bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sistematización de las experiencias del curso en línea "Nuevas tecnologías y Terapia Ocupacional": Nuevas competencias para la Terapia Ocupacional
Authors: Fagnilli G. Jaime , Farias V. Lisette 
Published: April 2018

Este articulo sistematiza diferentes aspectos del desarrollo, implementación y resultados del curso "Las Nuevas Tecnologías y Terapia Ocupacional", el primer curso on-line en Chile, creado por REHABCHILE, orientado a estudiantes y Terapeutas Ocupacionales. Este curso tuvo como propósito que los participantes pudiesen aprender acerca de lo que actualmente se conoce como Tecnologías de Información y Comunicación, y explorar sus posibles usos a través de actividades grupales, relacionadas con el quehacer de la Terapia Ocupacional. La metodología de enseñanza utilizada en este curso fue el "Aprendizaje Colaborativo" y el modo de trabajo fue on-line. El curso tuvo una duración de 5 meses, constó con tres módulos de trabajo y 21 participantes, los cuales se dividieron en cinco grupos. Los resultados de éste curso muestran un grado de satisfacción positivo de los participantes con la modalidad de trabajo utilizado y con las herramientas tecnológicas exploradas. Además, los resultados de este curso demuestran que existe un número creciente de profesionales y estudiantes que están interesados en conocer los usos y beneficios de las nuevas tecnologías en el contexto de la Terapia Ocupacional. En conclusión, la sociedad está siendo testigo de una nueva era de la información y la comunicación, la cual está influyendo decisivamente en las actividades de la vida diaria de miles de personas. Es por esto que la Terapia Ocupacional debe acercarse a las nuevas tecnologías para evaluar las oportunidades que estas ofrecen para facilitar el debate, la construcción del conocimiento y el desarrollo profesional, lo más pronto posible.
Forma, función y significado de la conducción de automóviles en un grupo de adultos mayores residentes en Santiago de Chile.
Authors: Gajardo Jean , Cifuentes Diego 
Published: April 2018

Propósito: El objetivo de este trabajo fue indagar en características de la forma, función y significado de la conducción de automóviles en un grupo de adultos mayores residentes en la ciudad de Santiago de Chile, en el año 2011, a partir de sus experiencias y percepciones. Metodología: Bajo un paradigma naturalista interpretativo se realizó una entrevista en profundidad a siete participantes; luego la información fue analizada con un enfoque de teoría fundamentada por medio de comparación constante, y generando categorías con hallazgos/temas principales. Resultados: En el grupo estudiado, la conducción presentaba una forma condicionada por factores atribuibles al envejecimiento tales como declive visual, perceptual y cognitivo, y por el contexto físico y social. La función de la conducción emergió como medio facilitador de actividades instrumentales de la vida diaria y tiempo libre; y el significado de la conducción emergió como prioritario debido a su vinculación con la autonomía, la independencia y la continuidad biográfica al permitir la mantención de roles que eran importantes para los participantes. Conclusiones: Este trabajo posiciona la conducción de automóviles como una ocupación cuya forma, función y significado, contribuirían de manera importante al bienestar de los adultos mayores y releva información a considerar en los contextos de atención de Terapia Ocupacional para adultos mayores.
Explorando la participación ocupacional en niños con epidermólisis bullosa integrados al sistema educacional chileno.
Authors: Aubert Javiera , Berenguer Lorena , Cofré María Jesús , Leyton Catalina , González Alejandra , Sepúlveda Rodrigo 
Published: April 2018

El presente estudio explora la participación ocupacional en el área de educación de niños con Epidermólisis Bullosa (E.B.) en sus tipos distrófica y de la unión, los cuales, dada su condición de salud general son considerados como estudiantes con necesidades educativas especiales (NEE). Con el objetivo de conocer si la integración es satisfactoria y cuenta con los apoyos necesarios, se realiza mediante un estudio de tipo exploratorio cualitativo, un análisis de tres casos según criterios de inclusión establecidos. A través de un análisis pragmático de los datos obtenidos durante el trabajo de campo se realiza el perfil ocupacional inicial del niño (S.C.O.P.E.), instrumento propio del Modelo de Ocupación Humana, desprendiéndose de éste conclusiones, que se estructuran en base al mismo modelo. La importancia y relevancia de estudiar esta temática está dada por la pertinencia de la intervención y el aporte que la Terapia Ocupacional puede brindar a las personas con E.B., que si bien desde el punto de vista epidemiológico tiene una baja incidencia en la población general, quienes la padecen requieren de un abordaje multidisciplinar e integral, dado por la complejidad de la condición de salud y el impacto que esta provoca en todas las áreas de la ocupación.
Cuerpo, discapacidad y prácticas institucionales: Una visión crítica de su evolución histórica en Chile
Authors: Gutiérrez Pamela 
Published: April 2018

Desde una perspectiva genealógica, esta investigación aborda dos momentos históricos, cuyo objetivo es figurar diferentes tra- tamientos de cuerpos y contextos de personas con discapacidad en la institucionalidad chilena. El primero tiene relación con la normalización de lo corporal como fuerza de trabajo y la consolidación del modelo médico/rehabilitador de la discapacidad en la política médico legal, de 1920 a 1940. En dicho estudio de caso, la intervención se centró, sobre el cuerpo en relación a su ser productivo. El segundo estudio de caso, concierne a la configuración corporal mediática de la discapacidad infantilizada y trágica, estableciendo la asistencia privada y caritativa de la discapacidad, entre 1940 a 1950, se trató de la discapacidad asociada a una economía de imágenes de vulnerabilidad con primacía del cuerpo infantil.
La metodología se desarrolla en base a estudios de casos cualitativos, que a partir de la revisión de bibliografía, prensa y archivos, se realiza un análisis descriptivo e interpretativo crítico de los datos.
Se expresan como resultados la actual coexistencia de modelos corporales/institucionales. Esta revisión permite una reflexión crítica de la intervención psicosocial hacia las personas en situación de discapacidad a la luz de las configuraciones institucionales y sus efectos en las prácticas interventivas.
La casa de los sueños: ocupación, actividad transgresora y construcción de identidad
Authors: Cifuentes Rocío , Molina Paulina , Moya Paula , Palacios Mónica 
Published: April 2018

El estudio pretende comprender cómo los niños que han transgredido la ley, vinculan su contexto social y ámbitos contextuales a sus actividades significativas, entre ellas la actividad transgresora, como elementos constructores de su identidad y cotidia- nidad, desde un enfoque socio-histórico. El foco de investigación, fueron niños5 que se encuentran en régimen residencial en el Centro de Reparación Especializada de Atención Directa (CREAD-Pudahuel), específicamente en la casa “De los Sueños”.6 La metodología utilizada fue cualitativa con alcance exploratorio, descriptivo analítico. La recopilación de información se realizó mediante entrevistas semi-estructuradas a profesionales y niños cuyas edades fluctúan entre 10 y 14 años. Complementado con observación participante por medio de juego grupal con los niños El análisis de datos se realizó siguiendo la Teoría Fundamentada propuesta por Glaser y Struss (Glaser, 1967).
Los resultados aluden a que la significación positiva de la actividad transgresora es facilitada por distintos contextos. Donde las ocupaciones están determinadas por las oportunidades, las características de estos ámbitos y por la vivencia de logro y autoefica- cia experimentadas en dichas ocupaciones. Es así, como estas promueven la construcción de identidad en torno a la ocupación realizada y como esta favorece su participación e inclusión social.
Lo anterior plantea desafíos para Terapia Ocupacional en tanto pueda plantear cambios contextuales que favorezcan mayores posibilidades a los niños y alternativas a la ocupación transgresora.
Tungsten‐Based Materials for Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Zheng Mingbo , Tang Hao , Hu Qin , Zheng Shasha , Li Lulu , Xu Jing , Pang Huan 
Published: April 2018

AbstractLithium‐ion batteries are widely used as reliable electrochemical energy storage devices due to their high energy density and excellent cycling performance. The search for anode materials with excellent electrochemical performances remains critical to the further development of lithium‐ion batteries. Tungsten‐based materials are receiving considerable attention as promising anode materials for lithium‐ion batteries owing to their high intrinsic density and rich framework diversity. This review describes the advances of exploratory research on tungsten‐based materials (tungsten oxide, tungsten sulfide, tungsten diselenide, and their composites) in lithium‐ion batteries, including synthesis methods, microstructures, and electrochemical performance. Some personal prospects for the further development of this field are also proposed.
Controlled Homoepitaxial Growth of Hybrid Perovskites
Authors: Lei Yusheng , Chen Yimu , Gu Yue , Wang Chunfeng , Huang Zhenlong , Qian Haoliang , Nie Jiuyuan , Hollett Geoff , Choi Woojin , Yu Yugang , Kim NamHeon , Wang Chonghe , Zhang Tianjiao , Hu Hongjie , Zhang Yunxi , Li Xiaoshi , Li Yang , Shi Wanjun , Liu Zhaowei , Sailor Michael J. , Dong Lin , Lo Yu‐Hwa , Luo Jian , Xu Sheng 
Published: April 2018

AbstractOrganic–inorganic hybrid perovskites have demonstrated tremendous potential for the next‐generation electronic and optoelectronic devices due to their remarkable carrier dynamics. Current studies are focusing on polycrystals, since controlled growth of device compatible single crystals is extremely challenging. Here, the first chemical epitaxial growth of single crystal CH3NH3PbBr3 with controlled locations, morphologies, and orientations, using combined strategies of advanced microfabrication, homoepitaxy, and low temperature solution method is reported. The growth is found to follow a layer‐by‐layer model. A light emitting diode array, with each CH3NH3PbBr3 crystal as a single pixel, with enhanced quantum efficiencies than its polycrystalline counterparts is demonstrated.
In Situ Encapsulating α‐MnS into N,S‐Codoped Nanotube‐Like Carbon as Advanced Anode Material: α → β Phase Transition Promoted Cycling Stability and Superior Li/Na‐Storage Performance in Half/Full Cells
Authors: Liu Dai‐Huo , Li Wen‐Hao , Zheng Yan‐Ping , Cui Zheng , Yan Xin , Liu Dao‐Sheng , Wang Jiawei , Zhang Yu , Lü Hong‐Yan , Bai Feng‐Yang , Guo Jin‐Zhi , Wu Xing‐Long 
Published: April 2018

AbstractIncorporation of N,S‐codoped nanotube‐like carbon (N,S‐NTC) can endow electrode materials with superior electrochemical properties owing to the unique nanoarchitecture and improved kinetics. Herein, α‐MnS nanoparticles (NPs) are in situ encapsulated into N,S‐NTC, preparing an advanced anode material (α‐MnS@N,S‐NTC) for lithium‐ion/sodium‐ion batteries (LIBs/SIBs). It is for the first time revealed that electrochemical α → β phase transition of MnS NPs during the 1st cycle effectively promotes Li‐storage properties, which is deduced by the studies of ex situ X‐ray diffraction/high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy and electrode kinetics. As a result, the optimized α‐MnS@N,S‐NTC electrode delivers a high Li‐storage capacity (1415 mA h g−1 at 50 mA g−1), excellent rate capability (430 mA h g−1 at 10 A g−1), and long‐term cycling stability (no obvious capacity decay over 5000 cycles at 1 A g−1) with retained morphology. In addition, the N,S‐NTC‐based encapsulation plays the key roles on enhancing the electrochemical properties due to its high conductivity and unique 1D nanoarchitecture with excellent protective effects to active MnS NPs. Furthermore, α‐MnS@N,S‐NTC also delivers high Na‐storage capacity (536 mA h g−1 at 50 mA g−1) without the occurrence of such α → β phase transition and excellent full‐cell performances as coupling with commercial LiFePO4 and LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 cathodes in LIBs as well as Na3V2(PO4)2O2F cathode in SIBs.
Porous Graphene Films with Unprecedented Elastomeric Scaffold‐Like Folding Behavior for Foldable Energy Storage Devices
Authors: Huang Ruling , Huang Meiling , Li Xiaofeng , An Fei , Koratkar Nikhil , Yu Zhong‐Zhen 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe development of fully foldable energy storage devices is a major science and engineering challenge, but one that must be overcome if next‐generation foldable or wearable electronic devices are to be realized. To overcome this challenge, it is necessary to develop new electrically conductive materials that exhibit superflexibility and can be folded or crumpled without plastic deformation or damage. Herein, a graphene film with engineered microvoids is prepared by reduction (under confinement) of its precursor graphene oxide film. The resultant porous graphene film can be single folded, double folded, and even crumpled, but springs back to its original shape without yielding or plastic deformation akin to an elastomeric scaffold after the applied stress is removed. Even after thermal annealing at ≈1300 °C, the folding performance of the porous graphene film is not compromised and the thermally annealed film exhibits complete foldability even in liquid nitrogen. A solid‐state foldable supercapacitor is demonstrated with the porous graphene film as the device electrode. The capacitance performance is nearly identical after 2000 cycles of single‐folding followed by another 2000 cycles of double folding.
Fabrication of a Waterborne Durable Superhydrophobic Material Functioning in Air and under Oil
Authors: Baidya Avijit , Das Sarit Kumar , Ras Robin H. A. , Pradeep Thalappil 
Published: April 2018

AbstractA fundamental challenge in artificially structured/ chemically modified superhydrophobic surfaces is their poor chemical, mechanical, and structural robustness toward different mechanical abrasions. This limits their application potential in different fields of science and technology. Herein, a waterborne superhydrophobic material composed of clay particles is developed through a one‐pot chemical modification in ambient conditions, forming durable micro‐nano dual‐structured coatings over a range of substrates, without adhesive. This chemical modification inverts the inherent hydrophilic nature of clay particles and provides an excellent superhydrophobic surface having a water contact angle >170° (±2°) and contact angle hysteresis <5° (±2°). The coating shows excellent durability against various induced damages and works efficiently both in air and within oils. The observed property is due to the controlled surface energy obtained by the incorporated chemical functionalities and enhanced surface roughness facilitated by the hydrophobic effect during slow evaporation of water from the coating material. Being a stable water dispersion, it enables large area coatings, thereby minimizing safety and environmental concerns. Use of this material to develop rugged waterproof‐paper for paper‐based technologies is also demonstrated. As clay is commercially available and economical, it is believed, this scalable organic‐solvent‐free superhydrophobic material will have a positive impact on various industries.
Carbonized Bamboo‐Derived Carbon Nanodots as Efficient Cathode Interfacial Layers in High‐Performance Organic Photovoltaics
Authors: Juang Tzong‐Yuan , Kao Jui‐Chih , Wang Jian‐Cheng , Hsu Shuo‐Yen , Chen Chih‐Ping 
Published: April 2018

AbstractIn this study, water‐dispersed carbonized bamboo‐derived carbon nanodot (CND) is prepared through thermal dissociation followed by aqueous extraction. The CND exhibits high photoluminescence with a value of λem of 430 nm and a fluorescence quantum yield of 4.2%, a particle size of ≈3–5 nm, and presents both COOH and OH functionalities. The CND serves as cathode interfacial layer that efficiently increases the power conversion efficiencies of both fullerene‐ and nonfullerene‐based organic photovoltaics (OPVs). Embedding the CND alters the work function and surface roughness of the ZnO layer and, thereby, affects the morphologies of the active layers as well as the charge selectivity and transportation. The resulting increases in electron transport and extraction of the OPV devices lead to increases in the fill factor (FF) and short‐circuit current density (Jsc). The greatest OPV performance is that of a poly[4,8‐bis(5‐(2‐ethylhexyl)thien‐2‐yl)benzo[1,2‐b:4,5‐b′‐dithiophene‐co‐3‐fluorothieno[3,4‐b]thiophene‐2‐carboxylate]:phenyl‐C71‐butyric acid methyl ester device incorporating the CND—the PCE is 9.6% and the FF is a remarkable 72.8%.
Vanadium Pentoxide with H2O, K+, and Na+ Spacer between Layered Nanostructures for High‐Performance Symmetric Electrochemical Capacitors
Authors: Manikandan Ramu , Raj Chellan Justin , Rajesh Murugesan , Kim Byung Chul , Park Seungil , Yu Kook Hyun 
Published: April 2018

AbstractVanadium oxide 2D layered nanostructures with the hydrous form of potassium (K+) and sodium (Na+) are synthesized via hydrothermal reaction between VOSO4 · xH2O and different persulfate oxidants ((NH4)2S2O8, K2S2O8, and Na2S2O8). The physicochemical characterization suggests that the synthesized V2O5 · 3H2O nanostructures possess layered morphology with considerable amount of water molecules accommodated between the interlayer spacing of nanostructures. Moreover, samples obtained using K2S2O8 and Na2S2O8 oxidants have K+ (6.41%) and Na+ (0.38%) ions intercalated on the 2D nanostructure along with the water molecules. Subsequently, the synthesized samples are heat‐treated at 400 °C for 3 h in the air and it is observed that the structural and morphological aspects are highly affected due to the removal of surface‐ and lattice‐bonded water molecules. The electrochemical properties of the samples are studied by assembling symmetric supercapacitor devices utilizing the bare and heat‐treated samples in 1 m Na2SO4 electrolyte. The fabricated device with bare V2O5 · 3H2O samples shows maximum specific capacitance (>60%) than that of heat‐treated V2O5 samples, which represents the positive influence of water molecule on electrochemical behavior of V2O5. Moreover, the bare sample V2O5 · 3H2O (using (NH4)2S2O8) symmetric supercapacitor exhibits an excellent cyclic stability with high capacitance retention of ≈97% after 25 000 cycles.
Universal Fluorescence Enhancement Substrate Based on Multiple Heterostructure Photonic Crystal with Super‐Wide Stopband and Highly Sensitive Cr(VI) Detecting Performance
Authors: Zhang Lijing , Wang Jie , Tao Shengyang , Geng Chong , Yan Qingfeng 
Published: April 2018

AbstractUniversal fluorescence (FL) enhancement is achieved based on a multiple heterostructure photonic crystal (MHPC) with a super‐wide stopband. This MHPC film is fabricated by layer‐by‐layer deposition of annealed colloidal crystal monolayers with gradient sizes, and it displays a broadened stopband (from 280 to 650 nm) that can overlap with the excitation wavelength (E) and the emission wavelength (F) of most commonly used fluorescent media. More than 100‐fold FL enhancement of [Ru(dpp)3Cl2], rhodamine 6G (Rh6G), and rhodamine B (RhB) on the MHPC is observed compared to that on a glass substrate. This super‐wide stopband MHPC may find significant applications for augmenting FL intensity in chemical and biochemical sensing, imaging, disease diagnosis, and environmental monitoring. The function of MHPC/rhodium B hydrazide composites is further demonstrated in the semiquantitative detection of Cr(VI), and the limit of detection of Cr(VI) is effectively improved to 0.2 ppb.
High‐Q Metallic Fano Metamaterial for Highly Efficient Cerenkov Lasing
Authors: Kim Seontae , Baek In‐Keun , Bhattacharya Ranajoy , Hong Dongpyo , Sattorov Matlabjon , Bera Anirban , So Jin‐Kyu , Kim Dai‐Sik , Park Gun‐Sik 
Published: April 2018

AbstractA high‐quality‐factor (high‐Q) metallic Fano metamaterial is demonstrated both experimentally and theoretically. This material is suitable for highly efficient Cerenkov lasing in which subwavelength metallic slits are arranged to form asymmetric unit cells. In contrast to conventional dielectric Cerenkov or Smith–Purcell devices, in the proposed device, convection electrons traverse the high‐Q metallic metamaterial. The interplay between an extremely low group velocity from the infinite transverse permittivity of the anisotropic metamaterial and the subradiant damping from a Fano‐type slit mode is shown to be responsible for the high‐Q value, which is measured to be unprecedented at 700. The resulting improvement in the Cerenkov lasing efficiency is estimated to be more than two orders of magnitude using a particle‐in‐cell simulation.
Metal‐Free Fluorine‐Doped Carbon Electrocatalyst for CO2 Reduction Outcompeting Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Xie Jiafang , Zhao Xiaotao , Wu Maoxiang , Li Qiaohong , Wang Yaobing , Yao Jiannian 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe electrochemical CO2 reduction (ECDRR), as a key reaction in artificial photosynthesis to implement renewable energy conversion/storage, has been inhibited by the low efficiency and high costs of the electrocatalysts. Herein, we synthesize a fluorine‐doped carbon (FC) catalyst by pyrolyzing commercial BP 2000 with a fluorine source, enabling a highly selective CO2‐to‐CO conversion with a maximum Faradaic efficiency of 90 % at a low overpotential of 510 mV and a small Tafel slope of 81 mV dec−1, outcompeting current metal‐free catalysts. Moreover, the higher partial current density of CO and lower partial current density of H2 on FC relative to pristine carbon suggest an enhanced inherent activity towards ECDRR as well as a suppressed hydrogen evolution by fluorine doping. Fluorine doping activates the neighbor carbon atoms and facilitates the stabilization of the key intermediate COOH* on the fluorine‐doped carbon material, which are also blocked for competing hydrogen evolution, resulting in superior CO2‐to‐CO conversion.
Noncontinuous Super‐Diffusive Dynamics of a Light‐Activated Nanobottle Motor
Authors: Xuan Mingjun , Mestre Rafael , Gao Changyong , Zhou Chang , He Qiang , Sánchez Samuel 
Published: April 2018

AbstractWe report a carbonaceous nanobottle (CNB) motor for near infrared (NIR) light‐driven jet propulsion. The bottle structure of the CNB motor is fabricated by soft‐template‐based polymerization. Upon illumination with NIR light, the photothermal effect of the CNB motor carbon shell causes a rapid increase in the temperature of the water inside the nanobottle and thus the ejection of the heated fluid from the open neck, which propels the CNB motor. The occurrence of an explosion, the on/off motion, and the swing behavior of the CNB motor can be modulated by adjusting the NIR light source. Moreover, we simulated the physical field distribution (temperature, fluid velocity, and pressure) of the CNB motor to demonstrate the mechanism of NIR light‐driven jet propulsion. This NIR light‐powered CNB motor exhibits fuel‐free propulsion and control of the swimming velocity by external light and has great potential for future biomedical applications.
A Unified Approach for the Assembly of Atisine‐ and Hetidine‐type Diterpenoid Alkaloids: Total Syntheses of Azitine and the Proposed Structure of Navirine C
Authors: Liu Jie , Ma Dawei 
Published: April 2018

AbstractA tetracyclic dinitrile was synthesized in twelve steps from cyclohex‐2‐en‐1‐one by using a chelation‐triggered conjugate addition to a γ‐hydroxy‐substituted α,β‐unsaturated nitrile and an oxidative dearomatization/Diels–Alder cycloaddition cascade as the key steps. The first total synthesis of azitine (in 17 steps) was achieved through a simple reductive cyclization of this intermediate and subsequent transformations while the total synthesis of the proposed structure of navirine C (in 19 steps) was accomplished by a hydrogen‐atom‐transfer reaction of the tetracyclic dinitrile, Pd/C‐catalyzed reductive cyclization, and subsequent functional group manipulation.