bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultrasmall MoS3 Loaded GO Nanocomposites as High‐Rate and Long‐Cycle‐Life Anode Materials for Lithium‐ and Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Zhou Yanli , Li Yanyan , Wang Qianqian , Wang Qi , Du Rong , Zhang Ming , Sun Xueqin , Zhang Xiaoyu , Kang Litao , Jiang Fuyi 
Published: May 2019

AbstractMoS3 is a promising anode material due to its high theoretical capacity (838 mAh g−1), high conductivity, low cost, and environmental friendliness. However, the big volume changes upon cycling can induce particle pulverization, leading to a poor cycling performance, especially at high rates. Herein, nanocomposites of amorphous ultrasmall MoS3 nanoparticles and loaded graphene oxide (GO/MoS3) have been prepared via a facile acid precipitation method. Three nanocomposites were obtained by changing the amounts of GO. They were employed as anode materials for both lithium‐ and sodium‐ion batteries. Using GO as the buffer layer, the volume changes can be effectively suppressed. The material exhibits better lithium‐ and sodium‐storage performances than pure MoS3. An optimized nanocomposite containing 30 mg of GO shows the highest specific capacity of 685 mAh g−1 after 1000 cycles, even at 2 A g−1. Different from lithium‐ion batteries, the nanocomposite containing 50 mg of GO demonstrates a superior cycling stability in sodium‐ion batteries in comparison with the other nanocomposites. It delivers a high reversible specific capacity of 272 mAh g−1 after 700 cycles at 1 A g−1. The excellent electrochemical performances of these nanocomposites could be attributed to the synergistic effect of GO and MoS3.
Red‐Shifted Substrates for FAST Fluorogen‐Activating Protein Based on the GFP‐Like Chromophores
Authors: Povarova Natalia V. , Zaitseva Snizhana O. , Baleeva Nadezhda S. , Smirnov Alexander Yu. , Myasnyanko Ivan N. , Zagudaylova Marina B. , Bozhanova Nina G. , Gorbachev Dmitriy A. , Malyshevskaya Kseniya K. , Gavrikov Alexey S. , Mishin Alexander S. , Baranov Mikhail S. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractA genetically encoded fluorescent tag for live cell microscopy is presented. This tag is composed of previously published fluorogen‐activating protein FAST and a novel fluorogenic derivative of green fluorescent protein (GFP)‐like chromophore with red fluorescence. The reversible binding of the novel fluorogen and FAST is accompanied by three orders of magnitude increase in red fluorescence (580–650 nm). The proposed dye instantly stains target cellular proteins fused with FAST, washes out in a minute timescale, and exhibits higher photostability of the fluorescence signal in confocal and widefield microscopy, in contrast with previously published fluorogen:FAST complexes.
Investigating Electronic Communications in meso–meso Ethene‐Bridged Unsymmetrical Diporphyrins
Authors: Zieleniewska Anna , Guldi Dirk M. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractAt the focal point of this work is the photophysical characterization of three meso–meso ethene‐bridged diporphyrins featuring a diverse metallation pattern. Detailed investigations by means of cyclic voltammetry, absorption, fluorescence, and femto‐/nanosecond transient absorption spectroscopy revealed the impact of open‐shell nickel(II) on the electronic communication in ethene‐bridged heterobimetallic diporphyrins.
High‐Performance RuCl3 Catalyst Systems for Hydro‐Esterification of Methyl Formate and Ethylene
Authors: Li Yan‐Ru , Xu Zhong‐Ning , Bai Bing , Wang Zhi‐Qiao , Guo Guo‐Cong 
Published: May 2019

Summary of main observation and conclusionRuCl3 catalyst system has many advantages for the hydro‐esterification of methyl formate and ethylene to methyl propionate. However, the unsatisfied performance restricts the development of this route. In this work, high‐performance RuCl3 catalyst systems (RuCl3‐[PPN]Cl‐Et4NI and RuCl3‐NaI) are firstly reported for this reaction. In RuCl3‐[PPN]Cl‐Et4NI catalyst system, the conversion of methyl formate and the selectivity to methyl propionate are 93.9% and 90.9% at mild reaction conditions (165°C, 2.5 MPa), respectively. Noticeably, a simple inorganic RuCl3‐NaI catalyst system achieves 88.8% conversion of methyl formate and 97.6% selectivity to methyl propionate (86.7% yield) at same conditions. NaI, as a promoter, may inhibit the decomposition of methyl formate and be conducive to the formation of methyl propionate. The effects of solvents and promoters are investigated in detail. In addition, the reaction mechanism has been also analyzed. It is hoped to lay a certain foundation for further industrial application.
Similarity joins for high‐dimensional data using Spark
Authors: Rong Chuitian , Cheng Xiaohai , Chen Ziliang , Huo Na 
Published: May 2019

SummarySimilarity join on high‐dimensional data is a primitive operation. It is used to find all data pairs that with distance no more than ϵ from the given data set according to a specific distance measure. As the data set scale and dimension increase, computation cost increases vastly. Hadoop and Spark have become the popular platforms for big‐data analysis. Because Spark has native advantages in iterative computations, we adopted it as our platform to perform similarity joins on high‐dimensional data sets. In order to resolve problems such as data imbalance, data duplication, and redundant computation of existing works, we have proposed a new algorithm based on Symbolic aggregation and vertical decomposition. We first conduct dimension‐reduction using symbolic aggregation method. Then, we applied vertical partition operation on processed data. The join operations are performed on each vertical partition in parallel manner and the proposed new filters are utilized to prune false positives in early stage. Finally, the partial results generated from each partition will be aggregated and verified to get final results. Our proposed algorithm can significantly improve the efficiency of similarity joins on high‐dimensional data. In order to verify the efficiency and scalability of our methods, we implemented it using MapReduce and Spark. We compared our methods with existing works on public data sets, and the experimental results showed that the new methods were more efficient and scalable under different running environments.
Milk in the prevention and management of type 2 diabetes: The potential role of milk proteins
Authors: Hidayat Khemayanto , Du Xuan , Shi Bi‐Min 
Published: May 2019

SummaryGlobally, diabetes mellitus is not only considered a leading cause of mortality and morbidities but has also created a substantial economic burden. There is growing evidence that foods and their components can be implemented in the prevention and management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Increased dairy consumption has been linked to a lower risk of T2DM. The protective role of dairy foods in the development of T2DM is thought to be largely attributable to dairy nutrients, one of them being dairy protein. There is considerable evidence that milk proteins increase the postprandial insulin response and lower the postprandial blood glucose response in both healthy subjects and patients with T2DM. The exact mechanisms by which milk proteins lower postprandial glucose levels are yet to established; however, the amino acids and bioactive peptides derived from milk proteins are thought to modify a physiological milieu, which includes delayed gastric emptying and the enhancement of incretin and insulin responses, consequently leading to lower postprandial glucose levels. The present review will focus on providing a clear presentation of the potential implementation of milk proteins as a dietary supplement in the prevention and management of T2DM by summarizing the relevant supporting evidence for this particular topic.
Allyl Palladium Complexes of Cycloheptatrienyl‐Cyclopentadienyl Phosphane Ligands in Buchwald‐Hartwig Amination Reactions
Authors: Tröndle Sabrina , Freytag Matthias , Jones Peter G. , Tamm Matthias 
Published: May 2019

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue is the group of Matthias Tamm (pictures of first and last authors above) from the Technische Universität Braunschweig, Germany. The cover image shows the selective construction of allyl palladium complexes containing ancillary phosphane ligands based on [(η7‐C7H7)Ti(η5‐C5H5)] (“troticene”).
Predictors of treatment outcome in children with medically unexplained pain seeking primary care: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Wager Julia , Szybalski Katharina , Schenk Sabrina , Frosch Michael , Zernikow Boris 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackgroundMedically unexplained pain in children and adolescents is a common and increasing health care problem. Primary care is usually the first point of contact for these patients. It is the overall objective of this study to investigate treatment outcome of medically unexplained pain in paediatric primary care and to identify predictors of treatment failure.MethodIn a prospective observational cohort study with three assessments over 6 months, N = 266 children (6–17 years) presenting to paediatric primary care due to medically unexplained pain were included. The primary outcome is treatment failure after 6 months defined as disabling chronic pain. Risk factors for treatment failure were identified by means of logistic regression analyses.ResultsAt the 6‐months follow‐up, treatment proved unsuccessful in 22.6% of patients. In patients with headaches, high functional impairment and strong emotional pain burden at study inclusion, the risk for treatment failure was increased. However, when also including data on the initial treatment response, pain location and functional impairment were no longer significant. Patients who did not respond to treatment within the first 3 months were more likely to experience treatment failure (OR = 203.7 ; p < 0.001) at 6 months, as were children with a higher emotional pain burden at study inclusion (OR = 1.3; p = 0.007; R2 = 0.781).ConclusionsThis study indicates that paediatric primary care is not sufficient for nearly one‐quarter of the children with medically unexplained pain. Individuals without a positive treatment response after 3 months are at increased risk for treatment failure.SignificanceThis study investigates the treatment outcome of medically unexplained pain in paediatric primary care. Individuals with a higher emotional pain burden at the first visit and those without positive treatment response after 3 months are at increased risk for treatment failure. Therefore, a stepped‐care approach seems warranted. After an insufficient primary care trial of 3 months, patients should be transferred to pain specialists for a more intense treatment.
Optimization of DNA extraction from dental remains
Authors: Cafiero Concetta , Re Agnese , Stigliano Egidio , Bassotti Ezio , Moroni Rossana , Grippaudo Cristina 
Published: May 2019

AbstractEfficient DNA extraction procedures is a critical step involved in the process of successful DNA analysis of such samples. Various protocols have been devised for the genomic DNA extraction from human tissues and forensic stains, such as dental tissue that is the skeletal part that better preserves DNA over time. However DNA recovery is low and protocols require labor‐intensive and time‐consuming step prior to isolating genetic material. Herein, we describe an extremely fast procedure of DNA extraction from teeth compared to classical method. Sixteen teeth of 100‐year‐old human remains were divided into two groups of 8 teeth and we compared DNA yield, in term of quantity and quality, starting from two different sample preparation steps. Specifically, teeth of group 1 were treated with a classic technique based on several steps of pulverization and decalcification, while teeth of group 2 were processed following a new procedure to withdraw dental pulp. In the next phase, the samples of both group underwent the same procedure of extraction, quantification and DNA profile analysis. Our findings provide an alternative protocol to obtain a higher amount of good quality DNA in a fast time procedure, helpful for forensic and anthropological studies.
The evolution of price discovery in us equity and derivatives markets
Authors: Wallace Damien , Kalev Petko S. , Lian Guanhua 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThis study considers the evolution of price discovery in the S&P 500 E‐mini futures and the corresponding exchange traded fund (SPY ETF) over the period January 2002 through December 2013. The study reports evidence that the E‐mini futures dominate price discovery at the beginning of the sample period. However, from 2007 onward both the SPY ETF and E‐mini futures contribute similar portions to the price discovery process. The level of price discovery is significantly influenced by volume measures and relative levels of transaction costs for both securities.
The histologic spectrum of soft tissue spindle cell tumors with NTRK3 gene rearrangements
Authors: Suurmeijer Albert J. , Dickson Brendan C. , Swanson David , Zhang Lei , Sung Yun‐Shao , Huang Hsuan‐Ying , Fletcher Christopher D. , Antonescu Cristina R. 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACTNTRK3‐rearranged tumors other than infantile fibrosarcomas (IFSs) harboring the canonical ETV6‐NTRK3 fusions are uncommon, and include mainly inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors and gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Herein, we describe an additional subset of seven tumors sharing NTRK3 gene rearrangements. The cohort included five females and two males (age range 1‐67 years). Tumors were located in extremities, trunk, retroperitoneum, or intra‐abdominal. In all tumors, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) revealed rearrangements in NTRK3 accompanied by NTRK3 amplification in two cases. In three cases, RNA sequencing identified a fusion transcript composed of NTRK3 exon 14 fused to ETV6, TFG, and TPM4, respectively, retaining the NTRK3 kinase domain. All tumors were positive for pan‐TRK by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Two cases showed low‐ to intermediate‐grade histology composed of monomorphic spindle cells arranged in a patternless architecture, stromal bands, and perivascular rings of hyalinized collagen and coexpression of S100 and CD34. The remaining five cases were high‐grade fascicular monomorphic spindle cell sarcomas, morphologically somewhat reminiscent of either malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) or fibrosarcomas (FSs). Two high‐grade NTRK3 sarcomas showed aggressive clinical behavior with development of lung metastases. Identification of high‐grade NTRK3‐rearranged sarcomas is clinically important, since the development of selective NTRK inhibitors has opened new avenues for targeted therapy. Although IHC for pan‐TRK can be applied as a screening tool, molecular studies are recommended for a conclusive diagnosis of NTRK‐rearranged neoplasms.
A comprehensive review of sectorial contribution towards greenhouse gas emissions and progress in carbon capture and storage in Pakistan
Authors: Hussain Mudassar , Butt Abdul R. , Uzma Faiza , Ahmed Rafay , Islam Tahir , Yousaf Balal 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe extreme amount of greenhouse gases (GHGs) being released into the atmosphere has proved to be a globally challenging phenomenon that leads to changes in the climate and global warming. The amount of GHGs in the atmosphere has escalated immensely, with a substantial growth of 5.8% in 2010; a similar increase was observed in Pakistan as well. In Pakistan, carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions stand at 54% of total GHG emissions whereas methane, nitrous oxide, carbon monoxide and volatile organic carbon contribute to emissions at 36%, 9%, 0.75% and 0.3%, respectively. One of the key reasons for climatic changes is GHG emission generation from human interventions and activities related to transportation, urban development, industrialization, energy sources, farming and agriculture, waste's improper management, land use and forestry. In 2011, Pakistan's entire GHG emissions were a whopping 347 Mt of CO2‐eq, and by 2050, they are estimated to reach 4621 Mt CO2‐eq. This review evaluates and assesses GHG emissions generating from various sectors in Pakistan, in a socio‐scientific prospect that is caused by human activities and interventions in different economic sectors in Pakistan, endangering the environment across the country. Additionally, the review examines the current level of GHG emissions while accounting for China–Pakistan Economic Corridor–based emissions, abatement strategies including development of a state‐of‐the‐art technique for carbon capture and storage/utilization technologies in Pakistan. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A new permeation model in porous filler–based mixed matrix membranes for CO2 separation
Authors: Moftakhari Sharifzadeh Mohammad Mehdi , Zamani Pedram Mona , Ebadi Amooghin Abtin 
Published: May 2019

AbstractIn this paper, a novel comprehensive permeation model for mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) is introduced. This model shows the importance of understanding and developing a more reliable model for the permeation behavior of MMMs containing porous filler nanoparticles. A new method is established to provide a more precise/large‐scale three‐dimensional MMMs geometry. The required number of spherical porous fillers in random/nonuniform positions in the polymer matrix is calculated. Interfacial equilibrium constant (K) at the polymer/filler interfaces was adjusted as the concentration ratio of the diffusing penetrants (C2 and C1) at the interface, respectively. In this case, the K values are changed by varying the intended gaseous concentration due to their permeation through the MMM. Hence, its effect on penetrants effective diffusion coefficient was examined. Then, the obtained results were evaluated with similar experimental data, which showed much consistency. Therefore, the accurate calculation method for MMMs permeability was governed for the entire range of the operating pressures in MMMs. The results showed that the permeability of MMMs increases with increasing filler particle size. On the other hand, variations that occur in the MMM permeability at various particle size were much more distinct at higher loadings. Moreover, some well‐known analytical permeation models were used to compare and validate the model's permeability results. It can be concluded that this model provides a method for more precise and realistic design of MMMs as well as to better construe the large number of related experimental data. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Online information and support for carers of people with young‐onset dementia: A multi‐site randomised controlled pilot study
Authors: Metcalfe Anna , Jones Bridget , Mayer Johannes , Gage Heather , Oyebode Jan , Boucault Sarah , Aloui Sabrina , Schwertel Uta , Böhm Markus , Tezenas du Montcel Sophie , Lebbah Said , De Mendonça Alexandre , De Vugt Marjolein , Graff Caroline , Jansen Sabine , Hergueta Thierry , Dubois Bruno , Kurz Alexander 
Published: May 2019

ObjectivesThe European RHAPSODY project sought to develop and test an online information and support programme for caregivers of individuals diagnosed with young onset dementia. The objectives were to assess user acceptability and satisfaction with the programme and to test outcome measures for a larger effectiveness study.DesignA pilot randomised controlled trial in England, France, and Germany was conducted with 61 caregivers for adults with young onset Alzheimer's disease or frontotemporal degeneration. Evaluations at baseline, week 6, and week 12 assessed user acceptability and satisfaction. Use of the programme was measured from online back‐end data. Qualitative feedback on user experiences was collected via semi‐structured interviews. Measures of caregiver well‐being (self‐efficacy, stress, burden, frequency of patient symptoms, and caregiver reactions) were explored for use in a subsequent trial.ResultsParticipants logged in online on average once a week over a 6‐week period, consulting approximately 31% of programme content. Seventy percent of participants described the programme as useful and easy to use. Eighty‐five percent expressed intent to use the resource in the future. Reductions in reported levels of stress and caregivers' negative reactions to memory symptoms were observed following use of the programme.ConclusionsResults indicated that the RHAPSODY programme was acceptable and useful to caregivers. The programme may be complementary to existing services in responding to the specific needs of families affected by young onset dementia. Distribution of the programme is underway in England, France, Germany, and Portugal.
Brain biomarkers and cognition across adulthood
Authors: Tsapanou Angeliki , Habeck Christian , Gazes Yunglin , Razlighi Qolamreza , Sakhardande Jayant , Stern Yaakov , Salthouse Timothy A. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractUnderstanding the associations between brain biomarkers (BMs) and cognition across age is of paramount importance. Five hundred and sixty‐two participants (19–80 years old, 16 mean years of education) were studied. Data from structural T1, diffusion tensor imaging, fluid‐attenuated inversion recovery, and resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging scans combined with a neuropsychological evaluation were used. More specifically, the measures of cortical, entorhinal, and parahippocampal thickness, hippocampal and striatal volume, default‐mode network and fronto‐parietal control network, fractional anisotropy (FA), and white matter hyperintensity (WMH) were assessed. z‐Scores for three cognitive domains measuring episodic memory, executive function, and speed of processing were computed. Multiple linear regressions and interaction effects between each of the BMs and age on cognition were examined. Adjustments were made for age, sex, education, intracranial volume, and then, further, for general cognition and motion. BMs were significantly associated with cognition. Across the adult lifespan, slow speed was associated with low striatal volume, low FA, and high WMH burden. Poor executive function was associated with low FA, while poor memory was associated with high WMH burden. After adjustments, results were significant for the associations: speed‐FA and WMH, memory‐entorhinal thickness. There was also a significant interaction between hippocampal volume and age in memory. In age‐stratified analyses, the most significant associations for the young group occurred between FA and executive function, WMH, and memory, while for the old group, between entorhinal thickness and speed, and WMH and speed, executive function. Unique sets of BMs can explain variation in specific cognitive domains across adulthood. Such results provide essential information about the neurobiology of aging.