bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationship of vocal fold atrophy to swallowing safety and cough function in Parkinson's disease
Authors: Yiu Yin , Curtis James A. , Perry Sarah E. , Troche Michelle S. 
Published: June 2019

ObjectivesWhen swallowing function is compromised in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), cough plays a crucial role in clearing the airway and preventing pulmonary complications. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of vocal fold atrophy severity as measured by the bowing index (BI) on airway protection in PD.MethodsThirty participants with PD completed measures of voluntary and reflex cough. Flexible laryngoscopy with endoscopic evaluation of swallowing allowed for measurement of BI using ImageJ software. Swallowing safety was scored on the Penetration‐Aspiration Scale (PAS). Regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses were performed to test our study aim.ResultsTwenty‐four of 30 participants had some degree of vocal fold atrophy (BI >0). When controlling for age, disease duration did not significantly influence BI. BI was not predictive of any sensorimotor parameters of cough including measures of cough airflow, reflex cough threshold, or urge to cough. BI discriminated participants with near‐normal (PAS 1–3) swallowing safety from participants with impaired (PAS 4–8) swallowing safety (P= .01, sensitivity: 87.0%, specificity: 71.4%, cutoff value BI >4.6).ConclusionVocal fold atrophy is a potential factor contributing to poor swallowing safety in PD. BI was not associated with cough function in this PD cohort, contrary to prior studies that have shown improved cough measures after vocal fold augmentation. Vocal fold atrophy in PD remains an important area of study as a targetable intervention for patients with airway protective dysfunction. Future studies should include measures of glottic closure during vocal fold adduction.Level of EvidenceLevel 3Laryngoscope, 130:303–308, 2020
Intraclass Correlations of Measured Magnetic Resonance Imaging Volumes of Laser Interstitial Thermal Therapy‐Treated High‐Grade Gliomas
Authors: Noh Thomas , Griffith Brent , Snyder James , Zhou Yuren , Poisson Laila , Lee Ian 
Published: June 2019

Background and ObjectivesLaser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT) is a minimally invasive therapeutic option for the treatment of brain tumors. Previous studies have quantitatively followed the ablated volumes of high‐grade gliomas. Reported treatment volumes range from 28% to 100%, with no reported interobserver analysis. Because these volumes are subjectively measured, it is necessary to establish concordance between clinicians.Study Design/Materials and MethodsUtilizing Brainlab tumor analysis software (Brainlab, Munich, Germany), five physician users traced out tumor volumes slice‐by‐slice on 10 treated tumors in eight patients. The participants were briefed with specific instructions and a demonstration on how to trace the enhancing borders of the tumor slice‐by‐slice. Volumes automatically calculated by the Brainlab software included preoperative, intraoperative ablation and postoperative enhancing volumes. Data regarding size, cystic appearance, pathology, previous surgery, and demographics were included.ResultsThe intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative volumes was 0.92 (95% confidence interval, [CI] 0.81–0.97), 0.90 (0.77–0.96), and 0.89 (0.74–0.96), respectively. The overall ICC was 0.72 (0.50–0.87). ICC comparisons were also made for each pair of readers (neuroradiologist, neuro‐oncologist, senior neurosurgery resident, neurosurgery junior resident) which resulted in pretreatment ICC scores of 0.97, 0.91, 0.66, 0.94; intratreatment scores of 0.97, 0.78, 0.90, 0.96; and posttreatment scores of 0.96, 0.81, 0.89, and 0.87. A Bland–Altman plot was also used to assess the differences in volumes.ConclusionsThe ICC gives a composite of the consistency of measurements made by multiple observers measuring the same quantity. The overall ICC of 0.72 means there is good correlation between observers in our study between measured volumes. Lasers Surg. Med. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Identification of rare copy number variations reveals PJA2, APCS, SYNPO, and TAC1 as novel candidate genes in Autism Spectrum Disorders
Authors: Bitar Tania , Hleihel Walid , Marouillat Sylviane , Vonwill Sandrine , Vuillaume Marie‐Laure , Soufia Michel , Vourc'h Patrick , Laumonnier Frederic , Andres Christian R. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundThere is a strong evidence for genetic factors as the main causes of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). To date, hundreds of genes have been identified either by copy number variations (CNVs) and/or single nucleotide variations. However, despite all the findings, the genetics of these disorders have not been totally explored.MethodsThus, the aim of our work was to identify rare CNVs and genes present in these regions in ASD children, using a high‐resolution comparative genomic hybridization technique and quantitative PCR (qPCR) approach.ResultsOur results have shown 60–70 chromosomal aberrations per patient. We have initially selected 66 CNVs that have been further assessed using qPCR. Finally, we have validated 22 CNVs including 11 deletions and 11 duplications. Ten CNVs are de novo, 11 are inherited and one of unknown origin of transmission. Among the CNVs detected, novel ASD candidate genes PJA2, SYNPO, APCS, and TAC1 have been identified in our group of Lebanese patients. In addition, previously described CNVs have been identified containing genes such as SHANK3, MBP, CHL1, and others.ConclusionOur study broadens the population spectrum of studied ASD patients and adds new candidates at the list of genes contributing to these disorders.
Supershaped reconfigurable frequency‐selective surfaces using cantilever enable switches
Authors: Kesavan Arun , Mantash Mohamad , Denidni Tayeb A. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis letter describes a reconfigurable frequency‐selective surfaces (FSSs) unit cell using cantilever switches resonating at X‐band frequency. The shape of the FSS is inspired by supershaped structures and the arms of the top layer are used as cantilever switches. It allows a transparent band around 10 GHz in one state and a reflective band with high isolation about 40 dB in the other state. A prototype of the proposed FSS was fabricated and measured in a waveguide transmission line.
Operator time‐splitting techniques combined with quintic B‐spline collocation method for the generalized Rosenau–KdV equation
Authors: Kutluay Selçuk , Karta Melike , Yağmurlu Nuri M. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIn this article, the generalized Rosenau–KdV equation is split into two subequations such that one is linear and the other is nonlinear. The resulting subequations with the prescribed initial and boundary conditions are numerically solved by the first order Lie–Trotter and the second‐order Strang time‐splitting techniques combined with the quintic B‐spline collocation by the help of the fourth order Runge–Kutta (RK‐4) method. To show the accuracy and reliability of the proposed techniques, two test problems having exact solutions are considered. The computed error norms L2 and L∞ with the conservative properties of the discrete mass Q(t) and energy E(t) are compared with those available in the literature. The convergence orders of both techniques have also been calculated. Moreover, the stability analyses of the numerical schemes are investigated.
The association between severe fetal congenital heart defects and placental vascular malperfusion lesions
Authors: Miremberg Hadas , Gindes Liat , Schreiber Letizia , Raucher Sternfeld Alona , Bar Jacob , Kovo Michal 
Published: June 2019

AbstractObjectiveStudies have shown an association between infant with congenital heart defects (CHD) and the risk of preeclampsia. We aimed to characterize placental histopathology from pregnancies who underwent termination of pregnancy (TOP) because of severe CHD.MethodsThis was a case control study. The medical files of all TOPs due to fetal congenital malformations were reviewed. Cases with CHD included hypoplastic left heart, transposition of great arteries, AV canal, tetralogy of Fallot, double outlet RV, and coractation of aorta. The controls included TOPs due to congenital central nervous system defects (CNS group) that were matched in a 1:1 ratio, by gestational age and maternal age. Placental lesions were classified to maternal and fetal vascular malperfusion (MVM and FVM) and inflammatory lesions.ResultsHigher rates of any MVM or FVM lesion were observed in placentas from the CHD group (n = 32) as compared with the CNS group (n = 32), 40.6% versus 12.5% respectively, p = .02. As compared with the CNS group, the CHD group had more abnormal coiling of umbilical cord (p = .01).ConclusionPlacental vascular malperfusion lesions are more common in pregnancies complicated with CHD as compared with CNS malformations. These findings support the hypothesis of similar etiopathogenetic factors, contributing to the development of preeclampsia and CHD.
Uterine artery and umbilical vein blood flow are unaffected by moderate habitual physical activity during pregnancy
Authors: Sussman Dafna , Saini Brahmdeep S. , Schneiderman Jane E. , Spitzer Rachel , Seed Mike , Lye Stephen J. , Wells Greg D. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractObjectiveThis study aims to noninvasively quantify blood flow in the uterine arteries (UTAs) and umbilical vein (UV) using phase‐contrast magnetic resonance imaging (PC‐MRI) and test whether these correlate with maternal fitness parameters.MethodResting UTA and UV flows were measured in 23 healthy 30 ± 3‐year‐old women who engaged in moderate‐intensity physical activity during pregnancy. Participant fitness was characterized in the second and third trimesters using the submaximal oxygen uptake (VO2) test measuring heart rate (HR), VO2, ventilation (ventilatory equivalent [VE]/VO2), and the Borg rating of perceived exertion (respiratory quotient [RQ]). Linear regression models were used to determine the associations between blood flow and maternal fitness measures.ResultsBlood flows in the UTA (957 ± 241 mL/min) and UV (132 ± 38 mL/min/kg) were successfully measured in 20 (87%) participants. Neither was associated with any physical fitness parameters (HR, VO2, VE/VO2, and RQ) nor with any second‐to‐third trimester change in these parameters.ConclusionPC‐MRI can be used to noninvasively measure blood flow in the UTA and UV. Neither resting UTA nor UV flow is associated with maternal fitness parameters. This is the first MRI–based study to provide novel hemodynamic data suggesting decoupling between maternal moderate fitness level and the maternal‐placental‐fetal hemodynamic system in healthy, normal body mass index (BMI) pregnancies.
Influence of the weight ratio of polydimethylsiloxane modified gelatin to silicone rubber on the potential performance of asymmetric bilayer membranes as wound dressings
Authors: Du Weining , Zhang Zetian , Li Zhengjun 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAsymmetric bilayer membranes have been regarded as ideal wound dressings for skin regeneration. Our previous work reported the potential advantages of polydimethylsiloxane modified gelatin/silicone rubber (PGE/SR) asymmetric bilayer membrane as a wound dressing. However, it is still unknown whether the proportion of the two components of the bilayer membrane has a prominent influence on its relevant performance. Herein, various PGE/SR membranes with different PGE:SR weight ratios (100:25, 100:50 and 100:100) were fabricated through a self‐stratification method driven by surface tension gradients. Subsequently, the effects of the PGE:SR ratios on the relevant performance (i.e. porous structure, mechanical properties, degradability and biocompatibility) of PGE/SR membranes were systematically investigated. The current results demonstrate that the separating force between the PGE and SR components was reduced significantly on increasing the content of SR, and in particular the PGE/SR1 membrane (100:25) exhibited a well‐defined asymmetric bilayer structure with high porosity, appropriate toughness, water uptake, swelling ratio and water permeability. Concomitantly, the maximum weight loss for the PGE/SR1 membrane was ca 70.65% after 9 days of enzymatic degradation, which met the typical healing period of a normal skin wound. In addition, both the original and degraded PGE/SR1 membrane possessed favorable cytocompatibility in vitro, suggesting its potential application as a wound dressing. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Schiff base as a novel kind of catalyst for reversible complexation‐mediated radical polymerization of methyl methacrylate
Authors: Li Bin , Shi Yan , Fu Zhifeng 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTTwo kinds of Schiff base, N,N′‐dibenzylidene‐1,2‐diaminoethane (NDBE) and N,N′‐disalicylidene‐1,2‐diaminoethane, have been found as efficient organic catalyst for reversible complexation‐mediated radical polymerization (RCMP) of methyl methacrylate (MMA) for the first time. The polymerization results show obvious features of “living”/controlled radical polymerization. Well‐defined and low‐polydispersity polymers (Mw/Mn = 1.20–1.40) are obtained in RCMP of MMA catalyzed by Schiff base at mild temperature (65–80°C). Moreover, Schiff base also exhibits a particularly high reactivity for RCMP of MMA with in situ formed alkyl iodide initiator. The polymer molecular weight and its polydispersity (Mw/Mn is around 1.20) are well controlled even with high monomer conversion. Notably, when the dosage of azo initiator is same as the dosage of iodine, the polymerization could also be realized in the presence of NDBE. The living feature of synthesized polymer is confirmed through the chain extension experiment. In short, Schiff base is a kind of high‐efficient catalyst for RCMP and reverse RCMP of MMA, which can be one of the most powerful and robust techniques for polymer synthesis. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2019, 57, 1653–1663
Iodonium sulfonates as high‐performance coinitiators and additives for CQ‐based systems: Toward aromatic amine‐free photoinitiating systems
Authors: Kirschner Julie , Szillat Florian , Bouzrati‐Zerelli Mariem , Becht Jean‐Michel , Klee Joachim E. , Lalevée Jacques 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTIodonium sulfonates are proposed here as a new class of high‐performance coinitiators for camphorquinone (CQ)‐based systems for the polymerization of methacrylates under blue light irradiation. When combined with CQ, the new proposed coinitiators present excellent polymerization performances and are excellent candidates for the replacement of tertiary aromatic amines subjected to toxicological concerns in the well‐established CQ/amine photoinitiating system (PIS). Remarkably, good bleaching properties are obtained after polymerization. The use of the new PIS for dental adhesives is also investigated. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2019, 57, 1664–1669
Search for the Smoking Gun: Identifying and Addressing the Causes of Postrelease Morbidity and Mortality of Hatchery‐Reared Snake River Sockeye Salmon Smolts
Authors: Trushenski Jesse T. , Larsen Donald A. , Middleton Mollie A. , Jakaitis Michelle , Johnson Eric L. , Kozfkay Christine C. , Kline Paul A. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAs part of the Snake River Sockeye Salmon Oncorhynchus nerka recovery effort, a dedicated smolt rearing facility was constructed in 2013 near Springfield, Idaho. In‐hatchery performance and survival were typical for the species, but unexpectedly high mortality rates were observed in the first cohorts of Springfield‐reared smolts upon release into Redfish Lake Creek (RFLC) and during out‐migration. In response, a series of iterative experiments was conducted to identify the cause of the morbidity and mortality observed and to test a range of strategies to mitigate effects on postrelease survival. In the search for possible contributing factors, a difference in water chemistry was noted: whereas Springfield Hatchery's water source is “hard” and has high calcium concentrations, water at the RFLC release site is “soft” and has very low calcium concentrations. In both manipulative experiments and field evaluations, we demonstrated that juvenile Snake River Sockeye Salmon are profoundly affected by instantaneous transitions from high‐ to low‐hardness water. Furthermore, we established a causal link between differences in water chemistry, the associated physiological stress, and morbidity/mortality observed during smolt releases and subsequent out‐migration. A variety of mitigation strategies, including water mixing and water softening, was tested, but stepwise acclimation from high‐ to medium‐hardness water and then from medium‐ to low‐hardness water proved to be the most biologically and logistically effective means of addressing the identified water chemistry differences. Estimates of postrelease survival to Lower Granite Dam (~430 river kilometers downstream) indicated significantly higher survival for acclimated groups (68.7–75.5%) compared to smolts directly released into RFLC (18.1%). Although Snake River Sockeye Salmon smolt survival rates will undoubtedly fluctuate annually with environmental conditions, it is clear that the elevated morbidity and mortality observed in previous years can be addressed through proper acclimation of smolts prior to release.
Quantifying gendered participation in OpenStreetMap: responding to theories of female (under) representation in crowdsourced mapping
Authors: Gardner Z. , Mooney P. , De Sabbata S. , Dowthwaite L. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
This paper presents the results of an exploratory quantitative analysis of gendered contributions to the online mapping project OpenStreetMap (OSM), in which previous research has identified a strong male participation bias. On these grounds, theories of representation in volunteered geographic information (VGI) have argued that this kind of crowdsourced data fails to embody the geospatial interests of the wider community. The observed effects of the bias however, remain conspicuously absent from discourses of VGI and gender, which proceed with little sense of impact. This study addresses this void by analysing OSM contributions by gender and thus identifies differences in men’s and women’s mapping practices. An online survey uniquely captured the OSM IDs as well as the declared gender of 293 OSM users. Statistics relating to users’ editing and tagging behaviours openly accessible via the ‘how did you contribute to OSM’ wiki page were subsequently analysed. The results reveal that volumes of overall activity as well editing and tagging actions in OSM remain significantly dominated by men. They also indicate subtle but impactful differences in men’s and women’s preferences for modifying and creating data, as well as the tagging categories to which they contribute. Discourses of gender and ICT, gender relations in online VGI environments and competing motivational factors are implicated in these observations. As well as updating estimates of the gender participation bias in OSM, this paper aims to inform and stimulate subsequent discourses of gender and representation towards a new rationale for widening participation in VGI.
The limitations of inertial frame spacetime functionalism
Authors: Read James , Menon Tushar 
Published: June 2019

AbstractFor Knox, ‘spacetime’ is to be defined functionally, as that which picks out a structure of local inertial frames. Assuming that Knox is motivated to construct this functional definition of spacetime on the grounds that it appears to identify that structure which plays theoperationalrole of spacetime—i.e., that structure which is actually surveyed by physical rods and clocks built from matter fields—we identify in this paper important limitations of her approach: these limitations are based upon the fact that there is a gap between inertial frame structure and that which is operationally significant in the above sense. We present five concrete cases in which these two notions come apart, before considering various ways in which Knox’s spacetime functionalism might be amended in light of these issues.
Evaluation of Photosynthetic and Yield Traits in Ten Potato Clones and Cultivars Under Farming Conditions in Poland
Authors: Keutgen Anna J. , Keutgen Norbert , Wszelaczyńska Elżbieta , Pobereżny Jarosław , Milczarek Dorota , Tatarowska Beata , Flis Bogdan 
Published: July 2019

AbstractPhotosynthetic properties and tuber yield were compared in seven tetraploid potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) clones (‘13-VIII-10’, ‘13-VIII-27’, ‘13-VIII-45’, ‘13-VIII-49’, ‘13-VIII-50’, ‘13-VIII-60’, ‘TG-97-403’) and three cultivars (‘Jelly’, ‘Satina’, ‘Tajfun’) at four localities in Poland under either integrated (Młochów, Boguchwała) or organic (Radzików, Chwałowice) fertilisation conditions applying the ‘OJIP’ analysis of chlorophyll fluorescence kinetics. The yield-relevant parameters of leaf pigment content and chlorophyll fluorescence were used to rank the tested clones and cultivars applying multidimensional comparative analysis. The results indicate that the clones 13-VIII-10 and 13-VIII-45 cannot be recommended for cultivation, while cv. Taifun performed the best. The assessment of the efficiency of the light reactions of photosynthesis produced a different ranking, indicating that the efficiency is not related to yield, but characterises the balance between light harvesting and dark reactions of photosynthesis. In this respect, the light reactions of photosynthesis were least balanced in clone 13-VIII-49 and cv. Jelly while those of cv. Taifun and clone 13-VIII-60 were the best. The effect of the production system was of minor significance for tuber yield, but local factors dominated. Only in the case of chlorophyll (Chl) and carotenoid (Car) contents of leaves did an effect of the production system became evident, favouring integrated over organic cultivation. By contrast, most of the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were controlled by soil nitrogen content, including maximum quantum yield for primary photochemistry (φP0) and the absolute and total performance indices (PIAbs, PITotal). Within a production system precipitation affected the ratio Car/total Chl content.
Information seeking behavior on Facebook: The role of censorship endorsement and personality
Authors: Kaspar Kai , Müller-Jensen Moritz 
Published: June 2019

AbstractFacebook started as a platform intended for connecting people but it has developed into a rich information source. Based on the uses-and-gratification approach, we examined to what extent censorship endorsement and personality factors can explain information seeking behavior on Facebook. 1525 German-speaking Facebook users participated in a cross-sectional survey. Censorship endorsement, three personality traits (extraversion, neuroticism, and openness), age, and gender served as predictors in blockwise regression models. Participants’ information seeking behavior on Facebook served as the criterion variable, whereby we examined different behavioral strategies. Overall, the extent of one’s endorsement of censorship was positively and reliably related to different facets of information seeking. Apparently, censorship might be considered a protection measure to establish a decent communication and information space. In contrast, personality traits were inconsistently related to different facets of information seeking. Extraversion and neuroticism were positively related to information seeking in general, but their impact was absent on some subscales. The effects of age and gender differed from what has been found in previous studies. Overall, the results highlight the necessity of a more differentiated perspective on social media use, provide implications for uses-and-gratification research in the context of social media, and indicate interesting venues for future research by incorporating censorship attitude as a hitherto neglected factor.