bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Markers of Endogenous Intoxication in Rats with Diabetes Mellitus Combined with Carrageenan-Induced Enterocolitis
Authors: Krynytska Іnna , Marushchak Mariya , Birchenko Inna , Klishch Ivan 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackground and aims: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a significant public health issue, being one of the major contributors to morbidity and mortality in the modern societies. Chronic hyperglycemia produces significant physiological, biochemical, and histological changes in the affected organisms. This study aims to evaluate the markers of endogenous intoxication in rats with diabetes mellitus combined with carrageenan-induced enterocolitis. Materials and methods: Diabetes mellitus was induced by a single intraperitoneal administration of streptozotocin (Sigma Aldrich, USA, at a dose of 60 mg/kg body weight). Carrageenan-induced enterocolitis was modeled by giving the animals free access to 1.0 % solution of carrageenan in drinking water for 1 month. The syndrome of endogenous intoxication was assessed by quantification of low and medium molecular weight substances in blood plasma, red blood cell suspension and urine using extraction-spectrophotometric method. Results: The increase in endogenous intoxication in streptozotocin-induced diabetes combined with chronic enterocolitis can mainly be attributed to the catabolic pool of blood plasma substances of low and medium molecular weight. The index of distribution of low- and medium-molecular-weight substances between blood plasma proteins and glycocalyx of erythrocytes in the experimental groups increased simultaneously with the quantities of investigated fractions in the erythrocyte suspension measured at the wavelengths of 242, 254 and 280 nm. Conclusions: We observed upsurge of endogenous intoxication markers in the rats with diabetes mellitus. Endotoxicosis became even more evident in the rats with diabetes mellitus combined with carrageenan-induced enterocolitis.
ECONOMIC INTERACTIVE SPACE: AN ADAPTATION OF COMMUNITY RESILIENCE MECHANISM IN AN ENCLAVE SETTLEMENT
Authors: Ischak Mohammad , Setioko Bambang , Gandarum Dedes Nur 
Published: April 2019

Abstract The rapid urban growth at the periphery area developed by residential developers impacted on the socio-spatial segregation between new and pre-existing indigenous settlements. One phenomenon is that many indigenous settlements are enclaved in the new settlement area. Changes in landscape and environment around indigeneus settlement are occured as a result of a pressure. It is the main factor for suddened changes in the pattern of livelihood of enclaved settlement inhabitants. This article is intended to explain the findings on how the inhabitants of enclaved settlement respond and survive to these changes and pressures in the spatial context. The study employed descriptive analysis method by observing the characteristics of settlements by focusing on the quality of inhabitants’ life related to the spatial changes and segregations phenomena. The results of the study highlight that the spatial changes and the survival community are a form of adaptation procces to get economic benefit by making changes to their lands or buildings because of the residential development in its sorrounding. These phenomena resulted in the emergence of economic interactive space in the specific spatial arrangement. Keywords: enclaved settlements, economic interactive space, adaptation
The MaaS system and its problems
Authors: Sakulyeva T. N. 
Published: April 2019

Essence of conception «Mobility-as-a-Service» (MaaS) is to place an user in the center of transport services and offer to him the personalized method of movement taking into account individual necessities. MaaS integrates the various methods of movement the different types of transport in single service that is accessible on demand. Service comes true through a single account with monthly payment. One of the main conditions for the successful operation of MaaS is the ability of smartphones to access different modes of transport. For the first time, the MaaS concept was implemented in the Swedish city of Gothenburg, offering excellent public transport conditions and sustainable urban mobility. The aim of a transport politics is support of a transport system that provides the movement of passengers and commodities. MaaS is examined as an increase of comfort of journeys and development of the system of safe and reliable transport. The most famous MaaS system was due to Helsinki, where they were able to offer a convenient and competitive platform. Since public transport is the core of the MaaS system, the city must offer quality public transport services so that users can easily move around the city without having their own car.The following conditions are required for the implementation of the MaaS system: different types of urban public transport; most transport operators open their data, including real-time data, to third parties; most transport operators allow third parties to sell their services; most transport operators support an electronic payment system to access their services. In spite of different business models, successful projects of introduction and positive reviews of users about the pilot schemes of MaaS, there is a row of global questions about further applicability and development of the system, requiring decisions : touching the openness of these ferrymen, users; about the scale of the use of the system MaaS; single user ID, single informative space; payments of passage of the different systems of transport from one application; competitions with existent providers; to the peculiar.
Niveles de metales pesados en los sedimentos superficiales de las zonas de playas turísticas de La Guajira, Norte de Colombia
Authors: Doria Argumedo Carlos 
Published: April 2019

Se determinó la concentración de ocho metales pesados (cromo, cadmio, vanadio, cinc, plomo, níquel, mercurio y cobre) en sedimentos superficiales de seis de sitios de las playas turísticas de La Guajira para conocer los niveles de línea base y contaminación. La concentración se estableció mediante la técnica de espectroscopia de absorción atómica (CVAAS, GFAAS, FLAAS), utilizando un espectrofotómetro ICE 3000 Thermo Electron Corporation con llama aire-acetileno. Las concentraciones de los metales pesados en los sedimentos del área de estudio oscilaron entre los siguientes valores: cromo, 0.086-1.058 mg/kg; cadmio, 0.0098-0.0028 mg/kg; vanadio, 0.046-0.829 mg/kg; cinc, 0.250-0.630 mg/kg; plomo, 0.055-0.124 mg/kg; níquel, 0.080-1.220 mg/kg; mercurio, 0.00015-0.00027 mg/kg, y cobre, 0.030-0.1 mg/kg. Las correlaciones significativas entre los metales sugieren la existencia de fuentes de orígenes similares. La estimación del nivel de contaminación con el índice de geoacumulación indica que no existe contaminación. Las concentraciones de cromo, cinc y níquel se encuentran por debajo de un nivel de contaminación ligera en los sedimentos que puede ser tolerado por la mayoría de las especies bentónicas, aunque no se puede descartar una contribución antropogénica relacionada con el vertimiento de aguas servidas, la minería y la descarga de los ríos
Nivel de actividad física en mujeres con cáncer de mama no metastásico de dos instituciones de salud de alta complejidad
Authors: Cordoba Barona Paola Andrea , López López Viviana Carolina , Bustamente Angelly , Wilches Luna Esther Cecilia 
Published: April 2019

La incidencia del cáncer de mama va en aumento progresivo durante las últimas décadas, y para el año 2020 podría aumentar en un 50%. La actividad física en esta población actúa como un factor protector para la salud. Objetivo: describir los niveles de actividad física en mujeres con cáncer de mama no metastásico reportadas en bases de datos de dos Instituciones de salud de la ciudad de Cali (Colombia) durante un año. Método: Estudio observacional descriptivo de corte transversal con 30 mujeres adultas, la recolección de información se realizó mediante el Cuestionario Internacional de Actividad Física versión corta (IPAQ-SF) y un cuestionario de datos generales, se relacionó el nivel de actividad física con el estadio de la enfermedad, la ocupación, el nivel socioeconómico, el índice de masa corporal (IMC) y la edad. Resultados: el 30,0% presentó nivel alto de actividad física, el 33,3% nivel moderado y el 36, 7% nivel bajo; además, el 83% de las mujeres presentaron sobrepeso. Se evidenció una asociación estadísticamente significativa entre el estadio de cáncer y actividad física (p = 0,014). Discusión: Los resultados son coherentes con la literatura en lo relacionado con la evaluación de la actividad física a través del IPAQ en mujeres con cáncer de mama, los niveles de actividad física en estas sobrevivientes son generalmente bajos. El incremento en los niveles de actividad física en personas con Ca de mama es una tanto individual como social. Se requiere una perspectiva poblacional, multisectorial, multidisciplinaria, y culturalmente idónea.
Memorias Seminario de Actualización en Neurorehabilitación en Pediatría
Authors: Meneses Cyndi Yacira 
Published: April 2019

Con el propósito de facilitar que los especialistas profundicen en la comprensión integral de las condiciones de salud, a partir del análisis del control y el aprendizaje motor para el manejo de individuos y colectivos, la Especialización en Fisioterapia en Neurorehabilitación de la facultad de Fisioterapia de la Escuela Colombiana de Rehabilitación, organizó el Seminario de Actualización en Neurorehabilitación en Pediatría que se llevó a cabo en la ciudad de Bogotá el día 29 de noviembre del 2018. Este documento contiene los resúmenes de las ponencias presentadas en dicho evento. El objetivo principal del Seminario fue proporcionar actualización en las nuevas tendencias en neuropediatría. Bajo esta sombrilla se propuso integrar los conceptos teóricos con las experiencias investigativas desarrolladas en el transcurso del posgrado, presentar los últimos avances en la neurorehabilitación para población pediátrica y exponer algunos productos investigativos derivados del posgrado de Fisioterapia en Neurorehabilitación. En total se presentan diez resúmenes de ponencias (nueve nacionales y una internacional), dos de ellas corresponden a productos generados desde la especialización.
Is the share of a central place in the population of the area, served by this central place, a constant for all levels of the Christaller’s hierarchy?
Authors: Dmitriev R. V. 
Published: April 2019

One of the conditions of the central place theory is the assumption of a constant k parameter – a share of a central place in the population of the area served by this central place – for all levels of the Christaller’s hierarchy. Nevertheless, we did not find a rigorous proof of this assertion (underlying the Beckmann-Parr equation) in the bibliography on the central place theory. If this condition is assumed true, it also remains unclear – whether for all or only for strictly defined k-values. We have established that if the chosen K-value of the Christaller’s hierarchy is constant at every lattice level, the Beckmann-Parr equation holds for all meaningful values of k. At the same time we found that the range of k-values for an ideal Christaller’s lattice is bounded above by not an asymptote at k = 1, but an exact almost twice smaller value equal to K-(K^2-K)^0.5. Since the latter changes very slightly during a radical rearrangement of the lattice from K = 3 to K = 7, we can state that we have discovered the new nonstrict invariant in the central place theory – the maximum value of k.
SISTEM INFORMASI PROMOSI DAN PENJUALAN KERAJINAN SULAMAN BERBASIS WEB PADA SULAMAN INDAH MAYANG PARIAMAN
Authors: Nelfira Nelfira , Putri Nency Extise , Yuni Via Rahmai 
Published: April 2019

This reseach was conducted at the handycrafts Sulaman Indah Mayang Pariaman. Sulaman Indah Mayang is a bussiness that sells various kinds of minang embroidered crafts. The effort craft Sulaman Indah Mayang still use conventional way in processing sales data and do promotion. For that required an information system that will assist in the process of promotion and sales. Information system application of promotion and sale of web based embroidery craft developed using PHP programming language and MySql as database. Application design using object oriented methodology with UML design tool. The end result of this research is the creation of application of Information System Promotion and Web- Based Sales that can help Sulaman Indah Mayang in the process of promotion and sales.
Os desafios da oferta obrigatória da Educação Infantil em Redes de Ensino de Pernambuco
Authors: Leite Dayseellen Gualberto , Silva Katharine Ninive 
Published: April 2019

A oferta da educação básica obrigatória e gratuita dos 4 (quatro) aos 17 (dezessete) anos está prevista na Constituição Federal de 1988 (alterada pela Emenda Constitucional n. 59/2009) e a Lei 9.394/96 - Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Nacional (alterada pela Lei 12.796/13). Desta forma, os municípios brasileiros necessitam garantir uma Educação Infantil pautada na qualidade da oferta e de condições de funcionamento, vista como direito de toda e qualquer criança sua vivência em um ambiente escolar estruturado, adequado e organizado a partir de suas especificidades e singularidades. Neste artigo, analisamos o Plano Nacional, Estadual de Educação de Pernambuco e os Planos Municipais de Educação de três municípios da Região Agreste, levantando alguns elementos conclusivos em relação ao previsto nestas redes de ensino em torno da problemática da oferta obrigatória e gratuita da Educação Infantil a partir dos 4 (quatro) anos de idade, bem como os desafios da sua universalização. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Educação Infantil. Criança. Infância. Obrigatoriedade. Educação Básica.
Siyasi Güç ve Dini Meşruiyet Açısından Büyük Selçuklu-Abbasi Halifeliği İlişkileri
Authors: KARADENİZ Yılmaz 
Published: April 2019

Büyük Selçuklu
Devleti’nin kurulduğu on birinci asrın ilk yarısında Deylemi, Büveyhi ve Fatimi
baskısı altında bulunan Bağdat’taki Sünni Abbasi halifeliği, Selçuklu sultanları
tarafından içerisinde bulunduğu zor durumdan kurtarılmıştır. Bağdat’a gelerek halifenin
elinden saltanatının dinî meşruiyetini tasdik ettiren Tuğrul Bey, halifeliğin
üzerindeki nüfuzu kırmakla kalmamış, kendisi de Sünni İslâm dünyası nezdinde
büyük bir itibar kazanmıştır. Abbasi halifeleri, Selçukluların yükseliş
döneminde sultanlar ile ilişkilerini akrabalık tesis etme seviyesine çıkararak
siyasi ve askeri desteğin artmasını sağlamışlardır. Sultanlar ise bu akrabalık
yoluyla Bağdat’ta kendi kanlarından olan halife adaylarının olmasını
istemişlerdir. Sultanların sınırları
genişletme ihtiyaçları, halifelerin de nüfuz alanını genişletme istekleri
ilişkilerin esasını oluşturmuştur. Ancak Melikşah’ın devlet merkezini
İsfahan’dan Bağdat’a taşıma düşüncesi, ilişkilerin seyrini değiştirmiş, gizli
rekabete dönüştürmüştür. Sultan’ın Bağdat’a yaptığı son ziyarette halifeden, on
gün içerisinde şehri terk etmesini istemesi, ilişkilerin seyrini düşmanlığa
çevirmiş ve hatta sultanın burada zehirletildiği iddia edilmiştir. Çalışmamızda,
Selçukluların gerileme döneminde su yüzüne çıkan bu ilişkilerin seyrini vermeye
çalıştık.
İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliği İçin DEMATEL-ARAS Tabanlı Risk Değerlendirme Metodolojisi ve Bir Uygulama
Authors: ERDAL Hamit 
Published: April 2019

İş sağlığı ve güvenliği
alanında risk analizi yapmak amacıyla tehlikeli durumları ve riskleri tespit
ederek, bunları bir metodolojisi içerisinde ele alan bir risk analizi yapabilmek,
sağlıklı ve mutlu bir çalışma ortamının temel prensiplerinden biridir.Kurum ve kuruluşlarda
yapılan risk değerlendirmelerin çeşitlendirilmesi ve olaylara farklı
yöntemlerle bakılması riski en aza indirecek etkendir. Bu nedenle bu çalışmada,
DEMATEL ve ARAS yöntemleri risk analizine uyarlanarak yeni bir yaklaşım önerilmiştir.

Bu çalışmanın amacı, bir kamu kuruluşunun araçlarının bakım-onarımlarının yapıldığı kademede iş
sağlığı ve güvenliği için en fazla riski oluşturan risk faktörlerinin
önceliklendirilmesi ve bu risklerin önlenebilmesi için alınabilecek tedbirlerin
belirlenerek, kamu kurumuna rehberlik edilebilmesidir.
Bolşeviklerin Nazarında İslâm Dini ve Onun Zuhuru
Authors: Çelebi Ercan 
Published: April 2019

Sosyal
demokrasi, tüm dünya görüşünü bilimsel sosyalizme yani Marksizm’e
dayandırır. Marksizm’in felsefi tabanı, kesinlikle
tanrıtanımaz ve kesinlikle tüm dine düşman bir materyalizmdir. Marks’ın “din halkın afyonudur” ilkesi, din
konusunda tüm Marksist görüşün köşe taşıdır. Marksizm, her zaman bütün modern
dinleri, ibadethaneleri ve dinsel örgütleri, işçi sınıfının sömürülmesine
hizmet eden burjuvanın araçları olarak görmüştür. Bu sebeple dinin ve dinsel
cemaatlerin devletle bir bağı olmamalıdır. 1917 İhtilâli’nden sonra Sovyetlerin
din politikası, özellikle Müslüman ahali üzerinde bir taraftan dinsizliği,
diğer taraftan ise Hıristiyanlığı propaganda etmek şeklinde ortaya çıkmıştır.
İslâm’ın Tanrı, Peygamber, Kuran gibi temel kaynakları materyalistik açıdan ele alınmış, Müslümanların temel dini
inançları sarsılmaya çalışılmıştır. Bu çalışmada Bolşevik propagandalarına esas
olan Marksizm’in İslâm anlayışı ele alınmıştır.
Laju Pertumbuhan Rumput Laut Gracillaria sp. pada Kedalaman dan Jarak Tanam Berbeda di Kecamatan Blanakan Kabupaten Subang
Authors: Danapraja Sopiyan , Jubaedah Iis , Anas Pigoselpi 
Published: April 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui laju pertumbuhan Gracilaria sp. pada kedalaman dan jarak tanam yang berbeda. Perlakuan yang diberikan adalah kedalaman (permukaan, 30 dan 60 cm dari permukaan) dan jarak tanam (20, 25 dan 30 cm) dengan tiga kali ulangan menggunakan metode budidaya lepas dasar. Hipotesa yang diajukan “Diduga, kedalaman dan jarak tanam memberikan pengaruh berbeda terhadap laju pertumbuhan rumput laut Gracilaria sp. yang dibudidayakan di tambak dengan metode lepas dasar. Laju pertumbuhan tanaman uji dianalisa menggunakan persamaan pertumbuhan eksposional (Ricker, 1975). Model Klasifikasi Dua Arah dengan Anak Contoh (Boer, 1989) digunakan untuk menguji hipotesis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa laju pertumbuhan Gracilaria sp. yang ditanam di permukaan dengan jarak tanam yang sama mempunyai rata-rata laju pertumbuhan lebih tinggi dari yang ditanam di kedalaman 30 dan 60 cm, dan rata-rata laju pertumbuhan yang dibedakan atas jarak tanam (20, 25 dan 30 cm) pada kedalaman dipermukaan menunjukkan jarak tanam 30 cm mempunyai laju pertumbuhan tertinggi. Berdasarkan hasil Analisis Sidik Ragam maupun uji Duncan memperlihatkan bahwa perbedaan kedalaman berpengaruh nyata, sedangkan perbedaan jarak tanam tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap laju pertumbuhan.
ТЮРЕМНА СИСТЕМА ДОБИ УКРАЇНСЬКОЇ НАЦІОНАЛЬНОЇ РЕВОЛЮЦІЇ (ДО 100-ЛІТНЬОГО ЮВІЛЕЮ)
Authors: Сокальська О. 
Published: April 2019

Визначено та проаналізовано законодавчі й організаційні зміни в тюремній системі та її керівних органах за доби Тимчасового уряду, Центральної Ради та Гетьманату П. П. Скоропадського. Окреслено зміст пенітенціарної доктрини Тимчасового уряду та умови, у яких вона формувалася й реалізовувалася, а також засади діяльності тюремних інспекцій та окремих місць ув’язнення. З’ясовано, кому підпорядковувалися тюремні установи українських губерній упродовж лютого–жовтня 1917 р. та у наступні періоди. Визначено стан тюремного відомства за доби Центральної Ради та Гетьманату, охарактеризовано тюремну політику гетьманського уряду, уточнено персональний склад очільників центрального органу управління тюремною системою у квітні–листопаді 1918 р.
Observing the Transient Pulsations of SMC X-1 with NuSTAR
Authors: Pike Sean N. , Harrison Fiona A. , Bachetti Matteo , Brumback McKinley C. , Fürst Felix S. , Madsen Kristin K. , Pottschmidt Katja , Tomsick John A. , Wilms Jörn 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
We report on Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array observations of transient pulsations in the neutron star X-ray binary SMC X-1. The transition from nonpulsing to pulsing states was not accompanied by a large change in flux. Instead, both pulsing and nonpulsing states were observed in a single observation during the low-flux super-orbital state. During the high state, we measure a pulse period of P = 0.70117(9) s at T
ref = 56145 MJD. Spectral analysis during nonpulsing and pulsing states reveals that the observations can be consistently modeled by an absorbed power law with a phenomenological cutoff resembling a Fermi–Dirac distribution, or by a partially obscured cutoff power law. The shapes of the underlying continua show little variability between epochs, while the covering fraction and column density vary between super-orbital states. The strength of pulsations also varies, leading us to infer that the absence and reemergence of pulsations are related to changing obscuration, such as by a warped accretion disk. SMC X-1 is accreting near or above its Eddington limit, reaching an unabsorbed X-ray luminosity of L
X(2–10 keV) ≈ 5 × 1038 erg s−1. This suggests that SMC X-1 may be a useful local analog to ultraluminous X-ray pulsars (ULXPs), which likewise exhibit strong variability in their pulsed fractions, as well as flux variability on similar timescales. In particular, the gradual pulse turn-on, which has been observed in M82 X-2, is similar to the behavior we observe in SMC X-1. Thus we propose that pulse fraction variability of ULXPs may also be due to variable obscuration.
A Procedure for Making High Dynamic-range Radio Images: Deep Imaging of the Kiloparsec-scale Radio Structures of a Distant Blazar, NRAO 530, with JVLA Data
Authors: Zhao Jun-Hui , Morris Mark R. , Goss W. M. 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Using JVLA data obtained from A-, B-, and C-array observations of Sgr A* and NRAO 530 (as a calibrator) at 5.5, 9, and 33 GHz during the period between 2012 and 2015, we developed a procedure for the reduction of wideband data at high angular resolution. We have demonstrated that, correcting for residual interferometer errors, such as antenna-based errors caused by residual delays as well as baseline-based closure errors, radio astronomers can now achieve high-fidelity radio images with a dynamic range (peak:rms) exceeding 1,000,000:1. We outline the procedure in detail, noting that it can have broad application in the analysis of broadband continuum observations. Here, we apply this procedure to observations of a distant blazar, NRAO 530, revealing the radio structures surrounding the core in unprecedented detail. Our wideband JVLA image of this source at 5.5 GHz (C-band) shows that the kiloparsec radio structure of NRAO 530 is prominently characterized by a moderately curved western jet terminating at a hot spot where the radiation is stretched farther out into a diffuse radio lobe or plume. Close to the radio core, an abrupt bending of the jet is revealed in the high-resolution (<100 mas) images at 33 GHz (Ka band), showing the evolution of the position angle of the jet from the north at the VLBI scale (50 mas, or ∼400 pc projected) and increasing toward the west at larger VLA scales (1″, or ∼10 kpc). The continuation of the jet axis drift forms a curved western jet extending out to 200 kpc. In contrast to the main radio structure, a faint and broad counter-jet is present on the eastern side with a curvature antisymmetric to that of the western jet. The eastern jet terminates at a bright hot spot, forming an edge-brightened diffuse lobe. A newly recognized compact component, located 0.″6 east of the radio core, is detected in the A-array images at 9 GHz (X-band), suggesting that a more recent ejection has taken place toward the east. In addition, a lower brightness emission extended N–S from the core is detected at a level of 1–10 K in brightness temperature in our 5.5 GHz C-array data. The observed contrast in surface brightness between the western and eastern jet components suggests that the jets on the VLA scale are mildly relativistic. The radiation from the western jet is boosted while the radiation from the receding eastern jet is plausibly suppressed owing to the relativistic Doppler effect.