bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation of Hypoglycemic Effect 4-(2--Hydroxyethyl)phenol Compounds Is from Iraqi an Prosopis Juliflora Pods On Level of Glucose Blood of Alloxan - Induced Diabetes Rabbits
Authors: Alsaadi Jamal Harbi Hussien , Al-Maliki Abbas Dawwas Mattar 
Published: May 2018

Prosopis juliflora is herbal plant traditionally used in different countries to treat diabetes .In present study the chemicals of Prosopis juliflora pods were specified by GC-MS ,NMR ,IR and TLC techniques which identified the many chemicals family compounds .extraction percentage of 4-(2’-Hydroxyethyl)phenol compound was (2.532 % ) . Alloxan –induced diabetic rabbits were prepared in present study after injecting the experimental rabbit with three dose of alloxan (I.V).Hyperglycemic rabbits were divided to tow groups. First group was administration orally with 0.3 g/kg of Phenolic compound (treatment group)) and second group was administrated orally with normal saline (control group) . the lowest level of glucose was observed in alloxan –induced diabetic rabbits that administrated with phenolic compound and the significant decreasing was observed after 4hrs of administration at ( P<0.001). ). Its can be concluded from the current study the phenolic compound from Prosopis juliflora pods is very good for reduce glucose blood of hyperglycemic rabbits the 4-(2’-Hydroxyethyl)phenol compound isolated was purified and identified using TLC ,NMR ,GC-MS,IR techniques.Therefor this compound can be used safely to treat diabetes mellitus.
Solar Photocatalytic production of hydrogen from aqueous polystyrene-Pt/TiO2 Suspension
Authors: Alsaadi Jamal Harbi Hussien , Jabur Hasan Sabeeh 
Published: May 2018

In the present work, the Photocatalytic production of hydrogen from aqueous suspension of polystyrene is studied using titanium dioxide doped with platinum as photocatalyst. The parameters affecting the efficiency of Photocatalytic hydrogen production are Pt-loading (%), solution pH and the Pt/TiO2 loading and particle size. Under optimum conditions, 78 micro moles of hydrogen gas is generated after about 25 hr, irradiation in deacrated solution ( pH=13, Pt weight % load is 6% and Pt/TiO2 load and particle size are 4 gm/l and 400 mesh size respectively). Negligible amounts of hydrogen gas were noticed in the presence of unplatinized TiO2 at pH lower than 4. The apparent quantum yield of the Photocatalytic production of hydrogen was also determined and is affected by the % load of Pt on TiO2. The number average molecular weight of polystyrene decreases with irradiation time which indicates the photo degradation process under the condition employed. Carbon dioxide is also evolved at the later stage of photolysis process which suggests the partial mineralization of the polymer during the photolysis process. According to the experimental results a mechanism of hydrogen generation and polymer degradation is suggested.
Computational Study of the Stability of Tautomers and equilibrium constants of Cyanuric acid (CA) in Different solvents.
Authors: Babu Numbury Surendra , Jayaprakash Didugu 
Published: May 2018

In the present investigation, the tautomeric and equilibrium of Cyanuric acid has been studied using Hartifock (HF) method in the gas phase and different solvents using the PCM model. The relative energies of these tautomers have been calculated at the HF level of theory using 6-311++ G (d,p) basis set. Energetics and relative stabilities of the tautomers were compared and analyzed in both the gaseous and different solvents. The results indicate that the keto tautomer (CA1) is the most stable form in the gas phase and other solvents. The order of stability of isomers was found to be CA1 > CA3> CA11> CA2> CA6> CA10> CA7> CA4> CA5> CA9>CA8. Having the largest dipole moment the CA8 tautomer is expected to have the strongest interaction with polar solvents. The HF method calculated tautomeric equilibrium constants with respect to the most stable tautomer CA1 of Cyanuric acid both in the gas and in different solvents. The of the equilibrium constants calculated starting from the general outline of interconversion.
VALIDATED IC METHOD FOR DETERMINATION OF CONTENTS OF RESIDUAL AMINO GUANIDINE IN LAMOTRIGINE DRUG SUBSTANCES WITH SUPPRESSED CONDUCTIVITY DETECTOR
Authors: Maddala Vijaya Lakshmi , Ray Purna Chandra , Chimalakonda Kameswararao , Polisetty Srinivasulu , Koduri Sai Venkata Srinivas 
Published: May 2018

This paper describes a validated method for the quantification of amino guanidine in Lamotrigine drug substances and their intermediates using Ion Chromatography (IC), with out any dervitization process. It was analysed using a Ion pac CS17 250 x 4.0 mm column with guard column CG17 50 x 4.0 mm, with a flow rate of 1.5 mL/min with injection volume of 20µL with conductivity detection with CSRS 300 x4.0mm suppressor with suppressor current 40 mA and having only 10 minutes runtime with methanol as diluent. It has the mobile phase of 20% v/v Milli-Q-Water and 80% v/v of 10 mM methane sulphonic acid solution. The method is validated for its Specificity, Precision, Accuracy, Linearity, Ruggedness and solution stability. Aminoguanidine is linear from 1 μg/ml to 25 μg/ml with correlation coefficient 0.9999. Limit of Quantitation of the method is 1 μg/ml and Limit of Detection is 0.3 μg/ml.
Electronegativity, Hardness and Atomic number: Mutual relationships explored via novel isoelectronic series methodology
Authors: Upadhyay Dinesh Prakash , Sharma Mohan Kumar 
Published: May 2018

The novel isoelectronic methodology proposed recently, reveals electronic configuration dependent relationship between the hardness and atomic number, and electronegativity and hardness. In eight out of the first ten isoelectronic series, the hardness measure (I-A)/2 is an excellent linear function of atomic number (Z), and the electronegativity measure, (I+A)/2 is a quadratic function of the hardness measure; Hence, it is inferred that hardness (η) is proportional to atomic number (η α Z) and electronegativity (χ) is proportional to square of hardness (χ α η2). In both the cases, the two inert gas series species are the exceptions where η α Z2 and χ α η, respectively. These relationships are slightly in discord with the previously reported mutual connections. Previous reports do not indicate electronic configuration dependency as well. The linear (I-A)/2 versus Z plots arises as a result of cancellation of Z2 terms, and the slopes of these plots are sensitive indicator of the electron spin pairing and orbital change. A potential use of (I-A)/2 versus Z, and (I+A)/2 versus (I-A)/2 plots in pointing the incorrect ionization potentials and their evaluation has been elaborated by the striking example of the sixth ionization potential of phosphorous. The (I-A)/2 versus Z relations also provides us a new way to obtain hardness values of cationic and anionic atomic species.
Extractive Dearomatization of Naphthalane Oil Fraction with Ionic Liquid and -N-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone
Authors: Abbasov Vagif М. , Aliyeva Leylufer I. , Movsumova Parvana A. , Tagieva Almaz M. , Najafova Gultakin A. , Alizade Arzu E. , Aliyev Bekir  A. , Mammadov Fakhraddin F. 
Published: May 2018

In the article are given an analysis of the results of researches carried out for the purpose of selective treatment of the Naphthalane oil fraction boiling at 260-3400C with ionic liquid (IL) -morfolinphormiate synthesized on the basis formic acid + morpholine and - N-methyl-2-pyrrolidon (N-MP) and as an extractant. The aim is to remove poisonous components - sulfur compounds and toxic carcinogenic polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons in order to improve therapeutic properties of Naphthalane oil cut. For this purpose we have used extraction method. On the basis of the conducted researches the role of -N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone and IL-morpholinephormiatee in extraction conditions have been determined in selective treatment of Nafthalan oil, according to the results of spectral analysis residual amount of aromatic hydrocarbons decreased from 18.5% wt accordance to 2%, 1.5%. As well as the amount of sulphur decreased from 0.0354% to 0.010%, 0.011% and 0.019%.In the next stage the treated raffinates with N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone has been purified on silica. In a result amount of aromatic hydrocarbons drastically decrease to be 0.07% and 0.02%. As a result we aquire transparency and at the same time the percentage amount of aromatic hydrocarbons drastically decreased from 2% to 0,07%, 1.5%, to 0.02%. Raffinates obtained in a 2-4 stage dearomatization with N-MP and IL. Raffinate are measured on NMR, UV and IR spectral analysis.
ACTIVATION OF THE TRANSESTERIFICATIONS PROCESS OF VEGETABLE OILS TRIGLYCERIDES WITH METHANOL UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF MAGNETIC FIELD
Authors: Mamedova T.A. , Aliyeva Z.M. , Aliyeva A.E. , Samedov R.T. , Abbasov V.M. , M.M Abbasov 
Published: May 2018

The process of producing mono-alkyl esters of fatty acids from cottonseed and sunflower oils under the influence of the magnetic field with intensity 15-45 mT was investigated . It was revealed that the use of the energy of magnetic field allows to reduce the reaction time to 10 times, the excess of used alcohol to 2 times while maintaining high yield of the desired product.
BANDGAP ANALYSIS OF NANO CRYSTALLINE L0.1ZY0.9BCCO CERAMICS
Authors: Isac Dr. Jaya Kumari , S. Nair Anitha , Jacob Reenu , Issac Sheela Kumari , Rajan Sam , Vinila V. S. , Satheesh D. J. 
Published: May 2018

Crystalline Ceramic Lanthanum Zirconium Yttrium barium Calcium Copper oxide(L0.1ZY0.9BCCO) was prepared by a high-energy ball milling process through mechanically assisted synthesis at a high temperature to acquire the desired homogeneity and phase formation. Inorder to study the optical properties like reflectivity, absorptivity, refractive index, the UV-VIS analysis of the above nonstochiometric sample was carried out. The dispersion of refractive index was analyzed by the Wemple-DiDomenico single-oscillator model.The band gap energy of the sample was elucidated from the Tauc plot. The refractive index n was calculated and the results obtained are plotted with the wavelength.
Sonochemical Synthesis of Nano-Structured Hydroxyapatite with unique morphologies and Evaluation of Sintering Kinetics
Authors: Johnson Roy , Biswas Papiya , Sindhura Bandhakavi Lakshmi , Nair Chandhana Muraleedharan , Ramavath Pandu , Suresh Madireddy Buchi 
Published: May 2018

Phase pure hydroxyapatite (HAp) (Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2) ceramic powder was synthesized from the stoichiometric solution of calcium hydroxide and orthophosphoric acid employing sonochemical technique. Crystallinity of the HAp powder is found to be a strong function of amplitude of the ultrasound generator as revealed by XRD patterns and FTIR recorded on the samples prepared using varying amplitudes. Calcination of HAp powder beyond 700°C has resulted in the initiation of sintering as is evident from dilatometric studies and are complimented by the SEM micrographs. Activation energy of sintering of hydroxyapatite pellets using dilatometric sintering kinetic analysis has estimated to be 668±45kJ/mole corresponding to grain boundary diffusion as the prominent mass transport mechanism. Samples exhibited a density of 3.12g/cm3, close to theoretical density (~ 99 %) at the peak temperature of 1200°C. Studies on AC conductivity of the sintered samples exhibited relatively high room temperature conductivity of 5.07x10-8 S/m and a rising trend with temperature probably due to mobility of H+ and OH- ions. Attempts were also made to produce HAp nanorods sonochemically on the ordinary glass substrates immersed in the stoichiometric HAp precursor solution. Surface topographic images of the HAp deposited on glass substrate exhibited nanorods almost individually separated with an average diameter of 50 nm and 200 nm in length providing a process for synthesizing nano-structured HAp with simultaneous deposition exhibiting unique morphologies.
A STUDY OF THE ADSORPTION OF DYES FROM THEIR AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS BY MORUPULE COAL 1
Authors: Nadiye-Tabbiruka Misael Silas , Sejie Foertunate Phenyo , Salamula Estella Judith 
Published: May 2018

The adsorption of methyl orange (MO) from its solution by steam activated coal from Morupule colliery was investigated spectrophotometrically using the batch technique, through kinetics and thermodynamics’ study, and found to be reversible at all temperatures used. This was to check whether the coal could be used to purify dye-polluted water from dying and printing textile industry. The effects of varying methyl orange concentration, solution pH and temperature were investigated. The adsorption rate and the adsorption capacity increased with increasing initial concentration, with decreasing solution pH and with increasing temperature. The adsorption capacity was generally low probably due to the low coal surface area (10 m2g-1). The increase in rate and capacity with increasing temperature is believed to be increased surface area due to the swelling of coal which accompanies its heating. The adsorption kinetics fitted the Lagergren pseudo second order model best indicating overall third order or dual simultaneous pseudo first order processes. Results from the thermodynamic study fitted Freundlich model best indicating heterogeneity of the surface of the coal sample.
Simulation Study of Adrenaline Synthesis from Phenylalanine
Authors: A-Ali Drea Abbas , T. Mohammed Halla 
Published: May 2018

Simulation study of Adrenaline synthesis from Phenylalanine has been carried out using semi-empirical methods (PM3) and density functional theory (DFT) STO-3G level of theory . Geometrical properties and vibration mods have been calculated for all structures. Different probable products have been suggested for each reaction and the most probable products being selected depending upon the electronic properties to prove the pathway of reactions that’s needed to synthesis adrenaline in the human body. The calculations show the most probable product than other structurs due its energetic values of total energy, energy barrier value, heat of formation, zero point energy, imaginary frequency and rate constant that’s equal to (5.554*1012, 5.572*1012, 7.857*1012, 1.331*1013,1.116*1013) respectively by s-1 units. Thermodynamic functions (∆H, ∆S, ∆G) have been calculated for five steps reactions of Adrenaline synthesis . In reaction 1 equal to (-69.468, 1.37*10-4, -66.610), reaction 2 (-46.453, 3.044*10-3, -64.710), reaction 3 (-63.734, 0.022, 138.900), reaction 4 (87.036, 8.631*10-3, -451.510) and reaction 5 (-6.722,-0.025, 346,800) respectively by kCal/mol, kCal/mol/deg, and kCal/mol respective units. The chemical reactivity or energy gap has been calculated for the most probable products in the pathway of adrenaline synthesis .
A FACILE SYNTHESIS AND REACTIONS OF AMINO SELENOLO[2,3-b]PYRIDINE CARBOXYLATE
Authors: Zaki Dr Remon M , Kamal El-Dean Prof Adel M. , Marzouk Dr Nermin A , Micky Prof Jehan A , Ahmed Mrs Rasha H 
Published: May 2018

Incorporating selenium metal bonded to the pyridine nucleus was achieved by the reaction of selenium metal with 2-chloropyridine carbonitrile 1 in the presence of sodium borohydride as reducing agent. The resulting non isolated selanyl sodium salt was subjected to react with various α-halogenated carbonyl compounds to afford the selenyl pyridine derivatives 3a-f which compounds 3a-d underwent Thorpe-Ziegler cyclization to give 1-amino-2-substitutedselenolo[2,3-b]pyridine compounds 4a-d, while the other compounds 3e,f failed to be cyclized. Basic hydrolysis of amino selenolo[2,3-b]pyridine carboxylate 4a followed by decarboxylation furnished the corresponding amino selenolopyridine compound 6 which was used as a versatile precursor for synthesis of other heterocyclic compound 7-16. All the newly synthesized compounds were established by elemental and spectral analysis (IR, 1H NMR) in addition to mass spectra for some of them hoping these compounds afforded high biological activity.
The NMR Study and Antimicrobial Activity of Some Schiff Bases Derived From Sulphonamide Drug
Authors: Aboud Wasfi , Mahmood Harith Y. , Othman Rasha M. , Shaker Wasan M. 
Published: May 2018

Some Schiff base compounds derived from sulfonamide drug were synthesized by reaction of 4-aminobenzenesulfonamide with aromatic aldehydes (2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde, 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde and 2-hydroxy benzaldehyde) in good yields. Characterization of synthesized compound was carried by elemental analysis, IR, 1H,13C, HSQC and HMBC- NMR spectroscopy. The synthesized compounds were screened for their antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus sp., Bacillus subtillus, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumonia. Additionally, the compounds were tested for antifungicidal activity against Candida krusei, Candida tropicalis, Aspergillus fumigates and Aspergillus niger.
The effects economic usage of standardization of buffalo milk compared with non - standardized for production of fresh Mozzarella cheese
Authors: Maxhuni Shukri Ajet 
Published: May 2018

Cheese is one of the first and most popular manufactured food products. What perhaps started out as an accidental curdling of milk has been further defined into cheese making. Over several thousand years, cheese making has advanced from an art to near science. Cheese varieties have proliferated to suit varied conditions and requirements, especially during the last decade or so.Actually, new cheeses are often formulated when mistakes happen, so there well may be truth in the tale. This study is done to research the examinations for production of mozzarella cheese, after research and analyses of physical-chemical peculiar feature of milk. We have followed the processes from drying of cheese until preparing it for market, physical-chemical peculiar feature. We carried out three experiments for each milk-kind. For every experiment, we took three patterns and analyzed. Production of this sort of cheese, the application of producing technology and the supply of Kosova’s trade market with mozzarella cheese is the objective of this presentation work research.
Structural and optical properties Investigation of ZnxCd1-xS thin films
Authors: Abbas Nada K , Farhan Ahlam M , Majeed Naan F , Muhameed Suaad  A 
Published: May 2018

CdZnXS1-X thin films with different composition have been deposited on glass substrate by by the spray pyrolysis method at RT using CdCl2 (0.1M),ZnCl2(0.1M)and H2NCSNH2(0.1M)solution and a substrate temperature of ( 400±20°C). X-ray diffraction studies reveal that the films are polycrystalline in nature with hexagonal structure and preferential orientation along (002) . The grain size of the films is found to increase form (37.397 to 46.902) nm with increasing Zinc concentration while the strain and the dislocation density of the films are found to decrease from (7.15 to 4.54) 10 4 rad and from (3.82 to 1.93) 10 14 lines.m-2 respectively . The transmittance spectrums of CdZnxS1-x thin films reveal very pronounced interference effects for photon energies below the fundamental absorption edge by exhibiting interference pattern . The optical energy gap for CdZnxS1-x thin films increases and shifts towards the UV region as the Zn concentration in the films increased .
Stopped-Flow Kinetic Study of Reduction of Ferric Maltol Complex by Ascorbate
Authors: Amin Shabana , Nisar Shazia , Arif Kazmi S 
Published: May 2018

Stopped-flow kinetic investigation of reduction of Fe(III)-maltol complex is reported. The rates are dependent on pH in a complex way. On one hand at low pH there is a predominance of Fe(III)(maltol)2 which is easier to reduce compared to Fe(III) (maltol)3 which is more resistant to reduction. On the other hand ascorbate is a stronger reducing agent at higher pH. The rates are also found to be inversely dependent on the concentration of free ligand. These observations are explained by the following rate law:Rate = ((k0 +k1[H+])k2 [Asc-]/ (k-1[HMal] + k2[Asc-])) + k3 [Asc-] ) [FeIII(Mal)3] Here k1 is the rate constant for acid hydrolysis of the Fe(maltol)3 complex to Fe(maltol)2 complex and is directly controlled by H+, k0 is the rate constant for hydrolysis of the Fe(maltol)3 complex to Fe(maltol)2 complex and is an intrinsic process, k-1 is the rate constant of reformation of the tris complex by reaction of the bis complex and the free ligand, k2 is the rate constant for reduction of the bis complex by ascorbate and k3 is the rate constant for the reduction of the tris complex by ascorbate.
Immobilization of ZnO Suspension on Glass Substrate to Remove Filtration During the Removal of Remazol Red R from Aqueous Solution
Authors: Kayes Nazmul , Miah Jalil , Obaidullah Md. , Hossain Akter , Hossain Mufazzal 
Published: May 2018

Photodegradation of textile dyes in the presence of an aqueous suspension of semiconductor oxides has been of growing interest. Although this method of destruction of dyes is efficient, the main obstacle of applying this technique in the industry is the time and cost involving separation of oxides from an aqueous suspension. In this research, an attempted was made to develop ZnO films on a glass substrate by simple immobilization method for the adsorption and photodegradation of a typical dye, Remazol Red R (RRR) from aqueous solution. Adsorption and photodegradation of RRR were performed in the presence of glass supported ZnO film. Photodegradation of the dye was carried out by varying different parameters such as the catalyst dosage, initial concentrations of RRR, and light sources. The percentage of adsorption as well as photodegradation increased with the amount of ZnO, reaches a maximum and then decreased. Maximum degradation has been found under solar light irradiation as compared to UV-light irradiation. Removal efficiency was also found to be influenced by the pre-sonication of ZnO suspension.
Calcium, Zinc and Phytate Interrelationships in Four Lesser-Known African Seeds Processed into Food Condiments
Authors: Igwe Chidi Uzoma , Ibegbulem C.O. , Nwaogu L.A. , Ujowundu C.O. , Okwu G.N. 
Published: May 2018

The calcium (Ca), zinc (Zn) and phytate contents of raw, boiled, and boiled plus 72 h fermented samples of four lesser-known African seeds – Citrullus colocynthis, Cucumeropsis edulis, Ricinus communis and Prosopis africana – locally used for production of condiments in Nigeria were evaluated. Zinc bioavailability of the samples were also estimated using molar ratios per kg dry weight of [phytate]:[Zn], [Ca]:[phytate] and [phytate][Ca]:[Zn]. The levels of phytate, Zn and Ca of the raw seed samples varied from 150.01 ± 11.00 mg/100g (C. colocynthis) to 170.10 ± 10.01 mg/100g (C. edulis), 1.22 ± 0.10 mg/100g (C. colocynthis) to 4.79 ± 0.14 mg/100g (R. communis), and 28.33 ± 2.58 mg/100g (C. colocynthis) to 98.24 ± 15.19 mg/100g (R. communis) respectively. The calculated values of [phytate]:[Zn], [Ca]:[phytate] and [phytate][Ca]:[Zn] molar ratios for the raw seeds indicated that the samples have low Zn bioavailability. However, a combined processing technique of boiling and fermentation together, unlike boiling alone, significantly (p<0.05) improved these molar ratio markers, indicating high Zn bioavailability in condiments produced from these seeds. The implications of these findings with regards to management of Zn deficiency and the superabundance of these seeds are enormous.
EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION ON PARABOLIC TROUGH SOLAR COLLECTOR HOT WATER GENERATION SYSTEM
Authors: Gopalsmy Vijayan , Karunakaran R. 
Published: May 2018

In this work, we investigated the performance of parabolic trough solar collector with hot water generation system for 3 days day time. We observed the differences in temperature in the range of 6.7°C to 24°C. The average beam radiation during the testing period is 658W/m2. The temperature difference, useful heat gain, wind velocity, direct beam radiation, absorber temperature and solar flux are found in the test period from 9.00 a.m to 16.00 p.m.