bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Differential Diagnosis of the Polycythaemias by Plasma Iron Turnover Determination
Authors: Telfer Nancy , Schiffman Norman 
Published: March 2018

SummaryWe have demonstrated the value of the red blood cell mass and plasma iron turnover determinations in differentiating among the three polycythaemias. We have proposed a simple, clinically practical test, and a mathematical means of expressing it, in which, by use of one serum iron determination and one injection of Fe59, both the RBC mass and the PIT can be determined.Two corrections are necessary in the blood volume calculations if one is to use the Fe59 plasma labelling method:1. Twenty per cent must be subtracted from the blood volume value determined.2. The total body haematocrit (0.91 × Hctv) is used.The significance of the PIT is determined by comparing the observed PIT with the PIT predicted to be necessary to maintain the patient’s RBC mass; this value is termed the Polycythaemia Index. It was shown that in polycyth-aemia vera the PIT is in excess of that necessary to maintain the red cell mass,whereas in the other polycythaemias the PIT is just adequate to maintain the red cell mass.The results obtained in patients with primary polycythaemia, secondary polycythaemia, and relative polycythaemia are compared with the results in a group of controls, and the value of the procedure demonstrated.
Ein neues, einfaches Gerät zur Isotopen-Nephrographie
Authors: Höfer R. , Egert H. , Roszuczky A. 
Published: March 2018

ZusammenfassungUnsere bisherigen Erfahrungen haben gezeigt, daß mit dieser Methode im wesentlichen die gleichen Ergebnisse erzielt werden können, wie mit der konventionellen Nephrographie. Die Notwendigkeit auf Informationen aus der ersten (Durchblutungs-)Phase des Nephrogramms verzichten zu müssen, dürfte den diagnostischen Wert der Methode nicht wesentlich einschränken. Dagegen bedeutet die Verwendung nur eines Szintillationskopfes neben der relativen Billigkeit den Vorteil, daß naturgemäß die Notwendigkeit wegfällt, zwei Szin-tillationszähler in ihrer Empfindlichkeit aufeinander abzustimmen. Die Einstellung des Detektors im Verhältnis zum Nierenparenchym ist durch die Verwendung der angegebenen Kollimation und durch die Tatsache, daß das Parenchym beider Nieren in einer Richtung überwandert wird, relativ einfach. Die Tatsache, daß die Kurven für beide Nieren gleichzeitig von einem Schreiber aufgezeichnet werden, bringt für die Interpretation gewisse Vorteile.
Gamma-Ray Spectrometric Analysis of Some Trace Elements in the Human Articular Disc of the Mandible
Authors: Bergman Bo , Söremark Rune 
Published: March 2018

SummaryBy means of neutron activation and gamma-ray spectrometry the concentrations in the human mandibular articular disc of the following elements have been determined: Na, Mn, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Cd, W, and Au. The discs were obtained at necropsy from seven men and nine women, ranging in age from 56 to 71 years.The activation was carried out in a thermal neutron flux of about 1.7 XlO12 neutrons × cm−2 × sec.−1 for about 20 hours. A chemical group separationwas performed before the gamma-ray spectrometry. Quantitative data based on the dry weight of the cartilage samples were obtained by comparing the photo-peak area of the identified elements with those of appropriate standards.
Zur Methodik des 131J-Trijodthyronin-in-vitro-Tests
Authors: Moll E. , Romen W. , Börner W. 
Published: March 2018

ZusammenfassungEingangs wird das Prinzip eines 131J-Trijodthyronin-in-vitro-Tests (131JT3-Test), der den Kationenaustauscher Amberlite CG 50 II benützt, beschrieben. Methodische Untersuchungen zu diesem Test hatten folgende Ergebnisse:1. Auf eine Vorinkubation des Serum-131 JT3-Gemisches kann nicht verzichtet werden. 15 min sind hierfür ausreichend.2. Das Alter von verschlossenen, kühl gelagerten Seren beeinflußt den Test während der beiden, auf die Blutabnahme folgenden Tage nicht. Am 3. und 6. Tag danach wird eine leichte Erhöhung der Werte beobachtet.3. Die Abhängigkeit der 131JT3-Aufnahme vom pH-Wert des Blutes wird untersucht. Im physiologischen pH-Bereich wird die Schwankungsbreite der Wasserstoffionenkonzentration durch eine Pufferung des Inkubationsgemisches nur unwesentlich verringert. Deshalb verzichten wir auf die Verwendung einer Pufferlösung.4. Bei Durchführung des 131JT3-Tests im offenen System tritt in Fällen von CO2-Retention ein allmählicher CO2-Ausgleich und damit eine Eliminierung dieses Störfaktors ein.5. Eine mehr oder minder starke Anlagerung des 131JT3 an Glaswaren läßt sich kaum vermeiden. Bei der Durchführung des Tests in der von uns angegebenen Weise tritt hierdurch jedoch keine Verfälschung der Ergebnisse ein.
A Simple Pulse Interval Analyzer for Scintillation Scanning Technical Note
Authors: Erban J. , Hušák V. , Wiedermann M. 
Published: March 2018

SummaryA simple pulse interval analyzer as an attachment to a scanner was developed which efficiently suppresses the background of scintiscans. The analyzer was used both for mechanical and optical records, the latter exploiting a television cathode-ray tube. Electronic details of the apparatus and examples of its use are given.
Thrombin generation before and after multicomponent blood collection
Authors: Cimenti C. , Sipurzynski S. , Gallistl S. , Rosenkranz A. , Hiden M. , Leschnik B. , Schallmoser K. , Lanzer G. , Muntean W. E. 
Published: March 2018

SummaryIThe development of apheresis technology has increased efficiency in donor blood use by collecting specific blood components in several combinations. The question of donor safety raised by the contact of donor blood with foreign, only in part biocompatible surfaces remains. The aim of this study was to estimate the effect of multicomponent blood collection on thrombin generation performing an overall function test of coagulation. Donors, methods: 26 blood donors were included. Per apheresis two units of platelets and one unit of RBCs were collected by two cell separators (Amicus® and Trima Accel®). Each donor underwent the procedure on both apheresis systems. Samples were collected before, immediately after, and 48 hours after apheresis. Thrombin generation was measured by means of calibrated automated thrombography (CAT). Results: CATdata changed only slightly and no significant changes were seen before, immediately after, and 48 hours after apheresis. The parameters did not differ significantly between the two different apheresis devices. Conclusion: No change in parameters of continuous thrombin generation occurred, suggesting that apheresis did not lead to severe alterations in the haemostatic system.
Nicht-viraler Gentransfer führt zu therapeutischen Faktor-IX-Spiegeln im Hämophilie-B-Mausmodell
Authors: Milanov P. , Roth S. , Seifried E. , Tonn T. , Schüttrumpf J. 
Published: March 2018

ZusammenfassungIn ersten klinischen Gentherapiestudien mit viralen Vektoren sind Bedenken hinsichtlich des Risikos der Entstehung von Malignomen sowie bezüglich unerwarteter Immunantworten gegen virale Proteine aufgekommen. Im Gegensatz dazu standen nicht virale Therapien bisher eher im Abseits. In unserer Studie untersuchen wir daher einen nicht-viralen Ansatz zur Behandlung der Hämophilie B. Methodik: Zuerst wurde ein Expressionsplasmid für eine starke leberspezifische Faktor-IX(FIX)-Expression konstruiert. Um den Vektor zu testen, wurden Gruppen von FIX-Knockout-Mäusen zwei Vektordosierungen mittels hydrodynamischer Injektionstechnik appliziert. Ergebnis: Bereits eine einmalige Behandlung führte zu FIX-Expression oberhalb 100% normaler Plasmaspiegel. Das FIX-Protein war voll funktionsfähig, inhibitorische Antikörper gegen FIX wurden nicht beobachtet, Expressionsspiegel waren abhängig von der Vektordosis. Schlussfolgerung: Die hier vorgestellten FIX-Expressionsspiegel im Mausmodell geben Hoffnung auf die Weiterentwicklung nicht viraler Gentherapieansätzen zur Behandlung der Hämophilie B auch am Menschen.
Cutaneous ulcers following hydroxyurea therapy
Authors: Hartmann K. , Nagel S. , Erichsen T. , Rabe E. , Grips K. H. , Bieber T. , Pannier-Fischer F. 
Published: March 2018

SummaryHydroxyurea (HU) is usually a well tolerated antineoplastic agent and is commonly used in the treatment of chronic myeloproliferative diseases. Dermatological side effects are frequently seen in patients receiving longterm HU therapy. Cutaneous ulcers have been reported occasionally.We report on four patients with cutaneous ulcers whilst on long-term hydroxyurea therapy for myeloproliferative diseases. In all patients we were able to reduce the dose, or stop HU altogether and their ulcers markedly improved. Our observations suggest that cutaneous ulcers should be considered as possible side effect of long-term HU therapy and healing of the ulcers can be achieved not only by cessation of the HU treatment, but also by reducing the dose of hydroxyurea for a limited time.
Rezidivvarizen: Progression der Varikosis
Authors: Hofer T. 
Published: March 2018

Zusammenfassung
Ziel: Welche klinische Bedeutung hat das echte Magnakrossenrezidiv (MKR) im Kontext mit der natürlichen Progression der Varizenkrankheit in einem Kollektiv von Voroperierten (KVO)? Methode: Bei 221 Patienten mit erneuter Varizenbildung bei Zustand nach früher erfolgten Krossektomien mit oder ohne Stripping epifaszialer Varizen werden die MKR und die von ihnen ausgehenden Rezidivvarizen auf ihre klinische und hämodynamische Relevanz hin untersucht und den im Rahmen der Progression der Varikosis neu aufgetretenen Magnakrosseninsuffizienzen (nMKI) gegenübergestellt. Ergebnisse: Neben 112 nMKI bestehen 118 MKR, 46 von ihnen stehen in Verbindung mit einem noch in situ gelegenen Magnastamm (oder kalibermäßig vergleichbarem Gefäß). In 50% lässt sich in diesen Fällen photoplethysmographisch ein pathologischer T0-Wert <19 s nachweisen. 54 MKR, in Verbindung stehend mit unsystematischen Seitenastvarizen oder einer Vena saphena magna accessoria zeigen nur in 24% T0-Werte <19 s (p = 0,014). 39% der MKR erfordern eine erneute operative Revision. Dies entspricht 20% der duplexsonographisch nachgewiesenen MKR und nMKI im KVO. Schlussfolgerung: Die klinische Relevanz der MKR bleibt bescheiden im direkten Vergleich mit der Progression der Varizenkrankheit.
Ätiologie sekundärer Lymphödeme onkologischer Genese
Authors: Neuhüttler S. , Kröll A. , Brenner E. 
Published: March 2018

ZusammenfassungNeoplasien stellen eine wichtige Ursache für sekundäre Lymphödeme dar. Dabei kann der Tumor selbst (malignes Lymphödem) oder seine Therapie das Lymphödem auslösen. Die wichtigsten Neoplasien im Hinblick auf Lymphödeme betreffen – in absteigender absoluter Lymphödem-Inzidenz – die Mamma, die Prostata, die Haut (Melanom), das Ovar und die Harnblase. Jedoch können auch zahlreiche andere Tumore direkt oder indirekt ein sekundäres Lymphödem auslösen. Ganz klar erkennbar ist, dass mit der Radikalität der Therapien die Inzidenz von Lymphödemen zunimmt; Daten für einen Zusammenhang mit dem Schweregrad fehlen jedoch. Bei zunehmenden Überlebensraten steigt daher die Prävalenz von Patentinnen und Patienten mit einem Lymphödem mit physischen und/oder psychischen Beschwerden und Einschränkungen im Erwerbsund/oder Privatleben.
Ambulatory and haemodynamic treatment of venous insufficiency by ultrasound-guided sclerotherapy (ESEC cure)
Authors: Bernardini E. , Piccioli R. , Bisacci C. , Pagliuca V. , Bisacci R. , De Rango P. 
Published: March 2018

SummaryOptimal treatment for venous insufficiency is still conflicting. Aim of this study was to assess long term outcome of a new method of sclerosis for treatment of primary varicose veins. Methods: ESEC (Echo-Sclerosis haEmodynamic Conservative) technique is a new treatment for varicose veins that combines sclerotherapy and haemodynamic principles. Super-selective sclerosis of a saphenous branch or saphenous trunk interrupts venous pressure column (primary cause of venous stasis) over a reentry confluence. Advantageous new drainages into deep circulation through saphenous junctions and perforating veins follow. Results: A total of 146 ESECs (107 great, 24 small, and 15 accessory saphenous veins) with at least two years follow up were analysed. There was no treatment failure. At 14 years, 100% of visible varicosities were successfully clinically treated (complete absence, or minor varicosities or symptoms after treatment). Cosmetic outcome was assessed by the patients as good (excellent or fair cosmesis). Over 14 years, repeated treatment was required with a mean of 2.16/case. Mean vein diameter decrease was 52%. Conclusion: ESEC technique is efficient, safe, in-office manageable and easily repeatable. It might be considered as the primary treatment for most varicose patients. Large comparative study assessing cost-efficacy and patient satisfaction from a life-long point of view are needed.
Sex hormone receptors in varicose veins of women with premenstrual syndrome
Authors: Dzieciuchowicz L. , Kotwicka M. , Gabriel M. , Szczęśniak-Chmielecka A. , Krasińska B. , Oszkinis G. , Majewski W. , Krasiński Z. 
Published: March 2018

SummaryThe pathogenesis of premenstrual tension syndrome is not fully understood. It has been hypothesized that the interaction between sex hormones and target organs is the key event in its pathogenesis. Aim: The purpose of the study was to examine the differences in the prevalence of smooth muscle cells with sex hormones receptors in varicose veins of women with and without premenstrual tension syndrome (PS). Patients, methods: Samples of great saphenous vein were obtained from 50 women during varicose vein surgery. They were divided into group I (20 women with clinically diagnosed PS) and group II (30 women without PS). Estrogen and progesterone receptors were detected with an immunohistochemical method. Superficial densities of smooth muscle cells positive to estrogen and progesterone receptors were analyzed with densitometric program IM-AN and automatic image analyzer Magicall. The results were compared with t-Student test. Results: There were no differences in superficial density of smooth muscle cells positive to estrogen receptors between the groups. In contradiction to this, superficial density of smooth muscle cells positive to progesterone receptors was higher in group with PS than in patients without, 343 (±171) and 240 (±123), respectively. The difference was statistically significant (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The amount of cells with sex hormone receptors, not the level of hormones, could play a role in PS pathology. Our results show that progesterone is more important than estrogen in effector organs.
Effectivness and tolerability of bipolar radiofrequency-induced thermotherapy for the treatment of incompetent saphenous veins
Authors: Harnoss B. , Akkersdijk G. , Braithwaite B. , Hnatek L. , Roche E. , Santoro P. , Sarlija M. , Sezgin Y. , Nio D. , Ajduk M. , Koios D. , Camci M. 
Published: March 2018

SummaryEndoluminal techniques such as laser therapy, radiofrequency therapy and sclerotherapy are increasingly replacing classic stripping for the treatment of incompetent saphenous veins. Interim results of the ongoing international, multicentre BRITTIV study to investigate the effectiveness and tolerability of the minimally invasive bipolar radiofrequency-induced thermal therapy (RFITT) are presented. Patients, methods: A flexible bipolar RFITT applicator is passed under ultrasound control into the affected vein of patients with varicosis of the great saphenous vein (GSV) or small saphenous vein (SSV). The vein is occluded by impedance-controlled release of radiofrequency energy as the RFITT applicator is slowly and smoothly withdrawn. The effectivness and tolerability of RFITT is checked over a one-year period by regular follow-ups. Results: To date a total of 345 saphenous veins (90% GSV, 10% SSV) in 271 patients (average age 50 years, 63% women, mean CEAP score 2.8) have been treated with RFITT in eight European hospitals. 72% of patients underwent general anaesthesia (18% spinal, 11% local) and tumescent anaesthesia was also used in 83% of the veins (mean length 45 cm). The average application time was 1.4 s/cm with a mean power output of 24 Watt. At the interim analysis after an average follow-up of 103 days, 90% of 335 treated veins were occluded. Differential analysis showed that partial (P) and complete (C) recurrences occurred significantly less often when longer application times had been used, whereby complete recurrences showed a greater reduction in frequency than partial. The total recurrence rate with an application time < 1 s/cm was 22% (P = 10%, C = 12%); with an application time between 1.0 and 1.4 s/cm it had already fallen to 9% (P = 6%, C = 3%) and with a time greater than 1.4 s/cm it was only 4% (P = 3%, C = 1%). According to subjective pain assessment on a visual analogue scale (VAS) of 0 to 10 (corresponding to no pain up to the strongest conceivable pain), by the first day after treatment already 74% of those questioned had only slight remaining pain or none at all (VAS 0–2). This generally low subjective pain sensation continued to fall at subsequent followups and at the 6-month follow-up, 99% of patients reported a VAS score of 0. Nearly all patients (99%) were satisfied with the treatment and would recommend it to others. Conclusions: With the same power output, even a minor increase in the application time to more than 1.4 s/cm can markedly reduce recurrence rate. In summary, the ongoing BRITTIV study illustrates the potential of RFITT for use in phlebology as it combines a spatially-defined obliteration of incompetent saphenous veins with overall moderate side effects and impressive results.
Radioligands for imaging myocardial α- and β-adrenoceptors
Authors: Schäfers M. , Law M. P. , Wichter T. , Schober O. , Riemann B. 
Published: March 2018

SummaryAlpha- and beta-adrenoceptors play an important role in the control of heart function. According to their molecular, biological, and pharmacological characteristics, they are subdivided into α1-, α2- and β1-, β2-, β3-, β4-adrenoceptors. In cardiac disease, there is often a selective downregulation of β1-adrenoceptors associated with a relative increase in β2- and α1-adrenoceptors. Functional imaging techniques like single-photon emission tomography (SPECT) and positron emission tomography (PET) provide the unique capability for non-invasive assessment of cardiac adrenoceptors. Radioligands with high specific binding to cardiac α- and β-adrenoceptors suitable for radiolabelling are required for clinical studies. The non-selective β-adrenoceptor antagonist [11C]CGP-12177 was used to quantify β-adrenoceptor density using PET in patients with heart disease. New non-selective ligands (e. g. [11C]CGP-12388, [18F]CGP-12388, [11C]carazolol and [18F]fluorocarazolol) are currently evaluated; β1-selective radioligands (e. g. [11C]CGP-26505, [11C]bisoprolol, [11C]HX-CH 44) and β2-selective radioligands (e. g. [11C]formoterol, [11C]ICI-118551) were assessed in animals. None of them turned out as suitable for cardiac PET.Potential radioligands for imaging cardiac α1-adrenoceptors are based on prazosin. Whereas [11C]prazosin shows low specific binding to myocardium, its derivative [11C]GB67 looks more promising. The putative α2-adrenoceptor radioligand [11C]MK-912 shows high uptake in rodent myocardium but has not yet been evaluated in man.A number of radioligands were evaluated for assessing cardiac adrenoceptors using PET. New radioligands are needed to provide more insight into cardiac pathophysiology which may influence the therapeutic management of patients with cardiovascular disease.
Quantitative accuracy of serotonergic neurotrans-mission imaging with high-resolution 123I SPECT
Authors: Kuikka J. T. 
Published: March 2018

Summary
Aim: Serotonin transporter (SERT) imaging can be used to study the role of regional abnormalities of neurotransmitter release in various mental disorders and to study the mechanism of action of therapeutic drugs or drugs’ abuse. We examine the quantitative accuracy and reproducibility that can be achieved with high-resolution SPECT of serotonergic neurotransmission. Method: Binding potential (BP) of 123I labeled tracer specific for midbrain SERT was assessed in 20 healthy persons. The effects of scatter, attenuation, partial volume, mis-registration and statistical noise were estimated using phantom and human studies. Results: Without any correction, BP was underestimated by 73%. The partial volume error was the major component in this underestimation whereas the most critical error for the reproducibility was misplacement of region of interest (ROI). Conclusion: The proper ROI registration, the use of the multiple head gamma camera with transmission based scatter correction introduce more relevant results. However, due to the small dimensions of the midbrain SERT structures and poor spatial resolution of SPECT, the improvement without the partial volume correction is not great enough to restore the estimate of BP to that of the true one.
Tissue distribution of radioiodinated FAUC113
Authors: Hocke C. , Löber S. , Hübner H. , Gmeiner P. , Kuwert T. , Prante O. 
Published: March 2018

Summary
Aim: Disturbances of the D4 receptor subtype have been implicated in the genesis of a broad range of psychiatric disorders. In order to assess the suitability of a radioiodinated analogue of the D4-selective ligand FAUC 113 for tracer studies in vivo, we investigated the in-vivo stability, biodistribution and brain-uptake of 7-131I-FAUC 113 in Sprague-Dawley rats. Methods: Radiolabelling was carried out with high radiochemical yield and specific activity. After intravenous injection, blood and tissue samples, taken at designated time intervals, were collected for analysis. Analyses of metabolites were performed by radiohplc and radio-tlc. For in-vivo evaluation, sagittal cryo-sections of the rat brain were investigated by in-vitro and exvivo autoradiography on a μ-Imager system. Results: 7-131I-FAUC 113 was rapidly cleared from blood. Highest uptake was observed in kidney (0.603±0.047% ID/g, n=4) and liver (0.357±0.070% ID/g, n=4) at 10 min p.i.; 7-131I-FAUC 113 displayed rapid uptake (0.21-0.26% ID/g) and fast clearance in various brain regions consistent with the determined logP-value of 2.36±0.15 (n=4). In-vivo stability of 7-131I-FAUC 113 was confirmed in the frontal cortex (>95%). Ex-vivo autoradiography revealed a frontal cortex-to-cerebellum ratio of 1.57±0.13 at 10 min p.i. (n=6). Coinjection with L-750667 could not suppress any putative specific binding of 7-131I-FAUC 113. In-vitro autoradiography using authentic 7-iodo-FAUC 113 or L-750667 failed to cause significant displacement of the radioligand. Conclusions: Radioiodinated FAUC 113 does not allow imaging of D4 receptors in the rat brain in vivo nor in vitro. Further work should aim at the development of selective dopamine D4 radioligands with improved tracer characteristics, such as receptor affinity and subtype selectivity, specific activity or blood-brainbarrier permeability.
Flächendarstellung von Emissionscomputertomogrammen des linksventrikulären Myokards mit 201T1-Chlorid
Authors: Müller-Schauenburg W. , Meinke J. , Kaiser W. 
Published: March 2018

ZusammenfassungEs wird eine Auswertungsmethode für Emissionscomputertomogramme des Myokards mit 201T1-Chlorid vorgestellt, die von dem Grundgedanken ausgeht, das in 3 Dimensionen erfaßte Myokard als gekrümmte Fläche aufzufassen, aufzuklappen und so komprimiert in einem zweidimensionalen Bild als Ganzes darzustellen. Auf dieser Basisauswertung bauen dann funktioneile Bilder, etwa des lokalen Quotienten Ruhe/Belastung, auf.