bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Human papillomavirus: An unlikely etiologic factor in sinonasal inverted papilloma
Authors: Mohajeri Sepideh , Lai Chi , Purgina Bibianna , Almutairi Dakheelallah , Baghai Tabassom , Dimitroulakos Jim , Kilty Shaun 
Published: April 2018

Objectives/HypothesisTenuous evidence has supported the hypothesis that sinonasal inverted papilloma (SNIP) arise from human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. To clarify the role of HPV in SNIP, all known HPV sub‐types were evaluated by employing a robust polymerase chain reaction–based method in a wide variety of SNIPs from a single institution.Study DesignRetrospective surgical specimen tumor sample analysis.MethodsHPV positivity among SNIP samples and those with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) were compared. Immunohistochemistry was used to quantify p16 (over)expression among tumors as a surrogate marker for HPV.ResultsHPV was detected in 10/76 (13%) SNIP specimens. Identified HPV subtypes included nononcogenic 6 and 11 (6/76, 8%) and oncogenic 16, 18, 45, 56 (4/76, 5%). There was no HPV positivity among SCC samples. Only 4/10 (40%) HPV + samples had > 75% p16 cell staining.ConclusionHPV is not supported as an etiological driver of SNIP development or progression to SCC. The p16 biomarker is not a sensitive indicator of HPV positivity in SNIP.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 2443–2447, 2018
Multi‐100‐Watt Femtosecond Laser Perspectives
Authors: Hönninger Clemens , Audouard Eric 
Published: April 2018

AbstractFemtosecond lasers are today delivering output powers of several hundred watts. The challenge is to translate the available power into high throughput micromachining by combining the laser with fast scanning systems or multiple beam generation. Free triggering of the laser output pulses with good precision (also known as “pulse on demand”) is particularly useful for exploiting advanced functionalities of processing tools.
The Value of Metal Additve Manufacturing with Diode Lasers
Authors: Knothe Mirjam Tabea 
Published: April 2018

AbstractLaser powder bed fusion (LPBF) is an established additive manufacturing (AM) process for the production of metal components. Despite its great potential, the technology has not yet arrived in many small and medium enterprises. The article shows the potential of metal 3D printing with diode lasers to increase the customer value of market accessibility.
Gully erosion as a mechanism for wetland formation: An examination of two contrasting landscapes
Authors: Pulley Simon , Ellery William N. , Lagesse Juliette V. , Schlegel Philippa K. , McNamara Shaun J. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractWetlands occupy broad, gently sloping valleys characterised by net deposition. Consequently, gully incision is viewed as an agent of wetland destruction. However, little attention has been given to the role of gullies in natural wetland formation. This paper determines if gully cutting and filling cycles have led to wetland formation in both an extant eroding wetland and a semi‐arid environment that once supported wetlands. At both sites, the valley fill was investigated to identify infilled gullies, and a 14C date was obtained from the gully fill. The longitudinal slopes of the valley floor prior to incision, the valley bedrock floor, and the gully fill were also measured. In the Krom wetland, four infilled gullies (5–8.2 m deep) were found adjacent to alluvial fans and dated to 470–7060 bp. Ten infilled gullies were found at Zuurplaats (Karoo), which were more recent, although one gully started filling 1260 bp. At both sites, large gullies were grounded on bedrock. Alluvial fans deposited by tributaries cause a reduction in mainstem valley width and locally increase longitudinal slope, leading to gully initiation. The slope of the gully beds was less than the surface prior to erosion, and the slope of the gully fill was comparable with the valleys' regional slope. The bedrock on both valley floors had a near‐horizontal cross‐sectional profile, suggesting that repeated gully incisions had led to valley floor planing. A new model of wetland formation is proposed where gully cut‐and‐fill cycles laterally plane valley bottoms and contribute to valley widening and longitudinal slope reduction.
High Arctic coasts at risk—the case study of coastal zone development and degradation associated with climate changes and multidirectional human impacts in Longyearbyen (Adventfjorden, Svalbard)
Authors: Jaskólski Marek W. , Pawłowski Łukasz , Strzelecki Mateusz C. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractLongyearbyen is the major administrative, touristic, and scientific centre in Svalbard and so‐called ‘European Gateway’ to the Arctic. The number of inhabitants and tourists as well as community infrastructure has significantly expanded over the recent decade, and present‐day community faces development thresholds associated with climate warming and disturbance of cold region landscape. Coastal zone is a key interface where severe environmental changes impact directly on Longyearbyen infrastructure. We applied the combination of environmental assessment methods and geographic information system analyses together with field mapping to investigate the scale of degradation of coastal zone in Longyearbyen and examine the impact of coastal hazards on major elements of community infrastructure. Rate of observed coastal changes, the diversity of natural and man‐made hazards mapped along the coast, and observed damages in infrastructure suggest a need for coastal change monitoring and coastal protection in Longyearbyen. The part of the Longyearbyen coast that should be monitored and protected are sections spreading between new port and surroundings of Longyearelva delta significantly modified by coastal erosion and landsliding. In order to improve coastal zone protection and safety of town development, we present arguments supporting the incorporation of Longyearbyen into recently established Circum‐Arctic Coastal Communities Knowledge Network.
Insights on the Sargassum horneri golden tides in the Yellow Sea inferred from morphological and molecular data
Authors: Liu Feng , Liu Xingfeng , Wang Yu , Jin Zhe , Moejes Fiona Wanjiku , Sun Song 
Published: April 2018

AbstractLarge‐scale drifting Sargassum biomass, known as golden tides, has caused considerable damage to the local environment and economy associated with the Yellow Sea of China. To understand the reoccurrence of Sargassum horneri golden tides in the Yellow Sea, large‐scale spatio‐temporal sampling was performed across nine cruises and five coastal surveys. Morphological data indicated that the floating S. horneri thalli with differing reproductive timing coexisted in the Yellow Sea. A total of 196 S. horneri samples had identical sequences of partial cox3 and rbcL‐S spacer region, revealing very low genetic diversity in the floating biomass. A total of 19 haplotypes for partial cox3 previously found in the Yellow Sea were not detected in our large‐scale sampling. Based on four novel mtDNA markers, the 196 samples could be further distinguished into two forms, which varied in proportions at various locations, but coexisted in each of the spatio‐temporal sampling. These results indicated that the floating Sargassum biomass in the Yellow Sea came from only two dominating haplotypes. The novel findings uncovered by this work will provide further insight into the underlying mechanisms of reoccurring golden tides in the Yellow Sea, and lead to the improved management of the Sargassum biomass.
Intraurethral Erbium:YAG laser for the management of urinary symptoms of genitourinary syndrome of menopause: A pilot study
Authors: Gaspar Adrian , Maestri Sandra , Silva Joaquin , Brandi Hugo , Luque Daniel , Koron Neža , Vižintin Zdenko 
Published: April 2018

ObjectivesGenitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM) combines the conditions of vulvovaginal atrophy (VVA) and urinary tract dysfunction, which is a result of urethral atrophy. There are several treatment methods available for the management of vulvovaginal symptoms of GSM, whereas urinary tract dysfunction often remains overlooked and undertreated. The objective of this pilot study was to assess the safety and efficacy of intraurethral Er:YAG laser treatment of urinary symptoms of GSM.Patients and MethodsPatients with diagnosed GSM, having less than 5% of vaginal superficial cells in the cytology, vaginal pH higher than 5, with urinary symptoms of GSM (dysuria, frequency, urgency) and impaired continence due to urethral atrophy, received two sessions of intraurethral Er:YAG laser with a 3‐week interval in‐between the sessions. Laser energy was delivered in non‐ablative way using Erbium SMOOTH™ mode technology and a 4‐mm thick cannula. Therapeutic efficacy was determined using ICIQ‐SF, the 1‐hour pad test and VAS scores. Occurrence of adverse effects was followed at every visit. Follow ups (FU) were at 3 and 6 months.Results29 female patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria were included in this pilot study and received two sessions of the intraurethral non‐ablative Erbium SMOOTH™ laser therapy. Significant improvement was observed in all measured parameters at both FU. ICIQ‐SF improved by an average of 64% at 3 months FU and by 40% at 6 months. The 1‐hour pad test showed a reduction of the quantity of leaked urine by 59% at 3 months FU and by 42% at 6 months FU. All urinary symptoms of GSM improved. Dysuria dropped to 13% and 31% of baseline values at three and 6 months respectively, urinary urgency dropped to 23% and 47% and frequency dropped to 22% and 43% after 3 and 6 months, respectively. Adverse effects were mild and transient.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that intraurethral Er:YAG laser is an efficacious and safe modality for treatment of urinary symptoms of GSM, however, prospective, randomized, and controlled trials with larger number of patients are needed to better assess the long‐term effect of this novel procedure. Lasers Surg. Med. 50:802–807, 2018. © 2018 The Authors. Lasers in Surgery and Medicine Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Comparison of 10 efficient protocols for photodynamic therapy of actinic keratosis: How relevant are effective light dose and local damage in predicting the complete response rate at 3 months?
Authors: Vignion‐Dewalle Anne‐Sophie , Baert Gregory , Thecua Elise , Lecomte Fabienne , Vicentini Claire , Abi‐Rached Henry , Mortier Laurent , Mordon Serge 
Published: April 2018

BackgroundTopical photodynamic therapy is an established treatment modality for various dermatological conditions, including actinic keratosis. In Europe, the approved protocols for photodynamic therapy of actinic keratosis involve irradiation with either an Aktilite CL 128 lamp or daylight, whereas irradiation with the Blu‐U illuminator is approved in the United States. Many other protocols using irradiation by a variety of light sources are also clinically efficient.ObjectivesThis paper aims to compare 10 different protocols with clinically proven efficacy for photodynamic therapy of actinic keratosis and the available spectral irradiance of the light source. Effective irradiance, effective light dose, and local damage are compared. We also investigate whether there is an association between the complete response rate at 3 months and the effective light dose or local damage.MethodsThe effective irradiance, also referred to as protoporphyrin IX‐weighted irradiance, is obtained by integrating the spectral irradiance weighted by the normalized absorption spectrum of protoporphyrin IX over the wavelength. Integrating the effective irradiance over the irradiation time yields the effective light dose, which is also known as the protoporphyrin IX‐weighted light dose. Local damage, defined as the total cumulative singlet oxygen molecules produced during treatment, is estimated using mathematical modeling of the photodynamic therapy process. This modeling is based on an iterative procedure taking into account the spatial and temporal variations in the protoporphyrin IX absorption spectrum during treatment.ResultsThe protocol for daylight photodynamic therapy on a clear sunny day, the protocol for daylight photodynamic therapy on an overcast day, the photodynamic therapy protocol for a white LED lamp for operating rooms and the photodynamic therapy protocol for the Blu‐U illuminator perform better than the six other protocols—all involving red light illumination—in terms of both effective light dose and local damage. However, no association between the complete response rate at 3 months and the effective light dose or local damage was found.ConclusionsProtocols that achieve high complete response rates at 3 months and low pain scores should be preferred regardless of the effective light dose and local damage. Lasers Surg. Med. 50:576–589, 2018. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A Modeling Study on the RAFT Polymerization of Vinyl Monomers in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide
Authors: López‐Domínguez Porfirio , Jaramillo‐Soto Gabriel , Vivaldo‐Lima Eduardo 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe kinetic modeling of reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) dispersion homopolymerization of vinyl monomers in supercritical carbon dioxide is addressed. The model accounts for two reaction loci, a polymer‐rich phase (dispersed) and a solvent‐rich phase (continuous). In one of the models, the partition of low molar mass components is estimated by using simple equations. The second model takes into account mass transfer of the components and is built using the phase‐exchange and k(s)‐termination steps of the Predici software. Model predictions are compared against experimental data of polymerization of styrene using 2,2′‐Azobis(2‐methylpropionitrile) (AIBN)/S‐thiobenzoyl thioglycolic acid/supercritical carbon dioxide. The model captures well the effect of the amount of RAFT agent on polymerization rate and molar mass development. Both models allow calculation of the concentrations of all the species present in the system for each phase. The performance of the system is compared against the conventional case (in the absence of RAFT agent).
Characterization of congenital myopathies at a Korean neuromuscular center
Authors: Park Young‐Eun , Shin Jin‐Hong , Kim Hyang‐Sook , Lee Chang‐Hoon , Kim Dae‐Seong 
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACTIntroduction: Congenital myopathies are muscle diseases characterized by specific histopathologic features, generalized hypotonia from birth, and perinatal complications, although some cases develop during childhood or, rarely, in adulthood. We undertook this study to characterize congenital myopathies among patients registered at our institution. Methods: Clinical, histopathologic, and genetic features were evaluated in 34 patients recruited for this study. Results: The majority of patients experienced a childhood onset, and no disease‐related mortality was recorded during follow‐up. Functional outcomes were no better for those with late‐onset disease, indicating later disease progression can be significant. Nemaline myopathy was the most frequent pathology, followed by central core disease and centronuclear myopathy. Among the 18 (54.5%) genetically confirmed patients, NEB and RYR1 mutations were the most common, followed by DNM2 mutations. Discussion: This study shows features not previously reported and suggests that congenital myopathy should be considered an important issue among adult patients. Muscle Nerve 58: 235–244, 2018
Succinate decreases bladder function in a rat model associated with metabolic syndrome
Authors: Velasquez Flores Monica , Mossa Abubakr H. , Cammisotto Philippe , Campeau Lysanne 
Published: April 2018

AimsSuccinate and its receptor, GPR91, have been implicated in different aspects of metabolic syndrome. As GPR91 is expressed in the urinary bladder, the aim of this study is to show the effect of chronically increased succinate levels on bladder function.Materials and MethodsHealthy Sprague‐Dawley (SD) rats and hypertensive Dahl rats received an intraperitoneal injection of either saline or succinate (50 mg/kg) daily for a period of 4 weeks. Conscious cystometry was performed at the end of this period. Bladders were collected and used for contractility studies and morphological assessment. Two‐way ANOVA was performed to compare between the two strains and student t‐tests to compare treatment groups within each strain.ResultsCompared to SD rats, Dahl rats showed signs of bladder dysfunction. Succinate treatment led to higher urinary succinate levels and lower bladder capacities compared to saline‐treated animals. In SD rats, this was associated with higher collagen content, lower GPR91 expression and an altered bladder nerve profile in the bladder. In succinate‐treated Dahl rats, detrusor contractility was reduced and associated with decreased cholinergic innervation and increased collagen content.ConclusionsIt is suggested that succinate negatively affects bladder function via effects through its receptor, GPR91, and that its effects are enhanced in the presence of metabolic disturbance. These findings contribute to our understanding of the pathophysiology of bladder dysfunction, specifically in a metabolic syndrome setting.
Men who were thin during early adulthood exhibited greater weight gain‐associated visceral fat accumulation in a study of middle‐aged Japanese men
Authors: Koda M. , Kitamura I. , Okura T. , Otsuka R. , Ando F. , Shimokata H. 
Published: April 2018

SummaryObjectiveThis study aimed to assess the relationship between weight gain from early adulthood and visceral fat accumulation.MethodsThe participants were 549 men aged 42 to 64 years who were randomly selected from the local resident registry for the National Institute for Longevity Sciences' neighbourhood. They were asked to recall their weight at 18 years of age, and then, post‐18 weight‐change values were calculated for each participant (their current weight minus their weight at 18). The participants were divided according to their median body mass index (BMI) at 18 years of age (initial BMI) (<20.14 and ≥20.14 kg m−2). Visceral fat area (VFA) and subcutaneous fat area (SFA) were measured on computed tomography scans.ResultsThe participants with initial BMI of <20.14 kg m−2 exhibited greater post‐18 weight changes than those with initial BMI of ≥20.14 kg m−2. The participants' post‐18 weight‐change values were negatively correlated with their initial BMI and positively correlated with both VFA and SFA. The slope of the regression line for the relationship between post‐18 weight change and VFA was steeper in the participants with initial BMI of <20.14 kg m−2 (β = 4.36) than in those with initial BMI of ≥20.14 kg m−2 (β = 3.23).ConclusionsVisceral fat accumulation is affected not only by an individual's post‐18 weight gain but also by their initial BMI. Men who were thin in early adulthood experienced greater weight gain‐associated VFA increases, but the same was not true for SFA.
Molecular profile of inflammatory and megakaryocytic factors in pediatric myelodysplastic syndrome with acute myelofibrosis
Authors: Hussein Kais , Suttorp Meinolf , Stucki‐Koch Angelika , Baumann Irith , Niemeyer Charlotte M. , Kreipe Hans 
Published: April 2018

AbstractPediatric fibrotic myelodysplastic syndromes (ped‐MDS‐MF) and pediatric primary myelofibrosis (ped‐PMF) are rare, and the molecular changes which mediate fibrosis have never been investigated. Histology and gene expression profile of 119 fibrosis/angiogenesis/inflammation/megakaryopoiesis‐related factors in bone marrow biopsies were performed (two ped‐MDS‐MF and one ped‐PMF). In one progressive ped‐MDS, comparison of MF grade 0 (no myelofibrosis) and MF grade 2 (dense network of reticulin fibres) after 4 months showed that expression of fibrosis‐related transcripts increased and dysplastic megakaryocytes formed a dense net of CD42b+ proplatelets. These changes were not observed in another ped‐MDS‐MF, whereas ped‐PMF showed a similar proplatelet pattern. These findings indicate that fibrotic changes in ped‐MDS may involve proplatelet‐related and unrelated pathways.
Role of clinical trials in survival progress of American adolescents and young adults with cancer—and lack thereof
Authors: Bleyer Archie , Tai Eric , Siegel Stuart 
Published: April 2018

AbstractIn the United States, adolescent and young adult (AYA) patients with cancer have the lowest clinical trial participation rate of all age groups and slower progress in survival improvement than younger patients. Ominously, AYA clinical trial participation has been steadily decreasing since 2010, except in 15–19 year olds and AYAs with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. In order to reverse the accrual trend, multiple changes are necessary, including convincing community oncologists to pursue clinical trials on behalf of their AYA patients and to have the new National Community Oncology Research Program and National Clinical Trials Network lead a coordinated effort to increase accrual.
Middle‐Down Characterization of the Cell Cycle Dependence of Histone H4 Posttranslational Modifications and Proteoforms
Authors: Jiang Tingting , Hoover Michael E. , Holt Matthew V. , Freitas Michael A. , Marshall Alan G. , Young Nicolas L. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractPost‐translational modifications (PTMs) of histones are important epigenetic regulatory mechanisms that are often dysregulated in cancer. We employ middle‐down proteomics to investigate the PTMs and proteoforms of histone H4 during cell cycle progression. We use pH gradient weak cation exchange‐hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (WCX‐HILIC) for on‐line liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry analysis to separate and analyze the proteoforms of histone H4. This procedure provides enhanced separation of proteoforms, including positional isomers, and simplifies downstream data analysis. We use ultrahigh mass accuracy and resolution Fourier transform‐ion cyclotron resonance (FT‐ICR) mass spectrometer to unambiguously distinguish between acetylation and tri‐methylation (∆m = 0.036 Da). In total, we identify and quantify 233 proteoforms of histone H4 in two breast cancer cell lines. We observe significant increases in S1 phosphorylation during mitosis, implicating an important role in mitotic chromatin condensation. A decrease of K20 unmodified proteoforms is observed as the cell cycle progresses, corresponding to an increase of K20 mono‐ and di‐methylation. Acetylation at K5, K8, K12, and K16 declines as cells traverse from S phase to mitosis, suggesting cell cycle–dependence and an important role during chromatin replication and condensation. These new insights into the epigenetics of the cell cycle may provide new diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers.
Reactivity differences of O‐aryl O‐(4‐nitrophenyl) thionocarbonates versus their homolog carbonates: Micellar catalysis in hydrolysis reactions
Authors: Santos José G. , Aliaga Margarita E. , Márquez Mariana F. , Oyarzún Mauricio 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe alkaline hydrolysis reaction of O‐(4‐cyanophenyl), O‐(4‐methylphenyl), and phenyl O‐(4‐nitrophenyl) thionocarbonates (1, 2, and 3, respectively) and O‐(4‐cyanophenyl) and phenyl O‐(4‐nitrophenyl) carbonates (4 and 5, respectively) has been spectrophotometrically studied in aqueous borate buffer media, in the presence of the cationic surfactant CTAB. The pseudophase model successfully explained the results obtained, in the presence of this cationic micelle, and various kinetic parameters were determined. Results show that the catalytic efficiency increases in carbonates and thionocarbonates. In fact, a catalytic efficiency (
) of 485‐fold was found in the hydrolysis reaction of thionocarbonate 1, while in the carbonate homolog 4, the effect was of 146‐fold. In addition, we found that at the same experimental conditions (Borate buffer pH = 9.0 and 25°C), an increase in the concentration of the buffer led to a decrease of the hydrolysis rate.