bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of the impact of novel photovoltaic materials on climate change: A numerical simulation study on surface temperature regulation and CO2 reduction
Authors: zhang peng , Gao Xiang 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Global climate change is an urgent environmental challenge . To mitigate global warming, Solar Radiation Management (SRM) is being explored as a means to reduce the solar energy reaching Earth’s surface, thus controlling temperature rise. At the same time, greenhouse gas emissions remain the main cause of global warming. Large-scale photovoltaic installations, which are key for renewable energy generation, can also exacerbate local heat island effects and potentially impact both local and global climates . To address these issues, recent advancements in selective transmission and reflection photovoltaic materials have offered promising solutions. These materials achieve high energy conversion efficiency while reflecting significant portions of sunlight, thereby lowering surface temperatures. By combining solar radiation reflection with CO2 emissions reduction through clean energy generation, photovoltaic panels play a dual role in climate regulation . This study utilizes numerical simulations to evaluate the long-term climate impact of these novel photovoltaic materials, focusing on their effectiveness in surface temperature regulation and CO2 reduction.
Does professional and interprofessional identity increase during professional education? A cross-sectional study of Norwegian health- and social care students
Authors: Stalsberg Ragna , Thyness Cathinka , Grimstad Hilde , Rusandu Albertina , Andre Beate , Juul Randi , Steinsbekk Aslak 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background: Knowledge about the development of professional and interprofessional identity can be used in health & social education institutions to design apt curricula. However, the theoretical assumption for the development lacks solid empirical evidence. The purpose of the study was to examine the development of health & social care students’ professional- and interprofessional identities during professional education.
Methods:In this cross-sectional study, all students at all levels from eleven health & social care higher education programmes were included and completed a web-based questionnaire. The Macleod Clark Professional Identity Scale (MCPIS-9) was used to assess both professional and interprofessional identity. Analysis was performed using two-sample t-tests and multivariable regression models.
Results:The overall scores of professional and interprofessional identity (range 1-5), were 4.15 and 4.17, respectively. There was a slight but marked increase in professional identity score from the first to the final year of study (0.18—point increase, 95% CI 0.07 to 0.30) and a similar but weaker tendency for interprofessional identity (0.10—point increase, 95% CI -0.01 to 0.21). There was also an increase in professional identity when the three-years bachelor (0.17—point increase, p=0.034) and six-year professional study programmes (0.3—point increase, p=0.022) were analysed separately. However, this was less marked for interprofessional identity (respectively 0.08—point increase, p=0.386 and 0.24— point increase, p=0.049). The professional identity score increased with a mean of .08 point more than interprofessional identity from first to last study year.
Conclusion: Across health & social care students, there was a slight but visible increase in professional identity during the professional education. There was a tendency towards the same for interprofessional identity. This limited increase in professional and interprofessional identity during the course of the programmes may be due to the formation of such identity before students start their studies. However, shortcomings in the measurement of identity cannot be ruled out.
Prevalence, distribution and predictors of the occurrence of newborn illnesses in two urban slums in Accra, Ghana
Authors: Adimazoya¹* Edward Akolgo , Ganle²† John Kumuuori , Asampong³† Emmanuel , Glozah³† Franklin , Adongo³† Philip Baba 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Neonatal mortality remains a significant public health challenge globally, and Ghana is no exception. In Ghana, neonatal mortality accounts for 61% of infant deaths and 43% of under-five deaths. Few studies have investigated the prevalence, distribution and predictors of newborn illnesses in urban slums in Ghana. This paper examined the prevalence, distribution and determinants of the occurrence of newborn illnesses in two urban slums in Accra, Ghana.
Methods
The data for this paper comes from a concurrent mixed methods cross sectional study. The quantitative survey from which this paper is written was conducted among 279 mothers aged 15–49 years with live neonates 0–28 days old in two urban slums. The prevalence and distribution of various newborn illnesses was described using descriptive analysis. Bivariate and multiple logistic regression analyses were used to assess the predictors of illness occurrence at a 95% confidence level.
Results
Of the 279 newborn- mother pairs surveyed, 44 (15.8%) reported at least one of four illnesses; diarrhoea, fever, cough and acute respiratory infections. Among the different categories of mothers, there were no significant numerical differences in the occurrence of neonatal illness. Timing of drying and wrapping of the newborn was significantly associated with illness occurrence (χ2 = 8.23, p < 0.05). Neonates that were dried or wrapped soon after birth and before delivery of the placenta (AOR: 1.30, 95% CI: 0.53–3.18, p > 0.05 ) were less likely to suffer from any illness, compared to neonates that were dried/ wrapped after delivery of the placenta (AOR: 6.26, 95% CI: 1.71–22.88, p < 0.01). Similarly, neonates that were put to the breast for the first time within an hour after birth and between 1–3 hours after birth (AOR: 3.16, 95% CI: 1.08–9.27, p < 0.05) were significantly less likely to suffer any illness compared to those that were breastfed after 4 hours or more (AOR: 5.02, 95% CI: 1.49–16.87, p < 0.01) after birth.
Conclusions
The main illnesses affecting newborns in urban slums are diarrhoea, fever, cough, and acute respiratory infections. Drying or wrapping the newborn soon after birth and before delivery of the placenta and immediate breast feeding reduced the risk of illness occurrence. Strengthening early essential newborn care could potentially reduce the incidence and prevalence of newborn illnesses in urban slums.
Long-term Investors with Enhanced Well-being? Comparing Personality Traits by Investment Assets
Authors: Hitsuwari Jimpei , Kumagai Motoki 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

In the current era of increasing life expectancy, investment has become increasingly important for long-term financial stability and well-being. While previous research focused on risk tolerance and financial literacy among investors, little is known about the psychological characteristics of different types of investors and their relationships with well-being. This study investigated how different types of investment behavior relate to long-term orientation and psychological well-being. We compared four groups: long-term stock investors (investors in funds conceptualized around long-term investments), general stock investors, cryptocurrency investors, and non-investors. The participants completed measures of long-term orientation, life satisfaction, ikigai (sense of life worth living), positive emotions, and attitudes toward ambiguity. While no significant differences were found in long-term orientation across groups, the investment groups showed higher life satisfaction and ikigai scores than non-investors. Long-term stock investors reported higher contentment and lower absolutism in attitudes toward ambiguity. Mediation analysis revealed that long-term orientation had a marginally significant mediating effect between long-term stock investment and ikigai. These findings suggest that investment behavior, particularly long-term stock investment, may contribute to psychological well-being through multiple pathways beyond financial returns. These results highlight the potential psychological benefits of investment activities and suggest that different investment approaches may foster distinct patterns of positive emotions and cognitive attitudes. This study provides novel insights into investors’ psychological characteristics and the relationship between investment behavior and well-being.
Chemically enhancing agricultural biofortification of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) with iron from rusty soil
Authors: Ologidi Charles Godspower , Ogbulu Agnes Owen , Osia Ayibakedoubra , Ebiakpo Diepreye , Michael Rebecca , Apreala Alaere , Dubia Profit Mathew , Izoukumoh Jenneth Newman , Akpoezughe Pere Samuel , Ogheneuyoyo Nathaniel Ozegbe , Ikpong Clement Monday , Igburu Ebiweni , Sigmus Victor 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Iron deficiency is a global malnutrition problem with an alarming impact in developing countries where there is food insecurity due mostly to a lack of access caused by poverty and the ability to obtain large chunks of calories from plant-based food sources, which are cheaper than those from meat/fish-based food sources. In addition, non-heme iron in plants is less bioavailable than heme iron in meat/fish. However, iron deficiency can be alleviated by iron biofortification of staple crops. Agricultural practices such as soil amendments are easily implemented methods of iron biofortification. Therefore, a soil formulation called rusty soil (75% waste sand in groundwater filtration, 12.5% loamy soil, and 12.5% manure), which supports plant growth and contains higher iron concentrations than loamy soil does, was chemically enhanced with variable concentrations (10 g, 30 g, and 50 g in 4000 mL) of sulfosalicylic acid, which is an iron chelator. Iron biofortification was modelled in sorghum by planting in 5000 g rusty soil, sulfosalicylic acid-treated rusty sand (positive control), and loamy soil (negative control) in triplicate. The iron concentration of the soils was determined at week of transplanting and 11 weeks after transplanting (11 WAT) by acid digestion and flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry (FAAS). In addition, the iron concentration of the plant parts was ascertained at 11 WAT and the values were statistically analysed at 5% probability level, which revealed that there was a significant increase in iron concentration of sorghum plant parts due to application of 50 g of sulfosalicylic acid. Therefore, there was chemical enhancement of agricultural iron biofortification of sorghum using rusty soil and this could be applied in other crops.
Evaluating Rural Households’ Welfare Gains from Participation in Smallholder Agriculture: A Difference in Differences Approach
Authors: Mandikiana Brian Washington 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Smallholder agriculture is a livelihood strategy that millions of rural South African households rely on. Accordingly, this study evaluates what determines participation in smallholder agriculture and whether it is an optimal livelihood strategy that improves household welfare among rural households in South Africa. This study uses the waves of the South African National Income Dynamics Survey (NIDS). Using a two time period and two-group quasi-experiment approach permits impact evaluation using the 'nearest neighbor' propensity score matching algorithm and difference-in-differences techniques. This study establishes that race, household composition, culture, and geographic location are associated with participation in smallholder agriculture. However, for rural households, participation in smallholder agricultural production results in an approximately one food group more dietary diverse diet. Additionally, the results suggest that there is no statistically significant impact of agricultural production on other welfare outcomes, namely; consumption per capita, income per capita, and the wealth index. Overall, the results suggest that rural households' participation in agricultural production is less opportunity driven. Instead, participation in agricultural production is more effective as a subsistence strategy. Moreover, these results have important food security implications.
Causal effects of happiness: The role of macroeconomic and institutional factors
Authors: Mandikiana Brian Washington 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

This article examines the effect of economic and institutional factors on an indicator of happiness. To achieve this goal, the study develops a theoretical model based on the neoclassical theory of the firm that links happiness to economic and institutional factors and uses unique happiness data from the World Happiness Report (WHR), World Bank’s World Governance Indicators, World Development Indicators and the Penn World Table version 10.0 dataset for 133 global countries from 2005 to 2019. The analysis uses the dynamic panel data system generalized method of moment (Sys-GMM) to understand the dynamics of happiness better. The results reveal that income per capita, voice, and accountability improve happiness. However, there is evidence suggesting that inflation and an increase in the contribution of rents to the gross domestic product have a negative impact on happiness. Thus, to achieve happiness improvements, specific public policy initiatives should be implemented to boost the development of good governance, particularly ensuring citizens have platforms to voice their concerns and promoting accountability. Also addressing issues that impede income growth and creating institutes grounded on using natural resources rents for maximizing happiness as a public policy investment globally.
A Comprehensive Deep Learning Pipeline for Arrhythmia Multi-Classification with Electrocardiography Data
Authors: Quirós-Corella Fabricio , Loaiza Randall , Matarrita Rosa , Meneses Esteban 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Accurate and timely arrhythmia multi-classification is crucial for diagnosing and managing cardiovascular diseases. Traditional interpretation of electrocardiograms is time-consuming and prone to human error. To address these challenges, this study describes a novel deep learning-based approach for automated arrhythmia classification. Our proposed model, a convolutional-recurrent neural network, leverages the strengths of both convolutional and recurrent neural networks to effectively capture spatial and temporal features within electrocardiography signals. To outperform the existent deep learning solutions, we incorporate a systematic data balancing strategy to address the class imbalance often present in the available datasets. Furthermore, we employ an automatic hyperparameter optimization technique to fine-tune the model’s parameters for optimal performance. The proposed deep learning architecture, trained on a robust dataset of electrocardiograms, demonstrates exceptional accuracy in classifying multiple arrhythmia types. Our results, with an overall accuracy of 99.60%, surpass previous state-of-the-art methods, highlighting the potential of our approach to improve the efficiency and accuracy of arrhythmia diagnosis in clinical settings.
Xây dựng quy trình công nghệ chế biến puree bí đỏ (Cucurbita moschata D.) đóng hộp
Authors: Nguyễn Nhật Minh Phương , Trần Kim Bảo , Lê Minh Đô , Trần Như Ảnh , Trần Chí Nhân , Tống Thị Ánh Ngọc 
Published: November 2024

Bí đỏ chứa nhiều carotenoid. Thịt bí đỏ thường được sử dụng trực tiếp hoặc chế biến thành các sản phẩm khác, ví dụ như puree. Việc phát triển sản phẩm puree bí đỏ đóng hộp là cần thiết để phát triển sản phẩm giá trị gia tăng. Với mục tiêu này, nội dung nghiên cứu bao gồm (i) khảo sát sự ảnh hưởng của nhiệt độ (80, 90 và 100oC) và thời gian chần (5, 6 và 7 phút) đến chất lượng nguyên liệu bí đỏ; (ii) xác định nồng độ ascorbic acid (0,025, 0,05 và 0,1%) bổ sung và xây dựng chế độ tiệt trùng phù hợp (121°C trong 5, 7, 9 phút; 118°C trong 20, 23, 26 phút; 115°C trong 45, 50, 60 phút) để đảm bảo chất lượng và an toàn của sản phẩm puree bí đỏ đóng hộp. Mẫu được chần ở nhiệt độ 90oC trong thời gian 7 phút vô hoạt toàn enzyme peroxidase, giữ được màu sắc, hàm lượng carotenoids, cấu trúc mềm phù hợp làm puree. Sản phẩm puree bí đỏ đóng hộp được tiệt trùng ở nhiệt độ 121°C trong 5 phút duy trì hàm lượng chất dinh dưỡng và đảm bảo an toàn về mặt vi sinh (v.d. bào tử Clostridium botulinum).
Pengaruh Perbedaan Durasi Pembekuan Menggunakan Metode ABF (Air Blast Freezer) Terhadap Karakteristik Fisikokimia Takoyaki Frozen
Authors: Yanuari Salsabila Aziza Putri , Siskawardani Devi Dwi , Sukardi Sukardi 
Published: November 2024

Takoyaki merupakan makanan ringan yang berasal dari Jepang dan terbuat dari adonan tepung terigu, telur, air dan kaldu daishi kemudian diisi dengan potongan gurita (tako), bubuk tempura (tenkasu) dan daun bawang (negi). Takoyaki segar umumnya memiliki umur simpan yang singkat sehingga akan mempengaruhi perubahan mutu dengan cepat setelah diproduksi. Dengan demikian, pembekuan ABF (air blast freezer) bisa menjadi solusi untuk proses takoyaki frozen karena mampu menghasilkan kristal es yang lebih halus dan dapat memastikan suhu di dalam ruangan tetap stabil sehingga dapat menjaga integritas mutu produk. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh durasi pembekuan terhadap karakteristik fisikokimia takoyaki frozen dan mengetahui perlakuan durasi pembekuan terbaik. Rancangan percobaan pada penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 3 level taraf durasi pembekuan (6 jam, 12 jam dan 18 jam) dengan suhu (-28°C) – (-30°C) dan 6 unit percobaan. Parameter yang diamati meliputi analisa kimia (kadar air, kadar protein dan TPC), analisa fisik (susut bobot, intensitas warna dan tekstur) dan uji organoleptik. Perlakuan terbaik terdapat pada perlakuan 1 yaitu 6 jam berdasarkan analisis kimia nilai kadar air (63,85%), kadar protein (4,41%), TPC (5 x 104 CFU/g), analisis fisik susut bobot (2,67%), intensitas warna lightness (58,08%), chroma (22,84%), hue (63,25, tekstur hardness (5,21 N) dan analisa organoleptik kenampakan 3,68 (cerah), aroma 3,24 (sedikit harum), rasa 3,48 (gurih), tekstur 3,32 (sedikit lembut), dan kesukaan 3,92 (suka).
Estudos sobre um acontecimento: a quem pertence a morte dos Yanomami?
Authors: Duarte Marcelo Almeida , Oliveira Pedro Pinto de 
Published: November 2024

O objetivo do artigo é apreender e refletir sobre como os portais de notícias G1 e a Gazeta do Povo enquadraram, administraram e organizaram, por intermédio do discurso jornalístico, as fotografias dos indígenas Yanomami em estado de desnutrição, registrados pela Urihi Associação Yanomami, oferecendo, assim, diferentes modos de inteligibilidade para o evento. Nossa problematização parte das perguntas condutoras: como e quais quadros de sentidos são convocados pelo G1 e pelo Jornal Gazeta do Povo, nas matérias de dezembro de 2022 e janeiro de 2023, para que as imagens dos indígenas, ao mesmo tempo, tivessem proeminência na encarnação discursiva do acontecimento e fossem os elementos interpretativos principais? Nossa fundamentação incorpora com os conceitos de “acontecimento” (Quéré, 2005; 2012), da noção de “enquadramento” (Goffman, 2012), do contexto na perspectiva pragmatista, além da noção de “discurso” (Charaudeau, 2013; Foucault, 2014). O movimento metodológico adotado é a individuação do acontecimento (Quéré, 2011).
Fotojornalismo: uma análise de três peças fotográficas premiadas
Authors: Moura Fernandes Flora Constance , Juvenal Freire de Oliveira Bernardina Maria 
Published: November 2024

Este trabalho aborda as relações simbólicas presentes em fotografias veiculadas em jornais, bem como a investigação dos significados que essas imagens expressam e a avaliação de seu valor estético. Para isso, serão considerados como objetos empíricos três registros fotográficos provenientes dos acervos de Francisco França, Mônica Câmara e Rizemberg Felipe. Nesta análise, recorremos ao caminho teórico-metodológico proposto por Kress e van Leeuwen, que se baseia na Gramática Visual, considerando seus aspectos representacionais, interativos e composicionais. Com os resultados obtidos, foi possível concluir que esses aspectos se constituem como mecanismo para a compreensão dos discursos que permeiam a representação de assuntos socialmente significativos nas imagens fotojornalísticas.
Palavras-chave: Fotojornalismo; Gramática Visual; Semiótica; Fotografia; Jornalismo.
Novas significações no ambiente jornalístico: o trabalho de fact-checking de agências brasileiras em meio à pandemia de covid-19
Authors: Vieira Marcus Vinicius de Souza , Da Silva Thalita , Gentilli Victor 
Published: November 2024

O artigo está centrado no fenômeno da infodemia em meio ao enfrentamento da pandemia de covid-19, num tempo marcado pelo fenômeno da pós-verdade. O objetivo é entender a dimensão da desinformação sobre a pandemia no Brasil, mediante análise do trabalho de checagem das agências Aos Fatos, Lupa, AFP Checamos, Projeto Comprova e G1 Fato ou Fake. Além da pesquisa bibliográfica, também foi realizado um levantamento das checagens publicadas entre 01 de agosto e 31 de outubro de 2020. A partir da coleta, fez-se uma análise de conteúdo considerando categorias metodológicas. Concluiu-se que as agências fazem um trabalho pelo qual há demanda, que abrange diversos formatos narrativos e os selos de classificação consolidam as agências como território de informações verídicas. Entretanto, a imprecisão das definições de verdade e o número de selos aplicados são indicativos de melhorias. Ademais, o volume de desinformação circulante reforça a necessidade de novas iniciativas.
Palavras-chave: Jornalismo digital; Fact-checking; Checagem de fatos; Fake News; Pós-verdade.
Parental Voices on Screen Time Guidelines in Early Childhood
Authors: Sandberg Helena , Sjöberg Ulrika , Sundin Ebba 
Published: November 2024

This article critically engages with the concept of screen time. We explore the screen time recommendations from the World Health Organization (WHO) and their application in the Swedish context. We also investigate the experiences and opinions on the recommendations and advice on screen time and screen media use in early childhood among parents of young children (0–3 yrs.) in Sweden. The study draws from qualitative semi-structured interviews during multiple home visits from a diverse sample of 16 families. Findings are discussed through the prism of the ‘moral economy’ of the household and the ‘social imaginaries’ underpinning this. We have identified two types of approaches to guidelines on screen time among parents, and based on our findings we recommend organizations in Sweden and beyond, to rethink and revise the current guidelines, including the WHO recommendations.
Article Review: The Role of Blood-sucking Insect Vectors in the Spread of Jembrana Disease in Bali Cattle
Authors: Sukoco Hendro , Irfan Muhammad , Agustina Agustina , Marsudi Marsudi , Susanti S Irma , Cahyani Annisa Putri , Wahyuni Sri , Siswanto Ferbian Milas 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT. Jembrana disease is a contagious disease in cattle and causes enormous economic losses for farmers. This disease, known as bovine lentivirus, was first reported in 1964 in Jembrana District. Jembrana disease specifically attacks Bali cattle at various ages. The cause of this disease is a lentivirus from the Retoviridae family. Jembrana disease transmission occurs by direct contact and is mediated by blood-sucking insect vectors. Not all blood-sucking insects can be vectors for Jembrana disease. Some blood-sucking insects capable of spreading Jembrana disease are Tabanus rubidus flies Culicoides sp mosquitoes, and Aedes lineatopennis, which act as mechanical vectors. As for the Boophilus microplus tick, it is suspected that it acts as a biological vector. Even after re-testing the tick, it could not prove its role as a biological vector for JDV. Prevention and control of this disease can be carried out by vaccination, biosecurity, biosafety, administration of vitamins, isolation of infected livestock, and control of blood-sucking insect vectors by administering insecticides to cages.