bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Validity and reliability of the short-form adolescent health promotion scale among adolescents and young adults in Ghana: methodological study
Authors: Senu Ebenezer , Afari-Gyan Festus Nana , Effah Alfred , Akpobi Solomon , Oppong Success Acheampomaa , Yeboah Kingsley Takyi , Kwarteng Samuel , Abutiate Solomon , Lamptey Augustina , Arafat Mohammed , Boakye David , Anto Enoch Odame , Opoku Stephen , Amoani Benjamin , Sakyi Samuel Asamoah 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background and aim
Assessing health promotion among adolescents and young adults is vital to identify healthy and unhealthy behaviours as well as to evaluate health promotion interventions. However, there is no valid and reliable scale to assess health promotion among Ghanaians. For the first time, this study determined the validity and reliability of the original version of the Short‐Form Adolescent Health Promotion (AHP) scale among adolescents and young adults in Ghana.

Method
This cross-sectional methodological study included 617 adolescents and young adults within Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST) in Kumasi, Ghana. A well-structured questionnaire was used to collect sociodemographic data from study participants. The AHP-Scale was also used to collect data on participants health promoting behaviors. The scale’s validity was evaluated using Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO), Bartlett’s test of sphericity and Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), whilst the reliability was assessed using the Cronbach’s ɑ coefficient. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software version 26.

Results
The KMO and the Bartlett’s test of sphericity were reported to be 0.899 and χ2 (276) = 6682.338 respectively, allowing for EFA with orthogonal rotation. The EFA revealed five factors covering 54.62% of the total variance. The factor loading order of the items did not exactly correspond to the order obtained in the original version of the scale’s validity analysis as the original scale had six factors. This six-factor loading scale was valid in regards to construct validity. The obtained factors included: life appreciation, exercise, stress management, nutrition, and social support. In this current study, Cronbach’s ɑ was calculated at 0.87 for the whole scale and between 0.71 and 0.92 for its subscales. Thus, indicating the current scale reliable.

Conclusion
The six-factor loading scale of the Adolescent Health Promotion scale developed in the present study is acceptable for the validity and reliability assessment. However, the construct validity of this scale should be checked in other samples as it did not cover a large variance of the population. Large population wide studies are also needed to augment the current study findings with additional modifications for the adopted AHP scale.
Reach, uptake, and psychological outcomes of two publicly funded internet-based cognitive behavioural therapy programs in Ontario, Canada: an observational study
Authors: Khan Bilal Noreen , Liu Rebecca H. , Chu Cherry , Bolea-Alamañac Blanca , Nguyen Megan , Thapar Serena , Fanaieyan Roz , Leon-Carlyle Marisa , Tadrous Mina , Kurdyak Paul , O’Riordan Anne , Keresteci Maggie , Bhattacharyya Onil 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
Access to traditional mental health services in Canada remains limited, prompting exploration into digital alternatives. The Government of Ontario initiated access to two internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy (iCBT) programs, LifeWorks AbilitiCBT and MindBeacon TAiCBT, for adults with mental health issues.

Methods
An uncontrolled observational study utilizing secondary retrospective program data was conducted to evaluate the reach, uptake, and psychological symptom changes among participants engaging with either iCBT program.

Results
Between May 2020 and September 2021, 56,769 individuals enrolled in LifeWorks AbilitiCBT, and 73,356 in MindBeacon TAiCBT. However, substantial exclusions were made: 56% of LifeWorks participants and 68% of MindBeacon participants were ineligible or failed to initiate treatment. Consequently, 25,154 LifeWorks participants and 23,795 MindBeacon participants were included in the analysis. Of these, 22% of LifeWorks and 26% of MindBeacon participants completed over 75% of iCBT treatment. On average, LifeWorks participants received 13 ± SD 7.1 therapist messages and sent 5 ± SD 10.3 messages, while MindBeacon participants received 25 ± SD 20.7 therapist messages and sent 13 ± SD 16.4 messages. LifeWorks included synchronous therapist contact averaging 1.4 ± SD 1.9 h per participant, while MindBeacon was purely asynchronous. Baseline severity of anxiety (37%) and depression symptoms (22%) was higher for LifeWorks participants compared to MindBeacon participants (24% and 10%, respectively). Clinically significant changes in anxiety and depression scores were observed: 22% of LifeWorks and 31% of MindBeacon participants exhibited reliable recovery in PHQ-9 scores, while 26% of LifeWorks and 25% of MindBeacon participants demonstrated reliable recovery in GAD-7 scores.

Conclusion
In conclusion, iCBT programs show promise for engaged participants with varying levels of severity in anxiety and depression symptoms. Future iterations of iCBT should consider adopting a broad entry criterion to iCBT programming to increase accessibility, especially for those with severe symptoms, alongside integrated intake care pathways, and potential payment structure adjustments for iCBT service providers. Taken all together, these factors could temper high dropout rates post-intake assessment. This evaluation underscores the potential and value of digital mental health interventions for individuals with mild to severe anxiety or depression symptoms, emphasizing the importance of addressing participant dropout.
Characterization and prediction of hydraulic properties of traffic-compacted forest soils based on soil information and traffic treatments
Authors: Martin Manon , Chanzy André , Lassabatere Laurent , Legout Arnaud , Pousse Noémie , Ruy Stéphane 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Key message
The hydraulic properties of compacted and rutted soils were evaluated through in-situ infiltration experiments and predicted based on soil texture class and traffic treatments. A significant decrease in saturated soil water content and soil hydraulic conductivity at saturation was observed. The resulting soil hydraulic parameters, when integrated into a soil water transfer model, effectively simulated water dynamics in these impacted forest soils, providing a crucial first step toward developing decision support tools for real-time trafficability. This approach can assist forest managers in minimizing the extent of soil compaction.

Context
To overcome trafficability issues of forest soils induced by heavy logging machinery, planning support tools are needed to determine suitable soil moisture conditions for traffic.

Aims
This study aimed to identify the soil properties that differ significantly between undisturbed and compacted soils and to provide several estimation tools to predict the hydraulic properties of compacted soils beneath the skid trails.

Methods
Four hundred seventeen water infiltration tests were conducted on 19 forest sites, mostly in North-eastern France, and analysed with the BEST method to estimate the hydraulic properties of the skid trails and undisturbed soils. The hydraulic properties of the skid trails were predicted thanks to linear mixed effect models using a bulk treatment effect, a site effect, or a skid trail degradation score. The predicted hydraulic properties were tested using a water flow model to assess their relevance regarding the prediction of water dynamics in skid trails.

Results
The compaction effect was only significant for the logarithm of the hydraulic conductivity at saturation (log10(Ksat)) and the soil water content at saturation (θsat). For the skid trails, θsat was reduced by - 0.02 and − 0.11 m3m−3 in the 0 − 10 cm and 15 − 25 cm layers respectively, compared to undisturbed topsoil (0 − 10 cm). log10(Ksat) was reduced by − 0.38 and − 0.85 for skid trails in the 0 − 10 and 15 − 25 cm soil layers respectively, compared to undisturbed topsoil. The use of a pedotransfer function, in replacement of water infiltration tests, and their combination with the same correction coefficients proved to efficiently simulate the difference in water dynamics between skid trails and undisturbed forest soils.

Conclusion
Estimation of soil hydraulic properties based on in situ water infiltration experiments proved efficient to simulate water dynamics in compacted and rutted forest soils. Yet, further studies are needed to identify the most adapted pedotransfer function to forest soils and to test the generalisation of our findings in different conditions, especially deeply rutted soils (rut depths > 12 cm).
Bending Behavior of RC Beams with Regular Web Openings and Non-corroding GFRP Reinforcement
Authors: Kartal Saruhan , Kısıklı Emin 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe present study pertains to the flexural behavior of RC beams with openings and non-metallic (GFRP) reinforcement. The main goal of preferring GFRP reinforcement over the conventional steel reinforcement was to safeguard the beams against the reinforcement corrosion. The presence of multiple regular transverse openings throughout the beam length increases the susceptibility of reinforcing bars to corrosion as the larger contact area in these beams with the outside environment increases the ingress of corrosive agents. Within the scope of the study, a total of 8 RC beams, including two reference beams without web openings, were tested under four-point bending. The test parameters were the flexural reinforcement ratio, the presence of short stirrups in the chords, and the presence of diagonal reinforcement spiraling around the openings. Since GFRP stirrups are difficult to bend, each stirrups was formed by connecting four individual FRP bars around the longitudinal bars. The opening circular geometry was adopted to avoid stress concentrations around the sharp corners of opening and to facilitate the placement and fixing of different schemes of reinforcement in the beams. The present tests depicted that the diagonal reinforcement around the openings have considerable contribution to the flexural behavior of RC beams with GFRP reinforcement and with multiple regular transverse openings. The RC beams with openings were able to approach their analytical flexural capacities in the presence of diagonal reinforcement for both moderately and heavily reinforced beam groups. The analytical deflection predictions of GFRP-RC beams with openings showed a good agreement with experimental data.
Psychosocial and personal predisposing factors of frostbite injury and associated amputation: a systematic review
Authors: Essien Samuel Kwaku , Chireh Batholomew , Steinberg Chantee , Omondi Phinehas , Zucker-Levin Audrey 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Objective
To date, systematic reviews of frostbite injuries predominantly focus on the treatment of frostbite, which narrows the scope of prevention and disregards the impact of frostbite-related predisposing factors. Comprehensively synthesizing relevant evidence to understand the psychosocial and personal predisposing factors to frostbite injury and related amputation would provide new insight into frostbite injury prevention. This review investigated the psychosocial and personal predisposing factors of frostbite injury and associated amputation.

Methods
Databases, including Embase, PubMed, and PsycINFO, were systematically searched for relevant studies. Two independent reviewers performed the screening, data extraction, and quality assessment. Inclusion criteria were studies that reported cold injury, predisposing factors for frostbite injury or related amputations, and assessed the relationship between a predisposing factor and the frostbite injury or amputation outcome based on a descriptive or inferential test.

Results
Thirty-six (36) studies met the inclusion criteria; 29 reported on both frostbite injury and amputations, and seven reported on only frostbite injury. Six psychosocial predisposing factors were observed in 28 out of the 36 studies reviewed, which included people experiencing homelessness, low socioeconomic status, alcohol intoxication/abuse, smoking, psychiatric disorders, and substance use. Personal predisposing factors identified included inadequate/improper winter clothing, delay in seeking medical care, and lack of knowledge of how to deal with the cold.

Conclusions
While it is crucial to allocate additional resources and research toward improving the treatment of individuals affected by frostbite injuries and associated limb loss, it is equally important to direct efforts toward addressing the psychosocial and personal predisposing factors that predispose individuals to these injuries and amputations.
GLUT1 and prorenin receptor mediate differential regulation of TGF-β and CTGF in renal inner medullary collecting duct cells during high glucose conditions
Authors: Larenas Paulina E. , Cárdenas Pilar , Aguirre-Delgadillo Monserrat , Moris Carlos , Casarini Dulce E. , Vallotton Zoe , Prieto Minolfa C. , Gonzalez Alexis A. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
During diabetes, prorenin is highly produced by the renal collecting ducts. The binding of prorenin to (pro)renin receptor (PRR) on the apical plasma membrane triggers intracellular profibrotic genes, including TGF-β and CTGF. However, the underlying mechanisms contributing to the stimulation of these pathways remain unclear. Hence, we hypothesize that the glucose transporter-1 (GLUT1) favors the PRR-dependent stimulation of TGF-β and CTGF in the distal nephron segments during high glucose (HG) conditions.

Methods
To test this hypothesis, primary cultured renal inner medullary collecting duct (IMCD) cells were treated with normal glucose (NG, 5 mM) or high glucose (HG, 25 mM) for 48 h in the presence or absence of the GLUT1-specific inhibitor BAY 876 (2 nM). Additionally, IMCD cells were treated with the PRR antagonist PRO20. The expression of TGF-β and CTGF was quantified by immunoblot and qRT-PCR.

Results
HG increased GLUT1 mRNA and protein abundance, while BAY 876 inhibited these responses. HG treatment upregulated PRR, but the concomitant treatment with BAY 876 partially prevented this effect. TGF-β and CTGF expressions were augmented in IMCD cells treated with HG. However, PRO20 prevented the increases in TGF-β but not those of CTGF. GLUT1 inhibition partially prevented the increases in reactive oxygen species (ROS) during HG while PRO20 did not. ROS scavenging impaired CTGF upregulation during HG conditions. Additionally, long-term exposure to HG increases lipid peroxidation and reduced cell viability.

Conclusions
The data indicate that glucose transportation via GLUT1 is implicated in the PRR-dependent upregulation of TGF-β while CTGF is mediated mainly via a mechanism depending on ROS formation in renal medullary collecting duct cells.
Phenotyping of a new yeast mapping population reveals differences in the activation of the TORC1 signalling pathway between wild and domesticated yeast strains
Authors: Rocha Guilherme , Gómez Melissa , Baeza Camila , Salinas Francisco , Martínez Claudio , Kessi-Pérez Eduardo I. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractDomestication can be understood as a symbiotic relationship that benefits both domesticator and domesticated species, involving multiple genetic changes that configure the phenotype of the domesticated species. One of the most important domesticated species is the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, with both domesticated strains used for different fermentations processes for thousands of years and wild strains existing only in environments without human intervention; however, little is known about the phenotypic effects associated with its domestication. In the present work, we studied the effect of domestication on yeast TORC1 activation, a pleiotropic signalling pathway conserved across the eukaryotic domain. To achieve this goal, we improved a previously generated methodology to assess TORC1 activation, which turned out to be as effective as the original one but also presents several practical advantages for its application (such as facilitating confirmation of transformants and putting the Luc reporter gene under the control of the same PRPL26A promoter for each transformed strain). We then generated a mapping population, the so-called TOMAN-G population, derived from the “1002 Yeast Genomes Project” population, the most comprehensive catalogue of the genetic variation in yeasts. Finally, strains belonging to the TOMAN-G population were phenotyped for TORC1 activation, and then we compared the results obtained between yeast strains with different ecological origins, finding differences in TORC1 activation between wild and domesticated strains, particularly wine strains. These results are indicative of the effect of domestication on TORC1 activation, specifically that the different evolutionary trajectories of wild and domesticated strains have in fact caused differences in the activation of this pathway; furthermore, the phenotypic data obtained in this work could be used to continue underlying the genetic bases of TORC1 activation, a process that is still not fully understood, using techniques such as GWAS to search for specific genetic variants underlying the observed phenotypic variability and phylogenetic tree inferences to gain insight into the evolutionary relationships between these genetic variants.
Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry for rapid analysis of eight Gelsemium elegans Benth alkaloids in human plasma and urine
Authors: Zeng Xi , Wang Yu , Luo Lin , Lu Yina , Xu Zhenlin 
Published: November 2024

AbstractGelsemium elegans Benth alkaloids are the main components of G. elegans and can cause acute toxicosis or even death. Although several studies have reported methods for detecting G. elegans alkaloids, a high-throughput and environmental-friendly strategy for detection of multiple G. elegans alkaloids has not been realized. In this work, a matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry method was developed for rapid detection of G. elegans alkaloids in human plasma and urine for diagnosis of poisoning. Multiple matrices and crystal spotting methods were evaluated to obtain stable and high peak intensities without “sweet spot”. We verified the methodology and obtained excellent results. The matrix effects with different dilutions were compared and good recoveries and a low relative standard deviation were obtained with a 40-fold dilution. This method could shorten the analysis time and greatly reduce the consumption of chemical solvents. Furthermore, it could be applied to quantitative assessment of G. elegans alkaloid poisoning incidents.
Rhythms in insect olfactory systems: underlying mechanisms and outstanding questions
Authors: Lou Lan , Tu Zhijian Jake , Lahondère Chloé , Vinauger Clément 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT
Olfaction is a critical sensory modality for invertebrates, and it mediates a wide range of behaviors and physiological processes. Like most living organisms, insects live in rhythmic environments: the succession of nights and days is accompanied by cyclic variations in light intensity and temperature, as well as in the availability of resources and the activity of predators. Responding to olfactory cues in the proper temporal context is thus highly adaptive and allows for the efficient allocation of energy resources. Given the agricultural or epidemiological importance of some insect species, understanding olfactory rhythms is critical for the development of effective control strategies. Although the vinegar fly Drosophila melanogaster has been a classical model for the study of olfaction and circadian rhythms, recent studies focusing on non-model species have expanded our understanding of insect olfactory rhythms. Additionally, recent evidence revealing receptor co-expression by sensory neurons has brought about an ongoing paradigm shift in our understanding of insect olfaction, making it timely to review the state of our knowledge on olfactory rhythms and identify critical future directions for the field. In this Review, we discuss the multiple biological scales at which insect olfactory rhythms are being analyzed, and identify outstanding questions.
Using the ReSPECT emergency care and treatment plan in a community hospital: a quality improvement initiative
Authors: Penhale Christine , Evans Catherine , O'Hara Lisa , Arnold Lorraine 
Published: November 2024

Background: The Recommended Summary Plan for Emergency Care and Treatment (ReSPECT) is a care plan to guide emergency treatment when the person cannot contribute. ReSPECT is important in supporting adults at risk of decline. Aim: To implement, evaluate and embed ReSPECT conversations to improve patient safety out of hours and support involvement of patients and their families. Methods: A quality improvement design underpinned by normalisation process theory (NPT) undertaken in a 35-bed community hospital ward between May 2022 and September 2023. Organisational prioritisation, facilitators, and champions supported the plan. Evaluation analysed ReSPECT plans, observations and a follow-up focus group. Results: ReSPECT conversations increased by 43% over 1 year (23 to 32 patients), and in quality (from 15/23 patients with a do not attempt cardiopulmonary resuscitation decision recorded and no ReSPECT plan to 32/35 with an individualised ReSPECT plan). Conclusions: ReSPECT could be implemented in community hospitals with facilitators and champions to deliver and embed change. The implementation plan is informing wider rollout across community hospital wards for adults with frailty and multiple conditions.
The antimicrobial properties of exogenous copper in human synovial fluid against Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Diaz Dilernia Fernando , Watson David , Heinrichs David , Vasarhelyi Edward 
Published: November 2024

AimsThe mechanism by which synovial fluid (SF) kills bacteria has not yet been elucidated, and a better understanding is needed. We sought to analyze the antimicrobial properties of exogenous copper in human SF against Staphylococcus aureus.MethodsWe performed in vitro growth and viability assays to determine the capability of S. aureus to survive in SF with the addition of 10 µM of copper. We determined the minimum bactericidal concentration of copper (MBC-Cu) and evaluated its sensitivity to killing, comparing wild type (WT) and CopAZB-deficient USA300 strains.ResultsUAMS-1 demonstrated a greater sensitivity to SF compared to USA300 WT at 12 hours (p = 0.001) and 24 hours (p = 0.027). UAMS-1 died in statistically significant quantities at 24 hours (p = 0.017), and USA300 WT survived at 24 hours. UAMS-1 was more susceptible to the addition of copper at four (p = 0.001), 12 (p = 0.005), and 24 hours (p = 0.006). We confirmed a high sensitivity to killing with the addition of exogenous copper on both strains at four (p = 0.011), 12 (p = 0.011), and 24 hours (p = 0.011). WT and CopAZB-deficient USA300 strains significantly died in SF, demonstrating a MBC-Cu of 50 µM against USA300 WT (p = 0.011).ConclusionSF has antimicrobial properties against S. aureus, and UAMS-1 was more sensitive than USA300 WT. Adding 10 µM of copper was highly toxic, confirming its bactericidal effect. We found CopAZB proteins to be involved in copper effluxion by demonstrating the high sensitivity of mutant strains to lower copper concentrations. Thus, we propose CopAZB proteins as potential targets and use exogenous copper as a treatment alternative against S. aureus.