bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Magnetohydrodynamic flow of molybdenum disulfide nanofluid in a channel with shape effects
Authors: Raza Jawad , Mebarek-Oudina Fateh , Chamkha A.J. 
Published: May 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the combined effects of thermal radiation and magnetic field of molybdenum disulfide nanofluid in a channel with changing walls. Water is considered as a Newtonian fluid and treated as a base fluid and MoS2 as nanoparticles with different shapes (spherical, cylindrical and laminar). The main structures of partial differential equations are taken in the form of continuity, momentum and energy equations.

Design/methodology/approach
The governing partial differential equations are converted into a set of nonlinear ordinary differential equations by applying a suitable similarity transformation and then solved numerically via a three-stage Lobatto III-A formula.

Findings
All obtained unknown functions are discussed in detail after plotting the numerical results against different arising physical parameters. The validations of numerical results have been taken into account with other works reported in literature and are found to be in an excellent agreement. The study reveals that the Nusselt number increases by increasing the solid volume fraction for different shapes of nanoparticles, and an increase in the values of wall expansion ratio α increases the velocity profile f′(η) from lower wall to the center of the channel and decreases afterwards.

Originality/value
In this paper, a numerical method was utilized to investigate the influence of molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) nanoparticles shapes on MHD flow of nanofluid in a channel. The validity of the literature review cited above ensures that the current study has never been reported before and it is quite new; therefore, in case of validity of the results, a three-stage Lobattoo III-A formula is implemented in Matlab 15 by built in routine “bvp4c,” and it is found to be in an excellent agreement with the literature published before.
A study of prominence for disposition effect: a systematic review
Authors: Zahera Syed Aliya , Bansal Rohit 
Published: May 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to study the disposition effect that is exhibited by the investors through the review of research articles in the area of behavioral finance. When the investors are hesitant to realize the losses and quick to realize the gains, this phenomenon is known as the disposition effect. This paper explains various theories, which have been evolved over the years that has explained the phenomenon of disposition effect. It includes the behavior of individual investors, institutional investors and mutual fund managers.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors have used the existing literatures from the various authors, who have studied the disposition effect in either real market or the experimental market. This paper includes literature over a period of 40 years, that is, Dyl, 1977, in the form of tax loss selling, to the most recent paper, Surya et al. (2017). Some authors have used the PGR-PLR ratio for calculating the disposition effect in their study. However, some authors have used t-test, ANNOVA, Correlation coefficient, Standard deviation, Regression, etc., as a tool to find the presence of disposition effect.

Findings
The effect of disposition can be changed for different types of individual investors, institutional investors and mutual funds. The individual investors are largely prone to the disposition effect and the demographic variables like age, gender, experience, investor sophistication also impact the occurrence of the disposition effect. On the other side, the institutional investors and mutual funds managers may or may not be affected by the disposition effect.

Practical implications
The skilled understanding of the disposition effect will help the investors, financial institutions and policy-makers to reduce the adverse effect of this bias in the stock market. This paper contributes a detailed explanation of disposition effect and its impacts on the investors. The study of disposition effect has been found to be insufficient in the context of Indian capital market.

Social implications
The investors and society at large can gains insights about causes and influences of disposition effect which will be helpful to create sound investment decisions.

Originality/value
This paper has complied the 11 causes for the occurrence of disposition effect that are found by the different authors. The paper also highlights the impact of the disposition effect in the decision-making of various investors.
Fair premium rate of the deposit insurance system based on banks’ creditworthiness
Authors: Yoshino Naoyuki , Taghizadeh-Hesary Farhad , Nili Farhad 
Published: May 2019

Purpose
Deposit insurance is a key element in modern banking, as it guarantees the financial safety of deposits at depository financial institutions. It is necessary to have at least a dual fair premium rate system based on creditworthiness of financial institutions, as considering singular premium system for all banks will have moral hazard. This paper aims to develop theoretical and empirical model for calculating dual fair premium rates.

Design/methodology/approach
The definition of a fair premium rate in this paper is a rate that covers the operational expenditures of the deposit insuring organization, provides it with sufficient funds to enable it to pay a certain percentage share of deposit amounts to depositors in case of bank default and provides it with sufficient funds as precautionary reserves. To identify and classify healthier and more stable banks, the authors use credit rating methods that use two major dimensional reduction techniques. For forecasting nonperforming loans (NPLs), the authors develop a model that can capture both macro shocks and idiosyncratic shocks to financial institutions in a vector error correction model.

Findings
The response of NPLs/loans to macro shocks and idiosyncratic innovations shows that using a model with macro variables only is insufficient, as it is possible that under favorable economic conditions, some banks show negative performance due to bank level reasons such as mismanagement or vice versa. The final results show that deposit insurance premium rate needs to be vary based on banks’ creditworthiness.

Originality/value
The results provide interesting insight for financial authorities to set fair deposit insurance premium rate. A high premium rate reduces the capital adequacy of individual financial institutions, which endangers the stability of the financial system; a low premium rate will reduce the security of the financial system.
Autonomous mobile robot navigation between static and dynamic obstacles using multiple ANFIS architecture
Authors: Pandey Anish , Kashyap Abhishek Kumar , Parhi Dayal R. , Patle B.K. 
Published: May 2019

PurposeThis paper aims to design and implement the multiple adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (MANFIS) architecture-based sensor-actuator (motor) control technique for mobile robot navigation in different two-dimensional environments with the presence of static and moving obstacles.Design/methodology/approachThe three infrared range sensors have been mounted on the front, left and right side of the robot, which reads the forward, left forward and right forward static and dynamic obstacles in the environment. This sensor data information is fed as inputs into the MANFIS architecture to generate appropriate speed control commands for right and left motors of the robot. In this study, we have taken one assumption for moving obstacle avoidance in different scenarios the speed of the mobile robot is at least greater than or equal to the speed of moving obstacles and goal.FindingsGraphical simulations have designed through MATLAB and virtual robot experimentation platform (V-REP) software and experiments have been done on Arduino MEGA 2560 microcontroller-based mobile robot. Simulation and experimental studies demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed MANFIS architecture.Originality/valueThis paper designs and implements MANFIS architecture for mobile robot navigation between a static and moving obstacle in different simulation and experimental environments. Also, the authors have compared this developed architecture to the other navigational technique and found that our developed architecture provided better results in terms of path length in the same environment.
Crumbs protein homolog 3 (CRB3) expression is associated with oestrogen and progesterone receptor positivity in breast cancer
Authors: Li Pingping , Zhou Can , Yan Yu , Li Juan , Liu Jie , Zhang Yan , Liu Peijun 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe crumbs protein homolog 3 (CRB3) regulates the tight junction to help maintain epithelial polarity. Altered CRB3 expression was associated with carcinogenesis of epithelial cells. This study detected CRB3 expression in 192 cases of breast cancer tissues and in the Molecular Taxonomy of Breast Cancer International Consortium (Metabric) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) datasets for association with triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) phenotypes. The in vitro experiments confirm the ex vivo data. The data showed that levels of both CRB3 mRNA and protein were associated with TNBC phenotypes, ie, 41.1% (39/95) of ER+ breast cancer was CRB3‐positive, whereas 26.9% (25/93) ER– tumour was CRB3‐positive (P = 0.046). Moreover, 47.6% (30/63) of PR+ breast cancer was CRB3‐positive vs 28.4% (33/116) PR‐ tumours positive for CRB3 (P = 0.013). In addition, 40.1% (27/66) of ER+/PR+ tumour was CRB3‐positive, but only 22.4% (19/85) of TNBC showed CRB3 expression (P = 0.048). Indeed, levels of CRB3 mRNA were higher in non‐TNBC than TNBC in both Metabric (P = 3.682e‐10) and TCGA datasets (P = 2.501e‐07). The in vitro data showed that CRB3 expression was higher in luminal (MCF7 and T47D) than in HER2 (MDA‐MB‐453 and SK‐BR‐3) and basal (MDA‐MB‐231 and BT‐549) breast cancer cell lines. More interestingly, ERα regulated expression of CRB3 protein in MCF7 and BT‐549 cells and ERα expression was associated with CRB3 expression in breast cancer tissues specimens. This study demonstrated that ERα could be a novel regulator for CRB3 expression in breast cancer.
Bromination of alkyl quinolones by Microbulbifer sp. HZ11, a marine Gammaproteobacterium, modulates their antibacterial activity
Authors: Ritzmann Niklas H. , Mährlein Almuth , Ernst Simon , Hennecke Ulrich , Drees Steffen L. , Fetzner Susanne 
Published: May 2019

SummaryAlkyl quinolones (AQs) are multifunctional bacterial secondary metabolites generally known for their antibacterial and algicidal properties. Certain representatives are also employed as signalling molecules of Burkholderia strains and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The marine Gammaproteobacterium Microbulbifer sp. HZ11 harbours an AQ biosynthetic gene cluster with unusual topology but does not produce any AQ‐type metabolites under laboratory conditions. In this study, we demonstrate the potential of strain HZ11 for AQ production by analysing intermediates and key enzymes of the pathway. Moreover, we demonstrate that exogenously added AQs such as 2‐heptyl‐1(H)‐quinolin‐4‐one (referred to as HHQ) or 2‐heptyl‐1‐hydroxyquinolin‐4‐one (referred to as HQNO) are brominated by a vanadium‐dependent haloperoxidase (V‐HPOHZ11), which preferably is active towards AQs with C5–C9 alkyl side chains. Bromination was specific for the third position and led to 3‐bromo‐2‐heptyl‐1(H)‐quinolin‐4‐one (BrHHQ) and 3‐bromo‐2‐heptyl‐1‐hydroxyquinolin‐4‐one (BrHQNO), both of which were less toxic for strain HZ11 than the respective parental compounds. In contrast, BrHQNO showed increased antibiotic activity against Staphylococcus aureus and marine isolates. Therefore, bromination of AQs by V‐HPOHZ11 can have divergent consequences, eliciting a detoxifying effect for strain HZ11 while simultaneously enhancing antibiotic activity against other bacteria.
Amphibian skin fungal communities vary across host species and do not correlate with infection by a pathogenic fungus
Authors: Medina Daniel , Hughey Myra C. , Walke Jenifer B. , Becker Matthew H. , Pontarelli Katherine , Sun Shan , Badgley Brian , Belden Lisa K. 
Published: May 2019

SummaryAmphibian population declines caused by the fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) have prompted studies on the bacterial community that resides on amphibian skin. However, studies addressing the fungal portion of these symbiont communities have lagged behind. Using ITS1 amplicon sequencing, we examined the fungal portion of the skin microbiome of temperate and tropical amphibian species currently coexisting with Bd in nature. We assessed cooccurrence patterns between bacterial and fungal OTUs using a subset of samples for which bacterial 16S rRNA gene amplicon data were also available. We determined that fungal communities were dominated by members of the phyla Ascomycota and Basidiomycota, and also by Chytridiomycota in the most aquatic amphibian species. Alpha diversity of the fungal communities differed across host species, and fungal community structure differed across species and regions. However, we did not find a correlation between fungal diversity/community structure and Bd infection, though we did identify significant correlations between Bd and specific OTUs. Moreover, positive bacterial–fungal cooccurrences suggest that positive interactions between these organisms occur in the skin microbiome. Understanding the ecology of amphibian skin fungi, and their interactions with bacteria will complement our knowledge of the factors influencing community assembly and the overall function of these symbiont communities.
Discouraging Rainforest Transformation: An Ex‐ante Policy Impact Analysis
Authors: Sarwosri Arieska Wening , Wegmann Johannes , Mußhoff Oliver 
Published: May 2019

AbstractDespite extensive efforts made by national and international certification agencies, Indonesian smallholder farmers’ participation in palm oil certification schemes adoption remains low. A fundamental obstacle is the smallholder practice of rainforest transformation into oil palm plantation which is forbidden by the agencies. In this context, we investigate three policies that could lead to a reduction in rainforest deforestation by smallholders: price premium on certified palm oil; the provision of environmental information; contributor recognition. In order to evaluate the influence of the policies ex‐ante, we conduct a social dilemma experiment involving rubber and oil palm smallholders in Jambi Province, Sumatra, Indonesia. The findings indicate that the price premium and provision of context‐specific environmental information could reduce rainforest transformation. However, a statistically significant effect of contributor recognition was not found.
Bacterial nanocellulose production from naphthalene
Authors: Marín Patricia , Martirani‐Von Abercron Sophie Marie , Urbina Leire , Pacheco‐Sánchez Daniel , Castañeda‐Cataña Mayra Alejandra , Retegi Aloña , Eceiza Arantxa , Marqués Silvia 
Published: May 2019

SummaryPolycyclic aromatic compounds (PAHs) are toxic compounds that are released in the environment as a consequence of industrial activities. The restoration of PAH‐polluted sites considers the use of bacteria capable of degrading aromatic compounds to carbon dioxide and water. Here we characterize a new Xanthobacteraceae strain, Starkeya sp. strain N1B, previously isolated during enrichment under microaerophilic conditions, which is capable of using naphthalene crystals as the sole carbon source. The strain produced a structured biofilm when grown on naphthalene crystals, which had the shape of a half‐sphere organized over the crystal. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and GC‐MS analysis indicated that the biofilm was essentially made of cellulose, composed of several micron‐long nanofibrils of 60 nm diameter. A cellulosic biofilm was also formed when the cells grew with glucose as the carbon source. Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed that the polymer was type I cellulose in both cases, although the crystallinity of the material greatly depended on the carbon source used for growth. Using genome mining and mutant analysis, we identified the genetic complements required for the transformation of naphthalene into cellulose, which seemed to have been successively acquired through horizontal gene transfer. The capacity to develop the biofilm around the crystal was found to be dispensable for growth when naphthalene was used as the carbon source, suggesting that the function of this structure is more intricate than initially thought. This is the first example of the use of toxic aromatic hydrocarbons as the carbon source for bacterial cellulose production. Application of this capacity would allow the remediation of a PAH into such a value‐added polymer with multiple biotechnological usages.
Does Audit Committee Accounting Expertise Help to Promote Audit Quality? Evidence from Auditor Reporting of Internal Control Weaknesses
Authors: Lisic Ling Lei , Myers Linda A. , Seidel Timothy A. , Zhou Jian 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACTIn this study, we examine whether audit committee accounting expertise helps to promote audit quality by motivating auditors to conduct diligent internal control audits and make appropriate internal control assessments because audit committee accounting expertise safeguards auditors from dismissal following adverse internal control opinions. Among clients with existing and likely internal control material weaknesses (as proxied by future restatements of audited financial statements), we find a greater likelihood of adverse internal control audit opinions when the audit committee has greater accounting expertise (measured by the proportion of accounting experts on the audit committee). Among all clients, we find a lower likelihood of subsequent auditor dismissal following an adverse internal control audit opinion when the audit committee has greater accounting expertise. In further analyses, we find that this lower likelihood of subsequent auditor dismissal occurs when at least two audit committee members possess accounting expertise. We also find some evidence that CFO influence (but not CEO influence) over the audit committee negates the increased likelihood of adverse internal control opinions when internal control material weaknesses likely exist, as well as the decreased likelihood of auditor dismissal following adverse internal control opinions. These findings have important implications for regulators and corporate nominating committees interested in promoting audit committee effectiveness.
Directors' Informational Role in Corporate Voluntary Disclosure: An Analysis of Directors from Related Industries
Authors: Ke Ruihao , Li Meng , Zhang Yuan 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACTBoards of directors play their role in corporate governance by advising and/or monitoring managers. In the corporate disclosure literature, prior research has documented directors' monitoring role, yet empirical evidence on directors' advising role is limited. Since the advising role often entails information transfer, we examine directors who concurrently serve as directors or executives in the firms' related industries (DRIs) and hence possess valuable information about the firms' external operating environment. We hypothesize and find that more DRIs on boards are associated with more accurate management forecasts. This association is stronger when firms face greater uncertainty, and holds in settings where DRIs are unlikely to monitor managers, suggesting a distinct advising role of DRIs. Our study highlights directors' role as information suppliers and advisors who help shape corporate voluntary disclosure.
Professional Directors and Governance Quality
Authors: Wahid Aida Sijamic , Welch Kyle , Maber David A. 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACTWe examine professional directors—board members with no employment outside of serving as independent directors. We find that boards with a higher percentage of professional directors engage in more acquisitions, experience lower acquisition announcement returns, and exhibit lower performance‐turnover sensitivity and lower financial performance. We also examine the returns surrounding the appointment‐announcement dates of professional directors and find that firms experience significantly lower cumulative abnormal returns upon the appointment announcement of professional directors as compared to nonprofessional directors. The negative returns are primarily experienced by firms that face greater agency issues, suggesting that the market does not value professional directors for stricter monitoring. Overall, our findings do not lend support for calls to professionalize corporate boards.
Personality disorders of drivers killed in fatal motor vehicle accidents in Finland during 1990–2011
Authors: Räisänen T. , Hakko H. , Riipinen P. , Räty E. , Kantojärvi L. 
Published: May 2019

ObjectiveTo examine the association of personality disorders (PDs) to deaths of drivers in fatal motor vehicle accidents (FMVAs) and analyze gender differences in lifetime psychiatric disorders and medico‐legal findings at the time of accident.MethodThe study sample consisted of 4810 Finnish drivers killed in FMVAs in Finland between 1990 and 2011. Doctor‐diagnosed PD was found in 146 drivers (118 men and 28 women). The information of psychiatric morbidity was obtained from the Finnish Care Register for Health Care.ResultsThe proportion of deceased drivers with PDs had increased significantly over the study period, particularly among females and those with PD not otherwise specified (NOS). Suicidality and use of medication affecting driving ability were more common among females with PD compared to males with PD. 88% of all deceased drivers with PD had comorbid psychiatric disorders.ConclusionOur findings indicate that PDs may predispose drivers to FMVAs, particularly females. This study emphasizes the importance of evaluating the fitness‐to‐drive of subjects with PD and especially comorbid substance use disorders, which may relate to an increased risk of fatal motor accidents.
Evaluation of a method to estimate the point prevalence of cognitive impairment and delirium in a multi‐campus Australian health service
Authors: Casey Penelope , Dārziņš Pēteris , Webb‐St Mart Melinda , Baldwin Cathryn , Riddell Kath , Johnson Claire , Cross Wendy 
Published: May 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo design, test (pilot) and implement a study to estimate the point prevalence of cognitive impairment (CI) and delirium in a multi‐site health service.MethodsClinicians were trained to use the 4 A's Test (4AT) to screen for cognitive impairment and delirium, and the 3‐minute Diagnostic Interview for the Confusion Assessment Method (3D‐CAM) to detect delirium in those with abnormal 4AT results. Outcomes of interest were as follows: (a) rates of cognitive impairment and delirium and (b) feasibility of the approach measured by participation rate, “direct survey activity” time, cost and surveyor preparation.ResultsThe rates of cognitive impairment and delirium were 43.8% (245/559) and 16.3% (91/559), respectively. 90.5% (563/622) of eligible adult patients from 25 acute and subacute wards were seen. “Direct survey activities” averaged 14 minutes (range 2‐45) and cost $11.48 per patient. Training evaluation indicated additional education in the 4AT and 3D‐CAM was needed.ConclusionHealth services could use this streamlined, inexpensive method to estimate the point prevalence of cognitive impairment and delirium.