bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Natural Compounds Promoting Weight Loss: Mechanistic Insights from the Point of View of the Medicinal Chemist
Authors: Ribaudo Giovanni , Ongaro Alberto , Zagotto Giuseppe 
Published: August 2018

Background:The adipose tissue acts as a buffer storing and releasing energy according to the needs of the body. In a non-physiological context, the development of obesity is related to an unbalance in the homeostasis between calories intake and energy consumption.Objectives:This review focuses on the natural compounds and the herbal extracts used in dietary supplements that are claimed to suppress appetite and promote weight loss. Such compounds or mixture of compounds act through different molecular mechanisms that will be discussed from the point of view of the Medicinal Chemist. The reader will be also briefly updated on the recurring adulteration cases that affect the market of dietary supplements.Methods:The bibliographic research was performed using online scientific databases (PubMed, Reaxys, Scopus) exploiting different keywords and logical operators to lay the bases for an accurate, quality criteria-based literature update.Results:Over 70 papers were selected for the preparation of this review, preferring the reports that are supported by pre-clinical and clinical data.Conclusion:Activity on adrenergic receptors, modulation of adenosine receptors, interference with glucose and lipid metabolism, regulation of adipocyte cell cycle and inhibition of phosphodiesterases are the main molecular mechanisms by which different natural compounds act in promoting weight loss.
Two Variants of Secure Routing Algorithms in Mobile Ad Hoc Network
Authors: Mitra Sulata , Dhar Priyodarshini 
Published: August 2018

Background and Objective:
Two different variants of secure routing algorithms are proposed
in the present work. In both the variants a stable route is established between source and destination.

Methods:
The selected route is associated with the nodes having sufficient energy to establish the route
and to transmit the data packets, minimum velocity to reduce the frequency of link failure, maximum
distance from the source node to reduce the number of hops in the selected route, minimum number of
neighbors to reduce the routing overhead. Each variant has two phases. In the first phase it is assumed
that the selected route has no attackers. The first phase is made more realistic in the second phase by
considering the presence of attacker in the selected route. In the first variant a node associated with the
selected route overhears the transmission of the next forwarder node to detect an attacker node in the
routing path. But a node may fail to overhear its next hop in presence of hidden node, due to limited
overhear range etc. Such problem is eliminated in the second variant. In the second variant each node
associated with the selected route searches its data packet buffer for the reception of the next data
packet from its predecessor node associated with the same route and suspects the predecessor node as
an attacker in case the next data packet is not found in the buffer. The performance of both the variants
is compared on the basis of packet delivery ratio, throughput and average end-to-end delay.

Results:
The throughput and packet delivery ratio are higher in the second variant than the first variant
whereas the average end-to-end delay is less in the second variant than the first variant.

Conclusion:
Moreover both the variants outperform the existing schemes in terms of packet delivery
ratio, throughput and average end-to-end delay.
Optimization of the Ratio of Sampling Rate to Quantization Level for the Reconstruction of Audio Signal
Authors: Raza Md. Salim , Hasan Nahid , Ahamed Sayed Tonmoy , Mostafa Kazi Ghulam , Alam Mohammad Rabiul 
Published: August 2018

Background and Objective:
In this research work, the basic digital communication system
with frequency shift keying modulation technique has been implemented in MATLAB.

Methods:
The same sinusoidal signal in audio frequency range has been transmitted and reconstructed
with the different number of quantization level and sampling rate, where sampling frequency has been
taken according to the Nyquist theorem. It has been seen that reconstructed signal at low data rate has
appeared with better resolution compared with the reconstructed signal at the high data rate.

Results and Conclusion:
In this regard, it is evident that the resolution of a reconstructed signal not
only depends on data rate but it also depends on the ratio of sampling rate to quantization level. So it
is required to optimize the ratio of sampling rate to quantization level before transmitting audio signal.
Multiple Quantum Barrier Nano-avalanche Photodiodes - Part II: Excess Noise Characteristics
Authors: Ghosh Somrita , Acharyya Aritra 
Published: August 2018

Background:
Excess noise characteristics of Multiple Quantum Barrier (MQB) nanoscale
avalanche photodiodes (APDs) based on Si~3C-SiC heterostructures have been studied in
this part of the paper. The multiplication gain and Excess Noise Factor (ENF) of the MQB APDs
have been calculated by varying the number of Quantum Barriers (QBs).

Methods:
The numerically calculated ENF values of MQB APDs have been compared with the
ENF of Si flat conventional APDs of similar dimensions and it is observed that the use of QBs leads
to significant reduction in ENF of the APDs under similar biasing and illumination conditions.
Results: The enhanced ratio of hole to electron ionization rates in MQB structures as compared to
the bulk Si APD structure has been found to be the primary cause of improvement in the noise performance
of the MQB nano-APDs.

Conclusion:
Finally, the numerically calculated ENF of Si flat APD has been compared with the experimentally
measured ENF of a commercially available Si APD and those are found to be in good agreement;
this comparison validates the simulation methodology adopted by the authors in this paper.
An Analytical Modeling and Performance Analysis of Graded Work Function Gate Recessed Channel SOI-MOSFET
Authors: Mishra Sikha , Bhanja Urmila , Mishra Guru Prasad 
Published: August 2018

Introduction:
A new analytical model is designed for Workfunction Modulated Rectangular
Recessed Channel-Silicon On Insulator (WMRRC-SOI) MOSFET that considers the concept of groove
gate and implements an idea of workfunction engineering.

Methods:
The impact of Negative Junction Depth (NJD) and oxide thickness (tox) are analyzed on device
performances such as Sub-threshold Slope (SS), Drain Induced Barrier Lowering (DIBL) and
threshold voltage.

Results:
The results of the proposed work are evaluated with the Rectangular Recessed Channel-Silicon
On Insulator (RRC-SOI) MOSFET keeping the metal workfunction constant throughout the gate region.
Furthermore, an analytical model is developed using 2D Poisson’s equation and threshold voltage
is estimated in terms of minimum surface potential.

Conclusion:
In this work, the impact of Negative Junction Depth (NJD) on minimum surface potential
and the drain current are also evaluated. It is observed from the analysis that the analog switching performance
of WMRRC-SOI MOSFET surpasses RRC-SOI MOSFET in terms of better driving capability,
high Ion/Ioff ratio, minimized Short Channel Effects (SCEs) and hot carrier immunity. Results are
simulated using 2D Sentaurus TCAD simulator for validation of the proposed structure.
Modeling and Statistical Optimization of Culture Conditions for Improvement of Antifungal Compounds Production by Streptomyces albidoflavus S19 Strain of Wastewater Origin
Authors: Souagui S. , Djoudi W. , Boudries H. , Béchet M. , Leclére V. , Kecha M. 
Published: August 2018

Background:
The actinomycetes strains isolated from unexplored ecosystems are a promising
alternative for the biosynthesis of novel antimicrobial compounds. Depending on the interesting antifungal
activity of the studied strain S19, the statistical method seems to be an effective tool for optimizing
the production of anticandidal molecules.

Introduction:
This study was conducted in order to optimize the culture parameters (medium nutrients
concentrations and initial pH value) affecting the production of antifungal metabolites from S.
albidoflavus strain S19 (obtained from wastewater collected in Bejaia region, Algeria) using Response
Surface Methodology (RSM). The best conditions for anti-Candida albicans compounds biosynthesis
were determined.

Methods and Results:
The antimicrobial producer strain S. albidoflavus S19 was identified on the basis
of morphological, chemicals characters and physiological characteristics along with 16S rRNA gene sequencing
analysis.

Response Surface Methodology by Central Composite Design (CCD) was employed to improve the anti-
C. albicans agents production through the optimization of medium parameters. The highest antifungal
activity was obtained by using a mixture of 2g l-1 starch, 4g l-1 yeast extract, 2g l-1 peptone at pH 11.

Conclusion:
The strain S19 isolated from wastewater showed a significant anti-C. albicans activity and
this study revealed the effectiveness of RSM and CCD for increasing bioactive compounds production,
rising the diameter of inhibition zones from 13 to 34 mm.
The effect of half-sib lines on morphological attributes of one-year old Fraxinus angustifolia seedlings
Authors: Kerkez Ivona , Nonić Marina , Devetaković Jovana , Šijačić-Nikolić Mirjana , Ivetić Vladan 
Published: August 2018

Aiming to produce forest reproductive material at the family level, we tested quality of twenty Fraxinus angustifolia Vahl half-sib lines in the nursery experiment. We measured height (HT) and root collar diameter (DIA) of one-year old seedlings, and we monitored germination rate and mortality during the first growing season. Seeds of 20 half-sib lines originating from Sombor area (north Serbia) were sown in seedbed on autumn 2016. The seed dormancy was not broken in all seeds equally, resulting with un-uniform germination over a two months period. All measured attributes shows a statistically significant differences, indicating a strong effect of genetic control. The highest average and DIA were measured in half-sib line 7 (22.62 cm; 5.79 mm, respectively). The lowest average DIA was measured in half-sib lines 18 (2.85 mm) and 19 (2.94 mm), which can be result of growing density effect (104 seedlings m-2 for line 18 and 126 seedlings m-2 for line 19, compared to 40 seedlings m-2 for line 7). The correlation between DIA and HT is strong and positive (R=0.90). Due to its morphological superiority, half-sib line 7 could be recommended for mass production of Fraxinus angustifolia seedlings at the family level.
Keywords: Height; Root Collar Diameter; Seedlings Quality; Narrow leaved ash
Fertilizer trials for bareroot nurseries in North America
Authors: South David B. 
Published: August 2018

In North America, most tree nursery nutrition publications during the past two decades involved either container-grown stock or stock grown in greenhouses. In contrast, most bareroot nursery fertility trials in North America were published during the last century. As a result, some bareroot fertilization recommendations have remained the same since 1980 and some practices continue to be based on myths and assumptions. The bareroot nursery industry in the USA might benefit if the next generation of graduate students will consider testing old and new theories about nursery fertilization. Hopefully, they will discover new facts so that future fertilization regimes will be based on science. This paper provides various fertilizer trials that should be established in bareroot nurseries.
A MEDIAÇÃO EM UM CAMPO DE ANÁLISE INTERDISCIPLINAR: O APORTE DA TEORIA DO MULTIJURIDISMO DE ÉTIENNE LE ROY
Authors: Villas Bôas Filho Orlando 
Published: August 2018

Este artigo pretende analisar os aportes da teoria do multijuridismo de Étienne Le Roy para a compreensão da mediação. Assim, considerando que esse autor associa a mediação ao que ele designa de “juridicidade”, será realizada, em primeiro lugar, uma breve alusão à distinção entre “direito” e “juridicidade” por ele proposta. Em seguida, será focalizado o delineamento conceitual dado à mediação por Étienne Le Roy, com especial ênfase na progressiva aquisição de centralidade que esta recebe em seu pensamento. A partir daí, tendo por horizonte a noção de juridicidade, será enfocada a tese do autor acerca da mediação como um “conceito-pivô e dialogal da regulação global das sociedades”. Finalmente, em termos conclusivos, procurar-se-á sublinhar o quanto uma consideração mais apurada dos aportes antropológicos pode contribuir para a compreensão da complexidade assumida pela regulação jurídica contemporânea e, em particular, da mediação.
AS INSTITUIÇÕES DO FEDERALISMO: COM RESPEITO A UM QUADRO ANALÍTICO
Authors: Wildasin David E. 
Published: August 2018

As federações amadurecidas apresentam relativa transparência quanto a delimitações de autoridade entre os níveis de governo, os governos subnacionais gozam de uma autonomia considerável em suas políticas de despesas, receitas e dívidas. Em outros países, os problemas de restrições orçamentárias suaves, resgates e instabilidade fiscal e financeira demonstram as dificuldades do desenho institucional de uma federação. Este artigo descreve um quadro analítico no qual os efeitos inter jurisdicionais ou jurisdicionais podem criar incentivos para governos de nível superior para intervir no controle e financiamento de governos de nível inferior ("resgates"). Essa estrutura ajuda a identificar orientações para pesquisas teóricas e empíricas que possam iluminar características importantes das instituições observadas e orientar a análise de políticas.
Correlation between Left Ventricular Eccentricity Index and Mean Pulmonary Arterial Pressure in Secundum Type Atrial Septal Defect Adult Patients
Authors: Fitria Citra Dewi Wahyu , Nashar Azhafid , Anggrahini Dyah Wulan , Hartopo Anggoro Budi , Mumpuni Hasanah , Dinarti Lucia Kris 
Published: August 2018

Background: Secundum type atrial septal defect (ASD) is the most common adult congenital heart disease. Hemodynamically, ASD result in a left-to-right shunt that causes right heart volume overload. This condition affects interventricular septal position and shape. Left ventricular (LV) eccentricity index (EI) suggests right ventricle (RV) overload when this ratio is >1.0. The aim of this study was to assess correlation between LV EI and mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP) in secundum type ASD patients. Methods: We conducted a cross sectional study from ASD patients registry data. We enrolled subjects with secundum type ASD from the complete registry data. The LV EI was calculated from transthoracal echocardiography. The mPAP was measured by right heart catheterization as a gold standart. The correlation was performed by Spearman correlation test. Results: There were 40 adult secundum type ASD patients participated. The mean LV EI in enddiastolic was 1.55±0.39 and LV EI in end-systolic was 1.75±0.58. The median value of mPAP was 29 (12-99) mmHg. There was a moderate strength, positive and significant correlation between LV EI in end-diastolic and mPAP (r=0.37, p=0.018). The correlation was more significant and stronger between LV EI in end-systolic and mPAP (r=0.52, p=0.001). Conclusion: There was sufficiently strong and significant correlation between LV EI in both end-diastolic and end-systolic phase with mPAP in adult secundum type ASD.
Pengaruh Dosis Urea terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Kedelai (<em>Glycine max</em> L. Merr.) Kultivar Anjasmoro
Authors: Prakoso Dhimas Ikhsan , Indradewa Didik , Sulistyaningsih Endang 
Published: August 2018

Kedelai diketahui memiliki kemampuan untuk mengikat N dari udara, namun pada budidayanya di lapangan, pemupukan N masih dilakukan untuk mendukung pertumbuhan awal tanaman. Kultivar Anjasmoro banyak ditanam petani karena memiliki morfologi biji yang besar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh perbedaan dosis urea pada tanaman kedelai kultivar Anjasmoro serta menentukan takaran optimum untuk pertumbuhan dan hasil. Penelitian lapangan dilakukan dengan rancangan acak kelompok lengkap dengan perlakuan takaran pupuk urea yang terdiri dari 5 aras : 0 kg/ha, 50 kg/ha, 100 kg/ha, 150 kg/ha, dan 200 kg/ha. Tata letak acak kelompok dengan empat blok sebagai ulangan. Data yang diperolah dianalisis menggunakan sidik ragam, bila ada beda nyata dilanjutkan dengan uji jarak ganda Duncan dengan taraf kesalahan 5 %. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemupukan Urea menurunkan kadar N daun. Tidak terdapat perbedaan takaran namun memberikan laju asimilasi bersih dengan takaran optimal 205 kg/ha. Pemupukan Urea tidak berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil kedelai kultivar Anjasmoro.
Eating difficulties in early childhood and its relation to parental feeding practices / Dificultades de alimentación en la primera infancia y su relación con las prácticas parentales de alimentación
Authors: Castaño Tobón Laura Andrea , Molano Vargas Mariana , Varela Arévalo María Teresa 
Published: August 2018

Abstract The objectives of this study were to describe the feeding practices of parents who have children in early childhood, as well as to compare those parents of children with and without feeding difficulties (FD). Participants were 93 fathers/mothers between 20 and 44 years old, 33 of them had children with FD. The fathers/mothers completed the feeding section of the Parenting Practices Questionnaire to promote Early Childhood Health Habits (PCHS, for its acronym in Spanish), which assess responsive, non-responsive, indulgent and negligent practices; in addition, they answered eight questions aimed at investigating the context of child feeding. Most of parents reported using responsive practices (monitoring, setting limits and modeling); however, parents of children with FD also highlighted the use of non-responsive practices (e.g., pressure or nagging their children to eat), indulgences (e.g., feeding the child in the place the child chooses) and negligent (e.g. leave the child alone at the time of eating). The results base that interaction in feeding situations is as important as the quality and quantity of food consumed by the child, making it possible to visualize the problem of FD in early childhood.Resumen Los objetivos de este estudio fueron describir las prácticas de alimentación de padres que tienen hijos en la primera infancia, así como comparar entre aquellos padres de hijos con y sin dificultades de alimentación (DDA). Participaron 93 padres/madres de entre 20 y 44 años de edad, 33 de los cuales tenían hijos con DDA. Los padres/madres completaron el apartado de alimentación del Cuestionario de Prácticas de Crianza para promover Hábitos de Salud en la primera infancia (PCHS), que evalúa las prácticas responsivas, no responsivas, indulgentes y negligentes; además de ocho preguntas dirigidas a indagar el contexto de alimentación del niño. La mayoría de los padres reportó utilizar prácticas responsivas (monitoreo, establecimiento de límites y modelamiento); sin embargo, en los padres de niños con DDA además destacó el empleo de prácticas no responsivas (e.g., presionar o regañar al niño para que coma), indulgentes (e.g., darle la comida en el lugar que el niño elija) y negligentes (e.g. dejar solo al niño al momento de comer). Los resultados fundamentan que la interacción en las situaciones de alimentación es tan importante como la calidad y cantidad de alimentos que el niño consume, permitiendo visibilizar la problemática de las DDA en la primera infancia.
GESTÃO DO CONHECIMENTO NO CONTEXTO DE UM ESCRITÓRIO DE PROJETOS: APLICAÇÃO DE LIÇÕES APRENDIDAS EM UMA UNIDADE DE ENSINO
Authors: Galante Elisa Anita Brito Lima dos Santos , Rodriguez Martius Rodriguez y , Lima Gilson Brito Alves 
Published: August 2018

Diante dos grandes desafios mercadológicos, as empresas têm se voltado para o conhecimento e sua gestão como meios de garantir a sua sustentabilidade. A necessidade de mudar e se desenvolver suscitou a gestão de projetos como prática de maior produtividade e eficiência, colaborando para o aumento da lucratividade da organização. O objetivo do presente estudo é analisar as ferramentas da gestão do conhecimento efetivamente aplicáveis ao gerenciamento de projetos feito através do escritório de projetos de uma empresa pública e, a partir dela propor a aplicação em um escritório de projetos de uma unidade de ensino que baseie suas premissas na Gestão do Conhecimento. Como opção metodológica, desenvolveu-se uma pesquisa preponderantemente bibliográfica, suportada pela aplicação de entrevistas baseadas em parâmetros do PMBok. A estratégia utilizada objetivou mensurar a aplicação das ferramentas de gestão do conhecimento utilizadas no gerenciamento de projetos que o escritório de projetos da empresa estudada realiza, para assim validar a proposição de criar o escritório na unidade de ensino da universidade. Como resultado verificou-se que a escolha das ferramentas de suporte é ainda outro desafio a ser superado pelas organizações na busca por maior desempenho em seus projetos.
POLÍTICA PÚBLICA PARA PRODUÇÃO DE BIODIESEL A PARTIR DA COLETA SELETIVA DO ÓLEO RESIDUAL DE FRITURA: ESTUDO DE CASO DO PROGRAMA DE REAPROVEITAMENTO DO ÓLEO COMESTÍVEL DO ESTADO DO RIO DE JANEIRO
Authors: Benassuly Mª Santos 
Published: August 2018

Este artigo traz uma análise crítica do Programa de Aproveitamento do Óleo de Comestível do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (PROVE), através do método de Estudo de Caso. O objetivo é apontar, os aspectos positivos, as possíveis dificuldades e desafios do programa com relação ao planejamento elaborado na fase de formulação da política e o que foi colocado em prática por aqueles que a implementaram. O trabalho estabelece comparação entre o projeto piloto elaborado e divulgado em março de 2007 e o programa que está sendo operacionalizado atualmente, resultando em um parecer analítico da situação presente dos objetivos destacados em sua formulação: os focos social, energético e ambiental. Com este, conclui-se que o programa perde o foco energético e não se torna pioneiro na produção de biodiesel a partir do óleo residual de fritura, mas consegue manter, de maneira modesta, os focos ambiental e social. O artigo reforça a possibilidade e necessidade de utilizar o óleo residual de fritura como matéria-prima na produção do biodiesel por ser uma fonte de energia barata e abundante, ainda desperdiçada, que provoca vasto prejuízo ambiental.
O roteirista como escritor, o roteiro cinematográfico como literatura
Authors: Castanho Caú Maria 
Published: August 2018

O mercado editorial da contemporaneidade parece cada vez mais tentar alavancar vendas apoiando-se na (ainda sólida) popularidade do cinema, essa arte cuja essência, segundo Bazin (1991), funda-se justamente sobre seu caráter radicalmente popular. O apelo comercial da sétima arte a anos impulsiona as vendas dos títulos literários que adapta para as telas do cinema, e o faz com sucesso. Nos últimos anos, a quantidade de livros ligados ao universo do cinema vem se ampliando constantemente, ao mesmo tempo em que os roteiros cinematográficos parecem ter finalmente encontrado seu espaço enquanto gênero literário em expansão. Nota-se que este panomara de construção e popularização de uma nova demanda de leitura, com seus códigos e público específicos, parece ecoar o cenário da popularização das publicações de teatro. Problematiza-se assim o conceito de literatura, pensando de que forma o renovado interesse pela publicação de roteiros representa um reflexo do novo statuscultural dessas obras. Através do estudo de caso proporcionado por Four Screenplays of Ingmar Bergman(um dos pioneiros nesse sentido), tentaremos entender as implicações desse novo fenômeno editorial e (re)posicionar o roteirista como autor no âmbito da literatura contemporânea.