bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Responsiveness of Oral Health-Related Quality of Life Questionnaires to Dental Caries Interventions: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Aimée Nicole R. , Damé-Teixeira Nailê , Alves Luana Severo , Borges Gabriel Á. , Foster Page Lyndie , Mestrinho Heliana D. , Carvalho Joana Christina 
Published: July 2019

This systematic review and meta-analysis were undertaken to assess the responsiveness of validated oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) questionnaires to dental caries interventions in children, adolescents, and young adults. Studies eligible were randomized clinical trials (RCTs), controlled clinical trials (CCTs), and prospective case series (PCS), which had OHRQoL questionnaires answered before and after caries intervention(s). The main outcome was improvement in OHRQoL mean scores following caries intervention. Twenty-six studies were selected for the quality assessment and 14 were selected for the meta-analysis. Most of the studies were PCS with a single group pretest and posttest study design (<i>n</i> = 19). Five studies were CCT and only 2 were RCT. The numbers of participants were 3,522 in the control group (baseline = 2,002; final = 1,520) and 5,917 in the test group (baseline = 3,102; final = 2,815). The age of the subjects ranged from 3 to 19 years. All studies showed significant improvement in OHRQoL following caries intervention. Most of nonrandomized studies (<i>n</i> = 15) had low or moderate risk of bias. The meta-analysis showed the effect of caries interventions (standardized weighted mean differences = –1.24; 95% CI: –1.68 to –0.81; <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.001). However, high heterogeneity between the studies was found. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach classiﬁed the quality of evidence as very low and its strength weak. In conclusion, there is evidence that the OHRQoL of children and adolescents improved following caries intervention procedures, but the quality of the evidence was very low. In spite of that, caries interventions are highly recommended as abstaining from treatment is likely to result in a deterioration of OHRQoL.
Intensive Blood Pressure Reduction and Perihematomal Edema Expansion in Deep Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Authors: Leasure Audrey C. , Qureshi Adnan I. , Murthy Santosh B. , Kamel Hooman , Goldstein Joshua N. , Walsh Kyle B. , Woo Daniel , Shi Fu-Dong , Huttner Hagen B. , Ziai Wendy C. , Hanley Daniel F. , Matouk Charles C. , Sansing Lauren H. , Falcone Guido J. , Sheth Kevin N. 
Published: July 2019

Background and Purpose—
It is unknown whether blood pressure (BP) reduction influences secondary brain injury in spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). We tested the hypothesis that intensive BP reduction is associated with decreased perihematomal edema expansion rate (PHER) in deep ICH.

Methods—
We performed an exploratory analysis of the ATACH-2 randomized trial (Antihypertensive Treatment of Acute Cerebral Hemorrhage-2). Patients with deep, supratentorial ICH were included. PHER was calculated as the difference in perihematomal edema volume between baseline and 24-hour computed tomography scans divided by hours between scans. We used regression analyses to determine whether intensive BP reduction was associated with PHER and if PHER was associated with poor outcome (3-month modified Rankin Scale score 4–6). We then used interaction analyses to test whether specific deep location (basal ganglia versus thalamus) modified these associations.

Results—

Among 1000 patients enrolled in ATACH-2, 870 (87%) had supratentorial, deep ICH. Of these, 780 (90%) had neuroimaging data (336 thalamic and 444 basal ganglia hemorrhages). Baseline characteristics of the treatment groups remained balanced (
P
>0.2). Intensive BP reduction was associated with a decrease in PHER in univariable (β= −0.15; 95% CI, −0.26 to −0.05;
P
=0.007) and multivariable (β=−0.12; 95% CI, −0.21 to −0.02;
P
=0.03) analyses. PHER was not independently associated with outcome in all deep ICH (odds ratio, 1.14; 95% CI, 0.93–1.41;
P
=0.20), but this association was modified by the specific deep location involved (multivariable interaction
P
=0.02); in adjusted analyses, PHER was associated with poor outcome in basal ganglia (odds ratio, 1.42; 1.05–1.97;
P
=0.03) but not thalamic (odds ratio, 1.02; 95% CI, 0.74–1.40;
P
=0.89) ICH.

Conclusions—
Intensive BP reduction was associated with decreased 24-hour PHER in deep ICH. PHER was not independently associated with outcome in all deep ICH but was associated with poor outcome in basal ganglia ICH. PHER may be a clinically relevant end point for clinical trials in basal ganglia ICH.
Systematic review of textile-based electrodes for long-term and continuous surface electromyography recording
Authors: Guo Li , Sandsjö Leif , Ortiz-Catalan Max , Skrifvars Mikael 
Published: July 2019

This systematic review concerns the use of smart textiles enabled applications based on myoelectric activity. Electromyography (EMG) is the technique for recording and evaluating electric signals related to muscle activity (myoelectric). EMG is a well-established technique that provides a wealth of information for clinical diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment. Introducing sensor systems that allow for ubiquitous monitoring of health conditions using textile integrated solutions not only opens possibilities for ambulatory, long-term, and continuous health monitoring outside the hospital, but also for autonomous self-administration. Textile-based electrodes have demonstrated potential as a fully operational alternative to ‘standard’ Ag/AgCl electrodes for recording surface electromyography (sEMG) signals. As a substitute for Ag/AgCl electrodes fastened to the skin by taping or pre-gluing adhesive, textile-based electrodes have the advantages of being soft, flexible, and air permeable; thus, they have advantages in medicine and health monitoring, especially when self-administration, real-time, and long-term monitoring is required. Such advances have been achieved through various smart textile techniques; for instance, adding functions in textiles, including fibers, yarns, and fabrics, and various methods for incorporating functionality into textiles, such as knitting, weaving, embroidery, and coating. In this work, we reviewed articles from a textile perspective to provide an overview of sEMG applications enabled by smart textile strategies. The overview is based on a literature evaluation of 41 articles published in both peer-reviewed journals and conference proceedings focusing on electrode materials, fabrication methods, construction, and sEMG applications. We introduce four textile integration levels to further describe the various textile electrode sEMG applications reported in the reviewed literature. We conclude with suggestions for future work along with recommendations for the reporting of essential benchmarking information in current and future textile electrode applications.
Ultrasonic assessment of carotid intima-media thickness in migraine: a meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Qiao , Liu Zhen-Yu , Zhou Jia 
Published: July 2019

Objective Migraine is believed to be a risk factor for cerebrovascular diseases, and previous studies have indicated an association between migraine and cerebral atherosclerosis. Carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMT) is considered to be a biomarker of atherosclerosis pathology. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between carotid IMT and migraine by conducting a meta-analysis. Methods We searched Web of Science, PubMed, and the Cochrane Library for eligible studies assessing carotid IMT in patients with migraine and controls. Data were extracted independently by two reviewers and analyzed using Review Manager 5.3 software. Results The meta-analysis included seven articles with 555 subjects (279 migraine patients, 276 controls). Carotid IMT was significantly greater in patients with migraine compared with controls. However, there were no significant differences in IMT between patients with migraine with aura (MA) and controls, migraine without aura (MO) and controls, and patients with MA and MO. Conclusion Patients with migraine have greater carotid IMT than individuals without migraine, suggesting an association between atherosclerosis and migraine. However, further studies with more samples are needed to confirm this finding.
Gilbert Brown: A Prominent Australian Anaesthetist
Authors: Steven I. M. 
Published: July 2019

In 1930 Gilbert Brown was prominent in the South Australian Branch of the British Medical Association and instrumental in the establishment of a Section of Anaesthetics. He was elected the first President of this scientifically and academically orientated section. He became the first President of the Australian Society of Anaesthetists from 1934–1939. He is commemorated by the Society in the Gilbert Brown Award for major contribution to a subject or event of the Society. The Australian and New Zealand College of Anaesthetists awards the Gilbert Brown Prize to the contributor judged to have made the best contribution at each Annual Scientific Meeting.
Problem Nutrients in Adolescent Girls With Anemia Versus Nonanemic Adolescent Girls and the Optimized Food-Based Recommendations to Meet Adequacy of These Nutrients in Adolescent School Girls in East Java, Indonesia
Authors: Oy Sreymom , Witjaksono Fiastuty , Mustafa Annasari , Setyobudi Sugeng Iwan , Fahmida Umi 
Published: July 2019

Background: Inadequate intake of micronutrients in adolescence leads to high risk of nutritional anemia contributing to the intergenerational cycle of malnutrition. Objective: To compare problem nutrients in diet of girls with anemia and nonanemic girls and develop food-based recommendation (FBR) to prevent anemia (hemoglobin <12.0 g/dL) and micronutrient deficiencies among adolescent schoolgirls. Methods: Screening for anemia was conducted among 355 adolescent schoolgirls aged 15 to 18 years in East Java, Indonesia. Food consumption patterns were assessed from 69 girls with anemia and 78 nonanemic girls aged 15 to 18 years using two 24-hour dietary recalls and 5-day food records. Weighing is used to obtain food portion sizes. Linear Programming (LP) approach using Optifood was used to identify problem nutrient(s) and formulate FBRs. Results: Iron and calcium were problem nutrients among nonanemic girls, while iron, calcium, folate, and vitamin A were problem nutrients among anemic girls. Milk and liver were potential nutrient-dense foods identified to fill the nutrient gaps. Six FBRs would ensure the dietary adequacy for 9 of 12 nutrients except for iron, folate, and calcium. Conclusions: Anemic girls had more problem nutrients compared to their nonanemic counterparts. The FBRs developed using LP can meet adequacy of most nutrients except iron, folate, and calcium. Nutrient gap identified from LP analysis suggests that it is advisable to add a mixture of weekly iron and folate supplement for adolescent girls in order to meet adequacy of iron and folate to prevent anemia.
Till Death Do Us Part: Intersecting Health and Spousal Dementia Caregiving on Caregiver Mortality
Authors: Leggett Amanda N. , Sonnega Amanda J. , Lohman Matthew C. 
Published: July 2019

Objective: We consider whether it is the healthiest dementia caregivers who experience a mortality benefit and whether a protective association is consistent for leading causes of mortality. Method: Using the Health and Retirement study (2000-2012), Cox survival models predict time to death for dementia caregivers, including an interaction between dementia caregiver status and self-rated health. The nationally representative sample consisted of 10,650 married adults aged 51 or older (917 dementia caregivers). Results: A significant interaction between dementia caregiver status and self-rated health suggested that relative to noncaregivers, dementia caregivers had reduced mortality, with this effect particularly strong at lower levels of self-rated health. The protective effect of dementia caregiver status was consistent across death by heart disease, cancer, and cerebrovascular disease. Discussion: These findings add to a growing body of literature suggesting that caregiving may provide a mortality benefit and a reason to maintain health.
Cytokine Genetic Variants and Health-Related Quality of Life in Crohn’s Disease: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Knisely Mitchell R. , Conley Yvette P. , Szigethy Eva 
Published: July 2019

Background: Crohn’s disease (CD) is an inflammatory condition that has deleterious effects on patients’ health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Demographic, clinical, and psychosocial factors contribute to variability in HRQoL; however, the influence of genetic variations related to altered inflammatory responses in individuals with CD is unknown. This exploratory study compared HRQoL scores across genotypes of functional genetic polymorphisms in cytokine candidate genes among individuals with CD. Method: This study used data and blood samples collected in a parent study in 39 patients with CD aged 15−30 years. Participant reports of HRQoL were collected using the Shortened Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire (SIBDQ). Genetic data were collected for 18 functional polymorphisms in eight cytokine candidate genes. SIBDQ scores were compared among genotypes using one-way, between-subjects analysis of variance. Results: SIBDQ scores differed across genotypes as follows: for IL-1R2 rs4141134 scores differed for total SIBDQ ( p = .004) and systemic ( p = .011), emotion ( p = .038), and social domains ( p = .025); for IL-10 rs1878672, scores differed for total SIBDQ ( p = .031) and social domain ( p = .008); for NFKB2 rs1056890, scores differed for social domain ( p = .041); for TNF-α rs1800629, scores differed for total SIBDQ ( p = .001) and bowel ( p = .026), systemic ( p = .014), and social domains ( p = .045). Conclusions: Findings on differences in SIBDQ scores across functional genetic polymorphisms in cytokine genes suggest potential mechanisms that contribute to variability in HRQoL in adolescents and young adults with CD.
Concurrent validity and reliability of telerehabilitation-based physiotherapy assessment of cervical spine in adults with non-specific neck pain
Authors: Mani Suresh , Sharma Shobha , Singh Devinder KA 
Published: July 2019

Introduction The aim of this study was to determine the concurrent validity and reliability of telerehabilitation (TR)-based evaluation of the cervical spine among adults with non-specific neck pain (NS-NP). Methods A total of 11 participants with NS-NP were recruited. Pain intensity, active range of motion (AROM), posture, deep neck flexor (DNF) endurance, combined neck movements and disability were measured using face-to-face and TR methods, with a one-hour break in between. TelePTsys, an image-based TR system, was used for TR assessment. Results A high degree of concurrent validity for pain (bias = 0.90), posture (bias = 0.96°), endurance (bias = –2.3 seconds), disability (bias = 0.10), AROM (extension bias = –0.60 cm, flexion bias = 1.2 cm, side flexion bias = –1.00, rotation bias = –0.30 cm) was found. Standard error of measurement and coefficient of variation (CV) values were within the acceptable level for concurrent validity, except the CV for cervical flexion and endurance. There was a high degree of reliability demonstrated for pain, posture, AROM, endurance and disability measurements. The average-measure interclass correlation coefficient (ICC(3,1)) ranged from 0.96 to 0.99 for inter-rater, and 0.93 to 0.99 for intra-rater reliabilities. There was moderate agreement for combination movement for validity (78.5%, p < 0.05), inter- (78.5%, p < 0.05) and intra-rater (76.4%, p < 0.05) reliabilities. Discussion TR-based physiotherapy assessment of cervical spine is a valid and reliable tool for measuring pain intensity, AROM, DNF muscle endurance, sagittal neck posture and disability among adults with NS-NP via telePTsys.
In favour of tobacco control? Former smokers’ support for tobacco policies
Authors: Sohlberg Tove 
Published: July 2019

Background: Tobacco control (TC) in Sweden is being continuously strengthened. Aims: The study aimed to examine attitudes towards different TC policies among former smokers, the difference between nicotine-free former smokers and those who use nicotine in the form of snus or nicotine replacement therapies (NRTs), and whether different TC strategies tend to become more acceptable over time. Methods: Respondents are part of a seven-year follow-up of former smokers in Sweden. Initially, 1400 respondents were contacted regarding participation and 705 answered a survey (response rate 50%). The present study used cross-sectional data on attitudes towards different TC policies and respondent’s level of support were measured on a 4-point scale. Analyses consist of percentage distribution of level of agreement, in total and between nicotine-free individuals and users of nicotine in the form of snus or NRTs, as well as logistic regressions in order to predict the odds for supporting the different policies. In addition, a percentage distribution of support for different policies introduced during different time-periods is shown. Results: There is an overall support for smoke-free environments. Nicotine users are, however, overall slightly more opposed, especially to policies aiming at denormalising smoking. Public support is important for successful implementation but resistance can pass, and interventions tend to become more acceptable over time. Conclusion: While smoke-free indoor environments can be justified by scientific evidence of harm to others, bans against smoking outdoors might be experienced as intrusive. Policies need to rest on scientific arguments and be seen as appropriate actions, underlining the importance of information for successful implementations.
Suicidal and self-harm presentations to Emergency Departments: The challenges of identification through diagnostic codes and presenting complaints
Authors: Sveticic Jerneja , Stapelberg Nicholas CJ , Turner Kathryn 
Published: July 2019

Background: The accuracy of data on suicide-related presentations to Emergency Departments (EDs) has implications for the provision of care and policy development, yet research on its validity is scarce. Objective: To test the reliability of allocation of ICD-10 codes assigned to suicide and self-related presentations to EDs in Queensland, Australia. Method: All presentations due to suicide attempts, non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) and suicidal ideation between 1 July 2017 and 31 December 2017 were reviewed. The number of presentations identified through relevant ICD-10-AM codes and presenting complaints in the Emergency Department Information System were compared to those identified through an application of an evolutionary algorithm and medical record review (gold standard). Results: A total of 2540 relevant presentations were identified through the gold standard methodology. Great heterogeneity of ICD-10-AM codes and presenting complaints was observed for suicide attempts (40 diagnostic codes and 27 presenting complaints), NSSI (27 and 16, respectively) and suicidal ideation (38 and 34, respectively). Relevant ICD codes applied as primary or secondary diagnosis had very low sensitivity in detecting cases of suicide attempts (18.7%), NSSI (38.5%) and suicidal ideation (42.3%). A combination of ICD-10-AM code and a relevant presenting complaint increased specificity, however substantially reduced specificity and positive predictive values for all types of presentations. ED data showed bias in detecting higher percentages of suicide attempts by Indigenous persons (10.1% vs. 6.9%) or by cutting (28.1% vs. 10.3%), and NSSI by female presenters (76.4% vs. 67.4%). Conclusion: Suicidal and self-harm presentations are grossly under-enumerated in ED datasets and should be used with caution until a more standardised approach to their formulation and recording is implemented.
Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation for patients with catheter ablation for persistent atrial fibrillation: A randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Kato Michitaka , Ogano Michio , Mori Yuji , Kochi Kaito , Morimoto Daisuke , Kito Kazuya , Green Fumi Nihei , Tsukamoto Toshiya , Kubo Akira , Takagi Hisato , Tanabe Jun 
Published: July 2019

Aims The efficacy and safety of cardiac rehabilitation for patients with persistent atrial fibrillation who restored sinus rhythm after catheter ablation remains unclear. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of cardiac rehabilitation on exercise capacity, inflammatory status, cardiac function, and safety in patients with persistent atrial fibrillation who had catheter ablation. Methods In this randomized controlled study, 61 patients treated with catheter ablation for persistent atrial fibrillation (male, 80%; mean age, 66 ± 9 years) were analyzed. Thirty patients underwent cardiac rehabilitation (rehabilitation group), whereas the remaining 31 patients received usual care (usual care group). The rehabilitation group underwent endurance and resistance training with moderate intensity, at least three times per week for six months. Six-minute walk distance, muscle strength, serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, plasma pentraxin 3, left ventricular ejection fraction and atrial fibrillation recurrence were assessed at baseline and at six-month follow-up. Results In the rehabilitation group, significant increases in the six-minute walk distance, handgrip strength, leg strength and left ventricular ejection fraction and significant decreases in high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and plasma pentraxin 3 concentrations were observed at six-month follow-up compared with baseline (all p < 0.05). No significant changes were observed in the usual care group. During the six-month follow-up period, the number of patients with atrial fibrillation recurrence was six (21.4%) in the rehabilitation group and eight (25.8%) in the usual care group (risk ratio, 0.83; 95% confidence interval, 0.33 to 2.10). Conclusions Cardiac rehabilitation improved exercise capacity without increasing the risk for atrial fibrillation recurrence. It may also be effective in managing systemic inflammatory status and systolic left ventricular function in patients with persistent atrial fibrillation treated with catheter ablation.