bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adverse events caused by cannabinoids in middle aged and older adults for all indications: a meta-analysis of incidence rate difference
Authors: Velayudhan Latha , Pisani Sara , Dugonjic Marta , McGoohan Katie , Bhattacharyya Sagnik 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Cannabinoid-based medicines (CBMs) are being used widely in older people. However, information on the incidence of adverse events (AEs) is limited.

Objective
To quantify the incidence rate difference (IRD) of AEs in middle aged and older adults of age ≥50 years receiving CBMs and also examine associations with weekly doses.

Design
Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Data sources
MEDLINE, PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsychInfo, Cochrane Library and ClinicalTrials.gov (1st Jan 1990–12th June 2023).

Methods
We included randomised clinical trials (RCTs) using CBMs with mean participant age ≥50 years for medicinal purposes for all clinical indications. Paired reviewers independently screened studies, extracted data and appraised risk of bias. We estimated pooled effect-sizes IRD under the random-effects model.

Results
Data from 58 RCTs (37 moderate-high quality studies, pooled n = 6611, mean age range 50–87 years, 50% male, n = 3450 receiving CBMs) showed that compared with controls, the incidence of all-cause and treatment-related AEs attributable to delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)-containing CBMs were: THC alone [IRD:18.83(95% Confidence Interval [CI], 1.47–55.79) and 16.35(95% CI, 1.25–48.56)] respectively; THC:cannabidiol (CBD) combination [IRD:19.37(95% CI, 4.24–45.47) and 11.36(95% CI, 2.55–26.48)] respectively. IRDs of serious AEs, withdrawals and deaths were not significantly greater for CBMs containing THC with or without CBD. THC dose-dependently increased the incidence of dry mouth, dizziness/lightheadedness, mobility/balance/coordination difficulties, dissociative/thinking/perception problems and somnolence/drowsiness. The interaction of weekly THC:CBD doses played a role in mostly neurological, psychiatric and cardiac side-effects.

Conclusions
Although CBMs in general are safe and acceptable in middle aged and older adults, one needs to be mindful of certain common dose-dependent side-effects of THC-containing CBMs.
Pectoralis Major Muscle 3D Volumetric Reconstruction in the Tuberous Breast: Anatomical and Radiomics Differences With Potential Surgical Impact
Authors: Vaccari Stefano , Lusi Stefano , Klinger Marco Ettore Attilio , Provini Francesca , Furlan Simone , Bandi Valeria , Di Giuli Riccardo , Bernardi Daniela , Klinger Francesco Maria , Vinci Valeriano 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Tuberous breast (TB) is a congenital anomaly characterized by morphological, structural, and breast region alterations. The pectoralis major muscle (PMM) is crucial for correction when placing breast implants. Alterations at this level have received little attention in the literature.

Objectives
In this study we aimed to define the anatomical characteristics of the PMM in TB patients with radiomics data extracted from MRI sequences.

Methods
The PMMs of 30 TB patients and 30 controls were analyzed by manual segmentation with 3D-Slicer v.5.4.0 software and radiomics techniques. A total of 46 features were extracted, both first-order statistical features and shape features (eg, median, mean, standard deviation, volume, area, centroid, number of voxels, flatness, roundness, elongation, principal axis length x, y, z, diameter).

Results
A statistically significant difference was found in favor of the TB group for PMM roundness; PMM elongation was greater in the TB group. Principal axes 1, 2, and 3 were analyzed in the 3 planes x, y, and z. In the TB group, principal x axis 3 was lower than in the control group. Also, between the axes, principal z axis 2 was on average higher in the TB group than in the non-TB group.

Conclusions
These results provide the first quantitative evidence of alterations affecting the PMM in TB patients. These differences were found in different planes and volumetric shape features, with potential surgical implications.

Level of Evidence: 4
(Therapeutic)
Aging and environment affect female more than male color in a mutually ornamented bird
Authors: Gomes Ana Cristina R , Guerra Soraia , Romero-Diaz Cristina , Silva Paulo A , Trigo Sandra , Cardoso Gonçalo C 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Color ornamentation is often sexually selected as a signal of condition, which may be affected by the environment and senescence, but long-term studies in mutually ornamented species are rare, limiting our understanding of sex-specific senescence. We measured color ornamentation of 60 common waxbills (Estrilda astrild) after capture from the wild and in 4 autumns in a large open-air mesocosm. We found longitudinal decreases in the size of the red mask and redness of plumage and bill color, consistent with senescence. Bill color decreased more in females. In males, there was a longitudinal increase in the size of the red breast patch. We also found increased color ornamentation, especially in females, when moving from the wild to the mesocosm, likely due to environmental effects. Monitoring waxbills in bird cages suggested that bill and plumage redness peak in the breeding season. Stronger senescence and environmental effects in females indicate cautious investment in ornamentation, while weaker senescence in males could be due to stronger sexual selection. Overall, although similarly ornamented, the sexes differ in their temporal investment in ornamentation, in line with their life histories.
Toward molecular diagnosis of major depressive disorder by plasma peptides using a deep learning approach
Authors: Wang Jiaqi , Xi Ronggang , Wang Yi , Gao Huiyuan , Gao Ming , Zhang Xiaozhe , Zhang Lihua , Zhang Yukui 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a severe psychiatric disorder that currently lacks any objective diagnostic markers. Here, we develop a deep learning approach to discover the mass spectrometric features that can discriminate MDD patients from health controls. Using plasma peptides, the neural network, termed as CMS-Net, can perform diagnosis and prediction with an accuracy of 0.9441. The sensitivity and specificity reached 0.9352 and 0.9517 respectively, and the area under the curve was enhanced to 0.9634. Using the gradient-based feature importance method to interpret crucial features, we identify 28 differential peptide sequences from 14 precursor proteins (e.g. hemoglobin, immunoglobulin, albumin, etc.). This work highlights the possibility of molecular diagnosis of MDD with the aid of chemical and computer science.
The improved de Bruijn graph for multitask learning: predicting functions, subcellular localization, and interactions of noncoding RNAs
Authors: Wei Yuxiao , Zhang Qi , Liu Liwei 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Noncoding RNA refers to RNA that does not encode proteins. The lncRNA and miRNA it contains play crucial regulatory roles in organisms, and their aberrant expression is closely related to various diseases. Traditional experimental methods for validating the interactions of these RNAs have limitations, and existing prediction models exhibit relatively limited functionality, relying on isolated feature extraction and performing poorly in handling various types of small sample tasks. This paper proposes an improved de Bruijn graph that can inject RNA structural information into the graph while preserving sequence information. Furthermore, the improved de Bruijn graph enables graph neural networks to learn broader dependencies and correlations among data by introducing richer edge relationships. Meanwhile, the multitask learning model, DVMnet, proposed in this paper can handle multiple related tasks, and we optimize model parameters by integrating the total loss of three tasks. This enables multitask prediction of RNA interactions, disease associations, and subcellular localization. Compared with the best existing models in this field, DVMnet has achieved the best performance with a 3% improvement in the area under the curve value and demonstrates robust results in predicting diseases and subcellular localization. The improved de Bruijn graph is also applicable to various scenarios and can unify the sequence and structural information of various nucleic acids into a single graph.
Protomix: a Python package for 1H-NMR metabolomics data preprocessing
Authors: Zniber Mohammed , Fatihi Youssef , Huynh Tan-Phat 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Motivation
NMR-based metabolomics is a field driven by technological advancements, necessitating the use of advanced preprocessing tools. Despite this need, there is a remarkable scarcity of comprehensive and user-friendly preprocessing tools in Python. To bridge this gap, we have developed Protomix—a Python package designed for metabolomics research. Protomix offers a set of automated, efficient, and user-friendly signal-preprocessing steps, tailored to streamline and enhance the preprocessing phase in metabolomics studies.

Results
This package presents a comprehensive preprocessing pipeline compatible with various data analysis tools. It encompasses a suite of functionalities for data extraction, preprocessing, and interactive visualization. Additionally, it includes a tutorial in the form of a Python Jupyter notebook, specifically designed for the analysis of 1D 1H-NMR metabolomics data related to prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia.

Availability and implementation
Protomix can be accessed at https://github.com/mzniber/protomix and https://protomix.readthedocs.io/en/latest/index.html.
Phylogeography and palaeoecological modelling shed light on the diversification history of a montane New Guinea passerine, Peneothello cyanus (Petroicidae)
Authors: Benz Brett W 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Tropical montane ecosystems have undergone recurrent elevational shifts in distribution owing to climatic cycling in the Quaternary, yet the extent to which these events have influenced patterns of diversification and endemism within highland bird communities remains poorly understood. Here, I examine the phylogeographical structure and palaeoecology of a montane New Guinea passerine (Peneothello cyanus) to assess how climate change and topography have shaped its evolutionary history. Mitochondrial sequence data were collected from 169 individuals across 31 localities, and the resulting spatial assessments of genetic variation were integrated with contemporary and Last Glacial Maximum ecological niche reconstructions to test hypotheses of climate-mediated diversification. Three primary lineages of mid-Pleistocene origin were recovered within P. cyanus, revealing a previously unrecognized contact zone in the Star Mountains. Population genetic structure was largely consistent with the distribution of contemporary sky islands and an isolation-by-distance effect, as indicated by hierarchical analyses of molecular variance and Mantel tests, respectively. Although global cooling during the Last Glacial Maximum is likely to have enhanced population connectivity within the central cordillera of New Guinea, persistence of genetic diversity and population structure across multiple climate cycles suggests that dispersal ability and constraints on admixture associated with the linear distribution of these montane environments have played a larger role in shaping regional genetic structure.
The role of Q10 engineering mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes in inhibiting ferroptosis for diabetic wound healing
Authors: Yang Ronghua , Zhou Sitong , Huang Jie , Kang Deni , Chen Yao , Wang Xinyi , Shi Yan , Wang Zhengguang 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Ferroptosis plays an essential role in the development of diabetes and its complications, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic target. Stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) are increasingly being developed as nano-scale drug carriers. The aim of this study was to determine the role of ferroptosis in the pathogenesis of diabetic wound healing and evaluate the therapeutic effects of coenzyme Q10 (Q10)-stimulated exosmes derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs).

Methods
Human keratinocytes (HaCaTs) were exposed to high glucose (HG) conditions in vitro to mimic diabetic conditions, and the ferroptosis markers and expression level of acyl-coenzyme A synthase long-chain family member 4 (ACSL4) were determined. Exosomes were isolated from control and Q10-primed umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (huMSCs) and characterized by tramsmission electron microscopy and immunofluorescence staining. The HG-treated HaCaTs were cultured in the presence of exosomes derived from Q10-treated huMSCs (Q10-Exo) and their in vitro migratory capacity was analyzed.

Results
Q10-Exo significantly improved keratinocyte viability and inhibited ferroptosis in vitro. miR-548ai and miR-660 were upregulated in the Q10-Exo and taken up by HaCaT cells. Furthermore, miR-548ai and miR-660 mimics downregulated ACSL4-inhibited ferroptosis in the HG-treated HaCaT cells and enhanced their proliferation and migration. However, simultaneous upregulation of ACSL4 reversed their effects. Q10-Exo also accelerated diabetic wound healing in a mouse model by inhibiting ACSL4-induced ferroptosis.

Conclusions
Q10-Exo promoted the proliferation and migration of keratinocytes and inhibited ferroptosis under hyperglycemic conditions by delivering miR-548ai and miR-660. Q10-Exo also enhanced cutaneous wound healing in diabetic mice by repressing ACSL4-mediated ferroptosis.
Genome-wide identification of SSR markers from coding regions for endangered Argania spinosa L. skeels and construction of SSR database: AsSSRdb
Authors: Rabeh Karim , Mghazli Najoua , Gaboun Fatima , Filali-Maltouf Abdelkarim , Sbabou Laila , Belkadi Bouchra 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Microsatellites [simple sequence repeats (SSRs)] are one of the most widely used sources of genetic markers, particularly prevalent in plants. Despite their importance in various applications, a comprehensive genome-wide identification of coding sequence (CDS)-associated SSR markers in the Argania spinosa L. genome has yet to be conducted. In this study, 66 280 CDSs containing 5351 SSRs within 4535 A. spinosa L. CDSs were identified. Among these, tri-nucleotide motifs (58.96%) were the most common, followed by hexa-nucleotide (15.71%) and di-nucleotide motifs (13.32%). The predominant SSR motif in the tri-nucleotide category was AAG (24.4%), while AG (94.1%) was the most abundant among di-nucleotide repeats. Furthermore, the extracted CDSs containing SSRs were subjected to functional annotation; 3396 CDSs (74.88%) exhibited homology with known proteins, 3341 CDSs (73.7%) were assigned Gene Ontology terms, 1004 CDSs were annotated with Enzyme Commission numbers, and 832 (18.3%) were annotated with KEGG pathways. A total of 3475 primer pairs were designed, out of which 3264 were successfully validated in silico against the A. spinosa L. genome, with 99.6% representing high-resolution markers yielding no more than three products. Additionally, the SSR markers demonstrated a low rate of transferability through in-silico verification in two species within the Sapotaceae family. Furthermore, we developed an online database, the “Argania spinosa L. SSR database: https://as-fmmdb.shinyapps.io/asssrdb/” (AsSSRdb) to provide access to the CDS-associated SSRs identified in this study. Overall, this research provides valuable marker resources for DNA fingerprinting, genetic studies, and molecular breeding in argan and related species.
Database URL: https://as-fmmdb.shinyapps.io/asssrdb/
The transaxillary concept for minimally invasive isolated aortic valve replacement: results of 1000 consecutive patients
Authors: Wilbring Manuel , Arzt Sebastian , Taghizadeh-Waghefi Ali , Petrov Asen , Di Eusanio Marco , Matschke Klaus , Alexiou Konstantin , Kappert Utz 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
The transaxillary concept for minimally invasive cardiac surgery-aortic valve replacement is a new and versatile approach with nearly no visible scars. Due to its novelty, available data in literature are scarce. This study reports clinical outcomes of 1000 consecutive patients.

METHODS
Between 2019 and 2023, 4394 patients underwent elective isolated aortic valve procedures, with 2958 (67.5%) transcatheter aortic valve implantation’s and 1436 patients surgical aortic valve replacement’s (32.5%). Within this period, 1st consecutive 1000 transaxillary isolated minimally invasive cardiac surgery-aortic valve replacement were enrolled. Endocarditis, redo’s or combined procedures were excluded. Mean age was 67.9 ± 8.3 years, STS-PROM 1.39 ± 2.89% and EuroScore II 1.65 ± 1.12%.

RESULTS
Use of the transaxillary access increased from 18.7% (2019) to 97.8% (2023). Mean procedure time was 127 ± 31 min, and average cross-clamp time was 43 ± 14 min. Used prostheses were rapid deployment (81.1%), sutured biologic (14.5%) or sutured mechanical valves (4.1%). Conversion rate was 1.9%. No patient died intraoperatively. Thirty-day major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular event was 1.9% including 0.9% mortality, 0.8% perioperative stroke and 0.6% myocardial infarction. Multivariate factors for major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular event are intraoperative conversion [OR 1.08 (1.00–1.16); P = 0.04], intraoperative transfusions [OR 1.21 (1.07–1.38); P &lt; 0.01] and respiratory failure [OR 1.39 (1.30–1.49); P &lt; 0.01]. Corresponding factors for mortality are diabetes on insulin [OR 1.02 (1.00–1.04); P = 0.03], pure aortic regurgitation for primary indication [OR 1.03 (1.01–1.05); P &lt; 0.01], intraoperative conversion [OR 1.11 (1.07–1.16); P &lt; 0.01], renal failure [OR 1.08 (1.05–1.10); P &lt; 0.01] and respiratory failure [OR 1.22 (1.17–1.26); P &lt; 0.01].

CONCLUSIONS
Transaxillary minimally invasive cardiac surgery-aortic valve replacement is a safe, effective and cosmetically convincing method for surgical aortic valve replacement, having the potential for &gt;95.0% minimally invasive cardiac surgery rate in selected patients.
Serum and urinary 5-hydroxyindolacetic acid, serotonin, chromogranin A, and NT-proBNP for the detection of carcinoid heart disease
Authors: Lecoeur Antoine , Sfeir Rita-Maria , Gerard Laura , Souifi Myriam , Damour Johanna , Lombard-Bohas Catherine , Francois Laurent , Fort Justine , Delsart Daphne , Forestier Julien , Walter Thomas , Durand Alice , Chardon Laurence 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objective
The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of different biomarkers for the detection of carcinoid heart disease (CHD) in neuroendocrine tumours (NETs), in particular serum 5-HIAA (s5HIAA).

Design
An explorative ancillary study of the French CrusoeNET cohort.

Methods
Patients managed in the Lyon-EURACAN Center of Excellence (CoE) were included when they were aged of at least 18 years, treated and followed for an advanced/metastatic ileum or lung NET, a NET irrespective of the primary location or from unknown primary location but with clinical CS, and/or elevation of urinary 5-HIAA (u5HIAA) twice greater than the upper limit of normal. All patients included had 1 available serum stored within the local biobank between January 2021 and April 2022. Echocardiography was performed by 1 of the 3 expert cardiologists of the Lyon-EURACAN-CoE.

Results
We included 138 patients with NETs, mainly of the small intestine and lung, and 19 of them had a CHD. Analysis showed that s5HIAA was well correlated with u5HIAA (ρ = 0.824 [0.76-0.88], P &lt; .0001) and was a good biomarker for CHD detection (receiver operating characteristic curve = 0.85 [0.75-0.94], P &lt; .0001). Using a threshold value of 757 nmol/L, the sensitivity and specificity for the detection of CHD were 84% and 80%, respectively.

Conclusions
s5HIAA is highly sensitive and specific for CHD detection. It could be used as a pre-screening tool in centres where systematic and regular echocardiography by an expert cardiologist is not performed in this population.
Reporting of participant race and ethnicity from COVID-19 randomized controlled drug and biologicals trials: a scoping review
Authors: Pranić Shelly Melissa , Estevão Maria Dulce , Vasanthan Lenny T , Pérez-Neri Iván , Pulumati Anika , de Lima Junior Fábio Antonio Serra , Malih Narges , Mishra Vinayak , Thompson Jacqueline , Nnate Daniel 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Racial and ethnic minorities have been disproportionally burdened by hospitalization and death due to COVID-19. Participation of individuals of diverse races and ethnicities in clinical trials, according to study-level characteristics of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that test effectiveness of COVID-19 drugs, could be insightful for future researchers. Our objective for this scoping review was to describe the frequency of race and ethnicity reported as demographic variables and specific reporting of race and ethnicity according to COVID-19 RCT characteristics. We conducted comprehensive searches in PubMed, ProQuest, World Health Organization Database, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and gray literature via preprint servers from January 1, 2020, to May 4, 2022. We included RCTs on emergency- or conditionally approved COVID-19 drug interventions (remdesivir, baricitinib, and molnupiravir) with or without comparators. Self-reported race as American Indian/Pacific Islander, Asian, Black/African American, or White, ethnicity as Hispanic/Latinx, study design characteristics, and participant-relevant data were collected. In total, 17 RCTs with 17 935 participants were included. Most (n = 13; 76%) reported at least 1 race and ethnicity and were US-based, industry-funded RCTs. Asian, Black, Latinx, and White participants were mostly enrolled in RCTs that studied remdesivir. Native American and Hawaiian participants were mostly assessed for progression to high-flow oxygen/noninvasive ventilation. Time to recovery was assessed predominantly in Black and White participants, whereas hospitalization or death was mostly assessed in Asian, Latinx, and multirace participants. Trialists should be aware of RCT-level factors and characteristics that may be associated with low participation of racial and ethnic minorities, which could inform evidence-based interventions to increase minority participation.