bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reconstruction of Tragus and External Auditory Meatus using Remnant Auricle during Microtia Reconstruction
Authors: Hu Yi-gao , Ding Wei , Tan Jun , Chen Xin , Luo Tao , Zhang Bo , Liu Xiao-jia , Li Gao-feng 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThis article investigates an effective method with which to reconstruct the tragus and external auditory meatus for microtia reconstruction. The external ear was reconstructed using a delayed postauricular skin flap in patients with congenital microtia. After the first stage of delaying the postauricular skin flap and the second stage of otoplasty with ear framework fabricated from autogenous rib cartilage draping with the delayed skin flap, the third stage involved tragus and external auditory meatus canaloplasty. After designing the remnant auricle flap, the lower part was trimmed and the tragus was reconstructed. The upper part was trimmed into a thin skin flap, which was rotated and used to cover the hollowed wound posterosuperior to the tragus so as to mimic the external auditory meatus. If remnant wounds were present, skin grafting was conducted. In total, 121 patients with congenital microtia were treated from March 2010 to March 2016. The reconstructed tragus and external auditory meatus were well formed, and all wounds healed well. No severe complications such as flap necrosis occurred. Six months postoperatively, the morphology of the reconstructed tragus and external auditory meatus was good. Overall, the patients and their families were satisfied. The use of remnant auricle to reconstruct the tragus and external auditory meatus is an effective auricular reconstruction technique.
Quality of Life and Functional Outcomes after Multiligament Knee Reconstruction
Authors: Hatch George , Villacis Diego , Damodar Dhanur , Dacey Michael , Yi Anthony 
Published: February 2018

AbstractWe aimed to determine factors that affect the quality of life of patients undergoing a standardized surgical and postoperative management protocol for knee dislocations. A total of 31 patients (33 knees) were included in this study. We contacted patients at a minimum of 12 months postoperatively (mean: 38 months; range, 12–111 months) and administered the previously validated Multiligament Quality of Life questionnaire (ML-QOL), 2000 International Knee Documentation Committee Subjective Knee Form (IKDC), and Lysholm Knee Scoring Scale. We performed independent two-sample t-tests and age-adjusted multivariable linear regression analysis to examine the difference in these scores. Patients who underwent previous knee ligament surgery had significantly worse mean ML-QOL scores relative to patients who did not undergo previous knee ligament surgery (114.3 versus 80.4; p = 0.004) (higher score indicates worse quality of life). All other differences in the ML-QOL scores were not statistically significant. IKDC and Lysholm scores did not differ significantly with regards to the studied variables. Among patients with no previous knee ligament surgery, patients undergoing surgery within 3 weeks of injury had significantly worse mean ML-QOL scores relative to patients undergoing surgery greater than 3 weeks after their injury (98.7 versus 74.7; p = 0.042) and patients with Schenck classification of III or IV had significantly worse mean ML-QOL scores relative to patient with a Schenck classification of I or II (88.7 versus 62.9; p = 0.015). We found that patients with a previous history of knee ligament surgery had a significantly worse quality of life relative to those with no history of knee ligament surgery. This is a level III, retrospective cohort study.
Spatial reconfigurations of Spanish in postmodernity
Authors: Lynch Andrew 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
In this chapter, I propose four principal ways in which the Spanish language is being spatially reconfigured vis-à-vis English and local minoritized languages in postmodernity: (1) the ideological relocation of Spanish in the global ‘marketplace’ economy; (2) the propagation of English-influenced discursive patterns within the context of late capitalism, e.g., preference for familiar forms of pronominal address (tuteo) in commerce; (3) the incursion of English in public life and education, placing traditionally minoritized languages in sharper relief in the linguistic landscape; and (4) the normativization and normalization of Spanish in cyberspace and in global mass media, where English is hegemonic. I suggest that these ideological phenomena will condition structural and discursive variations in Spanish in the years ahead.
Hard come, easy go
Authors: Romero Rey , Sessarego Sandro 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
This study analyzes patterns in syntax-pragmatics (subject pronoun use) and syntax-morphology (nominal and verbal phi-agreement) interfaces in two unrelated varieties of Spanish, namely Afro-Ecuadorian Spanish (AES) and Istanbulite Judeo-Spanish (IJS). In spite of their geographical distance, the traditional variety of older AES speakers and the contemporary variety of younger IJS informants share similar patterns in the aforementioned features. We account for this parallel by proposing a model of cross-generational contact-induced language transmission that is grounded in current theoretical assumptions on the architecture of the faculty of language, its modularity and the vulnerability of modular interfaces. This model suggests that patterns in both traditional AES and contemporary IJS are actually nativized traces of advanced second-language acquisition (SLA) strategies or early first-language attrition (FLA).
Discourse markers in variation
Authors: Sinnott Sarah 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
This chapter explores the variation between the Spanish discourse markers por tanto and por lo tanto from a pragmatic perspective. The data, extracted from a corpus built using blog commentary, are categorized according to the type of causality expressed in the construction, as well as whether or not the speaker is involved in a verbal argument. Analysis reveals that por lo tanto is used more frequently than por tanto when epistemic causality is expressed as well as when the speaker is engaged in an argument. This leads to the conclusion that por lo tanto contributes greater argumentative strength to an utterance than does por tanto.
Yo no le conocí a mi abuela
Authors: Ramírez-Cruz Héctor 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
This paper treats the use of third-person pronominal objects le, lo and la in Amazonian Colombian Spanish. Pronoun selection was analyzed in relation to linguistic variables (case and grammatical gender of the co-referent), extra-linguistic variables concerning the speakers (age, gender and occupation) and a geographic variable (municipality). Results show that only linguistic variables have a significant effect on pronoun selection. In particular, we observe a significant interaction of case with grammatical gender, indicating a greater proportion of leísmo for feminine co-referents than for masculine co-referents. These findings contribute to understanding Spanish third-person pronominal objects in language contact, with additional insights about competition and second language learning strategies.
Attitudes toward morphosyntactic variation in the Spanish of Valencian speakers
Authors: Piqueres Gilabert Rosa María , Fuss Matthew 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Blas Arroyo (1991, 1993, 1999, 2011) and González Martínez & Blas Arroyo (2011) identified degrees of variation in the morphosyntax of the Spanish of Valencia. Blas Arroyo (1993) observed variation in the use of locative prepositions a/en “at/in”, partitive de “of” and expletive que “that” in interrogative sentences. This paper describes how these variables are evaluated, using the matched-guise technique (Lambert et al. 1960). Four Valencian guise speakers from Castellón pronounced 12 sentences containing these three variables. A matched-guise test was completed to determine the attitudes of 31 Valencian-Spanish bilinguals toward the variation in these patterns. Results reveal a significant difference in the socioeconomic status evaluation for locative a/en, while all non-standard variants share positive evaluations for the personal attractiveness sphere. There is no gender or quality voice effect, which reinforces the validity of this instrument. Findings are discussed to understand the meaning of morphosyntactic variation in Castellón.
Stable variation or change in progress? A sociolinguistic analysis of pa(ra) in the Spanish of Venezuela
Authors: Fafulas Stephen , Díaz-Campos Manuel , Gradoville Michael 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Sociolinguistic analyses of pa(ra) “for” have found that both linguistic and social factors play a significant role in speaker use of the reduced (pa’) and full (para) forms (e.g., Bentivoglio et al. 2005). However, no study to date has analyzed the extent to which production of these forms is most indicative of stable variation or a change in progress. The current study investigates 160 interviews conducted with speakers from Caracas, Venezuela and offers a comprehensive analysis of the variables of socioeconomic class, age, gender, and style in order to determine whether pa(ra) is best considered a stable variable or a change in progress in this speech community. Results indicate that the reduction of para lacks the hallmarks typical of linguistic change in progress.
Constructional pressures on ‘sit’ in Modern Greek
Authors: Svorou Soteria 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
This study argues for a constructional account of the non-postural senses of
Modern Greek verb kaθοme ‘I sit’. Corpus data provide a
detailed account of the constructional pressures on kaθοme
as V1 in conjunctive coordination of verbs (V1 and
V2) and show that the non-postural senses emerge in
syntactically compact versions of the string with shared subject and
tense/aspect where locative adverbials and posture and disposition
adjectives, characteristic of the postural interpretations, never occur. In
such uses, the morphologically coded aspectual frame further determines a
deliberate action or an extended
duration interpretation framing V2 verbs, typically of mental
activity or communication. Pragmatic inferences tied to the construction
provide further motivation for considering the string a form-meaning
composite.
Traces of demonstrative grammaticalization in Spanish variable subject
expression
Authors: Torres Cacoullos Rena 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Third person subject pronouns are widely hypothesized to arise from the
grammaticalization of demonstratives. Analysis of variation between
pronominal and unexpressed subjects in 13th–16th century Spanish texts
(N = 1,947) reveals that subjects referring to women
favored pronominal expression and were more sensitive to the syntactic role
of the previous mention. The data distribution shows that feminine referents
were less topical, or more deictically distant: they occurred less
frequently than masculine ones as subjects, and their previous mention was
more likely to have been in non-subject role – a particularly favorable
environment for pronoun ella ‘she’. Thus, as a vestige of
demonstrative origins, variable subject pronoun use could express
topicality. An intermediate stage of demonstrative > pronoun
grammaticalization may be use of the pronoun for unexpected
subjects.
Cumulative exposure to phonetic reducing environments marks the
lexicon
Authors: Brown Esther L. 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Reduced pronunciation variants of words commonly arise in discourse contexts
promoting lenition. Words differ in their likelihood of occurrence in
reducing contexts. We test whether words’ cumulative exposure to reducing
environments significantly predicts phonological reduction in experimentally
elicited data. Cumulative exposure is measured as the proportion of times
words arise in phonetic contexts promoting reduced pronunciation variants
(FRC). Results of instrumental analyses of the 503 Spanish word-initial /d-/
tokens produced by 18 native speakers show significant correlations between
articulatory strength of the onset consonant (d-) and words’ production
histories (FRC), independent of the production context. Additionally, linear
modeling reveals a significant effect of FRC in predicting onset intensity.
Results suggest a cumulative effect on the lexicon of words’ production
histories.
Comparison of a 50 mL pycnometer and a 500 mL flask, EURAMET.M.FF.S8 (EURAMET 1297)
Authors: Mićić Ljiljana , Batista Elsa , Poenaru-Bordea Radu , Vámossy Csilla , Benkova Miroslava , Smits Erik , Sokolowska Beata , Niessner Anton , Grue Lise-Lotte , Malengo Andrea , Medina Nieves , Grum Matej , Piluri Erinda , Šarevska Anastazija , Mihailović Mirjana , Akcadag Umit 
Published: February 2018

The purpose of this comparison was to compare the results of the participating laboratories in the calibration of 50 mL pycnometer and 500 mL volumetric flask using the gravimetric method.
Laboratories were asked to determined the 'contained' volume of the 50 mL pycnometer and of the 500 mL flask at a reference temperature of 20 °C. The gravimetric method was used for both instruments by all laboratories.

Main text

To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database kcdb.bipm.org/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
A study of circulating microRNAs identifies a new potential biomarker panel to distinguish aggressive prostate cancer
Authors: Farran Batoul , Dyson Gregory , Craig Douglas , Dombkowski Alan , Beebe-Dimmer Jennifer L , Powell Isaac J , Podgorski Izabela , Heilbrun Lance , Bolton Susan , Bock Cathryn H 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancers in men worldwide. Currently available diagnostic and prognostic tools for this disease, such as prostate specific antigen, suffer from lack of specificity and sensitivity, resulting in over- and misdiagnosis. Hence, there is an urgent need for clinically relevant biomarkers capable of distinguishing between aggressive and nonaggressive forms of prostate cancer to aid in stratification, management and therapeutic decisions. To address this unmet need, we investigated the patterns of expression of a panel of 68 plasma-derived microRNAs (miRNAs) in a cohort of African American (AA) and European American (EA) prostate cancer patients (n = 114). miRNA qPCR results were analyzed using in-depth statistical methods, and a bioinformatics analysis was conducted to identify potential targets of the differentially expressed miRNAs. Our data demonstrate that a new previously unreported circulating miRNA signature consisting of a combination of interacting miRNAs (miR-17/miR-192) and an independent miRNA (miR-181a) are capable of segregating aggressive and nonaggressive prostate cancer in both AA and EA patients. The interacting miRNAs outperformed independent miRNAs in identifying aggressiveness. Our results suggest that these circulating miRNAs may constitute novel biomarkers of prostate cancer aggressiveness in both races and warrant further investigation.
Neutralizing Gatad2a-Chd4-Mbd3 Axis within the NuRD Complex Facilitates Deterministic Induction of Naïve Pluripotency
Authors: Mor Nofar , Rais Yoach , Peles Shani , Sheban Daoud , Aguilera-Castrejon Alejandro , Zviran Asaf , Elinger Dalia , Viukov Sergey , Geula Shay , Krupalnik Vladislav , Zerbib Mirie , Chomsky Elad , Lasman Lior , Shani Tom , Bayerl Jonathan , Gafni Ohad , Hanna Suhair , Buenrostro Jason D. , Hagai Tzachi , Masika Hagit , Bergman Yehudit , Greenleaf William J. , Esteban Miguel A. , Levin Yishai , Massarwa Rada , Merbl Yifat , Novershtern Noa , Hanna Jacob H. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe Nucleosome Remodeling and Deacytelase (NuRD) complex is a co-repressive complex involved in many pathological and physiological processes in the cell. Previous studies have identified one of its components, Mbd3, as a potent inhibitor for reprogramming of somatic cells to pluripotency. Following OSKM induction, early and partial depletion of Mbd3 protein followed by applying naïve ground-state pluripotency conditions, results in a highly efficient and near-deterministic generation of mouse iPS cells. Increasing evidence indicates that the NuRD complex assumes multiple mutually exclusive protein complexes, and it remains unclear whether the deterministic iPSC phenotype is the result of a specific NuRD sub complex. Since complete ablation of Mbd3 blocks somatic cell proliferation, here we aimed to identify alternative ways to block Mbd3-dependent NuRD activity by identifying additional functionally relevant components of the Mbd3/NuRD complex during early stages of reprogramming. We identified Gatad2a (also known as P66α), a relatively uncharacterized NuRD-specific subunit, whose complete deletion does not impact somatic cell proliferation, yet specifically disrupts Mbd3/NuRD repressive activity on the pluripotency circuit during both stem cell differentiation and reprogramming to pluripotency. Complete ablation of Gatad2a in somatic cells, but not Gatad2b, results in a deterministic naïve iPSC reprogramming where up to 100% of donor somatic cells successfully complete the process within 8 days. Genetic and biochemical analysis established a distinct sub-complex within the NuRD complex (Gatad2a-Chd4-Mbd3) as the functional and biochemical axis blocking reestablishment of murine naïve pluripotency. Disassembly of this axis by depletion of Gatad2a, results in resistance to conditions promoting exit of naïve pluripotency and delays differentiation. We further highlight context- and posttranslational dependent modifications of the NuRD complex affecting its interactions and assembly in different cell states. Collectively, our work unveils the distinct functionality, composition and interactions of Gatad2a-Chd4-Mbd3/NuRD subcomplex during the resolution and establishment of mouse naïve pluripotency.
Reconstructing complex lineage trees from scRNA-seq data using MERLoT
Authors: Parra R. Gonzalo , Papadopoulos Nikolaos , Ahumada-Arranz Laura , Kholtei Jakob El , Mottelson Noah , Horokhovsky Yehor , Treutlein Barbara , Soeding Johannes 
Published: February 2018

AbstractAdvances in single-cell transcriptomics techniques are revolutionizing studies of cellular differentiation and heterogeneity. Consequently, it becomes possible to track the trajectory of thousands of genes across the cellular lineage trees that represent the temporal emergence of cell types during dynamic processes. However, reconstruction of cellular lineage trees with more than a few cell fates has proved challenging. We present MERLoT (https://github.com/soedinglab/merlot), a flexible and user-friendly tool to reconstruct complex lineage trees from single-cell transcriptomics data and further impute temporal gene expression profiles along the reconstructed tree structures. We demonstrate MERLoT’s capabilities on various real cases and hundreds of simulated datasets.
IFIT3 and IFIT2/3 promote IFIT1-mediated translation inhibition by enhancing binding to non-self RNA
Authors: Fleith Renata C , Mears Harriet V , Emmott Edward , Graham Stephen C , Mansur Daniel S , Sweeney Trevor R 
Published: February 2018

AbstractInterferon-induced proteins with tetratricopeptide repeats (IFITs) are highly expressed during the cell-intrinsic immune response to viral infection. IFIT1 inhibits translation by binding directly to the 5′ end of foreign RNAs, particularly those with non-self cap structures, precluding the recruitment of the cap-binding eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4F and subsequent 40S recruitment. Interaction of different IFIT family members is well described, but little is known of the molecular basis of IFIT association or its impact on function. Here, we reconstituted different complexes of IFIT1, IFIT2 and IFIT3 in vitro, which enabled us to reveal critical aspects of IFIT complex assembly. IFIT1 interacts rapidly and strongly with IFIT3 forming a stable heterotetramer. IFIT2 and IFIT3 homodimers dissociate to form a more stable heterodimer that associates with IFIT1, forming an IFIT1:IFIT2:IFIT3 trimer. Site-directed mutagenesis revealed a C-terminal ‘YxxxL’ motif in IFIT1 that mediates its association with IFIT3. Using various reporter mRNAs, we demonstrate for the first time that IFIT3 stabilises IFIT1 binding to cap0-mRNA and enhances its translation inhibition activity. Disrupting the binding interface between IFIT1 and IFIT3 abrogated this enhancement. This work reveals molecular aspects of IFIT assembly and provides an important ‘missing link’ between IFIT interaction and function.
Cell-matrix adhesion controls Golgi organization and function by regulating Arf1 activation in anchorage dependent cells
Authors: Singh Vibha , Erady Chaitanya , Balasubramanian Nagaraj 
Published: February 2018

AbstractCell-matrix adhesion regulates membrane trafficking to control anchorage-dependent signaling. While a dynamic Golgi complex can contribute to this pathway, its control by adhesion remains untested. We find the loss of adhesion rapidly disorganizes the Golgi in mouse and human fibroblast cells, its integrity restored rapidly on re-adhesion to fibronectin (but not poly-l-lysine coated beads) along the microtubule network. Adhesion regulates the trans-Golgi more prominently than the cis /cis-medial Golgi, though they show no fallback into the ER making this reorganization distinct from known Golgi fragmentation. This is controlled by an adhesion-dependent drop and recovery of Arf1 activation, mediated through the Arf1 GEF BIG1/2 over GBF1. Constitutively active Arf1 disrupts this regulation and prevents Golgi disorganization in non-adherent cells. Adhesion regulates active Arf1 binding to the microtubule minus-end motor protein dynein to control Golgi reorganization, which ciliobrevin blocks. This regulation by adhesion controls Golgi function, promoting cell surface glycosylation on the loss of adhesion that constitutively active Arf1 blocks. This study hence identifies cell-matrix adhesion to be a novel regulator of Arf1 activation, controlling Golgi organization and function in anchorage-dependent cells.Summary StatementThis study identifies a role for cell-matrix adhesion in regulating organelle (Golgi) architecture and function which could have implications for multiple cellular pathways and function.