bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FOSTERING AUTONOMOUS LEARNERS OF VOCABULARY ACQUISITION USING CONTENT-BASED ICT METHODS
Authors: Matsubara Mariko , Yoshida Haruyo 
Published: May 2018

Purpose: This paper investigated that (1) the effective use of content-based ICT methods of vocabulary acquisition through reading activities, and (2) the encouragement of learner's vocabulary building up autonomous learning. A considerable number of studies have been conducted on vocabulary acquisition in the EFL field in Japan,and researchers advocate vocabulary knowledge is the most important factor contributing to reading comprehension, yet, a firm effective pedagogy has not been established. In fact, university students encounter difficulties in reading comprehension because of their deficiencies in vocabulary knowledge during English reading class.
Methodology: The free applications, Quizlet and Kahoot!, were adopted to incorporate language-focused learning while adding some gamification aspects to aid in vocabulary acquisition. The experiment was conducted in a Japanese undergraduate first-year reading class over an 11-week period. Quizlet was used for vocabulary learning prior to the reading class. Students were given multiple-choice vocabulary Cloze tests of new words from the textbook using Kahoot!, a free game-based educational platform.
Main Findings: The results of this study indicated that content-based vocabulary instruction using ICT is effective and improves learner’s academic performance in vocabulary acquisition. Moreover, questionnaires were thoroughly reviewed and uncovered that students felt they developed more autonomy and this enhanced their motivation for vocabulary learning.
Implications: In view of this study, ICT methods closely related to reading contexts and a variety of applications for vocabulary acquisition and improvement of reading performance should be introduced in EFL classrooms.
Originality: This study was conducted in a Japanese undergraduate first-year reading class by author researcher.
Vegetation Indices to Estimate Spray Application Rates of Crop Protection Products in Corn
Authors: Baio Fabio Henrique Rojo , Silva Eder Eujácio , Vrech Marco Antonio , Souza Fernando Henrique Queiroz , Zanin Alex Roger , Teodoro Paulo Eduardo 
Published: May 2018

Spray deposition in corn crop is related to the vegetation indices.
Spray deposition in corn crop is related to the spray application rate.
Plant stand density has no influence on the spray deposition.
Determination of the spray application rates (SAR) of crop protection products for different crops is subjective. The study aimed to develop an equation to estimate optimal spray application rates using a vegetation index (VI) and an expected relative spray deposition for summer corn crop. An experiment was performed in the crop year 2015 to 2016, and 2016 to 2017, with a plant density of 60,000 plants ha−1 with 0.45‐m row spacing, under the no‐tillage system, in the municipality of Chapadão do Sul. An active multispectral sensor (Crop Circle ACS‐470) was used to obtain the VI Red Edge, Normalized Difference Red Edge (NDRE), and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), using the red, red edge, and near‐infrared bands. The experiment consisted of plots subdivided in a 4 × 4 factorial scheme (four spray application rates and four phenological stages), with four replications for each treatment. The mass balance analysis measured leaf deposits. The relationship between vegetation index values and middle stratum deposits showed a quadratic trend. When the vegetation index values are increased, the spray application rate (from 40 to 100 L ha−1) needs to also increase to maintain the same spray deposition (from 50 to 100%) in the middle stratum of corn plants. The vegetative indices studied (VI Red Edge, NDRE, and NDVI) positively correlated to the spray deposition in the middle stratum of corn plants, which also depends on the SAR. Furthermore, the relationship between vegetation index and spray deposits need to be studied for other crops, plant architecture, and stand density.
Characterizing Aggregate Pore Structure by X‐Ray Micro‐Computed Tomography and a Network Model
Authors: Yu Xiuling , Peng Guanyun , Lu Shenggao 
Published: May 2018

Core Ideas
Function‐related intra‐aggregate pore structures were investigated for four soils.
The network properties of a connected pore system were analyzed.
The C/I ratio has potential to predict the functions and properties of aggregates.
Spatial variation of the isolated pores affects the potential water retention ability.
Information about the influence of intra‐aggregate pore structure on functions and properties of soil aggregates is not fully available or predictable. In this study, the microscale intra‐aggregate pore structure of four soils (Mollisol, Alfisol, Ultisol, and Vertisol) was studied by a synergistic use of synchrotron‐based X‐ray micro‐computed tomography (SR‐mCT) and advanced analytical data methods. Detailed characteristics of the connected and isolated pores of four soils were investigated by a pore network model, a network analysis, and a pore map analysis, respectively. Results indicated that total porosity and the connected/isolated porosity ratio (C/I) could describe the possible function of the soil aggregates. The aggregates with larger total porosity and C/I ratio (such as Mollisol and Alfisol) tend to have better air, water, and nutrient exchangeability as well as balance of water retention and physical C protection; whereas the aggregates with smaller total porosity and C/I ratio (such as Ultisol and Vertisol) tend to reduce air and water exchange but have relatively better water retention ability. The pore map analysis revealed the spatial variations of isolated pores within the aggregates and depending on soil types, may influence greatly water retention and C physical protection in aggregates. The pore network model and the network analysis revealed that Ultisol and Vertisol have a smaller average throat area, an average channel length, a larger network diameter, and an average path length, which could have limited the exchangeability of air, water, and nutrient. Our results indicated that the total porosity and the C/I ratio were effective proxy indicators, which could be used to predict the functions and properties of an aggregate.
Research Progress on Brucellosis
Authors: Deng Yuming , Liu Xinyue , Duan Kaifang , Peng Qisheng 
Published: May 2018

:Brucellosis is a debilitating febrile illness caused by an intracellular Brucella. The disease is distributed in humans and animals widely, especially in developing countries. Ten species are included in the genus Brucella nowadays; four species of them are pathogenic to humans, which make brucellosis a zoonosis with more than 500,000 new cases reported annually. For human brucellosis, the most pathogenic species is B. melitensis followed by B. suis, while B. abortus is the mildest type of brucellosis. The infection mechanism of Brucella is complicated and mostly relies on its virulence factors. The therapy of the disease contains vaccination and antibiotic. However, there are some defects in currently available vaccines such as the lower protective level and safety. Thus, safe and efficient vaccines for brucellosis are still awaited. The dual therapy of antibacterial is effective in the treatment of brucellosis if a rapid and exact detection method is found.
Internal and External Triggering Mechanism of “Smart” Nanoparticle-Based DDSs in Targeted Tumor Therapy
Authors: Qian Xian-ling , Li Jun , Wei Ran , Lin Hui , Xiong Li-xia 
Published: May 2018

Background:
Anticancer chemotherapeutics have a lot of problems via conventional Drug Delivery
Systems (DDSs), including non-specificity, burst release, severe side-effects, and damage to normal cells. Owing
to its potential to circumventing these problems, nanotechnology has gained increasing attention in targeted tumor
therapy. Chemotherapeutic drugs or genes encapsulated in nanoparticles could be used to target therapies to the
tumor site in three ways: “passive”, “active”, and “smart” targeting.

Objective:
To summarize the mechanisms of various internal and external “smart” stimulating factors on the basis
of findings from in vivo and in vitro studies.

Method:
A thorough search of PubMed was conducted in order to identify the majority of trials, studies and novel
articles related to the subject.

Results:
Activated by internal triggering factors (pH, redox, enzyme, hypoxia, etc.) or external triggering factors
(temperature, light of different wavelengths, ultrasound, magnetic fields, etc.), “smart” DDSs exhibit targeted
delivery to the tumor site, and controlled release of chemotherapeutic drugs or genes.

Conclusion:
In this review article, we summarize and classify the internal and external triggering mechanism of
“smart” nanoparticle-based DDSs in targeted tumor therapy, and the most recent research advances are illustrated
for better understanding.
Hydatid Recurrence Medically Treated by Albendazole
Authors: Khammari Imen , El Ghali Mohamed Amine , Nasri Salsabil , Dhib Imen , Chouaieb Hamed , Yaacoub Alia , Said Moncef Ben , Letaief Rached , Fathallah Akila 
Published: May 2018

Introduction:
Hydatidosis or Cystic Echinococcosis (CE) is a highly endemic parasitosis in Tunisia. The combination of surgery with an adjuvant anti-hydatid medical treatment was shown to reduce the risk of relapses, recurrences and post-operative complications.

Case Report:
We report the case of a liver hydatid cyst recurrence in a woman hospitalized for acute cholangitis of hydatid origin. The patient had a resection of the protruding dome and a bipolar drainage of the main bile duct and cystic cavity with a postoperative biliary fistula and a collection of the residual cavity that required endoscopic sphincterotomy. The patient was then followed up every 6 months. Three years after the intervention, CT scan showed a hydatid recurrence of two new liver cysts. Surgery was expected to be difficult and risky. Medical treatment with albendazole was decided before surgery.
The CT scan performed after 9 months showed important regression of two hydatic cysts. Medical treatment has been extended. Two years later, CT scan was in favor of an involuted aspect of both cysts.
The treatment of CE is primarily surgical; medical treatment alone or associated with surgery can be a good alternative, especially in case of hydatid recurrence and when surgery is risky, mainly in stage I hydatic cyst.
Michael Addition of Imidazole to α, β -Unsaturated Carbonyl/Cyano Compound
Authors: Mohapatra Seetaram , Baral Nilofar , Mishra Nilima Priyadarsini , Panda Pravati , Nayak Sabita 
Published: May 2018

Introduction:Aza-Michael addition is an important reaction for carbon-nitrogen bond formation in synthetic organic chemistry.Expalantion:Conjugate addition of imidazole toα,β-unsaturated carbonyl/cyano compounds provides significant numbers of the biologically and synthetically interesting products, such asβ-amino acids andβ-lactams, which have attracted great attention for their use as key intermediates of anticancer agents, antibiotics and other drugs.Conclusion:This review addresses most significant method for the synthesis of N-substituted imidazole derivatives following Michael addition reaction of imidazole toα,β-unsaturated carbonyl/cyano compounds using ionic liquid/base/acid/enzyme as catalysts from year 2007-2017.
Identifying Good Teachers: Expert vs. Ordinary Knowledge
Authors: Casalaspi David , Hutt Ethan , Schneider Jack 
Published: May 2018

While much has been written about the effects of standardized testing on student achievement, less work has addressed how this information is taken up by parents.Â Drawing on the results of a survey of 286 parents in a diverse urban school district, our research illuminates three aspects of parental response to test score information and efforts to link that information to teacher quality concerns: 1.) How parents relate various teacher traits to quality teaching; 2.) How parents know if their child has a good teacher; and 3.) How parents think teachers should be evaluated. We find that test score data are perceived as both imperfect and incomplete with regard to measuring teacher quality and that parents often rely more on “ordinary” forms of knowledge.Â This raises questions about the value of existing standardized test score data as an informational spur to reform.
EEG AWAL TERAPI SEBAGAI PREDIKTOR KEKAMBUHAN PADA PENDERITA EPILEPSI YANG MENDAPAT TERAPI OBAT ANTIEPILEPSI
Authors: Setiawan Iwan , Harsono Harsono , Asmedi Ahmad 
Published: May 2018

Epilepsi merupakan problem kesehatan yang penting di negara berkembang termasuk Indonesia. Faktor prediktor yang penting dalam meningkatkan kekambuhan bangkitan, diantaranya gambaran EEG abnormal. Nilai EEG sebagai prediktor kekambuhan pada penderita epilepsi masih kontroversi. EEG dengan spike wave yang persisten pada epilepsi umum primer, menunjukkan peluang yang tinggi terjadinya kekambuhan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengukur besar peran EEG di awal terapi sebagai prediktor prognosis kekambuhan bangkitan pada pasien yang mendapat terapi obat anti-epilepsi secara teratur. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian historikal kohort yang melibatkan 104 penderita epilepsi yang datang kontrol ke poliklinik saraf RS dr.Sardjito, Jogjakarta, dari januari 2006 sampai maret 2006. Dari analisis univariat didapatkan risiko relatif EEG RR: 1,957 (95% CI, 1,357-2,822). Hasil yang bermakna sebagai prediktor kekambuhan adalah gambaran EEG dengan tingkat kemaknaan P<0,05. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah gambaran EEG abnormal merupakan prediktor kekambuhan pada penderita epilepsi yang mendapat terapi obat antiepilepsi, dengan risiko relatif 1,957. Kata kunci: elektroensefalografi, epilepsi, prognosis, kekambuhan
PENGARUH EKSTRAK ETHANOL PROPOLIS TERHADAP KSPRESI PROTEIN CASPASE 8, APOPTOSIS, DAN PROLIFERASI PADA KULTUR SEL ADENOKARSINOMA KOLON (WiDr)
Authors: Rahmadanu P Gigih , Kusnanto Paulus , Purwanto Bambang 
Published: May 2018

Kanker kolorektal merupakan kanker terbanyak ketiga pada pria, kedua pada wanita, dan menjadi penyebab kematian keempat, sekitar 8% dari penyebab kematian karena kanker. Sebagian besar pasien kanker kolorektal didiagnosis dalam stadium yang sudah tidak dapat dioperasi. Propolis diketahui memiliki aktivitas anti kanker. Mekanisme anti kanker propolis melalui induksi apoptosis dan juga melalui penghambatan proliferasi dalam siklus sel. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji efek anti kanker ekstrak ethanol propolis (EEP) yang berasal dari Kerjo, Karanganyar, Indonesia pada kultur sel adenokarsinoma kolorektal (cell line WiDr) melalui pengaruhnya terhadap ekspresi protein Caspase 8, apoptosis dan proliferasi sel. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian experimental laboratories, post test with control group design. Penelitian dilakukan pada kultur sel WiDr dengan perlakuan pemberian dosis ekstrak ethanol propolis, kontrol positif (5-FU), kombinasi ekstrak ethanol propolis dengan 5-FU, dan kontrol negatif (tanpa obat). Pengamatan ekspresi protein Caspase 8 dilakukan dengan metode imunositokimia, pengamatan apoptosis dilakukan dengan double staining menggunakan pewarnaan akridin oranye–etidium bromide, sedangkan pengamatan proliferasi menggunakan MTT assay dengan doubling time. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa EEP cenderung menekan viabilitas sel WiDr dengan IC sebesar 140 µg/mL. EEP konsentrasi 70,140, 280 µg/mL mampu meningkatkan ekspresi protein Caspase 8 dan menginduksi apoptosis yang sebanding dengan peningkatan konsentrasi yang diberikan. EEP konsentrasi 70 µg/mL dapat menghambat proliferasi sel sebanding dengan EEP konsentrasi 140 dan 280 µg/Ml. Penelitian ini menunjukkan EEP mampu menekan viabilitas sel WiDr. Aktivitas ini kemungkinan terkait dengan kemampuannya dalam meningkatkan ekspresi protein Caspase 8 dan apoptosis sebanding dengan peningkatan konsentrasi yang diberikan. EEP pada konsentrasi terkecil yang diuji (70 µg/mL) mampu menghambat proliferasi pada sel WiDr sebanding dengan dosis yang lebih tinggi. Kata kunci: EEP, Caspase 8, apoptosis, proliferasi, cell line WiDr
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN VITAMIN D3 (CALCITRIOL) TERHADAP KADAR TGF β1 DAN IL-6 PADA PASIEN PENYAKIT GINJAL KRONIK STADIUM V
Authors: Anindita Rahma , Purwanto Bambang , Sugiarto Sugiarto 
Published: May 2018

Penyebab utama morbiditas dan mortalitas pada pasien PGK adalah insiden kardiovaskuler yang didasari oleh proses aterosklerosis. Penurunan kadar TGF-β1 dan IL-6 dengan kalsifikasi vaskuler yang selanjutnya berkembang menjadi plak arteriosklerotik. Vitamin D menekan pada jalur aktivasi NF-ĸB sehingga mempunyai sifat anti inflamasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh suplementasi vitamin D terhadap kadar TGF-β1 dan IL-6 pada pasien penyakit ginjal kronik stadium v yang menjalani hemodialisis. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitianeksperimen dengan randomisasi, sampel 30 orang, dibagi menjadi kelompok kontrol diberikan plasebo dan perlakuan diberikan calcitriol 1x0,5 μg peroral selama 4 minggu. Analisis statistik menggunakan SPSS 22for windows. Karakteristik penelitian yang berupa variabel kualitatif, uji homogenitas dilakukan menggunakan uji Chi Square. Uji beda dua rerata menggunakan uji t dengan signifikansi p <0,05. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pemberian calcitriol 1x0,5 μg peroral jika dibandingkan placebo secara bermakna menurunkan kadarTGF-β1 (-1672,64±4217,61vs 7539,95±6435,86; p = 0,001), dan menurunkan kadar IL-6(- 1,45±3,14vs 4,20±2,83; p = 0,001). Pemberian suplementasi vitamin D dapat menurunkan kadar TGF-β1 dan menurunkan kadar IL-6 pada pasien penyakit ginjal kronik stadium V yang menjalani hemodialisis Kata kunci: Vitamin D, TGF-β1, IL-6, Penyakit Ginjal Kronis
Reformulasi Konsep Najis Ala Ahmad Hassan (1887-1958)
Authors: Aziz Jamal Abdul 
Published: May 2018

Ahmad Hassan (1887-1958), prominent figure of Persatuan Islam (Persis) who had critical views on Islamic law, offered a conceptual defiling stilth or najis in the context of ablution in Islamic law. In his view there were three kinds of najis: (i) najis as impurity that must be cleaned before praying (salat); (ii) najis as impurity that was forbidden to eat; and (iii) najis as impurity that contained in heart (qalb). These three kinds of najis, according to Hassan, were absolutely based on the rules in Qur`an and Sunnah of the Prophet. Furthermore we can see many controversial opinions of his views in detail rules in this field. In the first kind of najis, according to him, there were only five or six sorts of impurity that were all human substances, they are feces, urine, blood of menstruation, blood of childbirth, mazi, and wadi. These sorts of impurity purely based on the traditions of the Prophet and other legal reasoning. No other impurity or najis need to be cleanned before praying (salat) excepts those five sorts. So, some sorts of impurity like (spittle of) dog, pig, and animal manure, according to his view were not najis that have to be cleanned before praying. In the second kind of najis, according to Hassan forbidden foodstuffs were only forbidden foodstuffs mentioned in Qur`an. There was no forbidden foodstuff outside the Qur`an. In the third kind of najis, according to him, there was metaphor impurity that was in the hearts of unbelievers. The first and second concept of impurity or najis above are important to be studied furthermore.
Revitalisasi Kias dalam Hukum Islam
Authors: Irfan M Nurul 
Published: May 2018

Dalam Hukum Pidana dikenal sebuah prinsip dasar dan sebagai asas terpenting yaitu asas legalitas. Di antara tiga pengertian dasar sebagai penjabaran dari asas legalitasÂ di atas, bahwa untuk menentukan adanya perbuatan pidana tidak boleh digunakan analogiÂ (kias). Kalau Â larangan penggunaan analogi atau kias dalam hukum pidana ini juga diberlakukan dalam hukum pidana Islam, tampaknya akan banyak menimbulkan persoalan, sebab kalau kias tidak berlaku, maka akan sangat banyak berbagai jenis jarimah atau tindak pidana yang tidak bisa ditetapkan sanksinya. PenyalahgunaanÂ obat-obat terlarang dan berbagai kejahatanÂ narkotika tidak bisa dihukum dengan berpijak pada ayat khamr, seorang koruptor tidak bisa dihukum potong tangan karena korupsi tidak bisa dikiaskan dengan pencurian yang sanksi hukumnya berupa potong tangan, illegal loging, women atau baby traficking, cyber crime dan beberapa jenis tindak pidana modern lainÂ tidak bisa diproses secara hukum Islam. Tentu saja larangan penggunaan analogi atau kias dalam bidang hukum pidana IslamÂ seyogyanya tidakÂ disamakanÂ dengan prinsip hukum pidana konvensionalÂ yang mengenal asas legalitas dengan kaedah turunannya berupa larangan kias atau analogi dalam hukum pidana.
Arah Baru Pemikiran Filsafat Hukum Islam
Authors: Mushlihin Imam Annas 
Published: May 2018

Kajian filsafat hukum Islam kurang mendapat perhatian yang semestinya pada masa klasik dan pertengahan Islam. Para ahli hukum Islam pada masa itu berhenti pada konsep maslahah sebagai tujuan hukum Islam (maqasid al-syariâ€™ah) ketika berbicara mengenai filsafat hukum Islam. Beberapa persoalan filsafat hukum Islam yang muncul dewasa ini adalah berkaitan dengan demokrasi dan keadilan, hak asasi manusia (HAM), persoalan gender, dan masalah-masalah serupa dalam dunia modern. Pada masa modern, filsafat hukum Islam dikembangkan oleh beberapa ahli hukum Islam dalam menjawab berbagai permasalahan di dunia modern tadi. Para ahli hukum Islam modern merumuskan beberapa teori-teori baru yang umumnya memanfaatkan ilmu-ilmu humaniora dan sosial, maupun sains yang berkembang di Barat. Beberapa di antara teori-teori baru tersebut adalah teori double movement, teori redefinisi nasakh, teori hudud, dan teori hermeneutika. Pendekatan para ahli hukum Islam modern tersebut menandai arah baru pengkajian dan pemikiran filsafat hukum Islam dewasa ini. Tulisan ini menguraikan pemikiran awal filsafat hukum Islam dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi perumusannya, serta beberapa persoalan yang menuntut dilakukannya perubahan dalam pemikiran awal filsafat hukum Islam tersebut.
Rereading the Law of Apostasy in Hadis Using Hermeneutical Takhrij Method
Authors: Rahman Fazlul 
Published: May 2018

Isu membunuh orang murtad dalam Islam masih menjadi perdebatan, mengingat hal tersebut (terkesan) didukung oleh ajaran Islam. Hadis yang menyatakan â€˜man baddala dinahu faqtuluhâ€™ (barang siapa yang mengganti agamanya, maka bunuhlah dia!) seringkali digunakan untuk meligitimasi hukuman mati bagi orang murtad. Sayangnya, model konvensional pembacaan teks-teks hadis yang disediakan oleh ulama hadis klasik justru mendukung hukuman kejam tersebut. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menyelidiki isu terkait hukuman bagi orang murtad dengan mengajukan metode baru pembacaan hadis yang disebut â€˜Takhrij Hermeneutisâ€™. Penggunaan metode baru ini bertujuan untuk menyuguhkan kepada pembaca makna hadis yang lebih luas, kontektual, dan sesuai dengan konteks kekinian. Dengan metode ini, pembacaan para ulama terhadap hadis Nabi tersebut seringkali tereduksi hanya pada masalah hukuman mati saja bagi orang murtad, sehingga menyebabkan kesalahpahaman di antara mereka. Dengan demikian, perlu upaya pembaruan pembacaan hadis Nabi melalui metode baru.