bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Atomistic Peptide Folding Simulations Reveal Interplay of Entropy and Long-Range Interactions in Folding Cooperativity
Authors: Chen Jianlin , Liu Xiaorong , Chen Jianhan 
Published: September 2018

AbstractUnderstanding how proteins fold has remained a problem of great interest in biophysical research. Atomistic computer simulations using physics-based force fields can provide important insights on the interplay of different interactions and energetics and their roles in governing the folding thermodynamics and mechanism. In particular, generalized Born (GB)-based implicit solvent force fields can be optimized to provide an appropriate balance between solvation and intramolecular interactions and successfully recapitulate experimental conformational equilibria for a set of helical and β-hairpin peptides. Here, we further demonstrate that key thermodynamic properties and their temperature dependence obtained from replica exchange molecular dynamics simulations of these peptides are in quantitative agreement with experimental results. Useful lessons can be learned on how the interplay of entropy and sequentially long-range interactions governs the mechanism and cooperativity of folding. These results highlight the great potential of high-quality implicit solvent force fields for studying protein folding and large-scale conformational transitions.
Curcumin alleviates postprandial glycaemic response in healthy subjects: A cross-over, randomized controlled study
Authors: Thota Rohith N. , Dias Cintia B. , Abbott Kylie A. , Acharya Shamasunder H. , Garg Manohar L. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractIn the current study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of a single dose of curcumin and/or fish oil on postprandial glycaemic parameters in healthy individuals. This was a randomised, placebo-controlled and crossover study. Sixteen (n = 16) volunteers were randomised to receive placebo, curcumin (180 mg) tablets, fish oil (1.2 g long chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids) capsules and curcumin + fish oil prior to a standard meal on 4 test days separated by a week. Blood glucose, serum insulin and triglycerides were measured at intervals between 0–120 min. Difference between the treatments was measured using two-way repeated measures analysis of variance and pair-wise comparisons using Wilcoxon signed-rank or paired t-test as appropriate. Postprandial glucose concentrations were significantly lower in the curcumin (60.6%, P = 0.0007) and curcumin + fishoil group (51%, P = 0.002) groups at 60 min from baseline. Compared with placebo, area under the curve (AUC) for change in blood glucose concentration was reduced by curcumin (36%, P = 0.003) and curcumin + fishoil (30%, 0.004), but not fish oil alone (p = 0.105). Both curcumin (P = 0.01) and curcumin + fishoil (P = 0.03) treatments significantly lowered postprandial insulin (AUC) by 26% in comparison with placebo. Curcumin, but not fish oil, reduces postprandial glycaemic response and insulin demand for glucose control.
Both trait-neutrality and filtering effects are validated by the vegetation patterns detected in the functional recovery of sand grasslands
Authors: Török P. , Matus G. , Tóth E. , Papp M. , Kelemen A. , Sonkoly J. , Tóthmérész B. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractNeutral theory of species assembly means that species assembly is governed by stochastic dispersal processes and fluctuations in established populations. An alternative theory suggests that assembly is strongly determined by functional trait filtering governed by abiotic and biotic filtering selecting species from the local species pool. To test these assumptions, in the current paper we analysed vegetation changes in the first 12 years of succession after heavy goose grazing on acidic sand. With trait-based analyses using permanent plots we addressed the following hypotheses: (i) High fluctuations in the trait values are typical in the first years; later a temporally divergent change in the trait patterns of sites with different vertical position became characteristic. (ii) In the functional diversity of regenerative and vegetative traits we expected different temporal patterns. We confirmed the first hypothesis, as in the first few years most traits displayed high fluctuations with no clear patterns. Our findings weakly supported the second hypothesis; while there were distinct patterns detected in the functional richness of traits, functional divergence and evenness displayed no clear distinctive patterns. We can conclude that both trait neutrality and filtering effects operate in the vegetation changes of the first period of secondary succession.
Subcritical transition to turbulence in accretion disc boundary layer
Authors: Zhuravlev V. V. , Razdoburdin D. N. 
Published: September 2018

Context. Enhanced angular momentum transfer through the boundary layer near the surface of weakly magnetised accreting star is required in order to explain the observed accretion timescales in low-mass X-ray binaries, cataclysmic variables, or young stars with massive protoplanetary discs. The accretion disc boundary layer is locally represented by incompressible homogeneous and boundless flow of the cyclonic type, which is linearly stable. Its non-linear instability at the shear rates of the order of the rotational frequency remains an issue.
Aims. We put forward a conjecture that hydrodynamical subcritical turbulence in such a flow is sustained by the non-linear feedback from essentially three-dimensional vortices, which are generated by quasi-two-dimensional trailing shearing spirals grown to high amplitude via the swing amplification. We refer to those three-dimensional vortices as cross-rolls, since they are aligned in the shearwise direction in contrast to streamwise rolls generated by the anti-lift-up mechanism in rotating shear flow on the Rayleigh line.
Methods. Transient growth of cross-rolls is studied analytically and further confronted with direct numerical simulations (DNS) of the dynamics of non-linear perturbations in the shearing box approximation.
Results. A substantial decrease of transition Reynolds number RT is revealed as one changes a cubic box to a tall box. DNS performed in a tall box show that RT as a function of shear rate accords with the line of constant maximum transient growth of cross-rolls. The transition in the tall box has been observed until the shear rate is three times higher than the rotational frequency, when RT ∼ 50 000.
Conclusions. Assuming that the cross-rolls are also responsible for turbulence in the Keplerian flow, we estimate R
T ≲ 108 in this case. Our results imply that non-linear stability of Keplerian flow should be verified by extending turbulent solutions found in the cyclonic regime across the solid-body line rather than entering a quasi-Keplerian regime from the side of the Rayleigh line. The most favourable shear rate to test the existence of turbulence in the quasi-Keplerian regime may be sub-Keplerian and equal approximately to 1/2.
Duration of a ”Brown-Like” Phenotype of White Adipose Tissue Induced by the β3 Agonist CL-316,243
Authors: Danysz Wojciech , Jinlai Kang , Li Fugang 
Published: September 2018

Abstract“Browning” i. e. the transformation of white adipose tissue into brown-like adipose tissue could induce efficient burning of excess fat reserves via induction of non-shivering thermogenesis. For example, activation of ß3 adrenergic receptors has been show to induce such changes, however, it is still not clear, how long after termination of such a treatment, beneficial effects might be maintained. To address this question, we treated rats s.c. for 2 weeks with the ß3 agonist CL-316,243 at 1 mg/kg and assessed interscapular brown fat and inguinal white fat pads weight, UCP-1 (a marker for the brown-like fat phenotype) using immunohistochemistry and H&E staining, at different intervals after treatment termination.One 1 day after the treatment cessation there was a decrease of inguinal white fat pad weight and increase of interscapular fat pad. This change vanished at 7 days for inguinal pad and at 14 days for interscapular pad. Histological analysis of interscapular pads showed increased UCP-1 staining and brown-like morphology in H&E staining slices at 1 day, but not other time points. In case of inguinal pad there were brown-like features in H&E slices at 1 day and less after 7 days, but absent at 14 days. UCP-1 staining was only detected 1 day after the treatment.In conclusion, the present results indicate that browning-like changes of white fat may be short lasting after treatment termination and could require maintenance treatment of inductor to achieve desired therapeutic effect. This might be a serious shortcoming of potential therapeutic use.
The Needs of Women and Healthcare Providers regarding Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Information, Resources, and Education: A Systematic Search and Narrative Review
Authors: Tassone Eliza , Teede Helena , Dokras Anuja , Garad Rhonda , Gibson-Helm Melanie 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThis article aims to identify and summarize the information, resource, and education needs of women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and their healthcare providers. A systematic search of peer-reviewed, primary research literature was conducted. A total of 4,230 articles were identified, duplicates were removed, as well as the title and abstract of 2,819 studies and the full texts of 123 studies were screened against predetermined inclusion criteria. Findings from 35 included studies are described narratively. Main outcome measures include women's perceived needs for, and experiences of, PCOS care and information; healthcare providers' delivery of PCOS care and information; and healthcare providers' perceived needs for PCOS information, education programs, or professional development. There is a wealth of literature informing how PCOS information, education, and resources can better meet the needs of women, and about the role women expect healthcare providers to play in providing information within optimal PCOS care. However, few studies evaluate how well existing resources meet women's diverse needs. There is growing indirect evidence about the information and education needed by healthcare providers to provide best-practice PCOS care. However, little research has directly investigated healthcare providers' information needs or efficacy of PCOS-specific educational programs for healthcare providers. PCOS resources for women should be comprehensive, evidence-based, include the bio-psychosocial dimensions of the condition, and available through a variety of modes. The range of healthcare providers that women may seek care from need resources to support consistent use of the recommended diagnostic criteria, effective recommendation of lifestyle management, and early detection and treatment of symptoms and complications.
Economic crisis and mental health – findings from low- and middle income countries
Authors: Koesters M. , Weinmann S. 
Published: September 2018

Summary
Background: There is consistent evidence of an inverse relationship between poverty and mental health. However, the influence of economic crises on mental health is not well studied and there are very few data particularly from low- and middle income countries (LAMICs). This review discusses theories and views on the impact of economic crises on mental health in LAMICs and reports the results of two empirical studies. Result: It appears that relative deprivation and the social and psychological meaning of deep changes in the economic situation of a person, a family or a group, have a greater effect on mental health than just material circumstances and unemployment.
Economic crisis and mental health – findings from Spain
Authors: Masedo Gutierrez A. I. , Moreno-Küstner B. 
Published: September 2018

Summary
Objective: Recent studies have begun to look at the impact of the economic crisis on mental health. This paper tries to summarize the most important findings with regard to effects of the economic crisis on mental health in Spain on the basis of a comprehensive literature review. Results: Most of the studies agree on the negative consequences on mental health of the Spanish economic crisis. A decrease in self-perceived mental health, an increase of depression and anxiety and an increase in consumption of antidepressant and anxiolytic drugs is observed during the economic crisis. The consequences of the economic crisis differ by sub-groups. Empirical Spanish studies have shown different effects of the recession on mental health depending of individuals’ socioeconomic position and educational level. Among immigrants and especially men, unemployed people and low-salary employees, the prevalence of poor mental health was higher after the economic crisis. Higher levels of education act as a protective factor against the deterioration of mental health following the economic crisis. Conclusion: The economic crisis has had negative effects on mental health in Spain, and further studies in this area could help provide useful information with a view to improving the mental health status of the Spanish population.
Ohne Evidenzbasierung: Vier Tipps zur Behandlung von Menschen mit depressiven Erkrankungen
Authors: Hegerl U. 
Published: September 2018

ZusammenfassungVier bei der Behandlung von Patienten mit depressiven Störungen hilfreiche praktische Vorgehensweisen werden vorgestellt. 1) Für die Vermittlung eines Krankheitskonzeptes, das psychosoziale und neurobiologische Aspekte in ein komplementäres Verhältnis bringt, wird das Bild einer Medaille mit zwei Seiten empfohlen. 2) Die Bedeutung der semantischen Unterscheidung zwischen Müdigkeit im Sinne von Schläfrigkeit versus Müdigkeit im Sinne von Erschöpfung mit Ein- und Durchschlafstörungen sowie von Antriebsarmut versus Antriebshemmung wird dargelegt. 3) Die mögliche depressiogene Wirkung des Schlafes und sich daraus ergebende Konsequenzen für das Selbstmanagement der Patienten werden diskutiert. 4) Die Geschwindigkeit des Krankheitsbeginns einer depressiven Episode als wichtiger klinischer Hinweis auf eine mögliche, bisher unentdeckte Bipolarität wird dargestellt.
Schematherapie bei Persönlichkeitsstörungen
Authors: Erkens N. , Faßbinder E. , Schaich A. 
Published: September 2018

ZusammenfassungDie Schematherapie (ST) wurde ursprünglich von Jeffrey Young entwickelt um Patienten mit chronischen psychischen Störungen zu helfen, die von klassischer kognitiver Verhaltenstherapie nicht ausreichend profitierten. Mittlerweile zählt ST zu den wichtigsten evidenzbasierten Therapiemethoden für Patienten mit Persönlichkeitsstörungen. Dieser Artikel bietet einen kurzen Überblick über die Theorie der ST und die aktuelle Forschungslage. Außerdem werden Techniken und Besonderheiten der ST an Hand eines Fallbeispiels erläutert.
Anhaltende Trauerstörung
Authors: Znoj H. 
Published: September 2018

ZusammenfassungAuch wenn die Bezeichnung noch uneinheitlich ist, so herrscht doch Konsens darüber, dass es Trauerzustände gibt, die nicht von selbst besser werden oder sich sogar noch über die Zeit intensivieren können. Die Symptome unterscheiden sich nicht wesentlich von den Zuständen intensiver Trauerreaktionen. Im Artikel werden Symptome aufrecht erhaltende Mechanismen beschrieben. Dabei wird auch auf Diagnosekriterien eingegangen. Weiter werden Risikofaktoren beschrieben und es wird auf spezifische Prinzipien und Wirkfaktoren psychologischer Interventionen eingegangen. Trauer ist eine biologisch angelegte Reaktion auf den Verlust einer gebundenen Person (enge Verwandtschaft, Partner). Insofern können bei anhaltenden Problemen die Prinzipien therapeutischen Handelns auch auf getrennte, aber nicht verstorbene Personen angewendet werden.
Microbial production of neryl-α-d-glucopyranoside from nerol by Agrobacterium sp. M-12 reflects glucosyl transfer activity
Authors: Takahashi Kazuki , Terauchi Issei , Ono Marie , Satoh Hiroshi , Ueda Makoto 
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACT
Terpene alcohol is widely used in perfumes and is known to possess antibacterial activity. Moreover, in its glycosylated form, it can be applied as a nonionic surfactant in food, and in the pharmaceutical, chemical, cosmetic, and detergent industries. Presently, chemical production of terpene glucosides is hampered by high costs and low yields. Here, we investigated the microbial glucosylation of nerol (cis-3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-ol), a component of volatile oils, by Agrobacterium sp. M-12 isolated from soil. A microbial reaction using washed cells of Agrobacterium sp. M-12, 1 g/L of nerol, and 100 g/L of maltose under optimal conditions yielded 1.8 g/L of neryl-α-d-glucopyranoside after 72 h. The molar yield of neryl-α-D-glucopyranoside was 87.6%. Additionally, we report the successful transglucosylation of other monoterpene alcohols, such as geraniol, (-)-β-citronellol, and (-)-linalool, by Agrobacterium sp. M-12. Thus, microbial glucosylation has potential widespread applicability for efficient, low-cost production of glycosylated terpene alcohols.
Development and Validation of Social Motivation Questionnaire
Authors: Gong Xianmin , Seaman Kendra L , Fung Helene H , Loeckenhoff Corinna , Lang Frieder R 
Published: September 2018

Abstract

Background and Objectives
Information-seeking (IS) and emotion-regulatory (ER) motivation play meaningful roles in age-related changes in social interaction across adulthood. This study aimed to develop and validate the Social Motivation Questionnaire (SMQ) to assess these two types of motivation.

Research Design and Methods
Ten items were selected from a pool as the candidate items of SMQ and were administered to 480 German adults (20–91 years old) for validation. These items were also administered to 150 U.S. (18–40 years old) and 131 Hong Kong younger adults (18 to 26 years old) for cultural-invariance examination.

Results
Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses showed that a two-factor, eight-item structure fits the German adults’ data well with satisfactory reliability. Multigroup comparisons showed cross-age invariance among younger, middle-aged, and older German adults, as well as cross-cultural invariance among German, U.S., and Hong Kong younger adults.

Discussion and Implications
A new questionnaire, SMQ, was developed and validated to measure IS and ER social motivation across adulthood and across cultures.
Alveolar Soft-Part Sarcoma of the Tongue
Authors: Alegría-Landa Victoria , Lora Viviana , Cota Carlo , Kutzner Heinz , Requena Luis 
Published: September 2018

Abstract:
Alveolar soft-part sarcoma is a rare neoplasm of unknown histogenesis that accounts for less than 1% of all soft-tissue sarcomas. The tumor is highly vascularized with small vascular spaces separating nests of cells, and from cytogenetic point of view, is characterized by chromosome rearrangement der(17)t(X:17)(p11:q25) that results in the ASPL-TFE3 translocation. It can occur at any age, but it is most common between 15 and 35 years of age. The prognosis is poor, despite the relatively slow growth of the tumor. We present here an atypical case of alveolar soft-part sarcoma in which the age of the patient, the location, and the histopathologic characteristics of the lesion represented a diagnostic challenge.
Indocyanine Green Fluorescence Angiography and the Incidence of Anastomotic Leak After Colorectal Resection for Colorectal Cancer: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Shen Renhui , Zhang Ye , Wang Tong 
Published: September 2018

BACKGROUND:
Anastomotic leak is a life-threatening complication of colorectal surgery. Recent studies showed that indocyanine green fluorescence angiography might be a method to prevent anastomotic leak.

OBJECTIVE:
The purpose of this study was to investigate whether intraoperative indocyanine green fluorescence angiography can reduce the incidence of anastomotic leak.

DATA SOURCES:
Potential relevant studies were identified from the following databases: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure.

STUDY SELECTION:
This meta-analysis included comparative studies investigating the association between indocyanine green fluorescence angiography and anastomotic leak in patients undergoing surgery for colorectal cancer where the diagnosis of anastomotic leak was confirmed by CT and the outcomes of the indocyanine green group were compared with a control group.

INTERVENTION:
Indocyanine green was injected intravenously after the division of the mesentery and colon but before anastomosis.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:
The Newcastle–Ottawa Scale was used to assess methodologic quality of the studies. ORs and 95% CIs were used to assess the association between indocyanine green and anastomotic leak.

RESULTS:
In 4 studies with a total sample size of 1177, comparing the number of anastomotic leaks in the indocyanine green and control groups, the ORs were 0.45 (95% CI, 0.18–1.12), 0.30 (95% CI, 0.03–2.98), 0.17 (95% CI, 0.01–3.69), and 0.12 (95% CI, 0.03–0.52). The combined OR was 0.27 (95% CI, 0.13–0.53). The difference was statistically significant (p < 0.001), and there was no significant heterogeneity (p = 0.48; I2 = 0).

LIMITATIONS:
Data could not be pooled because of the small number of studies; some differences between studies may influence the results. Also, the pooled data were not randomized.

CONCLUSIONS:
The result revealed that indocyanine green was associated with a lower anastomotic leakage rate after colorectal resection. However, larger, multicentered, high-quality randomized controlled trials are needed to confirm the benefit of indocyanine green fluorescence angiography.
Life After Surgery: Surgeon Assessments of Quality of Life Among Patients With Familial Adenomatous Polyposis
Authors: Dossa Fahima , Morris Arden M. , Wilson Amy R. , Baxter Nancy N. 
Published: September 2018

BACKGROUND:
Without prophylactic surgery, patients with familial adenomatous polyposis are at high risk for colorectal cancer development. Various surgical options for prophylaxis are available. Patient decision-making for preventative treatments is often influenced by the preferences of healthcare providers.

OBJECTIVE:
We determined surgeon preferences for the surgical options available to patients with familial adenomatous polyposis.

DESIGN:
We obtained preference estimates for postoperative health states from colorectal surgeons who had treated ≥10 patients with familial adenomatous polyposis.

SETTINGS:
Assessments were made at an annual meeting of the American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:
Utilities were measured through the time trade-off method. We determined utilities for 3 procedures used for prophylaxis, including total proctocolectomy with permanent ileostomy, colectomy with ileorectal anastomosis, and total proctocolectomy with IPAA. We also assessed utilities for 2 short-term health states: 90 days with a temporary ileostomy and 2 years with a poorly functioning ileoanal pouch.

RESULTS:
Twenty-seven surgeons who had cared for >1700 patients with familial adenomatous polyposis participated in this study. The highest utility scores were provided for colectomy with ileorectal anastomosis (0.98). Lower utility scores were provided for total proctocolectomy with permanent ileostomy (0.87) and IPAA (0.89). The number of patients with familial adenomatous polyposis who were treated by participating surgeons did not influence these estimates; however, more-experienced surgeons gave lower utility scores for a poorly functioning ileoanal pouch than less-experienced surgeons (0.15, 0.50, and 0.25 for high-, medium-, and low-volume surgeons; p = 0.02).

LIMITATIONS:
This study was limited by the sample size.

CONCLUSIONS:
For patients with familial adenomatous polyposis and relative rectal sparing, surgeon preferences are greatest for colectomy with ileorectal anastomosis. Utility estimates provided by this study are important for understanding surgical decision-making and suggest a role for ileorectal anastomosis in appropriately selected patients. See Video Abstract at http://links.lww.com/DCR/A656.