bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Catalytic degradation of O‐cresol using H2O2 onto Algerian Clay‐Na
Authors: Herbache Hayat , Ramdani Amina , Taleb Zoubida , Ruiz‐Rosas Ramiro , Taleb Safia , Morallón Emilia , Pirault‐Roy Laurence , Ghaffour Noreddine 
Published: February 2019

AbstractClay material is used as a catalyst to degrade an organic pollutant. This study focused on the O‐cresol oxidative degradation in aqueous solution by adding H2O2 and Mont‐Na. The catalytic tests showed a high catalytic activity of Mont‐Na, which made it possible to achieve more than 84.6% conversion after 90 min of reaction time at 55°C in 23.2 mM H2O2. The pH value was found to be negatively correlated with the degradation rate of O‐cresol. UV–Vis spectrophotometry revealed that the increase of degradation rate at low pH is related to the formation of 2‐methylbenzoquinone as intermediate product. In addition, the content of iron in Mont‐Na decreased after the catalytic test, bringing further evidence about the O‐cresol catalytic oxidation. The mineralization of O‐cresol is also confirmed by the different methods of characterization of Mont‐Na after the catalytic oxidation test. The effect of the O‐cresol oxidation catalyzed by natural clay is significant.Practitioner points

Algerian Montmorillonite‐Na is used as a catalyst to degrade an organic pollutant: O‐cresol.

It shows a great potential for catalyst properties in the presence of the oxidizing reagent H2O2.

It proved to be an effective means for the degradation of O‐cresol contained in wastewaters.
Novel self‐immobilized biomass mixture based on mycelium pellets for wastewater treatment: A review
Authors: Wang Li , Yu Tianmiao , Ma Fang , Vitus Tankpa , Bai Shanshan , Yang Jixian 
Published: February 2019

AbstractMycelial pellets, as a novel biomass material, can adsorb pollutants as a biosorbent, or combine other substances and organisms to form self‐immobilized biomixture (SIB) to remove pollutants from wastewater. The pellets are eco‐friendly, have a good self‐immobilization capacity, and are easy to filter. In addition, some mycelial fungi can remove the pollutants in water through biodegradation. This study reviewed biomixture based on mycelial pellets and the two ways, through which SIB remove pollutants in water: pure pellets and the pellets with other materials. The characteristics and functions of each part of SIB were discussed. The study also highlighted the shortcomings of the technology and provided recommendations for further development of this technology.
Species and correlations between selenium and mercury in fishpond ecosystems
Authors: Yu Xiaoping , Wang Mengxue , Nan Xuejiao , Guo Yafei , Deng Tianlong 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe chemical species and contents of selenium and mercury in water, sediments, and crucian carps collected from three wild and three aquaculture fishponds in Tianjin, China, were determined, and the interaction between selenium and mercury in water was also investigated by the calorimetry method. The results revealed that the average contents of total selenium (TSe) and total mercury (THg) in each item of the wild areas were higher than in those of the aquaculture areas, and significant differences (95% confidence) were presented for THg both in the sediments and crucian carps. The molar ratios between TSe and THg in all investigated fishponds were far higher than 1, indicating good protective effects of selenium on mercury toxicity. Obviously, negative correlations (r > 0.9993) were found between TSe and THg in water. The antagonism of selenium on mercury in water was confirmed to mainly result from the reaction between selenate and Hg2+ to form an insoluble selenium–mercury oxygenated compound, by which the addition of selenate into the water of fishponds would reduce the environmental risk of mercury.Practitioner points

Se and Hg in different fishpond ecosystems were investigated and compared.

Direct evidence was provided for the interaction between Se and Hg in water.

The addition of Se(VI) into fishpond ecosystems would reduce the environmental risk of Hg.
A comprehensive survey of error measures for evaluating binary decision making in data science
Authors: Emmert‐Streib Frank , Moutari Salisou , Dehmer Matthias 
Published: February 2019

Binary decision making is a topic of great interest for many fields, including biomedical science, economics, management, politics, medicine, natural science and social science, and much effort has been spent for developing novel computational methods to address problems arising in the aforementioned fields. However, in order to evaluate the effectiveness of any prediction method for binary decision making, the choice of the most appropriate error measures is of paramount importance. Due to the variety of error measures available, the evaluation process of binary decision making can be a complex task. The main objective of this study is to provide a comprehensive survey of error measures for evaluating the outcome of binary decision making applicable to many data‐driven fields.This article is categorized under:

Fundamental Concepts of Data and Knowledge > Key Design Issues in Data Mining
Technologies > Prediction
Algorithmic Development > Statistics
Modelling Agricultural Strategies in the Dutch Roman Limes via Agent-Based Modelling (ROMFARMS)
Authors: Joyce Jamie 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThis chapter presents an agent-based model developed to investigate the impact on land and labour costs of different agricultural strategies that could have been undertaken in the Early and Middle Roman periods (12 BCE to 270 CE) in the Lower Rhine delta. A short description of the sub-processes in ROMFARMS to simulate settlement population dynamics, arable farming, animal husbandry and wood acquisition is provided. The results show that settlements in the Dutch limes zone during the Roman period were mostly limited by the relatively small labour pool available. Whilst not prevented outright by the availability of labour, the results show that only a small proportion of the total quantity of grain demanded by to military settlements, towns and vici can be supplied by local settlements. Two different possible scales of supply were envisaged with the results indicating that a macro-regional supply network was more feasible in which all settlements in the Lower Rhine delta were involved in the supply of consumer-only settlements. Whilst several methodological issues were noted, ROMFARMS is presented as an innovative tool for Dutch Roman archaeology with good potential for further development.
The Economy of Laetanian Wine: A Conceptual Framework to Analyse an Intensive/Specialized Winegrowing Production System and Trade (First Century BC to Third Century AD)
Authors: Martín i Oliveras Antoni , Calvo Víctor Revilla 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe Roman economy has been defined as an agrarian regime, where wheat was mainly cultivated combined with livestock farming and intensive cash crops such as wine and olive oil. Possibilities for economic growth in a winegrowing area such as the Laetanian region inHispania Citeriordepended upon changes in agrarian productivity but were subject to agro-ecological and agroeconomic endowments that could affect the settlement patterns, the fluctuations in population, the forms of production related to the vineyard crop capacities, the spread of new techniques of cultivation and processing and the adoption of new technological advances. The combination of these factors explains how comparative advantages arose from other winegrowing territories, achieved through intensification and specialization processes that generated an increase of winemaking production surplus capable of being traded in different overseas markets.
Correction to: Organizational Ethical Virtues of Innovativeness
Authors: Riivari Elina , Lämsä Anna-Maija 
Published: February 2019

The article Organizational Ethical Virtues of Innovativeness, written by Elina Riivari and Anna-Maija Lämsä, was originally published electronically on the publisher’s internet portal (currently SpringerLink) on 3 March 2017 without open access. With the author(s)’ decision to opt for Open Choice the copyright of the article changed on 7 February 2019 to © The Author(s) 2019 and the article is forthwith distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits use, duplication, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made.
Ronald Dworkin and Duncan Kennedy: Two Views of Interpretation
Authors: Zreik Raef 
Published: February 2019

Ronald Dworkin and Duncan Kennedy represent arguably two opposing poles in legal theory. This paper offers a novel frame for reading their respective legal theories which reconceptualizes the traditional way in which they were opposed, and new ways to compare them, to understand their commonalities and their differences.While Dworkin is taken to be a champion of a theory of rights, he is also associated with a certain theory of interpretation which holds that even in hard cases judges have limited discretion and a right answer to every legal question we might reasonably encounter. Kennedy, in contrast, seems to disagree with Dworkin in every conceivable respect such as the nature of law and legal reasoning, the role of right, the relation of law to its outsides (politics/ideology), thus questioning the objectivity and neutrality of legal reasoning, and he seems to be advocating what could be termed as a “radical indeterminacy” thesis.The paper attempts reading Dworkin and Kennedy alongside each other, rather than in opposition, and so it deploys two interrelated strategies to establish such frame. One is concerned softening what appear to be rigid opposition through scrutinizing their writings, whereas the other takes stock of the common themes, presuppositions, images of law, and sensibilities that both share either explicitly or implicitly. This double strategy reveals the arguments that are attributed to them and which they themselves deny they are making. To that end, the paper unveils an unacknowledged shift toward phenomenology in legal theory that took place in the last few decades.
The effects of non-esterified fatty acids and β-hydroxybutyrate on the hepatic CYP2E1 in cows with clinical ketosis
Authors: Peng Zhicheng , Li Xiaobing , Wang Zhe , Liu Guowen , Li Xinwei 
Published: February 2019

AbstractDairy cows with ketosis display severe oxidative stress as well as high blood concentrations of non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) and β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB). Cytochrome P4502E1 (CYP2E1) plays an important role in the induction of oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to investigate CYP2E1 expression and activity in the liver of clinically ketotic cows (in vivo) and the effects of NEFA and BHB on CYP2E1 expression and activity in hepatocytes (in vitro). Dairy cows with clinical ketosis exhibited a low blood concentration of glucose but high concentrations of NEFA and BHB. Hepatic mRNA, protein expression, and activity of CYP2E1 were significantly higher in cows with clinical ketosis than in control cows. In vitro, both NEFA and BHB treatment markedly up-regulated the mRNA and protein expressions as well as activity of CYP2E1 in cow hepatocytes. Taken together, these results indicate that high levels of NEFA and BHB significantly up-regulate the expression and activity of hepatic CYP2E1, and may be influential in the induction of oxidative stress in cows with clinical ketosis.
New and known species of the genusPungentusThorne & Swanger, 1936 (Dorylaimida, Nordiidae) from Iran
Authors: Heydari F. , Gharibzadeh F. , Pourjam E. , Pedram M. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThis contribution provides morphological and molecular data for one new and one known species of the genusPungentus. The first species,P. azarbaijanensisn. sp., was recovered from the rhizospheric soil of grasses, collected in West Azarbaijan province, Iran, and was characterized by 2082–2365 μm long females having an angular lip region separated from the rest of the body by a constriction, 33–35 μm long odontostyle, vulva at 43.5–51.0%, 27.0–29.5 μm long rounded-conoid tail, and males unknown. It was compared morphologically with five species:P. angulosus,P. crassus,P. marietani,P. parapungensandP. pungens, which have didelphic-amphidelphic female reproductive system, body longer than 1.5 mm, and odontostyle longer than 20 μm. The second species,P. engadinensis, was recovered in three different regions of Iran (Mazandaran, Semnan and East Azarbaijan provinces). It was compared morphologically with some other populations reported all over the world. Besides morphological studies, molecular phylogenetic studies using partial sequences of 28S rDNA D2-D3 fragments were performed, and the phylogenetic relations of the two Iranian populations with other species and genera were discussed.
Pinning down the role of common luminal intestinal parasitic protists in human health and disease – status and challenges
Authors: Stensvold Christen Rune 
Published: February 2019

AbstractWhile some single-celled intestinal parasites are direct causes of diarrhoea and other types of intestinal pathology, the impact of other gut micro-eukaryotes on human health remains elusive. The fact that some common luminal intestinal parasitic protists (CLIPPs) have lately been found more often in healthy than in diseased individuals has fuelled the hypothesis that some parasites might in fact be protective against disease. To this end, the use of new DNA technologies has helped us investigate trans-kingdom relationships in the gut. However, research into these relationships is currently hampered by the limited data available on the genetic diversity within the CLIPPs genera, which results in limited efficacy of publicly available DNA sequence databases for taxonomic annotation of sequences belonging to the eukaryotic component of the gut microbiota. In this paper, I give a brief overview of the status on CLIPPs in human health and disease and challenges related to the mapping of intestinal eukaryotic diversity of the human gut.
MULTIDIRECTIONAL INTERPOLATION OF LIDAR DATA FROM SOUTHERN VERACRUZ, MEXICO: IMPLICATIONS FOR EARLY OLMEC SUBSISTENCE
Authors: Ramírez-Núñez Carolina , Cyphers Ann , Parrot Jean-François , Höfle Bernhard 
Published: February 2019

AbstractFrom their beginnings some 4,000 years ago to their decadence around 400 b.c., the Olmec people achieved a high level of sociopolitical complexity and dominated their native geographic territory, the southern Gulf Coast of Mexico. The first Olmec capital of San Lorenzo, Veracruz, was the only site in Mesoamerica that produced imposing monumental stone sculpture and architecture between 1800 and 1000 b.c. These characteristics reflect the capabilities of its centralized political system headed by hereditary rulers with divine legitimation. Key issues regarding the development of San Lorenzo Olmec culture center on subsistence and environment. The present study focuses on a portion of the landscape located immediately north of the first Olmec capital of San Lorenzo, Veracruz, that has been proposed as a key resource area during the development of the first civilization in Mesoamerica. We calculate the surface, volume, and water depth of this area based on archaeological data and a Digital Terrain Model (DTM) derived from an airborne Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) survey. The expected minimum and maximum area, local minimum altitude, and the DTM of 5-m spatial resolution provide a basis for inferences regarding the characteristics of the wetland ecosystem during Olmec times. The goal is to quantify and qualify the potential of this resource zone relying on LiDAR topography. Our models validate the observations in the field and, when combined with algorithms, they confirm the archaeological conclusions. We affirm that the northern plain in Olmec times was deeper than it is today and would have been a source of abundant aquatic resources for the primary subsistence of the early Olmec society.
Perinatal intracardiac teratoma: unusual presentation and review of the literature
Authors: Moreau de Bellaing Anne , Houyel Lucile , Bonnet Damien 
Published: February 2019

AbstractIntracardiac teratomas are rare primary tumours. We report the case of an infant prenatally diagnosed with an isolated multi-cystic mass developed in the right ventricle causing neonatal refractory ventricular arrhythmia. Despite rescue extracorporeal support and partial surgical resection, he died as almost all the previous reported perinatal intracardiac teratomas whatever the prenatal tolerance and the size of the tumour. The common poor outcome of fetal intracardiac teratomas should be known when counselling parents during pregnancy.
The intergenerational transmission of family meal practices: a mixed-methods study of parents of young children
Authors: Loth Katie A , Uy Marc James A , Winkler Megan R , Neumark-Sztainer Dianne , Fisher Jennifer Orlet , Berge Jerica M 
Published: February 2019

AbstractObjectiveThe current mixed-methods study explored qualitative accounts of prior childhood experiences and current contextual factors around family meals across three quantitatively informed categories of family meal frequency patterns from adolescence to parenthood: (i) ‘maintainers’ of family meals across generations; (ii) ‘starters’ of family meals in the next generation; and (iii) ‘inconsistent’ family meal patterns across generations.DesignQuantitative survey data collected as part of the first (1998–1999) and fourth (2015–2016) waves of the longitudinal Project EAT (Eating and Activity in Adolescents and Young Adults) study and qualitative interviews conducted with a subset (n40) of Project EAT parent participants in 2016–2017.SettingSurveys were completed in school (Wave 1) and online (Wave 4); qualitative interviews were completed in-person or over the telephone.ParticipantsParents of children of pre-school age (n40) who had also completed Project EAT surveys at Wave 1 and Wave 4.ResultsFindings revealed salient variation within each overarching theme around family meal influences (‘early childhood experiences’, ‘influence of partner’, ‘household skills’ and ‘family priorities’) across the three intergenerational family meal patterns, in which ‘maintainers’ had numerous influences that supported the practice of family meals; ‘starters’ experienced some supports and some challenges; and ‘inconsistents’ experienced many barriers to making family meals a regular practice.ConclusionsFamily meal interventions should address differences in cooking and planning skills, aim to reach all adults in the home, and seek to help parents who did not eat family meals as a child develop an understanding of how and why they might start this tradition with their family.
The optimal design and analysis of wideband second-order microwave integrator
Authors: Gautam Usha , Rawat Tarun Kumar 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe implementation of stable, accurate, and wideband second-order microwave integrators (SOMIs) is presented in this paper. These designs of SOMIs are obtained by using different combinations of transmission line sections and shunt stubs in cascading. Particle swarm optimization (PSO), cuckoo search algorithm (CSA), and gravitational search algorithm (GSA) are applied to obtain the optimal values of the characteristic impedances of these line elements to approximate the magnitude response of ideal second-order integrator (SOI). The performance measure criteria for the proposed SOMIs are carried out based on magnitude response, absolute magnitude error, phase response, convergence rate, pole-zero plot, and improvement graph. The simulation results and statistical analysis demonstrate that GSA surpasses the PSO and CSA to approximate the ideal SOI in all state-of-the-art, that is eligible for wide-band microwave integrator. The designed SOMI is compact in size and suitable to cover microwave applications. The magnitude errors for the proposed SOMIs GSA based are as low as 4.9954 and 3.6573, respectively. The structure of the designed SOMI is implemented in the form of microstrip line on RT/Duroid substrate with dielectric constant 2.2 and having height 0.762 mm. The simulated and measured magnitude result agrees well with the ideal one in the frequency range of 3–15 GHz.
Damage and Strain Localization Around a Pressurized Shallow‐Level Magma Reservoir
Authors: Got Jean‐Luc , Amitrano David , Stefanou Ioannis , Brothelande Elodie , Peltier Aline 
Published: February 2019

AbstractStructures developing above long‐term growing shallow‐level magma reservoirs, such as resurgent domes, may contain information on the reservoir itself. To understand the formation of such tectonic features, we have investigated the deformation process around a shallow pressurized magma reservoir embedded in a damaging elastic volcanic edifice. Our model allows evidencing the effect of the progressive damage in producing the fault pattern associated to tectonic surface deformation. Damage is first isotropic around the cavity and constitutes a damaged zone. Then the free‐surface effect appears, and an anisotropic shear strain develops from the boundary of the damaged zone; it localizes on reverse faults that propagate upward to the surface. When the surface deformation is sufficient, normal faulting appears. Finally, the complete structure shows an undeformed wedge above the damaged zone. This structure is similar to those found by analog modeling and from field geologic observations. From this model, we found a relation to estimate the reservoir radius and depth from the graben and dome widths. From limit analysis, we deduced an analytical expression of the magma reservoir pressure which provides a better understanding of the magma pressure buildup during doming. The dip of reverse faults limiting the dome can be inferred from the minimal pressure required to rupture the crust around the reservoir. Finally, the magma reservoir overpressure, the dip of the faults, the reservoir depth, and the damaged zone radius are inferred from three parameters: the ratio ρR computed from the dome and graben widths, the cohesion, and the friction angle.