bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clustered domestic model of residential care is associated with better consumer rated quality of care
Authors: S. Gnanamanickam Emmanuel , M. Dyer Suzanne , Milte Rachel , Liu Enwu , Ratcliffe Julie , Crotty Maria 
Published: August 2018

Abstract

Objective
To compare consumer rated quality of care among individuals living long-term in homelike clustered domestic and standard models of residential care in Australia.

Design
Cross-sectional study.

Setting
Seventeen residential aged care facilities in four Australian states providing alternative models of care.

Study participants
A sample of individuals with high prevalence of cognitive impairment living in residential care for 12 months or longer, not immediately in palliative care and having a proxy available to provide consent and assist with data collection. Of 901 eligible participants, 541 consented and participated in the study.

Main outcome measure
Consumer rated quality of care was measured using the Consumer Choice Index–6 Dimension instrument (CCI-6D) providing a preference weighted summary score ranging from 0 to 1. The six dimensions of care time, shared-spaces, own-room, outside and gardens, meaningful activities and care flexibility were individually evaluated.

Results
Overall consumer rated quality of care (Mean ∆: 0.138, 95% CI 0.073–0.203 P < 0.001) was higher in clustered domestic models after adjusting for potential confounders. Individually, the dimensions of access to outside and gardens (P < 0.001) and flexibility of care (P < 0.001) were rated significantly better compared to those living in standard model of care.

Conclusions
Homelike, clustered domestic models of care are associated with better consumer rated quality of care, specifically the domains of access to outdoors and care flexibility, in a sample of individuals with cognitive impairment. Including consumer views on quality of care is feasible and should be standard in future evaluations of residential care.
Overview of Curricula About Pain in Physical Therapist Education Programs in Brazil: A Faculty Survey
Authors: Venturine Jéssica S , Pires Gabriel M T , Pereira Monique L , Monteiro Michelle G M , Meziat-Filho Ney , Nogueira Leandro C , Reis Felipe J J 
Published: August 2018

Abstract

Background
Educating health professionals about pain (pain education) during undergraduate studies may be an important step in changing ineffective pain management practices.

Objective
The objective of this study was to assess the extent of pain education in current accredited physical therapist education programs in Brazil.

Design
This study was designed as a cross-sectional survey study.

Methods
Brazilian physical therapist education programs accredited by the Ministry of Education participated in this study. The main outcome measures were frequency of a specific curriculum about pain (pain curriculum) in physical therapist education programs and content analysis according to discipline-specific pain curriculum recommendations developed by the International Association for the Study of Pain.

Results
A total of 811 physical therapist education programs in Brazil were identified. After duplicates and universities no longer offering a physical therapist education program were removed, a total of 566 physical therapist education programs were left; 399 of the 566 (70.5%) provided information about the curriculum on their websites. Among the identified physical therapist education programs with available curricula, 26 (6.5%) had a specific course about pain (pain course), covering a mean of 44.3 hours.

Limitations
Limitations included the inability to cover all the physical therapist education programs in Brazil and the inability to identify whether pain content is distributed in other disciplines such as pediatrics, geriatrics, and neurological and orthopedic physical therapy.

Conclusions
Most Brazilian physical therapist education programs do not offer a specific pain course. When a pain course is presented in the curriculum, some content recommended for physical therapist education programs by the International Association for the Study of Pain is not covered. The absence of a pain course in physical therapist education programs may have implications for pain management. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study about pain education in physical therapist education programs in Brazil.
Zika Virus Infection during Pregnancy and Sensorineural Hearing Loss among Children at 3 and 24 Months Post-Partum
Authors: Fandiño-Cárdenas Marcela , Idrovo Alvaro J , Velandia Roman , Molina-Franky Jessica , Alvarado-Socarras Jorge L 
Published: August 2018

Abstract

Objective
The objectives of this study were to describe the findings of the auditory screening in children of mothers with ZIKV during pregnancy or suspicious of congenital ZIKV, and to determine whether hearing loss was in the first 2 years in life, regardless of whether microcephaly was also present.

Methods
This is a cases report. The information was collected and recorded in a database between January 2016 and April 2018. We perform two auditory tests to 3 and 24 months of life. The study was developed in Aguachica (Cesar, Colombia). It is considered a high-risk area for ZIKV infection. Participants included children of mothers with confirmed ZIKV during pregnancy or suspicious of congenital ZIKV exposure of ZIKV infection during an epidemic period in a tropical area. We defined a positive case according to the epidemiological definition and clinical criteria based on maternal symptoms. However, other children of mothers without clinical signs of Zika were evaluated at the same time. The main outcome was the presence of sensorineural hearing loss.

Results
The median age in the study group (n = 43) was 3.5 months (rank: 0–6) and the comparison group (n: 23, children of mothers without clinical signs of ZIKV) was 3 months (rank: 0–12). Screening hearing test was done using distortion product otoacustic emissions. At 3 months follow-up, children were evaluated using distortion product otoacustic emissions and automatized auditory brainstem response. None of the patients evaluated in this study were found to have sensorineural hearing loss.

Conclusions
We did not find hearing loss during the first 2 years in the children whose mother showed Zika during pregnancy. We recommend these children must be assessed to closed because there is a high risk the hearing loss as it usually may occur with CMV.
Predictors of Successful Weaning From Veno-Arterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation After Coronary Revascularization for Acute Myocardial Infarction Complicated by Cardiac Arrest: A Retrospective Multicenter Study
Authors: Sugiura Atsushi , Abe Ryuzo , Nakayama Takashi , Hattori Noriyuki , Fujimoto Yoshihide , Himi Toshiharu , Sano Koichi , Oda Shigeto , Kobayashi Yoshio 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACT

Aim:
While veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) has been utilized to resuscitate and stabilize hemodynamics in patients of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) complicated by cardiac arrest (CA), it is essential to predict the possibility of weaning from ECMO to determine further strategies, including use of ventricular assist device. We aimed to determine predictors of successful weaning from VA-ECMO in the early phase of ECMO treatment.

Methods:
We identified consecutive patients of AMI complicated by CA treated with VA-ECMO and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Clinical data within 48 h after ECMO initiation were assessed and multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to determine independent predictors of weaning outcome.

Results:
Fifty-five patients were analyzed. While 28 (51%) patients were successfully weaned from VA-ECMO, 27 (49%) failed to wean. Multivariate analysis identified post-PCI thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) flow grade (P = 0.046), mean arterial pressure (MAP) at 4 h after ECMO initiation (P = 0.010), and serum lactate at 24 h (P = 0.015) as independent predictors of successful weaning. Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) at 24 and 48 h was significantly greater in the successful weaning group (P = 0.014, P = 0.025, respectively).

Conclusions:
Successful weaning from VA-ECMO was predicted by post-PCI TIMI flow grade, MAP at 4 h, and serum lactate at 24 h after VA-ECMO initiation in patients of AMI complicated by CA. Furthermore, in patients who failed to wean from ECMO, LVEF did not recover within 48 h. In such patients, adjunctive use of other circulatory mechanical devices must be considered.
Inverse Correlation Between Plasma Sphingosine-1-Phosphate and Ceramide Concentrations in Septic Patients and Their Utility in Predicting Mortality
Authors: Wu Xiaoliang , Hou Jinchao , Li Hui , Xie Guohao , Zhang Xiaolin , Zheng Jungang , Wang Jiang , Gao Feng , Yao Yongming , Liu Hong , Fang Xiangming 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between plasma sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) and ceramide concentrations in sepsis, and the possible mechanisms for altered expression.

Methods:
Plasma S1P and ceramide concentrations were measured by HPLC-ESI-MS/MS. HLA-DR (human leukocyte antigen-DR) expression on peripheral blood mononuclear cells was examined by flow cytometry. Platelet sphingosine kinases 1/2 (SphK1/2) mRNA expression, protein content, and enzyme activities were determined by qRT-PCR, western blot, and commercial enzyme assay kits, respectively.

Results:
Compared with healthy and ICU controls, septic patients had significantly decreased plasma S1P but increased ceramide concentrations (P < 0.05). S1P concentration was negatively associated with the ceramide concentration in the septic patients (r = −0.36, P < 0.05). Linear regression analysis found that plasma S1P and ceramide were linked not only to sequential (sepsis-related) organ failure assessment (SOFA) score but also the HLA-DR expression on circulating monocytes. An receiver operating characteristic analysis, including S1P, ceramide, SOFA score and HLA-DR, showed integrated analysis of S1P and ceramide as the better powerful predictors of septic lethality with area under the curve value of 0.95. More importantly, we found the platelet SphKs activities and the expression levels of SphK1 were significantly decreased in septic patients (P < 0.05). Linear regression analysis revealed platelet SphKs activity was positively associated with the plasma S1P concentration of the septic patients (r = −0.41, P = 0.02).

Conclusions:
Integrated analysis of plasma S1P and ceramide predict septic mortality with high accuracy. The decreased platelet SphK1 expression and subsequent reduced SphKs activity might be responsible for the decreased plasma S1P levels during sepsis.
Annexin A1 drives macrophage skewing towards a resolving phenotype to accelerate the regeneration of muscle injury through AMPK activation
Authors: McArthur Simon , Gobbetti Thomas , Juban Gaëtan , Desgeorges Thibaut , Theret Marine , Gondin Julien , Toller-Kawahisa Juliana E , Reutelingsperger Christopher P , Perretti Mauro , Mounier Rémi 
Published: August 2018

SummaryUnderstanding the circuits that promote an efficient resolution of inflammation is crucial to deciphering the molecular and cellular processes required to promote tissue repair. Macrophages play a central role in the regulation of inflammation, resolution and repair/regeneration. Using a model of skeletal muscle injury and repair, herein we identify Annexin A1 (AnxA1) as the extracellular trigger of macrophage skewing towards a pro-reparative phenotype. Brought into the injured tissue initially by migrated neutrophils, and then over-expressed in infiltrating macrophages, AnxA1 activates FPR2/ALX receptors and the downstream AMPK signalling cascade leading to macrophage skewing, dampening of inflammation and regeneration of muscle fibres. Mice lacking AnxA1 in all cells or in myeloid cells only display a defect in this reparative process.In vitroexperiments recapitulated these properties, with AMPK null macrophages lacking AnxA1-mediated polarization. Collectively, these data identify the AnxA1/FPR2/AMPK axis as a novel pathway in skeletal muscle injury regeneration.
Towards comprehensive allosteric control over protein activity
Authors: Guarnera Enrico , Berezovsky Igor N. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractOn the basis of the perturbation nature of allosteric communication, a computational framework is proposed for estimating the energetics of signaling caused by the ligand binding and mutations. The perturbations are modelled as alterations of the strenght of interactions in the protein contact network in the binding sites and neighborhoods of mutated residues. The combination of protein harmonic modelling with effect of perturbations and the estimate of local partition functions allow one to evaluate the energetics of allosteric communication at single residue level. The potential allosteric effect of a protein residue position, modulation range, is given by the difference between responses to stabilizing and destabilizing mutations. We show a versatility of the approach on three case studies of proteins with different mechanisms of allosteric regulation, testing it on their known regulatory and functional sites. Allosteric Signaling Maps (ASMs) obtained on the basis of residue-by-residue scanning are proposed as a comprehensive tool to explore a relationship between mutations allosterically modulating protein activity and those that mainly affect protein stability. Analysis of ASMs shows distance dependence of the mode switching in allosteric signaling, emphasizing the role of domains/subunits in protein allosteric communication as elements of a percolative system. Finally, ASMs can be used to complement and tune already existing signaling and to design new elements of allosteric regulation.SignificanceUniversality of allosteric signaling in proteins, molecular machines, and receptors and great advantages of prospected allosteric drugs in highly specific, non-competitive, and modulatory nature of their actions call for deeper theoretical understanding of allosteric communication. In the energy landscape paradigm underliying the molecular mechanisms of protein function, allosteric signalling is the result of any perturbation, such as ligand binding, mutations, intermolecular interactions etc. We present a computational model, allowing to tackle the problem of modulating the energetics of protein allosteric communication. Using this method, Allosteric Signaling Maps (ASMs) are proposed as an approach to exhaustively describe allosteric signaling in the protein, making it possible to take protein activity under allosteric control.
Glycosyltransferases promote development and prevent promiscuous cell aggregation in the choanoflagellate S. rosetta
Authors: Wetzel Laura A. , Levin Tera C. , Hulett Ryan E. , Chan Daniel , King Grant A. , Aldayafleh Reef , Booth David S. , Sigg Monika Abedin , King Nicole 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACTThe mechanisms underlying multicellular development in the animal stem lineage may be reconstructed through the study of choanoflagellates, the closest living relatives of animals. To determine the genetic underpinnings of multicellularity in the emerging model choanoflagellate S. rosetta, we performed a screen for mutants with defects in multicellular rosette development. In two of the mutants, Jumble and Couscous, single cells failed to develop into orderly rosettes but instead aggregated promiscuously into amorphous clumps of cells. Both mutants mapped to lesions in genes encoding glycosyltransferases and the mutations perturbed glycosylation patterns in the extracellular matrix (ECM). In animals, glycosyltransferases transfer activated sugars to donor molecules and thereby sculpt the polysaccharide-rich ECM, regulate integrin and cadherin activity, and, when disrupted, contribute to tumorigenesis. The finding that glycosyltransferases promote proper rosette development and prevent cell aggregation in S. rosetta suggests a pre-metazoan role for glycosyltransferases in regulating development and preventing abnormal tumor-like multicellularity.IMPACT STATEMENTA genetic screen reveals that glycosyltransferases are required for proper rosette development and the prevention of cell clumping in one of the closest living relatives of animals, the choanoflagellate S. rosetta.
TheAcinetobacter baumanniiMla system and glycerophospholipid transport to the outer membrane
Authors: Kamischke Cassandra , Fan Junping , Bergeron Julien , Kulasekara Hemantha D. , Dalebroux Zachary D. , Burrell Anika , Kollman Justin M. , Miller Samuel I. 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACTThe outer membrane (OM) of Gram-negative bacteria serves as a selective permeability barrier that allows entry of essential nutrients while excluding toxic compounds, including antibiotics. The OM is asymmetric and contains an outer leaflet of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) or lipooligosaccharides (LOS) and an inner leaflet of glycerophospholipids (GPL). We screenedAcinetobacter baumanniitransposon mutants and identified a number of mutants with OM defects, including an ABC transporter system homologous to the Mla system inE. coli. We further show that this opportunistic, antibiotic-resistant pathogen uses this multicomponent protein complex and ATP hydrolysis at the inner membrane to promote GPL export to the OM. The broad conservation of the Mla system in Gram-negative bacteria suggests the system may play a conserved role in OM biogenesis. The importance of the Mla system toAcinetobacter baumanniiOM integrity and antibiotic sensitivity suggests that its components may serve as new antimicrobial therapeutic targets.
Copy Number Variation in Gluthatione S-Transferase Variants using Multiplex Ligation-Dependent Probe Amplification in a Health Population in Goiânia – Go
Authors: Pereira Lucas Carlos Gomes , Bérgamo Nádia Aparecida , Bicudo Lucilene Arilho , Tacon Jalsi Arruda , Gamba Bruno Faulin , Silveira-Lacerda Elisangela de Paula 
Published: August 2018

AbstractGenetic polymorphisms in glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) genes might influence the detoxification activities of the enzymes predisposing individuals to a lot of diseases. Owing to the presence of these genetic variants, inter-individual and ethnic differences in GSTs detoxification capacity have been observed in various populations. Therefore, the present study was performed to determine GST variants in 100 healthy individuals from Goiânia – GO with a new methodology. GSTM1, GSTT1 and GSTP1 variants were analyzed by a MPLA (Multiplex Ligation by Probe Amplification) approach. The results obtained for the GSTM1 gene in exon 3 we found 43 deletions and 24 duplications, for exon 5 we found 45 deletions and 11 duplications, for the GSTT1 gene in exon 1 we found 14 deletions, and 18 duplications, for exon 5 we found 23 deletions and 28 duplications. For the GSTP1 gene in exon 3, we found only 1 deletion and for exon 4 we do not found any alteration. These findings in healthy population, give us such more information for the future epidemiological and clinical studies. Using to examine the effect of these combinations in drugs metabolism and cancer predisposition, further largest group would be needed, since their frequencies are quite low. To our of GSTs variations, this is the first study with this methodology indicating the frequencies of genetic variants of GST superfamily in a health population in a Goiânia population, and this study gives us new possibilities and data for new research using this same methodology.
Mating system ofUstilago esculentaand its polymorphism
Authors: Liang Syun-Wun , Huang Yen-Hua , Chiu Jian-Ying , Tseng Hsin-Wan , Haung Jin-Hsing , Shen Wei-Chiang 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACTZizania latifoliaTurcz., which is mainly distributed in Asia, has had a long cultivation history as a cereal and vegetable crop. On infection with the smut fungusUstilago esculenta, Z. latifoliabecomes an edible vegetable, water bamboo. Two main cultivars, with a green shell and red shell, are cultivated for commercial production in Taiwan. Previous studies indicated that cultivars ofZ. latifoliamay be related to infection withU. esculentaisolates. However, related research is limited. The infection process of the corn smut fungusUstilago maydisis coupled with sexual development and under control of the mating type locus. Thus, we aimed to use knowledge ofU. maydisto reveal the mating system ofU. esculenta. We collected water bamboo and isolated 145U. esculentastrains from Taiwan’s major production areas. By using PCR and idiomorph screening among meiotic offspring and field isolates, we identified three idiomorphs of the mating type locus and found no sequence recombination between them. Whole-genome sequencing (Illumina and Pacbio) suggested that the mating system ofU. esculentawas bipolar. Mating type locus 1 (MAT-1) was 555,862 bp, and contained 44% repeated sequences. Sequence comparison revealed thatU. esculenta MAT-1shared better conservation with the sex chromosome ofU. maydisthanU. hordei. These results can be utilized to further explore the genomic diversity ofU. esculentaisolates and their application for water bamboo breeding.
Mycobacteria-specific CD4+IFN-γ+ cell expresses naïve-surface markers and confers superior protection against tuberculosis infection compared to central and effector memory CD4+ T cell subsets
Authors: Yuan Jinyun , Tenant Janice , Pacatte Thomas , Eickhoff Christopher , Blazevic Azra , Hoft Daniel F. , Chatterjee Soumya 
Published: August 2018

AbstractFailure of the most recent tuberculosis (TB) vaccine trial to boost BCG mediated anti-TB immunity despite highly durable Th1-specific central (TCM) and effector (TEM) memory cell responses, highlights the importance of identifying optimal T cell targets for protective vaccines. Here we describe a novel, Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb)-specific IFN-γ+CD4+ T cell population expressing surface markers characteristic of naïve T cells (TNLM), that were induced in both human (CD45RA+CCR7+CD27+CD95-) and murine (CD62L+CD44-Sca-1+CD122-) systems in response to mycobacteria. In BCG vaccinated subjects and those with latent TB infection, TNLM cells, compared to bonafide naïve CD4+ T cells were identified by absence of CD95 expression and had increased expression CCR7 and CD27, the activation markers T-bet, CD69 and PD-1 and the survival marker CD74. Increased TNLM frequencies were noted in the lung and spleen of wild type C57BL6 mice at 2 weeks after infection with Mtb, and progressively decreased at later time points, a pattern not seen in TNF-α+CD4+ T cells expressing naïve cell surface markers. Importantly, adoptive transfer of highly purified TNLM from vaccinated ESAT-61-20-specific TCR transgenic mice conferred superior protection against Mtb infection in Rag-/- mice when compared with total meory populations (central and effector memory cells). Thus, TNLM cells may represent a memory T cell population that if optimally targeted may significantly improve future TB vaccine responses.