bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Planet Formation in Highly Inclined Binary Systems. II. Orbital Alignment and Planet Growth Boost in Intermediate Separation Binaries
Authors: Zhang Yapeng , Li Qingqin , Xie Ji-Wei , Zhou Ji-Lin , Liu Hui-Gen , Zhang Hui 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Stars are commonly formed in binary systems, which provide a natural laboratory for studying planet formation in extreme conditions. In our first paper (Paper I) of a series, we have shown that the intermediate stage—from planetesimals to planetary embryos/cores—of planet formation can proceed even in highly inclined binaries. Following Paper I, here we numerically study the late stage of terrestrial planet formation, i.e., from embryos to full planets, in binary systems of various orbital configurations. We identify an orbital alignment effect; namely, although an inclined binary generally misaligns the planetary orbits with respect to the spin axis of the primary host star (i.e., causing large obliquity), it could align the planetary orbits with respect to the binary orbit. Such an orbital alignment effect is caused by the combination of orbital differential precession and self-damping, and it is mostly significant in cases of intermediate binary separations, i.e., a

B
∼ 40–200 au for planet formation around 1 au from the primary stars. In such intermediate separation binaries, somewhat contrary to intuition, the binary companion can aid planet growth by having increased the rate of collisions, forming significantly more massive but fewer planets. On the other two ends, the companion is either too close, and thus plays a violently disruptive role, or too wide to have a significant effect on planet formation. Future observations that can discover more planet-bearing binary star systems and constrain their masses and 3D orbital motions will test our numerical findings.
Numerical General Relativistic MHD with Magnetically Polarized Matter
Authors: Pimentel Oscar M. , Lora-Clavijo F. D. , González Guillermo A. 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Magnetically polarized matter in astrophysical systems may be relevant in some magnetically dominated regions, for instance, in the funnel that is generated in some highly magnetized disk configurations where relativistic jets are thought to spread, or in pulsars where the fluids are subject to very intense magnetic fields. With the aim of dealing with magnetic media in the astrophysical context, we present for the first time the conservative form of the ideal general relativistic magnetohydrodynamics (GRMHD) equations with a non-zero magnetic polarization vector m

μ
. Then, we follow the Anile method to compute the eigenvalue structure in the case where the magnetic polarization is parallel to the magnetic field, and it is parameterized by the magnetic susceptibility χ

m
. This approximation allows us to describe diamagnetic fluids, for which χ

m
< 0, and paramagnetic fluids, for which χ

m
> 0. The theoretical results were implemented in the CAFE code to study the role of magnetic polarization in several one-dimensional Riemann problems. We found that independent of the initial condition, the first waves that appear in the numerical solutions are faster in diamagnetic materials than in paramagnetic ones. Moreover, the constant states between the waves change notably for different magnetic susceptibilities. All of these effects are more appreciable if the magnetic pressure is much higher than the fluid pressure. Additionally, with the aim of analyzing magnetic media in a strong gravitational field, we carry out for the first time a test of the magnetized Michel accretion of a magnetically polarized fluid. With this test, we found that the numerical solution is effectively maintained over time (t > 4000), and that the global convergence of the code is ≳2 for χ

m
≲ 0.005 for all magnetic field strengths β we considered. Finally, when χ

m
= 0.008 and β ≥ 10, the global convergence of the code is reduced to a value between the first and second orders.
A Long-lived Remnant Neutron Star after GW170817 Inferred from Its Associated Kilonova
Authors: Yu Yun-Wei , Liu Liang-Duan , Dai Zi-Gao 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
The successful joint observation of the gravitational wave (GW) event GW170817 and its multiwavelength electromagnetic counterparts enabled us to witness a definite merger event of two neutron stars (NSs) for the first time. This historical event confirms the origin of short-duration gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) and, in particular, identifies the theoretically predicted kilonova phenomenon that is powered by radioactive decays of r-process heavy elements. However, whether or not a long-lived remnant NS could be formed during this merger event remains unknown; though, such a central engine has been suggested by afterglow observations of some short-duration GRBs. By invoking this long-lived remnant NS, we propose a model of hybrid energy sources for the kilonova AT 2017gfo associated with GW170817. While the early emission of AT 2017gfo is still powered radioactively, as is usually suggested, its late emission is primarily caused by delayed energy injection from the remnant NS. In our model, only one single opacity is required and an intermediate value of κ ≃ 0.97 cm2 g−1 is revealed, which could be naturally provided by lanthanide-rich ejecta that are deeply ionized by the emission from a wind of the NS. These self-consistent results indicate that a long-lived remnant NS, which must have a very stiff equation of state, was formed during the merger event of GW170817. This provides a very stringent constraint on the strong interaction in nuclear-quark matter. It is further implied that such GW events could provide a probe of the early spin and magnetic evolutions of NSs, e.g., the burying of surface magnetic fields.
Critical Magnetic Field Strengths for Solar Coronal Plumes in Quiet Regions and Coronal Holes?
Authors: Avallone Ellis A. , Tiwari Sanjiv K. , Panesar Navdeep K. , Moore Ronald L. , Winebarger Amy 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Coronal plumes are bright magnetic funnels found in quiet regions (QRs) and coronal holes (CHs). They extend high into the solar corona and last from hours to days. The heating processes of plumes involve dynamics of the magnetic field at their base, but the processes themselves remain mysterious. Recent observations suggest that plume heating is a consequence of magnetic flux cancellation and/or convergence at the plume base. These studies suggest that the base flux in plumes is of mixed polarity, either obvious or hidden in Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO)/HMI data, but do not quantify it. To investigate the magnetic origins of plume heating, we select 10 unipolar network flux concentrations, four in CHs, four in QRs, and two that do not form a plume, and track plume luminosity in SDO/AIA 171 Å images along with the base flux in SDO/HMI magnetograms, over each flux concentration’s lifetime. We find that plume heating is triggered when convergence of the base flux surpasses a field strength of ∼200–600 G. The luminosity of both QR and CH plumes respond similarly to the field in the plume base, suggesting that the two have a common formation mechanism. Our examples of non-plume-forming flux concentrations, reaching field strengths of 200 G for a similar number of pixels as for a couple of our plumes, suggest that a critical field might be necessary to form a plume but is not sufficient for it, thus advocating for other mechanisms, e.g., flux cancellation due to hidden opposite-polarity field, at play.
The IBEX Ribbon and the Thickness of the Inner Heliosheath
Authors: Fuselier S. A. , Dayeh M. A. , Möbius E. 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
The dominant feature in global images of 1 keV heliospheric energetic neutral atom (ENA) emissions is the Interstellar Boundary Explorer Ribbon. Several mechanisms have been proposed for creating the Ribbon, including the so-called secondary ENA mechanism. Neutral solar wind that is generated inside the heliosphere through charge exchange with interstellar gas penetrates unimpeded into the outer heliosheath. Pickup ions are generated there, followed by a third charge exchange that forms 1 keV neutrals, which re-enter the heliosphere. The Ribbon is also observed at other energies, up to 6 keV and down to 0.2 keV, and thus far there has been little consideration of their sources. In the secondary ENA process, 0.2 keV ENAs originate from 0.2 keV ions in the inner heliosheath. Thus, the ratio of the Ribbon ENA flux at 0.2 and at 1 keV provides information on the sources of the original ion populations and ultimately on the relative sizes of the heliosphere and inner heliosheath. A simple one-dimensional model is constructed and a data-model comparison demonstrates how the different source regions of the Ribbon are exploited to estimate the thickness of the inner heliosheath in the direction of the Ribbon.
Two-sided-loop Jets Associated with Magnetic Reconnection between Emerging Loops and Twisted Filament Threads
Authors: Zheng Ruisheng , Chen Yao , Huang Zhenghua , Wang Bing , Song Hongqiang , Ning Hao 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Coronal jets are always produced by magnetic reconnection between emerging flux and pre-existing overlying magnetic fields. When the overlying field is vertical/oblique or horizontal, the coronal jet will appear as anemone type or two-sided-loop type. Most observational jets are of the anemone type, and only a few two-sided-loop jets have been reported. Using the high-quality data from New Vacuum Solar Telescope, Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, and Solar Dynamics Observatory, we present an example of two-sided-loop jets simultaneously observed in the chromosphere, transition region, and corona. The continuous emergence of magnetic flux brought in successively, the emergence of coronal loops and the slow rise of overlying horizontal filament threads. The following occurred sequentially: the deformation of the loops, the plasmoid ejection from the loop top, and pairs of loop brightenings and jets moving along the untwisting filament threads. All of the observational results indicate that magnetic reconnection exists between the emerging loops and the overlying horizontal filament threads, and it is the first example of two-sided-loop jets associated with ejected plasmoids and twisted overlying fields.
Homologous Large-amplitude Nonlinear Fast-mode Magnetosonic Waves Driven by Recurrent Coronal Jets
Authors: Shen Yuandeng , Liu Yu , Liu Ying D. , Su Jiangtao , Tang Zehao , Miao Yuhu 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
The detailed observational analysis of a homologous extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) wave event is presented to study the driving mechanism and the physical property of the EUV waves, combining high-resolution data taken by the Solar Dynamics Observatory and the Solar TErrestrial RElations Observatory. It is observed that four homologous EUV waves originated from the same active region AR11476 within about one hour, and the time separations between consecutive waves were of 8–20 minutes. The waves showed narrow arc-shaped wavefronts and propagated in the same direction along a large-scale transequatorial loop system at a speed of 648–712 km s−1 and a deceleration of 0.985–1.219 km s−2. The EUV waves were accompanied by weak flares, coronal jets, and radio type III bursts, in which the EUV waves were delayed with respect to the start times of the radio type III bursts and coronal jets about 2–13 and 4–9 minutes, respectively. Unlike in previous studies of homologous EUV waves, no coronal mass ejections were found in the present event. Based on the observational results and the close temporal and spatial relationships between the EUV waves and the coronal jets, for the first time, we propose that the observed homologous EUV waves were large-amplitude nonlinear fast-mode magnetosonic waves or shocks driven by the associated recurrent coronal jets and that they resemble the generation mechanism of a piston shock in a tube. In addition, it is found that the recurrent jets were tightly associated with the alternating flux cancellation and emergence in the eruption source region and radio type III bursts.
Otimização da extração sólido-líquido de compostos bioativos da casca de pitaya (Hylocereus polyrhizus)
Authors: Alves Ana Carolina Bastos , Monteiro Luciana Beckman , Pompeu Darly Rodrigues 
Published: July 2018

Os frutos de Hylocereus polyrhizus, também chamado de pitaya ou fruta do dragão, é uma fruta exótica e atrativa devido suas características sensoriais, aparência e coloração. Apresenta casca e polpa de coloração vermelha violácea, a qual é resultado da presença de um grupo de pigmentos chamados de betalaínas. Tanto as betalaínas quanto os outros compostos fenólicos contribuem para sua capacidade antioxidante. A casca da pitaya representa aproximadamente 20% da massa do fruto, o que gera um grande problema de descarte uma vez utilizada sua polpa. Entretanto, a casca da pitaya apresenta um grande potencial de aproveitamento para a extração de pigmentos, que apresentam comprovada capacidade antioxidante, a serem utilizados como corantes naturais na indústria de alimentos e cosmética. Então, neste trabalho apresenta-se a viabilidade da extração dos compostos bioativos (compostos fenólicos totais e betalaínas) da casca de pitaya (H. polyrhizus) através de planejamento fatorial do tipo 2k. Utilizou-se como variáveis independentes a proporção de ácido clorídrico (%), temperatura (ºC) e proporção de etanol (%). Os dados experimentais foram ajustados a um modelo linear de primeira ordem para descrever as variáveis resposta (concentração de compostos fenólicos totais e de betalaínas). Os resultados obtidos indicaram que a concentração de ácido clorídrico, a temperatura e a interação entre o primeiro e a proporção de etanol tiveram efeitos significativos nos teores de compostos fenólicos totais (p < 0,05). Para a concentração de betalaínas somente a temperatura de extração apresentou efeito significativo (p < 0,05). O modelo proposto para as respostas apresentou R2 > 0,81.
Pourquoi les inégalités de patrimoine sont-elles mieux tolérées que d’autres ?
Authors: Forsé Michel , Frénod Alexandra , Guibet Lafaye Caroline 
Published: July 2018

Les sondages, et notamment celui qui est étudié dans cet article, se succèdent pour montrer que les Français sont plus tolérants à l’égard des inégalités de patrimoine que vis-à-vis d’autres types d’inégalités, même lorsqu’elles sont aussi à caractère économique. Une enquête par entretiens semi-directifs auprès de trois générations de 35 lignées familiales (n = 105) a permis de mettre à jour trois logiques propres venant structurer les opinions sur la transmission patrimoniale : celle du libre agent, celle de l’égalité citoyenne et celle que l’on peut qualifier de familialiste. Quelle que soit cette logique, beaucoup d’interviewés soulignent aussi l’importance de la transmission culturelle et/ou affective. Il faut d’ailleurs noter que les membres d’une même lignée ont tendance à partager des opinions assez proches. Pour les niveaux plutôt faibles de patrimoine auxquels ils songent spontanément, ils manifestent une très forte aversion face à l’idée de taxer l’héritage, surtout s’il s’agit de la maison familiale. Pour des niveaux beaucoup plus élevés, une taxation importante n’est cette fois guère contestée.
Quels ingénieurs veut-on former aujourd’hui au Maroc ? Entre influences internationales et spécificités locales, un modèle en devenir
Authors: Gardelle Linda 
Published: July 2018

Cet article porte sur la formation des ingénieurs au Maroc dans un contexte d’internationalisation de l’enseignement supérieur et d’injonctions très fortes à l’innovation. Est analysée la manière dont les offres curriculaires marocaines sont influencées par les modèles venus d’ailleurs et comment et avec quels débats elles sont reconfigurées. Les résultats d’enquêtes menées sur le terrain entre 2015 et 2018 révèlent qu’une tendance originale se développe au Maroc, qui vise à concevoir une innovation « située », tournée vers les défis particuliers marocains, et plus largement africains.
Nouvelles données anthracologiques de la Champagne (Marne, Grand-Est) entre le Mésolithique et le second âge du Fer et leur implication pour l'histoire du pin sylvestre (Pinus sylvestris L.) dans la région entre le début et le milieu de l’Holocène
Authors: Bellavia Valentina , Doyen Élise , Wiethold Julian 
Published: July 2018

Les résultats des analyses anthracologiques
effectuées sur cinq sites archéologiques dans la Marne (région
Grand-Est, France), fouillés entre 2011 et 2014 par l’Institut
national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap), sont
présentés dans cet article. Il s’agit en grande partie de charbons de
bois issus de structures archéologiques en creux telles que des silos,
des fosses ou des puits, datés du Mésolithique à La Tène. L’analyse
microscopique des charbons de bois a permis de déterminer que les
essences exploitées par l’homme surtout comme combustible, étaient
essentiellement du pin et du chêne à feuillage caduc. Les résultats
anthracologiques obtenus ont révélé une présence importante de
charbons de Pinus sp./Pinus
type sylvestris. Le pin est le taxon
dominant au Mésolithique. Au Néolithique ancien, les pourcentages de
pin diminuent au profit de la chênaie mixte. Entre le Néolithique
moyen et le Bronze final, le pin est à nouveau l’espèce dominante
avant une nouvelle diminution durant le premier âge du Fer ; cette
baisse correspond à une nouvelle augmentation des chênes à feuillage
caduc et des autres composantes de la forêt mixte caducifoliée et
d’espèces de lisière. Enfin, le pin est encore le taxon dominant
jusqu’à La Tène finale (LT D). La persistance du pin dans la
composition des massifs forestiers semble être une particularité
régionale, car dans la plupart des autres régions, il a tendance à
fortement régresser dès le Préboréal (vers 8 600 av. J.-C.) au profit
des feuillus. Une comparaison des données anthracologiques avec des
données palynologiques acquises dans la région, nous aide à mieux
éclairer cette question concernant la persistance du pin sylvestre en
Champagne durant la Pré- et la Protohistoire et enrichit le débat
concernant son possible indigénat.
40 ans d’archéobotanique en France (1977-2017)
Authors: Leroyer Chantal , Marguerie Dominique , Zech-Matterne Véronique 
Published: July 2018

Les interactions que les communautés humaines
entretiennent avec le monde végétal, depuis la Préhistoire jusque la
période contemporaine, constituent le vaste champ d’investigation des
disciplines de l’archéobotanique, et le support de nombreuses
thématiques archéologiques et historiques. Nous présentons pour trois
d’entre elles : la palynologie, l’anthracologie et la carpologie, un
bilan synthétisant 40 ans de recherche en France, en déclinant
l’historique de ces disciplines, leurs objets d’étude et la diversité
de leurs applications, leurs principaux apports et leurs nouveaux
domaines exploratoires. La densité des informations recueillies, à
l’échelle du territoire métropolitain, autorise désormais des
approches relatives à des réseaux de diffusion ou à des aires de
répartition atteignant une dimension continentale aussi bien que des
observations très précises à l’échelle d’une station, ou d’une
micro-région. Ces développements appellent une multiplication des
approches combinant plusieurs disciplines (multiproxies et
multicontextes), la mise en place de bases de données et d’outils de
traitement sophistiqués, qui représentent un enjeu majeur des grands
projets collectifs présents et futurs.
Conjuguer singularité et conformité pour se positionner sur le marché international de l'urbain. Confluence et le renouvellement de l'image de Lyon
Authors: Adam Matthieu , Laffont Georges-Henry 
Published: July 2018

Pour attirer les investisseurs pour lesquels elles sont en concurrence sur le marché de l’urbain, les villes cherchent à se rendre désirables pour un capital national et mondial qui cherche des lieux où accroître sa rentabilité. Elles travaillent ainsi à améliorer leur image de marque. Pour ce faire, elles valorisent, d’un côté, leurs singularités – les caractères présents ou en cours d’élaboration qui les distinguent – et, de l’autre, leur conformité aux valeurs dominantes des discours sur les villes « qui comptent », soit au début du XXIe siècle être durables, belles, festives, patrimoniales, innovantes ou encore socialement mixtes. À l’image de Confluence à Lyon, les grands projets urbains et architecturaux sont aujourd’hui de précieux outils pour changer ou rénover l’image d’une ville en répondant à ce double objectif de conformité et de singularité. En analysant des entretiens avec les aménageurs, promoteurs, urbanistes et architectes de Confluence, nous montrons que le changement d’image et la mise en images, qui s’appuient sur le couple singularité/conformité, ont des conséquences sur la structure socio-spatiale de ce nouveau quartier et sur celui limitrophe de Sainte-Blandine. À la catégorie des habitants légitimés parce qu’ils correspondent à la population visée et s’approprient cette image autant qu’ils participent à la formuler, s’oppose celle de ceux qui sont exclus de cette image et dont la présence est in fine indésirable dans ce secteur de Lyon et, par extension, dans tout son centre-ville.
Tumor Dendritic Cells (DCs) Derived from Precursors of Conventional DCs Are Dispensable for Intratumor CTL Responses
Authors: Diao Jun , Gu Hongtao , Tang Michael , Zhao Jun , Cattral Mark S. 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
The success of adoptive CTL therapy for cancer depends on interactions between tumor-infiltrating CTLs and cancer cells as well as other cells and molecules in the tumor microenvironment. Tumor dendritic cells (DCs) comprise several subsets: CD103+CD11b− DC1 and CD11b+CD64− DC2, which originate from circulating precursors of conventional DCs, and CD11b+CD64+ DC3, which arise from monocytes. It remains controversial which of these subset(s) promotes intratumor CTL proliferation, expansion, and function. To address this issue, we used the Zbtb46-DTR–transgenic mouse model to selectively deplete DC1 and DC2 from tumors and lymphoid tissues. Wild-type and Zbtb46-DTR bone marrow chimeras were inoculated with B16 melanoma cells that express OVA and were treated with OT-1 CTLs. We found that depletion of DCs derived from precursors of conventional DCs in Zbtb46-DTR bone marrow chimeras abolished CTL proliferation and expansion in tumor-draining lymph nodes. By contrast, intratumor CTL accumulation, proliferation, and IFN-γ expression were unaffected by their absence. We found that adoptive cell therapy increases the frequency of monocyte-derived tumor DC3, which possess the capacity to cross-present tumor Ags and induce CTL proliferation. Our findings support the specialized roles of different DC subsets in the regulation of antitumor CTL responses.