bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Technical note: An anomaly in pH data in South Africa’s national water quality monitoring database – implications for future use
Authors: Ramjukadh Carla-Louise , Silberbauer Michael , Taljaard Susan 
Published: November 2018

The South African national water quality database (Water Management System) houses data records from several environmental monitoring programmes, including the National Chemical Monitoring Programme (NCMP). The NCMP comprises an extensive surface water quality monitoring programme, managed by the Department of Water and Sanitation (DWS). The purpose of this technical note is to alert users to a systematic anomaly recently observed in the pH dataset of the NCMP, reflected in an abrupt increase between pre- and post-1990 data records. Although the cause of the anomaly in pH could not be confirmed with high confidence, an inappropriate acid rinse procedure in pre-1990 analytical methods was identified as the most likely cause, based on available evidence. This was supported by the variation in relative sensitivity when comparing the effect on waters with different buffering capacities, i.e., water with low buffering capacity (represented by total alkalinity < 10 mg/L, as CaCO3) showing the largest anomaly, compared with waters of higher buffering capacity (represented by total alkalinity > 30 mg/L, as CaCO3) showing the smallest anomaly. Historical pH data records in the NCMP (i.e. pre-1990), therefore should be used with caution, especially in more weakly buffered systems. The possibility of reconstructing data using a correction factor derived from detailed statistical analyses of the post-1990 pH characteristics at selected sites is a possible solution that could be investigated in future. A key lesson learnt is the need to be diligent in capturing detailed meta-data on sampling procedures and analytical methods in datasets spanning several generations. Availability of such information is critical in order to provide users with a means of evaluating the suitability and comparability of data records in long-term datasets. The DWS includes such meta-data in the current version of the database, dating from about 1995 onwards.
A scenario-based multiple attribute decision-making approach for site selection of a wastewater treatment plant: Bahir Dar City (Ethiopia) case study
Authors: Wondim Tilik Tena , Dzwairo Bloodless 
Published: November 2018

The challenge of selecting an appropriate wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) site is addressed in this study, using the case study of Bahir Dar City, Ethiopia. An innovative approach is proposed for selecting the WWTP site. Fifteen practically feasible alternatives were identified based on the geographical information system (GIS) based hydraulic design and considering the overall economy of the system. The three dimensions of sustainability were considered while evaluatingalternatives through incorporating economic, social, energy and environmental criteria in decision-making. The multiple attribute decision making (MADM) method was applied to prioritize the alternatives. Four scenarios representing the different perspectives of choices were used for weight elicitation. The results of the study show that the developed decisionmaking approach identified practically feasible alternatives. The framework and decision-making methodology developed in this study helped to facilitate the decision making by local government in a holistic view that incorporates environmental management in the city of Bahir Dar.
Wikis y el Nuevo estudiante de lenguas extranjeras
Authors: Gimeno Sanz Ana , García Laborda Jesús 
Published: November 2018

<p>Los entornos digitales cada vez son más comunes en la enseñanza de lenguas extranjeras, además de jugar un papel muy importante como organizadores de tareas, proveedores de <em>input</em> y como gestores de recursos para la enseñanza de idiomas. Permiten, asimismo, a los profesores organizar la interacción de los estudiantes y, al mismo tiempo, proporcionar un magnífico entorno para presentar distintos géneros informativos. Las wikis son hoy en día una de las redes sociales que cada vez se utilizan más para dar apoyo al aprendizaje cooperativo y para fomentar el aprendizaje autónomo. Están estrechamente relacionadas con las metodologías docentes que se basan en el desarrollo de un proyecto o en la resolución de problemas, prácticas docentes éstas en las que tanto alumnos como profesores contribuyen a la construcción del conocimiento y comparten experiencias. Las wikis también han contribuido a crear las llamadas “comunidades de práctica”, a las que pueden acudir los estudiantes en contextos de autoaprendizaje o en aquellas situaciones donde se carece del apoyo de un tutor o profesor para encontrar apoyo y consejo. Añadido a esto, la proliferación de herramientas que fomentan la comunicación mediatizada por ordenador han multiplicado los métodos docentes que se aplican en el aula y fuera de ella y han tenido una influencia muy significativa en el surgimiento de un nuevo perfil de estudiante; es decir, aquél que está plenamente acostumbrado a utilizar estas herramientas para relacionarse socialmente con otras personas aunque no sea con fines educativos. Por último, mediante el uso de las wikis se ha desarrollado el concepto de “enseñanza entre pares” y “tutorización entre pares”, especialmente en contextos de creación de textos escritos mediante la cooperación colectiva. Este hecho ha contribuido, asimismo, a que el estudiante tenga mayor conciencia de los procesos implícitos en la construcción y edición textual. Este capítulo abarcará las wikis en términos generales y las enmarcará con respecto a las teorías sobre el aprendizaje y a las prácticas docentes. </p>
Graduação em Turismo no Brasil: evolução, articulações didáticas e desafios para turismólogos docentes
Authors: Perinotto André Riani Costa 
Published: November 2018

O artigo tem por finalidade enfocar num panorama que compreende a ocorrência de acontecimentos históricos, políticos, sociais, econômicos e educacionais que causaram a implantação dos primeiros cursos superiores em Turismo no Brasil. Para realizar esta pesquisa, foram necessários dados obtidos mediante pesquisa bibliográfica em periódicos nacionais e livros, além de dados estatísticos disponíveis no sítio do Instituto Nacional de Estudos e Pesquisas Educacionais Anísio Teixeira (INEP), através do portal e-MEC, no qual encontramse informações de cada estado, com todas as instituições de ensino superior públicas federais, estaduais, municipais e privadas que implantaram cursos de graduação em Turismo no país, desde a década de 1970 até o ano de 2014. A partir da análise das informações apresentadas pelo INEP, buscou-se refletir sobre a implantação, evolução e aumento dos cursos de Turismo implantados no país, bem como sobre as principais habilidades didáticas necessárias, de acordo com alguns autores que articulam o ensino e a prática do turismo, e os possíveis desafios do profissional turismólogo docente como formador de profissionais. Nas considerações finais, apresenta-se uma análise geral dos benefícios educacionais e profissionais, a partir da implantação do curso superior em Turismo, a fim de propor possíveis adequações relacionadas
ao ensino sobre a formação superior dessa área.
Avaliação de uma intervenção preventiva de bullying a adolescentes
Authors: Stelko-Pereira Ana Carina , Amâncio Gabriela Pires 
Published: November 2018

No Brasil, grande parte dos trabalhos científicos envolvendo violências na escola e bullying são para teorizar como são categorizados e definidos esses conceitos, há poucos estudos interventivos com intuito de diminuir tais casos. O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a efetividade de uma intervenção preventiva de violência na escola a adolescentes, em relação à redução da frequência de respostas agressivas, além de ensinar habilidades sociais cujo objetivo é aumentar relacionamentos sociais positivos. A intervenção consistiu em 10 encontros semanais com uma turma de alunos, em média 30, de 5º ano de uma escola pública de Fortaleza – CE, cada encontro semanal teve, em média, 60 minutos e foi aplicado em horário de aula, na presença da professora. Em outro dia da semana, foram realizadas atividades recreativas na
hora do intervalo para os alunos que conseguiam reunir ao longo da semana cinco cupons de “vale-recreio” entregues pela professora quando o aluno emitia um comportamento adequado em sala de aula, como levantar a mão antes de falar, pedir permissão para levantar, ajudar o colega no conteúdo. Adicionalmente, foi ensinado o conceito de bullying aos alunos, como o fenômeno pode ser identificado, como enfrentar tais situações de forma pacífica, além de ensinar habilidades sociais que são imprescindíveis para o convívio entre pares, por meio de atividades lúdicas (vídeos, vivências, brincadeiras). Foram aplicados instrumentos pré e pós-intervenção e foram comparados índices de violência e autocontrole, no qual não se notaram mudanças significativas, porém houve aceitação social da intervenção e foi avaliada como adequada pelos públicos direto, alunos, e indireto, professora e coordenação da escola. Para que haja mudanças significativas nas escolas em relação à violência, é preciso que intervenções preventivas sejam promovidas, nos quais reúnam e envolvam alunos, pais, educadores, comunidade e o poder público.
The influence of HCl on the evaporation rates of H2O over water ice in the range 188 to 210 K at small average concentrations
Authors: Delval Christophe , Rossi Michel J. 
Published: November 2018

Abstract. The evaporation flux Jev(H2O) of H2O
from HCl-doped typically 1.5 µm or so thick vapor-deposited
ice films has been measured in a combined quartz crystal
microbalance (QCMB)–residual gas mass spectrometry (MS) experiment.
Jev(H2O) has been found to show complex behavior and to
be a function of the average mole fraction χHCl of HCl in
the ice film ranging from 6×1014 to
3×1017 molecule cm−2 s−1 at 174–210 K for initial
values χHCl0 ranging from 5×10-5 to
3×10-3 at the start of the evaporation. The dose of HCl on
ice was in the range of 1 to 40 formal monolayers and the H2O vapor
pressure was independent of χHCl within the measured range and
equal to that of pure ice down to 80 nm thickness. The dependence of
Jev(H2O) with increasing average χHCl was
correlated with (a) the evaporation range rb∕e
parameter, that is, the ratio of Jev(H2O) just before HCl
doping of the pure ice film and Jev(H2O) after observable
HCl desorption towards the end of film evaporation, and (b) the
remaining thickness dD below which Jev(H2O)
decreases to less than 85 % of pure ice. The dependence of
Jev(H2O) with increasing average χHCl from
HCl-doped ice films suggests two limiting data sets, one associated
with the occurrence of a two-phase pure ice/crystalline HCl hydrate binary
phase (set A) and the other with a single-phase amorphous HCl∕H2O
binary mixture (set B). The measured values of Jev(H2O)
may lead to significant evaporative lifetime extensions of
HCl-contaminated ice cloud particles under atmospheric conditions,
regardless of whether the structure corresponds to an amorphous or
crystalline state of the HCl∕H2O aggregate.
Carbon and nitrogen turnover in the Arctic deep sea: in situ benthic community response to diatom and coccolithophorid phytodetritus
Authors: Braeckman Ulrike , Janssen Felix , Lavik Gaute , Elvert Marcus , Marchant Hannah , Buckner Caroline , Bienhold Christina , Wenzhöfer Frank 
Published: November 2018

Abstract. In the Arctic Ocean, increased sea surface temperature and sea ice retreat
have triggered shifts in phytoplankton communities. In Fram Strait,
coccolithophorids have been occasionally observed to replace diatoms as the
dominating taxon of spring blooms. Deep-sea benthic communities depend
strongly on such blooms, but with a change in quality and quantity of
primarily produced organic matter (OM) input, this may likely have
implications for deep-sea life. We compared the in situ responses of Arctic
deep-sea benthos to input of phytodetritus from a diatom
(Thalassiosira sp.) and a coccolithophorid (Emiliania huxleyi) species. We traced the fate of 13C- and
15N-labelled phytodetritus into respiration, assimilation by
bacteria and infauna in a 4-day and 14-day experiment. Bacteria were key
assimilators in the Thalassiosira OM degradation, whereas
Foraminifera and other infauna were at least as important as bacteria in the
Emiliania OM assimilation. After 14 days, 5 times less carbon and
3.8 times less nitrogen of the Emiliania detritus was recycled
compared to Thalassiosira detritus. This implies that the
utilization of Emiliania OM may be less efficient than for
Thalassiosira OM. Our results indicate that a shift from
diatom-dominated input to a coccolithophorid-dominated pulse could entail a
delay in OM cycling, which may affect benthopelagic coupling.
Every Contact Leaves a Trace: Wharton's Critique of the Forensic Imagination in The House of Mirth
Authors: Marchand Mary Vital 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
This article examines how the forensic “scene” was invented by a new science, which revealed that objects contain records of past activities and developed an array of technologies and protocols for harvesting these records. It also explores how Edith Wharton's 1905 novel The House of Mirth took up this forensic imagination, which is, above all else, attuned to the communicative capacity of objects. This capacity is enacted in the final chapter of the novel, where Selden's attitude toward Lily's body and his systematic survey and interrogation of the objects in her room suggest that the literary influence of forensic science was felt far beyond the genre of detective fiction. Wharton represents objects as providing more voluble, candid, and persuasive testimony than humans, even as she underscores the disturbing lessons about the elusiveness of evidence and forensic detachment that emerged from the most famous trial in the history of France. In revisiting this history, we see into the origins of our own object-oriented juridical culture, which has replaced people with physical evidence as the most reliable witnesses to an event.
Parcel Delivery by Collaborative Use of Truck Fleets and Bus‐Transit Vehicles
Authors: He Yunzhu , Yang Zhongzhen 
Published: November 2018

AbstractCity express delivery demand is characterized by large quantities, small parcel sizes, dense batch frequency, and timeliness. To meet demand and control costs and CO2 emissions from parcel delivery, a collaborative delivery mode using bus vehicles and a truck fleet is proposed. A model is built to optimize delivery schemes based on a bus–road mixed network and thus minimize the fixed cost, the delivery cost, the compensation cost for the emitted CO2, and the unpunctuality penalty cost. An ant‐colony algorithm is designed to solve the model. Delivery schemes for the 97 demand sites in a Chinese city are calculated under collaborative mode and truck‐only mode. The advantages of a collaborative mode are verified by comparing the two types of delivery schemes.
Supply Chain Portfolio Characteristics: Do They Relate to Post‐IPO Financial Performance?
Authors: Schwieterman Matthew A. , Goldsby Thomas J. , Rungtusanatham M. Johnny , Knemeyer A. Michael 
Published: November 2018

AbstractIn the years following an initial public offering (IPO), firms have to manage portfolios of customers and suppliers in order to achieve growth goals during this particularly uncertain time in a firm's lifecycle. The current research sheds light on three key questions: (1) Do firms benefit from conducting a large portion of business with a large customer or supplier? (2) Is it beneficial if the focal firm represents a large portion of business for customers and suppliers? And, (3) is balanced portfolio dependence helpful to a focal firm? The extant literature, drawing insights from the logics of power and embeddedness, is divided on these questions. We utilize a secondary data set of focal firms (post‐IPO) and their portfolios of relationships with customers and suppliers to explain where each theoretical perspective applies to the management of supply chain portfolios.
A new method for online identification of civil structures: Virtual synchronization
Authors: Ghaderi Pedram , Amini Fereidoun 
Published: November 2018

SummaryThis paper presents a new approach, named Virtual Synchronization Method (VSM), for online identification of stiffness and viscous damping in a civil structure while it is subjected to a harmonic ground motion acceleration. It is assumed that displacement and velocity of the structure relative to the ground are measured in real time. They are used to define a virtual system similar to the actual structure. Proper controllers and estimation functions are designed to force the states of this virtual system to follow those of the actual structure. Theoretical results are derived to study on what conditions, after the two systems synchronized, the estimation functions converge to the true stiffness and damping of the actual structure. Provided numerical examples show that VSM is a promising method for online identification of civil structures and should be the subject of further studies.
Spezifische Ionen‐Effekte am Beispiel eines Oligopeptids: die Rolle zweizähniger Koordination beim Guanidinium‐Kation
Authors: Balos Vasileios , Marekha Bogdan , Malm Christian , Wagner Manfred , Nagata Yuki , Bonn Mischa , Hunger Johannes 
Published: November 2018

AbstractIon‐Protein‐Wechselwirkungen sind wegen der zahlreichen möglichen Proteinbindungsstellen schwierig zu verstehen. Um spezifische Ionen‐Effekte auf Proteinbindungsstellen zu erfassen, untersuchen wir den Einfluss von Salzen auf des zwitterionische Peptid Triglycin. Dielektrische Spektren zeigen, dass Salze die Rotationsdynamik des Peptids beeinflussen, wobei der Effekt von stark denaturierenden Kationen (Li+, Guanidinium (Gdm+)) und Anionen (I−, SCN−) ausgeprägter ist als der von schwach denaturierenden Ionen (K+, Cl−). Die Effekte von Gdm+ und Li+ sind ähnlich. Moleküldynamiksimulationen bestätigen, dass sich Gdm+ und Li+ verstärkt an Triglycin anlagern, jedoch mit unterschiedlicher Bindungsgeometrie: Während Li+ hauptsächlich an der Carboxylatgruppe bindet, ist eine zweizähnige Bindung zu einem O‐Atom der Carboxylatgruppe und zum O‐Atom der benachbarten Amidgruppe von besonderer Bedeutung für Gdm+. Diese Bindung beeinflusst die Konformation des Peptids verstärkt und könnte daher die hohe Denaturierungsaktivität von Gdm+‐Salzen erklären.
Kinetic Traps to Activate Stereomutation in Supramolecular Polymers
Authors: Valera Jorge S. , Gómez Rafael , Sánchez Luis 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe helical stereomutation in the kinetically controlled coassembly of the reported carbonyl‐bridged triarylamines (CBTs) is described. The copolymerization of chiral CBTs (S)‐1 or (R)‐1 with achiral 2 in sergeants‐and‐soldiers (SaS) experiments results in a tunable helicity conditioned by the percentage of the chiral sergeant and by the cooling rate. The dissimilar inherent chirality of the extended monomeric (M) and intramolecularly H‐bonded metastable (M*) species, as well as the different stability of the kinetic trap of the chiral CBTs (S)‐1/(R)‐1 and the achiral CBT 2, condition the chirality transfer and afford J‐aggregates of inverse handedness.
Transition metal complexes of nano bidentate organometallic Schiff base: Preparation, structure characterization, biological activity, DFT and molecular docking studies
Authors: Mahmoud Walaa H. , Deghadi Reem G. , El Desssouky Maher M.I. , Mohamed Gehad G. 
Published: November 2018

An organometallic NO‐bidentate Schiff base, (2‐(1‐((1‐carboxyethyl)imino)ethyl) cyclopenta‐2,4‐dien‐1‐yl)(cyclopenta‐2,4‐dien‐1‐yl) iron (HL) was synthesized by condensation of 2‐acetylferrocene with amino acid alanine. Then its octahedral Cr (III), Mn (II), Fe (III), Co (II), Ni (II), Cu (II), Zn (II) and Cd (II) complexes were synthesized. All compounds were characterized on the basis of elemental analysis (C, H, N and M), molar conductivity, FT‐IR, UV–Vis, 1H‐NMR, SEM, mass analysis and thermal studies. Furthermore, computational studies of HL ligand have been carried out by DFT/B3LYP method. HOMO and LUMO energy values, chemical hardness‐softness, electronegativity, electrophilic index and other parameters were calculated. SEM micrographs of HL ligand and its [Cd (HL)(H2O)2Cl2].2H2O complex, showed that they were prepared in nano‐structure forms with particle size 54 and 41 nm, respectively. Antifungal and antibacterial activities of HL ligand and its metal complexes have been screened in vitro against different species such as Aspergillus fumigatus, Candida albicans, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium. The synthesized compounds were evaluated for their anticancer activities against breast cancer cell line (MCF‐7) and normal melanocytes cell line (HFB‐4). It was found that [Co (HL)(H2O)2Cl2].3H2O complex had the lowest IC50 value (10.9 μg/ml) and hence was the most active one. Finally, the optimized structures of the Schiff base and its Co (II) complex have been used to accomplish molecular docking studies with receptors of 3HB5, 3MIW, 5IBV and 4WM8 to determine the most preferred mode of interaction.
Ru (III) Schiff‐base complex anchored on nanosilica as an efficient and retrievable catalyst for hydration of nitriles
Authors: Sultana Samim , Borah Geetika , Gogoi Pradip K. 
Published: November 2018

Transition metal catalyzed hydration of nitriles is an attractive methodology for amide synthesis, and hence recently attracted wide attention. It is one of the significant organic transformations as amides play a vital role in biological, pharmaceutical and industrial applications. In this work, we report the synthesis of a new solid supported Ru (III) Schiff base complex, Ru@imine‐nanoSiO2immobilized on nanosilica obtained from rice husk. The complex was characterized by FTIR, powder X‐ray diffraction, BET surface area measurement, UV–vis, SEM–EDX, TEM, ESR, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and ICP‐AES analysis. Using Ru@imine‐nanoSiO2as the catalyst, the hydration of nitriles ini‐PrOH at 40 °C was studied which resulted in good isolated yields (60–99%). The catalyst can be recycled and reused up to 5thcycle without any loss in activity. The products were characterized by FTIR, GC–MS and1H‐NMR spectroscopy and compared with authentic samples.
Biomimetic Synthesis of Ag2Se Quantum Dots with Enhanced Photothermal Properties and as “Gatekeepers” to Cap Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles for Chemo–Photothermal Therapy
Authors: Li Xianglong , Liu Zexiu , Luo Kai , Yin Xiuhui , Lin Xucong , Zhu Chunling 
Published: November 2018

AbstractAg2Se quantum dots (QDs) with near‐infrared (NIR) fluorescence have been widely utilized in NIR fluorescence imaging in vivo because of their narrow bulk band gap and excellent biocompatibility. However, most of synthesis methods for Ag2Se QDs are expensive and the reactants are toxic. Herein, a new protein‐templated biomimetic synthesis approach is proposed for the preparation of Ag2Se QDs by employing bovine serum albumin (BSA) as a template and dispersant. The BSA‐templated Ag2Se QDs (Ag2Se@BSA QDs) showed NIR fluorescence with high fluorescence quantum yield (≈21.2 %), excellent biocompatibility and good dispersibility in different media. Moreover, the obtained Ag2Se@BSA QDs exhibited remarkable photothermal conversion (≈27.8 %), which could be used in photothermal therapy. As a model application in biomedicine, the Ag2Se@BSA QDs were used as “gatekeepers” to cap mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) by means of electrostatic interaction. By taking the advantages of NIR fluorescence and photothermal property of Ag2Se@BSA QDs, the obtained MSN‐DOX‐Ag2Se nanoparticles (MDA NPs) were employed as a nanoplatform for combined chemo‐photothermal therapy. Compared with free DOX and MDA NPs without NIR laser, the laser‐treated MDA NPs exhibited lower cell viability in vitro, implying that Ag2Se@BSA QDs are highly promising photothermal agents and the MDA NPs are potential carriers for chemo–photothermal therapy.