bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biocompatible shape‐memory poly(vinyl chloride) with a tunable switching temperature via a plasticization effect
Authors: Zheng Yu , Yin Min , Yang Xue , Li Ying , Shen Jiabin , Guo Shaoyun 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACTBiocompatible shape‐memory poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) with a tunable switching temperature (Ts) was fabricated via the incorporation of an environmentally friendly plasticizer of 1,2‐cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid diisononyl (DINCH). It was revealed that both of the shape‐memory effect (SME) and Ts were significantly influenced by the plasticization effect. With the addition of DINCH, the shape‐fixing ratio (Rf) showed a slight reduction, whereas the shape‐recovering ratio (Rr) was greatly enhanced, and Ts was decreased from 90 to 47 °C. PVC with 40 phr plasticizer realized an excellent SME with an Rf of 97.0% and a Rr of 90.1%; this resulted from the formation of an efficient shape‐memory network via the physical crosslinking of the amorphous chains with crystals and rigid chain entanglements. In addition, the blood compatibility of the DINCH‐plasticized PVC was evaluated, and the results indicate that it was of great potential for biomedical applications. Therefore, in this study, we successfully developed a new shape‐memory polymer and provided a promising strategy for achieving SME with tunable Ts. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47992.
Marine Spongia collagens: Protein characterization and evaluation of hydrogel films
Authors: Ghosh Arun , Grosvenor Anita J. , Dyer Jolon M. 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACTFibrous proteins such as collagens are important raw materials for the production of new bio‐based or biomimetic materials. A rich source of collagen is found in the extracellular skeletal matrix of marine or sea sponges, an anatomically simple animal species. This abundant source of collagens was explored for its potential to create a hydrogel suitable as a biomaterial for drug delivery and tissue engineering. Collagen proteins were extracted from the skeletons of hard and soft species of sponges from the Spongia genus. The protein profile, amino acid composition, and partial sequences of the extracted proteins were determined, and the protein extracts were fabricated with chitosan and organic cross‐linkers to create hydrogel films. The amino acid compositions and sequences of Spongia collagens are similar to collagens obtained from other species. Spongia collagens are hydrophilic and mechanically fragile. Blending these with chitosan and the organic crosslinkers, genipin and glyceraldehyde, formed blended films with improved mechanical performance and structural integrity and improved stress–strain and water swelling characteristics. These material properties show the potential of the films to be used as hydrogel biomaterials in medical applications. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47996.
Gastrointestinal dysfunction in patients and mice expressing the autism‐associated R451C mutation in neuroligin‐3
Authors: Hosie Suzanne , Ellis Melina , Swaminathan Mathusi , Ramalhosa Fatima , Seger Gracia O. , Balasuriya Gayathri K. , Gillberg Christopher , Råstam Maria , Churilov Leonid , McKeown Sonja J. , Yalcinkaya Nalzi , Urvil Petri , Savidge Tor , Bell Carolyn A. , Bodin Oonagh , Wood Jen , Franks Ashley E. , Bornstein Joel C. , Hill‐Yardin Elisa L. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractGastrointestinal (GI) problems constitute an important comorbidity in many patients with autism. Multiple mutations in the neuroligin family of synaptic adhesion molecules are implicated in autism, however whether they are expressed and impact GI function via changes in the enteric nervous system is unknown. We report the GI symptoms of two brothers with autism and an R451C mutation in Nlgn3 encoding the synaptic adhesion protein, neuroligin‐3. We confirm the presence of an array of synaptic genes in the murine GI tract and investigate the impact of impaired synaptic protein expression in mice carrying the human neuroligin‐3 R451C missense mutation (NL3R451C). Assessing in vivo gut dysfunction, we report faster small intestinal transit in NL3R451C compared to wild‐type mice. Using an ex vivo colonic motility assay, we show increased sensitivity to GABAA receptor modulation in NL3R451C mice, a well‐established Central Nervous System (CNS) feature associated with this mutation. We further show increased numbers of small intestine myenteric neurons in NL3R451C mice. Although we observed altered sensitivity to GABAA receptor modulators in the colon, there was no change in colonic neuronal numbers including the number of GABA‐immunoreactive myenteric neurons. We further identified altered fecal microbial communities in NL3R451C mice. These results suggest that the R451C mutation affects small intestinal and colonic function and alter neuronal numbers in the small intestine as well as impact fecal microbes. Our findings identify a novel GI phenotype associated with the R451C mutation and highlight NL3R451C mice as a useful preclinical model of GI dysfunction in autism. Autism Res 2019, 12: 1043–1056. © 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Lay SummaryPeople with autism commonly experience gastrointestinal problems, however the cause is unknown. We report gut symptoms in patients with the autism‐associated R451C mutation encoding the neuroligin‐3 protein. We show that many of the genes implicated in autism are expressed in mouse gut. The neuroligin‐3 R451C mutation alters the enteric nervous system, causes gastrointestinal dysfunction, and disrupts gut microbe populations in mice. Gut dysfunction in autism could be due to mutations that affect neuronal communication.
Transcatheter closure of residual patent ductus arteriosus
Authors: El‐Saiedi Sonia Ali , Elshedoudy Sahar Abdulla , El‐Sisi Ammal Mahmoud , Hanna Baher Matta , Fattouh Aya Mohammed , Hijazi Ziyad 
Published: May 2019

AbstractIntroductionResidual patent ductus arteriosus (rPDAs) can occur following surgical or transcatheter treatment, and are indicated for closure because of the risks of infective endarteritis and hemolysis in addition to the hemodynamic effect of the residual left‐to‐right shunt.MethodsThis retrospective descriptive study describes our experience at two Egyptian centers (Cairo University Children's Hospital & Tanta University Hospital) with transcatheter treatment of rPDAs, from January 2009 to October 2017.ResultsTwenty cases were treated: 17/20 postsurgical and 3/20 post‐transcatheter, at a mean period of 13.4 ± 9.3 months from the initial procedure. The median rPDA size was 2 mm (range2–3.5 mm). Most common ductal anatomy was the conical shape. All rPDAs were successfully closed with either coils (13/20) or devices (6/20), except one case where the residual flow was within the device mesh material. Coils could be deployed from the antegrade or the retrograde approaches although the latter was associated with a higher incidence of late shunt occlusion. One case with a malpositioned device required simultaneous device and LPA stent deployment.ConclusionTranscatheter closure of rPDAs is feasible in most cases, but may be technically challenging.
Ischemic lesions in all territories as a marker of malignant hypercoagulability
Authors: Simonsen Claus Z. , Roth Eske , Leslie‐Mazwi Thabele M 
Published: May 2019

AbstractHypercoagulability due to cancer is an overlooked cause of stroke and presents with a typical MRI pattern, that is small embolic strokes in several vascular territories.
Rational Construction of an Exceptionally Stable MOF Catalyst with Metal‐Adeninate Vertices toward CO2 Cycloaddition under Mild and Cocatalyst‐Free Conditions
Authors: He Hongming , Zhu Qian‐Qian , Zhao Jia‐Nan , Sun Hongming , Chen Jing , Li Cheng‐Peng , Du Miao 
Published: May 2019

AbstractCO2 is considered as the primary greenhouse gas, resulting in a series of serious environmental problems that affect people's life and health. Carbon capture and sequestration has been implemented as one of the most appealing pathways to control and use CO2. Here, we rationally integrate various functional sites within the confined nanospace of a microporous metal–organic framework (MOF) material, which is constructed by mixed‐ligand strategy based on metal‐adeninate vertices. It not only exhibits excellent stability but also can efficiently transform CO2 and epoxides to cyclic carbonates under mild and cocatalyst‐free conditions. Additionally, this catalyst shows extraordinary recyclability for the CO2 cycloaddition reaction.
Efficacy of anti‐immunoglobulin E therapy in patients with prurigo: A pilot study
Authors: Ugajin Tsukasa , Yokozeki Hiroo 
Published: May 2019

AbstractObjectivesChronic prurigo is a reactive skin disease marked by multiple pruriginous lesions such as papules, nodules, and erythema. We previously showed that basophil infiltration into the pruriginous lesions and basophil activation in blood are frequently observed. Therefore, basophils may be involved in the pathogenesis of chronic prurigo. In this study, we examined the efficacy of anti‐immunoglobulin E (IgE) therapy with omalizumab, which blocks basophil activation, in patients with prurigo.MethodsSeven patients with chronic prurigo (prurigo chronica multiformis [PCM]: five patients; prurigo nodularis [PN]: two patients) and one patient with prurigo subacuta (PS) were enrolled. The infiltration of basophils into skin lesions was assessed by immunohistochemical analyses using a monoclonal antibody. All patients were treated three times with 300 mg omalizumab every 4 weeks, regardless of serum levels of total IgE. Skin symptoms were assessed using our unique skin scores before and after treatment with omalizumab. The efficacy of the treatment was determined according to the reduction ratio of skin scores as follows: high (ratio > 70%), moderate (70% ≥ ratio > 40%), mild (40% ≥ ratio > 10%), or none (10% ≥ ratio).ResultsAll five patients with PCM were improved: The efficacy was high for three patients, moderate for one patient, and mild for one patient. In addition, the pruriginous lesions were improved mildly in the patient with PS, but not in those with PN.ConclusionsAnti‐IgE antibody therapy with omalizumab may be effective for PCM but not for the other types of chronic prurigo.
Oxygen‐Deficient NiFe2O4 Spinel Nanoparticles as an Enhanced Electrocatalyst for the Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Lim Dongwook , Kong Hyungseok , Kim Namil , Lim Chaewon , Ahn Wha‐Seung , Baeck Sung‐Hyeon 
Published: May 2019

AbstractHerein, mesoporous NiFe2O4 spinel nanoparticles with abundant oxygen vacancies are successfully prepared by a simple hydrothermal method followed by mild H2 reduction and used as catalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction. Compared with the pristine and air‐treated NiFe2O4, the H2‐treated NiFe2O4 shows a much lower overpotential of 389 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm−2. The H2‐treated NiFe2O4 also indicates substantial long‐term stability even after 1000 cyclic tests. This outstanding electrochemical activity and stability can be attributed to the improved physicochemical properties by H2 treatment: small nanoparticles with well‐developed mesoporous structures, a high ratio of Ni2+/Ni3+ cations, and abundant oxygen vacancies. These properties can significantly improve charge transfer kinetics and increase the number of active sites on the catalyst. The results demonstrate that this facile fabrication method is a promising route for developing cost‐effective and high‐performance catalysts to be used in electrochemical applications.
Data‐driven exploratory approach on player valuation in football transfer market
Authors: Kim Yunhu , Bui Khac‐Hoai Nam , Jung Jason J. 
Published: May 2019

SummaryTransfer markets in football have attracted the interest of researchers in economy and management. In this paper, we propose a high level analysis approach for classifying player valuation based on their performance during recent seasons. In particular, several data analysis techniques such as regression analysis, feature selection, and cluster analysis are presented for classifying players in term of performances and transfer fee. Specifically, by collecting and analyzing data from Wholescored, the largest detailed football statistics website, we have defined players into four groups, which include (1) Low performance and low transfer fee (LPLF), (2) Low performance and high transfer fee (LPHF), (3) high performance and high transfer fee (HPHF), and (4) high performance and low transfer fee (HPLF). The results in the implementation section show that, with the differences positions, there are different required skills that affect to the performance of players. We expect that this study can contribute to the management of Football Teams in terms of integrating these analyses into their management strategy.
From Light Absorption to Cyclization: Structure and Solvent Effects in Donor‐Acceptor Stenhouse Adducts
Authors: García‐Iriepa Cristina , Marazzi Marco , Sampedro Diego 
Published: May 2019

AbstractDonor‐acceptor Stenhouse adducts (DASAs) have emerged in the last years as novel reversible photoswitches characterized by the light‐induced interconversion between a linear open‐chain isomer and a compact closed‐ring isomer. Despite the considerable interest for potential applications (due to their changes in size, color and polarity), several steps of the photoswitching mechanism are still not completely understood, hence limiting the rational design of these compounds. Herein we propose a complete computational study of the switching mechanism by means of TD‐DFT and CASPT2//CASSCF calculations. Special attention is paid to the excited state pathway, leading to a previously unknown general scenario with common features for different DASAs: After light absorption, a rotational energy barrier needs to be overcome in order to reach a conical intersection region with the ground state, whose topology and relative energy is investigated based on different solvents and acceptor moieties. Then, the evolution of the compounds in the ground state is considered by calculating different minima until the formation of the final closed form. Finally, the eventual reverse thermal path was also considered. We offer herein a complete mechanistic description which allows for an overall comparison with available experimental results.
Empirical Electronic Polarizabilities: Deviations from the Additivity Rule. II. Structures Exhibiting Ion Conductivity
Authors: Shannon Robert D. , Kabanova Natalia A. , Fischer Reinhard X. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractIon conductivity in minerals and compounds is associated with continuous migration paths and leads to negative total electronic polarizability deviations [Δ = (αobs−αcalc)/αobs)] up to 13%. Such deviations can be related to continuous migration paths determined in an earlier Voronoi–Dirichlet Partition (VDP) analysis of fast‐ion conductors, that is, compounds such as LiB3O5 with 1D conductivity, Li4SiO4 with 2D conductivity, and Li2SO4 with 3D conductivity. Using the Voronoi–Dirichlet (VD) method in this study, the migration paths and the dimensionality of many more compounds with negative polarizability deviations are identified. Continuous migration paths are found for the confirmed Li‐ion conductors LiFePO4 and Li3VO4 and for the potential Li‐ion conductors LiGeBO4, CsLiB6O10, Li2Ti3O7, LiMn0.8Fe0.17PO4, Li2NaPO4, and LiNaSO4. Similarly, continuous migration paths are found for the confirmed Na‐ion conductors Na4P2O7, Na2SO4, and Na6Mg(SO4)4, and for the potential Na‐ion conductors Na6Mg2(CO3)4SO4, Na2TiSiO5, NaPO3, Na3SO4F, Na6(SO4)2FCl, Na15(SO4)5F4Cl, Na21(SO4)7F6Cl, Na22K(CO3)2(SO4)9Cl, and Na2SeO4. Potassium migration paths are found for the confirmed ion conductors KVO3 and K2SO4. In contrast to the application of VD partitioning of cation conductors, VD partitioning of anion conductors leads to migration paths in (Zr,Y)O8 polyhedra in Zr0.894Y0.095Hf0.011O1.95 and (Gd,Hf)O6 and (Gd,Hf)O8 polyhedra in Gd2Hf2O7 where O2− ions are mobile.
Dynamic behaviour of alternating current arc discharge in a multi‐arc generator at atmospheric pressure
Authors: Lin Q.F. , Zhao Y.J. , Ni G.H. , Guo Q.J. , Li L. , Sui S.Y. , Xie H.B. , Duan W.X. , Meng Y.D. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractIn this letter, a multi‐arc generator with three high‐voltage electrodes and a common grounded one was developed for the purpose of obtaining large area and steady arc plasma at atmospheric pressure. Three typical discharge states were found in the multi‐arc generator: independent movement of three arc columns, confluence of two arc columns, and confluence of three arc columns. The three discharge states cyclically occur on the evolution of the arc discharge and their duration is influenced by the power dissipation and plasma working gas flow rate. With an increase of discharge power and a decrease of the gas flow rate, the duration of multiple arc confluence increases, which contributes to the suppression of the fluctuation amplitude of each arc. Frequency domain analysis of the arc voltage envelope shows that the frequency of arc fluctuation increases in the multi‐arc mode in the multi‐arc generator compared to that in the single arc mode.
Maternal Choline Supplementation Alters Basal Forebrain Cholinergic Neuron Gene Expression in the Ts65Dn Mouse Model of Down Syndrome
Authors: Kelley Christy M. , Ginsberg Stephen D. , Alldred Melissa J. , Strupp Barbara J. , Mufson Elliott J. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractDown syndrome (DS), trisomy 21, is marked by intellectual disability and a premature aging profile including degeneration of the basal forebrain cholinergic neuron (BFCN) projection system, similar to Alzheimer's disease (AD). Although data indicate that perinatal maternal choline supplementation (MCS) alters the structure and function of these neurons in the Ts65Dn mouse model of DS and AD (Ts), whether MCS affects the molecular profile of vulnerable BFCNs remains unknown. We investigated the genetic signature of BFCNs obtained from Ts and disomic (2N) offspring of Ts65Dn dams maintained on a MCS diet (Ts+, 2N+) or a choline normal diet (ND) from mating until weaning, then maintained on ND until 4.4–7.5 months of age. Brains were then collected and prepared for choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) immunohistochemistry and laser capture microdissection followed by RNA extraction and custom‐designed microarray analysis. Findings revealed upregulation of select transcripts in classes of genes related to the cytoskeleton (Tubb4b), AD (Cav1), cell death (Bcl2), presynaptic (Syngr1), immediate early (Fosb, Arc), G protein signaling (Gabarap, Rgs10), and cholinergic neurotransmission (Chrnb3) in Ts compared to 2N mice, which were normalized with MCS. Moreover, significant downregulation was seen in select transcripts associated with the cytoskeleton (Dync1h1), intracellular signaling (Itpka, Gng3, andMlst8), and cell death (Ccng1) in Ts compared to 2N mice that was normalized with MCS. This study provides insight into genotype‐dependent differences and the effects of MCS at the molecular level within a key vulnerable cell type in DS and AD.
Growth of small GeO2 single crystals on a polyvinyl chloride substrate at room temperature using oversaturate aqueous solution
Authors: Kobayashi Kiyoshi , Suzuki Tohru S. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractSmall GeO2 single crystal was successfully grown on a polyvinyl chloride (PVC) substrate at room temperature in oversaturate aqueous solution. The oversaturated solution could be prepared at strong acid condition (pH 0) using distilled water, germanium oxide, dilute ammonia, and nitric acid. About 7 μm size of the GeO2 single crystals with quartz‐type structure was obtained by only keeping the PVC plate in the solution for about 10 days when appropriate concentration of the solution was used. The obtained GeO2 single crystals were confirmed to be constructed by {101} and {011} surfaces based on powder X‐ray diffraction pattern and particle morphology observed by scanning electron microscope.
The prevalence of cardiovascular disease and antidiabetes treatment characteristics among a large type 2 diabetes population in the United States
Authors: Weng Wayne , Tian Ye , Kong Sheldon X. , Ganguly Rahul , Hersloev Malene , Brett Jason , Hobbs Todd 
Published: May 2019

AbstractObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to assess atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) prevalence, antidiabetes medication usage and physician specialty encounters among individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in the United States during 2015.DesignRetrospective, cross‐sectional analysis.PatientsAdults with T2DM in a large US administrative claims database. Patients were divided into ASCVD and non‐ASCVD groups. Subgroup analyses were conducted for three age groups (18‐44, 45‐64 and 65+ years).ResultsOf 1 202 596 patients with T2DM, 45.2% had established ASCVD. About 40% of T2DM patients with ASCVD had visited a cardiologist during 2015, compared to 11% in the non‐ASCVD group. The use of glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists (GLP‐1RAs) and sodium‐glucose co‐transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT‐2is) was low overall (<12%), and even lower in the ASCVD group (<9%). The prevalence of ASCVD was 15%, 36% and 71% in the 18‐44, 45‐64 and 65+ year age groups, respectively. GLP‐1RA and SGLT‐2i use was ≤5% in the 65+ subgroup, regardless of ASCVD status.ConclusionsThese real‐world data showed a high prevalence of ASCVD among T2DM patients, and confirmed, as a baseline assessment, low use of GLP‐1RAs and SGLT‐2is in these at‐risk patients prior to the 2017 American Diabetes Association guidelines recommending use of agents with proven cardiovascular benefits.
Screen‐printable Electrochromic Polymer Inks and Ion Gel Electrolytes for the Design of Low‐power, Flexible Electrochromic Devices
Authors: Santiago Sara , Aller Miguel , del Campo F. Javier , Guirado Gonzalo 
Published: May 2019

AbstractWe have developed electrochromic inks and electrolyte materials to enable mass production of flexible electrochromic displays (ECDs) and other optoelectronic devices by screen printing. Here we present a new screen‐printable ink incorporating electrochromic polymer, poly(3,4‐propylenedioxythiophene)bis(ethylhexyloxy), referred to here as ECP‐Magenta, and antimony‐doped tin oxide (ATO/TiO2) particles to facilitate electron transport. Their dispersion in a P(VDF‐co‐HFP) binder leads to the formation of a new electrochromic ink that is suitable for screen printing. This strategy opens the door to the preparation of similar electrochromic inks based on other organic or polymeric compounds. This approach is scalable and can applied to different fields. Ion gels (IGs) composed of P(VDF‐co‐HFP) and room temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) are promising solid‐state electrolytes with high ionic conductivity, flexibility, elasticity and eco‐friendliness. The electrochemical features of different ion gels were analyzed as a function of composition and nature of the ionic liquid. Hence, new formulations of IGs were developed, evaluated by Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy, Cyclic Voltammetry, before being incorporated into ECDs. The electrochromic performance of ECP‐Magenta ink combined with the RTIL‐based IG was evaluated by terms of spectroelectrochemistry showing that fully flexible ECD operating at voltages below 1 V can be screen‐printed.