bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Isolation, characterization and purification of Rhizobium strain to enrich the productivity of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)
Authors: Hossain Akbar , Gunri Sunil Kumar , Barman Manashi , Sabagh Ayman EL , Teixeira da Silva Jaime A. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is an important food legume in tropical and subtropical areas because of its ability to adapt to a wide range of agro-climatic regions. Groundnut is usually cultivated in nutrient-poor soil and rain-fed conditions, so average yield tends to be very low relative to potential yield. Even though the nitrogen (N) requirement of groundnut is much higher than cereals due to its high protein content, it has the capacity to meet 60-80% of N-based requirements through symbiotic N fixation via its root nodules. In its symbiotic relationship with legumes, Rhizobium fixes N, thereby positively impacting the content of this nutrient. This study aimed to isolate, characterize and purify microbial strains of Rhizobium specific to groundnut in a bid to increase this legume’s productivity. The research was conducted in the AICRP-Groundnut laboratory and greenhouse of the Directorate of Research, BCKV, in Kalyani, India during October 2016 to March 2017. Two Rhizobium isolates (RhBC and NRA1) were isolated and selected from groundnut pot cultures. After 45 days, NRA1 produced higher plant biomass, longer roots and shoots, more nodules and higher nodule dry weight than RhBC. NRA1 was selected for a future field trial. The two isolated microbial strains will aid in the screening of additional local isolates to test their effectiveness when co-cultured with local groundnut cultivars to increase yield in soil with low fertility.
Transforming Representation: Jacques Derrida and the End of Christianity
Authors: Koci Martin 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The central question of this paper revolves around the problem of representation. Following Jacques Derrida and his critique of representation, this paper will interconnect two, at first sight distinct, topics: Christianity and the world of media. For Derrida, Christianity stands behind our common understanding of representation, whereas the media are the major driving force of any representation today. The central argument of this paper is to unfold this link between Christianity and representation and thus to elaborate on the idea of representation in relation to the end of Christianity announced by Derrida. Firstly, I will review Derrida’s account on the logic of representation. Derrida deems Christianity to be responsible for the logic of representation discernible in today’s media world and offers a devastating critique of the concept. Secondly, I will contextualize Derrida’s approach by pointing out the tension between the modern and postmodern perspectives on representation. Thirdly, I will return to a close reading of Derrida. Fourthly, I will offer a critique of Derrida’s critique and will look further at the possible meanings of ‘the end of Christianity.’
Antimicrobial gelatin/sericin/clay films for packaging of hygiene products
Authors: Purwar Roli , Verma Anjali , Batra Radhika 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
In this study we have prepared flexible gelatin/sericin/clay blend films for packaging applications of hygiene products. Gelatin/sericin (3:1, 1:1 and 1:3 w/w ratios) films were prepared using glutaraldehyde as a crosslinking agent and glycerol as a plasticizer by the solution casting method. The concentrations of gelatin and sericin were optimized on the basis of their mechanical properties. Closite 30B and copper-modified montmorillonite clay (with concentration of 1–5%) were incorporated into the optimized gelatin/sericin blend films in order to improve the mechanical and antimicrobial properties. The water vapor transmission rate of the film samples was also studied. The soil burial test showed very good biodegradability of the blends films. The antimicrobial testing revealed efficient activity of these blend films against Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) bacteria. Hence, on the basis of the above-mentioned properties, these films can be considered as promising candidates for packaging of hygiene maintenance products.
Targetsalden und andere Risiken in der Europäischen Währungsunion
Authors: van Suntum Ulrich 
Published: July 2019

Zusammenfassung
Über die Bedeutung von Targetsalden streiten deutsche Ökonomen seit Jahren erbittert. Martin Hellwig hat in Heft 4/2018 der PWP seine Sicht der Dinge ausführlich dargelegt. Demnach ist es verfehlt, Targetsalden als Risikoposition in den Zentralbankbilanzen der Überschussländer zu interpretieren. Die insbesondere von Hans-Werner Sinn vorgetragenen Sorgen wegen des hohen deutschen Targetsaldos beruhten auf falschen bzw. überholten Vorstellungen der volkswirtschaftlichen Zusammenhänge. In dem vorliegenden Beitrag widerspricht Ulrich van Suntum dieser Einschätzung. Er wirft Hellwig vor, betriebs- und volkswirtschaftliche Sichtweisen zu verwechseln und die geldtheoretischen Zusammenhänge zu verkennen. Auch habe er die Diskussion der Problematik unter den Hauptkontrahenten zu wenig rezipiert, obwohl diese zu einem weitgehenden Konsens in wichtigen Fragen geführt habe. Im Ergebnis sei Sinn und dessen Koautoren, nicht aber Hellwigs Gegenposition weitestgehend zuzustimmen.
Chelators and metal complex stability for radiopharmaceutical applications
Authors: Okoye Nkemakonam C. , Baumeister Jakob E. , Najafi Khosroshahi Firouzeh , Hennkens Heather M. , Jurisson Silvia S. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Diagnostic and therapeutic nuclear medicine relies heavily on radiometal nuclides. The most widely used and well-known radionuclide is technetium-99m (99mTc), which has dominated diagnostic nuclear medicine since the advent of the 99Mo/99mTc generator in the 1960s. Since that time, many more radiometals have been developed and incorporated into potential radiopharmaceuticals. One critical aspect of radiometal-containing radiopharmaceuticals is their stability under in vivo conditions. The chelator that is coordinated to the radiometal is a key factor in determining radiometal complex stability. The chelators that have shown the most promise and are under investigation in the development of diagnostic and therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals over the last 5 years are discussed in this review.
Radiochemical neutron activation analysis for the determination of selenium in Mentha spicata L. samples collected from Djelfa, Algeria region
Authors: Messaoudi Mohammed , Begaa Samir 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Selenium (Se) has been a focus of attention as an important micronutrient with its impact on human health, with there being consequences either due to excess or deficiency in intake. Radiochemical neutron activation analysis (RNAA) is well established method for determination of a number of elements at trace level concentrations with high sensitivities. In this work, we used the RNAA method for determination of selenium content in Mentha spicata L. The result of this study was compared with those samples from India and Serbia. The result obtained show that, Se concentration obtained in M. spicata L., is close to the minimal FAO recommendation.
Exploring polyvinyl alcohol – nickel sulphate composite film for absorbed dose monitoring
Authors: Fahim Essam , Bekhit Mohamad , Sobhy Asmaa , Ali Zakaria I. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
In the current study, we employ the polyvinyl alcohol doped with nickel sulphate (PVA-Ni+2) as a new film for monitoring the absorbed dose in radiation processing facility. The effect of irradiation doses on the structure of PVA-Ni+2 composite films was analyzed through Fourier transform infrared and X-ray diffraction techniques. The PVA-Ni+2 composite films have a response curve that extends from 5 to 60 kGy and labeling character figured through color change from pale green to intense purple color on exposing to gamma photons. Although the films are dose rate dependent, the films have excellent post stability.
Research advances on process systems integration and process safety in China
Authors: Yang Siyu , Feng Xiao , Liu Linlin , Zhang Zhanpeng , Deng Chun , Du Jian , Zhao Jinsong , Qian Yu 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Process systems engineering research focuses on the planning, design, operation, and safety of process systems rather than unit operations. In response to the rapid growth of the chemical process industry in the last 20 years in China, advanced system integration and process safety technologies are investigated and applied for better resource utilization, less environmental impact, and safer working places. In this regard, the review in this article consists of four main achievements: (1) process synthesis, (2) energy system integration, (3) water system integration, and (4) process safety management. The purpose of process synthesis and integration is to improve resource and energy utilization, at the same time lowering by-products and emissions. Optimization is conducted on process structure and operation, following the principles of resource coupling and energy cascade utilization. Typical examples are coupling of coal and hydrogen-rich resources and integration of coal-based polygeneration process of chemicals, electricity, and heat. Energy integration implements the coordinated optimization of total site energy systems. Reviews are made on specific methodologies based on the thermodynamics and applications of design and retrofit in ethylene, oil refining, and synthetic ammonia industries. There are energy savings by 10%–20% and yields increasing by 20%–30%. In addition, waste heat recovery and cold energy utilization are also important research areas. Reviews on the progress of water system integration and its industrial applications are also conducted. It includes the direct reuse, regeneration, and reuse/recycle in water systems and systems with internal water mains. Finally, safety management and technologies are also indispensable technological advancements of the process. The legislation system and the work safety-related standard system have been gradually established and enforced. Process safety research progress is reviewed, and questions are proposed for improving the accident prevention and safety management agenda.
Progress in the use of electrospun nanofiber electrodes for solid oxide fuel cells: a review
Authors: Parbey Joseph , Wang Qin , Yu Guangsen , Zhang Xiaoqiang , Li Tingshuai , Andersson Martin 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe application of one-dimensional nanofibers in the fabrication of an electrode greatly improves the performance of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) due to its advantages on electron transfer and mass transport. Various mixed ionic-electronic conducting materials with perovskites and Ruddlesden-Popper-type metal oxide structures are successfully electrospun into nanofibers in recent years mostly in solvent solution and some in melt forms, which are used as anode and cathode electrodes for SOFCs. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the structure, electrochemical performance, and development of anode and cathode nanofiber electrodes including processing, structure, and property characterization. The focuses are first on the precursor, applied voltage, and polymer in the material electrospinning process, the performance of the fiber, potential limitation and drawbacks, and factors affecting fiber morphology, and sintering temperature for impurity-free fibers. Information on relevant methodologies for cell fabrication and stability issues, polarization resistances, area specific resistance, conductivity, and power densities are summarized in the paper, and technology limitations, research challenges, and future trends are also discussed. The concluded information benefits improvement of the material properties and optimization of microstructure of the electrodes for SOFCs.
Memes, genes, and signs: Semiotics in the conceptual interface of evolutionary biology and memetics
Authors: Fomin Ivan 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
In 1976, Richard Dawkins coined the term meme as a way to metaphorically project bio-evolutionary principles upon the processes of cultural and social development. The works of Dawkins and of some other enthusiasts had contributed to a rise in popularity of the concept of memetics (“study of memes”), but the interest to this new field started to decline quite soon. The conceptual apparatus of memetics was based on a number of quasi-biological terms, but the emerging discipline failed to go beyond those initial metaphors. This article is an attempt to rebuild the toolkit of memetics with the help of the more fundamental concepts taken from semiotics and to propose a synthetic conceptual framework connecting genetics and memetics, in which semiotics is used as the transdisciplinary methodology for both disciplines. The concept of sign is used as the meta-lingual equivalent for both the concepts of gene and meme. In the most general understanding, sign is a thing which stands for another thing. In genetics, this translates into gene that is a section of DNA that stands for the algorithm of how a particular biomolecule is built. In memetics, the similar principle works in meme that is a thing that stands for the rules of how a particular cultural practice is performed.
Visual semiotics and automatic analysis of images from the Cultural Analytics Lab: How can quantitative and qualitative analysis be combined?
Authors: Dondero Maria Giulia 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIn this article we explore the relationship between semiotic analysis of images and quantitative analysis of vast image corpora, in particular the work produced by Lev Manovich and the Cultural Analytics Lab, called “Media Visualization.” Media Visualization has been chosen as corpus because of its metavisual operation (images are visualized and analyzed by images) and its innovating way of conceiving analysis: by visual instruments. In this paper semiotics is used as an approach to Media Visualization and taken as an object of study as well, especially visual semiotics. In this sense, a comparison between visual semiotics (close reading of small corpora) and quantitative analyses of images (distant reading of vast collections) are conducted from a semiotic point of view. Post-Greimassian semiotics guides this study with respect to the issue of the image-within-an-image and metavisual visualization; Peircean semiotics is employed to explain and develop the notion of diagram.
Development of molecularly imprinted Acrylamide-Acrylamido phenylboronic acid copolymer microbeads for selective glycosaminoglycan separation in children urine
Authors: Uygun Zihni Onur , Okutucu Burcu , Hacikara Şükriye , Sağın Ferhan 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Background
In this study, we synthesized molecularly imprinted copolymers for liquid chromatography columns as a separator for glycosaminoglycan (dermatan sulfate; DS and chondroitin sulfate; CS) in urine.

Materials and methods
Acrylamide and acrylamido phenylboronic acid were used as monomers, acrylamide was used for as base monomer to attract negatively charged groups and acrylamido phenylboronic acid (AAPBA) residues used to form diol bonds between sugar and boronic acid residues to strengthen the attraction. These monomers were synthesized by using precipitation polymerization to form uniform spheres, which are more durable for the pressurized chromatographic systems. Trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate and AIBN were used as crosslinker and starter, respectively.

Results
These GAG selective polymers were filled by pressurized flow into the steel (4.6 mm × 1.6 mm) columns, then imprinted GAGs were extracted and analyzed to calculate binding capacity of each milligram polymer. Calibration curves of the GAG selective columns were obtained 62.5–1000 ng/mL less than 5% coefficient variation, and lower matrix effect.

Conclusion
Our imprinted columns separated different GAGs from urine specifically and sensitively. Matrix effect was at an ignorable level thus the challenging use.
The steric influence of extra-framework cations on framework flexibility: an LTA case study
Authors: Cornelius Mero-Lee U. , Price Lisa , Wells Stephen A. , Petrik Leslie F. , Sartbaeva Asel 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The theoretical extent of framework flexibility of Zeolite A (LTA) in response to the steric and geometric effects of different Si/Al compositions and extra-framework cation content has been explored using GASP software. Flexibility windows and compression mechanisms for siliceous LTA and aluminosilicate Na-LTA, Ca-LTA and K-LTA have been modelled. As expected, relatively small cations in the zeolite pores have little effect on the range of flexibility observed. Aluminosilicate LTA, Na-LTA and Ca-LTA frameworks exhibit identical flexibility windows and these frameworks also follow the same compression mechanisms. The introduction of larger K+ ions, however, results in greater steric hindrance. This restricts the flexibility of the framework and alters the compression mechanism to accommodate these larger cations. It is shown that the limits of the flexibility window of Zeolite A are dependent on framework aluminium content and extra-framework cation size.
Green Zn3Al2Ge2O10: Mn2+ Phosphors: Solid-Phase Synthesis, Structure, and Luminescent Properties
Authors: Feng Wenlin , Yang Xiaozhan , Peng Jin , Zhang Yike , Chen Weiqiang 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Novel green phosphors Zn3Al2Ge2O10: Mn2+ were successfully synthesised at high temperature under weak reducing atmosphere. X-ray diffraction results indicate that the samples have like-spinel structure. The morphology, chemical states, and the composition of the dopants in the host were analysed with high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectrum, high-angle annular dark-field, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic techniques. The photoluminescence spectra show that the emission peak is at 537 nm (under excitation at λex = 334 nm), which is the strong green emission resulting from the 4T1 (4G)-6A1 (6S) transition of Mn2+ ion. The full width at half maximum broadband of the strongest broad emission is about 50 nm. The Zn3Al2Ge2O10 doped with 4 mol% Mn2+ appears to have the highest emission intensity after thermal treatment at 1250 °C for 5 h. The CIE coordinates are x = 0.279, y = 0.625, corresponding to green region, and the decay time is 4.88 μs. The results indicate that the phosphors may be used as a trichromatic fluorescent material.
Iminium-functionalized 1,2,3-triazoles by [3+2] cycloaddition reactions of internal acetylenic iminium triflates with organoazides
Authors: Tontsch Christian J. , Gerster Holger , Maas Gerhard 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Propyne iminium triflates 1–6 react as dipolarophiles in thermal [3 + 2]-cycloadditions with sufficiently electron rich organoazides to form 1,4,5-trisubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles with iminium functionalization. The reactions require rather strong thermal activation, but can be accelerated by microwave irradiation. The regioselectivity of the cycloaddition at the internal acetylenic bond of 3-cyclopropylpropyne and 3-arylpropyne iminium ions (1–3 and 4, respectively) is very high, but is lowered in the presence of sterically demanding substituents at the opposite end of the iminium-substituted C,C triple bond. The iminium-functionalized triazoles can easily be transformed into neutral compounds; herein reported is the formation of triazolyl ketones 10 by hydrolysis and of tertiary triazolyldimethyl amines 12 by LiAlH4 reduction. When the reduction is performed with sodium boranate or sodium cyanoboranate, amine–borane complexes 15 and 16 are obtained.
Tracking Training Load and Its Implementation in Tactical Populations: A Narrative Review
Authors: Maupin Danny , Schram Ben , Orr Robin 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
Tactical populations often participate in demanding physical training and perform strenuous workplace tasks, increasing injury risk. Mitigating injury risk is vital for maintaining trained personnel and should be a focus for tactical populations. One such method, tracking training load, has not been studied in-depth in tactical populations, despite documented effectiveness in elite sport. Most injuries to tactical personnel are overuse in nature and therefore may be prevented by optimizing training load. Although the methods used in elite sport may not be directly transferrable to tactical environments, they may be used to inform injury mitigation strategies in tactical populations.
Mantener los logros de la vacunación implica también “inmunizar” contra lo que se oponga
Authors: Cabezas Sánchez Cesar 
Published: July 2019

La inmunización es por todos aceptada como uno de los mejores logros de la salud pública y de la humanidad, pues los programas implementados en los países han contribuido de modo muy importante a la reducción de la mortalidad y la morbilidad de enfermedades infecciosas, siendo un hito importante la erradicación de la viruela en el mundo y la eliminación de la poliomielitis en las Américas. Muchos brotes recientes de enfermedades prevenibles por vacunación en diferentes países se han relacionado con comunidades no vacunadas, hecho que es un riesgo global, dada la migración inevitable de personas. Los factores sobre la decisión de los padres de usar o evitar la vacunación de sus hijos, obedecen a conductas complejas y multidimensionales, incluyendo determinantes contextuales relacionados con los servicios de vacunación, o también individuales tales como conocimientos, actitudes y creencias o aspectos sociodemográficos. Pese a los esfuerzos, pocas estrategias de salud pública han tenido éxito y continuidad para contrarrestar los movimientos anti-vacuna, no siendo el problema solo la falta de conocimiento, por lo que se debemos desarrollar respuestas innovadoras para abordar este comportamiento anti-vacuna -de manera multidisciplinaria- determinando sus causas, así como los contextos en los que se dan. Pese al grado de desarrollo y el avance científico-tecnológico, paradójicamente hay brotes de enfermedades prevenibles por vacuna en países del primer mundo. El Perú, así como los países Latinoamericanos, tienen la fortaleza en sus programas de vacunación, que si bien han tenido algunas oscilaciones de coberturas en de terminados momentos, siguen siendo una arma contundente en el control de enfermedades inmunoprevenibles e incluso se están haciendo esfuerzos para eliminar algunas como la hepatitis B. Es nuestro deber mantener y fortalecer estos programas en todos sus componentes, incluyendo estrategias convincentes para inmunizarlas contra los grupos que se oponen sin fundamento, porque si se detiene la vacunación reaparecerán indefectiblemente enfermedades mortales. Para mantener los logros de la vacunación hace falta también “inmunizar” contra todo lo que se le oponga sin fundamento.
Controversia sobre oseltamivir y su efectividad contra influenza
Authors: Vásquez Cubas Humberto 
Published: July 2019

Las complicaciones de las infecciones respiratorias virales ocasionan mortalidad importante. Durante la epidemia de influenza H1N1 del 2009 se reportaron 18449 fallecimientos en todo el mundo. En Perú fueron 312 los fallecimientos por gripe H1N1 reportados por el Ministerio de Salud. El oseltamivir se sigue considerando esencial en los casos severos de influenza H1N1; sin embargo, existe controversia sobre su beneficio y su seguridad. Se revisa la literatura, la cual nos lleva a concluir que es importante el uso racional y la evaluación de su costo efectividad.