bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biomechanical characterization of TIM protein–mediated Ebola virus–host cell adhesion
Authors: Dragovich Matthew A. , Fortoul Nicole , Jagota Anand , Zhang Wei , Schutt Krista , Xu Yan , Sanabria Michelle , Moyer Dennis M. , Moller-Tank Sven , Maury Wendy , Zhang X. Frank 
Published: January 2019

AbstractSince the most recent outbreak, the Ebola virus (EBOV) epidemic remains one of the world’s public health and safety concerns. EBOV is a negative-sense RNA virus that can infect humans and non-human primates, and causes hemorrhagic fever. It has been proposed that the T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain (TIM) family proteins act as cell surface receptors for EBOV, and that the interaction between TIM and phosphatidylserine (PS) on the surface of EBOV mediates the EBOV–host cell attachment. Despite these initial findings, the biophysical properties of the TIM-EBOV interaction, such as the mechanical strength of the TIM-PS bond that allows the virus-cell interaction to resist external mechanical perturbations, have not yet been characterized. This study utilizes single-molecule force spectroscopy to quantify the specific interaction forces between TIM-1 or TIM-4 and the following binding partners: PS, EBOV virus-like particle, and EBOV glycoprotein/vesicular stomatitis virus pseudovirion. Depending on the loading rates, the unbinding forces between TIM and ligands ranged from 40 to 100 pN, suggesting that TIM-EBOV interactions are mechanically comparable to previously reported adhesion molecule–ligand interactions. The TIM-4–PS interaction is more resistant to mechanical force than the TIM-1–PS interaction. We have developed a simple model for virus–host cell interaction that is driven by its adhesion to cell surface receptors and resisted by membrane bending (or tension). Our model identifies critical dimensionless parameters representing the ratio of deformation and adhesion energies, showing how single-molecule adhesion measurements relate quantitatively to the mechanics of virus adhesion to the cell.
Multi-locus DNA metabarcoding of zooplankton communities and scat reveal trophic interactions of a generalist predator
Authors: Carroll E. L. , Gallego R. , Sewell M. A. , Zeldis J. , Ranjard L. , Ross H. A. , Tooman L. K. , O’Rorke R. , Newcomb R. D. , Constantine R. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractTo understand the ecosystem dynamics that underpin the year-round presence of a large generalist consumer, the Bryde’s whale (Balaenoptera edeni brydei), we use a DNA metabarcoding approach and systematic zooplankton surveys to investigate seasonal and regional changes in zooplankton communities and if whale diet reflects such changes. Twenty-four zooplankton community samples were collected from three regions throughout the Hauraki Gulf, New Zealand, over two temperature regimes (warm and cool seasons), as well as 20 samples of opportunistically collected Bryde’s whale scat. Multi-locus DNA barcode libraries were constructed from 18S and COI gene fragments, representing a trade-off between identification and resolution of metazoan taxa. Zooplankton community OTU occurrence and relative read abundance showed regional and seasonal differences based on permutational analyses of variance in both DNA barcodes, with significant changes in biodiversity indices linked to season in COI only. In contrast, we did not find evidence that Bryde’s whale diet shows seasonal or regional trends, but instead indicated clear prey preferences for krill-like crustaceans, copepods, salps and ray-finned fishes independent of prey availability. The year-round presence of Bryde’s whales in the Hauraki Gulf is likely associated with the patterns of distribution and abundance of these key prey items.
Dynamic changes of MMP-9 plasma levels correlate with JCV reactivation and immune activation in natalizumab-treated multiple sclerosis patients
Authors: Iannetta Marco , Zingaropoli Maria Antonella , Latronico Tiziana , Pati Ilaria , Pontecorvo Simona , Prezioso Carla , Pietropaolo Valeria , Cortese Antonio , Frontoni Marco , D’Agostino Claudia , Francia Ada , Vullo Vincenzo , Mastroianni Claudio Maria , Liuzzi Grazia Maria , Ciardi Maria Rosa 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe aim of the study was to investigate the changes of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 plasma levels during natalizumab treatment and their correlation with JC virus (JCV) reactivation and T-lymphocyte phenotypic modifications in peripheral blood samples from 34 relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) patients. MMP-9 levels were assessed by zymography in plasma samples. JCV-DNA was detected through quantitative real time PCR in plasma samples. T-lymphocyte phenotype was assessed with flow cytometry. MMP-9 plasma levels resulted increased from 12 to 24 natalizumab infusions. Stratifying plasma samples according to JCV-DNA detection, MMP-9 plasma levels were significantly increased in JCV-DNA positive than JCV-DNA negative samples. MMP-9 plasma levels resulted positively correlated with JCV viral load. CD4 immune senescence, CD8 immune activation and CD8 effector percentages were positively correlated to MMP-9 plasma levels, whereas a negative correlation between CD8 naïve percentages and MMP-9 plasma levels was found. Our data indicate an increase of MMP-9 plasma levels between 12 and 24 natalizumab infusions and a correlation with JCV-DNA detection in plasma, T-lymphocyte immune activation and senescence. These findings could contribute to understand PML pathogenesis under natalizumab treatment, suggesting a potential role of MMP-9 as a predictive marker of PML in RRMS patients.
Randomised in situ clinical trial investigating self-assembling peptide matrix P11-4 in the prevention of artificial caries lesions
Authors: Jablonski-Momeni A. , Korbmacher-Steiner H. , Heinzel-Gutenbrunner M. , Jablonski B. , Jaquet W. , Bottenberg P. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe aim was to investigate the ability of self-assembling Peptide P11-4 Matrix (SAPM) to remineralize artificial initial caries lesions compared to the use of fluoride varnish. Volunteers were recruited for this randomised, cross-over in situ trial. Bovine specimens, half including orthodontic brackets, were recessed on the buccal aspects of mandibular appliances. Specimens included internal sound enamel control, a demineralised control and a part exposed during the in situ phase. Each phase lasted four weeks, followed by a one-week washout. Treatment groups were: A: negative control, no treatment,B: positive control, 22,600 ppm fluoride varnish,C: test group, 1,000 ppm SAPM. Laser fluorescence values (LF) were measured before/after demineralisation, and after the in situ period. Micro-CT analysis was used to assess mineral changes within the specimens after the in situ phase. In specimens without brackets, ΔLF values after in situ phase were: A: +5.28, B: +0.85, C: −2.89. Corresponding ΔLF for specimens with brackets were: A: +5.77, B: +1.30, C: −3.15. LF-values between groups significantly differed from each other (p < 0.0001) after the in situ phase. Micro-CT analysis yielded no significant difference among groups for specimens without brackets. For specimens with brackets, the test group showed significantly more remineralisation than the negative (p = 0.01) and positive control (p = 0.003). Within the limitations of the study, SAPM showed prevention of caries and remineralisation of enamel around orthodontic brackets.
Oral crocetin administration suppressed refractive shift and axial elongation in a murine model of lens-induced myopia
Authors: Mori Kiwako , Kurihara Toshihide , Miyauchi Maki , Ishida Ayako , Jiang Xiaoyan , Ikeda Shin-ichi , Torii Hidemasa , Tsubota Kazuo 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIncreased global incidence of myopia necessitates establishment of therapeutic approaches against its progression. To explore agents which may control myopia, we screened 207 types of natural compounds and chemical reagents based on an activity of a myopia suppressive factor, early growth response protein 1 (Egr-1)in vitro. Among the candidates, crocetin showed the highest and dose-dependent activation of Egr-1. Forin vivoanalysis, experimental myopia was induced in 3-week-old C57BL/6 J mice with −30 diopter (D) lenses for 3 weeks. Animals were fed with normal or mixed chow containing 0.003% (n = 19) and 0.03% (n = 7) of crocetin during myopia induction. Refraction and axial length were measured at 3-week-old and the 6-week-old with an infrared photorefractor and a SD-OCT system. Compared to controls (n = 14), crocetin administration showed a significant smaller change of refractive errors (−13.62 ± 8.14 vs +0.82 ± 5.81 D for 0.003%, p < 0.01, −2.00 ± 4.52 D for 0.03%, p < 0.01) and axial elongation (0.27 ± 0.03 vs 0.22 ± 0.04 mm for 0.003%, p < 0.01, 0.23 ± 0.05 mm for 0.03%, p < 0.05). These results suggest that a dietary factor crocetin may have a preventive effect against myopia progression.
Quantitative design rules for protein-resistant surface coatings using machine learning
Authors: Le Tu C. , Penna Matthew , Winkler David A. , Yarovsky Irene 
Published: January 2019

AbstractPreventing biological contamination (biofouling) is key to successful development of novel surface and nanoparticle-based technologies in the manufacturing industry and biomedicine. Protein adsorption is a crucial mediator of the interactions at the bio – nano -materials interface but is not well understood. Although general, empirical rules have been developed to guide the design of protein-resistant surface coatings, they are still largely qualitative. Herein we demonstrate that this knowledge gap can be addressed by using machine learning approaches to extract quantitative relationships between the material surface chemistry and the protein adsorption characteristics. We illustrate how robust linear and non-linear models can be constructed to accurately predict the percentage of protein adsorbed onto these surfaces using lysozyme or fibrinogen as prototype common contaminants. Our computational models could recapitulate the adsorption of proteins on functionalised surfaces in a test set with an r2 of 0.82 and standard error of prediction of 13%. Using the same data set that enabled the development of the Whitesides rules, we discovered an extension to the original rules. We describe a workflow that can be applied to large, consistently obtained data sets covering a broad range of surface functional groups and protein types.
Caloric restriction prevents the development of airway hyperresponsiveness in mice on a high fat diet
Authors: Younas Haris , Vieira Marcela , Gu Chenjuan , Lee Rachel , Shin Mi-kyung , Berger Slava , Loube Jeff , Nelson Andrew , Bevans-Fonti Shannon , Zhong Qiong , D’Alessio Franco R. , McCormack Meredith C. , Hansel Nadia N , Mitzner Wayne , Polotsky Vsevolod Y 
Published: January 2019

AbstractWe have previously shown that high fat diet (HFD) for 2 weeks increases airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) to methacholine challenge in C57BL/6J mice in association with an increase in IL-1β levels in lung tissue. We hypothesize that obesity increases AHR via the IL-1β mechanism, which can be prevented by caloric restriction and IL-1β blockade. In this study, we fed C57BL/6J mice for 8 weeks with several hypercaloric diets, including HFD, HFD supplemented with fructose, high trans-fat diet (HTFD) supplemented with fructose, either ad libitum or restricting their food intake to match body weight to the mice on a chow diet (CD). We also assessed the effect of the IL-1β receptor blocker anakinra. All mice showed the same total respiratory resistance at baseline. All obese mice showed higher AHR at 30 mg/ml of methacholine compared to CD and food restricted groups, regardless of the diet. Obese mice showed significant increases in lung IL-1 β mRNA expression, but not the protein, compared to CD and food restricted mice. Anakinra abolished an increase in AHR. We conclude that obesity leads to the airway hyperresponsiveness preventable by caloric restriction and IL-1β blockade.
Impact of tensile strain on low Sn content GeSn lasing
Authors: Rainko Denis , Ikonic Zoran , Elbaz Anas , von den Driesch Nils , Stange Daniela , Herth Etienne , Boucaud Philippe , El Kurdi Moustafa , Grützmacher Detlev , Buca Dan 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIn recent years much effort has been made to increase the Sn content in GeSn alloys in order to increase direct bandgap charge carrier recombination and, therefore, to reach room temperature lasing. While being successful for the former, the increase of Sn content is detrimental, leading to increased defect concentrations and a lower thermal budget regarding processing. In this work we demonstrate strong photoluminescence enhancement in low Sn content Ge0.94Sn0.06 layers by implementing tensile strain. Fitting of the calculated photoluminescence spectra to reproduce our experimental results indicates a strain of ~1.45%, induced via an SiNx stressor layer, which is strong enough to transform the investigated layer into a direct bandgap semiconductor. Moreover, theoretical calculations, using the 8-band k·p model, show the advantages of using low Sn content tensile strained GeSn layers in respect to gain and lasing temperature. We show that low Sn content GeSn alloys have a strong potential to enable efficient room temperature lasers on electronic-photonic integrated circuits.
Plant-microbe interactions before drought influence plant physiological responses to subsequent severe drought
Authors: Ulrich Danielle E. M. , Sevanto Sanna , Ryan Max , Albright Michaeline B. N. , Johansen Renee B. , Dunbar John M. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractWe examined the effect of soil microbial communities on plant physiological responses to drought. Bouteloua gracilis seeds were planted in sterilized sand with (inoculated) and without (controls) soil microbial communities. After substantial growth, drought was imposed by completely withholding water. Before soil moisture declined to zero, inoculated plants germinated faster, were significantly taller, and maintained greater soil moisture than controls. The greater soil moisture of the inoculated plants allowed greater photosynthesis but also induced lower tissue drought tolerance (as indicated by turgor loss point) compared to controls. The inoculated plants were more susceptible to severe drought compared to control plants as indicated by significantly lower mean stomatal conductance, as well as marginally significantly greater mean wilting score, for the entire severe drought period after soil moisture declined to zero. Inoculated plants exhibited enhanced growth and photosynthesis and dampened drought stress over short timescales, but also increased susceptibility to drought over long timescales. This work demonstrates (1) an unexpected insight that microbes can have positive initial effects on plant performance, but negative impacts on plant performance during severe drought, and (2) that microbially altered effects on plant function during well-watered and moderate drought conditions can influence plant function under subsequent severe drought.
Phosphoglycolate has profound metabolic effects but most likely no role in a metabolic DNA response in cancer cell lines
Authors: Gerin Isabelle , Bury Marina , Baldin Francesca , Graff Julie , Van Schaftingen Emile , Bommer Guido T. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Repair of a certain type of oxidative DNA damage leads to the release of phosphoglycolate, which is an inhibitor of triose phosphate isomerase and is predicted to indirectly inhibit phosphoglycerate mutase activity. Thus, we hypothesized that phosphoglycolate might play a role in a metabolic DNA damage response. Here, we determined how phosphoglycolate is formed in cells, elucidated its effects on cellular metabolism and tested whether DNA damage repair might release sufficient phosphoglycolate to provoke metabolic effects. Phosphoglycolate concentrations were below 5 µM in wild-type U2OS and HCT116 cells and remained unchanged when we inactivated phosphoglycolate phosphatase (PGP), the enzyme that is believed to dephosphorylate phosphoglycolate. Treatment of PGP knockout cell lines with glycolate caused an up to 500-fold increase in phosphoglycolate concentrations, which resulted largely from a side activity of pyruvate kinase. This increase was much higher than in glycolate-treated wild-type cells and was accompanied by metabolite changes consistent with an inhibition of phosphoglycerate mutase, most likely due to the removal of the priming phosphorylation of this enzyme. Surprisingly, we found that phosphoglycolate also inhibits succinate dehydrogenase with a Ki value of &lt;10 µM. Thus, phosphoglycolate can lead to profound metabolic disturbances. In contrast, phosphoglycolate concentrations were not significantly changed when we treated PGP knockout cells with Bleomycin or ionizing radiation, which are known to lead to the release of phosphoglycolate by causing DNA damage. Thus, phosphoglycolate concentrations due to DNA damage are too low to cause major metabolic changes in HCT116 and U2OS cells.
Micro‐printing of patterned diamond‐like carbon coatings on glass by anodic bonding
Authors: Ji Yu , Shang Jintang , Zhang Jin 
Published: January 2019

A novel micro‐printing process, using anodic bonding to deposit patterned diamond‐like carbon (DLC) coatings on glass, is investigated. Various patterns such as squares, triangles and letters are successfully fabricated. The coatings are characterised by Raman spectroscopy, atomic force microscope (AFM) and ultraviolet spectrophotometer. A G‐band shift of approximately 1614 cm−1 indicates that the DLC coatings have a relatively high content of sp3 bonds (>20%). The result of the AFM topography shows that the surface roughness of DLC coatings is 1.21 nm. The transmittance of DLC‐coated glass wafer is above 85% ranging from 760 to 1100 nm, indicating that the patterned DLC coatings have high optical transparency in the infrared radiation spectral range.
Numerical calculation of the lightning transient voltage distribution on converter transformer winding based a dual winding model
Authors: Jia Hongrui , Liu Xuezhong , Tian Shijin , Wang Lin , Gao Fei 
Published: January 2019

The insulation co‐ordination of converter transformer winding has a great influence on power system security. An equivalent circuit of a 500 kV converter transformer winding structure, including a LC equivalent network circuit and an ideal transformer in parallel, was firstly established. A combined 12‐pulse rectifier equivalent circuit model, mainly consisting of six single‐phase converter transformer and 12 converter valves, was built in Power Systems Computer Aided Design (PSCAD) software. In certain operating states of the converter value, the transient voltage distribution was analysed when lightning strokes the DC bus of a typical converter station. The results show that the dual winding model can present the transient voltage characteristics of the converter transformer. The maximum lightning transient voltage is located at the end of the star‐connected winding near the neutral point and reaches 1270 kV, and also the maximum gradient voltage occurs at the winding near the terminal point. In different operating states for the converter valve, the transient voltages of a three‐phase winding behave as per the similar distributing rules. For the star‐connected phase winding, the lightning transient voltage of the winding disc reaches the maximum magnitude when lightning strike occurs at the peak of the phase voltage on the valve side.
Hyparktikón et substantivum : entre verbe et nom dans la grammaire grecque et latine
Authors: Callipo Manuela 
Published: January 2019

Apollonius Dyscole range parmi les hyparktikà rhḗmata les verbes aussi bien copulatifs que d’appellation : son usage reste un unicum dans l’ensemble du corpus grammatical grec tel qu’il nous a été transmis. Le système apollonien peut être expliqué – nous semble-t-il – par sa conception du nom, censé signifier à la fois la substance et la qualité du référent et donc lié à la signification de l’hyparxis / ousía : le fait de nommer un référent en implique l’existence du moins au niveau linguistique. Priscien de son côté, influencé par son arrière-plan platonicien, limite le verbum substantivum (calque de hyparktikòn rhḗma) au seul verbe sum, mais pour la première fois dans l’histoire de la linguistique ancienne transpose l’adjectif substantivum de la classe verbale à la classe nominale : il récupère ainsi d’une certaine manière l’héritage d’Apollonius et en même temps resserre à l’extrême les liens entre le nom et la substance.
Topological classification of Liouville foliations for the Kovalevskaya integrable case on the Lie algebra so(4)
Authors: Kibkalo V. A. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
This paper is concerned with the topology of the Liouville foliation in the analogue of the Kovalevskaya integrable case on the Lie algebra

. The Fomenko-Zieschang invariants (that is, marked molecules) for this foliation are calculated on each nonsingular iso-energy surface. A detailed description of the resulting stratification of the three- dimensional space of parameters of the iso-energy surfaces is given.
Bibliography: 23 titles.
Accelerating changes in ice mass within Greenland, and the ice sheet’s sensitivity to atmospheric forcing
Authors: Bevis Michael , Harig Christopher , Khan Shfaqat A. , Brown Abel , Simons Frederik J. , Willis Michael , Fettweis Xavier , van den Broeke Michiel R. , Madsen Finn Bo , Kendrick Eric , Caccamise Dana J. , van Dam Tonie , Knudsen Per , Nylen Thomas 
Published: January 2019

Significance
The recent deglaciation of Greenland is a response to both oceanic and atmospheric forcings. From 2000 to 2010, ice loss was concentrated in the southeast and northwest margins of the ice sheet, in large part due to the increasing discharge of marine-terminating outlet glaciers, emphasizing the importance of oceanic forcing. However, the largest sustained (∼10 years) acceleration detected by Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) occurred in southwest Greenland, an area largely devoid of such glaciers. The sustained acceleration and the subsequent, abrupt, and even stronger deceleration were mostly driven by changes in air temperature and solar radiation. Continued atmospheric warming will lead to southwest Greenland becoming a major contributor to sea level rise.
A ligand motif enables differential vascular targeting of endothelial junctions between brain and retina
Authors: Tang Fenny H. F. , Staquicini Fernanda I. , Teixeira André A. R. , Michaloski Jussara S. , Namiyama Gislene M. , Taniwaki Noemi N. , Setubal João C. , da Silva Aline M. , Sidman Richard L. , Pasqualini Renata , Arap Wadih , Giordano Ricardo J. 
Published: January 2019

Significance
Endothelial barriers are essential components of blood vessels and particularly important in brain and retina, which are protected by barriers so efficient that almost all metabolites have to be actively transported across them. We provide evidence that short peptides containing a motif rich in amino acids with aromatic and positively charged side chains target specifically blood vessels of the brain but not of other tissues. Using electron microscopy, phage could be visualized bound to the endothelial junction of these vessels, demonstrating how these two techniques can be combined to identify a supramolecular phage target in vivo. Surprisingly, this peptide motif does not bind to vessels in the retina, implying a previously unknown molecular difference between these endothelial junctions.