bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Procesos criminales a instancia de parte privada. Apuntes sobre su praxis en el Real Consell Criminal valenciano en época de Felipe II
Authors: Hernández-Fernández Maria Dolores 
Published: June 2019

Resumen: El presente trabajo indaga sobre las posibilidades de conocer el proceso criminal valenciano a través del estudio de los procesos instados por particulares ante el Real Consell Criminal de la Real Audiencia valenciana. El estudio de la praxis de la justicia del rey en el Real Consell Criminal puede aportar datos interesantes, más allá del conocimiento del proceso criminal valenciano o del funcionamiento de la justicia de la Real Audiencia, también sobre el funcionamiento de la justicia criminal en el Antiguo Régimen en general.

Palabras clave: Real Consell criminal, proceso criminal, demanda, avocación, sagraments

Abstract: The present work explores the possibilities of knowing the valencian criminal process through the study of processes urged by individuals on the Real Consell Criminal of the Real Audiencia valenciana. The study of the justice praxis of the king in the Real Consell Criminal can provide interesting data, beyond the knowledge of the Valencian criminal process or the functioning of the justice of the Real Audiencia, also on the operation of criminal justice in the Old Order in general.

Keywords: Real Consell criminal, criminal process, demand, avocación, sagraments
Estrogen receptor 1 gene polymorphisms (PvuII and XbaI) are associated with type 2 diabetes in Palestinian women
Authors: Ereqat Suheir , Cauchi Stéphane , Eweidat Khaled , Elqadi Muawiyah , Nasereddin Abedelmajeed 
Published: June 2019

Background
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a multifactorial disease where both genetic and environmental factors contribute to its pathogenesis. The PvuII and XbaI polymorphisms of the estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1) gene have been variably associated with T2DM in several populations. This association has not been studied in the Palestinian population. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the association between the PvuII and XbaI variants in the ESR1 and T2DM and its related metabolic traits among Palestinian women.

Methods
This case–control study included 102 T2DM and 112 controls in which PvuII and XbaI variants of the ESR1 gene were genotyped using amplicon based next generation sequencing (NGS).

Results
Allele frequencies of both PvuII and XbaI variants were not significantly different between patients and control subjects (P > 0.05). In logestic regression analysis adjusted for age and BMI, the ESR1 PvuII variant was associated with risk of T2DM in three genotypic models (P < 0.025) but the strongest association was observed under over-dominant model (TT+CC vs. TC) (OR = 2.32, CI [1.18–4.55] adjusted P = 0.013). A similar but non-significant trend was also observed for the ESR1 XbaI variant under the over-dominant model (AA+GG vs. AG) (OR = 2.03, CI [1.05–3.95]; adjusted P = 0.035). The frequencies of the four haplotypes (TA, CG, CA, TG) were not significantly different in the T2DM patients compared with control group (P > 0.025). Among diabetic group, an inverse trend with risk of cardio vascular diseases was shown in carriers of CG haplotype compared to those with TA haplotype (OR = 0.28, CI [0.09–0.90]; adjusted P = 0.035). Further, stratified analyses based on ESR1 PvuII and XbaI genotypes revealed no evidence for association with lipid levels (TC, TG, HDL, LDL).

Conclusions
This is the first Palestinian study to conclude that ESR1 PuvII and XbaI variants may contribute to diabetes susceptibility in Palestinian women. Identification of genetic risk markers can be used in defining high risk subjects and in prevention trials.
Rapid Pathological Characterisation of Deightoniella torulosa by Artificial Inoculation of Three Varieties of Banana and Plantain
Authors: Brahima Camara , Sorho Fatogoma , Moussa Diarrassouba , Daouda Koné 
Published: June 2019

Aims: Banana and plantain contribute to food security in Côte d'Ivoire. However, one of the major difficulties arising in its production remains parasitic constraints causing the loss of production. Among these constraints, leaf diseases cause more damage.
Methodology: This study was initiated to analyse the nature of host-pathogen interactions (resistance or sensitivity) between the fungus Deightoniella torulosa and certain varieties of banana and plantain in Côte d'Ivoire. The pathogenicity of the fungus was measured from artificial inoculation on leaf fragments that were kept alive on a specific culture medium in Petri dishes. This medium consisted of agar amended with Benzimidazole. Leaf’ fragments that survived inoculation of spore suspensions, exhibited the characteristic symptoms of the fungus Deightoniella torulosa. The impact of the fungus on the degradation of chlorophyll was noted.
Results: The results showed that the strains of Deightoniella torulosa have a pathogenic activity on the banana trees. The concentration of 75 μM of Benzimidazole incorporated into the survival medium can be used for inoculation tests on leaf fragments.
Conclusion: The Grande Naine cultivar could be used as a control indicator for D. torulosa.
Volatile Oil Composition of Some Commercial Medicinal Plants Sold in Konya, Turkey
Authors: Tulukcu Eray 
Published: June 2019

This study was conducted to determine the essential oil composition of some medicinal plants from herbalists that local community have interest in; The research was carried out in the Medicinal Plants Laboratory of Konya, in 2014 – 2015. The medicinal plants used in the research were supplied by herbalists and wholesalers who supply medicinal plants in Konya. At the end of this study, essential oil composition of medicinal plants ranged from 0.71 % (Daphne) to 5% (Thyme). The lavender essential oil composition ranged between 2% and 5%, while the composition of thyme essential oil ranged between 1% and 5%. There are several reasons for the change observed in the essential oil content of medicinal plants. In general, the effect of difference in the proportion of essential oils of the medicinal plants used in the study was as a result of the difference in regions, domestically and abroad where these plants were collected.
Comparative Assessment of Phytochemical Content and Antioxidant Potential of Azadirachta indica and Parquetina nigrescens Leaves
Authors: Airaodion Augustine Ikhueoya , Olatoyinbo Peace Olaoluwa , Ogbuagu Uloaku , Ogbuagu Emmanuel O. , Akinmolayan Joanne Dada , Adekale Olukunle Abraham , Awosanya Olaide Oladimeji , Agunbiade Aanu Paul , Oloruntoba Abiodun Paul , Obajimi Olajumoke Oluwaseun , Adeniji Adenike Rebecca , Airaodion Edith Oloseuan 
Published: June 2019

Aim: The aim of this study is to compare the phytochemical content and antioxidant potential of Azadirachta indica and Parquetina nigrescens leaves.
Study Design: This study was made to fit a one way Analysis of Variance.
Place and Duration of Study: This research was carried out in Premedical Science Department, Educational Advancement Centre, Ibadan and Pharmaceutical Laboratory of the University of Ibadan, Nigeria between January and June, 2018.
Methodology: Both plants were harvested from the botanical garden, University of Ibadan. The qualitative and quantitative analyses as well as antioxidant potential of both plants were investigated.
Results: The result of the qualitative analysis showed that both plants contained variety of phytochemicals. The quantitative analyses showed that these phytochemicals were present in different concentrations. The concentration of phytate and total phenolics were significantly higher in A. indica when compared with those of P. nigrescens respectively at P<0.05. It was also observed that A. indica had lower concentrations in alkaloids, saponin, flavonoids and tannin when compared with those of P. nigrescens respectively. Also tested were antioxidants (ascorbic acid, DPPH and FRAP). The concentration of ascorbic acid was significantly higher in A. indica when compared with that of P. nigrescens at P<0.05. α,α-diphenyl-β-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging potential of A. indica and P. nigrescens was investigated respectively at different concentrations with A. indica having the higher radical scavenging potential. The scavenging potential of DPPH was found to increase with increasing concentration of the extracts.
Conclusion: Result of this study showed that both plants are rich in phytochemicals and possess antioxidant potential. Hence, they might act as prophylactic and remedy for different diseases, such as cancer, atherosclerosis, obesity, etc. Parquetina nigrescens might be more potent than Azadirachta indica in acting as a remedy for different diseases.
Optimization of IBA for Efficient Survival of Micropropagated Garcinia indica Choisy Shoots Using in-vitro and ex-vitro Rooting Techniques
Authors: Mulik Gauri , Manvi Shubha , Ingale Gauri , Parasharami Varsha A. 
Published: June 2019

Aims: The study focuses on optimization of concentration and time of rooting hormone exposure of IBA (Indole-3-Butyric Acid) for efficient survival of tissue culture raised Garcinia indica Choisy plantlets for in-vitro and ex-vitro rooting techniques.
Study Design: The subcultured microshoots of Garcinia indica were subjected to in-vitro and ex-vitro rooting trials by treating them with IBA of varying concentration and time, to standardize these particular parameters required by this auxin to induce rooting.
Place and Duration of Study: Rooting trials were carried out in Plant tissue culture-Biochemical Sciences Division of CSIR- National Chemical Laboratory, Pune 411008 between June 2018 and April 2019.
Methodology: Regularly subcultured five to six years old shoots from female trees of Garcinia indica were used for the study. Various concentrations of IBA in correlation with time were used for in-vitro and ex-vitro root induction. The rooted plantlets were then transferred to polyhouse for acclimatization and will further be planted in open field locations in June 2019.
Results: Induction of rooting was observed within thirty days of treatment with IBA. It was observed that 500ppm of IBA gave 30% rooting for in-vitro rooting trials whereas 2000ppm of IBA induced 80% rooting for shoots given ex-vitro rooting treatments. An interesting phenomenon that was observed for 70% of the shoots which failed to induce rooting by in-vitro treatment was that they survived with 100% rooting success under ex-vitro rooting conditions. The hardened plantlets were successfully acclimatized in the polyhouse with survival rate of 90% and were further transferred to polythene bags with rooting mixtures of sand: farmyard manure: coco peat (1:1:2). These plantlets have been healthy for the last 6 to 9 months and will be transported for field trials in June 2019.
Conclusion: Ex-vitro rooting technique was found to be more effective than in-vitro rooting. Thus, by optimizing the rooting hormone parameters, female plants of Garcinia indica can be successfully grown using tissue culture technology and can be propagated in large numbers to increase the female plant number in plantations.
Retracted: Wogonoside promotes apoptosis in gastric cancer AGS and SGC‐7901 cells through induction of mitochondrial dysfunction and endoplasmic reticulum stress
Authors: Hu Xiao‐Miao , Xiang Jin‐Jian , Xiao Bao‐Lai , Huang Ying‐Fei , Xie Jian‐Ping 
Published: June 2019

Wogonoside (Wg), a natural flavonoid, has anticancer effects against several human cancers. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the antitumor effects and underlying mechanisms of Wg on gastric cancer (GC) cell lines. We report that Wg treatment inhibited cell viability and induced apoptosis in human GC cell lines AGS and SGC‐7901, and also retarded GC tumor growth in xenograft mice in vivo. We also found that the Wg exerted its antitumor effects against GC cells via induction of reaction oxygen species accumulation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and endoplasmic reticulum stress. Furthermore, C/EBP homologous protein knockdown inhibited apoptosis and increased the viability of Wg‐treated GC cells. Our findings may facilitate the development of novel therapeutic agents for the treatment of GC.
Two Birds with One Stone: Metal–Organic Framework Derived Micro‐/Nanostructured Ni2P/Ni Hybrids Embedded in Porous Carbon for Electrocatalysis and Energy Storage
Authors: Liu Xiaobin , Li Wenxin , Zhao Xudong , Liu Yongchang , Nan Ce‐Wen , Fan Li‐Zhen 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe construction of bifunctional electrode materials for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) has been a hot topic of research. Herein, metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) derived micro‐/nanostructured Ni2P/Ni hybrids with a porous carbon coating (denoted as Ni2P/Ni@C) are prepared using a feasible pyrolysis–phosphidation strategy. On the one hand, the optimal Ni2P/Ni@C catalyst exhibits superior HER performance with a low overpotential of 149 mV versus a reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE) at 10 mA cm−2 and excellent durability. The density functional theory computations verify that the strong synergistic effect between Ni2P and Ni could optimize the electronic structure, thus rendering the enhanced electrocatalytic performance. On the other hand, the Ni2P/Ni@C electrode displays a reversible capacity of 597 mAh g−1 after 1000 cycles at 1000 mA g−1 and improved rate capability as an anode for LIBs, owing to the well‐organized micro‐/nanostructure and conductive Ni core. In addition, the electrochemical reaction mechanism of the Ni2P/Ni@C electrode upon lithiation/delithiation is investigated in detail via ex situ X‐ray powder diffraction and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy methods. It is expected that the facile and controllable approach can be extended to fabricate other MOF‐based metal phosphides/metal hybrids for electrochemical energy storage and conversion systems.
Synthesis of Monofluoromethyl Selenoethers of Aryl and Alkyl from Organoselenocyanate via One‐Pot Reaction
Authors: Cao Yuan , Jiang Lvqi , Yi Wenbin 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe first practical and feasible approach for the monofluoromethylselenolation of aryl and alkyl halides via one‐pot multistep synthesis using KSeCN and ICFH2 is described. Good yields and broad functional group compatibility were obtained. The successful preparation of monofluoromethylselenolated drug‐like compounds good practicability of this method. This protocol offered a number of new monofluoromethyl selenoethers, which would accelerate the use of such compounds in the areas of life science.magnified image
Recent Considerations in the Application of RAPTA‐C for Cancer Treatment and Perspectives for Its Combination with Immunotherapies
Authors: Rausch Magdalena , Dyson Paul J. , Nowak‐Sliwinska Patrycja 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe organometallic ruthenium(II) [Ru(arene)Cl2PTA] PTA ‐ 1,3,5‐triaza‐7‐phosphaadamantane compound, RAPTA‐C, represents an innovative anti‐cancer therapeutic and a better‐tolerated alternative to platinum (Pt)‐based chemotherapeutic drugs in the treatment of cancer. RAPTA‐C exhibits anti‐metastatic, anti‐angiogenic, and anti‐tumoral activities through protein and histone–deoxyribonucleic acid alterations. In comparison to other ruthenium‐based drugs, which have been recently evaluated in clinical trials, RAPTA‐C is strikingly competitive, especially when administered in combination with other targeted drugs. In this review, the uniqueness of RAPTA‐C as an anti‐cancer chemotherapeutic compared to metal‐based drugs under clinical evaluation and those approved by the Food and Drug Administration is emphasized; specifically, comparing the application of RAPTA‐C to platinum‐based drugs, for example, cisplatin and oxaliplatin, as well as to prominent ruthenium‐based compounds, such as NAMI‐A imidazolium‐trans‐tetrachloro(dimethylsulfoxide) imidazoleruthenium(III) and trans‐[tetrachlorobis (1Hindazole) ruthenate(III)] (KP1019)/(N)KP1339 (N)KP1339 ‐ sodium. Additionally, the possible correlation between RAPTA‐C and immune response modulation, as well as potential applications of RAPTA‐C in combination with immune therapeutic regimens, is highlighted.
Pressureless Crystallization of Glass for Transparent Nanoceramics
Authors: Wen Shaofei , Wang Yunpeng , Lan Bijiao , Zhang Weida , Shi Zhuo , Lv Shichao , Zhao Yujun , Qiu Jianrong , Zhou Shifeng 
Published: June 2019

AbstractTransparent nanoceramics embedded with highly dense crystalline domains are promising for applications in missile guidance, infrared night vision, and laser and nuclear radiation detection. Unfortunately, current nanoceramics are strictly constrained by the stringent construction procedures such as super‐high pressure and containerless processing. Here, a pressureless crystallization engineering strategy in glass for elaboration of transparent nanoceramics and fibers is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. By intentional creation of a sharp contrast between nucleation and growth rates, the crystal growth rate during glass crystallization can be significantly suppressed. Importantly, this unique phase‐transition habit enables the achievement of transparent nanoceramics and even smooth fibers with extremely tiny crystalline size (≈20 nm) and high crystallinity (≈97%) under atmospheric pressure. This allows the generation of an attractive nonlinear optical response such as dynamic optical filtering and luminescence in the mid‐infrared waveband of 4300–4950 nm. These findings highlight that the strategy to switch the phase‐transition habit of glass into the unconventional crystallization regime may provide new opportunities for the creation of next‐generation nanoceramics and fibers.
On the ability of chromatographic mass balance to predict solute diffusivity in drug delivery systems
Authors: Rossi Filippo , Masi Maurizio 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe ability to predict the drug diffusion coefficient within hydrogel‐based drug delivery devices has a pivotal role in the design of these materials. In the last years, many mathematical models have been developed, but they often rely on fitted parameters with a consequent limitation in terms of prediction. Indeed, they are mainly centered on the pure Fickian diffusion together with degradation and swelling contributions. However, especially with a drug concentration typical of pharmacological treatments, several other mechanisms such as drug–polymer and drug–drug interactions cannot be neglected. In this work, we checked the ability of a simple mathematical model to estimate diffusion coefficients of drugs loaded within hydrogel considered as a chromatographic stationary phase. Mathematical modeling satisfactorily matched with different sets of literature data proving that our assumptions are able to describe the key phenomena governing the device's behavior.
Palladium‐Catalysed Cross‐Coupling Reactions for the Synthesis of Chalcones
Authors: Rullah Kamal , Mohd Aluwi Mohd Fadhlizil Fasihi , Yamin Bohari M. , Juan Joon Ching , Wai Lam Kok 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIn this Minireview, we discuss some of the important palladium‐catalysed cross‐coupling reactions utilised in the synthesis of the enone system of chalcones. Examples given here not only exemplify the efficiency and practicality of new C−C bond formation of the enone system via palladium‐catalysed reactions but also reflect some of the revolutionary methods used for the preparation of a more complex and valuable chalcone scaffold which is known to be a privileged structure in the field of medicinal chemistry.
State of the planet
Authors: Brenner Logan 
Published: June 2019

AbstractEarth is a dynamic planet, with warm and cool periods comprising its detailed climate history. We can find sudden shifts between these phases in the past; however, from the geological time scale perspective, for a transition to be abrupt, it occurs over millennia. In modern times, we are faced with a much faster rate of change, at least an order of magnitude faster than the transition from the last glacial period, about 20,000 years ago. Modern temperature rise is also accompanied by rising greenhouse gases, which are major contributors to climate change. Atmospheric CO2, a major greenhouse gas, is increasing about 100 times faster than it did during the last deglaciation. This CO2 input can be traced back to human activities and is a necessary piece to the global warming puzzle. The following details the current state of climate on Earth as well as some projections for future conditions. With the scientific outline of our changing climate, we can better understand our roles as contributors and individual and collective responsibility to mitigate these impacts.
Picroside II Protects SH‐SY5Y Cells From Autophagy and Apoptosis Following Oxygen Glucose Deprivation/Reoxygen Injury by Inhibiting JNK Signal Pathway
Authors: Wang Tingting , Zhu Lin , Liu Hongling , Yu Guoyi , Guo Yunliang 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTTo explore the neuroprotective effect of picroside (Picr) II on C‐Jun NH2‐terminal kinase (JNK) signal pathway after oxygen glucose deprivation/reoxygen (OGD/R) in SH‐SY5Y cells. In vitro, SH‐SY5Y cells were used to establish the OGD/R model, which was divided into the control group, model group, Picr group, and SP600125 (SP) group. Cellular viability was measured by CCK8. Cytotoxicity was assessed with LDH assay kit. Ad‐GFP‐mRFP‐LC3 was used to monitor autophagosome and autolysosome. Apoptoic cells were detected by Annexin V‐FITC/PI apoptosis detection kit. The expressions of phospho‐JNK and phospho‐c‐Jun were determined by western blot (WB) and immunofluorescence. The expressions of phospho‐MKK4, phospho‐Bcl‐2, Bax, Beclin‐1, and LC3 I/II were determined by WB. In the control group, only limited apoptosis and autophagy was observed, and the expression of associated proteins was very low. After OGD/R, the cellular viability of SH‐SY5Y cells was reduced, whereas the cytotoxicity, apoptosis, and autophagy were increased, accompanied with an increase of phospho‐MKK4, phospho‐JNK, phospho‐c‐Jun, phospho‐Bcl‐2, LC3 II, Beclin‐1, and Bax. During the reoxygen, treatment with Picr II or SP600125 could strengthen the cellular viability of SH‐SY5Y cells, but repress the cytotoxicity, apoptosis, autophagy, and the expressions of associated protein. OGD/R could induce apoptosis and autophagy of SH‐SY5Y cells by activating JNK signal pathway. Picr II could protect SH‐SY5Y cells from autophagy and apoptosis following OGD/R by inhibiting JNK signal pathway. Anat Rec, 302:2245–2254, 2019. © 2019 American Association for Anatomy
Enhancing dynamic operation optimization feasibility for constrained model predictive control systems
Authors: Qi Xiaowen , Li Shaoyuan , Zheng Yi 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThis paper addresses a novel model predictive control algorithm for tracking to achieve an optimal operation for discrete‐time linear systems. The soft constraints characterizing the desired system performance are adjusted to solve the infeasibility problems caused by the original constraints. In this method, based on the principle of steady‐state error and constraints violation minimization, we firstly optimize the transition steady‐state with refined terminal invariant set, and slack variables as well as consider the dynamic constraints of the state constraints. Two types of soft constraints and slack variables are introduced to adjust state constraints online so that the MPC is feasible. Then, a dynamic optimization problem is solved which employs the constraints with minimum slack variables and takes the resulted steady‐state as the temporary target in current control period. The proposed method is able to minimize the violation of constraints and provides more potential to improve the control performance. Besides, the recursive feasibility and closed‐loop stability can be guaranteed by the combination of the new soft constraints adjustment method and tracking scheme. Finally, simulations at different circumstances prove the efficiency of the proposed method.