bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The potential mechanisms underlying the effect of acute alcohol use on duration perception
Authors: Liu Yunpeng , Lu Minghui , Yin Huazhan , Yang Chun , Wu Dehua 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAcute alcohol consumption has been found to cause duration perception distortions, but the directions of these distortions are not consistent. The mechanisms underlying this effect are also unclear. The present study seeks to elucidate the effect of acute alcohol consumption on duration perception and the mechanisms involved. Forty‐one participants in the placebo group and 40 in the alcohol group completed time bisection tasks, attentional network tests, digit span backward tests and arousal reports to evaluate their duration perception, attentional network, working memory capacity and arousal. The results showed that the alcohol group overestimated duration compared to the placebo group. The alcohol group also showed increased arousal, impaired executive control of attention and reduced working memory capacity. Arousal mediated the effect of acute alcohol consumption on duration perception, whilst working memory capacity masked this effect. The findings are discussed based on the Scalar Timing Model and the Cognitive Resource Allocation Model.
Gastric ultrasound performance time and difficulty: a prospective observational study
Authors: Filipovic Mark G. , Baettig Sascha J. , Hebeisen Monika , Meierhans Roman , Ganter Michael T. 
Published: November 2024

SummaryIntroductionPoint‐of‐care gastric ultrasound is an emerging tool in peri‐operative practice. However, data on the technical challenges of gastric ultrasound, which are essential for optimised training, remain scarce. We analysed gastric ultrasound examinations performed after basic training to identify factors associated with difficulty.MethodsThis was an analysis of data from a prospective observational study evaluating the potential impact of routine pre‐operative gastric ultrasound on peri‐operative management in adult patients undergoing elective or emergency surgery at a single centre. Before initiation, physicians received extensive structured training with at least 30 supervised gastric sonograms before independent practice. We then used regression models to identify factors associated with deviation from a predefined sonography algorithm, performance time and scan difficulty.ResultsSeventy‐three trained physicians performed 2003 ultrasound scans. Median (IQR [range]) performance time was 5 (4–6 [1–20]) min, which was achieved after 20–27 scans following structured training. Patient characteristics associated with more difficult and longer duration scans were: increase in BMI per 5 kg.m‐2 (odds ratio (95%CI) 1.57 (1.35–1.83), p < 0.001 for difficulty and percentage change coefficient (95%CI) 1.03 (1.02–1.05), p < 0.001 for duration); and male sex (odds ratio (95%CI) 3.31 (2.28–4.88), p < 0.001 for difficulty and percentage change coefficient (95%CI) 1.08 (1.04–1.12), p < 0.001, for duration). Trauma surgery (odds ratio (95%CI) 3.26 (1.88–5.68), p < 0.001), ASA physical status of 3 or 4 (odds ratio (95%CI) 1.86 (1.21–2.88), p = 0.0049) and emergency surgery (odds ratio (95%CI) 1.86 (1.20–2.89), p = 0.006) were associated with deviation from the predefined sonography algorithm.DiscussionApproximately 50 scans are required to achieve a baseline performance of 5 min per gastric ultrasound. Future training programmes should focus on patients with obesity, male sex, higher ASA physical status and trauma.
Association Between Different Insulin Resistance Indices and Heart Failure in US Adults With Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Chen Lirong , Qian Lin , Liu Yongming 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTPurposeThis study aims to scrutinize the association between various Insulin Resistance (IR) indices and heart failure (HF) risk in adult diabetics within the United States.MethodsThe National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) (2005–2018) dataset was used in this study. Weighted logistic regression analysis and restricted cubic spline were employed to ascertain the correlation between IR indices and the incidence of HF in diabetic patients. The predictive capability of the IR indices was evaluated using the Receiver Operating Characteristic curve.ResultsThis study included a total of 2574 diabetic patients, out of which 209 (8.1%) were diagnosed with HF. After the adjustment of potential confounders, TyG‐BMI (OR: 1.005, 95% CI: 1.002–1.009), TG/HDL‐C (OR: 1.138, 95% CI: 1.024–1.265), and METS‐IR index (OR: 1.035, 95% CI: 1.015–1.057) were significantly associated with HF risk. RCS curves revealed nonlinear dose–response relationship between TyG, TyG‐BMI, TG/HDL‐C, and the occurrence of HF in diabetic patients. Subgroup analyses showed that four IR indices were positively associated with the risk of HF in the elderly diabetic population. Unfortunately, all IR indices failed to improve the predictive performance of the underlying risk model for HF in diabetic patients.ConclusionFour IR markers may be important predictors of HF risk in diabetics.
Daily relationship satisfaction and markers of health: Findings from a smartphone‐based assessment
Authors: Karakose Selin , Luchetti Martina , Ledermann Thomas , Stephan Yannick , Terracciano Antonio , Sutin Angelina R. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractRelationship satisfaction is associated consistently with better physical and mental health. Less is known about these associations in daily life, particularly the association between relationship satisfaction and cognitive health. This study examined the daily, within‐person association between relationship satisfaction and subjective health markers, including cognitive health. Participants from the United States (N = 303; Mage = 51.71, SD = 7.32) in the Couples Healthy Aging Project (CHAP) completed assessments of relationship satisfaction and health markers every night for eight days. Multilevel modeling was performed by accounting for personal (sex, age, race, education), relational (relationship duration), and contextual (day in the study, weekend day) factors. Within‐person, on days when participants were more satisfied with their relationship, they felt healthier, younger, more satisfied with their life, and more purposeful. They also reported a sharper mind, better memory, and clearer thinking; relationship satisfaction was unrelated to whether participants were bothered and disrupted by forgetting. Results indicated that a satisfying romantic relationship is closely associated with better physical, psychological, and cognitive health markers in daily life.
Effects of extensive grazing and mowing compared to abandonment on the biodiversity of European grasslands: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Schneider Andrea R. , Hering Daniel 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveExtensively managed grasslands play a crucial role in sustaining biodiversity by providing habitats for a wide range of plant and animal species. The most common management is either grazing or mowing, or grasslands are abandoned. The differential effects of these management or abandoning schemes on biodiversity patterns of extensively managed grasslands have not yet been systematically evaluated with a large number of available case studies. We aimed to identify by a meta‐analysis the best option for biodiversity in extensively managed grassland in Europe.Materials and MethodsScopus and Web of Science were systematically searched for publications that appeared before 31 January 2024 and that reported the effects of management schemes on biodiversity patterns of extensively managed grassland. Out of 971 original records, 54 full‐text articles were included in the final analysis. We extracted values for mean, SD and sample size of species numbers and calculated Hedge's g to rate treatment effects.ResultsExtensive management (grazing, mowing) increased species number compared to abandonment (effect size: Hedge's g = 1.30). For plant diversity, extensive management had a strong positive effect (g = 1.78), while the effect of grazing and mowing was minor for animal biodiversity (g = 0.03). The results were recognizably influenced by the investigated plot sizes. Small plots (<10 m2) showed a much stronger effect (g = 2.19) than larger plots (g = 0.56). The type of extensive management, grazing or mowing, had no influence on the results.ConclusionIn line with results on grasslands in general, our results underline that biodiversity of extensively managed grasslands benefits from extensive grazing or mowing. Although abandonment had a negligible effect on animal species richness, the effect on vegetation was strong. The low effect of abandonment on the fauna can be explained by the relatively short duration of the studies. The characteristics of grassland were still present, and it had not turned into forest. Extensive grazing or mowing are therefore the best options for grassland managed for conservation purposes.
Loneliness as lack of solidarity: The case of Palestinians standing alone
Authors: Lederman Zohar , Kayali Browne Tamara , Kayali Liyana , Lederman Shumel , Orr Zvika 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis paper explores the notion of loneliness as lack of solidarity in relations to Palestinians living in the Occupied Palestinian Territory, Israel, and the diaspora. Loneliness as lack of solidarity is defined as lacking someone to identify with and/or lacking someone who is willing to assist while carrying a burden. We describe the mechanism of lack of identification using the concept of epistemic injustice. The paper suggests that art may serve as a way to mitigate this kind of loneliness, and focus on the Freedom Theater, which was operating in Jenin Refugee Camp until recently.
Contraceptive digital pills and sexual and reproductive healthcare of women with mental disabilities: Problem or solution?
Authors: Triviño Rosana , Martínez‐López María Victoria 
Published: November 2024

AbstractFor years, the sexual and reproductive health of women with intellectual and developmental disability or disabilities has been insufficiently addressed by institutions and family members due to a lack of information, training, and, sometimes, religious issues. In this context, contraceptive digital pills can enhance the sexual and reproductive control of this population group. Digital pills could help to improve adherence to treatments aimed to prevent unwanted pregnancies, as well as allowing women and their caregivers to exert better drug intake control. However, there are some ethical risks to consider that may outweigh these benefits. This study sets out to explore the ethical considerations that should be taken into account in the case of a potential roll‐out of contraceptive digital pills as a way of improving the sexual and reproductive health of these women.
Determinants of child body weight categorization in parents and health care professionals: An experimental study
Authors: Evans Elizabeth H. , Ridley Bethany J. , Cornelissen Piers L. , Kramer Robin S. S. , Araújo‐Soares Vera , Tovée Martin J. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractObjectivesParents infrequently recognize childhood overweight/obesity and healthcare professionals (HCPs) also struggle to visually identify it, potentially limiting the offer and uptake of weight management support. This study examined perceptual and attitudinal/cognitive determinants of child weight judgements amongst parents and HCPs to identify targets for intervention.DesignWe used a mixed experimental design with parents and HCPs as the between‐participants factor. Stimulus gender, age and BMI centile were the within‐participant repeated measures factors.MethodsOne hundred and fifty‐six HCPs and 249 parents of children aged 4–5 or 10–11 years viewed simulated child images. They estimated their relative size and categorized the weight status of each figure. Stimuli were photo‐realistic figural scales based on 3D‐scans of 4‐ to 5‐ and 10‐ to 11‐year‐old children varying in adiposity. Participants also reported their beliefs about causes, controllability and categorization of child weight.ResultsBoth groups accurately estimated the figures' relative size. However, categorization of higher weight figures was poor, demonstrating a mismatch between perceptual judgements of size and categorization of weight status. Lower levels of comfort with assigning ‘overweight’ categorizations to children, and a stronger belief that weight was controllable by the child/parent, predicted less accurate weight status categorizations.ConclusionsParental and HCP misperceptions when categorizing children's higher weight are related to attitudinal/cognitive factors, including reluctance to label a child's weight status as overweight and beliefs about whether a child's weight can be controlled by them or their family.
Novel Fused Pyrimidines as Potent Cyclin‐Dependent Kinases Inhibitor for Gastric Adenocarcinoma: Combined In Vitro, In Silico Anticancer Studies
Authors: Saravanakumar Natarajan , Poorani Arunagiri Sivanesan Aruna , Dhanabalan Anantha Krishnan , Sugapriya Selvam , Kumaresan Ganesan , Suresh Palaniswamy 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTOur research aims to design novel pyrimidine derivatives inspired by the common pyrimidine core found in many FDA‐approved drugs. However, extensive prior research on the pyrimidine scaffold has made discovering new molecules more challenging. To overcome this obstacle, we employed a molecular hybridisation strategy, opting to hybridise tetralin and pyrimidine, recognising their potential in cancer therapeutics. The fused pyrimidine was synthesised through a base‐mediated condensation of chalcone with amidine. The reaction conditions were further optimised for base, solvent, temperature and time to produce a series of 21 novel derivatives. These compounds were subsequently screened for anticancer activity against gastric adenocarcinoma cell lines using the MTT assay. Among the synthesised compounds, 2‐(pyridin‐3‐yl)‐4‐(pyridin‐3‐yl)‐5,6‐dihydrobenzo[h]quinazoline 8b and 4‐(2‐(pyridin‐3‐yl)‐5,6 dihydrobenzo[h]quinazolin‐4‐yl) phenol 5g exhibited potent anticancer activity compared to (R)‐Roscovitine. Additionally, a molecular docking study was conducted to assess the reactivity of compound 5g, revealing that the presence of a phenolic hydroxyl group enables hydrogen bonding with CDKs and enhances anticancer activity. Furthermore, the efficacy of compound 5g was validated through an in vitro CDK2/cyclin A2 enzyme inhibition assay. Interestingly, the observed CDK2 inhibitory activity showed a good correlation with the corresponding value for the antiproliferative activity of the tested compounds.
Semisynthetic p‐Coumaric Acid Derivatives as Lead Dual Inhibitors Against DPP‐IV and GSK‐3β for Antidiabetic Therapy
Authors: de Paula Heberth , Bolsoni Camilla Santos , de Souza Fernanda Fernandes , Fonseca Victor Da Rocha , Romão Wanderson , de Sairre Mirela Ines , Honorio Kathia Maria , Lacerda Valdemar , Morais Pedro Alves Bezerra 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTType 2 diabetes mellitus is a dramatically increasing global public health challenge. The prevalence is projected almost double, from 194 million in 2003 to 333 million in 2025 with type 2 diabetes mellitus representing approximately 90%–95% of cases. Dual inhibitors for antidiabetic targets is still novel and promising strategy for discovery of more effective therapies. Ester and triazole derivatives of p‐coumaric acid were obtained from Williamson synthesis and Microwave‐assisted click reaction, respectively. Chemical structures were finely characterized through IR, 1H, and 13C NMR and HRMS. They were tested for their dual inhibitory activity against GSK‐3β kinase and DPP‐IV. The complexes resulting from docking were used for all‐atom molecular dynamics simulations, including the enzymes in the apo form, using the GROMACS 2022.3. Two inhibitors 2 and 5 demonstrated promising inhibition at low and submicromolar against both proteins. Molecular Dynamic simulations revealed that the binding pattern of the control inhibitors were reproduced by p‐coumaric acid derivatives 2 and 5 with crucial interactions involving the same residues. The p‐coumaric skeleton can be considered as a promising core for GSK‐3β kinase and DPP‐IV dual inhibitors.
A timespace of zero‐COVID in Southwest China: Building community, governing time
Authors: Zhao Xuyi 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn this article, I take the organization of universal COVID testing as a point of departure for understanding the lived experiences of China's zero‐COVID policy and look at “the Community” (shequ) as a dynamic interface between the state and urban residents during the liminal time of a global pandemic. Drawing on Bryant and Knight's notion of “vernacular timespace” (2019), I analyze the timespace of zero‐COVID as a state‐regulated future orientation interwoven with collective anticipation of crisis, bureaucratic temporal governance, and contestations over time as a form of agency in everyday life. Instead of assuming a unitary form of present‐future relationship that was homogeneous and unchallenged, I argue that the collective anticipation of a public health crisis was constantly shaped, managed, and contested throughout the processes of pandemic community building. This research hopes to enrich reflections on the interplays of time, power, and legitimacy in post‐pandemic urban governance.
How Do We Identify Anthropogenic Allee Effects in the Wildlife Trade?
Authors: Almeida Ryan J. , Hyde Mary Cate , Lockwood Julie L. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe harvest and sale of wildlife can drive species to extinction when consumers are willing to pay high prices for the last harvested individuals of a very rare species, a phenomenon known as the anthropogenic Allee effect (AAE). Because demand for rarity is an inherent human desire, the AAE has the potential to affect a wide range of exploited species across several geographic regions. Here, we assess the current extent of empirical evidence for the AAE, how such evidence has been measured, and how this evidence interfaces with existing models of the AAE. We find substantial gaps in the empirical evidence base for the AAE and suggest that this deficit prevents assessment of the AAE in species extinctions. We provide a framework for generating empirical evidence that can identify when the AAE is likely occurring or has the potential to occur in the future, and recommend directions for both empirical and theoretical modeling research designed to strengthen our ability to forecast the ecological and market conditions that result in an AAE.
Are local species prioritization lists sufficient for protecting endangered plants? Israeli red list as a test case
Authors: Lebel Vine Merav , Walczak Margareta , Lebel Vine Gal , Fragman‐Sapir Ori , Leschner Hagar , Ur Yair , Ron Mimi , Ben‐Natan Dar , Shemesh Bar , Singer Alon , Sapir Yuval 
Published: November 2024

AbstractConserving species from extinction requires risk assessment and ranking for conservation priorities. The IUCN criteria of extinction risk are currently accepted globally, but only a small fraction of species were evaluated. When assessing species' extinction risk, sufficient information, in particular rate of population decline, is often partial or missing. Here we utilized the red list of Israeli endangered plant species, which prioritizes them for conservation, and evaluated their local extinction risk using IUCN criteria for local assessment. We found a relatively high similarity between the Israeli red number value and the IUCN assessments. Most pronouncedly, the habitat vulnerability index, used in the Israeli method, is correlated with the IUCN parameter of extinction rate in the last decade. We conclude that in the case of Israel, prioritization ranking of endangered species based on locally available information is a powerful tool for conservation even when some species information is lacking, facilitating local decision‐making. This finding may apply also to other countries using a local assessment system.
Characteristics of animal movement and environmental data for dynamic ocean management: Insights and guidance
Authors: McDonnell Laura H. , Hazen Elliott L. , Mach Katharine J. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractDynamic ocean management (DOM) is a critical approach for protecting highly migratory species amid environmental variability and change. We conducted an adapted systematic review to assess how animal movement and environmental data are used in DOM applications, identifying key data traits, barriers, and research priorities. Animal tag data inform initial assessments of species distributions, development of habitat models, near real‐time model inputs, and iterative model evaluation for dynamic management. In documented examples, effective translation of scientific insights into dynamic management products has resulted from early communication between researchers and stakeholders, integration of environmental and fisheries‐dependent data into advanced habitat modeling approaches, and reformatting of outputs for interdisciplinary needs. However, challenges persist around data gaps, science‐policy translation, and technical capacity limitations. Our findings highlight the importance of intentional, collaborative data collection, translation, and sharing to enable dynamic, climate‐resilient management of migratory species. We demonstrate DOM's adaptability and provide guidance for researchers and practitioners to contribute and use impactful data that informs responsive management decision‐making.
Accumulation of endogenous Muse cells in the myocardium and its pathophysiological role in patients with fulminant myocarditis
Authors: Toyoda Shigeru , Sakuma Masashi , Ishida Kazuyuki , Kushida Yoshihiro , Soma Ryoichi , Takayama Hidehito , Akimoto Kazumi , Dezawa Mari , Inoue Teruo 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMulti‐lineage differentiating stress‐enduring (Muse) cells, identified as pluripotent surface marker SSEA‐3(+) cells, are stress tolerant endogenous pluripotent‐like stem cells, and are involved in tissue repair. However, the significance of Muse cells in acute myocarditis has not been evaluated. In the present study, we counted Muse cells/area in biopsied myocardial tissue samples from 17 patients with fulminant myocarditis, and 6 with non‐inflammatory myocardial disease as controls. Compared with controls, patients with fulminant myocarditis had significantly more Muse cells (p = 0.00042). Patients with mechanical circulatory support (p = 0.006) and myocardial degeneration (p = 0.023) had significantly more Muse cells than those without them. The Muse cell number was correlated with acute phase CK‐MB level (ρ = 0.547, p = 0.029), indicating the severity of myocardial injury, and was also correlated with acute/recovery phase ratio of CK‐MB (ρ = 0.585, p = 0.023) and cardiac troponin I (ρ = 0.498, p = 0.047) levels, indicating resilience of myocardial injury. In fulminant myocarditis, the Muse cell number was associated with the severity of clinical features in the acute phase, and also with the recovery from myocardial damage in the chronic phase. Endogenous Muse cells might be mobilized and accumulate to the myocardial tissues in fulminant myocarditis, and might participate in the repair of injured myocardium.