bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of A Comprehensive Biological Hazard‐Proof Packaging Film with Insect‐Repellent, Antibacterial, and Antifungal Activities
Authors: Park Min A , Chang Yoonjee , Choi Inyoung , Bai Jaewoo , Ja‐hyun Na , Han Jaejoon 
Published: November 2018

AbstractA multifunctional film with insect‐repellent and antimicrobial activities was developed. Star anise (Illicium verum Hook. f.) oil (SO) proved to be effective in repelling Plodia interpunctella (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) larvae and was selected as an insect‐repellent agent. Thymol, a compound that demonstrated strong growth inhibition activities against both Staphylococcus aureus and Penicillium roqueforti, was selected as an antimicrobial agent. Based on the release profile test of SO using various plastic films, polypropylene (30 μm; PP 30) and low‐density polyethylene (20 μm; LDPE 20) were selected as laminated films for sustainable insect‐repellent and strong antimicrobial effects, respectively. Further, polyethylene terephthalate (12 μm; PET 12) was selected as an intermediate barrier layer. Finally, structure of the multilayer film was designed as PP 30/SO/PET 12/thymol/LDPE 20. The developed film demonstrated insect‐repellent activity for >3 weeks, antibacterial activity for >2 weeks, and antifungal activity for 1 week. The results indicated that the developed multilayer film structure possessed strong, sustained insect‐repellent and antimicrobial effects, providing a new possibility for the industrial applications to food packaging.Practical ApplicationA multifunctional active packaging film with insect‐repellent and antimicrobial activities was developed. Star anise oil and thymol that showed insect‐repellent and antimicrobial activities (antibacterial and antifungal activities), respectively, were added in coating layers in the multilayer film structure. The developed multilayer film proved an efficient insect‐repellent activity against Plodia interpunctella for >3 weeks. Also, strong antibacterial and antifungal activities of the developed multilayer film were proved against Staphylococcus aureus and Penicillium roqueforti, respectively. The developed film has a potential for the industrial use to the food packaging material.
Turbulent dislocations in central Australia:
Authors: HINKSON MELINDA 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACTA Warlpiri woman is exiled from her community in Australia's Central Desert and pursues a new life in metropolitan Adelaide. The state promises that Aboriginal people will have better life prospects beyond their remote territories, but the grueling disruptions of their relationships to place shows otherwise. To be caught between alternate and transforming subjectivities associated with the desert and the city is to inhabit a particular kind of exile. Under contemporary conditions, exile acquires new ambiguities and intensities, as anxious mobility and digital communication enable people to participate in aspects of life from which they have been physically separated, albeit in attenuated ways. Exile is a contradictory experience of liberation and entrapment that generates, but ultimately withholds, new possible selves and lives.
Four priorities for new links between conservation science and accounting research
Authors: Feger Clément , Mermet Laurent , Vira Bhaskar , Addison Prue F.E. , Barker Richard , Birkin Frank , Burns John , Cooper Stuart , Couvet Denis , Cuckston Thomas , Daily Gretchen C. , Dey Colin , Gallagher Louise , Hails Rosemary , Jollands Stephen , Mace Georgina , Mckenzie Emily , Milne Markus , Quattrone Paolo , Rambaud Alexandre , Russell Shona , Santamaria Marta , Sutherland William J. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractArticle impact statement: New collaborations with accounting research can improve conservation impact of ecosystem‐based information systems.
Prevalence and clinicians’ awareness of psychiatric comorbidities among first–episode schizophrenia
Authors: Siu Man–wah , Chong Catherine Shiu–yin , Lo William Tak–lam 
Published: November 2018

BackgroundTo explore the prevalence and clinicians’ awareness of psychiatric comorbidities, and to identify factors associated with current psychiatric comorbidities in first–episode schizophrenia (FES) patients.MethodIn this cross–sectional study, 128 patients with FES, who were in symptomatic remission, were consecutively recruited from a local early intervention clinic. All patients were interviewed using the Chinese bilingual version of the Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th Edition, Axis I Disorders, Positive and Negative Syndrome Scales, Scale to Assess Unawareness of Mental Disorder, Social and Occupational Functioning Assessment Scale, Simpson–Angus Scale, Barnes Akathisia Rating Scale and Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed to investigate factors associated with psychiatric comorbidities in FES patients.ResultsThe lifetime and point prevalence of psychiatric comorbidities among FES patients were 47.7% and 27.3%, respectively. Current psychiatric comorbidities were documented on the medical records of 39.3% of the patients. The FES patients with current psychiatric comorbidities had a lower level of functioning. Depression in FES was also associated with akathisia.ConclusionPsychiatric comorbidities are prevalent among community FES patients. In addition to achieving symptomatic remission in schizophrenia, both treating psychiatric comorbidities and minimizing the side–effects of treatment, particularly akathisia, are fundamental for supporting FES patients in their journey to recovery.
A need for a paradigm shift in focus: From Kt/Vurea to appropriate removal of sodium (the ignored uremic toxin)
Authors: Twardowski Zbylut J. , Misra Madhukar 
Published: November 2018

AbstractHemodialysis for chronic renal failure was introduced and developed in Seattle, WA, in the 1960s. Using Kiil dialyzers, weekly dialysis time and frequency were established to be about 30 hours on 3 time weekly dialysis. This dialysis time and frequency was associated with 10% yearly mortality in the United States in 1970s. Later in 1970s, newer and more efficient dialyzers were developed and it was felt that dialysis time could be shortened. An additional incentive to shorten dialysis was felt to be lower cost and higher convenience. Additional support for shortening dialysis time was provided by a randomized prospective trial performed by National Cooperative Dialysis Study (NCDS). This study committed a Type II statistical error rejecting the time of dialysis as an important factor in determining the quality of dialysis. This study also provided the basis for the establishment of the Kt/Vurea index as a measure of dialysis adequacy. This index having been established in a sacrosanct randomized controlled trial (RCT), was readily accepted by the HD community, and led to shorter dialysis, and higher mortality in the United States. Kt/Vurea is a poor measure of dialysis quality because it combines three unrelated variables into a single formula. These variables influence the clinical status of the patient independent of each other. It is impossible to compensate short dialysis duration (t) with the increased clearance of urea (K), because the tolerance of ultrafiltration depends on the plasma‐refilling rate, which has nothing in common with urea clearance. Later, another RCT (the HEMO study) committed a Type III statistical error by asking the wrong research question, thus not yielding any valuable results. Fortunately, it did not lead to deterioration of dialysis outcomes in the United States. The third RCT in this field (“in‐center hemodialysis 6 times per week versus 3 times per week”) did not bring forth any valuable results, but at least confirmed what was already known. The fourth such trial (“The effects of frequent nocturnal home hemodialysis”) too did not show any positive results primarily due to significant subject recruitment issues leading to inappropriate selection of patients. Comparison of the value of peritoneal dialysis and HD in RCTs could not be completed because of recruitment problems. Randomized controlled trials have therefore failed to yield any meaningful information in the area of dose and or frequency of hemodialysis.
Identification of symptom clusters and their synergistic effects on quality of life in rheumatoid arthritis patients
Authors: Oh HyunSoo , Park JiSuk , Seo WhaSook 
Published: November 2018

AbstractAimsTo examine the presence of symptom clusters and synergistic effects of symptom clusters on quality of life in rheumatoid arthritis patients.BackgroundRheumatoid arthritis patients frequently experience multiple concurrent symptoms of pain, fatigue, and depression.DesignA nonexperimental, cross‐sectional correlation design.MethodsThe study participants were 179 rheumatoid arthritis patients. Data were collected between August and December 2016. A hypothetical model was developed based on the Theory of Unpleasant Symptoms Model: physiological antecedents included disease activity and obesity; symptoms of pain, fatigue, and depression were hypothesized as being clustered, and quality of life was taken as the outcome variable.ResultsDisease activity had significant direct effects on pain, fatigue, and depression and indirect effects on fatigue and depression, whereas obesity had a significant direct effect on fatigue alone. Three symptom clusters, namely, pain fatigue, fatigue depression, and pain‐fatigue depression were identified and found to have significant synergistic effects on quality of life.ConclusionsOur findings support the importance of managing clusters of symptoms simultaneously, that is, collective symptom management. Inter‐cluster dynamics between symptoms should be considered when nurses develop symptom management strategies or self‐management programs to improve the quality of life of rheumatoid arthritis patients.
Decreased nematode clearance and anti‐phosphorylcholine‐specific IgM responses in mannose‐binding lectin‐deficient mice
Authors: Ahmed Rubina , Cadman Emma T , Snapper Clifford M , Lawrence Rachel A 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBrugia malayi is a nematode that causes human lymphatic filariasis. Previously, we showed that mannose‐binding lectin (MBL)‐A is necessary for clearance of B. malayi microfilariae in mice and presence of MBL‐A is linked with maximal levels of parasite‐specific IgM. Common human MBL gene polymorphisms result in low MBL expression and lead to recurring bacterial infections. Furthermore, these low‐expressing human MBL polymorphisms result in greatly increased susceptibility to lymphatic filarial infection. Indeed, gain of new filarial infections over a 30‐year period are 10‐fold higher in people with low, compared to high, MBL‐expression phenotypes. Human MBL closely resembles mouse MBL‐C, rather than MBL‐A; therefore, we examined the role of mouse MBL‐C in clearance of microfilariae. Absence of MBL‐C alone, or both MBL‐A and ‐C, resulted in delayed clearance of microfilariae and reduced parasite‐specific IgM in mice. There were few profound changes in B cell sub‐populations or in the ability of MBL‐deficient mice to respond to T‐dependent or T‐independent antigens. However, absence of MBL‐A and/or MBL‐C resulted in reduced IgM to phosphorylcholine, a constituent of filarial and bacterial antigens, suggesting that inability to form proficient antibody responses to this moiety leads to lack of microfilarial clearance and overall susceptibility to filariasis.
Low‐frequency dielectric dispersion in polymer‐derived amorphous silicon carbonitride ceramics
Authors: Ma Baisheng , Cao Yejie , Zhu Yan , Li Xuqin , Cheng Zhongyang 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe dielectric response of polymer‐derived amorphous silicon carbonitride (PDC‐SiCN) material was studied over a wide frequency range from 1 mHz to 10 MHz. Aside from presenting a relaxation process over 105 to 0.03 Hz frequency range, the material showed a strong low‐frequency dielectric dispersion (LFDD), which resulted in extremely high permittivities (up to 105) at frequencies lower than 0.03 Hz. It is identified that this LFDD resulted from relaxation process was not induced by conductivity. Therefore, PDC‐SiCN material showed two relaxation processes. Based on its microstructure, two polarization mechanisms were proposed for PDC‐SiCN: a mechanism based on polarons generated by unpaired electrons present in the material and an interfacial polarization mechanism as a result of different properties of SiCxN4−x matrix and free‐carbon clusters. Interfacial polarization process was simulated based on a parallel plate model involving two different materials. The result indicated that the relaxation time of an interfacial polarization can be distributed over a broad time range in the material.
UV‐C treatment on the safety of skim milk: Effect on microbial inactivation and cytotoxicity evaluation
Authors: Ward Danielle M. , Patras Ankit , Kilonzo‐Nthenge Agnes , Yannam Sudheer K. , Pan Che , Xiao Hang , Sasges Michael 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe efficacy of UV‐C irradiation as a nonthermal processing method for skim milk (SM) was investigated. SM inoculated with two surrogate viruses (MS2 and T1UV), and three bacteria (Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium ATCC 13311, and Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 19115) was treated with Deanflow UV‐C irradiation, a spiral reactor with the fluid pumped around a central low‐pressure mercury UV lamp (40 W) emitting at 254 nm wave‐length. A series of known UV doses (0–168.33 mJ·cm2) were delivered to the samples. The microbial loads of MS2, T1UV, E. coli, Salmonella, and Listeria were reduced by more than 5 log10. The inactivation kinetics of all microorganisms were best described by log linear models with a low RMSE and higher coefficient of determination (R2 > 0.95). This study demonstrated that high levels of inactivation of pathogenic particles can be achieved in SM.Practical applicationsThis scientific study provides evidence based data on the advantages of UV‐C light in achieving microbial reduction in skim milk. The irradiated skim milk did not show any toxicity on mice liver and intestinal cells. UV‐C irradiation is an efficient food preservation technology and offers opportunities for dairy and food processing industries to meet the growing demand from consumers for safer foods. This exploration would provide methodological evidence for commercialization of UV‐C processing of milk and dairy based beverages.
Effect of açaí pulp, cheese whey, and hydrolysate collagen on the characteristics of dairy beverages containing probiotic bacteria
Authors: da Mata Rigoto Jéssica , Ribeiro Taís Helena Santos , Stevanato Natália , Sampaio Anderson Reginaldo , Ruiz Suelen Pereira , Bolanho Beatriz Cervejeira 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of hydrolysate collagen (HC), cheese whey (CW), and açaí pulp (AP) content on the characteristics of probiotic dairy beverages. Higher levels of CW and AP decreased beverage ash and protein content, and increased lipid and carbohydrate content and energy values. HC and AP positively affected the viscosity of the formulations, which exhibited pseudoplastic behavior. In terms of quality parameters, higher levels of CW and AP increased both the syneresis (2.56–5.74%) and sedimentation index values (1.80–1.87%) of the formulations. The beverages presented adequate stability of physicochemical and microbiological parameters during 28 days storage. Formulations containing average levels of CW (22.5%), AP (30%), and HC (1.0%) achieved the best results regarding sensory analysis, with acceptability index values above 70% for most parameters.Practical applicationsDemand for probiotic foods is currently increasing due to their potential health benefits. Although the utilization of cheese whey in dairy beverage development is a challenge to the food industry because of the viscosity of the final product, this situation can be improved via the use of selected ingredients. Açaí pulp, hydrolyzed collagen, and cheese whey, when used in the production of probiotic dairy beverages, offer to the market a new functional product of adequate quality and acceptability.
The impact of atrial fibrillation on transcatheter mitral valve repair outcomes: A propensity‐matched analysis
Authors: Subahi Ahmed , Munir Ahmad , Abubakar Hossam , Akintoye Emmanuel , Yassin Ahmed S. , Adegbala Oluwole , Alraies Mohamed Chadi , Elder Mahir , Mohamad Tamam , Kaki Amir , Schreiber Theodore 
Published: November 2018

BackgroundThe concomitant presence of atrial fibrillation (AF) in the setting of Transcatheter Mitral Valve Repair (TMVR) represents a clinical challenge. Despite the high AF burden in patients presenting for the TMVR procedure, there are no studies that evaluate the impact of AF on in‐hospital outcomes of TMVR in a nationally representative United States sample reflecting real practice. Therefore, we sought to study the outcomes of AF patients undergoing TMVR.Methods and ResultsThe study included 1026 patients from the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) registry. Patients (age ≥18 years) who had undergone TAVR as a primary procedure from 2011 to 2014 were included, using the ICD‐9‐CM diagnostic codes. We examined patient characteristics and in‐hospital outcomes. To account for patient and hospital‐level baseline differences, we performed propensity score‐matched analysis. The prevalence of AF was approximately 56%. After adjusting for patient‐level and hospital‐level characteristics, there was no statistical difference regarding in‐hospital mortality (odds ratio [OR] 0.72, 95%CI 0.29‐1.80, P = 0.487), post‐TMVR complications, length of stay (OR 1.15, 95%CI 0.97‐1.38, P = 0.111), and cost of hospitalization (OR 1.04, 95%CI 0.94‐1.14, P = 0.475) between the group with AF versus without AF. However, patients with AF were more likely to have non‐routine hospital discharge (42.94% vs 35.48% P = 0.02).ConclusionAF is a frequently encountered arrhythmia among patients undergoing TMVR with MitraClip. However, TMVR can be performed safely in the vast majority of patients, irrespective of their baseline rhythm.
Standardized extract of Erythrina velutina Willd. attenuates schizophrenia-Like behaviours and oxidative parameters in experimental animal models
Authors: Dias Katia Cilene Ferreira , de Almeida Jamily Cunha , Vasconcelos Luna Costa , Patrocínio Marianna Letícia Vasconcelos , Barbosa Talita Matias , Ximenes Naiara Coelho , Leitão Ana Paula de Azevedo , Louchard Bianca Oliveira , Pimenta Antônia Torres Ávila , Pinto Francisco das Chagas Lima , Leal Luzia Kalyne Almeida Moreira , Honório Junior José Eduardo Ribeiro , Vasconcelos Silvânia Maria Mendes 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

Objectives
To study the effects of the standardized extract from the leaves of Erythrina velutina in behavioural and oxidative parameters in the ketamine-induced schizophrenia model.

Methods
Mice received ketamine (KET) or saline for 7 days. From 8th to 14th day, the animals received Erythrine (Eryt) (100, 200 or 400 mg/kg) or olanzapine (Olanz), 1 h after KET administration. At 14th day, 30 min after the last administration of KET, the open-field and pre-pulse inhibition (PPI) tests were performed. Then, the animals were sacrificed and the prefrontal cortex (PFC), hippocampus (HC) and striatum (ST) were dissected for the oxidative tests.

Key findings
Ketamine increased spontaneous locomotor activity and grooming. KET decreased the PPI, which was reversed by combining it with Eryt or olanzapine. KET decreased GSH concentration in PFC and ST this was reversed by Eryt. KET increased MDA concentration in PFC and HC this was reversed by Eryt. Eryt and Olanzapine reduced MDA concentration in ST when compared to KET group. Nitrite concentration was reduced by administration of KET in the PFC.

Conclusions
These results demonstrate that the standardized extract of E. velutina can prevent behavioural symptoms and oxidative stress induced by repeated doses of KET.
After Empire: Karl Renner's Danubian model of pluralism
Authors: von Busekist Astrid 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThis article argues that Karl Renner's multinational model for the Austrian‐Hungarian Empire is an alternative model for contemporary a‐territorial, multinational and federal arrangements. Nations, in his view, should act as intermediary bodies between the relevant communities and the state. His concept of ‘subjective public law’ combines principles that most authors find mutually exclusive: individual rights, choice over one's national cultural membership, non‐territorial administration of national communities and overseeing of equal collective rights by the state. Neither Staatsnation nor Kulturnation, the model is a combination of the two under the auspices of a federal state combined with a strong theory of individual and collective rights. I provide the reader with a comprehensive intellectual biography of Karl Renner, as I argue that an understanding of the man himself, his political pragmatism and his statism are crucial to comprehending this theoretical position. Throughout his life, Renner was a German nationalist, held a strong nostalgia for the Habsburg Empire and voted in favour of the Anschluß. His concurrent careers as a scholar and as a politician account for a series of contradictions. I argue however that these can be reconciled and explained by a careful comparative reading of his scholarly work and his political statements.
A family with both X‐linked dominant Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease and myotonic dystrophy type 1 mutations with phenotypic variations
Authors: Mori Chiaki , Nakatani Rie , Nakamori Masayuki , Matsumura Tsuyoshi , Takahashi Masanori P. , Fujimura Harutoshi , Mochizuki Hideki , Sakoda Saburo 
Published: November 2018

AbstractWe report 2 members of a family with gene mutations for both X‐linked dominant Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease and myotonic dystrophy type 1. The father shows symptoms of hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy, while his daughter has symptoms of myotonic dystrophy. Detailed clinical manifestations in both cases are described.