bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Blood coagulation in venous thrombosis, complicating treatment of children, adolescents and young adults with lymphomas
Authors: Dmitriev V. V. , Fedorova A. S. , Lipay N. V. , Begun I. V. , Dunaev I. A. , Dmitriev E. V. 
Published: January 2019

Objective of the study was to compare blood clotting parameters in lymphoma patients with or without venous thrombosis (VT), as well as to analyze the duration and outcome of anticoagulant therapy in children, adolescents and young adults with lymphoma, whose program treatment was complicated by VT.Materials and methods . The analysis included 28 patients with lymphoma (Hodgkin lymphoma – 5, non-Hodgkin lymphoma – 23), aged from 2 to 25 years (median – 16.0 years), whose program treatment in 2005–2017 was complicated by VT. The case-control study was carried out to compare the parameters of blood coagulation. The control group consisted of 22 patients, aged from 2 to 20 years (median – 15.5 years) with the same diagnosis, age, therapy protocol and phase of treatment who had no thrombotic complications. The comparison group consisted of 35 healthy children aged from 3 to 18 years (median – 14.0 years).Results . There was no difference in majority of blood clotting parameters in lymphoma patients with or without VT. Hyperfibrinogenemia and an increased D-dimers level distinguished patients with lymphoma, regardless of the presence or absence of thrombosis, from healthy children of the same age (р<0.05). Anticoagulant therapy up to 3 months received 10 patients, for 4–6 months – 4, for 7–12 months – 12, up to 18 months – 2. One adult patient with a homozygous mutation 20210G>A gene of the factor II takes warfarin continuously for a long time after relapse of VT. Complete recanalization of the thrombosed vessel occurred within the first 3 months in 9 patients, within 4–6 months – in 1, within 7–12 months ‒ in 4. Partial recanalization within 3–12 months was confirmed in 8 patients. Vein obliteration, mainly the internal jugular vein, as the outcome of VT occurred in 6 patients within 4–12 months.Conclusion . Detection of routine blood clotting parameters does not allow identifying patients with thrombosis among children, adolescents and young adults with lymphoma. Fibrinogen and D-dimers levels were significantly higher in lymphoma patients, than in healthy children. Anticoagulant therapy for 3–12 months led to the complete or partial recanalization of VT in 79 % of patients. To detect blood clotting parameters by thrombosis development, as well as to reveal and monitor transient and permanent risk factors are necessary to specify the cause of VT and to determine the appropriate anticoagulant therapy.
Study of myelodysplastic features in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes by multicolor flow cytometry
Authors: Davydova O. Yu. , Galtseva I. V. , Parovichnikova E. N. , Kokhno A. V. , Kapranov N. M. , Troitskaya V. V. , Mikhailova E. A. , Fidarova Z. T. , Moiseeva T. N. , Kuzmina L. A. , Lukina E. A. , Obukhova T. N. , Grebenyuk L. A. , Kovrigina A. M. , Dvirnyk V. N. , Savchenko V. G. 
Published: January 2019

Background . Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are a heterogeneous group of clonal diseases of the hematopoiesis system characterized by dismyelopoiesis and cytopenia, the presence of cytogenetic aberrations and a high risk of transformation into acute myeloid leukemias. Diagnosis of MDS requires a comprehensive approach and mandatory performance of cytological, cytochemical and cytogenetic studies of bone marrow aspirate, as well as histological examination of trephine biopsy. However, in some cases it is necessary to undergo a diagnostic test that would allow verification of the MDS. The study of bone marrow aspirate by multicolor flow cytometry (MFC) can be considered as an additional diagnostic criterion in the diagnosis of MDS.The objective of the study was to estimate the incidence of myelodysplastic features in patients with various forms of MDS by the MFC method. Materials and methods . The study included 79 patients with MDS: 8 with MDS with 5q deletion, 33 with MDS without excess blast cells and 38 with excess of blasts. A bone marrow aspirate test was performed by 6-color flow cytometry. The control group included 35 donors of allogeneic bone marrow. The analysis resulted in a conclusion on the Ogata score scale, the Wells prognostic scale and the combined Ogata–Wells scale. When using the screening method, the presence of two or more cytometric signs of MDS was detected in 60 (75.9 %) of 79 MDS patients. Wells score was higher in MDS group with an excess of blast than in others. Using the combined Ogata–Wells scale, cytometric aberrations were found in 70 (88.6 %) of 79 MDS patients. In patients with MDS with an excess of blasts, the incidence of increased CD34+ and/or CD117+ myeloid cells was higher than in MDS patients without an excess of blasts and an MDS with a 5q deletion. The frequency of abnormal cytometric parameters (anomalous expression of CD34, CD117, CD56+ myeloblasts) in these groups did not differ. In patients with isolated 5q deletion and MDS without excess of blasts, an increased proportion of CD7+CD34+ cells was more often detected than in MDS with an excess of blasts.Conclusion . Thus, cytometric abnormalities in MDS are common, even in patients without excess of blasts. The MFC method can be used as an additional diagnostic method in the initial diagnosis of MDS.
Clinical and biological features of acute myeloid leukemia with MLL gene rearrangements in children and results of therapy according to protocols AML-MM-2000/2006 in the Republic of Belarus
Authors: Barovskaya Yu. A. , Stegantseva M. V. , Aleinikova O. V. 
Published: January 2019

Objective of the study . Analysis of the treatment outcomes of patients with MLL rearrangements in the Republic of Belarus within protocols AML-MM-2000 and AML-MM-2006.Materials and methods . The study included 151 patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (AML) who were treated according to protocol AML-MM-2000 and AML-MM-2006. 11q23 abnormalities were detected in 40 (26.5 %) out of 151 patients.Results . The performed analysis of the survival outcomes of patients with 11q23 depending on the protocol showed that the probability of 5-year event-free survival (EFS) was significantly better (p = 0.0110) in children receiving treatment under protocol AML-MM-2006 (86 ± 13 %) compared with that of the patients included in protocol AML-MM-2000 (23 ± 12 %). Using protocol AML-MM-2006 allowed reducing the cumulative incidence of relapse (CIR) in this cohort from 46.2 ± 15.1 to 14.3 ± 14.3 % (p = 0.1609). EFS probability in recipients of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alloHSCT) was 100 %, whereas in the group without alloHSCT – 31 ± 12 %, p = 0.0359. The treatment outcomes of patients with t(1;11) are comparable to those with CBF leukemia. The risk of relapse in patients with t(10;11) is higher than in the rest of the 11q23 cohort (62.5 ± 19.2 % versus 21.9 ± 7.5 %; p = 0.0136). CIR in patients with t(9;11) decreased from 42.8 % in protocol AML-MM-2000 to 15.4 % in protocol AML-MM-2006 (p = 0.1411).Conclusion . For the described cohort of patients alloHSCT is the best option for post-remission therapy. The worst prognosis is determined in patients with t(10;11), whereas the presence of t(1;11) is a favorable prognostic factor. Using the arm with cladribine showed to be effective in patients with t(9;11). To obtain reliable outcomes, we consider it reasonable to continue the study with the use of cladribine in patients with t(9;11).
Flow cytometric analysis of leukemic blast cells in pediatric B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia with translocation t(12;21)(p13;q22)/ETV6-RUNX1
Authors: Permikin Zh. V. , Popov A. M. , Verzhbitskaya T. Yu. , Riger Т. О. , Arakaev O. R. , Vlasova A. A. , Olshanskaya Yu. V. , Kazakova A. N. , Tsvirenko S. V. , Saveliev L. I. , Tsaur G. A. , Fechina L. G. 
Published: January 2019

The objective of the study was searching for surface antigen expression that could predict presence of translocation t(12;21)(p13;q22)/ETV6RUNX1 in pediatric B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients.Results . ETV6-RUNX1 fusion gene transcript was revealed in 118 (22.4 %) out of 526 children with B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Leukemic blast cells in ETV6-RUNX1-positive patients more frequently had high CD10 expression, myeloid markers co-expression , including CD13, CD33, CD117, and absence of CD20 than in ETV6-RUNX1-negative ones. Nevertheless diagnostic test performance characteristics of each single parameter was not strong enough for predicting the presence of translocation t(12;21)(p13;q22)/ETV6-RUNX1.Conclusion . Thus application of conventional set of immunological markers does not allow reliable distinguishing this patients’ subgroup. However antibodies panel enlargement, high degree of flow cytometry standardization and additional analytical methods can potentially improve applicability of antigen profile analysis for separation of patients with translocation t(12;21)(p13;q22)/ETV6-RUNX1.
The role of HPV16 regulatory region methylation in viral oncogenes E6 and E7 eхpression in primary cervical cancer lesions
Authors: Abramov P. M. , Katargin A. N. , Fedorova M. D. , Kisseljova N. P. , Pavlova L. S. , Vinokurova S. V. 
Published: January 2019

Background.Overexpression of the human papillomavirus oncogenes E6 and E7 is a major factor in initiation and progression of HPV-induced tumors. Inactivation of negative regulatory function of E2 protein – the main viral transcription and replication regulator – is considered to be an important mechanism leading to the viral oncogenes overexpression. It is known that the loss of E2 functions occurs due to disruption of E2 open reading frame during the viral DNA integration into a cell genome in a part of HPV-positive tumors. An alternative mechanism of E2 function blocking in tumors retained its expression can be methylation of the HPV regulatory region, since it is known that E2 is incapable to bind its methylated binding sites.The study objectiveis to analyze methylation of the HPV16 regulatory region and expression of the viral E6 and E7 oncogenes in E2 expressing or non-expressing clinical samples of cervical cancer.Results.It has been demonstrated that the level of the HPV16 URR methylation in E2-expressing lesions is significantly higher than that in non-expressing cervical cancer lesions. Demethylation of the HPV16 promoter in cervical cell line Caski is followed by decrease of the viral E6 и E7 oncogenes mRNA levels, supporting the hypothesis that methylation is necessary for effective E6 and E7 transcription and indicates on restitution of E2 regulatory function in E2-expressing cervical cancer cells.Conclusion.These data suggest that methylation of E2 binding sites in HPV16 regulatory region blocking E2 protein binding represents an important mechanism ensuring high level of the viral E6 and E7 oncogenes expression.
Non-canonical activity of retinoic acid in relation to the activation of protein kinases in transformed cells of different origin
Authors: Enikeev A. D. , Komelkov A. V. , Zborovskaya I. B. , Galetsky S. A. , Skryabin G. O. , Tchevkina E. M. 
Published: January 2019

Background.The non-canonical activity of retinoic acid (RA) was discovered relatively recently and consists in the rapid activation of intracellular signaling pathways by the mechanisms not related to the transcriptional activity of the RA nuclear receptors. Separate data suggest that this activity can stimulate the processes of malignancy and contribute to the formation of tumor cell resistance to RA as a therapeutic agent. However, little is known about the mechanisms of this activity. It is also unclear how universal this effect is; does the RA-dependent activation of different signaling protein kinases occur in the same cells, and whether activation of these kinases is interrelated.Materials and methods: cultivation of non-small cell lung cancer cells and neuroblastoma cells under standard conditions and with incubation with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA); immunoblotting.Results. Here we studied the effect of ATRA on the activation of Akt and Erk1/2 protein kinases depending on the incubation time. The analysis revealed RA-dependent activation of both kinases in all studied non-small cell lung cancer and neuroblastoma cell lines. Activation of Akt and Erk1/2 occurred at five minutes of incubation, which corresponds to the non-transcriptional (non-canonical) activity of the RA, however, further activation kinetics of the two kinases differed essentially.Conclusion.We found that ATRA causes rapid activation of Erk1/2 and Akt protein kinases in both non-small cell lung cancer and neuroblastoma cells. The differences in the kinetics of RA-dependent stimulation of these two kinases suggest that their activation is mediated by independent mechanisms.
Tumor associated macrophages: current research and perspectives of clinical use
Authors: Gratchev A. N. , Samoilova D. V. , Rashidova M. A. , Petrenko A. A. , Kovaleva O. V. 
Published: January 2019

Macrophages are the key cells of the innate immune system. One of the main functions of macrophages is the regulation of inflammation. Being common in all tissues and organs of the human body, tissue macrophages control their condition and guarantee a timely and effective response to damage, pathogen penetration or cell transformation. After eliminating the cause of inflammation, macrophages initiate the processes of healing and restoration of tissue homeostasis. At the end of the 20thcentury, the concept of macrophage activation dichotomy was proposed, which divided them into classically (M1) and alternatively (M2) activated ones. The development of this concept has led to the description of a wide variety of macrophage phenotypes. At the same time, M2 continues to be considered a prototype of tumor associated macrophages (TAM).TAM represent one of the most important cell types in the tumor microenvironment. Like all macrophages, they have a certain level of heterogeneity and plasticity, which develop under the influence of cytokines and growth factors produced by tumor cells. TAM, in turn, produces growth factors, cytokines and extracellular matrix components that support the progression of the tumor and increase its malignant potential. Numerous clinical studies have shown that the amount of TAM is often correlated with a poor prognosis of the disease. TAM perform a large number of functions necessary to maintain tumor progression. They are capable of stimulating angiogenesis and reorganization of the vascular system. Since the role of TAM in tumor development has become apparent, various attempts have been made to use them in the clinic. It can be confidently asserted that various TAM markers are very attractive as diagnostic and prognostic markers of various tumors, and also as promising targets for the development of new targeted therapeutic agents.
HIFα as a target for different oncoproteins during carcinogenesis
Authors: Kobliakov V. A. 
Published: January 2019

The basic characteristics of tumours are ability for invasiveness and metastasis. These properties are realized due to destruction of intercellular matrix caused with acidification of intercellular area stimulated with transition from tissue respiration to glycolysis. The transition to glycolysis in tumor cells is observed not only during hypoxic state how is realized in normal cells but also during oxygenation (Warburg effect). It is accepted that by any carcinogenic action the activation of oncogenes or inactivation of genes – supressors occurs. As a result it is permanent expression of oncoproteins and stimulation of tumour development. Different oncoproteins operate in different regulation systems at that they cause the same effect – tumour development.It is assumed that oncoproteins are not the ultimate factor in tumour development but there are existed some common element which is activated by different oncoproteins. In this review it is assumed that common element is HIFα (hypoxia-inducible factor α) transcription factor and it is discussed the mechanisms its activation by oncoproteins takes place in different signal systems.
Small GTPase Rab3B: biological properties and possible role in carcinogenesis
Authors: Budko A. A. , Khesina P. A. , Diakov L. M. , Lazarevich N. L. 
Published: January 2019

Proteins of the superfamily of small guanosine triphosphate hydrolase (GTPase) perform various functions: from the control of cell proliferation to the regulation of vesicular transport. The superfamily of small GTPase Ras includes more than 150 proteins, devided to 5 major families (Arf, Ran, Rho, Ras and Rab), and plays an important role in carcinogenesis. Compared to the other families, the Rab family was investigated by relatively small number studies, which does not equally reflect their role in malignant transformation processes. In our review we have focused on both the subfamily Rab3 and its poorly investigated member Rab3B. Recent findings allow to consider Rab3B not only as a promising diagnostic or prognostic marker for several types of neoplasms, but also is a potential target for antitumor therapy. Our analysis of publicly available transcriptional databases revealed that kidney, lung and liver cancer patients with low Rab3B gene expression demonstrate a better overall five-year survival.
Wnt-signaling pathway in pathogenesis of glioblastoma multiforme
Authors: Vasilets Yu. D. , Arnotskaya N. E. , Kudryavtsev I. A. , Shevchenko V. E. 
Published: January 2019

The Wnt-signaling pathway regulates various biological processes, such as embryonic development, self-renewal, proliferation, differentiation and migration of stem cells. The Wnt-signaling is involved in tumor progression by aberrant activation in stem-like cells, called cancer stem cells, in different kinds of tumor, including multiform glioblastoma. The Wnt-signaling promotes stemness, invasion, metastasis, therapeutic and immune resistance of cancer stem cells in multiform glioblastoma. To summarize, targeting the Wnt-signaling pathway as an oncogenic driver is the future hope for effective therapy of glioblastoma for which current standard therapy is not effective.In this review, we focused on functions of the Wnt-signaling in cancer stem cells and involvement of the Wnt-signaling pathway in gliomagenesis.
VOLUNTEERING AS A FACTOR IN THE FORMATION OF MORAL STANDARDS AMONG YOUNG PEOPLE
Authors: Popova N. V. , Popova E. V. 
Published: January 2019

Introduction.Volunteering is a socially significant activity, which contributes to solving separate acute social issues and showing the best qualities of an individual – compassion, ability to sympathise and readiness to provide assistance to people in need. Through volunteering, a person achieves self-esteem and a feeling of his or her relevance and usefulness. Under the present circumstances, aspects of the study of volunteering and youth attitudes to this concept are especially relevant. Over the last decades, social transformations have occurred, leading to a reassessment of the value system, and, consequently, society has lost its moral compass. Participation in volunteering can become one of the effective factors in the formation of ethical standards and humanistic value orientations among young people.Theaimof the research was to investigate the educational potential of volunteering through studying the attitudes of young people.Methodology and research methods.The research was based on axiological and sociological approaches. In the course of the research, the following methods were used: review and synthesis of historical-philosophical and sociological literature, sociological group face-to-face surveys, and comparative analysis of statistical data. Results and scientific novelty.The authors justified the necessity for moral education of working youth through the involvement of young people in realizing charitable projects and organising philanthropic events. The authors highlighted the aspects of conducting charitable activities in one of the socially-oriented enterprises of the Urals – Sinarsky Pipe Plant. A questionnaire based survey conducted among young workers of that metal manufacturer revealed the fact of mass participation in various charitable activities (out of the sample seize of 180 young workers, 89% of respondents admitted their involvement in philanthropic activities). The respondents expressed interest in charitable projects and readiness to spend own time, energy and money for rendering disinterested targeted assistance to children with special needs and children with disabilities (56.3%), to elderly people living in difficult life situations (52.5%), to stray animals (50.0%), to children suffering from cancer (49.3%). It was concluded that charity work forms ethical standards at young people, and develops altruistic qualities such as disinterestedness and responsiveness, as well as civil consciousness.Practical significance.The research outcomes can be used when preparing, organising and holding charitable work with the aim of bringing up morally and ethically educated young workers, as well as students of educational institutions of different levels.
El influencer de moda como sujeto de relaciones públicas: recursos y herramientas
Authors: Villena Alarcón Eduardo 
Published: January 2019

Internet y las redes sociales han favorecido la aparición de un nuevo perfil profesional dentro del mundo de la moda: el influencer. Un gran número de empresas han incorporado ya a sus estrategias de comunicación las relaciones con estos nuevos líderes de opinión; los cuales se han revelado como auténticos prescriptores de las firmas de moda. Sin embargo, son exiguos los estudios que ponen de manifiesto la importancia de esta nueva figura y la necesidad de identificarlos correctamente. Por ello, la consiguiente investigación propone una revisión documental que permita dirimir el verdadero valor de las acciones con influencers como estrategia de relaciones públicas 4.0.; así como determinar cuáles son los recursos y las herramientas más importantes para lograr seleccionar quiénes más nos convengan. De los resultados arrojados por la investigación podemos dilucidar una necesidad por parte de las relaciones públicas de aportar un valor estratégico a esta actividad. Concluye un documento que aporta una hoja de ruta por recursos y herramientas que permite a los directores de comunicación identificar correctamente a estos nuevos colaboradores en función de sus necesidades y objetivos.
Comunicación política y emigración. Acciones de relaciones públicas del gobierno de Galicia en las colectividades gallegas de Iberoamérica
Authors: Fernández-Souto Ana Belén , Puentes-Rivera Iván , Vázquez Gestal Montse 
Published: January 2019

La emigración gallega a América ha resultado tan importante a lo largo del siglo XX, que en muchos países de ese continente Galicia es denominada la madre patria y los españoles, por extensión, son conocidos como gallegos. Dada la importancia numérica y cualitativa, en cuanto a su peso en determinados sectores económicos, de emigrantes de esta comunidad autónoma en muchos países iberoamericanos, el presente artículo analiza la trascendencia que la Xunta de Galicia (el gobierno autonómico) concede a esos emigrantes y a sus descendientes, con nacionalidad española, debido fundamentalmente al papel que juegan en los procesos electorales en España, en general, y en Galicia, en particular, voto que en elecciones municipales es determinante a la hora de elegir alcaldes y alcaldesas en varios ayuntamientos.
Para ello se analizarán las acciones comunicativas que se desarrollan al amparo económico de la Xunta en los centros gallegos (agrupaciones de emigrantes de este origen en cada país) y, sobre todo, las visitas institucionales de los Presidentes de Galicia a Iberoamérica.