bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characteristics and Transformation of Pacific Winter Water on the Chukchi Sea Shelf in Late Spring
Authors: Pacini Astrid , Moore G. W. K. , Pickart Robert S. , Nobre Carolina , Bahr Frank , Våge Kjetil , Arrigo Kevin R. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractData from a late spring survey of the northeast Chukchi Sea are used to investigate various aspects of newly ventilated winter water (NVWW). More than 96% of the water sampled on the shelf was NVWW, the saltiest (densest) of which tended to be in the main flow pathways on the shelf. Nearly all of the hydrographic profiles on the shelf displayed a two‐layer structure, with a surface mixed layer and bottom boundary layer separated by a weak density interface (on the order of 0.02 kg/m3). Using a polynya model to drive a one‐dimensional mixing model, it was demonstrated that, on average, the profiles would become completely homogenized within 14–25 hr when subjected to the March and April heat fluxes. A subset of the profiles would become homogenized when subjected to the May heat fluxes. Since the study domain contained numerous leads within the pack ice—many of them refreezing—and since some of the measured profiles were vertically uniform in density, this suggests that NVWW is formed throughout the Chukchi shelf via convection within small openings in the ice. This is consistent with the result that the salinity signals of the NVWW along the central shelf pathway cannot be explained solely by advection from Bering Strait or via modification within large polynyas. The local convection would be expected to stir nutrients into the water column from the sediments, which explains the high nitrate concentrations observed throughout the shelf. This provides a favorable initial condition for phytoplankton growth on the Chukchi shelf.
Gpr17 deficiency in POMC neurons ameliorates the metabolic derangements caused by long-term high-fat diet feeding
Authors: Reilly Austin M. , Zhou Shudi , Panigrahi Sunil K. , Yan Shijun , Conley Jason M. , Sheets Patrick L. , Wardlaw Sharon L. , Ren Hongxia 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background
Proopiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus (ARH) control energy homeostasis by sensing hormonal and nutrient cues and activating secondary melanocortin sensing neurons. We identified the expression of a G protein-coupled receptor, Gpr17, in the ARH and hypothesized that it contributes to the regulatory function of POMC neurons on metabolism.

Methods
In order to test this hypothesis, we generated POMC neuron-specific Gpr17 knockout (PGKO) mice and determined their energy and glucose metabolic phenotypes on normal chow diet (NCD) and high-fat diet (HFD).

Results
Adult PGKO mice on NCD displayed comparable body composition and metabolic features measured by indirect calorimetry. By contrast, PGKO mice on HFD demonstrated a sexually dimorphic phenotype with female PGKO mice displaying better metabolic homeostasis. Notably, female PGKO mice gained significantly less body weight and adiposity (p < 0.01), which was associated with increased energy expenditure, locomotor activity, and respiratory quotient, while males did not have an overt change in energy homeostasis. Though PGKO mice of both sexes had comparable glucose and insulin tolerance, detailed analyses of liver gene expression and serum metabolites indicate that PGKO mice could have reduced gluconeogenesis and increased lipid utilization on HFD. To elucidate the central-based mechanism(s) underlying the better-preserved energy and glucose homeostasis in PGKO mice on HFD, we examined the electrophysiological properties of POMC neurons and found Gpr17 deficiency led to increased spontaneous action potentials. Moreover, PGKO mice, especially female knockouts, had increased POMC-derived alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone and beta-endorphin despite a comparable level of prohormone POMC in their hypothalamic extracts.

Conclusions
Gpr17 deficiency in POMC neurons protects metabolic homeostasis in a sex-dependent manner during dietary and aging challenges, suggesting that Gpr17 could be an effective anti-obesity target in specific populations with poor metabolic control.
Depletion of mitochondrial protease OMA1 alters proliferative properties and promotes metastatic growth of breast cancer cells
Authors: Daverey Amita , Levytskyy Roman M. , Stanke Kimberly M. , Viana Martonio Ponte , Swenson Samantha , Hayward Stephen L. , Narasimhan Madhusudhanan , Khalimonchuk Oleh , Kidambi Srivatsan 
Published: October 2019

AbstractMetastatic competence of cancer cells is influenced by many factors including metabolic alterations and changes in mitochondrial biogenesis and protein homeostasis. While it is generally accepted that mitochondria play important roles in tumorigenesis, the respective molecular events that regulate aberrant cancer cell proliferation remain to be clarified. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms underlying the role of mitochondria in cancer progression has potential implications in the development of new therapeutic strategies. We show that low expression of mitochondrial quality control protease OMA1 correlates with poor overall survival in breast cancer patients. Silencing OMA1 in vitro in patient-derived metastatic breast cancer cells isolated from the metastatic pleural effusion and atypical ductal hyperplasia mammary tumor specimens (21MT-1 and 21PT) enhances the formation of filopodia, increases cell proliferation (Ki67 expression), and induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Mechanistically, loss of OMA1 results in alterations in the mitochondrial protein homeostasis, as reflected by enhanced expression of canonic mitochondrial unfolded protein response genes. These changes significantly increase migratory properties in metastatic breast cancer cells, indicating that OMA1 plays a critical role in suppressing metastatic competence of breast tumors. Interestingly, these results were not observed in OMA1-depleted non-tumorigenic MCF10A mammary epithelial cells. This newly identified reduced activity/levels of OMA1 provides insights into the mechanisms leading to breast cancer development, promoting malignant progression of cancer cells and unfavorable clinical outcomes, which may represent possible prognostic markers and therapeutic targets for breast cancer treatment.
Predicting the affective tone of everyday dreams: A prospective study of state and trait variables
Authors: Samson-Daoust Eugénie , Julien Sarah-Hélène , Beaulieu-Prévost Dominic , Zadra Antonio 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAlthough emotions are reported in a large majority of dreams, little is known about the factors that account for night-to-night and person-to-person variations in people’s experience of dream affect. We investigated the relationship between waking trait and state variables and dream affect by testing multilevel models intended to predict the affective valence of people’s everyday dreams. Participants from the general population completed measures of personality and trauma history followed by a three-week daily journal in which they noted dream recall, valence of dreamed emotions and level of perceived stress for the day as well as prior to sleep onset. Within-subject effects accounted for most of the explained variance in the reported valence of dream affect. Trait anxiety was the only variable that significantly predicted dream emotional valence at the between-subjects level. In addition to highlighting the need for more fine-grained measures in this area of research, our results point to methodological limitations and biases associated with retrospective estimates of general dream affect and bring into focus state variables that may best explain observed within-subject variance in emotions experienced in everyday dreams.
History of fatigue in multiple sclerosis is associated with grey matter atrophy
Authors: Palotai Miklos , Nazeri Aria , Cavallari Michele , Healy Brian C. , Glanz Bonnie , Gold Stefan M. , Weiner Howard L. , Chitnis Tanuja , Guttmann Charles R. G. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractFatigue in multiple sclerosis (MS) has been associated with brain damage with low replicability. Temporal fatigue fluctuations have not been considered. We assessed whether sustained fatigue (SF) associates more strongly with grey matter (GM) changes than reversible fatigue (RF). Patients were stratified into three groups according to historical fatigue levels: SF (n = 30, i.e. patients who reported fatigue at the latest ≥2 assessments), RF (n = 31, i.e. patients not fatigued at the latest assessment, but reported fatigue previously), and never fatigued (NF, n = 37). Groups were compared for brain GM volume using cross-sectional voxel-based and volumetric analyses of 3T T1-weighted MRI. Confounding effects of depression and related medications were also investigated. SF and RF patients showed similar anatomical distribution of GM atrophy. While we robustly replicated the anatomical patterns of GM atrophy described in previous work, we also found an association between hippocampal atrophy and fatigue. Depression showed confounding effects in frontal, parietal, occipital, accumbal and thalamic regions. Assessed treatments showed confounding effects in frontal, parietal and striatal areas. Our results suggest that history of clinically-relevant fatigue in currently non-fatigued patients is associated with GM atrophy, potentially explaining inconsistent findings of previous studies that stratified patients using a single fatigue assessment.
In vitro inhibition of human red blood cell acetylcholinesterase (AChE) by temephos-oxidized products
Authors: Verdín-Betancourt Francisco Alberto , Figueroa Mario , López-González Ma. de Lourdes , Gómez Elizabeth , Bernal-Hernández Yael Yvette , Rojas-García Aurora Elizabeth , Sierra-Santoyo Adolfo 
Published: October 2019

AbstractTemephos (Tem) is an organophosphorus pesticide widely used to kill and prevent the growth of the main vectors for the transmission of dengue, zika, and chikungunya viruses. In chlorinated water, Tem is oxidized to its dioxon-sulfoxide (Tem-dox-SO), dioxon-sulfone (Tem-dox-SO2), and sulfoxide (Tem-SO) derivatives; however, these compounds are not commercially available to be used as standards and in toxicological studies. In the present study, we synthesized and characterized the Tem-oxidation products and the compound 4,4′-sulfinyldiphenol. These compounds were obtained by a simple reaction between Tem or 4,4′-thiodiphenol with sodium hypochlorite or potassium periodate, and were characterized by IR, NMR, and UPLC-HRESIMS. The in vitro evaluation of inhibitory potency of Tem-oxidized products on human red blood cell acetylcholinesterase (RBC AChE) showed that Tem-dox-SO2 was the most potent inhibitor of human RBC AChE, and its effect was more pronounced than that observed for ethyl-paraoxon, a potent typical inhibitor of AChE. An HPLC-DAD method for the analysis of metabolic products of Tem was developed, which may be useful for monitoring in biological and environmental samples. The ability of Tem-oxidized metabolites to inhibit human RBC AChE suggests that the addition of Tem to chlorinated drinking water could result in an increase in the risk of RBC AChE inhibition after exposure.
Dendritic cells and regulatory T cells expressing CCR4 provide resistance to coxsackievirus B5-induced pancreatitis
Authors: Françozo Marcela C. S. , Costa Frederico R. C. , Guerra-Gomes Isabel C. , Silva João S. , Sesti-Costa Renata 
Published: October 2019

AbstractType B coxsackieviruses (CVB) are enteroviruses responsible for a common infectious myocarditis and pancreatitis. DCs and regulatory T cells (Tregs) are key players in controlling virus replication and regulating the immune response and tissue damage, respectively. However, the mechanisms underlying cellular migration to target tissues remain unclear. In the present study, we found that CVB5 infection induced CCL17 production and controlled the migration of CCR4+ DCs and CCR4+ Tregs to the pancreatic lymph nodes (pLN). CVB5 infection of CCR4−/− mice reduced the migration of the CD8α+ DC subset and reduced DC activation and production of IFN-β and IL-12. Consequently, CCR4−/− mice presented decreased IFN-γ-producing CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, an increased viral load and more severe pancreatitis. In addition, CCR4−/− mice had impaired Treg accumulation in pLN as well as increased T lymphocyte activation. Adoptive transfer of CCR4+ Tregs but not CCR4− Tregs was able to regulate T lymphocyte activation upon CVB5 infection. The present data reveal a previously unknown role for CCR4 in coordinating immune cell migration to CVB-infected tissues and in controlling subsequent pancreatitis. These new insights may contribute to the design of future therapies for acute and chronic infection of non-polio enteroviruses.
A Portable System to Monitor Saliva Conductivity for Dehydration Diagnosis and Kidney Healthcare
Authors: Lu Yen-Pei , Huang Jo-Wen , Lee I-Neng , Weng Rui-Cian , Lin Ming-Yu , Yang Jen-Tsung , Lin Chih-Ting 
Published: October 2019

AbstractChronic kidney disease (CKD) has become a major issue in long-term healthcare. It is caused by recurrent kidney injury, which is possible induced by dehydration and heat stress. Therefore, it is important to access the dehydration diagnosis on fields. Conventional instruments for assessing dehydration from blood and urine samples are expensive and time-consuming. These disadvantages limit their applications in high-risk groups susceptible to kidney disease. To address this unmet need, this study presents a portable miniaturized device for dehydration diagnosis with clinical saliva samples. With co-plane coating-free gold electrodes, the dehydration diagnosis was achieved with a saliva specimen at low volumes (50–500 μL). To examine the characteristics, the developed device was assessed by using standard conductivity solutions and the examined variation was <5%. To validate the use for field applications, saliva samples were measured by the developed device and the measured results were compared with standard markers of serum osmolality (N = 30). These data indicate that the measured saliva conductivity is consistent with serum osmolality. And it shows significant difference between healthy adults and healthy farmers (p < 0.05), who typically suffer high risks of CKD. Based on this work, the proposed device and measurement offer a useful method to diagnosis dehydrations and indicate possible potential for CKD.
Electron tomography of mouse LINC complexes at meiotic telomere attachment sites with and without microtubules
Authors: Spindler Marie-Christin , Redolfi Josef , Helmprobst Frederik , Kollmannsberger Philip , Stigloher Christian , Benavente Ricardo 
Published: October 2019

AbstractTelomere movements during meiotic prophase I facilitate synapsis and recombination of homologous chromosomes. Hereby, chromosome movements depend on the dynamic attachment of meiotic telomeres to the nuclear envelope and generation of forces that actively move the telomeres. In most eukaryotes, forces that move telomeres are generated in the cytoplasm by microtubule-associated motor proteins and transduced into the nucleus through the LINC complexes of the nuclear envelope. Meiotic LINC complexes, in mouse comprised of SUN1/2 and KASH5, selectively localize to the attachment sites of meiotic telomeres. For a better understanding of meiotic telomere dynamics, here we provide quantitative information of telomere attachment sites that we have generated with the aid of electron microscope tomography (EM tomography). Our data on the number, length, width, distribution and relation with microtubules of the reconstructed structures indicate that an average number of 76 LINC complexes would be required to move a telomere attachment site.
Potentiostatic threshold potentials of stainless steels
Authors: Mehlich Martin , Hoffmeister Hans , Böllinghaus Thomas , Münster Christoph 
Published: October 2019

Potentiodynamic measurements are used to determine key potentials to classify certain corrosion properties. The material selection for components (e.g. shafts) in corrosive environments is widely based upon these potentiodynamic measurements. Criticism for using these potentials for component design has been expressed in literature. Potentiostatic measurements are known to represent the long term corrosive impact experienced by components in a more realistic manner but are prone to scatter. Therefore a statistical approach called staircase method was adapted to the given electrochemical problem.
With using this staircase method, a reliable value for the median potential (threshold potential) can be determined. This potential defines the threshold between anodic dissolution and cathodic protection. For the first time, this newly defined potentiostatic threshold potential is offering a validated median potential value for corrosion prediction in a given corrosion system based on potentiostatic measurements. Threshold potentials for the stainless steel grades 1.4057 and 1.4542 were investigated in aerated electrolytes at 25°C with different chloride ion concentrations.
Off-label Anwendung einer budesonidhaltigen Suspension für
die Behandlung einer lymphozytären Ösophagitis
Authors: Paparoupa Maria , Linnemüller Stephan , Schuppert Frank 
Published: October 2019

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Die lymphozytäre Ösophagitis (Englisch: lymphocytic
esophagitis-LyE) ist eine seltene chronisch-entzündliche Erkrankung der
Speiseröhre, die klinisch ähnliche Charakteristika wie die eosinophile
Ösophagitis aufweist. Der wichtigste Bestandteil der Behandlung sind die
Protonenpumpenhemmer. Für die lokal wirkenden Steroide gibt es kein festes
Therapieregime.
Fallbericht Ein 62-jähriger Patient stellte sich zur Abklärung einer
chronischen Dysphagie mit zuvor diagnostizierten multiplen Ösophagusstenosen
vor. Endoskopisch zeigte sich das Bild einer Pseudotrachealisierung mit diffus
verteilten Ösophagusringen und Furchen. Die Diagnose der LyE wurde anhand der
immunhistochemischen Analyse der Schleimhautbiopsien gestellt. Wir behandelten
initial mit Budesonid in Form von Kapseln (Entocort 3 × 3 mg
Hartkapseln® einmal täglich). Um bei Dysphagie die Akzeptanz der
Therapie für den Patienten zu erhöhen, entschlossen wir uns zur off-label
Anwendung von Suspensionen, die routinemäßig zur Verneblung bei Asthma oder COPD
verwendet werden (Budenobronch® 0,5 mg zweimal täglich). Darunter kam
es zur klinischen und später zur histologischen Remission.
Schlussfolgerung Unsere Kasuistik berichtet über ein rein empirisches
Therapiekonzept, was zur klinischen und histologischen Remission einer chronisch
verlaufenden LyE geführt hat.
Chirurgie des Larynx: Maligne Läsionen
Authors: Arens Christoph , Schwemmle Cornelia , Voigt-Zimmermann Susanne 
Published: October 2019

ZusammenfassungBei der Chirurgie maligner Kehlkopftumoren ist es das Ziel, dass die Patienten
postoperativ eine möglichst hohe Lebensqualität zurückerlangen. Unter
onkologischem Aspekt ist einerseits so radikal wie nötig und andererseits so
funktionserhaltend wie möglich zu behandeln. Dieser Beitrag soll einen Überblick
über die Chirurgie bei Malignomen des Larynx und den derzeitigen Stand der
transoral-endoskopischen Kehlkopfoperationen geben.
Pulsatiler Tinnitus: Korrektur sigmoider
Sinuswand-Anomalien effektive Therapie
Authors: Schwab Burkard 
Published: October 2019

Zhang C et al. Physical and psychological outcomes of simple sigmoid sinus bony
wall repair for pulsatile tinnitus due to sigmoid sinus wall anomalies. Eur Arch
Otorhinolaryngol 2019; 276: 1327–1334
Ein pulsatiler Tinnitus (PT) aufgrund von Anomalien der sigmoiden Sinuswand
(SSWA) ist eine häufige Gesundheitsstörung. In einer retrospektiven Studie
wurde die Effizienz einer einfachen Reparatur der SSWA bei Patienten mit PT
und die daraus resultierenden psychischen Veränderungen untersucht.
Das Radialispenoid mit präformierter Harnröhre – Eine Analyse der Komplikationen anhand der Clavien-Dindo Klassifikation
Authors: Küntscher Anna-Marie , Kilian Maik , Bull Sascha , Küntscher Markus Volkmar 
Published: October 2019

ZusammenfassungDas Radialispenoid hat sich im Rahmen der geschlechtsangleichenden Operationen (gaOP) Frau zu Mann (FzM) etabliert. Neben den Verfahren nach Chang und Gottlieb gibt es jedoch für die Variante mit präformierter Harnröhre ein Erfahrungsdefizit. Diese Arbeit soll die Komplikationen der verschiedenen Operationsteilschritte aufführen und anhand der Clavien-Dindo Klassifikation einteilen.
Patienten und Methoden Eingeschlossen wurden alle Patienten, die vom 01.01.2011 bis 30.06.2017 eine Radialislappenplastik mit präformierter Harnröhre im Rahmen der gaOP in unserer Klinik erhalten haben. Es konnten 39 Patienten in diese retrospektive Studie eingeschlossen werden. Erfasst wurden die Komplikationen der Kolpektomie, der Harnröhrenpräformierung, der Penoidkonstruktion, der Hodenprothesenimplantation und der Glansplastik. Der Nachbeobachtungszeitraum vom Datum des Penoidaufbaus betrug zwischen 6 und 80 Monaten, im Durchschnitt 32 Monate. Die Komplikationen wurden nach Clavien Dindo eingeteilt.
Ergebnisse Die Penoidkonstruktion verlief bei 5 von 39 Patienten (12,8 %) ohne Komplikation. Bei 22 Patienten (56,4 %) kam es zu einer Grad I Komplikation. Bei vier Patienten (10,3 %) kam es zu einer Grad II Komplikation. Bei 16 Patienten (41,0 %) trat eine Komplikation Grad IIIb auf. Ein Patient erlitt eine Grad IV Komplikation (2,6 %).28 der 39 Patienten (71,8 %) hatten postoperativ eine Fistel. Jedoch mussten diese Fisteln nur bei acht der 28 Patienten chirurgisch verschlossen werden (20,5 % des Gesamtkollektivs). Bei 5 Patienten kam es zu einer Stenose (12,8 %), bei zwei Patienten mehrfach (insgesamt 8 Stenosen). Unter den 16 Patienten mit einer drittgradigen Komplikation kam es bei zwei Patienten (5,1 %) zu einem Lappenverlust.
Schlussfolgerung Das Radialispenoid mit präformierter Harnröhre stellt mittlerweile ein etabliertes Verfahren zur Penoidkonstruktion bei FzM-Transidenten Patienten dar. Im Rahmen unserer Lernkurve und aufgrund einer technischen Modifikation mit einer Visierlappenplastik i. B. der Harnröhrenanastomose konnte die Quote der urologischen Komplikationen im Hinblick auf die Fisteln deutlich gesenkt werden. Die vorliegende große Serie liefert eine Datenbasis an klassifizierten Komplikationen nach Clavien-Dindo für zukünftige Vergleiche zu neuen Techniken oder Innovationen bekannter Verfahren.