bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetic relatedness of indigenous ethnic groups in northern Borneo to neighboring populations from Southeast Asia, as inferred from genome‐wide SNP data
Authors: Yew Chee Wei , Hoque Mohd Zahirul , Pugh‐Kitingan Jacqueline , Minsong Alexander , Voo Christopher Lok Yung , Ransangan Julian , Lau Sophia Tiek Ying , Wang Xu , Saw Woei Yuh , Ong Rick Twee‐Hee , Teo Yik‐Ying , Xu Shuhua , Hoh Boon‐Peng , Phipps Maude E. , Kumar S. Vijay 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe region of northern Borneo is home to the current state of Sabah, Malaysia. It is located closest to the southern Philippine islands and may have served as a viaduct for ancient human migration onto or off of Borneo Island. In this study, five indigenous ethnic groups from Sabah were subjected to genome‐wide SNP genotyping. These individuals represent the “North Borneo”‐speaking group of the great Austronesian family. They have traditionally resided in the inland region of Sabah. The dataset was merged with public datasets, and the genetic relatedness of these groups to neighboring populations from the islands of Southeast Asia, mainland Southeast Asia and southern China was inferred. Genetic structure analysis revealed that these groups formed a genetic cluster that was independent of the clusters of neighboring populations. Additionally, these groups exhibited near‐absolute proportions of a genetic component that is also common among Austronesians from Taiwan and the Philippines. They showed no genetic admixture with Austro‐Melanesian populations. Furthermore, phylogenetic analysis showed that they are closely related to non–Austro‐Melansian Filipinos as well as to Taiwan natives but are distantly related to populations from mainland Southeast Asia. Relatively lower heterozygosity and higher pairwise genetic differentiation index (FST) values than those of nearby populations indicate that these groups might have experienced genetic drift in the past, resulting in their differentiation from other Austronesians. Subsequent formal testing suggested that these populations have received no gene flow from neighboring populations. Taken together, these results imply that the indigenous ethnic groups of northern Borneo shared a common ancestor with Taiwan natives and non–Austro‐Melanesian Filipinos and then isolated themselves on the inland of Sabah. This isolation presumably led to no admixture with other populations, and these individuals therefore underwent strong genetic differentiation. This report contributes to addressing the paucity of genetic data on representatives from this strategic region of ancient human migration event(s).
A novel IKBKG mutation in a patient with incontinentia pigmenti and features of hepatic ciliopathy
Authors: Danescu Sorina , Has Cristina , Baican Corina , Müller Thomas , Baican Adrian 
Published: March 2018

AbstractWe describe a new mutation in exon 4 of IKBKG, encoding nuclear factor‐kappa B in a patient with incontinentia pigmenti. The patient had a severe cholestatic liver disease with features of a ciliopathy and underwent liver transplantation. We cannot establish a link between incontinentia pigmenti, a very rare disease, and hepatic ciliopathy, but we suggest that hepatic evaluation should be considered in patients with incontinentia pigmenti.
Maternal cytomegalovirus sero‐positivity and autism symptoms in children
Authors: Slawinski Brooke L. , Talge Nicole , Ingersoll Brooke , Smith Arianna , Glazier Alicynne , Kerver Jean , Paneth Nigel , Racicot Karen 
Published: March 2018

ProblemAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) is one of the most commonly diagnosed neurodevelopmental disorders in the United States. While ASD can be significantly influenced by genetics, prenatal exposure to maternal infections has also been implicated in conferring risk. Despite this, the effects of several important maternal pathogens, such as cytomegalovirus (CMV) and herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV2), remain unknown.Method of studyWe tested whether maternal CMV and/or HSV2 sero‐positivity was associated with ASD symptoms in children. ELISA was used to assay for CMV IgG and HSV2 IgG in serum from the mothers of 82 children whose ASD symptoms were assessed at 3‐6 years of age using the Social Responsiveness Scale version 2 (SRS‐2).ResultsAssociations between maternal viral serostatus and SRS‐2 scores were estimated using linear regression with covariate adjustments. The children of mothers sero‐positive for CMV, but not for HSV2, had SRS‐2 scores 3.6‐4.2 points higher, depending on the adjustment model, than sero‐negative women, a significant finding, robust to several statistical adjustments.ConclusionOur results suggest that maternal CMV infections may influence ASD symptoms. These findings are being further evaluated in ongoing prospective studies with larger population samples.
Surgical versus non‐surgical management of type B ankle fractures with minimal talar shift in adults: a systematic review
Authors: Mittal Rajat , Drynan David , Harris Ian A. , Naylor Justine M. 
Published: March 2018

BackgroundThis systematic review aims to determine the effectiveness of surgical and non‐surgical management for the type B ankle fracture with minimal talar shift.MethodsTwo authors independently systematically searched the following databases: MEDLINE, EMBASE and CENTRAL. Only randomized controlled trials were included that evaluated surgical versus non‐surgical management of type B ankle fracture with minimal talar shift in adults. Two authors independently performed study selection, risk of bias assessment and data extraction. Main outcomes extracted were general health and ankle function. Heterogeneity was assessed using I2 and chi‐squared statistic. Data were pooled using fixed effect where appropriate.ResultsTwo studies were included involving 241 patients. The pooled mean difference for the physical component score was 0.60 (95% confidence interval (CI): −1.62 to 2.82) non‐significantly favouring surgical management. One study reported no significant difference in ankle function (mean difference: 3.20; 95% CI: −6.56 to 12.96) whilst the other reported a significant difference favouring non‐surgical management (mean difference: 3.20; 95% CI: 0.44–5.96). Ankle function scores were not pooled due to heterogeneity. Meta‐analysis showed that the surgical group was more likely to develop a minor infection (odds ratio: 12.46; 95% CI: 2.29–67.78) or undergo hardware removal (odds ratio: 4.40; 95% CI: 1.09–17.84). There was no significant difference in major infection between the two groups (odds ratio: 4.03; 95% CI: 0.44–36.65; favouring non‐surgical management).ConclusionThere was no significant difference in the general health outcome or ankle function for patients treated surgically versus non‐surgically at 12 months. Further follow‐up is needed to evaluate longer‐term ankle function.
A comparative study on different Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty graft preparation techniques
Authors: Parekh Mohit , Borroni Davide , Ruzza Alessandro , Levis Hannah J , Ferrari Stefano , Ponzin Diego , Romano Vito 
Published: March 2018

AbstractPurposeTo compare different Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) graft preparation methods.MethodsStripping from the trabecular meshwork (M1) using epithelial spatula; stripping by scoring the peripheral endothelium (M2) using Sinskey hook; stripping by punch method (M3) using donor trephine; Submerged hydro‐separation (M4); and pneumatic dissection method (M5) were evaluated. Preparation time, costs, endothelial cell loss (ECL) postpreparation, cell death and morphology were compared. Hoechst/Ethidium/Calcien AM (HEC) staining and Zonula Occludens‐1 (ZO‐1) expression were analysed. Statistical analysis was performed using one‐way anova and; Tukey as post hoc test.ResultsA total of 35 corneas (seven per group) were used. Endothelial cell loss (ECL) represented as Mean (SD), in M1, M2, M3, M4 and M5 was 2.7 (5.0), 3.0 (7.4), 1.2 (7.4), 3.3 (7.3) and 4.1 (7.1)%, respectively not showing any difference between the groups (p = 0.96). A significantly higher cell death (p < 0.05) was observed in M4 and M5 compared with M1, M2 and M3. Graft preparation time was significantly shorter in M4 and M5 and longest in M3 (p < 0.05). M3 was the most expensive preparation technique. Minimum pleomorphic cells were observed in M1, M2 and M3, whereas moderate pleomorphism was seen in M4 and M5. Hoechst, Ethidium homodimer and Calcein AM (HEC) staining showed high Ethidium positivity (dead cells) in M4 and M5 with minimum positivity in M1, M2 and M3. Zonula Occludens‐1 (ZO‐1) was expressed in all the conditions except the denuded areas.ConclusionGraft preparation using Sinskey hook (M2) and donor punch (M3) are reliable methods in terms of efficiency and quality with acceptable range of ECL. The preparation time and associated costs could be a limitation for M3.
Responses are durable for up to 5 years after completion of peginterferon alfa‐2a treatment in hepatitis B e antigen‐positive patients
Authors: Chuang W.‐L. , Jia J. , Chan H. L. Y. , Han K.‐H. , Tanwandee T. , Tan D. , Chen X. , Gane E. , Piratvisuth T. , Chen L. , Xie Q. , Sung J. J.‐Y. , Messinger D. , Wat C. , Bakalos G. , Liaw Y. F. 
Published: March 2018

SummaryBackgroundIn the large randomised NEPTUNE study, peginterferon alfa‐2a 180 μg/wk for 48 weeks produced higher hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) seroconversion rates 24 weeks post‐treatment (36%) than a lower dose (90 μg/wk) and/or shorter duration (24 weeks) (range 14%‐26%).AimTo determine seroconversion rates 5 years after completion of treatment in NEPTUNE.MethodsHBeAg‐positive patients who completed 24 weeks’ follow‐up in NEPTUNE (with peginterferon alfa‐2a 90 μg/wk × 24 weeks [group 1]; 180 μg/wk × 24 weeks [2]; 90 μg/wk × 48 weeks [3] or 180 μg/wk × 48 weeks [4]) were followed up.ResultsThree hundred and eighty three of the 544 patients in the original study were enrolled in the long‐term follow‐up study. Many patients (196 overall; more in groups 1‐3 than 4) received nucleos(t)ide analogues or immunomodulators during follow‐up, and more patients had missing data at year 5 in groups 2 and 4 (48 weeks, 50/112) than in groups 1 and 3 (24 weeks, 23/103), which confounds the planned per‐protocol analysis. HBeAg seroconversion rates in groups 1, 2, 3 and 4 at year 5 were 47.5%, 50.7%, 52.2% and 67.1%, respectively, (odds ratio for group 4 versus 1‐3: 2.02; 95% CI 1.21, 3.38), using multiple imputation methods for missing measurements.ConclusionSeroconversion rates are durable for up to 5 years after completion of peginterferon alfa‐2a therapy and, consistent with NEPTUNE, the results suggest that the licensed regimen (180 μg × 48 weeks) is more efficacious for HBeAg‐positive patients than a lower dose and/or shorter treatment duration.
Impact of serotonin reuptake inhibitor use on breast milk supply in mothers of preterm infants: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Grzeskowiak Luke E. , Leggett Catherine , Costi Lynn , Roberts Claire T. , Amir Lisa H. 
Published: March 2018

AimsThe aims of the present study were to examine the association between late pregnancy exposure to serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SRI) antidepressants and difficulties in achieving an adequate breast milk supply in women who have given birth to preterm infants, while accounting for the potential impacts of underlying maternal psychiatric illness.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was carried out of 3024 women delivering liveborn preterm infants (<37 weeks' gestation) between January 2004 and December 2008. The primary outcome was postnatal domperidone use, considered to be a valid proxy for the presence and pharmacological management of low milk supply. Relative risks adjusted for maternal sociodemographic characteristics and comorbidities (aRRs) were calculated for low milk supply, comparing women with late pregnancy exposure to SRI antidepressants (n = 86), women with a psychiatric illness but no antidepressant use (n = 126) and women with neither antenatal exposures (n = 2812).ResultsCompared with non‐exposed women, nonmedicated psychiatric illness [aRR 1.64; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.16, 2.30] but not late pregnancy SRI use (aRR 1.00; 95% CI 0.59, 1.70) was associated with an increased risk of domperidone use, indicative of low milk supply.ConclusionsThese findings do not support the previously observed negative impacts of antidepressant use on breastfeeding, instead suggesting that women with an underlying psychiatric illness appear at greatest risk of experiencing low milk supply and could benefit from additional breastfeeding education and support.
Inter‐relations among negative social control, self‐efficacy, and physical activity in healthy couples
Authors: Hohl Diana Hilda , Lüscher Janina , Keller Jan , Heuse Silke , Scholz Urte , Luszczynska Aleksandra , Knoll Nina 
Published: March 2018

ObjectivesIn romantic relationships, partners can influence each other's health‐relevant behaviour by exerting negative social control (e.g., pressuring), however, with mixed success. To elucidate this phenomenon, we examined couples motivated to increase their physical activity and investigated the degree to which both partners exerted negative control on each other, their self‐efficacy, reciprocal associations among the two behaviour‐specific constructs, and their relationship with moderate‐to‐vigorous physical activity (MVPA).DesignThis was a longitudinal study with three assessment periods (T0, T2, T3) spanning 7 weeks.MethodsWe performed secondary analyses with data from the control condition (N = 113 heterosexual couples) of a published randomized controlled trial. Dyadic mediator models specified either both partners’ self‐efficacy as predictors and provided negative partner control to each other as mediators or vice versa. The outcomes comprised both partners’ accelerometer‐assessed MVPA. Mediators and outcomes were controlled for their T0 values.ResultsThe first model showed that women's and men's provided negative partner control (T0) was positively related to the other partners’ self‐efficacy (T2). Testing the alternative predictive direction, the second model showed that only women's self‐efficacy (T0) was associated with more provided negative partner control (T2) by men. Women and men showed less MVPA (T3) when their partners had provided them with more negative control at T2.ConclusionsAs negative control provided to partners may be detrimental to their behaviour change, interventionists should advise couples to avoid it. However, active ingredients of negative control that may benefit recipients’ self‐efficacy beliefs should be investigated in future work.
Statement of contribution

What is already known on this subject?

Couples often try to change each other's health behaviour not just using supportive tactics, but also controlling ones.

Negative partner control (e.g., rebuking and nagging) was found to have adverse or no effects on control recipients’ health behaviour change.

To understand underlying mechanisms of this relationship, reactance and negative affect of recipients have been investigated, but only rarely their self‐efficacy, a consistent individual predictor of behaviour change that is likely to share reciprocal relations with social exchange processes, including negative social control.

What does this study add?

Although harmful for behaviour change, negative partner control may increase control recipients’ self‐efficacy.

Higher self‐efficacy of one partner may also increase provided negative partner control by the other.
Prospective analysis of hydrogel spacer for patients with prostate cancer undergoing radiotherapy
Authors: Chao Michael , Ho Huong , Chan Yee , Tan Alwin , Pham Trung , Bolton Damien , Troy Andrew , Temelcos Catherine , Sengupta Shomik , McMillan Kevin , Cham Chee Wee , Liu Madalena , Ding Wei , Subramanian Brindha , Wasiak Jason , Lim Joon Daryl , Spencer Sandra , Lawrentschuk Nathan 
Published: March 2018

ObjectiveTo report on the dosimetric benefits and late toxicity outcomes after injection of hydrogel spacer (HS) between the prostate and rectum for patients treated with prostate radiotherapy (RT).Patients and MethodsIn all, 76 patients with a clinical stage of T1–T3a prostate cancer underwent general anaesthesia for fiducial marker insertion plus injection of the HS into the perirectal space before intensity‐modulated RT (IMRT) or volumetric‐modulated arc RT (VMAT). HS safety, dosimetric benefits, and the immediate‐ to long‐term effects of gastrointestinal (GI) toxicity were assessed.ResultsThere were no postoperative complications reported. The mean (range) prostate size was 66.0 (25.0–187.0) mm. Rectal dose volume parameters were observed and the volume of rectum receiving 70 Gy (rV70), 75 Gy (rV75) and 78 Gy (rV78) was 7.8%, 3.6% and 0.4%, respectively. In all, 21% of patients (16/76) developed acute Grade 1 GI toxicities, but all were resolved completely by 3 months after treatment; whilst, 3% of patients (2/76) developed late Grade 1 GI toxicities. No patients had acute or late Grade ≥2 GI toxicities.ConclusionInjection of HS resulted in a reduction of irradiated rectal dose volumes along with minimal GI toxicities, irrespective of prostate size.
Obese patients with castration‐resistant prostate cancer may be at a lower risk of all‐cause mortality: results from the Shared Equal Access Regional Cancer Hospital (SEARCH) database
Authors: Vidal Adriana C. , Howard Lauren E. , de Hoedt Amanda , Kane Christopher J. , Terris Martha K. , Aronson William J. , Cooperberg Matthew R. , Amling Christopher L. , Freedland Stephen J. 
Published: March 2018

ObjectiveTo assess whether obesity is associated with progression to metastasis, prostate cancer‐specific mortality (PCSM), and all‐cause mortality (ACM), in patients with non‐metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer (non‐mCRPC). At the population level, obesity is associated with prostate cancer mortality; however, some studies have found that higher body mass index (BMI) is associated with better long‐term prostate cancer outcomes amongst men with mCRPC.Patients and MethodsWe identified 1 192 patients with non‐mCRPC from the Shared Equal Access Regional Cancer Hospital (SEARCH) database. BMI was calculated from height and weight abstracted from the medical records at the time closest to but prior to CRPC diagnosis and categorised as underweight (<21 kg/m2), normal weight (21–24.9 kg/m2), overweight (25–29.9 kg/m2), and obese (≥30 kg/m2). Competing risks regression and Cox models were used to test associations between obesity and progression to metastasis, PCSM, and ACM, accounting for confounders.ResultsOverall, 51 (4%) men were underweight, 239 (25%) were normal weight, 464 (39%) were overweight, and 438 (37%) were obese. In adjusted analysis, higher BMI was significantly associated with reduced ACM (hazard ratio [HR] 0.98, P = 0.012) but not PCSM (HR 1.00, P = 0.737) or metastases (HR 0.99, P = 0.225). Likewise, when BMI was treated as a categorical variable in adjusted models, obesity was not associated with PCSM (HR 1.11, P = 0.436) or metastases (HR 1.06, P = 0.647), but was associated with decreased ACM (HR 0.79, P = 0.016) compared to normal weight. No data were available on treatments received after CRPC diagnosis.ConclusionsAmongst patients with non‐mCRPC obesity was associated with better overall survival. Although this result mirrors evidence from men with mCRPC, obesity was not associated with prostate cancer outcomes. Larger studies are needed to confirm these findings.
Medication adherence in first‐episode psychosis patients in Singapore
Authors: Tan Chunzhen , Abdin Edimansyah , Liang Wilfred , Poon Lye Yin , Poon Ngar Yee , Verma Swapna 
Published: March 2018

AimEarly intervention programmes for first episode psychosis (FEP) aim to reduce the duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) and improve functional outcomes. The sustained maintenance of improved outcomes depends largely on patients' adherence to prescribed treatment. This paper examines the prevalence of non‐adherence in a cohort of patients with FEP and the sociodemographic and clinical factors associated with non‐adherent behaviour.MethodsThe sample included consecutive patients accepted from 2007 to 2012 into the Early Psychosis Intervention Programme (EPIP) in Singapore. Sociodemographic variables as well as DUP, insight, severity of psychopathology and clinical diagnoses were collected. Patients were assessed at baseline and 1 year with the PANSS and Global Assessment of Functioning Scale (GAF). Medication adherence was grouped into 3 categories: no‐adherence, partial adherence and regular adherence.ResultsOf the 445 patients included, 51% were male with a mean age of 26.3 years, 74.6% had schizophrenia spectrum and delusional disorders, 14% had affective psychosis and 11.3% had brief psychotic disorder or psychotic disorder not otherwise specified. At 1 year follow up, 65.5% reported regular adherence, 18.7% were partially adherent and 15.8% were non‐adherent. Non‐adherence was correlated with male gender, living alone and having poorer judgement and insight. Partial adherence was associated with Malay ethnicity and having undergone national service.ConclusionMedication adherence is prevalent in FEP and associated with a variety of factors. This study supports the use of culturally appropriate interventions in addressing barriers to adherence. Further studies would need to be done to address specific factors affecting adherence outcomes.
My prolonged collaboration with Ray Guillery
Authors: Sherman S. Murray 
Published: March 2018

AbstractMy active collaboration with Ray Guillery started in 1968, when he was a Full Professor at the University of Wisconsin and I was a graduate student at the University of Pennsylvania. The collaboration lasted almost 50 years with virtually no breaks. Among the ideas we proposed are that glutamatergic pathways in thalamus and cortex can be classified into drivers and modulators; that many thalamic nuclei could be classified as higher order, meaning that they receive driving input from layer 5 of cortex and participate in cortico‐thalamocortical circuits; and that much of the information relayed by thalamus serves as an efference copy for motor commands initiated by cortex.
A Typology of Interactional Patterns Between Youth and Their Stepfathers: Associations with Family Relationship Quality and Youth Well‐Being
Authors: Jensen Todd M. 
Published: March 2018

Stepfamilies are an increasingly common family form, many of which are headed by a resident mother and stepfather. Stepfather–child relationships exert notable influence on stepfamily stability and individual well‐being. Although various stepfather roles have been observed, more research is warranted by which stepfather–child interactions are explored holistically and across a variety of life domains (e.g., recreational, personal, academic, and disciplinary). Thus, the primary purpose of the current study is to explore varying interactional patterns between youth and their stepfathers. A latent class analysis is conducted using a representative sample of 1,183 youth (53% female; mean age = 15.64 years, SD = 1.70 years; 62% non‐Hispanic White) residing in mother–stepfather families from Wave I of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health. Latent‐class enumeration processes support a four‐class solution, with latent classes representing inactive, academically oriented, casually connected, and versatile and involved patterns of youth–stepparent interaction. Notable differences and similarities are evident across patterns with respect to family relationship quality, youth well‐being, and socio‐demographic characteristics. Differences are most stark between the inactive and versatile and involved patterns. Ultimately, the results showcase notable variation in youth–stepparent interactional patterns, and one size does not necessarily fit all stepfamilies. Family practitioners should be mindful of variation in youth–stepparent interactional patterns and assist stepfamilies in seeking out stepparent–child dynamics that are most compatible with the needs and dynamics of the larger family system.