bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Contribution of Whole-Food and Supplemental Derived Dietary Protein, From Animal and Nonanimal Origins, to Daily Protein Intake in Young Adults: A Cross-Sectional Analysis
Authors: Haigh Freyja A.D. , Whelehan Gráinne , West Sam , Apicella Marianna C.A. , Wilkinson Kiera , van der Heijden Ino , Jameson Tom S.O. , Pavis George F. , Monteyne Alistair J. , Dirks Marlou L. , Stephens Francis B. , Wall Benjamin T. 
Published: November 2024

We characterized daily dietary protein intakes, focusing on protein source (animal and nonanimal) and form (whole-foods and supplemental) in young (18–40 years) resistance trained (training ≥ 3×/week for ≥ 6 months; TRA; male, n = 30; female, n = 14) and recreationally active (no structured training; REC; male, n = 30; female, n = 30) individuals. Using 3-day weighed food diaries from 10 previous studies, we assessed macronutrient intakes using dietary analysis software. Energy intakes trended greater in TRA compared with REC (p = .056) and were greater in males than females (p = .006). TRA consumed greater (p = .002) proportions of daily energy intake as protein than REC (23 ± 6 vs. 19 ± 5%Energy), which also trended greater in males compared with females (22 ± 3 vs. 20 ± 2%Energy; p = .060). Absolute (p < .001) and relative (to body mass [BM]; p < .001) protein intakes were greater in TRA (males, 159 ± 54 g/day or 1.6 ± 0.7 g·kg−1 BM·day−1; females, 105 ± 40 g/day or 2.0 ± 0.6 g·kg−1 BM·day−1; p < .001) than REC (males, 103 ± 37 g/day or 1.3 ± 0.5 g·kg−1 BM·day−1; females, 85 ± 23 g/day or 1.3 ± 0.4 g·kg−1 BM·day−1; p < .001), with absolute (p = .025), but not relative (p = .129) intakes greater in males. A greater proportion of total protein was consumed from animal compared with nonanimal in TRA (68% vs. 32%, respectively; p < .001) and REC (64% vs. 36%, respectively; p < .001); the skew driven exclusively by males (72% vs. 28%, respectively; p < .001). A greater proportion (∼92%) of total protein was consumed as whole-foods compared with supplemental, irrespective of training status or sex (p < .001). We show animal and whole-food–derived proteins contribute the majority to daily dietary protein intakes in TRA and REC young males and females.
Australian Particle Therapy Clinical Quality Registry (ASPIRE) protocol (TROG 21.12): a multicentre prospective study on patients with rare tumours, treated with radiation therapy
Authors: Skelton Kelly , Gorayski Peter , Penfold Scott , Murray Amber , Hamilton Daniel , Yeo Adam , Jessop Sophie , Hwang Eunji , Dass Joshua , Le Hien 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionIn 2020, the Australian Medical Services Advisory Committee (MSAC) recommended new proton beam therapy (PBT) item numbers be added to the Medicare Benefits Schedule. During the MSAC 1638 application process, MSAC recognised the uncertainties inherent in the cost-utility modelling of PBT. To address these uncertainties, MSAC proposed the establishment of a national registry with the intention to gather evidence to validate the claim of PBT’s superior toxicity outcomes and cost-effectiveness compared with conventional photon radiation therapy.Methods and analysisThe Australian Particle Therapy Clinical Quality Registry is a prospective, observational, longitudinal registry collecting national data on paediatric, adolescent young adult and adult patients with rare tumours receiving any form of radiation therapy for a defined group of diseases, specified by the MSAC 1638 Public Summary Document. Eligible patients undergoing radiation therapy at participating institutions will be provided with information about the registry, including the opt-out procedure. The registry has no enrolment cap and will persist either indefinitely or until the conclusion of the study.The study design was informed by the Australian Metadata Online Repository and contains a core set of minimum data elements. Representing baseline participant demographics, assessment, diagnosis and treatment; incorporating radiation and systemic therapies, with a specific focus on long-term follow-up, treatment toxicities and specific organ-at-risk testing.Ethics and disseminationThere will be no identifying data used in any reports or presentations of data. Additionally, all identifiable data will be safeguarded according to standard practices and available only to the host institution submitting the data to the registry. Aggregated data for the purposes of research will be stripped of identifiers. The registry has been approved under the National Mutual Agreement by the Central Adelaide Local Health Network Human Research Ethics Committee—HREC: 2021/HRE00394.Trial registration numberAustralian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR): ACTRN12622000026729p.
Hospitalisation patterns for respiratory diseases in Australia: an ecological study
Authors: Alrajeh Ahmed , Naser Abdallah Y , Aldabayan Yousef S , Alqahtani Jaber S , Aldhahir Abdulelah Mastour , Siraj Rayan A , Elmosaad Yousif Mohammed , Al Imam Mahmudul Hassan , Alghamdi Saeed Mardy , Al Haykan Ahmed 
Published: November 2024

ObjectivesThe objective of this study is to examine the hospitalisation profile for respiratory diseases in Australia between 1998 and 2019.DesignAn ecological study.SettingA population study that involved all private and public hospitalisations for respiratory diseases in Australia from 1998 to 2019. Data were gathered from the National Hospital Morbidity Database.ParticipantsAll patients who were hospitalised at all private and public hospitalisations for respiratory diseases in Australia.Primary outcome measureHospitalisation rates related to respiratory diseases.ResultsA total of 8 090 021 hospital admission episodes for diseases of the respiratory system were recorded in Australia between 1998 and 2019. Hospital admission rates increased by 12.4%, from 1766.45 (95% CI 1760.50 to 1772.41) in 1998 to 1985.86 (95% CI 1980.43 to 1991.28) in 2019 per 100 000 persons, p<0.05. Patients who were admitted for an overnight stay made up 82.2% of the total admissions. Females showed a greater increase in hospital admission rates (18.4%) compared with males (7.0%). The age group 15–59 years accounted for 31.0% of the total admissions. The most frequent respiratory system hospital admissions were for chronic lower respiratory diseases; these accounted for 27.8% of all admissions.ConclusionHospital admissions due to diseases of the respiratory system increased significantly in the last two decades in Australia. Male gender and younger age groups were more likely to be hospitalised for respiratory diseases. Strong public health measures are crucial to raising awareness about diseases of the respiratory system and their implications.
Developing the TIDieR-Rehab checklist: a modified Delphi process to extend the Template for Intervention Description and Replication (TIDieR) for rehabilitation intervention reporting
Authors: Signal Nada , Olsen Sharon , Gomes Emeline , McGeorge Caitlin , Taylor Denise , Alder Gemma 
Published: November 2024

ObjectivesRehabilitation is essential for supporting the recovery from, and management of, a range of health conditions. However, interventions are often poorly reported in rehabilitation research, hindering advancement of the field. The Template for Intervention Description and Replication (TIDieR) checklist was developed to enhance the reporting of interventions, but does not specifically address the complexities and multifaceted nature of rehabilitation interventions. This study aimed to develop an extension of the TIDieR checklist to support better reporting of rehabilitation interventions.DesignA modified Delphi study overseen by a Steering Committee.SettingOnline.ParticipantsRehabilitation experts were purposively sampled for diversity in discipline, practice setting, area of expertise and geographical location.MethodsParticipants (n=35) provided both quantitative and qualitative feedback on drafts of the TIDieR-Rehab through online surveys. Quantitative data was descriptively analysed by percentage of agreement, while qualitative data was analysed using conventional content analysis. Quantitative and qualitative findings were subsequently triangulated to facilitate iterative refinement of the TIDieR-Rehab.ResultsConsensus was achieved after two rounds of the modified Delphi process. The TIDieR-Rehab checklist comprises seven original, three adapted and 12 new reporting items, and is supported by a supplementary manual. Specific enhancements include more detailed descriptions of the study population (Who) and timing of the intervention (When), the planned intervention dosage (How much,How challengingandRegression/Progression), person-centred care (Personalisation) and negative undesired effects (Harms) which were considered critical for the comprehensive reporting of rehabilitation interventions.ConclusionThe TIDieR-Rehab checklist marks a significant advancement in enhancing and standardising the reporting of rehabilitation interventions. By offering a structured format for detailing complex rehabilitation interventions, the TIDieR-Rehab supports improvements in reporting quality to promote research replication and support the translation of research findings into clinical practice. Future research should validate the TIDieR-Rehab checklist across a variety of intervention types and clinical contexts.
Triage test for all-oral drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) regimen: a phase IV study to assess effectiveness, feasibility, acceptability and cost-effectiveness of the Xpert MTB/XDR assay for rapid triage and treatment of DR-TB
Authors: Naidoo Kogieleum , Naidoo Anushka , Abimiku Alash'le G , Tiemersma Everdina W , Gebhard Agnes , Hermans Sabine M , Sloan Derek J , Ruhwald Morten , Georghiou Sophia B , Okpokoro Evaezi , Agbaje Aderonke , Yae Kalkidan , Tollera Getachew , Moga Shewki , Feyt Hannelise , Kachoka Takondwa , Letsoalo Marothi P , Cabibbe Andrea M , Perumal Rubeshan , Shunmugam Letitia , Cirillo Daniela M , Foraida Salah , Sabiiti Wilber , Ntinginya Nyanda Elias , Mtafya Bariki , Bedru Ahmed , Gillespie Stephen H 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionThe TriAD study will assess the Xpert MTB/XDR (Xpert XDR; Cepheid) assay to detect tuberculosis (TB) drug resistance in sputum testing positive for TB to rapidly triage and treat patients with a short all-oral treatment regimen.Methods and analysisIn this study, approximately 4800 Xpert MTB/RIF or Ultra MTB-positive patients (irrespective of rifampicin (RIF) resistance (RR) status) from several clinical sites across South Africa, Nigeria and Ethiopia will be enrolled over 18–24 months and followed-up for approximately 6 months post-TB treatment completion. Participants will be enrolled into one of two cohorts based on Xpert MTB/RIF and Xpert XDR results:Mycobacterium tuberculosis(M.tb) positive participants with RR in Cohort 1 (n=880) andM.tbpositive RIF susceptible TB patients with isoniazid mono-resistance irrespective of presence of resistance to fluoroquinolones, second-line injectable drugs or ethionamide in Cohort 2 (n=400). Cohort 1 will be compared with historical cohorts from each implementing sites. The primary study outcomes include time to initiation of an appropriate treatment regimen by resistance profile and the proportion of patients with favourable treatment outcomes compared with historical cohorts from each of the implementing sites. Secondary outcomes include feasibility, acceptability and cost-effectiveness of this approach to inform policies and guidelines for programmatic implementation of this triage and treat model for drug-resistant tuberculosis management. Utility of the tuberculosis molecular bacterial load assay (TB-MBLA) for real-time treatment response assessment will also be evaluated.Ethics and disseminationThe University of KwaZulu-Natal Biomedical Research Ethics Committee (BREC) and local research committees have provided ethical review and approval (BREC/00002654/2021, HREC 210805, NHREC/01/01/2007 and EPHI-IRB-459–2022). The South African Health Products Regulatory Authority (SAHPRA) have granted regulatory approval for the TRiAD Study (SAHPRA MD20211001). Trial results will be disseminated through conference presentations, peer-reviewed publications and the clinical trial registry.Trial registration numberClinicaltrials.gov; Trial registration number:NCT05175794; South African National Clinical Trials Register (SANCTR DOH-27-012022-4720)
Qualitative study of paediatricians’ experiences in the care process for preschool children with complex needs: an example of paediatric care in Croatia
Authors: Lukačević Lovrenčić Iva , Banadinović Maja , Mujkić Aida , Džakula Aleksandar 
Published: November 2024

ObjectivesPreschool children with complex needs require a multidimensional care model. In such a model, paediatricians are one of the key stakeholders. This study examines Croatian paediatricians’ experiences and perceptions of their role in the care process. It explores their view of the other stakeholders, practices and determinants that influence their role and overall quality of care.DesignA desk review was performed as the first part of the research. It included a search of electronic bibliographic databases using a structured set of keywords and an analysis of selected strategic, policy and legislative documents, registers, guidelines and reports related to the research topic. This part of the research helped form the research protocol for the two focus groups that followed.Participants12 primary, secondary and tertiary care paediatricians participated in the focus groups, following the criteria: specialist paediatric experience longer than 5 years, active work status in the healthcare system at the primary, secondary or tertiary level, personal experience of working with preschool children with complex needs.ResultsThe first part of the research identified structural shortcomings, ambiguity in defining systematic approaches to care processes, quality challenges and a lack of multidimensional evaluation in the care system. Focus groups provided insight into the everyday dynamics of those challenges from the paediatricians’ point of view. Six themes emerged from the analysis of the focus groups: (1) profile and needs of preschool children with complex needs; (2) parents in the process of care from the paediatrician’s perception; (3) the role of paediatricians in the process of caring for a preschool child with complex needs; (4) the absolute and relative scarcity of public resources; (5) the need for systematic solutions; (6) the importance of personal engagement.ConclusionsIntegration, coordination and continuity of care for preschool children with complex needs cannot be achieved by merely focusing on providing enough human and infrastructural resources. Without clear insight into the interrelation of structural inputs and stakeholders’ specific standpoints, we risk further fragmentation and a decrease in the quality of care.
Safety and efficacy of intralesional rituximab injection versus involved site radiation therapy in primary ocular adnexal MALT lymphoma: study protocol for a multicentre randomised controlled trial
Authors: Liu Yaoming , Gao Yang , Jin Ling , Li Qian , Wang Xiaohui , Wu Yujie , Zhou Jichao , Liu Wei , Wang Lili , Dong Yuying , Zheng Yajing , Chen Lu , Li Jinmiao , Su Shicai , Tang Junjie , Wang Yinghao , Huang Weifeng , Cheng Chao , Li Cheng , An Ningyu , Tan Jia , Chen Hong , Guo Huiyu , Wang Yi , Zhou Qing , Han Fei , Liu Honglei , Zhu Yu , Lu Rong 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionInvolved site radiation therapy (ISRT) is a widely used treatment for primary ocular adnexal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma with control rates over 85%; however, its complications could reach 30%–50%. Intralesional rituximab injection has shown promising results with remission rates between 65% and 100% and minimal complications. This study aimed to conduct a multicentre randomised controlled clinical trial to compare the safety and efficacy of intralesional rituximab injection versus ISRT on primary ocular adnexal MALT lymphoma.Methods and analysisThis is a multicentre randomised controlled trial and will be conducted at eight ophthalmic departments and institutes in China. 108 patients with primary ocular adnexal MALT lymphoma will be enrolled and randomised to undergo intralesional rituximab injection or ISRT. Comprehensive examinations will be performed before and after the treatment. The primary outcome is the cumulative occurrence rate of complications of grade ≥2 within 5 years after treatment commencement. The main secondary outcome is overall response rate, and progression-free survival, time to next treatment and overall survival will also be compared between the groups.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval has been obtained from the Ethics Committee of the Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center (ID: 2023KYPJ125-3; V.20240818) and the ‘5010 Plan’ evaluation committee at Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China, and all subcentres. All the participants will be required to provide written informed consent. The results will be disseminated through scientific meetings and published in peer-reviewed journals.Trial registration numberNCT06190301.
Baseline characteristics for phase II of the Kinshasa Malaria Cohort Study: cohort profile
Authors: Kashamuka Melchior Mwandagalirwa , Banek Kristin , White Samuel J , Atibu Joseph Losoma , Mvuama Nono M , Bala Joseph Alexandre Mavungu , Nseka Tommy Mambulu , Kihuma Georges , Diallo Alpha Oumar , Nkalani Marthe , Mahilu Georges Emo , Manenga Faustin , Varun Goel , Vulu Fabien , Mampuya Pitshou Nsongo , Dinglasan Rhoel , Bobanga Thierry , Emch Michael , Juliano Jonathan J , Parr Jonathan B , Mwapasa Victor , Tshefu Antoinette Kitoto 
Published: November 2024

PurposeThe Democratic Republic of Congo has one of the highest burdens of malaria in the world, accounting for 12.3% of malaria cases and 11.6% of malaria deaths. The country has been scaling up various malaria control interventions, but how the malaria burden and risk factors have evolved remains unclear. This study aimed to estimate the trend in the burden of malaria in different settings in Kinshasa Province and assess factors contributing to the infection.ParticipantsFrom 2018 to 2022, a cohort study was conducted in three health areas in Kinshasa Province known to have varying malaria endemicities: Voix du Peuple (urban), Kimpoko (peri-urban), and Bu (rural) health areas in Kinshasa Province. Participants 6 months of age and older were recruited and followed biannually through household visits and encouraged to visit study health centres whenever they felt ill. The participants’ sociodemographic data, illness history and access to malaria interventions were collected along with blood specimens. During the same study period, mosquitoes and larvae were collected to study entomological characteristics that may contribute to malaria transmission.FindingsA total of 1635 participants were recruited from 239 households. The median number of participants per household was 6 (IQR, 5–9). Over half (54.7%) of the participants were female, 14.6% were under-5 children, and 33.3% were 5–14 years old. Household net ownership and reported use the previous night were 77.8% and 79.1%, respectively. Overall, malaria prevalence by rapid diagnostic test at baseline was 33.4%. Of the recruited participants, 1390 (85%) completed the 4 years of follow-up.Future plansPlanned analyses include calculating malaria prevalence and incidence trends at follow-up as well as risk factors for infection. Continued analyses will link epidemiological and entomological data to understand malaria transmission evolution and the sustained high prevalence of malaria over time in various settings.
Role of a route map in learning lumbar spinal ultrasonography: a study protocol for a randomised, controlled teaching study
Authors: Chen Si , Zhang Jiao , Zhang Yuelun , Cui Xulei , Tan Gang 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionLumbar spinal ultrasonography is an important tool used by pain physicians and anaesthesiologists to perform pain-related scanning, interventional treatments and anaesthesia in clinical practice. However, ultrasound images of the lumbar spine are complex and numerous. Moreover, long learning curves are necessary for novice physicians to memorise, master and apply this modality in their clinical practice. This study will use our team’s recent teaching research achievement, the ‘spinal ultrasound route map’, as a teaching tool to comprehensively compare learning effectiveness and satisfaction between novices learning with or without this route map. The appropriate time point at which to introduce the route map in the teaching process will also be evaluated.Methods and analysisThis randomised, controlled teaching study with a target sample size of 40 clinicians will be carried out at Peking Union Medical College Hospital. Eligible participants will be randomly allocated to group 1 or group 2. Participants in group 1 will receive traditional lumbar ultrasonography training, followed by teaching with the route map. Participants in group 2 will receive training directly with the route map. There will be questionnaires, timed tests and gradings from teachers throughout the training process. The data will be collected via the Q1, Q2 and Q3 questionnaires and the timed test. The primary outcome is the composite learning score, which will be measured when group 1 participants fill out questionnaire Q2 after traditional training and group 2 participants fill out questionnaire Q3 after training with the route map. The secondary outcomes will include the composite learning score at different time points, the results of the timed test, grading scale scores from teachers and the participants’ satisfaction with the route map.Ethics and disseminationThis study received authorisation from the Institutional Review Board on 11 April 2024. The study findings will be disseminated through presentations at scientific conferences or publications in peer-reviewed journals.Trial registration numberChiCTR2400084604.