bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Floral volatiles and visitors: A meta‐network of associations in a natural community
Authors: Kantsa Aphrodite , Raguso Robert A. , Lekkas Themistokles , Kalantzi Olga‐Ioanna , Petanidou Theodora 
Published: April 2019

Abstract

Chemosensory communication between flowers and pollinators is a fundamental component of terrestrial biodiversity, given the importance of olfaction to foraging animals. In this respect, exploring chemically mediated interspecific interactions in natural assemblies may provide novel insights into the ecofunctional significance of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) for plant–insect co‐evolution. However, multispecies datasets of associations between plant semiochemicals and arthropods are still very rare and tend to lack community context. Here, we present the first insect–floral VOC meta‐network using plant–pollinator visitation data and the plants’ floral scent blends, collected in a Mediterranean scrubland.

We assembled the insect–VOC meta‐network by substituting each plant species in the plant–pollinator network with the blend of VOCs it emits. Furthermore, we identified the modules of the network that is the most densely connected insect–VOC groups. After describing the role of the species in the network, we focused on the bees of the community, and by building phylogenetically informed GLS models, we found the species traits predicting the degree of chemical specialization.

Modularity analysis of the meta‐network revealed tight associations between several classes of VOCs and pollinator groups. Linkage patterns suggest positive associations between (a) Megachilidae bees and sesquiterpenes, (b) Apidae and Andrenidae bees and benzenoids/phenylpropanoids, and (c) wasps, C6 green‐leaf volatiles and specific terpenoids. Benzenoids were found to be the least influential and most specialized chemical class in the community, whereas sesquiterpenes represented the most influential one. Furthermore, the degree of chemical generalization of the bees in the meta‐network was significantly associated with their ecological generalization, body mass and phenology, whereas their contribution to the network's structure was related to their level of sociality.

Synthesis. Our findings help to disclose the ecofunctional significance of the floral volatile landscape and contribute novel testable hypotheses on the behavioural trends and chemical niches of pollinators in a natural community. The insect–volatilome meta‐network is thus shown to be advantageous for detecting and visualizing patterns of chemically mediated interspecific interactions. Given the ubiquity of chemosensory biocommunication, our approach can be applied for investigating various types of ecological interactions in community contexts.
‘Man of the Mountain’: Seeing Jefferson at Monticello
Authors: Tietze Larson Victoria S. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractJefferson's ‘retirement’ at Monticello – built, exceptionally for a Virginia plantation house, on top of a mountain – provided the requisite audience for a carefully fashioned self‐image. Its inspiration lay in classical descriptions of country living and mountain‐top villas, which had been appropriated by eighteenth‐century polite literature as part of the imaginary of the British landed gentleman. Although conceived as part of a process of righteous self‐distancing from Europe, Jefferson's retirement nevertheless situated him in a cosmopolitan, elite and genteel company, a fact that complicated his quest to meet republican ideals.
Precipitation and prey abundance influence food habits of an invasive carnivore
Authors: Parsons Mitchell A. , Bridges Andrew S. , Biteman Daniel S. , Garcelon David K. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractInvasive predators threaten biodiversity worldwide, and generalist invasive predators are often more successful due to their broad diets. Predation patterns can be influenced by prey abundance, prey preference, and climate, and understanding these relationships is integral to conserving native prey species. We examined stomach contents of 2882 feral cats Felis catus from San Clemente Island, California, to assess how their diets varied annually and seasonally, and how precipitation and prey abundance influenced predation patterns. Rodents were found in 95% (n = 2589) of stomachs containing prey. The endemic San Clemente deer mouse Peromyscus maniculatus clementis was the most prevalent prey species and was found in 85% (n = 2589) of stomachs containing prey. Consumption of rodents, lizards, and birds varied annually. In years following dry winters, consumption of rodents decreased and consumption of lizards increased. This had a particularly strong effect on endemic night lizards Xantusia riversiana reticulata with 20.4% (n = 1952) of non‐empty cat stomachs containing night lizards following normal years, and 43.7% (n = 602) following dry years. Consumption of rodents peaked in fall, while consumption of lizards and birds peaked in spring. Using rodenticide removed from bait stations as an index of rodent abundance, we found a positive correlation between bait removal and the number of rodents consumed by cats, and a negative correlation between bait removal and the number of lizards consumed by cats. These results suggest that feral cats use rodents as primary prey and lizards as secondary prey, particularly during droughts when rodent abundance is low. Understanding how weather patterns affect invasive species predation patterns will help conservation biologists predict and manage for the effects of invasive species as climate change continues. Furthermore, identifying and quantifying diet pattern seasonality can help managers identify times when sensitive species are vulnerable and plan interventions accordingly.
Parvalbumin‐immunoreactive cells in the olfactory bulb of the pigeon: Comparison with the rat
Authors: Lee Tae‐Kyeong , Park Joon Ha , Ahn Ji Hyeon , Park Young Eun , Park Cheol Woo , Lee Jae‐Chul , Choi Jung Hoon , Hwang In Koo , Kim Sunhyo , Shim Jaeho , Go Seokmin , Lee Eunji , Seo Kangmoon , Won Moo‐Ho 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe olfactory bulb (OB) shows special characteristics in its phylogenetic cortical structure and synaptic pattern. In the OB, gamma‐aminobutyric acid (GABA), as an inhibitory neurotransmitter, is secreted from GABAergic neurons which contain parvalbumin (a calcium‐binding protein). Many studies on the distribution of parvalbumin‐immunoreactive neurons in the rodent OB have been published but poorly reported in the avian OB. Therefore, in this study, we compared the structure of the OB and distribution of parvalbumin‐immunoreactive neurons in the OB between the rat and pigeon using cresyl violet staining and immunohistochemistry for parvalbumin, respectively. Fundamentally, the pigeon OB showed layers like those of the rat OB; however, some layers were not clear like in the rat OB. Parvalbumin‐immunoreactive neurons in the pigeon OB were predominantly distributed in the external plexiform layer like that in the rat OB; however, the neurons did not have long processes like those in the rat. Furthermore, parvalbumin‐immunoreactive fibres were abundant in some layers; this finding was not shown in the rat OB. In brief, parvalbumin‐immunoreactive neurons were found like those in the rat OB; however, parvalbumin‐immunoreactive fibres were significantly abundant in the pigeon OB compared to those in the rat OB.
Cutaneous melanoma in patients from western Mexico: Clinical pathology characteristics and their relationship to prognosis
Authors: Pérez‐Aldrete Berenice Monserratt , Matildes‐Mariscal Jessica Berenice , Gómez‐Padilla Frania , Guevara‐Gutiérrez Elizabeth , Barrientos‐García Juan Gabriel , Hernández‐Peralta Sarah Lizette , Tlacuilo‐Parra Alberto 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackground/ObjectiveMelanoma is the third most frequent malignant neoplasm in skin. The majority of information available comes from studies performed in Caucasian populations. Our objective was to investigate the clinico‐pathological characteristics in Mexican patients with cutaneous melanoma and the relationship these characteristics had to prognosis.MethodsA retrospective study included patients with a histopathological diagnosis of melanoma who were attended at a tertiary level Dermatology Institute over a 10‐year period. Age, gender, anatomical location; histopathological subtype, Breslow thickness, Clark level; presence of ulceration, metastasis, anatomical–pathological stage and survival were investigated. To assess the data, descriptive statistics, chi‐squared or the Fisher exact test and Kaplan–Meier curves were used.ResultsThere were 323 patients included. The overall survival rate was 77% with an average follow‐up of 7 years. The lowest survival was statistically related to the following: higher age (>65 years), localisation in palms/soles, histopathological nodular subtype, presence of ulceration, Breslow thickness >4.0 mm, Clark level V, the presence of metastasis and stage IV disease.ConclusionsOur results relay the characteristics and prognosis of patients with the diagnosis of cutaneous melanoma in western Mexico.
Correlations between mitochondrial respiration activity and residual feed intake after divergent genetic selection for high‐ and low‐ oxygen consumption in mice
Authors: Darhan Hongyu , Zoda Atsushi , Kikusato Motoi , Toyomizu Masaaki , Katoh Kazuo , Roh Sang‐gun , Ogawa Shinichiro , Uemoto Yoshinobu , Satoh Masahiro , Suzuki Keiichi 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe aims of the present study were to identify the differences between two mouse lines (high (H)‐ and low (L)‐oxygen consumption) in terms of mitochondrial respiratory activity when GMP (glutamate, malate, and pyruvate) and succinic acid are used as substrates and to examine the relationship between mitochondrial respiration activity and feed efficiency in both lines. The average daily feed intake, feed conversion ratio (FCR), and residual feed intake (RFI) were significantly higher in the H than the L line. The correlation between FCR and RFI was significant (r = 0.60, p < 0.05). RFI was effective as an indicator of feed efficiency. When succinic acid was used as a substrate, mitochondrial respiration states 2–4, ACR, and proton leak were significantly higher in the H than the L line. When GMP was used as a substrate, respiration states 3 and 4 in the H line were significantly higher than those in the L line, and there were significant positive correlations between FCR and RFI and mitochondrial respiration states 2–4. The results indicated that selection for high or low OC changed the basal metabolic rates estimated from liver mitochondrial respiration activity and feed efficiency.
The home visit in child protection social work: Emotion as resource and risk for professional judgement and practice
Authors: Cook Laura L. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThis article conceptualises the role of emotion in social work home visits. It draws on findings from a qualitative study of initial child protection home visits in the United Kingdom. The research used narrative interviews and focus groups to examine how emotions arising from visits were registered in social workers' narratives. These visits were often challenging; social workers needed to manage their own emotions and those of the family, while at the same time investigating concerns and assessing need. This article identifies seven key emotional experiences associated with the home visit from the perspective of the social worker: going into the unknown; being intrusive; being disliked; fear of harm to self; fear of causing or allowing harm; pain, disgust, and distress; and “absorbing” emotion. It is argued that emotion plays a central role in home visiting and that professionals' emotional responses have important implications for the way they make sense of, and manage, home visits. Emotion is therefore conceptualized as both a potential resource and risk for social workers' professional judgement and practice.
Efficient Parcel Delivery by Predicting Customers’ Locations*
Authors: Praet Stiene , Martens David 
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACTAn important aspect of the growing e‐commerce sector involves the delivery of tangible goods to the end customer, the so‐called last mile. This final stage of the logistics chain remains highly inefficient due to the problem of failed deliveries. To address this problem, delivery service providers can apply data science to determine the optimal, customer‐centered location and time window for handover. In this article, we present a three‐step approach for location prediction, based on mobile location data, in order to support delivery planning. The first step is identifying a user's locations of interest through density‐based clustering. Next, the semantics (home or work) of the user's locations of interest are discovered, based on temporal assumptions. Finally, we predict future locations with a decision tree model that is trained on each user's historical location data. Though the problem of location prediction is not new, this work is the first to apply it to the field of parcel delivery with its corresponding implications. Moreover, we provide a novel and detailed evaluation on real‐world data from a parcel delivery service. The promising results indicate that our approach has the potential to help delivery service providers to gain insights into their customers’ optimal delivery time and location in order to support delivery planning. Eventually this will decrease last‐mile delivery costs and boost customer satisfaction.
Ceramic molds suitable for rapid forming of CFRP composites via microwave irradiation
Authors: Shimamoto Daisuke , Sato Kimiyasu , Sugimoto Yoshiki , Hotta Yuji 
Published: April 2019

AbstractCarbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) composites have been considered quite eminent structural materials. For more extensive applications, however, more rapid forming methods of the CFRP composites are required. As for CFRP composites with thermoplastic matrices, microwave heating and pressing with ceramic molds should be promising. In the present work, zirconia molds with varied thermal conductivity were employed to give a desired shape to the CFRP composites heated with microwave irradiation. Experimental results showed that use of the zirconia molds with smaller thermal conductivity results in shorter necessary time for the forming process. Mechanism of the notable change in the heating efficiency is discussed as well.
89Sr‐doped hydroxyapatite nanoparticles as a potential therapeutic agent for bone tumors
Authors: de Rezende Michele R. , Andrade Gracielle F. , Cipreste Marcelo F. , Miranda Marcelo C. , Gomes Dawidson A. , de Barros Correia Menezes Maria Â. , de Sousa Edésia M. B. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractHydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles have been studied due to their high biocompatibility, similarity with bone tissue, and their capacity for bone regeneration since these nanoparticles can easily adhere on osteosarcoma and osteoblast cells, promoting osteoblast growth and osteosarcoma cell uptake. These materials may still accumulate spontaneously and selectively in regions of bone tumors through the enhanced permeability and retention effect. HA also allows the incorporation of strontium in your network. Strontium as a biochemical analog of calcium can maintain the osteogenesis characteristics of HA allowing the production of the radioactive isotopes strontium‐89 and phosphorus‐32 through neutron irradiation. These radioisotopes are beta emitters that enable the treatment of bone tumors, while the affected region is regenerated. In this work, we investigated the synthesis of strontium‐doped HA nanorods through the hydrothermal coprecipitation method as a potential therapeutic agent for bone tumors. All materials were successfully obtained and demonstrated high cell viability, maintaining the osteogenic capacity, making these materials promising agents for the specific treatment of bone tumors. The results indicate that the Sr provides an increase in therapeutic potential due to its beta emission.
The diagnostic ability of high‐fluorescent cells combined with carcinoembryonic antigen for malignant pleural effusion
Authors: Wu Wenjing , Zhao Chedong , Shen Tao , Tong Xiaoning , Chen Wei 
Published: April 2019

AbstractIntroductionHigh‐fluorescent cells (HFCs) that are detected with an automated hematology analyzer may be useful for the detection of tumor cells; however, the diagnostic ability of HFCs for differentiating malignant pleural effusion is limited. The aim of this study was to investigate the diagnostic value of the combined detection of HFCs with the tumor marker carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) for the identification of malignant hydrothorax.MethodsA total of 115 pleural effusions were collected. HFCs, including the relative counts (HF‐BF%) and absolute counts (HF‐BF#), were analyzed using the BF mode of a Sysmex XN9000 hematology analyzer. Simultaneously, the CEA level from the same patient was measured by an electrochemiluminescence method. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was employed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of HFCs separately or combined with CEA analysis for malignant diseases.ResultsThe levels of HF‐BF#, HF‐BF%, and CEA in the malignant effusion group were significantly higher than those in the benign control group. The diagnostic value of the HF‐BF# and HF‐BF% for malignant pleural effusion was low to moderate, and the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.663 and 0.715, respectively. The CEA detection showed a moderate diagnostic ability, and the AUC was 0.832. The AUC for the combined methods was 0.860 and 0.890, respectively. The cutoff levels of the HF‐BF#, HF‐BF%, and CEA levels were 29.5 × 106/L, 5.6/100 WBC, and 4.795 ng/mL, respectively.ConclusionsThe combined detection of high‐fluorescent cells with the BF mode and CEA testing may be a good indication for malignancy.
The Urological Association of Asia clinical guideline for urinary stone disease
Authors: Taguchi Kazumi , Cho Sung Yong , Ng Anthony CF , Usawachintachit Manint , Tan Yung‐Khan , Deng Yao Liang , Shen Cheng‐Huang , Gyawali Prem , Alenezi Husain , Basiri Abbas , Bou Sopheap , Djojodemedjo Tarmono , Sarica Kemal , Shi Lei , Singam Praveen , Singh Shrawan Kumar , Yasui Takahiro 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe Urological Association of Asia, consisting of 25 member associations and one affiliated member since its foundation in 1990, has planned to develop Asian guidelines for all urological fields. The field of stone diseases is the third of its guideline projects. Because of the different climates, and social, economic and ethnic environments, the clinical practice for urinary stone diseases widely varies among the Asian countries. The committee members of the Urological Association of Asia on the clinical guidelines for urinary stone disease carried out a surveillance study to better understand the diversity of the treatment strategy among different regions and subsequent systematic literature review through PubMed and MEDLINE database between 1966 and 2017. Levels of evidence and grades of recommendation for each management were decided according to the relevant strategy. Each clinical question and answer were thoroughly reviewed and discussed by all committee members and their colleagues, with suggestions from expert representatives of the American Urological Association and European Association of Urology. However, we focused on the pragmatic care of patients and our own evidence throughout Asia, which included recent surgical trends, such as miniaturized percutaneous nephrolithotomy and endoscopic combined intrarenal surgery. This guideline covers all fields of stone diseases, from etiology to recurrence prevention. Here, we present a short summary of the first version of the guideline – consisting 43 clinical questions – and overview its key practical issues.
Factors influencing fear of cancer recurrence in patients with breast cancer: Evidence from a survey in Yancheng, China
Authors: Niu Lishu , Liang Yongchun , Niu Meie 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAimTo identify the characteristics of fear of cancer recurrence (FCR) in breast cancer patients after surgery and investigate the relationship of FCR with demographic and medical characteristics, quality of life (QOL) and social support.MethodsThe short version of the Fear of Progression Questionnaire (FoP‐Q‐SF), the functional assessment of cancer therapy for breast cancer (FACT‐B) and the Social Support Rating Scale were administered to the 342 breast cancer patients who had undergone surgical treatment. The analysis was performed to determine potential predictors associated with FCR.ResultsOf the 465 patients, 342 (73.5%) agreed to take part in the study. The mean age of participants was 51.46 ± 10.50 years (range, 30–81). Of the 342 participants, 92 (26.9%) cases were at Stage I, 131 (38.3%) cases at Stage II, 34 (9.9%) patients at Stage III and 85 (24.9%) patients at Stage IV. Among the 12 items of the FoP‐Q‐SF, the three greatest fears were: Item 10 ‘Worrying that medications could damage the body’, Item 1 ‘Being afraid of disease progression’ and Item 2 ‘Being nervous prior to doctors’ appointments or periodic examinations’. About 68.4% of patients reported the dysfunctional level of fear of progression. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that religious belief, family income, disease stages, social support, QOL were identified as independent predictors for FCR.ConclusionWe found that FCR is prevalent in postoperative breast cancer patients, and is influenced by many factors. It is necessary to implement positive intervention measures to alleviate the FCR and improve the QOL of patients.
Effect of School Services on Academic Performance After Traumatic Brain Injury in Hispanic and Non‐Hispanic Students
Authors: Jimenez Nathalia , Virtue Alyssa , Segar Karen , Stoep Ann Vander , Rivara Frederick P. 
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDSchool reintegration after traumatic brain injuries (TBI) requires school support; however, implementation of services is complex. This study evaluates disparities in receipt of school services for Hispanic children and its effect on academic performance.METHODSSecondary analyses of school data on receipt of pre‐ and post‐TBI school services. A logistic regression compared receipt of services between Hispanic and non‐Hispanic white (NHW) children, and a linear regression evaluated services' effect on academic performance.RESULTSThe study includes 419 children; 46 Hispanic, 373 NHW. For NHW children there were no differences in receipt of pre‐ and post‐TBI services; Hispanic children had significant increase in receipt of services from 5% to 27% (p < .001). Compared to NHWs, Hispanics had lower grade point average (GPA) at baseline (2.3 [confidence interval, CI: 1.9‐2.7] vs 2.9 [CI: 2.8‐3.0]). No differences in GPA were found between groups after injury among students who received post‐TBI services.CONCLUSIONSStudents who receive post‐TBI school services benefit academically. NHW students maintain their academic performance and Hispanics increase their performance to their NHW peers' level. This highlights the importance of providing post‐TBI school services to ensure better outcomes for all children.