bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Research of Information Delay in the Neural Network Forecast Remote Control System
Authors: Shuping Xu , Yiwei Chen , Xinhua Cheng , Xiaohui Su 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Aiming at the issues of random delay and delay uncertainty in both the before channel and feedback channel for network control system, the root causes of random delay influence closed-loop control system by case is analysis, and the predictive control method based on neural network to solve the feasibility of existence network random delay in control system closed-loop control has provided. Simulation results show that the method can reflect and predict the delay characteristics of between measurement data represents the network path, and can effectively substitute for the actual network in the design of closed-loop control system based on Internet to research; the method used fast and accurate can be used for online learning network model and forecast the network delay value, provides a new way to remote closed-loop control based on Internet.
DSM Modelling for Digital Design Using Verilog HDL
Authors: Xue Xing , Chen Yao , Wei Junchao 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
In the practice of product design, the efficient control of complexity has increasingly gained importance. The Dependency Structure Matrix (DSM) has proved to be a useful tool for analysing system structure and managing structural complexity. In order to provide a deep insight of system structure in designing Verilog HDL source code artefacts for digital system designers and project managers, the paper proposes a DSM modelling method based on the characteristics of the digital system structural modelling with Verilog and the component dependencies relationship. A DSM modelling example is presented. Result shows that with the DSM model, the source code artefacts can be efficiently analyzed.
Improved K-means Algorithm Based on optimizing Initial Cluster Centers and Its Application
Authors: Linyao Xue , Jianguo Wang 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Data mining is a process of data grouping or partitioning from the large and complex data, and the clustering analysis is an important research field in data mining. The K-means algorithm is considered to be the most important unsupervised machine learning method in clustering, which can divide all the data into k subclasses that are very different from each other. By constantly iterating, the distance between each data object and the center of its subclass is minimized. Because K-means algorithm is simple and efficient, it is applied to data mining, knowledge discovery and other fields. However, the algorithm has its inherent shortcomings, such as the K value in the K-means algorithm needs to be given in advance; clustering results are highly dependent on the selection of initial clustering centers and so on. In order to adapt to the historical data clustering of the geological disaster monitoring system, this paper presents a method to optimize the initial clustering center and the method of isolating points. The experimental results show that the improved k-means algorithm is better than the traditional clustering in terms of accuracy and stability, and the experimental results are closer to the actual data distribution.
Research and Implementation of Load Balancing Technology for Cloud Computing
Authors: Hong Sun , Weifeng Wang , Shiping Chen , Liping Xu 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
This article selects load balancing system technology to analyze, combines the live migration technology of virtual machine, and studys the frame of virtual machine live migration as well as the mathematical model applied to concrete process of the migration. The article presents that the process of combining the specific strategies of load balance to the frame of live migration, that the simulation experiment and conclusion to this total process. The study takes Eucalyptus as experimental platform, and decides initial to take Xen as experimental virtual machine. The article’s innovations are to optimize the design of virtual machine live migration in cloud environment, and to combine the specific strategies of load balance to the process of live migration. After designing and analyzing the specific strategies of load balance modularization, according to rationalizations that the technology of live migration can apply to the specific strategies of load balance, the study sets the measure index to evaluate load balance, and solute consequently the problem of load in cloud environment, which is realized in the process of live migration. It turned out that algorithm fusion raised has obvious performance advantages.
Multi Objective Optimization of Virtual Machine Migration Placement Based on Cloud Computing
Authors: Hong Sun , Qing Tang , Liping Xu , Shiping Chen 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
How to improve the resource utilization of the cloud computing system has been one of the key content of the research of the cloud computing. The traditional multi-objective ant colony optimization was improved, studied the virtual machine live migration framework, combined with the elimination method to solve virtual machine migration and placement of multi-objective optimization problem, the load balanced specific strategies are integrated into the framework of a dynamic migration, simulation experiments are carried out and the conclusions are made for it. The algorithm can obtain the optimal solution through the continuous updating of pheromone. The main consideration is the Service level contract violation rate(S), Resource loss(W),Power consumption (P). Experimental results show that ,compared with the traditional heuristic method and genetic algorithm, the algorithm is advantageous to the parallel computation, and it’s able to achieve the optimal tradeoff and compromise between multiple conflicting objectives. In the case of service level contract violation rate is low, system resource waste and power consumption are at the least, so it has feasibility.
Acute High Temperature Response in Wheat
Authors: Nuttall James G. , Barlow Kirsten M. , Delahunty Audrey J. , Christy Brendan P. , O’Leary Garry J. 
Published: May 2018

Core Ideas
Heat waves can significantly reduce wheat production and quality in arable cropping regions.
Modeling could aid the development of adaptive strategies to climate and weather variables.
Further model refinement for step‐change response of wheat to high temperature is required.
High temperature applied 5 days prior to anthesis reduced grain set by 0.16% per °C×h (>32°C).
High temperature applied after anthesis reduced individual grain weight by 0.05% per °C×h (>32°C).
Heat waves have a significant impact on crop production and quality of many staple grains including wheat. Under climate change, changing weather patterns including greater temperature volatility are also likely to further affect yield stability. Simulation modeling provides a powerful tool to investigate the interactive effects of abiotic factors and develop adaptive strategies; however, many of these models do not adequately account for the step change response to high temperature occurring during the crop reproductive phase. Empirical response data will support the development of robust algorithms for crop models. We present results from three experiments on the response of wheat to a range of acute high‐temperature treatments. For 35, 37, and 42°C and 1, 3, and 5 d of exposure (∼6 h d−1), expressed as heat sum, °C×h (above 32°C), high temperature applied 5 d prior to anthesis reduced grain number and yield by 0.16 and 0.15% per °C×h respectively, whereas individual grain weight and grain nitrogen concentration increased by 0.03 and 0.06% per °C×h, respectively. For high temperature applied after anthesis, individual grain weight decreased by 0.05% per °C×h, grain nitrogen concentration increased by 0.03% per °C×h, and yield was reduced by 0.07% per °C×h. The often asymptotic response meant exponential functions provided a superior fit. Water availability prior to anthesis attenuated wheat response to high temperature. Such algorithms could contribute to improving our prediction of the step change response of wheat to high temperature within crop models and more broadly contribute to developing strategies for crop adaptation to climate change using a modeling approach.
Short‐term Detection of Imidacloprid in Streams after Applications in Forests
Authors: Wiggins Greg , Benton Elizabeth , Grant Jerome , Kerr Marie , Lambdin Paris 
Published: May 2018

Imidacloprid, a neonicotinoid insecticide, is a major component of hemlock woolly adelgid (HWA) [Adelges tsugae (Annand)] management programs that are critical to protecting forest health in the eastern United States. However, the impact of imidacloprid soil applications in forests on some aquatic macroinvertebrate species by leaching into aquatic systems is uncertain. The time for residues from imidacloprid soil applications to migrate from treated hemlocks to nearby streams and the concentrations at which imidacloprid may occur after initial migration is unknown. The presence and concentration of imidacloprid in three streams adjacent to recently treated hemlock (soil drench >10 m from stream channels) were assessed in the Big South Fork National River and Recreation Area. Two standard water grabs were collected monthly for 1 yr from a location downstream from imidacloprid‐treated areas. Samples were analyzed using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (limit of detection = 0.025 μg L−1). Imidacloprid was detected in all treatment streams during a single rain event that occurred 184 to 196 d after treatments, and concentrations ranged from 0.053 to 0.833 μg L−1. Imidacloprid was not detected on any other sampling date from treatment streams. All observed positive detections exceeded the USEPA freshwater invertebrate chronic endpoint (0.01 μg L−1). One stream sample exceeded the USEPA freshwater invertebrate acute endpoint (0.39 μg L−1). However, previous macroinvertebrate community assessments in streams with similar concentrations did not indicate negative effects to aquatic fauna. These findings help characterize the risk of imidacloprid treatments to stream macroinvertebrates within 1 yr of soil applications.Core Ideas
Short‐term movement of imidacloprid from treated forest trees to streams was unclear.
Imidacloprid was detected in all three treatment streams ≥184 d after treatment.
Imidacloprid concentrations in streams ranged from 0.053 to 0.833 μg L−1.
Some concentrations were above USEPA freshwater invertebrate chronic and acute endpoints.
Fate of Pirlimycin and Antibiotic‐Resistant Fecal Coliforms in Field Plots Amended with Dairy Manure or Compost during Vegetable Cultivation
Authors: Wind Lauren , Krometis Leigh‐Anne , Hession W. Cully , Chen Chaoqi , Du Pang , Jacobs Kyle , Xia Kang , Pruden Amy 
Published: May 2018

Identification of agricultural practices that mitigate the environmental dissemination of antibiotics is a key need in reducing the prevalence of antibiotic‐resistant bacteria of human health concern. Here, we aimed to compare the effects of crop (lettuce [Lactuca sativa L.] or radish [Raphanus sativus L.]), soil amendment type (inorganic fertilizer, raw dairy manure, composted dairy manure, or no amendment), and prior antibiotic use history (no antibiotics during previous lactation cycles vs. manure mixed from cows administered pirlimycin or cephapirin) of manure‐derived amendments on the incidence of culturable antibiotic‐resistant fecal coliforms in agricultural soils through a controlled field‐plot experiment. Antibiotic‐resistant culturable fecal coliforms were recoverable from soils across all treatments immediately after application, although persistence throughout the experiment varied by antibiotic class and time. The magnitude of observed coliform counts differed by soil amendment type. Compost‐amended soils had the highest levels of cephalosporin‐resistant fecal coliforms, regardless of whether the cows from which the manure was derived were administered antibiotics. Samples from control plots or those treated with inorganic fertilizer trended toward lower counts of resistant coliforms, although these differences were not statistically significant. No statistical differences were observed between soils that grew leafy (lettuce) versus rooted (radish) crops. Only pirlimycin was detectable past amendment application in raw manure‐amended soils, dissipating 12 to 25% by Day 28. Consequently, no quantifiable correlations between coliform count and antibiotic magnitude could be identified. This study demonstrates that antibiotic‐resistant fecal coliforms can become elevated in soils receiving manure‐derived amendments, but that a variety of factors likely contribute to their long‐term persistence under typical field conditions.Core Ideas
Pirlimycin was only detected in soils amended with raw dairy manure.
Persistence of ARBs in soil was dependent on antibiotic class and time.
Compost‐amended soils had the highest levels of fecal coliforms resistant to cephalosporins.
Antibiotic presence may not be the sole driver of resistance, as ARBs were found in all soils.
Evaluating Commercial Moisture Probes in Reference Solutions Covering Mineral to Peat Soil Conditions
Authors: Dettmann Ullrich , Bechtold Michel 
Published: May 2018

Core Ideas
Two commercially available moisture probes were tested on reference solutions.
Dielectric permittivity was measured across the range from 1 to about 80.
Uncertainties increased with increasing dielectric permittivity.
Electric conductivity influenced dielectric permittivity measurements.
Capability of the probes to measure electric conductivities differed among the probe types.
Capacitance and time domain reflectometry (TDR) probes are frequently used for measurements of the volumetric soil water content. The measurement concept is based on the correlation between volumetric water content and dielectric permittivity (ε). While considerable effort has been made to accurately measure ε in the typical range of mineral soils (<40), little attention has been paid to the capability of moisture probes to measure high ε (>40), typical for highly porous media like organic soils. We evaluated the capability of two moisture probe types (TRIME‐PICO 64 and GS3) to measure ε across the range from 1 to 80. In the case of the TRIME probes, different equations to calculate ε from transit times were tested. Measuring in a set of reference solutions, the TRIME probes had an RMSE of 18.73 for ε values derived using the manufacturer's calibration. With a new calibration, the RMSE was decreased to 3.55. The GS3 probes had an RMSE of 3.96. For both probes, uncertainties increased with increasing ε. We also tested the performance for different electrical conductivities of the reference solutions. Accuracy of ε values was unaffected by increasing conductivities for the TRIME probes but decreased for the GS3 probes. The GS3 probes, however, were able to determine electric conductivities accurately, while TRIME probes failed for electrical conductivity although indicated differently by the manufacturer.
Faster and Efficient Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) System
Authors: Gupta Ashi 
Published: April 2018

In this paper the author has developed a new design to implement the TDMA(Time division multiple access) system. It is a verilog code that is simulated on the “Mentor graphics MODEL SIM- ALTERA 10.1d(QUARTUS II 13.0) “ software. It allows several users to share the same frequency channel by dividing the signal into different time slots. It takes requests from the users, processes them and provide grants to the users one by one according to the priority set, in one clock cycle per grant better than the previous design which takes more than 2 cycles to process 1 request.
The Kinetics of the Oxidation of Lysine by μ-Peroxo-Bridged Binuclear Cobalt (III) Complex of Succinimide in Aqueous Hydrochloric Acid Medium
Authors: Adetoro A , Idris S.O. , Onu A.D. , Okibe F.G 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Kinetics of oxidation of Lysine (Lys) and mechanisms by μ-peroxo bis[bis(ethylenediamine)succinimidato-dicobalt(III)]dinitratedihydrate; [LCo(μ-O2)CoL](NO3)2.2H2O (L = suc(en)2), hereafter the complex, was investigated at 420 nm wavelength of maximum absorption of the complex under the conditions hydrogen ions concentration = 1.8 × 10-2 mol dm-3, temperature = 24 ± 1 °C, [LCo(μ-O2)CoL2+] = 1.4 × 10-4 mol dm-3 and ionic strength = 0.5 mol dm-3. First order in [LCo(μ- O2)CoL2+] and [Lys] were obtained but inverse first order in [H+]. The proposed overall rate equation is as shown:
Rate of the reaction decreases when hydrogen ions concentration increase and exhibited converse effect with increase in concentration of ionic strength from 0.1 - 1.3 mol dm-3. Added cations and anions affected the reaction rate and the Michaelis-Menten plot passed through the origin indicating no absence of intermediate complex in the electron transfer processes. Putting all the results obtained together, the most probable reaction mechanism is in favour of outer-sphere and an appropriate rate law is established using steady state approximation.
The Bacas and the Priests: How Old Adversaries Came Together to Revive and Reinterpret Tradition
Authors: Sendyka Pawel 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
In the Polish pastoralist tradition there have always been two seminal community events which bracketed the winter season. There was the autumn event of “Redyk Jesienny” when the sheep brought back from the summer alpine pastures were given back to their owners and there was also a spring “Redyk” also called “Mieszanie Owiec” which literally means the Mixing of Sheep. Historically, it was an important event in which the head shepherd, or the baca had to use his magical knowledge to ensure that the big herd made up of sheep from the individual owners would keep together as one and produce enough milk to make this summer venture profitable. To do that he used magic spells and performed rituals learned from his predecessors. The bacas' magical knowledge was frequently in opposition to the powers of the priests who viewed them with suspicion. Today, this spring event of “Mieszanie Owiec” is much changed. It is no longer a private affair of the baca and the sheep owners. Frequently, it is a public event, a tourist attraction, with the priests often taking centre stage. There is even a new, “invented” tradition of region wide “Mieszanie” at the sanctuary of Ludźmierz. There, a small herd of around 200 sheep is symbolically used to bless all the herds going up the mountain pastures for the season. The paper examines how these traditions changed from old ethnographic descriptions and how they are evolving in a modern economic and social reality.
Kandungan Metabolit Sekunder dan Uji Aktivitas Daun Pila-Pila (Mallotus paniculatus)
Authors: Dewi Sri Indah Mulyawan , Ardana Mirhansyah , Rijai Laode 
Published: May 2018

Tumbuhan pila-pila (Mallotus paniculatus) adalah tumbuhan yang banyak digunakan oleh masyarakat suku dayak untuk mengatasi demam, diare, dan gatal-gatal pada kulit namun belum ada bukti ilmiah yang menunjukkan manfaat dari tumbuhan ini secara pasti di Indonesia sehingga penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui rendemen ekstrak, golongan metabolit sekunder, potensi toksisitas daun pila-pila terhadap Artemia salina Leach, dan potensi antioksidan daun pila-pila terhadap DPPH (2,2-difenil-1-pikrilhidrazil). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode maserasi dengan pelarut metanol untuk mengekstraksi daun pila-pila, metode BSLT (Brine Shrimp Lethality Test) serta analisis Reed and Muench untuk mengetahui nilai LC50­ dan menggunakan metode peredaman terhadap DPPH serta analisis regresi linier untuk mengetahui nilai IC50 pada ekstrak metanol daun pila-pila. Hasil rendemen ekstrak adalah 28.5 % dan hasil identifikasi golongan metabolit sekunder ekstrak metanol daun pila-pila yaitu flavonoid, steroid, fenolik, dan alkaloid. Nilai LC50 ekstrak metanol daun pila-pila adalah 320,19 ppm dengan nilai r = 0,999 dan nilai IC50 ekstrak metanol daun pila-pila adalah 240,94 ppm dengan nilai r = 0,987.
Isolasi Senyawa Antioksidan dari Daun Pila-Pila (Mallotus paniculatus)
Authors: Maulida Wulan , Fadraersada Jaka , Rijai Laode 
Published: May 2018

Pila – pila (Mallotus paniculatus) merupakan tumbuhan semak yang secara empiris digunakan sebagai antioksidan. Antioksidan adalah senyawa yang dapat menunda, mencegah atau memperlambat reaksi oksidasi. Telah dilakukan penelitian mengenai isolasi senyawa dan uji antioksidan daun pila – pila. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mencari eluen terbaik dalam pemisahan senyawa dari daun pila - pila menggunakan metode kromatografi lapis tipis (KLT) dan mengetahui aktivitas antioksidan pada senyawa tersebut. Sebanyak 10,0 g ekstrak metanol daun pila – pila difraksinasi dengan metode padat – cair dan didapat fraksi etil asetat, N-butanol, dan metanol. Uji antioksidan pada fraksi dilakukan menggunakan radikal 1,1-Difenil-2-Pikrilhidrazil (DPPH) 100 ppm dan dihasilkan fraksi setil asetat yang terbaik. Kemudian fraksi etil asetat diisolasi dengan metode kromatografi kolom menggunakan beberapa jenis eluen yaitu N-heksan:etil asetat (9:1;8:2;7:3), kloroform:metanol (9:1;8:2;7:3;6:4;5:5) dan metanol. Hasil isolasi diperoleh 9 kelompok sub fraksi. Pada sub fraksi 1 hingga 9 terdapat kristal yang telah diketahui eluen terbaiknya adalah N-heksan : etil asetat. Sub fraksi 1, 2, 3, 8, dan 9 memiliki aktivitas antioksidan yang ditandai dengan terbentuknya noda berwarna kuning pada plat KLT dengan latar berwarna ungu.
Kajian Karakteristik dan Pola Pengobatan Pasien Infeksi Menular Seksual di RSUD Aw Sjahranie Samarinda
Authors: Rahayu Yuniarti Pudji , Ramadhan Adam M. , Rijai Laode 
Published: May 2018

Penyakit menular seksual adalah bagian dari infeksi saluran reproduksi yang disebabkan oleh bakteri, jamur, dan virus yang masuk dan berkembang biak di dalam tubuh yang ditularkan melalui hubungan seksual. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik pasien, jenis-jenis penyakit infeksi menular seksual, dan pengobatan infeksi menular seksual. Metode ini dilakukan secara retrospektif dengan menggunakan hasil observasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pasien infeksi menular terbanyak berjenis kelamin laki-laki yakni sebanyak 55 pasien (50,93 %), sedangkan 53 pasien (49,07 %) berjenis kelamin perempuan. Karakteristik pasien laki-laki penderita infeksi menular seksual mayoritas berusia pada masa dewasa awal, 26-35 (21,29 %), tingkat pendidikan SLTA (41,67%), pekerjaan sebagai karyawan swasta (34,26%), dan status belum menikah (27,78%). Sedangkan karakteristik pada pasien perempuan penderita PMS mayoritas berusia pada masa remaja akhir, 17-25 (22,22%), tingkat pendidikan SLTA (21,30%), pekerjaan sebagai IRT (25,93%), dan status menikah (36,11%). Jenis penyakit infeksi menular seksual dengan kasus terbanyak pada pasien laki-laki ialah Gonorrhea yakni sebanyak 24,07 %, sedangkan pada pasien perempuan ialah Kondiloma Akuminata yakni sebanyak 24,07%. Obat yang paling sering digunakan pada pengobatan Gonorrhea ialah Sefiksim (38,71%), pada pengobatan Kondiloma Akuminata ialah Ciprofloxacin (28,57%), pada pengobatan Herpes Genital ialah Asiklovir (77,80%), pada pengobatan Candidiasis ialah Ketokonazol (100%), pada pengobatan Sifilis ialah Doxicyclin (66,67%), pada pengobatan Ulkus Genital ialah Ciprofloxacin (50%), dan pada pengobatan Trichomoniasis ialah Metronidazol (66,67%).
DYNAMICS OF INCIDENCE OF SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS IN THE EVALUATION OF THE EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PROCESS AND STATE OF HEALTH OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION POPULATION IN 2006–2016
Authors: Kubanova Anna A. , Kubanov Alexey A. , Melekhina Lidiya E. 
Published: April 2018

The paper presents the analysis of the incidence of sexually transmitted infections among the population of the Russian Federation and among children age of 0–14 and adolescentsage of 15–17 in 2006–2016.