bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ZNF300 stimulates fatty acid oxidation and alleviates hepatosteatosis through regulating PPARα
Authors: Yan Feng-Juan , Wang Yong-Jian , Yan Shi-Ran , Lu Jun , Zheng Yuan-Lin 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
ZNF300 plays an important role in the regulation of HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma. However, little is known about the role of ZNF300 in lipid metabolism and NAFLD. In the present study, we observed that ZNF300 expression was markedly decreased in free fatty acid (FFA)-induced fatty liver. Overexpressed ZNF300 alleviated hepatic lipid accumulation, whereas knockdown of ZNF300 enhanced the FFA-induced lipid accumulation. Investigations of the underlying mechanisms revealed that ZNF300 directly binds to and regulates the PPARα expression, thus promoting fatty acid oxidation. Furthermore, bisulfite pyrosequencing PCR (BSP) analysis identified the hypermethylation status of ZNF300 gene in FFA-treated hepatocytes. Importantly, the suppression of ZNF300 could be blocked by DNA methyltransferase inhibitor (5-azadC) or DNMT3a-siRNA. These results suggested that ZNF300 plays an important role in hepatic lipid metabolism via PPARα promoting fatty acid oxidation and this effect might be blocked by DNMT3a-mediated methylation of ZNF300. Therefore, in addition to ZNF300 expression levels, the methylation status of this gene also has a potential as a prognostic biomarker.
Study on lightning overvoltage and commutation failure in UHV AC/DC hybrid system
Authors: Fang Shengwei , Zhang Li , Zou Liang , Chen Yongshuai , Wang Yali 
Published: December 2018

Due to the high UHV AC/DC transmission line tower, the working voltage amplitude on the wire is large, causing lightning accidents. The paper first analyses the impact of lightning strike point on lightning overvoltage of 1000 kV UHV transformer substation and determines the research object of lightning intruding wave overvoltage. Second, the influence of the impact grounding resistance of transformer side lightning arrester and transmission line tower on invaded wave is analysed. Finally, the commutation failure of HVDC system was analysed, and the simulation tests were carried out by CIGER standard model in PSCAD and Simulink, valve voltage and valve current waveform can be used as a new basis for judgment. The conclusion shows that the analysis of UHV AC/DC hybrid system commutation failure should start from the DC system to study, and commutation failure directly related to the failure, operating conditions, and other factors.
Nitrogen abundance in the X-ray halos of clusters and groups of galaxies
Authors: Mao Junjie , de Plaa Jelle , Kaastra Jelle S. , Pinto Ciro , Gu Liyi , Mernier François , Yan Hong-Liang , Zhang Yu-Ying , Akamatsu Hiroki 
Published: December 2018

Context.Chemical abundances in the X-ray halos (also known as the intracluster medium, ICM) of clusters and groups of galaxies can be measured via prominent emission line features in their X-ray spectra. Elemental abundances are footprints of time-integrated yields of various stellar populations that have left their specific abundance patterns prior to and during the cluster and group evolution.Aim.We aim to constrain nitrogen abundances in the CHEmical Evolution RGS Sample (CHEERS), which contains 44 nearby groups and clusters of galaxies, to gain a better understanding of their chemical enrichment.Method.We examined the high-resolution spectra of the CHEERS sample and took various systematic effects in the spectral modelling into account. We compared the observed abundance ratios with those in the Galactic stellar populations and also with predictions from stellar yields (low- and intermediate-mass stars, massive stars, and degenerate stars).Results.The nitrogen abundance can only be well constrained (≳3σ) in one cluster of galaxies and seven groups of galaxies. The [O/Fe] – [Fe/H] relation of the ICM is comparable to that for the Galaxy, while the [N/Fe] and [N/O] ratios of the ICM are both higher than in the Galaxy. Future studies on nitrogen radial distributions are required to tell whether the obtained higher [N/Fe] and [N/O] ratios are biased as a result of the small extraction region (r/r500 ≲ 0.05) that we adopt here. Since abundances of odd-Zelements are more sensitive to the initial metallicity of stellar populations, accurate abundance measurements of N, Na, and Al are required to better constrain the chemical enrichment in the X-ray halos of clusters and groups of galaxies.
Synthesis of Chiral 3-Substituted 3-Amino-2-oxindoles through Enantioselective Catalytic Domino and Tandem Reactions
Authors: Pellissier Hélène 
Published: December 2018

The goal of this review is to collect the major developments in the catalytic asymmetric synthesis of 3-substituted 3-amino-2-oxindoles through enantioselective catalytic domino and tandem reactions reported since 2011.1	Introduction2	Organocatalyzed Reactions3	Metal-Catalyzed Reactions4	Conclusion
Fibromyalgia and Irritable Bowel Syndrome in Female Pelvic Pain
Authors: Johnson Christina , Makai Gretchen 
Published: December 2018

AbstractFibromyalgia and irritable bowel syndrome are common disorders which often coexist in women with chronic pelvic pain. Like pelvic pain, these disorders describe symptoms without pathologic findings. Women with chronic pelvic pain have a higher prevalence of fibromyalgia (4–31%) and irritable bowel syndrome (8–41%) than the general population. Aberrant pain processing and psychosocial stressors are implicated in the co-occurrence of these pain syndromes (chronic overlapping pain conditions), but active epidemiologic, psychosocial, and neurobiologic research is ongoing. Given the higher prevalence of fibromyalgia and irritable bowel syndrome in women with chronic pelvic pain, gynecologists should have more education in diagnosis and treatment of these and other chronic overlapping pain conditions to improve care for women.
Feeling the Force: Measurements of Platelet Contraction and Their Diagnostic Implications
Authors: Williams Evelyn , Oshinowo Oluwamayokun , Ravindran Abhijit , Lam Wilbur , Myers David 
Published: December 2018

AbstractIn addition to the classical biological and biochemical framework, blood clots can also be considered as active biomaterials composed of dynamically contracting platelets, nascent polymeric fibrin that functions as a matrix scaffold, and entrapped blood cells. As platelets sense, rearrange, and apply forces to the surrounding microenvironment, they dramatically change the material properties of the nascent clot, increasing its stiffness by an order of magnitude. Hence, the mechanical properties of blood clots are intricately tied to the forces applied by individual platelets. Research has also shown that the pathophysiological changes in clot mechanical properties are associated with bleeding and clotting disorders, cancer, stroke, ischemic heart disease, and more. By approaching the study of hemostasis and thrombosis from a biophysical and mechanical perspective, important insights have been made into how the mechanics of clotting and the forces applied by platelets are linked to various diseases. This review will familiarize the reader with a mechanics framework that is contextualized with relevant biology. The review also includes a discussion of relevant tools used to study platelet forces either directly or indirectly, and finally, concludes with a summary of potential links between clotting forces and disease.
Surface Acoustic Wave-Based Microfluidic Coagulation Device for Monitoring Anticoagulant Therapy
Authors: Harder Sebastian , Santos Sascha , Krozer Viktor , Moll Jochen 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAn universal coagulation test that reliably detects prolonged coagulation times in patients, regardless of which anticoagulant is administered, is not yet available. The authors developed a novel, miniaturized device utilizing surface acoustic waves (SAW) to detect clotting, and used it to develop a novel universal microfluidic coagulation test. Results from this assay were compared with results from standard coagulation assays to detect classical anticoagulants (unfractionated heparin, argatroban) and direct oral anticoagulants (dabigatran, rivaroxaban). The SAW-clotting time (SAW-CT) of this novel device was prolonged in a dose-dependent manner for heparin, argatroban, dabigatran, and rivaroxaban, comparable to standard assays. The authors confirmed the clinical utility of this device in a small patient population admitted to a stroke unit. Preliminary clinical data prove the suitability of the SAW-CT in patients receiving warfarin, rivaroxaban, or dabigatran. The device could be particularly useful as a point-of-care test to assess whole blood coagulation (e.g., in stroke units or in other emergency settings).
Pathological Clotting and Deep Vein Thrombosis in Patients with HIV
Authors: Jackson Brandon , Pretorius Etheresia 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe number of people infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is rapidly increasing and the majority of those infected are living in sub-Saharan Africa. Some hallmarks of HIV are inflammation and upregulation of inflammatory markers. A pathological coagulation system may accompany these inflammatory changes and potentially result in venous thromboembolism such as a deep vein thrombosis (DVT). In this review, the authors describe the inflammatory profile in HIV, the treatment regimens currently in place in South Africa, and in particular how HIV affects the hematological system, with specific focus on platelets, red blood cells (RBCs; erythrocytes), and fibrin(ogen). They also discuss the presence of DVT in HIV, focus on screening tests, and suggest a more proactive approach to track the inflammatory profile of HIV patients, by specifically using parameters that might point to pathological coagulation; these should involve platelet, RBC, and fibrin(ogen) analysis. They conclude by suggesting that including coagulation function tests to study the effect of treatment interventions would improve outcomes in these individuals, as it could help in the diagnosis of thromboembolic disease. Furthermore, this approach could streamline treatment strategies due to improved monitoring. A better understanding of hypercoagulability of HIV-infected patients is therefore urgently needed. In conclusion, the authors suggest a panel of pathology tests that should be considered as standard procedures when HIV is present.
Antiplatelet Therapy Monitoring in Neonates and Children
Authors: Huang Joanna , Soeharto Diajeng , Damara Ivan , Ignjatovic Vera , Linden Matthew , Monagle Paul 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAntiplatelet agents are used for the prevention and treatment of thromboembolic disease in an increasingly complex population of pediatric patients. Despite their importance for clinical outcome, there is no consensus on the most effective monitoring strategies. This review describes the current state of knowledge focusing on antiplatelet therapy monitoring in children. The authors searched five databases (PubMed-NCBI, MEDLINE-OVID, SCOPUS-Elsevier, ScienceDirect, and Cochrane) from January 2000 to October 2017 using keywords selected a priori. Identified articles were sorted according to the antiplatelet agents administered, methods of antiplatelet monitoring, and outcome measures. Twenty studies were included, with 14 cohort studies, 3 randomized controlled trials, and 3 cross-sectional studies. Eleven different antiplatelet monitoring tools were used, with the most common being Light Transmission Aggregometry, Urinary Thromboxane, Thromboelastography with Platelet Mapping, and VerifyNow. In the majority of studies, antiplatelet therapy monitoring was used to describe adequacy or responsiveness to treatment based on laboratory cut-off values, which were not uniform and sourced from adult studies or extrapolated from test manuals. Several studies evaluated monitoring related to clinical outcome or adjusted therapy to reach predefined therapeutic targets. There was no single laboratory method found to be distinctly better for monitoring antiplatelet treatment. Associations between laboratory assays and clinical outcomes or assays and gold standard measurements were highly inconsistent. The current literature lacks consensus on clinical benefits and measurable effects of monitoring antiplatelet therapy in pediatric patients. This review highlights important areas for research required to determine the value of antiplatelet therapy monitoring in children.
Association between Uterine Tachysystole during the Last Hour of Labor and Cord Blood Lactate in Parturients at Term Gestation
Authors: Palanisamy Arvind , Lopez Julia , Frolova Antonina , Macones George , Cahill Alison G. 
Published: December 2018

Objective To assess whether uterine tachysystole (UT) in labor causes an increase in cord blood lactate.
Study Design Secondary analysis of a prospective cohort study of all consecutive singleton gestations ≥ 37 weeks admitted for labor to a single tertiary care institution with universal cord gas policy. Patients with UT in the last hour (“always”) were compared with those without UT (“never”). Primary outcome of interest was cord blood lactate ≥ 4 mmol/L. Secondary outcomes included pH ≤ 7.10, base deficit ≥ 8 mmol/L, and admission to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate the risk for elevated cord blood lactate after adjusting for maternal age and body mass index.
Results Of the 8,580 patients included in the analysis, 513 experienced UT 1 hour before delivery (5.9%). UT was significantly associated with elevated cord blood lactate in the “always” (33.5%) compared with the “never” group (26%) (adjusted odds ratio 1.47 [1.17, 1.86]; p < 0.01). However, there were no differences in either umbilical arterial pH, base deficit, or NICU admission rates.
Conclusion UT in the last hour preceding delivery increases arterial cord blood lactate suggesting that UT proximate to delivery should be considered as a variable when interpreting cord blood gas values.
Dolor abdominal: causas poco frecuentes
Authors: Paba Mariángela , Hernández Pinzón Jairo , Jeanmaire Esteban , Larrañaga Nebil , Espil Germán , Kozima Shigeru 
Published: December 2018

ResumenEl dolor abdominal es una de las causas más frecuentes de consulta médica, existen algunas causas comunes con una aproximación diagnóstica sencilla; otras causas poco prevalentes representan un reto diagnóstico para el especialista en diagnóstico por imágenes debido a su presentación clínica inespecífica, baja sospecha diagnóstica y escasa frecuencia. Sin embargo, algunas de esas entidades infrecuentes presentan hallazgos característicos en los diferentes métodos de imágenes. En este trabajo, presentamos los hallazgos radiológicos de causas infrecuentes de dolor abdominal que han sido diagnosticadas en nuestra institución en los últimos 10 años.
Technical Aspects in Esophageal Lengthening: An Investigation of Traction Procedures and Suturing Techniques in Swine
Authors: Oetzmann von Sochaczewski Christina , Tagkalos Evangelos , Lindner Andreas , Lang Hauke , Heimann Axel , Muensterer Oliver J. 
Published: December 2018

Introduction Traction procedures are useful to preserve the child's own esophagus in long-gap forms of esophageal atresia. To date, it remains unclear what suture size or position of the traction sutures is optimal to account for differences in anatomy and to reduce the risk of traction sutures being torn out of the esophageal tissue.
Materials and Methods Explanted porcine esophagi (from swine aged 100–120 days and weighing 100–120 kg) were divided at the carinal level. Traction sutures were either placed circumferentially or only in the dorsal wall and the breaking strength—circumferential disruption of the muscular layer—was measured. Suture size (USP 4–0 vs. 5–0) was also evaluated in a similar way.
Results Neither traction suture position did not influence breaking strengths between circumferentially placed traction sutures or those exclusively placed in the dorsal esophageal wall (Δ = 0.47 N, 95% confidence interval: −2.83 to 3.76 N, p = 0.771, n = 11 per group) nor differing suture sizes of USP 4–0 and USP 5–0 (Δ = 1.46 N, 95% confidence interval: −3.2 to 0.28 N, p = 0.0946, n = 9 per group) affected breaking strengths.
Conclusion Suture size and suture positioning do not affect mechanical stability in Foker's procedure and therefore can be adapted as needed according to patient's anatomy and size.
Fallbericht: Abdominelle und pulmonale Tuberkulose bei einem 6 Jahre alten Mädchen aus Indien
Authors: Mayer S. , Zimmermann P. , Prenzel F. , Kiess W. , Schuster V. , Wurst U. 
Published: December 2018

ZusammenfassungTuberkulose zählt weltweit zu den häufigsten Infektionskrankheiten. Wie bei Erwachsenen ist die pulmonale Form die häufigste, ein abdomineller Befall ist selten. Epidemiologische Daten für Kinder sind rar, die Erkrankungsrate gilt als gering. Bedingt durch zunehmende Migrationsbewegungen steigt die Zahl der Erkrankungen in Deutschland jedoch erstmals wieder. Aufgrund der unspezifischen Symptome und erschwerten diagnostischen Bedingungen ist die Krankheitserkennung in der Pädiatrie oft prolongiert. Die Gewinnung geeigneten Materials zur Erregerdiagnostik und der oft paucibazilläre Verlauf stellen dahingehend Herausforderungen dar. Der unverzügliche Beginn einer antituberkulostatischen Therapie ist obligat und in der Regel erfolgreich.
The Influence of Demographic and Child Characteristics on Referral for Neuropsychological Evaluation
Authors: Pittenger Alexis A , Erklin Shannon , Wodka Ericka L 
Published: December 2018

AbstractObjectiveA number of studies have documented the benefits of neuropsychological evaluation as a tool for understanding brain-behavior relationships in various childhood disorders; however, little is known about the process by which children are referred for neuropsychological evaluation. From a systems perspective, it is important to understand whether there are identifiable referral patterns, and if so, how being aware of such patterns could shape the behavior of providers making those referrals. We aim to examine child characteristics that influence referral for neuropsychological evaluation.MethodsRetrospective chart review of 773 children who received neuropsychological evaluation and were diagnosed with autism, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and/or anxiety was completed. Children were divided into groups based on referral source (professional or caregiver) and compared on demographic, behavioral, and medical characteristics.ResultsOverall, professionals were more likely than caregivers to refer children for neuropsychological evaluation. Though standardized measures suggested children referred by professionals and caregivers were similar, their clinical presentation appears to be different (i.e., those referred by professionals had more comorbidities and were more likely to be prescribed psychotropic medication than those referred by caregivers). Also, children with public insurance were more likely to be referred by a professional than by their caregiver.ConclusionsFindings highlight the important role of professionals in identifying “at-risk” children and supporting families through the process of receiving further evaluation when indicated. This information can be used to create a more efficient system for evaluating children and developing treatment plans, providing neuropsychologists with direct information to share with referral sources.
Systematic selection of chemical fingerprint features improves the Gibbs energy prediction of biochemical reactions
Authors: Alazmi Meshari , Kuwahara Hiroyuki , Soufan Othman , Ding Lizhong , Gao Xin 
Published: December 2018

AbstractMotivationAccurate and wide-ranging prediction of thermodynamic parameters for biochemical reactions can facilitate deeper insights into the workings and the design of metabolic systems.ResultsHere, we introduce a machine learning method with chemical fingerprint-based features for the prediction of the Gibbs free energy of biochemical reactions. From a large pool of 2D fingerprint-based features, this method systematically selects a small number of relevant ones and uses them to construct a regularized linear model. Since a manual selection of 2D structure-based features can be a tedious and time-consuming task, requiring expert knowledge about the structure-activity relationship of chemical compounds, the systematic feature selection step in our method offers a convenient means to identify relevant 2D fingerprint-based features. By comparing our method with state-of-the-art linear regression-based methods for the standard Gibbs free energy prediction, we demonstrated that its prediction accuracy and prediction coverage are most favorable. Our results show direct evidence that a number of 2D fingerprints collectively provide useful information about the Gibbs free energy of biochemical reactions and that our systematic feature selection procedure provides a convenient way to identify them.Availability and implementationOur software is freely available for download at http://sfb.kaust.edu.sa/Pages/Software.aspx.Supplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Smooth orientation-dependent scoring function for coarse-grained protein quality assessment
Authors: Karasikov Mikhail , Pagès Guillaume , Grudinin Sergei 
Published: December 2018

AbstractMotivationProtein quality assessment (QA) is a crucial element of protein structure prediction, a fundamental and yet open problem in structural bioinformatics. QA aims at ranking predicted protein models to select the best candidates. The assessment can be performed based either on a single model or on a consensus derived from an ensemble of models. The latter strategy can yield very high performance but substantially depends on the pool of available candidate models, which limits its applicability. Hence, single-model QA methods remain an important research target, also because they can assist the sampling of candidate models.ResultsWe present a novel single-model QA method called SBROD. The SBROD (Smooth Backbone-Reliant Orientation-Dependent) method uses only the backbone protein conformation, and hence it can be applied to scoring coarse-grained protein models. The proposed method deduces its scoring function from a training set of protein models. The SBROD scoring function is composed of four terms related to different structural features: residue–residue orientations, contacts between backbone atoms, hydrogen bonding and solvent–solute interactions. It is smooth with respect to atomic coordinates and thus is potentially applicable to continuous gradient-based optimization of protein conformations. Furthermore, it can also be used for coarse-grained protein modeling and computational protein design. SBROD proved to achieve similar performance to state-of-the-art single-model QA methods on diverse datasets (CASP11, CASP12 and MOULDER).Availability and implementationThe standalone application implemented in C++ and Python is freely available at https://gitlab.inria.fr/grudinin/sbrod and supported on Linux, MacOS and Windows.Supplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.