bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Controlling the wavefront aberration of a large-aperture and high-precision holographic diffraction grating
Authors: Ba Yanheshig , Li Wenhao , Wang Xinyu , Liu Zhaowu , Wang Wei , Jiang Shan , Li Yubo , Li Shuo , Zhang Wei , Jiang Yanxiu , Wu Zheng , Zhou Wenyuan 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

The scanning interference field exposure technique is an effective method to fabricate holographic diffraction gratings with meter-level size and nano-level precision. The main problems of making large-aperture and high-precision gratings by this technique are the high-precision displacement measurement of the stage, the high-precision control of the interference field and the real time compensation of the grating phase deviation. In this paper, the influence of grating grooves position error on the wavefront aberration is analyzed. In order to improve the precision of the stage with displacement range more than one meter, an integrated displacement measurement combining grating sensing and laser interferometry is proposed, which suppresses the influence of environment on measurement precision under long displacement range. An interference fringes measurement method is proposed, which combines the diffraction characteristics of the measuring grating with the phase shift algorithm. By controlling the direction, period and phase nonlinear errors of the interference fringes, high quality interferometric field can be obtained. Further, a dynamic phase-locking model is established by using heterodyne interferometry to compensate grating phase deviation caused by stage motion error in real time. A grating with the aperture of 1500 mm × 420 mm is fabricated. The diffraction wavefront aberration reaches 0.327λ @ 632.8 nm and the wavefront gradient reaches 16.444 nm/cm. This research presents a novel technique for the fabrication of meter-size and nano-precision holographic gratings, which would further promote the development of chirped pulse amplification systems, high-energy laser and ultra-high precision displacement measurement and other fields.
Exploring differentiated service delivery strategies to optimize modern contraceptive uptake among adolescents with HIV in Northern Uganda: a mixed methods study
Authors: Ajilong Harriet , Bongomin Felix , Pebolo Pebalo F. , Obol James H. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
In sub-Saharan Africa, contraceptive use among adolescents ranges from 21–42% with an unmet need of 53–64%. Therefore, client-centered strategies like the differentiated service delivery (DSD) model should be explored to improve contraceptive use among adolescents in Uganda.
Methods
An exploratory mixed-methods study was conducted in HIV positive adolescents 12–19 years at Gulu Regional Referral hospital in northern Uganda. Structured questionnaires were used to obtain information on contraceptive use, and the most convenient mode of delivery. Selected key informants identified specific delivery strategies potentially associated with higher contraceptive uptake.
Results
Of the 193 respondents who participated in the study, 108(56%) were females with a mean age of 15 years. Ever use of modern contraceptives was low at 16% because only a small percentage (approximately 20%) were sexually active. Most participants, 54/193 (40%) preferred accessing contraceptives from the adolescent clinic from health workers and peer supporters. Factors associated with increased contraceptive use were tertiary level education and employment. From qualitative analysis participants recommended separation of adolescent services, peer support and community outreaches to improve uptake.
Conclusion
The contraceptive prevalence rate among HIV-positive adolescents is still low. Contraceptive use is higher among the educated or employed. Services should be provided at adolescent-friendly clinics by trained health workers and peers during school holidays to optimize uptake.
Transforming zeolite structure direction: metals with a dual role as amine coordinators and siloxy connectors
Authors: Dusselier Michiel , Bae Juna , Plessers Dieter , McCusker Lynne 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Innovation in the synthesis of new zeolites has been achieved primarily through the use of novel organic compounds as structure-directing agents (SDAs) and the exploitation of their cooperative/competitive interaction with other organic/inorganic factors. Here, we present a novel type of structure-direction based on a metal-amine coordination polymer leading to a 3-dimensional silicate-based hybrid material, LEU-1. The Zn-amine polymer not only serves as an SDA, but also plays a practical role in extending the inorganic connectivity in form of Zn-O-Si bonds. This dual-role mechanism leads to unique hybrids with huge potential for creating zeolite-like materials. We demonstrate that by using the silicate layer in LEU-1 as a platform, two novel pure-silica zeolites can be generated. While the principles of interaction between the metal, amine and silicate components in the synthesis mixture need clarification, this synthesis strategy, rooted in the coordination diversity of metal-amines, opens the door to more novel zeolite structures.
MHCquant2 refines immunopeptidomics tumor antigen discovery
Authors: Scheid Jonas , Lemke Steffen , Hoenisch-Gravel Naomi , Dengler Anna , Sachsenberg Timo , Declerq Arthur , Gabriels Ralf , Bauer Jens , Wacker Marcel , Bichmann Leon , Martens Lennart , Dubbelaar Marissa L. , Nahnsen Sven , Walz Juliane S. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

The identification of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-presented peptides as targets of anti-cancer T cell response is pivotal for the development of novel immunotherapies. Mass spectrometry (MS)-based immunopeptidomics enables the detection of these peptides, yet confident identifications and thus implementation in immunotherapy design are hampered by the high diversity and low abundance of naturally presented HLA peptides. Here, we introduce MHCquant2, a Nextflow-based open-source pipeline that leverages OpenMS tools and peptide property predictors (DeepLC, MS2PIP) for highly sensitive and scalable HLA peptide identification and quantification across various MS platforms. MHCquant2 increased peptide identifications up to 27% with a significant expansion of low-abundant peptides, outperforming state-of-the-art pipelines. Using MHCquant2 we build a comprehensive benign tissue repository comprising re-analyzed data from available benign immunopeptidomes and a novel benignMHCquant2 dataset, adding more than 160,000 novel naturally presented HLA peptides. First applications of this benign repository and the MHCquant2 pipeline enabled (i) the refinement of tumor-associated antigens, (ii) the detection of novel, high-frequent tumor-exclusive peptide antigens for multiple tumor entities, and (iii) the identification and quantification of mutation-derived low-abundant neoepitopes. MHCquant2 refines tumor antigen discovery in immunopeptidomics, paving the way for the implementation of off-the-shelf and personalized immunotherapy design.
Shifting (ir)regularity regimes in extreme climate impacts under global warming
Authors: Zantout Karim , Balkovic Juraj , Billing Maik , Folberth Christian , Gosling Simon N. , Hank Tobias , Hantson Stijn , Iizumi Toshichika , Ito Akihiko , Jägermeyr Jonas , Jain Atul K. , Khabarov Nikolay , Kou-Giesbrecht Sian , Li Fang , Li Mengxue , Lin Tzu-Shun , Liu Wenfeng , Müller Christoph , Okada Masashi , Ostberg Sebastian , Otta Kedar , Rabin Sam , Reyer Christopher P. O. , Scheer Clemens , Schneider Julia M. , Zabel Florian , Frieler Katja , Schewe Jacob 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

The spatio-temporal patterns of extreme climate impacts have been studied in various ways, yet two questions lack a profound analysis: Do such events occur regularly and if so, how do existing regularity patterns change under global warming? Here, we address these questions with a new statistical method for detecting dominant periods in noisy spatio-temporal data. Under pre-industrial conditions we find regularity patterns in close to 57% of cropland affected by crop failure, likely related to the influence of climatic oscillations such as the El Niño-Southern Oscillation, while extreme heatwaves occur without significant regularity. Wildfires exhibit regularity in 90% of all affected areas, yet linked to the specific regrowth dynamics of different biome types. Under climate change, the warming trend determines (ir)regularity, leading to a decrease of regularity in crop failure and wildfire by additionally 4% and 2%, respectively, and the emergence of regularity in 10% of the areas affected by heatwaves at the transition from the pre-industrial era to the anthropocene. In the anthropocene, crop failure, wildfire and heatwave occurrences increase and undergo a shift towards monotonic growth in all impacts replacing pre-existing natural regularity patterns. Moreover, de-trended impact projections indicate an additional shift towards higher frequencies of extreme event patterns due to climate change. The observed shifts in extreme event regularity are important for the planning of adaptation strategies and our method offers a new perspective on studying extreme climate impacts.
Wstęp. Słowo od redaktora naczelnego oraz redaktora obecnego numeru
Authors: Biały Stanisław 
Published: December 2024

Z radością oddajemy w ręce czytelników kolejny numer czasopisma „Studia nad Rodziną”, które jest publikowane przez Wydawnictwo UKSW w Warszawie. Mimo pewnych trudności pisma – brak satysfakcjonującej punktacji – wierzymy w jego przyszły sukces. Tytuł obecnego numeru to: „Prawda o rodzinie – dobrem rodziny”. Redakcja czasopisma (w nowym składzie – redaktorem naczelnym został ks. dr hab. Stanisław Biały, prof. ucz., jego zastępcą ks. dr Wojciech Kućko, a sekretarzem ks. dr Łukasz Borowski) będzie czyniła wszystko, żeby mogło ono znaleźć się na ministerialnej liście (otrzymując dobrą punktację), a tym samym, aby odpowiednio służyło rozwojowi nauk o rodzinie. Zależy nam na udostępnieniu naukowcom z tej dziedziny adekwatnej możliwości publikowania, a tym samym dzielenia się swoimi wynikami naukowymi, nie tylko ze środowiskiem UKSW, lecz także – zgodnie z naszymi ambicjami – z całą Polską i zagranicą.
ORG-317 Repurposing as a Potential Agonist Targeting TMEM236 in Colorectal Cancer Treatment: Insights from Molecular Dynamics
Simulation, Principal Component Analysis, and Free Energy Landscape Study
Authors: Maurya Neha Shree , Kushwah Shikha , Chaudhary Amit , Patel Kavita , Shukla Shruti , Mani Ashutosh 
Published: December 2024

Background and objective:
Colorectal Cancer (CRC) affects the colon and
rectum part of the digestive system and is a significant global health concern, with approximately
1.1 million new cases annually. It ranks second in cancer-related deaths.
Studies have shown future projections of CRC cases to enhance at a worrisome rate, estimating
3.2 million new cases and 1.6 million deaths worldwide by 2040. Studies have
shown the downregulation of TMEM236 in CRC, and this study aimed to find the agonist
to restore the function of TMEM236 via the drug repurposing method.

Methods:
The different molecular and structural level analyses were performed to understand
how the TMEM236 expression can be restored. To obtain the molecular level data,
the following analyses were employed to understand the binding affinity and agonistic
behaviour of the screened drugs: molecular docking, oral toxicity prediction, Molecular
Dynamics (MD) simulation, Free Energy Landscape (FEL) analysis, and g_mmpbsa.

Results:
The molecular docking, oral toxicity, and molecular interaction analyses have
identified db06435, db05423, and db15197 drugs from the DrugBank database to either
belong to an approved or investigational class of drugs as a potential agonist for
TMEM236. The MD simulation and PCA analysis had shown db05423 (ORG-317) to
exhibit stable interaction with TMEM236 protein. Similar results were obtained through
FEL analysis.

Conclusion:
The downregulation of TMEM236 expression and its constant binding
affinity with db05423 during MD simulation suggest that this drug may restore the diminished
function and expression of TMEM236. Additionally, it could function as an agonist
and can be used for CRC treatment.
Novel Pathway and Recent Advances for Targeting Sickle Cell Anemia through Novel Drug Delivery System
Authors: Chouhan Savita , Ajazuddin  , Jain Parag 
Published: December 2024

Abstract:
Red blood cells with sickle cell anemia (SCA) have an irregular shape, and it is a genetic
blood condition that can cause several problems and shorten life expectancy. Traditional treatments
have focused on symptom management, but recent advancements in drug delivery systems
offer promising pathways for targeted therapies. This abstract explores novel approaches to combat
SCA through innovative drug delivery systems, gene therapy, and new pharmaceutical interventions.
One novel pathway for targeting SCA involves utilizing advanced drug delivery systems
to enhance the effectiveness of therapeutic agents. Nanotechnology-based delivery systems, such
as nanoparticles and liposomes, offer precise drug targeting, controlled release, and improved bioavailability.
These systems can encapsulate anti-sickling agents, like hydroxyurea, and enable their
specific delivery to affected cells, reducing side effects and enhancing therapeutic outcomes. Additionally,
therapy has become a ground-breaking method of treating SCA. CRISPR/Cas9 technology
presents a groundbreaking opportunity to correct the genetic mutation responsible for sickle hemoglobin
production. By precisely editing the HBB gene, which encodes the abnormal hemoglobin,
researchers aim to restore normal hemoglobin expression, potentially offering a curative
treatment for SCA. Furthermore, recent advancements in drug development have led to the discovery
of promising candidates targeting specific pathways involved in SCA pathophysiology. Experimental
drugs, such as voxelotor and crizanlizumab focus on modifying hemoglobin properties or
inhibiting cell adhesion, respectively, thereby preventing sickle cell-related complications and reducing
vaso-occlusive crisis frequency.
Prevalence of Sarcopenic Obesity in Elderly Population: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Rupolo Viviane Locatelli , Camargo Taiana Lemos , Pureza Isabele Rejane de Oliveira Maranhão , Beretta Mileni Vanti , Garcez Anderson 
Published: December 2024

Background:
Sarcopenic obesity (SO) is characterized by the simultaneous presence
of both obesity and sarcopenia in the same individual, and it is associated with adverse health
outcomes such as falls, hospitalization, functional disability, and mortality. This study aimed to
provide a comprehensive analysis of the prevalence of SO in the elderly population through a
systematic review and meta-analysis of the scientific literature.

Methods:
A systematic search was conducted in the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and LILACS
databases for observational studies published up to July 2023 on the prevalence of SO in
individuals aged 65 years or older. Data were collected from the selected and included articles,
including general study information, demographic characteristics of the samples, methods, and
results. The quality of the studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) criteria.
A random-effects model was applied for the quantitative synthesis (meta-analysis) of combined
prevalence data, and the I-squared index (I²) was used to assess heterogeneity. Publication bias
was evaluated using a funnel plot and Egger’s test.

Results:
A total of 37 articles meeting the eligibility criteria were selected and included in this
meta-analysis. Heterogeneity among the studies was observed, along with evidence of publication
bias. Most studies were classified as having a high risk of bias. The pooled prevalence of SO
in the elderly was 10% (95% CI: 8%−12%; I²: 99.10%, p<0.001). A similar result was observed
after stratification by sex, with a prevalence of 10% in both men (95% CI: 8%−12%; I²: 97.46%,
p<0.001) and women (95% CI: 8%−12%; I²: 98.72%, p<0.001). Subgroup and sensitivity analyses
revealed that the study setting, criteria used for the diagnosis of obesity, and the risk of bias
in the studies were potential factors contributing to the heterogeneity in the prevalence of SO in
the elderly.

Conclusions:
This meta-analysis indicated a significant prevalence of SO among the elderly
population, with no difference by sex, highlighting SO as a substantial health problem in this
population. These findings underscore the importance of interventions to reduce the occurrence
of SO in the elderly.
Factors Associated with Volunteering among Saudi Arabian Healthcare College Students
Authors: Almogbel Yasser S. 
Published: December 2024

Background
Volunteering is a helpful service to society, embodying personal commitment and a spontaneous result of community life. In this study, factors associated with the intention to volunteer among healthcare students in Saudi Arabia were investigated using the theory of planned behavior.

Methods
This was a cross-sectional, survey-based observational study. The data collection tool comprised eight sections (demographic information, volunteering experience, behavioral intention, attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, motivation to volunteer, and satisfaction from volunteering) in accordance with the theory of planned behavior. The sample size was calculated using G*Power software. A descriptive analysis and univariate and multivariate linear regression analyses were performed to determine the significant differences among the variables.

Results
A total of 402 healthcare students completed the survey after obtaining permission from the ethics committee. The average age was 23 (±2.2) years, and a majority of the participants were female (60.5%). Most participants were pharmacy students (39.4%), and the average grade point average of all participants was 4.22 (±0.5). About half of them (49.8%) had previous volunteering experience. A significant association was found between the intention of healthcare students to volunteer and attitude (β = 0.350; p < 0.001), subjective norm (β = 0.116; p = 0.001), perceived behavioral control (β = 0.257; p < 0.001), age (β = −0.203; p = 0.023), male gender (β = −1.068; p = 0.005), and volunteering experience (β = 1.156; p = 0.023).

Conclusion
Attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, previous volunteering experience, age, and male gender were associated with willingness to volunteer. These findings suggest that healthcare education institutions can develop strategies to engage and motivate student volunteers in community outreach programs. Our study results cannot be generalized, as it was conducted only in the Qassim region of Saudi Arabia.
Green Synthesis Techniques for Sulphur Nanoparticles: Current Methods and Future Perspectives
Authors: Shukla Ajay Kumar , Mishra Manoj Kumar 
Published: December 2024

Abstract:
In recent years, cancer has emerged as a significant public health challenge, prompting
extensive research into the development of innovative anticancer therapies capable of selectively
inducing cell death or halting the proliferation of cancer cells. Harnessing the distinctive characteristics
of nanomaterials, advancements in nanotechnology have played a pivotal role in the progression
of nanomedicine for cancer treatment. Various nanomaterials, such as gold, silver, silica,
and carbon nanoparticles, have been investigated for their potential in drug delivery systems.
Meanwhile, sulfur, with its abundant chemically diverse organic and inorganic compounds exhibiting
a range of biological functions from antioxidant properties to antibacterial and anticancer capabilities,
has garnered significant attention.
Sulphur nanoparticles (SNPs) find widespread application in diverse fields such as lithium sulfur
batteries, sulphur-based photocatalysts, and antimicrobial agents. Despite their extensive utilization
in non-biomedical domains, such as drug delivery and cancer prevention strategies, SNPs
face challenges when employed for biomedical purposes. Concerns include toxicity, limited reactivity,
and the substantial particle size of SNPs, which hinder their effectiveness as drug delivery
carriers. To overcome these obstacles, surface modifications of SNPs are necessary to enhance
their biomedical applicability.
Experimental and Statistical Assessment of the Interaction of Ether and Naphthalene-based Superplasticizers with Concrete
Authors: Anand Sanchit , Mehra Priyansha 
Published: December 2024

Background:
The significant concerns surrounding the interaction between cement
and superplasticizers have led to several challenges in the performance of concrete in realworld
applications. This study investigates the interaction between different types of cement
and superplasticizers and presents findings on their compatibility. Additionally, various interactions
between cement and superplasticizers are utilized to assess the strength and durability
properties of concrete.

Methods:
Three distinct types of superplasticizers were utilized: sulfonated naphthalene (SNF),
polycarboxylic ether (PCE), and polymeric ether (PME) based superplasticizers, in combination
with Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) and Portland Pozzolana Cement (PPC). Multiple
concrete mixes with varying addition times of these superplasticizers were prepared and evaluated
for their fresh and hardened concrete characteristics, including workability, strength, and
sorptivity, among others. Moreover, statistical analyses concerning different combinations of
superplasticizers and cement, as well as varying addition times, were conducted to assess their
respective impacts on concrete qualities.

Results:
The findings of the hypothesis testing indicated a substantial correlation between the
delayed addition time of PPC mixes and variables, such as compressive strength and workability,
with correlation coefficients ranging from 0.95 to 0.98. Conversely, the correlation between
these variables and OPC mixes was not found to be entirely significant (r; 0.85-0.89).

Discussion:
The established relationship indicated an improvement in the properties of fresh
concrete due to enhanced compatibility between different superplasticizers and cement, potentially
aiding in the selection of optimal superplasticizer-cement combinations and addition
times for superplasticizers.

Conclusion:
In the present study, numerous interactions between cement and superplasticizer
are utilized to assess the strength and durability characteristics of the concrete.