bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mitigation of chemotherapy-induced experimental intestinal mucositis through postbiotic lactate
Authors: Matos Isabel David , Borges Amanda Dias , Trindade Luísa Martins , Andrade Maria Emília Rabelo , Cavalcante Gregório Grama , Leocádio Paola Caroline Lacerda , Alvarez-Leite Jacqueline Isaura , Cassali Geovanni Dantas , Costa Bruno Galotti , Martins Flaviano dos Santos , Cardoso Valbert Nascimento , Generoso Simone de Vasconcelos 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Postbiotic lactate modulates the immune system in inflammatory bowel diseases. However, its role in experimental intestinal mucositis (IM) has not been elucidated. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of lactate supplementation (1 and 2 × 10−1 mol/l) in a 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-induced IM model. Male BALB/c mice (6–8 weeks old) were randomly divided into four groups: control (CTL), mucositis (MUC), mucositis with 1 × 10−1 mol/l lactate solution (MUC10), and mucositis with 2 × 10−1 mol/l lactate solution (MUC200). Lactate was administered via oral gavage for 10 days. Following the treatment period, the animals were subjected to an intraperitoneal injection of 300 mg/kg 5-FU to induce IM and were euthanized 72 h later for analysis. The MUC group presented intestinal damage with a poor histological score and decreased morphometric parameters as well as decreased mucus production and increased inflammatory infiltration and intestinal permeability compared to those of the CTL group (P &lt; .05). However, the MUC200 group exhibited better results for the evaluated parameters than the MUC group (P &lt; .05). Notably, the results in the MUC10 group were similar to those in the MUC group (P &gt; .05). In conclusion, lactate supplementation attenuates mucositis-induced damage in a dose-dependent manner.
The VST ATLAS Quasar Survey – III. Halo mass function via quasar clustering and quasar-CMB lensing cross-clustering
Authors: Eltvedt Alice M , Shanks T , Metcalfe N , Ansarinejad B , Barrientos L F , Murphy D N A , Alexander D M 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT
We exploit the VST ATLAS quasar (QSO) catalogue to perform three measurements of the quasar halo mass profile. First, we make a new estimate of the angular autocorrelation function of ≈230 000 ATLAS quasars with $z_{\rm photo}\lesssim 2.5$ and $17 &lt; g &lt; 22$. By comparing with the $\Lambda$CDM mass clustering correlation function, we measure the quasar bias to be $b_{\rm Q}\approx 2.1$, implying a quasar halo mass of $M_{\rm halo} \approx 8.5\times 10^{11}\,h^{-1}\,{\rm M}_\odot$. Second, we cross-correlate these $z\approx 1.7$ ATLAS quasars with the Planck cosmic microwave background (CMB) lensing maps, detecting a somewhat stronger signal at $4\,{\rm arcmin} &lt; \theta &lt; 60\,{\rm arcmin}$ than previous authors. Scaling these authors’ model fit to our data, we estimate a quasar host halo mass of $M_{\rm halo}\approx 8.3\times 10^{11}\,h^{-1}\,{\rm M}_\odot$. Third, we fit halo occupation sistribution (HOD) model parameters to our quasar autocorrelation function and from the derived halo mass function, we estimate a quasar halo mass of $M_{\rm halo}\approx 2.5\times 10^{12}\,h^{-1}\,{\rm M}_\odot$. We then compare our HOD model prediction to our quasar-CMB lensing result, confirming their consistency. We find that most (≈2/3) QSOs have halo masses within a factor of ≈3 of this average mass. An analysis based on the probability of X-ray detections of AGN in galaxies and the galaxy stellar mass function gives a similarly small mass range. Finally, we compare the quasar halo mass and luminosity functions and suggest that gravitational growth may produce the constant space density with redshift seen in the quasar luminosity function.
Power spectrum multipoles and clustering wedges during the epoch of reionization
Authors: Chen Zhaoting , Pourtsidou Alkistis 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT
We study the viability of using power spectrum clustering wedges as summary statistics of 21 cm surveys during the epoch of reionization (EoR). For observations in a wide redshift range $z\sim 7{\!-\!}9$ corresponding to a line-of-sight scale of $\sim 500\,$ Mpc, the power spectrum is subject to anisotropic effects due to the evolution along the light of sight. Information on the physics of reionization can be extracted from the anisotropy using the power spectrum multipoles. Signals of the power spectrum monopole are highly correlated at scales smaller than the typical ionization bubble, which can be disentangled by including higher-order multipoles. By simulating observations of the low-frequency part of the Square Kilometre Array (SKA) Observatory, we find that the sampling of the cylindrical wavenumber $\boldsymbol {k}$-space is highly non-uniform due to the baseline distribution, i.e. the distribution of antenna pairs sampling different transverse $\boldsymbol {k}_\perp$ scales. Measurements in clustering wedges partition the cylindrical $\boldsymbol {k}$-space into different radial $k_\parallel$ scales, and can be used for isolating parts of $\boldsymbol {k}$-space with relatively uniform sampling, allowing for more precise parameter inference. Using Fisher Matrix forecasts, we find that the reionization model can be inferred with per cent level precision with $\sim 120$ h of integration time using SKA-Low. Compared to model inference using only the power spectrum monopole above the foreground wedge, model inference using multipole power spectra in clustering wedges yields a factor of $\sim 3$ improvement on the marginalized 1D parameter constraints.
Measurements of the thermal and ionization state of the intergalactic medium during the cosmic afternoon
Authors: Hu Teng , Khaire Vikram , Hennawi Joseph F , Tripp Todd M , Oñorbe Jose , Walther Michael , Lukić Zarija 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT
We perform the first measurement of the thermal and ionization state of the intergalactic medium (IGM) across $0.9 \lt z \lt 1.5$ using 301 Ly $\,\alpha$ absorption lines fitted from 12 archival Hubble Space Telescope Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph quasar spectra. We employ the machine-learning-based inference method that uses joint Doppler parameter–column density ($b{-}N_{{\rm {H\,{\small I}}}{}}$) distributions obtained from Ly$\,\alpha$ forest decomposition. Our results show that the H i photoionization rates, $\Gamma _{{\rm {H\,{\small I}}}{}}$, agree with recent ultraviolet background synthesis models, with $\log (\Gamma _{{\rm{H\,{\small I}}}}/\text{s}^{-1})={-11.79}^{+0.18}_{-0.15}$, ${-11.98}^{+0.09}_{-0.09}$, and ${-12.32}^{+0.10}_{-0.12}$ at $z=1.4$, 1.2, and 1, respectively. We obtain the IGM temperature at the mean density, $T_0$, and the adiabatic index, $\gamma$, as $[\log (T_0/\text{K}), \gamma ]=$ [${4.13}^{+0.12}_{-0.10}$, ${1.34}^{+0.10}_{-0.15}$], $[{3.79}^{+0.11}_{-0.11}$, ${1.70}^{+0.09}_{-0.09}]$, and $[{4.12}^{+0.15}_{-0.25}$, ${1.34}^{+0.21}_{-0.26}]$ at $z=1.4$, 1.2, and 1. Our measurements of $T_0$ at $z=1.4$ and 1.2 are consistent with the trend predicted from previous $z\lt 3$ temperature measurements and theoretical expectations, where the IGM cools down after He ii reionization in the absence of any non-standard heating. However, our $T_0$ measurement at $z=1$ shows unexpectedly high IGM temperature. Given the relatively large uncertainty in these measurements, where $\sigma _{T_0} \sim 5000$ K, mostly emanating from the limited size of our data set, we cannot conclude whether the IGM cools down as expected. Lastly, we generate mock data sets to test the constraining power of future measurement with larger data sets. The results demonstrate that, with redshift path-length $\Delta z \sim 2$ for each redshift bin, three times the current data set, we can constrain the $T_0$ of IGM within 1500 K, which would be sufficient to constrain the IGM thermal history at $z \lt 1.5$ conclusively.
Semi-supervised spectral classification of DESI white dwarfs by dimensionality reduction
Authors: Byrne Xander , Bonsor Amy , Rogers Laura K , Manser Christopher J 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT
As a new generation of large-sky spectroscopic surveys comes online, the enormous data volume poses unprecedented challenges in classifying spectra. Modern unsupervised techniques have the power to group spectra based on their dominant features, circumventing the complete reliance on training data suffered by supervised methods. We outline the use of dimensionality reduction to generate a two-dimensional map of the structure of an intermediate-resolution spectroscopic data set. This technique efficiently separates white dwarfs of different spectral classes in the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument’s Early Data Release (DESI EDR), identifying spectral features that had been missed even by visual classification. By focusing the method on particular spectral regions, we identify white dwarfs with helium features at 90 per cent recall, and cataclysmic variables at 100 per cent recall, illustrating rapid selection of low-contamination samples from spectroscopic surveys. We also demonstrate the use of dimensionality reduction in a supervised manner, outlining a procedure to classify any white dwarf spectrum in comparison with those in the DESI EDR. With upcoming surveys promising tens of millions of spectra, our work highlights the potential for semisupervised techniques as an efficient means of classification and data set visualization.
The variability structure function of the highest luminosity quasars on short time-scales
Authors: Tang Ji-Jia , Wolf Christian , Tonry John 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT
The stochastic photometric variability of quasars is known to follow a random-walk phenomenology on emission time-scales of months to years. Some high-cadence rest-frame optical monitoring in the past has hinted at a suppression of variability amplitudes on shorter time-scales of a few days or weeks, opening the question of what drives the suppression and how it might scale with quasar properties. Here, we study a few thousand of the highest luminosity quasars in the sky, mostly in the luminosity range of $L_{\rm bol}$$=[46.4, 47.3]$ and redshift range of $z=[0.7, 2.4]$. We use a data set from the NASA/Asteroid Terrestrial-impact Last Alert System facility with nightly cadence, weather permitting, which has been used before to quantify strong regularity in longer term rest-frame-UV variability. As we focus on a careful treatment of short time-scales across the sample, we find that a linear function is sufficient to describe the UV variability structure function. Although the result can not rule out the existence of breaks in some groups completely, a simpler model is usually favoured under this circumstance. In conclusion, the data are consistent with a single-slope random walk across rest-frame time-scales of $\Delta t=[10, 250]$ d.
Accurate proper motions of the protostellar binary system L 1551 IRS 5
Authors: Hernández Garnica Ricardo , Loinard Laurent , Duran Aurora , Ordóñez-Toro Jazmín , Chandler Claire J , Dzib Sergio A , Cuello Nicolás , Ménard François , Maureira María José , Bianchi Eleonora , Cruz-Sáenz de Miera Fernando , Carrasco-González Carlos , Rodríguez Luis F , Torres Rosa M , Raga Alejandro C , Lim Jeremy , Feeney-Johansson Anton 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT
We present an extensive astrometric study of the protostellar binary system L 1551 IRS 5, utilizing nearly four decades of interferometric observations obtained between 1983 and 2022 with the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA) and the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA). We focus on observations with sufficient angular resolution to separate the two protostars (L 1551 IRS 5 N and S) in the system and derive accurate absolute proper motions for the two sources, as well as the relative proper motion between them. The absolute proper motion is dominated by the solar motion with only a modest contribution from L 1551 IRS 5’s peculiar velocity, as expected for a young stellar object. The relative proper motions enable us to constrain the orbit and derive a total mass of $0.96\pm 0.17$ M$_\odot$ for the system. While the emission of both sources at wavelengths shorter than about 1.3 cm is compact, the emission at longer wavelengths ($\lambda \gtrsim 2$ cm) is often affected by a free–free contribution from nearby shock features. The results presented here demonstrate that, when appropriate care is taken to combine the observations, interferometric data collected with different facilities, at different frequencies, and with different gain calibrators can be combined to obtain accurate astrometry. Observations of L 1551 IRS 5 over the next several decades with the VLA, ALMA, and eventually the ngVLA and SKA ought to improve its dynamical mass measurement down to an accuracy of a few per cent. Similar observations of other young multiple systems have the unique potential to provide dynamical mass estimates for the youngest known stellar objects.
Testing the framework of the halo occupation distribution with assembly bias modelling and empirical extensions
Authors: Zhai Zhongxu , Percival Will J 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT
We investigate theoretical systematics caused by the application of the halo occupation distribution (HOD) to the study of galaxy clustering at non-linear scales. To do this, we repeat recent cosmological analyses using extended HOD models based on both the Aemulus and Aemulus $\nu$ simulation suites, allowing for variations in the dark matter halo shape, incompleteness, baryonic effects, and position bias of central galaxies. We fit to the galaxy correlation function including the projected correlation function, redshift-space monopole and quadrupole, and consider how the changes in HOD affect the retrieval of cosmological information. These extensions can be understood as an evaluation of the impact of the secondary bias in the clustering analysis. In the application of BOSS (Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey) galaxies, these changes do not have a significant impact on the measured linear growth rate. However, we do find weak to mild evidence for some of the effects modelled by the empirical parametrizations adopted. The modelling is able to make the HOD approach more complete in terms of cosmological constraints. We anticipate that the future and better data can provide tighter constraints on the new prescriptions of the HOD model.
Noncanonical microglial IL-1β maturation in chronic kidney disease
Authors: Zimmermann Silke , Mathew Akash , Bondareva Olga , Elwakiel Ahmed , Jiang Shihai , Rana Rajiv , Bechmann Ingo , Goldschmidt Jürgen , Klöting Nora , Sheikh Bilal N , Isermann Berend 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Background
Organ transplantation reverses cognitive impairment in chronic kidney disease (CKD), indicating that cognitive impairment driven by CKD is therapeutically amendable. We recently demonstrated that impaired cognition in CKD is linked to interleukin-1β (IL-1β) release from microglia and IL-1 receptor type 1 signalling in neuronal cells, thereby identifying a signalling pathway that can be exploited therapeutically. However, the mechanism of IL-1β maturation in microglia in CKD remains unknown. We hypothesized that microglia cells require caspase-1 for CKD-driven cognitive impairment.

Methods
We used a combination of single-cell analyses, in situ analyses, genetically modified mouse models (including newly generated Cre-LoxP mouse models) and in vitro models. The current study builds on a recently identified intercellular cross-talk between microglia and neurons that impairs cognition in CKD.

Results
Here we show that despite NLRP3 inflammasome activation in the brain and protection of mice with constitutive NLRP3 deficiency from CKD-induced cognitive impairment, caspase-1 is not required for IL-1β maturation in microglia and targeted caspase-1 deficiency in microglia does not improve cognition in CKD mice. These data indicate that IL-1β maturation in microglia is independent of the NLRP3–caspase-1 interaction in CKD. Indeed, microglia activation in CKD induces noncanonical, cathepsin C–caspase-8–mediated IL-1β maturation. Depletion of cathepsin C or caspase-8 blocks IL-1β maturation in microglia. Preliminary analyses suggest that noncanonical microglia IL-1β maturation occurs also in diabetes mellitus.

Conclusion
These results identify a noncanonical IL-1β-maturation pathway as a potential therapeutic target to combat microglia-induced neuronal dysfunction in CKD and possibly other peripheral diseases.
In-situ understanding on the formation of fibrillar morphology in green solvent processed all-polymer solar cells
Authors: Ma Ruijie , Li Hongxiang , Dela Peña Top Archie , Wang Heng , Yan Cenqi , Cheng Pei , Wu Jiaying , Li Gang 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT
Solid additive engineering has been intensively explored on morphology tuning for highly efficient all-polymer solar cells (all-PSCs), a promising photovoltaic technology towards multi-scenario application. Although the nano-fibrillar network of the active layer induced by additive treatment is confirmed as the key factor for power conversion efficiency (PCE) of all-PSCs, its formation mechanism is not clearly revealed, for lack of precise and convincing real-time observation of crystallization and phase separation during the liquid-to-solid transition process of spin-coating. Herein we report an in-situ grazing incidence wide-angle/small-angle X-ray scattering (GIWAXS/GISAXS) screening that reveals the fact that naphthalene derived solid additives can suppress the aggregation of the polymer acceptor (PY-IT) at the beginning stage of spin coating, which provides sufficient time and space for the polymer donor (PM6) to form the fibril structure. Moreover, guided by this knowledge, a ternary all-polymer system is proposed, which achieves cutting-edge level PCEs for both small-area (0.04 cm2) (also decent operational stability) and large-area (1 cm2) devices.
The Effect of Black Chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa) on Human Inflammation Biomarkers and Antioxidant Enzymes: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Sarıkaya Buse , Kolay Ezgi , Guney-Coskun Merve , Yiğit- Ziolkowski Aslı , Aktaç Şule 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Context
Consuming antioxidant-rich foods has been associated with potential benefits in managing chronic diseases by reducing oxidative stress and inflammation.

Objective
This systematic review aimed to evaluate the effects of Aronia melanocarpa (aronia berry or chokeberry) on human inflammation biomarkers and antioxidant enzymes.

Data Sources
A systematic search was conducted across multiple databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, and Web of Science, to identify relevant studies investigating the potential effects of aronia on human inflammation biomarkers and antioxidant enzymes between April 2022 and November 2023.

Data Extraction
The selection of studies followed the PRISMA guidelines, data screening was conducted by 4 independent reviewers, and data extraction and risk-of-bias assessments were performed by 2 independent reviewers using the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 tool.

Data Analysis
A total of 1986 studies were screened, and 18 studies that met the inclusion criteria were included in a systematic review that investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of aronia on various health parameters. These studies primarily focused on the effects of aronia on cardiometabolic diseases, performance in sport, and other health parameters.

Conclusions
This study examined the effects of Aronia intervention on human health outcomes using aronia juice, extract, or oven-dried powder for a period of 4 to 13 weeks. The primary health parameters considered were C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-8 (IL-8), interleukin-10 (IL-10), interleukin-1ß (IL-1ß), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and reduced glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px). The results showed that aronia had a beneficial effect on several inflammatory cytokines, including reductions in CRP, TNF-α and IL-6 concentrations, as well as elevated IL-10 levels. Moreover, positive changes have been observed in antioxidant enzyme systems, including; elevated SOD, GSH-Px and CAT activity. The findings of the presented studies provide evidence that Aronia melanocarpa may have beneficial effects on inflammatory markers.

Systematic Review Registration
PROSPERO registration No. CRD42022325633.
Techno-economic assessment of hydrogen production in Ghana through PV electrolysis and biomass gasification
Authors: Tanyi Robinson J , Mensah Lena D , Ntiamoah Augustine , Quansah David A , Adaramola Muyiwa S 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The potential to develop a green hydrogen market in Ghana is assessed in this paper. The focus is on biomass gasification and photovoltaic-driven water electrolysis. Using the H2A-Lite model, the technical, economic, and environmental aspects of these technologies are assessed for both current (2023) and future (2040) scenarios. In the current scenario, distributed and centralized Polymer Electrolyte Membrane (PEM) electrolysis gave levelized costs of $5.56/kg and $4.35/kg for hydrogen respectively, while centralized biomass gasification yields the cheapest hydrogen cost at $2.68/kg. The high cost of solar PEM electrolysis is linked to expensive electricity and solar PV, but also to compression, storage, and dispensing costs for distributed systems. By year 2040, a general cost reduction is expected due to cheaper renewable energy and increased efficiency. However, these production methods still face competition from more economical conventional steam methane reforming (SMR) processes having a levelized cost of less than $2/kg H2. The study concludes that a hydrogen development strategy and roadmap for Ghana will be crucial to proceed with hydrogen, setting deployment targets, and engaging stakeholders in promoting the use of hydrogen as an energy carrier while creating new economic opportunities and achieving climate objectives.
The Global Law in the Context of Politics, Ethics, Justice
Authors: Capaldo Giuliana Ziccardi 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The General Editor, Professor Emeritus Giuliana Ziccardi Capaldo, shares nothing short of a major makeover in her Editorial to the 2023 edition of the Global Community Yearbook of International Law and Jurisprudence (Yearbook, or GCYILJ). True to tradition, Ziccardi Capaldo announces a continuation of the general editorial scope of the publication: its commitment to monitoring international jurisprudence with a specific view to the transition to a global constitutional order and governance. However, one of the previous hallmarks—Legal Maxims—has been replaced, as a logical consequence of the ever-burgeoning international case-law. In her account of the alternative editorial angle, it nevertheless becomes evident that the core of the spirit in which Ziccardi Capaldo founded the Yearbook will be maintained, if not strengthened: the GCYILJ’s “global constitutionalism approach.” In particular, changes include a substantial expansion of the number of courts covered, a section on “Surveys” related to their activity, and increased attention to “Global Law” in the context of “Politics” and “Justice” and, with this, “Ethics.” The cutting-edge research of a slate of eminent experts was selected to express exactly how various sections contribute to the ongoing discourse.
ECOWAS Intervention in Niger
Authors: Amponsah-Mensah Afia A. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The possibility of the use of force by ECOWAS in Niger to restore the constitutionally elected government to power after its overthrow by the military raises a number of questions about the legality of intervention by a regional organization in the domestic affairs of a sovereign member state. Accepted principles of international law render prohibit the use of force against a state unless authorized by the UN Security Council; however, there is some evidence that a regional organization can act without prior UN approval to restore an elected government to power.