bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
3D-printed components for quantum devices
Authors: Saint R. , Evans W. , Zhou Y. , Barrett T. , Fromhold T. M. , Saleh E. , Maskery I. , Tuck C. , Wildman R. , Oručević F. , Krüger P. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractRecent advances in the preparation, control and measurement of atomic gases have led to new insights into the quantum world and unprecedented metrological sensitivities, e.g. in measuring gravitational forces and magnetic fields. The full potential of applying such capabilities to areas as diverse as biomedical imaging, non-invasive underground mapping, and GPS-free navigation can only be realised with the scalable production of efficient, robust and portable devices. We introduce additive manufacturing as a production technique of quantum device components with unrivalled design freedom and rapid prototyping. This provides a step change in efficiency, compactness and facilitates systems integration. As a demonstrator we present an ultrahigh vacuum compatible ultracold atom source dissipating less than ten milliwatts of electrical power during field generation to produce large samples of cold rubidium gases. This disruptive technology opens the door to drastically improved integrated structures, which will further reduce size and assembly complexity in scalable series manufacture of bespoke portable quantum devices.
A cryptic Gondwana-forming orogen located in Antarctica
Authors: Daczko Nathan R. , Halpin Jacqueline A. , Fitzsimons Ian C. W. , Whittaker Joanne M. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe most poorly exposed and least understood Gondwana-forming orogen lies largely hidden beneath ice in East Antarctica. Called the Kuunga orogen, its interpolation between scattered outcrops is speculative with differing and often contradictory trends proposed, and no consensus on the location of any sutures. While some discount a suture altogether, paleomagnetic data from Indo-Antarctica and Australo-Antarctica do require 3000–5000 km relative displacement during Ediacaran-Cambrian Gondwana amalgamation, suggesting that the Kuunga orogen sutured provinces of broadly Indian versus Australian affinity. Here we use compiled data from detrital zircons offshore of East Antarctica that fingerprint two coastal subglacial basement provinces between 60 and 130°E, one of Indian affinity with dominant ca. 980–900 Ma ages (Indo-Antarctica) and one of Australian affinity with dominant ca. 1190–1140 and ca. 1560 Ma ages (Australo-Antarctica). We combine this offshore compilation with existing and new onshore U-Pb geochronology and previous geophysical interpretations to delimit the Indo-Australo-Antarctic boundary at a prominent geophysical lineament which intersects the coast east of Mirny at ~94°E.
Further evidence for “gain-of-function” mechanism of DFNA5 related hearing loss
Authors: Wang Hongyang , Guan Jing , Guan Liping , Yang Ju , Wu Kaiwen , Lin Qiongfen , Xiong Wenping , Lan Lan , Zhao Cui , Xie Linyi , Yu Lan , Dan Bing  , Zhao Lidong , Wang Dayong , Wang Qiuju 
Published: May 2018

AbstractTo report two DFNA5 pathogenic splice-site variations and a novel benign frameshift variation to further support the gain-of-function mechanism of DFNA5 related hearing impairment, targeted genes capture and next generation sequencing were performed on selected members from Family 1007208, 1007081 and a sporadic case with sensorineural hearing loss. Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction was conducted on the proband from Family 1007208 to test how the splice-site variation affects the transcription in RNA level. A novel heterozygous splice-site variation c.991-3 C > A in DFNA5 was found in Family 1007208; a known hotspot heterozygous splice-site variation c.991-15_991_13delTTC was identified in Family 1007081. Both the splice-site variations were segregated with the late onset hearing loss phenotype, leading to the skipping of exon 8 at RNA level. In addition, a novel DFNA5 frameshift variation c.116_119delAAAA was found in the sporadic case, but was not segregated with the hearing impairment phenotype. In conclusion, we identified one novel and one known pathogenic DFNA5 splice-site variation in two Chinese Families, as well as a novel DFNA5 frameshift variation c.116_119delAAAA in a sporadic case, which does not the cause for the hearing loss case. Both the two pathogenic splice-site variations and the nonpathogenic frameshift variation provide further support for the specific gain-of-function mechanism of DFNA5 related hearing loss.
Vibrio cholerae accessory colonisation factor AcfC: a chemotactic protein with a role in hyperinfectivity
Authors: Valiente Esmeralda , Davies Cadi , Mills Dominic C. , Getino Maria , Ritchie Jennifer M. , Wren Brendan W. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractVibrio cholerae O1 El Tor is an aquatic Gram-negative bacterium responsible for the current seventh pandemic of the diarrheal disease, cholera. A previous whole-genome analysis on V. cholerae O1 El Tor strains from the 2010 epidemic in Pakistan showed that all strains contained the V. cholerae pathogenicity island-1 and the accessory colonisation gene acfC (VC_0841). Here we show that acfC possess an open reading frame of 770 bp encoding a protein with a predicted size of 28 kDa, which shares high amino acid similarity with two adhesion proteins found in other enteropathogens, including Paa in serotype O45 porcine enteropathogenic Escherichia coli and PEB3 in Campylobacter jejuni. Using a defined acfC deletion mutant, we studied the specific role of AcfC in V. cholerae O1 El Tor environmental survival, colonisation and virulence in two infection model systems (Galleria mellonella and infant rabbits). Our results indicate that AcfC might be a periplasmic sulfate-binding protein that affects chemotaxis towards mucin and bacterial infectivity in the infant rabbit model of cholera. Overall, our findings suggest that AcfC contributes to the chemotactic response of WT V. cholerae and plays an important role in defining the overall distribution of the organism within the intestine.
Exercise training as a novel primary treatment for localised prostate cancer: a multi-site randomised controlled phase II study
Authors: Bourke L. , Stevenson R. , Turner R. , Hooper R. , Sasieni P. , Greasley R. , Morrissey D. , Loosemore M. , Fisher A. , Payne H. , Taylor S. J. C. , Rosario D. J. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractAlternative management strategies for localised prostate cancer are required to reduce morbidity and overtreatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility, safety and acceptability of exercise training (ET) with behavioural support as a primary therapy for low/intermediate risk localised prostate cancer. Men with low/intermediate-risk prostate cancer were randomised to 12 months of ET or usual care with physical activity advice (UCwA) in a multi-site open label RCT. Feasibility included acceptability, recruitment, retention, adherence, adverse events and disease progression. Secondary outcomes included quality of life and cardiovascular health indices. Of the 50 men randomised to ET (n = 25) or UCwA (n = 25), 92% (n = 46) completed 12 month assessments. Three men progressed to invasive therapy (two in UCwA). In the ET group, men completed mean: 140 mins per week for 12 months (95% CI 129,152 mins) (94% of target dose) at 75% Hrmax. Men in the ET group demonstrated improved body mass (mean reduction: 2.0 kg; 95% CI −2.9,−1.1), reduced systolic (mean: 13 mmHg; 95%CI 7,19) and diastolic blood pressure (mean:8 mmHg; 95% CI 5,12) and improved quality of life (EQ.5D mean:13 points; 95% CI 7,18). There were no serious adverse events. ET in men with low/intermediate risk prostate cancer is feasible and acceptable with a low progression rate to radical treatment. Early signals on clinically relevant markers were found which warrant further investigation.
Transport of Live Cells Under Sterile Conditions Using a Chemotactic Droplet
Authors: Holler Silvia , Porcelli Carlotta , Ieropoulos Ioannis A. , Hanczyc Martin M. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract1-Decanol droplets, formed in an aqueous medium containing decanoate at high pH, become chemotactic when a chemical gradient is placed in the external aqueous environment. We investigated if such droplets can be used as transporters for living cells. We developed a partially hydrophobic alginate capsule as a protective unit that can be precisely placed in a droplet and transported along chemical gradients. Once the droplets with cargo reached a defined final destination, the association of the alginate capsule and decanol droplet was disrupted and cargo deposited. Both Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis cells survived and proliferated after transport even though transport occurred under harsh and sterile conditions.
Loop-mediated Isothermal Amplification-Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Analysis for Detection and Differentiation of Wild-type and Vaccine Strains of Mink Enteritis Virus
Authors: Lin Peng , Wang Honglin , Cheng Yuening , Song Shanshan , Sun Yaru , Zhang Miao , Guo Li , Yi Li , Tong Mingwei , Cao Zhigang , Li Shuang , Cheng Shipeng , Wang Jianke 
Published: May 2018

AbstractBroad coverage of mink enteritis virus (MEV) vaccination program in northeast of China has provided effective protection from mink viral enteritis. Nevertheless, MEV vaccine failures were reported due to continually evolving and changing virulence of field variants or wild-type MEV. In this study, a combined loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) method, named LAMP-SNP assay, was developed for detection and differentiation of wild-type and vaccine strains of MEV. Four primers in MEV-VP2-LAMP were used to detect both wild-type and vaccine strains of MEV in our previous publication, and other four primers in LAMP-SNP were designed to amplify the NS1 gene in wild-type MEV and only used to detect wild-type viruses. The LAMP-SNP assay was performed in a water bath held at a constant temperature of 65 °C for 60 min. LAMP-SNP amplification can be judged by both electrophoresis and visual assessment with the unaided eyes. In comparison with virus isolation as the gold standard in testing 171 mink samples, the percentage of agreement and relative sensitivity and specificity of the LAMP-SNP assay were 97.1, 100%, and 94.0%, respectively. There were no cross-reactions with other mink viruses. The LAMP-SNP assay was found to be a rapid, reliable and low-cost method to differentiate MEV vaccine and field variant strains.
Dynamic Visual Cues for Differentiating Mirror and Glass
Authors: Tamura Hideki , Higashi Hiroshi , Nakauchi Shigeki 
Published: May 2018

AbstractMirror materials (perfect specular surfaces such as polished metal) and glass materials (transparent and refraction media) are quite commonly encountered in everyday life. The human visual system can discriminate these complex distorted images formed by reflection or transmission of the surrounding environment even though they do not intrinsically possess surface colour. In this study, we determined the cues that aid mirror and glass discrimination. From video analysis, we found that glass objects have more opposite motion components relative to the direction of object rotation. Then, we hypothesised a model developed using motion transparency because motion information is not only present on the front side, but also on the rear side of the object surface in the glass material object. In materials judging experiments, we found that human performance with rotating video stimuli is higher than that with static stimuli (simple images). Subsequently, we compared the developed model derived from motion coherency to human rating performance for transparency and specular reflection. The model sufficiently identified the different materials using dynamic information. These results suggest that the visual system relies on dynamic cues that indicate the difference between mirror and glass.
Effect of distillery yeast sludge on growth performance, nutrient digestibility and slaughter parameters in Japanese quails
Authors: Sharif M. , Shoaib M. , Rahman M. Aziz Ur , Ahmad F. , Rehman Shahid Ur 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThis study was planned to evaluate the effect of distillery yeast sludge (DYS) as a protein source on growth performance, nutrient digestibility and slaughtering parameters in Japanese quail birds. For this purpose, six hundred day-old quails were randomly distributed into six dietary treatments. These dietary treatments were; G1 (Control Group) fed a basal diet (CP 24%, ME 2900 kcal/kg) without DYS, while other dietary treatments were G2, G3, G4, G5 and G6 fed basal diet containing DYS @ 1.5, 3.0, 4.5, 6.0 and 7.5%, respectively. It was observed that feed intake and weight gain tended to increase (P < 0.05) up to 3% DYS. Better (P < 0.05) feed conversion ratio (FCR) was observed in birds fed diet containing DYS at the level of 1.5 and 3%. Dry matter and crude protein digestibility decreased with increasing levels of DYS (P < 0.05). Cost of production per 100 g of weight gain was also less in birds fed diet containing 3% DYS. Study revealed that inclusion of distillery yeast sludge in the diet of Japanese quails up to 3% improves the growth performance and economics efficacy.
Crosstalk among lncRNAs, microRNAs and mRNAs in the muscle ‘degradome’ of rainbow trout
Authors: Paneru Bam , Ali Ali , Al-Tobasei Rafet , Kenney Brett , Salem Mohamed 
Published: May 2018

AbstractIn fish, protein-coding and noncoding genes involved in muscle atrophy are not fully characterized. In this study, we characterized coding and noncoding genes involved in gonadogenesis-associated muscle atrophy, and investigated the potential functional interplay between these genes. Using RNA-Seq, we compared expression pattern of mRNAs, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs of atrophying skeletal muscle from gravid females and control skeletal muscle from age-matched sterile individuals. A total of 852 mRNAs, 1,160 lncRNAs and 28 microRNAs were differentially expressed (DE) between the two groups. Muscle atrophy appears to be mediated by many genes encoding ubiquitin-proteasome system, autophagy related proteases, lysosomal proteases and transcription factors. Transcripts encoding atrogin-1 and mir-29 showed exceptional high expression in atrophying muscle, suggesting an important role in bulk muscle proteolysis. DE genes were co-localized in the genome with strong expression correlation, and they exhibited extensive ‘lncRNA-mRNA’, ‘lncRNA-microRNA’, ‘mRNA-microRNA’ and ‘lncRNA-protein’ physical interactions. DE genes exhibiting potential functional interactions comprised the highly correlated ‘lncRNA-mRNA-microRNA’ gene network described as ‘degradome’. This study pinpoints extensive coding and noncoding RNA interactions during muscle atrophy in fish, and provides valuable resources for future mechanistic studies.
Radiation-induced overexpression of transthyretin inhibits retinol-mediated hippocampal neurogenesis
Authors: Kang JiHoon , Kim Wanyeon , Seo HyunJeong , Kim EunGi , Son Beomseok , Lee Sungmin , Park Gaeul , Jo Sunmi , Moon Changjong , Youn HyeSook , Youn BuHyun 
Published: May 2018

AbstractCranial irradiation is the main therapeutic strategy for treating primary and metastatic brain tumors. However, radiation is well-known to induce several unexpected side effects including emotional disorders. Although radiation-induced depression may cause decreased quality of life after radiotherapy, investigations of its molecular mechanism and therapeutic strategies are still insufficient. In this study, we found that behavioral symptoms of depression on mice models with the decrease of BrdU/NeuN- and Dcx-positive populations and MAP-2 expression in hippocampus were induced by cranial irradiation, and transthyretin (TTR) was highly expressed in hippocampus after irradiation. It was shown that overexpression of TTR resulted in the inhibition of retinol-mediated neuritogenesis. PAK1 phosphorylation and MAP-2 expression were significantly reduced by TTR overexpression following irradiation. Moreover, we observed that treatment of allantoin and neferine, the active components of Nelumbo nucifera, interrupted irradiation-induced TTR overexpression, consequently leading to the increase of PAK1 phosphorylation, neurite extension, BrdU/NeuN- and Dcx-positive populations, and MAP-2 expression. Behavioral symptoms of depression following cranial irradiation were also relieved by treatment of allantoin and neferine. These findings demonstrate that TTR plays a critical role in neurogenesis after irradiation, and allantoin and neferine could be potential drug candidates for recovering the effects of radiation on neurogenesis and depression.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: The toxicity and therapeutic effects of single-and multi-wall carbon nanotubes on mice breast cancer
Authors: Kavosi Arghavan , Hosseini Ghale Noei Saeideh , Madani Samaneh , Khalighfard Solmaz , Khodayari Saeed , Khodayari Hamid , Mirzaei Malihe , Kalhori Mohammad Reza , Yavarian Majid , Alizadeh Ali Mohammad , Falahati Mojtaba 
Published: May 2018

AbstractHerein, we have investigated the toxicity of SWCNTs and MWCNTs in vitro and in vivo, and assessed their therapeutic effects on a typical animal model of breast cancer in order to obtain: first, the cytotoxicity effects of CNTs on MC4L2 cell and mice, second the impact of CNTs on ablation of breast tumor. CNTs especially SWCNTs were toxic to organs and induced death at high dosages. In this case, some of the liver cells showed a relative shrinkage which was also confirmed by Annexin test in MC4L2 cells. Moreover, CNTs decreased the tumor volume. BCL2 gene was down-regulated, and BAX and Caspase-3 were also up-regulated in the treated groups with CNTs. As a result, CNTs especially MWCNT in lower dosages can be used as a promising drug delivery vehicle for targeted therapy of abnormal cells in breast cancer.
Palladium-Catalyzed Synthesis of Aldehydes from Aryl Iodides and Formic acid with Propylphosphonic Anhydride as the Activator
Authors: Wu Xiao-Feng 
Published: May 2018

AbstractAn interesting palladium-catalyzed carbonylative procedure for the synthesis of aromatic aldehydes from aryl iodides has been developed. By using propylphosphonic anhydride as the activator for formic acid, moderate to good yields of the corresponding aldehydes were produced with formic acid as the carbonyl and hydrogen donors. Interestingly, neither additional phosphine ligand nor inert gas protection is needed here.
Current-constrained density-matrix theory to calculate molecular conductivity with increased accuracy
Authors: Sajjan Manas , Mazziotti David A. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractMolecular conductivity is the quantum flow of electrons through a molecule. Since its conception by Aviram and Ratner, molecular conductivity has been realized experimentally in molecules and molecular-scale circuits. Significant challenges, however, remain for its prediction with popular theoretical methods often overpredicting conductance by as much as an order of magnitude. Here we report a current-constrained, electronic structure-based variational principle for molecular conductivity. Unlike existing theories, which set the voltage to compute the current, the current-constrained variational principle determines the voltage from an electronic structure calculation in which the current is added as a constraint. We apply the variational principle to benezenedithiol with gold and nickel leads where it matches experimental values and trends, improving upon previous theory by as much as 1–2 orders of magnitude. The current constraint produces a conducting steady state that includes all many-body effects treatable by the electronic structure calculation.
Bridging Oral and Written Language: An Oral Narrative Language Intervention Study With Writing Outcomes
Authors: Spencer Trina D. , Petersen Douglas B. 
Published: May 2018

PurposeDespite literature showing a correlation between oral language and written language ability, there is little evidence documenting a causal connection between oral and written language skills. The current study examines the extent to which oral language instruction using narratives impacts students' writing skills.MethodFollowing multiple baseline design conventions to minimize threats to internal validity, 3 groups of 1st-grade students were exposed to staggered baseline, intervention, and maintenance conditions. During the intervention condition, groups received 6 sessions of small-group oral narrative instruction over 2 weeks. Separated in the school day from the instruction, students wrote their own stories, forming the dependent variable across baseline, intervention, and maintenance conditions. Written stories were analyzed for story structure and language complexity using a narrative scoring flow chart based on current academic standards.ResultsCorresponding to the onset of oral narrative instruction, all but 1 student showed meaningful improvements in story writing. All 4 students, for whom improvements were observed and maintenance data were available, continued to produce written narratives above baseline levels once the instruction was withdrawn.ConclusionsResults suggest that narrative instruction delivered exclusively in an oral modality had a positive effect on students' writing. Implications include the efficiency and inclusiveness of oral language instruction to improve writing quality, especially for young students.
Krankheitskostenanalyse bei Patienten mit chronischen
neuropathischen Schmerzen
Authors: Ossendorf Andreas 
Published: May 2018

Zusammenfassung
Zielsetzung In Deutschland leiden rund fünf Millionen Menschen unter
neuropathischen Schmerzen, die zu einer chronischen Erkrankung werden können.
Chronische Erkrankungen gehen einher mit Multimorbidität und verursachen hohe
Krankheitskosten für das Gesundheitswesen. Hieraus ergibt sich die
Notwendigkeit, die verfügbaren Ressourcen rational einzusetzen.
Methodik Im Rahmen einer prospektiven Beobachtungsstudie wurden u. a. 53
Patienten mit chronischen neuropathischen Schmerzen in sechs Berliner
Schmerzambulanzen konsekutiv rekrutiert und mit Hilfe eines standardisierten
Fragebogens interviewt. Zielsetzung der Studie war es, die Inanspruchnahme von
Patienten mit chronischen neuropathischen Schmerzen im Gesundheitswesen
abzubilden und die Krankheitskosten zu berechnen.
Ergebnisse Patienten mit chronischen neuropathischen Schmerzen
verursachten jährliche durchschnittliche Gesamtkosten in Höhe von 30 467,- Euro,
wobei die direkten Krankheitskosten 8480 Euro sowie die indirekten Kosten 21 987
Euro betrugen.
Schlussfolgerung Im Hinblick auf die Allokation knapper Ressourcen im
Gesundheitswesen erscheint es dringend geboten, dass Patienten mit
neuropathischen Schmerzen frühzeitig Spezialambulanzen für Schmerzen
konsultieren.