bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preservation of Microorganisms (Chroococcidiopsis sp. 029) in Salt Minerals under Low Atmospheric Pressure: Application to Life Detection on Mars
Authors: Fang Ziyao , Knoll Pamela , McMahon Sean , Qin Liping , Cockell Charles S. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Salt minerals on Mars represent a promising target for investigating potential past surface and subsurface life. Terrestrial salt minerals have been shown to incorporate microorganisms within crystals. However, the effect of Mars’s low atmospheric pressure on the preservation of microorganisms in salt minerals during their formation remains unclear. Here we investigated the interactions between microorganisms (Chroococcidiopsis sp. 029) and crystals of halite (NaCl), epsomite (MgSO4·7H2O), and gypsum (CaSO4·2H2O) during the rapid evaporation of brines under simulated Martian atmospheric pressure. Parallel experiments were conducted under terrestrial pressure for comparison. Halite, epsomite, and gypsum formed under both terrestrial and low-pressure conditions, though crystal morphologies varied depending on the pressure. Microorganisms were identified within fluid inclusions or as solid inclusions in the crystal matrix. Halite crystals exhibited a greater propensity to incorporate cells under low pressure compared to terrestrial pressure, while the entrapment of cells in epsomite was similar under both conditions. In contrast, significantly fewer cells were trapped in gypsum crystals under low pressure. The results demonstrate the feasibility of cell entrapment in salt minerals formed by rapid evaporation under low-pressure conditions on Mars, and atmospheric pressure exerts distinct influences on different types of salts. The variation in fluid inclusion size in halite under different pressures even shows promise as a possible paleobarometer. Our findings suggest that halite is the most promising candidate for preserving potential Martian life and could be an excellent target for future Mars sample return missions.
YouTube as a Source of Knowledge for Childhood Glaucoma
Authors: Khodeiry Mohamed M. , Dihan Qais A. , Eleiwa Taher K. , Hassan Amr K. , Hassan Mohamed A. , Kornhauser Tom , Sayed Mohamed S. , Elhusseiny Abdelrahman M. 
Published: December 2024

Purpose
To evaluate the quality and reliability of patient-targeted videos about childhood glaucoma on the YouTube platform.

Methods

On March 1, 2024, a search was performed on YouTube (
www.youtube.com
) using the keywords “Infantile glaucoma,” “childhood glaucoma,” “paediatric glaucoma,” “congenital glaucoma,” “juvenile glaucoma,” “buphthalmos,” and “pediatric glaucoma.” For each video, the time since the upload date (days), duration of the videos (minutes), number of likes, dislikes, and comments, the view ratio (number of views/time since the upload date), like ratio (likes × 100) / (likes+dislikes), view power index ([like ratio × view ratio] / 100), and upload source (whether it was uploaded by medical organization versus uploaded by patients or commercial organization) were recorded. Two independent reviewers blindly evaluated the patient-targeted videos using DISCERN, the
Journal of American Medical Association
(JAMA), and the Global Quality Score (GQS) criteria.

Results
Twenty-five videos were analyzed, and 19 (64%) of them were uploaded by physicians or medical organizations. The overall median (interquartile range) scores for DISCERN, JAMA, and GQS criteria were 2.5 (1.8 to 3.0), 2.5 (2.0 to 2.5), and 3.5 (2.5 to 4.0), respectively. No significant differences in scoring were noted between the two reviewers. The duration of the videos was significantly correlated with the GQS; however, no other video parameters were correlated to the quality scorings.

Conclusions
YouTube videos of patient education about childhood glaucoma were of moderate quality and reliability.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 20XX;X(X):XXX–XXX.]
Surveying Largemouth Bass Harvest Preferences in Two Small Fishing Impoundments in South Carolina
Authors: Landwehr Cody , Fulton Mark 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This project used angler survey results to determine Largemouth Bass Micropterus nigricans harvest preferences, as well as anglers’ attitudes toward management in two small fishing impoundments. Our objective was to compare anglers’ preferred Largemouth Bass harvest lengths to proportional size distribution (PSD) advised management harvest lengths to provide theoretical management recommendations regarding harvest and predator–prey population dynamics. We collected survey submissions at Lancaster Reservoir and Lake Oliphant in north central South Carolina, questioning anglers regarding harvest preferences, attitude, angling effort, demographic profile, and possible recommendations to fisheries managers. We used Fisher’s exact test to compare results between impoundments and Pearson’s χ2 test to find differences between all submitted responses. Using Kruskal–Wallis tests, we related angling effort to categorical responses. In total, we recorded 82 angler survey submissions. We found no significant differences between impoundments regarding preferred trophy bass length, reason for fishing, regulation support, and whether the angler harvested Largemouth Bass. The majority of anglers at both impoundments responded that they would never harvest Largemouth Bass. We found a significant difference between impoundments regarding targeted species, with the majority (45%) of anglers at Lancaster Reservoir targeting anything that would bite and the majority (53%) of anglers at Lake Oliphant targeting Largemouth Bass. Lancaster Reservoir PSD values aligned with a trophy bass management strategy, whereas Lake Oliphant PSD values fit a balanced management strategy. Anglers’ preferences and attitudes showed minimal differences between surveyed impoundments. Survey results suggested inadequate amounts of Largemouth Bass harvest at both impoundments. Although a lack of harvest falls within the management plan for Lancaster Reservoir, it does not for Lake Oliphant, according to prior PSD calculations. Low harvest rates coupled with a PSD score within the balanced management quadrant suggest Lake Oliphant is at risk of becoming bass crowded.
Pour une prise en compte en secteur Lansad des compétences transversales valorisées dans la sphère professionnelle : d’une modélisation à une mise en œuvre
Authors: Brudermann Cédric , Zoghlami Naouel , Grosbois Muriel 
Published: December 2024

Tandis qu’un paradigme axé sur l’acquisition de compétences est à l’œuvre dans la sphère éducative, sur le marché du travail, les besoins des professionnels changent et les critères d’employabilité tendent à accorder aux compétences transversales un intérêt grandissant. Pour apporter des éléments de réponse à ces évolutions, une reconsidération des formations proposées en secteur Lansad nous semble nécessaire. Quelle articulation entre mondes académique et professionnel envisager alors ? Après analyse des implications que les mutations en cours peuvent engendrer dans le secteur Lansad, nous suggérons que les offres de formation qui en relèvent soient réévaluées à partir d’une « relation transductive », entendue comme une mise en synergie de trois pôles indissociables : compétences transversales, langues-cultures, savoirs disciplinaires. S’ensuit un exemple d’opérationnalisation de cette relation dans un dispositif d’anglais pour un public d’adultes en formation tout au long de la vie. Nous concluons par une discussion autour des possibles évolutions du secteur Lansad pour répondre aux besoins de professionnalisation induits par les changements sociétaux en cours.
Compétences en langues dans les cursus universitaires : les valoriser et caractériser leurs situations développementales
Authors: Loisy Catherine 
Published: December 2024

La demande des politiques de l’éducation supérieure en Europe aujourd’hui est de soutenir le développement des compétences dans les cycles universitaires. Cet article interroge ce que peut apporter un modèle développemental de la compétence pour penser les cursus de formations professionnalisantes intégrant les compétences en langues étrangères : d’une part, il met en évidence les différentes dimensions à mettre au travail pour soutenir la construction des compétences ; d’autre part, il souligne l’intérêt qu’il y a à ne pas penser une compétence isolément, mais dans un projet de formation. L’article propose ensuite une contextualisation, aux langues étrangères, de travaux menés sur la difficulté à faire reconnaitre des compétences liées à des disciplines qui ne sont pas au cœur du métier dans un cursus professionnalisant. Il se conclut par une vision holistique de la pédagogie universitaire qui permet de cibler de potentiels freins et leviers.
Le CRL, espace d’apprentissage « sauvage » pour les langues ? Constantes et évolutions pour accompagner l’autonomisation des apprenants
Authors: Rivens Mompean Annick 
Published: December 2024

Les Centres de Ressources en Langues (CRL) se sont transformés au fil du temps, du fait de l’évolution des directives institutionnelles, des technologies ou encore des préconisations didactiques valorisant davantage les méthodologies d’apprentissage et la réflexivité, par ailleurs au cœur des CRL depuis leurs débuts. Pour autant, existe-t-il un modèle standard de structuration des Centres de Langues (CL) et des CRL à l’échelle tant nationale qu’internationale, et quels en seraient les principes fondateurs ? Comment trouver de la régularité dans la diversité et dans l’évolution inhérente au dispositif ? À partir d’un modèle explicatif, quelles sont les évolutions constatées à l’heure où apprentissages formels et informels s’entrelacent, à quel niveau cela se produit-il et quelles sont les valeurs constantes qui restent ? Ces questions permettent de relire le modèle, de façon non pas prédictive ou prescriptive, mais de façon explicative et contextualisée. De nouvelles pistes pour appréhender la diversité et l’unité seront proposées, pour que le concept de CRL puisse être défini, dans une visée structurante, sans pour autant être appauvri par une représentation formatée et réductrice.
My Name is Sydney. Étude de cas d’un continuum d’apprentissage/appropriation informel de l’anglais du collège à l’université : la notion d’autonomie à la lumière des « infogrammes »
Authors: Perrot Laurent 
Published: December 2024

Cet article présente une étude de cas du parcours informel d’apprentissage/appropriation de l’anglais par une étudiante de Licence 2 en secteur Lansad. Dans le cadre d’une théorie de la complexité appliquée tant à l’enseignement/apprentissage des langues qu’aux dispositifs CL/CRL, nous proposons une étude longitudinale des pratiques informelles de cette étudiante du collège à l’université. Au fil de visualisations de ce parcours autodirigé par le biais de ce que nous nommons des « infogrammes », nous abordons des problématiques propres au secteur d’enseignement des langues au niveau universitaire. Nous tentons d’y apporter un éclairage original issu du domaine de recherche émergent que constituent les apprentissages informels des langues en France. Le construit de l’autonomie, la place à donner aux savoirs expérientiels préalables à l’arrivée en CL et l’importance d’une articulation entre recherche en didactique et pratiques de terrain font notamment l’objet d’une réflexion particulière.
Paulo Leminski : fabriquer une poésie à la portée de tout le monde
Authors: Cámara Mario 
Published: December 2024

Cet article propose une lecture en trois axes du projet poétique de Paulo Leminski. Il s'intéresse d’abord à la recherche par le poète d’une articulation entre l'expérimentation et la discipline proposées par les poètes concrets (Haroldo de Campos, Augusto de Campos et Décio Pignatari) et par la proposition pop et contre-culturelle du mouvement musical tropicaliste (Caetano Veloso et Gilberto Gil, notamment). Ensuite, il soutient que Leminski tire cette articulation de la forme du « haïku » et du « post-haïku », une forme poétique qui lui permet de conjuguer rigueur et contre-culture. Enfin, c’est l’héritage laissé par Leminski dans le temps présent qui est examiné en prenant en compte ce que son travail évoque.
Douleurs à la dérive, mémoriaux en marge des initiatives officielles
Authors: Meneguello Cristina 
Published: December 2024

Tout au long du XXe siècle, inspirés par le concept éthique et historiographique du « Devoir de mémoire », les mémoriaux ont émergé en réponse à des revendications politiques issues d’un passé négatif, passant du paradigme de la commémoration à celui de la mémoire des horreurs des conflits, génocides, actes de violence et atteintes aux droits de l'homme. Toutefois, d'autres démarches, moins explicites, coexistent en marge des initiatives plus connues soutenues par l'État ou par la société civile organisée : il s’agit des « mémoriaux spontanés » nés de la volonté de mémoire de certains groupes spécifiques (parents, rescapés), qui deviennent des mémoriaux des douleurs et des traumas. En quête de responsabilisation et de réparation, leur but est de marquer les lieux qui ont été le théâtre d'événements tragiques et assimilés, officiellement, à des « accidents ». Dans cet article, j’étudie la conception et la réalisation du Mémorial érigé après l'incendie survenu en août 2004 dans le supermarché Ycuá Bolaños à Asunción, au Paraguay, qui a entraîné la mort de 400 personnes. Cet événement a suscité des réflexions sur les lieux de conscience et de renouvellement urbain et l'article décrit les étapes de la préparation et de la construction du Mémorial 1-A. Au-delà des réactions les plus immédiates dans des situations similaires comme celles survenues en Argentine (l'incendie de la discothèque República Cromañón en 2004) et, au Brésil (l'incendie de la discothèque Kiss, à Santa Maria, Rio Grande du Sud en 2013), ce qui s'est passé invite à réfléchir à un élargissement du concept même de Mémorial.
Sandwich Technique and Amniotic Membrane Transplantation as an Effective Method in Repairing Corneal Perforations
Authors: Ciftci Mukaddes D. , Selver Ozlem B. 
Published: December 2024

PURPOSE:
To evaluate effectiveness of human amniotic membrane (hAM) transplantation in patients with nontraumatic corneal perforation.

METHODS:
This retrospective chart review included the patients who underwent hAM transplantation with sandwich technique between March 2020 and January 2023 at Ege University Hospital, Turkey. Medical records of the patients including demographic data, best-corrected visual acuity that was measured with Snellen chart, detailed ophthalmological examination, and the need for additional surgical intervention after hAM transplantation were evaluated. Complications and anatomical and functional results were presented.

RESULTS:
A total 9 eyes of 9 patients with nontraumatic corneal perforations were evaluated between 2020 and 2023. Size of perforation was ≤3 mm in all the eyes. The mean age of the patients was 67.77 ± 15.52. Female-to-male ratio was 1/8. Sandwich technique was used in all patients for hAM transplantation. Five (55.55%) cases had infectious etiology and 4 (44.44%) of them had inflammatory etiology. Of the infectious corneal perforations, 3 (33.33%) were herpes simplex virus-induced neurotrophic keratopathy and 2 (22.22%) were bacterial keratitis. The mean residence time of the amniotic membrane on the ocular surface was 21 ± 8.05 days. Tectonic keratoplasty was needed in 1 (11.11%) eye. Corneal patch grafting was required in 1 (11.11%) eye. Evisceration was performed in 1 (11.11%) eye of a patient with no light perception who had no visual prognosis. Amniotic membrane detachment was observed in one patient as a surgical-related complication associated with hAM transplantation.

CONCLUSION:
hAM transplantation is one of the successful treatment methods in treatment of relatively small corneal perforation. Considering the difficulty of finding a donor cornea and the easier access to the amniotic membrane, it seems like a good alternative treatment to reduce or postpone the need for tectonic keratoplasty.
Validation of an Artificial Intelligence-based Tool – The Screening Corneal Objective Risk of Ectasia Integrated into Anterion for Detection of Corneal Ectasia/Risk of Ectasia
Authors: Raju Ramya S. , Raju C. V. Gopal 
Published: December 2024

PURPOSE:
The purpose of this study was to validate the artificial intelligence-based Screening Corneal Objective Risk of Ectasia (SCORE) for the detection of corneal ectasia/risk of ectasia and to find the mean SCORE value in normal eyes.

METHODS:
This prospective observational study included 320 eyes of 160 patients undergoing screening for refractive surgery and keratoconus. All were subjected to Anterion (Heidelberg, Germany) corneal tomography. The maps were read by trained cornea specialists masked with respect to system-generated SCORE. The SCORE values were retrieved by another masked observer. The SCORE was labeled true positive if the eye was tomographically positive for ectasia/ risk of ectasia with or without clinical evidence of ectasia (i.e., clinician’s diagnosis as ectasia/ risk of ectasia) and SCORE was >/=0. The SCORE test was labeled as true negative if all the maps were normal and SCORE was <0. A false-positive test was where the eye was normal but SCORE was ≥0. A false-negative test was one tomographically there was definite evidence of ectasia/ risk; with or without clinical evidence of ectasia (i.e.,clinician's diagnosis as ectasia/ at risk of ectasia) but SCORE was <0. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) were calculated.

RESULTS:
The mean SCORE in normal eyes was −0.7 ± 0.6. Sensitivity was 83.3% and specificity was 80%. PPV and NPV were 46% and 96% respectively. In the keratoconus subgroup, specificity and PPV were 100%; sensitivity was 79% and NPV was 76.3%.

CONCLUSION:
SCORE in Anterion has moderate sensitivity and specificity for detection of ectasia/risk of ectasia. It performs best in the detection of corneal ectasia. It needs to be interpreted with caution.
Evaluation of OCTA-based Parameters in Full-thickness Macular Holes: A Prospective, Comparative, Interventional Study
Authors: Das Kalishankar , Bhunia Jit , Ganguly Purban , Ghosh Asim K. , Chatterjee Debadyuti , Bepari Sounak , Ayub Asif 
Published: December 2024

PURPOSE:
This study aims to correlate optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA)-based retinal microvasculature changes in cases of full-thickness macular hole (FTMH) before and after vitreoretinal surgery and its relation to patient’s visual recovery.

METHODS:
Data of 31 eyes with FTMH were evaluated preoperatively and post-operatively at 6, 12, and 24 weeks for OCTA parameters and compared.

RESULTS:
93.55% eyes (29 eyes) showed improvement in best-corrected visual acuity at 24 weeks. The mean foveal avascular zone (FAZ) significantly reduced from 0.41 ± 0.13 mm2 (preoperatively) to 0.25 ± 0.01 mm2 (postoperatively at 24 weeks). Mean preoperative vessel density (VD) in the superficial vascular plexus (SVP) progressively improved to 24.2% ± 2.2%, 25.2% ± 2.1% and 25.8% ± 2.3% at 6, 12, and 24 weeks respectively from 24.4% ± 2.1% preoperatively (P = 0.0, F = 5.1). The mean VD of foveal region in the SVP significantly improved (P < 0.0, F = 13.9) while that of the parafoveal region did not improve at 24 weeks (P = 0.3, F = 1.2) when compared with its preoperative status. The mean preoperative VD in the deep vascular plexus (DVP) was 20.2% ± 2.6%. It significantly improved at 6, 12, and 24 weeks (20.3% ± 2.4%, 21.8% ± 2.3% and 22.1% ± 2.2%, respectively; P = 0.0, F = 6.9). The mean VD of foveal region and parafoveal region in the DVP showed significant improvement when compared with its preoperative status (P < 0.0, F = 39.3, P < 0.0, F = 13.7).

CONCLUSION:
This study showed reduction in mean FAZ area and improvement in mean VD at SVP and DVP in the macula postoperatively. Routine perioperative OCTA-based documentation of macular vascularity in FTMH may throw a light in cases with anatomico-functional postoperative disparities in future.
Safety Assessment RP188 Genetically Modified Soybean A5547-127
Authors:   Food Standards Agency,   Food Standards Scotland
Published: December 2024

Following the submission of application RP188 to the Food Standards Agency (FSA) under assimilated Regulation (EC) No. 1829/2003 from BASF Plc (United Kingdom), FSA/FSS (Food Standards Scotland) have undertaken a safety assessment on genetically modified soybean A5547-127. To support the safety assessment by FSA/FSS, the Advisory Committee on Novel Foods and Processes (ACNFP) provided advice to FSA/FSS on the data submitted for the renewal of authorisation for the genetically modified soybean A5547-127, as outlined in this document. The advice of the ACNFP has been taken into account in this safety assessment which represents the opinion of FSA/FSS on the safety of genetically modified soybean A5547-127. Soybean A5547-127 is modified to express the PAT (phosphinothricin acetyltransferase) protein from the soil bacteria Streptomyces viridochromogenes to confer resistance to glufosinate ammonium herbicide. The PAT protein prevents glufosinate ammonium herbicide from inhibiting the glutamate synthase enzyme, which is essential for nitrogen metabolism in plants. Soybean A5547-127 has previously been authorised for food and feed uses and is most commonly used as a source of protein in animal feed. The scope of this application is for the renewal of the authorisation for placing on the market of products containing, consisting of, or produced from genetically modified soybean A5547-127. This includes food, feed, and products other than food or feed. The application does not cover cultivation and therefore no soybean A5547-127 will be grown in the UK. In providing its advice on the safety of soybean A5547-127 for food and feed, the ACNFP considered data provided as part of application RP188 (post-market environmental monitoring reports, evaluation of systematic literature searches, additional studies performed by or on behalf of the applicant, and updated bioinformatics analyses), additional information provided by the applicant, and analyses and reports from outside contractors. The ACNFP assessed these data for possible new hazards, modified exposures, or new scientific uncertainties identified during the authorisation period and not previously assessed in the context of the original application (EFSA GMO Panel 2011). FSA/FSS concludes, based on ACNFP advice, that there is no evidence in the renewal application RP188 of new hazards, modified exposures, or new scientific uncertainties that would change the conclusions of the original risk assessment of genetically modified soybean A5547-127 (EFSA GMO Panel 2011).