bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ПРОБЛЕМЫ УСТОЙЧИВОГО РАЗВИТИЯ АЗИАТСКОЙ РОССИИ
Authors: В.М. ГИЛЬМУНДИНОВ , Т.О. ТАГАЕВА 
Published: November 2024

Дана оценка текущего состояния экологической сферы азиатской части России с позиций ее соответствия принципам и условиям зеленой экономики. Для анализа были использованы статистические данные Росстата, информация ежегодных государственных докладов «О состоянии и об охране окружающей среды РФ». Показано, что, несмотря на статистическое снижение объемов ежегодных выбросов загрязняющих атмосферу веществ и загрязненных сточных вод, наблюдается рост концентраций отдельных видов загрязнений. Особенно тревожная ситуация сложилась в сфере обращения с отходами: за десять лет (к 2019 г.) ежегодный объем их образования вырос более чем в два раза. Удельные (на человека) объемы атмосферных выбросов, сброса загрязненных сточных вод и образования отходов превышают среднероссийский уровень в 2,31, 1,04 и 4,19 раза соответственно. Отмечается более сильное воздействие выбросов парниковых газов на потепление климата, чем в целом по России, например в Якутии зафиксировано максимальное потепление в мире за последние 60 лет. Наиболее сильное негативное влияние неблагоприятных экологических факторов на здоровье населения ощущается в Красноярском крае, Иркутской и Кемеровской областях. Сделан вывод о том, что сложившаяся ситуация в Азиатской России противоречит принципам устойчивого развития. Отмечена необходимость перестройки институциональных механизмов регулирования природоохранной деятельности в целях повышения устойчивости развития азиатской части России.
This article assesses the current state of the environmental sphere of the Asian part of Russia from the standpoint of its compliance with these principles and conditions of the formation of a “green” economy. Statistical data of Rosstat, and information from annual State reports “On the state and environmental protection of the Russian Federation” were used in the analysis. It is shown that in spite of the statistical decrease in the volume of annual emissions of air pollutants and polluted wastewater, there is an increase in the concentrations of some types of pollutants. The situation is particularly alarming with waste management: over ten years (before 2019) the annual volume of their generation increased by more than a factor of 2. Specific (per capita) volumes of atmospheric emissions, discharge of polluted wastewater and waste generation exceed the average Russian level by factors of 2.31, 1.04 and 4.19, respectively. There occurs a more intense influence of greenhouse gas emissions on climate warming than in Russia as a whole. For example, Yakutia has the greatest climate warming in the world over the past 60 years. The strongest negative impact of adverse environmental factors on the health of the population is observed in Krasnoyarsk krai and in Irkutsk and Kemerovo oblasts. It is concluded that the current situation in Asian Russia contradicts the principles of sustainable development. The article notes the need to restructure institutional mechanisms for regulating environmental activities in order to increase the sustainability of the development of the Asian part of Russia.
Pediatric Hospital Utilization During Medical Stabilization for Patients With Eating Disorders
Authors: Milliren Carly E. , Crowley McGreggor , Zhang Rebecca S. , Bern Elana M. , Richmond Tracy K. 
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE
Few studies have examined pediatric hospital utilization across the spectrum of eating disorder (ED) diagnoses among hospitalized patients. We describe sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, hospital utilization, and enteral tube feeding and examine factors associated with hospital utilization among patients with EDs.

METHODS
Using data from the Pediatric Health Information System, we included patients aged 4 to 20 years with primary ED diagnoses hospitalized from 2018 to 2022. We examined sociodemographic factors, length of stay, costs, and enteral tube feeding by ED diagnosis. Adjusted regression models compared hospital utilization by diagnosis, adjusting for sociodemographic and clinical factors.

RESULTS
Among N = 10 279 hospitalizations from 49 hospitals, anorexia nervosa (AN) was most common (70.9%), followed by avoidant restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) (15.6%). Mean age was 15.1 years (SD = 2.5), and most were female (86.6%), of white non-Hispanic race (70.9%), with private insurance (70.1%), with 63.9% occurring after the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic onset. Median (interquartile range) length of stay was 8.0 days (7.0), and hospital costs were $18 099 ($15 592). A total of 18.8% received enteral tube feeding, with significant hospital variation. In adjusted models, compared with AN, ARFID, binge disorders, and unspecified feeding and ED had shorter stays, whereas hospital costs were lower for binge disorders, and enteral feeding was more likely for ARFID.

CONCLUSIONS
Our findings indicate long and costly hospitalizations, especially for AN, with implications for hospital and treatment capacity, highlighting the need for earlier diagnosis and treatment to prevent the need for hospitalization.
Trends in Toddler Diet Quality in the United States: 1999 to 2018
Authors: Zimmer Meghan , Lee Matthew , Zhan Jiada James , Kenney Erica L. , Leung Cindy W. 
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Diet quality has improved over time for US adults and youth aged ≥2 years. Trends over time and disparities in the diet quality of toddlers 12 through 23 months old have not been documented. Our objective was to investigate the direction and magnitude of toddler diet quality trends from 1999 to 2018 overall and by household socioeconomic status.

METHODS
This serial cross-sectional analysis of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data was performed with 2541 toddlers from 10 NHANES cycles from 1999 to 2018. Dietary intake was measured by NHANES study staff using proxy-reported 24-hour recalls. Healthy Eating Index-Toddlers-2020 total scores (0–100 points, higher scores indicate healthier diets) and component scores were calculated from the 24-hour dietary recalls using the population ratio method. Multivariable linear regression was used to evaluate the association between time in years (measured as the midpoint of each NHANES cycle) and diet quality.

RESULTS
Toddler diet quality improved significantly from 1999 to 2018 (P &lt; .001), from 63.7 points on average in 1999-2000 to 67.7 points in 2017-2018. A significant positive linear trend in total diet quality was observed for all socioeconomic status groups (P &lt; .05). Several dietary component scores improved, as follows: Whole Fruits (P &lt; .001), Whole Grains (P = .016), Fatty Acids (P = .002), Refined Grains (P = .009), and Added Sugars (P &lt; .001). Scores did not significantly change for Total Fruit, Total Vegetables, Greens and Beans, Dairy, Total Protein Foods, Seafood and Plant Proteins, Sodium, or Saturated Fats.

CONCLUSIONS
From 1999 to 2018, toddler diet quality improved significantly, but mean scores still fell short of dietary guidance.
Implementation of reengineering technology in the technological preparation for general aviation airplane wing tip manufacturing based on the construction of a digital mock-up
Authors: Maiorova Kateryna , Nikichanov Viacheslav , Lysochenko Ihor , Myronova Svitlana 
Published: November 2024

The object of this study is the technological preparation of the production of a light aircraft wing using reverse engineering technology. The subject of research is a quality indicator – the geometric accuracy of manufacturing the convex-concave parts of aerospace technology. Calculations of geometric accuracy were performed for the program-instrumental method of co-ordination. As the experimental part it was taken the worn out wing tip of a light aircraft. The following results were obtained. An approach for specifying the aerodynamic airfoil and cross sections of the wing tip when constructing its digital model has been proposed. A 3D scanning of the wing tip with the formation of a digital portrait in STL format, as well as its refinement into a STEP format, using organic and mechanical methods, was accomplished. A digital mock-up of the wing tip was built taking into account the geometry of the aerodynamic airfoil in cross sections as well as a digital mock-up of the form (mould) for its manufacture according to the polygonal model, which was created by the organic method due to it had the highest dimensional accuracy. It was determined that the maximum deviation of the actual wing contour from the theoretical one was as follows: the upper deviation was 0.84 mm, the lower deviation was –0.65 mm. The maximum deviation of the actual wing contour from the theoretical one was ±0.3 mm. The expected (calculated) errors did not exceed the specified value of the tolerance on the wing outer contour that equal to ±1.0 mm, thus, the adopted method of assembling the wing under the conditions of co-ordination by the program-instrumental method ensured the specified geometric accuracy. The results of experimental studies confirmed the adequacy of the proposed approach for determining the aerodynamic airfoil of the cross-sections of the digital mock-up of convex-concave parts for aerospace technology during their technological preparation for production with the use of reverse engineering.
Determining the effectiveness of using three-dimensional printing to train computer vision systems for landmine detection
Authors: Kunichik Oleksandr , Tereshchenko Vasyl 
Published: November 2024

The object of this study is the effectiveness of using three-dimensional printing to train computer vision models for landmine detection. The ongoing war in Ukraine has resulted in significant landmine contamination, particularly after russia’s full-scale invasion in 2022. Given the enormous amount of potentially landmine-contaminated land, fast and efficient demining techniques are required, as human probing and metal detectors are labor-intensive and slow-moving. Machine learning offers promising solutions to speed up the landmine detection process by deploying recognition models on robots and unmanned aerial vehicles. However, training such systems faces certain challenges. Firstly, the number of annotated data available for training is limited, which can hinder the model’s ability to generalize to real-world scenarios. Secondly, the use of real or even defused landmines is dangerous due to the potential for accidental detonation.
This study aims to overcome the problem of limited data and the risk of using real landmines. Three-dimensional printing makes it possible to create safe and diverse training data, which is essential for model performance. The model trained on replicas, achieved 98 % and 91 % precision on printed and actual landmines, respectively. This high precision is attributed to the realism of copies and the use of advanced machine learning algorithms. This approach successfully addressed the research problem due to the safety, accessibility and diversity of copies. The models trained on copies of landmines could be used in humanitarian demining operations. These operations often employ unmanned aerial vehicles or robots to identify landmines that are thrown remotely, exposed on the surface, or partially hidden
Optimization of the solar cell based on cadmium telluride by adding the CdSeTe absorbing layer (heterostructure simulation)
Authors: Ilchuk Hryhorii , Semkiv Ihor , Karkulovska Maryana , Vashchynskyi Vitalii , Solovyov Mykola 
Published: November 2024

Cadmium telluride solar cells are among the most common devices for photovoltaic applications. However, the energy conversion efficiency of these elements remains insufficiently high. Using the SCAPS programming environment, research and optimization of a classical thin-film solar cell based on CdTe were carried out. The structure of this element consisted of ITO as a transparent conductive contact, a cadmium sulfide (CdS) layer, and a cadmium telluride (CdTe) absorber layer with a metal contact. To optimize this structure in terms of power conversion efficiency, the influence of the thickness and concentration of acceptor impurities in the CdTe absorbing layer, as well as the influence of the thickness and concentration of donor impurities in the CdS buffer layer, were considered. It was established that the optimal thicknesses for the CdS buffer layer and absorption CdTe layers are 50 nm and 3000 nm, respectively. An additional CdSeTe layer between the CdS and CdTe layers has been proposed as one of the optimization options to improve the device efficiency. The main photovoltaic parameters of such a solar cell were analyzed depending on the thickness of the CdSeTe layer and its selenium content. It has been demonstrated that adding CdSeTe solid solution to the 1500 nm thick CdTe absorber layer increases the efficiency of the solar cell by 6.84 %. The main photovoltaic characteristics of CdS/CdTe and CdS/CdSeTe/CdTe solar cells were compared. The results showed that the simulated CdS/CdSeTe/CdTe structure provides better photoconversion efficiency in the AM1.5G light spectrum compared to the classical CdS/CdTe structure. Such elements can be used to form highly efficient solar panels
A Fossil Thrips (Thysanoptera: Terebrantia) from a Cretaceous Deposit in Orapa1
Authors: Mnguni Sandiso , Badenhorst Shaw , Bamford Marion Kathleen 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
A fossil thrips is described using a single compression fossil from an Upper Cretaceous deposit, the Orapa Diamond Mine in Botswana. It is the first record of a Cretaceous thrips from Africa. It is diagnosed by the following characteristics: general habitus; narrow, straplike forewing and hindwing with fringe cilia; with forewing becoming progressively larger in distal third; and abdomen with dense transversal rows of microtrichia and terminal setae. The specimen is complete, except that the antennae are absent. At Orapa, the fossil thrips would have been possibly found feeding on leaves, stem or flower tissues of both gymnosperms and angiosperms in and around the crater lake. The fossil thrips adds to the taxonomic diversity of the Orapa fauna. Moreover, it broadens the knowledge of the diversity, geography and evolution of Mesozoic Thysanoptera.
Some molecular aspects of larval development in Paralithodes camtschaticus
Authors: Boyko Alexey V. , Dolmatov Igor Yu. , Girich Alexander S. , Maslennikov Sergey I. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The transcriptome of the red king crab, Paralithodes camtschaticus, was sequenced at four developmental stages: zoea I, zoea IV, glaucothoe, and juveniles. Based on our RNA-seq data and paired-end reads from 112 libraries obtained by other researchers earlier, the transcriptome assembly for P. camtschaticus that we obtained has proven to be the most complete of those reported to date. An analysis of enriched processes at different stages has shown, that some of adaptations, e.g., to elevated temperature and hypoxia, do not appear in early larvae. Thus, it is important to maintain optimal conditions for normal larval development and reduce mortality rates. According to the results of the expression profile clustering and transcription factor (TF) search, most TFs are associated with the development of various organs, metamorphosis, and immune responses. The data obtained provide an additional basis for deeper investigation into the mechanisms of the biphasic life cycle in decapods and can be helful in commercial red king crab stock enhancement programs.
Study on the Methods and Mechanisms for Suppressing Porosity in Narrow Gap Oscillating Laser Wire-Fill Horizontal Welding
Authors: Wu Zhen Dong , Wang Shi Yang , Huang Rui Sheng , Qin Jian , Sun Yuan , You Jun Hua , Han Peng Bo , Cao Hao 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

To address the research gap regarding the control of pore defects in narrow gap laser welded wire, this paper employs a combination of experimental analysis and finite element analysis to study the methods for suppressing pores and their related mechanisms in narrow gap laser welded wire. The research results indicate that increasing oscillation frequency in circular mode suppresses porosity. With a constant fill cross-sectional area, suppression is effective only above a certain threshold frequency, which increases with fill cross-sectional area, the relationship as follows: 9mm²-200Hz; 10.5mm²-250Hz; 12mm²-300Hz; 13.5mm²-350Hz. Mechanistically, a higher oscillation frequency transforms the keyhole shape from conical to bowl-shaped, enhancing stability and reducing bubble formation. Additionally, porosity is avoided when the aspect ratio is below the control threshold of 1.13.
Targeting Mevalonate Pathway Enhances the efficacy of 5-Fluorouracil by regulating pyroptosis
Authors: Xing Zongrui , Ma Yong , Jiang Xiangyan , Qing Huiguo , Wu Yuxia , Che Shengfu , Gao Zhongti , Wang Keshen , Wang Tao , He Qichen , Li Zhigang , Zhao Bin , Liu Wenbo , Sun Haonan , Yu Zeyuan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-based chemotherapy regimen is a primary strategy for treating pancreatic cancer (PC).However, challenges related to 5-FU resistance persist. Investigating the mechanisms of 5-FU resistance and identifying a clinically viable therapeutic strategy are crucial for improving the prognosis of PC. Here, through clinical samples analysis, we found that the expression of 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMGCR),the rate-limiting enzyme in mevalonate metabolism, is negatively correlated with the efficacy of 5-FU treatment. There is a significant correlation between HMGCR and the pyroptosis marker Gasdermin D (GSDMD),and the HMGCR inhibitor simvastatin can significantly inhibit the activation of pyroptosis signaling. The exogenous addition of geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (GGPP),a key metabolite of the mevalonate pathway, can significantly reduce sensitivity to 5-FU,and simvastatin combined with 5-FU demonstrates a strong synergistic effect. Furthermore, in organoid models and genetically engineered mice with spontaneous PC, the combination of simvastatin and 5-FU significantly inhibits tumor growth. In conclusion, our study reveals the critical role of the mevalonate pathway in 5-FU resistance and proposes a clinically feasible combination therapy strategy.
In Situ Size Amplification Strategy Suppresses Lymphatic Clearance for Enhanced Arthritis Therapy
Authors: Qin Xianyan , Zhang Luhan , Miao Yang-Bao , Jiang Linxi , Zou Liang , Wang Qin , Shi Yi 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune condition causing painful swelling and inflammation due to immune system attacks on healthy cells. However, arthritic sites often experience increased lymph flow, hastening drug clearance and potentially reducing treatment effectiveness. To address this challenge, an in situ size amplification has been proposed to inhibit lymphatic clearance and thereby enhance arthritis therapy. This system has been developed based on a conjugate of dexamethasone (Dex) and polysialic acid (PSA), linked via an acid-sensitive linker, supplemented with bis-5-hydroxytryptamine (Bis-5HT) on the PSA backbone. Under physiological conditions, the system autonomously assembles into stable nanoparticles (PD5NPs), facilitating prolonged circulation and targeted delivery to inflamed joints. Upon arrival at arthritic joints, Bis-5HT reacts to elevated myeloperoxidase (MPO) levels and oxidative stress, prompting particle aggregation and in-situ size amplification. This in situ size amplification nanocarrier effectively inhibits lymphatic clearance and serves as reservoirs for sustained Dex release in acidic pH environments within arthritic sites, thus continuously alleviating RA symptoms. Moreover, investigation on the underlying mechanism elucidates how the in situ size amplification nanocarrier influences the transportation of PD5NPs from inflamed joints to lymphatic vessels. Our study offers valuable insights for optimizing nanomedicine performance in vivo and augmenting therapeutic efficacy.
Factors contributing to Parental stress in newborns requiring surgical care: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Radhakrishna Veerabhadra , Gadgade Bahubali Deepak , Kumar Nitin , Vasudev Raghunath Bangalore , Anand Alladi , Basavaraju Mamatha , Ramareddy Raghu Sampalli , Lakshmaiah Venkatesh Kesarla 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Purpose:
To assess parental stress in newborns undergoing surgical care.
Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Pediatric Surgery at a tertiary center. The study included all parents of newborns requiring surgery, admitted between July 2023 and June 2024.
Results:
Ninety percent of parents reported experiencing stress, with the "parental role alteration" domain scoring the highest (3.9 ± 1.1). In the “surgical aspects” domain, 27% reported extreme stress and 22% reported high stress. Higher stress scores were found among parents of preterm infants (3.6 ± 0.9 vs. 3.1 ± 1.1, p=0.04), infants with a birth order ≥ 2 (3.4 ± 1.1 vs. 3.1 ± 1, p=0.04), and those from the Muslim community. Graduate parents (2.8 ± 0.9, p=0.01) and parents of upper socioeconomic status (2.3 ± 0.7, p<0.0001) were found to have lower stress scores. Anxiety (62%) and depression (63%) were also prevalent, influenced by preterm birth and previous child loss.
Conclusion:
Parental stress is significant among surgical newborns, especially in parents of preterm babies and those with lower education and socioeconomic status. "Parental role alteration" was the most stressful aspect, highlighting the need for targeted support.
A Neuronal Circuit Based on a Second-Order Memristor
Authors: Shi Fan , Cao Yinghong , Banerjee Santo , Mou Jun 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

With the increasing advances in computer science, a neuron with information memory is needed to form an artificial neural network. In this paper, a novel non-volatile Second-Order Memristor (SOM) is presented its analog circuit is given, and it is applied to RLC neurons to simulate synaptic connections and electromagnetic radiation, thus constructing a Second-Order Memristor RLC (SOM-RLC) neuron. Firstly, numerical methods were used to analyze the changes in neuronal dynamic behavior caused by internal and external magnetic fields and synapses, including various bifurcation behaviors and extreme multi stability. Considering that changes in magnetic field can cause energy flow in neurons, the energy distribution of neurons was analyzed. Finally, by constructing an analog circuit of SOM-RLC neuron and implementing chaotic attractors on DSP, the data results were verified, proving its engineering feasibility. Analyzed the biomimetic performance of SOMRLC neuron from different perspectives, explained the main characteristics of neurons under internal and external magnetic field interference, and further advancing the exploitation of artificial neurons.
The Role of High Dose Corticosteroid (Methylperednisolone Pulse Therapy) in Treatment of Multi-organ Involvement After Bacterial Pneumonia and Pleural Empyema; a case series
Authors: Mirlohi Seyed Hossein , Tajfirooz Sanaz , Rouhi Mitra 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Parapneumonic effusions and empyema usually occur after bacterial pneumonia. Inflammation plays an essential role in the occurrence of pneumonia and can lead to an autoinflammatory condition. In this study, we will present three cases including multi-organ involvement following pleural empyema that have been treated with pulse corticosteroid therapy. Apparently, pleural empyema can lead to multi-organ involvement due to underlying inflammatory processes. This condition is usually associated with symptoms and changes in laboratory parameters that manifest after empyema treatment or reappear after temporary recovery. Hence, managing this condition by pulse corticosteroid therapy can result in positive outcomes.