bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Brief Report: Onward Transmission of Multiple HIV-1 Unique Recombinant Forms Among Men Who Have Sex With Men in Beijing, China
Authors: Liu Yongjian , Su Bin , Zhang Yu , Jia Lei , Li Hanping , Li Zhen , Han Jingwan , Zhang Tong , Li Tianyi , Wu Hao , Wang Xiaolin , Li Jingyun , Li Lin 
Published: February 2019

Background:
Unique recombinant forms (URFs) were generated in dually infected or multiply infected individuals, and some of URFs can be transmitted to many people resulting in the emergence of circulating recombinant forms (CRFs). We examined whether there was evidence for onward transmission of multiple URFs among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Beijing.

Methods:
A total of 146 MSM subjects with acute/early HIV-1 infection were recruited from the Beijing PRIMO clinical cohort between September 2010 and July 2012. HIV-1 full-length gag and partial pol, env genes were amplified and sequenced separately. Phylogenetic analysis and recombination analysis were performed to determine the viral genotypes. Single genome amplification and direct sequencing were used to confirm onward transmission of URFs.

Results:
CRF01_AE was the most common genotype (51.9%), followed by CRF07_BC (23.0%), subtype B (14.8%), URFs (7.4%), CRF65_cpx (2.2%), and CRF55_01B (0.7%). Multiple forms of URFs were identified, including CRF01_AE/BC, CRF01_AE/B, and CRF01_AE/C. Nine of the 10 individuals harboring URFs were infected by onward transmission of URFs. The remaining one individual was coinfected with CRF01_AE and CRF07_BC variants.

Conclusions:
We introduced a new method to provide evidence for onward transmission of URF strains by examining the absence of intersubtype coinfection among early infected individuals. Onward transmission of multiple URFs was found among MSM in Beijing, China. Our findings call for a program of continuous molecular surveillance and have implications to prevention programs among MSM in China.
Safety and Efficacy of Combined Peptide Receptor Radionuclide Therapy and Liver Selective Internal Radiation Therapy in a Patient With Metastatic Neuroendocrine Tumor
Authors: Maccauro Marco , Follacchio Giulia Anna , Spreafico Carlo , Coppa Jorgelina , Seregni Ettore 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Nuclear medicine treatments of well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are gaining increasing acceptance among clinicians. Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) is an effective systemic treatment, providing a significant survival benefit and improving patients' quality of life. Locoregional selective internal radiation therapy (SIRT) is a safe and effective treatment for unresectable NET liver metastases, providing good local tumor control and symptomatic relief. Few reports in literature examine the sequential use of PRRT and SIRT in metastatic NET. We report the case of a metastatic NET patient treated with sequential PRRT-SIRT achieving a long disease control interval without cumulative toxicity issues.
High-Resolution Brain 18F-FDG Images Provided by Fully Digital PET
Authors: Salvadori Julien , Perrin Mathieu , Marie Pierre-Yves , Imbert Laëtitia , Verger Antoine 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Normal brain 18F-FDG PET images, consecutively recorded on analog and fully digital PET cameras in an 85-year-old woman, are depicted herein with the reconstruction methods recommended for a 2-mm voxel size on each camera and with a high-resolution reconstruction additionally developed for digital PET with a 1-mm voxel size. An enhanced gray-to-white matter contrast was consistently documented for digital PET when compared with analog PET, and was associated with a further enhancement in spatial resolution at 1-mm voxel size, as evidenced by a much clearer delineation of cortical gyri. These high-resolution images could favor the identification of brain abnormalities.
A Case of Radioactive Iodine Uptake Found in Artificial Eye
Authors: Kim Il-Hyun , Yoon Joon-Kee , Lee Su Jin , Jeong Eugene , An Young-Sil 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy is widely used as an adjunctive treatment in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer. Although 131I has high avidity in the functioning thyroid, and in differentiated thyroid cancer lesions, physiological and nonspecific uptake of 131I in healthy or benign tissue may contribute to false-positive findings on an 131I scan. Here, we present an interesting image of RAI uptake in the eye region post-RAI treatment, which has been identified as tear contamination in the artificial eye.
18F-FDG PET/CT of Lung Adenocarcinoma With Ovarian Metastases
Authors: García-Talavera Paloma , Colinas Daniel , Tamayo Pilar , Fra Joaquin , Montes Arnold 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Patient was a 52-year-old woman with medical history of lung adenocarcinoma operated in 2009 (stage I, T2 N0 M0), showing increasing levels of tumor markers and a doubtful retrocrural adenopathy by means of CT scan with intravenous contrast. An 18F-FDG PET/CT was performed, which showed 2 hypermetabolic foci in both annexes. The anatomopathological study detected bilateral ovarian adenocarcinoma compatible with metastases of pulmonary origin.
Focally Increased Iodine Activity in a Small Thymic Cyst
Authors: Liu Yao , Bai Xia , Mu Da , Wang Jian , Lou Cen 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
A 40-year-old man with biopsy-proven papillary thyroid cancer received 131I radiotherapy. Posttherapy scan showed not only multiple foci of intense activity in the neck but also a small focal activity in the region of right upper mediastinum, confirmed by SPECT/CT images. This activity was suspected as mediastinal lymph node metastasis. However, pathology examination after the resection showed thymic cyst.
Hereditary Leiomyomatosis and Renal Cell Carcinoma Syndrome–Associated Renal Cell Carcinoma Showing High FDG Uptake
Authors: Xiao Zhengguang , Dong Aisheng , Wang Yang 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell carcinoma (HLRCC) syndrome is a rare autosomal-dominant disease, characterized by the development of cutaneous and uterine leiomyomas and renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Approximately 20% to 30% of patients with HLRCC syndrome develop RCC resembling sporadic type 2 papillary RCC, which is aggressive and associated with a poor prognosis. Information on the clinical usefulness of FDG PET/CT in HLRCC syndrome-associated RCC is limited. We present a case of HLRCC syndrome-associated RCC showing high FDG uptake in both the primary RCC and retroperitoneal lymph node metastases. In addition, the patient had 2 hypermetabolic uterine leiomyomas.
Management of Vocal Fold Scars by Concurrent Nanofat and Microfat Grafting
Authors: Cantarella Giovanna , Mazzola Riccardo F. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractVocal fold scarring is the cause of severe dysphonia and represents a therapeutic challenge; dysphagia can also be present in case of soft tissue defect due to previous oncological surgery. The ideal surgical solution should concurrently provide vocal fold augmentation and re-establishment of tissue elasticity. Nanofat technique has given so far promising results in remodeling skin scars and improving tissue pliability. The present paper describes for the first time the use of nanofat injected into the vocal fold cover for pliability restoration, combined with traditional microfat for vocal fold augmentation. Seven patients (aged 23–77 years) affected by severe dysphonia, related to extensive vocal fold scarring (3 of them were also affected by dysphagia for liquid consistencies), underwent a single procedure of concurrent microfat and nanofat vocal fold injection under direct microlaryngoscopy in general anesthesia. Results were evaluated by objective outcome measures and auto evaluation performed by questionnaires concerning the phonatory and swallowing efficiency. The voice quality and the perceived swallowing capability of all patients improved after surgery and are stable at follow-up (4–8 months). The reported preliminary data show that nanofat, due to its regenerative potential related to adipose-derived stem cells and growth factors, can be a promising adjunct to traditional fat augmentation to improve elasticity of the delicate multilayered structure of the vocal fold and to enhance its vibratory capabilities. Further experience on a wider number of patients and long-term follow-up are necessary to confirm the validity of this technique.
Assessment of Occlusal Appliance for the Reposition of Temporomandibular Joint Anterior Disc Displacement With Reduction
Authors: Shen Pei , Chen Xinwei , Xie Qianyang , Zhang Shanyong , Yang Chi 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
The aim of our study was to evaluate the success rates and prognoses of patients treated with occlusal appliances used to reposition the temporomandibular joint anterior disc displacement with reduction (ADDWR). A sample of 144 consecutive patients (210 joints) diagnosed with ADDWR based on MRI were included in our study. Disc recapture was confirmed in a mandible-anterior position to eliminate joint clicking based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Anterior repositioning appliance (ARS) was applied to keep the mandible in this position. The occlusal surface of the ARS was ground down by 1 mm approximately every 4 weeks for bite reconstruction. MRI was carried out before treatment, 6 months after the start of treatment, at the end of the treatment, and at their last follow-up visit. A Cox regression model was used to estimate the risk of failure of the treatment. The mean treatment duration was 9.5±2.6 months. A total of 177 joints (84.3%) were successfully repositioned at the end of splint treatment according to MRI. Regular follow-up indicated that almost 53% of the patients had normal disc–condyle relationships after 2 years. Sex, age, treatment duration, and orthodontics used were included in the final Cox regression model, with hazard ratios of 1.375, 1.141, 0.396, and 0.364, respectively. ARS is inferior for recapturing ADDWR in the long-term. It is thus better to explore other more effective methods to reposition the displaced disc in patients with ADDWR.
Effect of Electrohydraulic Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy on the Repair of Bone Defects Grafted With Particulate Allografts
Authors: Özkan Enes , Bereket Mehmet Cihan , Şenel Erman , Önger Mehmet Emin 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
This study determined the effect of electrohydraulic extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) on the healing of mandible defects repaired using particulate allogenic bone grafts. This study included 20 male Wistar rats aged 12 weeks. In all the animals, a critical-sized defect of 4-mm diameter was created in the mandible and the defect area was filled with particulate allograft. Next, the rats were divided into 2 groups, allograft (G) (n = 10) and allograft + ESWT (GE) (n = 10). On days 3, 5, and 7 after the grafting, rats in the GE group received ESWT involving 200 pulses with an energy flux density of 0.19 mJ/mm2. Five rats in each group were sacrificed at the end of week 4 and at the end of week 8. Defect areas were examined radiologically by performing high-resolution computed tomography and stereologically by using the Cavalieri method. Obtained data were compared by performing statistical analysis. Radiological evaluation showed that bone density was higher in rats in the G group than in those in the GE group at week 4. In contrast, bone density was higher in rats in the GE group than in those in the G group at week 8. Stereological examination showed that new bone, connective tissue, and capillary volumes were higher in rats in the GE group than in those in the G group at both weeks 4 and 8. The authors’ results indicate that repeated doses of ESWT accelerate the healing of bone defects repaired using allogenic bone grafts.
Anthropometric Facial Changes After Orthognathic Surgery and Their Relation With Oral Health Related Quality of Life
Authors: Geramy Allahyar , Sheikhzadeh Sedigheh , Jalali Yasamin Farajzadeh , Nazarifar Arezoo Mazaheri 
Published: February 2019

Purpose:
The aim of the present study was to determine the impacts of orthognathic surgery on soft tissue on frontal and profile views and their relation with patient's quality of life.

Methods:
Twenty-nine patients with severe skeletal class III malocclusion who were candidate for bimaxillary orthognathic surgery consisted of 1-piece Lefort I surgery with bilateral sagittal split osteotomy were selected. Oral health was assessed by short from of Oral Health Impact Profile-14 questionnaire. Facial anthropometric measurements were conducted before starting any treatment and 6 months after orthognathic surgery according to Farkas anthropometric study. The correlation between facial changes due to treatment and oral health were tested by Pearson correlation analysis.

Results:
No significant differences were observed in Oral Health Impact Profile-14 scores with regard to genders. Decreased vermilion total upper lip height index correlates positively with feeling difficult to relax. Increasing in medial-lateral cutaneous upper lip height index correlates negatively with dissatisfaction with diet. Increased upper face–face height index correlates positively with feeling uncomfortable to eat any foods and feeling a bit irritable with other people.

Conclusion:
Oral health-related quality of life can be affected not only by the objective aesthetic criterion but also by different factors like their attitude toward aesthetic, surgery side effects.
Change of Cerebral Blood Flow After a Successful Pharmacological Treatment of Phantom Bite Syndrome: A Case Report
Authors: Umezaki Yojiro , Tu Trang T. H. , Toriihara Akira , Sato Yusuke , Naito Toru , Toyofuku Akira 
Published: February 2019

Background
“Phantom bite syndrome,” a persistent complaint of an uncomfortable bite sensation with no obvious occlusal abnormal finding, recently was suggested to be related with central nervous system dysfunction. Here, we report a case of phantom bite syndrome in which the occlusal discomfort was improved with mirtazapine and aripiprazole combination parallel with regional cerebral blood flow change.

Case report
A 60-year-old-female patient came to our clinic with the chief complaint of a “loosely bite” after dental treatment and various uncomfortable sensations of body sites. One year after the medication therapy, the prosthodontic retreatment was carried out successfully, and a good outcome was obtained for over 24 months so far. In addition, a subsequent change of regional cerebral blood flow was observed in single-photon emission computed tomography: the right and left asymmetry of cerebral blood flow in the frontal lobe has disappeared along with the improvement to the symptoms improvement.

Conclusions
This case suggests that some central nervous system dysfunction involving dopaminergic system might be related to the pathophysiology of phantom bite syndrome.
Influence of Organic Matrix and Cations on Bio-Methane Yield with Anthracite Methanogenic Consortium
Authors: Xiao Dong , Wang Enyuan , Zhang Yidong 
Published: February 2019

AbstractOrganic compounds fermentation of coal has been used to generate secondary biogenic gas and enhance gas reservoirs in coalbed. To enhance the bio-degradation process, culture nutrition plays an important role in remediating the nutritional deficiency of the coal seam. The influence of bio-methane yield with organic inputs and cations concentrations was examined. Research of organic matrix influence revealed that the traditional organic material except yeast extract should forbid, and the input of yeast extract should limit at 1.00g/L also. Further, the study demonstrated that the ion concentration of sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium and ammonia nitrogen also influenced methane and carbon dioxide yields. And the optimize concentrations for Ca2+, K+, Na+, Mg2+ were 5.1, 1.7, 23 and 1.3 mmol/L. The Mg2+ was particularly sensitive in inhibiting CH4 metabolism processes largely for gas-coal methanogenic consortium.
Deep behavioural phenotyping reveals divergent trajectories of ageing and quantifies health state inC. elegans
Authors: Martineau Céline N. , Baskaner Bora , Seinstra Renée I. , Schafer William R. , Brown André E. X. , Nollen Ellen A. A. , Laurent Patrick 
Published: February 2019

AbstractNeurodegenerative diseases may be the cause or the consequence of an acceleration of physiological ageing. Evidence for this concept is lacking due to practical limitations of human studies. Here, we compared the processes of physiological and pathological ageing of individualC. elegansover their lifespan. Using multi-parametric phenotyping, trajectories of ageing can be defined within a phenotypic landscape made of a large set of phenotypical features. Rather than an acceleration of ageing, a model for synucleinopathy showed a divergent trajectory of ageing. The pathological progression in individual animals can be predicted from early phenotypes with high accuracy. Despite of similar lifespans, disease-model worms display an early onset of decline in their phenotypic range of ability. This loss of flexibility provides an index of health valid for physiological and pathological contexts. Finally, we demonstrate the power of multi-parametric dataset to describe ageing, to quantify health and to predict specific health risks.
Systemic immune response profiling with SYLARAS implicates a role for CD45R/B220+CD8+T cells in glioblastoma immunology
Authors: Baker Gregory J. , Muhlich Jeremy L. , Palaniappan Sucheendra K. , Moore Jodene K. , Davis Stephanie H. , Santagata Sandro , Sorger Peter K. 
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACTAccurately profiling systemic immune responses to cancer initiation and progression is necessary for understanding tumor surveillance and, ultimately, improving therapy. Here, we describe the SYLARAS software tool (SYstemicLymphoidArchitectureResponseASsessment) and a data set collected with SYLARAS that describes the frequencies of immune cells in primary and secondary lymphoid organs and in the tumor microenvironment of mice engrafted with a standard syngeneic glioblastoma (GBM) model. The data resource involves profiles of 5 lymphoid tissues in 48 mice and shows that GBM causes wide-spread changes in the local and systemic immune architecture. We perform in-depth analysis of one significant tumor-induced change: depletion of a specialized subset of CD45R/B220+CD8+T cells from the circulation and their accumulation in the tumor mass. Immunoprofiling of tissue microarrays demonstrates the presence of similar cells in human GBM.
The dopamine receptor D5gene shows signs of independent erosion in Toothed and Baleen whales
Authors: Alves Luís Q. , Alves Juliana , Ribeiro Rodrigo , Ruivo Raquel , Castro L. Filipe C. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractTo compare genelociconsidering a phylogenetic framework is a promising approach to uncover the genetic basis of human diseases. Imbalance of dopaminergic systems is suspected to underlie some emerging neurological disorders. The physiological functions of dopamine are transduced via G-protein-coupled receptors, including DRD5which displays a relatively higher affinity towards dopamine. Importantly, DRD5knockout mice are hypertense, a condition emerging from an increase in sympathetic tone. We investigated the evolution of DRD5, a high affinity receptor for dopamine, in mammals. Surprisingly, among 124 investigated mammalian genomes, we found that Cetacea lineages (Mysticeti and Odontoceti) have independently lost this gene, as well as the burrowingChrysochloris asiatica (Cape golden mole).We suggest that DRD5inactivation parallels hypoxia-induced adaptations, such as peripheral vasoconstriction required for deep-diving in Cetacea, in accordance with the convergent evolution of vasoconstrictor genes in hypoxia-exposed animals. Our findings indicate that Cetacea are natural knockouts for DRD5and might offer valuable insights into the mechanisms of some forms of vasoconstriction responses and hypertension in humans.
High sampling effectiveness for non-bee pollinators using vane traps in both open and wooded habitats
Authors: Hall Mark A. , Reboud Eliette L. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractNon-bee insects are important for pollination, yet few studies have assessed the effectiveness of sampling these taxa using low cost passive techniques, such as coloured vane traps, among different habitat types.This study sampled 192 sites—108 in wooded and 84 in open habitats within an agricultural region of southern Australia. Pairs of blue and yellow vane traps were placed at each site for a period of seven days during the austral spring.Overall, 3114 flies (Diptera) from 19 families and 528 wasps (non-bee and non-formicid Hymenoptera) from 16 families were collected during the study. This sampling was representative of the region, with vane traps equally or more likely to collect as many families from both taxa as those reported on the Atlas of Living Australia (ALA) database for the sampling area.Blue vane taps (BVTs) had greater average richness of both flies and wasps and greater abundance of individuals than yellow vane traps (YVTs). BVTs were particularly favoured by certain fly and wasp families known to pollinate flowers (e.g. Syrphidae, Bombyliidae and Scoliidae), whilst YVTs sampled some less common fly families, such as Acroceridae and Bibionidae that also provide additional ecosystem services to pollination.Vane traps are an effective passive sampling technique for non-bee pollinators, such as flies and wasps. This study supports the use of vane traps as a component of the sampling protocol for ecological census and population monitoring within multiple habitat types, to effectively sample a more complete pollinator community.
Transcriptomic analysis of human and mouse muscle during hyperinsulinemia demonstrates insulin receptor downregulation as a mechanism for insulin resistance
Authors: Cen Haoning Howard , Botezelli José Diego , Wang Su , Noursadeghi Nilou , Jessen Niels , Timmons James A. , Johnson James D. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractHyperinsulinemia is commonly viewed as a compensatory response to insulin resistance, yet studies have suggested that chronically elevated insulin may also drive insulin resistance. The molecular mechanisms underpinning this potentially cyclic process remain poorly defined, especially on a transcriptome-wide level. To study the direct effects of prolonged exposure to excess insulin in muscle cells, we incubated C2C12 myotubes with elevated insulin for 16 hours, followed by 6 hours of serum starvation, and established that acute AKT and ERK signaling were attenuated in this model of in vitro hyperinsulinemia. Global RNA-sequencing of cells both before and after nutrient withdrawal highlighted genes in the insulin signaling, FOXO signaling, and glucose metabolism pathways indicative of ‘hyperinsulinemia’ and ‘starvation’ programs. We observed that hyperinsulinemia led to a substantial reduction in insulin receptor (Insr) gene expression, and subsequently a reduced surface INSR and total INSR protein, both in vitro and in vivo. Transcriptomic meta-analysis in >450 human samples demonstrated that fasting insulin reliably and negatively correlated with insulin receptor (INSR) mRNA in skeletal muscle. Bioinformatic modeling combined with RNAi, identified SIN3A as a negative regulator of Insr mRNA (and JUND, MAX, and MXI as positive regulators of Irs2 mRNA). Together, our analysis identifies novel mechanisms which may explain the cyclic processes underlying hyperinsulinemia-induced insulin resistance in muscle, a process directly relevant to the etiology and disease progression of type 2 diabetes.