bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact and Incidence of Food Allergy in Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Authors: Abdelmagied Hamza Mohamed Ahmed , Nashaat Ehab Hassan , Elgaaly Sonya Ahmed , Elfors Mostafa Attya 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a multifactorial gastrointestinal disorder affecting 5.2–22% of the population. It is not a single disease, but a name given to a group of gastrointestinal symptoms that commonly present together.

Aim and Objectives
The study aimed to evaluate the impact and the incidence of food allergy in patients with IBS.

Subjects and Methods
This was a prospective cohort study conducted at The Gastroenterology and Hepatology Clinic, or the inpatient Internal Medicine Department, at the Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University.

Result
the mean age was 34.8± 5.2, 30% were male while 70% were female. 38% were rural while 62% were urban. In Multivariate correlation regression, there were strong significant correlations between Food Allergy and age, sex, Family history, Smoking and IBS- D.

Conclusion
The observation that the administration of a monoclonal antibody against IgE resulted in almost complete resolution of this patient’s IBS symptoms suggests that this immunoglobulin plays a part in the pathogenesis of IBS, in at least a subset of patients. Consequently, in patients with atopy and IBS, targeting this abnormality might have therapeutic potential, particularly in those individuals not responding to conventional IBS therapies. There is some evidence that sodium cromoglycate has an effect in patients with atopic IBS, especially in those who have positive skin prick tests to food antigens.
Assessment of the Relationship between IGF-1 and Painful Diabetic Neuropathy in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Nasr Merhan Samy , Bekhet Meram Mohamed , Adly Nahla Nader , Ahmed Nesma Hussien , Mostafa Noor Mohamed Abdulnabi 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
IGF-1 has been presented to restore micro-circulation in damaged nerves along with functional recovery, hence suggesting protective effects of growth factors against the development of neuropathy associated with diabetes mellitus.

Objective
To assess the relationship between insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and painful diabetic neuropathy (DNP) in diabetic patients.

Patients and Methods
This study was conducted at the diabetes outpatient clinic at Ain Shams University Hospital, during the period from April 2023 to September 2023. Patients were randomly selected according to the study inclusion and exclusion criteria. A written informed consent was taken from all subjects included in the study.

Results
The differences in diagnostic methodologies could partially account for this difference. Ethnic differences in predisposition and differential exposure to risk factors are other probable mechanisms.

Conclusion
IGF-1 was protective against the development of DPN in patients with DM and was protective against neuropathic pain. Patients with DPN exhibit dysregulated IGF-1, which is thought to contribute to the development of DPN. In fact, studies report lower systemic IGF-1 levels in people with diabetes with DPN compared to those without. As such, therapeutically raising IGF-1 levels may be a promising avenue for the prevention and treatment of DPN.
Prevalence of Common Variable Immune Deficiency in Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura Patients
Authors: Shahin Rasha Youssef , Kamal Tanagho Sylvia Talaat , El-badry Mai Asem , Taha Sara Ibrahim Abdelfattah , Mohamed Hamed Nourhan Hassan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Liver cirrhosis is the most frequent long-term consequence of all chronic liver diseases. Cirrhosis is often asymptomatic and unsuspected until complications occur. The majority of patients with liver cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma die from complications, which happen relatively early in the course of the disease. Thus, the early diagnosis of liver diseases is the only solution for this problem.

Aim of the Work
We aimed to evaluate serum kallistatin in Egyptian patients with hepatitis C virus related liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma.

Patients and Methods
This case control study enrolled 90 Egyptian subjects aged ≥ 18 years old, participants were classified into 3 groups as follow: Group 1: 30 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Group 2: 30 patients with hepatitis C virus related liver cirrhosis. Group 3: 30 healthy subjects serving as a control group.

Results
Patients with liver cirrhosis and HCC have lower levels of serum Kallistatin compared to a control group. In the HCC group, patients with more severe liver disease (Child C class) had lower Kallistatin levels than those with less severe disease (Child class A and B). Kallistatin was negatively correlated with age, platelets, INR, bilirubin, C-reactive protein and alpha feto protein and positively correlated with hemoglobin and albumin. The study also tested the diagnostic accuracy of Kallistatin for detecting liver cirrhosis and HCC, and found that it had 96.6% accuracy for cirrhosis and 98% accuracy for HCC at specific cutoff points (&lt;31.10ng/ml and &lt;39.09ng/ml).

Conclusion
Serum Kallistatin has a potential rule as a new biomarker for the diagnosis and evaluation of liver cirrhosis and HCC.
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Multidrug-Resistant Urinary Tract Infections among Critically Ill Patients in Ain Shams University Hospitals
Authors: Elshinnawy Howayda Abdelhameed , Behairy Maha Abd El Moneim , El-Ashry Marwa Abd El- Rasoul , Abdel-Samea Marwa Shaaban , Ali Olfat Tarek 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Multidrug-resistant infections are becoming a major source of in-hospital mortality and morbidity in ICU patients, numerous independent risk factors for infections by MDR bacteria have been identified, ICUs are often considered the epicenter of development, amplification and dissemination of drug-resistant microorganisms

Aim and Objectives
To determine the prevalence, possible risk factors and outcome in critically ill patients in ICU with multidrug resistant urinary tract infections in Ain Shams University Hospitals.

Subjects and Methods
This was cross-sectional study that included 383 patients who were admitted to different intensive care units in Ain Shams university hospitals during a period of Six months (March 2022 – August 2022). Patients were identified by review of urine specimens sent to the microbiology laboratory for urine cultures, for patients suspected clinically of UTI or in those with urinalysis demonstrating increased white blood cells count, Multidrug resistant (MDR) was defined as isolates that were resistant or intermediate susceptible to ≥ 3 of the following antimicrobial categories: (a1) penicillin (b) cephalosporins (c) carbapenems; (d) fluoroquinolones; (e) gentamicin or amikacin; (f) TMP-SMX; and (g) nitrofurantoin

Results
The prevalence of multi- drug resistant UTI was about 45.2%. Hypertension and Diabetes mellitus were the most common medical comorbidities. The presence of chronic indwelling urinary catheters was the most common healthcare-associated risk factor for MDR UTI. Klebsiella and enterococcus were significantly more prevalent among MDR cases (41.6 % and 46.8% respectively). Penicillin had the most common antimicrobial resistance in our study. 59% of the patients with MDR UTI presented with septic shock, 18.5% presented with AKI as the second most common cause of hospital admission in MDR UTI patients. MDR UTI patients had higher mean serum creatinine and lower eGFR in comparison to non-MDR group.

Conclusion
Multi- drug resistant UTI had 45.2% prevalence among critically ill patients in Ain Shams university hospitals with many risk factors. In addition, higher CRP, lower eGFR and lower haemoglobin level are associated with MDR urinary tract infections.
Effect of Nutritional Status and Haemodialysis Parameters on Health Related Quality of Life and Post Dialysis Recovery Time in Prevalent Haemodialysis Patients
Authors: Kasem Rabah Elsayed , Elsharkawy Magdy Said , Shawky Sahar Mahmoud , Hebah Hayam Ahmed , Kamel Cherry Reda , Emara Ahmed Abd-Elmonem 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
The majority of patients with an impaired renal function may be classified as to a certain stage of chronic kidney disease (CKD) progressing to end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT).

Aim of the Work
To study the effect of current nutritional status of haemodialysis patients and other variables (socio-demographic, physical, biochemical and dialysis treatment parameters) on health related quality of life and post dialysis recovery time among haemodialysis patients in haemodialysis units in Desouq general hospital, Kafr-Elshiekh Governorate.

Patients and Methods
Type of Study: We conducted an observational cross-sectional study. Study Setting: The study was conducted in haemodialysis units in Desouq general hospital, Kafr-Elshiekh governorate. Study Period: from July to September in 2021. Study Population: 100 prevalent End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) patients on regular haemodialysis 3 times per week in Desouq general hospital.

Results
The result of this study concluded that the factors affecting nutritional status for those patients were age & dialysis wintage, serum HB, serum calcium, both serum albumin & serum pre-albumin, intake of: (carbohydrate, potassium, calcium, phosphorous & magnesium) & anthropometric measurement of; (Weight, BMI, calf circumference, BSF, TSF, MAMC & MAC). Also, our study concluded that the factors affecting QOL for our patients were; SGA score (as a surrogate for nutritional status), duration of session, serum albumin & prealbumin, height, MAC, MAMC &calf circumference. Patients with poor nutrition have a poor physical and mental quality of life. Hence, it becomes important (not only for us but also for them) to identify such patients and intervene earlier, in order to improve their quality of life and also reduce morbidity which in turn helps in reducing mortality.

Conclusion
Malnutrition is one of the most commonly encountered (&treatable) problems in haemodialysis population in Egypt as it increases the morbidity and mortality. SGA (M- SGAS) and HRQOL SF 36 (Kidney Disease and Quality of Life--Short Form (KDQOL- SF™) version 1.3) are simple to use, bedside and readily available tools for nutritional & QOL assessment of MHD patients, respectively.
Assessment of Serum Phospholipase D1 (PLD1) in Adult Patients with Newly Diagnosed Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Wahed Hassan Essam Abd El , Nagib Mary Gamal , El Moaty Mohamed Inas Abd , Sheeba Mahmoud Soliman , Sabor Rana Ayman Abd El 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Phospholipase D (PLD) enzymes have been implicated in diverse cellular processes in cancer, including the Warburg effect and pro-survival pathways. However, the significance of PLD's role in tumorigenesis remains uncertain due to its genomic proximity to PI3Kinase-a, which is amplified in various cancers. Additionally, PLD signaling mechanisms are complex and context- dependent.

Objective
This study aimed to assess the level of PLD1 in newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients and its potential role as a prognostic indicator.

Methods
A case-control study was conducted on 30 newly diagnosed AML patients and 30 age and sex-matched healthy controls. Serum samples were collected, and PLD1 levels were detected using ELISA. Correlations between PLD1 expression and clinical parameters were analyzed.

Results
A statistically significant increase in PLD1 level was observed in AML patients compared to healthy controls (p &lt; 0.0001).while there is no correlation between pld1, survival rate and other prognostic markers.

Conclusion
The present study highlights the significant upregulation of PLD1 in AML patients and its association with specific FAB subtypes. While some clinical parameters showed correlations with PLD1, its direct impact on survival remains uncertain, warranting further investigation with larger sample sizes. This study contributes to the understanding of PLD1's role in cancer biology and its potential as a prognostic marker in AML.
N-Cadherin as a New Marker for Diagnosis of Diabetic Nephropathy
Authors: Ibrahim Seif Reem Hany Ahmed , Sherbeny Alyaa Ahmed El , Bekhet Meram Mohamed , Taha Bahaa Mahmoud 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a highly prevalent condition worldwide. It represents one of the most frequent complications of diabetes mellitus (DM) and is the primary cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The early detection of inflammatory biomarkers is essential in reducing complications related to the disease.

Objective
To investigate N-Cadherin in serum as a screening and diagnostic indicator for assessing diabetic nephropathy in diabetic patients.

Methods
An observational study carried out in 6 months included 90 patients with type 2 diabetes mellites equally divided into 3 groups: Those without diabetic nephropathy (group 1), those with microalbuminuria (group 2), does with macroalbuminuria (group 3).

Results
N-cadherin levels were increased in diabetic nephropathy compared to those without diabetic nephropathy (p value: 0.000), and most importantly there is significant increase in N-cadherin level between microalbuminuria group and normoalbuminuric (p value: &lt;0.001). Also this study revealed significant difference between reading of 3 groups regarding 2hPP, HbA1c, TC, LDL, BUN and creatinine (p value: 0.000, 0.005, 0.003, 0.003, 0.006 and 0.024 respectively). We found a significant negative correlation between N-cadherin and eGFR (P value: 0.014) which indicates that N-cadherin is an important marker in renal disease. Our study had given us an Abstract about the role of the N-cadherin in prediction of detecting DN early and in monitoring treatment outcomes.

Conclusion
This study provides preliminary evidence suggesting N-cadherin as a novel renal biomarker associated with increased albuminuria and decreased eGFR levels in type 2 diabetic patients which can be used as a valuable prognostic and diagnostic tool to slow down or even inhibit ESRD. The study has also demonstrated that N-cadherin levels increased in microalbuminuria group of diabetic nephropathy compared to those without diabetic nephropathy.
Serum Anandamide for Assessment of Non Alcholic Fatty Liver Disease Severity
Authors: Mohamed Ismail Salah Tharwat , El Sayed Ashour Engy Yousry , AL-kilani Hesham Hamdy , EL-hamid Rafaat Khalid Abd 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a very common disease, ranging from simple steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and is considered the hepatic expression of metabolic syndrome. Liver biopsy is currently considered the gold standard in diagnosis of NAFLD; however, it is an invasive technique and carries many risks. The serum anandamide level is recently discovered to play an important role as the potential indicator for NAFLD severity. The purpose of the study is to determine the association of endocannabinoid metabolite anandamide and NAFLD severity and to investigate its association with anthropometric and metabolic features in NAFLD patient.

Aim of the Work
To find a Correlation between serum anandamide and NAFLD severity.

Patients and Methods
A case–control study on 30 NAFLD biopsy-proven NAFLD patients and 30 healthy volunteers. This study was carried out at Outpatient Clinics of Gastroenterology department at Ain Shams Hospital from September 2021 till September 2022. They were subjected to full clinical history and examination, laboratory tests, abdominal ultrasound and serological testing of anadamide.

Results
The mean liver profile test in both groups were within the normal level except for the AST and ALT level in which in the patient group statistically significant (p = 0.01) in AST. On measuring the lipid profile between both groups there is statistically significant differences in the cholesterol and triglyceride level between both groups. The anadamide level was significantly higher among NAFLD groups vs. the normal group (P value 0.01) with cutoff &gt; 0.215 in the NASH group (accuracy 88.3%; sensitivity 76.7% and specificity 100%). Serum anandamide has positive correlation with NAS score (r = 0.402). Our analysis identified AEA as a candidate biomarker for NASH. Obesity and diabetes are risk factors that contribute to the increasing prevalence of hepatic steatosis and NAFLD.

Conclusion
The serum anandamide level is more higher in patients with NAFLD than control group with statistically significant difference, we also found positive correlation between S. anandamide level and NAFLD activity score (NAS).
The Effect of Omega-3 Fatty Acids versus Gabapentin in Uremic Pruritus in Hemodialysis Patients. Randomized Controlled, Cross-Over Clinical Trial
Authors: Teama Nahla Mohamed , Shawky Sahar Mahmoud , Ibrahim Mona Abdel-Halim , Khalifa Sara Abd El-Naby Mohammed , El-Mobdy Ashraf Hassan Abd 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Introduction
One of the most annoying, common, and even incapacitating issues for people with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is uremic pruritus. However, the lack of essential fatty acids is a significant area of etiological concern in connection to uremic pruritus. It appears that giving ESRD patients more necessary fatty acids and their derivatives may have a number of good effects on their physiological characteristics and cellular membrane structure. Omega-3 fatty acids have anti-inflammatory benefits for many inflammatory disorders. Abundance of Omega-3 fatty acids has been proven to be useful in the reduction of pruritus. So, we aimed in this study to evaluate the effect of Omega – 3 fatty acids versus Gabapentin in uremic pruritus in hemodialysis (HD) patients.

Methods
In a randomized controlled trial, we enrolled 50 prevalent HD patients recruited from the HD unit at Ain Shams University Hospital. Patients were randomly assigned to two arms: Group A: Included 25 patients who received Omega-3 added to the traditional treatment (Calcium, erythropoietin stimulating agent). Patients received treatment for four weeks, then after washout period (6 weeks) on traditional treatment only then Gabapentin was given. Group B: Included 25 patients who received Gabapentin added to the traditional treatment (Calcium, erythropoietin stimulating agent). Patients received treatment for four weeks then after washout period (6 weeks) on traditional treatment only then Omega-3 was given.

Results
PGE2 was significantly reduced among patients treated with Omega-3 compared to Gabapentin. 5-D itch scale was significantly reduced among all patients after treatment with Omega-3

Conclusion
We have demonstrated that Omega-3 fatty acids are not less effective than Gabapentin in decreasing uremic pruritus. It seems that Omega-3 fatty acids could be used as an efficient drug for the treatment of pruritus in uremic patients.
Measurement of Serum and Fecal Calprotectin in Egyptian Ankylosing Spondylitis Patients
Authors: Ahmed El-Azizi Noran Osama , Aly Hussein Safaa Abdelsalam , Ahmed Maha , El-Serwy Ahmed , Kamel Khodary Zainab Abdou 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Axial spondyloarthropathies are chronic, often progressive, inflammatory disorders of the axial skeleton including the sacroiliac joints. Patients suffer from pain, fatigue, limited spinal motility, functional disability, and impaired psychological wellbeing AS has many extra-articular manifestations, it has been concluded 4-6% of patients with AS have symptomatic inflammatory bowel disease.

Objective
To estimate role of serum and/or faecal calprotectin in ankylosing spondylitis disease activity, especially in patients with intestinal symptoms.

Methods
This was a cross sectional study which was done on 40 ankylosing spondylitis patients diagnosed according to history, clinical examination and laboratory data according to ASAS classification criteria of ankylosing spondylitis 2009.

Results
Our study revealed that there was a positive relation between serum/ fecal calprotectin and disease activity according to ASDAS-CRP. Most of the patients with positive serum and fecal calprotectin had high disease activity with percentage of 56.2% (p-value=0.008) and 54.8% (p- value=0.026) respectively. Hemoglobin levels were lower among patients with positive serum and fecal calprotectin levels which was of statistical significance with p-value of 0.002 and 0.016 respectively. Also, hemoglobin level was affected by the Prescence of GIT symptoms being lower among patients with GIT symptoms with p-value 0.025. ESR level was higher among patients with positive serum and fecal calprotectin levels which was of statistical significance with p-value of 0.036 and 0.032 respectively.

Conclusion
Serum calprotectin was more sensitive and specific than fecal calprotectin as a biomarker for disease activity in Egyptian ankylosing spondylitis patients. There was a positive relation between serum/fecal calprotectin and disease activity. There was a negative relation between serum/fecal calprotectin and hemoglobin level. The most common gastrointestinal symptoms among Egyptian ankylosing spondylitis patients were abdominal pain and constipation.
Effect of Childhood Epilepsy and Antiepileptic Drugs on Visual Evoked Potential Response and Optical Coherence Tomography
Authors: ElDen Ahmed Nahed Salah , Nassef Ayman Mohamed , Nada Maha Ali , Ibrahim Shaimaa Said , Said Abd El Karim Marwa Ahmed , Moussa Amira Ahmed 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
The experience of evoked potentials in patients with epilepsy is sparse. Earlier studies in the literature, especially during the 1970s and 1980s, were conducted in previously treated epilepsy patients primarily to investigate drug effects or drug toxicity on afferent nerve conduction within the central nervous system.

Aim of the Study
to investigate effect of idiopathic childhood epilepsy per se on VEP and OCT and effect of two antiepileptic medications on them and correlate that with clinical symptoms if present.

Patients and Methods
this is a biphasic study, 1st one is case control and 2nd phase is a controlled clinical prospective trial, conducted in the neuro-pediatric outpatient clinic of Ain Shams University. This study enrolled 50 epileptic children drug naïve and 50 age and sex matched healthy controls, both groups were subjected to pattern reversed visual evoked potential and only 28 of the patients and 28 of the control group were subjected to ocular coherence tomography, starting from March 2021. The 50 patients were divided into 2 groups, the first one enrolled 23 patients that received levitracetam and the 2nd one enrolled 27 patients that received valproate. Both groups were followed up over 24 months and follow up VEP and OCT done to compare the two groups and correlate with the baseline parameters.

Results
66% of the patients’ group was boys while 34% were girls, with mean age 10.5± 3.47. By measuring VEP in the two groups the mean P100 latency in the right eye and the left one of the control group was 110.4±3.76ms and 111.25±3.92ms respectively while in the patients group was 114.94±12.81ms and 115.37±11.88ms respectively that showed significant difference between the two groups with p- value 0.020 and 0.023 respectively.

Conclusion
there was prolonged latency in the epileptic children before starting AEDs more than the control group. This means that there was a disruption of the neural circuit by the epilepsy due to disruption of gabamenergic neurotransmitter system which plays an important role in mediating responses of cells in the visual cortex and retina and assists in shaping the receptive fields of the pyramidal cells in the superficial layers of the occipital cortex.