bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Real‐time optimal energy management for a fuel cell/battery hybrid system
Authors: Chen Hao , Chen Jian , Liu Zhiyang , Lu Huaxin 
Published: March 2019

AbstractAn energy management strategy is proposed for a class of fuel cell/battery hybrid systems. In such hybrid systems, a fuel cell system is the main power source, and a lithium‐ion battery is the auxiliary power source. In order to manage the system power at the next moment in a reasonable way, a load current filter with bounded estimation errors is designed to estimate the load current. Then, a real‐time optimal energy management algorithm is proposed to optimize economy consumption of the hybrid system. By taking current change rate of the fuel cell and the state of charge into consideration and taking reasonable model simplifications, the optimization problem can be described as a quadratic programming problem. Then a general purpose solver is proposed to solve the quadratic programming problem based on the alternating direction method of multipliers. The efficiency of the proposed solver is much faster than computing interior point method or active set method. Simulation results in MATLAB/SIMULINK are carried out to validate the significant effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed management strategy.
Age‐dependent sexual dimorphism in hippocampal cornu ammonis‐1 perineuronal net expression in rats
Authors: Griffiths Brian B. , Madden Amanda M. K. , Edwards Kimbra A. , Zup Susan L. , Stary Creed M. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractIntroductionPerineuronal nets (PNNs) are extracellular matrices that encompass parvalbumin‐expressing parvalbumin positive (PVALB+) fast‐spiking inhibitory interneurons where they protect and stabilize afferent synapses. Recent observations that gonadal hormones influence PVALB+ neuron development suggest that PNN regulation may be sexually dimorphic. Sex differences in PNN abundance and complexity have been reported in sexually dimorphic nuclei in zebra finch brains; however, corresponding differences in mammalian brains have not been investigated.MethodsIn this study we assessed the number of cortical and hippocampal PNNs in juvenile and young adult male and female rats using fluorescent immunohistochemistry for PVALB and the PNN marker Wisteria Floribunda Lectin.ResultsWe report here that PNNs are numerous and well developed in hippocampal cornu ammonis‐1 of adult males but are lower in juvenile and possibly adult females. No significant differences were observed between sexes in cornu ammonis‐3 or adjacent neocortex. There was an observed developmental difference in the neocortex as juveniles had more PVALB+ cells, but fewer PNN+ cells, than adults.ConclusionsBecause PNNs are integral for several hippocampal‐mediated learning and memory tasks, these observations have potential sex‐dependent translational implications for clinical strategies targeting cognitive dysfunction.
Test‐retest reliability of EEG network characteristics in infants
Authors: van der Velde Bauke , Haartsen Rianne , Kemner Chantal 
Published: March 2019

AbstractIntroductionFunctional Electroencephalography (EEG) networks in infants have been proposed as useful biomarkers for developmental brain disorders. However, the reliability of these networks and their characteristics has not been established. We evaluated the reliability of these networks and their characteristics in 10‐month‐old infants.MethodsData were obtained during two EEG sessions 1 week apart and was subsequently analyzed at delta (0.5–3 Hz), theta (3–6 Hz), alpha1 (6–9 Hz), alpha2 (9–12 Hz), beta (12–25 Hz), and low gamma (25–45 Hz) frequency bands. Connectivity matrices were created by calculating the phase lag index between all channel pairs at given frequency bands. To determine the reliability of these connectivity matrices, intra‐class correlations were calculated of global connectivity, local connectivity, and several graph characteristics.ResultsComparing both sessions, global connectivity, as well as global graph characteristics (characteristic path length and average clustering coefficient) are highly reliable across multiple frequency bands; the alpha1 and theta band having the highest reliability in general. In contrast, local connectivity characteristics were less reliable across all frequency bands.ConclusionsWe conclude that global connectivity measures are highly reliable over sessions. Local connectivity measures show lower reliability over sessions. This research therefore underlines the possibility of these global network characteristics to be used both as biomarkers of neurodevelopmental disorders, but also as important factors explaining development of typical behavior.
Diagnostic and prognostic benefit of arterial spin labeling in subacute stroke
Authors: Thamm Thoralf , Zweynert Sarah , Piper Sophie K. , Madai Vince I. , Livne Michelle , Martin Steve Z. , Herzig Cornelius X. , Mutke Matthias A. , Siebert Eberhard , Liebig Thomas , Sobesky Jan 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackground and PurposeBrain perfusion measurement in the subacute phase of stroke may support therapeutic decisions. We evaluated whether arterial spin labeling (ASL), a noninvasive perfusion imaging technique based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), adds diagnostic and prognostic benefit to diffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI) in subacute stroke.MethodsIn a single‐center imaging study, patients with DWI lesion(s) in the middle cerebral artery (MCA) territory were included. Onset to imaging time was ≤7 days and imaging included ASL and DWI sequences. Qualitative (standardized visual analysis) and quantitative perfusion analyses (region of interest analysis) were performed. Dichotomized early outcome (modified Rankin Scale [mRS] 0–2 vs. 3–6) was analyzed in two logistic regression models. Model 1 included DWI lesion volume, age, vascular pathology, admission NIHSS, and acute stroke treatment as covariates. Model 2 added the ASL‐based perfusion pattern to Model 1. Receiver‐operating‐characteristic (ROC) and area‐under‐the‐curve (AUC) were calculated for both models to assess their predictive power. The likelihood‐ratio‐test compared both models.ResultsThirty‐eight patients were included (median age 70 years, admission NIHSS 4, onset to imaging time 67 hr, discharge mRS 2). Qualitative perfusion analysis yielded additional diagnostic information in 84% of the patients. In the quantitative analysis, AUC for outcome prediction was 0.88 (95% CI 0.77–0.99) for Model 1 and 0.97 (95% CI 0.91–1.00) for Model 2. Inclusion of perfusion data significantly improved performance and outcome prediction (p = 0.002) of stroke imaging.ConclusionsIn patients with subacute stroke, our study showed that adding perfusion imaging to structural imaging and clinical data significantly improved outcome prediction. This highlights the usefulness of ASL and noninvasive perfusion biomarkers in stroke diagnosis and management.
Improving the programming skills of students in multiagent systems master courses
Authors: Palanca Javier , Terrasa Andrés , Carrascosa Carlos , Julián Vicente 
Published: March 2019

AbstractMultiagent systems (MASs) courses are nowadays present in most master's degrees in Artificial Intelligence. In such courses, students have to cope with the gap between some high‐level theoretical concepts and techniques that allow agents to reach agreements in order successfully cooperate (the so‐called Agreement Technologies) and their corresponding implementations to be used in real programs. If the learning outcomes of such courses include the development of actual (although reasonably simple) MASs, the incorporation of some strategy to make students enhance their initial programming skills becomes crucial for their success. In this context, this article presents both a tool called SimFleet and a teaching methodology that have been designed together to guide students throughout a typical MASs course and, specifically, to enhance their programming skills in order learn how to develop actual MASs.
Adjunctive Nd:YAG Laser Irradiation for Ridge Preservation and Immediate Implant Procedures: A Consecutive Case Series
Authors: Choi Alicia Y. , Reddy Caitlin M. , McGary Ryan T. , Hill Richard B. , Swenson Dane T. , Seibel Paul , Hoag Justin M. , Berridge Joshua P. , Johnson Thomas M. 
Published: March 2019

IntroductionWhether or not laser use provides any meaningful benefit at immediate implant and ridge preservation sites remains an open question in periodontics. However, various lasers have been used in conjunction with tooth extraction and immediate implant placement. Evidence supporting adjunctive laser irradiation at immediate implant and ridge preservation sites is mostly limited to preclinical studies and a small number of case reports.Case SeriesAdjunctive neodymium‒doped: yttrium, aluminum, garnet (Nd:YAG) laser irradiation was used at six immediate implant sites and five ridge preservation sites. Three immediate implants were in maxillary incisor positions and three were in premolar positions, two maxillary and one mandibular. All cases exhibited favorable healing and satisfactory clinical outcomes.ConclusionsNd:YAG laser energy application with 650‐µs pulse duration consistently supported rapid clot formation and graft containment at immediate implant and ridge preservation sites. Histologic analyses and controlled clinical trials comparing ridge preservation and immediate implant procedures with and without laser use are needed. Because cellular responses and clinical outcomes may be exquisitely sensitive to irradiation parameters, studies should report materials and methods in detail.
Single Iridium Pincer Complex for Roundtrip Electrochemical Conversion between Carbon Dioxide and Formate
Authors: Bi Jiaojiao , Hou Pengfei , Kang Peng 
Published: March 2019

AbstractAn iridium (III) complex based on a PONOP pincer ligand (PONOP=2,6‐bis(di‐tert‐butylphosphinito)pyridine) is a versatile catalyst for both electro‐reduction of CO2 to formate and formate electro‐oxidation to CO2. The electro‐reduction of CO2 in acetonitrile is very efficient and selective, and the Faradaic efficiency for formate was 97 % and the turnover frequency (TOF) was as high as 67 s−1. In addition, the complex is an effective electrocatalyst for formate electro‐oxidation with apparent TOF of 4.8 s−1 (0.06 M formate), and CO2 was the sole product. The catalyst was stable for 35 h of electrolysis. It can serve as a single catalyst for the roundtrip conversion between CO2 and formate with potential for electrochemical energy storage. Electrochemical and NMR spectroscopic studies suggested that the hydride species is critical for the bifunctional reactivity.
Hierarchical, Vertically‐Oriented Carbon Nanowall Foam Supercapacitor Using Room Temperature Ionic Liquid Mixture for AC Line Filtering with Ultrahigh Energy Density
Authors: Bo Zheng , Xu Chenxuan , Yang Huachao , Shi Hao , Yan Jianhua , Cen Kefa , Ostrikov Kostya Ken 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe front cover artwork is provided by Prof. Zheng Bo and Dr. Huachao Yang, Zhejiang University (Zhejiang, China). The image shows a hierarchical, vertically‐oriented carbon nanowall foam supercapacitor that uses a room‐temperature ionic liquid (RTIL) mixture. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/celc.201801825.
Mirror‐Image Oligonucleotides: History and Emerging Applications
Authors: Young Brian E. , Kundu Nandini , Sczepanski Jonathan T. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractAs chiral molecules, naturally occurring d‐oligonucleotides have enantiomers, l‐DNA and l‐RNA, which are comprised of l‐(deoxy)ribose sugars. These mirror‐image oligonucleotides have the same physical and chemical properties as that of their native d‐counterparts, yet are highly orthogonal to the stereospecific environment of biology. Consequently, l‐oligonucleotides are resistant to nuclease degradation and many of the off‐target interactions that plague traditional d‐oligonucleotide‐based technologies; thus making them ideal for biomedical applications. Despite a flurry of interest during the early 1990s, the inability of d‐ and l‐oligonucleotides to form contiguous Watson–Crick base pairs with each other has ultimately led to the perception that l‐oligonucleotides have only limited utility. Recently, however, scientists have begun to uncover novel strategies to harness the bio‐orthogonality of l‐oligonucleotides, while overcoming (and even exploiting) their inability to Watson–Crick base pair with the natural polymer. Herein, a brief history of l‐oligonucleotide research is presented and emerging l‐oligonucleotide‐based technologies, as well as their applications in research and therapy, are presented.
Facile and Large‐Scale Fabrication of Sub‐3 nm PtNi Nanoparticles Supported on Porous Carbon Sheet: A Bifunctional Material for the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction and Hydrogenation
Authors: Li Jifan , Liu Lei , Ai Yongjian , Hu Zenan , Xie Liping , Bao Hongjie , Wu Jiajing , Tian Haimeng , Guo Rongxiu , Ren Shucheng , Xu Wenjuan , Sun Hongbin , Zhang Gang , Liang Qionglin 
Published: March 2019

AbstractFacile and large‐scale preparation of materials with uniform distributions of ultrafine particles for catalysis is a challenging task, and it is even more difficult to obtain catalysts that excel in both the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and hydrogenation, which are the corresponding merging and splitting procedures of hydrogen, respectively. Herein, the fabrication of ultrafine bimetallic PtNi nanoparticles embedded in carbon nanosheets (CNS) by means of in situ self‐polymerization and annealing is reported. This bifunctional catalyst shows excellent performance in the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and the hydrogenation of p‐nitrophenol. Remarkably PtNi bimetallic catalyst with low metal loading (PtNi2@CNS‐600, 0.074 wt % Pt) exhibited outstanding HER activity with an overpotential as low as 68 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm−2 with a platinum loading of only 0.612 μgPt cm−2 and Tafel slope of 35.27 mV dec−1 in a 0.5 m aqueous solution of H2SO4, which is comparable to that of the 20 % Pt/C catalyst (31 mV dec−1). Moreover, it also shows superior long‐term electrochemical durability for at least 30 h with negligible degradation compared with 20 % Pt/C. In addition, the material with increased loading (mPtNi2@CNS‐600, 2.88 % Pt) showed robust catalytic activity for hydrogenation of p‐nitrophenol at ambient pressure and temperature. The catalytic activity towards hydrogen splitting is a circumstantial evidence that agrees with the Volmer–Tafel reaction path in the HER.
π–π Stacking Interaction in an Oxidized CuII–Salen Complex with a Side‐Chain Indole Ring: An Approach to the Function of the Tryptophan in the Active Site of Galactose Oxidase
Authors: Oshita Hiromi , Suzuki Takashi , Kawashima Kyohei , Abe Hitoshi , Tani Fumito , Mori Seiji , Yajima Tatsuo , Shimazaki Yuichi 
Published: March 2019

AbstractIn order to gain new insights into the effect of the π–π stacking interaction of the indole ring with the CuII–phenoxyl radical as seen in the active form of galactose oxidase, we have prepared a CuII complex of a methoxy‐substituted salen‐type ligand, containing a pendent indole ring on the dinitrogen chelate backbone, and characterized its one‐electron‐oxidized forms. The X‐ray crystal structures of the oxidized CuII complex exhibited the π–π stacking interaction of the indole ring mainly with one of the two phenolate moieties. The phenolate moiety in close contact with the indole moiety showed the characteristic phenoxyl radical structural features, indicating that the indole ring favors the π–π stacking interaction with the phenoxyl radical. The UV/Vis/NIR spectra of the oxidized CuII complex with the pendent indole ring was significantly different from those of the complex without the side‐chain indole ring, and the absorption and CD spectra exhibited a solvent dependence, which is in line with the phenoxyl radical–indole stacking interaction in solution. The other physicochemical results and theoretical calculations strongly support that the indole ring, as an electron donor, stabilizes the phenoxyl radical by the π–π stacking interaction.
A Three‐Color Fluorescent Supramolecular Nanoassembly of Phototherapeutics Activable by Two‐Photon Excitation with Near‐Infrared Light
Authors: Fraix Aurore , Kirejev Vladimir , Malanga Milo , Fenyvesi Éva , Béni Szabolcs , Ericson Marica B. , Sortino Salvatore 
Published: March 2019

AbstractA supramolecular nanoassembly, of about 30 nm in diameter, that consists of a green‐fluorescent, β‐cyclodextrin‐based, branched polymer co‐encapsulating a red‐emitting singlet oxygen (1O2) photosensitizer and a nitric oxide (NO) photoreleaser, which comprises a blue fluorescent reporter, is here reported. The system exhibits “five‐in‐one” photofunctionalities. All components can be simultaneously excited in the phototherapeutic window with two‐photons by using near‐infrared light at 740 nm and despite their close proximity, behave as independent units. This allows for their in vitro visualization in carcinoma cancer cells, due to their distinct green, red, and blue fluorescence, and for the production of both cytotoxic 1O2 and biofunctional NO.
Revisiting a Historical Concept by Using Quantum Crystallography: Are Phosphate, Sulfate and Perchlorate Anions Hypervalent?
Authors: Fugel Malte , Malaspina Lorraine A. , Pal Rumpa , Thomas Sajesh P. , Shi Ming W. , Spackman Mark A. , Sugimoto Kunihisa , Grabowsky Simon 
Published: March 2019

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue is the group of Simon Grabowsky at the University of Bremen. The image depicts one of the main messages of the present study: Lewis structure representations are not sufficient to understand chemical bonding. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/chem.201806247.
FPGA implementation of fast digital FIR and IIR filters
Authors: Seshadri R. , Ramakrishnan S. 
Published: March 2019

SummaryThe demand for digital signal processing optimized solutions grows drastically in the modern years, especially in the field of communication and modern signal processing circuits. The finite impulse response (FIR) and an infinite impulse response (IIR) filters play a crucial role in the design of any complex signal processing system. This paper exemplifies the conventional moving average (MA) FIR filters, fast MA FIR filters using look‐ahead arithmetic, the conventional IIR filters using combination of integrator and comb sections (CIC) method, and the fast IIR filters using look‐ahead arithmetic in detail. Altera EP4CE115F29C7 field‐programmable gate array (FPGA) device using Quartus II 13.1 synthesis tool has been used to implement these filters. The performance metrics like the number of Logic Elements (LEs), the performance, and the power immoderation simulation results are compared with the normal and fast MA FIR and IIR filters, respectively. The first‐order IIR conventional filter has 153.4 MHz performance shown in simulation result, the same filter with look‐ahead level 1 has 189.79 MHz performance, and the fast filter with level 2 has 199.96 MHz performance. In addition, with the MA FIR filters, an 8‐tap MA FIR filter using CIC method has 166.09 MHz performance, the same filter using look‐ahead with level 1 has 167.22 MHz performance, and the same filter using look‐ahead with level 2 has 168.56 MHz performance. The proposed FIR and IIR filter is designed efficiently in terms of speed for the application of VLSI signal processing environment.
Parallel Clamps and Polypurine Hairpins (PPRH) for Gene Silencing and Triplex‐Affinity Capture: Design, Synthesis, and Use
Authors: Aviñó Anna , Eritja Ramon , Ciudad Carlos J. , Noé Verónica 
Published: March 2019

AbstractNucleic acid triplexes are formed when a DNA or RNA oligonucleotide binds to a polypurine‐polypyrimidine‐rich sequence. Triplexes have wide therapeutic applications such as gene silencing or site‐specific mutagenesis. In addition, protocols based on triplex‐affinity capture have been used for detecting nucleic acids in biosensing platforms. In this article, the design, synthesis, and use of parallel clamps and polypurine‐reversed hairpins (PPRH) to bind to target polypyrimidine targets are described. The combination of the polypurine Watson‐Crick strand with the triplex‐forming strand in a single molecule produces highly stable triplexes allowing targeting of single‐ and double‐stranded nucleic acid sequences. On the other hand, PPRHs are easily prepared and work at nanomolar range, like siRNAs, and at a lower concentration than that needed for antisense ODNs or TFOs. However, the stability of PPRHs is higher than that of siRNAs. In addition, PPRHs circumvent off‐target effects and are non‐immunogenic. © 2019 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Scaling‐Up of Bio‐Oil Upgrading during Biomass Pyrolysis over ZrO2/ZSM‐5‐Attapulgite
Authors: Hernando Héctor , Hernández‐Giménez Ana M. , Gutiérrez‐Rubio Santiago , Fakin Tomaz , Horvat Andrej , Danisi Rosa M. , Pizarro Patricia , Fermoso Javier , Heracleous Eleni , Bruijnincx Pieter C. A. , Lappas Angelos A. , Weckhuysen Bert M. , Serrano David P. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractEx situ catalytic biomass pyrolysis was investigated at both laboratory and bench scale by using a zeolite ZSM‐5‐based catalyst for selectively upgrading the bio‐oil vapors. The catalyst consisted of nanocrystalline ZSM‐5, modified by incorporation of ZrO2 and agglomerated with attapulgite (ZrO2/n‐ZSM‐5‐ATP). Characterization of this material by means of different techniques, including CO2 and NH3 temperature‐programmed desorption (TPD), NMR spectroscopy, UV/Vis microspectroscopy, and fluorescence microscopy, showed that it possessed the right combination of accessibility and acid–base properties for promoting the conversion of the bulky molecules formed by lignocellulose pyrolysis and their subsequent deoxygenation to upgraded liquid organic fractions (bio‐oil). The results obtained at the laboratory scale by varying the catalyst‐to‐biomass ratio (C/B) indicated that the ZrO2/n‐ZSM‐5‐ATP catalyst was more efficient for bio‐oil deoxygenation than the parent zeolite n‐ZSM‐5, producing upgraded bio‐oils with better combinations of mass and energy yields with respect to the oxygen content. The excellent performance of the ZrO2/n‐ZSM‐5‐ATP system was confirmed by working with a continuous bench‐scale plant. The scale‐up of the process, even with different raw biomasses as the feedstock, reaction conditions, and operation modes, was in line with the laboratory‐scale results, leading to deoxygenation degrees of approximately 60 % with energy yields of approximately 70 % with respect to those of the thermal bio‐oil.