bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of hyperphagia in Alzheimer’s disease: a meta‐analysis
Authors: Shea Yat‐Fung , Lee Shui‐Ching , Chu Leung‐Wing 
Published: February 2018

BackgroundUnlike other behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia, hyperphagia is less recognized among patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The prevalence of hyperphagia varies among studies, but there has been no systematic review or meta‐analysis.MethodsAn extensive search on the literature on hyperphagia in AD published between 1 January 1980 and 30 October 2017 was conducted. Data on the prevalence were retrieved. Meta‐analysis with a random effect model was performed to determine the pooled estimate of prevalence. Meta‐regression analysis was performed based on study characteristics, population demographics, or condition information.ResultsResults from 20 studies were extracted. Twenty‐six reported cases of hyperphagia were identified. The mean age of onset was 70.7 ± 8.9 years, with a male predominance (68.4%). Hyperphagia occurred in all stages of AD. Only eight studies reported the prevalence of hyperphagia. Meta‐analysis showed a pooled prevalence of hyperphagia of 18.6%. Publication bias may have been present. Meta‐regression showed that ethnicity accounted for the variance among studies (coefficient: −1.247 (95% confidence interval: −1.978 to −0.516), R2 analogue: 0.77, P < 0.001).ConclusionsHyperphagia occurs in all stages of AD. In this meta‐analysis of eight published studies, the prevalence of hyperphagia was 18.6%. In view of the possible publication bias, a large‐scale study on hyperphagia is recommended in the future.
Issue Proximity and Policy Response in Local Governments
Authors: Hughes Sara , Miller Runfola Daniel , Cormier Benjamin 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe policy choices of local governments are highly relevant today, but we know relatively little about how or when local governments choose to respond to a given issue and why this might vary between policy areas. A key variant for local governments is the proximity of policy issues: they are engaged in solving local, regional, and global problems. Using evidence from the United States on the policy issues of social inclusion, watershed management, and climate change, we demonstrate that the drivers of policy response vary with the proximity of the problem. When an issue is highly local, policy response is influenced by problem severity; when an issue is global, policy response is influenced by local political leanings; and when an issue is regional, policy response is driven by the actions of neighboring and state level governments. Local governments consider different factors and respond to different cues when engaging with different types of policy issues. Our findings provide a more nuanced understanding of sustainability policy adoption in local governments, and further our understanding of the domain‐contingent nature of policy response in local governments and the structuring role of problem proximity.
Surprise, Recipes for Surprise, and Social Influence
Authors: Loewenstein Jeffrey 
Published: February 2018

AbstractSurprising people can provide an opening for influencing them. Surprises garner attention, are arousing, are memorable, and can prompt shifts in understanding. Less noted is that, as a result, surprises can serve to persuade others by leading them to shifts in attitudes. Furthermore, because stories, pictures, and music can generate surprises and those can be widely shared, surprise can have broad social influence. People also tend to share surprising items with others, as anyone on social media has discovered. This means that in addition to broadcasting surprising information, surprising items can also spread through networks. The joint result is that surprise not only has individual effects on beliefs and attitudes but also collective effects on the content of culture. Items that generate surprise need not be random or accidental. There are predictable methods or recipes for generating surprise. One such recipe is discussed, the repetition‐break plot structure, to explore the psychological and social possibilities of examining surprise. Recipes for surprise offer a useful means for understanding how surprise works and offer prospects for harnessing surprise to a wide array of ends.
On the relationship between the breadth of preferential trading arrangements and trade flows
Authors: Falvey Rod , Foster‐McGregor Neil 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThis paper uses matching econometrics to extend the literature investigating the impact of preferential trading arrangements (PTAs) on goods trade flows. Heterogeneity in PTAs is accounted for through a “provision count index” derived from data provided in a recent World Bank study. PTA formation now involves two separate, sequential decisions—first, whether two trading partners should form a PTA, and second, if they do, how broad that agreement should be. We find our explanatory variables are significant for both decisions, but often have opposing effects on each. Using matched PTA and non‐PTA groups of country pairs, we estimate a dose–response function which indicates that arrangements with few provisions and arrangements with many provisions do not appear to have a significant impact on goods trade flows between their members. PTAs in an intermediate range are shown to have a significant positive effect. We then relate these outcomes to the actual content of the PTAs using the concept of “provision intensity.”
Corpus onomasiology in world Englishes and the concrete verbsmakeandgive
Authors: Mehl Seth 
Published: February 2018

AbstractTraditional theoretical frameworks for world Englishes (WEs) such as Moag's (1982) and Kachru's (1985) have not explicitly noted a role for lexical semantics. Schneider's (2007) dynamic model, however, explicitly defines specific phases of WE development in terms of lexical semantics, and Brutt‐Griffler's (2002) model emphasizes semantic change. This paper fills a gap in the literature by presenting corpus studies into the concrete senses of the highly frequent, highly polysemous transitive verbsmakeandgive, in the International Corpus of English (ICE) components representing Singapore, Hong Kong, and Great Britain. Via onomasiological corpus methods, I show that register differentiation for the alternation between Germanic, monosyllabic formsmakeandgiveand their Latinate, polysyllabic alternates is not as extensive in ICE‐HK as in ICE‐SIN and ICE‐GB. I interpret these findings in relation to the models of Brutt‐Griffler (2002), Schneider (2007), and Kachru (1985).
Complete Genome Sequences of Three Fish-Associated
Streptococcus agalactiae
Isolates
Authors: Jaglarz Anita , Gurgul Artur , Leigh William J. , Costa Janina Z. , Thompson Kim D. 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACT

The whole-genome sequences are described here for three group B
Streptococcus
(GBS) (
S. agalactiae
) serotype Ib isolates obtained from tilapia (
Oreochromis niloticus
) farmed at sites in Honduras, Costa Rica, and the United States. The bacteria were isolated from the brains of fish displaying signs of streptococcosis.
Draft Genome Sequence of
Burkholderia
sp. Strain WAC0059, a Bacterium Isolated from the Medicinal Fungus
Antrodia cinnamomea
Authors: Cho Shu-Ting , Chen Chia-Ling , Yang Yin , Wang Ting-Fang , Kuo Chih-Horng 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACT

Burkholderia
sp. strain WAC0059 was isolated from a fruiting body of the medicinal fungus
Antrodia cinnamomea
collected in Taiwan. Here, we report the draft genome sequence of this bacterium to facilitate the investigation of its biology.
Draft Genome Sequence of an Active Heterotrophic Nitrifier-Denitrifier,
Cupriavidus pauculus
UM1
Authors: Putonti Catherine , Polley Nathaniel , Castignetti Domenic 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACT

Here, we present the draft genome sequence of
Cupriavidus pauculus
UM1, a metal-resistant heterotrophic nitrifier-denitrifier capable of synthesizing nitrite from pyruvic oxime. The size of the genome is 7,402,815 bp with a GC content of 64.8%. This draft assembly consists of 38 scaffolds.
Complete Genome Sequence of a Novel Recombinant GII.P16-GII.1 Norovirus Associated with a Gastroenteritis Outbreak in Shandong Province, China, in 2017
Authors: Wang Chunrong , Ao Yuanyun , Yu Jiemei , Xie Xiaolu , Deng Hongyan , Jin Miao , Liu Lanzheng , Duan Zhaojun 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACT
We report here the complete genome sequence of a novel recombinant GII.P16-GII.1 norovirus identified from eight fecal samples collected during an acute gastroenteritis outbreak in Jinan, Shandong Province, China, in 2017. The virus had nucleotide identities of 99% and 91% in the ORF1 and ORF2 genes of related strains, respectively.
Complete Genome Sequence of the Novel Cellulolytic, Anaerobic, Thermophilic Bacterium
Herbivorax saccincola
Type Strain GGR1, Isolated from a Lab Scale Biogas Reactor as Established by Illumina and Nanopore MinION Sequencing
Authors: Pechtl Alexander , Rückert Christian , Maus Irena , Koeck Daniela E. , Trushina Nataliya , Kornberger Petra , Schwarz Wolfgang H. , Schlüter Andreas , Liebl Wolfgang , Zverlov Vladimir V. 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACT

The cellulolytic bacterium
Herbivorax saccincola
strain GGR1, which represents the type strain of this species, was isolated from the
in vivo
enriched cellulose-binding community of a lab scale thermophilic biogas reactor. Here, we report the complete genome sequence of
H. saccincola
GGR1
T
, the first isolated member of the genus
Herbivorax
.
Complete Genome Sequence of a Human Metapneumovirus Isolate Collected in Brazil
Authors: Di Paola Nicholas , Cunha Marielton dos Passos , Durigon Giuliana Stravinskas , Berezin Eitan Naaman , Durigon Edison , Oliveira Danielle Bruna Leal , Zanotto Paolo Marinho de Andrade 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACT
Here, we present the complete genome sequence of a human metapneumovirus isolate collected from a hospitalized infant suffering from acute respiratory disease. This is the first complete genome sequence of human metapneumovirus originating from Brazil.
Laser Adjuvant-Assisted Peptide Vaccine Promotes Skin Mobilization of Dendritic Cells and Enhances Protective CD8+TEMand TRMCell Responses against Herpesvirus Infection and Disease
Authors: Lopes Patricia P. , Todorov George , Pham Thanh T. , Nesburn Anthony B. , Bahraoui Elmostafa , BenMohamed Lbachir 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACTThere is an urgent need for chemical-free and biological-free safe adjuvants to enhance the immunogenicity of vaccines against widespread viral pathogens, such as herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2), that infect a large proportion of the world human population. In the present study, we investigated the safety, immunogenicity, and protective efficacy of a laser adjuvant-assisted peptide (LAP) vaccine in the B6 mouse model of genital herpes. This LAP vaccine and its laser-free peptide (LFP) vaccine analog contain the immunodominant HSV-2 glycoprotein B CD8+T cell epitope (HSV-gB498–505) covalently linked with the promiscuous glycoprotein D CD4+T helper cell epitope (HSV-gD49–89). Prior to intradermal delivery of the LAP vaccine, the lower-flank shaved skin of B6 or CD11c/eYFP transgenic mice received a topical skin treatment with 5% imiquimod cream and then was exposed for 60 s to a laser, using the FDA-approved nonablative diode. Compared to the LFP vaccine, the LAP vaccine (i) triggered mobilization of dendritic cells (DCs) in the skin, which formed small spots along the laser-treated areas, (ii) induced phenotypic and functional maturation of DCs, (iii) stimulated long-lasting HSV-specific effector memory CD8+T cells (TEMcells) and tissue-resident CD8+T cells (TRMcells) locally in the vaginal mucocutaneous tissues (VM), and (iv) induced protective immunity against genital herpes infection and disease. As an alternative to currently used conventional adjuvants, the chemical- and biological-free laser adjuvant offers a well-tolerated, simple-to-produce method to enhance mass vaccination for widespread viral infections.IMPORTANCEHerpes simplex viruses 1 and 2 (HSV-1 and HSV-2) infect a large proportion of the world population. There is an urgent need for chemical-free and biological-free safe adjuvants that would advance mass vaccination against the widespread herpes infections. The present study demonstrates that immunization with a laser-assisted herpes peptide vaccine triggered skin mobilization of dendritic cells (DCs) that stimulated strong and long-lasting HSV-specific effector memory CD8+T cells (TEMcells) and tissue-resident CD8+T cells (TRMcells) locally in the vaginal mucocutaneous tissues. The induced local CD8+T cell response was associated with protection against genital herpes infection and disease. These results draw attention to chemical- and biological-free laser adjuvants as alternatives to currently used conventional adjuvants to enhance mass vaccination for widespread viral infections, such as those caused by HSV-1 and HSV-2.
Evidence for genetic anticipation in vonHippel-Lindau syndrome
Authors: Aronoff Laura , Malkin David , van Engelen Kalene , Gallinger Bailey , Wasserman Jonathan , Kim Raymond H , Villani Anita , Meyn M Stephen , Druker Harriet 
Published: February 2018

Backgroundvon Hippel-Lindau (vHL) syndrome is a rare autosomal-dominant disorder that confers a lifelong risk for developing both benign and malignant tumours in multiple organs. Recent evidence suggests that vHL may exhibit genetic anticipation (GA). The aim of this study was to determine if GA occurs in vHL, and if telomere shortening may be a factor in GA.MethodsA retrospective chart review of vHL families seen at The Hospital for Sick Children between 1984 and 2016 was performed. Age of onset (AOO, defined as the age of first physician-diagnosed vHL-related manifestation) was confirmed for 96 patients from 20 unrelated families (80 clinically affected and 16 unaffected carriers). Flow-FISH(flow cytometry sorting of cells whose telomeres are labeled by Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization) was used to measure mean telomere length of six white blood cell subtypes from 14 known VHL pathogenic variant carriers.ResultsThe median AOO for generations I, II and III were 32.5, 22.5 and 12.0 years, respectively. The differences in the AOO between generations were highly significant using a Cox proportional hazards model (P=6.00×10-12). Telomere lengths were significantly different for granulocytes and natural killer lymphocytes of patients with vHL compared with age-matched controls. For six vHL parent–child pairs, median white blood cell telomere lengths between parent and child were not significantly different.ConclusionsOur results suggest that vHL telomere abnormalities may be primarily somatic in origin rather than a cause of GA. As tumour development exhibits GA in our cohort, vHL surveillance guidelines may need to account for a patient’s generational position within a vHL pedigree.
Use of Computed Tomography in Determining the Occurrence of Dorsal and Intra-articular Screw Penetration in Volar Locking Plate Osteosynthesis of Distal Radius Fracture
Authors: Diong Teik Wei , Haflah Nor Hazla Mohamed , Kassim Abdul Yazid Mohd , Habshi Sharifah Majedah Idrus Al , Shukur Mohd Hassan 
Published: February 2018

Background: The use of volar locking plate in distal radius fracture can lead to extensor tendon rupture due to dorsal screw penetration. The aim of our study was to investigate the occurrence of dorsal and intra-articular screw penetration using CT scan after volar distal radius osteosynthesis for distal radius fractures.Methods: Thirty patients who underwent distal volar locking plate for distal radius fracture were included in a retrospective study. In all 30 patients no dorsal and intra-articular screw penetration were detected on standard AP and lateral views of a plain radiograph. CT scan of the operated wrist was performed to determine the number of intra-articular and dorsal screw penetrations. Clinical examination was performed to determine the wrist functions in comparison to the normal wrist.Results: Nineteen wrists were noted to have screw penetration either dorsally or intraarticularly. The highest incidence is in the 2nd extensor compartment where 13 screws had penetrated with a mean of 2.46 mm. Six screws penetrated into the distal radial ulnar joint and five screws into the wrist joint with a mean of 2.83 mm and 2.6 mm, respectively. However, there was no incidence of tendon irritation or rupture.Conclusions: This study demonstrated a high incidence of dorsal and intra-articular screw penetration detected by CT scan which was not apparent in plain radiograph. We recommend that surgeons adhere to the principle of only near cortex fixation and downsizing the locking screw length by 2 mm.
FDA Approval: Ribociclib for the Treatment of Postmenopausal Women with Hormone Receptor–Positive, HER2-Negative Advanced or Metastatic Breast Cancer
Authors: Shah Anand , Bloomquist Erik , Tang Shenghui , Fu Wentao , Bi Youwei , Liu Qi , Yu Jingyu , Zhao Ping , Palmby Todd R. , Goldberg Kirsten B. , Chang C.J. George , Patel Paresma , Alebachew Elleni , Tilley Amy , Pierce William F. , Ibrahim Amna , Blumenthal Gideon M. , Sridhara Rajeshwari , Beaver Julia A. , Pazdur Richard 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
On March 13, 2017, the FDA approved ribociclib (KISQALI; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corp.), a cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitor, in combination with an aromatase inhibitor as initial endocrine-based therapy for the treatment of postmenopausal women with hormone receptor (HR)–positive, HER2-negative advanced or metastatic breast cancer. The approval was based on a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, international clinical trial (MONALEESA-2). A total of 668 patients were randomized to receive either ribociclib plus letrozole (n = 334) or placebo plus letrozole (n = 334). An improvement in progression-free survival (PFS) was observed in patients receiving ribociclib plus letrozole compared with patients receiving placebo plus letrozole [HR = 0.556; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.429–0.720]. Overall response rate (ORR) in patients with measurable disease was 52.7% (95% CI, 46.6–58.9) in the ribociclib plus letrozole arm and 37.1% (95% CI, 31.1–43.2) in the placebo plus letrozole arm. Overall survival data were immature. The most common adverse reactions observed in 20% or more of patients taking ribociclib were neutropenia, nausea, fatigue, diarrhea, leukopenia, alopecia, vomiting, constipation, headache, and back pain. This article summarizes FDA decision-making and data supporting the approval of ribociclib. Clin Cancer Res; 24(13); 2999–3004. ©2018 AACR.
See related commentary by Spring and Bardia, p. 2981
Wilms’ Tumor 1 Overexpression in Granulosa Cells Is Associated with Polycystic Ovaries in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Patients
Authors: Wang Qun , Huang Tao , Shu Xin , Zhao Shi-Gang , Liang Yu , Muhammad Tahir , Gao Fei , Zhao Han , Liu Hong-Bin 
Published: February 2018

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogeneous disorder characterized by chronic ovulatory dysfunction, hyperandrogenism, and polycystic ovaries. Wilms’ tumor 1 (WT1) encoding a transcription factor involved in the differentiation of granulosa cells (GCs) regulates androgen receptor in the development of male genitalia. However, the expression pattern and possible role of WT1 in ovaries of PCOS patients are still unknown. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> GCs from 95 PCOS patients (PCOS group) and 62 healthy controls (control group) were isolated. The expression of WT1 in GCs was quantified using the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. The correlation between WT1 expression and clinical characteristics was evaluated in PCOS patients. <b><i>Results:</i></b> WT1 expression was increased in PCOS patients compared with the normal controls. The expression of WT1 was moderately correlated with testosterone (<i>r</i> = 0.334, <i>p</i> = 0.001) and luteinizing hormone (<i>r</i> = 0.357, <i>p</i> = 0.001) levels and the antral follicle counts (<i>r</i> = 0.337, <i>p</i> = 0.001). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Our study provided novel insights into the relationship between hyperandrogenism and polycystic ovaries of PCOS and WT1.
The Right to be Human: How Do Muslim Women Talk about Human Rights and Religious Freedoms in Britain?
Authors: Cheruvallil-Contractor Sariya 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
This article examines existing literature and data from qualitative fieldwork with Muslim women in Britain to analyse their narratives of human rights and freedom, as they live within plural European contexts. In scared, securitised and polarised Europe, Muslim women have become visible markers of otherness. Each Muslim woman becomes a fulcrum upon which Western values and morality are measured against the “other”, its values, its beliefs and its choices. In exploring the implications of societal othering on Muslim women’s experiences of their human rights, this article concludes that in social contexts that are polemical, becoming the other dehumanises Muslim women who thus become ineligible for “human” rights. In such contexts, a human rights-based approach alone is insufficient to achieve “dignity and fairness” in society. In addition to human rights, societies need robust and rigorous dialogue so that societal differences become part of a new mediated plural reality.
Symbolic Insult in Diplomacy
Authors: Faizullaev Alisher 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThis paper approaches symbolic insult in diplomacy as the use of symbolic means by states to oppress the opponent’s sense of Self, to hurt its self-esteem and social status in order to achieve their foreign policy objectives, or as a reaction to a threat from Other. The paper posits that diplomatic actors are extremely sensitive to Self related matters, and may use such sensitivity for influencing each other, bargaining over the issues of importance, and simply defending their sense of Self while they confront the opponent. The enormous importance of collective Self in diplomacy may instigate a variety of social strategic games, including tacit and deceptive ones. The diplomatic actor’s acute sensitivity to recognition, honor and social status sharpens its sense of Self, which makes any humiliation painful. Therefore, protection of self-regard, dignity and public face becomes a critical issue in diplomatic practice. At the same time, that makes the diplomatic actor’s Self vulnerable, and provides the opposing Other opportunities for manipulation and symbolic abuse.The paper argues that symbolic insult in diplomacy occurs in a highly normative environment, and depends on political objectives, shared knowledge, social perception and practices, and can negatively affect relationships between diplomatic actors, the opponent’s self-perception, self-feeling and security of Self—ontological security. I distinguish three forms of symbolic insult used in diplomacy: by misrecognition (“diplomatic bypassing”), direct confrontation (“diplomatic punch”) and concealed verbal or nonverbal actions (“diplomatic slap”). The paper focuses on the third, indirect form, or “diplomatic slap” which employs obscure symbolic insults as a means of tacit manipulation for influencing the opponent, or as an instrument of restoring social status.By highlighting interest-based (political), value-based (moral), relationship-based (social) and right-based (legal) imperatives of international diplomacy, this paper shows that diplomatic actors can use symbolically expressed but subtle “slap” for balancing their interests and relationships in dealing with the opponent: Tacit or implicit symbolic insult usually appears ambiguous which may allow the offender to promote its interests but also to stay engaged with the victim.