bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of adding a cognitive task while performing physical fitness tests in women with fibromyalgia
Authors: Villafaina Santos , Collado-Mateo Daniel , Domínguez-Muñoz Francisco J. , Fuentes-García Juan P. , Gusi Narcis 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Fibromyalgia symptoms cause a significant reduction in the ability to perform daily life activities. These activities often require the ability to perform more than 1 task at the same time.
The aim was to investigate how the addition of a cognitive task modifies the performance in physical fitness tests in fibromyalgia and healthy controls.
A total of 61 women participated in this study, 31 of them diagnosed with fibromyalgia by a rheumatologist. They performed 3 physical fitness tests (arm curl, handgrip, and 10-steps stair tests) in 2 conditions:
The dual task cost was calculated as the difference between the performances in the regular and dual-task (DT) conditions.
Healthy controls obtained significantly better results than fibromyalgia in both, dual and single-task conditions. Women with fibromyalgia significantly decreased the performance in the 10-steps stair test when a cognitive task was added. Between-group differences in the dual-task costs (DTC) were not found.
Women with fibromyalgia showed lower physical performance than healthy controls in both, single and dual task conditions. In addition, differences between single and dual task conditions were observed in the 10-steps stair test in women with fibromyalgia. This could be related with a reduction in the ability to perform daily life activities. However, results regarding DTC indicate that both groups may be similarly influenced by the addition of a secondary cognitive. Thus, further research with different difficulty levels of DT conditions is needed in fibromyalgia.
Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-positive familial Mediterranean fever and hyperthyroidism
Authors: Segoe Sorato , Sada Ken-ei , Hayashi Keigo , Yamamura Yuriko , Morishita Michiko , Watanabe Haruki , Matsumoto Yoshinori , Wada Jun 
Published: December 2018

Abstract

Rationale:
Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is a genetic autoinflammatory disorder characterized by serositis and recurrent fever. Previous reports identified patients with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-positive FMF, but vasculitis symptoms were not reported.

Patient concerns:
We report the case of a 44-year-old man with numbness. He had a history of 3 episodes of pleurisy and was being treated with propylthiouracil for hyperthyroidism. Because he was ANCA-positive, we suspected drug-induced ANCA-associated vasculitis and propylthiouracil was discontinued. However, his numbness was not ameliorated, and he again developed high fever with pleurisy.

Diagnosis:
Diagnosis of FMF was finally made, and genetic analysis revealed compound heterozygous mutations in exon 2 of the familial Mediterranean fever gene (L110P/E148Q).

Interventions:
The patient was treated with 0.5 mg/day of colchicine.

Outcomes:
His numbness improved, and fever has not recurred.

Lessons:
Appearance of ANCA and development of vasculitis should be considered in a clinical course of FMF with hyperthyroidism.
Effect of the soft-tissue techniques in the quality of life in patients with Crohn's disease
Authors: Espí-López Gemma V. , Inglés Marta , Soliva-Cazabán Isabel , Serra-Añó Pilar 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBackground:Crohn's disease (CD) is a highly prevalent inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), characterized by recurring flares altered by periods of inactive disease and remission, affecting physical and psychological aspects and quality of life (QoL). The aim of this study was to determine the therapeutic benefits of soft non-manipulative osteopathic techniques in patients with CD.Methods:A single-blind randomized controlled trial was performed. 30 individuals with CD were divided into 2 groups: 16 in the experimental group (EG) and 14 in the control group (CG). The intervention period lasted 30 days (1 session every 10 days). Pain, global quality of life (GQoL) and QoL specific for CD (QoLCD) were assessed before and after the intervention. Anxiety and depression levels were measured at the beginning of the study.Results:We observed a significant effect of the treatment in both the physical and task subscales of the GQoL (P = .01 andP = .04, respectively) and also in the QoLCD (P ≤.0001) but not in pain score (P = .28). When the intensity of pain was taken into consideration in the analysis of the EG, there was a significantly greater increment in the QoLCD after treatment in people without pain than in those with pain (P = .02) The improvements in GQoL were independent from the disease status (P = .16).Conclusions:Soft, non-manipulative osteopathic treatment is effective in improving overall and physical-related QoL in CD patients, regardless of the phase of the disease. Pain is an important factor that inversely correlates with the improvements in QoL.
Comparing the effect between continuous infusion and intermittent bolus of rocuronium for intraoperative neurophysiologic monitoring of neurointervention under general anesthesia
Authors: Ko Myoung Jin , Oh Beomjin , Jung Jae-Wook , Oh Dae Seok , Jin Sung Chul , Kang Eunsu , Kim Yong Han , Kim Se Hun , Kim Hyojoong 
Published: December 2018

Abstract

Background:
Medical researchers have been reluctant to use neuromuscular blocking drugs (NMBD) during the use of intraoperative motor evoked potential (MEP) monitoring despite the possibility of patient movement. In this study, we compared the effects of no NMBD and continuous rocuronium infusion on the incidence of patient involuntary movement and MEP monitoring.

Methods:
In this study, 80 patients who underwent neuro intervention with MEP monitoring were randomly assigned into 2 groups. After an anesthetic induction, bolus of rocuronium 0.1 mg/kg was injected when it was needed (for patient involuntary movement or at the request of the surgeon) in group B, and 5 mcg/kg/min of rocuronium were infused in group I study participants. The incidence of patient involuntary movement and spontaneous respiration, the mean MEP amplitude, coefficient of variation (CV), the incidence of MEP stimulus change and train-of-four (TOF) count were compared.

Results:
The incidence of involuntary movement and spontaneous movement were measured as significantly lower in group I (P < .05). The incidence of undetectable MEP did not differ as measured in both groups. The means and CVs of MEP amplitude in all limbs were significantly lower in group I. The mean TOF counts from 30 to 80 min of operation were significantly higher in group B.

Conclusion:
We conclude that the continuous infusion of rocuronium effectively inhibited the involuntary movement and spontaneous respiration of the patient while enabling MEP monitoring.
Application of graft-derived cell-free DNA in ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency patient after living donor liver transplantation
Authors: Ng Hoi-Ioi , Sun Li-Ying , Zhu Zhi-Jun 
Published: December 2018

Abstract

Rationale:
Graft-derived-cell-free DNA (Gcf-DNA) in plasma was a promising biomarker to monitor graft-rejection after liver transplantation. However, little is known about the application of Gcf-DNA in living-donor-liver-transplantation (LDLT).

Patients concern:
In this study, 2 patients diagnosed with Ornithine Transcarbamylase Deficiency (OTCD) were enrolled and indicated for LDLT.

Diagnoses:
Two patients were genetically diagnosed with OTCD, and they suffered from recurrent and uncontrollable hyper-ammonemia and failed in accepting the normalized OTCD treatments, such as decreasing dietary nitrogen intake and increasing waste-nitrogen excretion.

Interventions:
LDLT was performed in the 2 patients uneventfully, and we collected circulating cell-free DNA from plasma in specific postoperative time points (day 1, day 7, day 14, day 30, day 60). Since both of the recipients were sex-mismatch with the donors, we measured Gcf-DNA through the Y-chromosome method and compared it with the routine liver function.

Outcomes:
The result showed that Gcf-DNA had the similar discrimination of graft injury trend while compared to routine liver function. The follow-up showed these 2 patients’ status is stable.

Lessons:
Applying Gcf-DNA to monitor graft injury in LDLT is promising, but still long term follow-up and more samples are needed for validation.
Intracranial Hemorrhage in Children With Inherited Bleeding Disorders: A Single Center Study in China
Authors: Haque Qareen , Abuduaini Yilifan , Li Huiping , Wen Jianyun , Wu Xuedong , Feng Xiaqin 
Published: December 2018

Background:Intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) is a life-threatening condition in children. Inherited bleeding disorders (IBD) have high risk of ICH.Aim:This single center study aims to identify the incidence, risk factors, and neurological outcome of ICH in children who suffer from IBD.Methods:From 2005 to 2017, 241 children with IBDs from Nanfang hospital, Department of Pediatrics, were evaluated. The ICH episodes were identified by medical history, general physical examination, detailed neurological examination, and computed tomographic or magnetic resonance imaging examination. The risk factors, location of ICH, management strategies, and outcome were noted.Results:ICH was confirmed in 54/241 (22.4%) children with IBD among them 52/54 (96.2%) (95% confidence interval [CI], 91.1%-99.9%) were hemophilia A and hemophilia B patients. The overall risk of ICH among children with IBD was 22.4% (95% CI, 17.2%-27.8%). The median age of ICH was 30 months (0 to 204) and 18/54 (33.3%) (95% CI, 20.3%-46.3%) children had an ICH in the first year of life. Twenty-eight of 52 (53.8%) hemophilic children with ICH were assessed for inhibitor of FVIII and FIX. Nine of 28 (32%) hemophilic children with inhibitor developed the ICH. Six of 52 (11.5%) (95% CI, 2.6%-20.5%) hemophilic children had multiple episodes of ICH in which 4 were inhibitor positive. Thirteen of 54 (24%) (95% CI, 12.3%-35.9%) had positive family history of IBD. Twenty-two (36%) (95% CI, 23.7%-48.5%) of 61 ICH episodes were caused by trauma and 39 (63.9%) (95% CI, 51.5%-76.3%) were nontrauma related. Subdural hematoma was most frequently observed. Mortality risk from ICH in children with IBD was 5/54 (9.2%) (95% CI, 1.3%-17.2%). Eleven (22.4%) (95% CI, 10.3%-34.6%) of 49 survivors had known neurological squeal, whereas 38 (77.5%) (95% CI, 65.4%-89.7%) had no documented evidence of neurological impairment.Conclusions:Hemophilia is the most common IBD and most frequently associated with ICH. Risk and consequences of ICH in IBD were high during the first year of life while in older children better outcome may be expected. The optimal management of ICH depends on immediate recognition and prompt replacement therapy.
Characterization of Brain Signatures to Add Precision to Self-Management Health Information Interventions
Authors: Moore Shirley M. , Musil Carol M. , Jack Anthony I. , Alder Megan L. , Fresco David M. , Webel Allison , Wright Kathy D. , Sattar Abdus , Higgins Patricia 
Published: December 2018

Background
Although many of the proposed mediating processes of self-management interventions are operationally defined as cognitive processes (e.g., acquiring and using information, self-efficacy, motivation, and decision-making), little is known about their underlying brain mechanisms. Brain biomarkers of how people process health information may be an important characteristic on which to individualize health information to optimize self-management of chronic conditions.

Objectives
We describe a program of research addressing the identification of brain biomarkers that differentially predict responses to two types of health information (analytic focused and emotion focused) designed to support optimal self-management of chronic conditions.

Methods
We pooled data from two pilot studies (N = 52) that included functional magnetic resonance imaging during a specially designed, ecologically valid protocol to examine brain activation (task differentiation) associated with two large-scale neural networks—the Analytic Network and the Empathy Network—and the ventral medial prefrontal cortex while individuals responded to different types of health information (analytic and emotional).

Results
Findings indicate that analytic information and emotional information are processed differently in the brain, and the magnitude of this differentiation in response to type of information varies from person to person. Activation in the a priori regions identified in response to both analytic and emotion information was confirmed. The feasibility of obtaining brain imaging data from persons with chronic conditions also is demonstrated.

Discussion
An understanding of brain signatures related to information processing has potential to assist in the design of more individualized, effective self-management interventions.
From A to D
Authors: Jackson Steven D. , Wiering Bethany A. , Bentley Ingrid A. , Herrmann Amanda A. , Hanson Leah R. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Longitudinal myelitis secondary to an acute flare of systemic lupus erythematosus has been reported in the literature. There have been few published cases of complete functional recovery in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus–related longitudinal myelitis (systemic lupus erythematosus–related longitudinal myelitis). Of those cases, none have described in detail the rehabilitation course of treatment. In the current case, intensive rehabilitation was coupled with aggressive pharmaceutical treatment resulting in almost full functional recovery. A 23-yr-old African American woman with a history of systemic lupus erythematosus was originally admitted as an inpatient for flank pain. Overnight, she progressed rapidly to complete flaccid paraplegia classified as T3 American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale A based on the International Standards for Neurological Classification of Spinal Cord Injury. Throughout the next year, she participated in acute inpatient rehabilitation, followed by outpatient rehabilitation (physical, occupational, and aquatic therapies). A year after her initial hospital admission, she progressed to full community ambulation T3 American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale D. This case illustrates the importance of proper medical treatment and a comprehensive rehabilitation program, which improved functional outcomes for a patient with a complete spinal cord injury due to systemic lupus erythematosus–related longitudinal myelitis.
Macropinosome formation, maturation and membrane recycling: lessons from clathrin-independent endosomal membrane systems
Authors: Donaldson Julie G. 
Published: December 2018

Macropinocytosis is a form of endocytosis that brings large fluid-filled endosomes into the cell interior. Macrophages and dendritic cells are especially active in this process, but all cells can be stimulated to initiate this remarkable form of endocytosis. Although much is known about the membrane lipid and actin requirements for initiating macropinocytosis, less is known about the membrane that forms the macropinosome and the fate of that membrane once the macropinosome enters the cell interior. Since macropinocytosis is a specialized form of clathrin-independent endocytosis (CIE), studies of the constitutive internalization and trafficking of cargo proteins and membrane that enter cells independently of clathrin could reveal the types of membrane that form the macropinosome and the machinery that handles cargo sorting and recycling during the maturation of the macropinosome.This article is part of the Theo Murphy meeting issue ‘Macropinocytosis’.
Unusual physiological properties of two ganglion cell types in primate retina
Authors: Rhoades Colleen E. , Shah Nishal P. , Manookin Michael B. , Brackbill Nora , Kling Alexandra , Goetz Georges , Sher Alexander , Litke Alan M. , Chichilnisky E. J. 
Published: December 2018

SummaryThe visual functions of the diverse retinal ganglion cell types in the primate retina, and the parallel visual pathways they initiate, remain poorly understood. Here, the unusual physiological and computational properties of the ON and OFF smooth monostratified (SM) ganglion cells are explored. Large-scale multi-electrode recordings from 48 macaque retinas revealed that these cells exhibited strikingly irregular receptive field structure composed of spatially segregated hotspots, quite different from the receptive fields of previously described retinal ganglion cell types. The ON and OFF SM cells are paired cell types, but OFF SM cells exhibited stronger hotspot structure than ON cells. Targeted visual stimulation and computational inference demonstrate strong nonlinear subunit properties of each hotspot that contributed to the signaling properties of SM cells. Analysis of shared inputs to neighboring SM cells indicated that each hotspot could not be explained by an individual presynaptic input. Surprisingly, visual stimulation of different hotspots produced subtly different spatiotemporal spike waveforms in the same SM cell, consistent with a dendritic contribution to hotspot structure. These findings point to a previously unreported nonlinear mechanism in the output of the primate retina that contributes to signaling spatial information.
Rapid single-cell cytometry data visualization with EmbedSOM
Authors: Kratochvíl Miroslav , Koladiya Abhishek , Balounova Jana , Novosadova Vendula , Fišer Karel , Sedlacek Radislav , Vondrášek Jiří , Drbal Karel 
Published: December 2018

AbstractEfficient unbiased data analysis is a major challenge for laboratories handling large cytometry datasets. We present EmbedSOM, a non-linear embedding algorithm based on FlowSOM that improves the analyses by providing high-performance visualization of complex single cell distributions within cellular populations and their transition states. The algorithm is designed for linear scaling and speed suitable for interactive analyses of millions of cells without downsampling. At the same time, the visualization quality is competitive with current state-of-art algorithms. We demonstrate the properties of EmbedSOM on workflows that improve two essential types of analyses: The native ability of EmbedSOM to align population positions in embedding is used for comparative analysis of multi-sample data, and the connection to FlowSOM is exploited for simplifying the supervised hierarchical dissection of cell populations. Additionally, we discuss the visualization of the trajectories between cellular states facilitated by the local linearity of the embedding.
Incomplete annotation of disease-associated genes is limiting our understanding of Mendelian and complex neurogenetic disorders
Authors: Zhang David , Guelfi Sebastian , Ruiz Sonia Garcia , Costa Beatrice , Reynolds Regina H. , D’Sa Karishma , Liu Wenfei , Courtin Thomas , Peterson Amy , Jaffe Andrew E. , Hardy John , Botia Juan , Collado-Torres Leonardo , Ryten Mina 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThere is growing evidence to suggest that human gene annotation remains incomplete, with a disproportionate impact on the brain transcriptome. We used RNA-sequencing data from GTEx to detect novel transcription in an annotation-agnostic manner across 13 human brain regions and 28 human tissues. We found that genes highly expressed in brain are significantly more likely to be re-annotated, as are genes associated with Mendelian and complex neurodegenerative disorders. We improved the annotation of 63% of known OMIM-morbid genes and 65% of those with a neurological phenotype. We determined that novel transcribed regions, particularly those identified in brain, tend to be poorly conserved across mammals but are significantly depleted for genetic variation within humans. As exemplified by SNCA, we explored the implications of re-annotation for Mendelian and complex Parkinson’s disease. We validated in silico and experimentally a novel, brain-specific, potentially protein-coding exon of SNCA. We release our findings as tissue-specific transcriptomes in BED format and via vizER: http://rytenlab.com/browser/app/vizER. Together these resources will facilitate basic genomics research with the greatest impact on neurogenetics.
Hepatic JARID1a ablation disrupts the transcription adaptation to feeding and alters systemic metabolism
Authors: DiTacchio Kacee A. , Kalinowska Diana , Saran Anand , Byrne Ashley , Vollmers Christopher , DiTacchio Luciano 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe liver is a key regulator of systemic energy homeostasis whose proper function is dependent on the circadian clock. Here, we show that livers deficient in the oscillator component JARID1a exhibit a dysregulation of genes involved in energy metabolism. Importantly, we find that mice that lack hepatic JARID1a have decreased lean body mass, decreased respiratory exchange ratios, faster production of ketones and increased glucose production in response to fasting. Finally, we find that JARID1a loss compromises the response of the hepatic transcriptome to nutrient availability. In all, ablation of hepatic JARID1a disrupts the coordination of hepatic metabolic programs with whole-body consequences.
Bacterial analogs of plant piperidine alkaloids mediate microbial interactions in a rhizosphere model system
Authors: Lozano Gabriel L. , Park Hyun Bong , Bravo Juan I. , Armstrong Eric A. , Denu John M. , Stabb Eric V. , Broderick Nichole A. , Crawford Jason M. , Handelsman Jo 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACTPlants expend significant resources to select and maintain rhizosphere communities that benefit their growth and protect them from pathogens. A better understanding of assembly and function of rhizosphere microbial communities will provide new avenues for improving crop production. Secretion of antibiotics is one means by which bacteria interact with neighboring microbes and sometimes change community composition. In our analysis of a taxonomically diverse consortium from the soybean rhizosphere, we found that Pseudomonas koreensis selectively inhibits growth of Flavobacterium johnsoniae and other members of the Bacteroidetes grown in soybean root exudate. A genetic screen in P. koreensis identified a previously uncharacterized biosynthetic gene cluster responsible for the inhibitory activity. The metabolites were isolated based on biological activity and were characterized using tandem-mass spectrometry, multidimensional NMR, and Mosher ester analysis, leading to the discovery of a new family of bacterial piperidine alkaloids, koreenceine A-D (1–4). Three of these metabolites are analogs of the plant alkaloid γ-coniceine. Comparative analysis of the koreenceine cluster with the γ-coniceine pathway revealed distinct polyketide synthase (PKS) routes to the defining piperidine scaffold, suggesting convergent evolution. Koreenceine-type pathways are widely distributed among Pseudomonas species, and koreenceine C was detected in another Pseudomonas sp. from a distantly related cluster. This work suggests that Pseudomonas and plants convergently evolved the ability to produce similar alkaloid metabolites that can mediate inter-bacterial competition in the rhizosphere.IMPORTANCEThe microbiomes of plants are critical to host physiology and development. Microbes are attracted to the rhizosphere due to massive secretion of plant photosynthates from roots. Microorganisms that successfully join the rhizosphere community from bulk soil have access to more abundant and diverse molecules, producing a highly competitive and selective environment. In the rhizosphere, as in other microbiomes, there is little known about the genetic basis for individual species’ behaviors within the community. In this study, we characterized competition between Pseudomonas koreensis and Flavobacterium johnsoniae, two common rhizosphere inhabitants. We identified a widespread gene cluster in several Pseudomonas spp., which is necessary for the production of a novel family of piperidine alkaloids that are structural analogs of plant alkaloids. We expand the known repertoire of antibiotics produced from Pseudomonas in the rhizosphere and demonstrate the role of the metabolites in interactions with other bacteria of the rhizosphere.