bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatment and outcomes of urethral recurrence after orthotopic neobladder replacement in patients with bladder cancer — practice in a single centre
Authors: Zhou Xiaozhou , Ji Huixiang , Zhang Heng , Xiong Tailin , Pan Jinhong , Chen Zhiwen 
Published: June 2018

Objectives To report on the treatment of urethral recurrence after orthotopic urinary diversion at our institution. Methods We retrospectively reviewed clinical information of urethral recurrence in patients who underwent radical cystectomy and orthotopic urinary diversion between January 1998 and January 2013. Results Of 341 patients, 282 presented for follow-up (median follow-up: 56 months; range: 1–174 months). Eight patients developed local recurrence of urothelial cancer after radical cystectomy. The rate of urethral recurrence (1.4%) in female patients who underwent orthotopic urinary diversion was lower than in male patients (3.3%). The median (range) time to recurrence was 33 (6–120) months after radical cystectomy and orthotopic urinary diversion. Recurrences were treated by transurethral resection of tumour, urethrectomy, neobladder resection, revision of urinary diversion, adjuvant chemotherapy, or radiation therapy, based on individual circumstances. Survival analysis showed that 5-year cancer-specific survival was significantly higher in patients with urethral recurrence alone (83.3%), compared with patients with other recurrences, including pelvic/abdomen recurrence and distant metastasis (26.8%). Conclusions En bloc urethrectomy and revision of urinary diversion remain the principle surgical choices. Selection of transurethral tumour resection was based on tumour stage and was used in carefully chosen patients. Cancer-specific survival might depend on multidisciplinary therapy.
Hyperinflation of Vasopressors (Vasopressin, Norepinephrine, Ephedrine, etc)
Authors: Quan Ashley Thompson , Li Fanny 
Published: June 2018

Purpose: Hyperinflation refers to the increasing cost of drugs which occurs due to continued drug shortages and rebranding. Hyperinflation has significant implications in increasing overall healthcare costs with reduced reimbursement, increased patient acuity, and an aging population, but published strategies to reduce costs and minimize waste are limited. Objective: To describe the hyperinflation and cost mitigation strategies of three vasopressor medications, vasopressin, epinephrine, and ephedrine. Conclusion: The steep increase in medications is expected to continue, and mitigation strategies to reduce waste and select the most cost effective therapy to offset the price increase is crucial for healthcare systems.
The Complex Adaptive System Principles model for bilingualism: Language interactions within and across bilingual minds
Authors: Filipović Luna , Hawkins John A 
Published: June 2018

Aims and objectives/purpose/research question: We propose a model that captures general patterns in bilingual language processing, based on empirical evidence elicited in a variety of experimental studies. We begin by considering what linguistic outputs are logically possible when bilingual speakers communicate based on the typological features of two languages in the bilingual mind. Our aim is to explain why some outputs are more frequent or more likely than others in bilingual language use. Design/methodology/approach: Our empirically derived multi-factor model combines insights from various empirical studies of different bilingual populations and it includes a variety of methodologies and approaches, such as lexical categorisation, lexical priming, syntactic priming, event verbalisation and memory, historical language change, grammaticality judgments and observational reports. Data and analysis: We critically discuss both lexical and syntactic processing data, as well as data that reflect bilingual type differences and different communicative situations (i.e. who the bilingual speakers are talking to and for what purpose). Crucially, we explain when the relevant factors collaborate and when they compete. Originality: There are three main reasons why this paper can be deemed original: 1) it offers a unified model for understanding bilingual language processing that is not focused on a single factor or a single linguistic level, as has most often been the case in the past; 2) it brings together the study of bilingualism from both psycholinguistic and sociolinguistic perspectives and in a unifying fashion, which is rare in the literature; and 3) it creates a platform for testing numerous predictions that are not dependent on any one theory. Significance/implications: This new model opens up new avenues for research into bilingual language processing for all types of bilingual speakers and in different communicative situations. It captures and explains the variety of outputs in bilingual communication and enables us to make predictions about communicative outcomes.
Releasing the tether: Weight normalization following corrective spinal fusion in cerebral palsy
Authors: DeFrancesco Christopher J , Miller Daniel J , Cahill Patrick J , Spiegel David A , Flynn John M , Baldwin Keith D 
Published: June 2018

Purpose: Feeding difficulties are common among patients with cerebral palsy (CP) and neuromuscular (NM) scoliosis. We theorize that posterior spinal fusion (PSF) reduces intra-abdominal pressure, resulting in improved feeding and subsequent weight gain. We hypothesized that, among nonambulatory patients with CP and NM scoliosis, we would observe significant gain in weight following PSF. Methods: Fifty subjects with nonambulatory CP who underwent PSF for NM scoliosis were included. Age and weight were recorded for the preoperative year; on the day of surgery; and at 6-month, 1-year, and 2-year follow-up. Weights were converted to weight percentiles using CP-specific growth charts. The weight percentile distributions were compared between time points using descriptive statistics as well as regression analysis. Results: The average change in weight from the day of surgery to 2-year follow-up was +3.4 percentiles. Patients who started out under the 50th percentile gained an average of 17.3 percentiles in the first year after PSF ( p = 0.009). Regression analysis showed that patients with baseline weight <50th percentile tended to gain in weight percentile over the first postoperative year ( β = 1.990, p = 0.001). No trend was present among this group prior to surgery ( p = 0.692) or during the second postoperative year ( p = 0.945). No trends were noted prior to or after surgery for patients with baseline weights ≥50th percentile. No significant association was observed between curve severity (measured by preoperative Cobb angle) and weight change. Conclusions: This series is the first to document significant weight gain after PSF for NM scoliosis, supporting the theory that spinal correction improves digestive function. Level of Evidence: Prognostic level II.
von Willebrand factor enhances microvesicle-induced vascular leakage and coagulopathy in mice with traumatic brain injury
Authors: Wu Yingang , Liu Wei , Zhou Yuan , Hilton Tristan , Zhao Zilong , Liu Wei , Wang Min , Yeon Jason , Houck Katie , Thiagarajan Perumal , Zhang Fangyi , Shi Fu-Dong , Wu Xiaoping , Li Min , Dong Jing-fei , Zhang Jianning 
Published: June 2018

Key PointsInjured brain releases hyperadhesive and microvesicle-bound VWF that causes neurological dysfunction and a systemic hypercoagulable state. ADAMTS-13 protected the blood-brain barrier to prevent TBI-induced neurological dysfunction and systemic coagulopathy.
Associations between circulating full-length angiopoietin-like protein 8 levels and severity of coronary artery disease in Chinese non-diabetic patients: a case–control study
Authors: Jiao Xiaolu , He Jiqiang , Yang Yunyun , Yang Song , Li Juan , Qin Yanwen 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Background
Angiopoietin-like protein 8 (ANGPTL8), which is a novel hormone produced in liver and adipose tissue, is involved in regulating lipid metabolism. Patients with diabetes and coronary artery disease (CAD) have remarkably higher levels of ANGPTL8 than those with only diabetes. However, no studies have investigated the involvement of ANGPTL8 in CAD in Chinese non-diabetic individuals. Therefore, we investigated full-length circulating ANGPTL8 levels in patients with CAD and the association between ANGPT8 levels and severity of CAD in Chinese individuals without diabetes.

Methods
We performed a case–control study in 149 Chinese non-diabetic subjects, including 80 patients with CAD and 69 controls. The Gensini stenosis scoring system was used to assess the severity of CAD. Circulating full-length ANGPTL8 levels were measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. The associations between circulating full-length ANGPTL8 levels and CAD were determined by multivariate logistic regression analysis. The association between ANGPTL8 levels and Gensini scores was determined by multivariate linear regression analysis.

Results
Circulating full-length ANGPTL8 levels were significantly higher in Chinese non-diabetic patients with CAD compared with controls (665.90 ± 243.49 vs 462.27 ± 151.85 pg/ml, P < 0.001). After adjusting for confounding factors, we found that circulating full-length ANGPTL8 levels were an independent risk factor for CAD (odds ratio = 2.002/100 pg ANGPTL8, 95% CI 1.430–2.803, P < 0.001) and circulating ANGPTL8 levels were positively associated with the Gensini score (β = 5.701/100 pg ANGPTL8, 95% CI 1.306–10.096, P = 0.012).

Conclusions
This study shows that the circulating ANGPTL8 levels are significantly increased in patients with CAD compared with controls in Chinese non-diabetic individuals. Circulating full-length ANGPTL8 levels are an independent risk factor for CAD and they are positively associated with the severity of CAD.
Trial registration This study was registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (No. ChiCTR-COC-17010792)
Colourants made from aphids and ivy gum
Authors: Ali Nabil 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine whether workable flesh-toned paints can be made from colourants from aphid insects and ivy gum using medieval gum and scale insect recipes. The processes of extracting pigment from the lesser-known ivy, wormwood and the giant willow aphids were explored, whilst paint binder and colourant was obtained from ivy plant gum. This work follows on experiences applying past practices derived from painters’ to illuminators’ technical manuals using similar processes once used for making colourants from historical scale insects, such as kermes and cochineal. The experimental reconstructions created by using selected locally sourced aphid insects and ivy gum, indicate that an aphid-stain and dye-based colourant which was fixed to calcium carbonate can form a successful paint source.
Common mental disorders and risk factors in rural India: baseline data from the SMART mental health project
Authors: Kallakuri Sudha , Devarapalli Siddhardha , Tripathi Anadya Prakash , Patel Anushka , Maulik Pallab K 
Published: June 2018

BackgroundAbout 10% Indians suffer from stress, depression or substance use disorders. Few receive care for these problems, especially in rural areas.AimsAs part of a broader initiative to deliver technology-enabled mental health services for rural communities (adults ≥18 years), information was collected about the prevalence of depression, anxiety and suicide risk.MethodThe study was conducted in 12 villages in the West Godavari district of Andhra Pradesh. Depression and anxiety were assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7, respectively. Additionally, data were collected about sociodemographic factors and stressful events, among others.ResultsAnxiety, depression and suicidal ideation affected 10.8, 14.4 and 3.5% of participants, respectively (N = 22 377). These were more common among women, and among those who were aged 30–59 years, uneducated, or divorced/ separated/ widowed. Stress due to financial loss was significant.ConclusionsThe study identified a significant number of people at risk of depression, anxiety and suicide, and needing care.Declaration of interestNone.
Fractional anisotropy of the uncinate fasciculus and cingulum in bipolar disorder type I, type II, unaffected siblings and healthy controls
Authors: Foley Sonya F. , Bracher-Smith Matthew , Tansey Katherine E. , Harrison Judith R. , Parker Greg D. , Caseras Xavier 
Published: June 2018

BackgroundFractional anisotropy in the uncinate fasciculus and the cingulum may be biomarkers for bipolar disorder and may even be distinctly affected in different subtypes of bipolar disorder, an area in need of further research.AimsThis study aims to establish if fractional anisotropy in the uncinate fasciculus and cingulum shows differences between healthy controls, patients with bipolar disorder type I (BD-I) and type II (BD-II), and their unaffected siblings.MethodFractional anisotropy measures from the uncinate fasciculus, cingulum body and parahippocampal cingulum were compared with tractography methods in 40 healthy controls, 32 patients with BD-I, 34 patients with BD-II, 17 siblings of patients with BD-I and 14 siblings of patients with BD-II.ResultsThe main effects were found in both the right and left uncinate fasciculus, with patients with BD-I showing significantly lower fractional anisotropy than both patients with BD-II and healthy controls. Participants with BD-II did not differ from healthy controls. Siblings showed similar effects in the left uncinate fasciculus. In a subsequent complementary analysis, we investigated the association between fractional anisotropy in the uncinate fasciculus and polygenic risk for bipolar disorder and psychosis in a large cohort (n= 570) of healthy participants. However, we found no significant association.ConclusionsFractional anisotropy in the uncinate fasciculus differs significantly between patients with BD-I and patients with BD-II and healthy controls. This supports the hypothesis of differences in the physiological sub-tract between bipolar disorder subtypes. Similar results were found in unaffected siblings, suggesting the potential for this biomarker to represent an endophenotype for BD-I. However, fractional anisotropy in the uncinate fasciculus seems unrelated to polygenic risk for bipolar disorder or psychosis.Declaration of interestNone.
Implementation to Optimization: A Tailored, Data-Driven Approach to Improve Provider Efficiency and Confidence in Use of the Electronic Medical Record
Authors: Kadish Sarah S. , Mayer Erica L. , Jackman David M. , Pomerantz Mark , Brady Lauren , Dimitriadis Audra , Cleveland Jessica L.F. , Wagner Andrew J. 
Published: June 2018

Purpose: Nine months after the implementation of a new electronic medical record (EMR) system at a single institution, physicians (MDs), nurse practitioners (NPs), and physician assistants (PAs) expressed frustration with its use. We aimed to test if an individually tailored training approach reduced time spent with the EMR and increased confidence. Materials and Methods: Two hours of training were conducted in a one-on-one manner with a trainer. Content was individualized according to the following: provider survey, EMR utilization profile, and shadowing in clinic. Surveys assessed confidence before training and immediately after training. Changes in time spent in various EMR activities before training and after training were compared. Results: Three trainers delivered one-on-one training to 133 MDs, 42 NPs, and 10 PAs who specialized in medical oncology. Participants reported an increase in confidence across all activities, and almost all providers (98%) who responded to our survey agreed that the training enhanced their efficiency. A non–statistically significant trend toward reduction in the overall time in the system was observed. Time in system was reduced primarily in activities such as documentation and ordering of laboratory tests, imaging, medications, and chemotherapy. Conclusion: A personalized and data-driven training approach was highly regarded by providers. EMR usage reports provided extensive data to identify and prioritize training content and were valuable to measure the impact of training on provider time in system. With the growth of EMR implementation and the reported relationship of EMR use to burnout, continuous and personalized training after EMR implementation is effective to reduce the time in system and increase confidence.
Psychological factors contributing to parenting styles: A systematic review
Authors: Vafaeenejad Zahra , Elyasi Fourozan , Moosazadeh Mahmood , Shahhosseini Zohreh 
Published: June 2018

Background:The set of strategies used by parents to put their children’s behaviors under control are called parenting styles, which can be influenced by numerous factors including socio-economic variables, cultural differences, personal characteristics, and psychological factors. These factors can differently contribute to parenting style. Thus, the purpose of this systematic review was to examine psychological factors affecting parenting style.Methods:This study was a comprehensive literature review using the keywords of parenting styles, psychological factors, and parenting to search the databases of Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Scientific Information Database. In this respect, 416 articles were extracted. 368 articles were removed after reviewing their abstracts and full text and eventually 48 articles were selected to elicit the required data.Results:Our findings were classified under two categories: factors related to parents (mental health status, self-efficacy, parenting stress, perfectionism, personality traits, childhood trauma, marital satisfaction, parents’ attachment style, perceived parenting style, and substance abuse); and those related to children (child developmental and mental disability, child temperament, and anxiety).Conclusions:Considering the multiple psychological factors that affect parenting style, it is recommended to include an assessment of parent-child psychological status in family health programs in order to identify the needs for health-oriented care and take steps towards the development of parenting skills.
Dietary patterns and their association with the components of metabolic syndrome: A cross-sectional study of adults from northeast Thailand
Authors: Chupanit Pornpimon , Muktabhant Benja , Schelp Frank Peter 
Published: June 2018

Background:Nutritional transition influences a shift in eating behaviour that is associated with a rise in the prevalence of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Metabolic syndrome (MetS) comprises a set of NCD risk factors. This study aimed to investigate dietary patterns and to determine the relationship between dietary patterns and MetS and its components.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted among 468 healthy adults aged 35–60 years who were residents of a semi-urban district of one of the central provinces in the northeast of Thailand. A factor analysis identified dietary patterns based on the consumption of 21 food groups, which were assessed by using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. MetS was identified by using the harmonized criteria that were stipulated by six leading international organisations. The association between dietary patterns and MetS and its components were evaluated by multiple logistic regressions. The confounding factors adjusted in the model were age, sex, smoking status, physical activity, and medication intake.Results:Two dietary patterns were identified: a traditional pattern characterised by high intakes of sticky rice and animal source foods; a mixed pattern included high intakes of white rice and a variety of food groups. The two dietary patterns did not show any association with MetS. Participants in the highest tertile of the traditional pattern was significantly related to high triglycerides (adjusted OR = 1.74, 95% CI: 1.10–2.88), in comparison to those from the lowest tertile, whereas participants in the highest tertile of the mixed pattern was inversely associated with abdominal obesity (adjusted OR= 0.49, 95% CI: 0.30–0.81) than those in the lowest tertile.Conclusions:Adherence to a traditional dietary pattern among the northeast Thai adults, in the context of nutrition transition, was associated with high triglyceride levels while the mixed dietary pattern was inversely related to abdominal obesity.
Determining Process Capacity: Intractability and Efficient Special Cases
Authors: Bo Yang , Dawande Milind , Huh Woonghee Tim , Janakiraman Ganesh , Nagarajan Mahesh 
Published: June 2018

Most operations management textbooks use the following simple approximation to illustrate the computation of the capacity of a process: the capacity of each resource is first calculated by examining that resource in isolation; process capacity is then defined as the smallest among the capacities of the resources, that is, bottleneck capacity. In a recent paper, Gurvich and Van Mieghem [Gurvich I, Van Mieghem JA (2015) Collaboration and multitasking in networks: Architectures, bottlenecks, and capacity. Manufacturing Service Oper. Management 17(1):16–33.] show that, in the presence of collaboration and multitasking, this “bottleneck formula” can be significantly inaccurate, and they obtain a necessary and sufficient condition under which it correctly determines process capacity. We provide further clarity on determining process capacity by showing that it is hard to compute process capacity exactly and also to approximate it to within a reasonable factor. These results are based on a novel characterization, which we establish, of process capacity that relates it to the fractional chromatic number of the associated “collaboration graph.” An important implication is that it is unlikely that we can replace the bottleneck formula with a simple but close approximation of process capacity. On the positive side, we show that capacity can be efficiently computed for processes for which the collaboration graph is a perfect graph. From a practical viewpoint, our analysis for general processes results in a natural hierarchy of subclasses of policies that require an increasing amount of sophistication in implementation and management: while process capacity is the maximum long-term process rate achievable over all feasible policies, we provide a precise expression for the maximum process rate over policies in each subclass of this hierarchy, thus highlighting the trade-off between operational difficulty and the achievable process rate. The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2017.0689 .