bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
NMDA receptor activation induces long-term potentiation of glycine synapses
Authors: Kloc Michelle L. , Pradier Bruno , Chirila Anda M. , Kauer Julie A. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractOf the fast ionotropic synapses, glycinergic synapses are the least well understood, but are vital for the maintenance of inhibitory signaling in the brain and spinal cord. Glycinergic signaling comprises half of the inhibitory signaling in the spinal cord, and glycinergic synapses are likely to regulate local nociceptive processing as well as the transmission to the brain of peripheral nociceptive information. Here we have investigated the rapid and prolonged potentiation of glycinergic synapses in the superficial dorsal horn of young male and female mice after brief activation of NMDA receptors (NMDARs). Glycinergic inhibitory postsynaptic currents (IPSCs) evoked with lamina II-III stimulation in identified GABAergic neurons in lamina II were potentiated by bath-applied Zn2+ and were depressed by the prostaglandin PGE2, consistent with the presence of both GlyRα1- and GlyRα3-containing receptors. NMDA application rapidly potentiated synaptic glycinergic currents. Whole-cell currents evoked by exogenous glycine were also rapidly potentiated by NMDA, indicating that the potentiation results from altered numbers or conductance of postsynaptic glycine receptors. Repetitive depolarization alone of the postsynaptic GABAergic neuron also potentiated glycinergic synapses, and intracellular EGTA prevented both NMDA-induced and depolarization-induced potentiation of glycinergic IPSCs. Driving trpv1 lineage afferents optogenetically also triggered NMDAR-dependent potentiation of glycinergic synapses. Our results suggest that during peripheral injury or inflammation, nociceptor firing during injury is likely to potentiate glycinergic synapses on GABAergic neurons. This disinhibition mechanism may be engaged rapidly, altering dorsal horn circuitry to promote the transmission of nociceptive information to the brain.SignificanceOf the fast ionotropic synapses, glycinergic synapses are the least well understood, yet glycinergic synapses comprise half of the inhibition in the spinal cord, and are likely to regulate local nociceptive processing as well as the transmission to the brain of peripheral nociceptive information. Here we report that bath applied NMDA, repetitive postsynaptic depolarization, or optogenetic activation of primary nociceptor afferents all produce LTP at superficial dorsal horn synapses. During peripheral injury or inflammation, nociceptor firing is likely to engage this mechanism in inhibitory neurons, rapidly altering dorsal horn circuitry to promote the transmission of nociceptive information to the brain.
CELF1 is an EIF4E binding protein that promotes translation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition effector mRNAs
Authors: Chaudhury Arindam , Pal Rituraj , Kongchan Natee , Zhao Na , Zhu Yingmin , Olokpa Emuejevoke , Cheema Shebna A. , del Rincon Sonia , Reineke Lucas C. , Mao Sufeng , Lloyd Richard E. , Sardiello Marco , Rosen Jeffrey M. , Neilson Joel R. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractMounting evidence is revealing a granularity within gene regulation that occurs at the level of mRNA translation. Within mammalian cells, canonical cap-dependent mRNA translation is dependent upon the interaction between the m7G cap-binding protein eukaryotic initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) and the scaffolding protein eukaryotic initiation factor 4G (eIF4G), the latter of which facilitates pre-translation initiation complex assembly, mRNA circularization, and ultimately ribosomal scanning. In breast epithelial cells, we previously demonstrated that the CELF1 RNA-binding protein promotes the translation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) effector mRNAs containing GU-rich elements (GREs) within their 3’ untranslated regions (UTRs). Here we show that within this context, CELF1 directly binds to both the eIF4E cap-binding protein and Poly(A) binding protein (PABP), promoting translation of GRE-containing mRNAs in mesenchymal cells. Disruption of this CELF1/eIF4E interaction inhibits both EMT induction and experimental metastasis. Our findings illustrate a novel way in which non-canonical mechanisms of translation initiation underlie transitional cellular states within the context of development or human disease.
Alteration of Gut Microbiome in Lung Cancer Patients
Authors: Ming Li , Fang Yu , Xiaohui Chen , Huan Zhou , Xiaoqing Wei , Yinhui Liu , Yuanyu Liu , Li Tang , Jieli Yuan , Shu Wen , Jun Chen 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACTLung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death. Better understanding of factors and pathways involved in lung cancer is needed to improve diagnose and treatment strategies. Recent studies have provided insights into the possible correlation between intestinal dysbiosis and cancer development. Although the immunological relationship between gut and lung had been suggested by many researches, however, to date, no study had investigated the characterization of gut microbiome in treatment naïve lung cancer patients, whether it is distinct from that of health individuals and contribute to the onset and development of lung cancer remain unclear. In this study, we investigated whether gut microbiome of lung cancer patients (LC, n=28) is altered compare with that of matched healthy individuals (HC, n=19) by high throughout sequencing of the V3-V4 regions of 16S rDNA in their fecal samples. We also identified microbiota signatures specific for different histological types of lung cancer, including SSC, ADC, and SCLC. The gut microbiome of lung cancer patients is characterized by decreased relative abundance of Prevotella, and increased bacteria groups such as Actinomyces, and Streptococcus, etc. We also detected a mild structural shift in gut microbiome between ADC and SCLC patients. Our results showed that the gut microbiome of lung cancer patients altered significantly compared with healthy individuals. However, the association between microbial dysbiosis and lung cancer is not clearly understood, future studies involving larger cohorts and metagenomics, or metabolomics, may elucidate the correlations between gut microbiota and lung cancer development.IMPORTANCEThis is the first report to show the alteration of gut microbiome in lung cancer patients. Our results showed that the gut microbiome of lung cancer patients altered significantly compared with healthy individuals.
Transgenerational inheritance of betaine-induced epigenetic alterations in estrogen-responsive IGF-2/IGFBP2 genes in rat hippocampus
Authors: Yang Yang , Yang Shu , Jiang Wenduo , Qi Fulei , Zhao Ruqian 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACTBetaine as a methyl donor participates in DNA methylation. Here, we sought to investigate the effects of betaine on hippocampal expression of neurogenesis genes and their DNA methylation status across three generations. Pregnant rats (F0) were fed control and betaine-supplemented diets throughout gestation and lactation; and female F1 and F2 offspring at weaning, together with the F0 dams, were used in the study. Hippocampal expression of aromatase, estrogen receptor α and estrogen related receptor β was down-regulated in F1, together with the estrogen-responsive IGF-2/IGFBP2 genes. However, all these genes were up-regulated in F2, which follows the same pattern of F0. In agreement with changes in mRNA expression, the imprinting control region (ICR) of IGF-2 gene was hypomethylated in F1 but hypermethylated in F2 and F0. In contrast, the promoter DNA methylation status of all the affected genes was hypermethylated in F1 but hypomethylated in F2 and F0. Betaine homocysteine methyltransferase followed same pattern of transgenerational inheritance. These results indicate that betaine exerts a transgenerational effect on hippocampal expression of estrogen-responsive genes in rat offspring, which is associated with corresponding alterations in DNA methylation on ICR of IGF-2 gene and the promoter of affected genes.Author SummaryEpigenetic transgenerational inheritance is defined as the phenotypic change across generations and germline transmission of epigenetic information without direct genetic manipulation or environmental exposure. Maternal and paternal diet has been shown to have transgenerational behavioral and physiological effects. Maternal intake of methyl donors, including folate, betaine, and choline during different gestation period alters epigenetic modifications of many imprinted genes in the genomic DNA isolated from cord blood. Betaine as a methyl donor nutrition plays an important role in brain development. However, the effect of maternal betaine supplementation on transgenerational inheritance of imprinted gene IGF-2 in offspring hippocampus is still unknown. Here, we sought to investigate the effects of betaine on rat hippocampal expression of neurogenesis genes and their DNA methylation status across three generations. We found that betaine significantly decreased estrogen-responsive genes IGF-2/IGFBP2 expression in rat F1 offspring, yet increased in F2 offspring, which is associated with corresponding alterations in DNA methylation on ICR of IGF-2 gene and the promoter of affected genes. Our results suggesting that maternal methyl donor nutrition supplementation may be exert an epigenetic transgenerational effect on female offspring.
Exploring the food tourism landscape and sustainable economic development goals in Dhofar Governorate, Oman
Authors: Enzenbacher Debra J. 
Published: May 2019

Purpose
This exploratory research opens a new avenue of tourism destination enquiry for Dhofar Governorate, Oman. It examines the relationship between the food tourism landscape in the country’s southernmost region and the Government’s stated economic development goals. Tourism is a new industry here and in need of sustainable development. The purpose of this paper is to identify how the natural and human resources of the region may be harnessed to expand food tourism pathways and achieve sustainable economic development e.g. maximising stakeholder benefits.

Design/methodology/approach
The literature review highlights many new developments in food tourism for this baseline study. Qualitative and quantitative (i.e. mixed) methods are used including a case study, a pilot survey of key Government stakeholders in Oman’s Ministry of Tourism, food factory tours and interviews with their executives in Dhofar, direct and participant observation at food establishments and events, visits to popular roadside and market food stalls in Salalah and tourism trend analysis.

Findings
Some recent trends in food tourism elsewhere may be adapted in Salalah and spark interest in the food culture and heritage of Dhofar. This, in turn, may bring multiple benefits to the destination’s stakeholders. The governorate’s environment yields a rich variety of agricultural and other food products that may be used to provide new forms of food tourism and increase the region’s appeal to tourists beyond the Khareef season. Further possible benefits include safeguarding local food knowledge, production, culture and heritage, developing SMEs, creating new jobs and increasing visitor stay and spend.

Research limitations/implications
The study is conducted solely in English, whereas Arabic is the mother tongue in Oman. Dhofar is the country’s largest governorate occupying a vast area, not all of which is covered by the study. More data are needed to inform tourism development, policymaking and planning in Dhofar.

Practical implications
Improving tourism’s sustainability profile, creating successful food tourism products and services and achieving Dhofar’s economic development goals require concerted effort. All are in the best interest of the tourism stakeholders concerned.

Social implications
This paper provides a foundation for future research on this topic. It highlights the importance of placing food tourism development on a sustainable footing to protect and preserve Dhofar’s unique food culture, heritage, traditions and environment, extend the main tourism season and maximise benefits to stakeholders.

Originality/value
Recent trends in food tourism are investigated to gauge their applicability in this dynamic region of Oman. Ideas are presented demonstrating possible food tourism pathways to sustainable economic development that benefit a wide range of stakeholders e.g. food tours, food factory tours and shops, food festivals and cookery-school holidays and/or classes.
An implementation of adjoint-based topology optimization in magnetostatics
Authors: Youness Rtimi , Messine Frederic 
Published: May 2019

Purpose
In magnetostatics, topology optimization (TO) addresses the problem of finding the distributions of both current densities and ferromagnetic materials to comply with fixed magnetic specifications. The purpose of this paper is to develop TO in order to design Hall-effect Thrusters (HETs).

Design/methodology/approach
In fact, TO problems are known to be large-scale optimization problems. The authors therefore adopt the adjoint method to reduce the computation time required to obtain the gradient information. In this paper, they illustrate the continuous variant of the adjoint method in the context of magnetostatics TO. Herein, the authors propose an implementation of the adjoint method then use it within a gradient-based optimization solver fmincon-MATLAB to solve a HET TO design problem.

Findings
By comparison with finite difference method, the authors validate the accuracy of the suggested implementation of the adjoint method. Then, they solve a large-scale HET TO design problem. The resultant design of TO is distinctly original and not intuitive.

Research limitations/implications
In this paper, the authors introduce TO as a tool that has allowed them to explore new and innovative design of a HET. However, although the design presented is original, its manufacture is not feasible. Thus, a discussion section has been included at the end of paper to suggest a possible way to concretize topological solutions.

Practical implications
TO helps to explore more original design possibilities. In this paper, the authors present an implementation of the adjoint method that makes it possible to solve efficiently and in less central processing unit time large-scale TO design problem.

Originality/value
An easy implementation of the adjoint method is presented in magnetostatics TO. This implementation was first validated by comparison with the finite difference method and then used to solve a large-scale design problem. The result of the TO design problem is distinctly original and non-intuitive.
A three-step process for reporting progress in detail engineering using BIM, based on experiences from oil and gas projects
Authors: Mejlænder-Larsen Øystein 
Published: May 2019

Purpose
Traditionally, progress in detail engineering in construction projects is reported based on estimates and manual input from the disciplines in the engineering team. Reporting progress on activities in an engineering schedule manually, based on subjective evaluations, is time consuming and can reduce accuracy, especially in larger and multi-disciplinary projects. How can progress in detail engineering be reported using BIM and connected to activities in an engineering schedule? The purpose of this paper is to introduce a three-step process for reporting progress in detail engineering using building information modeling (BIM) to minimize manual reporting and increase quality and accuracy.

Design/methodology/approach
The findings of this paper are based on the studies of experiences from the execution of projects in the oil and gas industry. Data are collected from an engineering, procurement and construction (EPC) contractor and two engineering contractors using case study research.

Findings
In the first step, control objects in building information models are introduced. Statuses are added to control objects to fulfill defined quality levels related to milestones. In the second step, the control objects with statuses are used to report visual progress and aggregated in an overall progress report. In the third step, overall progress from building information models are connected to activities in an engineering schedule.

Originality/value
Existing research works related to monitoring and reporting progress using a BIM focus on construction and not on detail engineering. The research demonstrates that actual progress in detail engineering can be visualized and reported through the use of BIM and extracted to activities in an engineering schedule through a three-step process.
Sexual health principles and the procurement of sexual services: evidence of the interface between sexual health and criminal justice
Authors: Birch Philip , Braun-Harvey Doug 
Published: May 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between sexual health principles and the procurement of sexual services. Most that has been written about sex work has been done so from the perspective of deviancy; in contrast, recent work examining the practice of sex work has explored and evidenced how emotional and intimacy needs are met through procurement. Recognising the conventional aspects of procuring sexual services, this paper seeks to examine and understand this social practice through applying Braun-Harvey and Vigorito’s (2015) six principles of sexual health.Design/methodology/approachBased on a mixed method approach, this paper presents findings from a survey consisting of a sample of 309 men who procure sexual services and 20 interviews from a sub-sample of the men who were surveyed and female sex workers who provide such services.FindingsThe findings illustrate the reasons for men’s procurement of sexual services, which corroborate with the accounts of women who sell the services and reflect how the procurement of sexual services align with principles of sexual health, which, in turn, challenge the stigma of buying sex.Practical implicationsThe practical implications of this study are: provision of examining and understanding sex work through the principles of sexual health; provision of a framework to examine and understand sex work in a less stigmatising way; support for the growth of sexual health and criminal justice research; and provision of a platform for further research examining sexual health, sex work and decriminalisation.Originality/valueThis study is unique as it brings together principles of sexual health as a tool for examining the procurement of sexual services, a practice that is demonised in many parts of the globe. A consequence of this study is its presentation of a novel understanding for the social practice of procurement that aides in both challenging the stigmatisation and criminalisation of sex work.
Emergency contraceptive pill use among women of reproductive age in Pathein, Myanmar
Authors: Htun Khin Wai Wai , Yodmai Korravarn , Taechaboonsermsak Pimsurang 
Published: May 2019

Purpose
Emergency contraceptive pills (ECPs) allow a second chance to prevent unwanted pregnancy in unplanned sexual intercourse. Therefore, it helps reduce the rate of induced or unsafe abortions. Although they are available over-the-counter in Myanmar, relevant information remains improperly known by women and its use is limited. The purpose of this paper is to identify the prevalence and associated factors of ECPs use among women of reproductive age in the delta region of Myanmar.

Design/methodology/approach
This community based cross-sectional study was conducted in Pathein Township, Ayeyarwady Division, Myanmar from March 30 to April 29, 2018. This study was conducted among 238 respondents selected using multistage sampling and face-to-face interviews employed structured questionnaires. Multiple logistic regression was used to analyze the associations among variables.

Findings
The prevalence of ECPs use among reproductive aged women was 11.3 percent. Factors significantly associated with ECPs use were high monthly family income (AOR=4.50, 95% CI=1.31–15.48), condom use (AOR=4.40, 95% CI=1.07–18.16) and never having experienced pregnancy (AOR=6.20, 95% CI=2.06–18.67).

Originality/value
To improve the use of ECPs, extension of services such as opening hours or working days is needed. The government and NGOs should implement the services to support women who have encountered unplanned sexual intercourse so that unwanted pregnancy can be prevented.
Scoping review of mentoring research in the occupational therapy literature, 2002–2018
Authors: Doyle Nancy W. , Gafni Lachter Liat , Jacobs Karen 
Published: May 2019

IntroductionMentoring affords personalised learning for professional growth. Research across disciplines has shown mentoring to positively affect behaviour, attitude, motivation, job performance, organisational commitment, and career productivity and success. This study was conducted to provide an overview of research focussed on mentoring practices and related outcomes specific to the occupational therapy profession.MethodsThis study follows Arksey and O’Malley’s five main scoping review stages. PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Web of Science, ERIC, Social Services Abstract, ScienceDirect and ProQuest databases were searched for mentoring practices in the occupational therapy profession. Inclusion criteria were: empirical studies of mentoring provided to occupational therapy students, practitioners, faculty and researchers, published in English between January 2002 and December 2018. Studies of mentoring provided to occupational therapy clients were excluded. Data were extracted for quantitative information about study characteristics and qualitative information about mentoring processes and outcomes.ResultsOf 1313 retrieved resources, 20 empirical studies were selected for analysis. In these studies, occupational therapy entry‐level students, post‐professional students, educators, researchers and clinicians were mentored in education, research and clinical areas of practice. Mentoring definitions, rationale, approaches and measurement methods were varied. Mentoring processes and relationships were facilitated by mechanisms of creating a plan, using mentoring strategies and providing support. Common defining terms, mechanisms and outcomes of mentoring were extracted and categorised into: support, learning, process and relationship. Mentoring outcomes were related to knowledge acquisition and translation, professional behaviours, increased productivity and professional networking.ConclusionThis scoping review presented commonalities of mentoring definitions, mechanisms and outcomes in empirically studied mentoring experiences and programmes in the occupational therapy profession. Methodological gaps in this research emphasise the need for occupational therapy practitioners and researchers to continue researching mentoring experiences by integrating theoretical frameworks, uniform definitions, rigorous design and standardised measures to evaluate the effectiveness of mentoring.