bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Proposal of initiative service model for service robot
Authors: Hao Man , Cao Weihua , Wu Min , Liu Zhentao , She Jinhua , Chen Luefeng , Zhang Ri 
Published: March 2019

Service robots are becoming a part of today's life. To realise friendly human–robot interaction, an initiative service model for service robot is proposed, which is composed of three layers, i.e. information acquisition layer, in which communication information and environmental information are collected by sensors; decision layer, in which personal intention and emotional states are obtained by multi‐modal emotion recognition and intention understanding, and users' demands are obtained by demand analysis model; initiative service execution layer, in which the task execution and emotion adaption of robot are carried out. Initiative service can sense motive of people, by which a humanised and real‐time service could be realised. Drinking service experiments are performed, including passive service and initiative service of robots. Experimental results show that the drinking time of passive service lags behind the initiative service 30 min on average, and the initiative service renders drinking service 2 times more than passive service on average, besides, the water quantity provided by initiative service is more reasonable, which demonstrates the feasibility of the proposal. In prospect, initiative service model could be applied to many occasions in people's daily life, e.g. family service, caring for the elderly, and medical rehabilitation.
Comparative analysis of solar radio bursts before and during CME propagation
Authors: Dididze G. , Shergelashvili B. M. , Melnik V. N. , Dorovskyy V. V. , Brazhenko A. I. , Poedts S. , Zaqarashvili T. V. , Khodachenko M. 
Published: March 2019

Context. As is well known, coronal mass ejection (CME) propagation often results in the fragmentation of the solar atmosphere on smaller regions of density (magnetic field) enhancement (depletion). It is expected that this type of fragmentation may have radio signatures.
Aims. The general aim of the present paper is to perform a comparative analysis of type III solar and narrow-band type-III-like radio burst properties before and during CME events, respectively. The main goal is to analyze radio observational signatures of the dynamical processes in solar corona. In particular, we aim to perform a comparison of local plasma parameters without and with CME propagation, based on the analysis of decameter radio emission data.
Methods. In order to examine this intuitive expectation, we performed a comparison of usual type III bursts before the CME with narrow-band type-III-like bursts, which are observationally detectable on top of the background type IV radio bursts associated with CME propagation. We focused on the analysis of in total 429 type III and 129 narrow-band type-III-like bursts. We studied their main characteristic parameters such as frequency drift rate, duration, and instantaneous frequency bandwidth using standard statistical methods. Furthermore, we inferred local plasma parameters (e.g., density scale height, emission source radial sizes) using known definitions of frequency drift, duration, and instantaneous frequency bandwidth.
Results. The analysis reveals that the physical parameters of coronal plasma before CMEs considerably differ from those during the propagation of CMEs (the observational periods 2 and 4 with type IV radio bursts associated with CMEs). Local density radial profiles and the characteristic spatial scales of radio emission sources vary with radial distance more drastically during the CME propagation compared to the cases of quasistatic solar atmosphere without CME(s) (observational periods 1 and 3).
Conclusions. The results of the work enable us to distinguish different regimes of plasma state in the solar corona. Our results create a solid perspective from which to develop novel tools for coronal plasma studies using radio dynamic spectra.
A novel fourth-order WENO interpolation technique
Authors: Janett Gioele , Steiner Oskar , Alsina Ballester Ernest , Belluzzi Luca , Mishra Siddhartha 
Published: March 2019

Context. Several numerical problems require the interpolation of discrete data that present at the same time (i) complex smooth structures and (ii) various types of discontinuities. The radiative transfer in solar and stellar atmospheres is a typical example of such a problem. This calls for high-order well-behaved techniques that are able to interpolate both smooth and discontinuous data.
Aims. This article expands on different nonlinear interpolation techniques capable of guaranteeing high-order accuracy and handling discontinuities in an accurate and non-oscillatory fashion. The final aim is to propose new techniques which could be suitable for applications in the context of numerical radiative transfer.
Methods. We have proposed and tested two different techniques. Essentially non-oscillatory (ENO) techniques generate several candidate interpolations based on different substencils. The smoothest candidate interpolation is determined from a measure for the local smoothness, thereby enabling the essentially non-oscillatory property. Weighted ENO (WENO) techniques use a convex combination of all candidate substencils to obtain high-order accuracy in smooth regions while keeping the essentially non-oscillatory property. In particular, we have outlined and tested a novel well-performing fourth-order WENO interpolation technique for both uniform and nonuniform grids.
Results. Numerical tests prove that the fourth-order WENO interpolation guarantees fourth-order accuracy in smooth regions of the interpolated functions. In the presence of discontinuities, the fourth-order WENO interpolation enables the non-oscillatory property, avoiding oscillations. Unlike Bézier and monotonic high-order Hermite interpolations, it does not degenerate to a linear interpolation near smooth extrema of the interpolated function.
Conclusion. The novel fourth-order WENO interpolation guarantees high accuracy in smooth regions, while effectively handling discontinuities. This interpolation technique might be particularly suitable for several problems, including a number of radiative transfer applications such as multidimensional problems, multigrid methods, and formal solutions.
H/C elemental ratio of the refractory organic matter in cometary particles of 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko
Authors: Isnard R. , Bardyn A. , Fray N. , Briois C. , Cottin H. , Paquette J. , Stenzel O. , Alexander C. , Baklouti D. , Engrand C. , Orthous-Daunay F.-R. , Siljeström S. , Varmuza K. , Hilchenbach M. 
Published: March 2019

Context. Because comets are part of the most primitive bodies of our solar system, establishing their chemical composition and comparing them to other astrophysical bodies gives new constraints on the formation and evolution of organic matter throughout the solar system. For two years, the time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometer COmetary Secondary Ion Mass Analyzer (COSIMA) on board the Rosetta orbiter performed in situ analyses of the dust particles ejected from comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko (67P).
Aims. The aim is to determine the H/C elemental ratio of the refractory organic component contained in cometary particles of 67P.
Methods. We analyzed terrestrial and extraterrestrial calibration samples using the COSIMA ground-reference model. Exploiting these calibration samples, we provide calibration lines in both positive and negative ion registration modes. Thus, we are now able to measure the cometary H/C elemental ratio.
Results. The mean H/C value is 1.04 ± 0.16 based on 33 different cometary particles. Consequently, the H/C atomic ratio is on average higher in cometary particles of 67P than in even the most primitive insoluble organic matter extracted from meteorites.
Conclusions. These results imply that the refractory organic matter detected in dust particles of 67P is less unsaturated than the material in meteorites.
Long uninterrupted photometric observations of the Wolf-Rayet star EZ CMa by the Toronto BRITE satellite reveal a very fast apsidal motion
Authors: Schmutz W. , Koenigsberger G. 
Published: March 2019

Context. The variability of the Wolf-Rayet star EZ CMa has been documented for close to half a century, and a clear periodicity of ∼3.7 days is established. However, all attempts to prove that it is a binary have failed because the photometric, spectroscopic, and polarimetric variations are not coherent over more than a few orbital cycles.
Aims. In this Letter we show that the lack of coherence in the variability can be explained with a very rapid apsidal motion in a binary orbit.
Methods. We measured the times of minima in a recently published exceptionally long photometric light curve obtained by the Toronto BRITE satellite. The apsidal motion and the system eccentricity are determined from the length of the time intervals between these minima, which alternate in their duration, following a pattern that is clearly associated with apsidal motion. These minima are superposed on brightness enhancements of the emission from a shock zone, which occur at about the times of periastron phases.
Results. We determine the orbital periodicity, Pa = 3.63 d, and the period of the apsidal motion, U ≃ 100 d, which together yield an average sidereal period of Ps = 3.77 d. The eccentricity is found to be close to 0.1. The rate of periapsis retreat changes significantly over the period of observation and is determined to be −16° P−1a at the beginning of the observing period and −10° P−1a at the end.
Conclusions. We demonstrate that by introducing a fast apsidal motion, the basic photometric variability is very well explained. The binary nature of EZ CMa is now established. This might imply that other apparently single Wolf-Rayet stars that emit hard X-rays, similar to EZ CMa, are also binaries.
Old and young stellar populations in DustPedia galaxies and their role in dust heating
Authors: Nersesian A. , Xilouris E. M. , Bianchi S. , Galliano F. , Jones A. P. , Baes M. , Casasola V. , Cassarà L. P. , Clark C. J. R. , Davies J. I. , Decleir M. , Dobbels W. , De Looze I. , De Vis P. , Fritz J. , Galametz M. , Madden S. C. , Mosenkov A. V. , Trčka A. , Verstocken S. , Viaene S. , Lianou S. 
Published: March 2019

Aims. Within the framework of the DustPedia project we investigate the properties of cosmic dust and its interaction with stellar radiation (originating from different stellar populations) for 814 galaxies in the nearby Universe, all observed by the Herschel Space Observatory.
Methods. We take advantage of the widely used fitting code CIGALE, properly adapted to include the state-of-the-art dust model THEMIS. For comparison purposes, an estimation of the dust properties is provided by approximating the emission at far-infrared and sub-millimeter wavelengths with a modified blackbody. Using the DustPedia photometry we determine the physical properties of the galaxies, such as the dust and stellar mass, the star-formation rate, the bolometric luminosity, the unattenuated and the absorbed by dust stellar light, for both the old (> 200 Myr) and young (≤200 Myr) stellar populations.
Results. We show how the mass of stars, dust, and atomic gas, as well as the star-formation rate and the dust temperature vary between galaxies of different morphologies and provide recipes to estimate these parameters given their Hubble stage (T). We find a mild correlation between the mass fraction of the small a-C(:H) grains with the specific star-formation rate. On average, young stars are very efficient in heating the dust, with absorption fractions reaching as high as ∼77% of the total unattenuated luminosity of this population. On the other hand, the maximum absorption fraction of old stars is ∼24%. Dust heating in early-type galaxies is mainly due to old stars, up to a level of ∼90%. Young stars progressively contribute more for “typical” spiral galaxies and they become the dominant source of dust heating for Sm-type and irregular galaxies, with ∼60% of their luminosity contributing to that purpose. Finally, we find a strong correlation of the dust heating fraction by young stars with morphology and the specific star-formation rate.
Penismetastase eines Speicheldrüsenkarzinoms der Zungenbasis: Ein Fallbeispiel
Authors: Tischler Tamara , Trenti Emanuela , Basciu Maria , Hanspeter Esther , Pycha Armin , Kafka Mona , Comploj Evi 
Published: March 2019

ZusammenfassungWir berichten über einen 64-jährigen Patienten mit einer Penismetastase zehn Jahre nach Erstdiagnose eines polymorphen Adenokarzinoms der kleinen Speicheldrüsen der Zungenbasis. Unserer Kenntnis gibt es bis dato nur zwei in der Literatur beschriebene Fälle.
Trends in der Prävalenz von Demenz und Parkinson – Eine Analyse auf Basis aller gesetzlich versicherten Personen im Alter 65+in Deutschland zwischen 2009 und 2012
Authors: Nerius Michael , Ziegler Uta , Doblhammer Gabriele , Fink Anne 
Published: March 2019

ZusammenfassungZiel Durch die Bevölkerungsalterung wird es einen Anstieg von Personen mit Demenz (DEM) und der Parkinson-Krankheit (PD) geben. Für eine verlässliche Public-Health-Planung ist es Ziel dieser Studie, Prävalenzen und Trends von Prävalenzen von DEM und PD für Deutschland zu ermitteln.Methodik Für die Jahre 2009 bis 2012 wurden auf Basis einer Vollerhebung der Daten der gesetzlichen Krankenversicherungen (GKVs) geschlechtsspezifische Periodenprävalenzen für fünfjährige Altersgruppen von DEM und PD berechnet. Zeittrends wurden mittels einer negativen Binomialregression geschätzt.Ergebnisse Im Jahr 2012 und Alter 65+lag die rohe Prävalenz für DEM bei 7,9% und für PD bei 2,2%. Zwischen 2009 und 2012 war ein durchschnittlicher Rückgang der DEM-Prävalenz für über 65-jährige Frauen und Männer um 1,2% pro Jahr zu verzeichnen. Für PD finden wir gleichbleibende Raten zwischen 2009 und 2012 für Männer und einen Rückgang von 0,5% pro Jahr bei den Frauen.Schlussfolgerung Eine Reduzierung der DEM-Prävalenz von 1,2% pro Jahr kann dem Anstieg der Personen mit DEM aufgrund der Bevölkerungsalterung in den kommenden Jahren zumindest teilweise entgegenwirken. Bei PD hingegen zeichnet sich derzeit nur bei den Frauen eine Reduktion der Prävalenz ab.
On-site comparison of an enzymatic detergent and a non-enzymatic detergent-disinfectant for routine manual cleaning of flexible endoscopes
Authors: Gonzalez Jonathan , Vanzieleghem Thomas , Dumazy Axelle , Meuris Christelle , Mutsers Jacques , Christiaens Genevieve , Leclercq Philippe , Loly Jean-Philippe , Louis Edouard , Gast Pierrette 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Background and study aims Flexible endoscopes are potential vectors of pathogen transmission to patients that are subjected to cleaning and high-level disinfection after each procedure. Efficient manual cleaning is a prerequisite for effective high-level disinfection. The goal of this study was to demonstrate the impact of the cleaning chemistry in the outcome of the manual cleaning of endoscopes.
Materials and methods Twelve endoscopes were included in this study: four colonoscopes, four gastroscopes, two duodenoscopes and two bronchoscopes. This study was designed with two phases; in each of them, the manual cleaning procedure remained identical, but a different detergent was used: a non-enzymatic detergent-disinfectant (NEDD) and an enzymatic detergent (ED). Biopsy and suction channels of endoscopes were sampled using 10 mL of physiological saline at two points: before and after manual cleaning, and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) was measured on each sample. In total, 208 procedures were analyzed for the NEDD phase and 253 for the ED phase.
Results For each endoscope type, cleaning endoscopes with ED resulted in larger median decrease in ATP than with NEDD: respectively 99.43 % and 95.95 % for bronchoscopes (P = 0.0007), 99.28 % and 96.93 % for colonoscopes (P < 0.0001) and 98.36 % and 95.36 % for gastroscopes (P < 0.0001). In addition, acceptability rates of endoscopes based on defined post-manual cleaning ATP thresholds (200, 150, 100 or 50 relative light units) for all endoscope types were significantly higher with ED compared to NEDD.
Conclusions With all other parameters of manual cleaning remaining unchanged, the enzymatic chemistry of ED provided more consistent and improved cleaning of endoscopes compared to NEDD. Therefore, choice of the detergent for endoscope cleaning has an impact on the outcome of this process.
Preoperative endoscopic predictors of severe submucosal fibrosis in colorectal tumors undergoing endoscopic submucosal dissection
Authors: Kaosombatwattana Uayporn , Yamamura Takeshi , Limsrivilai Julajak , Nakamura Masanao , Leelakusolvong Somchai , Hirooka Yoshiki , Goto Hidemi 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Background and study aims Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) enables en bloc removal of colorectal neoplasms regardless of size. Submucosal fibrosis is a significant factor for technical difficulty and poor outcomes. We assessed the predictive factors for severe submucosal fibrosis and the ESD outcomes.
Patients and methods Patients undergoing ESD from January 2006 to September 2017 were retrospectively reviewed. The degree of submucosal fibrosis was classified into three types: no fibrosis (F0), mild fibrosis (F1), and severe fibrosis (F2). F0 and F1 cases were grouped as non-severe fibrosis for comparison with the severe fibrosis group. Predictors of severe submucosal fibrosis and ESD outcomes were evaluated.
Results ESD was performed in 524 lesions (60 % male; mean age, 67.8 years). Eighty lesions with severe fibrosis (15.3 %) were observed. The overall en bloc resection rate and curative resection rate were 94.3 % and 77.7 %, respectively. Rates of en bloc resection (91.2 % vs. 94.8 %, P = 0.2) and perforation (7.5 % vs. 5.6 %, P = 0.45) were no different between severe fibrosis and non-severe fibrosis groups. However, incidences of non-curative resection and low resection speed were significantly higher in the severe fibrosis group. Among protruding lesions, tumor height and volume were significantly greater in the severe counterparts. A diameter ≥ 40 mm, endoscopic finding of the tumor beyond fold, and fold convergence were independent risk factors for severe fibrosis.
Conclusions Severe submucosal fibrosis is a significant risk factor for non-curative resection and a long procedural time. Tumor size and morphology might help to predict the severity of fibrosis.
Arztgesundheit: Was macht uns krank – Was hält uns gesund?
Authors: Braun Jörg , Jocham Dieter 
Published: March 2019

ZusammenfassungDer Arztberuf ist besonders gesundheitsgefährdend. Innere Gründe hierfür sind verbreitete Selbstdiagnostik und Selbsttherapie, der Präsentismus (Arbeiten trotz Krankheit), erhöhte Risiken für Suchterkrankungen und Suizid. Äußere Gründe sind Infektionskrankheiten, Gewalt gegen Heilberufler, die u. a. aufgrund der Ökonomisierung zunehmend schwierigen Arbeitsbedingungen und das Posttraumatische Belastungssyndrom. Es wird daher zunehmend nötig, sich proaktiv um die eigene Gesundheit zu kümmern. Die wissenschaftliche Auseinandersetzung mit der Problematik Arztgesundheit belegt als typische zugrunde liegende Mechanismen den häufig hohen Selbstanspruch und die mangelnde Selbstfürsorge von Ärzten und Ärztinnen. U.a. diese Ansatzpunkte und verfügbare Programme (kognitiv-emotionale Reflektion, Stressmanagement, Entspannungs-Praktiken, Konfliktlösung, Achtsamkeit, Priming, Framing, Meditation, Embodiment u. a.) zur Stärkung der Resilienz Betroffener eröffnen Möglichkeiten für die Optimierung der Salutogenese der im Gesundheitswesen Beschäftigten. Der Übersichtsartikel stellt die Zusammenhänge und Konzepte für die Stärkung der Resilienz bei Heilberuflern dar.
Association between endoscopic findings of eosinophilic esophagitis and responsiveness to proton pump inhibitors
Authors: Sawada Akinari , Hashimoto Atsushi , Uemura Risa , Otani Koji , Tanaka Fumio , Nagami Yasuaki , Yamagami Hirokazu , Tanigawa Tetsuya , Watanabe Toshio , Fujiwara Yasuhiro 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Background and study aims Endoscopic findings of esophageal eosinophilia sometimes localize to small areas of the esophagus. A previous study suggested that pathogenesis of localized-type eosinophilic esophagitis (LEoE) was associated with acid reflux. However, LEoE treatment outcomes have not been studied. We aimed to analyze the clinical and histologic significance of LEoE in comparison with diffuse-type eosinophilic esophagitis (DEoE).
Patients and methods This study included 106 patients with esophageal eosinophilia. Esophageal eosinophilia was defined as a condition where the maximum number of intraepithelial eosinophils was ≥ 15 per high-power field. LEoE was defined as an endoscopic lesion confined to one-third of the esophagus: upper, middle, or lower. Esophageal eosinophilia encompassing more than two-thirds of the esophagus was defined as DEoE. We retrospectively compared LEoE and DEoE in terms of clinical characteristics, histologic findings, and proportion of proton pump inhibitor (PPI) responders.
Results Of 106 patients, 12 were classified as having LEoE and 94 were classified as having DEoE. The proportion of asymptomatic patients was significantly higher in the LEoE group than the DEoE group (42 % vs 7 %, P < 0.01). In the LEoE group, 10 patients (84 %) had endoscopic lesions in the lower esophagus. The maximum number of eosinophils did not differ between the groups (54 [24 – 71] for LEoE, 40 [20 – 75] for DEoE, P = 0.65). The prevalence of PPI responders was significantly higher in the LEoE group than the DEoE group (100 % vs 63 %, P = 0.01).
Conclusion LEoE can be a sign of good responsiveness to PPI therapy.
Hemodynamic Comparison of Sutureless and Rapid-Deployment Valves with Conventional Bioprostheses
Authors: Gotzmann Max , Wilbring Manuel , Charitos Efstratios , Treede Hendrik , Silaschi Miriam 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Background Sutureless and rapid-deployment bioprostheses (RPDs) are advantageous due to shorter aortic cross-clamp times (ACCs); however, few studies have investigated hemodynamic outcomes in comparison to conventional bioprostheses (CBs).
Methods All patients receiving the Perceval (LivaNova, London, United Kingdom) and Intuity (Edwards Lifesciences, Irvine, California, United States) valves from February 2016 to December 2017 were included (n = 61). For controls, patients who underwent aortic valve replacement using CB from 2015 to 2018 (n = 743) were propensity-matched (n = 108). Primary end points were mean gradient at discharge, true internal diameter (ID) after implantation, and paravalvular leakage. Secondary end points were ACCs, cardiopulmonary bypass times (CPBTs), mortality, and pacemaker implantation.
Results Age was 73.2 years (standard deviation [SD]: 7.6) in the RPD group and 72.9 years (SD: 7.3) in the CB group (p = 0.827). Median logistic EuroSCORE II was 3.4% (Q1: 2; IQ3: 5.3) and 3% (Q1: 1.9; IQ3: 5.6; p = 0.599). While ACCs and CPBT were shorter in RPDs (97 [SD: 31.4] vs. 125.4 minutes [SD: 62.1], p = 0.003; and 76.1 [SD: 25.7] vs. 89.7 minutes [SD: 34.3], p = 0.022), procedural times were similar (p = 0.257). True ID was 21.97 mm (SD: 1.79) in RPDs and 20.15 mm (SD: 1.70) in CB (p < 0.001).RPDs and CB resulted in comparable mean gradients (12.8 mm Hg [SD: 6.4] vs. 13.8 mm Hg [SD: 5.6]; p = 0.387) and rate of paravalvular regurgitation. There were no differences in the rates of pacemaker implantation and mortality.In a subanalysis of RPDs, mean gradient was 15.48 mm Hg (SD: 7.51) in Perceval (n = 21) and 10.79 mm Hg (SD: 4.78) in Intuity (n = 33; p = 0.010).
Conclusions RPDs provided comparable hemodynamic performance, although implanted valves were larger in true ID. Whether this provides superior hemodynamic performance during exercise and longer durability needs further investigation. Among RPDs, the Intuity valve provided lower mean gradients at rest than Perceval valve.