bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Community Member Perceptions of Dollar Stores in Baltimore City, Maryland: “They are Not Progressive for the Communities”
Authors: Sundermeir Samantha M. , Santos Sydney R. , Lewis Emma C. , John Sara , Wolfson Julia A. , Poirier Lisa , Hua Shuxian , Gittelsohn Joel 
Published: November 2024

AbstractDollar stores are the fastest-growing type of food retailer in the United States, prompting policy action across the country related to their perceived negative impact on the communities they serve. However, there is little existing research that explores community member perceptions of dollar stores, which is critical to inform new, equitable policies. To address this gap in Baltimore City, Maryland, where dollar store density is high, we aimed to describe community member perceptions of dollar stores in terms of their role in the broader community. We used thematic analysis to construct themes from community member in-depth interviews (n = 16) and one community member workshop (n = 21) to understand how dollar stores are viewed in the context of the broader Baltimore City community. Six key themes were generated: (1) dollar stores contribute to neighborhood “blight,” (2) better retail is needed, (3) dollar stores meet certain community needs, (4) dollar stores do not invest enough in the community, (5) dollar stores vary in location and stock depending on race-based neighborhood qualities, and (6) product quality is low. Overall, participants acknowledged that dollar stores meet certain needs in communities in which there are few alternative retail options, but many did not view them as a benefit and desired to have other retailers instead. Participants also discussed the lack of dollar store investment in the communities they serve, and the low quality of food and non-food products offered. Future policy development should include community member perspectives to understand local context and align policies with community priorities.
Vermicular and Chunky Graphite Nucleation during Chill Casting: Study on the Dynamics of Ductile Iron Recycling
Authors: Adhiwiguna Ida B. G. S. , Plück Lars , Deike Rüdiger 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis investigation provides alternative insight into the dynamic behavior of spheroidal graphite structures throughout the remelting process during ductile cast iron recycling. Specifically, this study systematically analyzed the impact of the remelting process on graphite nucleation. Two approaches are included in this research: thermal analysis and the copper–mold chill casting method. Based on these results, different graphite structures nucleate in cast iron in response to the remelting and recasting processes, which correlate with the melting temperature, the cooling method, and the fading effect. Furthermore, it is indicated that the dissolution rate of spheroidal graphite is relatively slower than lamellar graphite, substantiated by the detection of residual graphite nodules in the case of low melting temperature applied during the remelting process. In addition, the formation of vermicular and potentially chunky graphite structures can also be observed to a certain extent during this set of investigations, thus providing further insight into their relation to the ductile cast iron production process.
Graphical Abstract
Die Zeitschrift Tumult und ihre Inszenierung des ›Selbstdenkens‹
Authors: Fischer Alexander 
Published: November 2024

Zusammenfassung
Der Beitrag beschäftigt sich mit der Geschichte der Zeitschrift Tumult. Vierteljahresschrift für Konsensstörung und ihrer von Arthur Schopenhauer und Karl Heinz Bohrer entliehenen Eigenbezeichnung als ›Selbstdenker‹. Der ›Selbstdenker‹ im Sinne eines heroischen Widerstandsnarrativs wird in der Zeitschrift als radikale Kontrastfigur zu einem vorgeblich ›gleichgeschalteten‹ gesellschaftlichen Konsens in Stellung gebracht. Vor diesem Hintergrund werden die in Tumult präsentierten literarischen Texte in Bezug auf ihre politische Programmatik exemplarisch diskutiert.
Navigating Emerging Climate Crises Through Adaptive Polycentric Meta-networks
Authors: Staub Tim , Tirmizi S. Aqeel 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Without urgent, systemic, and collective global interventions to address the emerging climate emergency, we are likely to continue to see a range of increasingly significant adverse impacts globally. Temperatures will continue to increase, ice shelves will melt, seas will rise, crops will fail, water scarcity will increase and spread, wildfires will accelerate, and food and water insecurity, violence, and the largest human migration in history will ensue. According to the Institute for Economics and Peace (IEP), these climate changes will displace over 1.2 billion people by 2050 at a rate currently exceeding 21.5 million people per year. This mass migration will create incredible burdens on political, legal, economic, agricultural, educational, and health infrastructures in future host countries, and we are globally unprepared. It is well-recognized that the solution to these crises lies in our collective awakening by embracing complexity and employing bold and holistic perspectives. However, theoretical and applied advancements that may meaningfully inform practical approaches to urgently address climate related threats remain scattered and insufficient. The purpose of our proposed paper is to advance the concept of adaptive polycentric meta-networks (APMNs) as a partial solution to collectively address climate crises. We draw upon key insights from works on polycentricity, complexity leadership, and meta-networks, to arrive at our integrative framework. We also discuss ways that the proposed framework aligns with the dynamics of collective mindfulness and practical wisdom, particularly to facilitate cross-sector and global collaborations, across cultures and spiritual practices, to achieve the climate change goals at a macro scale. We believe that our framework offers an important conceptual and practical pathway to tackle the complex dynamics of climate change, and to generate the needed collective sensemaking and awareness to awaken, engage, and align collective leadership where it is needed, at global, national, regional and local levels and across governments, NGOs, and corporate interests.
Inside the Mind of the Self-Deceiver: Foundational Issues in Relation to Human Defences and “the Unconscious”
Authors: Høgh-Olesen Henrik 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThere are many foundational questions involved in understanding our defences. Are these manoeuvres unconscious processes to which we fall prey, as psychoanalytic metapsychology suggests? Or are they the product of a conscious and motivated strategy initiated by the individual? I argue for the latter. The concept of “unconscious defence” lacks explanatory power as it initiates an endless cycle of defence mechanisms. Alternatively, focus is directed towards consciousness and the pre-reflective moment when the ego evades addressing troubling content of consciousness. Existential philosophers such as Sartre (Being and nothingness, Methuen & Co, 1943) and Fingarette (Self-deception, Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1969) are used as stepping stones in making this “Copernican” shift in perspective, and core affective processes are introduced as the organismic centre of rotation behind our defences. Core affective processes play an important role in the toning of our emotions and moods, and I argue that they also play a leading role in the activation of our defences. Finally, ethical issues raised by self-deception in psychological practice are touched upon. Should the truth always be revealed, or should psychologists occasionally engage in cost-benefit analysis?
Impact Assessment of an Educational Intervention Programme Using a Serious Game on Cyberviolence against Women and Girls
Authors: Brečko Barbara Neža , Plaskan Jure , Davidovi Giorgi 
Published: November 2024

AbstractCyberviolence among teenagers is a persistent problem addressed by several prevention programmes. In this article, we evaluate an educational intervention programme based on a serious game (CyberSafe Tool) that addresses cyberviolence against women and girls. The goal of the intervention and the serious game was to raise young people’s awareness of online violence against women and girls and to promote safe and responsible online behaviour. The intervention, conducted between 2020 and 2021, included 959 teenagers between 13 and 16 years old from Italy, Greece, Estonia and the United Kingdom. We used a survey questionnaire to conduct an impact assessment. It was administered three times – before the intervention, immediately after the intervention and three weeks after the intervention – to identify participants’ attitudinal changes. The results indicate significant positive attitude changes after the intervention that remained unchanged after the third questionnaire, which was administered three weeks after the intervention.
Additional neighborhood effects following renovation of historical heritage: an empirical investigation of the case of Himeji Castle
Authors: Iida Kazuma , Fukushige Mototsugu 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Historical buildings require periodic renovation to ensure that their historical value is preserved for future generations. In this study, we use the renovation project conducted at Himeji Castle over about 5 and a half years from 2009 as a case study to analyze the impact of the renovation on the neighboring areas. As shown by the changes in land price trends, it was found that the renovation project had the effect of accelerating the upward trend in land price during the renovation period. In some areas, however, this acceleration effect was shown to diminish after the completion of the project. Nevertheless, the short-term increase in land price during this period was found to be sustained even after the completion of the project. We consider this price increase to be a neighborhood effect created by the renovation.
Variations in Earned Income Tax Credit Allocation between the Program’s Eight Qualifying Categories
Authors: Lyons Abram J. , Wodicka Chris Y. , Delavega Elena 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC) has been an important anti-poverty program over the past five decades. Research shows that the EITC improves social and health outcomes. However, eligibility is not equitably allocated across the tax credit’s eight qualifying groups. This study examined this inequity while highlighting how it reflects and reproduces socially embedded deservedness narratives. The study investigated the federal poverty threshold (FPT) and EITC phase-out threshold data from 1994 to 2022. We assessed disparities in EITC disbursement amounts by exploring the percentage of EITC phase-out threshold relative to FPT differences between groups. The percentage showed how much a household’s income can exceed their FPT while still qualifying for the EITC. Over the study period, three of the eight EITC qualifying categories that included children were each eligible to receive an average greater than 200% (i.e., two times) their corresponding FPT while remaining EITC eligible (single one child, 229.12%; single two children, 225.77%; married one child, 215.77%). Married couples and individuals without children benefited far less, earning 118.30% and 111.38% of their FPT, respectively. The findings show that the outcome percentages dramatically vary between those with and without children. This disparity engenders a deservedness narrative, delineating who is deserving of receiving the credit. The EITC is unequally available and needs to be adjusted. Social workers should therefore advocate for policies that anchor the EITC phase-out threshold to at least 200% of the FPT for childless households, aligning it with the threshold for households with children.
Welfare Service Providers’ Narratives of Digital Literacies Among Vulnerable Youths in Norway
Authors: Seddighi Gilda , Corneliussen Hilde G. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe rapid digital transformation of society has intensified the need to develop general digital competence in the population, as it has become an essential requirement for participating in education, civil society, and the workforce. Digital competence has also become vital for benefiting from digitalized welfare services in rapidly digitalized societies such as Norway. Though the majority of citizens benefit from the increased accessibility and effectivity of the public sector as the result of digitalization, some life situations increase vulnerabilities in accessing welfare services. In this paper, we explore how the welfare service providers of youths not in education, employment, or training narrate the digital literacy of this group of youths. Drawing from an ecological and intersectional perspective on socio-digital inequalities, this paper operates under the premise that these service providers bear the responsibility of disrupting the cycle of socio-digital inequalities that youths might experience. This paper presents the results of a qualitative study conducted through seven individual and group interviews and two workshops with 20 welfare service providers. The findings shed light on how welfare service providers navigate the uncertainty surrounding the concept of digital literacy which is further challenged by the absence of guidelines—a lack that may inadvertently lead to new forms of exclusion and invisibility among youths.
Transit passenger-oriented optimisation of arrival aircraft sequencing
Authors: Demirel S. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis study presents a model that aims to optimise the sequencing arrival aircraft around the terminal manoeuvring area (TMA). The model considers the transit passenger counts of these aircraft and employs the point merge at Sabiha Gokcen Airport. In this study, aircraft were categorised into two groups, namely ‘High or Low Transit Passenger (HTP/LTP)’. Subsequently, multi-objective models were employed to solve the test problems. Weighted sum scalarisation (WSS), conic scalarization (CS), and epsilon constraint (EC) models were utilised to increase robustness and their results were compared with a single-objective optimisation model. This approach aims to provide decision-makers with a variety of outcomes, thus expanding their options. Simultaneously, efforts are made within the model to allow aircraft with HTP counts to have minimal delays. Additionally, emission calculations were conducted to offer a critical perspective on the environmental implications, and the delay results of the multi-objective optimisation (MOO) models underwent statistical analysis.
Understanding kitten fostering and socialisation practices using mixed methods
Authors: Graham Courtney , Koralesky Katherine E , Pearl David L , Niel Lee 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Many companion kittens entering shelters are fostered by volunteer community members during the sensitive period for socialisation (~2 to 9 weeks of age) when early experiences are critical to behavioural development. Using a mixed-method survey, we explored current fostering practices relevant to kitten behavioural development and welfare. Foster caretaker participants (n = 487) described their fostering practices and reported providing kittens with a majority of recommended socialisation experiences, such as handling and exposure to various toys and exploratory items. In open-ended text responses, foster caretakers described how they adapted socialisation practices for fearful kittens and the supports and challenges they perceived to impact their ability to properly socialise kittens. Some non-recommended techniques (e.g. flooding) were reported for socialising fearful kittens, with a decreased odds of reporting non-recommended techniques for participants with a higher level of agreeableness personality trait and an increased odds of reporting if fostering practices had been impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. Foster caretakers reported feeling supported through shelter-supplied resources, personal knowledge, external support, and having access to socialisation opportunities; however, faced personal (e.g. time constraints), shelter-specific (e.g. lack of shelter support), and kitten-specific challenges (e.g. kitten illness). This study highlights the perspectives of foster caretakers as related to optimal socialisation, behavioural development, and welfare. To identify opportunities for improvement it is important to investigate the socialisation guidelines provided to foster caretakers, with the ultimate goal of enhancing kitten behavioural development for improved welfare, long-term adoption, and caretaker satisfaction.
The construction of a measure of behavioural complexity as a potential individual-based welfare indicator and its theoretical validation
Authors: Raudies Christina , Gygax Lorenz 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Behavioural complexity is likely to reflect how animals cope with their environment. A large behavioural repertoire and the ability to flexibly apply these behaviours provide an individual with a greater likelihood of adapting to its (captive) environment. Here, we developed a procedure to aggregate different behavioural measures into a condensed measure of behavioural complexity based on 14 features, which were previously proposed (e.g. number of behaviours, Shannon diversity index) as well as some new features of behavioural complexity (e.g. variances of within and between transition durations). To test the measure, artificial behavioural sequences with potentially varying complexity were created using an individual-based modelling approach. With a Principal Component Analysis, the features extracted from these sequences could be reduced to two components (‘general complexity’ and ‘state variability’) explaining 59.64 and 27.68% of the total variance, respectively. The effect of the aspects of the artificial behavioural sequences on ‘general complexity’ and ‘transitions variability’ were analysed using linear mixed-effects models. The number of behavioural categories and the proportion of short behavioural states had the largest effect on the components. Both components were increasing with a greater number of behavioural categories, whereas the proportion of short behavioural states the opposite effect on the components. We also tested the approach on real data-sets. The principle components were not identical to the ones from the simulation. Yet, we found consistencies and similarities in the loadings. The approach for an aggregated measure of behavioural complexity developed here could form the basis of an individual-based animal welfare indicator for intensively kept animals.
Lead-In Parenteral Anticoagulation Prior to Direct Oral Anticoagulation for Cerebral Venous Thrombosis
Authors: Field Thalia S. , Shu Liqi , Kim Diana J. , Klein Piers , Siegler James E. , Cushman Mary , Zhou Lily W. , Nguyen Thanh N. , Yaghi Shadi 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Growing evidence suggests that direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) may be suitable for cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT). The optimal strategy regarding lead-in parenteral anticoagulation (PA) prior to DOAC is unknown.

Methods:
In this post hoc analysis of the retrospective ACTION-CVT study, we compared patients treated with DOACs as part of routine care: those given “very early” DOAC (no PA), “early” (<5 days PA) and “delayed” (5–21 days PA). We compared baseline characteristics and outcomes between the very early/early and delayed groups. The primary outcome was a composite of day-30 CVT recurrence/extension, new peripheral venous thromboembolism, cerebral edema and intracranial hemorrhage.

Results:
Of 231 patients, 11.7% had very early DOAC, 64.5% early (median [IQR] 2 [1–2] days) and 23.8% delayed (5 [5–6] days). More patients had severe clinical/radiological presentations in the delayed group; more patients had isolated headaches in the very early/early group. Outcomes were better in the very early/early groups (90-day modified Rankin Scale of 0–2; 94.3% vs. 83.9%). Primary outcome events were rare and did not differ significantly between groups (2.4% vs. 2.1% delayed; adjusted HR 1.49 [95%CI 0.17–13.11]).

Conclusions:
In this cohort of patients receiving DOAC for CVT as part of routine care, >75% had <5 days of PA. Those with very early/early initiation of DOAC had less severe clinical presentations. Low event rates and baseline differences between groups preclude conclusions about safety or effectiveness. Further prospective data will inform care.
Post-Stroke Spasticity Treatment: A Retrospective Cohort Study From Alberta, Canada
Authors: Satkunam Lalith , Dukelow Sean P. , Yu Jaime C. , McNeil Stephen , Luu Huong , Martins Karen J.B. , Vu Khanh , Nguyen Phuong Uyen , Richer Lawrence , Williamson Tyler , Klarenbach Scott W. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Understanding post-stroke spasticity (PSS) treatment in everyday clinical practice may guide improvements in patient care.

Methods:
This was a retrospective cohort study that used population-level administrative data. Adults (aged ≥18 years) who initiated PSS treatment (defined by the first PSS clinic visit, focal botulinum toxin injection, or anti-spasticity medication dispensation [baclofen, dantrolene and tizanidine] with none of these treatments occurring during the 2 years before the stroke) were identified between 2012 and 2019 in Alberta, Canada. Spasticity treatment use, time to treatment start and type of prescribing/treating physician were measured. Descriptive statistics were performed.

Results:
Within the cohort (n = 1,079), the most common PSS treatment was oral baclofen (initial treatment: 60.9%; received on/after the initial treatment date up to March 31, 2020: 69.0%), largely prescribed by primary care physicians (77.6%) and started a median of 348 (IQR 741) days after the stroke. Focal botulinum toxin (23.3%; 37.7%) was largely prescribed by physiatrists (72.2%) and started 311 (IQR 446) days after the stroke; spasticity clinic visits (18.6%; 23.8%) were also common.

Conclusions:
We found evidence of gaps in provision of spasticity management in persons with PSS including overuse of systemic oral baclofen (that has common adverse side effects and lacks evidence of effectiveness in PSS) and potential underuse of focal botulinum toxin injections. Further investigation and strategies should be pursued to improve alignment of PSS treatment with guideline recommendations that in turn will support better outcomes for those with PSS.