bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
THE EFFECTS OF WATER ADDITION AND STEAMING DURATION ON STARCH COMPOSITION OF WHEAT POLLARD
Authors: Utama Cahya Setya , Sulistiyanto Bambang , Kismiyati Sri 
Published: May 2018

Abstract The objective of the study was to determine the effects of water addition and steaming duration on starch composition of wheat pollard including starch, amylose, amylopectin and starch resistant. Water was added towheat pollard (0, 30 and 60%) and autoclaved at 121°C (15 and 30 min) afterward. The pollard then was oven-dry at 70°C. The study used a complete randomized design of 3x2 factorial with 3 replications. The addition of water and steaming duration showed a very significant (p<0.001) impact on the amylose and starch resistant parameters but not the starch and amylopectin. The addition of water increased the starch content from 38.71+0.10%. The starch content of a 15-min autoclave was higher (44.54+11.34%) than that of a 30-min (43.43+11.16%). The amylose levels decreased with addition of water and duration of autoclave. The amylose decrease from 5.23+0.10% to 4.03+0.32%. Addition of water increased the amylopectin level from 33.50+0.10 to 52.90+0.70% while the amylopectin level was heated at 15 minutes (39.79+11.76%) and decreased to 39.20 + 11.44% after treatment with steam for 30 minutes. Addition of water increased the starch resistant level from 8.75+1.06% to 15.40+ 1.51% while heating for15 minutes had the highest starch resistant of 16.65+0.04% compare to the longer steaming deration. This result concluded that the addition of water and the duration of steam greatly affects the content of starch, amylose, amylopectin and starch resistant of the wheat pollard. The best results of this study was the addition of 30% moisture content with a steam duration of 15 minutes which results in the highest starch resistant of 16.65+ 0.04%. Keywords: wheat pollard; steam; moisture content; starch; amylose; starch resistant
Parametric analysis of thin multifunctional elastomeric optical sheets
Authors: Nicholson-Smith Chloë , Knopf George K. , Bordatchev Evgueni 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Flexible optical sheets are thin large-area polymer light guide structures that can be used to create innovative passive light-harvesting and illumination systems. The optically transparent micro-patterned polymer sheet is designed to be draped over arbitrary surfaces or hung like a curtain. The light guidance sheet is fabricated by bonding two or more micro-patterned layers with different indices of optical refraction. By imprinting micro-optical elements on the constituent layers, it is possible to have portions of the optical sheet act as a light concentrator, near ‘lossless’ transmitter, or diffuser. However, the performance and efficiency of the flexible optical sheet depends on the overall curvature (κ) of the optical sheet and the relative orientation of incident light source. To illustrate this concept, the impact of key design parameters on the controlled guidance of light through a two-layer polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) concentrator-transmitter-diffuser optical sheet is investigated using ray tracing simulation software. The analysis initially considers a flat (κ=0) PDMS optical sheet exposed to a collimated light source. The impact of sheet curvature (κ>0) on both system efficiency and illumination uniformity is then briefly explored. Critical design guidelines for creating multifunctional monolithic optical sheets are also summarized.
Harmonization activities of Noklus – a quality improvement organization for point-of-care laboratory examinations
Authors: Stavelin Anne , Sandberg Sverre 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Noklus is a non-profit quality improvement organization that focuses to improve all elements in the total testing process. The aim is to ensure that all medical laboratory examinations are ordered, performed and interpreted correctly and in accordance with the patients’ needs for investigation, treatment and follow-up. For 25 years, Noklus has focused on point-of-care (POC) testing in primary healthcare laboratories and has more than 3100 voluntary participants. The Noklus quality system uses different tools to obtain harmonization and improvement: (1) external quality assessment for the pre-examination, examination and postexamination phase to monitor the harmonization process and to identify areas that need improvement and harmonization, (2) manufacturer-independent evaluations of the analytical quality and user-friendliness of POC instruments and (3) close interactions and follow-up of the participants through site visits, courses, training and guidance. Noklus also recommends which tests that should be performed in the different facilities like general practitioner offices, nursing homes, home care, etc. About 400 courses with more than 6000 delegates are organized annually. In 2017, more than 21,000 e-learning programs were completed.
The uniformization of the moduli space of principally polarized abelian 6-folds
Authors: Alexeev Valery , Donagi Ron , Farkas Gavril , Izadi Elham , Ortega Angela 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Starting from a beautiful idea of Kanev, we construct a uniformization
of the moduli space

𝒜
6

\mathcal{A}_{6}

of principally polarized abelian 6-folds in
terms of curves and monodromy data. We show that the general principally polarized abelian variety of
dimension 6 is a Prym–Tyurin variety corresponding to a degree 27 cover
of the projective line having monodromy the Weyl group of the

E
6

E_{6}

lattice. Along the way, we establish numerous facts concerning the
geometry of the Hurwitz space of such

E
6

E_{6}

-covers, including: (1) a proof
that the canonical class of the Hurwitz space is big, (2) a concrete
geometric description of the Hodge–Hurwitz eigenbundles with respect to
the Kanev correspondence and (3) a description of the ramification
divisor of the Prym–Tyurin map from the Hurwitz space to

𝒜
6

\mathcal{A}_{6}

in the
terms of syzygies of the Abel–Prym–Tyurin curve.
On some generalized Painlevé and Hayman type equations with meromorphic solutions in a bounded domain
Authors: Barsegian Grigor , Yuan Wenjun 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
The value distribution and, in particular, the numbers of a-points, have not been studied for meromorphic functions which are solutions of some complex differential equations in a given domain.
Instead, the numbers of good a-points and Ahlfors islands, which play to a certain extend a role similar to that of the numbers of a-points, have been considered in some recent papers.
In this paper, we consider meromorphic functions in a given domain, which are the solutions of some higher order equations and largely generalize the solutions of Painlevé equations 3–6.
We give the upper bounds for the numbers of good a-points and Ahlfors islands of similar solutions.
Oocyte-triggering day progesterone levels and endometrial appearance in normoresponders undergoing IVF/ICSI cycles: a hypothesis and a study protocol
Authors: Siristatidis Charalampos , Drakopoulos Panagiotis , Vogiatzi Paraskevi , Karageorgiou Vasilios , Daskalakis George 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
In this report, we propose a study protocol capable of improving IVF outcomes in subfertile women with expected normal ovarian response. This proposal derives from conflicting published data and observations in our daily practice, concerning the negative impact of progesterone (P4) elevation at the day of oocyte triggering on pregnancy outcomes. Our hypothesis points to the combination of two previous “suspects” of reduced success after assisted reproduction techniques (ART) – the endometrium ultrasonographic parameters and P4 elevation at the day of oocyte triggering on their impact on pregnancy outcomes. Up-to-the minute data show that, there is a different impact of elevated P4 in fresh, frozen and donor cycles, whereas there are plenty of reports pointing to a different endometrial gene expression on different P4 measurements. Gaps in the literature are linked with a variation of the measurements of P4, its cycle-to-cycle reproducibility, the different cut-off levels used, the impact of various protocols of ovarian stimulation and the limitations of systematic reviews originating from the initial studies. Our hypothesis states that the combination of P4 values and endometrial ultrasound parameters at the day of oocyte triggering can affect clinical pregnancy rates in normal responders undergoing ART.
On a class of finite soluble groups
Authors: Ballester-Bolinches Adolfo , Cossey John , Li Yangming 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to study the class of finite groups in which every subgroup is self-normalising in its subnormal closure. It is proved that this class is a subgroup-closed formation of finite soluble groups which is not closed under taking Frattini extensions and whose members can be characterised by means of their Carter subgroups. This leads to new characterisations of finite soluble T-, PT- and PST-groups. Finite groups whose p-subgroups, p a prime, are self-normalising in their subnormal closure are also characterised.
Remarks on randomization of quasi-random numbers
Authors: Ermakov Sergej M. , Leora Svetlana N. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
In this paper we discuss estimation of the quasi-Monte Carlo methods error in the case of calculation of high-order integrals. Quasi-random Halton sequences are considered as a special case. Randomization of these sequences by the random shift method turns out to lead to well-known random quadrature formulas with one free node. Some new properties of such formulas are pointed out. The subject is illustrated by a number of numerical examples.
A review of gap-surface plasmon metasurfaces: fundamentals and applications
Authors: Ding Fei , Yang Yuanqing , Deshpande Rucha A. , Bozhevolnyi Sergey I. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractPlasmonic metasurfaces, which can be considered as the two-dimensional analog of metal-based metamaterials, have attracted progressively increasing attention in recent years because of the ease of fabrication and unprecedented control over the reflected or transmitted light while featuring relatively low losses even at optical wavelengths. Among all the different design approaches, gap-surface plasmon metasurfaces – a specific branch of plasmonic metasurfaces – which consist of a subwavelength thin dielectric spacer sandwiched between an optically thick metal film and arrays of metal subwavelength elements arranged in a strictly or quasi-periodic fashion, have gained awareness from researchers working at practically any frequency regime as its realization only requires a single lithographic step, yet with the possibility to fully control the amplitude, phase, and polarization of the reflected light. In this paper, we review the fundamentals, recent developments, and opportunities of gap-surface plasmon metasurfaces. Starting with introducing the concept of gap-surface plasmon metasurfaces, we present three typical gap-surface plasmon resonators, introduce generalized Snell’s law, and explain the concept of Pancharatnam-Berry phase. We then overview the main applications of gap-surface plasmon metasurfaces, including beam-steerers, flat lenses, holograms, absorbers, color printing, polarization control, surface wave couplers, and dynamically reconfigurable metasurfaces. The review is ended with a short summary and outlook on possible future developments.
Metabolic regulation of synaptic activity
Authors: Fedorovich Sergei V. , Waseem Tatyana V. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractBrain tissue is bioenergetically expensive. In humans, it composes approximately 2% of body weight and accounts for approximately 20% of calorie consumption. The brain consumes energy mostly for ion and neurotransmitter transport, a process that occurs primarily in synapses. Therefore, synapses are expensive for any living creature who has brain. In many brain diseases, synapses are damaged earlier than neurons start dying. Synapses may be considered as vulnerable sites on a neuron. Ischemic stroke, an acute disturbance of blood flow in the brain, is an example of a metabolic disease that affects synapses. The associated excessive glutamate release, called excitotoxicity, is involved in neuronal death in brain ischemia. Another example of a metabolic disease is hypoglycemia, a complication of diabetes mellitus, which leads to neuronal death and brain dysfunction. However, synapse function can be corrected with “bioenergetic medicine”. In this review, a ketogenic diet is discussed as a curative option. In support of a ketogenic diet, whereby carbohydrates are replaced for fats in daily meals, epileptic seizures can be terminated. In this review, we discuss possible metabolic sensors in synapses. These may include molecules that perceive changes in composition of extracellular space, for instance, ketone body and lactate receptors, or molecules reacting to changes in cytosol, for instance, KATPchannels or AMP kinase. Inhibition of endocytosis is believed to be a universal synaptic mechanism of adaptation to metabolic changes.
Benzo(a)pyrene degradation pathway in Bacillus subtilis BMT4i (MTCC 9447)
Authors: Bhatt Kamlesh Kumar , Lily Madhuri Kaushish , Joshi Girdhar , Dangwal Koushalya 
Published: May 2018

Abstract

Background
Benzo(a)pyrene (BaP), a high molecular weight pentacyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, is a priority pollutant of extreme concern. Bacillus subtilis BMT4i (MTCC 9447) degrades BaP through chromosomally encoded pathway. Nevertheless, inadequate information is available on BaP degradation pathway in genus Bacillus despite of its species being shown as potent BaP degrader. The objective of this study was to elucidate BaP degradation pathway in B. subtilis strain BMT4i by identifying metabolites through UHPLC-MS.

Materials and methods
Batch experiments were conducted to characterize metabolic pathway of BaP in the bacterium B. subtilis BMT4i. The metabolites were separated and characterized by UHPLC-MS.

Results
The major intermediates of BaP metabolism that had accumulated in the culture media after 15 days of incubation were benzo(a)pyrene-11,12-epoxide, 7,8,9,10-tetrahydrobenzo[pqr]tetraphene-7,8,9,10-tetraol, benzo(a)pyrene-cis-7,8-dihydrodiol, 8-carboxy-7-hydroxy pyrene, chrysene-4 or 5-carboxylic acid, cis-4-(8-hydroxypyrene-7yl)-2-oxobut-3-enoic acid, hydroxymethoxybenzo(a)pyrene and dimethoxybenzo(a)pyrene. Among above, 8-carboxy-7-hydroxy pyrene, chrysene-4 or 5-carboxylic acid, and cis-4-(8-hydroxypyrene-7yl)-2-oxobut-3-enoic acid are ring cleavage products of BaP.

Conclusion
The identified metabolites indicated that BMT4i initially oxidized BaP with monooxygenases and dioxygenases at C-11,12 or and C-7,8 and C-9,10 positions, suggesting operation of multiple pathways for BaP degradation in B. subtilis. Further studies are essential to find out whether the entire biodegradation process in B. subtilis results into metabolic detoxification of BaP or not.
Incidence of Thyroid Function Test Abnormalities in Patients Receiving Immune-Checkpoint Inhibitors for Cancer Treatment
Authors: Patel Nisha Subhash , Oury Anais , Daniels Gregory A. , Bazhenova Lyudmila , Patel Sandip Pravin 
Published: May 2018

Abstract

Background
With the advent of immune-checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy (anti-CTLA-4, anti-PD-1), immune-related adverse events such as thyroid function test abnormalities (TFTAs) are common, with a reported incidence range of 2%–15% depending upon the ICI used. The aim of this study is to describe the incidence of TFTAs retrospectively in patients who received ICI therapy.

Methods
A total of 285 patients were reviewed (178 male, 107 female; 16–94 years of age), of whom 218 had no baseline TFTAs, 61 had baseline TFTAs, and 6 had a history of thyroidectomy (excluded). At least one dose of ipilimumab and/or nivolumab or pembrolizumab was administered. Post-ICI therapy TFTAs were classified according to standard definitions of thyroid conditions when possible.

Results
A total of 35% (76/218) patients had new-onset TFTAs on ICI therapy. Of note, 70.5% (43/61) had baseline TFTAs that were exacerbated by ICI therapy. The median times to new-onset or exacerbated baseline TFTA were 46 and 33 days, respectively. Of note, 64.5% (20/31) of patients on both ipilimumab and nivolumab had new-onset TFTAs, compared with 31.3% (15/48) on ipilimumab, 31.5% (28/89) on nivolumab, and 26% (13/50) on pembrolizumab.

Conclusion
The incidence of TFTAs with ICI therapy was higher than previously reported. Patients with baseline TFTAs and/or who were receiving ipilimumab and nivolumab combination therapy had a higher incidence of TFTAs than patients receiving single-agent ICI therapy. We recommend more frequent evaluation of thyroid function in the first 8 weeks, especially in patients with baseline TFTAs.

Implications for Practice
Increased use of immune-checkpoint inhibitors in cancer treatment has highlighted the importance of monitoring for and treating immune-related adverse events. This study was conducted to assess the incidence of thyroid function test abnormalities retrospectively in patients with cancer on immune-checkpoint inhibitors, which is not known exactly. This study is unique in that it included patients with a variety of histologic subtypes of cancer and also followed the clinical course of patients with baseline thyroid function test abnormalities. This study can help make oncologists aware that the incidence of thyroid function test abnormalities is higher than anticipated. Early identification and timely treatment can help ameliorate symptoms for patients and improve their overall quality of life.
Global Acceptance of Biosimilars: Importance of Regulatory Consistency, Education, and Trust
Authors: Cazap Eduardo , Jacobs Ira , McBride Ali , Popovian Robert , Sikora Karol 
Published: May 2018

Abstract

Globally, biosimilars are expected to have a key role in improving patient access to biological therapies and addressing concerns regarding the escalating cost of health care. Indeed, in Europe, increased use of biologics and reduced drug prices have been observed after the introduction of biosimilars. Recently, several monoclonal antibody biosimilars of anticancer therapies have been approved, and numerous others are in various stages of clinical development. Biosimilars are authorized via a regulatory pathway separate from that used for generic drugs; they are also regulated separately from novel biologics. Biosimilar approval pathways in many major regulatory regions worldwide are, to a broad degree, scientifically aligned. However, owing to regional differences in health care priorities, policies, and resources, some important regulatory inconsistencies are evident. Acceptance of biosimilars by health care systems, health care professionals, and patients will be a key factor in the uptake of these therapies, and such regulatory variations could contribute to confusion and diminished confidence regarding the quality, efficacy, and reliability of these agents. Furthermore, the need for manufacturers to account for regulatory inconsistencies introduces inefficiencies and delays into biosimilar development programs. These issues should be addressed if biosimilars are to attain their maximal global potential. This review summarizes the evolution of the global biosimilar landscape and provides examples of inconsistencies between regulatory requirements in different regions. In addition, we review ongoing efforts to improve regulatory alignment and highlight the importance of education as a crucial factor in generating trust in, and acceptance of, biosimilars on a worldwide scale.

Implications for Practice
Biosimilars of monoclonal antibody anticancer therapies are beginning to emerge, and more are likely to become available for clinical use in the near future. The extent to which biosimilars can contribute to cancer care will depend on their level of acceptance by health care systems, health care professionals, and patients. A better understanding of the regulatory basis for the approval of biosimilars may enhance confidence and trust in these agents. In order to have informed discussions about treatment choices with their patients, oncologists should familiarize themselves with the biosimilar paradigm.
Bending and Vibration Analysis of Curved FG Nanobeams via Nonlocal Timoshenko Model
Authors: Hosseini Seyyed Amirhosein , Rahmani Omid 
Published: May 2018

The bending and vibration behavior of a curved FG nanobeam using the nonlocal Timoshenko beam theory is analyzed in this paper. It is assumed that the material properties vary through the radius direction. The governing equations were obtained using Hamilton principle based on the nonlocal Timoshenko model of curved beam. An analytical approach for a simply supported boundary condition is conducted to analyze the vibration and bending of curved FG nanobeam. In the both mentioned analysis, the effect of significant parameter such as opening angle, the power law index of FGM, nonlocal parameter, aspect ratio and mode number are studied. The accuracy of the solution is examined by comparing the results obtained with the analytical and numerical results published in the literatures.
Elementary introduction to the relevant elements and measures of green building design
Authors: Yang Junguo , Zhu Hongming , Zhang Shulong , Xia Suju , Liu Li 
Published: May 2018

With the continuous development of the concept of green architecture, the integration of a large number of environmental protection concepts in the architectural design is the focus of green architecture design.Saving natural resources can also promote the harmonious development of man and nature. Green building design concept to meet the needs of people at the same time, promote the harmonious development of man and nature.Therefore, the concept of green architecture should be fully used in the design of architecture.
ESTRUTURA POPULACIONAL DE Pouteria macrophylla (Lam.) Eyma NA RESERVA EXTRATIVISTA TAPAJÓS-ARAPIUNS
Authors: Costa Daniele Lima da , Gama João Ricardo Vasconcellos , Santos Misael Freitas dos , Ribeiro Renato Bezerra da Silva , Melo Lia Oliveira , Flores Oberdam Müller Moraes das , Silva Hanna Kassia Machado da , Cruz Girlene Da Silva 
Published: May 2018

RESUMO: O conhecimento da estrutura populacional de espécies com potencial de uso que não o madeireiro é relevante para destacar outros aproveitamentos da floresta, bem como, o estudo de seu potencial econômico permite elucidar a rentabilidade desse aproveitamento. Objetivou-se avaliar a estrutura populacional de Pouteria macrophylla na reserva extrativista Tapajós-Arapiuns e desse modo indicar se a espécie tem potencial para o comércio de seu fruto. Foram alocadas 202 parcelas (30 m x 250 m). Em cada parcela mensuraram-se todos os indivíduos com diâmetro à altura de 1,30 m do solo ? 10 cm, considerando as seguintes classes de tamanho (CT) e tamanhos de parcelas: CT 1 – 10 cm ? DAP < 25 cm em subparcela de 30 m x 50 m; CT 2 – 25 cm ? DAP < 50 cm em subparcela de 30 m x 100 m; e CT 3 - DAP ? 50 m na parcela de 30 m x 250 m. A espécie apresentou distribuição diamétrica na forma de J invertido e distribuiu-se de modo agregado. O estudo indicou que a espécie Pouteria macrophylla tem potencial para comercialização de frutos e pode proporcionar uma renda complementar para comunitários. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Comercialização, Fitossociologia, Potencial de uso, Produto florestal não madeireiro.