bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Zweijährige Analyse dermatologischer Konsultationen außerhalb der Sprechzeiten am Universitätsklinikum Frankfurt
Authors: Osowski Sebastian A. , Wagner Niklas , Osowski Andreas C. , Ochsendorf Falk , Kaufmann Roland , Weberschock Tobias 
Published: June 2019

ZusammenfassungHintergrundIn den letzten Jahren ist die Anzahl der der Notdienstpatienten fächerübergreifend angestiegen. In Deutschland werden dermatologische Vorstellungen außerhalb der Sprechzeiten durch den ärztlichen Bereitschaftsdienst, Notaufnahmen und tertiäre Gesundheitsdienstleister wahrgenommen. Es liegen nur wenige Informationen über die Gründe dieser dermatologischen Konsultationen vor.ZieleZiel der Studie war es, die Patientencharakteristika und die Diagnosen zu analysieren sowie die sich aus den Konsultationen ergebende Aufnahmerate. Die Aufnahmeraten zu bestimmen, die aus diesen Konsultationen resultieren.MethodenWir führten eine retrospektive Analyse durch, die die dermatologischen Konsultationen außerhalb der Sprechzeiten in einem tertiären Referenzzentrum über einen Zeitraum von zwei Jahren erfasste.ErgebnisseInsgesamt stellten sich 3635 Patienten im Referenzzentrum vor. Die häufigsten ambulanten Diagnosen waren akute Urtikaria (13,8 %) und bakterielle Infektionen (12,3 %). Gemäß dem „Nationalen Kompetenzbasierten Lernzielkatologs Medizin“ (NKLM) wurden 83 % der ambulanten Diagnosen die höchste Kompetenzebene zugewiesen. 405 Patienten (11,01 %) benötigten keine dermatologische Behandlung, während 430 Patienten (13,6 %) stationär aufgenommen wurden. Die meisten Aufnahmen waren die Folge von bakteriellen Infektionen und Herpes Zoster. Fortgeschrittenes Alter, Schmerz und Fieber waren mit einer hohen Wahrscheinlichkeit einer Aufnahme assoziiert.SchlussfolgerungenDie Aufnahmeraten in einem tertiären dermatologischen Referenzzentrum waren wesentlich geringer als in interdisziplinären Notaufnahmen. Einige wenige Diagnosen waren für mehr als die Hälfte aller Konsultationen verantwortlich. Diese Diagnosen sind im NKLM gut abgebildet.
Can Consumers Use Online Reviews to Avoid Unsuitable Doctors? Evidence From RateMDs.com and the Federation of State Medical Boards
Authors: Lantzy Shannon , Anderson David 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTIt is difficult to assess a doctor's quality. According to theory, doctors provide a classic credence service, in which the quality of the service is difficult or impossible to determine even after its consumption. We challenge the notion that doctors are pure credence goods by analyzing the power of online reviews to predict whether a doctor is unsuitable for medical practice. We use doctor ratings as inputs to our model despite strong debate regarding their informational value in healthcare. We use state medical board sanctions as a signal of doctors’ suitability to practice. We find predictive power in our models: there is indeed a signal of underlying doctor suitability in online ratings. Implications for consumer choice, regulatory surveillance, economic theory, and the usefulness of predictive modeling are discussed.
Negative feedback processes following drainage slow down permafrost degradation
Authors: Göckede Mathias , Kwon Min Jung , Kittler Fanny , Heimann Martin , Zimov Nikita , Zimov Sergey 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe sustainability of the vast Arctic permafrost carbon pool under climate change is of paramount importance for global climate trajectories. Accurate climate change forecasts, therefore, depend on a reliable representation of mechanisms governing Arctic carbon cycle processes, but this task is complicated by the complex interaction of multiple controls on Arctic ecosystem changes, linked through both positive and negative feedbacks. As a primary example, predicted Arctic warming can be substantially influenced by shifts in hydrologic regimes, linked to, for example, altered precipitation patterns or changes in topography following permafrost degradation. This study presents observational evidence how severe drainage, a scenario that may affect large Arctic areas with ice‐rich permafrost soils under future climate change, affects biogeochemical and biogeophysical processes within an Arctic floodplain. Our in situ data demonstrate reduced carbon losses and transfer of sensible heat to the atmosphere, and effects linked to drainage‐induced long‐term shifts in vegetation communities and soil thermal regimes largely counterbalanced the immediate drainage impact. Moreover, higher surface albedo in combination with low thermal conductivity cooled the permafrost soils. Accordingly, long‐term drainage effects linked to warming‐induced permafrost degradation hold the potential to alleviate positive feedbacks between permafrost carbon and Arctic warming, and to slow down permafrost degradation. Self‐stabilizing effects associated with ecosystem disturbance such as these drainage impacts are a key factor for predicting future feedbacks between Arctic permafrost and climate change, and, thus, neglect of these mechanisms will exaggerate the impacts of Arctic change on future global climate projections.
Impact of infected and noninfected human dentine debris on bone healing in rats
Authors: Pappen F. G. , Xavier S. R. , Pilownic K. J. , Santos L. G. P. , Gomes A. P. N. , Felix A. C. , Demarco F. F. , Souza E. M. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAimTo evaluate in vivo the bone tissue response of rats to varying amounts of infected and noninfected dentine debris.MethodologyBone tissue reactions were evaluated histologically in 42 Wistar rats after 7, 30 and 60 days. For each animal, three surgical cavities were prepared on the femur and filled with varying amounts (5, 10 or 20 mg) of infected or noninfected dentine debris pellets. In the negative control group, the surgical cavities were not filled. At the end of each experimental period, the animals were euthanized. The samples were processed histologically and analysed using a light microscope. The presence and the severity of inflammatory reaction, as well as hard tissue deposition were evaluated. Data were subjected to statistical analysis and the effects of the dependent variables calculated using nonparametric tests Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney U with due Bonferroni corrections at P = 0.05.ResultsAt 7 days, the presence of infected debris significantly increased the histopathological scores for neutrophils (P < 0.05), and abscess formation (P < 0.05). Noninfected debris scored significantly higher for lymphocyte infiltrate compared with the control group and infected debris (P < 0.05). Both infected and noninfected debris equally triggered eosinophil cells compared with no‐dentine (P < 0.05). As for giant cells and macrophages, no difference was detected amongst the dentine groups (P > 0.05). Hard tissue deposition was similar regardless of the presence or the bacteriological status of the dentine (P = 1.00). None of the above histopathological parameters was significantly influenced by the amount of debris (P > 0.05). For all parameters evaluated, at 7 days of analysis, the inflammatory response was significantly more intense compared with 30 and 60 days (P < 0.05). Inflammatory parameters were scored similarly for the evaluated groups after 30 and 60 days (P > 0.05). However, hard tissue deposition has significantly increased after 30 days (P < 0.05). No difference was seen between 30 and 60 days of analysis (P = 1.00) for all histological parameters evaluated.ConclusionThe assumption that the amount of extruded debris may negatively affect the inflammatory response of bone tissue was not validated in the present in vivo animal study. Infected dentine may trigger acute inflammatory parameters especially during the first 7 days of contact with the tissue; however, in the long term, these negative effects are mitigated.
Adapting nurse‐led cystoscopy experience to the United States: Tele‐cystoscopy a possible compromise?
Authors: Beller Haerin , Lobo Jennifer M. , Horton Bethany J. , Sims Terran , Corey Thomas , Tyson Teresa , Schenkman Noah S. , Krupski Tracey L. , Jones Randy A. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractUrology workforce shortages in rural areas limit access to diagnostic cystoscopy for hematuria or surveillance cystoscopy for patients with bladder cancer. To address this, we developed a tele‐cystoscopy model in which urologic advanced practice professionals (APPs) perform cystoscopies that are interpreted in real‐time by board‐certified urologists at their home institution. This collaborative model allows the cystoscopic interpretation to be performed by a board‐certified urologist. This model may both improve access for patients in remote locations and may lead to greater acceptance of nurse‐led cystoscopy in the medical legal environment found in the United States.
Sequential, within‐season infection with influenza A (H3N2) in a usually healthy vaccinated child
Authors: Temte Jonathan L. , Uzicanin Amra , Goss Maureen , Comp Lily , Temte Emily , Barlow Shari , Reisdorf Erik , Shult Peter , Wedig Mary , Florek Kelsey 
Published: June 2019

AbstractCocirculation of varying influenza types, strains, and lineages allows coinfection and intra‐season sequential infection, although a same‐strain sequential infection has not been previously described. This case report describes the first known case of sequential laboratory‐confirmed influenza A (H3N2) infections in a child within one season.
A randomized controlled trial of a mobile application‐assisted nurse‐led model used to improve treatment outcomes in children with asthma
Authors: Lv Shaoxia , Ye Xiaohong , Wang Zhijiang , Xia Wenfen , Qi Yajuan , Wang Weihan , Chen Yuehua , Cai Xiaohong , Qian Xubo 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAimTo evaluate the effectiveness of a mobile application‐assisted nurse‐led management model in childhood asthma.BackgroundStudies have shown that a nurse‐led asthma management model can improve asthma outcomes. However, the role of a mobile application‐assisted nurse‐led model in paediatric asthma management has not been studied well.DesignA multi‐centre randomized clinical trial.MethodsThe trial was conducted between March 2017–March 2018. A total of 152 children (6 to 11.9 years old) were enrolled, with 77 children in the experimental group and 75 in the control group. All children received nurse‐led asthma management and other routine treatment measures, including inhaled corticosteroids. Meanwhile, a mobile application was used to manage asthma only for children in the experimental group. Primary outcome was frequency of asthma exacerbations. All outcomes were evaluated twice a month for 12 months.ResultsCompared with the pre‐enrollment period, frequency of asthma exacerbations decreased in the post‐enrollment period in the two groups, with a greater decrease in the experimental group. Compared with children in the control group, children in the experimental group had better secondary outcomes, such as improved adherence, higher Childhood Asthma Control Test scores, decreased respiratory tract infections, days of antibiotic use, days of school absence, parental work loss, and medical expenses.ConclusionA mobile application‐assisted nurse‐led management model decreased asthma exacerbations and improved secondary outcomes in children with asthma. Further research is needed to verify its validity in larger population samples.ImpactChildren with asthma benefited from a nurse‐led asthma management model when combined with mobile application. This trial suggested that computer and Internet technologies should be incorporated into nurse‐led asthma strategy in paediatric asthma management.Trial registration: The current trial was registered online with the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (registration number: ChiCTR1800016726).
MiR‐629 regulates hypoxic pulmonary vascular remodelling by targeting FOXO3 and PERP
Authors: Zhao Mei , Chen Ni , Li Xuelian , Lin Ling 
Published: June 2019

AbstractPulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is featured by the increase in pulmonary vascular resistance and pulmonary arterial pressure. Despite that abnormal proliferation and phenotypic changes in human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (HPASMCs) contributing to the pathophysiology of PAH, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. In the present study, we detected the expression of miR‐629 in hypoxia‐treated HPASMCs and explored the mechanistic role of miR‐629 in regulating HPASMC proliferation, migration and apoptosis. Hypoxia time‐dependently induced up‐regulation of miR‐629 and promoted cell viability and proliferation in HPASMCs. Treatment with miR‐629 mimics promoted HPASMCs proliferation and migration, but inhibited cell apoptosis; while knockdown of miR‐629 suppressed the cell proliferation and migration but promoted cell apoptosis in HPASMCs. The bioinformatics prediction revealed FOXO3 and PERP as downstream targets of miR‐629, and miR‐629 negatively regulated the expression of FOXO3 and PERP via targeting the 3’ untranslated regions. Enforced expression of FOXO3 or PERP attenuated the miR‐629 overexpression or hypoxia‐induced enhanced effects on HPASMC proliferation and proliferation, and the suppressive effects on HPASMC apoptosis. Furthermore, the expression of miR‐629 was up‐regulated, and the expression of FOXO3 and PERP mRNA was down‐regulated in the plasma from PAH patients when compared to healthy controls. In conclusion, the present study provided evidence regarding the novel role of miR‐629 in regulating cell proliferation, migration and apoptosis of HPASMCs during hypoxia.
Long non‐coding RNA LINC00526 represses glioma progression via forming a double negative feedback loop with AXL
Authors: Yan Jian , Xu Chunhua , Li Youping , Tang Bin , Xie Shenhao , Hong Tao , Zeng Erming 
Published: June 2019

AbstractGlioma is the most common primary intracranial carcinoma with extremely poor prognosis. The significances of long non‐coding RNA (lncRNA) involved in glioma have been started revealed. However, the expression, roles and molecular mechanisms of most lncRNAs in glioma are still unknown. In this study, we identified a novel lncRNA LINC00526, which is significantly low expressed in glioma. Low expression of LINC00526 is correlated with aggravation and poor survival in glioma. Functional assays revealed that ectopic expression of LINC00526 inhibits glioma cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. LINC00526 silencing promotes glioma cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Mechanistically, we found that LINC00526 directly interacts with EZH2, represses the binding of EZH2 to AXL promoter, attenuates the transcriptional activating roles of EZH2 on AXL, and therefore represses AXL expression. Via repressing AXL, LINC00526 further represses PI3K/Akt/NF‐κB signalling. Intriguingly, we identified that NFKB1 and NFKB2 directly binds LINC00526 promoter and represses LINC00526 transcription. We further found that via activating NF‐κB signalling, AXL represses LINC00526 transcription. Therefore, LINC00526/EZH2/AXL/PI3K/Akt/NF‐κB form a feedback loop in glioma. Analysis of the TCGA data revealed that the expression of LINC00526 is inversely correlated with that of AXL in glioma tissues. In addition, functional rescue assays revealed that the tumour suppressive roles of LINC00526 are dependent on the negative regulation of AXL. Collectively, our data identified LINC00526 as a tumour suppressor in glioma via forming a double negative feedback loop with AXL. Our data also suggested LINC00526 as a potential prognostic biomarker and therapeutic candidate for glioma.
miR‐1, miR‐499 and miR‐208 are sensitive markers to diagnose sudden death due to early acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Pinchi Enrica , Frati Paola , Aromatario Mariarosaria , Cipolloni Luigi , Fabbri Matteo , La Russa Raffaele , Maiese Aniello , Neri Margherita , Santurro Alessandro , Scopetti Matteo , Viola Rocco Valerio , Turillazzi Emanuela , Fineschi Vittorio 
Published: June 2019

AbstractMicroRNAs (miRNAs) are strongly up‐regulated under pathological stress and in a wide range of diseases. In recent years, miRNAs are under investigation for their potential use as biomarkers in cardiovascular diseases. We investigate whether specific cardio‐miRNAs are overexpressed in heart samples from subjects deceased for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) or sudden cardiac death (SCD), and whether miRNA could help differentiate between them. Forty four cases of death due to cardiovascular disease were selected, respectively, 19 cases categorized as AMI and 25 as SCD. Eighteen cases of traumatic death without pathological cardiac involvement were selected as control. Immunohistochemical investigation was performed for CD15, IL‐15, Cx43, MCP‐1, tryptase, troponin C and troponin I. Reverse transcription and quantitative real‐time PCR were performed for miR‐1, miR‐133, miR‐208 and miR‐499. In AMI group, stronger immunoreaction for the CD15, IL‐15 and MCP‐1 antibodies was detectable compared with SCD and control. Cx43 showed a negative reaction with respect to the other groups. Real‐time PCR results showed a down‐regulation of all miRNAs in the AMI group compared with SCD and control. The selected miRNAs presented high accuracy in discriminating SCD from AMI (miR‐1 and miR‐499) and AMI from control (miR‐208) representing a potential aid for both clinicians and pathologists for differential diagnosis.
Butyrate rather than LPS subverts gingival epithelial homeostasis by downregulation of intercellular junctions and triggering pyroptosis
Authors: Liu Juan , Wang Yixiang , Meng Huanxin , Yu Jingting , Lu Hongye , Li Wenjing , Lu Ruifang , Zhao Yibing , Li Qiqiang , Su Li 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAimTo investigate the effects of sodium butyrate (NaB) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on gingival epithelial barrier.Material and methodsWe cultured human primary gingival epithelial cells and investigated the effects of NaB and LPS on gingival epithelial barrier and involved mechanisms at in vitro and in vivo levels by immunostaining, confocal microscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE‐SEM), transmission electronic microscopy (TEM), transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER), FTIC‐dextran flux, flow cytometry, real‐time PCR and Western blot assays.ResultsOur results showed that NaB, rather than LPS, destroyed the epithelial barrier by breaking down cell–cell junctions and triggering gingival epithelial cell pyroptosis with characteristic morphological changes, including swollen cells, large bubbles, pore formation in the plasma membrane and subcellular organelles changes. The upregulated expression of pyroptosis‐related markers, caspase‐3 and gasdermin‐E (GSDME) contributed to this effect. Pyroptosis aroused by NaB is a pro‐inflammatory cell death. Pyroptotic cell death provoked inflammatory responses by upregulation of IL‐8 and MCP‐1, and releasing intracellular contents into the extracellular microenvironment after pyroptotic rupture of the plasma membrane.ConclusionsOur new findings indicate that butyrate is a potent destructive factor of gingival epithelial barrier and pro‐inflammatory mediator, which shed a new light on our understanding of periodontitis initiation.
Using ultrasound for improving hydration and debittering of Andean lupin grains
Authors: Miano Alberto C. , Rojas Meliza L. , Augusto Pedro E. D. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThis article presents results about the potential use of ultrasound technology on the hydration and debittering process of Andean lupin grains (Lupinus albusSweet). The hydration process was conducted conventionally and also assisted by ultrasound technology (ultrasonic water bath, 25 kHz, 41 W/L). Further than the hydration kinetics, the alkaloid content was evaluated. As results, the hydration kinetics of this grain showed a sigmoidal behavior, which was accelerated almost 40% using ultrasound. The lag phase was reduced about 13%, and the equilibrium moisture content was increased about 14%. Finally, by using ultrasound during hydration process, the alkaloid extraction was also improved, extracting 21% more compared to the conventional process. It was concluded that ultrasound technology accelerates not only the hydration process but also the extraction of alkaloids.Practical ApplicationsAndean lupin is a pulse with potential importance for human and animal alimentation due to its high quantity of proteins. However, this pulse has a considerable quantity of undesirable alkaloids that are bitter and toxic. Therefore, a debittering process is required. Further, before debittering, hydration of the grains is required, which is a long and batch process. This work demonstrated that both the hydration and the debittering processes can be enhanced by ultrasound. Consequently, ultrasound technology would have a double application during hydration process of Andean lupin grains.
“Never in my mind to give up!” A qualitative study of long‐term intensive care patients’ inner strength and willpower—Promoting and challenging aspects
Authors: Alexandersen Ingeborg , Stjern Berit , Eide Regina , Haugdahl Hege Selnes , Engan Paulsby Tove , Borgen Lund Stine , Haugan Gørill 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAims and objectivesTo explore aspects that promote and challenge long‐term ICU patients’ inner strength and willpower.BackgroundConsiderable research has been devoted to ICU patients’ experiences; however, research on long‐term ICU patients is limited. Studies in a health‐promoting perspective focusing on long‐term ICU patients’ inner strength and willpower are scarce.DesignA qualitative, hermeneutic‐phenomenological approach, using in‐depth interviews.MethodsSeventeen long‐term Norwegian ICU patients were interviewed once, at 6–18 months after ICU discharge. The consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research was used (Data S1).ResultsThe lived experience of the phenomenon “inner strength and willpower” and what promotes and challenges this phenomenon in long‐term ICU patients were represented by four main themes and nine subthemes. Promoting aspects comprised of two main themes and five subthemes: (a) “No doubt about coming back to life” with subthemes; “Strong connectedness to life; feeling alive and present,” “Meaning and purpose; feeling valuable to somebody.” (b) “How to ignite and maintain the spark of life,” with the subthemes: “Practical solutions, coping skills from previous life experiences,” “Provocative and inspiring experiences” and “Vivid dream experiences that ignite the willpower.” Two main categories and four subcategories represented challenging aspects: (a) Exhaustion, weakness and discomfort; subthemes; “Physical challenges” and “Mental discomfort” and (b) “Tiring delusions,” subthemes; “Living in the worst horror movie” and “Feeling trapped.”ConclusionThis study expands on previous studies by providing insights about what promotes and challenges long‐term ICU patients’ inner strength and willpower during their recovery trajectory.Relevance to clinical practiceInsights into the variety of long‐term ICU patients’ experiences during the recovery trajectory are important for ICU nurses to support and facilitate ICU patients’ inner strength and willpower.