bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Three-dimensional assessment of condylar position following orthognathic surgery using the centric relation bite and the ramal reference line
Authors: Lee Chang-Hyeon , Cho Seoung-Won , Kim Ju-Won , Ahn Hyo-Jung , Kim Young-Hee , Yang Byoung-Eun 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Orthognathic surgery (OGS) is a relatively common procedure for solving functional and aesthetic problems in facial and jaw areas in patients with dentofacial deformities. The positioning of the mandibular condylar segment during OGS has an impact on the surgical outcome. This study aimed to investigate the changes in the condyle-fossa relationship three dimensionally after OGS using the centric relation (CR) bite and the ramal reference line (RRL).
Thirty-two patients with skeletal malocclusion underwent OGS. Condylar repositioning was performed using the CR bite, as previously reported. A RRL was added to the existing method and used during the surgery. Cone-beam computed tomography scans were acquired at 4 time points. Sixty-four condyles were evaluated in the coronal, sagittal, and axial views. Two groups were created according to the amount of mandible setback (SB1 vs SB2), and another 2 groups were created according to the maxillary operation (1-jaw vs 2-jaw). Each was then compared at the 4 time points. Differences between the values before (T0) and a year after surgery (T3) were also investigated. The positions of the pogonion and the menton were examined at T2 and T3 for the simple evaluation of relapse.
The change in the condylar position was significant over a time-course (P < .001) but not between T0 and T3 (P > .05). Neither the setback amount nor the maxillary operation affected the positional change (P > .05). There were no significant changes between T2 and T3 in the relapse evaluation.
This condylar repositioning method using the CR bite and a RRL showed stable results after OGS. This method is noninvasive and cost-effective and can be easily performed even by an inexperienced surgeon because it reduces errors in repositioning the condyle during OGS.
Leptin mediates the relationship between fat mass and blood pressure
Authors: Fujita Yuki , Kouda Katsuyasu , Ohara Kumiko , Nakamura Harunobu , Iki Masayuki 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Animal studies have shown that leptin mediates the association between obesity and hypertension. However, only a few studies have assessed this relationship in population-based epidemiological studies. This study aimed to determine whether leptin mediates the relationship between body fat and blood pressure in school-aged children.
A cross-sectional survey was conducted among school-aged children in Hamamatsu, Japan. Body fat was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Height-normalized index of fat mass (fat mass index) was calculated by dividing fat mass by height squared. Serum leptin levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Multiple regression analysis was used to evaluate relationships between body fat, serum leptin levels, and blood pressure. The mediating effect of leptin on the association between body fat and blood pressure was assessed by causal mediation analysis and regression analysis.
Both fat mass index and leptin were significantly and positively associated with blood pressure. Fat mass index was also strongly associated with serum leptin levels. Body fat and blood pressure were no longer associated after adjusting for leptin. These findings suggest that the association between body fat and blood pressure is mediated by leptin. Of the total effect of fat mass index on blood pressure, the mediating effect of leptin accounted for 78.6% (P = .03) in boys and 42.2% (P = .11) in girls.
Our findings suggest that body fat is associated with blood pressure, and this association is mediated by leptin. Thus, leptin acts as a mediator that links body adiposity with blood pressure elevation in school-aged children.
The role of photobiomodulation when associated with microneedling in female pattern hair loss
Authors: da Silveira Suzana Polonca , Moita Sandra Rojas Urquizas , da Silva Silvia Vicente , Rodrigues Maria Fernanda Setúbal Destro , da Silva Daniela de Fátima Teixeira , Pavani Christiane 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
The female hair loss pattern was originally described as a synonym for androgenetic alopecia. It has been defined as progressive miniaturizations of the hair follicles, with a great impact on the quality of life of affected patients, causing significant psychosocial limitations. It was recently proven that photobiomodulation is a safe and effective way to treat the different types of hair loss. It was also known that microneedling is a minimally invasive dermatological procedure that is applied to a wide range of dermatological conditions, including androgenic alopecia, telogen effluvium, as well as other facial and bodily conditions.

Goal:
The aim of this study is to verify if there is an increase in the capillary density of strands of hair, when combining 660 nm red laser photobiomodulation and microneedling in addressing female pattern hair loss (FPHL).

Methods:
There will be 66 patients divided into 3 treatment groups. G1: microneedling and 660 nm red laser photobiomodulation sham; G2: 660 nm red laser photobiomodulation and microneedling sham; G3: microneedling and 660 nm red laser photobiomodulation. The treatment will consist in 36 sessions, 3 times a week for 3 consecutive months, with an insertion of microneedling every 30 days. The patients and the researchers will be blinded. The patients will be evaluated before, during, and after the treatments, by digital photography and the trichoscopy method (dermoscopic imaging of the scalp and hair).

Expected Results:
It is expected that differences will be found in the growth rates of a strand of hair in mm/d, in the density of a strand of hair in n/cm2, in the diameter of a strand of hair, as well as in the anagen/telogen ratio.

Ethics and dissemination:
This protocol was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Nove de Julho University, São Paulo, Brazil, on the date of November 28, 2018 (CAAE: 01381718.0.0000.5511 - Acceptance Number: 3044061). This trial has been registered with the Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials (REBEC TRIAL RBR-76VCCV). This study is not yet recruiting. Issue date: February 20, 2019.
Association between interleukin-17A/F single nucleotide polymorphisms and susceptibility to osteoarthritis in a Chinese population
Authors: Jiang Lifeng , Zhou Xindie , Xiong Yan , Bao Jiapeng , Xu Kai , Wu Lidong 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Interleukin-17A/F (IL-17A/F) might play a role in the pathophysiology of osteoarthritis (OA), but several studies exploring the association between IL-17A/F single nucleotide polymorphisms and OA in different populations present inconsistent results. Thus, this case–control study, involving 410 OA cases and 507 controls, was aimed to investigate such association in a Chinese population. Genotyping was performed using standard polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism. It was found that AA genotype or A allele carriers of IL-17A gene rs2275913 polymorphism were associated with OA susceptibility. Stratified analyses showed IL-17A rs2275913 polymorphism was evidently associated with a significantly increased risk for OA among males, <60 years old patients, smokers, and drinkers. No significant association was observed between IL-17F gene rs763780 polymorphism and OA risk. In conclusion, IL-17A rs2275913 polymorphism is involved in the development of OA in Chinese Han population. This finding should be confirmed by a larger study from diverse ethnic populations.
Association between RUNX3 gene polymorphisms in severe preeclampsia and its clinical features
Authors: Zhang Yanping , Wang Tao , Jia Jin , Cao Wen , Ye Lei , Wang Yanyun , Zhou Bin , Zhou Rong 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Preeclampsia is a complex genetic disorder and its pathogenesis remains to be investigated. Single nucleotide polymorphisms serve important roles in genetic predisposition. The present study aimed to explore the association between runt-related transcription factor 3 (RUNX3) gene polymorphisms in severe preeclampsia (SPE) and clinical features.
A total of 417 participants were enrolled in the present study. The rs2236852, rs7528484 and rs760805 polymorphisms of the RUNX3 gene were tested using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. Clinical information of patients and controls was collected. Relationship between clinical feature and different genotype was analyzed.
Compared with rs2236852 GG genotype carriers, the odds ratios (OR) for the risk of SPE were 2.26 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.24–4.12; P = .023] in AA genotype carriers. A significantly increased risk of SPE was associated with AG/AA genotypes compared with GG genotypes (OR, 1.74; 95% CI, 1.11–2.75; P = .015). AA homozygote carriers with SPE exhibited lower birth weight, shorter birth length and reduced incidence of hypoproteinemia compared with AG heterozygote carriers (P <.05). A significantly increased risk of SPE was determined to be associated with the rs7528484 CC genotype in codominant and recessive models (CC vs TT: OR, 3.70, 95% CI, 1.31–10.43, P = .01; CC vs TT/TC: OR, 3.98, 95% CI, 1.46–10.87, P = .003). Patients carrying C-allele (TC + CC) presented increased systolic pressure and an increased incidence of neonatal pneumonia compared with TT homozygote carriers (P <.05). Compared with rs760805 TT homozygote carriers, patients carrying AA homozygote exhibited significantly reduced 24 hours urinary protein levels, lower serum creatinine concentrations and a decreased incidence of neonatal asphyxia (P <.05).
The present study suggested a genetic association between RUNX3 gene polymorphisms and SPE. The data provided a novel insight to guide future investigations.
Detection of Rectal Chlamydia trachomatis in Heterosexual Men Who Report Cunnilingus
Authors: Batteiger Teresa A. , Jordan Stephen J. , Toh Evelyn , Fortenberry Lora , Williams James A. , LaPradd Michelle , Katz Barry , Fortenberry J. Dennis , Dodge Brian , Arno Janet , Batteiger Byron E. , Nelson David E. 
Published: March 2019

Background
Rectal infection with Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) is frequent in women who deny receptive anal sex and is thought to arise from autoinoculation of the rectum from vaginal secretions. An alternate hypothesis is that oral sex inoculates and establishes gastrointestinal tract infection. Distinguishing these hypotheses is difficult in women. In men, autoinoculation is unlikely and heterosexual men frequently perform oral sex, but rarely participate in receptive anal exposure behaviors.

Methods
We enrolled high-risk men with and without nongonococcal urethritis who presented to a sexually transmitted infection clinic in Indianapolis, Indiana. Urine and rectal swabs were collected and tested for urogenital and rectal CT, Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG), and Mycoplasma genitalium (MG). Men completed surveys concerning symptoms, sexual orientation, and detailed recent and lifetime oral and anal sexual behaviors.

Results
Rectal CT was detected in 2/84 (2.4%) heterosexual men who reported cunnilingus, but no lifetime receptive anal behaviors. All of the men who denied receptive anal behaviors were negative for rectal NG and MG. In homosexual and bisexual men, rectal CT prevalence was high (9.7%), and rectal NG (4.8%) and MG (4.8%) were also detected.

Conclusions
We detected rectal CT infections in heterosexual men who reported cunnilingus but denied receptive anal behaviors. Oral sex may be a risk factor for rectal CT infection via oral inoculation of the gastrointestinal tract.
Treatment According to a Comprehensive Molecular Profiling Can Lead to a Better Outcome in Heavily Pretreated Patients With Metastatic Cancer
Authors: Seeber Andreas , Chahine Georges , Nasr Fadi , Dean Andrew , Miranova Mira , Jameson Gayle , Robert Nicholas , Gastl Guenther , Zwierzina Heinz 
Published: March 2019

Purpose
Improvements in systemic treatment have led to a prolongation of survival and quality of life in patients with metastatic tumors in recent years. However, despite this improved standard of care, it is expected that the progression-free survival (PFS) for patients with refractory cancers will continue to decline over subsequent therapy lines. In those patients, studies and meta-analyses showed that treatment based on multiplatform molecular profiling (MMP) of tumor tissue may derive a clinical benefit. The aim of this study was to analyze if molecular-based therapy may prolong PFS compared with the PFS of the immediately prior therapy.

Methods
We pooled clinical data of 140 patients treated within 3 recently conducted pilot studies and included an additional 21 patients who were treated within the ongoing ONCO-T-PROFILE program. The PFS of the molecular-based treatment was compared with the PFS of the previous therapy using Kaplan-Meier curves.

Results
In heavily pretreated cancer patients, the PFS could be significantly improved using molecular-based treatment options (120.0 vs. 89.5 days). More than 50% of patients showed a clinical benefit from MMP-guided therapy as defined by a PFS ratio of 1.3 or greater.

Conclusions
We conclude that pretreated cancer patients can benefit from incorporation of molecular profiling, as demonstrated by not only an increase of the PFS ratio but also PFS. Further randomized trials in specific tumor subtypes may help establish specific patient populations who might benefit most from MMP guidance.
Repurposing Drugs for Cancer Radiotherapy
Authors: Khan Mohammad K. , Nasti Tahseen H. , Buchwald Zachary S. , Weichselbaum Ralph R. , Kron Stephen J. 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
It has long been recognized that combining radiotherapy with cytotoxic drugs such as cisplatin can improve efficacy. However, while concurrent chemoradiotherapy improves patient outcomes, it comes at costs of increased toxicity. A tremendous opportunity remains to investigate drug combinations in the clinical setting that might increase the benefits of radiation without additional toxicity. This chapter highlights opportunities to apply repurposing of drugs along with a mechanistic understanding of radiation effects on cancer and normal tissue to discover new therapy-modifying drugs and help rapidly translate them to the clinic. We survey candidate radiosensitizers that alter DNA repair, decrease hypoxia, block tumor survival signaling, modify tumor metabolism, block growth factor signaling, slow tumor invasiveness, impair angiogenesis, or stimulate antitumor immunity. Promising agents include widely used drugs such as aspirin, metformin, and statins, offering the potential to improve outcomes, decrease radiation doses, and lower costs. Many other candidate drugs are also discussed.
Factors Associated With Disease Damage in Puerto Ricans With Primary Sjögren Syndrome
Authors: Jordán-González Patricia , Gago-Piñero Ricardo , Vázquez-Sanabria Irma , Pérez-Ríos Naydi , Vilá Luis M. 
Published: March 2019

Objective
The aim of this study was to determine the association of demographic parameters, clinical manifestations, disease activity, and pharmacologic therapy with disease damage in a group of Puerto Ricans with primary Sjögren syndrome (pSS).

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted in 100 Hispanics of Puerto Rico with pSS. Patients were 21 years or older and fulfilled the 2012 American College of Rheumatology classification criteria for pSS. Demographic factors, lifestyle behaviors, extraglandular manifestations, serologic tests, comorbidities, pharmacologic therapy, disease activity (per European League Against Rheumatism Sjögren Syndrome Disease Activity Index), and disease damage (per Sjögren Syndrome Disease Damage Index [SSDDI]) were assessed. Patients with disease damage (SSDDI ≥1) and without damage (SSDDI = 0) were compared using bivariate analysis and multivariate regression analysis adjusted for age, sex, and disease duration.

Results
The mean age of patients was 52.8 years; 94% were women. The mean disease duration was 5.9 years. Thirty-nine patients had disease damage. Disease damage was mainly attributed to pulmonary fibrosis and peripheral neuropathy. In the bivariate analysis, disease damage was associated with low C3 and C4, coronary artery disease, infections, and higher activity index and was more frequently treated corticosteroids and azathioprine. In the multivariate analysis, low C3, disease activity, and corticosteroid exposure retained significance.

Conclusions
In this population of Puerto Ricans with pSS, C3 and C4 hypocomplementemia, coronary artery disease, infections, and exposure to corticosteroids and azathioprine were associated with damage accrual. Clinicians should be aware of these factors to identify those who may require close follow-up and early therapeutic intervention.
Number of Excised Lymph Nodes Has No Impact on Relapse and Survival in Patients With Stage III Melanoma
Authors: Tas Faruk , Erturk Kayhan 
Published: March 2019

Background
Even though both the involvement of regional lymph nodes and the number of metastatic lymph nodes are regarded as major determinants of survival in cutaneous melanoma, the extent of node dissection has been analyzed as an independent prognostic indicator in only a few studies. This study aims to determine how the extent of lymph node excision (EN) might predict the disease relapse and survival in melanoma.

Methods
A total of 317 patients with stage III melanoma were included in the study and reviewed retrospectively. The patients were divided into 2 groups based on the number of the excised lymph nodes: EN1 for fewer than 10 and EN2 for 10 or more lymph nodes removed.

Results
The median number of positive nodes was 1 (range, 1–32). The largest group was N1 (52.4%), which was followed by N2 (29.6%) and N3 (18%). The median number of EN was 13 (range, 1–73). The patients were allocated to EN1 and EN2 as follows: 31.9% and 68.1%, respectively. The rates of EN2 patients were 62.2%, 72.2%, and 78.2% in N1, N2, and N3, respectively. For all patients, the estimated 5- and 10-year relapse-free survival rates were 41% and 39%, respectively; and the estimated 5- and 10-year overall survival rates were 51% and 42%, respectively. Extension of lymph node excision was found to be not prognostic for relapse and survival (P = 0.55 and P = 0.88, respectively).

Conclusions
Extension of lymph node excision has no impact on relapse and survival of stage III cutaneous melanomas.
Rosai-Dorfman Disease
Authors: Karami Reem , Ghieh Fadi , Baroud Joe , Abu Sittah Ghassan 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD), also known as sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy, is a rare and benign proliferative disease that affects histiocytes. Its etiology remains unclear. Rosai-Dorfman disease primarily affects lymph nodes with many extranodal manifestations present, including cutaneous, pulmonary, ophthalmic, and gastrointestinal. Diagnosis is mainly histologic with the presence of Rosai-Dorfman cells, which demonstrate emperipolesis. We report a case of a 30-year-old man who presented with a facial cutaneous mass and was diagnosed with RDD; he underwent surgical excision. The patient experienced recurrent lesions on the surgical scar and parotid gland as well as the lower back. Treatment consisted of systemic steroids and surgical excision.
Malignant Phyllodes Tumor Recurrence in the Pleural Cavity via the Deep Inferior Epigastric Perforator Flap and Internal Mammary Vessel Bundle
Authors: Fang Chien-Liang , Hsu Chin-Hao , Tu Chin-Wen 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
We report a rare case that after rapid recurrence there was pathological transition from a fibroadenoma and benign phyllodes tumor to borderline and malignant phyllodes tumor. Another rare finding included tumor dissemination in the pleural cavity via reconstructed deep inferior epigastric perforator flap edge and internal mammary vessel bundle. Hence, we eliminated the use of internal mammary vessel bundle as the recipient vessel for free-flap reconstruction to avoid recurrence in the pleural cavity. Remarkably, we achieved successful reconstruction of 2 huge defects (reconstruction of breast following mastectomy and that of chest wall following en bloc excision of recurrence) using 2 different free flaps.
The Cost to Attending Surgeons of Resident Involvement in Academic Hand Surgery
Authors: Zhu William Y. , Beletsky Alexander , Kordahi Anthony , Reid Chris M. , Brandel Michael G. , Suliman Ahmed , Herrera Fernando A. 
Published: March 2019

Purpose
For many types of surgical cases, there is an increase in length with the participation of a resident physician. The lost operative time productivity is not necessarily mitigated in any fashion other than to benefit the experience of the trainee. Moreover, increasing pressures to maximize productivity, coupled with diminishing reimbursements serve to disincentive resident involvement. The aim of this study was to examine the opportunity cost in the academic setting for intraoperative resident participation during specific hand surgery cases.

Methods
Retrospective analysis was performed on the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Project (NSQIP) database from 2006 to 2015. Cases were identified by Current Procedural Terminology code to isolate distal radius fracture repairs, carpal tunnel releases, scaphoid fractures repairs, and metacarpal fracture repairs. Variables collected included operation time, presence or absence of resident physician, and postgraduate year level. Statistical analysis was performed using the statistical computing software R 3.4.2 (R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria). Cost analysis was performed to quantify the effect of operative times in terms of relative value units (RVUs) lost.

Results
A total of 3727 cases were identified. Of those, 1264 cases were performed with a resident present. Residents participated in cases with higher total RVU (14.91 vs 13.16, P < 0.001). There was a statistically significant increase of 24.3 minutes (P < 0.001) in the mean operation time with a resident present as compared with those without. Moreover, RVU per hour in resident cases was significantly lower by 2.97 RVU per hour or 21% (P < 0.001). Using the late 2018 Medicare physician conversion factor of US $33.9996, the opportunity cost to attending physicians is US $159.20 per case.

Conclusions
Resident participation in surgical cases is paramount to the education of future trainees, particularly in the era of trainee duty hour reform. Because residents are participating in higher total RVU cases, this selection bias may be playing a role in explaining our result. Nonetheless, resident involvement for certain procedures comes at an opportunity cost to faculty surgeons. How to balance the cost to train residents in the emerging value-based health systems will prove to be challenging but requires consideration.