bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Newborn and infant physical examination standards in a dedicated clinic for developmental dysplasia of the hip
Authors: Humphry S , Thompson D , Evans R , Price N , Williams P 
Published: June 2018

Introduction In 2014 our centre started a dedicated clinic for developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). The aim of the clinic was to streamline DDH referrals, enabling timely review, imaging and multidisciplinary treatment. Ongoing audit has been carried out based on the UK National Screening Committee newborn and infant physical examination (NIPE) guidelines, first published in 2008. Methods A three-year prospective audit was undertaken between 2014 and 2016 assessing compliance with NIPE standards (ST2b and ST2d) relating to timeliness of expert consultation following positive ultrasonography findings of DDH with positive examination or risk factors. Results A total of 257 babies born between January 2014 and December 2016 were seen in our dedicated DDH clinic, with 106 with abnormalities on ultrasonography and 54 requiring treatment. Compliance with ‘expert consultation within 4 weeks of age for babies with an abnormality detected on clinical examination and positive ultrasonography’ improved from 50% in 2014 to 53% in 2015 and 71% in 2016. Compliance with ‘expert consultation within 8 weeks of age for babies with positive risk factors, negative examination and positive ultrasonography’ improved from 65% in 2014 to 93% in 2015 and 100% in 2016. Conclusions This prospective audit assessing timeliness of expert consultation has demonstrated ongoing improvements between 2014 and 2016. A greater proportion of babies with ultrasonography evidence of DDH have been seen at the appropriate time. In the majority of cases, this has enabled timely non-invasive treatment with a Pavlik harness rather than surgery.
Desafíos actuales de la educación: navegando entre la incertidumbre y las certezas.
Authors: Fabro Ana Patricia 
Published: June 2018

El presente artículo propone reflexionar sobre los desafíos actuales de la educación, realizando un análisis de las diferentes miradas que fueron emergiendo en el campo de la enseñanza y los aprendizajes.
Para entender de forma cabal la tarea de educar, es preciso revisar la concepción asentada en la simplicidad y construir otra que se sustente en la complejidad. Al decir de Miguel Ángel Santos Guerra, es un error de graves consecuencias pensar a la tarea educativa desde un paradigma simplificante.
Edgar Morin señala "que un pensamiento parcelario, compartimental, dispersivo, que rompe el conjunto, es miope, présbita y ciego”. Considerar a la educación como una tarea basada en la linealidad, simplicidad, orden y certidumbre, impide la comprensión de un mundo que es contrario a ello: complejo y aleatorio.
Los docentes debemos enfrentar entonces, el desafío de formar a nuestros alumnos para un universo complejo de incertidumbres, para un mundo que cambia a diario y que perturba por su inestabilidad, preparándolos para que asuman un aprendizaje autónomo, para que puedan elegir estrategias y para que aprendan a tomar decisiones.
Relationships between violent video games and cognition
Authors: Baykal Nur Baser , Irak Metehan 
Published: June 2018

AbstractObjectives: The differential effects of playing violent video games on information processing has become an issue of concern. Neuropsychological studies provide inconsistent results regarding the effects of playing excessive video games on information processing. The goal of this study was to investigate the effect of violent video games on various cognitive processes, specifically working memory, object recognition, and visual-spatial perception. The relationships between violent video game addiction and aggression, personality, and craving were also investigated. Method: 54 university students were classified into three different groups (addicted, risk, and control) according to the time they spent game playing and their Game Addiction Scale scores. Results: Game addicted individuals have higher scores on aggression, craving, urging, and psychoticism than other groups. Significant differences in reaction times during cognitive tasks were also found. The game addicted groupâ€™s reaction times were significantly faster than for risk and non-player groups. Conclusion: This study supports previous findings that violent game playing is related with aggressive thoughts, craving, and urging. However, violent game addiction does not have negative effects on working memory, object recognition, and visual-spatial perception.
Keywords: Game addiction, violent games, aggression, cognition.
A review of Current Studies of Mobile Learning
Authors: Sönmez Abdulvahap , Göçmez Lütfiye , Uygun Derya , Ataizi Murat 
Published: June 2018

Technological developments
influence educational systems. It has been understood that educational
environments are not limited to schools. With the use of computers and the
internet in educational systems, occasions to access information have changed,
and such concepts as mobile learning have occurred. In recent years, mobile
learning (m-learning) has been an important component of distance education.
For that reason, the
aim of this study is to summarize and synthesize research findings in the
literature by employing literature review. On this basis, research published
between 2013 and 2017 was included to the content of this study. Throughout the research, 11 research articles
were found and 9 of them were selected. Purposes, methodologies, and outcomes of
these researches were explained. Therefore, the study is considered to be important
since it tried to reveal the related research trends of mobile learning.
A Personal Reminiscence: Why Steinbeck Matters to Me
Authors: Ray William 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
The anniversary of John Steinbeck's death is cause for celebration and for examining how and why he still matters to readers fifty years later. This reader came to Steinbeck late in life, aided by luck, leisure, and help from friends like Christopher Hitchens, whose writing about Steinbeck and George Orwell, the writer who mattered most to Hitchens, became a map and key to connections that reveal much about Steinbeck that is missed when he is read in isolation. The reader's education and life experience are brought to bear as proof of Steinbeck's enduring value, and a counterstatement on Steinbeck by Peter Hitchens is offered as evidence that Steinbeck mattered differently but deeply to two readers who were as different as Cain and Abel. Passages from Orwell, Steinbeck, and Edward Ricketts are quoted and compared to show how growing up as Episcopalians gave them a common grounding and frame of reference, and their funeral arrangements are described and compared to show how atheists retain a respect for ritual and scripture. Recent writing by and about Joan Didion is cited as evidence that reading Steinbeck opens new vistas on other writers and past experience.
Polarization‐Sensitive Momentum‐Matching Interlayer Excitons for Infrared Photodetection
Authors: Che Zelin , Deng Wenjie , Li Jingzhen , Zhao Chen , Wang Fakun , Wu Yi , Wang Qi Jie , Qiu Chengwei , Zhang Yongzhe 
Published: November 2024

Abstract2D materials hold potential for developing low‐cost, high‐performance broadband polarized infrared photodetectors. However, the development of 2D broadband polarized infrared photodetectors is largely constrained by the fixed bandgap spectral (cutoff wavelength) limitations of available semiconductors. Here, an approach is presented that leverages anisotropic interlayer excitons (IEXs) within a type‐II van der Waals heterojunction, achieving polarization photoresponse beyond the intrinsic bandgap spectral limits of its constituent semiconductors. By constructing heterojunctions using CrPS4 and ReS2, a unique type‐II band alignment, enabling strong anisotropic optical excitation is achieved through the interlayer sub‐bandgap, which is lower than the intrinsic bandgaps of both CrPS4 and ReS2. The heterojunction exhibits a responsivity of 0.3 A W−1 and a polarization ratio of 1.3 at an incident photon energy of 0.8 eV, comparable to naturally anisotropic materials with intrinsic bandgaps. Additionally, the potential of anisotropic IEXs is demonstrated for dual‐band polarization detection by introducing a ReS2/CrPS4/MoS2 heterojunctions with distinct inte rlayer sub‐bandgaps. This flexible design of IEXs offers a new platform for multi‐dimensional optical sensing and on‐chip optoelectronic applications.
3D‐Printed Polymeric Biomaterials for Health Applications
Authors: Zhu Yuxiang , Guo Shenghan , Ravichandran Dharneedar , Ramanathan Arunachalam , Sobczak M. Taylor , Sacco Alaina F. , Patil Dhanush , Thummalapalli Sri Vaishnavi , Pulido Tiffany V. , Lancaster Jessica N. , Yi Johnny , Cornella Jeffrey L. , Lott David G. , Chen Xiangfan , Mei Xuan , Zhang Yu Shrike , Wang Linbing , Wang Xianqiao , Zhao Yiping , Hassan Mohammad K. , Chambers Lindsay B. , Theobald Taylor G. , Yang Sui , Liang Liang , Song Kenan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract3D printing, also known as additive manufacturing, holds immense potential for rapid prototyping and customized production of functional health‐related devices. With advancements in polymer chemistry and biomedical engineering, polymeric biomaterials have become integral to 3D‐printed biomedical applications. However, there still exists a bottleneck in the compatibility of polymeric biomaterials with different 3D printing methods, as well as intrinsic challenges such as limited printing resolution and rates. Therefore, this review aims to introduce the current state‐of‐the‐art in 3D‐printed functional polymeric health‐related devices. It begins with an overview of the landscape of 3D printing techniques, followed by an examination of commonly used polymeric biomaterials. Subsequently, examples of 3D‐printed biomedical devices are provided and classified into categories such as biosensors, bioactuators, soft robotics, energy storage systems, self‐powered devices, and data science in bioplotting. The emphasis is on exploring the current capabilities of 3D printing in manufacturing polymeric biomaterials into desired geometries that facilitate device functionality and studying the reasons for material choice. Finally, an outlook with challenges and possible improvements in the near future is presented, projecting the contribution of general 3D printing and polymeric biomaterials in the field of healthcare.
Strain‐Induced Tunable Enhancement of Piezoelectricity in a Novel Molecular Multiferroic Material
Authors: Pan Qiang , Xiong Yu‐An , Sha Tai‐Ting , Feng Zi‐Jie , Zhou Ru‐Jie , Yao Jie , Hu Hui‐Hui , You Yu‐Meng 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMultiferroics are appealing because of application potentials in data storage devices, sensors, transducers, and energy harvesters. Molecular multiferroics emerge as a promising alternative to inorganic multiferroics due to flexibility, light weight, low toxicity, solution processing, structural diversity, and chemical tunability. While researches have predominantly focused on perovskite structures, studies on molecular ionic multiferroics remain relatively limited. It is urgent to creatively build a novel platform for studying and developing the coupling and interaction between the stress, electricity, and magnetism. Knowing this, the work focuses on a novel organic–inorganic hybrid multiferroic N‐ethyl‐N‐(fluoromethyl)‐N‐methylethylammonium tetrabromoferrate (III) showing coexisting magnetic and electric orderings. It undergoes antiferromagnetic, ferroelectric, and ferroelastic transitions. Notably, under a strain of 2.0%, the piezoelectric response increases tenfold, and the coercive field of ferroelectric polarization is reduced by half. The strain‐induced enhancement of piezoelectricity is rarely reported in molecular multiferroics. Density functional theory is employed to predict that the mechanism of the large piezoelectric response under strain engineering is related to the cation rotation and phase switching between the stable phase and an energetically competitive metastable phase. This study creates a new paradigm to develop molecular multiferroics and future microelectronic devices for energy conversion.
Unlocking the Trade‐off Between Intrinsic and Interfacial Thermal Transport of Boron Nitride Nanosheets by Surface Functionalization for Advanced Thermal Interface Materials
Authors: An Lulu , An Meng , Yao Bing , Song Jiangnan , Zhang Xing , Ma Weigang 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe increasing computing power of AI presents a major challenge for high‐power chip solution and heat dissipation. Boron nitride nanosheet‐based thermal interface materials (BNNS‐based TIMs) exhibit excellent electrical insulation property, ensuring the secure and stable operation of chips. However, the efficiency of micro/nano interfacial thermal transport is limited, impeding further enhancements in the thermal conductivity (TC) of BNNS‐based TIMs. Here, a strategy of surface functionalization is reported to unlock the trade‐off between the intrinsic and interfacial thermal transport of BNNS within TIMs. These results suggest that the surface functionalization maintains the intrinsic high TC of BNNS while significantly increasing binding energy between micro/nano interfaces in BNNS‐based TIMs, effectively reducing interfacial thermal resistance of BNNS joint interfaces and interfaces between BNNSs and the matrix by 50% and 26.1%, respectively. The BNNS‐based TIMs exhibit excellent TC (≈21–25 W/(m·K)) and ultralow Young's modulus, which can promote the development of flexible high‐performance chip cooling technology in the AI industry.
Powder‐Sintered Hierarchically Porous PMMA with Optimal Pore Parameters for Passive Daytime Radiative Cooling
Authors: Li Yupeng , Zhao Hui , Meng Xiangren , Zhao Yishu , Liu Haodong , Lei Mingkai , Lakhtakia Akhlesh 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPorous radiative cooling polymers have drawn significant attention for passive daytime cooling due to their desirable cooling performance and easy scalability. Since optimal pore parameters (i.e., pore diameter and porosity) will enhance light scattering, polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) powders are sintered to fabricate samples with different pore parameters by the one‐step full‐dry powder sintering method. These samples have a hierarchically porous structure with pore diameters <5.0 µm. The most porous sample has 43% porosity, 0.964 reflectance in the 0.3–2.5 µm wavelength range, and 0.967 emittance in 8–13 µm wavelength range (which is the atmospheric window). The measured cooling temperature difference decreases when the porosity is low for hierarchically porous PMMA with similar pore size distribution. The high sub‐ambient cooling temperature reduction provided by hierarchically porous PMMA with optimal pore parameters is due to high solar reflectance when illuminated by the sun. Similar cooling trends are evident when sunlight is simulated by a Xenon lamp and an optical filter. The powder‐sintered hierarchically porous PMMA with optimal pore parameters can be an excellent radiative cooler for passive daytime cooling applications.
Electrochemical Nanoimprinting of Colored Infrared Reflective Patterns for Radiative Heating
Authors: Woo Ho Kun , Qian Boqiang , Sultana Papia , Zhou Kai , Ferreira Placid , Cai Lili 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMetallic nanostructures hold immense promise for radiative heating technology because of their distinctive capability to simultaneously achieve high mid‐infrared reflectance and generate vibrant colors through structural or plasmonic effects. However, fabricating metallic nanostructures remains challenging using traditional top–down techniques. Here, the solid‐state superionic stamping (S4) process is demonstrated as a scalable and economical tool to electrochemically imprint metallic grid nano‐patterns onto flexible substrates. With precise control over grid width and length at the nanoscale, the S4 approach enables the fabrication of nano‐patterned grid coatings exhibiting a spectrum of colors. These coatings also show high mid‐infrared reflectance exceeding 80% at 9.5 µm, leading to radiative heating effects of 5.9 and 3.1 °C compared to bare skin and cotton, respectively. This work introduces a viable strategy for creating colored infrared‐reflective patterns, paving the way for diverse thermal management applications.
Self‐Healing Hyaluronic Acid‐based Hydrogel with miRNA140‐5p Loaded MON‐PEI Nanoparticles for Chondrocyte Regeneration: Schiff Base Self‐Assembly Approach
Authors: Zhu Wei , Wang Han , Feng Bin , Liu Guangli , Bian Yixin , Zhao Tianhao , Wang Qi , Weng Xisheng 
Published: November 2024

AbstractArticular cartilage defects present a significant therapeutic challenge due to the inherent avascular and aneural characteristics of cartilage tissue. Gene therapy has emerged as a promising strategy for cartilage regeneration, particularly through the use of functional RNA and biomaterial‐assisted frameworks. In this study, an innovative gene‐activated self‐healing hydrogel is developed and fabricated for the controlled release of miR140‐5p, a key regulator of cartilage regeneration. The hydrogel, crosslinked via UV radiation, is composed of aminated hyaluronic acid and a modified photosensitizer (NB). To enhance the scaffold's structural integrity and gene delivery efficiency, mineralized silk fibroin and miR140‐5p‐loaded MON‐PEI nanoparticles are incorporated. These findings demonstrate that this novel hydrogel (miR140‐5p‐CaP@mSF‐HA‐NB) effectively encapsulates and releases miR140‐5p, exhibits excellent biocompatibility, and promotes enhanced cartilage regeneration in both in vitro and in vivo models. Therefore, this gene‐activated hydrogel holds significant potential for clinical applications in the treatment of articular cartilage defects.
Guanidine‐Derived Polymeric Nanoinhibitors Target the Lysosomal V‐ATPase and Activate AMPK Pathway to Ameliorate Liver Lipid Accumulation
Authors: Zhao Yunfei , Hu Ke , Wang Fangliang , Zhao Lulu , Su Yu , Chen Jun , Zou Gang , Yang Liming , Wei Li , Deng Mengjiao , He Yunyu , Wang Ping , Ruan Xiong Z , Chen Yaxi , Yu Chao 
Published: November 2024

AbstractCurrent research efforts in polymer and nanotechnology applications are primarily focused on cargo delivery to enhance the therapeutic index, with limited attention being paid to self‐molecularly targeted nanoparticles, which may also exhibit significant therapeutic potential. Long‐term and anomalous lipid accumulation in the liver is a highly relevant factor contributing to liver diseases. However, the development of the reliable medications and their pharmacological mechanisms remain insufficient. Herein, a polyguanide nanoinhibitors (PGNI) depot is constructed by copolymerizing biguanide derivatives in different proportions onto prepolymers. The nanoinhibitors for their ability to ameliorate lipid accumulation in vitro and in vivo is screened, and subsequently demonstrated that covalently polymeric guanidine chains exhibit superior efficacy in ameliorating hepatic lipid accumulation via heterogeneous mechanisms compared to small‐molecule guanidine. It is found that PGNIs stabilize guanidine metabolism in the liver, preferably for biosafety. More importantly, PGNI is ingested and localized in hepatocyte lysosomes and is locked to interact with vesicular adenosine triphosphatase (V‐ATPase) on lysosomes, leading to the inhibition of V‐ATPase and lysosomal acidification, thereby activating the AMPK pathway, reducing fatty acid synthesis, and enhancing lipolysis and fatty acid oxidation. These results imply that polymer‐formed nanoparticles can serve as targeted inhibitors, offering a novel approach for therapeutic applications.
PIWIL2/PDK1 Axis Promotes the Progression of Cervical Epithelial Lesions via Metabolic Reprogramming to Maintain Tumor‐Initiating Cell Stemness
Authors: Li Yuebo , Wang Wenhui , Xu Dongkui , Liang Haiyan , Yu Huan , Zhou Ying , Liang Jing , Sun Heming , Liu Xiaodie , Xue Ming , Ling Bin , Feng Dingqing 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWhen PIWIL2 expression is restored via heterogeneous integration of human papillomavirus, cellular reprogramming is initiated to form tumor‐initiating cells (TICs), which triggers cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions (SIL). TIC stemness is critical for the prognosis of SIL. However, the mechanisms underlying TIC stemness maintenance and tumorigenicity remain unclear. Here, it is revealed that aberrant pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1 (PDK1) expression is closely related to aerobic glycolysis in SIL and poor survival in patients with cervical cancer. Mechanistically, that PIWIL2, which induced by stable transfection of either PIWIL2 or HPV16 oncogene E6 in human primary cervical basal epithelial cells and keratinocyte cell line HaCaT, upregulates PDK1 expression via the LIN28/let‐7 axis, hence reprogramming metabolism to activate glycolysis and synchronize with TIC formation. It is further demonstrate that PDK1 is critical for TIC stemness maintenance and tumorigenicity via the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway both in vitro and in vivo, revealing a previously unclear mechanism for SIL progression, regression or relapse. Therefore, this findings suggest a potential rationale for prognostic predictions and selecting targeted therapy for cervical lesions.
Single‐Atom Barium Promoter Enormously Enhanced Non‐Noble Metal Catalyst for Ammonia Decomposition
Authors: Xu Kai , Zhang Yuan‐Yi , Wang Wei‐Wei , Peng Mi , Liu Jin‐Cheng , Ma Chao , Zhang Ya‐Wen , Jia Chun‐Jiang , Ma Ding , Yan Chun‐Hua 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAs a well‐established topic, single‐atom catalyst has drawn growing interest for its high utilization of metal. However, researchers prefer to develop various active metals with single‐atom form, the intrinsic roles of single‐atom promoters are usually underrated, which are significant in boosting reaction activity. In this work, Ba single atoms were in situ prepared in the Co−Ba/Y2O3 catalyst with crystallized BaCO3 as the precursor under the ammonia decomposition reaction condition. The optimized Co−Ba/Y2O3 catalyst achieves extremely high H2 production rate of 138.3 mmolH2 ⋅ gcat−1 ⋅ min−1 at very low temperature (500 °C, GHSV=840,000 mL ⋅ g−1 ⋅ h−1) and Co−Ba/Y2O3 exhibits excellent durability during the 350 h test, which realizes the highest activity among all non‐noble catalysts, and reaches or even exceeds numerous reported Ru‐based catalysts. Both Y2O3 and Co demonstrate positive interactions with Ba, which significantly facilitates the dispersion of Ba species at high temperatures (≥600 °C). Ba single atoms significantly enhance the charge density of Co and form additionally active Co−O−Ba−Y2O3 interfacial sites, which alleviates hydrogen poisoning and decreases the reaction barrier of the N−H bond activation of *NH. The exploration of atomically dispersed promoters is groundbreaking in heterogeneous catalysis, which opens up a whole new domain of catalytic material.