bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigating the use of pre‐training measures of autonomic regulation for assessing functional overreaching in endurance athletes
Authors: Coates Alexandra M. , Hammond Sarah , Burr Jamie F. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe use of heart rate variability (HRV) to inform daily training prescription is becoming common in endurance sport. Few studies, however, have investigated the use of pre‐training HRV to predict decreased performance or altered exercising autonomic response, typical of functional overreaching (FOR). Further, a new cardiac vagal tone (ProCVT) technology purports to eliminate some of the noise associated with daily HRV, and therefore may be better at predicting same‐day performance. The purpose of this investigation was to examine if changes to resting HRV and ProCVT were associated with alterations in performance, maximal heart rate (HRmax), or heart rate recovery (HRrec) in FOR athletes. Twenty‐eight recreational cyclists and triathletes were assigned to experimental/control conditions and underwent: 1 week of reduced training, 3 weeks of overload (OL) or regular training (CON), and 1 week of recovery. Testing occurred following the reduced training week (T1), post‐3 weeks of training (T2), and following the recovery week (T3). Measures of resting HRV/ProCVT were collected each testing session, followed by maximal incremental exercise tests with HRrec taken 60 s post‐exercise. Performance decreased from T1 to T2 in the OL group vs. CON (Δ−9 ± 12 vs. Δ9 ± 11 W, P < .001), as did HRmax (Δ−8 ± 4 vs. Δ−2 ± 4 bpm, P < .001). HRrec increased from T1 to T2 in the OL group vs. CON (Δ10 ± 9 vs. Δ2 ± 5 beats/min, P < .01). HRV and ProCVT did not change in either group. Same‐day resting autonomic measures are insufficient in predicting alterations to performance or exercising HR measures following overload training.
Study on energy efficiency in Vietnamese row house - case study of Tang Nhon Phu A Ward, District 9, HCMC
Authors: Thao H T P , Nam N D 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
District 9 is a new urban development area which is well-known as an industrial city in the rear of Ho Chi Minh City. This area has special characteristics which are different from central downtown. The housing of district 9 is a new urban area so that it is easier to orient particular architectural style accordance with climatic conditions and other conditions. However, at present, these new residential areas are rising with no clear management of architectural form. That is the reason lead to shortcomings such as: increasing the use of electricity, affecting to climate change and creating urban heat island, increasing costs of energy use. Those problems will be difficult to overcome in the future if we don’t have the right attention on it.
By using a combination of multiple methods such as: data collection, case study analysis method, GIS, research by design, etc., this research topic will pay attention on analysis the row house in Tang Nhon Phu A Ward of district 9 and trying to propose some solution and management criteria to local government. The analysis results will ensure that the conclusions reflect the realities of the situation, those also become the basis for the proposed solutions to deal with the existence problems. The result of research may become an application research platform for the related research topics.
CaSiAn: a Calcium Signaling Analyzer tool
Authors: Moein Mahsa , Grzyb Kamil , Gonçalves Martins Teresa , Komoto Shinya , Peri Francesca , Crawford Alexander D , Fouquier d’Herouel Aymeric , Skupin Alexander 
Published: April 2018

Abstract

Summary
Ca2+ is a central second messenger in eukaryotic cells that regulates many cellular processes. Recently, we have indicated that typical Ca2+ signals are not purely oscillatory as widely assumed, but exhibit stochastic spiking with cell type and pathway specific characteristics. Here, we present the Calcium Signaling Analyzer (CaSiAn), an open source software tool that allows for quantifying these signal characteristics including individual spike properties and time course statistics in a semi-automated manner. CaSiAn provides an intuitive graphical user interface allowing experimentalists to easily process a large amount of Ca2+ signals, interactively tune peak detection, revise statistical measures and access the quantified signal properties as excel or text files.

Availability and implementation
CaSiAn is implemented in Java and available on Github (https://github.com/mmahsa/CaSiAn) as well as on the project page (http://r3lab.uni.lu/web/casa).

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Value-elicitation and value-formation properties of discrete choice experiment and experimental auctions
Authors: Cerroni Simone , Watson Verity , Kalentakis Dimitrios , Macdiarmid Jennie I 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThis paper tests if second-price Vickrey auction (SPVA) and discrete choice experiment (DCE) are isomorphic, and whether lack of isomorphism is due to value elicitation, value-formation or both. We conduct an artefactual field experiment that combines induced-value (IV) and home-grown (HG) procedures using SPVA and DCE. Induced-value preferences are elicited for tokens and HG preferences for multi-attribute lasagnes. Attributes are healthiness and environmental sustainability. Our results suggest that HG preferences differ across elicitation methods. This discrepancy is due to value-elicitation and value-formation. DCE is the most demand revealing approach and provides the highest premiums for healthy and environmentally sustainable lasagnes.
The Treatment of Global Environmental Change in the Study of International Political Economy: An Analysis of the Field's Most Influential Survey Texts
Authors: Katz-Rosene Ryan M 
Published: April 2018

AbstractHuman activities taking place as part of postwar globalization have had a profound and intensifying impact on the global environment. In turn, global environmental change (GEC) is becoming an increasingly influential force in shaping the global political economy, with wide-ranging impacts on trade, finance, development, growth, governance, and interstate relations. This article examines how GEC is described and explained to students of international political economy (IPE), by reviewing the field's most influential survey texts. It finds that while most of the texts reflect the broader field's approach to GEC fairly accurately (in depicting GEC as an “emerging issue” warranting further study), this article problematizes this framing and argues that GEC ought to be given more urgent attention. That is, despite offering a tacit understanding of GEC's increasing influence as a central force shaping the global political economy (and vice versa), there remains an opportunity to better explain this dialectic to students within the field's primary texts.
When Feeling Younger Depends on Others: The Effects of Social Cues on Older Consumers
Authors: Amatulli Cesare , Peluso Alessandro M , Guido Gianluigi , Yoon Carolyn 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
How do social cues in the immediate environment affect older consumers’ tendency to feel younger? And what is the impact of this tendency on consumption? This research investigates the malleability of older consumers’ feel-age and the underlying mechanisms by focusing on the influence of contextual social cues and the downstream effects on consumption behavior. Five studies provide evidence that the mere presence of young social cues triggers an identity threat for older consumers; and feeling younger is a way to protect the self from negative stereotypes associated with aging. By contrast, young consumers are relatively immune to age-related social cues. Whereas the presence of young social cues magnifies older consumers’ tendency to feel younger, this effect is attenuated when the young social cues are less desirable or when the older consumers possess higher self-esteem. The greater tendency to feel younger in the presence of young social cues increases older consumers’ choice of contemporary over traditional products, especially among those with lower self-esteem. Theoretical insights and practical implications are discussed.
Common Variation in NLRP3 Is Associated With Early Death and Elevated Inflammasome Biomarkers Among Advanced HIV/TB Co-infected Patients in Botswana
Authors: Ravimohan Shruthi , Nfanyana Kebatshabile , Tamuhla Neo , Tiemessen Caroline T , Weissman Drew , Bisson Gregory P 
Published: April 2018

Abstract

Background
Elevated inflammation is associated with early mortality among HIV/tuberculosis (TB) patients starting antiretroviral therapy (ART); however, the sources of immune activation are unclear. We hypothesized that common variation in innate immune genes contributes to excessive inflammation linked to death. As single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in inflammasome pathway genes can increase risk for inflammatory diseases, we investigated their association with early mortality among a previously described cohort of HIV/TB patients initiating ART in Botswana.

Methods
We genotyped 8 SNPs within 5 inflammasome pathway genes and determined their association with death. For adjusted analyses, we used a logistic regression model. For SNPs associated with mortality, we explored their relationship with levels of systemic inflammatory markers using a linear regression model.

Results
Ninety-four patients in the parent study had samples for genetic analysis. Of these, 82 (87%) were survivors and 12 (13%) died within 6 months of starting ART. In a logistic regression model, NLRP3 rs10754558 was independently associated with a 4.1-fold increased odds of death (95% confidence interval, 1.04–16.5). In adjusted linear regression models, the NLRP3 rs10754558-G allele was linked to elevated IL-18 at baseline (Beta, 0.23; SE, 0.10; P = .033) and week 4 post-ART (Beta, 0.24; SE, 0.11; P = .026). This allele was associated with increased MCP-1 at baseline (Beta, 0.24; SE, 0.10; P = .02) and IL-10 (Beta, 0.27; SE, 0.11; P = .013) at week 4 post-ART.

Conclusion
The NLRP3 rs10754558-G SNP is associated with an increased risk for early mortality in HIV/TB patients initiating ART. These patients may benefit from therapies that decrease inflammasome-mediated inflammation.
Detection of the supercycle in V4140 Sagittarii: First eclipsing ER Ursae Majoris-like object
Authors: Kato Taichi , Hambsch Franz-Josef , Cook Lewis M 
Published: April 2018

AbstractWe observed the deeply eclipsing SU UMa-type dwarf nova V4140 Sgr and established the very short supercycle of 69.7(3) d. There were several short outbursts between superoutbursts. These values, together with the short orbital period (0.06143 d), were similar to, but not as extreme as, those of ER UMa-type dwarf novae. The object is thus the first, long sought, eclipsing ER UMa-like object. This ER UMa-like nature can naturally explain the high (apparent) quiescent viscosity and unusual temperature profile in quiescence, which were claimed observational features against the thermal–tidal instability model. The apparently unusual outburst behavior can be reasonably explained by a combination of this ER UMa-like nature and the high orbital inclination, and there is no need to introduce mass transfer bursts from its donor star.
Effectiveness of a Blended Physical Therapist Intervention in People With Hip Osteoarthritis, Knee Osteoarthritis, or Both: A Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Kloek Corelien J J , Bossen Daniël , Spreeuwenberg Peter M , Dekker Joost , de Bakker Dinny H , Veenhof Cindy 
Published: April 2018

Abstract

Background
Integrating physical therapy sessions and an online application (e-Exercise) might support people with hip osteoarthritis (OA), knee OA, or both (hip/knee OA) in taking an active role in the management of their chronic condition and may reduce the number of physical therapy sessions.

Objective
The objective of this study was to investigate the short- and long-term effectiveness of e-Exercise compared to usual physical therapy in people with hip/knee OA.

Design
The design was a prospective, single-blind, multicenter, superiority, cluster- randomized controlled trial.

Setting
The setting included 143 primary care physical therapist practices.

Participants
The participants were 208 people who had hip/knee OA and were 40 to 80 years of age.

Intervention
e-Exercise is a 3-month intervention in which about 5 face-to-face physical therapy sessions were integrated with an online application consisting of graded activity, exercise, and information modules. Usual physical therapy was conducted according to the Dutch physical therapy guidelines on hip and knee OA.

Measurements
Primary outcomes, measured at baseline after 3 and 12 months, were physical functioning and free-living physical activity. Secondary outcome measures were pain, tiredness, quality of life, self-efficacy, and the number of physical therapy sessions.

Results
The e-Exercise group (n = 109) received, on average, 5 face-to-face sessions; the usual physical therapy group (n = 99) received 12. No significant differences in primary outcomes between the e-Exercise group and the usual physical therapy group were found. Within-group analyses for both groups showed a significant improvement in physical functioning. After 3 months, participants in the e-Exercise group reported an increase in physical activity; however, no objectively measured differences in physical activity were found. With respect to secondary outcomes, after 12 months, sedentary behavior significantly increased in the e-Exercise group compared with the usual physical therapy group. In both groups, there were significant improvements for pain, tiredness, quality of life, and self-efficacy.

Limitations
The response rate at 12 months was 65%.

Conclusions
The blended intervention, e-Exercise, was not more effective than usual physical therapy in people with hip/knee OA.
The mapping class group orbits in the framings of compact surfaces
Authors: Kawazumi Nariya 
Published: April 2018

AbstractWe compute the mapping class group orbits in the homotopy set of framings of a compact connected oriented surface with non-empty boundary. In the case g≥2, the computation is some modification of Johnson’s results (D. Johnson, Spin structures and quadratic forms on surfaces, J. London Math. Soc. (2)22 (1980), 365–373; D. Johnson, An abelian quotient of the mapping class group ℐg, Math. Ann.249 (1980), 225–242) and certain arguments on the Arf invariant, while we need an extra invariant for the genus 1 case. In addition, we discuss how this invariant behaves in the relative case, which Randal-Williams (O. Randal-Williams, Homology of the moduli spaces and mapping class groups of framed, r-Spin and Pin surfaces, J. Topology7 (2014), 155–186) studied for g≥2.
A-103 Combined immune-based strategies targeting viral persistence in ART-suppressed SIV-infected rhesus macaques
Authors: Paiardini Mirko 
Published: April 2018

Antiretroviral therapy (ART) suppresses viral replication in HIV-infected individuals, but does not eliminate an extremely durable reservoir of latently infected cells that is established early after infection. Understanding the phenotype and location of latently infected cells represents a critical challenge in designing a cure for HIV; furthermore, many HIV-infected individuals given ART exhibit residual inflammation, which may contribute to virus persistence. This presentation will discuss immune based strategies targeting HIV persistence developed over the past several years using the model of SIV infection in rhesus macaques. Recent work identified PD-1+ follicular helper CD4+ T-cells as an important cellular compartment for viral persistence. We have described that CTLA-4+PD-1-memory CD4+ T-cells, which share phenotypic markers with regulatory T-cells and localize outside the B-cell follicle of the lymph nodes, are significantly enriched in SIV-DNA; contain robust levels of replication-competent virus; and increase their contribution to the SIV reservoir with prolonged ART. Finally, we showed that Interleukin-21 and IFN-alpha administration in ART-treated, SIV-infected RMs reduces residual immune activation during ART and temporally delay viral rebound after ART treatment interruption.
These recent advancements highlight the complexity and diversity of the mechanisms and T-cell populations that can contribute to the residual reservoirs of virally infected cells. Developing a range of different interventions to target individual components of viral reservoirs represent both a formidable challenge and an exciting opportunity for the years to come.
A-104 Immune Targeting of the Latent Reservoir
Authors: Nixon Douglas F. 
Published: April 2018

HIV is a human infectious exogenous retrovirus which is thought to have infected human populations from cross primate species transmissions. Within our genomes are remnants of past infectious retroviruses which have endogenized, called “endogenous retroviruses” (ERVs). We have previously shown that human ERVs (HERVs) can be transcribed in an HIV infected cell, but had not identified which sub-family or unique HERV was transcribed. Using a novel computational pipeline, Telescope, we have identified which HERVs are expressed in HIV infected cells.
We have received funding for a Martin Delaney Collaboratory grant called “Believe” in which we research towards HIV eradication based upon enhanced targeted cell therapy. As part of this program, we have investigated whether we can identify markers which uniquely identify the latent reservoir. New data will be presented on 2 putative markers, CD32a and IFITM1.
B-101 Shooting many cytokines with a single Stone-a novel anti-cytokine technology with broad clinical application
Authors: Tagaya Yutaka , Zapata Juan , Wu Xiaorong , Basheer Asjad , Frohna Paul , Azimi Nazli 
Published: April 2018

gc-cytokines (IL-2, -4, -7, -9, -15, -21) control major immune responses and lymphocyte development. Their aberrant production drives multiple human diseases including HTLV-1 associated myelopathy (HAM), T-cell malignancies, graft-versus-host (GvH) disease and autoimmunity (e.g., alopecia areata, Celiac disease, asthma). Importantly, these diseases are caused by 2 or more cytokines (multi-cytokine diseases) which cannot be effectively and safely treated by the current anti-cytokine approaches.
To address this issue, we developed a novel class of multi-cytokine inhibitors (MCI) that are designed as cytokine-mimetic peptides each of which contains a short motif shared by only the targeted cytokines of the γc family. Our first MCI, BNZ 132-1, selectively inhibits IL-2, -9, -15 without affecting other γc- or non-γc-cytokines. BNZ 132-1 efficiently eradicated LGL leukemic cells without damaging normal cells in the IL-15 leukemic model we developed, in which a Jak inhibitor (Tofacitinib) showed only limited efficacy (Nata et al 2015 J Biol Chem).
In humanized-mice infected with LCMV (a mouse model of cytokine release syndrome [CRS]), animals treated with BNZ 132-1 survived while all control animals died. BNZ 132-1 reversed the cytokine storm (IL-6, TNF-γ, IFN-γγ within 5 days, which is likely caused by the over-production of IL-2/IL-15). Similarly, GvH naturally occurring in humanized mice was effectively suppressed by the BNZ 132-1 treatment. These results suggest a potential application of BNZ 132-1 for GvH post transplantation and CRS post microbial infection, in addition to HAM and T-cell malignancies that we are targeting in our clinical trials. Thus, our new MCI technology fills in a major gap of anti-cytokine therapy.
P-E4 The MoMent Study: Correlates of viral suppression at 6 months postpartum among HIV-positive women in rural Nigeria
Authors: Ramadhani Habib , Isah Christopher , Charurat Manhattan , Sam-Agudu Nadia 
Published: April 2018

Introduction:
The risk of mother-to-child transmission of HIV (MTCT) reduces with sustained pre & postpartum administration of suppressive maternal ARVs. The MoMent study evaluated for maternal viral suppression & its correlates among HIV+ Nigerian women.

Methods:
This prospective cohort study compared structured Mentor Mother (MM) vs unstructured peer support (PS) for PMTCT outcomes. Pregnant women were recruited at 20 matched Primary Healthcare Centers in rural North-Central Nigeria. Structured PS included daily MM supervision, standardized documentation, client tracking, & MM performance evaluations. Maternal viral load (VL) was performed at 6 months postpartum; women lost to followup were tracked back for VL tests. Viral suppression was defined as VL <20 copies/mL. All participants were on ART for ≥6 months. Multivariate logistic regression with generalized estimating equations was used to account for clusters and for adjusting confounders.

Results:
Among 497 enrolees, 296 (59.6%) presented for VL; 273/296 (92.2%) had samples collected. Of the 238/273 (87.2%) with available results, 138 (58%) were suppressed. Correlates of suppression were structured MM support (aOR 4.9, CI 2.6 to 9.2); age >30 years (aOR 2.3, CI 1.0 to 4.9); ≥secondary education (aOR 2.0, CI 1.2 to 3.3); Christian religion (aOR 1.4, CI 1.1 to 2.1); PI-based ART (aOR 4.6, CI 1.3 to 16.0), and retention (aOR 3.7, CI 2.5 to 5.5). Marital/disclosure status & distance from facility were not significant.

Discussion:
Organized PS, older age, education, potent ARVs & retention supported viral suppression in our study. The role of religion is unclear & should be further explored.

Conclusion:
Structured PS should be targeted to young & lesser educated women to reduce MTCT risk.
P-G5 Differential immune response to HCV peptides as cancer-progression biomarkers of HCV-infections
Authors: Tornesello AnnaLucia , Reimer Ulf , Holenya Pavlo , Knaute Tobias , Tornesello MariaLina , Maria Buonaguro Franco 
Published: April 2018

HCV infections are the main cause of chronic liver disease and in part of lymphoproliferative disorders. Most HCV infections (>90%) determine chronic hepatitis, 30% of which progress to liver cirrhosis and 3% annually to Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC). The progression rate is mainly articulated in low (>40 years) and high (<10 years) speed progressors, with the latter being associated to male gender, <40 years of age, >150mL daily alcohol consumption. Current progression markers are mainly based on biochemical evaluation of liver damage (elevation of alanine and aspartate transaminases) and inflammation (elevation of alpha-fetoprotein). Such markers are not specific and elevated also for other infections (ie, HBV and HCMV) or metabolic disorders (ie, steatosis). Specific HCV-related markers would be relevant to identify HCV co-factors and to select high priority people for direct anti-viral treatment.
To identify HCC progression markers, samples from HCV+ patients at different infection stage have been analyzed on the HCV-peptide platform newly developed by JPT Peptide Technologies GmbH (Germany). It covers the complete HCV-protein arrays with >3000 overlapping 15-amino-acid-long peptides from all structural and non structural HCV proteins. The currently available data (from 7 HCV+ asymptomatic, 5 HCV+ with cryoglobulinemia, 9 HCV cirrhosis/HCC and 5 HCV− patients) demonstrates that in asymptomatic patients the level of anti-HCV is in general very low (including anti-capsid/core proteins), while high levels of immunoresponse anti-non-structural proteins is present in patients with liver cancer. Confirmation of such data would support the anti-non structural response as biomarker of cancer progression in HCV+ patients.