bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative Analysis of the Morphological Traits of Cucumis melo Seed Remains Discovered in the Graveyard of the Haihun Marquis in Nanchang and Modern C. melo Seeds Using Scanning Electron Microscopy
Authors: Zhao Zhiqiang , Zhao Yujiao , Lu Jimei , Liu Weiwei , Jiang Lu , Zha Liangping , Peng Huasheng 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe graveyard of the Haihun Marquis in Nanchang is the largest and best‐preserved Han Dynasty mausoleum discovered in China. Within the tomb's beam bank (M1), archaeologists have uncovered a variety of plant remains, such as melon seeds, the traits and origins of which warrant timely investigation. Cucumis melo L. has a long history of being cultivated and consumed in China. In this study, macroscopic identification techniques, scanning electron microscopy, and cluster analyses of the seeds of ancient C. melo and 16 varieties of modern melons (9 with thick skin, 6 with thin skin, and 1 thick/thin‐skinned hybrid) were performed to compare their morphological trait indexes and seed coat ultrastructures. Through the measurement of various morphological parameters (length, width, upper one‐third width, lower one‐third width, thickness, and surface area) of each type of melon seed and subsequent cluster analysis of the morphological data, the ancient melon was determined to belong to the same cluster as the C. melo varieties “Lvbao”, “Huangpi”, “Boyang No. 9”, “Malianzhuang”, “Yangjiaomi”, and “Zhimami”, exhibiting the closest affinity to the thin‐skinned types, particularly “Huangpi”, “Malianzhuang”, and “Zhimami”. Scanning electron microscopy analysis of the epidermal ultrastructure revealed that the reticulated morphology of the seed coat of the ancient melon closely resembled that of the thin‐skinned melon. Consequently, we hypothesize that the melon seeds excavated from the graveyard of the Haihun Marquis belong to the thin‐skinned type of melon.
Distinct clinical characteristics of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis with asymmetrical ESR1 expression in paraspinal muscle progenitor cells
Authors: Xin Hanlong , Sui Wenyuan , Mao Wenhua , Yang Junlin , Shao Xiexiang 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundPrevious studies found decreased ESR1 expression of concave paraspinal muscle progenitor cells could contribute to the initiation and progression of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). The current study investigated the clinical characteristics of AIS with asymmetrical ESR1 expression in paraspinal muscle progenitor cells.Materials and MethodsBilateral deep paraspinal muscle progenitor cells were obtained from 25 consecutive eligible female patients with AIS. RT‐qPCR was performed to evaluate the expression of ESR1. The demographic data (the age at surgery, height, weight, BMI, and age at initiation), posteroanterior and lateral radiographs data (Risser sign, Cobb angle, apical vertebral rotation, and location of apical vertebra), and MR imaging data (bilateral paraspinal muscle CSA ratio and bilateral fatty component ratio) were collected. The correlation between asymmetrical ESR1 expression of paraspinal muscle progenitor cells and the aforementioned clinical characteristics were analyzed.ResultsTwelve out of twenty‐five patients (48%) showed bilateral ESR1 expression ratio (convex/concave) more than 1.5 folds, and they were divided into the ESR1 asymmetry group. When compared with the ESR1 symmetry group, patients in the ESR1 asymmetry group showed significantly more severe scoliosis (p = 0.041), more hypoplastic concave paraspinal muscle (p = 0.015), and more muscular fatty infiltration in the concave side (p = 0.034). The bilateral ESR1 expression ratio was significantly correlated with Cobb angle (r2 = 0.282, p = 0.006), bilateral paraspinal muscle CSA ratio (r2 = 0.253, p = 0.011), and bilateral fatty component ratio (r2 = 0.248, p = 0.011).ConclusionThere were 48% of AIS patients with significantly decreased ESR1 expression in concave paraspinal muscle progenitor cells (convex/concave>1.5 folds), while patients with more asymmetrical ESR1 expression showed more hypoplastic paraspinal muscle and fatty infiltration on the concave side, and more severe scoliotic deformity.
Critical Assessment of Clean‐up Procedures Used for Gas Chromatography‐Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Pesticide Residues in Cannabis Inflorescence
Authors: Mraz Petr , Drabova Lucie , Stupak Michal , Schusterova Dana , Kocourek Vladimir , Hajslova Jana 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTAccurate analysis of pesticide residues in such a complex matrix as cannabis is a challenging task. The aim of this study was to find an optimal way of removing abundant matrix co‐extracts from Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged, and Safe extract prior to its analysis by gas chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry (GC‐MS/MS). Out of the seven procedures tested, clean‐up with Supel QuE Verde sorbent provided the most satisfactory performance characteristics for 277 targeted pesticides, which is the highest number of these analytes ever investigated within a GC‐MS‐based study focused on cannabis. The criteria set in the SANTE/11312/2021 V2 document were considered to assess the results obtained within the method validation. Recoveries in the range of 70%–120% with repeatability ≤20% were obtained for 219 and 114 pesticides at spiking levels of 0.1 and 0.01 mg/kg, respectively. For a deeper insight into the function of tested sorbents and to understand the effects of interfering matrix co‐extracts, the two‐dimensional GC coupled with the time‐of‐flight MS method was employed for the analysis of all purified extracts. Co‐eluting major phytocannabinoids and free fatty acids were shown to be responsible for high “chemical noise”, increasing limits of quantification of pesticides at respective retention times. Since cannabis chemotypes fairly differ in phytocannabinoid content, the matrix effects, thus performance characteristics, may vary. Under such conditions, validation is recommended for different cannabis chemotypes.
Vitamin D in patients with psoriasis compared with healthy individuals or with other diseases: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Castellanos Bruny Carolina Llamas , Ortíz Wanderley Augusto Arias 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundPsoriasis is a chronic skin disorder characterized by the accelerated proliferation of keratinocytes, which leads to the formation of scaly plaques and a chronic inflammatory response. Vitamin D is an inhibitor of dendritic cells acting as an immune modulator; therefore, vitamin D deficiency could explain the increased incidence of psoriasis for the reduction of anti‐inflammatory activity.ObjectivesTo compare serum 25‐hydroxy vitamin D levels in patients with psoriasis and healthy individuals.MethodsA systematic review of the literature and meta‐analysis was performed by searching PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, Lilacs, Ovid and ProQuest databases to find the best available evidence from 2013 to 2024. We also conducted a snowballing literature search to expand the included studies. The methodological quality and risk of bias were assessed through the Newcastle–Ottawa scale. A random effect meta‐analysis model was applied.ResultsA total of 27 articles were included in the systematic review of these three cross‐sectional studies included in the first meta‐analysis, the synthesized standardized mean difference (SMD) in serum vitamin D between psoriatic arthritis and psoriasis was −0.13 (95% CI [−0.46, 0.20], p = 0.45). The second meta‐analysis included two case controls, the synthesized SMD in serum vitamin D between psoriasis and controls was −0.71 (95% CI [−0.85, −0.57], p = 0.00).ConclusionsNo difference in vitamin D levels between psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis was found. Psoriasis patients have lower vitamin D levels than the general population. However, further studies are essential to understand how vitamin D levels contribute to the pathogenesis of psoriasis or vice versa and its role in severity.
RNA Methyltransferase NSUN5 Promotes Esophageal Cancer via 5‐Methylcytosine Modification of METTL1
Authors: Cui Yuanbo , Hu Zhaoyang , Zhang Chunyan 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTAberrant RNA modifications can drive carcinogenic transformation and tumor progression, with 5‐methylcytosine (m5C) emerging as one of the predominant RNA modifications in eukaryotic cells. However, the function and molecular mechanisms of m5C in esophageal cancer (ESCA) remain insufficiently defined. Here we report that the m5C methyltransferase NOP2/Sun domain family member 5 (NSUN5) is significantly upregulated in ESCA tumors and shows promising diagnostic potential. Functionally, knockdown of NSUN5 impairs the proliferation capacity of ESCA cells and arrests cell cycle at the G0/G1 phase, while enforced expression of NSUN5 accelerates ESCA progression. In vivo, deficiency of NSUN5 significantly reduces tumor growth in a cell‐based xenograft mouse model. Mechanistically, NSUN5 correlates with the oncogenic methyltransferase like 1 (METTL1), positively regulating its expression; NSUN5 binds directly to the METTL1 transcript, facilitating its m5C modification in ESCA cells. Additionally, overexpression of METTL1 effectively counteracts the tumor‐suppressive effects resulting from NSUN5 ablation in both in vitro and in vivo settings. A comprehensive pan‐cancer analysis further underscores NSUN5's essential role in digestive system tumors, with downregulation of NSUN5 notably inhibiting gastric and colon cancer cell growth. These findings provide new insights into epigenetic regulation in ESCA and propose the NSUN5/METTL1 axis as a promising therapeutic target for this malignancy.
A Multi‐Objective Optimization for Determination of Sustainable Crop Pattern Using Game Theory
Authors: Ganjali Narges , Guney Caner 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTAmid growing concerns about environmental sustainability in agriculture, this study explores the potential of a game‐theoretic approach to identify and implement sustainable crop patterns in the Marvdasht–Kherameh sub‐basin, Iran. Employing a cooperative game‐theoretic framework, the study considers farmers, environmental advocates and policymakers as stakeholders with distinct objectives: maximising profit, minimising environmental pollution and optimising water consumption. This research aims to develop and apply a comprehensive model that effectively integrates these diverse objectives, proposing practical, sustainable agricultural strategies for the region. The game‐theoretic model is integrated with data analysis and optimization techniques to identify Pareto‐optimal solutions that balance the competing objectives of stakeholders with vested interest. The advantage of this approach is its ability to produce a robust, spatially visualised solution using GIS‐based mapping, which improves communication and aids in implementing sustainable crop patterns. Using regression models, an equilibrium point, defined as the intersection of the three polynomial regression models representing profit, nitrate fertiliser amount and water consumption objectives is identified. The optimised crop pattern corresponding to this equilibrium point is determined using a single‐objective optimization model. Key findings include a 40% reduction in wheat cultivation and significant increases in barley (143%) and paddy rice (113%), leading to enhanced resource efficiency and sustainability by optimising water and nitrate fertiliser use. The results offer significant benefits, including detailed spatial visualisation and stakeholder‐specific optimization for sustainable crop patterns, which can be adapted to other agricultural regions facing similar challenges.
Role of next‐generation sequencing in revolutionizing healthcare for cancer management
Authors: Sahoo Om Saswat , Aidasani Hiya , Nayek Arnab , Tripathi Smita , Talukdar Joyeeta , Gul Anamta , Kumar Deepak , Dhar Ruby , Karmakar Subhradip 
Published: November 2024

AbstractNext‐generation sequencing (NGS) has emerged as a transformative technology in oncology, revolutionizing cancer diagnostics and personalized treatment strategies. By providing comprehensive insights into the genetic landscape of tumors, NGS enables the identification of critical somatic and germline mutations, copy number variations (CNVs), and gene fusions. Over the past decade, advancements in NGS platforms have led to greater accuracy, speed, and cost‐effectiveness, making it an integral part of cancer research and clinical diagnostics. Despite its widespread adoption, significant challenges remain, including the need for improved methods to detect minimal residual disease (MRD) and accurately profile tumor heterogeneity. This review explores the evolution of NGS technologies and their pivotal role in cancer biology, from early diagnostics to therapeutic guidance. It delves into the application of NGS in identifying CNVs and gene fusions, monitoring MRD, and the increasing relevance of targeted NGS and spatial genomics. Furthermore, the integration of spatial transcriptomics is highlighted as a frontier in understanding the tumor microenvironment. By addressing these critical aspects, this review provides a comprehensive overview of how NGS is shaping the future of cancer research and treatment, offering a complete overview of potential NGS applications in scientific and clinical oncology.
Enhancing multivariate post‐processed visibility predictions utilizing Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service forecasts
Authors: Lakatos Mária , Baran Sándor 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn our contemporary era, meteorological weather forecasts increasingly incorporate ensemble predictions of visibility—a parameter of great importance in aviation, maritime navigation, and air quality assessment, with direct implications for public health. However, this weather variable falls short of the predictive accuracy achieved for other quantities issued by meteorological centers. Therefore, statistical post‐processing is recommended to enhance the reliability and accuracy of predictions. By estimating the predictive distributions of the variables with the aid of historical observations and forecasts, one can achieve statistical consistency between true observations and ensemble predictions. Visibility observations, following the recommendation of the World Meteorological Organization, are typically reported in discrete values; hence, the predictive distribution of the weather quantity takes the form of a discrete parametric law. Recent studies demonstrated that the application of classification algorithms can successfully improve the skill of such discrete forecasts; however, a frequently emerging issue is that certain spatial and/or temporal dependencies could be lost between marginals. Based on visibility ensemble forecasts of the European Centre for Medium‐Range Weather Forecasts for 30 locations in Central Europe, we investigate whether the inclusion of Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS) predictions of the same weather quantity as an additional covariate could enhance the skill of the post‐processing methods and whether it contributes to the successful integration of spatial dependence between marginals. Our study confirms that post‐processed forecasts are substantially superior to raw and climatological predictions, and the utilization of CAMS forecasts provides a further significant enhancement both in the univariate and multivariate setup. We also demonstrate that post‐processing significantly improves the predictions of low visibility events, which opens the door for aeronautical applications.
Classification of Physical Activity Programs Based on the Kellgren & Lawrence Scale for Knee Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review
Authors: Canzone Alberto , Roggio Federico , Patti Antonino , Giustino Valerio , Mannucci Carmen , Di Mauro Debora , Musumeci Giuseppe , Bianco Antonino , Trimarchi Fabio 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionKnee osteoarthritis is a common orthopaedic disease, is the leading cause of disability in the elderly, and can lead to pain, loss of function, and reduced quality of life. This research aims to determine how PA programs can be effectively classified and customised to align with the stages of knee OA according to the KL classification.ObjectiveThe research aims to fill the gap in understanding the relationship between the type and intensity of PA and the stages of OA as defined by the KL classification.Materials and MethodsA systematic search was performed using PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases. This review included different types of studies published after January 1, 2013.ResultsTwo thousand one hundred and thirty‐six were picked up and only nine articles met the inclusion criteria. The beneficial effects of exercise were found in the function of the joints, pain, and quality of life. Aerobic, isometric, and resistance training showed positive effects and presented improvements in physical function, quality of life, and pain.ConclusionThe exercise programs appear to be both safe and effective in subjects with knee osteoarthritis with regard to quality of life, pain, and knee function.Trial Registration: PROSPERO registration number: CRD42024550463
LINE‐1 hypomethylation characterizes the inflammatory response in coeliac disease associated‐intestinal mucosa and small bowel adenocarcinomas
Authors: Libera Laura , Vanoli Alessandro , Sahnane Nora , Adnan Muhammad , Guerini Camilla , Arpa Giovanni , Bianchi Paola Ilaria , Lenti Marco Vincenzo , Corazza Gino Roberto , La Rosa Stefano , Di Sabatino Antonio , Furlan Daniela 
Published: November 2024

AbstractLong interspersed nuclear elements 1 (LINE‐1) are the most abundant and the only autonomous mobile elements in the human genome. When their epigenetic repression is removed, it can lead to disease, such as autoimmune diseases and cancer. Coeliac disease (CeD) is an immune‐mediated disease triggered by an abnormal T‐cell response to dietary gluten and a predisposing condition of small bowel adenocarcinoma (SBA), frequently characterized by epigenetic alterations. The aim of this work was to assess LINE‐1 methylation by bisulphite pyrosequencing and NanoString® gene transcription analysis in 38 CeD‐SBAs compared with 25 SBAs associated with Crohn's disease (CrD‐SBAs) and 25 sporadic SBAs (S‐SBA). Both analyses were also performed in duodenal mucosae from 12 untreated CeD patients (UCD) and 19 treated CeD patients (TCD), and in 11 samples of normal intestinal mucosa to better investigate the role of LINE‐1 deregulation in CeD and in CeD‐SBA. A significant loss of LINE‐1 methylation was observed in CeD‐SBAs and in mucosae from UCD patients (with very similar methylation levels) compared with controls. By contrast, a restoration of normal LINE‐1 methylation levels was found in TCD mucosae after a strict gluten‐free diet. LINE‐1 hypomethylation does not lead to expression of ORF1 and ORF2, with the only exception being for one CeD‐SBA. The expression analysis of enzymes modulating DNA methylation and inflammatory genes confirmed that CeD‐SBA shared a very similar expression profile of UCD mucosae showing a strong upregulation of genes involved in inflammation, immune response, and T‐cell activity compared with TCD mucosae. For the first time, this work demonstrates that loss of DNA methylation is an intrinsic epigenetic feature of CeD, accompanying the immune response as a reversible mechanism in patients following a strict gluten‐free diet, and suggests the possible role of LINE‐1 hypomethylation in promoting cell adaptability during the gliadin‐related inflammatory process. © 2024 The Author(s). The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Pediatric postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome: From mechanisms to individualized management
Authors: Xu Wenrui , Jin Hongfang , Liao Ying , Du Junbao 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPostural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) represents chronic orthostatic intolerance. Patients usually suffer from presyncopal symptoms, such as lightheadedness, headache, blurred vision, and fatigue. Central hypovolemia, peripheral vascular dysfunction, and a hyperadrenergic state may contribute to the pathogenesis of POTS. It is necessary to comprehensively assess the clinical characteristics, physiological changes, and biochemical markers to select an appropriate therapy. Since the introduction of the concept of individualized treatment for POTS, great progress has been made in the field.
Enhancing friction with additively manufactured surface‐textured polymer composites
Authors: Islam Sabrina , Beschorner Kurt , Bagheri Z. Shaghayegh 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIncreasing rubber's friction on slippery surfaces provides protection against falls; however, surface‐textured composites, despite their potential, remain susceptible to wear. To address this issue, part of our team previously patented a surface‐textured composite made from thermoplastic polymers and microfibers. This study investigates the impact of manufacturing processes and 2D filler, which are known for their hydrophobicity and large surface area. It enhances our patented composite by integrating 2D graphene nanoplatelets (GNP), hexagonal boron nitride (hBN), and fillers like styrene‐butadiene‐styrene (SEBS), and silica, while comparing the properties of composites fabricated via injection molding (IM) and fused filament fabrication (FFF). The results demonstrate that 2D fillers enhance both abrasion resistance and ice friction, while FFF‐fabricated composites consistently exhibit superior properties across all compositions. Notably, hBN‐reinforced samples exhibited hierarchical surface texturing, leading to enhanced abrasion resistance (FFF: 146.63% ± 3.39%; IM: 133.83% ± 6.8%; p = 0.036), and effective ice traction (FFF: 0.58 ± 0.04; IM: 0.54 ± 0.06; p = 0.043). These outperformed ice‐traction properties of all other FFF‐fabricated composites, including a previously patented composite (0.52 ± 0.05) as well as composites with GNP (0.53 ± 0.02), SEBS (0.42 ± 0.05), and hBN + SEBS (0.45 ± 0.02). Additionally, the patented composite produced via FFF exhibited moderate oil traction (0.121 ± 0.001), outperforming others. This study highlights the potential of FFF and 2D fillers to enhance traction and durability in composites.Highlights
Surface‐textured composite introduced via additive manufacturing.
Abrasion resistance and friction analysis on icy and oily conditions.
Reveals the potential for new composite to improve traction and longevity.
Highlights the importance of controlled fiber distribution and orientation.