bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Animal Transference and Transformation Among Wounaan
Authors: Velásquez Runk Julie , Peña Ismare Chindío , Peña Conquista Toño 
Published: January 2019

ResumenMucha de la literatura ontológica sobre ‘amerindios’ pone énfasis en la metamorfosis y la transformación. Este artículo examina la transferencia y transformación de animales entre los indígenas wounaan de Panamá. Mediante observación participativa y análisis de los cuentos examinamos la transferencia de características virtuosas de animales (y otros organismos y cosas) a bebes recién nacidos a través del ombligo (p′oo nʌm, conocido en español como ombligado) y la transformación de seres humanos en animales tal como señalan los cuentos tradicionales. Usamos ejemplos específicos para demostrar cómo y por qué estas dos interacciones animales‐seres humanos destacan la persona humana—una la aumenta y la otra la disminuya. En vez de una fácil mutabilidad entre esferas humanas y animales de la realidad, encontramos que la transferencia y la transformación están entrelazadas con la relacionalidad, la moralidad, y la convivialidad construccional cotidiana con animales y no‐animales entre ello. Nuestros resultados sugieren que el área istmo‐colombiano pueda revelar ontologías diferentes que las detalladas de otras regiones y que la atención a ontologías políticas podría prevenir la esencialización de la alteridad.
Takotsubo syndrome occurring concomitantly with pre‐eclampsia: A case report
Authors: Horie Kenji , Takahashi Hironori , Fujimoto Yoko , Kaneko Daisuke , Yada Yukari , Matsubara Shigeki 
Published: January 2019

AbstractTakotsubo syndrome (TTS) patients show transient ventricular dysfunction without coronary artery stenosis. We report a pregnant woman with TTS occurring concomitantly with severe pre‐eclampsia (PE). A primiparous woman complained of dyspnea at 35 weeks of gestation. She showed severe PE, and cardiac ultrasound identified akinesis of the anterior lower wall. On the same day, emergent cesarean section was performed due to a nonreassuring fetus status, yielding a male infant with an umbilical artery pH of 6.851. Unfortunately, the neonate died of multiple organ failure. Following the delivery, her cardiac function markedly improved, and coronary angiography showed no coronary artery stenosis. Considering the clinical findings, we diagnosed the patient with TTS. Regarding antenatally occurring TTS, only six patients have been reported including the present one. Of the six patients, three had severe PE. Although previous reports on pregnancy‐associated TTS described good maternal outcomes, antenatally occurring TTS complicated by severe PE may become critical for fetuses.
Beliefs About Money in Families: Balancing Unity, Autonomy, and Gender Equality
Authors: Pepin Joanna R. 
Published: January 2019

Objective: This study provides the first nationally representative data on U.S. adults' perceptions of income sharing within families.Background: Modern couples confront tensions between ideals of mutual interests and values of economic autonomy, a departure from fitting themselves into culturally expected family arrangements of the past. This study teases apart the conditions under which people might prioritize one cultural value over another.Method: The author conducted a nationally representative survey experiment (N = 3,986 individuals). The respondents selected an income allocation arrangement for a fictional couple with varied relationships investments (i.e., marriage, parenthood, length of relationship) and earning disparities.Results: Although stronger relationship investments were associated with greater support for sharing all income, the most commonly selected income allocation arrangement was a hybrid arrangement of sharing some income and keeping the rest separate. When respondents preferred some amount of financial autonomy, the primary earner was expected to maintain ownership of a greater amount of the total household income. The preferred level of withholding income was slightly larger in magnitude when women were shown as the primary earner when compared with men shown as the primary earner.Conclusion: The pursuit of economic autonomy, in combination with beliefs about gender, are important dimensions of gender inequality located within families.
The Cost of Consequentialization
Authors: Sauer Hanno 
Published: January 2019

AbstractConsequentializers suggest that for all non‐consequentialist moral theories, one can come up with a consequentialist counterpart that generates exactly the same deontic output as the original theory. Thus, all moral theories can be “consequentialized.” This paper argues that this procedure, though technically feasible, deprives consequentialism of its potential for normative justification. By allowing purported counterexamples to any given consequentialist moral theory to be accommodated within that theory’s account of value, consequentializers achieve a hollow victory. The resulting deontically equivalent consequentalist counterpart that results from absorbing originally non‐consequentialist moral intuitions can now no longer explain, in a theoretically illuminating way, why certain actions are wrong and others right. The paper explains why traditional consequentialist theories did not embrace the procedure, and sketches how consequentialism can consequentialize without incurring the same cost.
Normativity in the Philosophy of Science
Authors: Kaiser Marie I. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThis paper analyzes what it means for philosophy of science to be normative. It argues that normativity is a multifaceted phenomenon rather than a general feature that a philosophical theory either has or lacks. It analyzes the normativity of philosophy of science by articulating three ways in which a philosophical theory can be normative. Methodological normativity arises from normative assumptions that philosophers make when they select, interpret, evaluate, and mutually adjust relevant empirical information, on which they base their philosophical theories. Object normativity emerges from the fact that the object of philosophical theorizing can itself be normative, such as when philosophers discuss epistemic norms in science. Metanormativity arises from the kind of claims that a philosophical theory contains, such as normative claims about science as it should be. Distinguishing these three kinds of normativity gives rise to a nuanced and illuminating view of how philosophy of science can be normative.
A pharmacokinetic model for voriconazole in a highly diversified population of children and adolescents with cancer
Authors: Carlesse Fabianne Altruda de Moraes Costa , de Araujo Orlei Ribeiro , Marques Leticia Maria Acioli , Silva Dafne Cardoso Bourguignon da , Senerchia Andreza Almeida , Petrilli Antonio Sergio 
Published: January 2019

SummaryBackgroundThe wide pharmacokinetic variability of voriconazole leads to uncertainty regarding adequate exposure.ObjectivesTo create a pharmacokinetic model that could help to explain the variability.MethodsRetrospective review of paediatric patients with cancer. Models were built using Pmetrics.ResultsWe analysed 158 trough measurements in 55 patients; in 41.8%, the serum levels were between 1 and 6 mg/L on initial measurement. After the measurements, dosage adjustments were made in 42 (76.3%) patients, and the percentage of adequate levels rose to 54.5%. Fourteen deaths (25.4%) were attributed to invasive fungal diseases. The mean serum levels were higher in deceased patients (mean ± SD: 3.1 ± 3.2 mg/L vs 2.5 ± 3.6 mg/L in survivors; P = 0.018), but the median doses per kg were higher in survivors. Drug exposure was also higher in deceased patients (mean ± SD of AUC: 19.2 ± 8.1 vs 9.5 ± 19.1 in survivors; P = 0.005). No correlation was found between serum concentrations <1 mg/L and death attributable to fungal disease. Bioavailability was estimated in 50%. The maximum velocity of clearance was reduced in deceased patients.ConclusionsExtremely ill patients can be poor metabolizers of voriconazole. Therapeutic monitoring promotes only a limited improvement in drug management.
Wheat mitochondrial respiration shifts from the tricarboxylic acid cycle to the GABA shunt under salt stress
Authors: Che‐Othman M. Hafiz , Jacoby Richard P. , Millar A. Harvey , Taylor Nicolas L. 
Published: January 2019

Summary

Mitochondrial respiration and tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle activity are required during salt stress in plants to provide ATP and reductants for adaptive processes such as ion exclusion, compatible solute synthesis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) detoxification. However, there is a poor mechanistic understanding of how salinity affects mitochondrial metabolism, particularly respiratory substrate source.

To determine the mechanism of respiratory changes under salt stress in wheat leaves, we conducted an integrated analysis of metabolite content, respiratory rate and targeted protein abundance measurements. Also, we investigated the direct effect of salt on mitochondrial enzyme activities.

Salt‐treated wheat leaves exhibit higher respiration rate and extensive metabolite changes. The activity of the TCA cycle enzymes pyruvate dehydrogenase complex and the 2‐oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex were shown to be directly salt‐sensitive. Multiple lines of evidence showed that the γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA) shunt was activated under salt treatment.

During salt exposure, key metabolic enzymes required for the cyclic operation of the TCA cycle are physiochemically inhibited by salt. This inhibition is overcome by increased GABA shunt activity, which provides an alternative carbon source for mitochondria that bypasses salt‐sensitive enzymes, to facilitate the increased respiration of wheat leaves.
Behavior of leadless AV synchronous pacing during atrial arrhythmias and stability of the atrial signals over time—Results of the MARVEL Evolve subanalysis
Authors: Garweg Christophe , Splett Vincent , Sheldon Todd J. , Chinitz Larry , Ritter Philippe , Steinwender Clemens , Lemme Francesca , Willems Rik 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIntroductionThe MARVEL study demonstrated at a single time point that accelerometer (ACC)‐based atrial sensing improves atrioventricular (AV) synchrony (AVS) in patients with AV block and a Micra pacemaker (Medtronic, Minneapolis, MN, USA). The purpose of the MARVEL Evolve substudy was to assess the performance over time.MethodsThis prospective single‐center study compared AVS and ACC signals at two visits ≥6 months apart. Custom software was temporarily downloaded into the Micra at each visit and AVS was measured during 30 min at rest.ResultsNine patients from the MARVEL study were enrolled. The mean (±standard deviation) age was 82.3 ± 6.0 years old, 67% were male, and a Micra was implanted for 6.0 ± 6.4 months. High‐degree AV block was present in four patients, whereas five with predominantly intrinsic conduction required intermittent pacing for bradycardia. The mean interval between visits was 7.1 ± 0.6 months. Seven patients had normal sinus node function at both visits and were included in a paired analysis. Both ACC signal amplitude (visit 2‐visit 1 = 1.4 mG; 95% confidence interval [CI] [−25.8 to 28.4 mG]; P = 0.933) and AVS (visit 1: 90.8%, 95% CI [72.4, 97.4] and visit 2: 91.4%, 95% CI [63.8, 98.5]; P = 0.740) remained stable. Three patients had spontaneous atrial tachycardia. During atrial fibrillation, no atrial contraction was detected or tracked. During atrial flutter, intermittent tracking resulted in a ventricular rate of 60 ± 8 beats per minute (bpm); there was no ventricular pacing >100 bpm.ConclusionACC signals amplitude and performance of AVS pacing were stable over time. During atrial arrhythmias, the AV synchronous pacing mode behaved safely.
Discontinuation rates during long‐term, second‐generation antipsychotic long‐acting injection treatment: A systematic review
Authors: Gentile Salvatore 
Published: January 2019

AimThe aim of this review was to analyze the discontinuation rates during long‐term treatment with second‐generation antipsychotic long‐acting injection (SGA‐LAI) in adults with either schizophrenia spectrum or bipolar disorders.MethodsA systematic search (PubMed, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library) of studies published in English (1 January 2001–12 October 2018) identified 1214 abstracts, which were analyzed independently by the author and two colleagues. Studies were retrieved and reviewed if they reported primary data on the discontinuation rate before the study end during treatment lasting ≥36 weeks. Data were extracted from 51 articles meeting the inclusion criteria.ResultsIn all head‐to‐head comparisons, and studies on patients with schizophrenia spectrum or bipolar disorders, the discontinuation rate before the study end in patients treated with SGA‐LAI was, at best, similar to that recorded in patients treated with first‐generation antipsychotics in either oral or LAI formulations or with oral SGA. In particular, in most of the SGA‐LAI long‐term studies, the rate of premature dropout was higher than 50%.ConclusionReviewed data suggest that SGA‐LAI show no clear superiority over less expensive drugs (including first‐generation antipsychotic LAI and oral antipsychotic formulations) in reducing the risk of premature antipsychotic discontinuation. Thus, alternative strategies should be considered to improve medication persistence and lower discontinuation rates in patients with severe psychiatric disorders. Planning tailored, individualized, and integrated approaches (including frequent clinical evaluations, and behavioral or other flexible techniques adaptable to different settings and patients) may be an effective intervention for improving patient adherence in long‐term pharmacological treatment regimens.
Can we predict amyloid deposition by objective cognition and regional cerebral blood flow in patients with subjective cognitive decline?
Authors: Funaki Kei , Nakajima Shinichiro , Noda Yoshihiro , Wake Taisei , Ito Daisuke , Yamagata Bun , Yoshizaki Takahito , Kameyama Masashi , Nakahara Tadaki , Murakami Koji , Jinzaki Masahiro , Mimura Masaru , Tabuchi Hajime 
Published: January 2019

BackgroundSubjective cognitive decline (SCD) may herald the first symptoms of Alzheimer's disease (AD) whereas individuals with beta‐amyloid (Aβ) deposition are regarded as a high‐risk group for AD. Recently, amyloid positron emission tomography (PET) studies have demonstrated clinical and cognitive feature differences between Aβ‐positive and negative SCD, but details of their differences remain unclear. We aimed to investigate the relationships among Aβ deposition, clinical, and cognitive features in patients with SCD.MethodsForty‐two patients with SCD (22 women, 74.5 ± 4.7 years) were examined using fluorine‐18 florbetaben PET and were divided into Aβ‐positive (n = 10) and negative (n = 32) groups. We compared cognitive and psychological outcomes, and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging data between the two groups. In addition, a linear regression analysis was performed to assess relationships between the severity of SCD and neuropsychological tests, affective scores, and demographic factors.ResultsThe rate of score changes from the immediate recall to delayed recall in the logical memory subtest of the Wechsler's Memory Scale Revised were different between the groups (P = 0.04). However, the binary logistic regression analysis showed no significant differences between the two. In addition, the severity of SCD was significantly strong in women (P = 0.002). Furthermore, within the Aβ‐negative group, subjective memory loss correlated with word fluency category score (P = 0.023) and apathy scale (P = 0.037).ConclusionsNo significant differences were observed between Aβ‐positive and ‐negative SCD on any of the neuropsychological measures, clinical measures, or SPECT imaging. Further, the severity of SCD was not predicted by the symptoms of anxiety, depression, or neuropsychological examination.
Barriers and facilitators to shellfish cultivation
Authors: Fox Michaela , Service Matt , Moore Heather , Dean Moira , Campbell Katrina 
Published: January 2019

AbstractA literature review was conducted to determine the barriers and facilitators to shellfish cultivation using Northern Ireland (NI) as a case study. This review included 23 papers, published in 14 journals, indexed in the Web of Science database. The eligibility criteria included (i) peer‐reviewed articles or websites from key government or agency stakeholders in the aquaculture supply chain; (ii) had a primary focus on shellfish production; and (iii) made reference to the United Kingdom, Ireland or NI. Six key categories were identified as impacting the aquaculture sector: Economic, Environmental, Technical, Welfare, Political and Consumer factors. The most commonly cited codes within these categories included regulations, management decisions, environmental welfare, weather conditions, consumer needs and water quality. Within the scientific literature, the study designs were variable and NI‐specific data were limited. However, the recommendations were relatively consistent. More evidence‐based data collection is needed to better establish the status of the aquaculture industry in this region and to provide more effective management practices and recommendations. The information gained from this review allowed the identification and discussion of the challenges and opportunities for shellfish production worldwide; an insight into production in NI; and preliminary recommendations for improving this industry. As a result, the review offers important foundations and lessons for other aquaculture production units across the world to assess their industry.
Skills, population aging, and the pattern of international trade
Authors: Gu Ke , Stoyanov Andrey 
Published: January 2019

AbstractSome cognitive functions, such as the ability to update skills and adapt to changes in working conditions, are known to vary with age. With population aging it becomes increasingly difficult for firms to find workers with up‐to‐date skills. As a result, countries with aging populations start losing comparative advantage in industries that rely heavily on those skills. We test this hypothesis and find robust evidence for a significant negative effect of population aging on comparative advantage of a country in industries that are intensive in skill adaptability of labor force, in both the cross‐sectional and the dynamic panel data sets.
Psychometric properties of the cyberbullying triangulation questionnaire: A prevalence analysis through seven roles
Authors: González‐Cabrera Joaquin Manuel , León‐Mejía Ana , Machimbarrena Juan Manuel , Balea Angel , Calvete Esther 
Published: January 2019

This study explores the psychometric properties of the Cyberbullying Triangulation Questionnaire (CTQ), which measures and triangulates the roles of cybervictimization, cyberaggression, and cyberbystanding. The study sample was composed of 5,036 Spanish students with a mean age of 14.19 years (SD = ±1.7; range = 10–23 years). Confirmatory factor analysis of the three correlated‐factor model yielded a high goodness of fit. Reliability as measured by Omega coefficients was adequate (>0.94). The measurement model was invariant for the two age groups (10–14 years and 15–23 years). Cybervictimization and cyberaggression correlated with offline victimization and aggression (r = 0.49; p < 0.001; r = 0.57; p < 0.001, respectively). The results show that the most prevalent cyberbystanding subrole was that of the Defender of the Victim (54.6%), and that cyberaggression and cyberbystanding were more prevalent among male adolescents (p < 0.001). The lack of parental control over children's use of the mobile phone was associated with cyberaggression (p < 0.001).
Bacteremias following autologous stem cell transplantation for multiple myeloma: Risk factors and outcomes
Authors: Mohan Meera , Susanibar‐Adaniya Sandra , Buros Amy , Crescencio Juan Carlos Rico , Burgess Mary J. , Lusardi Katherine , Davies Faith , Morgan Gareth , Vanrhee Frits , Zangari Maurizio , Schinke Carolina , Thanendrarajan Sharmilan , Kothari Atul 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBackgroundAutologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) is a commonly used treatment for multiple myeloma (MM). This retrospective cohort study characterizes the risk factors and outcomes associated with bacteremia following ASCT at a single center.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective analysis in subjects who underwent ASCT for multiple myeloma and other malignancies from May 2014 to March 2015 at a single center. The control cohort included all subjects undergoing ASCT in the same time period who did not develop bacteremia.ResultsDuring the study period, 363 ASCTs were completed in 282 discrete patients. Bacteremia was documented in 13% of all transplants. Enterococcus faecium was the most frequent species overall (14/62, 23%). Vancomycin resistance was present in 93% of E faecium isolates. Bacteremia was associated with a significantly decreased survival in patients who received their transplant after the first year of myeloma treatment. Overall survival (OS) was not significantly different in the two cohorts among patients undergoing ASCT within the first year of myeloma treatment. Survival analysis showed a significantly decreased OS in patients who developed Enterococcus bacteremia as compared to the non‐bacteremia cohort. Enterococcal bacteremia was associated with significantly longer duration of neutropenia (mean 14 vs 9.7 days, P = 0.01), hospitalization (mean 61.7 vs 20.4 days, P = 0.0006), and higher mortality (69% vs 25%, P = 0.01) as compared to other bacteremias.ConclusionWe found a high incidence of E faecium and a low incidence of MRSA and Pseudomonas bacteremias following ASCT in our patient population. Survival analysis in our cohort suggests that the effect of underlying disease status and cumulative chemotherapy is critically important in determining outcomes related to bacteremia. Enterococcal bacteremias following ASCT were associated with significantly higher morbidity and mortality than non‐enterococcal bacteremias.
Identification of an active miniature inverted‐repeat transposable element mJing in rice
Authors: Tang Yanyan , Ma Xin , Zhao Shuangshuang , Xue Wei , Zheng Xu , Sun Hongying , Gu Ping , Zhu Zuofeng , Sun Chuanqing , Liu Fengxia , Tan Lubin 
Published: January 2019

SummaryMiniature inverted‐repeat transposable elements (MITEs) are structurally homogeneous non‐autonomous DNA transposons with high copy numbers that play important roles in genome evolution and diversification. Here, we analyzed the rice high‐tillering dwarf (htd) mutant in an advanced backcross population between cultivated and wild rice, and identified an active MITE named miniature Jing (mJing). The mJing element belongs to the PIF/Harbinger superfamily. japonica rice var. Nipponbare and indica var. 93‐11 harbor 72 and 79 mJing family members, respectively, have undergone multiple rounds of amplification bursts during the evolution of Asian cultivated rice (Oryza sativa L.). A heterologous transposition experiment in Arabidopsis thaliana indicated that the autonomous element Jing is likely to have provides the transposase needed for mJing mobilization. We identified 297 mJing insertion sites and their presence/absence polymorphism among 71 rice samples through targeted high‐throughput sequencing. The results showed that the copy number of mJing varies dramatically among Asian cultivated rice (O. sativa), its wild ancestor (O. rufipogon), and African cultivated rice (O. glaberrima) and that some mJing insertions are subject to directional selection. These findings suggest that the amplification and removal of mJing elements have played an important role in rice genome evolution and species diversification.