bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Research on Image Compression Coding Technology
Authors: Tan Linglong , Zeng Yong , Zhang Wenju 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Absrtact. Image compression technology is the basis of all kinds of media compression and transmission, and its compression effect is directly related to the compression effect of media. In this paper, four commonly used image compression coding methods, namely, undistorted Huffman coding, run-length coding, finite distortion predictive coding and transform coding, are used to compress still images, and the efficiency of each coding method is analyzed. The experimental results show that the two lossless compression coding methods have remarkable compression effect, but the compression efficiency is low. Although the compression ratio of lossy compression coding method is high, the decompressed image has certain distortion.
Recent results from RIBRAS (Radioactive Ion Beams in Brasil)
Authors: Lichtenthäler R , Lépine-Szily A , Guimarães V , Appannababu S , Santos O C B , Umbelino U , Serra A , Pires K C C , de Lara A L , Zevallos E O N , Scarduelli V , Assunção M , Alcántara-Núñez J 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
An overview of the experiments performed at RIBRAS over the last year is presented. Elastic scattering and breakup reactions induced by light exotic projectiles on different targets have been measured and some results are presented here for the 120Sn(6He, α) reaction. Resonant scattering experiments have been performed with 10Be and 12C secondary beams on a CH2 thick target and the well known 12C+p resonance was identified. A gamma-particle experiment using a new system of LYSO scintillators to detect gammas was done.
Effect of In and Cd co-doping on the thermoelectric properties of Sn1−xPbxTe
Authors: Roychowdhury Subhajit , Biswas Kanishka 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Pristine tin telluride (SnTe) with a similar electronic structure to PbTe shows inferior thermoelectric performance owing to high p-type hole concentration (1021 cm−3), high lattice thermal conductivity, κlatt (∼2.8 W mK−1 at room temperature) and large energy gap between light and heavy hole valence bands. Interestingly, 30 mol% substitution of lead in SnTe decreases the excess hole carrier concentration and lattice thermal conductivity (∼0.67 W m−1K−1 at 300 K) significantly. Here, we report the promising thermoelectric performance in Sn0.70Pb0.30Te by enhancing the Seebeck coefficient via the co-adjuvant effect of resonant level formation and valence band convergence. We obtain a Seebeck coefficient value of ∼141 μV K−1 at 300 K, which further increases to ∼260 μV K−1 at 708 K for Sn0.70Pb0.30Te—3% Cd and 0.50% In sample. This is one of the highest S values for SnTe based system, to the best of our knowledge. In and Cd have discrete but complementary roles to augment the Seebeck coefficient value of Sn0.70Pb0.30Te where In acts as a resonant dopant and Cd serves as valence band convergent, respectively, as demonstrated by the well-known Pisarenko plot of SnTe. Finally, we have achieved a maximum thermoelectric figure of merit, zT, of ∼0.82 at 654 K for Sn0.70Pb0.30Te—3% Cd and 0.25% In sample.
Alcohol Use Disorder Is Differently Associated With Psychotic Symptoms According To Underlying Psychiatric Disorders: A General Population Study
Authors: Pignon Baptiste , Sescousse Guillaume , Amad Ali , Benradia Imane , Vaiva Guillaume , Thomas Pierre , Geoffroy Pierre A , Roelandt Jean-Luc , Rolland Benjamin 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Aims
Psychotic symptoms can occur in the general population, and alcohol use disorder (AUD) is an identified vulnerability factor. However, it remains unclear how AUD is associated with psychotic symptoms, depending on the underlying psychiatric condition.
We aimed to compare the prevalence of psychotic symptoms among subjects with different types of psychiatric disorders, i.e. unipolar or bipolar disorders, anxiety disorders, psychotic disorders or no psychiatric disorder, depending on whether or not there was an underlying AUD.

Methods
In a 38,694-subject general population study, we compared the likelihood of occurrence of seven types of psychotic symptoms, depending on the AUD status and the underlying psychiatric disorders, after adjustment for age, sex, marital status, education and income levels.

Results
In unipolar depression and anxiety disorders, almost all types of psychotic symptoms were found associated with AUD (odds ratios (ORs) between 1.98 and 2.19). In contrast, in bipolar disorder, only auditory hallucinations were associated with AUD (OR = 2.50). In psychotic disorders, only thought broadcasting was more frequent among subjects with AUD (OR = 1.78).

Conclusion
Our findings in depression and anxiety disorders are in line with the ‘dual diagnosis’ concept, which posits that comorbid psychiatric/addictive disorders form distinctive entities that are more frequently associated with non-specific severity factors, here psychotic symptoms. The co-occurrence of AUD in bipolar/psychotic disorders was not associated with a generalized increased occurrence of psychotic symptoms but altered their manifestations with an increased risk of auditory hallucinations for bipolar disorder and thought broadcasting for psychotic disorders.
Convolutional neural network-based annotation of bacterial type IV secretion system effectors with enhanced accuracy and reduced false discovery
Authors: Hong Jiajun , Luo Yongchao , Mou Minjie , Fu Jianbo , Zhang Yang , Xue Weiwei , Xie Tian , Tao Lin , Lou Yan , Zhu Feng 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe type IV bacterial secretion system (SS) is reported to be one of the most ubiquitous SSs in nature and can induce serious conditions by secreting type IV SS effectors (T4SEs) into the host cells. Recent studies mainly focus on annotating new T4SE from the huge amount of sequencing data, and various computational tools are therefore developed to accelerate T4SE annotation. However, these tools are reported as heavily dependent on the selected methods and their annotation performance need to be further enhanced. Herein, a convolution neural network (CNN) technique was used to annotate T4SEs by integrating multiple protein encoding strategies. First, the annotation accuracies of nine encoding strategies integrated with CNN were assessed and compared with that of the popular T4SE annotation tools based on independent benchmark. Second, false discovery rates of various models were systematically evaluated by (1) scanning the genome of Legionella pneumophila subsp. ATCC 33152 and (2) predicting the real-world non-T4SEs validated using published experiments. Based on the above analyses, the encoding strategies, (a) position-specific scoring matrix (PSSM), (b) protein secondary structure & solvent accessibility (PSSSA) and (c) one-hot encoding scheme (Onehot), were identified as well-performing when integrated with CNN. Finally, a novel strategy that collectively considers the three well-performing models (CNN-PSSM, CNN-PSSSA and CNN-Onehot) was proposed, and a new tool (CNN-T4SE, https://idrblab.org/cnnt4se/) was constructed to facilitate T4SE annotation. All in all, this study conducted a comprehensive analysis on the performance of a collection of encoding strategies when integrated with CNN, which could facilitate the suppression of T4SS in infection and limit the spread of antimicrobial resistance.
Prestimulus Activity in the Cingulo-Opercular Network Predicts Memory for Naturalistic Episodic Experience
Authors: Cohen Noga , Ben-Yakov Aya , Weber Jochen , Edelson Micah G , Paz Rony , Dudai Yadin 
Published: August 2019

AbstractHuman memory is strongly influenced by brain states occurring before an event, yet we know little about the underlying mechanisms. We found that activity in the cingulo-opercular network (including bilateral anterior insula [aI] and anterior prefrontal cortex [aPFC]) seconds before an event begins can predict whether this event will subsequently be remembered. We then tested how activity in the cingulo-opercular network shapes memory performance. Our findings indicate that prestimulus cingulo-opercular activity affects memory performance by opposingly modulating subsequent activity in two sets of regions previously linked to encoding and retrieval of episodic information. Specifically, higher prestimulus cingulo-opercular activity was associated with a subsequent increase in activity in temporal regions previously linked to encoding and with a subsequent reduction in activity within a set of regions thought to play a role in retrieval and self-referential processing. Together, these findings suggest that prestimulus attentional states modulate memory for real-life events by enhancing encoding and possibly by dampening interference from competing memory substrates.
Posterior Alpha and Gamma Oscillations Index Divergent and Superadditive Effects of Cognitive Interference
Authors: Wiesman Alex I , Wilson Tony W 
Published: August 2019

AbstractConflicts at various stages of cognition can cause interference effects on behavior. Two well-studied forms of cognitive interference are stimulus–stimulus (e.g., Flanker), where the conflict arises from incongruence between the task-relevant stimulus and simultaneously presented irrelevant stimulus information, and stimulus-response (e.g., Simon), where interference is the result of an incompatibility between the spatial location of the task-relevant stimulus and a prepotent motor mapping of the expected response. Despite substantial interest in the neural and behavioral underpinnings of cognitive interference, it remains uncertain how differing sources of cognitive conflict might interact, and the spectrally specific neural dynamics that index this phenomenon are poorly understood. Herein, we used an adapted version of the multisource interference task and magnetoencephalography to investigate the spectral, temporal, and spatial dynamics of conflict processing in healthy adults (N = 23). We found a double-dissociation such that, in isolation, stimulus–stimulus interference was indexed by alpha (8–14 Hz), but not gamma-frequency (64–76 Hz) oscillations in the lateral occipital regions, while stimulus–response interference was indexed by gamma oscillations in nearby cortices, but not by alpha oscillations. Surprisingly, we also observed a superadditive effect of simultaneously presented interference types (multisource) on task performance and gamma oscillations in superior parietal cortex.
Comparison of Caregiver Engagement in Telepractice and In-person Family-Centered Early Intervention
Authors: McCarthy Melissa , Leigh Greg , Arthur-Kelly Michael 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Telepractice—specifically, the use of high-speed internet and interactive videoconferencing technology to deliver real-time audio and video communications between the family and the practitioner—is gaining acceptance as an alternative means of providing family-centered early intervention to families of children who are deaf and hard of hearing. This study examined whether caregivers’ reported perceptions of self-efficacy and involvement differed when early intervention was delivered in-person and through telepractice. The Scale of Parental Involvement and Self-Efficacy (SPISE) was used to evaluate perceptions of two groups of caregivers: one that received early intervention in-person (n = 100) and a group who received services through telepractice (n = 41). Results indicated that mode of delivery of services was not related to caregivers’ perceptions of their self-efficacy or involvement. Further analysis revealed that although certain caregiver or child characteristics did influence some aspects of caregivers’ beliefs about their self-efficacy or involvement, the effect of those variables was similar across both modes of delivery.
Estrogen receptor 1 expression and methylation of Esr1 promoter in mouse fetal prostate mesenchymal cells induced by gestational exposure to bisphenol A or ethinylestradiol
Authors: Bhandari Ramji K , Taylor Julia A , Sommerfeld-Sager Jennifer , Tillitt Donald E , Ricke William A , vom Saal Frederick S 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Fetal/neonatal environmental estrogen exposures alter developmental programing of the prostate gland causing onset of diseases later in life. We have previously shown in vitro that exposures to 17β-estradiol (E2) and the endocrine disrupting chemical bisphenol A, at concentrations relevant to human exposure, cause an elevation of estrogen receptor α (Esr1) mRNA in primary cultures of fetal mouse prostate mesenchymal cells; a similar result was observed in the fetal rat urogenital sinus. Effects of these chemicals on prostate mesenchyme in vivo are not well understood. Here we show effects in mice of fetal exposure to the estrogenic drug in mixed oral contraceptives, 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2), at a concentration of EE2 encountered by human embryos/fetuses whose mothers become pregnant while on EE2-containing oral contraceptives, or bisphenol A at a concentration relevant to exposures observed in human fetuses in vivo. Expression of Esr1 was elevated by bisphenol A or EE2 exposures, which decreased the global expression of DNA methyltransferase 3A (Dnmt3a), while methylation of Esr1 promoter was significantly increased. These results show that exposures to the environmental estrogen bisphenol A and drug EE2 cause transcriptional and epigenetic alterations to expression of estrogen receptors in developing prostate mesenchyme in vivo.
Native T1 time of right ventricular insertion points by cardiac magnetic resonance: relation with invasive haemodynamics and outcome in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
Authors: Nitsche Christian , Kammerlander Andreas A , Binder Christina , Duca Franz , Aschauer Stefan , Koschutnik Matthias , Snidat Amir , Beitzke Dietrich , Loewe Christian , Bonderman Diana , Hengstenberg Christian , Mascherbauer Julia 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Aims
Increased afterload to the right ventricle (RV) has been shown to induce myocardial fibrosis at the RV insertion points (RVIPs). Such changes can be discrete but potentially detected by cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) T1-mapping. Whether RVIP fibrosis is associated with prognosis in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is unknown.

Methods and results
We prospectively investigated 167 consecutive HFpEF patients, a population frequently suffering from post-capillary pulmonary hypertension, who underwent CMR including T1-mapping. About 92.8% also underwent right heart catheterization for haemodynamic assessment.
Native T1 times were 995 ± 73 ms at the anterior and 1040 ± 90 ms at the inferior RVIP. By Spearman’s rank order testing, RVIP T1 times were significantly correlated with pulmonary artery pressure (mean PAP, r = 0.313 and 0.311 for anterior and inferior RVIP), pulmonary artery wedge pressure (r = 0.301 and 0.251) and right atrial pressure (r = 0.245 and 0.185; P for all &lt;0.05). During a mean follow-up of 43.2 ± 22.6 months, 30 (18.0%) subjects died. By multivariable Cox regression, NTproBNP [Hazard ratio (HR) 2.105, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.332–3.328; P = 0.001], systolic PAP (HR 1.618, 95% CI 1.175–2.230; P = 0.003), and native T1 time of the anterior RVIP (HR 1.659, 95% CI 1.125–2.445; P = 0.011) were significantly associated with outcome. Also, by Kaplan–Meier analysis, T1 times at the anterior RVIPs had a significant effect on survival (log-rank, P = 0.002).

Conclusion
Interstitial expansion of the anterior RVIP as detected by CMR T1-mapping reflects haemodynamic alterations, and is independently related with prognosis in HFpEF.
A high-quality genome assembly for the endangered golden snub-nosed monkey (Rhinopithecus roxellana)
Authors: Wang Lu , Wu Jinwei , Liu Xiaomei , Di Dandan , Liang Yuhong , Feng Yifei , Zhang Suyun , Li Baoguo , Qi Xiao-Guang 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Background
The golden snub-nosed monkey (Rhinopithecus roxellana) is an endangered colobine species endemic to China, which has several distinct traits including a unique social structure. Although a genome assembly for R. roxellana is available, it is incomplete and fragmented because it was constructed using short-read sequencing technology. Thus, important information such as genome structural variation and repeat sequences may be absent.

Findings
To obtain a high-quality chromosomal assembly for R. roxellana qinlingensis, we used 5 methods: Pacific Bioscience single-molecule real-time sequencing, Illumina paired-end sequencing, BioNano optical maps, 10X Genomics link-reads, and high-throughput chromosome conformation capture. The assembled genome was ~3.04 Gb, with a contig N50 of 5.72 Mb and a scaffold N50 of 144.56 Mb. This represented a 100-fold improvement over the previously published genome. In the new genome, 22,497 protein-coding genes were predicted, of which 22,053 were functionally annotated. Gene family analysis showed that 993 and 2,745 gene families were expanded and contracted, respectively. The reconstructed phylogeny recovered a close relationship between R. rollexana and Macaca mulatta, and these 2 species diverged ~13.4 million years ago.

Conclusion
We constructed a high-quality genome assembly of the Qinling golden snub-nosed monkey; it had superior continuity and accuracy, which might be useful for future genetic studies in this species and as a new standard reference genome for colobine primates. In addition, the updated genome assembly might improve our understanding of this species and could assist conservation efforts.
A chromosome-level draft genome of the grain aphid Sitobion miscanthi
Authors: Jiang Xin , Zhang Qian , Qin Yaoguo , Yin Hang , Zhang Siyu , Li Qian , Zhang Yong , Fan Jia , Chen Julian 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Background
Sitobion miscanthi is an ideal model for studying host plant specificity, parthenogenesis-based phenotypic plasticity, and interactions between insects and other species of various trophic levels, such as viruses, bacteria, plants, and natural enemies. However, the genome information for this species has not yet to be sequenced and published. Here, we analyzed the entire genome of a parthenogenetic female aphid colony using Pacific Biosciences long-read sequencing and Hi-C data to generate chromosome-length scaffolds and a highly contiguous genome assembly.

Results
The final draft genome assembly from 33.88 Gb of raw data was ~397.90 Mb in size, with a 2.05 Mb contig N50. Nine chromosomes were further assembled based on Hi-C data to a 377.19 Mb final size with a 36.26 Mb scaffold N50. The identified repeat sequences accounted for 26.41% of the genome, and 16,006 protein-coding genes were annotated. According to the phylogenetic analysis, S. miscanthi is closely related to Acyrthosiphon pisum, with S. miscanthi diverging from their common ancestor ~25.0–44.9 million years ago.

Conclusions
We generated a high-quality draft of the S. miscanthi genome. This genome assembly should help promote research on the lifestyle and feeding specificity of aphids and their interactions with each other and species at other trophic levels. It can serve as a resource for accelerating genome-assisted improvements in insecticide-resistant management and environmentally safe aphid management.
Validity of polygenic risk scores: are we measuring what we think we are?
Authors: Janssens A Cecile J W 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Polygenic risk scores (PRSs) have become the standard for quantifying genetic liability in the prediction of disease risks. PRSs are generally constructed as weighted sum scores of risk alleles using effect sizes from genome-wide association studies as their weights. The construction of PRSs is being improved with more appropriate selection of independent single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and optimized estimation of their weights but is rarely reflected upon from a theoretical perspective, focusing on the validity of the risk score. Borrowing from psychometrics, this paper discusses the validity of PRSs and introduces the three main types of validity that are considered in the evaluation of tests and measurements: construct, content, and criterion validity. This introduction is followed by a discussion of three topics that challenge the validity of PRS, namely, their claimed independence of clinical risk factors, the consequences of relaxing SNP inclusion thresholds and the selection of SNP weights. This discussion of the validity of PRS reminds us that we need to keep questioning if weighted sums of risk alleles are measuring what we think they are in the various scenarios in which PRSs are used and that we need to keep exploring alternative modeling strategies that might better reflect the underlying biological pathways.
Estimating matching affinity matrices under low-rank constraints
Authors: Dupuy Arnaud , Galichon Alfred , Sun Yifei 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIn this paper, we address the problem of estimating transport surplus (a.k.a. matching affinity) in high-dimensional optimal transport problems. Classical optimal transport theory specifies the matching affinity and determines the optimal joint distribution. In contrast, we study the inverse problem of estimating matching affinity based on the observation of the joint distribution, using an entropic regularization of the problem. To accommodate high dimensionality of the data, we propose a novel method that incorporates a nuclear norm regularization that effectively enforces a rank constraint on the affinity matrix. The low-rank matrix estimated in this way reveals the main factors that are relevant for matching.
A Risk Classification Model to Predict Mortality Among Laboratory-Confirmed Avian Influenza A H7N9 Patients: A Population-Based Observational Cohort Study
Authors: Martinez Leonardo , Cheng Wei , Wang Xiaoxiao , Ling Feng , Mu Lan , Li Changwei , Huo Xiang , Ebell Mark H , Huang Haodi , Zhu Limei , Li Chao , Chen Enfu , Handel Andreas , Shen Ye 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Background
Avian influenza A H7N9 (A/H7N9) is characterized by rapid progressive pneumonia and respiratory failure. Mortality among laboratory-confirmed cases is above 30%; however, the clinical course of disease is variable and patients at high risk for death are not well characterized.

Methods
We obtained demographic, clinical, and laboratory information on all A/H7N9 patients in Zhejiang province from China Centers for Disease Control and Prevention electronic databases. Risk factors for death were identified using logistic regression and a risk score was created using regression coefficients from multivariable models. We externally validated this score in an independent cohort from Jiangsu province.

Results
Among 305 A/H7N9 patients, 115 (37.7%) died. Four independent predictors of death were identified: older age, diabetes, bilateral lung infection, and neutrophil percentage. We constructed a score with 0–13 points. Mortality rates in low- (0–3), medium- (4–6), and high-risk (7–13) groups were 4.6%, 32.1%, and 62.7% (Ptrend < .0001). In a validation cohort of 111 A/H7N9 patients, 61 (55%) died. Mortality rates in low-, medium-, and high-risk groups were 35.5%, 55.8, and 67.4% (Ptrend = .0063).

Conclusions
We developed and validated a simple-to-use, predictive risk score for clinical use, identifying patients at high mortality risk.