bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Care of late intrauterine fetal death and stillbirth
Authors: Burden Christy , Merriel Abi , Bakhbakhi Danya , Heazell Alexander , Siassakos Dimitrios ,   the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
Published: October 2024

Key recommendations

A combination of mifepristone and a prostaglandin preparation should usually be recommended as the first‐line intervention for induction of labour (Grade B).

A single 200 milligram dose of mifepristone is appropriate for this indication, followed by:

24+0–24+6 weeks of gestation – 400 micrograms buccal/sublingual/vaginal/oral of misoprostol every 3 hours;
25+0–27+6 weeks of gestation – 200 micrograms buccal/sublingual/vaginal/oral of misoprostol every 4 hours;
from 28+0 weeks of gestation – 25–50 micrograms vaginal every 4 hours, or 50–100 micrograms oral every 2 hours [Grade C].

There is insufficient evidence available to recommend a specific regimen of misoprostol for use at more than 28+0 weeks of gestation in women who have had a previous caesarean birth or transmural uterine scar [Grade D].

Women with more than two lower segment caesarean births or atypical scars should be advised that the safety of induction of labour is unknown [Grade D].

Staff should be educated in discussing mode of birth with bereaved parents. Vaginal birth is recommended for most women, but caesarean birth will need to be considered for some [Grade D].

A detailed informed discussion should be undertaken with parents of both physical and psychological aspects of a vaginal birth versus a caesarean birth [Grade C].

Parents should be cared for in an environment that provides adequate safety according to individual clinical circumstance, while meeting their needs to grieve and feel supported in doing so (GPP).

Clinical and laboratory tests should be recommended to assess maternal wellbeing (including coagulopathy) and to determine the cause of fetal death, the chance of recurrence and possible means of avoiding future pregnancy complications [Grade D].

Parents should be advised that with full investigation (including postmortem and placental histology) a possible or probable cause can be found in up to three‐quarters of late intrauterine fetal deaths [Grade B].

All parents should be offered cytogenetic testing of their baby, which should be performed after written consent is given (GPP).

Parents should be advised that postmortem examination can provide information that can sometimes be crucial to the management of future pregnancy [Grade B].
Overlapping markets and quality competition among community health centers
Authors: Li Kun , Dor Avi 
Published: October 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the response of community health center (CHC) quality to quality levels at neighboring CHCs in the presence of non‐price competition.Data Setting and DesignA quasi‐experimental study of US community health centers. Outcome variables were indices that measured overall quality of CHC care. Using patient flow data, we constructed CHC‐specific Hirschman–Herfindahl index (HHI) and competitors' composite quality measure. The plausibly exogenous change in characteristics of “competitors' competitors” was exploited to identify the relationship between competition and quality of care, using a generalized two‐stage least square model with instrumental variables.Data Sources and Analytic SampleUsing the Health Center Program Uniform Data System (2014–2018), linked with American Community Survey and Medical Expenditure Panel Survey, we analyzed 1098 unique federally funded CHCs in 50 states and District of Columbia which had at least one neighboring CHC and had non‐missing data for 2015–2018 (4226 CHC‐years).Principal FindingsMost of CHCs served populations in overlapping geographic markets, with median market concentration decreasing during the study period. A one‐percent increase in competitors' quality was associated with a 0.71‐percent increase in an index CHC's composite quality (p < 0.01), consisting of a 0.59‐percent increase in chronic condition control rates (p < 0.01); a 0.68‐percent increase in the screening and assessment rates (p < 0.01); and a 0.78‐percent increase in medication management rates (p < 0.01). The association was stronger at CHCs serving a smaller proportion of uninsured patients. No significant quality reaction was observed at CHCs with a percentage of uninsured patients larger than the 75th percentile. We observed no significant associations between HHI and quality.ConclusionsIncreasing competition does not harm quality of care at CHCs. A CHC appears to improve its quality if its competitors improved quality. The beneficial quality effect was less pronounced in CHCs providing a significant proportion of care to uninsured patients, suggesting lack of incentives faced by these CHCs.
Surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy substrates for monitoring antibiotics in dairy products: Mechanisms, advances, and prospects
Authors: Jiang Wenshan , Wang Qinzhi , Chang Kuan , Zhao Yijian 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAntibiotic residues in dairy products have become an undeniable threat to human health. Surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) has been widely used in efficiently detecting antibiotics because of its characteristics including fast response, high resolution, and strong resistance to moisture interference. However, as a core part of SERS technology, the design principle and detection performance of enhanced substrates used in monitoring antibiotics in dairy products have not yet received enough attention. Thus, it is necessary to give a critical review of the recent developments of SERS substrates for monitoring antibiotics in dairy products, which can be expected to provide inspiration for the efficient utilization of SERS technology. In this work, advances in various SERS substrates applied in sensing antibiotics in dairy products were comprehensively reviewed. First, the enhancement mechanisms were introduced in detail. Significantly, the types of enhanced materials (plasmonic metal particles [PMPs], PMPs/semiconductor composite materials) and biometric design strategies including immunoassay, aptamer, and molecularly imprinted polymers‐based SERS biosensors applied in dairy products were systematically summarized for the first time. Meanwhile, the performance of SERS substrates used for the detection of antibiotics in dairy products was addressed from the aspects of dynamic linear range and detection restriction strategy. Finally, the conclusions, challenges, and future prospects of SERS substrates for antibiotic monitoring in dairy products were deeply discussed, which also provide new opinions and key points for constructing SERS substrates applied in complex food matrix in the future.
Influence of Magmatic Intrusion on Abnormal Hydrocarbon Generation and Expulsion of Source Rock: A Case Study of the Dongying Sag, Bohai Bay Basin
Authors: LI Chuanming , ZENG Jianhui , WANG Maoyun , LONG Hui , LIU Shuning 
Published: October 2024

AbstractHow gabbro affects the generation and expulsion of hydrocarbons in muddy surrounding rocks is clarified by analyzing thin section, major and trace elements, total organic carbon (TOC), pyrolysis, extracts and vitrinite reflectance data from source rocks in the Chunxi area the Dongying Sag, Bohai Bay Basin, eastern China. The results show that a magma intrusion brings copious heat to the source rocks, which promotes abnormal maturation of organic matter (OM) and rapid hydrocarbon generation. The CH4 and H2 produced by gabbro alteration play a role in hydrocarbon generation of source rocks. The hydrothermal process during magma intrusion provides many different minerals to the source rock, resulting in carbonate‐rich surrounding mudstone. The carbonate and clay minerals produced by volcanic mineral alteration jointly catalyze the hydrocarbon generation of the source rock. The high‐temperature baking of the intrusion results in hydrothermal pressurization and hydrocarbon generation pressurization, causing many fractures in the surrounding rock. The generated oil and gas are discharged through the fractures under diffusion and pressure. Mantle‐derived CO2 is also conducive to the expulsion of hydrocarbons because of its strong enrichment capacity for hydrocarbons.
Occurrence of Mafic Rocks within Ediacaran Strata in the Aksu Region, NW Tarim Craton, and its Geological Implications
Authors: XIE Hongzhe , ZHU Xiangkun , WANG Xun , HE Yuan , SHEN Weibing 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe Tarim Craton is an ancient Precambrian continental block, and detailed knowledge of its thermo‐tectonic history is crucial for understanding the early history of continental evolution. Abundant layered mafic rocks, which have commonly been regarded as basalts, occur within the Ediacaran Sugetbrak Formation (Fm.) in the Aksu region of the northwestern Tarim Craton. Clear intrusive features have now been discovered, including mafic rocks truncating Ediacaran sedimentary layers, exhibiting an intrusion‐baked margin where they interact with both the overlying and bottom wall rocks, and displaying a fine‐grained transition zone from their interior to their margins. The new findings demonstrate that these mafic rocks within the Aksu Ediacaran strata were not erupted basalts but instead are intrusive diabase dykes. Therefore, these mafic rocks cannot be used to constrain the timing of the Sugetbrak Fm. in the Aksu area, nor as marker layers for regional stratigraphic correlation. Furthermore, the Ediacaran thermo‐tectonic evolution in this region, deduced from the assumption that the mafic rocks are lavas, needs to be revised.
Voluntary disclosure of verifiable information with general preferences and information endowment uncertainty
Authors: Hummel Patrick , Morgan John , Stocken Phillip C. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWe study a voluntary disclosure model with verifiable information, a range of sender and receiver preferences, and uncertainty about whether the sender is informed. When a sender's preferences are insensitive to the state relative to the receiver's, a sender discloses moderate news and suppresses extreme news. We also find a partial revelation equilibrium where the sender's message is an interval containing the realized state. When a sender's preferences are sensitive to the state relative to the receiver's, the sender withholds moderate news and discloses extreme news. The latter disclosure is more consistent with extant empirical findings about voluntary managerial disclosure.
Social sustainability: Viability analysis of social firms
Authors: Segovia‐Vargas María Jesús , Camacho‐Miñano María del Mar , Gelashvili Vera 
Published: October 2024

AbstractSocial enterprises are firms that actively create jobs for people with disabilities and reduce social and labour inequalities, thereby participating in the social economy. Due to their importance to society and the work they do towards diversity integration and social sustainability, they have recently attracted much attention in academic literature. For this reason, the main objective of this study was to analyse the survival of social enterprises, identifying key variables that condition their continuity in the market or their failure. The initial sample consisted of 999 social enterprises for the year 2022. The Altman Z‐score and artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms were used to obtain the basic survival patterns. The main findings were that, on average, social enterprises are highly experienced companies and only one‐third of them are at risk of bankruptcy. This means that most of these enterprises can continue their social function. Moreover, the results of return on assets (ROA), equity and debt turnover can predict being at risk of bankruptcy of social enterprises. This study contributes to the scarce academic literature on social enterprises and promotes the existence of such enterprises for social and economic sustainability.
BATS: Bat‐aggregated time series—A python‐based toolkit for landscape‐level monitoring of free‐tailed bats via weather radar
Authors: Lee Brian , Rich Alex , Diehl Robert H. , Larsen Ashley 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

The US operates a system of 160 S‐band Doppler weather radars known as NEXRAD (NEXt generation weather RADar) that continuously monitors the airspace around the majority of the United States and outlying territories. These radars detect and track birds, insects, and bats. Free‐tailed bats (Genus Tadarida) provide considerable ecosystem services through their voracious insect consumption; but their movements and ecosystem service provision have historically been difficult to track/study in space and time.

We introduce ‘BATS’, a Python toolkit that streamlines the process of downloading, classifying, and aggregating time series of free‐tailed bats across large landscapes. BATS retrieves data from NOAA's weather radar data repositories and classifies the processed radar data using a pre‐trained ML trained to detect and classify radar echoes associated with free‐tailed bats.

We trained various machine learning approaches at classifying pixels containing free‐tailed bats and compared the effectiveness across approaches. With an AUC of 0.963, the neural network approach is highly effective in identifying free‐tailed bats in NEXRAD data over our study sites in California and Texas. Furthermore, BATS is capable of quickly distilling 6 months of radar data from a single tower (3.5 Tb) into a single 15 Mb‐sized map of bat occurrence, contingent on available computing resources.

BATS will help scientists and stakeholders identify areas of high bat occupancy at the landscape level over long periods of time. This ability has the potential to increase our understanding of the economic and agricultural value of these species.
Knowledge shortfalls on amphibian diets in Colombia: Future trends and challenges
Authors: López‐Bedoya Pablo A. , Gutiérrez‐Cárdenas Paul David Alfonso , Cardona‐Galvis Erika Alejandra , Edwards Felicity A. , Edwards David P. , Blanco‐Torres Argelina , Urbina‐Cardona J. Nicolás 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAmphibians are increasingly threatened, leading to growing concern about their key role in natural ecosystems globally as predators and essential consumers in food webs. Effective conservation plans are linked to up‐to‐date distributional and ecological information, but dietary knowledge is often underrepresented. This information is essential for understanding ecological requirements, changes in the species and populations, impacts of habitat modification, and developing conservation strategies. Here, we present the current knowledge on amphibian diets in Colombia, to determine (a) the number of species studied and their distribution across families and genera; (b) the temporal and regional patterns in number of articles on amphibian diets; and (c) the trends in topics studied associated with amphibian diets; and to offer (d) a qualitative description of amphibian diets and the methods used for stomach contents collection. We found 70 published studies on the diet of Colombian amphibians between the years 1914 and 2022, including 100 species (11.6% of Colombian species). The Andean region is the best represented, and the Amazon and Orinoco the least. The topics most frequently studied were prey items consumed and ontogeny, followed by systematics and taxonomy, and land‐use change impacts. Forty‐one prey items were consumed, where Coleoptera and Hymenoptera were the most common prey items. While the development of information on amphibian diets has recently increased, knowledge remains limited, with a significant information gap for many Colombian species in different regions. Conducting studies in little‐explored areas of the country, especially the Amazon, Orinoco, and Pacific regions, should have high priority. Investigations should be focused on Caudata and Gymnophiona, plus the anurans of the Hemiphractidae and Pipidae families that do not have diet records in Colombia. Indeed, we evidence the necessity to perform trophic network analysis to understand better the energy flow between species and the associated spatial, temporal, or functional trait changes.
How large felids of South America are influenced by environmental and anthropogenic variables in the most degraded portion of the Amazon
Authors: Carvalho André das Neves , Wiig Øystein , de Oliveira Geovana Linhares , Celeste Halicia , Sena Leonardo , Morato Ronaldo Gonçalves , de Ferraz Katia Maria Paschoaletto Micchi Barros , Mendes‐Oliveira Ana Cristina 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWe evaluated the most relevant natural and anthropogenic factors for the occurrence and co‐occurrence of jaguars (Panthera onca) and pumas (Puma concolor) in the eastern Amazon, the most degraded portion of this tropical rainforest in Brazil. We found that in a context of high human pressure, a more significant amount of primary forest and more significant annual rainfall most positively influence the occurrence of jaguars. In contrast, pumas are negatively influenced by proximity to roads and positively by slope. Additionally, the presence of primary forest areas and high annual rainfall also favour the co‐occurrence of jaguars and pumas in the same areas. In contrast, open areas more related to anthropogenic zones disfavour the co‐occurrence of these two species in this degraded portion of the Amazon. Our results support landscape management for conserving big cat species in the Amazon and reinforce the importance of forest conservation for maintaining big cats in altered landscapes. Although these animals occur in open habitats, in the Amazon, these species are dependent on primary forests, as they are better‐structured habitats that maintain the capacity to support prey and shelter.
Patient‐reported outcomes, postoperative pain and pain relief after day case surgery (POPPY): methodology for a prospective, multicentre observational study*
Authors: Hare William M. , Belete Martha , Brayne Adam B. , Daykin Harriet , Everson Matthew , Ratcliffe Anna , Samuel Katie , Sorrell Lexy , Rockett Mark 
Published: October 2024

SummaryBackgroundIn the UK, approximately 70% of surgical procedures are undertaken as day‐cases. Little information exists about recovery from day‐case surgery, yet international data highlights patients are at risk of developing significant longer‐term health problems including chronic post‐surgical pain and persistent postoperative opioid use. The Patient‐reported Outcomes, Postoperative Pain and pain relief after daY case surgery (POPPY) study was a national prospective multicentre observational study, measuring short‐ and longer‐term patient‐reported outcomes, postoperative pain and pain relief after day‐case surgery.MethodsThis was a collaborative project led by resident anaesthetists under the Research and Audit Federation of Trainees umbrella. Adult day‐case surgical patients were recruited on the day of surgery. Baseline data including patient characteristics; procedure details; pre‐operative analgesic use; pre‐existing pain; and quality of life scores were recorded. Patients were followed up through automated short message service messages. Short‐term (postoperative days 1, 3 and 7) outcomes included: quality of recovery; pain severity; impact of pain on function; and analgesic use. Longer‐term outcomes (postoperative day 97) included: quality of life; analgesic use; incidence of chronic post‐surgical pain; and incidence persistent postoperative opioid use. Additional outcomes were completed by those patients with chronic post‐surgical pain and persistent postoperative opioid use, with 30 patients recruited to a qualitative semi‐structured interview study exploring postoperative expectations, recovery, postoperative pain and opioid use.ResultsAn embedded pilot study at four sites recruited 129 patients. Responses to the automated short message service were gained from 129 patients (100%) at day 1; 116 (89.9%) at day 3; 108 (83.7%) at day 7; and 77 (59.7%) at day 97 postoperatively. The pilot enabled refinement of the methods and processes before the national roll out.ConclusionThis paper outlines the methods for the POPPY study, the largest UK multicentre prospective observational study considering short‐ and longer‐term outcomes following day‐case surgery.
Evaluation of the Effectiveness and Safety of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Treatment in Fistulising Crohn's Disease: An International Real‐Life Retrospective Multicentre Cohort Study
Authors: Bacsur Péter , Shaham Daniel , Serclova Zuzana , Resál Tamás , Farkas Bernadett , Sarlós Patrícia , Miheller Pál , Maharshak Nitsan , Zemel Meir , Shitrit Ariella Bar‐Gil , Yellinek Shlomo , Bálint Anita , Fábián Anna , Bor Renáta , Bősze Zsófia , Ivány Emese , Szepes Zoltán , Farkas Klaudia , Tóth Illés , Lázár György , Vlkova Katerina , Tremerova Aneta , Zuskova Petra , Ábrahám Szabolcs , Molnár Tamás 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundPerianal fistulas of Crohn's disease (CD) create a significant burden on patients' lives. However, the efficacy and safety of adipose‐derived mesenchymal stem cell treatment are contradicting, and real‐world evidence is lacking.AimsTo examine the usability of darvadstrocel therapy in managing perianal CD.MethodsWe enrolled patients with CD and perianal fistulas in this retrospective multicenter study. The primary outcome was perianal clinical remission (defined as all treated fistulas closed) at weeks 26 and 52. Secondary outcomes were clinical response rates (≥ 1 fistulas closed), perianal activity (PDAI), patient satisfaction, and adverse events. Data were recorded at baseline and weeks 12, 26 and 52. Prediction of primary outcomes was performed by logistic regression.ResultsOverall, among 223 patients (male/female ratio: 0.48), perianal clinical remission was achieved in 78.2% and 62.3% until weeks 26 and 52. Baseline PDAI score (OR 0.75), number of fistulas (OR 0.28) and the number of weeks after preparation for surgery (OR 0.98) were associated with treatment failure. The clinical response rates were 84.8% and 79.8% at weeks 26 and 52. Improvement of subjective perianal symptoms was achieved in 77.8% and 78.4% of patients, respectively. Adverse events occurred in 13.5% of patients; perianal abscesses and proctalgia were the most frequently reported.ConclusionEffectiveness data were higher than in clinical trials. The safety profile was reassuring, and patients' satisfaction was high. Appropriate patient selection, fistula preparation and expertise may help to achieve treatment success.
Design and Synthesis of 1,4‐Diformyl‐Piperazine Ferrostatin‐1 Derivatives as Novel Ferroptosis Inhibitors
Authors: Zhang Yi‐Fan , Guo Wei , Zheng Hui , Zhang Nai‐Yu , Ji Hua‐Long , Meng Ning , Zhang Juan , Jiang Cheng‐Shi 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThe present study focuses on the design and synthesis of novel 1,4‐diformyl‐piperazine‐based ferrostatin‐1 (Fer‐1) derivatives, and their evaluation against ferroptosis activity. The synthesized compounds demonstrated significant anti‐ferroptosis activity in human umbilical vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs), with Compound 24 showing the highest potency. Mechanistic studies revealed that Compound 24 effectively reduced intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, mitigated mitochondrial damage, and enhanced glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) expression. Additionally, Compound 24 exhibited improved solubility and plasma stability compared to control compounds, Fer‐1 and JHL‐12. These findings suggest that 1,4‐diformyl‐piperazine‐based Fer‐1 derivatives hold promise as therapeutic agents for ferroptosis‐associated cardiovascular diseases.