bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The mlpt/Ubr3/Svb module comprises an ancient developmental switch for embryonic patterning
Authors: Ray Suparna , Rosenberg Miriam I , Chanut-Delalande Hélène , Decaras Amélie , Schwertner Barbara , Toubiana William , Auman Tzach , Schnellhammer Irene , Teuscher Matthias , Valenti Philippe , Khila Abderrahman , Klingler Martin , Payre François 
Published: March 2019

Small open reading frames (smORFs) encoding ‘micropeptides’ exhibit remarkable evolutionary complexity. Conserved peptides encoded by mille-pattes (mlpt)/polished rice (pri)/tarsal less (tal) are essential for embryo segmentation in Tribolium but, in Drosophila, function in terminal epidermal differentiation and patterning of adult legs. Here, we show that a molecular complex identified in Drosophila epidermal differentiation, comprising Mlpt peptides, ubiquitin-ligase Ubr3 and transcription factor Shavenbaby (Svb), represents an ancient developmental module required for early insect embryo patterning. We find that loss of segmentation function for this module in flies evolved concomitantly with restriction of Svb expression in early Drosophila embryos. Consistent with this observation, artificially restoring early Svb expression in flies causes segmentation defects that depend on mlpt function, demonstrating enduring potency of an ancestral developmental switch despite evolving embryonic patterning modes. These results highlight the evolutionary plasticity of conserved molecular complexes under the constraints of essential genetic networks.Editorial note: This article has been through an editorial process in which the authors decide how to respond to the issues raised during peer review. The Reviewing Editor's assessment is that all the issues have been addressed (<xref ref-type="decision-letter" rid="SA1">see decision letter</xref>).
Sea stars of the genus Henricia Gray, 1840 (Echinodermata, Asteroidea) from Vostok Bay, Sea of Japan
Authors: Chichvarkhin Anton , Chichvarkhina Olga , Wakita Daiki 
Published: March 2019

We report seven species of the genus Henricia Gray, 1840 that were found in Vostok Bay, and two species from adjacent area, known from museum collection or seen in underwater footage. while existing literature reported no confirmed species from this area. Most of these species: H. djakonovi, H. alexeyi, H. densispina, H. hayashii, H. granulifera, H. pacifica, H. asiatica, and H. oculata robusta were reported from the Sea of Japan previously. H. nipponica, known from Japan, is reported from Russian seas for the first time. All studied taxa are re-described here using a range of morphological characters and partial 16S rRNA nucleotide sequences, life colorations of several species are reported for the first time, and an identification key is provided. Lectotype designations are fixed for studied series of species described by AM Djakonov.
Possibility of lung cancer risk in indium-exposed workers: An 11-year multicenter cohort study
Authors: Nakano Makiko , Omae Kazuyuki , Tanaka Akiyo , Hirata Miyuki 
Published: March 2019

Abstract

Background
We established a causal relationship between indium exposure and lung interstitial and emphysematous effects. Lung cancer has been clearly demonstrated in rats and mice exposed to indium phosphide and in rats exposed to indium tin oxide. However, no information is available on human indium-related lung cancer.

Methods
The baseline studies were conducted on 381 indium-exposed and 150 referent workers in 11 factories from 2003 to 2006. Items examined included indium concentration in serum (In-S), occupational history, Krebs von den Lungen-6 (KL-6), chest high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT), medical history, smoking habits, and subjective symptoms. Subjects received follow-up health checkups, and a total of 220 indium-exposed and 26 nonexposed workers were examined at least once with chest HRCT from 2013 to 2018.

Results
Four lung cancer cases were identified only in indium-exposed workers. Two were prevalent cases and two were incident cases. The averages (range) of age (years), exposure duration (years), In-S (μg/L), and KL-6 (U/mL) at the baseline survey were 58 (50–74), 1.7 (0.3–4.8), 3.1 (0.3–9.7), and 663 (414–942). The mean (range) latency from initial indium exposure was 5.3 (0.4–11) years. The HRCT findings in two incident cases were mild interstitial/emphysematous change and mild interstitial change. The standardized incidence ratio (SIR) of the incident cases was 1.89 (95%CI 0.52–6.88).

Conclusions
Although the SIR was not statistically significant, there was an undeniable possibility of indium-related lung cancer due to the short follow-up duration being insufficient to disclose lung cancer and the small number of lung cancer cases. Further follow-up is necessary.
Photo‐reducible plastoquinone pools in chloroplasts of Tradescentia plants acclimated to high and low light
Authors: Suslichenko Igor S. , Tikhonov Alexander N. 
Published: March 2019

In photosynthetic systems of oxygenic type, plastoquinone (PQ) molecules are reduced by photosystem II (PSII). The turnover of PQ determines the rate of PSII operation. PQ molecules are present in surplus with respect to PSII. In this work, using the pulse amplitude modulation‐fluorometry technique, we quantified photo‐reducible PQ pools in chloroplasts of two contrasting ecotypes of Tradescantia, acclimated either to low light (~ 100 μmol photons·m−2·s−1, LL) or to high light (~ 1000 μmol photons·m−2·s−1, HL). The LL‐grown plants are characterized by higher capacity of rapidly reducible PQ pool ([PQ]0/[PSII] ≈ 8) as compared to HL‐grown plants of both species ([PQ]0/[PSII] ≈ 4). The elevated content of PQ in LL plants favours photosynthetic electron flow at low‐solar irradiance.
Catalytic Asymmetric Cyanation Reactions of Aldehydes and Ketones in Total Synthesis
Authors: Zeng Xing‐Ping , Sun Jun‐Chao , Liu Chao , Ji Cong‐Bin , Peng Yi‐Yuan 
Published: March 2019

AbstractCatalytic asymmetric cyanation reactions of aldehydes and ketones provide efficient routes for the synthesis of optically active cyanohydrins, which are versatile synthons for the preparation of natural products and chemical pharmaceuticals. This review aims to provide a summary of recent achievements concerning catalytic enantioselective cyanation reactions of aldehydes and ketones employed in the total syntheses of various natural products, drugs, and pharmaceutically active compounds.magnified image
Efficient Access to Chiral β‐Borylated Carboxylic Esters via Rh‐Catalyzed Hydrogenation
Authors: Liu Gang , Li Anqi , Qin Xueyuan , Han Zhengyu , Dong Xiu‐Qin , Zhang Xumu 
Published: March 2019

AbstractRh/bisphosphine−thiourea ligand (ZhaoPhos)‐catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation of (Z)‐β‐substituted‐β‐boryl‐α,β‐unsaturated esters was successfully developed, furnishing a variety of chiral β‐borylated carboxylic esters with high yields and excellent enantioselectivities (up to 99% yield and >99% ee). The gram‐scale asymmetric hydrogenation was performed efficiently in the presence of only 0.05 mol% (S/C=2 000) catalyst loading with full conversion, 99% yield and 99% ee. Moreover, the hydrogenation product was easily converted to other versatile synthetic intermediates, such as methyl (S)‐3‐hydroxy‐3‐phenylpropanoate and methyl (S)‐3‐(furan‐2‐yl)‐3‐phenylpropanoate.magnified image
Synthetic, Supramolecular, and Self‐Adjuvanting CD8+ T‐Cell Epitope Vaccine Increases the Therapeutic Antitumor Immunity
Authors: Yang Pengxiang , Song Huijuan , Feng Zujian , Wang Changrong , Huang Pingsheng , Zhang Chuangnian , Kong Deling , Wang Weiwei 
Published: March 2019

AbstractPeptide vaccines are used in clinical cancer immunotherapy, however, they generally suffer from suboptimal immunogenicity compared to live or inactive virus vector vaccines or subunit proteins, leading to limited T‐cell immune responses on their own. Here, a synthetic, supramolecular, and self‐adjuvanting CD8+ T‐cell epitope vaccine assembled by the peptide amphiphile conjugated with an epitope derived from tyrosinase‐related protein 2 is described. It is found that the obtained hydrogel vaccine on its own stimulates the activation of dendritic cells and elicits comparable therapeutic antitumor efficiency, but a clearly stronger endogenous CD8+ T‐cell response, compared with the vaccine comprised of peptide, adjuvant and delivery system, which is commonly used in clinic. In addition, combining this novel epitope vaccine with anti‐programmed cell death protein 1 (anti‐PD‐1) therapy significantly improves the therapeutic efficiency against melanoma. The supramolecular assembly approach and the self‐assembling peptide should undoubtedly enable a wide range of T‐cell epitope vaccines without the additional use of adjuvant and delivery system, and also provide new possibilities for therapeutic peptide delivery for cancer immunotherapy.
Are Extreme Anatomical Modifications Required for Fish to Move Effectively on Land? Comparative Anatomy of the Posterior Axial Skeleton in the Cyprinodontiformes
Authors: Minicozzi Michael , Kimball Daniel , Finden Alex , Friedman Sarah , Gibb Alice C. 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACTMany teleost fishes with no apparent modifications for life on land are able to produce effective terrestrial locomotor behaviors, including a ballistic behavior called the “tail‐flip” jump. Cyprinodontiformes (killifishes, Teleostei: Atherinomorpha) that live at the water's edge vary in morphology and inclination to emerge onto land. Do fish with an amphibious predisposition have extensive modification of the propulsive region of the body when compared to fully aquatic relatives? We quantified body shape and anatomy of the caudal peduncle and tail (the propulsive organ on land and in water) in 11 cyprinodontiform species and two outgroup taxa (Atherinomorpha). We hypothesized that amphibious species would have longer, “shallower” bodies (larger body fineness ratios), deeper (proportionally larger) caudal peduncles, and more robust bones in the tail fin (larger ossified area of the hypural/epural bones) to facilitate locomotor movements on land. We found no evidence of convergence in body shape or skeletal anatomy among species known to make voluntary sojourns onto land. In fact, deep‐bodied species, shallow‐bodied species, and species with intermediate morphologies all are able to emerge from the water and move on land. It is possible that there are as‐yet‐undocumented subtle soft‐tissue (muscle, tendon, and ligament) modifications that enhance terrestrial locomotor performance in species known to spend large periods of time on land. However, it is also possible that extreme anatomical changes are not required for aquatic cyprinodontiform species to produce effective locomotor movements when they emerge out of the water and move across the land. Anat Rec, 2019. © 2019 American Association for Anatomy.
Composite Material that Comprised Metal–Organic Nanotubes and a Sponge as a High‐Performance Adsorbent for the Extraction of Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products from Environmental Water Samples
Authors: Li Qiu‐Lin , Li Qiang , Guo Shuang‐Feng , Li Duo , Wo Rong , Zhao Ru‐Song , Jiang Wei 
Published: March 2019

AbstractA composite material that comprised metal–organic nanotubes (MONTs) and a sponge, Cu−MONTs−sponge, was synthesized by using a rapid and convenient surfactant‐assisted dip‐coating method and used as a high‐performance adsorbent for the solid‐phase extraction of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCP) from environmental water samples. By adjusting the surfactant concentration, a composite material that contained metal–organic nanotubes and a macroporous 3D porous sponge was constructed. This modified sponge achieved outstanding reproducibility as an adsorbent, with the adsorption of trace or ultratrace amounts of contaminants. Moreover, this composite material was conveniently recycled and its extraction efficiency only decreased by 6.3–12.1 % after 30 adsorption/desorption cycles. The resulting composite exhibited excellent adsorption capacity for PPCPs, which was attributed to its unique porous structure, natural hydrophobicity, and electrostatic interactions between the metal–organic nanotubes and analyte molecules. This Cu−MONTs−sponge material is an ideal adsorbent for the extraction of trace amounts of PPCPs from environmental water samples.
Difluoroboron Chelation to Quinacridonequinone: A Synthetic Method for Air‐Sensitive 6,13‐Dihydroxyquinacridone via Boron Complexes
Authors: Moriya Koichiro , Shimada Ryohei , Ono Katsuhiko 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThis study aims to perform the chelation of difluoroboron (BF2) to quinacridonequinone (QQ). The resulting dark green solid was determined to be QA‐BF2, which is a BF2 complex of 6,13‐dihydroxyquinacridone (QA‐OH), and not QQ‐BF2, which is a BF2 complex of QQ. This result indicated that QQ‐BF2 was first generated as an O,O‐bidentate chelate, which immediately underwent a two‐electron reduction to produce QA‐BF2. This compound was converted to air‐sensitive QA‐OH by undergoing hydrolysis in argon. Since QA‐OH has a strong electron‐donating property, it easily produced QQ via air oxidation in the solution. QA‐OH also acts as a reducing reagent for quinones. The crystal packing of QA‐OH is a herringbone type with short π⋅⋅⋅π contacts, and a good hole mobility has been suggested by theoretical calculations. Herein, a new synthetic method from QQ to QA‐OH using BF2 chelation and hydrolysis was proposed. QA‐BF2 and QA‐OH are useful organic functional pigments and reducing reagents.
NCα‐gem‐dimethylated peptoid side chains: A novel approach for structural control and peptide sequence mimetics
Authors: Shyam Radhe , Nauton Lionel , Angelici Gaetano , Roy Olivier , Taillefumier Claude , Faure Sophie 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe design of linear peptoid oligomers adopting well‐defined secondary structures while mimicking defined peptide primary sequences is a major challenge in the context of drug discovery. To this end, chemists have developed cis‐inducing peptoid side chains to build robust polyproline type I helices. However, the number of efficient examples remains scarce and chemical diversity accessible through the use of these side chains is limited. Herein, we introduce an array of NCα‐gem‐dimethylated peptoid residues mimicking proteinogenic amino acids. Submonomer synthesis and block‐coupling approaches were explored to access heterooligomers incorporating these novel types of side chains. NMR studies of monomer and trimer models showed that the NCα‐gem‐dimethylated groups exert complete cis control on the backbone amide conformation. Lastly, a preliminary molecular modeling study gave an insight into the preferred orientation of the substituents of the NCα‐gem‐dimethyl side chains relative to the peptoid backbone.
Decentralized environmental regulations and plant‐level productivity
Authors: Ghosal Vivek , Stephan Andreas , Weiss Jan F. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractUsing the framework provided by the Porter hypothesis, we study the impact of environmental regulations and enforcement policies on plant‐level green total factor productivity (TFP) growth and its components related to efficiency change and technical change. The detailed microdata we use are from Sweden and for the pulp and paper industry. This industry is the source of significant amounts of water and air pollution and is one of the most heavily environmentally regulated manufacturing industries. Sweden has a unique decentralized regulatory structure where the manufacturing plants have to comply with plant‐specific regulatory standards stipulated at the national level, as well as decentralized local supervision and enforcement. Our empirical results point to beneficial impacts of the environmental policies on plants' green TFP growth and sustainable production practices. We also find that political economy considerations are important, as the presence of the Green Party and aspects like plant size (with corresponding local and regional economic effects) matter in enforcement of the standards.
An extended technology acceptance model of a mobile learning technology
Authors: Zhonggen Yu , Xiaozhi Yu 
Published: March 2019

AbstractRain Classroom, a popular mobile app developed by the most distinguished university in Asia, is a product of mobile technological revolution. Few studies have, however, formulated its acceptance model by including the constructs of peer and superior influences. This study’s primary investigation is the impact of peer and superior influences on learners’ usage of Rain Classroom within the technology acceptance model (TAM) framework. Both constructs are entered into an extended TAM as external variables impacting on the core constructs in the prevailing TAM literature: perceived usefulness, ease of use, enjoyment, and continuance intention. The investigation is conducted within the context of university students’ utilization of Rain Classroom. A sample of 293 students from a higher education institution in East China participated in this study. Using correlation analysis and WarpPLS Structural Equation Modeling, eight hypotheses were tested for Rain Classroom. The results of the analyses reveal that both peer and superior influences play a significant role in the students’ continuance intention to use Rain Classroom. Besides peer and superior influences, future research could extend the TAM by including more constructs to provide important references for researchers and practitioners of Rain Classroom.
Safety and efficacy profile of cyclin‐dependent kinases 4/6 inhibitor palbociclib in cancer therapy: A meta‐analysis of clinical trials
Authors: Guo Linghong , Hu Yuanyuan , Chen Xi , Li Qingfang , Wei Benling , Ma Xuelei 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackgroundPalbociclib is a small‐molecule, cyclin‐dependent kinase 4 and 6 inhibitor, which prevents phosphorylation of the retinoblastoma (Rb) protein and inhibits cell‐cycle progression from G1 to S phase. We performed this meta‐analysis to estimate the safety and efficacy of palbociclib in cancer patients from clinical trials.MethodsPubMed and EMBASE were searched for eligible studies. Adverse events (AE) of grade ≥3 and all‐grade (1‐5) were extracted to calculate event rates. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated to estimate the safety of palbociclib in endocrine treatment‐combined studies. A fixed effects model was used when homogeneity was low (I2 ≤ 50%). A random effects model was adopted when there was a significant heterogeneity (I2 > 50%). For efficacy endpoints, hazard ratio (HR) and 95% CI for progression‐free survival (PFS) or overall survival (OS) were extracted and analyzed.ResultsNine clinical trials representing 1534 patients were identified. The most frequently observed all‐grade adverse events (AEs) in patients treated with palbociclib were neutropenia (event rate: 68.1%), leukopenia (51.7%), fatigue (35.9%), anemia (34.7%), and thrombocytopenia (30.9%). The most common grade 3 or more toxicities were neutropenia (51.6%), leukopenia (29.4%), and thrombocytopenia (7.5%). Hematologic adverse events had high occurrence in the palbociclib group. The pooled analysis of survival outcomes suggested that palbociclib produced clinical benefits in breast cancers and Rb‐positive tumors. More specifically, palbociclib was associated with significant improvement of PFS (HR: 0.518, 95% CI: 0.444‐0.604) in the treatment of ER‐positive and HER2‐negative breast cancer.ConclusionsHematologic adverse events were common in palbociclib‐treated cancer patients. Since palbociclib produced a higher PFS rate with a low serious complication rate, it can be a promising novel target therapy drug for treating ER‐positive and HER2‐negative breast cancer.
Genetic variants of SP‐D confer susceptibility to radiation pneumonitis in lung cancer patients undergoing thoracic radiation therapy
Authors: Xu Li , Jiang Junhong , Li Yunming , Zhang Ling , Li Zhihui , Xian Jing , Jiang Chaoyang , Diao Yong , Su Xiaomei , Xu Hongyu , Zhang Yue , Zhang Tao , Yang Zhenzhou , Tan Bangxian , Li Hua 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackgroundSurfactant protein D (SP‐D) is an innate immunity molecule in the alveoli. However, the associations between genetic variants of SP‐D and radiation pneumonitis (RP) have never been investigated.MethodsThe Linkage disequilibrium of SP‐D and tagSNPs were analyzed by using Haploview 4.1. Eight tagSNPs were genotyped among 396 lung cancer patients who received thoracic radiation therapy with follow–up time (median [P25, P75]: 11[6, 18]) using improved multiplex ligation detection reaction (iMLDR). The associations between clinical characteristics, tagSNP alleles, genotypes, haplotypes and onset time of grade ≥2 or ≥3 RP were evaluated by using univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression model.ResultsThree tagSNPs of SP‐D (rs1998374, rs911887 and rs2255326) were significantly associated with grade ≥2 RP in multivariate analysis with multiple testing (Q test). The rs199874 had a protective effect for grade ≥2 RP in the dominant model (Hazard ratio (HR), 0.575; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.378‐0.875). The homozygous mutant genotype for rs911887 had risk effect for grade ≥2 RP (HR, 2.209; 95% CI, 1.251‐3.902). The A mutant allele of rs2255326 also showed an elevated risk for grade ≥2 RP (HR, 1.777; 95% CI, 1.283‐2.461) and this risk effect was still significant in the recessive genetic model (HR, 3.320; 95% CI, 1.659‐6.644) and dominant genetic model (HR, 1.773; 95% CI, 1.166‐2.696). Compared to the lung cancer patients bearing the most common haplotype C‐G‐T, the patients bearing the haplotype T‐A‐C (rs1998374‐rs2255326‐rs911887) showed a significant risk of both grade ≥2 RP (HR, 1.885; 95% CI, 1.284‐2.765) and grade ≥3 RP (HR, 2.256; 95% CI, 1.248‐4.080).ConclusionsGenetic variants of SP‐D were associated with risk of RP development in lung cancer patients receiving thoracic radiotherapy.
Asymmetric effect of context‐specific color priming on interpretation of ambiguous news articles
Authors: Choi Jungsil , Lee Kiljae , Banerjee Pronobesh 
Published: March 2019

AbstractIn the context of reading a news article as a source to predict the stock price of a company, people's interpretation of the article was biased by the color used as its background. We found that this bias was (a) asymmetric, (b) strengthened with ambiguity, and (c) context specific. First, the color‐priming effect was asymmetric. In Studies 1 and 2, the readers' interpretation was positively biased when the article was presented on a background color that signals up (green in the United States and red in South Korea). The interpretation, however, was not negatively biased when it was presented on a background color that signals down (red in the United States and blue in South Korea). Second, the effect was strengthened with ambiguity. Study 3 showed that the bias was stronger when the article describing the stock price was ambiguous than when it was unambiguous. Third, the effect appeared to be a consequence of the context‐specific experience of an individual. Study 4 showed that the bias was stronger among those who recognized the meaning of a particular color in the context of their stock market.