bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of the North Atlantic sea surface temperature on the summer high temperature in northern China
Authors: Ding Ting , Yuan Yuan , Gao Hui , Li Weijing 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis study investigates the relationship between the summer high temperature in northern China and the northern North Atlantic (NNA) sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTAs) in the previous winter and spring during the period 1981–2017. In northern China, mean maximum temperature (Tmax) above 31°C and high frequencies of hot days are concentrated in June–July. SSTAs in the NNA in the previous December–April have a significant positive relationship with the mean Tmax from the Yellow River Basin to the north of the Yangtze River in June–July, and this significant positive correlation still exists after removing the trends. Correlation and composition analysis suggests that the NNA SST and high temperature in northern China are connected by the mid‐latitude wave‐train circulation anomalies across the Atlantic and Europe. Warm SSTAs in the NNA in winter and spring favour anticyclonic circulations in the NNA, Western Europe and the south of Lake Baikal, and cyclonic circulations in the northeastern North Atlantic and the Ural Mountains. The positive height anomaly and anticyclonic circulation in the south of Lake Baikal tend to result in downward motion and high temperature in northern China. The linkage between winter–spring North Atlantic SST and high temperature can be used to facilitate seasonal prediction of extreme high temperature in China.
Sulfonated chitosan oligosaccharide alleviates the inhibitory effect of basic fibroblast growth factor on osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cells
Authors: Li Yangfan , Yu Fenglin , Liu Yang , Liang Qian , Huang Yadong , Xiang Qi , Zhang Qihao , Su Zhijian , Yang Yan , Zhao Yueping 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundPeriodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) play an essential role in periodontal tissue repair. Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) has been used in the clinical treatment of periodontal disease. However, studies have shown that bFGF inhibits the osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs, which is not conducive to alveolar bone repair. Sulfonated chitosan oligosaccharide (SCOS), a heparan‐like compound, can maintain the conformation of bFGF and promote its proliferation activity. This study investigated the effects of bFGF in combination with SCOS on the osteogenic differentiation of hPDLSCs.MethodshPDLSCs were isolated from healthy human periodontal ligament and identified by flow cytometry and immunofluorescence. The affinity between SCOS and bFGF was analyzed by surface plasmon resonance. Changes in osteogenic differentiation by combination of bFGF with SCOS were analyzed by alkaline phosphatase activity assay, Sirius Red staining, and Alizarin Red staining. Expression of genes and proteins was investigated by western blotting and reverse transcription‐quantitative PCR.ResultsExtracted hPDLSCs were mesenchymal stem cells with pluripotent differentiation potential. SCOS exhibited an affinity for bFGF. bFGF (20 ng/mL) promoted the proliferation of hPDLSCs, but inhibited their osteogenic differentiation. SCOS alleviated the inhibitory effect of bFGF on the osteogenic differentiation of hPDLSCs.ConclusionsSCOS can reduce the inhibitory effect of bFGF on the osteogenic differentiation of hPDLSCs. This study provides evidence for the clinical use of bFGF to repair periodontal tissue.
Does shifting from conventional to zero tillage in combination with a cover crop offers opportunities for silage maize cultivation in Flanders?
Authors: Landschoot Sofie , Dewitte Kevin , Marynissen Bram , Derycke Veerle , Latré Joos , Haesaert Geert 
Published: October 2019

AbstractTillage is an important agricultural practice, influencing the physical, chemical and biological soil characteristics. In this paper the influence of various tillage systems combined with or without a cover crop under different nitrogen fertilization levels on silage maize yield and soil fertility was investigated. Based on a field trial in Bottelare (Belgium), during the period 2007–2015, it was concluded that for each tillage system higher nitrogen levels resulted in a higher yield. In addition, the highest yield was achieved for the conventional tillage system, the yield gain for mouldboard ploughing varied between 13% (2015) and 71% (2012) compared to zero tillage. In case reduced tillage was adopted, the yield loss compared to mouldboard ploughing varied between 6% (2013 and 2015) and 24% (2012). Furthermore, it seemed that the accumulated temperature during the growing season and rainfall around flowering were decisive in determining maize yield. Additionally, rainfall in the period 60 days post sowing was significantly negatively correlated with the yield from the zero tillage plots, whereas in case tillage was adopted no correlations with rainfall 60 days post sowing were detected. Concerning the soil organic carbon content and the amount of earthworms, no clear trends could be observed. Zero tillage resulted in high weed pressure and caused soil compaction. So, in this trial, under humid conditions, the less labor intensive zero tillage system did not result in competitive maize yields. In conclusion, reduced tillage methods offer opportunities for maize cultivation in Belgium. This method of farming resulted in a lower yield, however, the difference with mouldboard ploughing was not significant. Therefore, adopting a reduced tillage system can be seen as a valid alternative for ploughing as this tillage system ensures a sustainable environment.
Culture Medium Evaluation Using Low‐Cost Substrate for Biosurfactants Lipopeptides Production by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens in Pilot Bioreactor
Authors: Lima Frederico A. , Santos Olga Silva , Pomella Alan William Vilela , Ribeiro Eloízio J. , de Resende Miriam Maria 
Published: October 2019

AbstractTotal biosurfactant production by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens IT45 was evaluated with different substrates concentrations in a culture medium. A central composite design (CCD) was developed to evaluate the influence of variables, including glucose syrup, yeast extract, and calcium chloride, on surface tension (ST), total biosurfactant production, and residual sugar (RS). As a result, the best observed results for ST, RS, and total biosurfactant production were 30 mN m−1, 31%, and 5.5 g L−1, respectively, after 48 h of fermentations carried out in batch operation process. Characterization of the biosurfactant identified the presence of surfactin. To validate the CCD experiments, fermentations were conducted in a 40 L pilot bioreactor. For this fermentation, the cellular growth was 3.0 × 109 CFU mL−1, surfactin production was 0.55 g L−1, and RS was 28%. The results demonstrate that B. amyloliquefaciens IT45 has the potential to produce biosurfactants and does not require high concentrations of carbon and nitrogen sources for its development.
Pulse radiolysis studies of intermediates derived from p‐terphenyl in the oxygenated methyltributylammonium bis[(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl]imide ionic liquid
Authors: Kocia Rafał 
Published: October 2019

AbstractRadiation‐induced processes in oxygenated ionic liquid (IL) methyltributylammonium bis[(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl]imide ([MeBu3N][NTf2]) solutions containing p‐terphenyl (TP) were investigated by the nanosecond pulse radiolysis with UV‐vis detection. The transient absorption spectra generated in these solutions were assigned to radical anions (TP•−), radical cations (TP•+), and triplet excited states (3TP*). Saturation of [MeBu3N][NTf2] solutions with oxygen (O2) efficiently eliminates solvated electrons (esolv−); however, it does not decrease significantly the radiation chemical yield of TP•−, which are mainly formed in a reaction of TP with presolvated electrons (epresolv−). On the other hand, the lifetime of TP•− decreases significantly due to their reaction with O2. The TP•+ is formed in a reaction of electron‐deficient centers of the IL (IL⊕) with TP. Their radiation chemical yield and lifetime are not affected by the presence of O2; however, they are decreased by the presence of triethylamine (TEA). The 3TP* are formed in a reaction of excited states of ionic liquid (IL*) with TP. The presence of O2 and TEA effectively eliminates 3TP* in the time domain >1 μs.
Planktivorous fish predation masks anthropogenic disturbances on decadal trends in zooplankton biomass and body size structure in Lake Biwa, Japan
Authors: Liu Xin , Dur Gaël , Ban Syuhei , Sakai Yoichiro , Ohmae Shinsuke , Morita Takashi 
Published: October 2019

AbstractPelagic zooplankton samples from Lake Biwa, Japan, collected monthly since 1971, were analyzed for biomass and body size structure. Our aim was to clarify the relative effects of food availability and global warming vs. top‐down control by fish predation on long‐term trends. Annual mean biomass and density‐weighted body size were calculated and compared with water temperature, total phosphorus (TP), as a proxy of food amount, and catch per unit effort (CPUE) of Ayu (Plecoglossus altivelis altivelis), as a proxy of planktivorous fish predation pressure. Mean water temperature above 20 m increased by 0.94°C. TP increased until 1974 and then decreased until 1985, becoming stable after that. Ayu CPUE increased until 1987 and then declined. The study period can be divided into two nutritional phases: a high TP phase (1971–1985) and a low‐stable TP phase (1986–2010). Five zooplankton taxa, Eodiaptomus japonicus, Cyclopoida spp., Daphnia spp., Bosmina longirostris, and Diaphanosoma orientalis, were continuously dominant. Annual mean total crustacean biomass varied from 0.3 to 3.6 g dry weight m−2, slightly decreasing until 1993 but increasing thereafter. Generalized linear models showed that annual mean body sizes were affected by temperature and CPUE, whereas annual mean biomass was affected by TP and CPUE. These had no effect during the high TP phase, whereas only CPUE affected both traits during the low‐stable TP phase. We concluded that zooplankton biomass and body size long‐term trends were mostly influenced by fish predation and that eutrophication and global warming impacts might be affected by top‐down control.
Ultra‐pH‐Sensitive Biopolymer Micelles Based on Nuclear Base Pairs for Specific Tumor‐Targeted Drug Delivery
Authors: Jiang Yujia , Zhou Junhui , Zhao Xuefei , Zhang Jianhua , Guo Ruiwei , Dong Anjie , Deng Lian‐dong 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe nanocarriers modified with nonspecificity targeting groups can not only enrich in tumor sites, but can also accumulate in normal tissues to cause serious side effects. In order to ensure the therapeutic effects and overcome the side effects, herein, a ligand self‐detachment targeting system (mPEG‐T@A/VB7‐PCL micelles) based on hydrogen bond interaction between adenine (A) and thymine (T) for specific tumor targeting is developed. The nuclear magnetic spectrum shows that the successful introduction of biotin VB7 has no effect on formation and pH‐responsive property of the micelles. The cellular uptake experiment indicated these micelles can efficiently shield the non‐specificity targeting and can hardly be endocytosed by tumor cells in physiological environment. On the contrary, the detachment of poly(ethylene glycol) PEG crown which is triggered by hydrogen bond dissociation at tumor microenvironment pH 6.8 can enhance endocytosis due to the exposure of the VB7. Cytotoxicity assays show that the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of free doxorubicin DOX, DOX‐loaded mPEG‐T@A‐PCL (mPEG‐T@A‐PCL (DOX)), and mPEG‐T@A/VB7‐PCL (DOX) are about 2.03, 7.20, and 1.32 µg mL−1, respectively, which indicate that the mPEG‐T@A/VB7‐PCL (DOX) micelles can significantly improve the therapeutic effects. Accordingly, mPEG‐T@A/VB7‐PCL (DOX) micelles, as an innovative strategy, suggests feasibility of its broad applications in cancer therapy.
Low‐calcium diet in mice leads to reduced gut colonization by Enterococcus faecium
Authors: Top Janetta , Hendrickx Antoni P. A. , van Ampting Marleen T. J. , van Limpt Kees , Knol Jan , van de Kamer Denise , Braat Johanna C. , Viveen Marco , Rogers Malbert R. , Kemperman Hans , Willems Rob J. L. , Paganelli Fernanda L. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe aim of this study was to determine whether dietary intervention influenced luminal Ca2+ levels and Enterococcus faecium gut colonization in mice. For this purpose, mice fed semi‐synthetic food AIN93 were compared to mice fed AIN93‐low calcium (LC). Administration of AIN93‐LC resulted in lower luminal Ca2+ levels independent of the presence of E. faecium. Furthermore, E. faecium gut colonization was reduced in mice fed AIN93‐LC based on culture, and which was in concordance with a reduction of Enterococcaceae in microbiota analysis. In conclusion, diet intervention might be a strategy for controlling gut colonization of E. faecium, an important opportunistic nosocomial pathogen.
Noninvasive prenatal diagnosis of β‐thalassemia by relative haplotype dosage without analyzing proband
Authors: Li Haoxian , Du Bole , Jiang Fuman , Guo Yulai , Wang Yang , Zhang Chunsheng , Zeng Xiaojing , Xie Yuhuan , Ouyang Shuming , Xian Yexing , Chen Min , Liu Weiqiang , Sun Xiaofang 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundβ‐thalassemia is one of the most common monogenic diseases in the world. Southeast China is a highly infected area affected by four β‐thalassemia mutation types (HBB:c.‐78A>G, HBB:c.52A>T, HBB:c.126_129delCTTT, and HBB:c.316‐197C>T). Relative haplotype dosage (RHDO), a haplotype‐based approach, has shown promise as an application for noninvasive prenatal diagnosis (NIPD); however, additional family members (such as the proband) are required for haplotype construction. The abovementioned circumstances make RHDO‐based NIPD cost prohibitive; additionally, the genetic information of the proband is not always available. Thus, it is necessary to find a practical method to solve these problems.MethodsTargeted sequencing was applied to sequence parental genomic DNA and cell‐free fetal DNA (cffDNA). Parental haplotypes were constructed with the SHAPEIT software based on the 1000 Genomes Project (1000G) Phase 3 v5 Southern Han Chinese (CHS) haplotype dataset. Single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the target region were called and classified, and the fetal mutation inheritance status was deduced using the RHDO method.ResultsConstruction of the parental haplotypes and detection of the inherited parental mutations were successfully achieved in five families, despite a suspected recombination event. The status of the affected fetuses is consistent with the results of traditional reverse dot blot (RDB) diagnosis.ConclusionThis research introduced SHAPEIT into the classical RHDO workflow and proved that it is applicable to construct parental haplotypes without information from other family members.
Efficacy and early results after combining laparoscopic harvest of double gastroepiploic lymph node flap and active physiotherapy for lower extremity lymphedema
Authors: Maruccia Michele , Pezzolla Angela , Nacchiero Eleonora , Dicillo Patrizia , Macchia Laura , Fiore Piero , Giudice Giuseppe , Elia Rossella 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundLymph node flap transfer has gradually gained popularity for the treatment of upper and lower limb lymphedema. The aim of this study is to present the outcomes of an integrated treatment protocol based on double gastroepiploic lymph node flap (DG‐VLN) and active physiotherapy in patients affected by Stage II and III lower extremity lymphedema.MethodsAll Stage II and III lower limb lymphedema patients operated between September 2015 and December 2017 were retrospectively identified and only those treated with an integrated approach of DG‐VLN flap and active physiotherapy were included. Outcomes were assessed clinically with limb circumference measurement and radiologically with lymphoscintigraphy. Flap viability was evaluated through indocyanine green lymphography. Lymphedema related quality of life was evaluated preop and at 1 year follow up through LYMQOL questionnaire.ResultsSixteen patients met inclusion criteria. Mean follow up was 26.2 months. Significant reduction in lower limb volume was observed for all patients from pre to post intervention. At 3 months of follow up, the mean CRR was 42.4% at below knee (BK) level and 25.4% at above knee (AK) level. At 12 months of follow up, the mean CRR was 58.3% at BK level (p = .001*) and 43.4% at AK level (p < .04*). LYMQOL metrics showed significantly better scores in all domains.ConclusionsPatients with lower limb lymphedema can benefit from combined DG‐VLN flap and active physiotherapy, as this approach seem to fasten the onset of improvement and to have a positive impact on patients' quality of life.
Compact circularly polarized metaresonator‐enabled deca‐band antenna
Authors: Alam Maksud , Mainuddin  , Kanaujia Binod , Beg Mirza , Kumar Sachin 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIn this article, a circularly polarized small‐sized deca‐band monopole antenna is proposed and investigated. The proposed antenna consists of gun‐shaped monopole radiator and split‐ring resonator (SRR) array‐loaded partial ground plane present on the top and bottom sides of the substrate, respectively. The antenna is excited by a microstrip line feed and in order to get varied multiband operation with circular polarization, several unique configurations of SRRs are employed as metaresonators. Using the approach of combining resonances of metaresonators and monopole radiator, dual‐, triple‐, hexa‐, and deca‐band operations can be achieved. The permittivity and permeability of the composite metaresonator structure made of SRRs are extracted to illustrate the working principle of the designed multiband antenna. The proposed multiband antenna covers long‐term evolution, WLAN, WiMAX, bluetooth, satellite digital audio radio system (SDARS), radio altimeter, and satellite communication C‐band applications, on a single multifunctional device, much needed in the fast‐growing wireless industry. The antenna is fabricated on a 40 × 47 × 1.5748 mm3 RT Duroid 5880 substrate, and simulations were carried out with the help of the tool Ansys HFSS. The simulated and measured results are in good agreement.
Acute enhancement of necrotic radio‐frequency ablation lesions in left atrium and pulmonary vein ostia in swine model with non‐contrast‐enhanced T1‐weighted MRI
Authors: Guttman Michael A. , Tao Susumu , Fink Sarah , Tunin Rick , Schmidt Ehud J. , Herzka Daniel A. , Halperin Henry R. , Kolandaivelu Aravindan 
Published: October 2019

PurposeTo evaluate non‐contrast‐enhanced MRI of acute radio‐frequency ablation (RFA) lesions in the left atrium (LA) and pulmonary vein (PV) ostia. The goal is to provide a method for discrimination between necrotic (permanent) lesions and reversible injury, which is associated with recurrence after treatment of atrial fibrillation.MethodsFifteen normal swine underwent RFA around the right‐superior PV ostia. Electrical pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) was verified by electro‐anatomic mapping (EAM) and pacing. MRI was carried out using a 3D respiratory‐gated T1‐weighted long inversion time (TWILITE) sequence without contrast agent. Key settings were: inversion time 700 ms, triggering over 2 cardiac cycles, pixel size 1.1 mm3. Contrast‐enhanced imaging and T2‐weighted imaging were carried out for comparison. Six animals were sacrificed on ablation day for TTC‐stained gross pathology, 9 animals were sacrificed after 2–3 mo after repeat EAM and MRI. Image intensity ratio (IIR) was used to measure lesion enhancement, and gross pathology was used to validate image enhancement patterns and compare lesion widths.ResultsRFA lesions exhibited unambiguous enhancement in acute TWILITE imaging (IIR = 2.34 ± 0.49 at 1.5T), and the enhancement patterns corresponded well with gross pathology. Lesion widths in MRI correlated well with gross pathology (R2 = 0.84), with slight underestimation by 0.9 ± 0.5 mm. Lesion enhancement subsided chronically.ConclusionTWILITE imaging allowed acute detection of permanent RFA lesions in swine LA and PV ostia, without the need for contrast agent. Lesion enhancement pattern showed good correspondence to gross pathology and was well visualized by volume rendering. This method may provide valuable intra‐ or post‐procedural assessment of RFA treatment.
"Für Fakeaufbauten bin ich nicht zu haben" ‐‐ Interview mit dem Laborgerätesammler Rainer Friedrich
Authors: Zbikowski Frauke 
Published: October 2019

AbstractWenn Chemiefirmen und Forschungsinstitute ihre Keller ausräumen, sieht Rainer Friedrich genauer hin und rettet Nützliches und Schönes. Inzwischen füllt seine Sammlung jahrzehnte‐ bis jahrhundertealter Laborgeräte mehrere Container.
Heron 8: Reaktive Intermediate und ungewöhnliche Moleküle
Authors: Braunschweig Holger 
Published: October 2019

AbstractVom Reef zum Rock – erstmals fand die Heron Island Conference nicht auf der namengebenden Insel im südlichen Great Barrier Reef statt, sondern am Fuß des Ayers Rock (Uluru) im australischen Northern Territory. Die Tagungsserie begann im Jahr 1991 und behält seitdem ihre Thematik bei. Dieses Jahr fand die sechstägige Konferenz im Juni statt und hatte mehr als 50 aktive Teilnehmer aus zehn Ländern – die meisten, nach den gastgebenden Australiern, kamen aus Deutschland und den USA.
Single‐ and double‐Diffusion encoding MRI for studying ex vivo apparent axon diameter distribution in spinal cord white matter
Authors: Anaby Debbie , Morozov Darya , Seroussi Inbar , Hametner Simon , Sochen Nir , Cohen Yoram 
Published: October 2019

Mapping average axon diameter (AAD) and axon diameter distribution (ADD) in neuronal tissues non‐invasively is a challenging task that may have a tremendous effect on our understanding of the normal and diseased central nervous system (CNS). Water diffusion is used to probe microstructure in neuronal tissues, however, the different water populations and barriers that are present in these tissues turn this into a complex task. Therefore, it is not surprising that recently we have witnessed a burst in the development of new approaches and models that attempt to obtain, non‐invasively, detailed microstructural information in the CNS. In this work, we aim at challenging and comparing the microstructural information obtained from single diffusion encoding (SDE) with double diffusion encoding (DDE) MRI. We first applied SDE and DDE MR spectroscopy (MRS) on microcapillary phantoms and then applied SDE and DDE MRI on an ex vivo porcine spinal cord (SC), using similar experimental conditions. The obtained diffusion MRI data were fitted by the same theoretical model, assuming that the signal in every voxel can be approximated as the superposition of a Gaussian‐diffusing component and a series of restricted components having infinite cylindrical geometries. The diffusion MRI results were then compared with histological findings. We found a good agreement between the fittings and the experimental data in white matter (WM) voxels of the SC in both diffusion MRI methods. The microstructural information and apparent AADs extracted from SDE MRI were found to be similar or somewhat larger than those extracted from DDE MRI especially when the diffusion time was set to 40 ms. The apparent ADDs extracted from SDE and DDE MRI show reasonable agreement but somewhat weaker correspondence was observed between the diffusion MRI results and histology. The apparent subtle differences between the microstructural information obtained from SDE and DDE MRI are briefly discussed.