bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of sevoflurane on systemic and cerebral circulation, cerebral autoregulation and CO2 reactivity
Authors: Juhász Marianna , Molnár Levente , Fülesdi Béla , Végh Tamás , Páll Dénes , Molnár Csilla 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Background: Sevoflurane is one of the most frequently used inhaled anesthetics for general anesthesia. Previously it has been reported that at clinically used doses of sevoflurane, cerebral vasoreactivity is maintained. However, there are no data how sevoflurane influences systemic and cerebral circulation in parallel. The aim of our study was to assess systemic and cerebral hemodynamic changes as well as cerebral CO2-reactivity during sevoflurane anesthesia. Methods: 29 patients undergoing general anesthesia were enrolled. Anesthesia was maintained with 1 MAC sevoflurane in 40% oxygen. Ventilatory settings (respiratory rate and tidal volume) were adjusted to reach and maintain 40, 35 and 30 mmHg EtCO2 for 5 minutes respectively. At the end of each period, transcranial Doppler and hemodynamic parameters using applanation tonometry were recorded. Results: Systemic mean arterial pressure significantly decreased during anesthetic induction and remained unchanged during the entire study period. Central aortic and peripherial pulse pressure and augmentation index as markers of arterial stiffness significantly increased during the anesthetic induction and remained stable at the time points when target CO2 levels were reached. Both cerebral autoregulation and cerebral CO2-reactivity was maintained at 1 MAC sevoflurane. Discussion: Cerebral autoregulation and CO2-reactivity is preserved at 1 MAC sevoflurane. Cerebrovascular effects of anesthetic compounds have to be assessed together with systemic circulatory effects. Doppler Trial Registration: The study was registered at http://www.clinicaltrials.gov, identifier: NCT02054143, retrospectively registered. Date of registration: February 4, 2014.
Burden, Clinical Outcomes and Predictors of Stroke in Hospital Mortality among Adult Patients Admitted to Stroke Unit of Jimma University Medical Center: Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Fekadu Ginenus , Chelkeba Legese , Kebede Ayantu 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Background: Global burden of stroke epidemiology is changing rapidly. Over the 1990–2013 period, there was a significant increase in the absolute number of deaths and incident events of stroke. The burden of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke varies between regions and over time in Ethiopia. The paucity of data has limited research output and consequently the response to this burden in our country.
Methods: Prospective cohort study was carried at stroke unit of Jimma University Medical Center (JUMC) from March 10- July 10, 2017. The outcome of interest was mortality and time to death. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 20. Multivariable Cox regression was used to identify the predictors of in hospital mortality and time to death from hospital arrival. Predictor variables with P< 0.05 were considered statistically significant.
Results: A total of 116 eligible stroke patients were followed with the mean age of 55.1+14.0 years and males comprised of 73 (62.9%) with male: female ratio of 1.70:1. Stroke accounted for 16.5 % of total medical admissions and 23.6 % of the total cases of in hospital mortality. A total of 91 (78.4%) of patients were discharged being alive making in hospital mortality of rate of 25 (21.6%). The median time of in hospital mortality after admission and length of hospital stay of the patients was 4.38 days and 9.21 days, respectively. The prominent suspected immediate cause for in hospital mortality was increased intracranial pressure 17 (68.0%) followed by respiratory failure secondary to aspiration pneumonia 11 (44.0%). Brain edema (AHR: 6.27, 95% CI: 2.50-15.76), urine incontinence (AHR: 3.48, 95% CI: 1.48-8.17), National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) >13 during hospital arrival (AHR: 22.58, 95% CI: 2.95-172.56) and diagnosis of stroke clinically alone (AHR: 4.96, 95% CI: 1.96-12.54) were the independent predictors of in hospital mortality.
Conclusions: The mortality of stroke in this set up was similar to other low- and middle-resource countries. There should be burning need to establish and strengthen the available stroke units which are well-equipped and staffed with intensive health care teams in different hospitals across the country.
Simulation and visualization of material flows in sanitation systems for streamlined sustainability assessment
Authors: Schütze M. , Wriege-Bechtold A. , Zinati T. , Söbke H. , Wißmann I. , Schulz M. , Veser S. , Londong J. , Barjenbruch M. , Alex J. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
New and alternative sanitation systems are increasingly discussed and find their way into implementation. However, discussions on sanitation concepts often are held in a rather emotional way. Furthermore, not all the available sanitation concepts might be known to the decision maker. The work presented here attempts to contribute to a good discussion and decision making process by compiling available technologies, by defining easy-to-implement criteria for a sustainability assessment method and by integrating these results into a simulation tool which allows to visualize the related resource fluxes (e.g. those on nutrients, such as N, P and K) and to analyse different sanitation options with regard to their capital and operational costs and with regard to environmental impact criteria such as greenhouse gas emissions. Whilst the calculations are to be considered as being approximate in their nature (due to uncertainties or lack of suitable input data), this tool allows the planners, with sometimes little modelling experience, to consider the characteristics of sanitation systems. Whilst starting from earlier work, such as Eawag's Sanitation Compendium and work on material flow analysis, work described in this contribution merges resource flux modelling, easy-to-use simulation and visualization and methods of life cycle assessment and life cycle costing. The simulation tool is freely available on https://www.ifak.eu/en/products/sampsons.
Gender-specific, Lifestyle-related Factors and 10-year Cardiovascular Disease Risk; the ATTICA and GREECS Cohort Studies
Authors: Kouvari Matina , Panagiotakos Demosthenes B. , Chrysohoou Christina , Georgousopoulou Ekavi , Notara Venetia , Tousoulis Dimitrios , Pitsavos Christos , ATTICA & GREECS Studies Investigators  
Published: June 2019

Background:
Lifestyle remains a huge driving force of Cardiovascular Diseases (CVD) onset/
progression. Lifestyle-patterns are highly dependent on gender-related attitudes.

Objective:
To evaluate the gender-specific association of lifestyle-related factors (adherence to Mediterranean
diet (MedDiet), Physical Activity (PA), smoking) with 10-year first and recurrent CVD events.

Methods:
Two prospective studies, the ATTICA (2002-2012, n=3,042 subjects free-of-CVD) and
GREECS (2004-2014, n=2,172 subjects with Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS)) were undertaken.
Baseline adherence to MedDiet (MedDietScore <27/≥27, range 0-55), PA (sedentary/physically active)
and smoking (current/never) was tested against 10-year first (ATTICA) and recurrent (GREECS) CVD
events, in men and women.

Results:
The “superiority” of men over women regarding overall CVD events was revealed in both first
(ATTICA, 19.7% men vs. 11.7% women, p<0.001) and recurrent CVD events, but less significantly
(GREECS, 38.8% men vs. 32.9% women, p=0.016). Gender-stratified analysis revealed that: lower
adherence to MedDiet in women (Odds Ratio (OR)=1.22, 95% Confidence Interval (95%CI) 1.03, 1.51)
and PA (OR=1.35, 95%CI 1.01, 1.85) and smoking (OR=1.28, 95%CI 1.04, 1.82) in men, were independent
predictors of 10-year first CVD event; whereas, adherence to MedDiet (OR=1.28, 95%CI 1.01,
1.59), PA (OR=1.25, 95%CI 1.01, 2.50) and smoking (OR=1.15, 95%CI 1.01, 1.30) in women, yet only
adherence to MedDiet (OR=1.27, 95%CI 1.01, 1.35) and PA (OR=1.27, 95%CI 1.02, 1.59) in men,
were independent predictors of 10-year CVD recurrent events.

Conclusion:
Differences between men and women, in the effect-size measures of lifestyle-related factors,
underline different paths for men and women, probably contributing to better designing strategies
for primary and secondary CVD prevention.
Phage Display as A Bio-Technique for Cancer Immunotherapy
Authors: Mahmoodi Shirin , Nezafat Navid , Ghasemi Younes 
Published: June 2019

Background:
Phage display is a biotechnological technique that presents peptides with
coated proteins on the surface of phage. In the last two decades, growing applications of phage display
in various fields of biotechnology have been investigated. Phage display libraries allow to present
billions of peptides on phage surface for selection of a specific peptide with the desired affinity.

Objective:
In this regard, high-affinity phage antibodies against tumor antigens are produced and
applied for diagnosis and treatment of cancer.

Method:
Moreover, phage display libraries are employed to select the high affinity T Cell Receptors
(TCRs) for the peptide-MHC complex which is an attractive approach in cancer immunotherapy. Due to
immunogenic properties of phage particles, phage-based vaccines do not require adjuvant, in addition the
phage particles can effectively take up by Antigen Presenting Cells (APCs).

Results:
Taken together, phage-based cancer vaccines are ideal candidates that provide a key for
eradication of tumor cells.

Conclusion:
In this review, we focus on various applications of a phage display platform in different
types of cancer immunotherapy approaches.
Tyrosinase Inhibitory Activity of S-Naproxen Derivatives
Authors: Mohiuddin Ghulam , Khan Khalid Mohammed , Salar Uzma , Kanwal  , Lodhi Muhammad Arif , Begum Farida , Perveen Shahnaz 
Published: June 2019

Background:
Tyrosinase enzyme is one of the important targets to reduce melanoma and
other skin disorders. Standard inhibitors of tyrosinase enzyme including arbutin and kojic acid are
less effective. Some NSAIDs such as acetylsalicylic acid, mefanamic acid, and diclofenac are known
to possess inhibitory potential against melanogenesis. The current study deals with the screening of
tyrosinase inhibitory potential of S-naproxen derivatives.

Methods:
Synthetic S-naproxen derivatives 1-33 were evaluated for tyrosinase inhibitory activity in
vitro.

Results:
Six compounds 2, 8, 9, 20, 21, and 29 showed good to moderate activity in the range of
(IC50 = 21.05 ± 0.9-53.22 ± 0.7 µM) as compared to the standard kojic acid (IC50 = 16.9 ± 1.3 µM).
Compound 9 (IC50 = 21.05 ± 0.9 µM) was found to be significantly active and showed activity close
to the standard. Compounds 2 (IC50 = 33.23 ± 1.1 µM), 8 (IC50 = 42.10 ± 1.0 µM), 20 (IC50 = 35.40
± 0.4 µM), 21 (IC50 = 41.01 ± 0.6 ±M), and 29 (IC50 = 53.22 ± 0.7 µM) were found to be moderately
active. Structure-activity relationship (SAR) was rationalized on the basis of different substituents
and functionalities present on the main scaffold.

Conclusion:
This study has identified a number of compounds derived from S-naproxen with
comparable tyrosinase inhibitory activity.
Perceção de Competência e Desempenho na Matemática em Alunos do 1.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico
Authors: Santos Natalie Nóbrega , Mata Lourdes , Monteiro Vera , Sanches Cristina , Gomes Marta 
Published: June 2019

A perceção de competência (PC) tem-se mostrado como uma variável importante na compreensão do desempenho dos alunos na matemática. Desenvolvemos dois estudos (E1, E2) cujos objetivos foram: 1) analisar as caraterísticas psicométricas da Escala de PC na Matemática (EPCM) para o 1.º ciclo do Ensino Básico (E1); e 2) analisar um modelo explicativo da relação entre PC e desempenho e comparar médias segundo o género (E2). No E1 participaram 361 alunos do 3.º e 4.º ano (52.4% rapazes). Recorreu-se à análise fatorial confirmatória para examinar a estrutura da EPCM e a invariância de género. No E2 participaram 79 alunos do 3.º ano (55.7% rapazes). O desempenho foi calculado recorrendo à avaliação dos professores e classificações de um teste. Para testar a relação entre a PC e o desempenho recorreu-se à análise de equações estruturais. Os resultados indicaram que a EPCM apresenta boas caraterísticas psicométricas e invariância de género. Constatou-se ainda a existência de uma relação significativa entre a PC e o desempenho na matemática. Diferenças na PC foram observadas em ambos os estudos, com as raparigas evidenciando menor PC, apesar de o seu desempenho ser semelhante. Os resultados indicaram que as diferenças de género, identificadas em estudos prévios com adolescentes, surgem precocemente na escolaridade.
Palavras-chave: Perceção de competência; Desempenho académico; Matemática; Ensino básico; Género
A inclusão de estudantes surdos no ensino superior brasileiro: O caso de um curso de Pedagogia
Authors: Sanches Isabel Rodrigues , Da Silva Polliana Barboza 
Published: June 2019

O objetivo desta pesquisa é compreender o processo de inclusão dos estudantes surdos no curso de graduação em Pedagogia, no ensino superior brasileiro. Para atingir este objetivo, foi utilizada a entrevista semidiretiva a três estudantes surdos e a observação das aulas de três professores destes alunos. É uma investigação qualitativa, de natureza descritiva/interpretativa, que analisa os sujeitos no seu contexto e valoriza a interação que se estabelece entre eles. Verificou-se, através das percepções destes estudantes, que compreendem o paradigma da inclusão, conhecem os documentos orientadores, entendem e concordam com os princípios e as práticas que são propostas, mas levantam algumas questões e afirmam preferir as salas especiais para a aprendizagem. Observou-se que os estudantes surdos participam das aulas, dos trabalhos de grupo, procuram estar junto ao intérprete, para melhor compreenderem, procuram a interação com professores e colegas ouvintes; porém, o desconhecimento da língua de sinais (LIBRAS), por parte dos ouvintes, é uma das maiores barreiras para a inclusão. Estes estudantes gostam da perspetiva da inclusão, no que diz respeito a socializar com os ouvintes, e procuram contribuir para que essa socialização e a aprendizagem aconteçam, utilizando alternativas à LIBRAS para a comunicação.Constatam, porém, que é preciso um esforço coletivo, de surdos e ouvintes, para que o respeito pela diferença e pela identidade e cultura surda tenham maior expressão no contexto escolar.
Palavras-chave: Ensino superior; Estudante surdo; Inclusão; Brasil
The Importance of Teacher Agency and Expertise in Education Reform and Policymaking
Authors: Zeichner Ken 
Published: June 2019

O artigo sustenta que a agência e o conhecimento profissional dos professores são frequentemente negligenciados nos sistemas educativos internacionais e que, instigando a sua maior capacidade de ação e melhor aproveitando e usando o seu conhecimento coletivo, os sistemas educativos podem tornar-se mais bem-sucedidos e mais igualitários. Sumariam-se vários argumentos para que as entidades responsáveis pela educação nos seus países apoiem o incremento de uma genuína capacidade de ação dos professores, no que respeita às suas experiências de ensino e de desenvolvimento profissional, bem como lhes confiram uma voz mais ativa, coletivamente, na conceptualização e implementação de políticas educativas. O objetivo do artigo é apoiar esta capacidade de ação dos professores e demonstrar os benefícios de usufruir do seu saber e experiência, em articulação com os objetivos do sistema de proporcionar a todas as crianças um ensino por professores bem preparados e uma educação de elevada qualidade e enriquecedora, que lide com os aspetos académicos, socioemocionais e cívicos da aprendizagem e que reflita as realidades multiculturais e globais que afetam todas as nações.
Palavras-chave:Agência profissional dos professores; Política docente; Conhecimento profissional docente
Eastern Time
Authors: Kay D. William , O'Brien Chad , Day Russell 
Published: June 2019

This short paper outlines the design and development of a multi-phase, cross-institution Instructional Skills Workshop (ISW) program that was conceived by educational developers from five higher educational institutions in Halifax, Nova Scotia. The initiative is grounded in the belief that implementing the ISW program in the Halifax Regional Municipal (HRM) area will foster a local community of practice and further cross-institutional initiatives focused on enhancing teaching and learning approaches. This paper offers a brief historical background and rationale of the ISW program, and details of implementation. In addition, the lead coordinators share their reflections on the challenges and implications resulting from the process of adapting this established program to fit an innovative and mutually supportive cross-institutional design within the HRM.

Ce court article présente la conception et l’élaboration d’Instructional Skills Workshop (ISW), un programme interétablissement en plusieurs phases qui a été conçu par des concepteurs pédagogiques provenant de cinq établissements d’enseignement supérieur d’Halifax, en Nouvelle-Écosse. L’initiative repose sur l’idée que la mise en œuvre d’ISW dans la municipalité régionale d’Halifax encouragera le développement d’une communauté de pratique et de projets interétablissements visant à améliorer les approches d’enseignement et d’apprentissage. Nous présentons brièvement l’histoire et les raisons au fondement de l’ISW ainsi que les détails de sa mise en œuvre. De plus, les coordonnateurs en chef réfléchissent aux difficultés et aux conséquences du processus d’adaptation de ce programme bien établi au concept interétablissement novateur et solidaire au sein de la municipalité régionale d’Halifax.
A Pedagogic Strategy for Instructors of Post-secondary Sector Students Returning to Learn from Concussion
Authors: Frost Gail , Connolly Maureen 
Published: June 2019

Concussion is a functional brain injury that can produce physical, cognitive, emotional and sleep-related symptoms. Return to learn protocols designed to help students recovering from concussion recommend a gradual, symptom-governed, increase in cognitive activity before a return to full-time school attendance and participation. Return to learn in a post-secondary setting often means that instructors are tasked with accommodating for these students, some of whom are back in the classroom even though they are still experiencing symptoms. This paper presents a progressive, ramping approach to increasing cognitive load by using literal, interpretive and applied adaptations to already existing course requirements, with the goal of minimizing the risk of provoking or worsening post-concussion symptoms.

Les commotions cérébrales sont des lésions fonctionnelles au cerveau qui peuvent provoquer des symptômes physiques, cognitifs et émotionnels ainsi que des troubles du sommeil. Selon le protocole de reprise des études conçu pour aider les étudiants qui se remettent d’une commotion, on recommande une augmentation graduelle de l’activité cognitive, en fonction des symptômes, avant d’effectuer un retour aux études à temps plein. Dans les établissements postsecondaires, on demande souvent aux instructeurs de mettre en place des mesures d’adaptation pour ces étudiants qui, dans certains cas, éprouvent encore des symptômes lorsqu’ils retournent en classe. Cet article présente une approche progressive visant à augmenter petit à petit la charge cognitive au moyen d’aménagements – d’ordre littéral, interprétatif et appliqué – apportés aux exigences de cours existantes, de manière à minimiser le risque de déclencher ou d’aggraver le syndrome post-commotion cérébrale.
TINGKAT PROKRASTINASI AKADEMIK DALAM MENYELESAIKAN SKRIPSI PADA MAHASISWA AKTIVIS
Authors: Mawardi Kholid 
Published: June 2019

Abstract: This thesis is a required scientific work as part of academic requirements at the University. All students must take thesis courses because the thesis is used as one of the prerequisites for students to obtain a bachelor's degree. Generally, students are given time to complete a thesis within one semester or approximately six months. In fact, many students need more than six months to work on their thesis. The research subjects were students who were members or activists of UKM. The cause of student procrastination is the lack of enthusiasm for working on the thesis, difficulty in getting the main book and supporting books, the fear of meeting the lecturers when they want to consult, being embarrassed to ask questions, and lazy to do it. Even among UKM activist students at IAIN Purwokerto (which is now called IAIN Purwokerto) prioritize activities in UKM rather than completing thesis. The results showed that UKM activist students in all majors had moderate procrastination rates based on the following academic procrastination categories: 13% were at very high levels, 20% were at high levels, 57% were at moderate levels, 10% were at low levels, and only 0% of student UKM activists in all majors have low procrastination rates. From these results it can be seen that on average students do procrastination.
Keywords: Procrastination, Students, Thesis, Ukm Activists
Violáceo, vermelho-sangue: corpo e combate n’O martelo, de Adelaide Ivánova
Authors: Ribeiro Gustavo Silveira 
Published: June 2019

Este ensaio procura observar como o estupro, a misoginia e a indiferença social são representados nos poemas de O martelo, da poeta brasileira Adelaide Ivánova. A ironia da linguagem (que acolhe e ressignifica as muitas formas do preconceito) e a exposição performática do corpo e do desejo são as estratégias formais privilegiadas pela autora para transformar a violência de gênero em matéria de poesia.---DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.25094/rtp.2019n27a565
Equilíbrio cego na lata do soneto
Authors: Freitas Marcus Vinícius 
Published: June 2019

O presente artigo visa a uma análise da presença e da função da forma soneto na canção A Força Que Nunca Seca, de Vanessa da Mata e Chico César. A partir de uma leitura cerrada da estrutura sonora, métrica e rítmica da letra/poema, a análise busca dar relevo à convergência entre a forma poética e o conteúdo de crítica social da canção, para demonstrar como conteúdo e forma são indissociáveis na fatura da obra. ---DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.25094/rtp.2019n27a573
O poema como artefato n’O livro das semelhanças, de Ana Martins Marques
Authors: De Moraes Paulo Eduardo Benites 
Published: June 2019

Ana Martins Marques tem três títulos publicados até agora, a saber: A Vida Submarina (2009); Da Arte das Armadilhas (2011); O Livro das Semelhanças (2015); além de duas obras em conjunto, uma com Marcos Siscar, Duas Janelas (2016), e outra com Eduardo Jorge, Como se Fosse a Casa (uma correspondência) (2017). Neste artigo, nos propomos a pensar, a partir de poemas de O Livro das Semelhanças, como se constroem as metáforas da escrita e do pensamento a partir do discurso metapoético. ---DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.25094/rtp.2019n27a585