bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Knowledge and Practices of Periodontal Health and Oral Hygiene among BDS Students
Authors: Malla Suprim , Shrestha Reshma , Dhami Bhageshwar , Gupta Sujaya , Deo Satish 
Published: April 2019

Background: Periodontal disease is an inflammatory oral disease that affects the soft and hard tissues supporting the teeth. Gingivitis, an early stage, when untreated leads to periodontitis that causes progressive tooth mobility leading towards tooth loss. Periodontitis is ubiquitous and commonly manifests in adult life. Early detection of oral diseases makes them more amenable to treatment and allows better chance of cure. BDS students are young adults who are going to be future oral health care provider. Their knowledge and oral hygiene practices may impact oral health status of a society.
Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the knowledge of oral health and periodontal disease and correlate it with oral hygiene practices among BDS students not exposed to clinical practice.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out among 120 students of first, second and third year BDS at Kantipur Dental College. The students who were not exposed to clinical practice were invited to participate. The data was collected by self-administered structured questionnaire. There were total of 15 questions on knowledge and oral hygiene practice and scores were assigned to each question. Data analysis was done by SPSS 20 software program.
Results: The mean knowledge score of the population was 6.58 ± 1.29 and mean practice score as 6.20 ± 1.73. The participants had good knowledge (55%) of oral health and periodontal diseases. However, only 22.5% of participants followed good oral hygiene practices. There was no significant difference of knowledge between males and females (p = 0.831) but a statistically significant difference was seen in the practice of oral hygiene (p = 0.006).
Conclusion: Despite having good knowledge (55%) of oral and periodontal health, 77.5% of the BDS students did not follow good oral hygiene practices on a regular basis. Dental students must be encouraged to be good role models in practicing as well as promoting oral health. The authors would like to recommend incorporating some oral health and preventive dentistry topics in the non-clinical BDS curriculum.
A Comparative Evaluation of Anti-Inflammatory and Antiplaque Efficacy of Citrus Sinesis Mouthwash and Chlorhexidine Mouthwash
Authors: Mandal Aritra , Manohar Balaji , Shetty Neema , Mathur Aditi , Makhijani Barkha , Sen Nandini 
Published: April 2019

Background: Citrus sinesis belongs to Rutaceae family is an enriched source of vitamin C, flavonoid compounds and antioxidants are helpful in reducing inflammation. Few in-vitro studies the ethanolic extract of orange peels has successfully reduced periodontal pathogens which has influenced us to prepare a mouth wash with ethanolic extract of orange peel.
Aim: To evaluate and compare the effect of indigenously prepared 4% ethanolic extract of Citrus sinseis (Orange peel) mouthwash to commercially available 0.2% Chlorhexidine mouthwash as an anti-plaque agent.
Materials and Methods: Twenty subjects in the age group of 18-60 years with moderate to severe gingivitis were divided into two equal groups. Clinical parameters like Plaque Index, Sulcus Bleeding Index and Gingival Index were recorded at baseline, 7th and 14th day respectively. Following oral prophylaxis Group-I (n= 10) subjects were instructed to rinse twice daily with 10ml of 0.2% chlorhexidine mouthwash and Group-II (n= 10) subjects were instructed to rinse twice daily with 10ml of 4% ethanolic extract of Citrus sinesis mouthwash for 14 days. All the subjects were recalled on the 7th and 14th day for follow up to record the clinical parameters.
Results: Citrus sinesis 4% mouthwash was seen to be as efficient as 0.2% Chlorhexidine in reducing Plaque Index and more effectively reducing gingival inflammation and gingival bleeding index.
Conclusion: Citrus sinesis 4% mouthwash can be used for short term purpose without any potential side effects as an alternative to 0.2% Chlorhexidine mouthwash in reducing plaque and gingival inflammation.
Effectiveness of aerobic exercise and strengthening on the cardiorespiratory endurance of Paralympic basketball players
Authors: BOFOSA Teddy , MİANGİNDULA Betty , NKİAMA Constant 
Published: April 2019

The aim of this study was to evaluate the
effects of aerobic exercise and
strengthening on the cardiorespiratory endurance of Paralympic basketball players. The present study was
carried out within Kinshasa Martyrs Stadium in the club of Congolese
association of sports for handicapped and disabled) and in three towns of
Kinshasa. A total of 75 disabled persons were randomly divided into two groups: the
first group (experimental) was composed of 35 Paralympic basketball players’ (beginners) with a
mean age of 32.03±9.06 years and a sitting height of 43.86 ± 6.75 cm (were
subjected to a three-wheel-strength wheelchair basketball and weight training
program sessions of two hours a week) and the second (control) of 40 disabled persons
who live in three towns of Kinshasa with a mean age of 33.2 ± 2.75 years and a
sitting height of 44.07 ± 3.5 cm .The paired student parametric test t allowed
us to verify the effects of physical activity on weight, waist circumference,
systolic blood pressure, blood pressure diastolic, resting heart rate, forced
expiratory volume and the maximum oxygen uptake after 6 months. The Paralympic basketball players’ have reduced significantly
their weight, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, blood pressure
diastolic, resting heart rate, respiratory rate and blood glucose than control
group (p &lt; .05). In addition they increased significantly their forced
expiratory volume and maximum oxygen uptake than control group (p &lt; .05). The
regular practice of adapted physical activities allows people with physical
disabilities to improve their physiological profile.
Dosimetric comparisons of different hypofractionated stereotactic radiotherapy techniques in treating intracranial tumors > 3 cm in longest diameter
Authors: Cao Hongbin , Xiao Zhiyan , Zhang Yin , Kwong Tiffany , Danish Shabbar F. , Weiner Joseph , Wang Xiao , Yue Ning , Dai Zhitao , Kuang Yu , Bai Yongrui , Nie Ke 
Published: April 2019

OBJECTIVEThe authors sought to compare the dosimetric quality of hypofractionated stereotactic radiosurgery in treating sizeable brain tumors across the following treatment platforms: GammaKnife (GK) Icon, CyberKnife (CK) G4, volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) on the Varian TrueBeam STx, double scattering proton therapy (DSPT) on the Mevion S250, and intensity modulated proton therapy (IMPT) on the Varian ProBeam.METHODSIn this retrospective study, stereotactic radiotherapy treatment plans were generated for 10 patients with sizeable brain tumors (> 3 cm in longest diameter) who had been treated with VMAT. Six treatment plans, 20–30 Gy in 5 fractions, were generated for each patient using the same constraints for each of the following radiosurgical methods: 1) GK, 2) CK, 3) coplanar arc VMAT (VMAT-C), 4) noncoplanar arc VMAT (VMAT-NC), 5) DSPT, and 6) IMPT. The coverage; conformity index; gradient index (GI); homogeneity index; mean and maximum point dose of organs at risk; total dose volume (V) in Gy to the normal brain for 2 Gy (V2), 5 Gy (V5), and 12 Gy (V12); and integral dose were compared across all platforms.RESULTSAmong the 6 techniques, GK consistently produced a sharper dose falloff despite a greater central target dose. GK gave the lowest GI, with a mean of 2.7 ± 0.1, followed by CK (2.9 ± 0.1), VMAT-NC (3.1 ± 0.3), and VMAT-C (3.5 ± 0.3). The highest mean GIs for the proton beam treatments were 3.8 ± 0.4 for DSPT and 3.9 ± 0.4 for IMPT. The GK consistently targeted the lowest normal brain volume, delivering 5 to 12 Gy when treating relatively smaller- to intermediate-sized lesions (less than 15–20 cm3). Yet, the differences across the 6 modalities relative to GK decreased with the increase of target volume. In particular, the proton treatments delivered the lowest V5 to the normal brain when the target size was over 15–20 cm3 and also produced the lowest integral dose to the normal brain regardless of the target size.CONCLUSIONSThis study provides an insightful understanding of dosimetric quality from both photon and proton treatment across the most advanced stereotactic radiotherapy platforms.
Multimodal noninvasive evaluation in MRI-negative operculoinsular epilepsy
Authors: Wang Shan , Tang Yingying , Aung Thandar , Chen Cong , Katagiri Masaya , Jones Stephen E. , Prayson Richard A. , Krishnan Balu , Gonzalez-Martinez Jorge A. , Burgess Richard C. , Najm Imad M. , Alexopoulos Andreas V. , Wang Shuang , Ding Meiping , Wang Zhong Irene 
Published: April 2019

OBJECTIVEPresurgical evaluation of patients with operculoinsular epilepsy and negative MRI presents major challenges. Here the authors examined the yield of noninvasive modalities such as voxel-based morphometric MRI postprocessing, FDG-PET, subtraction ictal SPECT coregistered to MRI (SISCOM), and magnetoencephalography (MEG) in a cohort of patients with operculoinsular epilepsy and negative MRI.METHODSTwenty-two MRI-negative patients were included who had focal ictal onset from the operculoinsular cortex on intracranial EEG, and underwent focal resection limited to the operculoinsular cortex. MRI postprocessing was applied to presurgical T1-weighted volumetric MRI using a morphometric analysis program (MAP). Individual and combined localization yields of MAP, FDG-PET, MEG, and SISCOM were compared with the ictal onset location on intracranial EEG. Seizure outcomes were reported at 1 year and 2 years (when available) using the Engel classification.RESULTSTen patients (45.5%, 10/22) had operculoinsular abnormalities on MAP; 5 (23.8%, 5/21) had operculoinsular hypometabolism on FDG-PET; 4 (26.7%, 4/15) had operculoinsular hyperperfusion on SISCOM; and 6 (30.0%, 6/20) had an MEG cluster (3 tight, 3 loose) within the operculoinsular cortex. The highest yield of a 2-test combination was 59.1%, seen with MAP and SISCOM, followed by 54.5% with MAP and FDG-PET, and also 54.5% with MAP and MEG. The highest yield of a 3-test combination was 68.2%, seen with MAP, MEG, and SISCOM. The yield of the 4-test combination remained at 68.2%. When all other tests were negative or nonlocalizing, unique information was provided by MAP in 5, MEG in 1, SISCOM in 2, and FDG-PET in none of the patients. One-year follow-up was available in all patients, and showed 11 Engel class IA, 4 class IB, 4 class II, and 3 class III/IV. Two-year follow-up was available in 19 patients, and showed 9 class IA, 3 class IB, 1 class ID, 3 class II, and 3 class III/IV.CONCLUSIONSThis study highlights the individual and combined values of multiple noninvasive modalities for the evaluation of nonlesional operculoinsular epilepsy. The 3-test combination of MAP, MEG, and SISCOM represented structural, interictal, and ictal localization information, and constituted the highest yield. MAP showed the highest yield of unique information when other tests were negative or nonlocalizing.
Radiation dose to neuroanatomical structures of pituitary adenomas and the effect of Gamma Knife radiosurgery on pituitary function
Authors: Pomeraniec I. Jonathan , Taylor Davis G. , Cohen-Inbar Or , Xu Zhiyuan , Lee Vance Mary , Sheehan Jason P. 
Published: April 2019

OBJECTIVEGamma Knife radiosurgery (GKRS) provides a safe and effective management option for patients with all types of pituitary adenomas. The long-term adverse effects of targeted radiation to the hypothalamic-pituitary axis in relationship to radiation dose remain unclear. In this retrospective review, the authors investigated the role of differential radiation doses in predicting long-term clinical outcomes and pituitary function after GKRS for pituitary adenomas.METHODSA cohort of 236 patients with pituitary tumors (41.5% nonfunctioning, 58.5% functioning adenomas) was treated with GKRS between 1998 and 2015. Point dosimetric measurements, with no minimum volume, to 14 consistent points along the hypothalamus bilaterally, pituitary stalk, and normal pituitary were made. Statistical analyses were performed to determine the impact of doses to critical structures on clinical, radiological, and endocrine outcomes.RESULTSWith a median follow-up duration of 42.9 months, 18.6% of patients developed new loss of pituitary function. The median time to endocrinopathy was 21 months (range 2–157 months). The median dose was 2.1 Gy to the hypothalamus, 9.1 Gy to the pituitary stalk, and 15.3 Gy to the normal pituitary. Increasing age (p = 0.015, HR 0.98) and ratio of maximum dose to the pituitary stalk over the normal pituitary gland (p = 0.013, HR 0.22) were independent predictors of new or worsening hypopituitarism in the multivariate analysis. Sex, margin dose, treatment volume, nonfunctioning adenoma status, or ratio between doses to the pituitary stalk and hypothalamus were not significant predictors.CONCLUSIONSGKRS offers a low rate of delayed pituitary insufficiency for pituitary adenomas. Doses to the hypothalamus are low and generally do not portend endocrine deficits. Patients who are treated with a high dose to the pituitary stalk relative to the normal gland are at higher risk of post-GKRS endocrinopathy. Point dosimetry to specific neuroanatomical structures revealed that a ratio of stalk-to-gland radiation dose of 0.8 or more significantly increased the risk of endocrinopathy following GKRS. Improvement in the gradient index toward the stalk and normal gland may help preserve endocrine function.
Diagnóstico de prácticas de manejo agropecuario en el Cantón Bolívar
Authors: Ibarra Rosero Edison Marcelo , Chuquín Yépez Héctor Guillermo 
Published: April 2019

Para determinar las prácticas de manejo agropecuario que se desarrollan en el Cantón Bolívar perteneciente a la Cuenca Transfronteriza del Río Mira – Mataje, se seleccionó cinco rubros de mayor extensión según el III Censo Nacional Agropecuario del año 2002, siendo estos la arveja, fréjol, maíz, cebolla y ganadería. EL procesamiento de información se realizó utilizando un análisis descriptivo para las variables en estudio con un enfoque universalista. El historial de uso de suelo entre el año 2000 y 2013 muestra una importante rotación de cultivos con: arveja, maíz, fréjol, cebolla, trigo, papa, cebada, tomate, haba, entre otros. La cadena de comercialización de productos se encuentra centralizada en los intermediarios pero existe una importante participación en las ferias mayoristas. El 85 % de los productores no realizan análisis de suelo previo a la fertilización química y orgánica. El control de malezas se realiza en su mayoría a través de métodos químicos cuyos ingredientes activos son: triazina, glifosato, difenil éter, diclorofenil y linurón. El 86.80% de las labores de pre- paración de suelo utilizan tracción mecanizada. La semilla utilizada para la agricultura es proveniente de cultivos anteriores y es mayoritariamente desinfectada con “vitavax”, cuyo ingrediente activo es la oxatina. Existe un nulo uso de control biológico e integrado de plagas y enfermedades sobresaliendo el control químico y físico dependiente de la etapa del cultivo. El 100% de la cosecha se realiza de forma manual y tan solo el 70.40% realizan manejo poscosecha de sus productos. Más del 50% de los ganaderos utiliza la monta natural como método reproductivo, pero existe la presencia de prácticas biotecnológicas importantes como es la sincronización de celo e inseminación artificial. Tan solo el 30% de los ganaderos realiza el manejo de dese- chos reproductivos. El pastoreo es el sistema de alimentación más frecuente en el ganado bovino, mientas que el sistema estabulado y semi-estabulado es el más común en el ganado porcino. La dispersión y la permanencia de heces en el potrero son las principales técnicas de manejo de excretas en el cantón Bolívar. El 58.10% de los agricultores del Cantón Bolívar no recibe asistencia técnica. La baja asis- tencia técnica prestada está dirigida por parte de casas comerciales y de forma ocasional, con una nula capacitación en el área contable. La principal fuente de financiamiento de los agricultores es propia. Entre las principales limitantes de producción se denota el mercado, la capacitación y la sequía. La producción de hortalizas es considerada el principal plan productivo de los agricultores del cantón, seguido por la ganadería de leche.
Estrategias de emprendimiento social sostenible en zonas vulnerables del clúster de Cartagena, en jóvenes entre 15-17 años
Authors: Espinel Blanca Inés , Osorio Luis Alfonso 
Published: April 2019

El mundo ha cambiado últimamente en forma vertiginosa, las economías y la globalización dan un marco de dinámicas múltiples y complejas para la vida y la manutención. Las dife- rencias sociales son cada vez más evidentes, aparente menos evitables y más distantes. El papel inherente de los medios, la tecnología de la informática, las comunicaciones, y la trasformación del estado en la generación de oportunidad e igualdades, se suman a la rea- lidad de la vida contemporánea. El ser humano tiene que integrarse a este contexto donde las opciones, mas allá de que estén dadas, hay que forjarlas con una actitud proactiva y re- flexiva de ¿Cuáles serían las estrategias que se requiere para impulsar los emprendimientos en el Clúster Cartagena? Con esta investigación se pretende Diseñar estrategias de empren- dimiento social sostenible como herramienta innovadora de intervención en los Centros de desarrollo integral de zonas vulnerables de Cartagena, Arjona y Bocachica para jóvenes entre 15-17 años. Entre los objetivos específicos de la misma se buscó Identificar las varia- bles de emprendimiento social que han realizado las organizaciones en zonas vulnerables para la creación de empresas. Describir las herramientas existentes que impulsan y generar emprendimientos sociales en los jóvenes de 15 a 17 años en la zona y Elaborar las estrategias de emprendimiento inno- vador que permita el desarrollo de los jóvenes en poblaciones vulnerables. Se realizaron encuestas a los directores de las fundaciones y a una muestra del 34% de los jóvenes en estudio que apuntaban a descubrir los intereses de estos jóvenes y las proyeccio- nes de mejoras para los directivos de estas instituciones, obteniendo cifras muy significati- vas como un 3.1 % de iniciativas de emprendimiento en el clúster en los últimos cinco años.
Gestión hotelera en la comercialización de las ofertas y servicios empleando internet web 2.0 en la Ciudad de Tulcán
Authors: Miranda  Realpe Jorge Humberto , Patiño Hernández Luis , Caza Guevara José Edison 
Published: April 2019

La innovación y las nuevas tecnologías, han supuesto un fuerte cambio para el marketing de las empresas y en especial el sector Turístico y Hotelero. Herramientas como las redes sociales, los blogs y las comunidades online, permiten que los clientes ya no sean simples usuarios estáticos, sino más bien, se conviertan en clientes potenciales, mismos que nos pueden beneficiar enormemente en la promoción de nuestro sector turístico. El presente proyecto está encaminado a verificar mediante una metodología desarrollada la calidad de información que los hoteles de la ciudad de Tulcán realizan su marketing y publi- cidad de sus respectivas empresas, se las clasifica y se recomienda si es el caso se realice un cambio del sitio sugiriendo en forma completa y detallada, como se puede mejorar todos los productos y servicios que oferta el sector hotelero de la ciudad de Tulcán, con el fin de aumen- tar y promocionar nuestra cultura y por ende nuestro turismo a nivel nacional e internacional.
Analisa Kandungan Lemak, Protein dan Organoleptik Ilabulo Hati dan Ampela Ayam
Authors: Nadirah Sitti 
Published: April 2019

Makanan khas daerah merupakan jenis makanan yang biasa dinikmati di berbagai daerah. Ilabulo merupakan salah satu makanan tradisional di provinsi Gorontalo. Ilabulo sendiri dalam bahasa Gorontalo berarti sagu ati ampela, dimana bahan dasar pembuatan ilabulo adalah tepung sagu yang pada umumnya ditambahkan hati dan ampela ayam, Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kandungan gizi produk ilabulo dengan penambahan hati dan ampela ayam serta untuk mengetahui tingkat penerimaan panelis terhadap ilabulo dengan penambahan hati dan ampela ayam. Penelitian meliputi 4 perlakuan yaitu penambahan hati 0 g + ampela 0 g, penambahan hati 15 g + ampela 15 g, penambahan hati 25 g + ampela 25 gr, penambahan hati 50 gr + ampela 50 gr. Parameter yang diamati meliputi, kadar protein, kadar lemak dan uji organoleptik terhadap rasa, aroma, warna dan tekstur ilabulo. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa kadar protein dan kadar lemak tertinggi terdapat pada perlakuan penambahan hati 50 g + ampela 50 g dengan nilai 8,99% pada kadar protein, dan 2,4% pada kadar lemak. Hasil uji organoleptik metode hedonik, menunjukkan tingkat penerimaan terbaik terdapat pada perlakuan penambahan hati 50 g dan ampela 50 g, dari kriteria rasa, aroma, warna, dan tekstur.
دور نظام تخطيط موارد الوحدة الاقتصادية ( ERP) في تعزيز دقة الابلاغ المالي
Authors: سلمان عامر محمد , يوسف علي محمد 
Published: April 2019

في هذه الأيام, يعد اعتماد الوحدة الاقتصادية على دقة الابلاغ المالي أمراً غاية في الاهمية. ان تحتاج الوحدات الاقتصادية الى دقة الابلاغ المالي لتكون أكثر تنافسية ولتحسين أدائهم. كما يمكن أن تحقق الإدارة المعلومات المالية في الوقت الحقيقي من خلال تطبيق نظم تخطيط موارد الوحدة الاقتصادية. ومن شأن هذا النظام أن يسهل للإدارة الوصول لأحدث المعلومات مثل التخطيط, الرقابة وتقييم العمليات التجارية للوحدة الاقتصادية لتكون أكثر فاعلية. وفي الجانب العملي تم تطبيق نظام تخطيط موارد الوحدة الاقتصادية على الوحدة الاقتصادية العامة للزيوت النباتية لبيان دوره في تعزيز دقة الابلاغ المالي.وتوصل الباحثان الى عدة استنتاجات اهمها ان نظام تخطيط موارد الوحدة الاقتصادية يتميز عن الانظمة الاخرى بانة لا يقتصر تطبيقه داخل الوحدة الاقتصادية فحسب وانما يتعداها ليشمل انشطة خارجها. وان لنظم تخطيط موارد الوحدة الاقتصادية ارتباطا قوياً بدقة الابلاغ المالي. ومن اهم التوصيات التي توصل اليه البحث:
1-ضرورة اتمته نظام المعلومات المحاسبي للوحدة الاقتصادية في حالة تكامله مع نظام تخطيط موارد الوحدة الاقتصادية بقاعدة بيانات موحدة.
2-على الرغم من ارتفاع تكاليف استخدام نظام تخطيط موارد الوحدة الاقتصادية لكن نوصي باستخدامه لكونه يحقق الدقة في عملية الابلاغ المالي
دور بطاقة العلامات المتوازنة (BSC) و six sigma في تحسين الاداء الاستراتيجي دراسة استطلاعية لاراء عينة من منتسبي الشركة العامة للسمنت الشمالية
Authors: ثابت الاء وضاح 
Published: April 2019

ان لتقييم كفاءة الاداء اهمية بالغة في حاجة الادارة الى الرقابة والتخطيط والتقييم الدوري المستمر للانشطة المتعددة التي تمارسها الشركة العامة للسمنت الشمالية لمعرفة مستوى تحقيق الاهداف المرسومة وتقويم الانحرافات والتلكؤ التي يظهرها التقييم وتحديد المسؤولية، فما لا يمكن قياسه لا يمكن ادارته فهدف البحث الى ابراز اثر استخدام المؤشرات المتوازنة (BSC) المالية وغير المالية لاعطاء صورة واضحة وشاملة عن اداء الشركة وقياس مستوى جودة ادائها باستخدام six sigma ومستوى الانحرافات في تحقيق الاهداف المخططة لذا تم صياغة اربع فرضيات رئيسة للبحث هما الفرضية الرئيسة الاولى :هي توجد علاقة ارتباط بين العلامات المتوازنة ( (BSC مع الاداء الاستراتيجي، اما الفرضية الرئيسة الثانية: يوجد تأثير ذو دلالة معنوية لبطاقة العلامات المتوازنة ( (BSC مع الاداء الاستراتيجي، اما الفرضية الرئيسة الثالثة: توجد علاقة ارتباط بين six sigma مع الاداء الاستراتيجي،والفرضية الرئيسة الرابعة: يوجد تأثير ذو دلالة معنوية بين six sigma مع الاداء الاستراتيجي. وتوصل البحث الى عدة استنتاجات نظرية وعملية من اهمها ان العلامات المتوازنة اسلوب متكامل يسهم في دمج التصور المالي وغير المالي مع الاداء الاستراتيجي (التشغيلي والانتاجي) من اجل ضمان تحقيق استراتيجيات محددة والرقابة عليها بما يحقق الاهداف المرسومة وتقييم الاداء وتطويره في ضوء تلك الاهداف، وقد تبين من خلال التحليل الاحصائي لاستمارة الاستبانة ان هناك علاقة (ارتباط، تأثير) بين كل من بطاقة العلامات المتوازنة مع الاداء الاستراتيجي وكذلك اثبت التحليل وجود علاقة (ارتباط، تأثير) بين six sigma مع الاداء الاستراتيجي.