bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Natural Animal Model System of Craniofacial Anomalies: The Blind Mexican Cavefish
Authors: Gross Joshua B. , Powers Amanda K. 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACTNatural model systems evolving under extreme environmental pressures provide the opportunity to advance our knowledge of how the craniofacial complex evolves in nature. Unlike traditional models, natural systems are less inbred, and, therefore, better model the complex variation of the human population. Owing to the nature of certain craniofacial aberrations in blind Mexican cavefish, we suggest that this organism can provide new insights to a variety of craniofacial changes. Diverse cranial features have evolved in natural cave‐dwelling Astyanax fish, which have thrived in the unforgiving darkness and nutrient‐poor environment of the cave for countless generations. While the genetic and environmental underpinnings of various cranial anomalies have been investigated for decades, a comprehensive characterization of their molecular and developmental origins remains incomplete. Cavefish provide numerous advantages given the availability of genomic resources, developmental and molecular tools, and the presence of a normative surface‐dwelling “ancestral” surrogate for comparative studies. By leveraging the frequency of abnormal and asymmetric cranial features in cavefish, we anticipate advances in our knowledge of the etiologies of irregular cranial features. Extreme adaptations in cavefish are expected to offer new insights into the complex and multifactorial nature of craniofacial disorders and facial asymmetry. Anat Rec, 2018. © 2018 American Association for Anatomy.
Dissociations in the neural substrates of language and social functioning in autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Crutcher Jason , Martin Alex , Wallace Gregory L. 
Published: October 2018

Impairments in social communication (coupled with intact nonsocial language skills) are common in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, the neural correlates of these social communication deficits in adolescents and young adults with ASD are not fully understood. The communication checklist self‐report (CC‐SR) was administered to adolescents and young adults with ASD (n = 52) and typically developing (TD) controls (n = 64) to assess structural‐language, pragmatic‐language, and social‐engagement. One high‐resolution T1‐weighted structural image was obtained from each participant. FreeSurfer was used to quantify cortical thickness. A main effect of diagnosis, with the ASD group performing worse than the TD group on all three CC‐SR scales, and a diagnosis by scale interaction, driven by low social‐engagement self‐ratings in the ASD group, were found. There were also group differences in the relationship between scores on two of the three CC‐SR scales and cortical thickness in multiple regions (pragmatic‐language: left rostral frontal; social‐engagement: left medial prefrontal). These interactions were driven by poorer self‐ratings of language/social skills associated with decreased cortical thickness in the ASD group, while in the TD group worse self‐ratings were associated with thicker cortex. Self‐ratings of language/social‐communication were lower in the ASD than the TD group. Moreover, language/social‐communication self‐ratings showed a different relationship with cortical thickness for the ASD and TD groups in the left inferior frontal region for pragmatic language ratings and the left medial prefrontal cortex for social engagement ratings. These findings suggest thinner cortex is associated with more impaired pragmatic language and social communication abilities in ASD. Autism Res 2018, 11: 1175–1186. © 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Lay SummaryThe present study examines the associations between brain structure and language/social communication ability in adolescents and young adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) as compared to neurotypical adolescents and young adults. We utilized thickness of the cerebral cortex as a measure of brain structure, and we found different correlations between language or social communication ability and cortical thickness in distinct regions for the ASD and TD groups. These findings suggest that for regions implicated in language/social communication ability, decreased cortical thickness is associated with more impaired pragmatic language and social communication abilities in ASD.
Convenient and ultra‐sensitive fluorescence detection of bovine serum albumin by using Rhodamine‐6G modified gold nanoparticles in biological samples
Authors: Verma Vikas Kumar , Tapadia Kavita , Maharana Tungabidya , Sharma Ashima 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThis study comprises a convenient, rapid and very sensitive method for the determination of bovine serum albumin (BSA). The technique is based on fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) between Rhodamine‐6G (R6G) acting as donor and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) acting as acceptors. This method takes advantage of AuNPs that have high quenching efficiency, therefore the absorption spectra range shifts from 521 to 635 nm when aggregation of the AuNPs takes place. Furthermore, when R6G was electrostatically self‐adsorbed to the citrate‐stabilized AuNPs surface the fluorescence intensity was quenched. After addition of BSA, the fluorescence intensity of the R6G recovered as BSA induced aggregation of the AuNPs and the adsorbed R6G was released to the solution. The recovery of intensity displays a linear relationship with BSA concentration over the range from 0.8 × 10−11 M to 5.6 × 10−11 M. The detection limit for BSA was found to be 4.58 × 10−11 M. The proposed method exhibited rapid analysis with high selectivity for BSA determination in human urine, blood and serum samples.
Wound Pathogens: Investigating Antimicrobial Activity of Commercial Essential Oil Combinations against Reference Strains
Authors: Orchard Ané , Viljoen Alvaro , van Vuuren Sandy 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThis study aimed to determine the antimicrobial activity of 247 essential oil combinations against the reference strains of wound pathogens. Essential oil combinations were investigated for antimicrobial activity against five pathogens. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assay was used and the fractional inhibitory concentration index (ΣFIC) calculated to determine interactions between selected oils. Twenty‐six combinations displayed broad‐spectrum antimicrobial activity against all five reference strains and several displayed synergy against more than one pathogen. The combination of Santalum austrocaledonicum (sandalwood) with Commiphora myrrha (myrrh) displayed noteworthy antimicrobial activity against all five reference strains and synergy against four (MIC values 0.03–1.00 mg/ml and ΣFIC values 0.19–1.00 mg/ml) pathogens. No antagonism was observed. Santalum spp. and Vetiveria zizanioides essential oils contributed the most to antimicrobial activity in combination. Essential oil combinations are presented as a viable option in wound therapy.
Exploring the Selective Demethylation of Aryl Methyl Ethers with a Pseudomonas Rieske Monooxygenase
Authors: Lanfranchi Elisa , Trajković Miloš , Barta Katalin , de Vries Johannes G. , Janssen Dick B. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractBiocatalytic dealkylation of aryl methyl ethers is an attractive reaction for valorization of lignin components, as well as for deprotection of hydroxy functionalities in synthetic chemistry. We explored the demethylation of various aryl methyl ethers by using an oxidative demethylase from Pseudomonas sp. HR199. The Rieske monooxygenase VanA and its partner electron transfer protein VanB were recombinantly coexpressed in Escherichia coli and they constituted at least 25 % of the total protein content. Enzymatic transformations showed that VanB accepts NADH and NADPH as electron donors. The VanA–VanB system demethylates a number of aromatic substrates, the presence of a carboxylic acid moiety is essential, and the catalysis occurs selectively at the meta position to this carboxylic acid in the aromatic ring. The reaction is inhibited by the by‐product formaldehyde. Therefore, we tested three different cascade/tandem reactions for cofactor regeneration and formaldehyde elimination; in particular, conversion was improved by addition of formaldehyde dehydrogenase and formate dehydrogenase. Finally, the biocatalyst was applied for the preparation of protocatechuic acid from vanillic acid, giving a 77 % yield of the desired product. The described reaction may find application in the conversion of lignin components into diverse hydroxyaromatic building blocks and generally offers potential for new, mild methods for efficient unmasking of phenols.
Human bone marrow‐derived MSCs spontaneously express specific Schwann cell markers
Authors: Ramli Khairunnisa , Aminath Gasim Ifasha , Ahmad Amir Adham , Hassan Shariful , Law Zhe Kang , Tan Geok Chin , Baharuddin Azmi , Naicker Amaramalar Selvi , Htwe Ohnmar , Mohammed Haflah Nor Hazla , B. H. Idrus Ruszymah , Abdullah Shalimar , Ng Min Hwei 
Published: October 2018

AbstractIn peripheral nerve injuries, Schwann cells (SC) play pivotal roles in regenerating damaged nerve. However, the use of SC in clinical cell‐based therapy is hampered due to its limited availability. In this study, we aim to evaluate the effectiveness of using an established induction protocol for human bone marrow derived‐MSC (hBM‐MSCs) transdifferentiation into a SC lineage. A relatively homogenous culture of hBM‐MSCs was first established after serial passaging (P3), with profiles conforming to the minimal criteria set by International Society for Cellular Therapy (ISCT). The cultures (n = 3) were then subjected to a series of induction media containing β‐mercaptoethanol, retinoic acid, and growth factors. Quantitative RT‐PCR, flow cytometry, and immunocytochemistry analyses were performed to quantify the expression of specific SC markers, that is, S100, GFAP, MPZ and p75 NGFR, in both undifferentiated and transdifferentiated hBM‐MSCs. Based on these analyses, all markers were expressed in undifferentiated hBM‐MSCs and MPZ expression (mRNA transcripts) was consistently detected before and after transdifferentiation across all samples. There was upregulation at the transcript level of more than twofolds for NGF, MPB, GDNF, p75 NGFR post‐transdifferentiation. This study highlights the existence of spontaneous expression of specific SC markers in cultured hBM‐MSCs, inter‐donor variability and that MSC transdifferentiation is a heterogenous process. These findings strongly oppose the use of a single marker to indicate SC fate. The heterogenous nature of MSC may influence the efficiency of SC transdifferentiation protocols. Therefore, there is an urgent need to re‐define the MSC subpopulations and revise the minimal criteria for MSC identification.
Hyperbaric oxygen affects endothelial progenitor cells proliferation in vitro
Authors: Benincasa Julia C. , de Freitas Filho Luiz H. , Carneiro Giane D. , Sielski Micheli S. , Giorgio Selma , Werneck Claudio C. , Vicente Cristina P. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractHyperbaric oxygen is a clinical treatment that contributes to wound healing by increasing fibroblasts proliferation, collagen synthesis, and production of growth factors, inducing angiogenesis and inhibiting antimicrobial activity. It also has been shown that hyperbaric oxygen treatment (HBO), through the activation of nitric oxide synthase promotes an increase in the nitric oxide levels that may improve endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) mobilization from bone marrow to the peripheral blood and stimulates the vessel healing process. However, cellular mechanisms involved in cell proliferation and activation of EPC after HBO treatment remain unknown. Therefore, the present work aimed to analyze the effect of HBO on the proliferation of pre‐treated bone marrow‐derived EPC with TNF‐alpha. Also, we investigated the expression of ICAM and eNOS by immunochemistry, the production of reactive species of oxygen and performed an in vitro wound healing. Although 1h of HBO treatment did not alter the rate of in vitro wound closure or cell proliferation, it increased eNOS expression and decreased ICAM expression and reactive oxygen species production in cells pre‐treated with TNF‐alpha. These results indicate that HBO can decrease the inflammatory response in endothelial cells mediated by TNF‐alpha, and thus, promote vascular recovery after injury.
A case of prolonged generalized exanthematous pustulosis caused by hydroxychloroquine—Literature review
Authors: Mohaghegh Fatemeh , Jelvan Minoo , Rajabi Parvin 
Published: October 2018

Key Clinical MessageAcute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP) is a self‐limited drug reaction. Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) is an uncommon cause of AGEP with a prolonged recovery course; Thus, the physicians should take the possibility of this rare but severe event in their minds and try to diagnose correctly and better management.
Fluorescent light energy: Treating rosacea subtypes 1, 2, and 3
Authors: Sannino Mario , Lodi Giuseppe , Dethlefsen Markus Wied , Nisticò Steven Paul , Cannarozzo Giovanni , Nielsen Michael Canova Engelbrecht 
Published: October 2018

Key Clinical MessageKleresca® biophotonic platform utilizing fluorescent light energy effectively decreased the inflammatory and erythematous reaction common in rosacea subtypes 1, 2, and 3. Kleresca® may be considered as a single treatment for rosacea, targeting multiple features, or combined with invasive methods for an enhanced normalizing and healing profile of the skin.
Treatment of diffuse sclerosing osteomyelitis of the jaw with denosumab shows remarkable results—A report of two cases
Authors: Hallmer Fredrik , Korduner Mikael , Møystad Anne , Bjørnland Tore 
Published: October 2018

Key Clinical MessageDenosumab may play a central role in the treatment of diffuse sclerosing osteomyelitis of the mandible. This report describes two patients who had been treated unsuccessfully with antibiotics and steroids for several years. After denosumab treatment, both patients became pain‐free and the radiological examination showed less severe osteomyelitis.
Differentiating Molecular and Solid‐State Vanadium Oxides as Active Materials in Battery Electrodes
Authors: Anjass Montaha H. , Deisböck Max , Greiner Simon , Fichtner Maximilian , Streb Carsten 
Published: October 2018

AbstractMolecular vanadium oxides – polyoxovanadates (POVs) – have recently received widespread interest as new, high performance active materials in lithium ion and sodium ion battery electrodes. This is due to their low molecular weight and their high redox activity. However, little attention has been paid to the structural and chemical stability of the POVs under typical electrode fabrication processes. Here, we report how molecular polyoxovanadates can be differentiated from solid‐state vanadium oxides as active materials in battery electrodes using combined spectroscopic, X‐ray diffraction and element‐analytical data. Our study highlights that novel electrode fabrication processes are required as prototype POVs are not stable under classical fabrication conditions. We explore POV degradation pathways and show how thermal POV conversion leads to the formation of layered solid‐state lithium vanadium oxide phases. A facile protocol is presented to detect and prevent POV degradation. In future, this will enable energy materials science to unambiguously identify and use molecular or solid‐state vanadium oxides as next‐generation active materials in lithium or post‐lithium battery electrodes.
Newly Synthesized Lipid–Porphyrin Conjugates: Evaluation of Their Self‐Assembling Properties, Their Miscibility with Phospholipids and Their Photodynamic Activity In Vitro
Authors: Massiot Julien , Rosilio Véronique , Ibrahim Nada , Yamamoto Akihisa , Nicolas Valérie , Konovalov Oleg , Tanaka Motomu , Makky Ali 
Published: October 2018

AbstractLipid–porphyrin conjugates are considered nowadays as promising building blocks for the conception of supramolecular structures with multifunctional properties, required for efficient cancer therapy by photodynamic therapy (PDT). The synthesis of two new lipid–porphyrin conjugates coupling pheophorbide‐a (Pheo‐a), a photosensitizer derived from chlorophyll‐a, to either chemically modified lyso‐phosphatidylcholine (PhLPC) or egg lyso‐sphingomyelin (PhLSM) is reported. The impact of the lipid backbone of these conjugates on their self‐assembling properties, as well as on their physicochemical properties, including interfacial behavior at the air/buffer interface, fluorescence and absorption properties, thermotropic behavior, and incorporation rate in the membrane of liposomes were studied. Finally, their photodynamic activity was evaluated on esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and normal esophageal squamous epithelium cell lines. The liposome‐like vesicles resulting from self‐assembly of the pure conjugates were unstable and turned into aggregates with undefined structure within few days. However, both lipid–porphyrin conjugates could be efficiently incorporated in lipid vesicles, with higher loading rates than unconjugated Pheo‐a. Interestingly, phototoxicity tests of free and liposome‐incorporated lipid–porphyrin conjugates demonstrated a better selectivity in vitro to esophageal squamous cell carcinoma relative to normal cells.
Comminution Technology in Times of SOPs and Apps
Authors: Mütze Thomas 
Published: October 2018

AbstractAuf der diesjährigen ACHEMA in Frankfurt waren 48 Anbieter von Zerkleinerungstechnik vertreten, was wiederum einen leichten Rückgang im Vergleich zu den Vorjahren darstellt (2012: 64, 2015: 55). Angepasst an die Anforderungen der chemischen und pharmazeutischen Industrie, bildeten auch diesmal die Laborgeräte für die Produktentwicklung einen Schwerpunkt bei den erstmals ausgestellten Maschinen. Die Übersicht unterteilt die neu vorgestellten Zerkleinerungsmaschinen im Wesentlichen anhand konstruktiver Gesichtspunkte, die in einem engen Zusammenhang mit den Einteilungen nach der Beanspruchungsart, den Festigkeitseigenschaften sowie der Partikelgröße des zu verarbeitenden Materials steht.
Liquid‐phase chemical reactors: Development of 3D hybrid model based on CFD‐adaptive network‐based fuzzy inference system
Authors: Babanezhad Meisam , Rezakazemi Mashallah , Hajilary Nasibeh , Shirazian Saeed 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe Euler‐Euler method plus an intelligent algorithm was used to predict bubbly flow in a reactor as a function of column height. The combination of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and the adaptive network‐based fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) method was used for a chemical bubble column reactor to understand the complex behaviour of fluids in a multiphase reactor. Air fraction as one of the main factors in the scale‐up of reactors was selected as an output parameter for the prediction tool (ANFIS method) at different positions in the reactor. To train and test the prediction ability of this method, a 3D position of one CFD element was selected and, based on that position, a training algorithm was started. After an appropriate learning step, the method was used to simulate gas at different locations of the reactor. The different structures of the ANFIS algorithm were designed to obtain a correct predictive tool for fluid behaviour inside the bubble column. The ANFIS approach shows that it can simulate the liquid behaviour and the CFD results and ANFIS output correlate with one another.
Patterns of care in Jehovah's Witnesses patients with solid tumours and lymphoma
Authors: Chang Lee Rachael , Sukumaran Shawgi , Koczwara Bogda , Woodman Richard , Kichenadasse Ganessan , Roy Amitesh , Vatandoust Sina , Karapetis Chris 
Published: October 2018

AbstractBackgroundSupportive care of Jehovah's Witnesses (JWs) diagnosed with cancer can be challenging, as they do not accept red blood cell (RBC) transfusions.AimThe study was designed to determine treatment preferences and pattern of care offered to JWs diagnosed with cancer and its impact on cancer management.Methods and resultsA retrospective cohort study of JWs with solid malignancies or lymphoma in our institution between 2005 and 2015 was conducted. Survival statistics were estimated using Kaplan Meier survival curves and Cox proportional regression model. A total of 63 JWs were identified with a median age of 70 years. At diagnosis, 34% (n = 22) had anaemia. All 63 declined RBC transfusion, including 19 patients who later developed transfusion threshold during anti‐cancer treatment. Forty‐three percent (n = 27) JWs had advanced (stage 4) disease, and 76% (n = 48) had Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group of 0 to 1. JWs were willing to accept surgery and radiation rather than chemotherapy. Treatment was deemed to be suboptimal in 22% (n = 14) JWs due to early treatment discontinuation, administration of non‐standard chemotherapy regimen, or dose reduction due to anaemia and denial of blood transfusion. Twenty‐seven percent (n = 17) received hematopoietic growth factors (erythropoiesis‐stimulating agents and pegfilgrastim). There was no mortality directly attributed to anaemia or refusal of blood transfusion in the entire cohort.ConclusionJehovah's Witnesses declined RBC transfusion at diagnosis and during cancer therapy even if medically indicated. Management pathways need to be prospectively defined for this group of patients.
Exercises of chromatic investigation and analysis on color education
Authors: Quattrer Milena , Gouveia Anna Paula Silva 
Published: October 2018

AbstractIn Brazilian Elementary School and Middle School, color is treated with less importance when compared to other contents of the Art curriculum, which contributes to the perpetuation of the conceptual problems of color education. The teaching practice with regard to color education has demonstrated that practical exercises of investigation and chromatic analysis, based on the Munsell system, is an important pedagogical resource, specifically for teaching basic concepts of color theory. Because, without understanding these concepts there is no way to advance the study of important content for Technical, Undergraduate, and Graduate courses in Art and Design, such as color systems and colorimetry.
C2C interaction quality identification with SVM based on Kano model
Authors: Liu Yaqin , Luo XinXing 
Published: October 2018

SummaryCustomer‐to‐customer (C2C) interaction is a basic characteristic of social commerce, which is potentially to generate substantial economic benefits. The C2C interaction quality is employed to describe the impact on consumers' purchasing intention. This paper presents a Kano method–based C2C interaction model to study different factors involved with the communication process. Further, with the analysis of consumers' communication factors, a support vector machine classification system is established and learns to identify the quality of C2C interaction. Our results prove that the proposed methodology is feasible for C2C interaction quality distinguishing and highlights the importance of basic communication properties for supporting the purchase decisions.