bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Previously diagnosed cancer and mortality after ST‐segment elevation acute myocardial infarction treated with primary angioplasty
Authors: Iglesias‐Garriz Ignacio , Delgado Irene , Prieto‐Salvador Iván , Garrote Carmen , García‐Palomo Andrés , Fernández‐Vazquez Felipe 
Published: October 2019

AbstractObjectiveWe investigated if a previous cancer diagnosis influences the outcome of patients with STEMI treated with primary coronary intervention (PCI).BackgroundST‐segment myocardial infarction (STEMI) and a history of cancer can coexist because both have a high incidence and prevalence.MethodsProspective cohort observational study, The primary end‐point was total mortality.ResultsWe included 917 patients, 53 of them (5.8%) were cancer survivors. During follow‐up (median, 643 days [interquartile range, 258 to 1,015 days]), 100 patients died, 88 (10.2%) patients without a cancer diagnosis and 12 (22.6%) patients with a previous cancer diagnosis, which was significantly different (log‐rank test = 8.4, p = .004). Cancer patients were older (73.4 (11.5) vs. 65.2 (13.8) years, p < .001), with a lower prevalence of previous stroke (1.1% vs. 2.2%, p = .002). Their hemoglobin concentration was also lower (13.4 (2.1) vs. 14.4 (1.7) g/L, p = .001). A trend towards a lower use of coronary stents in cancer survivors was noted (p = .061). Cancer was associated with a high probability of death (HR = 2.37, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.30–4.34, p = .005). When confounding variables were included, this association was no longer significant (HR = 1.63, 95% CI 0.84–3.18, p = .150).ConclusionsPatients with a previous cancer diagnosis who had an acute STEMI treated by primary PCI did not seem to have a worse prognosis. The difference in the crude mortality rate can be explained by the baseline differences between both groups. Previous cancer diagnosis should not be included in the clinical decision process when a patient is having an acute STEMI.
Pulmonary hemorrhage in children with Alagille syndrome undergoing cardiac catheterization
Authors: Adamson Gregory T. , Peng Lynn F. , Feinstein Jeffrey A. , Yarlagadda Vamsi V. , Lin Amy , Wise‐Faberowski Lisa , McElhinney Doff B. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate the incidence, severity, and outcomes of pulmonary hemorrhage in children with Alagille syndrome (AGS) undergoing cardiac catheterization, and to find variables associated with hemorrhage in this population.BackgroundChildren with AGS have a high incidence of bleeding complications during invasive procedures. It has been our impression that catheterization‐associated pulmonary hemorrhage is more common in children with AGS, but there are no published data on this topic.MethodsThis was a retrospective single institution study of children with AGS undergoing catheterization from 2010 to 2018. Pulmonary hemorrhage was defined as angiographic or fluoroscopic evidence of extravasated blood in the lung parenchyma, or blood suctioned from the endotracheal tube with documentation of pulmonary hemorrhage by the anesthesiologist or intensivist. Univariate comparisons were made between catheterizations that did and did not have pulmonary hemorrhage.ResultsThirty children with AGS underwent 87 catheterizations, 32 (37%) with interventions on the branch pulmonary arteries (PA). There were 26 (30%) procedures with hemorrhage, the majority (65%) of which were self‐limited or required less than 24 hr of mechanical ventilation. Moderate and severe hemorrhage occurred only in children with tetralogy of Fallot (TOF; 5 of 14, 36%). A higher right ventricle to aorta systolic pressure ratio (1.0 [0.85–1.1] vs. 0.88 [0.59–1.0], p = .029) and interventions on the branch PAs (14 of 26, 54% vs. 18 of 61, 30%, p = .032) were associated with hemorrhage.ConclusionsPulmonary hemorrhage was common in children with AGS undergoing both intervention and diagnostic cardiac catheterization, and was associated with TOF, higher RV to aorta pressure ratio, and interventions on the branch PAs.
Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor of nasal cavity and paranasal sinus with 13 years of follow‐up—A case report and review of literature
Authors: Vengaloor Thomas Toms , Abraham Anu , Bhanat Eldrin , Al Hmada Youssef , Albert Ashley , Vijayakumar Srinivasan , Stinger Scott P. , Packianathan Satyaseelan 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAlthough extremely rare, sarcomas including malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors should be considered in the differential diagnosis of sino‐nasal tract lesions. Long‐term cure is possible through definitive operative management followed by adjuvant therapy.
Reductive Amidation without an External Hydrogen Source Using Rhodium on Carbon Matrix as a Catalyst
Authors: Tsygankov Alexey A. , Makarova Maria , Afanasyev Oleg I. , Kashin Alexey S. , Naumkin Alexander V. , Loginov Dmitry A. , Chusov Denis 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAn efficient method for preparation of secondary amides from primary amides and aldehydes using rhodium on carbon matrix as catalyst was developed. The method does not require any external hydrogen source and carbon monoxide is used as a reducing agent. The most active rhodium catalysts were characterized by BET, TEM and XPS techniques. Unexpectedly, it was found that heterogeneous rhodium on carbon matrix works as precatalyst for homogenous active species due to leaching of rhodium to the solution. Various secondary amides were synthesized and checked for antifungal activity. 4‐Methoxy‐N‐(4‐methoxybenzyl)benzamide demonstrated promising activity against Rhizoctonia Solani.
Multicomponent Tandem Polymerization of Aromatic Alkynes, Carbonyl Chloride, and Fischer's Base toward Poly(diene merocyanine)s
Authors: Tang Xiaojuan , Zhang Lihui , Hu Rongrong , Tang Ben Zhong 
Published: October 2019

Summary of main observation and conclusionMulticomponent polymerization (MCP) is a popular tool to construct polymers with diverse structure, simple operation, and high efficiency, which faces the challenges of limited product structures. Multicomponent tandem polymerization (MCTP), combining two or multiple reactions in a one‐pot fashion, could expand the scope of MCP and enrich the polymer structures. Herein, a one‐pot three‐component tandem polymerization of diynes, carbonyl chloride, and Fischer's base has been developed to afford conjugated poly(diene merocyanine)s with mild condition, satisfactory molecular weights (Mw up to 10900 g/mol) and yields (up to 81%). The polymers enjoy good solubility and high thermal stability. The unique emission behavior of the model compound and polymer show that they are aggregation‐induced emission (AIE)‐active, suggesting that the diene merocyanine moiety is a potential AIEgen. This MCTP shows great potential in the preparation of functional polymer materials, which could build new AIE functional units directly from the polymerization, demonstrating its synthetic simplicity and elegance.
Site‐specific response patterns, pseudoprogression, and acquired resistance in patients with melanoma treated with ipilimumab combined with anti–PD‐1 therapy
Authors: Pires da Silva Ines , Lo Serigne , Quek Camelia , Gonzalez Maria , Carlino Matteo S. , Long Georgina V. , Menzies Alexander M. 
Published: October 2019

BackgroundPatients with metastatic melanoma have variable responses to combination ipilimumab and nivolumab. The objectives of this study were to examine the patterns of response and survival in patients treated with combination ipilimumab and anti–PD‐1 therapy (IPI + PD1) and to explore the nature of pseudoprogression and acquired resistance.MethodsPatients with metastatic melanoma who received treatment with first‐line IPI + PD1 had all metastases ≥5 mm measured on computed tomography/magnetic resonance imaging studies. The lesional response rate (LRR) and the overall response rate (ORR) were determined according to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors, version 1.1.ResultsIn total, 140 patients who had 833 metastases were studied. The ORR and the overall complete response (CR) rate decreased as tumor burden or the number of metastases increased. Metastases that had a CR (49%) were smaller than metastases without a CR (median, 13 vs 17 mm; P < .0001). Soft‐tissue and lung metastases had the highest LRR (79% and 77%, respectively), whereas liver metastases had the lowest (46%). In multivariate analysis, patients with lung metastases had superior ORR (odds ratio [OR], 2.75; P = .02) and progression‐free survival (hazard ratio [HR], 0.46; P = .02), whereas those with liver metastases had inferior ORR (OR, 0.33; P = .02), progression‐free survival (HR, 4.03; P < .01), and overall survival (HR, 3.17; P = .01). Pseudoprogression occurred in one‐third of patients who had progressive disease as their best response, with an overall survival that was comparable to that of patients without disease progression. Acquired resistance occurred in 12% of responders after a median of 9.6 months, with an overall survival rate of 83% at 1 year from progression.ConclusionsMetastases in different anatomical locations display distinct response patterns and also are associated with overall response and survival with combination immunotherapy. Specific sites of disease may hold unique mechanisms of resistance and should allow for more personalized treatment.
PAMPAR: A new parallel benchmark for performance and energy consumption evaluation
Authors: Marques Garcia Adriano , Schepke Claudio , Girardi Alessandro 
Published: October 2019

SummaryThis paper presents PAMPAR, a new benchmark to evaluate the performance and energy consumption of different Parallel Programming Interfaces (PPIs). The benchmark is composed of 11 algorithms implemented in PThreads, OpenMP, MPI‐1, and MPI‐2 (spawn) PPIs. Previous studies have used some of these pseudo‐applications to perform this type of evaluation in different architectures since there is no benchmark that offers this variety of PPIs and communication models. In this work, we measure the energy and performance of each pseudo‐application in a single architecture, varying the number of threads/processes. We also organize the pseudo‐applications according to their memory accesses, floating‐point operations, and branches. The goal is to show that this set of pseudo‐applications has enough features to build a parallel benchmark. The results show that there is no single best case that provides both better performance and low energy consumption in the presented scenarios. Moreover, the pseudo‐applications usage of the system resources are different enough to represent different scenarios and be efficient as a benchmark.
CT image reconstruction algorithms: A comprehensive survey
Authors: Zhang Shu , Xia Youshen 
Published: October 2019

SummaryWith the application of computed tomography (CT) technology to the clinic diagnosis and image‐guided surgeries, various CT image reconstruction algorithms were presented for enhancing CT image quality based on different dose acquisitions. For wide and effective uses, this paper is going to provide a comprehensive survey on representative CT image reconstruction algorithms, in the light of low‐dose and high‐dose acquisitions and algorithm performance, including their merits and limitations. The algorithm performance and complexity are discussed under Gaussian and Poisson noise environments, respectively. Finally, experimental results analyze the efficiency and performance of several popular CT image reconstruction algorithms in terms of computation time and accuracy.
A simulated parameter optimization method–based manifold learning for a production process
Authors: Xu Gang , Dong Qianqian , Li Min 
Published: October 2019

SummaryA production process parameter optimization method based on feature extraction for manifold learning is proposed to achieve precise optimization of steel anomaly data of different grades in the same series and to improve the quality of industrial products. First, the appropriate neighboring samples are found in the state of the sample point and the next state to form the neighborhood matrix. Then, the manifold hidden inside the data is extracted, ie, the evolution trend of the process parameters between different brands. At the same time, a monitoring model is built with the training data based on the support vector data description (SVDD). If an outlier is detected, it will be projected onto the manifold to obtain the adjustment values. Thus, the outlier can return to the normal state. The Swiss roll and actual production data of interstitial‐free (IF) steels are employed to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. The results show that the new method considers the continuity of process parameters of different product grades in the production process and uses data to extract the potential manifold, ie, using the evolution trend of process parameters among different product grades to achieve the optimization of the process parameter. The proposed method provides a new process parameter optimization method for the actual production process.
Visible‐Light‐Driven Cleavage of C−O Linkage for Lignin Valorization to Functionalized Aromatics
Authors: Lin Jinchi , Wu Xuejiao , Xie Shunji , Chen Liangyi , Zhang Qinghong , Deng Weiping , Wang Ye 
Published: October 2019

AbstractLignin is the most abundant source of renewable aromatics. Catalytic valorization of lignin into functionalized aromatics is attractive but challenging. Photocatalysis is a promising sustainable approach. The strategies for designing well‐performing photocatalysts are desired but remain limited. Herein, a facile energy band engineering strategy for promoting the photocatalytic activity of zinc–indium–sulfide (ZnmIn2Sm+3) for cleavage of the lignol β‐O‐4 bond under mild conditions was developed. The energy band structure of ZnmIn2Sm+3 could be tuned by controlling the atomic ratio of Zn/In. It was found that Zn4In2S7 performed best for cleavage of the β‐O‐4 bond under visible‐light irradiation, owing to its appropriate energy band structure for offering adequate visible‐light absorption and suitable redox capability. Functionalized aromatic monomers with near 18.4 wt % yield could be obtained from organosolv birch lignin. Mechanistic studies revealed that the β‐O‐4 bond was efficiently cleaved mainly through a one‐step redox‐neutral pathway via a Cα radical intermediate. The thiol groups on the surface of Zn4In2S7 played a key role in cleavage of the β‐O‐4 bond.
Motor inactivity in hibernating frogs: Linking plasticity that stabilizes neuronal function to behavior in the natural environment
Authors: Santin Joseph M. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAll animals must generate reliable neuronal activity to produce adaptive behaviors in an ever‐changing environment. Neural systems are thought to achieve this goal, in part, through cellular and synaptic plasticity mechanisms that stabilize electrophysiological functions. Despite strong evidence for a role in regulating neuronal properties, these plasticity mechanisms have been difficult to link to natural behaviors in animals. In this review, I discuss how animals that inhabit extreme environments can address this challenge. As an example, I highlight recent work from frogs that stop breathing for several months during hibernation and, in response, use classic mechanisms of stabilizing plasticity to support respiratory motor output shortly after emergence. Furthermore, I describe problems for neuronal stability that may benefit from the study of hibernators: how circuits with variable modes of output control stabilizing mechanisms over long time scales and why some neural systems mount robust compensatory responses and others do not. By continuing to appreciate how diverse animal groups overcome challenges in the natural environment, we will broaden our view of the role that plasticity mechanisms play in stabilizing the nervous system.
Task‐switching inefficiencies in currently ill, but not remitted anorexia nervosa
Authors: Berner Laura A. , Romero Emily M. , Reilly Erin E. , Lavender Jason M. , Kaye Walter H. , Wierenga Christina E. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractObjectiveModels of anorexia nervosa (AN) posit that set‐shifting deficits may contribute to behavioral inflexibility and extreme dietary restriction. Findings from neurocognitive studies of set‐shifting in AN have been somewhat mixed, perhaps due to the use of tasks that cannot distinguish shifting from other processes (i.e., learning). To more precisely characterize cognitive flexibility and selectively assess this process independent of rule learning and feedback sensitivity, we examined task‐switching ability in AN.MethodWomen ill with AN, subthreshold AN or atypical AN (IAN; n = 40), women remitted from AN (RAN; n = 24), and age‐matched healthy control women (n = 42) completed a computerized cued color‐shape task‐switching paradigm. Groups were compared on mix costs (reflecting global cognitive control) and switch costs (reflecting transient cognitive control).ResultsAlthough mix costs were equivalent across groups, switch costs were more pronounced in the IAN group, as indicated by a group‐by‐trial type interaction for reaction times on stay and switch trials.DiscussionFindings indicate that IAN, but not RAN, have difficulty flexibly switching between cognitive task sets, and suggest that prior findings of set‐shifting deficits in AN may reflect difficulty with cognitive flexibility independent of learning deficits. As such, task‐switching may represent a promising adjunctive treatment target.
Precipitation and nitrogen addition enhance biomass allocation to aboveground in an alpine steppe
Authors: Li Changbin , Zheng Zhi , Peng Yunfeng , Nie Xiuqing , Yang Lucun , Xiao Yuanming , Zhou Guoying 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThere are two important allocation hypotheses in plant biomass allocation: allometric and isometric. We tested these two hypotheses in an alpine steppe using plant biomass allocation under nitrogen (N) addition and precipitation (Precip) changes at a community level. An in situ field manipulation experiment was conducted to examine the two hypotheses and the responses of the biomass to N addition (10 g N m−2 y−1) and altered Precip (±50% precipitation) in an alpine steppe on the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau from 2013 to 2016. We found that the plant community biomass differed in its response to N addition and reduced Precip such that N addition significantly increased aboveground biomass (AGB), while reduced Precip significantly decreased AGB from 2014 to 2016. Moreover, reduced Precip enhanced deep soil belowground biomass (BGB). In the natural alpine steppe, the allocation between AGB and BGB was consistent with the isometric hypotheses. In contrast, N addition or altered Precip enhanced biomass allocation to aboveground, thus leading to allometric growth. More importantly, reduced Precip enhanced biomass allocation into deep soil. Our study provides insight into the responses of alpine steppes to global climate change by linking AGB and BGB allocation.
Production of Trans‐free fats by chemical interesterified blends of palm stearin and sunflower oil
Authors: Farajzadeh Alan Davood , Naeli Mohammad Hossein , Naderi Mehdi , Jafari Seid Mahdi , Tavakoli Hamid Reza 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIn this study, production of trans‐free fats through chemical interesterification of binary blends of palm stearin (PS) and sunflower oil (SFO) and their physicochemical changes after the process was investigated. Analyzed responses included fatty acid and triacylglycerol composition, iodine value, free fatty acid (FFA), soap content, peroxide value (PV), plastic range, slip melting point (SMP), solid fat content (SFC), and oxidative stability along with potential applications of the interesterified fats. Transfatty acid content of PS/SFO blends was lower than 0.36%. Chemical interesterification increased the FFA and soap content and also decreased PV and oxidative stability index (at 110°C). After the process, SMP and SFC were reduced, also the plastic range transferred to the lower temperatures. All the interesterified blends melted completely at the body temperature, and their SFC was <32%. The melting characteristics of the PS/SFO‐interesterified blends were suitable for many fat‐based products.
In vitro and in vivo osteogenic potential of niobium‐doped 45S5 bioactive glass: A comparative study
Authors: Lopes João H. , Souza Lucas P. , Domingues Juliana A. , Ferreira Filipe V. , de Alencar Hausen Moema , Camilli José A. , Martin Richard A. , de Rezende Duek Eliana A. , Mazali Italo O. , Bertran Celso A. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIn vitro and in vivo experiments were undertaken to evaluate the solubility, apatite‐forming ability, cytocompatibility, osteostimulation, and osteoinduction for a series of Nb‐containing bioactive glass (BGNb) derived from composition of 45S5 Bioglass. Inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP‐OES) revealed that the rate at which Na, Ca, Si, P, and Nb species are leached from the glass decrease with the increasing concentration of the niobium oxide. The formation of apatite as a function of time in simulated body fluid was monitored by 31P Magic Angle Spinning (MAS) Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Results showed that the bioactive glasses: Bioglass 45S5 (BG45S5) and 1 mol%‐Nb‐containing‐bioactive glass (BGSN1) were able to grow apatite layer on their surfaces within 3 h, while glasses with higher concentrations of Nb2O5 (2.5 and 5 mol%) took at least 12 h. Nb‐substituted glasses were shown to be compatible with bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs). Moreover, the bioactive glass with 1 mol% Nb2O5 significantly enhanced cell proliferation after 4 days of treatment. Concentrations of 1 and 2.5 mol% Nb2O5 stimulated osteogenic differentiation of BMMSCs after 21 days of treatment. For the in vivo experiments, trial glass rods were implanted into circular defects in rat tibia in order to evaluate their osteoconductivity and osteostimulation. Two morphometric parameters were analyzed: (a) thickness of new‐formed bone layer and (b) area of new‐formed subperiostal bone. Results showed that BGNb bioactive glass is osteoconductive and osteostimulative. Therefore, these results indicate that Nb‐substituted glass is suitable for biomedical applications.