bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Total Syntheses of Echitamine, Akuammiline, Rhazicine, and Pseudoakuammigine
Authors: Zhang Xiang , Kakde Badrinath N. , Guo Rui , Yadav Sonyabapu , Gu Yucheng , Li Ang 
Published: February 2019

AbstractEchitamine (1) and akuammiline (2) are representative members of a fascinating class of monoterpenoid indole alkaloids. We report the syntheses of 2 and its congener deacetylakuammiline (3). The azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane motif was assembled through silver‐catalyzed internal alkyne cyclization, and one‐pot C−O bond cleavage/C−N bond formation furnished the pentacyclic scaffold. Compound 3 then served as a common intermediate for preparing a series of structurally diverse and synthetically challenging congeners including 1. A position‐selective Polonovski–Potier reaction followed by formal N‐4 migration built the core of N‐demethylechitamine (4) and 1. An alternative route featuring Meisenheimer rearrangement gave 4 as well. Oxidation of the alcohol within 3 gave rhazimal (5), which underwent tandem indolenine hydrolysis, hemiaminalization, and hemiketalization to form rhazicine (6). A sequence of N,O‐ketalization and reductive amination secured the chemoselectivity of N‐methylation, leading to pseudoakuammigine (7).
Synthesis of peroxidase‐encapsulated sodium cellulose sulphate/poly‐dimethyl‐diallyl‐ammonium chloride biopolymer via polyelectrolyte complexation for enhanced removal of phenol
Authors: Chiong Tung , Lau Sie Yon , Zeng Xianhai , Danquah Michael Kobina 
Published: February 2019

AbstractPeroxidases have attracted significant interests in enzymatic wastewater treatment strategies. In this work, jicama peroxidase (JP) was extracted from jicama skin peels and used for the degradation of phenol under free and immobilized conditions. The crude enzyme extract demonstrated enzymatic activity of 1.6 ± 0.1 U mL−1. Sodium cellulose sulphate/poly‐dimethyl‐diallyl‐ammonium chloride (NaCS‐PDMDAAC) spherical capsules were synthesized and immobilized with crude JP to generate JP beaded capsules with an average diameter of 5.05 mm ± 0.16 mm. Phenol biodegradation analysis showed that the free and immobilized JP capsules demonstrated optimum working pH values of 7 and 6, respectively, and both systems maintained JP catalytic functionalities over a broad range of H2O2 concentration before H2O2 inhibition. The optimal temperature range for phenol removal was from 25°C to 40°C for both free and immobilized JP with lower removal efficiency above 45°C due to thermal denaturation. Due to diffusive mass transfer limitation, immobilized JP capsules required a longer reaction time of 15 hr for optimal phenol removal efficiency of >95%, whereas free JP achieved the same efficiency in 13 hr. The first order kinetic rate constants for free and immobilized JP capsules were determined to be 1.21 hr−1 and 1.02 hr−1, respectively. JP capsules maintained reusability up to 4 cycles at the highest removal efficiency of >95% with no regeneration.
Synthesis and study of a new biopolymer‐based chitosan/hematoxylin grafted to cotton wound dressings
Authors: Alminderej Fahad M. , El‐Ghoul Yassine 
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACTThe present paper describes the development of wound dressing with high‐enhanced biological characteristics. Firstly, we have synthesized a new polymer‐based chitosan/hematoxylin (poly‐PAA‐CZ‐HX), a bioactive blend for combined antibacterial and tissue regeneration properties. The main aim was to functionalize the wound dressing biomaterial with this bioactive medical polymer via a chemical grafting process. This functionalization must offer a permanent graft and preserve the medical properties of the added polymer of chitosan/hematoxylin. We have then studied the influence of different parameters involved in this particular grafting processing. Main parameters included thermofixation conditions (time and temperature) in addition to the concentration of different reactants. The last mentioned consist of a crosslinking agent the polyacrylic acid (PAA), a selected catalyst the sodium dihydrogen hypophosphite (NaH2PO2), and thepoly‐PAA‐CZ‐HX. Sorption capacity of modified dressings was then evaluated via the technique of the contact angle at various grafting rates. These wettability measurements have revealed a significant decrease of the contact angle of samples after functionalization, a desired characteristic of wound dressings, which means the clear improvement of the hydrophilicity. After the untreated and grafted cotton dressings were characterized by ATR‐IR spectroscopy and TGA/DTA analysis, the results showed a chemical permanent grafting that resisted to standardized washings. Then an evaluation of mechanical properties of cotton dressings grafted with various proportions of poly‐PAA‐CZ‐HX polymer was accomplished. Results revealed that the grafting reaction with selected conditions did not damage the mechanical characteristics of our native wound dressings. Finally, a SEM morphological study confirmed the permanent graft of the crosslinked CZ/HX biopolymer grafted to the cotton fibers and allowed us to evaluate its chemical grafting mode onto functionalized surfaces. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47625.
PANI‐chitosan‐TiO2ternary nanocomposite and its effectiveness on antibacterial and antistatic behavior of epoxy coating
Authors: Mirmohseni Abdolreza , Rastgar Mortaza , Olad Ali 
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACTA straightforward approach has been developed for fabricating antibacterial and antistatic epoxy coatings by using polyaniline‐chitosan modified TiO2ternary nanocomposite. This nanocomposite was synthesized through the following steps. First, chitosan was grafted onto the TiO2nanoparticles and then final nanocomposite was prepared via solution polymerization of aniline. Electrical conductivity measurement revealed that nanocomposite with 7.5 wt % of the modified TiO2nanoparticles has noticeably higher conductivity compared to polyaniline. Evaluating the coatings' antibacterial property indicated epoxy coatings with the content of ternary nanocomposite show significant bactericidal activity against Gram‐positive bacteria and have acceptable antibacterial action against Gram‐negative ones. Also, obtained results showed that the ternary nanocomposite would greatly decrease coatings' surface resistivity and when nanocomposite content is about 2 wt % surface resistivity is about 3 × 107 Ω sq−1. On the contrary, the coating with nanocomposite loading exhibits improved thermal and mechanical performance compared to the coating made of neat epoxy. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci.2019,136, 47629.
Time and thermal stability improvement of polyethylene ferroelectrets
Authors: Hamdi Ouassim , Mighri Frej , Rodrigue Denis 
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACTFerroelectrets with good piezoelectric coefficients have been produced based on cellular polyethylene (PE) via extrusion film blowing. The quasi‐static piezoelectric coefficient (d33) value obtained (935 pC/N) was well above typical values for cellular polypropylene (PP) considered as the workhorse of piezoelectric polymers. Here, a focus was made on increasing the time and thermal stability of cellular PE piezoelectric activity. To do so, specific thermal treatments were applied on the films to improve their microstructure. First, films crystallinity was increased via thermal annealing at 80 °C for 5 min leading to a 32% increase of the initial d33 value as well as its time stability. However, thermal treatment did not give a significant thermal stability improvement because the treated films almost completely lost their piezoelectric activity (96%) at 80 °C. Therefore, the films were treated with orthophosphoric acid resulting in substantial charge stability improvements, especially at higher temperature. Overall, it was possible to increase the continuous service temperature (CST) of PE ferroelectrets from 40 to 80 °C, which is similar to the typical CST of PP. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47646.
Mortality and cause of death of Australians on the autism spectrum
Authors: Hwang Ye In (Jane) , Srasuebkul Preeyaporn , Foley Kitty‐Rose , Arnold Samuel , Trollor Julian N. 
Published: February 2019

Focused investigations regarding mortality rates, risk factors, and cause of death in autistic populations remain scarce. The present study used large linked datasets spanning 2001–2015 to report the rates and risk factors for mortality and cause of death in individuals on the autism spectrum (n = 35,929 age range 5–64) with and without concurrent intellectual disability (ID) in New South Wales, Australia. Mortality rates for those on the autism spectrum were 2.06 times that of the general population. Concurrent ID, epilepsy, mental health conditions, and chronic physical health conditions were associated with a higher risk of death for those on the spectrum, whereas demographic variables such as gender and socioeconomic status were not. A differing profile of top causes of death was found for autistic individuals relative to the general population, with “nervous system and sense disorders” and “injury and poisoning” being the top‐ranked causes for those on the spectrum. The findings alert the need for health promotion and management of concurrent physical and mental health conditions for those on the autism spectrum. There is also a need for better identification, diagnosis, and documentation of older adults on the autism spectrum. Autism Research 2019, 12: 806–815. © 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Lay SummaryRates of death are higher for autistic individuals compared to the general population. There is higher risk of death for autistic individuals who have additional mental and physical health conditions. The leading causes of death for autistic individuals with and without ID are “nervous system and sense disorders”, which includes epilepsy and “injury and poisoning”, respectively. To minimize risk of death, it is important to manage the mental and physical health individuals on the autism spectrum and to better understand the circumstances surrounding preventable deaths for this population.
Ponicidin as a promising anticancer agent: Its biological and biopharmaceutical profile along with a molecular docking study
Authors: Islam Muhammad Torequl , Biswas Sajal , Bagchi Rajat , Khan Md. Roich , Khalipha Abul Bashar Ripon , Rouf Razina , Uddin Shaikh Jamal , Shilpi Jamil A. , Bardaweel Sanaa K. , Sabbah Dima A. , Mubarak Mohammad S. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractPonicidin, an ent‐kaurane diterpenoid derived from Rabdosia rubescens, exhibits antitumor activities against several types of cancers. This review summarizes the botanical sources, biological activities, and biopharmaceutical profile of ponicidin. Additionally, a molecular docking study has been undertaken to correlate the interaction of this diterpenoid with biomacromolecules found in the literature. For this purpose, an up‐to‐date (till December 2018) literature survey was conducted using a number of databases such as PubMed, Science Direct, Web of Science, Scopus, the American Chemical Society, Clinicaltrials.gov, and Google Scholar. Findings suggest that ponicidin exerts antioxidant and anticancer activity in various test systems, including experimental animals and cultured cancer cells. Research findings revealed that anticancer mechanisms of ponicidin include antioxidant/oxidative stress induction, cytotoxic, apoptotic inductive, chemosensitizer, antiangiogenic, and antiproliferative effects. In silico study suggests that 5ITD (PI3K) was the best protein with which ponicidin interacts to exert its anticancer effect. In conclusion, ponicidin might be a promising plant‐derived cancer chemotherapeutic agent.
The Indium−Lithium Electrode in Solid‐State Lithium‐Ion Batteries: Phase Formation, Redox Potentials, and Interface Stability
Authors: Santhosha A. L. , Medenbach Lukas , Buchheim Johannes R. , Adelhelm Philipp 
Published: February 2019

AbstractLithium solid‐state batteries (Li‐SSBs) require electrodes that provide a sufficiently stable interface with the solid electrolyte. Due to the often limited stability window of solid electrolytes, researchers frequently favor an In−Li alloy instead of lithium metal as counter electrode for two‐electrode measurements. Maintaining a stable potential at the counter electrode is especially important because three‐electrode measurements are hard to realize in solid‐state cells. Although a constant potential of about 0.6 V vs. Li+/Li is commonly accepted for the In−Li electrode, only little is known about the behavior of this electrode. Moreover, the In−Li phase diagram is complex containing several intermetallic phases/compounds such as the InLi phase, or line compounds such as In4Li5 or In2Li3. This means that the redox potential of the In−Li electrode depends on the alloy composition, i. e. the In/Li ratio. Here, we study the behavior of In−Li electrodes in cells with liquid electrolyte to determine their phase evolution and several equilibrium potentials vs. Li+/Li. The room temperature equilibrium redox potential of the In−Li electrode with the favored composition (or more precisely the Li+/(In−InLi) electrode) is 0.62 V vs. Li+/Li. We then discuss the use of In−Li electrodes in solid state cells using Li3PS4 as solid electrolyte and give examples on the importance of the right In/Li ratio of the electrode. While the right In/Li ratio enables stable lithium insertion/deinsertion in symmetrical cells for at least 100 cycles, too much lithium in the electrode leads to a drop in redox potential combined with a rapid build‐up of interface resistance.
Chlorotoxin targets ERα/VASP signaling pathway to combat breast cancer
Authors: Wang Ying , Li Kai , Han Song , Tian Yi‐hao , Hu Peng‐chao , Xu Xiao‐long , He Yan‐qi , Pan Wen‐ting , Gao Yang , Zhang Zun , Zhang Jing‐wei , Wei Lei 
Published: February 2019

AbstractBreast cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors among women worldwide. About 70‐75% of primary breast cancers belong to estrogen receptor (ER)‐positive breast cancer. In the development of ER‐positive breast cancer, abnormal activation of the ERα pathway plays an important role and is also a key point leading to the failure of clinical endocrine therapy. In this study, we found that the small molecule peptide chlorotoxin (CTX) can significantly inhibit the proliferation, migration and invasion of breast cancer cells. In in vitro study, CTX inhibits the expression of ERα in breast cancer cells. Further studies showed that CTX can directly bind to ERα and change the protein secondary structure of its LBD domain, thereby inhibiting the ERα signaling pathway. In addition, we also found that vasodilator stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP) is a target gene of ERα signaling pathway, and CTX can inhibit breast cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion through ERα/VASP signaling pathway. In in vivo study, CTX significantly inhibits growth of ER overexpressing breast tumor and, more importantly, based on the mechanism of CTX interacting with ERα, we found that CTX can target ER overexpressing breast tumors in vivo. Our study reveals a new mechanism of CTX anti‐ER‐positive breast cancer, which also provides an important reference for the study of CTX anti‐ER‐related tumors.
Comprehensive clinical profiling of the Gauting locoregional lung adenocarcinoma donors
Authors: Klotz Laura V. , Courty Yves , Lindner Michael , Petit‐Courty Agnès , Stowasser Anja , Koch Ina , Eichhorn Martin E. , Lilis Ioannis , Morresi‐Hauf Alicia , Arendt Kristina A. M. , Pepe Mario , Giopanou Ioanna , Ntaliarda Giannoula , Behrend Sabine J. , Oplopoiou Maria , Gissot Valérie , Guyetant Serge , Marchand‐Adam Sylvain , Behr Jürgen , Kaiser Jan‐Christian , Hatz Rudolf A. , Lamort Anne‐Sophie , Stathopoulos Georgios T. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractA comprehensive characterization of lung adenocarcinoma (LADC) clinical features is currently missing. We prospectively evaluated Caucasian patients with early‐stage LADC. Patients with LADC diagnosed between 2011 and 2015 were prospectively assessed for lung resection with curative intent. Fifty clinical, pathologic, radiologic, and molecular variables were recorded. Patients were followed till death/study conclusion. The main findings were compared to a separate cohort from France. Of 1943 patients evaluated, 366 were enrolled (18.8%; 181 female; 75 never‐smokers; 28% of registered Bavarian cases over the study period). Smoking and obstruction were significantly more prevalent in GLAD compared with adult Bavarians (P < 0.0001). Ever‐smoker tumors were preferentially localized to the upper lobes. We observed 120 relapses and 74 deaths over 704 cumulative follow‐up years. Median overall and disease‐free survival were >7.5 and 3.6 years, respectively. Patients aged <45 or >65 years, resected >60 days postdiagnosis, with abnormal FVC/DLCOVA, N2/N3 stage, or solid histology had significantly decreased survival estimates. These were fit into a weighted locoregional LADC death risk score that outperformed pTNM7 in predicting survival in the GLAD and in our second cohort. We define the clinical gestalt of locoregional LADC and provide a new clinical tool to predict survival, findings that may aid future management and research design.
Context‐induced placebo effects—An investigation of contrast effects in response expectations and actual product efficacy
Authors: Köcher Sören , Holzmüller Hartmut H. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractRecent research on the placebo effect of marketing actions has demonstrated that characteristics that are not inherent to a product's physical properties per se, such as its price, brand, or packaging can considerably shape consumers' expectations about and actual efficacy of a marketed product. However, potential contextual effects that other products may have on the construction of consumers' efficacy beliefs and objective consumption outcomes remain unexplored. Across two experimental studies, we show that people's response expectations regarding a focal product are inversely related to the alleged superiority of context options and that such context‐induced expectations can carry over to behavioural performance metrics; a phenomenon we refer to as context‐induced placebo effects.
Flow Regimes of Viscous Immiscible Liquids in T‐Type Microchannels
Authors: Minakov Andrey V. , Shebeleva Anna A. , Yagodnitsyna Anna A. , Kovalev Alexander V. , Bilsky Artur V. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractA computational and experimental study of the flow regimes of a mixture of castor and paraffin oils in a T‐type microchannel with 200 × 400 µm cross section was carried out. The ranges of parallel, slug, droplet, and rivulet flow regimes of the tested mixture were defined. According to the experimental results, a flow regime map was constructed for this mixture depending on the Weber number multiplied by the Ohnesorge number. A correlation of the length of paraffin oil slugs to the fluid flow ratio was established. The experimental data were compared with results of numerical simulation. A good agreement between calculation and experimental data was achieved in terms of reproduction of flow regimes, phase boundaries, and slug length.
Tuning the Intercage Distance in Charge‐Regulated Blackberry‐Type Assemblies through Host–Guest Chemistry
Authors: Li Hui , Wang Ruifu , Hong You‐lee , Liang Zihao , Shen Yidan , Nishiyama Yusuke , Miyoshi Toshikazu , Liu Tianbo 
Published: February 2019

AbstractCharged or neutral adamantane guests can be encapsulated into the cavity of cationic metal–organic M6L4 (bpy‐cage, M=PdII(2,2′‐bipyridine), L=2,4,6‐tri(4‐pyridyl)‐1,3,5‐triazine) cages through hydrophobic interaction. These encapsulations can provide an approach to control the net charge on the resulting cage–guest complexes and regulate their charge‐dominated assembly into hollow spherical blackberry‐type assemblies in dilute solutions: encapsulation of neutral guests will hardly influence their self‐assembly process, including the blackberry structure size, which is directly related to the intercage distance in the assembly; whereas encapsulating negatively (positively) charged guests resulted in a shorter (longer) intercage distance with larger (smaller) assemblies formed. Therefore, the host–guest chemistry approach can be used to tune the intercage distance accurately.
Selective Partial Oxidation of Hydrogen Sulfide by the BrOx Cycle
Authors: Wiesehahn Maximilian , Buzilowski Lisa , Kembügler Thomas , Moghaddam Mahsa , Agar David W. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractNeutralization of the toxic gas hydrogen sulfide is an important step in almost every natural gas processing plant. A novel method for the conversion of hydrogen sulfide is a combination of bromination and oxidation reactions (BrOx). The first of those, the bromination of hydrogen sulfide, is investigated experimentally. An analysis of the potential by‐products reveals that their formation during the reaction can be excluded. Furthermore, a parameter study showed that reaction yields of up to 94 % are achievable by suitable reaction conditions.
Nickel Catalyzed Functionalization of Allenes
Authors: Liu Yang , Bandini Marco 
Published: February 2019

AbstractOver the past few years, nickel catalysis “encountered” allenes in organic transformations, opening direct access to a plethora of chemical scaffolds in straightforward manner. The activation of allenes or their reaction partners by means of [Ni(0)] as well as [Ni(II)] species enabled chemical diversity and complexity to be achieved simultaneously through desirable concepts like selectivity, functional group tolerance and mildness. An overview of the most recent findings in the area is presented herein.
Mural painting with silicate paints – a topic for chemistry and arts
Authors: Hoßfeld Viviane , Lühken Arnim , Bader Hans‐Joachim 
Published: February 2019

AbstractMineralische Wandmalereien lassen sich bis in die frühste Menschheitsgeschichte zurückverfolgen. Die Zusammensetzung der Farben und ihr Auftrag auf einen geeigneten Untergrund wurden fortlaufend weiterentwickelt. Silikatfarben sind eine bedeutungsvolle Entwicklung aus der neueren Zeit. In diesem Beitrag werden die chemischen Grundlagen der Silikatfarben und einfache Experimente zur Einbindung in einen fächerübergreifenden Chemieunterricht vorgestellt.
Increasing incidence of IV‐drug use associated endocarditis in southern West Virginia and potential economic impact
Authors: Bates Mark C. , Annie Frank , Jha Ayan , Kerns Fred 
Published: February 2019

BackgroundThe opioid crisis has disproportionally affected Appalachia. One of the potentially lethal and costly complications associated with IV drug use is infective endocarditis (IE). The goal of this study was to assess the trend and costs of substance abuse associated IE admissions in Southern West Virginia.MethodsThis is a retrospective analysis of cost, incidence, and geographic patterns of all patients admitted over the last decade with concomitant drug abuse (cocaine, amphetamine, sedative, and other/mixed drug abuse) and IE in the largest tertiary care center for Southern West Virginia. A time series model was used to investigate the effect of drug use on the incidence of IE.ResultsA total of 462 patients were hospitalized with IE and concomitant illicit drug use. IE cases increased from 26 admissions in 2008 to 66 in 2015. Patterns of increases in mixed drug use (DRG most often associated with IV drug use in our center) mirrored increases in IE (P = 0.001). From 2008 to 2015, the total hospital charges were $17 306 464 on 462 cases of illicit drug associated IE. Only a fraction of the billed fees (22%) was collected ($3 829 701).ConclusionsThe number of patients hospitalized with IE has dramatically increased over the last decade in a pattern that mirrors the increase in mixed drug use. The majority of payers were from underfunded state programs or private pay and thus, only 22% of the hospital charges were paid, leaving a hospital deficit of over $13 476 763 during the study period.