bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Redefining lumbar spinal stenosis as a developmental syndrome: an MRI-based multivariate analysis of findings in 709 patients throughout the 16- to 82-year age spectrum
Authors: Kitab Sameer , Lee Bryan S. , Benzel Edward C. 
Published: September 2018

OBJECTIVEUsing an imaging-based prospective comparative study of 709 eligible patients that was designed to assess lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) in the ages between 16 and 82 years, the authors aimed to determine whether they could formulate radiological structural differences between the developmental and degenerative types of LSS.METHODSMRI structural changes were prospectively reviewed from 2 age cohorts of patients: those who presented clinically before the age of 60 years and those who presented at 60 years or older. Categorical degeneration variables at L1–S1 segments were compared. A multivariate comparative analysis of global radiographic degenerative variables and spinal dimensions was conducted in both cohorts. The age at presentation was correlated as a covariable.RESULTSA multivariate analysis demonstrated no significant between-groups differences in spinal canal dimensions and stenosis grades in any segments after age was adjusted for. There were no significant variances between the 2 cohorts in global degenerative variables, except at the L4–5 and L5–S1 segments, but with only small effect sizes. Age-related degeneration was found in the upper lumbar segments (L1–4) more than the lower lumbar segments (L4–S1). These findings challenge the notion that stenosis at L4–5 and L5–S1 is mainly associated with degenerative LSS.CONCLUSIONSIntegration of all the morphometric and qualitative characteristics of the 2 LSS cohorts provides evidence for a developmental background for LSS. Based on these findings the authors propose the concept of LSS as a developmental syndrome with superimposed degenerative changes. Further studies can be conducted to clarify the clinical definition of LSS and appropriate management approaches.
Pengaruh Profitabilitas, Leverage, Reputasi KAP dan Opini Audit terhadap Audit Delay
Authors: Ibrahim Alwin Malik , Suryanigsih Rosita 
Published: September 2018

Financial information which very useful for the investor contained in financial statement which cause the financial statement must be done in timely manner. OJK (Otoritas Jasa Keuangan), an organization which have authorization and legal right on Indonesian stock market require that financial statement must be submitted no later than the end of third month from the latest reporting date. The purpose of this research is to analyze the effect of profitability, leverage, Accountant Public Firm’s reputation, audit opinion towards audit delay. Profitability in this research was measured by Return On Asset (ROA). Leverage was measured by Debt to Equity Ratio (DER). Purposive sampling method was used to determine research sample which result 24 companies which classified in infrastructure, utility and transportation sector listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2012-2014. Data was analyzed by using multiple regression analysis. The research result shown that profitability partially has significant effect towards audit delay. Whereas, leverage, accountant public firm’s reputation and auditor’s opinion has not significant effect towards audit delay. Profitability, leverage, accountant public firm’s reputation and audit opinion simultaneously has significant effect towards on audit delay.
Keywords: KAP reputation, audit delay, audit opinion, profitability
Analisis Pengaruh Pergantian Manajemen, Opini Audit Tahun Sebelumnya, Financial 37 Distress, Ukuran KAP, dan Ukuran Perusahaan Klien Terhadap Voluntary Auditor Switching
Authors: Lesmana Kevin , Kurnia Ratnawati 
Published: September 2018

Issues about auditor independence is the main cause of enactment of auditor switching regulations. Auditor switching could occured mandatorily because of regulations requiring or voluntarily. Various questions arise when there are several company implemented voluntary auditor switching. This research was aimed to obtain empirical evidence about the effect of management changes, audit opinion of the previous year, financial distress, public accountant firm’s size, company’s size towards voluntary auditor switching. The object of this research is manufacturing companies listed at Indonesian Stock Exchange (BEI) for the period 2012-2014. Selection of the sample is determined based on purposive sampling method. The sample used in this research are 53 companies listed at Indonesian Stock Exchange for the year 2012-2014.The data used in this study are secondary data, the annual financial statements audited by an independent auditor. Data analysis method used is logistic regression, as the dependent variable is non-metric and the independent variables are mixture of metric and non-metric. The results of this research are management changes, financial distress, company’s size have no positive effect towards voluntary auditor switching, and audit opinion of the previous year, public accountant firm’s size have no negative effect towards voluntary auditor switching.
Keywords: audit opinion, company’s size, financial distress, management changes, public accountant firm’s size, voluntary auditor switching.
Style Perancang Dalam Kajian Arsitektur Berdasarkan Teori Kepribadian
Authors: Firzandy Hendrico 
Published: September 2018

Style berarti suatu sikap perancang dalam menghadapi dan menyelesaikan setiap masalah yang mereka hadapi, termasuk dalam hal ini adalah style seorang arsitek dalam menghasilkan karya-karya arsitekturalnya.Penelitian ini menjelaskan style perancang melalui pendekatan analisis kepribadian pada proses merancang yang dilakukan para arsitek. Data yang dikumpulkan merupakan hasil wawancara terhadap responden (arsitek) dan pengamatan terhadap buku sketsanya yang keduanya akan dibandingkan dengan teori kepribadian yang diungkapkan oleh C. G. Jung. Pada akhir tulisan, peneliti memberikan usulan mengenai suatu proses pencarian dan penemuan style dalam dunia pendidikan arsitektur.
Kata kunci : style perancang, teori kepribadian, pendidikan arsitektur
Ilmu Desain Untuk Kebersahajaan Manusia
Authors: Putri Ratna Cahaya Rina Wirawan 
Published: September 2018

Desain hadir di sekitar manusia tanpa bisa dihindari atau disangkal. Mulai dari tempat tidur yang kita rebahi setiap malam, kursi, meja, pajangan ruang tamu, radio, televisi, bahkan ketika kita mengendarai kendaraan dan melihat pamflet, baliho, megatron, bahkan busana para pejalan kaki, semuanya tidak lepas dari desain. Banyaknya benda desain mengisyaratkan sebanyak itu pula orang di dunia ini telah mendesain. Sementara, beranekaragamnya benda desain mengisyaratkan ada klasifikasi desain dan perkembangan teknologi semakin memperbanyak klasifikasi ini. Coway (1987) menklasifikasikan desain dalam buku sejarahnya menjadi desain tekstil dan baju, keramik, furnitur, interior, industrial, grafis, dan environmental. Dalam klasifikiasi yang dibuat hampir 20 tahun lalu ini, sekarang berkembang seiring perkembangan teknologi media. Sebagai contoh, dalam kelompok desain grafis muncul sub kategori animasi, game, informasi, augmented reality, dan sebagainya. Meskipun desain telah muncul sejak kemampuan manusia memproduksi alat, serta terbaur dengan hasil seni dan teknologi, namun desain secara ilmu baru mulai dipikirkan ketika dimulainya desain industri di Jerman, sebelum kemudian Walter Groupius mendirikan Bauhaus pada 1919. Sejarah bergulir, ilmu desain semakin silang menyilang dengan ilmu lain seperti sosiologi, psikologi, seni, informatika, marketing, elektronik, dan lainnya. Perkembangan dan terbukanya kesadaran bahwa ilmu desain dapat bermanfaat bagi manusia dibarengi dengan ketidakpercayaan bahwa desain layak disebut ilmu, dalam pengertian sesuatu yang ilmiah. Bagi pelaku desain sendiri, setelah dipuji dan digoyah dengan berbagai opini, teori dan realitas, sejujurnya ilmu desain memiliki banyak permasalahan. Paper ini dibuat untuk mengemukakan beberapa permasalahan mutakhir dalam ilmu desain, namun tidak mungkin meninggalkan bahasan tentang permasalahan yang prinsip dan umum. Paper terdiri dari empat bagian, diawali dengan melihat dua sisi antara banalitas dan esensialitas ilmu desain, evolusi dalam ilmu desain yang terlalu cepat, bayang-bayang kapitalisme dalam ilmu desain, dan kesimpulan sebagai penutup.
Kata kunci: desain, teknologi, desain industri, sejarah desain, ilmu desain
Hyperthermic Intravesical Chemotherapy for BCG Unresponsive Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer Patients
Authors: de Jong Joep J. , Hendricksen Kees , Rosier Marloes , Mostafid Hugh , Boormans Joost L. 
Published: September 2018

Background: Adjuvant intravesical instillations with bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is the recommended treatment option for patients with intermediate-and high-risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). Despite adequate BCG treatment, a large proportion of patients experience a recurrence. Although radical cystectomy is the gold standard for BCG unresponsive NMIBC, some patients are unfit or unwilling to consider this option. Objective: To assess the effectiveness of Hyperthermic IntraVEsical Chemotherapy (HIVEC®) in BCG unresponsive NMIBC patients. Methods: A post-hoc analysis was conducted of prospectively included intermediate-and high-risk NMIBC patients who were planned to receive HIVEC® treatment between October 2014 and November 2017. For the present analysis, only patients who met the BCG unresponsive definition were included. Patients were followed by cystoscopy and cytology every 3 months and a CT-urography scan yearly. The primary outcome was the disease-free survival (DFS). The Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) was used to assess side-effects. Results: The study population consisted of 55 BCG unresponsive NMIBC patients of whom 52 underwent≥5 HIVEC® treatments. The median age and follow-up were 73 years and 14.0 months (IQR 7.6 – 24.6). The median DFS was 17.7 months (SE 6.72) and progression occurred in four patients. The 1-year cumulative incidence rate of disease recurrence/progression was 53%. Two patients experienced severe side-effects (CTCAE≥3). Conclusions: HIVEC® seems a valid treatment option for BCG unresponsive NMIBC patients. We report a median DFS of 17.7 months (SE 6.72), potentially avoiding or postponing the need for radical surgery in a proportion of these patients.
Metadata and discoverability: A use case overview
Authors: Kemp Jennifer 
Published: September 2018

This paper presents a brief overview of open interface options and use cases for Crossref metadata. The collective effect of the community’s use of metadata on content discoverability—and the need for richer metadata to support research communications—are presented in the context of a greater focus on non-bibliographic metadata. An increase in metadata querying and the core operating principle of transparency are discussed as aligned factors in making open, high-quality metadata a strategic priority for Crossref.
Transforming 50 years of data: A machine learning approach to create new revenue streams for traditional publishers
Authors: Biradar Usha B. , Khamari Lokanath , Bhate Shrey 
Published: September 2018

Content-to-data is a global trend in the Information Community and publishers are at the heart of this transition. Secondary Publishers (database producers) face strong headwinds in the building of revenue growth, but at the same time sit on massive amounts of data that has been curated and indexed over decades. Big Data technologies such as Machine Learning, Artificial Intelligence, and linked data are finally coming of age to help create new services for both primary and secondary publishers, unlocking new meaning and relevance to both open data, and proprietary content assets. This paper provides an insight into the proprietary technologies developed at Molecular Connections and how these can be leveraged to generate a new lease of life for services in a maturing secondary publishing market.
Dynamic magnetic resonance imaging of carbogen challenge on awake rabbit brain at 1.5T
Authors: Chen Po-Chou , Shoa Kuan-Hsiung , Jao Jo-Chi , Hsiao Chia-Chi 
Published: September 2018

BACKGROUND: Anesthesia may alter the cellular components contributing to the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) signal intensities. Developing awake animal models to evaluate cerebral function has grown in importance. OBJECTIVE: To investigate a noninvasive strategy for dynamic MRI (dMRI) of awake rabbits during carbogen challenge. METHODS: A nonmetallic assistive device with a self-adhering wrap secure procedure was developed for the head fixation of awake rabbits. Multi-shot gradient echo echo-planar imaging sequence was applied for the dMRI on a 1.5 T clinical MRI scanner with a quadrature head coil. The carbogen challenge pattern was applied in a sequence of air - carbogen - air - carbogen - air. Twelve scans were performed for each block of carbogen challenge. T2-weighted fast-spin echo and T1-weighted gradient echo sequences were performed before and after dMRI to evaluate the head position shifts. The whole dMRI scan time was about 30 minutes. RESULTS: The position shift of 8 rabbits in the x-and y-direction was less than 3%. The average MRI signal intensities (SI) from the 8 rabbits during carbogen challenge was fitted well using exponential growth and decay functions. The average MRI SI increase due to carbogen inhaling was 1.51%. CONCLUSIONS: The proposed strategy for head dMRI on an awake rabbit during carbogen challenge is feasible.
The GAP function of a parametric mixed strong vector quasivariational inequality problem
Authors: Le Dai Xuan , Nguyen Hung Van , Phan Kieu Thanh 
Published: September 2018

The parametric mixed strong vector quasivariational inequality problem contains many problems such as, variational inequality problems, fixed point problems, coincidence point problems, complementary problems etc. There are many authors who have been studied the gap functions for vector variational inequality problem. This problem plays an important role in many fields of applied mathematics, especially theory of optimization. In this paper, we study a parametric gap function without the help of the nonlinear scalarization function for a parametric mixed strong vector quasivariational inequality problem (in short, (SQVIP)) in Hausdorff topological vector spaces. (SQVIP) Find
x ̅ ∈ K(x ̅ ,γ) and z ̅ ∈ T(x ̅ ,γ) such that
< z ̅ , y-x ̅ >+ f(y, x ̅ ,γ) ∈ Rn+ ∀ y ∈ K(x ̅ ,γ),
where we denote the nonnegative of Rn by
Rn+= {t=(t1 ,t2,…,tn )T ∈ Rn |ti >0, i = 1,2, ...,n}.
Moreover, we also discuss the lower semicontinuity, upper semicontinuity and the continuity for the parametric gap function for this problem. To the best of our knowledge, until now there have not been any paper devoted to the lower semicontinuity, continuity of the gap function without the help of the nonlinear scalarization function for a parametric mixed strong vector quasivariational inequality problem in Hausdorff topological vector spaces. Hence the results presented in this paper (Theorem 1.3 and Theorem 1.4) are new and different in comparison with some main results in the literature.
Determination of cysteamine in animal feeds by high performance liquid chromatography with diode-array detection (HPLC-DAD)
Authors: Nguyen Phu Hoang 
Published: September 2018

A HPLC-DAD method for the determination of cysteamine supplementation in commercial animal feeds was developed. Samples were extracted with a mixture of 0.5 % hydrochloric acid – acetonitrile (90:10, v/v), matrix interferences were removed with a C18 cartridge, cysteamine was derivatized using 5,5'-dithiobis-(2-nitrobenzoic) acid (DTNB) as Ellman's reagent targeting to the thiol group in the molecule. Quantification of cysteamine was performed on a c18 column with DAD at 323 nm. The developed method had LOD of 1.1 mg/l, good linearity of the calibration curve (R2 ≥ 0.9998), high recoveries (> 92 %), and high reproducibility (RSD < 2.0%).
The Picaro and the Prole, the Spiv and the Honest Tommy in Leon Griffiths'sMinder
Authors: Baker Stephen , Hoey Paddy 
Published: September 2018

First broadcast in 1979, Thames Television's comedy drama, Minder, coincided with the arrival of the Conservative government led by Margaret Thatcher. Central to the series’ popularity was the character of Arthur Daley, a shady, small-time businessman whose proclivity for wheeling and dealing saw him regarded as epitomising an era marked by the free-market, entrepreneurial zeal of the Thatcher administration. Arthur's ‘partner’, Terry McCann, by contrast, was a disconcerting picture of what life could be like for the working class in the new economy. As an ex-boxer and an ex-prisoner with a conscience, he relied on Arthur to find him casual employment as a minder.Far from reading Minder as an endorsement of Thatcherism and its military adventurism, enterprise culture and hankering after a perceived past national glory, this article considers the series as an ironic comment on such pretentions, and Arthur and Terry as underworld, low-life versions of familiar national heroes – the entrepreneur and the ‘honest Tommy’. The article also goes further, situating Arthur Daley's character in a generic tradition of dubious working-class enterprise and criminality that pre-dates the image of the spiv, popularised in British films such as Waterloo Road in the 1940s, going back to the picaros and proles of the eighteenth century and illustrated in Peter Linebaugh's book about the period, The London Hanged.
Radio Interferometric Observation of an Asteroid Occultation
Authors: Harju Jorma , Lehtinen Kimmo , Romney Jonathan , Petrov Leonid , Granvik Mikael , Muinonen Karri , Bach Uwe , Poutanen Markku 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
The occultation of the radio galaxy 0141+268 by the asteroid (372) Palma on 2017 May 15 was observed using six antennas of the Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA). The shadow of Palma crossed the VLBA station at Brewster, Washington. Owing to the wavelength used, and the size and the distance of the asteroid, a diffraction pattern in the Fraunhofer regime was observed. The measurement retrieves both the amplitude and the phase of the diffracted electromagnetic wave. This is the first astronomical measurement of the phase shift caused by diffraction. The maximum phase shift is sensitive to the effective diameter of the asteroid. The bright spot at the shadow’s center, the so called Arago–Poisson spot, is clearly detected in the amplitude time-series, and its strength is a good indicator of the closest angular distance between the center of the asteroid and the radio source. A sample of random shapes constructed using a Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm suggests that the silhouette of Palma deviates from a perfect circle by 26 ± 13%. The best-fitting random shapes resemble each other, and we suggest their average approximates the shape of the silhouette at the time of the occultation. The effective diameter obtained for Palma, 192.1 ± 4.8 km, is in excellent agreement with recent estimates from thermal modeling of mid-infrared photometry. Finally, our computations show that because of the high positional accuracy, a single radio interferometric occultation measurement can reduce the long-term ephemeris uncertainty by an order of magnitude.
Coma Morphology, Numerical Modeling, and Production Rates for Comet C/Lulin (2007 N3)
Authors: Bair Allison N. , Schleicher David G. , Knight Matthew M. 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
We report on narrowband photometry and extensive imaging observations of comet C/Lulin (2007 N3) obtained at Lowell Observatory during 2008 and 2009. Enhanced CN images revealed a double-corkscrew morphology with two near-polar jets oriented approximately east–west, and both CN and dust images showed nightly rotational variability and seasonal changes in bulk morphology. We determined a rotational pole direction of R.A./decl. = 81°/+29° with an obliquity of 97° and a sidereal rotation period of 41.45 ± 0.05 hr. Monte Carlo numerical modeling best replicated the observed CN features with an eastern source area at lat/long −80°/125° and an ∼10° radius and a western source area at lat/long +77°/245° and an ∼20° radius, ∼4× larger than the eastern source. An additional small, near-equatorial source was necessary to reproduce some dust features. Water morphology based on OH was quite different from that of the carbon-bearing species, implying a different driver for the polar jets such as CO or CO2. Ion tails were detected in decontaminated images from both the dust and NH filters, likely being H2O+ and OH+, respectively. We measured water production both before and after perihelion and extrapolated peak water production at perihelion to be about 1.0 × 1029 molecules s−1. We estimated an active fraction of only 4%–5% and a nucleus radius of up to ∼8 km. Our data suggest that Lulin, defined as dynamically new in a statistical sense, behaves more like a long-period comet due to its nearly asteroidal early appearance, isolated source regions, and dust properties.
Radio Sky Maps of the GRB 170817A Afterglow from Simulations
Authors: Zrake Jonathan , Xie Xiaoyi , MacFadyen Andrew 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
We present synthetic radio images of the GRB 170817A afterglow, computed from moving-mesh hydrodynamic simulations of binary neutron star merger outflows. Having expanded for nearly a year, the merger remnant is expected to subtend ∼5 mas on the sky, potentially resolvable by very long baseline radio imaging techniques. Any observations revealing the radio centroid to be offset from the line of sight to the merger would be the smoking gun of a jetted outflow. However, our results indicate that a measurement of the centroid position alone cannot independently determine whether that jet escaped successfully from the merger debris cloud, or was “choked,” yielding a quasi-spherical explosion. We find that in both scenarios, the centroid exhibits superluminal proper motion away from the merger site at roughly 4–10 μas per day for at least the first 300 days. We argue that a successful strategy for differentiating among the explosion models will need to include multiple observations over the coming months to years. In particular, we find the time at which the centroid attains its maximum offset, and begins heading back toward the merger site, is considerably later if the jet was choked. Detecting a reversal of the centroid trajectory earlier than 600 days would uniquely identify a successful jet. Our results indicate that the source might be resolved using very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) radio observing techniques with ∼1 mas resolution starting at roughly 400 days post-merger, and that the the angular extent of a successful jet is significantly smaller than that of a choked jet (4.5 versus 7 mas respectively).
Firmes et travailleur.ses dans le jeu politique européen : deux poids pour une mesure
Authors: Cloteau Armèle , Louis Julien 
Published: September 2018

On pourrait penser que l’Union européenne constitue une institution favorable au développement d’un syndicalisme international et d’un rapport de force équilibré avec les firmes multinationales. En réalité, dans l’espace de la représentation des intérêts, syndicats et patronat ne possèdent ni le même volume ni le même type de ressources, les firmes s’appuyant sur des fonds propres et des experts plus spécialisés. Au-delà, comme le démontrent Armèle Cloteau et Julien Louis, les dispositifs de participation avantagent largement les organisations les plus dotées et tendent à domestiquer l’action des syndicats par leur forte institutionnalisation. Les pratiques de représentation des intérêts, en majorité informelles, se réalisent surtout dans des relations d’interconnaissance : l’industrie a ici un avantage majeur en raison des carrières de ses représentants, marquées par la circulation dans les institutions européennes.