bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Friction Stir Welding between 6082 and 7075 Aluminum Alloys Thermal Treated for Automotive Applications
Authors: Dragatogiannis Dimitrios A. , Kollaros Dimitrios , Karakizis Panagiotis , Pantelis Dimitrios , Lin Jianguo , Charitidis Costas 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
The automotive industry demands ecofriendly manufacturing processes and lightweight structures and materials to reduce CO2 emissions and decrease weight and fuel consumption while optimizing overall performance. Aluminum alloys in the 7xxx and 6xxx series offer high potential for weight reduction in automotive and other transportation industries. 7xxx aluminum alloys have the best strength performance among all commercial aluminum alloys. Alloys in the 6xxx series generally have medium-to-high strength, high corrosion resistance, and good formability. Alloys in both the 7xxx and 6xxx series are strengthened by heat treatment. The increased strength-to-weight ratio and the thermal treatment processing open the possibility to use these alloys as possible alternative materials instead of steel in the automotive industry for the fabrication of car body parts. However, their poor formability and weldability are the main drawbacks when these alloys are considered as substitutes of steel and other dissimilar joints during the fabrication of car body parts and the production chain. Recently, Hot Forming and in-die Quenching (HFQ), a patented hot stamping process, has been introduced to manufacture complex-shaped high-strength heat-treatable aluminum alloys. The work described in this article is an experimental investigation of the weldability between AA6082 and AA7075 by Friction Stir Welding (FSW) that considers thermal treatments used during HFQ for automotive applications. The aforementioned FSW base metals, 6082 and 7075, are heat treated according to the solution heat treatment adopted during HFQ to evaluate the effect of the HFQ thermal cycle on the quality of the produced joints. Optical microscopy has been used to characterize the microstructure of the produced joints. The defect-free welded joints are characterized by good mechanical mixing between the joined materials as well as by grain refinement. The mechanical behavior of the produced welded joints was studied and compared with the parent materials, whereas the measured mechanical properties are correlated with the microstructure.
Optimizing Selection and Mating in Genomic Selection with a Look-Ahead Approach: An Operations Research Framework
Authors: Moeinizade Saba , Hu Guiping , Wang Lizhi , Schnable Patrick S 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
New genotyping technologies have made large amounts of genotypic data available for plant breeders to use in their efforts to accelerate the rate of genetic gain. Genomic selection (GS) techniques allow breeders to use genotypic data to identify and select, for example, plants predicted to exhibit drought tolerance, thereby saving expensive and limited field-testing resources relative to phenotyping all plants within a population. A major limitation of existing GS approaches is the trade-off between short-term genetic gain and long-term potential. Some approaches focus on achieving short-term genetic gain at the cost of reduced genetic diversity necessary for long-term gains. In contrast, others compromise short-term progress to preserve long-term potential without consideration of the time and resources required to achieve it. Our contribution is to define a new “look-ahead” metric for assessing selection decisions, which evaluates the probability of achieving high genetic gains by a specific time with limited resources. Moreover, we propose a heuristic algorithm to identify optimal selection decisions that maximize the look-ahead metric. Simulation results demonstrate that look-ahead selection outperforms other published selection methods.
Computational Inference Software for Tetrad Assembly from Randomly Arrayed Yeast Colonies
Authors: Sakhanenko Nikita A , Cromie Gareth A , Dudley Aimée M , Galas David J 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
We describe an information-theory-based method and associated software for computationally identifying sister spores derived from the same meiotic tetrad. The method exploits specific DNA sequence features of tetrads that result from meiotic centromere and allele segregation patterns. Because the method uses only the genomic sequence, it alleviates the need for tetrad-specific barcodes or other genetic modifications to the strains. Using this method, strains derived from randomly arrayed spores can be efficiently grouped back into tetrads.
Mutational Landscape of Spontaneous Base Substitutions and Small Indels in Experimental Caenorhabditis elegans Populations of Differing Size
Authors: Konrad Anke , Brady Meghan J , Bergthorsson Ulfar , Katju Vaishali 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Experimental investigations into the rates and fitness effects of spontaneous mutations are fundamental to our understanding of the evolutionary process. To gain insights into the molecular and fitness consequences of spontaneous mutations, we conducted a mutation accumulation (MA) experiment at varying population sizes in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, evolving 35 lines in parallel for 409 generations at three population sizes (N = 1, 10, and 100 individuals). Here, we focus on nuclear SNPs and small insertion/deletions (indels) under minimal influence of selection, as well as their accrual rates in larger populations under greater selection efficacy. The spontaneous rates of base substitutions and small indels are 1.84 (95% C.I. ± 0.14) × 10−9 substitutions and 6.84 (95% C.I. ± 0.97) × 10−10 changes/site/generation, respectively. Small indels exhibit a deletion bias with deletions exceeding insertions by threefold. Notably, there was no correlation between the frequency of base substitutions, nonsynonymous substitutions, or small indels with population size. These results contrast with our previous analysis of mitochondrial DNA mutations and nuclear copy-number changes in these MA lines, and suggest that nuclear base substitutions and small indels are under less stringent purifying selection compared to the former mutational classes. A transition bias was observed in exons as was a near universal base substitution bias toward A/T. Strongly context-dependent base substitutions, where 5′−Ts and 3′−As increase the frequency of A/T → T/A transversions, especially at the boundaries of A or T homopolymeric runs, manifest as higher mutation rates in (i) introns and intergenic regions relative to exons, (ii) chromosomal cores vs. arms and tips, and (iii) germline-expressed genes.
Elimination of Nonmedical Immunization Exemptions in California and School-Entry Vaccine Status
Authors: Delamater Paul L. , Pingali S. Cassandra , Buttenheim Alison M. , Salmon Daniel A. , Klein Nicola P. , Omer Saad B. 
Published: May 2019

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
California implemented Senate Bill 277 (SB277) in 2016, becoming the first state in nearly 30 years to eliminate nonmedical exemptions from immunization requirements for schoolchildren. Our objectives were to determine (1) the impacts of SB277 on the percentage of kindergarteners entering school not up-to-date on vaccinations and (2) if geographic patterns of vaccine refusal persisted after the implementation of the new law.

METHODS:
At the state level, we analyzed the magnitude and composition of the population of kindergarteners not up-to-date on vaccinations before and after the implementation of SB277. We assessed correlations between previous geographic patterns of nonmedical exemptions and patterns of the remaining entry mechanisms for kindergarteners not up-to-date after the law’s implementation.

RESULTS:
In the first year after SB277 was implemented, the percentage of kindergartners entering school not up-to-date on vaccinations decreased from 7.15% to 4.42%. The conditional entrance rate fell from 4.43% to 1.91%, accounting for much of this decrease. Other entry mechanisms for students not up-to-date, including medical exemptions and exemptions for independent study or homeschooled students, largely replaced the decrease in the personal belief exemption rate from 2.37% to 0.56%. In the second year, the percentage of kindergartners not up-to-date increased by 0.45%, despite additional reductions in conditional entrants and personal belief exemptions. The correlational analysis revealed that previous geographic patterns of vaccine refusal persisted after the law’s implementation.

CONCLUSIONS:
Although the percentage of incoming kindergarteners up-to-date on vaccinations in California increased after the implementation of SB277, we found evidence for a replacement effect.
Інституційна сфера політичного середовища державної політики: до формулювання поняття
Authors: Deliia O. V. 
Published: May 2019

Актуалізована проблематика державної політики як суспільного феномена, який функціонує та розвивається у середовищі, у тісному взаємозв’язку із іншими соціокультурними феноменами. Акцентований вплив чинників середовища на вироблення державної політики. В рамках процесуального аналізу серед чинників середовища державної політики виявлені зовнішні чинники – природні, соціально-економічні, політичні та внутрішні – організаційно-кадрова структура, усталені процедури і нормативи, особистісні характеристики тощо, які постають детермінантами державної політики. Зазначено, що політичні чинники середовища державної політики акумулюють у собі всі прояви впливів внутрішнього і зовнішнього середовища та визначають самостійний науковий концепт «політичне середовище державної політики». У рамках концепту виокремлено інституційну сферу політичного середовища як сукупність формальних (установи, організації) і комплексних інститутів (правила, традиції, усталені форми зв’язку між державою і суспільством). Визначена компонентна структура інституційного середовища державної політики, до складу якої входять: державні інститути; громадські інститути; потреби, інтереси суспільства і громадян; формальні і неформальні правила і норми.
Antibiotic susceptibility profiles of Campylobacter coli isolated from poultry farms in Lagos Nigeria – A pilot study
Authors: Ogbor Oreva , Ajayi Abraham , Zautner Andreas E. , Smith Stella I. 
Published: May 2019

Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli are among the leading causes of gastroenteritis in humans worldwide, particularly in Africa. Poultry remains a major source of Campylobacter species and a vector of transmission to humans.
This pilot study was aimed at isolating and determining the antibiotic susceptibility profiles of Campylobacter spp. from fresh poultry droppings collected from poultry farms in Lagos State, Nigeria. Susceptibility was assessed using the CLSI standards.
Standard microbiological methods were used in isolation, identification, and characterization of Campylobacter spp. Isolates were subjected to antibiotic susceptibility testing by the disk diffusion method.
Of the 150 poultry droppings analyzed, 8 (5.3%) harbored Campylobacter spp. All isolates proved to be C. coli since they were all negative for the hip gene. A percentage of 100% showed resistance to nalidixic acid, chloramphenicol, cloxacillin, and streptomycin. While 87.5% were susceptible to amoxicillin and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, 62.5% were susceptible to tetracycline. Surprisingly, 62.5% of C. coli had decreased (intermediate) susceptibility to erythromycin.
Although there was a low prevalence of C. coli from poultry in this study, the presence of antibiotic resistant strains circulating the food chain could result in treatment failures and difficulty in case management if involved in infections of humans.
Unpacking the construct of emotional attachment to objects and its association with hoarding symptoms
Authors: Yap Keong , Grisham Jessica R. 
Published: May 2019

Background and aims
The appetitive aspects of hoarding disorder, such as the compulsive acquisition and saving of objects, are akin to other behavioral addictions. Underpinning these appetitive features is the strong emotional and sentimental attachments that hoarding sufferers have for their possessions. Different facets of object attachment have been identified including anthropomorphism, insecure object attachment, possessions as an extension of identity, possessions as a repository of autobiographical memories, and possessions as a source of comfort and safety. The aim of this study was to examine the association between each of these facets and hoarding symptoms independent of non-sentimental hoarding beliefs, depression, and anxiety.

Methods
Participants were 532 individuals recruited via Turkprime who completed online self-report questionnaires on hoarding symptoms, hoarding beliefs, depression, anxiety, and the facets of object attachment. Pearson’s correlations and hierarchical multiple regression analyses were conducted.

Results
The results showed that all facets of object attachment were positively correlated with hoarding symptoms. After accounting for other non-sentimental hoarding beliefs, depression, and anxiety, three facets made significant unique contributions to hoarding symptoms: insecure object attachment, anthropomorphism, and possessions as a repository of autobiographical memories.

Discussion and conclusions
Based on these findings, we propose a compensatory model to explain how the different facets of object attachment may be implicated in hoarding. Further research into ways of reducing anthropomorphism, insecure object attachment, and possessions as memories are warranted.
Konservasi Naskah Sunda Kuno di Kabupaten Bandung
Authors: Koswara Dedi , Permana Ruswendi 
Published: May 2019

The conservation of Ancient Sundanese manuscripts through transliteration training was motivated by concerns about the condition of the ancient Sundanese manuscripts that had been decayed so that they were unreadable because they were eaten by termites and were hit by time bombs. Such conditions can cause the contents information of the text cannot be extracted and conveyed to the next generation. Based on the above background, there is a need to organize an activity to provide training of the procedures in collecting, documenting, describing, and transliterating Sundanese manuscript written in Arab Pegon script into Latin script. The intended ancient Sundanese manuscript is a manuscript originating from an individual collection or those which are still scattered in the community. The target community is Sundanese language teacher community in Kabupaten Bandung. The approach used is a philological approach along with training and workshop methods. The results obtained revealed that Sundanese Language teachers in Kabupaten Bandung have a strategic role in preserving the Ancient Sundanese manuscript. Teachers have a very important role to provide information to the public about the preservation of ancient Sundanese manuscripts in the area where they live. The manuscripts from transliteration as well as studies that esteem the education of local cultural wisdom can be used as alternative teaching material in the school.AbstrakKonservasi naskah Sunda Kuno melalui pelatihan transliterasi yang dilaksanakan ini dilatarbelakangi adanya kekhawatiran terhadap kondisi naskah (manuscript; handscrift) Sunda Kuno yang sudah lapuk sehingga tidak terbaca karena rusak dimakan rayap dan terkena bom waktu. Kondisi demikian dapat menyebabkan informasi isi teks yang terkandung di dalamnya tidak tergali dan tidak tersampaikan kepada generasi berikutnnya. Berdasarkan latar belakang tersebut, perlu adanya suatu kegiatan yang dilakukan untuk memberikan pelatihan tentang tatacara mengumpulkan, mendokumentasikan, mendeskripsikan, serta mekanisme transliterasi naskah Sunda beraksara Arab Pegon ke dalam aksara Latin. Naskah Sunda Kuno yang dimaksud adalah naskah yang berasal dari koleksi perseorangan atau yang masih tersebar di masyarakat. Masyarakat yang menjadi sasaran adalah kelompok masyarakat guru bidang studi Bahasa daerah/Sunda di Kabupaten Bandung. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah pendekatan filologis dengan metode pelatihan dan workshop. Hasil yang diperoleh yaitu bahwa guru bidang studi Bahasa Daerah/Sunda di Wilayah Kabupaten Bandung memiliki peran strategis dalam melestarikan naskah Sunda Kuno. Guru memiliki peranan sangat penting untuk memberikan penerangan kepada masyarakat tentang pelestarian naskah Sunda Kuno yang berada di daerah tempat mereka tinggal. Naskah hasil transliterasi serta kajiannya yang bernilai pendidikan kearifan budaya lokal dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai salah satu alternatif bahan-ajar di sekolah.
Using Science, Technology, Society, and Environment (STSE) Approach to Improve the Scientific Literacy of Grade 11 Students in Plant Growth and Development
Authors: Chanapimuk Kultida , Sawangmek Sureeporn , Nangngam Pranee 
Published: May 2019

The environmental issues surrounding agrochemical products facing people today include serious health and ecological problems. Scientific literacy is necessary for students to understand scientific knowledge and get ready for the future world. Therefore, this action research aims to promote scientific literacy, in the area of plant growth by using the Science, Technology, Society and Environment (STSE) approach that consists of 4 steps: 1) motivation; 2) exploration; 3) brainstorming; and 4) decision making. The participants are 35 special program students in grade 11. The PISA-like test and worksheets were used to collect data. Content analysis and triangulation were used to indicate the development of scientific literacy. The findings show that the students have better scientific literacy and higher competencies in explaining phenomena scientifically, evaluating and designing scientific inquiry and interpreting data and evidence scientifically. This study suggests that student collaboration is essential to improve the scientific literacy of students.
POLA ASUH ORANG TUA DIFABEL TERHADAP ANAK YANG NORMAL
Authors: Febriana M. Faisal , Wilodati Wilodati 
Published: May 2019

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh keberadaan orang tua difabel ditengah perannya dalam menerapkan pola asuh terhadap anak yang normal. Keterbatasan yang dimiliki orang tua difabel menjadi tantangan yang harus dihadapi dalam menjalankan tugas pola asuh. Penelitian ini berusaha menggali penerapan pola asuh orang tua difabel. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah wawancara mendalam, observasi dan dokumentasi. Hasil dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: (1) secara dominan orang tua difabel menggunakan dua pola asuh yakni pola asuh authoritarian dan pola asuh autoritative. (2) Orang tua difabel telah menjalankan perannya sebagai pendidik, pengawas, tokoh panutan, sahabat, inspirator dan motivor bagi anaknya. (3) Terdapat faktor pendukung pola asuh yang dominan yaitu faktor lingkungan. Faktor penghambat pola asuh yakni orang tua difabel tidak dapat mengawasi pergaulan anak secara penuh dan tidak dapat membantu kegiatan belajar anak secara maksimal. (4) Dalam mengatasi kendala pola asuh, orang tua difabel berupaya melakukan tindakan preventif, berkonsultasi dengan orang terdekat, dan meminta bantuan orang yang dipercaya. Kata Kunci : Pola asuh, Orang tua difabel, Keluarga.
DARI FULL DAY SCHOOL KE KEBIJAKAN ENAM HARI SEKOLAH: RASIONALISASI PRAKTIK DAN EVALUASI PEMBELAJARAN PASCA FULL DAY SCHOOL DI SMA NEGERI 1 KEDUNGREJA KABUPATEN CILACAP
Authors: Apriyani Apriyani , Fatimah Nurul , Wicaksono Harto 
Published: May 2019

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui bagaimana praktik dan evaluasi pembelajaran pasca Full Day School (FDS) di SMA Negeri 1 Kedungreja pasca praktik FDS. Penelitian dilaksanakan di SMA Negeri 1 Kedungreja dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Adapun fokus penelitiannya, yaitu rasionalitas kebijakan kembali enam hari sekolah, praktik pembelajaran pasca FDS, dan tanggapan guru, orangtua, dan peserta didik terhadap diberlakukannya kebiajkan enam hari sekolah. Teknik pengumpulan data dilaksanakan melalui observasi partisipan, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Data penelitian dianalisis dengan teknik analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa (1) alasan SMA Negeri 1 Kedungreja kembali pada kebijakan enam hari sekolah pasca full day school karena dalam pelaksanaan full day school sekolah mengalami kendala yang berdampak pada kualitas pembelajaran, baik pada aspek proses maupun hasil. (2) Proses pelaksanaan pembelajaran dalam sekolah enam hari pasca full day school di SMA Negeri 1 Kedungreja tidak jauh berbeda dengan pembelajaran ketika full day school baik dilihat dari model dan metode yang digunakan. (3) Guru, peserta didik, dan orang tua peserta didik memberikan tanggapan yang beragam terkait pelaksanaan sekolah enam hari pasca full day school, baik pro dan kontra sesuai dengan kebutuhannya masing-masing.
Pengaruh Konsep Gamifikasi Terhadap Tingkat Engagement
Authors: Pratomo Aditya 
Published: May 2019

The survey results conducted Director of Learning, engagement level for leaders The Park Lane Jakarta is quite a low of 23% when engagement leaders low then it is likely his engagement will be the same. Then with the implementation of the concept of gamification is expected to enhance the engagement of employees towards learning. Type of this research is descriptive research with survey method. To the object of research is the hotel The Park Lane Jakarta. The independent variable is the influence of the concept of the dependent variable and the gamification is the engagement of employees. For a data source used is the primary and secondary data of a population of 269 and value precision of 10%. Based on the results of research that the concept of gamification gives a significant impact on employee engagement, there is 38.4% against employee engagement. As well as according to hypothesis testing is evidenced by the receipt of the Ha and turned it on test of the Ho hypothesis.
Sınıf Öğretmeni Adaylarının Rutin Olmayan Problemleri Çözme Süreçleri
Authors: YILMAZ Rezan 
Published: May 2019

Bu
çalışmada sınıf öğretmen adaylarının problem çözme süreçleri Polya’ nın problem
çözme basamaklarına göre incelenmiştir. Çalışma Karadeniz Bölgesinde bir devlet
üniversitesinin Sınıf Öğretmenliği Programı 3. sınıfında öğrenim görmekte olan
62 öğretmen adayı ile gerçekleştirilmiş durum çalışması desenli nitel bir
araştırmadır. Katılımcılar, Matematik Öğretimi
dersi kapsamında Polya’ nın problem çözme basamakları ile ilgili eğitim almış
olup, süreç boyunca çeşitli rutin ve rutin olmayan problemleri çözmüş ve
değerlendirmişlerdir. Beş haftalık süreç sonunda öğretmen adaylarına rutin
olmayan bir problem verilip, problemi bu basamakları dikkate alarak bireysel şekilde
çözmeleri istemiştir. Sonrasında çözüm süreçleri, bu basamaklar ışığında
betimsel olarak analiz edilmiştir. Araştırmanın sonunda öğretmen adaylarının
çoğunun problem çözme sürecinde problemi anlama, planlama yapma ve planı
uygulama aşamalarını doğru uyguladıkları görülmüştür. Problemi çözmek için
sistematik liste yapma, tahmin-kontrol, muhakeme etme gibi stratejileri
belirleyip uyguladıkları, bazılarının ise belirttiklerinden farklı bir strateji
uyguladıkları belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca, çözümü değerlendirme aşaması bazı öğretmen
adaylarınca ya göz ardı edilmiş ya da eksik uygulanmıştır.