bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long‐term effects of repeated botulinum neurotoxin A, bimanual training, and splinting in young children with cerebral palsy
Authors: Lidman Git R M , Nachemson Ann K , Peny‐Dahlstrand Marie B , Himmelmann Kate M E 
Published: June 2019

AimTo investigate long‐term development of hand function after repeated botulinum neurotoxin A (BoNT‐A) and occupational therapy at a young age.MethodTwenty children with unilateral spastic cerebral palsy (CP) (14 males, six females; median inclusion age 3y 1mo, range 1y 11mo–4y 3mo) participated in this longitudinal study. Ten children received occupational therapy after a randomized controlled trial and 10 repeated BoNT‐A plus occupational therapy during 1‐year. The Assisting Hand Assessment (AHA) and active supination, assessed the following 3 years. The assessments were compared with data from a reference group to investigate development over time.ResultsThe improvement in AHA (7.5 AHA units) after BoNT‐A plus occupational therapy was maintained at final follow‐up. The occupational therapy group, unchanged after 1‐year, improved by 5 AHA units (96% confidence interval [CI] 2–10), thus there was no difference between the groups. Median active supination increased in comparison with the reference group. In the BoNT‐A/occupational therapy group, 9 out of 10 (97.85% CI 45 115) children improved in active supination. In the occupational therapy group, 7 out of 10 (97.85% CI –2 to 68) children improved in active supination. No correlation between active supination and AHA was found.InterpretationBimanual performance achieved after BoNT‐A plus occupational therapy was maintained, while it increased by follow‐up in the occupational therapy group, suggesting that combined intervention gave earlier access to bimanual skills. Active supination was unrelated to AHA.What this paper adds

Children whose bimanual performance improved after botulinum neurotoxin A and/or occupational therapy, maintained skills or progressed during follow‐up.

Bimanual performance increased with age, similar to a quality‐register reference group.

Increased active supination after intervention improved at follow‐up but was not related to bimanual performance.
Residual herbicide treatments reduce Andropogon gayanus (Gamba Grass) recruitment for mine site restoration in northern Australia
Authors: Luck Linda , Bellairs Sean M. , Rossiter‐Rachor Natalie A. 
Published: June 2019

SummaryWeed invasion is a major threat to Australian tropical savannas, and controlling weeds is essential for successful re‐establishment of native species on disturbed sites. Gamba Grass (Andropogon gayanus) is an African grass which has invaded large areas of tropical savanna across northern Australia. Current management strategies in northern Australia focus on fire and glyphosate to effectively control mature plants; however, re‐establishment of infestations from the soil seed bank remains a major challenge to eradication efforts. This study focused on the effects of soil seed bank treatments on Gamba Grass recruitment on a mine site in northern Australia. Adult Gamba Grass plants within test plots were killed with glyphosate to exclude resource competition. Chemical, physical and biological treatments were then applied, and the treatment effects on subsequent Gamba Grass seedling emergence and survival quantified. Seedling emergence was significantly reduced by three of the four residual herbicide treatments tested. The most effective herbicide treatments, dalapon and sulfometuron, reduced emergence by 90% compared to the standard glyphosate treatment alone. This equated to a reduction in Gamba Grass seedling emergence from 1 seedling/m2 to 1 seedling 10 m−2, a major improvement for Gamba Grass management. These residual herbicide treatments significantly reduced the population density of Gamba Grass for at least 5 months after emergence. The physical and biological treatments did not have a significant effect on seedling emergence. This significant reduction in Gamba Grass seedling emergence and survival can substantially improve Gamba Grass management. Reducing re‐colonisation from the soil seed bank using residual herbicides provides a valuable management tool for land managers, integrating readily with established strategies for controlling the mature plants.
Comparative and international education research in a post‐truth era
Authors: Suspitsyna Tatiana 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe paper offers a postcolonial critique of comparative and international education (CIE) research in the United States (US) by tracing the Euro‐centrism of its agendas, methodologies and publications to their colonial entanglements in the past and examining the current predicament of CIE in the context of the rising nationalist and anti‐science discourses in the US. Viewed through the prism of actor‐network theory, CIE represents a circulatory network of scholars and students, methods and surveys, national and supranational funding agencies and the public opinion that shapes education policymaking. As they seek to garner public support, create new allies among politicians and donors and infuse their network with international knowledge and scholars, CIE researchers revisit the ontological and epistemological assumptions of their field, address the dominance of Western perspectives in CIE in the context of the White House rhetoric of hostility toward non‐Western nations and justify the veracity of their science to policymakers.
Kaposi sarcoma in Southern Finland (2006–2018)
Authors: Kluger Nicolas , Blomqvist Carl , Kivelä Pia 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundKaposi sarcoma (KS) age‐standardized incidence rate is below 0.3 per 100,000 in Nordic countries. Data on KS in Finland have been sparse.MethodsA retrospective review of all the patients with KS cases managed in the Helsinki University Central Hospital between 2006 and 2018.ResultsForty patients (median age at diagnosis 45 years, 38 males) were included. About 2.5 new cases were diagnosed per year (incidence 0.16 /100,000). The different subtypes of KS were: human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (65%), classical KS (30%), and immunodepression (5%). Patients with HIV were significantly younger, more likely to have cutaneous lesions of the face, the trunk, and mucosal lesions, and KS within lymph nodes and inner organs. KS was diagnosed at the same time as HIV in 77% of cases, 28% with CD4‐cell level above 300 cells/mm3. Among the patients with classical KS (n = 12), 75% were of Finnish origin, 41% had a second primary malignancy diagnosed, and 25% had noninsulin dependent diabetes mellitus. Among HIV patients, 27% had another AIDS‐related illness, 7% of the patients developed lymphoproliferative disorders, and 7% a hemophagocytic syndrome. Patients with HIV were always treated with antiviral therapy, with pegylated liposomal doxorubicin in 57% of the cases. Local radiotherapy was the main treatment for other KS types. None of the 5 deaths during follow‐up was related to KS.ConclusionsClassical KS (KS‐CLA) occurs among native Finns, frequently with other present malignancies. Screening of HIV and other malignancies is warranted in new cases of KS.
Uranium brannerite with Tb(III)/Dy(III) ions: Phase formation, structures, and crystallizations in glass
Authors: Zhang Yingjie , Wei Tao , Zhang Zhaoming , Kong Linggen , Dayal Pranesh , Gregg Daniel J. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractUranium brannerite phases with terbium(III) or dysprosium(III) ions have been investigated. The precursors with molar ratio of 0.5:0.5:2 (Ln: U: Ti with Ln = Tb or Dy) were prepared and calcined at 750°C in argon. Sintering the pelletized samples in argon at 1200°C led to the formation of pyrochlore phases with TiO2 rutile and U‐rich oxides while sintering in air led to the formation of brannerite phases with the nominal composition close to Ln0.5U0.5Ti2O6 together with trace amounts of TiO2 rutile and LnUO4. Incorporating an excess of TiO2 (20 wt%) and sintering at higher temperature (1300°C) resulted in no obvious change to the phase equilibrium. As designed, pentavalent uranium has been proven to be dominant in these brannerite phases with diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. The relationships between the cell parameters and the ionic radii of the A‐site cations have been explored and rationalized from the structure point of view for a range of titanate brannerite phases (ATi2O6). In addition, the crystallization of Ln0.5U0.5Ti2O6 brannerite in glass has been achieved via heat treatment at 1200°C and confirmed with X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy‐energy dispersive spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy–selected area electron diffraction.
Thermal activation effects in crack propagation and reliability of fused silica
Authors: Cook Robert F. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe thermal activation energy u1 characterizing changes in crack velocity with temperature for fused silica in water is determined. The determination is based on a new analysis that incorporates the familiar Arrhenius term for thermally activated processes and a term characterizing the departure of the propagating crack system from fracture equilibrium. In determining u1 from experimental data, the Arrhenius term and the nonequilibrium term are of approximately equal magnitude. The analysis is applied to an extensive compilation of crack velocity measurements in fused silica to arrive at an estimate of u1 = (69 ± 11) kJ mol−1, where the value represents the multi‐laboratory mean ± variability. This value is greater than that assumed in some earlier works and characterizes a typical within‐laboratory increase in crack velocity of a factor of approximately 102 in fused silica between freezing and boiling water conditions and a decrease of a factor of 103 in component time to failure for the same change in conditions. The multi‐laboratory variation in velocity at fixed temperature is comparable to the within‐laboratory maximum increase, perhaps obscuring temperature effects.
A rapid review of educational preparedness of advanced clinical practitioners
Authors: Dover Nicola , Lee Geraldine A. , Raleigh Mary , Baker Edward J. , Starodub Roksolana , Bench Suzanne , Garry Brendan 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to synthesize available data on current educational provision related to preparation for the advanced clinical practice role.DesignA mixed methods rapid review of the literature.Data SourcesA search of Ovid Medline and Ovid EMBASE for English language papers published 2006–2018 resulted in 38 publications, which met the criteria for inclusion.Review MethodsUsing Tricco's seven‐stage process, following an identification of relevant papers and data extraction, a data‐based convergent synthesis was used to convert quantitative papers into qualitative data prior to completing a narrative synthesis.ResultsThe four themes identified from data synthesis were consolidation; theory to practice gap; competency and mentoring. A lack of preparedness for new advanced clinical practitioners completing an educational programme was noted with a need identified for a clinically focussed consolidation period to enable practitioners to develop their skills under supervision in the clinical environment.ConclusionAs the needs for different models of health care evolve with the expansion of advanced practice, appropriate education and clinical supervision are important aspects in the delivery of programmes that allow individuals to be competent and confident practitioners providing safe and effective health care.ImpactThere is a paucity of papers on educational preparedness of advanced clinical practitioners. Our findings demonstrate a lack of preparedness and the need for a clinically focussed consolidation period with good role models and mentors following completion of a Master's programme. Employers and higher education institutions need to ensure a protected period of time is available for newly qualified advanced clinical practitioners to allow consolidation of clinical practice.
Depression as a mediator of quality of life in patients with neuropathic pain: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Lu Yue , Li Jing , Liu Yu 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAimsTo explore whether pain intensity has an indirect effect on quality of life through mediation of depression in patients with neuropathic pain (NeP).DesignAn observational, questionnaire‐based, cross‐sectional study.MethodsA convenience sample of patients suffering from NeP were enrolled from June 2015 ‐ May 2016. Three questionnaires were used to collect data of pain intensity, Quality of life and depression. Andrew Hayes' PROCESS macro modelling tool for the SPSS software, based on the mediation Bootstrap confidence interval method, was used to analyse the mediation effect.ResultsBoth pain intensity and depression correlated negatively with the quality of life of patients. The indirect effect of pain intensity on the quality of life through depression was negative.ConclusionsIncreased pain intensity and depression were associated with a decreased quality of life in patients suffering from NeP and pain intensity had an indirect effect on the quality of life of patients through depression.ImpactA low quality of life and depression are commonly seen in patients with NeP. However, little is known about the relationship between pain, quality of life and depression. Both pain intensity and depression had some negative effect on quality of life in patients with NeP. Pain intensity had an indirect effect on quality of life through a mediation effect of depression in patients with NeP. When caring for patients with NeP, nurses should assess depression routinely and try to alleviate it.
Psychometric validation of the Multidimensional Nursing Generations Questionnaire (MNGQ)
Authors: Stevanin Simone , Mikkonen Santtu , Bressan Valentina , Vehviläinen‐Julkunen Katri , Kvist Tarja 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAimsTo perform a psychometric test of the factor structure of the Multidimensional Nursing Generation Questionnaire, an instrument developed to measure nursing generational characteristics in the workplace and investigate the relations among its factors and background variables.BackgroundNurses today include members of the Baby Boomer and X and Y generations, whose characteristics in the work environment have not been studied thoroughly.DesignInstrument and construct cross‐sectional study for psychometric testing/validation.MethodsQuestionnaire components and constructs were tested using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), structural equation modelling and Cronbach's alpha. For this purpose, a survey was conducted in November 2016 on a sample of Finnish and Italian nurses working in public hospitals (N = 3,218).ResultsEight hundred twenty‐two nurses completed the questionnaire, where CFA identified 48 items and six factors with acceptable internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha range: 0.73–0.88): (a) Conflicts between generations; (b) Patient safety view; (c) Relationships issues between generations; (d) Working as a multigenerational team; (e) Orientation to change; and (f) Work propensity and availability. Various relations were identified among the background variables and factors that related largely to generational belonging, educational level and country.ConclusionThe final version of the questionnaire demonstrates a more robust factor structure than did the preliminary. Further tests should be conducted on nurses in different countries/cultures and work environments.ImpactThe complete validation of the Multidimensional Nursing Generation Questionnaire will provide research evidence useful to create an inclusive work environment for each generation.
A web‐based tailored nursing intervention (TAVIE en m@rche) aimed at increasing walking after an acute coronary syndrome: Multicentre randomized trial
Authors: Kayser John William , Cossette Sylvie , Côté José , Tanguay Jean‐Francois , Tremblay Jean‐Francois , Diodati Jean Gino , Bourbonnais Anne , Purden Margaret , Juneau Martin , Terrier Julien , Dupuis Jocelyn , Maheu‐Cadotte Marc‐André , Fontaine Guillaume , Cournoyer Daniel 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAimEvaluate a web‐based tailored nursing intervention, TAVIE en m@rche, on increasing daily steps after an acute coronary syndrome.DesignParallel two‐group multicentre randomized trial.MethodsAn experimental group receiving TAVIE en m@rche, was compared to a control group receiving hyperlinks to public websites. Acute coronary syndrome patients who were insufficiently active were recruited from three coronary care units. Daily steps at 12 weeks were the primary outcome. Secondary outcomes included self‐reported walking and moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Exploratory outcomes were angina frequency, emergency department visits, hospitalizations and secondary prevention programme attendance.ResultsPrimary data were analysed for 39 participants. No significant effects were found. At 12 weeks 275.9 more daily steps and 1,464.3 more energy expenditure in MVPA were found in the experimental group relative to the control. No effects were found for angina frequency, emergency department visits, hospitalizations and secondary prevention programme attendance.ConclusionThe lack of effect on our primary result may be explained by the intervention goal that was mismatched to the needs of our mostly sufficiently active sample at randomization, resulting in no meaningful change in daily steps. Although the non‐significantly greater increase in self‐reported MVPA may represent gains in health among the participants that accessed TAVIE en m@rche, this result should be interpreted with caution.ImpactFrom 40%‐60% of acute coronary syndrome patients self‐report insufficient levels of physical activity. No effect was found on the primary outcome of daily steps. Although not significant, a greater increase in MVPA was found at 12 weeks. The primary outcome can be explained by most of the sample having attained the physical activity recommendation at randomization. Caution in interpreting the non‐significant increase in MVPA is warranted due to attrition bias and statistical uncertainty. Future directions may consider the timing of randomization in relation to meeting the needs of insufficiently active acute coronary syndrome patients.
Development and cross‐validation of a new instrument to measure nurse’s positive energy of retention: A methodological study
Authors: Wu Chia‐Chen , Lin Chiu‐Chu , Chang Shu‐Chen , Chou Hsiu‐Ling , Jone Kuen‐Yung , Lin Huey‐Shyan 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to develop and psychometrically test a new instrument for measuring nurse’s positive energy of retention (NPER).BackgroundThe shortage of professional nurses is an unresolved global issue. Few studies explored the issue of the retention of nurses in terms of a positive psychological viewpoint.DesignMethodological study.MethodsData collection was from June 2016–August 2017. Nurses (N = 947) recruited from northern, central and southern Taiwan covering different levels of hospitals were divided into three samples, which were used for explaratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and cross‐validation respectively.ResultsEFA resulted in a three‐factor solution: proactive and persevering characteristics, nursing professional identity and passion accounting for 61.8% of total variance. The proposed three‐factor model was confirmed by CFA. Cross‐validation provided further evidence for the construct validity of the NPER instrument with 24 items. Cronbach's alpha coefficient of three subscales of the instrument were 0.95, 0.89, and 0.92 separately and 0.96 for the total scale.ConclusionPsychometric properties indicate that the newly formulated NPER instrument is a valid and reliable assessment tool to recruit nurses who are more likely to remain in nursing.ImpactThe study addressed the personal intrinsic factors, which are very important for nurses’ retention. The NPER instrument consisted of three subscales is a reliable and psychometrically valid new instrument. Managers could apply the NPER instrument to recruit nurses possessing the attributes of positive energy of retention. Furthermore, researchers could use the rigorous process provided in the study to establish a new instrument.
The association of obstructive sleep apnea and left ventricular hypertrophy in obese and overweight children with history of elevated blood pressure
Authors: Hanlon Colleen E. , Binka Edem , Garofano Jeffrey S. , Sterni Laura M. , Brady Tammy M. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractObesity is a potent cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factor and is associated with left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is common among individuals with obesity and is also associated with CVD risk. The authors sought to determine the association of OSA, a modifiable CVD risk factor, with LVH among overweight/obese youth with elevated blood pressure (EBP). This was a cross‐sectional analysis of the baseline visit of 61 consecutive overweight/obese children with history of EBP who were evaluated in a pediatric obesity hypertension clinic. OSA was defined via sleep study or validated questionnaire. Children with and without OSA were compared using Fisher's exact tests, Student's t tests, and Wilcoxon rank sum test. Multivariable logistic regression evaluated the association between OSA and LVH. In this cohort, 71.7% of the children had LVH. Children with OSA were more likely to have LVH (85.7% vs 59.4%, P = 0.047). OSA was associated with 4.11 times greater odds of LVH (95% CI 1.15, 14.65; P = 0.030), remaining significant after adjustment for age, sex, race, and BMI z‐score (after adjustment for hypertension, P = 0.051). A severe obstructive apnea‐hypopnea index (AHI >10) was associated with 14 times greater odds of LVH (95% CI 1.14, 172.64, P = 0.039). OSA was significantly associated with LVH among overweight/obese youth with EBP, even after adjustment for age, sex, race, and BMI z‐score. Those with the most severe OSA (AHI >10) had the greatest risk for LVH. Future studies exploring the impact of OSA treatment on CVD risk in children are needed.
Hepatic functional and pathological changes of type 1 diabetic mice in growing and maturation time
Authors: Jiang Saizhi , Tang Xiaoqiang , Wang Kai , Liang Yaqing , Qian Yan , Lu Chaosheng , Cai Lu 
Published: June 2019

AbstractTo detect the changes in the liver function in both male and female OVE26 mice from young to adults for better understanding of type 1 diabetes‐induced hepatic changes, OVE26 mice and wild‐type FVB mice were raised in the same environment without any intervention, and then killed at 4, 12, 24 and 36 weeks for examining liver's general properties, including pathogenic and molecular changes. The influence of diabetes on the bodyweight of male and female mice was different. Both male and female OVE26 mice did not obtain serious liver injury or non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease, manifested by mild elevation of plasma alanine transaminase, and less liver lipid content along with significantly suppressed lipid synthesis. Uncontrolled diabetes also did not cause hepatic glycogen accumulation in OVE26 mice after 4 weeks. Oxidative stress test showed no change in lipid peroxidation, but increased protein oxidation. Changed endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis along with increased antioxidant capacity was observed in OVE26 mice. In conclusion, uncontrolled type 1 diabetes did not cause hepatic lipid deposition most likely because of reduced lipids synthesis in response to insulin deficiency. Enhanced antioxidant capacity might not only prevent the occurrence of severe acute liver injury but also the self‐renewal, leading to liver dysfunction.