bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physical and mathematical modeling of solid fuel combustion in the application of direct-flow burners
Authors: Prokhorov V B , Kirichkov V S , Chernov S L 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The tightening of standards for emissions of harmful substances into the air makes it increasingly important to pay attention to fuel combustion technology. The concentration of nitrogen oxides in flue gases on solid fuel boilers, in most cases, exceeds the standard value. The most significant excess in NOx emissions occurs in boilers wit slag-tap removal. The possibility of influence on the aerodynamics of the furnace when using vortex burners, which are individual action burners, on powerful boilers is severely limited. When direct-flow burners, which are collective action burners, there is a possibility of significant impact on the aerodynamics of the active combustion zone. With a rational arrangement of direct-flow burners and nozzles and the use of step combustion, it is possible to provide a significant reduction in the formation of nitrogen oxides, mechanical underburning of solid fuel particles and to prevent the possibility of slag of the screen system. The main problem of using direct-flow burners is the need to study the aerodynamics of each specific combustion volume of different boilers. On the basis of research on physical and mathematical models developed schemes of solid fuel combustion in steam boilers using direct-flow burners and nozzles in the presence of a large number of horizontal and vertical vortices, which should contribute to the efficient combustion of fuel with low emissions of nitrogen oxides.
Development of technology of plasma processing of technogenic wastes (brief review)
Authors: Sharina I.A. , Perepechko L.N. , Domarov P.V. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The problem of man-made waste processing remains one of the most urgent in the world, since none of the known technologies for processing and destruction of waste fully meets the requirements of consumers. One of the safest technologies for processing and destruction of man-made waste is considered to be the use of low-temperature arc plasma. However, until now there is no widespread industrial application of plasma processing of industrial wastes. The main scientific and technical problem arising at practical implementation of plasma gasification of organic raw materials is high specific energy consumption. According to open information sources, an analysis was conducted and it was determined confirmed, that the development of technology for plasma processing of organic waste proceeds along the path of reducing specific energy consumption and heat loss, increasing the service life of electrodes and caloric content of the resulting synthesis gas.
The study of disperse composition of the gas-droplet flow when spraying diesel fuel by a steam jet
Authors: Sharypov O V , Anufriev I S , Yu Shadrin E , Kopyev E P , Leschevich V V 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The disperse composition of the gas-droplet flow was studied experimentally when spraying diesel fuel by a jet of superheated steam in a burner device with good prospects. The studies were performed using the method of shadow photography (SP). In a wide range of operating parameters (steam and fuel flow rate) corresponding to the area of stable operation of the burner, size distributions of fuel droplets were obtained. Dependencies of the droplet size in the flow on the steam and fuel flow rate were determined.
Energy sector of Russia and Siberia: problems and prospects
Authors: Suslov N I , Kryukov V A , Markova V M , Churashev V N 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The energy sector of Russia is one of the most potent in the world - it is the second in extraction of oil and gas, the third for total output of fuel and energy resources. While exporting nearly 45% of its total production of energy resources, Russia produces more energy per capita than most other countries - 5 times higher the global average and 3 times higher than the average level for OECD countries. The energy sector of Siberia represents the crucial part of the country’s energy sector. Over decades, the energy resources of the region massively contributed to the Russian federal budget and brought in a major part of hard currency from export trade. In the current conditions of existing geopolitical challenges and expected global demand for energy resources, it is much more of a priority for Russia not to raise the output of fuel and energy resources but to improve the overall quality and reliability of the whole energy supply system, increase the depth of mineral fuel, including solid fuel and waste recycling.
A method of studying thermochemical conversion of single biomass particles in an intense air flow
Authors: Svishchev D A , Kozlova M A , Ralnikov P A 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
There are many methods for obtaining kinetic data of thermochemical conversion of fuel particles. These methods to some extent reproduce the conditions of industrial processes. At the same time, there is a lack of methods reproducing the conditions of wood particles gasification in downdraft gasifier. In this process, raw fuel enters the hot reactor region with intense air jets blowing through the tuyeres. It is difficult to directly measure the weight of particles under these conditions due to the effect of gas flow. The authors proposed a research method in accordance with which the sample is introduced into a heated furnace and placed in the tuyere flow. The sample is combusted for a certain time then removed from the furnace and quickly quenched. The method allows reproducing the dynamics of changes in temperature, mass, volume, shape and structure of the inner layers of particles. It provides visual observations of the process, high heating rate of wood samples (750-5500 °C min−1) and large amount of data sufficient for statistical processing.
On the velocities of normal and deflagration burning of gaseous mixtures
Authors: Vasil’ev A A , Vasiliev V A 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
In accordance with the classical one-dimensional detonation theory, the lower adiabatic branch of the energy release of the combustible mixture as the geometric locus of the final state points of the system also allows solution for combustion waves whose propagation velocity lies in the range from zero to deflagration speed. The velocity of the normal burning wave falls within this range, but the calculation is traditionally conducted with the help of the thermal theory of combustion (not within the framework of the theory of detonation). In this paper the conservation laws of the detonation theory were used for choice of a point of the final state for a normal flame. The analysis was carried out and estimates were given showing both the degree of compliance of the estimated and experimental values of flame velocities, and the degree of compliance of the qualitative behavior of these dependences on the main parameters of the mixture
Estimated effects of air quality control measures on mortality reduction and economic benefits during the 2014 Nanjing Youth Olympic Games
Authors: Yu S Y , Qian Y 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
During the 2014 Youth Olympic Games in Nanjing, the local government implemented a series of emission control measures. Fixed-effect model and generalized additive model were conducted to evaluate the association between control measures and health benefits. Daily non-accidental mortality decreased from 71 deaths per day before taking control measures to 61 during the under-control period. Interim measures reduced SO2, NO2, PM2.5, PM10 by 6.63%, 12.96%, 8.72% and 10.30%, while comprehensive measures further reduced pollutants by 12.19%, 8.89%, 25.05% and 30.86%. A μg/m3 decrease in SO2, NO2, PM2.5, PM10 was associated with decreases in all-cause mortality of 2.91%(95%CI:1.57%,4.24%), 1.36%(95%CI:0.62%,2.11%), 0.55%(95%CI:0.23%,0.87%) and 0.39%(95%CI: 0.15%,0.62%). According to the calculation, the game specifically reduced about 1000 acute deaths from all cause and produced about 500 million USD of benefits, demonstrating a statistically significant association between air quality controls and health benefits. The result also shows that relevant controls to deal with NO2 and PM should be taken more stringently in heavily polluted cities.
Cross-city PM2.5 predictions with recurrent neural network
Authors: Zong RH , Zhang TY , Chen Z , Zhu Y 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
PM2.5 is inhalable particulate with a diameter less than 2.5 μM that easily enters the lungs and causes diseases and non-accidental death. The generation and dissipation of PM2.5 are strongly affected by a variety of environmental factors, thus the concentration of PM2.5 is presumably predictable with the observations of environmental conditions. This paper used multi-year meteorological and PM2.5 concentration data across multiple megacities in China (Beijing, Chengdu, and Shenyang) and sought for a universal predictive model. Our results showed that data-driven machine-learning model was able to not only capture PM2.5 dynamics at the city where the model was trained but also could be generalized to predict PM2.5 concentrations over other cities. Therefore, the modeling results indicated a universally existing predictive relationship between PM2.5 source-sink dynamics and the environmental drivers.
Access the Change of Water Quality in the Sponge City of LCTIP
Authors: Li N , Du P F , Huang X C , Shu Z P 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The construction of Sponge City (SPC) in China has caused a huge social transformation, and the application of its core low-impact development facilities (LIDs) has changed the lives of residents from the details. Controlling runoff water quantity and its water quality are the two main objectives of low impact development measures. This paper discusses the results of water quality testing, comparing content changes of total phosphorus (TP), total nitrogen (TN), and chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total suspended solids (TSS) measured from water samples collected from the same LID facilities established by LCTIP three times a month during 2018 the local rainy season. The values changes of various pollutants from sampling points to the outlet show that the water quality of after LID facilities is close to the state of natural rain before development. The water purification effect of the LID facility was verified. At the same time, it is necessary to understand that more factors will have an impact on water quality. Therefore, the limitations of current knowledge and recommendations for future research are also discussed.
Participation patrolling efforts by local people: Case of Nam Tien forest station in Pu Hu Nature Reserve, Vietnam
Authors: Dong L.K. , Sinutok S. , Manop P. , Techato K. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Protected areas, nature reserves and national parks in Vietnam, has considered foot patrols under traditional law enforcement with local forest guard (LFG). The participant between LFG and rangers in protected areas has been applied as commons way of patrolling on forest protection. However, very few studies have considered the contribution of LFG performance of patrolling activity with GPS-based monitoring system from Nam Tien forest station (FS), Pu Hu nature reserve (NR). Through the contribution of the monthly report was collected and the reliability of patrol data was analyzed in the central office. This study explores that the number of LFG was affected by the distance and patrol hours in the working field (P < 0.01). It could also be reducing the rangers’ law enforcement if the limitation of LHG’s performance was considerably significant. Admittedly, the illegal activity might be declined by ranger’s efforts in term of patrolling activity. This study highlights the importance of LFG performance for protected area management was related to the efficacy of conservation targets.
Estimating the Impact of the MRT Elevated Railway System on Carbon Reduction in Taichung, Taiwan
Authors: Hsu Kuo-Wei , Chao Jen-Chih , Chan Hsiao-Sung , Wu Pei-Chen 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Amid rapid global economic development and the threat of global warming, green transportation and related issues have risen to prominence in various countries. In Taiwan in_2009, Taichung was selected as a low-carbon demonstration city, in which energy conservation and carbon reduction would be actively promoted, with the wider aim of developing a green economy and lifestyle. This study explores the carbon-reduction benefits of the MRT elevated railway in the Taichung Metropolitan Area. The railway’s construction has been associated with intensive redevelopment of existing stations, but this process has been unbalanced due to railway physical. Five new stations will also be added, and belt-like spaces at ground level made available for housing and other non-railway-related purposes. Utilizing literature collection and the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) research method to explore the factors affecting the efficiency of the MRT, this study reveals that the AHP weights of the main criteria for the escalation of MRT development in Taichung are 0.5833 for green transportation and 0.4167 for green environment; while in the overall ranking of the sub-criteria, the top three evaluation factors are mass transportation (0.31337), greenery planting (0.21832), and green building (0.19444).
The application of organic solvents and thermal process for eliminating EVA resin layer from waste photovoltaic modules
Authors: Chen Wei Sheng , Chen Yen Jung , Chen Yu An 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
With rapidly increasing production and installation, recycling of PV modules has become the main issue. In this study, we developed the application to recover the tempered glass from panels and remove Ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) from PV cells. The processes divided into two parts, organic solvents soaking and thermal treatment. In the organic solvents process, this study soaked PV modules into organic solvents to dissolve EVA resin and recover tempered glass. In the thermal treatment, this study removed EVA resin remaining on the PV cell. This study can comprehensively recover tempered glass and remove 99.97% EVA resin from PV cell. Moreover, it can contribute to not only subsequent leaching processes but also the environment and humankind health.
Key strategies of sustainable and energy-saving development for green universities
Authors: Cai Yi-Xin , Ou Sheng-Jung , Chen Hsuan-Hung , Chiu Chien-Chen 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Sustainable environment development has become a global and popular issue. In Taiwan, regardless of public authorities or private organizations, departments often promote green buildings, green campus and other practices according based upon different sustainable plans. In 2007, the Ministry of Education promoted the green universities and formally launched the Green University Development program. Subsequently, in 2009, 13 schools jointly signed “The Tallories Declaration” to promote the sustainable work of the Green University. Up to 2018, eight universities have entered the ranks of the world’s largest green universities. For finding better sustainable development strategies to improve the Green university evaluation and environmental benefits, this study analyzes the current situation of the Green University in Taiwan and presents a trend analysis of the development of Green University assessment indicators in Chaoyang University of Technology (CYUT) over the years. Finally, through the analysis, the study proposes the concrete strategies for achieving green university’s requirement, and proposes the key strategies of further achieving sustainable energy saving of green campus for Chaoyang University of Technology.
A Study on Application of Ecological Engineering Methods to a River Pollution Remediation – Case study of Liuchuan River
Authors: Hsu Che-Yu , Ou Sheng-Jung 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The Liuchuan River is an urban river in Taichung City of Taiwan. It was been affected by the pollution of domestic sewage and commercial wastewater for many years, resulting in the degeneration of water quality in rivers. Because of the hard bank revetment along the coast, the urban blue ribbon are unable to interact with residents. In order to improve water quality pollution and waterway environment, the Taichung Water Resources Bureau prioritizes water quality improvement. Under the goal of ensuring flood control and drainage, it actively diversifies the waterway space to enhance the city’s local culture and life value. The purpose of this study is to analyze the improvement of water quality through the discussion of low-impact development engineering remediation projects. The water permeability of the riverbank before repair is almost 0%. After the improvement, the water permeability is increased by 50%, the green area is increased by 3,322 square meters, and the water quality RPI index is reduced from 7.25 “serious pollution” to 5. “moderately pollution”. This result shows that the Liuchuan River remediation project has successfully improved the water quality and river channel. Re-injecting green elements to create a hydrophilic environment for urban blue-green belts, improving the quality of residents’ living environment, and promoting the benefits of surrounding businesses and tourism.
Hybrid-approach for sinkhole occurrence risk mitigation in urban areas
Authors: Malinowska A A , Guzy A , Hejmanowski R , Ulmaniec P. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Presented research focused on the development of a novel methodology for sinkhole risk assessment above shallow caverns in a salt mine. The research was carried out for the Wieliczka Salt Mine, which is registered on the UNESCO list and visited by near around 2 million tourists every year. The main assumption of the investigation was to estimate root cause of sinkhole occurrence on the surface. Based on the arch pressure theory the vertical stress in the roof of salt caverns was established. Constructed three-dimensional model of underground mine allowed to determine the stresses between the caverns. Furthermore, the caverns which were hazarded by roof collapse were indicated. Hybrid solution was supported by multicriteria risk analysis based on Analytic Hierarchy Process carried out in Geographical Information System. Spatial analysis led to the identification of caverns potentially influenced by other risk factors. Developed final risk maps were based on four the most significant risk factors leading to sinkhole occurrence. Vulnerability maps developed with support of Analytic Hierarchy Process indicated areas where habitants and infrastructure are exposed to sinkhole occurrence. Merging risk maps with vulnerability maps led to final hazard map, where urban areas susceptible to sinkhole occurrence were shown. In conclusion, the research carried out proved that combined spatial analysis with theoretical solution may pave the way for reliable sinkhole risk assessment above shallow caverns.
A simulation methodology on grid displaced photovoltaic (PV) prospective for existing terrace house supply in Malaysian peninsular.
Authors: Abdul-Razak AHN , Ahmad N.A , Ahmad S.S. , Haron S. N , Ermeey A.K 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Accounting for the government’s intention towards sustainable energy development and the deployment of Malaysia’s first smart grid system, inclusive participation of residential units will transform their role from consumers to prosumers, enabling them to become “positive nodes” of the smart grid system. This paper evaluates the simulation output of a grid displaced electricity demand of a significant terrace-based housing cohort in Malaysia. Utilising Integrated Environmental Solution Virtual Environment (IESVE) as the simulation tool, solar panel retrofitted to the existing terrace houses in urban centres across peninsular Malaysia is investigated in order to identify its potential to displace current grid electricity demand, consequently shaving peak demand and reduced household’s ‘s electricity bill.
Connecting Solar Generated Electricity during Flood Disaster in the FELDA Communities of Malaysia: The Public Perception
Authors: Jamil S J T , Ahmad N A , Jamian J J 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Solar electrification is a significant solution for supplying electricity at the evacuation centre during power shortage or blackouts in a flood disaster situation. However, it is a challenge to connect this technology to the local communities, especially for the rural people due to the limited accessibility of the technology. Strong support from the Government is needed in disseminating this technology for the locals, especially during a flood disaster where victims need the power aid relief during the power interruption. By using solar technology, the power can be generated and stored ahead of time at the flood relief centre. This paper will investigate on the perception of rural communities in Malaysia; focusing FELDA communities, in connecting the solar electrification during a flood disaster. The significant approaches for connecting FELDA communities with solar electrification need to be explored strategically. In order to investigate the acceptance of FELDA communities in connecting solar electrification in the flood evacuation centre, survey research through questionnaires has been obtained from the respondents. Interestingly, the result shows that the back-up electricity supply system is needed in order to accommodate the electricity supply at the evacuation centre when flood occurs. The research found that the local people are ready to use the solar electrification as a supportive electricity system during flood disaster. This paper has elaborated on the significance approaches towards connecting people with the technology.
Palm empty fruit bunch gasifier characterization using Eulerian-Lagrangian CFD modelling
Authors: Ardi Nugroho Priyambodo Nur , Torii Shuichi 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Energy efficiency is crucial for many developing countries, including Indonesia. One of the solutions is to shift fossil fuels to an alternative source of energy, like biomass which is also available abundantly. Biomass conversion technique like gasification using palm empty fruit bunch is essential considering its potential in Indonesia. Advanced technology with a cost-effective and highly efficient gasification process is required to promote this method, especially in a rural area. Computational analysis for design and initial study is mandatory because gasification involves complicated chemical reactions. Biomass gasification characteristic was investigated using Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) program STAR CCM+. The Eulerian-Lagrangian concept was employed to model the gaseous phase (air) and solid phase (biomass particles) of biomass gasifier accordingly. Each of the gasification syngas formation - i.e., CO, N2, CH4, and H2 respectively - were analyzed. The objective of this paper is to characterize biomass gasification steps started with drying, thermal decomposition/pyrolysis, partial combustion of gases, vapor, and char, and finished with the gasification of decomposed products.