bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Central Pulse Wave Velocity and Augmentation Index Are Repeatable and Reproducible Measures of Arterial Function
Authors: Russell Sophie L. , Rahman Mushidur , Steward Charles J. , Harwood Amy E. , McGregor Gordon , Banerjee Prithwish , Okwose Nduka C. , Jakovljevic Djordje G. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsArterial function (specifically arterial stiffness) is an important cardiovascular risk factor. Pulse wave velocity (PWV) and augmentation index (Al) are established indicators of arterial function. The present study aimed to evaluate the repeatability and reproducibility of PWV and Al in healthy individuals.MethodsForty healthy participants (age 33 ± 11 years, 17 females) underwent resting supine PWV and Al assessments. Measurements were made in triplicate and repeated 1 week apart. Al was measured by brachial occlusion and PWV was measured from the carotid artery to the femoral artery via the tonometer‐oscillometric method. Repeatability and reproducibility were assessed using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Interoperator reproducibility was performed on 10 participants.ResultsThe average values for week‐to‐week visits for PWV and Al were 6.20 ± 0.91 versus 6.13 ± 0.91 ms−1 and 14.0 ± 11.8 versus 16.3 ± 12.2% respectively. For same‐day measurements, both PWV and Al showed excellent repeatability (PWV: ICC = 0.96, 95% CI: 0.92–0.98, p < 0.01; Al: ICC = 0.90, 95% CI: 0.84–0.94, p < 0.01) and interoperator reproducibility (PWV: ICC = 0.98, 95% CI: 0.93–1.00, p < 0.01; Al: ICC = 0.93, 95% CI: 0.69–0.98, p < 0.01). Measurements were repeated 1 week apart and showed good reproducibility (PWV: ICC = 0.77, 95% CI: 0.61–0.87, p ≤ 0.01; Al: ICC = 0.73, 95% CI: 0.73–0.86, p < 0.01).ConclusionPWV and Al demonstrate excellent repeatability and good reproducibility. Considering these variables are noninvasive and easy‐to‐measure, arterial function assessment may have a role in routine clinical practice to facilitate risk stratification in cardiovascular diseases.
The Types and Effectiveness of Mobile Health Applications Used in Improving Oral Cancer Knowledge: A Mixed Methods Systematic Review
Authors: Kanmodi Kehinde Kazeem , Salami Afeez Abolarinwa , Shah Kamini , Zohoori Fatemeh Vida , Nnyanzi Lawrence Achilles 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTBackground and AimsThe global burden of oral cancer (OC) is enormous. Mobile health applications have been found to play a promising role in cancer prevention; however, no known systematic review evidence exists on whether the use of mobile health applications is effective in increasing public knowledge of OC or not. Therefore, this systematic review aimed to synthesize evidence on the types and effectiveness of mobile health applications used for improving OC knowledge.MethodsThis study adopted a mixed methods systematic review design. The review methodology was informed by Joanna Brigg's Institute's PRISMA checklist and the AMSTAR‐2 guidelines. The literature used for this review were obtained through the search of multiple sources, including 12 electronic databases, web sources, and manual searching of the reference lists and citations of the included articles. Quality appraisal of the included articles was done using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool, after which relevant data were collected, synthesized, and configured.ResultsA total of three high‐quality articles, from two studies conducted in India, were included in this review. The studies investigated 574 participants, who are predominantly doctors and community members, on two Android‐based mobile health applications (M‐OncoED and Prayaas). Only Prayaas was found to significantly increase OC knowledge among its users (p < 0.05). Only M‐OncoED was found to significantly increase the practice of OC screening advice provision among a selected group of users. No other significant finding was reported on the effect of OC knowledge obtained from the use of these applications on clinical, behavioral, and epidemiological outcomes.ConclusionMobile health application‐based education is a highly underutilised but very promising strategy that can be used to improve public knowledge of OC. This strategy needs to be adopted in public education programmes on OC.
Low‐dose aspirin improves blood perfusion of obstetric anticardiolipin syndrome in China
Authors: Cao Yilei , Zhou Renyi , Yu Daier , Zhao Aimin , Zhang Xiaoxin 
Published: October 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis study evaluates the endometrial receptivity of obstetric anticardiolipin syndrome (OAPS) patients using various ultrasound indicators and the efficacy of low‐dose aspirin (LDA) treatment.MethodsThis retrospective study recruited patients from Shanghai Ren Ji Hospital, China from January 2022 to December 2023. Doppler parameters of the endometrium and uterine artery blood flow were recorded to assess the endometrial receptivity of OAPS patients compared with normal pregnant women and an other immune diseases group. The receiver operating characteristic curve was used to predict the risk of OAPS patients. Doppler parameters of OAPS patients were conducted repeatedly after a 2‐month period of treatment with LDA.ResultsCompared with normal pregnant women, the OAPS group showed remarkably increased endometrial perfusion resistance (PI, RI, S/D) and uterine artery perfusion resistance (RI and S/D) (P < 0.001) and had good predictive values (area under the curve = 0.806, 0.976, 0.942, 0.902, and 0.901, respectively). The endometrial thickness of the OAPS group was much thinner than that of the normal group (P < 0.001). Uterine blood flow impedance PI showed no difference in both groups (P = 0.68). In comparison to other autoimmune diseases, the OAPS group also showed an increasing trend in the resistance of endometrium and uterine artery blood flow. After LDA treatment, there was an obvious improvement in the endometrial blood flow perfusion in the OAPS group (P < 0.01).ConclusionCompared with the normal group and other autoimmune diseases, the resistance of endometrial and uterine artery blood flow in the OAPS group was increased significantly. The Doppler index showed the predictive value of OAPS, and it was confirmed that LDA could enhance blood perfusion among OAPS women.
Advancing Leukocyte Classification: A Cutting‐Edge Deep Learning Approach for AI‐Driven Clinical Diagnosis
Authors: Shaik Ahmadsaidulu , Tiwari Abhishek , Neelapu Balachakravarthy , Jain Puneet Kumar , Banoth Earu 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTWhite blood cells (WBCs) are crucial components of the immune system, responsible for detecting and eliminating pathogens. Accurate detection and classification of WBCs are essential for various clinical diagnostics. This study aims to develop an AI framework for detecting and classifying WBCs from microscopic images using a customized YOLOv5 model with three key modifications. Firstly, the C3 module in YOLOv5's backbone is replaced with the innovative C3TR structure to enhance feature extraction and reduce background noise. Secondly, the BiFPN is integrated into the neck to improve feature localization and discrimination. Thirdly, an additional layer in the head enhances detection of small WBCs. Experiments on the BCCD dataset, comprising 352 microscopic blood smear images with leukocytes, demonstrated the framework's superiority over state‐of‐the‐art methods, achieving 99.4% accuracy. Furthermore, the model exhibits computational efficiency, operating over five times faster than existing YOLO models. These findings underscore the framework's promise in medical diagnostics, showcasing deep learning's supremacy in automated cell classification.
“It's the thoughts you don't really say in your head”: Building narrative identity in the high school to college writing transition
Authors: Sullivan Vanessa 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis article presents the findings of a study in which college freshman reflected on the process of writing a literacy narrative and considered the impact of such writing on their narrative identities. The author synthesizes existing scholarship on literacy narratives, discusses the methodology of interpretive phenomenological analysis utilized, and highlights the pedagogical choices that writing instructors can make to utilize this assignment to support academic confluence based on the findings.
ANGPTL4—A protein involved in glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism, and tumor development
Authors: Xu Zhilong , Jiang Gening 
Published: October 2024

AbstractSince ANGPTL4 was discovered to be involved in lipid metabolism in 2000 for the first time, Angptl4 has attracted the attention of researchers. With the further research, it was found that angptl4 was also involved in many biological activities (glucose metabolism, angiogenesis, wound healing, tumor growth, etc.) in vivo. In this review, we provide an overview of the fundamental role of ANGPTL4 in metabolic regulation and its impact on tumor growth. These insights may provide a way for exploring ANGPTL4 as a potential therapeutic target for future disease treatments.
Effects of airway clearance in hospitalized children with neurologic impairment
Authors: Warniment Amanda , Hall Matt , Berry Jay G. , Korn Emilie , Griego Elena , Lu Elise , Steuart Rebecca , Bonafide Chris , Simon Tamara , Tarchichi Tony , Shah Samir S. , Thomson Joanna 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAirway clearance therapies (ACT) are often used to optimize respiratory function for children with neurologic impairment (CNI) hospitalized with acute respiratory infections (ARI). In a five‐center retrospective cohort study of CNI aged 1–18 years hospitalized between 2013 and 2015 with ARI, we assessed the association of admission ACT with hospital outcomes (days to return to baseline respiratory support and length of stay [LOS]). Generalized estimated equation (GEE) models examined the association between ACT and outcomes, while accounting for clustering. Propensity scores estimating the likelihood of receiving ACT were included in the GEE models as inverse probability of treatment weights to account for confounding. In adjusted analyses, children receiving admission ACT required similar time to return to respiratory baseline (adjusted risk ratio [aRR] 1.24, 95%CI: 0.95,1.62) and had similar LOS (aRR 1.08, 95%CI: 0.88,1.32) compared with children not receiving ACT. Future studies should seek to identify subpopulations of CNI who benefit most from ACT.
Repeatability, Reproducibility, and Observer Variability of Cortical T1 Mapping for Renal Tissue Characterization
Authors: Nowak Magdalena , Henningsson Markus , Davis Tom , Chowdhury Najib , Dennis Andrea , Fernandes Carolina , Thomaides Brears Helena , Robson Matthew D. 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundThe global rise in kidney diseases underscores the need for reliable, noninvasive imaging biomarkers. Among these, renal cortical T1 has shown promise but further technical validation is still required.PurposeTo evaluate the repeatability, reproducibility, and observer variability of kidney cortical T1 mapping in human volunteers without known renal disease.Study TypeProspective.SubjectsThree cohorts without renal disease: 1) 25 volunteers (median age 38 [interquartile range, IQR: 28–42] years, female N = 11) for scan–rescan assessments on GE 1.5 T and Siemens 1.5 T; 2) 29 volunteers (median age 29 [IQR: 24–40] years, female N = 15) for scan–rescan assessments on Siemens 3 T; and 3) 16 volunteers (median age 34 [IQR: 31–42] years, female N = 8) for cross‐scanner reproducibility.Field Strength/Sequences1.5 T and 3 T, a modified Look‐Locker imaging (MOLLI) sequence with a balanced steady‐state free precession (bSSFP) readout.AssessmentKidney cortical T1 data was acquired on GE 1.5 T scanner, Siemens 1.5 T and 3 T scanners. Within‐scanner repeatability and inter/intra‐observer variability: GE 1.5 T and Siemens 1.5 T, and cross‐scanner manufacturer reproducibility: Siemens 1.5 T–GE 1.5 T.Statistical TestsBland Altman analysis, coefficient of variation (CoV), intra‐class coefficient (ICC), and repeatability coefficient (RC).ResultsRenal cortical T1 mapping showed high repeatability and reliability across scanner field strengths and manufacturers (repeatability: CoV 1.9%–2.8%, ICC 0.79–0.88, pooled RC 73 msec; reproducibility: CoV 3.0%, ICC 0.75, RC 90 msec). The method also showed robust observer variability (CoV 0.6%–1.4%, ICC 0.93–0.98, RC 22–48 msec).Data ConclusionKidney cortical T1 mapping is a highly repeatable and reproducible method across MRI manufacturers, field strengths, and observer conditions.Evidence Level2Technical EfficacyStage 2
Optimization of extraction for efficient recovery of kenaf seed protein isolates: evaluation of physicochemical and techno‐functional characteristics
Authors: Hamim Nur Aqilah , Saari Nazamid , Wan Ibadullah Wan Zunairah , Mohamed Abdul Manan Dos , Anwar Farooq , Hasan Muhamad Yusuf , Abdul Rahim Mohd Zulkhairi , Abdul Rahman Muhammad Sharir , Karim Roselina 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundKenaf seeds are a rich source of protein; however, finding the best extraction method is crucial to obtaining high‐quality protein from these underutilized seeds. This research devised an optimized extraction process for best recovery of kenaf seeds protein using response surface methodology. The key parameters affecting the yield and protein content were optimized, including extraction pH (2–11), seed:water ratio (5:1–50:1), temperature (30–90 °C), and duration (20–360 min). The physicochemical and techno‐functional properties of kenaf seed protein isolates (KSPIs) were examined.ResultsA maximum protein yield of 12.05 g/100 g with purity level 91.94 g/100 g was obtained using an optimized extraction with pH 11.0, seed:water ratio 50:1, 360 min duration, and temperature 50 °C. The oil and water retention capacities of KSPI were 1.14 mL g−1 and 1.37 mL g−1 respectively. After 30 min at pH 7, KSPIs demonstrated remarkable emulsion capacity (83.12%) and stability (75.63%), along with high foaming capacity (106%) and stability (18.3%). As per high‐performance liquid chromatography analysis, arginine, glutamic acid, leucine, phenylalanine, and lysine were the most abundant amino acids detected in KPSIs. The KSPIs’ globular protein structure was successfully verified using analytical approaches, including Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, protein fraction ratios, and differential scanning calorimetry. Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis revealed that KPSI has a molecular weight distribution ranging from 10 kDa to 50 kDa.ConclusionThe results of this study support the application of the proposed response‐surface‐methodology‐optimized extraction method for efficient recovery of high‐quality kenaf seed proteins that meet the necessary physicochemical and techno‐functional requirements. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Quality assessment of various Xiushui Ninghong tea types
Authors: Zhu Zhenling , Lai Yan , Xiong Yan , Xiao Yong , Wei Yihua , Zhang Jinyan , Li Siming 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDXiushui Ninghong tea (XSNH) has a long history and is renowned both in China and internationally. Based on different processing techniques, XSNH can be classified into Ninghong Congou, Ninghong Tea Jinhao, Ninghong Tea Longxucha and other types. To investigate the differences in nutrient compounds and mineral element contents among various types of XSNH, 34 samples from seven types were collected, primarily from tea‐producing areas.RESULTSStatistical analysis indicated no significant differences in the contents of crude polysaccharides, K, Mg and Fe, whereas significant differences were observed in the levels of moisture, free amino acids, caffeine, tea polyphenols, thearubigin, theaflavins, Zn, P, Mn, Cu and Se. The data were analyzed using various statistical methods such as hierarchical cluster analysis, principal component analysis and partial least squares discriminant analysis. Characteristic compounds and elements such as theaflavin, Se, free amino acids, P and tea polyphenols were identified as key differential components for distinguishing different sample types.CONCLUSIONOur research has highlighted the differences in chemical indicators among various types of XSNH, providing a crucial theoretical basis for the future classification and grading of XSNH quality. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
In vitro digestive behavior of emulsifier‐stabilized excipient emulsions affects the bioaccessibility of flavonoids
Authors: Lin Yanping , McClements David Julian , Zhang Junlin , Ke Liang , He Yi , Xiao Jie , Cao Yong , Liu Xiaojuan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDFlavonoids, found in common vegetables and fruits, have health benefits that are often limited by their low bioavailability. Excipient emulsions provide an effective strategy to overcome these obstacles. However, the nature of the emulsifier used to formulate excipient emulsions and the chemical structure of the flavonoids both affect the bioaccessibility of the flavonoids.RESULTSThe purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of the interfacial properties of excipient emulsions on the in vitro gastrointestinal fate of representative structural flavonoids (quercetin, kaempferol, and apigenin) through the INFOGEST method. Tween 80 (TW80) (a nonionic surfactant) was more effective at reducing the oil–water interfacial tension than whey protein isolate (WPI) (a protein‐based emulsifier) or octenyl succinic anhydride (OSA)‐modified starch (MS) (a polysaccharide‐based emulsifier). Moreover, TW80 created excipient emulsions with smaller oil droplets, which were more resistant to oral and gastric conditions. The WPI‐emulsions underwent severe flocculation in the gastric phase, leading to an appreciable increase in particle size (from 220 to 3000 nm). The TW80‐coated oil droplets were more digestible than WPI‐ or MS‐coated ones. This was attributed to the larger lipid surface area for lipase attachment. The bioaccessibility of quercetin, kaempferol, and apigenin was also affected by emulsifiers: TW 80 (25% to 45%) > WPI (14% to 29%) ≈ MS (15% to 25%). Flavonoid bioaccessibility appeared to be related to their molecular properties.CONCLUSIONThis study provides guidance for the design of effective excipient emulsions to enhance the bioavailability of flavonoids. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Inter‐Reader Agreement for Contrast‐Enhanced Ultrasound Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System Major Features and Final Categorization
Authors: Kuon Yeng Escalante Cristina M. , Siu Xiao Tania , Kono Yuko , Piscaglia Fabio , Wilson Stephanie R. , Medellin Alexandra , Rodgers Shuchi K. , Planz Virginia , Kamaya Aya , Fetzer David T. , Berzigotti Annalisa , Sidhu Paul S. , Wessner Corinne E. , Bradigan Kristen , Eisenbrey John R. , Forsberg Flemming , Lyshchik Andrej ,   CEUS LI‐RADS Trial Group
Published: October 2024

ObjectivesContrast‐enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI‐RADS) is used to definitively diagnose hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients at risk. However, the user variability associated with CEUS LI‐RADS has not been validated in North American and European patients. This study aims to evaluate the inter‐reader agreements of CEUS LI‐RADS features for, and final categorization of, HCC in patients at risk.MethodsThis retrospective multicenter clinical study used the database of a previous prospective multinational study, evaluating the accuracy of CEUS LI‐RADS for HCC diagnosis in patients at risk. All cases were first evaluated by a site physician performing/supervising the CEUS examination. Randomly selected cases were re‐evaluated by a blinded central reader. Final diagnosis was confirmed with the reference standard, which was a composite of imaging tests and histology. Cohen's kappa test was used to evaluate inter‐reader agreement.ResultsThis study included 150 liver nodules and 58.0% (87/150) were confirmed as HCC, 4.7% (7/150) non‐HCC malignancies, 22.7% (34/150) had no confirmed final diagnosis, and 14.7% (22/150) were nonmalignant. Inter‐reader agreements were substantial for CEUS LI‐RADS categorization (κ = 0.61; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.51–0.71) and major features assessment (ranged κ = 0.64–0.78), LR‐5 (κ = 0.65; 95% CI: 0.52–0.77), and LR‐M (κ = 0.67; 95% CI: 0.44–0.90), while for LR‐1 and LR‐2 categorization was almost perfect (κ = 0.85; 95% CI: 0.65–1.00).ConclusionOur study reported a substantial inter‐reader agreement for overall CEUS LI‐RADS categorization, especially for LR‐5 and LR‐M, and major imaging features of HCC, further confirming CEUS LI‐RADS as a valuable and reliable tool for diagnosis of HCC.
Biocompatible Zn‐Phthalocyanine/Gelatin Nanofiber Membrane for Antibacterial Therapy
Authors: Clementi Romina , Vargas Maria Angela , Cid Mariana , Salvatierra Nancy , Comín Romina , Tempesti Tomas 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn this study, the fabrication and characterization of Zn‐phthalocyanine/gelatin nanofibrous membranes is reported using the electrospinning technique. The membranes exhibit a homogeneous distribution of Zn‐phthalocyanine within the gelatin matrix, maintaining the structural integrity and photosensitizing properties of the phthalocyanine. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the electrospun fibers possess diameters ranging results as 100–300, 200–700, and 300–800 nm for Gel, ZnPc/Gel 1, and ZnPc/Gel 2, respectively. The addition of ZnPc does not decrease the hydrophilicity of the Gel membrane. The nanofibrous membranes showed good cytocompatibility, as indicated by the high viability of Vero cells exposed to membrane extracts. Furthermore, these composites supported cell adhesion and proliferation on their surfaces. The two Zn‐phthalocyanine/gelatin nanofiber formulations exhibited significant antimicrobial activity toward Escherichia Coli (E. Coli) and Staphylococcus Aureus (S. Aureus) under visible light illumination, achieving reductions of 3.4 log10 and 3.6 log10 CFU mL−1 for E. coli, and 3.9 log10 and 4.1 log10 CFU mL−1 for S. aureus. These results demonstrate the potential of Zn‐phthalocyanine/gelatin nanofibrous membranes as effective agents in antibacterial photodynamic therapy, providing a promising solution to control bacterial infections and antibiotic resistance.
Emissive Hydrazone‐Linked Covalent Organic Frameworks as Highly Sensitive and Selective Sensor for the Hydrazine Detection
Authors: Liu Longjin , Wei Dongxue , Liang Hao , Zhang Yuwei , Zhang Xueyan , Zhi Yongfeng 
Published: October 2024

AbstractCovalent Organic Frameworks (COFs) exhibit a range of exceptional attributes, including notable porosity, outstanding stability, and a precisely tuned π‐conjugated network, rendering them highly promising candidates for fluorescence sensors applications. In this study, the synthesis of two emissive hydrazone‐linked COFs designed for hydrazine detection is presented. The partially conjugated structure of the hydrazone linkage effectively weakens the fluorescence quenching processes induced by aggregation. Additionally, the incorporation of flexible structural components further reduces conjugation, thereby enhancing luminescent efficiency. Remarkably, these COFs possess a significant abundance of heteroatoms, enabling distinctive interactions with hydrazine molecules, which in turn results in exceptional selectivity and sensitivity for hydrazine detection. The detection limit of these COFs reaches the nanomolar range, surpassing all previously reported COFs, thereby underscoring their superior performance in chemical sensing applications.