bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quelle articulation entre éthique et spiritualité au cœur de la clinique ?
Authors: Jacquemin Dominique 
Published: September 2018

L’invocation « du spirituel » est à la une dans la littérature contemporaine, celle touchant au « bien-être », le roman et, plus sérieusement, les publications médicales. Or, face à cet engouement, comment comprendre la difficulté d’honorer cette dimension dans certains processus de décision ? S’appuyant sur la clinique confrontée aux législations de fin de vie et constatant le risque d’une réduction de l’éthique à la mise en œuvre de protocoles ou à la seule normativité juridique, les auteurs plaident pour que la spiritualité reste une condition de la rationalité, la spiritualité étant envisagée ici comme attention au mouvement d’existence de l’humain.
Acteurs non étatiques et relations internationales au xix e siècle : le cas du Comité d’Ostende (1866-1870)
Authors: Chevalier Christophe 
Published: September 2018

En août 1866, les dirigeants des partis progressistes et démocrates espagnols en exil se réunissent à Ostende et y forment un comité, qui a pour mission de renverser l’ordre des choses existant en Espagne et de constituer un gouvernement provisoire. Alors que se trame sur le sol belge une véritable conspiration contre le gouvernement espagnol, les autorités belges s’illustrent par leur politique du laissez-faire qui, fatalement, leur est reprochée à Madrid. Le Comité d’Ostende joue dès lors un rôle de premier plan dans les relations belgo-espagnoles entre 1866 et 1870, mais son étude apporte également un nouvel éclairage sur les relations internationales au xix e siècle, démontrant notamment l’importance des acteurs non étatiques et leur influence au sein du système international.
WIRA-C: a compact 142-GHz-radiometer for continuous middle-atmospheric wind measurements
Authors: Hagen Jonas , Murk Axel , Rüfenacht Rolf , Khaykin Sergey , Hauchecorne Alain , Kämpfer Niklaus 
Published: September 2018

Abstract. Ground-based microwave wind radiometry provides a method to measure horizontal wind speeds at altitudes between 35 and 75 km as has been shown by various previous studies. No other method is capable of continuously delivering wind measurements in this altitude region. As opposed to lidar systems, microwave radiometers operate autonomously and independent of daylight and clouds.In this paper, we present the WIRA-C (Wind Radiometer for Campaigns) instrument that observes the 142.17504 GHz rotational transition line of ozone with a high spectral resolution using a low noise single side band heterodyne receiver. Because the emitting molecules are drifting with the wind, the line is Doppler shifted. Together with the pressure broadening effect, this allows the retrieval of altitude resolved wind profiles.The novel WIRA-C instrument represents the newest development in microwave wind radiometry and implements many improvements over its predecessor, the WIRA instrument. The main improvements include the compact structure, lower noise and an advanced retrieval setup. This paper describes the instrument and the data processing with a focus on the retrieval that takes into account a three-dimensional atmosphere and has never been used in ground-based radiometry before. The retrieval yields profiles of horizontal wind speeds with a 12 h time resolution and a vertical resolution of 10 km for zonal and 10 to 15 km for meridional wind speeds. We give an error estimate that accounts for the thermal noise on the measured spectra and additionally estimate systematic errors using Monte Carlo methods.WIRA-C has been continuously measuring horizontal wind speeds for 1 year at the Maïdo observatory on Réunion (21.4° S, 55.9° E). We present the time series of this campaign and compare our measurements to model data from the European Centre for Medium-range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) and coincident measurements of the co-located Rayleigh–Mie Doppler wind lidar. We find a good agreement between our measurements and the ECMWF operational analysis for the time series, where many features are present in both datasets. The wind profiles of the coincident WIRA-C and lidar observations are consistent and agree within their respective uncertainties for the lidar measurements with long integration times.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Environmental Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. 7 No. 3
Authors: Young Jenny 
Published: September 2018

Environmental Management and Sustainable Development (EMSD) would like to thank the following reviewers for reviewing manuscripts from May 1, 2018, to August 1, 2018. Their comments and suggestions were of great help to the authors in improving the quality of their papers. Many authors, regardless of whether EMSD publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Macrothink Institute appreciates the following reviewers’ rigorous and conscientious efforts for this journal. Each of the reviewers listed below returned at least one review during this period. Adriano MaglioccoAmirnezam BaratiAristotulus Ernst TungkaChristiane do Nascimento MonteD. BhagawanDastun Gabriel MsuyaDilek Kaya-AkyüzlüFarhaoui MohamedFarooq SherGabriel Ling Hoh TeckGiulana QuattroneHayssam Mohamed AliManuel Mendoza-CarranzaMona M. Amin Abdel-FatahNikolay MinkovPankaj MaheshwariSadegh Poozesh
New Compact Wideband Microstrip Antenna for Wireless Applications
Authors: Shandal S. , Mezaal Y. S. , Kadim M. , Mosleh M. 
Published: September 2018

In this paper, a miniature rectangular microstrip antenna over partial ground plane is presented by utilizing a space-filling property of fractal geometry in this design. It is simulated by High Frequency Software Simulator (HFSS) software, fabricated and tested by Vector Network Analyzer (VNA).Two types of slots are introduced in order to enhance antenna parameters such as bandwidth and return loss S1.1. This antenna is fabricated on FR4 substrate with a small size of (18 x 16 x 1.5) mm3, 1.5mm substrate thickness, 4.3 permittivity and 0.02 loss tangent. To feed this antenna, microstrip line feed is used. This antenna is implemented for wide bandwidth (4.8-11.6) GHz, and has three resonant frequencies at 5.5GHz, 8.3GHz and 10.7GHz with impedance bandwidth of 6.8GHz. The gap value g between partial ground plane and rectangular patch at top layer is optimized in order to achieve optimal simulated return loss S1.1 is (-46,-32,-14) dB at three resonant frequencies (5.5, 8.3, 10.7) GHz and optimal radiation efficiency of 93.42% with gain of 3.63dB. The simulated results have tolerable agreement with measured results. This antenna is suitable for wireless computer applications within C and X band communications.
Evaluation of the truebeam machine performance check (MPC): OBI X‐ray tube alignment procedure
Authors: Barnes Michael P. , Pomare Dennis , Menk Frederick W. , Moraro Buiron , Greer Peter B. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractAlignment of the On‐Board Imager (OBI) X‐ray tube is important for ensuring imaging to treatment isocenter coincidence, which in turn is important for accurate Image Guided Radiotherapy (IGRT). Varian introduced a new X‐ray tube alignment procedure for the TrueBeam linac in software version 2.5 MR2 as part of the machine performance check (MPC) application. This study evaluated the new procedure against conventional methods and examined the clinical significance of X‐ray tube misalignment. Long term stability and short term repeatability of MPC tube alignment was assessed as well as sensitivity of the method to setup error. Standard quality assurance tests expected to be sensitive to tube misalignment were performed before and after tube alignment. These tests included: IsoCal verification; MPC kV imager offset; Winston‐Lutz: kV imaging to treatment/radiation isocenter coincidence; CBCT image QA using the Catphan phantom; and OBI image geometric accuracy and center pixel alignment. Tube alignment measurements were performed with MPC, the two‐plate method, and wire‐on‐faceplate method. The X‐ray tube was then realigned by approximately 1.01 mm in the tangential plane based upon MPC and the tube alignment and standard quality assurance measurements were repeated. The time taken for each tube alignment method was estimated. The MPC method of tube alignment was found to be repeatable, insignificantly sensitive to phantom setup error and quick and simple to perform. The standard QA tests were generally insensitive to the tube alignment change, possibly because of the IsoCal correction. However, reduction in the magnitude of IsoCal correction and MPC kV imager offset was recorded after tube alignment. There was also apparent improvement in CBCT image uniformity. The MPC procedure is recommended for X‐ray tube alignment.
Effect and safety of combination lipid‐lowering therapies based on statin treatment versus statin monotherapies on patients with high risk of cardiovascular events
Authors: Wang Chunli , Wang Fei , Cao Qing , Li Zhen , Huang Liya , Chen Shuyan 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThis study aimed to compare the effect and safety of statin monotherapies and combination therapies on lipid‐lowing therapies. We searched for published randomized controlled trial (RCT) reports of statin monotherapies and combination therapies in patients with high risk of cardiovascular events, and extracted lipid levels to perform meta‐analysis. A total of 12 RCT reports were included in this study. According to the new guidelines (low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDL‐C] < 100 mg/dL, high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL‐C] > 130 mg/dL), the percent of LDL‐C attaining goals in combination therapy is more than that of monotherapy (risk ratio [RR] = 1.43, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.13 to 1.82, P = 0.003), and the percent of LDL‐C and HDL‐C attaining goals in combination therapy is greater than that of monotherapy (RR = 1.43, 95% CI: 1.24 to 1.65, P = 0.000). The changing level of blood lipid had significant statistical difference between the two groups. The degree of blood lipid lowered by combination therapy was larger than in monotherapy (standard mean difference [SMD] = −0.45, 95% CI: −0.75 to −0.14, P = 0.004; SMD = −0.72, 95% CI: 0.04 to 1.39, P = 0.039; and SMD = −0.71, 95% CI: −1.12 to −0.3, P = 0.001 in LDL‐C, HDL‐C, and triglyceride, respectively). The incidence of adverse events was not significantly different between the two groups (RR = 1.15, 95% CI: 0.91 to 1.37, P = 0.096; RR = 1.5, 95% CI: 0.55 to 4.1, P = 0.427; RR = 0.63, 95% CI: 0.33 to 1.24, P = 0.181 in incidence of total adverse events, drug‐related treatment, and myalgia, respectively). Combination therapy can bring better effect in reducing lipid. It does not increase the incidence of adverse events, so it can be used widely and safely.
Melatonin and age‐related cardiovascular diseases
Authors: Zhong Jiayu , Liu Youshuo 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe pineal gland is a neuroendocrine gland closely related to human aging. Melatonin is a kind of indole neuroendocrine hormone secreted by the pineal gland, which is essential for maintaining physiological function. Many researches found that melatonin plays a key role in anti‐aging‐related cardiovascular diseases. In this paper, the latest advances in the study of melatonin and aging‐related cardiovascular diseases are reviewed, and their related physiological functions and mechanisms are discussed.
Neurotoxicity after CTL019 in a pediatric and young adult cohort
Authors: Gofshteyn Jacqueline S. , Shaw Pamela A. , Teachey David T. , Grupp Stephan A. , Maude Shannon , Banwell Brenda , Chen Fang , Lacey Simon F. , Melenhorst Jan J. , Edmonson MacKenzie J. , Panzer Jessica , Barrett David M. , McGuire Jennifer L. 
Published: September 2018

ObjectiveTo characterize the incidence and clinical characteristics of neurotoxicity in the month following CTL019 infusion in children and young adults, to define the relationship between neurotoxicity and cytokine release syndrome (CRS), and to identify predictive biomarkers for development of neurotoxicity following CTL019 infusion.MethodsWe analyzed data on 51 subjects, 4 to 22 years old, who received CTL019, a chimeric antigen receptor–modified T‐cell therapy against CD19, between January 1, 2010 and December 1, 2015 through a safety/feasibility clinical trial (NCT01626495) at our institution. We recorded incidence of significant neurotoxicity (encephalopathy, seizures, and focal deficits) and CRS, and compared serum cytokine levels in the first month postinfusion between subjects who did and did not develop neurotoxicity.ResultsNeurotoxicity occurred in 23 of 51 subjects (45%, 95% confidence interval = 31–60%) and was positively associated with higher CRS grade (p < 0.0001) but was not associated with demographic characteristics or prior oncologic treatment history. Serum interleukin (IL)‐2, IL‐15, soluble IL‐4, and hepatocyte growth factor concentrations were higher in subjects with neurotoxicity than those with isolated CRS. Differences in peak levels of select cytokines including IL‐12 and soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor‐1 within the first 3 days were seen in subjects with neurotoxicity.InterpretationNeurotoxicity is common after CTL019 infusion in children and young adults, and is associated with higher CRS grade. Differences in serum cytokine profiles between subjects with neurotoxicity and those with isolated CRS suggest unique pathophysiological mechanisms. Serum cytokine profiles in the first 3 days postinfusion may help identify children and young adults at risk for neurotoxicity, and may provide a foundation for investigation into potential mitigation strategies. Ann Neurol 2018;84:537–546
Low‐voltage fast seizures in humans begin with increased interneuron firing
Authors: Elahian Bahareh , Lado Nathan E. , Mankin Emily , Vangala Sitaram , Misra Amrit , Moxon Karen , Fried Itzhak , Sharan Ashwini , Yeasin Mohammed , Staba Richard , Bragin Anatol , Avoli Massimo , Sperling Michael R. , Engel Jerome , Weiss Shennan A. 
Published: September 2018

ObjectiveIntracellular recordings from cells in entorhinal cortex tissue slices show that low‐voltage fast (LVF) onset seizures are generated by inhibitory events. Here, we determined whether increased firing of interneurons occurs at the onset of spontaneous mesial–temporal LVF seizures recorded in patients.MethodsThe seizure onset zone (SOZ) was identified using visual inspection of the intracranial electroencephalogram. We used wavelet clustering and temporal autocorrelations to characterize changes in single‐unit activity during the onset of LVF seizures recorded from microelectrodes in mesial–temporal structures. Action potentials generated by principal neurons and interneurons (ie, putative excitatory and inhibitory neurons) were distinguished using waveform morphology and K‐means clustering.ResultsFrom a total of 200 implanted microelectrodes in 9 patients during 13 seizures, we isolated 202 single units; 140 (69.3%) of these units were located in the SOZ, and 40 (28.57%) of them were classified as inhibitory. The waveforms of both excitatory and inhibitory units remained stable during the LVF epoch (p > > 0.05). In the mesial–temporal SOZ, inhibitory interneurons increased their firing rate during LVF seizure onset (p < 0.01). Excitatory neuron firing rates peaked 10 seconds after the inhibitory neurons (p < 0.01). During LVF spread to the contralateral mesial temporal lobe, an increase in inhibitory neuron firing rate was also observed (p < 0.01).InterpretationOur results suggest that seizure generation and spread during spontaneous mesial–temporal LVF onset events in humans may result from increased inhibitory neuron firing that spawns a subsequent increase in excitatory neuron firing and seizure evolution. Ann Neurol 2018;84:588–600
Facioscapulohumeral Dystrophy in Childhood: A Nationwide Natural History Study
Authors: Goselink Rianne J.M. , Schreuder Tim H.A. , van Alfen Nens , de Groot Imelda J.M. , Jansen Merel , Lemmers Richard J.L.F. , van der Vliet Patrick J. , van der Stoep Nienke , Theelen Thomas , Voermans Nicol C. , van der Maarel Silvère M. , van Engelen Baziel G.M. , Erasmus Corrie E. 
Published: September 2018

ObjectiveFacioscapulohumeral dystrophy (FSHD) is one of the most frequent heritable muscular dystrophies, with a large variety in age at onset and disease severity. The natural history and molecular characteristics of FSHD in childhood are incompletely understood. Our objective is to clinically and genetically characterize FSHD in childhood.MethodsWe performed a nationwide, single‐investigator, natural history study on FSHD in childhood.ResultsMultiple‐source recruitment resulted in 32 patients with FSHD (0–17 years), leading to an estimated prevalence of 1 in 100,000 children in The Netherlands. This series of 32 children with FSHD revealed a heterogeneous phenotype and genotype in childhood. The phenotypic hallmarks of FSHD in childhood are: facial weakness with normal or only mildly affected motor performance, decreased functional exercise capacity (6‐minute walk test), lumbar hyperlordosis, and increased echo intensity on muscle ultrasonography. In addition, pain and fatigue were frequent and patients experienced a lower quality of life compared to healthy peers. In contrast to the literature on early‐onset FSHD, systemic features such as hearing loss and retinal and cardiac abnormalities were infrequent and subclinical, and epilepsy and intellectual disability were absent. Genotypically, patients had a mean D4Z4 repeat array of 5 units (range, 2–9), and 14% of the mutations were de novo.InterpretationFSHD in childhood is more prevalent than previously known and the genotype resembles classic FSHD. Importantly, FSHD mainly affects functional exercise capacity and quality of life in children. As such, these results are paramount for counseling, clinical management, and stratification in clinical research. Ann Neurol 2018;84:635–645
Zirconium‐assistierte Aktivierung von Palladium zur Steigerung der Produktion von Synthesegas in der Trockenreformierung von Methan
Authors: Köpfle Norbert , Götsch Thomas , Grünbacher Matthias , Carbonio Emilia A. , Hävecker Michael , Knop‐Gericke Axel , Schlicker Lukas , Doran Andrew , Kober Delf , Gurlo Aleksander , Penner Simon , Klötzer Bernhard 
Published: September 2018

AbstractKohlenstoff‐gesättigte Pd0‐Nanopartikel mit ausgedehnter Phasengrenze zu ZrO2 bilden sich unter CH4‐Trockenreformierbedingungen aus einem intermetallischen Pd0Zr0‐Präkatalysator. Der resultierende, hochaktive Katalysatorzustand arbeitet bifunktionell: CO2 wird an oxidischen Phasengrenzplätzen effizient aktiviert, und PdxC gewährleistet die rasche Versorgung der Phasengrenze mit reaktiven C‐Atomen.
Active Sites on Nickel‐Promoted Transition‐Metal Sulfides That Catalyze Hydrogenation of Aromatic Compounds
Authors: Luo Wanqiu , Shi Hui , Schachtl Eva , Gutiérrez Oliver Y. , Lercher Johannes A. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractHydrogenation on Mo and W sulfides occurs at the edges of the sulfide slabs. The rate of hydrogen addition is directly proportional to the concentration of sulfhydryl (SH) groups at the slab edge and the metal atom attached to it. Sulfhydryl groups vicinal to edge‐incorporated Ni hydrogenate with much higher rates than SH close to Mo and W. Each subset of SH groups, however, exhibits nearly identical intrinsic activity and selectivity, independent of the sulfide composition. The higher activity of Ni‐WS2 compared to Ni‐MoS2 stems from a higher concentration of SH groups on the former sulfide associated with a higher tendency of its surface vacancies to react with H2.
Antibody–Drug Conjugates with Pyrrole‐Based KSP Inhibitors as the Payload Class
Authors: Lerchen Hans‐Georg , Wittrock Sven , Stelte‐Ludwig Beatrix , Sommer Anette , Berndt Sandra , Griebenow Nils , Rebstock Anne‐Sophie , Johannes Sarah , Cancho‐Grande Yolanda , Mahlert Christoph , Greven Simone , Terjung Carsten 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe number of cytotoxic payload classes successfully employed in antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs) is still rather limited. The identification of ADC payloads with a novel mode of action will increase therapeutic options and potentially increase the therapeutic window. Herein, we describe the utilization of kinesin spindle protein inhibitors (KSPi) as a novel payload class providing highly potent ADCs against different targets, for instance HER‐2 or TWEAKR/Fn14. Aspects of technical optimization include the development of different linker attachment sites, the stabilization of ADC linkage to avoid payload deconjugation and finally, the tailor‐made design of active metabolites with a long lasting intracellular exposure in the tumor matching the mode of action of KSP inhibition. These KSPi‐ADCs are highly potent and selective in vitro and demonstrate in vivo efficacy in a broad panel of tumor models including complete regressions in a patient‐derived urothelial cancer model.
Human Brain Project: Ethics Management statt Prozeduralisierung von Reflexivität?
Authors: Maasen Sabine 
Published: September 2018

AbstractHuman Brain Project: Ethics Management or Proceduralization of Reflexivity? Everywhere, the reflexivity and responsibility of research and innovation is called for – the neurosciences being no exception. Undesirable side effects of scientific‐technical developments should be recognized early on and opportunities for participation by non‐scientific actors should be made available. In addition to the well‐known reflective programs such as Technology Assessment, Public Understanding of Science, Ethical Legal and Social Implications (ELSI) of Science, Science Communication and Citizen Science, a new program is emerging: Responsible Research and Innovation (RRI). With the dimensions of anticipation, reflexivity, inclusiveness and responsiveness advocated here, social accountability of research has just been expanded again: factually (applying to the scientific practice of all domains), temporally (becoming more and more permanent) and socially (involving more and more actors). The following study will first reconstruct the current prominence of RRI as the dynamics of a changing relationship between science and society, then explore into the claim and reality of RRI as documented in publicly available material. The observation: While RRI at the level of its program aims at legitimacy through democratization of knowledge production, the organization of RRI demonstrates highly orchestrated bureaucratic arrangements and procedures. In the case of the Human Brain Project, it thus becomes clear that and how RRI is being put to the service of supporting neuroinformatic big science through targeted reductions: it is mainly framed as ‘ethics management’ and hardly integrated into research practice or even public discourse.