bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of saffron supplementation on symptoms of depression and anxiety: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Marx Wolfgang , Lane Melissa , Rocks Tetyana , Ruusunen Anu , Loughman Amy , Lopresti Adrian , Marshall Skye , Berk Michael , Jacka Felice , Dean Olivia M 
Published: April 2019

Abstract

Context
Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) has gained interest as a potential treatment in psychiatry.

Objective
This systematic review and meta-analysis sought to investigate the effect of saffron supplementation, as both an adjunctive therapy and monotherapy, on symptoms of depression and anxiety in clinical and general populations compared with pharmacotherapy or placebo.

Data sources
Using the PRISMA guidelines, a systematic literature review of randomized controlled trials was conducted.

Data extraction
A meta-analysis was conducted to determine treatment effect. Risk of bias was assessed using the Jadad scale.

Results
Twenty-three studies were included. Saffron had a large positive effect size when compared with placebo for depressive symptoms (g = 0.99, P < 0.001) and anxiety symptoms (g = 0.95, P < 0.006). Saffron also had a large positive effect size when used as an adjunct to antidepressants for depressive symptoms (g = 1.23, P = 0.028). Egger’s regression test found evidence of publication bias.

Conclusions
Saffron could be an effective intervention for symptoms of depression and anxiety; however, due to evidence of publication bias and lack of regional diversity, further trials are required. PROSPERO registration CRD42017070060.
Algorithms for surveying and cataloguing space debris utilizing a wide field of view telescope
Authors: Sun Rongyu , Yu Shengxian , Zhao Changyin , Zhang Wei 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Optical surveys using astronomical telescopes are an efficient way to observe and catalogue space debris, especially for detecting debris in medium or geostationary Earth orbits. Nowadays, small aperture and wide field of view telescopes are widely used and play significant roles in optical space debris surveys. However, special challenges arise since space debris is moving relatively to the background stars and the optics suffer from defects. This affects the efficiency of traditional source extraction methods. Here, a dedicated image processing technique is developed to automatically detect and measure space debris from consecutive CCD images. In order to improve the detection efficiency and robustness, several innovative algorithms are introduced to eliminate noise and increase the object detection ability, and the whole pipeline is optimized to reduce the raw images in real time. A trial survey with a wide field of view and small aperture telescope is presented to test our technique. In our survey, two observing strategies are adopted according to the dynamical features of space objects in the high Earth orbital region, and large numbers of raw CCD images are obtained for both strategies; the efficiency of our reduction is investigated based on the reduction results. Our technique exhibits a correlation rate higher than 97%, and around 400 objects can be routinely observed and catalogued just utilizing one wide field of view telescope in one night.
Chromatin Signature and Transcription Factor Binding Provide a Predictive Basis for Understanding Plant Gene Expression
Authors: Wu Zefeng , Tang Jing , Zhuo Junjie , Tian Yuhan , Zhao Feiyang , Li Zhaohong , Yan Yubin , Yang Ruolin 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Chromatin accessibility and post-transcriptional histone modifications play important roles in gene expression regulation. However, little is known about the joint effect of multiple chromatin modifications on the gene expression level in plants, despite that the regulatory roles of individual histone marks such as H3K4me3 in gene expression have been well-documented. By using machine-learning methods, we systematically performed gene expression level prediction based on multiple chromatin modifications data in Arabidopsis and rice. We found that as few as four histone modifications were sufficient to yield good prediction performance, and H3K4me3 and H3K36me3 being the top two predictors with known functions related to transcriptional initiation and elongation, respectively. We demonstrated that the predictive powers differed between protein-coding and non-coding genes as well as between CpG-enriched and CpG-depleted genes. We also showed that the predictive model trained in one tissue or species could be applied to another tissue or species, suggesting shared underlying mechanisms. More interestingly, the gene expression levels of conserved orthologs are easier to predict than the species-specific genes. In addition, chromatin state of distal enhancers was moderately correlated to gene expression but was dispensable if given the chromatin features of the proximal regions of genes. We further extended the analysis to transcription factor (TF) binding data. Strikingly, the combinatorial effects of only a few TFs were roughly fit to gene expression levels in Arabidopsis. Overall, by using quantitative modeling, we provide a comprehensive and unbiased perspective on the epigenetic and TF-mediated regulation of gene expression in plants.
Development of an Evaluative, Educational, and Communication-Facilitating App for Older Adults with Chronic Low Back Pain: Patient Perceptions of Usability and Utility
Authors: Madill Evan S , Samuels Rachel , Newman David P , Boudreaux-Kelley Monique , Weiner Debra K 
Published: April 2019

Abstract

Objective
The purpose of this study is to examine the usability and utility of an office-based iPad app that we developed for older adults with chronic low back pain (CLBP). The app screens for conditions that contribute to back pain and pain interference and provides personalized education based on patient responses. It also facilitates patient–provider communication regarding treatment targets and expectations.

Methods
Forty-six older adults (age ≥60 years) with CLBP were recruited from the Veterans Affairs and from the Pittsburgh community. Testing was split into two phases. Alpha testing (N = 15) was used to drive design changes to the app. Beta testing (N = 30, after one participant withdrew) used a structured questionnaire to evaluate the app’s usability and utility.

Results
The application was rated highly for usability and utility (9.6 and 8.9 out of 10, respectively). The majority of participants (82.1%) agreed that the app would help them communicate with their doctor and that it gave them useful information about potentially harmful or unnecessary interventions such as opioids and imaging (79.2% and 75.0%). Participants (age ≥60 years, mean age = 75.5 years) were able to successfully use the application without assistance and would be willing to do so in their primary care office.

Conclusions
We present the development of a CLBP app that screens for pain contributors and provides personalized education based on patient responses. Such an app could be employed in a variety of clinical settings to help educate patients about their CLBP and to curtail unnecessary interventions. Patient outcomes are being tested in an ongoing clinical trial.
Weaned piglets prefer feed with hydroxychloride trace minerals to feed with sulfate minerals
Authors: Van Kuijk Sandra J A , Fleuren Marleen A , Balemans Anke P J , Han Yanming 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine whether newly weaned piglets had a preference for diets containing hydroxychloride trace minerals (HTM). To test this, two preference tests were set up. In Exp. 1, the piglets could choose between HTM or inorganic, originating from sulfate trace minerals (STM) in the form of sulfates. Two treatments were applied with high Cu levels (160 ppm Cu added) or low Cu levels (15 ppm Cu added). All diets contained 110 ppm added Zn from the same source as Cu in the respective diet. The pigs could choose between a diet with hydroxychloride Cu and Zn or with Cu and Zn originating from sulfates at the same mineral levels. The piglets were included in the study from weaning until 34 d after weaning. In Exp. 2, the piglets could also choose between HTM and STM. However, automated feeding stations were used to collect individual feed intake data. Similarly two treatments were applied, one with high Cu levels (160 ppm added Cu) and one with slightly lower Cu levels (140 ppm added Cu until 28 d after weaning, thereafter 15 ppm added Cu). All diets contained 110 ppm added Zn from the same source as Cu in the respective diet. The piglets were followed until 35 d after weaning. The current studies showed that when piglets were given a choice, they preferred diets with HTM. This effect resulted only in a significant (P &lt; 0.05) preference for HTM at high dietary Cu levels (160 ppm) ranging from 76% to 81% in the first and second week of Exp. 1 to between 53.4% and 57.8% in the overall experiment period of Exp. 2. This preference was less pronounced at levels of 140 ppm added or less. Individual feed intake and gain measurements did not show any link between the preference and the performance.
Assessment of Subjective Sleep Problems in Men With Opioid Dependence Maintained on Buprenorphine
Authors: Tripathi Richa , Dhawan Anju , Rao Ravindra , Mishra Ashwani Kumar , Jain Raka , Sinha Sanjeev 
Published: April 2019

Objectives:
To assess the rates of sleep disturbances in male patients with opioid dependence maintained on buprenorphine and to assess the factors associated with sleep disturbances in this population.

Methods:
Observational, cross-sectional study. Male patients with opioid dependence aged 18 years and older, and started on buprenorphine at least 6 months before were screened. Those with history of comorbid psychiatric illnesses (except sleep disorders), on any other substance in high-risk category (based on WHO-Alcohol Smoking Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST)), or on any other psychotropic medications (in addition to OAT with buprenorphine) were excluded. Sleep was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Sleep-50, and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS). Each participant was interviewed in a single session lasting 60 minutes.

Results:
One hundred six participants were included. Their mean age was 41.1 (SD 14.3) years. The participants had been on OAT with buprenorphine for a median duration of 60 months (IQR 17–120), with excellent adherence rate in past 1 month. The mean current dose of buprenorphine was 10.2 (SD 3.8) mg per day. The mean subjective total sleep time was 403.5 minutes (SD 94.8) and the median sleep latency was 35 minutes (IQR 18.8–62.5). The mean PSQI score was 6.6 (SD 3.4). Nearly 63% (n = 67) participants had PSQI scores more than 5 (PSQI > 5) suggesting sleep problems. Sociodemographic, substance use, and treatment variables were compared between participants who scored more than 5 and those who scored less than 5 on PSQI. No significant difference was found between the 2 groups.

Conclusions:
Substantial proportion of male patients with opioid dependence maintained on buprenorphine have sleep problems. The sleep problems in buprenorphine-maintained patients seem to be independent of substance use and treatment-related attributes.
Anterior Atlantooccipital Transarticular Screw Fixation
Authors: Ji Wei , Xu Xiaolin , Liu Qi , Lin Junyu , Huang Zucheng , Chen Jianting , Zhu Qingan 
Published: April 2019

Study Design.
Retrospective analysis of collected data and operative experiment on human cadavers.

Objective.
To describe a novel technique of the anterior atlantooccipital (AC) transarticular screw fixation, and to analyze the pertinent anatomy with cadaveric and radiographic assessment of the feasibility, safety, and general applicability of this technique.

Summary of Background Data.
In some situations, the posterior AC fixation techniques may not be possible, or may require supplemental fixation, which include the congenital hypoplasia, absence of the bony elements, and even revision surgery. However, an anterior screw fixation technique may add stability to further attempts at obtaining an arthrodesis.

Methods.
A detailed description of the surgical technique was presented. Three-dimensional (3D) CT reconstruction of the cranioverteral region of 30 patients were performed to determine screw entry points, target points, and proposed screw trajectories. Following screw insertion in eight fresh frozen human cadaver spine specimens, dissection verified screw location relative to structures at risk.

Results.
The ideal entry point is located caudal to the C1 superior facet joint in line with the medial third of the C1 superior facet. The ideal screw is directed 41.7° posteriorly in the sagittal plane and 11.6° laterally in the coronal plane with a length around 30.4 mm. The feasibility of anterior AC screw fixation was 92% (35/38 cases). There is a risk of injury to the vertebral artery and the hypoglossal nerve.

Conclusion.
Anterior AC transarticular screw fixation is feasible and can be considered as a salvage technique or an alternative for the posterior AC fixation, as well as the supplement to the anterior occipitocervical fixation.

Level of Evidence: 3
Mycosis Fungoides Associated With Lesions in the Spectrum of Primary Cutaneous CD30+ Lymphoproliferative Disorders: The Same Process or 3 Coexisting Lymphomas?
Authors: Cieza-Díaz Deysy E. , Prieto-Torres Lucía , Rodríguez-Pinilla Socorro M. , Córdoba Mascuñano Raúl , Manso Alonso Rebeca , Machan Salma , Piris Pinilla Miguel Ángel , Requena Caballero Luis 
Published: April 2019

Abstract:
Mycosis fungoides (MF) is the most common type of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, primary cutaneous CD30+ lymphoproliferative disorders (pc CD30+ LPD) being the second most prevalent. There is evidence that MF and pc CD30+ LPD may coexist and share T-cell clonality, suggesting a common origin. These findings were supported by a T-cell receptor clonality assessment by the polymerase chain reaction coupled with capillary electrophoresis, although results produced by this method may be ambiguous. We describe an otherwise healthy 46-year-old man who developed, over the course of 5 months, a tumor consisting of primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma and, subsequently, several papules of lymphomatoid papulosis (LyP). Both lymphomas appeared on a single patch of MF, which had been present on the patient's right buttock for at least 2 years. T-cell receptor clonality of the 3 types of neoplastic lesions and apparently non-involved skin were assessed by a next-generation sequencing-based method. We found that MF, primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma and LyP harbored the same top 2 clones. Non-involved skin harbored other T-cell clones. In this patient, these findings suggest that MF, LyP and pc CD30+ LPD were different clinicopathological manifestations arising from the neoplastic proliferation of the same T-cell clone.
The Effect of Infection Control Course on Nursing Students' Knowledge of and Compliance With Universal Precautions
Authors: Tawalbeh Loai Issa , AL-Rawajfah Omar M. , Habiballah Laila 
Published: April 2019

Background
Knowledge of and compliance with universal isolation precautions are important issues and were found to be low in many previous studies. However, there were no Jordanian studies that have examined the effect of an infection control teaching course on nursing students' knowledge of and compliance with universal precautions.

Purpose
This study aimed to assess knowledge and compliance levels, assess the relationships between knowledge and compliance, and examine the effect of infection control teaching courses on knowledge of and compliance with universal precautions among university nursing students.

Methods
A quasi-experimental pretest/posttest design using a convenient sample of 130 third-year nursing students was applied. The experimental group (n = 60) were third-year nursing students who registered for infection control clinical course for 3 months. On the other side, the control group (n = 70) were students at the same academic level but did not register for the course and never attended the course.

Results
The mean knowledge of and compliance with universal precaution were quite low, with a mean (SD) of 7.82 (1.98) and 49.36 (11.13) respectively. There was a statistically significant weak positive correlation between knowledge of and compliance with standard precaution (r = 0.28, P = .003). An independent t test indicated a significant effect of the infection control clinical course (t119 = −5.36, P = .01) on knowledge mean score (mean [SD], 15.51 [1.41]) and compliance with universal precaution mean score (mean [SD], 89.00 [10.17]; t119 = 6.26, P = .02) compared to the control group. Paired t test revealed that knowledge and compliance were significantly higher in the posttest than in the pretest in the experimental group compared with the control group.

Conclusion
Knowledge of and compliance with universal precautions were relatively low among nursing students. The application of an infection control teaching course helps improve both knowledge of and compliance with universal precautions among university nursing students.
Diagnosis and Treatment of Rectal Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors
Authors: Kane William James , Friel Charles M 
Published: April 2019

Case Summary:
A 69-year-old man presented with a rectal mass that was noted on physical examination. Flexible sigmoidoscopy confirmed the presence of a well-defined mass 3 cm from the anal verge (Fig. 1). Magnetic resonance imaging of the pelvis identified a 5.8-cm heterogeneous mass with intersphincteric extension. Positron emission tomography-computed tomography revealed no evidence of distant metastatic disease. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) with fine-needle aspiration revealed a noncircumferential submucosal hypoechoic mass (Fig. 2) with pathology significant for spindle cells staining positive for CD117, consistent with a GI stromal tumor (GIST). The patient received 5 months of neoadjuvant imatinib with great response (Fig. 3) and subsequently underwent transanal endoscopic microsurgical resection. He continues on adjuvant imatinib and is currently without signs of recurrence at 18 months postprocedure; he is undergoing restaging CT chest/abdomen/pelvis and surveillance flexible sigmoidoscopy every 6 months.
A retrospective analysis of factors associated with difficult endotracheal tube passage with use of the hyper-angled GlideScope blade
Authors: Schechtman Samuel A. , Mathis Michael , Muller Geoffrey , Thompson Aleda , Shanks Amy , Stam Benjamin , Hart William K. , Tremper Kevin K. , Healy David W. 
Published: April 2019

Introduction:
Videolaryngoscopy is a valuable tool for tracheal intubation. Some videolaryngoscopes such as the GlideScope, use a hyper-angled blade to improve the glottic view. Despite improved visualization, difficulty during GlideScope laryngoscopy may occur during manipulation of the endotracheal tube (ETT). This investigation seeks to identify characteristics and procedural factors associated with difficult or failed ETT passage.

Methods:
A single institution retrospective cohort analysis was performed for adult GlideScope intubations utilizing a hyper-angled blade. Tube passage was recorded as easy (T1), difficult (T2), or failed (T3). The primary outcome was difficult or failed ETT passage. A nonparsimonious logistic regression model was developed to determine independent predictors of this outcome, with an exploratory analysis conducted by bootstrapping the data across 1000 samples. Subgroup analysis was performed for head and neck surgical cases.

Results:
A total of 6109 patients met inclusion criteria. In all, 5412 (88.6%) had easy ETT passage, 666 (10.9%) difficult, and 31 (0.5%) failed. Limited view (grades 2a, 2b, 3, and 4) and short thyromental distance (<6 cm) were independent predictors of difficulty or failure. The absence of teeth and use of standard oral ETT sizes 6–8 were negative predictors (protective) for difficulty or failure. In the subgroup analysis, use of laser-safe ETTs also independently predicted difficulty or failure.

Conclusions:
A relatively high incidence of difficulty during tracheal tube passage using GlideScope hyper-angled blades was observed. Limited videolaryngoscopic view, short thyromental distance, and use of nonstandard ETTs were independent predictors of procedural difficulty.
INVOLUTION OF NEOVASCULAR AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION AFTER ENDOPHTHALMITIS
Authors: Kokame Gregg T. , Yannuzzi Nicolas A. , Shantha Jessica G. , Yamane Maya , Relhan Nidhi , Gross Jeffrey , Ryan Edwin H. , Flynn Harry W. 
Published: April 2019

Purpose:
To report patients who demonstrated an alteration in the clinical and optical coherence tomography features of neovascular age-related macular degeneration after resolution of endophthalmitis.

Methods:
Retrospective case series of the subsequent changes in the macula and need for anti–vascular endothelial growth factor therapy in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration who developed endophthalmitis after intravitreal injection.

Results:
The study included seven eyes of seven patients with follow-up ranging between 3 months and 11 years. The vitreous cultures (n = 7) before intravitreal antibiotic injection were the following: culture-negative (4) and coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (3). Initial treatment included vitreous tap and injection (4) and pars plana vitrectomy (3). In 5/7 eyes, the optical coherence tomography showed resolution of subretinal fluid and serous pigment epithelial detachment, and there was no additional anti–vascular endothelial growth factor treatment administered.

Conclusion:
After successful treatment of endophthalmitis in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration, there was relative involution of the maculopathy and reduced anti–vascular endothelial growth factor treatment burden in this series.
Relationship Between the Degree of Iris Pigmentation and Corneal Sensitivity to a Cooling Stimulus
Authors: Ntola Anna M. , Nosch Daniela S. , Joos Roland E. , Murphy Paul J. 
Published: April 2019

Purpose:
To explore the relationship between the degree of iris pigmentation and corneal sensitivity threshold (CST) on a variety of different ethnicities, using the air-jet noncontact corneal aesthesiometer and by applying a consistent method of subject iris pigmentation classification.

Methods:
A total of 200 subjects (mean age 23.7 ± 3.1 years, 127 women) participated in this clinical cross-sectional study: 100 whites, 40 Asians, 40 Chinese, and 20 Afro-Caribbeans. CST was assessed within the central cornea using a noncontact corneal aesthesiometer, and the degree of iris pigmentation of each subject was noted according to the Seddon method using a set of graded photographs of iris pigmentation (grades 1–5). Inclusion criteria were absence of ocular disease including dry eye, no contact lens wear, and no use of artificial tears. Statistical testing between ethnicities was made by the pairwise t test with Holm adjustment, and a linear model was set up to analyze the effects of ethnicity and iris grade.

Results:
A moderate trend for increasing CST with increasing iris pigmentation grade for all ethnicities was observed (R = 0.46; P < 0.0001), with CST changing from 0.66 ± 0.16 mbars for grade 1, 0.74 ± 0.18 mbars for grade 2, 0.86 ± 0.31 mbars for grade 3, 0.85 ± 0.32 mbars for grade 4, and 1.08 ± 0.40 mbars for grade 5. This correlation was stronger within the white group, representing the only ethnicity with all iris pigmentation grades (R = 0.50; P < 0.0001).

Conclusions:
There is a moderate relationship between corneal sensitivity and the degree of iris pigmentation, with sensitivity increasing as iris pigmentation decreases. This relationship is stronger within whites.