bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of Implant‐Supported Custom Milled Impression Copings to Capture Soft‐Tissue Contours and Incisal Guidance
Authors: Bukhari Sarah A. , Proussaefs Periklis , AlHelal Abdulaziz , Garbacea Antoanela , AlBader Bader , Kattadiyil Mathew T. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractA technique is presented where a custom milled impression coping is used to replicate the clinically established anterior incisal guidance to the definitive prosthesis when multiple implants are restored in the esthetic zone. A conventional impression is initially made, then the stone cast is scanned, and a digitally designed custom screw‐retained, implant‐supported interim prosthesis is milled from a polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) billet. This is aimed to digitally design the pontic areas, contour the gingival soft tissue, and establish an anterior incisal guidance. A custom milled impression coping (CMIC) is then fabricated. The CMIC has contours similar to the contours of the interim prosthesis and is fabricated from a PMMA billet. Titanium inserts are placed in the interim prosthesis and the CMIC. The CMIC is inserted intraorally and used for the final impression by using a custom tray and by following the open tray impression protocol. With the proposed technique, the exact contours of the digitally designed and clinically verified interim prosthesis are used to fabricate the definitive restoration.
Peer Effects on Weight Status, Dietary Behaviour and Physical Activity among Adolescents in Europe: Findings from the I.Family Study
Authors: Gwozdz Wencke , Nie Peng , Sousa‐Poza Alfonso , DeHenauw Stefaan , Felső Regina , Hebestreit Antje , Iguacel Isabel , Lissner Lauren , Lauria Fabio , Page Angie , Reisch Lucia A. , Tornaritis Michael , Veidebaum Toomas , Williams Garrath , Foraita Ronja ,   on behalf of the I.Family Consortium
Published: February 2019

SummaryThis study uses survey data from the I.Family Study to investigate the association between adolescent and peer overweight in a sample of adolescents aged 12–16 from six European countries. We find clear evidence of peer effects on body mass index, waist circumference, and body fat, which are stronger among adolescents at the upper end of overweight distribution. We also provide evidence that both consumption of less healthy foods and time spent in leisure time physical activity and audio‐visual media are positively associated with similar behaviours among friends. These observations may suggest that peer effects on adolescent overweight operate by influencing friends’ behaviour patterns, especially unhealthy food consumption and physical (in)activity.
Occurrence of Borrelia and Borreliella species in Ixodes ricinus collected from roe deer in northwestern Spain
Authors: Díaz P. , Remesar S. , Venzal J. M. , Vázquez‐López M. E. , Fernández G. , López C. , Díez‐Baños P. , Morrondo P. , Panadero R. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractIxodes ricinus, comprising the predominant tick species in Europe, can transmit important human pathogens, including Borreliella spp., the causal agent of Lyme borreliosis. One hundred and seventy five roe deer hunted in two areas (plateau and mountain) of Galicia (northwest Spain) were examined for the presence of ticks; all roe deer were infested by I. ricinus. Nymphs (n = 1000), males (n = 1449) and females (n = 1000) of I. ricinus were analysed in pools of up to 10 ticks to detect both Borreliella and Borrelia DNA. The average number of I. ricinus per roe deer was similar in both areas, regardless of the life stage; although the percentage of Borreliella and Borrelia positive pools was higher in ticks collected from roe deer hunted in the plateau area, no significant differences were detected. Sequence analysis at the flagellin gene allowed the identification of four Borreliella species (Borreliella afzelii, Borreliella garinii, Borreliella lusitaniae and Borreliella valaisiana) and Borrelia miyamotoi in adult males; only B. valaisiana and B. miyamotoi were detected in nymphs and all females were negative. All Borreliella and Borrelia species found in roe deer were previously identified in questing I. ricinus collected in the same study area, although the prevalence was lower in the present study. The analysis of male I. ricinus ticks collected from roe deer gives a good estimation of Borreliella diversity in questing ticks.
Risk predictions of physical aggression in acute psychiatric wards: Findings of a prospective study
Authors: Yalcin Suna , Bilgin Hulya 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThis study was conducted using prospective methods to analyze predictions of the risk of physical aggression from patients with a mental illness and the variables used in these predictions. A total of 252 individuals participated in the study, all of whom were inpatients in acute psychiatric wards. Data were collected using a questionnaire consisting of two questions designed to determine the nature of predictions of the risk of physical aggression from mental health patients at admission and the variables used to make these predictions. Descriptive statistics and χ2‐tests were used for the data analysis. For approximately two thirds of the patients (61.9%, n = 156), a low‐level risk was predicted. The rate of patients predicted to demonstrate physical aggression was significantly higher. Nurses were better able to predict non‐aggressive behavior than risks of aggressive behavior. To improve the accuracy of predicting which patients with a mental illness will show aggressive behavior, a risk assessment should be conducted during hospitalization. Using a person‐centered approach, administrators in psychiatric settings should adopt an integrative perspective, considering individual and environmental factors, via a multi‐disciplinary approach.
Treatment of Anterior Sternoclavicular Joint Dislocation with Acromioclavicular Joint Hook Plate
Authors: Qu Yan‐zhen , Xia Tian , Liu Guo‐hui , Zhou Wu , Mi Bo‐bin , Liu Jing , Guo Xiao‐dong 
Published: February 2019

ObjectiveTo evaluate the safety and efficacy of using acromioclavicular joint hook plates for the treatment of anterior sternoclavicular joint dislocation.MethodsTen patients who suffered anterior sternoclavicular joint dislocation were retrospectively analyzed, and underwent acromioclavicular joint hook plate surgeries from January 2015 to May 2017. There were 7 male and 3 female patients, with a mean age of 43.6 years. According to the American Shoulder and Elbow Society (ASES) scoring system, the preoperative physical function had a mean of 83.5.ResultsReduction and fixation were performed with hook plates in all 10 patients. All patients were followed up, with a mean duration of 16.9 months. There were no complications, no wound infections, and no plate or screw breakages. Movement of the shoulder girdle was improved in all patients. According to the ASES scoring system, the postoperative physical function had a mean of 94.8.ConclusionThe acromioclavicular joint hook plate demonstrates safety and efficacy for the treatment of anterior sternoclavicular joint dislocation. However, there are still some deficiencies that need to be improved.
A purple acid phosphatase, GmPAP33, participates in arbuscule degeneration during arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis in soybean
Authors: Li Chengchen , Zhou Jia , Wang Xiurong , Liao Hong 
Published: February 2019

AbstractArbuscules are the central structures of the symbiotic association between terrestrial plants and arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi. However, arbuscules are also ephemeral structures, and following development, these structures are soon digested and ultimately disappear. Currently, little is known regarding the mechanism underlying the digestion of senescent arbuscules. Here, biochemical and functional analyses were integrated to test the hypothesis that a purple acid phosphatase, GmPAP33, controls the hydrolysis of phospholipids during arbuscule degeneration. The expression of GmPAP33 was enhanced by AM fungal inoculation independent of the P conditions in soybean roots. Promoter‐β‐glucuronidase (GUS) reporter assays revealed that the expression of GmPAP33 was mainly localized to arbuscule‐containing cells during symbiosis. The recombinant GmPAP33 exhibited high hydrolytic activity towards phospholipids, phosphatidylcholine, and phosphatidic acid. Furthermore, soybean plants overexpressing GmPAP33 exhibited increased percentages of large arbuscules and improved yield and P content compared with wild‐type plants when inoculated with AM fungi. Mycorrhizal RNAi plants had high phospholipid levels and a large percentage of small arbuscules. These results in combination with the subcellular localization of GmPAP33 at the plasma membrane indicate that GmPAP33 participates in arbuscule degeneration during AM symbiosis via involvement in phospholipid hydrolysis.
Ozone effects on plants in natural ecosystems
Authors: Grulke N. E. , Heath R. L. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractTropospheric ozone (O3) is an important stressor in natural ecosystems, with well‐documented impacts on soils, biota and ecological processes. The effects of O3 on individual plants and processes scale up through the ecosystem through effects on carbon, nutrient and hydrologic dynamics. Ozone effects on individual species and their associated microflora and fauna cascade through the ecosystem to the landscape level. Systematic injury surveys demonstrate that foliar injury occurs on sensitive species throughout the globe. However, deleterious impacts on plant carbon, water and nutrient balance can also occur without visible injury. Because sensitivity to O3 may follow coarse physiognomic plant classes (in general, herbaceous crops are more sensitive than deciduous woody plants, grasses and conifers), the task still remains to use stomatal O3 uptake to assess class and species’ sensitivity. Investigations of the radial growth of mature trees, in combination with data from many controlled studies with seedlings, suggest that ambient O3 reduces growth of mature trees in some locations. Models based on tree physiology and forest stand dynamics suggest that modest effects of O3 on growth may accumulate over time, other stresses (prolonged drought, excess nitrogen deposition) may exacerbate the direct effects of O3 on tree growth, and competitive interactions among species may be altered. Ozone exposure over decades may be altering the species composition of forests currently, and as fossil fuel combustion products generate more O3 than deteriorates in the atmosphere, into the future as well.
Tim‐3 regulates inflammatory cytokine expression and Th17 cell response induced by monocytes from patients with chronic hepatitis B
Authors: Wang Junyan , Li Chan , Fu Juanjuan , Wang Xia , Feng Xia , Pan Xiucheng 
Published: February 2019

AbstractTim‐3 is expressed on monocytes/macrophages and is involved in the regulation of inflammatory responses. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of Tim‐3 on inflammatory response triggered by peripheral monocytes from patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). Tim‐3 expression on peripheral monocytes and frequency of Th17 cells in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) derived from CHB patients were detected. Followed by lipopolysaccharides (LPS) activation of circulating monocytes from CHB patients, expression of inflammatory cytokines including TNF‐α，IL‐1β and IL‐6 were examined in the presence and absence of Galectin‐9 which is the ligand for Tim‐3. Subsequently, after purified CD4+T cells were cocultured with LPS‐activated monocytes from CHB patients in the presence of anti‐Tim‐3 antibody, percentage of Th17 cells and production of IL‐17 were measured. Tim‐3 expression was significantly upregulated and closely correlated to the frequency of Th17 cells in patients with CHB. Expression of TNF‐α，IL‐1β and IL‐6 increased significantly in monocytes stimulated with LPS and Galectin‐9, compared to LPS stimulation alone. LPS‐activated monocytes from CHB patients could drive differentiation of memory CD4+T cells to Th17 cells. However, under the blockade of Tim‐3 signalling by anti‐Tim‐3 antibody, percentage of Th17 cells and production of IL‐17 decreased significantly. Our results demonstrate that upregulated expression of Tim‐3 on circulating monocytes accelerates inflammatory response by promoting production of inflammatory cytokines and Th17 responses in CHB.
Sexual and Religious Obsessions in Relation to Suicidal Ideation in Bipolar Disorder
Authors: Abdel Hamid Ahmed A. L. , Nasreldin Mohamed , Gohar Sherif M. , Saleh Alia A. , Tarek Mennat‐Allah 
Published: February 2019

ObjectivesObsessions and suicidal behavior are common among patients with bipolar disorder. The relation between them and their impact on disease severity should be a focus of attention. This study aimed at assessment of the presence of sexual and religious obsessions in patients with bipolar disorder and their relation to suicide ideation.MethodsNinety patients diagnosed with bipolar I disorder were recruited consecutively and subdivided into two groups: bipolar disorder with and without sexual/religious obsessions. Both groups were subjected to Dimensional Yale‐Brown Obsessive–Compulsive Scale (DY‐BOCS), Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS), Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD), and Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation (BSSI).ResultsPatients with bipolar disorder and sexual/religious obsessions were 54.4% (n = 49) of the total sample, and they showed significantly higher number of suicidal attempts, more severe depression, and suicidal ideation than those without sexual/religious obsessions. BSSI showed significantly positive correlation with HAMD and DY‐BOCS sexual and religious obsessions dimension‐related distress.ConclusionSexual and religious obsessions tend to be more frequent among patients with bipolar disorder. Higher depression and obsessive‐related distress potentially contribute to the increased risk of suicidal ideation.
A cream containing omega‐3‐fatty acids, humectants and emollients as an aid in the treatment of equine Culicoides hypersensitivity
Authors: Huhmann Rebecca , Mueller Ralf S. 
Published: February 2019

BackgroundTopical application of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) has shown satisfactory results in dogs and humans with allergic skin diseases. Urea and glycolic acid act as keratolytics and moisturizers. Culicoides hypersensitivity is the most common equine hypersensitivity disorder and only limited treatment options exist.ObjectivesTo evaluate the effect of a cream containing topical PUFAs, humectants and emollients on clinical signs of equine Culicoides hypersensitivity.AnimalsPrivately owned horses (n = 28) with clinical signs of Culicoides hypersensitivity.Methods and materialsFor a period of four weeks, one half of the horse's body (left or right) was treated with a cream containing concentrated fish oil and several moisturizing and emollient ingredients in a randomized, single‐blinded fashion to evaluate the influence of the treatment on skin lesions. In the subsequent four weeks, the lesional areas of the entire body were treated to assess the treatment effect on pruritus. Additionally, the quality of the hair coat, an overall assessment and adverse effects were recorded.ResultsTwenty‐one horses completed the study. Skin lesions on the treated side improved significantly between days 0 and 28 (P < 0.0001) in comparison to the untreated side. Neither pruritus scores nor coat quality improved significantly between days 0 and 56. Overall condition improved during the study. Five horses showed adverse effects.Conclusions and clinical importanceThe cream improved Culicoides‐induced skin lesions in affected horses, but anti‐pruritic effects were less prominent.
A bi-objective model for sustainable logistics and operations planning of WEEE recovery
Authors: Kapukaya Emine Nisa , Bal Alperen , Satoglu Sule Itir 
Published: February 2019

The Triple-bottom-line concept suggests that firms must consider the environmental and social impacts of their decisions, beside the economic aspects. Hence, the sustainability of the firms’ operations can be reached. The purpose of this study is to develop a bi-objective, multi-product and multi-period mixed-integer model for the operations planning of electrical-electronic waste (WEEE) recovery facilities, by considering social (workforce) constraints. Main objective is the minimization of net recycling and logistics costs offset by the profit earned by recovered material sales, and second objective is the maximization of hazardous materials recovery. Collection of used products from the specified regions is decided and the required machine-hours, inventory and workforce decisions are made. Besides, both weight-based and unit-based WEEE recovery targets are separately considered, as a unique aspect. A sensitivity analysis is conducted with various scrap prices to understand operations planning in changing conditions. Results show that weight-based targets enhance recovery amounts.
Simulations of Die Casting With Uncertainty Quantification
Authors: Shahane Shantanu , Mujumdar Soham , Kim Namjung , Priya Pikee , Aluru Narayana R. , Ferreira Placid , Kapoor Shiv G. , Vanka Surya 
Published: February 2019

AbstractDie casting is a type of metal casting in which a liquid metal is solidified in a reusable die. In such a complex process, measuring and controlling the process parameters are difficult. Conventional deterministic simulations are insufficient to completely estimate the effect of stochastic variation in the process parameters on product quality. In this research, a framework to simulate the effect of stochastic variation together with verification, validation, and uncertainty quantification (UQ) is proposed. This framework includes high-speed numerical simulations of solidification, microstructure, and mechanical properties prediction models along with experimental inputs for calibration and validation. Both experimental data and stochastic variation in process parameters with numerical modeling are employed, thus enhancing the utility of traditional numerical simulations used in die casting to have a better prediction of product quality. Although the framework is being developed and applied to die casting, it can be generalized to any manufacturing process or other engineering problems as well.
On the Heat Transfer and Flow Structures’ Characteristics of the Turbine Blade Tip Underside With Dirt Purge Holes at Different Locations by Using Topological Analysis
Authors: Luo Lei , Zhao Zhiqi , Kan Xiaoxu , Qiu Dandan , Wang Songtao , Wang Zhongqi 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
This paper numerically investigated the impact of the holes and their location on the flow and tip internal heat transfer in a U-bend channel (aspect ratio = 1:2), which is applicable to the cooling passage with dirt purge holes in the mid-chord region of a typical gas turbine blade. Six different tip ejection configurations are calculated at Reynolds numbers from 25,000 to 200,000. The detailed three-dimensional flow and heat transfer over the tip wall are presented, and the overall thermal performances are evaluated. The topological methodology, which is first applied to the flow analysis in an internal cooling passage of the blade, is used to explore the mechanisms of heat transfer enhancement on the tip wall. This study concludes that the production of the counter-rotating vortex pair in the bend region provides a strong shear force and then increases the local heat transfer. The side-mounted single hole and center-mounted double holes can further enhance tip heat transfer, which is attributed to the enhanced shear effect and disturbed low-energy fluid. The overall thermal performance of the optimum hole location is a factor of 1.13 higher than that of the smooth tip. However, if double holes are placed on the upstream of a tip wall, the tip surface cannot be well protected. The results of this study are useful for understanding the mechanism of heat transfer enhancement in a realistic gas turbine blade and for efficient designing of blade tips for engine service.
Global, regional, and national burden of suicide mortality 1990 to 2016: systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016
Authors: Naghavi Mohsen 
Published: February 2019

Abstract

Objectives
To use the estimates from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016 to describe patterns of suicide mortality globally, regionally, and for 195 countries and territories by age, sex, and Socio-demographic index, and to describe temporal trends between 1990 and 2016.

Design
Systematic analysis.

Main outcome measures
Crude and age standardised rates from suicide mortality and years of life lost were compared across regions and countries, and by age, sex, and Socio-demographic index (a composite measure of fertility, income, and education).

Results
The total number of deaths from suicide increased by 6.7% (95% uncertainty interval 0.4% to 15.6%) globally over the 27 year study period to 817 000 (762 000 to 884 000) deaths in 2016. However, the age standardised mortality rate for suicide decreased by 32.7% (27.2% to 36.6%) worldwide between 1990 and 2016, similar to the decline in the global age standardised mortality rate of 30.6%. Suicide was the leading cause of age standardised years of life lost in the Global Burden of Disease region of high income Asia Pacific and was among the top 10 leading causes in eastern Europe, central Europe, western Europe, central Asia, Australasia, southern Latin America, and high income North America. Rates for men were higher than for women across regions, countries, and age groups, except for the 15 to 19 age group. There was variation in the female to male ratio, with higher ratios at lower levels of Socio-demographic index. Women experienced greater decreases in mortality rates (49.0%, 95% uncertainty interval 42.6% to 54.6%) than men (23.8%, 15.6% to 32.7%).

Conclusions
Age standardised mortality rates for suicide have greatly reduced since 1990, but suicide remains an important contributor to mortality worldwide. Suicide mortality was variable across locations, between sexes, and between age groups. Suicide prevention strategies can be targeted towards vulnerable populations if they are informed by variations in mortality rates.
Short-term legacy effects of feedlot manure amendments on irrigated barley yield and soil macronutrient supply
Authors: Miller J.J. , Beasley B.W. , Bremer E. , Drury C.F. , Larney F.J. , Hao X. , Chanasyk D.S. 
Published: February 2019

Limited research exists on short-term legacy effects of land application of different feedlot manures on barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) yield and soil macronutrient (NO3-N, PO4-P, K, and SO4-S) supply. In a study conducted in southern Alberta, feedlot manures with straw (ST) or wood-chip (WD) bedding were either stockpiled or composted and applied annually to a clay loam soil at 13, 39, and 77 Mg ha−1dry wt. for 17 yr. Control treatments without any amendments or with inorganic fertilizer were included. In the second and third year (2016–2017) after discontinuing manure applications in 2014, barley silage yield and soil nutrient supply measured in situ with plant root simulator (PRS®) probes were determined. No significant (P > 0.05) treatment effects occurred on barley yield. Significant treatment effects occurred on soil nutrient supply, but these depended on date and interaction with other treatment factors. Manure rate generally increased soil nutrient supply. Soil NO3-N and PO4-P supply were 40%–59% lower for composted manure with ST than the other three manure type-bedding treatments, and they were 26%–53% greater for stockpiled than composted manure. This indicated variable manure type effects at different dates. At the two highest rates, soil K supply was 60%–106% greater for ST than WD bedding, and the reverse trend occurred where SO4-S supply was 40%–174% greater for WD than ST bedding. Overall, short-term legacy effects of feedlot manure type and bedding were more persistent on soil macronutrient supply than barley silage yield.