bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultrasonic‐Assisted Extraction, Structural Characteristics, and Activity of Polysaccharides From Gymnocladus chinensis Baill
Authors: Meng Rui , Wan Zhi‐Wen , Yang Hua‐Yuan , Wu Lv , Yaseen Aftab , Li Bin , Zhang Xia 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTIn this study, the response surface method (RSM) was used to determine the optimal parameters of ultrasonic‐assisted extraction of Gymnocladus chinensis Baill. polysaccharides (GCBPs). The optimal extraction conditions were as follows: a liquid–solid ratio of 50.4 mL/g, an extraction temperature of 60°C, an extraction time of 43 min, and an extraction power of 240 W. Under these conditions, the extraction rate of GCBP reached 50.1%. Three fractions of GCBP‐40, GCBP‐60, and GCBP‐80 with sugar contents of 64.33%, 59.16%, and 59.46% were obtained by different concentrations of ethanol purification. All the three fractions consisted of six monosaccharides with different ratios, namely, Man, Rha, Gal, Glu, Ara, and Xyl. From Congo red test, it is confirmed that all three fractions could have a triple helix structure. In addition, the antioxidant and hypoglycemic experiments showed that all three components had excellent antioxidant activity (2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl [DPPH] free‐radical scavenging activity, 2,2‐azino‐bis (3‐ethylbenzothiazoline‐6‐sulfonic acid) [ABTS] free‐radical scavenging activity, and OH− free‐radical scavenging activity) and hypoglycemic activity (α‐glucosidase inhibitory activity).
Four New Caryophyllene Sesquiterpenoids Isolated From Hypholoma capnoides 819
Authors: Wang Yu‐Ting , Dong Yuan , Wang Fang , Zhu Shuai‐Ming , Zhang Yang , Yang Yu , Xu Rui , Dong Cai‐Hong , Zhang You‐Zhi , Li Chang‐Wei 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTFour previously undescribed caryophyllene sesquiterpenoids (1–4) along with one known drimane sesquiterpenoid (5) were isolated from the fermentation products of the mushroom Hypholoma capnoides 819. The structures of 1–4 with rare tricyclic skeleton (6/5/4) or bicyclic skeletons (9/4) were determined on the basis of comprehensive spectroscopic data analysis, calculated NMR, ORD data, and their biosynthetic pathways. Compounds 1–5 only showed very weak cytotoxicity toward mouse microglial cells (BV2), breast cancer cells (MCF‐7), and human lung cancer cells (A549) at 40 µM. In addition, none of the compounds demonstrated antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus or Escherichia coli at 128 µg/mL.
Q Fever Endocarditis: A Challenging Diagnosis in a Patient Referring Weight Loss and Anorexia, and With Granulomas in Gastric Biopsy Specimens
Authors: Lago‐Rodriguez Ana Elena , Fraile‐Ribot Pablo Arturo , Amengual‐Antich Isabel , Gual‐Capllonch Francisco , Garcia‐Gasalla Mercedes 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTDiagnosis of Q fever endocarditis is challenging since clinical findings are non‐specific and diagnosis is mainly made by indirect methods such as serology. A progressive constitutional syndrome, severe asthenia, anorexia with no fever and histopathological findings of non‐necrotizing gastric granulomas in a gastric biopsy were found preceding a cardiac failure in our case report. Prolonged treatment with doxycycline and hydroxychloroquine is mandatory, and cardiac valve surgery may be needed.
Factor XIII Deficiency Presenting With Duodenal Hematoma in a 3‐Year‐Old Female: A Comprehensive Radiological Assessment
Authors: Ullah Muhammad Khubaib , Khan Faheemullah , Aman Muhammad , Zafar Uffan , Irfan Muhammad , Khandwala Kumail , Nadeem Naila , Ahmad Izaz , Nadeem Arsalan , Khan Noman 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTIn the pediatric age group, FXIII deficiency can present as abnormal or delayed bleeding from the umbilical stump, soft tissue and subcutaneous bleeding, intracerebral hemorrhages, intraoral bleeding, and poor wound healing. This case report describes an atypical presentation of FXIII deficiency in a 3‐year‐old female who presented to the emergency department with complaints of abdominal pain and vomiting. She was managed conservatively under the care of the pediatric surgery team.
A Comprehensive Case Report on Familial Multiple Lipomatosis
Authors: Raza Fatima Ali , Monawwer Syed Abdullah , Husnain Muhammad , Golubeva Darja , Fatima Laveeza , Haque Md Ariful 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTFamilial multiple lipomatosis (FML) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder characterized by the progressive development of encapsulated nodules predominantly on the trunk and extremities. Its genetic basis is linked to HMGA‐2 gene over‐expression. The condition is diagnosed via clinical history, ultrasound findings, and histological studies, and management mainly comprises surgical excision. This case report highlights the clinical characteristics, diagnostic challenges, and management of FML in a 38‐year‐old male.
Advances in 3D Materials‐Based Hydrovoltaic Generators and Synergistic Energy Conversion
Authors: Jiao Kai , Ma Boxuan , Liu Xinxi , Chen Bohao , Wang Qiuwang , Zhao Cunlu 
Published: December 2024

AbstractCovering approximately 71 % of Earth's surface and absorbing almost 70 % of the solar radiation energy, water presents a tremendous opportunity for hydropower generation, revealing considerable promise for future applications. Benefited from the low cost, negligible pollution, and the characteristic of solely utilizing ambient thermal energy, hydrovoltaic (HV) technology has garnered significant attention in recent years for its substantial contributions to energy harvesting and conversion. While traditional hydrovoltaic generators (HVGs) have predominantly utilized two‐dimensional (2D) structures, the emergence of three‐dimensional (3D) HV materials signifies a pivotal shift due to superior specific surface areas, intricate porous architectures and enhanced mechanical strength. Herein, we summarized the development of 3D HVGs, categorizing them into flow‐induced, moisture‐induced, and evaporation‐induced types. We explored their working mechanisms, evolutions, strategies for electricity output enhancement and the limitations they face. Moreover, we discussed the integration of HVGs with other energy conversion technologies and the development of comprehensive HVG systems that exploit various water sources for energy generation. At last, we highlighted the challenges confronting 3D HVGs and anticipated future directions for this burgeoning field.
Planting date and maturity groups effects on soybean yield in Wisconsin
Authors: Malcomson Andrew , Mourtzinis Spyridon , Gaska John , Roth Adam , Silva Tatiane Severo , Conley Shawn 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSoybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] planting date (PD) and maturity group (MG) selection are critical decisions for optimizing crop development and enhancing yield potential. This study examines the interaction effects of PDs and MGs on soybean yield in southern Wisconsin, utilizing a fractional replication experimental design across two growing seasons (2022 and 2023). Five PDs in 2022 and six in 2023 were tested, with 50 soybean cultivars per PD, encompassing MGs ranging from 0.3 to 2.9. Results reveal that optimal soybean yield occurred with early planting, particularly before May 20, with MGs between 1.5 to 2.9 performing best. Delayed planting led to diminished significance in MG selection for yield, but overall yield declined consistently, roughly 20 bu/acre, every 20 days beyond the May 20 PD. Practical implications suggest early planting to maximize sunlight capture and extend the seed fill period, alongside the selection of cultivars within the appropriate MG range. While this study is limited to a single location and 2‐year duration, future collaborative efforts across multiple sites could provide a more comprehensive understanding of PD and MG interactions, benefiting soybean cultivation practices in diverse environments. Overall, our findings offer valuable insights for southern Wisconsin soybean farmers seeking to optimize yield and profitability in their operations.
Unraveling Mechanism and Enhancing Selectivity of a RuII‐bis‐bipyridyl‐morphocumin Complex with RAFT‐Generated Glycopolymer Exploiting Warburg Effect in Cancer
Authors: Roy Souryadip , Paul Soumya , Mukherjee Sujato , De Priyadarsi , Mukherjee Arindam 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe Warburg effect, which generates increased demand of glucose in cancer cells is a relatively underexplored phenomenon in existing commercial drugs to enhance uptake in cancer cells. Here, we present a chemotherapeutic strategy employing a Ru(II)‐bis‐bipyridyl‐morphocumin complex (2) encapsulated in a self‐assembling glucose‐functionalized copolymer P(G‐EMA‐co‐MMA) (where G=glucose; MMA=methyl methacrylate; EMA=ethyl methacrylate), designed to exploit this effect for enhanced selectivity in cancer treatment. The P(G‐EMA‐co‐MMA) polymer, synthesized via reversible‐addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization, has a number average molecular weight (Mn,NMR) of 8000 g/mol. Complex 2, stable in aqueous media, selectively releases a cytotoxic, lysosome‐targeting compound, morphocumin, in the presence of excess hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), a reactive oxygen species (ROS) prevalent in tumor microenvironments. Additionally, complex 2 promotes ROS accumulation, which may further enhance morphocumin release through a synergistic domino effect. Comparative studies reveal that 2 outperforms its curcumin Ru(II) complex (1) analog in solution stability, organelle specificity, and cellular mechanisms. Both 1 and 2 exhibit phototherapeutic effects under low‐intensity visible light, but their chemotoxicity significantly increases with incubation time in the dark, highlighting the superior chemotherapeutic efficacy of the O,O‐coordinating Ru(II) ternary polypyridyl complexes. Complex 2 induces apoptosis via the intrinsic pathway and shows a 9‐fold increase in selectivity for pancreatic cancer cells (MIA PaCa‐2) over non‐cancerous HEK293 cells when encapsulated in the glucose‐conjugated polymer (DP@2). Glucose deprivation in the culture medium further enhances drug efficacy by an additional 5‐fold. This work underscores the potential of glucose‐functionalized polymers and ROS‐responsive Ru(II) complexes in targeted cancer therapy.
Olikomycin A–A Novel Calcium‐Dependent Lipopeptide with Antibiotic Activity Against Multidrug‐Resistant Bacteria
Authors: Makitrynskyy Roman , Keller Lena , Kaur Amninder , Tsypik Olga , Munz Luisa , Bechthold Andreas , Müller Rolf 
Published: December 2024

AbstractResearch into new antibiotics is becoming increasingly important as antibiotic resistance increases worldwide. The genus Streptomyces in particular is able to produce a wide range of antimicrobial products due to the large number of biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) in its genome. However, not all BGCs are expressed under laboratory conditions. In this work, deletion of the gene wblA, encoding a global regulator of natural product biosynthesis and morphogenesis in Streptomyces, led to the production of a novel natural product, olikomycin A, in Streptomyces ghanaensis ATCC 14672. Complete structure elucidation revealed that olikomycin A belongs to a class of calcium‐dependent antibiotics known as non‐ribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS)‐encoded acidic lipopeptides. These compounds exhibit remarkable antimicrobial activity in the presence of calcium. Insights into olikomycin A biosynthesis were provided by whole genome sequencing and gene inactivation studies, while bioactivity assays showed strong inhibition of the growth of multidrug‐resistant Gram‐positive pathogens via disrupting cell membrane integrity. Olikomycin A shows an antibiotic profile similar to that of daptomycin, which is already in clinical use.
Design and Synthesis of Thioglycosylated Monolignol Dual Probes for Bioimaging of Lignin Biosynthesis
Authors: Simon Clémence , Zhu Mingxiang , Lion Cédric , Spriet Corentin , Hemry Maxence , Neutelings Godfrey , Messaoudi Samir , Biot Christophe 
Published: December 2024

AbstractLignin biosynthesis is a critical process that underpins plant structural integrity and defenses. Central to this pathway are monolignol glucosides (MLGs), whose role as intermediates remains debated. To elucidate MLGs’ involvement, we developed thioglycosylated monolignol probes compatible with click chemistry for in situ visualization of lignin biosynthesis. Using a highly selective Buchwald–Hartwig–Migita cross‐coupling approach, these probes incorporate glycosyl thiols into MLGs, creating stable thioacetal bonds to enhance both metabolic stability and tracking precision. The unique chemistry of these probes allows for incorporation within the lignification pathway, enabling specific visualization of MLG involvement in lignin formation. The probes are compatible with bioorthogonal chemistry labeling and confocal microscopy, allowing detailed tracking of MLG transport, storage, and incorporation into cell walls. Our findings provide new insights into lignification dynamics, underscoring the metabolic roles of MLGs and demonstrating their potential as metabolic intermediates in lignin polymerization. This approach offers a novel chemical biology toolset to dissect plant cell wall biosynthesis and will help elucidatethe molecular roles of MLGs in the context of plant biochemistry and resilience.
Mandatory disclosure of standardized sustainability metrics: The case of the EU Taxonomy Regulation
Authors: Nipper Marvin , Ostermaier Andreas , Theis Jochen 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe European Union's Taxonomy Regulation establishes standardized sustainability metrics and makes disclosure mandatory for many companies, aiming to channel investment into sustainable business. These metrics compete with voluntary third‐party sustainability ratings in influencing investors. Using an online vignette study, we examine how green revenue, as an exemplary standardized metric, interacts with a traditional third‐party rating to influence investors. We find that green revenue influences investors, but sustainability ratings have an incremental effect, both if green revenue is low and if it is high. Hence, sustainability ratings remain relevant for companies and investors. Our findings contribute to the literature on real effects of reporting regulation and have important implications for mangers and regulators.
Rigid Plastic‐Free Fibreboards Made from “Hairy” Cellulose Fibres and Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch
Authors: Smaradhana Dharu Feby , Freire Ordóñez Diego , Lee Koon‐Yang 
Published: December 2024

AbstractEmpty fruit bunch (EFB), an abundant lignocellulosic residue from the palm oil milling process, is typically discarded on open land or used as mulch. In this work, a simple method that mimics a papermaking process, was developed to upcycle EFB into higher value fibreboard without the need for any polymeric binders. The cellulose network from pulp fibres was utilised to hold the otherwise loose EFB fibres together to produce a rigid EFB fibreboard. Mechanical refinement was performed using a re‐circulating colloid mill to improve the binding performance of the cellulose fibres . EFB fibreboard containing 30 wt.% of 30 min refined “hairy” cellulose fibres possessed a flexural modulus of ~2.9 GPa and strength of ~22 MPa, comparable to commercial particleboard (PB) and medium density fibreboard (MDF). A lifecycle analysis (LCA) model using ReCiPe 2016 method and Ecoinvent database was used to compare the environmental impact of the EFB fibreboard and MDF production. The results show that the EFB fibreboard possessed a lower environmental impact on global warming potential and the various end‐point impact categories compared to MDF. This work unveils new opportunities to convert palm oil waste into all‐lignocellulosic fibreboard, moving away from traditional practices which align with the concept of a circular bioeconomy.
Improving the Biopharmaceutical Properties of Cannabinoids in Glioblastoma Multiforme Therapy With Nanotechnology: A Drug Delivery Perspective
Authors: Walker Stephanie B. , Duarte Jonatas L. , Di Filippo Leonardo D. , Chorilli Marlus 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTGlioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most prevalent primary brain tumor in adults and is known for its rapid proliferation and infiltrative nature. Current therapeutic strategies include surgical resection followed by radio‐ and chemotherapy. Still, they are hindered by GBM biological characteristics and physical‐chemical properties of chemotherapeutic drugs, leading to limited efficacy and poor prognosis. Cannabinoids have emerged as potential anti‐GBM agents, exhibiting antiangiogenic, antimetastatic, and antiproliferative effects. However, their hydrophobicity and poor oral bioavailability pose significant challenges for clinical applications. This study evaluates the potential of nanocarriers in enhancing the solubility and targeted delivery of cannabinoids for GBM therapy. The innovative combination of nanotechnology with cannabinoid‐based treatment offers a promising strategy to improve therapeutic outcomes. We addressed the application of nanocarriers to deliver cannabinoids, which can enhance passage across the blood‐brain barrier and enable targeted therapy. Studies demonstrate the potential of nanocarriers in improving solubility, stability, and controlled release of cannabinoids, highlighting the advancements in nanocarrier design for optimized delivery to glioma cells. Cannabinoids can exert their antitumor effect, including the induction of apoptosis through the ceramide and p8‐regulated pathways and the modulation of immune responses. The evidence found in this study supports the potential of cannabinoid‐based nanotechnologies in GBM therapeutic regimens as a strategy to enhance its efficacy and patient outcomes.
Empirical Approaches to the Classification of Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder
Authors: Richson Brianne N. , Schaefer Lauren M. , Becker Kendra R. , Murray Matthew F. , Romano Kelly A. , Anderson Lisa M. , Wonderlich Stephen A. , Thomas Jennifer J. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveAvoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) is a relatively new formal diagnosis for which empirical classification research (defined here as studies using latent class/latent profile analysis‐type methods) is still emerging. Such research focused on ARFID is an important gap to fill given questions about (1) the boundaries between ARFID and phenotypically similar presentations (e.g., eating disorders [EDs] such as anorexia nervosa [AN], and pediatric feeding disorder [PFD]), and (2) within‐ARFID heterogeneity. These questions have practical implications, including diagnostic reliability and treatment selection.MethodThis forum synthesizes the limited empirical classification literature seeking to quantitatively distinguish ARFID from non‐ARFID EDs or from PFD, and/or characterize within‐ARFID heterogeneity.ResultsTo our knowledge, only five studies in clinical samples have used empirical classification methods to delineate ARFID from non‐ARFID EDs and/or characterize within‐ARFID heterogeneity; no studies have used such methods to delineate ARFID from PFD. Existing studies are mixed in determining how well ARFID can be distinguished from other EDs (particularly AN), but converge in identifying several potential ARFID subclasses (i.e., sensory sensitivity, low appetite, feared eating‐related consequences, and subclass representing a combination of these) with some overlapping features.DiscussionThe existing ARFID empirical classification literature should guide future ARFID classification research priorities (e.g., incorporating mechanistic variables as classification indicators, incorporating longitudinal variables as classification validators) to inform differences between ARFID and other disorders and between ARFID presentations. Dimensional approaches to conceptualizing, studying, and modeling psychopathology (namely, the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology [HiTOP] and the Research Domain Criteria [RDoC]) may offer useful insights.
Assessing the Co‐Occurrence of European Pine Marten (Martes martes) With Humans and Domestic Cats on a Mediterranean Island
Authors: Manzo Emiliano , Iannarilli Fabiola , Dell'Agnello Filippo , Bartolommei Paola , Bonacchi Andrea , Gasperini Stefania , Cozzolino Roberto 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTAnthropogenic activities often lead to changes in the distribution and behavior of wild species. The mere presence of humans and free‐roaming domestic cats (Felis catus) can affect wildlife communities; however, responses to these disturbances might not be ubiquitous and may vary with local conditions. We investigated European pine marten's (Martes martes) distribution on Elba Island, Italy, where the species is the only wild carnivore. In this system, pine martens act as the top predator, and human presence is mostly driven by seasonal tourism. We evaluated (1) pine marten's occurrence in relation to vegetation type and elevation and the potential effects of proximity to settlements, (2) whether pine marten's distribution was associated with the co‐occurrence of humans and domestic cats, and, if so, (3) whether these co‐occurrence patterns were associated with proximity to anthropogenic infrastructures. Additionally, we explored similarities in activity patterns between pine marten and the other two species. We collected camera‐trap data at 77 locations throughout Elba Island in February–July 2020. Using single‐season multistate occupancy models, we found evidence that pine martens' occupancy was generally high across all vegetation types and elevation, and proximity to settlements was only weakly associated with the species occurrence. Contrary to expectations, we found no evidence of an association between pine martens' distribution and the presence of either humans or free‐roaming domestic cats on Elba Island. Opposing activity patterns might have facilitated pine martens' co‐existence with humans, with pine martens being active at ground level almost exclusively during nighttime. On the contrary, cats and pine martens showed similar activity patterns, and further studies are needed to define the co‐existence mechanisms. These findings have important management implications and suggest that response to direct and indirect anthropogenic pressures can be highly context‐dependent and mediated by the availability of resources and competition mechanisms.
From seedlings to adults: Linking survival and leaf functional traits over ontogeny
Authors: Umaña María Natalia , Needham Jessica , Fortunel Claire 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAs long‐lived tropical trees grow into the multi‐layered canopy and face different environmental conditions, the relationships between leaf traits and whole‐plant survival can vary over ontogeny. We tested the strength and direction of the relationships between leaf traits and long‐term survival data across life stages for woody species from a subtropical forest in Puerto Rico. Trait–survival relationships were largely consistent across ontogeny with conservative traits leading to higher survival rates. The stage‐specific relationship R2 increased by up to one order of magnitude compared to studies not considering ontogenetic trait variations. Stage‐specific traits were significant predictors of their corresponding stage‐specific survival: Seedlings traits were better predictors of seedling survival than adult traits, and adult traits were better predictors of maximum adult survival than seedling traits. Our results suggest that stage‐specific leaf traits reflect different strategies over ontogeny and can substantially improve predictability of survival models in tropical forests.