bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Numerical solutions of nonlinear fractional model arising in the appearance of the strip patterns in two-dimensional systems
Authors: Kumar Sunil , Kumar Amit , Momani Shaher , Aldhaifallah Mujahed , Nisar Kottakkaran Sooppy 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The main aim of this paper is to present a comparative study of modified analytical technique based on auxiliary parameters and residual power series method (RPSM) for Newell–Whitehead–Segel (NWS) equations of arbitrary order. The NWS equation is well defined and a famous nonlinear physical model, which is characterized by the presence of the strip patterns in two-dimensional systems and application in many areas such as mechanics, chemistry, and bioengineering. In this paper, we implement a modified analytical method based on auxiliary parameters and residual power series techniques to obtain quick and accurate solutions of the time-fractional NWS equations. Comparison of the obtained solutions with the present solutions reveal that both powerful analytical techniques are productive, fruitful, and adequate in solving any kind of nonlinear partial differential equations arising in several physical phenomena. We addressed $L_{2}$

L
2

and $L_{\infty }$

L
∞

norms in both cases. Through error analysis and numerical simulation, we have compared approximate solutions obtained by two present aforesaid methods and noted excellent agreement. In this study, we use the fractional operators in Caputo sense.
A delayed e-epidemic SLBS model for computer virus
Authors: Zhang Zizhen , Kumari Sangeeta , Upadhyay Ranjit Kumar 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
We propose an e-epidemic time-delay Susceptible-Latent-Breaking out-Susceptible ($SLBS$
S
L
B
S
) model to study delay dynamics appearing due to antivirus software, which takes time to clean the viruses from latent and breaking-out computers. We perform nonlinear stability analysis, Hopf bifurcation analysis, and its direction and stability. Numerical simulation results (time series analysis and bifurcation diagram) give useful insights for delay dynamics. We investigate the effect of the control parameters like rate of infection of all the classes and cure rates on the model system. Our results suggest that time delay is responsible for destabilizing the system dynamics. For smooth functionality of a computer system, our results suggest the minimum use of removable storage devices like smart phones, optical discs, memory cards, external hard disk, digital cameras, and so on and use of effective antivirus softwares.
Protecting the grid topology and user consumption patterns during state estimation in smart grids based on data obfuscation
Authors: Nandakumar Lakshminarayanan , Tillem Gamze , Erkin Zekeriya , Keviczky Tamas 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Smart grids promise a more reliable, efficient, economically viable, and environment-friendly electricity infrastructure for the future. State estimation in smart grids plays a pivotal role in system monitoring, reliable operation, automation, and grid stabilization. However, the power consumption data collected from the users during state estimation can be privacy-sensitive. Furthermore, the topology of the grid can be exploited by malicious entities during state estimation to launch attacks without getting detected. Motivated by the essence of a secure state estimation process, we consider a weighted-least-squares estimation carried out batch-wise at repeated intervals, where the resource-constrained clients utilize a malicious cloud for computation services. We propose a secure masking protocol based on data obfuscation that is computationally efficient and successfully verifiable in the presence of a malicious adversary. Simulation results show that the state estimates calculated from the original and obfuscated dataset are exactly the same while demonstrating a high level of obscurity between the original and the obfuscated dataset both in time and frequency domain.
Comparison of solar power measurements in alpine areas using a mobile dual-axis tracking system
Authors: Karpić Jelenko , Sharma Ekanki , Khatib Tamer , Elmenreich Wilfried 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The rising demand for sustainable energy requires to identify the sites for photovoltaic systems with the best performance. This paper tackles the question of feasibility of photovoltaic power plants at high altitude. A direct comparison between an alpine and an urban area site is conducted in the south of Austria. Two low-cost automatic photovoltaic power measurement devices with dual-axis sun tracking and maximum power point tracking are deployed at two test sites. The system periodically performs a scan over the southern semihemisphere and executes maximum power point adjustment in order to assess the performance for a given direction. The gathered data shows a higher photovoltaic power yield in the higher altitude test site. Furthermore, the high altitude photovoltaic power as a function of azimuth and elevation angle appears to be not only higher but also more flat than in lower altitudes. This indicates a lower power loss in case of deviation from the optimal solar angles. The results show that even on low-cost hardware a difference in photovoltaic power can be observed, even though in this experiment it amounts to less than 5% increase of peak power in higher altitudes. However, the measured peak powers on the mountain are more stable and therefore closer to a constant level than the heavily fluctuating peak power values at the low altitude site. Additionally, a slight shift in optimal elevation angles between altitudes can be observed, as the optimum angle turns out to be lower on the high altitude site. This angle shift could be caused by snow reflections on the mountainous test site.
Use of a computer simulator to investigate optimized tube voltage for chest imaging of average patients with a digital radiography (DR) imaging system
Authors: Moore Craig Steven , Wood Tim , Avery Ged , Balcam Steve , Needler Liam , Joshi Hiten , Ahmed Najeeb , Saunderson John , Beavis Andrew 
Published: September 2019

Objective:
The aim of this study was to investigate via computer simulation a proposed improvement to clinical practice by deriving an optimized tube voltage (kVp) range for digital radiography (DR) chest imaging.

Methods:
A digitally reconstructed radiograph algorithm was used which was capable of simulating DR chest radiographs containing clinically relevant anatomy. Five experienced image evaluators graded clinical image criteria, i.e. overall quality, rib, lung, hilar, spine, diaphragm and lung nodule in images of 20 patients at tube voltages across the diagnostic energy range. These criteria were scored against corresponding images of the same patient reconstructed at a specific reference kVp. Evaluators were blinded to kVp. Evaluator score for each criterion was modelled with a linear mixed effects algorithm and compared with the score for the reference image.

Results:
Score was dependent on tube voltage and image criteria in a statistically significant manner for both. Overall quality, hilar, diaphragm and spine criteria performed poorly at low and high tube voltages, peaking at 80–100 kVp. Lung and lung nodule demonstrated little variation. Rib demonstrated superiority at low kVp.

Conclusion:
A virtual clinical trial has been performed with simulated chest DR images. Results indicate mid-range tube voltages of 80–100 kVp are optimum for average adults.

Advances in knowledge:
There are currently no specific recommendations for optimized tube voltage parameters for DR chest imaging. This study, validated with images containing realistic anatomical noise, has investigated and recommended an optimal tube voltage range.
A luta das mulheres pela educação diante de questões que envolvem o mundo do trabalho, classe, etnia e gênero
Authors: Oliveira Kalina Gondim de , Zientarski Clarice 
Published: September 2019

O trabalho busca contribuir com o debate sobre a temática da luta das mulheres pelo direito à educação, evidenciando interações que envolvem Classe e Gênero. Trata-se de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental e, conclui que a luta das mulheres é a luta contra o capitalismo, o racismo, a precarização do trabalho e outras formas de discriminação.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Luta das Mulheres. Educação. Mundo do trabalho. Classe. Gênero.

ABSTRACT
The paper seeks to contribute to the debate on the theme of the struggle of women for the right to education, highlighting interactions involving Class and Gender. It is a bibliographical and documentary research and concludes that the struggle of women is the struggle against capitalism, racism, precarious work and other forms of discrimination.
KEYWORDS: Women's struggle. Education. World of Work. Class. Gender.
Acute and 28-day repeated dose oral toxicity study of caraway oil in rats
Authors: Auti Sandip T. , Kulkarni Yogesh A. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Background
Caraway oil (CO) obtained from the fruits of Carum carvi L. (Apiaceae) is used in traditional systems of medicine for various diseases. The present study was designed to evaluate the safety profile of CO by acute and repeated dose oral toxicity as per the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development guidelines 423 and 407, respectively.

Methods
In an acute toxicity study, a single dose of CO (300 and 2000 mg/kg) was given to female Wistar rats, and the animals were observed for signs of behavioral alterations, morbidity and mortality for 14 days. Repeated dose toxicity was performed at doses of 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg for 28 days in Wistar rats. The effects of CO on food and water intake, body weight, relative organ weight, clinical biochemistry, hematological parameters and urine parameters were studied. Gross necropsy and histopathology of vital organs were carried out.

Results
A single oral dose at 300 mg/kg CO did not show any signs of toxicity and mortality, while a dose of 2000 mg/kg showed signs of mortality in one animal and some signs of toxicity in another two animals. In the repeated dose toxicity study, CO at selected dose levels did not show any significant alterations in food and water intake, body weight and relative organ weight. Administration of CO did not show any significant changes in hematological, biochemical and urine parameters and histopathology study when compared with normal control animals.

Conclusions
The CO was found to be safe at all selected dose levels in the repeated dose toxicity study in rats.
The CELLmicrocosmos Tools: A Small History of Java-Based Cell and Membrane Modelling Open Source Software Development
Authors: Sommer Bjorn 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
For more than one decade, CELLmicrocosmos tools are being developed. Here, we discus some of the technical and administrative hurdles to keep a software suite running so many years. The tools were being developed during a number of student projects and theses, whereas main developers refactored and maintained the code over the years. The focus of this publication is laid on two Java-based Open Source Software frameworks. Firstly, the CellExplorer with the PathwayIntegration combines the mesoscopic and the functional level by mapping biological networks onto cell components using database integration. Secondly, the MembraneEditor enables users to generate membranes of different lipid and protein compositions using the PDB format. Technicalities will be discussed as well as the historical development of these tools with a special focus on group-based development. In this way, university-associated developers of Integrative Bioinformatics applications should be inspired to go similar ways. All tools discussed in this publication can be downloaded and installed from https://www.CELLmicrocosmos.org.
Single-cell RNA-Sequencing in Neuroscience
Authors: Mayer Simone , Khakipoor Shokoufeh , Drömer Maxim A. , Cozetto Daniel A. 
Published: September 2019

Summary
Technical innovations in the last decade have allowed to sequence transcriptomes of single cells. Single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) has since then opened the window to a deeper understanding of cellular identity and is becoming a widely used method in molecular biology. In neuroscience, scRNA-seq has broad applications, for example in determining cellular diversity in different brain regions and in revealing transcriptomic variations across brain disorders. The method consists of several steps: isolation and lysis of single cells, reverse transcription of RNAs, amplification of cDNAs, and next-generation sequencing. The large datasets can subsequently be analysed using different bioinformatic tools to deduce biological meaning. Current developments aim to integrate scRNA-seq into cellular network analysis through multimodal analysis, spatial localisation and perturbation experiments, in order to understand brain physiology and pathology.
Changing the kinetic order of enantiomer formation and distinguishing between iminium ion and imine as the reactive species in the asymmetric transfer hydrogenation of substituted imines using a cyclopentadienyl iridium (III) complex
Authors: Mwansa Joseph M. , Stirling Matthew J. , Page Michael I. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The iridium (III) complex of pentamethylcyclopentadiene and (S,S) or (R,R)-1,2-diphenyl-N′-tosylethane-1,2-diamine is an effective catalyst for the asymmetric transfer hydrogenation of imines under acidic conditions. However, the enantiomeric excess (ee) of the product amines from the reduction of 1-methyl-3,4-dihydroisoquinolines in either acetonitrile or dichloromethane, decreases exponentially. The dominant cause of the enantioselectivity is the difference in kinetic order of the formation of the two enantiomers with the S-enantiomer being formed in a first-order process whereas that for the R-enantiomer follows zero-order kinetics when (R,R)-TsDPEN is employed, due to different rate-limiting steps for the two processes. A series of 1-fluorinated methyl-3,4-dihydroisoquinolines were synthesised to change the rate-limiting dissociation of the (R) amine product from Ir (III) so that both enantiomers are formed with the same kinetic order. This results in almost complete removal of the enantioselectivity of the reduction. It has been suggested that reduction of imines using transition metal complexes occurs through the neutral imine rather than the more reactive iminium-ion. α-Substituted imines with electron-withdrawing groups make protonation more difficult but enhance the electrophilicity of the imine carbon facilitating nucleophilic attack. The pK
a of the iminium ions of 1-fluorinated methyl-3,4-dihydroisoquinolines were determined. Using the relative rates of the cyclopentadienyl iridium (III) complex catalysed reduction of these 1-fluorinated methyl-3,4-dihydroisoquinoline in acetonitrile and, under the acidic conditions of a 5:2 ratio of formic acid:triethylamine, showed that the iminium ion is the reactive species.
My journey in academia: things not on the CV
Authors: Wittung-Stafshede Pernilla 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
I am a professor at Chalmers University of Technology in Sweden. I trained in chemistry in Sweden but went to the USA for my postdoc. I remained there for 12 years, being faculty at two American universities, before I returned to Sweden for a professorship in the northern city of Umeå. More recently, I returned to my alma mater Chalmers University of Technology in Gothenburg, where I have taken on senior leadership roles. On paper, my career trajectory looks straightforward, but there are many detrimental aspects and lucky coincidences that are not listed on my CV. Life in academia is never easy, and one is never ‘done’. But working in academia is wonderful, as it provides so much freedom and creativity, including being very accommodating towards having kids. Here, I will describe my own personal journey, with the hope of inspiring young women to follow their own path in academia. Yes, there is still bias against women in academia, but change is happening, and the many benefits of being an academic beat such drawbacks.
The in vitro cytotoxicity, genotoxicity and oxidative damage potential of dapagliflozin, on cultured human blood cells
Authors: Çadırcı Kenan , Özdemir Tozlu Özlem , Türkez Hasan 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Objectives
Dapagliflozin (DAPA), is a potent SGLT-2 inhibitor for the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes. DAPA has a good clinical and biological tolerance profile. However little information is available on its potential effects on cultured human blood cells. The evaluation of the in vitro cytotoxicity, genotoxicity potential and antioxidant/oxidant activity of DAPA in primary human whole blood cell cultures was aimed in this study.

Materials and methods
Cell viability was measured by the MTT [3,(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage assays. The antioxidant/oxidant activity was determined by measuring the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and total oxidative stress (TOS) levels. To assess the genotoxicity of DAPA, chromosomal aberration (CA) frequencies were determined.

Results
MTT and LDH release assay exhibited that exposure to different doses of DAPA did not changed significantly the proliferation of cells. The results of TAC and TOS assays were showed that TAC level was elevated while TOS level did not altered in DAPA-treated cells. Moreover, any increase in the frequency of CA did not found on cultures blood cells.

Conclusion
These data indicate that DAPA has not cytotoxic and genotoxic potential in cultured human blood cells, also, induces the increasing antioxidant activity.
Changes in substrate utilization rates during 40 min of walking within the Fatmax range
Authors: Özdemir Ç , Özgünen K , Günaştı Ö , Eryılmaz SK , Kılcı A , Kurdak SS 
Published: September 2019

Background and aims
The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in fat oxidation rate during 40 min of continuous exercise and identify the intensity at the highest fat oxidation rate (Fatmax).

Methods
A total of 14 sedentary males with age, body height, weight, and BMI averages of 29.3 ± 0.7 years, 178.3 ± 1.7 cm, 81.1 ± 3.9 kg, and 25.4 ± 0.9 kg/m2, respectively, were included in the study. Fatmax was determined using an indirect calorimeter with an incremental treadmill walking test at least after 12 h of fasting. On a separate day, at least after 12 h of fasting, the participants walked for 40 min within their predetermined individual Fatmax heart rate and speed ranges.

Results
The initial fat oxidation rate was not sustained within the first 16 min of exercise and was reduced; however, carbohydrate oxidation reached a stable level after nearly 10 min.

Conclusions
In sedentary individuals, during low-intensity physical activity, fat oxidation rates may not be sustainable as expected from Fatmax testing. Therefore, when exercise is prescribed, one should consider that the fat oxidation rate might decrease in sedentary overweight individuals.
Правила, время и насилие в казарме: логика тотального института в переходный период
Authors: Бочаров Тимур Юрьевич 
Published: September 2019

В статье анализируется повседневная жизнь российской армии. В рамках теории тотальных институтов Эрвина Гоффмана обычно выделяют такие признаки социального порядка в армии как дихотомия формальных и неформальных правил, особая организация времени, высокий уровень насилия. В отличие от подобных исследований в статье рассматриваются правила, время и насилие не как внешне заданные характеристики, а как результат языковых практик и интерпретаций самих обитателей казармы. Подобная динамичная перспектива помогает понять, почему феномен дедовщины сохраняется в армии, несмотря на изменения институциальной среды. В частности, в исследовании показывается неразрывная связь формальных правил устава и неформальных правил дедовщины, которые в определенных ситуациях являются сторонами одной медали. Особое внимание уделяется тому, как изменение военной формы способствует выстраиванию символических границ и воспроизводству статусной иерархии в армии. Далее описываются социальные практики солдат, которые позволяют материализовывать время и делать его властным ресурсом. С переходом с двухлетнего на однолетний срок службы эти практики претерпели изменения, но продолжают сохранять свое значение. Наконец, предлагается ответ на вопрос, почему многие действия, однозначно воспринимаемые во внешнем мире как насильственные, не видятся таковыми в армии. Кроме того, анализируется роль в трансформации казарменного насилия видеокамеры смартфона, постепенно становящейся атрибутом армейской жизни. В частности, показано как факт видеосъемки зачастую определяет происходящее. В основу исследования легли наблюдения автора в период прохождения срочной службы, рассказы знакомых и случайных собеседников об этом, материалы армейских форумов. Для лучшего понимания специфики российской дедовщины предлагаются кросс-культурные сравнения с внешне схожим французским феноменом bizutage периода призывной службы.
EFFECTS OF PARENTING BEHAVIOURS ON PHYSICAL ACTIVITY OF TODDLERS WITH CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE
Authors: Khabibullina A. R. , Khayretdinova T. B. 
Published: September 2019

Aim To evaluate the effects of parenting behaviours on physical activity of toddlers after total repair of septal heart defects.Methods 80 patients who underwent total repair of CHD in the infancy were recruited in the study. The mean age at the interviewing and medical examination was 33.5±4.28 months (boys – 32 (46.0%), girls – 48 (60.0%). The functional status of the cardiovascular system was estimated using the exercise stress testing (10 squats per 20 seconds). Parenting behaviours were evaluated using the Varga-Stolin questionnaire.Results Adverse response to the exercise stress testing prevailed among toddlers with CHD. Recovery time did not exceed 5 minutes in both groups. None complaints in the study and control groups were recorded. Most parents of children with CHD followed authoritarian hypersocialization pattern (p = 0.046) demanding unconditional obedience and discipline as compared to parents of healthy children. More than a third of the families in the study group (38.1%) followed this behavior pattern and only six families in the control group (14.8%). Five families (18%) in the control group followed democratic behavior pattern given independence to their children. Physically inactive toddlers were more commonly found in the families with authoritarian behavior pattern.Conclusion Authoritarian hypersocialization pattern prevailed among parents of toddlers who suffered from septal heart defects. This type of parenting behaviour affected physical activity of toddlers.