models to generate dynamic attributed networks. Finally, we discuss the limitations of existing approaches identifying key areas for future research.This article is categorized under:

Fundamental Concepts of Data and Knowledge > Data Concepts
Algorithmic Development > Spatial and Temporal Data Mining
Technologies > Machine Learning
Application Areas > Business and Industry
Enabling smart environments through scalable policy reasoning and Internet of Things
Authors: Göynügür Emre , Şensoy Murat , de Mel Geeth 
Published: December 2018

In this paper, we discuss how to combine ontology‐based policy reasoning mechanisms with in‐use Internet of Things applications to customize and automate device behaviors. We discuss how the policy framework can be extended with data federation to handle diverse and distributed data sources. We demonstrate that smart devices and sensors can be orchestrated through policies in diverse settings, from smart home environments to hazardous workplaces, such as coal mines. Lastly, we evaluate our approach using real applications with real data and demonstrate that it is scalable under high load of data and devices.This article is categorized under:

Technologies > Computational Intelligence
Application Areas > Science and Technology
Fundamental Concepts of Data and Knowledge > Knowledge Representation
Technologies > Computational Intelligence
Introduction
Authors: Gill Nick , Good Anthony 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Introducing the volume, the editors characterise the European asylum ‘crisis’ as a specific form of ‘moral panic’. National policies display tensions between securitisation models emphasising control of refugees because of perceived risks they pose; and rights models focusing on asylum seekers as unique individuals. Approaches to asylum decision-making also reflect each country’s legal culture and political circumstances, generating anomalies both in the procedures adopted and in national rates of refugee recognition, while actual practice emerges from the multifaceted interaction of numerous legal and quasi-legal social fields. An ethnographic approach is best suited to disentangle processes of such complexity. Finally, the introduction explains the organisation of the book into sections focusing on ‘actors’, ‘communication’, and ‘decision-making’, and summarises how each chapter contributes to those themes.
What Do We Talk About When We Talk About Credibility? Refugee Appeals in Italy
Authors: Sorgoni Barbara 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
This chapter focuses on the first level of appeal in the Italian refugee status determination procedure. I use the “credibility issue” as a lens through which to observe how this notion is employed at the tribunals of Bologna and Turin, simultaneously as a core issue in the determination procedure, a sensitive category to handle with care, and an almost-empty shell used for purposes stretching out far beyond the tribunals themselves. Such purposes can only be grasped when shifting the gaze from the mechanics of civil law as enacted inside specific local sites, towards national and supra-national migratory policies, rooted in an entangling culture of denial that strongly impacts on local-level decisional procedures of recognition or rejection.
Making the Right Decision: Justice in the Asylum Bureaucracy in Norway
Authors: Liodden Tone Maia 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
This chapter examines the meaning of justice in the asylum bureaucracy in Norway. Uncertainty and lack of reliable feedback makes it difficult to determine the accuracy of decisions. By comparing similar claims, decision-makers create local yardsticks of what a genuine refugee looks like. In this context, equal treatment to some extent comes to serve as a proxy for justice, in addition to creating a sense of certainty about the outcome. The uncertainty of asylum decisions is matched by outward certainty, as representatives of the institution have to meet public expectations about justice, whereby refugees are recognized as a clear-cut, objective category. The production of outward certainty contributes to the legitimacy of policies that involve high human costs, such as detention and deportation.
Becoming a Decision-Maker, or: “Don’t Turn Your Heart into a Den of Thieves and Murderers”
Authors: Schneider Stephanie 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Based on a qualitative study in the German asylum authority, this chapter focuses on how caseworkers are taught to deal with the uncertainties and quandaries of asylum administrative decision-making. The asylum administration is conceptualised as a relatively autonomous field in which ongoing processes of boundary work take place. Amongst others, these revolve around caseworkers’ emotional involvement and their creativity in handling the ‘stuff’ of casework. Focusing on references to emotions and materialities during a training course for decision-makers, the analysis demonstrates how they may be used both to counteract the unintended consequences of rationalisation and to delegate responsibility for dealing with conflicting demands onto the individual caseworker. Even seemingly mundane aspects of casework may thus become an object of struggles around bureaucratic autonomy and accountability.
“It’s All About Naming Things Right”: The Paradox of Web Truths in the Belgian Asylum-Seeking Procedure
Authors: Spotti Massimiliano 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
The chapter deals with the process of identity (mis)recognition that has led to the rejection of an asylum seeking application. Spotti addresses discrepancies between the story narrated by the asylum seeking applicant and the type of factual knowledge sought by the officials judging the truthfulness of his identity claim, as well as between official naming practices and the locally based naming of things used by the applicant. The case documented here, demonstrative of a politics of suspicion, also serves the metonymic function of laying bare some of the torn ligaments around the bones of globalization. It encapsulates how migratory experiences are registered into administrative prescriptive accounts of how one should prove his own identity.
Why Handling Power Responsibly Matters: The Active Interpreter Through the Sociological Lens
Authors: Dahlvik Julia 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
This contribution is based on empirical findings from an ethnographic case study on the administration of asylum applications in a branch of the former Austrian Federal Asylum Office. I adopt a sociological perspective to explore the relationship between public official and interpreter in asylum interviews and thereby hint at the complexity and contours of the power imbalance in these institutional(ised) interactions. As existing literature suggests, the relation is more complex than a simple contractee-contractor relation and, as a part of that, interpreters are often in a more powerful position than officials would want them to be. Against this background, I argue that both researchers and practitioners need to focus more on professionalism and ethics in community interpreting, especially in the context of international protection.
Communicative Practices and Contexts of Interaction in the Refugee Status Determination Process in France
Authors: Gibb Robert 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThis chapter draws on material from an anthropological study of the asylum process in France, conducted between 2007 and 2009, to explore the following questions: What can ethnographic research contribute to knowledge and understanding of the kinds of communication that take place at successive stages of the refugee status determination process in France? What light can it throw, more specifically, on the relationship between forms of communicative practice and the different contexts or spaces in which interaction between those involved occurs? Finally, what are some of the difficulties associated with adopting an ethnographic approach to investigate asylum processes and how can researchers attempt to address these?
Introduction—The Hacker, the City and Their Institutions: From Grassroots Urbanism to Systemic Change
Authors: de Waal Martijn , de Lange Michiel 
Published: December 2018

AbstractIn the debate about smart cities, an alternative to a dominant top-down, tech-driven solutionist approach has arisen in examples of ‘civic hacking’. Hacking here refers to the playful, exploratory, collaborative and sometimes transgressive modes of operation found in various hacker cultures, this time constructively applied in the context of civics. It suggests a novel logic to organise urban society through social and digital media platforms, moving away from centralised urban planning towards a more inclusive process of city-making, creating new types of public spaces. This book takes this urban imaginary of a hackable city seriously, using hacking as a lens to explore examples of collaborative city-making enabled by digital media technologies. Five different perspectives are discussed. Hacking can be understood as (1) an ethos, a particular articulation of citizenship in the network era; (2) as a set of iterative and collaborative city-making practices, bringing out new roles and relations between citizens, (design) professionals and institutional actors; (3) a set of affordances of institutional structures that allow or discourage their appropriation; (4) a critical lens to bring in notions of democratic governance, power struggles and conflict of interests into the debate on collaborative city-making; and (5) a point of departure for action research. After a discussion of these themes, the various chapters in the book are briefly introduced. Taken together they contribute to a wider debate about practices of technology-enabled collaborative city-making, and the question how city hacking may mature from the tactical level of smart and often playful interventions to a strategic level of enduring impact.
Reinventing the Rules: Emergent Gameplay for Civic Learning
Authors: Ampatzidou Cristina 
Published: December 2018

AbstractSerious games are tools that can instigate civic learning through the social interaction among players who exchange information, negotiate and deliberate during gameplay. Energy Safari is a serious board game developed to make citizens familiar with the energy transition in the province of Groningen, the Netherlands and how it translates in local and regional policies. This chapter analyses how players have collectively exploited the ambiguities in the rule set of the game to define their own rules, regarding project selection, partnerships, knowledge exchange and attitude towards the local government. These ad hoc agreements encouraged players to reflect and relate in-game situations to their real-life experiences with energy transition, leading to civic learning. In doing so, they “bend the logic” of current assumptions for the energy transition and demonstrate possibilities for positioning emergent gameplay within the design and negotiation processes of actual hackable urban and regional policymaking.
Unpacking the Smart City Through the Lens of the Right to the City: A Taxonomy as a Way Forward in Participatory City-Making
Authors: Anastasiu Irina 
Published: December 2018

AbstractHenri Lefebvre’s urgent utopia of right to the city to achieve a new form of urban governance that moves beyond both capitalism and state bureaucracy seems timely with the increasing critiques of how techno-centric, top-down and corporate-driven smart cities are ill-equipped to deliver their promised civic, economic and political benefits. The exploration of the smart city through Lefebvre’s lens enables the reconceptualisation of the emerging notion of participatory city-making as a translation of the right to the city into practice. This chapter seeks, thus, to further unpack the concept of participatory city-making and, by linking it to operational concepts and proposing a taxonomy for the classification of initiatives that shape the city, clear a path forward towards systemic change.
A Hacking Atlas: Holistic Hacking in the Urban Theater
Authors: Schuler Douglas 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThis essay is intended to help further the understanding of contemporary social change and social activism, which in turn should assist people developing civic intelligence within both local and global communities. Civic intelligence is a social phenomenon that describes how well collectivities address their shared problems efficiently and equitably. It describes examples at a variety of scales from a neighborhood trying to stop a new trash incinerator from being built next to its school to the global climate change agreement negotiated in Paris in 2015. To accomplish this effort, the concepts of hacking and holistic hacking, and hacking spaces (and seven types of hacking spaces) are introduced and then employed in relation to an actual activist mobilization called Shell No, that was waged in Seattle by environmental activists over a 30-day period in Spring 2015.