bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Foveal Avascular Zone Area Analysis in Macular Hole Before and After Surgery Using Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography
Authors: Hamzah Ferdiriva , Shinojima Ari , Nakashizuka Hiroyuki , Kawamorita Akiyo , Shimada Hiroyuki 
Published: May 2018

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
To analyze the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area in superficial and deep retinal layers in patients with macular hole (MH) before and after surgery.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
The authors studied 14 patients with unilateral MH. They examined a 3 mm × 3 mm area at the fovea before and 6 months after surgery using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography angiography.

RESULTS:

In eyes affected by MH, the mean preoperative superficial FAZ (0.45 ± 0.09 mm
2
) and deep FAZ (0.79 ± 0.39 mm
2
) were significantly larger than the postoperative superficial FAZ (0.25 ± 0.09 mm
2
) and deep FAZ (0.31 ± 0.12 mm
2
), respectively (
P
< .001). The mean preoperative superficial FAZ of the affected eyes was the same as that of control eyes (0.41 ± 0.10 mm
2
) (
P
= .23), but postoperative superficial FAZ was smaller than that of control eyes (
P
< .001). The mean preoperative deep FAZ was larger (0.48 ± 0.11 mm
2
) (
P
= .019), but mean postoperative deep FAZ was smaller than that of control eyes (
P
< .001).

CONCLUSIONS:
The authors revealed preoperative deep FAZ areas were more enlarged centrifugally than preoperative superficial FAZ in MH. Both postoperative superficial and deep FAZ showed more centripetal contraction than those of the preoperative period.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2018;49:329–335.]
Tartary, but not common, buckwheat inhibits α-glucosidase activity: its nutritional implications
Authors: Ikeda Kiyokazu , Ishida Yui , Ikeda Sayoko , Asami Yuya , Lin Rufa 
Published: May 2018

This study shows the presence of α-glucosidase inhibitor in Tartary buckwheat. The present study shows that standard Tartary buckwheat flour exhibited a high level of α-glucosidase inhibitory activity, whereas newly-developed Manten-kirari var., which exhibited a very low level of rutin-degrading enzyme, exhibited no α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. On the other, no α-glucosidase inhibitory activitywas found in common buckwheat flour. Nutritional implications of these findings in view of diabetes mellitus prevention were discussed.
Squared Chromatic Number Without Claws or Large Cliques
Authors: Cames van Batenburg Wouter , Kang Ross J. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractLet $G$ be a claw-free graph on $n$ vertices with clique number $\unicode[STIX]{x1D714}$, and consider the chromatic number $\unicode[STIX]{x1D712}(G^{2})$ of the square $G^{2}$ of $G$. Writing $\unicode[STIX]{x1D712}_{s}^{\prime }(d)$ for the supremum of $\unicode[STIX]{x1D712}(L^{2})$ over the line graphs $L$ of simple graphs of maximum degree at most $d$, we prove that $\unicode[STIX]{x1D712}(G^{2})\leqslant \unicode[STIX]{x1D712}_{s}^{\prime }(\unicode[STIX]{x1D714})$ for $\unicode[STIX]{x1D714}\in \{3,4\}$. For $\unicode[STIX]{x1D714}=3$, this implies the sharp bound $\unicode[STIX]{x1D712}(G^{2})\leqslant 10$. For $\unicode[STIX]{x1D714}=4$, this implies $\unicode[STIX]{x1D712}(G^{2})\leqslant 22$, which is within 2 of the conjectured best bound. This work is motivated by a strengthened form of a conjecture of Erdős and Nešetřil.
Occupational Therapy Interventions to Improve Activities of Daily Living for Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Systematic Review
Authors: Liu Chiung-ju , Chang Wen-Pin , Chang Megan C. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
OBJECTIVE. This systematic review aimed to synthesize the effects of interventions within the scope of occupational therapy to improve performance of activities of daily living (ADLs) in community-dwelling older adults.
METHOD. Searches were conducted in CINAHL, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and OTseeker. Empirical studies published between 1995 and 2015 were individually screened and appraised by two reviewers.
RESULTS. Forty-three studies met the review inclusion and exclusion criteria. Physical exercise was the most common intervention approach. Physical exercise interventions for frail older adults showed a moderate benefit, but no benefits were found for older adults without noticeable difficulty in ADLs. For older adults with difficulty in ADLs, there was a high benefit of using home-based intervention.
CONCLUSION. The findings of this systematic review highlight the importance of addressing older adults’ living environment in intervention to promote independence in ADLs.
Functional Ability in the Changing Demographic Landscape: Evidence and Opportunities for Occupational Therapy
Authors: Liu Chiung-ju (CJ) 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
The growing number of older adults is changing the demographic landscape. Occupational therapy can better serve the older adult population by helping them maintain their functional ability, which is the ability to engage in occupations. This special issue includes both studies of interventions to evaluate and support functional ability in community-dwelling older adults and systematic reviews of such studies. This editorial highlights the six systematic reviews, which were completed in collaboration with the American Occupational Therapy Association’s Evidence-Based Practice Project. These reviews compile evidence for the effectiveness of interventions within the scope of occupational therapy practice to promote occupational performance in community-dwelling older adults. The distinct value of occupational therapy in supporting the functional ability of community-dwelling older adults with stable or declining health is discussed using the World Health Organization’s framework for healthy aging.
After the Millennium Development Goals. Remarks on the ethical assessment of global poverty reduction success
Authors: Eskelinen Teppo 
Published: May 2018

The Millennium Development Goals were effective from 2000 to 2015. Statistics show that most of the goals were met, and particularly success in the goal of reducing extreme poverty (MDG1) gained wide recognition. Despite the strong ethical language related to poverty reduction, there has been little analysis of the ethical significance of the MDG achievements. Since statistical and ethical definitions and representations of poverty never completely overlap, conclusions concerning ethical progress are not directly available from the statistics. This article shows how this ethical significance can be analysed and what kinds of controversies and uncertainties relate to the issue. As part of this analysis, utilitarian issues, population ethics, and the social aspect of poverty are discussed.
Keywords: poverty, Millennium Development Goals, statistics, ethics, poverty line
Orthopaedic Resident Surgical Case Log Disparities Observed in the Next Accreditation System
Authors: Payne Jonathan H. , Krueger Chad A. , Rivera Jessica C. , Osborn Patrick M. 
Published: May 2018

Introduction:
With the institution of the Next Accreditation System (NAS), case log procedures fundamentally changed. Unless multiple entries are made, only one procedure per case is credited for procedure counts. We hypothesized that the NAS caused notable changes in national procedure data.

Methods:
Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education Orthopaedic Surgery Case Logs National Data Reports from 2008 to 2016 were analyzed to calculate differences in case log data before and after NAS implementation.

Results:
In the first academic year post-NAS, the average total procedures decreased by 36%. Total procedures increased the following 2 years but still represent a decrease of >30% from pre-NAS data. An average of 580 fewer total procedures per resident were reported in the 3 years post-NAS (P = 0.001). Regression analysis showed notable decreases in credited procedures in all but two categories.

Conclusions:
The decrease in logged procedures with the NAS may be related to new guidance, resident logging habits, an actual decrease in surgical experience, or unknown causes, or combinations of these factors. A new baseline of case data may be emerging post-NAS. To ensure the highest quality education, NAS case logs warrant continued study to determine how the data should be used in residency education and accreditation decisions.
Customer Awareness of the Social Responsibility and Its Relation to Loyalty
Authors: Alafi Khaled K. 
Published: May 2018

Purpose: To discover the extent to which customers understand the social responsibility practices by Telecom companies operating in Jordan and their loyalty to these companies.Methodology: A case study questionnaire was administered to 380 respondents dealing with Telecom companies operating in Jordan those companies play a significant role in Jordan economy over a month in 2017, with results from Likert scalesAnalysis using descriptive analysis and correlation to analyze customers awareness and loyalty toward telecom companies operating in Jordan practicing social responsibility. Results: Analysis of 380 suitable responses found no statistically significant differences at the level of (α ≤ 0.05) in customer awareness of social responsibility practices in telecom companies according to the variables of the current study and no statistically significant differences at the level of (α ≤ 0.05) in the loyalty of customers toward telecom companies ,it also found a positive correlation of statistical significance at the level of (α ≤ 0.05) between customers awareness and the social responsibility of telecommunications companies and their loyalty to those companies.Recommendations: (1) Telecomm companies should continually improve to achieve a high level of social responsibility as well as achieve greater loyalty from their customers (2) Telecom companies should do what is necessary to raise the customers awareness level of social responsibility through the advertising and action of their front line employees.
Redescription of Echinoderes levanderi Karling, 1954 (Kinorhyncha: Cyclorhagida) – a kinorhynch tolerant to very low salinities
Authors: Sørensen Martin V. 
Published: May 2018

The kinorhynch species Echinoderes levanderi Karling, 1954 is redescribed. The species can now be recognized by the presence of spines in middorsal positions on segments 4–8, and in lateroventral positions on segments 6–9, with lateroventral spines on segment 9 showing sexual dimorphism; tubes in subdorsal and ventrolateral positions on segment 2, in sublateral positions on segments 4 and 8, in lateroventral positions on segment 5, and in laterodorsal positions on segment 10. Furthermore, the enlarged sieve plates on segment 9 make the species highly characteristic. New records of the species extend its distributional range into the Bothnian Bay where the bottom water salinity drops below 5 ppt, which is the lowest salinity recorded for a habitat with kinorhynchs.
Evaluation of the donor site after the median forehead flap
Authors: Choi June Seok , Bae Yong Chan , Nam Soo Bong , Bae Seong Hwan , Kim Geon Woo 
Published: May 2018

Background Forehead flaps are useful for facial reconstruction. Studies of these flaps have mostly focused on the results of the reconstruction. However, due to the scarring and changes on the forehead caused by the median forehead flap (MFF), surgeons may be reluctant to perform this flap. Research into the donor site is needed for practical purposes.
Methods We examined 42 patients who underwent an MFF at Pusan National University Hospital from 1996 to 2016. Based on a retrospective chart review, we examined the occurrence of complications. We also evaluated scars on the forehead using the Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS) and assessed changes in the eyebrow position of 22 patients.
Results No complications occurred in the 42 patients. The mean VSS score of the 22 patients was 2.8±0.79. The ratio of the height of the eyebrow on each side to the distance between the medial canthi increased postoperatively, meaning that both the left and right brows were elevated slightly (P=0.026 and P=0.014). However, the symmetry between the left and right sides did not change (P=0.979). The ratio of the interbrow distance to the distance between the medial canthi decreased slightly, meaning that the interbrow distance narrowed mildly (P<0.001). Moreover, there were no noticeable changes in the brow position as seen in a photo overlay.
Conclusions There were no notable complications in the forehead. Forehead scarring was acceptable. No change in brow symmetry was observed via photographic measurements and a photo overlay. Therefore, we propose that the MFF is a useful choice for minimizing scarring or deformation of the donor site.
Upper eyelid platinum weight placement for the treatment of paralytic lagophthalmos: A new plane between the inner septum and the levator aponeurosis
Authors: Oh Tae Suk , Min Kyunghyun , Song Sin Young , Choi Jong Woo , Koh Kyung Suk 
Published: May 2018

Background The most common surgical treatment for paralytic lagophthalmos is the placement of a weight implant in the upper eyelid; however, this technique confers the risks of implant visibility, implant extrusion, and entropion. In this study, we present a new technique of placing platinum weight implants between the levator aponeurosis and inner septum to decrease such complications.
Methods A total of 37 patients with paralytic lagophthalmos were treated between March 2014 and January 2017 with platinum weight placement (mean follow-up, 520.1 days). After dissecting through the orbicularis oculi muscle, the tarsal plate and levator aponeurosis were exposed. The platinum weights (1.0–1.4 g) were fixed to the upper margin of the tarsal plate and placed underneath the orbital septum.
Results Five patients could partially close their eye after surgery. The average distance between the upper eyelid and the lower eyelid when the eyes were closed was 1.12 mm. The rest of the patients were able to close their eye completely. Three patients patient developed allergic conjunctivitis after platinum weight insertion, which was managed with medication. None of the patients complained of discomfort in the upper eyelid after surgery. Visibility or extrusion of the implant were observed in three patients.
Conclusions Postseptal weight placement is a safe and reproducible method in both primary and secondary upper eyelid surgery for patients with paralytic lagophthalmos. It is a feasible method for preventing implant visibility, implant exposure, and entropion. Moreover, platinum is a better implant material than gold because of its smaller size and greater thinness.
Validación del Special Judo Fitness Test con la técnica Tokui Waza. Estudio piloto
Authors: Rodríguez C. , Hernández-García R. , Robles C. , Torres-Luque G. 
Published: May 2018

<p class="CuerpoA">El objeto del presente estudio fue validar si la aplicación del Special Judo Fitness Test (SJFT) para judokas genera mejores resultados a través de su aplicación con el Tokui Waza (TW) del judoka (técnica especial), frente a la impuesta por el propio test, Ippon Seoi-Nage, en situaciones de ausencia de fatiga (AF) y de fatiga (CF). Se seleccionaron tres competidores de nivel nacional que realizaron los 4 SJFT repartidos en dos días alternos: un día el SJFT con su TW, en ambas situaciones (AF y CF); y a las 48 horas el SJFT estándar del mismo modo en ambas situaciones (AF y CF). Se registraron valores del test SJFT, la frecuencia cardiaca (FC), la concentración lactato sanguíneo [lact] y la percepción subjetiva de esfuerzo (RPE). Los judokas obtuvieron índices en el SJFT muy similares para ambos test en AF (12,41±0,21 frente a 12,52±0,89), sin embargo, en situación CF los valores de FC, [lact]y número de proyecciones fueron mejores en el SJFT-TW. </p>
Analizando la validación del International Physical Activity Questionnaire en jóvenes adolescentes: Un protocolo modificado para la recogida de los datos
Authors: Aibar A. , García-González L. , Abarca-Sos A. , Murillo B. , Zaragoza J. 
Published: May 2018

<p>La versión corta del International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ-SF) ha sido recomendada como un método eficiente para evaluar la actividad física (AF), pero su validez no ha sido analizada en adolescentes españoles. Este artículo, el cual está compuesto de dos estudios, pretende en primer lugar testar la validez del IPAQ-SF en una muestra de adolescentes españoles, y en un segundo lugar testar y comparar la validez del IPAQ-SF utilizando una versión modificada del protocolo adaptada a adolescentes.</p><p>Dado que este trabajo se divide en dos estudios, se utilizaron dos muestras independientes. Una muestra de 270 adolescentes en el estudio I (55% chicos), y otra de 151 adolescentes en el estudio II (44.6% chicos), con una edad entre 11 y 14 años de seis institutos de Huesca (España). Los participantes llevaron un acelerómetro durante siete días consecutivos y completaron el IPAQ-SF el último día. Se calculó el coeficiente de correlación de Pearson entre ambos métodos. Se utilizó el método Bland-Altman para proporcionar el error total entre los dos métodos en ambos estudios.</p><p>Se encontraron correlaciones significativas entre el IPAQ-SF y el acelerómetro para la AF moderada, vigorosa, y moderada-vigorosa. La AF moderada-vigorosa fue significativamente sobreestimada por el IPAQ-SF. Los gráficos Bland-Altman mostraron que los resultados del IPAQ-SF realizado con el protocolo modificado obtuvieron mejores niveles de acuerdo para la AF vigorosa y moderada-vigorosa.</p><p>El IPAQ-SF puede ser una herramienta válida para medir la AF en jóvenes adolescentes, especialmente cuando se aplican modificaciones metodológicas en el protocolo de recogida de datos. </p>
De l’illustration à la sculpture : Maria Chapdelaine, source d’inspiration de Suzor-Coté
Authors: Lacroix Laurier 
Published: May 2018

C’est à l’initiative de Louvigny de Montigny (1876-1955) que le roman de Louis Hémon, Maria Chapdelaine, est publié pour la première fois à Montréal en 1916. Le texte passe alors de la forme feuilleton à celle de livre. L’édition est confiée à J.-A. Lefebvre qui mandate le soin de l’illustrer à Suzor-Coté (1867-1939). Les vingt-cinq dessins au fusain reproduits maladroitement par les presses de la firme Godin & Ménard sont d’un intérêt inégal. L’artiste reprend et adapte certaines de ses compositions auxquelles il ajoute quelques scènes caractéristiques du roman, traitées de manière sommaire.
La parution en 1921 à Paris du roman lance la carrière internationale du livre qui connaît la célébrité. Fort de sa connaissance de cette oeuvre, Suzor-Coté réalise alors un ensemble de sculptures inspirées de personnages dépeints et de situations décrites. C’est ainsi que les époux Chapdelaine, Maria elle-même, le remmancheur, le médecin de campagne, mais également des scènes montrant le défricheur, l’essoucheur, le portageur et le fumeur prennent forme et seront diffusés dans leur version en bronze.
La veine rurale de l’artiste qui était jusqu’alors centrée sur la région d’Arthabaska et certains de ses habitants connaît un renouveau. Le roman permet à Suzor-Coté de combiner sa propre fiction de la vie à la campagne à celle de Hémon. Certaines de ces sculptures, L’essoucheur et Le portageur, par exemple, sont parmi ses meilleures réussites dans ce domaine et contribuent à maintenir sa réputation comme artiste polyvalent sensible à la représentation de la réalité canadienne. À leur tour, les dessins originaux, glorifiés par le succès du roman et débarrassés du traitement que leur avait fait subir l’imprimeur, connaissent une nouvelle vie, une fois acquis par le Musée de la province en 1934. Suzor-Coté peut alors s’appuyer sur l’impact du livre pour faire oublier l’échec de 1916 et ajouter sa contribution à la représentation des personnages de Hémon dans l’imaginaire collectif.
Discovery of digestive enzymes in carnivorous plants with focus on proteases
Authors: Ravee Rishiesvari , Mohd Salleh Faris ‘Imadi , Goh Hoe-Han 
Published: May 2018

Background. Carnivorous plants have been fascinating researchers with their unique characters and bioinspired applications. These include medicinal trait of some carnivorous plants with potentials for pharmaceutical industry.
Methods. This review will cover recent progress based on current studies on digestive enzymes secreted by different genera of carnivorous plants: Drosera (sundews), Dionaea (Venus flytrap), Nepenthes (tropical pitcher plants), Sarracenia (North American pitcher plants), Cephalotus (Australian pitcher plants), Genlisea (corkscrew plants), and Utricularia (bladderworts).
Results. Since the discovery of secreted protease nepenthesin in Nepenthes pitcher, digestive enzymes from carnivorous plants have been the focus of many studies. Recent genomics approaches have accelerated digestive enzyme discovery. Furthermore, the advancement in recombinant technology and protein purification helped in the identification and characterisation of enzymes in carnivorous plants.
Discussion. These different aspects will be described and discussed in this review with focus on the role of secreted plant proteases and their potential industrial applications.
Fluorescent 2D WS2 Nanosheets Bearing Chemical Affinity Elements for the Recognition of Glycated Hemoglobin
Authors: Yang Jin‐Kyoung , Lee Hye‐Rim , Hwang In‐Jun , Kim Hye‐In , Yim DaBin , Kim Jong‐Ho 
Published: May 2018

AbstractIt is required to exfoliate and functionalize 2D transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) in an aqueous solution for biological and medical applications. Herein, the approach for the simultaneous exfoliation and functionalization of 2D WS2 nanosheets using boronic acid‐modified poly(vinyl alcohol) (B‐PVA) in an aqueous solution is reported, and the B‐PVA‐functionalized WS2 nanosheets (B‐PVA‐WS2) are exploited as a fluorescent biosensor for the detection of glycated hemoglobin, HbA1c. The synthetic B‐PVA polymer facilitates the exfoliation and functionalization of WS2 nanosheets from the bulk counterpart in the aqueous solution via a pulsed sonication process, resulting in fluorescent B‐PVA‐WS2 nanohybrids with a specific recognition of HbA1c. The fluorescence of the B‐PVA‐WS2 is quenched in the presence of HbA1c, whereas PVA‐functionalized WS2 (PVA‐WS2), not bearing boronic acid as a recognition moiety, shows no fluorescence changes upon the addition of the target. The B‐PVA‐WS2 is able to selectively detect HbA1c at the concentration as low as 3.3 × 10−8 m based on its specific fluorescence quenching.
Polyphenol–Poloxamer Self‐Assembled Supramolecular Nanoparticles for Tumor NIRF/PET Imaging
Authors: Wang Xinyu , Yan Junjie , Pan Donghui , Yang Runlin , Wang Lizhen , Xu Yuping , Sheng Jie , Yue Yuanyuan , Huang Qianhuan , Wang Yanting , Wang Rongrong , Yang Min 
Published: May 2018

AbstractSelf‐assembled supramolecular nanoparticles have remarkable benefits in bioimaging and drug delivery. Here it is first reported that polyphenol and poloxamer self‐assemble supramolecular nanoparticles (PPNPs). PPNPs are fabricated by multivalent hydrogen bonding between tannic acid and Pluronic F‐127 together with hydrophobic interactions of poly(propylene oxide) chains, to be applied in tumor near‐infrared fluorescence (NIRF) imaging and positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. With near‐infrared fluorescent dyes such as IR780 encapsulated via hydrophobic interactions, PPNPs are used in NIRF imaging. PPNPs with excess phenolic hydroxyl groups chelating positron emitting radionuclide 89Zr function as a PET contrast agent. The in vivo results show surprisingly higher fluorescence intensity in tumors than in other tissues. In addition, PPNPs exhibit good biocompatibility in various cell lines and do not induce hemolysis in vitro. In this study, it is demonstrated that biodegradable and biocompatible PPNPs are an excellent bimodal contrast agent for in vivo tumor imaging.