bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epifit pada rumput laut di lahan budidaya desa Tumbak
Authors: Mudeng Joppy D. 
Published: July 2019

The purpose of this research was to identify the types of epiphyte that attach to seaweed in cultivation area of Tumbak Village, Posumaen District, Southeast Minahasa Regency. Identifications were done directly in cultivation site owned by farmers and in Laboratory of Aquaculture Technology, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science Sam Ratulangi University. Observations were conducted three times at two weeks interval. Weight of seaweed was measured to obtain data of daily growth rate. In addition, water quality was also measured in situ including dissolved oxygen, pH, temperature and salinity. Research result found there were three species of epiphyte attaching on seaweed K. alvarezii including Ulva reticulata Forsskal, Dictyota dicotoma (Hudson), and Achanthophora spicifera (J. Agardh). Seaweed tested was still clean until the end of research period and only a few of epiphyte was observed. This condition, supported by good water quality during the research period, resulted in very good growth of seaweed with a daily growth rate achieved 4.43%. Keywords: seaweed, epiphyte, daily growth rate
Studies on seagrasses of North Sulawesi, Indonesia and adjacent waters: A critical review
Authors: Wagey Billy T. 
Published: July 2019

The importance of seagrasses in terms of ecological and economic benefits are well-known. This paper describes the status of research on seagrasses conducted so far, with relevance to the North Sulawesi region. Most of the studies done in Indonesia, especially in North Sulawesi, have focused on species richness and biodiversity as well as basic biological questions such as biomass and morphometric differences of certain seagrass species between sampling localities. While several studies have been conducted, there is a general need for Indonesian marine scientists to expand research areas related to food-web dynamics and inter-connectivity of major fishery and nursery habitats (mangroves-seagrass-coral reefs) with the aid of modern tools (e.g. molecular approach). Keywords: benefits, biology, ecology, economic, seagrass
Pemanfaatan kotoran ternak dengan dosis yang berbeda terhadap pertumbuhan dan biomassa cacing sutra (Tubifex sp.)
Authors: Wenda Detiben , Pangkey Henneke , Mokolensang Jeffrie F. F. 
Published: July 2019

The purpose of this study was to analyze the use of cattle dung on the growth and biomass of silk worms. The experiment was conducted at Freshwater Aquaculture Center (BPBAT) Tatelu, Tatelu Village, Dimembe Subdistrict, North Minahasa Regency, North Sulawesi Province, about 35 km from Manado city. The media used was pig manure, chicken manure, cow dung, and fine mud added with EM4. The method used was complete randomized design (RAL) with 4 treatments including A. 500 g of pig manure, 500 g of chicken manure 500 g of cow dung, and 500 g of fine mud; B. 600 g of pig manure, 400 g of chicken manure 500 g of cow dung, 500 g of fine mud; C. 700 g of pig manure, 300 g of chicken manure, 500 g of cow dung, 500 g of fine mud; and K (control) was 2000 g of fine mudinand, each with 3 replications. Water quality parameters measured during the study were temperature, pH, DO, nitrate and nitrite. The results showed that there was a very significant effect on growth but not for the value of silk worm biomass. The highest growth was found in treatment A that was 38 g, while for the highest biomass also in treatment A namely 1.5 g / cm3. Water quality parameters during the study were 24.3-25.4° C, pH 7,1-7,3; DO 2.7-5,7 ppm; nitrate 1.1-1.4 ppm; nitrite 0.011-0.201 ppm.Keywords: Cattle dung, growth, biomass, Tubifex sp., aquaculture
Penambahan madu dalam pengenceran sperma terhadap motilitas spermatozoa, fertilisasi dan daya tetas telur ikan Patin Siam, Pangasius hipophthalmus
Authors: Marthin Lutfi , Watung Juliaan Ch. , Kalesaran Ockstan J. , Ginting Elvi L. , Sinjal Hengky J. , Salindeho Indra R.N. 
Published: July 2019

This research aimed to determine the optimal doses of honey addition on the sperm dilution to optimize spermatozoa motility, fertilization and hatchability of Patin Siam eggs (Pangasius hypophthalmus). The experimental design used was Complete Random Design (RAL). Diluent solution consisted of a physiological NaCl 0.9% and honey. Treatment doses of honey in aqueous diluent sperm tested as treatments were A (0 mL), B (0.2 mL), C (0.4 mL) and D (0.6 mL), each with three replications. Observations made included spermatozoa motility, fertilization and eggs hatchability. The research results showed that the addition of honey had a significant influence on motility, fertilization, and eggs hatchability. This study concluded that the addition of honey in sperm diluent solution with a dose of 0.6 mL of honey in 99.4 mL of NaCl could increase the spermatozoa motility and fertilization of Patin siam. Keywords: honey, motility, fertilization, hatchability, Pangasius hipophthalmus
HÁBITOS ALIMENTARIOS Y CONDICIONES PSICOLÓGICAS ASOCIADOS AL SÍNDROME DE INTESTINO IRRITABLE EN UN HOSPITAL PÚBLICO
Authors: Medrano Egoávil Elizabeth , Calderón Juárez Lucio , Huamán Gonzales Luis , Paco Fernández Miguel , Dámaso Mata Bernardo 
Published: July 2019

Introducción: El objetivo del presente estudio fue identificar los hábitos alimentarios y las condiciones psicológicas que actúan como factores asociados al Síndrome de Intestino Irritable en la consulta ambulatoria del servicio de gastroenterología del Hospital Base II Es-Salud de Huánuco-2009. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional, analítico, longitudinal, retrospectivo de casos y controles emparejado por edad y género. Los casos fueron asegurados diagnosticados de SII según los criterios Roma III del año 2009. Se trabajó con una muestra de 210 pacientes de la consulta ambulatoria del servicio de gastroenterología del Hospital II Es-Salud de Huánuco: 105 casos y 105 controles (Error tipo 1 = 0,05, potencia = 0,8, probabilidad anticipada de casos expuestos = 43,5%, probabilidad anticipada de controles expuestos = 25%). Muestreo por conveniencia. Las variables estudiadas como factores de riesgo para el SII fueron: hábito alimentario y ansiedad/depresión; medidas a través de un cuestionario de hábitos alimentarios adaptado y evaluado por opinión de expertos y la escala HADS respectivamente. Resultados: El promedio de edad de los asegurados fue de 51,32±12,69 años con una distribución por género de 132 mujeres/78 varones. En la evaluación estadística bivariada entre los factores de riesgo estudiados y el SII, se encontró significancia estadística con el hábito alimentario {(p=0,0000; OR=4,36 (IC 95% 2,03–9,83)}. Se analizaron las características clínicas de los asegurados y se encontró relación entre el SII y las siguientes variables: omite la cena (74,3%), come lento (73,5%), come fuera de casa (63,1%), toma medicamentos (67,3%), tiempo antes de acostarse ≤ 1h (68,8%) y molestias o dolor abdominal con los alimentos (76,1%), todos ellos con IC=95%; p<0,05. Conclusiones: Las alteraciones en el hábito alimentario han demostrado estar presentes en los asegurados con Síndrome de Intestino Irritable. El SII se relaciona con la omisión de la cena, velocidad de consumo lenta, comidas fuera de casa, consumo de medicamentos, tiempo antes de acostarse ≤1hora y la presencia de molestias o dolor abdominal con la ingesta de algunos alimentos.
Synthesis of diastereomeric pheromones: adjacent methyl-branched alcohols and ketones
Authors: LE V A N-D U N G , Dang Chi-Hien , Nguyen Cong-Hao , Dang Van-Su , Nguyen Thanh-Danh 
Published: July 2019

Racemic synthesis of adjacent methyl-branched alcohol and ketone pheromones is particularly considered for large scale trap of insects due to their similar activity to the chiral components in field trial. In this work, we presented a straightforward and effective strategy for racemic synthesis of adjacent methyl-branched alcohols to obtain the different diastereomer rates (threo: erythreo = 2:1 and 1:1) via Felkin-Anh model. No effect of alkyl chain lenth on stereoselectivity of adduct has been demonstrated. Moreover, the α-methyl ketones were effectively produced by microwave-assisted oxidation of the respective secondary alcohols using 2-iodoxybenzoic acid (IBX)
Genetic algorithm for the cargo shunting cooperation between two hub-and-spoke logistics networks
Authors: Hu Jingjing , Huang Youfang 
Published: July 2019

Purpose: The overstocked goods flow in the hub of hub-and-spoke logistics network should be disposed of in time, to reduce delay loss and improve the utilization rate of logistics network resources. The problem we need to solve is to let logistics network cooperate by sharing network resources to shunt goods from one hub-and-spoke network to another hub-and-spoke network.Design/methodology/approach: This paper proposes the hub shunting cooperation between two hub-and-spoke networks. Firstly, a hybrid integer programming model was established to describe the problem, and then a multi-layer genetic algorithm was designed to solve it and two hub-and-spoke networks are expressed by different gene segments encoded by genes. The network data of two third-party logistics companies in southern and northern China are used for example analysis at the last step. Findings: The hub-and-spoke networks of the two companies were constructed simultaneously. The transfer cost coefficient between two networks and the volume of cargo flow in the network have an impact on the computation of hubs that needed to be shunt and the corresponding cooperation hubs in the other network.Originality/value: Previous researches on hub-and-spoke logistics network focus on one logistics network, while we study the cooperation and interaction between two hub-and-spoke networks. It shows that two hub-and-spoke network can cooperate across the network to shunt the goods in the hub and improve the operation efficiency of the logistics network.
Barium esophagogram in various esophageal diseases: A pictorial essay
Authors: Debi Uma , Sharma Madhurima , Singh Lokesh , Sinha Anindita 
Published: July 2019

AbstractRecent years have seen a decline in number of barium procedures due to wider availability of cross sectional imaging modalities. Though use of barium esophagography/barium swallow has decreased in day to day clinical practice, it still remains a valuable test for structural and functional evaluation of esophagus. It can be performed as single or double contrast examination or as a multiphasic examination comprising upright double contrast views followed by prone single contrast views. This pictorial essay demonstrates imaging features of various esophageal diseases on barium esophagogram.
MRI evaluation of Kimura’s disease with emphasis on diffusion weighted imaging and enhancement characteristics
Authors: Shaikh Minhaj , Garg Pawan , Sharma Parameshwar , Khera Pushpinder 
Published: July 2019

AbstractKimura’s disease is a rare disease of the head and neck region affecting mainly the adult males in eastern countries. The parotid and periparotid subcutaneous regions are the most common sites in head and neck region. Coupled with peripheral eosinophilia and raised serum IgE levels as characteristic features on hemogram, a painless swelling in parotid and periparotid region is diagnostic of Kimura’s disease. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been an important modality in evaluating lesions of the head and neck region. Recently, interest in the diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) and contrast enhanced MRI (CEMRI) imaging of lesions in Kimura’s disease has been noted to characterize it and differentiate it from other pathologies. We describe a case a recurrent Kimura’s disease of the periparotid region and its MRI features with special emphasis on its characteristics on DWI and contrast enhanced sequences.
Imaging in chronic pancreatitis: State of the art review
Authors: Kamat Rohan , Gupta Pankaj , Rana Surinder 
Published: July 2019

AbstractChronic pancreatitis (CP) is an important gastrointestinal cause of morbidity worldwide. It can severely impair the quality of life besides life-threatening acute and long-term complications. Pain and pancreatic exocrine insufficiency (leading to malnutrition) impact the quality of life. Acute complications include pseudocysts, pancreatic ascites, and vascular complications. Long-term complications are diabetes mellitus and pancreatic cancer. Early diagnosis of CP is crucial to alter the natural course of the disease. However, majority of the cases are diagnosed in the advanced stage. The role of various imaging techniques in the diagnosis of CP is discussed in this review.
Prospective Placebo-controlled Randomized Trial to compare the Efficacy of Ketamine as an Adjuvant to Epidural Steroids in preventing Repeat Blocks in Chronic Low Back Pain
Authors: Singh Saru , Gupta Ruchi , Bawa Chashamjot , Mahajan Lakshmi , Kaur Bhanupreet , Kaur Tavleen 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Low back pain behaves as a “silent epidemic,” ranking first among complications related to work. Often there is a large gap between a patient's desired pain reduction and the minimum percentage of improvement that would make a treatment worthwhile. Consequently, debate continues as to the value of epidural steroid injections, supremacy of one adjuvant over others, various doses, and concentrations in optimizing pain management.

Objective
To compare the efficacy of ketamine vs normal saline as an adjuvant to epidural steroids in chronic low back pain.

Study design
Randomized prospective placebo-controlled study.

Materials and methods
The study was conducted on 60 patients of age group 18 to 70 years having chronic lower backache with or without radiculitis of minimum 3 months duration and having no relief with conventional treatment. The patients selected were randomly allocated into two groups of 30 patients each: Group I (n = 30) given triamcinolone 40 mg, preservative-free ketamine 30 mg (0.6 mL) made up to 6 mL solution with 0.25% bupivacaine and group II (n = 30) given 0.6 mL normal saline instead of ketamine.

Outcome measures
The primary outcome measured was number of patients requiring repeat blocks and number of repeat blocks administered in 3 months. Other outcome measures were functional improvement quantified by visual analog scale (VAS) and Oswestry disability index (ODI) as well as improvement in psychological status by depression scoring, all taken at 2 weeks interval for 3 months. The periprocedural complications were also noted at the end of the study.

Results
In managing lumbar radicular pain with lumbar epidural steroid injection (LESI), ketamine's role as an adjuvant proved to be advantageous for long-term relief by its inhibition of dorsal horn “wind up” phenomenon through N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonism, thus reducing frequency of repeat blocks in group II (ketamine).

Conclusion
Thus to conclude, ketamine's advantage as a drug that prolongs pain relief from LESI is an avenue for further research and promises a bright future in the field of interventional pain medicine.

How to cite this article
Gupta R, Bawa C, Singh S, Mahajan L, Kaur B, Kaur T. Prospective Placebo-controlled Randomized Trial to compare the Efficacy of Ketamine as an Adjuvant to Epidural Steroids in preventing Repeat Blocks in Chronic Low Back Pain. Curr Trends Diagn Treat 2017;1(1):15-21.
Aulacoseira giraffensis (Bacillariophyceae), a new diatom species forming massive populations in an Eocene lake
Authors: Siver Peter A. , Wolfe Alexander P. , Edlund Mark B. , Sibley Joel , Hausman Josh , Torres Paula , Lott Anne Marie 
Published: July 2019

Background and aims – Diatoms began to inhabit freshwater by at least the Late Cretaceous, becoming well established by the early to middle Eocene. Aulacoseira, an important diatom in numerous ponds, lakes and rivers today, was one of the earliest known genera to colonize freshwater ecosystems. Members of this genus with characteristics familiar to those found on modern species became increasingly more abundant by the Eocene, and continued to thrive throughout the Miocene to the present. We describe a new species of Aulacoseira from an early to middle Eocene site near the Arctic Circle in northern Canada.
Methods – Twelve samples taken from the Giraffe Pipe core were analysed in this study. Light and scanning electron microscopy were used to document morphological characters. Morphometric measurements were made from 200 specimens per sample (n = 1200), and used to investigate changes in valve size over time.
Key results – The new species, Aulacoseira giraffensis, has valves with a length:width ratio close to 1, a hyaline valve face, straight mantle striae, a shallow ringleiste, branched linking spines, concave-convex complementarity on adjacent valve faces, and rimoportulae with simple papillae-like structure. The suite of characters, especially the highly branched spines, concave-convex valves and simple rimoportulae, is unique for this species. Large numbers of A. giraffensis specimens were found over a ten-metre section of the core, representing thousands of years. These high concentrations are indicative of abundant, bloom-like, growth.
Conclusions – The locality represents one of the earliest known records of Aulacoseira dominating a freshwater community. Findings confirm that the morphological body plan for the genus was well established by the Eocene. Although findings indicate evolutionary stasis in morphological structure for A. giraffensis over a time scale of thousands of years, oscillations in valve morphometrics could potentially be used to trace changes in the environment of this ancient Arctic waterbody.
The novel species Navicula eileeniae (Bacillariophyta, Naviculaceae) and its recent expansion in the Central Appalachian region of North America
Authors: Potapova Marina G. , Ciugulea Ionel , Minerovic Alison 
Published: July 2019

Background and aims – A novel species of Navicula has been recently discovered in rivers of the central Appalachian Mountains, USA. The purpose of this paper is to formally establish this new species and to determine whether it had been overlooked in the past or is a recent arrival to the area.
Methods – We studied historical collections made in Pennsylvania, Virginia and adjacent areas since the 1940s and housed at the ANSP Diatom Herbarium. Light and scanning electron microscopy was employed to study the morphology of the new species and similar Navicula taxa, including those commonly reported at the same locations, or originally described from the rivers of the eastern United States, such as N. radiosafallax, initially established as N. radiosa var. parva by J.H. Wallace.
Key results – The new species has an unusual shape of the external raphe slit, which is undulate toward the proximal ends. This character was so far found in a single other Navicula species known only from Europe. Examination of historical materials confirmed that N. eileeniae was absent from collections made in the eastern United States before 2007, but has become progressively more common and abundant in the last decade. The prevalence of this species in streams of low to moderate mineral and nutrient content suggests that its recent expansion cannot be explained by pollution. Climate change is also unlikely to have caused the northward expansion of N. eileeniae, as it has never been recorded south from central Appalachia.
Conclusions – The results of this study confirm that a population of previously unknown Navicula species has been expanding in Central Appalachia and suggest that rapid shifts of distributional ranges not readily explainable by environmental changes may occur in protists.
Typification of the puzzling diatom species Neidium iridis (Neidiaceae)
Authors: Hamilton Paul B. , Stachura-Suchoples Katarzyna , Kusber Wolf-Henning , Bouchard Andreanne , Jahn Regine 
Published: July 2019

Background and aims – Confusion over the taxonomic identity of Neidium iridis (Ehrenb.) Cleve (= Navicula iridis Ehrenb.) has persisted for more than 130 years with identifications of valve shapes varying from elliptical to linear and sizes from 100 to 300 µm. This confusion can be linked to the rarity of the species and poor attention to the original line drawings of Ehrenberg. This study examines the type material of Navicula iridis and further uses additional material from North America to define the species Neidium iridis.
Methods – Mica and material from Christian Gottfried Ehrenberg’s Collection were studied to examine Navicula iridis. Light and electron microscope techniques were used to document the variability of valve morphology of original material in comparison with other fossil and recent materials.
Key results – Ehrenberg designated no nomenclatural type for Navicula iridis at the place of its first description, and until recently the original material was not studied. One freshwater extant locality was identified (New York, West Point) in the original 1843 publication, and in his notes and drawings. Examination of the micas and material from the type locality, showed that Navicula iridis was very rare. Two specimens were found that matched the line drawing presented by Ehrenberg. In addition, we examined Ehrenberg’s original material with SEM, as well as two other localities in North America and present LM and SEM documentation of additional valve forms. A further evaluation of the status of Neidium columnaris, Neidium maximum and an unknown taxon in relation to Neidium iridis is presented.
Conclusions – The findings of this study elucidate the taxon Navicula iridis (= Neidium iridis) as described by Ehrenberg in 1843. This will assist in the identification of other large Neidium taxa which to date have been associated with Neidium iridis.
Rampant homoplasy and adaptive radiation in pennate diatoms
Authors: Kociolek J. Patrick , Williams David M. , Stepanek Joshua , Liu Qi , Liu Yan , You Qingmin , Karthick Balasubramanian , Kulikovskiy Maxim 
Published: July 2019

Background and aims – We examine the possibility of the independent evolution of the same features multiple times across the pennate diatom tree of life.
Methods and key results – Features we have studied include symmetry, raphe number and amphoroid symmetry. Phylogenetic analysis, with both morphological and molecular data suggest in each of these cases that the features evolved from 5 to 6 times independently. We also look at the possibility of certain features having evolved once and diagnosing large genera of diatoms, suggestive of an adaptive radiation in genera such as Mastogloia, Diploneis and Stauroneis.
Conclusion – Formal phylogenetic analyses and recognition of monophyletic groups allow for the recognition of homoplasious or homologous features.