bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of a preclinical photon-counting CT prototype for pulmonary imaging
Authors: Kopp Felix K. , Daerr Heiner , Si-Mohamed Salim , Sauter Andreas P. , Ehn Sebastian , Fingerle Alexander A. , Brendel Bernhard , Pfeiffer Franz , Roessl Ewald , Rummeny Ernst J. , Pfeiffer Daniela , Proksa Roland , Douek Philippe , Noël Peter B. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate a preclinical spectral photon-counting CT (SPCCT) prototype compared to conventional CT for pulmonary imaging. A custom-made lung phantom, including nodules of different sizes and shapes, was scanned with a preclinical SPCCT and a conventional CT in standard and high-resolution (HR-CT) mode. Volume estimation was evaluated by linear regression. Shape similarity was evaluated with the Dice similarity coefficient. Spatial resolution was investigated via MTF for each imaging system. In-vivo rabbit lung images from the SPCCT system were subjectively reviewed. Evaluating the volume estimation, linear regression showed best results for the SPCCT compared to CT and HR-CT with a root mean squared error of 21.3 mm3, 28.5 mm3 and 26.4 mm3 for SPCCT, CT and HR-CT, respectively. The Dice similarity coefficient was superior for SPCCT throughout nodule shapes and all nodule sizes (mean, SPCCT: 0.90; CT: 0.85; HR-CT: 0.85). 10% MTF improved from 10.1 LP/cm for HR-CT to 21.7 LP/cm for SPCCT. Visual investigation of small pulmonary structures was superior for SPCCT in the animal study. In conclusion, the SPCCT prototype has the potential to improve the assessment of lung structures due to higher resolution compared to conventional CT.
Waveforms of molecular oscillations reveal circadian timekeeping mechanisms
Authors: Jo Hang-Hyun , Kim Yeon Jeong , Kim Jae Kyoung , Foo Mathias , Somers David E. , Kim Pan-Jun 
Published: November 2018

AbstractCircadian clocks play a pivotal role in orchestrating numerous physiological and developmental events. Waveform shapes of the oscillations of protein abundances can be informative about the underlying biochemical processes of circadian clocks. We derive a mathematical framework where waveforms do reveal hidden biochemical mechanisms of circadian timekeeping. We find that the cost of synthesizing proteins with particular waveforms can be substantially reduced by rhythmic protein half-lives over time, as supported by previous plant and mammalian data, as well as our own seedling experiment. We also find that previously enigmatic, cyclic expression of positive arm components within the mammalian and insect clocks allows both a broad range of peak time differences between protein waveforms and the symmetries of the waveforms about the peak times. Such various peak-time differences may facilitate tissue-specific or developmental stage-specific multicellular processes. Our waveform-guided approach can be extended to various biological oscillators, including cell-cycle and synthetic genetic oscillators.
High-resolution gridded soil moisture and soil temperature datasets for the Indian monsoon region
Authors: Nayak H. P. , Osuri K. K. , Sinha Palash , Nadimpalli Raghu , Mohanty U. C. , Chen Fei , Rajeevan M. , Niyogi D. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractHigh-resolution soil moisture/temperature (SM/ST) are critical components of the growing demand for fine-scale products over the Indian monsoon region (IMR) which has diverse land-surface characteristics. This demand is fueled by findings that improved representation of land-state help improve rainfall/flood prediction. Here we report on the development of a high-resolution (4 km and 3 hourly) SM/ST product for 2001–2014 during Indian monsoon seasons (June–September). First, the quality of atmospheric fields from five reanalysis sources was examined to identify realistic forcing to a land data assimilation system (LDAS). The evaluation of developed SM/ST against observations highlighted the importance of quality forcing fields. There is a significant relation between the forcing error and the errors in the SM/ST. A combination of forcing fields was used to develop 14-years of SM/ST data. This dataset captured inter-annual, intra-seasonal, and diurnal variations under different monsoon conditions. When the mesoscale model was initialized using the SM/ST data, improved simulations of heavy rain events was evident, demonstrating the value of the data over IMR.
Frequency beam‐scanning substrate integrated waveguide cavity‐backed wide slot antenna with wide‐scanning angle and bandwidth
Authors: Cao Yufan , Qian Zuping , Zhu Lei 
Published: November 2018

A novel frequency beam‐scanning substrate integrated waveguide cavity‐backed wide slot antenna with a wide‐scanning angle and bandwidth is investigated. The wide slot etched on the metal substrate is not only the radiating element but also part of the feeding network, which makes the whole structure very compact. The experiment indicates that the design principle is correct. The measured results show that the antenna achieves an enhanced operating bandwidth of about 27% with the gain from 10.12 to 16.25 dBi and the corresponding scanning angle is from 12° to across the band. Good accordance is obtained between the simulated and the measured results.
Magnetresonanztomografie der Sehbahn
Authors: Lützen Niklas , Urbach Horst 
Published: November 2018

ZusammenfassungDieser Übersichtsartikel ist speziell auf den praktisch arbeitenden Ophthalmologen zugeschnitten. Im Fokus soll der Umgang mit der Kernspintomografie im Allgemeinen und speziell in der Anwendung/Abklärung von Erkrankungen stehen, welche die Sehbahn beeinträchtigen. Übersichtlich geben mehrere Tabellen Auskunft über die Anwendung von verschiedenen MRT-Protokollen im Bereich der Sehbahn, Eigenschaften häufig angewendeter MRT-Sequenzen sowie häufige Krankheitsbilder in den jeweiligen Abschnitten der Sehbahn. Anhand einzelner ausgewählter Erkrankungen soll die Anwendung und Interpretation der MRT-Bildgebung exemplarisch dargestellt werden. Aufgrund der enormen Vielfalt an Erkrankungen, die Einfluss auf die Sehbahn haben können, kann und will dieser Artikel keinen Anspruch auf Vollständigkeit erheben, sondern vielmehr dem Leser die MRT im Bereich der Sehbahn näherbringen und praktische „Werkzeuge“ für den Alltag (in Form von Tabellen) an die Hand geben. Zudem wird aus aktuellem Anlass auf die laufende Diskussion (Gadolinium-Retention im Gehirn) über den Umgang mit Gadolinium eingegangen.
Intrinsic cellular chirality regulates left–right symmetry breaking during cardiac looping
Authors: Ray Poulomi , Chin Amanda S. , Worley Kathryn E. , Fan Jie , Kaur Gurleen , Wu Mingfu , Wan Leo Q. 
Published: November 2018

SignificanceCell chirality, or handedness of the cell, is a newly discovered, fundamental property of the cell, so far studied in cell culture only with micropatterning or graded biomaterial-based approaches. The relevance of intrinsic cell chirality on organ laterality is yet to be established. Cardiac looping is the first organ-specific left–right asymmetry evident during embryogenesis. Despite extensive insights into the molecular signals regulating cardiac left–right asymmetry, the biophysical mechanism is still unknown. Our findings establish intrinsic cell chirality as a regulator of cardiac laterality. This study combines an in vitro chirality assay with embryonic left–right asymmetry in vivo and will significantly impact the understanding and future studies of embryonic left–right asymmetry and congenital heart diseases.
Should a Dramatherapist Disclose their Sexual Orientation to their Clients? Perhaps they should be Prepared To
Authors: Sheppard Becky 
Published: November 2018

This article discusses the proposition that a therapist should be prepared to ‘come out’ and disclose their sexual orientation to a client, irrespective of how they identify. This enquiry has been shaped by the author's experience as a newly qualified dramatherapist, as a lesbian and as a new author. In the absence of existing dramatherapy literature on the topic of Therapist Self-Disclosure (TSD) and Therapist Self-Disclosure of Sexual Orientation (TSDSO), research has been drawn from publications across psychological literature. The article particularly focuses on the use of verbal and, to a lesser extent, non-verbal TSDSO with lesbian, gay or bisexual (LGB) therapists and/or clients. ‘Analytical snapshots’ from the author's clinical experience, as a final-year dramatherapy trainee, and from the author's personal experience will be presented and considered to further the discussion around preparedness for self-disclosure. The article supports the view that a dramatherapist should be prepared to disclose their sexual orientation to a client if required; and that becoming prepared would require the use of personal therapy, training, clinical supervision and awareness of the therapeutic relationship, as well as awareness of supporting literature.
‘Prove it’ Working with LBGTQ+ Asylum Seekers who Must Prove their Sexuality to Stay in the UK
Authors: Ward Jason 
Published: November 2018

As Great Britain reaches 50 years of LBGTQ+ legislation, making it illegal to persecute an individual based on their sexual identity, not everywhere in the world is so enlightened. In some parts of the world, the act of homosexuality is punishable by law, with people sentenced to incarceration or even death. For some people, trying to leave their country and claim asylum in another part of the world is the only way people can truly be themselves. This paper is based on the case studies of two male clients who are both waiting for an asylum decision, with both cases based on their sexuality, and the approach used in therapy sessions, specifically focusing on not only coming to terms with their own persecution, moving from shame of their own culture, but also working with frustration and the re-shaming effects of proving one's sexuality. The overall objective is to create an argument for Dramatherapy when working with complex trauma, shame and raising awareness of the lesser-known work of Dramatherapy and asylum seekers.
From Isolation towards Intimacy: Healing Emotional Wounds in HIV+ Gay Men
Authors: Campinho Valadas Ryan 
Published: November 2018

HIV is more than a virus affecting the immune system of millions of people. Its main modes of transmission – sex and intravenous drug use – have turned it into one of the most stigmatised health conditions, adding layers of shame and marginalisation to everyone who becomes infected. This paper is a presentation of aspects of the research I conducted for my MA thesis in 2015, wherein I explored intimacy in interpersonal relationships between HIV+ gay men. The research was conducted over 8 months, with 25 participants, in 4 different therapy groups, and used quantitative and qualitative methodologies. The paper will focus on the findings associated with a body and movement-based technique I developed, whose aim was, and is, to support gay men's experiences of emotional and intimate wellbeing, in the short and long-term aftermath of an HIV diagnosis. It will also include insights and observations gained through subsequent clinical experience in this field, particularly the idea that HIV may be therapeutically and emotionally perceived as a catalyst for change. I will demonstrate how dramatherapy was also a catalyst for healing and encouraging emotional intimacy in the participants’ relationships with each other, and themselves.
Do Neuropsychological Deficits Predict Anger Dysregulation in Adults with ADHD?
Authors: McDonagh Tracey , Travers Áine , Bramham Jessica 
Published: November 2018

Objective: To examine the relationship between anger and neuropsychological functioning in adults with ADHD. Method: Seventy adults with ADHD were assessed. Correlational and hierarchical multiple regression analyses were performed using neurocognitive tasks and subscales of the State Trait Anger Expression Inventory (STAXI)-trait anger, anger out, anger control, while controlling for anxiety and depression (HADS), and full-scale IQ (WASI). Selective, divided, and shifting attention were assessed using the Test of Everyday Attention (TEA) subscales. Sustained attention was measured using Continuous Performance Test (CPT) scores. Response inhibition was measured using scores from the CPT and Matching Familiar Figures test (MFFT). Results: Trait anger and anger out were both found to have a significant relationship to shifting attention (TEA - visual elevator task) and anxiety. Anger control was found to have a significant relationship to response inhibition (MFFT). Conclusion: Anger was significantly related to two measures of neuropsychological functioning, and anxiety. Shifting attention was more significantly associated with trait anger and anger out than response inhibition, which was significantly related to anger control. These findings have the potential to inform targeted interventions in forensic psychiatry and may have implications regarding which model of ADHD best accounts for anger dysregulation.
Omission of carbohydrate‐rich breakfast impairs evening 2000‐m rowing time trial performance
Authors: Cornford Elizabeth , Metcalfe Richard 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACTPurpose: The effect of breakfast omission on evening high‐intensity exercise performance has not previously been studied. Methods: In a randomised and counterbalanced cross‐over design, 10 competitive rowers (2 male, 8 female; mean ± SD: age 21 ± 2 y, height 176 ± 7 cm, weight 76 ± 12 kg, body fat 19.7 ± 6.8%) completed two trials (individualised carbohydrate‐rich breakfast (BT; 831 ± 67 kcal eaten before 09:00) and no‐breakfast (NBT; extended overnight fast until 12:00)). Following ad libitum afternoon food intake, participants completed a 2000‐m time‐trial on a rowing ergometer between 16:30 and 18:00. Appetite and energy intake were measured throughout the day, whilst power output, time, heart rate, blood lactate, blood glucose and RPE were assessed during the time trial. Results: Appetite ratings were higher throughout the morning in NBT compared with BT, but there were no differences in ratings in the afternoon. Energy intake at lunch was greater NBT compared with BT (1236 ± 594 vs 836 ± 303 kcal, p < .05), which partly compensated for breakfast omission, although overall energy intake tended to be lower in NBT compared with BT (1236 ± 594 vs 1589 ± 225 kcal, p = .08). The time taken to complete the 2000‐m time trial was greater in NBT compared with BT (469.2 ± 43.4 vs 465.7 ± 43.3 s; p < .05). No differences in heart rate, blood glucose and blood lactate responses were apparent, but overall RPE was higher in NBT compared with BT (17.8 ± 0.9 vs 16.7 ± 0.7 au, p < .05). Conclusion: The omission of a carbohydrate‐rich breakfast impaired evening performance during a 2000‐m rowing time trial. This finding has implications for optimising evening high‐intensity exercise performance.
Hearing loss in Menière’s disease and sensorineural low-frequency fluctuating hearing loss without vertigo
Authors: Albera Andrea , Canale Andrea , Dagna Federico , Gervasio Carmine Fernando , Albera Roberto 
Published: November 2018

Aims:
In previous decades Menière’s disease (MD) has been classified into four different categories: certain, definite, probable and possible. Recently, in the need to overcome critical issues in the diagnosis, the Bárány Society proposed new diagnostic criteria on MD excluding the certain and possible categories. Nevertheless, this updated classification raises the risk that many possible MD, namely isolated sensorineural low-frequency fluctuating hearing loss (SLFHL), would not be considered as precursors of definite MD. The aim of the present study is, therefore, to compare clinical aspects and evaluate differences between hearing loss in definite MD and in isolated SLFHL, which could be useful for clinical diagnostic and prognostic purposes.

Materials and methods:
A total of 662 patients suffering from definite MD (n = 447) and isolated SLFHL (n = 215) according to the 1995 American Academy of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery guidelines were retrospectively considered along a 5-year period. Pure-tone audiometry was performed on all patients.

Results:
A significantly higher incidence of bilateral pathology and longer duration of disease resulted in patients with definite MD. Differently, no significant differences were demonstrated between the groups either in terms of age at diagnosis or gender. The average 500–3000 Hz hearing threshold was significantly higher in definite MD in comparison with SLFHL.

Conclusions:
Results support the assumption of the difficulty to perform a differential diagnosis between definite MD and SLFHL and suggest the extent of hearing loss as the main diagnostic element in predicting the onset of vertigo, therefore an evolution to definite MD.
Directional allelic imbalance profiling and visualization from multi-sample data with RECUR
Authors: Jakubek Yasminka A , San Lucas F Anthony , Scheet Paul 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

Motivation
Genetic analysis of cancer regularly includes two or more samples from the same patient. Somatic copy number alterations leading to allelic imbalance (AI) play a critical role in cancer initiation and progression. Directional analysis and visualization of the alleles in imbalance in multi-sample settings allow for inference of recurrent mutations, providing insights into mutation rates, clonality and the genomic architecture and etiology of cancer.

Results
The REpeat Chromosomal changes Uncovered by Reflection (RECUR) is an R application for the comparative analysis of AI profiles derived from SNP array and next-generation sequencing data. The algorithm accepts genotype calls and ‘B allele’ frequencies (BAFs) from at least two samples derived from the same individual. For a predefined set of genomic regions with AI, RECUR compares BAF values among samples. In the presence of AI, the expected value of a BAF can shift in two possible directions, reflecting an increased or decreased abundance of the maternal haplotype, relative to the paternal. The phenomenon of opposite haplotype shifts, or ‘mirrored subclonal allelic imbalance’, is a form of heterogeneity, and has been linked to clinico-pathological features of cancer. RECUR detects such genomic segments of opposite haplotypes in imbalance and plots BAF values for all samples, using a two-color scheme for intuitive visualization.

Availability and implementation
RECUR is available as an R application. Source code and documentation are available at scheet.org.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
TAIJI: approaching experimental replicates-level accuracy for drug synergy prediction
Authors: Li Hongyang , Hu Shuai , Neamati Nouri , Guan Yuanfang 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

Motivation
Combination therapy is widely used in cancer treatment to overcome drug resistance. High-throughput drug screening is the standard approach to study the drug combination effects, yet it becomes impractical when the number of drugs under consideration is large. Therefore, accurate and fast computational tools for predicting drug synergistic effects are needed to guide experimental design for developing candidate drug pairs.

Results
Here, we present TAIJI, a high-performance software for fast and accurate prediction of drug synergism. It is based on the winning algorithm in the AstraZeneca-Sanger Drug Combination Prediction DREAM Challenge, which is a unique platform to unbiasedly evaluate the performance of current state-of-the-art methods, and includes 160 team-based submission methods. When tested across a broad spectrum of 85 different cancer cell lines and 1089 drug combinations, TAIJI achieved a high prediction correlation (0.53), approaching the accuracy level of experimental replicates (0.56). The runtime is at the scale of minutes to achieve this state-of-the-field performance.

Availability and implementation
TAIJI is freely available on GitHub (https://github.com/GuanLab/TAIJI). It is functional with built-in Perl and Python.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Impact of H1N1 Influenza Vaccination on Child Morbidity in Guinea-Bissau
Authors: Hansen Olga Bengård , Rodrigues Amabelia , Martins Cesario , Rieckmann Andreas , Benn Christine Stabell , Aaby Peter , Fisker Ane Bærent 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBackgroundIn addition to vaccines’ specific effects, vaccines may have non-specific effects (NSEs) altering the susceptibility to unrelated infections. Non-live vaccines have been associated with negative NSEs. In 2010, a campaign with the non-live H1N1-influenza vaccine targeted children 6–59 months in Guinea-Bissau.MethodsBandim Health Project runs a health and demographic surveillance system site in Guinea-Bissau. Using a Cox proportional hazards model, we compared all-cause consultation rates after vs. before the campaign, stratified by participation status.ResultsAmong 10 290 children eligible for the campaign, 60% had participated, 18% had not and for 22% no information was obtained. After the H1N1 campaign, the consultation rates tended to decline less for participants [HR = 0.80 (95% confidence interval, CI: 0.75; 0.85)] than for non-participants [HR = 0.68 (95% CI: 0.58; 0.79)], p = 0.06 for same effect.ConclusionThe decline in the vaccinated group may have been smaller than the decline in the non-vaccinated group consistent with H1N1-vaccine increasing susceptibility to unrelated infections.
Topical cream with live lactobacilli modulates the skin microbiome and reduce acne symptoms
Authors: Lebeer Sarah , Oerlemans Eline , Claes Ingmar , Wuyts Sander , Henkens Tim , Spacova Irina , van den Broek Marianne , Tuyaerts Ines , Wittouck Stijn , De Boeck Ilke , Allonsius Camille N. , Kiekens Filip , Lambert Julien 
Published: November 2018

SummaryThe skin is home to an important part of our commensal microbiota, despite it being a cool, acidic and desiccated environment. Tailored microbiome modulation approaches with, for example probiotics, are highly challenging for this body site. Here we show by next-generating sequencing that Lactobacillus taxa -especially those known to be dominant in the human vagina- are underestimated members of the skin microbiota. Specific Lactobacillus strains were selected in the lab and formulated in a viable form in an oil in water-based topical cream. Facial application by patients with mild-to-moderate acne symptoms was able to reduce inflammatory lesions and comedone formation. This was associated with a temporary modulation of the skin microbiome, including a reduction in relative abundance of staphylococci and an increase in lactobacilli. Skin microbiome modulation by addition of carefully formulated lactobacilli seems to be new therapeutic option to reduce antibiotic use for common acne symptoms.