bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ellipticity of cosmic voids in the case of one-parameter models of dark energy
Authors: Ebrahimi Esmaeil 
Published: November 2024

In this paper, we considered four observationally constrained, one-parameter dark energy models to see their plausible impacts on the tidal ellipticity and related statistics of cosmic voids. Our main question is to see if different models of dark energy could be distinguished through ellipticity of cosmic voids. In this way, we employed an analytic method on the base of local tidal tensor. In this method, the center of a void is located at local minimum of the linear density field. At first, we obtained the effect of the one-parameter DE models on the distribution function of the cosmic voids and simultaneously compared the results with the standard cosmology ([Formula: see text]CDM). We found that the distribution function of these models is different with respect to that of [Formula: see text]CDM. In addition, we obtained the mean ellipticity of cosmic voids, [Formula: see text], against redshift and found that in all models the [Formula: see text] as well as [Formula: see text] has a decaying trend. Besides, we considered the mean ellipticity evolution versus the smoothing scale of voids ([Formula: see text]). We found that the differences between dark energy models are significantly discernible via the ellipticity evolution versus the void scale ([Formula: see text]). We saw that the studied models result in different ellipticity evolutions (versus [Formula: see text]) up to [Formula: see text] smaller with respect to that of the [Formula: see text]CDM.
Comparison of Internal and Marginal Adaptation of Endocrowns at Different Depths Fabricated by the Digital and Conventional Impression Techniques
Authors: Ardekani Fatemeh Razavi , Neshandar Asli Hamid , Musapoor Naghme , Falahchai Mehran 
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Sufficient information is not available regarding the comparative accuracy of digital and conventional impression techniques at different depths for the fabrication of endocrown restorations. Thus, this study aimed to compare the marginal (M) and internal (I) adaptation of endocrowns at different depths fabricated by the digital and conventional impression techniques.Materials and Methods: In this in vitro study, two endodontically treated molar teeth with 2‐ and 4‐mm cavity depths were used for the fabrication of endocrowns. Conventional and digital impressions were made from each tooth 17 times. A total of 68 zirconia endocrowns were fabricated and seated, and their I and M adaptation was assessed by the silicone replica technique. Data were statistically analyzed.Results: The M and I gaps at 2‐ and 4‐mm cavity depths were significantly smaller in the digital, than the conventional, impression technique (p  < 0.05). Increasing the cavity depth significantly increased the M and I gaps only in the digital technique (p  < 0.05). The largest gap in all groups was noted in the pulpal (P) region (p  < 0.05). The smallest gap was found in the M and cervical (C) regions in the conventional groups with 2‐ and 4‐mm cavity depths, and the digital group with 4 mm cavity depth, and in the M region in the digital group with 2 mm cavity depth (p  < 0.05).Conclusion: Unlike the conventional impression technique, the M and I adaptation decreased by an increase in cavity depth in the digital technique; nonetheless, the digital impression technique still showed higher M and I adaptation than the conventional technique.
The Efficacy of Sample Storage Envelopes in Collecting Scales From the Skin and Nails for Mycology Laboratory Diagnosis of Superficial Fungal Infection
Authors: Matthapan Lalita , Bunyaratavej Sumanas , Leeyaphan Charussri , Kobkurkul Pantaree , Hutachoke Thrit , Wongdama Supisara , Prasertsook Suthasanee , Pongkittilar Bawonpak , Panyawong Chatisa , Prasong Waranyoo , Plengpanich Akkarapong 
Published: November 2024

Background: Fungal cultures are unavailable in many hospitals. The development of an effective sample storage solution for timely transportation would improve management of patients with superficial fungal skin and nail infections.Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of sample storage envelopes to preserve skin and nail samples for timely microscopic examination and culture for superficial fungal infections.Methods: Patients aged 18 years and above with suspected superficial fungal infections were enrolled. The samples were divided into four envelopes. The baseline 20% potassium hydroxide (KOH) examination and fungal culture served as reference points. The stored samples were reexamined on Days 3, 7, 14, and 28.Results: The study included 90 patients with suspected superficial fungal infections (45 skin and 45 nail lesions). Reference KOH examinations showed branching septate hyphae in 36 (80.0%) for skin and 35 (77.8%) for nail infections. Reference fungal cultures were positive for the growth of dermatophyte and nondermatophyte molds in 34 (75.6%) and 28 (62.2%) in skin and nail infections, respectively. Sample storage envelopes maintained 100% sensitivity and specificity for up to 28 days with KOH examination for both skin and nail samples. On Day 28, the fungal culture sensitivity was 70.6% for the skin and 64.3% for the nail samples, with specificities of 100.0% and 88.2%, respectively.Conclusions: Sample storage envelopes effectively maintained diagnostic accuracy for up to 28 days with KOH examination for both skin and nail samples. Given the high specificity even on Day 28 for fungal culture, transferring samples within 28 days remains a reliable practice.
Challenges and Adaptation in Online Classes during the Pandemic among College Students in the Philippines and Indonesia
Authors: Santos Cresencia M. , Evangelista Gerald T. , Ryandini Felicia Risca , Veranga Maricar , Jazul Regina , Tamayo Josan 
Published: November 2024

The technological breakthrough and the unprecedented pandemic largely impacted the educational system worldwide. The students’ experiences during this time affect their acquisition of the learning outcome and well-being. Although many studies have been conducted in this area, limited information is available on the correlation between the student’s challenges and adaptation between the two countries, the Philippines and Indonesia. Hence, this study attempts to fill in the void. The findings of this study revealed the following results: challenges encountered by the college students from the Philippines yielded a moderate extent (x̄=2.90; SD= 0.41) while the college students from Indonesia resulted to some extent (x̄=2.80; SD= 0.26); on adaptation, the college students from the Philippines showed a moderate extent (x̄=3.01; SD= 0.42) while the college students from Indonesia utilized adaptation to some extent (x̄=2.01; SD= 0.26). There is a positive correlation (0.153 and 0.485) between the schools in the Philippines and Indonesia. The variability in the college students’ responses may have been shaped by the different factors situated around him/her such as the availability of resources, type of learning platforms, computer literacy, student personality behavior towards learning, family structure, and the physical environment. The implications of the study on policy-making, programs on mental health, and future research are discussed.
A tribal transfer and four new distributional records in South American Cerambycidae (Coleoptera), with notes on Stenoeme aguilari Galileo and Martins and Stenoeme bellarmini Gounelle
Authors: Santos-Silva Antonio , Silva Weliton D. 
Published: November 2024

In this study, we document new Brazilian state records for the cerambycid beetles Eburodacrystola pickeli (Melzer, 1928) (Cerambycinae, Eburiini), Phygomelitta triangularis (Fuchs, 1961) (Cerambycinae, Rhinotragini), and Oreodera bituberculata Bates, 1861 (Lamiinae, Acrocinini). Additionally, Stenoeme aguilari Galileo & Martins, 2010 (Cerambycinae, Oemini) is recorded for the first time in Brazil. We also discuss the probable synonymy between Stenoeme aguilari and S. bellarmini Gounelle, 1909. Furthermore, we propose the transfer of Piezosecus Martins & Galileo, 2003, from Piezocerini to Hesperophanini (Hesperophanina), examining the features currently used to define Hesperophanini and the differences between it and Piezocerini.
Cure of Congenital Purpura Fulminans via Expression of Engineered Protein C Through Neonatal Genome Editing in Mice
Authors: Togashi Tomoki , Baatartsogt Nemekhbayar , Nagao Yasumitsu , Kashiwakura Yuji , Hayakawa Morisada , Hiramoto Takafumi , Fujiwara Takayuki , Morishita Eriko , Nureki Osamu , Ohmori Tsukasa 
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND:

PC (protein C) is a plasma anticoagulant encoded by
PROC
; mutation in both
PROC
alleles results in neonatal purpura fulminans—a fatal systemic thrombotic disorder. In the present study, we aimed to develop a genome editing treatment to cure congenital PC deficiency.

METHODS:
We generated an engineered APC (activated PC) to insert a furin-cleaving peptide sequence between light and heavy chains. The engineered PC was expressed in the liver of mice using an adeno-associated virus vector or CRISPR/Cas9 (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat–associated 9)-mediated genome editing using an adeno-associated virus vector in vivo.

RESULTS:

The engineered PC could be released in its activated form and significantly prolonged the plasma coagulation time independent of the cofactor activity of PS (protein S) in vitro. The adeno-associated virus vector-mediated expression of the engineered PC, but not wild-type PC, prolonged coagulation time owing to the inhibition of activated coagulation FV (factor V) in a dose-dependent manner and abolished pathological thrombus formation in vivo in C57BL/6J mice. The insertion of
EGFP
(enhanced green fluorescent protein) sequence conjugated with self-cleaving peptide sequence at
Alb
locus via neonatal in vivo genome editing using adeno-associated virus vector resulted in the expression of EGFP in 7% of liver cells, mainly via homology-directed repair, in mice. Finally, we succeeded in improving the survival of PC-deficient mice by expressing the engineered PC via neonatal genome editing in vivo.

CONCLUSIONS:
These results suggest that the expression of engineered PC via neonatal genome editing is a potential cure for severe congenital PC deficiency.
Prognostic Value of Coronary Flow Capacity by
82
Rb PET in Patients With Suspected Coronary Artery Disease and Normal Myocardial Perfusion at Semiquantitative Imaging Analysis
Authors: Zampella Emilia , Assante Roberta , D’Antonio Adriana , Mannarino Teresa , Gaudieri Valeria , Nappi Carmela , Arumugam Parthiban , Panico Mariarosaria , Buongiorno Pietro , Petretta Mario , Cuocolo Alberto , Acampa Wanda 
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND:

Coronary flow capacity (CFC) is a measure that integrates hyperemic myocardial blood flow and myocardial flow reserve to quantify the pathophysiological impact of coronary artery disease on vasodilator capacity. We assessed the prognostic value of CFC derived from
82
Rb positron emission tomography/computed tomography in patients with suspected coronary artery disease and normal myocardial perfusion imaging.

METHODS:

We studied 1967 patients with suspected coronary artery disease and normal myocardial perfusion at the semiquantitative analysis of stress/rest cardiac
82
Rb positron emission tomography/computed tomography imaging. Coronary artery calcium scores were calculated and categorized into 3 groups: 0, 0.1 to 99.9, and ≥100. Patients were classified as having myocardial steal, severely reduced CFC, moderately reduced CFC, mildly reduced CFC, minimally reduced CFC, or normal flow using previously defined thresholds. The outcome end points were myocardial infarction and cardiac death, whichever occurred first.

RESULTS:

During a mean time of 41±27 months, 49 events occurred (2.5% cumulative event rate, with an annualized event rate of 0.5% person-years). At multivariable Cox analysis, coronary artery calcium score categories and impaired CFC resulted as independent predictors of events (both
P
<0.001). The annualized event rate was higher in patients with impaired CFC compared with those with normal CFC (
P
<0.05). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that patients with impaired CFC were at the highest risk of events.

CONCLUSIONS:
In patients with suspected coronary artery disease and normal myocardial perfusion, impaired CFC is associated with a higher risk of cardiac events. Evaluating CFC can help identify patients’ candidates for additional therapies to prevent future events.
Association Between Noninvasive Liver Fibrosis Scores and Heart Failure in a General Population
Authors: Liu Xiao , Zhang Hong‐Jin , Fang Chang‐Chang , Li Lin , Lai Ze‐Qun , Liang Ning‐Peng , Zhang Xiang‐Tao , Wu Meng‐Bo , Yin Xiaoping , Zhang Huang , Dong Yi‐Fei 
Published: November 2024

Background
The association between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and cardiovascular disease is firmly established, yet the association between noninvasive liver fibrosis scores and cardiovascular events remains a topic of uncertainty. Our study aimed to explore the association between liver fibrosis and heart failure.

Methods and Results
The data set was from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011 to 2018. Advanced hepatic fibrosis risk was assessed through 3 noninvasive liver fibrosis scores: Fibrosis‐4 score (FIB‐4), the nonalcoholic fatty liver disease fibrosis score (NFS), and the aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index (APRI). We included 19 695 eligible participants. The national prevalence of advanced liver fibrosis risk in the United States was 4.20%, 8.06%, and 0.35% as determined by FIB‐4, NFS, and APRI scores, respectively. Weighted logistic regression analysis revealed significant associations between advanced liver fibrosis risk and the prevalence of heart failure (continuous variables, FIB‐4: odds ratio [OR], 1.15 [95% CI, 1.07–1.23]; NFS: OR, 1.42 [95% CI, 1.23–1.64]; APRI: OR, 1.44 [95% CI, 1.15–1.81]). When the scores were assessed as categorical variables, the results were still significant (FIB‐4 ≥2.67 versus FIB‐4 <1.3: OR, 2.18 [95% CI, 1.47–3.24]; NFS ≥0.675 versus NFS <−1.455: OR, 2.53 [95% CI, 1.37–4.68]). Subgroup analysis found that the association between APRI and heart failure was stronger in female patients.

Conclusions
In the general US population, the prevalence of advanced liver fibrosis risk varied between 0.35% and 8.06% as indicated by noninvasive liver fibrosis scores. FIB‐4, NFS, and APRI scores were linked to an elevated prevalence of heart failure.
Feasibility and Improved Diagnostic Yield of Intracoronary Adenosine to Assess Microvascular Dysfunction With Bolus Thermodilution
Authors: Mejia‐Renteria Hernan , Shabbir Asad , Nuñez‐Gil Ivan J. , Macaya Fernando , Salinas Pablo , Tirado‐Conte Gabriela , Nombela‐Franco Luis , Jimenez‐Quevedo Pilar , Gonzalo Nieves , Fernandez‐Ortiz Antonio , Escaned Javier 
Published: November 2024

Background
Bolus thermodilution and intravenous adenosine are established methods for coronary microcirculatory assessment. Yet, its adoption remains low, partly due to procedural time and patient discomfort associated with intravenous adenosine. We investigated differences between intracoronary and intravenous adenosine using bolus thermodilution in terms of microcirculatory indices, procedural time, and side effects associated with adenosine in patients with myocardial ischemia and nonobstructive coronary arteries.

Methods and Results

In this prospective, observational study, 102 patients with suspected myocardial ischemia and nonobstructive coronary arteries underwent measurements of mean transit time, coronary flow reserve, index of microcirculatory resistance, procedure time and patient tolerability with low‐dose intracoronary adenosine, high‐dose intracoronary adenosine (HDIC), and intravenous adenosine. HDIC induced greater hyperemia compared with low‐dose intracoronary IC adenosine and intravenous adenosine with a shorter hyperemic mean transit time,
P
<0.0001. Coronary flow reserve was higher and index of microcirculatory resistance lowest with HDIC, compared with low‐dose intracoronary IC adenosine and intravenous adenosine,
P
<0.05. Low coronary flow reserve was downgraded from 21% with intravenous adenosine to 10% with HDIC adenosine (
P
=0.031); high index of microcirculatory resistance was downgraded from 23% with intravenous adenosine to 14% with HDIC (
P
=0.098). Intracoronary adenosine was associated with lower procedural times (
P
<0.0001). More patients experienced chest pain with intravenous adenosine (
P
<0.01) and the chest pain intensity was higher compared with intracoronary adenosine (
P
<0.0001).

Conclusions
In patients with suspected myocardial ischemia and nonobstructive coronary arteries undergoing coronary microcirculatory assessment with bolus thermodilution, the use of HDIC compared with intravenous adenosine was associated with enhanced induction of hyperemia. The use of intracoronary adenosine allowed for a shorter procedure time and was better tolerated.

Registration+

URL:
clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique Identifier: NCT04827498.
Endovascular Treatment of Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke With Tandem Lesions Presenting With Low Alberta Stroke Program Early Computed Tomography Score
Authors: Galecio‐Castillo Milagros , Farooqui Mudassir , Guerrero Waldo R. , Ribo Marc , Hassan Ameer E. , Jumaa Mouhammad A. , Divani Afshin A. , Abraham Michael G. , Petersen Nils H. , Fifi Johanna T. , Malik Amer , Siegler James E. , Nguyen Thanh N. , Sheth Sunil A. , Linares Guillermo , Janjua Nazli , Soomro Jazba , Quispe‐Orozco Darko , Olivé‐Gadea Marta , Tekle Wondewossen G. , Zaidi Syed F. , Sabbagh Sara Y. , Barkley Tiffany , Prasad Ayush , De Leacy Reade A. , Abdalkader Mohamad , Salazar‐Marioni Sergio , Gordon Weston , Turabova Charoskhon , Rodriguez‐Calienes Aaron , Dibas Mahmoud , Mokin Maxim , Yavagal Dileep R. , Yoo Albert J. , Sarraj Amrou , Jovin Tudor G. , Ortega‐Gutierrez Santiago 
Published: November 2024

Background
Recent trials confirmed the efficacy and safety of endovascular thrombectomy in patients with low Alberta Stroke Program Early Computed Tomography Score (ASPECTS); however, evidence in tandem lesions is limited. This study evaluates endovascular thrombectomy safety and efficacy in patients with acute large‐vessel occlusion with tandem lesions, stratified by baseline ASPECTS.

Methods and Results

We conducted a retrospective analysis of data from 16 centers. Inclusion criteria included the following: age ≥18 years, anterior circulation tandem lesions, endovascular thrombectomy <24 hours of symptom onset, and ≥70% internal carotid artery stenosis/occlusion. Patients were categorized into low (0–5) and high (6–10) ASPECTS. Inverse probability of treatment weighting matching was used to balance the groups. Primary outcomes included the following: 90‐day modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score 0 to 2 and symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage. Secondary outcomes included the following: ordinal mRS, mRS 0 to 3, modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction ≥2b and 2c‐3, petechial hemorrhage, parenchymal hematoma (1/2), early neurologic improvement, and mortality. Of 691 patients, 44 had ASPECTS 0 to 5 and 505 had ASPECTS 6 to 10. Patients with low ASPECTS had lower odds of 90‐day mRS 0 to 2 (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 0.48;
P
=0.036) and higher odds of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (adjusted OR, 3.78;
P
=0.014). Additional significant differences were found in mRS shift, mRS 0 to 3, parenchymal hematoma 2, and mortality. In interaction analysis, the association between low ASPECTS and functional outcome persisted only in the internal carotid artery occlusion subgroup, with no significant interaction indicating no reason to suppose a difference between the effect of both subgroups.

Conclusions
Endovascular thrombectomy in patients with tandem lesions with low ASPECTS is associated with reduced odds of functional recovery and increased symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage risk, when compared with patients with high ASPECTS. However, 30% of patients with low ASPECTS achieved 90‐day functional independence, suggesting potential benefit for a nonnegligible proportion of patients.
Associations Between Mosaic Loss of Sex Chromosomes and Incident Hospitalization for Atrial Fibrillation in the United Kingdom
Authors: Lim Jungeun , Hubbard Aubrey K. , Blechter Batel , Shi Jianxin , Zhou Weiyin , Loftfield Erikka , Machiela Mitchell J. , Wong Jason Y.Y. 
Published: November 2024

Background
Mosaic loss of chromosome Y (mLOY) in leukocytes of men reflects genomic instability from aging, smoking, and environmental exposures. A similar mosaic loss of chromosome X (mLOX) occurs among women. However, the associations between mLOY, mLOX, and risk of incident heart diseases are unclear.

Methods and Results

We estimated associations between mLOY, mLOX, and risk of incident heart diseases requiring hospitalization, including atrial fibrillation, myocardial infarction, ischemic heart disease, cardiomyopathy, and heart failure. We analyzed 190 613 men and 224 853 women with genotyping data from the UK Biobank. Among these participants, there were 37 037 men with mLOY and 13 978 women with mLOX detected using the Mosaic Chromosomal Alterations caller. Multivariable Cox regression was used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs of each incident heart disease in relation to mLOY in men and mLOX in women. Additionally, Mendelian randomization was conducted to estimate causal associations. Among men, detectable mLOY was associated with elevated risk of atrial fibrillation (HR, 1.06 [95% CI, 1.03–1.11]). The associations were apparent in both never smokers (HR, 1.07 [95% CI, 1.01–1.14]) and ever smokers (HR, 1.05 [95% CI, 1.01–1.11]) as well as men aged >60 and ≤60 years. Mendelian randomization analyses supported causal associations between mLOY and atrial fibrillation (HR
MR‐PRESSO
, 1.15 [95% CI, 1.13–1.18]). Among postmenopausal women, we found a suggestive inverse association between detectable mLOX and atrial fibrillation risk (HR, 0.90 [95% CI, 0.83–0.98]). However, associations with mLOY and mLOX were not found for other heart diseases.

Conclusions
Our findings suggest that mLOY and mLOX reflect sex‐specific biological processes or exposure profiles related to incident atrial fibrillation requiring hospitalization.