bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MiR-219 deficiency in Alzheimer’s disease contributes to neurodegeneration and memory dysfunction through post-transcriptional regulation of tau-kinase network
Authors: Arnes Mercedes , Kim Yoon A. , Lannes Jerome , Alaniz Maria E. , Cho Joshua D. , McCabe Brian D. , Santa-Maria Ismael 
Published: April 2019

AbstractIntracellular accumulation of hyperphosphorylated misfolded tau proteins is one of the main neuropathological hallmarks in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and related tauopathies. Hence, knowledge and understanding of disease mechanisms altering tau proteostasis and inducing cytotoxicity is critical. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are capable of binding to and silencing many target transcripts, providing an additional level of regulation that complements canonical transcriptional pathways. Therefore, observed abnormalities in their expression patterns in neurodegeneration suggest alterations of microRNA-target networks as drivers of cellular dysfunction in the disease. Strikingly, here we have found in autopsy brain tissue that miRNA miR-219 expression levels are decreased in a brain region early affected in AD patients, the entorhinal cortex. Our bioinformatics analysis indicates miR-219 is predicted to target Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase 2 gamma subunit (CAMK2γ), Tau tubulin kinase 1 (TTBK1) and Glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK3β), which are all implicated in the generation of abnormal hyperphosphorylated tau. We reveal human proteomic data supporting dysregulation in the levels of predicted miR-219 targets in the entorhinal cortex. In mammalian cellular models, we found that downregulation of miR-219 de-repress synthesis of three tau kinases, CAMK2γ, TTBK1 and GSK3β on the post-transcriptional level resulting in tau phosphorylation and cell toxicity. Finally, we show that deficiency of miR-219in vivopromotes age dependent neurodegeneration in the adult brain, with enhanced alterations in tau proteostasis, presynaptic terminals and memory impairment. Taken together, our data implicate miRNA dysregulation central to AD etiopathogenesis and suggest potential targets for the treatment of AD and related tauopathies.
The neglected part of the microbiome: Prophage TJ1 regulates the bacterial community of the metaorganism Hydra
Authors: Lange Janina , Fraune Sebastian , Bosch Thomas C.G. , Lachnit Tim 
Published: April 2019

AbstractMany multicellular organisms are closely associated with a specific bacterial community and therefore considered “metaorganisms”. Controlling the bacterial community composition is essential for the stability and function of metaorganisms, but the factors contributing to the maintenance of host specific bacterial colonization are poorly understood. Here we demonstrate that in Hydra the most dominant bacterial colonizer Curvibacter sp. is associated with an intact prophage which can be induced by different environmental stressors both in vitro and in vivo. Differences in the induction capacity of Curvibacter phage TJ1 in culture (in vitro) and on Hydra (in vivo) imply that the habitat of the prokaryotic host and/or bacterial frequency dependent factors influence phage inducibility. Moreover, we show that phage TJ1 features a broad host range against other bacterial colonizer and is directly capable to affect bacterial colonization on Hydra. From these results we conclude that prophages are hidden part of the microbiome interfering with bacteria-bacteria interactions and have the potential to influence the composition of host associated bacterial communities.
Molecular changes inMesembryanthemum crystallinumguard cells underlying the C3to CAM transition
Authors: Kong Wenwen , Yoo Mi-Jeong , Noble Jerald D. , Kelley Theresa M , Li Jing , Kirst Matias , Assmann Sarah M. , Chen Sixue 
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACTCrassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) is a specialized type of photosynthesis: stomata close during the day, enhancing water conservation, and open at night, allowing CO2uptake.Mesembryanthemum crystallinum(common ice plant) is a facultative CAM species that can shift from C3photosynthesis to CAM under salt or drought stresses. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the stress induced transition from C3to CAM remain unknown. Here we determined the transition time from C3to CAM inM. crystallinumunder salt stress. In parallel, single-cell-type transcriptomic profiling by 3’-mRNA sequencing was conducted in guard cells to determine the molecular changes in this key cell type during the transition. In total, 495 transcripts showed differential expression between control and salt-treated samples during the transition, including 285 known guard cell genes, seven CAM-related genes, 18 transcription factors, and 185 other genes previously not found to be expressed in guard cells.PEPC1andPPCK1, which encode key enzymes of CAM photosynthesis, were up-regulated in guard cells after seven days of salt treatment, indicating that guard cells themselves can transition from C3to CAM. This study provides important information towards introducing CAM stomatal behavior into C3crops to enhance water use efficiency.Summary statementWe determined the timing of salt induced transition of common ice plant from C3to CAM and identified transcriptomic changes during the transition. The data support the notion that guard cells themselves can transition from C3to CAM.
A Single Defined Sister Chromatid Fusion Destabilizes Cell Cycle through Micronuclei Formation
Authors: Kagaya Katsushi , Noma Naoto , Yamamoto Io , Tashiro Sanki , Ishikawa Fuyuki , Hayashi Makoto T 
Published: April 2019

AbstractChromosome fusion is deleterious among oncogenic chromosome rearrangements, and has been proposed to cause multiple tumor-driving abnormalities. Conventional methodologies, however, lack the strictness of the experimental controls on the fusion such as the exact timing, the number and the types of fusion in a given cell. Here, we developed a human cell-based sister chromatid fusion visualization system (FuVis), in which a single defined sister chromatid fusion is induced by CRISPR/Cas9 concomitantly with mCitrine expression. Fused chromosome developed numerical and structural abnormalities, including chromosome fragmentation, an indicative of eventual chromothripsis. Live cell imaging and hierarchical Bayesian modeling indicated that micronucleus (MN) is generated in the first few cell cycle, and that cells with MN tend to possess cell cycle abnormalities. These results demonstrate that, although most cells can tolerate a single fusion, even a single sister chromatid fusion destabilizes cell cycle through MN formation.
Alarm tones, music and their elements: A mixed methods analysis of reported waking sounds for the prevention of sleep inertia
Authors: McFarlane Stuart J. , Garcia Jair E. , Verhagen Darrin S. , Dyer Adrian G. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractSleep inertia is a potentially dangerous reduction in human alertness and occurs 0 – 4 hours after waking. The type of sound people set as their alarm for waking has been shown to reduce the effects of sleep inertia, however, the elemental musical factors that underpin these waking sounds and their relationship remain unclear. The goal of this research is to understand how a particular sound or music chosen to assist waking may counteract sleep inertia, and more specifically, what elements of these sounds may contribute to its reduction using a mix methods analysis. Through an anonymous, self-report online questionnaire, fifty participants (N = 50) reported attributes of their preferred waking sound, their feeling towards the waking sound, and symptoms of sleep inertia after waking. This data enabled the analysis and comparison between these responses to define statistically significant interactions. Our results show that there is no significant relationship between sleep inertia and the reported waking sound, nor the subject’s feeling towards this sound. However, we found that the melodicity of a chosen waking sound does effect sleep inertia. A sound that is perceived as melodic, produces less sleep inertia in comparison to a sound considered to be neutral (neither unmelodic nor melodic). Furthermore, a secondary analysis reveals that this is an important factor for waking stimulus design as it suggests that the amount of perceived rhythm will affect the perception of melody, and in turn, may influence the severity of sleep inertia on a secondary level. Our results reveal that the inclusion of detailed descriptive terms (musical elements) in addition to macro classifications (e.g. “pop music”) for stimulus testing would benefit future research and our understanding of waking audio’s effects on sleep inertia.
Seston fatty acids to quantify phytoplankton functional groups and their spatiotemporal dynamics in a highly turbid estuary
Authors: Cañavate José-Pedro , van Bergeijk Stefanie , González-Ortegón Enrique , Vílas César 
Published: April 2019

AbstractPhytoplankton community composition expresses estuarine functionality and its assessment can be improved by implementing novel quantitative fatty acid based procedures. Fatty acids have similar potential to pigments for quantifying phytoplankton functional groups but have been far less applied. A recently created dataset containing vast information on fatty acids of phytoplankton taxonomic groups was used as reference to quantify phytoplankton functional groups in the yet undescribed Guadalquivir River Estuary. Twelve phytoplankton groups were quantitatively distinguished by iterative matrix factor analysis of seston fatty acid signatures in this turbid estuary. Those phytoplankton groups including species unfeasible for microscopy identification (coccoid or microflagellated cells) could be quantified when using fatty acids. Conducting monthly matrix factor analyses over a period of two years and the full salinity range of the estuary indicated that diatoms dominated about half of the phytoplankton community spatiotemporally. The abundance of Cyanobacteria and Chlorophytes was inversely related to salinity and little affected by seasonality. Euglenophytes were also more abundant at lower salinity, increasing their presence in autumn-winter. Coccolithophores and Dinophytes contributed more to phytoplankton community at higher salinity and remained little affected by seasonality. Multivariate canonical analysis indicated that the structure of the estuarine phytoplankton community was most influenced by salinity, secondly influenced by water temperature, irradiance and river flow, and unaffected by nutrients. Fatty acids are especially suited for phytoplankton community research in high turbid estuaries and generate outcomes in synergy with those derived from classical pigment assessments.
Evidence for the role of extrusomes in evading attack by the host immune system in a scuticociliate parasite
Authors: Folgueira Iria , Lamas Jesús , De Felipe Ana Paula , Ana Sueiro Rosa , Manuel Leiro José 
Published: April 2019

AbstractLike other ciliates, the scuticociliate parasite of turbot,Philasterides dicentrarchi, produces only a feeding or growing stage called a trophont during its life cycle. Exposure of the trophonts to immune serum extracted from the host and containing specific antibodies that induce agglutination / immobilization leads to the production of a mucoid capsule from which the trophonts later emerge. We investigated how these capsules are generated, observing that the mechanism was associated with the process of exocytosis involved in the release of a matrix material from the extrusomes. The extruded material contains mucin-like glycoproteins that are deposited on the surface of the cell and whose expression increases with time of exposure to the turbot antibodies, at both protein expression and gene expression levels. Stimulation of the trophonts with host immune serum also causes an increase in discharge of the intracellular storage compartments of calcium necessary for the exocytosis processes in the extrusomes. The results obtained suggest thatP. dicentrarchiuses the extrusion mechanism to generate a physical barrier protecting the ciliate from attack by soluble factors of the host immune system. Data on the proteins involved and the potential development of molecules that interfere with this exocytic process could contribute to the development of glycosylated recombinant vaccines and drugs to improve the prevention and control of scuticociliatosis in turbot.
Escherichia coli’sphysiology can turn membrane voltage dyes into actuators
Authors: Mancini L , Terradot G , Tian T , Pu Y , Li Y , Lo CJ , Bai F , Pilizota T 
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACTThe electrical membrane potential (Vm) is one of the components of the electrochemical potential of protons across the biological membrane (proton motive force), which powers many vital cellular processes, andVmalso plays a role in signal transduction. Therefore, measuring it is of great interest, and over the years a variety of techniques has been developed for the purpose. In bacteria, given their small size, Nernstian membrane voltage probes are arguably the favourite strategy, and their cytoplasmic accumulation depends onVmaccording to the Nernst equation. However, a careful calibration of Nernstian probes that takes into account the trade-offs between the ease with which the signal from the dye is observed, and the dyes’ interactions with cellular physiology, is rarely performed. Here we use a mathematical model to understand such trade-offs and, based on the knowledge gained, propose a general work-flow for the characterization of Nernstian dye candidates. We demonstrate the work-flow on the Thioflavin T dye inEscherichia coli, and identify conditions in which the dye turns from aVmprobe into an actuator.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe phospholipid bilayer of a biological membrane is virtually impermeable to charged molecules. Much like in a rechargeable battery, cells harness this property to store an electrical potential that fuels life reactions but also transduces signals. Measuring this electrical potential, also referred to as membrane voltage, is therefore of great interest and a variety of techniques have been employed for the purpose, starting as early as the 1930s. For the case of bacteria, which are smaller in size and possess a stiffer cell wall, arguably the most popular approach to measuring membrane voltage are Nernstian probes that accumulate across the bacterial membrane according to the Nernst potential. The present study characterizes the undesired effects Nernstian probes can have on cell physiology, which can be crucial for the accurate interpretation of experimental results. Using mathematical modelling and experiments, the study provides a general, simple workflow to characterise and minimise these effects.
Determinants of credit card misuse among Gen Y consumers in urban Malaysia
Authors: Zainudin Rozaimah , Mahdzan Nurul Shahnaz , Yeap Ming-Yee 
Published: April 2019

Purpose
The concept of “buy now pay later” leads Malaysian Generation Y (Gen Y) to excessively use their credit cards for spending. To gauge the extent of this worrisome scenario, the purpose of this paper is to attempt to investigate the factors, including credit attitudes, knowledge on credit card, materialism, social norm and self-efficacy, that influence credit card misuse amongst Gen Y in Malaysia.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors have collected responses from a total of 501 respondents in two urban areas in Malaysia and estimated six multiple regression models to test five hypotheses.

Findings
The results suggest that credit card knowledge and self-efficacy are negatively related to credit card misuse amongst Gen Y in Malaysia. In contrast, positive relationships were found to exist between credit card attitudes, materialism and social norm and the dependent variable.

Research limitations/implications
In this study, the authors limit the data collection to the two biggest urban areas in Malaysia, namely, Klang Valley and Ipoh.

Practical implications
For the regulator’s perspective, the results can be used to understand the alarming indebtedness behaviour amongst working members of Gen Y and outline appropriate and effective policies to reduce their serious indebtedness. Financial service providers, however, can collaborate with regulators to curb credit card misuse amongst Gen Y, so that the latter can avoid high bad debt from line of credit facilities and bankruptcy.

Originality/value
The study’s findings will further enrich the existing literature on the factors affecting the credit card misuse, especially for the unique Gen Y cohort in Malaysia.
Financial planning for retirement: the role of income
Authors: Vivel-Búa Milagros , Rey-Ares Lucía , Lado-Sestayo Rubén , Fernández-López Sara 
Published: April 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to study the driving forces of both the decision to participate in individual pension plans and the amount of money allocated to such plans. Moreover, this paper evaluates the potential role that income plays, which has not previously been considered in depth in the financial literature.Design/methodology/approachBased on a sample of the Spanish population over the period 2008–2015, this paper estimates probit and tobit models, using 165,791 observations. The driving forces of private retirement savings comprise demographic, financial and socio-economic characteristics.FindingsThis paper confirms the impact of socio-demographic and economic variables on participation and monetary contributions to pension plans. It also confirms that income plays a non-negligible role. Moreover, empirical evidence reveals that the effect of gender is related to the income stratum to which the individual belongs.Originality/valueRetirement planning plays a key role in retirees’ future income and several countries have emphasised the importance of private individual savings to supplement the minimum provided by public pension schemes. The previous literature has concluded that those who plan their retirement end their working lives with three times the wealth of non-planners. Consequently, analysis of whether people are saving enough for their retirement can contribute to avoiding future wealth inequalities among retirees. Spain is one of the countries with the greatest inequality in income distribution, so this issue is of even greater interest.
Determinants of older consumers’ interest in home equity conversion products
Authors: Cosma Simona , Cosma Stefano , Peluso Alessandro M. 
Published: April 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to highlight opportunities for the banking sector arising from the population’s aging and the expected reduction in pension incomes. Home equity conversion (HEC) instruments are a potentially useful way of restoring households’ finances and satisfying their needs, with implications for the demand for financial services.

Design/methodology/approach
By using an ordered probit regression model, the paper analyzes data obtained from a survey of 2,000 Italian households.

Findings
The main finding of this paper is that individuals with greater familiarity with consumer credit, a cognitive and decision-making approach favorable to use of credit, and an internal locus of control show greater interest in various forms of equity conversion.

Originality/value
This paper extends the analysis of the determinants of individuals’ interest in HEC products. It focuses more closely than the existing literature on households’ credit behaviors, attitudes toward credit and locus of control. The paper helps identify the potential targets of marketing campaigns and commercial proposals, and highlights the levers that the banks can focus on in communicating with customers and future prospects. Moreover, this paper suggests that there is a need to develop greater awareness on the part of people who could be interested in these products. Therefore, appropriate financial education projects should be implemented to develop a better “credit” culture, with due appreciation of the usefulness of credit as a means of supporting household budgets.
Indian shopper motivation to use artificial intelligence
Authors: Chopra Komal 
Published: April 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to understand motivation of young consumers to use artificial intelligence (AI) tools such as chatbots, voice assistants and augmented reality in shopping by generating Vroom’s expectancy theory of motivation using grounded theory approach.Design/methodology/approachGrounded theory approach has been used to develop the Vroom’s expectancy theory. Initially data were collected through participant interviews using theoretical sampling. These data were analyzed and coded using the three step process, i.e. open coding, axial coding and selective coding. The categories created during coding were integrated to generate Vroom’s expectancy theory of motivation.FindingsThe findings indicate that Vroom’s expectancy theory of motivation can be used to explain motivation of young consumers to use AI tools as an aid in taking shopping decisions. The motivation may be intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation or force choice motivation. Expectancy represents the ease of using the tools, instrumentality represents competence of tools in performing desired tasks while valence represents satisfaction, rewarding experience and trust in using of tools.Research limitations/implicationsThe findings of the study are based on grounded theory approach which is an inductive approach. Alternate research methodologies, both inductive and deductive, need to be employed to strengthen the external validity and generalize the results. The study is limited to shopping motives of young consumers in India. A comparison with other consumer motivational studies has not been done. Hence no claim is made regarding the advantage of Vroom’s theory over other motivational theories.Practical implicationsThe study has strong implications for retailers in developing countries which are seen as an emerging market for retail and have introduced AI tools in recent years. The Vroom’s expectancy theory will help retailers to understand consumer motivation in using AI tools or shopping.Originality/valueVroom’s expectancy theory to understand consumer motivation to use AI tools in shopping was generated using the grounded theory approach.