bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Future Operating Model
Authors: Costa David , Cazauran Benjamin , Aillos Alexandre 
Published: November 2024

An international energy company aims to define a successful methodology and structure for performance and profitability improvement of assets in operations within the oil and gas industry.
To fulfill this objective, Future Operating Model studies focus on defining profitability improvement plans for operating assets by combining business analysis and technical expertise and by using internal and external benchmarks and gap analysis.
Taking stock of the local context, the study aims to improve operating efficiency and reduce OPEX by benchmarking production, costs, and emissions against comparable assets, and identifying the technical domains where Operational Excellence principles shall in priority be applied to improve performance. Typical improvement parameters targeted by a FOM study are reduce personnel exposure, optimize human resources, increase of operation efficiency and as such reduction of GHG, OPEX & CAPEX optimization.
Mechanism of Water Cut Reduction in CO2 Flooding to Enhance GOR Curve Prediction Accuracy
Authors: Xiao Z. , Diwu P. , Zhao B. , Wei Y. , Liu H. , Wang J. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Precise forecasting of Gas-Oil Ratio (GOR) curves is crucial for the effective and safe exploitation of reservoirs influenced by CO2 flooding. On a macroscopic level, the GOR curve typically exhibits a rapid rise, while on a microscopic level, it shows significant fluctuations. These characteristics make it challenging for conventional prediction methods to capture these dynamics, resulting in notable deficiencies in existing univariate models in terms of rapid response to changes and anomaly detection.
To address the challenges in predicting GOR curves, this study employs impulse response functions and cross-correlation functions to identify the lagged correlation between water cut and GOR curves. Based on these findings, a prediction strategy incorporating water cut constraints is proposed. This approach utilizes a multi-input Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network to balance the long-term trends and short-term fluctuations in GOR. The model is trained on well production data from 26 production wells in a CO2 pilot area in Northeast China, capturing monthly production indicators to improve prediction accuracy and enhance early warning capabilities for CO2 breakthrough events.
The research results indicate that incorporating water cut as a constraint variable significantly improved the accuracy of GOR curve predictions, particularly enabling predictions 60 days in advance in multi-step forecasting. The model's mean absolute error (MAE) decreased from 260.60 to 172.89, and the root mean square error (RMSE) reduced from 522.87 to 382.15, demonstrating a significant enhancement in the model's prediction accuracy and performance.
Incorporating water cut as a constraint variable into the deep learning prediction strategy significantly improves GOR curve trend accuracy and sensitivity to fluctuations. This provides engineers with an early warning tool for CO2 breakthrough events, reducing uncertainty and risk in CO2 injection. Additionally, introducing lagged correlation variables enhances the model's ability to capture complex interactions in time series data, offering valuable insights and methodological references for future productivity prediction research.
Optimizing Workforce Capacity Planning and Enhancing Productivity Through Integrated People Analytics at Saipem
Authors: Caro G. Di , Boscacci A. , D’Angeli F. , Musci V. , Sartini E. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Saipem has adopted an Integrated Capacity Planning approach to align workforce capacity with project needs. It relies on Business Intelligence and HR and project data to map employees’ skills and experiences, and to support strategic decisions. The approach is part of the Company Sustainable People Strategy, which aims to develop the competencies and culture for the energy transition and innovation. For the mapping of competencies, Saipem uses the ESCO (European Skills, Competences, Qualifications and Occupations) system and the Quick competence mapping method, which allows to quickly identify the key competencies of a role or a person.
Achieving Circular Economy Through Optimizing Pipeline Repair
Authors: Al-Otaibi Ahmad , Al-Omair Muhammad , Al-Rashidi Khalid 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Circular economy (CE) is one of the most important pillars to attain operational excellence. This is specially the case in the oil and gas industry, where implementing circular economy initiatives could play a key role to ensure operations sustainability and resource saving. From this perspective, tangible benefits would be realized by tackling routine operational challenges with innovative and out of the box solutions. In addition, one of the most attractive areas to identify such opportunities for circularity is pipeline repair. This paper illustrates a case where a damaged pipeline repair was optimized to allow for expediting the execution duration, reducing the required repair scope, and availing additional material to be re-utilized for other repair jobs in the same field. This was achieved by opting to reroute the targeted pipeline instead of direct replacement.
As a background, Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) was carried out on three-hundred and ninety (390) piping spools of an oil transporting pipeline. This inspection revealed a total of seventy-one (71) corroded piping spools at nine (9) different locations distributed along the whole line, with the remaining tested spools in a healthy condition. In addition, the wall thickness of the corroded spools was measured to be below the minimum requirements. Typically, these identified sections will be replaced to return the line back to service. Nevertheless, upon reviewing and verifying the line layout, process parameters, overall pipelines network, and magnitude of the required repair, it was clear that an alternative approach to restore the line would be more beneficial, and will lead to major CE benefits, while ensuring that the system performs its intended function. In this innovative approach, the pipeline will be routed and connected to another nearby pipeline, leading to the same destination. Figures 1 and 2 below shows the existing and modified layouts.
As a result, the replacement of seventy-one (71) corroded piping spools was avoided and three-hundred and nineteen (319) healthy spools were dismantled and re-utilized for other repair activities. Furthermore, such optimization has resulted in a major cost avoidance of around 471,296 USD related to cost of material and contractor activities.
It is worth noting that this evaluation philosophy will be the baseline for future assessment of similar cases, which will ensure taking full advantage of circular economy principles. Moreover, additional gains include expediting the time to return the line back to service, and reducing the distance required for inspection.
Mechanistic understanding of the Nucleotide Excision Repair: structural bases of damage detection process by UvrA and lesion hand-off to UvrB.
Authors: Genta Marianna , Ferrara Giulia , Capelli Riccardo , Rondelli Diego , Sertic Sarah , Bolognesi Martino , Rizzi Menico , Rossi Franca , Jeruzalmi David , Chaves-Sanjuan Antonio , Miggiano Riccardo 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Nucleotide excision repair (NER) represents one of the major molecular machineries that control chromosome stability in all living species. In Eubacteria, the initial stages of the repair process are carried out by the UvrABC excinuclease complex. Despite the wealth of structural data available, some crucial details of the pathway remain elusive. In this study, we present a structural investigation of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis UvrA-UvrB complex and of the UvrA dimer, both in presence of damaged DNA. Our analyses have yielded new insights into the DNA binding mode of UvrA, as well as an unexplored conformation of some important regions involved in DNA coordination. Furthermore, we determined the molecular events related to the sequential binding of UvrB, leading to the formation of the uncharacterized UvrA2UvrB-DNA and the UvrA2UvrB2-DNA complexes which we interpreted as hierarchical steps initiating the DNA repair cascade in NER pathway.
Efficacy, Safety, and Risk Factors of Thermal Ablation for Follicular Thyroid Neoplasms: A Multicentric Study
Authors: Zhou Xinyi , Fan Bo-Qiang , He Jun-feng , Zhou Ying , Wu Song-song , Wang Shu-rong , Dong Gang , Guo Jian-qin , Wei Ying , Zhao Zhenlong , Wu Jie , Cao Shiliang , Yu Na , Li Yan , Peng Lili , Yu Ming-an 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Purpose
To assess the efficacy and safety of thermal ablation (TA) in managing follicular thyroid neoplasms (FN).
Methods
This multicenter retrospective study involved participants diagnosed with FN across nine hospitals, undergoing microwave ablation or radiofrequency ablation from January 2014 to January 2024. Primary outcomes assessed were technical success and disease progression, with secondary outcomes including tumor size and volume changes, complete tumor disappearance, complications, and side effects. Subgroup analyses aimed to identify factors influencing tumor progression and complete disappearance.
Results
The study enrolled 375 patients (mean age: 43.2 years ± 14.9 [standard deviation]; 298 women) with 482 FNs, tracked over an average of 23.6 months, achieving a 100% technical success rate. Disease progression was observed in 4.8% (18/375) of patients, with a local recurrence rate of 3.7% (14/375) and new neoplasm occurrence of 1.1% (4/375). Multifocal neoplasms emerged as an independent risk factor for disease progression (hazard ratio [HR], 3.48; 95% CI, 1.16–10.45; P = .026). Tumor volume significantly reduced (P < .001), particularly within 1–3 months post-ablation, with complete tumor disappearance observed in 10.4% (39/375) of cases, more likely in tumors smaller than 2 cm (HR, .11; 95% CI, .06-.23; P < .001). Complications occurred in 2.9% of patients, with major events in 2.1% and minor in 0.8%.
Conclusion
TA is a safe and efficacious method for treating FN, showing low rates of disease progression and complications. Optimal outcomes may be achieved in patients with unifocal FN and neoplasms under 2 cm.
Local seismic response in the historical centre of Nafplio (Greece) as a tool for seismic risk management
Authors: Fiorucci Matteo , martino salvatore , Antonielli Benedetta , Charalampopoulou Vasiliki (Betty) , Ciampi Paolo , Hussain Yawar , Iannucci Roberto , Inciocchi Daniele , Karastathis Vassilis , Maniatakis Charilaos , Marinou Eirini , Mouzakiotis Aggelos , Rivellino Stefano , Saroglou Charalampos , Tsirogianni Athina , Bozzano Francesca 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Local seismic response analysis is a crucial tool for assessing site-specific seismic hazards, particularly in urban areas of cultural and historical significance. However, these analyses often overlook the complexities of near-surface geological and topographical conditions, especially in regions with medium to high seismic activity. This study, funded by the H2020RISE-Marie Curie Action in the framework of the STABLE (STructural stABiLity risk assEssment) project, focuses on the local seismic response of the Nafplio (Greece), an urban area rich in cultural heritage. By adopting an integrated methodology, we aim to enhance the understanding of seismic risk in complex subsoil environments. The approach involves: i) constructing a 3D geological model of the area's subsoil setting, including it in an engineering geological modelling; ii) estimating the resonance frequency of the soft soils using ambient seismic noise measurements and earthquake-based geophysical techniques; iii) generating response spectra for three return periods of 50, 475, and 2000 years using both 1D and 2D numerical modelling approaches. The combined geophysical and numerical modelling results provide a more robust framework for evaluating local seismic amplification due to both stratigraphic and topographic features, offering valuable insights for disaster risk mitigation and resilience planning in seismic-prone urban areas.
The Effective Control of Harmful Components in Smoke Using a Novel Laser- Based Smoking Device
Authors: Chen Chen , Wang Xinyuan , Ye Yajun , Guo Chunsheng , Na Baodan , Ning Xiaoping , Tian Ye , Li Linda , Zhao Xingquan , Du He 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Smoking remains a significant global health issue, contributing to a variety of diseases and premature death. The combustion process during smoking produces a complex mixture of harmful compounds, many of which are known carcinogens. For these reasons, we have developed a novel smoking method using laser ignition as an alternative approach to reduce the formation of harmful compounds in cigarette smoke. We used a high-precision laser system to ignite commercial cigarettes. The resulting smoke composition was then compared to that of traditional flame ignition. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was employed to analyze the smoke samples, focusing on compounds known to have severe health risks. The results show that, compared to flame ignition, the levels of these compounds were significantly reduced with laser ignition, with reductions as high as 55.5%. These findings suggest that laser ignition may offer a safer alternative for tobacco consumers, potentially reducing some health risks associated with smoking. Moreover, it may have beneficial effects on controlling secondhand smoke's impact on the environment and biological health.
Evidence of rapid rise in population immunity from subclinical infections in Pakistan from pre-vaccination serial serosurveys in Pakistan
Authors: Iqbal Junaid , Hasan Zahra , Habib Muhammad Atif , Malik Asma Abdul , Muhammad Sajid , Begum Kehkashan , Zuberi Rabia , Umer Muhammad , Ikram Aamer , Soofi Sajid Bashir , Cousens Simon , Bhutta Zulfiqar A. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background: Understanding factors associated with protective immunity against emerging viral infections is crucial for global health. Pakistan reported its first COVID-19 case on February 26, 2020, but compared to other countries, it experienced relatively low COVID-19-related morbidity and mortality between 2020 and 2022. The underlying reasons remain unclear. Our research aims to shed light on this crucial issue.
Methods:We conducted serial household surveys over 16 months (Rounds 1-4, July 2020 - November 2021) in urban (Karachi) and rural (Matiari) Sindh, sampling 1100 households and 3900 individuals. Our comprehensive approach included measuring antibodies in sera, testing a subset of respiratory samples for COVID-19 using RT-PCR and antigen tests, and measuring Hemoglobin, CRP, Vitamin D, and zinc in Round 1.
Results Participants showed 23% (95% CI 21.9-24.5) antibody seroprevalence in round 1, increasing across rounds to 29% (95% CI 27.4-30.6), 49% (95% CI 47.2-50.9) and 79% (95% CI 77.4-80.8). Urban residents had 2.6 times (95% CI 1.9-3.6) higher odds of seropositivity than rural residents. Seropositivity did not differ between genders. Individuals aged 20-49 had 7.5 (95% CI 4.6-12.4) times higher odds of seropositivity compared to children aged 0-4. Most participants were asymptomatic, with no reported mortality. Vitamin D deficiency was linked to seroprevalence. COVID-19 was confirmed in 1.8% of individuals via RT-PCR and antigen tests.
Conclusions: The data suggests a steady increase in humoral immunity in Pakistan, likely due to increased transmission and potential cross-protective immunity, which may be associated with asymptomatic disease, leading to the reduction of morbidity and mortality observed.
Dietary Probiotic Ingestion is Associated with Elevated Enterolignans Concentration in the United States Population, evidenced by NHANES 1999-2010
Authors: Dong Jialong , Zhou Yifan , Huang Liufang , Wang Chuchu , Wei Jin , Abuduxukuer KaiweiSa , Shi Wenming , Li Yongzhen , Luo Jianfeng , Peng Qing 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Purpose
To investigate associations between enterolignans concentration and probiotic ingestion in a nationally representative sample of the US population.
Methods
Dietary recall data and urinary concentrations of enterolignans were obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999 − 2010. In total, 12,358 participants were deemed eligible for the current study. Associations between enterolignans and dietary probiotic ingestion were analyzed using linear regression, and demographic, socioeconomic, health condition, and lifestyle-related covariates were fully adjusted as potential confounders.
Results
Participants with dietary probiotic ingestion had higher urinary concentrations of enterolignans, and probiotic ingestion showed robust and profound positive correlations with enterolignans after fully adjusted with multiple confounders (all p values<0.005). Frequent probiotic consumption exerts a more profound and positive impact on enterolignans concentrations than Infrequent probiotic consumption, according to correlation coefficient values in both univariate and multivariate analyses.
Conclusion
It is the first epidemiological study to provide empirical evidence of the positive associations between probiotic ingestion and a kind of health-beneficial intestinal microbiota metabolites, enterolignans.
Effect of Pr and In Doping on Electrochemical Properties of Y-BaZrO3
Authors: Yang Chunli , Wang Lei , Li Jun , Yao Wei , Liang Yanru , Wang Kai , sining Yun 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Y doped BaZrO3 is a promising cermet hydrogen separation membrane material. The conductivity of BaZrO3 ceramics depends on the concentration of their oxygen vacancies. In this study, BaZrO3 ceramics doped with In and Pr were prepared by citrate sol-gel combustion method. The effects of doping on ceramic phase structure, oxygen vacancies and micromorphology were studied by XRD, Raman spectroscopy, XPS and SEM techniques. The conductivity, hydrogen permeability and stability of BaZr0.7Y0.2In0.1O3−δ(BZYI), BaZr0.7Y0.2Pr0.1O3−δ(BZYP) ceramics were tested. After doping, The conductivity of BaZr0.7Y0.2In0.1O3−δ(BZYI) is the largest, reaching 9.98×10− 3 S·cm− 1. The hydrogen permeation fluxes of BZYI and BZYP samples were observed to reach 3.50×10− 9 mol•cm− 2•s− 1 and 2.60×10− 9 mol•cm− 2•s− 1, respectively, upon the introduction of water vapor during the purge test conducted at 900℃. Subsequently, the samples underwent treatment in boiling water and a 100% CO2 atmosphere at 900℃ for 3 hours. XRD, Raman spectroscopy, and SEM analyses revealed the absence of any heterophase, thus indicating the excellent stability of the sample
Improving Datacenter Networking Operations with Large Language Models and Chat Operations
Authors: PECI FATOS , HAMITI ENVER 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Maintaining a sizable global network requires a vast number of human resources, who are knowledgeable about networks and capable of responding swiftly to various situations. To reduce the burden and number of engineers required to monitor and operate these enormous and complicated networks, artificial intelligence provides an extra tool for managing complex jobs, processing data, and making choices. The usage of large language models has been demonstrated to be crucial in maintaining Service Level Agreements (SLAs), reducing Mean Time to Repair (MTTR), and enhancing the overall availability of large-scale networks, such as those found at Microsoft Azure, Google GCP, and Amazon AWS. Our methodology centres on establishing an interface that leverages natural language processing (NLP) and chat operations (chatops) to facilitate the diagnosis and recovery of services between human engineers and large-scale networks. This approach has proven to improve the ability of engineers to support complex issues and support a greater volume of escalated cases. Ultimately, this has improved MTTR and the overall availability of large-scale data centre networks. The chatops approach reduces the number of tools with which engineers operate daily, thus decreasing the chances of introducing errors during maintenance or troubleshooting processes.
Using Microbial Inoculants for Enhancing Decomposition of Citywaste and Biohythane Production
Authors: Nisar Amna , Farid Muhammad Fayyaz , Ijaz Memoona 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Biohythane is a renewable energy source that carries great importance owing to its capacity to tackle energy security, environmental issues, and sustainable development goals. The current research focus on the the advantages of biohythane use as compared to the use of hydrogen and methane, as separate biofuels.The attention has been focused on the biohythane production from organic wastes, the most abundant organic substrates treated by anaerobic digestion, reporting the main milestones and the future trends. This research has primarily centered on the utilization of city waste to produce biohythane gases with the help of different consortia of microbes. Four treatments were used: T1: Control, T2: Organic waste + Acidithiobacillus thioxidans/Acidithiobacillus ferroxidans,T3: Organic waste + Methanosarcina thermophila / Methanobacterium beijingense and T4: Organicwaste + Acidithiobacillusthioxidans)/Acidithiobacillus ferroxidans) + Methanosarcina thermophila / Methanobacterium beijingense.The results indicated that the mean maximum value of CH4 was 74.2% in T4 where organic waste was used along with bacterial consortia followed by 64% in T2.The highest value of H2 was 14.96% in T4 followed by 10.53% in T3. The maximum value of H2S was 63.3ppm in T4 followed by 54.66ppm in T2. The highest value of CO was 850ppm in T2 followed by 680ppm in T3. Sulfur-oxidizing bacteria, iron-oxidizing bacteria, and methane-producing bacteria were also used to enhance decomposition. Their cultures were obtained from local sources, and they were applied before the start of composting. It was concluded that the highest percentage of gases (CH4 ,H2S, H2 and CO) were obtained from the anaerobic digestion where hydrogen-producing bacteria, methane-producing bacteria, and organic waste were applied together.