bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Funny in the Bones: The Neural Interrelation of Humor, Irony, and Metaphor as Evolved Mental States
Authors: Hellberg Dustin 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
This article relates the structural and neural similarities of the sets of humor, irony, and metaphor (HIM sets) as heuristics that span self and self–other cognitive functions as they relate to theory of mind (ToM). These phenomena share common neural pathways in the medial prefrontal cortex, frontal gyrus, and tempero-parietal junction and they also share a similar operative pattern relating to relational incongruity embodied in temporal mental experience based on the human mind's embodied self–other intentional projection capacity. They also function as socio-cooperative interactions between individuals (egocentric) and groups (allocentric). That these share a similar structure, neural function, and social function seems to warrant the hypothesis that they are related to earlier evolutionary functions.
‘I Have a Crush on Your Skeleton’: Ecophobia, the Blues, and Captain Beefheart's Lewd(ic) Ecology
Authors: Guimarães João Paulo 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
In this article, I show that, tactfully aware of the artificiality of the gender norms that inform the logic of desire and devilish violence of the blues, Captain Beefheart makes purposed use of that genre's simplistic sexual framework as a means to negate masculinist and anthropocentric discourses of control and explore the more demonic territory of nature “in-itself.” Unlike the Lovecraftian heroes that traditionally investigate “inhuman” environments, Beefheart does not recoil in terror before their darkness, performing, rather, a masochistically ludic exploration of the human-nature gap, the reconsideration of which remains an ecological imperative.
Measurement matters: higher waist-to-hip ratio but not body mass index is associated with deficits in executive functions and episodic memory
Authors: Hartanto Andree , Yong Jose C. 
Published: September 2018

Background
The current study aimed to reconcile the inconsistent findings between obesity, executive functions, and episodic memory by addressing major limitations of previous studies, including overreliance on body mass index (BMI), small sample sizes, and failure to control for confounds.

Methods
Participants consisted of 3,712 midlife adults from the Cognitive Project of the National Survey of Midlife Development. Executive functions and episodic memory were measured by a battery of cognitive function tests.

Results
We found that higher waist-to-hip ratio was associated with deficits in both executive functions and episodic memory, above and beyond the influence of demographics, comorbid health issues, health behaviors, personality traits, and self-perceived obesity. However, higher BMI was not associated with deficits in executive functions and episodic memory. More importantly, these differential associations were robust and stable across adulthood.

Discussion
Our findings confirm the association between obesity and episodic memory while highlighting the need for better measures of obesity when examining its associations with individual differences in cognitive functions.
СОВРЕМЕННАЯ МИРОВАЯ ВАЛЮТНАЯ СИСТЕМА И ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ ЕЕ РАЗВИТИЯ, "Общество и экономика"
Authors: Кондратов Дмитрий 
Published: September 2018

Проблема доллара как резервной валюты не стала бы столь злободневной в последние годы, если бы не ее непосредственная связь с усилением международных платежных дисбалансов - ростом дефицита платежного баланса США, с одной стороны, и увеличением положительного сальдо балансов многих других стран, особенно стран Азии и стран - экспортеров нефти, - с другой. Устойчивость такой ситуации целиком определяется готовностью центральных банков, в частности азиатских, накапливать свои резервы в форме активов США и тем самым финансировать дефицит платежного баланса этой страны. Экономические кризисы, спровоцированные нестабильностью финансовой системы США, еще больше обострили проблемы долларового господства и поставили под вопрос устойчивость лидирующих позиций доллара. В данной статье рассматриваются возможные пути и механизмы перестройки мировой валютной системы на мультивалютный стандарт, а также перспективы доллара США как резервной валюты.
ИМПОРТОЗАМЕЩЕНИЕ НЕ МОЖЕТ БЫТЬ ДОЛГОСРОЧНОЙ СТРАТЕГИЕЙ, "Общество и экономика"
Authors: Хейфец Борис , Чернова Вероника 
Published: September 2018

В статье рассматриваются причины активизации политики импортозамещения, ее первые результаты в виде снижения импортной зависимости по ряду товаров. Особое внимание уделяется реализации политики импортозамещения в сельском хозяйстве и пищевой промышленности. Выявлено определяющее воздействие реального эффективного курса рубля на динамику импорта и экспорта товаров с высокой степенью переработки при отсутствии такой зависимости для сырьевых товаров.
РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ МОНИТОРИНГА ЗАТРАТ НА ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ И РАЗРАБОТКИ РОССИЙСКИХ КОМПАНИЙ-УЧАСТНИКОВ РЕЙТИНГА РБК 500, "Общество и экономика"
Authors: Вершинин Иван , Корнилов Алексей , Байков Сергей 
Published: September 2018

В статье представлены результаты мониторинга затрат на ИиР крупнейших российских компаний-участников рейтинга РБК 500. В ходе мониторинга проанализированы данные бухгалтерской (финансовой отчётности) этих компаний за 2013-2016 гг., динамика затрат на ИиР за указанный период и их распределение по секторам экономики. Рассмотрены изменения в динамике затрат на ИиР внутри секторов экономики, выявлены тенденции в сфере ИиР крупнейших российских компаний.
ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЕ НАСЕЛЕНИЯ АРКТИЧЕСКИХ И СЕВЕРНЫХ РАЙОНОВ СОЦИАЛЬНО ЗНАЧИМЫМИ ПРОДОВОЛЬСТВЕННЫМИ ТОВАРАМИ, "Общество и экономика"
Authors: Делахова Анна 
Published: September 2018

В статье освещаются проблемы обеспечения населения труднодоступных северных и арктических районов Республики Саха (Якутия) основными жизненно важными товара- ми с учетом климатических условий проживания. Основное внимание уделяется системе завоза этих грузов в арктические и северные районы Республики Саха (Якутия). Проведен анализ стоимости поставок основного ассортимента социально значимых продовольственных товаров по направлениям поставок и видам доставляющего транспорта, объемы завезенных грузов сопоставляются с необходимым российским нормативом потребления продовольственных товаров на душу населения. Предлагаются меры по совершенствованию существующей системы завоза грузов.
In Vivo Early Tumor Detection and Diagnosis by Infrared Luminescence Transient Nanothermometry
Authors: Santos Harrisson D. A. , Ximendes Erving C. , Iglesias‐de la Cruz Maria del Carmen , Chaves‐Coira Irene , del Rosal Blanca , Jacinto Carlos , Monge Luis , Rubia‐Rodríguez Irene , Ortega Daniel , Mateos Sergio , GarcíaSolé José , Jaque Daniel , Fernández Nuria 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe development of technologies capable of early tumor detection is unquestionably demanded by physicians, as early diagnosis is key to achieve more efficient and less invasive treatments with improved outcomes. At the preclinical level, nanotechnology has already provided innovative solutions for tumor imaging and therapy, but it has failed to provide real early tumor diagnosis. In this work, an infrared nanothermometry‐based approach toward early melanoma detection, based on the changes produced in the thermal relaxation dynamics of tissues as the tumor develops, is introduced. In vivo experiments demonstrate that detection of incipient tumors from their very onset is possible through monitoring changes in their thermal relaxation dynamics using Ag2S infrared luminescent nanothermometers. For a total tumor development time of 14 days, luminescence nanothermometry allows tumor detection 6 days before its presence is evident by visual inspection. Simultaneous study of the tumoral vasculature reveals that the premature variation in the thermal relaxation dynamics is a consequence of the interplay between tumor angiogenesis and necrosis during the different tumor development stages.
Electroconductive Biohybrid Hydrogel for Enhanced Maturation and Beating Properties of Engineered Cardiac Tissues
Authors: Roshanbinfar Kaveh , Vogt Lena , Greber Boris , Diecke Sebastian , Boccaccini Aldo R. , Scheibel Thomas , Engel Felix B. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractCardiac tissue engineering is a promising strategy to treat heart failure. Yet, several issues remain to be resolved including the prevention of arrhythmia caused by inefficient electrical coupling within the graft and between graft and host tissue. Here, a biohybrid hydrogel composed of collagen, alginate, and electroconductive poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) is developed that exhibits extracellular matrix–mimetic fibrous structures and enhanced electrical coupling as well and cardiomyocyte maturation. Presence of PEDOT:PSS in the hydrogel improves electrical conductivity and prevents arrhythmia of tissue constructs containing neonatal rat cardiomyocytes. Moreover, it results in increasing beating frequencies reaching more than 200 beats min−1 endogenous frequencies. In addition, cardiomyocytes exhibit increased alignment and density in these constructs, improved sarcomere organization, and enhanced connexin 43 expression, suggesting maturation of the cardiac tissue. Importantly, the here developed electroconductive biohybrid hydrogels also improve maturation and beating properties of human‐induced pluripotent stem cell–derived cardiomyocytes. These cells exhibit 1.9 µm near adult sarcomeric length, enhanced beating frequency, increased speed of contraction, and larger contraction amplitude. Collectively, the data demonstrate the potential of this electroconductive biohybrid hydrogel to improve tissue engineering approaches to treat heart failure and possibly diseases of other electrically sensitive tissues.
Highly Efficient, Biochar‐Derived Molybdenum Carbide Hydrogen Evolution Electrocatalyst
Authors: Humagain Govinda , MacDougal Kevin , MacInnis Judy , Lowe James M. , Coridan Robert H. , MacQuarrie Stephanie , Dasog Mita 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe establishment of an economic means of hydrogen production by electrochemical water‐splitting can help alleviate the intermittency problem associated with renewable energy sources such as solar and wind, and also provide for the extensive commercialization of fuel cell technologies. To enable this, cheap, active, and stable hydrogen evolution catalysts that can replace precious metal catalysts such as Pt must be developed. Herein, a scalable synthesis of porous Mo2C nanostructures derived from biochar, an inexpensive plant byproduct, is reported. The Mo2C catalyst materials prepared using this solid‐state method, loaded on planar substrates, require overpotentials of only 35 and 60 mV to drive current densities of −10 and −100 mA cm−2 in 0.50 m H2SO4 solution and exhibit stable operation for >100 h at operating current densities of −10 and −100 mA cm−2.
Sonographic findings in acute puerperal endometritis
Authors: Rule Catherine , Ashley Linda , Bergin Colleen 
Published: September 2018

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the reliability of the sonographic subserosal hypoechoic rim sign and endomyometrial junction indistinctness in distinguishing patients with acute puerperal endometritis from other common postpartum complications, particularly those with retained products of conception.MethodsRadiographic coding identified all patients presenting to Auckland City Hospital over a 12‐month period between 1 March 2016 and 28 February 2017 who had pelvic ultrasound scans to assess for postpartum complications. Clinical notes were reviewed to identify those patients with a clinical diagnosis of acute endometritis. After exclusion criteria were applied, the ultrasound images of 31 patients with acute endometritis and 31 randomly selected controls from the remaining pool of postpartum patients were randomised and anonymised. Ultrasound images were retrospectively reviewed by two independent radiologists to identify the presence or absence of the hypoechoic subserosal rim and endomyometrial junction indistinctness signs.ResultsThe average sensitivity and specificity for readers identifying the subserosal hypoechoic rim sign in full‐term postpartum patients with acute endometritis were 76.9% and 92.1%, respectively. Interobserver reliability was moderate with a kappa value of 0.5. The average sensitivity and specificity for endomyometrial junction indistinctness were 89.0% and 95.2%, respectively, with substantial inter‐observer agreement, Kappa 0.7. These signs remained specific but were less frequently observed in postpartum patients scanned during early pregnancy.ConclusionWe have shown that identifying the subserosal hypoechoic rim and endomyometrial junction indistinctness on ultrasound scans can reliably help to distinguish patients with acute postpartum endometritis from other complications, particularly in full‐term postpartum patients.
Storage stability of electrospun pure gelatin stabilized with EDC/Sulfo‐NHS
Authors: Ghassemi Zahra , Slaughter Gymama 
Published: September 2018

AbstractWith the rapid development of biomimetic polymers for cell‐based assays and tissue engineering, crosslinking electrospun nanofibrous biopolymer constructs is of great importance for achieving sustainable and efficient three‐dimensional scaffold constructs. Uncrosslinked electrospun gelatin nanofibrous constructs immediately and completely dissolved in aqueous solutions due to their aqueous solubility and poor storage stability. Here, a novel and versatile approach for the fabrication and crosslinking of electrospun gelatin construct with tunable porosity and high aspect ratio nanofibers is presented. Uncrosslinked electrospun gelatin/genipin nanofibrous and pure gelatin nanofibrous constructs exhibited smooth surfaces that were well‐defined, with a diameter in the range of 448 ± 364 nm and 257 ± 57 nm, respectively. Dehydrothermal, genipin‐EDC/Sulfo‐NHS, and EDC/Sulfo‐NHS crosslinking approaches were examined to achieve insoluble gelatin nanofibrous constructs that were suitable for cell‐based assays. Mechanical characterization demonstrated that the pure gelatin nanofibrous construct crosslinked via EDC/Sulfo‐NHS exhibited an increased mechanical strength and stiffness and showed no dissolution in aqueous solutions and retained its fiber morphology. An excellent 1 month storage stability was demonstrated at 22, 4, −20, and −80°C (dehydrated) and at 4°C (hydrated). The as‐crosslinked gelatin nanofibrous construct was highly biocompatible (90% cell viability), as demonstrated by the promoted proliferation of PC12 cells.
Gold aus Elektronikschrott
Authors: Wilke Timm , Bodensiek Oliver , Ruppersberg Klaus 
Published: September 2018

ZusammenfassungWer mit Gold‐Nanopartikeln arbeiten möchte, scheitert oft daran, dass in der Schule aus Kostengründen keine goldhaltigen Chemikalien angeschafft werden. Der vorliegende Artikel stellt eine praktikable Lösung vor: Die Aufarbeitung von goldhaltigem Elektronikschrott, der selbst in Schulen häufig achtlos mit dem Restmüll entsorgt wird. Hinzu kommen kritische Denkansätze zum unsachgemäßen Recycling in Teilen der Dritten Welt sowie die Bewusstmachung hoher Sachwerte, die unbeachtet vergeudet werden. Last but not least wird die gewonnene Goldsäure für die Synthese der erwähnten Gold‐Nanopartikel eingesetzt.
Rhodium(III)‐Catalyzed C—H Vinylation of Arenes: Access to Functionalized Styrenes
Authors: Zhou Jun , Li Xin , Liao Gang , Shi Bing‐Feng 
Published: September 2018

AbstractAn effective method has been developed for Rh(III)‐catalyzed direct vinylation of arenes to give functionalized styrenes, using vinyltriethoxysilane as a convenient and inexpensive vinyl source. A wide variety of substrates, including 1‐aryl‐2‐pyrrolidinones, anilines, benzamides and ketones, were compatible with this reaction. Moreover, this method can be applied to the two‐step synthesis of functionalized indoles. Mechanistic investigation reveals that the reaction probably proceeds through an oxidative Heck/desilylation pathway.
Evaluation of diagnostic accuracy and a practical algorithmic approach for the diagnosis of renal masses by FNA
Authors: Lau Hubert D. , Kong Christina S. , Kao Chia‐Sui 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBackgroundThe classification of renal neoplasms is essential for oncologic risk stratification and clinical management, and an accurate pretreatment pathologic diagnosis can provide useful guidance for active surveillance, minimally invasive ablative therapy, or surgical resection and can reduce the incidence of overtreatment. Previous studies evaluating the diagnostic accuracy of fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) and core‐needle biopsy (CNB) for renal masses are limited and show variable results.MethodsTwo hundred forty‐seven renal FNA cases with or without concurrent CNB performed and/or reviewed at the Stanford University School of Medicine over the course of 20 years were identified. Cytohistopathologic correlation was performed for 77 cases with subsequent resection specimens. All available case materials were reviewed, and select cases were worked up further and reclassified as necessary.ResultsCytohistopathologic correlation showed 96% diagnostic specificity and 83% sensitivity for renal FNA with or without concurrent CNB. Discordant cases were mostly attributed to sampling errors or suboptimal specimens (79%) and also included 2 non–renal cell carcinoma entities (1 case of angiomyolipoma and 1 case of a benign peripheral nerve sheath tumor) and 1 case involving misclassification of the renal cell carcinoma subtype.ConclusionsThere is considerable value in FNA/CNB for the initial diagnosis of renal masses because of the high diagnostic specificity and sensitivity. Sensitivity is predominantly dependent on sufficient sampling, and additional potential diagnostic pitfalls include nonepithelial and rare entities. Judicious use of ancillary techniques is encouraged, especially when one is presented with a limited specimen, and this article presents a practical algorithmic approach to the diagnosis of renal masses using salient morphologic features and results from ancillary studies.Fine‐needle aspiration is an accurate method for the diagnosis of renal masses. A practical diagnostic algorithm, based on salient morphologic and ancillary findings, is presented.
Simple estimation and energy‐aware migration models of virtual machines in a server cluster
Authors: Watanabe Ryo , Duolikun Dilawaer , Takizawa Makoto 
Published: September 2018

SummaryIn order to realize green society, it is critical to reduce electric energy consumed by servers in clusters. In our previous studies, these types of algorithms are proposed to select an energy‐efficient server to perform an application process issued by a client. In this paper, we newly discuss a migration approach to reducing the electric energy consumption of servers where virtual machines with application processes migrate to more energy‐efficient servers. We propose a new algorithm called ISEAM2 to reduce the electric energy consumption of servers. Here, a pair of a host server and a virtual machine on the host server are first selected to perform a process issued by an application. In addition, a target virtual machine on a host server and a guest server to which the target virtual machine migrates are selected so that the electric energy consumption of the host and guest servers can be minimized. Thus, virtual machines with application processes migrate to more energy‐efficient servers. We also propose a simple way to estimate the termination time of every process on each server. In the evaluation, we show the total electric energy consumption and total active time of servers, and the average execution time of processes can be reduced in the ISEAM2 algorithm compared with other algorithms.
Riparian forest transpiration under the current and projected Mediterranean climate: Effects on soil water and nitrate uptake
Authors: Poblador Sílvia , Thomas Zahra , Rousseau‐Gueutin Pauline , Sabaté Santiago , Sabater Francesc 
Published: September 2018

AbstractVegetation plays a key role in riparian area functioning by controlling water and nitrate (N─NO3−) transfers to streams. We investigated how spatial heterogeneity modifies the influence of vegetation transpiration on soil water and N─NO3− balances in the vadose soil of a Mediterranean riparian forest. On the basis of field data, we simulated water flow and N─NO3− transport in three riparian zones (i.e., near‐stream, intermediate, and hillslope) using HYDRUS‐1D model. We investigated spatiotemporal patterns across the riparian area over a 3‐year period and future years using an IPCC/CMIP5 climate projection for the Mediterranean region. Potential evapotranspiration was partitioned between evaporation and transpiration to estimate transpiration rates at the area. Denitrification in the forest was negligible, thus N─NO3− removal was only considered through plant uptake. For the three riparian zones, the model successfully predicted field soil moisture (θ). The near‐stream zone exchanged larger volumes of water and supported higher θ and transpiration rates (666 ± 75 mm) than the other two riparian zones. Total water fluxes, θ, and transpiration rates decreased near the intermediate (536 ± 46 mm transpired) and hillslope zones (406 ± 26 mm transpired), suggesting that water availability was restricted due to deeper groundwater. Transpiration strongly decreased θ and soil N─NO3− in the hillslope and intermediate zones. Our climate projections highlight the importance of groundwater availability and indicate that soil N─NO3− would be expected to increase due to changes in plant‐root uptake. Lower water availability in the hillslope zone may reduce the effectiveness of N─NO3− removal in the riparian area, increasing the risk of excess N─NO3− leaching into the stream.
A meta‐analysis of MitraClip combined with medical therapy vs. medical therapy alone for treatment of mitral regurgitation in heart failure patients
Authors: Giannini Cristina , D'ascenzo Fabrizio , Fiorelli Francesca , Spontoni Paolo , Swaans Martin J. , Velazquez Eric J. , Armeni Patrizio , Adamo Marianna , De Carlo Marco , Petronio Anna Sonia 
Published: September 2018

AbstractAimsSurvival benefit of percutaneous mitral valve repair with the MitraClip over conservative treatment of functional mitral regurgitation (MR) remains unclear. The purpose of this meta‐analysis is to compare survival outcomes of MitraClip with those of medical therapy in patients with functional MR.Methods and resultsA comprehensive literature search of PubMed, MEDLINE, and Google Scholar was conducted including studies evaluating MitraClip vs. medical therapy with multivariate adjustment and with >80% of patients with functional MR. Death from any cause was the primary endpoint, while freedom from readmission was the secondary one, evaluated with random effects. These analyses were performed at study level and at patient level including only functional MR when available, evaluating the effect of MitraClip in different subgroups according to age, ischaemic aetiology, presence of implantable cardioverter defibrillator/cardiac resynchronization therapy, and left ventricular ejection fraction and volumes. We identified six eligible observational studies including 2121 participants who were treated with MitraClip (n = 833) or conservative therapy (n = 1288). Clinical follow‐up was documented at a median of 400 days. At study‐level analysis, MitraClip, when compared with medical therapy (P = 0.005), was associated with significant reduction of death (P = 0.002) and of readmission due to cardiac disease. At patient‐level analysis, including 344 patients, MitraClip confirmed robust survival benefit over medical therapy for all patients with functional MR and among the most important subgroups.ConclusionsCompared with conservative treatment, MitraClip is associated with a significant survival benefit. Importantly, this superiority is particularly pronounced among patients with functional MR and across all the main subgroups.