bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The SFR–M* Correlation Extends to Low Mass at High Redshift
Authors: Iyer Kartheik , Gawiser Eric , Davé Romeel , Davis Philip , Finkelstein Steven L. , Kodra Dritan , Koekemoer Anton M. , Kurczynski Peter , Newman Jeffery A. , Pacifici Camilla , Somerville Rachel S. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
To achieve a fuller understanding of galaxy evolution, SED fitting can be used to recover quantities beyond stellar masses (M
*) and star formation rates (SFRs). We use star formation histories (SFHs) reconstructed via the Dense Basis method of Iyer & Gawiser for a sample of 17,873 galaxies at 0.5 < z < 6 in the Cosmic Assembly Near-Infrared Deep Extragalactic Legacy Survey GOODS-S field to study the nature and evolution of the SFR–M
* correlation. The reconstructed SFHs represent trajectories in SFR–M
* space, enabling us to study galaxies at epochs earlier than observed by propagating them backward in time along these trajectories. We study the SFR–M
* correlation at z = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 using both direct fits to galaxies observed at those epochs and SFR–M
* trajectories of galaxies observed at lower redshifts. The SFR–M
* correlations obtained using the two approaches are found to be consistent with each other through a K-S test. Validation tests using SFHs from semi-analytic models and cosmological hydrodynamical simulations confirm the sensitivity of the method to changes in the slope, normalization, and shape of the SFR–M
* correlation. This technique allows us to further probe the low-mass regime of the correlation at high z by ∼1 dex and over an effective volume of ∼10× larger than possible with just direct fits. We find that the SFR–M
* correlation is consistent with being linear down to M
* ∼ 106
M
⊙ at z > 4. The evolution of the correlation is well described by

, where t
univ is the age of the universe in Gyr.
The Identification of a Planar Magnetic Structure within the ICME Shock Sheath and Its influence on Galactic Cosmic-Ray Flux
Authors: Shaikh Zubair I. , Raghav Anil N. , Vichare Geeta , Bhaskar Ankush , Mishra Wageesh 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
A Forbush decrease is a sudden decrease in cosmic-ray intensity caused by transient interplanetary disturbances. The substructure of an interplanetary counterpart of a coronal mass ejection (ICME) such as a shock sheath and/or a magnetic cloud independently contributes to cosmic-ray decrease, which is evident as a two-step decrease. Our earlier work has shown multistep decrease and recovery within the ICME-driven shock-sheath region. Further, we have suggested that the presence of a small-scale flux rope within the shock-sheath region causes a steady/gradual recovery in cosmic-ray intensity. Here, we demonstrate the presence of a planar magnetic structure (PMS) and small-scale flux rope within a single shock sheath of an ICME. The plot of the elevation (θ) versus azimuthal (ϕ) angle of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) is used for the identification of the PMS. The planarity, efficiency, and a plane-normal vector are estimated by employing a minimum variance analysis (MVA) technique, which confirmed the presence of the PMS. In addition, a 2D-hodogram method in conjunction with the MVA technique is utilized to identify the flux-rope structure and turbulent conditions in the corresponding ICME region. The observation in the visible suggests that the PMS region within the ICME shock sheath caused the decrease in the cosmic-ray flux observed at Earth. It has also been observed that the sharp variations in the IMF (i.e., turbulence) cause a decrease, whereas the flux-rope structure is responsible for the recovery of the CR flux. Further studies are needed to investigate their origins and to confirm their effects on space weather.
Modeling of the Quasar Main Sequence in the Optical Plane
Authors: Panda Swayamtrupta , Czerny Bożena , Adhikari Tek P. , Hryniewicz Krzysztof , Wildy Conor , Kuraszkiewicz Joanna , Śniegowska Marzena 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
The concept of the quasar main sequence is very attractive since it stresses correlations between various parameters and implies the underlying simplicity. In the optical plane defined by the width of the Hβ line and the ratio of the equivalent width of the Fe ii to Hβ observed objects form a characteristic pattern. In this paper we use a physically motivated model to explain the distribution of quasars in the optical plane. Continuum is modeled as an accretion disk with a hard X-ray power law uniquely tight to the disk at the basis of observational scaling, and the broad-line region distance is determined also from observational scaling. We perform the computations of the Fe ii and Hβ line production with the code CLOUDY. We have only six free parameters for an individual source, maximum temperature of accretion disk, Eddington ratio, cloud density, cloud column density, microturbulence, and iron abundance, and only the last four remain as global parameters in our modeling of the whole sequence. Our theoretically computed points cover well the optical plane part populated with the observed quasars, particularly if we allow for supersolar abundance of heavy elements. Explanation of the exceptionally strong Fe ii emitter requires stronger contribution from the dark sides of the clouds. Analyzing the way our model covers the optical plane, we conclude that there is no single simple driver behind the sequence, as neither Eddington ratio nor broadband spectrum shape plays the dominant role. Also, the role of the viewing angle in providing the dispersion of the quasar main sequence is apparently not as strong as expected.
Buoyancy-driven Magnetohydrodynamic Waves in a Partially Ionized Plasma
Authors: Hague A. , Erdélyi R. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
A magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) fluid description is typically employed to study the magnetized plasma comprising the solar atmosphere. This approach has had many successes in modeling and explaining solar phenomena. Most often, the plasma is assumed to be fully ionized. While this approach is justified in the higher atmosphere, i.e., the solar corona; the temperature in the lower solar atmosphere is such that a large proportion of the fluid may be electrically neutral. This begs the question: to what degree are the results derived from a fully ionized MHD description valid? In this article, we investigate the effect of partial ionization on buoyancy-driven MHD waves (the MHD analog of internal gravity waves) by applying a simplified two-fluid description. We show that previously derived results may be applied, when the fluid is weakly ionized, if the ion–neutral collision frequency is high. We derive dispersion relations for buoyancy-driven MHD waves, which include correction factors and damping rates due to ion–neutral collisions.
Évaluation du coût de la prise en charge des patients atteints de Leucémie Myéloïde Chronique (LMC) en Midi-Pyrénées : impact économique des différents Inhibiteurs de Protéines Kinases
Authors: Mounié Michael , Costa Nadège , Gauthier Martin , Palmaro Aurore , Delpierre Cyrille , Despas Fabien , Lapeyre Mestre Maryse , Laurent Guy , Savy Nicolas , Molinier Laurent 
Published: October 2018

La Leucémie Myéloïde Chronique (LMC), syndrome myéloprolifératif fréquent, représente 15 à 20% des cas de leucémie. L’introduction des Inhibiteurs de Protéine Kinase (IPK) a révolutionné le pronostic de survie des patients, transformant la LMC en maladie chronique avec une prise en charge sur le long terme et particulièrement coûteuse. L’objectif de l’étude est d’estimer le coût de la prise en charge des patients atteints de LMC en Midi-Pyrénées et particulièrement l’impact économique des différents Inhibiteurs de Protéines Kinases. L’analyse économique a été réalisée du point de vue de l’Assurance Maladie à partir des données du Système National d’Information Inter Régime de l’Assurance Maladie (SNIIRAM). Les coûts directs médicaux ont été étudiés de 3 mois avant jusqu’à 12 mois après l’initiation du traitement. Ces coûts ont été ajustés au moyen d’un modèle multivarié longitudinal. Le coût moyen de la prise en charge, pour l’année suivant l’initiation des IPK, a été évalué à 35 521€ (+/- 12 984). Le poste de dépense le plus important était les IPK, représentant 87% du coût total de la prise en charge. Une prise en charge par IPK de seconde génération entrainait une augmentation du coût de 51% à 84%. Cette étude est la première étude évaluant le coût de la prise en charge de la LMC en France. Elle met en évidence le caractère onéreux de la LMC et renforce la nécessité de mettre en œuvre des travaux complémentaires en prenant en considération une population d’étude plus importante et en intégrant des postes de dépenses supplémentaires.
Parafoveal Retinal Vessel Density Assessment by Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography in Healthy Eyes
Authors: Arya Malvika , Rebhun Carl B. , Alibhai A. Yasin , Chen Xuejing , Moreira-Neto Carlos , Baumal Caroline R. , Reichel Elias , Witkin Andre J. , Duker Jay S. , Sadda SriniVas R. , Waheed Nadia K. 
Published: October 2018

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
To assess variability in vessel density (VD) measurements across three optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) devices to identify a methodology that offers the least amount of variation in VD, and to assess the effect of averaging of multiple scans on VD variability.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
Fifteen eyes of eight healthy individuals were imaged consecutively on three OCTA devices. Segmentations at the superficial, deep, and full retinal layers were generated. Repeat scans for each retinal layer were registered and averaged to generate one OCTA image. Two different automated thresholding techniques were used to calculate vessel area density (VAD) from binarized images and vessel skeleton density (VSD) from skeletonized images. Vessel length, a linear measure of the combined lengths of vessels, was calculated. Foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area was measured.

RESULTS:

All three OCTA devices were significantly different (
P
< .0001). This finding remained after averaging images (
P
< .0001). VSD was more repeatable within a device but less reproducible across devices. Conversely, VAD demonstrated less repeatability but greater reproducibility. Differences in VSD between devices were systematic and attributable to differences in resolution. Vessel length, unaffected by resolution, demonstrated no significant differences between the devices (
P
> .107). There was no significant difference in FAZ area across devices (
P
= .51). After averaging images, VD was significantly different from the single images for each device and plexus (
P
< .05) but remained within 1% of the value of a single scan.

CONCLUSIONS:
OCTA devices show variability in VD for healthy individuals. With greater repeatability, VSD appeared useful for following a patient on one device. VAD and vessel length seemed ideal for comparing vessel parameters between OCTA devices. After averaging multiple scans, VSD remained within 1% of a single scan, for which clinical significance remains to be determined. Caution is advised when comparing quantitative analyses across OCTA devices.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2018;49:S5–S17.]
Progression to Surgery for Patients With Idiopathic Epiretinal Membranes and Good Vision
Authors: Chen Xuejing , Klein Kendra A. , Shah Chirag P. , Heier Jeffery S. 
Published: October 2018

BACKROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
Patients with idiopathic epiretinal membranes (ERMs) and visual acuity of 20/40 or better are often monitored until vision or associated symptoms worsen to affect everyday living. This study looks at the rate of progression to surgery and the characteristics associated with progression.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
This study was a retrospective, consecutive case series of patients with newly diagnosed idiopathic ERMs who were referred to the Retina Service at the Ophthalmic Consultants of Boston between January 2009 and May 2015 with 20/40 or better visual acuity. Surgical membrane peel was typically offered when vision worsened to 20/50 or beyond and/or when patients could not tolerate symptoms attributable to the ERM. All eligible eyes were categorized by baseline optical coherence tomography (OCT) morphology into normal, mild or incomplete, or complete loss of foveal contour. Visual acuities were averaged through conversion to logMAR. Kaplan-Meier survival curves for progression to surgical membrane peel were calculated. The main outcome measure was progression to surgical intervention.

RESULTS:
The study included 201 eyes from 170 patients; 29.8% had normal, 18.9% had mild loss, and 51.2% had complete loss of foveal contour on baseline OCT. Overall, 13% of eyes progressed to surgery at 7 years. However, only 5% of eyes with normal foveal contour progressed to surgery by 5.5 years, whereas 17% with incomplete and 16% with complete loss of foveal contour progressed to surgery at 6 and 7 years, respectively. Eyes with worse foveal contours progressed to surgery more rapidly.

CONCLUSION:
A minority of patients with newly diagnosed ERMs who did not need surgical intervention progressed to needing surgery at 7 years with the rate and speed of progression dependent on baseline OCT morphology. These statistics can be useful in counseling patients who are deciding between watchful waiting and surgical intervention.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2018;49:S18–S22.]
La création du DEA « Migrations, Espaces et Sociétés » : extraits d’un entretien réalisé auprès de Gildas Simon
Authors: Simon Gildas , Lassailly-Jacob Véronique , Dubus Gilles 
Published: October 2018

<p class="resume">Créé en 1991, le DEA « Migrations, Espaces et Sociétés » est le premier diplôme de ce niveau dédié en France à l’étude des migrations internationales. Son fondateur, Gildas Simon, est alors professeur de géographie à l’Université de Poitiers. Il avait déjà fondé le laboratoire Migrinter et la Revue Européenne des Migrations Internationales (REMI). Dans cet entretien, il apporte un éclairage très complet sur les difficultés et les satisfactions de cette passionnante expérience pédagogique.</p>
Les migrations dans la presse quotidienne en classe de Quatrième
Authors: Maridet-Tjon-A-Tai Christel , Dumont Antoine 
Published: October 2018

<p class="resume">Cet article présente l'expérience d'un enseignement de la migration internationale en classe de 4e. Mené par un professeur d'histoire-géographie et un professeur documentaliste. Cet enseignement s'est déroulé pendant la « Semaine de la presse » du 20 au 25 mars 2017 en salle de classe et au centre de documentation et d'information (CDI) du collège Frida Kahlo de Pontchâteau. </p>
Level of awareness and treatment of anxiety and depression during pregnancy in southeast Nigeria
Authors: Sunday Ezeme M. , Okoli Paul C. , Dinwoke Vincent O. 
Published: October 2018

Background: Anxiety and depressive disorders are somewhat masked by features of pregnancy; hence many women are ignorant of them and are untreated.Aim: To determine the level of awareness and treatment of anxiety and depression in pregnancy.Setting: The study was carried out at the antenatal clinic of Enugu State University Teaching Hospital, Enugu, Nigeria.Method: This was a cross-sectional and descriptive study of 200 pregnant women in consecutive attendance of the antenatal clinic using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and a sociodemographic questionnaire.Results: Of the participants, 23.5% had anxiety and/or depression, 7.5% of them were aware of their condition and only 0.5% of all the participants or 6.7% of those who were aware of their problem received treatment.Conclusion: Anxiety and depression are prevalent among pregnant women. Because of overlap of symptoms of anxiety and depression with those of pregnancy, the awareness is very low; hence many of them suffer immensely without treatment.
Life cycle of bamboo in the southwestern Amazon and its relation to fire events
Authors: Dalagnol Ricardo , Wagner Fabien Hubert , Galvão Lênio Soares , Nelson Bruce Walker , Aragão Luiz Eduardo Oliveira e Cruz de 
Published: October 2018

Abstract. Bamboo-dominated forests comprise 1 % of the world's forests and 3 % of the Amazon forests. The Guadua spp. bamboos that dominate the southwest Amazon are semelparous; thus flowering and fruiting occur once in a lifetime before death. These events occur in massive spatially organized patches every 28 years and produce huge quantities of necromass. The bamboo–fire hypothesis argues that increased dry fuel after die-off enhances fire probability, creating opportunities that favor bamboo growth. In this study, our aim is to map the bamboo-dominated forests and test the bamboo–fire hypothesis using satellite imagery. Specifically, we developed and validated a method to map the bamboo die-off and its spatial distribution using satellite-derived reflectance time series from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and explored the bamboo–fire hypothesis by evaluating the relationship between bamboo die-off and fires detected by the MODIS thermal anomalies product in the southwest Amazon. Our findings show that the near-infrared (NIR) is the most sensitive spectral interval to characterize bamboo growth and cohort age. Automatic detection of historical bamboo die-off achieved an accuracy above 79 %. We mapped and estimated 15.5 million ha of bamboo-dominated forests in the region. The bamboo–fire hypothesis was not supported because only a small fraction of bamboo areas burned during the analysis timescale, and, in general, bamboo did not show higher fire probability after the die-off. Nonetheless, fire occurrence was 45 % higher in dead than live bamboo in drought years, associated with ignition sources from land use, suggesting a bamboo–human–fire association. Although our findings show that the observed fire was not sufficient to drive bamboo dominance, the increased fire occurrence in dead bamboo in drought years may contribute to the maintenance of bamboo and potential expansion into adjacent bamboo-free forests. Fire can even bring deadly consequences to these adjacent forests under climate change effects.
The geography of spheres: an introduction and critical assessment of Peter Sloterdijk's concept of spheres
Authors: Ernste Huib 
Published: October 2018

Abstract. With his three-volume magnum opus on spheres, Peter Sloterdijk introduces a critical philosophical and cultural view of the spatiality of current society. His spatial metaphors serve as an intriguing source for inspiration for geographers. He describes the topological conditions of society by means of three different forms of spherical conditions of life: bubbles, globes, and foams. To understand, assess, and critique our current society we, according to Sloterdijk, need to replace the arrogant and cynical academic view of Plato and his followers with the more serene composure of the kinetic view of Diogenes. In this contribution, on the one hand we shall elaborate the spatial metaphor Sloterdijk uses. On the other hand we want to scrutinise Sloterdijk's ideas by drawing some parallels between his ideas and those of other philosophical anthropological thinkers. Finally, we very briefly want to point to a suitable conceptual framework for empirically investigating the spherology of human being in the world.
Spatio-temporal assessment of annual water balance models for upper Ganga Basin
Authors: Shukla Anoop Kumar , Pathak Shray , Pal Lalit , Ojha Chandra Shekhar Prasad , Mijic Ana , Garg Rahul Dev 
Published: October 2018

Abstract. The upper Ganga Basin in Uttarakhand, India, has high hydropower potential and
plays an important role in the development of the state economy. Thus, an accurate
knowledge of annual water yield is of paramount importance to this region.
This paper deals with use of contemporary water yield estimation models such
as the distributed Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs (InVEST) model
and the Lumped Zhang model and their validation
to identify the most suited one for water yield estimation in the upper Ganga Basin. In previous studies utilizing these models, water yield was estimated
by considering a single value of some important model parameters for the entire
basin, which in fact show distributed variation at a finer (pixel) scale.
Therefore, in this study, pixel-level computations are performed to assess
and ascertain the need for incorporating the spatial variation of such parameters
in model applications. To validate the findings, the observed sub-basin
discharge data are analyzed with the computed water yield for 4 decades,
i.e., 1980, 1990, 2001 and 2015. The results obtained are in good agreement
with the water yield obtained at the pixel scale.
Does Hip Osteoarthritis have a Protective Effect against Proximal Femoral Fractures? A Retrospective Study
Authors: Calderazzi Filippo , Groppi Giulia , Ricotta Agostino , Ceccarelli Francesco 
Published: October 2018

The inverse relationship between proximal femoral fracture incidence and hip osteoarthritis remains controversial. However, femoral neck fractures rarely occur in patients with hip osteoarthritis, suggesting a protective effect of osteoarthritis. We sought to determine if the severity of osteoarthritis influenced fracture type. We examined the radiographs of 190 consecutive patients treated at our institution after hip trauma. They were divided into three groups according to the outcome of the trauma: femoral neck fracture; trochanteric fracture; and no fracture. We then analysed the severity of osteoarthritis within these groups. No relationship between the grade of hip osteoarthritis and the presence of a proximal femoral fracture was found. However, the grade of osteoarthritis was related both to the outcome of the trauma (p<0.0001) and to the location of the fracture (p<0.0001). Patients with osteoarthritis of the hip had a three-fold increased likelihood of trochanteric fracture compared to femoral neck fracture. Osteoarthritis does not protect against proximal femoral fractures, but strongly affects the location of the fracture in the proximal femur, increasing the possibility of a trochanteric location.
A Doubt-Centered Approach to Contemporary Legend and Fake News
Authors: Mould Tom 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
The issue of fake news as it has risen to the fore in public and political discourse provides folklorists with an opportunity to not only weigh into the discussion with significant expertise, but also to reconsider our approach to the study of legend. In this paper, I propose a reorientation from a truth-centered approach to the study of legend to a doubt-centered one. Such an approach has the dual benefit of reorienting legend scholarship in new and productive ways while being particularly well-suited to the study of fake news.
Respecting the Smears: Anti-Obama Folklore Anticipates Fake News
Authors: Turner Patricia A. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
From allegations that he wouldn’t sing the national anthem to accusations that he ordered the spread of the Ebola virus, Barack Obama was plagued by fake news throughout his candidacies and two terms as president of the United States. Neither journalists covering his presidency nor his own campaign staff persistently or publicly debunked these claims. This tolerance for the circulation of spurious accusations may have contributed to the proliferation of fake news in 2016 and 2017.
Blaming the Polish Plumber, Blaming the French Voter: Bogeys and Attributions of Belief in Liberal Politics
Authors: Noyes Dorothy 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
The liberal imaginary generates phantom actors, both virtuous and dangerous, as substitutes for the real people excluded from the political arena. A special case is the bogey, a negative phantom openly acknowledged as false but attributed to popular belief and used to blame public opinion for bad political outcomes. I demonstrate that the “Polish plumber,” fear of whom supposedly caused the French public to reject the European Constitution in a 2005 referendum, circulated intensively in elite discourse with minimal popular uptake. Nonetheless, when phantoms and bogeys occupy the arena, excluded persons may be forced to engage with them in order to achieve visibility of their own.