bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Longterm temporal analysis of vegetation cover and soil use on Ilha de Mosqueiro, Belém, Pará, Amazonian Brazil
Authors: Carvalho Lima Larissa De , Brasil Neto Alberto Bentes , Costa dos Santos Cassio Rafael , Braga Aline Nascimento , Teixeira Nunes Suany Couto 
Published: September 2018

Assessing the dynamics of land use is important in providing quantified estimates of the extent of ecosystem change, and so and structured planning to reduce its environmental and social impacts. The objective of the current study was to analyze the dynamics of vegetation and soil use on Ilha de Mosqueiro,
Belém, Pará State, northern Brazil, between 1984 and 2014, via digital image processing. For this purpose, satellite images of Ilha de Mosqueiro (orbit/point 224/62) were used. These comprised of Landsat 5 Satellite, Sensor TM, images for the years 1984, 1996 and 2008, and 2014 images from the Landsat Satellite 8, OLI
sensor. These images were processed so as to classify and determine the area occupied by the following classes: dense vegetation, secondary vegetation, low growth, exposed soil, urban area and other. There was a continuous reduction of the dense vegetation class between 1984 and 2008; this accounted for 67.8% of the total area the Ilha de Mosqueiro in 1984, and 31% in 2008. At the same time the class open soil showed continuous growth across all evaluated periods, representing 2.25% of land cover in 1984, increasing to 2.33% and 4.20%, in 1996 and 2014, respectively. Between 1984 and 2014, there was a great increase in the class urban area, generally associated with the generation of environmental problems, due to irregular occupation and lack of environmental and urban management of the island.
Bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae) injurious to grapes in the semiarid region of Rio Grande do Norte state, Brazil
Authors: Carvalho Soares Jefferson Bruno , Costa Ewerton Marinho , Araujo Elton Lucio 
Published: September 2018

Commercial cultivation of grapes (Vitis sp.) is expanding in the semi-arid region of Rio Grande do Norte (RN) state, Brazil. However, one of the key aspects for successful grapevine cultivation is a knowledge of the pests affecting the crop, especially in regions where cultivation is recent and in the initial phase of
expansion. Consequently, the study objective was to conduct the first-ever study of damage by bees to grapes in the semi-arid state of Rio Grande do Norte, and to quantify the losses caused by the attack. The study occurred in a vinyard planted with ‘Itália’ and ‘Isabel’ varieties, located in a semiarid region of RN, in the Mossoró municipality. Studies quantifying damage occurred in the dry season (August - September 2014) and rainy season (February - March 2015). The bees Apis mellifera L. (Hymenoptera: Apidae) and Trigona spinipes Fabricius (Hymenoptera: Apidae) were observed to cause damage to bunches of grapes only during
the dry period of the year. The bees caused significant losses in the ‘Isabel’ and ‘Italia’ varieties, with 75.94 and 72.11% of bunches having more than 5% of grapes damaged, respectively.
Impacts of Early‐ and Late‐Terminated Cover Crops on Gas Fluxes
Authors: Ruis Sabrina J. , Blanco‐Canqui Humberto , Jasa Paul J. , Ferguson Richard B. , Slater Glen 
Published: September 2018

Cover crops (CCs) could alter soil processes, but the effects of early versus late termination of CCs on gas fluxes are not well known. We evaluated temporal changes in fluxes of CO2, N2O, and CH4 and related soil properties in no‐till corn (Zea mays L.) with and without winter rye (Secale cereale L.) CCs that were terminated early (30 d before planting) or late (at planting) in a rainfed silty clay loam and an irrigated silt loam in Nebraska from April 2016 to June 2017. Gas fluxes, soil temperature, and soil water content were measured biweekly to monthly, and wet aggregate stability and particulate organic matter concentrations were measured seasonally. We also compared our results with a global literature review. Late‐terminated CCs did not affect CH4 fluxes but increased daily CO2 fluxes by 59% compared with no CC at both sites and N2O fluxes by 92% at the rainfed site only. Early termination did not affect gas fluxes. Termination date did not affect cumulative fluxes and had minimal effects on soil properties. The literature review supports our study results, which indicate that CC effects on (i) CO2 fluxes are driven by plant respiration during the CC growing period, and (ii) N2O and CH4 fluxes are minimal under grass CCs. Overall, under no‐till, CC termination date has small effects on N2O and CH4 fluxes, but late CC termination can increase CO2 fluxes in spring due to greater biomass yield compared with early termination.Core Ideas
Early‐terminated cover crops had limited effects on CO2 fluxes in this study.
Late‐terminated cover crops increased CO2 flux mainly in spring due to higher cover crop biomass yield.
Cover crop termination effects on N2O and CH4 fluxes were generally nonsignificant.
Our literature review showed cover crops affected CO2 mostly during their growing period.
Our literature results also showed grass cover crops had limited effects on N2O.
Soil Specific Surface Area Determination by Visible Near‐Infrared Spectroscopy
Authors: Knadel Maria , Arthur Emmanuel , Weber Peter , Moldrup Per , Greve Mogens Humlekrog , Chrysodonta Zampella Pittaki , de Jonge Lis W. 
Published: September 2018

Core IdeasFeasibility of using vis–NIRS for SSA determination in a highly variable data set was investigatedAcceptable predictive ability for SSA using PLS and iPLS was obtained.iPLS resulted in little improved accuracy for both SSA and clayiPLS indicated a higher specificity of SSA than of clay responseThe important wavelengths reflected the organo‐mineral composition and its interactionsThe soil specific surface area (SSA) affects soil physical and chemical properties. Numerous studies applied visible near‐infrared spectroscopy (Vis–NIRS) to estimate clay content (particles < 2 µm). Since SSA is better defined and more directly related to particle size distribution and mineralogy than clay content, predictions of SSA from Vis–NIRS are expected to be better than that for clay. Thus, the aims of this study were to (i) test the feasibility of using Vis–NIRS for SSA determination, (ii) compare the predictive ability of Partial Least Squares (PLS) model of SSA with that of clay, (iii) identify important wavelengths using interval Partial Least Squares (iPLS) regression, and to test if the application of iPLS improves the predictive ability of the models. A total of 550 soil samples with a wide range in SSA (3–437 m2g–1) and clay content (1–83%) was divided into a calibration and a validation set. The PLS models had similar predictive ability for SSA (ratio of performance to interquartile range, RPIQ = 1.7) and clay content (RPIQ = 1.6). Utilizing iPLS led to only limited improvement in the prediction accuracy (RPIQ of 1.8 and 1.7 for SSA and clay content, respectively), yet decreased the number of relevant wavelengths and indicated a higher specificity of SSA over the broader spectral response of clay. The important wavelengths for SSA and clay predictions were indicative of the organo‐mineral content and its interactions, including spectral response from not only iron oxides and minerals but also organic matter due to masking effect of the non‐complexed organic carbon on the mineral phases of some of the soils.
Giving Advice and Responding to it in a Spanish Discussion among Puerto Ricans
Authors: Pinilla-Herrera Angela 
Published: September 2018

<em>Although advice is considered in many languages as a face-threatening speech act; in Spanish it is often seen as a solidarity-building tool that shows closeness among the interlocutors. This study analyzes the advice sequences in a conversation between a Puerto Rican couple in order to identify the strategies, types of sentences, and reactions that took place during the verbal exchange. Results show evidence that -contrary to building solidarity among Spanish speakers- advice can also serve as a tool for questioning, criticizing, and demeaning the interlocutor.</em>
Оценки подростками своей эффективности в ситуации семейного функционирования
Authors: Погорелова Елена Ивановна 
Published: September 2018

The article examines adolescents’ effectiveness in family functioning situations. The concept of self-efficacy refers to the subject’s perceptions and judgments about its abilities to act successfully in a particular situation. An analysis of literature shows that the primary experience of teenagers’ self-efficacy is formed by family. Systemof family functioning and resilience of the family play an important role in shaping of the sense of efficacy. The resilience of the family is regarded as a dynamic process, which allows adapt successfully to difficult life circumstances. It was suggested that adolescents whoevaluate their effectiveness highly in conflict situations with parents, at the same time perceive their parents in the different life circumstances more positive and effective. Research methods were chosen in accordance with the purposes of study, including the application of mathematical methods of statistics for accurate and objectivemeasurements. An analysis of the empirical data confirmed the hypothesis. It was found that girls and boys with high efficacy evaluations in conflict situations imagine their parents as authoritative and supportive in difficult circumstances. The novelty of the research lies in the fact that it reveals general factors of adolescents’ self-efficacy in the family functioning. The assessment adolescents’ self-efficacy in the difficult family situations correlates with adolescents’ perceptionof their parents.
Влияние конструкции эпитаксиальной структуры и параметров роста на характеристики метаморфных лазеров оптического диапазона 1.46 мкм на основе квантовых точек на положках GaAs
Authors: Максимов М.В. , Надточий А.М. , Шерняков Ю.М. , Паюсов А.С. , Васильев А.П. , Устинов В.М. , Сeрин А.А. , Гордеев Н.Ю. , Жуков А.Е. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe characteristics of lasers of the 1.44–1.46-μm optical range grown on GaAs substrates using a metamorphic buffer are studied. The active region of the laser contains 10 rows of InAs/In_0.4Ga_0.6As/In_0.2Ga_0.8As quantum dots. It is shown that the use of special selective high-temperature annealing along with the application of short-period In_0.2Ga_0.8As/In_0.2Al_0.3Ga_0.5As short-period superlattices makes it possible to substantially decrease the density of threading dislocations in the active region. A threshold current density of 1300 A cm^–2, external differential quantum efficiency of 38%, and maximal pulsed-mode output power of 13 W are attained for a laser with a broad area 3 mm in length.
Un viaje a las periferias salvajes de las grandes ciudades mexicanas
Authors: Brañas García Cecilia 
Published: September 2018

<p>Este es un breve y conciso viaje por la “urbanización salvaje” periférica. Este recorrido nos permitirá adentrarnos lo suficiente al tema como para tener una mirada crítica sobre el fenómeno urbanizador que se ha dado en los alrededores de las grandes ciudades mexicanas, entre los años 2000 y 2015, aproximadamente.<br />Lejos de lo que el título que encabeza este texto pueda sugerir a más de un lector, la urbanización salvaje a la que hacemos referencia1 tiene más que ver con la definición de capitalismo salvaje (o neoliberalismo), que con la condición “desordenada o no planificada” de la acción urbanizadora sobre el territorio. Para muestra, basta traer a la mente la imagen de cualquier fragmento de poblamiento popular2<br />-más comúnmente conocidos como asentamientos irregulares populares- de México, América Latina o del mundo, los cuales más allá del desorden representan el nuevo poblamiento neoliberal del siglo XXI</p>
Arco sin triunfo
Authors: Cárdenas del Moral Jorge 
Published: September 2018

<p>El arco como símbolo del triunfo tiene antecedentes en la Roma imperial. De origen militar, elogiaba la victoria de los ejércitos y saludaba el nombre de personajes influyentes: por ahí desfilarían los representantes de una versión del “triunfo.” A pesar de que han transcurrido cientos de años desde la celebración de aquellos rituales, hoy es posible encontrar esos vestigios en contextos cercanos. Si durante el Renacimiento y el siglo XIX se copiaron los motivos<br />de la arquitectura clásica para modelar la representación del poder, el siglo xx no fue ajeno al empleo de formas previas con la finalidad de cristalizar una idea de lo memorable.1<br />En Occidente, los regímenes totalitarios de los años treinta se caracterizaron por disponer de la arquitectura como instrumento ideológico, algo que Walter Benjamin identificó<br />en la “estetización de la política.”</p>
Configuración del poder y fragilidad urbana
Authors: Filipe Narciso Carla 
Published: September 2018

<p>En los marcos geopolíticos de regulación y flexibilización de los mercados neoliberales, las estructuras urbanas se han vuelto imperativas para acumulación del capital, sin que eso a su vez genere una serie de contracciones socio-espaciales, ya que presupone la organización de la sociedad desde una<br />perspectiva espacial que permite fijar y controlar a los individuos, con el objetivo inmediato de “abrir nuevas oportunidades de mayores ganancias, para encontrar nuevas maneras de mantener el control social, y estimular los incrementos en la producción y el consumo”. Desde diferentes latitudes geográficas, gobiernos suman a sus sistemas de planeación distintas estrategias de corte neoliberal que han resultado en un modelo de desarrollo económico inequitativo, lo que se vuelve más evidente frente a determinados desastres “naturales.” Tal es el caso de los sismos, en específico el del 19 de septiembre de 2017 en la Ciudad de México, donde fue evidente cómo la reestructuración espacial derivada del momento político-económico actual ha establecido una fragmentación y segmentación socio-espacial. Esta división social es generada por procesos de control y regulación societal, que determinan espacios de exclusión y de poder, por ello los “más” marginados se tienen que ubicar en las zonas de mayor vulnerabilidad y riesgo social, pues no cuentan con los recursos para establecerse en la ciudad central, situación a la que se suma el incumplimiento de los reglamentos, las políticas y los programas, así como la corrupción.</p>
AKHLAK TERPUJI DAN YANG TERCELA: Telaah Singkat Ihya’ Ulumuddin Jilid III
Authors: Hajriansyah Hajriansyah 
Published: September 2018

<p><em>Ihya 'Ulumiddin is the masterpiece of Hujjatul Islam al-Ghazali. This book, composed of four large volumes, was mentioned as a work that elaborates the understanding of Shari'ah with Sufism, and always referred too in the two contexts of thought. This paper will briefly examine the thought of al-Ghazali in this book, especially in Volume III which talks about al-Muhlikat. The approach begins with a biographical review of the author of this book, the socio-religious background in which it was written and the author's motivation, as well as the miracle of the heart, morally disgraceful and love of the world.</em></p><p><em>Keyword: Al-Ghazali, Ihya ‘Ulumiddin, Volume III, Al-Muhlikat, </em><em>Miracle of Heart.</em></p>
KOMUNIKASI ORANG TUA-ANAK DALAM AL-QURAN (Studi Terhadap QS. Ash-Shaffat ayat 100-102)
Authors: Zainab Siti 
Published: September 2018

<p>Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap bagaimana komunikasi orangtua-anak dalam perspektif al-Quran khususnya pada Q. S., ash shaffat ayat 100-102.</p><p>Penelitian ini murni kepustakaan dengan menggunakan pendekatan tafsir. Teknik yang digunakan adalah dengan seleksi sumber dan analisis isi. Data primer adalah al-Quran al-karim dan kitab-kitab tafsir, sedangkan data sekunder adalah buku-buku yang berkaitan dengan Ilmu Komunikasi . Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan tafsir tahlili .</p><p>Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, <em>Pertama</em>: Kandungan Q. s., ash shaffat ayat 100-102 mengemukakan betapa pentingnya sebuah do’a dipanjatkan secara sungguh-sungguh oleh orangtua agar diberi anak yang shaleh; ketika dianegerahi seorang anak hendaklah dididik dengan baik agar tumbuh menjadi anak yang shaleh; ketika mendidik anak tentunya banyak terdapat cobaan, masalah dan hambatan, selain penanaman agama sejak dini kepada anak, cara lainnya dilakukan dengan menjalin komunikasi yang baik antara orangtua dan anak. <em>Kedua</em>: Komunikasi orangtua-anak yang dibangun antara nabi Ibrahim a.s. dengan Nabi Ismail a.s.pada Q. s., ash-shaffat ayat 100-102 adalah : membangun kebersamaan dan kepercayaan; menjalin komunikasi yang baik melalui cara saling terbuka, melakukan dialog/diskusi dengan rasa saling menghargai dan menghormati; dapat berempati dan saling mendukung sehingga adanya kesamaan visi dalam melihat persoalan yang pada akhirnya tercipta komunikasi yang efektif. Kesamaan visi tersebut bersumber dari pemahaman agama yang benar dan sama –sama berusaha melaksanakan dan mengikhlashkannya. Komunikasi yang terjalin baik antara orangtua dan anak karena keduanya (baik sebagai komunikator maupun komunikan) memiliki karakter yang kuat (iman yang kuat, ilmu yang tinggi serta perilaku yang baik). Selain itu dalam berkomunikasi dilakukan dengan pemilihan bahasa/ kata yang baik dan menerapkan teknik komunikasi yang tepat dan benar.</p><p>Kata kunci: Komunikasi Orangtua-anak, Q.S., ash Shaffat ayat 100-102</p>
KRITIK SEYYED HOSSEIN NASR TERHADAP KLAIM KEBENARAN MODERNISME
Authors: Fadli Syairil 
Published: September 2018

<p>Filsafat bermula dari kekaguman terhadap yang sederhana, pada gilirannya mampu melahirkan ilmu pengetahuan dalam berbagai bidang. Kekaguman itu ditandai dengan keinginan manusia menjawab rahasia alam, manusia, dan Tuhan. Manusia ingin memahami dan mengetahui apa yang dapat dilakukan terhadap apa yang mereka ketahui. Pertanyaan mendalam menjadi kebutuhan dan menghantui seperti: “Kenapa aku berada di jagad ini?”; “Apakah yang dimaksud dengan pengetahuan?”; “Apakah radikal itu?”. Hal senada diungkapkan oleh Seyyed Hossein Nasr, kapan dan di mana pun berada, manusia tidak dapat menghindari pertanyaan mendasar dengan serius, “Siapakah manusia?” “Dari mana manusia berasal?” “Apa yang manusia kerjakan?” dan “Akan ke mana manusia pergi?” Leenhouwers berpendapat, dari sekian banyak pertanyaan, kalau diperas menjadi satu pertanyaan menentukan, yakni, “Apakah kebenaran itu?”</p><p>Kata Kunci: Sayyed Hossein Nasr, Modernisme</p>
KOMUNIKASI INTERPERSONAL TENAGA PENDIDIK TERHADAP KEBERHASILAN BELAJAR SISWA PADA MIS ASSALAM MARTAPURA DAN MIN SUNGAI SIPAI KABUPATEN BANJAR
Authors: Ropiani M. 
Published: September 2018

<p>Dalam penelitian ini, peneliti menggunakan metode pendekatan kuantitatif karena data yang digunakan secara umum berupa angka-angka yang dihitung melalui uji statistik. sedangkan spesifikasi adalah deskriptif analitik korelasional. Yakni penelitian ini melukiskan secara sistematis, faktual, dam cermat juga berusaha memberikan gambaran tentang apa saja yang ada hubungannya dengan penelitian kemudian, menganalisa untuk menemukan pemecahan masalah yang dihadapi. Dalam hasil pengamatan yang di lakukan pada dua Madrasah Ibtidaiyah di Kabupaten Banjar, yakni Madarasah Ibtidaiyah Assalam Martapura dan Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Negeri Sungai Sipai, dimana dari dua Madrasah Ibtidaiyah tersebut adalah Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Assalam Martapuran merupakan sekolah swasta di bawah naungan Kemenag yang juga binaan dari Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Negeri Sungai Sipai, pada kedua sekolah tersebut sering di jumpai bahwa faktor yang mempengaruhi belajar ini meliputi metode mengajar, kurikulum relasi tenaga pendidik dengan siswa, relasi siswa dengan siswa, disiplin, pelajaran, falisilitas dan waktu, standar pelajaran, keadaan gedung, metode belajar dan tugas rumah. Belajar mengajar merupakan perilaku inti dalam proses pendidikan dimana anak didik dan pendidik berinteraksi. Interaksi belajar mengajar ditunjang oleh beberapa faktor lain dalam pendidikan antara lain: tujuan pendidikan, pendidik, anak didik, alam dan fasilitas pendidikan, metode mengajar, materi pelajaran dan lingkungan.</p><p>Kata Kunci: Komunikasi Interpersonal, Tenaga Pendidik</p>
WARIA, PEMERINTAH, DAN HAK SEKSUAL: KASUS IMPLEMENTASI PERDA GEPENG DI DAERAH ISTIMEWA YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Sa'dan Masthuriyah 
Published: September 2018

<p>Gubernur Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta mengeluarkan peraturan daerah nomor 1 tahun 2014 tentang penanganan gelandangan dan pengemis. Para waria yang mengamen di pinggir jalan, di trotoar dan di lampu merah juga menjadi incaran utama aparat. Sehingga mereka yang ditangkap tidak mendapat perlakuan yang manusiawi di <em>camp assessment</em> termasuk pelayanan dalam hal kesehatan seksual dan reproduksi bagi waria yang mengidap HIV/AIDS. Padahal mengamen bagi waria mungkin ”satu-satunya” cara untuk bertahan hidup di kota Yogyakarta. Dengan menggunakan kajian pustaka, tulisan ini ingin mengkaji mengapa waria mengamen dan bagaimana sikap dan tanggung jawab negara untuk memenuhi hak asasi bagi waria.</p><p><strong>Kata kunci:</strong> waria, pemerintah, hak seksual.</p>
Combining art activities and nature in pre-school education
Authors: Temiz Zeynep , Karaarslan Semiz Güliz 
Published: September 2018

The purpose of this study was to integrate nature and natural materials in art activities in pre-school education setting. Eight pre-service early childhood teachers taking practicum course participated in this study. Pre-service teachers were encouraged to use nature and natural materials in art activities through ten weeks period. Qualitative data consisted of art activities conducted with natural materials in the practicum course and interviews conducted with pre-service teachers before and after they applied their activities. Findings of the study revealed that pre-service teachers used unusual and engaging material compared to conventional stationary materials generally used in art activities. Pre-service teachers’ art materials included stones, leaves, soil, sand, bones, fruits, animal products and parts but not limited to those materials. Pre-service teachers used these materials in their art activities in two different ways. First, they used these materials as substitutes of stationery materials. For instance, they filled the bird picture with stones and leaves instead of filling with colourful papers, beads and silver. Second use of natural materials fit better to aim of this study since pre-service teachers lead children to create authentic art products with natural materials that they provide to them. Moreover, throughout the course pre-service teachers’ self-confidence to apply nature based art activities developed.