bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tissue-specific responses to TFAM and mtDNA copy number manipulation in prematurely ageing mice
Authors: Kremer Laura S , Gao Guanbin , Rigoni Giovanni , Filograna Roberta , Mennuni Mara , Wibom Rolf , Végvári Ákos , Koolmeister Camilla , Larsson Nils-Göran 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSomatic mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations are heavily implicated as important drivers of ageing and age-related diseases. Their pathological effect can be partially counteracted by increasing the absolute amount of wild-type mtDNA via moderately upregulating TFAM, a protein important for mtDNA packaging and expression. However, strong TFAM overexpression can also have detrimental effects as it results in hypercompaction of the mtDNA and subsequent impairment of mtDNA gene expression. In this study, we have experimentally addressed the propensity of moderate TFAM modulation to improve the premature ageing phenotypes of mtDNA mutator mice, carrying random mtDNA mutations. Surprisingly, we detect tissue-specific endogenous compensatory mechanisms acting in mtDNA mutator mice which largely affects the outcome of TFAM modulation. Accordingly, moderate overexpression of TFAM can have both negative and beneficial effects in different tissues of mtDNA mutator mice. We see a similar behavior for moderate TFAM reduction, which improves brown adipocyte tissue homeostasis, while other tissues are largely unaffected. Our findings highlight that regulation of copy number and gene expression of mtDNA is complex and cause tissue-specific effects that should be considered when modulating TFAM levels. Additionally, we suggest that TFAM is not the sole determinant of mtDNA copy number in situations where oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) is compromised but other important players must be involved.
Decoupling of external and internal dynamics in driven two-level systems
Authors: Böhringer Samuel , Friedrich Alexander 
Published: November 2024

We show how a laser driven two-level system including quantized external degrees of freedom for each state can be decoupled into a set of oscillator equations acting only on the external degrees of freedom with operator valued damping representing the detuning. We give a way of characterizing the solvability of this family of problems by appealing to a classical oscillator with time-dependent damping. As a consequence of this classification we (i) obtain analytic and representation-free expressions for Rabi oscillations including external degrees of freedom with and without an external linear potential, (ii) show that whenever the detuning operator can be diagonalized (analytically or numerically) the problem decomposes into a set of classical equations, and (iii) we can use the oscillator equations as a perturbative basis to describe Rabi oscillations in weak but otherwise arbitrary external potentials. Moreover, chirping of the driving fields phase emerges naturally as a means of compensating the Ehrenfest/mean-value part of the detuning operator's dynamics while in the presence of driving phase noise leads to a stochastic evolution equation of Langevin type. Lastly, our approach is representation free with respect to the external degrees of freedom and as consequence a suitable representation or basis expansion can be chosen a posteriori depending on the desired application at hand.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Leveraging artificial intelligence to enhance psychological capital in learning organizations: a viewpoint
Authors: Kapil Prachi , Singh Seema 
Published: November 2024

Purpose
This viewpoint article presents perspectives on the intersection of AI and the diverse elements of Psychological Capital (PsyCap) and is a foundation for discussion on this juncture. It also exhibits the advantages of integrating AI and PsyCap in learning organizations and the challenges and future directions associated with the same.

Design/methodology/approach
The article exhibits the juncture of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Psychological Capital (PsyCap) in context to learning organizations. It also highlights the various AI tools that can be used to manage diverse PsyCap attributes in learning organizations. The approach is to present a starting point for discussion on the intersection of the two concepts and how learning organizations can leverage them to create sustained competitive advantage.

Findings
Artificial Intelligence Systems can be used to enhance self-efficacy, promote optimism, cultivate hope and build resilience in learning organizations. A strategic approach with continued evaluation of AI tools is the key. However, challenges like privacy and unethical issues, biasness and management of human- AI intervention have to be taken into consideration for effective integration of AI tools and Psychological Capital.

Originality/value
The research in the domain of Artificial Intelligence and related technologies is not a new phenomenon. However, there is a possibility to understand that AI is not a competitor to human ingenuity but a facilitator to it. Through this article an effort is made to ignite the conversation on the topic and it can be a starting point for future research on the integration of the two perspectives.
Unveiling the complexity code: navigating BIM-enabled projects with a project management complexity index
Authors: Bakhshi Javad , Golzad Hamed , Martek Igor , Hosseini M. Reza , Papadonikolaki Eleni 
Published: November 2024

PurposeThis study aims to investigate the complexity factors associated with BIM-enabled projects. BIM has been widely promoted as a potential solution to numerous challenges that hinder productivity in construction projects, owing to its numerous advantages. Nevertheless, it is crucial to acknowledge the heightened complexity it introduces to project workflows, stakeholder coordination and information management.Design/methodology/approachThis study employs the Delphi method to identify and extract complexity factors specific to BIM-enabled projects. A panel of industry and academic experts is engaged to discern and prioritise these factors based on their expertise and knowledge.FindingsThe study reveals a comprehensive list of 34 complexity factors that significantly impact BIM-enabled projects. Among the most influential factors are laws and regulations, variety of procurement methods, technical capabilities of teams, project manager competence, information transfer capacity, range of project deliverables and diversity of project locations. The findings highlight the importance of these factors and emphasise the need for proactive and adaptive management to navigate their impact and achieve positive project outcomes.Originality/valueThis study introduces the DEBACCS framework, a metric-based model designed to understand and evaluate complexity within BIM-enabled projects. DEBACCS stands for seven key dimensions: diversity, emergence, belonging, autonomy, connectivity, context and size. These dimensions represent essential aspects for gauging project complexity. By applying the concept of complexity from project management to BIM, the study offers valuable insights for practitioners and researchers. It provides a unique perspective on the challenges and considerations associated with implementing and managing BIM in construction projects. The findings have practical value for practitioners, enabling them to better understand and address the implications of complexity in BIM-enabled projects, ultimately leading to improved project outcomes.
Formation and dynamics of prefabricated building innovation network
Authors: Zhang Yuanxin , Xu Liujun , Xue Xiaolong , Wang Zeyu , Skibniewski Miroslaw 
Published: November 2024

PurposeWith the uptake of prefabricated construction (PC) facing serious obstacles in China, networked innovation can break the technical constraints while also containing the risks in individual innovation. However, the construction community has paid little attention to PC innovation, especially networked innovation. This study aims to gain deep insights into what impacts the formation and dynamics of a prefabricated construction innovation network (PCIN). With the uptake of PC facing serious obstacles in China, networked innovation can break the technical constraints while also containing the risks in individual innovation.Design/methodology/approachThe research design follows a sequential mixed methodology of qualitative and quantitative data collection and analysis. It first conceptualizes the PCIN based on the quadruple helix model and formulates a corresponding system dynamics model based on causality analysis. After validating the PCIN model using empirical data, simulations are carried out using Vensim PLE software. Finally, this study identifies key factors that promote the formation of PCIN in China through sensitivity analysis.FindingsThe results show that PC predicts a continuous increase in practice as of 2030. The tested drivers all positively influence the formation of the PCIN, with market demand and risk sharing having the greatest influence, followed by competitive pressure, profit government support, scientific and technological advancement and collaborative innovation strategy.Originality/valueThe study makes three major contributions. First, it provides a novel angle for a deeper understanding of the PC innovation. Second, it proposes a new approach for probing the formation and dynamics of the PCIN. Finally, it offers a theoretical reference for promoting the formation of innovation networks and the development of PC.
The inclusion of racialized women in the nursing workforce
Authors: Schimmele Christoph , Hou Feng 
Published: November 2024

PurposeThe study focuses on employment equity among Canadian women with a nursing education, examining differences across racialized groups.Design/methodology/approachThe analysis used data from the 2021 Canadian Census of Population on a large sample of women aged 25–64 years with a nursing education (n = 112,000). The analysis compared women from ten racialized population groups to those from the White population group on attainment of a nursing education, employment in the health sector, and having an occupation that matched their nursing education. These comparisons were made separately for women who were Canadian-born, Canadian-educated immigrants and foreign-educated immigrants and controlled for differences in educational and demographic characteristics.FindingsMost racialized women were under-represented in terms of having a nursing education, which was a barrier to their inclusion in the nursing workforce. Having a Canadian nursing education eliminated most disparities between racialized and White women in terms of employment outcomes. Foreign-educated immigrant women experienced a large penalty in levels of workforce integration, and this penalty was mostly larger for those from racialized population groups than the White population group. Large proportions of foreign-educated immigrant women with a nursing education had non-health occupations or health occupations that underutilized their skills.Originality/valueThis study provides a granular perspective on disparities between racialized and White women in levels of employment and utilization in the nursing workforce. The analyses illustrate the need for disaggregated data to reveal where the disparities lie and the context in which these disparities emerge.
Steadfast Bubbles: a Palestinian soap company’s journey to globalization
Authors: Dewi Miranti Kartika , Wulandari Karina 
Published: November 2024

Learning outcomes
By the end of this case study analysis, students are expected to understand the dynamics of global markets by identifying institutional voids in prospective export destinations using the framework by Khanna and Palepu; evaluate potential export destinations for Nablus Soap Company (NSC), taking into account the identified institutional voids and their implications for market entry.
Formulate strategies for NSC to address institutional voids and manage exports effectively to the selected country.
Assess various global expansion strategies beyond exporting for NSC, examining their respective advantages, disadvantages, and feasibility within the context of the company’s goals.
Analyze the factors that contributed to NSC’s successful expansion into 72 countries, despite the longstanding challenges faced by Palestinians since 1948, including the recent impact of the 2023 situation in Gaza on the West Bank.

Case overview/synopsis
This case study provides students with an in-depth understanding of the Palestinian economy, focusing on the NSC, a small and medium enterprise in the olive soap industry. Founded by Mojtaba Tbeleh in 1971, NSC’s legacy spans 400 years. It is known for crafting handmade, 100% natural soap with olive oil as a key ingredient. As of November 2023, NSC has successfully expanded its exports to more than 72 countries. Despite this achievement, the company faces significant challenges due to various restrictions, particularly those imposed by occupying forces. The case study provides insights into NSC’s international expansion challenges, guiding students in understanding how institutional voids in potential expansion destinations impact market entry decisions. It encourages them to identify these voids select appropriate markets and formulate strategies to leverage NSC’s global expansion potential.

Complexity academic level
This case study is suitable for undergraduate- or postgraduate-level students.

Supplementary materials
Teaching notes are available for educators only.

Subject code
CSS 5: International business.
Digital technologies usage for SMEs businesses’ continuity in developing countries amidst COVID-19 pandemic: technology strategies and associated challenges in Tanzania
Authors: Katalla Rebecca John , Masele Juma James 
Published: November 2024

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to gain empirical insights into the prevalence of usage of digital technologies and strategies that were deployed by small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in the service sector during the COVID-19 pandemic, the extent of their usage and how they were integrated in the SMEs business to ensure their survival against the restrictive measures of COVID-19 containment. Furthermore, this study shades the light on challenges SMEs faced in the course to sustain their business.

Design/methodology/approach
Using a cross-sectional descriptive research design, a structured questionnaire was used to collect data from 120 SME managers in Dar es Salaam city. A response rate was 100 respondents, equivalent to 83% of the targeted sample size of 120. A simple random sampling was used. The collected data was analyzed descriptively.

Findings
The findings indicate that there was satisfactory level of digital technology integration for SMEs in Tanzania but not sufficient enough to ensure sustainability during pandemic. SMEs are urged to be prepared and acquaint themselves on the digitalization aspects for their business continuity. To make it easier for SMEs to embrace digitalization, technology manufacturers are urged to consider making digital technologies tailored made to fit the SMEs’ context. The study recommends for government support in terms of financial aid and education to enhance SMEs’ ability toward digitalization.

Originality/value
This study is of its own kind documenting the strategies and associated challenges the SMEs faced in the pursuit to sustain their businesses amid the COVID-19 pandemic. It thus advances mechanisms that SMEs may use to expand their business beyond their physical localities using digital technologies.
“I am sorry for judging you”: conceptualizing sentiment reversal among followers in case of falsely alleged social media influencer transgression
Authors: Sengupta Ishaan , Jain Kokil , Kar Arpan Kumar , Sharma Isha 
Published: November 2024

PurposeInfluencer transgressions can disappoint their followers. However, there is a lack of clarity about the effects of a false allegation on an influencer–follower relationship. Drawing from cognitive dissonance and moral reasoning theory, the current study aims to examine how this relationship is shaped across three time periods (before the allegation is leveled, after the allegation is leveled, and when the allegation is found to be baseless).Design/methodology/approachWe study comments posted by followers of two falsely alleged social media influencers (SMI) on their YouTube and Instagram channels. Latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) followed by netnography is used for thematic analysis. LDA is a social media topic modeling method that processes a statistically representative set of words to explain the tone and tenor of qualitative conversations. A sentiment analysis of the comments is done using SentiStrength.FindingsWhen an allegation is leveled initially, the response from followers is overwhelmingly negative toward the influencer owing to moral coupling. However, when the allegations are proven to be false, the followers return to a positive opinion of the influencer, owing to feelings of dissonance and guilt.Practical implicationsThe study contributes to the fields of influencer marketing, cognitive dissonance and moral reasoning. It highlights how endorsers can take advantage of the positive sentiment that arises once an accused SMI’s transgression is proven false.Originality/valueThis study introduces the concept of “Sentiment Reversal,” which is exhibited in the social media space. In this phenomenon, sentiments move from negative to positive toward the falsely accused SMI as they are vindicated of the previous charge.
An efficient single-shot global localization method for indoor mobile robots usingphase correlation
Authors: Du Song , Chen Tao , Wu Yijie 
Published: November 2024

Purpose
The purposes of this paper are to solve the low-efficiency problem caused by large search space in global localization and develop an efficient global localization method requiring only one 2D-LiDAR scan to match against the prior map for indoor mobile robots.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper solves the global localization problem using phase correlation as the underlying registration method. To obtain accurate rotation parameter, this paper exhaustively pre-rotates the prior map by a certain angle stride in advance. Then the input scan is matched against the pre-rotated maps one by one using phase correlation to determine translation parameters, and this paper constructs an orientation histogram by the correlation coefficients. The map rotation angle and corresponding translation parameters of the maximal peak value in the orientation histogram constitute the global pose. This paper applies a divide-and-conquer method to reduce the time consumption of single phase correlation and determines promising angle ranges where the maximal peak value may appear based on the periodicity of 90º in the orientation histogram with the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) to reduce execution times of phase correlation.

Findings
Both simulated and real experimental results reveal that the proposed method achieves a high enough success rate and efficient (processing time in a second) global localization.

Originality/value
The proposed method constructs an orientation histogram to improve the global localization success rate and applies a divide-and-conquer method with SNR to improve efficiency, which will benefit the indoor mobile robots equipped with 2D-LiDAR.
Impact of improved cassava cultivars on income generation and food security of women farmers in Mkuranga district, Tanzania
Authors: George William 
Published: November 2024

PurposeThe study was conducted to investigate the impact of improved cassava cultivars on income generation and food security status of women farmers in Tanzania.Design/methodology/approachData were collected from 300 respondents (150 with improved cassava cultivars and 150 without) who were selected using purposive and random sampling techniques. Double Difference, Descriptive Statistics were the analytical tools. The Cost-of-Calorie Index was used to measure food security status of the respondents.FindingsResults show that Double Difference estimates indicated that the annual income of the women farmers with improved cassava cultivars increased by TZS 143,495.20 which was higher than that of the women farmers without improved cassava cultivars which increased by only TZS 58,500. There was a positive impact on income as a result of using the improved cassava cultivars. The Cost-of-Calorie Index showed that the food security line per adult equivalent per month was TZS 2,743.81 and TZS 2,076.69 for farmers with and without improved cassava cultivars respectively. About 66% of the women farmers with improved cassava cultivars and 33% of the women farmers without improved cassava cultivars were food secure. Policies should be formulated to encourage women farmers to adopt and sustain the use of improved cultivars of cassava.Research limitations/implicationsThe research may be limited by its scope and generalizability, as it focuses on a specific geographic area (Mkuranga District) and demographic group (women farmers).Social implicationsThe study shed light on the role of agricultural interventions in empowering women economically and enhancing their food security, potentially leading to improved social status and decision-making power within their households and communities.Originality/valueThe study contributes to the existing body of knowledge by emphasizing the benefits for women farmers when using improved cassava cultivars for income generation and food sufficiency.
Service evaluation of a training initiative in participatory practice with children and young people for early help professionals
Authors: Martin Bernadette , Fox Julie , Archard Philip John , Lucas Steven , Susi Karima , O’Reilly Michelle 
Published: November 2024

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to report findings from a service evaluation of a training initiative in participatory practice with children and young people (CYP) for early help (EH) professionals. The training was based on the Lundy model of child participation.

Design/methodology/approach
A questionnaire-based survey was undertaken of staff completing the training. Within the sample of professionals surveyed, various work contexts were represented.

Findings
Reported benefits arising from the training included increased understanding of the utility of the tenets of the Lundy model, as well as changes in practice with CYP. Barriers and issues encountered in seeking to work in a participatory way were identified in relation to time for relationship-building, resources and interprofessional and interagency working.

Originality/value
The evaluation findings provide insight into ways training in participatory practice with CYP is experienced by EH professionals. The role of networks of practitioner champions in influencing participatory practice is also addressed, as well as the interface between participatory and relationship-based practice.