bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electron traps in (Y0.97Zr0.03)2O3 transparent ceramics and its suppression by heavy Eu3+ doping
Authors: Lou Wenhui , Tang Yang , Chen Haohong , Lei Yisong , Lin Hui , Hong Ruijin , Han Zhaoxia , Zhang Dawei 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIn this paper, Eu3+:(Y0.97Zr0.03)2O3 transparent ceramics with different doping concentrations of Eu3+ were prepared by vacuum sintering. This series of transparent ceramic samples exhibits strong red emission when excited by an electron beam at the keV level. However, color changes observed in the samples after high‐energy electron irradiation. This is due to the capture of electrons by traps related to oxygen vacancies within the Y2O3 lattice. Specifically, under electron beam irradiation, the capture of the electrons by oxygen vacancy‐related defects in the Y2O3 lattice occurs, leading to radiation damage. The color change can be suppressed to some extent by the incorporation of Zr4+ into the Y2O3 lattice, which can effectively suppress the generation of oxygen vacancies. Interestingly, samples with heavy doping of Eu3+ exhibit stronger resistance to electron irradiation damage. Based on the detailed characterizations, including optical transmittance, cathodoluminescence, photoluminescence, thermoluminescence and luminescence decay time, it is found that under heavy doping conditions, Eu3+, which has a stronger cationic character than Y3+ can more effectively suppress the generation of electron traps induced by the oxygen vacancies and the interstitial oxygen in the Y2O3 lattice, thereby enhancing radiation resistance. This research can advance the understanding of defect suppression mechanisms and benefit the application of Y2O3‐based functional transparent ceramics in high‐energy electron and β‐ray irradiation environment.
Cancer Nursing Frameworks to Guide Clinical Capability, Education and Careers: A Scoping Review of the International Literature
Authors: Thamm Carla , Paterson Catherine , Christina Juliana , Richter Monique , McIntyre Robyn , Tapsall Doreen , Adriaansen Lindsay , Dean Nikki , Shooter Erin , Rosano Michelle , Bishaw Suzanne , McErlean Gemma 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTAimThis review aimed to provide a current global profile of all existing cancer nursing competency, capability, education and career frameworks and map capabilities and competencies to the clinical, facilitation of education, management and research pillars of practice.DesignScoping review.Data SourcesCumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Cochrane Library, Epistemonikos, Google Scholar, Medline, and PubMed. Gray literature searches and reference list searches were also performed.MethodsThis review was guided by Arksey and O'Malley's method and followed PRISMA guidelines for reporting. Screening and data extraction was conducted independently by two or more authors. The quality of frameworks were assessed using The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal checklist for textual evidence: policy/consensus guidelines. Data were analyzed and narratively synthesized by experienced cancer nurse researchers.ResultsThirty‐four articles were included, comprising of 29 cancer nursing frameworks. Frameworks were categorized as competency frameworks, career and education frameworks, education/learning pathways, and career/professional development frameworks. Competencies and capabilities described in the frameworks were mapped to the four pillars of practice including clinical (n = 27), facilitation of learning (n = 20), leadership and management (n = 23), and research and scholarship (n = 24).ConclusionsComprehensive cancer nursing frameworks are pivotal in enabling nurse leaders to grow and develop the cancer nursing workforce globally. They are also integral to support cancer nurses in providing high‐quality, effective, and safe care for patients and their families across the cancer continuum.ImpactThis is the first review to comprehensively capture and synthesize the capabilities, educational components, and career pathways outlined in existing cancer nursing frameworks worldwide and highlights where areas of improvement are needed to support professional growth, job satisfaction and retention of cancer nurses.No Patient of Public ContributionThis article is a review of frameworks and does not include patient or public contribution.
A Model of Death Preparedness in Patients With Advanced Cancer: A Grounded Theory Study
Authors: Zhang Xi , Zeng Tieying , Zhao Meizhen , Su Yisui , Liu Xiaohong , Chen Ye 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundDeath preparedness in patients with advanced cancer is an important prerequisite for improving the quality of death. However, there are insufficient studies on death preparedness in patients with advanced cancer, and the level of death preparedness needs to be further improved.AimTo develop a model of death preparedness in patients with advanced cancer.MethodsA qualitative approach with grounded theory was used. Data were collected between February 2024 and July 2024 in the oncology wards of the two general hospitals in Wuhan. We recruited 12 patients, 11 family members, 16 nurses and 4 doctors for semistructured interviews. Data analysis included open coding, axial coding and selective coding. The study is reported using the COREQ checklist.ResultsDeath preparedness in patients with advanced cancer is a spiralling process whose core components include death awareness, emotional response, hospice programme and reflexive care, and multiple personal, interpersonal and social factors influence it.ConclusionA model of death preparedness in advanced cancer patients was constructed through rooted theory, revealing its formation and change process. This model deepens the understanding of death preparedness and helps healthcare providers identify patients' preparedness status in advance to provide more targeted support and care. This personalised care enhances patients' quality of life and reduces the psychological burden on them and their families, achieving more comprehensive and humanised end‐of‐life care.ImpactTo better understand patients' death preparedness, healthcare providers should focus on patients' cognitive, emotional, behavioural and social needs in the process of death preparation from a multifactorial perspective, and provide targeted support and assistance.No Patient or Public Contributions were included in this paper.
Polyethylene glycol loxenatide modulates lipid metabolism and insulin resistance through lncRNA steroid receptor RNA activator/cellular nucleic acid binding protein/Rho‐associated coiled‐coil kinase 2 axis in type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Chen Zhuangsen , Zhou Zhongyu , Wang Lin , Zhang Yanrong , Huang Caiyan , Wang Cong , Huang Ying , Wang Shanshan , Yan Dewen , Feng Kun 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundPolyethylene glycol loxenatide (PEG‐Loxe) is applied in treating type 2 diabetes mellitus. Nevertheless, the effect and mechanism of PEG‐Loxe on lipid metabolism disorder and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes mellitus are not fully understood.MethodsType 2 diabetes mellitus rats developed by high‐fat diet/streptozotocin injection were treated with PEG‐Loxe (0.3 or 1 mg/kg). Insulin resistance was evaluated by fasting blood glucose (FBG), oral glucose tolerance test, fasting insulin, homeostasis model of assessment for insulin resistance and for insulin sensitivity. Immunohistochemistry, hematoxylin and eosin staining, and biochemistry measurements were performed to assess lipid metabolism. Inflammatory response and oxidative stress were assessed by inflammatory cytokines and reactive oxygen species. Genes’ expressions were tested using RT‐qPCR, western blot, and in situ hybridization. Relationships of molecules were validated by pull‐down assay and RNA immunoprecipitation. mRNA stability was examined by actinomycin D assay.ResultsHigh‐PEG‐Loxe decreased FBG and ameliorated glucose tolerance, hyperinsulinemia, and insulin resistance. Low‐PEG‐Loxe partly while high‐PEG‐Loxe apparently relieved hepatocyte injury, reduced lipase I, triglyceride, total cholesterol and leptin, and increased adiponectin in type 2 diabetes mellitus rats. PEG‐Loxe mitigated inflammatory response and oxidative stress. High‐PEG‐Loxe reduced RhoA and Rho‐associated coiled‐coil kinase 2 (ROCK2) in liver tissues of type 2 diabetes mellitus rats, while both doses of PEG‐Loxe decreased steroid receptor RNA activator (SRA). SRA overexpression reversed the protective functions of high‐PEG‐Loxe. SRA cooperated with cellular nucleic acid binding protein (CNBP) to enhance ROCK2 mRNA stability.ConclusionHigh‐PEG‐Loxe relieves insulin resistance and lipid metabolism disorder in type 2 diabetes mellitus through SRA/CNBP/ROCK2 axis. This research provides a molecular mechanism of PEG‐Loxe for treating type 2 diabetes mellitus.
The explanatory role of psychological distress in the link between role blurring and relationship satisfaction: A dyadic study
Authors: Lagacé Martine Bryar , Lachance‐Grzela Mylène , Ross‐Plourde Mylène , Brassard Audrey 
Published: December 2024

AbstractRole blurring has been associated with negative outcomes, such as anxiety and stress. Paulin et al.'s study found that role blurring is linked to lower relationship satisfaction through higher psychological distress. However, this link has not been explored from a dyadic perspective, neglecting the interrelation between partners in a couple. The current study aimed to address this limitation by examining the explanatory role of psychological distress in the link between role blurring and relationship satisfaction from a dyadic perspective. The sample comprised 382 Canadian participants (191 couples) over 18 years old who answered online questionnaires through the SurveyMonkey platform. The results showed that women's life–work role blurring is negatively associated with their own and their partner's relationship satisfaction through their own more significant psychological distress. These findings underscore the importance of researchers further investigating life–work role blurring in the future from a dyadic perspective.
Grassland Afforestation Drives Biotic Homogenisation of Soil Microbial Communities at a Regional Scale
Authors: Ribero Martín Nicolás , Schiaffino María Romina , Filloy Julieta 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTGrassland afforestation poses a threat to biodiversity beyond land‐use conversion. Diversity patterns are shaped by temporal dynamics, particularly, time since afforestation can decline beta diversity and lead to biotic homogenisation. Our study examines the effect of grassland afforestation on soil prokaryotic and fungal beta diversity. We evaluate the contributions of colonisation and extinction processes to beta diversity, as well as the replacement of endemic species by ubiquitous ones. Along a 200 km climatic gradient in Argentina's Pampas region, we analysed grasslands and mature eucalypt plantations at different times since afforestation. Soil samples were collected at each site and analysed using 16S (V3–V4) and ITS2 amplicon sequencing to identify prokaryotic and fungal communities, respectively. The analyses revealed biotic homogenisation at the transition from grassland to newly planted stands, evidenced by a decrease in intratreatment beta diversity. Increasing time since afforestation did not exacerbate this decline. However, our findings indicate that there are different responses between prokaryotes and fungi. The homogenisation of prokaryotes in young stands is due to the low heterogeneity in colonising communities. On the other hand, the decline in fungal beta diversity is likely caused by other mechanisms beyond extinction or replacement. The study highlights the impacts of the afforestation process on the beta diversity of soil microbial communities of grasslands, affecting taxonomic groups in different ways. Although microbial diversity may be partially restored in time in eucalypt plantations, it is important to investigate its underlying mechanisms and the ecological implications for microbial diversity and its spatial distribution.
Chemotherapy‐Induced Neuropathy Affecting the Gastrointestinal Tract
Authors: Vera Gema , Nurgali Kulmira , Abalo Raquel 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundCancer is a major global cause of morbidity and mortality. Survivorship is increasing, bringing new challenges. Cancer treatment, including chemotherapeutic drugs, immunotherapy, and radiotherapy, can have severe and impactful gastrointestinal side effects occurring shortly after treatment (acute toxicity) or persisting for years after treatment ends (late/chronic toxicity).PurposeThe aim of this article is to review the neurotoxic effects of chemotherapy on the enteric nervous system (ENS) and the gut extrinsic innervation. These effects could contribute to the development of long‐term gastrointestinal dysfunctions. Research, primarily conducted in animal models, indicates that antitumoral drugs can lead to chemotherapy‐induced enteric neuropathy (CIEN). Studies, mainly performed in the myenteric plexus, show that CIEN is characterized by a reduced density of nerve cells and fibers, as well as an imbalanced representation of neuronal subpopulations or their markers, with enteric glial cells also affected.These alterations underlie changes in neuronal activity and gastrointestinal motor function. Although research on the submucosal plexus remains limited, evidence suggests that CIEN affects the entire ENS. Furthermore, scarce studies show that CIEN also occurs in humans. Moreover, emerging experimental data on chemotherapy‐induced alterations in visceral sensitivity suggest that the extrinsic innervation of the gut is also affected, but this has received little attention thus far. Nevertheless, this could contribute to the development of chemotherapy‐induced brain–gut axis (BGA) disorders in the long term. Cancer chemotherapy (and probably also immunotherapy and radiotherapy) seems to cause neuropathic effects on the intrinsic and extrinsic innervation of the gastrointestinal tract, with an important impact on gastrointestinal and BGA functions. This is a relatively neglected area deserving further investigation.
New Technologies, Older Workers in Banking and Nursing
Authors: Křížková Alena , Pospíšilová Marie , Dudová Radka 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThe article examines how technological change and organisational restructuring interacts with population ageing and policies that extend working life, and how older workers understand these trends. Using organisational and contextual approaches and qualitative research on nurses and bankers in Czechia, we investigate older workers' experiences with digitalisation. The age disadvantage older workers experience in digitalising workplaces is produced by three processes: responsibilisation, production of insecurity and ontological precarisation. The responsibilisation of employees for their own digital training is disadvantageous for older workers both in banking and nursing. Digitalisation and restructuring make older bankers feel insecure. To decrease their insecurity, nurses construct a boundary between technology and personal care. The sectoral labour market context is important, as exemplified by a shortage of nurses decreasing insecurity. The precarisation of older workers is further shaped by how the organisational context in which digitalisation occurs intersects with individuals' household situation and welfare state provisions.
Collagen Matrix Versus Subepithelial Connective Tissue for Recession Coverage: A Systematic Review
Authors: Zangani Alessandro , Gualtieri Miriana , Pardo Alessia , Signoriello Annarita , Faccioni Paolo , Colapinto Gianluca , Goker Funda , Lombardo Giorgio , Del Fabbro Massimo , Albanese Massimo 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo evaluate the outcome of collagen matrix (CMX) compared with subepithelial connective tissue graft (SCTG) in gingival recession coverage (RC) surgery.MethodsReview protocol was registered in PROSPERO. The search was conducted on MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, and Scopus databases. Randomized studies comparing CMX versus. SCTG or CMX versus. covering procedures without any filling material, for class I recession treatment were included. Risk of bias assessment and quantitative analysis were performed.ResultsOf 168 records, 11 randomized clinical trials were included. The meta‐analysis revealed no statistically significant difference in terms of %RC (p = 0.37); there was a statistically significant difference in terms of recession reduction (p = 0.02) and keratinized tissue width (p = 0.03) in favor of SCTG cases. CMX showed a statistically significantly better result compared to no grafting, regarding %RC (p = 0.003) and keratinized tissue thickness (p < 0.0001). The duration of the intervention was significantly shorter for CMX than for SCTG (p < 0.0001).ConclusionCMX can be considered a viable material, especially when a ΔKTt increase and a reduction of intervention duration is needed. The indications for the choice, however, may depend on the individual local condition.PROSPERO Registration: Registration in PROSPERO (International prospective register of systematic reviews): CRD42024555443
Managing the Dissolved Oxygen Balance of Open Atlantic Salmon Sea Cages: A Narrative Review
Authors: Berntsson Evelina Veronica Christina , Stevik Tor Kristian , Bergheim Asbjørn , Persson David , Stormoen Marit , Liland Kristian Hovde 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTAs Atlantic salmon depend on dissolved oxygen (DO) to survive and grow, managing DO is essential for welfare and growth. However, the dynamics of DO in the open sea cages are complex, caused by a range of factors that interact and create compounding effects. To understand DO dynamics, two pillars of knowledge are essential: the supply of DO to the cages and the consumption of DO in the cages. The components of these two pillars vary greatly across both time and space, with factors including ambient sea temperature and current, density stratification, fish size, health and metabolism, biomass density and distribution, topography, production routines and farm configuration. In the production environment, these factors often interact, making related analyses on effects, causality and effective management highly challenging. Exacerbating matters, existing knowledge is fragmented across multiple disciplines, making it challenging for end‐users to access. Using sensors is often necessary to understand and manage the complexity of DO, and the interest to implement digital technologies to aquaculture operations and utilize big data analyses is growing, but to succeed in the application, an in‐depth understanding of the relevant dynamics is necessary. Consequently, this review is produced to compile existing knowledge on the many factors that influence the consumption or supply of DO in the sea cages, and their relationship to each other. In this narrative review, we explore the known interactions and compounding effects between these factors, and synthesize it in a causal diagram for holistic analyses of the DO balance.
Epistasis between genetic variations on MdMYB109 and MdHXK1 exerts a large effect on sugar content in apple fruit
Authors: Zhang Zhongyan , Huang Zhenyu , Wu Bei , Wu Ting , Wang Yi , Han Zhenhai , Zhang Xinzhong 
Published: December 2024

SUMMARYMany quantitative traits are controlled by multiple genetic variations with minor effects, making it challenging to resolve the underlying genetic network and to apply functional markers in breeding. Affected by up to a hundred quantitative trait loci (QTLs), fruit‐soluble sugar content is one of the most complex quantitative traits in apple (Malus sp.). Here, QTLs for apple fruit sucrose and fructose content were identified via QTL mapping and bulked‐segregant analysis sequencing (BSA‐seq) using a population derived from a ‘Jonathan’ × ‘Golden Delicious’ cross. Allelic variations and non‐allelic interactions were validated in the candidate genes within these defined QTL regions. Three single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (SNP −326 C/T, SNP −705 A/G, and SNP −706 G/T) in the MdMYB109 promoter region affected the binding ability of the repressive transcription factor MdWRKY33, leading to increased MdMYB109 expression. MdMYB109 bound directly to the promoter of the sucrose transporter gene MdSUT2.2 and activated its expression, raising fruit sucrose content. A SNP (SNP1060 A/G) in the hexokinase gene MdHXK1 affected the phosphorylation of the transcription factor MdbHLH3, and phosphorylated MdbHLH3 interacted with MdMYB109 to co‐activate MdSUT2.2 expression and increase fruit sucrose content. Adding the joint effects of the genotype combinations at the SNP markers based on the SNPs in MdMYB109 and MdHXK1 increased the prediction accuracy of a genomics‐assisted prediction (GAP) model for total soluble solid content from 0.3758 to 0.5531. These results uncovered functional variations in MdMYB109 and MdHXK1 regulating apple fruit sucrose content. The updated GAP model with improved predictability can be used efficiently in apple breeding.
Transcription factors CpSPL5 and CpSPL8 negatively regulate salt tolerance in Codonopsis pilosula by inhibiting SOS pathway
Authors: Li Qianmo , Yang Qianqian , Dong Shuai , Fu Fan , Xin Yujie , Kang Heng , Wu Yucui , Cao Xiaoyan 
Published: December 2024

SUMMARYEnvironmental stresses such as salt and drought severely affect plant growth and development. SQUAMOSA‐promoter binding protein‐like (SPL) transcription factors (TFs) play critical roles in the regulation of diverse processes; however, reports describing the SPL regulation of plant responses to abiotic stress are relatively few. In this study, two stress‐responsive TFs from Codonopsis pilosula (CpSPL5 and CpSPL8) are reported, which confer salt stress sensitivity. CpSPL5 and CpSPL8 are expressed in almost all tissues and localized in the nucleus, where the CpSPL5 transcript level is relatively higher than that of CpSPL8. Their expression levels are significantly suppressed in hairy roots treated with ABA, NaCl, PEG‐6000, and under high temperature stress. Compared with the control, CpSPL5, or CpSPL8‐overexpressed hairy roots increased salt stress sensitivity, and exhibited higher levels of O2− and MDA, as well as lower superoxide dismutase and peroxidase activities. Further, the CpSPL5 or CpSPL8 interference transgenic hairy roots enhanced salt tolerance and exhibited contrasting phenotype and antioxidant indices. Although all genotypes revealed significantly increased Na+ and decreased K+ contents under salt stress, the physiological indicators of CpSPL5 or CpSPL8‐interference transgenic hairy roots could be partially restored, where CpSPL5 was more sensitive to salt stress than CpSPL8. A yeast one‐hybrid and dual‐luciferase assay revealed that CpSPL5 and CpSPL8 directly targeted and inhibited the expression of CpSOS2 in the salt overly sensitive (SOS) pathway, which promoted salt stress sensitivity. Our findings suggest that CpSPL5 and CpSPL8 served as negative regulators of salt tolerance, which indicate that members of the SPL family participate in the plant SOS pathway.