bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hemodiyaliz Hastalarının Serum Çinko Düzeyleri ile Hematolojik Parametreleri Arasındaki İlişki
Authors: Yurtdaş Gamze , Karabudak Efsun , Mandıroğlu Fahri 
Published: January 2019

Amaç: Çinko, eritroid serisine spesifik gen ekspresyonunu modüle ederek eritroid hücre büyümesinde önemli bir regülatör görevi görmekte, hematopoietik kök hücrelerin ve megakaryositlerin seri gelişiminde potansiyel bir rol alarak normal eritropoez sağlamaktadır. Çinko eksikliğinin hemoglobin biyosentezini etkileyerek anemiye yol açtığı bildirilmiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, hemodiyaliz hastalarının serum çinko düzeyleri ile hematolojik parametreleri arasındaki ilişkiyi değerlendirmektir.
Bireyler ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya yaşları 19-65 yıl arasında değişen özel bir diyaliz merkezinde haftada üç gün diyalize giren 36’sı erkek 29’u kadın toplam 65 yetişkin gönüllü hasta alınmıştır. Hastalara yüz yüze görüşme yöntemi ile genel bilgileri, sağlık bilgilerini içeren anket formu uygulanmış ve hastaların son üç aya ait biyokimyasal parametreleri dosyalarından alınarak kaydedilmiştir. Hastaların bir diyaliz günü-bir diyaliz dışı gün ve bir hafta sonu olmak üzere üç günlük besin tüketim kayıtları alınmıştır. Serum çinko analizi için hastalardan en az 8 saatlik açlık sonrası 10 mL kan örnekleri hemodiyaliz hemşiresi tarafından alınmıştır. Serum çinko analizi Selçuk Üniversitesi İleri Teknoloji Uygulama Laboratuvarı’nda ICP-MS (Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry) tekniği ile Perkin Elmer marka cihazda yapılmıştır.
Bulgular: Serum çinko düzeyinin ortanca ve persentil aralığı (IQR) değerleri sırasıyla erkeklerde 106.7 ve 46.9 μg/dL kadınlarda ise 110.2 ve 48.6 μg/dL olarak bulunmuştur (p>0.05). Hastaların serum çinko düzeyleri ile hemoglobin (r=0.344, p=0.005), hematokrit (r=0.336, p=0.006), total demir bağlama kapasitesi (r=0.302, p=0.014) düzeyleri arasında pozitif yönde ilişki bulunmuştur. Serum çinko düzeyleri ile serum demir (r=0.072, p=0.567) ve serum ferritin (r=0.073, p=0.552) düzeyleri arasında ilişki saptanmamıştır. Hastaların serum çinko düzeyleri ile diyetle demir alımı (r=-0.030, p=0.810) arasında ilişki bulunmamıştır.
Sonuç: Hemodiyaliz hastalarında serum çinko düzeyleri ile bazı hematolojik parametreler arasında korelasyon olması, serum çinko düzeyinin bu hastalarda sıklıkla görülen anemi ile ilişkili olabileceğini düşündürmektedir.
دراسة أحصائية حول تقدير المساحة المزروعة لمحصول الشلب في محافظة النجف
Authors: علوان اقبال محمود 
Published: January 2019

تعتمد مديرية الاحصاء الزراعي في الجهاز المركزي للاحصاء في تقديرات انتاج المحاصيل الحقلية على اسلوب المعاينة العشوائية الطبقية وتستخدم في ذلك اسلوبين مختلفين من اساليب المسح الاسلوب الاول هو المسح بالعينة الخاضع للطرائق الموضوعية (Objective Methods) والاسلوب الثاني هو اسلوب العد الشامل (Complet enumerate). تم في هذا البحث ايجاد افضل الطرائق الممكنة لتقديرالمساحة المزروعة لمحصول الشلب واستخدمت في ذلك البيانات الخاصة بعام 2008 من خلال تقويم الاساليب المتبعة في المعاينة العشوائية الطبقية، ودراسة الاسس المتبعة وفق المعاينة العشوائية الطبقية وبأستخدام أنواع مختلفة من مقدرات المعاينة، تمت المقارنة بين تباين متوسط المعاينة العشوائية البسيطة، تباين متوسط المعاينة العشوائية الطبقية وتباين متوسط مقدر الانحدار المنفصل وبينت نتائج المقارنة بعد التطبيق أن أساليب التقدير لمقدر ألانحدار المنفصل تعطي أفضل التقديرات لأنها تحقق أقل تباين، ولغرض الحصول على أفضل تقسيم لطبقات المعاينة العشوائية الطبقية فقد أستخدمت طريقة cum.f4/5 التقريبية في تعيين لاحدود المثلى للطبقات وتم وضع تقسيمات طبقية جديدة بموجبها,تم حساب تباين متوسط المعاينة الطبقية وفق التقسيمات الطبقية الجديدة وبالمقارنة مع التقسيم المتبع حالياًً في الجهاز المركزي للأحصاء فأن الطبقات الجديدة أدت الى تقليل التباين بشكل كبير وواضح. تم أيضاً تقدير الوسط الحسابي الطبقي بطريقة الانحدار المنفصل لمحصول الشلب ومقارنته مع التقدير الحقيقي للمجتمع (النهائي) بأستخدام اختبار 2χ
تقدير الحجم الجزئي للسكان باستخدام طريقة (دراسة تطبيقية لتقدير اعداد متعاطي الحبوب المخدرة في مدينة بغداد)
Authors: نايف قنيبة نبيل , خلف حسين حميد 
Published: January 2019

يهدف البحث الى تقدير المجموعات السكانية الجزئية ولا سيما الصعب الوصول اليها وهي دراسة ميدانية لتقدير اعداد المتعاطين للحبوب المخدرة خارج الاطار الطبي في محافظة بغداد لفئة الذكور من عمر 15 الى 60 سنة ، وبسبب عدم وجود بيانات معتمدة من قبل المؤسسات الحكومية وكذلك لصعوبة تقدير اعداد هؤلاء الاشخاص عن الطريق المسوحات التقليدية والتي يعبر فيها المستجيب عن نفسه أو افراد اسرته في بعض الاحيان ، وفي ظل هذه التحديات فقد استخدمت طريقة NSUM في طريقة التقدير والتي هي بالاساس تعتمد على الاستفسار من المستجيبين عن عدد الاشخاص الذين يعرفهم ضمن شبكة معرفته ممن يتعاطون الحبوب المخدرة .
وانطلاقا من هذا المبدأ تم تصميم استبانة احصائية تضم اسئلة عن مجاميع سكانية معروفة العدد واسئلة اخرى تخص المجتمع المستهدف والذين تمت مقابلتهم او مقابلة ذويهم في مستشفى ابن رشد التعليمي في بغداد بواقع 104 شخص للمدة من نيسان الى حزيران لعام 2017 .
ولغرض استخراج المؤشرات تم استخدام الحزمة الاحصائية ضمن برنامج ، فأولا يتم تقدير حجم الشبكة الشخصية والتي تأتي من خلال الاعتماد على المجاميع المعروفة العدد والتي يبلغ عددها 20 مجموعة وعند اجراء التقدير الراجع لتلك المجموعات يتم حذف المجموعات التي يكون تقديرها بعيد جدا عن القيمة الحقيقية وهنا سوف يتم استخدام 3 اساليب لغرض حذف المجاميع ذات التقديرات الضعيفة وهي اسلوب الحذف المباشر واسلوب التشذيب والاسلوب المتناوب وقد تبين ان هناك 8 مجموعات كانت تقديرها ضعيف وهذا يعني سيتم الاعتماد على 12 مجموعة لتقدير اعداد المتعاطين والبالغ عددهم (33183 ) شخصاً من بينهم (6,636)شخصاً لم يتجاوزوا 18 عاماً من اعمارهم.
استعمال بعض الخوارزميات الاحصائية في التقطيع الصوري لصور الاقمار الصناعية
Authors: الراوي اسماء غالب , عبدالودود محمد 
Published: January 2019

المستخلص :
شهدت تطبيقات الاستشعار عن بعد اهتماما كبيرا في السنوات الاخيرة لما توفر من مزايا وامكانيات عديدة في اقل وقت وجهد ممكنين والاقمار الصناعية هي احدى تطبيقات هذا المفهوم والتي بدورها تزودنا بصور فضائية متعددة الاطياف، تسمح لنا بدراسة مشاكل عديدة مثل التغير في النظام البيئي او الغطاء النباتي لسطح الارض وتوضح التنوع البايولوجي للمناطق المدروسة عبر عرض المناطق المختلفة للمشهد المأخوذ كلا بحسب الطول الموجة المميز له، واسلوب العتبة عبارة عن عملية تقطيع صوري شائعة الاستخدام في تطبيقات المعالجة الصورية اذ تسعى الى ايجاد صور احادية من صورة رمادية عبر تجزء هذه الصور الى منطقتين امامية وخلفية بالاعتماد على مستوى شدة العناصر الصورية المكونة للصور المدروسة بهدف التقليل من الزيغ والتشويه في هذه الصور وايضا يفصل فيها الهدف المدروس عن بقية ملامح المشهد تحت الدراسة، لذا يهدف هذا البحث الى استخدام عدد من اساليب العتبة لغرض توضيح مدى اهمية هذا المفهوم في المعالجة الصورية وايضا اقترحنا عدة اساليب تعتيب احصائية جديدة ومن ثم المقارنة بين الاساليب المستخدمة وقد تم التوصل الى افضلية الاساليب المقترحة على الاساليب المعتمدة من خلال التطبيق على صورة فضائية متعددة اطياف مأخوذة لمنطقة في غرب العراق تتميز بتنوعها البيئي لذا تعد نموذجا جيدا للدراسة.
Frailty as a Predictor of Falls in HIV-Infected and Uninfected Women
Authors: Sharma Anjali , Hoover Donald R , Shi Qiuhu , Gustafson Deborah R , Plankey Michael W , Tien Phyllis C , Weber Kathleen M , Yin Michael T 
Published: January 2019

Background Frailty and falls occur commonly and prematurely in HIV-infected populations. Whether frailty in middle-age predicts future falls among HIV-infected women is unknown. Methods We evaluated associations of frailty with single and recurrent falls 10 years later among 729 HIV-infected and 326 uninfected women in the Women's Interagency HIV Study (WIHS) with frailty measured in 2005 and self-reported falls in 2014–2016. Frailty was defined as ≥3 of 5 Fried Frailty Index components: slow gait, reduced grip strength, exhaustion, unintentional weight loss and low physical activity. Stepwise logistic regression models determined odds of single (versus 0) or recurrent falls (≥2 versus 0) during the 2-year period; separate models evaluated frailty components. Results HIV-infected women were older (median 42 versus 39 years; P<0.0001) and more often frail (14% versus 9%; P=0.04) than uninfected women. Over 2 years, 40% of HIV-infected versus 39% of uninfected women reported a fall (single fall in 15% HIV+ versus 18% HIV-women; recurrent falls in 25% HIV+ versus 20% HIV-women [overall P=0.20]). In multivariate models, frailty independently predicted recurrent falls (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.84, 95% CI: 1.13, 2.97; P=0.01), but not a single fall. Among frailty components, unintentional weight loss independently predicted single fall (aOR 2.31, 95% CI: 1.28, 4.17; P=0.005); unintentional weight loss (aOR 2.26, 95% CI: 1.32, 3.86; P=0.003) and exhaustion (aOR 1.66, 95% CI: 1.10, 2.50; P=0.02) independently predicted recurrent falls. Conclusions Early frailty measurement among middle-aged women with or at-risk for HIV may be a useful tool to assess future fall risk.
Discovery of a new species of the genus Stygepactophanes from a groundwater-fed spring in southern France (Crustacea, Copepoda, Harpacticoida, Canthocamptidae)
Authors: Galassi Diana M.P. , Fiers Frank , Dole-Olivier Marie-Josè , Fiasca Barbara 
Published: January 2019

A new species of the genusStygepactophanesMoeschler &amp; Rouch, 1984 (Copepoda, Harpacticoida, Canthocamptidae) is established to accommodate a small canthocamptid population collected from a spring system in the “Parc du Mercantour”, Var catchment, southern France. The population analysed in the present study is defined by a set of morphological characters of the female, namely a very large maxilliped, a rudimentary mandibular palp, P1 with 3-segmented exopod and 2-segmented endopod, a falcate terminal claw of the P1 endopod, dorsal seta of caudal rami inserted on the inner margin, and anal operculum not overreaching the insertion of the caudal rami, thus supporting its assignment into the genusStygepactophanes. The new speciesStygepactophanesoccitanusshows marked differences with the nominotypical species of the genus that was originally described by monotypy with the speciesStygepactophanesjurassicusMoeschler &amp; Rouch, 1984. The main diagnostic traits ofS.jurassicusare the absence of the P5 and a falcate outer terminal claw of P1 endopod.Stygepactophanesjurassicusalso shows a reduced armature of the antennal exopod, bearing one seta, 1-segmented P2–P4 endopods, a reduced armature of P2–P4 exopodal segments 3 (3,4,4 armature elements, respectively), P6 bearing only one long seta, a rounded short and smooth anal operculum. Conversely the female ofS.occitanusGalassi &amp; Fiers,sp. n.has a well-developed P5, with rudimentary intercoxal sclerite, together with a falcate outer terminal claw of P1 endopod, antennal exopod bearing two elements, P4 endopod 1-segmented versus 2-segmented in P2–P3, P2–P4 exopodal segment 3 with five armature elements, P6 with three setae of different lengths, rounded anal operculum, bearing 3–4 strong spinules.According to our present knowledge,S.occitanusGalassi &amp; Fiers,sp. n.is assigned to the genusStygepactophanesas the most conservative solution, waiting for the male to be discovered. The genusStygepactophanesrepresents a distinct lineage within the harpacticoid family Canthocamptidae that colonised southern European groundwater, the genus being known only from the saturated karst in Switzerland and a fissured saturated aquifer in southern France. Both species of the genus are stygobites and narrow endemics, the nominotypical species being known from the type locality Source de la Doux in Délemont (Switzerland), andS.occitanusGalassi &amp; Fiers,sp. n.described herein from a spring system of the Var catchment (France).
Leadership: A Key Strategy in Staff Nurse Retention
Authors: Kleinman Carol S 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT
Nursing administrators are challenged to recruit and retain staff nurses in the midst of increasing job vacancies and staff nurse turnover rates averaging 21 %. The prevailing issues related to staff nurse recruitment and retention in the current healthcare environment are briefly reviewed as introductory content. The article outlines the case from nursing administration literature that effective leadership styles of nurse managers and nurse administrators enhance staff nurse retention. As nurse administrators continue to struggle with staff nurse recruitment and retention, evidenced-based strategies are discussed that address leader preparation and organizational leadership structure including advanced education, leadership training, and shared leadership models.
The Effects of Computer-Based Training on Immediate and Residual Learning of Nursing Facility Staff
Authors: Harrington Susan S , Walker Bonnie L 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT
Nursing facility administrators must find new and innovative ways to meet the training needs of their staff. In this article, researchers discuss the effectiveness of computer-based training compared with the traditional instructor-led format. The computer-based and instructor-led versions of a fire safety training program were presented to staff of nine nursing facilities. Participants (N = 1,294) were randomly assigned to the computer-based or instructor-led groups. Both groups significantly increased their scores from pretest to posttest. The computer-based group significantly outperformed the instructor-led group on the knowledge subtest at posttest. Participants reported that they enjoyed the computer-based training and had no difficulty using the computers. The researchers concluded that computer-based training can be an effective and efficient alternative training technique.
Discourse Analysis of Japanese “Black Companies”
Authors: Takahashi M. , Kimata A. , Teramoto N. , Ito S. , Nakamura T. 
Published: January 2019

Issues concerning Black Companies have been extensively discussed in Japan recently. This paper aims to understand how discourses on Black Companies have been constructed and altered within the Japanese social context. To achieve this, we conducted discourse analysis using the case of Dentsu Inc., focusing especially on the multi-levels of discourse and power relations. We find that the process of power emergence in Black Companies and of values relating to the ethic of hard work on the part of employees relate to three levels of discourse: micro-discourse, meso-discourse and macro-discourse. This paper contributes to discourse studies by establishing that one discourse emerges under the influence of other discourses. As a practical contribution, this finding will assist those struggling with injustices in their organisation by enabling them to change their difficult situations via involvement with various discourses.
Reliability of Fan-Out Wafer-Level Heterogeneous Integration
Authors: Lau John , Li Ming , Lei Yang , Li Margie , Xu Iris , Chen Tony , Yong Qing X. , Cheng Zhong , Kai Wu , Lo Penny , Li Zhang , Tan Kim H. , Cheung Yiu Ming , Fan Nelson , Kuah Eric , Xi Cao , Ran Jiang , Beica Rozalia , Lim Sze P. , Lee Ning Cheng , Ko Cheng-Ta , Yang Henry , Chen Yu-Hua , Tao Mian , Lo Jeffery , Lee Ricky 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
In this study, the reliability (thermal cycling and shock) performances of a fan-out wafer-level system-in-package (SiP) or heterogeneous integration with one large chip (5 × 5 mm), three small chips (3 ×3 mm), and four capacitors (0402) embedded in an epoxy molding compound package (10 × 10 mm) with two redistribution layers (RDLs) are experimentally determined. Emphasis is placed on the estimation of the Weibull life distribution, characteristic life, and failure rate of the solder joint and RDL of this package. The fan-out wafer-level packaging is assembled on a printed circuit board (PCB) with more than 400 (Sn3wt%Ag0.5wt%Cu) solder joints. It is a six-layer PCB. The sample sizes for the thermal cycling test and shock test are, respectively, equal to 60 and 24. The failure location and modes of the thermal cycling test and shock test of the fan-out wafer-level SiP solder joints and RDLs are provided and discussed. 3-D nonlinear finite element models are also constructed and analyzed for the fan-out heterogeneous integration package during thermal cycling and shock conditions. The simulation results are correlated to the experimental results. Finally, recommendations on improving the fan-out wafer-level SiP solder joints and RDLs under thermal and shock conditions are provided.
Screen Printing Fine Pitch Stretchable Silver Inks onto a Flexible Substrate for Wearable Applications
Authors: Pan Jianbiao , Keif Malcolm , Ledgerwood Joshua , Rong Xiaoying , Wang Xuan 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
This article presents the development and optimization of the screen printing process for printing stretchable silver ink onto a stretchable thermoplastic polyurethane substrate. A test vehicle was designed including 50 μm/5 mm (line width/line length) to 350 μm/35 mm lines (at four biases). A two-level factorial design with three replicates was selected to investigate the effect of process parameters on the quality of prints. We proposed calculated sheet resistance based on the measured resistance value, trace width, and trace length, which can replace trace height measurements on rough profile substrates. We found that squeegee pressure and emulsion thickness have statistically significant effects on calculated sheet resistance of print traces, whereas print speed does not have statistically significant effects. In our experiment setting levels, the lower the squeegee pressure, the lower the calculated sheet resistance that is achieved. The emulsion with higher emulsion over mesh (EOM) is better than the emulsion with lower EOM because it can achieve lower sheet resistance. After optimizing the screen printing process, we were able to print 100 μm (4 mils) trace width and spacing with high consistency.
Design, Materials, Process, and Fabrication of Fan-Out Panel-Level Heterogeneous Integration
Authors: Ko Cheng-Ta , Yang Henry , Lau John , Li Ming , Li Margie , Lin Curry , Lin J. W. , Chang Chieh-Lin , Pan Jhih-Yuan , Wu Hsing-Hui , Chen Yu-Hua , Chen Tony , Xu Iris , Lo Penny , Fan Nelson , Kuah Eric , Li Zhang , Tan Kim Hwee , Lin Chia-Hung , Beica Rozalia , Lin Marc , Xi Cao , Lim Sze Pei , Lee Ning Cheng , Tao Mian , Lo Jeffery , Lee Ricky 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
The design, materials, process, and fabrication of a heterogeneous integration of four chips by a fan-out panel-level packaging (FOPLP) method are investigated in this study. Emphasis is placed on (1) the application of a dry-film epoxy molding compound for molding the chips and (2) the application of a special assembly process called uni-substrate-integrated package for fabricating the redistribution layers (RDLs) of the FOPLP. The Ajinomoto build-up film is used as the dielectric of the RDLs and is built up by the semiadditive process. Electroless Cu is used to make the seed layer, laser direct imaging is used for opening the photoresist, and printed circuit board (PCB) Cu plating is used for making the conductor wiring of the RDLs. The panel dimensions are 508 × 508 mm. The package dimensions of the FOPLP are 10 × 10 mm. The large chip size and the small chip sizes are, respectively, 5 × 5 mm and 3 × 3 mm. The uniqueness of this study is that all the processes are carried out by using the PCB equipment.
DETECTION OF CALR MUTATIONS USING HIGH RESOLUTION MELTING CURVE ANALYSIS (HRM-A); APPLICATION ON A LARGE COHORT OF GREEK ET AND MF PATIENTS
Authors: Giannopoulos Andreas , Rougkala Niki , Loupis Theodoros , Mantzourani Marina , Viniou Nora-Athina , Variami Eleni , Vassilakopoulos Theodoros , Dryllis George , Kotsianidis Ioannis , Gougopoulou Theodora , Politou Marianna , Konstantopoulos Konstantinos , Vassilopoulos George 
Published: January 2019

Background and Objectives
Somatic mutations in the calreticulin gene (CALR) are detected in approximately 70% of patients with essential thrombocythemia (ET) and primary or secondary myelofibosis (MF), lacking the JAK2and MPLmutations. To determine the prevalence of CALRframeshift mutations in a population of MPN patients of Greek origin, we developed a rapid low-budget PCR-based assay and screened samples from 5 tertiary Haematology units. This is a first of its kind report of the Greek patient population that also disclosed novel CALRmutants.

Methods
MPN patient samples were collected from different clinical units and screened for JAK2and MPLmutations after informed consent was obtained. Negative samples were analyzed for the presence of CALRmutations. To this end, we developed a modified post Real Time PCR High Resolution Melting Curve analysis (HRM-A) protocol. Samples were subsequently confirmed by Sanger sequencing.

Results
Using this protocol we screened 173 MPN, JAK2and MPLmutation negative, patients of Greek origin, of whom 117 (67.63%) displayed a CALRexon 9 mutation. More specifically, mutations were detected in 90 out of 130 (69.23%) essential thrombocythaemia cases (ET), in 18 out of 33 (54.55%) primary myelofibrosis patients (pMF) and in 9 out of 10 (90%) cases of myelofibrosis secondary to ET (post-ET sMF). False positive results were not detected. The limit of detection (LoD) of our protocol was 2%. Furthermore, our study reavealed 6 rare novel mutations which are to be added in the COSMIC database.

Conclusions
Overall, our method could rapidly and cost-effectively detect the mutation status in a representative cohort of Greek patients; the mutation make-up in our group was not different from what has been published for other national groups.
Using Accelerometers to Record Postural Sway in Adolescents With Concussion: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Alkathiry Abdulaziz A. , Sparto Patrick J. , Freund Brin , Whitney Susan L. , Mucha Anne , Furman Joseph M. , Collins Michael W. , Kontos Anthony P. 
Published: January 2019

ObjectiveTo investigate the magnitude of postural sway induced by different balance tasks in adolescents with concussion and to examine the associations of postural sway with concussion symptoms.DesignCross-sectional study.Patients or Other ParticipantsFifty-six adolescents (20 girls, 36 boys) between 13 and 17 years of age who sustained a concussion within the past 44 days and were still symptomatic.Main Outcome Measure(s)Anterior-posterior postural sway was measured using an accelerometer attached to the participant's lower back while he or she performed 6 static-balance tasks that varied the visual input, type of surface, and foot stance. Participants self-reported symptoms that occurred at the time of the concussion (eg, dizziness, confusion, amnesia) as well as at the time of balance testing (eg, eye and head movement–induced dizziness).ResultsThe normalized path length of postural sway during the different balance tasks was greater with the eyes closed (mean = 19.3 mG/s) compared with the eyes open (mean = 12.4 mG/s; P &lt; .001). Furthermore, sway while standing with the feet together on a foam surface (mean = 17.9 mG/s) or while tandem standing on a firm surface (mean = 19.4 mG/s) was greater than sway while standing with the feet together on a firm surface (mean = 10.3 mG/s; P &lt; .001). Greater sway was associated with dizziness and confusion reported at the time of injury (P &lt; .05). Dizziness and headache symptoms at rest were positively correlated with sway (P &lt; .05).ConclusionsUsing accelerometers to measure postural sway during different challenging balance conditions in adolescents with concussion may provide an objective means of quantifying balance impairments in clinical environments. Furthermore, the association of these measurements with symptoms suggests a need to account for symptom severity at the time of testing.