bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Calcium-activated chloride channels clamp odor-evoked spike activity in olfactory receptor neurons
Authors: Zak Joseph D. , Grimaud Julien , Li Rong-Chang , Lin Chih-Chun , Murthy Venkatesh N. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe calcium-activated chloride channel anoctamin-2 (Ano2) is thought to amplify transduction currents in olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs), a hypothesis supported by previous studies in dissociated neurons from Ano2−/− mice. Paradoxically, despite a reduction in transduction currents in Ano2−/− ORNs, their spike output for odor stimuli may be higher. We examined the role of Ano2 in ORNs in their native environment in freely breathing mice by imaging activity in ORN axons as they arrive in the olfactory bulb glomeruli. Odor-evoked responses in ORN axons of Ano2−/− animals were consistently larger for a variety of odorants and concentrations. In an open arena, Ano2−/− animals took longer to approach a localized odor source than Ano2+/+ animals, revealing clear olfactory behavioral deficits. Our studies provide the first in vivo evidence toward an alternative or additional role for Ano2 in the olfactory transduction cascade, where it may serve as a feedback mechanism to clamp ORN spike output.
Ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer thickness by swept-source optical coherence tomography in healthy Korean children: Normative data and biometric correlations
Authors: Lee Yoon Pyo , Ju Young-Su , Choi Dong Gyu 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to identify the normative values of ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (GCIPL) thickness in healthy Korean children using swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) and to investigate the correlations of age, refractive error, axial length (AL), retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness and cup-to-disc (C/D) ratio with GCIPL thickness. Children aged between 3 and 17 who had visited our pediatric ophthalmology clinic were enrolled. Each subject underwent full ophthalmic examinations including RNFL thickness, C/D ratio and GCIPL thickness measurement by SS-OCT as well as AL measurement by partial-coherence interferometry. A total of 254 eyes of 127 children were included. The mean average GCIPL thickness was 71.5 ± 5.35 μm; the thickest sector was the superonasal and the thinnest the inferior. According to multivariate regression analysis, average GCIPL thickness was significantly associated with spherical equivalent and RNFL thickness (P < 0.0001 for both): the higher the myopia or the thinner the RNFL thickness, the thinner the GCIPL thickness. In conclusion, this study provides an SS-OCT-based pediatric normative database of GCIPL thickness that can serve as a reference for early detection and follow-up of glaucoma and optic nerve diseases in children.
Multidrug-resistant Citrobacter freundii ST139 co-producing NDM-1 and CMY-152 from China
Authors: Yang Lang , Li Peihan , Liang Beibei , Hu Xiaofeng , Li Jinhui , Xie Jing , Yang Chaojie , Hao Rongzhang , Wang Ligui , Jia Leili , Li Peng , Qiu Shaofu , Song Hongbin 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe emergence of carbapenemase-producing Citrobacter freundii poses a significant threat to public health worldwide. Here, we reported a C. freundii strain CWH001 which was resistant to all tested antimicrobials except tetracycline. Whole genome sequencing and analysis were performed. The strain, which belonged to a new sequence type ST139, showed close relationship with other foreign C. freundii strains through phylogenetic analysis. A novel variant of the intrinsic blaCMY gene located on the chromosome was identified and designated as blaCMY-152. Coexistence of blaNDM-1 with qnrS1 was found on a conjugative IncN plasmid, which had a backbone appearing in various plasmids. Other class A ESBL genes (blaVEB-3 and blaTEM-1) were also detected on two different novel plasmids. The emergence of multidrug-resistant C. freundii is of major concern, causing great challenges to the treatment of clinical infections. Great efforts need to be taken for the specific surveillance of this opportunistic pathogen.
Cell-specific pattern of berberine pleiotropic effects on different human cell lines
Authors: Agnarelli Alessandro , Natali Marco , Garcia-Gil Mercedes , Pesi Rossana , Tozzi Maria Grazia , Ippolito Chiara , Bernardini Nunzia , Vignali Robert , Batistoni Renata , Bianucci Anna Maria , Marracci Silvia 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe natural alkaloid berberine has several pharmacological properties and recently received attention as a potential anticancer agent. In this work, we investigated the molecular mechanisms underlying the anti-tumor effect of berberine on glioblastoma U343 and pancreatic carcinoma MIA PaCa-2 cells. Human dermal fibroblasts (HDF) were used as non-cancer cells. We show that berberine differentially affects cell viability, displaying a higher cytotoxicity on the two cancer cell lines than on HDF. Berberine also affects cell cycle progression, senescence, caspase-3 activity, autophagy and migration in a cell-specific manner. In particular, in HDF it induces cell cycle arrest in G2 and senescence, but not autophagy; in the U343 cells, berberine leads to cell cycle arrest in G2 and induces both senescence and autophagy; in MIA PaCa-2 cells, the alkaloid induces arrest in G1, senescence, autophagy, it increases caspase-3 activity and impairs migration/invasion. As demonstrated by decreased citrate synthase activity, the three cell lines show mitochondrial dysfunction following berberine exposure. Finally, we observed that berberine modulates the expression profile of genes involved in different pathways of tumorigenesis in a cell line-specific manner. These findings have valuable implications for understanding the complex functional interactions between berberine and specific cell types.
Random Matrix Analysis for Gene Interaction Networks in Cancer Cells
Authors: Kikkawa Ayumi 
Published: July 2018

AbstractInvestigations of topological uniqueness of gene interaction networks in cancer cells are essential for understanding the disease. Although cancer is considered to originate from the topological alteration of a huge molecular interaction network in cellular systems, the theoretical study to investigate such complex networks is still insufficient. It is necessary to predict the behavior of a huge complex interaction network from the behavior of a finite size network. Based on the random matrix theory, we study the distribution of the nearest neighbor level spacings P(s) of interaction matrices of gene networks in human cancer cells. The interaction matrices are computed using the Cancer Network Galaxy (TCNG) database which is a repository of gene interactions inferred by a Bayesian network model. 256 NCBI GEO entries regarding gene expressions in human cancer cells have been used for the inference. We observe the Wigner distribution of P(s) when the gene networks are dense networks that have more than ~38,000 edges. In the opposite case, when the networks have smaller numbers of edges, the distribution P(s) becomes the Poisson distribution. We investigate relevance of P(s) both to the sparseness of the networks and to edge frequency factor which is the reliance (likelihood) of the inferred gene interactions.
Tracking aluminium impurities in single crystals of the heavy-fermion superconductor UBe13
Authors: Amon Alfred , Zelenina Iryna , Simon Paul , Bobnar Matej , Naumann Marcel , Svanidze Eteri , Arnold Frank , Borrmann Horst , Burkhardt Ulrich , Schnelle Walter , Hassinger Elena , Leithe-Jasper Andreas , Grin Yuri 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe influence of Al incorporation on the heavy fermion superconductor UBe13 was investigated to explain the sample dependence of physical properties. Clear evidence for incorporated Al in flux-grown UBe13 single crystals is presented by results from X-ray diffraction, nuclear magnetic resonance and X-ray spectroscopy. The increase of the lattice parameter and the concomitant change of the superconducting properties are caused by substitution of Be in the compound by 1–2 at.% Al. The minute amounts of Al in the structure were located by atomic resolution transmission electron microscopy. Specific heat measurements reveal the strong influence of incorporated Al on the physical properties of UBe13. Upon long-term annealing, Al incorporated in single crystals can leave the structure, restoring properties of Al-free polycrystalline UBe13.
Intrasession and Between-Visit Variability of Retinal Vessel Density Values Measured with OCT Angiography in Diabetic Patients
Authors: Czakó Cecília , Sándor Gábor , Ecsedy Mónika , Récsán Zsuzsa , Horváth Hajnalka , Szepessy Zsuzsanna , Nagy Zoltán Zsolt , Kovács Illés 
Published: July 2018

AbstractIn clinical practice the measurement error of an instrument has special importance in analyzing and interpreting data, and acknowledging limitations. The purpose of this study was to evaluate intrasession and between-visit reproducibility of OCT angiography measurements in diabetic patients. A total of 54 eyes of 27 diabetic patients underwent OCT angiography imaging. Foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area and superficial retinal vessel density (VD) at 3 mm were calculated using the AngioAnalytics software. Three consecutive images were acquired at first visit and one image 1 month later. Intrasession and between-visit reproducibility of parameters were characterized by intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), coefficient of variation (CV), and coefficient of repeatability (CR) values. We measured excellent (>0.90) ICC values both in intrasession and between-visit comparisons. CV was higher for the FAZ area compared to VD both in intrasession (7.79% vs. 2.87%) and in between-visit (12.33% vs. 2.95%) comparisons. Between-visit CR value for VD was 4.53% (95% CI: 3.72–5.79%). These data suggest that OCT angiography shows excellent repeatability in diabetic patients, indicating that this non-invasive technology might be suitable for longitudinal assessment of microvascular complications.
Chemosensitivity profiling of osteosarcoma tumour cell lines identifies a model of BRCAness
Authors: Holme Harriett , Gulati Aditi , Brough Rachel , Fleuren Emmy D. G. , Bajrami Ilirjana , Campbell James , Chong Irene Y. , Costa-Cabral Sara , Elliott Richard , Fenton Tim , Frankum Jessica , Jones Samuel E. , Menon Malini , Miller Rowan , Pemberton Helen N. , Postel-Vinay Sophie , Rafiq Rumana , Selfe Joanna L. , von Kriegsheim Alex , Munoz Amaya Garcia , Rodriguez Javier , Shipley Janet , van der Graaf Winette T. A. , Williamson Chris T. , Ryan Colm J. , Pettitt Stephen , Ashworth Alan , Strauss Sandra J. , Lord Christopher J. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractOsteosarcoma (OS) is an aggressive sarcoma, where novel treatment approaches are required. Genomic studies suggest that a subset of OS, including OS tumour cell lines (TCLs), exhibit genomic loss of heterozygosity (LOH) patterns reminiscent of BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutant tumours. This raises the possibility that PARP inhibitors (PARPi), used to treat BRCA1/2 mutant cancers, could be used to target OS. Using high-throughput drug sensitivity screening we generated chemosensitivity profiles for 79 small molecule inhibitors, including three clinical PARPi. Drug screening was performed in 88 tumour cell lines, including 18 OS TCLs. This identified known sensitivity effects in OS TCLs, such as sensitivity to FGFR inhibitors. When compared to BRCA1/2 mutant TCLs, OS TCLs, with the exception of LM7, were PARPi resistant, including those with previously determined BRCAness LoH profiles. Post-screen validation experiments confirmed PARPi sensitivity in LM7 cells as well as a defect in the ability to form nuclear RAD51 foci in response to DNA damage. LM7 provides one OS model for the study of PARPi sensitivity through a potential defect in RAD51-mediated DNA repair. The drug sensitivity dataset we generated in 88 TCLs could also serve as a resource for the study of drug sensitivity effects in OS.
Cellular and molecular mechanisms of sulfur mustard toxicity on spermatozoa and male fertility
Authors: Beigi Harchegani Asghar , Mirnam Niha Mahdiyeh , Sohrabiyan Milad , Ghatrehsamani Mahdi , Tahmasbpour Eisa , Shahriary Alireza 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Sulfur mustard (SM) is a toxic compound that can target human spermatozoa. SM induces a wide variety of pathological effects in human reproductive organs, including sexual hormone disturbance, testicular atrophy, impaired spermatogenesis, poor sperm quality, defects in embryo development, childhood physical abnormalities, and severe fertility problems. However, the molecular and cellular mechanisms of SM action on male reproductive health and human sperm function are unclear. Excessive production of reactive oxygen species and the resulting oxidative stress is likely a significant mechanism of SM action, and could be associated with sperm DNA damage, membrane lipid peroxidation, reduced membrane fluidity, mitochondrial deficiency, apoptosis, and poor sperm quality. In this review, we aim to discuss the cellular and molecular mechanisms of SM action on sperm and reproductive health, the significance of OS, and the mechanisms through which SM enhances the infertility rate among SM-exposed individuals.
Star-planet interactions
Authors: Rao Suvrat , Meynet Georges , Eggenberger Patrick , Haemmerlé Lionel , Privitera Giovanni , Georgy Cyril , Ekström Sylvia , Mordasini Christoph 
Published: July 2018

Context. When planets are formed from the protoplanetary disk and after the disk has dissipated, the evolution of their orbits is governed by tidal interactions, friction, and gravitational drag, and also by changes in the mass of the star and planet. These interactions may change the initial distribution of the distances between the planets and their host star by expanding the original orbit, by contracting it (which may cause an engulfment of the planet by the star), or by destroying the planet.
Aims. We study the evolution of the orbit of a planet orbiting its host star under the effects of equilibrium tides, dynamical tides, drag (frictional and gravitational), and stellar mass loss.
Methods. We used the Geneva stellar evolution code to compute the evolution of stars with initial masses of 1 and 1.5 M⊙ with different rotation rates at solar metallicity. The star is evolved from the pre-main-sequence (PMS) up to the tip of the red giant branch. We used these models as input for computing the evolution of the planetary orbits. We explored the effects of changing the planet masses (of 1 Earth mass up to 20 Jupiter masses), the distance between the planet and the star (of 0.015 and more than 3 au), the mass, and the spin of the star. We present results when only the equilibrium tide was accounted for and when both equilibrium and dynamical tides were accounted for. The expression for the dynamical tide is a frequency-averaged dissipation of tidally excited inertial waves, obtained from a piecewise homogeneous two-layer stellar model. Gravity wave damping was neglected.
Results. Dynamical tides in convective zones have a significant effect on planetary orbits only during the PMS phase and only for fast-rotating stars. They have no significant effects during the PMS phase for initially slow-rotating stars and during the red giant branch phase, regardless of the initial rotation. In the plots of initial orbital distance versus planetary mass, we show the regions that lead to engulfment or any significant changes in the orbit. As a result of orbital evolution, a region near the star can become devoid of planets after the PMS phase. We call this zone the planet desert, and its extent depends sensitively on stellar rotation. An examination of the planet distribution as a function of distance to the host star and mass can provide constraints on current computations.
Nature of the energy source powering solar coronal loops driven by nanoflares
Authors: Chitta L. P. , Peter H. , Solanki S. K. 
Published: July 2018

Context. Magnetic energy is required to heat the corona, the outer atmosphere of the Sun, to millions of degrees.
Aims. We study the nature of the magnetic energy source that is probably responsible for the brightening of coronal loops driven by nanoflares in the cores of solar active regions.
Methods. We consider observations of two active regions (ARs), 11890 and 12234, in which nanoflares have been detected. To this end, we use ultraviolet (UV) and extreme ultraviolet (EUV) images from the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) onboard the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) for coronal loop diagnostics. These images are combined with the co-temporal line-of-sight magnetic field maps from the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI) onboard SDO to investigate the connection between coronal loops and their magnetic roots in the photosphere.
Results. The core of these ARs exhibit loop brightening in multiple EUV channels of AIA, particularly in its 9.4 nm filter. The HMI magnetic field maps reveal the presence of a complex mixed polarity magnetic field distribution at the base of these loops. We detect the cancellation of photospheric magnetic flux at these locations at a rate of about 1015 Mx s−1. The associated compact coronal brightenings directly above the cancelling magnetic features are indicative of plasma heating due to chromospheric magnetic reconnection.
Conclusions. We suggest that the complex magnetic topology and the evolution of magnetic field, such as flux cancellation in the photosphere and the resulting chromospheric reconnection, can play an important role in energizing active region coronal loops driven by nanoflares. Our estimate of magnetic energy release during flux cancellation in the quiet Sun suggests that chromospheric reconnection can also power the quiet corona.
Schonende Operationstechnik beim Attikcholesteatom vielversprechend
Authors: Diensthuber Marc 
Published: July 2018

Presutti L et al. The Impact of the Transcanal Endoscopic Approach and Mastoid Preservation on Recurrence of Primary Acquired Attic Cholesteatoma. Otol Neurotol 2018; 39: 445–450
Die chirurgische Behandlung eines Attikcholesteatoms ist anspruchsvoll und über eine optimale Strategie wird aktuell immer noch diskutiert. Wissenschaftler haben nun untersucht, welche Faktoren einen Einfluss auf postoperative Erkrankungen eines primär erworbenen Attikcholesteatoms haben. Die Autoren nahmen an, dass minimalinvasiv, schleimhautschonende Operationstechniken einen positiven Effekt auf die Ergebnisse in Bezug auf Rezidive haben.
Ökonomische Betrachtung von Genexpressionstests beim Mammakarzinom am Beispiel des Oncotype DX®
Authors: Thiem Helena , Lux Michael P. , Rebscher Herbert , Potempa Christoph 
Published: July 2018

Zusammenfassung
Zielsetzung Das Ziel der Übersichtsarbeit ist, die ökonomischen Auswirkungen von Genexpressionstests in der Therapie des frühen, Hormonrezeptor-positiven,
Her2-negativen Mammakarzinoms zur Unterstützung der adjuvanten Therapieentscheidung am Beispiel des Oncotype DX® (ODX) zu erläutern. Im Fokus steht dabei,
inwiefern dieser Genexpressionstest zu Kosteneinsparungen führt und ob er als kosteneffektiv bewertet werden kann.
Methodik In gängigen Literaturdatenbanken wurde eine Literaturrecherche zu gesundheitsökonomischen Analysen des ODX durchgeführt. Die Ergebnisse der
eingeschlossenen Publikationen wurden ausgewertet und in einem narrativen Review zusammengefasst. Zusätzlich erfolgte eine separate Betrachtung im Kontext des
deutschen Gesundheitssystems.
Ergebnisse Es konnten insgesamt 28 Arbeiten identifiziert werden, die sich mit der Wirtschaftlichkeit des ODX auseinandersetzen. Darunter waren 18
Kosten-Effektivitäts-Analysen, 5 Budget-Impact-Analysen sowie 5 Reviews. Die eingeschlossenen Kosten-Effektivitätsanalysen bewerteten den Test insgesamt als
kosteneffektiv gegenüber der Regelversorgung, begründet durch ein verbessertes Outcome, eine geringere Anzahl an durchgeführten Chemotherapien, eine geringere
Rezidivrate sowie eine höhere Lebenserwartung der Patientinnen. In Abhängigkeit vom jeweiligen Gesundheitssystem wird dem ODX in den Budget-Impact-Analysen ein
Einsparpotenzial zugesprochen, teilweise kann es jedoch zu (kurzfristigen) Kostensteigerungen aufgrund der Kosten für die Testung kommen. Die Publikationen zur
Wirtschaftlichkeit des ODX im deutschen Versorgungskontext berichten ebenfalls ein Einsparpotenzial.
Schlussfolgerung Die Ergebnisse lassen sich aufgrund unterschiedlicher monetärer Bewertungen zwar nur eingeschränkt auf das deutsche Gesundheitssystem
übertragen, es kann dennoch davon ausgegangen werden, dass der Einsatz des ODX auch hier im Längsschnitt zu Kosteneinsparungen führen wird. Eine Erstattung von
Genexpressionstests beim frühen Mammakarzinom im Rahmen der Regelversorgung ist demnach unter ökonomischen Gesichtspunkten sinnvoll.
Polymorphisms of the Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor- 1 Gene in Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes, and in Patients with Diabetic Retinopathy
Authors: Mansfield M W , Stickland M H , Carter A M , Grant P J 
Published: July 2018

SummaryTo identify whether genotype contributes to the difference in PAI-1 levels in type 1 and type 2 diabetic subjects and whether genotype relates to the development of retinopathy, a Hind III restriction fragment length polymorphism and two dinucleotide repeat polymorphisms were studied. In 519 Caucasian diabetic subjects (192 type 1, 327 type 2) and 123 Caucasian control subjects there were no differences in the frequency of the Hind III restriction alleles (type 1 vs type 2 vs control: allele 1 0.397 vs 0.420 vs 0.448; allele 2 0.603 vs 0.580 vs 0.552) nor in the allelic frequency at either dinucleotide repeat sequence. In 86 subjects with no retinopathy at 15 years or more from diagnosis of diabetes and 190 subjects with diabetic retinopathy there was no difference in the frequency of Hind III restriction alleles (retinopathy present vs retinopathy absent: allele 1 0.400 vs 0.467; allele 2 0.600 vs 0.533) nor in the allelic frequencies at either dinucleotide repeat sequence. The results indicate that there is no or minimal influence of the PAI-1 gene on either PAI-1 levels or the development of diabetic retinopathy in patients with diabetes mellitus.