bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Small Incision Lenticule Extraction Surgery With and Without Cyclotorsion Error Correction for Patients With Astigmatism
Authors: Chen Pei , Ye Yiming , Yu Na , Zhang Xiaoying , He Jiexu , Zheng Hua , Wei Han , Zhuang Jing , Yu Keming 
Published: April 2019

Purpose:
To evaluate the add-on effect of manual cyclotorsion error correction by the cornea-marking method over standard small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) surgery in astigmatic eyes.

Methods:
Consecutive patients (84) who had preoperative myopic astigmatism of −0.75 diopters (D) or more and were seeking surgical refractive correction by SMILE surgery during July 2017 to August 2017 were included in this study and randomized to treatment with standard SMILE surgery (S group: 30 eyes) or cyclotorsion compensated SMILE surgery (CC group: 54 eyes). The visual acuity and refractive outcomes were analyzed preoperatively and postoperatively. Refractive astigmatic changes were analyzed by the Alpins method.

Results:
The S and CC groups were comparable preoperatively regarding age, manifest spherical equivalent, and manifest refractive cylinder. The mean position-related cyclotorsion degree in the enrolled astigmatic eyes for the S and CC groups was 1.7 ± 2.2 degrees (ranging from 0 to 10 degrees) and 2.19 ± 1.74 degrees (ranging from 0 to 10 degrees), respectively. The mean cylinder was −1.67 ± 0.54 D versus −1.72 ± 0.71 D preoperatively. Six months after treatment, the surgical outcomes in the CC group were significantly better than those of the S group, with a postoperative corrected distance visual acuity of −0.07 ± 0.07 versus 0.016 ± 0.13. A vector analysis of astigmatism also yielded better outcomes in the CC group. However, these 2 groups were statistically similar in spherical equivalent.

Conclusions:
SMILE surgery combined with cyclotorsion error compensation yielded a significant improvement in surgical outcomes regarding safety, efficiency, and predictability for patients with astigmatism.
A Unique Case of Burkholderia cepacia Prosthetic Mitral Valve Endocarditis and Literature Review
Authors: Dellalana Laura E. , Byrge Kelly C. , Gandelman Jocelyn S. , Lines Tara , Aronoff David M. , Person Anna K. 
Published: April 2019

Abstract

Burkholderia cepacia prosthetic valve endocarditis (PVE) is extremely rare, with few cases in the literature. A report of a patient with PVE is described, followed by a literature review on B. cepacia PVE. A 38-year-old man with poor dentition and a history of intravenous drug use and mitral valve replacement was found to have a mitral valve vegetation. Five sets of blood cultures on different days grew B. cepacia. Individual sets of blood cultures on different dates also isolated Streptococcus viridans (outside hospital culture), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis (hospital day 1), and Bacillus spp. (hospital day 6). He was successfully treated with ceftazidime and levofloxacin as dual therapy for B. cepacia PVE, in addition to vancomycin for gram-positive coverage. This case report and review highlights the possibility of B. cepacia PVE in immunocompetent patients with poor dentition, with the potential for a successful outcome after combination antimicrobial therapy.
Amoxicillin-Clavulanate in Tuberculosis Disease
Authors: Wheelock Alyse , Iliaki Eirini , Turner Marie T. 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
In the treatment of tuberculosis (TB), antibiotics for presumed bacterial pneumonia may be implicated in diagnostic delays. The same antibiotics are sometimes active against TB, the quinolones being a prominent example. We present the case of a patient with multidrug-resistant TB whose symptoms and radiologic studies improved on amoxicillin-clavulanate to treat presumed necrotizing pneumonia, leading to a complicated and prolonged diagnostic course. We then review the literature on effects of amoxicillin-clavulanate in TB disease, including both in vivo and in vitro studies that have been published to date.
Management of Pneumatosis Intestinalis in Neutropenic Acute Leukemia Patients
Authors: Coba George A. , Shahin Alexander , Saba Marian , Greene John N. 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Pneumatosis intestinalis (PI) is a rare, possibly life-threatening, disorder that results in the buildup of gas within the wall of the gastrointestinal tract. Chemotherapy used to treat hematologic cancer patients results in prolonged neutropenia and mucositis, which increases the risk for a wide range of infections and end-organ damage. There are a few reports of PI in the setting of neutropenia in leukemia patients. Given the potential severity of PI in immunosuppressed patients, we present 3 patients with acute leukemia and review the literature on cancer patients.
Studying Changes to Burn Wound Flora Over Time as an Opportunity for Antimicrobial Stewardship
Authors: Moffa Matthew A. , Walsh Thomas L. , Buchanan Carley , Aballay Ariel , Bremmer Derek N. 
Published: April 2019

Background
Empiric antimicrobial selection for burn injury infection is of paramount importance owing to high rates of morbidity and mortality. By studying the time-related burn wound flora of our patient population, we developed an institutional syndrome-specific algorithm for the appropriate selection of empiric antimicrobial agents.

Methods
During the study period of January 1, 2016, through December 31, 2016, all patients with greater than or equal to 5% total body surface area burn injuries were included for analysis. Culture data from surveillance swabs and operative tissue specimens were reviewed, as it related to time after initial burn injury. Antimicrobial prescription was evaluated when used for a suspected burn injury infection.

Results
Isolation of gram-positive organisms predominated the 31 tissue cultures taken during days 1 to 4 postburn injury. A total of 18 (58%) grew a gram-positive organism, and only 2 (6%) grew a gram-negative rod. After 5 days, we saw a distinct change in microbial growth of the 23 tissue cultures taken, as 11 (48%) grew a gram-positive organism, 12 (52%) grew a gram-negative rod, and 9 (39%) grew Candida species. Even though Pseudomonas species was not isolated until at least 5 days postburn injury, the majority (71%) of antimicrobial prescriptions during the first 4 days after burn injury included an antipseudomonal agent.

Conclusions
These findings of time-related burn wound flora changes along with inappropriate antibiotic prescription led to the development of our institutional syndrome-specific algorithm for the appropriate selection of empiric antimicrobial agents.
Speech Perception Outcomes for Adult Cochlear Implant Recipients Using a Lateral Wall or Perimodiolar Array
Authors: Moran Michelle , Vandali Andrew , Briggs Robert J.S. , Dettman Shani , Cowan Robert S.C. , Dowell Richard C. 
Published: April 2019

Aim:
To assess the speech perception outcomes of adult CI recipients with significant preimplant low frequency hearing, examining differences between perimodiolar and lateral wall electrode placement in order to provide clinical guidance for clinicians and surgeons.

Methods:
A prospective cohort study was undertaken identifying all adults who received a thin straight electrode array (TSEA) at the Royal Victorian Eye & Ear Hospital (RVEEH) from 2010 to 2015 and who had a preimplant low frequency pure tone median ≤70 dB HL (n = 63). A retrospective review was completed of the RVEEH database to identify a comparison group who had been implanted with a perimodiolar electrode array, comprising adults implanted between 2004 and 2011 (PM Group) with preimplant hearing equivalent to the TSEA group (n = 70). The TSEA Group were further divided into subgroups in which n = 19 used EAS (TSEA-EAS) and n = 44 who used electric-only hearing (TSEA-Standard).

Results:
There was no significant difference in median speech perception outcomes between the TSEA and PM Groups (TSEA 61.7%, PM 67.3%, p = 0.954). A significant difference was found between the TSEA-EAS and TSEA-Standard subgroups for median speech perception outcome (TSEA-EAS median 73.5%, TSEA-Standard median 58.3%, p = 0.043).

Conclusions:
Significant speech perception benefit following cochlear implantation was achieved with both the perimodiolar and lateral wall electrode arrays and no significant difference was found between outcomes with those array types in this population of adults with functional low frequency hearing pre-implant. Those that received a TSEA, had preserved hearing, and utilised an EAS sound processor performed better than their peers with a TSEA and electric-only hearing.
Diagnostic value of soluble mesothelin-related peptides in pleural effusion for malignant pleural mesothelioma
Authors: Gao Ruiyue , Wang Feng , Wang Zhen , Wu Yanbing , Xu Lili , Qin Yue , Shi Huanzhong , Tong Zhaohui 
Published: April 2019

Abstract

Background:
Soluble mesothelin-related peptide (SMRP) is a widely studied tumor marker for diagnosing malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM). This study discussed the diagnostic value of SMRPs in pleural effusion (PE) for MPM.

Methods:
Medline, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane library system were systematically searched on the data of SMRPs in PE for MPM diagnosis. Pooled diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, and symmetric receiver operating characteristic curve were calculated.

Results:
Thirteen studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria and a total of 3359 cases including 759 MPM cases, 1061 non-MM (malignant mesothelioma) malignant PE, and 1539 benign PE were brought into this meta-analysis. The pooled results of SMRPs in PE for diagnosing MPM were as follows: sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, and diagnostic odds ratio were 0.68 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.64–0.72), 0.91 (95% CI: 0.86–0.94), 7.8 (95% CI: 5.0–12.0), 0.35 (95% CI: 0.31–0.40), and 22 (95% CI: 14–35), respectively. The area under the summary receiver operating characteristic curves (AUC) was 0.75 (95% CI: 0.72–0.80). Subgroup analyzes revealed that the AUC of cohort group using histological diagnosis could be improved to 0.86 (95% CI: 0.83, 0.89). The Deek's funnel plot asymmetry test showed no publication bias.

Conclusion:
Although the sensitivity of SMRPs was low, PE-SMRPs can be a good indicator of the existence of MPM.
Efficacy of fenofibrate for diabetic retinopathy
Authors: Su Xing-jie , Han Lin , Qi Yan-Xiu , Liu Hong-wei 
Published: April 2019

Abstract

Background:
Numerous studies have reported the efficacy of fenofibrate for patients with diabetic retinopathy (DRP). No systematic review has, however, addressed its efficacy for DRP. Thus, this systematic review will firstly evaluate the efficacy and safety of fenofibrate for patients with DRP.

Methods:
This study will search the following databases: PUMBED, EMBASE, CINAHI, ACMD, CENTRAL, CBM, CNKI, VIP, and WANGFANG, along with grey literature from inception to the present. We will accept randomized controlled trials on evaluating the efficacy and safety of fenofibrate for DRP. The primary outcome is the progression of DRP. The secondary outcomes are vision loss, development of diabetic macular edema, aggravation of hard exudates, quality of life, and any adverse events. Methodological quality of each included study will be assessed by using Cochrane Collaboration risk of bias tool. In addition, Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation tool will also be used to evaluate the overall strength of the evidence. Two independent reviewers will conduct all procedures of study selection, data extraction, and methodological assessment. Any disagreements will be consulted with a third reviewer. RevMan 5.3 software will be used to pool data and to carry out the meta-analysis if it is possible.

Results:
In present study, we anticipate to find a considerable number of published studies presenting evidence on efficacy and safety of fenofibrate for DRP.

Conclusion:
The findings of this systematic review will provide latest evidence of fenofibrate for patients with DRP.

Dissemination and ethics:
The findings of this scoping review will be disseminated in print, conferences, or by peer-reviewed journals. No ethical approval is needed for this systematic review, because it is a literature-based study.

Systematic review registration:
PROSPERO CRD42019121869.
Management of brown tumor of spine with primary hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Hu Jinbo , He Shaohui , Yang Jian , Ye Chen , Yang Xinghai , Xiao Jianru 
Published: April 2019

Abstract

Rationale:
Brown tumor (BT) is a rare benign lesion in skeletal system. It is especially rare secondary to primary hyperparathyroidism (HPT). The differential diagnosis can be misleading due to its diversified clinical characteristics. Final diagnosis mainly relies on excessive elevated parathyroid hormone and biopsy. Treatments include surgical interventions and drugs. Only 19 articles (total 22 cases) reported BT of spine caused by primary HPT.

Patient concerns:
A 50-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital complaining left elbow and thoracodorsal pain with the lower limbs weakness.

Diagnoses:
Multifocal BT.

Interventions:
The patient received intramuscular injection of Miacalcic and incense of Calcitonin (Salmon) Nasal Spray to decrease serum calcium level. Surgery was performed later to excise the ectopia parathyroidoma.

Outcomes:
At 1-year follow-up, the patient was able to lead an independent life in her full capacity, even though she occasionally complained mild weakness of lower limbs.

Lessons:
BT of spine with HPT is rarely seen in the clinical practice. Treating the primary parathyroid diseases can be effective. For patients with vertebral fractures and neural deficits, immediately surgical intervention will be necessary to prevent the worse of neurological function.
Primary cardiac angiosarcoma with right atrial wall rupture
Authors: Kim Jinah , Da Nam Bo , Hwang Jung Hwa , Park Soo Bin , Lee Min-Ho , Kim Dong Won , Park Young Woo , Lee Min-Young 
Published: April 2019

Abstract

Rationale:
Cardiac angiosarcoma is the most common malignant tumor of the heart and a rare disease with rapid disease progression and poor prognosis. Cardiac wall rupture is an extremely rare complication.

Patient concerns:
A 32-year-old woman presented with an acute onset of epigastric pain and chest discomfort at first time when she visited an emergency room.

Diagnoses:
A cardiac mass was identified on echocardiography and subsequently performed chest computed tomography and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging revealed the cardiac tumor at right atrium with right atrial wall rupture and hematogenous lung metastasis. Histopathologic diagnosis of metastatic angiosarcoma was done by open lung biopsy.

Interventions:
The patient was treated with palliative chemotherapy for the primary cardiac tumor and hematogenous lung metastasis.

Outcomes:
The follow-up imaging studies revealed treatment response of the primary cardiac tumor and hematogenous lung metastasis.

Lessons:
Clinical and radiologic evaluation of the cardiac angiosarcoma was well performed in our case with various diagnostic imaging modalities including echocardiography, chest computed tomography, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, and fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography/computed tomography. This case report well demonstrates typical imaging findings of a rare cardiac tumor and emphasizes importance of early investigation for accurate diagnosis and proper management of the cardiac tumor.
Molecular characteristic analysis for the VP1 region of coxsackievirus A6 strains isolated in Jiujiang area, China, from 2012 to 2013
Authors: Wang Hongtao , Yu Wenmin , Xu Tao , Li Yuyun , Wang Xiaojing , Sun Meiqun 
Published: April 2019

Abstract

Background:
Enterovirus 71 (EV-A71) and Coxsackievirus A16 (CV-A16) are the most common causative agents causing hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD). However, coxsackievirus A6 (CV-A6), previously largely ignored, became the predominant pathogen in China in 2012. The objective of this study is to investigate the genetic characteristics and molecular epidemiology of HFMD caused by CV-A6 to guide the diagnosis and treatment of the disease, as well as disease prevention.

Material and methods:
A total of 138 suspected HFMD cases were enrolled in this study and analyses based on complete VP1 nucleotide sequences were performed to determine the evolutionary trajectory of emerging CV-A6.

Results:
Among 138 samples in Jiujiang, 125 (90.58%) were positive for enterovirus, the most frequently presented serotypes were CV-A6 (77, 61.60%), CV-A16 (28, 22.40%), EV-A71 (6, 4.80%) and untyped enteroviruses (14, 11.20%). Seventy-seven CV-A6 positive specimens were analyzed for the complete VP1 sequences by sequencing and 36 representative isolates were selected to perform nucleotide sequence similarity analysis. The results showed that 36 strains isolated from HFMD patients were clustered closely to the mainland China and were far from prototype strain CV-A6/Gdula (AY421764) and other international subtypes. Moreover, phylogenetic analysis of the VP1 gene revealed that 36 circulating strains were not significantly concentrated in one branch, but were widely distributed in each branch.

Conclusions:
Continuous surveillance of HFMD etiological agents other than EV-A71 and CV-A16 is necessary. CV-A6 is emerging as the most common pathogen causing HFMD. Closely monitoring the magnitude and trend of CV-A6 epidemic and the trend of pathogenic spectrum changes can provide scientific basis for this disease prevention and control to the department of disease control.
The role of ERCC1 and AFP gene polymorphism in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Huang Yu-Liang , Wu Jun-Rong , Fang Min , Zhao Hui-Liu , Liu Zhi-Min , Ye Jian , Huang Ling-Sha , Zhu Bo 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of polymorphisms in excision repair cross-complementation group 1 (ERCC1) and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) genes and their haplotypes on the susceptibility to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and to decipher the association between single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and clinicopathologic characteristics of HCC.
Peripheral blood DNA was extracted from 206 subjects. SNaPshot technique was used for genotyping 5 SNP sites of the ERCC1 rs735482, rs1046282, rs3212948, and AFP rs737241, rs4024 genotypes. Chi-squared test and logistic regression model were used to analyze the relationship of different genotypes or haplotype and the susceptibility and clinicopathologic characteristics of HCC.
The frequency of GG.GA and AA genotypes at the AFP rs737241 site in the case and control groups showed statistically significant differences (P < .05). The risk of HCC in subjects carrying mutated allele A (GA+AA) was increased by 0.543-times (P < .05) compared to that in the subjects with the GG genotype. Significant differences were observed in the linkage disequilibrium between 2 of the five SNPs (P < .05); the frequency of ERCC1 C-C and AFP A-A haplotypes was significantly lower in the case group than in the control group (P < .05). The results of clinicopathologic analysis showed that A allele at the rs737241 locus could increase the expression level of AFP (P = .007), the rs1046282 mutation C allele could increase the AFP expression level (P = .011), rs4024 locus mutation A allele could reduce the risk of vascular invasion (P = .013), rs3212948 locus mutation T allele could reduce the differentiation of liver cancer (P = .022), rs1046282 locus C allele could reduce the DNA load of hepatitis B virus (P = .035), and rs735482 A allele could increase the tumor size in HCC (P = .037).
The SNPs in rs737241 for AFP gene may correlate with the occurrence of HCC. The SNPs in ERCC1 and AFP genes may affect the prognosis of HCC, offering reliable information for early prediction of tumor progression and diagnosis of HCC.
Inflammatory bowel disease and mycobacteria: how much can we trust isoniazid prophylaxis during antitumor necrosis factor therapy?
Authors: Akyuz Filiz , Cavus Bilger , Iliaz Raim , Soyer Ozlem M. , Ormeci Asli , Evirgen Sami , Onder Semen , Koksalan Kaya , Keskin Metin , Karaca Cetin , Demir Kadir , Gulluoglu Mine , Cagatay Tulin , Besisik Fatih , Kaymakoglu Sabahattin 
Published: April 2019

Objectives
Isoniazid (INH) prophylaxis is recommended for the prevention of tuberculosis (TB) reactivation before or/and during initiation of treatment with tumour necrosis factor antagonists (anti-TNF agents). Nonetheless, the long-term effectiveness of chemoprophylaxis is not clear. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the characteristics of patients who developed TB reactivation in spite of INH prophylaxis associated with anti-TNF treatment.

Patients and methods
In this retrospective study, medical records of 1263 patients with inflammatory bowel disease were reviewed. Baseline TB screening tests (purified protein derivative test and/or QuantiFERON-TB Gold test) were performed on all patients before initiation of anti-TNF therapy. Patients with purified protein derivative of more than 5 mm and/or a positive result of the QuantiFERON-TB Gold test received INH prophylaxis for 9 months. We analysed the data of patients diagnosed with TB reactivation during the anti-TNF treatment despite INH chemoprophylaxis.

Results
Overall, 175 patients underwent anti-TNF treatment. Sixty of these 175 patients had pretreatment testing showing latent TB infection and therefore were treated concomitantly with INH for 9 months in addition to their anti-TNF treatment. TB reactivation occurred in four of these 60 co-INH/anti-TNF treated patients. Active TB was diagnosed after 37.5±27 (range: 18–84) months of anti-TNF treatment. In two of the four patients that active TB was diagnosed, was also detected other Mycobacterium spp.: M. bovis in one patient and M. genavense in the other one.

Conclusion
INH chemoprophylaxis may not prevent the reactivation of TB during anti-TNF therapy in the long-term. Patients should be carefully and periodically screened for TB reactivation during anti-TNF therapy.
Indication for treatment and severity of disease in treatment-naive patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection
Authors: Post Gerrit , Shalev Noga , Baumgarten Axel , Shimakawa Yusuke , Lemoine Maud , Krznaric Ivanka , Dupke Stephan , Carganico Andreas , Arastéh Keikawus , Ingiliz Patrick 
Published: April 2019

Background and aims
The prevalence of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in Europe is poorly defined. Data on the proportion of patients eligible for therapy are lacking but are crucial to meet WHO elimination goals. The aims of our study were to provide an estimate of the need for antiviral treatment and to assess the prevalence of advanced liver disease in treatment-naive, chronic HBV-infected patients.

Patients and methods
We performed a retrospective, cross-sectional analysis of all treatment-naive HBV-infected patients. Baseline clinical assessments included sociodemographic data, hepatitis B-specific analyses, and liver stiffness measurement (LSM).

Results
Between 2010 and 2017, 465 patients with chronic HBV infection were referred, with 301 (64.7%) being eligible for our analysis. Overall, 40% were female, and the mean age was 39.3±13.1 years. Moreover, 61% of patients were born outside Europe, predominantly in the Asia-Pacific region. The median HBV viral load was 1630 IU/ml (interquartile range: 240–35 000 IU/ml), 145 (48.2%) patients had an HBV viral load above 2000 IU/ml, and 14.3% were HBeAg positive.
Median LSM was 5.2 kPa (interquartile range: 4.2–6.6 kPa). LSM indicating clinically significant fibrosis (≥F2) was found in 96/271 (35.0%) patients, including 20/271 (7.4%) patients with suspected advanced fibrosis/cirrhosis. Overall, 26% of patients met EASL 2017 treatment criteria.

Conclusion
In HBV-infected patients referred to one of the largest ID clinics in Berlin, only 26% met EASL treatment criteria and 7% had suspected cirrhosis at presentation. Only in 4% of all patients, a treatment indication could not be determined by a noninvasive approach.