bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
To be or not to be a nonhost species: A case study of the Leptosphaeria maculans and Brassica carinata interaction
Authors: Noah Julie M. , Gorse Mathilde , Romain Carole‐Anne , Gay Elise J. , Rouxel Thierry , Balesdent Marie‐Hélène , Soyer Jessica L. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractLeptosphaeria maculans is one of the major fungal pathogens on oilseed rape (Brassica napus), causing stem canker disease. The closely related Brassica species B. nigra, B. juncea, and B. carinata display extreme resistance toward stem canker. In this study, we demonstrate the nonhost status of B. carinata toward L. maculans in France through field experiments and inoculations performed in controlled conditions. A few isolates moderately adapted to B. carinata in controlled conditions were recovered in the field on B. nigra leaves, allowing us to investigate the unusual B. carinata–L. maculans interactions using molecular, macroscopic, and microscopic analyses. A cross between a L. maculans isolate adapted to B. napus and an isolate moderately adapted to B. carinata allowed the generation, in the lab, of recombinant L. maculans strains better adapted to B. carinata than the natural parental isolate obtained from B. nigra, and highlighted the polygenic determinism of the adaptation of L. maculans to B. carinata and B. napus. This biological material will allow further investigation of the molecular determinants of the adaptation of L. maculans to nonhost species and elucidate the genetic resistance basis of B. carinata.
Assessment of the cyst wall and surface microbiota in dormant embryos of the Antarctic calanoid copepod, Boeckella poppei
Authors: Arrington Hunter B. , Lee Sung Gu , Lee Jun Hyuck , Covi Joseph A. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractEmbryos of zooplankton from inland waters and estuaries can remain viable for years in an extreme state of metabolic suppression. How these embryos resist microbial attack with limited metabolic capacity for immune defence or repair is unknown. As a first step in evaluating resistance to microbial attack in dormant zooplankton, surface colonization of the Antarctic freshwater copepod, Boeckella poppei, was evaluated. Scanning electron micrographs demonstrate the outer two layers of a five‐layered cyst wall in B. poppei fragment and create a complex environment for microbial colonization. By contrast, the third layer remains undamaged during years of embryo storage in native sediment. The absence of damage to the third layer indicates that it is resistant to degradation by microbial enzymes. Scanning electron microscopy and microbiome analysis using the 16S ribosomal subunit gene and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region demonstrate the presence of a diverse microbial community on the embryo surface. Coverage of the embryos with microbial life varies from a sparse population with individual microbes to complete coverage by a thick biofilm. Extracellular polymeric substance binds debris and provides a structural element for the microbial community. Frequent observation of bacterial fission indicates that the biofilm is viable in stored sediments.
Uniportal Robotic Lobectomy and Lymphadenectomy for Invasive Lung Cancer: A Novel Approach and Perioperative Outcomes
Authors: Lin Shengcheng , Yu Xiangyang , Xu Yafei , Xin Yu , He Jie , Yu Zhentao , Zhao Hongbo , Yang Chenglin , Ma Kai 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundMultiport robot‐assisted thoracoscopic surgery (mRATS) has been comprehensively evaluated for its clinical efficacy in numerous studies. Nevertheless, the safety and feasibility of uniportal robotic lobectomy and lymphadenectomy require further validation.MethodsThe clinical data of 34 consecutive patients with lung cancer who underwent improved uniportal robotic‐assisted thoracoscopic surgery (uRATS) at our hospital between November 2023 and June 2024 were reviewed retrospectively. Camera‐centered uRATS was conducted using the da Vinci Surgical Xi system (Intuitive Surgical Inc., 1266 Kifer Road, Sunnyvale, CA 94086, USA). Descriptive statistics are expressed as numbers with percentages for categorical data or medians (ranges) or means with standard deviations for continuous data.ResultsImproved uRATS lobectomy and lymphadenectomy were conducted in 34 patients with postoperative pathology‐diagnosed invasive lung cancer. Among the patients, the median number of lymph nodes dissected was 24.5 (range 10–42), and the median number of stations with lymph nodes dissected was 8 (range 6–11). The median durations of the operation and the uRATS procedure were 200 min (range, 142–330 min) and 140 min (range, 80–242 min), and the median intraoperative blood loss volume was 20 mL (range, 10–100 mL), respectively. All postoperative complications, including pneumonia (2/34, 5.8%), air leakage > 5 days (2/34, 5.8%), prolonged wound healing (1/34, 2.9%), and arrhythmia (1/34, 2.9%), were graded as Clavien–Dindo grades I–II. There were no cases of wound infection or postoperative 30‐day mortality.ConclusionThe safety and feasibility of uRATS lobectomy and lymphadenectomy using the da Vinci Surgical Xi system have been preliminarily validated.
Assessing the impacts of satellite tagging on growth rates of immature hawksbill turtles
Authors: Stokes Holly J. , Stokes Kimberley L. , Mortimer Jeanne A. , Laloë Jacques‐Olivier , Esteban Nicole , Hays Graeme C. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Animal‐borne devices including transmitters, data loggers and identification tags are widely used across taxa to address important biological and ecological questions. Some of these devices may affect fitness, hence studies to assess device impacts are important across taxa and developmental stages.

We assessed the impact of satellite tagging on sea turtles at a foraging site in the Indian Ocean. Hawksbill turtles (Eretmochelys imbricata) were captured, and satellite tags (Fastloc‐GPS Argos) attached to 25 individuals between 2018 and 2021, with a mean straight carapace length (SCLn‐t) of 55.3 ± 6.9 cm (range = 47.9–69.5 cm; N = 21). We recaptured 12 tagged turtles and removed 11 tags between 2021 and 2023 and estimated growth rates of tagged (N = 10) and untagged (N = 44) animals (mean SCL range = 33.3–69.4 cm) using capture–mark–recapture of 54 individuals at liberty for 730–1095 days.

Growth rates decreased exponentially as turtle size increased, and we found no significant difference between tagged and untagged growth rates and body condition. We also found no damage to the carapace from the tag attachment.

We suggest that tagging does not impact growth rates at this study site because the turtles (i) typically maintain small home ranges in the lagoon and (ii) are benthic feeders, not actively pursuing prey. We encourage best practice to study the effects of satellite tagging on turtle populations around the world, as the outlook may be different for animals that swim long distances and/or carry large devices.
The Correlation Between the Eyelids Characteristics and Their Kinetic Performance in Two Wild Birds
Authors: Shawki Nahed Ahmed , Al‐Nefeiy Fatma A. , Mahmoud Fatma Abdel‐Regal 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe present avian anatomists have shown a renewed interest in looking at whether the structure of the avian eyelid is accommodated by the kinetic achievement for each eyelid. The current work utilised both histological and anatomical methods to explore the eyelid's structural association with their kinetic, utilising the hoopoe and cattle egret as natural models. The third lid moved only without implicating other lids. Wrinkles on the edge of the hoopoe's eyelid became less pronounced during the opening phase, in contrast to, the edge of the egret's eyelid. The elevator muscle was visible only in the hoopoe, while both birds possessed the retractor anguli oculi muscles. The two later muscles collaborate with the depressor muscle during the closure phase. Two types of collagen I and III were detected within the stroma of the eyelids of both bird species; the elastic fibres was observed; few were in the hoopoe's eyelids. The eyelid edge of the hoopoe has more of the elastic fibres than those in its eyelid skin. The hoopoe's eyelid's epithelial layers contained more cytokeratin (AE1/AE3) than the egret. In conclusion, the anatomical traits of the hoopoe eyelids contribute to its greater motion compared to the egret eyelids.
The Severity of Allergic Reactions in a Real‐World Environment Is Independent of the Eliciting Amounts of Foods
Authors: Piletta‐Zanin Alexandre , Scherl Alexander , Benhamou Avigael , Braendle Gabriel , Caubet Jean‐Christoph , Graham François , Grosgurin Olivier , Harr Thomas , Manzano Sergio , Nigolian Haig , Ortelli Didier , Pahud Jean‐Pierre , la Tour Aude Tonson , Spechbach Hervé , Edder Patrick , Eigenmann Philippe A. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionPatients with food allergies need personalized information on their risk of reaction in “real‐life” situations. This multicentric study aimed to investigate the link during accidental reactions between the nature and amount of food allergens consumed in “real‐life situation” and the severity of the symptoms.MethodsPatients were prospectively recruited from December 1, 2020, to December 31, 2021, at the emergency departments in the Geneva University Hospitals and local pediatric emergency facilities, through an allergy outpatient clinic, at school and daycare facilities and trough their primary care physicians. Medical history of patients presenting reactions suggestive with immediate food allergy and suspected food samples were collected. Allergy diagnostic tests were retrospectively and prospectively collected. The samples were analyzed for their allergen content.ResultsWe recruited 147 subjects with an accidental immediate‐type allergic reaction to a food. We were able to collect 115 reaction‐eliciting food samples allowing to quantify the allergen amount causing the reaction, as well as correlating this amount to the severity of the reaction. Children represented a large part of the reactors, and most reactions were to common food allergens such as tree nuts, cow's milk as well as peanuts and hen's egg. Reactions were mostly to prepackaged foods and seven reactions were to products with precautionary allergy labeling, or without labelling to the eliciting allergen. Reactions were of various degrees of severity, and independent to the amount of allergen ingested.DiscussionThe severity of reactions did not show a direct correlation with allergen quantity, emphasizing individual sensitivity. Some reactions occurred with allergen amounts significantly below the legal limit for mandatory labelling of 1 g/kg (1000 ppm) in Switzerland. The study also highlighted considerable variability in allergen concentrations in foods labeled with possible “contaminations” or “traces”. These findings raise questions about the accuracy of allergen labeling and regulations in Switzerland.
Research on a novel flexible bionic artificial anal sphincter
Authors: Wang Minghui , Zhou Wei , Liu Yunlong , Yu Hongliu 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundArtificial anal sphincter is a novel method for the treatment of fecal incontinence. Aiming at the problems of complex mechanical structure, high mechanical failure rate, large volume and poor biocompatibility of existing artificial anal sphincters, this article proposes a novel flexible artificial anal sphincter with bionic structure.MethodsA novel flexible artificial anal sphincter was proposed with bionic structure by analogy with the puborectalis, flexible transmission by flexible tendons, good biocompatibility by using thermoplastic urethane and medical silicone, small size and lightweight. The interaction between the rectum and the artificial anal sphincter is simulated by the finite element analysis, and the changes of the anorectal angle and the stress during the traction process of the rectum are analyzed.ResultsThe results suggest that the formed anorectal angle of <90° may effectively control defecation, so the effectiveness of the artificial anal sphincter is preliminarily verified. When the traction angle was 71° and the intestinal tube was basically closed, the maximum equivalent stress was 148.45 kPa, the maximum and minimum principal stress were 88.37 and 82.74 kPa, which were all below the safety pressure that initially verified the safety of the artificial anal sphincter.ConclusionThe novel flexible artificial anal sphincter may effectively reduce the stress between the device and the rectum and improve the biomechanical compatibility.
Utility of PSA free‐to‐total ratio for clinically significant prostate cancer in men with a PSA level of <4 ng/mL
Authors: Sii Samuel , Papa Nathan , Yiu Ting Wai , Tempo Jake , Qu Liang , Perera Marlon , Thompson Ian , Ischia Joseph , Fleshner Neil , Smith Elliot , Ranasinghe Weranja , Bolton Damien , Woon Dixon T.S. 
Published: November 2024

ObjectiveTo investigate the relationship between the prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) free‐to‐total ratio (FTR) and International Society of Urological Pathology Grade Group ≥2, clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa) in men with a low PSA level (≤4 ng/mL).Patients and MethodsData were obtained from the Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial. Patients with a PSA level of ≤4 ng/mL and who received a biopsy within a year of this PSA measurement were included. Associations between FTR and csPCa were investigated with logistic regression, adjusting for age and PSA, a re‐scaled Brier score (index of predictive accuracy), and decision curve analysis.ResultsA total of 406 patients were analysed with 139 (34%) having csPCa and 204 (50%) having any grade PCa. For those with an FTR ≤0.15, 46% had csPCa, vs 22% for those with a ratio ≥0.20. In a regression model, the predicted probability of csPCa for a 60‐year‐old with a PSA of 3 ng/mL was 61% if the FTR was 0.05, falling to 18% if the FTR was 0.30. A clear negative relationship between increasing FTR and probability of csPCa was observed. A model containing FTR additional to PSA and age provides greater net benefit as per decision curve analysis and likely superior discrimination and calibration measured by a higher index of predictive accuracy.ConclusionsIn middle‐aged men with a PSA level between 1.5 and 4 ng/mL but otherwise indicated for biopsy, a low FTR is associated with higher rates of csPCa. It should be utilised as an additional, readily available and inexpensive test to improve prediction of csPCa and aid in patient counselling.
Fibrous corona is reduced in cancer cell lines that attenuate microtubule nucleation from kinetochores
Authors: Ishikawa Yudai , Fukue Hirotaka , Iwakami Runa , Ikeda Masanori , Iemura Kenji , Tanaka Kozo 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMost cancer cells show increased chromosome missegregation, known as chromosomal instability (CIN), which promotes cancer progression and drug resistance. The underlying causes of CIN in cancer cells are not fully understood. Here we found that breast cancer cell lines show a reduced kinetochore localization of ROD, ZW10, and Zwilch, components of the fibrous corona, compared with non‐transformed breast epithelial cell lines. The fibrous corona is a structure formed on kinetochores before their end‐on attachment to microtubules and plays a role in efficient kinetochore capture and the spindle assembly checkpoint. The reduction in the fibrous corona was not due to reduced expression levels of the fibrous corona components or to a reduction in outer kinetochore components. Kinetochore localization of Bub1 and CENP‐E, which play a role in the recruitment of the fibrous corona to kinetochores, was reduced in cancer cell lines, presumably due to reduced activity of Mps1, which is required for their recruitment to kinetochores through phosphorylating KNL1. Increasing kinetochore localization of Bub1 and CENP‐E in cancer cells restored the level of the fibrous corona. Cancer cell lines showed a reduced capacity to nucleate microtubules from kinetochores, which was recently shown to be dependent on the fibrous corona, and increasing kinetochore localization of Bub1 and CENP‐E restored the microtubule nucleation capacity on kinetochores. Our study revealed a distinct feature of cancer cell lines that may be related to CIN.
Children's emerging ability to balance internal and external cognitive resources
Authors: Dicken Lily , Suddendorf Thomas , Bulley Adam , Irish Muireann , Redshaw Jonathan 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAustralian children aged 6–9 years (N = 120, 71 females; data collected in 2021‐2022) were tasked with remembering the locations of 1, 3, 5, and 7 targets hidden under 25 cups on different trials. In the critical test phase, children were provided with a limited number of tokens to allocate across trials, which they could use to mark target locations and assist future memory performance. Following the search period, children were invited to adjust their previous token allocation. Although 8‐ to 9‐year‐olds prospectively allocated proportionately more tokens to more difficult trials, 6‐ to 7‐year‐olds did so only in retrospect. During middle childhood, humans become increasingly adept at weighing up when to rely on their unaided capacities and when to offload cognitive demand.
Angiosarcoma of the Scalp Mimicking an Inflammatory Scarring Alopecia and Diagnosed on Horizontal Histologic Sections
Authors: Shan Divya M. , Noland Mary‐Margaret B. , Diaz‐Perez Julio A. , Boikos Sosipatros A. , Mochel Mark C. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTWhile most forms of alopecia neoplastica are attributable to cutaneous metastases from visceral primary malignancies, rarely a diffuse primary skin cancer may present as alopecia. Herein, we present a case of angiosarcoma which clinically mimicked an inflammatory alopecia and was diagnosed by examination of alopecia‐protocol horizontal histologic sections. A 72‐year‐old female presented to her dermatologist with a chief complaint of hair loss and pruritus. She was noted to have alopecia with erythema of the scalp and was diagnosed clinically with lichen planopilaris. However, when multiple topical treatments were unsuccessful, her dermatologist performed a scalp biopsy to guide further alopecia therapy. Horizontally oriented histologic sections were prepared from the biopsy in standard alopecia fashion. Histopathologic examination revealed a proliferation of dissecting vascular channels lined by atypical endothelial cells, diagnostic of angiosarcoma. The patient underwent radiation and chemotherapy with clinical response and had stable disease for several years thereafter. This case highlights the importance of considering unexpected malignancies in the clinical and pathologic examination of cases of suspected inflammatory alopecia.
Moral Feeling in a Museum: Learning Through an Exemplar‐Based Thematic Exhibition
Authors: Song Yanpeng 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTIn this paper, I explore the rational and characteristics of exemplar‐based thematic exhibitions as an approach to promoting children's moral feeling in China's museums. This approach concerns the interaction between historical events, moral exemplars, as well as children's emotional and moral experiences in the context of an exhibition on a particular theme. By analyzing the specific thematic exhibition titled Caretakers of the Mogao Caves, I will argue that, by focusing on relevant exemplars, affective stories, and reflective dialogues, museums can provide fertile ground for kindling children's moral feelings of empathy and developing their conscience.
Exploring the lived experience of women with gestational diabetes: A cross‐sectional Irish national survey
Authors: Dunne Pauline , O'Mahony Louise , Culliney Linda , Byrne Molly , Murphy Andrew W. , O'Reilly Sharleen 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAimGestational diabetes (GDM) poses risks of short‐ and long‐term complications for mother and infant, emphasising the importance of antenatal and postpartum education and support. We aimed to understand the experiences and views of women with GDM in the Republic of Ireland.MethodsWomen with current or previous GDM were invited to complete an online cross‐sectional survey (April–June 2022). Recruitment utilised social media, local media and personal networks. The survey addressed demographics, GDM knowledge and experiences, breastfeeding and weight management during pregnancy and post‐pregnancy GDM support needs. Descriptive statistics were conducted, and between‐group comparisons were undertaken using the chi‐square test. Content analysis was applied to free text data.ResultsAmongst 231 respondents, most were aged 35–39 (42%); 70% experienced a single GDM pregnancy. Only 6% correctly identified their increased level of risk for developing type 2 diabetes. Under half (44.5%) of respondents reported sufficient time with health professionals to address GDM‐related questions. Just over half (54.3%) reported attending for diabetes screening at 6–12 weeks postpartum. The majority (66%) expressed a desire for postpartum information, particularly on healthy eating and physical activity. Having a more recent GDM experience was associated with a stronger preference for weaning (p ≤ 0.001) and weight management information (p = 0.025). Qualitative analysis identified inconsistencies in healthcare messaging, significant concerns about a GDM diagnosis' impact on the pregnancy experience, and financial costs of diagnosis.ConclusionsThe findings underscore women's desire for appropriate information and support during and after pregnancy with GDM. Future interventions should address these needs to effectively promote chronic disease prevention after GDM.
Effect of dapagliflozin on renal haemodynamics in hyperfiltering T2D patients
Authors: Cersosimo Eugenio , YueJuan Qin , Baskoy Gozde , Chavez Alberto , Barkhordarian Maryam , Hansis‐Diarte Andrea , Triplitt Curtis , DeFronzo Ralph A. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAimsTo investigate the effect of sodium‐glucose co‐transporter 2 inhibitor [SGLT‐2i] therapy on renal haemodynamics in T2D patients with glomerular hyperfiltration.Materials and MethodsSixty T2D patients with elevated [HYPER] and normal [NORMO] GFR were randomized to dapagliflozin 10 mg/day [DAPA/HYPER, n = 15; DAPA/NORMO, n = 15] or to metformin/glipizide [CONTROL/HYPER, n = 15; CONTROL/NORMO, n = 15] to reach similar glycaemic control after 4 months. GFR was measured with Iohexol and hyperfiltration was empirically defined as >125 mL/min/1.73 m2. GFR, renal plasma flow [RPF], mean arterial pressure [MAP], filtration fraction [FF], and renal vascular resistance [RVR] were determined before/after therapy.ResultsHbA1c decreased similarly in all 4 groups. GFR declined by ~18% in DAPA/HYPER and by ~7% in DAPA/NORMO and did not change in CONTROLS (p < 0.05 vs. DAPA). RPF remained unchanged in all four groups. Thus, FF (%) declined from 0.23 ± 0.01 to 0.18 ± 0.01 in DAPA/HYPER and from 0.17 ± 0.01 to 0.15 ± 0.01 in DAPA/NORMO and remained unchanged in CONTROLS (p < 0.05 vs. DAPA). MAP (mmHg) decreased from 95.4 ± 1.4 to 88.1 ± 1.3 in DAPA/HYPER and from 95.6 ± 1.3 to 91.8 ± 0.8 in DAPA/NORMO and remained unchanged in CONTROLS (p < 0.05 vs. DAPA). RVR [mmHg/L/min] declined in DAPA/HYPER (92.7 ± 7.8 to 80.4 ± 6.1) and DAPA/NORMO (90.1 ± 3.0 to 81.4 ± 2.1) but not in CONTROLS (p < 0.05 vs. DAPA).ConclusionsDespite comparable glycaemic control, dapagliflozin treatment, but not metformin and /or glipizide, reduced glomerular hyperfiltration in T2D patients and decreased both filtration fraction and renal vascular resistance. These findings suggest that a post‐glomerular vasodilatory action of SGLT2 inhibitors contributes to their renal protective effect in T2D.