bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Masc‐induced dosage compensation in silkworm cultured cells
Authors: Katsuma Susumu , Shoji Keisuke , Sugano Yudai , Suzuki Yutaka , Kiuchi Takashi 
Published: July 2019

The Masculinizer (Masc) gene encodes a CCCH‐tandem zinc finger protein that controls both masculinization and dosage compensation in the silkworm Bombyx mori. We previously measured the masculinizing activity of the lepidopteran Masc proteins using B. mori ovary‐derived cell line BmN‐4. Here, we established an RNA‐seq data‐based assay system in which the level of B. mori Masc (BmMasc)‐induced dosage compensation can be estimated in BmN‐4 cells. Using this system, we found that a cysteine residue at position 301, which was shown to be essential for the masculinizing activity of BmMasc, is also required for dosage compensation. We further investigated the relationships between Masc‐induced cell growth inhibition, masculinizing activity, and the level of dosage compensation, using Masc genes from three lepidopteran insects. In summary, we have established a cell‐based system to monitor levels of Masc‐induced dosage compensation.
In Situ Inkjet Printing Strategy for Fabricating Perovskite Quantum Dot Patterns
Authors: Shi Lifu , Meng Linghai , Jiang Feng , Ge Yong , Li Fei , Wu Xian‐gang , Zhong Haizheng 
Published: July 2019

AbstractPerovskite quantum dots are emerging as attractive materials for photonic and optoelectronic applications. Patterning is an important step to incorporate them into display, anti‐counterfeiting, and optical chip applications. In this work, an in situ inkjet printing strategy is demonstrated for fabricating perovskite quantum dots patterns by printing perovskite precursor solutions onto a polymeric layer. Importantly, this strategy can achieve bright photoluminescence with a quantum yield up to 80% and shows broad applicability to a variety of perovskites and polymers. Moreover, the as‐fabricated perovskite quantum dots patterns are composed of a microdisks array on the surface of polymeric layer. The size of these microdisks can be varied by adjusting the printing temperature. To demonstrate the potential use in display and advanced anti‐counterfeiting applications, color pixel patterns and 2D code pattern are fabricated by varying the precursor solutions. The combination of superior photoluminescence properties, simple process, and low cost makes the in situ inkjet printing strategy very promising for patterning perovskite quantum dots toward photonic integrations.
High‐Performance, Low‐Cost, and Dense‐Structure Electrodes with High Mass Loading for Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Wu Xinsheng , Xia Shuixin , Huang Yuanqi , Hu Xiangchen , Yuan Biao , Chen Shaojie , Yu Yi , Liu Wei 
Published: July 2019

AbstractLithium‐ion batteries have undergone a remarkable development in the past 30 years. However, conventional electrodes are insufficient for the ever‐increasing demand of high‐energy batteries. Here, reported is a thick electrode with a dense structure, as an alternative to the commonly recognized porous framework. A low‐temperature sintering technology with the aid of aqueous solvent, high pressure, and an ion‐conductive additive is originally developed for preparing the LiCoO2 (LCO)/Li4Ti5O12 (LTO) dense‐structure electrode as the representative cathode/anode material. The 400 µm thick cathode with 110 mg cm−2 mass loading achieves a high specific capacity of 131.2 mAh g−1 with a good capacity retention of 96% over 150 cycles, far exceeding the commercial counterpart (≈40 µm) of 54.1 mAh g−1 with 39%. The ultrathick electrode of 1300 µm thickness presents a remarkable area capacity of 28.6 mAh cm−2 that is 16 times that of the commercial electrode. The full cell based on the dense electrodes delivers an extremely high areal capacity of 14.4 mAh cm−2. The ion‐diffusion coefficients of the densely sintered electrodes increase by nearly three orders of magnitude. This design opens up a new avenue for scalable and sustainable material manufacturing towards various practical applications.
Functional Oxides for Photoneuromorphic Engineering: Toward a Solar Brain
Authors: Pérez‐Tomás Amador 
Published: July 2019

AbstractNew device concepts and new computing principles are needed to balance our ever‐growing appetite for data and information with the realization of the goals of increased energy efficiency, reduction in CO2 emissions, and the circular economy. Neuromorphic or synaptic electronics is an emerging field of research aiming to overcome the current computer's Von‐Neumann bottleneck by building artificial neuronal systems to mimic the extremely energy efficient biological synapses. The introduction of photovoltaic and/or photonic aspects into these neuromorphic architectures will produce self‐powered adaptive electronics but may also open new possibilities in artificial neuroscience, artificial neural communications, sensing, and machine learning which would enable, in turn, a new era for computational systems owing to the possibility of attaining high bandwidths with much reduced power consumption. This perspective is focused on recent progress in the implementation of functional oxide thin‐films into photovoltaic and neuromorphic applications toward the envisioned goal of self‐powered photovoltaic neuromorphic systems or a solar brain.
High Sensitivity and Broad Range Flexible Pressure Sensor Using Multilayered Porous PDMS/AgNP Sponge
Authors: Zhao Shuai , Zhu Rong 
Published: July 2019

AbstractFlexible pressure sensors attract wide attentions in recent years for their significant applications in wearable electronics and health monitoring. It is strongly desired that a pressure sensor possesses both low detection limit and wide measuring capability, covering a broad pressure range from Pa to hundred kPa, to meet diverse demands in different applications. This paper proposes a novel flexible pressure sensor based on thermosensation, using a multilayered and graded‐porosity polydimethylsiloxane/silver nanoparticle sponge as piezo‐thermic transduction. The sensor exhibits a high sensitivity, a low detection limit of 4.1 Pa, and a wide measuring range up to 200 kPa, which leads to a high range‐to‐limit ratio of about 50 000. The pressure sensor is monolithically integrated with a temperature sensor and dissolves temperature‐compensation. The unique combination of properties makes it feasible to monitor various human signals from subtle wrist pulse to finger tapping pressure and foot stepping pressure by a single device, which shows competent capabilities for multifarious applications in wearable electronics and health monitoring.
Network‐targeted approach and postoperative resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging are associated with seizure outcome
Authors: Boerwinkle Varina L. , Cediel Emilio G. , Mirea Lucia , Williams Korwyn , Kerrigan John F. , Lam Sandi , Raskin Jeffrey S. , Desai Virendra R. , Wilfong Angus A. , Adelson P. David , Curry Daniel J. 
Published: July 2019

ObjectivePostoperative resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in children with intractable epilepsy has not been quantified in relation to seizure outcome. Therefore, its value as a biomarker for epileptogenic pathology is not well understood.MethodsIn a sample of children with intractable epilepsy who underwent prospective resting‐state seizure onset zone (SOZ)‐targeted epilepsy surgery, postoperative resting‐state functional MRI (rs‐fMRI) was performed 6 to 12 months later. Graded normalization of the postoperative resting‐state SOZ was compared to seizure outcomes, patient, surgery, and anatomical MRI characteristics.ResultsA total of 64 cases were evaluated. Network‐targeted surgery, followed by postoperative rs‐fMRI normalization was significantly (p < 0.001) correlated with seizure reduction, with a Spearman rank correlation coefficient of 0.83. Of 39 cases with postoperative rs‐fMRI SOZ normalization, 38 (97%) became completely seizure free. In contrast, of the 25 cases without complete rs‐fMRI SOZ normalization, only 3 (5%) became seizure free. The accuracy of rs‐fMRI as a biomarker predicting seizure freedom is 94%, with 96% sensitivity and 93% specificity.InterpretationAmong seizure localization techniques in pediatric epilepsy, network‐targeted surgery, followed by postoperative rs‐fMRI normalization, has high correlation with seizure freedom. This study shows that rs‐fMRI SOZ can be used as a biomarker of the epileptogenic zone, and postoperative rs‐fMRI normalization is a biomarker for SOZ quiescence. ANN NEUROL 2019;86:344–356
Edge Capping of 2D‐MXene Sheets with Polyanionic Salts To Mitigate Oxidation in Aqueous Colloidal Suspensions
Authors: Natu Varun , Hart James L. , Sokol Maxim , Chiang Helen , Taheri Mitra L. , Barsoum Michel W. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractMXenes have shown promise in myriad applications, such as energy storage, catalysis, EMI shielding, among many others. However, MXene oxidation in aqueous colloidal suspensions when stored in water at ambient conditions remains a challenge. It is now shown that by simply capping the edges of individual MXene flakes, Ti3C2Tz and V2CTz, by polyanions such as polyphosphates, polysilicates or polyborates, it is possible to quite significantly reduce their propensity for oxidation even when held in aerated water for weeks. This breakthrough resulted from the realization that the edges of MXene sheets are positively charged. It is thus an example of selectively functionalizing the edges differently from the MXene sheet surfaces.
Mechanochemistry for Synthesis
Authors: Friščić Tomislav , Mottillo Cristina , Titi Hatem M. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractMechanochemical solvent‐free reactions by milling, grinding or other types of mechanical action have emerged as a viable alternative to solution chemistry. Mechanochemistry offers not only a possibility to eliminate the need for bulk solvent use, and reduce the generation of waste, but it also unlocks the door to a different reaction environment in which synthetic strategies, reactions and molecules previously not accessible in solution, can be achieved. This Minireview examines the potential of mechanochemistry in chemical and materials synthesis, by providing a cross‐section of the recent developments in using ball milling for the formation of molecules and materials based on covalent and coordination bonds.
Direct Visualization of Live Zebrafish Glycans via Single‐Step Metabolic Labeling with Fluorophore‐Tagged Nucleotide Sugars
Authors: Hong Senlian , Sahai‐Hernandez Pankaj , Chapla Digantkumar Gopaldas , Moremen Kelley W. , Traver David , Wu Peng 
Published: July 2019

AbstractDynamic turnover of cell‐surface glycans is involved in a myriad of biological events, making this process an attractive target for in vivo molecular imaging. Metabolic glycan labeling coupled with bioorthogonal chemistry has paved the way for visualizing glycans in living organisms. However, a two‐step labeling sequence is required, which suffers from the tissue‐penetration difficulties of the imaging probes. Here, by exploring the substrate promiscuity of endogenous glycosyltransferases, we developed a single‐step fluorescent glycan labeling strategy by using fluorophore‐tagged analogues of the nucleotide sugars. Injecting fluorophore‐tagged sialic acid and fucose into the yolk of zebrafish embryos at the one‐cell stage enables systematic imaging of sialylation and fucosylation in live zebrafish embryos at distinct developmental stages. From these studies, we obtained insights into the role of sialylated and fucosylated glycans in zebrafish hematopoiesis.
Study of electrospun polyacrylonitrile fibers with porous and ultrafine nanofibril structures: Effect of stabilization treatment on the resulting carbonized structure
Authors: Huang Chien‐Lin , Wei Tzu‐Hsin , Peng Sheng‐Yin , Lee Kun‐Mu 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTElectrospun polyacrylonitrile (PAN)‐based carbon nanofibers (CNFs) with high surface area have been of promising interest because of their potential for applications in various fields, especially energy devices. In this study, PAN nanofibers with porous and ultrafine nanofiber structures were prepared by electrospinning PAN/poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) immiscible solutions and then selectively removing the PVP component from the electrospun PAN/PVP bicomponent nanofibers. The chemical reaction and microstructure of the PAN fibers with porous and ultrafine nanofibril structures in the stabilization process were investigated. The results revealed the effects of PAN fibers with porous and ultrafine nanofibril structures on the crosslinking reaction, microstructure, and morphology during the stabilization process. According to thein situFourier transform infrared spectroscopy results, the intermolecular and intramolecular reactions of the nitrile group for the PAN fibers with ultrafine nanofibril structures exhibited slower reaction rates than those for the neat PAN fibers during stepwise and isothermal heating. Selecting a good stabilization temperature for ultrafine PAN‐crosslinked nanofibrils can enhance the surface area and carbonized structure of CNFs. The possible applications of CNFs with porous and ultrafine nanofibril structures in supercapacitors were also evaluated. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci.2019,136, 48218.
Metal–Organic‐Framework‐based Gas Chromatographic Separation
Authors: Tang Wen‐Qi , Xu Jin‐Ya , Gu Zhi‐Yuan 
Published: July 2019

AbstractMetal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) have been applied in various fields because of their fascinating structures and excellent properties. MOFs can serve as stationary phases in gas chromatography (GC), which has led to exceptional improvements of performance. Here, we summarize the application of MOFs in GC based on the classification of analytes. The advantages and separation mechanism of MOFs as stationary phases in GC are discussed in combination with the characteristics and structures of MOFs. The limitations are also summarized in this review, which can provide prospects on further research for the applications of MOFs.
Untersuchung der Mikroschädigung in Baustahl mit ESPI
Authors: Ritter Konrad , Unglaub Julian , Thiele Klaus 
Published: July 2019

AbstractEs wird eine Studie zur stark lokalisierten Mikroschädigung während der Risseinleitung unter zyklischer Beanspruchung am Baustahl vorgestellt. Hierfür werden gekerbte Proben mit einer Beanspruchung im High‐Cycle‐Fatigue‐(HCF‐)Bereich belastet. Die Bauteiloberfläche im Bereich der Kerbe wird mit der Electronic Speckle Pattern Interferometry (ESPI) inspiziert, einem Verfahren zur hochauflösenden und flächenhaften Messung von Dehnungen. Dies geschieht in diskreten Abständen von wenigen Tausend Lastwechseln. Die Auswertung der Messungen zeigt mit zunehmender Materialermüdung eine Lokalisierung sowie Akkumulation der Dehnungen.Die vorgestellten Ergebnisse entstanden im Rahmen eines laufenden Forschungsvorhabens des Graduiertenkollegs 2075 „Modelle für die Beschreibung der Zustandsänderung bei Alterung von Baustoffen und Tragwerken“. Dieses hat sich zum Ziel gesetzt, die Zustandsentwicklung von Bauwerken unter mechanischer und chemischer Beanspruchung auf unterschiedlichen zeitlichen und räumlichen Skalen zu beschreiben und zu bewerten.
Vorschlag einer Standardprüfmethode für Brettsperrholz im Brandfall
Authors: Klippel Michael , Schmid Joachim , Fahrni Reto , Kleinhenz Miriam , Frangi Andrea 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBrettsperrholz (BSP oder engl. Cross‐Laminated Timber, CLT) ist in den letzten Jahren zu einem beliebten Holzprodukt für hochwertige und innovative Holzbauten geworden. Wie bei jedem Bauprodukt müssen das Brandverhalten und der Feuerwiderstand von CLT‐Elementen bei der Planung von Gebäuden sorgfältig geprüft werden. Der Klebstoff, der in den Klebfugen von CLT verwendet wird, spielt eine wichtige Rolle bei der Brandbemessung. Derzeit stellen die europäischen Normen jedoch keine Prüfmethode zur Verfügung, um die Klebfugeneigenschaften im Brandfall von CLT zu beurteilen. An der ETH Zürich wurden im letzten Jahr Brandprüfungen mit CLT‐Deckenelementen durchgeführt, in denen Klebstoffe mit verschiedenen Eigenschaften im Brandfall geprüft wurden. Der vorliegende Aufsatz stellt die Ergebnisse dieser Brandprüfungen dar und zeigt die Grundlagen einer möglichen europäischen Prüfmethode zur Klassifizierung von Flächenverklebungen. Dabei wird gezeigt, dass der Massenverlust von verklebten CLT‐Elementen während eines EN/ISO‐Normbrands verwendet werden kann, um die Funktionsfähigkeit der Klebstofffuge im Brandfall (Haftvermögen) zu bewerten.
Two activating mutations of MPL in triple‐negative myeloproliferative neoplasms
Authors: Xie Juan , Chen Xiuhua , Gao Feng , Hou Ruixia , Tian Tingting , Zhang Yaofang , Fan Lifang , Hu Jinjun , Zhu Guiyang , Yang Wanfang , Wang Hongwei 
Published: July 2019

AbstractMPLW515K or W515L mutation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) through signaling molecules of the cytokine receptor axis. Besides MPLW515K or W515L, more than 30 atypical MPL mutations have been reported in patients who are negative for JAK2V617F, MPLW515K/L, and CALR mutations. Here, we aimed to identify the disease‐causing mutations in the triple‐negative case of ET. We described two MPL mutations in patients diagnosed with ET by target sequencing the hotspot mutation region of MPL gene. The MPLA497‐L498ins4 is an insertion mutation detected recurrently in ET patients, and the MPLW515RQ516E is a novel double‐point mutation found in an ET patient. Functional studies of MPLA497‐L498ins4 and MPLW515RQ516E revealed that they are gain‐of‐function mutations. Mutants of MPLA497‐L498ins4 and MPLW515RQ516E promoted autonomous proliferation on Ba/F3 cells in the absence of IL‐3. Autonomous activation of TPO‐R without ligand TPO was observed in MPLA497‐L498ins4 and MPLW515RQ516E mutants. Lower percentage of cells in G1 phase and higher percentage of cells in S phase of two atypical MPL mutants were detected after culturing without any cytokines. These two atypical MPL mutations also presented increase in phosphorylation of signaling proteins including JAK2/STAT, PI3K/AKT, and MAPK/RAS. In summary, the MPLA497‐L498ins4 and MPLW515RQ516E are gain‐of‐function mutations which may be novel driving factors participating in the pathogenesis of triple‐negative MPN.
Towards an evidence‐base for student wellbeing and mental health: Definitions, developmental transitions and data sets
Authors: Barkham Michael , Broglia Emma , Dufour Géraldine , Fudge Mark , Knowles Louise , Percy Alan , Turner Afra , Williams Charlotte ,   the SCORE Consortium
Published: July 2019

AbstractAgainst a background of huge changes in the world of university and college students since the turn of the millennium, together with a multitude of reports on student mental health/wellbeing, this article argues that the field of student mental health is hampered by the imprecise use of terms, a rush to action by universities in the absence of a robust evidence‐base, and a lack of overall coordination and collaboration in the collection and use of data. In response, we argue for clearer and more consistent use of definitions of, as well as differentiations between, student wellbeing and mental health, for a longitudinal approach to the student body that captures their developmental transitions to and through university, and a strategic and systematic approach to the use of bona fide measures in the collection of data on wellbeing and on the process of outcomes in embedded university counselling services. Such a coordinated approach will provide the necessary evidence‐base upon which to develop and deliver appropriate support and interventions to underpin and enhance the quality of students’ lives and learning while at university or college.
Metal–DNA Coordination‐Driven Self‐Assembly: A Conceptual Methodology to Expand the Repertoire of DNA Nanobiotechnology
Authors: Liu Bei , Zhang Jingfang , Li Lele 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe past several decades have witnessed a rapid revolution of DNA nanotechnology. DNA nanostructures are mainly synthesized with two approaches, by assembly of purely DNA‐based nanostructures through complementary base pairing or grafting DNA onto nanoparticles (NPs). Despite the progress made, developing simple and universal methods for the synthesis of DNA nanoarchitectures with specific morphologies and functionalities is still a challenge. This article introduces the reader to a new biomimetic methodology that leads to the controlled synthesis of DNA nanoarchitectures based on metal–DNA coordination chemistry and, furthermore, demonstrates the broad biomedical applications of these functional materials. In particular, we highlight the coordination‐driven 1) surface‐functionalization of NPs with DNA molecules and 2) direct self‐assembly of metal–DNA nanostructures. Finally, challenges and opportunities of this approach to develop nanobiotechnology are provided.
Monovalent Cation–Phenolic Crystals with pH‐Driven Reversible Crystal Transformation
Authors: Ou Ranwen , Wei Jing , Zhao Chen , Gu Qinfen , Zhu Haijin , Li Xingya , Nguyen Nhi Sa , Wan Li , Forsyth Maria , Wang Huanting 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe conversion of renewable plant polyphenol to advanced materials with tailorable properties and various functions is desirable and challenging. In this work, monovalent cation‐phenolic crystals contained K+ or Na+ ions were synthesized by using plant polyphenol as an organic source in alkaline solution. The crystal structure was resolved, showing a laminar crystal structure with M+ as connecting nodes. The morphologies (e.g., rod‐like and spindle‐shaped) and chemical compositions of crystals could be tuned by changing the cations. Interestingly, these polymer crystals exhibited a pH‐driven reversible crystal transformation. They transformed into their protonated crystalline form under acidic conditions (e.g., pH 2) and went back to the cation‐bound crystalline form in alkaline solutions. Furthermore, the crystals proved excellent antioxidants and heavy metal ion adsorbents.
Azaaurones as Potent Antimycobacterial Agents Active against MDR‐ and XDR‐TB
Authors: Campaniço André , Carrasco Marta P. , Njoroge Mathew , Seldon Ronnett , Chibale Kelly , Perdigão João , Portugal Isabel , Warner Digby F. , Moreira Rui , Lopes Francisca 
Published: July 2019

AbstractHerein we report the screening of a small library of aurones and their isosteric counterparts, azaaurones and N‐acetylazaaurones, against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Aurones were found to be inactive at 20 μm, whereas azaaurones and N‐acetylazaaurones emerged as the most potent compounds, with nine derivatives displaying MIC99 values ranging from 0.4 to 2.0 μm. In addition, several N‐acetylazaaurones were found to be active against multidrug‐resistant (MDR) and extensively drug‐resistant (XDR) clinical M. tuberculosis isolates. The antimycobacterial mechanism of action of these compounds remains to be determined; however, a preliminary mechanistic study confirmed that they do not inhibit the mycobacterial cytochrome bc1 complex. Additionally, microsomal metabolic stability and metabolite identification studies revealed that N‐acetylazaaurones are deacetylated to their azaaurone counterparts. Overall, these results demonstrate that azaaurones and their N‐acetyl counterparts represent a new entry in the toolbox of chemotypes capable of inhibiting M. tuberculosis growth.