bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative Effectiveness of Anesthetics Subtenon Injection in Phacoemulsification of Cataracts
Authors: Onischenko A. L. , Popova A. S. , Kolbasko A. V. , Vlasenko A. Y. 
Published: July 2018

Purpose. Currently cataract surgery is a high-tech procedure that is usually performed on an outpatient basis under local anesthesia. To perform anesthesia, novocaine, lidocaine, bupivokaine, and others are used. The recently published articles suggest a ropivacaine as a new anesthetic in ophthalmology. In connection with this, the purpose of the present paper was to study the efficacy of ropivacaine in subtenon anesthesia with Phaco.Patients and methods.We have examined 318 patients (318 eyes) with age-related cataracts, which have been operated by Phaco on the “Infinity” (“Alcon”) device using standard methods. During the operation, 156 patients have been under subtenon anesthesia by administering 1.5 ml of ropivacaine solution (0.75 mg/ml). 162 patients underwent subtenon anesthesia with 1.5 ml of a 1% solution of lidocaine. The distribution of patients by groups was carried out using a random number generator. Results.144 patients did not feel pain during the operation. Among them, most patients were anesthetized with ropivacaine (68%). Only 32% of patients operated with lidocaine anesthesia did not feel pain (p < 0.05). Ropivacaine anesthesia had pain intensity averaged 2.1 ± 1.6 points, median 2 points (1–2), lidocaine –3.1 ± 1.5 points, median 3 points (2–4) (U = 4,714, p < 0.001). The risk of pain syndrome when using lidocaine in comparison with ropivacaine is twice as high. We have found that the intensity of pain during Phaco surgery did not have gender and age differences. There was no dependence of the pain syndrome on the predominant type of cataract — cortical (n = 181) or nuclear (137) ((χ2 = 1.066, p = 0.302), as well as the cataract stage.
The Functional State of Meibomian Glands and Tear Production in Pregnant Women
Authors: Trubilin V. N. , Poluninа E. G. , Andzhelova D. V. , Evstigneeva Yu. V. , Chinenova K. V. 
Published: July 2018

Pregnant women are objects of special medical attention due to the fact that the new life — the life of her child — depends on the health and quality of life of the future mother. Pregnancy is a physiological load. It makes temporary changes in the functional state of all organs and systems, including the organ of vision. This study was aimed at identifying risk factors for the occurrence of disturbances in the tear-producing system — dysfunction of the Meibomian glands and/or dry eye syndrome (SSH), as well as to develop recommendations for compensating of disturbance. The study showed that physiological pregnancy does not affect to the condition of the ocular surface in case of absence of dry eye syndrome manifestations and Meibomian gland dysfunction before pregnancy. However, there is a predisposition for the development of the symptom complex of dry eye syndrome — a reliable decrease Schirmer test indicators of the test of in the group of pregnant women, it requires preventive control, — reduction in the mode of wearing contact lenses, which are a risk factor for the development of dry eye syndrome. It was determined that in vitro fertilization (IVF) affects to the condition of the ocular surface, namely, on the occurrence of dysfunction of Meibomian glands and dry eye syndrome, and is accompanied by corresponding complaints. There is a direct correlation between the duration of gestation, age indicators, the severity of complaints and their relationship to pregnancy. A direct was established, with a noticeable tightness of communication, between taking thyrotrophic drugs and complaints on dryness and discomfort. Therefore, special attention should be given to pregnant patients taking thyrotrophic medications and using contact lenses, since both of these factors provoke the development of the dry eye symptom complex. Patients with IVF pregnancy and accompanied by taking thyrotrophic drugs are recommended to limit the mode of wearing contact lenses, in case of complaints on dryness, discomfort, it is necessary to conduct therapeutic and prophylactic effects in the form of non-conserved tear-replacement therapy and eyelid hygiene. Timely diagnosis and subsequent prevention of Meibomian glands and dry eye syndrome in pregnant women will improve the quality of life of this patients group and prevent the development of complications related to this condition.
New Properties of the Heparin-Containing Drug in vitro (Potential Antiviral and Anti-Inflammatory Effects)
Authors: Chernakova G. M. , Maychuk D. Yu. , Slonimsky Yu. B. , Slonimskiy A. Yu. , Kleshcheva E. A. , Mezentseva M. V. 
Published: July 2018

Purpose: to study the cytological, immunological and antiviral effects of the HILOPARIN-KOMOD® drug in vitro.Material and methods.We used transplantable cultures of normal cells of the human Chang conjunctiva, and the kidney cells of the Vero monkeys. The cytotoxic effect of the HILOPARIN-KOMOD® was determined by the effect on the cell viability, and by optical density (OP) of the monolayer of the Chang conjunctiva cell culture using the enzyme immunoassay (ELISA) with MTT. The effect of the drug on the functional activity of conjunctival cells was evaluated by the production of cytokines at the level of their in vitro transcription. The antiviral effect of the drug HILOPARIN-KOMOD® was studied on the Vero cell line infected with herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and HSV type 2 (HSV-2). The viral activity of HSV-1 and HSV-2 and the antiherpetic effect after the drug was evaluated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results.No significant cytotoxic effect on the metabolism of conjunctival cells of the preparation HILOPARINKOMOD ® in dilutions from 1/2 to 1/2048 was revealed (in comparison with the control). The effect of the drug in dilutions of 1/40 and 1/1000 on the culture of the conjunctival cells resulted in suppression of the production of interferon λ-1 mRNA (IFNλ-1) and IFNλ-2 mRNA compared to the control. In the dilution of preparation 1/1000, the production of mRNA of interleukin-6 (IL-6) was not revealed with simultaneous presence of IL-10 mRNA. In different dilutions of the drug, the number of copies of HSV-1 virus DNA decreased in comparison with the control in all cases, the greatest antiviral effect was achieved in a 1: 2 dilution. The effect of the preparation HILOPARIN-KOMOD® on the culture of cells infected with HSV-2 in dilutions of 1: 2 and 1: 5 led to a decrease in the level of viral replication by 300 and 40 times, respectively.The conclusion.The drug HILOPARIN-KOMOD® has an anti-inflammatory effect that manifests itself in suppressing the synthesis of the mRNA of the acute phase proinflammatory cytokine IL-6 and stimulating the production of anti-inflammatory IL-10 mRNA, without having a cytotoxic effect on conjunctival cells. The proven antiviral effect of the drug makes it possible to recommend the inclusion of HILOPARIN-KOMOD® in the scheme of therapy of patients with viral ophthalmopathology.
Non-Conservative Therapy in the Prevention of Subepithelial Fibroplasia after LASEK Hypermetropia Correction
Authors: Korotkikh S. A. , Bogachev A. E. , Shamkin A. S. 
Published: July 2018

The results of observation of patients who underwent vision eximerlaser correction by the LASEK method regarding medium degree of hyperopia were analyzed.Purpose:to investigate the severity of the «dry eye» syndrome and corneal subepithelial fibroplasia in patients after laser correction of hyperopia by the LASEK method, and their prevention by reducing the preservative action on the eye surface.Patients and methods.The study included 40 patients (76 eyes), aged 21–46 years (32.98 ± 1.79) who underwent LASEK surgery for moderate hyperopia (4.03 ± 0.38 D). Patients were divided into two groups: 1) control group (20 patients, 37 eyes) — postoperative therapy included the corneoprotector “Stilavit®” and the preparation of hyaluronic acid “Oksial®”, containing preservatives; 2) the study group (20 patients, 39 eyes) — postoperative therapy included the corneoprotector “Hilozar-comod®” and the artificial tear preparation “Hilo-comod®”, which did not contain reservatives. Ophthalmic examination included, in addition to standard diagnostic methods, the Norn test, the Schirmer test, the staining of the eye surface with lissamine green. In addition, a questionnaire was conducted on a modified OSDI questionnaire; there a section characterizing the quality of vision (section B) was removed.Results.The analysis of the obtained data showed that in the study group there was less pronounced “dry eye” syndrome at 3,6,12 months after the operation. The maximum difference in the indicators of the “dry eye” syndrome between the groups was at 3 and 6 months of the postoperative period. When evaluating corneal subepithelial fibroplasia, maximum attention was paid to the frequency and the intensity index. It was shown a significant difference in the intensity of the haze between the study group and the control group by 26.1 % at 3 months, by 62.2 % at 6 months and by 65.3 % 12 months after the operation. Conclusion.Nonconservative therapy with sodium hyaluronate and dexapanthenol in the early postoperative period and only sodium hydrolurate allows to reduce the severity of the dry eye syndrome after laser correction of hypermetropia and, as a result, to reduce the intensity of haze development by 65.3 %, and its frequency on 11,5 %.
Autogestão popular e autoeducação: a experiência de Oaxaca – México (2006)
Authors: Silva Cláudio Rodrigues da 
Published: July 2018

Trata-se de resenha do livro El Pueblo ensaya la revolución. La APPO y el sistema de dominación oaxaqueño. Esse livro, de autoria de Marco Estrada Saavedra, foi publicado em em 2016 por El Colégio de México, Centro de Estudios Sociológicos.
CARDIOPROTECTIVE PROPERTIES OF LISINOPRIL: NEW POSSIBILITIES
Authors: Podzolkov Мю Шю , Tarzimanova A. I. , Gataulin R. G. 
Published: July 2018

Aim. To study the changes in the stiffness of the arterial wall, vasomotor function of the endothelium, and appearance of new cases of atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients with arterial hypertension with long-term treatment with lisinopril.Material and method. 66 hypertensive patients with cardiac sinus rhythm at the age of 48-64 years (mean age 58.4±4.2 years) were included into the study. They were randomized into 2 groups: patients of group 1 (n=35) were prescribed lisinopril or a combination of lisinopril with hydrochlorothiazide over the 5-year follow-up; patients of group 2 (control) did not receive angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin II receptor blockers. The follow-up duration was from September 2010 until June 2016. It included telephone calls once every 3 months and annual clinical, instrumental and laboratory examination. The new-onset AF was identified by the 24-hour Holter ECG monitoring results and by patient symptom diaries.Results. New-onset AF was registered in 2 patients (6%) in the lisinopril group and in 4 patients (13%) from the control group (p=0.001) over the 5-year follow-up. Lisinopril significantly reduced AF incidence in hypertensive patients. The patients on lisinopril were found to have no significant changes in the left ventricular mass index and left atrial size according to echocardiography done after the 5-year follow-up whereas in the patients of control group both parameters increased significantly. Lisinopril contributed to the maintenance of endothelial vasodilator function and prevented increase in arterial wall stiffness.Conclusion. Long term lisinopril treatment was found to significantly reduce the AF incidence in hypertensive patients over the 5-year follow-up. Lisinopril demonstrated organoprotective properties throughout the cardiovascular disease continuum and can be recommended for primary prevention of arrhythmia in hypertensive patients.
ROLE OF SYNTAX SCORE SCALE IN THE STRATIFICATION OF THE NOSOCOMIAL RISK OF CARDIOVASCULAR COMPLICATIONS AND LETHALITY IN PATIENTS WITH ST-SEGMENT ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
Authors: Nemik D. B. , Matyushin G. V. , Ustyugov S. A. 
Published: July 2018

The lethality of patients with acute myocardial infarction with ST-segment elevation (STEMI) depends on many factors. In conditions of timely transportation of the patient to the center of percutaneous coronary intervention one of these factors is the severity of the coronary bed lesion. In clinical practice, the most common method of assessing such lesions is the SYNTAX Score scale.Aim. To study the impact of the assessment by angiographic SYNTAX Score scale on in-hospital complications and lethality in patients with STEMI.Material and methods. The single-center observational retrospective study was performed. The medical data of 816 cases of treatment of patients with STEMI in the first 6 hours from the onset of symptoms were analyzed. All patients underwent reperfusion therapy (primary percutaneous coronary intervention or pharmacoinvasive strategy (FIS)) with assessment of the SYNTAX Score index prior to intervention. The main group (SYNTAX Score ≤22 points) and the comparison group (SYNTAX Score index >22 points) were comparable in terms of clinical characteristics and time delays.Results. An increase in the SYNTAX Score more than 22 points was an independent predictor of hospital complications and lethality (4.9% for SYNTAX Score ≤22 points and 21.9% – for >22 points). The group with a high SYNTAX index was older, had a higher proportion of smokers (46.8% vs 36.1%, p=0.015) and patients with myocardial infarction history (38.5% vs 20.6%, p<0.001), fewer patients to whom the FIS was applied (33.3% vs 45.7%; p=0.017). Nevertheless, in multivariate analysis, the initial clinical data of patients influenced the hospital prognosis, first of all in patients with SYNTAX Score ≤22 points. The group with a more severe lesion of the coronary bed was represented by patients with frequent development of pulmonary edema, cardiogenic shock and ventricular fibrillation. Cardiac complications in this group of patients were less dependent on the initial characteristics. Strong SYNTAX Score correlations were found with left ventricular ejection fraction (r=-0.156, p<0.001), the number of implanted stents (r=0.226, p<0.001), and with complications and lethality. The frequency of hemorrhagic complications did not depend on the severity of the coronary bed lesion.Conclusion. The use of the SYNTAX Score scale in clinical practice is scientifically grounded and advisable. Stratification of high-risk patients with STEMI during primary angiography based on the SYNTAX Score scale has a high prognostic value.
RELATION OF DISTURBANCES IN THE ERYTHROCYTES ELECTRICAL ACTIVITY WITH DYSLIPIDEMIA IN THE METABOLIC SYNDROME
Authors: Podzolkov V. I. , Koroleva T. V. , Bragina A. E. , Kudryavtseva M. G. , Bragina G. I. , Pisarev M. V. 
Published: July 2018

Aim. To study the erythrocyte electric charge (EEC) in patients with metabolic syndrome (MS).Material and methods. 112 patients (mean age 61.4±7.2 years) with MS (average duration of MS 8.7±5.2 years) were examined. Control group consisted of healthy volunteers (n=25) of similar age. The level of EEC was detected by the method of adsorption of a positive cationic dye (cationic blue O) on the surface of the erythrocyte plasma membrane up to the complete neutralization of their negative charge, followed by photometry of the solution and calculation of the number of charges on the erythrocyte cell surface. The results of the study were processed by Statistica 10.0 software.Results. Hypertension was found in 73% of patients with MS, hyperglycemia – in 39%, diabetes – in 36%, dyslipidemia – in 80% of patients. The EEC in MS patients (1.59±0.05×107) was lower than this in the control group (1.65±0.03×107; p<0.05). With MS duration more than 5 years, the EEC was significantly lower in comparison with control group (p<0.05). In patients with obesity II-III degrees as well as dyslipidemia the EEC values were significantly lower vs control group (p<0.05). In patients with MS, a significant negative correlation of EEC with total cholesterol (r=-0.51, p<0.05) and triglycerides (r=-0.51, p<0.05) levels were revealed.Conclusion. In patients with MS with increase in the MS duration, degree of obesity and lipid metabolism disorders, significantly lower values of EEC were observed.
FEATURES OF HEART LESIONS IN PATIENTS WITH VIRAL LIVER CIRRHOSIS
Authors: Chistyakova M. V. , Govorin A. V. 
Published: July 2018

Aim.To study the structural and functional parameters of the heart, as well as the effect of antiviral therapy on certain cardiohemodynamic parameters in patients with viral liver cirrhosis (VLC).Material and methods. 96 patients with VLC (median age 42.1 [36;44] years, median duration of the disease – 3.5 [2.8;6.7] years) were examined. Patients without ascites (n=59) were included into the 1st group, and patients with ascites (n=37) – into the 2nd group. The control group included 21 healthy volunteers. Standard and tissue echocardiography, Holter monitoring of electrocardiogram were performed in all participants.Results. Ventricular extrasystoles (class I to IVB) were found in 8 (13%) patients of the 1st group and in 12 (33%) patients in the 2nd group. The corrected interval of QT in the patients of the 1st group was 457.9 [442;468] msec, in the second group – 478 [433;502] msec, in control – 427.9 [406;438] msec (p<0.001). Supraventricular arrhythmias were represented by supraventricular extrasystoles in 15 (25%) patients of the 1st group and 18 (50%) – of the 2nd group; paroxysmal atrial fibrillation in 2 (3%) and 7 (19%) patients, respectively. The systolic velocity Sm of the lateral wall (3, 9 segments) in patients with ascites was lower by 23% and 25%, respectively, compared with the patients of the 1st group; Tei index increased in patients with ascites compared with the control group and the 1st group, p<0.001. In patients with VLC without ascites, the parameters characterizing the mass of the myocardium of the left ventricle increased, the left atrium and pulmonary artery widened. These disorders increased in patients with ascites; besides the systolic pressure in the pulmonary artery increased, and segmental and global systolic function of the left ventricle decreased. Antiviral therapy was accompanied by a decrease in the mass of the left ventricular myocardium, the index of left atrial volume and systolic pressure in the pulmonary artery.Сonclusion. The increase in the myocardium mass of left ventricle, left atrium, pulmonary artery diameter, as well as cardiac arrhythmia and prolongation of the corrected QT interval were found in patients with VLC without ascites. These changes were more pronounced in patients with ascites, and additionally they increased pressure in the pulmonary artery and decreased systolic function of the ventricles of the heart. The antiviral therapy had a positive effect on some cardiohemodynamic parameters.
STUDI MULTIKASUS: EPIDEMI PERILAKU MEROKOK Dl KALANGAN REMAJA DAN IMPLIKASINYA DALAM PENDIDIKAN
Authors: Efendi Mohammad 
Published: July 2018

The purpose of this study is to describe smoking behavior of youth. The methods are quatitative, and a multiple case study. Data gathered in the study show that smoking behavior performed by youth has reached a critical level. The Determinant factor influencing their behavior is social environment, such as school, family, and society. Based on findings, it is neglected that education insitution either formal or informal, and youth organizations do serious efforts to minimize smoking behavior. Also, they should run a continous program to promote healthy life among youth.
STRATEGI PEMBELAJARAN PENDIDIKAN LUAR SEKOLAH
Authors: Wahyujati Bertha Bintari 
Published: July 2018

Instructional strategy is one of important factors to achieve instructional objectives. The instructional strategy developed for a teaching and learning situation will be effective if instructional methods and models are appropriately selected. This article discusses some considerations upon the selection of appopriate instructional strategies and describes a case study in life skills training. The case proves the significant role of appropriate instructional strategies in achieving training objectives.
PERANAN LEMBAGA PENDIDIKAN TENAGA KEPENDIDIKAN DALAM PENGEMBANGAN KUALITAS PENDIDIK DAN TENAGA KEPENDIDIKAN PENDIDIKAN NON FORMAL
Authors: Sudjana D. 
Published: July 2018

To provide access to education for all Indonesians, the government develops both formal and nonformal education both of which are to produce qualified man power as stated in the Acts of No. 20, 2003. However, to do this non-formal education should have teachers and education personnel fulfilling the requirements of quality and quantity. This article discusses a number of problems in providing teachers and education personnel for non formal education. It invites the universities organizing teachers training to develop programs for the teachers of nonformal education. Due to the big number of the teachers with the variety of specialties needed at present and in the future, this article suggests developing and strengthening the existing teacher training program at the university to become a Faculty of Non Formal Teachers.
MULTIMEDIA INTERAKTIF SEBUAH TEROBOSAN PEMBELAJARAN PAKET B
Authors: Sudarmanto Dwi , KS Yetty Widya , Ekawati Yuni 
Published: July 2018

Due to a signicant increase of learning achievement using B Package using ICT it’s strongly recomended to use multimedia in teaching mathetmaticts. Information and communication technology (ICT), is developing so fast. Its development is not easy to predict. Now a days, ICT is utilized by almost all aspects of human life including education. The research conducted was regarding the use of ICT to teach math. It was how influential interactive media can be used to facilitate instructional program of B Package to teach mathematics. Rasearch findings indicate that there is significant increase in learning achievement of B Package program participants by using interactive multimedia. This article recommends, therefore, using ICT based instructions with variety of interactive multimedia.
PARTISIPASI PEREMPUAN DALAM PENGAMBILAN KEPUTUSAN DI TINGKAT DESA
Authors: Widayati Tri 
Published: July 2018

This research aims at (a) finding out the participation of female members of The Board of Village Representatives (BPD) in Banyudono Subdistrict, Boyolali District, in initation, legitimation, exution, and evaluation of the decisions at the village level, (b) discovering internal and external factors in the participation, and (c) formulating some suggestions in developing the programs of empowering the females roles of BPD members. Results indicate very low participation of BPD female members in initation, legitimation, and evaluation but moderately high in the excution of decisions. Although they have high formal education, they lack in nonformal and informal education wich make them weak in attitude. Research suggests that (a) the female members of BPD should improve their knowledge in village government, budgetting, legislation, and supervision; (b) BPD should organise training for all its members; (c) the recruitment criteria for its members should be adjusted to the local society; and further study should be conducted to strengthen the role of female members of BPD.