bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bioactive compounds in plant materials for the prevention of diabetesand obesity
Authors: Kato Eisuke 
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACT
Plant materials have been widely studied for their preventive and therapeutic effects for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity. The effect of a plant material arises from its constituents, and the study of these bioactive compounds is important to achieve a deeper understanding of its effect at the molecular level. In particular, the study of the effects of such bioactive compounds on various biological processes, from digestion to cellular responses, is required to fully understand the overall effects of plant materials in these health contexts. In this review, I summarize the bioactive compounds we have recently studied in our research group that target digestive enzymes, dipeptidyl peptidase-4, myocyte glucose uptake, and lipid accumulation in adipocytes.
Abbreviations: AC: adenylyl cyclase; AMPK: AMP-activated protein kinase; βAR: β-adrenergic receptor; CA: catecholamine; cAMP: cyclic adenosine monophosphate; cGMP: cyclic guanosine monophosphate; DPP-4: dipeptidyl peptidase-4; ERK: extracellular signal-regulated kinase; GC: guanylyl cyclase; GH: growth hormone; GLP-1: glucagon-like peptide-1; GLUT: glucose transporter; HSL: hormone-sensitive lipase; IR: insulin receptor; IRS: insulin receptor substrate; MAPK: mitogen-activated protein kinase; MEK: MAPK/ERK kinase; MG: maltase-glucoamylase; NP: natriuretic peptide; NPR: natriuretic peptide receptor; mTORC2: mechanistic target of rapamycin complex-2; PC: proanthocyanidin; PI3K: phosphoinositide 3-kinase; PKA: cAMP-dependent protein kinase; PKB (AKT): protein kinase B; PKG: cGMP-dependent protein kinase; PPARγ: peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ; SGLT1: sodium-dependent glucose transporter 1; SI: sucrase-isomaltase; T2DM: type 2 diabetes mellitus; TNFα: tumor necrosis factor-α.
Does maturation influence neuromuscular performance and muscle damage after competitive match‐play in youth male soccer players?
Authors: De Ste Croix Mark , Lehnert Michal , Maixnerova Eliska , Zaatar Amr , Svoboda Zdenek , Botek Michal , Varekova Renata , Stastny Petr 
Published: February 2019

AbstractPoor neuromuscular control and fatigue have been proposed as a risk factor for non‐contact injuries especially around peak height velocity (PHV). This study explored the effects of competitive soccer match‐play on neuromuscular performance and muscle damage in male youth soccer players. 24 youth players aged 13‐16y were split into a PHV group (−0.5 to 0.5y) and post PHV group (1.0–2.5y) based on maturity off‐set. Leg stiffness, reactive strength index (RSI), muscle activation, creatine kinase (CK), and muscle soreness were determined pre and post a competitive soccer match. Paired t‐tests were used to explore differences pre and post competitive match play and independent sample t‐tests for between groups differences for all outcome measures. There was no significant fatigue‐related change in absolute and relative leg stiffness or muscle activation in both groups, except for the gastrocnemius in the post PHV group. RSI, CK and perceived muscle soreness were significantly different after soccer match‐play in both groups with small to large effects observed (ES:0.41–2.82). There were no significant differences between the groups pre match‐play except for absolute and relative leg stiffness (P < 0.001; ES = 1.16 and 0.63 respectively). No significant differences were observed in the fatigue related responses to competitive match play between groups except for perceived muscle soreness. The influence of competitive match‐play on neuromuscular function and muscle damage is similar in male youth around the time of PHV and those post‐PHV indicating that other factors must contribute to the heightened injury risk around PHV.
Impact of Climate Change on Flood Inundation Levels in Chereh Dam Failure Scenarios
Authors: Winarta Bambang , Juwono Pitojo Tri , Dermawan Very 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
This study evaluates the climate change impact to the depth of inundation due to dam breaks during a heavy rainfall through Hydrological Engineering Centre–River Analysis System (HEC-RAS). Increasing of intensity rainfall is an evidence of climate change exists and it explicitly informs that possibility of higher inflow rates will be also getting bigger. This fact become main concern in connection with raising probability of dam breaks with higher magnitude of flooding. This current study determines the flood inundation depth due to Chereh Dam failure by including the Climate Change Factor (CCF). The result of analysis point out that the depth and level of flood due dam break creates a significant impact and risk to the Kuantan City such as inundated of transportation networks and also various public facilities.
Unethical Adaptation: Indigenization and Sex in Chan-wook Park’s The Handmaiden (2016)
Authors: Kim Soo Yeon 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
In contemporary cultural scenes saturated by ‘intermediality’ and ‘transmediality’, adaptation studies have challenged the distinction and hierarchy between the source and its adaptation, the author and the reader-spectator, and a variety of genres and media. While early critics of adaptation studies centred on fidelity criticism, recently Linda Hutcheon breaks free from literary elitism and emphasizes how stories, ‘like genes’, adapt to new environments ‘by virtue of mutation’. Hutcheon argues, ‘the fittest [stories] do more than survive; they flourish’ in today’s fierce competition for ‘cultural selection’. This postmodernist notion of adaptation as proliferation, however, remains curiously reticent about the ‘value’ of such proliferation. My article argues that in the era of textual proliferation, adaptation has an ethical responsibility to voice the story of the socially and sexually ‘unfit’. I then analyse The Handmaiden as a failed attempt at this ethical project. Directed by Chan-wook Park, a South Korean auteur, The Handmaiden borrows from Sarah Waters’ Fingersmith (2002), a novel about female romantic friendship in nineteenth-century England. Although Park’s visually stunning film epitomizes the indigenization of the ‘fittest’ story, its graphic portrayal of lesbian sex and change of setting leaves the question of sexual objectification of Asian women and Japanese colonization unanswered.
Economic Downturns and Inequities in Birth Outcomes: Evidence From 149 Million US Births
Authors: Noelke Clemens , Chen Yu-Han , Osypuk Theresa L , Acevedo-Garcia Dolores 
Published: February 2019

AbstractUsing birth certificate data for nearly all registered US births from 1976 to 2016 and monthly data on state unemployment rates, we reexamined the link between macroeconomic variation and birth outcomes. We hypothesized that economic downturns reduce exposure to work-related stressors and pollution while increasing exposure to socioeconomic stressors like job loss. Because of preexisting inequalities in health and other resources, we expected that less-educated mothers and black mothers would be more exposed to macroeconomic variation. Using fixed-effect regression models, we found that a 1-percentage-point increase in state unemployment during the first trimester of pregnancy increased the probability of preterm birth by 0.1 percentage points, while increases in the state unemployment rate during the second/third trimester reduced the probability of preterm birth by 0.06 percentage points. During the period encompassing the Great Recession, the magnitude of these associations doubled in size. We found substantial variation in the impact of economic conditions across different groups, with highly educated white women least affected and less-educated black women most affected. The results highlight the increased relevance of economic conditions for birth outcomes and population health as well as continuing, large inequities in the exposure and impact of macroeconomic fluctuations on birth outcomes.
Evaluating the Effectiveness of Vaccines Using a Regression Discontinuity Design
Authors: Basta Nicole E , Halloran M Elizabeth 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
The regression discontinuity design (RDD), first proposed in the educational psychology literature and popularized in econometrics in the 1960s, has only recently been applied to epidemiologic research. A critical aim of infectious disease epidemiologists and global health researchers is to evaluate disease prevention and control strategies, including the impact of vaccines and vaccination programs. RDDs have very rarely been used in this context. This quasi-experimental approach using observational data is designed to quantify the effect of an intervention when eligibility for the intervention is based on a defined cutoff such as age or grade in school, making it ideally suited to estimating vaccine effects given that many vaccination programs and mass-vaccination campaigns define eligibility in this way. Here, we describe key features of RDDs in general, then specific scenarios, with examples, to illustrate that RDDs are an important tool for advancing our understanding of vaccine effects. We argue that epidemiologic researchers should consider RDDs when evaluating interventions designed to prevent and control diseases. This approach can address a wide range of research questions, especially those for which randomized clinical trials would present major challenges or be infeasible. Finally, we propose specific ways in which RDDs could advance future vaccine research.
Cognitive Theory of Mind Influences Destination Memory: Evidence from Normal Aging and Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: El Haj Mohamad , Allain Philippe , Moustafa Ahmed A 
Published: February 2019

AbstractObjectiveTheory of mind and destination memory are social abilities that require processing the attributes of interlocutors. Empirical research has demonstrated a relationship between performance on both abilities in normal aging and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). We therefore investigated whether processing attributes of interlocutors would result in better destination memory in AD.MethodsTwenty-six mild AD participants and 28 controls were tested on two occasions. On the first one, participants had to tell proverbs to celebrities’ faces. Following that, they decided whether they previously told that proverb to that celebrity or not. The same procedures were repeated on the second occasion; however, after telling the proverbs, participants had to introspect about what the celebrities might think about the proverbs (e.g., “what do you think that the celebrities would think about the proverbs?”).ResultsGroup comparisons showed a beneficial effect of introspection on destination memory in controls (Z = −2.57, p &lt; .05) but not in AD participants (Z = −1.05, p = .29). However, analyzes of individual profiles demonstrated that 15 AD participants demonstrated better destination memory after introspection.ConclusionsOur findings show a beneficial effect of introspection on destination memory in normal aging, and at least in some mild AD cases. Future research should investigate the influence of social cognition on memory in AD and how introspection may provide a potential treatment for AD.
Manipulated sex ratios alter group structure and cooperation in the brown-headed nuthatch
Authors: Cox James A , Cusick Jessica A , DuVal Emily H 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
A biased adult sex ratio (ASR) can influence cooperative breeding behavior if the bias limits mating opportunities for the more abundant sex. We tested predictions associated with the ASR-cooperation hypothesis in the brown-headed nuthatch (Sitta pusilla). We manipulated ASR by cross-fostering known-sex nestlings within 2 large (≥100 ha) experimental plots for 5 years using a crossover design where each plot received an opposing male- or female-biased treatment for 2 consecutive years. A year with no manipulations followed before the bias was reversed on each plot for 2 additional years. Variation in ASR (adult males/total adults) was pronounced compared to background proportions (0.55) and ranged from a female bias in female-biased plots (0.47) to a strong male bias in male-biased plots (0.71). Sex ratios during the postbreeding period ranged more broadly (0.33 in female-biased plots vs. 0.74 in male-biased plots). Territory densities did not change significantly and allowed 6 predictions to be assessed. Consistent with predictions, the prevalence of cooperative breeding groups doubled under male-biased treatments and large cooperative groups appeared (≥2 male helpers vs. the single male helper most common prior to the experiment). These changes occurred despite increased dispersal of cross-fostered males in male-biased plots. Most juvenile females dispersed, but, consistent with predictions, the prevalence of female helpers increased under female-biased treatments. Manipulations did not alter the sex of nestlings produced nor extend the time that males served as helpers. Taken collectively, results support the ASR-cooperation hypothesis and the role that mate limitations play in cooperative breeding behavior.
MCAM abnormal expression and clinical outcome associations are highly cancer dependent as revealed through pan-cancer analysis
Authors: An Yunxia , Wei Nan , Cheng Xiangsong , Li Ying , Liu Haiyang , Wang Jia , Xu Zhiwei , Sun Zhifu , Zhang Xiaoju 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
MCAM (CD146) is a cell surface adhesion molecule that has been reported to promote cancer development, progression and metastasis and is considered as a potential tumor biomarker and therapeutic target. However, inconsistent reports exist, and its clinical value is yet to be confirmed. Here we took advantage of several large genomic data collections (Genotype-Tissue Expression, The Cancer Genome Atlas and Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia) and comprehensively analyzed MCAM expression in thousands of normal and cancer samples and cell lines along with their clinical phenotypes and drug response information. Our results show that MCAM is very highly expressed in large vessel tissues while majority of tissues have low or minimal expression. Its expression is dramatically increased in a few tumors but significantly decreased in most other tumors relative to their pairing normal tissues. Increased MCAM expression is associated with a higher tumor stage and worse patient survival for some less common tumors but not for major ones. Higher MCAM expression in primary tumors may be complicated by tumor-associated or normal stromal blood vessels yet its significance may differ from the one from cancer cells. MCAM expression is weakly associated with the response to a few small molecular drugs and the association with targeted anti-BRAF agents suggests its involvement in that pathway which warrants further investigation.
Identifiability and estimation of structural vector autoregressive models for subsampled and mixed-frequency time series
Authors: Tank A , Fox E B , Shojaie A 
Published: February 2019

SummaryCausal inference in multivariate time series is challenging because the sampling rate may not be as fast as the time scale of the causal interactions, so the observed series is a subsampled version of the desired series. Furthermore, series may be observed at different sampling rates, yielding mixed-frequency series. To determine instantaneous and lagged effects between series at the causal scale, we take a model-based approach that relies on structural vector autoregressive models. We present a unifying framework for parameter identifiability and estimation under subsampling and mixed frequencies when the noise, or shocks, is non-Gaussian. By studying the structural case, we develop identifiability and estimation methods for the causal structure of lagged and instantaneous effects at the desired time scale. We further derive an exact expectation-maximization algorithm for inference in both subsampled and mixed-frequency settings. We validate our approach in simulated scenarios and on a climate and an econometric dataset.
Initial Development of the Social Work Core Competency Inventory
Authors: Duan Wenjie , Guan Qiujie , Sheng Junrong , Qi Bo 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe competency of social workers and social work students is pivotal. Using 931 social work undergraduates and social workers in China, the present study developed the Social Work Core Competency Inventory (SW-Core) to assess social work core competencies, and further examined its psychometric properties. This study comprised three phases. In the first phase, the ‘hierarchy competency model of social work’ was adopted as a framework to review the related literature. The six categories of competency and the corresponding item pool (fifty-five items) were constructed. In the second phase, six social work undergraduates, four Master of Social Work (MSW) students and ten social workers attended the semi-structural cognitive interviews. On the basis of their cognitive feedback and professional experience, eight core competencies were identified, and forty-seven items were retained. Finally, through exploratory factor analysis, a twenty-four-item eight-factor inventory was formulated among the first undergraduate sample (n = 315) that explained 75.87 per cent variances. The factor structure was further validated by a confirmatory factor analysis using the second undergraduate sample (n = 311). Results corroborated that the internal consistency of the eight subscales of the three samples ranged from 0.64 to 0.88. Furthermore, the multigroup confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the number of factors and factor loadings was invariant between genders, junior and senior students, and social work undergraduates and social workers. In sum, the twenty-four-item self-evaluative SW-Core was a valid measurement to assess the core competencies of social work. This also can be used as a tool to evaluate social work education in the future.
Radicalising Community Development within Social Work through Popular Education—A Participatory Action Research Project
Authors: Westoby Peter , Lathouras Athena , Shevellar Lynda 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThis article reports upon the efforts of three social work/social science academics in partnership with social and community practitioners, at radicalising community development (CD) within social work. The project was motivated by painful political events and processes unfolding around the world in 2017 and led to the design of a participatory action research approach with thirty-three practitioners. Engaging in several cycles of research (pre- and post questionnaires, observation, focus groups and interviews) and action learning (a popular education knowledge exchange day, a community of practice day and prototyping new projects) several new initiatives were implemented, including the formation of a new Popular Education Network. Reflections and discussion consider the implications of radicalising CD within social worker practice through combining education, organising and linking to progressive social movements. The article overall makes the case that popular education could be a crucial element in enabling the radicalisation of CD within social work.
Prognostic and predictive value of an autophagy-related signature for early relapse in stages I–III colon cancer
Authors: Mo Shaobo , Dai Weixing , Xiang Wenqiang , Li Yaqi , Feng Yang , Zhang Long , Li Qingguo , Cai Guoxiang 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
We postulated that expression differences of autophagy-related genes are instrumental in stratifying the risk of early relapse after surgery and evaluating the prognosis of patients with stages I–III colon cancer. Therefore, propensity score matching analysis was performed between patients in early relapse group and long-term survival group from GSE39582 test series and internal validation series. Using Cox regression model, a nine-autophagy-related signature (CAPN2, ATG16L2, TP63, SIRT1, RPS6KB1, PEX3, ATG5, UVRAG, NAF1) was established to classify patients into those at high risk of early relapse (high-risk group), and those at low risk of early relapse (low-risk group). Relapse-free survival (RFS) was significantly different between the two groups in test [hazard ratio (HR): 2.019, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.362–2.992, P < 0.001], internal validation (HR: 2.464, 95% CI: 1.196–5.079, P < 0.001) and another two external validation series (GSE14333—HR: 2.250, 95% CI: 1.227–4.126, P = 0.007; GSE33113—HR: 5.552, 95% CI: 2.098–14.693, P < 0.001). Then, based on RFS, we developed a nomogram, integrating the nine-autophagy-related classifier and four clinicopathological risk factors to evaluate prognosis of stages I–III colon cancer patients. Time-dependent receiver operating curve at 2 years showed that the integrated signature (area under curve = 0.758) had better prognostic accuracy than American Joint Committee on Cancer TNM stage (area under curve = 0.620). In conclusion, we identified and built a nine-autophagy-related signature, a credible approach to early relapse prediction in stages I–III colon cancer patients, which can assist physicians in devising more efficient therapeutic strategies.
Risk of lung adenocarcinoma from smoking and radiation arises in distinct molecular pathways
Authors: Castelletti Noemi , Kaiser Jan Christian , Simonetto Cristoforo , Furukawa Kyoji , Küchenhoff Helmut , Stathopoulos Georgios T 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
KRAS mutations of lung adenocarcinoma (LADC) are associated with smoking but little is known on other exposure-oncogene associations. Hypothesizing that different inciting agents may cause different driver mutations, we aimed to identify distinct molecular pathways to LADC, applying two entirely different approaches. First, we examined clinicopathologic features and genomic signatures of environmental exposures in the large LADC Campbell data set. Second, we designed a molecular mechanistic risk model of LADC (M3LADC) that links environmental exposure to incidence risk by mathematically emulating the disease process. This model was applied to incidence data of Japanese atom-bomb survivors which contains information on radiation and smoking exposure. Grouping the clinical data by driver mutations revealed two main distinct molecular pathways to LADC: one unique to transmembrane receptor-mutant patients that displayed robust signatures of radiation exposure and one shared between submembrane transducer-mutant patients and patients with no evident driver mutation that carried the signature of smoking. Consistently, best fit of the incidence data was achieved with a M3LADC with two pathways: in one LADC risk increased with radiation exposure and in the other with cigarette consumption. We conclude there are two main molecular pathways to LADC associated with different environmental exposures. Future molecular measurements in lung cancer tissue of atom-bomb survivors may allow to further test quantitatively the M3LADC-predicted link of radiation to transmembrane receptor mutations. Moreover, the developed molecular mechanistic model showed that for low doses, as relevant e.g. for medical imaging, smokers have the same radiation risk compared with never smokers.
Friend or Foe: Cultural Fusion Theory and Media Coverage of Syrian Refugees in Turkey
Authors: Bilge Nurhayat 
Published: February 2019

AbstractUsing principles of Cultural Fusion Theory (Croucher & Kramer, 2017), this study focuses on representations of Syrian refugees in mainstream Turkish newspapers to determine: (a) how the host culture media portrays newcomers; and (b) what the implications of these portrayals are in terms of an effective cultural fusion between the two communities. The study entailed content analysis of five Turkish newspapers. A keyword search of the words Syrian (Suriyeli) and refugee (mülteci) were entered into the archives of these newspapers. The search yielded a total of 2,887 news articles and 373 commentary items. The results display the significance of Cultural Fusion Theory principles and challenges that exist to achieve effective cultural fusion.