bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metabolism as an early predictor of DPSCs aging
Authors: Macrin Dannie , Alghadeer Ammar , Zhao Yan Ting , Miklas Jason W. , Hussein Abdiasis M. , Detraux Damien , Robitaille Aaron M. , Madan Anup , Moon Randall T. , Wang Yuliang , Devi Arikketh , Mathieu Julie , Ruohola-Baker Hannele 
Published: February 2019

AbstractTissue resident adult stem cells are known to participate in tissue regeneration and repair that follows cell turnover, or injury. It has been well established that aging impedes the regeneration capabilities at the cellular level, but it is not clear if the different onset of stem cell aging between individuals can be predicted or prevented at an earlier stage. Here we studied the dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), a population of adult stem cells that is known to participate in the repair of an injured tooth, and its properties can be affected by aging. The dental pulp from third molars of a diverse patient group were surgically extracted, generating cells that had a high percentage of mesenchymal stem cell markers CD29, CD44, CD146 and Stro1 and had the ability to differentiate into osteo/odontogenic and adipogenic lineages. Through RNA seq and qPCR analysis we identified homeobox protein, Barx1, as a marker for DPSCs. Furthermore, using high throughput transcriptomic and proteomic analysis we identified markers for DPSC populations with accelerated replicative senescence. In particular, we show that the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) pathway and the cytoskeletal proteins are upregulated in rapid aging DPSCs, indicating a loss of stem cell characteristics and spontaneous initiation of terminal differentiation. Importantly, using metabolic flux analysis, we identified a metabolic signature for the rapid aging DPSCs, prior to manifestation of senescence phenotypes. This metabolic signature therefore can be used to predict the onset of replicative senescence. Hence, the present study identifies Barx1 as a DPSCs marker and dissects the first predictive metabolic signature for DPSCs aging.
Transcriptional profiling of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) during a compatible interaction with the cereal cyst nematode Heterodera avenae
Authors: Qiao Fen , Kong Ling-An , Peng Huan , Huang Wen-Kun , Wu Du-Qing , Liu Shi-Ming , Clarke Jihong Liu , Qiu De-Wen , Peng De-Liang 
Published: February 2019

AbstractCereal cyst nematode (CCN, Heterodera avenae) presents severe challenges to wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production worldwide. An investigation of the interaction between wheat and CCN can greatly improve our understanding of how nematodes alter wheat root metabolic pathways for their development and could contribute to new control strategies against CCN. In this study, we conducted transcriptome analyses of wheat cv. Wen 19 (Wen19) by using RNA-Seq during the compatible interaction with CCN at 1, 3 and 8 days past inoculation (dpi). In total, 71,569 transcripts were identified, and 10,929 of them were examined as differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in response to CCN infection. Based on the functional annotation and orthologous findings, the protein phosphorylation, oxidation-reduction process, regulation of transcription, metabolic process, transport, and response process as well as many other pathways previously reported were enriched at the transcriptional level. Plant cell wall hydrolysis and modifying proteins, auxin biosynthesis, signalling and transporter genes were up-regulated by CCN infection to facilitate penetration, migration and syncytium establishment. Genes responding to wounding and jasmonic acid stimuli were enriched at 1 dpi. We found 16 NBS-LRR genes, 12 of which were down-regulated, indicating the repression of resistance. The expression of genes encoding antioxidant enzymes, glutathione S-transferases and UDP-glucosyltransferase was significantly up-regulated during CCN infection, indicating that they may play key roles in the compatible interaction of wheat with CCN. Taken together, the results obtained from the transcriptome analyses indicate that the genes involved in oxidation-reduction processes, induction and suppression of resistance, metabolism, transport and syncytium establishment may be involved in the compatible interaction of Wen 19 with CCN. This study provides new insights into the responses of wheat to CCN infection. These insights could facilitate the elucidation of the potential mechanisms of wheat responses to CCN.
Association of PXR and CAR Polymorphisms and Antituberculosis Drug-Induced Hepatotoxicity
Authors: Wang Yu , Xiang Xi , Huang Wei-Wei , Sandford Andrew J , Wu Shou-Quan , Zhang Miao-Miao , Wang Ming-Gui , Chen Guo , He Jian-Qing 
Published: February 2019

AbstractA combination therapy of multiple drugs including isoniazid, rifampicin, ethambutol and pyrazinamide has been proven to be an effective option for the vast majority of tuberculosis (TB) patients. However, various adverse drug reactions (ADRs) limit its merit, with anti-TB drug-induced hepatotoxicity (ATDH) being a common and sometimes severe ADR. This study aimed to investigate the association between polymorphisms in two nuclear receptor genes, pregnane X receptor (PXR) and constitutive androstane receptor (CAR), and the risk of ATDH in a Chinese population. Subjects with or without hepatotoxicity during anti-TB treatment were recruited. DNA was extracted from peripheral blood and genotypes of the selected single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were determined by using the improved multiplex ligation detection reaction technique. Three genetic models (additive, dominant, and recessive) as well as haplotype, SNP-SNP interaction analyses were used to evaluate the genetic risk of ATDH. A total of 502 subjects (203 ATDH and 299 non-ATDH) were enrolled. The results showed that the minor allele of rs7643645 and the H0010001 haplotype in PXR were associated with decreased risk of ATDH, suggesting that drug-metabolizing enzymes regulated by PXR are involved in the pathogenesis of ATDH. More studies are required to verify this result.
Hydrogen Sulfide Protects Hyperhomocysteinemia-Induced Renal Damage by Modulation of Caveolin and eNOS Interaction
Authors: Pushpakumar Sathnur , Kundu Sourav , Sen Utpal 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe accumulation of homocysteine (Hcy) during chronic kidney failure (CKD) can exert toxic effects on the glomeruli and tubulo-interstitial region. Among the potential mechanisms, the formation of highly reactive metabolite, Hcy thiolactone, is known to modify proteins by N-homocysteinylation, leading to protein degradation, stress and impaired function. Previous studies documented impaired nitric oxide production and altered caveolin expression in hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy), leading to endothelial dysfunction. The aim of this study was to determine whether Hhcy homocysteinylates endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and alters caveolin-1 expression to decrease nitric oxide bioavailability, causing hypertension and renal dysfunction. We also examined whether hydrogen sulfide (H2S) could dehomocysteinylate eNOS to protect the kidney. WT and Cystathionine β-Synthase deficient (CBS+/−) mice representing HHcy were treated without or with sodium hydrogen sulfide (NaHS), a H2S donor (30 µM), in drinking water for 8 weeks. Hhcy mice (CBS+/−) showed low levels of plasma H2S, elevated systolic blood pressure (SBP) and renal dysfunction. H2S treatment reduced SBP and improved renal function. Hhcy was associated with homocysteinylation of eNOS, reduced enzyme activity and upregulation of caveolin-1 expression. Further, Hhcy increased extracellular matrix (ECM) protein deposition and disruption of gap junction proteins, connexins. H2S treatment reversed the changes above and transfection of triple genes producing H2S (CBS, CSE and 3MST) showed reduction of vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation. We conclude that during Hhcy, homocysteinylation of eNOS and disruption of caveolin-mediated regulation leads to ECM remodeling and hypertension, and H2S treatment attenuates renovascular damage.
Assessment of Land-Use and Land-Cover Change in Guangxi, China
Authors: Hu Yunfeng , Batunacun  , Zhen Lin , Zhuang Dafang 
Published: February 2019

AbstractIt is increasingly acknowledged that land-use and land-cover change has become a key subject that urgently needs to be addressed in the study of global environmental change. In the present study, supported by the long-time-series of land-use and land-cover data from 1990, 2000, and 2017, we used the land-use transition matrix, Markov chain model and Moran’s I to derive detailed information of the spatial patterns and temporal variation of the land-use and land-cover change; additionally, we highlight the deforestation/afforestation conversion process during the period of 1990–2017. The results show that a total of 4708 km2 (i.e., 2.0% of the total area) changed in Guangxi from 1990 to 2017, while 418 km2 of woodland has been lost in this region. The woodland lost (deforestation) and woodland gained (afforestation) were collocated with intensive forest practices in the past 27 years. The conversions from woodland to cropland and from woodland to grassland were the dominant processes of deforestation and afforestation, respectively. Steep slope cropland was one of the major conversion patterns of afforestation after 2000. This result is mainly explained by the implementation of the “Grain for Green Program” policy and the large-scale development of eucalyptus plantations. Further efforts should be made to control deforestation in this area. These findings can also be used as a reference in the formulation and implementation of sustainable woodland management policies.
Opportunistic Entanglement Distribution for the Quantum Internet
Authors: Gyongyosi Laszlo , Imre Sandor 
Published: February 2019

AbstractQuantum entanglement is a building block of the entangled quantum networks of the quantum Internet. A fundamental problem of the quantum Internet is entanglement distribution. Since quantum entanglement will be fundamental to any future quantum networking scenarios, the distribution mechanism of quantum entanglement is a critical and emerging issue in quantum networks. Here we define the method of opportunistic entanglement distribution for the quantum Internet. The opportunistic model defines distribution sets that are aimed to select those quantum nodes for which the cost function picks up a local minimum. The cost function utilizes the error patterns of the local quantum memories and the predictability of the evolution of the entanglement fidelities. Our method provides efficient entanglement distributing with respect to the actual statuses of the local quantum memories of the node pairs. The model provides an easily-applicable, moderate-complexity solution for high-fidelity entanglement distribution in experimental quantum Internet scenarios.
Redox-regulation and life-history trade-offs: scavenging mitochondrial ROS improves growth in a wild bird
Authors: Velando Alberto , Noguera Jose C. , da Silva Alberto , Kim Sin-Yeon 
Published: February 2019

AbstractIt has been proposed that animals usually restrain their growth because fast growth leads to an increased production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS), which can damage mitochondrial DNA and promote mitochondrial dysfunction. Here, we explicitly test whether this occurs in a wild bird by supplementing chicks with a mitochondria-targeted ROS scavenger, mitoubiquinone (mitoQ), and examining growth rates and mtDNA damage. In the yellow-legged gull Larus michahellis, mitoQ supplementation increased the early growth rate of chicks but did not reduce mtDNA damage. The level of mtDNA damage was negatively correlated with chick mass, but this relationship was not affected by the mitoQ treatment. We also found that chick growth was positively correlated with both mtDNA copy number and the mitochondrial enzymatic activity of citrate synthase, suggesting a link between mitochondrial content and growth. Additionally, we found that MitoQ supplementation increased mitochondrial content (in males), altered the relationship between mtDNA copy number and damage, and downregulated some transcriptional pathways related to cell rejuvenation, suggesting that scavenging mtROS during development enhanced growth rates but at the expense of cellular turnover. Our study confirms the central role of mitochondria modulating life-history trade-offs during development by other mechanisms than mtROS-inflicted damage.
Ascorbic acid stimulates the in vitro myoblast proliferation and migration of pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus)
Authors: Duran Bruno Oliveira Silva , Góes Guilherme Alcarás , Zanella Bruna Tereza Thomazini , Freire Paula Paccielli , Valente Jessica Silvino , Salomão Rondinelle Artur Simões , Fernandes Ana , Mareco Edson Assunção , Carvalho Robson Francisco , Dal-Pai-Silva Maeli 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe postembryonic growth of skeletal muscle in teleost fish involves myoblast proliferation, migration and differentiation, encompassing the main events of embryonic myogenesis. Ascorbic acid plays important cellular and biochemical roles as an antioxidant and contributes to the proper collagen biosynthesis necessary for the structure of connective and bone tissues. However, whether ascorbic acid can directly influence the mechanisms of fish myogenesis and skeletal muscle growth remains unclear. The aim of our work was to evaluate the effects of ascorbic acid supplementation on the in vitro myoblast proliferation and migration of pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus). To provide insight into the potential antioxidant role of ascorbic acid, we also treated myoblasts in vitro with menadione, which is a powerful oxidant. Our results show that ascorbic acid-supplemented myoblasts exhibit increased proliferation and migration and are protected against the oxidative stress caused by menadione. In addition, ascorbic acid increased the activity of the antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase and the expression of myog and mtor, which are molecular markers related to skeletal muscle myogenesis and protein synthesis, respectively. This work reveals a direct influence of ascorbic acid on the mechanisms of pacu myogenesis and highlights the potential use of ascorbic acid for stimulating fish skeletal muscle growth.
Pronounced and reversible modulation of the piezoelectric coefficients by a low magnetic field in a magnetoelectric PZT-5%Fe3O4 system
Authors: Vertsioti G. , Zhang S. J. , Stamopoulos D. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractComposite magnetoelectric compounds that combine ferroelectricity/piezoelectricity and ferromagnetism/magnetostriction are investigated intensively for room-temperature applications. Here, we studied bulk composites of a magnetostrictive constituent, ferromagnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles, homogeneously embedded in a ferroelectric/piezoelectric matrix, Pb(Zr0.52Ti0.48)O3 (PZT). Specifically, we focused on PZT-5%Fe3O4 samples which are strongly insulating and thus sustain a relatively high out-of-plane external electric field, Eex,z. The in-plane strain-electric field curve (S(Eex,z)) was carefully recorded upon successive application and removal of an out-of-plane external magnetic field, Hex,z. The obtained S(Eex,z) data exhibited two main features. First, the respective in-plane piezoelectric coefficients, d(Eex,z) = 200–250 pm/V, show a dramatic decrease, 50–60%, upon application of a relatively low Hex,z = 1 kOe. Second, the process is completely reversible since the initial value of d(Eex,z) is recovered upon removal of Hex,z. Polarization data, P(Eex,z), evidenced that the Fe3O4 nanoparticles introduced static structural disorder that made PZT harder. Taken together, these results prove that the Fe3O4 nanoparticles, except for static structural disorder, introduce reconfigurable magnetic disorder that modifies the in-plane S(Eex,z) curve and the accompanying d(Eex,z) of PZT when an external magnetic field is applied at will. The room-temperature feasibility of these findings renders the PZT-x%Fe3O4 system a solid basis for the development of magnetic-field-controlled PE devices.
First Detection of DS-1-like G1P[8] Double-gene Reassortant Rotavirus Strains on The American Continent, Brazil, 2013
Authors: Luchs Adriana , da Costa Antonio Charlys , Cilli Audrey , Komninakis Shirley Cavalcante Vasconcelos , Carmona Rita de Cássia Compagnoli , Morillo Simone Guadagnucci , Sabino Ester Cerdeira , Timenetsky Maria do Carmo Sampaio Tavares 
Published: February 2019

AbstractEmergence of DS-1-like-G1P[8] rotavirus in Asia have been recently reported. We report for the first time the detection and the whole genome phylogenetic analysis of DS-1-like-G1P[8] strains in America. From 2013 to 2017, a total of 4226 fecal samples were screened for rotavirus by ELISA, PAGE, RT-PCR and sequencing. G1P[8] represented 3.7% (30/800) of all rotavirus-positive samples. DS-1-like-G1P[8] comprised 1.6% (13/800) detected exclusively in 2013, and Wa-like-G1P[8] comprised 2.1% (17/800) detected from 2013 to 2015. Whole genome sequencing confirmed the DS-1-like backbone I2-R2-C2-M2-A2-N2-T2-E2-H2. All genome segments of the Brazilian DS-1-like-G1P[8] strains clustered with those of Asian strains, and apart from African DS-1-like-G1P[8] strains. In addition, Brazilian DS-1-like-G1P[8] reassortants distantly clustered with DS-1-like backbone strains simultaneously circulating in the country, suggesting that the Brazilian DS-1-like-G1P[8] strains are likely imported from Asia. Two distinct NSP4 E2 genotype lineages were also identified, indicating the existence of a co-circulating pool of different DS-1-like G1P[8] strains. Surveillance systems must be developed to examine if RVA vaccines are still effective for the prevention against unusual DS-1-like-G1P[8] strains.
Increased temperatures and elevated CO2 levels reduce the sensitivity of Conyza canadensis and Chenopodium album to glyphosate
Authors: Matzrafi Maor , Brunharo Caio , Tehranchian Parsa , Hanson Bradley D. , Jasieniuk Marie 
Published: February 2019

AbstractHerbicides are the most commonly used means of controlling weeds. Recently, there has been growing concern over the potential impacts of global climate change, specifically, increasing temperatures and elevated carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations, on the sensitivity of weeds to herbicides. Here, glyphosate response of both Conyza canadensis and Chenopodium album was evaluated under different environmental conditions. Reduced glyphosate sensitivity was observed in both species in response to increased temperature, elevated CO2 level, and the combination of both factors. Increased temperature had greater effect on plant survival than elevated CO2 level. In combination, high temperature and elevated CO2 level resulted in loss of apical dominance and rapid necrosis in glyphosate-treated plants. To investigate the mechanistic basis of reduced glyphosate sensitivity, translocation was examined using 14C-glyphosate. In plants that were subjected to high temperatures and elevated CO2 level, glyphosate was more rapidly translocated out of the treated leaf to shoot meristems and roots than in plants grown under control conditions. These results suggest that altered glyphosate translocation and tissue-specific sequestration may be the basis of reduced plant sensitivity. Therefore, overreliance on glyphosate for weed control under changing climatic conditions may result in more weed control failures.
Changes of temporomandibular joint position after surgery first orthognathic treatment concept
Authors: Holzinger Daniel , Willinger Katrin , Millesi Gabriele , Schicho Kurt , Breuss Elisabeth , Wagner Florian , Seemann Rudolf 
Published: February 2019

AbstractOrthognathic surgery treatment (OGS) after orthodontic treatment of dentofacial deformities is a widely performed procedure, often accompanied by a bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (BSSO). Positioning of the condyle during this procedure is a crucial step for achieving optimal functional and anatomical results. Intraoperatively poorly positioned condyles can have a negative effect on the postoperative result and the patient’s well-being. Changes of the condylar position during OGS Procedures and its effects on the temporomandibular joint in orthognathic surgical interventions (OGS) are subject of scientific discussions. However, up to date, no study has investigated the role of condyle position in the surgery first treatment concept. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of OGS on the three-dimensional position of the condyle in the joint in a surgery first treatment concept without positioning device and to record the change in position quantitatively and qualitatively. Analysis of our data indicated that OGS in surgery first treatment concept has no significant effect on the position of the condyle and the anatomy of the temporomandibular joint.
The Endobiota Study: Comparison of Vaginal, Cervical and Gut Microbiota Between Women with Stage 3/4 Endometriosis and Healthy Controls
Authors: Ata Baris , Yildiz Sule , Turkgeldi Engin , Brocal Vicente Pérez , Dinleyici Ener Cagri , Moya Andrés , Urman Bulent 
Published: February 2019

AbstractDysbiosis in the genital tract or gut microbiome can be associated with endometriosis. We sampled vaginal, cervical and gut microbiota from 14 women with histology proven stage 3/4 endometriosis and 14 healthy controls. The V3 and V4 regions of the 16S rRNA gene were amplified following the 16S Metagenomic Sequencing Library Preparation. Despite overall similar vaginal, cervical and intestinal microbiota composition between stage 3/4 endometriosis group and controls, we observed differences at genus level. The complete absence of Atopobium in the vaginal and cervical microbiota of the stage 3/4 endometriosis group was noteworthy. In the cervical microbiota, Gardnerella, Streptococcus, Escherichia, Shigella, and Ureoplasma, all of which contain potentially pathogenic species, were increased in stage 3/4 endometriosis. More women in the stage 3/4 endometriosis group had Shigella/Escherichia dominant stool microbiome. Further studies can clarify whether the association is causal, and whether dysbiosis leads to endometriosis or endometriosis leads to dysbiosis.
Membrane charge and lipid packing determine polymyxin-induced membrane damage
Authors: Khondker Adree , Dhaliwal Alexander K. , Saem Sokunthearath , Mahmood Ahmad , Fradin Cécile , Moran-Mirabal Jose , Rheinstädter Maikel C. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractWith the advent of polymyxin B (PmB) resistance in bacteria, the mechanisms for mcr-1 resistance are of crucial importance in the design of novel therapeutics. The mcr-1 phenotype is known to decrease membrane charge and increase membrane packing by modification of the bacterial outer membrane. We used X-ray diffraction, Molecular Dynamics simulations, electrochemistry, and leakage assays to determine the location of PmB in different membranes and assess membrane damage. By varying membrane charge and lipid tail packing independently, we show that increasing membrane surface charge promotes penetration of PmB and membrane damage, whereas increasing lipid packing decreases penetration and damage. The penetration of the PmB molecules is well described by a phenomenological model that relates an attractive electrostatic and a repulsive force opposing insertion due to increased membrane packing. The model applies well to several gram-negative bacterial strains and may be used to predict resistance strength.