bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biochemical and Histological Improvements in Alloxan-Intoxicated Diabetic Rats via Administration of <i>Vitex agnus</i>-cactus Seed Extract
Authors: El Kamari Fatima , Ousaaid Driss , Laaroussi Hassan , Bouchyoua Abdelaghani , Chlouchi Amina , Harmouzi Anjoud , El Hamzaoui Najia , El Amrani Jihane , Lyoussi Badiaa 
Published: December 2024

Natural resources constitute an exhaustible source of bioactive compounds well-known for their antidiabetic properties. This study investigated the antioxidant and antidiabetic activities of <i>Vitex agnus</i> citratus extract against alloxan-induced metabolic disorders in an animal model. The antioxidant ability of the extract was evaluated using three complementary assays (TAC, DPPH, and FRAP), and its total phenolic and flavonoid contents were determined calorimetrically. The in vivo experiment included five groups: group 1 received distilled water (10ml), group 2 received alloxan (150 mg/kg) and distilled water (10ml), group 3 received alloxan (150 mg/kg) and <i>V. agnus</i> cactus aqueous extract (200mg/kg bw), group 4 received alloxan (150 mg/kg) and VAC aqueous extract (300mg/kg bw), and group 5 received alloxan (150 mg/kg) and glibenclamide. The doses were administered once daily via gavage for four weeks. Blood glucose levels, hepatic enzymes, uric acid, urea, creatinine, and electrolytes were analyzed after four weeks of treatment. The antioxidant profile of VAC extract revealed considerable phenolic and flavonoid contents and an impressive antioxidant ability (37.6 ± 0 .73 mg EAA/g, 0.54±0.46 mg/mL, and 0.7±0.03 mg/mL for TAC, DPPH-IC<sub>50</sub>, and FRAP, respectively). Treatment of rats with <i>V. agnus</i> cactus extract significantly improved all changes induced by alloxan injection by controlling hyperglycemia, liver and kidney disorders, and serum electrolyte levels. Therefore, using <i>V. agnus</i> cactus would have pleiotropic effects in preventing metabolic disorders induced by alloxan.
New Horizons in Health and Metabolism Research
Authors: Lin Donghai , Hu Shen , Huang Peng , Wan Jianbo , Wang Yulan 
Published: December 2024

Editorial
New Horizons in Health and Metabolism Research

Donghai Lin 1, *, Shen Hu 2, Peng Huang 3, Jianbo Wan 4 and Yulan Wang 5

1 Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
2 School of Dentistry, University of Capfornia, Los Angeles, CA, USA; shenhu@ucla.edu.
3 State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China; huangpeng@sysucc.org.cn
4 State Key Laboratory of Quapty Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China; jbwan@um.edu.mo.
5 Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine,Nanyang Technological University, Singapore; wang@ntu.edu.sg.
* Correspondence: dhlin@xmu.edu.cn;

Received: 30 September 2024; Accepted: 8 October 2024; Published: 16 October 2024
A Simple Phthalocyanine-Peptide Conjugate as Targeting Photosensitizer and Its Broad Applications in Health
Authors: Chen Zheng , Chen Jincan , Liu Dafeng , Chen Jingyi , Li Linlin , Chen Dan , Chen Naisheng , Huang Jinling , Chen Zhuo , Xu Peng , Jiang Longguang , Yuan Cai , Jiang Yunbin , Huang Mingdong 
Published: December 2024

Review
A Simple Phthalocyanine-Peptide Conjugate as Targeting Photosensitizer and Its Broad Applications in Health

Zheng Chen 1, Jincan Chen 2, Dafeng Liu 3, Jingyi Chen 1, Linlin Li 1, Dan Chen 1, Naisheng Chen 1, Jinling Huang 1, Zhuo Chen 2, Peng Xu 4, Longguang Jiang 1, Cai Yuan 4,*, Yunbin Jiang 5,* and Mingdong Huang 1,*

1 National & Local Joint Biomedical Engineering Research Center on Photodynamic Technologies, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
2 State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fujian College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China
3 College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
4 College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
5 School of Biological Science and Biotechnology, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou 363000, China
* Correspondence: cyuan@fzu.edu.cn (C.Y.); jyb1972@mnnu.edu.cn (Y.J.); HMD_lab@fzu.edu.cn (M.H.)

Received: 28 August 2024; Revised: 9 October 2024; Accepted: 17 October 2024; Published: 25 October 2024

Abstract: Photodynamic therapy is a novel clinical treatment for malignant tumors, and has recently been extended to anti-bacteria and anti-virus applications. Phthalocyanine photosensitizers possess good photosensitization properties, but their high hydrophobicity and lack of targeting capabilities limit their application. By conjugating a pentalysine peptidyl moiety to hydrophobic phthalocyanine, a novel photosensitizer (ZnPc(Lys)5) was synthesized. This review systematically summarizes the design, development, safety and characterization of ZnPc(Lys)5, and describes its applications and mechanisms in anti-tumor, anti-bacterial and anti-viral areas, as well as exploring its prospects for applications beyond photodynamic therapy. This review demonstrates that the peptide conjugation is an effective strategy for enhancing water solubility and broadens the applications of phthalocyanine-type photosensitizers. Furthermore, the importance of dynamic balance between the monomeric and aggregate conformations of phthalocyanine underlying its photodynamic effect is highlighted, providing a fresh perspective for the design and application of photosensitizers.
Endoplasmic Reticulum Unfolded Protein Responses: Molecular Mechanism and Role in Pathophysiology
Authors: Wu Miankun , Feng Fen , Cao Jiangang , Chen Linxi 
Published: December 2024

Review
Endoplasmic Reticulum Unfolded Protein Responses: Molecular Mechanism and Role in Pathophysiology

Miankun Wu 1,†, Fen Feng 2,†, Jiangang Cao 3,* and Linxi Chen 1,*

1 Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Learning Key Laboratory for Pharmacoproteomics, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
2 The School of Pharmacy, Shaoyang University, Shaoyang 422000, China
3 The Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, Clinical Pharmacy Research Institute, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
* Correspondence: jgcao66@whu.edu.cn (J.C.); 1995001765@usc.edu.cn (L.C.)
† These authors contributed equally to this work.

Received: 29 July 2024; Revised: 29 September 2024; Accepted: 15 October 2024; Published: 30 October 2024

Abstract: To alleviate ER stress, Endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein responses (ER UPR) is a set of defensive mechanisms that induce the nucleus to decrease protein synthesis due to incorrect protein aggregation in the ER triggered by different pathogenic causes. Overactivation of ER UPR has been linked to a multitude of human disorders, such as autoimmune diseases, malignancies, hypertension, and retinopathy, according to an increasing number of studies. In addition, ER UPR activity prolongs cell life and delays the aging process by preserving the equilibrium of proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum lumen. Furthermore, as described in the literature recently, adaptive activation of ER UPR improves hypertension, obesity, cardiovascular disease, and neurodegenerative illnesses. Targeting ER UPR pathways may be a useful therapeutic approach for treating diabetes, obesity, fatty liver, and neurodegenerative illnesses given the diversity of ER UPR.
Shoulder Arthroplasty Patients Are Underscreened for Osteoporosis
Authors: Malyavko Alisa , Agarwal Amil R. , Mikula Jacob D. , Best Matthew J. , Srikumaran Uma 
Published: December 2024

Introduction:
Osteoporosis screening and subsequent treatment has been shown to be efficacious in decreasing the rates of fragility fractures and periprosthetic fractures (PPF). However, current screening and treatment rates are low. This study aims to determine (1) the prevalence of total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) patients who meet criteria for osteoporosis screening, (2) the prevalence of those screened, and (3) the 5-year cumulative incidence of fragility fracture (FF) and periprosthetic fractures (PPF).

Methods:
The PearlDiver database was used to identify all patients older than 50 years who underwent TSA. Guidelines from the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists were used to stratify patients into “high risk” and “low risk” of osteoporosis cohorts using International Classification of Disease codes for various risk factors. The prevalence of osteoporosis screening using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scan was analyzed, and the 5-year cumulative incidence of FF and PPF was calculated between the “low-risk” and “high-risk” groups using Kaplan-Meier analysis.

Results:
In total, 66,140 (65.5%) who underwent TSA were considered “high risk” for osteoporosis. Of the “high-risk” patients, 11.7% patients received routine osteoporosis screening preoperatively. Within 5 years, “high-risk” TSA patients had markedly higher cumulative incidence for PPF (HR: 1.4; 95% CI: 1.0-1.9; P = 0.037) and FF (HR: 2.42; 95% CI: 2.1-2.8; P < 0.001) when compared with those at “low risk”.

Discussion:
There is a high prevalence of osteoporosis among patients undergoing TSA but a low rate of routine osteoporosis screening in this cohort. Patients with osteoporosis who are categorized as “high risk” have an increased rate of fragility fractures and PPF. Therefore, there is an opportunity to increase appropriate osteoporosis screening and management in this cohort, which may affect future risk of FF and periprosthetic fracture.

Level of evidence:
III
GEOMETRIA NO 4º ANO DO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL: UMA ANÁLISE DE LIVROS DIDÁTICOS SELECIONADOS PELO PNLD 2019
Authors: Souza Taiara Ribeiro , Souza Helenara Machado de , Soares Fabrício , Nehring Cátia Maria 
Published: December 2024

Geometria, como os demais conceitos matemáticos propostos pelos documentos oficiais para serem abordados na Educação Básica, tem sua origem nas necessidades vivenciadas pelos seres humanos, durante seu processo evolutivo. Neste sentido é que o estudo que deu origem a este artigo foi pensado, tendo por objetivo identificar como é proposto o ensino da Geometria em livros didáticos, disponibilizados para o 4° ano do Ensino Fundamental, pelo Programa Nacional do Livro Didático, PNLD 2019. O estudo foi realizado a partir de uma pesquisa bibliográfica, tendo como instrumentos de estudo 10 (dez) dos 16 (dezesseis) livros disponibilizados pelo PNLD 2019 e como organização da coleta de dados uma ficha, na qual foi identificado elementos relacionados ao tema deste estudo, nas obras analisadas. Além dos documentos oficiais, a Base Nacional Comum Curricular-BNCC e Referencial Curricular Gaúcho, utilizou-se como respaldo para este estudo os documentos que regulamentam o processo de seleção dos livros didáticos, definido pelo PNLD 2019. Verificou-se que os conceitos geométricos são abordados a partir de situações cotidianas, em propostas de atividades interdisciplinares e com o uso de recursos como planificações, Tangran, malhas, software de geometria dinâmica, entre outros.
Efektivitas penilaian kinerja dan penggajian berbasis kinerja dalam peningkatan kualitas layanan kesehatan
Authors: Anggraini Mela Ratri , Permatasari Putri , Azahra Sabrina , Astuti Winda Dwi 
Published: December 2024

Sistem penggajian berbasis kinerja dan penilaian kinerja memegang peran penting dalam peningkatan mutu pelayanan kesehatan. Meskipun keduanya menghadapi masalah seperti ketidakjelasan indikator dan subjektivitas, tetapi implementasi kedua sistem tersebut mampu meningkatkan produktivitas dan efektivitas pegawai. Studi ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis sistem penilaian kinerja dan penggajian berbasis hasil yang berkontribusi mampu meningkatkan kualitas layanan kesehatan. Desain penelitian menggunakan studi literature review dari literatur internasional maupun nasional yang didapat melalui database Google Scholar dan Pubmed. Pencarian artikel difokuskan pada artikel yang terbit sejak 2019 hingga 2024. Hasil menunjukkan kualitas layanan kesehatan dapat meningkat dengan menerapkan sistem penilaian kinerja dan penggajian berbasis hasil. Meskipun dalam beberapa indikator terdapat peningkatan, kurangnya sumber daya dan komunikasi masih menjadi penghambat. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini bahwa penilaian kinerja dan penggajian berbasis hasil memberikan pengaruh positif terhadap mutu pelayanan kesehatan dan kepuasan kerja. peneliti Diharapkan kedepannya dapat memperdalam permasalahan kedua sistem, serta melakukan evaluasi dan monitoring rutin untuk keberlanjutan sistem.
Polymer-modified screen-printed electrode-based electrochemical sensors for doxorubicin detection
Authors: Dimitrievska Iva , Paunović Perica , Grozdanov Anita 
Published: December 2024

In the last decade, intensive research has been performed in the field of analytical electrochemistry, seeking designs of electrochemical sensors capable of providing better analytical characteristics in terms of sensitivity, selectivity, reliability, ease of fabrication and use, and low cost, especially for pharmaceutical drug monitoring. Our research has primarily focused on developing screen-printed electrode-based sensors and their application as electrochemical platforms for drug determination and monitoring, specifically emphasizing their suitability for surface modification. A commercial screen-printed graphene electrode was used as the electrochemical sensing component, which was subsequently modified with polymers, such as polyvinylidene fluoride and chitosan. All studied electrodes were tested using a doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) solution with a concentration of 0.002 mol L-1 dissolved in 0.1 mol L-1 phosphate-buffered saline at pH 6.7. Cyclic voltammetry was used as an electrochemical characterization technique to gather data on all tested electrodes' electrochemical activity. The morphological characterization of the electrodes was done using scanning electron microscopy. The changes in the electrolyte during the electrochemical measurements were followed through ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy. The modified electrodes demonstrated a favorable electrochemical response to DOX and exhibited higher electrical conductivity than the commercial one. The characterization results indicated that the Ch-modified electrode exhibited excellent electrochemical conductivity and demonstrated strong electrochemical performance. The evaluations of this electrode comprised the definition of the lowest limit of detection and limit of quantification among the tested electrodes, with values of 9.822 and 32.741 µmol L-1, respectively, within a linear concentration range from 1.5 to 7.4 µmol L-1. Additionally, the electrodes showed excellent repeatability, stability, and reproducibility, confirming their suitability for sensitive DOX detection.
The Effect of Giving Ajwa Dates on Increasing Hemoglobin Levels in Adolescent Girls
Authors: Romauli Suryati , Fitriana Iriyani Nur , Ivanna Kalo Greaceline Vira 
Published: December 2024

Anemia is still a nutritional problem especially for adolescent girls. This is because there are still many young women who do not make efforts to prevent anemia. This study aims to determine the effect of giving ajwa dates on increasing Haemoglobin levels in adolescent girls. Method: The design of this study is pre-experimental with a two-group pre-post test design. A sample of 48 respondents. Data were obtained through examination of Haemoglobin levels before and after the intervention. The data was analyzed based on a data normality test. Results: The Hb levels of adolescent girls in the intervention group before being given ajwa dates had an average value of 9.463, std. deviation of 1.3276 with the lowest Hb of 5.1 gr/dl and the highest Hb of 10.9 gr/dl, while the control group had an average value of 11.667, std. deviation of .3046 with the lowest Hb of 11.0 gr/dl and the highest Hb of 12.2 gr/dl. The hemoglobin levels of adolescent girls in the intervention group after being given ajwa dates had an average value of 10.829, std. deviation of 1.3917 with the lowest Hb of 7.7 gr/dl and the highest Hb of 13.5 gr/dl, while in the control group had an average value of 11.221, std. deviation of .5365 with the lowest Hb of 10.0 gr/dl and the highest Hb of 12.2 gr/dl. There is an effect of giving ajwa dates on increasing haemoglobin levels in adolescent girls with a value of p = 0.001
PENERAPAN ARSITEKTUR PERILAKU PADA PERANCANGAN KAMPUNG VERTIKAL DI KELURAHAN BIAWU KOTA GORONTALO
Authors: Pombaile Moh. Isra , Heriyati Heriyati , Mahanggi Rizal 
Published: December 2024

Jumlah penduduk di Kota Gorontalo terus meningkat dari tahun ke tahun. Namun, ini berlawanan dengan ketersediaan lahan yang semakin terbatas, yang menghasilkan pemukiman yang padat di beberapa bagian Kota Gorontalo, seperti di Kelurahan Biawu, Kecamatan Kota Selatan. Salah satu solusi untuk mengatasi situasi ini adalah dengan menciptakan konsep Kampung Vertikal. Ini dianggap sebagai salah satu cara untuk mengakomodasi pertumbuhan penduduk yang terus meningkat dan harga tanah yang terus melonjak. Ini bisa menjadi alternatif bagi warga dengan ekonomi yang tidak stabil atau masyarakat berpenghasilan rendah (MBR) untuk memiliki tempat tinggal yang layak. Selain itu, tingkat kepadatan pemukiman di Kota Gorontalo juga mengakibatkan kurangnya area terbuka hijau dalam perkotaan. Penerapan prinsip arsitektur berbasis perilaku dalam desain bangunan kampung vertikal diharapkan dapat memenuhi kebutuhan dan gaya hidup para penghuninya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam perancangan ini adalah melakukan observasi lapangan dengan langsung mengamati kondisi eksisting seluruh wilayah yang akan diteliti, pengumpulan data primer yang dilakukan dengan metode wawancara masyarakat yang akan menjadi calon penghuni, sedangkan pengumpulan data sekunder yang dilakukan dengan metode studi literatur dengan menjelaskan latar belakang kampung vertikal, data iklim setempat dan identifikasi kondisi tapak yang akan menjadi lokasi perancangan. Hasil laporan yang diharapkan berupa konsep perancangan model kampung vertikal, dengan mempertimbangkan ruang-ruang tertentu untuk kebutuhan masyarakat seperti masjid, taman RTH, dan ruang publik untuk area sosial dan perdagangan. serta penerapann tema Arsitektur Perilaku pada rancangan Kampung Vertikal.

Kata kunci: Kampung, Vertikal, lahan, Pemukiman, Perilaku
Nursing Approaches to Autism Stigma, Bullying, and Inclusion, Alkharj- Saudi Arabia
Authors: Fathi Zaghamir Donia Elsaid , Megahed Ibrahim Ateya 
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) presents challenges such as social stigma, bullying, and difficulties in fostering inclusive environments. Addressing these barriers requires exploring healthcare utilization, parental advocacy, and social experiences within a cultural context. The objective of this study was to explore and analyze the factors influencing understanding, stigma, and bullying towards individuals with autism, and to identify effective strategies for fostering inclusive environments.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at King Khalid Hospital's outpatient clinic in Saudi Arabia. A total of 200 families were selected through convenience sampling. Data were collected using the Autism Quotient (AQ), Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS), Community Attitudes Toward Disability Scale (CATD), Bullying and Peer Relations Questionnaire, Cultural Competence Assessment Tool (CCAT), and Parent Advocacy Scale. Data analysis involved descriptive and inferential statistics to explore correlations.Results: The sample consisted of 55% females, with 80% being Saudi nationals. Moderate autistic traits were noted (AQ mean score: 126.7), and significant social challenges were identified (SRS mean score: 159.1). Community attitudes were generally positive (CATD mean score: 94.2), but bullying was prevalent (mean score: 54.5). Cultural competence was moderate (CCAT mean score: 103.2), and parental advocacy was identified as a key factor in improving outcomes (Parent Advocacy Scale mean score: 116.2).Conclusion: The study highlights the need for increased support, reduced bullying, and improved cultural competence to foster inclusive environments for individuals with autism. Parental advocacy emerged as critical for better outcomes.
XÁC ĐỊNH MỘT SỐ VI RÚT GÂY BỆNH ĐƯỜNG HÔ HẤP Ở TRẺ EM DƯỚI 15 TUỔI TẠI BỆNH VIỆN ĐA KHOA TỈNH KON TUM TỪ THÁNG 3/2018 ĐẾN THÁNG 7/2018
Authors: Nguyễn Hoàng Quân , Trịnh Thị Hồng Hạnh , Phạm Thị Lệ Hà , Phan Thị Hồng Duyên 
Published: December 2024

Đặt vấn đề: Viêm đường hô hấp cấp tính là bệnh xảy ra quanh năm, đặc biệt là trẻ em. Mục tiêu nghiên cứu: Xác định một số tác nhân vi rút gây viêm đường hô hấp và một số yếu tố liên quan. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Bệnh nhi dưới 15 tuổi giám sát Hội chứng cúm tại bệnh viện Đa khoa tỉnh Kon Tum, nghiên cứu hồi cứu. Kết quả: Đã xét nghiệm 35(+)/127 mẫu, trong đó: vi rút cúm A/H1pdm 1(+)/35 mẫu (2,86%), vi rút cúm B: 5(+)/35 mẫu (14,28%), vi rút RSV, HMPV và RV: 2(+)/35 mẫu (5,71%), vi rút PIV-2: 6(+)/35 mẫu (17,14%), vi rút ADV: 13(+)/35 mẫu (37,14%). Chưa phát hiện thấy vi rút cúm A/H3 và vi rút PIV-3 trong các mẫu xét nghiệm. Các mẫu dương tính chủ yếu tập trung ở thành phố Kon Tum, ADV vẫn là vi rút chiếm ưu thế với 8(+)/26 mẫu dương tính. Tỷ lệ mẫu dương tính tập trung nhiều ở trẻ em còn nhỏ chưa đi học với 27(+)/84 mẫu, chiếm tỷ lệ 32,14%. Kết luận: Tỷ lệ dương tính chung với các vi rút đường hô hấp là 27,55%, vi rút cúm chiếm 4,72% với cúm B và A/H1pdm09, các vi rút hô hấp không phải cúm là 22,83%, các vi rút phát hiện là RSV, HMPV, PIV-1, PIV-2, ADV và RV.
ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG, X QUANG VÀ SO SÁNH KẾT QUẢ PHẪU THUẬT NHỔ RĂNG KHÔN HÀM TRÊN MỌC LỆCH BẰNG MÁY PIEZOTOME VÀ TAY KHOAN THẲNG
Authors: Vũ Đức Chí , Đỗ Thị Thảo , Trịnh Minh Trí 
Published: December 2024

Đặt vấn đề: Có rất ít các nghiên cứu đánh giá hiệu quả của các thiết bị phẫu thuật dựa trên nguyên tắc áp điện và siêu âm đối với hàm trên. Mục tiêu nghiên cứu: Mô tả đặc điểm lâm sàng, X quang và so sánh kết quả phẫu thuật nhổ răng khôn hàm trên mọc lệch bằng máy Piezotome và tay khoan thẳng tại Bệnh viện Vũng Tàu 2023-2024. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Chúng tôi tiến hành nghiên cứu can thiệp lâm sàng có nhóm chứng trên 70 bệnh nhân được phẫu thuật nhổ răng khôn hàm trên mọc lệch tại Bệnh viện Vũng Tàu, chia 2 nhóm sử dụng máy Piezotome và bằng tay khoan thẳng. Kết quả: Tuổi trung bình 2 nhóm là 43,97±15,42 và 43,89±14,75, nữ (65,7%), lý do vào viện thường gặp sưng đau (100%) và vắt thức ăn (57,14%), răng khôn mọc bên trái (64,3%). Về đặc điểm lâm sàng, đa số đau vừa và đau nhiều lúc đầu, sưng nề vùng răng nhưng thường không gây sưng nề vùng mặt và không sâu hoặc tiêu xương răng 7.Đa phần bệnh nhân có độ sâu của răng khôn theo Archer loại A (52,9%) và loại B (44,3%), hướng nghiêng theo Shiller loại M (50%) và loại V (47,1%), tương quan với đáy xoang hàm trên theo Jung & Cho loại I (33,3%) và loại II (61,4%), độ khó của răng từ ít (57,1%) đến trung bình (40%) theo Carvalho RW. Về kết quả điều trị, đa phần không có biến chứng phẫu thuật, bệnh nhân sử dụng máy Piezotome giảm đau tốt hơn trong và sau nhổ răng, nhưng thời gian phẫu thuật lâu hơn. Kết luận: Bệnh nhân có sử dụng máy Piezotome giảm đau tốt hơn trong và sau nhổ răng, nhưng thời gian phẫu thuật lâu hơn. Piezotome là một lựa chọn tốt cho bệnh nhân răng khôn kể cả hàm trên.