bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluating the impact of Uber on London's taxi service: A strategic review
Authors: Skok Walter , Baker Samantha 
Published: June 2018

This paper considers how London's private hire vehicle (PHV) industry and the regulatory authority, Transport for London, can react to Uber's well‐funded, aggressive entry into the marketplace, outlines the new challenges they face, and describes the strategic directions that are available to the PHV industry for their survival.Using a narrative enquiry, the study explores the impact from the co‐evolution of 3 megatrends (information and communication technology advancement, paradigm change, and public preferences) to understand and interpret the methods being deployed to compete, issues faced by drivers, stakeholders' perceptions of regulations, and the options for the future direction of the industry.The research concludes that the impact has been profound, with themes emerging such as passenger safety, driver employment status, sustaining operators' service levels, and regulatory changes. Moreover, there is a premise that short‐term planning is dominant, which raises concerns regarding the move towards electric and autonomous vehicles.The research also recommends practical methods for small private hire operators to review their business models in the form of a roadmap.An app is also proposed in order to aid in implementing a stakeholder engagement strategy and to manage future regulatory requirements.Finally, suggestions are made for further research to identify the future direction of London's PHV industry, considering the Mayor of London's draft transport strategy, and to clarify drivers' employment status.The paper may be useful to taxi service operators and regulators in other international cities that are faced with the disruptive nature of smartphone technology to their traditional working practices.
Development of Ligand‐based Big Data Deep Neural Network Models for Virtual Screening of Large Compound Libraries
Authors: Xiao Tao , Qi Xingxing , Chen Yuzong , Jiang Yuyang 
Published: June 2018

AbstractHigh‐performance ligand‐based virtual screening (VS) models have been developed using various computational methods, including the deep neural network (DNN) method. There are high expectations for exploration of the advanced capabilities of DNN to improve VS performance, and this capability has been optimally achieved using large data training datasets. However, their ability to screen large compound libraries has not been evaluated. There is a need for developing and evaluating ligand‐based large data DNN VS models for large compound libraries. In this study, we developed ligand‐based large data DNN VS models for inhibitors of six anticancer targets using 0.5 M training compounds. The developed VS models were evaluated by 10‐fold cross‐validation, achieving 77.9‐97.8 % sensitivity, 99.9‐100 % specificity, 0.82‐0.98 Matthews correlation coefficient and 0.98‐0.99 area under the curve, outperforming random forest models. Moreover, DNN VS models developed by pre‐2015 inhibitors identified 50 % of post‐2015 inhibitors with a 0.01‐0.09 % false positive rate in screening 89 M PubChem compounds, also outperforming previous models. Experimental assays of the selected virtual hits of the EGFR inhibitor model led to reasonable novel structures of EGFR inhibitors. Our results confirmed the usefulness of the large data DNN model as a ligand‐based VS tool to screen large compound libraries.
Hypo‐elastic and hyper‐elastic equations of soils
Authors: Hashiguchi Koichi 
Published: June 2018

SummaryThe hypoelastic constitutive equation has been adopted widely for the description of elastic deformation of soils. However, the hyperelastic equation must be adopted to describe the elastic deformation exactly. Further, the multiplicative decomposition of the deformation gradient tensor must be adopted to describe both elastic and the plastic deformation exactly in the elastoplastic constitutive equation. The pertinent hypoelastic and the consistent infinitesimal and multiplicative hyperelastic equations of soils are formulated within the frameworks of the hypoelastic‐based plasticity, the infinitesimal‐hyperelasticity, and the multiplicative‐hyperelasticity in this article.
Enhancement of photovoltaic performances of Cu (In,Ga)(S,Se)2 solar cell through combination of heat‐light soaking and light soaking processes
Authors: Chantana Jakapan , Kato Takuya , Sugimoto Hiroki , Minemoto Takashi 
Published: June 2018

AbstractPotassium‐treated Cu (In,Ga)(S,Se)2 (CIGSSe)‐based solar cell with power conversion efficiency (η) of 19.4% is obtained using high transparent Cd0.75Zn0.25S/Zn0.79Mg0.21O/Zn0.88Mg0.12O:Al layers to minimize optical loss at short wavelength (~520 nm) and to control total conduction band minimum alignment. To further enhance η, the post treatment named HLS + LS process, including heat‐light soaking (HLS) at 110°C under AM 1.5G illumination followed by light soaking (LS) under AM 1.5G illumination, is conducted successively on the as‐fabricated solar cell. It is revealed that HLS in the HLS + LS process mainly yields the increase in open‐circuit voltage. On the other hand, LS in the HLS + LS process primarily leads to the increase in fill factor, attributable to the decrease in sheet resistance of Zn0.88Mg0.12O:Al. The HLS + LS process consequently gives rise to not only the enhancement of carrier concentration but also the decrease in the recombination rate at the buffer/absorber interface through passivating the recombination centers. As a result, 21.2%‐efficient CIGSSe solar cell with the Cd0.75Zn0.25S/Zn0.79Mg0.21O/Zn0.88Mg0.12O:Al layers is attained after the HLS + LS process, which is an effective process to enhance photovoltaic performances.
The effectiveness of supplemental phonics instruction employing constant time delay instruction for struggling readers
Authors: Bradley Rachel L. , Noell George H. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThis study examined the provision of supplemental instruction using constant time delay for struggling readers who had fallen behind in developing word‐blending skills. Additionally, the study examined the utility of adding a material reward contingency to the instructional program with a contingency derived from percentile‐shaping procedures. Procedures were compared in a withdrawal design applied across blocks of letters with word blending as the target response. Participants exhibited substantial learning gains when provided constant time delay instruction in phonics skills as compared to baseline demonstrating clear experimental control. Results for the constant time delay plus reward contingency conditions were clearly differentiated from baseline but undifferentiated from the other instructional conditions. The implications of the findings for intervention for struggling readers and future research relevant to more comprehensive reading interventions are discussed.
The lived experience of head and neck cancer patients receiving curative radiotherapy: A systematic review and meta‐ethnography
Authors: Fitchett Russell C. , Aldus Edward J. , Fitchett Lucy R. , Cross Jane 
Published: June 2018

AbstractObjectiveThis review aims to explore, appraise, and synthesise the existing evidence of the meaning that head and neck cancer (HNC) patients assign to the experience of receiving curative radiotherapy.MethodsQualitative evidence synthesis was undertaken using meta‐ethnography. Published literature was identified using 7 databases: AMED, ASSIA, CINAHL, EMBASE, MEDLINE, PubMed, and PsycINFO. Databases were searched from January 2005 to April 2017. The strategy was supplemented by grey literature and citation searches.ResultsOut of 1403 titles, 57 abstracts and 35 full texts were screened. Ultimately, 8 studies were eligible for inclusion. The evidence base was moderate to strong in quality. Most of the studies showed that HNC patients undergoing radiotherapy have unmet needs. Four related concepts were identified: the disruption to life that the disease and radiotherapy treatment cause, patients' feelings of isolation, the need for patients to make sense of their situation, and the waiting and uncertainty that radiotherapy creates.ConclusionsThe current literature suggests that both HNC and radiotherapy cause disruption in patients' lives. Radiotherapy causes many unpleasant side effects, and in this difficult treatment period, HNC patients feel isolated, uncertain, and in need of coping strategies. Therapeutic radiographers are ideally placed to offer a supportive relationship. By having a deeper understanding of patients' lived experience, radiographers may form stronger relationships and more effectively help patients through their radiotherapy.
A dose finding clinical trial of cabozantinib (XL184) administered in combination with abiraterone acetate in metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer
Authors: Choudhury Atish D. , Gray Kathryn P. , Supko Jeffrey G. , Harshman Lauren C. , Taplin Mary‐Ellen , Pace Amanda F. , Farina Matthew , Zukotynski Katherine A. , Bernard Brandon , Kantoff Philip W. , Pomerantz Mark , Sweeney Christopher 
Published: June 2018

BackgroundCabozantinib can enhance the effect of abiraterone in preclinical prostate cancer models. This study aimed to define the recommended phase 2 dose (RP2D) and preliminary efficacy of abiraterone + cabozantinib in mCRPC.MethodsPatients with progressive mCRPC with 0‐2 prior chemotherapy regimens but no prior CYP17A1 or MET inhibitor received abiraterone acetate at 1000 mg daily with prednisone 5 mg BID in combination with cabozantinib at 20, 40, or 60 mg daily in a dose‐escalation 3 + 3 open‐label phase 1 design (Part A). After tolerable doses were defined, cohorts were expanded to better define toxicity and efficacy (Part B).ResultsThere were no dose‐limiting toxicities (DLTs) in the first 4 weeks at any of the three dose levels in Part A. Two of the three patients at the 60 mg dose level required dose reductions beyond cycle 2 due to fatigue. In Part B, nine more patients were accrued to each of the 20 and 40 mg doses. Of the 12 patients treated at the 40 mg dose, only one DLT (grade 3 Lipase elevation) was observed in cycle 1. The median time to radiographic progression was 12.88 months (95% CI:5.42‐ not estimated [NE]) in the 20 mg cohort and 22.01 months (95% CI:15.44‐NE) in the 40 mg cohort. Median overall survival was 23.29 months (95% CI:19.06‐NE) in the 20 mg cohort and 39.08 months (95% CI:17.38‐NE) in the 40 mg cohort.ConclusionsBased on tolerability and preliminary efficacy, 40 mg cabozantinib plus 1000 mg abiraterone daily is the RP2D.
Treatment selection for men with metastatic prostate cancer who progress on upfront chemo‐hormonal therapy
Authors: Barata Pedro , Emamekhoo Hamid , Mendiratta Prateek , Koshkin Vadim , Tyler Allison , Ornstein Moshe , Rini Brian I. , Gilligan Timothy , Kyriakopoulos Christos , Garcia Jorge A. 
Published: June 2018

BackgroundAndrogen deprivation therapy plus docetaxel (D‐ADT) increases overall survival (OS) in men with high‐volume, metastatic hormone‐sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC). Although the vast majority of men initially respond to D‐ADT, most will progress and develop castration‐resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Little is known about the optimal treatment sequence for men with progressive disease on D‐ADT.Patient and MethodsRetrospective analysis of consecutive mHSPC patients treated with ≥3 cycles of D‐ADT at Cleveland Clinic and University of Wisconsin‐Madison was undertaken. The primary end‐points included radiographic progression free survival (rPFS) and OS with first‐line treatment for metastatic CRPC (mCRPC).ResultsFinal analysis included 136 patients, median age 65 (range 35‐86), 77% GS ≥ 8, and 79% with high‐volume disease who received ≥3 cycles of docetaxel. Undetectable PSA values at 12 and 24 months were observed in 32% and 25% of patients, respectively. Median time to CRPC (biochemical, clinical, or radiographic) was 19.6 months (16.6‐22.6). Sixty patients (44%) received ≥1 treatment for CRPC: 48 patients (80%) received a second‐generation hormonal therapy (sHT). Among these, 22 received abiraterone acetate, 20 enzalutamide, and six a novel CYP‐17 inhibitor on trial (ASN‐001). Five patients (8%) received sipuleucel‐T; four (7%) radium‐223, five (8%) chemotherapy (two carboplatin‐based, two single agent cabazitaxel, one single agent docetaxel) and three other. Patients receiving sHT as the first treatment for mCRPC had a median rPFS of 9.0 months (95%CI, 6.9‐11.2) compared with 3.0 months (95%CI, 1.5‐4.5) for patients who received a non‐sHT (P = 0.024). The choice of first therapy for mCRPC was independent of GS (P = 0.909), visceral disease (P = 0.690) and time to CRPC (P = 0.844). Longer OS correlated with time to CRPC (P = 0.010) and first treatment for CRPC with sHT (P = 0.005).ConclusionsFor patients with progressive disease on D‐ADT, subsequent treatment with a sHT is associated with a longer rPFS and OS.
Modulation of the Prototropic Exchange Rate in pH‐Responsive Yb‐HPDO3A Derivatives as ParaCEST Agents
Authors: Dastrù Walter , Menchise Valeria , Ferrauto Giuseppe , Fabretto Serena , Carrera Carla , Terreno Enzo , Aime Silvio , Castelli Daniela Delli 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe aim of this work was to design new pH‐sensitive paramagnetic chemical exchange saturation transfer (paraCEST) agents with a more acidic pH readout window with respect to the Yb complex of the 10‐(2‐hydroxypropyl)‐1,4,7,10‐ tetraazacyclododecane‐1,4,7‐triacetic acid (HPDO3A). In particular, three HPDO3A derivatives have been synthesized by substituting the methyl group on the 2‐hydroxypropyl arm with the electron withdrawing substituents –CF3, –CH2NH2 and –CH2OH. The Yb complexes have been characterized in terms of i) number and relative abundance of isomers present and, ii) pH sensitivity range in CEST applications. The influence of the introduced substituents on the –OH proton acidity and kex has been investigated and the new agents have been compared with the parent Yb‐HPDO3A. All complexes showed an increased acidity and an enhanced exchange rate of the –OH proton. As a consequence, the pH‐CEST sensitivity has been shifted to more acidic values. Eventually, the –CH2OH bearing derivative has been tested to assess the intra‐endosomal pH which is too acidic to be determined with Yb‐HPDO3A.
Hydrothermal Synthesis of α‐MnS Nanoflakes@Nitrogen and Sulfur Co‐doped rGO for High‐Performance Hybrid Supercapacitor
Authors: Mohamed Saad G. , Attia Sayed Y. , Barakat Yosry F. , Hassan Hamdy H. , Zoubi Wail Al 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe α‐MnS nanoflakes/rGO sheets were obtained via a facile one‐step hydrothermal approach using carbon disulfide as sulfur source, and ethylenediamine as a complexing agent which forms a complex with Mn2+ ions. Oil droplets of carbon disulfide and water are bridged via the hydrophobic/hydrophilic nature of ethylenediamine. α‐MnS/rGO was successfully co‐doped by nitrogen and sulfur by the action of ethylenediamine and CS2, respectively. The as‐prepared material exhibits an excellent electrochemical performance with a remarkable specific capacitance of 700 F g−1 at a current density of 1 A g−1, high rate capability of 66.65% retention at 20 A g−1 and superior cycling stability of 127% capacitance retention after 10000 cycles. To further explore the electrochemical performance of α‐MnS/rGO, a hybrid supercapacitor device was assembled using the α‐MnS/rGO as a positive electrode and an activated carbon as a negative electrode. The fabricated device exhibits the highest energy density of 38.13 Wh kg−1 at a power density of 850 W kg−1 and still retains 21.25 Wh kg−1 at a power density of 17 kW kg−1. These superior results demonstrate that the α‐MnS/rGO nanoflakes electrode can be considered as a promising material for high‐performance supercapacitors.
The effect of pet therapy on the physiological and subjective stress response: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Ein Natalie , Li Lingqian , Vickers Kristin 
Published: June 2018

AbstractStudies have reported that exposure to pet therapy (PT) can reduce physiological and subjective stress and anxiety levels. The aim of this meta‐analysis is to examine the efficacy of PT as a method for reducing physiological stress levels (blood pressure and heart rate) and subjective stress and anxiety scores (self‐reported stress/anxiety). Further, we examined the effects of sample characteristics and modifications to the PT (different age groups and health status of participants across samples, whether a stressor was present, and individual versus group PT) as potential moderators of the relationship between PT and stress reactivity. Our searches incorporated articles published from May 2017 and earlier in PsycINFO, MEDLINE, and PubMed. This meta‐analysis included 28 articles with 34 independent samples and contained a total of 1,310 participants. Using a random effects model, we determined that significant differences occurred in heart rate, self‐reported anxiety, and self‐reported stress after PT exposure compared with before PT. However, we did not detect significant differences in blood pressure after PT. Sample characteristics and modifications to the PT significantly moderated the effect of PT on stress responses. Our results suggest that PT can be an effective program for reducing stress reactivity.
Empowering leadership and job crafting: The role of employee optimism
Authors: Thun Sylvi , Bakker Arnold B. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe objective of this study was to test the relationship between empowering leadership and job crafting and to examine the moderating role of optimism as a personal resource. We hypothesized that the association between empowering leadership and job crafting would be stronger for employees with high (vs. low) levels of optimism. A total of 331 Norwegian workers from a variety of occupations participated in our study. Results of structural equation modelling analysis generally supported our hypotheses. Empowering leadership was positively related to 3 of the 4 job crafting strategies investigated (increasing structural job resources, increasing social job resources, and increasing challenging job demands; but not reducing hindrance job demands). Moreover, as hypothesized, optimism strengthened the empowering leadership–job crafting relationship for increasing structural resources and increasing challenging demands. The results suggest that empowering leadership is an important antecedent of job crafting strategies, except for reducing hindrance demands. The implications of these findings are discussed.
Models of first responder coping: Police officers as a unique population
Authors: Arble Eamonn , Daugherty Ana M. , Arnetz Bengt B. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe term “first responders” refers to a range of professional occupations, including police officers, fire fighters, search and rescue personnel, ambulance personnel, and military personnel. Research by the present authors has developed empirical models of first responder coping, identifying 2 coping pathways with differential outcomes: approach and avoidance coping. The present investigation considers police officers as a unique group and measures the extent to which police officers differ from other first responders in coping behaviours following trauma, based upon a nationally representative survey of 917 Swedish police officers. Although the model of coping behaviours following trauma and the effects on well‐being displayed several similarities between police officers and other first responders, there was compelling evidence to suggest that there are professionally bound aspects of psychological coping, resilience, and well‐being that merit further exploration. Among police officers, for example, avoidant coping was related to worse well‐being, and police officers reported greater consequence to well‐being related to substance use than other first responders. The unique aspects of police officer coping in comparison with other first responder groups are explored.
Savouring as a moderator of the combat exposure–mental health symptoms relationship
Authors: Sytine Anton I. , Britt Thomas W. , Pury Cynthia L.S. , Rosopa Patrick J. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractEngaging in firefights or witnessing death and other types of combat experiences are occupational hazards associated with Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and depression in military personnel returning from combat deployments. The present study examined savouring beliefs as a moderator of the relationship between combat exposure and mental health symptoms among U.S. Army soldiers deployed to Operation Iraqi Freedom and Operation Enduring Freedom. Soldiers (N = 885) completed measures of combat exposure, savouring beliefs, PTSD, and depression. Savouring was negatively related to symptoms of PTSD and depression and moderated the relationship between combat exposure and PTSD and depression among military personnel. These findings demonstrate that savouring positive life experiences may be beneficial to overall positive mental health and potentially buffer negative mental health symptoms related to traumatic experiences. Discussion focuses on the possibility of training individuals exposed to trauma in savouring techniques.
Pheasant responses to U.S. cropland conversion programs: A review and recommendations
Authors: Taylor J. Scott , Bogenschutz Todd R. , Clark William R. 
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACTWe describe ring‐necked pheasant (Phasianus colchicus) habitat needs, historical U.S. cropland conversion programs (CCPs), research documenting pheasant responses to these programs, and make policy recommendations for programs to more efficiently elicit such responses. Cropland conversion program principles supported in the pheasant literature include establishment of an initial seeding, a multiyear contract structure, prohibition of mowing during the nesting season, promotion of forbs in seedings, provision of large‐block enrollments options, and inclusion of midcontract management. These principles are compatible with the habitat needs of many other grassland bird species. We therefore recommend the Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) and any future CCPs retain these foundational aspects. Initial plantings of higher diversity seed mixes have become prioritized over time, but we note whatever increase in average habitat quality these standards achieved, it was not enough to prevent widespread pheasant declines following more severe statutory limitations on CRP acreage enrollments beginning in 2008, coupled with long‐term declines in other habitat types (e.g., hay, pasture, small grains). When faced with a trade‐off, we thus recommend emphasis of enrolled area over quality, provided enrolled herbaceous tracts provide adequate structure (≥3 dm of 100% visual obstruction) and canopy cover components (>5% forbs and >5% bare ground). Efficiencies may also be gained by altering initial seeding rates, offsetting program costs using grazing income, allowing more discretion in the use of midcontract management, and prioritizing enrollments in focus areas. Individual states, U.S. Department of Agriculture, and bird conservation joint ventures should work cooperatively to share data and perform return‐on‐investment–oriented research at multiple spatial scales concerning the effects of CCPs on pheasants. © 2018 The Wildlife Society.