bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electrical remodelling and response following cardiac resynchronization therapy: A novel analysis of intracardiac electrogram using a quadripolar lead
Authors: Toner Liam , Flannery Darragh , Sugumar Hariharan , Ord Michelle , Lin Tina , O'Donnell David 
Published: April 2018

AbstractBackgroundCardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) improves morbidity and mortality in patients with heart failure. Although structural remodelling correlates with improved long‐term outcomes, the role of electrical remodelling is poorly understood. This study aimed to evaluate electrical remodelling following CRT using a quadripolar left ventricular (LV) lead and to correlate this with structural remodelling.MethodsConsecutive patients undergoing initial CRT implantation using a quadripolar LV lead were enrolled. Patients were followed up for 12 months. Twelve lead ECG, transthoracic echocardiogram, and evaluation of intracardiac electrograms (EGM) were performed. Measures included right and left ventricular lead intrinsic delay, RV‐pacing to LV‐sensing (RVp‐LVs) delay, and LV‐pacing to RV‐sensing (LVp‐RVs) delay. The electrical changes were then correlated with echocardiographic response to CRT, defined by ≥15% relative reduction in LVESV and ≥ 5% absolute improvement in EF on TTE. Activation sequence was determined using the quadripolar lead.ResultsForty patients were enrolled. Mean intrinsic RV‐LV EGM values decreased from 121.9 ± 14.7 ms to 109.1 ± 15.0 ms (P < .01), mean RVp‐LVs EGM values from 146.7 ± 16.7 ms to 135.1 ± 13.1 ms, (P < .01), and mean LVp‐RVs EGM values from 155.7 ± 18.1 ms to 144.2 ± 17.1 ms (P < .01). The improvement in intrinsic RV‐LV EGM was 14.9 ± 8.5 ms in responders vs 8.9 ± 7.9 ms in nonresponders to CRT (P < .05). Changes in activation sequence did not correlate with CRT response.ConclusionsThis novel study used EGMs from a quadripolar LV lead to demonstrate electrical remodelling occurs following CRT. A nonsignificant trend suggests that electrical remodelling in CRT is greater in responders compared to nonresponders, although further study is needed.
Iatrogenic subclavian arteriovenous fistula during permanent pacemaker implantation: Closed by endovascular coiling
Authors: Bera Debabrata , Dharia Tejas , Trivedi Aniruddh , Rao Anand , Pawar Prashant Dilip , Bachani Neeta , Shah Vihang , Panicker Gopi , Lokhandwala Yash 
Published: April 2018

AbstractIatrogenic arteriovenous fistula is a unique complication during pacemaker implantation. A 55‐year‐old man was posted for pacemaker implantation for recurrent unexplained syncope with trifascicular AV block. After axillary/subclavian venous puncture and introduction of RV lead, arterial spurting was immediately noticed as the the sheath was peeled away. After dissecting the overlying pectoralis muscle, deep sutures and manual compression achieved hemostasis. However, Subclavian arteriogram revealed an arteriovenous fistula from a lateral thoracic artery branch to the innominate vein. Hilal coils were deployed near the fistulous orifice, leading to complete resolution of the leak. After 3 days, pacemaker was implanted from right side. A multidisciplinary approach was the key to successful outcome.
Green Tea Polyphenols Mitigate Gliadin‐Mediated Inflammation and Permeability in Vitro
Authors: Van Buiten Charlene B. , Lambert Joshua D. , Elias Ryan J. 
Published: April 2018

ScopeGreen tea, a polyphenol‐rich beverage, has been reported to mitigate a number of inflammatory and hypersensitivity disorders in laboratory models, and has been shown to moderate pathways related to food allergies in vitro. The present study investigates the impact of decaffeinated green tea extract (GTE) on the digestion of gliadin protein in vitro and the effect of physical interactions with GTE on the ability of gliadin to stimulate celiac disease‐related symptoms in vitro.Methods and resultsComplexation of GTE and gliadin in vitro is confirmed by monitoring increases in turbidity upon titration of GTE into a gliadin solution. This phenomenon is also observed during in vitro digestion when gliadin is exposed to the digestive proteases pepsin and trypsin. SDS‐PAGE and enzymatic assays reveal that GTE inhibits digestive protease activity and gliadin digestion. In differentiated Caco‐2 cell monolayers as a model of the small intestinal epithelium, complexation of gliadin with GTE reduces gliadin‐stimulated monolayer permeability and the release of interleukin (IL)‐6 and IL‐8.ConclusionThere are potential beneficial effects of GTE as an adjuvant therapy for celiac disease through direct interaction between gliadin proteins and green tea polyphenols.
Inter‐laboratory comparison of channelized hotelling observer computation
Authors: Ba Alexandre , Abbey Craig K. , Baek Jongduk , Han Minah , Bouwman Ramona W. , Balta Christiana , Brankov Jovan , Massanes Francesc , Gifford Howard C. , Hernandez‐Giron Irene , Veldkamp Wouter J. H. , Petrov Dimitar , Marshall Nicholas , Samuelson Frank W. , Zeng Rongping , Solomon Justin B. , Samei Ehsan , Timberg Pontus , Förnvik Hannie , Reiser Ingrid , Yu Lifeng , Gong Hao , Bochud François O. 
Published: April 2018

PurposeThe task‐based assessment of image quality using model observers is increasingly used for the assessment of different imaging modalities. However, the performance computation of model observers needs standardization as well as a well‐established trust in its implementation methodology and uncertainty estimation. The purpose of this work was to determine the degree of equivalence of the channelized Hotelling observer performance and uncertainty estimation using an intercomparison exercise.Materials and MethodsImage samples to estimate model observer performance for detection tasks were generated from two‐dimensional CT image slices of a uniform water phantom. A common set of images was sent to participating laboratories to perform and document the following tasks: (a) estimate the detectability index of a well‐defined CHO and its uncertainty in three conditions involving different sized targets all at the same dose, and (b) apply this CHO to an image set where ground truth was unknown to participants (lower image dose). In addition, and on an optional basis, we asked the participating laboratories to (c) estimate the performance of real human observers from a psychophysical experiment of their choice. Each of the 13 participating laboratories was confidentially assigned a participant number and image sets could be downloaded through a secure server. Results were distributed with each participant recognizable by its number and then each laboratory was able to modify their results with justification as model observer calculation are not yet a routine and potentially error prone.ResultsDetectability index increased with signal size for all participants and was very consistent for 6 mm sized target while showing higher variability for 8 and 10 mm sized target. There was one order of magnitude between the lowest and the largest uncertainty estimation.ConclusionsThis intercomparison helped define the state of the art of model observer performance computation and with thirteen participants, reflects openness and trust within the medical imaging community. The performance of a CHO with explicitly defined channels and a relatively large number of test images was consistently estimated by all participants. In contrast, the paper demonstrates that there is no agreement on estimating the variance of detectability in the training and testing setting.
Responsibility for patient care in perioperative practice
Authors: Blomberg Ann‐Catrin , Bisholt Birgitta , Lindwall Lillemor 
Published: April 2018

AbstractAimTo obtain an understanding of operating theatre nurses' experiences of responsibility for patient care and safety in perioperative practice.DesignA hermeneutic design were used.MethodData were collected during 2012 from 15 operating theatre nurses who participated in individual interviews. The text was analyzed by hermeneutical text interpretation.FindingsThe texts revealed two main themes: A formal external responsibility and personal ethical value. Responsibility that the patient was not exposed to risks, protecting the patient's body, systematically planning and organizing work in the surgical team. The personal ethical value meant confirming the patient as a person, caring for the patient and preserving the patient's dignity. A new understanding emerged that the operating theatre nurse always have the patient in mind.
Enhancement of mitochondrial biogenesis and paradoxical inhibition of lactate dehydrogenase mediated by 14‐3‐3η in oncocytomas
Authors: Feng Jie , Zhang Qi , Li Chuzhong , Zhou Yang , Zhao Sida , Hong Lichuan , Song Qi , Yu Shenyuan , Hu Chunxiu , Wang Herui , Mao Chengyuan , Shepard Matthew J , Hao Shuyu , Dominah Gifty , Sun Mitchell , Wan Hong , Park Deric M , Gilbert Mark R , Xu Guowang , Zhuang Zhengping , Zhang Yazhuo 
Published: April 2018

AbstractOncocytomas represent a subset of benign pituitary adenomas that are characterized by significant mitochondrial hyperplasia. Mitochondria are key organelles for energy generation and metabolic intermediate production for biosynthesis in tumour cells, so understanding the mechanism underlying mitochondrial biogenesis and its impact on cellular metabolism in oncocytoma is vital. Here, we studied surgically resected pituitary oncocytomas by using multi‐omic analyses. Whole‐exome sequencing did not reveal any nuclear mutations, but identified several somatic mutations of mitochondrial DNA, and dysfunctional respiratory complex I. Metabolomic analysis suggested that oxidative phosphorylation was reduced within individual mitochondria, and that there was no reciprocal increase in glycolytic activity. Interestingly, we found a reduction in the cellular lactate level and reduced expression of lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA), which contributed to mitochondrial biogenesis in an in vitro cell model. It is of note that the hypoxia‐response signalling pathway was not upregulated in pituitary oncocytomas, thereby failing to enhance glycolysis. Proteomic analysis showed that 14‐3‐3η was exclusively overexpressed in oncocytomas, and that 14‐3‐3η was capable of inhibiting glycolysis, leading to mitochondrial biogenesis in the presence of rotenone. In particular, 14‐3‐3η inhibited LDHA by direct interaction in the setting of complex I dysfunction, highlighting the role of 14‐3‐3η overexpression and inefficient oxidative phosphorylation in oncocytoma mitochondrial biogenesis. These findings deepen our understanding of the metabolic changes that occur within oncocytomas, and shine a light on the mechanism of mitochondrial biogenesis, providing a novel perspective on metabolic adaptation in tumour cells. © 2018 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
The combined effect of wrinkles and noncircular shape of fibers on wetting behavior of electrospun cellulose acetate membranes
Authors: Yousefi Bahareh , Gharehaghaji Ali Akbar , Asgharian Jeddi Ali Asghar , Karimi Mohammad 
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACTRoughness‐induced hydrophobicity is an area of rapid growth which can be achieved through surface texture or surface porosity. Characterizing the effect of surface roughness on wetting behavior of surfaces with irregular shapes has always been a challenging problem. In this work, changing the environmental conditions during electrospinning of hydrophilic cellulose acetate solutions produced highly porous ribbon like fibers, differed widely in their surface morphologies. All samples showed apparent hydrophobicity with water contact angles between 121° and 146°. The specific surface area was introduced for the first time, as a comprehensive parameter to predict contact angles of noncircular fibers. Statistical modeling revealed that the log‐linear models would better fit the data in comparison with the other linear forms. These results confirmed that the specific surface area could be an appropriate single variable for predicting the contact angles of multiscale porous and wrinkled structures of electrospun fibers. Moreover, the membrane produced at 20 °C temperature and the relative humidity of 60% revealed surprisingly high specific surface area (276.63 m2/g) that seems very promising for industrial applications such as separation technologies. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2018, 56, 1012–1020
Fabrication of helical microfibers from melt blown polymer blends
Authors: Li Hui , Huang Hui , Meng Xiaohua , Zeng Yongchun 
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACTHelical fibers in micro/nanoscale resembling plant tendrils have been of increasing interest due to their unique characteristics. Fabrication of helical microfibers from polymer blends using melt blowing technique is reported in this study. An elastomeric and a stiff polymer are chosen as the raw materials, and a designed swirl‐die melt‐blowing device is used to prepare the microfibrous nonwovens. Focusing on the interfacial interaction between the polymer components induced by the polymer structure and intrinsic properties, airflow field characteristics, and processing parameters, we explore the effects of various parameters on helical fiber formation. Differential scanning calorimeter is employed to examine the rigidity of polymer chains, and the three‐dimensional airflow field simulation is carried out to reveal the airflow field characteristics. This work can provide a promising technique for producing stretchable microfibrous materials which have potential applications in field such as filtration materials and oil sorbents. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys.2018,56, 970–977
Current status of chirality in agrochemicals
Authors: Jeschke Peter 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe agrochemical industry is searching continuously for new pesticides to develop products that have optimal efficacy, lower application rates in the field, increased selectivity, favourable toxicological and environmental safety, enhanced user friendliness and better economic viability. One strategy by which to achieve these ambitious goals makes use of the unique properties of molecules containing asymmetric centres. In the past, many natural products and their congeners have been a source of inspiration in the design of new active ingredients, and the molecular structures of the resulting compounds have become increasingly complex; some 30% contain fragments with asymmetric centres. However, despite enormous progress in catalytic asymmetric processes over the past decade, few agrochemicals are produced in an enantiomerically pure or enriched form on an industrial scale. Since 2007, ∼ 43% of the 44 products launched (insecticides, acaricides, fungicides, nematicides and herbicides) contain one or more asymmetric centres in the molecule (∼ 47%) and most have been launched as racemic mixtures of enantiomers or diastereomers. This review provides an overview of the current status of chiral agrochemicals launched over the past 10 years and describes the inherently connected challenges of modern agricultural chemistry by managing important aspects resulting from the stereochemistry of these innovative products. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
A cryptic diapause strategy in Halotydeus destructor (Tucker) (Trombidiformes: Penthaleidae) induced by multiple cues
Authors: Cheng Xuan , Hoffmann Ary A , Maino James L , Umina Paul A 
Published: April 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe polyphagous mite pest, Halotydeus destructor, typically has three generations during the cool moist season in Australia and produces over‐summering diapause eggs in spring. Diapause eggs have a distinct thick and dark chorion and can survive heat, desiccation and the application of pesticides. Farmers suppress mites producing diapause eggs by a carefully timed spring pesticide application using Timerite®, which predicts the onset of diapause egg production based largely on day length. We investigated the association between diapause induction and other environmental factors that may complicate diapause predictions.RESULTSDiapause in H. destructor induction was influenced by three interacting environmental factors, namely day length, temperature and soil moisture. A cryptic type of diapause egg that lacked a thick chorion and was instead morphologically similar to non‐diapause eggs was also discovered. Like diapause eggs, this newly discovered egg type could also survive hot and dry summer conditions.CONCLUSIONSThere is an opportunity to refine the Timerite® spring spray by incorporating knowledge of other environmental factors inducing diapause in H. destructor. Compared with typical diapause eggs, the production of cryptic diapause eggs could reflect a strategy to deal with diversifying environmental stresses and/or represent a bet‐hedging strategy to adapt to unpredictable environments. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
A precisely targeted application strategy of dipping young cucumber fruit in fungicide to control cucumber gray mold
Authors: He Leiming , Cui Kaidi , Song Yufei , Zhang Zhengqun , Li Beixing , Mu Wei , Liu Feng 
Published: April 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDGray mold is a ubiquitous destructive plant disease found worldwide. To avoid the shortcomings of conventional spraying systems for controlling this disease, such as high selection pressure on Botrytis cinerea for resistance and fungicide waste resulting from spray drift, a precisely targeted application strategy of dipping young cucumber fruit in a mixture of fungicide and forchlorfenuron (plant growth regulator, PGR) during the bloom period to control cucumber gray mold was developed in the current study.RESULTSWithout leaving above‐limit residues in cucumber fruits, dipping in fludioxonil at 30 mg L−1 provided a greater efficacy (85.4%) against cucumber gray mold than did spraying at 100 mg L−1 (76.4%). Importantly, fludioxonil mixed with forchlorfenuron from 25 to 35 mg L−1 increased the yield of cucumbers by 26.2–36.7% compared to dipping fruit only in forchlorfenuron. The increased yield may be a benefit of controlling gray mold.CONCLUSIONDipping fruit in fungicides and PGRs seems to be a potential precisely targeted application strategy to not only control cucumber gray mold effectively but also, through the action of PGRs, to increase the cucumber yield. This novel application method is believed to have a bright prospect in cucumber production in Chinese solar glasshouses. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
GoldCLIP: Gel-Omitted Ligation-Dependent CLIP
Authors: Gu Jiaqi , Wang Ming , Yang Yang , Qiu Ding , Zhang Yiqun , Ma Jinbiao , Zhou Yu , Hannon Gregory J. , Yu Yang 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Protein–RNA interaction networks are essential to understand gene regulation control. Identifying binding sites of RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) by the UV-crosslinking and immunoprecipitation (CLIP) represents one of the most powerful methods to map protein–RNA interactions in vivo. However, the traditional CLIP protocol is technically challenging, which requires radioactive labeling and suffers from material loss during PAGE-membrane transfer procedures. Here we introduce a super-efficient CLIP method (GoldCLIP) that omits all gel purification steps. This nonisotopic method allows us to perform highly reproducible CLIP experiments with polypyrimidine tract-binding protein (PTB), a classical RBP in human cell lines. In principle, our method guarantees sequencing library constructions, providing the protein of interest can be successfully crosslinked to RNAs in living cells. GoldCLIP is readily applicable to diverse proteins to uncover their endogenous RNA targets.
Fostering Private Equity Using a Law-First Approach: Lessons from South Korea
Authors: KIM Sung Eun (Summer) 
Published: April 2018

AbstractIn 2004, South Korean lawmakers introduced sweeping legislation to regulate Korean private equity funds. I describe this Korean regulatory initiative as a ‘law-first’ approach to financial regulation: the laws first clearly outline the terms of an ideal private equity structure, and private equity funds and their managers are required to comply with such terms to gain entry into the Korean private equity market. Elsewhere, private equity funds are referred to as shadow banks, with the descriptor ‘shadow’ referring to the funds’ ability to remain outside of the regulatory purview. Attempts to regulate private equity funds and other shadow banks more extensively have been resisted with claims that such regulation will go either too far and regulate shadow banks out of existence, or not nearly far enough as shadow banks expediently exploit loopholes to navigate around new regulation. This article presents the Korean private equity regulatory regime as a counterexample to the existing discourse by showing that private equity funds can survive, and in some cases thrive, under a law-first regulatory approach.
When Natural Disaster Follows Economic Downturn: The Incremental Impact of Multiple Stressor Events on Trajectories of Depression and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Authors: Mandavia Amar D. , Bonanno George A. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractObjectiveTo determine whether there were incremental mental health impacts, specifically on depression trajectories, as a result of the 2008 economic crisis (the Great Recession) and subsequent Hurricane Sandy.MethodUsing latent growth mixture modeling and the ORANJ BOWL dataset, we examined prospective trajectories of depression among older adults (mean age, 60.67; SD, 6.86) who were exposed to the 2 events. We also collected community economic and criminal justice data to examine their impact upon depression trajectories. Participants (N=1172) were assessed at 3 times for affect, successful aging, and symptoms of depression. We additionally assessed posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptomology after Hurricane Sandy.ResultsWe identified 3 prospective trajectories of depression. The majority (83.6%) had no significant change in depression from before to after these events (resilience), while 7.2% of the sample increased in depression incrementally after each event (incremental depression). A third group (9.2%) went from high to low depression symptomology following the 2 events (depressive-improving). Only those in the incremental depression group had significant PTSD symptoms following Hurricane Sandy.ConclusionWe identified a small group of individuals for whom the experience of multiple stressful events had an incremental negative effect on mental health outcomes. These results highlight the importance of understanding the perseveration of depression symptomology from one event to another. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2019;13:173–182)
PROTESTANT MILITARY HUMANISM IN EARLY STUART IRELAND
Authors: ALAN ORR D. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThis article addresses the role of Protestant military humanism in early Stuart Ireland. The central argument is that Protestant military humanism as embodied in the works of such authors as Geoffrey Gates (fl. 1566–80) and Barnabe Rich (1541–1617) played a vital role in the Jacobean plantation of Ulster. These authors combined a strong commitment to the Protestant religion with the conviction that martial virtue was essential for the preservation of the commonwealth against the threats of domestic rebellion and foreign domination. The example of the soldier-planter Sir Thomas Phillips of Limavady (c. 1560–1636) and his criticisms of the City of London's plantation in Derry during the 1620s demonstrates that military humanist values not only offered a persuasive rationale for colonization, but also significantly shaped the course of plantation on the ground. Phillips's lengthy conflict with the City of London demonstrated a fundamental disjuncture between his own Protestant military humanist outlook, and the City's own understanding of its civilizing mission in Ireland; however, rather than a conflict between aristocratic and civic values, close study reveals instead a struggle grounded in competing hierarchies of civic values.