bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Projeto GOPED: Educando futuros médicos e comunidade sobre Oncologia Pediátrica. Relato de experiência em um centro Universitário
Authors: Hoss Gabriela , Perusato Paula , Evangelista Jr Mario Correa , Michalowski Mariana Bohns 
Published: April 2019

Algumas doenças são muitas vezes estigmatizadas devido ao medo que causam ou ao pouco conhecimento que se tem. O câncer infantil é uma delas. Devido à faixa etária acometida, à ausência de um fator causal específico, e ao medo em relação ao seu prognóstico, costuma ser um tópico pouco discutido. Apesar disto, na nossa realidade, o câncer já representa a principal causa de morte por doença na infância, correspondendo a 8% entre crianças e adolescentes de 1 a 19 anos. Dessa forma, pode-se perceber a necessidade de reformular alguns conceitos relativos a este tipo de doença. Com base nessa perspectiva, iniciativas devem ser realizadas com o intuito de instruir tanto a comunidade acadêmica quanto a população geral sobre o câncer infantil. Essas medidas podem impactar e serem muito eficazes na redução de morbimortalidade, visto que promovem o diagnóstico precoce, ou seja, detecção do câncer no seu estágio inicial. O Grupo de Extensão em Oncologia Pediátrica, GoPed, do Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre foi criado com a finalidade de promover educação em saúde com conceitos corretos e atualizados desse tipo de doença junto a comunidade acadêmica e sociedade através de aulas expositivas, debates e esclarecimento de dúvidas acerca deste diagnóstico. O grupo é formado por alunos de medicina e professores vinculados ao setor de oncologia pediátrica do HCPA e realiza, através de reuniões entre os integrantes, um programa de aulas específicas para cada tipo de plateia, promovendo uma discussão mais aberta com comunidade leiga no assunto e, por outro lado, com maior aprofundamento para profissionais da saúde. De acordo com a experiência adquirida até o presente momento, pode-se perceber que tanto a população em geral quanto os profissionais de saúde têm pouco conhecimento relativo a oncologia infantil. A atividade do grupo permitiu a mudança de conceitos e instrução tanto de parte da sociedade quanto da da comunidade acadêmica. A partir deste projeto inicial, o grupo pretende ampliar a divulgação através da confecção de folderes informativos para que mais alunos, profissionais da saúde e população possam ter acesso ao tema a fim de qualificar a assistência em saúde.
Use of a new pneumatic system to support capillary microperfusion in surgical wound healing: an animal model
Authors: Mejzlik Jan , Skoloudik Lukas , Cerny Michal , Ryska Ales , Radochova Vera , Pellantova Vera , Chrobok Viktor 
Published: April 2019

Objective: To test the efficacy of the a developed medical device, based on the principle of mechanical support of capillary microperfusion. Method: In this pilot study involving experimental animals, each pig had two standardised surgical wounds. A cuff that delivered pneumatic three-second micropulses was applied to the wound designated as the ‘experimental wound’. The pressure inside the cuff was kept at a level <10mmHg so that during the pulse, the pressure would decrease by one third of the established value. The second wound, designated as the ‘control wound’, was covered with a standard dressing. Over the course of five days, the pressure inside the cuff was monitored. After the five days, the experimental animal was euthanised and two specimens were collected for histological analysis (one sample from each wound site). Wound healing parameters for the experimental and control wounds were examined by a pathologist. The level of statistical significance was set at 0.05. Results: In this study, 10 experimental animals were used. The average pressure in the cuffs was 8.46mmHg (standard deviation: 3.86). No disparities in wound healing were observed in cases of different average pressures in the experimental wound. With respect to wound healing parameters, a statistically significant difference (p<0.05) was found in favour of the experimental wound. The occurrence of histological signs of poor healing was identical in both study wounds. Conclusion: The study shows that a device for the support of capillary microperfusion of the surgical wound had a positive effect. It was confirmed that the mechanical support system of capillary microperfusion was safe and reliable.
Application of acellular human dermis and skin grafts for lower extremity reconstruction
Authors: Kim Youn Hwan , Hwang Kyu Tae , Kim Ki Ho , Sung Il Hoon , Kim Sang Wha 
Published: April 2019

Objective: To use both acellular human dermis and skin grafting simultaneously for improved skin grafting without contracture. The study also aims to address the lack of research on the application of an acellular human dermis in diverse clinical cases. Method: The study examined patients who had received acellular human dermis (CGDerm, CGBio, Seoul, Korea) and split-thickness skin grafting (STSG) simultaneously for lower limb, full-thickness skin defects between September 2012 and June 2014. The researchers performed chart reviews retrospectively and examined the patients based on the following factors: gender, age, injury mechanism, size, exposed structure, pre-coverage dressing method, coverage method, post-operational engraftment and total healing period, contracture development, elasticity, and infection development. Results: A sample of 27 patients with a total of 30 wounds took part in the study. Of these wounds, 29 showed successful engraftment without infection or contracture. In one case, continued seroma was observed and, following new coverage of both the acellular human dermis and STSG, engraftment was successful. Conclusion: Human dermis can play an important role in securing the availability of surrounding tissue and in contracture prevention, both of which are key to lower limb reconstruction. Of the types available, acellular human dermis showed lower infection rates than other human dermis types, and its engraftment rate was higher than in STSG-only cases. These findings suggest that acellular human dermis use in STSG is effective and safe in lower limb reconstruction.
Kedudukan dan Hak-Hak Anak Dalam Perspektif Al-Qur'an (Sebuah Kajian dengan Metode Tafsir Tematik)
Authors: Mustaqim Abdul 
Published: April 2019

The Qur'an is very appreciative toward children's issues. This can be seen from the number of Qur'anic verses addressing the affairs of children, especially their rights. In the real life, however, parents and governments have not paid adequate attention to the rights of children. This article aims to elaborate the rights of children as they are invoked in the Qur'an. By employing a mudlu'i method of interpreting the Qur'an, it can be concluded that the Qur'an has conceptualized children as folows: 1) they are God's gift whose presence should be gratified; 2) children are a trust (amanat) from God whose rights should be guaranteed; and 3) children are as a test (fitnah) for parents' patience. In order to implement the idea of children as precious gifts who generate happiness and proud (qurrata a'yun), the rights of children should be respected. Some of their basic rights are: 1) to live a good life; 2) to receive breast feeding for up to two years; 3) to adhere to religion; 4) to have education free of violence; 5) to express their opinions.
Perempuan, Agama dan Respon Poskolonial (Mengurai Ketegangan Diskursif) (Book Review)
Authors: Dzuhayatin Siti Ruhaini 
Published: April 2019

Judul Buku : Gendering the Spirit: Women, Religion and Post-Colonial RespondEditor : Durre S. AhmedPenerbit : The Heirich Boll FoundationTahun : 2000Tebal : xvi+ 277
Sharp Singular Trudinger–Moser Inequalities Under Different Norms
Authors: Lam Nguyen , Lu Guozhen , Zhang Lu 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
The main purpose of this paper is to prove several sharp singular Trudinger–Moser-type inequalities on domains in

ℝ
N

{\mathbb{R}^{N}}

with infinite volume on the Sobolev-type spaces

D

N
,
q

⁢

(

ℝ
N

)

{D^{N,q}(\mathbb{R}^{N})}

,

q
≥
1

{q\geq 1}

, the completion of

C
0
∞

⁢

(

ℝ
N

)

{C_{0}^{\infty}(\mathbb{R}^{N})}

under the norm

∥

∇
⁡
u

∥

N

+

∥
u
∥

q

{\|\nabla u\|_{N}+\|u\|_{q}}

. The case

q
=
N

{q=N}

(i.e.,

D

N
,
q

⁢

(

ℝ
N

)

=

W

1
,
N

⁢

(

ℝ
N

)

{D^{N,q}(\mathbb{R}^{N})=W^{1,N}(\mathbb{R}^{N})}

) has been well studied to date. Our goal is to investigate which type of Trudinger–Moser inequality holds under different norms when q changes. We will study these inequalities under two types of constraint: semi-norm type

∥

∇
⁡
u

∥

N

≤
1

{\|\nabla u\|_{N}\leq 1}

and full-norm type

∥

∇
⁡
u

∥

N
a

+

∥
u
∥

q
b

≤
1

{\|\nabla u\|_{N}^{a}+\|u\|_{q}^{b}\leq 1}

,

a
>
0

{a>0}

,

b
>
0

{b>0}

. We will show that the Trudinger–Moser-type inequalities hold if and only if

b
≤
N

{b\leq N}

. Moreover, the relationship between these inequalities under these two types of constraints will also be investigated. Furthermore, we will also provide versions of exponential type inequalities with exact growth when

b
>
N

{b>N}

.
Aristotle on Secondary Substance
Authors: Mahlan John Robert 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
At the beginning of Categories 5, Aristotle distinguishes between two kinds of substance: primary substance and secondary substance. Primary substances include particular living organisms, inanimate objects, and their parts. Secondary substances are the species and genera of these. This distinction is unique to the Categories, which raises the question of why Aristotle treats species and genera as substances. I argue that Aristotle has two distinct reasons for doing so, and contrast my interpretation with recent alternatives. On my view, species and genera enjoy two kinds of fundamentality – ontological and epistemological – in virtue of which they warrant their status as substances.
Filling gaps or code choice? Code-switching across generations in colloquial Singapore Mandarin
Authors: Lee Cher Leng 
Published: April 2019

AbstractSingapore is a multiracial, multicultural island nation; three quarters of its population is ethnic Chinese. This paper examines the phenomenon of code-switching between the younger generation and their parents, and grandparents, focusing on the English, Chinese dialect and Malay elements present in this variety of spoken Mandarin. The data is taken from university students who have recorded their conversations with their parents, grandparents, siblings and friends. Many of the older generation in their 70s still speak southern Chinese dialects such as Hokkien, Teochew, Cantonese, Hakka, and Hainanese as well as Bazaar Malay (which was alingua francawith Hokkien). Their spoken Mandarin consists of code-switching with these dialects. The middle generation in their 50s is the generation that is able to communicate both with the older generation and younger generation in the various languages. Their spoken Mandarin consists of English, dialects, and even some Malay. The younger generation in their 20s can hardly understand or speak these dialects as a result of the Speak Mandarin Campaign which was launched in 1979 to replace all dialects with Mandarin. As such, the younger generation’s spoken Mandarin consists mainly of English code-switched elements. This paper argues that code-switching takes place mainly due to convenience to fill in the gaps when younger speakers do not know the Mandarin equivalent of the words in certain domains, given the changes in language policies in the nation. In this case, it is not necessarily a choice of code but rather filling the gaps with the language that they know out of necessity.
Cannabis and amphetamine use and socio-ecological (proximal and distal) factors among school-going adolescents in four countries in the Caribbean and four countries in South America
Authors: Peltzer Karl , Pengpid Supa 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
The study aimed to assess the prevalence of cannabis and amphetamine use and socio-ecological (proximal and distal) factors among adolescents in eight countries of the Americas. We analysed cross-sectional survey data from 44,904 adolescents [mean age 14.6 years, standard deviation (SD) = 1.4] from Argentina, The Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Bolivia, Chile, Peru and Trinidad and Tobago that participated in the Global School-Based Student Health Survey (GSHS) in 2011–2013. The prevalence of the past month’s cannabis use was 8.3% and lifetime amphetamine use was 3.0%. In adjusted mixed-effects logistic regression analysis older age, male gender, personal attributes (anxiety, suicidal ideation, current tobacco use, current alcohol use, school truancy and sexual risk behaviour) and environmental stressors (having been in a physical fight, hunger, being bullied) were positively and parental support and peer support were negatively associated with the past month’s cannabis and/or lifetime amphetamine use. Measures to prevent and control cannabis and amphetamine use in this adolescent population should include personal attributes (mental health, substance use, school truancy and sexual risk behaviour), environmental stressors and parental and peer support.
Effect of endoscope on the peristaltic transport of a couple stress fluid with heat transfer: Application to biomedicine
Authors: Ramesh K. , Devakar M. 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
In this investigation, we have studied the problem of peristaltic flow with heat transfer through the gap between coaxial inclined tubes where the inner tube is rigid and the outer tube has sinusoidal wave travelling down its wall. The problem has been formulated in cylindrical coordinate system. The equations governing the flow have been simplified under the long wavelength and low Reynolds number assumptions. The exact solution is obtained for the temperature profile. The perturbation solutions for the velocity and pressure gradient are obtained for small couple stress parameter. Pressure difference per wavelength and frictional forces on the tube walls have been computed numerically. Results are demonstrated for various flow parameters. The better pumping results occur in vertical tube, while less pumping is seen in horizontal tube. The size of trapped bolus is small in triangular wave as compared to other waves. The present study has a wide range of applications in bio-medical engineering like the transport phenomenon in peristaltic micro pumps.
Abstimmungen im Bundestag und in der Weimarer Republik: Gewissen oder Strategie?
Authors: Moldovanu Benny 
Published: April 2019

Zusammenfassung
In seiner Thünen-Vorlesung vor dem Verein für Socialpolitik im Herbst 2018 hat Benny Moldovanu das Abstimmungsverfahren im Bundestag und in der Weimarer Republik untersucht. Die Analysemethode basiert sowohl auf einer historisch-politischen Evaluation jedes einzelnen Falls als auch auf einer sehr präzisen spieltheoretischen Untersuchung unter Berücksichtigung der neuesten Fortschritte auf den Feldern von Mechanism Design, Social Choice und Informationsökonomie. Eine vergleichsweise einfache Theorie kann schon eine Menge bringen, um die Verwendung bestimmter gesetzgeberischer Verfahren zu erklären und deren Ergebnisse zu beschreiben und vorauszusagen.
Der Ausstieg aus der Kohle: alternativlos oder verantwortungslos?
Authors: Weimann Joachim 
Published: April 2019

Zusammenfassung
Der von der Kohlekommission beschlossene Ausstieg aus der Kohleverstromung in Deutschland wirft eine Reihe von Fragen auf. Wie kann die Versorgungssicherheit gewährleistet werden? Welchen Effekt wird der Ausstieg auf die Strompreise haben? Und wie werden sich die parallel dazu beschlossenen Maßnahmen zur Stärkung betroffener Kohlereviere auswirken? Nach Joachim Weimann gilt es indes vor allem, die klimapolitische Eignung des Instrumentes Kohleausstieg zu bewerten. Diese Bewertung muss nach seiner Analyse eher skeptisch ausfallen. Zudem gibt es einen besseren Weg: den Emissionshandel. Dieses Instrument interagiert erstens eng mit dem Kohleausstieg und wäre zweitens geeignet, eine netto höhere Kohlendioxid-Einsparung zu den halben Kosten zu realisieren.
Sharing of Cost Related Information Can Increase Consumer Welfare Under Risk-aversion
Authors: Mungan Murat C. 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Existing literature suggests that the sharing of firm-specific information related to costs of production among Cournot competitors unambiguously reduces consumer welfare. This article shows that this result does not hold when at least one firm is risk-averse. Perhaps more importantly, if consumers are sufficiently risk-averse allowing information sharing leads to a Pareto improvement.
Changing shape according to strength: Evidence from root allomorphy in Greek
Authors: Revithiadou Anthi , Markopoulos Giorgos , Spyropoulos Vassilios 
Published: April 2019

AbstractIn this article we examine patterns of root allomorphy in Greek that involve vowel alternations and propose aGeneralized Non-linear Affixation(Bermúdez-Otero 2012) analysis according to which these alternations result from the competition between segments that belong, on the one hand, to the vocabulary items of roots and, on the other, to the exponents of functional heads (Voice/Aspect,n). More specifically, we claim that phonological entities have agradientdegree of presence in a structure, that is, are specified with a certain activation strength value underlyingly (Smolensky and Goldrick 2016). As a result, the surface realization of roots is determined by the relevant activation level of the exponents of functional heads they are eventually combined with. From all available exponents, the one that optimally complements the strength value of the vocabulary item of a given root will eventually surface. Our analysis is shown to be theoretically advantageous because it develops a strictly phonological account of allomorphy and, moreover, it captures the attested generalizations without resorting to extensive stem/span listing or to the application of phonologically unrestricted readjustment rules.
Zur Problematik der Ableitung in sozialwissenschaftlichen Aussagensystemen
Authors: Hummell Hans J. 
Published: April 2019

Zusammenfassung
Untersucht werden einige in den theoretisch-empirischen Sozialwissenschaften typische Formen von Argumenten im Hinblick auf die (meist implizit gelassenen) Deduktionsregeln. Dabei werden vier Arten von Aussagen - (a) Deterministische Wenn-Dann-Aussagen; (b) Deterministische Je-Desto-Aussagen; (c) Probabilistische Wenn-Dann-Aussagen; (d) Probabilistische Je-Desto-Aussagen - sowie zwei Klassen von Deduktionsregeln (basierend auf den Eigenschaften der Transitivität und Konjunktivität) behandelt. Problematisch sind nur Aussagen der Art (b), (c) und (d). Es wird die These vertreten, daß die meisten der in den Sozialwissenschaften vorgelegten „Argumente“, welche mit solchen Aussagen relativ komplizierter Struktur arbeiten, zur Ableitung jedoch nur für deterministische Wenn-Dann-Aussagen gültige Regeln verwenden, nicht korrekt sind. Zur Lösung wird generell vorgeschlagen, an Stelle einer durch ein technisches Vokabular ergänzten Wortsprache, der ausschließlich die elementare Logik zugrundeliegt, Sprachen mit reicherer logischer Struktur zu verwenden, d.h. zu formalisieren.
In Teil 1 werden zwei Eigenschaften deterministischer Je-Desto-Aussagen aufgezeigt: 1. Im Falle komplexer Wirkungsstrukturen mit Pfaden mit unterschiedlichen Vorzeichen führen „Deduktionen“ in der Wortsprache entweder zu Inkonsistenzen oder keinen nichttrivialen Konklusionen. 2. Bei Aussagen über soziale Kollektive, die durch „Aggregation“ aus Aussagen über Individuen gewonnen werden sollen, folgt bei Verwendung der Je-Desto-Form ebenfalls nichts Für Kollektive. - In Teil 2 sollen probabilistische Aussagen diskutiert werden.
Caracterización de los negocios barriales en los barrios del borde oriental de la comuna 10 de Medellín
Authors: Londoño Toro Carlos Mario 
Published: April 2019

Esta investigación se diseñó con el objetivo de describir las características socioeconómicas de los negocios barriales del sector de la ciudad de Medellín, en el estudio se definieron 5 barrios: Los Ángeles, Boston, Bomboná N.° 1, Las Palmas y San Diego; a partir de la aplicación de un instrumento de encuesta. Las dimensiones de análisis involucradas en el estudio fueron: características generales de los negocios, la cual agrupa las tipologías de negocios, estrato socioeconómico y condiciones locativas; en segundo lugar, se analizaron procesos comerciales relacionados con el tamaño de la oferta comercial y relacionamiento con los clientes; la tercera parte estudió los procesos financieros relacionados con la generación de ingresos y tenencia de productos financieros; la cuarta parte caracterizó el talento humano en cuanto a número y composición familiar, así como las condiciones sociodemográficas de los microempresarios; la última dimensión se enfocó en el estudio de los procesos de formalidad o informalidad del negocio a partir de la tenencia de cámara de comercio, acceso a seguridad social y manejo de procesos contables. A partir de los resultados de 1582 encuestas aplicadas, se concluyó que los negocios barriales más representativos son aquellos que proveen bienes y servicios básicos para los hogares, son negocios que tienen debilidades estructurales relacionadas con escasa oferta comercial, baja capacidad de generar ingresos, tamaño reducido y operación bajo grados de informalidad relativamente altos.
Kaip meniniai tyrimai gali padėti atsakyti į auditorijų įsitraukimo klausimus?
Authors: Balevičiūtė Ramunė , Sokolovaitė Milda 
Published: April 2019

[full article and abstract in Lithuanian; abstract in English]
There is an increasing interest in audience engagement and the possibilities of its research in contemporary performance practice. One of the possibilities that can be used in conducting such a study is a practice-led type of research, commonly known as artistic research. The distinguishing quality of this type of research, which has been finding its place in academia throughout the last few decades, is that it uses artistic practice to generate new knowl­edge. This article analyzes the possibilities of such research from the point of view of the aesthetics of performativity, which focuses on works that explore audience engagement rather than representation. While analyzing examples of performance and theater art works, it tackles the issue of how artistic research can assist in answering audience engagement questions.
Generalized Fréchet Bounds for Cell Entries in Multidimensional Contingency Tables
Authors: Uhler Caroline , Richards Donald 
Published: April 2019

We consider the lattice, $\mathcal{L}$, of all subsets of a multidimensional contingency table and establish the properties of monotonicity and supermodularity for the marginalization function, $n(\cdot)$, on $\mathcal{L}$. We derive from the supermodularity of $n(\cdot)$ some generalized Fr\'echet inequalities complementing and extending inequalities of Dobra and Fienberg. Further, we construct new monotonic and supermodular functions from $n(\cdot)$, and we remark on the connection between supermodularity and some correlation inequalities for probability distributions on lattices. We also apply an inequality of Ky Fan to derive a new approach to Fr\'echet inequalities for multidimensional contingency tables.