bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fully distributed hydrological modelling for catchment-wide hydrological data verification
Authors: Ocio D. , Beskeen T. , Smart K. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractHydrological data scarcity and uncertainty is a fundamental challenge in hydrology, particularly in places with weak or declining investment in hydrometric networks. It is well established that fully distributed hydrological models can provide robust estimation of flows at ungauged locations, through local calibration and regionalisation using spatial datasets of physical properties. Even in situations where data are abundant, the existence of inconsistent information is not uncommon. The measurement, estimation or interpolation of rainfall, potential evapotranspiration and flow as well as the difficulty in monitoring artificial influences are all sources of potential inconsistency. Less studied but as important, distributed hydrological models, given their capability of capturing both the temporal and spatial dimensions of the water balance and runoff generation, are suitable tools to identify potential deficiencies in, and reliability of, input data. Three heavily modified catchments in the East of England such as the Ely Ouse, the Witham, and the Black Sluice have been considered, all of which have issues of data scarcity and uncertainty. This paper demonstrates not only the benefits of fully distributed modelling in addressing data availability issues but also in its use as a catchment-wide data validation tool that serves to maximise the potential of limited data and contributes to improved basin representation.
Modeling effectiveness of broiler litter application method for reducing phosphorus and nitrogen losses
Authors: Arora Palki , Lamba Jasmeet , Srivastava Puneet , Kalin Latif 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
The linkages among the best management practices implemented at the field level and downstream water quality improvement at the watershed level are complex, because the processes that link management practices and watershed-level water quality span a range of scales. However, it is important to understand the effect of nutrient management strategies on watershed-level water quality because most of the water quality evaluation occurs at the watershed scale. The overall goal of this study was to quantify the effect of broiler litter application method (surface vs. subsurface application) on phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) losses in surface runoff using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model. The research was conducted in the Big Creek watershed (8,024 ha) located in Mobile County, Alabama, USA. At the hydrological response unit level, the subsurface application of broiler litter to pastures reduced average annual (1991–2015) total P and N losses in surface runoff by 72% and 33%, respectively, compared to surface application of broiler litter. At the watershed outlet, subsurface application of broiler litter to pastures (covered 43% of the watershed area after the land use change scenario) reduced average annual (1991–2015) total P and N losses by 39% and 20%, respectively.
Improved air valve design using evolutionary polynomial regression
Authors: Balacco G. , Laucelli D. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Air valves are usually sized by heuristic methods or, sometimes, even oversized. Although the technical literature has long focused on the correct sizing of air valves to reduce the overpressure generated by the filling of a pipe, the phenomenon is complex and does not seem to be representable by physically based equations in an easy way, to be of practical use for technicians and designers. In this paper, air valve design is approached through an alternative data-modelling approach, based on evolutionary polynomial regression, with the aim to provide symbolic formulas of variable complexity and accuracy, suitable for physical interpretation, and at the same time easy to be used and applied for design purposes. The present investigation suggests a design formula that, given the geometric parameters of the pipeline system where the air valve is installed, provides the maximum tolerable overpressure, thus allowing the optimal air valve orifice size to be identified.
La2O3-modified MCM-41 for efficient phosphate removal synthesized using natural diatomite as precursor
Authors: Jia Xiaoning , He Xiaojuan , Han Kaixuan , Ba Yuhong , Zhao Xia , Zhang Qingfang 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
In this study, an ordered mesoporous silica modified with lanthanum oxide was synthesized using diatomite as silica source and applied for adsorption of phosphate from aqueous solution. By taking cost-effectiveness for practical application into consideration, the adsorbent with a theoretical La/SiO2 molar ratio of 0.2 (La0.2M41) possessed a promising performance. In the batch adsorption tests, the adsorbents with La2O3 loading possessed markedly enhanced adsorption capacities. Phosphate uptake by La0.2M41 was pH-dependent with the highest sorption capacities observed over a pH range of 3.0–6.0. Coexistent anions displayed an adverse effect on phosphate adsorption following the order of CO32−  &gt; F−  &gt; NO3− &gt; Cl− &gt; SO42−. In the kinetic study, phosphate adsorption onto La0.2M41 followed the pseudo-second-order equation better than the pseudo-first-order, suggesting chemisorption. The Langmuir isothermal model well described the adsorption isotherm data, showing a maximum adsorption capacity for phosphate of up to 263.16 mg/g at 298 K. In a real treated wastewater effluent with phosphate concentration of 2.5 mg P/L, La0.2M41 efficiently reduced the phosphate concentration to 28 µg P/L.
Gene-environment Interaction on the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Among Ethnic Minority Populations Living in Europe and North America: A Systematic Review
Authors: Zafarmand Mohammad H. , Tajik Parvin , Spijker René , Agyemang Charles 
Published: May 2019

Background:
The body of evidence on gene-environment interaction (GEI) related to type 2
diabetes (T2D) has grown in the recent years. However, most studies on GEI have sought to explain
variation within individuals of European ancestry and results among ethnic minority groups are inconclusive.

Objective:
To investigate any interaction between a gene and an environmental factor in relation to
T2D among ethnic minority groups living in Europe and North America.

Methods:
We systematically searched Medline and EMBASE databases for the published literature in
English up to 25th March 2019. The screening, data extraction and quality assessment were performed
by reviewers independently.

Results:
1068 studies identified through our search, of which nine cohorts of six studies evaluating
several different GEIs were included. The mean follow-up time in the included studies ranged from 5 to
25.7 years. Most studies were relatively small scale and few provided replication data. All studies included
in the review included ethnic minorities from North America (Native-Americans, African-
Americans, and Aboriginal Canadian), none of the studies in Europe assessed GEI in relation to T2D
incident in ethnic minorities. The only significant GEI among ethnic minorities was HNF1A
rs137853240 and smoking on T2D incident among Native-Canadians (Pinteraction = 0.006).

Conclusion:
There is a need for more studies on GEI among ethnicities, broadening the spectrum of
ethnic minority groups being investigated, performing more discovery using genome-wide approaches,
larger sample sizes for these studies by collaborating efforts such as the InterConnect approach, and
developing a more standardized method of reporting GEI studies are discussed.
Diagnosis of Lower Genital Tract Infection in Pregnancy: Routine Midtrimester High Vaginal Swab Followed by Gram Staining, Seems to be the Best Strategy
Authors: Poojari Vidyashree Ganesh , Vasudeva Akhila , Dawson Samantha , Kaipa Geetha , Eshwara Vandana , Tellapragada Chaitanya , Kumar Pratap 
Published: June 2019

Background:
Screening of lower genital tract infection (LGTI) in mid-trimester prevents
preterm birth (PTB). There is no consensus on best screening methods for LGTI-symptoms, speculum
findings, a point of care tests or high vaginal swab microscopy.

Aim:
To know diagnostic accuracy of screening of lower genital tract infection (LGTI) in midtrimester
by clinical symptom/signs and point of care tests (viz Amsel’s criteria) as against the gold
standard microscopic tests using gram stain.

Settings and Design:
Prospective observational study in a tertiary care hospital over two years. The
study population included 228 antenatal women between 18th-24th weeks.

Materials and Methods:
Symptoms of vaginal discharge were noted. Speculum examination was
performed on all, to detect the type of discharge. High vaginal swabs were collected, subjected to
the point of care tests (Amsel’s criteria) as well as gram staining. Microscopy (Eg: Nugent’s criteria)
was taken as the gold standard, to which other methods were compared.

Results:
Thirty women (13.5%) were symptomatic. Among 198 that were asymptomatic,
91(45.92%) had LGTI. Speculum examination showed discharge in 221 (96.9%), but gram staining
showed LGTI in only 104 (45.61%), among whom 45 (19.7%) had partial Bacterial vaginosis (BV),
14(6.1%) had full BV, and 40(17.5%) had candidiasis. The commonest discharge was homogenous
thin white, suggestive of BV but 51% among them had normal vaginal flora (NVF); whereas 27%
of those labelled physiological discharge were positive for BV. The appearance of discharge and
gram stain thus did not correlate well. Amsel’s criteria had poor diagnostic accuracy compared to
Nugent’s, although negative predictive value were high.

Conclusion:
There is a high prevalence of LGTI, especially BV among asymptomatic pregnant
women at mid-trimester, best detected with a routine high vaginal swab and gram staining rather
than relying on symptoms/speculum findings/point of care tests. Such testing may guide appropriate
treatment for reducing the risk of PTB.
RESENHA DO LIVRO "SPORT, CULTURE AND ADVERTISING: IDENTITIES, COMMODITIES AND THE POLITICS OF REPRESENTATION" DE STEVEN J. JACKSON E DAVID L. ANDREWS
Authors: De Almeida Bárbara Schausteck , Vlastuin Juliana , Júnior Wanderley Marchi 
Published: May 2019

A coletânea de Steven J. Jackson e David L. Andrews “Sport, Culture and Advertising: identities, commodities and the politics of representation” traz uma série de artigos que analisam peças publicitárias relacionadas ao esporte. Ao entender a publicidade como um veículo de produção e reprodução de imaginários esportivos nacionais, os autores destacam as políticas de representação étnica, de gênero, classe social, deficiência e identidade em diferentes contextos de pesquisa pautados em suas relações com o consumo esportivo. Os textos trazem contribuições sobre problemáticas atuais e sinalizam que o uso do esporte na publicidade também reforça as dominações sociais.
Viabilidad de la atención médica a distancia en el personal de una Universidad Estatal de Costa Rica
Authors: Rojas Sáurez Karla , Arce Espinoza Lourdes 
Published: June 2019

Telemedicine can be an useful option where direct medical attention is not available. We compared a control group of 177 outpatients receiving direct medical attention with 206 telemedicine outpatients in a Costa Rican university. Of these, 85 % were satisfied with and 98 % would accept telemedicine in the future. Our results support the conclusion that telemedicine is a viable method, widely accepted by the staff of the university, which also helps reduce costs, shorten waiting times, relieve saturation in face to face consultation service and allows early detection of risk factors.
TEKNOLOGI TERAPAN PENGHALAU BURUNG OTOMATIS BAGI PETANI PADI DI SALINGKA KAMPUS UNIVERSITAS ANDALAS
Authors: Lina Eka Candra , Zaini Zaini , Puspita Yesi 
Published: June 2019

Sumatera Barat merupakan provinsi yang penduduknya rata-rata bekerja sebagai petani. Produksi padi di Sumatera Barat cukup tinggi, mencapai 55.532 ton per tahunnya. Namun, petani mengalami kesulitan dalam mengahadapi serangan hama, salah satunya yaitu hama burung. Hama burung menyebabkan kehilangan hasil mencapai 30% bahkan 100% pada tingkat serangan yang parah, dan pada tanaman serelia lainnya mampu memnyebabkan kehilangan hasil mencapai 67%. Akibat kehilangan hasil yang cukup tinggi, perlu dilakukannya pengendalian terhadap hama burung. Tetapi, pengendalian hama burung tidak sama dengan hama lain yang dapat dikendalikan secara praktis menggunakan pestisida karena hama burung yang bersifat mobile atau aktif bergerak. Saat ini petani masih menggunakan pengendalian secara mekanis yang di Sumatera disebut dengan istilah ‘Manggaro’. Dimana petani menunggui sawah dan ladangnya selama fase pengisian bulir hingga panen. Pengendalian seacara mekanis ini menghabiskan waktu petani untuk menghalau kedatangan hama burung.
Berdasarkan permasalahan tersebut, maka dibutuhkan suatu usaha dan teknologi yang mampu digunakan untuk menghalau burung tanpa perlu diawasi oleh petani, hemat waktu dan lebih efisien dalam pengendalian serta dapat digunakan dalam jangka panjang. Kegiatan penelitian yang diusulkan meliputi pemasangan alat penghalau burung otomatis dengan sistem deteksi panas tubuh dan motor pengayun sumber bunyi di lahan sawah yang berada disalingka kampus Unand Limau Manis. Pengamatan yang dilakukan adalah hasil produksi padi terhadap 3 perlakuan yang diberikan yaitu penggunaan alat penghalau otomatis hama burung, penggunaan jaring burung dan lahan tanpa menggunakan alat atau dsebut juga sebagai kontrol. Selanjutnya,data yang diperoleh akan dianalisis untuk melihat efektivitas alat penghalau hama burung otomatis. Manfaat alat ini dapat membantu petani dalam pengendalian hama burung. Dimana petani tidak harus berada dilahan persawahannya seharian penuh untuk menghalau hama burung yang menyerang lahan persawahan tersebut.
TEKNOLOGI FRAGMENTASI KARANG SEBAGAI MATA PENCAHARIAN ALTERNATIF DAN EKOWISATA BAGI MASYARAKAT PESISIR DI TELUK KABUNG SELATAN, PADANG, SUMATERA BARAT
Authors: Zakaria Indra Junaidi , Nurdin Jabang , Efrizal Efrizal 
Published: June 2019

Telah dilakukan alih teknologi fragmentasi karang melalui program Ipteks Bagi Masyarakat (IbM) kepada dua mitra kelompok, yaitu: Kelompok Nelayan Wisata Pancing dengan jasa penyewaan perahu untuk kegiatan wisata pancing (Kelompok Nelayan Gabuo Sepakat) dan Kelompok nelayan pemandu wisata pancing dan penyelaman dari Kelurahan Teluk Kabung Selatan, Kecamatan Bungus Teluk Kabung, Kota Padang, Sumatera Barat dari bulan Maret-Agustus 2017. Tujuan kegiatan ini adalah memperkenalkan teknologi fragmentasi karang baik perencanaan, pembuatan dan peletakannya di dasar perairan. Metode pelaksanaan kegaitan adalah melalui ceramah, praktek, dan pembinaan. Kegiatan yang sudah dilaksanakan adalah (1) Sosialisasi dan pelatihan pembuatan fragmentasi karang, dilakukan dengan cara memberikan penjelasan dengan ceramah tentang: a) fungsi dan peranan fragmentasi karang di ekosistem terumbu karang, b) cara pembuatan fragmentasi karang, c) cara peletakannya di dasar perairan dan d) praktek pembuatan fragmentasi karang, (2) Penetapan lokasi tempat peletakan fragmentasi karang yang berada di daerah tarumbu karang yang sudah dijadikan kawasan pariwisata, yaitu Pulau Pasumpahan.
Benefício de Prestação Continuada:
Authors: Santos Marlene de Jesus 
Published: June 2019

O presente texto aborda os impactos causados pelo Benefício de Prestação Continuada na vida de seus beneficiários no Distrito Federal. Ao discutir a assistência social como política pública orgânica à contradição capitalista, o artigo enfatiza o PBC como exemplo de uma nova realidade materializada na Constituição Brasileira de 1988, que consolidou a assistência social como direito do cidadão e dever do Estado. A análide do PBC permite constatar as potencialidades desta política pública e também seus limites e restrições devido à sua inserção em uma sociedade desigual por essência.
DISPARITAS PERLINDUNGAN KEBEBASAN BEREKSPRESI DALAM PENERAPAN PASAL PENGHINAAN UNDANG-UNDANG INFORMASI DAN TRANSAKSI ELEKTRONIK
Authors: Prahassacitta Vidya , Hasibuan Batara 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRAKPasal penghinaan dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2008 tentang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik sebagaimana telah diamandemen dengan Undang-Undang Nomor 19 Tahun 2016 merupakan pasal yang sering menimbulkan perdebatan. Penulis mengkaji putusan-putusan pengadilan periode tahun 2010-2016, dan menemukan rumusan masalah bagaimana disparitas penerapan pasal penghinaan dalam Pasal 27 ayat (3) jo. Pasal 45 Undang-Undang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik, dan pada aspek perlindungan terhadap kebebasan berekspresi? Penelitian menggunakan metode penelitian normatif dengan pendekatan undang-undang dan pendekatan kasus dilakukan untuk memperoleh jawaban. Analisis terhadap dua belas putusan pengadilan yang telah berkekuatan hukum tetap pada periode tahun 2010 sampai dengan 2016 diperoleh dua kesimpulan. Pertama, terjadi disparitas dalam penerapan Pasal 27 ayat (3) jo. Pasal 45 tersebut karena adanya disparitas ketika hakim menginterpretasikan unsur-unsur pasal tersebut. Kedua, terjadi disparitas dalam perlindungan kebebasan berekspresi akibat adanya disparitas tersebut, bahkan penerapan pasal tindak pidana penghinaan tersebut cenderung mengancam kebebasan berekspresi.Kata kunci: tindak pidana, penghinaan, kebebasan berekspresi. ABSTRACT Article of defamation in Law Number 11 of 2008 on Information and Electronic Transactions as amended by Law Number 19 of 2016 is every so often debated. This analysis examines court decisions around the period 2010-2016 with the formulation of the problem of how inconsistent the application of the defamation article in Article 27 paragraph (3) juncto Article 45 of Information and Electronic Transactions Law, along with the aspect of freedom of expression protection. This study uses normative research methods with law and cases approach to obtain answers. Out from analyzing twelve court decisions with have permanent legal force from 2010 to 2016, two conclusions are obtained. First, there is disparity in the application of Article 27 paragraph (3) in conjunction with Article 45 because of the disparity when the judge interprets the elements of the article. Second, there is disparity in the protection of freedom of expression due to the difference; even the application of the criminal offense article tends to threaten freedom of expression. The contradiction must be between the decisions of the same court, or at the same level. Keywords: criminal act, defamation, freedom of expression.
PENGARUH MODIFIKASI CROSSLINK TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK TEPUNG UBI JALAR SAAT DIPANASKAN
Authors: Yustiawan Yustiawan , Hastuti Heru Pitria , Yanti Sahri 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACT
Sweet potato is a plant that is easy to be cultivated and very potential to be processed into flour. But the quality is still low compared to other flour especially when heated. Because it is done to improve the quality especially when heated. Modification done crosslink using sodium tripolyphosphate reagent (STPP). The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of modified flour on flour characteristics when heated. Parameters used in this research are water absorption, Swelling Power, and flour solubility. The data processing used is RAL of 1 factor at the 0.05 level and further test using Duncan test. The results showed that the characteristics of flour modification is better than natural flour. The higher the concentration of STPP used, the water absorbency increases, the swelling power increases, and solubility decreases. Sweet potato flour has optimum absorption limit and optimal development on reaction process for 1 hour, and will decrease at longer reaction process..
Key words: sweet potato, sweet potato flour, modified flour, crosslink modification, STPP
ABSTRAK
Ubi jalar merupakan tanaman yang mudah dibudidayakan dan berpotensi diolah menjadi tepung, namun kualitasnya masih rendah dibandingkan dengan tepung lainnya, khususnya saat dipanaskan. Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan upaya meningkatkan kualitas tepung ubi jalar terutama saat dipanaskan. Modifikasi dilakukan secara crosslink dengan pereaksi sodium tripolyfosfat (STPP). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menentukan pengaruh modifikasi terhadap karakteristik tepung saat dipanaskan. Parameter yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah daya serap air, swelling power, dan solubillitas tepung. Pengolahan data menggunakan RAL faktorial pada taraf 0,05 dan uji lanjut menggunakan uji Duncan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa karateristik tepung modifikasi lebih baik daripada tepung alami. Semakin tinggi konsentrasi STPP, daya serap air meningkat, nilai swelling power meningkat, dan solubilitas menurun. Tepung ubi jalar memiliki batas optimum penyerapan serta pengembangan optimal pada reaksi selama 1 jam dengan konsenrasi STTP 3%, serta menurun pada reaksi yang lebih lama.
Kata kunci: ubi jalar, tepung ubi jalar, modifikasi pati, modifikasi crosslink, STPP
PROPORSI RUMAH BERARSITEKTUR CHINA DI TEPIAN SUNGAI MUSI PALEMBANG (The Proportion of Architectural Chinese House on Musi River Palembang)
Authors: Jaya Anjuma Perkasa 
Published: May 2019

Since the era of Sriwijaya, Palembang had been accosted and livable by different ethnics from other nations, such as Chinese, Arabia, and Campa. Their presence has coloured the development of architecture in Palembang because of the architectural influences of the native country. The existence of the Chinese architecture houses in Musi river is one of the architectural heritages of the Chinese ethnic that still survive until today. Visually, the shape of the buildings provides equal image proportions indicating that there is a size comparison of the physical elements of the main building in building the houses. It is interesting to find out physical proportions (main frame) of those house buildings. The research used descriptive quantitative method and data were analysed stastistically. Results of the study showed that the proportion (ratio) of the physical elements (main frame) of this building was P: L: T = 9.2:3.4:2.3. The front roof of the building (segment A) has a high proportion but lower than the roofs on segment B and C. This indicates that the spaces on segments B and C have a higher space value as praying room and private activity spot for its residents.
Work-related musculoskeletal symptoms among Traffic police: A Review
Authors: Paudel Leela , Manandhar Naresh , Joshi Sunil Kumar 
Published: May 2019

Workplace environment plays an important role in the health of the working population. The risk of adverse effects on health becomes high with the increase in duration of exposure to occupational hazards. Traffic police personnel are vulnerable to such situations. They undergo various hazards ranging from road injuries, physical hazards, biological hazards, chemical hazards, ergonomic hazards and psychological stress while they are at work. They have to keep on standing on same place throughout the duty hours, which also increases the risk of musculoskeletal problem. There have been very few researches to explore the situation of work-related musculoskeletal symptoms in traffic police. Recently, work-related musculoskeletal symptoms were the main cause of sickness absenteeism, reduction in productivity, and chronic occupational disabilities in traffic police have received much attention. Thus, this review has been designed to help the health care professional and occupational health and safety professionals to know the most prone body areas for Musculoskeletal Disorders so as to plan for ergonomic modification and improve quality of life of Traffic Police Personnel. It will also help in uplifting musculoskeletal health for Traffic Police Personnel.