bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The risks following the exposure to radiation associated with the surgical correction of limb deformities in children are minimal
Authors: Leaver T. , Johnson B. , Lampard J. , Aarvold A. , Uglow M. 
Published: February 2019

Aims The aim of this study was to quantify the risk of developing cancer from the exposure to radiation associated with surgery to correct limb deformities in children. Patients and Methods A total of 35 children were studied. There were 19 girls and 16 boys. Their mean age was 11.9 years (2 to 18) at the time of surgery. Details of the radiological examinations were recorded during gradual correction using a Taylor Spatial Frame. The dose area product for each radiograph was obtained from the Computerised Radiology Information System database. The effective dose in millisieverts (mSv) was calculated using conversion coefficients for the anatomical area. The lifetime risk of developing cancer was calculated using government-approved Health Protection Agency reports, accounting for the age and gender of the child. Results Correction was undertaken in five femurs, 18 tibiae, and 12 feet. The median duration of treatment was 45 months (11 to 118). The mean effective dose was 0.31 mSv (0.05 to 0.64) for the femur, 0.29 mSv (0.01 to 0.97) for the tibia, and 0.027 mSv (0.001 to 0.161) for the foot. The cumulative exposure gave ‘negligible’ risk in 26 children and ‘minimal’ risk in nine children, according to Public Health England categories. These results are below the mean annual background radiation in the United Kingdom. Conclusion The lifetime attributable risk of developing cancer from repeated exposure to radiation was negligible or minimal in all children. This is the first study to quantify the exposure to radiation from serial radiographs in children with limb deformities who are treated surgically using circular external fixation, linking this to the risk of developing cancer. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2019;101-B:241–245.
The effect of surgery in tenosynovial giant cell tumours as measured by patient-reported outcomes on quality of life and joint function
Authors: Verspoor F. G. M. , Mastboom M. J. L. , Hannink G. , van der Graaf W. T. A. , van de Sande M. A. J. , Schreuder H. W. B. 
Published: February 2019

Aims The aim of this study was to evaluate health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and joint function in tenosynovial giant cell tumour (TGCT) patients before and after surgical treatment. Patients and Methods This prospective cohort study run in two Dutch referral centres assessed patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs; 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36), visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain, and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC)) in 359 consecutive patients with localized- and diffuse-type TGCT of large joints. Patients with recurrent disease (n = 121) and a wait-and-see policy (n = 32) were excluded. Collected data were analyzed at specified time intervals preoperatively (baseline) and/or postoperatively up to five years. Results A total of 206 TGCT patients, 108 localized- and 98 diffuse-type, were analyzed. Median age at diagnosis of localized- and diffuse-type was 41 years (interquartile range (IQR) 29 to 49) and 37 years (IQR 27 to 47), respectively. SF-36 analyses showed statistically significant and clinically relevant deteriorated preoperative and immediate postoperative scores compared with general Dutch population means, depending on subscale and TGCT subtype. After three to six months of follow-up, these scores improved to general population means and continued to be fairly stable over the following years. VAS scores, for both subtypes, showed no statistically significant or clinically relevant differences pre- or postoperatively. In diffuse-type patients, the improvement in median WOMAC score was statistically significant and clinically relevant preoperatively versus six to 24 months postoperatively, and remained up to five years’ follow-up. Conclusion Patients with TGCT report a better HRQoL and joint function after surgery. Pain scores, which vary hugely between patients and in patients over time, did not improve. A disease-specific PROM would help to decipher the impact of TGCT on patients’ daily life and functioning in more detail. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2019;101-B:272–280.
Patient-specific meniscus prototype based on 3D bioprinting of human cell-laden scaffold
Authors: Filardo G. , Petretta M. , Cavallo C. , Roseti L. , Durante S. , Albisinni U. , Grigolo B. 
Published: February 2019

Objectives Meniscal injuries are often associated with an active lifestyle. The damage of meniscal tissue puts young patients at higher risk of undergoing meniscal surgery and, therefore, at higher risk of osteoarthritis. In this study, we undertook proof-of-concept research to develop a cellularized human meniscus by using 3D bioprinting technology. Methods A 3D model of bioengineered medial meniscus tissue was created, based on MRI scans of a human volunteer. The Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) data from these MRI scans were processed using dedicated software, in order to obtain an STL model of the structure. The chosen 3D Discovery printing tool was a microvalve-based inkjet printhead. Primary mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were isolated from bone marrow and embedded in a collagen-based bio-ink before printing. LIVE/DEAD assay was performed on realized cell-laden constructs carrying MSCs in order to evaluate cell distribution and viability. Results This study involved the realization of a human cell-laden collagen meniscus using 3D bioprinting. The meniscus prototype showed the biological potential of this technology to provide an anatomically shaped, patient-specific construct with viable cells on a biocompatible material. Conclusion This paper reports the preliminary findings of the production of a custom-made, cell-laden, collagen-based human meniscus. The prototype described could act as the starting point for future developments of this collagen-based, tissue-engineered structure, which could aid the optimization of implants designed to replace damaged menisci. Cite this article: G. Filardo, M. Petretta, C. Cavallo, L. Roseti, S. Durante, U. Albisinni, B. Grigolo. Patient-specific meniscus prototype based on 3D bioprinting of human cell-laden scaffold. Bone Joint Res 2019;8:101–106. DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.82.BJR-2018-0134.R1.
Radical scavenging of poly(methyl methacrylate) bone cement by rifampin and clinically relevant properties of the rifampin-loaded cement
Authors: Funk G. A. , Menuey E. M. , Cole K. A. , Schuman T. P. , Kilway K. V. , McIff T. E. 
Published: February 2019

ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to characterize the effect of rifampin incorporation into poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) bone cement. While incompatibilities between the two materials have been previously noted, we sought to identify and quantify the cause of rifampin’s effects, including alterations in curing properties, mechanical strength, and residual monomer content.MethodsFour cement groups were prepared using commercial PMMA bone cement: a control; one with 1 g of rifampin; and one each with equimolar amounts of ascorbic acid or hydroquinone relative to the amount of rifampin added. The handling properties, setting time, exothermic output, and monomer loss were measured throughout curing. The mechanical strength of each group was tested over 14 days. A radical scavenging assay was used to assess the scavenging abilities of rifampin and its individual moieties.ResultsCompared with control, the rifampin-incorporated cement had a prolonged setting time and a reduction in exothermic output during polymerization. The rifampin cement showed significantly reduced strength and was below the orthopaedic weight-bearing threshold of 70 MPa. Based on the radical scavenging assay and strength tests, the hydroquinone structure within rifampin was identified as the polymerization inhibitor.ConclusionThe incorporation of rifampin into PMMA bone cement interferes with the cement’s radical polymerization. This interference is due to the hydroquinone moiety within rifampin. This combination alters the cement’s handling and curing properties, and lowers the strength below the threshold for weight-bearing applications. Additionally, the incomplete polymerization leads to increased toxic monomer output, which discourages its use even in non-weight-bearing applications. Cite this article: G. A. Funk, E. M. Menuey, K. A. Cole, T. P. Schuman, K. V. Kilway, T. E. McIff. Radical scavenging of poly(methyl methacrylate) bone cement by rifampin and clinically relevant properties of the rifampin-loaded cement. Bone Joint Res 2019;8:81–89. DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.82.BJR-2018-0170.R2.
Dongeng, Mendongeng, dan Manfaatnya
Authors: Rukiyah Rukiyah 
Published: February 2019

Mendongeng merupakan tradisi yang sudah dimiliki oleh bangsa Indonesia berabad-abad yang lalu yang perlu dilestarikan karena banyak manfaat yang bisa diambil dari kegiatan tersebut. Tulisan ini mendeskripsikan tentang pengertian dongeng, mendongeng, dan manfaatnya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif. Data yang diperlukan diperoleh dengan studi pustaka dan selanjutnya diinterpreasi. Tahap selanjutnya dideskripsikan tentang dongeng, mendongeng dan manfaatnya. Dongeng adalah cerita prosa rakyat yang dianggap tidak benar-benar terjadi. Manfaat yang bisa dipetik dari kegiatan mendongeng adalah: menumbuhkan sikap proaktif, 2) mempererat hubungan anak dengan orang tua. 3) menambah pengetahuan, 4) melatih daya konsentrasi, 5) menambah perbendaharaan kata, 6) menumbuhkan minat baca, 7) memicu daya pikir kritis anak, 8) merangsang imajinasi, fantasi, dan kreativitas anak, 9) memberi pelajaran tanpa terkesan menggurui.
FENOMENA JOSHI KOSEI DALAM KEHIDUPAN MASYARAKAT JEPANG
Authors: Mulyadi Budi 
Published: February 2019

(Title: Joshi Kosei in The Life of Japanese Society). The main goal of this research is to know about Joshi Kosei (A Teenager Prostitution) in The Life of Japanese Society. This research is a combination between field and library reserach. Main method are observation, interview, interpretation. The research show the history of prostitution in Japan, the factors, and the effects for teenagers who are doing the job. The law in Japan has taken prostitution as a legal job, but it engenders a social problem especially a prostitution that involved teenagers. For Japanese people prostitution is not something taboo, it becomes a bussiness which is developed really fast in JapanKeywords : Joshi Kosei; Prostitution; Japanese Society
MAKNA VERBA MAJEMUK BAHASA JEPANG ~KAESU
Authors: Rosliana Lina , Lailatussoimah Ida 
Published: February 2019

(Title: Semantic Meaning of Japanese Compound Verbs ~kaesu). Compound verbs (fukugoudoushi) are compound words formed from a combination of at least two morphemes that have new grammatical meanings and functions as a verb. Compound verbs in Japanese can be formed from the combination of nouns with verbs (N + V), verbs with verbs (V1 + V2), adjectives with verbs (A + V), and adverbs with verbs (AD + V). The results of the combination structure above can produce diverse meanings. One of the causes is the presence of several verbs forming the back of the elements whose characteristics have many meanings. For example in the verb kaesu. Besides acting as an element forming the back, kaesu can also act as an element forming the front. Kaesu can form many compound verbs with different meanings. The aim of this research is to describe the semantic meaning of compound verbs –kaesu. The data being used are obtained from the website and some online news articles. The data were collected by library study, observation and writing technique. Then, the research data were analyzed using distributional method. The results of the analysis are presented by an informal method which is explained with simple words.
Higher-order anisotropic models in phase separation
Authors: Cherfils Laurence , Miranville Alain , Peng Shuiran 
Published: February 2019

AbstractOur aim in this paper is to study higher-order (in space) Allen–Cahn and Cahn–Hilliard models. In particular, we obtain well-posedness results, as well as the existence of the global attractor. We also give, for the Allen–Cahn models, numerical simulations which illustrate the effects of the higher-order terms and the anisotropy.
Post-translational modification-derived products are associated with frailty status in elderly subjects
Authors: Mahmoudi Rachid , Jaisson Stéphane , Badr Sarah , Jaidi Yacine , Bertholon Laurie-Anne , Novella Jean-Luc , Gillery Philippe 
Published: February 2019

Abstract

Background
Identifying frail elderly subjects is of paramount importance in order to conduct a tailored care. The characterization of frailty status is currently based on the collection of clinical data and on the use of various tools such as Fried’s criteria, which constitutes a difficult and time-consuming process. Up to now, no biological markers have been described as reliable tools for frailty characterization. We tested the hypothesis that a link between frailty and protein molecular aging existed. This study aimed therefore at determining whether post-translational modification derived products (PTMDPs), recognized as biomarkers of protein aging, were associated with frailty status in elderly subjects.

Methods
Frailty status was determined according to Fried’s criteria in 250 elderly patients (>65 years old) hospitalized in a short-term care unit. Serum concentrations of protein-bound PTMDPs, including carboxymethyllysine (CML), pentosidine, methylglyoxal-hydroimidazolone-1 and homocitrulline (HCit), were determined by liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry, and tissue content of advanced glycation end-products was assessed by skin autofluorescence (SAF) measurement. Associations between PTMDPs and frailty status were analyzed using logistic regression models.

Results
Frail patients had significantly (p<0.01) higher CML, HCit, and SAF values compared to non-frail and pre-frail subjects. By multivariate analysis, only HCit concentrations and SAF values remained associated with frailty status (p=0.016 and p=0.002, respectively), independently of age, comorbidities, renal function, C-reactive protein and albumin concentrations.

Conclusions
HCit and SAF are significantly associated with frailty status in elderly subjects. This study suggests that PTMDPs constitute promising biomarkers for identifying frail patients and guiding personalized patient care.
Fatale Orthodoxie
Authors: Müller-Doohm Stefan , Yos Roman 
Published: February 2019

AbstractOur reply to Fabian Freyenhagen’s article “Was ist orthodoxe Kritische Theorie?” (DZPhil 65.3 [2017], 456-469) raises the question whether his proposal that Critical Theory only “be adequately and appropriately critical” without a program of justification spares the search for any general criteria. Answering negatively we conversely want to recall, particularly with regard to Horkheimers’s and Adornos’sDialectic of Enlightmentas well as Habermas‘s concept of an emancipatory interest, that such a criterion as a normative foundation of critique is crucial not only for systematical purposes, but also recognised as necessary in this respect by Adorno, who Freyenhagen wants to play off against programs of justification. Critical Theory needs to be clear in this respect. Against this background we are questioning Freyenhagen‘s recourse to an “interest in abolishing social injustice” as the “only criterion for Critical Theory.” Because Freyenhagen ignores the fact that Critical Theory has been understood by its representatives in a twofold manner – as a theoretical program of justification for one and secondly as a cultural diagnosis – his plea for an orthodox Critical Theory is endangered by decisionism.
Effect of Ammonia Modification on Activated Carbons for the Removal of Acidic Anthraquinone Dyes
Authors: Yaacoubi Hind , Songlin Zuo 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
The objective of this research is to study the retention of two acidic anthraquinone dyes by Coconut-shell-based activated carbon. Ultimately, this work allows the valorization of this new material as an adsorbent. The effect of ammonia modification on the adsorption capacity of activated carbon towards remazol brilliant blue R19 (RB19) and acid blue 25 (AB25), has been studied. Coconut-shell-based activated carbon material was modified under ammonia flow at 900 and 1000 °C. The adsorption rates and isotherms of RB19 and AB25 on the resultant materials were then tested. The results show that ammonia modification remarkably increases the adsorption capacities of the activated carbons to RB19 and AB25, by a factor of 2–3 after treatment at 1000 °C (From 0.22 mmol g−1 and 1.04 mmol g−1 to 0.76 mmol g−1 and 2.19 mmol g−1 on AC and AC-O-N-1000, respectively). The increased adsorption capacity is attributed to the introduction of basic nitrogen-containing functional groups and enhanced pore development by ammonia modification. The collected experimental kinetic and isotherm data are well compatible with the intraparticle diffusion kinetic model and the Langmuir isotherm model. According to these results, the adsorption affinity is homogeneous in terms of surface functional groups and the surface bears a finite number of identical adsorption sites.
Reduction of Electric Field Stress on the Surface Contour and at the Triple Junction in UHVAC GIS by Spacer Design Optimization
Authors: Ladani Mitalkumar , Preetha P 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
The conical spacers made of epoxy resin are widely used in Gas Insulated System(GIS) for electrical insulation as well as mechanical support to the conductor. Electric stress on the surface of the spacer as well as at the triple junction is of major concern while designing the spacer for the Ultra High Voltage Alternating Current (UHVAC) GIS. To reduce the possibility of the flashover, the tangential field at the concave and convex surfaces is to be within limits. This paper presents a stepwise method for the reduction of the electric field at the spacer surface and at the triple junction by geometry shape optimization. The electric field has been calculated by solving Laplacian equation by Finite Element Method(FEM). Optimization has been realized by incorporating Nelder-Mead(NM) algorithm with FEM solution. The tangential field at the concave and convex surface of the conical spacer has been optimized by changing the shielding ball shape and metal inert in the spacer as well as by changing the curvature and thickness of spacer near to the high voltage conductor. The results demonstrate the reduction in the principle stress for the optimized geometry shape and the stress at the triple junction. The improvement in the electric field uniformity for the spacer surface is seen in the final optimized geometry
The Relation of Satisfaction, Self-Confidence and Emotion in a Simulated Environment
Authors: Mano Leandro , Mazzo Alessandra , Torres Neto Jose Rodrigues , Filho Cezar Kayzuka Cotta , Goncalves Vinicius Pereira , Ueyama Jo , Pereira Junior Gerson Alves 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Clinical simulation allows discussions about improving the quality on the patient’s care. This method have effectiveness on what concerns to satisfaction, self-confidence and student motivation. However, during the assessment, the students have emotional reactions that have tended to be overlooked. In view of this, this article seeks to identify and describe the relationship of the emotions observed by facial expressions and assess their degree of satisfaction and self-confidence by carrying out simulated practices among the nursing students. The analysis based on the scales showed high satisfaction and self-confidence levels, and it was found that the predominant basic emotion was anger, which is caused by other correlated emotions like tension and stress. This divergence between the identified emotions opens up space for further investigations about the level of motivation and the stimulus tolearning that these emotions can provide, and the extent to which they can lead to satisfaction and self-confidence.
A learner corpus analysis: Effects of task complexity, task type, and L1 & L2 similarity on propositional and linguistic complexity
Authors: Allaw Elissa 
Published: February 2019

AbstractLearner corpora provide researchers with a rich pool of resources that can complement experimental studies. The purpose of the present paper is to provide task complexity researchers, for the first time, with further insight regarding interactive effects of task complexity, task type, task modality, and L1 background on linguistic and propositional complexity. Analyzing 720 intermediate-level (B1) written texts that were extracted from open access online language learning platform, the EF-Cambridge Open Language Database (EFCAMDAT) revealed that there was a significant interaction effect among task design features (task complexity, task type, and L1 background) that influenced linguistic and propositional complexity of written texts. This suggests that task complexity does not function in isolation of other task design features such as task type and L1 background.
Towards memory integrity and authenticity of multi-processors system-on-chip using physical unclonable functions
Authors: Sepúlveda Johanna , Wilgerodt Felix , Pehl Michael 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
A persistent problem for modern Multi-Processors System-on-Chip (MPSoCs) is their vulnerability to code injection attacks. By tampering the memory content, attackers are able to extract secrets from the MPSoC and to modify or deny the MPSoC’s operation. This work proposes SEPUFSoC (Secure PUF-based SoC), a novel flexible, secure, and fast architecture able to be integrated into any MPSoC. SEPUFSoC prevents execution of unauthorized code as well as data manipulation by ensuring memory integrity and authentication. SEPUFSoC achieves: i) efficiency, through the integration of a fast and lightweight hash function for Message Authentication Code (MAC) generation and integrity verification of the memory lines at runtime; and ii) lightweight security, through the use of a Physical Unclonable Function (PUF) to securely generate and store the cryptographic keys that are used for the application authentication. We discuss the security and performance of SEPUFSoC for single core and multi-core systems. Results show that the SEPUFSoC is a secure, fast, and low overhead solution for MPSoCs. We discuss the SEPUFSoC security and cost, which strongly depends on the PUF and hash selection. In the future, new technologies may allow the exploration of different PUFs.
On the Interpretation of do(x)do(x)
Authors: Pearl Judea 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
This paper provides empirical interpretation of the

d
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do(x)

operator when applied to non-manipulable variables such as race, obesity, or cholesterol level. We view

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do(x)

as an ideal intervention that provides valuable information on the effects of manipulable variables and is thus empirically testable. We draw parallels between this interpretation and ways of enabling machines to learn effects of untried actions from those tried. We end with the conclusion that researchers need not distinguish manipulable from non-manipulable variables; both types are equally eligible to receive the

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do(x)

operator and to produce useful information for decision makers.