bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thickened Gastric Folds: Approach
Authors: Agarwala Roshan , Shah Jimil , Dutta Usha 
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACTThickened gastric folds (TGF) are not an uncommon finding on radiological imaging or endoscopy. It is an enigmatic condition requiring a systematic approach with correlation between clinical, laboratory, radiological, endoscopic, and histological parameters to reach a final diagnosis. It has a varied number of differential diagnosis and reaching the final diagnosis is often challenging even to an astute clinician. Findings on endoscopy are similar and biopsy results often equivocal. Differentiating between benign and malignant conditions is challenging. Routine pinch biopsy usually does not sample deep enough to get an adequate tissue sample, and other methods of biopsy may be required. Newer modalities, such as endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) and EUS‑guided sampling, are helpful in differentiating benign from malignant causes. At times, exploratory laparotomy and full‑thickness biopsy may be required for final diagnosis. In this review, we discuss the various differentials of TGF, with special emphasis on how to approach a case of TGF.
Complicated Cases of Lithium Battery Ingestion: Delay can be Deadly
Authors: Suchismita Arya , Ranjan Ravish , Jha Ashish Kumar , Jha Praveen , Choudhary Madhur , Dayal Vishwa Mohan , Sehrawat Kuldeep 
Published: February 2019

AbstractIncreasing use of button battery (BB) in household products and toys is responsible for the growing incidence of button battery ingestion (BBI). The BBI may cause life‑threatening complications. We present a series of three cases of complicated BBI (lithium cell) with delayed presentation; one of them could not survive due to tracheoesophageal fistula and sepsis. Here, we highlight the importance of early endoscopic intervention and careful follow‑up in children with lithium battery ingestion.
Feasibility of, Adherence to, and Satisfaction With Video Game Versus Traditional Self-Training of the Upper Extremity in People With Chronic Stroke: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Yacoby Anat , Zeilig Gabi , Weingarden Harold , Weiss Ronit , Rand Debbie 
Published: February 2019

AbstractOBJECTIVE. We compared the feasibility of, adherence to, and satisfaction with a newly developed upper extremity (UE) self-training protocol using commercial video games with a traditional self-training program for people with chronic stroke.METHOD. Twenty-four participants with mild to moderate UE weakness were randomized to a video game (n = 13) or traditional (n = 11) self-training program. Participants were requested to train 60 min/day, 6×/wk. During the 5-wk self-training program and 4-wk follow-up, participants documented their self-training time and rated their perceived enjoyment and exertion.RESULTS. Eleven participants completed video game training; 9 completed traditional self-training. During the follow-up period, 8 participants (72.7%) continued the video game training, and 4 (44.4%) continued traditional training. Perceived enjoyment, satisfaction, and benefit for UE improvement were relatively high.CONCLUSIONS. Participants demonstrated high adherence to and satisfaction with both self-training programs. More participants continued to play video games after the intervention, indicating its potential to maintain ongoing activity.
Islamic Zanzibar: Between the Indian Ocean and the African Mainland
Authors: Nieber Hanna 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Through a discourse on religious difference, Zanzibar's belonging to both the Indian Ocean and the Tanzanian mainland is enacted and challenged. While Zanzibar is often described as a space of encounter forming a cosmopolitan society, I argue in this contribution for attention to moments of differentiation that these encounters evoke.
INTERDEPENDENCIA Y COMPLEMENTARIEDAD ENTRE PYME’S COMO FACTOR DE LA PRODUCTIVIDAD Y COMPETITIVIDAD
Authors: Zuniga Alvarado Doris Noelia , Castellon Vogel Doraydee 
Published: February 2019

La productividad y competitividad de las empresas son factores de gran relevancia para el éxito de las mismas, pero esto depende en gran medida de la Interdependencia y Complementariedad que pueda existir entre ellas. Cabe mencionar, que las pequeñas y medianas empresas (Pymes no son la excepción). Es por tal razón que en el presente artículo se abordaran cuatro importantes variables Interdependencia, Complementariedad, Productividad y Competitividad. Cuando se habla del tema de competitividad es hablar de varias fases o ejes, un importante escritor que habla de la competitividad y la ha definido claramente es Michael Porter, para él “la ventaja competitiva de un país “es su capacidad para incitar a las empresas (locales o extranjeras) a utilizar el país como plataforma para llevar adelante sus actividades. Para determinar las fuerzas y las debilidades competitivas de los países y sus principales sectores” (Centro de Comercio Internacional, 2013). Estrategia y metodología seguir La investigación tiene un enfoque cuantitativo Tipo y Alcance de Investigación Correlacional ya que se pretende relacionar variables y contrastar los resultados para ver cuál es la relación que existe entre las variables. Con un diseño de la Investigación No Experimental Transversal. En cuanto al aporte de Aporte la investigación es constructivista porque pretende aportar conocimiento útil para la Academia, las Empresas y el País se usará un método dialectico hermenéutico para la comprensión, la explicación y la interpretación de las variables planteadas.
El Derecho Constitucional ¿Hacia un cambio de paradigma?
Authors: Matamoros Pineda Anny , López Murcia Rafael Antonio 
Published: February 2019

El derecho constitucional, considerado desde el punto de vista de la ciencia del derecho, es un producto avanzado de la modernidad tardía (siglos XIX e inicios del XX), que siguió a la Ilustración. Desde la conceptualización del Estado de Derecho, una de sus principales características, fue el asentarse en el principio de legalidad y, en el sistema anglosajón, en el ámbito de imperatividad que impone el Rule of Law, preponderando una visión o perspectiva legalista y conservadora desde la separación de poderes y la soberanía estatal, para la configuración de su objeto. Ahora esta visión se ve desafiada desde el análisis postmoderno del derecho, resultando asertivo la posibilidad de una crisis o un cambio de paradigma en el derecho legislado y, particularmente, en el atributo de rigidez que tradicionalmente se le confiere al derecho constitucional. Para fundamentar tal pretensión, se parte de una conceptualización de lo que es el paradigma – epistemológicamente considerado – y cuáles son las bases teóricas que permiten conjeturar si nos encontramos ante una evolución sistémica respecto a la consideración tradicional del derecho legislado por el Constituyente.
ADSORPTION DEFORMATION OF MICROPOROUS CARBON ADSORBENT FAS AT ADSORP-TION OF WATER AND ACETONE VAPORS
Authors: Zaytsev Dmitriy S. , Tvardovskiy Andrey V. , Shkolin Andrey V. , Fomkin Anatoliy A. 
Published: February 2019

For the first time, complex studies were carried out on adsorption deformation – sorbostriction of microporous carbon adsorbent FAS at adsorption of water and acetone vapors from the flow of carrier gas – nitrogen in non-equilibrium conditions. The results of this phenomenon were analyzed and the laws of the sorption of the microporous carbon adsorbent FAS during the adsorption of substances of different classes and different purposes in non-equilibrium conditions are established. In work a microporous carbon adsorbent FAS, obtained on the basis of furfural was used. Active coals on the basis of thermosetting plastics grades of FAS are significantly better than commercially-produced carbon adsorbents based on coal and peat on their mechanical properties and low ash content at a much greater development of the volume of the adsorbent micropores. We used the facility for studies of adsorption deformation of a solid adsorbent, manufactured in the Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry of RAS. For the measurements we used a flow dilatometer, allowing measuring the adsorption deformation of the adsorbent while passing through it portions of the test substance or mixture in the carrier gas flow. It is shown that exit time of curves of sorbostriction to the maximum is individually for each of the studied substances, which enables you to use the effect of sorbostriction to detect the presence of certain substances in the mixture. The results of the wave sorbostriction of microporous carbon adsorbent FAS at adsorption of water and acetone vapors from the flow of carrier gas - nitrogen allow to conclude on the high selectivity of adsorption and the possibility of using the adsorbent as a sensor to control the content of these substances in a flow of nitrogen.
Frequências de estimulação tátil em cordeiros lactentes: influência no ganho médio de peso, temperamento e relação homem-animal
Authors: Erzinger Luciane , Borges Tâmara Duarte , Weber Saulo Henrique , Winagraski Philippe , Viana Nathaniele Penso Gonçalves , Vink Melissa , Sotomaior Cristina Santos 
Published: February 2019

A estimulação tátil precoce em animais tem como benefícios a redução do estresse, melhoras no manejo, nos índices zootécnicos e no relacionamento ser-humano animal; no entanto, há escassos estudos relacionados ao benefício da estimulação tátil em cordeiros. O presente estudo teve como objetivo testar diferentes frequências de estimulação tátil em cordeiros lactentes, avaliando o temperamento, ganho de peso e relação ser humano- animal. Trinta e seis cordeiros, do segundo dia de vida até o desmame (60 a 63 dias de vida), foram distribuídos em três tratamentos: tratamento controle (TC; n = 12) - cordeiros que não receberam estímulo tátil; T3x (n = 12) - estimulação tátil nos cordeiros três vezes por semana; e T5x (n = 12) - estimulação tátil nos cordeiros cinco vezes por semana. Semanalmente os cordeiros eram pesados e o peso médio diário (GPD) calculado. Para a avaliação do temperamento durante a pesagem, eram avaliados a reatividade (REA, possibilidade de 5-escores) e o número de vocalizações na balança (VOC). Após a pesagem, era avaliada a velocidade de saída (VS). Ao desmame, os cordeiros foram submetidos a testes de arena: teste de isolamento social (TIS), teste de distância de fuga (TDF) e teste de aproximação forçada (TAF). Não houve diferença (p > 0,05) entre os tratamentos para as variáveis de temperamento mensuradas (REA, VS, VOC) e para o GPD. Não foram verificadas diferenças (p > 0,05) entre os tratamentos para o número de vocalizações durante o TIS. Os animais do T5x, porém, aproximaram-se mais do ser humano (p < 0,05) no TDF e se deixaram tocar em menor tempo (p < 0,05) durante o TAF, em comparação ao TC. Concluiu-se que variações na frequência de estimulação tátil (3 ou 5x/semana) não demostraram diferença no GPD e no temperamento de cordeiros estimulados do nascimento ao desmame; a estimulação feita cinco vezes por semana demonstrou melhores resultados durante os testes de relação ser humano-animal, com diminuição da distância de fuga e maior aproximação com o homem.
Material Atmospheres: Theorising Recent Shifts in Interior Visualisation
Authors: Marinic Gregory 
Published: February 2019

Much like Walter Benjamin's analysis of the Parisian arcades during the interwar years of the early 20th century, emerging methods of seeing interior spaces reveal a deeper gaze into the contextual, material, and phenomenological conditions that produce more nuanced visions of interiority. A collective consciousness surrounding these constructed narratives is reflected in charged associations with the most salient imperatives of our time—globalisation, resource depletion, ecological degradation, and political instability—as well as their corresponding effects on the built environment. These visual provocations have incrementally percolated up to embody an expanding field of design activism for educators, theorists, practitioners, and students. How do these avant-garde techniques operate? What do they reveal about socio-political, economic, and consumptive forces shaping the global built environment? How do these speculative methods offer more critical ways to communicate dynamic conditions?
Effectiveness of Two Moisturizers in the Treatment of Foot Xerosis
Authors: Parker Justin C. , Scharfbillig Rolf W. , Jones Sara 
Published: February 2019

Background:Xerosis (dryness) of the foot is commonly encountered in clinical care and can lead to discomfort, pain, and predisposition to infection. Many moisturizing products are available, with little definitive research to recommend any particular formulation.Methods:We compared two commonly prescribed moisturizing products from different ends of the price spectrum (sorbolene and 25% urea cream) for their effectiveness in reducing xerosis signs using the Specified Symptom Sum Score. A randomized clinical trial of parallel design was conducted over 28 days (February–May 2015) on 41 participants with simple xerosis. Participants, therapists, assessors, and data entry personnel were blinded to treatment, and allocation was determined via a randomization table.Results:Thirty-four participants completed the study (19 urea and 15 sorbolene), with one reporting minor adverse effects. There were statistically significant improvements in both groups after 28 days. Mean differences between pre and post scores were 3.50 (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.80 to 4.20) for the urea group and 2.90 (95% CI, 2.00 to 3.80) for the sorbolene group. There was a slightly lower mean posttreatment score in the urea group (1.16; 95% CI, 0.67 to 1.64) than in the sorbolene group (1.80; 95% CI, 1.25 to 2.35), but this difference was not significant (P ≤ .09). Effect size of difference was –0.48 (95% CI, –1.16 to 0.22).Conclusions:In this study, there was no difference between using sorbolene or 25% urea cream to treat symptoms of foot xerosis. A recommendation, therefore, cannot be made based on efficacy alone; however, sorbolene treatments are invariably cheaper than urea-based ones.
The Perception of the Scope of Practice of Podiatric Medicine in a Large Teaching Hospital Demonstrated by Internal Medicine Residents and Patients
Authors: Seat Christopher , Seat Andrea , Alexander Jeffery 
Published: February 2019

Background:The scope of podiatric practice has changed significantly in the past couple of decades. Despite the increased quality of training, many people outside of podiatry may not realize what our scope of practice entails.Methods:We conducted a survey consisting of 10 items and asked internal medicine residents at Rush University Medical Center and patients whether they would feel comfortable consulting podiatrists, or being treated for each issue.Results:The results for residents are as follows: 1) toenail fungus, 35% yes and 65% no; 2) diabetic wound care, 87.5% yes and 12.5% no; 3) bunion surgery, 90% yes and 10% no; 4) ankle fracture surgery, 25% yes and 75% no; 5) calcaneal fracture surgery, 50% yes and 50% no; 6) tarsal tunnel nerve surgery, 62.5% yes and 37.5% no; 7) lower extremity arterial bypass, 5% yes and 95% no; 8) below-knee amputation, 5% yes and 95% no; 9) transmetatarsal amputation, 67.5% yes and 32.5% no; and 10) venous stasis wound care, 65% yes and 35% no. The results for patients are as follows: 1) toenail fungus, 72.5% yes and 27.5% no; 2) diabetic wound care, 70% yes and 30% no; 3) bunion surgery, 62.5% yes and 37.5% no; 4) ankle fracture surgery, 57.5% yes and 42.5% no; 5) calcaneal fracture surgery, 55% yes and 45% no; 6) tarsal tunnel nerve surgery, 50% yes and 50% no; 7) lower extremity arterial bypass, 32.5% yes and 67.5% no; 8) below-knee amputation, 27.5% yes and 72.5% no; 9) transmetatarsal amputation, 52.5% yes and 47.5% no; and 10) venous stasis wound care, 32.5% yes and 67.5% no.Conclusions:Internal medicine residents and patients do not have an accurate perception of the scope of podiatric medicine. This proves that, as a profession, we need to raise awareness about what the podiatric scope of medicine actually entails.
The blood parameters and liver function changed inconsistently among children between burns and traumatic injuries
Authors: Nie Chan , Wang Tao , Yu Huiting , Wang Xue , Zeng Xueqin , Wei Zairong , Shi Xiuquan 
Published: February 2019

Objective
Burn and traumatic injury are two kinds of injury by modality. They cause acute phase response and lead to a series of pathological and physiological changes. In this study, we explored whether there are differences in routine blood parameters and liver enzyme levels between burned and traumatically injured children.

Methods
Patients under 18 years old with injuries were recruited. Their demographic and clinical data were recorded. Collected clinical data included routine blood parameters (white blood cell count (WBC), red blood cell count (RBC), platelets (PLT), hemoglobin (HB)), serological enzyme levels (alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), glutamyltransferase (GGT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), cholinesterase (CHE)), and total protein (TP) levels (albumin (ALB), globulin (GLB)). A generalized linear model and multivariate analysis of variance were used to conduct comparisons.

Results
A total of 162 children (109 with burns and 53 with traumatic injuries) with a mean age of 4.36 ± 4.29 years were enrolled in the study. Burned children had higher levels of RBC, HB, WBC, AST and lower levels of TP, CHE, ALB than traumatically injured children (P < 0.05). Moreover, the concentration of WBC and HB was higher in males compared to females (P < 0.001). Conversely, the level of AST and TP in males was lower, AST levels were significantly lower in males (P = 0.005). Age positively correlated with the levels of HB, AST and TP (P < 0.001), and negatively correlated with WBC (P < 0.001). With decreasing body mass index (BMI), the levels of WBC, HB, AST and TP significantly increased in both groups of injured children (P < 0.001). In addition, ISS was positively correlated with WBC and HB levels (P < 0.001), but negatively correlated with AST and TP levels (P < 0.001).

Conclusions
Children with burn injuries suffered a greater acute response and liver damage than traumatically injured children. This may in part underlie clinical observations of differences in children morbidity and mortality in response to different injury types.
ATTRITION TESTS OF NATURAL AND REDEPOCITED SHINGLE BEACHES
Authors: Duvivier J. 
Published: February 2019

Administrative difficulties sometimes inhibit the transfer of beach shingle from areas where there is a surplus to areas where there is a shortage and it may be necessary to form an artificial beach of ballast dug from an inland pit or of quarried stone to reinforce the defense works or as a substitute for them. Coast erosion may be caused by a seasonal reversal of the prevailing drift, or by the protection of a previously eroding frontage up-drift, or by building harbour works, or by attrition of beach material, and the recharging of a beach with imported stone may be a cheaper and more satisfactory all round solution than the progressive underpinning of sea walls.
Nevertheless it can be a costly expedient and it is necessary to be able to compare the resistance of the imported material to loss by attrition with the behaviour of the natural beach material. The paper describes some simple tests which were carried out in an attempt to evaluate the relative resistance of various quarried stones and natural beaches to attrition,
Diagnosis of Fibromyalgia: Disagreement Between Fibromyalgia Criteria and Clinician‐Based Fibromyalgia Diagnosis in a University Clinic
Authors: Wolfe Frederick , Schmukler Juan , Jamal Shakeel , Castrejon Isabel , Gibson Kathryn A. , Srinivasan Sachin , Häuser Winfried , Pincus Theodore 
Published: February 2019

ObjectiveRecent studies have suggested that fibromyalgia is inaccurately diagnosed in the community, and that ~75% of persons reporting a physician diagnosis of fibromyalgia would not satisfy published criteria. To investigate possible diagnostic misclassification, we compared expert physician diagnosis with published criteria.MethodsIn a university rheumatology clinic, 497 patients completed the Multidimensional Health Assessment Questionnaire (MD‐HAQ) and the 2010 American College of Rheumatology preliminary diagnostic criteria modified for self‐administration during their ordinary medical visits. Patients were evaluated and diagnosed by university rheumatology staff.ResultsOf the 497 patients, 121 (24.3%) satisfied the fibromyalgia criteria, while 104 (20.9%) received a clinician International Classification of Diseases (ICD) diagnosis of fibromyalgia. The agreement between clinicians and criteria was 79.2%. However, agreement beyond chance was only fair (κ = 0.41). Physicians failed to identify 60 criteria‐positive patients (49.6%) and incorrectly identified 43 criteria‐negative patients (11.4%). In a subset of 88 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), the kappa value was 0.32, indicating slight to fair agreement. Universally, higher polysymptomatic distress scores and criteria‐based diagnosis were associated with more abnormal MD‐HAQ clinical scores. Women and patients with more symptoms but fewer pain areas were more likely to receive a clinician's diagnosis than to satisfy fibromyalgia criteria.ConclusionThere is considerable disagreement between ICD clinical diagnosis and criteria‐based diagnosis of fibromyalgia, calling into question ICD‐based studies. Fibromyalgia criteria were easy to use, but problems regarding clinician bias, meaning of a fibromyalgia diagnosis, and the validity of physician diagnosis were substantial.
Coupled Ion‐Gel Channel‐Width Gating and Piezotronic Interface Gating in ZnO Nanowire Devices
Authors: Yang Xixi , Hu Guofeng , Gao Guoyun , Chen Xuanyu , Sun Junlu , Wan Bensong , Zhang Qian , Qin Shanshan , Zhang Wenliang , Pan Caofeng , Sun Qijun , Wang Zhong Lin 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe piezotronic effect has been extensively investigated and applied to the third generation of semiconductors. However, there currently is no effective method compatible with microelectronics techniques to harness the piezotronic effect. In this work, a facile and low‐energy‐consuming method to couple the channel‐width gating effect with piezotronic devices is developed by precisely patterning ion‐gel electrolyte on ZnO NW. The ultrahigh capacitance of ion gel resulting from electrical double layers allows efficient modulation of the charge carrier density in ZnO NW at low gate voltage (2 V) to compensate for the piezotronic effect. The obtained output current variation under negative gate voltage (420%, i.e., enhanced piezotronic effect) is two times higher than that under zero or positive gate biases (200%). Through quantifying the reverse‐biased Schottky barrier height and charge carrier density, it is found that the applied negative gate voltage depletes free electrons in ZnO NW and alleviates the screening effect on piezoelectric polarization charges, leading to enhanced piezotronic effect. Based on this, an ion‐gel‐gated piezotronic strain sensor is fabricated with enhanced gauge factor and tunable logic devices. It is believed that the coupled ion‐gel and piezotronic gating effect is of great significance to the design of sophisticated and practical piezotronic devices.