bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bref portrait historique des courants et débats dans le champ des études ethniques en éducation au Québec
Authors: Potvin Maryse 
Published: October 2019

Les enjeux liés au pluralisme, à l’équité et à l’inclusion font partie des grandes priorités du XXIe siècle pour les systèmes éducatifs. Ces enjeux ont donné lieu, au Québec comme ailleurs, à un champ spécifique de politiques et d’interventions publiques, de débats et de recherches depuis 50 ans. Cet article retrace l’apparition relativement « successive » de courants - multiculturel ou interculturel, antiraciste, à la citoyenneté et aux droits, inclusif, encore tous présents dans la sociologie de l’éducation aujourd’hui – et montre comment ils ont marqué (et prédominé davantage dans) les discours normatifs et le champ des études ethniques en éducation au Québec au cours de trois périodes différentes : les années 1970-1980, 1990-2000, 2010 à nos jours. Cet article esquisse donc à grands traits les principaux « courants d’idées » et débats dans le champ en éducation au Québec au cours de ces trois périodes, et resitue ces débats dans leurs liens à la fois avec les principaux enjeux de société ou événements marquants du contexte québécois et avec l’évolution des politiques publiques dans ce champ.
AOA Approval of ACGME Internship and Residency Training
Authors: Duffy Thomas , Martinez Bulmaro 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Since the 1970s, the American Osteopathic Association (AOA) has provided a means for osteopathic physicians to apply for approval of their postdoctoral training in programs accredited by the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME). Osteopathic physicians who trained in ACGME programs need this approval to meet AOA licensure and board certification requirements. The AOA approves ACGME residency training with several different approval processes. Approval of the first year of postdoctoral training occurs through Resolution 42, specialty approval (for specialties in which the first year of training is part of the residency), or federal or military training approval. For residency training, the AOA verifies successful completion of an ACGME training program before approving the training. The AOA is using customer surveys and online applications to improve the review process for applicants.
The Climbing Performance, Neuromuscular Transmitter (ACHE) Activity, Reproductive Performance and Survival of Drosophila melanogaster Fed Diet with Mangifera indica Cold Aqueous Leaf Extract
Authors: Alexander Etuh Monday , Aguiyi John Chinyere , Mdekera Iorjiim Walter , Ogwu Ochala Sunshine , Imoleayo Oyeniran Oluwatosin , Ugokwe Chinelo Vera , Pam Dung 
Published: October 2019

Objective: To screen the toxic effect of Mangifera indica aqueous leaf extract in Drosophila melanogaster.
Materials and Methods: Phytochemical screening was carried out. 20 Adult flies were exposed to 7.5 mg, 15 mg, 30 mg, 45 mg and 100 mg /10 g diet for acute toxicity (168hrs) while 50 flies were exposed to 2.5 mg, 5 mg and 10 mg/10 g diet for sub chronic (28 days). All concentrations were prepared in 1000µl of distilled water and replicated three (3) times. Diet+1000µl of Distilled water served as control. Fecundity/developmental toxicity, Climbing and AChE activities were carried out by exposing flies to the sub-chronic concentrations for 5 days.
Results: Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, phenols, flavonoids, tannins, saponins and terpenoids. The acute toxicity test showed 100% mortality at 100 mg/ 10 g diet and 168hrs LC50 was 72.4 mg/10 g diet. The sub chronic toxicity test showed decrease in flies survival along concentration with a least survival at 10 mg/10 g diet. There was a slight reduction and elevation in the Climbing and AChE activities respectively but not statistically significant (p>0.05) compared to control. At 5 mg and 10 mg/10 g diet there was a delay in the development with few emerged flies.
Conclusion: From the Results, it can be concluded that Mangiferaindica aqueous leaf extract may be toxic at high dose from 72.4 mg/10 g diet and might have an adverse effect on the development and survival of flies at sub chronic concentration as low as 2.5 mg/10g diet.
Differing trophic niches of three French stygobionts and their implications for conservation of endemic stygofauna
Authors: Ercoli Fabio , Lefebvre François , Delangle Marjorie , Godé Nil , Caillon Michel , Raimond Roland , Souty‐Grosset Catherine 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Groundwater ecosystems represent the greatest proportion of unfrozen freshwater on Earth and harbour high numbers of rare taxa with restricted distributions. Stygofaunal abundance, species richness, and ecology play essential roles in groundwater ecosystem services and functioning, as well as providing an important contribution to global biodiversity. However, as global depletion and contamination of groundwater pose serious and often irreversible threats to stygofauna, more information is urgently needed about the ecology of rare groundwater species to guide effective strategies for their conservation or restoration.
In this study, analyses of carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes were used to compare and evaluate trophic niches and diets of a vulnerable stygobiont isopod, Gallasellus heilyi living in sympatry in French groundwater ecosystems with the isopod Caecosphaeroma burgundum and the amphipod Niphargus ladmiraulti.
Stable isotope results showed trophic niche partitioning among the three stygobiont species and indicated that G. heilyi and C. burgundum occupy the role of primary consumers and N. ladmiraulti that of predator. Moreover, although G. heilyi and C. burgundum were shown to rely on the same food sources, indicating similar diets, and their trophic niches did not overlap, suggesting trophic specialization.
The results suggest that detritus (i.e. decaying organic material) is an important food source for G. heilyi, and its availability could determine the survival of this endangered species. As a practical conservation measure for G. heilyi and the whole stygofauna community, we suggest reconnecting surface and subterranean ecosystems, as they probably were before natural sinks and many wells were filled up or closed.
Developing an empirical measure of everyday information mastering
Authors: Heinström Jannica , Sormunen Eero , Savolainen Reijo , Ek Stefan 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe aim of the study was to develop an empirical measure for everyday information mastering (EIM). EIM describes the ways that individuals, based on their beliefs, attitudes, and expectations, orient themselves to information as a resource of everyday action. The key features of EIM were identified by conceptual analysis focusing on three EIM frameworks. Four modes of EIM—Proactive, Social, Reactive, and Passive—and their 12 constituents were identified. A survey of 39 items was developed in two pilot studies to operationalize the identified modes as measurable EIM constituents. The respondents in the main study were upper secondary school students (n = 412). Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was applied to validate subscales for each EIM constituent. Seven subscales emerged: Inquiring and Scanning in the Proactive mode, Social media‐centered, and Experiential in the Social mode, and Information poor, Overwhelmed, and Blunting in the Passive mode. Two constituents, Serendipitous and Intuitive, were not supported in the EFA. The findings highlight that the core constituents of an individual's everyday information mastering can be operationalized as psychometric scales. The instrument contributes to the systematic empirical study of EIM constituents and their relationships. The study further sheds light on key modes of EIM.
Mid‐manufacturing storage: Antibody stability after chromatography and precipitation based capture steps
Authors: Krepper Walpurga , Burgstaller Daniel , Jungbauer Alois , Satzer Peter 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAntibodies of the IgG2 subclass were captured from the clarified cell culture fluid either by protein A chromatography or by polyethylene glycol precipitation. The captured intermediates were stored as neutralized eluates (protein A chromatography) or in solid form as polyethylene glycol precipitates over a period of 13 months at three temperatures, −20°C, 5°C, and room temperature to compare the capture technologies in regard of the resulting product storability. Monomer content, high molecular mass impurities product loss and changes in the composition of the charge variants were determined at six time points during the storage. At the beginning and end of the study, samples were additionally tested by differential scanning calorimetry, differential scanning fluorimetry, and circular dichroism to determine structural alterations occurring during storage. Protein A purified material was highly stable at all tested temperatures in regard of monomer content and product losses. A transient, acidic isoform was formed during the chromatography step which re‐converted to the main charged variant upon storage within a matter of days. Precipitated antibodies could be stored at −20 or 5°C for 3 months without product losses but afterwards recovery yields dropped to 65%. At room temperature, the precipitated antibody was not stable and degraded within 3 months.
High throughput screening of ultrafiltration and diafiltration processing of monoclonal antibodies via the ambr® crossflow system
Authors: Fernandez‐Cerezo Lara , Wismer Michael K. , Han InKwan , Pollard Jennifer M. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAs the biopharmaceutical industry moves toward high concentration of monoclonal antibody drug substance, additional development is required early on when material is still limited. A key constraint is the availability of predictive high‐throughput low‐volume filtration screening systems for bioprocess development. This particularly impacts final stages such as ultrafiltration/diafiltration steps where traditional scale‐down systems need hundreds of milliliters of material per run. Recently, the ambr® crossflow system has been commercialized by Sartorius Stedim Biotech (SSB) to meet this need. It enables parallel high throughput experimentation by only using a fraction of typical material requirements. Critical parameters for predictive filtration systems include loading, mean transmembrane pressure (Δ
TMP), and crossflow rate (QF). While axial pressure drop (ΔPaxial) across the cartridge is a function of these parameters, it plays a key role and similar values should result across scales. The ambr® crossflow system is first presented describing typical screening experiments. Its performance is then compared to a traditional pilot‐scale tangential flow filtration (TFF) at defined conditions. The original ambr® crossflow (CF) cartridge underperformed resulting in ~20x lower ΔPaxial than the pilot‐scale TFF flat‐sheet cassette. With an objective to improve the scalability of the system, efforts were made to understand this scale difference. The ambr® CF cartridge was successfully modified by restricting the flow of the feed channel, and thus increasing its ΔPaxial. Additional studies across a range of loading (100–823 gm−2); Δ
TMP (12–18 psi); and QF (4–8 L/min/m2) were conducted in both scales. Comparable flux and aggregate levels were achieved.
OleD Loki as a Catalyst for Hydroxamate Glycosylation
Authors: Hughes Ryan R. , Shaaban Khaled A. , Ponomareva Larissa V. , Horn Jamie , Zhang Chunhui , Zhan Chang‐Guo , Voss S. Randal , Leggas Markos , Thorson Jon S. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractHerein we describe the ability of the permissive glycosyltransferase (GT) OleD Loki to convert a diverse set of >15 histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors (HDACis) into their corresponding hydroxamate glycosyl esters. Representative glycosyl esters were subsequently evaluated in assays for cancer cell line cytotoxicity, chemical and enzymatic stability, and axolotl embryo tail regeneration. Computational substrate docking models were predictive of enzyme‐catalyzed turnover and suggest certain HDACis may form unproductive, potentially inhibitory, complexes with GTs.
Toward 18F‐Labeled Theranostics: A Single Agent that Can Be Labeled with 18F, 64Cu, or 177Lu
Authors: Lepage Mathieu L. , Kuo Hsiou‐Ting , Roxin Áron , Huh Sungjoon , Zhang Zhengxing , Kandasamy Rajaguru , Merkens Helen , Kumlin Joel O. , Limoges Alan , Zeisler Stefan K. , Lin Kuo‐Shyan , Bénard François , Perrin David M. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractWe report a single‐molecule radiotracer that can be labeled independently with 18F‐fluoride or radiometals (64Cu, 177Lu) in a single step. A prostate‐specific membrane antigen (PSMA)‐targeting ligand, armed with both an organotrifluoroborate and a metal‐chelator (DOTA), was designed to optionally afford 18F‐, 64Cu‐ or 177Lu‐labeled products that were injected into mice bearing prostate cancer (LNCaP) xenografts. PET/CT images and ex vivo biodistribution data show high, specific tumor uptake irrespective of which radionuclide is used, thereby demonstrating a new approach to combining, in a single molecule, 18F‐labeling capabilities for PET imaging with radiometalation for potential imaging and therapeutic applications.
Numerical Investigation of Pressure Drop in Single Pellet String Reactors
Authors: Fernengel Johanna , Bolton Leslie , Hinrichsen Olaf 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIn narrow fixed‐bed reactors the influence of the confining wall on pressure drop cannot be neglected. Here, the pressure drop in single pellet string reactors, a limiting case of fixed‐bed reactors with a cylinder‐to‐particle diameter ratio below 2, is studied using computational fluid dynamics simulations. Deviations to the Ergun, and more specifically Blake‐Kozeny equation are evident though the general trend is met. A geometry‐based weighting factor is introduced to scale the influence of the confining wall in an equivalent diameter expression. Agreement between numerical simulation and pressure drop predictions from correlation are thereby improved significantly.
Metal‐Organic‐Framework‐Derived MCo2O4 (M=Mn and Zn) Nanosheet Arrays on Carbon Cloth as Integrated Anodes for Energy Storage Applications
Authors: Huang Tingting , Lou Zheng , Lu Yao , Li Rui , Jiang Yuan , Shen Guozhen , Chen Di 
Published: October 2019

AbstractElectrode materials with special microstructures derived from metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) exhibited high performance in electrochemical energy storage devices. In this manuscript, using freshly prepared Co−MOF nanosheet arrays as the self‐sacrificed template, MCo2O4 (M=Mn and Zn) nanosheet arrays were successfully grown on carbon cloth (CC) by using a facile solution method. As‐prepared MnCo2O4@CC and ZnCo2O4@CC were used as the integrated electrodes for supercapacitors and Li‐ion batteries. Studies found that both integrated electrodes delivered high capacity and a long cycling life of 20 000 cycles with the capacity retention of 95.5 % for MnCo2O4@CC and 94.7 % for ZnCo2O4@CC at the current density of 50 mA cm−2, respectively. Assembled into asymmetric supercapacitors with carbon nanosheet arrays@CC (CNS@CC), the obtained maximum energy densities were measured to be 25.6 Wh kg−1 at the power density of 3.4 kW kg−1 for MnCo2O4@CC//CNS@CC based device and 22.7 Wh kg−1 at the power density of 4.1 kW kg−1 for ZnCo2O4@CC//CNS@CC based device, respectively. In addition, both integrated electrodes also showed good lithium storage performance, delivering high capacities of 1289 mA h/g (MnCo2O4@CC) and 1376 mA h/g (ZnCo2O4@CC) even after 200 cycles at the current density of 1 A g−1, respectively. The outstanding performances suggest the potential of both nanosheet arrays integrated electrodes for extensive applications in energy storage devices.
In Situ Transmission Electron Microscopy Study of Nanocrystal Formation for Electrocatalysis
Authors: Shi Fenglei , Li Fan , Ma Yanling , Zheng Feiyu , Feng Rui , Song Chengyi , Tao Peng , Shang Wen , Deng Tao , Wu Jianbo 
Published: October 2019

AbstractElectrocatalysts play a critical role in electrochemical catalytic processes. In order to rationally design active and durable electrocatalysts, it is crucial to have a deep understanding on the formation mechanism of the electrocatalysts. With the development of in situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques, it is possible to observe nanoscale behaviors in real‐time to probe the formation of various electrocatalysts. Here, the nucleation, growth, attachment, diffusion, corrosion and other nanoscale dynamics related to the formation of zero‐dimensional (0D), one‐dimensional (1D), and two‐dimensional (2D) nanomaterials are discussed. The current challenges and potential opportunities for in situ techniques towards observation of electrocatalyst formation including high resolution, fast imaging and beam effect are also described.
Epilepsy, impaired functioning, and quality of life in patients with tuberous sclerosis complex
Authors: Vergeer Menno , de Ranitz‐Greven Wendela L. , Neary Maureen P. , Ionescu‐Ittu Raluca , Emond Bruno , Sheng Duh Mei , Jansen Floor , Zonnenberg Bernard A. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo estimate health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) and associated manifestations and to identify potential factors associated with HRQoL in this population of patients.MethodsWe performed a retrospective chart review of adults with TSC who attended the outpatient clinic of the University Medical Center Utrecht in the Netherlands from 1990 to 2015 (N = 363; on average 33.6 years of follow‐up). HRQoL data were assessed in 2012 using the Health Utility Index version 3 (HUI‐3) questionnaire completed by patients or caregivers (N = 214 with HUI score and ≥1 TSC manifestation, including renal angiomyolipomas [rAMLs], subependymal giant cell astrocytoma [SEGA], or epilepsy).ResultsOf 214 patients in the study sample, 171 had TSC‐associated epilepsy (with or without rAML/SEGA), 37 had TSC and rAML (without epilepsy or SEGA), and 6 had other combinations of manifestations. The median HUI score for the 214 patients with ≥1 TSC manifestation was 0.51 (−0.371 to 1 scale, 1 = perfect health, 0 = death, <0 = worse than death). Among all components used to build the overall HUI score, the cognition component had the lowest score (mean = 0.47; 0‐1 scale). Patients with TSC‐epilepsy had significantly lower overall HUI than patients with TSC and rAML only (median HUI = 0.31 vs 0.95, P < .05), especially those who were in refractory state for prolonged periods of time (median HUI = −0.11 among patients with seizures during the entire duration of their follow‐up time). In multivariate analyses, severe impairment of daily functioning was the strongest predictor of HRQoL decrement (adjusted HUI difference between patients with severe vs. no impairment = −0.55, P < .05).SignificanceThis study showed that TSC‐related epilepsy is associated with lower HUI, especially for patients who have refractory seizures for prolonged periods of time. Early and effective interventions to control or reduce seizures and preserve patients’ cognitive functions may help to improve patients’ quality of life.
On the role of (weak) compressibility for fluid‐structure interaction solvers
Authors: La Spina Andrea , Förster Christiane , Kronbichler Martin , Wall Wolfgang A. 
Published: October 2019

SummaryIn the present study, a weakly compressible formulation of the Navier‐Stokes equations is developed and examined for the solution of fluid‐structure interaction (FSI) problems. Newtonian viscous fluids under isothermal conditions are considered, and the Murnaghan‐Tait equation of state is employed for the evaluation of mass density changes with pressure. A pressure‐based approach is adopted to handle the low Mach number regime, ie, the pressure is chosen as primary variable, and the divergence‐free condition of the velocity field for incompressible flows is replaced by the continuity equation for compressible flows. The approach is then embedded into a partitioned FSI solver based on a Dirichlet‐Neumann coupling scheme. It is analytically demonstrated how this formulation alleviates the constraints of the instability condition of the artificial added mass effect, due to the reduction of the maximal eigenvalue of the so‐called added mass operator. The numerical performance is examined on a selection of benchmark problems. In comparison to a fully incompressible solver, a significant reduction of the coupling iterations and the computational time and a notable increase in the relaxation parameter evaluated according to Aitken's Δ2 method are observed.
Von der Verwebung der Textkulturen
Authors: Jäger Henrik 
Published: October 2019

AbstractVon Leibniz inspiriert, bereiteten der Jesuit François Noël und der Gelehrte Christian Wolff eingangs des 18. Jahrhunderts der klassischen chinesischen Philosophie in Europa den Weg. Vor allem ihre Auseinandersetzung mit den wichtigsten Schriften des Konfuzius erschloss bedeutende Quellen der philosophischen Reflexion und der Inspiration – sogar für die Aufklärung.
Improvement of gluten‐free bread and cake properties using natural hydrocolloids: A review
Authors: Salehi Fakhreddin 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe main wheat component responsible for bread and cake quality is gluten. Celiac disease is an autoimmune digestive disease that is caused by the digestion of gluten, and the only treatment of this disease is a gluten‐free diet. Various gluten‐free formulations (composite and wheatless flours) have applied gums (as gluten substitutes) to mimic the viscoelastic properties of gluten. In the bakery products, gums have been used to improve dough performance, bread and cake characteristics, textural and sensorial quality, and extension the products shelf life. This paper reviews the effect of the most common and new hydrocolloids (balangu seed, wild sage seed, basil seed, cress seed, xanthan, guar, starch carrageenan, methylcellulose, carboxy methyl cellulose, hydroxyl propyl methyl cellulose, and locust bean gums) on the rheological, physicochemical, textural, and quality characteristics of gluten‐free breads and cakes. Gums affect gelatinization and retrogradation of starch through a strong association of amylose with gum, resulting in a decrease in the retrogradation of starch. Gums addition increased volume and porosity of the breads and cakes and resulted in softer products.
Gleisstopfen: Modellierung der Stopfpickel‐Schotterbett‐Interaktion
Authors: Barbir Olja , Pistrol Johannes , Kopf Fritz , Adam Dietmar , Auer Florian , Antony Bernhard 
Published: October 2019

AbstractDer Zustand des Gleisschotterbetts ist einer der wichtigsten Faktoren für den sicheren und ökonomischen Betrieb von Gleisanlagen. Um den idealen Zeitpunkt für die Schotterreinigung oder die Erneuerung des Schotters zu finden bzw. auch um die Gebrauchstauglichkeit und Leistung über den gesamten Lebenszyklus zu erhöhen, ist die Kenntnis über den Schotterzustand bzw. über die Abnutzung des Schotters von größter Wichtigkeit. Das Gleisstopfen als zentraler Prozess der Gleisinstandhaltungsarbeiten beeinflusst die Instandhaltungsintervalle maßgeblich und ist notwendig für die Wiederherstellung der korrekten Gleislage. Während des Stopfvorgangs bilden die Stopfpickel ein dynamisches Interaktionssystem mit dem Gleisschotter. Die translatorische Beistellbewegung wird durch die dynamische Anregung der Pickel überlagert, um den Gleisschotter unterhalb der Schwellen bestmöglich zu verdichten. Die genannte Interaktion wurde an verschiedenen Standorten in Österreich messtechnisch erfasst und dient als Grundlage für einen Vergleich mit den Ergebnissen eines neu entwickelten, semi‐analytischen mechanischen Modells. Schlussfolgerungen bzgl. des unterschiedlichen Verhaltens und Widerstands gegen weitere Verdichtung von abgenutztem und neuem Schotter werden getroffen und im vorliegenden Beitrag diskutiert.