bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Upregulation of dNTP Levels After Telomerase Inactivation Influences Telomerase-Independent Telomere Maintenance Pathway Choice in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: van Mourik Paula M , de Jong Jannie , Sharma Sushma , Kavšek Alan , Chabes Andrei , Chang Michael 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
In 10–15% of cancers, telomere length is maintained by a telomerase-independent, recombination-mediated pathway called alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT). ALT mechanisms were first seen, and have been best studied, in telomerase-null Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells called “survivors”. There are two main types of survivors. Type I survivors amplify Y′ subtelomeric elements while type II survivors, similar to the majority of human ALT cells, amplify the terminal telomeric repeats. Both types of survivors require Rad52, a key homologous recombination protein, and Pol32, a non-essential subunit of DNA polymerase δ. A number of additional proteins have been reported to be important for either type I or type II survivor formation, but it is still unclear how these two pathways maintain telomeres. In this study, we performed a genome-wide screen to identify novel genes that are important for the formation of type II ALT-like survivors. We identified 23 genes that disrupt type II survivor formation when deleted. 17 of these genes had not been previously reported to do so. Several of these genes (DUN1, CCR4, and MOT2) are known to be involved in the regulation of dNTP levels. We find that dNTP levels are elevated early after telomerase inactivation and that this increase favors the formation of type II survivors.
CORLExpression in theDrosophilaCentral Nervous System Is Regulated by Stage Specific Interactions of Intertwined Activators and Repressors
Authors: Tran Nancy L , Takaesu Norma T , Cornell Elizabeth F , Newfeld Stuart J 
Published: May 2018

AbstractCORL proteins (SKOR in mice and Fussel in humans) are a subfamily of central nervous system (CNS) specific proteins related to Sno/Ski oncogenes. Their developmental and homeostatic roles are largely unknown. We previously showed that Drosophila CORL (dCORL; fussel in Flybase) functions between the Activin receptor Baboon and Ecdysone Receptor-B1 (EcR-B1) activation in mushroom body neurons of third instar larval brains. To better understand dCORL regulation and function we generated a series of reporter genes. We examined the embryonic and larval CNS and found that dCORL is regulated by stage specific interactions between intertwined activators and repressors spanning numerous reporters. The reporter AH.lacZ, which contains sequences 7-11kb upstream of dCORL exon1, reflects dCORL brain expression at all stages. Surprisingly, AH.lacZ was not detected in EcR-B1 expressing mushroom body neurons. In larvae AH.lacZ is coexpressed with Elav and the transcription factor Drifter in dILP2 insulin producing cells of the pars intercerebralis. The presence of dCORL in insulin producing cells suggests that dCORL functions non-autonomously in the regulation of EcR-B1 mushroom body activation via the modulation of insulin signaling. Overall, the high level of sequence conservation seen in all CORL/SKOR/Fussel family members and their common CNS specificity suggest that similarly complex regulation and a potential function in insulin signaling are associated with SKOR/Fussel proteins in mammals.
Nonpharmacologic Treatments for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Systematic Review
Authors: Goode Adam P. , Coeytaux Remy R. , Maslow Gary R. , Davis Naomi , Hill Sherika , Namdari Behrouz , LaPointe Nancy M. Allen , Befus Deanna , Lallinger Kathryn R. , Bowen Samantha E. , Kosinski Andrzej , McBroom Amanda J. , Sanders Gillian D. , Kemper Alex R. 
Published: May 2018

CONTEXT:
Nonpharmacologic treatments for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) encompass a range of care approaches from structured behavioral interventions to complementary medicines.

OBJECTIVES:
To assess the comparative effectiveness of nonpharmacologic treatments for ADHD among individuals 17 years of age and younger.

DATA SOURCES:
PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews for relevant English-language studies published from January 1, 2009 through November 7, 2016.

STUDY SELECTION:
We included studies that compared any ADHD nonpharmacologic treatment strategy with placebo, pharmacologic, or another nonpharmacologic treatment.

DATA EXTRACTION:
Study design, patient characteristics, intervention approaches, follow-up times, and outcomes were abstracted. For comparisons with at least 3 similar studies, random-effects meta-analysis was used to generate pooled estimates.

RESULTS:
We identified 54 studies of nonpharmacologic treatments, including neurofeedback, cognitive training, cognitive behavioral therapy, child or parent training, dietary omega fatty acid supplementation, and herbal and/or dietary approaches. No new guidance was identified regarding the comparative effectiveness of nonpharmacologic treatments. Pooled results for omega fatty acids found no significant effects for parent rating of ADHD total symptoms (n = 411; standardized mean difference −0.32; 95% confidence interval −0.80 to 0.15; I2 = 52.4%; P = .10) or teacher-rated total ADHD symptoms (n = 287; standardized mean difference −0.08; 95% confidence interval −0.47 to 0.32; I2 = 0.0%; P = .56).

LIMITATIONS:
Studies often did not reflect the primary care setting and had short follow-up periods, small sample sizes, variations in outcomes, and inconsistent reporting of comparative statistical analyses.

CONCLUSIONS:
Despite wide use, there are significant gaps in knowledge regarding the effectiveness of ADHD nonpharmacologic treatments.
Stereological Analysis of the Mammary Gland in Primiparous Lactating Rats during the Lead Acetate Intoxication
Authors: Mornjaković Zakira , Kadić Muhamed 
Published: May 2018

The present study was undertaken to investigate the changes in composition of the mammary gland volume unit through all phases of lactation in rats subjected to lead acetate administration via drinking water during the first pregnancy and lactation. Stereological analysis was performed on serial slices of the organs. The point of support for our study was the fact that lead, apart from being a poison of wide range, is mostly poisonous for gonads and to their supervisory neuroendocrine structures and the mammary gland, in morpho-functional sense, should be admitted as their integral part.
On the 7th day of lactation there was significant difference of the alveolar and ductal epithelium phase, which was significantly reduced in animals treated by lead. In the same animals there were larger lumens of the alveoli and ducti, more abundant connective tissue and greater number of the adipocytes but these differences in comparison to control group were not significant.
On the 14th day of lactation there was significantly greater presence of the adipocytes phase and stromal tissue while the volume of the epithelium of alveoli and ducti was significantly reduced in study group. There was also an increase of the alveoloductal lumen phase but this was not significant.
On the 21st day of lactation there were significant difference in epithelial and stromal tissue phases in two groups, having a significant decrease in the epithelium, and significant increase of stromal tissue in glands of lactating rats treated by lead acetate. There were non-significant differences as far as the presence of the adipocytes and alveoloductal lumen volume were concerned although the values for both phases in study group were above the control values.
On the basis of given results we concluded that lead changes the quantitative characteristics of the mammary gland, i.e. the composition of the volume unit of the organ through all phases of lactation.
Isolation and immunochemical characterization of human cystatin C
Authors: Begić Lejla , Berbić Selma 
Published: May 2018

Cystatin C is a natural inhibitor of the cysteine proteinases papain, and mammalian lysosomal cathepsins B, H, L and S. This protein is thought to serve an important physiological role as a local regulator of enzyme activity. The changes of levels of cystatin C in extracellular fluids have shown themselves having potential clinical importance. We have purified cystatin C from urine of patients with chronic renal failure by procedure using affinity chromatography on CM-papain Sepharose, gel filtration on Sephacryl S-200, and ion exchange chromatography on CM-cellulose. After isolation we obtained three inhibitory peaks (pI's from 7.8 to 9.2) which represent isoforms of the same protein. These isoforms are immunologically identical and differ in N-terminal sequence of the molecule. The form with pI 9.2 represents the intact inhibitor form, whereas the form with pI 7.8 is shortened for 8 amino-acid residues at N-terminal end. Purified cystatin C pI 9.2 was used for immunization of rabbits. Polyclonal antibodies, produced in rabbits, were isolated from rabbit sera by affinity chromatography on Protein A Sepharose. Enzyme immunoassay (ELISA) for cystatin C is developed on the basis of purified antibodies. Using ELISA test we determined amount of cystatin C in urine and serum samples of patients with chronic renal failure. The concentration of the inhibitor in the urine of these patients was approximately 100-fold more than in normal urine. In the serum from the same patients we found concentrations of cystatin C to be five times higher in comparison with the serum of healthy individuals.
Assessment of health effects in workers at gasoline station
Authors: Pranjić Nurka , Mujagić Hamza , Nurkić Mahmud , Karamehić Jasenko , Pavlović Slobodan 
Published: May 2018

The aim of this study was to made assessment of health effects in 37 workers exposed to gasoline, and its constituents at gasoline stations between 1985 and 1996. Thirty-seven persons who had been exposed to gasoline for more than five years were examined. The evaluation included a medical / occupational history, haematological and biochemical examination, a physical exam, standardized psychological tests, and ultrasound examination of kidneys and liver. The groups were identical in other common parameters including age, gender (all men), and level of education (P<0. 05). The data were compared to two control groups: 61 healthy non-exposed controls and 25 workers at gasoline stations exposed to organic lead for only nine months. Peripheral smear revealed basophilic stippling and reticulocytosis. We found in chronic exposed gasoline workershaematological disorders: mild leukocytosis (7 of 37), lymphocytosis (20 of 37), mild lymhocytopenia (3 of 37), and decrease of red blood cells count (11 of 37). Results indicated that they have suffered from liver disorders: lipoid degeneration of liver (14 of 37), chronic functional damages of liver (3 of 37), cirrhosis (1 of 37). Ultrasound examination indicated chronic kidney damages (8 of 37). These results significantly differed from those of controls (P< 0.05). In 13 out of 37 workers at gasoline stations exposed to gasoline for more than 5 years the symptom of depression and decreased reaction time and motor abilities were identified. The summary of diseases of workers exposed to organic lead and gasoline are discussed.
The effect of erythropoietin treatment on left ventricular hypertrophy in haemodialysis patients
Authors: Rašić Senija , Kulenović Indira , Zulić Irfan , Haračić Azra , Čengić Mithat , Unčanin Snježana , Džemidžić Jasminka 
Published: May 2018

Anaemia appears to play an important role in left ventricular (LV) enlargement in chronic kidney disease patients. The objective of this study was to evaluate LV echocardiography changes during anaemia correction with recombinant human erythropoietin(rHu-Epo) in chronic haemodialysis patients (HD pts) with signs of anaemia and LV hypertrophy (LVH). The study included 20 HD pts aged 39,6 +/- 5,3 yrs, with the same condition of HD treatment, anaemia and echocardiographically LVH verified. At the beginning of the rHu-Epo treatment haemoglobin (Hb) level was < 90 g/L and the target Hb level was 110 g/L. Echocardiography was performed at the beginning (baseline) and after six months of rHu-Epo treatment. LVH was defined as LV mass index >100 g/m2 in women and >131 g/m2 in men. We observed significant reduction of LV mass index (LVMI) (mean 26,4%, p=0.008), as well as LV volumen. There was a significant negative correlation between Hb level and LVMI with predictive LVMI reduction of 2,317 g/m2 for each 1g/L rising of mean Hb level. The results of the study confirm the importance of early anaemia correction in haemodialysis patients aimed to improve LV parameters.
Potential antimicrobial effects of pharmacognostic drugs
Authors: Kovač-Bešović Elvira E. , Durić Kemal , Bašić Fahra , Subašić Džemo , Imamović Jasminka 
Published: May 2018

Pharmacognostic aspect, in treating of natural medicinal materials and medicinal of natural origin, is presented by very complex group of analytical and applicative methods. They are applied by means of identification, purities and quality of natural medicinal materials of vegetal, animal or mineral origin, more precisely of pharmacognostic drugs. A great number of drugs and their isolated products show the antimicrobial activities. The chemical substances, which are present in drugs, are currier of antimicrobial activities manifested by action on different bacteria, fungus, parasites and even viruses. The whole series of methods for analyzing of antimicrobial effects of drugs and the medicines in general are treated by scientific discipline microbiology. In order to complete the pharmacognostic analyses of drugs and there medicinal products, the microbiological analyses take a very important role. The antimicrobial and antifungal effects of series of plant materials, of pharmacognosticdrugs against the large number of bacteria and fungus Candida have been carried out. The drugs we analyzed were treated from their chemical point of view and that is the presence of: coumarins, mucus and anthraquinones. The contents of these substances in plant material were analyzed by method of thin layer chromatography that was published preliminary. The antimicrobial effects of analyzed drugs were determinate by using dilution method in antimicrobial analyses which have been carried out with decocts of drugs.
Anatomical-clinical investigations of variations of the human coronary arteries
Authors: Hasanović Aida , Dilberović Faruk , Ovčina Fehim 
Published: May 2018

Variations of the human coronary arteries have always attracted the attention of many researchers. A review of the literature shows that variations can cause ischemic heart disease or sudden cardiac death. The aim of the investigations was to examine the existence and clinical significance of variations of the human coronary arteries. Special attention has been focused on myocardial bridging of the coronary arteries and coronary arteriovenous fistula. Our investigations were carried out on the human hearts at the Department of Anatomy and on patients at the Cardiology Department of University Clinical Centre in Sarajevo. Using the method of dissection and coronary angiography we established the existence of variations of the coronaryarteries (variations of origin, distribution) on the human hearts without macroscopic visible changes as well as on patients with ischemic changes (angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, congenital cardiovascular malformation etc.). We established the higher incidence of ischemic changes on patients with variations of coronary arteries.
The effects of McKenzie exercises for patients with low back pain, our experience
Authors: Mujić Skikić Emela , Trebinjac Suad 
Published: May 2018

OBJECTIVE:To investigate influence of McKenzie exercises on decreasing the pain in patients with low back pain, to show occurrence of Centralization sign, as a predictor of good treatment outcomes and to evaluate use of McKenzie exercises, as a routine method for lower back pain in Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Centres.DESIGN:Clinical, prospective, manipulative study.SETTING:Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Clinic in Community Based Rehabilitation Centers and Institute for Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation affiliated with a Medical College Sarajevo.PARTICIPANTS:Thirty-four patients with symptoms of low back pain.INTERVENTIONS:McKenzie exercise program for low back pain were performed individually to the need and possibility of each patient. Patients attended exercise program daily, under supervision of physiatrist and physiotherapist and do it also at home, five times a day in series of 5 to 10 repetition each time, depending of stage of disease and pain intensity. The average training period was 15,5 days.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:All patients were assessed before and after the treatment. Visual Analog Scale (VAS) measured intensity of pain, localization of pain was noted on special forms and Shober test was used to show differences in spinal movement before and after the treatment.RESULTS:Measurements of spinal movements and flexibility of spine showed significant improvement in all patients. Average difference in values of Shober test before and after treatment was 1,1 cm with SD 0,98. Difference test was t=6,263 with significant difference p<0,01. Mean pain intensity was reduced significantly as a result of treatment. Pain was reduced on VAS for X=2,8 with S.D. 1,56. Difference Test was t=10,332, with significant difference p<0.01. 61,5% of total number of participants had signs of centralisation (6% were in acute stage of pain, 32% in subacute and 23,5% in chronic pain). Centralisation sign was noted in 40% of acute patients, 57.5% subacute and 80% of chronic patients with a low back pain who exercised McKenzieprogram.CONCLUSIONS:McKenzie exercises for low back pain are beneficial treatment for increasing flexibility of spine and improving the pain with better results in pain relief. Although done by minimally trained physiotherapists in McKenzie approach, McKenzieexercises are successful method for decreasing and centralising the pain and increasing spinal movements in patients with lowback pain.
Cloning--philosophical, ethical and religious considerations
Authors: Karić Enes 
Published: May 2018

Human cloning is considered in theological and philosophical circles largely from the ethical standpoint. The arguments against human cloning in this type of contemporary theological and philosophical apologetics generally focus on three criteria which, it is claimed, the advocates of human cloning fail to take into consideration. These are: a) moderation, b) limits, c) the entity as a whole. Permit me to set out in brief the main points of reference on which the arguments are based, in the same order.
Observing of the asymmetry of hippocampal formation on patients with complex partial attacks
Authors: Sarač - Hadžihalilović Aida , Dilberović Faruk 
Published: May 2018

Lobus limbicus is anatomical basis for explaining the temporal epilepsy because it not only includes the focus of infection of temporal lobe but also the frontal lobe, and with it we can explain many of the phenomenon's of the epilepsy (hallucinations, the change of the effects, and so on.). The goal of this assignment was to explore the asymmetry of hippocampal formation on the patients with complex partial attacks. The results show that the least number of patients with epilepsy have a symmetric (same) size of the hippocampal formation both from the left and the right side. The number is statistically significantly lower than the number of patients with epilepsy who has asymmetric (different size) hippocampal formation both from the left and the right side. By the direction of asymmetry the difference in the number of patients with epilepsy isn't statistically significant. Coefficient. of asymmetry shows that the asymmetry on the left side is more common to men, while it is distributed evenly on sides, left and right in women. Testing of significance in age differences depends on the sim./asim. of the hippocampal formation of both the right and the left side of coronal slice is a statistical significance. While with axial and sagittal slices, we have a statistical significance between a women and a man on the level of the course of asymmetry. So, the use of MRI technique in examining asymmetry of the hippocampal formation, that we used on this asymmetry, we suggest it as an template of future examinations in a sense of shedding light of the anatomical functions that is located on the basis of neuropsychiatrics dysfunctions.
Proximal convoluted tubules of the rats kidney--a stereological analysis
Authors: Aličelebić Selma 
Published: May 2018

Background and Purpose: The aim of this work was to order quantitative parameters of the proximal convoluted tubules (PCT) in the normal rat kidney cortex. Volume density (VV), both surface and specific surface density toward interstitium (SVi and SVi/VV) and toward lumen (SVl and SVl/VV) and thickness (T) of tubules epithelium have been stereologically ordered.Material and Methods: Stereologically were analysed 170 test fields by lattice L36 on the paraffin sections of the three adult male Wistar rats kidney dyeing by PAS-method.Results: The mean values of the variables analysed were Vv=76.4% ±0.012; Svi=0.056pm-1 ±0.004; Svl=0.028pm-1 ±0.003; Svi/Vv=0.073pm-1 ±0.003; Svl/Vv=0.037pm-1 ±0.005; T=18,26pm ±0.897.Conclusions: Stereological methods are making a very valuable contribution to science over recent years. We have used unbiased stereological counting methods to obtain objective quantitative parameters of the PCT epithelium in the normal rats’ kidney cortex.
The Bcl-2 protein: a prognostic indicator strongly related to ER and PR in breast cancer
Authors: Bilalović Nurija , Vranić Semir , Hasanagić Senad , Basić Hiba , Tatarević Aida , Bešlija Semir , Selak Ivan 
Published: May 2018

Bcl-2, the protein product of the Bcl-2 gene, is a member of the Bcl-2 family of proteins that play a crucial role in a complex mechanism of apoptosis. It was recently proposed that bcl-2 could inhibit cancer progression. In this study, we evaluated the expression patterns of Bcl-2, estrogen receptors (ER), progesterone receptors (PR) in 71 primary invasive breast carcinomas and their association with other clinicopathological parameters. Samples from 71 patients with invasive breast cancer with follow-up ranging from 4-103 months (median 57 months) were included in the study. Forty-six patients (66%) obtained a complete response, while 5 (9%) were considered non-responders during the follow up period of 103 months. Eighteen (25%) patients died, 15 (21%) from primary disease and 3 (4%) from other disease. In unvaried analysis, tumor size (<2 cm), lymph node (<4 lymph nodes), hormonal status and Bcl-2 expression are correlated with longer overall (OS) and relapse-free survival (RFS). Patients with 4 or more positive axillary lymph nodes had significantly shorter OS (p=0.01) and RFS (p=0.009). Higher expression of Bcl-2 was associated with longer OS (p=0.02) and RFS (p=0.03), and this result were independent of axillary lymph nodes and tumor size in Cox multivariate analysis.
Impact of ABO blood groups on the fertility of different parental pairs
Authors: Berberović Ljubomir , Redžić Amira , Sosić Bojan 
Published: May 2018

Classical works dealing with the possibility of mother-child incompatibility with regard to basic ABO blood groups give contradictory conclusions. Bioreproductive and population-genetic indicators have been studied in a sample of live births and in two pregnancy samples with different "a priori" and "a posteriori" risk assessment. The analysis points out that ABO blood groups can influence fertility of differentparental pairs, and consequently--assessment of the individual pregnancy risk.