bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Services sector in Colombia: relationship between innovation and internationalization
Authors: Castiblanco Moreno Suelen Emilia , Castro Castell Ofelia Patricia , Gómez Ramírez Adriana Patricia 
Published: February 2019

The services sector has been constituted as the most important of the national economy with a 51.1% of GDP share in 2014, however, in that same year, represented less than 0.2% in the country's exports. In this sense, the objective of this article is to identify the relationship between innovation and internationalization in the services sector in Colombia in order to understand their low participation in exports. Thus, a reference framework on the services sector is presented and a quantitative descriptive analysis of the EDITS information is carried out. From this analysis, it is concluded that the number of companies with innovation activities has decreased, that the few results of these activities are not oriented to the international markets and that they are financed almost entirely by the companies in the face of the low level of public support.El sector servicios se ha constituido como el más importante de la economía nacional con una participación del 51.1% del PIB en el 2014, sin embargo, en ese mismo año, representó menos del 0.2% en las exportaciones del país. En ese sentido, el objetivo de este artículo es identificar la relación entre innovación e internacionalización en el sector servicios en Colombia con el fin de comprender su baja participación en las exportaciones. Así, se presenta un marco de referencia sobre el sector servicios y se realiza un análisis cuantitativo descriptivo de la información de la EDITS. De este análisis se concluye que el número de empresas con actividades de innovación ha decrecido, que los pocos resultados de estas actividades no se orientan a los mercados internacionales y que son financiadas casi en su totalidad por las empresas ante el bajo nivel de apoyo público.O setor de serviços tornou-se o mais importante da economia nacional com uma quota de 51,1% do PIB em 2014, no entanto, nesse ano, representava menos de 0,2% nas exportações. Nesse sentido, o objetivo deste artigo é identificar a relação entre inovação e internacionalização do setor de serviços na Colômbia a fim de compreender a sua baixa participação nas exportações. Assim, um quadro para o setor de serviços é apresentado e uma análise quantitativa descritiva das informações edições é realizada. Esta análise concluiu que o número de empresas com atividades de inovação diminuiu, os poucos resultados destas atividades não são destinados a mercados internacionais e são financiados quase inteiramente pelas empresas com o baixo nível de apoio público.
Közép-Ázsia közlekedése: nagyra törő tervek, kevés fejlődés
Authors: Bucsky Péter 
Published: February 2019

A Szovjetunió összeomlását követően a közép-ázsiai térségben a határok meghúzása komoly, máig tartó feszültségeket okozott. A rendszerváltás a gazdaságok erőteljes visszaesésével járt, jelentős társadalmi kihatásokkal és a szállítási igények drasztikus csökkenésével. A közép-ázsiai, ma már 70 milliós lakosságú térségben öt állam jött létre 1993-ban. A függetlenséggel új gazdasági, kereskedelmi kapcsolatokat kellett keresni, amelyekhez új közlekedési infrastruktúrára is szükség volt. A kicsi és szétszórt lakossághoz új közlekedési kapcsolatok építése nehéz feladat egy olyan térségben, ahol óriásiak a távolságok és a délkeleti részen jelentősek a természeti akadályok, valamint a közlekedési és logisztikai rendszer nemzetközi összehasonlításban kifejezetten alacsony színvonalú.
Fontos kérdés, hogy mennyire tudott ez a térség a világgazdaságba integrálódni. A térség fejlesztésére több kezdeményezés is született, több esetben a külső partnerek kezdeményezésére és nem a térség országainak együttműködésével. Cikkemben azt vizsgálom, hogy milyen változások történtek a térség közlekedési infrastruktúrájában, tudott-e ez a megváltozott gazdasági helyzethez alkalmazkodni, illetve mely fejlesztési kezdeményezések értek el hosszabb távon is jelentős hatást.
Muro em queda: Projeto para uma teoria da linguagem em Walter Benjamin/ Wall falling: Project for a theory of language in Walter Benjamin
Authors: Ketzer Estevan Negreiros 
Published: February 2019

Resumo: O presente artigo propõe pensar os elementos iniciais no pensamento de Walter Benjamin acerca de uma teoria da linguagem. A questão a partir da qual o centro de sua indagação passa a ser a superficialidade e a falta de vinculação do ser humano com o ato nominativo, vulgarizando-se no decorrer do tempo, obtendo seu ápice na era moderna. A ideia na qual o ser humano se afastou de sua essência está relacionada a uma indistinção da realidade a partir da tradição grega do logos. Como crítica ao fundamento grego, Benjamin recorre à tradição da ciência cabalística hebraica ao realizar uma leitura do capítulo primeiro do pentateuco.Palavras chave: Walter Benjamin; Teoria da Linguagem; Cabala; Pentateuco.Abstract: The present article proposes to think the initial elements in Walter Benjamin’s thought on a theory of the language. The question from which the center of his inquiry becomes the superficiality and lack of attachment of the human being to the nominative act, becoming without value through the time, getting its apex in the modern age. The idea in which the human being departed from its essence is related to an indistinction of reality from the Greek tradition of logos. As a criticism of the Greek foundation, Benjamin resorts to the Hebrew Kabbalistic tradition to read the first chapter of the Pentateuch.Keywords: Walter Benjamin; Language Theory; Kabbala; Pentateuch.
Dialogando com prógonos e epígonos: Walter Benjamin relê o materialismo histórico/ Dialoguing with forerunners and epigones: Walter Benjamin rereads historical materialism
Authors: Del Lama Fernando Araújo 
Published: February 2019

Resumo: O presente artigo pretende iluminar a releitura do materialismo histórico proposta por Walter Benjamin a partir do debate com seus prógonos (Marx e Engels) e com alguns de seus epígonos (sobretudo a socialdemocracia alemã, mas também o socialismo soviético de estirpe stalinista), visando encontrar alguns elementos nos primeiros que lhe permitam apoiar a crítica do progresso que ele endereça aos últimos. Ele recorre, ao longo da argumentação, a textos nos quais Benjamin discute sua interpretação do materialismo histórico, fundada em uma ruptura radical com a ideologia do progresso, tais como as teses Sobre o conceito de história e o ensaio sobre Eduard Fuchs, e conclui indicando uma afinidade entre crítica do progresso, crítica do positivismo, elementos românticos e o espírito do marxismo em tal interpretação.Palavras-chave: Walter Benjamin; materialismo histórico; crítica do progresso; Sobre o conceito de história; socialdemocracia alemã.Abstract:This paper intends to illuminate the re-reading of the historical materialism proposed by Walter Benjamin as from the debate with its forerunners (Marx and Engels) and with some of its epigones (especially German Social Democracy, but also Stalinist-strain Soviet Socialism), aiming to find some elements in the first that allow him to support the critique of progress that he addresses to the last ones. Throughout the argument, it resorts to texts in which Benjamin discusses his interpretation of historical materialism, which is founded on a radical break with the ideology of progress, such as the thesis On the Concept of History and the essay on Eduard Fuchs, and concludes by indicating an affinity between critique of progress, critique of positivism, romantic elements and the spirit of Marxism in such an interpretation.Keywords: Walter Benjamin, historical materialism, critique of progress, On theConcept of History, German Social Democracy.
Internal Auditors’ Independence and Financial Performance of Listed Banks at the Nairobi Securities Exchange
Authors: Mburunga Elicana Mwiti , Walubuka Dr. Elijah , Gichana Mr. Ignatius 
Published: February 2019

The internal audit function plays a significant role in the financial performance of banks as it tasked with not only carrying out an oversight function but also providing assurance to their stakeholders. It is also required of an internal auditor to undertake assessment on the status of internal controls as well provide recommendations on the same albeit independently. However, these functions are adversely influenced by interference from top management leading to a significant negative impact on the financial performance of banks. Specifically this research based its investigation on the influence of internal auditors’ independence on financial performance of listed banks at the Nairobi Securities Exchange (NSE). The study is pivoted on two theories; Agency Theory and Market Power Theory. This research was guided by Descriptive survey research design. The study’s target population constituted of 76 Audit Managers and Internal auditors. A sample size of 76 final sampled subjects was used and respondents selected using Census sampling technique. A questionnaire was prepared and used for primary data collection from the target final sampled subjects. Descriptive statistics was employed in the analysis of quantitative data while narratives guided by themes under research were employed in the reporting of qualitative data. A Chi Sqaure was employed to test hypothesis. The research established that limited or minimal internal auditors’ independence negatively influenced financial performance of listed banks at the NSE. In particular, the study established that the existence of an internal audit budget as a measure of improving internal auditors’ independence influenced the financial performance of commercial banks listed in NSE. Additionally, this research established that recognized the need to enhance of Internal audit as a training ground for managers meaning most of the study’s final subjects appreciated the need to gain experience prior to been promoted to an audit manager position for excellent work performance. The scholarly investigation concluded that internal audit budget that determines internal auditors’ independence has a significant influence on the financial performance of listed banks. The research recommends that as a measure of enhancing internal auditor independence, commercial dependable banks listed at the Nairobi Securities Exchange (NSE) should invest financial resources in the form of a budget to their internal audit departments.
Porter’s Competitive Strategies Influence on Performance of Mobile Telecommunication Companies in Kenya
Authors: David Asena Muganda 
Published: February 2019

Abstract:
The purpose of the study was to establish the relationship between Porter’s competitive strategies and performance of mobile telecommunication companies in Kenya. More specifically the study sought to determine the influence of cost leadership, differentiation and market focus strategies on performance of mobile telecommunication companies in Kenya. The target population of the study comprised of 241 management staff drawn from; Safaricom PLC, Airtel, Telkom and Equitel mobile telecommunication companies in Kenya. A sample of 117 respondents was selected purposively for the study. The study adopted a mixed method of explanatory and cross sectional survey research design approach. The research utilized both primary and secondary data. The data obtained was summarized using descriptive and inferential statistics. Pearson’s correlation was used to determine the relationship between the variables, and multiple regression to determine the influence of Porter’s competitive strategies on performance of mobile telecommunication companies. The study concluded that Porter’s competitive strategies; cost leadership, differentiation and market focus strategies adopted by the telecommunication companies had a positive significant influence on their performance in terms of sales and market share in customer’s subscription. The study recommended that mobile telecommunication companies in Kenya should embrace Porter’s competitive strategies more to continue achieving competitive advantage and enhance their performance.
Morte e Renascimento: reflexões entre a psicoterapia e o tratamento de doenças
Authors: Perin Nathália , Cardinalli Ida Elizabeth , Faria Durval Luiz de 
Published: February 2019

Este estudo apresenta uma revisão bibliográfica com o objetivo de articular os temas morte e renascimento com a psicoterapia e o tratamento de doenças. Inicia-se com uma breve apresentação da Ontopsicologia com suas descobertas empíricas e metodológicas ao longo do tempo visando uma introdução ao conceito de psicoterapia ontopsicológica. Detalha dois artigos dos quais foram apresentados os resultados obtidos e as peculiaridades da análise onírica nessa perspectiva. Concluiu-se que os resultados em psicoterapia dependem também de uma vontade de mudança por parte dos clientes. O sintoma ou problema existe como expressão de algo não resolvido ou não compreendido, entendendo e elaborando a sua origem, abre-se espaço para a cura. É nesse ponto que as temáticas morte e renascimento andam juntas e são tão relevantes na psicoterapia. No tratamento de doenças, para superar um determinado sintoma ou problema, é necessário estimular a revisão crítica da consciência que se dá por meio do abandono de velhos esquemas fixos, aprendidos e memorizados, mudando o modo de pensar e refletir, buscando abrir a mente para a novidade que quer nascer.
Farklı Oranlarda Karıştırılan Yem Bezelyesi (Pisum sativum L.) ve Arpa (Hordeum vulgare L.) Hâsıllarının Silaj ve Yem Kalitesine Etkisi
Authors: SEYDOŞOĞLU Seyithan 
Published: February 2019

Amaç: Farklı oranlarda karıştırılan yem bezelyesi (Pisum sativum L.) ile arpa (Hordeum vulgare L.) hâsıllarının silaj ve yem kalitesine etkisinin araştırılmasıdır.Materyal ve Yöntem: Denemede bitki materyali olarak, Altıkat arpa (Hordeum vulgare L.) çeşidi, GAP Pembesi yem bezelyesi (Pisum sativum L.) çeşidi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma; GAP Uluslararası Tarımsal Araştırma ve Eğitim Merkezi Müdürlüğü deneme tarlasında kışlık olarak 2015-2016 yılında yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada; yalın olarak %100 yem bezelyesi, %100 arpa silajından oluşurken, karışım oranları ise %75 yem bezelyesi + %25 arpa, %50 yem bezelyesi + %50 arpa, %25 yem bezelyesi + %75 arpa karışım silajından oluşmuştur.Bulgular: Silajlar fiziksel özellikleri yönünden incelendiğinde; en yüksek puanı 19.25 ile %100 arpa silajından elde edilirken, en düşük puan ise 14.00 ile %100 yem bezelyesi silajından elde edilmiştir. Nitelik sınıfı bakımından tüm silajlar “iyi” ve “çok iyi” sınıfına dâhil olmuştur. Kimyasal özellikler açısından incelendiğinde; pH değeri 3.91-4.11, kuru madde %27.50-32.75, ham protein %12.10- 18.75, ham kül oranı %8.21-8.38, flieg 103.80-111.50 puan, asit deterjanda çözünmeyen lif %32.34- 35.53, nötr deterjanda çözünmeyen lif %42.48-50.90, sindirilebilir kuru madde %62.10-63.71, kuru madde tüketim %2.36-2.83 ve nispi yem değeri 111.92-139.03 arasında değişim göstermiştir.Sonuç: Tüm özellikler yönünden incelendiğinde; yüksek ham protein oranı, düşük asit deterjanda çözünmeyen lif ve nötr deterjanda çözünmeyen lif oranları ve yüksek nispi yem değeri ile %75 yem bezelyesi + %25 arpa karışım silajı önerilmektedir.
LEPROSY AND HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS COINFECTION: A RARE CASE REPORT
Authors: Lydiawati Eva , Sirithida Chukmol , Vannda Sou , Vortey Hak , Ratana Heng , Listiawan M. Yulianto , Agusni Indropo 
Published: February 2019

Leprosy, or Hansen disease, is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae which is associated with inflammation that may damage the skin and the peripheral nerves. Leprosy remains an important public health problem in Southeast Asia, America, and Africa. It has been speculated that, as with TB, HIV infection may exacerbate leprosy lesions and/or lead to increased susceptibility to leprosy. We report the case of leprosy and HIV co-infection and reveals its clinical manifestation. A 34-year-old female came to outpatient clinic complaining of rednessplaque on her face of 2-months duration. It was also accompanied with thick sensation but without itchy or burning sensation. We found thick erythematous plaque with sharp margin and hypoesthesia on her face and body. There were no madarosis, saddle nose, lagophthalmos, nor sign of neuritis. The slit-skin smear revealed BI 1+ globi and MI 2%. From laboratory examination we found CBC was within normal limit, IgM anti PGL-1 titer was 1265 u/mL and IgG anti PGL-1 was 834 u/mL Both histological examination on her ear lobe and extremity revealed that was similar to the lesion of leprosy. The detection of HIV antibody was positive with CD4 count on 325 cells/μL. We treat her with MDT for MB leprosy along with ART (Tenofovir, Lamivudine, and Efavirenz). After 6-months follow-up we observed no progression of the lesions though the slit-skin smear after completing 6 months of therapy become negative. M. leprae does not seem to accelerate the decline of immune function when associated with HIV infection. HIV infection does not seem to affect the clinical classification and progression of leprosy. Treatment of the HIV-leprosy co-infected patient consists of the combination of ARTs and anti-leprosy agents. So that, the treatment of leprosy and HIV co-infection does not differ from that of a seronegative leprosy patient.
İkinci Dünya Savaşı Yıllarında Sosyal Bir Yardım Olarak Kızılay Aşevleri
Authors: UTKUGÜN Ceren , ORTAK Şaban 
Published: February 2019

1929 Dünya Ekonomik
Krizinin etkileri devam ederken İkinci Dünya Savaşı başlamıştır. Bu durum
savaşın olumsuz ekonomik etkilerinin daha yoğun biçimde yaşanmasına neden
olmuştur. Savaş yıllarında askeri harcamaların artması, üretimin ve ithalatın
azalması halkın üzerinde ağır bir ekonomik yük oluşturmuştur. Enflasyon
toplumda ekonomik bunalım oluşturmuş, ekonomik güçlerin askeri alana
kaydırılması tarımsal üretimde azalmalara yol açmış, besin maddeleri sıkıntısı
sonucunda karne uygulamaları başlamış, yer yer kıtlık yaşanmıştır. İkinci Dünya
Savaşı’nın başlamasıyla savaş dışı kalmaya çalışan Türkiye seferberlik ilan
etmiştir. Seferberlik ilanı dış tehditlere karşı milli müdafaa tedbiri olarak
değerlendirilse de sonuçları itibariyle ülkede iaşe sorunu yaşanmasına yol
açmıştır.

Savaş yıllarında yaşanan ekonomik sıkıntıları
hafifletmek amacıyla çeşitli ekonomik ve sosyal tedbirler alınmıştır. Ekonomik
müdahalelerle savaş enflasyonu önlenmeye ve sosyal politikalarla savaştan
kaynaklanan toplumsal sorunlar hafifletilmeye çalışılmıştır. Sosyal politika
tedbirlerinde devletin yetmediği alanlarda sosyal yardım cemiyetleri ve gönüllü
kişilerin yardımları ile desteklenmiştir. Bu çalışmada İkinci Dünya Savaşı
yıllarında artan yoksulluk sonucunda özellikle kentlerde yaşanan açlığı hafifletmeye
çalışan Kızılay aş evlerinin çalışmaları dönem basınından faydalanılarak
incelenmiştir.
INTEGRASI REPRESENTASI MAKROSKOPIK, PARTIKEL, DAN SIMBOLIK PADA BAHAN AJAR LARUTAN ASAM-BASA MENGGUNAKAN PENDEKATAN MODEL LEARNING CYCLE 5E UNTUK KELAS XI
Authors: Hapsah Rosmala , Maolani Rukaesih Ahmad , Rahman Arif 
Published: February 2019

Integrasi representasi makroskopik, partikel, dan simbolik dapat membatu siswa menghubungkan antar ketiga representasi dari suatu fenomena. Penelitian ini menghasilkan bahan ajar Larutan Asam-Basa melalui integrasi representasi makroskopik, partikel, dan simbolik dengan model Learning Cycle 5E yang layak untuk kelas XI. Bahan ajar ini dapat dijadikan sumber belajar alternatif pada pembelajaran kimia. Penelitian dilakukan di Universitas Negeri Jakarta, SMAN 39 Jakarta, dan MAN 14 Jakarta sejak bulan Februari hingga November 2012. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian pengembangan. Metode ini terdiri dari tiga tahap yaitu analisis kebutuhan, pengembangan bahan ajar, dan uji coba kelayakan bahan ajar. Hasil perhitungan reliabilitas interrater pada uji materi, uji media, dan uji bahasa di tahap pengembangan bahan ajar, masing-masing menunjukkan bahwa kesesuaian antar penilai baik, r > 0.7. Selain itu hasil interpretasi skor pada tahap uji coba kelayakan menunjukkan bahwa bahan ajar layak digunakan. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa bahan ajar yang telah dikembangkan dapat diterima dengan baik dan layak.
Kata Kunci: Bahan Ajar, Larutan Asam-Basa, Representasi Kimia, Learning Cycle 5E, Penelitian Pengembangan.
ANALISIS PERSEPSI SISWA PADA MATERI KOLOID DALAM PEMBELAJARAN KIMIA DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN MENTAL IMAGE ANALYSIS OF STUDENTâ€™S
Authors: Wulandari Dyah Ratna , Marheni Marheni , Nurbaity Nurbaity 
Published: February 2019

Penggambaran makroskopis, mikroskopis dan simbol dalam mata pelajaran kimia yang disebut sebagai triangle levels of representations dapat membuat persepsi siswa terhadap konsep menjadi berbeda-beda dan ada kemungkinan mengalami miskonsepsi atau kesalahan konsep. Visualisasi dapat memperjelas persepsi atau mental image siswa mengenai gambaran suatu konsep yang ada dalam pikirannya. Pada pembelajaran materi koloid selama ini disampaikan dengan analogi secara verbal, sehingga dapat menimbulkan persepsi siswa yang berbeda-beda terhadap suatu konsep. Diharapkan jika terdapat kesalahan persepsi (miskonsepsi) pada siswa, maka akan dapat dideteksi lebih awal dengan menggunakan mental image. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui persepsi siswa terhadap konsep-konsep dalam materi koloid dengan menggunakan mental image. Penelitian dilaksanakan di SMA Negeri 1 Tangerang pada bulan Mei-Juni 2013. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif analisis. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas XI IPA 1 dan XI IPA 2. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar siswa masih mengalami miskonsepsi pada beberapa konsep pada materi koloid.
Kata kunci: miskonsepsi, koloid, mental image
Pengaruh Model Problem Based Learning dan Tipe Kepribadian Terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Siswa pada Materi Koloid
Authors: Taher Tamrin , Erdawati Erdawati , Afrizal Afrizal 
Published: February 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh model Problem Based Learning dan tipe kepribadian terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa pada materi koloid. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas XI IPA 2 dan XI IPA 3 SMA Negeri 5 Tidore Kepulauan tahun pelajaran 2016/2017 yang dipilih menggunakan teknik cluster random sampling. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode eksperimen dengan desain faktorial 2x2. Instrumen untuk mengukur kemampuan berpikir kritis berupa soal essay dan instrumen mengetahui tipe kepribadian berupa kuisioner. Analisis data penelitian menggunakan analisis varians dua jalan dan dilanjutkan dengan uji-t. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh: 1) terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa pada materi koloid yang diajarkan dengan model Problem Based Learning dan model pembelajaran langsung. 2) terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa pada materi koloid antara siswa berkepribadian ekstrovert dan introvert. 3) terdapat pengaruh interaksi antara model pembelajaran dan tipe kepribadian terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa pada materi koloid. 4) kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa ekstrovert yang diajarkan dengan model Problem Based Learning lebih tinggi dibanding jika diajarkan dengan model pembelajaran langsung. 5) kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa introvert yang diajarkan dengan model Problem Based Learning lebih rendah dibanding jika diajarkan dengan model pembelajaran langsung. Dari hasil di atas, dapat disimpulkan bahwa model Problem Based Learning lebih cocok diterapkan pada siswa yang memiliki tipe kepribadian ekstrovert untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis mereka terutama pada materi koloid dibanding siswa introvert.

Kata kunci
Problem Based Learning, Tipe Kepribadian, Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis, Koloid