bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the Transformative Potential of Community Land Trusts in the United States
Authors: DeFilippis James , Williams Olivia R. , Pierce Joseph , Martin Deborah G. , Kruger Rich , Esfahani Azadeh Hadizadeh 
Published: February 2019

AbstractGrowing interest in non‐capitalist ownership models raises empirical questions about the political implications of such models. In this paper we ask: are non‐capitalist property ownership models inherently politically transformative? A study of community land trusts (CLTs) based in Minnesota illustrates that alternative property models do not necessarily produce transformative political outcomes. Interviews of those involved inCLTs revealed that they most often engage in affirmative politics, rather than challenging structural problems. Seeds of transformation were evident in theseCLTs as well, however, and we explore these moments through four lenses of transformation in order to see the potential building blocks toward other worlds. To this end, we highlight changes in participant subjectivities, collective relationship building, the cultivation of community control, and the subversion of power hierarchies. While these moments offer pathways toward greater transformation, this study reveals the necessity of intentionally transformative practice in alternative ownership models.
Geographies of Indigenous Identity: Spatial Imaginaries and Racialised Power Struggles in Bolivia
Authors: Ravindran Tathagatan 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThis article examines racial power struggles in Bolivia through a spatial lens. It analyses the process of resistance to the oligarchic elites mounted by indigenous‐popular sectors in Bolivia in the first decade of the 21st century as well as the subsequent eruption of conflicts between different indigenous sectors, and argues that political conflicts in Bolivia in the 21st century are, among other things, also conflicts over spatial imaginaries and the different territorialising and (re)territorialising projects corresponding to them. Social movements against racial neoliberalism challenged the colonial spatial imaginary. The partial success of those struggles brought into relief two distinct indigenous spatial imaginaries, one rooted in the defence of ancestral territory and indigenous autonomy, and the other based on a redefinition of territoriality as centrality within the state and society at large. The article reads contemporary inter‐indigenous conflicts as manifestations of the differences between these two spatial imaginaries.
Application of the Multi‐Process Action Control Framework to Understand Parental Support of Child and Youth Physical Activity, Sleep, and Screen Time Behaviours
Authors: Rhodes Ryan E. , Berry Tanya , Faulkner Guy , Latimer‐Cheung Amy E. , O'Reilly Norman , Tremblay Mark S. , Vanderloo Leigh , Spence John C. 
Published: February 2019

BackgroundThe purpose of this paper was to apply a framework designed to evaluate the intention–behaviour gap, known as multi‐process action control (M‐PAC), to understand parental support for the Canadian 24‐Hour Movement Guidelines for Children and Youth.MethodParents (N = 1,208) of children 5–17 years of age, completed measures of reflective (attitudes, perceived control), regulatory (planning), and reflexive (identity, habit) processes as well as intention and support behaviours.ResultsParents had significantly (p < .01) higher intentions in descending order to support sleep (86%), reduce screen time (62%), or support physical activity (65% to 61%). Translation of these intentions into behaviour was also significantly (p < .01) higher in a descending pattern for sleep support (80%), screen time reduction (68%), and physical activity support (56% to 31%). Congruent with M‐PAC, a discriminant function analysis of the results showed that the translation of parental support intentions into behaviour was associated with a combination of reflective, regulatory, and reflexive antecedents but these varied by the behaviours.ConclusionThe majority of parents have positive intentions to support child and youth health behaviours, yet many fail to enact this support. Translation of intention into action was associated with attitudinal aspects, control over support, self‐regulation skills, and parental habits and identity.
Editorial: redrawing the boundaries for surgical intervention in hepatocellular carcinoma—authors’ reply
Authors: Wang Yan‐Yan , Zhong Jian‐Hong , Mao Yi‐Lei , Li Le‐Qun , Xing Bao‐Cai 
Published: February 2019

Linked ContentThis article is linked to Wang et al and Liem and Janssen papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15074 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15121.
Flow‐mediated movement of freshwater catfish, Tandanus bostocki, in a regulated semi‐urban river, to inform environmental water releases
Authors: Beesley Leah , Close Paul G. , Gwinn Daniel C. , Long Matthew , Moroz Michael , Koster Wayne M. , Storer Timothy 
Published: February 2019

AbstractMovement and migration of fish are critical for sustaining riverine fish populations. Water resource development alters natural flow regimes and can disconnect habitats and interfere with hydrological cues for fish movement. Environmental flow releases can counter these impacts, but to be effective they must be based on quantitative flow–biota relationships. We used radio‐telemetry to investigate the association between flow and movement of Tandanus bostocki, a plotosid fish endemic to south‐western Australia. Movement was assessed for 15 adult fish at three temporal scales: weekly, daily and bihourly to reveal seasonal patterns in movement, movement around individual flow pulses, and to describe changes in home range respectively. We used a predictive modelling approach to assess the importance of discharge and other covariates on the directional distance travelled or linear home range size. Our seasonal and flow pulse study revealed that T. bostocki undertook larger downstream movements during higher flows and smaller upstream movements during lower flows. Daily movements tended to be downstream on the ascending limb of flow pulses and upstream on the descending limb. Flow‐dependent movements at weekly or daily time scales were relatively modest (typically hundreds of metres) and were moderated by time of year and gender; however, fish underwent a synchronised 1‐km movement upstream during the known reproductive period in October. The home range study revealed that T. bostocki had larger home ranges (night‐time foraging) when baseflow was elevated. These results can assist the design of customised environmental flows in the study river and other flow‐regulated rivers.
The nociceptive withdrawal reflex of the trunk is organized with unique muscle receptive fields and motor strategies
Authors: Massé‐Alarie Hugo , Salomoni Sauro E. , Hodges Paul W. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractNoxious stimuli induce a nociceptive withdrawal reflex (NWR) to protect the tissue from injury. Although the NWR was once considered as a stereotyped response, previous studies report distinct responses depending on the stimulation site and context for limbs. We aimed to determine whether noxious stimuli over the trunk produced adaptable complex NWR. We hypothesized that organization of the NWR of the trunk muscle would vary with the site of noxious input and would differ between body and spine postures, which modify the potential for specific muscles to remove threat. Fourteen participants were tested in sitting and three lumbar spine postures in side lying (neutral, flexion and extension). Noxious electrical stimuli were applied over the sacrum, spinous process of L3 and T12, lateral side of the 8th rib and anterior midline. NWR latency and amplitude were recorded with surface electromyography (EMG) electrodes over different trunk muscles. Distinct patterns of muscle activation depended on the stimulation site and were consistent with motor strategies needed to withdraw from the noxious stimuli. The NWR pattern differed between body positions, with less modulation observed in sitting than side lying. Spine posture did not affect the NWR organisation. Our results suggest the circuits controlling trunk muscle NWR presents with adaptability as a function of stimulation site and body position by utilizing the great complexity of the trunk muscle system to produce an efficient protective response. This suggests that the central nervous system (CNS) uses multiple adaptable strategies that are unique depending on which context the noxious stimuli are applied.
Stability of grassland production is robust to changes in the consumer food web
Authors: Kohli Mayank , Borer Elizabeth T. , Kinkel Linda , Seabloom Eric W. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractTheory predicts that consumers may stabilise or destabilise plant production depending on model assumptions, and tests in aquatic food webs suggest that trophic interactions are stabilising. We quantified the effects of trophic interactions on temporal variability (standard deviation) and temporal stability (mean/standard deviation) of grassland biomass production and the plant diversity–stability relationship by experimentally removing heterotrophs (large vertebrates, arthropods, foliar and soil fungi) from naturally and experimentally assembled grasslands of varying diversity. In both grassland types, trophic interactions proportionately decreased plant community biomass mean and variability over the course of 6 years, leading to no net change in temporal stability or the plant diversity–stability relationship. Heterotrophs also mediated plant coexistence; their removal reduced diversity in naturally assembled grasslands. Thus, herbivores and fungi reduce biomass production, concurrently reducing the temporal variability of energy and material fluxes. Because of this coupling, grassland stability is robust to large food web perturbations.
Risk analysis of hemorrhage in stereo‐electroencephalography procedures
Authors: McGovern Robert A. , Ruggieri Paul , Bulacio Juan , Najm Imad , Bingaman William E. , Gonzalez‐Martinez Jorge A. 
Published: February 2019

SummaryObjectiveTo examine the true incidence of hemorrhage related to stereo‐electroencephalography (SEEG) procedures. To analyze risk factors associated with the presence of different types of hemorrhage in SEEG procedures.MethodsThis was a retrospective, single‐center observational study examining every SEEG implantation performed at our center from 2009 to 2017. This consisted of 549 consecutive SEEG implantations using a variety of stereotactic and imaging techniques. A hemorrhage grading system was applied by a blinded neuroradiologist to every postimplant and postexplant computed tomography (CT) scan. Hemorrhages were classified as asymptomatic or symptomatic based on neurologic deficit seen on examination. Statistical analysis included multivariate regression using relevant preoperative variables to predict the presence of hemorrhage.ResultsOne hundred five implantations (19.1%) had any type of hemorrhage seen on postimplant CT. Of these, 93 (16.9%) were asymptomatic and 12 (2.2%) were symptomatic, with 3 implantations (0.6%) resulting in either a permanent deficit (2, 0.4%) or death (1, 0.2%). Male sex, increased number of electrodes, and increasing age were associated with increased risk of postimplant hemorrhage on multivariate analysis. Increasing score in the grading system was related to a statistically significant increase in the likelihood of a symptomatic hemorrhage.SignificanceDetailed examination of every postimplant CT reveals that the total hemorrhage rate appears higher than previously reported. Most of these hemorrhages are small and asymptomatic. Our grading system may be useful to risk stratify these hemorrhages and awaits prospective validation.
Low endoscopy bleeding risk in patients with congenital bleeding disorders
Authors: Tomaszewski Marcel , Bienz Marc , Kherad Omar , Restellini Sophie , Laflèche Tania , Barkun Alan , Warner Margaret , Bessissow Talat 
Published: February 2019

IntroductionHaemophilia A and haemophilia B, von Willebrand disease (VWD), factor VII deficiency and factor XI deficiency are congenital bleeding disorders predisposing to bleeding during invasive procedures. The ageing population of people with congenital bleeding disorders will likely increasingly require gastrointestinal endoscopy. The bleeding risk postgastrointestinal endoscopy and optimal prophylactic treatment regimens are not well described.MethodsWe performed a retrospective chart review at the McGill University Health Centre. Adult patients with haemophilia A or B, VWD, FVII deficiency and FXI deficiency who underwent gastrointestinal endoscopic procedures were included. Bleeding prophylaxis included combinations of plasma‐derived factor (VWD) or recombinant factor (haemophilia A and haemophilia B), desmopressin and/or tranexamic acid. Our primary outcome was the 72‐hour postendoscopy bleeding rate.ResultsOne hundred and four endoscopies were performed in 48 patients. Haemophilia A (45.3% of endoscopies) was the most common bleeding disorder, followed by VWD (38.5%), FXI deficiency (8.7%), haemophilia B (4.8%) and FVII deficiency (2.9%). All patients were reviewed by the Haemophilia Treatment Center with peri‐procedure treatment protocols put in place as required. The overall 72‐hour bleeding rate was 0.96%, confidence interval (CI) 95% (0.17%‐5.25%). The colonoscopic postpolypectomy bleeding rate was 1/21 (4.8%, CI 95% (0.9%‐22.7%)) in comparison with the general population rate of 0.3%‐10% for high‐risk endoscopy (including colonoscopic polypectomy).ConclusionTo the best of our knowledge, this is the largest study describing patients with inherited bleeding disorders undergoing gastrointestinal endoscopy. The bleeding risk is not significantly higher to the general population when haemostatically managed by a team experienced in bleeding disorders.
Increasing optimal coagulation factor dosing in the paediatric emergency department: A quality improvement study
Authors: Drayton Jackson Meghan , Dunn Michael W. , Storey Michael A. , Dunn Amy L. 
Published: February 2019

IntroductionHaemophilia is a disorder complicated by bleeding episodes that require emergent medical evaluation. Factor replacement dosing can present challenges for emergency department (ED) care.AimsWe aimed to reduce out‐of‐range factor dosing in the ED. Specifically, we sought to increase the number of haemophilia ED patient visits between encounters where sub‐optimal factor dosing was administered from a baseline of 4‐15 encounters.MethodsA chart review was completed on all patients with haemophilia A (HA) or B (HB) seen in the ED for injuries requiring factor concentrate from September 2015 to August 2016. Injuries were classified as minor—requiring a 50% factor correction or major—requiring a 100% factor correction. Optimal dosing range was defined as 90%‐120% of the institutional guideline goal for the degree of injury. The predicted optimal dose range for each patient was compared to the actual dose administered.ResultsBaseline data demonstrated optimal dosing range in 70% of encounters. There was no difference between patients with HA or HB in frequency of out‐of‐range dosing (P = 0.15). There was no difference in frequency of out‐of‐range dosing between types of clotting factor concentrate used. After initiation of quality improvement (QI) interventions, we achieved 16 encounters between out‐of‐range dosing, exceeding our goal of 15. However, this success was not sustained.ConclusionOptimal coagulation factor dosing is important for patient care and resource management. QI interventions promoted increased accuracy of factor dosing for patients with haemophilia seen in the ED.
Inpatient continuous cardiac monitoring in hyper‐acute stroke: a comparison between telemetry by cardiology and stroke unit
Authors: Valente Michael , Dewey Helen M. , Choi Philip M. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThis retrospective study assessed the pattern of telemetry usage and rates of atrial fibrillation (AF) detection in the 6 months pre‐ and post‐implementation of stroke unit monitored telemetry; 122/154 (79%) of patients had telemetry prior to implementation of stroke unit based telemetry and 164/194 (85%) in the 5 months post (P = 0.31). The use of stroke unit based telemetry was associated with a small increase of telemetry usage and significant increase in telemetry hours per patient. AF detection was similar during the two study periods.
Royal College of Physicians of London: a 1793 entrant, fabled fellow or member malcontent
Authors: H. Short Bruce 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe adverse fallout following the Royal Australasian College of Physician's (RACP) introduction to computer‐based testing that was disrupted in the February 2018 examinations, aroused great sympathy for the candidates and perhaps rekindled worrying memories by the College fellowship. The RACP's entrance procedures have slowly and steadily evolved since 1938 when the first 41of 45 practitioners were admitted to membership. Powerful emotive experiences accompany most applicants' progress to membership, perhaps no greater an ordeal than visited upon a 1793 anonymous entrant to the Royal College of Physicians of London, facing far different but no less stressful predicaments.
Non‐invasive ventilation of patients with acute asthma
Authors: Sheikh Muhammad , Tiruvoipati Ravindranath , Hurley James C. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractA retrospective observational study of 21 patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of Frankston Hospital with acute asthma between 2011 and 2014 was undertaken. We report the outcomes for three groups of patients; those that did (n = 7) or did not (n = 6) receive initial therapy with non‐invasive ventilation (NIV) together with those that received invasive ventilation (n = 8). Patients successfully managed with NIV alone experienced a shorter ICU and hospital stay versus those who required invasive ventilation.
Ultrahigh‐strength alumina ceramic foams via gelation of foamed boehmite sol
Authors: Chen Yugu , Huo Wenlong , Zhang Xiaoyan , Lu Yuju , Yan Shu , Liu Jingjing , Gan Ke , Yang Jinlong 
Published: February 2019

AbstractCeramic foams with significant porosity and robust mechanical properties have received extensive attentions. However, it is still difficult to achieve excellent compressive strength at high porosity levels. In this work, a gelation of foamed boehmite sol method is proposed to settle this issue. The technological parameters during preparation process are systematically investigated. As‐prepared alumina ceramic foams possess unprecedentedly high compressive strength of 34.1‐89.1 MPa at high porosity levels of 66.0%‐87.2%, which is attributed to the present of hierarchical pore structure, small grain size and pore size. This work demonstrates a facile and novel method for the fabrication of high‐performance alumina ceramic foams toward practical applications.
Effects of preferred music therapy on peer attachment, depression, and salivary cortisol among early adolescents in Taiwan
Authors: Chen Chen‐Jung , Chen Yi‐Chang , Ho Che‐Sheng , Lee Ying‐Chung 
Published: February 2019

AbstractAimsTo explore the effects of preferred music therapy on peer attachment, depression, and salivary cortisol among early adolescents.BackgroundAs adolescents enter puberty, they start to seek partnering relationships among peers. Peer attachment is central for adolescents and greatly influences their physical and psychological development.DesignA pre‐test‐posttest control group design.MethodsThe data were collected from July ‐ October 2016. A total of 65 individuals were included. The treatment group received 40 min of music therapy twice per week over the course of 10 weeks. The control group maintained its typical routine. The research data were collected using structured questionnaires, including basic information, the Inventory of Peer Attachment, the Beck Depression Inventory‐II questionnaires, and salivary cortisol concentrations. Statistical analysis methods included percentages, chi‐square tests, t tests, analyses of covariance, and the Johnson–Neyman technique.ResultsThere were statistically significant differences in peer attachment, depression, and salivary cortisol levels in the music group compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Additionally, the findings showed that early adolescents with more severe depression experienced greater improvement through preferred music therapy.ConclusionThe results allude to the beneficial effects of receiving preferred music therapy in terms of the peer attachment, depression, and salivary cortisol levels of early adolescents. Adjustments should be made based on the characteristics of student groups to develop suitable and safe music therapy and to reduce the risks of poor mental health.
Examining Couple Recreation and Oxytocin via the Ecology of Family Experiences Framework
Authors: Melton Karen K. , Larson Maddie , Boccia Maria L. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractObjective: To evaluate the release of oxytocin as a biomarker of romantic‐partner attachment during couple recreation.Background: To date, no studies have examined the impact of distinct types of recreation activities on the release of oxytocin. The Ecology for Family Experience framework, which highlights the divergent experience of family members, guided the experimental design.Method: A total of 20 cohabitating or married couples were randomly assigned to one of the following two experimental groups: board games or art class. Urinary oxytocin was measured before and after the recreational activity. Analysis of covariance was used to determine group differences in oxytocin levels.Results All groups released oxytocin during couple activities. Men in the art class demonstrated oxytocin response twice the level than other groups. Couples in the art class reported more partner touching than couples playing board games. A significant environmental impact was also identified.Conclusion: Oxytocin is released during couple recreational activities. Some types of activities may contribute to higher release of oxytocin than others. Key factors may include touch, novelty, and sex.Implications: Findings support the Ecology of Family Experience framework as a useful tool in examining factors of divergent and convergent couple experiences. Researchers should further explore the role of touch and environment in the release of oxytocin during couple activities.