bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Readiness for Southern Africa to Employ Forensic Investigative Genetic Genealogy
Authors: Smith Johannes , Horne Juanida 
Published: November 2024

Background:
Forensic investigative genetic genealogy (FIGG) has garnered significant
interest in solving cold criminal casework and has proven to be the solution to numerous
unidentified human remains (UHR). Forensic samples can be subjected to a private genomic
database where whole-genome sequencing (WGS) technique to retrieve genome-wide singlenucleotide
polymorphism (SNP) genotype data is performed. After conducting bioinformatics
analysis, the data can be compared with the data of other users on the genomic database to identify
distant relatives.

Objective:
The article aims to explore FIGG in investigating criminal casework and identifying
human remains. Moreover, it aims to create awareness among Southern Africans and advocate
for a comprehensive approach involving all key stakeholders and practitioners to ensure the ethical
and privacy-conscious establishment of FIGG, with a particular focus on Southern Africa.

Method:
The study employed a qualitative technique, including a literature scan on FIGG. Interviews
were done with various stakeholders, including SAPS detectives, forensic examiners, and
overseas specialists.

Results:
FIGG is gaining popularity in many countries as a supplement to existing investigative
tools. It is labour-intensive and requires increased participation of Southern Africans in private
genetic genealogy databases. Specific resources and dedication are required before FIGG can be
successfully implemented in the region as a routine investigative tool to solve cold cases and
identify unidentified human remains.

Conclusion:
Implementing FIGG in the Southern African region is not imminent but may be
considered.
Combining a Risk Factor Score Designed From Electronic Health Records With a Digital Cytology Image Scoring System to Improve Bladder Cancer Detection: Proof-of-Concept Study
Authors: Cabon Sandie , Brihi Sarra , Fezzani Riadh , Pierre-Jean Morgane , Cuggia Marc , Bouzillé Guillaume 
Published: November 2024

Background
To reduce the mortality related to bladder cancer, efforts need to be concentrated on early detection of the disease for more effective therapeutic intervention. Strong risk factors (eg, smoking status, age, professional exposure) have been identified, and some diagnostic tools (eg, by way of cystoscopy) have been proposed. However, to date, no fully satisfactory (noninvasive, inexpensive, high-performance) solution for widespread deployment has been proposed. Some new models based on cytology image classification were recently developed and bring good perspectives, but there are still avenues to explore to improve their performance.

Objective
Our team aimed to evaluate the benefit of combining the reuse of massive clinical data to build a risk factor model and a digital cytology image–based model (VisioCyt) for bladder cancer detection.

Methods
The first step relied on designing a predictive model based on clinical data (ie, risk factors identified in the literature) extracted from the clinical data warehouse of the Rennes Hospital and machine learning algorithms (logistic regression, random forest, and support vector machine). It provides a score corresponding to the risk of developing bladder cancer based on the patient’s clinical profile. Second, we investigated 3 strategies (logistic regression, decision tree, and a custom strategy based on score interpretation) to combine the model’s score with the score from an image-based model to produce a robust bladder cancer scoring system.

Results
We collected 2 data sets. The first set, including clinical data for 5422 patients extracted from the clinical data warehouse, was used to design the risk factor–based model. The second set was used to measure the models’ performances and was composed of data for 620 patients from a clinical trial for which cytology images and clinicobiological features were collected. With this second data set, the combination of both models obtained areas under the curve of 0.82 on the training set and 0.83 on the test set, demonstrating the value of combining risk factor–based and image-based models. This combination offers a higher associated risk of cancer than VisioCyt alone for all classes, especially for low-grade bladder cancer.

Conclusions
These results demonstrate the value of combining clinical and biological information, especially to improve detection of low-grade bladder cancer. Some improvements will need to be made to the automatic extraction of clinical features to make the risk factor–based model more robust. However, as of now, the results support the assumption that this type of approach will be of benefit to patients.
Destellos del pasado: Un análisis del concepto Merleau-Pontiano de animalidad a través del caso de las máscaras originarias de los Inuit
Authors: Pérez Gamboa María Soledad 
Published: November 2024

El presente trabajo pretende explorar el tratamiento de la cuestión animal tal y como se presenta en dos obras tardías de Maurice Merleau-Ponty, específicamente en La Nature Notes. Course du Collège de France (1995), y Le visible et l' invisible. Suivi de notes de travail (1964). Dado que en su obra tardía asistimos a una restitución ontológica de la vida sensible, observamos tanto un desplazamiento de la temporalidad desde un plano existencial hacia una concepción más plenamente ontológica, como un replanteo de la cuestión animal en términos de una relación de entrelazamiento humano-animal, tendiente a integrar y superar el tratamiento llevado a cabo por el autor desde La Structure du Comportement publicado en 1942. En el marco de este análisis, la idea de una temporalidad quiásmica alcanza inevitablemente a la concepción de animalidad. Intentaremos elucidar este alcance tomando como punto de partida la referencia merleau-pontiana a las máscaras Inuit en N: la máscara, es al mismo tiempo testimonio de nuestra humanidad con su anverso animal y signo de un pasado vertical. En este sentido el ejemplo nos servirá de guía para comprender que ese reverso es al mismo tiempo presente y pasado, la máscara testimonio de lo que somos y de lo nunca hemos dejado de ser; testimonio de lo invisible en lo visible y expresión de una cierta dimensión mítica.
On ne naît pas sauvage… vestiges archéologiques de nos futurs
Authors: Soriano Michèle 
Published: November 2024

Dans une actualité marquée par des discours racistes qui légitiment les violences et les meurtres dont sont victimes les personnes racisées, un retour sur la construction des « sauvages » lors de l’entreprise coloniale semble (une fois de plus) opportun. L’analyse du discours littéraire féministe et décolonial de l’écrivaine argentine Angélica Gorodischer nous permettra d’interroger l’oppression épistémique et le regard qui l’accompagne, dans certains contextes de fabrication des « sauvages ». Les dispositifs discursifs et optiques mis en place lors de l’invasion européenne des territoires d’Abya Yala sont-ils encore présents dans nos pratiques culturelles actuelles ? Quelles sont nos responsabilités de chercheur·euses face à ces dispositifs et aux pratiques sociales génocidaires que leur perpétuation autorise ? Un bref examen de la scénographie coloniale et l’hypothèse de la permanence d’un dispositif visuel et discursif peuvent éclairer les tensions qui caractérisent notre contexte actuel, qui expose le contraste entre l’insistance des fantasmes de la blanchité républicaine et la prolifération d’explorations imaginaires d’espaces liminaires. Les deux romans de Gorodischer Opus dos (1967) et Doquier (2000) seront analysés pour les expériences heuristiques qu’ils engendrent et les outils critiques qu’ils nous proposent.
AVALIAÇÃO DO GRAU DE PROTEÇÃO DAS NASCENTES DE DRENAGENS DO ALTO CURSO DO RIO PACOTI (CEARÁ/BRASIL)
Authors: Maciel Castelo Holanda Débora , Celina Linhares Sales Marta , Sopchaki Carlos Henrique 
Published: November 2024

Os estudos que envolvem a temática hidrológica são fundamentais para compreender a dinâmica em torno dos processos cíclicos da água. Garantir o fornecimento hídrico é um desafio posto para sociedade humana. Nesse contexto, as nascentes são ecossistemas centrais no que concerne a distribuição e oferta de água. Essa pesquisa se propôs a estudar as nascentes situando a temática no âmbito legal e prático da conservação desses ambientes. Para o desenvolvimento do estudo, foi enquadrado o alto curso do rio Pacoti, o qual se encontra inserido no Maciço de Baturité, no estado do Ceará. Foram realizados trabalhos de campo para levantamento espacial das nascentes, bem como a posterior avaliação ambiental após determinação do grau de proteção. Para o alcance desses resultados foi aplicado o Índice de Impacto Ambiental em Nascentes – IIAN com o qual se avaliam parâmetros de ordem macroscópica. A metodologia foi aplicada em 19 nascentes, utilizando o critério da preservação dos aspectos naturais necessárias para o desenvolvimento da análise. Foi possível realizar observações acerca do uso de nascentes em propriedades privadas, sobretudo, a prática de inserir manilhas no local de exfiltração rompendo por completo o escoamento da drenagem natural a jusante. Esses usos foram discutidos observando a disposição legal inserida no Código Florestal Brasileiro. Constatou-se a relevância de estudos que tratam de levantar de informações espaciais e ambientais de nascentes, uma vez que, a degradação dessas áreas pode possivelmente impactar toda a malha hidrográfica superficial.
Mapping the Creative Process in Arts Education: From Task to Theory
Authors: Southam Ashleigh , Costley Jamie , Hannigan Shelley , Phillips Fiona , Raphael Jo 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Creativity stands as a cornerstone of contemporary education, fostering innovation, problem-solving, and dynamic thinking in today’s learners. However, how creativity is defined can vary significantly across different creative fields, contributing to complexity about its nature and role in education. This article explores the definition and application of creativity across various creative arts domains—music, visual art, dance, and drama. This article looks at creativity in these domains at the level of the curriculum, and in examples of classroom tasks. Curriculum analysis showcases alignment among domains with the creative process through its sequential strands—Explore, Develop, Perform, and Explain, specifically in the content relating to Explore—reflecting educational standards that promote structured creativity. Task level analysis reveals how students engage with specific activities mirroring creative stages, fostering meta-awareness of the creative process during learning tasks in drama and music, and evaluating existing artworks’ ability to communicate meaning as in visual art. Theoretical perspectives reveal broad similarities in the creative process across the levels, with nuances such as collaborative processes being more pronounced in dance and drama. Despite limitations such as focussing on a small number of curriculum and task examples, this article provides insight into the commonalities of the creative process across artistic domains and educational levels.
John Wesley’s Thoughts upon Slavery and Wesleyan Pro-LGBTQ Social Ethics
Authors: Shaffer Scott 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This article explores how John Wesley’s theological arguments in Thoughts upon Slavery can be used as a pattern for developing a Wesleyan pro-LGBTQ social ethic. After exploring Wesley’s experiential and practical approach to social ethics in general and Wesley’s theological approach to slavery in particular, the article provides a detailed analysis of Wesley’s theological arguments in Thoughts upon Slavery. The article then demonstrates how similar theological approaches and arguments can be used as the basis of a pro-LBGTQ social ethic, focusing on pro-LGBTQ apologetics, Wesleyan queer theology, and pro-LGBTQ arguments in The United Methodist Church.
The Role of CD8+ T Cell in Lung Cancer
Authors: Aristyo Kevin , Nurwidya Fariz 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background and Objective
Lung cancer is a common and difficult-to-diagnose form of cancer. CD8+ T cells, a type of white blood cell, play a crucial role in the immune system’s ability to recognize and eliminate cancerous cells. The presence of CD8+ T cells in lung cancer patients is associated with a better prognosis. Immunotherapy utilizing CD8+ T cells has shown promise in treating lung cancer and improving patient survival rates. However, there are challenges to using CD8+ T cells as a therapy. This article aims to explore the role of CD8+ cell in lung cancer.

Methods
Literature searches were conducted using four databases, namely PubMed, Scopus, Central, and EBSCOhost. We used mesh terms and Boolean operators for optimal results.

Key Content and Findings
T cells and B cells are important components of the immune system in fighting cancer. T cells, specifically CD8+ T cells, can identify and kill cancer cells, but they can also be inhibited by cancer cells. B cells recognize cancer cells and produce antibodies to fight them, but their effectiveness can be limited. CD8+ T cells play a role in lung cancer prognosis, and their activity is influenced by the tumor microenvironment. Understanding these immune system mechanisms can help develop more effective cancer treatments.

Conclusions
CD8+ T cells play an important role in the body’s immune system to fight lung cancer cells, through antigen recognition, effector mechanisms (granzyme and perforin), cytokine production, and activation of natural killer (NK) cells.
The Pronaf Impact On Rural Poverty In Brazil from 2013 to 2019
Authors: Borchers Juliane , Michellon Ednaldo 
Published: November 2024

This paper aims to analyze the effects of the National Program for the Strengthening of Family Farming (Pronaf)[1] on rural poverty in Brazil in the period of 2013-2019. The methodology used to generate the estimates of the Pronaf-income and Pronaf-inequality elasticities was the dynamic panel model. The study assumes that the Pronaf variable does not affect rural poverty directly, but considers the variation in income and/or the variation in income inequality. The results indicate that increases in income and decreases in income inequality contribute to poverty reduction, with policies aimed at promoting income equality showing greater efficiency. However, the impact of Pronaf credit on poverty reduction is found to be limited, albeit positive but statistically insignificant, in raising rural household per capita income and reducing income inequality. Furthermore, the analysis reveals a persistence of poverty over time, indicating that current income and inequality levels influence future poverty rates. Pronaf credits were found to have a greater impact on income among wealthier and more developed states, while also exacerbating income concentration in those areas.

[1] From the Portuguese: Programa Nacional de Fortalecimento da Agricultura Familiar (Pronaf).
The constitutional duty of men and women in the legislation of the Russian Federation
Authors: Madatov Oleg Yakovlevich 
Published: November 2024

The article examines the formation, development and modern definition of the concept of constitutional duty of Russian citizens, as well as the constitutional problems of its establishment depending on their gender identity. It is proved that the duty of a citizen in the Constitution of the Russian Federation creates conditions for violating the constitutional principle of gender equality established by part 2 of Article 6 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation. The object of the study is public relations regulating the relationship between the state and citizens on the issue of the latter's fulfillment of the constitutional duty established by part 1 of Article 59 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation. The subject of the study is the norms of constitutional, civil and criminal law, as well as law enforcement practice regulating the object of the study. The purpose of the study is to establish the correspondence of the constitutional duty of men and women to the constitutional principle of legal equality of the sexes. This goal determined the need to set and solve the following tasks: 1.To investigate the evolution of the concept of duty as a legal category. 2.To consider the formation and consolidation of the concept of duty in the constitutional law of Russia 3.Compliance of the constitutional duty of men and women with the constitutional principle of legal equality of the sexes. The study showed that there is no single approach to understanding duty in modern science, but an analysis of the evolution of its consolidation showed that the term duty is based on the duties of citizens. This term was first legislated in the USSR Constitution of 1936 and the Constitution of the RSFSR of 1937 in order to separate the constitutional duties of citizens of a bourgeois state from the duty of a citizen of a socialist republic. In the current understanding, the constitutional duty of citizens is attributed only to the protection of the Fatherland, however, this term is not a gender-neutral concept, since it is only a duty inherent exclusively to men.
Implementation of state policy in collective farms and political departments of the Angara village in the first half of 1930.
Authors: Proskuryakova Mariya Anatol'evna 
Published: November 2024

The specifics of the implementation of state policy in the Angara village in 1930-1935 are considered. The socio-political influence of collective farms and political departments of MTS on the peasantry is analyzed. The territorial scope of the study is limited to the Angara region (the modern borders of the Irkutsk region). The choice of chronological framework can be explained by the forced collectivization that took place during this period. It was in the first half of the 1930s that a cardinal transformation of the agrarian sphere of the Angara region took place. By 1935, most of the peasant households were collectivized. Collective farms have become the main conductor of socio-political changes, as well as the main organization of control over the economic side of village life. Special attention is paid to the role of MTS political departments in the agricultural sector in 1933-1934. Archival sources illustrating the negative public opinion regarding collectivization as a system of transformation in the Angara village are involved. The historical-comparative method made it possible to correlate socio-political changes at different time intervals, as well as to compare the expectations of the authorities and the social realities of the village. The historical and systematic method allowed to recreate a holistic picture of the reflection of political changes in the collective farms and political departments of MTS Priangarya. The novelty of the research lies in the involvement of unpublished archival materials that reveal the specifics of the implementation of state policy towards the peasantry. The study showed that the expectations of the authorities to complete collectivization by the beginning of 1932 in such grain areas as Siberia were not justified. The number of collective farms in Eastern Siberia grew in the early 1930s, but in 1934 the reverse process occurred – the number of collective farms became less than in 1931. In the Angara region, we can talk about the completion of collectivization no earlier than in 1935 (94% of the yards were collectivized). The collective farms implemented mainly economic policy: the management of collective farms strictly controlled discipline, the implementation of the plan of sowing, harvesting campaigns, and grain distribution. MTS political departments were responsible for controlling the ideological, political and economic aspects of collective farms' life. The opinions of the peasants presented in the article express dissatisfaction with the collective farm system, grain procurement campaigns, and working conditions on collective farms.
Rationalization of diagnostic examination periods for metalwork elements of subway escalators
Authors: Dyatlov V. N. , Kononov D. P. 
Published: November 2024

Introduction. The main element of the subway escalator is a supporting metal structure, on which all elements, components and assemblies are installed, ensuring its functioning as a continuous lifting machine. The supporting metal structure must withstand not only its own weight and the total weight of the components and mechanisms attached to it, but also provide resistance to dynamic loads arising during their operation. The implementation of comprehensive diagnostic measures aimed at analyzing the level of wear and determining the residual life of escalator metal structures encounters a number of difficulties associated with high demands on time, material and financial costs, as well as disruption of the public transport system. The main goal of this study is to optimize the timing for recording the initial data obtained during the diagnostic examination of escalator metal structures with an obvious reduction in the duration of their forced downtime. Materials and methods. During the research process, data from a comprehensive survey of escalators based on the State Unitary Enterprise “St. Petersburg Metro” in the amount of 218 pieces in the period from 2005 to 2019 were used, design documentation, statistical methods and mathematical modeling methods were used. Results. The use of a mathematical model and the principle of rationalization can significantly reduce the time and, consequently, other costs in determining the corrosion effect. Conclusion. The use of the proposed approach to the rational allocation of time periods for conducting diagnostic examinations of operated escalator metal structures facilitates the preventive final forecast estimate of the magnitude of the corrosion effect while reducing the total period of control measures by 38%. The principle of rationalization can also be used in the implementation of accelerated tests for corrosion resistance of materials.
A HISTORICAL STUDY ON THE CONTRIBUTION OF SALESIAN MISSIONARIES TO EDUCATION IN ASSAM
Authors: Narzary Justin , Basumatary Sudev Chandra 
Published: November 2024

The Salesians of Don Bosco are well known for ‘Don Bosco’ educational institutions. Right from the very beginning of Salesian presence in Northeast India, “Don Bosco”, has been synonymous with good education. Don Bosco institutions have sought to impart quality education, relating the knowledge of science and technology, to knowledge of humanities, reinforcing it with the values of Don Bosco’s way of education as a source of meaning for life furthering the process of learning and building a society that transcends caste and creed. In Assam region of India, the work of the Salesians was greatly appreciated by the people in general as well as by government officials and others in responsible positions. The main educational centre’s set up by the Salesians in the bigger cities of the region attracted students from throughout the State of Assam and perceptibly helped further their economic and social development. The present paper, attempts to highlight some of the significant contribution of Salesian missionaries in the field of school education, technical education and infrastructural facilities in state of the Assam.