bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficient DPP Donor and Nonfullerene Acceptor Organic Solar Cells with High Photon‐to‐Current Ratio and Low Energetic Loss
Authors: Song Xin , Gasparini Nicola , Nahid Masrur Morshed , Paleti Sri Harish Kumar , Li Cheng , Li Weiwei , Ade Harald , Baran Derya 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe high crystallinity and ability to harvest near‐infrared photons make diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP)‐based polymers one of the most promising donors for high performing organic solar cells (OSCs). However, DPP‐based OSC devices still suffer from the trade‐off between energetic loss (Eloss) and maximum external quantum efficiency (EQEmax), which significantly hinders their potential. Thus far, the replacement of fullerenes with small molecule acceptors did not wisdom the performance development of DPP‐donor‐based solar cells due to severe charge recombination issues. In this work, efficient DPP‐based solar cells are reported using low bandgap fused ring electron acceptor, IEICO‐4F. PBDTT‐DPP:IEICO‐4F OSC devices deliver a champion power conversion efficiency of 9.66% with successful interface engineering along with low Eloss of 0.57 eV and a high EQEmax (>70%).
MXenes for Plasmonic Photodetection
Authors: Velusamy Dhinesh Babu , El‐Demellawi Jehad K. , El‐Zohry Ahmed M. , Giugni Andrea , Lopatin Sergei , Hedhili Mohamed N. , Mansour Ahmed E. , Fabrizio Enzo Di , Mohammed Omar F. , Alshareef Husam N. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractMXenes have recently shown impressive optical and plasmonic properties associated with their ultrathin‐atomic‐layer structure. However, their potential use in photonic and plasmonic devices has been only marginally explored. Photodetectors made of five different MXenes are fabricated, among which molybdenum carbide MXene (Mo2CTx) exhibits the best performance. Mo2CTx MXene thin films deposited on paper substrates exhibit broad photoresponse in the range of 400–800 nm with high responsivity (up to 9 A W−1), detectivity (≈5 × 1011 Jones), and reliable photoswitching characteristics at a wavelength of 660 nm. Spatially resolved electron energy‐loss spectroscopy and ultrafast femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy of the MXene nanosheets reveal that the photoresponse of Mo2CTx is strongly dependent on its surface plasmon‐assisted hot carriers. Additionally, Mo2CTx thin‐film devices are shown to be relatively stable under ambient conditions, continuous illumination and mechanical stresses, illustrating their durable photodetection operation in the visible spectral range. Micro‐Raman spectroscopy conducted on bare Mo2CTx film and on gold electrodes allowing for surface‐enhanced Raman scattering demonstrates surface chemistry and a specific low‐frequency band that is related to the vibrational modes of the single nanosheets. The specific ability to detect and excite individual surface plasmon modes provides a viable platform for various MXene‐based optoelectronic applications.
Strong and Tough Glass with Self‐Dispersed Nanoparticles via Solidification
Authors: Jiang Qiang‐Guo , Cao Chezheng , Lin Ting‐Chiang , Wu Shanghua , Li Xiaochun 
Published: June 2019

AbstractGlassy materials can be broadly defined as any amorphous solid, which are important in nature and have significant societal value for their applications in daily life and industry. Although many methods have been applied, the fracture toughness of traditional glasses is still very low due to intrinsic brittleness, significantly limiting their use for structural applications. While nanoelements may be added into glasses and ceramics to form nanocomposites with enhanced properties, it is extremely difficult to distribute and disperse them inside the liquid glass/ceramic matrix with traditional processing methods. It is shown that a strong and tough glass can be fabricated through a direct‐solidification process using a nanoparticle self‐dispersion mechanism in a glass melt (2MgO·2Al2O3·5SiO2) with the assistance of B2O3, delivering a 6.1% strain limit and strength up to E/14 (E is elastic modulus), which is close to the theoretical limit of E/10 and one of the highest among all materials reported so far. The fracture toughness of the glass with 30 vol% SiC nanoparticles is significantly higher than any other inorganic glass tested under similar conditions. This new method opens up remarkable opportunities for glass and ceramic research, manufacturing, and applications.
Highly Sensitive, Rugged, and Wearable Fabric Strain Sensor Based on Graphene Clad Polyester Knitted Elastic Band for Human Motion Monitoring
Authors: Reddy K Ravinder , Gandla Srinivas , Gupta Dipti 
Published: June 2019

AbstractSmart electronic textiles are gaining a lot of importance in the field of flexible and wearable devices because of their lightweight, flexibility, deformability, and facile interaction with human skin. Herein, a simple, inexpensive, and scalable dip‐dry‐reduce approach method is reported to fabricate a flexible strain sensor using polyester knitted elastic band (PEB) as the platform material which is coated with reduced graphene oxide, and its potential applications are demonstrated in detecting both the subtle and large‐scale deformations of the human body. PEB is made by knitting polyester yarn around a series of inner rubber cores, which makes it very versatile, lightweight, and shrink and wear resistant. The strain sensor can detect the small strains down to 0.2% with high sensitivity/gauge factor (GF) of 30 within in a strain range of 0–1%, and also shows excellent performance in terms of sensitivity (GF of 34 and 5 within in a strain range of 0–20%, 20–50%, respectively), negligible drift, stability, and durability over 6000 cycles. Moreover, the strain sensor can sense and record large‐scale human body motion even under water‐immersed condition and also exhibits negative temperature coefficient effect with a temperature coefficient of resistance of 0.677%°C−1.
A General Recipe for Nondispersive Optical Activity in Bilayer Chiral Metamaterials
Authors: Park Hyun Sung , Park Jagang , Son Jaehyeon , Kim Yushin , Cho Hyukjoon , Shin Jonghwa , Jeon Wonju , Min Bumki 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBy mimicking broken mirror symmetry of naturally existing chiral materials, and exploiting even stronger magnetoelectric coupling, large optical activity has been realized in chiral metamaterials over the past decade. Nevertheless, most of chiral metamaterials demonstrated so far exhibit highly dispersive optical activity due to their resonant response, which inevitably leads to a narrow operating bandwidth in terms of the optical rotatory power as well as the transmission. Herein, conditions for possessing nondispersive optical activity are derived based on a Lagrangian model for general bilayer chiral metamaterials, and the validity is experimentally confirmed in a microwave regime. It is shown that large nondispersive optical activity can be realized in bilayer chiral metamaterials where metallic apertures are arranged in each layer with high‐rotational symmetry and the off‐diagonal terms of the magnetic interlayer coupling tensor are nonzero while the electric counterparts are eliminated. In stark contrast to most previous chiral metamaterials, a nonzero constant polarization rotation angle is observed at the quasi‐static limit, which manifests the unique nonresonant characteristic of the proposed magnetically coupled bilayer chiral metamaterials. In addition to the geometrical controllability, the amount of polarization rotation and transmission bandwidth can be further increased by stacking magnetically coupled bilayer chiral metamaterials.
Solar Aluminum Kitchen Foils with Omnidirectional Vivid Polarizonic Colors
Authors: Abdelaziz Moheb , Homaeigohar Shahin , Hedayati Mehdi Keshavarz , Assad Mhd Adel , Elbahri Mady 
Published: June 2019

AbstractTo meet the need to the “customized eco‐friendly” design of flexible solar materials in vivid colors, here, the solar kitchen foils are devised which are selective, omnidirectional, and colored. The experimental and simulation results enable drawing the roadmap of the fabrication of glowing, colored flat foils for diverse energy, packaging, and decoration purposes. A new gold‐free golden foil, i.e., mimicking gold optically and visually, is designed as a prototype for the sustainable fabrication of advanced colored foils with glowing colors, e.g., golden with no need to neither hazardous anodization nor dying processes. The solar foil performs based on the newly developed concept of the polarizonic interference allowing production of omnidirectional structural colors by a disordered plasmonic nanocomposite. As the specific highlight, selective reflective coloration by plasmonic dipoles in a hybrid dielectric host, i.e., the building block of ultrathin solar absorbers with tailored, vivid colors, on an aluminum foil is demonstrated. In terms of the production technique, the applied sputtering technique is simple, versatile, cost‐effective, and compatible with the industrial packaging, decoration, and solar absorber manufacturing processes. Thus, it holds great promise for creation of advanced, flexible, colored solar absorbers in a simple, scalable, and sustainable fashion.
Metal‐Free [3,3]‐Sigmatropic Rearrangement/[3+2] Annulation Cascade of N‐Phenoxy Amides with Terminal Alkynes for the Diastereoselective Synthesis of trans‐Dihydrobenzofurans
Authors: Liu Fu‐Xiaomin , Chen Weijie , Zhu Guoxun , Zhou Zhi , Gao Hui , Yi Wei 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAn efficient synthetic route for the diastereoselective construction of trans‐dihydrobenzofurans via cascade [3,3]‐sigmatropic rearrangement/[3+2] annulation sequences has been developed. This protocol represents a metal‐free transformation of the promising N‐phenoxy amides with terminal alkynes and features mild conditions, good functional group compatibility, and practical synthetic potential.magnified image
The Structure–Activity Relationship in Membranes for Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries
Authors: Jiang Shengjuan , Lu Shanfu , Xiang Yan , Jiang San Ping 
Published: June 2019

AbstractVanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs) are regarded as one of the most promising electrochemical technologies for grid‐connected renewable energy storage systems. The performance of VRFBs, however, strongly depends on the membrane, one of the key components of VRFBs with critical dual functions of promotion of diffusion of active species (H+, H3O+, SO42−, or SO4H−) and inhibition of crossover of vanadium ions. This is intrinsically related to the microstructure of membranes. For example, large and connected ionic clusters or pores in membranes are favorable for the ion transfer, but detrimental to the ion selectivity. While small and isolated hydrophilic ion clusters or pores suppress the water uptake and ion transfer, the decreased swelling ratio would enhance chemical stability of membrane. Thus, comprehensive strategies are required to realize the optimal balance between the ion selectivity, proton conductivity, and chemical stability. This review focuses on the effects of microstructure of membranes on the ion transfer and the chemical stability, including introduction of the rigid groups, electron‐withdrawing groups, and hydrophobic backbones, are reviewed. The prospect of the development of membranes with high ion selectivity and high‐performance VRFBs is discussed.
The Equivalence of Video Self‐review Versus Debriefing After Simulation: Can Faculty Resources Be Reallocated?
Authors: Tudor Gregory J. , Podolej Gregory S. , Willemsen‐Dunlap Ann , Lau Vivian , Svendsen Jessica D. , McGarvey Jeremy , Vozenilek John A. , Barker Lisa T. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIntroductionTraditional simulation debriefing is both time‐ and resource‐intensive. Shifting the degree of primary learning responsibility from the faculty to the learner through self‐guided learning has received greater attention as a means of reducing this resource intensity. The aim of the study was to determine if video‐assisted self‐debriefing, as a form of self‐guided learning, would have equivalent learning outcomes compared to standard debriefing.MethodsThis randomized cohort study consisting of 49 PGY‐1 to ‐3 emergency medicine residents compared performance after video self‐assessment utilizing an observer checklist versus standard debriefing for simulated emergency department procedural sedation (EDPS). The primary outcome measure was performance on the second EDPS scenario.ResultsIndependent‐samples t‐test found that both control (standard debrief) and intervention (video self‐assessment) groups demonstrated significantly increased scores on Scenario 2 (standard—t(40) = 2.20, p < 0.05; video—t(45) = 3.88, p < 0.05). There was a large and significant positive correlation between faculty and resident self‐evaluation (r = 0.70, p < 0.05). There was no significant difference between faculty and residents self‐assessment mean scores (t(24) = 1.90, p = 0.07).ConclusionsResidents receiving feedback on their performance via video‐assisted self‐debriefing improved their performance in simulated EDPS to the same degree as with standard faculty debriefing. Video‐assisted self‐debriefing is a promising avenue for leveraging the benefits of simulation‐based training with reduced resource requirements.
From sustainability to sustainizability
Authors: Jorat Masih , Manousiouthakis Vasilios I. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractFollowing the recent introduction of the Sustainability over Sets (SOS) concept as a sustainability analysis tool with broad flexibility in incorporating human input, in this work, the concepts of Sustainizability (SIZ) and Sustainizability over Sets (SIZOS) are introduced, as novel frameworks for sustainable system synthesis. Springing off the conceptual foundation of sustainability, SIZ (and SIZOS) refers to the existence of allowable external actions, and/or design changes that can render sustainable (sustainable over a set) an unsustainable (unsustainable over a set) system. Utilizing earlier mathematical results for SOS, rigorous necessary and sufficient conditions for SIZOS are presented. Two case studies, on a two‐dimensional biological waste treatment system, and a three‐dimensional food chain system, are then presented to illustrate the developed necessary and sufficient conditions for SIZOS.
Psychiatric genetic counseling: A mapping exercise
Authors: Moldovan Ramona , McGhee Kevin A. , Coviello Domenico , Hamang Anniken , Inglis Angela , Ingvoldstad Malmgren Charlotta , Johansson‐Soller Maria , Laurino Mercy , Meiser Bettina , Murphy Lauren , Paneque Milena , Papsuev Oleg , Pawlak Joanna , Rovira Moreno Eulàlia , Serra‐Juhe Clara , Shkedi‐Rafid Shiri , Laing Nakita , Voelckel Marie‐Antoinette , Watson Melanie , Austin Jehannine C. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractPsychiatric genetic counseling (PGC) is gradually developing globally, with countries in various stages of development. In some, PGC is established as a service or as part of research projects while in others, it is just emerging as a concept. In this article, we describe the current global landscape of this genetic counseling specialty and this field's professional development. Drawing on information provided by expert representatives from 16 countries, we highlight the following: (a) current understanding of PGC; (b) availability of services for patients; (c) availability of training; (d) healthcare system disparities and cultural differences impacting practice; and (e) anticipated challenges going forward.
Assessment of bioabsorbable implant treatment for nasal valve collapse compared to a sham group: a randomized control trial
Authors: Stolovitzky Pablo , Senior Brent , Ow Randall A. , Mehendale Neelesh , Bikhazi Nadim , Sidle Douglas M. 
Published: June 2019

BackgroundDynamic nasal valve collapse (NVC) is a common factor contributing to nasal obstruction; however, it is often underdiagnosed and untreated. An in‐office, minimally invasive procedure addressing dynamic NVC uses a bioabsorbable implant (Latera) to support the lateral nasal wall. This study aimed to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of the treatment in a randomized controlled trial (RCT) with sham control.MethodsIn this prospective, multicenter, single‐blinded RCT, 137 patients from 10 clinics were randomized into 2 arms: treatment arm (70 patients) and sham control arm (67 patients). Outcome measures were followed through 3 months after the procedure. The primary endpoint was the responder rate (percentage of patients with reduction in clinical severity by ≥1 category or ≥20% reduction in Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation [NOSE] score).ResultsBefore the procedure, there were no statistically significant differences in patient demographics and nasal obstruction symptom measures between the 2 arms. Three months after the procedure, responder rate was significantly higher for the treatment arm compared to the control (82.5% vs 54.7%, p = 0.001). Patients in the treatment arm also had a significantly greater decrease in NOSE score (–42.4 ± 23.4 vs –22.7 ± 27.9, p < 0.0001) and significantly lower visual analogue scale (VAS) scores (–39.0 ± 29.7 vs –13.3 ± 30.0, p < 0.0001) than the sham control arm. Seventeen patients reported 19 procedure/implant‐related adverse events, all of which resolved with no clinical sequelae.ConclusionOur study shows the safety and effectiveness of the bioabsorbable implant in reducing patients’ nasal obstruction symptoms.
The Entropic Uncertainty Relation for Two Qubits in the Cavity‐Based Architecture
Authors: Bai Xue‐Min , Xue Nai‐Tao , Liu Ni , Li Jun‐Qi , Liang Jiu‐Qing 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBased on a simple cavity‐engineered architecture, the dynamics of quantum memory–assisted entropic uncertainty relation (QMA‐EUR) for two qubits initially prepared in a generic Werner state is investigated. The effects of cavity decay rate, qubit–cavity couplings, and cavity–cavity couplings on the uncertainty are explored. It is found that the damped oscillation of uncertainty can be induced by the increase of two types of coupling strengths mentioned above. It is demonstrated that the maximum value of uncertainty is closely related to the purity of the initial state. The uncertainty can be either increased or decreased, depending on the threshold value of coupling strength between the two cavities. Finally, in agreement with a recent observation, an asynchronous relation between uncertainty and mixedness is found during the initial time evolution.
Effects of different silane coupling agents on structure and properties of starch–chitosan–kaolin composites
Authors: Zhang Zhijian , Ge Xin , Xing Ruiguang , Zhang Bangwen 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTEffects of different silane coupling agents on clay surface modification were studied. Herein, functionalized superfine kaolin was compounded with starch–chitosan (SCS) to prepare starch–chitosan‐functionalized superfine kaolin composite. The characterization results showed that kaolin (K) was successfully modified; the composite formed a dense intercalated structure. The glass‐transition temperature (T
g) was measured by differential scanning calorimetry and dynamic mechanical analysis. It decreased by 60 °C which attested the crystallinity of SCS. The results of thermogravimetric analysis showed that the fastest weight‐loss temperature (Tmax) was elevated by over 50 °C for composites. Mechanical properties of the composites were explored by electronic universal testing machine. Tensile strength and elongation of composites were improved by 4.7 and 10.9 times. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 48050.
Crosslinked ethylene butyl acrylate copolymer foams with different cellular structure interconnectivity and tortuosity: Microstructure and physical properties
Authors: Lopez‐Gonzalez E. , Muñoz‐Pascual S. , Saiz‐Arroyo C. , Rodriguez‐Perez M. A. 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTIn this work, the cellular structure, physical properties, and the structure–property relationship of several novel crosslinked ethylene butyl acrylate (EBA) foams with different cellular structure interconnectivity (low tortuosity and high tortuosity) have been analyzed and compared to that of closed cell EBA foams and to that of an open‐cell polyurethane foam. The results have shown that these materials present interesting properties highly dependent on the tortuosity of the cellular structure. In particular, it has been proved that reducing the tortuosity allows enhancing the acoustic absorption, the oil uptake, and the cushioning behavior. On the other hand, increasing tortuosity allows improving the impact behavior. In addition, the new open‐cell materials present an enhanced damping factor for low‐frequency vibrations. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 48161.
Effects of hybrid fillers on the electrical conductivity, EMI shielding effectiveness, and flame retardancy of PBT and PolyASA composites with carbon fiber and MWCNT
Authors: Kim In Chol , Kwon Kee Hae , Kim Woo Nyon 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTThe effects of hybrid fillers of carbon fiber (CF) and multiwall carbon nanotube (MWCNT) on the electrical conductivity, electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness (EMI SE), flame retardancy, and mechanical properties of poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT)/poly(acrylonitrile‐co‐styrene‐co‐acrylate) (PolyASA) (70/30, wt %) with conductive filler composites were investigated. The CF was used as the main filler, and MWCNT was used as the secondary filler to investigate the hybrid filler effect. For the PBT/PolyASA/CF (8 vol %)/MWCNT (2 vol %) composite, a higher electrical conductivity (1.4 × 100 S cm−1) and EMI SE (33.7 dB) were observed than that of the composite prepared with the single filler of CF (10 vol %), which were 9.0 × 10−2 S cm−1 and 23.7 dB, respectively. This increase in the electrical properties might be due to the longer CF length and hybrid filler effect in the composites. From the results of aging test at 85 °C, 120 h, the electrical conductivity and EMI SE of the composites decreased slightly compared to that of the composite without aging. The results of electrical conductivity, EMI SE, and flame retardancy suggested that the composite with the hybrid fillers of CF and MWCNT showed a synergetic effect in the PBT/PolyASA/CF (8 vol %)/MWCNT (2 vol %) composite. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 48162.
The first Neolithic roundel discovered in Poland reinterpreted with the application of the geophysical Amplitude Data Comparison (ADC) method
Authors: Welc Fabian , Nebelsick Luis D. , Wach Dariusz 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThis article presents the results of a three‐dimensional (3D) stratigraphic analysis of a Neolithic roundel in Bodzów (south‐western Poland) with the application of the Amplitude Data Comparison (ADC) method. The ADC method is based on the comparison of magnetic amplitude records (in nanoteslas) with corresponding ground‐penetrating radar (GPR) reflection profiles. Thus, it is possible to analyse the 3D aspects of buried features based on GPR images and their composition from magnetic readings. In other words, the ADC method can be used to provide a more complete understanding of buried archaeological objects and structures detected by geophysical surveys using GPR and magnetic (gradiometer) methods. The surveys performed in Bodzów have indicated that the Neolithic roundel located there had a multiphase development and thus is perfectly suitable for a study with the application of the ADC method. The performed ADC analysis indicates that there were three gates leading to the roundel interior. Positions of prehistoric storage and dwelling pits, and other settlement features were also detected and interpreted. Clusters of these features are located both inside and outside the roundel, which suggests that people lived within the site during different periods. In the southern part of the roundel, GPR reflection profiles and associated magnetic readings point to the presence of V‐shaped shallow ditches, which may date back to the early Iron Age, as well as an extensive Pleistocene fluvial channel and associated geological features, which is very clearly marked on GPR maps.