bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lossless Fast Drop Self‐Transport on Anisotropic Omniphobic Surfaces: Origin and Elimination of Microscopic Liquid Residue
Authors: Huang Shilin , Li Juan , Liu Lin , Zhou Lidan , Tian Xuelin 
Published: May 2019

AbstractSurfaces enabling directional drop self‐transport have exceptional applications in digital microfluidics, chemical analysis, bioassay, and microreactor technology. While such properties have been obtained by engineering a surface with anisotropic microstructures, a microscopic liquid residue—though it might be invisible macroscopically—is generally left behind the transported drop, resulting in undesired transport loss and severely limiting practical applications of the surface. Here, the origin of microscopic liquid residue is studied by investigating directional drop self‐transport on anisotropic surfaces made of radially arranged omniphobic microstripes. It is revealed that the occurrence of a liquid residue is governed by a transport‐velocity‐dependent dynamic wetting mechanism involving the formation of entrained thin liquid films at high capillary numbers while the local dynamic receding contact angle vanishes. Rayleigh‐like breakup of the liquid films leads to the microscopic liquid residue. It is further shown that a liquid‐like coating featuring highly flexible molecular chains can effectively suppress the formation of entrained liquid films at high transport velocities, thereby facilitating lossless and fast drop self‐transport on anisotropic omniphobic surfaces.
Localized and Collective Motions in HET‐s(218‐289) Fibrils from Combined NMR Relaxation and MD Simulation
Authors: Smith Albert A. , Ernst Matthias , Riniker Sereina , Meier Beat H. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractNuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) relaxation data and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations are combined to characterize the dynamics of the fungal prion HET‐s(218‐289) in its amyloid form. NMR data is analyzed with the dynamics detector method, which yields timescale‐specific information. An analogous analysis is performed on MD trajectories. Because specific MD predictions can be verified as agreeing with the NMR data, MD was used for further interpretation of NMR results: for the different timescales, cross‐correlation coefficients were derived to quantify the correlation of the motion between different residues. Short timescales are the result of very local motions, while longer timescales are found for longer‐range correlated motion. Similar trends on ns‐ and μs‐timescales suggest that μs motion in fibrils is the result of motion correlated over many fibril layers.
Monomeric Copper(II) Sites Supported on Alumina Selectively Convert Methane to Methanol
Authors: Meyet Jordan , Searles Keith , Newton Mark A. , Wörle Michael , van Bavel Alexander P. , Horton Andrew D. , van Bokhoven Jeroen A. , Copéret Christophe 
Published: May 2019

AbstractMonomeric CuII sites supported on alumina, prepared using surface organometallic chemistry, convert CH4 to CH3OH selectively. This reaction takes place by formation of CH3O surface species with the concomitant reduction of two monomeric CuII sites to CuI, according to mass balance analysis, infrared, solid‐state nuclear magnetic resonance, X‐ray absorption, and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy studies. This material contains a significant fraction of Cu active sites (22 %) and displays a selectivity for CH3OH exceeding 83 %, based on the number of electrons involved in the transformation. These alumina‐supported CuII sites reveal that C−H bond activation, along with the formation of CH3O‐ surface species, can occur on pairs of proximal monomeric CuII sites in a short reaction time.
Hybrid Chloroantimonates(III): Thermally Induced Triple‐Mode Reversible Luminescent Switching and Laser‐Printable Rewritable Luminescent Paper
Authors: Wang Zeping , Zhang Zhizhuan , Tao Luqi , Shen Nannan , Hu Bing , Gong Liaokuo , Li Jianrong , Chen Xianping , Huang Xiaoying 
Published: May 2019

AbstractTwo hybrid chloroantimonates(III), [Bzmim]3SbCl6 (1, Bzmim=1‐benzyl‐3‐methylimidazolium, Tm1=410 K) and [Bzmim]2SbCl5 (2, Tm2=348 K) are presented. 1 exhibits green emission (quantum efficiency of 87.5 %); 2 exhibits blue and red emissions under the irradiation of 310 and 396 nm light, respectively. Using different cooling methods, crystalline 1 and IL@2 (IL=ionic liquid of [Bzmim]Cl) could be generated from the molten 1. Reversible structural and PL transformation triggered by moisture or heat was observed between 1 and IL@2. Such PL switching, combined with the crystallization‐induced PL properties of 1 and 2, resulted in the firstly reported triple‐mode reversible PL switching, that is, on–off (T>Tm1), color switching (T<Tm2), and on–off–on (Tm2<T<Tm1). Furthermore, ink‐ and mask‐free laser‐printable rewritable PL paper was achieved. This study demonstrates the promise of dynamic insertion/extraction of ILs in hybrid chloroantimonates for anti‐counterfeiting and rewritable PL paper.
Unprecedented Eighteen‐Faceted BiOCl with a Ternary Facet Junction Boosting Cascade Charge Flow and Photo‐redox
Authors: Li Min , Yu Shixin , Huang Hongwei , Li Xiaowei , Feng Yibo , Wang Cong , Wang Yonggang , Ma Tianyi , Guo Lin , Zhang Yihe 
Published: May 2019

AbstractExposure of anisotropic crystal facets allows the directional transfer of photoexcited electrons (e−) and holes (h+), for spatial charge separation. High‐index facets with a high density of low‐coordinated atoms always serve as reactive catalytic sites. However, preparation of multi‐facets or high‐index facets is highly challenging for layered bismuth‐based photocatalysts. Herein, we report the preparation of unprecedented eighteen‐faceted BiOCl with {001} top facets and {102} and {112} oblique facets via a hydrothermal process. Compared to the conventional BiOCl square plates with {001} top facets and {110} lateral facets, the eighteen‐faceted BiOCl has highly enhanced photocatalytic activity for H2 evolution and hydroxyl radicals (.OH) production. Theoretical calculations and photodeposition results disclose that the of eighteen‐faceted BiOCl has a well‐matched {001}/{102}/{112} ternary facet junction, which provides a cascade path for more efficient charge flow than the binary facet junction in BiOCl square plates.
Directional Charge Transport in Layered Two‐Dimensional Triazine‐Based Graphitic Carbon Nitride
Authors: Noda Yu , Merschjann Christoph , Tarábek Ján , Amsalem Patrick , Koch Norbert , Bojdys Michael J. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractTriazine‐based graphitic carbon nitride (TGCN) is the most recent addition to the family of graphene‐type, two‐dimensional, and metal‐free materials. Although hailed as a promising low‐band‐gap semiconductor for electronic applications, so far, only its structure and optical properties have been known. Here, we combine direction‐dependent electrical measurements and time‐resolved optical spectroscopy to determine the macroscopic conductivity and microscopic charge‐carrier mobilities in this layered material “beyond graphene”. Electrical conductivity along the basal plane of TGCN is 65 times lower than through the stacked layers, as opposed to graphite. Furthermore, we develop a model for this charge‐transport behavior based on observed carrier dynamics and random‐walk simulations. Our combined methods provide a path towards intrinsic charge transport in a direction‐dependent layered semiconductor for applications in field‐effect transistors (FETs) and sensors.
Predicting the response of nekton assemblages to seagrass transplantations in the Venice lagoon: An approach to assess ecological restoration
Authors: Scapin Luca , Zucchetta Matteo , Sfriso Adriano , Franzoi Piero 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

One of the major challenges to ensure effective restoration of estuarine habitats is to establish success criteria to determine whether the goals of restoration are met.
The aim of this work is to propose and test an approach to identify reference conditions and assess the recovery of nekton (fish, decapods and cephalopods) assemblages at seagrass restoration sites.
Nekton sampling took place from 2014 to 2017 in the northern Venice lagoon (northern Adriatic Sea, Italy) during spring at eight sites subjected to seagrass (Zostera marina and Zostera noltei) transplantation. In spring 2016, five natural seagrass sites in the same area were additionally sampled, and physico‐chemical water parameters and habitat structure were also recorded.
A multivariate generalized linear model approach was adopted in order to disentangle the relative effect of water quality and seagrass habitat structure on nekton assemblages of natural habitats. Models were subsequently employed to predict species composition of nekton fauna at each transplantation site, to identify the reference assemblage expected under site‐specific abiotic and habitat characteristics.
The average distance of the observed assemblage from reference conditions was used to track temporal trajectories of nekton colonization at transplantation sites, and to ultimately evaluate the recovery rate towards restoration goals.
This study highlights how a predictive approach could serve management purposes in ecological restoration, providing a concise tool to assess the functionality of restored habitats for associated fauna.
Holz‐Kunststoff‐Verbundwerkstoffe
Authors: Krüger Simone , Schartel Bernhard , Schubert Martina , Schoch Rebecca 
Published: May 2019

AbstractDer steigende Einsatz von Holz‐Kunststoff‐Verbundwerkstoffen (Wood Plastic Composite, WPC) erfordert das Wissen um seine spezifischen Eigenschaften, insbesondere dem Brandrisiko. Dabei können Flammschutzmittel die Entflammbarkeit, Wärmeabgabe und die Brandausbreitung des Materials verringern. Deshalb sind der gezielte und effiziente Einsatz und die Kenntnis über die Wirkungsweise der Flammschutzmittel im WPC für den Brandschutz von enormer Bedeutung. Dazu gehört auch die Rauchentwicklung im Brandfall. Rauch beeinflusst aufgrund seiner Toxizität und seiner Sichttrübung die Fluchtmöglichkeit der betroffenen Personen. In der Rauchkammer nach ISO 5659‐2 wird die Rauchentwicklung von flachen Werkstoffproben ermittelt. Die Rauchgastoxizität bzw. die Rauchgaszusammensetzung wird mithilfe der FTIR (Fourier Transformierte Infrarot)‐Spektroskopie ermittelt. Frei werdende Partikel schädigen die Atemorgane und beeinflussen damit auch die Fluchtfähigkeit von Personen im Brandfall. Aussagen zur Partikelemission können mithilfe eines an die Rauchkammer gekoppelten Partikelanalysators getroffen werden. Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit wurden verschiedene flammgeschützte WPC‐Systeme hinsichtlich ihres Rauchverhaltens in der Rauchkammer untersucht. Die Ergebnisse zu emittierten toxischen Gasen, Partikeln und zur Rauchentwicklung werden vorgestellt und in Abhängigkeit von den eingesetzten Flammschutzmitteln im WPC diskutiert.
Application of simultaneous separation and derivatization for the determination of α‐lipoic acid in urine samples by high‐performance liquid chromatography with spectrofluorimetric detection
Authors: Borowczyk Kamila , Olejarz Patrycja , Chwatko Grażyna 
Published: May 2019

AbstractTo help to clarify therapeutic functions of lipoic acid (LA) in biochemical and clinical practice we have elaborated a fast, simple and accurate HPLC method enabling determination of LA in human urine. The proposed analytical approach includes reduction of LA with tris(2‐carboxyethyl)phosphine and simultaneous separation and derivatization of the analyte with butylamine and o‐phthaldialdehyde followed by spectrofluorimetric detection at λex = 340 nm and λem = 440 nm. The assay was performed using gradient elution and the mobile phase containing 0.0025 mol L−1 o‐phthaldialdehyde in 0.0025 mol L−1 NaOH and acetonitrile. Linearity of the detector response for LA was observed in the range of 0.3–8 μmol L−1. Limits of detection and quantification for LA in urine samples were 0.02 and 0.03 μmol L−1, respectively. The total analysis time, including sample work‐up, was <20 min. The analytical procedure was successfully applied to analysis of real urine samples delivered from six healthy volunteers who received a single 100 mg dose of LA.
The state of corporate social responsibility research in Ghana: A synthesis of literature
Authors: Damoah Obi Berko Obeng , Peprah Augustine Awuah , Cobla Georgina Maku 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThere are recent calls to pay attention to the institutional requirement or the configurations of the national business system because it eventually results in the different manifestation of corporate social responsibility (CSR) in different contexts. This has led to several contestations against the suitability of transferring developed countries' CSR frameworks and ideas to developing countries. Yet literature reviews about CSR in developing countries and in Africa, in particular, are limited. This paper, therefore, contributes to this gap by systematically reviewing and synthesizing 113 CSR's studies from Ghana between 2006 and 2018. Altogether, this paper structures CSR research in Ghana into salient themes to provide the current state of knowledge and help scholars scope the field and explore value‐adding avenues to further our understanding about CSR research in developing countries. Based on the findings, implication on theory, public policy, and practice are suggested.
Survival and clinical prognostic factors in metastatic non‐clear cell renal cell carcinoma treated with targeted therapy: A multi‐institutional, retrospective study using the Korean metastatic renal cell carcinoma registry
Authors: Kim Jung Kwon , Kim Sung Han , Song Mi Kyung , Joo Jungnam , Seo Seong Il , Kwak Cheol , Jeong Chang Wook , Song Cheryn , Hwang Eu Chang , Seo Ill Young , Lee Hakmin , Hong Sung‐Hoo , Park Jae Young , Chung Jinsoo 
Published: May 2019

AbstractObjectivesThe optimal treatment strategy for metastatic non‐clear cell renal cell carcinoma (mNCCRCC) is still elusive and mainly extrapolated from evidence available for metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma. The aim of the study was therefore to investigate the survival outcomes and prognostic factors affecting survival in patients with mNCCRCC treated with targeted therapy.Materials and methodsWe analyzed a total of 156 patients (8.1%) with mNCCRCC among the total cohort of 1922 patients in the Korean metastatic RCC registry. We used Kaplan‐Meier curve analysis to calculate the survival estimates for first‐line progression‐free survival (PFS), total PFS, and cancer‐specific survival (CSS). We also used the log‐rank test to compare the different groups and multivariate Cox‐proportional hazard regression analyses to evaluate the prognostic factors for survival.ResultsThe mNCCRCC group had significantly inferior survival outcomes in terms of first‐line PFS, total PFS, and CSS (all P < 0.05). We found survival benefits in patients treated with first‐line vascular endothelial growth factor‐tyrosine kinase inhibitors (VEGF‐TKIs, first‐line PFS, and total PFS, all P < 0.05), cytoreductive nephrectomy (CSS, P < 0.0001), metastasectomy (CSS, P = 0.0017), and patients with metachronous metastasis (first‐line PFS, total PFS, and CSS, all P < 0.05). Liver metastasis was the only significant prognostic factor for both first‐line PFS and CSS (all P < 0.05).ConclusionsIn the current targeted therapy era, survival of mNCCRCC is still inferior in comparison with that of mCCRCC patients. We found survival benefits in patients treated with first‐line VEGF‐TKIs/CN/metastasectomy, and metachronous metastasis patients.
Cyclic Naphthalene Diimide Dimer with a Strengthened Ability to Stabilize Dimeric G‐Quadruplex
Authors: Takeuchi Ryusuke , Zou Tingting , Wakahara Daiki , Nakano Yoshifumi , Sato Shinobu , Takenaka Shigeori 
Published: May 2019

AbstractA new type of dimeric cyclic naphthalene diimide derivatives (cNDI‐dimers) carrying varied linker length were designed and synthesized to recognize dimeric G‐quadruplex structures. All of the cNDI‐dimers exhibited a high preference for recognizing G‐quadruplex structures, and significantly enhanced the thermal stability of the dimeric G‐quadruplex structure over the cNDI monomer by increasing the melting temperature by more than 23 °C, which indicated the strengthened ability of cNDI dimers for stabilizing dimeric G‐quadruplex. cNDI dimers also showed a stronger ability to inhibit telomerase activity and stop telomere DNA elongation than cNDI monomer, which showed an improved anticancer potentiality for further therapeutic application.
Heterocyclic Carbene‐Catalyzed Hydride Transfer in the Hydroboration of Carbonyl Compounds
Authors: Li Tianhao , Zhang Jianying , Cui Chunming 
Published: May 2019

Summary of main observation and conclusionN‐Heterocyclic carbene (NHC) enabled the highly efficient catalytic hydroboration of a wide range of ketones and aldehydes under mild conditions, and a new mechanism of catalytic hydroboration reaction which involves direct hydride transfer is proposed.
Real‐world clinical outcomes of olaparib therapy in Chinese patients with advanced serous ovarian cancer treated in Macau
Authors: Cao Yabing , Chen Hongtao , Huang Yaobin , Hu Hao 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackgroundOlaparib has been approved as an active and maintenance therapy for patients with platinum‐sensitive, BRCA‐mutated high‐grade serous ovarian cancer (SOC). However, the efficacy and safety data is lack among Chinese ovarian cancer patients.AimThis real‐world study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety profile of olaparib in patients from mainland China, where olaparib is currently unavailable.Methods and resultsThis single‐center, observational study included 65 patients with pathologically confirmed advanced serous ovarian cancer from Kiang Wu Hospital in Macau between December 2015 and September 2017. Progression‐free survival (PFS) and other endpoints (treatment response, disease progression, and adverse events) were evaluated. PFS was estimated using the Kaplan‐Meier method. The median treatment duration was 4 months (range, 1‐15). The median PFS for the overall population was 4.2 months (95% CI 2.7‐5.2), while those for patients with wild‐type BRCA1/2 and BRCA1/2 mutations were 3.1 months (95% CI 1.3‐4.6) and 5.3 months (95% CI 2.8‐7.1), respectively. The median PFS tended to be longer for patients on maintenance therapy (between 9.0 months [95% CI 1.4‐17.5] and 10.0 months [95% CI 2.5‐18.1]) than for those on active therapy (between 3.1 months [95% CI 2.1‐3.8] and 3.0 months [95% CI 1.4‐4.5]). Most patients (87.0%) experienced low‐grade adverse events; the most common of which were fatigue (49.0%) and nausea (35.0%).ConclusionOur findings demonstrate clinical benefit of olaparib to mainland Chinese patients with high‐grade SOC, particularly for patients with BRCA mutations and who require maintenance therapy.
Spider monkey optimization–based high‐level synthesis in VLSI circuits for runtime adaptability
Authors: Rani M. Thillai , Kumar S. Suresh 
Published: May 2019

SummaryVery‐large‐scale integration (VLSI) is a procedure of designing integrated circuit (IC) by linking number of transistors into single chip where attaining the higher accuracy is difficult task because of variation in process‐voltage‐temperature (PVT). This work presents Stochastic Spider Monkey Optimization–based High‐Level Synthesis (SSMO‐HLS) Model to improve the performance with better runtime adaptability. In SSMO‐HLS model, behavioral input is collected and dataflow analysis is carried out to convert input into dataflow diagram (DFD). Then, compilation process detects error functional unit (FU) in DFD. Spider monkey optimization is carried out to find optimal functional unit for performing allocation, scheduling, and binding process. After binding, output circuit gets generated with better runtime adaptability in case of PVT variations. The performance of SSMO‐HLS model is carried out using ISCAS'89 Benchmark Dataset where designed model increases FU selection accuracy and reduces error rate and circuit adaptability time when compared to state‐of‐the‐art works.
Building a distributed K‐Means model for Weka using remote method invocation (RMI) feature of Java
Authors: Sudarsan V. , Sugumar R. 
Published: May 2019

SummaryThis work attempts to analyze the limits of Weka Data Miner in executing the Simple K‐Means algorithm and makes an attempt to identify how much data is too much data for the Weka Data Miner to execute the algorithm. This work is further based on developing a distributed processing model to offer a better solution in handling large datasets. The required features are implemented using the RMI Call back Server. The Euclidean Distance measure is considered for calculating the distance.
Detection and mitigation of UDP flooding attack in a multicontroller software defined network using secure flow management model
Authors: Gurusamy UmaMaheswari , K Hariharan , MSK Manikandan 
Published: May 2019

SummarySoftware‐Defined Networking (SDN) simplifies the network management and provides a way to virtualize, configure, and manage the network infrastructure centrally. The central management has been exhibited by reinforcing an SDN controller, which separates the network data plane from the control functions and is responsible for managing the flows. Distributed Denial‐of‐Service (DDoS) attacks are the most threatening issue among many security attacks, and it makes the services unavailable in a network. The flow management done by the controller is disrupted when one or more malicious host flood User Datagram Protocol (UDP) packets in the network, focusing on exhausting the bandwidth of the controller. It results in degrading the performance of the controller, leading to control plane saturation. A Secure Flow Management model (SFM), which dynamically identifies and mitigates the UDP flooding attack in a multicontroller SDN has been proposed. The proposed model is a practically applicable defense mechanism against volumetric attack, and it tries to secure the control plane bandwidth. The SFM has been experimented as an extension of the RYU controller and has exploited the attack under different traffic scenarios. Further, an analysis has been made on response time and the CPU utilization taken by the controller to recover from the DoS attack.
The Ligand‐Exchange Reactions of Rod‐Like Au25‐nMn (M=Au, Ag, Cu, Pd, Pt) Nanoclusters with Cysteine – A Density Functional Theory Study
Authors: Weng Shiyin , Lv Ying , Yu Haizhu , Zhu Manzhou 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe atomic precision of ultrasmall noble‐metal nanoclusters (NMNs) is fundamental for elucidating structure‐property relationships and probing their practical applications. So far, the atomic structure of NMNs protected by organic ligands has been widely elucidated, whereas the precise atomic structure of NMNs protected by water‐soluble ligands (such as peptides and nucleic acid), has been rarely reported. With the concept of “precision to precision”, density functional theory (DFT) calculations were performed to probe the thermodynamic plausibility and inherent determinants for synthesizing atomically precise, water‐soluble NMNs via the framework‐maintained two‐phase ligand‐exchange method. A series of rod‐like Au25‐nMn (M=Au, Ag, Cu, Pd, Pt) NMNs with the same framework but varied ligands and metal compositions was chosen as the modeling reactants, and cysteine was used as the modeling water‐soluble ligand. It was found that the acidity of the reaction remarkably affects the thermodynamic facility of the ligand exchange reactions. Ligand effects (structural distortion and acidity) dominate the overall thermodynamic facility of the ligand‐exchange reaction, while the number and type of doped metal atom(s) has little influence.