bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Assessment of Clinical Usage and Prognostic Value of YKL-40 Serum Levels in Patients With Rectal Cancer Without Distant Metastasis
Authors: Fuksiewicz Malgorzata , Kotowicz Beata , Rutkowski Andrzej , Achinger-Kawecka Joanna , Wagrodzki Michal , Kowalska Maria M. 
Published: April 2018

Background: Colorectal cancer is one of the most common and significant malignancies in the world. YKL-40 (chitinase-3-like protein 1) is involved in cell proliferation, migration, inflammation, and tissue remodeling; and serum levels of YKL-40 are associated with patient outcome in various cancers. The aim of this study was to assess the potential clinical usage of YKL-40 pretreatment serum levels as a prognostic biomarker in rectal cancer. Methods: Concentrations of YKL-40 and standard tumor marker—Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)—were assessed in serum of 83 patients with rectal cancer without distant metastasis, and association with clinicopathological characteristics and disease-free and overall survival was evaluated. Results: Concentration of YKL-40 was significantly higher in serum of patients with rectal cancer compared to healthy controls ( P = .0001), and YKL-40 levels were able to predict rectal cancer (area under the Receiver Operating Characteristic [ROC] curve = .769) with higher accuracy than CEA (area under the ROC curve = .728) in patients with early stage disease. Increased YKL-40 levels were significantly associated with age ( P = .001); however, no association with other clinicopathological characteristics was observed. Finally, in patients with recurrence, the percentage of cases with increased concentration of YKL-40 was significantly higher than in patients without recurrence ( P = .041), and Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated that elevated YKL-40 concentration is a predictor of poor overall survival in patients with rectal cancer. Conclusion: Pretreatment serum levels of YKL-40 may be a novel prognostic factor of overall and disease-free survival in patients with nonmetastatic colorectal cancer.
How manipulating task constraints in small-sided and conditioned games shapes emergence of individual and collective tactical behaviours in football: A systematic review
Authors: Ometto Lucas , Vasconcellos Fabrício VA , Cunha Felipe A , Teoldo Israel , Souza Carlos Raphael B , Dutra Marcio B , O'Sullivan Mark , Davids Keith 
Published: April 2018

Background: Small-Sided and Conditioned Games are characterised by modifications of field dimensions, number of players, rules of the game, manipulations used to shape the key task constraints that performers need to satisfy in practice. Evidence has already demonstrated the importance of designing practice to enhance understanding of tactical behaviours in football, but there is a lack of information about how coaches can manipulate task constraints to support tactical learning. Objective: To investigate which task constraints have been most often manipulated in studies of SSCGs; and what impact each manipulation had on emerging tactical behaviours, technical–tactical actions, and positional relationships between players. Methods: PubMed, Web of Science, Scielo, and Academic Google databases were searched for relevant reports without time limits. The criteria adopted for inclusion were: a) studies performed with football players; b) studies that included SSCGs as an evaluation method; c) studies that investigated tactical behaviours in SSCGs; and d), articles in English and Portuguese. Results: The electronic database search included 24 articles in the review. Of these, five manipulated field dimensions, six manipulated number of players involved, five manipulated field dimensions and number of players, five used different scoring targets, two altered the number of players and scoring target, and one manipulated the number of players, field dimension, and scoring target. Conclusion: Among the task constraints analyzed in this systematic review, manipulation of number of players and playing field dimensions concomitantly occurred most frequently.
Prospective Analysis of Surgical Bone Margins After Partial Foot Amputation in Diabetic Patients Admitted With Moderate to Severe Foot Infections
Authors: Schmidt Brian M. , McHugh Jonathan B. , Patel Rajiv M. , Wrobel James S. 
Published: April 2018

Background. Osteomyelitis is common in diabetic foot infections and medical management can lead to poor outcomes. Surgical management involves sending histopathologic and microbiologic specimens which guides future intervention. We examined the effect of obtainment of surgical margins in patients undergoing forefoot amputations to identify patient characteristics associated with outcomes. Secondary aims included evaluating interobserver reliability of histopathologic data at both the distal-to and proximal-to surgical bone margin. Methods. Data were prospectively collected on 72 individuals and was pooled for analysis. Standardized method to retrieve intraoperative bone margins was established. A univariate analysis was performed. Negative outcomes, including major lower extremity amputation, wound dehiscence, reulceration, reamputation, or death were recorded. Results: Viable proximal margins were obtained in 63 out of 72 cases (87.5%). Strong interobserver reliability of histopathology was recorded. Univariate analysis demonstrated preoperative platelets, albumin, probe-to-bone testing, absolute toe pressures, smaller wound surface area were associated with obtaining viable margins. Residual osteomyelitis resulted in readmission 2.6 times more often and more postoperative complications. Conclusions: Certain patients were significantly different in the viable margin group versus dirty margin group. High interobserver reliability was demonstrated. Obtainment of viable margins resulted in reduced rates of readmission and negative outcomes. Levels of Evidence: Prognostic, Level I: Prospective
Patterns of fruit and vegetable intake and physical activity among community-ambulant patients in Singapore: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Goh Zhi Yin , Lee Pei Ying , Lai Yi Feng 
Published: April 2018

Introduction: Many modifiable risk factors for chronic diseases are related to dietary patterns and physical activity. This study aims to establish the prevalence of adequate fruit and vegetable intake and physical activity among community-ambulant patients in Singapore. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among community-ambulant patients using convenience sampling. Data were collected through a survey questionnaire, covering self-reported level of physical activity and daily fruit and vegetable intake. Demographic information, awareness and adherence to recommendations were summarised using descriptive statistics. To identify factors influencing awareness and behaviour, exploratory logistic regression analyses were performed. Results: Three hundred and eighty-five complete responses were analysed. For intake of fruits and vegetables, 29.1% and 21.3% of participants were aware of and adherent to the fruit and vegetable intake recommendation respectively. For physical activity, 21.3% and 26.8% of study participants were aware of and adherent to the recommendation respectively. Only 4.7% and 5.5% of participants were aware of and practising both recommendations respectively. Gender, age, ethnicity and body mass index were found to have significant influence on the awareness of the recommendations. However, there was no significant factor found to be contributing to the adherence to the recommendations. Conclusion: Awareness of and adherence to lifestyle recommendations among patients remain low despite ongoing publicity efforts. Many are not fully aware of and adherent to the dietary and physical activity recommendations publicised. Apart from intensifying public outreach on every possible occasion and delivering messages in manners understandable by our older patients, strategies targeting the knowledge–behaviour disconnect among working middle-aged patients also deserve continued attention in the near future.
A single‐step sizing and radiofrequency ablation catheter for circumferential ablation of Barrett's esophagus: Results of a pilot study
Authors: Belghazi K , Pouw RE , Sondermeijer CMT , Meijer SL , Schoon EJ , Koch AD , Weusten BLAM , Bergman JJGHM 
Published: April 2018

BackgroundThe 360 Express balloon catheter (360 Express) has the ability to self‐adjust to the esophageal lumen, ensuring optimal tissue contact.ObjectiveThe objective of this article is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the 360 Express for radiofrequency ablation (RFA) treatment of Barrett's esophagus (BE).MethodsBE patients with low‐grade dysplasia (LGD), high‐grade dysplasia (HGD) or early cancer (EC) were included. Visible lesions were removed by endoscopic resection (ER) prior to RFA. RFA was performed with the 360 Express using the standard ablation regimen (12J/cm2–clean–12J/cm2). Primary outcome: BE regression percentage at three months. Secondary outcomes: procedure time, adverse events, complete eradication of dysplasia (CE‐D) and intestinal metaplasia (CE‐IM).ResultsThirty patients (median BE C4M6) were included. Eight patients underwent ER prior to RFA. Median BE regression: 90%. Median procedure time: 31 minutes. Adverse events (13%): laceration (n = 1); atrial fibrillation (n = 1); vomiting and dysphagia (n = 1); dysregulated diabetes (n = 1). After subsequent treatment CE‐D and CE‐IM was achieved in 97% and 87%, respectively. In 10% a stenosis developed during additional treatment requiring a median of one dilation.ConclusionThis study shows that circumferential RFA using the 360 Express may shorten procedure time, while maintaining efficacy compared to standard circumferential RFA.
Management of stroke and pregnancy
Authors: Cauldwell Matthew , Rudd Anthony , Nelson-Piercy Catherine 
Published: April 2018

bibr17-2396987318772684 Stroke continues to be one of the main causes of death in the developed countries and the incidence in pregnancy appears to be increasing. Pregnancy-related stroke has a relatively high mortality rate of 10% and so clinicians need to be mindful of appropriate investigations and referral of a pregnant woman with suspected stroke, so they can receive timely treatment. In this review we address the risk factors associated with stroke, diagnosis and appropriate management of the different stroke types. We also discuss implications for care around pregnancy and delivery as well as reviewing how a pregnancy with previous stroke should be managed.
Platinum-group minerals of the F and T zones, Waterberg Project, far northern Bushveld Complex: implication for the formation of the PGE mineralization
Authors: McCreesh Matthew J. G. , Yudovskaya Marina A. , Kinnaird Judith A. , Reinke Christian 
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACTThis study provides the first detailed mineralogical data on platinum-group element (PGE) mineralization of the Waterberg Project, in a previously unknown segment of the Bushveld Complex located in the Southern Marginal Zone of the Limpopo Belt. The lower ultramafic F zone is dominated by sperrylite (up to 82 area%) with minor Pt–Pd bismuthotellurides, Pd–Ni arsenides, Au–Ag alloy, Rh–Pt sulfoarsenides and rare Pt–Fe alloys. The upper more felsic-rich gabbroic T zone is dominated by Pt–Pd bismuthotellurides (up to 90 area%), Pd tellurides and Au–Ag alloy with rare sperrylite, braggite, Pd stannides and antimonides. The platinum-group minerals (PGM) of the F zone are associated mainly with magmatic base-metal sulfides (pyrrhotite, troilite, chalcopyrite and pentlandite), that have undergone alteration during significant serpentinization, accompanied by the formation of the secondary sulfide assemblage. The T zone in a leucogabbroic sequence contains relics of magmatic sulfides and is characterized by the development of the indicative chalcopyrite-millerite-pyrite assemblage, which is associated with widespread hydrothermal quartz and hydrous silicates (amphiboles, phlogopite, epidote and chlorite). The fluid-induced style of PGM remobilization, the high Au/PGE and the high proportion of native gold in the high-grade T zone ores in the magnetite-bearing leucogabbroic rocks are unique to the Bushveld Complex. The genesis of the T ores is interpreted as a result of primary PGE enrichment in the zone of interaction between the first influxes of the Upper Zone fertile melt and a resident gabbroic melt at the top of the Troctolite-Gabbronorite-Anorthosite (TGA) fractionated sequence with subsequent fluid remobilization. Whether the hydrothermal overprint facilitated the PGE sequestration in a favourable setting or dispersed the pre-existing magmatic concentrations along fluid pathways remains essentially unresolved at the current stage.
Machine-Learning Approach for Modeling Myelosuppression Attributed to Nimustine Hydrochloride
Authors: Shibahara Takuma , Ikuta Soko , Muragaki Yoshihiro 
Published: April 2018

PurposeA major adverse effect arising from nimustine hydrochloride (ACNU) therapy for brain tumors is myelosuppression. Because its timing and severity vary among individual patients, the ACNU dose level has been adjusted in an empiric manner at individual medical facilities. To our knowledge, ours is the first study to develop a machine-learning approach to estimate myelosuppression through analysis of patient factors before treatment and attempts to clarify the relationship between myelosuppression and hematopoietic stem cells from daily clinical data. Adverse effect prediction will allow ACNU dose adjustment for patients predicted to have decreases in blood cell counts and will enable focused follow-up of patients undergoing chemoradiotherapy.Patients and MethodsPatients were newly pathologically diagnosed with WHO grade 2 or 3 tumors and were treated with ACNU-based chemoradiotherapy. For detailed analysis of the timing and intensity of adverse effects in patients, we developed a data-weighted support vector machine (SVM) based on adverse event criteria (nadir-weighted SVM [NwSVM]). To evaluate the estimation accuracy of blood cell count dynamics, the determination coefficient ( r2) between real and estimated data was calculated by three regression methods: polynomial, SVM, and NwSVM.ResultsOnly the NwSVM-based regression enabled estimation of the dynamics of all blood cell types with high accuracy (mean r2= 0.81). The mean timing of nadir arrival estimated using this regression was 35 days for platelets, 41 days for RBCs, 52 days for lymphocytes, 57 days for WBCs, and 62 days for neutrophils.ConclusionThe NwSVM can be used to predict myelosuppression and clearly depicts nadir timing differences between platelets and other blood cells.
Data Reliability and Coding Completeness of Cancer Registry Information Using Reabstracting Method in the National Cancer Institute: Thailand, 2012 to 2014
Authors: Sirirungreung Anupong , Buasom Rangsiya , Jiraphongsa Chuleeporn , Sangrajrang Suleeporn 
Published: April 2018

Purpose Data quality is a core value of cancer registries, which bring about greater understanding of cancer distribution and determinants. Thailand established its cancer registry in 1986; however, studies focusing on data reliability have been limited. This study aimed to assess the coding completeness and reliability of the National Cancer Institute (NCI) hospital-based cancer registry, Thailand. Methods This study was conducted using the reabstracting method. We focused on seven cancer sites—the colon, rectum, liver, lung, breast, cervix, and prostate—registered between 2012 and 2014 in the NCI hospital-based cancer registry. Missing data were identified for coding completeness calculation among important variables. The agreement rate and κ coefficient were computed to represent data reliability. Results For reabstracting, we retrieved 957 medical records from a total of 5,462. These were selected using the probability proportional to size method, stratified by topology, sex, and registered year. The overall coding completeness of the registered and reabstracted data was 89.9% and 93.6%, respectively. In addition, the overall agreement rate among variables ranged from 84.7% to 99.6%, and κ coefficient ranged from 0.619 to 0.995. The misclassification among unilateral organs caused lower coding completeness and agreement rate of laterality coding. The completeness of current residency could be improved using the reabstracting method. The lowest agreement rate was found among various categories of diagnosis basis. Sex misclassification for male breast cancer was identified. Conclusion The coding completeness and data reliability of the NCI hospital-based cancer registry met the standard in most critical variables. However, some challenges remain to improve the data quality. The reabstracting method could identify the critical points affecting the quality of cancer registry data.
Pharmacological Characterization of Levorphanol, a G-Protein Biased Opioid Analgesic
Authors: Le Rouzic Valerie , Narayan Ankita , Hunkle Amanda , Marrone Gina F. , Lu Zhigang , Majumdar Susruta , Xu Jin , Pan Ying-Xian , Pasternak Gavril W. 
Published: April 2018

BACKGROUND:
Levorphanol is a potent analgesic that has been used for decades. Most commonly used for acute and cancer pain, it also is effective against neuropathic pain. The recent appreciation of the importance of functional bias and the uncovering of multiple µ opioid receptor splice variants may help explain the variability of patient responses to different opioid drugs.

METHODS:
Here, we evaluate levorphanol in a variety of traditional in vitro receptor binding and functional assays. In vivo analgesia studies using the radiant heat tail flick assay explored the receptor selectivity of the responses through the use of knockout (KO) mice, selective antagonists, and viral rescue approaches.

RESULTS:
Receptor binding studies revealed high levorphanol affinity for all the μ, δ, and κ opioid receptors. In 35S-GTPγS binding assays, it was a full agonist at most µ receptor subtypes, with the exception of MOR-1O, but displayed little activity in β-arrestin2 recruitment assays, indicating a preference for G-protein transduction mechanisms. A KO mouse and selective antagonists confirmed that levorphanol analgesia was mediated through classical µ receptors, but there was a contribution from 6 transmembrane targets, as illustrated by a lower response in an exon 11 KO mouse and its rescue with a virally transfected 6 transmembrane receptor splice variant. Compared to morphine, levorphanol had less respiratory depression at equianalgesic doses.

CONCLUSIONS:
While levorphanol shares many of the same properties as the classic opioid morphine, it displays subtle differences that may prove helpful in its clinical use. Its G-protein signaling bias is consistent with its diminished respiratory depression, while its incomplete cross tolerance with morphine suggests it may prove valuable clinically with opioid rotation.
Does the Incidence of Postoperative Complications After Inguinal Hernia Repair Justify Hospital Admission in Prematurely and Term Born Infants?
Authors: Massoud Marina , Kühlmann A. Y. Rosalie , van Dijk Monique , Staals Lonneke M. , Wijnen Rene M. H. , van Rosmalen Joost , Sloots Cornelius E. J. , Keyzer-Dekker Claudia M. G. 
Published: April 2018

BACKGROUND:
Postoperatively, young infants are admitted overnight in view of the risk for respiratory complications such as desaturation and apnea. This risk seems much lower than previously reported. Until what age this risk persists, and which infants might actually qualify for day-care treatment, is unknown.

METHODS:
We retrospectively reviewed medical charts from preterm infants <45 weeks postconceptional age (PCA), 45–60 weeks PCA, and term infants <3 months admitted overnight after inguinal hernia repair, from January 2011 to December 2015 in a large tertiary children’s hospital. Postoperative complications (divided into respiratory, circulatory, neurologic, and other), recurrence, and reoperation were documented and compared between groups.

RESULTS:
Medical charts of 485 patients were reviewed. Postoperative respiratory complications (mainly desaturations or apnea) had been documented for 27 of 76 (35.5%) preterm infants <45 weeks PCA, for 13 of 221 (5.9%) preterm infants 45–60 weeks PCA, and for 3 of 188 (1.6%) term infants (P < .001). An analysis of the 221 preterm infants 45–60 weeks PCA showed statistically significantly more respiratory complications in 76 infants with a respiratory history (eg, bronchopulmonary dysplasia) compared with the others (respectively 13.2% vs 0.7%; P < .001). In these infants, lower gestational age at the time of surgery was statistically significantly predictive for the development of respiratory complications (odds ratio [OR], 0.68 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 0.52–0.89]; P = .005), but respiratory history (OR, 3.50 [0.34–36.28]; P = .294) and American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status (OR, 1.54 [95% CI, 0.31–7.65]; P = .598 for ASA physical status II and OR, 6.11 [95% CI, 0.76–49.05]; P = .089 for ASA physical status III) were not predictive.

CONCLUSIONS:
Incidence of postoperative respiratory complications is high in preterm infants <45 weeks PCA requiring postoperative overnight saturation and heart rate monitoring. Incidence of postoperative complications in preterm born infants 45–60 weeks PCA varies. Gestational age and possibly presence of respiratory history can be used to estimate the need for overnight admission in these infants. Postoperative respiratory complications after inguinal hernia repair in ASA physical status I and II term born infants >1 month of age are uncommon, which justifies day-care admission for this type of surgical procedure.
¿Qué hay de nuevo en las Unidades de Policía de Prevención Local?
Authors: Da Silva Lorenz Mariana , Pugliese Ornela 
Published: April 2018

En el presente trabajo pretendemos indagar sobre dos aspectos relacionados con el surgimiento de las Unidades de Policía de Prevención Local (UPPL). En primer lugar, algunas características que quienes se encuentran a cargo de esta iniciativa securitaria consideran como novedosas respecto de las preexistentes. En segunda instancia, abordaremos las diferencias y similitudes que podemos encontrar entre las UPPL —en particular la del Municipio de Avellaneda— y las fuerzas de seguridad tradicionales—tomaremos aquí fundamentalmente el caso de la Policía Federal Argentina (PFA). Las consideraciones vertidas en este artículo son producto de un trabajo de campo que consistió en entrevistas con oficiales de la UPPL del Municipio de Avellaneda, un reevamiento, lectura y análisis de la normativa que regula a esta institución, como también documentos y comunicaciones oficiales del Municipio. Para realizar la comparación con las fuerzas de seguridad tradicionales nos valimos de los hallazgos de la investigación realizada para la tesis doctoral de Mariana Lorenz.
Comentarios de libros: Comentario a Antony Duff: Sobre el castigo. Por una justicia penal que hable el lenguaje de la comunidad
Authors: Ferreira Florencia , Jack Tatiana 
Published: April 2018

Comentario a Antony Duff: Sobre el castigo. Por una justicia penal que hable el lenguaje de la comunidadSiglo XXI Editores, Buenos Aires, 2015
Comentarios de libros: Comentario a Mariana Galvani: Cómo se construye un policía. La Federal desde adentro
Authors: Mouzo Karina , Ríos Alina 
Published: April 2018

Comentario a Mariana Galvani: Cómo se construye un policía. La Federal desde adentro Siglo XXI Editores, Buenos Aires, 2016