bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Militarization of Information in Current Conflicts
Authors: Stojar Richard 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The information technologies used in the contemporary conflicts and the overall availability of social nets generate a number of usable information for their actors. This information environment breeds the chance of conducting the sophisticated and targeted operation of disinformation and effective impact on the actors involved as well as regional or global ones. While the information and propaganda dimension is not a completely new phenomenon, technological development has greatly strengthened its importance in the contemporary world. The development of modern media and communication tools in the 20th century have significantly influenced the very limited means of providing the information to society while the development of the Internet has made far more effective targeting of information on selected social groups than at any time in the past. The phenomenon of information warfare is therefore becoming increasingly frequent, and it is also possible to talk about the new character that conflicts gain through the information dimension. The paper tries to characterize and analyze the importance of the information environment in the current conflicts. Attention is focused on existing and new forms of propaganda, strategic communication and information operations on the social network.
An Approach for Survey of the Sustainable Development at Regional Level: Case of Bulgaria
Authors: Ivanov Ivaylo 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Many national and EU strategies and documents put targets that will lead to a positive change for people and better life. For examples, the EU 2020 strategy assess the progress by indicators focused on employment, investment in research and development, education, energy efficient and risk of poverty. The system for monitoring of sustainable development in Bulgaria includes 56 indicators grouped in ten key areas such as socio-economic development, sustainable consumption and production, social inclusion, demographic changes, public health, sustainable transport, natural resources, global partnership and good governance. But at regional level, these sets of indicators are difficult to apply by many reasons. The aim of research was testing of an approach for survey of the sustainable development of a territorial unit. A complex index for assessment of sustainable development of territorial units was design by set of significant indicators, which evaluate socio-economic conditions for life and development in the territorial unit. The approach and the index were applied for survey of NUTS 3 level regions in Bulgaria, according the EU legislation, by using the last available official data of the National Statistical Institute of Bulgaria. Benefits of the approach using were summarized.
Study Regarding the Planning Stage of the Romanian Public Procurement Process
Authors: Popa Ioan Gabriel , Ispas Roxana 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
In order to award a public procurement contract for the acquisition of a product, work or service, the contracting authority must follow a succession of stages, which represent a public procurement process. As a stage of the public procurement process, planning represents all the activities carried out in public institutions that determine their main objectives, the manner in which they are achieved, and what resources will be used during the process. Planning the procurement process is crucial. Failure to properly implement it results in errors and problems during the process of awarding and implementing the contract. The general objective of the paper is to identify and solve the problems that arise during the process of planning the public procurement in Romania, by identifying and anticipating some directions leading to the improvement of the entire public procurement system.
Micro Enterprises Crediting. Practical Aspects
Authors: Ṭḯrlea Mariana Rodica 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
In a market economy, the credit assures a transfer of repayable value for a limited period of time in exchange for a price that is referred to as interest on credit. The role of the credit is to generate liquidity flows for its beneficiary in such a way as to enable him, on the one hand, to honour his obligations to the bank, namely the payment of the monthly rate of credit, interest, bank commissions as well as the insurance of the contracted loan and on the other hand to obtain a profit. In order to benefit from loans, micro-enterprises are analyzed by banks through methods, policies, tools and techniques of each bank. The credit decision will be taken by the bank only after it has ensured that potential borrowers are in line with the rules and lending regulations of the lending bank.
Streamlining Multinational Logistical Support from a Normative Point of View
Authors: Pînzariu Sorin , Pleşanu Toma 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Conceptual changes in the last period of time in terms of normative regulation of logistical support in post-conflict operations, highlights the fact that most often the conceptual plan takes place before The normative plan and the distances existing between the time of occurrence and implementation of concepts, definitions, summaries, deadlines and regulatory regulation, are becoming larger in particular because of the fluid way in which The aforementioned military actions and due to the involvement or non-involvement of NATO (EU) member States in the efforts of the two organisations.
The Development of Legal Regulation of the Combating Corruption – Main Criteria for the Confirmation of Democratic Values in the European Society
Authors: Pisarska Galina 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Corruption poses a serious danger to the democratic foundations of each country. The need of an effective legal mechanism for combating corruption is increasingly being interpreted as key criteria for strengthening democratic institutions and introducing modern standards of transparency and democratic control into the governance of society. There are adopted a number of national, regional and international legal anticorruption acts which are particularly important, especially in the context of Bulgaria’s integration processes in the European area. In this connection, ensuring the democratic values in European society represents a big challenge for regulatory claims and capabilities of law with a view to the dynamic development of society. The current survey examines at the main type the development of anticorruption legal framework and aims to provide guidance for optimizing and improving the existing system of effective measures for the fighting against corruption and to clarify its place in the confirmation of democracy.
Cancellation and Termination of Assignment Contract of Patrimonial Rights of the Author
Authors: Sfârlog Tudor-Vlad 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The present study offers the doctrine of the right of intellectual creation new perspectives on the study of the institution of termination of the assignment contract for the patrimonial rights resulting from the intellectual creation. We believe that the present study is rich in doctrinal contributions, formulating new theses and opening the prospect for new perspectives of scientific research. Last but not least, we appreciate that the proposals made in the present study contribute not only to the activity of opinionated in the field, but also to the work of practitioners and direct beneficiaries of the legal provisions on the assignment of patrimonial rights of authors.
From Word to Idea: Freewriting
Authors: Morar Lucia-Larissa , Boştină-Bratu Simona , Negoescu Alina Gabriela 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The aim of the article is to offer a variety of simple resources to foreign language teachers who consider their students’ creativity very important. The activities that we propose apply to all levels of the students and can be adapted to different grammatical structures and vocabulary according to the target students. We undertook research on freewriting in a foreign language class in sophomore cadet groups. At the center of this research, there are students’ products (free texts) and methods used in carrying out the writing activity (writing strategies and solutions for linguistic problems). Since writing has always been a difficult skill and an unpleasant task for most of the students, with this new approach they have found a way of enjoying their own pieces of writing.
Globalization Trends in the Security Environment and Education of Military Professionals in the Slovak Armed Forces
Authors: Petrufová Mária , Nagyová Lenka 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The authors of the article highlight globalization trends in the current understanding of the security sector. They emphasize the mission and current requirements for the Slovak Armed Forces and preparation of future military experts in accordance with cosmopolitan policy of NATO and the EU. The authors also underline the need to address the key competences in terms of the relationship manager - leader and a professional soldier not only within the framework of university education, but also within the framework of lifelong and career education in the Slovak Republic.
Couple Villages from the Făgăraş Land, with their History and Ethnographic Peculiarities
Authors: Sorea Daniela , Băjenaru Elena 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The Făgăraș Land is an old Romanian state formation on the territory of Transylvania. Geographically located between the Olt and the Meridional Carpathians, the Făgăraș Land is considered the starting point of the founders of Wallachia. It was caught between the interests and pride of the Hungarian Kingdom and those of the Romanian lords throughout the Middle Ages, and suffered invasions of the Tartars. The memory of the latter is preserved in the collective memory of the locals, especially in the legends about the rocks that girls chased by attackers have jumped off. Many of the villages of Fagaras are arranged in pairs, one in the Olt meadow and the other in the mountain. Over time, there have been differentiations in the folk garment and traditions between the couple villages, but also between neighbouring couple villages. These differences strenghten the community identity of the Făgăraș Land villagers and indicate the existence of significant intangible cultural heritage resources in the area.
Experimental Research on Textile and Non-Textile Materials with Applications to Ensure Electromagnetic and Bio-Electromagnetic Compatibility
Authors: Baltag Octavian , Apreutesei Alina Lacrămioara , Roșu Georgiana , Mihai George 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The paper presents a synthesis of the research performed on the electromagnetic properties and characterization of textile and non-textile materials with applications in shielding and protection from the electromagnetic field. The composite structures of functional textiles intended for protective clothing or general applications for electromagnetic immunity are presented and characterized. There are analyzed composite textiles with amorphous, ferrous or non-ferromagnetic metallic threads manufactured by means of woven and knitting classical technologies as well as materials using non-metallic, electrically conductive powders. The properties of the plain jersey, rib jersey, full and half cardigan fabric, Milano rib, are presented, too. Besides textiles, there are also characterized some composite and non-composite structures using metallic yarns and carbon powder. Another direction of interest relates to the use of textile materials with amorphous metal structure with the scope of achieving a more efficient protection to the electromagnetic fields used in cellular systems and Wi-Fi networks. In addition, a comparative analysis of the methods of characterization of composite structures is made.
Analysis of Materials Used in the Construction of Electric Motors
Authors: Bordianu Adelina , Samoilescu Gheorghe 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The paper presents the evolution of electric motors from the point of view of the materials used. Magnetic materials and composite materials, which are used in the construction of electrical machines, are analysed. Composite materials based on magnetic materials have a large coercive field, a wider hysteresis cycle, they cannot be easily demagnetized and they absorb better the vibration energy - therefore the noise is reduced. In the design of electric machines, the aim is to obtain a higher magnetic permeability across the frequency spectrum and to reduce the losses in iron and copper. We analysed the radial electric motors with cylindrical magnets, electric motors in discoidal form with axial field and motors with magnets with transverse flux. Hard magnetic materials were presented and the advantage of their use was highlighted - they retain a significant residual magnetization which translates into a significant saturation magnetization. The synthesis of Fe nanoparticles is performed and the composite materials obtained from iron powders with organic or inorganic binders are analysed with the purpose of reducing iron losses in electric motors.
Missions and Actions Specific to Cyberspace Operations
Authors: Pătraşcu Petrișor 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Currently, the digitization of society has become a major phenomenon worldwide, making its mark in everyday life of people and the activities of most organizations. Significant contributions to the emergence of this phenomenon consisted of the continued availability of services offered by the global Internet network, the diversity, the number and the usefulness of digital devices and digital competence development of people. Thus, cyberspace has become a good opportunity for malicious people. Today, cyber-attacks are very complex and sophisticated, supported and used, by state actors in their own economic, political, military or informational interest. Military organizations are targeted by cybercriminals to get as much information as possible, and the more valuable is the information, the more the attacker’s interest is increased. Investments in such actions are supported by state actors themselves. These actions are lasting, well organized and with an increased effort of human, financial and informational resources. In this context, cyberspace is identified as a domain of operations, recognized by NATO since 2016. With this accreditation, the world’s states, whether or not they are members of the alliance, have changed their approach to cyber security, by getting involved both in the content of strategies, doctrines, procedures or other regulations, and in the establishment and development of specialized structures, having qualified personnel, technique and proper equipment meant to meet the current safety standards. Missions and actions specific to cyberspace operations involve special attention from government institutions accredited in the fields of country defence and national security. When taking into account elements related to cyber defence in the strategic planning process, an effective inter-institutional cooperation must be developed.
Using Persistence Spectrum for Realistic Exposure Assessment to Time Varying Radiofrequency Signals
Authors: Sârbu Annamaria , Miclăuş Simona , Bechet Paul , Bouleanu Iulian 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
In this article we propose the use of the persistence spectrum to accurately assess the user’s exposure to electromagnetic field emitted by new generation of communication terminals. Persistent display view available within a Real Time Spectrum Analyzer (RTSA) enables a graphical observation of the main statistical parameters of a signal. A simple case study of exposure assessment was conducted by measuring the electric field strength in the close proximity of a mobile phone operated in a LTE-Advanced mobile communication network. The proposed measurement procedure is presented and then applied to a limited number of operating situations (VoIP, Video streaming, File upload, File download). We made use of the persistence spectrum capabilities to directly access the signal strength statistics in time. By this procedure we demonstrate a supplementary facility that enables direct visual tracing of exposure dynamics during real time usage of a specific mobile application.
Considerations on the Use of Certain Ceramic Materials for Increasing the Protection of the Military
Authors: Ilie Florin , Moro Nicolae 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
This paper captures several aspects regarding the behavior of ceramic materials subjected to the impact with ballistic penetrators, focusing especially on the way they reduce the speed of the projectiles. Moreover, the numerical research associated with these models adds more knowledge in the field of the use of these ceramic materials for the protection of the military.
Linguistics Features of Three British Female Beauty Youtubers
Authors: Indra Rahma Aulia , Marnita Rina , Ayumi Ayumi 
Published: July 2019

This article concerns with the characteristics of the language of three British female Youtubers. It is aimed in particular to find out women's linguistic features in their language based on Lakoff's theory (1975) and the functions of each features according to Holme's theory (2013). The result of the study reveals seven women's linguistic features in the youtubers' language. They are (1) lexical hedges or fillers, (2) tag questions, (3) „empty‟ adjectives, (4) precise color terms, (5) intensifiers, (6) „superpolite‟ forms, and (7) emphatic stress. Among these features, the intensifiers. appears as the dominant one. The study also shows that each feature has specific function.
ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR PENYEBAB KEENGGANAN MASYARAKAT MEMBAYAR ZAKAT MELALUI BAZNAS KABUPATEN KUANTAN SINGINGI
Authors: Yuliani Meri , Meliza Dian , Fitrianto Fitrianto 
Published: July 2019

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tentang sistem pengumpulan zakat oleh BAZNAS Kabupaten Kuantan Singingi, analisis faktor-faktor penyebab keengganan masyarakat dalam membayar zakat melalui BAZNAS Kabupaten Kuantan Singingi dan untuk mengetahui kebijakan yang ditempuh oleh BAZNAS Kabupaten Kuantan Singingi dalam menarik masyarakat (Non PNS) untuk membayar zakatnya melalui BAZNAS. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian lapangan (Field Research) dengan teknik analisa data yang digunakan adalah deskriftif kualitatif. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa sistem pengumpulan zakat oleh BAZNAS Kabupaten Kuantan Singingi menggunakan 2 (dua) sistem yaitu pertama, zakat lansung dijemput oleh pihak BAZNAS kepada muzakki dan kedua, muzakki menyetor lansung zakatnya ke BAZNAS Kuantan Singingi. Sedangkan faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan keengganan masyarakat untuk membayar zakat melalui BAZNAS Kuansing adalah Masyarakat ingin bayar sendiri zakatnya kepada mustahiq yang di kehendakinya dan juga disebabkan kurangnya tingkat kepercayaan masyarakat tersebut kepada BAZNAS, kemudian juga disebabkan muzakki kurang mengerti bagaimana prosedur ataupun cara pembayaran zakat melalui BAZNAS Kabupaten Kuantan Singingi. Kebijakan yang dilakukan oleh BAZNAS Kabupaten Kuantan Singingi dalam menarik muzakki atau masyarakat untuk membayar zakatnya melalui BAZNAS dengan gencar mensosialisasikan keberadaan BAZNAS itu sendiri kepada masyarakat.
Kata Kunci : Keenganan, Masyarakat, Zakat, BAZNAS.
Penyelesaian Perkara Pidana Melalui Mediasi Penal: Access To Justice Di Tingkat Kepolisian
Authors: Wulandari Cahya 
Published: July 2019

<p>Penanggulangan perkara pidana yang terjadi di tengah masyarakat dapat diselesaikan dengan dua metode, yaitu penal dan non penal. Penyelesaian secara non penal salah satunya merupakan Mediasi Penal. Mediasi penal sendiri lahir dari budaya yang ada di dalam masyarakat sehingga kandungan nilai-nilainya sesuai dengan karakteristik Bangsa Indonesia. Namun penerapan mediasi penal ini belum memiliki landasan yuridis yang kuat sehingga perlu diteliti lebih lanjut apa model mediasi yang digunakan serta bagaimana peran aparat penegak hukum. Dalam artikel ini akan dipaparkan proses penyelesaian perkara pidana melalui mediasi penal di tingkat penyidikan dan peran aparat penegak hukum dalam proses mediasi penal. Data pendukung artikel ini menggunakan hasil penelitian dengan jenis kualitatif dan metode pendekatan yuridis sosiologis yang mendasarkan pada data primer dan data sekunder. Pada dasarnya, mediasi penal telah familiar dilaksanakan ditingkat kepolisian didasarkan pada Surat Kapolri No Pol: B/3022/XII/2009/SDEOPS tanggal 14 Desember 2009 tentang Penanganan Kasus Melalui <em>Alternatif Dispute Resolution</em> dengan bentuk mediasi penal yang digunakan adalah <em>victim offender mediation</em>. Model VOM ini dianggap paling layak untuk diterapkan karena mempertemukan antara kedua belah pihak sehingga mengakomodir kepentingan para pihak demi terwujudnya keadilan restoratif.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p>Overcoming criminal cases that occur in the middle of society can be solved by two methods, namely reasoning and non-punishment. Non-reasoning settlement is one of them is Penal Mediation. The reasoning mediation itself is born from the culture that exists in society so that the content of its values is in accordance with the characteristics of the Indonesian Nation. However, the application of this reasoning mediation does not yet have a strong juridical basis so it needs to be investigated further what the mediation model is used and how the role of law enforcement officers is. In this article will be presented the process of solving criminal cases through reasoning mediation at the level of investigation and the role of law enforcement officers in the process of judicial mediation. Supporting data for this article uses the results of research with qualitative types and sociological juridical approaches that base on primary data and secondary data. Basically, the reasoning mediation is familiar is carried out at the police level based on National Police Chief No Pol: B / 3022 / XII / 2009 / SDEOPS dated December 14, 2009 concerning Case Handling through Dispute Resolution Alternatives with the form of reasoning mediation that is victim offender mediation. This VOM model is considered the most feasible to implement because it brings together the two parties so that it accommodates the interests of the parties in order to realize restorative justice.</p><p> </p>
Hepatitis B and C prevalence and incidence in key population groups with multiple risk factors in the EU/EEA: a systematic review
Authors: Mason Lauren MK , Duffell Erika , Veldhuijzen Irene K , Petriti Uarda , Bunge Eveline M , Tavoschi Lara 
Published: July 2019

Background
People living with HIV (PLHIV) and people in prison are population groups with a potentially high risk and/or prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection.

Aim
We conducted a systematic review in order to find prevalence and incidence estimates in these populations in the European Union/European Economic Area (EU/EEA).

Methods
Original research articles published between January 2005 and February 2017 were retrieved from PubMed and Embase in February 2017.

Results
Fifty-two articles were included, providing 97 estimates of HBV/HCV infection prevalence or incidence. Estimates of HBV infection prevalence ranged between 2.9% and43.4% in PLHIV and 0.0% and 25.2% in people in prison. Estimates of HCV infection prevalence ranged from 2.9% to 43.4% in PLHIV and 0.0% to 25.2% in people in prison. Incidence estimates ranged between 0.0 and 2.5 cases per 100 person-years for HBV infection in PLHIV. No such data was available for people in prison. HCV infection incidence ranged between 0.3 and 0.9 cases per 100 person-years in PLHIV and between 1 and 1.2 cases per 100 person-years in people in prison. Prevalence estimates were generally higher than in the general population, especially for HCV infection and among groups with multiple risk factors.

Conclusions
PLHIV, people in prison and groups with multiple risk factors, have a high prevalence of HBV and HCV and may be at ongoing risk of infection. These groups should be among the populations prioritised and targeted for active case finding and prevention programmes in the EU/EEA.