bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pancreatic Beta-Cell Proliferation Induced by Estradiol-17β is Foxo1 Dependent
Authors: Shaklai Sigal , Grafi-Cohen Meital , Sharon Orli , Sagiv Nadav , Shefer Gabi , Somjen Dalia , Stern Naftali 
Published: May 2018

AbstractEstradiol-17β (E2) and the Foxo1 transcription factor have each been implicated in the regulation of β-cell proliferation. Interaction between Foxo1and estrogen receptor alpha (ERα), effecting cell cycle, has been demonstrated in breast cancer cells, but has not been studied thus far in β-cells. Using human islets and the INS1-E β-cell line, this study investigated the contribution of Foxo1 to E2-mediated β-cell replication. Foxo1 expression was knocked down in INS1-E cells using siRNA and Foxo1 activity was inhibited in human islets with a specific Foxo1 inhibitor (AS1842856). Cells were treated with E2 and the ERα agonist PPT and evaluated for proliferation by 3[H]-thymidine incorporation and for transcriptional activity through the estrogen response element by the luciferase assay. As Foxo1 activity is regulated by post-translational modifications, the effect of E2 on phosphorylation was also assessed. In INS1-E cells, knock down of Foxo1 abrogated the proliferative response to E2 and PPT. In human islets, inhibition of Foxo1 abrogated E2-mediated proliferation and attenuated the response to PPT. Foxo1 knock down and inhibition reduced activity through the estrogen response element by 25% (p<0.05) and 50% (p<0.01) respectively, in INS1-E cells. E2 increased Foxo1 phosphorylation in a time dependent manner in INS1-E and human islets (p<0.01, p<0.05, respectively). These findings suggest that Foxo1 is involved in E2-mediated proliferation in INS1-E cells and human islets. This may have implications vis-à-vis variations in circulating endogenous E2 concentrations in diabetes.
Is Normal Coronary Arteries on Coronary Angiogram Truly Benign?
Authors: Garre Indrani , Nallagasu Raju , Nemani Lalita , Devaraju Sreebhushanraju , V. Narendrakumar , Kakamanu Neeraja 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Background Heart disease is the leading cause of death in the world, and coronary angiography (CAG) is the standard test for detection of critical diseases. Nearly 25% patients undergoing angiography are found to have normal coronary arteries (NCAs). Recent publications say that the follow-up of the NCA patients is not benign.
Aim The main objective of this study is to know outcomes of patients diagnosed with normal coronaries on conventional angiograms.
Methods This is a single-center observational study. The authors collected the data of patients who came for CAG to their institute from January 1 to December 31, 2014. They included the patients who have normal coronaries in this study. The indication to do the CAG is chest pain (angina) for evaluation. The authors contacted every patient telephonically to know the outcomes after 2 years of CAG. The telephonic data were collected either from patients or from attendants by asking the questionnaire about the present status of patients.
Results The authors collected the data of 1,526 patients who underwent the CAG during study period. Out of 1,526 patients, 201 patients with mean age of 52.45 ± 10.7 years met the inclusion criteria; 108 (53.73%) were hypertensives and 57 (28.36%) were diabetic. Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) was the presenting symptom in 28 (13.9%) of patients; the remaining patients presented with chronic stable angina (CSA). Left ventricular (LV) dysfunction was present in 15 (7.5%) of patients. At the 2-year follow-up, 12 (5.9%) patients were symptomatic, and out of them, 7 died (mortality 3.5%).The binary logistic regression showed that only blood urea (BU) was determinant factor for mortality (p = 0.022). Even LV dysfunction (p = 0.39) was not a contributor for mortality. A subanalysis of gender also showed similar findings (male, p = 0.02; female, p = 0.05).
Conclusion In angina patients with NCA on CAG, the BU showed statistical significance for morality. This is true even on further sex-based analysis (male, p = 0.02; female, p = 0.05). This study helps understand that even the people with normal coronaries, they may have the symptomatic outcomes, not only because of coronaries and also with other associated diseases.
Right Atrial Thrombus Mimicking Myxoma
Authors: Nemani Lalita , Killi Satish 
Published: May 2018

AbstractRight atrial mass could be a tumor, thrombus, or vegetation, and it often poses a diagnostic dilemma. Accurate diagnosis is crucial to planning the correct management strategy. However, despite the advanced and sophisticated diagnostic modalities available, differentiating intracardiac masses could still be challenging. Clinical presentation leads to the appropriate conduit of investigations, and histopathology is confirmatory. When the diagnostic dilemma persists even after all efforts, clinical scenario should be strongly reconsidered, especially in unique clinical settings before concluding a diagnosis. In this article, the authors describe the case of a young woman with history of peripheral arterial thrombosis, who underwent surgical excision of a right atrial mass diagnosed as right atrial myxoma. She later presented with massive pulmonary embolism and deep vein thrombosis of the lower limbs. In view of her extensive thrombotic history, her entire case was reviewed including the histopathology slides, and the diagnosis of right atrial thrombus was considered and confirmed. On further workup for thrombotic state, she was found to have protein C deficiency.
Ursachen, Diagnostik und Behandlung der Malassimilation
Authors: Schröder Torsten , Kistenmacher Alina , Smollich Martin , Sina Christian 
Published: May 2018

AbstractPatients with malassimilation suffer from disturbed exploitation of available nutrients, which can affect macro- and micronutrients. Malassimilation can be subdivided in maldigestion and malabsorption. Many different disorders, especially gastrointestinal diseases, can lead to malassimilation. The wide variety of differential diagnoses necessitates big diagnostic as well as financial efforts in order to assure good clinical care. This review provides an overview on diagnostic as well as therapeutic processes of patients with malassimilation and gives practical advice for their physicians and therapists.
English presentative semantic patterns as seen through a parallel translation corpus
Authors: Malá Markéta , Brůhová Gabriela 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe present paper studies the English presentative semantic pattern whose function is to introduce a new phenomenon into the discourse, relating it to an already established location. A contrastive (English-Czech) cross-linguistic corpus-assisted approach is applied to explore syntactically diverse forms which represent the same presentative semantic pattern: ‘location – presentation verb – new phenomenon’. We focus on English sentences in which the location is expressed syntactically as the subject. The English constructions with a locative subject were detected as translation counterparts of Czech sentence-initial locative adverbials realized by prepositional phrases. Our study demonstrates that the potential of the sentence to introduce a new phenomenon in discourse is primarily based on the semantics of the verb.
Hajj: the movement and behaviour of crowds.
Authors: Qurashi J. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract

This chapter discusses the challenges faced by pilgrimages during the Hajj ritual. These range from the internal directions and challenges of Hajj movements from a religious perspective to local services being offered by the Saudi government. Moreover, by logical extension, how psychological and physical factors, and the physics of crowd behaviour impact the mega-movement of the Hajj are also discussed. Also examined is the role of different simulation models that can observe movements and crowd behaviour.
Meshworks, entanglements and presencing absence: pilgrimages, eastern Free State-style.
Authors: Plooy S. du 
Published: May 2018

Abstract

Scholars working from a culturalistic position are adamant that people give meaning and make meaning; they inscribe on to what Ingold (2010b, p. 126) calls hard surfaces the cognitive and symbolic ascriptions needed to construct social reality. Two foundational assumptions underpinning this locality of thinking are: (i) there is a unilinear directionality to impacting, and people do all the impacting, constructing and ascribing; one could say that humans are therefore the only agents of construction; and (ii) arguments are formulated as if the cognitive thought-spark is always the genesis of meaning. I believe, however, that by applying ethnographic evidence gleaned from domestic pilgrimages to sacred sites in the eastern Free State, South Africa, I will demonstrate that landscapes, dreamscapes and personscapes are inextricably entangled and not simply inscribed by human agents as advocates of the culturalistic perspective propose. I am arguing that three incorporated domains, landscapes, dreamscapes and personscapes, in the context of pilgrimages, are non-linear, multi-dimensional and often unpredictably interconnected as they come into existence. Five years of ethnographic fieldwork to and at the sacred sites of Mautse, Motouleng and Mantsopa have left no doubt as to the animacy of the sites, these pilgrimages and occasional and more permanent site users. Landscapes, dreamscapes and personscapes are pilgrimage meshworks.
Pilgrim writers in dialogue.
Authors: Beek S. van der 
Published: May 2018

Abstract

Since the end of the last century, the Camino to Santiago de Compostela has become one of the most prominent manifestations of contemporary Western pilgrimage. The rapid increase in pilgrim numbers has led to a rapidly increasing number of pilgrim narratives. These stories, both on and by pilgrims, provide an interesting insight into the ideas and experiences of the modern pilgrim, for they touch upon a great variety of different themes that play a role in the making of a pilgrimage. What is more, the popularization of the internet has provided pilgrims with new forms of private and public storytelling. These techniques have not only increased the number of narratives that are produced, but they have also created a platform for a variety of different writers who create their narratives with different objectives in mind. The present chapter aims to structure the fast-growing body of pilgrim narratives by identifying three types of pilgrim writers: (i) the personal; (ii) the institutional; and (iii) the forgotten. This typology will be based upon the different relations that pilgrim writers have with the narratives they produce. However, as the chapter will show, no writer is the complete master of their own stories, and all three types of writer remain in a constant, deliberate dialogue with their fellow writers. The dynamics of this dialogue are lively and creative and form an important element in the construction of contemporary pilgrimage.
Richard Burton: disguise as journey to the self and beyond.
Authors: Aateka Khan Aateka Khan 
Published: May 2018

Abstract

This chapter interrogates the act of pilgrimage as undertaken by the celebrated British Haji, Richard Burton, in 1853, and recounted in the Personal Narrative of a Pilgrimage to Mecca and Medina, a work he penned shortly after. What motivated Burton to undertake such an enterprise? Glory? Adventure? Curiosity? Perhaps it was an eagerness to appease imperial authorities to further his career. Probably one can never know the truth (not even of one's own self), but I attempt this interrogation of pilgrimage from a postcolonial consciousness, which I find deplorably under-represented in studies on Burton. By bringing to bear in this discourse a voice from the other side of the fence, I hope to enrich the understanding of the pilgrimage adventure that Burton undertook and to draw attention to anomalies in Burton's narrative that have been, not surprisingly, glossed over. Most writers on Burton fail to question his claim that disguise as a Muslim other, with the paraphernalia of cultural markers, was a prerequisite to performing the Hajj. This chapter shall offer an alternative reading, countering the widespread Eurocentric acceptance of this claim and supported by a close textual analysis. Another interesting aspect of the pilgrimage that will be explored is the peculiar role that Burton played by embarking on a pilgrimage funded by imperial Britain, yet displaying the ability to surpass the restrictive view of Islam which such an orientalist enterprise would encourage.
'Non-sacred' no more: the pilgrimage path Crucán na bPáiste and the re-evaluation of Irish cultural practices.
Authors: Quin E. M. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract

In Ireland, cillíní ('mini cemeteries' or 'angel plots') were designated as 'non-sacred' places where infants and young children who had died without baptism were laid to rest. Since Medieval times, these 'holy angels' were denied burial in Roman Catholic cemeteries. Not having been properly baptized, the Church insisted they had no rights to sacred burial. Since the mid-1990s, a reconsideration of this position has surfaced, and in certain places, pilgrimages to cillíní have been undertaken in order to restore dignity to those whose familial loss was aggravated by Church fiat. In certain places, 'non-sacred' graves have been opened and their remains reinterred in family plots. In County Mayo, a place called Crucán na bPáiste (The Burial Place of the Children) typifies how one community made its cillín sacred. Boundaries were demarcated and a walkway created. A plaque highlighting the site's significance was erected, and a song by the same name in the Irish language was published on YouTube©. Drawing upon the insights of sociologist Pierre Bourdieu, historian Brian Stock, anthropologist Ian McIntosh and others, this chapter examines how the re-evaluation of unbaptized children's graves forms part of a larger trend taking place in Ireland today in which poems, songs and traditional genres like the agallamh beirte (dialogue in verse) function to expose some of the abuses inflicted by clerics and colonials alike. Their excesses include suppressing the death lament or keen (an caoineadh) and 'blaming the victim' for the precipitation of the Great Irish Famine (aka An Gorta Mór, 1845-1852). Exposing such overreaches of authority has enabled many Irish people to heal their communities and themselves. In terms of the latter, the chapter concludes by examining how the author of the song 'Crucán na bPáiste' found personal healing by harking to the message of the newly sacralized site.
The Future Generations Ride of the Lakota Sioux.
Authors: Greenia G. D. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract

On 29 December 1890, an unanticipated but malicious massacre of Lakota Sioux took place near Wounded Knee Creek in South Dakota. In advance of the centenary of this tragedy in 1990, a commemorative midwinter horseback ride was organized by members of the Lakota Nation who are now largely confined to reservations and suffer from a poverty rate of 50% and an unemployment rate of 70%. The modern trek was staged intuitively from the outset as a pilgrimage event, commemorative in nature and as a solemn procession to a site of mourning, much as secular pilgrims visit sites like the Atocha train station in Madrid, Guernica in the north of Spain or Ground Zero in New York. The Big Foot Memorial Ride concluded annually on the anniversary of the tragedy and covered some 200-300 miles, the approximate number of Indian deaths in 1890. The 1990 mourning ritual has been supplanted by a redesigned communal event enlarged and deepened in scope, the Future Generations Ride. Crafted as a youth event, it teaches Lakota history, values and prayer forms to a new generation of teenagers who make this difficult trip as a rite of passage, often in deep snow and freezing temperatures. The Future Generations Ride has become an iconic event that draws the attention and solidarity of many thousands who follow it through the news media. Across modern America, journeys of exile and tragedy forge identity through remembrance, the Future Generations Ride converging with the Underground Railroad, the Trail of Tears and a score of other memorial pilgrimages (Greenia, 2014a, b).
Pilgrimage and the challenging of a Canadian foundational myth.
Authors: Anderson M. R. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract

Walking pilgrimage is growing in popularity. Initiatives to create routes on Canadian soil raise an important issue: how should local pilgrimage reflect Indigenous history and concerns? As First Nations leaders point out, all Canadians are 'treaty people' (i.e. on one side or the other of historical agreements concerning land). They call for Canadian academics and artists to help raise awareness of a suppressed history and of its ongoing, and devastating, consequences. Despite this, First Nations and Métis groups are often ignored in Canadian pilgrimage discourse. The North West Mounted Police (NWMP) Trail is a 300-km track across the northern Great Plains. It was roughly parallel to this route that the first recruits of Canada's military force marched west in 1874 to establish a police presence on Canada's western frontier. The story of their nearly disastrous trek, while not as well known as it might be, is none the less celebrated (Wilson, 2007, p. 248). What is less well known is that the NWMP Trail quickly became a crucial east-west thoroughfare through the contested border territory. The now hidden ruts once served as a significant Métis commercial route. They saw political deal making that was crucial to Canada, the USA and to the First Nations caught between them. They served as the trajectory along which some of Canada's first refugees, the Lakota, were pushed out, as Ottawa used starvation to clear the plains and to prepare for European settlement. Re-walking the NWMP Trail as a pilgrimage is one way of remembering this path's underappreciated role in the making of Canada. Because 'space' becomes 'place' by means of the stories we tell (Sheldrake, 2005, p. 495), an NWMP/Lakota/Métis Trail pilgrimage is one modest contribution to the widespread and growing recovery of an alternative Canadian, and Indigenous, history and culture.
Delinking, food sovereignty, and populist agronomy: notes on an intellectual history of the peasant path in the global South
Authors: Ajl Max 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACT
The article examines the weakness of discourses around food sovereignty in Southwest Asia and North Africa, and examines some older currents resembling the food sovereignty discourse. The author first historically situates the emergence of food sovereignty. He discusses agro-ecology – the ‘technics’ (or social embeddedness of technology) of food sovereignty – and its national-popular content, before then developing elements of the delinking paradigm. He goes on to discuss Tunisian national-popular and Third Worldist agronomists’ and economists’ efforts to develop technics and frameworks for food sovereignty in the 1970s and 1980s. The article compares the food sovereignty paradigm with auto-centred, self-reliant development proposals, and the proposals of the Tunisian economists and agronomists.
Study on the Distribution Law of Sand Dust Particles in Solar Power Stations
Authors: Shuai Wang , Mingzhi Zhao 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Dust is an important part of the particulate matter in the desert atmosphere environment . It moves to the nearby solar panels by suspension and saltation, which affects solar power. Collecting sand dust with sand sampler and compare with the dust distribution characteristics and parameters on the earth's surface to find out the transport law of dust and variation of dust weight with height in sand sampler. The results showed that the distribution of dust particle size obeyed the exponential distribution law. The dust particle size of surface dust is larger than that of sand sampler and the dust is in poor sorting which was caused by the selection of external factors such as wind. There is a good correlation between the dust in the sand sampler and the specific gravity of dust particle size in the earth's surface. The dust weight increases with height in sand sampler obey the law of power-decreasing. The heigher the solar panel, the surface dust deposition has less influence on it. The results will provide a theoretical basis for the impact of desert dust on solar power station.
In silico clinical trials: concepts and early adoptions
Authors: Pappalardo Francesco , Russo Giulia , Tshinanu Flora Musuamba , Viceconti Marco 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Innovations in information and communication technology infuse all branches of science, including life sciences. Nevertheless, healthcare is historically slow in adopting technological innovation, compared with other industrial sectors. In recent years, new approaches in modelling and simulation have started to provide important insights in biomedicine, opening the way for their potential use in the reduction, refinement and partial substitution of both animal and human experimentation. In light of this evidence, the European Parliament and the United States Congress made similar recommendations to their respective regulators to allow wider use of modelling and simulation within the regulatory process. In the context of in silico medicine, the term ‘in silico clinical trials’ refers to the development of patient-specific models to form virtual cohorts for testing the safety and/or efficacy of new drugs and of new medical devices. Moreover, it could be envisaged that a virtual set of patients could complement a clinical trial (reducing the number of enrolled patients and improving statistical significance), and/or advise clinical decisions. This article will review the current state of in silico clinical trials and outline directions for a full-scale adoption of patient-specific modelling and simulation in the regulatory evaluation of biomedical products. In particular, we will focus on the development of vaccine therapies, which represents, in our opinion, an ideal target for this innovative approach.
Nukes and Nudes: Counter-Hegemonic Identities in the Nuclearized Pacific
Authors: Maurer Anaïs 
Published: May 2018

Abstract

France’s current status as a leading world power results directly from its decision to develop a nuclear strike capability. After the loss of most of their empire, the French decided that their territories in the Pacific should remain an integral part of France. There followed an extensive programme of nuclear testing in the region, causing ongoing environmental damage and radiation-related illnesses throughout these remnants of the French empire. The present article examines contemporary francophone Pacific literature as a corpus shaped by France’s nuclear colonialism. Focusing on novels by Déwé Gorodé and Chantal Spitz, I show how these authors replace the colonial imagery of the welcoming native with anti-colonial narratives of radiation-induced diseases and ambient morbidity. I argue that these novels, often critiqued as essentialist, should be read as a reformulation of strategic essentialism putting ecocriticism at the heart of postcolonial thinking. This discussion brings Pacific theories of identity into dialogue with other postcolonial theories such as
créolité
, Negritude, and critiques of orientalism, suggesting that, in a context in which
métissage
and multiculturalism have become ideologies in the service of nuclear colonization, root-based strategic essentialism still has an important role to play in postcolonial narratives.