bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Performance of historical ferrocement specimens subjected to corrosive environments
Authors: Lenticchia Erica , Sorrentino Gerardo , Ceravolo Rosario , Tondolo Francesco 
Published: October 2024

AbstractFerrocement is a type of thin wall‐reinforced concrete composed of hydraulic cement mortar reinforced with several layers of steel wire mesh. The material is used as a low‐cost construction and retrofit solution and allows the creation of very thin elements. In the past, the material was also used to build some structural engineering masterpieces that currently face preservation challenges. Despite the use of the material, few studies have analyzed its durability with respect to corrosion and its evaluation for preservation purposes. The paper presents the results of a testing campaign on ferrocement replica specimens subjected to a corrosive environment. After an aggressive aging procedure, where the specimens are exposed to chloride ingress, the specimens are tested through a four‐point bending test to compare their performances. Results of the mechanical behavior are compared to the results from the half‐cell potential monitoring carried out during the aging process and optical microscope acquisitions regarding the cross‐sectional corrosion‐loss area in the wires. The aim is to assess the performance of historical ferrocement exposed to degradation due to corrosion; this can be useful in identifying the best procedures to protect and preserve it, as well as in evaluating its performance over time.
Developing cultural awareness competencies in purchasing and supply management education
Authors: Ashraf Muhammad Hasan , Grover Abhay K. , Ogiba Greg , Yalcin Mehmet G. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis paper examines the evolving demands of purchasing and supply management (PSM) education, especially in addressing topics that have gained prominence in global supply chains. One such topic is cultural awareness. However, despite its critical relevance in today's global landscape, the topic is often underrepresented in PSM curricula. This gap is further compounded by the unique learning preferences of Generation‐Z, who are less inclined toward traditional “reading and writing” methods, presenting additional challenges for educators in teaching such complex topics. This underscores the need for innovative teaching strategies that engage students and improve knowledge retention. We propose employing an Entertainment‐Education approach by integrating movies into PSM courses. We describe a specifically tailored activity for a PSM course that includes a movie available on an over‐the‐top platform implemented at two state universities in the United States. The outcomes from both universities offer evidence supporting the development of cultural understanding within the PSM domain among the students. Although numerous studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of movies as educational tools, our research is one of the first within the PSM domain to investigate their potential for cultivating cultural awareness, thereby paving the way for further research into the role of movies in PSM education.
SERPING1 Reduces Cell Migration via ERK‐MMP2‐MMP‐9 Cascade in Sorafenib‐ Resistant Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Hsieh Ching‐Chuan , Wu Yuh‐Harn , Chen Yi‐Li , Wang Chun‐I , Li Chao‐Jen , Liu I‐Hsiu , Chou Chen‐Wei , Lin Yang‐Hsiang , Huang Po‐Shuan , Huang Te‐Chia , Chen Cheng‐Yi 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary hepatic malignant tumor, and it ranks 2nd in terms of mortality rate among all malignancies in Taiwan. Sorafenib is a multiple tyrosine kinase inhibitor that suppresses tumor cell proliferation and angiogenesis around tumors via different pathways. However, the survival outcome of advanced HCC patients treated with sorafenib is still unsatisfactory. Unfortunately, there are no clinically applicable biomarkers to predict sorafenib therapeutic efficiency in HCC thus far. We found that serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade G, member 1 (SERPING1) is highly associated with overall and recurrence‐free survival rates in HCC patients and is also highly correlated with several clinical parameters. SERPING1 expression was increased with sorafenib in both the HCC cell extract and conditioned medium, which was also observed in sorafenib‐resistant HepG2 and Huh7 cells. Sorafenib decreased cell viability and migration, which was similar to the effect of SERPING1 in HCC progression. Moreover, sorafenib inhibited both MMP‐2 and MMP‐9 activity and enhanced the expression of p‐ERK in HCC cells. In summary, sorafenib reduces HCC cancer progression might through the p‐ERK‐MMP‐2‐MMP‐9 cascade via upregulation of SERPING1. In the present study, the roles and molecular mechanisms of SERPING1 and its value as a marker for predicting sorafenib resistance and progression in HCC patients were examined. The results of the present study provide a deep understanding of the roles of SERPING1 in HCC sorafenib resistance, which can be applied to develop early diagnosis and prognosis evaluation methods and establish novel therapeutic targets for specifically treating HCC.
Improving Nutrient Uptake Efficiency in Hydroponic Systems With Phytoremediation of Nitrate‐Nitrogen Contaminated Wastewater
Authors: Rajalakshmi Manimozhi , Gunasekaran Krishnamoorthy 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThis study evaluates the efficacy of a nutrient film technique (NFT) hydroponic system in phytoremediation of nitrate‐nitrogen contaminated wastewater using six plant species: vetiver grass (Chrysopogon zizanioides), golden pothos (Epiprennum aureum), crotons (Codiaeum variegatum), arrowhead plant (Syngonium podophyllum), spinach (Spinacia oleracea), and brinjal (Solanum melongena). This study examines how well different plant species remove nitrate‐nitrogen from wastewater in an NFT hydroponic system. It finds that all plants, but especially money plant and arrowhead plant, successfully lower nitrate levels at influent concentrations of 30 and 90 mg/L. The wastewater had average pH values of 5–6.5, temperature values of 24°C–25°C, electrical conductivity values (EC) of 1.5–2 mS/cm, and total dissolved solids (TDS) between 1062 ± 199.3 and 1400 ± 124.16 mg/L. The system for golden pothos (70.94%–90.3%), crotons (62.5%–83.1%), arrowhead plant (67.25%–90.03%), vetiver grass (45.42%–83.1%), spinach (47.15%–81.71%), and brinjal (59.52%–83.38%) has shown excellent biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) elimination efficiency. These results suggest that nitrate‐nitrogen contaminated wastewater can be effectively cleaned up by NFT hydroponic systems, which employ certain plant species.
Impact Assessment of Ports and Effluent Discharge on Macrobenthic Communities in Indian Coastal Ecosystems: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Purushothaman Atchuthan , Krishnan Anju 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThe burgeoning industrialization and urbanization along the Indian coastline have led to an increased prevalence of port infrastructure and effluent discharge, raising concerns about their potential impact on the delicate macrobenthic communities in coastal ecosystems. This comprehensive review aims to evaluate and synthesize existing literature on the ecological repercussions of port activities and effluent discharge on macrobenthic organisms in Indian coastal regions. The study encompasses a thorough analysis of relevant research articles, government reports, and scientific databases, focusing on diverse ecosystems such as estuaries, mangroves, and open coastlines. The review discusses the various stressors associated with port operations, including dredging, habitat alteration, and chemical contamination from effluent discharge. Furthermore, it explores the response mechanisms of macrobenthic communities, encompassing changes in species composition, abundance, and diversity. Special attention is given to the potential long‐term impacts on ecosystem functioning and services. The synthesis of available data enables the identification of knowledge gaps and the formulation of recommendations for future research and management strategies. Understanding the cumulative effects of port activities on macrobenthic communities is crucial for developing sustainable practices and policies to mitigate adverse impacts while fostering the resilience of coastal ecosystems in the face of anthropogenic pressures. This review contributes to the growing body of knowledge on the ecological consequences of human activities in Indian coastal areas, providing valuable insights for researchers, policymakers, and environmental managers alike.
Multivariate Analysis of Water Quality in the Seybouse River: Implications for Pollution Management
Authors: Samraoui Kenz Raouf , Chelaghmia Mohamed Lyamine , Samraoui Boudjéma 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTHeavy metal contamination in water bodies is a pervasive and persistent environmental challenge in many parts of the world, especially in developing countries. This study investigates the use of multivariate analysis methods for monitoring variations in water quality along a spatial gradient and for the interpretation of pollution levels at different sampling sites. We assessed the water quality of the Seybouse River and identified possible sources of pollution using three complementary multivariate analysis techniques (PCA, NMDS, and K‐means clustering). The results indicate a longitudinal gradient in water quality associated with industrial and agricultural activities in the middle and lower Seybouse River. Physico‐chemical and heavy metal analyses show high water turbidity with elevated concentrations of iron and chromium. We show that the contamination stems from four different sources, which can be categorized into different pollution levels. Our results suggest that complementary multivariate methods are a robust approach to identifying and categorizing significant sources of pollution in rivers, enabling the development of future successful water quality management strategies based on water pollution levels. This study highlights the importance of monitoring water quality and taking effective measures to control and mitigate pollution from various sources to ensure the safety of the environment and human health.
Supersymmetry of the Robinson-Trautman solution
Authors: Nozawa Masato 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The Robinson-Trautman solution in the Einstein-Maxwell-Λ system admits a shear-free and twist-free null geodesic congruence with a nonvanishing expansion. Restricting to the case where the Maxwell field is aligned, i.e., the spacetime is algebraically special, we provide an exhaustive classification of supersymmetric Robinson-Trautman spacetimes in the four-dimensional $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 2 gauged supergravity. The differential constraints that arise from the integrability conditions of the Killing spinor equation enable us to systematically reconstruct the metric. We derive the explicit form of the Killing spinor either by directly integrating the Killing spinor equation or by casting the solution into the canonical form of supersymmetric solutions given in [13]. In any case, the supersymmetric Robinson-Trautman solution generically exhibits a naked singularity.
CP-like symmetry with discrete and continuous groups and CP violation/restoration
Authors: Ohki Hiroshi , Uemura Shohei 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
We study physical implications of general CP symmetry including CP-like symmetry. Various scattering amplitudes of CP asymmetry are calculated in CP-like symmetric models. We explicitly show that the CP-like transformation leads to a specific relation between different CP asymmetries. The resultant relation is similar to the one obtained in GUT baryogenesis and sphaleron processes, where we also obtain a required condition for generating particle number asymmetry in CP-like symmetric models. In addition, we propose a generalization of a CP-like transformation for continuous symmetry groups. Since the CP transformation is an outer automorphism, which depends on the internal symmetry group, it turns out that the physical CP and CP-like symmetries can be mutually converted through the spontaneous symmetry breaking (SSB) of the internal symmetry. We investigate properties of physical CP asymmetry in both CP and CP-like symmetric phases, and find that the spontaneous CP violation and restoration can be observed even in models with continuous groups. We demonstrate that CP-like symmetric models with continuous Lie groups can be naturally realized in physical CP symmetric models through the SSB.
Non-supersymmetric non-tachyonic heterotic vacua with reduced rank in various dimensions
Authors: Angelantonj Carlo , Florakis Ioannis , Leone Giorgio , Perugini Diego 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
We construct rigid non-supersymmetric heterotic vacua with reduced rank and no tachyons in six and four dimensions. These configurations are based on asymmetric orbifold compactifications which do not admit neutral deformation moduli and represent, to the best of our knowledge, the first instances of non-tachyonic non-supersymmetric heterotic vacua with reduced rank.
Implementing verifiable oncological imaging by quality assurance and optimization (i‑Violin)
Authors: Jorg Tobias , Halfmann Moritz C. , Müller Lukas , Stoehr Fabian , Mildenberger Peter , Hierath Monika , Paulo Graciano , Santos Joana , Damilakis John , Kralik Ivana , Brkljacic Boris , Cvetko Danijel , Kuhleji Dimitrij , Bosmans Hilde , Petrov Dimitar , Foley Shane , Toroi Paula , McNulty Jonathan P. , Hoeschen Christoph 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Advanced imaging techniques play a pivotal role in oncology. A large variety of computed tomography (CT) scanners, scan protocols, and acquisition techniques have led to a wide range in image quality and radiation exposure. This study aims at implementing verifiable oncological imaging by quality assurance and optimization (i-Violin) through harmonizing image quality and radiation dose across Europe.

Methods
The 2‑year multicenter implementation study outlined here will focus on CT imaging of lung, stomach, and colorectal cancer and include imaging for four radiological indications: diagnosis, radiation therapy planning, staging, and follow-up. Therefore, 480 anonymized CT data sets of patients will be collected by the associated university hospitals and uploaded to a repository. Radiologists will determine key abdominopelvic structures for image quality assessment by consensus and subsequently adapt a previously developed lung CT tool for the objective evaluation of image quality. The quality metrics will be evaluated for their correlation with perceived image quality and the standardized optimization strategy will be disseminated across Europe.

Results
The results of the outlined study will be used to obtain European reference data, to build teaching programs for the developed tools, and to create a culture of optimization in oncological CT imaging.

Conclusion
The study protocol and rationale for i‑Violin, a European approach for standardization and harmonization of image quality and optimization of CT procedures in oncological imaging, is presented. Future results will be disseminated across all EU member states, and i‑Violin is thus expected to have a sustained impact on CT imaging for cancer patients across Europe.
Fundamental study on dielectric oil viscosity for high-performance wire EDM
Authors: Liu Shixian , Okada Akira , Kitamura Tomohiko 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDielectric oil has been recently used in wire electrical discharge machining (wire EDM) for achieving high-precision machining. However, the influence of dielectric oil properties on wire EDM characteristics has not been clarified sufficiently. This study fundamentally investigated the influence of dielectric oil viscosity on wire EDM characteristics. In this study, three types of dielectric oil differing only in viscosity were prepared and examined. Linear cutting experiment results showed that the removal rate and the machined surface roughness increase with dielectric oil viscosity. Then, the influence of viscosity on crater removal volume was investigated to discuss the cause of the change in removal rate, and it was found that crater removal volume increases with the viscosity. Furthermore, CFD (computational fluid dynamics) analysis results and discharge observation results showed that the debris exclusion becomes worse in higher viscosity oil, and the discharge concentration occurs frequently, resulting in the deterioration in machined surface roughness. Next, the difference in machining accuracy with dielectric oil viscosity was investigated. It was found that the corner shape accuracy deteriorates with the increase of viscosity while the machined surface waviness and straightness improve slightly. Structural analysis results showed that wire deflection increases with viscosity, resulting in the deterioration in corner shape accuracy. On the other hand, high-speed observation of wire vibration was carried out, and it was found that the wire vibration decreases in the case of higher viscosity, which leads to the improvement in machined surface waviness and straightness.
Hebelwerkzeuge als Spurenträger
Authors: Hollenbach David , Schlegel Linda , Cappel-Hoffmann Sabine , Makuch Darius , Schmidt Peter 
Published: October 2024

Zusammenfassung
Werkzeuge als Spurenträger gewinnen zunehmendes Interesse in der forensischen DNA-Analyse. Im Untersuchungsgut des Homburger Instituts ist eine deutliche Zunahme von Hebelspuren zu verzeichnen. Vor diesem Hintergrund verfolgt die vorliegende Studie das Ziel, ein rational begründetes Konzept für die Tatortarbeit zu entwickeln.
Im ersten Teilschritt wurde der DNA-Gehalt entsprechender Spuren systematisch experimentell ermittelt: Zwei Versuchspersonen setzten mit 6 verschiedenen Hebelwerkzeugen (4 Schraubendreher, 2 Nageleisen) an 3 Fenstern verschiedener Materialart (Holz, Aluminium, Kunststoff) in jeweils 24 definierten Arealen Hebelspuren. Fenster und Werkzeuge wurden mit Microbac forte (Hartmann) bzw. DNA Exitus (Applichem) gereinigt. Anschließend wurden an den Werkzeugen 3‑mal täglich, an 3 aufeinanderfolgenden Tagen unter leichtem Druck 10 aufeinanderfolgende Reibbewegungen durchgeführt. Die gefertigten Abriebe wurden standardisiert analysiert (DNA-Extraktion mit EZ1 DNA-Investigator Kit, Investigator Lyse/Spin-Basket Kit, Fa. Qiagen; Quantifizierung mittels Real-Time PCR, Investigator Quantiplex Pro Kit, Fa. Qiagen; Multiplex-PCR mit PowerPlex® ESX 17 Kit, Fa. Promega, und Kapillarelektrophorese mittels 3500 Genetic Analyzer von Applied Biosystems und Gene Mapper ID-X Software). Bei der Untersuchung von 72 Spuren wurde an einer mit einem Schraubendreher an einem Kunststofffenster gesetzten Hebelspur eine DNA in einer Konzentration von 22 pg/µl nachgewiesen und ein homogenes DNA-Profil generiert.
Anschließend wurde in einer retrospektiven Analyse empirisch verifiziert, inwiefern die experimentellen Daten eine Entsprechung in der tatsächlichen ermittlungsseitigen Fallarbeit/Spurensicherung gefunden haben. Hierzu wurden die in einem Dreijahreszeitraum vor der experimentellen Studie untersuchten 90 Hebelspuren bezüglich des Anteils der nachgewiesenen DNA-Profile ausgewertet. Dabei fanden sich 9 auswertbare Mischspuren sowie ein vollständig homogenes Profilmuster, das anhand des Ermittlungsansatzes einem Tatverdächtigen zugeordnet werden konnte. Diese Daten sollten im konkreten Ermittlungsfall bei einer kriminalistischen Abwägung zwischen Aufwand und Nutzen einer Spurenuntersuchung an der eigentlichen Hebelmarke Berücksichtigung finden.
The fuzzy Potts model in the plane: scaling limits and arm exponents
Authors: Köhler-Schindler Laurin , Lehmkuehler Matthis 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
We consider a critical Fortuin–Kasteleyn (FK) percolation with cluster weight

$$q \in [1,4)$$

q
∈
[
1
,
4
)

in the plane, and color its clusters in red (respectively blue) with probability

$$r \in (0,1)$$

r
∈
(
0
,
1
)

(respectively

$$1-r$$

1
-
r

), independently of each other. We study the resulting fuzzy Potts model, which corresponds to the critical Ising model in the special case

$$q=2$$

q
=
2

and

$$r=1/2$$

r
=
1
/
2

. We show that under the assumption that the critical FK percolation converges to a conformally invariant scaling limit (which is known to hold for the FK-Ising model,i.e.

$$q=2$$

q
=
2

), the obtained coloring converges to variants of Conformal Loop Ensembles constructed, described and studied by Miller, Sheffield and Werner. Based on discrete considerations, we also show that the arm exponents for this coloring in the discrete model are identical to the ones of the continuum model. Using the values of these arm exponents in the continuum, we determine the arm exponents for the fuzzy Potts model.
Suitable temperature indicator for adverse health impacts in sub-tropical cities: a case study in Hong Kong from 2010-2019
Authors: Ho Janice Ying-en , Guo Yitong , Chong Ka Chun , Chan Pak Wai , Ho Chun Kit , Law Hiu Fai , Chao Ren , Ng Edward Yan Yung , Lau Kevin 
Published: October 2024

AbstractHeat-health warning systems and services are important preventive actions for extreme heat, however, global evidence differs on which temperature indicator is more informative for heat-health outcomes. We comprehensively assessed temperature predictors on their summer associations with adverse health impacts in a high-density subtropical city. Maximum, mean, and minimum temperatures were examined on their associations with non-cancer mortality and hospital admissions in Hong Kong during summer seasons 2010–2019 using Generalized Additive Models and Distributed Lag Non-linear Models. In summary, mean and minimum temperatures were identified as strong indicators for mortality, with a relative risk(RR) and 95% confidence interval(CI) of 1.037 (1.006–1.069) and 1.055 (1.019–1.092), respectively, at 95th percentile vs. optimal temperature. Additionally, minimum temperatures captured the effects of hospital admissions, RR1.009 (95%CI: 1.000- 1.018). In stratified analyses, significant associations were found for older adults, female sex, and respiratory-related outcomes. For comparison, there was no association between maximum temperature and health outcomes. With climate change and projected increase of night-time warming, the findings from this comprehensive assessment method are useful to strengthen heat prevention strategies and enhance heat-health warning systems. Other locations could refer to this comprehensive method to evaluate their heat risk, especially in highly urbanized environments and subtropical cities.
Menschlich forschen – menschlich handeln
Authors: Beneder Doris , Sternek Katharina 
Published: October 2024

ZusammenfassungDie Zuordnung einzelner Methoden zum humanistischen Cluster erfordert eine Auseinandersetzung über deren (meta-) theoretische Konzeptionen, um ein gemeinsames Verständnis in Hinblick auf gemeinsame Forschung zu entwickeln. Wir stellen die erkenntnistheoretische Position des Kritischen Realismus und das damit verbundene feldtheoretische Modell von Kurt Lewin vor, um das sich daraus ableitende Verständnis für psychotherapeutische Beziehung und Prozess zu veranschaulichen. Als Konsequenz der kritisch-realistischen Sichtweise ist auch ein spezifisches Verständnis von phänomenologisch-experimenteller Forschung ableitbar.