bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Habitat selection and migration of the common shrimp, Palaemon paucidens in Lake Biwa, Japan—An eDNA‐based study
Authors: Wu Qianqian , Kawano Ken , Ishikawa Toshiyuki , Sakata Masayuki K. , Nakao Ryohei , Hiraiwa Masayoshi K. , Tsuji Satsuki , Yamanaka Hiroki , Minamoto Toshifumi 
Published: April 2019

AbstractPalaemon paucidens has a large population and is an important food source for fish in Lake Biwa, Japan. They are abundant in shallow waters from spring to summer, after which most individuals migrate to offshore deep areas where they remain during autumn and winter. However, some individuals are nonmigratory, remaining in shallow waters over winter. It has been reported that P. paucidens individuals have declined in recent years; a better understanding of its seasonal distribution is needed to manage this species, and basic information on its seasonal distribution is indispensable. We tracked the environmental DNA (eDNA) distribution of P. paucidens in Lake Biwa over a year using a quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction method. We collected water samples from offshore (both from the surface and from the benthic) and from shallow shore sites adjacent to the shorelines of the main lake and connecting freshwater lagoons. Offshore sampling took place in summer and winter, and shallow shore and lagoon sampling in all four seasons. During summer, eDNA concentrations were significantly higher in shallow and lagoon areas than offshore bottom sites. Conversely, during winter, eDNA concentrations were higher in offshore bottom sites, and relatively high and low eDNA concentrations in lagoons and shallow shore, respectively. These results most likely reflect the spatial and temporal distribution of this species in Lake Biwa. The eDNA concentrations peaked in early August at shallow shore sites in the main lake, with a significant decline in mid‐October, while low eDNA concentrations were recorded at offshore bottom sites in late August. These results suggest that P. paucidens migrates from shallow waters to offshore bottom sites between early August and mid‐October. These results provide important information for the management of this species.
Prognostic value of exercise myocardial deformation and haemodynamics in long‐term heart‐transplanted patients
Authors: Clemmensen Tor Skibsted , Eiskjær Hans , Løgstrup Brian Bridal , Valen Kamilla Pernille Bjerre , Mellemkjær Søren , Poulsen Steen Hvitfeldt 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAimsThe study evaluated exercise left ventricular global longitudinal strain (LVGLS) and invasive haemodynamics for major adverse cardiac events (MACE) prediction in heart‐transplanted (HTx) patients.Methods and resultsThe study comprised 74 stable consecutive HTx patients who were followed at the Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark, from August 2013 to January 2017. All patients were transplanted a minimum of 12 months before study entry and were included at the time of their routine annual coronary angiography. A symptom‐limited haemodynamic exercise test with simultaneous echocardiographic study was performed. The primary endpoint was MACE during follow‐up defined as heart failure hospitalization, treated rejection episodes, coronary event, or cardiac death.The median time since transplant was 5 years [1:12] and the median follow‐up was 1095 days [391;1506]. Thirty patients (41%) experienced MACE during follow‐up. Patients who suffered MACE had an impaired resting and peak exercise systolic function in form of a lower LV ejection fraction (Rest: 56 ± 12% vs. 65 ± 7%, P < 0.001; Peak 64 ± 13% vs. 72 ± 6%, P < 0.01) and LVGLS (Rest: 13 ± 4% vs. 16 ± 2%, P < 0.01; Peak: 15 ± 6% vs. 20 ± 4%, P = 0.0001) than patients without MACE episodes. In contrast, resting diastolic filling patterns were comparable between patients suffering from MACE and patients without MACE.At rest, pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (mPCWP) and cardiac index did not predict MACE, whereas increased right atrial pressure (mRAP) was associated with increased MACE risk. Patients with peak exercise mPCWP >23 mmHg [hazard ratio (HR) 2.5, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.2–5.4], cardiac index <5.9 L/min/m2 (HR 2.7, 95% CI: 1.0–6.3), or mRAP >13 mmHg (HR 2.7, 95% CI: 1.1–6.3) had increased MACE risk.Patients with exercise‐induced LVGLS increase <3.5% and peak exercise cardiac index <5.9 L/min/m2 [HR 6.1 (95% CI: 2.2–17.1)] or mPCWP >23 mmHg [HR 6.1 (95% CI: 2.1–17.5)] or mRAP >13 mmHg [HR 7.5 (95% CI: 2.3–23.9)] had the highest MACE risk.ConclusionsResting haemodynamic parameters were poor MACE predictors in long‐term HTx patients. In contrast, peak exercise mPCWP, mRAP, and CI were significant MACE predictors. LVGLS both at rest and during exercise were significant MACE predictors, and the combined model with peak exercise LVGLS and peak exercise mPCWP, mRAP, and CI clearly identified high‐risk HTx patients in relation cardiovascular endpoints independently of time since HTx.
Enrichment of Sunflower Oil with γ‐Tocopherol. Study by 1H NMR of Its Effect Under Accelerated Storage Conditions
Authors: Martínez‐Yusta Andrea , Guillén María D. 
Published: April 2019

The effect of the enrichment of sunflower oil with γ‐tocopherol on the evolution of its oxidation is the subject of this study. Sunflower oil and samples of this oil enriched with different γ‐tocopherol concentrations are submitted to accelerated storage conditions and their evolution, until total polymerization is monitored by 1H NMR spectroscopy. The concentrations of linoleic acyl groups, of primary and of a great number of secondary oxidation compounds are determined throughout the process. These concentrations, and the times at which the main changes in them occur are analyzed to elucidate if they are valid markers of the global effect of γ‐tocopherol enrichment. It is proved for the first time that certain comparisons between concentrations of some of the compounds formed in oxidation can lead to erroneous conclusions about the effect of this enrichment. It is shown that, during a first short period of time under accelerated storage conditions, the higher the concentration of γ‐tocopherol the faster the degradation of linoleic acyl groups and the higher the concentration of hydroperoxides; after this first period this relationship is more complex. Generally, the higher the γ‐tocopherol concentration the slower the degradation of the oil, except in the first period.Practical Applications: This study provides very valuable information about the effect caused by enrichment with γ‐tocopherol on sunflower oil oxidative stability and oxidation across a very broad range of concentrations. In addition, the amount of information obtained can be of great importance from several points of view because the oxidation process has been monitored globally. This may be of interest not only to researchers involved in the analysis of oxidation mechanisms but also to those in the field of technology and edible oil legislation, and even to those worried about edible oil safety and its effect on nutrition and health. Another important feature of this study, from the practical point of view, is the methodology used because it does not involve the chemical modification of the sample and the same 1H NMR spectrum is able to provide information about all the above‐mentioned aspects.Sunflower oil enriched with different levels of γ‐tocopherol. Concentrations of primary and secondary oxidation compounds after 4 and 9 days, respectively, under accelerated storage conditions.
Optimizing selectivity of anion hydrophobic multimodal chromatography for purification of a single‐chain variable fragment
Authors: Sakhnini Laila I. , Pedersen Anja K. , León Ileana Rodríguez , Greisen Per J. , Hansen Jens Jacob , Vester‐Christensen Malene B. , Bülow Leif , Dainiak Maria B. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractSingle‐chain variable fragments (scFv) are widely used in several fields. However, they can be challenging to purify unless using expensive Protein L‐based affinity adsorbents or affinity tags. In this work, a purification process for a scFv using mixed‐mode (MM) chromatography was developed by design of experiments (DoE) and proteomics for host cell protein (HCP) quantification. Capture of scFv from human embryonic kidney 293 (HEK293) cell feedstocks was performed by hydrophobic charge induction chromatography (MEP HyperCel™), whereafter polishing was performed by anion hydrophobic MM chromatography (Capto Adhere™). The DoE designs of the polishing step included both binding and flow‐through modes, the latter being the standard mode for HCP removal. Chromatography with Capto Adhere™ in binding‐mode with elution by linear salt gradient at pH 7.5 resulted in optimal yield, purity and HCP reduction factor of 98.9 > 98.5%, and 14, respectively. Totally, 258 different HCPs were removed, corresponding to 84% of identified HCPs. The optimized conditions enabled binding of the scFv to Capto Adhere™ below its theoretical pI, while the majority of HCPs were in the flow‐through. Surface property maps indicated the presence of hydrophobic patches in close proximity to negatively charged patches that could potentially play a role in this unique selectivity.
Conditional spectrum bidirectional record selection for risk assessment of 3D structures using scalar and vector IMs
Authors: Kohrangi Mohsen , Bazzurro Paolo , Vamvatsikos Dimitrios 
Published: April 2019

SummarySeveral proposals are explored for the hazard and intensity measure (IM) consistent selection of bidirectional ground motions to assess the performance of 3D structural models. Recent studies have shown the necessity of selecting records that thoroughly represent the seismicity at the site of interest, as well as the usefulness of efficient IMs capable of estimating the response of buildings with low scatter. However, the advances realized are mostly geared towards the structural analysis of 2D models. Few are the combined record, and IM selection approaches suggested expressly for nonlinear dynamic analysis of 3D structural models, especially when plan asymmetry and torsion sensitivity come into play. Conditional spectrum selection is leveraged and expanded here to offer a suite of approaches based on both scalar and vector IMs that convey information from two orthogonal horizontal components of the ground motion. Applications on multiple 3D building models highlight the importance of (a) employing the same IM for both record selection and response assessment and (b) maintaining hazard consistency in both horizontal components, when using either a scalar or a vector IM. All tested approaches that respect these conditions can be viable, yet the one based on the geometric mean of multiple spectral ordinates from both components over a period range seems to hold the most promise for general use.
Optimal power allocation for physical layer security in device‐to‐device communications using untrusted relays
Authors: Izanlou Marzieh , Mohammadi Abbas , Dosaranian‐Moghadam Mohamad 
Published: April 2019

AbstractIn this paper, the physical layer security is studied in device‐to‐device (D2D) communications overlaying cellular network where a D2D pair communicates with each other through an untrusted amplify‐and‐forward (AF) relay. Meanwhile, an untrusted relay acts as an eavesdropper in the network. In addition, a jammer is used to create secure communications between D2D pairs. To obtain ergodic secrecy rate (ESR), two scenarios of without jammer (WoJ) and with jammer (WJ) are investigated. In both scenarios, first, the optimal power allocation (OPA) problem is formulated and solved, and then, new closed‐form solutions are presented by calculating the ESR. Moreover, for the WJ scenario, the slope and power offset of the ESR in high signal‐to‐noise ratio are evaluated. Simulation results are presented to determine the importance of OPA and using a jammer to improve the ESR. In addition, the effects of increasing the distance between D2D pairs with each other and with untrusted relays are investigated. The simulation results validate our closed‐form expressions and show that the ESR improves with OPA, and the ESR of the WJ scenario is higher than the WoJ scenario.
Source rock assessment within a sequence stratigraphic framework of the Yogou Formation in the Termit Basin, Niger
Authors: Lai Hongfei , Li Meijun , Liu Jiguo , Mao Fengjun , Wang Zecheng , Liu Wei , Xiao Hong , Yang Lu 
Published: April 2019

A preliminary sequence stratigraphic geochemical investigation was carried out to assess the areal distribution and hydrocarbon generation potential of marine mudstones of the Upper Cretaceous Yogou Formation in the Termit Basin, Niger. A total of three third‐order sequences (YSQ1, YSQ2, and YSQ3, from bottom to top) and nine systems tracts were identified in the Yogou Formation. Mudstones of each sequences are widely distributed throughout the study area with their maximum cumulative thickness of ~600–900 m in the Dinga and Moul depressions. The ΔlogR method was applied to establish a prediction model for predicting the total organic carbon (TOC) content of the Yogou Formation mudstones. The results of this source rock evaluation indicate that thick offshore mudstones with fair to good hydrocarbon generation potential and dominated Type II to Type III kerogen widely occur in YSQ1, YSQ2, and in the LST (lowstand systems tract) and TST (transgressive systems tract) of YSQ3, while the thin lower shoreface mudstone intervals in the HST (highstand systems tract) of YSQ3 are characterized by good to excellent hydrocarbon generation potential, dominated by Type II kerogen. The present‐day thermal maturation level of source beds from the YSQ3, YSQ2, and YSQ1 has overpassed the main zone of oil generation in the depocenter of Dinga Depression, whereas the YSQ3 and part of YSQ2 source beds were still within the oil window in the depocenter of Moul Depression. The organic matter richness and hydrocarbon generation potential of source beds varies within the Yogou Formation because of changes in organic matter source during evolution of Western Africa rift basins and global sea‐level fluctuations. This study provides a practical sequence stratigraphic geochemical framework which will give a better understanding for the geochemical characteristics of source rock and support improved assessment of petroleum resources.
Quantifying peakflow attenuation/amplification in a karst river using the diffusive wave model with lateral flow
Authors: Charlier Jean‐Baptiste , Moussa Roger , David Pierre‐Yann , Desprats Jean‐François 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to quantify peakflow attenuation and/or amplification in a river, investigating lateral flow from the intermediate catchment during floods. This is a challenge for the study of the hydrological response of permeable/intermittent streams, and our contribution refers to a modelling framework based on the inverse problem for the diffusive wave model applied in a karst catchment. Knowing the upstream and downstream hydrographs on a reach between two stations, we can model the lateral one, given information on the hydrological processes involved in the intermediate catchment. The model is applied to 33 flood events in the karst reach of the Iton River in French Normandy where peakflow attenuation is observed. The monitored zone consists of a succession of losing and gaining reaches controlled by strong surface‐water/groundwater (SW/GW) interactions. Our results show that despite a high baseflow increase in the reach, peakflow is attenuated. Model application shows that the intensity of lateral outflow for the flood component is linked to upstream discharge. A combination of river loss and overbank flow for highest floods is proposed for explaining the relationships. Our approach differentiates the role of outflow (river loss and overbank flow) and that of wave diffusion on peakflow attenuation. Based on several sets of model parameterization, diffusion is the main attenuation process for most cases, despite high river losses of up to several m3/s (half of peakflow for some parameterization strategies). Finally, this framework gives new insight into the SW/GW interactions during floods in karst basins, and more globally in basins characterized by disconnected river‐aquifer systems.
Potentially modified hydropower production under climate change in the Italian Alps
Authors: Bombelli Giovanni Martino , Soncini Andrea , Bianchi Alberto , Bocchiola Daniele 
Published: April 2019

AbstractWe present an assessment of the potential impacts of climate change on hydropower production within a paradigmatic, very highly exploited cryospheric area of upper Valtellina valley in the Italian Alps. Based on dependable and unique hydrological measures from our high‐altitude hydrometric network Idrostelvio during 2006–2015, we set up the Poly‐Hydro model to mimic the cryospheric processes driving hydrological flow formation in this high‐altitude area. We then set up an optimization tool, which we call Poly‐Power, to maximize the revenue of the plant manager under given hydrological regimes, namely, by proper operation of the hydroelectric production scheme (reservoirs, pipelines, and power plants) of the area. We then pursue hydrological projections until 2100, feeding Poly‐Hydro with the downscaled outputs of three general circulation models from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Fifth Assessment Report, under the scenarios Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 2.6, RCP 4.5, and RCP 8.5. We assess hydrological flows in two reference decades, that is, at half century (2040–2049), and end of century (2090–2099). We then feed the so obtained hydrological scenarios as inputs to Poly‐Power, and we project future production of hydroelectric power, with and without reoperation of the system. The average annual stream flows for hydropower production decreases along the century under our scenarios (−21 to +7%, on average − 5% at half century; −17 to −2%, average − 8%, end of century), with ice cover melting unable to offset such decrease. Reduction in snowfall and increase in liquid rainfall are the main factors affecting the modified hydrological regime. Energy production (and revenues) at half century may increase under our scenarios (−9 to +15%, +3% on average). At the end of century in spite of a projected increase on average (−7 to +6%, +1% on average), under the warmest scenario RCP 8.5 decrease of energy production is consistently projected (−4% on average). Our results provide an array of potential scenarios of modified hydropower production under future climate change and may be used for brain storming of adaptation strategies.
IRRIGATION AND ENERGY: ISSUES AND CHALLENGES
Authors: Belaud G. , Mateos L. , Aliod R. , Buisson M.‐C. , Faci E. , Gendre S. , Ghinassi G. , Gonzales Perea R. , Lejars C. , Maruejols F. , Zapata N. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractWater‐efficient agriculture has implied a large increase in energy consumption for irrigation in recent decades. In many irrigation systems, energy costs are now threatening their sustainability. However, new opportunities have arisen for the use of renewable energies in the irrigation sector. These are some of the aspects of the multifaceted multiple‐actor ‘water–food–energy' nexus. Technical, economic and environmental issues are linked in many ways, involving farmers, water users' associations, energy suppliers, engineers and other stakeholders. The ICID session ‘Irrigation and energy' triggered discussions on these multiple dimensions. This paper presents a synthesis of the presentations, discussions and conclusions.Four main questions are addressed: How do irrigation productivity and sustainability of water resources exploitation change when farmers have access to energy? What do we know about energy efficiency in irrigation systems, at farm and collective network levels? How can this efficiency be optimized by using advanced technologies, modelling tools, improved management? Is energy production an opportunity for irrigation systems?These questions have been posed based on multiple case studies from different parts of the world. The BRL network, in southern France, illustrates advanced strategies and opportunities to reduce energy consumption and develop energy production at a network level. General conclusions are drawn from this synthesis, illustrating trade‐offs and synergies that can be identified in the irrigation sector at different scales, while opportunities for future research are proposed. © 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Gingival crevicular fluid semaphorin 4D and peptidylarginine deiminase‐2 levels in periodontal health and disease
Authors: Veyisoğlu Gözde , Savran Levent , Narin Figen , Yılmaz Huriye Erbak , Avşar Candeğer , Sağlam Mehmet 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to compare the levels of semaphorin 4D (SEMA4D), peptidylarginine deiminase 2 (PAD2) and matrix metalloproteinase‐8 (MMP‐8) in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) in patients with periodontal disease and patients with healthy periodontium and investigate the effects of periodontal treatment on the levels of these molecules.MethodsGCF samples were collected from periodontally healthy controls (C group, n = 20), patients with gingivitis (G group, n = 20), and patients with chronic periodontitis (CP group, n = 20). Sampling sites were also divided into bleeding (BP) and non‐bleeding (NBP) periodontal pocket groups in CP group. Full‐mouth clinical periodontal parameters were also recorded. GCF samplings and clinical records were also repeated at 1 and 3 months after treatment for the CP group. SEMA4D, PAD2, and MMP‐8 levels were determined by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay.ResultsThe GCF SEMA4D, PAD2, and MMP‐8 total amounts were similar in CP and G groups (P ˃ 0.05) but significantly greater than the C group (P ˂ 0.05). The GCF SEMA4D and PAD2 total amounts in the BP group were significantly greater than the NBP group (P ˂ 0.05). GCF MMP‐8 total amounts were similar in BP and NBP groups (P ˃ 0.05). The GCF SEMA4D, PAD2, and MMP‐8 total amounts were significantly reduced at first month after treatment (P ˂ 0.05). There were positive correlations between GCF total amount of SEMA4D and all clinical parameters (P ˂ 0.01) and also between PAD2 and clinical parameters (P ˂ 0.05) except clinical attachment level. There was a positive correlation between GCF total amount of SEMA4D and GCF total amount of MMP‐8 (P ˂ 0.05).ConclusionsIt may be suggested that SEMA4D and PAD2 are related to periodontal disease. Their GCF total amounts may have a diagnostic potential. Additional studies would better clarify their role in periodontal diseases.