bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Retrospective Descriptive Study of Nurses With Substance Use Disorders in Texas
Authors: Mumba Mercy N. , Baxley Susan M. , Snow Diane E. , Cipher Daisha J. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
There are approximately 3.1 million nurses in the Unites States (U.S. Census Bureau, 2016), and approximately 8% of them experience substance use disorders (Kunyk, 2015). Nurses with impaired practice are referred to peer assistance programs as they seek rehabilitation. As of 2016, 348 nurses in Texas Peer Assistance Program for Nurses were actively participating in the program for substance-abuse-related offenses. Over the last 6 years (2010–2016), 1,553 nurses were referred to Texas Peer Assistance Program for Nurses specifically for substance-abuse-related problems. These represent 2% of the population of nurses in Texas. The average age of participants was 40.1 years. Women represented 75% of participants, and 76% were registered nurses. About 41% successfully completed the program without relapsing, and 32% reported at least one relapse. Varieties of drugs were abused including prescription drugs and illegal drugs. Opioids were the most frequently abused class of drugs, followed by alcohol and stimulants. Most nurses obtained their drugs by diverting from patients. Contrary to what is in the literature, nurses working in long-term care, medical–surgical units, and home health care had the highest prevalence of impaired practice. Psychiatric comorbidity was not significantly associated with relapse, but self-report status was significantly associated with gender, age category, license type, relapse, and drug of choice. There was a significant inverse relationship between time it takes to enroll and number of abstinent days. Men were also more likely to be employed while in the program.
Perceptions of Persons Who Inject Drugs About Nursing Care They Have Received
Authors: Dion Kimberly 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The experience and meaning attributed to care by nurses and received by nine persons who inject drugs during a healthcare encounter in the acute care medical setting was examined. A descriptive case study approach using an interpersonal nursing model served as the theoretic framework. Four overarching themes were discovered: marginalization, defensiveness, repeated victimization, and understanding addiction. Findings suggest that role support, application of an interpersonal nursing theory, and implementations of addiction-trained healthcare teams were missing from the hospital experience of persons who inject drugs. However, when the nurse connected with the patient who injects drugs on an interpersonal level, positive outcomes followed.
Prison Nurses' Professional Identity
Authors: Goddard Donna , de Vries Kay , McIntosh Tania , Theodosius Catherine 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACT
In the United Kingdom, health and justice services nurses are a diverse group working across a range of contexts and settings such as police custody, sexual assault referral centers, young offenders' institutes, and prisons and probation. Recruitment and retention to the specialist field of health and justice services nursing, specifically prison nursing, is problematic in the United Kingdom. In this article, we consider the background to the current situation in prison nursing and summarize some of the existing literature and research relating to this specialty to raise, for discussion and debate, issues that are pertinent to the concept of professional identity and professionalism. Role definition, resilience and burnout, and education within prison nursing are identified in relation to the development of professional identity. It could be that professional identity is the missing link to recruitment and retention.
Tracheal Size and Morphology on the Reconstructed CT Imaging*
Authors: Mizuguchi Soichi , Motomura Yoshitomo , Maki Jun , Baba Rieko , Ichimiya Yuko , Tokuda Kentaro , Kaku Noriyuki , Takada Hidetoshi , Maehara Yoshihiko , Ohga Shouichi 
Published: June 2019

Objectives:
To characterize the real size and morphology of tracheas in childhood for the optimal selection of endotracheal tube.

Design:
A retrospective cohort study of pediatric patients who received CT scan of the cervical spine from July 2011 to March 2018. Cross-sectional CT images vertical to trachea were reconstructed and the accurate tracheal diameters were measured. The validity of the traditional age-based formula for predicting the endotracheal tube size was assessed for the best fit to trachea.

Setting:
Tertiary Emergency and Critical Care Center of Kyushu University Hospital.

Patients:
Children, who are 1 month to 15 years old, received CT scan of the cervical spine.

Interventions:
None.

Measurements and Main Results:
We enrolled 86 children with median age of 53 months. The cross-sectional shape of pediatric trachea was circular at the cricoid level and elliptical at the infraglottic level. The narrowest part of pediatric trachea was the transverse diameter at the infraglottic level at any age. Significant positive correlation between age and the narrowest diameter was observed. When compared the transverse diameter at the infraglottic level with the outer diameter of endotracheal tubes, uncuffed endotracheal tubes selection based on the traditional age-based formula ran a significant risk of oversized endotracheal intubation until 10 years old compared with cuffed endotracheal tubes selection (60.0% vs 23.8%; p < 0.05).

Conclusions:
These findings indicate the safety and efficacy of cuffed endotracheal tubes in infants and children and the reconsideration for the airway management in pediatric anesthesia and intensive care.
Postoperative Imaging After Lobectomy: Predicting the Displacement and Change in Orientation of Nonresected Lung Nodules
Authors: Digumarthy Subba R. , Shukla Priya K. , Mendoza Dexter P. , Guo Lancia , Chretien Yves R. , Shepard Jo-Anne O. , Kalra Mannudeep K. 
Published: June 2019

Objectives
The objective of this study was to determine the effect of a lobectomy to the location and orientation of nonresected lung nodule and its corresponding airway.

Methods
We reviewed preoperative and postoperative computed tomography of patients who underwent lobectomies and have a separate nonresected nodule in the ipsilateral lung. Displacement of the nonresected nodule and angulation of its corresponding segmental bronchus were measured.

Results
Fifty nodules from 40 patients (30 females, 10 male; mean ± SD age, 67 ± 7 years) were assessed. Nodules are displaced clockwise after right upper, right middle, and left lower lobectomies and counterclockwise after right lower and left upper lobectomies. Displacement of the remaining nodules was greater in the craniocaudal plane, followed by anteroposterior and transverses planes (mean, 3.7, 2.5, and 1.9 cm, respectively).

Conclusions
Remaining ipsilateral nodules and their associated segmental airways are displaced in a predictable fashion after lobectomy. This may help in the assessment of follow-up imaging.
Artifact Reduction in the Diagnosis of Vasospasm in Computed Tomographic Perfusion: Potential of Iterative Metal Artifact Reduction
Authors: Hauser Till-Karsten , Oergel Anja , Hurth Helene , Ernemann Ulrike , Seeger Achim 
Published: June 2019

Objective
This study aimed to analyze the possibility of artifact reduction using a new iterative metal artifact reduction algorithm (iMAR) in the diagnosis of perfusion deficits due to vasospasms and to evaluate its clinical relevance.

Methods
Sixty-one volume perfusion computed tomographies of 24 patients after coiling or aneurysm clipping were reconstructed using standard-filtered back-projection and iMAR retrospectively. The degree of artifacts was evaluated as well as the size of the nonevaluable area. Diagnostic performance was evaluated compared with digital subtraction angiography.

Results
Artifacts were present in 39 of 61 volume perfusion computed tomography examinations. Image quality (score, 1.0 vs 1.6; P < 0.01) was higher and the size of the signal loss was reduced significantly by iMAR (intracranial metal artifacts, 887 mm2 vs 359 mm2 [P < 0.01]; cranial bolt, 3008 mm2 vs 837 mm2 [P < 0.01]). Digital subtraction angiography confirmed vasospasms in 11 (92%) of 12 patients.

Conclusion
The iMAR yields higher image quality by reducing artifacts compared with filtered back-projection.
Development of a Standardized Grading Scale for Atherosclerotic Disease of the Head and Neck
Authors: Bonfante Eliana , Calle Susana , Solomon Natalia , Jagolino Amanda , Cai Chunyan , Arevalo-Espejo Octavio , Riascos Roy , Sitton Clark 
Published: June 2019

Objective
For research and risk factor analysis, a reproducible method quantifying atherosclerosis is necessary. Our aim was to develop a computed tomography (CT) angiography grading system to quantify atherosclerotic disease of the head and neck.

Methods
Institutional review board–approved, retrospective analysis was performed on 152 patients who underwent head/neck CT angiography. A grading scale was designed to calculate plaque burden at multiple sites with the sum referred to as atherosclerosis score. Three radiologists calculated scores with an overlap of cases to calculate the intraclass correlation coefficient.

Results
Without any prior training, the intraclass correlation coefficient between readers was considered fair. After a short tutorial, intraclass correlation coefficient was recalculated using separate patients, showing excellent correlation.
Statistically significant positive correlation was found between atherosclerosis scale and age, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and diabetes, but no correlation with sex or smoking status.

Conclusions
A simple, visual grading scale for atherosclerosis in head/neck CT angiography was used to standardize reporting and better characterize a patient's risk of stroke.
Abnormal Neural Activity in Children With Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma Had Manifested Deficit in Behavioral Inhibition: A Resting-State Functional MRI Study
Authors: Cheng Xu , Gao Pei-Yi 
Published: June 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to investigate whether alterations of regional neural function in children with diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) had manifested deficit in behavioral inhibition using resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI).

Methods
There were 17 participants with DIPG who took part in the study. Eight children were with deficit in behavioral inhibition, whereas the other 9 children did not obtain deficit in behavioral inhibition. Five healthy children with age, sex, and education matched to the study group also participated as the control group. These 3 groups underwent rs-fMRI, and the results were then converted to amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) data. Amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation data were further analyzed by single-factor analysis of variance comparing among 3 groups based on the whole brain levels. Amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation results were subjected to t test of voxel-wised comparison to derive the rs-fMRI brain function differences between the 2 DIPG groups. The Pearson correlation between ALFF values of abnormal regions found in 3 groups and the scores obtained according to the Child Behavior Checklist were analyzed.

Results
The 3 groups had shown significant differences in terms of the ALFF results, with the ALFF increased in several brain regions (P < 0.05, corrected with AlphaSim, clusters >59 voxels), which include left supramarginal gyrus, left dorsolateral superior frontal gyrus, right precentral gyrus, and right middle frontal gyrus. Participants with deficit in behavioral inhibition had shown significant differences (ALFF decreased) in several brain regions, including left dorsolateral superior frontal gyrus and right fusiform gyrus (P < 0.05, corrected with AlphaSim, clusters >123 voxels), whereas other brain regions had shown ALFF increased, including left supramarginal gyrus, left middle frontal gyrus, and right medial superior frontal gyrus (P < 0.05, corrected with AlphaSim, clusters >123 voxels). There was no significant correlation between ALFF values and Child Behavior Checklist scores (P > 0.05).

Conclusions
These findings of focal spontaneous hyperfunction and hypofunction, which correlate with deficit in behavioral inhibition processing, and the abnormal brain regions are considered to be inefficient (in regions of the brain that may relate to compensatory brain and behavioral functioning, and it may be that the brain region needs to exert extra energy to perform a task to the same degree as the control group) or inability (inability in a certain region, or underpowered), pointing to a pathophysiologic process in executive dysfunction.
18F-Fluorocholine Uptake by a Head and Neck Meningeal Inflammatory Pseudotumor
Authors: Savelli Giordano , Morassi Mauro , Cobelli Milena , Stefanelli Antonella , Zaniboni Alberto 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

18F-Fluoro-ethyl-choline (18F-FCH) PET/CT is widely used to study patients affected by prostate cancer. However, 18F-FCH may be taken-up by other neoplastic diseases, infections, and non-infective inflammatory processes. While this behavior may be an opportunity to study different diseases, on the other hand, this condition brings with it the source of error in the evaluation of the images. Here we present the case of a meningeal inflammatory pseudotumor evidenced by 18F-FCH.
Alveolar Sarcoidosis With Intense FDG Uptake, Mimicking Multi-focal Pneumonia and Infiltrative Lung Malignancy
Authors: Ansari-Gilani Kianoush , Yang Michael , Ramaiya Nikhil H. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Alveolar sarcoidosis is an uncommon radiologic manifestation of pulmonary sarcoidosis which appears as infiltrative or mass-like opacities mimicking multifocal pneumonia or infiltrative lung malignancies such as multi-focal adenocarcinoma or pulmonary lymphoma. It has correlation with a more acute and symptomatic phase of thoracic sarcoidosis and therefore expected to show a more severely increased metabolic activity on FDG PET. Alveolar sarcoidosis shows a relatively rapid radiological improvement after initiation of corticosteroid therapy. Tissue diagnosis might be needed in some cases to exclude malignancy.
Esthesioneuroblastoma on 68Ga DOTANOC PET/CT
Authors: Tripathy Sarthak , Kumar Rakesh , Kakkar Aanchal , Kumar Rajeev , Sharma Prateek , Shamim Shamim Ahmed 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Esthesioneuroblastoma is a rare neoplasm arising from the neural crest cells of olfactory epithelium mostly in the nasal vault. We describe the 68Ga DOTANOC PET/CT findings of a 44-year-old woman who was operated for right nasal mass diagnosed as paraganglioma in the past and then develop a mass in the right nasal cavity after 2 years which upon surgery diagnosed to be esthesioneuroblastoma on histopathology.
A Comparison of Angiogenesis and Glycolytic Imaging in Patients With Clinical Suspected Locally Advanced Breast Cancer
Authors: Vatsa Rakhee , Ashwathanarayana Abhiram Gopalajois , Singh Gurpreet , Kavanal Anwin Joseph , Kumar Sunil , Rana Nivedita , Shukla Jaya , Mittal Bhagwant Rai 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

18F-FDG PET/CT imaging is an important diagnostic tool for accurate staging and assessment of response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) in patients with locally advanced breast carcinoma (LABC). However, 18F-FDG being non-specific marker, it also accumulates in inflammatory conditions, leading to false positive results. Angiogenesis, an essential characteristic for tumor development, intrusion and metastasis can be imaged using 68Ga-labeled RGD tripeptide. We here depict a series of clinically staged LABC patients who underwent both 68Ga-DOTA-RGD2 and 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging for staging and illustrate the similarities and significant differences between the two tracers.
Diffusely Decreased Liver Uptake on FDG PET and Cancer-Associated Cachexia With Reduced Survival
Authors: Nakamoto Ryusuke , Okuyama Chio , Ishizu Koichi , Higashi Tatsuya , Takahashi Masaaki , Kusano Kuninori , Kagawa Shinya , Yamauchi Hiroshi 
Published: June 2019

Objectives
We investigated clinical characteristics of patients with extremely increased or decreased physiologic 18F-FDG uptake of the liver and their prognosis.

Methods
One thousand four hundred eighty-seven PET/CT scans of patients with known or suspected malignancy were retrospectively analyzed. A spherical volume of interest (3 cm in diameter) was set on the right lobe of the liver to calculate the SUVmean. Scans with extremely high (SUVmean >97.5th percentile) and low (SUVmean <2.5th percentile) FDG uptake in the liver were evaluated. Physical and laboratory data among a control group (n = 30), the extremely high liver uptake group (HG, n = 36), and the extremely low liver uptake group (LG, n = 36) were compared. Overall survival (OS) of the 3 groups was also compared.

Results
Body weight and body mass index in the HG (SUVmean ≥3.04) were significantly higher than those in the control group. The LG cases (SUVmean ≤1.78) had anemia, impaired liver function, and systemic inflammation. They were also in a poor nutritional state. The characteristics of LG cases had many things in common with those of cachectic patients. Indeed, 36.1% of LG cases met the diagnostic criteria for cachexia. Moreover, in LG cases with viable and/or recurrent malignant lesions on FDG PET, the proportion of cachexia increased by 52.6%. The OS of LG cases (median, 33 months) was significantly worse than that of controls and HG cases.

Conclusions
Our data indicate that cancer patients with extremely decreased liver FDG uptake were likely to have cancer cachexia and a lower OS.
Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy: An Effective and Noninvasive Therapy for Complications of Ear Reconstruction
Authors: Xu Feng , Zhang Ruhong , Zhang Qun , Xu Zhicheng , Li Datao , Li Yiyuan 
Published: June 2019

Objectives:Although complications of ear reconstruction are rare, common salvage procedures involve invasive surgery, and final outcomes can be uncertain. In this study, the authors have successfully applied noninvasive hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) as an adjunct treatment for the complications of ear reconstruction.Methods:During a 2-year period, 42 patients with complications of ear reconstruction were included in the study. All patients received HBOT twice a day for 2 to 3 courses, and each course lasted for 10 days.Results:Patients suffered from 4 different complications: hematoma (15), flap venous congestion (13), frame exposure (10), and postoperative infection (4). After HBOT, 41 patients recovered without a need for additional surgical repair. One patient developed an infection and required further treatment.Conclusions:Combined with traditional salvage procedures, HBOT effectively treated various complications of ear reconstruction.
Treatment of Difficult Minor Papilla Cannulation in Patients of Pancreatic Divisum: Using Endoscopic Ultrasonography–guided Puncture Combined With Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography: 2 Cases and Literature Review
Authors: Huang Pingxiao , Di Shujie , Fan Yan , Wang Jian , Zhang Heng , Wu Jie 
Published: June 2019

Context:
Pancreas divisum (PD), the most common congenital anatomic variation of the pancreatic ductal system, is still rare in clinical practice. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is the first-line treatment for patients with symptomatic PD. However, even by experienced endoscopists, the procedure of ERCP can fail in 3% to 10% of cases. Traditionally, if we fail in cannulation we have no choice but to rely on surgery.

Case Report:
The 2 case reports of PD in this study with cannulation were both unsuccessful, fortunately, the use of endoscopic ultrasonography–guided pancreatic duct puncture combined with ERCP was eventually successful in treatment.

Conclusions:
Using endoscopic ultrasonography–guided pancreatic duct puncture combined with ERCP is safe and effective for the treatment of the patients of difficult minor papilla cannulation in patients of PD, and can be used as a remedy for minor papilla cannulation failure.
Adenosine, lidocaine, and Mg2+ fluid therapy leads to 72-hour survival after hemorrhagic shock: A model for studying differential gene expression and extending biological time
Authors: Letson Hayley Louise , Morris Jodie Lee , Biros Erik , Dobson Geoffrey Phillip 
Published: June 2019

BACKGROUND
Noncompressible torso hemorrhage is a leading cause of traumatic death. Our aim was to examine survival time and the expression of key master genes of cellular metabolism after 3% NaCl adenosine, lidocaine, and Mg2+ (ALM) bolus and 4 hours 0.9% NaCl/ALM “drip” in a rat model of uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock.

METHODS
Male Sprague-Dawley rats (425 ± 8 g) were anesthetized and randomly assigned to saline controls (n = 10) or ALM therapy (n = 10). Hemorrhage was induced by liver resection (60% left lateral lobe). After 15 minutes, a single intravenous bolus of 3% NaCl ± ALM (0.7 mL/kg) was administered (Phase 1), and after 60 minutes, a 0.9% NaCl ± ALM stabilization “drip” (0.5 mL/kg per hour) was infused for 4 hours (Phase 2) with 72 hours monitoring. Mean arterial pressure and lactate were measured. After 72 hours (or high moribund score), tissues were freeze-clamped and stored at −80°C. Total RNA was extracted in heart, brain, and liver, and the relative expressions of amp-k, mtCO3, PGC-1α, and sirt-1 genes were determined.

RESULTS
Kaplan-Meier survival curves showed that controls had a mean survival time of 22.6 ± 4.5 hours, and ALM animals, 72 ± 0 hours (p < 0.05). Death in controls was accompanied by approximately sevenfold increase in lactate, while ALM animals maintained lactates similar to baseline over 72 hours. The relative expression of amp-k, PGC-1α, and sirt-1 in heart and brain was 1.5-fold and 2.7-fold higher in the ALM group compared with controls (p < 0.05), with the exception of mitochondrial encoded cytochrome C oxidase III pseudogene 1 in heart, which was 19-fold higher. In contrast, amp-k, sirt-1, and mtCO3 gene expression in liver was significantly 29–41% lower in the ALM group compared with controls, and PGC-1α was 75% lower.

CONCLUSION
Small-volume ALM therapy led to 3.3-times longer survival time compared with saline controls after hemorrhagic shock. A hallmark of the ALM-survival phenotype in heart and brain was an upregulation of amp-k, PGC-1α, sirt-1, and mtCO3 to presumably “boost” mitochondrial function and ATP production, and a contrasting downregulation in liver. These central-peripheral differences in gene expression require further investigation.
Pre-Border Gene Foxb1 Regulates the Differentiation Timing and Autonomic Neuronal Potential of Human Neural Crest Cells
Authors: Leung Alan W. , López-Giráldez Francesc , Broton Cayla , Lin Kaixuan , Prasad Maneeshi S. , Hernández Jacqueline C. , Xiao Andrew Z. , Garcia-Castro Martín I. 
Published: June 2019

SUMMARYWhat are the factors that are induced during the transitory phases from pluripotent stem cells to lineage specified cells, how are they regulated, and what are their functional contributions are fundamental questions for basic developmental biology and clinical research. Here, we uncover a set of pre-border (pB) gene candidates, including forkhead box B1 (FOXB1), induced during human neural crest (NC) cell development. We characterize their associated enhancers that are bound by pluripotency factors and rapidly activated by β-catenin-mediated signaling during differentiation. Surprisingly, the endogenous transient expression of FOXB1 directly regulates multiple early NC and neural progenitor loci includingPAX7,MSX2,SOX1, andASCL1, controls the timing of NC fate acquisition, and differentially activates autonomic neurogenic versus mesenchymal fates in mature NC cells. Our findings provide further insight into the concept of the less characterized pB state and clearly establishes FOXB1 as a key regulator in early cell fate decisions during human pluripotent stem cell differentiation.