bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Applications of Augmented Reality for Prehospital Emergency Care: Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Harari Rayan E , Schulwolf Sara L , Borges Paulo , Salmani Hamid , Hosseini Farhang , Bailey Shannon K T , Quach Brian , Nohelty Eric , Park Sandra , Verma Yash , Goralnick Eric , Goldberg Scott A , Shokoohi Hamid , Dias Roger D , Eyre Andrew 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Delivering high-quality prehospital emergency care remains challenging, especially in resource-limited settings where real-time clinical decision support is limited. Augmented reality (AR) has emerged as a promising health care technology, offering potential solutions to enhance decision-making, care processes, and emergency medical service (EMS) training.

Objective
This systematic review assesses the effectiveness of AR in improving clinical decision-making, care delivery, and educational outcomes for EMS providers.

Methods
We searched databases including PubMed, Cochrane CENTRAL, Web of Science, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), Embase, PsycInfo, and Association for Computing Machinery (ACM). Studies were selected based on their focus on AR in prehospital care. A total of 14 randomized controlled trials were selected from an initial screening of 2081 manuscripts. Included studies focused on AR use by EMS personnel, examining clinical and educational impacts. Data such as study demographics, intervention type, outcomes, and methodologies were extracted using a standardized form. Primary outcomes assessed included clinical task accuracy, response times, and training efficacy. A narrative synthesis was conducted, and bias was evaluated using Cochrane’s risk of bias tool. Improvements in AR-assisted interventions and their limitations were analyzed.

Results
AR significantly improved clinical decision-making accuracy and EMS training outcomes, reducing response times in simulations and real-world applications. However, small sample sizes and challenges in integrating AR into workflows limit the generalizability of the findings.

Conclusions
AR holds promise for transforming prehospital care by enhancing real-time decision-making and EMS training. Future research should address technological integration and scalability to fully realize AR’s potential in EMS.
Improved Afternoon Hepatic Glucose Disposal and Storage Requires Morning Engagement of Hepatic Insulin Receptors
Authors: Waterman Hannah L. , Moore Mary Courtney , Smith Marta S. , Farmer Ben , Yankey Kalisha , Scott Melanie , Edgerton Dale S. , Cherrington Alan D. 
Published: November 2024

Glucose tolerance improves significantly upon consuming a second, identical meal later in the day (second-meal phenomenon). We previously established that morning hyperinsulinemia primes the liver for increased afternoon hepatic glucose uptake (HGU). Although the route of insulin delivery is an important determinant of the mechanisms by which insulin regulates liver glucose metabolism (direct hepatic vs. indirect insulin action), it is not known whether insulin’s delivery route affects the second-meal response. To determine whether morning peripheral insulin delivery (as occurs clinically, i.e., subcutaneously) can enhance afternoon HGU, conscious dogs were treated in the morning with insulin delivered either via the portal vein or peripherally (leg vein), while glucose was infused to maintain euglycemia. Consequently, arterial insulin levels increased similarly in both groups, but relative hepatic insulin deficiency occurred with peripheral insulin delivery. In the afternoon, all animals were challenged with the same hyperinsulinemic-hyperglycemic clamp to simulate identical postprandial-like conditions. The substantial enhancement of HGU in the afternoon caused by morning portal vein insulin delivery was lost when insulin was delivered peripherally. This indicates that morning insulin does not cause the second-meal phenomenon via its indirect actions on the liver but, rather, through direct activation of hepatic insulin signaling.

Article Highlights
Morning insulin delivery primes the liver for increased hepatic glucose uptake (HGU) later in the day, but until now, the mechanism (direct hepatic and/or indirect insulin action) remained unclear. This study compared insulin infusion via endogenous (hepatic portal vein) and clinical (peripheral) routes to assess their impact on afternoon hepatic glucose disposal. Arterial hyperinsulinemia in the morning, without a concomitant increase in insulin at the liver, failed to induce a significant enhancing effect on afternoon HGU and glycogen storage, unlike morning hepatic portal vein insulin delivery, which did. These findings highlight the importance of achieving appropriate hepatic insulin exposure in the morning to effectively prime the liver for enhanced glucose disposal later in the day.
A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis on the Safety and Efficacy of Sodium–Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitor Use in Hospitalized Patients
Authors: Gao Frank M. , Ali Aleena S. , Bellomo Rinaldo , Gaca Michele , Lecamwasam Ashani , Churilov Leonid , Ekinci Elif I. 
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND
The safety and efficacy of sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors in hospitalized patients are unclear.

PURPOSE
To evaluate outcomes of inpatient SGLT2 inhibitor use.

DATA SOURCES
MEDLINE, Embase, Emcare, and Cochrane databases were searched through 29 May 2024.

STUDY SELECTION
Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational cohort studies with assessment of SGLT2 inhibitor use in patients hospitalized for any reason were included.

DATA EXTRACTION
Study characteristics and clinical outcomes were extracted.

DATA SYNTHESIS
We performed a random-effects meta-analysis analyzing RCTs and cohort studies separately. Heterogeneity was quantified with the I2 statistic. Twenty-three RCTs comprising 19,846 participants (29.5% with type 2 diabetes) with comparison of SGLT2 inhibitors with placebo or active comparator were included. Ketoacidosis rates were 0.210 per 100 person-years (95% CI 0.119, 0.370) for SGLT2 inhibitors and 0.140 per 100 person-years (95% CI 0.070, 0.280) for control (rate ratio 1.50 [95 CI 0.56, 4.23], P = 0.38). SGLT2 inhibitor use was associated with fewer readmissions and urgent visits (odds ratio [OR] 0.64 [95 CI 0.47, 0.86], P &lt; 0.01) and lower mortality rates (OR 0.74 [95% CI 0.56, 0.98], P = 0.03) in heart failure trials and lower incidence of acute kidney injury (OR 0.76 [95% CI 0.60, 0.97], P = 0.03) among all RCTs. Twenty observational studies were included and did not show increased adverse events.

LIMITATIONS
Ketoacidosis rates were low, likely leading to lack of power to detect significant differences.

CONCLUSIONS
SGLT2 inhibitor use among hospitalized patients was associated with numerically higher rates of ketoacidosis, although further studies are required.
Effects of Integrated Care Approaches to Address Co-occurring Depression and Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Cooper Zach W. , O’Shields Jay , Ali Mohammed K. , Chwastiak Lydia , Johnson Leslie C.M. 
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND
Depressive symptoms frequently co-occur with diabetes and, when unaddressed, can function to worsen diabetes control and increase the risk of diabetes-related morbidity. Integrated care (IC) approaches aim to improve outcomes among people with diabetes and depression, but there are no current meta-analyses examining their effects.

PURPOSE
In our study we summarize the effects of IC approaches to address depression and diabetes and examine moderating effects of IC approaches (e.g., behavioral intervention used; type of IC approach).

DATA SOURCES
A systematic search was conducted of PubMed, PsycInfo, CINAHL, and ProQuest.

STUDY SELECTION
Two reviewers triaged abstracts and full-text articles to identify relevant articles. Randomized controlled trials with enrollment of participants with diabetes and depressive symptoms and with provision of sufficient data on depression scores and hemoglobin A1c were included.

DATA EXTRACTION
Two reviewers extracted demographic information, depression scores, diabetes outcomes, intervention details, and the risk of bias for each study.

DATA SYNTHESIS
From 517 abstracts, 75 full-text reports were reviewed and 31 studies with 8,843 participants were analyzed. Among 26 studies with reporting of HbA1c, IC approaches were associated with a significant between-group difference regarding the percent decrease of HbA1c (d = −0.36, 95% CI −0.52 to −0.21). Studies that included a combination of behavioral interventions (behavioral activation with cognitive behavioral therapy) showed greater reductions in HbA1c. Among 23 studies with reporting of depressive symptoms, the pooled effect of IC approaches lowered depressive scores by 0.72 points (95% CI −1.15 to −0.28).

LIMITATIONS
The inclusion of a wide range of IC approaches increased study heterogeneity. A random effects model and sensitivity analyses mitigated this limitation.

CONCLUSIONS
IC approaches are associated with improved glycemia and depressive symptoms in comparison with treatment as usual.
Surface Roughness and Color Stability of Newly Developed Resin Composites With Color Adjustment Potential After Immersion in Staining Solutions
Authors: Maghaireh GA , Alzraikat H , Alakhras HK 
Published: November 2024

SUMMARY
The aim of this this study was to evaluate the surface roughness and color stability of resin composites (RCs) with color adjustment potential (CAP): Omnichroma (OM), (Tokuyama Dental, Tokyo, Japan); Neo Spectra ST (NS) (Dentsply Sirona, York, PA,USA); and Charisma Diamond One (CD) (Kulzer, Hanau, Germany), compared to a conventional RC, Filtek Z350XT (FZ) (3M ESPE, St. Paul, MN,USA), after immersion in three staining solutions, cola, coffee, and black tea, with distilled water as a control. Forty specimens (8 mm diameter x 2 mm thickness) were prepared for each RC material and divided into subgroups (n=10/group) based on the immersion solution. Surface roughness was measured at baseline and after 21 days of immersion using a non-contact optical profilometer. Color change (ΔE00) was evaluated at baseline, 1, 7, and 21 days with a spectrophotometer.
The results showed that FZ demonstrated the lowest surface roughness (0.14), significantly differing from that of the other RCs with CAP (p&lt;0.05), while no significant differences in surface roughness were observed between RCs with CAP (p&gt;0.05). There were no significant changes in surface roughness before and after immersion in various solutions. The results for color change (ΔE00) were statistically significant. Neo Spectra ST showed the lowest tendency for color change, while Filtek Z350XT displayed a moderate potential, and Omnichroma and Charisma Diamond One showed the highest potential for color change.
Effects of Fluoride-containing Biomimetic Agents on Remineralization and Color Change of Enamel White Spot Lesions: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Fırıncıoğullar EC , Urdinç AM 
Published: November 2024

SUMMARY

Introduction:
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of fluoride-containing remineralization agents on enamel white spot lesions.

Methods and Materials:
Twenty bovine incisors were cut mesio-distally and occluso-gingivally, creating 80 specimens, and divided into four groups (n=20/group): 1) control (no treatment); 2) fluoride varnish (Voco Profluoroid 5% NaF Varnish, VOCO Dental, Cuxhaven, Germany); 3) CPP-ACFP (MI Paste Plus with Recaldent, GC Corporation, Tokyo, Japan),; 4) self-assembling peptide (P11-4F, CURODONT Repair Fluoride Plus, Credentis AG, Windisch, Switzerland). After a three-week demineralization-remineralization cycle, white spot lesions were observed on the specimens. Before applying the remineralization agents, baseline demineralization values were determined using DIAGNOdent 2095, QLF-D Biluminator, SEM-EDS (KaVo Dental, Charlotte, NC, USA), and color values were measured by Vita EasyShade (Vita Zahnfabrik, Bad Säckingen, Germany). Remineralization agents were applied once, following the manufacturers’ instructions. The remineralization capacities of these agents and their effects on color change were evaluated at four time points: baseline (T0), demineralization (T1), and remineralization on the seventh (T2) and 30th (T3) days.

Results:
After 30 days, CPP-ACFP and P11-4F showed significantly greater Ca (% by weight), F (% by weight), and Ca/P ratio than the fluoride varnish group (p&lt;0.05). SEM images revealed that in the groups where the remineralization agent was applied, the pores and tubules were blocked, and the surfaces were covered, whereas these findings were not observed in the control group. Based on QLF-D Biluminator data, P11-4F application provided more successful fluorescence changes compared to CPP-ACFP and fluoride applications and was statistically more effective in reducing lesion volume and maximum fluorescence loss (p&lt;0.05). Significant differences were observed among the four groups at the seventh (T2) and 30th days (T3) in the laser fluorescence evaluation with DIAGNOdent (p&lt;0.05). On the seventh day, the fluoride group exhibited greater effectiveness than the control group, while on the 30th day, the CPPACFP group demonstrated superior improvement over the control group (p&lt;0.05). According to color change results, applying a remineralization agent was found to be a statistically successful method in restoring the tooth’s original color (p&lt;0.05). However, there were no significant differences among the treatment groups (p&gt;0.05).

Conclusions:
CPP-ACFP and P11-4F demonstrated positive effects on remineralization at the seventh and 30th days. Applying a remineralization agent is a viable option for blocking pores and tubules on demineralized enamel. The color change related to the use of the remineralization agent showed a positive effect over time.
Physical and Mechanical Properties of Bulk-fill Resin Composites Submitted to Additional Polymerization for Use in Semi-direct Restorations
Authors: Botrel BJ , Condi ML , Turssi CP , Gomes-França FM , Vieira-Junior WF , Basting RT 
Published: November 2024

SUMMARY
Physical and mechanical properties of high-viscosity bulk-fill resin composites submitted to additional polymerization for semi-direct use were evaluated. Filtek Z350 XT, Aura Bulk Fill, Beautifil Bulk Restorative, Filtek One Bulk Fill Restorative, and Tetric N-Ceram Bulk Fill were submitted to additional polymerization to evaluate sorption, solubility, surface microhardness, surface roughness before and after simulated brushing, color stability after coffee staining, flexural strength, elastic modulus, and modulus of resilience. Filtek Z350 XT and Filtek One Bulk Fill Restorative showed higher sorption values, while Aura Bulk Fill showed higher solubility (p&lt;0.0001). Microhardness values were significantly higher for Filtek Z350 XT (p&lt;0.0001). Roughness increased after wear for all resins (p&lt;0.05). All resins exhibited staining, with significantly higher ΔEab, ΔE00, and ΔWID values observed for Beautifil Bulk Restorative (p&lt;0.0001). Flexural strength values were higher for Filtek Z350 XT and Filtek One Bulk Fill Restorative in comparison with the others (p&lt;0.0001). Filtek One Bulk-Fill had higher elastic modulus and modulus of resilience values (p&lt;0.0001). Physical and mechanical properties varied according to the composition. None of the bulk-fill resins showed surface microhardness and roughness properties after brushing similar to or superior to those of the conventional type. Color stability after staining depended on resin composition, with Beautifil Bulk Restorative showing more intense staining.
Comprehensive Financial Planning for a Sustainable Retirement†
Authors: Tahani Nabil , Robinson Chris 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We demonstrate a comprehensive approach to the dual problems of saving enough for retirement and determining how much saving is enough at retirement date, using a probabilistic (stochastic) model. Our model estimates the probability of success of a comprehensive plan that spans the life cycle. Retirement plans are riskier than the financial planners’ deterministic models show, using a simple case study as a comparative example. Variables the family can control for a successful retirement plan are the patterns of pre-retirement saving and retirement consumption, the probability of running out of money in retirement that the family will accept, and the age of retirement.
Performance studies of premixed blended hydraulic cement to revolutionize concrete production
Authors: Lin Kae-Long , Lin Wei-Ting , Fiala Lukáš , Kočí Jan , Lee Po-En , Hsu Hui-Mi 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In recent years, ready-mix concrete plants have increasingly utilized premixed blended hydraulic cement. These formulations incorporate a higher mineral admixture content than traditional ternary concrete mixtures, resulting in improved durability, compactness, and reduced hydration heat during curing. This study examined four concrete proportions with a water–binder ratio of 0.32, focusing on workability, compression strength, and chloride penetration resistance. The research also considered economic effects and carbon emissions. The findings revealed that premixed blended hydraulic cement improved late strength development and reduced chloride permeability. Additionally, the partial replacement of cement with silica fume enhanced early strength and chloride resistance. However, these benefits came with trade-offs, including adverse effects on workability and increased hydration heat. Notably, a 50% cement mixture in premixed blended hydraulic cement emitted 42–49% less CO2 than conventional formulations, highlighting its potential for reducing environmental impact in concrete production.
Yield of Bunches of Fresh Oil Palm Fruits (Elaeis Guineenses JACQ.) Grown in Pará: Barrier to Illegal Transport
Authors: Santana Antônio Cordeiro de , Lins Paulo Manoel Pontes , Dantas Rúbia Carla Ribeiro , Santana Ádina Lima de , Costa Filho Geraldo de Araújo 
Published: November 2024

Objective: The goal of this study was to generate technical and scientific information to support the inspection of transportation of fresh fruit bunches (FFB) of oil palm in the state of Pará and to estimate the average yield curve (AYC) of FFB of varieties of oil palm cultivated in the municipalities of Pará.

Theoretical framework: Theories about limited rationality and asymmetric information was applied to production and commercialization negotiations of FFB oil palm in the state of Pará. Econometric modelling and statistical tests were used to estimate the AY curve and to compare the sample averages among the business production, family farming, and the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE).

Results and conclusion: The maximum AY of FFB oil palm were estimated for the state of Pará, Brazil (16.27 ± 1.46 t/ha), and to the most productive variety, Compacta-Nigeria (23.86 ± 2.24 t/ha). It was evident that AY of FFB for the Family farmers (average 22.63 ± 3.17 t/ha) was higher than that obtained by companies (average of 17.10 ± 4.05 t/ha) and that reported by IBGE (average of 15.98 ± 1.25 t/ha). The IBGE data are not different or superior to those of companies.

Research implications: The study estimated the FFB oil palm AY curve by variety cultivated in the state of Pará to enable the traceability of FFB oil palm production and transportation. It validates IBGE data as a mechanism for monitoring the transit of CFF.

Originality/value: The CFF yield curve adds unprecedented scientific knowledge to support the traceability of oil palm production. The data provided by this research contributes to reduce the information asymmetry, and to improve the efficiency of chain Governance.
Intertextuality in the Construction of Christopher Robin
Authors: Barros Ana Carolina Gregol de , Silva Cristina Ennes da 
Published: November 2024

Objective: The objective of this study was to analyze the role of intertextuality in the construction of the film narrative to aesthetically bring it closer to or distance it from the Winnie the Pooh books, created by A.A. Milne and illustrated by E.H. Shepard.

Theoretical Framework: The investigation is based on the conceptions of dialogism introduced by Bakhtin (2009) and intertextuality studies by Kristeva (2012) and Genette (2009; 2010). Additionally, it incorporates intertextuality concepts from Jenny (1979), language theories from Burke (1966) and Hall (1997), film adaptation studies by Stam (2008), and cinematic narrative concepts from Aumont et al. (2007) and Gaudreault (2009).

Method: The methodology employed in this research is characterized as descriptive, bibliographic, and documental, with a qualitative approach and content analysis based on Bardin (2011).
Results and Discussion: The investigation revealed an intertextual dialogue between the film and the book, making the film credible in relation to the literary works published.

Research Implications: The research proposes an intertextual dialogue between film and book, showing how each benefits from the other in adaptations.

Originality/Value: The study provides an academic contribution by exploring intertextuality as a tool in the creation of film narratives, highlighting its role in the adaptation and reinvention of stories.