bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lymph node regression and survival following neoadjuvant chemotherapy in oesophageal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Davies A R , Myoteri D , Zylstra J , Baker C R , Wulaningsih W , Van Hemelrijck M , Maisey N , Allum W H , Smyth E , Gossage J A , Lagergren J , Cunningham D , Green M , Kelly M , Ngan S , Qureshi A , Gaya A , Griffin N , Jacques A , Goh V , Deere H , Chang F , Mahadeva U , Gill-Barman B , George S , Dunn J , Zeki S , Meenan J , Hynes O , Tham G , Iezzi C , Dellaportas D , Cowie A , Knight W , Valeri N 
Published: July 2018

Abstract

Background
The aim was to define the pathological response in lymph nodes following neoadjuvant chemotherapy for oesophageal adenocarcinoma and to quantify any associated survival benefit.

Methods
Lymph nodes retrieved at oesophagectomy were examined retrospectively by two pathologists for evidence of a response to chemotherapy. Patients were classified as lymph node-negative (either negative nodes with no evidence of previous tumour involvement or negative with evidence of complete regression) or positive (allocated a lymph node regression score based on the proportion of fibrosis to residual tumour). Lymph node responders (score 1, complete response; 2, less than 10 per cent remaining tumour; 3, 10–50 per cent remaining tumour) and non-responders (score 4, more than 50 per cent viable tumour; 5, no response) were compared in survival analyses using Kaplan–Meier and Cox regression analysis.

Results
Among 377 patients, 256 had neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Overall, 68 of 256 patients (26·6 per cent) had a lymph node response and 115 (44·9 per cent) did not. The remaining 73 patients (28·5 per cent) had negative lymph nodes with no evidence of regression. Some patients had a lymph node response in the absence of a response in the primary tumour (27 of 99, 27 per cent). Lymph node responders had a significant survival benefit (P &lt; 0·001), even when stratified by patients with or without a response in the primary tumour. On multivariable analysis, lymph node responders had decreased overall (hazard ratio 0·53, 95 per cent c.i. 0·36 to 0·78) and disease-specific (HR 0·42, 0·27 to 0·66) mortality, and experienced reduced local and systemic recurrence.

Conclusion
Lymph node regression is a strong prognostic factor and may be more important than response in the primary tumour.
Novel determination of sofosbuvir and velpatasvir in human plasma by UPLC–MS/MS method: Application to a bioequivalence study
Authors: Rezk Mamdouh R. , Basalious Emad B. , Badr Kamal A. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractA novel and sensitive LC–MS/MS method was developed, optimized and validated for quantification of sofosbuvir (SOF) and velpatasvir (VEL) in human plasma using ledipasvir as an internal standard (IS). Sample preparation was done using acetonitrile for precipitation of plasma proteins. Chromatographic analysis was done on an Acquity UPLC BEH C18 column using 0.1% formic acid and acetonitrile as a mobile phase. The Xevo TQD LC–MS/MS system was run with electrospray ionization mode. The developed method was optimized and then validated according to the US Food and Drug Administration guidelines. Linearity was found to be in the range of 0.25–3500 ng/mL for SOF and 1–1000 ng/mL for VEL. A short run time of 1.5 min allows swift analysis of many plasma samples per day. The developed method was successfully utilized for estimating both SOF and VEL in the plasma of healthy human volunteers participated in a bioequivalence study.
Similar changes in neuropsychological functioning in english and spanish speaking HIV patients
Authors: Akpa Onoja , Miyahara Sachiko , Taiwo Babafemi , Evans Scott , Berzins Baiba , Robertson Kevin 
Published: July 2018

AbstractObjectivePrimary language has been reported to influence the results of neuropsychological (NP) testing. We sought to determine whether being a primary Spanish versus English speaker affects changes in neuropsychological evaluations in persons living with HIV.MethodData from 209 (188 English speakers and 21 Spanish speakers) ART‐naïve HIV‐infected adults were extracted from ACTG A5303, a 48‐week randomized clinical trial of two HIV treatment regimens. Participants’ mean (standard deviation) age and years of education were 35.1 (10.7) and 14.3 (2.7) years respectively. Changes from baseline to week 48 of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in individual, total, and domain z‐scores for NP tests and Global Deficit Scores (GDS) were compared between the primary languages using linear regression models, adjusted for baseline scores and years of education.ResultsBaseline demographic characteristics were comparable except Spanish speakers had less years of education than the English speakers (p < 0.001). Although differences in some NP measures and domains were detected at baseline, the adjusted changes in individual, total and domain NPz‐scores from baseline to 48 weeks of ART were not significantly different between the two primary language groups. The 48‐week changes in GDS were also similar.ConclusionChanges in NP during ART were similar between English and Spanish speaking HIV‐infected individuals for all NP measures. This suggests that studies of longitudinal changes in NP can pool participants across these languages.
Bridging the gap between corporate social responsibility and new green product success: The role of green organizational identity
Authors: Song Wenhao , Ren Shengce , Yu Jun 
Published: July 2018

AbstractIn this study we explore the relationship between corporate social responsibility and new green product success based on organizational identity theory. The hypotheses are tested on a sample of 150 companies in China. The results indicate that corporate social responsibility positively affects both green organizational identity and green adaptive ability. We also find that green organizational identity and green adaptive ability are positively influences on new green product success. In addition, we find that green organizational identity partially mediates the relationship between corporate social responsibility and green adaptive ability. Moreover, green organizational identity fully mediates the link between corporate social responsibility and new green product success. This means that corporate social responsibility indirectly and positively affects new green product success through green organizational identity. These results suggest that managers should seek to enhance their organizational sense of green identity and improve their organizational green adaptive ability, which will facilitate their firm's sustainable development. The theoretical and practical implications of these findings for environmental policy are also discussed.
Decomposition analysis of corporate carbon dioxide and greenhouse gas emissions in Japan: Integrating corporate environmental and financial performances
Authors: Yagi Michiyuki , Managi Shunsuke 
Published: July 2018

AbstractRecent empirical studies often support the positive relationship between corporate environmental performance (CEP) in terms of carbon dioxide (CO2) and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and corporate financial performance (CFP). However, this depends on the measurements of CEP (the absolute and relative CEP) and CFP (accounting‐based and market‐based CFP). To understand the relationship structurally, based on the literature, this study proposes identity models that integrate CO2 and GHG emissions and financial factors. The models decompose CO2 (GHG) emissions into carbon intensity (GHG intensity), energy intensity, the cost‐to‐sales ratio, the total‐assets‐turnover ratio (TATR), leverage, and equity. The model of supply‐chain GHG emissions additionally adopts supply‐chain GHG intensity. As a decomposition method, this study uses the log‐mean Divisia index. As an application example of the CO2 model, this study targets Japanese manufacturing firms in 16 sectors from fiscal years (FY) 2011 to 2015. Results show that the change in CO2 emissions as of 2015 (−802.1 kilotonnes [kt]) is decomposed into 2922.5 kt for carbon intensity, −26036.3 kt for energy intensity, −6350.5 kt for the cost‐to‐sales ratio, −8495.6 kt for the TATR, −7912.3 kt for leverage, and 45070.1 kt for equity. Average values of relative contribution ratios are 20.6% for carbon intensity, 19.1% for energy intensity, and the remaining approximately 60% for financial factors. Among the 16 sectors, as of 2015, the change in total CO2 emission is statistically significantly positive for equity and significantly negative for the TATR and leverage.
Improving final grade prediction accuracy in blended learning environment using voting ensembles
Authors: Predić Bratislav , Dimić Gabrijela , Rančić Dejan , Štrbac Perica , Maček Nemanja , Spalević Petar 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThis paper deals with the comparative analysis of prediction classifiers in the blended learning environment. The model proposed in this paper predicts students’ final grades based on activities within different educational environments. A comparative study of classifier performance has been performed in order to determine the classifier most suitable for multiclass feature dataset. Important results for different classes have been obtained using different classifiers, and the majority vote scheme is subsequentially used to form an ensemble based on Naïve Bayes, Hidden Naïve Bayes, J48 decision tree and Random Forest. According to experimental evaluation, there is a significant improvement of proposed model's precision and accuracy regarding the students’ grades prediction in blended learning environment scenario. The major contribution of the research presented in this paper is an efficient multi‐class prediction model applicable to aforementioned environment.
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and prognosis in Taiwan
Authors: Cheng Ya‐Fu , Chen Hui‐Shan , Wu Shiao‐Chi , Chen Heng‐Chung , Hung Wei‐Heng , Lin Ching‐Hsiung , Wang Bing‐Yen 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe prognosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma is poor. In order to find out appropriate treatment for each group of patients, we aim to examine the prognostic factors influencing survival for esophageal cancer patients in Taiwan. Data were obtained from the Taiwan Society of Cancer Registry. There were 14,394 esophageal cancer patients analyzed between 2008 and 2014 in this retrospective review. The impact of the clinicopathologic factors on overall survival was assessed. The following clinic‐pathologic factors were included to analyses: age, sex, tumor location, tumor length, histologic grade, clinical T, clinical N, clinical M, clinical stage, and all therapeutic methods within 3 months after diagnosis. The 5‐year survival rate was 16.8%, with a median survival of 343 days. The distribution of patients by their clinical stage is as follows: stage 0 (n = 162; 1.1%); stage I (n = 964; 6.7%); stage II (n = 2392; 16.6%); stage III (n = 6636; 46.1%); and stage IV (n = 3661; 25.4%). In the multivariate analysis, age, sex, tumor location, tumor length, clinical T, clinical N, clinical M, and treatment remained independent prognostic factors. Our data indicated that age, sex, tumor location, tumor length, clinical T, clinical N, clinical M, and treatment remained independent prognostic factors. Patients who could receive surgery had significantly better outcomes.
Biological implant‐associated granulomatous inflammation resulting in secondary hypercalcemia and azotemia in a dog
Authors: Linde Ken J. , Kelleher Taylor R. , Perry James A. 
Published: July 2018

Key Clinical MessageImplant associated granulomatous inflammation causing hypercalcemia can occur following use of commercial xenogeneic pericardial tissue patches in dogs. Removal of the implant can result in resolution of the hypercalcemia, suggesting a causal relationship between the tissue reaction to a xenogeneic implant and development of hypercalcemia.
Coordination of Asymmetric Diborenes towards Cationic Coinage Metals (Au, Ag, Cu)
Authors: Lu Wei , Kinjo Rei 
Published: July 2018

AbstractSynthesis of a series of cationic coinage metal (Au: 2–4, Ag: 5, and Cu: 6) complexes of asymmetric diborenes (1 a, 1 b) is reported. X‐ray diffraction analysis reveals that the metal center interacts unsymmetrically with the B2 moiety and the terminal boron atom exhibits pronounced pyramidal geometry. A computational study shows that in complexes 2–6, the bonding between the B2 units and the metal center is dominated by electrostatic interactions concomitant with non‐negligible covalent contributions.
Testing Field for PEM, Alkaline and Solid Oxide Electrolysis Technology
Authors: Stypka Sebastian , Oberschachtsiek Bernd , Radev Ivan , Heinzel Angelika 
Published: July 2018

AbstractTo test commercially available water electrolysis systems under dynamic (close‐to‐real) operation a test area with three different electrolyzers is build up, covering the significant technologies alkaline water electrolysis, proton exchange membrane water electrolysis, and high temperature steam electrolysis using solid oxide electrolysis cells. The hydrogen outputs of the systems are in the range between 5 to 10 Nm3 h−1 hydrogen at delivery pressures between 10 and 35 bar. Additional balance of plant is installed to demonstrate and evaluate the utilization of hydrogen for different applications.
Numerical accuracy comparison of two boundary conditions commonly used to approximate shear stress distributions in tissue engineering scaffolds cultured under flow perfusion
Authors: Kadri Olufemi E. , Williams Cortes , Sikavitsas Vassilios , Voronov Roman S. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractIntroductionFlow‐induced shear stresses have been found to be a stimulatory factor in pre‐osteoblastic cells seeded in 3D porous scaffolds and cultured under continuous flow perfusion. However, due to the complex internal structure of the scaffolds, whole scaffold calculations of the local shear forces are computationally intensive. Instead, representative volume elements (RVEs), which are obtained by extracting smaller portions of the scaffold, are commonly used in literature without a numerical accuracy standard.ObjectiveHence, the goal of this study is to examine how closely the whole scaffold simulations are approximated by the two types of boundary conditions used to enable the RVEs: “wall boundary condition” (WBC) and “periodic boundary condition” (PBC).MethodTo that end, lattice Boltzmann method fluid dynamics simulations were used to model the surface shear stresses in 3D scaffold reconstructions, obtained from high‐resolution microcomputed tomography images.ResultsIt was found that despite the RVEs being sufficiently larger than 6 times the scaffold pore size (which is the only accuracy guideline found in literature), the stresses were still significantly under‐predicted by both types of boundary conditions: between 20% and 80% average error, depending on the scaffold's porosity. Moreover, it was found that the error grew with higher porosity. This is likely due to the small pores dominating the flow field, and thereby negating the effects of the unrealistic boundary conditions, when the scaffold porosity is small. Finally, it was found that the PBC was always more accurate and computationally efficient than the WBC. Therefore, it is the recommended type of RVE.
Aerobic Oxidation and Oxidative Esterification of 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural by Gold Nanoparticles Supported on Nanoporous Polymer Host Matrix
Authors: Buonerba Antonio , Impemba Salvatore , Litta Antonella Dentoni , Capacchione Carmine , Milione Stefano , Grassi Alfonso 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe aerobic oxidation and oxidative esterification of 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) catalyzed by gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) supported on a semicrystalline nanoporous multiblock copolymer matrix consisting of syndiotactic poly(styrene)‐cis‐1,4‐poly(butadiene) (sPSB) have been investigated. Depending on the reaction parameters (support nanoporosity, presence of water, solvent, temperature, cocatalyst, oxygen pressure), the conversion of HMF can be finely addressed to the formation of the desired oxidation product, such as 2,5‐diformylfuran (DFF), 5‐formylfuran‐2‐carboxylic acid (FFCA), methyl 5‐(hydroxymethyl)furan‐2‐carboxylate (MHMFC), dimethyl furan‐2,5‐dicarboxylate (DMFC), and furan‐2,5‐dicarboxylic acid (FDCA), under optimized reaction conditions. The AuNP–sPSB catalyst is highly effective and selective because the polymer support acts as a conveyor and concentrator of the reactants toward the catalytic sites.
Across the Board: Ping Chen
Authors: Chen Ping 
Published: July 2018

AbstractIn this series the board members of ChemSusChem discuss recent research articles that they consider exceptional quality and importance for sustainability. This entry features Prof. Ping Chen, who discusses recent works in nitrogen chemistry, highlighting a path toward minimizing the use of fossil fuels by developing more efficient heterogeneous, homogeneous, photo‐ and electrocatalytic processes, or by adapting the enzymatic processes underlying the natural nitrogen cycle. She focuses in particular on NH3, which possesses great potential as a carbon‐neutral source of energy, provided fundamental breakthroughs in catalysis, materials science, and physics are achieved.
Overlooked coral predators suppress foundation species as reefs degrade
Authors: Clements Cody S. , Hay Mark E. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractLoss of larger consumers from stressed ecosystems can lead to trophic release of mid‐level consumers that then impact foundation species, suppressing ecosystem function and resilience. For example, in coral reef ecosystems, outbreaks of coral predators like crown‐of‐thorns sea stars have been associated with fishing pressure and can dramatically impact the composition and persistence of corals. However, the ecological impacts, and consequences for management, of smaller, less obvious corallivores remain inadequately understood. We investigated whether reef state (coral vs. seaweed domination) influenced densities and size frequencies of the corallivorous gastropod Coralliophila violacea on its common host, the coral Porites cylindrica, within three pairs of small Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) and adjacent fished areas in Fiji. C. violacea densities were 5–35 times greater, and their size frequencies more broadly distributed, within seaweed‐dominated fished areas than in adjacent MPAs dominated by corals. Tethering snails (4–9 mm in shell height) in place on their coral hosts indicated that suppression of snails in MPAs was due to predation, apparently by fishes. When tethered on the benthos (where they rarely occur), rather than on their host, mortality of larger snails (15.0–25.0 mm in shell height) was high in all areas, primarily due to hermit crabs killing them and occupying their shells. Because C. violacea is a sessile gastropod that feeds affixed to the base of corals and produces minimal visible damage, it has been considered a “prudent feeder” that minimally impacts its host coral. We assessed this over a 24‐d feeding period in the field. Feeding by individual C. violacea reduced P. cylindrica growth by ~18–43% depending on snail size. Our findings highlight the considerable, but underappreciated, negative impacts of this common corallivore on degraded reefs. As reefs degrade and corals are lost, remaining corals (often species of Porites) may gain the full attention of elevated densities of coral consumers. This will further damage the remaining foundation species, suppressing the resilience of corals and enhancing the resilience of degraded, seaweed‐dominated reefs.
Individual behavioral variation reflects personality divergence in the upcoming model organism Nothobranchius furzeri
Authors: Thoré Eli S. J. , Steenaerts Laure , Philippe Charlotte , Grégoir Arnout , Brendonck Luc , Pinceel Tom 
Published: July 2018

AbstractIn the animal kingdom, behavioral variation among individuals has often been reported. However, stable among‐individual differences along a behavioral continuum—reflective of personality variation—have only recently become a key target of research. While a vast body of descriptive literature exists on animal personality, hypothesis‐driven quantitative studies are largely deficient. One of the main constraints to advance the field is the lack of suitable model organisms. Here, we explore whether N. furzeri could be a valuable model to bridge descriptive and hypothesis‐driven research to further unravel the causes, function and evolution of animal personality. As a first step toward this end, we perform a common garden laboratory experiment to examine if behavioral variation in the turquoise killifish Nothobranchius furzeri reflects personality divergence. Furthermore, we explore if multiple behavioral traits are correlated. We deliver “proof of principle” of personality variation among N. furzeri individuals in multiple behavioral traits. Because of the vast body of available genomic and physiological information, the well‐characterized ecological background and an exceptionally short life cycle, N. furzeri is an excellent model organism to further elucidate the causes and implications of behavioral variation in an eco‐evolutionary context.
Evaluating electrical resistivity tomography and crown surface area to estimate leaf area of sugar maple and yellow birch
Authors: Moreau Edouard , Bédard Steve , Baral Sharad Kumar , Pothier David 
Published: July 2018

AbstractSapwood area is an important parameter for estimating transpiration at whole‐tree and watershed scales, given that it is used for scaling up point sap flow measurements. However, its determination may be difficult, particularly for large‐diameter trees of diffuse‐porous, broad‐leaved species. By delineating only the highly conductive sapwood, electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) may be more appropriate than sapwood dyeing for estimating tree sapwood area. We compared sapwood area measurements made with ERT with those that were obtained from wood dyeing, assuming that the more adequate measure was that which was best correlated with tree leaf area. To achieve this objective, we sampled 31 sugar maple (Acer saccharumMarsh.) and 20 yellow birch (Betula alleghaniensisBritt.) trees covering a large range of tree diameters and leaf areas from one site located in eastern Canada. Also, 79 sugar maple trees were sampled in two other sites to document the estimation of tree leaf area over a large territory. The sapwood area that was determined from ERT appeared to be the best method for scaling up point sap flow measurements to whole‐tree transpiration. The predictive ability of ERT was particularly greater than that of wood dyeing when they were both measured at 1 m. If the objective is to estimate tree leaf area rather than sapwood area, the crown surface area would provide a useful substitute for the ERT method because it is rapid and easy to measure while serving a robust predictor applicable over a large territory.