bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design and experimental analysis of MEMS-based Ku band phase shifter
Authors: Rajan V. Prithivi , A. Punitha 
Published: April 2018

Purpose
This paper aims to design a radio frequency micro-electro-mechanical system (RF MEMS)-based phase shifter using chamfered coplanar waveguide (CPW) transmission line (t-line) with open-circuit interdigital metal–air–metal (ID MAM) capacitors.

Design/methodology/approach
The proposed phase shifter achieves maximum differential phase shift with low loss at Ku band. The phase shifter is built with one switchable fixed-fixed beam (MEMS switch) on chamfered CPW t-line in series with two planar open-circuit ID MAM capacitors. An equivalent circuit model for the proposed phase shifter is derived, and its parameters are extracted using an electromagnetic (EM) solver.

Findings
The MEMS switch is actuated using an electrostatic method with the calculated residual stress of 44.26 MPa. The fabricated phase shifter exhibits low insertion loss, close to 0.14 dB at 17 GHz, with the maximum phase shift of 15.06°. The return loss is greater than 23 dB between 12 and 18 GHz.

Originality/value
This phase shifter presents a promising solution for low loss applications in the Ku band with a maximum phase shift. As the maximum phase shift of 15.06° is achieved for a unit cell with low insertion loss, the phase shifter is found to be feasible for modern electronically tunable phased arrays used for satellite communication and radar systems.
Gender and relationship differences in the perceptions of male and female leadership
Authors: Szymanska Izabela I. , Rubin Beth A. 
Published: April 2018

PurposeThis research aims to investigate the differences in evaluations of job performance between male and female managers by those managers’ immediate bosses and peers.Design/methodology/approachDrawing on gender structure theory, along with ideas about status characteristics, the authors use hierarchical regression to test the hypotheses that male and female bosses and peers deferentially evaluate the male and female manager’s global job performance. The authors hypothesize significant two-way interactions (gender of the manager by gender of evaluator) in predicting a manager’s job performance.FindingsThe results suggest that while male peers rate female managers’ job performance significantly lower than that of male managers, female peers do not discriminate between genders in their performance evaluations. Also, managers’ bosses were found not to discriminate between genders of their subordinates.Research limitations/implicationsThe limitations of this study have to do primarily with the data. While the data are rich on some dimensions, they are weak on others, especially with regard to the detail about the jobs the respondents did, detailed level of familiarity with the evaluated managers, as well as racial background. The data also do not provide information on the different facets of job performance, the evaluation of which could potentially be impacted by managerial gender; this study is focused exclusively on global job performance.Practical implicationsThe authors discuss various theoretical explanations of this pattern of results, as well as its possible influence on female managers’ careers. Although the effect size of the negative bias that male peers exhibit toward female managers is relatively small, it may be argued that lower performance assessments can accumulate over years in multiple job evaluations, negatively affecting the career of female leaders.Originality/valueThe evaluations supplied by different organizational members gain importance with the increased use of 360-degree feedback instruments not just for developmental but also for the job performance appraisal purposes. While the job evaluations of managers’ bosses have been investigated in the past with regard to the possible gender bias, this study provides the first known to the authors’, evidence. Also, this study points to a direct bias in performance assessments, rather than a potentially more subtle, non-performance-based bias that affects the disparities in wages and promotions of female managers. Thus, this study helps to fill a significant gap in the literature on organizations and it may have practical implications for the advancement of female managers. In addition to this contribution, this study also provides data that may be useful in resolving the ongoing debate whether female bosses act more as cogs in the machine or as change agents in organizations.
Self-efficacy measure may enhance your recruitment and placement efforts
Authors: Lyons Paul R. , Bandura Randall P. 
Published: April 2018

Purpose
This paper aims to offer the views that the psychological construct, self-efficacy, is significantly related to high or strong performance at work and that a brief, efficient survey allows for managers and HR practitioners to assess individuals per the characteristic.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors performed a broad review of literature, mostly empirical research, focused in particular upon the linkage of self-efficacy with work performance. Important conclusions of this review are reported. Also researched were the existing measures (surveys and scales) of self-efficacy that demonstrated validity and reliability.

Findings
Hundreds of studies, in combination, have concluded that the construct, self-efficacy, is highly and positively related to individual motivation, self-confidence, proactive behavior, and work performance, among other valued characteristics. There are measures to use to assess individual beliefs regarding self-efficacy that may be used in for recruitment and placement decisions.

Originality/value
Clearly expressed is the substance and value of the self-efficacy construct which has been the subject of hundreds of studies. The importance of self-efficacy and its linkage to motivation and performance is expressed. A brief, statistically valid, and reliable instrument is offered in its entirety for use by managers and/or HR practitioners.
Reallocation of IPO shares: emerging market evidence
Authors: Wadhwa Kavita , Syamala Sudhakara Reddy 
Published: May 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to study the reallocation of initial public offering (IPO) shares to retail investors, non-institutional buyers (NIBs) and qualified institutional buyers (QIBs). The authors examine how the reallocation process is related to the pricing decision of the underwriter. The authors also examine the long-run performance of the IPOs classified on the basis of the highest reallocation by retail investors, NIBs and QIBs.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors use regression analysis as well as 2SLS and three-stage least squares models to test the hypotheses. For long-run performance analysis, the authors adopt Carhart’s (1997) four-factor model.

Findings
First, the authors provide evidence that the reallocation of IPO shares for retail investors, NIBs and QIBs is frequent. Second, all three categories of investors are treated differently in the reallocation of underpriced shares. Third, the authors find that the reallocation and pricing strategies are interdependent and both the strategies are used by the underwriter to reward and favor retail investors for showing high level of demand. The authors find that in India, underwriters reward retail investors. Lastly, even though underwriters favor retail investors for reallocation, the authors find that IPOs which receive highest reallocation to retail investors perform poorly in the long run.

Originality/value
This paper is the first paper to show evidence of reallocation of IPO shares by underwriters for an emerging market. The paper is different from other papers as the regulatory regime present in the Indian markets is different from other markets.
Creating relational capital through socialization in project alliances
Authors: Aaltonen Kirsi , Turkulainen Virpi 
Published: April 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to elaborate the understanding of socialization in the context of temporary operations and organizational settings, using project alliance – the most contemporary approach to the management of large and complex projects – as an example. In particular, the paper also assesses how informal and formal socialization mechanisms are used to facilitate relational capital in such a setting.Design/methodology/approachData were collected by two case studies of complex infrastructure projects in a Northern European city. The analysis focuses on how socialization is managed across organizational interfaces within the alliance organization during the project tendering and development phase to create relational capital.FindingsThe findings indicate that significant emphasis is put on socialization in project alliances. However, while in the tendering phase both informal and formal socialization mechanisms are used to create relational capital; in the development phase informal socialization mechanisms are associated with higher levels of relational capital and formal socialization mechanisms are used to maintain the level of relational capital.Originality/valueWhile operations and supply chain management research argues that socialization is critical to manage organizational interfaces and to create relational capital in buyer-supplier relationships, research has mainly focused on ongoing operations. This study complements the prior research by developing further insight into socialization in the context of temporary operations and organizational settings; such settings create a unique empirical context, posing different managerial challenges as the results also indicate.
Process validation: coping with three dilemmas in process-based single-case research
Authors: Andersen Poul Houman , Dubois Anna , Lind Frida 
Published: May 2018

Purpose
Recent research suggests that the interest in process-based single-case studies is increasing in business-to-business (B2B) marketing. This paper aims to discuss research validity issues and dilemmas encountered by process-based single-case researchers in B2B marketing.

Design/methodology/approach
This is a methodology paper that builds on an integration of experiences, ideas and literature.

Findings
In the paper, three dilemmas are suggested that researchers need to deal with in process-based single-case research. These relate to the casing process: crafting the case, communicating the case and describing the process of the study. Furthermore, process validation is suggested as a research quality concept concerned with how these dilemmas are handled.

Research limitations implications
Based on the notion of process validation, the authors provide suggestions for how casing, as a process-based single-case approach, can be conveyed and advanced in its own right.

Practical implications
This study can be used to convey insights that can help new and experienced researchers in conducting single-case studies in B2B.

Originality/value
Coping with issues of research quality in B2B marketing is of relevance to researchers dealing with process-based single-case research and process validation issues, as well as to journal reviewers evaluating the qualities of process-based single-case research.
Green buying behavior in India: an empirical analysis
Authors: Chaudhary Richa 
Published: April 2018

Purpose
Using insights from theory of planned behavior (TPB), this study aims to examine the determinants and their relative importance in predicting green buying behavior among young educated consumers in India.

Design/methodology/approach
Data are collected from 202 young Indian consumers using online questionnaire survey. Confirmatory factor analysis is used to ensure the reliability and validity of study measures in the present context. Structural equation modeling is used to test the proposed research model.

Findings
Findings confirm perceived value and willingness to pay premium as significant predictors of the green purchase intention. In turn, green purchase intention significantly influenced green buying behavior.

Practical implications
This study by advancing the understanding on the factors influencing green product purchase intention and behavior among Indian youths will help the policymakers to design policies and programs to encourage the adoption of green purchase behaviors, which in turn will help in addressing the problem of environmental sustainability, which the whole world is struggling with.

Originality/value
This study validates the importance of TPB framework in comprehending consumer green product purchase intention and behavior in a culturally different context of India. Thus, this study contributes to the green marketing literature by examining the unique combination of variables in predicting green buying behavior in an integrated framework. It also extends the TPB by demonstrating the importance of additional constructs, perceived value and willingness to pay in predicting green purchase intention and behavior among young millennials in India.
Ethical leadership and work engagement
Authors: Ahmad Israr , Gao Yongqiang 
Published: April 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the mediating role of psychological empowerment in the relationship between ethical leadership and employee work engagement as well as the moderating effect of power distance orientation.Design/methodology/approachWith a multi-wave survey, this paper uses a sample of 251 employees from the banking sector in Pakistan to test the hypotheses.FindingsThe results reveal that psychological empowerment partially mediates the relationship between ethical leadership and employee work engagement. Besides, power distance orientation mitigates the positive relationship between ethical leadership and psychological empowerment as well as the indirect effect of ethical leadership on employee work engagement via psychological empowerment.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the existing ethical leadership literature by identifying psychological empowerment as an additional mediator and power distance orientation as a boundary condition, in the relationship between ethical leadership and employee work engagement.
The future of the Australian valuation profession
Authors: Wilkinson Sara , Antoniades Hera , Halvitigala Dulani 
Published: May 2018

PurposeValuers face significant challenges as processes become automated and the role evolves to data handling and processing. To survive and thrive, valuers must respond to a changing market. The purpose of this paper is to examine the issues, threats and challenges facing the Australian profession, though the issues are global.Design/methodology/approachThis qualitative research sought a deeper understanding of the threats, challenges and new areas of practice that Australian valuers were experiencing. A focus group approach was designed to collect data from practitioners in Sydney and Melbourne. The research aimed to identify new knowledge and skills for the future and emerging trends and practices.FindingsThe key issues, threats and challenges faced included increasing use of automated valuation models for low-risk residential valuations, valuers being unable to protect themselves against the banks, loss of control of the data and valuations. In total, 12 knowledge domains and skills required in the future were established and ten emerging trends and practices were identified.Research limitations/implicationsThe key limitations were that participants were from Melbourne and Sydney in Australia only and the focus is NSW and Victoria centric, although many participants have international work experience. There was an under representation of rural valuers, of small valuation firms, of young, recently joined or qualified valuers and females.Practical implicationsThe findings inform a manifesto for the future which sets out the practical implications for valuers and the professional body. This action plan sets the new knowledge domains, practices and trends that can be adopted by the profession and its members.Originality/valueThis is the original research and highlights some real threats, issues and challenges facing the Australian valuers. It complements work undertaken by legal and accounting professional bodies, which sense change affecting their membership and services. A manifesto for action has been outlined to address the changes that are coming and those already here.
Thorsby-Wando Marine Refit, Inc.: refurbishing a supplier selection tool
Authors: Timmerman John E. , Ponomarov Serhiy Y. , Morris, Jr R. Franklin 
Published: April 2018

Synopsis
Rick Jamison, as Project Manager for the highly profitable Mega-Yacht division of Thorsby-Wando Marine Refit, Inc., has been assigned the task of revamping the supplier evaluation and selection tool used by the company in view of the evolution of the business from a small boat storage and repair facility into a full-service large boat and mega-yacht repair and refit facility. Rick gleans ideas from a colleague at another facility in preparation for re-crafting the current supplier evaluation tool. Rick becomes acquainted with how the Delphi method could be used to achieve consensus among members of the buying center to arrive at key factors and their proportionate weights for use in the supplier evaluation tool.

Research methodology
The case is based upon interviews with the company that is represented by Thorsby-Wando Marine Refit, Inc.

Relevant courses and levels
This case is targeted primarily at undergraduate students in purchasing, materials management and supply chain management courses. The case works best when it is employed in connection with a discussion of the major methods for evaluating vendors.
Crafting a teaching case study: ideation to publication
Authors: Berte Erica , Narapareddy Vijaya , Reed Marlene M. , Keels J. Kay 
Published: April 2018

Synopsis
“I think I would like to write a case. What do I do now?” The purpose of this paper is to answer this often-asked question by presenting a useful guide for case writers which examines the entire process of case writing beginning with the initial idea and proceeding through required stages leading to the publication of case studies. Further, this guide seeks to emphasize that case writing is a form of research, not just story telling. Ultimately, the increasing interest of scholars in researching, writing, and publishing pedagogical cases provided the impetus for this paper. The four major case writing processes identified in this paper include ideation (idea generation), creation (crafting the case study), application (creating the Instructor’s Manual), and publication (publishing the case). Each of these four processes is presented in detail including examples, pitfalls, and resources. This work is intended to assist novice, as well as experienced, case authors who seek advice on crafting and publishing pedagogical cases in refereed journals. Resources presented in this paper should be helpful especially for aspiring and as yet unpublished case writers.

Research methodology
The paper is based partially on archival research, but most of the content is based on the substantial experience of the authors.

Relevant courses and levels
The paper is relevant for upper-level undergraduates as well as graduate students interested in pedagogically based research.
Individual‐level trait variation and negative density dependence affect growth in tropical tree seedlings
Authors: Umaña Maria Natalia , Zipkin Elise F. , Zhang Caicai , Cao Min , Lin Luxiang , Swenson Nathan G. 
Published: April 2018

Abstract

Individual‐level interactions with neighbours and their surrounding environments are key factors influencing performance that ultimately shape and maintain diversity in tropical plant communities. Theory predicts that the strength of these interactions depends on the similarity among neighbours, the turnover in composition caused by individuals that enter as new recruits and individuals that die, and fitting to local conditions. Despite considerable phenotypic variation among individuals and high community dynamics, these three factors have rarely been considered together for understanding growth variation, especially for seedling communities in the tropics.

We address this outstanding challenge by quantifying the influence of trait dissimilarity among neighbours, temporal turnover in neighbours, and individual trait variation on seedling growth, based on an unprecedented dataset containing individual‐level demographic and functional trait data for tropical tree seedlings.

The results showed that trait dissimilarity associated with resource acquisition does not influence growth. However, conspecific negative density‐dependent effects on growth were evident through the initial density of conspecifics and the increase in conspecifics during the study period. Also, individuals with relatively larger investments in leaf biomass allocation attained higher growth rates, suggesting that seedlings adjust their resource allocation to tissues related with light capture.

Synthesis. Together, these findings indicate that tropical seedling communities are structured by local abiotic factors that ultimately result in individual variation in resource acquisition traits and by biotic interactions driven by negative density dependence. These biotic interactions are highly dynamic and depend on conspecifics turnover, even at short temporal scales. Thus, to gain further insights into the forces structuring seedling communities, future studies should account for temporal variability in immediate neighbours and individual‐level phenotypic variation that influence individual interactions.
Women and Penal Reform: Two Steps Forwards, Three Steps Backwards?
Authors: Gelsthorpe Loraine , Russell Jackie 
Published: April 2018

AbstractSince publication of the Corston Report in 2007, initiatives with regard to women and criminal justice in England and Wales have been marked by positive steps on the one hand, but reversal and failure on the other. A central element to this narrative has been the enthusiastic development of community‐based services for women, only to be followed by the subsequent dissipation of government energy, a diminution of interest, and a decline in funding. In this article, some of the complexities of the reforms are considered, a detailed reading is provided of the various initiatives as an historical record, and the context(s) in which the steps forward and backward can be understood is reflected on. In light of the evidence, it is argued that if women's centres are to be successful in facilitating and supporting movements away from crime, then there is an urgent need for a consistent strategy derived from evidence‐based research and experience.