bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Indwelling without the indwelling Holy Spirit: a critique of Ray Yeo’s modified account
Authors: Kroll Kimberley 
Published: July 2019

In 2014, Ray Yeo published a modified account of the Spirit’s indwelling in “Towards a Model of the Indwelling: A Conversation with Jonathan Edwards and William Alston.” Yeo utilizes a conglomerate of Two-Minds Christology and Spirit Christology to provide a metaphysical framework for his model which he believes offers a viable alternative to more traditional merger accounts like those of Edwards and Alston. After providing an overview of Yeo’s objections to the merger accounts of Alston and Edwards, I will summarize Yeo’s modified model. I will argue Yeo’s emphasis on the humanity of Christ in lieu of a literal, internal, and direct union of the Holy Spirit and the human person cannot alleviate the core metaphysical concerns which surface in all accounts of union between the divine and human. Yeo’s misunderstanding of Two-Minds Christology leads him to deny the full humanity of Christ; a humanity upon which his entire account of the indwelling relies. Yeo’s modified model will be shown unsuccessful as an account of the indwelling of the Holy Spirit even if one accepts both his conception of Two-Minds Christology and his conditions for indwelling.
Pembelajaran Mahārat al-Kalām Menurut Rusdy Ahmad Thu’aimah dan Mahmud Kamil al-Nâqah
Authors: Hady Yazid 
Published: July 2019

Many experts about Arabic argue about the nature of language which will have an impact on the pattern of learning Arabic, including that اللغة في الأساس, هي الكلام” According to Mahmud Kamil al-Nâqah the urgency of speaking skills in the context of learning foreign languages ​​is found in the oral aspects of the language itself. The speaking aspect is the main aspect of the foreign language learning curriculum. This opinion clearly indicates that speaking skills (kalām) indicate a person's success in speaking and knowing the language. Because this proficiency is very much related to pronunciation, grammar, vocabulary, listening skills, etc. This research uses descriptive analysis method, and the conclusions obtained based on this research are curriculum design for learning Arabic based on mahārat al-kalām learning theory according to Rusdy Ahmad Thu'aimah and Mahmud Kamil al-Nâqah. Then the use of methods and strategies or techniques based on the right approach will influence the results of language learning goals. The purpose of this study is to analyze the learning of mahārat al-kalām according to Rusdy Ahmad Thu’aimah and Mahmud Kamil al-Nâqah.
Abstrak
Banyak para ahli tentang bahasa Arab berpendapat tentang hakikat berbahasa yang akan berdampak pada pola pembelajaran bahasa Arab, diantaranya bahwa “اللغة في الأساس, هي الكلام”. Menurut Mahmud Kamil al-Nâqah urgensi kemahiran berbicara dalam konteks pembelajaran bahasa Asing terdapat pada aspek lisan pada bahasa itu sendiri. Aspek berbicara merupakan aspek utama dalam kurikulum pembelajaran bahasa Asing. Pendapat ini jelas mengindikasikan bahwa kemahiran berbicara (kalām) mengisyaratkan keberhasilan seseorang dalam berbahasa dan mengetahui bahasa tersebut. Karena kemahiran ini sangat terkait dengan pelafalan, gramatika, kosakata, keterampilan mendengarkan, dan lain lain. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis deskriptif, dan kesimpulan yang didapatkan berdasarkan penelitian ini berupa desain kurikulum pembelajaran bahasa Arab berdasarkan teori pembelajaran mahārat al-kalām menurut Rusdy Ahmad Thu’aimah dan Mahmud Kamil al-Nâqah. Maka Penggunaan metode dan strategi atau teknik yang didasari oleh pendekatan (approach) yang tepat akan berpengaruh terhadap hasil dari tujuan pembelajaran bahasa. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis pembelajaran mahārat al-kalām menurut Rusdy Ahmad Thu’aimah dan Mahmud Kamil al-Nâqah.
Kata kunci: Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab, mahārah kalām, Rusdy Ahmad Thu’aimah, Mahmud Kamil al-Nâqah.
Eksperimentasi Metode Mind Map pada Pembelajaran Nahwu Bahasa Arab untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa
Authors: Seena Endah , Nashirudin  
Published: July 2019

تهدف هذا البحث لمعرفة فرق إنجازات التعليم الكبير بين الفصل التجريبى الذي يستخدمها و الفصل الضابط الذي لا يستخدمها. كان البحث بحثا تجريبيّا وتصميم مجموعة مراقبة الإختبار القبلي و الإختبار البعدي (control group pretest-posttest design). والتحليل بياناته باستخدام اختبار “t” بمساعدة SPSS 16.0. تشير نتائج هذا البحث إلى أن: (۱) يبدأ تطبيق طريقة Mind Map فى الصفّ الثامن أ بالتوضيح عن تسليم المادة و عن تعريف طريقة Mind Map مثالها و نظامها و خطوات صنعها. فى هذه الأنشطة تكون الطلبة يجعلون Mind Map عن المادة جماعيا و يرسل كل المجموعات وكيلا واحدا لشرح Mind Map أمام الفصل. ينعكس المعلم و يخلص المادة فى أخير الدرس. (٢) وجود الفرق الكبير فى إنجازات تعليم الطلبة بين الفصل الذي يستخدم طريقة Mind Map و الفصل الذي لا يستخدمها. يمكن نظر هذا الفرق من قيمة اختبار "t". تشير نتائج الاختبار القبلي و الاختبار البعدي إلى أن = 0.000(2-tailed)Sig. (مقبولHa ). زيادة القيمة المتوسطة للاختبار البعدي فى الفصل التجريبي تحصل على ۷۵.۳٨ بينما فى الفصل الضابط تحصل على ۱٢.۳ من جميع نتائج تحليل البيانات يمكن تخليصها أن طريقة (Mind Map) تستطيع أن ترقي إنجازة تعليم اللغة العربيّة عن النحو.
Abstrak
Tujuan dilaksanakan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbedaan hasil belajar yang signifikan antara kelas eksperimen dan kelas control belajar nahwu bahasa Arab yang menggunakan metode mind map dengan yang tidak menggunakan metode mind map. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen dengan desain penelitian control group pretest-posttest design. Subjek penelitian ini adalah kelas VIII A sebagai kelas eksperimen dan kelas D sebagai kelas kontrol. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara hasil belajar nahwu bahasa Arab yang menggunakan metode mind map dengan yang tidak menggunakan metode mind map. Hal tersebut terlihat pada uji “t” nilai pretest dan posttest kelas eksperimen menunjukkan nilai sig. (2-tailed) = 0.000 (Ha diterima). Peningkatan nilai rata-rata posttest kelas eksperimen mencapai 38.75 point, sedangkan kelas kontrol hanya mengalami peningkatan nilai rata-rata posttest sebesar 3.12 point. Dari hasil analisis tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa metode mind map dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar nahwu bahasa Arab.
Kata Kunci: Metode Mind Map, Nahwu, Hasil Belajar.
Elecsys® and Kryptor immunoassays for the measurement of sFlt-1 and PlGF to aid preeclampsia diagnosis: are they comparable?
Authors: Stepan Holger , Hund Martin , Dilba Peter , Sillman Johanna , Schlembach Dietmar 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Background
For pregnant women with suspected preeclampsia, the soluble fms-like tyrosine-kinase 1 (sFlt-1)/placental growth factor (PlGF) ratio is a biomarker to aid diagnosis. We performed method comparisons between Elecsys® and Kryptor sFlt-1 and PlGF immunoassays and assessed the diagnostic performance for preeclampsia.

Methods
Serum samples from a case-control study involving 113 pregnant women with preeclampsia/elevated liver enzymes and low platelet count (HELLP) and 270 controls were analyzed. sFlt-1 and PlGF were measured using Roche Elecsys® and BRAHMS Kryptor sFlt-1/PlGF immunoassays. The sFlt-1/PlGF ratios were calculated, and Passing-Bablok regression/Bland-Altman plots were performed. Gestation-specific cut-offs, ≤33 and ≥85/≥110, were assessed.

Results
Mean (±2 standard deviation [SD]) differences between the Elecsys® and Kryptor values were: sFlt-1, 173.13 pg/mL (6237.66, −5891.40); PlGF, −102.71 pg/mL (186.06, −391.48); and sFlt-1/PlGF, 151.74 (1085.11, −781.63). The Elecsys® and Kryptor immunoassays showed high correlation: Pearson’s correlation coefficients were 0.913 (sFlt-1) and 0.945 (PlGF). Slopes were 1.06 (sFlt-1) and 0.79 (PlGF), resulting in ~20% lower values for Kryptor PlGF. Sensitivities and specificities using the sFlt-1/PlGF ≥85 cut-off for early-onset preeclampsia (20 + 0 to 33 + 6 weeks) were 88.1%/100.0% (Elecsys®) and 90.5%/96.2% (Kryptor), respectively, and using the ≥110 cut-off for late-onset preeclampsia (≥34 + 0 weeks) were 51.3%/96.5% (Elecsys®) and 78.9%/90.1% (Kryptor), respectively. Using Elecsys® and Kryptor sFlt-1/PlGF, 0% and 3.8% of women, respectively, were falsely ruled-in for early-onset, and 3.5% and 9.9%, respectively, for late-onset preeclampsia.

Conclusions
Despite high correlation between the Elecsys® and Kryptor immunoassays, we observed significant differences between sFlt-1/PlGF and PlGF results. Therefore, sFlt-1/PlGF cut-offs validated for Elecsys® immunoassays are not transferable to Kryptor immunoassays.
Impact of Different Packaging Systems on Selected Antioxidant Properties of Frozen-Stored Broccoli
Authors: Kapusta-Duch Joanna , Leszczyńska Teresa , Borczak Barbara , Florkiewicz Adam , Ambroszczyk Anna 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Broccoli has a very good nutritive value, high antioxidant activity and pro-healthy potential. Freezing is one of best methods for vegetable storage and broccoli belongs to the group of vegetables subjected to this process on an industrial scale. This work investigates the effect of type of container: low density polyethylene (PE-LD) bags and oriented polystyrene (OPS) boxes on selected quality parameters in frozen broccoli. The experimental material was the broccoli cultivar Lord

F1. The vegetable was subjected to blanching, freezing and 3-month storage. At the every stage of an experiment the material was examined in terms of: vitamin C content; β-carotene; total polyphenols; and antioxidant potential, which was determined basing on the ability to quench the ABTS˙
+ free radical. It has been found that vegetables which were kept frozen for 3 months in two types of container had parallel levels of vitamin C, β-carotene; total polyphenols; and similar antioxidative potential.
Start low, go slowly – mental abnormalities in young prolactinoma patients under cabergoline therapy
Authors: Brichta Corinna Melanie , Wurm Michael , Krebs Andreas , Schwab Karl Otfried , van der Werf-Grohmann Natascha 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Background
Prolactin-secreting pituitary adenomas in childhood and adolescence are rare. First-line therapy consists of dopamine agonists (DAs) like cabergoline. Experience in treating prolactinomas in paediatric and adolescent patients is limited.

Methods
This study was a retrospective analysis of clinical data, laboratory data, radiological findings and medical treatment of paediatric and adolescent patients with prolactinomas between 2009 and 2018.

Results
Our cohort of nine patients had a median age at diagnosis of 13 years (range 5–17). Main presenting symptoms were weight gain, disorders of the pituitary-gonadal axis and headache. Treatment with cabergoline resulted in a marked reduction in prolactin concentration in all nine patients. Tumour mass reduction was confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan in seven patients. Noteworthy is that cabergoline therapy triggered frequent adverse effects in a total of eight patients – seven of whom suffered from mental disorders, five of whom had neurological symptoms and five of whom had gastrointestinal problems. The adverse effects occurred at a median dose of only 0.5 mg/week (range 0.25–2.0). Most symptoms were alleviated after the cabergoline dose was lowered. Therapy discontinuation was not necessary in any patient.

Conclusions
Cabergoline effectively lowers prolactin levels and may reduce tumour mass in paediatric and adolescent patients with prolactinomas. Potential adverse effects may include mental disorders and behavioural problems even at low cabergoline doses. Low starting doses and careful individual dose adjustments are required to enable therapy adherence.
Association of the 3′UTR polymorphism (rs11665896) in the FGF21 gene with metabolic status and nutrient intake in children with obesity
Authors: Ruiz-Padilla Alan Joel , Morales-Hernandez Gerardo , Ruiz-Noa Yeniley , Alonso-Castro Angel Josabad , Lazo-de-la-Vega-Monroy Maria Luisa , Preciado-Puga Monica del Carmen , Rangel-Salazar Ruben , Ibarra-Reynoso Lorena del Rocio 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Background
Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is considered an important regulator of lipid and glucose metabolism. However, the role of FGF21 in macronutrient intake and metabolic disease, particularly in pediatric population, still needs further clarification. This study aimed to evaluate the association of rs11665896 in the FGF21 gene with metabolic status and macronutrient intake in a cohort of Mexican children with obesity.

Methods
Eighty-four lean children and 113 children with obesity, from 8 to 11 years of age, were recruited. FGF21 rs11665896 was genotyped by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Somatometric evaluations, nutrient intake, glucose, lipids, insulin and FGF21 serum levels were measured in the obesity group.

Results
The T allele of rs11665896 in the FGF21 gene was associated with obesity (odds ratio [OR] = 1.99, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.14–3.46; p = 0.0151). Subjects with obesity carrying the TT genotype consumed less lipids and more carbohydrates compared to other genotypes. Circulating FGF21 levels correlated negatively with carbohydrate intake (r = −0.232, p = 0.022) and positively with body weight (r = 0.269, p = 0.007), waist (r = 0.242, p = 0.016) and hip girth (r = 0.204, p = 0.042). FGF21 levels were lower in carriers of at least one T allele.

Conclusions
Genetic variants in FGF21 could influence metabolic status, food preferences and qualitative changes in nutritional behavior in children.
Pediatric stroke as the presenting symptom of new-onset type 1 diabetes mellitus without DKA: case report and literature review
Authors: Bharill Sonum A. , Hunter Janel D. , Walsh Elizabeth T. , Crudo David F. , Constantacos Cathrine 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Background
Stroke and other neurologic complications are rare in pediatric type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) without severe diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) or poor glycemic control.

Case presentation
A previously healthy, 10-year-old female presented with acute thalamic stroke, non-acidotic new T1DM diagnosis and negative hypercoagulopathy workup. She received routine insulin therapy and aspirin, and returned to neurologic baseline within a year without stroke recurrence.

Conclusions
The contribution of non-acidotic hyperglycemia to stroke risk is better described in adults. Even though unable to prove causality, this case should at least raise awareness of the possible association of pediatric new-onset diabetes and stroke for optimal outcomes.
National Self-Image as a Justification in Policy Debates: An International Comparison
Authors: Alasuutari Pertti , Vähä-Savo Valtteri , Pi Ferrer Laia 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIn national policymaking speakers commonly refer to models and policies adopted elsewhere as a means to justify a bill. However, empirical analysis of parliamentary talk in eight national parliaments (Argentina, Canada, Chile, Finland, Mexico, Russia, Spain and the USA) reported in this article showed an interesting relationship between two types of justifications: of the eight countries compared, the ones that rank lowest in references to the international community as means to justify or criticize domestic legislation rank highest in the frequency with which national self-image is evoked. Yet these two types of justification exist in the same debates, because the occurrence of both of these discourses correlates with debate length. The variation is due to differences between political cultures: in countries like Argentina and the USA, where national self-image is employed most frequently, speakers have at their disposal stories that bolster beliefs about the country’s uniqueness. In contrast, in the parliaments of Canada and Finland, where references to national self-image are most infrequent, references to the country’s history are rare, and talk about national self-image is entwined with international references.
In vivo electrical impedance measurement in human skin assessment
Authors: Kubisz Leszek , Hojan-Jezierska Dorota , Szewczyk Maria , Majewska Anna , Kawałkiewicz Weronika , Pankowski Edward , Janus Marta , Cwajda-Białasik Justyna , Mościcka Paulina , Jawień Arkadiusz 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Structural and chemical alterations in living tissue are reflected in electrical impedance changes. However, due to the complexity of skin structure, the relation between electrical parameters and physiological/pathological conditions is difficult to establish. The impedance dispersion reflects the clinical status of the examined skin tissue and, therefore, it is frequently used in a non-invasive evaluation of exposing skin to various factors. The method has been used to assess the effect of the fish collagen on the skin of patients suffering from the leg ulcer. Therefore, from a number of different approaches to skin electrical impedance dispersion, the one considered to be safe was selected and applied. This paper presents a short review of different technical approaches to in vivo electrical impedance measurements, as well as an analysis of the results and the effect of fish collagen locally administered on human skin.
The effect of the withdrawal speed on properties of nickel oxide thin films
Authors: Kayani Zohra Nazir , Aslam Atiqa , Ishaque Rabia , Zahra Syeda Nosheen , Hanif Hifza , Maken Noor-Ul-Ain , Khan Hajra 
Published: July 2019

AbstractNickel oxide thin films have been prepared by sol-gel dip-coating technique on glass substrate. It is shown that nickel oxide thin films have poly crystalline nature. Nickel oxide thin films exhibit high transmission (39–85%) in the wavelength range of 400–900 nm, strong absorption between 300 and 400 nm wavelengths and decrease of band gap values are in the range 3.69–3.27 eV with increase of withdrawal speed. High band gap at low withdrawal speed is because of the small average crystallite size, which decreases with increase in withdrawal speed. The SEM micrograph shows cubic crystallites and surface of thin films become dense, smooth and homogeneous with an increase in withdrawal speed. Assessment of nickel oxide deposition conditions provides gateway for effective and cheap solar cells.
TiO2–SiO2 nanocomposite as a highly efficient catalyst for the solvent-free cyclocondensation reaction of isatins, cyclohexanones, and urea
Authors: Janitabar-Darzi Simin , Abdolmohammadi Shahrzad 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
A TiO2–SiO2 nanocomposite catalyzes the one-pot cyclocondensation reaction of 1H-indole-2,3-diones (isatins), 1,3-cyclohexanediones, and urea at T = 70°C under solvent-free conditions with high efficiency. The present method affords the corresponding spiro products in high yields and short reaction time. The unique features of the TiO2–SiO2 nanocomposite are high catalytic activity, ease of preparation, non-toxicity, low loading, and recyclability.
Inclusion of Older Patients with Cancer in Clinical Trials: The SAGE Prospective Multicenter Cohort Survey
Authors: Canouï-Poitrine Florence , Lièvre Astrid , Dayde Florent , Lopez-Trabada-Ataz Daniel , Baumgaertner Isabelle , Dubreuil Olivier , Brunetti Francesco , Coriat Romain , Maley Karin , Pernot Simon , Tournigand Christophe , Hagege Meoin , Aparicio Thomas , Paillaud Elena , Bastuji-Garin Sylvie 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Background
The primary objective was to evaluate the rates of older patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) who were eligible for a clinical trial, invited to participate, and, ultimately, included. The secondary objective was to assess the reasons for ineligibility, noninvitation, and noninclusion and factors associated.

Materials and Methods
The Sujets AGés dans les Essais Cliniques (SAGE; Older Subjects in Clinical Trials) multicenter prospective cohort was established in seven centers (10 departments of medical oncology, digestive oncology, and digestive surgery) between 2012 and 2016. All patients with CRC aged 65 or older were studied. The endpoints were clinical trial availability, patient's eligibility, invitation, and enrollment in a trial.

Results
We included 577 older patients (mean age ± SD: 75.6 ± 7 years; males: 56%; metastasis: 41%). Thirty-seven trials were ongoing (one trial for older patients). Of the 474 patients with at least one available trial for their cancer stage and site, 127 (27%) were eligible; 84 of these 127 (66%) were invited to participate, and 70 of these 84 (83%) were included. In a multivariate analysis, noninvitation was found to be associated with older age (p = .016): adjusted relative risk (95% confidence interval), 0.14 (0.02–0.60) for ≥80 vs. 65–69; 0.54 (0.18-1.04) for 75–79 vs. 65–69; 0.47 (0.17-0.93) for 70–74 vs. 65–69.

Conclusion
Three-quarters of older patients with CRC were ineligible for a clinical trial. One-third of the eligible patients were not invited to participate in a trial, and 17% of invited patients were not included. Few trials are reserved for older patients. Patients aged 80 or older were significantly less likely to be eligible for a trial and invited to participate. Clinical trial identification number: NCT01754636.

Implications for Practice
The results of this study suggest that barriers to participation of older patients in clinical trials are particularly marked at age 80 years or older. Secondly, the results emphasize the need for trials for older patients. Thirdly, there is also a need for more pragmatic “real-world” trials, rather than solely randomized trials performed in idealized settings with strictly selected patients. Large prospective observational cohorts with a precise follow-up of toxicity, functional decline, and quality of life may constitute one way of generating more data on the risk-benefit ratio for cancer treatments in older patients.