bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
POLITIK KEBIJAKAN PENDIDIKAN AGAMA DAN KEAGAMAAN: REVITALISASI UPAYA PEMERINTAH TERHADAP PENDIDIKAN KEAGAMAAN
Authors: Syafii Ahmad , A’yuni Siti Qurrotul 
Published: July 2019

Indonesia is the biggest archipelago country in the world, the government has tried to prosper the people by issuing policies on regional autonomy. Regional autonomy in its development is widespread in all fields, one of them in education. Autonomy Education gained much support among the people, thus giving birth to Decentralization of Education, namely to give up government responsibility according to the needs and capabilities of each region. The effort has been regulated in Law Number 20 Year 2003 on National Education System supported by Government Regulation no. 55 of 2007. However, these efforts have not been fully realized, so that sometimes cause gap and prolonged criticism. Therefore we as a policy-bearer must prioritize the principle good governance in Decentralization of Education.
The religious and religious education policies contained in Government Regulation No. 55 of 2007 are intended to help realize the goals of education in Indonesia, giving the right of autonomy in the form of decentralization of education to each school in each region to manage the institution. If the school is religious based, it is given the freedom to manage according to the teachings of the religion. But to realize this policy requires strong observers and willing to act, the principle of autonomy, flexibility, participatory and initiative can be used as a basis in realizing these goals as a whole.
PROFESIONALISME GURU PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM DALAM MEMBENTUK RELIGIUSITAS SISWA KELAS IV DI SDN 2 PENGARAYAN
Authors: Syarnubi Syarnubi 
Published: July 2019

This study aims to describe and analyze critically the professionalism of teachers in the form of PAI religiosity fourth grade students at SDN 2 Pengarayan. This research is a qualitative research taking the location of SDN 2 Pengarayan. Data collection are getting by observation, documentation and interIVews. Data analysis were carried out by examining all data, data reduction, data presentation, drawing conclusions and verifying data. Data checking is done by triangulation with two modes, namely using multiple sources and multiple methods.
The results of the study show: (1) PAI teachers in SDN 2 Pengarayan are professional, which is indicated by haIVng four competencies: pedagogic competency, personality competence, professional competence and social competence. (2) PAI teachers is forming the religiosity of fourth grade students in SDN 2 Pengarayan through five dimensions of religiosity (Belief, worship, appreciation, knowledge and experience), using habituation methods related to four competencies as follows : Pedagogical aspects: Prepare syllabus and lesson plans. Personality Aspect: Making the dhuhur prayer schedule in congregation and assistance, praying duha and reciting the Asmaul Husna. Professional Aspects: BATUHA (Read Write Al-Qur'an), PHBI (Commemoration of Islamic Day) and Muadzin. Social Aspects: Making Tambourine Music Group, Ramadhan pesantren and habit of greeting. (3) The obstacles faced by PAI teachers in forming the religiosity of students in SDN 2 Pengarayan are the limitations of place, time and superIVsors, the low support of parents when at home, the lack of harmonious cooperation between parents of students and the school, the cleanliness of places of worship become an obstacle in the implementation of prayer serIVces.
NOMINEE DALAM SAHAM TERKAIT KEBIJAKAN PENGAMPUNAN PAJAK
Authors: Wijaya Agung Hadi 
Published: July 2019

Abstrak Pengampunan pajak merupakan salah satu kebijakan pemerintah untuk meningkatkan pendapatan negara yang dilakukan dengan cara pelaporan dan pembayaran pajak terhutang oleh wajib pajak. Kebijakan pengampunan pajak dimunculkan untuk wajib pajak membayar pajak terutang melalui pengungkapan harta. Salah satu objek pengampunan pajak adalah saham hal ini tercantum dalam Pasal 15 ayat (1) Undang-undang Pengampunan Pajak yang pada intinya menyatakan wajib pajak yang telah memperoleh Surat Keterangan dan Membayar Tebusan atas harta berupa saham yang belum dibaliknamakan atas nama Wajib Pajak, harus melakukan pengalihan hak. Dapat dikatakan Undang-Undang Pengampunan Pajak membolehkan adanya perjanjian nominee dalam rangka pengampunan pajak. Masalah muncul bila pelaksanaan balik nama harta berupa saham baik dari dalam negeri maupun luar negeri belum dilaksanakan paling lambat 31 Desember 2017, berarti nominee dari saham tersebut belum juga membalik nama ke atas nama wajib pajak yang mengampunkan pajak atas obyek tersebut. Sehingga penguasaan saham tetaplah menjadi milik nominee. Tentunya hal tersebut bertentangan dengan Pasal 33 Undang-undang Nomor 25 Tahun 2007 tentang Penanaman Modal yang menyatakan pada intinya bahwa dilarang membuat perjanjian dan/atau pernyataan yang menegaskan bahwa kepemilikan saham dalam perseroan terbatas untuk dan atas nama orang lain. Penegakkan hukum terhadap harta berupa saham yang belum dibalik nama itu adalah : Pemberian kesempatan bagi wajib pajak yang belum melakukan balik nama atas nominee saham yang dimilikinya dengan membayar pajak penghasilan dan penerapan sanksi perpajakan atau batal demi hukum perjanjian nominee yang dibuat oleh wajib pajak.Kata Kunci : Pengampunan pajak, Nominee, Saham
Selection of Phylloplane and Endophyte Microbes as Biocontrol for Rubber Leaf Fall Disease (Corynespora cassiicola)
Authors: Khaerati Khaerati , Ferry Yulius , Rusli Rusli 
Published: July 2019

<p><em>Leaf fall disease in rubber caused by </em>Corynespora cassiicola<em> </em><em>fungi significantly decreases rubber productivity. </em>C. cassiicola<em> causes leaves to fall all year round</em><em>, a delay in the tapping of immature rubber plants, yield decrease of producing plants, and even death of susceptible clones. The study aimed to obtain phylloplane and endophytic microbes potentially to inhibit the disease, was conducted from January to December 2016. The study used randomized complete design to assess antagonistic fungi and phylloplane and endophytic bacterias toward </em>C. cassiicola<em> in isolates obtained through exploration in </em><em>West Java and West Kalimantan. Pathogen isolation showed </em>Corynespora sp<em> with pale brown color, single conidia which slightly bended, shaped like a stick that is swollen at the base, with 2–14 septa. Inhibitory analysis found 42 fungi isolates and 19 bacteria isolates potentially inhibiting </em>C. cassiicola<em>. </em><em>Six fungi isolates have an inhibitory ability of ≥90%, consisting of two phylloplane fungi isolates (DTJF11 and CPSR7) and four endophytic fungi (CEBPM15, CEBPM23, CEBPM27, and CEPR9) with lysis, mycoparasitism, competition, and antibiosis inhibitory mechanism. The identification showed fungi isolate of DTJF11 is classified as </em>Trichoderma asperellum<em>, CPSR7 as </em>Talaromyces pinophilus<em>, and CEBPM15</em><em> as </em>Amanita tenuifolia<em>. </em><em>Potential bacterial isolates as biological agents are BP7, L3, BP3, BP4, BP5 and BP6 isolates, which have inhibitory power of 28.54%–40.94%, with antibiosis inhibition mechanism.</em></p>
Analytical design of the missile control device to intercept aerodynamic target
Authors: Markevich V. E. , Legkostup V. V. 
Published: July 2019

The analytical method of synthesis of devices for joint optimal estimation of parameters and control of the state of nonlinear dynamic stochastic objects is considered. A brief review of the existing and promising methods of missile guidance, as well as a comparative description of the advantages and disadvantages. Methods of improving accuracy and jamming-resistance methods of guidance, one of which is an approach based on joint estimation and state control of nonlinear object with random driving and interfering influences.The main directions of research on this subject, including statistical synthesis of the optimal control system, estimation of the potential characteristics of the designed system, analysis of the structure of the optimal system and evaluation of its simplification, the formation of quasi-optimal structures of the control system, evaluation of the criticality (sensitivity) of the system characteristics to changes in a priori information.The choice of the invariant immersion method for the analytical design of the structure of the optical evaluation-control device is substantiated. Analytical expressions describing the algorithm of functioning of the device of joint estimation and control of the state of a multidimensional nonlinear multi-connected object are given.
The possibility of applying calculation based on queuing theory with the aim of real-time control
Authors: Kudriavtsev V. I. , Zirko О. F. 
Published: July 2019

Possibilities of using mathematical models of the theory of queues for the purpose of control of processes of discrete productions modeled by it in real time are investigated. As a model example, a system for managing the rearrangements of service items in queues was considered. For the analysis the methods of calculation of BMAP-controlled systems and the methods of the theory of recovery on periods of employment for queues with vacancies of requirements were used.As a result of research it is found out that mathematical modeling in the theory of queues can be used for simulation of discrete production for the purpose of design and the production analysis, but cannot be used for management of the modeled processes in real time.
Effects of the ABCG2 C421A Polymorphism on Plasma Gefitinib Concentration
Authors: Sakamoto Sho 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background

In patients with epidermal growth factor (EGFR) exon 21 L858R mutation-positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with gefitinib, we found that a lower plasma gefitinib concentration was associated with shorter progression-free survival (PFS). ATP-binding castle protein G2 (ABCG2) is considered to inhibit the activities of certain gefitinib transporters, which affects drug pharmacokinetics. The C421A polymorphism affects the function and expression of ABCG2 on cell membrane. Previous studies showed that proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) inhibit gefitinib absorption, as well as the function of ABCG2. We evaluated the plasma concentrations of gefitinib in patients with and without the ABCG2 C421A polymorphism, who were or were not taking PPIs.

Methods

A total of 61 patients with advanced EGFR-positive NSCLC were enrolled in this study. They were treated with gefitinib at a dose of 250 mg per day. Plasma gefitinib concentration and ABCG2 C421A status were determined after 2 weeks. The patients were divided into CC- and CA/AA genotype groups. We compared the trough and peak gefitinib levels, and the area under the curve (AUC) value for 24-hour gefitinib concentration. We also compared these parameters among four groups distinguished according to the presence/absence of the polymorphism and PPI use.

Results

The mean trough gefitinib level, and the AUC value for 24-hour gefitinib concentration, were significantly lower in the CA/AA group compared to the CC group (mean trough level: 333.2 ± 188.7 vs. 454.5 ± 206.3 ng/mL, P=0.021; AUC: 9,949.9 ± 5,058.9 vs. 13,085.4 ± 5,075.3 ng・h/mL, P=0.034). Among patients taking PPIs, the mean trough gefitinib level was significantly lower in the CA/AA group than the CC group (220.1 ± 112.6 vs. 340.5 ± 98.3 ng/mL, P=0.033).

Conclusions

The CA/AA-type of ABCG2 C421A polymorphism may be associated with lower gefitinib plasma concentration.
Polydrug use is associated with new HIV infections among men who have sex with men in China: a multicenter cross-sectional survey
Authors: Mao Xiang , Leuba Sequoia I. , Hu Qinghai , Yan Hongjing , Wang Zhe , Lu Lin , Zhuang Minghua , Chen Xi , Fu Jihua , Geng Wenqing , Jiang Yongjun , Shang Hong , Xu Junjie 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background

Recreational drug use is popular among men who have sex with men (MSM), while there is limited information about polydrug use and its consequent impact on sexual health and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) acquisition.

Methods

MSM were recruited from a multicenter cross-sectional survey conducted in seven Chinese cities. Participants were divided into four subgroups based on the number of recreational drugs (RDs) used in the past 6 months. “Polydrug use” was defined as simultaneous use of ≥2 types of RDs. Information on demographics and HIV high-risk behaviors (HIV-HRBs) was collected, and blood samples were tested for recent HIV infection by the BED capture enzyme immunoassay.

Results

A total of 4,496 Chinese MSM participated, of which 28.4% used RDs, and 5% were polydrug users. Polydrug users commonly took poppers with one or more types of other RDs (e.g. methamphetamine). Polydrug users were likely to be aged 26–30 years, have low educational attainment, be internal migrants, have a high monthly income, use versatile positions during anal intercourse, and have inadequate knowledge about prevention of HIV infection (P<0.05 for all). As the number of RDs used in the past 6 months increased, the prevalence of HIV-HRBs increased (P<0.05 for all). The odds of recent HIV infection were higher among those who used one type (aOR = 2.2, 95%CI: 1.5–3.0) or two types of RDs (2.3, 1.0–5.2) in the past 6 months compared with those who did not use RDs. The population-attributable fractions of most HIV-HRBs for recent HIV infection were higher among polydrug users compared with those who used only one type of RD or used no RD in the past 6 months.

Conclusion

The level and pattern of polydrug use among Chinese MSM were different from developed countries. Polydrug use had a dose-effect relationship with HIV-HRBs. Polydrug users who have greater levels of RDs use are more likely to engage in various sexual risks, thus may associated with new HIV infections.
HIV testing uptake and yield among sexual contacts of HIV-positive men who have sex with men in Zhejiang Province, China, 2014-2016: a cross-sectional pilot study of a choice-based partner tracing and testing package
Authors: Luo Mingyu , Hann Katrina , Zhang Guomin , Pan Xiaohong , Jiang Jun , Chen Lin , Ma Qiaoqin 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background

Measures to effectively expand tracing and testing to identify undiagnosed HIV infections are significant for the control of HIV/AIDS epidemic among men who have sex with men (MSM). We piloted a combination tracing and testing package aimed at improving contact tracing and uptake and yield of HIV testing for sexual contacts of newly diagnosed HIV positive MSM. We describe the package components and outcomes.

Methods

The choice-based tracing and testing package was piloted in Hangzhou and Ningbo cities, June 2014 to June 2016. The package adopted four modes, including couples HIV counselling and testing (CHCT), information-driven assisted partner notification (IDAPN), peer-assisted HIV self-testing (HIVST), and patient referral. If sexual contacts tested positive, they were invited to enroll in the pilot. Contact tracing continued through selected modes until inability to contact, refusal to test, or positive test results exhausted all contacts. Socio-demographic factors, sexual behaviors between HIV-positive MSM and their sexual contacts were collected, as well as tracing and testing outcomes of each mode.

Results

Among 2,495 newly diagnosed HIV-positive MSM, 446(18%) were enrolled as index cases (ICs) through two rounds of contact tracing. The ICs disclosed a total of 4,716 sexual contacts, of whom 548 (12%) were reachable. The pilot resulted in a testing uptake of 87%(478/548) and a yield of 16% (74/478) among sexual contacts. Logistic regression analysis showed that the odds of a reachable sexual contact enrolled in information-driven mode taking an HIV test were 90% more than that of one enrolled in patient referral (95%CI:0.8, 4.4).

Conclusions

Choice-based tracing and testing package is feasible in expanding HIV-testing uptake among sexual contacts of HIV-positive MSM and are feasible for case-finding among a high-risk population. IDAPN may be an acceptable option to reach sexual contacts for whom limited contact information is available.
Evaluation of the secondary use of electronic health records to detect seasonal, holiday-related, and rare events related to traumatic injury and poisoning
Authors: Bergquist Timothy , Pejaver Vikas , Hammarlund Noah , Mooney Sean D. , Mooney Stephen J. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background

The increasing adoption of electronic health record (EHR) systems enables automated, large scale, and meaningful analysis of regional population health. We explored how EHR systems could inform surveillance of trauma-related emergency department visits arising from seasonal, holiday-related, and rare environmental events.

Methods

We analyzed temporal variation in diagnosis codes over 24 years of trauma visit data at the three hospitals in the University of Washington Medicine system in Seattle, Washington, USA. We identified seasons and days in which specific codes and categories of codes were statistically enriched, meaning that a significantly greater than average proportion of trauma visits included a given diagnosis code during that time period.

Results

We confirmed known seasonal patterns in emergency department visits for trauma. As expected, cold weather-related incidents (e.g. frostbite, snowboarding injury) were enriched in the winter, whereas fair weather-related incidents (e.g. bug bites, boating accidents, bicycle accidents) were enriched in the spring and summer. Our analysis of specific days of the year found that holidays were enriched for alcohol poisoning, assaults, and firework accidents. We also detected one time regional events such as the 2001 Nisqually earthquake and the 2006 Hanukkah Eve Windstorm.

Conclusions

Though EHR systems were developed to prioritize operational rather than analytic priorities and have consequent limitations for surveillance, our EHR enrichment analysis nonetheless re-identified expected temporal population health patterns. EHRs are potentially a valuable source of information to inform public health policy, both in retrospective analysis and in a surveillance capacity.
Do Men Discuss Birth Control? A Social Network Analysis in Bangladesh
Authors: Bhatia Bhanu 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Family planning programs have made significant contributions to lowering fertility levels in several developing nations. These advances often focus on women as the main agents of population control, ignoring the important role of men. However, in many countries/cultures decisions about fertility are highly embedded in social relationships at all levels, which make it imperative to investigate men’s position in the social structure. This study explores the relationship structures between men in Bangladesh using social network analysis to explore new possibilities for cost-effective healthcare strategies that have more far-reaching effects than the status quo. The results of this research show that men are embedded in un-fragmented and diffuse communication structures, formed across age and educational divide, beyond the bounds of kinship relations and village boundaries. Not only do men not shy away from discussion of contraceptives, but also approve and support their use. Men’s networks, thus, provide a potentially rich, but untapped, channel of communication for effectively and efficiently disseminating population control initiatives.
Cathelicidins In Humans And Animals
Authors: Deptuła Jakub , Tokarz-Deptuła Beata , Malinowska-Borysiak Magdalena , Stosik Michał , Deptuła Wiesław 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Cathelicidins are Important immunological peptides – HDPs (Host Defense Peptides) with high biological activity in mammals, including human and vertebrate animals. These evolutionary ancient molecules in these organisms are natural elements of antimicrobial, antiviral, antifungal and antiparasitic immunity against which germs and parasites have not developed immunity, which makes them alternatives to antibiotics. Catelicidins in human and vertebrates affect the germs and parasites directly and indirectly by activating the immune system.
1.What are immune peptides. 2. Cathelicidins. 2.1. Catelicidins in humans. 2.2. Cathelicidins in animals. 3. Summary
Uncaria rhynchophylla and its Major Constituents on Central Nervous System: A Review on Their Pharmacological Actions
Authors: Yang Wen , Ip Siu-Po , Liu Ling , Xian Yan-Fang , Lin Zhi-Xiu 
Published: July 2019

Background:
Uncaria rhynchophylla (Miq.) Jacks (Rubinaceae), a common herbal medicine
known as Gou-teng in Chinese, is commonly used in Chinese medicine practice for the treatment of
convulsions, hypertension, epilepsy, eclampsia and other cerebral diseases. The major active components
of U. rhynchophylla are alkaloids, terpenoids and flavonoids. The protective effects of U. rhynchophylla
and its major components on central nervous system (CNS) have become a focus of research
in recent decades.

Objective:
The study aimed to systematically summarize the pharmacological activities of U. rhynchophylla
and its major components on the CNS.

Method:
This review summarized the experimental findings from our laboratories, together with other
literature data obtained through a comprehensive search of databases including the Pubmed and the Web
of Science.

Results:
U. rhynchophylla and its major components such as rhynchophylline and isorhynchophylline
have been shown to have neuroprotective effects on Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, depression,
cerebral ischaemia through a number of mechanisms including anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory
actions and regulation on neurotransmitters.

Conclusion:
U. rhynchophylla and its major components have multiple beneficial pharmacological
effects on CNS. Further studies on U. rhynchophylla and its major components are warranted to fully
illustrate the underlying molecular mechanisms, pharmacokinetics, and toxicological profiles of these
naturally occurring compounds and their potential for clinical application.
Apigenin-mediated Alterations in Viability and Senescence of SW480 Colorectal Cancer Cells Persist in The Presence of L-thyroxine
Authors: Zohreh Bagheri , Masoumeh Varedi , Fakhraddin Naghibalhossaini , Omrani Gholam H.R. 
Published: July 2019

Introduction:Deregulation of Thyroid Hormones (THs) system in Colorectal Cancer (CRC) suggests that these hormones may play roles in CRC pathogenesis. Flavonoids are polyphenolic compounds, which possess potent antitumor activities and interfere, albeit some of them, with all aspects of THs physiology. Whether the antitumor actions of flavonoids are affected by THs is unknown. Therefore, we investigated the effects of apigenin (Api), a well-known flavone, on some tumorigenic properties of SW480 CRC cells in the presence and absence of L-thyroxine (T4).Methods:Cell viability was assessed by MTT assay. Flow cytometry and DNA electrophoresis were used to evaluate cell death. Cell senescence was examined by in situ detection of β-galactosidase activity. Protein expression was assessed by antibody array technique.Results:While T4 had minimal effects, Api reduced cell growth and senescence by induction of apoptosis. Expression of anti-apoptotic and pro-apoptotic proteins were differentially affected by Api and T4. Survivin, HSP60 and HTRA were the most expressed proteins by the cells. Almost all Api-induced effects persisted in the presence of T4.Conclusion:These data suggest that Api may inhibit CRC cell growth and progression through induction of apoptosis rather than cell necrosis or senescence. In addition, they suggest that T4 has minimal effects on CRC cell growth, and is not able to antagonize the anti-growth effects of Api. Regardless of the treatments, cells expressed high levels of survivin, HSP60 and HTRA, indicating that these proteins may play central roles in SW480 CRC cell immortality.