bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preceptorship during health personnel students’ clinical studies in nursing homes—An institutional perspective on an intervention
Authors: Aglen Bjørg , Louise Sørø Vera , Orvik Arne , Haugan Gørill 
Published: September 2018

AbstractAimThe recruitment and retention of preceptors to mentor health professional students and apprentices in their clinical studies are not easy. The aim of this study was to investigate factors that hindered the implementation of an intervention intended to improve the working conditions for preceptors in nursing homes. The preceptorship was related to clinical studies for health professional students and apprentices.DesignA qualitative, explorative design was applied.MethodsQualitative data were collected in September 2014 by means of focus groups with preceptors and key informant interviews. The data were prepared by thematic analysis and interpreted in the light of institutional theory.ResultsThe intervention to improve the working conditions for preceptors was hampered by institutional traits involving rule‐like perceptions of “want to,” “ought to” and “have to.” Precepting was preserved as an individual task of the preceptors and was not considered a daily activity in nursing homes.ConclusionsTo improve the working conditions for preceptors in nursing homes and thus improve recruitment and retention among preceptors, the nursing home leaders should address institutional traits related to preceptorship.
Medication belief as correlate of medication adherence among patients with diabetes in Edo State, Nigeria
Authors: Olorunfemi Olaolorunpo , Ojewole Foluso 
Published: September 2018

AbstractAimThe study aim was to determine the level of medication adherence, patient medication belief and to determine the correlation between medication belief and medication adherence among patients with diabetes. This is to find out whether medication belief of patient could enhance medication adherence which in turn would promote effective management of diabetic mellitus in Nigeria.BackgroundThe World Health Organization (WHO, 2015) estimated that over 366 million people are affected. The government and other non‐governmental organizations such as Diabetic Association of Nigeria (DAN) put several programmes in place to reduce the incidence of the disease, but minimal progress has been recorded, and the factors responsible for that is a big dilemma in the heart of researchers in the field. Empirical findings showed that, there is increased rate of re‐admission among DM patients and this is associated with poor medication adherence. There is a need to examine the factors responsible for poor medication adherence among patients with diabetes. In the review of the literature, medication belief is one of the major implicated factors, but there is no substantial evidence‐based research to validate this presumption in Nigeria. Therefore, this study is to find out the relationship between medication belief and medication adherence among patients with diabetes.DesignA correlational research design was adopted, to enable the researcher in determining the association between the medication belief and medication adherence among patients with diabetes mellitus.MethodsA total enumeration was adopted for the study, where all the registered adult patients were invited to join the study voluntarily and informed verbal consent was obtained, after explaining the importance of the study. A total of 180 patients with diabetes participated in the study. The Beliefs about Medicines Questionnaires (BMQ) and Morisky Medication Adherence Scale were used. This is a standardized scale and well validated with a reliability coefficient of 0.86, using split‐half model. A simple frequency distribution table and Spearman's rho correlational statistic were used to test the hypothesis at 0.05 level of significance.ResultsThe data analysis shows that the clients had a negative perception about medication and believed that medication had the tendency of causing harm or poison to their system. The correlation between medication belief and medication adherence showed p = 0.005 which means that there is a statistical relationship between the two variables.
Gaining role clarity in working with sick leave questions—Registered Nurses’ experiences of an educational intervention
Authors: Lännerström Linda , Wallman Thorne , Kaminsky Elenor , Holmström Inger K 
Published: September 2018

AbstractAimTo describe how a short educational intervention in social insurance medicine was experienced by Registered Nurses and what changes it brought to their work with sick leave questions in telephone nursing.DesignQualitative explorative interview study.MethodsInterviews with 12 purposively sampled Registered Nurses were conducted and analysed using manifest content analysis.ResultsThe intervention increased Registered Nurses’ knowledge of the sick leave process and changed their work habits as they now have more of the skills needed to handle sick leave questions. In this way, they gained role clarity in their work with sick leave questions. The new knowledge included rules and regulations, actors’ roles and patients’ experiences. Learning from peers, reflecting and having the opportunity to ask questions were also described as increasing their knowledge. The skills following the participation were described as knowing what to say and do and knowing where to turn for support.
Outcomes in intermediate‐risk pediatric lymphocyte‐predominant Hodgkin lymphoma: A report from the Children's Oncology Group
Authors: Marks Lianna J. , Pei Qinglin , Bush Rizvan , Buxton Allen , Appel Burton , Kelly Kara M. , Schwartz Cindy L. , Friedman Debra L. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractPurposeOptimal management of patients with intermediate‐risk lymphocyte‐predominant Hodgkin lymphoma (LPHL) is unclear due to their small numbers in most clinical trials. Children's Oncology Group AHOD0031, a randomized phase III trial of pediatric patients with intermediate‐risk Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), included patients with LPHL. We report the outcomes of these patients and present directions for future therapeutic strategies.ProcedurePatients received two cycles of doxorubicin, bleomycin, vincristine, etoposide, prednisone, and cyclophosphamide (ABVE‐PC) followed by response evaluation. Slow early responders were randomized to two additional ABVE‐PC cycles ± two dexamethasone, etoposide, cisplatin, and cytarabine cycles and all received involved field radiotherapy (IFRT). Rapid early responders (RERs) received two additional ABVE‐PC cycles. RERs with complete response (CR) were randomized to IFRT or no further therapy. RERs without CR received IFRT.ResultsNinety‐six (5.6%) of 1711 patients on AHOD0031 had LPHL. Patients with LPHL were more likely to achieve RER (93.6% vs. 81.0%; P = 0.002) and CR (74.2% vs. 49.3%; P = 0.000005) following chemotherapy compared with patients with classical HL. Five‐year event‐free survival (EFS) was superior in patients with LPHL (92.2%) versus classical HL (83.5%) (P = 0.04), without difference in overall survival (OS). Among RERs with CR following chemotherapy (n = 33), there was no difference in EFS or OS between those randomized to receive or not receive IFRT.ConclusionChildren and adolescents with intermediate‐risk LPHL represent ideal candidates for response‐adapted therapy based on their favorable outcomes. The majority of patients treated with the ABVE‐PC backbone achieve RER with CR status and can be treated successfully without IFRT.
Pharmacokinetics of metformin in patients with chronic kidney disease stage 4 and metformin‐naïve type 2 diabetes
Authors: Dissanayake Ajith M. , Wheldon Mark C. , Hood Christopher J. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe pharmacokinetics of metformin therapy in patients with chronic kidney disease stage 4 (CKD‐4) were studied using data from the largest Phase I consecutive cohort trial yet performed in this population. Eighteen metformin‐naïve men and women with Type 2 Diabetes and creatinine clearance (CrCl) in the range 18‐49 mL/min (eGFR 15‐29 mL/min/1.73 m2) were allocated to daily immediate‐release metformin of 250 mg, 500 mg, or 1000 mg. A first‐dose profile and trough concentrations for 4 weeks were taken on all patients. Pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters were estimated by fitting a first‐order compartment model with absorption in a peripheral compartment to concentrations measured 24 hours post–first dose. Single‐dose PK parameters time to maximum concentration (tmax) and maximum concentration (Cmax) were consistent with previous observations in patients with normal renal function (healthy and diabetic), as was the association between CrCl and apparent total oral clearance (Cl/F). However, patients with a CrCl below 32 mL/min had trough concentrations that were consistently above the steady‐state minimum implied by the population PK model. This suggests the model may not apply to patients with CrCl below 32 mL/min. Metformin in doses of 500‐1000 mg/day could be taken by CKD‐4 patients. However, the single‐compartment model breaks down as CrCl declines below 32 mL/min suggesting that metformin levels should be monitored regularly in progressive stage 4 CKD.
Maternal diet of polyunsaturated fatty acid influence the physical and neurobehaviour of rat offspring
Authors: Yang Rui , Liu Shao , Zheng Yi , Zhang Mengqi , Dang Ruili , Tang Mimi 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBackgroundPolyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are normal components of growth and development and its derivatives especially n‐3 PUFAs have an influence on the development and maturation of nervous system. The purpose of our present study was to investigate the effect of maternal n‐3 PUFAs dietary on physical maturation and the neurobiological development of the rat offspring.MethodsAccording to the content of n‐3 PUFAs in their diets, female dams were randomly divided into three treatment groups (n = 6–7): deficiency, control and supplementation. The physical parameters and neurobehavioral tests were measured in the rats’ offspring.ResultsThere were no significant differences in litter size and sex ratio between three groups. However, the ratio of brain/body weight was higher in the deficiency pups than the control. As to the body weight, the deficiency pups were heavier than the control pups on postnatal day (PND) 1, PND7, PND14, and PND21, while supplementation pups were lower than the control pups on PND1. There are no significant differences in the physical parameters of incisor eruption and fur appearance between three groups. However, deficiency pups had earlier eye opening than the control pups. Unfortunately, there were no significant differences in surface righting reflex, cliff avoidance, forelimb grip and air righting reflex. Whereas, supplementation pups required less time to complete negative geotaxis than the control pups on PND17.ConclusionThis study suggests that the consumption of adequate n‐3 PUFAs is benefit for the optimal growth and development of rat offspring. The n‐3 PUFAs supplementation is beneficial to population that did not have sufficient provision of n‐3 PUFAs in the diet during gestation and lactation.
High prevalence of parkinsonism in patients with MCI or mild Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Sasaki Shoichi 
Published: September 2018

AbstractIntroductionThe objective of this study was to examine the prevalence of the coexistence of parkinsonism in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or mild Alzheimer's disease (AD).MethodsOutpatients were evaluated with Mini–Mental State Examination, Clinical Dementia Rating Scale, NIA‐AA criteria, MRI, and 123I‐IMP SPECT (3D‐SSP). Parkinsonism in patients diagnosed with MCI (Mini–Mental State Examination ≥24, n = 63) or mild AD (Mini–Mental State Examination 20–23, n = 43) was examined using the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale–III and 123I‐FP‐CIT dopamine transporter SPECT.ResultsOne hundred six patients (60–97 years) were enrolled. Fifty‐six patients (52.8%) were diagnosed as having concomitant parkinsonism with rigidity and resting tremor and dopamine transporter reduction in the basal ganglia. The mean (SD) age (n = 56) was 80.6 (6.1) years, significantly older than patients without parkinsonism [77.6 (7.0) years, n = 50] (P < .05). The mean (SD) UPDRS–III score was 5.8 (2.4).ConclusionThe prevalence rate of the coexistence of mild parkinsonism in MCI or mild AD may be higher than previously recognized.
Radial neck fracture fixation by Metaizeau technique in adults: A case series and review of literature
Authors: Harna Bushu , Saini Ramandeep Singh , Lodhi Jeetendra Singh , Sharma Siddharth 
Published: September 2018

Purpose: To evaluate the use of Metaizeau technique in the treatment of radial neck fracture in adults. Method: A total of eight patients were treated with intramedullary pinning (Metaizeau technique) using titanium elastic nails. All the patients suffered isolated radial neck fracture. Fracture morphology in all the patients had angulation more than 30° and were displaced, tilted with the impacted articular fragment. All the patients had Mason’s type III or Judet’s type II or III fracture. The mean age of patients was 31.3 years, and all were operated within 7 days of suffering the injury. The mean follow-up was 9 months. For subjective evaluation, patients rated their satisfaction for elbow use on a scale of 1–6. Objective assessment includes Mayo elbow performance score, active range of motion of flexion and extension and forearm rotation. Results: The active ranges of motion and hand grip strength were comparable in both upper limbs. Similarly, the range of flexion–extension and pronation–supination were identical. In all cases, the titanium elastic nails had already been removed after 8 weeks with osseous healing of the radial neck. Patients rated their satisfaction for elbow function as very good in six cases and good in two cases. Conclusions: In the present case series, the results of the use Metaizeau technique in adults were promising. The proper selection of the patient and timing of surgery should be considered judiciously. Further large case series is required to ascertain the results. Level of evidence: Level IV.
Permo-Triassic stage of alkaline magmatism in the Vitim plateau (western Transbaikalia)
Authors: Doroshkevich A.G. , Izbrodin I.A. , Rampilov M.O. , Ripp G.S. , Lastochkin E.I. , Khubanov V.B. 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
We present results of geochronological (40Ar–39Ar, U–Pb SHRIMP-II, and LA–ICP-MS) and geochemical studies of alkaline rocks of the Amalat, Sirikta, Tsipa, Pravyi Uligli, and Verkhnii Uligli massifs in the Vitim plateau (western Transbaikalia). The formation of the alkaline rocks and the accompanying albitization are dated at 261–242 Ma. The isotope inhomogeneity (ɛNd(T) = + 8.4 to –1.7) of the alkaline rocks indicates the heterogeneous composition of the source of their material, having a depleted component, an enriched juvenile metasomatic fluid, and a crustal substrate.
Middle Paleozoic impact event in the southwest of the East European Platform
Authors: Sungatullin R.Kh. , Bakhtin A.I. , Tsel’movich V.A. , Bakhmutov V.G. , Sungatullina G.M. 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
A zone with high remanent magnetization and magnetic susceptibility has been identified at the boundary between Lower Devonian gray- and red-colored deposits in the basin of the Dniester River in the southwest of Ukraine (in the southwest of the East European Platform). The microparticles of native iron and nickel and iron–nickel intermetallic compounds found here might be markers of an impact event in the Lochkovian (~415 Ma). Electron microscope examination and probe microanalysis of the chemical composition, morphology, structures, and textures of specific microobjects showed that they are the product of melting of meteoritic substance and target rocks caused by an impact explosion. Explosive dispersion and deposition of microparticles on the Earth’s surface result in a rapid differentiation of their substance. The obtained data can be used as evidence of a reference impact event during the fall of an iron-stone meteorite, and a characteristic set of minerals and geochemical parameters can help to identify catastrophic events in the geologic history.
FACTORS AFFECTING EFFICIENCY MEASURES OF WESTERN GREAT PLAINS WHEAT DOMINANT FARMS
Authors: VITALE PILJA PARK , VITALE JEFFREY , EPPLIN FRANCIS 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe Great Plains is the most important wheat producing region in the United States. Dwindling returns and changes in government farm programs have reduced wheat acreage, raising concerns over its future viability. Small farms and marginal areas are particularly vulnerable, including the western Great Plains (WGP). To assess the technical and economic viability of wheat farms, the efficiency of 141 wheat farms in the WGP was estimated. Results found substantial inefficiency among all producer types. The largest source of inefficiency was input use among smaller farms. The smaller farms were the most scale efficient, reducing concerns over their future viability.
Aerofoil broadband noise reductions through double-wavelength leading-edge serrations: a new control concept
Authors: Chaitanya P. , Joseph P. , Narayanan S. , Kim J. W. 
Published: September 2018

Aerofoils operating in a turbulent flow generate broadband noise by scattering vorticity into sound at the leading edge. Previous work has demonstrated the effectiveness by which serrations, or undulations, introduced onto the leading edge, can substantially reduce broadband leading-edge noise. All of this work has focused on sinusoidal (single-wavelength) leading-edge serration profiles. In this paper, a new leading-edge serration geometry is proposed which provides significantly greater noise reductions compared to the maximum noise reductions achievable by single-wavelength serrations of the same amplitude. This is achieved through destructive interference between different parts of the aerofoil leading edge, and therefore involves a fundamentally different noise reduction mechanism from conventional single-wavelength serrations. The new leading-edge serration profiles simply comprise the superposition of two single-wavelength components of different wavelength, amplitude and phase with the objective of forming two roots that are sufficiently close together and separated in the streamwise direction. Compact sources located at these root locations then interfere, leading to less efficient radiation than single-wavelength geometries. A detailed parametric study is performed experimentally to investigate the sensitivity of the noise reductions to the profile geometry. A simple model is proposed to explain the noise reduction mechanism for these double-wavelength serration profiles and shown to be in close agreement with the measured noise reduction spectra. The study is primarily performed on flat plates in an idealized turbulent flow. The paper concludes by introducing the double-wavelength serration on a 10 % thick aerofoil, where near-identical noise reductions are obtained compared to the flat plate.
Three Solutions for a Singular Quasilinear Elliptic Problem
Authors: Faraci Francesca , Smyrlis George 
Published: September 2018

AbstractIn the present paper we deal with a quasilinear problem involving a singular term. By combining truncation techniques with variational methods, we prove the existence of three weak solutions. As far as we know, this is the first contribution in this direction in the high-dimensional case.
π-TYPE FERMIONS AND π-TYPE KP HIERARCHY
Authors: WANG NA , LI CHUANZHONG 
Published: September 2018

AbstractIn this paper, we first construct π-type Fermions. According to these, we define π-type Boson–Fermion correspondence which is a generalization of the classical Boson–Fermion correspondence. We can obtain π-type symmetric functions Sλπ from the π-type Boson–Fermion correspondence, analogously to the way we get the Schur functions Sλ from the classical Boson–Fermion correspondence (which is the same thing as the Jacobi–Trudi formula). Then as a generalization of KP hierarchy, we construct the π-type KP hierarchy and obtain its tau functions.
Condemnation and universal salvation: Karl Barth's ‘reverent agnosticism’ revisited
Authors: Tseng Shao Kai 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe question of Karl Barth's attitude towards universalism has been a topic of debate since his own day. By examining a twofold two-way determination of the actuality of world-history in Christo that Barth construes in the actualistic hamartiology of CD IV/3, §70, I will contend that he does not describe the prospect of the final condemnation of humankind as an empty threat, even though the whole of his theological witness to Christ clearly testifies to universal salvation. This dialectical aspect of Barth's actualistic hamartiology leads to an attitude towards the apokatastasis that George Hunsinger aptly describes as ‘reverent agnosticism’.
Design analysis and optimization of 6-DOF telemanipulator based on performance indices
Authors: Yu Seungnam , Hwang Soonwoong , Lee Jongkwang , Park Byungsuk , Lee Hyojik 
Published: September 2018

SUMMARYIn contrast to general industrial robots, which are operated in normal environments and are easily accessible by human workers, telemanipulators are typically designed to perform specific and extreme tasks in hazardous areas. Teleoperation systems are difficult-to-equip fully intuitive or automated control systems because these are the kinds of manipulator systems used as substitutes to perform tasks that humans have to guide directly because they may require tough, sensitive, or sophisticated handling motions. Basically, these kinds of tasks are difficult to remotely perform through a slave manipulator operated by a human unless modification and optimization of the system are conducted. In this regard, the target system dealt within this study has similar disadvantages even though it has a high degree of freedom (DOF) arm structure. The performance of the current system was quantitatively evaluated to optimize the structure according to the considered main tasks. This work presents the various performance indices utilized and analyzes the current design of the considered telemanipulator system. An optimal design approach using the parameters associated with the frequent motions of the considered 6-DOF telemanipulator is then proposed based on the conducted analyses.
Does Public Participation Shift German National Park Priorities Away from Nature Conservation?
Authors: Dupke Claudia , Dormann Carsten F. , Heurich Marco 
Published: September 2018

SummaryNational park management has the dual mission of protecting and conserving natural systems and providing services to visitors. These two goals are often contradictory, especially when levels of recreation and tourism increase. We studied whether and how the management of the 13 terrestrial national parks in Germany respond to increasing numbers of visitors. One to three managers from each national park completed an online questionnaire and were then interviewed by phone. We found no general strategy for managing high levels of recreational use. Adaptation to increasing visitor numbers seemed to be complex and arduous. Management options are particularly constrained by the mandatory public participation process, in which various stakeholders are involved in decision-making. Given the political pressure to make amends for restrictions imposed by designated protected areas, national park management is characterized by compromises, which results in a shift of priorities from conservation towards service provision. We argue that to maintain the balance between the dual objectives of conservation and recreation, park managers need the support of both social and biological research communities. Above all, the unique ecological merits of national parks could be more strongly highlighted to increase the general public’s acceptance of park restrictions.