bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cross‐Linkable Liquid‐Crystalline Biopolyesteramide as a Multifunctional Polymeric Platform Designed from Corn Oil Side‐Stream Product of Bioethanol Industry
Authors: Pin Jean‐Mathieu , Misra Manjusri , Mohanty Amar K. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractA tunable biopolyesteramide platform is designed from the corn oil (CnO) side‐stream product of bioethanol industry. The (trans)amidation of CnO by diethanolamine (DEA) leads to the generation of a diol monomer (MCnO). The subsequent polymerization of MCnO with maleic anhydride (MA) generated a new kind of branched and brushed amphiphilic polymer (PCnO). This explorative investigation aims to understand the relationship between the reactivity, topology, self‐organization, and photoluminescence properties of PCnO and its cross‐linked homologous (CPCnO). This strategy offers an easy, inexpensive, and versatile way to design sustainable and soft smart materials.
MARVELD1 interacting with catalase regulates reactive oxygen species metabolism and mediates the sensitivity to chemotherapeutic drugs in epithelial tumors of the reproductive system
Authors: Zhang Chunbin , Han Fang , Shi Ming , Sun Haoxiu , Li Yiqun , Ci Yanpeng , Yao Yuanfei , Dou Peng , Akhtar Muhammad luqman , Nie Huan , He Jie , Li Yu 
Published: May 2019

AbstractPrevious investigations have found that MARVEL domain‐containing 1 (MARVELD1) could inhibit tumor cell proliferation and enhance the sensitivity to chemotherapeutic drugs in hepatocellular carcinoma. Hence, it may be a valuable therapeutic target. In the study, we analyzed the responsive changes of MARVELD1 to 25 stress factors and expression of MARVELD1 in epithelial tumors of the reproductive system. We found that MARVELD1 was transferred to the cytoplasm and mitochondria under cell stress. And under cellular stress, the reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels decreased in MARVELD1 expressed cells while increased in the cells of MARVELD1‐specific siRNA treatment. Meanwhile, MARVELD1 overexpression significantly promoted the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation under cellular stress via affecting ROS metabolism, not cell cycle. In xenograft tumor tissues with MARVELD1 expression, the tumor growth was inhibited and accompanied by the lower ROS levels. Furthermore, we identified that MARVELD1 could interact with catalase (CAT) to enhance latter activity and maintain stability. And the enhanced sensitivity to chemotherapeutic drugs clearly depended on the ability of MARVELD1 scavenge the ROS in carcinoma cells of the reproductive system. Our findings clearly explain that MARVELD1 may regulate tumor cell proliferation and sensitivity to chemotherapeutic drugs via reducing the exorbitant ROS. The mechanism was that MARVELD1 interacted with CAT to maintain latter stability, and then ensure continuous ROS scavenge.
Identification and Peptidomic Profiling of Exosomes in Preterm Human Milk: Insights Into Necrotizing Enterocolitis Prevention
Authors: Wang Xingyun , Yan Xiangyun , Zhang Le , Cai Jinyang , Zhou Yahui , Liu Heng , Hu Yin , Chen Wenjuan , Xu Siliang , Liu Peipei , Chen Ting , Zhang Jun , Cao Yan , Yu Zhangbin , Han Shuping 
Published: May 2019

ScopeHuman breast milk has been shown to prevent necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). Although exosomes have been identified in breast milk, their function and components have not been fully addressed. This study is conducted to elucidate the differences in peptidomic complexities between preterm and term milk exosomes.Methods and resultsBreast milk samples are collected from healthy lactating mothers who have delivered term and preterm infants. Exosomes are separated and quantified. The protective effects of purified exosomes against NEC are investigated both in vitro and in vivo. The peptidomic complexities in term and preterm milk exosomes are analyzed by iTRAQ LC‐MS/MS to screen differentially expressed exosomal peptides. Preterm milk exosomes administration significantly enhances proliferation and migration of intestinal epithelial cells compared with term milk exosomes. A total of 70 peptides are found to be significantly modulated in preterm milk samples compared to term milk samples. Of these, 47 peptides are upregulated, and 23 peptides are downregulated. Bioinformatics analysis suggests several potential regulatory roles of the altered peptides in intestinal epithelial cell function.ConclusionThese results reveal the differences for the first time in peptidomic complexities between preterm and term milk exosomes. Milk exosome administration might be a promising prevention for NEC.
Glucose and Lipid Homeostasis and Inflammation in Humans Following an Isocaloric Ketogenic Diet
Authors: Rosenbaum Michael , Hall Kevin D. , Guo Juen , Ravussin Eric , Mayer Laurel S. , Reitman Marc L. , Smith Steven R. , Walsh B. Timothy , Leibel Rudolph L. 
Published: May 2019

ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to measure changes in glucose, lipid, and inflammation parameters after transitioning from a baseline diet (BD) to an isocaloric ketogenic diet (KD).MethodsGlucose homeostasis, lipid homeostasis, and inflammation were studied in 17 men (BMI: 25‐35 kg/m2) during 4 weeks of a BD (15% protein, 50% carbohydrate, 35% fat) followed by 4 weeks of an isocaloric KD (15% protein, 5% carbohydrate, 80% fat). Postprandial responses were assessed following mixed‐meal tests matched to compositions of the BD (control meal [CM]) and KD (ketogenic meal).ResultsFasting ketones, glycerol, free fatty acids, glucagon, adiponectin, gastric inhibitory peptide, total and low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, and C‐reactive protein were significantly increased on the KD. Fasting insulin, C‐peptides, triglycerides, and fibroblast growth factor 21 were significantly decreased. During the KD, the glucose area under the curve was significantly higher with both test meals, and the insulin area under the curve was significantly higher only for the CM. Analyses of glucose homeostasis suggested that the KD insulin sensitivity decreased during the CM but increased during the ketogenic meal. Insulin‐mediated antilipolysis was decreased on the KD regardless of meal type.ConclusionsSwitching to the KD was associated with increased cholesterol and inflammatory markers, decreased triglycerides, and decreased insulin‐mediated antilipolysis. Glucose homeostasis parameters were diet dependent and test meal dependent.
Oral squamous cell carcinoma occurring secondary to oral lichen planus around the dental implant: A case report
Authors: Noguchi Kazuma , Moridera Kuniyasu , Sotsuka Yohei , Yamanegi Koji , Takaoka Kazuki , Kishimoto Hiromitsu 
Published: May 2019

AbstractOral lichen planus (OLP) or chronic inflammation is a risk factor for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). We report a case of OSCC derived from OLP around dental implant (DI) in a 78‐year‐old woman. First incisional biopsy of this region was diagnosed as OLP. Epidermal hyperplasia was revealed in a second biopsy performed after 1 year and 4 months. After 8 months, OSCC occurred on the same site and surgical treatment was successfully performed. This case may present a process of malignant conversion from OLP to OSCC via epithelial hyperplasia. There is a possibility that periimplantitis was involved in this change.
Preparation and property evaluations of zeolite rigid foam composites
Authors: Wang Xiao‐Xiao , Peng Hao‐Kai , Li Ting‐Ting , Lou Ching‐Wen , Wang Yan‐Ting , Lin Jia‐Horng 
Published: May 2019

AbstractPolyether polyol, isocyanate, and a flame retardant (10 wt%), zeolite (0 wt%, 1 wt%, 3 wt%, 5 wt%, 7 wt%, and 9 wt%) are used to form the rigid polyurethane (PU) foam, while a nylon nonwoven fabrics (400 g/m2) and a polyester aluminum foil are combined to serve as the panel. The rigid PU foam and the panel are combined to form the rigid foam composites. The cell structure, compressive stress, combustion resistance, thermal stability, thermal conductivity, sound absorption, and electromagnetic shielding effectiveness (EMSE) of the rigid foam composites are evaluated, examining the effects of using flame retardant agent and zeolite. When the zeolite is 5 wt%, the rigid foam composites have an optimal density of 0.172 g/cm3, an average cell size of 0.2131 mm, a maximum compressive stress of 460.03Kpa, an optimal LOI of 28, and optimal EMSE of 40 dB, and the maximum thermal stability, thermal insulation, and sound absorption.
The effects of prior co‐investments on the performance of venture capitalist syndicates: A relational agency perspective
Authors: Bellavitis Cristiano , Rietveld Joost , Filatotchev Igor 
Published: May 2019

AbstractResearch SummaryThis study provides a reconciliation of previous findings regarding the effects of prior co‐investments among venture capitalists (VCs) and the performance of VC syndicates. We propose a relational agency framework outlining cost–benefit trade‐offs associated with prior co‐investments between VCs. A longitudinal study of 4,550 U.S. ventures receiving syndicated investments from 1980 to 2017 shows that there exists an inverted U‐shaped relationship between the number of prior co‐investments and a venture's likelihood of a successful exit through initial public offering or merger and acquisition. We further find that the relationship between prior co‐investments and syndicate performance is moderated by venture‐ and partner‐specific risks.Managerial SummaryWe study the effects of prior co‐investments among venture capital (VC) firms on the performance of VC syndicates. We propose a framework outlining cost–benefit trade‐offs associated with prior co‐investments between VCs. A study of 4,550 U.S. ventures receiving syndicated investments shows that there exists an inverted U‐shaped relationship between the number of prior co‐investments and a venture's likelihood of a successful exit through initial public offering or merger and acquisition. Our findings hold implications for managers considering whom to partner with for future co‐investments and the conditions under which prior co‐investments are more or less likely to be beneficial.
A New Memristor with 2D Ti3C2Tx MXene Flakes as an Artificial Bio‐Synapse
Authors: Yan Xiaobing , Wang Kaiyang , Zhao Jianhui , Zhou Zhenyu , Wang Hong , Wang Jingjuan , Zhang Lei , Li Xiaoyan , Xiao Zuoao , Zhao Qianlong , Pei Yifei , Wang Gong , Qin Cuiya , Li Hui , Lou Jianzhong , Liu Qi , Zhou Peng 
Published: May 2019

AbstractTwo‐dimensional (2D) materials have attracted extensive research interest in academia due to their excellent electrochemical properties and broad application prospects. Among them, 2D transition metal carbides (Ti3C2Tx) show semiconductor characteristics and are studied widely. However, there are few academic reports on the use of 2D MXene materials as memristors. In this work, reported is a memristor based on MXene Ti3C2Tx flakes. After electroforming, Al/Ti3C2Tx/Pt devices exhibit repeatable resistive switching (RS) behavior. More interestingly, the resistance of this device can be continuously modulated under the pulse sequence with 10 ns pulse width, and the pulse width of 10 ns is much lower than that in other reported work. Moreover, on the nanosecond scale, the transition from short‐term plasticity to long‐term plasticity is achieved. These two properties indicate that this device is favorable for ultrafast biological synapse applications and high‐efficiency training of neural networks. Through the exploration of the microstructure, Ti vacancies and partial oxidation are proposed as the origins of the physical mechanism of RS behavior. This work reveals that 2D MXene Ti3C2Tx flakes have excellent potential for use in memristor devices, which may open the door for more functions and applications.
Prevalence, risks, underlying mechanisms, preventative guidelines, and interventions of sonographer work‐related injuries: A literature review
Authors: Tinetti Celia J. , Thoirs Kerry 
Published: May 2019

AbstractWork‐related injuries (WRIs) in sonographers are concerning for sonographers and their employers. This review synthesised published guidelines, recommendations, and research relating to the prevalence, risks, underlying mechanisms, and preventative interventions of sonographer WRIs to improve understanding of the existing evidence and knowledge gaps in this area. Seventy articles published between 1985 and 2018 were identified and reviewed. Sonographer WRIs are very prevalent.Monitoring of prevalence should continue, preferably using a standardised, validated, and reproducible survey instrument. Risk factors for sonographer WRIs predominantly include not only ergonomic and postural factors, but also workflow, health status, mental stress, sonographer age, and patient characteristics. More case‐control and cohort studies are needed to provide more accurate data for determining risk factors. More studies evaluating preventative interventions using rigorous research methods which include consultation with work, health, and safety experts, and stakeholders such as sonographers, sonographer employers/managers, equipment manufacturers, and patients are required. There is a lack of studies investigating long term, economic, and productivity outcomes of preventative interventions. The building and expansion of a cohesive and useful body of knowledge of sonographer WRIs will inform future guideline development and revision, and motivate sonographers and their managers to implement and support valid preventative interventions.
Sonographer credentialing in extended focussed assessment by sonography in trauma (eFAST)
Authors: Cormack Carolynne J. , Lavender Ilona , Coombs Peter R. , Ptasznik Ronnie 
Published: May 2019

AbstractIntroductionSonographers of a large, metropolitan health service were trained and credentialed in extended focussed assessment by sonography in trauma in preparation for a potential mass casualty incident. Given the prior ultrasound experience of this cohort, the suitability of an abbreviated credentialing pathway based upon that required for emergency physicians was evaluated.MethodA training and credentialing process to teach extended focussed assessment by sonography in trauma was planned for sonographers. The model was based upon existing credentialing requirements for emergency physicians. The project was undertaken in two stages, using a “train the trainer” approach. The initial stage trained and credentialed a group of senior sonographer trainers. This group then supported the training and credentialing of the wider sonographer cohort.ResultsTwenty‐eight qualified sonographers were successfully trained and credentialed in extended focussed assessment by sonography in trauma scanning. Practical competency assessment demonstrated 100% (28/28) pass rate. Image interpretation assessment results also demonstrated 100% (28/28) pass rate.ConclusionAn abbreviated model is suitable for the training and credentialing of sonographers in extended focussed assessment by sonography in trauma, given their pre‐existing ultrasound skills and knowledge.
Association of p38MAPK‐p53‐Fas aggregation in S‐allyl cysteine mediated regulation of hepatocarcinoma
Authors: Chatterjee Sujan , Patra Debajyoti , Chakraborti Udipta , Sengupta Dipanwita , Ghosh Pujita , Basu Anupam , Sadhukhan Gobinda Chandra , Chowdhury Kaustav Dutta 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBioactive components of dietary phytochemicals have been reported to possess antitumor activities. Evidences suggested key role of stress responsive p38MAPK in the induction of nutraceuticals mediated apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Current study demonstrated detailed molecular bagatelle associated with p38 MAPK mediated effective suppression of cell growth both in HepG2 and chemically induced liver carcinoma after S‐allyl cysteine (SAC) treatment. SAC promoted p38MAPK activity responsible for p53 phosphorylation, its stabilization followed by nuclear translocation leading to induction in expression and oligomerization of Fas protein. Distinctive p38MAPK‐p53 axis dependent Fas‐FasL‐FADD mediated caspase activities along with perturbed cell cycling became normalized with continuation of SAC treatment for another month to diethylnitrosamine induced liver carcinoma. Co‐treatment with SB203580, the p38MAPK inhibitor, prevented pro‐apoptotic effect of SAC by altering p53 phosphorylation and death inducing signaling complex conformation in HepG2 and induced HCC. Collectively study suggested significant contribution of p38MAPK‐p53‐DISC‐Caspase pathway in the regulation of anti‐neoplastic activity of SAC against HCC.
Recent methodology progress of deep learning for RNA–protein interaction prediction
Authors: Pan Xiaoyong , Yang Yang , Xia Chun‐Qiu , Mirza Aashiq H. , Shen Hong‐Bin 
Published: May 2019

AbstractInteractions between RNAs and proteins play essential roles in many important biological processes. Benefitting from the advances of next generation sequencing technologies, hundreds of RNA‐binding proteins (RBP) and their associated RNAs have been revealed, which enables the large‐scale prediction of RNA–protein interactions using machine learning methods. Till now, a wide range of computational tools and pipelines have been developed, including deep learning models, which have achieved remarkable performance on the identification of RNA–protein binding affinities and sites. In this review, we provide an overview of the successful implementation of various deep learning approaches for predicting RNA–protein interactions, mainly focusing on the prediction of RNA–protein interaction pairs and RBP‐binding sites on RNAs. Furthermore, we discuss the advantages and disadvantages of these approaches, and highlight future perspectives on how to design better deep learning models. Finally, we suggest some promising future directions of computational tasks in the study of RNA–protein interactions, especially the interactions between noncoding RNAs and proteins.This article is categorized under:

RNA Interactions with Proteins and Other Molecules > Protein–RNA Interactions: Functional Implications
RNA Evolution and Genomics > Computational Analyses of RNA
RNA Interactions with Proteins and Other Molecules > Protein–RNA Recognition
Emigration from Latvia: A Brief History and Driving Forces in the Twenty-First Century
Authors: Hazans Mihails 
Published: May 2019

AbstractIn recent years, Latvia has established itself as one of the top two countries with the most intensive emigration among EU/EFTA member states. This chapter starts by describing the demographic context and the scale of emigration post-2000, followed by a brief history of the main population flows (migration, refugees and deportation) from and to Latvia in the twentieth century. It then offers a more detailed analysis of emigration during the first 15 years of the twenty-first century including a closer look at the four waves of recent emigration: (i) the pre-EU accession wave, 2000–2003; (ii) the post-accession wave, 2004–2008; (iii) the crisis-driven wave, 2009–2010; and (iv) the post-crisis wave, 2011–2016. For each wave, description of the economic and social context is given within a conceptual framework using insights from human capital theory, the new economic theory of migration, network theory and migration systems theory. Institutional factors are also emphasised. Together with some survey-based evidence, this leads to a set of hypotheses about the nature of the four emigration waves. Our own compilation of data from receiving countries (which reveals problems with Latvia’s official migration statistics) is used for documenting the dynamics of the scale and main destinations of this emigration. Empirical analysis of the changes in the reasons for and intended duration of emigration, its effects on the structure and demographic potential of the population and changes in emigrant profiles and selectivity with respect to human capital and ethnicity is based on a number of independent data sources, including the Latvian Labour Force Survey (2000–2015), the Database of Immigrants in OECD Countries (DIOC 2010/2011), and The Emigrant Communities of Latvia survey conducted worldwide in 2014.
Variational autoencoders for new physics mining at the Large Hadron Collider
Authors: Cerri Olmo , Nguyen Thong Q. , Pierini Maurizio , Spiropulu Maria , Vlimant Jean-Roch 
Published: May 2019

AbstractUsing variational autoencoders trained on known physics processes, we develop a one-sided threshold test to isolate previously unseen processes as outlier events. Since the autoencoder training does not depend on any specific new physics signature, the proposed procedure doesn’t make specific assumptions on the nature of new physics. An event selection based on this algorithm would be complementary to classic LHC searches, typically based on model-dependent hypothesis testing. Such an algorithm would deliver a list of anomalous events, that the experimental collaborations could further scrutinize and even release as a catalog, similarly to what is typically done in other scientific domains. Event topologies repeating in this dataset could inspire new-physics model building and new experimental searches. Running in the trigger system of the LHC experiments, such an application could identify anomalous events that would be otherwise lost, extending the scientific reach of the LHC.
Competences in Context: Students’ Expectations and Reflections as Guided by the Mobile Application Reflect.UP
Authors: Knoth Alexander , Kiy Alexander , Müller Ina , Klein Mathias 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Mobile applications are suitable as a structural possibility for students beginning their studies. Using the app Reflect.UP, students are encouraged to reflect on the organization, contents, and objectives of their studies. This article focuses on how students can acquire the academic ability to consider their own actions, which is an intrinsic component of academic professionalization. The work examines how a competency framework is derived through study regulations and module descriptions, and how subsequent questions for students’ reflection are systematically created using this framework. Next, the hybrid mobile application Reflect.UP and its underlying software components are introduced, stimulating students’ reflections on study content and objectives. The data gathered through the practical use of Reflect.UP is evaluated, and then the ensuing conclusions drawn from students’ problems and learning processes for organizing the course of studies are explored. In addition, this paper reflects on the strengths and weaknesses of a mobile application as a sociological and technological compound for structural support of the introductory phase of education.
Progress in molecular docking
Authors: Fan Jiyu , Fu Ailing , Zhang Le 
Published: May 2019

BackgroundIn recent years, since the molecular docking technique can greatly improve the efficiency and reduce the research cost, it has become a key tool in computer‐assisted drug design to predict the binding affinity and analyze the interactive mode.ResultsThis study introduces the key principles, procedures and the widely‐used applications for molecular docking. Also, it compares the commonly used docking applications and recommends which research areas are suitable for them. Lastly, it briefly reviews the latest progress in molecular docking such as the integrated method and deep learning.ConclusionLimited to the incomplete molecular structure and the shortcomings of the scoring function, current docking applications are not accurate enough to predict the binding affinity. However, we could improve the current molecular docking technique by integrating the big biological data into scoring function.