bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Guidelines for HPV-DNA Testing for Cervical Cancer Screening in Brazil
Authors: Zeferino Luiz Carlos , Bastos Joana Bragança , Vale Diama Bhadra Andrade Peixoto do , Zanine Rita Maria , Melo Yara Lucia Mendes Furtado de , Primo Walquíria Quida Salles Pereira , Corrêa Flávia de Miranda , Val Isabel Cristina Chulvis do , Russomano Fábio 
Published: June 2018

AbstractEvidence-based clinical guidelines ensure best practice protocols are available in health care. There is a widespread use of human papillomavirus deoxyribonucleic acid (HPV-DNA) tests in Brazil, regardless of the lack of official guidelines. On behalf of the Brazilian Association for the Lower Genital Tract Pathology and Colposcopy (ABPTGIC, in the Portuguese acronym), a team of reviewers searched for published evidence and developed a set of recommendations for the use of HPV-DNA tests in cervical cancer screening in Brazil. The product of this process was debated and consensus was sought by the participants. One concern of the authors was the inclusion of these tests in the assessment of women with cytologic atypia and women treated for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). Testing for HPV is recommended in an organized screening scenario to identify women with precursor lesions or asymptomatic cervical cancer older than 30 years of age, and it can be performed every 5 years. It also has value after the cytology showing atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US) or low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSILs) as a triage test for colposcopy, in the investigation of other cytological alterations when no abnormal findings are observed at colposcopy, seeking to exclude disease, or, further, after treatment of high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, to rule out residual disease.
Behandlung der hämolytischen Krankheit beim Fetus und Neugeborenen (HDFN) verursacht durch Anti-Jsb-Antikörper
Authors: Vales Anja , Steitzer Hansjörg , Utz Irene , Unterberger Eva , Jüngling Gerhard 
Published: June 2018

ZusammenfassungDie Erstvorstellung der Patientin an unserer Abteilung fand in der 24. Schwangerschaftswoche (SSW) statt. Wie aus Vorbefunden bekannt, lag bei ihr ein erythrozytärer Antikörper vor, der sich gegen das hochfrequente Jsb-Antigen (KEL7, „Matthews“) richtet, das zum Kell-Blutgruppensystem gehört. Anti-Jsb-Antikörper können, wie alle Antikörper gegen Antigene des Kell-Systems, eine hämolytische Krankheit beim Fetus und Neugeborenen (HDFN) verursachen. Die Antigenfrequenz bei Kaukasiern liegt bei 100%, deshalb stehen kompatible Erythrozytenkonzentrate in Mitteleuropa in der Regel nur kryokonserviert zur Verfügung. In der 28. SSW entwickelte der Fetus eine schwere Anämie, die mit einer Intrauterintransfusion (IUT) behandelt werden musste. Da kompatible Erythrozytenkonzentrate nicht zur Verfügung standen, entschieden wir uns, für die IUT mütterliches Blut zu verwenden, obwohl eine Inkompatibilität zwischen Mutter (Blutgruppe B) und ungeborenem Kind (Blutgruppe A) im AB0-System vorlag. Diese Vorgehensweise ist aufgrund des Fehlens von Isoagglutininen bei Feten und Neugeborenen zu vertreten. Die IUT wurde insgesamt 2× durchgeführt, dabei traten keinerlei Komplikationen auf. Aufgrund einer drohenden Eklampsie und Anämie des Ungeborenen entschloss man sich, eine Sectio in der 34. SSW durchzuführen. Zu diesem Zeitpunkt waren für Mutter und Kind kompatible Erythrozytenkonzentrate verfügbar, die unsererseits durch internationale Zusammenarbeit extern beschafft wurden. Die Sectio verlief komplikationslos. Postnatal kam es zu einer Hyperbilirubinämie, die durch Phototherapie behandelt werden konnte. Transfusionen oder eine Austauschtransfusion wurden nicht erforderlich.
A sense of agency
Authors: Phillips Joshua 
Published: June 2018

AbstractRoper Kriol exhibits variation in the shape of the first-person singular pronoun in subject position. This paper provides an account of the numerous syntactic, semantic and pragmatic factors that appear to influence the selection of eitheraiormibased predominantly on a study of a corpus of the written language. It is claimed that the synchronic distribution ofaiandmiis an innovation primarily motivated by speaker reanalysis of the semantic entailments frequently associated with English subject and object arguments – effectively evidence of the partial grammaticalisation of agentivity in these varieties. This work has implications for our understanding of ‘agentivity’ as a cross-linguistic, cognitive category and for the dynamic relationship between semantic roles and the morphosyntactic encoding of grammatical relations.
Existentials and possessives in Modern Hebrew
Authors: Melnik Nurit 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThis paper considers the relationship between synchronic variation and language change in the context of the existential and possessive constructions in Modern Hebrew, which exhibit a normative – colloquial alternation. The study examines usage patterns across age groups and time periods, as represented in spoken-language corpora. It shows that the non-normative construction is used extensively in the contemporary speech of adults. Moreover, a comparison of the use of the normative – colloquial alternations by two populations, children and adults, in different time periods, provides evidence to suggest that these constructions are undergoing language change. A cross-linguistic perspective lends additional support: across languages the expression of existence involves non-canonical structures, which are particularly susceptible to language variation and, possibly, language change.
Electrostatic interpretation of zeros of orthogonal polynomials
Authors: Steinerberger Stefan 
Published: June 2018

We study the differential equation

−
(
p
(
x
)

y
′

)
′

+
q
(
x
)

y
′

=
λ
y
,

- (p(x) y’)’ + q(x) y’ = \lambda y,

where

p
(
x
)

p(x)

is a polynomial of degree at most 2 and

q
(
x
)

q(x)

is a polynomial of degree at most 1. This includes the classical Jacobi polynomials, Hermite polynomials, Legendre polynomials, Chebychev polynomials, and Laguerre polynomials. We provide a general electrostatic interpretation of zeros of such polynomials: a set of distinct, real numbers

{

x
1

,
…
,

x
n

}

\left \{x_1, \dots , x_n\right \}

satisfies

p
(

x
i

)

∑

k
=
1

k
≠
i

n

2

x
k

−

x
i

=
q
(

x
i

)
−

p
′

(

x
i

)

f
o
r
a
l
l

1
≤
i
≤
n

\begin{equation*} p(x_i) \sum _{k = 1 \atop k \neq i}^{n}{\frac {2}{x_k - x_i}} = q(x_i) - p’(x_i) \qquad \mathrm {for all}~ 1\leq i \leq n \end{equation*}

if and only if they are zeros of a polynomial solving the differential equation. We also derive a system of ODEs depending on

p
(
x
)
,
q
(
x
)

p(x),q(x)

whose solutions converge to the zeros of the orthogonal polynomial at an exponential rate.
Graph-guided multi-task sparse learning model: a method for identifying antigenic variants of influenza A(H3N2) virus
Authors: Han Lei , Li Lei , Wen Feng , Zhong Lei , Zhang Tong , Wan Xiu-Feng 
Published: June 2018

Abstract

Motivation
Influenza virus antigenic variants continue to emerge and cause disease outbreaks. Time-consuming, costly and middle-throughput serologic methods using virus isolates are routinely used to identify influenza antigenic variants for vaccine strain selection. However, the resulting data are notoriously noisy and difficult to interpret and integrate because of variations in reagents, supplies and protocol implementation. A novel method without such limitations is needed for antigenic variant identification.

Results
We developed a Graph-Guided Multi-Task Sparse Learning (GG-MTSL) model that uses multi-sourced serologic data to learn antigenicity-associated mutations and infer antigenic variants. By applying GG-MTSL to influenza H3N2 hemagglutinin sequences, we showed the method enables rapid characterization of antigenic profiles and identification of antigenic variants in real time and on a large scale. Furthermore, sequences can be generated directly by using clinical samples, thus minimizing biases due to culture-adapted mutation during virus isolation.

Availability and implementation
MATLAB source codes developed for GG-MTSL are available through http://sysbio.cvm.msstate.edu/files/GG-MTSL/.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
iEnhancer-EL: identifying enhancers and their strength with ensemble learning approach
Authors: Liu Bin , Li Kai , Huang De-Shuang , Chou Kuo-Chen 
Published: June 2018

Abstract

Motivation
Identification of enhancers and their strength is important because they play a critical role in controlling gene expression. Although some bioinformatics tools were developed, they are limited in discriminating enhancers from non-enhancers only. Recently, a two-layer predictor called ‘iEnhancer-2L’ was developed that can be used to predict the enhancer’s strength as well. However, its prediction quality needs further improvement to enhance the practical application value.

Results
A new predictor called ‘iEnhancer-EL’ was proposed that contains two layer predictors: the first one (for identifying enhancers) is formed by fusing an array of six key individual classifiers, and the second one (for their strength) formed by fusing an array of ten key individual classifiers. All these key classifiers were selected from 171 elementary classifiers formed by SVM (Support Vector Machine) based on kmer, subsequence profile and PseKNC (Pseudo K-tuple Nucleotide Composition), respectively. Rigorous cross-validations have indicated that the proposed predictor is remarkably superior to the existing state-of-the-art one in this area.

Availability and implementation
A web server for the iEnhancer-EL has been established at http://bioinformatics.hitsz.edu.cn/iEnhancer-EL/, by which users can easily get their desired results without the need to go through the mathematical details.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Beyond the H&E: Advanced Technologies for in situ Tissue Biomarker Imaging
Authors: Himmel Lauren E , Hackett Troy A , Moore Jessica L , Adams Wilson R , Thomas Giju , Novitskaya Tatiana , Caprioli Richard M , Zijlstra Andries , Mahadevan-Jansen Anita , Boyd Kelli L 
Published: June 2018

AbstractFor decades, histopathology with routine hematoxylin and eosin staining has been and remains the gold standard for reaching a morphologic diagnosis in tissue samples from humans and veterinary species. However, within the past decade, there has been exponential growth in advanced techniques for in situ tissue biomarker imaging that bridge the divide between anatomic and molecular pathology. It is now possible to simultaneously observe localization and expression magnitude of multiple protein, nucleic acid, and molecular targets in tissue sections and apply machine learning to synthesize vast, image-derived datasets. As these technologies become more sophisticated and widely available, a team-science approach involving subspecialists with medical, engineering, and physics backgrounds is critical to upholding quality and validity in studies generating these data. The purpose of this manuscript is to detail the scientific premise, tools and training, quality control, and data collection and analysis considerations needed for the most prominent advanced imaging technologies currently applied in tissue sections: immunofluorescence, in situ hybridization, laser capture microdissection, matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization imaging mass spectrometry, and spectroscopic/optical methods. We conclude with a brief overview of future directions for ex vivo and in vivo imaging techniques.
Finiteness of Frobenius Traces of a Sheaf on a Flat Arithmetic Scheme
Authors: Shimizu Koji 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
For a lisse $\ell $-adic sheaf on a scheme flat and of finite type over $\mathbb{Z}$, we consider the field generated over $ \mathbb{Q}$ by Frobenius traces of the sheaf at closed points. Assuming conjectural properties of geometric Galois representations of number fields and the Generalized Riemann Hypothesis, we prove that the field is finite over $\mathbb{Q}$ when the sheaf is de Rham at $\ell $ pointwise. This is a number field analog of Deligne’s finiteness result about Frobenius traces in the function field case.
Effect of a Shoulder Movement Intervention on Joint Mobility, Pain, and Disability in People With Diabetes: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Mueller Michael J , Sorensen Christopher J , McGill Janet B , Clark B Ruth , Lang Catherine E , Chen Ling , Bohnert Kathryn L , Hastings Mary K 
Published: June 2018

Abstract

Background
People with diabetes are at high risk for shoulder pain, limited joint mobility, and adhesive capsulitis.

Objective
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of a shoulder movement intervention (ShoMo) compared to a wellness intervention on the primary outcomes of active shoulder flexion and reported Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI) measured after intervention and 9 months later.

Design
The design was a prospective, randomized, controlled clinical trial.

Setting
The setting was a research center at an academic medical center.

Participants
Fifty-two participants with type 2 diabetes and shoulder pain or limited motion were randomized to a group receiving ShoMo (N = 27; mean age = 59.3; SD = 7.0) or a group receiving wellness activities (N = 25; mean age = 57.9; SD = 7.7).

Intervention
The ShoMo group received instruction in a progressive, active shoulder movement program. The wellness group received instruction in diabetes management.

Measurements
Measurements were made at baseline, after 3 months of intervention, and at 6, 9, and 12 months after baseline.

Results
After intervention, the ShoMo group had a 7.2-degree increase in active shoulder flexion compared with the wellness group (95% CI = 0.9–13.5°), but there was no difference at subsequent follow-ups. The ShoMo group showed a 12.7-point improvement in the SPADI score compared to the wellness group after intervention (95% CI = 1.1–24.3), which remained better than the wellness group 9 months later.

Limitations
The number of participants and duration of follow-up were inadequate to determine if intervention can help to prevent future severe shoulder problems.

Conclusions
A progressive shoulder movement program can have meaningful effects on active motion and symptoms in people with type 2 diabetes and mild-to-moderate shoulder symptoms, with symptom improvement lasting at least 9 months.
Escape Dynamics in Learning Models
Authors: Williams Noah 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThis article illustrates and characterizes how adaptive learning can lead to recurrent large fluctuations. Learning models have typically focused on the convergence of beliefs towards an equilibrium. However in stochastic environments, there may be rare but recurrent episodes where shocks cause beliefs to escape from the equilibrium, generating large movements in observed outcomes. I characterize the escape dynamics by drawing on the theory of large deviations, developing new results which make this theory directly applicable in a class of learning models. The likelihood, frequency, and most likely direction of escapes are all characterized by a deterministic control problem. I illustrate my results with two simple examples.
Rapid production and characterization of antimicrobial colicins using Escherichia coli-based cell-free protein synthesis
Authors: Jin Xing , Kightlinger Weston , Kwon Yong-Chan , Hong Seok Hoon 
Published: June 2018

AbstractColicins are antimicrobial proteins produced by Escherichia coli, which, upon secretion from the host, kill non-host E. coli strains by forming pores in the inner membrane and degrading internal cellular components such as DNA and RNA. Due to their unique cell-killing activities, colicins are considered viable alternatives to conventional antibiotics. Recombinant production of colicins requires co-production of immunity proteins to protect host cells; otherwise, the colicins are lethal to the host. In this study, we used cell-free protein synthesis (CFPS) to produce active colicins without the need for protein purification and co-production of immunity proteins. Cell-free synthesized colicins were active in killing model E. coli cells with different modes of cytotoxicity. Pore-forming colicins E1 and nuclease colicin E2 killed actively growing cells in a nutrient-rich medium, but the cytotoxicity of colicin Ia was low compared to E1 and E2. Moreover, colicin E1 effectively killed cells in a nutrient-free solution, while the activity of E2 was decreased compared to nutrient-rich conditions. Both colicins E1 and E2 decreased the level of persister cells (metabolically dormant cell populations that are insensitive to antibiotics) by up to six orders of magnitude compared to that of the rifampin pretreated persister cells. This study finds that colicins can eradicate non-growing cells including persisters, and that CFPS is a promising platform for rapid production and characterization of toxic proteins.
Identifying the optimal course delivery platform in an undergraduate animal behavior research course1
Authors: Arnold Danielle M , Mortensen Christopher J , Thoron Andrew C , Miot Jon K , Miller-Cushon Emily K 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
There is a critical need to evaluate pedagogical delivery platforms best suited for undergraduates in the information age. Our goal was to identify the optimum course delivery platform for a basic research course based on student performance and critical thinking scores. Students were expected to plan, conduct, and report on an animal behavior research project of their own design. The course was taught in three different formats: traditional, online, and flipped, over 2 yr by the same instructor at both the University of Florida and Santa Fe College. Student assessments included weekly quizzes, assignments, a written report, a poster presentation, and attendance. We conducted pre- and postassessments using the Cornell Critical Thinking Test (CCTT). Students’ grades differed depending on format delivery and were also different between University of Florida and Santa Fe College students. For students at the University of Florida, quiz grades and poster grades did not differ (P &lt; 0.50) between formats. However, assignment grades (P = 0.04) and report grades (P &lt; 0.001) differed by format and were higher in the flipped and online-only version of the course, compared with traditional. For students at the Santa Fe College, quiz grades (P = 0.71) did not differ, but assignment (P &lt; 0.001), report (P = 0.003), and poster (P &lt; 0.001) grades were higher in the flipped and traditional format of the course. Within the flipped format at the University of Florida, student CCTT scores increased (P &lt; 0.001) between pre- and posttest, whereas the scores within the other formats did not differ. When we compared the magnitude of change between pre- and posttest scores across formats, students at the University of Florida in the flipped format tended (P = 0.060) to have a greater gain than students in the online format. For students at Santa Fe College, there was no difference between pre- and posttest CCTT scores for any format, and the magnitude of change in scores did not differ between formats. Overall, our results suggest that teaching format influences student grades and critical thinking scores. Different effects were seen in different student populations; however, positive effects of the flipped format on student grades were seen at both institutions. In conclusion, flipped format courses may improve learning and critical thinking in an early research-based course.
Multi-Behavioral Endpoint Testing of an 87-Chemical Compound Library in Freshwater Planarians
Authors: Zhang Siqi , Hagstrom Danielle , Hayes Patrick , Graham Aaron , Collins Eva-Maria S 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
There is an increased recognition in the field of toxicology of the value of medium-to-high-throughput screening methods using in vitro and alternative animal models. We have previously introduced the asexual freshwater planarian Dugesia japonica as a new alternative animal model and proposed that it is particularly well-suited for the study of developmental neurotoxicology. In this article, we discuss how we have expanded and automated our screening methodology to allow for fast screening of multiple behavioral endpoints, developmental toxicity, and mortality. Using an 87-compound library provided by the National Toxicology Program, consisting of known and suspected neurotoxicants, including drugs, flame retardants, industrial chemicals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), pesticides, and presumptive negative controls, we further evaluate the benefits and limitations of the system for medium-throughput screening, focusing on the technical aspects of the system. We show that, in the context of this library, planarians are the most sensitive to pesticides with 16/16 compounds causing toxicity and the least sensitive to PAHs, with only 5/17 causing toxicity. Furthermore, while none of the presumptive negative controls were bioactive in adult planarians, 2/5, acetaminophen and acetylsalicylic acid, were bioactive in regenerating worms. Notably, these compounds were previously reported as developmentally toxic in mammalian studies. Through parallel screening of adults and developing animals, planarians are thus a useful model to detect such developmental-specific effects, which was observed for 13 chemicals in this library. We use the data and experience gained from this screen to propose guidelines for best practices when using planarians for toxicology screens.
Role of Motor Competence and Executive Functioning in Weight Loss: A Study in Children with Obesity
Authors: Augustijn Mireille J. C. M. , D'Hondt Eva , Van Acker Lore , De Guchtenaere Ann , Lenoir Matthieu , Caeyenberghs Karen , Deconinck Frederik J. A. 
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACT:

Objective:
This study aimed to compare motor competence and executive functioning (EF) between children with obesity and peers with healthy weight. Additionally, the predictive value of motor competence and EF in weight loss after a 5-month multidisciplinary residential treatment program was examined.

Methods:
Thirty-two children with obesity (7–11 years, 14 boys) and 32 age-matched controls (18 boys) performed 8 motor skill tasks and 4 tasks of EF (only at baseline). In the group of children with obesity, anthropometric measurements were performed at baseline and 5 months after the start of their treatment program. Also in control children, there was a time span of 5 months in between anthropometric measurements.

Results:
Lower levels of motor competence and reduced updating abilities, inhibition control, and planning skills were observed in children with obesity compared with healthy-weight controls. Within the total group, better general motor competence and balance skills were significantly associated with better updating, inhibition control, and planning. Finally, hierarchical regression analyses revealed that ball skills, balance skills, and inhibition/updating at baseline predicted 14% to 17% of the variance in weight loss after a 5-month treatment program in children with obesity.

Conclusion:
These results suggest that motor competence and EF are both relevant factors associated with childhood obesity. Moreover, these factors seem to be significant predictors of weight loss. Future (intervention) studies are needed to understand the impact of the difficulties in motor and EF on obesity-related behaviors as well as on short-term and, especially, long-term weight loss and maintenance.