bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Retrospective Analysis of Epidemiology and Clinical Outcomes of Gastric Adenocarcinoma Patients Treated at Ain Shams Clinical Oncology Department
Authors: Elsayed Alaa Mohamed Mohamed Mohamed Ahmed , El-Bassiouny Mohamed Mohamed , Ghany El Khodary Dalia Abd El , Ezz El Din Mai Mohamed Ali , Wahba Christine Reda , Alorabi Mohamed Osama 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Gastric cancer, a significant health burden in Egypt, has shown a rising trend in recent years. Risk factors include H. pylori infection, smoking, and unhealthy diets. Early detection and improved treatment options are crucial for combating this life-threatening disease

Methods
we conducted a retrospective analysis of the medical records of 70 patients with gastric adenocarcinoma treated at clinical oncology department, faculty of medicine, Ain Shams university in the Period From 2017 till 2020.

Results
our study include 70 patients with male to female ratio of 1: 1 at the median age of 52 years with 84% of the patients presented with advanced stages (stage 3 and stage 4). The median overall survival for stage 2 was the highest it was about 36 months while for stage 4 was the least measuring 7 months. the overall survival for stage 3 was 17 months. There was a highly significant relation between overall survival and surgery (p &lt; 0.001). There was a highly significant relation between overall survival and adjuvant therapy (p &lt; 0.001). Patients who received neoadjuvant therapy had better overall survival but this did not reach the significant level (p &gt; 0.05). Univariate analysis, variables independently associated with overall survival included: higher stage, higher grade and histological type. While in multivariate analysis, it was found that stage and histological type were independent predictors for mortality.

Conclusion
Surgery is the basis of curative treatment for resectable gastric cancer, patients who underwent radical surgery had better overall survival than unresectable ones. presentation with metastatic lymph nodes, and systemic involvement is associated with poor prognosis despite multi-agents systemic treatment. Further research is required regarding the prevalence and causes of gastric cancer in Egypt to improve outcome of systemic treatment.
Functional Outcome after Treatment of Three-Part Proximal Humerus Fractures Using Locking Plate vs. Conservative Treatment in the Elderly
Authors: Ishak Abanob Naguib Aqladious , Bassiony Ayman Abdel-Aziz , ELshabrawy Waleed Elsayed 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Proximal humeral fractures (PHFs) are among the most common fractures in the elderly. The majority of proximal humeral fractures are treated conservatively, and up to 33% are treated surgically.

Objective
To compare functional outcome and quality of life after treatment of displaced 3-part proximal humerus fractures using the locking plates, as compared to nonoperative treatment in elderly patients.

Methods
This study performed a search for all published articles locking plates or nonoperative treatment in the management of displaced 3-part proximal humerus fractures.

Results
The pooled analysis of the included studies showed no significant difference between conservative treatment and operative treatment regarding the outcome of Constant score (MD = 0.04; 95% CI:[-0.2, 0.29]; P = 0.748). The pooled analysis of the included studies showed no significant difference in postoperative the DASH score between conservative treatment and operative treatment (MD = 0.05; 95% CI:[-0.35, 0.25]; P = 0.48). The pooled analysis of the included studies showed no significant difference in the outcome of VAS score between conservative treatment and operative treatment (MD = 0.38; 95% CI:[0.07, 0.69]; P = 0.748). The pooled analysis of the included studies showed no significant difference in ROM between conservative treatment and operative treatment (MD = 0.39; 95% CI:[-0.15, 0.94]; P = 0.425). The pooled analysis of the included studies showed no significant difference in postoperative complications between conservative treatment and operative treatment (RR = 1.148; 95% CI:[0.369 3.575]; P = 0.507). The pooled analysis of the included studies showed no significant difference in the outcome of non-union rate between conservative treatment and operative treatment (RR = 0.85; 95% CI: [0.72 – 2.28]; P = 0.158).

Conclusion
The results of this meta-analysis revealed no significant differences between conservative treatment and operative treatment as regard constant scores, DASH and VAS scores, range of movement, incidence of complications or non-union.
Impact of COVID19 on Availability of Anti-Epileptic Medications in Pediatric Neurology Clinic
Authors: Hassanein Sahar Mohamed Ahmed , Amin Ghada Essam Aldin , Abdelaziz Asmaa Wafeeq , Zaitoun Raghda Mohamed Hesham , Waseef Aya Mohamed Refaat Mohamed El 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
In epilepsy patients, the pandemic has led to postponement of outpatient visits, cancellation of epilepsy-related tests, such as electroencephalograms (EEG) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies, and even difficulties in attending emergency situations due to saturation of the healthcare services, which can create life threatening situations for patients who present to the emergency rooms with non-COVID related complaints.

Aim of the Work
To evaluate effect of COVID-19 pandemic on supplying anti-epileptic medications for children following in the Pediatric Neurology Clinic, Ain Shams University.

Patients and Methods
An observational cross-sectional study was carried out at Pediatric Neurology Clinic, Children’s hospital, Ain Shams University. The study included 126 care givers of children with epilepsy who were aged 2 to 18 years, have a diagnosis of Epilepsy (including idiopathic and cryptogenic epilepsy) for at least one year before the onset of the COVID19 pandemic. I.e., Epilepsy diagnosed at or before March 2019 and are following up at the Pediatric Neurology Clinic, Children’s Hospital, Ain Shams University.

Results
Our study showed only 22% of the epileptic children had trouble in obtaining the anti- epileptic drug/drugs; where the most common problem was financial problems followed by drug shortage. Most of the epileptic children didn’t have a change in the treatment regimen during the last year.

Conclusion
Most children with epilepsy did not experience a significant change in their clinical conditions because of healthcare reorganization during the COVID-19 emergency.
Utility of Doppler Ultrasound in Early-Onset Neonatal Sepsis
Authors: Kasim Amr Hasan , Habib Lobna , Mohammad Shaimaa Abdelsattar , Saleh Ghada Ahmed , Salah Shaymaa Hassan Mohamed 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Early-onset sepsis is one of the leading causes of neonatal morbidity and mortality worldwide and timely diagnosis is, therefore, of paramount importance. There is paucity of literature regarding early alteration of the cerebral blood flow (CBF) in neonatal sepsis.

Purpose
Our study aimed to appraise changes in the CBF velocities and Doppler indices in neonates with early-onset neonatal sepsis (EONS) and to assess its diagnostic accuracy.

Methods
A total of 99 neonates were recruited in the study; 56 neonates with EONS, and the age-matched 43 neonates without any manifestations of sepsis. A Transcranial Doppler examination was performed and the cerebral hemodynamics assessed in neonates during the first seventy-two hours of life. Doppler indices and CBFV were measured in the anterior cerebral artery (ACA), and middle cerebral artery (MCA), of either side for the peak systolic velocity (PSV), end-diastolic velocity (EDV), resistivity index (RI), and pulsatility index (PI). Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and diagnostic accuracy were calculated for the appropriate diagnostic cut-off points.

Results
A highly significant lower resistance (PI and RI), relatively higher peak systolic velocity, and higher end-diastolic velocity in both ACA, and MCA have been documented within 72 hours of birth in neonates with EONS compared to the control group of neonates without sepsis.

Conclusions
Our Study revealed that assessment of CBF at early hours of birth by Transcranial Doppler examination showed alteration in cerebral hemodynamics in neonates with EONS with an increase in the CBF and a decrease in the resistance. It can be adopted as a bedside and noninvasive tool.
Comparative Study between Chest Radiography and Ultrasound Findings in ICU Patients with Respiratory Distress
Authors: aldin Sayed Moatasem Gamal , Ahmed Amal Ibrahim , Yousry Heba allah Mohammed 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Lung radiology is regularly done for the patients in intensive care units. Chest x-ray is considered one of the most easy imaging modalities. However, it may be not comfortable for critical patients in addition to the hazards of irradiation. The high variability of quality of the chest x-ray image makes its interpretation difficult. Nowadays bedside lung ultrasound is increasingly used in patients managed in intensive care units (ICUs)

Objective
To compare the diagnostic performance of lung ultrasound and bedside chest radiography for the detection of various pathologic abnormalities in unselected critically ill patients.

Patients and Methods
A prospective study done on 60 patients with respiratory distress admitted to the intensive care unit at our institute over 7 months. Chest X-ray and lung ultrasound were done to all the patients and then compared regarding the clinical diagnosis of pulmonary diseases and further radiological and laboratory methods.

Results
One Hundred Twenty hemithoraces were evaluated. The sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy of CXR were 79.2, 94.4 and 88.3% for consolidation, 80, 100 and 98 % for pneumothorax, and 62.8, 96, and 76.7% for pleural effusion, respectively. The corresponding values for lung ultrasound were 87.5, 97, and 93.3% for consolidation, 100, 100, and 100 % for pneumothorax, and 91.4, 100, and 93.3% for pleural effusion, respectively.

Conclusion
Ultrasound is a bed side tool useful for rapid and early diagnosis of acute dyspnea in critical ill patients. It has higher sensitivity and higher specificity of diagnosis of chest diseases as pneumonia, pleural diseases and pneumothorax in comparison to CXR
Hepatic Arterial Anatomy Variations in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma Evaluated by Computed Tomography Angiography
Authors: Kamal Omnia Ahmed , Mohammed Mohammed Yosry , Osman Najwa Mohamed Mahmoud 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Aim of the Work
To highlight the role of CT angiography in evaluation of hepatic artery variations in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.

Patients and Methods
The study was conducted from November 2022 to August 2023, 80 patient referred from oncology to radiology department at Ain Shams university hospitals for preoperative evaluation of hepatic artery anatomical variations.

Results
Our study included Egyptian patients who were retrospectively analyzed came for triphasic CT of the liver, the mean age of this study population is 50.06 years. It was identified normal hepatic arterial anatomy in patients (31.3The other 27 patients (42.2%) showed some variation. Regarding Michels classification, the most frequently observed abnormalities were: right hepatic artery branch of the superior mesenteric artery (Type III, n = 10, 15.6 %); left hepatic artery branch of the left gastric artery (Type II, n = 8, 12.5%); Accessory left hepatic artery of the left gastric artery (Type V, n = 5, 7.8%). Accessory right hepatic artery of the superior mesenteric artery (Type VI, n = 2, 3.1%). Replaced right hepatic artery of superior mesenteric artery and Accessory left hepatic artery of the left gastric artery (Type VIII, n = 2, 3.1%).

Conclusion
Hepatic arteries variations are not uncommon findings, with different anatomic variants being reported. Thus, the importance of knowing the possible variations of this structure is emphasized, which may have implications for pre-surgical, pre-laparoscopic, or even pre-interventional and this can be achieved using MSCT to minimize and avoid the major vascular complications and decrease the morbidity of patients.
Pretending Ignorance Is Bliss: Competing Insurers with Heterogeneous Informational Advantages
Authors: Abrardi Laura , Colombo Luca , Tedeschi Piero 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The availability of big data and analytics expertise provides insurers with informational advantages over policyholders in estimating risk. We study competition between heterogeneously informed insurers, showing that their information may or may not be revealed in equilibrium. We find that all equilibria are profitable and that noninformative equilibria entail risk pooling and possibly efficiency. In informative equilibria, the signaling problem interacts with the screening problem that arises endogenously from insurers’ revelation of information, implying underinsurance. Our main insights are robust to changes in insurers’ information precision and market concentration and to the presence of two-sided asymmetric information and withdrawable contracts.
Entering the mainstream economy? Workplace segregation and immigrant assimilation
Authors: Lillehagen Mats , Hermansen Are Skeie 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Why do foreign-born immigrant workers often concentrate in low-wage, minority-dense workplaces? Do immigrants’ native-born children—who typically acquire better language skills, education, and country-specific knowledge—experience improved access to workplaces in the mainstream economy? Using economy-wide linked employer–employee administrative data from Norway, we analyze both ethnic and economic workplace segregation across immigrant generations. We find that, on average, 32% of immigrants’ coworkers and 16% of second-generation immigrants’ coworkers have immigrant backgrounds, compared to 7% for natives. In terms of economic segregation, the average percentile rank of coworkers’ salaries is 36, 49, and 52 for immigrants, children of immigrants, and natives, respectively. A formal decomposition analysis shows that differences in employee, workplace, and residential location characteristics collectively explain 54–74% of ethnic and 79–84% of economic workplace segregation for immigrants and their children. Key factors driving this segregation in both immigrant generations include education, occupational attainment, industry of employment, having an immigrant manager, and the concentration of immigrant neighbors. This suggests that both skill-based sorting and network-related processes contribute to immigrant–native workplace segregation. However, children of immigrants’ improved access to less immigrant-dense and higher-paying workplaces, compared to immigrants, is primarily driven by differential skill-based sorting (i.e., higher education and shifts in occupation and industry placement). Our findings reveal a sharp decline in workplace segregation relative to natives as children of immigrants advance into the mainstream economy, highlighting the central role of assimilation in skill profiles for workplace integration across immigrant generations.
Professional Self-Care in Social Work Practice: A New Conceptual Framework
Authors: Cole Rebecca , Fantus Sophia , Hawkins Lataya , Chakraborty Priyanjali 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Social work practitioners have experienced increased rates of burnout, fatigue, and occupational stress. To combat deteriorating mental health, the National Association of Social Workers’ Code of Ethics has called for a renewed focus on self-care practice. Yet, self-care education often fails to consider how to integrate practices into the workplace, especially with constrained resources and increasing caseloads. The purpose of this study was to examine healthcare social workers’ perceptions of self-care in the workplace. Semistructured virtual interviews were conducted with healthcare social workers (N = 43) across the state of Texas. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and redacted to protect participant confidentiality. Through content analysis, the research team analyzed transcripts by selecting meaningful units of text to create codes and categories. Themes were then developed, and the research team refined codes, discussed inconsistencies, and reached consensus. Findings demonstrate self-care in the workplace includes (a) individual strategies, identified by strong and trustworthy peer support systems and boundary management; (b) intrapersonal strategies, identified by formal supervision and advocacy and activism; and (c) institutional strategies, identified by ethical workplace cultures that invest in mental health and explicitly value social work. These data inform a framework to adapt self-care from an individual necessity to a shared responsibility among organizational leadership.
Testing Relationships between Multiple Regional Features and Biogeographic Processes of Speciation, Extinction, and Dispersal
Authors: Swiston Sarah K , Landis Michael J 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The spatial and environmental features of regions where clades are evolving are expected to impact biogeographic processes such as speciation, extinction, and dispersal. Any number of regional features (such as elevation, distance, area, etc.) may be directly or indirectly related to these processes. For example, it may be that distances or differences in elevation or both may limit dispersal rates. However, it is difficult to disentangle which features are most strongly related to rates of different processes. Here, we present an extensible Multifeature Feature-Informed GeoSSE (MultiFIG) model that allows for the simultaneous investigation of any number of regional features. MultiFIG provides a conceptual framework for incorporating large numbers of features of different types, including categorical, quantitative, within-region, and between-region features, along with a mathematical framework for translating those features into biogeographic rates for statistical hypothesis testing. Using traditional Bayesian parameter estimation and reversible-jump Markov chain Monte Carlo, MultiFIG allows for the exploration of models with different numbers and combinations of feature-effect parameters and generates estimates for the strengths of relationships between each regional feature and core process. We validate this model with a simulation study covering a range of scenarios with different numbers of regions, tree sizes, and feature values. We also demonstrate the application of MultiFIG with an empirical case study of the South American lizard genus Liolaemus, investigating 16 regional features related to area, distance, and elevation. Our results show two important feature-process relationships: a negative distance/dispersal relationship and a negative area/extinction relationship. Interestingly, although speciation rates were found to be higher in Andean versus non-Andean regions, the model did not assign significance to Andean- or elevation-related parameters. These results highlight the need to consider multiple regional features in biogeographic hypothesis testing.
Assessment of the pattern, severity, and outcomes of acute mood stabilizer drug poisoning
Authors: Abdel-Ghaffar Abdel-Dayem Rania Samir , Elshama Said Said , Maklad Aisha Ibrahim , Elmansy Alshaimma Mahmoud 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background: Mood-stabilizer drugs are associated with a considerable incidence of morbidity and mortality. Aim: This study aimed to assess the pattern, severity, and outcomes of poisoning with acute mood stabilizer drugs among admitted patients to Tanta University Poison Control Center, Egypt between January 2021 and September 2023. Patients and methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in patients with acute mood stabilizer drug poisoning. Data from electronic medical records were observed. The poison severity score (PSS) assessed the severity of the patients. Primary outcomes were the pattern and severity assessment. Secondary outcomes included the incidence of mortality, the need for intensive care unit (ICU) admission, the need for intubation and mechanical ventilation, the incidence of complications, and the duration of hospital stay. Results: A total of 67 patients with acute poisoning of mood stabilizers were included. Poisoning with carbamazepine accounted for 58.2% of all mood stabilizers, followed by valproic acid (29.8%), lithium (7.5%), and lamotrigine (4.5%). The highest proportion of patients were young, females, with intentional poisoning and were classified as mild to moderate poisoning based on PSS. There were significant statistical associations between PSS and the need for ICU admission, development of complications, and length of hospital stay among poisoned patients with carbamazepine or valproic acid. Conclusions: Carbamazepine poisoning and valproic acid poisoning were the most common mood stabilizers compared to lithium and lamotrigine poisoning. In acute carbamazepine and valproic acid poisoning, the PSS is a relevant score that could predict the need for ICU admission, the development of complications, and the duration of hospital stays.
Educational Responses to Local and Migration Destination Shocks: Evidence from China
Authors: Leight Jessica , Pan Yao 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Over the last 20 years, China has experienced substantial positive shocks to export-oriented industries—especially following its accession to the World Trade Organization—and these shocks have had major implications for human capital investment. One primary channel through which export expansion can shape choices about human capital accumulation is positive labor-demand shocks, and these shocks can be observed both at potential within-country migration destinations and in the locality of birth. Exploiting cross-county variation in the reduction in export tariff uncertainty post-WTO, both locally and at plausible migration destinations, this analysis finds that youth in China reaching matriculation age post-accession in counties experiencing a larger export shock (either locally or at those destinations) show a lower probability of enrolling in high school. This pattern is observed in a sample including both youth who ultimately migrate and youth who do not migrate. For urban youth, the effects of local shocks are larger than the effects of destination shocks, but the opposite pattern is observed for rural youth.
The 2023 Update on Pressure Injuries: A Review of the Literature
Authors: Berlowitz Dan , Konchinski Bianca , Chen Lingming , DeCastro Sheila Sablon 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT
More than 700 new articles were added to the pressure injury (PI) literature in 2023, challenging clinicians, educators, and researchers who try to stay current. In this article, the authors summarize six articles published in 2023 that provide important new data or insights about PIs. The articles cover a range of topics, including PI prevention and treatment, management of osteomyelitis, and the role of artificial intelligence in assessment. For each article, the authors provide a description of the study results along with a comment on why the results are important. This information will help the community to remain current with developments in the PI field and incorporate new data into clinical practice.

GENERAL PURPOSE
To provide a summary of six articles published in 2023 that provide important new data or insights about pressure injuries (PIs).

TARGET AUDIENCE
This continuing education activity is intended for physicians, physician assistants, nurse practitioners, and registered nurses with an interest in skin and wound care.

LEARNING OBJECTIVES/OUTCOMES
After participating in this educational activity, the participant will:
1. Summarize selected current evidence addressing the prevention of PIs.
2. Evaluate new studies exploring PI treatment modalities.
3. Identify recent findings concerning the role of artificial intelligence in staging PIs.