bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Students’ perceptions of a food safety and quality e-learning course: a CASE study for a MSC in food consumption
Authors: Vaz-Fernandes Paula , Caeiro Sandra 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Life long training and education in food safety is a crucial issue in particular for professionals working in the field. At the same time there is a need to evaluate the effectiveness of that training in particular when is given in e-learning. The purpose of this explorative work is to evaluate the Food Safety and Quality e-learning course within a Master program offered in the National Distance Learning University in Portugal. Following a case study methodology a mixed methods approached was used, based on an online questionnaire survey to students that enrolled the course, followed by a Focus Group Discussion to better discuss the weak points addressed by the students in the questionnaire. The questionnaire aimed to assess students perceptions about the course organization, recourses, assignments, acquired competences, change attitudes and behaviour and link with the professional activity Students who enrolled the course during 2016/17 and 2017/18 were surveyed in the fourth semester of the curricular year, in the period of development of the master thesis dissertation. In addition a quantitative analysis was conducted in the temporal distributions of messages published on the Moodle platform (learning analytics) to evaluate students’ interactions and engagement during the course.
This study has shown that overall, students are very satisfied with the course, however they suggested improvements that are needed considering the pedagogical model used and their availability to learn as students with full time jobs, most related with the food science. This explorative research aimed to contribute to the improvement of food safety and quality training based also on recent tools and recommendations within e-learning in science education.
Development and implementation of an emission optimization model for passenger flight bookings
Authors: Schennings Andreas , Larsson Joel , Robèrt Markus 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
In this analysis we discover the potential of a more transparent emission declaration system, in order to a) facilitate for environmentally concerned consumers to choose low-emission flights, and b) provide data for a future emission trading system where the aviation industry is accounted for its emission costs. Some air travel consumers book flights through low-cost flight ticket price comparison websites, that offer comparisons on price, convenience, travel time, and other factors relevant to the consumer. As a basis for this study, an algorithm designed for “flight CO2 emissions comparisons”, was developed and implemented on Sweden’s largest flight ticket price comparison website that compares flights by CO2 emissions in kg per passenger and trip. A visitor to the site can now also select a flight based on the ranking of carbon emission levels from each flight. In addition to the implementation of the algorithm in a commercial aviation booking system, a survey was conducted to analyze consumer preference data to glean insights and make conclusions about flight ticket price sensitivity, convenience, environmental awareness and potential for behavioral change among air travel consumers.
The findings from this study indicate that the algorithm will not act as a catalyst for emission reductions in the aviation sector, unless it is complemented by emission reduction policies and/or introduction of a fair emission taxation system. Furthermore, the aviation sector should be obliged to report accurate emission data on all tickets in order to bring full transparency to consumers searching low emission transport modes.
Green production of silver nanoparticles, evaluation of their nematicidal activity against Meloidogyne javanica and their impact on growth of faba bean
Authors: Hamed Seham M. , Hagag Eman S. , El-Raouf Neveen Abd 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundCyanobacterium-based silver nanoparticles are considered not only as an efficient nano-nematicide but also as a bio-stimulant material for plant growth. They could be employed as a part of an integrated program for controlling some plant diseases.ResultsIn this study, silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) were biosynthesized from aqueous extract of the cyanobacterium,Nostocsp. PCC7524. Full characterization of the biosynthesized Ag-NPs was monitored by UV-vis spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction pattern, Zeta sizer, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. In vitro assay against the root-knot nematodeMeloidogyne javanicashowed that Ag-NPs significantly decreased egg hatching ofM. javanicaat different applied concentrations (3, 6, 12, 25, and 50%, v/v). Fifty percent of Ag-NPs induced the highest reduction percent (94.66%). Moreover, Ag-NPs and AgNO3significantly increased the percentages of larval mortality of the second-stage juveniles (J2) with concentration and time-dependent responses. Ag-NPs or AgNO3at 2.4 ml/l, 24 h, completely inhibited the growth of J2compared to 23% inhibition using aqueous cyanobacterial extract (ACE). In vivo effect of Ag-NPs on faba bean-infected plant under greenhouse conditions was achieved by treating soil with three different concentrations of 1, 2, and 3 ml/kg soil over two consecutive seasons. Ag-NPs significantly reduced root galling from 39.6 to 78.7% and J2population in the soils from 32.2% to 86.7% in the 2018 season and from 21.9 to 78.1% and 40.0 to 81.0% in the 2019 season, respectively. Moreover, 3 ml/kg soil of Ag-NP treatment showed statistically comparable effects to that of vydate nematicide but with remarkable enhancement of faba bean growth parameters as compared to those of vydate or AgNO3treatments in the two seasons.ConclusionsThe considerable in vitro and in vivo nematicidal potential of the cyanobacterium-based Ag-NPs, besides their bio-stimulant effect on plant growth, makes them feasible for the biological control ofM. javanica.
Iterative magnetic forward modeling for high susceptibility based on integral equation and Gauss-fast Fourier transform
Authors: Ouyang Fang , Chen Longwei 
Published: October 2019

Self-demagnetization due to strongly magnetic bodies can seriously affect the interpretation of magnetic anomalies. Conventional numerical methods often neglect the self-demagnetization effects and limit their use to low susceptibilities ([Formula: see text]). We have developed a novel iterative method based on the integral equation and the Gauss-fast Fourier transform (FFT) technique for calculating the magnetic field from finite bodies of high magnetic susceptibility and arbitrary shapes. The method uses a segmented model consisting of prismatic voxels to approximate a complex target region. In each voxel, the magnetization is assumed to be constant, so that the integral equation in the spatial domain can reduce to a simple form with lots of merit in numerical calculation after the 2D Fourier transform. Moreover, a contraction operator is derived to ensure the convergence of the iterative calculation, and the Gauss-FFT technique is applied to reduce numerical errors due to edge effects. Our modeling results indicate that this new iterative scheme performs well in a wide range of magnetic susceptibilities (1–1000 SI). For lower susceptibilities ([Formula: see text]), the iterative algorithm converges rapidly and indicates very good correlation with the analytical solutions. At higher susceptibilities ([Formula: see text]), our method still performs well, but the numerical accuracy improves with a relatively slow speed. In the extreme case ([Formula: see text]), an acceptable result is also obtained after sufficient iterative computation. A further improvement in the numerical precision can be achieved by increasing the number of prismatic voxels, but at the same time, the computational time increases linearly with the size of the voxels.
Body Mass Index, Triglycerides, and Risk of Acute Pancreatitis: A Population-Based Study of 118 000 Individuals
Authors: Hansen Signe E J , Madsen Christian M , Varbo Anette , Nordestgaard Børge G 
Published: October 2019

AbstractObjectiveThe incidence of acute pancreatitis is rising worldwide and currently no curative treatment exists. Clarification of preventable risk factors is important for the reduction of morbidity and mortality from acute pancreatitis. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that the risk of acute pancreatitis associated with body mass index (BMI) is partly mediated through elevated triglycerides.DesignWe included 118 085 individuals from 2 prospective cohort studies, the Copenhagen City Heart Study and the Copenhagen General Population Study, with BMI measured at baseline. Diagnosis of acute pancreatitis was assessed from the national Danish registries, as hospitalization or death due to acute pancreatitis.ResultsHigher BMI was associated with higher risk of acute pancreatitis with a multivariable-adjusted hazard ratio of 1.4 (95% CI, 1.1–1.8) for BMI of 25–29.9, 2.1 (1.6–2.9) for BMI of 30–34.9, and 2.8 (1.8–4.3) for BMI &gt; 35, compared with individuals with BMI of 18.5–24.9. Triglycerides mediated 29% (95% CI, 12%–46%; P = 0.001) of the association between BMI and risk of acute pancreatitis in the age- and sex-adjusted model and 22% (6%–39%; P = 0.008) in the multivariable-adjusted model.ConclusionHigher BMI is associated with higher risk of acute pancreatitis in individuals from the general population, partly mediated through higher triglycerides. This indicates a potential for preventing acute pancreatitis by reducing BMI and triglycerides in individuals with high values.
Sanctuary’s Radical Networks
Authors: Paik A. Naomi , Ruiz Jason , Schreiber Rebecca M. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis editors’ introduction examines the genealogies of sanctuary as a space—and movement-based oppositional practice, one that contests the sovereign power of the nation-state and the structural roots of multiple, intersecting oppressions. Like each contribution to this special issue, the introduction challenges readers to reconsider the meanings and possibilities of sanctuary movements across time and place. It raises contexts and themes that are investigated in the issue’s contributions on the struggles of migrant communities in a context of increasingly militarized borders, Indigenous practices of radical hospitality, GLBTQ spaces of refuge, policing reform efforts, and practices of civil disobedience. This introduction looks to both the history and the radical future of sanctuary.
Tiny Flying Houses and Other Forms of Resistance and Survival
Authors: McIntire Rachel , Duarte Caleb 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Casitas voladoras (Tiny Flying Houses) is a collaborative sculptural performance with undocumented immigrant day-labor workers from the state of Chiapas, Mexico, living in San Francisco, California, and with the community of El Pital, Honduras. The work focuses on sculptural public interventions as a form of claiming social protection and as a reflection of the New Sanctuary Movement.
Desafios de familiares no cuidado domiciliar da criança em uso de cânula de traqueostomia
Authors: Bossa Priscila Machado de Araújo , Pacheco Sandra Teixeira de Araújo , Araújo Bárbara Bertolossi Marta de , Nunes Michelle Darezzo Rodrigues , Silva Liliane Faria da , Cardoso Juliana Maria Rêgo Maciel 
Published: October 2019

Objetivo: descrever os desafios enfrentados por familiares para cuidar da criança com traqueostomia no domicílio. Método: pesquisa descritiva, qualitativa, desenvolvida através da análise de conteúdo, pela perspectiva do referencial teórico de Collière. Foram entrevistados oito familiares de crianças com traqueostomia, na faixa etária entre 3 e 9 anos acompanhadas em um ambulatório pediátrico no município do Rio de Janeiro, no período de janeiro a maio de 2016. Resultados: os desafios envolveram principalmente o enfrentamento da nova realidade, as novas demandas de cuidado, a dificuldade com a aquisição de materiais e a limitação no convívio social da criança. Para superar as dificuldades os familiares cuidadores reinventam as estratégias de cuidado a fim de preservar a vida. Conclusão: foram identificadas condutas que oferecem risco à saúde dessas crianças, apontando a necessidade de instrumentalizar as práticas dos familiares para a manutenção adequada e segura das vias aéreas no ambiente domiciliar.
Primary failure of eruption – a review and case report
Authors: Marlow Benjamin , Parker Kate , Hodges Samantha 
Published: October 2019

Partial or complete failure of tooth eruption may be due to several causes, including primary failure of eruption (PFE), and an accurate diagnosis is essential for appropriate management. This article reviews PFE and the possible treatment options. Case reports of two patients diagnosed with PFE are presented and their management discussed. CPD/Clinical Relevance: Primary failure of eruption can be difficult to diagnose and differentiate from other causes of failure of eruption. This paper highlights the clinical presentation of PFE through a review of the literature and by illustration with two clinical cases.
Placebo Response in Chronic Idiopathic Constipation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Nee Judy , Sugarman Michael A. , Ballou Sarah , Katon Jesse , Rangan Vikram , Singh Prashant , Zubiago Julia , Kaptchuk Ted J. , Lembo Anthony 
Published: October 2019

OBJECTIVES:
Chronic idiopathic constipation (CIC), like other functional gastrointestinal disorders, has been associated with a high placebo response rate. However, the placebo response in randomized controlled trials has not been described.

METHODS:
We conducted a search of the medical literature following the protocol outlined in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis statement using MEDLINE, EMBASE and EMBASE Classic, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials for all drugs used for the treatment of CIC. Two independent reviewers performed eligibility assessment and data extraction. The mean response rate was examined for the following 2 responder endpoints: (i) greater than or equal to 3 complete spontaneous bowel movements (CSBMs)/wk (≥3 CSBMs/wk responders) and (ii) mean increase of ≥1 CSBM/wk compared with baseline (increase in ≥1 CSBM/wk responders).

RESULTS:
A total of 23 placebo-controlled trials met our inclusion criteria and were included in this meta-analysis. The placebo response in CIC trials ranged from 4% to 44%. The magnitude of the placebo response was 13% (95% confidence interval 11%–16%) with the ≥3 CSBM/wk responder endpoint and 28% (95% confidence interval 21%–30%) with the increase of ≥1 in the CSBM responder endpoint. Higher baseline CSBM, older age, and trials with more male participants were significantly associated with a stronger placebo response for both the ≥3 CSBMs/wk endpoint and increase in the ≥1 CSBM/wk endpoint. Trial characteristics such as location (Europe vs Asia/United States) and laxative class (prokinetic vs secretagogue) revealed key differences in the placebo response for both endpoints. The placebo response was not significantly affected by the number of study visits, study duration, year of publication, number of drop outs, or likelihood of receiving active drug.

DISCUSSION:
The placebo response in CIC trials ranges from 4% to 44% depending on the endpoint. Modifying factors of the placebo response include multiple subject and trial characteristics.
Hormonal and metabolic disturbances and their correction in children with obesity
Authors: Bolotova N. V. , Averyanov A. P. , Lazebnikova S. V. , Dronova Ye. G. 
Published: October 2019

The paper deals with the prevalence and specific features of the metabolic syndrome (MS) in children with different forms of obesity and with the capacities of its correction. Ninety-eight children aged 9-17years, including 44 children with exogenous constitutional obesity and 54 with pubertal juvenile dyspituitarism, were examined. For the diagnosis of MS, clinical exami­nations methods were used. These included: estimation of the body mass index, circumferences of the waist and hips, their ra­tio, the levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, coagulogram, fasting insulin, the routine glucose tolerance test, and fasting glucose/insulin ratio. The incidence of MS in obese children was 42.9%. A combination of 5 components of MS, such as in­sulin resistence, abdominal obesity, hyperlipidemia, hyperco- agulative changes, and aterial hypertension, was noted in 23.8% of the children and that of 4 and 3 (incomplete MS) components in different combinations was in 52.4 and 23.8%, respectively.
The combined therapy low-calorie diet and metformin (Siofor, Berlin-Chemie) was used to correct the metabolic disturbances detected in 28 children aged above 13 years. The use of Siofor in children with MS, unlike dietary monotherapy, substantially improved the values of total cholesterol, fibrinogen, and blood pressure and normalized a response to glycemic load in most patients
Comprehensive characterization and resolution of discrepant spectrophotometric bilirubin results in patients on eltrombopag therapy
Authors: Cheng Timothy H.T. , Tsui Teresa K.C. , Kwok Jeffrey S.S. , Lit Lydia C.W. , Wong Elaine Y.L. , Kam Richard K.T. , Grote-Koska Denis , Staaden Antje , Okada Hitoshi , Fuke Noriko , Wong Raymond S.M. , Li Chi-Kong , Chan Michael H.M. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
Eltrombopag is a thrombopoietin receptor agonist used for the treatment of thrombocytopenic conditions. It can cause pH-dependent discoloration of plasma/serum. Eltrombopag is potentially hepatotoxic. It can affect the assessment of hyperbilirubinemia because of its (i) absorbance at ~450 nm (bilirubin), (ii) absorbance at ~550 nm (diazo-bilirubin) and (iii) it can cause yellowish discoloration of the eyes at normal circulating bilirubin levels.

Methods
We collected 66 samples from patients on a range of eltrombopag dosages up to 150 mg daily. Bilirubin was measured using multiple routine spectrophotometric analyzers, the Doumas reference method and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Plasma/serum eltrombopag concentrations were determined using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Spike-in and admixture experiments delineated the effects of eltrombopag and its metabolites.

Results
Forty-nine of 52 samples from patients on ≥50 mg daily eltrombopag therapy showed significantly discrepant inter-analyzer total bilirubin results, a difference up to 64 μmol/L (3.7 mg/dL). In one sample, total bilirubin varied from 8 to 65 μmol/L (0.4–3.8 mg/dL) by different routine analyzers, with direct bilirubin ≤4 μmol/L (0.2 mg/dL). There was a positive correlation between total bilirubin difference and plasma eltrombopag concentration (r = 0.679), and spike-in experiments demonstrated that Beckman AU and Doumas reference methods were susceptible to positive interference. HPLC can quantify bilirubin after separating eltrombopag, and results suggest different analyzers are affected to varying degrees by eltrombopag and its metabolites.

Conclusions
Eltrombopag and its metabolites can cause positive interference to the spectrophotometric measurements of total bilirubin. Accurate measurements of total bilirubin may improve our understanding of the prevalence of hyperbilirubinemia in patients on eltrombopag therapy.
Desorption of hydrolyzed poly(AM/DMDAAC) from bentonite and its decomposition in saltwater under high temperatures
Authors: Lin Ling , Li Xin , Shi Chenliang , Mao Yifan 
Published: October 2019

AbstractUnder harsh conditions, the desorption of polyampholytes from bentonite (Bent) can affect the performance of drilling fluids. To study the desorption of polyampholyte from bentonite, partially hydrolyzed copolymers of acrylamide and diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride (HPAD), containing carboxyl groups, quaternary ammonium groups and amide groups was synthesized via free radical copolymerization followed by hydrolyzation. The molecular structure of HPAD was characterized by1H NMR and13C NMR. The adsorption equilibrium of HPAD on Bent in the presence of 10 wt% NaCl was 106 mg·g–1. The adsorption-desorption behavior of HPAD on Bent was studied using a high pressure and high temperature (HPHT) filtration apparatus, to obtain the filtrate liquid and filter cakes. The content of HPAD in the filtration and the filter cakes was determined via UV and element analysis, respectively. As the temperature increased, the desorption of HPAD from Bent accelerated owing to molecular thermal motion and thermal degradation of the adsorptive groups. Notably, the decomposition rate of the amide group was more than twice that of the quaternary ammonium group. The critical temperature for HPAD desorption was 135°C, as the decomposition of the adsorptive groups became predominant over intensified molecular thermal motion at high temperatures.
Quid Pro Quo! Organization Theoretical Remarks about FIFA’s Legitimacy Under Blatter and Infantino
Authors: Richau Lukas , Emrich Eike , Follert Florian 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
This article addresses the question of the legitimacy of sports organizations, with a particular focus on the football organization FIFA. By applying elements of the public choice theory as well as the concept of political machines to FIFA, we show that the FIFA leadership established an allocation system that works on a discretionary basis in addition to the formal rule-based allocation process. FIFA uses this exchange system to please selected member associations, which in return vote in favor of the leadership’s plans and secure its legitimacy. We further illustrate that such a system can only exist in the long run if the majority of both internal and external stakeholders approves the system.
Just Transition at the Intersection of Labour and Climate Justice Movements: Lessons from the Portuguese Climate Jobs Campaign
Authors: Kenfack Chrislain Eric 
Published: October 2019

In the current context of climate change and its accompanying adverse effects on natural, human and social systems, the imperative of transitioning to low- and preferably post-carbon societies has become a non-negotiable reality if we want to avoid reaching the point of no return in terms of environmental and climate catastrophe. Such a transition requires that the interests and needs of workers and their communities be taken into consideration to make sure they do not bear the heaviest part of the burden in terms of loss of jobs and means of survival, and that they are prepared to face the new, post-carbon labour environment. The concept of Just Transition was coined to describe both the socio-political project put forward by trade unions in response to climate change, and the recognition by climate activists that the livelihoods and security of workers and their communities must be ensured during the transition to a post-carbon society. However, just transition movements are divided between two quite different orientations, which are labelled “affirmative” and “transformative.” On the one hand, affirmative just transition advocates envisage a transition within the current political-economic system. Transformative just transition activists, on the other hand, envisage a post-capitalist transition. This article, drawing upon an extensive case study of the Portuguese climate jobs campaign, goes beyond showing how these orientations shape the positions taken by union and climate activists. The article also analyses how the conflicts and cooperation between these key actors can shed light on the possibilities and/or limitations of just transition as a framework for the collective action needed to achieve rapid, deep decarbonisation of economies in the Global North context.
KEY WORDS: climate change; just transition; labour environmentalism; climate jobs; climate justice; climate activism