bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Un autoanálisis crítico para docentes de la enseñanza bilingüe: Ideología, pedagogía, acceso y equidad (IPAE)
Authors: Alfaro Cristina , Hernández Ana 
Published: July 2019

El crecimiento exponencial de los programas de Educación de Lenguaje Dual (DLE) en los Estados Unidos ha hecho aún más evidente la apremiante necesidad de auto examiner críticamente la conciencia didáctica y fundamental sobre la equidad y la justicia social (Darder, 2015; Valenzuela, 2016). Un autoanálisis con el marco teórico que incluye los cuatro principios en la Ideología, Pedagogía, Acceso y Equidad (IPAE) puede impulsar a los educadores a examinar preguntas arduas que causan reflexión y razonamiento sobre sus creencias y didácticas. Históricamente, dadas ideologías han existido enraizadas profundamente en el monolingüismo, la asimilación y la falta de respeto al estudiante bilingüe. En cambio atribuye a la preparación del docente y al desarrollo profesional sobre la claridad ideological, el propósito pedagógico, el acceso a la educación y la transformación de la equidad en el plan de estudios o procesos de instrucción. En este artículo afirmamos como la conciencia crítica y la praxis conducen la equidad y son equivalentemente importantes en la formación docente, inclusivamente su conocimiento de técnicas y metodología para la alfabetización bilingüe.
Advanced Learning and Teaching Environments - Innovation, Contents and Methods. Núria Llevot Calvet y Olga Bernad Cavero (Eds.)
Authors: Vigo Arrazola Begoña 
Published: July 2019

Actualmente, encuadrada en una sociedad cambiante, plural y diversa, e inmersa también en incesantes procesos de cambio y paradojas, la escuela y el profesorado ha de dar respuesta a múltiples y complejos desafíos. Uno de estos es equipar a docentes y alumnado con las competencias necesarias para afrontar con éxito un futuro incierto y ayudarlos a construir identidades flexibles y complejas en el sino de una ciudadanía democrática, que tiene su epicentro en la escuela. Y una de las herramientas para conseguir estos ambiciosos objetivos, son las tecnologías de la información y el conocimiento.
SpeciesPrimer: A bioinformatics pipeline dedicated to the design of qPCR primers for the quantification of bacterial species
Authors: Dreier Matthias , Berthoud Hélène , Shani Noam , Wechsler Daniel , Junier Pilar 
Published: July 2019

Background. Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) is a well-established method for detecting and quantifying bacteria, and it is progressively replacing culture-based diagnostic methods in food microbiology. High-throughput qPCR using microfluidics brings further advantages by providing faster results, decreasing the costs per sample and reducing errors due to automatic distribution of samples and reactants. In order to develop a high-throughput qPCR approach for the rapid and cost-efficient quantification of microbial species in a given system (for instance, cheese), the preliminary setup of qPCR assays working efficiently under identical PCR conditions is required. Identification of target-specific nucleotide sequences and design of specific primers are the most challenging steps in this process. To date, most available tools for primer design require either laborious manual manipulation or high-performance computing systems.
Results. We developed the SpeciesPrimer pipeline for automated high-throughput screening of species-specific target regions and the design of dedicated primers. Using SpeciesPrimer specific primers were designed for four bacterial species of importance in cheese quality control, namely Enterococcus faecium, Enterococcus faecalis, Pediococcus acidilactici and Pediococcus pentosaceus. Selected primers were first evaluated in silico and subsequently in vitro using DNA from pure cultures of a variety of strains found in dairy products. Specific qPCR assays were developed and validated, satisfying the criteria of inclusivity, exclusivity and amplification efficiencies.
Conclusion. In this work, we present the SpeciesPrimer pipeline, a tool to design species-specific primers for the detection and quantification of bacterial species. We use SpeciesPrimer to design qPCR assays for four bacterial species and describe a workflow to evaluate the designed primers. SpeciesPrimer facilitates efficient primer design for species-specific quantification, paving the way for a fast and accurate quantitative investigation of microbial communities.
Investigating the physiological responses of Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei to acute cold-stress
Authors: Wang Zhenlu , Qu Yuexin , Zhuo Xiaolei , Li Junyi , Zou Jixing , Fan Lanfen 
Published: July 2019

Background
Litopenaeus vannamei is one of the most important aquaculture shrimps in the world and low temperatures present a serious challenge to its survival, growth, and distribution.

Methods
To investigate their physiological responses during acute cold-stress, L. vannamei were treated under acute cooling conditions from 28 to 13 °C with a cooling rate of 2.5 °C/2 h and were maintained at 13 °C for 12 h. Plasma metabolite concentrations, histological changes, and relative gene expression related to the unfolded protein response (UPR) pathway and apoptosis in the hepatopancreas and the hemocytes of L. vannamei were investigated.

Results
The results revealed that the concentrations of triglycerides, total cholesterol, and total protein in plasma reached their peaks at 23 °C, and then decreased to their minimum values at 13 °C for 12 h. The activity of alkaline phosphatase in the plasma decreased to its lowest level while the activity of alanine aminotransferase increased to its highest level at 13 °C for 12 h. The hepatic tubules became necrotic and the basement membranes were ruptured at 13 °C for 12 h. The gene expression related to UPR and apoptosis in the hepatopancreas and hemocytes was significantly altered by the decrease in the temperature.

Discussion
The results revealed that acute cold-stress caused histological damage in the hepatopancreas of L. vannamei, reducing its immunity. The three UPR pathways were involved in the process of acute cold-stress and the response of activating transcription factor 6 to UPR may be faster and more directthan the IRE1 and PERK pathways.
Adaptive finite‐time stabilization of stochastic nonlinear systems with the powers of positive odd rational numbers
Authors: Jiang Mengmeng , Xie Xue‐Jun 
Published: July 2019

SummaryIn this paper, we give some new results on finite‐time stabilization for stochastic nonlinear systems whose powers of integrators are all positive odd rational numbers (ie, numerators and denominators of the powers are all positive odd integers) but not necessary only high order or low order. By adopting new conditions on drift and diffusion terms, Lyapunov function, and controller design method, a state feedback controller is designed to guarantee stochastic nonlinear systems finite‐time stable in probability. Moreover, when unknown parameters exist in systems, we give the adaptive finite‐time state feedback controller. Numerical examples demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed results.
All‐Solid‐State Asymmetric Supercapacitors with Metal Selenides Electrodes and Ionic Conductive Composites Electrolytes
Authors: Chen Zhiyuan , Yang Yongrui , Ma Zhihao , Zhu Tao , Liu Lei , Zheng Jie , Gong Xiong 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAll‐solid‐state flexible asymmetric supercapacitors (ASCs) are developed by utilization of graphene nanoribbon (GNR)/Co0.85Se composites as the positive electrode, GNR/Bi2Se3 composites as the negative electrode, and polymer‐grafted‐graphene oxide membranes as solid‐state electrolytes. Both GNR/Co0.85Se and GNR/Bi2Se3 composite electrodes are developed by a facile one‐step hydrothermal growth method from graphene oxide nanoribbons as the nucleation framework. The GNR/Co0.85Se composite electrode exhibits a specific capacity of 76.4 mAh g−1 at a current density of 1 A g−1 and the GNR/Bi2Se3 composite electrode exhibits a specific capacity of 100.2 mAh g−1 at a current density of 0.5 A g−1. Moreover, the stretchable membrane solid‐state electrolytes exhibit superior ionic conductivity of 108.7 mS cm−1. As a result, the flexible ASCs demonstrate an operating voltage of 1.6 V, an energy density of 30.9 Wh kg−1 at the power density of 559 W kg−1, and excellent cycling stability with 89% capacitance retention after 5000 cycles. All these results demonstrate that this study provides a simple, scalable, and efficient approach to fabricate high performance flexible all‐solid‐state ASCs for energy storage.
Genome‐Wide CRISPR‐Cas9 Screening Identifies NF‐κB/E2F6 Responsible for EGFRvIII‐Associated Temozolomide Resistance in Glioblastoma
Authors: Huang Kai , Liu Xing , Li Yansheng , Wang Qixue , Zhou Junhu , Wang Yunfei , Dong Feng , Yang Chao , Sun Zhiyan , Fang Chuan , Liu Chaoyong , Tan Yanli , Wu Xudong , Jiang Tao , Kang Chunsheng 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAmplification of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and active mutant EGFRvIII occurs frequently in glioblastoma (GBM) and contributes to chemo/radio‐resistance in various cancers, especially in GBM. Elucidating the underlying molecular mechanism of temozolomide (TMZ) resistance in GBM could benefit cancer patients. A genome‐wide screening under a clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)‐Cas9 library is conducted to identify the genes that confer resistance to TMZ in EGFRvIII‐expressing GBM cells. Deep sgRNA sequencing reveals 191 candidate genes that are responsible for TMZ resistance in EGFRvIII‐expressing GBM cells. Notably, E2F6 is proven to drive a TMZ resistance, and E2F6 expression is controlled by the EGFRvIII/AKT/NF‐κB pathway. Furthermore, E2F6 is shown as a promising therapeutic target for TMZ resistance in orthotopic GBM cell line xenografts and GBM patient‐derived xenografts models. After integrating clinical data with paired primary–recurrent RNA sequencing data from 134 GBM patients who received TMZ treatment after surgery, it has been revealed that the E2F6 expression level is a predictive marker for TMZ response. Therefore, the inhibition of E2F6 is a promising strategy to conquer TMZ resistance in GBM.
Supercritical Fluid‐Facilitated Exfoliation and Processing of 2D Materials
Authors: Sun Zhenyu , Fan Qun , Zhang Mingli , Liu Shizhen , Tao Hengcong , Texter John 
Published: July 2019

AbstractSince the first intercalation of layered silicates by using supercritical CO2 as a processing medium, considerable efforts have been dedicated to intercalating and exfoliating layered two‐dimensional (2D) materials in various supercritical fluids (SCFs) to yield single‐ and few‐layer nanosheets. Here, recent work in this area is highlighted. Motivating factors for enhancing exfoliation efficiency and product quality in SCFs, mechanisms for exfoliation and dispersion in SCFs, as well as general metrics applied to assess quality and processability of exfoliated 2D materials are critically discussed. Further, advances in formation and application of 2D material–based composites with assistance from SCFs are presented. These discussions address chemical transformations accompanying SCF processing such as doping, covalent surface modification, and heterostructure formation. Promising features, challenges, and routes to expanding SCF processing techniques are described.
Inner‐Evaporator Modification of Low‐Cost Metal Electrodes of Organic Field‐Effect Transistors by 2D Polyporphyrin
Authors: Yi Kongyang , Chen Xiaosong , Zhao Yan , Liu Yunqi , Wei Dacheng 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe mismatch of energy alignment of low‐cost metals with organic semiconductors requires interfacial modification of the electrodes in organic field‐effect transistors (OFETs). However, traditional methods involve chemicals and operations that introduce potential contaminations or damages to the device, which deteriorate the device performance. Here, an inner‐evaporator modification method using ultrathin polyporphyrin film (≈1.1 nm) as the interlayer between semiconductor and Ag or Cu electrode is developed. Both the modification and device fabrication are processed simultaneously in the high‐vacuum environment of the thermal evaporator. After the contamination‐free modification, the contact resistance decreases by 2–3 orders of magnitude, and the field‐effect mobility of pentacene is one of the highest values among pentacene thin‐film bottom‐contact OFETs based on modified Ag/Cu electrodes, comparable to that of modified Au electrodes. Owing to its simplicity, efficiency in improving device performance, and compatibility with OFET fabrication process, this method has great potential for application in future organic electronics with low‐cost metal electrodes.
Thick Electrode Batteries: Principles, Opportunities, and Challenges
Authors: Kuang Yudi , Chen Chaoji , Kirsch Dylan , Hu Liangbing 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe ever‐growing portable electronics and electric vehicle markets heavily influence the technological revolution of lithium batteries (LBs) toward higher energy densities for longer standby times or driving range. Thick electrode designs can substantially improve the electrode active material loading by minimizing the inactive component ratio at the device level, providing a great platform for enhancing the overall energy density of LBs. However, extensive efforts are still needed to address the challenges that accompany the increase in electrode thickness, not limited to sluggish charge kinetics and electrode mechanical instability. In this review, the principles and the recent developments in the fabrication of thick electrodes that focus on low‐tortuosity structural designs for rapid charge transport and integrated cell configuration for improved energy density, cell stability, and durability are summarized. Advanced thick electrode designs for application in emerging battery chemistries such as lithium metal electrodes, solid state electrolytes, and lithium–air batteries are also discussed with a perspective on their future opportunities and challenges. Finally, suggestions on the future directions of thick electrode battery development and research are suggested.
Fast Oxygen Reduction Catalyzed by a Copper(II) Tris(2‐pyridylmethyl)amine Complex through a Stepwise Mechanism
Authors: Langerman Michiel , Hetterscheid Dennis G. H. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractCatalytic pathways for the reduction of dioxygen can either lead to the formation of water or peroxide as the reaction product. We demonstrate that the electrocatalytic reduction of O2 by the pyridylalkylamine copper complex [Cu(tmpa)(L)]2+ in a neutral aqueous solution follows a stepwise 4 e−/4 H+ pathway, in which H2O2 is formed as a detectable intermediate and subsequently reduced to H2O in two separate catalytic reactions. These homogeneous catalytic reactions are shown to be first order in catalyst. Coordination of O2 to CuI was found to be the rate‐determining step in the formation of the peroxide intermediate. Furthermore, electrochemical studies of the reaction kinetics revealed a high turnover frequency of 1.5×105 s−1, the highest reported for any molecular copper catalyst.
Biological Nicotinamide Cofactor as a Redox‐Active Motif for Reversible Electrochemical Energy Storage
Authors: Kim Jihyeon , Ko Sunghyun , Noh Chanwoo , Kim Heechan , Lee Sechan , Kim Dodam , Park Hyeokjun , Kwon Giyun , Son Giyeong , Ko Jong Wan , Jung YounJoon , Lee Dongwhan , Park Chan Beum , Kang Kisuk 
Published: July 2019

AbstractNicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is one of the most well‐known redox cofactors carrying electrons. Now, it is reported that the intrinsically charged NAD+ motif can serve as an active electrode in electrochemical lithium cells. By anchoring the NAD+ motif by the anion incorporation, redox activity of the NAD+ is successfully implemented in conventional batteries, exhibiting the average voltage of 2.3 V. The operating voltage and capacity are tunable by altering the anchoring anion species without modifying the redox center itself. This work not only demonstrates the redox capability of NAD+, but also suggests that anchoring the charged molecules with anion incorporation is a viable new approach to exploit various charged biological cofactors in rechargeable battery systems.
Simple ultrasensitive spectrofluorimetric method for determination of midodrine in its tablet form: Application to content uniformity testing
Authors: Omar Mahmoud A. , Nagy Dalia M. , Halim Monica E. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractA novel, simple, sensitive method was developed for determining midodrine spectrofluorimetrically in both its raw pure form and its tablet form. This study is based on the native fluorescence of midodrine and discusses the optimum solvent used and the wavelength range. The presented method was then validated with respect to linearity, accuracy, precision, and limits of detection and quantitation. The constructed calibration curve showed a linear range of 0.1–2.0 μg/ml. The limit of detection and limit of quantitation values were 0.03 and 0.10 μg/ml respectively. Finally, content uniformity testing was applied according to the United States Pharmacopoeia by adapting the presented method.
Mortality after liver surgery in Germany
Authors: Filmann N , Walter D , Schadde E , Bruns C , Keck T , Lang H , Oldhafer K , Schlitt H J , Schön M R , Herrmann E , Bechstein W O , Schnitzbauer A A 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Background
Mortality rates after liver surgery are not well documented in Germany. More than 1000 hospitals offer liver resection, but there is no central regulation of infrastructure requirements or outcome quality.

Methods
Hospital mortality rates after liver resection were analysed using the standardized hospital discharge data (Diagnosis-Related Groups, ICD-10 and German operations and procedure key codes) provided by the Research Data Centre of the Federal Statistical Office and Statistical Offices of the Länder in Wiesbaden, Germany.

Results
A total of 110 332 liver procedures carried out between 2010 and 2015 were identified. The overall hospital mortality rate for all resections was 5·8 per cent. The mortality rate among 17 574 major hepatic procedures was 10·4 per cent. Patients who had surgery for colorectal liver metastases (CRLMs) had the lowest mortality rate among those with malignancy (5·5 per cent), followed by patients with gallbladder cancer (7·1 per cent), hepatocellular carcinoma (9·3 per cent) and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (11·0 per cent). Patients with extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma had the highest mortality rate (14·6 per cent). The mortality rate for extended hepatectomy was 16·2 per cent and the need for a biliodigestive anastomosis increased this to 25·5 per cent. Failure to rescue after complications led to mortality rates of more than 30 per cent in some subgroups. There was a significant volume–outcome relationship for CRLM surgery in very high-volume centres (mean 26–60 major resections for CRLMs per year). The mortality rate was 4·6 per cent in very high-volume centres compared with 7·5 per cent in very low-volume hospitals (odds ratio 0·60, 95 per cent c.i. 0·42 to 0·77; P &lt; 0·001).

Conclusion
This analysis of outcome data after liver resection in Germany suggests that hospital mortality remains high. There should be more focused research to understand, improve or justify factors leading to this result, and consideration of centralization of liver surgery.
Enhancing Electrocatalytic Activity through Liquid‐Phase Exfoliation of NiFe Layered Double Hydroxide Intercalated with Metal Phthalocyanines in the Presence of Graphene
Authors: Morales Dulce M. , Barwe Stefan , Vasile Eugeniu , Andronescu Corina , Schuhmann Wolfgang 
Published: July 2019

AbstractEarth‐abundant transition‐metal‐based catalysts are attractive for alkaline water electrolysis. However, their catalytic properties are often limited by their poor electrical conductivity. Here, we present a strategy for enhancing the electrical conductivity of NiFe layered double hydroxide (LDH) in order to further improve its properties as an electrocatalyst for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in alkaline media. We show that NiFe LDH containing metal tetrasulfonate phthalocyanine in the interlayers between the NiFe oxide galleries can be coupled with graphene during liquid‐phase exfoliation by taking advantage of their π‐π stacking capabilities. A substantial enhancement in the electrocatalytic activity of NiFe LDH with respect to the OER was observed. Moreover, the activity and selectivity of the catalyst materials towards the oxygen reduction reaction were investigated, demonstrating that both the metal hydroxide layer and the interlayer species contribute to the electrocatalytic performance of the composite material.
Behavioral responses to conspecific mobbing calls are predator‐specific in great tits (Parus major)
Authors: Kalb Nadine , Randler Christoph 
Published: July 2019

AbstractWhen facing a predator, animals need to perform an appropriate antipredator behavior such as escaping or mobbing to prevent predation. Many bird species exhibit distinct mobbing behaviors and vocalizations once a predator has been detected. In some species, mobbing calls transmit information about predator type, size, and threat, which can be assessed by conspecifics. We recently found that great tits (Parus major) produce longer D calls with more elements and longer intervals between elements when confronted with a sparrowhawk, a high‐threat predator, in comparison to calls produced in front of a less‐threatening tawny owl. In the present study, we conducted a playback experiment to investigate if these differences in mobbing calls elicit different behavioral responses in adult great tits. We found tits to have a longer latency time and to keep a greater distance to the speaker when sparrowhawk mobbing calls were broadcast. This suggests that tits are capable of decoding information about predator threat in conspecific mobbing calls. We further found a tendency for males to approach faster and closer than females, which indicates that males are willing to take higher risks in a mobbing context than females.