bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Faktor-faktor yang Mempengaruhi Pendapatan Rumah Tangga Tani Padi
Authors: Saragih, M.Sc Faoeza Hafiz 
Published: August 2018

Desa Sei Buluh, kecamatan Teluk Mengkudu Serdang Bedagai dijadikan kawasan agrotechnopark berbasis tanaman pangan yang didukung oleh teknis pertanian yang baik secara ekonomi dan social. Tujuan dari tulisan ini adalah untuk mengetahui factor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pendapatn petani. Metode yagn digunakan adalah regresi linier berganda dengan 60 sampel petani. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variable yang berpengaruh terhadap pendapatan petani padi adalah harga benih dan luas lahan sedangkan variable harga pupuk urea dan TSP, harga pestisida dan biaya tenga kerja tidak berpengaruh terhadap pendapatan petani padi
Conflicts of interest and industry professional relationships in psychiatric neurosurgery: a comparative literature review
Authors: Cabrera Laura Y. , Boyce Hayden M. K. , McKenzie Rachel , Bluhm Robyn 
Published: August 2018

OBJECTIVEThe research required to establish that psychiatric treatments are effective often depends on collaboration between academic clinical researchers and industry. Some of the goals of clinical practice and those of commercial developers of psychiatric therapies overlap, such as developing safe and effective treatments. However, there might also be incompatible goals; physicians aim to provide the best care they can to their patients, whereas the medical industry ultimately aims to develop therapies that are commercially successful. In some cases, however, clinical research may be aiming both at improved patient care and commercial success. It is in these cases that a conflict of interest (COI) arises. The goal of this study was to identify differences and commonalities regarding COIs between 2 kinds of somatic psychiatric interventions: pharmacological and neurosurgical.METHODSThe authors conducted a study focused on professional concerns regarding pharmacological and neurosurgical psychiatric interventions. They used medical and bioethics journal articles as an indicator of professionals’ concerns and carried out a thematic content analysis of peer-reviewed articles published between 1960 and 2015, using PubMed and Google Scholar.RESULTSOne hundred thirty-seven relevant articles were identified, of which 86 papers focused primarily on psychopharmacology and 51 on neurosurgery. The intervention most discussed in the psychiatric neurosurgery data set was deep brain stimulation (n = 42). While there were no significant differences at the level of categories, pharmacological and neurosurgical interventions differ in the underlying themes discussed. Two issues widely discussed in the articles on pharmaceutical interventions, but largely neglected in the neurosurgery articles, were medical professional issues and industry involvement.CONCLUSIONSCOIs are a neglected issue in the discussion of ethics concerns regarding medical devices in psychiatry. Yet as these interventions become more common, it is important to address them in part through learning from the discussion regarding COIs in the pharmaceutical industry and by developing approaches to address those aspects of COIs that are unique to the medical device industry.
Open-loop deep brain stimulation for the treatment of epilepsy: a systematic review of clinical outcomes over the past decade (2008–present)
Authors: Zhou James J. , Chen Tsinsue , Farber S. Harrison , Shetter Andrew G. , Ponce Francisco A. 
Published: August 2018

OBJECTIVEThe field of deep brain stimulation (DBS) for epilepsy has grown tremendously since its inception in the 1970s and 1980s. The goal of this review is to identify and evaluate all studies published on the topic of open-loop DBS for epilepsy over the past decade (2008 to present).METHODSA PubMed search was conducted to identify all articles reporting clinical outcomes of open-loop DBS for the treatment of epilepsy published since January 1, 2008. The following composite search terms were used: (“epilepsy” [MeSH] OR “seizures” [MeSH] OR “kindling, neurologic” [MeSH] OR epilep* OR seizure* OR convuls*) AND (“deep brain stimulation” [MeSH] OR “deep brain stimulation” OR “DBS”) OR (“electric stimulation therapy” [MeSH] OR “electric stimulation therapy” OR “implantable neurostimulators” [MeSH]).RESULTSThe authors identified 41 studies that met the criteria for inclusion. The anterior nucleus of the thalamus, centromedian nucleus of the thalamus, and hippocampus were the most frequently evaluated targets. Among the 41 articles, 19 reported on stimulation of the anterior nucleus of the thalamus, 6 evaluated stimulation of the centromedian nucleus of the thalamus, and 9 evaluated stimulation of the hippocampus. The remaining 7 articles reported on the evaluation of alternative DBS targets, including the posterior hypothalamus, subthalamic nucleus, ventral intermediate nucleus of the thalamus, nucleus accumbens, caudal zone incerta, mammillothalamic tract, and fornix. The authors evaluated each study for overall epilepsy response rates as well as adverse events and other significant, nonepilepsy outcomes.CONCLUSIONSLevel I evidence supports the safety and efficacy of stimulating the anterior nucleus of the thalamus and the hippocampus for the treatment of medically refractory epilepsy. Level III and IV evidence supports stimulation of other targets for epilepsy. Ongoing research into the efficacy, adverse effects, and mechanisms of open-loop DBS continues to expand the knowledge supporting the use of these treatment modalities in patients with refractory epilepsy.
STRATEGI PROMOSI KESEHATAN TERHADAP UPAYA PENANGGULANGAN PENYALAHGUNAAN NARKOBA
Authors: Kurniawan. K Rama Nur 
Published: August 2018

Narkoba merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan masyarakat Indonesia yang penyalahgunaannya cenderung meningkat. Sementara ada sekitar 200 juta orang meninggal dunia setiap tahunnya disebabkan peyalahgunaan narkoba. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh informasi tentang bagaimana strategi promosi kesehatan terhadap upaya penanggulangan penyalahgunaan narkoba di Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Wajo. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif yang sifatnya mengeksplorasi informasi dari informan sehubungan dengan strategi promosi kesehatan terhadap upaya penanggulangan penyalahgunaan narkoba di Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Wajo. Dari hasil penelitian menunjukkan : (1). Advokasi yang dilakukan Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Wajo dengan cara mengusulkan bantuan dana kepada Pemeerintah Daerah, untuk keperluan kegiatan penyuluhan napza di sekolah. (2). Kemitraan yang dilakukan Dinas Kesehatan terhadap upaya penanggulangan narkoba dengan membangun kerjasama dengan pihak polres, sekolah, puskesmas dan pemda. (3). Pemberdayaan yang dilakukan dinas kesehatan dan puskesmas, dengan membentuk kader kesehatan remaja di sekolah sebagai bentuk keikutsertaan siswa dalam memberantas narkoba di Kabupaten Wajo.Kata Kunci : Strategi promosi kesehatan, penyalahgunaan narkoba
In my model...
Authors: Burton Roger 
Published: August 2018

Point of view: At the time of writing this I am 58 years old--A cis-gender, white male who grew up in the US. From my point of view, most anything I do or have done in the world can be considered produced by present day, and centuries of, systemic privilege and inequity from which I have and do benefit. I have lived much of my adult life internationally in countries and cultures other than my own culture of origin.
Value: I cannot really speak to the value of the work. I wrote this piece as the result of a very specific request from a friend and I feel it may have been valuable in some way in that context. There is no attempt here to assert some generalized or authorized model or knowledge. Whatever value this little piece may or may not have will arise between the work and the reader. It is not for me to assert something about that. In this way the primary value of the piece might be as a reflective surface that may help reveal, distinguish or elicit the reader’s own models of learning and coaching.
Summary: This piece is the result of a request from a friend. We use “coaching” in conjunction with work on systems thinking, community, systems leadership, complexity and generative social fields. It is the process by which we support individuals within their own milieu. In a certain sense the piece is itself a kind of summary. I have not footnoted or attributed the work since it is really not meant to be an authorized model or definitive statement in any way.
Quantifying the Observational Effort Required for the Radial Velocity Characterization of TESS Planets
Authors: Cloutier Ryan , Doyon René , Bouchy Francois , Hébrard Guillaume 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
The Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) will conduct a two-year wide-field survey searching for transiting planets around bright stars. Many TESS discoveries will be amenable to mass characterization via ground-based radial velocity measurements with any of a growing suite of existing and anticipated velocimeters in the optical and near-infrared. In this study we present an analytical formalism to compute the number of radial velocity (RV) measurements—and hence the total observing time—required to characterize RV planet masses with the inclusion of either a white or correlated noise activity model. We use our model to calculate the total observing time required to measure all TESS planet masses from the expected TESS planet yield while relying on our current understanding of the targeted stars, stellar activity, and populations of unseen planets that inform the expected RV precision. We also present specialized calculations applicable to a variety of interesting subsets of TESS planets including the characterization of 50 planets smaller than 4 Earth radii, which is expected to take as little as 60 nights of observation. However, the efficient RV characterization of such planets requires a priori knowledge of the “best” targets, which we argue can be identified prior to the conclusion of the TESS planet search based on our calculations. Our results highlight the comparable performance of optical and near-IR spectrographs for most planet populations except for Earths and temperate TESS planets, which are more efficiently characterized in the near-IR. Lastly, we present an online tool to the community to compute the total observing times required to detect any transiting planet using a user-defined spectrograph (RVFC; http://maestria.astro.umontreal.ca/rvfc).
Discovery and Dynamical Analysis of an Extreme Trans-Neptunian Object with a High Orbital Inclination
Authors: Becker J. C. , Khain T. , Hamilton S. J. , Adams F. C. , Gerdes D. W. , Zullo L. , Franson K. , Millholland S. , Bernstein G. M. , Sako M. , Bernardinelli P. , Napier K. , Markwardt L. , Lin 林 Hsing Wen 省文 , Wester W. , Abdalla F. B. , Allam S. , Annis J. , Avila S. , Bertin E. , Brooks D. , Rosell A. Carnero , Kind M. Carrasco , Carretero J. , Cunha C. E. , D’Andrea C. B. , Costa L. N. da , Davis C. , Vicente J. De , Diehl H. T. , Doel P. , Eifler T. F. , Flaugher B. , Fosalba P. , Frieman J. , García-Bellido J. , Gaztanaga E. , Gruen D. , Gruendl R. A. , Gschwend J. , Gutierrez G. , Hartley W. G. , Hollowood D. L. , Honscheid K. , James D. J. , Kuehn K. , Kuropatkin N. , Maia M. A. G. , March M. , Marshall J. L. , Menanteau F. , Miquel R. , Ogando R. L. C. , Plazas A. A. , Sanchez E. , Scarpine V. , Schindler R. , Sevilla-Noarbe I. , Smith M. , Smith R. C. , Soares-Santos M. , Sobreira F. , Suchyta E. , Swanson M. E. C. , Walker A. R. ,   (DES Collaboration)
Published: August 2018

Abstract
We report the discovery and dynamical analysis of 2015 BP519, an extreme trans-Neptunian object (TNO) detected by the Dark Energy Survey at a heliocentric distance of 55 au, perihelion of ∼36 au, and absolute magnitude H

r
= 4.3. The current orbit, determined from a 1110 day observational arc, has a semimajor axis a ≈ 450 au, eccentricity e ≈ 0.92, and inclination i ≈ 54°. With these orbital elements, 2015 BP519 is the most extreme TNO discovered to date, as quantified by the reduced Kozai action,

, which is a conserved quantity at fixed semimajor axis a for axisymmetric perturbations. We discuss the orbital stability and evolution of this object and find that, under the influence of the four known giant planets, 2015 BP519 displays rich dynamical behavior, including rapid diffusion in semimajor axis and more constrained variations in eccentricity and inclination. We also consider the long-term orbital stability and evolutionary behavior within the context of the Planet Nine hypothesis and find that 2015 BP519 adds to the circumstantial evidence for the existence of this proposed new member of the solar system, as it would represent the first member of the population of high-i, ϖ-shepherded TNOs.
Can Rocky Exoplanets with Rings Pose as Sub-Neptunes?
Authors: Piro Anthony L. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
In our solar system, the presence of rings is exclusive to the gas giants, but is this the case for all planetary systems? In principle, it seems that rocky exoplanets could also have rings, which could be searched for by studying their subtle imprint on the ingress and egress of transits. Unfortunately, such effects are difficult to measure and require high-precision photometric and/or spectroscopic observations. At the most basic level though, the presence of rings would result in an increased transit depth that could be mistaken as an anonymously large radius. Motivated by this, I consider how a population of exoplanets with rings would impact radius measurements, focusing on Earth-like exoplanets. It is found that this population introduces an enhancement of inferred radii in the range of ∼2–3 R
⊕, not unlike the sub-Neptunes that have been identified in recent transit surveys. Whether rings can explain all or most sub-Neptunes seems difficult, since it would require a large fraction of rocky planets to have rings (≳40%) and/or a factor of ∼2–3 increase in the number of planets with radii ≲1.2 R
⊕. Even if rings cannot explain all sub-Neptunes, this work suggests that focusing on those planets currently classified as sub-Neptunes may be a good starting place for finding rocky planets with rings.
Born Kernels for the Helioseismic Fourier–Legendre Analysis Method
Authors: Hecht Emanuel , Roth Markus 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Measuring large-scale flows like the meridional flow with helioseismic methods plays a crucial role for understanding solar dynamics. In this work, we develop a detailed forward model for the Fourier–Legendre analysis method. This method has initially been applied for measuring the meridional flow by Braun & Fan, who observed frequency shifts between poleward and equatorward traveling p-modes. However, a detailed theoretical model based on a description of the solar internal wavefield is lacking. We therefore describe the effect of advection on the acoustic wavefronts in the first Born approximation following the framework of Gizon & Birch. We derive 2D sensitivity kernels for a suitable and unified definition of the frequency shift, and validate them on the example of a meridional flow. Finally, an inversion technique to estimate the meridional flow is developed on the basis of synthetic data from a simulation of linear wave propagation.
Observations of the Electron Jet Generated by Secondary Reconnection in the Terrestrial Magnetotail
Authors: Huang S. Y. , Jiang K. , Yuan Z. G. , Sahraoui F. , He L. H. , Zhou M. , Fu H. S. , Deng X. H. , He J. S. , Cao D. , Yu X. D. , Wang D. D. , Burch J. L. , Pollock C. J. , Torbert R. B. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
We report in situ observations of an electron jet generated by secondary reconnection within the outflow region of primary reconnection in the terrestrial magnetotail by the Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) mission. The MMS spacecraft first passed through the primary X-line and then crossed the electron jet in the outflow of primary reconnection. There are a series of small-scale flux ropes in the secondary reconnection region. Decoupling from the magnetic field for both ions and electrons, an intense out-of-plane current, unambiguous Hall currents, and a Hall electromagnetic field appear in the electron jet. Strong electron dissipation (

), a nonzero electric field in the electron frame (

), and electron crescent-like shaped distributions are detected in the center of the electron jet, implying that MMS spacecraft were likely passing through the electron diffusion region. The significant electron dissipation indicates that the electrons can be accelerated in the electron jet and the electron jet may be another important electron acceleration channel along with the electron diffusion region.
Cosmic-Ray Short Burst Observed with the Global Muon Detector Network (GMDN) on 2015 June 22
Authors: Munakata K. , Kozai M. , Evenson P. , Kuwabara T. , Kato C. , Tokumaru M. , Rockenbach M. , Lago A. Dal , de Mendonca R. R. S. , Braga C. R. , Schuch N. J. , Jassar H. K. Al , Sharma M. M. , Duldig M. L. , Humble J. E. , Sabbah I. , Kóta J. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
We analyze the short cosmic-ray intensity increase (“cosmic-ray burst”: CRB) on 2015 June 22 utilizing a global network of muon detectors and derive the global anisotropy of cosmic-ray intensity and the density (i.e., the omnidirectional intensity) with 10 minute time resolution. We find that the CRB was caused by a local density maximum and an enhanced anisotropy of cosmic rays, both of which appeared in association with Earth’s crossing of the heliospheric current sheet (HCS). This enhanced anisotropy was normal to the HCS and consistent with a diamagnetic drift arising from the spatial gradient of cosmic-ray density, which indicates that cosmic rays were drifting along the HCS from the north of Earth. We also find a significant anisotropy along the HCS, lasting a few hours after the HCS crossing, indicating that cosmic rays penetrated into the inner heliosphere along the HCS. Based on the latest geomagnetic field model, we quantitatively evaluate the reduction of the geomagnetic cutoff rigidity and the variation of the asymptotic viewing direction of cosmic rays due to a major geomagnetic storm that occurred during the CRB and conclude that the CRB is not caused by the geomagnetic storm, but by a rapid change in the cosmic-ray anisotropy and density outside the magnetosphere.
The Hour-timescale GeV Flares of PSR B1259–63 in 2017
Authors: Tam P. H. T. , He X.-B. , Pal P. S. , Cui Yudong 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
GeV flares from PSR B1259−63/LS 2883 were seen starting around 30 days after the two periastron passages in 2010 and 2014. The flares are clearly delayed compared to the occurrence of the X-ray and TeV flux peaks during the post-periastron disk crossing. Although several attempts have been put forward to explain this phenomenon, the origin of these GeV flares remains a puzzle. Here we present a detailed analysis of the observational data taken by the Fermi and Swift observatories over the 2017 September periastron passage. For the first time, we find short-lived but powerful GeV flares on timescales of down to three hours. The onset of the GeV flaring period in 2017 is also delayed compared to that seen in 2011 and 2014. Supplemented by a reanalysis of previous data, we compare the Fermi/LAT, Swift/XRT, and Swift/UVOT light curves in 2017 with those taken over the 2010 and 2014 periastrons, and differences in UVOT light curves are noted.
The Search for Extra-Galactic Intelligence Signals Synchronized with Binary Neutron Star Mergers
Authors: Nishino Yuki , Seto Naoki 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
We discuss the possibility of receiving a radio signal from extra-Galactic intelligence, around the time when we observe a binary neutron star merger in their galaxy. High-precession measurements of the binary parameters would allow them to send the signal ∼104 years before they themselves observe the merger signal. Using the SKA, we might receive ∼104 bits of data, transmitted from 40 Mpc away with an output power of ∼1TW. We also discuss related topics for GW170817 and mention potential roles of future gravitational wave detectors in relation to this transmission scheme.
Near-infrared Emission Lines in Starburst Galaxies at 0.5 < z < 0.9: Discovery of a Merger Sequence of Extreme Obscurations
Authors: Calabrò A. , Daddi E. , Cassata P. , Onodera M. , Gobat R. , Puglisi A. , Jin S. , Liu D. , Amorín R. , Arimoto N. , Boquien M. , Carraro R. , Elbaz D. , Ibar E. , Juneau S. , Mannucci F. , Méndez Hernánez H. , Oliva E. , Rodighiero G. , Valentino F. , Zanella A. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
We obtained optical/near-IR rest-frame Magellan FIRE spectra (including Paβ and Paγ) of 25 starburst galaxies at 0.5 < z < 0.9, with average star formation rates (SFRs) seven times above the main sequence (MS). We find that Paschen-to-Balmer line ratios saturate around a constant value corresponding to A
V ∼ 2–3 mag, while line-to-IR-luminosity ratios suggest a large range of more extreme obscurations and appear to be uncorrelated with the former. This behavior is not consistent with standard attenuation laws derived for local and distant galaxies, yet is remarkably consistent with observations of starburst cores in which young stars and dust are homogeneously mixed. This model implies A
V = 2–30 mag attenuation to the center of starburst cores, with a median of ∼9 mag (a factor of 4000). X-ray hardness ratios for six AGNs in our sample and column densities derived from observed dust masses and radio sizes independently confirm this level of attenuation. In these conditions observed optical/near-IR emission comes from surface regions, while inner starburst cores are invisible. We thus attribute the high [N ii]/Hα ratios to widespread shocks from accretion, turbulence, and dynamic disturbances rather than to AGNs. The large range of optical depths demonstrates that substantial diversity is present within the starburst population, possibly connected to different merger phases or progenitor properties. The majority of our targets are, in fact, morphologically classified as mergers. We argue that the extreme obscuration provides in itself smoking gun evidence of their merger origin, and a powerful tool for identifying mergers at even higher redshifts.
Collective Study of Polar Crown Filaments in the Past Four Solar Cycles
Authors: Xu Yan , Pötzi Werner , Zhang Hewei , Huang Nengyi , Jing Ju , Wang Haimin 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Polar crown filaments (PCFs) form above the magnetic polarity inversion line, which separates the unipolar polar fields and the nearest dispersed fields from the trailing part of active regions with opposite polarity. The statistical properties of PCFs are correlated with the solar cycle. Therefore, the study of PCFs plays an important role in understanding the variations of the solar cycle, especially the prolonged cycle 23 and the current “abnormal” solar cycle 24. In this Letter, we investigate PCFs using full-disk Hα data from 1973 to early 2018, recorded by Kanzelhöhe Solar Observatory and Big Bear Solar Observatory, in digital form from 1997 to 2018 and in 35 mm film (digitized) from 1973 to 1996. PCFs are identified manually because their segmented shape and close-to-limb location were not handled well by automatical detections in several previous studies. Our results show that the PCFs start to move poleward at the beginning of each solar cycle. When the PCFs approach to the maximum latitude, the polar field strength reduces to zero followed by a reversal. The migration rates are about 0.°4 to 0.°7 per Carrington rotation, with a clear N–S asymmetric pattern. In cycles 21 and 23, the PCFs in the northern hemisphere migrate faster than those in the southern hemisphere. However, in the “abnormal” cycle 24, the southern PCFs migrate faster, which is consistent with other observations of magnetic fields and radio emission. In addition, there are more days in cycle 23 and 24 without PCFs than in the previous cycles.