bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Maternal and Fetal outcomes of Cesarean Delivery and factors associated with its unfavorable management outcomes; In Ayder Specialized Comprehensive Hospital, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia, 2017
Authors: mengesha Meresa Berwo , Adhanu Hadgay Hagos , weldegeorges Desta Abraha , Assefa Natnael Etsay , werid Woldu mammo , weldemariam Mulu Gebretsadik , welay fissaha tekulu , Hidru Hagos Degefa , Gebru Tesfay tsegay 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Abstract
Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the unfavorable outcomes and to assess factors contribute for the unfavorable management outcomes after caesarean deliveries in Ayder Specialized Comprehensive Hospital, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia, 2017.
Results: The unfavorable maternal management outcomes were Adhesion 28(8.3%), excessive blood loss and blood transfusion 19(5.6%), caesarean hysterectomy 10(3%), relaparotomy 5(1.5%), wound infection and wound dehiscence 23(6.8%).Unfavorable fetal outcomes were were still birth 9(2.6%), early neonatal death 8(2.4%), low birth weight 58(17.2%). Women’s who did not booked for Antenatal Care and having history of previous Caesarean delivery were found to be associated with unfavorable maternal outcomes and indications of Caesarean delivery as obstructed labor was associated with unfavorable fetal outcomes.
Key words: caesarean delivery, fetal outcomes, maternal outcomes.
Detection of Early Adenocarcinoma of the Esophagogastric Junction by Spraying an Enzyme-Activatable Fluorescent Probe Targeting Dipeptidyl Peptidase-IV
Authors: Yamamoto Keiko , Ohnishi Shunsuke , Mizushima Takeshi , Kodaira Junichi , Ono Masayoshi , Hatanaka Yutaka , Hatanaka Kanako , Kuriki Yugo , Kamiya Mako , Ehira Nobuyuki , Shinada Keisuke , Takahashi Hiroaki , Shimizu Yuichi , Urano Yasuteru , Sakamoto Naoya 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background: It is still difficult to detect and diagnose early adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction (EGJ) using conventional endoscopy or image-enhanced endoscopy. A glutamylprolyl hydroxymethyl rhodamine green (EP-HMRG) fluorescent probe that can be enzymatically activated to become fluorescent after the cleavage of a dipeptidyl peptidase (DPP)-IV-specific sequence has been developed and is reported to be useful for the detection of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck, and esophagus; however, there is a lack of studies that focuses on detecting EGJ adenocarcinoma by fluorescence molecular imaging. Therefore, we investigated the visualization of early EGJ adenocarcinoma by applying EP-HMRG and using clinical samples resected by endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD).
Methods: Fluorescence imaging with EP-HMRG was performed in 21 clinical samples resected by ESD, and the fluorescence intensity of the tumor and non-tumor regions of interest was prospectively measured. Immunohistochemistry was also performed to determine the expression of DPP-IV.
Results: Fluorescence imaging of the clinical samples showed that the tumor lesions were visualized within a few minutes after the application of EP-HMRG, with a sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 85.7%, 85.7%, and 85.7%, respectively. However, tumors with a background of intestinal metaplasia did not have a sufficient contrast-to-background ratio since complete intestinal metaplasia also expresses DPP-IV. Immunohistochemistry measurements revealed that all fluorescent tumor lesions expressed DPP-IV.
Conclusions: Fluorescence imaging with EP-HMRG could be useful for the detection of early EGJ adenocarcinoma lesions that do not have a background of intestinal metaplasia.
Using the anterior capsule of the hip joint to protect the tensor fascia lata muscle during direct anterior total hip arthroplasty: a randomized prospective trial
Authors: Zhao Gongyin , Zhu Ruixia , Jiang Shijie , Xu Nanwei , Bao Hongwei , Wang Yuji 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background The direct anterior approach for total hip arthroplasty (THA) has specific advantages, but injury to the tensor fasciae lata muscle (TFLM) remains a concern. This injury in part negates some of the advantages of the intermuscular approach, because injury of the muscle fibers of the TFLM can lead to less satisfactory clinical results. Thus, in this study, we propose an intraoperative method to protect the TFLM and demonstrate its feasibility.Methods Fifty-six patients undergoing THA by the direct anterior approach were divided randomly into two groups. In group A, the TFLM was protected by an autogenous tissue “pad” created from the anterior capsule of the joint that was rotated to protect the TFLM from direct contact with the retractors needed to expose the joint space. In group B, the operation was carried out in the typical fashion with no other protection of the TFLM except the attempt by the surgeons to consciously avoid compressive injury of the TFLM. We evaluated the magnitude of changes in the muscle cross-sectional area (MSCA) and fatty atrophy (FA) early and postoperatively between groups by magnetic resonance imaging. The differences in blood hemoglobin and serum levels of myoglobin, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and creatine phosphokinase (CPK) were compared at 8, 24, and 48 h, postoperatively. Postoperative drainage volume and pain evaluated by visual analogue scores (VAS) were compared between the two groups.Results LDH, CPK and myoglobin in group B were significantly higher than those in group A at 8, 24, and 48 hours after the surgery. (p<0.05) Compared to the group A, the decrease of hemoglobin in group B displayed significantly at 24 and 48 hours after surgery. (P<0.05) The significantly increased MSCA and FA of TFLM were demonstrated in group B. The PDV and VAS in group B were significantly higher compared with those in group A. (P<0.05)Conclusions Using the anterior capsule of the hip joint as an autogenous, protective capsular tissue pad to limit the trauma to the TFLM during a direct anterior approach to THA is an effective method to protect the TFLM and improve the clinical effect.
Overexpression of GNB2L1 is associated with poor prognosis in cervical cancer patients
Authors: Ma Jun Qi , Xu Li-Xiu , Tuerxun Hatila , Xirenbai Talaitiguli , Hasim Ayshamgul 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background: Among women, cervical cancer (CC) is the fourth most prevalent cancer worldwide. Multiple bio-makers have been identified for tumor diagnosis and prognosis. However, no single bio-maker for CC detection exists that is both highly sensitive and specific. In this report, we explored the role of guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit beta-2-like 1 (GNB2L1) in CC progression in Uyghur women. Methods: In the present study, 132 patients with cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC), 56 cases with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) were enrolled. GNB2L1 mRNA and protein expression levels were analyzed in CSCC, CIN, and normal cervical (NC) tissues and in CC cell lines using qRT-PCR, western blot, and immunohistochemistry. Stable GNB2L1-knockdown CC cells (shGNB2L1) were also created and lipid accumulation was measured with Oil Red O staining. Additionally, changes in GNB2L1 gene copy number were investigated with qRT-PCR and sequencing. A gene regulatory network was constructed using the STRING database. Finally, patient survival was assessed with Kaplan‑Meier and log-rank tests. Results: Our results indicated that GNB2L1 mRNA and protein are overexpressed in CSCC tumor tissues when compared to CIN and NC tissues. GNB2L1 expression was associated with the degree of cell differentiation (P = 0.001), lymph node metastasis (P = 0.049), and the clinical stage (P = 0.017). Oil Red O staining showed that lipid levels were lower in shGNB2L1 cells, and that GNB2L1 DNA copy number in CC tissues (29,7200 ± 9,815.061) was significantly higher when compared to NC tissues (19,5100 ± 5,676.392 [T=-2.770, P = 0.009]). Furthermore, patients with CSCC and high GNB2L1 expression demonstrated shorter overall survival times when compared to patients with low GNB2L1 expression (P = 0.002). Multivariate analysis indicated that GNB2L1 overexpression is an indepen­dent prognostic factor in patients with CSCC. Conclusions: Overexpression of GNB2L1 may contribute to tumor progression; therefore, it is a potential prognostic biomarker for CSCC patients.
Does anemia risk for pre-eclampsia? A multi-center, Case control study in Amhara region, Ethiopia.
Authors: Getu Almaz Aklilu , Fikadu Gedefawe Abeje , Yenesew Muluken Azage , Getie Simegnew Asmer 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Objective This study aimed to identify determinants of preeclampsia among women visiting referral hospitals in Amhara region. A hospital-based unmatched case-control study was conducted from February 20, 2016 to May 18, 2016 among 871 women visiting West Amhara referral hospital for prenatal care.Result Advanced age (>35 years) [AOR (95%CI), 3.09(1.80-3.35), being primigravidae [AOR (95%CI), 2.32 (1.61–3.35) family history of hypertension [AOR (95%CI), 4.31 (2.37–7.85)], twin pregnancy [AOR 95%CI, 3.53(1.77–7.06)], and Anemia [AOR (95%CI) = 1.49 (1.06– 2.1)] were determinants of preeclampsia.
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation training for schoolchildren and its effects on their prosocial behavior and knowledge: Mixed methods research design
Authors: Pivač Sanela , Gradišek Primož , Skela-Savič Brigita 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background: The benefits of cardiopulmonary resuscitation training for schoolchildren are well known, but the appropriate age for introducing training is still being discussed. This is a very important issue, since out-of-hospital cardiac arrest is a major public health concern. The objective of this study is to investigate the effects of implemented cardiopulmonary resuscitation training on the knowledge and prosocial behavior of children in the last three grades of Slovenian elementary schools, and to identify the experience of training instructors. Methods: A mixed methods research design was employed, using a cohort study with testing before and after training, and focus groups. Research was conducted in 15 Slovenian elementary schools offering cardiopulmonary resuscitation training. Focus groups included training instructors and developers. Data was collected with a structured questionnaire from April to June 2018 and analyzed using univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analyses. The three focus groups were convened in September and October 2018. Content analysis of the discussion transcriptions was conducted. The sample included 764 schoolchildren aged 12.5–14.5 years before cardiopulmonary resuscitation training and 566 schoolchildren after training. Three non-homogeneous focus groups included eight cardiopulmonary resuscitation instructors. Results: Significant progress in knowledge was noted after training implementation, with the greatest progress seen in the youngest age group (mean age 12.5). Male gender increased the level of self-confidence (β=0.114; p=0.007). Cardiopulmonary resuscitation knowledge influenced helping behavior (β=0.111; p=0.008), while internal motivation to help others was influenced by age (β=0.116; p=0.006) and level of knowledge (β=0.111; p=0.008). Analysis of the focus groups yielded two themes: (a) the effects of cardiopulmonary resuscitation training on schoolchildren, and (b) the systemic responsibility of the school system and professional bodies. Conclusions: Significant progress in schoolchildren’s cardiopulmonary resuscitation knowledge after training was established. Early introduction of training is recommended. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation knowledge influences the development of schoolchildren’s prosocial behavior, as it raises awareness of the responsibility to help others and increases self-confidence to provide bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation. We can conclude that early Cardiopulmonary resuscitation training for children is crucial. It should be a mandatory part of school curricula in those countries where Cardiopulmonary resuscitation is not yet mandatory.
Familial autosomal recessive bestrophinopathy: identification of a novel variant in BEST1 gene and the specific metabolomic profile
Authors: Ye Panpan , Xu Jia , Luo Yueqiu , Su Zhitao , Yao Ke 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background Autosomal recessive bestrophinopathy (ARB) is a retinal degenerative disorder caused by BEST1 mutations with autosomal recessive inheritance. We aim to map a comprehensive genomic and metabolic profile of a consanguineous Chinese family with ARB.Methods Ophthalmic examinations were performed on affected patients with ARB. Target capture sequencing was performed to screen causative mutations in 256 known retinal disease genes and Sanger sequencing were used for verification. A UHPLC-MS/MS metabolomic analysis was performed to explore the disease-associated metabolic feature.Results Affected patients from this family are characterized by low vision, the presence of subretinal fluid, macular edema, and hyperopia with coincidental angle closure. DNA sequencing identified a novel missense mutation in BEST1 gene (chr11:61725867G>A) of the proband. Sanger sequencing further confirmed the mutation. The blood metabolic profiles were very similar among all family members probably due to the same life style, habitats and genomic background. However, ARB patients presented significant deregulation of metabolites such as Citric acid, L-Threonic acid, Eicosapentaenoic acid.Conclusions We identified a novel disease-associated variant in BEST1 gene as well as the disease-specific metabolic feature in familial ARB. The findings improved the understanding of mechanisms of ARB and provided a potential therapeutic strategy with application of metabolomics.
Gene Co-expression Networks Are Associated with Obesity-Related Traits in Kidney Transplant Recipients
Authors: Jaime-Lara Rosario B , Roy Abhrarup Abe , Wang Yupeng , Stanfill Ansley , Cashion Ann K , Joseph Paule 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background: Weight gain is often observed following kidney transplantation. Biological mediators of weight gain are not well understood in this population. Because subcutaneous adipose tissue can be easily obtained during kidney transplant surgery, it provides a unique avenue for studying the mechanisms of obesity for this group.Although differential gene expression patterns were previously profiled for kidney transplant patients, gene co-expression patterns can shed light on gene modules not yet explored on the coordinative behaviors of gene transcription in biological and disease processes.
Methods: In this study, we collected 29 demographic and clinical variables and matching microarray expression data for 26 kidney transplant patients. We conducted Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) for 5,758 genes with the highest average expression levels and related gene co-expression to clinical traits.
Results: A total of 35 co-expression modules were detected, seven of which showed association with clinical traits. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment was found for five clinical trait-associated modules. One module consisting of 129 genes was enriched for metabolic and immune processes. The genes within this module were associated with multiple obesity-related traits, and is consistent with findings of previous studies in other clinically obese populations.
Conclusions : Our study generatedgene coexpression modules associated with obesity-related traits in kidney transplant patients and provided new insights regarding the cellular biological processes underlying obesity.

Trial Registration: N/A

Keywords : co-expression modules, obesity, association, enrichment analysis, gene ontology, kidney transplant
Molecular detection and phylogenetic analysis of Lumpy skin disease virus from outbreaks in Uganda 2017-2018
Authors: Ochwo Sylvester , Vanderwaal Kimberly , Ndekezi Christian , Nkamwesiga Joseph , Munsey Anna , Witto Sarah Gift , Nantima Noelina , Mayanja Franklin , Okurut Anna Rose Ademun , Atuhaire David Kalenzi , Mwiine Frank Norbert 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is an infectious viral disease of cattle caused by a capripox virus. LSD has substantial economic implications, with infection resulting in permanent damage to the skin of affected animals which lowers their commercial value. In Uganda, LSD is endemic and cases of the disease are frequently reported to government authorities. This study was undertaken to molecularly characterize lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) strains that have been circulating in Uganda between 2017 and 2018. Secondly, the study aimed to determine the phylogenetic relatedness of Ugandan LSDV sequences with published sequences, available in GenBank.Results A total of 7 blood samples and 16 skin nodule biopsies were screened for LSDV using PCR to confirm presence of LSDV nucleic acid. PCR positive samples were then characterised by amplifying the GPCR gene. These amplified genes were sequenced and phylogenetic trees were constructed. Out of the 23 samples analysed, 15 were positive for LSDV by PCR (65.2%). The LSDV GPCR sequences analysed contained the unique signatures of LSDV (A11, T12, T34, S99, and P199) which further confirmed their identity. Sequence comparison with vaccine strains revealed a 12bp deletion unique to Ugandan outbreak strains. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the LSDV sequences from this study clustered closely with sequences from neighboring East African countries and with LSDV strains from recent outbreaks in Europe. It was noted that the sequence diversity amongst LSDV strains from Africa was higher than diversity from Eurasia.Conclusion The LSDV strains circulating in Uganda were closely related with sequences from neighboring countries. Comparison of GPCR gene showed that vaccine strains were not responsible for outbreaks. This means that vaccination with the currently used vaccine will probably be effective for the control of LSD in Uganda. This information is necessary to understand LSDV molecular epidemiology and to contribute knowledge towards the development of more appropriate control strategies by the Government of Uganda.
Socio-demographic, environmental and behavioural factors of the prevalence of diarrhea among children age under-five years in Rural Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Ferede Melkamu Molla 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background: Diarrhea is one of the major contributors to deaths for under age five children in Ethiopia. Studies conducted in different countries showed that rural children are highly affected by diarrhea than urban children [11, 26, 27]. Thus, the purpose of this study was to identify the socio-demographic, environmental and behavioural risk factors of the prevalence of diarrhea among children age under five years in Rural Ethiopia.Methods: Data for the study was drawn from the 2016 Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey. A total of 8,041 under-five children were included in the study. Bivariate and multivariable binary logistic regression were employed for the analysis of the data to assess the relationships between the prevalence of diarrhea and socio-demographic, environmental and behavioural risk factors among under five children. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 23. Results: The multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that younger mothers’ children and child’s age 6-11 months (AOR: 3.5; 95% CI: 2.58-4.87), 12-23 months (AOR: 3.1; 95% CI: 2.33-4.04) and 24-35 months (AOR: 1.7; 95% CI: 1.26-2.34) were significantly associated with diarrhea. The two week prevalence of diarrhea was also significantly associated with male children (AOR: 1.3; 95% CI: 1.05-1.58), Children in rural Afar and Gambela regions, households who shared toilet facilities with other households (AOR: 1.4; 95% CI: 1.09-1.77), higher birth order number and households with 3 or more under-five children interacted with older mothers (AOR: 4.7; 95% CI: 1.64-13.45). Conclusion: The prevalence of diarrhea among under-five children was strongly associated with younger mothers, child’s age between 6-35 months, male children, children in rural part of Afar and Gambela regions, children with higher birth order numbers, those who shared toilet facility with other households and households with 3 or more number of under-five children interacted with older mothers/primary caregivers. Thus, in order to reduce childhood diarrhea, I suggest that child’s health care programs and other efforts in Ethiopia should give special attention to those categories of children who had highly affected by diarrhea.
Breast self-examination and associated factors among women in Wolaita sodo city, Ethiopia: Community based cross sectional study
Authors: Lera Temesgen Abiso , Beyene Aman , Bekele Befekadu , Baza Daniel 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background: Early detection of breast cancer plays an important role in decreasing morbidity and mortality associated with breast cancer. Breast self-examination (BSE) is one of the screening methods for early detection of breast cancer. BSE method involves the woman herself looking at and feeling each breast for possible lumps, distortions or swelling. BSE is a simple exercise which can potentially save the life of a woman but it is not well focused yet and no study has addressed BSE at community level. So, this was aimed assess breast Self-Examination and associated factors among women in Wolaita Sodo city, Ethiopia.Methods: Community based cross-sectional study design was employed. Systemic random sampling technique was used to select 626 women aged 20-65 years old. The data were collected using pre-tested and structured questionnaire. The data entry was done using Epi data version 3.5.1 and exported to SPSS version 21 software for cleaning and statistical analysis. Bivariable analysis was done and variables with p-value of less than 0.25 were made candidate for multiple logistic regression analysis. The relative contribution of each selected variables to the outcome of interest was assessed using multiple logistic regression and variables with P-value less than 0.05 were considered as statically significant.Results: A total of 629 women between 20 and 65 years old were included in the study. More than half (60.9%) of the participants were in the age range of 20-29 years and 8.2% were less than 50 years old. Two hundred eighteen (34.7%) and 338(53.7%) had primary and secondary/ college/university education, respectively. Women who had mentioned BSE as method for early detection of breast problem were 6.359 times (AOR: 6.359, 95% CI :( 3.719, 10.713) more likely to perform BSE than those who say that they don’t know any method. Conclusion The finding of this study showed that women’s practice of breast self-examination is relatively low. Knowledge of BSE, breast feeding up to 24 months, being employed and being student were factors affecting performing breast self-examination. Therefore, educating girls and increasing awareness on electronics media is important.