bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of Donor Type in Patients with AML Given Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation After Low-Dose TBI-Based Regimen
Authors: Baron Frédéric , Labopin Myriam , Ruggeri Annalisa , Cornelissen Jan J. , Meijer Ellen , Sengeloev Henrik , Niederwieser Dietger , De Groot Marco R. , Schouten Harry C. , Milpied Noel , Blaise Didier , Savani Bipin N. , Gluckman Eliane , Mohty Mohamad , Nagler Arnon 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Purpose: We assessed the impact of donor type in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients transplanted with 2 Gy total body irradiation (TBI)-based nonmyeloablative conditioning regimen.
Patients and Methods: Data from 1,715 adult patients, with AML in CR1 or CR2 were included in this retrospective survey.
Results: Donors consisted either of HLA-matched sibling donors (MSD, n = 701), 10/10 HLA-matched unrelated donors (MUD, n = 611), HLA-haploidentical donors (haplo, n = 112) or single or double umbilical cord bloods (CBT, n = 291). Chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) was less frequent in CBT (28%) and in haplo (30%) patients than in MSD (50%) and MUD (51%) recipients (P &lt; 0.001). Two-year incidence of relapse was 32%, 30%, 34%, and 34% in MSD, MUD, CBT and haplo patients, respectively (P = 0.7). Two-year overall (OS) and GVHD-free relapse-free survival (GRFS) were 59% and 29% in MSD patients, 56% and 39% in CBT recipients, 53% and 23% in MUD recipients, and 43% and 37% in haplo patients, respectively. In multivariate analyses, MUD patients had lower GRFS than MSD patients beyond day 100 (HR 1.3, P = 0.001) while CBT was associated with a better GRFS than MSD beyond day 100 (HR 0.6, P = 0.002).
Conclusions: In this large cohort of AML patients transplanted following low-dose TBI-based conditioning, the relapse incidence was not affected by donor type suggesting that the intensity of GVL effects might be comparable with these four transplant approaches. Furthermore, CBT was associated with better GRFS beyond day 100 than MSD while the opposite was observed for MUD. Clin Cancer Res; 24(12); 2794–803. ©2018 AACR.
Salivary Gland Cancer Patient-Derived Xenografts Enable Characterization of Cancer Stem Cells and New Gene Events Associated with Tumor Progression
Authors: Keysar Stephen B. , Eagles Justin R. , Miller Bettina , Jackson Brian C. , Chowdhury Farshad N. , Reisinger Julie , Chimed Tugs-Saikhan , Le Phuong N. , Morton John J. , Somerset Hilary L. , Varella-Garcia Marileila , Tan Aik-Choon , Song John I. , Bowles Daniel W. , Reyland Mary E. , Jimeno Antonio 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Purpose: Salivary gland cancers (SGC) frequently present with distant metastases many years after diagnosis, suggesting a cancer stem cell (CSC) subpopulation that initiates late recurrences; however, current models are limited both in their availability and suitability to characterize these rare cells.
Experimental Design: Patient-derived xenografts (PDX) were generated by engrafting patient tissue onto nude mice from one acinic cell carcinoma (AciCC), four adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC), and three mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) cases, which were derived from successive relapses from the same MEC patient. Patient and PDX samples were analyzed by RNA-seq and Exome-seq. Sphere formation potential and in vivo tumorigenicity was assessed by sorting for Aldefluor (ALDH) activity and CD44-expressing subpopulations.
Results: For successive MEC relapses we found a time-dependent increase in CSCs (ALDH+CD44high), increasing from 0.2% to 4.5% (P=0.033), but more importantly we observed an increase in individual CSC sphere formation and tumorigenic potential. A 50% increase in mutational burden was documented in subsequent MEC tumors, and this was associated with increased expression of tumor-promoting genes (MT1E, LGR5, and LEF1), decreased expression of tumor-suppressor genes (CDKN2B, SIK1, and TP53), and higher expression of CSC-related proteins such as SOX2, MYC, and ALDH1A1. Finally, genomic analyses identified a novel NFIB–MTFR2 fusion in an ACC tumor and confirmed previously reported fusions (NTRK3–ETV6 and MYB–NFIB).
Conclusions: Sequential MEC PDX models preserved key patient features and enabled the identification of genetic events putatively contributing to increases in both CSC proportion and intrinsic tumorigenicity, which mirrored the patient's clinical course. Clin Cancer Res; 24(12); 2935–43. ©2018 AACR.
The Long (lncRNA) and Short (miRNA) of It: TGFβ-Mediated Control of RNA-Binding Proteins and Noncoding RNAs
Authors: Janakiraman Harinarayanan , House Reniqua P. , Gangaraju Vamsi K. , Diehl J. Alan , Howe Philip H. , Palanisamy Viswanathan 
Published: March 2018

AbstractRNA-binding proteins (RBP) and noncoding RNAs (ncRNA), such as long noncoding RNAs (lncRNA) and microRNAs (miRNA), control co- and posttranscriptional gene regulation (PTR). At the PTR level, RBPs and ncRNAs contribute to pre-mRNA processing, mRNA maturation, transport, localization, turnover, and translation. Deregulation of RBPs and ncRNAs promotes the onset of cancer progression and metastasis. Both RBPs and ncRNAs are altered by signaling cascades to cooperate or compete with each other to bind their nucleic acid targets. Most importantly, transforming growth factor-beta (TGFβ) signaling plays a significant role in controlling gene expression patterns by targeting RBPs and ncRNAs. Because of TGFβ signaling in cancer, RBP-RNA or RNA-RNA interactions are altered and cause enhanced cell growth and tumor cell dissemination. This review focuses on the emerging concepts of TGFβ signaling on posttranscriptional gene regulation and highlights the implications of RBPs and ncRNAs in cancer progression and metastasis. Mol Cancer Res; 16(4); 567–79. ©2018 AACR.
1980-2000 DÖNEMİNDE İMALAT SANAYİİNDE YAPISAL DEĞİŞİM
Authors: KURTOĞLU Yusuf 
Published: March 2018

Finans
sektörü ve dış ticarette dünya ölçeğinde artan serbestleşme, ekonomilerin
uluslararası düzeyde bütünleşme sürecini hızlandırmıştır. Serbest ticaretin
temel öngörüsü, gelişmekte olan ülkelerin büyüyen piyasa koşullarından olumlu
yönde etkilenecekleri varsayımıdır. 1980’li yılların başından itibaren
uygulamaya konulan ihracata dayalı sanayileşme ve serbest dış ticaret
politikaları Türkiye’nin sanayi sektörünün gelişimi ve ekonomik büyümesini
olumlu yönde etkilemiştir. 1990’lı yıllara gelindiğinde Türkiye imalat sanayinin
rekabet gücü de pozitif bir gelişim göstermiştir. Bununla birlikte, Sektördeki
sermaye yapısına bakıldığında, öz kaynak oranlarında azalış meydana geldiği
gözlemlenmektedir. Bu durum sektörde yatırımları ve ileri teknoloji ürünü
ihracatını olumsuz yönde etkilemiştir. Serbestleşmeye rağmen, doğrudan yabancı
sermaye yatırımlarında istenilen düzeye ulaşılamamış olunmakla birlikte,
AB-Gümrük Birliği’nin yürürlüğe girmesinden sonra ekonomik faaliyetlerde
küresel düzeyde bütünleşme yolunda gelişim meydana gelmiştir.
Is lithium monitoring NICE? Lithium monitoring in a UK secondary care setting
Authors: Nikolova Viktoriya L , Pattanaseri Keerati , Hidalgo-Mazzei Diego , Taylor David , Young Allan H 
Published: March 2018

Background: Lithium is widely used for the treatment of bipolar disorder. Owing to its narrow therapeutic index and side-effect profile, regular monitoring of serum levels, renal and thyroid function has been recommended by all major guidelines on lithium use. Objectives: We investigated whether lithium monitoring during maintenance phase treatment in clinical practice meets the latest recommendation by the National Institute for Health and Clinical excellence (i.e. lithium levels between 0.6 and 1.0 mmol/L and lithium level, thyroid and renal function tests every 6 months) in one of the largest mental health organizations in Europe, the South London and Maudsley (SLaM) NHS Foundation Trust. Methods: Retrospective data were extracted from SLaM’s Clinical Record Interactive Search (CRIS) system. Adult patients with a psychiatric disorder who were on lithium at any point during the period January 2012–January 2016 and had at least one lithium level test result in the system were included in the analyses. Results: A total of 2639 lithium level tests results were retrieved for 412 patients. Overall, the serum level was within the recommended range in 50.7% of all tests, below the range in 42.4% and above in 6.9%. Lithium level, renal and thyroid function tests were performed at the recommended frequency of 6 months (or less) in 76.2%, 72.7% and 60.2% of patients, respectively. Conclusion: These data demonstrate that there is a gap between the NICE 2014 recommendation and lithium monitoring practice in secondary care, with a high number of lithium level results below the therapeutic minimum. Reminder strategies for secondary care practitioners, shared care agreements or a central registry for lithium users could improve monitoring performance.
Analysis of haemostasis biomarkers in patients with advanced stage lung cancer during hypofractionated radiotherapy treatment
Authors: Wolny-Rokicka Edyta , Brzeźniakiewicz-Janus Katarzyna , Wydmański Jerzy , Tukiendorf Andrzej , Zembroń-Łacny Agnieszka 
Published: March 2018

Objective To investigate the relationship between changes in inflammatory and coagulatory biomarkers before and after short palliative radiotherapy in patients with advanced stage lung cancer. Methods This prospective observational single-centre study enrolled patients with histologically- or cytologically-confirmed lung cancer who were eligible for palliative radiotherapy. Inflammatory and coagulatory biomarkers including complete blood count, D-dimer and fibrinogen levels were evaluated before and after short hypofractionated radiotherapy. Results Seventy-two patients with advanced stage lung carcinoma were enrolled in this study. Metastases were associated with an increase in white blood cells, neutrophils and mean platelet volume. Increased volume of the primary tumour had a borderline level of correlation with white blood cell and neutrophil counts. After radiotherapy, white blood cells, neutrophils, haemoglobin and lymphocyte counts were decreased. After radiotherapy, the change in fibrinogen and mean platelet volume were borderline significant. Conclusion The levels of inflammatory and coagulatory biomarkers can be used to monitor treatment.
Optimal platelet function test for in-stent tissue protrusion following carotid artery stenting
Authors: Tsujimoto Masanori , Enomoto Yukiko , Miyai Masafumi , Egashira Yusuke , Iwama Toru 
Published: March 2018

Purpose To determine the best platelet function test for in-stent tissue protrusion following carotid artery stenting (CAS). Methods Patients who underwent CAS were recruited prospectively in this observational study. Combination of aspirin 100 mg/day and clopidogrel 75 mg/day was administered for a minimum of 7 days prior to procedure. Platelet aggregation was measured by light transmittance aggregometry (LTA) following stimulation by adenosine diphosphate (ADP), collagen, and thrombin receptor activating peptide (TRAP) and by the point of care assay, VerifyNow which measures aspirin and thienopyridine reaction units. Results In-stent tissue protrusion with maximum projection area of ≥1 mm2 was detected by optical coherence tomography (OCT) in 10/28 (36%) patients. Baseline characteristics were not significantly different between the two in-stent size groups (i.e., ≥1 mm2 vs. <1 mm2) but after stimulation by collagen at 10 and 20 μg/ml, platelet reactivity as measured by LTA was significantly higher in the ≥1 mm2 group compared with the <1 mm2 group. No other differences in platelet function were detected. Conclusions Collagen-induced platelet reactivity was related to in-stent tissue protrusion size following CAS.
Red Blood Cell Product Transfusion Thresholds and Clinical Outcomes
Authors: Lilly Craig M. , Badawi Omar , Liu Xinggang , Gill Christine S. , Harris Ilene 
Published: March 2018

Objective: To determine whether patients transfused red blood cell (RBC) products according to guideline-specified pretransfusion hemoglobin (Hb) concentrations or for other reasons were more likely to survive their intensive care unit (ICU) stay. Design: An observational study of 375 478 episodes of ICU care, over 5 years, was performed with ICU survival as the primary outcome. Outcomes were analyzed as a function of pretransfusion Hb concentration for groups with distinct transfusion indications while adjusting for potential confounders. Setting and Patients: This study included all adult patients discharged from 1 of 203 adult ICUs from 32 US health-care systems. The patients were from community hospitals, tertiary, and academic medical centers. Intervention: Transfusion of allogenic packed RBCs or whole blood was prescribed at the discretion of the treating clinicians. Measurements and Main Results: We found that 15% of adult ICU patients are transfused RBC products, and most transfusions for hemodynamically stable patients are administered above the guideline-specified pretransfusion Hb threshold of 7 g/dL. Hemodynamically stable patients transfused below this threshold were significantly more likely to survive their ICU stay than those not transfused (odds ratio [OR] 0.59, 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.43-0.81; P = .001), and patients transfused at thresholds above 9 g/dL were less likely to survive their ICU stay than those not transfused. Patients of the acute blood loss group who were transfused appeared to benefit or were not harmed by transfusion. Conclusion: Conservative RBC product transfusion practices for groups that are targeted by guidelines are justified by outcomes observed in clinical practice. This study provides evidence for the liberal administration of RBC products to critically ill adults with acute blood loss based on association with lower risk of mortality.
Neoliberal reformers: Economics as class warfare
Authors: Dabscheck Braham 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThis review article discusses MacLean’s study of the ideas of a group of economists and their embracing by an oligarchy of business groups to implement a Neoliberal agenda and its implications for American democracy. It mainly focuses on the Nobel Prize winning economist James McGill Buchanan and the industrialist Charles Koch. Business groups provided funds to Buchanan and others to train right-minded people in the precepts of Neoliberalism, established think tanks and institutes to disseminate their views, and ‘directed’ and/or provided advice and draft legislation for Republican politicians at both the state and federal level. Inspiration for how to achieve this Neoliberal ‘revolution’ can be found in Lenin’s 1902 What is to be Done?. The Neoliberal attack on government and statism is consistent with Orwell’s notion of doublethink. It constitutes a weakening of those parts of the state which are inimical to the interests of a wealthy oligarchy, the federal government and agencies/government departments who are viewed as imposing costs (taxes) on and interfering with (regulating) the actions of the oligarchy, and strengthening other parts such as state governments, the judiciary, at both the state (especially) and federal level and police forces to protect and advance their interests.
Surveillance of Otitis Media With Effusion in Thai Children With Cleft Palate
Authors: Ungkanont Kitirat , Boonyabut Panrasee , Komoltri Chulaluk , Tanphaichitr Archwin , Vathanophas Vannipa 
Published: March 2018

Objective: To study the incidence and outcome of management of otitis media with effusion in Thai children with cleft palate. Design: Retrospective cohort study in the tertiary care center. Patients: Ninety-five children with cleft palate were referred for ear evaluation, from June 1997 to January 2015. Fifteen children (15.8%) had associated craniofacial syndromic anomalies. Main outcome measures: Cumulative incidence of otitis media with effusion, rate of ventilation tube insertion, duration of indwelling tubes, hearing outcome, and complications of ventilation tubes. Results: Ear examinations were done every 8 to 12 weeks throughout the study. Cumulative incidence of otitis media with effusion was 53.7% in children within 12 months of age and 81.1% within 24 months of age. At the end of the study, all of the patients had at least 1 episode of otitis media with effusion. Eighty-eight children (92.6%) had palatoplasty, and there was no significant difference in the incidence of otitis media before and after palatoplasty. The mean hearing level at recruitment was 40.8 ±18.4 dB. Ventilation tube insertion was done in 76 patients (80%). The median time for indwelling tubes was 11.7 months. Rate of ventilation tube insertion was 0.5/year. The mean hearing level at last follow-up was 23.5 ± 14 dB. Otorrhea through tube was found in 24 cases (31.6%). Conclusion: Otitis media with effusion was common in Thai children with cleft palate. Surveillance of middle ear effusion and ventilation tube insertion contributed to a favorable hearing outcome.
Improvement of Aesthetic and Nasal Airway in Patients With Cleft Lip Nasal Deformities
Authors: Zhang Lei , Bai Xiaofeng , Li Zengjian , Liu Qiang , Yang Mingliang , Wang Xukai , Lu Li 
Published: March 2018

Objective: To assess the improvement of nasal morphologies and ventilation after septal cartilage graft and septoplasty of patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP). Design: Retrospective case-control study. Setting: Tertiary stomatology hospital. Patients: In total, 118 patients with UCLP who had been diagnosed with a secondary nasal deformity and had reconstructive rhinoplasty and/or septoplasty between 2010 and 2015. Main Outcome Measures: Nasal Obstruction Symptoms Evaluation (NOSE) questionnaire, septum deviated angle, rhinoplasty satisfaction questionnaire, and 3-dimensional photographs. Results: Average follow-up period was approximately 12 months for both groups. NOSE and 3-dimensional computed tomography (3DCT) analysis demonstrated postoperative improvement in nasal airway function of those patients who underwent rhinoplasty and septoplasty simultaneously ( P < .05). Subjective assessment by patients’ visual analog scale (VAS) and objective assessment by 3-dimensional stereophotography demonstrated postoperative improvement in nasal morphologies, particularly the columella deviation angle and nasal depth (representing nasal tip height), which are crucial parameters of nasal aesthetics ( P < .05). Conclusions: In patients who underwent simultaneous rhinoplasty and septoplasty, nasal symmetry and ventilation function were significantly improved compared to the control group. Septum grafts could provide nasal tip support for patients with cleft lip. Three-dimensional stereophotogrammetry helped us to better visualize the surgical results. Although the septal cartilage of Asian patients is sometimes insufficient for simultaneous use for multiple grafts, septum grafts in rhinoplasty of patients with cleft lip nasal deformities could give support for nasal tips.
Prospective study comparing Xalatan® eye drops and two similar generics as to the efficacy and safety profile
Authors: Diagourtas Andreas , Kagelaris Kostantinos , Oikonomakis Kostantinos , Droulias Andreas , Kokolakis Nikolaos , Papaconstantinou Dimitrios 
Published: March 2018

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy and safety between two generic prostaglandins Lataz–Xalaprost (Greece) and the corresponding original drops (Xalatan®). Material and methods: In this prospective randomized study, 60 patients diagnosed with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension were enrolled, who had never received antiglaucoma treatment. Subjects were divided randomly into three groups (Xalatan, Lataz, and Xalaprost groups) and they were studied over 16 weeks. At each visit, the mean applanation tonometry values and tear break-up time were measured. The Ocular Surface Disease Index questionnaire was used to evaluate patient’s symptoms. Results: There was a statistically significant difference (p < 0.001) in the mean values of the intraocular pressure between the baseline and the last visit (Xalatan group: from 23.11 ± 1.61 mmHg to 15.81 ± 1.22 mmHg, Lataz group: from 23.26 ± 1.33 mmHg to 15.80 ± 1.47 mmHg, and Xalaprost group: from 23.08 ± 1.45 mmHg to 16.08 ± 1.38 mmHg). Both generic eye drops showed mean percentage intraocular pressure reduction comparable to the standards of prostaglandin analogues (Xalatan: 31.57%, Lataz: 32.06%, and Xalaprost: 30.34%). Xalatan reduced the tear break-up time less, followed by Lataz and then by Xalaprost (Xalatan: from 8.5 to 8 s, Lataz: from 8.2 to 7.4 s, and Xalaprost: from 8.7 to 7.7 s). Xalatan presented the best safety profile, followed by Lataz and least was Xalaprost, according to Ocular Surface Disease Index questionnaire’s results. Conclusion: No significant difference was recorded in the effectiveness of each generic prostaglandin compared to the original. Furthermore, no patient had to change medication. The differences that arose in the safety profile of the three eye drops suggest a prompt closer initial monitoring of patients who are administered generic eye drops.
Thyroid Nodule Management: Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone, Ultrasound, and Cytological Classification System for Predicting Malignancy
Authors: Al Dawish Mohamed Abdulaziz , Alwin Robert Asirvatham , Thabet Mohammed A , Braham Rim 
Published: March 2018

Background/objectives: Thyroid nodule (TN) is a common thyroid disorder globally, and the incidence has been increasing in recent decades. The objective of this study was to determine the contribution of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), ultrasound (US), and cytological classification system for predicting malignancy among the surgically excised nodules. Design and methods: A retrospective analysis was performed between January 2012 and December 2014, using data drawn from 1188 patients (15-90 years), who had 1433 TN and fine-needle aspiration in Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Saudi Arabia. After reviewing all the thyroid cytopathological slides and US reports, classification was done based on the Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytology and the Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (TI-RADS). Results: A total of 1188 patients’ medical records were reviewed for this study, among them 311 patients had undergone surgical intervention (253 patients had single nodule and 58 had 2 nodules), with a total of 369 nodules. However, as 54 nodules on the US were either unavailable or unclear, the 315 remaining nodules were analyzed, revealing 30.2% (n = 95) malignancy overall. Patients with TSH values of >4.5 mIU/L (38.2%), TN <1 cm (48.8%), TI-RADS category 5 (75.6%), and Bethesda category VI (88.9%) revealed a higher percentage of malignancy. From the univariate analysis using the χ2 test, significant relationship between the TSH, nodule size, TI-RADS, and the Bethesda category between the malignant and benign nodules emerged. The regression analysis showed that patients with a TSH value of 0.5 to 4.5 mIU/L (odds ratio [OR]: 2.96), TSH >4.5 mIU/L (OR: 6.54) had higher risk for malignancy than those with a TSH value of ≤0.4 mIU/L. Thyroid nodules with sizes of 1 to 1.9 cm (OR: 1.12), 2 to 2.9 cm (OR: 0.74), 3-3.9 cm (OR: 1.21), and ≥4 cm (OR: 0.52) were found to have no association with the risk of malignancy. Compared with TI-RADS 2 patients, those with categories 4B (OR: 1.35) and 5 (OR: 2.3) were found to be at higher risk of malignancy. Similarly, Bethesda IV (OR: 2.72), V (OR: 8.47), and VI (OR: 20; P < .02) category patients had a higher risk for malignancy than those in Bethesda class I. Among the study population, the papillary thyroid carcinoma was the most common type of thyroid cancer (86, 90.5%) followed by 7.4% (n = 7) of follicular thyroid carcinoma, 1.05% (n = 1) of anaplastic carcinoma, and 1.05% (n = 1) of medullary thyroid carcinoma. Conclusions: A predictive model for risk of malignancy using a combining characteristic of the TSH, US, and cytological classification systems could assist the clinicians in minimizing exposing the patients with TNs to nonessential invasive procedures.