bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interspecific and intraspecific interference of Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) and large crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis) in sweetpotato
Authors: Basinger Nicholas T. , Jennings Katherine M. , Monks David W. , Jordan David L. , Everman Wesley J. , Hestir Erin L. , Waldschmidt Matthew D. , Smith Stephen C. , Brownie Cavell 
Published: June 2019

AbstractField studies were conducted in 2016 and 2017 in Clinton, NC, to determine the interspecific and intraspecific interference of Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri S. Watson) or large crabgrass [Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop.] in ‘Covington’ sweetpotato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.]. Amaranthus palmeri and D. sanguinalis were established 1 d after sweetpotato transplanting and maintained season-long at 0, 1, 2, 4, 8 and 0, 1, 2, 4, 16 plants m−1 of row in the presence and absence of sweetpotato, respectively. Predicted yield loss for sweetpotato was 35% to 76% for D. sanguinalis at 1 to 16 plants m−1 of row and 50% to 79% for A. palmeri at 1 to 8 plants m−1 of row. Weed dry biomass per meter of row increased linearly with increasing weed density. Individual dry biomass of A. palmeri and D. sanguinalis was not affected by weed density when grown in the presence of sweetpotato. When grown without sweetpotato, individual weed dry biomass decreased 71% and 62% from 1 to 4 plants m−1 row for A. palmeri and D. sanguinalis, respectively. Individual weed dry biomass was not affected above 4 plants m−1 row to the highest densities of 8 and 16 plants m−1 row for A. palmeri and D. sanguinalis, respectively.
Validierung einer deutschen Version der Resilience Scale for Adults (RSA)
Authors: Kaiser Nathalie , Seves Mauro , Koutsouleris Nikolaos , Ruhrmann Stephan 
Published: June 2019

Zusammenfassung. Bislang war im deutschen Sprachraum kein Fragebogen vorhanden, der den multifaktoriellen Konstrukteigenschaften der Resilienz gerecht wird. Ziel der vorliegenden Untersuchung war es daher, eine deutsche Version eines multifaktoriellen, personelle, familiäre und soziale Schutzfaktoren abbildenden Selbstauskunftsfragebogens, der Resilience Scale for Adults (RSA) zu validieren. Hierzu wurde eine internetbasierte Querschnittsuntersuchung an einer nicht-klinischen Stichprobe ( N = 524) durchgeführt. Ergänzend wurde explorativ eine klinische Stichprobe von Patientinnen und Patienten mit einer ersten depressiven Episode ( N = 69) mit der RSA untersucht. Eine konfirmatorische Faktorenanalyse bestätigte eine akzeptable Passung des postulierten Sechs-Faktoren-Modells. Die internen Konsistenzen der Subskalen und der Gesamtskala RSA waren moderat bis hoch einzuschätzen, eine Ausnahme bildete hierbei die Subskala Strukturiertheit. Signifikant positive sowie negative Korrelationen mit Fragebögen zur wahrgenommenen Resilienz, sozialen Unterstützung und Beeinträchtigung durch Symptombelastungen belegten die Konstruktvalidität. Die Probanden der nicht-klinischen Stichprobe erreichten im Vergleich zur klinischen Stichprobe in allen RSA Subskalen sowie dem Gesamtskalenwert signifikant bessere Summenwerte. Mit der untersuchten Version der RSA steht dem deutschsprachigen Raum erstmals ein reliables und valides Instrument zur Verfügung, das auf ökonomische Weise eine multifaktorielle Erfassung des individuellen Schutzfaktorenrepertoires und damit der potentiellen psychischen Resilienz gegenüber widrigen Lebensumständen ermöglicht.
Effects of Alignment Between Particle Precipitation and Ion Convection Patterns on Joule Heating
Authors: Sheng Cheng , Deng Yue , Chen Yun‐Ju , Heelis Roderick A. , Huang Yanshi 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIn the high‐latitude thermosphere and ionosphere the Joule (frictional) heating rate is related to both conductivity and electric field. Thus, an accurate calculation of the Joule heating rate requires self‐consistent specifications of high‐latitude particle precipitation and ion convection patterns. However, general circulation models usually use uncorrelated empirical models to specify high‐latitude particle precipitation and ion convection separately and independently. Here, studies have been conducted to examine the significance of the appropriate spatial alignment of the precipitation and ion convection patterns to the energy input estimation for the upper atmosphere. As shown in Defense Meteorological Satellite Program satellite observations, a close alignment between the particle poleward boundary (PPB) and the convection reversal boundary (CRB) can be identified when the interplanetary magnetic field is strongly southward. To illustrate the importance of this alignment, a comparison between two Global Ionosphere‐Thermosphere Model runs has been conducted. In the first case, the uncorrelated empirical models were used in Global Ionosphere‐Thermosphere Model to specify the high‐latitude electrodynamics. In the second case, the PPB was adjusted to be approximately coincident with the CRB. The alignment between the PPB and the CRB causes changes in the Joule heating distribution and a 50% enhancement of hemispheric integrated Joule heating under extreme conditions. The effect of the alignment on Joule heating and neutral density has also been investigated preliminarily during the 5 August 2011 geomagnetic storm.
Major Climate Variabilities and the Associated Interbasin Relationships Predicted by the APCC In‐House Model
Authors: Kim Seon Tae , Oh Ji‐Hyun , Lee Yun‐Young , Kim WonMoo , Lim A‐Young 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIn this study, a series of analyses were performed to verify the performance of the current Asia‐Pacific Economic Cooperation Climate Center (APCC) in‐house model, the Seamless Coupled Prediction System (SCoPS), for predicting major climate variabilities and the related dynamical processes. The prediction skills for forecasting the major atmospheric and oceanic climate modes and the related circulation patterns in the tropical Pacific, Indian, and Atlantic Oceans were examined. The interbasin relationships between the major modes were also analyzed. Despite slight spatial and temporal shifts, SCoPS simulates the atmospheric responses to the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) well over both the tropical and the northwestern Pacific. The major modes over the Indian Ocean are also reasonably well predicted. The dynamical interaction between the Indian and Pacific Oceans, which is involved in the development of the tropical Pacific modes, is also represented with good accuracy. In case of the Atlantic Ocean, the northern tropical sea surface temperature (SST) variability is better predicted than the southern tropical SST variability. Through examining the characteristics of El Niño‐La Niña asymmetries in forcing the tropical Atlantic variability SST modes, we found that this skill difference could be partly because of too strong linear response of the SST variability in the southern region to ENSO. The North Atlantic Oscillation, one of the major atmospheric modes during boreal winter, was also investigated. It was found that SCoPS reasonably replicates the observed loading pattern and temporal variation but tends to overestimate the relationship between North Atlantic Oscillation and ENSO.
Major Impact of Dust Deposition on the Productivity of the Arabian Sea
Authors: Guieu Cécile , Al Azhar Muchamad , Aumont Olivier , Mahowald Natalie , Levy Marina , Ethé Christian , Lachkar Zouhair 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIn the Arabian Sea (AS), spatiotemporal nutrient limitation patterns of primary production and the possible role of nutrient inputs from the atmosphere are still not well understood. Using a biogeochemical model forced by modeled aerosol deposition, we show that without high atmospheric iron inputs through dust deposition during the summer monsoon, primary production over the AS would be reduced by half. Atmospheric iron deposition also supports most of the nitrogen fixation over the AS. However, our ocean biogeochemistry modeling results suggest that dinitrogen fixation constitutes a negligible fraction of the primary production. Finally, we show that atmospheric inputs of nitrogen, mostly from anthropogenic activities in India, have a negligible impact on primary production.
Alfvénic Fluctuations Associated With Jupiter's Auroral Emissions
Authors: Gershman Daniel J. , Connerney John E. P. , Kotsiaros Stavros , DiBraccio Gina A. , Martos Yasmina M. , ‐Viñas Adolfo F. , Hue Vincent , Clark George , Bagenal Fran , Levin Steve , Bolton Scott J. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe Alfvén wave mode transmits field‐aligned currents and large‐scale turbulence throughout Jupiter's magnetosphere. Magnetometer data from the Juno spacecraft have provided the first observations of Alfvénic fluctuations along the polar magnetic flux tubes connected to Jupiter's main auroral oval and the Jovian satellites. Transverse magnetic field perturbations associated with Io are observed up to ~90° away from main Io footprint, supporting the presence of extended Alfvénic wave activity throughout the Io footprint tail. Additional broadband fluctuations measured equatorward of the statistical auroral oval are composed of incompressible magnetic turbulence that maps to Jupiter's equatorial plasma sheet at radial distances within ~20 RJ. These fluctuations exhibit a k|| power spectrum consistent with strong magnetohydrodynamic turbulence. This turbulence can generate up to ~100 mW/m2 of Poynting flux to power the Jovian aurora in regions connected to the inner magnetosphere's central plasma sheet.
Perturbations of O(1D) VER, Temperature, Winds, Atomic Oxygen, and TEC at High Southern Latitudes
Authors: Shepherd Marianna , Shepherd Gordon , Codrescu Mihail 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe study investigates previously unrecognized wind reversals of the daytime thermosphere in the Southern Hemisphere at latitudes of 50°S–70°S employing observations of O(1D) airglow volume emission rates (VER), temperature, and neutral winds at 170–300‐km height by the Wind Imaging Interferometer. Atomic oxygen densities derived from the Wind Imaging Interferometer O+ (732–733 nm) emission observations were also considered together with contemporaneous observations of total electron content by the TOPEX Poseidon satellite mission. The O(1D) VER for fall equinox (March/April 1994) and summer solstice (January 1995) revealed a peak in the VER over the longitude range of 50°E–150°E, for both seasons and daytime local times. The Doppler temperatures also exhibited a maximum at the same location and times. The co‐located zonal wind field shows a westward trough at 50°E–150°E with wind speeds reaching −450 m/s and an eastward peak at 200°E–300°E. Meridional winds show a “peak and trough” structure over the 50°E–150°E region, with a distinct eastern boundary at ~150°E. During summer solstice the atomic oxygen is depleted at the region of the O(1D) VER enhancement in the presence of westward zonal wind. However, the total electron content observations showed a peak that coincided with the O(1D) VER and temperature enhancements.
Vertical Current Density Structure of Saturn's Equatorial Current Sheet
Authors: Martin C. J. , Arridge C. S. , Case N. A. , Ray L. C. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractRoutine spacecraft encounters with the Saturn current sheet due to the passage of aperiodic waves provide the opportunity to analyze the current sheet structure. The current density is expected to peak where the field strength reaches a minimum if approximated as a Harris current sheet. However, in Earth's magnetotail this is not always the case as the sheet is sometimes bifurcated (having two or more maxima in the current density). We utilize measurements of Saturn's magnetic field to estimate the current density during crossings of the current sheet by time differentiating the Ba component of the field in a current sheet coordinate system, where Ba is perpendicular to both the current and current sheet normal. This is then averaged and organized by the magnitude of Ba. Using this method, we can identify a classical Harris‐style or bifurcated current sheet as a peak at the center or two distinct maxima on either side of Ba=0, respectively. We find that around 10% of current sheet profiles exhibit a bifurcated current sheet signature, which is substantially lower than an ∼25% occurrence rate at Earth.
Diatomite derived hierarchical hybrid anode for high performance all-solid-state lithium metal batteries
Authors: Zhou Fei , Li Zheng , Lu Yu-Yang , Shen Bao , Guan Yong , Wang Xiu-Xia , Yin Yi-Chen , Zhu Bai-Sheng , Lu Lei-Lei , Ni Yong , Cui Yi , Yao Hong-Bin , Yu Shu-Hong 
Published: June 2019

AbstractLithium metal based anode with hierarchical structure to enable high rate capability, volume change accommodation, and dendritic suppression is highly desirable for all-solid-state lithium metal battery. However, the fabrication of hierarchical lithium metal based anode is challenging due to the volatility of lithium. Here, we report that natural diatomite can act as an excellent template for constructing hierarchical silicon-lithium based hybrid anode for high performance all-solid-state lithium metal battery. This hybrid anode exhibits stable lithium stripping/plating performance over 1000 h with average overpotential lower than 100 mV without any short circuit. Moreover, all-solid-state full cell using this lithium metal composite anode to couple with lithium iron phosphate cathode shows excellent cycling stability (0.04% capacity decay rate for 500 cycles at 0.5C) and high rate capability (65 mAh g−1 at 5C). The present natural diatomite derived hybrid anode could further promote the fabrication of high performance all-solid-state lithium batteries from sustainable natural resources.
Long-term stress levels are synchronized in dogs and their owners
Authors: Sundman Ann-Sofie , Van Poucke Enya , Svensson Holm Ann-Charlotte , Faresjö Åshild , Theodorsson Elvar , Jensen Per , Roth Lina S. V. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThis study reveals, for the first time, an interspecific synchronization in long-term stress levels. Previously, acute stress, has been shown to be highly contagious both among humans and between individuals of other species. Here, long-term stress synchronization in dogs and their owners was investigated. We studied 58 dog-human dyads and analyzed their hair cortisol concentrations (HCC) at two separate occasions, reflecting levels during previous summer and winter months. The personality traits of both dogs and their owners were determined through owner-completed Dog Personality Questionnaire (DPQ) and human Big Five Inventory (BFI) surveys. In addition, the dogs’ activity levels were continuously monitored with a remote cloud-based activity collar for one week. Shetland sheepdogs (N = 33) and border collies (N = 25), balanced for sex, participated, and both pet dogs and actively competing dogs (agility and obedience) were included to represent different lifestyles. The results showed significant interspecies correlations in long-term stress where human HCC from both summer and winter samplings correlated strongly with dog HCC (summer: N = 57, χ2 = 23.697, P < 0.001, β = 0.235; winter: N = 55, χ2 = 13.796, P < 0.001, β = 0.027). Interestingly, the dogs’ activity levels did not affect HCC, nor did the amount of training sessions per week, showing that the HCC levels were not related to general physical activity. Additionally, there was a seasonal effect in HCC. However, although dogs’ personalities had little effects on their HCC, the human personality traits neuroticism, conscientiousness, and openness significantly affected dog HCC. Hence, we suggest that dogs, to a great extent, mirror the stress level of their owners.
Development of antiseptic adaptation and cross-adapatation in selected oral pathogens in vitro
Authors: Verspecht Tim , Rodriguez Herrero Esteban , Khodaparast Ladan , Khodaparast Laleh , Boon Nico , Bernaerts Kristel , Quirynen Marc , Teughels Wim 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThere is evidence that pathogenic bacteria can adapt to antiseptics upon repeated exposure. More alarming is the concomitant increase in antibiotic resistance that has been described for some pathogens. Unfortunately, effects of adaptation and cross-adaptation are hardly known for oral pathogens, which are very frequently exposed to antiseptics. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the in vitro increase in minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) in oral pathogens after repeated exposure to chlorhexidine or cetylpyridinium chloride, to examine if (cross-)adaptation to antiseptics/antibiotics occurs, if (cross-)adaptation is reversible and what the potential underlying mechanisms are. When the pathogens were exposed to antiseptics, their MICs significantly increased. This increase was in general at least partially conserved after regrowth without antiseptics. Some of the adapted species also showed cross-adaptation, as shown by increased MICs of antibiotics and the other antiseptic. In most antiseptic-adapted bacteria, cell-surface hydrophobicity was increased and mass-spectrometry analysis revealed changes in expression of proteins involved in a wide range of functional domains. These in vitro data shows the adaptation and cross-adaptation of oral pathogens to antiseptics and antibiotics. This was related to changes in cell surface hydrophobicity and in expression of proteins involved in membrane transport, virulence, oxidative stress protection and metabolism.
Observation of Hofstadter butterfly and topological edge states in reconfigurable quasi-periodic acoustic crystals
Authors: Ni Xiang , Chen Kai , Weiner Matthew , Apigo David J. , Prodan Camelia , Alù Andrea , Prodan Emil , Khanikaev Alexander B. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe emergence of a fractal energy spectrum is the quintessence of the interplay between two periodic parameters with incommensurate length scales. crystals can emulate such interplay and also exhibit a topological bulk-boundary correspondence, enabled by their nontrivial topology in virtual dimensions. Here we propose, fabricate and experimentally test a reconfigurable one-dimensional (1D) acoustic array, in which the resonant frequencies of each element can be independently fine-tuned by a piston. We map experimentally the full Hofstadter butterfly spectrum by measuring the acoustic density of states distributed over frequency while varying the long-range order of the array. Furthermore, by adiabatically changing the phason of the array, we map topologically protected fractal boundary states, which are shown to be pumped from one edge to the other. This reconfigurable crystal serves as a model for future extensions to electronics, photonics and mechanics, as well as to quasi-crystalline systems in higher dimensions.
Remediating Residual Rhotic Errors With Traditional and Ultrasound-Enhanced Treatment: A Single-Case Experimental Study
Authors: Preston Jonathan L. , McAllister Tara , Phillips Emily , Boyce Suzanne , Tiede Mark , Kim Jackie Sihyun , Whalen Douglas H. 
Published: June 2019

PurposeThe aim of the study was to examine how ultrasound visual feedback (UVF) treatment impacts speech sound learning in children with residual speech errors affecting /ɹ/.MethodTwelve children, ages 9–14 years, received treatment for vocalic /ɹ/ errors in a multiple-baseline across-subjects design comparing 8 sessions of UVF treatment and 8 sessions of traditional (no-biofeedback) treatment. All participants were exposed to both treatment conditions, with order counterbalanced across participants. To monitor progress, naïve listeners rated the accuracy of vocalic /ɹ/ in untreated words.ResultsAfter the first 8 sessions, children who received UVF were judged to produce more accurate vocalic /ɹ/ than those who received traditional treatment. After the second 8 sessions, within-participant comparisons revealed individual variation in treatment response. However, group-level comparisons revealed greater accuracy in children whose treatment order was UVF followed by traditional treatment versus children who received the reverse treatment order.ConclusionOn average, 8 sessions of UVF were more effective than 8 sessions of traditional treatment for remediating vocalic /ɹ/ errors. Better outcomes were also observed when UVF was provided in the early rather than later stages of learning. However, there remains a significant individual variation in response to UVF and traditional treatment, and larger group-level studies are needed.Supplemental Materialhttps://doi.org/10.23641/asha.8206640
Long quasi-periodic oscillations of the faculae and pores
Authors: Riehokainen A. , Strekalova P. , Solov’ev A. , Smirnova V. , Zhivanovich I. , Moskaleva A. , Varun N. 
Published: June 2019

Aims. The main goal of this work is to analyze the structural and temporal evolution of small-scale magnetic structures (SSMSs) observed in the solar atmosphere, such as solitary faculae and pores, and reveal long quasi-periodic oscillations of these structures.
Methods. The statistical method of regression analysis and the wavelet transform were used to obtain the periods of oscillations and dependences between the parameters of magnetic structures and periods of oscillations.
Results. Long-period oscillations with periods in the interval of 18−260 min are found for the structurally stable phase of SSMSs at the level of the solar photosphere. These long-period oscillations were interpreted as natural oscillations of the structurally stable long-lived magnetic structures around their equilibrium position. These oscillations, which are of similar nature, are observed in the chromospheric bright formations associated with photospheric SSMSs. Dependences between the magnetic field and the continuum intensity of the facula elements were found. It is shown that the continuum intensity of a SSMS decreases when its magnetic field increases.
Efficacy of Locally Administered 1.2% Rosuvastatin Gel in Patients with Periodontitis: A Randomized Placebo Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Chatterjee Debopriya , Kapoor Anjali , Vijay Sharmistha , Sobti Geetika , Kara Dheeraj , Thanvi Jaishree 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Objective Periodontitis initiation and progression are a result of host immune inflammatory response to oral pathogens. Several pharmacological agents are being delivered locally, to improve periodontal health. Hence, the present randomized placebo controlled clinical trial is designed to check the clinical and antimicrobial efficacy of locally delivered 1.2% rosuvastatin (RSV) in intrabony defects (IBD) in periodontitis patients.
Materials and Methods One-hundred patients were randomly allotted into two treatment groups: group A received 1. 2% RSV gel, scaling and root debridement and group B received placebo gel, scaling and root debridement. Clinical parameters, including modified sulcus bleeding index (mSBI), probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), and plaque index (PI), were recorded at baseline before phase 1 and after 6 months. Radiographic assessment of IBD was done by cone beam computed tomography at baseline and after 6 months. Anaerobic colony count was done at baseline and after 180 days.
Results On intragroup comparison, there is a significant improvement in periodontal parameters in both the groups. On intergroup comparison, there is significant gain in CAL in group A than group B (p = 0.04). There is significant decrease in PD in group A, compared to group B. There is significant bone fill in group A (p = 0.034), compared to group B. With respect to mSBI, PI, and anaerobic colony count, there is no significant difference between the two groups after 6 months. No adverse effect was noticed in any subjects.
Conclusion The author concludes that 1.2% RSV gel when delivered locally into IBD improved periodontal clinical parameters such as PD and CAL and showed significant bone fill.