bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetic basis of voluntary water consumption in two divergently selected strains of inbred mice
Authors: Haag Maria , Wells Kevin , Lamberson William 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundInbred mouse strains with normal renal function show a substantial difference in daily water consumption across strains. This study uses two strains of inbred mice C57BR/CDJ (BR), which are high consumers, and C57BL/10J (BL), which are low consumers, their reciprocal F1 crosses, inter se bred F2s and backcrosses produced by breeding high consuming F2 animals to the low consumer parent strain and low consuming F2 animals to the high consuming parent strain. Consumption was corrected for body weight prior to analysis.MethodsThe effective number of genes controlling water consumption was estimated using the Castle–Wright estimator. Additive and dominance genotypic values as well as the degree of dominance were calculated using estimated strain means.ResultsAccording to Castle–Wright, a minimum of 10 factors were estimated to affect the difference in consumption across the two strains. Between seven and eight are expected to be high effect factors. Using the Zeng adjustment, it was determined that 30–40 factors potentially affect the difference in consumption.ConclusionsThese numbers were surprising but may be related to several sources of variation present in the BR strain. A negative degree of dominance indicated the BL strain has more dominant factors.
Degradation of mixed dye via heterogeneous Fenton process: Studies of calcination, toxicity evaluation, and kinetics
Authors: Kumar Vijyendra , Pandey Neha , Dharmadhikari Sandeep , Ghosh Prabir 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIn this study, the degradation of mixed dye (mixture of Azure B and Congo red) was investigated using iron‐loaded black soil as a catalyst via Fenton process. Iron‐loaded black soil catalyst was prepared by the wet impregnation method, calcined at different temperatures with varying of iron loading on black soil. Their behavior was compared through characterization techniques (FTIR and XRD). Separately, the effect of calcination and aging of catalyst was investigated on the degradation of mixed dye with optimized conditions. Significant degradation (>90% only in 10 min) was observed in optimum conditions. Toxicity measurement was done by a seed germination test which gave significant results. In the kinetic study, it was found that Behnajady–Modirshahla–Ghanbery (BMG) model was the best suited for this process compared to other models. In addition, thermodynamic properties (Gibbs free energy [∆G], activation energy [Ea], activation enthalpy [∆H], and activation entropy [∆S]) were also calculated. The stability of synthesized catalyst was found to be satisfactory.Practitioner points

Application of Iron‐loaded black soil catalyst

Mixed dye degradation and toxicity measurement

Thermodynamic property studies
Read atomic transactions with prevention of lost updates: ROLA and its formal analysis
Authors: Liu Si , Ölveczky Peter Csaba , Wang Qi , Gupta Indranil , Meseguer José 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Designers of distributed database systems face the choice between stronger consistency guarantees and better performance. A number of applications only require
read atomicity
(RA) (either all or none of a transaction’s updates are visible to other transactions) and
prevention of lost updates
(PLU). Existing distributed transaction systems that meet these requirements also provide additional stronger consistency guarantees (such as
causal consistency
), but this comes at the price of lower performance. In this paper we propose a new distributed transaction protocol, ROLA, that targets application scenarios where only RA and PLU are needed. We formally specify ROLA in Maude. We then perform model checking to analyze both the correctness and the performance of ROLA. For correctness, we use standard model checking to analyze ROLA’s satisfaction of RA and PLU. To analyze
performance
we: (a) perform statistical model checking to analyze key performance properties; and (b) compare these performance results with those obtained by also modeling and analyzing in Maude the well-known protocols Walter and Jessy that also guarantee RA and PLU. Our statistical model checking results show that ROLA outperforms both Walter and Jessy.
James Ellroy’s Critical Criminology: Crimes of the Powerful in the Underworld USA Trilogy
Authors: McGregor Rafe 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis article argues for the criminological value of James Ellroy’s fiction, using hisUnderworld USA Trilogy(the “Trilogy”) as a case study. I present theTrilogyas a critical criminological enterprise, understood in the sense of offering a convincing explanation of the cause(s) of social harm—specifically, those committed by various agencies of the American government from the late 1950s to the early 1970s. Ellroy’sTrilogyprovides this explanation in two distinct ways, using literary devices first to establish a counterfactual vision of America during the 1960s and then to represent the lived experience of perpetrators of state-sponsored social harm. In conveying such criminological knowledge, theTrilogyconstitutes an instance of critical criminology and demonstrates the exercise of the criminological imagination.
Topic modeling for anomaly detection in telecommunication networks
Authors: Steinhauer H. Joe , Helldin Tove , Mathiason Gunnar , Karlsson Alexander 
Published: August 2019

AbstractTo ensure reliable network performance, anomaly detection is an important part of the telecommunication operators’ work. This includes that operators need to timely intervene with the network, should they encounter indications of network performance degradation. In this paper, we describe the results of an initial experiment for anomaly detection with regard to network performance, using topic modeling on base station run-time variable data collected from live Radio Access Networks (RANs). The results show that topic modeling clusters semantically related data in the same way as human experts would and that the anomalies in our test cases could be identified in latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) topic models. Our experiment further reveals which information provided by the topic model is particularly usable to support human anomaly detection in this application domain.
WHAT CAN L2 WRITERS’ PAUSING BEHAVIOR TELL US ABOUT THEIR L2 WRITING PROCESSES?
Authors: Barkaoui Khaled 
Published: August 2019

AbstractWhen responding to a writing task, writers spend a significant amount of their time not writing. These periods of physical inactivity, or pauses, during writing provide observable and measurable cues as to when, where, and how long writers halt to plan and/or revise their texts. Consequently, examining writers’ pausing patterns can provide important insights into the cognitive processes that writers employ when composing and the impact of various individual, task, and contextual factors on those processes. This article discusses theory and research on writers’ pausing behavior; how pause analysis can be used to investigate second language (L2) learners’ writing processes; challenges in researching writers’ pausing behavior (e.g., defining pauses); and some strategies to address these challenges. Next, the article illustrates how L2 writers’ pause data can be collected, analyzed, and interpreted, using keystroke logging data from a research project that aimed to examine the effects of task type, L2 proficiency, and keyboarding skills on L2 learners’ writing processes when writing on the computer. The article concludes with a call for more research on L2 writers’ pausing behavior, particularly how L2 writers’ pausing behavior relates to L2 writing outcomes and development across learners, contexts, and time.
In Situ Measurements of Lunar Dust at the Chang'E‐3 Landing Site in the Northern Mare Imbrium
Authors: Li Detian , Wang Yi , Zhang He , Zhuang Jianhong , Wang Xiaojun , Wang Yongjun , Yang Shengsheng , Sun Zezhou , Wang Xianrong , Chen Liping , Yao Rijian , Zou Xin , Ma Jinan , Cui Yang , Wang Xilai , Li Cunhui , Zhang Haiyan , Li Xiongyao , Gao Xin , Cui Xinyu , Zhang Biao , Li Wenfeng , Lin Hongyu 
Published: August 2019

AbstractLunar dust is regarded as the most crucial environmental problem on the Moon, and related research has crucially important scientific and technological interests. Here, we first reported the in situ measurements of lunar dust at the Chang'E‐3 landing site in the northern Mare Imbrium using temperature‐controlled sticky quartz crystal microbalance. The results showed that a total deposition mass at a height of 190 cm above the lunar surface during 12 lunar daytimes in the northern Mare Imbrium was about 0.0065 mg/cm2, corresponding to an annual deposition rate of ~21.4 μg/cm2, which is comparable with that of Apollo's result to some extent. The present researches are strategically important for future human and robotic lunar expeditions, and can provide a valuable reference for the design of dust protection for onboard payloads long‐term exposure to the lunar environment.
Characterization of the Pore Structure of Porous Media Using non‐Newtonian Fluids
Authors: Hauswirth Scott C. , Abou Najm Majdi R. , Miller Cass T. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractWe demonstrate a simple, cheap method for pore size characterization of porous media that generates a distribution of pore radii for improved flow and transport modeling. The new method for pore structure characterization utilizes recent theoretical developments in non‐Newtonian fluids. Numerical evaluations and validations with synthetic porous media showed potential for obtaining a distribution of effective pore radii and their contribution to total flow only by complementing water with non‐Newtonian fluids in saturated infiltration experiments. To demonstrate this ability on real sands, a series of one‐dimensional column experiments was conducted with varying porous medium packings, including Accusands and a polydisperse sand/glass bead mixture. For each packing, distilled water and varying concentrations of guar and xanthan gum were injected over a range of flow rates and pressure gradients. The model‐generated pore radii were compared with pore radius distributions measured by X‐ray microcomputed tomography (μCT), with results demonstrating good agreement between the model and μCT data. Simulations of saturated water flow and drainage curves using model‐generated pore radii compared favorably to experimental data, with errors typically between 2% and 10% for single‐phase flow and approaching the error of the μCT measured radius distributions for the drainage curves.
IFN-β is a macrophage-derived effector cytokine facilitating the resolution of bacterial inflammation
Authors: Kumaran Satyanarayanan Senthil , El Kebir Driss , Soboh Soaad , Butenko Sergei , Sekheri Meriem , Saadi Janan , Peled Neta , Assi Simaan , Othman Amira , Schif-Zuck Sagie , Feuermann Yonatan , Barkan Dalit , Sher Noa , Filep János G. , Ariel Amiram 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe uptake of apoptotic polymorphonuclear cells (PMN) by macrophages is critical for timely resolution of inflammation. High-burden uptake of apoptotic cells is associated with loss of phagocytosis in resolution phase macrophages. Here, using a transcriptomic analysis of macrophage subsets, we show that non-phagocytic resolution phase macrophages express a distinct IFN-β-related gene signature in mice. We also report elevated levels of IFN-β in peritoneal and broncho-alveolar exudates in mice during the resolution of peritonitis and pneumonia, respectively. Elimination of endogenous IFN-β impairs, whereas treatment with exogenous IFN-β enhances, bacterial clearance, PMN apoptosis, efferocytosis and macrophage reprogramming. STAT3 signalling in response to IFN-β promotes apoptosis of human PMNs. Finally, uptake of apoptotic cells promotes loss of phagocytic capacity in macrophages alongside decreased surface expression of efferocytic receptors in vivo. Collectively, these results identify IFN-β produced by resolution phase macrophages as an effector cytokine in resolving bacterial inflammation.
An oxalate cathode for lithium ion batteries with combined cationic and polyanionic redox
Authors: Yao Wenjiao , Armstrong A. Robert , Zhou Xiaolong , Sougrati Moulay-Tahar , Kidkhunthod Pinit , Tunmee Sarayut , Sun Chenghua , Sattayaporn Suchinda , Lightfoot Philip , Ji Bifa , Jiang Chunlei , Wu Nanzhong , Tang Yongbing , Cheng Hui-Ming 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe growing demand for advanced lithium-ion batteries calls for the continued development of high-performance positive electrode materials. Polyoxyanion compounds are receiving considerable interest as alternative cathodes to conventional oxides due to their advantages in cost, safety and environmental friendliness. However, polyanionic cathodes reported so far rely heavily upon transition-metal redox reactions for lithium transfer. Here we show a polyanionic insertion material, Li2Fe(C2O4)2, in which in addition to iron redox activity, the oxalate group itself also shows redox behavior enabling reversible charge/discharge and high capacity without gas evolution. The current study gives oxalate a role as a family of cathode materials and suggests a direction for the identification and design of electrode materials with polyanionic frameworks.
Hydrogen peroxide release by bacteria suppresses inflammasome-dependent innate immunity
Authors: Erttmann Saskia F. , Gekara Nelson O. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractHydrogen peroxide (H2O2) has a major function in host-microbial interactions. Although most studies have focused on the endogenous H2O2produced by immune cells to kill microbes, bacteria can also produce H2O2. How microbial H2O2influences the dynamics of host-microbial interactions is unclear. Here we show that H2O2released byStreptococcus pneumoniaeinhibits inflammasomes, key components of the innate immune system, contributing to the pathogen colonization of the host. We also show that the oral commensal H2O2-producing bacteriaStreptococcus oraliscan block inflammasome activation. This study uncovers an unexpected role of H2O2in immune suppression and demonstrates how, through this mechanism, bacteria might restrain the immune system to co-exist with the host.
Cryoprotectant enables structural control of porous scaffolds for exploration of cellular mechano-responsiveness in 3D
Authors: Jiang Shumeng , Lyu Cheng , Zhao Peng , Li Wenjing , Kong Wenyu , Huang Chenyu , Genin Guy M. , Du Yanan 
Published: August 2019

AbstractDespite the wide applications, systematic mechanobiological investigation of 3D porous scaffolds has yet to be performed due to the lack of methodologies for decoupling the complex interplay between structural and mechanical properties. Here, we discover the regulatory effect of cryoprotectants on ice crystal growth and use this property to realize separate control of the scaffold pore size and stiffness. Fibroblasts and macrophages are sensitive to both structural and mechanical properties of the gelatin scaffolds, particularly to pore sizes. Interestingly, macrophages within smaller and softer pores exhibit pro-inflammatory phenotype, whereas anti-inflammatory phenotype is induced by larger and stiffer pores. The structure-regulated cellular mechano-responsiveness is attributed to the physical confinement caused by pores or osmotic pressure. Finally, in vivo stimulation of endogenous fibroblasts and macrophages by implanted scaffolds produce mechano-responses similar to the corresponding cells in vitro, indicating that the physical properties of scaffolds can be leveraged to modulate tissue regeneration.
Functional genetic variants can mediate their regulatory effects through alteration of transcription factor binding
Authors: Johnston Andrew D. , Simões-Pires Claudia A. , Thompson Taylor V. , Suzuki Masako , Greally John M. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractFunctional variants in the genome are usually identified by their association with local gene expression, DNA methylation or chromatin states. DNA sequence motif analysis and chromatin immunoprecipitation studies have provided indirect support for the hypothesis that functional variants alter transcription factor binding to exert their effects. In this study, we provide direct evidence that functional variants can alter transcription factor binding. We identify a multifunctional variant within theTBC1D4gene encoding a canonical NFκB binding site, and edited it using CRISPR-Cas9 to remove this site. We show that this editing reducesTBC1D4expression, local chromatin accessibility and binding of the p65 component of NFκB. We then used CRISPR without genomic editing to guide p65 back to the edited locus, demonstrating that this re-targeting, occurring ~182 kb from the gene promoter, is enough to restore the function of the locus, supporting the central role of transcription factors mediating the effects of functional variants.
Galectin-3 is required for the microglia-mediated brain inflammation in a model of Huntington’s disease
Authors: Siew Jian Jing , Chen Hui-Mei , Chen Huan-Yuan , Chen Hung-Lin , Chen Chiung-Mei , Soong Bing-Wen , Wu Yih-Ru , Chang Ching-Pang , Chan Yi-Chen , Lin Chun-Hung , Liu Fu-Tong , Chern Yijuang 
Published: August 2019

AbstractHuntington’s disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that manifests with movement dysfunction. The expression of mutant Huntingtin (mHTT) disrupts the functions of brain cells. Galectin-3 (Gal3) is a lectin that has not been extensively explored in brain diseases. Herein, we showed that the plasma Gal3 levels of HD patients and mice correlated with disease severity. Moreover, brain Gal3 levels were higher in patients and mice with HD than those in controls. The up-regulation of Gal3 in HD mice occurred before motor impairment, and its level remained high in microglia throughout disease progression. The cell-autonomous up-regulated Gal3 formed puncta in damaged lysosomes and contributed to inflammation through NFκB- and NLRP3 inflammasome-dependent pathways. Knockdown of Gal3 suppressed inflammation, reduced mHTT aggregation, restored neuronal DARPP32 levels, ameliorated motor dysfunction, and increased survival in HD mice. Thus, suppression of Gal3 ameliorates microglia-mediated pathogenesis, which suggests that Gal3 is a novel druggable target for HD.
Degron-tagged reporters probe membrane topology and enable the specific labelling of membrane-wrapped structures
Authors: Beer Katharina B. , Fazeli Gholamreza , Judasova Kristyna , Irmisch Linda , Causemann Jona , Mansfeld Jörg , Wehman Ann M. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractVisualization of specific organelles in tissues over background fluorescence can be challenging, especially when reporters localize to multiple structures. Instead of trying to identify proteins enriched in specific membrane-wrapped structures, we use a selective degradation approach to remove reporters from the cytoplasm or nucleus of C. elegans embryos and mammalian cells. We demonstrate specific labelling of organelles using degron-tagged reporters, including extracellular vesicles, as well as individual neighbouring membranes. These degron-tagged reporters facilitate long-term tracking of released cell debris and cell corpses, even during uptake and phagolysosomal degradation. We further show that degron protection assays can probe the topology of the nuclear envelope and plasma membrane during cell division, giving insight into protein and organelle dynamics. As endogenous and heterologous degrons are used in bacteria, yeast, plants, and animals, degron approaches can enable the specific labelling and tracking of proteins, vesicles, organelles, cell fragments, and cells in many model systems.
LncRNA GLCC1 promotes colorectal carcinogenesis and glucose metabolism by stabilizing c-Myc
Authors: Tang Jiayin , Yan Tingting , Bao Yujie , Shen Chaoqin , Yu Chenyang , Zhu Xiaoqiang , Tian Xianglong , Guo Fangfang , Liang Qian , Liu Qiang , Zhong Ming , Chen Jinxian , Ge Zhizheng , Li Xiaobo , Chen Xiaoyu , Cui Yun , Chen Yingxuan , Zou Weiping , Chen Haoyan , Hong Jie , Fang Jing-Yuan 
Published: August 2019

AbstractLong non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) contribute to colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the role of lncRNAs in CRC metabolism, especially glucose metabolism remains largely unknown. In this study, we identify a lncRNA, GLCC1, which is significantly upregulated under glucose starvation in CRC cells, supporting cell survival and proliferation by enhancing glycolysis. Mechanistically, GLCC1 stabilizes c-Myc transcriptional factor from ubiquitination by direct interaction with HSP90 chaperon and further specifies the transcriptional modification pattern on c-Myc target genes, such asLDHA, consequently reprogram glycolytic metabolism for CRC proliferation. Clinically, GLCC1 is associated with tumorigenesis, tumor size and predicts poor prognosis. Thus, GLCC1 is mechanistically, functionally, and clinically oncogenic in colorectal cancer. Targeting GLCC1 and its pathway may be meaningful for treating patients with colorectal cancer.
Evolution of fast root gravitropism in seed plants
Authors: Zhang Yuzhou , Xiao Guanghui , Wang Xiaojuan , Zhang Xixi , Friml Jiří 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAn important adaptation during colonization of land by plants is gravitropic growth of roots, which enabled roots to reach water and nutrients, and firmly anchor plants in the ground. Here we provide insights into the evolution of an efficient root gravitropic mechanism in the seed plants. Architectural innovation, with gravity perception constrained in the root tips along with a shootward transport route for the phytohormone auxin, appeared only upon the emergence of seed plants. Interspecies complementation and protein domain swapping revealed functional innovations within the PIN family of auxin transporters leading to the evolution of gravitropism-specific PINs. The unique apical/shootward subcellular localization of PIN proteins is the major evolutionary innovation that connected the anatomically separated sites of gravity perception and growth response via the mobile auxin signal. We conclude that the crucial anatomical and functional components emerged hand-in-hand to facilitate the evolution of fast gravitropic response, which is one of the major adaptations of seed plants to dry land.
Global ecological predictors of the soil priming effect
Authors: Bastida Felipe , García Carlos , Fierer Noah , Eldridge David J. , Bowker Matthew A. , Abades Sebastián , Alfaro Fernando D. , Asefaw Berhe Asmeret , Cutler Nick A. , Gallardo Antonio , García-Velázquez Laura , Hart Stephen C. , Hayes Patrick E. , Hernández Teresa , Hseu Zeng-Yei , Jehmlich Nico , Kirchmair Martin , Lambers Hans , Neuhauser Sigrid , Peña-Ramírez Víctor M. , Pérez Cecilia A. , Reed Sasha C. , Santos Fernanda , Siebe Christina , Sullivan Benjamin W. , Trivedi Pankaj , Vera Alfonso , Williams Mark A. , Luis Moreno José , Delgado-Baquerizo Manuel 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIdentifying the global drivers of soil priming is essential to understanding C cycling in terrestrial ecosystems. We conducted a survey of soils across 86 globally-distributed locations, spanning a wide range of climates, biotic communities, and soil conditions, and evaluated the apparent soil priming effect using13C-glucose labeling. Here we show that the magnitude of the positive apparent priming effect (increase in CO2release through accelerated microbial biomass turnover) was negatively associated with SOC content and microbial respiration rates. Our statistical modeling suggests that apparent priming effects tend to be negative in more mesic sites associated with higher SOC contents. In contrast, a single-input of labile C causes positive apparent priming effects in more arid locations with low SOC contents. Our results provide solid evidence that SOC content plays a critical role in regulating apparent priming effects, with important implications for the improvement of C cycling models under global change scenarios.