bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ROLE OF IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 CYTOKINES IN THE IMMUNOPATHOGENESIS OF CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE
Authors: Trushina E. Yu. , Kostina E. M. , Molotilov B. A. , Tipikin V. A. , Baranova N. I. 
Published: January 2019

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is socially significant disease. COPD is based on chronic inflammatory process of respiratory tract, which determines steady progression of the bronchial obstruction. Studies of the role of cytokines in immune pathogenesis of COPD are of crucial importance. The biological mediators determine local, systemic inflammation, and pathophysiological effects of extra-systemic pathological manifestations. In this work, we studied spontaneous and induced production of IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 cytokines by blood leukocytes from the patients with moderate and severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, beyond the exacerbation phase. It is shown that the evident role in formation of the inflammatory process in COPD belongs to the IL-6, IL-8. We have found a significant increase in both spontaneous and induced production of IL-6 and IL-8 (p < 0.05) in the patients. Induced production of cytokines strongly suggests the reserve capabilities of immunocompetent cells in response to the pathogenic factor. Neutrophilic type of inflammation, manifesting as activation of granulocytes, mostly, neutrophils, in response to toxic agents (in particular, smoking) and bacterial pathogens, is primarily associated with IL-6 and IL-8. These results reflect the type and intensity of respiratory tract inflammation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and its persistent course.High levels of the studied cytokines confirm their role in bronchial remodeling and contribute to irreversibility of bronchial obstruction in this disorder. The relationship between spontaneous and induced production of the studied cytokines and the clinical indices of the disease course has been shown. Statistically significant increase between frequency of COPD recurrences (more than 2 times pro year, p < 0.05), and low FEV1values (p < 0.05) were observed in patients with high values of spontaneous and induced production of IL-6 and IL-8. It may be associated with persistent course of neutrophilic inflammation of respiratory tract and progressive bronchial obstruction. IL-6 and IL-8 significantly contribute to pathogenetic mechanisms, determining the clinical course of COPD and may serve as markers of severity in this disorder. Certainly, the immune mechanisms of pathological inflammation in COPD are complex and multifaceted. Studies of clinical significance of induced cytokine production will help the physician when determining type and duration of treatment. Personalized approach to the therapy of patients with COPD depends on the phenotype of pathology, pattern, severity and intensity of inflammation.
Phase II Study of the Triple Combination Chemotherapy of SOXIRI (S-1/Oxaliplatin/Irinotecan) in Patients with Unresectable Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Akahori Takahiro , Sho Masayuki , Yanagimoto Hiroaki , Satoi Sohei , Nagai Minako , Nishiwada Satoshi , Nakagawa Kenji , Nakamura Kota , Yamamoto Tomohisa , Hirooka Satoshi , Yamaki So , Ikeda Naoya 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Lessons Learned
The triple combination chemotherapy of SOXIRI (S-1/oxaliplatin/irinotecan) in patients with unresectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma was an effective treatment that appeared to be better tolerated than the widely used FOLFIRINOX regimen. SOXIRI regimen may provide an alternative approach for advanced pancreatic cancer.

Background
In our previous phase I study, we determined the recommended dose of a biweekly S-1, oxaliplatin, and irinotecan (SOXIRI) regimen in patients with unresectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). This phase II study was conducted to assess the safety and clinical efficacy in patients with unresectable PDAC.

Methods
Patients with previously untreated metastatic and locally advanced PDAC were enrolled. The primary endpoint was response rate (RR). Secondary endpoints were adverse events (AEs), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS). Patients received 80 mg/m2 of S-1 twice a day for 2 weeks in alternate-day administration, 150 mg/m2 of irinotecan on day 1, and 85 mg/m2 of oxaliplatin on day 1 of a 2-week cycle.

Results
Thirty-five enrolled patients received a median of six (range: 2–15) treatment cycles. The RR was 22.8% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 10.4–40.1); median OS, 17.7 months (95% CI: 9.8–22.0); and median PFS, 7.4 months (95% CI: 4.2–8.4). Furthermore, the median OS in patients with distant metastasis was 10.1 months, whereas that in patients with locally advanced PDAC was 22.6 months. Major grade 3 or 4 toxicity included neutropenia (54%), anemia (17%), febrile neutropenia (11%), anorexia (9%), diarrhea (9%), and nausea (9%). There were no treatment-related deaths.

Conclusion
SOXIRI is considered a promising and well-tolerated regimen in patients with unresectable PDAC.
Neoliberal Biopolitics in Michel Noël's Nipishish: Market Logic and Indigenous Resistance
Authors: Boucher James 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

This article explores the imbrication of history, fiction, and biopolitics in a variety of specific confrontations between the Canadian state and the Anishnaabeg in Michel Noël's teen novel Nipishish (2004). Situated in Southwest Québec during the second half of the 20th century, the novel lends itself readily to a biopolitical reading which gleans from and expands on the theories of Foucault, Agamben, and Pratt. Focusing on deconstructing biopolitical strategies of the settler colonial state and agentive Native practices, the analysis underscores how Noël's depiction of Indigenous lifeways and resistance constitute an invaluable political message to Indigenous and non-Indigenous youth alike.
Using Interactive Games for the Teaching of Question Tags: Insights from an English Language Course In Indonesia
Authors: Sulistyawati Meiva Eka Sri , Warpindyastuti Lady Diana 
Published: January 2019

Learning foreign language has been the part of our educational systems. It has been taught from the early stage of education. However, there are still many difficulties in learning. And there are many challenges for the teachers to make it as a fun learning. This research aims is examine how can the interactive games can help the students to understand about questions tags better and can be used in the daily conversation. Meanwhile, the observed population that was used for the research was the students of English For All (EFA) English Course in Cirendeu, Tangerang Banten. The students were Junior High School students. The writers used the descriptive qualitative methods as using interactive games which was using oral test and conversation activities to learn how much their improvement in understanding about question tags.

Keywords: Question Tags, Interactives Games, Teaching
Internet Adoption of Indonesian Remote Society: Integrated Broadband Village Versus Commercial Mobile Broadband
Authors: Dhahir Darman Fauzan 
Published: January 2019

A free integrated broadband facility provision by the Indonesian Government in several remote villages seems has not been successfully narrowing down the digital divide. To establish a solution, the gap that caused the problem needs to reveal. Therefore, the current research was conducted with the aim of illustrating the efforts the Indonesian government has made those in term of narrowing down the digital divide, as well as the community feedback in term of how they adopt the internet. Data was obtained from observations and discussions with the government officials and society in several purposive selected rural villages in Eastern Indonesia. It is qualitatively analysed using the diffusion of innovation point of view. The research result gives an overview that the facilities provided by Integrated Broadband Village (IBV) have not been welcomed enthusiasm, whereas the commercial mobile broadband (CMB) network services those are not free was more preferred due to the advantages in all phases of diffusion of innovations. Unfortunately, CMB is not evenly available especially in areas with minimal population. Besides, the efforts of local governments in developing community access are differing in degrees.
Pengaruh Youtube di Smartphone Terhadap Perkembangan Kemampuan Komunikasi Interpersonal Anak
Authors: Putra Asaas , Patmaningrum Diah Ayu 
Published: January 2019

Saat ini aplikasi yang digunakan pada smartphone semakin berkembang, dan berbanding lurus dengan perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan, bukan hanya orang dewasa, namun anak Taman Kanak-Kanak (TK) sudah menggunakan smartphone setiap harinya untuk mencari hiburan melalui aplikasi Youtube. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh aplikasi Youtube di smartphone terhadap perkembangan kemampuan komunikasi interpersonal anak TK di Kota Bandung. Penelitian ini juga diharapkan menjawab isu yang beredar tentang pengaruh teknologi terhadap kemampuan komunikasi anak usia TK yang beredar tanpa berdasarkan data dan riset yang jelas. Metode yang digunakan ialah kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian deskripsi. Penggunaan metode kuantitatif agar data yang didapatkan bisa akurat, terukur, dan teruji. Penelitian ini melibatkan satu variabel independen dan satu variabel dependen. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan rumus probability sampling dengan pendekatan Slovin dengan jumlah responden 70 anak TK. Teknik analisis data adalah deskripsi dan analisis regresi linear sederhana. Simpulan penelitian ini, pengaksesan youtube di smartphone untuk anak TK di Kota Bandung yang dilakukan setiap harinya bisa memengaruhi perkembangan kemampuan komunikasi intepersonal anak.
A National Network of Public Health and Faith-Based Organizations to Increase Influenza Prevention Among Hard-to-Reach Populations
Authors: Kiser Mimi , Lovelace Kay 
Published: January 2019

We studied a national collaboration to prevent the spread of 2009 H1N1 and seasonal influenza, and highlighted how a partnership among the Interfaith Health Program (IHP) at Emory University, the Department of Health and Human Services Partnership Center, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the Association of State and Territorial Health Officials (ASTHO) leveraged the distinctive capabilities of local public health, health care, and faith-based organizations in 10 communities around the country. From 2009 to 2016, IHP, ASTHO, and the Partnership Center worked as intermediaries with these partnerships, aligning and amplifying their capacity to extend influenza prevention services for hard-to-reach vulnerable populations. We suggested that intermediary organizations enabled information sharing, co-learning, and dissemination of best practices through horizontal and vertical channels. We recommended practices for these partnerships to engage local networks that share commitments to eliminate health disparities, to use a frame of strengths and assets, and to provide a supportive multilocal, multilevel learning community.
Dynamic Compression of the Subclavian Artery Secondary to Clavicle Nonunion
Authors: Nicholson Jamie A. , Stirling Paul H.C. , Strelzow Jason , Robinson Christopher M. 
Published: January 2019

Case:
We describe 2 patients with nonunion of the clavicle and dynamic compression of the subclavian artery. In both patients, no structural abnormality of the subclavian vessels was evident at rest; however, with the arm in hyperabduction, arterial occlusion occurred because of the mobility of the fracture and a prominent callus.

Conclusion:
This small case series demonstrates an important and, to our knowledge, unreported clinical complication of clavicle fracture nonunion. We believe that this complication is worth considering as a rare but important cause of pain in patients with delayed union or nonunion of the clavicle.
Efficient degradation of tetracycline by ultraviolet-based activation of peroxymonosulfate and persulfate
Authors: Hu Jiamin , Zhang Jing , Wang Qingguo , Ye Qian , Xu Hao , Zhou Guanyu , Lu Jinfeng 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
In this study, the difference in oxidative capacity for removing antibiotics and the mechanism between the Cu(II)/peroxymonosulfate (PMS)/UV and Cu(II)/persulfate (PDS)/UV systems were compared under various conditions. The optimal Cu(II) concentration in the Cu(II)/PMS/UV system was 30 μM, and in the Cu(II)/PDS/UV system was 50 μM. With the PMS or PDS concentration increasing, higher tetracycline (TC) degradation in these two systems occurred. Investigation on the mechanism revealed that •OH was the primary radical in the Cu(II)/PMS/UV system, while SO4−• was the primary radical in the Cu(II)/PDS/UV system where •OH also played an important role. In these two systems, it was observed that Cu(I) was generated by PMS or PDS activated via UV illumination; however, oxygen alone could not promote TC removal. The degradation of TC was increased with the increasing pH level. In addition, TC degradation in the Cu(II)/PMS/UV system followed the pseudo-first-order kinetics model during the entire reaction period. It was found that the TC degradation kinetics in the Cu(II)/PDS/UV system can be divided into two parts (0 to 7 min and 10 to 50 min) and these two parts had good agreement with the pseudo-first-order kinetics model, respectively.
Aplicación del Método de Hanlon en la priorización de riesgos y daños para la salud
Authors: Alvarado García Raquel , Cruz Narciso Eustolia , Hernández López Carolina , Olmos Rivera Gledy , Sánchez Fragoso Miriam , Sánchez Méndez José , Trujillo Ramírez María Elena 
Published: January 2019

En la Jurisdicción Sanitaria Ecatepec, se realizó un taller de Riesgos y Daños para la salud con el propósito de priorizar el daño a la salud susceptible a ser intervenido a través de la aplicación del método de Hanlón, por los estudiantes de posgrado de Enfermería en salud pública y el equipo multidisciplinario de la jurisdicción. Participaron 48 personas con cargos normativos y operativos de los Centros Municipales de Salud (COMUSA), DIF, CONALEP, y Salud Municipal a quienes se les capacitó sobre la utilidad y aplicación del Método de Hanlón, proporcionándoles la información estadística para hacer los cálculos respectivos.
Los resultados de la priorización de mayor a menor puntuación fueron: Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2, Neumonía e Influenza, Enfermedades del corazón, Tumores malignos, Accidentes, agresiones y suicidios, Enfermedades del hígado, SIDA, e insuficiencia renal.
Tomando en cuenta que en las primeras cuatro causas ya han sido trabajadas por generaciones previas de estudiantes de la Especialidad, se determinó que la causa a ser intervenida es: accidente, agresiones y suicidios.
Internalisasi Nilai-Nilai Toleransi dalam Pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam di SMA Negeri 1 Lhokseumawe
Authors: Usman Muhammad , Widyanto Anton 
Published: January 2019

Diversity in Indonesia is part of the nation and should be embraced by its people. Managing diversity requires high tolerance. School is the best place to prepare the next generation for internalizing the values of tolerance and for respecting peace in the future. However, these values need all components of the society to properly achieve. When a school has pluralist conditions, it is important to pay attention to the studentsâ€™ trust in order to successfully internalize tolerance values. Therefore, heterogenity will not produce the anti-tolerant generation. The study took place in SMA Negeri (public senior high school) 1 Lhokseumawe. The school was quite diverse and heterogenous where there were Muslim and non-Muslim students. The purposes of the study were to find out the tolerance values within Islamic education learning, to understand the internalization process, and to map the supporting and hindering factors of the internalization process of the tolerance values in SMAN 1 Lhokseumawe. This was a qualitative approach. Data were collected by interview, observation, and documentation of the school.	This study resulted in some findings. Firstly, the values of tolerance received by the students included appreciation, brotherhood, freedom, cooperation, helping one another, non discrimination, and sharing. Secondly, the internalization process of the values was done in three ways: integration, the school customs, and extracurricular activities. Thirdly, the factors supporting the internalization were qualified and competent teacher, active student extracurricular activities, fair access of facilities, cooperation among teachers, support from school principal, heterogeneous awareness, active alumni, increased interest and state policy. Meanwhile, the factors hindering the internalization involved the unavailability of tolerance-based module, the unavailability of tolerance-based coaching, increased racism, religion, and other sensitive issues, and massive intolerant news from the media. It is recommended that learning module and teacher training should be tolerance specified in order to enforce the process of internalizing the tolerance values in school and reduce the intolerant issues widely spread in the mass media.
La traducción del discurso de los personajes indios en A Passage to India de E. M. Forster
Authors: Alonso Gómez Marina 
Published: January 2019

La última novela publicada en vida por el autor británico E. M. Forster, A Passage to India, que transcurre en la India colonial de principios del siglo xx, ha sido traducida a nuestro idioma en tres ocasiones. En el presente trabajo analizaremos la traducción del discurso de los personajes indios de la novela.
Defning Business’ Contribution to the Socially Oriented Sdgs: Key Trends and Prospects
Authors: Zavyalova E. B. , Starikova Е. А. 
Published: January 2019

Introduction. As the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) adopted by the UN in 2015 offcially specify the current global challenges, they will positively affect the activity of all social institutions in the near future. This article considers the potential competitive advantages that business will acquire providing its engagement into the implementation of the SDGs. The authors suggest that the private sector’s involvement in the global sustainable development related issues has become one of the essential factors of business long-term competitiveness. The article also reviews the leading multinational companies’ solutions and initiatives aimed at the achievement of the socially oriented SDGs. Based on these business cases, the authors identify the key trends that characterize the private sector’s participation in the fulfllment of the Agenda 2030 for Sustainable Development.Materials and methods. General and private scientifc methods of cognition (analysis, synthesis, abstraction, generalizations, deduction and induction) form the methodological basis for this study.Results of the study. In the course of the study, the authors disclose several trends that characterize the private sector’s participation in the implementation of the “Agenda 2030”. Besides the companies’ aspiration to participate in the implementation of the SDGs that directly concern their core business operations, many multinational corporations nowadays actively contribute to the achievement of the socially-oriented SDGs which facilitates the resolution of many macroeconomic problems. In addition, there is an obvious trend of cooperation between the private sector and other stakeholders – primarily, governments and nonproft organisations. They create multi-stakeholder partnerships that allow the participants to pool resources and reinforce the positive effects within the implemented projects.Discussion and conclusions. Nowadays the SDGs present a particular guidance for the private sector, so the multinational companies have to review their business strategies in accordance with the challenges formulated on the global agenda. This study revealed the substantial competitive advantages that corporate sector would enjoy in case of its engagement in the implementation of the socially-oriented SDGs.
Features of Legal Regulation of the Information Sphere of Russia
Authors: Menshikov P. V. 
Published: January 2019

Introduction.The article analyzes the evolution of priority directions and main methods of legal regulation of the information sphere in modern Russia. The main focus is on the specifcs of the regulation of the state information policy in Russia in the new political reality that emerged after 2014. The article explores the basic criteria for the improvement of information legislation with the aim of increasing the effciency of forms and methods of implementation of the communication policy as a management function of the modern state.Materials and methods.Comparative analysis of the legal regulation of the information sphere as one of the main tools of state power in relation to media policy as a management function of the modern state allows conducting a comprehensive interdisciplinary study of the modern practice of implementation of state information policy by public authorities and management of the Russian Federation. The article also uses general scientifc and special methods of cognition of legal phenomena and processes in the sphere of Russian information legislation: the method of systemic structural analysis, comparative-legal and formal-logical methods.Results.The formation and improvement of the legal framework for the development of the information society acts as a priority direction of the state information policy. To date, Russia has established and successfully operates an integrated system of national legislation in the feld of information as a separate independent branch of Russian law. The basis of information policy, as well as policy in General, constitute a set of rules of law and mechanisms for their implementation.Discussion and Conclusion.Information legislation is one of the main conditions for the development and implementation of the state information policy. It creates a legal basis for the regulation of the market of information products and services, as well as the development of the entire complex of mass communication, information and communication. The practical implementation of the state information policy in all its functional and temporary aspects provides for the constant development of information legislation as a system of interrelated legal norms based on the constitutional principles of the Federal structure of the Russian state, the separation of powers, the delimitation of the subjects of jurisdiction and authority and the construction of a unifed system of Russian legislation.