bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evidence for a regulated Ca2+ entry in proximal tubular cells and its implication in calcium stone formation
Authors: Ibeh Cliff-Lawrence , Yiu Allen J. , Kanaras Yianni L. , Paal Edina , Birnbaumer Lutz , Jose Pedro A. , Bandyopadhyay Bidhan C. 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACT
Calcium phosphate (CaP) crystals, which begin to form in the early segments of the loop of Henle (LOH), are known to act as precursors for calcium stone formation. The proximal tubule (PT), which is just upstream of the LOH and is a major site for Ca2+ reabsorption, could be a regulator of such CaP crystal formation. However, PT Ca2+ reabsorption is mostly described as being paracellular. Here, we show the existence of a regulated transcellular Ca2+ entry pathway in luminal membrane PT cells induced by Ca2+-sensing receptor (CSR, also known as CASR)-mediated activation of transient receptor potential canonical 3 (TRPC3) channels. In support of this idea, we found that both CSR and TRPC3 are physically and functionally coupled at the luminal membrane of PT cells. More importantly, TRPC3-deficient mice presented with a deficiency in PT Ca2+ entry/transport, elevated urinary [Ca2+], microcalcifications in LOH and urine microcrystals formations. Taken together, these data suggest that a signaling complex comprising CSR and TRPC3 exists in the PT and can mediate transcellular Ca2+ transport, which could be critical in maintaining the PT luminal [Ca2+] to mitigate formation of the CaP crystals in LOH and subsequent formation of calcium stones.
Crosstalk of PD-1 signaling with the SIRT1/FOXO-1 axis during the progression of visceral leishmaniasis
Authors: Roy Shalini , Saha Shriya , Gupta Purnima , Ukil Anindita , Das Pijush K. 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACT
Previously, we documented the role of the programmed death-1 (PD-1, also known as PDCD1) pathway in macrophage apoptosis and the downregulation of this signaling during infection by the intra-macrophage parasite Leishmania donovani. However, we also found that, during the late phase of infection, PD-1 expression was significantly increased without activating host cell apoptosis; here we show that inhibition of PD-1 led to markedly decreased parasite survival, along with increased production of TNFα, IL-12, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO). Increased PD-1 led to inactivation of AKT proteins resulting in nuclear sequestration of FOXO-1. Transfecting infected cells with constitutively active FOXO-1 (CA-FOXO) led to increased cell death, thereby suggesting that nuclear FOXO-1 might be inactivated. Infection significantly induced the expression of SIRT1, which inactivated FOXO-1 through deacetylation, and its knockdown led to increased apoptosis. SIRT1 knockdown also significantly decreased parasite survival along with increased production of TNFα, ROS and NO. Administration of the SIRT1 inhibitor sirtinol (10 mg/kg body weight) in infected mice decreased spleen parasite burden and a synergistic effect was found with PD-1 inhibitor. Collectively, our study shows that Leishmania utilizes the SIRT1/FOXO-1 axis for differentially regulating PD-1 signaling and, although they are interconnected, both pathways independently contribute to intracellular parasite survival.
This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
A theory of change for community interventions to prevent domestic violence against women and girls in Mumbai, India
Authors: Daruwalla Nayreen , Jaswal Surinder , Fernandes Prakash , Pinto Preethi , Hate Ketaki , Ambavkar Gauri , Kakad Bhaskar , Gram Lu , Osrin David 
Published: March 2019

Background:We describe the development of a theory of change for community mobilisation activities to prevent violence against women and girls. These activities are part of a broader program in urban India that works toward primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention of violence and includes crisis response and counselling and medical, police, and legal assistance.Methods:The theory of change was developed in five phases, via expert workshops, use of primary data, recurrent team meetings, adjustment at further meetings and workshops, and a review of published theories.Results:The theory summarises inputs for primary and secondary prevention, consequent changes (positive and negative), and outcomes. It is fully adapted to the program context, was designed through an extended consultative process, emphasises secondary prevention as a pathway to primary prevention, and integrates community activism with referral and counselling interventions.Conclusions:The theory specifies testable causal pathways to impact and will be evaluated in a controlled trial.
Stigma towards non-suicidal self-harm: evaluating a brief educational intervention
Authors: Gibson Rebecca , Carson Jerome , Houghton Trish 
Published: March 2019

Background: health professionals' attitudes towards self-harming behaviour are predominantly negative. Research examining educational interventions to change negative attitudes is limited. Aims: this study aimed to provide an educational intervention for student nurses to change negative attitudes around self-harm. Methods: attitudes around self-harm and mental health in general were assessed through the Self-Harm Antipathy Scale and the Mental Health Attitude Scale. Fifty-five adult nursing students took part in the 45–minute intervention. This included facts and figures, celebrity stories and personal stories regarding self-harm, all intended to increase understanding. Findings: after the intervention, attitudes measured by the Self-Harm Antipathy Scale had improved significantly. Conclusion: patients who self-harm will without doubt continue to experience negative attitudes from health professionals. This study shows an educational intervention can change attitudes towards those who self-harm.
Unusual Case of a Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor Containing a Central Scar
Authors: Sureka Binit , Varshney Vaibhav , Elhence Poonam , Bharti Jyotsna , Yadav Taruna , Garg Pawan Kumar , Khera Pushpinder Singh 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACT
We report a previously unreported case of a pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor with a central scar mimicking a serous neoplasm. To our knowledge, this atypical imaging morphology of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor has not been described before. Our report adds to the body literature that describes atypical imaging variants of neuroendocrine tumors and highlights that clinicians should be aware of the broad imaging characteristics of neuroendocrine tumors.
KONCEPCJE KULTURY A NAUCZANIE I UCZENIE SIĘ JĘZYKÓW OBCYCH – ZARYS TEORETYCZNY
Authors: Mihułka Krystyna 
Published: March 2019

Culture has been the subject of researchers’ consideration for centuries, which is confirmed by hundreds of published definitions of the word culture. Even a perfunctory analysis of those definitions indicates that it is difficult to talk about culture using it as a consistent concept. The aim of this article is therefore to highlight the richness of meaning of the word culture by presenting and discussing the characteristics of culture which appear most frequently in definitions developed by social psychologists, cultural anthropologists, social pedagogues, foreign language acquisition researchers, and students of German philology. The final part of this articlepresents those features of culture which allow to place this concept correctly in the process of foreign language teaching and learning.
SPOTKANIA MIĘDZYKULTUROWE Z PERSPEKTYWY ORGANIZATORA – CIENIE I BLASKI
Authors: Kic-Drgas Joanna 
Published: March 2019

Intercultural meetings are present in foreign language teaching and they are currently gaining popularity. It is the result not only of globalisation but also of the increasing sensitivity and awareness of the coexistence of different cultures. The advantages of intercultural meetingshave been appreciated by teachers and tutors working with different age groups. Leaving aside their benefits, they constitute an enormous organisational challenge at the same time. The following paper aims at discussing the opportunities and potential difficulties related tointercultural challenges based on the survey conducted among Polish and German teachers organising intercultural exchanges.
Risk factors for Opisthorchis viverrini infection in Nakhon Phanom, Thailand, where the infection is highly endemic
Authors: Nakbun Songkran , Thongkrajai Pramote , Nithikathkul Choosak 
Published: March 2019

Abstract

Background
Opisthorchiasis caused by Opisthorchis viverrini is a serious health issue in the Mekong basin region, resulting in a high prevalence of cholangiocarcinoma. Nakhon Phanom province had the highest prevalence of O. viverrini infection in Thailand at 60% of the surveyed population in 2009, despite the attempted control of opisthorchiasis for >50 years. Knowing risk factors for O. viverrini infection in Nakhon Phanom may lead to improved control and prevention of opisthorchiasis.

Objectives
To determine risk factors for O. viverrini infection in Nakhon Phanom.

Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional survey in Nakhon Phanom province from February to March 2014. The community was selected using a stratified random sampling method, and then, participants were selected by systematic random sampling. Individuals ≥15 years old were included. Knowledge of O. viverrini infection, and attitudes and practice to avoid it were assessed using a questionnaire. O. viverrini infection was determined by stool examination with a formalin–ether concentration method. Factors associated with the infection were determined using multivariate logistic regression analysis.

Results
Of the 134 participants, 75 (56%) were infected with O. viverrini. In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, 3 independent factors were associated with O. viverrini infection: age ≥ 55 years, odds ratio (OR) adjusted 6.36 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.28–31.66); consumption of chopped raw-fish salad (koi pla), OR adjusted 28.74 (95% CI 3.59–230.24); and perceived susceptibility, OR adjusted 0.15 (95% CI 0.03–0.74).

Conclusions
Age ≥ 55 years, consuming koi pla, and perceived susceptibility were independently associated with O. viverrini infection in Nakhon Phanom.
Shakespeare’s Post-Colonial Legacy: The Case of Othello
Authors: Löschnigg Maria 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Post-colonial rewritings of European classics have been categorized either as texts which perpetuate colonial structures, or as ‘canonical counterdiscourses’, which stand in clear opposition to the source text. Appropriations of Shakespeare, in particular, have been the target of such polarized readings, which all seem to be based on the assumption that literary texts are fixed discourses. In my essay I shall try to counter the narrow post-colonial conceptualisation of the counter-discourse by taking a closer look at Othello-rewritings, with a special focus on African Murray Carlin’s play Not Now, Sweet Desdemona. As will be illustrated, Carlin’s text, just like so many other Shakespeare rewritings, draws on the ambiguities inherent in the pre-text, in order to engage in a dialogue with the Renaissance tragedy and activate its relevancies for modern post-colonial societies in a global context. The article thus proposes a new approach to Shakespeare rewritings, one that considers the pretexts’ polyvalence and one that exchanges notions of counter-discursivity with notions of textual and cultural reciprocity.
Leni Riefenstahl und Susan Sontag: Gibt es im Sport eine faschistische Ästhetik?
Authors: Ziegler Heide 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Susan Sontag, in a famous essay called “Fascinating Fascism”, first published in 1974, argues that Leni Riefenstahl, who by that time had made a conspicuous come-back as a photographer in the U.S., had always and would always adhere to fascist aesthetics. This essay seeks to demonstrate that as early as 1936, when Riefenstahl began to work on her film Olympia (1938), she had already discarded fascist aesthetics and replaced it by a yearning for what Dreyfus and Kelly, in their important 2011 study, All Things Shining, would call the secular transcendence attaching to sports events that involve top athletes. Since Riefenstahl wanted, and actually managed, to capture such moments of secular transcendence during the 1936 Olympic Games in Berlin through her technical perfection as a film director, she had already implicitly begun to enter on a career which - if we allow for David Foster Wallace’s belief that top athletes fascinate Americans by appealing to their twin obsessions with competitive superiority and hard data - would eventually resemble a typically American career, whereas Sontag’s philosophical attitude remained firmly rooted in European thought until her death in 2004. The careers of these two famous women therefore call for a reconsideration of what we tend to regard as the primary importance of the immediate historico-cultural context of a person’s life.
Migration and the Grotesque in Salman Rushdie’s The Satanic Verses
Authors: Donn Katharina 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
In the following, I explore the mutually enriching dialogue between the grotesque (based on Mikhail Bakhtin) and postcolonial literature that provides a leitmotif in Salman Rushdie’s The Satanic Verses on multiple levels: first and foremost, it defines the migrant protagonists’ experience as one of metamorphosis, transgression and change; in the grotesque just as in the experience of migration, the familiar and the unfamiliar conflate, and this is foregrounded in The Satanic Verses in striking manner: the protagonists Saladin Chamcha and Gibreel Farishta transform physically into grotesquely jointed creatures, one an incarnation of the archangelic divine, the other a goatish Satan. In so, the often violent physicality of the grotesque foregrounds the migrant’s identity formation to be one in which the self not only encounters, but physically integrates and eventually transforms constructions of alterity. In very concise terms, identity here emerges to be a relational process, and this is the reason, too, why the grotesque has been hailed as a new form of postcolonial ethics1 concerned with representations of alterity. The grotesque, however, is also a transformatory force, which overtopples hierarchies and binary oppositions. In The Satanic Verses, the migrant protagonists are thus empowered, by way of their transformations, not only to cross but temporarily to displace borders; their chimerical forms interact with the narrative structure and multiple voices of the text to question the value of cultural hierarchies and divides. The grotesque opens up these borderlines into spaces of hybridity and creative energy, and takes effect, too, on the discourses of fundamentalism that are deconstructed in the text itself and became decisive in the notoriously dramatic aftermath of its publication.
J. M. Coetzee’s ‘Dog-Man’ and the Cynicism of Disgrace
Authors: Wiegandt Kai 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
The article argues that Coetzee’s novel Disgrace positions the animal not only as opposed to protagonist David Lurie but also in him. The novel dramatizes this by focusing on Eros: Lurie gradually replaces his idea of desire derived from the Romantics (Wordsworth, Coleridge) with an idea of instinct that suggests Eros to be common to humans and animals. I argue that Lurie ultimately arrives at a stance similar to that of Diogenes of Sinope, the contemporary of Plato and main representative of the Cynics. Seen against this background, Lurie’s metamorphosis into a ‘dog-man’ becomes readable as recognition of his own animality, a recognition that has decisive consequences for an ethical reading of the novel.
Evaluierung von Rankingverfahren für bibliothekarische Informationssysteme
Authors: Behnert Christiane , Plassmeier Kim , Borst Timo , Lewandowski Dirk 
Published: March 2019

Zusammenfassung
Dieser Beitrag beschreibt eine Studie zur Entwicklung und Evaluierung von Rankingverfahren für bibliothekarische Informationssysteme. Dazu wurden mögliche Faktoren für das Relevanzranking ausgehend von den Verfahren in Websuchmaschinen identifiziert, auf den Bibliothekskontext übertragen und systematisch evaluiert. Mithilfe eines Testsystems, das auf dem ZBW-Informationsportal EconBiz und einer web-basierten Software zur Evaluierung von Suchsystemen aufsetzt, wurden verschiedene Relevanzfaktoren (z. B. Popularität in Verbindung mit Aktualität) getestet. Obwohl die getesteten Rankingverfahren auf einer theoretischen Ebene divers sind, konnten keine einheitlichen Verbesserungen gegenüber den Baseline-Rankings gemessen werden. Die Ergebnisse deuten darauf hin, dass eine Adaptierung des Rankings auf individuelle Nutzer bzw. Nutzungskontexte notwendig sein könnte, um eine höhere Performance zu erzielen.
Model assisted biosignal analysis of atrial electrograms
Authors: Dössel Olaf , Lenis Gustavo , Loewe Axel , Rottmann Markus , Seemann Gunnar , Oesterlein Tobias 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Cardiologists measure electric signals inside the human heart aiming
at a better diagnosis and optimized therapy of atrial arrhythmias like
atrial flutter and atrial fibrillation. The catheters that are used
for this purpose are improving: now they are able to pick up the
electric signals at up to 64 positions inside the heart
simultaneously. The patterns of electric depolarization are sometimes
very simple, comparable to plane waves. But in case of patients with
severe atrial arrhythmias they can be quite complex: U-turns around
a line of block, ectopic centres, break throughs, reentry circuits,
rotors, fractionated signals and chaotic patterns are often
observed. Methods of biosignal analysis can support the cardiologists
in classifying the signals and extract information of high diagnostic
relevance. Computer models of the electrophysiology of the human heart
can serve to design better algorithms for data analysis and to test
algorithms, because the “ground truth” is known.
Evaluation of Training Load During Suspension Exercise
Authors: Giancotti Giuseppe Francesco , Fusco Andrea , Varalda Carlo , Capelli Giovanni , Cortis Cristina 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Giancotti, GF, Fusco, A, Varalda, C, Capelli, G, and Cortis, C. Evaluation of training load during suspension exercise. J Strength Cond Res 35(8): 2151–2157, 2021—The aims of this study were to evaluate body inclination and ground reaction force and to predict equations to estimate the training load distribution during suspension training (ST) static back-row at different lengths of the straps. Thirty volunteers (men = 16 and women = 14; age = 23.3 ± 1.7 years; body mass = 63.9 ± 13.3 kg; height = 167.9 ± 9.2 cm; body mass index [BMI] = 22.5 ± 3.4 kg·m−2) performed 14 static back-rows at 7 different lengths of the straps in 2 different elbow positions (flexed and extended). When the length of the straps increased, ground reaction force and body inclination decreased. Moreover, in the flexed elbow position, higher ground reaction force values were recorded with respect to the extended one. Two multilevel regression models (p < 0.05) were created. In the first one, ground reaction force was used as a dependent variable, whereas body inclination angle, body mass, height, BMI, and elbow position were used as independent variables. Significant (p < 0.05) effects were found for all variables included in the model, with an intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of 0.31. In the second model, the body inclination angle was replaced by the length of the ST device. Significant (p < 0.05) effects were found also in the second model for all variables included, with an ICC of 0.37. The proposed models could provide different methods to quantify the training load distribution, even if the use of the straps' length could result easier and faster than body inclination angle, helping practitioners and instructors to personalize the workout to reach specific purposes and provide load progression.
Power-Related Determinants of Modified Agility T-test Performance in Male Adolescent Basketball Players
Authors: Scanlan Aaron T. , Wen Neal , Pyne David B. , Stojanović Emilija , Milanović Zoran , Conte Daniele , Vaquera Alejandro , Dalbo Vincent J. 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Scanlan, AT, Wen, N, Pyne, DB, Stojanović, E, Milanović, Z, Conte, D, Vaquera, A, and Dalbo, VJ. Power-related determinants of Modified Agility T-test performance in male adolescent basketball players. J Strength Cond Res 35(8): 2248–2254, 2021—Although the Modified Agility T-test (MAT) has been advocated for assessing change-of-direction performance in basketball, the power-related attributes emphasized during the test are unknown. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify the power-related determinants of the MAT in basketball players. A cross-sectional, descriptive research design was used whereby national- and state-level male adolescent basketball players (n = 24; 17.3 ± 0.5 years) completed a battery of power-related performance tests. The tests administered included the MAT, isometric midthigh pull, 10-m sprint, countermovement jump, 1-step vertical jump, standing long jump, and repeated lateral bound. Associations between performance during the MAT and other tests were quantified, and performance in each test was compared between faster (>50th percentile) and slower (<50th percentile) players in the MAT. The MAT exhibited large correlations (p < 0.05) with standing long jump distance (r = −0.67, R
2 = 45%), countermovement jump relative peak force (r = −0.63, R
2 = 39%), isometric midthigh pull relative peak force (r = −0.55, R
2 = 30%), and 10-m sprint time (r = 0.53, R
2 = 28%). The faster group performed better (p < 0.05) during the standing long jump (mean difference; ±90% confidence limits: 0.16; ±0.12 m) and produced greater (p < 0.05) relative peak force during the isometric midthigh pull (2.5; ±2.3 N·kg−1) and countermovement jump (2.1; ±1.8 N·kg−1) than the slower group. The MAT complements other power-related tests used in basketball and stresses basketball-specific, power-related attributes in various movement planes. These data can inform training and testing approaches to optimize change-of-direction performance in basketball.
Hydrothermal structure of a polythermal glacier in Spitsbergen by measurements and numerical modeling
Authors: Sosnovsky A. V. , Macheret Yu. Ya. , Glazovsky A. F. , Lavrentiev I. I. 
Published: March 2019

Thickness of the upper cold ice layer in the ablation area of the polythermal glacier Grønfjordbreen (Spitsbergen) was estimated by means of numerical modeling. The results were compared with data of radio-echo sounding of the same glacier obtained in 1979 and 2012. Numerical experiments with changing water content in the lower layer of temperate ice and surface snow cover thickness made possible to compare calculated and modeled cold ice thicknesses and to estimate their changes for 33‑year period caused by regional climate change. According to data of radio-echo sounding, thickness of the cold ice layer decreased, on average, by 34 m. Numerical modeling shown similar results: the cold ice layer became thinner by 31 m and 39 m at altitudes 100–300 a.s.l. under the snow cover thickness of 1 m and 2 m. We explain this by rising of annual mean air temperature by 0,6 °С as compared to data of the nearest meteorological station Barentsburg in the same period. We believe that changes in cold ice layer thickness in polythermal glaciers can be used for estimation of changes in such regional climatic parameter as mean air temperature at different altitudes of the glacier surface in the ablation area.