bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predicting Alzheimer Disease From Mild Cognitive Impairment With a Deep Belief Network Based on 18F-FDG-PET Images
Authors: Shen Ting , Jiang Jiehui , Lu Jiaying , Wang Min , Zuo Chuantao , Yu Zhihua , Yan Zhuangzhi 
Published: September 2019

Objective: Accurate diagnosis of early Alzheimer disease (AD) plays a critical role in preventing the progression of memory impairment. We aimed to develop a new deep belief network (DBN) framework using 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) metabolic imaging to identify patients at the mild cognitive impairment (MCI) stage with presymptomatic AD and to discriminate them from other patients with MCI. Methods: 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose-PET images of 109 patients recruited in the ongoing longitudinal Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative study were included in this analysis. Patients were grouped into 2 classes: (1) stable mild cognitive impairment (n = 62) or (2) progressive mild cognitive impairment (n = 47). Our framework is composed of 4 steps: (1) image preprocessing: normalization and smoothing; (2) identification of regions of interest (ROIs); (3) feature learning using deep neural networks; and (4) classification by support vector machine with 3 kernels. All classification experiments were performed with a 5-fold cross-validation. Accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity were used to validate the results. Result: A total of 1103 ROIs were obtained. One hundred features were learned from ROIs using the DBN. The classification accuracy using linear, polynomial, and RBF kernels was 83.9%, 79.2%, and 86.6%, respectively. This method may be a powerful tool for personalized precision medicine in the population with prediction of early AD progression.
Effects of probiotics on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Tang Yao , Huang Juan , Zhang Wen yue , Qin Si , Yang Yi xuan , Ren Hong , Yang Qin-bing , Hu Huaidong 
Published: September 2019

Background: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become prevalent in recent decades, especially in developed countries, and approaches for the prevention and treatment of NAFLD are not clear. The aim of this research was to analyze and summarize randomized controlled trials that investigated the effects of probiotics on NAFLD. Methods: Seven databases (PubMed, Embase, the Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wan Fang Data, and VIP Database) were searched. Then, eligible studies were identified. Finally, proper data extraction, synthesis and analysis were performed by trained researchers. Results: Anthropometric parameters: with use of probiotics weight was reduced by 2.31 kg, and body mass index (BMI) was reduced by 1.08 kg/m2. Liver function: probiotic treatment reduced the alanine aminotransferase level by 7.22 U/l, the aspartate aminotransferase level by 7.22 U/l, the alkaline phosphatase level by 25.87 U/l, and the glutamyl transpeptidase level by −5.76 U/l. Lipid profiles: total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides were significantly decreased after probiotic treatment. Their overall effects (shown as standard mean difference) were −0.73, −0.54, and −0.36, respectively. Plasma glucose: probiotics reduced the plasma glucose level by 4.45 mg/dl and the insulin level by 0.63. Cytokines: probiotic treatment decreased tumor necrosis factor alpha by 0.62 and leptin by 1.14. Degree of liver fat infiltration (DFI): the related risk of probiotics for restoring DFI was 2.47 (95% confidence interval, 1.61–3.81, p < 0.001). Conclusion: Probiotic treatment or supplementation is a promising therapeutic method for NAFLD.
HBV vaccination status among healthcare workers: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Garzillo Elpidio Maria , Arnese Antonio , Coppola Nicola , Corvino AnnaRita , Feola Daniela , Monaco Maria Grazia Lourdes , Signoriello Giuseppe , Marsella Luigi Tonino , Arena Paola , Lamberti Monica 
Published: September 2019

Objective: The development of a vaccine against hepatitis B virus (HBV) is one of the improvements in strategy prevention during the last decades. Aim: To evaluate HBV-related vaccine status in healthcare workers (HCW) exposed to biological risk. Methods: The serum markers for HBV were collected from HCWs in two tertiary care hospitals in Naples (Italy). Multivariate statistical analysis was then performed to identify associated factors linked to the long-term immunogenicity of the HCWs. Results: All HBV vaccinated individuals were screened for whole marker patterns; all were HBsAg/anti-HBc negative. Of individuals, 20% had an anti-HB antibody titre < 10 IU/L. Multivariate statistical analysis highlighted that women were more protected than men (73.6% vs. 26.4%, P < 0.05). Additionally, nurses seem to maintain a higher antibody titre than doctors and other staff, such as auxiliary technicians ( P < 0.05). Conclusions: Our data support the evidence of a strong immunogenicity against HBV, assessed through the circulating antibody titre, when prophylactic vaccination is conducted in non-infantile age, particularly for women. The outcome of the study supports the central role of occupational physicians within the hospital districts in terms of primary prevention and maximum protection of HCWs.
Presoaking of Hamstring Autografts in Vancomycin Decreases the Occurrence of Infection Following Primary Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Figueroa David , Figueroa Francisco , Calvo Rafael , Lopez Mario , Goñi Ignacio 
Published: September 2019

Background: Postoperative septic arthritis is an uncommon but potentially devastating complication after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. Our group started presoaking grafts with vancomycin to decrease this risk. Purpose: To compare the rate of septic arthritis in primary hamstring autograft ACL reconstruction with and without vancomycin-presoaked grafts. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Consecutive periods were studied, inclusive of April 2013 through October 2015 (pre-vancomycin protocol) and November 2015 through May 2018 (vancomycin protocol). A total of 490 patients were included in the study: 230 in the pre-vancomycin protocol and 260 in the vancomycin protocol. All patients who underwent a primary hamstring autograft ACL reconstruction by 2 senior surgeons during the periods studied were included. The final outcome studied was occurrence of highly probable postoperative septic arthritis in both groups. Diagnosis of probable septic arthritis was made by clinical diagnosis as well as cytological analysis of joint aspiration (cell count >50,000/μL and >90% neutrophils). Statistical analysis was performed with the Fisher exact test. Significance was set at P < .05. Results: Four cases of probable postoperative septic arthritis were noted in the pre-vancomycin protocol (1.7%; 2 cases per surgeon), while no cases of septic arthritis were noted in the vancomycin protocol during the study period ( P < .05). Diagnosis was made at a mean 21.7 days (range, 16-25 days). Staphylococcus epidermidis was isolated in 2 cases, and in the other 2 cases, no organism was isolated. Conclusion: Presoaking of hamstring autografts in vancomycin for primary ACL reconstruction prevented the occurrence of postoperative septic arthritis during the study period as compared with no soaking of the grafts.
Intravitreal Silicone Oil Migration Into the Lateral Cerebral Ventricles
Authors: Cao Jessica L. , Browne Andrew W. , Clifford Thomas , Sharma Sumit , Patel Vivek 
Published: September 2019

Purpose: Silicone oil (SO) is often used as an intraocular tamponade in repairs of retinal detachments. It may be associated with complications such as cataract, glaucoma, keratopathy, subretinal migration of oil, fibrous epiretinal and sub retinal proliferations, and oil emulsification. The purpose of this report is to describe a rare phenomenon of intraocular silicone oil migration into the cerebral ventricles, which may later be mistaken for intraventricular hemorrhages on neuroimaging. Methods: Case report with literature review. Results: A patient with a history of retinal detachment repair with intraocular SO presented with headaches. Neuroimaging revealed SO migration to the cerebral ventricles. The patient was treated conservatively with symptom management and headaches resolved. Conclusions: We present a case of intraocular SO migration to the cerebral ventricles and review the current literature. We also propose two mechanisms for this phenomenon.
Corticosteroid tapering with benralizumab treatment for eosinophilic asthma: PONENTE Trial
Authors: Menzies-Gow Andrew , Corren Jonathan , Bel Elisabeth H. , Maspero Jorge , Heaney Liam G. , Gurnell Mark , Wessman Peter , Martin Ubaldo J. , Siddiqui Shahid , Garcia Gil Esther 
Published: September 2019

Benralizumab is an interleukin-5 receptor α-directed cytolytic monoclonal antibody approved in several countries for the add-on maintenance treatment of patients with severe eosinophilic asthma aged 12 years and older. In the 28-week Phase III ZONDA trial (ClinicalTrials.govidentifier:NCT02075255), benralizumab produced a median 75% reduction from baseline in oral corticosteroid (OCS) dosage (versus25% for placebo) while maintaining asthma control for patients with OCS-dependent severe asthma. This manuscript presents the detailed protocol for the Phase IIIb PONENTE (ClinicalTrials.govidentifier:NCT03557307), a study that will build on the findings from ZONDA.As the largest steroid-sparing study undertaken in severe asthma, PONENTE has a faster steroid tapering schedule for prednisone dosages ≥7.5 mg·day−1than previous studies, and it includes an evaluation of adrenal insufficiency and an algorithm to taper OCS dosage when prednisone dosage is ≤5 mg·day−1. It also has a longer maintenance phase to assess asthma control for up to 6 months after completion of OCS tapering.The two primary endpoints are whether patients achieve 100% reduction in daily OCS use and whether patients achieve 100% reduction in daily OCS or achieve OCS dosage ≤5 mg·day−1, if adrenal insufficiency prevented further reduction, both sustained over ≥4 weeks without worsening of asthma. Safety and change from baseline in health-related quality of life will also be assessed.PONENTE should provide valuable guidance for clinicians on tapering OCS dosage, including the management of adrenal insufficiency, following benralizumab initiation for the treatment of patients who are OCS-dependent with severe, uncontrolled eosinophilic asthma.
EFFECT OF GATING SHAPE AND DIRECTION DURING CENTRIFUGAL CASTING OF ARTIFICIAL LUMBAR DISC MODEL OF CP-TI
Authors: Setyana Lilik , Mahardika Muslim , Sutiyoko Sutiyoko , Suyitno Suyitno 
Published: September 2019

Shape and direction of gating in centrifugal casting affected the microstructures and defects. The purpose of this research was to determine the effects of gating shape and direction in centrifugal casting toward porosity, density, roughness, and microstructures on the artificial lumbar disc model. The main shapes of gating were circular and rectangular cross-section. The circular cross-section gating was used for two different directions of artificial lumbar discs; vertical, and horizontal. Furthermore, the rectangular cross-section design consisted of three different directions; oblique clockwise, oblique counter-clockwise and perpendicular towards the mold. The rotational mold was conducted at a speed of 60 rpm. The results showed that the rectangular cross-section gating with the oblique direction same with the rotation of the mold produced artificial lumbar disc model that had the smallest porosity area among the other directions. It was the best gating design among the others which had the smallest porosity area (0,68%), highest density (4,517 g/cm3), and smoothest roughness (8,76 µm). In the sub-surface, the microstructure of α-case was formed. The thickness and hardness of the α-case in this design were 50-100 µm and 760 VHN, respectively. Hence, the rectangular cross-section gating with the oblique direction same with the rotation of the mold was appropriate to be applied in the manufacture of an artificial lumbar disc model.
Preparation of ternary ZnO/Ag/cellulose and its enhanced photocatalytic degradation property on phenol and benzene in VOCs
Authors: Zou Xiao-Hang , Zhao Si-Wei , Zhang Ji-Guo , Sun Hui-Liang , Pan Qing-Jiang , Guo Yuan-Ru 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe ZnO/Ag/cellulose composite (ZAC) with excellent photocatalytic activity of degrading benzene and phenol in VOCs has been successfully synthesized. EDS, TEM, XPS and UV-vis analyses show that the ZAC is a ternary composite. It is composed of Ag, ZnO and cellulose, where the cellulose works as the substrate to anchor the other two components. The X-ray diffraction patterns find well-crystallized ZnO nanoparticles. Multiple PL peaks in the visible region measured for ZAC, imply rich defects on ZnO. It is observed that Ag nanoparticles are mainly attached on ZnO in the composite, which would raise the separation efficiency of photogenerated electrons and holes. Photocatalytic degradation shows that ZAC is able to decompose almost 100% phenol and 19% benzene in VOCs under UV light irradiation (6 W) which is almost no harm to human body. Due to the renewable cellulose, our ternary composite ZAC imparts low-cost, easily recycled and flexible merits, which might be applied in the indoor VOCs treatment.
Crystal structure of hexaaquamagnesium(II) bis((E)-4-((4-(dimethylamino)phenyl)diazenyl)benzenesulfonate), C28H40MgN6O12S2
Authors: Park Garam , Oh In-Hwan , Park Seong-Hun 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
C28H40MgN6O12S2, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 6.1988(3) Å, b = 7.1103(4) Å, c = 38.7135(4) Å, β = 91.519(3)°, V = 1705.71(13) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0360, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0755, T = 293 K.
Die Revision der SI-Einheit Mol: Hintergründe und der Einfluss auf die zukünftige Arbeit des praktischen Chemikers
Authors: Pramann Axel , Rienitz Olaf , Güttler Bernd 
Published: September 2019

Zusammenfassung
Im November 2018 trat die Generalkonferenz für Maß und Gewicht (General Conference on Weights and Measures, CGPM), die höchste Instanz der Meterkonvention, zu ihrem 26. Treffen zusammen, um die Revision des Internationalen Einheitensystems (SI) zu beschließen. Die SI-Basiseinheit der Stoffmenge n, das Mol, wird nun über die Avogadro-Konstante

N

A

=
6.022

140

76
×

10

23

mol

{N_{\mathrm{A}}}=6.022\hspace{0.1667em}140\hspace{0.1667em}76\times {10^{23}}\hspace{0.1667em}\text{mol}

definiert. Der Wert von

N

A

{N_{\mathrm{A}}}

wurde ohne Messunsicherheit festgelegt. Diese Revision trat am 20. Mai 2019 in Kraft. Bislang war das Mol über die Masse von 12 g des 12C-Isotops definiert und daher mit einer weiteren SI-Einheit, dem Kilogramm, verknüpft. Dieser Artikel beschreibt die Hintergründe, die Vorteile, die Motivation, die Realisierung (Mise en Pratique) und Weitergabe des Mol sowie die Änderungen nach der Revision. Die derzeit beste Methode der Realisierung und Weitergabe, die X-ray-crystal density (XRCD) Methode (Zählen der Si-Atome in einer Kugel aus hinsichtlich 28Si angereichertem Silicium) wird kurz beschrieben. Dabei wird besonderes Augenmerk auf die Bestimmung der molaren Masse dieses Materials gelegt, die wohl die Größe mit der kleinsten Messunsicherheit in der Chemie darstellt. Die durch die Revision verursachten Änderungen für den Alltag des Chemikers werden mit Beispielen verdeutlicht, um ein besseres Verständnis in Lehre und industrieller Praxis zu vermitteln.
Baile de salón para prevenir caídas en ancianos: estudio de caso control
Authors: Pereira de Paiva Elenir , Bolpato Loures Fabiano , Mendonça Marinho Samantha 
Published: September 2019

Introducción: Brasil se encuentra en un período de transición, en el que se manifiesta un acelerado proceso de envejecimiento, que expone al país a diversos desafíos, por lo que es fundamental elaborar políticas públicas para atender la salud de los adultos mayores. Este estudio tiene por objeto evaluar la práctica del baile de salón en la prevención de caídas en ancianos. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio tipo caso control, con 90 adultos mayores, escogiendo 60 adultos mayores para el grupo control a través de una muestra aleatoria simple (N=1234) en una Unidad de Atención Primaria de Salud adscrita a la Estrategia de Salud de la Familia. El grupo caso está conformado por 30 adultos mayores que practicaban baile de salón. Se utilizó la escala de Berg para evaluar el equilibrio y se considero un mayor riesgo de caídas en individuos con puntuación menor a 45. Resultados: Se constató que en el grupo de practicantes de baile (caso) apenas uno de ellos presentó una puntuación menor a 45, y en el grupo (control) diez usuarios presentaron un valor menor a 45. El riesgo relativo calculado fue de 0,2 demostrando que la práctica del baile de salón parece ser un factor de protección contra caídas. Discusión y Conclusiones: Se evidenció según la muestra el baile de salón fue un factor de protección en la prevención de caídas de la persona mayor y también para mejorar su equilibrio.
Como citar este artículo: Paiva EP, Loures FB, Marinho SM. Dança de salão na prevenção de quedas em idosos: estudo caso controle. Rev Cuid. 2019; 10(3): e850. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.v10i3.850
Racial Differences and Factors Associated with Pregnancy in ESKD Patients on Dialysis in the United States
Authors: Shah Silvi , Christianson Annette L. , Meganathan Karthikeyan , Leonard Anthony C. , Schauer Daniel P. , Thakar Charuhas V. 
Published: September 2019

Significance Statement
Pregnancy is not common in women on dialysis due to impaired fertility. Literature is scarce about pregnancy in women on dialysis in the United States. In this retrospective study, the authors examined the pregnancy rates and associated factors in 47,555 US women on dialysis from 2005 to 2013. They identified 2352 pregnancies, for a rate of 17.8 per thousand person years, a higher rate than seen in previous studies. Pregnancy rates were highest in Native American women followed by Hispanics, blacks, Asians, and whites. Younger age, hemodialysis as the dialysis modality, and ESKD caused by GN, vasculitis, neoplasm, and hypertension were associated with the higher likelihood of pregnancy. Patients with diabetes as the cause of ESKD had the lowest pregnancy rates. This study improves our understanding of pregnancy in women on dialysis, and can lead to better counseling and shared decision making.

Background
Pregnancy in women with ESKD undergoing dialysis is uncommon due to impaired fertility. Data on pregnancy in women on dialysis in the United States is scarce.

Methods
We evaluated a retrospective cohort of 47,555 women aged 15–44 years on dialysis between January 1, 2005 and December 31, 2013 using data from the United States Renal Data System with Medicare as primary payer. We calculated pregnancy rates and identified factors associated with pregnancy.

Results
In 47,555 women on dialysis, 2352 pregnancies were identified. Pregnancy rate was 17.8 per thousand person years (PTPY) with the highest rate in women aged 20–24 (40.9 PTPY). In the adjusted time-to-event analysis, a higher likelihood of pregnancy was seen in Native American (HR, 1.77; 95% CI, 1.33 to 2.36), Hispanic (HR, 1.51; 95% CI, 1.32 to 1.73), and black (HR, 1.33; 95% CI, 1.18 to 1.49) women than in white women. A higher rate of pregnancy was seen in women with ESKD due to malignancy (HR, 1.64; 95% CI, 1.27 to 2.12), GN (HR, 1.38; 95% CI, 1.21 to 1.58), hypertension (HR, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.16 to 1.51), and secondary GN/vasculitis (HR, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.02 to 1.37) than ESKD due to diabetes. A lower likelihood of pregnancy was seen among women on peritoneal dialysis than on hemodialysis (HR, 0.47; 95% CI, 0.41 to 0.55).

Conclusions
The pregnancy rate is higher in women on dialysis than previous reports indicate. A higher likelihood of pregnancy was associated with race/ethnicity, ESKD cause, and dialysis modality.
PROJECT SCHEDULING AND STAFF ALLOCATION PROBLEM WITH TIME-DEPENDENT LEARNING EFFECT: A MIXED INTEGER NON-LINEAR PROGRAMMING APPROACH
Authors: ARIK Oğuzhan Ahmet 
Published: September 2019

This
paper proposes a mixed integer non-linear programming (MINLP) for project
scheduling and staff allocation problem with time-dependent learning effect
considering task similarities for learning. Resources of a project, especially
staffs, can learn from previous tasks if those tasks and the current task are
similar. Considering similarities among tasks for each staff can produce a more
realistic schedule for a project. The objective function of the proposed
problem is to minimize project completion time. The learning effect in this
paper is dependent on the time when the project staff starts to do that task.
If a project staff does repetitive and/or similar tasks then that staff can get
experience and do tasks faster than planned durations. Therefore, task sequence
is essential to assign tasks to project staffs in order to minimize project
completion time by considering task similarities in view of learning.
SUBCRITICAL HYDROTHERMAL CONVERSION OF XYLOSE INTO VALUABLE PRODUCTS IN THE PRESENCE OF DEEP EUTECTIC SOLVENTS
Authors: SERT Murat 
Published: September 2019

Hydrothermal conversion in subcritical
water is a conversion technique which is attractive method because of its
ability to transform wet biomass into valuable chemicals without drying. In
this study, the hydrothermal conversion of xylose was carried out in
subcritical water in the absence and in the presence of catalysts. Experiments
were performed at temperatures of 250, 300 and 350°C with a reaction time of 1
h. &nbsp;Deep eutectic solvents (DES) were
used as catalysts in the hydrothermal conversion of xylose. The effects of
temperature and catalyst addition on the yields of gas and liquid products also
on gas and liquid composition were examined. DES 1 consisting of potassium
carbonate and ethylene glycol, DES 2 composing choline chloride and urea showed
catalytic activity by increasing the liquid yield. The main components were
identified as hydroxyacetic acid (glycolic acid), lactic acid, 5-hydroxy methyl
furfural, furfural and formic acid. The gas product yield was increased by
increasing temperature for all samples. The presence of DESs showed catalytic
activity on gas yield and the maximum gas yield was obtained as 31.7 % for DES2
Atherosclerosis in geriatric patients known to be healthy
Authors: Genç Ahmed Bilal , Yaylaci Selcuk , Acıkgöz Seyyid Bilal , Yildirim Mehmet , Aksoy Yakup Ersel , Vatan Mehmet Bülent , Dheir Hamad , Sipahi Savas 
Published: September 2019

Background: The aim of the present study is to determine the presence of atherosclerosis in geriatric patients who are known to be healthy and examine sociodemographic and laboratory parameters affecting the presence of atherosclerosis.Method: 90 healthy volunteers including 66(73.3%) non-geriatric ones and 24(26.7%) geriatric ones were included in the study. It was analyzed whether there was a correlation between the two groups in terms of the parameters of gender, age average, alcohol consumption, smoking, carotid intima-media thickness (CA-IMT), and pulse wave velocity (PWV). Sociodemographic and laboratory parameters of the volunteers with and without atherosclerosis in the geriatric group were examined. Results: Among geriatric volunteers (Group 1), 13(54.2%) were male; whereas, among non-geriatric volunteers (Group 2), 41(62.1%) were male. CA-IMT was determined to be higher in Group 1 (averagely 0.80±0.12 mm) than Group 2 (averagely 0.62±0.14 mm) (p:<0.001). PWV was significantly higher in Group 1 (averagely 10.32±1.44 m/s) than Group 2 (6.26±1.09 m/s) (p:<0.001). After PWV or CA-IMT examination, atherosclerosis findings were determined in 12 healthy geriatric volunteers (50%) in Group 1.Conclusion: It should be remembered that even though atherosclerosis can be frequently observed in geriatric individuals who are known to be healthy, it may also go unnoticed. Determination of atherosclerosis with noninvasive methods will be helpful in preventing complications that might be caused by atherosclerosis.