bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Telangiectasia macularis eruptiva perstans
Authors: Cohn Monique S. , Mahon Michael J. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Telangiectasia macularis eruptiva perstans (TMEP) is a rare form of mastocytosis. It appears most frequently in adults and only occasionally will affect young children or infants. In this disease, multiple brownish-red confluent macules and telangiectasias develop, primarily on the trunk. Pruritus frequently occurs, and may be mild to severe. Most patients have only skin involvement; however, involvement may be systemic as well. Clinical signs and symptoms of systemic mastocytosis are varied and depend on which internal organs are affected. Classic symptoms-such as episodic flushing, gastrointestinal complaints, heart palpitations, and syncope-may be confused with those of other diseases, most notably the carcinoid syndrome. A simple workup can help to differentiate between these two conditions. The authors describe a 48-year old woman who was seen with cutaneous features of TMEP and with multiple symptoms suggesting systemic mastocytosis. They discuss the clinical features, diagnostic workup, and therapeutic options in the management of this relatively rare condition.
The chronically disturbed adolescent and the surrogate family model: Observations on two patient populations
Authors: Honig Albert M. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Two preliminary evaluations were conducted by surveying the charts of 15 chronically disturbed adolescents and young adult patients (ages 15 to 30 years) and 23 chronically disturbed adolescents (ages 12 to 18 years) treated in a tertiary surrogate family model hospital. Drug and alcohol use of patients and their parents was assessed in the first patient population. Results indicate that 40% of the patients had at least one parent who formerly used or is still addicted to drugs or alcohol (or both). The second survey examined the Global Assessment Functioning (GAF) scale administered to 23 adolescents on admission and at discharge from the hospital. Scores on the GAF had improved at discharge in 19 of21 patients whose length of stay ranged from 2 to 12 months. The information gathered from the retrospective surveys of the medical charts of these two patient populations helps to better understand multigenerational influence as a probable factor in the development of the chronically disturbed adolescent. Also, it shows how small psychiatric hospitals may conduct ongoing outcome studies that could be useful to improve staff morale and produce evidence to case managers and third-party payers that their treatment programs provide both positive patient care and positive results.
High‐Entropy Strategy Flattening Lithium Ion Migration Energy Landscape to Enhance the Conductivity of Garnet‐Type Solid‐State Electrolytes
Authors: Wang Shuhan , Wen Xiaojuan , Huang Zhenweican , Xu Haoyang , Fan Fengxia , Wang Xinxiang , Tian Guilei , Liu Sheng , Liu Pengfei , Wang Chuan , Zeng Chenrui , Shu Chaozhu , Liang Zhenxing 
Published: November 2024

AbstractGarnet‐type solid‐state electrolytes with exceptional stability are believed to promote the commercialization of all solid‐state lithium metal batteries. However, the extensive application of garnet‐type solid‐state electrolytes is greatly impeded on account of their low ionic conductivity. Herein, a high‐entropy fast lithium‐ion conductor Li7(La,Nd,Sr)3(Zr,Ta)2O12 (LLNSZTO) with high lattice distortion is designed. It is found that the enhanced ionic conductivity of the high entropy garnet‐type solid‐state electrolyte LLNSZTO is achieved by introducing disorder in the lattice, which creates fast ion penetration paths with flattened energy landscapes within the pristine ordered lattice. Thus, the prepared high‐entropy garnet‐type solid electrolyte LLNSZTO exhibits low activation energy for Li+ migration (0.34 eV) and elevated ionic conductivity (6.26 × 10−4 S cm−1). Full cells assembled with LLNSZTO electrolyte, lithium metal anode, and LiFePO4 (LFP) cathode exhibit excellent capacity retention of 86.81% after 200 cycles at room temperature. Moreover, the superior ionic conductivity of LLNSZTO enables all solid‐state battery with high‐loading LFP cathode (>12 mg cm−2), achieving stable cycling exceeding 120 cycles. The large area pouch cell (5.5 cm × 8 cm) exhibits stable long‐term cycling performance, showing a capacity retention of 96.50% after 50 cycles.
Tumoroid‐On‐a‐Plate (ToP): Physiologically Relevant Cancer Model Generation and Therapeutic Screening
Authors: Seyfoori Amir , Liu Kaiwen , Caruncho Hector J. , Walter Patrick B. , Akbari Mohsen 
Published: November 2024

AbstractEmploying three‐dimensional (3D) in vitro models, including tumor organoids and spheroids, stands pivotal in enhancing cancer therapy. These models bridge the gap between two‐dimensional (2D) cell cultures and complex in vivo environments and offer versatile tools for comprehensive studies into cancer progression, drug responses, and tailored therapies. This study introduces the Tumoroid‐on‐a‐Plate (ToP) device, an innovative ope‐surface microfluidic platform designed to create predictive 3D models of solid tumors. The ToP device combines tumor mass, stromal cells, and extracellular matrix (ECM) components, to closely replicate the microenvironment of glioblastoma (GBM) and pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Using the advanced ToP model and testing various GBM ECM compositions such as collagen and Rreelin within the model, we can assess how specific elements affect GBM invasiveness. The ToP in vitro model also enables screening chemotherapeutics such as temozolomide and iron‐chelators in a single and binary treatment setting on the complex ECM‐embedded tumoroids to evaluate their toxicity on GBM and PDAC models viability and apoptosis. Furthermore, co‐culturing PDAC tumoroids with human‐derived fibroblasts reveals the pro‐invasive influence of stromal elements on tumor growth and drug response. This research underscores the value of advanced 3D models like ToP in advancing the understanding of cancer complexity and therapy responses.
Giant Piezoelectric Coefficient of Polyvinylidene Fluoride with Rationally Engineered Ultrafine Domains Achieved by Rapid Freezing Processing
Authors: Huang Yun‐Zhi , Liu Zhaoqi , Li Lan‐Wei , He He‐Zhi , Wang Zhong Lin , Qu Jin‐Ping , Chen Xiangyu , Huang Zhao‐Xia 
Published: November 2024

AbstractDomains play an essential role in determining the piezoelectric properties of polymers. The conventional method for achieving ultrafine piezoelectric domain structures for polymers is multiphase polymerization, which is not the primary choice for industrial‐scale applications because of its complex synthesis and weak mechanical properties. In this study, it is demonstrated for the first time that a nanoscale domain design can be achieved in a commercially available polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) homopolymer through a simple fabrication method involving cyclic compression and rapid freezing. The domain‐engineered PVDF exhibits largely enhanced piezoelectric output with a record‐breaking piezoelectric coefficient (d33) of 191.4 picocoulombs per Newton (8.9 times higher than that of PVDF without engineered domain structure) and electromechanical coupling factor (k33) of 77.1%. Moreover, nanoscale domain‐induced ferroelectric and dielectric evolutions are revealed. A smaller domain is found to be beneficial for domain switching. An in‐depth understanding of the interplay between the domain structure and piezoelectric properties reveals a simple, low‐cost method for fabricating high‐performance polymeric piezoelectric.
Programmable Shape‐Morphing Enables Ceramic Meta‐Aerogel Highly Stretchable for Thermal Protection
Authors: Zhang Xuan , Yu Jianyong , Si Yang 
Published: November 2024

AbstractCeramic aerogels hold significant potential for thermal insulation, yet their mechanical stretchability and thermal stability fall short in extreme environments. Here, the study presents a programmable shape‐morphing strategy aimed at engineering a binary network topology structure within ceramic aerogels to effectively dissipate stress and block heat transfer. The special topology design, which includes kirigami lamellated aerogels for bearing loading stress and randomly assembled aerogels for mechanical energy pre‐storage to transfer tensile stress, effectively achieves unexpected mechanical tensile properties and thermal stability. The resulting robust meta‐aerogels demonstrate remarkable structural stability with topology‐derived mechanical tensile of up to 85% strain, excellent resilience to 500 cycles of 50% tensile strain, 1000 cycles of 60% buckling strain, and 500 cycles of 50% compressive strain, temperature‐invariant tensile recovery capability; simultaneously, low thermal conductivity of 33.01 mW m−1 K−1 and tensile‐invariant thermal insulation makes the ceramic meta‐aerogels an ideal substitute material for various applications.
Influence of Outcoupling Layers on Top‐Emitting Perovskite Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Loy James C. , Qiu Weiming , Yang Diane , Scherlag Jack , Scott Jonathan , Rand Barry P. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe effects of different dielectric outcoupling layers on top‐emitting perovskite light‐emitting diodes (LEDs) are studied. The ability to manipulate light output via index of refraction and thickness variation of the outcoupling layer is demonstrated, leading to 27.7% improvement in external quantum efficiency (EQE) compared to devices without added outcoupling dielectric layers. Optimal dielectric thicknesses are able to be resolved for EQE enhancement across three outcoupling materials with different refractive indices. Optical simulations are shown to agree well with experimental results and allow for future optimization for various perovskite compositions with different emission spectra.
Spatial and Single‐Cell Transcriptomics Unraveled Spatial Evolution of Papillary Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Zheng Guangzhe , Chen Shaobo , Ma Wanqi , Wang Quanshu , Sun Li , Zhang Changwen , Chen Ge , Zhang Shuping , Chen Shuguang 
Published: November 2024

AbstractRecurrence and metastasis are the major issues for papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). Current morphological and molecular classification systems are not satisfied for PTC diagnosis due to lacking variant‐specific morphological criteria and high signal‐to‐noise in mutation‐based diagnosis, respectively. Importantly, intratumor heterogeneity is largely lost in current molecular classification system, which can be resolved by single cell RNA sequencing (scRNA‐seq). However, scRNA‐seq loses spatial information and morphological features. Herein, scRNA‐seq is integrated and spatially‐resolved transcriptomics (SRT) to elaborate the mechanisms underlying the spatial heterogeneity, malignancy and metastasis of PTCs by associating transcriptome and local morphology. This results demonstrated that PTC cells evolved with multiple routes, driven by the enhanced aerobic metabolism and the suppressed mRNA translation and protein synthesis and the involvement of cell–cell interaction. Two curated malignant and metastatic footprints can discriminate PTC cells from normal thyrocytes. Ferroptosis resistance contributed to PTC evolution. This results will advance the knowledge of intratumor spatial heterogeneity and evolution of PTCs at spatial and single‐cell levels, and propose better diagnostic strategy.
Harnessing Tumor Cell‐Derived Exosomes for Immune Rejection Management in Corneal Transplantation
Authors: Yang Jieru , Kang Huanmin , Liu Yingyi , Lu Shan , Wu Huihui , Zhang Bikui , He Yan , Zhou Wenhu 
Published: November 2024

AbstractTransplantation remains the definitive treatment for end‐stage organ failures, but its efficacy is frequently compromised by immune rejection. This study introduces a novel strategy by utilizing tumor‐derived exosomes from B16‐F10 melanoma cells (B16‐Exo), diverging from the conventional use of immune cell‐derived exosomes, to alleviate post‐transplantation immune rejection. Utilizing murine corneal transplantation as a model, it is demonstrated that B16‐Exo significantly reduces immune rejection, evidenced by decreased corneal opacity, neovascularization, and immune dysregulation, while enhancing postoperative survival. Proteomic analyses reveal differential expression of pivotal proteins in B16‐Exo, notably the JAK2 protein within the JAK‐STAT signaling pathway, which has been mechanistically demonstrated to amplify the activity of myeloid‐derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and inhibit T cell proliferation. These findings demonstrate the significant immunomodulatory effect of B16‐Exo in transplant immunology, supporting the continued exploration of tumor‐derived exosomes as a platform to uncover novel immunosuppressive mechanisms in transplantation.
Efficient and Stable Organic Solar Cells Achieved by Synergistic Optimization of Extended End‐Capped Groups and Fluorinated Quinoxaline Central Cores in Nonfullerene Acceptors
Authors: Zhang Chi , Shi Yanan , Tao Jing , Zhang Jianqi , Zhang Hao , Qiu Dingding , Wang Caixuan , Tian Chenyang , Wei Zhixiang , Lu Kun 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMolecular stacking behavior exerts a significant influence on the blend film morphology of organic solar cells (OSCs), further affecting device performance and stability. Modulation of the molecular structure, such as central unit and end‐group, can profoundly impact this process. Herein, four quinoxaline (Qx)‐fused‐core‐based non‐fullerene acceptors (NFAs), Qx‐N4F and Qx‐o/m/p‐N4F are synthesized combining π‐extended end‐groups and optimized central units. The isomeric fluorinated central units lead to changes in the local dipole moments and electrostatic potential distribution, which influences the molecular stacking pattern and photoelectronic properties of NFAs. Consequently, binary and ternary devices based on PM6:Qx‐p‐N4F achieve superior power conversion efficiencies (PCE) of up to 18.75% and 19.48%, respectively. Grazing‐incidence wide‐angle X‐ray scattering (GIWAXS) characterization reveals Qx‐p‐N4F's stronger crystallinity, aggregation, and donor–acceptor interactions, which can separately enhance short‐circuit current density (JSC) and fill factor (FF) through higher phase purity and tighter molecular stacking based on maintaining more donor–acceptor interfaces. Furthermore, PM6:Qx‐p‐N4F‐based devices demonstrate exceptional thermal stability, retaining 93.2% of the initial PCE value after 3000 h of heating due to the best morphological stability with the most stable stacking structure. These results underscore the significance of synergistic optimization of NFAs through conjugation expansion and halogenation substitution for obtaining efficient and stable OSCs.
Surface Potential Homogenization Improves Perovskite Solar Cell Performance
Authors: Xu Yao , Yu Jiangkai , Liu Songtao , Tang Fei , Ma Nanxi , Zhang Kai , Huang Fei 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe synthesis of multicomponent metal halide perovskites (MHPs) by cationic and/or halide alloying allows band gap tuning, optimizing performance and improving stability. However, these multicomponent materials often suffer from compositional, structural, and property inhomogeneities, leading to uneven carrier transport and significant non‐radiative recombination losses in lead halide perovskites. While many researchers have focused on the aggregation of perovskite halide ions, the impact of the surface potential has received relatively less attention. In this study, the multifunctional ionic liquid 1‐allyl‐3‐methylimidazole dicyanamide (AMI) is introduced into the perovskite precursor to effectively regulate the surface potential of the perovskite layer. This approach inhibits non‐radiative recombination, enhances carrier injection, and improves device performance. Surface potential homogenization within the perovskite layer leads to simultaneous improvements in both the efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells. For wide‐bandgap perovskites (1.81 eV), the optimal power conversion efficiency (PCE) reaches 20.44%, with an open‐circuit voltage (Voc) of 1.339 V, a short‐circuit current density (Jsc) of 17.92 mA cm−2, and a high fill factor (FF) of 85%. This strategy also proved effective for conventional bandgap perovskite solar cells (PSCs) (1.53 eV), leading to a significant increase in performance, with the PCE increasing from 23.22% to 25.41%.
Modulating the Band Structure of Two‐Dimensional Black Phosphorus via Electronic Effects of Organic Functional Groups for Enhanced Hydrogen Production Activity
Authors: Leng Xuefeng , Yang Kaicheng , Sun Liping , Weng Jian , Xu Jun 
Published: November 2024

AbstractElectronic effects of organic functional groups play a fundamental role in determining the rate and/or direction of organic chemical reactions. The implementation of this concept in selective organic catalysis is achieved by tuning the electronic effects of organic functional groups to alter the corresponding reactivity. However, this approach has hardly been applied to modulate the band structure of inorganic materials. Here, we show that modulating the electronic band structure of two‐dimensional black phosphorus (BP) is possible via the electronic effects of organic functional groups covalently modified on its surface. Organic functional group can either donate or withdraw charge density from BP surface, which will alter the bonding/anti‐binding orbitals occupancy and thus shift the band‐edge positions of functionalized BP downward/upward. Therefore, the valence‐band maxima and the conduction‐band minima of functionalized BP can be continuously tuned by changing the binding group with different Hammett parameters. Finally, unexpectedly high hydrogen evolution reaction rates under visible light are achieved using functionalized BP heterojunctions as photocatalysts. This work underscores the significant role of electronic effects in chemically controlling BP's band structure, offering greater flexibility and affordability beyond physical method limits.
Amino Acid‐Assisted Synthesis of Zeolites with Improved Catalytic Properties
Authors: Li Hao , Du Hongbin 
Published: November 2024

AbstractConventional zeolites are limited in their ability to catalyze macromolecular reactions due to micropore constraints, resulting in sluggish reactant and product diffusion and subsequently pore clogging and catalyst deactivation. Consequently, the pore and textural refinement of zeolites to meet industrial demands has become a research hotspot. Herein, we review the amino acid‐assisted methods in zeolite synthesis and scrutinize the principle and influential factors governing amino acid involvement in zeolite synthesis. Additionally, we analyze the advantages and challenges associated with the amino acid‐assisted method. Certain amino acids can interact with zeolite precursors or crystal surface, thus altering the crystal growth rate and enabling precise control over the crystal size and shape. On the other hand, amino acids can serve as structure‐directing agents to orchestrate the generation of mesoporous pores. These capabilities enable the production of zeolites with well‐defined pores, particle sizes and/or crystal shapes that satisfy catalytic requirements. Moreover, the unique properties of amino acids allow their complete elimination from the solid product through a simple aqueous washing process, facilitating their recovery for subsequent usage. As result, the amino acid‐assisted synthesis methods offer a convenient, green route to zeolites with modulated textual properties for high‐performance catalysis.
Adaptive neural hierarchical sliding mode control for uncertain switched underactuated nonlinear systems against unmodeled dynamics and input delay
Authors: Liu Shanlin , Zhao Ning , Zhang Liang , Xu Ning 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn this article, the issue of adaptive control for switched underactuated systems subject to input delay and unmodeled dynamics is investigated. Unlike traditional backstepping methods, this paper introduces a hierarchical sliding mode control (HSMC) approach that can improve the response rate and robustness of the controlled plant. Under the framework of this control method, a top hierarchical sliding mode surface (HSMS) containing all the information of state variables and an effective controller consisting of switching control laws and equivalent control laws are constructed. In the control design process, an auxiliary system and a hyperbolic tangent function are introduced to compensate for the impact of input delay while avoiding singularity problems. In addition, a dynamic signal is designed to compensate the effect of the unmodeled dynamics. The designed controller can ensure that all signals of the closed‐loop system, including states of the auxiliary system, are bounded. Finally, the benefits of the proposed HSMC approach are confirmed by two simulation examples.
Approximate controllability of fractional differential systems with nonlocal conditions of order q∈(1,2)$$ q\in \left(1,2\right) $$ in Banach spaces
Authors: Ech‐chaffani Zoubida , Aberqi Ahmed , Karite Touria 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn this work, we are concerned with the approximate controllability of fractional nonlinear differential equations with nonlocal conditions of order
in Banach spaces. As far as we know, few articles are investigating this issue. The idea is to see under which sufficient conditions the proposed control problem is approximately controllable. The discussion is based on the theory of resolvent operator, fractional calculus techniques, and Krasnoselskii's fixed point theorem under the assumption that the associated linear system is approximately controllable. The obtained results improve some existing analogous ones on this topic to some extent. Finally, an example is provided to illustrate the applications of the obtained results.
Inverse‐Weighted Quantile Regression With Partially Interval‐Censored Data
Authors: Kim Yeji , Choi Taehwa , Park Seohyeon , Choi Sangbum , Bandyopadhyay Dipankar 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThis paper introduces a novel approach to estimating censored quantile regression using inverse probability of censoring weighted (IPCW) methodology, specifically tailored for data sets featuring partially interval‐censored data. Such data sets, often encountered in HIV/AIDS and cancer biomedical research, may include doubly censored (DC) and partly interval‐censored (PIC) endpoints. DC responses involve either left‐censoring or right‐censoring alongside some exact failure time observations, while PIC responses are subject to interval‐censoring. Despite the existence of complex estimating techniques for interval‐censored quantile regression, we propose a simple and intuitive IPCW‐based method, easily implementable by assigning suitable inverse‐probability weights to subjects with exact failure time observations. The resulting estimator exhibits asymptotic properties, such as uniform consistency and weak convergence, and we explore an augmented‐IPCW (AIPCW) approach to enhance efficiency. In addition, our method can be adapted for multivariate partially interval‐censored data. Simulation studies demonstrate the new procedure's strong finite‐sample performance. We illustrate the practical application of our approach through an analysis of progression‐free survival endpoints in a phase III clinical trial focusing on metastatic colorectal cancer.