bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MiR-584-5p potentiates vincristine and radiation response by inducing spindle defects and DNA damage in medulloblastoma
Authors: Abdelfattah Nourhan , Rajamanickam Subapriya , Panneerdoss Subbarayalu , Timilsina Santosh , Yadav Pooja , Onyeagucha Benjamin C. , Garcia Michael , Vadlamudi Ratna , Chen Yidong , Brenner Andrew , Houghton Peter , Rao Manjeet K. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractDespite improvements in overall survival, only a modest percentage of patients survives high-risk medulloblastoma. The devastating side effects of radiation and chemotherapy substantially reduce quality of life for surviving patients. Here, using genomic screens, we identified miR-584-5p as a potent therapeutic adjuvant that potentiates medulloblastoma to radiation and vincristine. MiR-584-5p inhibited medulloblastoma growth and prolonged survival of mice in pre-clinical tumor models. MiR-584-5p overexpression caused cell cycle arrest, DNA damage, and spindle defects in medulloblastoma cells. MiR-584-5p mediated its tumor suppressor and therapy-sensitizing effects by targeting HDAC1 and eIF4E3. MiR-584-5p overexpression or HDAC1/eIF4E3 silencing inhibited medulloblastoma stem cell self-renewal without affecting neural stem cell growth. In medulloblastoma patients, reduced expression of miR-584-5p correlated with increased levels of HDAC1/eIF4E3. These findings identify a previously undefined role for miR-584-5p/HDAC1/eIF4E3 in regulating DNA repair, microtubule dynamics, and stemness in medulloblastoma and set the stage for a new way to treat medulloblastoma using miR-584-5p.
Interactions between callose and cellulose revealed through the analysis of biopolymer mixtures
Authors: Abou-Saleh Radwa H. , Hernandez-Gomez Mercedes C. , Amsbury Sam , Paniagua Candelas , Bourdon Matthieu , Miyashima Shunsuke , Helariutta Ykä , Fuller Martin , Budtova Tatiana , Connell Simon D. , Ries Michael E. , Benitez-Alfonso Yoselin 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe properties of (1,3)-β-glucans (i.e., callose) remain largely unknown despite their importance in plant development and defence. Here we use mixtures of (1,3)-β-glucan and cellulose, in ionic liquid solution and hydrogels, as proxies to understand the physico-mechanical properties of callose. We show that after callose addition the stiffness of cellulose hydrogels is reduced at a greater extent than predicted from the ideal mixing rule (i.e., the weighted average of the individual components’ properties). In contrast, yield behaviour after the elastic limit is more ductile in cellulose-callose hydrogels compared with sudden failure in 100% cellulose hydrogels. The viscoelastic behaviour and the diffusion of the ions in mixed ionic liquid solutions strongly indicate interactions between the polymers. Fourier-transform infrared analysis suggests that these interactions impact cellulose organisation in hydrogels and cell walls. We conclude that polymer interactions alter the properties of callose-cellulose mixtures beyond what it is expected by ideal mixing.
Induced-fit expansion and contraction of a self-assembled nanocube finely responding to neutral and anionic guests
Authors: Zhan Yi-Yang , Kojima Tatsuo , Nakamura Takashi , Takahashi Toshihiro , Takahashi Satoshi , Haketa Yohei , Shoji Yoshiaki , Maeda Hiromitsu , Fukushima Takanori , Hiraoka Shuichi 
Published: October 2018

AbstractInduced-fit or conformational selection is of profound significance in biological regulation. Biological receptors alter their conformation to respond to the shape and electrostatic surfaces of guest molecules. Here we report a water-soluble artificial molecular host that can sensitively respond to the size, shape, and charged state of guest molecules. The molecular host, i.e. nanocube, is an assembled structure consisting of six gear-shaped amphiphiles (GSAs). This nanocube can expand or contract its size upon the encapsulation of neutral and anionic guest molecules with a volume ranging from 74 to 535 Å3 by induced-fit. The responding property of this nanocube, reminiscent of a feature of biological molecules, arises from the fact that the GSAs in the nanocubes are connected to each other only through the hydrophobic effect and very weak intermolecular interactions such as van der Waals and cation-π interactions.
In situ strain tuning of the metal-insulator-transition of Ca2RuO4 in angle-resolved photoemission experiments
Authors: Riccò S. , Kim M. , Tamai A. , McKeown Walker S. , Bruno F. Y. , Cucchi I. , Cappelli E. , Besnard C. , Kim T. K. , Dudin P. , Hoesch M. , Gutmann M. J. , Georges A. , Perry R. S. , Baumberger F. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractPressure plays a key role in the study of quantum materials. Its application in angle resolved photoemission (ARPES) studies, however, has so far been limited. Here, we report the evolution of the k-space electronic structure of bulk Ca2RuO4, lightly doped with Pr, under uniaxial strain. Using ultrathin plate-like crystals, we achieve uniaxial strain levels up to −4.1%, sufficient to suppress the insulating Mott phase and access the previously unexplored electronic structure of the metallic state at low temperature. ARPES experiments performed while tuning the uniaxial strain reveal that metallicity emerges from a marked redistribution of charge within the Ru t2g shell, accompanied by a sudden collapse of the spectral weight in the lower Hubbard band and the emergence of a well-defined Fermi surface which is devoid of pseudogaps. Our results highlight the profound roles of lattice energetics and of the multiorbital nature of Ca2RuO4 in this archetypal Mott transition and open new perspectives for spectroscopic measurements.
Management of transition dipoles in organic hole-transporting materials under solar irradiation for perovskite solar cells
Authors: Ok Song Ah , Jo Bonghyun , Somasundaram Sivaraman , Woo Hwi Je , Lee Dae Woon , Li Zijia , Kim Bong-Gi , Kim Jong H. , Song Young Jae , Ahn Tae Kyu , Park Sanghyuk , Park Hui Joon 
Published: October 2018

AbstractIn organic hole-transporting material (HTM)-based p−i−n planar perovskite solar cells, which have simple and low-temperature processibility feasible to flexible devices, the incident light has to pass through the HTM before reaching the perovskite layer. Therefore, photo-excited state of organic HTM could become important during the solar cell operation, but this feature has not usually been considered for the HTM design. Here, we prove that enhancing their property at their photo-excited states, especially their transition dipole moments, can be a methodology to develop high efficiency p−i−n perovskite solar cells. The organic HTMs are designed to have high transition dipole moments at the excited states and simultaneously to preserve those property during the solar cell operation by their extended lifetimes through the excited-state intramolecular proton transfer process, consequently reducing the charge recombination and improving extraction properties of devices. Their UV-filtering ability is also beneficial to enhance the photostability of devices.
Single-cell barcode analysis provides a rapid readout of cellular signaling pathways in clinical specimens
Authors: Giedt Randy J. , Pathania Divya , Carlson Jonathan C. T. , McFarland Philip J. , del Castillo Andres Fernandez , Juric Dejan , Weissleder Ralph 
Published: October 2018

AbstractSerial tissue sampling has become essential in guiding modern targeted and personalized cancer treatments. An alternative to image guided core biopsies are fine needle aspirates (FNA) that yield cells rather than tissues but are much better tolerated and have lower complication rates. The efficient pathway analysis of such cells in the clinic has been difficult, time consuming and costly. Here we develop an antibody-DNA barcoding approach where harvested cells can be rapidly re-stained through the use of custom designed oligonucleotide-fluorophore conjugates. We show that this approach can be used to interrogate drug-relevant pathways in scant clinical samples. Using the PI3K/PTEN/CDK4/6 pathways in breast cancer as an example, we demonstrate how analysis can be performed in tandem with trial enrollment and can evaluate downstream signaling following therapeutic inhibition. This approach should allow more widespread use of scant single cell material in clinical samples.
Fluidity onset in graphene
Authors: Bandurin Denis A. , Shytov Andrey V. , Levitov Leonid S. , Kumar Roshan Krishna , Berdyugin Alexey I. , Ben Shalom Moshe , Grigorieva Irina V. , Geim Andre K. , Falkovich Gregory 
Published: October 2018

AbstractViscous electron fluids have emerged recently as a new paradigm of strongly-correlated electron transport in solids. Here we report on a direct observation of the transition to this long-sought-for state of matter in a high-mobility electron system in graphene. Unexpectedly, the electron flow is found to be interaction-dominated but non-hydrodynamic (quasiballistic) in a wide temperature range, showing signatures of viscous flows only at relatively high temperatures. The transition between the two regimes is characterized by a sharp maximum of negative resistance, probed in proximity to the current injector. The resistance decreases as the system goes deeper into the hydrodynamic regime. In a perfect darkness-before-daybreak manner, the interaction-dominated negative response is strongest at the transition to the quasiballistic regime. Our work provides the first demonstration of how the viscous fluid behavior emerges in an interacting electron system.
An assessment of prognostic immunity markers in breast cancer
Authors: Yang Benlong , Chou Jeff , Tao Yaozhong , Wu Dengbin , Wu Xinhong , Li Xueqing , Li Yan , Chu Yiwei , Tang Feng , Shi Yanxia , Ma Linlin , Zhou Tong , Kaufmann William , Carey Lisa A , Wu Jiong , Hu Zhiyuan 
Published: October 2018

AbstractTumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) and immunity gene signatures have been reported to be significantly prognostic in breast cancer but have not yet been applied for calculation of risk of recurrence in clinical assays. A compact set of 17 immunity genes was derived herein from an Affymetrix-derived gene expression dataset including 1951 patients (AFFY1951). The 17 immunity genes demonstrated significant prognostic stratification of estrogen receptor (ER)-negative breast cancer patients with high proliferation gene expression. Further analysis of blood and breast cancer single-cell RNA-seq datasets revealed that the 17 immunity genes were derived from TIL that were inactive in the blood and became active in tumor tissue. Expression of the 17 immunity genes was significantly (p < 2.2E-16, n = 91) correlated with TILs percentage on H&E in triple negative breast cancer. To demonstrate the impact of tumor immunity genes on prognosis, we built a Cox model to incorporate breast cancer subtypes, proliferation score and immunity score (72 gene panel) with significant prediction of outcomes (p < 0.0001, n = 1951). The 72 gene panel and its risk evaluation model were validated in two other published gene expression datasets including Illumina beads array data METABRIC (p < 0.0001, n = 1997) and whole transcriptomic mRNA-seq data TCGA (p = 0.00019, n = 996) and in our own targeted RNA-seq data TARGETSEQ (p < 0.0001, n = 303). Further examination of the 72 gene panel in single cell RNA-seq of tumors demonstrated tumor heterogeneity with more than two subtypes observed in each tumor. In conclusion, immunity gene expression was an important parameter for prognosis and should be incorporated into current multi-gene assays to improve assessment of risk of distant metastasis in breast cancer.
Clustering and climate associations of Kawasaki Disease in San Diego County suggest environmental triggers
Authors: Rypdal Martin , Rypdal Veronika , Burney Jennifer A. , Cayan Daniel , Bainto Emelia , Skochko Shannon , Tremoulet Adriana H. , Creamean Jessie , Shimizu Chisato , Kim Jihoon , Burns Jane C. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractKawasaki Disease (KD) is the most common cause of pediatric acquired heart disease, but its etiology remains unknown. We examined 1164 cases of KD treated at a regional children’s hospital in San Diego over a period of 15 years and uncovered novel structure to disease incidence. KD cases showed a well-defined seasonal variability, but also clustered temporally at much shorter time scales (days to weeks), and spatiotemporally on time scales of up to 10 days and spatial scales of 10–100 km. Temporal clusters of KD cases were associated with strongly significant regional-scale air temperature anomalies and consistent larger-scale atmospheric circulation patterns. Gene expression analysis further revealed a natural partitioning of KD patients into distinct groups based on their gene expression pattern, and that the different groups were associated with certain clinical characteristics that also exhibit temporal autocorrelation. Our data suggest that one or more environmental triggers exist, and that episodic exposures are modulated at least in part by regional weather conditions. We propose that characterization of the environmental factors that trigger KD in genetically susceptible children should focus on aerosols inhaled by patients who share common disease characteristics.
Type 2 diabetes and cognitive impairment in an older population with overweight or obesity and metabolic syndrome: baseline cross-sectional analysis of the PREDIMED-plus study
Authors: Mallorquí-Bagué Núria , Lozano-Madrid María , Toledo Estefanía , Corella Dolores , Salas-Salvadó Jordi , Cuenca-Royo Aida , Vioque Jesús , Romaguera Dora , Martínez J. Alfredo , Wärnberg Julia , López-Miranda José , Estruch Ramón , Bueno-Cavanillas Aurora , Alonso-Gómez Ángel , Tur Josep A. , Tinahones Francisco J. , Serra-Majem Lluís , Martín Vicente , Lapetra José , Vázquez Clotilde , Pintó Xavier , Vidal Josep , Daimiel Lidia , Gaforio José J. , Matía Pilar , Ros Emilio , Granero Roser , Buil-Cosiales Pilar , Barragán Rocío , Bulló Mònica , Castañer Olga , García-de-la-Hera Manoli , Yáñez Aina M. , Abete Itziar , García-Ríos Antonio , Ruiz-Canela Miguel , Díaz-López Andrés , Jiménez-Murcia Susana , Martínez-González Miguel A. , De la Torre Rafael , Fernández-Aranda Fernando 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThis study cross-sectionally examines in the elderly population: (a) the association of type 2 diabetes with executive function (EF); (b) the effect of BMI on both type 2 diabetes and EF; (c) the association between glycaemia control and EF in type 2 diabetes. 6823 older individuals with overweight/obesity and metabolic syndrome participating in the PREDIMED-PLUS study, were assessed with a battery of cognitive tests and a medical interview. ANOVA showed a significantly worse performance on EF in type 2 diabetes vs. non-diabetic individuals. Two complementary models were displayed: (1) in the whole sample, the presence of type 2 diabetes, depressive symptoms and BMI had a direct negative effect on EF, while apnoea had an indirect negative effect; (2) in the diabetes subsample, higher illness duration was associated with worse performance in EF. Participants with type 2 diabetes and HbA1c<53 mmol/mol displayed better cognitive performance when compared to those with HbA1c≥53 mmol/mol. Our results provide a controlled comprehensive model that integrates relevant neuropsychological and physical variables in type 2 diabetes. The model suggests that, to improve treatment adherence and quality of life once diabetes has been diagnosed, cognitive decline prevention strategies need to be implemented while monitoring depressive symptoms, BMI and glycaemia control.
Co3O4-NP embedded mesoporous carbon rod with enhanced electrocatalytic conversion in lithium-sulfur battery
Authors: Wang Shaofeng , Hou Xianhua , Zhong Zeming , Shen Kaixiang , Zhang Guangzu , Yao Lingmin , Chen Fuming 
Published: October 2018

AbstractLithium-sulfur battery has been considered to be one of the promising alternatives to the traditional lithium-ion battery due to its high theoretical energy density and saving-cost. However, the sluggish reaction during the decomposition of lithium sulfide results in a low specific capacity and poor cycling stability. Herein Co3O4nano-particle embedded mesoporous carbon rod (Co3O4@MCR) was prepared through a template method to accommodate sulfur as cathode of lithium-sulfur battery. The resultant composite was characterized by Raman spectra, XRD, TEM, SEM, etc. The electrochemical investigation demonstrated that Co3O4@MCR composite exhibits enhanced electrocatalytic performance in lithium-sulfur battery, which was confirmed by cyclic voltammograms, galvanostatic charge-discharge testing, and study of sulfide oxidation using linear sweep voltammetry. With the current density of 0.2 A/g, the specific discharge capacity can be achieved up to more than 1000 mAh/g after 100 cycles. The enhanced electrocatalytic conversion from Co3O4@MCR leads to a low over-potential, fast lithium-ion kinetics and sulfide oxidation reaction.
Effect of over expressing protective antigen on global gene transcription in Bacillus anthracis BH500
Authors: Sharma Ashish K. , Leppla Stephen H. , Pomerantsev Andrei P. , Shiloach Joseph 
Published: October 2018

AbstractProtective antigen (PA) of Bacillus anthracis is being considered as a vaccine candidate against anthrax and its production has been explored in several heterologous host systems. Since the systems tested introduced adverse issues such as inclusion body formation and endotoxin contamination, the production from B. anthracis is considered as a preferred method. The present study examines the effect of PA expression on the metabolism of B. anthracis producing strain, BH500, by comparing it with a control strain carrying an empty plasmid. The strains were grown in a bioreactor and RNA-seq analysis of the producing and non-producing strain was conducted. Among the observed differences, the strain expressing rPA had increased transcription of sigL, the gene encoding RNA polymerase σ54, sigB, the general stress transcription factor gene and its regulators rsbW and rsbV, as well as the global regulatory repressor ctsR. There were also decreased expression of intracellular heat stress related genes such as groL, groES, hslO, dnaJ, and dnaK and increased expression of extracellular chaperons csaA and prsA2. Also, major central metabolism genes belonging to TCA, glycolysis, PPP, and amino acids biosynthesis were up-regulated in the PA-producing strain during the lag phase and down-regulated in the log and late-log phases, which was associated with decreased specific growth rates. The information obtained from this study may guide genetic modification of B. anthracis to improve PA production.
Stable Liposome in Cosmetic Platforms for Transdermal Folic acid delivery for fortification and treatment of micronutrient deficiencies
Authors: Kapoor Mudra Saurabh , D’Souza Anisha , Aibani Noorjahan , Nair Swathi Sivasankaran , Sandbhor Puja , kumari Durga , Banerjee Rinti 
Published: October 2018

AbstractOral folate fortification has been successful in many developed nations, however, developing countries still face low compliance and high incidence of folate deficiency associated with low birth weight infants and preterm deliveries. We report safe and efficient approach for transdermal systemic folate delivery using fluidising liposomes (120 ± 4 nm) stabilised within 3D matrix of naturally occurring cosmetic bases: Fuller’s earth and henna with room temperature stability. The proof of stratum corneum fluidisation was established ex-vivo by Langmuir-Blodgett film, FTIR and confocal imaging in rat skin. In-vivo topical application in rats showed 11-fold increase in plasma folate within 2 hr, confirming systemic delivery through skin. Efficacy study in folate deficient rats over 4 weeks showed significantly higher plasma levels compared to oral delivery with significant skin depot. Sub-acute toxicity studies in rats at 750-fold higher doses showed safety after 4 weeks daily application. Primary irritation patch test on 25 healthy human volunteers proved non-irritant nature of the nutricosmetics. The technology is first demonstration of transdermal folate fortification with nanosized liposome incorporated in cosmetics, without synthetic surfactants/ethanol or need of external energy. The platform technology opens the possibility of delivering multiple nutrients systemically through skin and can be scaled for affordable community fortification.
Bacillus megaterium adapts to acid stress condition through a network of genes: Insight from a genome-wide transcriptome analysis
Authors: Goswami Gunajit , Panda Debashis , Samanta Ramkrishna , Boro Robin Chandra , Modi Mahendra Kumar , Bujarbaruah Kamal Malla , Barooah Madhumita 
Published: October 2018

AbstractRNA-seq analysis of B. megaterium exposed to pH 7.0 and pH 4.5 showed differential expression of 207 genes related to several processes. Among the 207 genes, 11 genes displayed increased transcription exclusively in pH 4.5. Exposure to pH 4.5 induced the expression of genes related to maintenance of cell integrity, pH homeostasis, alternative energy generation and modification of metabolic processes. Metabolic processes like pentose phosphate pathway, fatty acid biosynthesis, cysteine and methionine metabolism and synthesis of arginine and proline were remodeled during acid stress. Genes associated with oxidative stress and osmotic stress were up-regulated at pH 4.5 indicating a link between acid stress and other stresses. Acid stress also induced expression of genes that encoded general stress-responsive proteins as well as several hypothetical proteins. Our study indicates that a network of genes aid B. megaterium G18 to adapt and survive in acid stress condition.
Differential Assessment of Factor Xa Activity and Global Blood Coagulability Utilizing Novel Dielectric Coagulometry
Authors: Hamada Satomi , Hasegawa Yuki , Oono Ai , Suzuki Anna , Takahashi Naomi , Nishimura Takuro , Koyama Takatoshi , Hagihara Michio , Tohda Shuji , Furukawa Tetsushi , Hirao Kenzo , Sasano Tetsuo 
Published: October 2018

AbstractAn easy-to-use assessment for activated factor X (FXa) is lacking despite its pivotal role in the coagulation. Dielectric blood coagulometry (DBCM) was recently invented as a novel assessment tool for determining the whole blood coagulability by measuring the temporal change in the permittivity of blood. We previously reported that it could evaluate the global blood coagulability. This study aimed to apply the DBCM for assessing FXa activity and its inhibition by anticoagulants. We performed the DBCM analysis along with measurement of the FXa activity by a fluorometric assay in samples from healthy subjects, and identified a new index named maximum acceleration time (MAT) that had a correlation to the FXa activity. Next the DBCM analysis was performed using blood samples mixed with anticoagulants (unfractionated heparin, dalteparin, and edoxaban). Blood samples with three anticoagulants had different profiles of the temporal change in the permittivity, reflecting their different selectivity for FXa. We compared the MAT with the anti-FXa activity assay, and found that the prolongation of MAT was similarly correlated with the anti-FXa activity regardless of the type of anticoagulants. In conclusion, the DBCM has the possibility for evaluating the innate FXa activity and effect of anticoagulants focusing on their FXa inhibition.