bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Photonic Crystal Receiver for Rydberg Atom-Based Sensing
Authors: Shaffer James , Amarloo Hadi , Noaman Mohammad , Yu Su-Peng , Booth Donald , Mirzaee Somayeh , Pandiyan Rajesh , Christaller Florian 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Rydberg atom-based sensors use atoms dressed by lasers to detect and measure radio frequency electromagnetic fields. The absorptive properties of the atomic gas, configured as a Rydberg atom-based sensor, change in the presence of a radio frequency electromagnetic field. While these sensors are reasonably sensitive, the best conventional radio frequency sensors still outperform Rydberg atom-based sensors with respect to sensitivity. One approach to increase the sensitivity of Rydberg atom-based sensors is to engineer the vapor cell that contains the atomic gas. In this work, we introduce a passive, all-dielectric amplifier integrated into a Rydberg atom-based sensor vapor cell. The vapor cell is a combination of a slot waveguide and a photonic crystal. The structural features of the vapor cell yield a power amplification of ~ 24 dB. The radio frequency electromagnetic field is coupled adiabatically into the slot waveguide and slowed to increase the interaction between the radio frequency field and the atoms to effectively amplify the incoming signal, i.e., increase the Rabi frequency on the radio frequency transition. The work shows the utility of vapor cell engineering for atom-based quantum technologies and paves the way for other such devices.
Biological sex impacts immune cell proportions and epigenetic profiles in the developing pediatric immune system
Authors: Kobor Michael , Edwards Karlie , Merrill Sarah , Konwar Chaini , Jude Marcia , Zhuang Beryl , Meijer Mandy , Navarro-Delgado Erick , MacIsaac Julia , Mandhane Piushkumar , Simons Elinor , Moraes Theo , Azad Meghan , Subbarao Padmaja , Bustamante Mariona , Vrijheid Martine , Turvey Stuart 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Age- and sex-related differences in immune cell compositions and immune outcomes have been identified in adult and aging populations, but a comprehensive and nuanced characterization of these changes during the rapid developmental window of early life is lacking. We explored the association with sex and age within the immune system in CHILD, a Canadian longitudinal pediatric cohort, leveraging DNA methylation (DNAm) from whole blood samples collected at ages one and five years (n=760 paired, 356 female and 404 male). Using DNAm-based computational cell type deconvolution, we observed changes in all twelve estimated immune cell type proportions between these ages in a pediatric population and found significant differences in the context of biological sex. We also identified distinct age- and sex-specific DNAm signatures in the immune system in the first five years of life. Notably, there were few age-specific DNAm changes and the sex-specific DNAm were consistent across this early life developmental window. We were then able to validate many of the sex-specific DNAm changes in separate pediatric cohorts. This insight not only enhances our understanding of pediatric immune maturation and system composition in a healthy population but highlights the existence of sex-based differences prior to puberty.
Extracellular matrix remodeling during aging aligns with synapse, microglia, and cognitive status
Authors: Gray Daniel , Gutierrez Abigail , Jami-Alhamadi Yasaman , Pandey Vijaya , Pan Lin , Zhang Ye , Wohlschlegel James , McDevitt Ross , De Biase Lindsay 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Synapse dysfunction is tightly linked to cognitive changes during aging, but underlying mechanisms driving dysfunction are minimally understood. The extracellular matrix (ECM) can potently regulate synapse integrity and plasticity. Yet the status of the brain ECM during aging remains virtually unexplored. Using novel ECM-optimized proteomic workflows, we discovered striking regional differences in ECM composition and aging-induced ECM remodeling. ECM status was also aligned with preserved synapse protein abundance across key basal ganglia nuclei. Moreover, using foraging-based behavioral paradigms and confocal imaging in fixed tissue, we demonstrated that reduced ECM-synapse remodeling and microglial aging phenotypes are both linked with deficits in goal-directed behavior in aging mice. Finally, using mouse models of microglia ablation and premature microglial aging, we identified microglial aging phenotypes that promote ECM deposition and synapse numbers. Together, these foundational observations implicate glial-ECM interactions in the regulation of synapse function and cognitive abilities across the lifespan.
WITHDRAWN: Design and Simulation of a Microstrip 16x16 Butler Matrix for NR-IFF Radar Application
Authors: Fallah Mohsen , Nekounam Majid , Armaki Seyyed Hossein Mohseni 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The full text of this preprint has been withdrawn by the authors due to author disagreement with the posting of the preprint. Therefore, the authors do not wish this work to be cited as a reference. Questions should be directed to the corresponding author.
Effect of Intrapleural Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) Associated With NAB Paclitaxel in a Murine Model of Malignant Pleural Effusion
Authors: SIlva Carlos Sergio Rocha , Teixeira Lisete Ribeiro , Pereira Karina Rocha , Colares Philippe Figueiredo Braga , Alvarenga Vanessa Adelia , Barbosa Roberta Karla Sales , Roque Amanda Cabral , Marchi Evaldo , Mamoni Ronei Luciano , Acencio Milena Marques Pagliarelli 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background: Malignant pleural effusion (MPE) signals a disease with poor prognosis, high morbid-mortality. Studies of MPE in murine models have reproduced its formation and metastases, and have propose therapies for its control. Drugs associated with nanoparticles (nab) can reduce toxicity and increase action on the tumor cell. Our objective was to evaluate nab-Paclitaxel associated or not with intrapleural anti-VEGF in model of MPE.
Methods: Intrapleural LLC-cells were injected in 250 mice. After 7 days, mice received weekly intrapleurally Paclitaxel, nab-Paclitaxel, anti-VEGF, nab-Paclitaxel+anti-VEGF or Saline (untreated). Twenty animals from each group weekly were weighed, evaluated for mobility and followed until death. Ten animals from each group were euthanized on 7th, 14th or 21st day for evaluation of pleural fluid volume, cytology, LDH, IL-6, VEGF, TNF-α and histological analysis.
Results: Pleural carcinomatosis was lethal in all groups, with longer survival in nab-Paclitaxel+anti-VEGF group. Pleural fluid was greater in untreated and Paclitaxel groups, with the lowest levels in nab-Paclitaxel+anti-VEGF group. Tumor implantation in pleura was observed in all groups with the lowest scores in animals that received nab-Paclitaxel+anti-VEGF.
Conclusions: In this experimental model of MPE, intrapleural nab-Paclitaxel associated with anti-VEGF significantly increased survival time, reduced pleural fluid volume and pleural implants.
Connected Components on Lie Groups and Applications to Multi-Orientation Image Analysis
Authors: Berg Nicky Janneke van den , Mula Olga , Vis Leanne , Duits Remco 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

We develop and analyze a new algorithm to find the connected components of a compact set I from a Lie group G endowed with a left-invariant Riemannian distance. For a given delta>0, the algorithm finds the largest cover of I such that all sets in the cover are separated by at least distance delta. We call the sets in the cover the delta-connected components of I. The grouping relies on an iterative procedure involving morphological dilations with Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman-kernels on G and notions of delta-thickened sets. We prove that the algorithm converges in finitely many iteration steps, and we propose a strategy to find an optimal value for delta based on persistence homology arguments. We also introduce the concept of affinity matrices. This allows grouping delta-connected components based on their local proximity and alignment.
Among the many different applications of the algorithm, in this article, we focus on illustrating that the method can efficiently identify (possibly overlapping) branches in complex vascular trees on retinal images. This is done by applying an orientation score transform to the images that allows us to view them as functions from L2(G) where G=SE(2), the Lie group of positions and orientations. By applying our algorithm in this Lie group, we illustrate that we obtain delta-connected components that differentiate between crossing structures and that group well-aligned, nearby structures. This contrasts standard connected component algorithms in R2.
Lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) ompA-subvariants of the Portuguese collection of Chlamydia trachomatis, 2007-2023
Authors: Lodhia Zohra , Cordeiro Dora , Correia Cristina , Joao Ines , Carreira Teresa , Nunes Alexandra , Ferreira Rita , Schafer Sandra , Aliyeva Elzara , Portugal Clara , Monge Isabel , Goncalves Elsa , Matos Susana , Dias Ana-Paula , Corte-Real Rita , Vieira Luis , Gomes Joao-Paulo , Borges Vitor , Borrego Maria 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background Lymphogranuloma venereum is a sexually transmitted infection caused by Chlamydia trachomatis ompA-genotypes L1-L3, with increasing numbers of detected cases across Europe. Here, we analysed diversity and temporal distribution of the LGV ompA-subvariants detected in Portugal between 2007 and 2023, in order to better understand the dissemination and diversification landscape of LGV strains.Methods The collection of the Portuguese National Reference Laboratory includes 1188 LGV ompA-genotyped samples between 2007 and 2023. In-depth analysis of the diversity of LGV ompA-subvariants circulating in Portugal across the years was performed, identifying newly described subvariants and integrating this data in a comprehensive compilation with all representative LGV ompA-subvariants described globally.Results L2 ompA-variant (L2/434/Bu) was consistently the most frequently detected in our collection, with annual proportions ranging from 34.0–82.9%, between 2016 and 2023. L2bV5 was the second most frequent followed by L2b, ranging from 5.0–27.9% and 2.6–23.7% across the years, respectively, from 2017 to 2023. We highlighted the emergence and considerable increase in circulation of L1-like ompA-subvariants in recent years, representing 13.7% of LGV sequences in 2023. We also identified thirteen novel LGV ompA-subvariants that had not been described before, differing by up to three mutations from the respective genotype reference sequences.Conclusions This study contributes for the worldwide picture of the LGV molecular epidemiology, highlighting the importance of long-term molecular surveillance to monitor the circulation and geographical spread of LGV, and timely identify and track new strains, such as the recently emerging L1-like ompA-subvariants.
Investigating the impact of introducing pair programming to primary computing education on female pupils’ attitudes towards computing
Authors: Childs Katharine , Sentance Sue 
Published: November 2024

Gender balance in computing education is a decades-old issue that has been the focus of much previous research. In K-12, the introduction of mandatory computing education goes some way to giving all learners the opportunity to engage with computing throughout school, but a gender imbalance still persists when computer science becomes an elective subject. The study described in this paper investigates whether introducing pair programming would make a difference to primary-aged girls’ attitudes to computing and intent to study the subject in the future. A randomised controlled trial (RCT) was designed and implemented around a 12-week intervention with 785 female pupils between the ages of 8 and 10 years, alongside a qualitative evaluation investigating teachers’ and pupils' experience of the interventions and the development of materials and teacher preparation resources. The results of the RCT showed no statistically significant changes in student attitudes towards computing or intent to study further, although the qualitative data indicated that both teachers and pupils found the interventions engaging and enjoyable. Themes emerging from the qualitative data point to the importance of collaboration in supporting a development in pupil confidence. Overall, these results emphasise the societal and systemic barriers around computer science and technology engagement across genders that persist despite many initiatives being implemented over many years.
Mental Health Monitoring for Young People Through Mood Apps: Protocol for a Scoping Review and Systematic Search in App Stores
Authors: Boege Selina , Milne-Ives Madison , Ananthakrishnan Ananya , Cong Cen , Sharma Aditya , Anderson David , Meinert Edward 
Published: November 2024

Background
The researchers have used mobile phones to assist in monitoring, analyzing, and managing moods to acquire insight into mood patterns. There is a lack of evidence in their use as clinical tools and interventions, which necessitates a comprehensive review and quality assessment to understand barriers and facilitators for app implementation as an impactful clinical intervention.

Objective
This review aims to (1) provide an overview of the recent evidence on mobile mood-monitoring apps that are intended for facilitating self-management and support of mental health in children, adolescents, and young people; and (2) investigate the quality of publicly available apps.

Methods
The study will first involve a scoping review of the literature on mood-monitoring apps for children, adolescents, and young people followed by an evaluation of features of the apps available in the marketplace. The scoping review will follow the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews) guidelines and search 6 databases— Embase, CINAHL, PubMed, ACM Digital Library, Scopus, and Springer LNCS—for relevant studies and reviews published in the last 3 years. The author will then screen the references, extract data from the included studies, and analyze them to synthesize the evidence on mood apps. Next, the Apple App Store and Google Play Store will be searched for mood apps. A total of 2 independent reviewers will screen the apps based on eligibility criteria, and disagreements will be resolved through consensus. The features of the selected apps will then be evaluated using the Mobile Health Index and Navigation framework, and descriptive analysis will be used to synthesize the findings.

Results
Literature search and screening began soon after submission of the protocol and is expected to be completed by September 2024. The app evaluation will be completed by October 2024.

Conclusions
Combined, the scoping literature review and app evaluation will provide an in-depth overview of the most recent scientific evidence related to mood apps and the quality of apps actually available for use.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
PRR1-10.2196/56400
TO STUDY THE CLINICO-MICROBIOLOGICAL PROFILE OF AN INTRA-ABDOMINAL INFECTIONS IN THE SURGICAL INTENSIVE CARE UNIT
Authors: AMARPREET KAUR  , VEENU GUPTA  , PL GAUTAM  
Published: November 2024

Objective: Intra-abdominal infections (IAIs) pose a severe challenge in surgical intensive care units (ICUs). These infections, which can develop from conditions such as peritonitis, appendicitis, and intra-abdominal abscesses, often worsen into severe complications such as sepsis and multi- organ failure. Early and accurate diagnosis, along with rapid and effective treatment, is crucial for improving the survival and recovery of patients in the surgical ICU who are affected by these life-threatening infections. This study focuses on the clinical and microbiological profile of IAIs in the surgical ICU, emphasizing the importance of understanding the microbial landscape.
Methods: This prospective study was carried out in the Department of Microbiology over the course of 1 year. Patients with suspected IAIs admitted to the surgical ICU were included in the study. The samples were received and processed as per standard protocols. Identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing were done by the Vitek-2 system, and isolates were characterized as multi-/extensively/pan-drug resistant.
Results: Out of 1010 patients admitted to the surgical ICU, infections were present in 81 patients (53 males and 28 females), resulting in an infection rate of 8%. The most common comorbidity was diabetes mellitus (28.3%), and the most common risk factors were sepsis (19.7%), alcohol intake (18.5%), and immobilization (16%). A total of 87 isolates were obtained. The most common isolate was Escherichia coli (47.1%), followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (26.4%). E. coli showed maximum sensitivity for amikacin (76.7%), followed by tigecycline (74.4%). 81.6% of isolates were multidrug-resistant, and 62.7% were extensively drug-resistant.
Conclusion: Knowledge of antimicrobial resistance patterns provides guidance for the treatment, thus improving outcomes.
Watch the sound – listen to the gesture
Authors: Kerstin Frödin  
Published: November 2024

This artistic PhD project is based on the author’s practice as a recorder player and chamber musician in contemporary Western art music. Through an initial study of the embodied and tacit knowledge of chamber musicians and how it is articulated through gestural interaction during performance, the perspective of the thesis widens to explore how such qualities can be used as a creative resource in interdisciplinary collaboration. At its core, the PhD work has explored long-term collaborative processes in projects where a series of chamber music works have been brought to a staged context, but always keeping the qualities of chamber music at its centre. The research questions that emerge from these conceptual and artistic aims are:

– How can I understand and transfer the communicative and embodied qualities inherent in chamber music playing to staged interdisciplinary contexts?
– How can the concept of the gestural-sonic object, and the multimodal understanding of human perception which it implies, constitute both an analytical tool and a source for artistic experimentation?
– How can musical interpretation be applied in the creation of staged interdisciplinary performances?

The method and design of the project builds on collaborations with artists from the fields of composition, choreography, dance, theatre and visual arts. In the projects, the participating artists have aimed to explore and develop collaborative methods and staged formats where the artforms at the same time have been considered as autonomous and as part of a compound whole. The results of the artistic work are published online in the Research Catalogue.

The project findings suggest that interdisciplinary approaches, such as experimental music theatre, composed theatre and choreomusical practices, may enable the liberation from traditional roles, hierarchies and predetermined formats and can lead to what can be described as a radical interpretation of the original score. Through a study of musical gesture – building on a theoretical framework grounded in embodied cognition and phenomenology – the thesis presents examples, both artistic and theoretical, of processes through which boundaries between artistic disciplines have been consciously blurred, thereby providing novel creative opportunities for the classical music performer.
Uso de las herramientas Virtual Programming Lab y H5P para el aprendizaje de programación en estudiantes de nivel superior
Authors: Silva García Ana Laura 
Published: November 2024

Debido a la constante dificultad que presentan los estudiantes al iniciarse en el aprendizaje de la programación y que ha repercutido en su rendimiento académico, el presente estudio tuvo como objetivo el desarrollo de materiales didácticos que emplean las herramientas VPL (Virtual Programming Lab) y H5P como estrategia para el aprendizaje de la programación Java en estudiantes de nivel superior de la facultad de informática en la Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro (UAQ). La metodología utilizada fue un método mixto. El enfoque cuantitativo utilizó un diseño cuasiexperimental y análisis longitudinal con dos mediciones, se aplicó el análisis estadístico de la prueba de rangos con signo de Wilcoxon con el fin de conocer el impacto del uso del material didáctico en los estudiantes. El enfoque cualitativo utilizó una entrevista semiestructurada para la evaluación del material didáctico. El estudio se aplicó a una muestra de 17 estudiantes de segundo semestre de la facultad de informática de la UAQ. Los resultados de los análisis permitieron evidenciar el impacto positivo que se obtuvo al utilizar las herramientas H5P y VPL para la comprensión de conceptos y el desarrollo de habilidades de programación obteniendo como resultado en la prueba de rangos con signos de Wilcoxon un valor igual a T+=1 a un nivel de significancia de α = 0.05. En cuanto a la percepción en el uso del material didáctico, los estudiantes consideraron que los criterios de diseño, navegación e interactividad tuvieron una valoración más alta con respecto a los criterios que evalúan las categorías pedagógicas y didáctico-curriculares. Asimismo, los estudiantes consideraron que el uso de los OA les permitió comprender mejor la teoría, los conceptos, así como poner en práctica el uso de sintaxis propio del lenguaje Java.
Urgency of Identity Verification and Safeguarding Personal Information During Online Transactions
Authors: Satila Anton , Sudirman  , Fadjriah Hamzah Ismi , Umar Wahyudi , Wetzal Matthias 
Published: November 2024

The complexity of law enforcement in online trading fraud cases poses significant challenges. Sellers can carry out fraudulent activities through product counterfeiting or making transactions outside of e-commerce platforms, while buyers can commit fraud by falsifying identities and making fake orders. Despite efforts to address this problem through legal remedies, the prevalence of fraud has not decreased. In the normative research study, fraudulent behavior is studied related to the provisions contained in the ITE Law and the Personal Data Protection Law. These findings underscore the importance of implementing authentication measures to verify the identity of sellers and buyers during online interactions. Authentication methods like this can significantly reduce fraud by allowing for quick identification of perpetrators and tracking of their fraudulent activities, ultimately deterring them from engaging in fraudulent behavior.

Kompleksitas penegakan hukum dalam kasus penipuan perdagangan online menimbulkan tantangan yang signifikan. Penjual dapat melakukan kegiatan penipuan melalui pemalsuan produk atau melakukan transaksi di luar platform e-commerce, sementara pembeli dapat melakukan penipuan dengan memalsukan identitas dan membuat pesanan palsu. Meskipun ada upaya untuk mengatasi masalah ini melalui upaya hukum, prevalensi penipuan tidak berkurang. Dalam studi penelitian normatif ini, perilaku penipuan dikaji dengan aturan yang terdapat dalam UU ITE dan UU Perlindungan Data Pribadi. Temuan ini menggarisbawahi pentingnya penerapan langkah-langkah otentikasi untuk memverifikasi identitas penjual dan pembeli selama interaksi online. Metode otentikasi seperti ini dapat secara signifikan mengurangi penipuan dengan memungkinkan identifikasi pelaku dan pelacakan aktivitas penipuan dengan cepat, yang pada akhirnya menghalangi pelaku untuk terlibat dalam perilaku curang.