bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“First They Came for the Muslims”: Psychoanalytic reflections on the threat and the challenge of contemporary populism
Authors: Kemp Martin 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThis paper is a response to the rise of populism across and beyond the Western world. It takes seriously the possibility that there are parallels between the unconscious dynamics underlying contemporary threats to liberal democracy and those which were mobilised during the inter‐war crisis in Europe. The paper explores how historical contexualization and ideological orientation shape psychoanalytic theorizing, with significant consequences for our conceptualizations of the nature of the “fascist” mind. It suggests that a “basic fault” in the evolution of nation states that seek to reconcile political democracy and economic anarchy provides the conditions in which irrationality and the politics of scapegoating is a permanent temptation. It is this, the paper argues, that provides the link between inter‐war fascism and the present rise of populist movements around the world.
Mapping the subsurface structures of a lost medieval village in South‐Western Romania by combining conventional geophysical methods
Authors: Hegyi Alexandru , Urdea Petru , Floca Cristian , Ardelean Adrian , Onaca Alexandru 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe medieval fortification of Mașloc, known as the ‘Șanțul Turcilor’ (Turkish ditch) is one of the best preserved archaeological sites in the Banat region, Romania. To reconstruct the subsurface archaeological features at the Mașloc site we combined three different geophysical methods: magnetometry, ground‐penetrating radar (GPR) and electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) and we used SfM (structure‐from‐motion) to achieve a detailed digital elevation model and an orthophoto mosaic also. Six hectares were investigated by magnetometry in order to define the basic outline of the medieval settlement, which gradually developed around the fortification. Several GPR and ERT profiles were constructed over the ramparts and ditches of the fortification to determine their extent and the internal structure of the ramparts, ditches and the houses within. The interpretation of these profiles shows for the first time the existence of a second ditch around the fortification: this is not visible in the field. The geophysical mapping precisely identifies the dwellings within the site, which shows the spatial organization of the village. Houses were developed along its main street, oriented northeast–southwest (NE–SW), which were constructed using well‐established rules and must have been planned by a local administration. Such organization demonstrates the importance of the village in medieval times, due probably to its location near to the road between two important towns: Timișoara and Lipova. The geophysical results now allow us to associate this settlement with the lost Machalaka, an important village mentioned in the medieval documents. The geophysical investigation demonstrates how this method can delineate village boundaries and the planimetry of internal archaeological features.
Trajectory Tracking for Underwater Swimming Manipulators using a Super Twisting Algorithm
Authors: Borlaug Ida Louise G. , Gravdahl Jan Tommy , Sverdrup‐Thygeson Jørgen , Pettersen Kristin Y. , Loria Antonio 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe underwater swimming manipulator (USM) is a snake‐like, multi‐articulated, underwater robot that is equipped with thrusters. One of the main purposes of the USM is to act like an underwater floating base manipulator. As such, it is essential to achieve good station‐keeping and trajectory tracking performance for the USM by using the thrusters and by using the joints to attain the desired position and orientation of the head and tail of the USM. In this ‘paper, we propose a sliding mode control (SMC) law, specifically the super‐twisting algorithm with adaptive gains, for the trajectory tracking of the USM's centre of mass. A higher‐order sliding mode observer is proposed for state estimation. Furthermore, we show the ultimate boundedness of the tracking errors. We demonstrate the applicability of the proposed control law and show that it leads to better performance than a linear PD‐controller.
The Feasibility and Effectiveness of PASS Plus, A Lay Health Worker Delivered Comprehensive Intervention for Autism Spectrum Disorders: Pilot RCT in a Rural Low and Middle Income Country Setting
Authors: Divan Gauri , Vajaratkar Vivek , Cardozo Percy , Huzurbazar Shilpa , Verma Mamta , Howarth Elizabeth , Emsley Richard , Taylor Carol , Patel Vikram , Green Jonathan 
Published: August 2018

The treatment gap for autism globally is high. Our previous PASS intervention, delivered by community based lay health workers, showed effectiveness. This article reports the development and evaluation of a new “PASS ‘Plus’” intervention in a rural population in India. Using formative research methods, we supplemented the PASS intervention with additional (Plus) modules to address autism comorbidities. This is the first time that a rigorous methodology has been used to evaluate autism symptom outcomes in a low and middle‐income country setting. 40 parent–child dyads were recruited in a pilot randomized controlled trial against usual care (mean age 65 months (34 boys); n = 19 PASS Plus, n = 21 UC). 89% of intervention families partially or entirely completed the 12‐session intervention. Intention to treat analysis showed a reduction in mean scores of autism symptom severity, though the confidence interval contains zero, (adjusted mean difference AMD −2.42 95% CI −7.75, 2.92; ES 0.22); large treatment effects on proximal outcomes of proportion of parent synchronous responses (AMD 0.35; 95% CI 0.18, 0.52; effect size ES 3.97) and proportion of child communication initiations with parent (AMD 0·17; 95% CI 0.03, 0.32; ES 1.02). Confidence intervals for effects on mutual shared attention (AMD 0.10; 95% CI −0.07, 0.27; ES 0.5) and co‐morbid symptoms (AMD −9.0; 95% CI −24.26, 6.26; ES 0.32) contained zero. There were significant effects to improve parental mental health. PASS Plus shows good feasibility and adds to the evidence of the effectiveness of task sharing complex autism interventions to lay health workers in India. Autism Res 2019, 12: 328–339 © 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Lay SummaryThis article describes the development of a comprehensive, community‐delivered, intervention for young children with autism, which combines a previously developed parent‐mediated communication intervention with support for co‐morbid problems like challenging behaviors and sensory sensitivities. The unique aspect of this intervention is that it can be delivered by community health workers, addressing the lack of specialists in low resource settings. Our study reports the encouraging findings of a pilot trial evaluating its feasibility and effectiveness.
An intelligent navigation of humanoid NAO in the light of classical approach and computational intelligence
Authors: Kumar Priyadarshi Biplab , Mohapatra Saktiswarup , Parhi Dayal R. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe development of robotics research toward industrialization has created an enhanced demand for modernization of the automation industry. Humanoid robots being advanced than other forms of robots bear a large resemblance to humans and are very much helpful in replacing humans in tedious and repetitive tasks. Therefore, the navigation and path planning of the humanoids bear a large importance in robotics research. The current investigation deals with the path planning of NAO humanoid robots. In the present work, a classical method of regression analysis and an artificial intelligence technique of fuzzy logic are implemented separately for the purpose of obstacle avoidance during the motion of humanoid NAOs toward respective targets. The simulation analysis of the proposed techniques is carried out using V‐REP software. The experiments are performed in laboratory conditions with a proper environment for working of the humanoid NAOs. Finally, a comparison has been made between the simulation and experimental results. The results obtained from the simulation and experimental analyses are in good agreement with each other, which suggest that the proposed methodologies can be used as methods of robust control for the navigation of humanoids.
Single‐Site Heterogeneous Catalysts: From Synthesis to NMR Signal Enhancement
Authors: Burueva Dudari B. , Kovtunova Larisa M. , Bukhtiyarov Valerii I. , Kovtunov Kirill V. , Koptyug Igor V. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractCatalysts with well‐defined, single, active centers are of great importance and their utilization allows the gap between homo‐ and heterogeneous catalysis to be bridged and, importantly, the main selectivity problem of heterogeneous catalysis and the main separation challenge of homogeneous catalysis to be overcome. Moreover, the use of single‐site catalysts allows the NMR signal to be significantly enhanced through the pairwise addition of two hydrogen atoms from a parahydrogen molecule to an unsaturated substrate. This review covers the fundamentals of the synthesis of single‐site catalysts and shows the new aspects of their applications in both modern catalysis and the field of parahydrogen‐based hyperpolarization. The different novel aspects of the formation and utilization of single‐site catalysts, along with the possibility of NMR signal enhancement observations are described.
An efficient boundary control for porous media equation: Motivated by water coning problem
Authors: Safari Mehdi , Ameri Mohammad Javad , Naderifar Abbas 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe porous media equation is a nonlinear partially differential equation (PDE) that is extensively applied in industries. One such case is regarding the water coning problem in oil reservoirs. This phenomenon may result in decreasing oil production rates and increasing water cut production as well as costs that may lead to the early closure of an oil well. Conventionally, well shutting‐in is the only treatment approach when a well faces this problem; however, this does not lead to full reservoir depletion. Recently, the boundary control approach has been proposed to solve the water coning problem. The most important and challenging question is the following: which controllers guarantee that this issue will be resolved?To deal with the water coning issue, first, several types of controllers were considered and applied on the nonlinear PDE. Next, to investigate the stability behaviour of each controller, the direct Lyapunov approach was employed. Finally, to support the results of the analytical part of this paper and to compare the performance of those controllers, numerical simulations were performed. The results show that only for those control laws that guarantee the asymptotic and exponential stability of the nonlinear PDE, the thickness of the oil column tends to zero as time tends to infinity for the whole spatial domain. In addition, a novel controller, which is introduced in the present study, fulfills the exponential stability and is more efficient than other presented controllers. Using the controller, the whole oil column is drained out about 16 % faster without water breakthrough.
Using cupriethylenediamine (CED) solution to decrease cellulose fibre network strength for removal of pulp fibre plugs
Authors: Zhang Wen‐Hui , Christensen Ryan Mitchell , Lutes Ryan , Liu Xuesi , Zhang Jinli , Martinez Mark , Pande Harshad , Marcoccia Bruno , Ni Yonghao 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe pulp and paper industry is the largest industrial sector that converts wood‐based materials into fibre‐related products. It is common for pulp fibre plugs to develop within pipelines and equipment causing operational downtime, which ultimately requires the use of costly procedures for plug removal. In this study, a laboratory‐scale set‐up was developed to measure the breakup pressure of pre‐formed plugs to indicate the plug (fibre network) strength. A cupriethylenediamine (CED) solution was investigated with regards to its ability to decrease the plug strength. When the concentration of the CED solution is 0.1 M or lower, the plug breakup pressure increases due to fibre swelling. Conversely, when the CED concentration is 0.2 M or greater, the plug breakup pressure decreases significantly due to partial fibre dissolution.
Prior‐based model checking
Authors: Al‐Labadi Luai , Evans Michael 
Published: August 2018

AbstractModel checking procedures are considered based on the use of the Dirichlet process and relative belief. This combination is seen to lead to some unique advantages for this problem. Of considerable importance is the selection of the hyperparameters for the Dirichlet process. A particular choice is advocated here for the base distribution that avoids prior‐data conflict and double use of the data, while the choice of the concentration parameter is based on elicitation. Several examples are presented in which the proposed approach exhibits excellent performance.The Canadian Journal of Statistics46: 380–398; 2018 © 2018 Statistical Society of Canada
The gut microbiome and aquatic toxicology: An emerging concept for environmental health
Authors: Adamovsky Ondrej , Buerger Amanda N. , Wormington Alexis M. , Ector Naomi , Griffitt Robert J. , Bisesi Joseph H. , Martyniuk Christopher J. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract

The microbiome plays an essential role in the health and onset of diseases in all animals, including humans. The microbiome has emerged as a central theme in environmental toxicology because microbes interact with the host immune system in addition to its role in chemical detoxification. Pathophysiological changes in the gastrointestinal tissue caused by ingested chemicals and metabolites generated from microbial biodegradation can lead to systemic adverse effects. The present critical review dissects what we know about the impacts of environmental contaminants on the microbiome of aquatic species, with special emphasis on the gut microbiome. We highlight some of the known major gut epithelium proteins in vertebrate hosts that are targets for chemical perturbation, proteins that also directly cross-talk with the microbiome. These proteins may act as molecular initiators for altered gut function, and we propose a general framework for an adverse outcome pathway that considers gut dysbiosis as a major contributing factor to adverse apical endpoints. We present 2 case studies, nanomaterials and hydrocarbons, with special emphasis on the Deepwater Horizon oil spill, to illustrate how investigations into the microbiome can improve understanding of adverse outcomes. Lastly, we present strategies to functionally relate chemical-induced gut dysbiosis with adverse outcomes because this is required to demonstrate cause–effect relationships. Further investigations into the toxicant–microbiome relationship may prove to be a major breakthrough for improving animal and human health. Environ Toxicol Chem 2018;37:2758–2775. © 2018 SETAC
Modeling and forecasting intraday VaR of an exchange rate portfolio
Authors: Abbara Omar , Zevallos Mauricio 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe main task of this work was to predict, for the next 15 minutes, the value‐at‐risk (VaR) of an equally weighted portfolio composed of four exchange rates against the American dollar: Japanese yen, euro, Australian dollar and Swiss franc. The dataset consists of transaction prices of each asset recorded every 15 minutes, from January 7, 2013 to December 31, 2013. For each time series, the multiplicative‐component generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity model of Engle and Sokalska (Journal of Financial Econometrics, 2012, 10, 54–83) is fitted, and the dependence among the series is modeled by a D‐vine pair‐copula. VaR predictions are estimated based on simulated observations of the fitted model following the proposal of Berg and Aas (European Journal of Finance, 2009, 15, 639–659). The proposed method presents good results in terms of out‐of‐sample intraday VaR forecasting.
Reduced local segregation of single‐subject gray matter networks in adult PTSD
Authors: Niu Running , Lei Du , Chen Fuqin , Chen Ying , Suo Xueling , Li Lingjiang , Lui Su , Huang Xiaoqi , Sweeney John A. , Gong Qiyong 
Published: August 2018

AbstractTo psychoradiologically investigate the topological organization of single‐subject gray matter networks in patients with PTSD. Eighty‐nine adult PTSD patients and 88 trauma‐exposed controls (TEC) underwent a structural T1 magnetic resonance imaging scan. The single‐subject brain structural networks were constructed based on gray matter similarity of 90 brain regions. The area under the curve (AUC) of each network metric was calculated and both global and nodal network properties were measured in graph theory analysis. We used nonparametric permutation tests to identify group differences in topological metrics. Relationships between brain network measures and clinical symptom severity were analyzed in the PTSD group. Compared with TEC, brain networks of PTSD patients were characterized by decreased clustering coefficient (Cp) (p = .04) and local efficiency (Eloc) (p = .04). Locally, patients with PTSD exhibited altered nodal centrality involving medial superior frontal (mSFG), inferior orbital frontal (iOFG), superior parietal (SPG), middle frontal (MFG), angular, and para‐hippocampal gyri (p < .05, corrected). A negative correlation between the segregation (Cp) of gray matter and functional networks was found in PTSD patients but not the TEC group. Analyses of topological brain gray matter networks indicate a more randomly organized brain network in PTSD. The reduced segregation in gray matter networks and its negative relation with increased segregation in the functional network indicate an inverse relation between gray matter and functional changes. The present psychoradiological findings may reflect a compensatory increase in functional network segregation following a loss of segregation in gray matter networks.
Pillar[6]arene‐based Molecular Trap with Unusual Conformation and Topology
Authors: Tan Li‐Li , Li Yupeng , Jin Yinghua , Zhang Wei , Yang Ying‐Wei 
Published: August 2018

AbstractA new low‐density pillar[6]arene‐based SOF (P6‐SOF‐2) with unusual topology of 3D uninodal 6‐connected pcu alpha‐Po primitive cubic topology for P6 was successfully constructed. In P6‐SOF‐2, each P6 ring adopts unprecedented C2 symmetric chair‐like conformation. More importantly, P6‐SOF‐2 owned 3D interconnected channels and large void volume, which would facilitate gas molecule transportation and adsorption. Binding sites, binding energies and interactions of C2H2, CO2 and C2H4 were investigated via SCC‐DFTB calculations. These gases preferred to trap in unguiculate intrinsic cavity of P6, like a molecular trap. Governed by size‐exclusive effect and van der Waals interactions, the order of the binding of the adsorbed gases by P6‐SOF‐2 is CO2>C2H2>C2H4, which facilitates the possible selective adsorption properties. Our study opens new perspectives in the development of SOFs.
Blends of lemongrass derivatives and lime for the preparation of mixed beverages: antioxidant, physicochemical, and sensory properties
Authors: Kieling Dirlei Diedrich , Prudencio Sandra Helena 
Published: August 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDLemongrass is an aromatic plant with antioxidant and antimicrobial properties, used for the preparation of medicinal tea and for essential oil production. Previous studies have shown that extracts of lemongrass leaves contain phenolic compounds associated with health benefits. Although essential oils have been widely used as flavoring agents, there is no scientific evidence regarding the use of lemongrass essential oils in beverages. Thus, the objectives of the present study were to develop blends with lemongrass derivatives (aqueous extract, lyophilized extract, and essential oil) and lime juice for the preparation of mixed beverages, to evaluate the antioxidant and physicochemical characteristics of blends, and to determine the sensory profile and acceptance of mixed beverages.RESULTSThe formulated blends showed favorable physicochemical characteristics such as acidity and color, and they contained bioactive compounds (phenolics and vitamin C) and important antioxidant properties. Mixed beverages prepared from blends containing aqueous extract or lyophilized extract plus essential oil, which showed higher intensity of lemongrass aroma and flavor, were more readily accepted.CONCLUSIONThis study demonstrates that it is possible to make suitable blends with lemongrass derivatives and lime juice for the preparation of high‐quality mixed beverages with sensory pleasantness, and potentially beneficial health components. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Leaf removal at veraison stage differentially affects qualitative attributes and bioactive composition of fresh and dehydrated grapes of two indigenous Cypriot cultivars
Authors: Constantinou Savvas , Gómez‐Caravaca Ana Maria , Goulas Vlasios , Fernandez‐Gutierrez Alberto , Koundouras Stefanos , Manganaris George A 
Published: August 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe effect of leaf removal on postharvest performance of dehydrated grapes has been poorly analyzed. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of leaf removal at veraison stage on the metabolites of fresh and dehydrated grapes of two indigenous Cypriot cultivars (‘Mavro’ and ‘Xynisteri’), which are destined for the production of ‘Commandaria’, a protected designation of origin (PDO) premium sweet wine.RESULTSLeaf removal led to a reduction of soluble solids, titratable acidity, aroma potential and most of the phenolic groups in the musts of both cultivars. Dehydration led to a significant increase in all of these parameters in both cultivars, being more pronounced in cv. ‘Mavro’. Interestingly, leaf removal indicated differential response in the dehydrated product of the cultivars examined; liquid chromatography (LC‐DAD‐qTOF‐MS) data showed a significant decrease in phenolic compounds in ‘Xynisteri’ must (from 66.73 to 44.15 mg L−1), while ‘Mavro’ must registered similar values of phenolic compounds (from 94.78 to 96.72 mg L−1), but with a different distribution among phenolic groups. Intriguingly, flavonols and flavan‐3‐ols that present significant health‐promoting properties showed higher concentrations in the must from dehydrated ‘Mavro’ grapes that were subjected to preharvest leaf removal.CONCLUSIONSLeaf removal at veraison stage followed by sun drying differentially affected the chemical composition of the examined cultivars. This preharvest application followed by postharvest dehydration was beneficial for cv. ‘Mavro’, while this was not the case for cv. ‘Xynisteri’. The effects of leaf removal in other developmental stages (i.e. pre/post bloom stage) need to be dissected with the ultimate goal of providing an end product with high bioactive content. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Global weak solutions for a generalized Camassa–Holm equation
Authors: Tu Xi , Yin Zhaoyang 
Published: August 2018

AbstractIn this paper we mainly investigate the Cauchy problem of a generalized Camassa–Holm equation. We first derive two global existence results and two blow‐up results from the relationship between the Degasperis–Procesi equation and the generalized Camassa–Holm equation. We then prove the existence and uniqueness of global weak solutions under some certain sign conditions on the initial data.