bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Desirability, availability, credit assignment, category learning, and attention: Cognitive-emotional and working memory dynamics of orbitofrontal, ventrolateral, and dorsolateral prefrontal cortices
Authors: Grossberg Stephen 
Published: May 2018

Background: The prefrontal cortices play an essential role in cognitive-emotional and working memory processes through interactions with multiple brain regions. Methods: This article further develops a unified neural architecture that explains many recent and classical data about prefrontal function and makes testable predictions. Results: Prefrontal properties of desirability, availability, credit assignment, category learning, and feature-based attention are explained. These properties arise through interactions of orbitofrontal, ventrolateral prefrontal, and dorsolateral prefrontal cortices with the inferotemporal cortex, perirhinal cortex, parahippocampal cortices; ventral bank of the principal sulcus, ventral prearcuate gyrus, frontal eye fields, hippocampus, amygdala, basal ganglia, hypothalamus, and visual cortical areas V1, V2, V3A, V4, middle temporal cortex, medial superior temporal area, lateral intraparietal cortex, and posterior parietal cortex. Model explanations also include how the value of visual objects and events is computed, which objects and events cause desired consequences and which may be ignored as predictively irrelevant, and how to plan and act to realise these consequences, including how to selectively filter expected versus unexpected events, leading to movements towards, and conscious perception of, expected events. Modelled processes include reinforcement learning and incentive motivational learning; object and spatial working memory dynamics; and category learning, including the learning of object categories, value categories, object-value categories, and sequence categories, or list chunks. Conclusion: This article hereby proposes a unified neural theory of prefrontal cortex and its functions.
Dexpramipexole as an oral steroid-sparing agent in hypereosinophilic syndromes
Authors: Panch Sandhya R. , Bozik Michael E. , Brown Thomas , Makiya Michelle , Prussin Calman , Archibald Donald G. , Hebrank Gregory T. , Sullivan Mary , Sun Xiaoping , Wetzler Lauren , Ware JeanAnne , Fay Michael P. , Dunbar Cynthia E. , Dworetzky Steven I. , Khoury Paneez , Maric Irina , Klion Amy D. 
Published: May 2018

Key Points
GC-sparing treatment alternatives are a critical need for patients with HESs. The orally bioactive drug dexpramipexole demonstrated clinical efficacy with an excellent safety profile in a subset of patients with HESs.
Fetoscopic endoluminal tracheal occlusion and reestablishment of fetal airways for congenital diaphragmatic hernia
Authors: Van der Veeken Lennart , Russo Francesca Maria , De Catte Luc , Gratacos Eduard , Benachi Alexandra , Ville Yves , Nicolaides Kypros , Berg Christoph , Gardener Glenn , Persico Nicola , Bagolan Pietro , Ryan Greg , Belfort Michael A. , Deprest Jan 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Background
Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is a congenital anomaly with high mortality and morbidity mainly due to pulmonary hypoplasia and hypertension. Temporary fetal tracheal occlusion to promote prenatal lung growth may improve survival. Entrapment of lung fluid stretches the airways, leading to lung growth.

Methods
Fetal endoluminal tracheal occlusion (FETO) is performed by percutaneous sono-endoscopic insertion of a balloon developed for interventional radiology. Reversal of the occlusion to induce lung maturation can be performed by fetoscopy, transabdominal puncture, tracheoscopy, or by postnatal removal if all else fails.

Results
FETO and balloon removal have been shown safe in experienced hands. This paper deals with the technical aspects of balloon insertion and removal. While FETO is invasive, it has minimal maternal risks yet can cause preterm birth potentially offsetting its beneficial effects.

Conclusion
For left-sided severe and moderate CDH, the procedure is considered investigational and is currently being evaluated in a global randomized clinical trial (https://www.totaltrial.eu/). The procedure can be clinically offered to fetuses with severe right-sided CDH.
Analysis of Poul Gernes’ painted folding doors at Herlev Hospital
Authors: Hansen Anna Katrine , Christiansen Marie Bitsch , Sanyova Jana , Simonsen Kim Pilkjær 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
An analytical study of the painted folding doors at Herlev Hospital in Denmark has been performed in connection with the creation of new doors. The hospital which construction was completed in 1976 is one of the first polychrome hospitals in the world. The building has achieved international awareness not only as a piece of architecture but also as an artwork being the largest artistic decoration of a public space in Denmark. Besides the decoration of the walls and interior which colour scheme was designed by the Danish artist Poul Gernes, the hospital foyer includes 65 individual paintings and two painted folding doors, which were executed by Poul Gernes. The folding doors are the original doors from 1976 and have never been restored. The paint used for the decoration of the folding doors were analysed by micro-Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy–energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, micro-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and pyrolysis–gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. The results showed, that the variant colours were created by the use of a limited number of pigments and consist of a mixture of inorganic pigments and synthetic organic pigments. The detected pigments were chrome yellow, chrome orange/chrome red, PY3, PR3, PR122, PB15, and PV23. Titanium white (rutile) was found in all paint and preparatory layers, and it was used as both a whitening agent in mixtures with other pigment and a filler material in the paint. The study also shows how the decorations were created and it hence relates to other studies of wall paintings from that period giving useful information for future restoration issues about the possible pigments and binder used.
Palliative Care in the Global Setting: ASCO Resource-Stratified Practice Guideline
Authors: Osman Hibah , Shrestha Sudip , Temin Sarah , Ali Zipporah V. , Corvera Rumalie A. , Ddungu Henry D. , De Lima Liliana , Del Pilar Estevez-Diz Maria , Ferris Frank D. , Gafer Nahla , Gupta Harmala K. , Horton Susan , Jacob Graciela , Jia Ruinuo , Lu Frank L. , Mosoiu Daniela , Puchalski Christina , Seigel Carole , Soyannwo Olaitan , Cleary James F. 
Published: May 2018

Purpose The purpose of this new resource-stratified guideline is to provide expert guidance to clinicians and policymakers on implementing palliative care of patients with cancer and their caregivers in resource-constrained settings and is intended to complement the Integration of Palliative Care Into Standard Oncology Care: American Society of Clinical Oncology Clinical Practice Guideline Update of 2016. Methods ASCO convened a multidisciplinary, multinational panel of experts in medical oncology, family medicine, radiation oncology, hematology/oncology, palliative and/or hospice care, pain and/or symptom management, patient advocacy, public health, and health economics. Guideline development involved a systematic literature review, a modified ADAPTE process, and a formal consensus-based process with the Expert Panel and additional experts (consensus ratings group). Results The systematic review included 48 full-text publications regarding palliative care in resource-constrained settings, along with cost-effectiveness analyses; the evidence for many clinical questions was limited. These provided indirect evidence to inform the formal consensus process, which resulted in agreement of ≥ 75% (by consensus ratings group including Expert Panel). Recommendations The recommendations help define the models of care, staffing requirements, and roles and training needs of team members in a variety of resource settings for palliative care. Recommendations also outline the standards for provision of psychosocial support, spiritual care, and opioid analgesics, which can be particularly challenging and often overlooked in resource-constrained settings. Additional information is available at www.asco.org/resource-stratified-guidelines . It is the view of ASCO that health care providers and health care system decision makers should be guided by the recommendations for the highest stratum of resources available. The guideline is intended to complement but not replace local guidelines.
The makings of the ‘actin code': regulation of actin's biological function at the amino acid and nucleotide level
Authors: Vedula Pavan , Kashina Anna 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACT
The actin cytoskeleton plays key roles in every eukaryotic cell and is essential for cell adhesion, migration, mechanosensing, and contractility in muscle and non-muscle tissues. In higher vertebrates, from birds through to mammals, actin is represented by a family of six conserved genes. Although these genes have evolved independently for more than 100 million years, they encode proteins with ≥94% sequence identity, which are differentially expressed in different tissues, and tightly regulated throughout embryogenesis and adulthood. It has been previously suggested that the existence of such similar actin genes is a fail-safe mechanism to preserve the essential function of actin through redundancy. However, knockout studies in mice and other organisms demonstrate that the different actins have distinct biological roles. The mechanisms maintaining this distinction have been debated in the literature for decades. This Review summarizes data on the functional regulation of different actin isoforms, and the mechanisms that lead to their different biological roles in vivo. We focus here on recent studies demonstrating that at least some actin functions are regulated beyond the amino acid level at the level of the actin nucleotide sequence.
The actin cytoskeleton of the mouse sperm flagellum is organized in a helical structure
Authors: Gervasi María G. , Xu Xinran , Carbajal-Gonzalez Blanca , Buffone Mariano G. , Visconti Pablo E. , Krapf Diego 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACT
Conception in mammals is determined by the fusion of a sperm cell with an oocyte during fertilization. Motility is one of the features of sperm that allows them to succeed in fertilization, and their flagellum is essential for this function. Longitudinally, the flagellum can be divided into the midpiece, the principal piece and the end piece. A precise cytoskeletal architecture of the sperm tail is key for the acquisition of fertilization competence. It has been proposed that the actin cytoskeleton plays essential roles in the regulation of sperm motility; however, the actin organization in sperm remains elusive. In the present work, we show that there are different types of actin structures in the sperm tail by using three-dimensional stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (STORM). In the principal piece, actin is radially distributed between the axoneme and the plasma membrane. The actin-associated proteins spectrin and adducin are also found in these structures. Strikingly, polymerized actin in the midpiece forms a double-helix that accompanies mitochondria. Our findings illustrate a novel specialized structure of actin filaments in a mammalian cell.
Dynamic Unstructured Bargaining with Private Information: Theory, Experiment, and Outcome Prediction via Machine Learning
Authors: Camerer Colin F. , Nave Gideon , Smith Alec 
Published: May 2018

We study dynamic unstructured bargaining with deadlines and one-sided private information about the amount available to share (the “pie size”). Using mechanism design theory, we show that given the players’ incentives, the equilibrium incidence of bargaining failures (“strikes”) should increase with the pie size, and we derive a condition under which strikes are efficient. In our setting, no equilibrium satisfies both equality and efficiency in all pie sizes. We derive two equilibria that resolve the trade-off between equality and efficiency by favoring either equality or efficiency. Using a novel experimental paradigm, we confirm that strike incidence is decreasing in the pie size. Subjects reach equal splits in small pie games (in which strikes are efficient), while most payoffs are close to either the efficient or the equal equilibrium prediction, when the pie is large. We employ a machine learning approach to show that bargaining process features recorded early in the game improve out-of-sample prediction of disagreements at the deadline. The process feature predictions are as accurate as predictions from pie sizes only, and adding process and pie data together improves predictions even more.Data are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2017.2965 .This paper was accepted by Uri Gneezy, behavioral economics.
Service System with Dependent Service and Patience Times
Authors: Wu Chenguang (Allen) , Bassamboo Achal , Perry Ohad 
Published: May 2018

Motivated by recent empirical evidence, we consider a large service system in which the patience time of each customer depends on his service requirement. Our goal is to study the impact of such dependence on key performance measures, such as expected waiting times and average queue length, as well as on optimal capacity decisions. Since the dependence structure renders exact analysis intractable, we employ a stationary fluid approximation that is based on the entire joint distribution of the service and patience times. Our results show that even moderate dependence has significant impacts on system performance, so considering the patience and service times to be independent when they are in fact dependent is futile. We further demonstrate that Pearson’s correlation coefficient, which is commonly used to measure and rank dependence, is an insufficient statistic, and that the entire joint distribution is required for comparative statics. Thus, we propose a novel framework, incorporating the fluid model with bivariate dependence orders and copulas, to study the impacts of the aforementioned dependence. We then demonstrate how that framework can be applied to facilitate revenue optimization when staffing and abandonment costs are incurred. Finally, the effectiveness of the fluid-based approximations and optimal-staffing prescriptions is demonstrated via simulations. This paper was accepted by Noah Gans, stochastic models and simulation.
Wound centres—how do we obtain high quality? The EWMA wound centre endorsement project
Authors: Gottrup Finn , Pokorná Andrea , Bjerregaard Julie , Vuagnat Hubert 
Published: May 2018

Objective:Different types of multidisciplinary concepts for treating non-healing wounds have been developed. However, there is insufficient evidence on the quality of multidisciplinary wound centres, and a limited number of evaluation systems have so far been developed. The lack of an international wound centre evaluation/certification system is the basis for the European Wound Management Association (EWMA) Wound Centre Endorsement Project. The project aims to describe the minimum requirements for a wound management centre. These requirements have been defined as a basis for evaluation and endorsement of wound centres inside as well as outside a hospital setting (in- and outpatient clinics).Method:The endorsement programme focused on wound centre characteristics such as: target population; types of centres; and choice of model used. The method used to develop the EWMA wound centre endorsement programme was an evaluation of the quality of the different types of established wound centres across and outside Europe. Criteria and procedures for endorsement of wound centres were developed and pilot projects were performed outside Europe in two in-patient centres in China and one outpatient centre in Brazil.Results:The EWMA endorsement procedure includes the following steps: initial application; review of centre data provided via the application form and follow-up dialogue; visit to the wound centre; final report and endorsement; and re-endorsement. A follow-up visit was arranged in connection with the re-endorsement. Experiences from the pilot studies have so far indicated that the endorsement process is not only a quality declaration, but may also result in positive developments, such as increased visibility, increased patient flow, increased healing rates, and decreased amputation rate.Conclusion:Development of endorsement systems focusing on the minimum requirements for a wound management centre is required to support the development of high-quality wound centres which provide health-care services according to recent evidence of current best practice. The EWMA Wound Centre Endorsement Project is the first international programme of its kind and this may, in the future, support the establishment of international collaboration and knowledge sharing about the development and maintenance of high-quality wound centres.
Microcurrent as an adjunct therapy to accelerate chronic wound healing and reduce patient pain
Authors: Nair Harikrishna K.R. 
Published: May 2018

Objective: The primary aim is to assess the efficacy of microcurrent, a form of electrical stimulation, as an adjunct therapy in accelerating healing in chronic wounds by reducing wound size and pain level. The secondary aim is to assess the qualitative changes in these parameters: inflammatory symptoms, vasodilation, sleep quality, gait and frequency of bowel movement. Method: Eligible patients with chronic wounds were enrolled between March and June 2016, from the Wound Care Unit, Hospital Kuala Lumpur in this consecutive case series. Standard wound care was performed with microcurrent as an adjunct therapy. Each patient was treated with an anti-inflammatory frequency, followed by a vasodilation frequency, while having their wounds cleansed during each dressing change. Patients were loaned a home-microcurrent device to treat themselves three times daily using a tissue repair frequency for four weeks. Results: A total of 100 patients with chronic wounds, such as diabetic foot ulcers, venous leg ulcers, and pressure ulcers, were recruited. During the four-week treatment period, all patients had a reduction in wound size, with 16 having complete wound closure. All 89 of the 100 patients who complained of pain, associated with their wound, experienced reduced pain scores, with 11 being pain-free at the end of the four-week period. There was significant reduction (p<0.001) in both mean pain score and mean wound area during the treatment period, as well as improvements in other parameters, such as reduction in inflammatory symptoms (leg swelling, foot stiffness), increased vasodilation (skin discolouration, leg heaviness, early morning erection, sensation), improvement in sleep quality, gait, and frequency of bowel movement. No adverse events were reported. Conclusion: The results of this study show there was significant reduction in wound area and pain score during the treatment period. The ease of use of microcurrent devices would advocate its use in accelerating wound healing
Incorporación de la responsabilidad social empresaria en decisiones de inversión utilizando técnicas multicriterio
Authors: Bravino Laura Susana , Margaría Oscar Alcides , Rojas Heredia Elena , Santillán Gustavo Alejandro , Rosset Cecilia Verónica 
Published: May 2018

La Responsabilidad Social Empresaria (RSE) se ha convertido en un aspecto más a analizar a la hora de tomar decisiones de inversión. En este sentido, las empresas deben informar sobre su desempeño general no sólo en su dimensión económica y financiera sino también en lo referente a los aspectos referidos al gobierno corporativo, social y medioambiental. Sin embargo, tanto la cantidad como la calidad de la información brindada en los reportes sobre RSE que brindan las empresas es variada, y los criterios para elaborarlos no siempre coinciden. Entonces, cabe preguntarnos ¿Cuáles son los aspectos de interés que tiene en cuenta un inversor argentino?En este trabajo se utilizaron los indicadores más relevantes tanto para las empresas como para los grupos de interés para medir la importancia de la RSE en diferentes sectores de la economía. Para ello se trabajó con la técnica de decisión multicriterio, llamada proceso analítico jerárquico o analytic hierarchy process (AHP), tomando como base los principales indicadores estándares que pueden aplicarse en Argentina y usando la información obtenida a través de encuestas a dos grupos de interés diferentes. Esto permitió estructurar el problema en niveles de diferente jerarquía. Al comparar los resultados obtenidos con la aplicación de la metodología AHP desarrollada, se visualiza que el orden de preferencia en las alternativas difiere del establecido de acuerdo con el volumen negociado en el mercado de capitales. El sector financiero, considerado como uno de los ejes del desarrollo de la economía del país, ha demostrado un cierto grado de avance en cuanto a prácticas de responsabilidad social. Esto se vio reflejado en los resultados obtenidos, donde un mayor compromiso formal de las empresas de este sector en prácticas de RSE queda en evidencia. Sin embargo, es necesario continuar con esta política de sustentabilidad, involucrándose en proyectos que contribuyan al bienestar de la población.
Pharmacogenetic testing by polymorphic markers 681G>A and 636G>A CYP2C19 gene in patients with acute coronary syndrome and gastric ulcer in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)
Authors: Fedorinov Denis S. , Mirzaev Karin B. , Ivashchenko Dmitriy V. , Temirbulatov Ilyas I. , Sychev Dmitriy A. , Maksimova Nadezda R. , Chertovskih Jana V. , Popova Nyurguiana V. , Tayurskaya Ksenia S. , Rudykh Zoya A. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract

Background:
The focus of the study is to determine the prevalence of CYP2C19 alleles, associated with the risk of changes in the pharmacological response to clopidogrel and proton pump inhibitors in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and gastric ulcer from Russian and Yakut ethnic groups.

Methods:
The research included 411 patients with ACS (143 Russians and 268 Yakuts) and 204 patients with histologically confirmed gastric ulcer (63 Russians and 141 Yakuts). Genotyping of 681G>A and 636G>A polymorphisms was performed by using polymerase real-time chain reaction.

Results:
In both ethnic groups, Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was followed in a distribution of alleles and genotypes in the population (p>0.05). The 681A allele frequency in the Yakut ethnic group was higher than in the Russian group: 17.53% vs. 8.39% (p=0.001). No statistically significant difference was found in the frequency of 636A in Yakuts and Russians with ACS: 3.92% vs. 3.50% (p=0.840). While comparing the frequency distribution of alleles 681A (13.49% vs. 14.54%, p=0.878) and 636A (7.94% vs. 7.80%, p=1) in patients with a gastric ulcer from Russian and Yakut ethnic groups, no significant difference was found in carrier frequency.

Conclusions:
The results of the present study may be helpful for developing guidelines for CYPC19 genotype-directed antiplatelet therapy for Yakut and Russian patients.