bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perceptions of educational counselling for teachers on personal and professional matters: The case of Arab teachers in Israel
Authors: Abu Asbah Khaled , Da'as Rima'a 
Published: June 2018

AbstractObjectiveThe research investigated the perceptions of school teachers in an Arab high school in Israel towards the educational counsellor, noting the extent to which they consult educational counsellors on professional and personal matters.MethodSixty teachers participated in the research, divided equally between males and females. Quantitative methodology was employed, using a specially constructed questionnaire.ResultsThe main findings indicated that Arab teachers consult the educational counsellors more for professional than for personal matters. Further, there are no differences between female and male teachers consulting counsellors on professional and personal issues.
Effects of the Substituents of Boron Atoms on Conjugated Polymers Containing B←N Units
Authors: Wang Tao , Dou Chuandong , Liu Jun , Wang Lixiang 
Published: June 2018

AbstractOrganoboron chemistry is a new tool to tune the electronic structures and properties of conjugated polymers, which are important for applications in organic optoelectronic devices. To investigate the effects of substituents of boron atoms on conjugated polymers, we synthesized three conjugated polymers based on double B←N‐bridged bipyridine (BNBP) with various substituents on the boron atoms. By changing the substituents from four phenyl groups and two phenyl groups/two fluorine atoms to four fluorine atoms, the BNBP‐based polymers show blue‐shifted absorption spectra, decreased LUMO/HOMO energy levels, and enhanced electron affinities, as well as increased electron mobilities. Moreover, these BNBP‐based polymers can be used as electron acceptors for all‐polymer solar cells. These results demonstrate that substituents of boron atoms can effectively modulate the electronic properties and applications of conjugated polymers.
Combining liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry approaches to the study of monoterpene glycosides (aroma precursors) in wine grape
Authors: Flamini Riccardo , Menicatti Marta , De Rosso Mirko , Gardiman Massimo , Mayr Christine , Pallecchi Marco , Danza Giovanna , Bartolucci Gianluca 
Published: June 2018

AbstractMonoterpene‐glycosides are important aroma precursors that, undergo hydrolysis, confer intense floral notes to the wines. Therefore, the knowledge of the nature of the sugar residues and the structure of these molecules is of great interest. In present study, liquid chromatography (LC) separation coupled with different mass spectrometry (MS) experiments for the characterization of these compounds were explored. The LC parameters were tuned to optimize the resolution between the analytes present in grape sample extracts. Twenty principal peaks with a relative abundance >1% were selected and divided in 4 classes characterized by different molecular weight. In general, positive ionization of the studied compounds displayed the [M + NH4]+ ion as base peak. On the contrary, a distribution between [M + Cl]− and [M + HCOO]− species was observed in negative ion mode. However, a clear differentiation between the studied compounds was only possible by combining both LC and tandem MS (MS/MS). Indeed, by applying a series of energy resolved MS/MS experiments and monitoring both positive and negative ions, a structural characterization of the analytes was achieved. The proposed LC‐MS/MS approach provided the profile of monoterpenol‐diglycosides and allowed the identification of a series of isobaric terpene‐diglycosides in grape. The study of their MS/MS spectra indicated the structure of geranic and/or nerolic acid aglycones. To verify the interest of studied compounds, a preliminary evaluation of the intensity of signals of these glycosides were carried out. The obtained results showed a significant difference between the grape samples collected in two different vintages.
Recent applications of deep learning and machine intelligence on in silico drug discovery: methods, tools and databases
Authors: Rifaioglu Ahmet Sureyya , Atas Heval , Martin Maria Jesus , Cetin-Atalay Rengul , Atalay Volkan , Doğan Tunca 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe identification of interactions between drugs/compounds and their targets is crucial for the development of new drugs. In vitro screening experiments (i.e. bioassays) are frequently used for this purpose; however, experimental approaches are insufficient to explore novel drug-target interactions, mainly because of feasibility problems, as they are labour intensive, costly and time consuming. A computational field known as ‘virtual screening’ (VS) has emerged in the past decades to aid experimental drug discovery studies by statistically estimating unknown bio-interactions between compounds and biological targets. These methods use the physico-chemical and structural properties of compounds and/or target proteins along with the experimentally verified bio-interaction information to generate predictive models. Lately, sophisticated machine learning techniques are applied in VS to elevate the predictive performance.The objective of this study is to examine and discuss the recent applications of machine learning techniques in VS, including deep learning, which became highly popular after giving rise to epochal developments in the fields of computer vision and natural language processing. The past 3 years have witnessed an unprecedented amount of research studies considering the application of deep learning in biomedicine, including computational drug discovery. In this review, we first describe the main instruments of VS methods, including compound and protein features (i.e. representations and descriptors), frequently used libraries and toolkits for VS, bioactivity databases and gold-standard data sets for system training and benchmarking. We subsequently review recent VS studies with a strong emphasis on deep learning applications. Finally, we discuss the present state of the field, including the current challenges and suggest future directions. We believe that this survey will provide insight to the researchers working in the field of computational drug discovery in terms of comprehending and developing novel bio-prediction methods.
Chromosomal fusion and life history-associated genomic variation contribute to within-river local adaptation of Atlantic salmon
Authors: Wellband Kyle , Mérot Claire , Linnansaari Tommi , Elliott J. A. K. , Curry R. Allen , Bernatchez Louis 
Published: June 2018

AbstractChromosomal inversions have been implicated in facilitating adaptation in the face of high levels of gene flow, but whether chromosomal fusions also have similar potential remains poorly understood. Atlantic salmon are usually characterized by population structure at multiple spatial scales; however, this is not the case for tributaries of the Miramichi River in North America. To resolve genetic relationships between populations in this system and the potential for known chromosomal fusions to contribute to adaptation we genotyped 728 juvenile salmon using a 50K SNP array. Consistent with previous work, we report extremely weak overall population structuring (Global FST= 0.004) and failed to support hierarchical structure between the river’s two main branches. We provide the first genomic characterization of a previously described polymorphic fusion between chromosomes 8 and 29. Fusion genomic characteristics included high LD, reduced heterozygosity in the fused homokaryotes, and strong divergence between the fused and the unfused rearrangement. Population structure based on fusion karyotype was five times stronger than neutral variation (FST= 0.019) and the frequency of the fusion was associated with summer precipitation supporting a hypothesis that this rearrangement may contribute local adaptation despite weak neutral differentiation. Additionally, both outlier variation among populations and a polygenic framework for characterizing adaptive variation in relation to climate identified a 250 Kb region of chromosome 9, including the genesix6that has previously been linked to age-at-maturity and run-timing for this species. Overall our results indicate that adaptive processes, independent of major river branching, are more important than neutral processes for structuring these populations.
Characteristic impairments of goal-directed and habitual control in bulimia nervosa
Authors: Nunes Abraham , Helson Thomas J. , Dixon Laura M. , Trappenberg Thomas P. , Keshen Aaron R. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe relationship between clinical eating disorder symptom severity and balance of model-based (MB) and model-free (MF) control is unclear, and these traits’ predictive capacity is untested in this population. In 25 healthy controls (HCs), 25 subjects with binge eating disorder (BED), and 25 subjects with bulimia nervosa (BN), we show an inverse relationship between symptom severity and MB (though not MF) control. However, trial-by-trial behavioural data discriminated BN from other groups (area under receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.78; 95% CI=0.64–0.92) based primarily on impaired MF control. Our data—including analyses of reaction time and theory-driven computational modeling—support the hypothesis that among pathological binge eating groups, BN may be characterized by impaired value function learning. Our results suggest that trial-by-trial analysis of behavioural data may provide unique insights into the BN phenotype, which may thus be computationally distinct from the related disorder of BED and the HC state.
Microbial adaptation to venom is common in snakes and spiders
Authors: Esmaeilishirazifard E. , Usher L. , Trim C. , Denise H. , Sangal V. , Tyson G.H. , Barlow A. , Redway K.F. , Taylor J.D. , Kremyda-Vlachou M. , Davies S. , Loftus T. D. , Lock M.M.G. , Wright K. , Dalby A. , Snyder L.A.S. , Wuster W. , Trim S. , Moschos S.A. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractAnimal venoms are considered sterile sources of antimicrobial compounds with strong membrane disrupting activity against multi-drug resistant bacteria. However, bite wound infections are common in developing nations. Investigating the oral and venom microbiome of five snake and two spider species, we evidence viable microorganisms potentially unique to venom for black-necked spitting cobras (Naja nigricollis). Among these are two venom-resistant novel sequence types ofEnterococcus faecalis; the genome sequence data of these isolates feature an additional 45 genes, nearly half of which improve membrane integrity. Our findings challenge the dogma of venom sterility and indicate an increased primary infection risk in the clinical management of venomous animal bite wounds.One Sentence SummaryIndependent bacterial colonization of cobra venom drives acquisition of genes antagonistic to venom antimicrobial peptides.
The reform of criminal procedure of corruption cases in China
Authors: Peng Xinlin 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
In order to achieve fundamental results in punishing corruption crime, we should adhere to the legal anti-corruption pattern, advance with the Rule of Law, and make anti-corruption standardized and institutionalized. The bottom line is that we should reform and improve the criminal procedure for corruption crime in China. Problems in the current procedure for corruption crime mainly include: the presumption rules for corruption crime have not been established, the absence of stigma witness exemption system, the witness protection system, the investigation jurisdiction are not perfect, the supervision of investigation is weak, the lack of absentee trial system for corrupt crime, the non-institutionalization of off-site trial, technical investigation measures may be abused, and difficulties in person sought for corruption and asset recovery. To reform and improve the procedure for corruption crime in China, it is suggested that special procedures for corruption crime be set up as appropriate, relevant contents of the United Nations Convention against Corruption (UNCAC) should be reasonably absorbed, and efforts should be made to promote the institutionalization of the reform achievements in criminal procedure of corruption crime.
Low-dimensional compounds containing cyanido groups. Part XXXIV. Structure, spectral and magnetic properties of the first complex with pyridylbenzimidazole and nonlinear pseudohalide anion
Authors: Potočňák Ivan , Bukrynov Oleksandr , Kliuikov Andrii , Čižmár Erik , Vitushkina Svitlana , Váhovská Lucia , Samoľová Erika 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
From the system CuCl2 – pbi – NaN(CN)2
−, polymeric [CuCl(μ1,5-dca)(pbi)]n·nH2O (1) complex (dca=dicyanamide, pbi=2-(2-pyridyl)benzimidazole) was isolated and characterized by structure analysis, spectral and magnetic measurements. Infrared spectroscopy confirmed the presence of pbi, dca and water molecules in 1. Its solid-state structure is formed by infinite chains running along the b axis. In the chain, the Cu(II) atom is penta-coordinated by two nitrogen atoms of chelate pbi ligand, by two nitrile nitrogen atoms of bridging μ1,5-dca and by chloride ligand which occupies the apical position of tetragonal pyramid around the Cu(II) atom. Asymmetric unit is supplemented by one molecule of solvated water, which along with chlorine atom serves as acceptors in intermolecular hydrogen bonds and along with π–π interactions create a 3D supramolecular structure. Magnetic measurements revealed the presence of a weak ferromagnetic exchange interaction J/kB
=0.11 K.
Morphological features and morphometric indices of the mucous membranes of different parts of the intestines of broiler chickens for feeding feeds with probiotic additive
Authors: Kotsyumbas G. , Kostyniuk A. , Lemishevskyi V. , Fedyk Yu. 
Published: June 2018

The article presents the results of histological, histochemical searches and histomorphometric indices of villous height, depth of the crypt of the mucous membrane of the duodenum, jejunum and caecum of broiler chickens, fed a feed with probiotic additive «Probion forte» at a dose of 1 g/kg for 42 days in a row. The experiments were carried out on broiler chickens of the «Kobb-500» breed under vivarium conditions. Two experimental groups of broiler chickens were formed, with a body weight of 37–40 g, with 30 heads in each: First group was received feed with the probiotic «Probion forte» at a dose of 1 g/kg, and the second-control group, which was fed the main ration without the addition of any preparation. At 15, 30 and 42 days of the experiment, 10 chicks from each group were withdrawn from the experiment, an autopsy was carried out and samples from the duodenum, jejunum and the i caecum were taken, which were fixed in 10% neutral formalin solution, Carnoua and Buena liquid, followed by paraffin filling. Gisto-cutters were made, stained with hematoxylin-eosin, by Stidman and McManus. For the histological, histochemical, histomorphometric search of the mucous membrane of the duodenum, jejunum and caecum of chickens of the experimental group, It was established that the use of «Probion forte» in a dose of 1 g/kg with food for chicken broilers in the process of growth and development was contributed to: activation of the mitotic and synthesizing functions of cells, active hyperplastic and hypertrophic processes in the structural elements of the mucous membrane of the investigated sections of the intestines of broiler chickens, as a result of which was expressed by an increase in the height of the villi and the depth of the crypts. In the broiler chickens of the experimental group it was most likely increased the height of the villi in the duodenum at 15 and 42 days; in the jejunum, the probable increase in the height of the villi was noted at 15 and 30 days, and in the caecum - at 30 and 42 days of the experiment. At the same time, the height of columnar epitheliocytes, which was located on the villi of the jejunum of animals of the I group, was 31.5 μm and 24.9 μm in control. At the same time, active formation of mucus-like cells of the duodenum, jejunum and caecum, rich in glycosaminoglycans and glycoproteins, has been established, which contributed to the formation of a thick mucosal biofilm. The latter serves as a liquid phase in which the movement of cells is carried out, as well as an important barrier to the action of enzymes, pathogens and conditionally pathogenic microorganisms. An increase in the number of columnar epithelial cells and cello-like cells of the villi of the intestinal mucus was aimed at improving parietal digestion, absorption and enhancement of the protective function.
Application of new generation phytobiotic adiCoxSOL® PF for coccidiosis prophylactics in poultry broilers
Authors: Cichocka E. , Drymel W. , Abramovych-Pindor P. , Didukh A. 
Published: June 2018

The new WHO recommendations aim to help preserve the effectiveness of antibiotics that are important for human medicine by reducing their unnecessary use in animals. In some countries, approximately 80% of total consumption of medically important antibiotics is in the animal sector, largely for growth promotion in healthy animals .Over-use and misuse of antibiotics in animals and humans is contributing to the rising threat of antibiotic resistance. After the ban of antibiotic growth promoters (AGP) in the EU many alternative substances have been investigated for their potential to replace AGPs. Phytobiotics are well known for their pharmacological effects and their wide application in human medicine and are one of the most promising alternatives due to their high content of pharmacologically active compounds. Herbs develop their initial activity in the feed as flavour and, therefore, influence eating patterns, the secretion of digestive fluids and total feed intake. Stimulation of digestive secretions, including saliva, digestive enzymes, bile and mucus is often considered to be one of the important actions of phytobiotics. Last, due to herbs content develop their initial activity in the feed as flavour and influence eating patterns of poultry and swine due to the secretion of digestive fluids and total feed intake. Stimulation of digestive secretions, including saliva, digestive enzymes, bile and mucus is often considered to be one of the important actions of phytobiotics. Experiments with various products conducted with broilers show a clear tendency for improved performance and health status. Significant part of poultry farms in Poland, which are exporters of their products to EU and Asia are more and more often using phytobiotics particularly AdiCox Sol PF® for the prophylactic of subclinical coccidiosis and as a natural growth promoter in broilers. AdiCox PF® contains specially prepared Cinapis alba L., Piper nigrum L., Acorus calamus L., Saponaria officinalis L. Generally have positive effect on villi, nutrient absorption and digestal viscosity. Application of adiCoxSOL® PF solution at 22–25 days of age in broilers in dose of 1 liter per1000 liters of water for 3 days via drinking water. As a result mortality and other typical for coccidiosis clinical signs significantly decreased. Supplementation of AdiCox Sol PF® improved performance due to its positive influence on intestinal microflora and anticoccidial efficacy in broiler chicken.
Italian Politics in Albania and Albanian Factors February - December 1918
Authors: Ahmetaj Lavdosh 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
The paper consists of these key ideas, first, Italy in Albania reflects cautious, which was accompanied by the formation of an administration with an Albanian element but in the care of Italy. While, on the other hand, felt anxious, due to the publication of the Secret Treaty of London, which was associated with the distrust of Albanians towards Italy's care. Secondly, on the other hand, Italy's politics urged the Albanians of Switzerland to wake up in these very important historical moments for Albania, for the fact that the post-war political conditions of the First World required Albania to be represented in European politics through Italy. Thirdly, the Albanian political class was on its way to maturity, at the same time experiencing disagreement, in the mere political terms, under such conditions Italy had drawn into its politics, some prominent Albanian elements, who sought Italy's help for The formation of the Albanian state. This intervention had created discussions and disagreements between the Albanian political segments that with the echo of the past were perceived as different political streams.
Statistical Evaluation of Seasonal Effects to Income, Sales and Work- Ocupation of Farmers, the Apples Case in Prizren and Korça Regions
Authors: Deda Eriona 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
This paper is focused on the statistical assessment of seasonal effects on farmers' income, their workocupation in farm, and sales of apple products. In focus of this study we have taken two regions Prizren and Korça. By making a comparing between Albania and Kosovo, with regard to significance of the model of seasonal effects for apples. In this paper we have used several statistical and econometric methods to evaluate the seasonal effects on economic phenomena taken in the study. We have used the variation indicators to show the distribution of the observed phenomenon. We also have used dummy variable models. Dummy variables are often used in time series analysis, in seasonal and qualitative analysis of applied data. Each dummy variable is set to 1 if the point of datas is received from a specified season and otherwise 0. To evaluate the seasonal effects in a time series through 1dummy variables, we need to use four dummy variables, one for each quarter, or three dummy variables and a constant. These variables use them as inputs or factors in a regression model. In our paper, we have categorized sales, for apples in 5 different periods. To estimate the magnitude of seasonal effects and to test their significansy are used four dami variables. The purpose of this paper is to show whether the pattern of seasonal effects for apples is significant.