bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Learner-Centered Approaches in an International Nurse Training Program
Authors: Song Jenny 
Published: April 2019

Background:
This study examines the appropriateness of using learner-centered teaching approaches with international nurses in New Zealand. A 12-week international nurse training program was designed by a large tertiary institution in New Zealand in response to the request of Shenzhen local hospital officials in China. Three groups of 30 Chinese nurses attended this program.

Method:
Responses from program participants were garnered through an online survey and a focus group interview. All qualitative data were analyzed using a thematic approach.

Results:
The study results highlighted that a positive aspect of the program was the collaborative decision making invited by the program coordinator about the learning goals, topics, and content. Participants reported how the shift in power from a teacher-directed program to a learner-centric approach helped them to engage more fully in the program and achieve greater, more successful individual outcomes.

Conclusion:

This project demonstrated the feasibility of implementing an international nursing training program using a culturally appropriate learner-centric teaching approach. The findings suggest that a learner-centric teaching style effectively addresses the diverse professional needs and cultural backgrounds of international nursing practitioners.

[
J Contin Educ Nurs
. 2019;50(4):183–188.]
Relationship Between Student Engagement and Outcomes for Online Master of Science in Nursing Students
Authors: Serembus Joanne Farley , Riccio Patricia A. 
Published: April 2019

Background:
The purpose of this study was to examine associations between student engagement and student outcomes for online Master of Science in Nursing students using course analytics.

Method:
A retrospective, correlational design was used to analyze the relationship between the admission grade point average (GPA), course analytics measuring course access, minutes, interactions, and submissions, as well as the output of course grade. Additional associations with age, gender, major, and geography were tested.

Results:

Interactions and submissions had the highest impact on the course grade. Each additional increase in submissions resulted in an increase in course grade by 0.33% (
p
< .0001). Additionally, each 1-point increase in entry-level GPA was associated with an increase in course grade by 1.93% (
p
= .0289). Each 1-year increase in age demonstrated a course grade decrease of 0.17% (
p
< .0001).

Conclusion:

The two factors that most affected grade were interactions and submissions. Course grade was associated with entry-level GPA, age, access, and minutes.

[
J Nurs Educ.
2019;58(4):207–213.]
Regulation of Phospholipase D by Arf6 during FcγR-Mediated Phagocytosis
Authors: Tanguy Emeline , Tran Nguyen An Phu , Kassas Nawal , Bader Marie-France , Grant Nancy J. , Vitale Nicolas 
Published: April 2019

AbstractPhagocytosis is an essential element of the immune response, assuring the elimination of pathogens, cellular debris, and apoptotic and tumoral cells. Activation of phagocytosis by the FcγR stimulates phospholipase D (PLD) activity and triggers the production of phosphatidic acid (PA) at the plasma membrane of macrophages, but the regulatory mechanisms involved are still not clearly understood. In this study, we examined the role of the small GTPase Arf6 in the activation of the PLD isoforms during FcγR-mediated phagocytosis. In RAW 264.7 macrophage cells, expressed Arf6-GFP partially colocalized with PLD1-hemagglutinin on intracellular membrane-bound vesicles and with PLD2-hemagglutinin at the plasma membrane. Both PLD isoforms were found to interact with Arf6 during FcγR-mediated phagocytosis as seen by immunoprecipitation experiments. In macrophages stimulated for phagocytosis, Arf6 was observed to be associated with nascent phagosomes. RNA interference knockdown of Arf6 reduced the amount of active Arf6 associated with phagosomes, revealed by the MT2-GFP probe that specifically binds to Arf6-GTP. Arf6 silencing concomitantly decreased PLD activity as well as the levels of PA found on phagosomes and phagocytic sites as shown with the PA probe Spo20p-GFP. Altogether, our results indicate that Arf6 is involved in the regulation of PLD activity and PA synthesis required for efficient phagocytosis.
Imbalance of Ly-6Chi and Ly-6Clo Monocytes/Macrophages Worsens Hyperoxia-Induced Lung Injury and Is Rescued by IFN-γ
Authors: Eldredge Laurie C. , Creasy Rane S. , Tanaka Shigeru , Lai Jen-Feng , Ziegler Steven F. 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Inflammation in response to oxygen exposure is a major contributing factor in neonatal lung injury leading to bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Although increased levels of proinflammatory cytokines are seen in airway samples and blood from bronchopulmonary dysplasia patients, the innate immune responses in this common neonatal lung condition have not been well characterized. We previously reported that depletion of murine CD11b-expressing mononuclear phagocytes at birth led to severe acute hyperoxia-induced lung injury (HILI) and significant mortality. In this study, we further define the mononuclear phagocyte populations that are present in the neonatal lung and characterize their responses to hyperoxia exposure. We used myeloid depleter mice (CD11b-DTR and CCR2-DTR) to contrast the effects of depleting different monocyte/macrophage subpopulations on the innate immune response to hyperoxia. Using RNA sequencing and subsequent data analysis, we identified an IFN-γ–mediated role for interstitial monocytes/macrophages in acute HILI, in which decreased IFN-γ expression led to increased disease severity and increased Mmp9 mRNA expression. Importantly, intranasal administration of rIFN-γ largely rescued CD11b-DTR+ mice from severe HILI and decreased Mmp9 mRNA expression in Ly-6Clo and Ly-6Chi interstitial monocyte/macrophages. We conclude that the proinflammatory effects of hyperoxia exposure are, at least in part, because of the modulation of effectors downstream of IFN-γ by pulmonary monocytes/macrophages.
Terrainbento 1.0: a Python package for multi-model analysis in long-term drainage basin evolution
Authors: Barnhart Katherine R. , Glade Rachel C. , Shobe Charles M. , Tucker Gregory E. 
Published: April 2019

Abstract. Models of landscape evolution provide insight into the geomorphic history of specific field areas, create testable predictions of landform development, demonstrate the consequences of current geomorphic process theory, and spark imagination through hypothetical scenarios. While the last 4 decades have brought the proliferation of many alternative formulations for the redistribution of mass by Earth surface processes, relatively few studies have systematically compared and tested these alternative equations. We present a new Python package, terrainbento 1.0, that enables multi-model comparison, sensitivity analysis, and calibration of Earth surface process models. Terrainbento provides a set of 28 model programs that implement alternative transport laws related to four process elements: hillslope processes, surface-water hydrology, erosion by flowing water, and material properties. The 28 model programs are a systematic subset of the 2048 possible numerical models associated with 11 binary choices. Each binary choice is related to one of these four elements – for example, the use of linear or nonlinear hillslope diffusion. Terrainbento is an extensible framework: base classes that treat the elements common to all numerical models (such as input/output and boundary conditions) make it possible to create a new numerical model without reinventing these common methods. Terrainbento is built on top of the Landlab framework such that new Landlab components directly support the creation of new terrainbento model programs. Terrainbento is fully documented, has 100 % unit test coverage including numerical comparison with analytical solutions for process models, and continuous integration testing. We support future users and developers with introductory Jupyter notebooks and a template for creating new terrainbento model programs. In this paper, we describe the package structure, process theory, and software implementation of terrainbento. Finally, we illustrate the utility of terrainbento with a benchmark example highlighting the differences in steady-state topography between five different numerical models.
Rain erosivity map for Germany derived from contiguous radar rain data
Authors: Auerswald Karl , Fischer Franziska K. , Winterrath Tanja , Brandhuber Robert 
Published: April 2019

Abstract. Erosive rainfall varies pronouncedly in time and space.
Severe events are often restricted to a few square kilometers. Radar rain
data with high spatiotemporal resolution enable this pattern of erosivity
to be portrayed with high detail. We used radar data with a spatial
resolution of 1 km2 over 452 503 km2 to derive
a new erosivity map for Germany and to analyze the seasonal distribution of
erosivity. The expected long-term regional pattern was extracted from the
scattered pattern of events by several steps of smoothing. This included
averaging erosivity from 2001 to 2017 and smoothing in time and space. The
pattern of the resulting map was predominantly shaped by orography. It
generally agrees well with the erosivity map currently used in Germany
(Sauerborn map), which is based on regressions using rain gauge data
(mainly from the 1960s to 1980s). In some regions the patterns of both maps
deviate because the regressions of the Sauerborn map were weak. Most
importantly, the new map shows that erosivity is about 66 % larger than
in the Sauerborn map. This increase in erosivity was confirmed by long-term
data from rain gauge stations that were used for the Sauerborn map and which
are still in operation. The change was thus not caused by using a different
methodology but by climate change since the 1970s. Furthermore, the seasonal
distribution of erosivity shows a slight shift towards the winter period
when soil cover by plants is usually poor. This shift in addition to the
increase in erosivity may have caused an increase in erosion for many crops.
For example, predicted soil erosion for winter wheat is now about 4 times
larger than in the 1970s. These highly resolved topical erosivity data will
thus have definite consequences for agricultural advisory services,
landscape planning and even political decisions.
Low-level jets over the North Sea based on ERA5 and observations: together they do better
Authors: Kalverla Peter C. , Duncan Jr. James B. , Steeneveld Gert-Jan , Holtslag Albert A. M. 
Published: April 2019

Abstract. Ten years of ERA5 reanalysis data are combined with met-mast and lidar
observations from 10 offshore platforms to investigate low-level jet
characteristics over the Dutch North Sea. The objective of this study is to
combine the best of two worlds: (1) ERA5 data with a large spatiotemporal
extent but inherent accuracy limitations due to a relatively coarse grid and
an incomplete representation of physical processes and (2) observations that
provide more reliable estimates of the measured quantity but are limited in
both space and time. We demonstrate the effect of time and range limitations
on the reconstructed wind climate, with special attention paid to the impact
on low-level jets. For both measurement and model data, the representation of wind speed is
biased. The limited temporal extent of observations leads to a wind speed
bias on the order of ±1 m s−1 as compared to the long-term mean. In
part due to data-assimilation strategies that cause abrupt discontinuities in
the diurnal cycle, ERA5 also exhibits a wind speed bias of approximately 0.5 m s−1. The representation of low-level jets in ERA5 is poor in terms of a
one-to-one correspondence, and the jets appear vertically displaced (“smeared
out”). However, climatological characteristics such as the shape of the
seasonal cycle and the affinity with certain circulation patterns are
represented quite well, albeit with different magnitudes. We therefore
experiment with various methods to adjust the modelled low-level jet rate to the
observations or, vice versa, to correct for the erratic nature of the short
observation periods using long-term ERA5 information. While quantitative
uncertainty is still quite large, the presented results provide valuable
insight into North Sea low-level jet characteristics. These jets occur
predominantly for circulation types with an easterly component, with a clear
peak in spring, and are concentrated along the coasts at heights between 50 and 200 m.
Further, it is demonstrated that these characteristics can be used as
predictors to infer the observed low-level jet rate from ERA5 data with
reasonable accuracy.
Numerical simulations of two components ecological models with sinc collocation method
Authors: Barati Ali , Atabaigi Ali 
Published: April 2019

It is well known that reaction-diffusion systems can describe the interactions of different species in ecological systems. In this work, we propose a numerical method for solving a general two-species reaction-diffusion system. The method comprises a standard finite difference to discretize in time direction and Sinc collocation method in spatial direction. A series of numerical experiments demonstrate the accuracy and good performance of the algorithm. The biological significance of the numerical results was also discussed and presented in figures.
“Let Us Return to Herr Nietzsche”: On Health and Revaluation
Authors: Shepherd Melanie 
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACT
Nietzsche's 1886 prefaces, in which he reorients his earlier work toward his future project of the revaluation of values, are pervaded by the theme of health, and more specifically, Nietzsche's own health. In On the Genealogy of Morals, health is not a topic in its own right, but it recedes into the background as an evaluative criterion by which to judge Christian morality. In this article, I use Nietzsche's discussion of health in the 1886 prefaces to shed light on the role of health in his project of revaluation. Specifically, I will claim that in attending to health, Nietzsche experiments with an evaluation that twists free of a faith in opposite values.
Seasonal dynamics of soil microbial biomass in fragmented patches of subtropical humid forest of Jaintia hills in Meghalaya, Northeast India
Authors: Pao Ngakhainii Trune , Upadhaya Krishna 
Published: April 2019

Aim of the study: The aim of the study was to assess the seasonal dynamics of microbial biomass and its contribution to soil system along a fragment size gradient in subtropical humid forest of Meghalaya. Area of study: The study was conducted in forest fragments located at Jarain and adjoining areas in Jaintia Hills of Meghalaya, northeast India.Material and Methods: Forest fragments of sizes ranging from 3.8 to 105 ha were selected for the study and grouped into Small (< 5 ha), Medium (> 5 and < 15 ha), Large (>15 and < 50 ha) and Very Large (105 ha) classes. Three experimental plots each of 20 x 20 m were established at the forest edge and at 50 m distance assigned as ‘interior’ microsite in each of the fragments for sampling of soil. Soil samples (0-10 cm depth) from each of the experimental plots were collected in replicates on seasonal interval and microbial biomass was estimated by the fumigation extraction method.Important findings: Microbial biomass- C, -N and -P varied significantly (p< 0.05) between the fragment sizes, microsites and seasons. The microbial biomass was higher in the interior as compared to the edge. It was also high during the winter season. Overall, soil microbial biomass -C, -N and -P ranged from 260 to 969; 25 to 95 and 8 to 67 µg g-1 respectively. The contribution of microbial biomass -C, -N and -P to soil organic carbon, total Kjeldahl nitrogen and phosphorus ranged from 1.48 to 1.81 %, 2.54 to 4.54 % and 3.41 to 5.22 % respectively. Fragmentation alters the microenvironmental conditions and soil properties that in turn affect the microbial biomass. Highlights: This interaction of plant, soil and microbial community would gradually degrade in the fragments due to change in vegetation composition and structure, microclimatic conditions and soil physical and chemical properties. Our results suggests that microbial mediated ecosystem processes such as nutrient cycling are more susceptible to variation at the edge which may become unstable and unpredictable in forest fragments exposed to various human disturbances.Keywords: fragment size, microbial biomass, microenvironment, subtropical forest.
Development and Validation of HPLC Fluorescence and UPLC/DAD Stability-Indicating Methods for Determination of Hepatitis C Antiviral Agent Daclatasvir
Authors: Kamal Amira H , Ismail Nahla S , Mabrouk Mokhtar M , Bebawy Lories I , Mekky Mai A 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Background: Few stability-indicating chromatographic methods were published for determination of daclatasvir. All used UV detection. Objective: This work aimed to develop rapid, specific, and novel stability-indicating methods using HPLC with fluorescence detection and ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) with UV detection for the determination of daclatasvir in bulk powder and in its dosage form. Methods: The drug was subjected to hydrolysis (acidic and alkaline) as per International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guidelines. The fragmentation pattern of the drug was studied using LC-MS. Separation was carried out first by HPLC using Thermo BDS Hypersil Phenyl (300 mm × 4 mm, 5 μm) column and a mobile phase consisting of ammonium phosphate buffer (0.02 M) pH 3–methanol (40+60, v/v) at flow rate 1 mL/min. Quantitation was achieved by fluorescence detection at 305 and 457 nm for excitation and emission, respectively. The second method used UPLC equipped with diode-array detector. Acquity BEH C18 (50 mm × 2.1 mm, 1.7 μm) column was used with the same mobile phase at flow rate 0.4 mL/min and detection wavelength at 305 nm. ICH guidelines were used for validation. Results: The mean percentage recovery ± SD values for tablet assay were found to be 101.12 ± 0.655 and 99.78 ± 0.632 by HPLC and UPLC methods, respectively. The assay results showed a good agreement with the reported method. Conclusions: The developed HPLC and UPLC methods provide simple, accurate, and reproducible analysis of daclatasvir without interference from degradates. Highlights: This is the first research using fluorescence detection in a stability-indicating chromatographic method for determination of daclatasvir.
The impact of major league baseball on the incidence of operative hand and facial trauma at a level 1 trauma center
Authors: Ricci Joseph A. , Vargas Christina R. , Ho Olivia A. , Lin Samuel J. , Lee Bernard T. 
Published: April 2019

Background Professional affiliation between medical centers and professional sports teams can be mutually beneficial in the provision of healthcare and marketing strategy. Anecdotal evidence suggests a link between trauma volume and sporting events; however, there is limited data. This study aims to characterize the incidence of operative hand and facial trauma during professional baseball home games.
Methods A retrospective review of surgical cases for traumatic hand or facial injuries at a level 1 center between 1999 and 2012 was performed. Demographic information including date of injury, admission status, and operative repair were collected. Patients were grouped based on whether their trauma occurred on the date of a home game.
Results Operative hand and facial trauma occurred at a rate of 33.4 injuries per 100 days with home games, compared to 22.2 injuries per 100 days (incidence rate ratios, 1.50; 95% confidence interval, 1.34–1.69). When home games were played, patients were more likely to present as a result of motorcycle accidents (3.1% vs. 1.5%; P=0.04) or bicycle accidents (5.0% vs. 2.6%; P=0.01). Other mechanisms of trauma were not statistically different. There was an increase incidence of injuries during home games in August; weekly variability showed an increased incidence during the weekends.
Conclusions There was an increased rate of operative hand and facial injuries on dates with professional home games. The incidence of injuries during home games was higher in the late summer and on the weekends. Further analysis may allow improved resource allocation and strategies for injury prevention and treatment.
Impact of Agricultural Financing on Nigeria Economy
Authors: Ademola Ayodele E. 
Published: April 2019

The importance of agricultural surplus for the structural transformation accompanying economic growth is often addressed by development economists. In view of this, the study empirically assesses the impact of agricultural finance on the growth of Nigerian economy.
This paper employed secondary data and econometric techniques of Ordinary Least Square (OLS) of multiple regression estimates. The result of the model used suggests that the productivity of investment will be more appropriately financed with resources administered by the commercial and specialized financial institutions. And also, that there are an urgent and sincere needs to expand the credit size to the agricultural sector in order to enhance the productivity growth of the sector. It is recommended that maintenance of credible macroeconomic policies that is pro-investment in overhauling the Agricultural Sector and debt-equity swap option are necessary for an agricultural-led economic growth.
Impact of Cement Dust on Physico-chemical Properties of Soils around a Cement Factory in Bagalkot, Karnataka, India
Authors: A. Kokatnur Sukumar , Saviramath V. B. 
Published: April 2019

Aims: To study the physicochemical properties of soil around the cement factory, to examine the effect of the industrial dust on the soil properties and to analyse the relation between the proportion of pollutants and the distance from the cement factory.
Study Design: Were used to analyse the relationship between soil samples at four different locations within the study area. Statistical methods such as; percentage, graph and Pearson correlation method.
Place and Duration of Study: For this study soil samples were collected around J k cement factory near Muddhapura of Mudhol Taluk of Bagalkot district in the pre monsoon period at four directions. Samples were analysed using titrant method, flame photometer method, oslen method to determine physicochemical properties. Pearson correlation method was used to analyse the relation between concentration of different elements in the soil samples and distances in four directions.
Results: From detailed analysis it was observed that there was increase in concentration of major elements, such as P, Ca, and Mg. However, there are some exceptions such as OC, N, S, Na, Zn, and Fe whose concentration in the soil samples increase with increase in distances in all directions. Since their correlation with distance is positive and significant since the P-value is less than 0.05.
Conclusion: In the present study, it has been established that the physicochemical properties of the soils around the factory have been changed due to the dust deposition as it is adversely affecting the composition soils. This in turn affected the concentration of nutrients required for plants growth. Furthermore, it may become hazardous to soil, flora and fauna.