bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
« À la poursuite de la réforme »: Renouveaux et débats historiographiques de l’histoire religieuse et intellectuelle de l’islam,xve-xxie siècle
Authors: Mayeur-Jaouen Catherine 
Published: August 2019

RésumésL’histoire religieuse et intellectuelle de l’islam à l’époque moderne et contemporaine est souvent réduite à un récit-maître arabo-centrique et téléologique dans lequel la modernité commencerait avec l’expédition d’Égypte ou laNahḍa, la Renaissance arabe. Cette histoire verrait se succéder soufisme, réformisme musulman, islamisme, salafisme, soit une « généalogie de l’islamisme ». Dans une démarche d’histoire régressive, cet article éclaire la pluralité des voies possibles comme le caractère hétérogène des moments historiques, grâce à la présentation des dynamiques courantes de l’historiographie internationale sur l’histoire de l’islam entre lexve et lexxie siècle. Remontant vers l’amont, il s’agit de repérer les ruptures et les continuités, les lectures successives de tel auteur médiéval et de tel concept (commesalafiyya). L’article s’efforce de démontrer la nature construite de la vulgate historiographique du « réformisme musulman » de la fin duxixe siècle, comme celle sur « la pensée arabe à l’âge libéral ». Les débats sur le « néo-soufisme » et sur l’Aufklärungduxviiie siècle ont conduit à une meilleure connaissance de l’islam de la fin de l’époque moderne. Entre lexve et lexviie siècle, s’épanouit une soif de renouveau(tajdīd)en hadith, en droit musulman et en soufisme. Les recherches récentes des ottomanistes sur les processus de « confessionnalisation » auxxvie etxviie siècles montrent l’importance des facteurs politiques dans ces évolutions de l’islam à l’âge des trois Empires (moghol, safavide, ottoman).
LeLivre du désert: La vision du monde d’un lettré musulman de l’Ouest saharien auxixe siècle
Authors: Warscheid Ismail 
Published: August 2019

RésumésCet article propose une analyse duLivre du désert (Kitāb al-bādiya), un traité de droit composé par Muḥammad al-Māmī (m. 1282/1865), un lettré musulman originaire des déserts du Tiris dans l’actuelle Mauritanie. Dans son ouvrage, l’auteur réfléchit sur l’adaptation de la charia – la loi religieuse de l’islam – aux besoins des populations pastorales de l’Ouest saharien : comment s’approprier un système normatifa prioriinsensible aux contextes nomades, étant donné que celui-ci postule l’autorité d’un État dirigé par un souverain islamique(imām)comme garant de son implémentation et suppose la ville comme cadre de l’exercice de la justice ? L’article restitue les différents contextes dans lesquels s’inscrit le propos d’al-Māmī : celui d’un notable religieux à la fois engagé dans les luttes de pouvoir entre groupes nomades et fervent partisan des mouvements de djihad en Afrique de l’Ouest auxxviiie etxixe siècles, celui d’un jurisconsulte malikite qui pense sa société dans le cadre du droit musulman postclassique, celui d’un bédouin s’interrogeant sur les implications juridico-religieuses de la distance culturelle qui sépare son monde de celui des sédentaires. Tout l’enjeu est de remettre en question les notions de centre/périphérie et de « déclin » postclassique qui continuent à structurer le champ de l’histoire intellectuelle de l’islam.
Person and deixis in Heiltsuk pronouns
Authors: Bjorkman Bronwyn M. , Cowper Elizabeth , Hall Daniel Currie , Peters Andrew 
Published: August 2019

AbstractHarbour (2016) argues for a parsimonious universal set of features for grammatical person distinctions, and suggests (ch. 7) that the same features may also form the basis for systems of deixis. We apply this proposal to an analysis of Heiltsuk, a Wakashan language with a particularly rich set of person-based deictic contrasts (Rath 1981). Heiltsuk demonstratives and third-person pronominal enclitics distinguish proximal-to-speaker, proximal-to-addressee, and distal (in addition to an orthogonal visibility contrast). There are no forms marking proximity to third persons (e.g., ‘near them’) or identifying the location of discourse participants (e.g., ‘you near me’ vs. ‘you over there’), nor does the deictic system make use of the clusivity contrast that appears in the pronoun paradigm (e.g., ‘this near you and me’ vs. ‘this near me and others’). We account for the pattern by implementing Harbour's spatial element χ as a function that yields proximity to its first- or second-person argument.
Genotype × environment interaction on the yield of spring oilseed rape (Brassica napus) under rainfed conditions in Argentine Pampas
Authors: Puhl L. E. , Miralles D. J. , López C. G. , Iriarte L. B. , Rondanini D. P. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractOilseed rape seed yield has increased in the last 40 years in most countries, but this yield gain has not been accompanied by greater yield stability. The current study aimed to quantify the genotype by environment (G × E) interaction on oilseed rape yield, identify genotypes with broad adaptability and the main environmental drivers related to seed yield. A weighted two-stage mixed-model analysis was applied to official multi-environment trials of nine spring genotypes (G), in three locations (L) during 6 years (Y) on central and southern Argentine Pampas under rainfed conditions. Best linear unbiased prediction of seed yield ranged from 0.37 to 3.73 kg/ha. Fixed effect L × Y was highly significant and G variability was estimated as 130 kg/ha of standard deviation. Contrasting genotypes were identified by Shukla's stability index and two of those showed the best yield performance in the wettest year. Factor analysis explained 0.75 of total variation and discriminated genotypes with broad and specific adaptability, as well as combined environments according to the similarities in seed yield of the evaluated genotypes. Environmental loadings of Factor 2 were linearly associated with cumulative rainfall in the post-flowering period (up to 230 mm). It is concluded that (i) a significant G × L × Y interaction underlies the high variability of seed yield, (ii) two genotypes (G6 and G7) with high yield stability were identified, and (iii) G × E effects are associated with post-flowering rainfall.
But how does it develop? Adopting a sociocultural lens to the development of intergroup bias among children
Authors: McLoughlin Niamh , Corriveau Kathleen H. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractWe argue that adopting a sociocultural lens to the origins of intergroup bias is important for understanding the nature of attacking and defending behavior at a group level. We specifically propose that the potential divergence in the development of in-group affiliation and out-group derogation supports De Dreu and Gross's framework but does indicate that more emphasis on early sociocultural input is required.
The attack and defense games
Authors: Sheremeta Roman M. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe attack-and-defense game is a game in which an attacker (a group of attackers) has an incentive to revise the status quo and a defender (a group of defenders) wants to protect it. The asymmetry in objectives creates incompatible interests and results in a mixed-strategy Nash equilibrium. However, this equilibrium could be heavily impacted by behavioral considerations.
ALTICA'S OBSIDIAN INDUSTRIES AND THEIR PLACE IN EARLY–MIDDLE FORMATIVE OBSIDIAN EXPLOITATION IN CENTRAL MEXICO
Authors: Healan Dan M. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractSurvey and excavation conducted by Stoner and Nichols (2019) at Altica, located in the Basin of Mexico, recovered nearly 29,000 pieces of obsidian, most of which apparently came from the nearby Otumba source. Formal classification followed by attribute analysis revealed a number of distinct lithic industries represented in the collection, although most are represented by finished objects that do not appear to have been produced on site. Most of the material consists of flakes probably used as unmodified, informal tools and produced on expedient cores consisting of some nodules but mostly percussion blades, spent cores, and other artifacts recycled as secondary cores. I propose that Altica acquired its obsidian from workshops possibly located in an area where they apparently existed in later times and may have during the Early–Middle Formative, as well. Virtually all of the obsidian in the collection appears to have been used for domestic or subsistence activities and was not involved in production or exchange systems believed to have existed at that time. Two unusual caches containing macronodules provide some evidence to the contrary, suggesting that Altica may have been a transshipment center.
EARLY–MIDDLE FORMATIVE PERIOD SUBSISTENCE IN THE TEOTIHUACAN VALLEY, MEXICO: PRE-HISPANIC PLANT REMAINS FROM ALTICA
Authors: McClung de Tapia Emily , Acosta-Ochoa Guillermo , Martínez-Yrizar Diana , Adriano-Morán Carmen Cristina , Cruz-Palma Jorge , Chaparro-Rueda Berenice 
Published: August 2019

AbstractRecent excavations at the Early–Middle Formative period site of Altica in the southern piedmont of the Teotihuacan Valley, Mexico, provide evidence for early agriculture and plant use in a rural community in the northern Basin of Mexico. In the Basin of Mexico, settled agricultural communities were present in the southern sector of the region from at least 1200 calb.c.Initial expansion into the semiarid northern sector of the Basin, however, appears to have taken place towards the end of the Early Formative, during the transition to the Middle Formative when agricultural economies based on maize cultivation became firmly established, setting the scene for increased population density and concomitant social complexity.Altica is currently the only community in the Teotihuacan Valley spanning this transitional period that has survived in the face of intensive changes in land use over the last three millennia. Macro- and microbotanical evidence recovered from radiocarbon-dated excavated contexts at Altica provide evidence for maize cultivation and suggest a subsistence economy in transition, prior to the establishment of intensive dependence upon a broader range of domesticated and cultivated plants.
Association between hours worked in paid employment and diet quality, frequency of eating out and consuming takeaways in the UK
Authors: Sam Lucy , Craig Tony , Horgan Graham W , Macdiarmid Jennie I 
Published: August 2019

AbstractObjective:To examine associations between hours worked and diet quality, frequency of eating out and consuming takeaways.Design:Data were taken from the National Diet and Nutrition Survey (2008–2014). Associations between hours worked in paid employment and diet quality, assessed using the Diet Quality Index (DQI) and selected foods and nutrients, were tested using linear regression models. Associations between hours worked and frequency of eating out and consuming takeaways were tested using ordinal logistic regression models. All models were adjusted for sex, age, equivalised household income, household composition and household food role.Setting:UK.Participants:Adults (n 2154) aged 19–64 years in employment.Results:Mean (95 % CI) hours worked per week was 36·1 (35·6, 36·6) and mean DQI score was 41·9 (41·2, 42·5) %. Hours worked was not associated with DQI score, frequency of eating out or consuming takeaways. Hours worked was positively associated with consuming red meat, processed meat and alcohol intake. Adults working more hours had lower intake of fibre but higher total fat and saturated fat intakes if they lived in households with children.Conclusions:Working hours may not be the main factor driving poor-quality diets among this sample of UK adults in employment. Focusing on consumption of foods prepared outside the household may not be the most efficient way to improve diet quality as effort is needed at all levels. Although it is unclear what is driving the differences in nutrient intakes according to household composition, they are important to consider when developing interventions to improve healthy eating.
Fault‐Associated Magma Conduits Beneath Volcán de Colima Revealed by Seismic Velocity and Attenuation Tomography Studies
Authors: Sychev Ilya V. , Koulakov Ivan , Egorushkin Igor , Zhuravlev Sergey , West Michael , El Khrepy Sami , Al‐Arifi Nasir , Alajmi Mamdoh S. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractWe present the results of tomographic studies using seismic velocity and attenuation in the area of the Colima Volcanic complex (CVC). Our dataset comprises body waves from local earthquakes recorded by the temporary seismic stations of the CODEX network in the Colima area and a few stations of the regional Mapping the Rivera Subduction Zone (MARS) networks, both deployed in 2006–2008. We obtain three‐dimensional distributions of seismic velocities and attenuation in the crust beneath the CVC area. At shallow depths, we observe a large negative anomaly to the south of CVC, coinciding with the location of the Central Colima Graben. This anomaly may represent debris avalanche deposits, as well as shallow magma reservoirs feeding the eruptions of the presently active Volcán de Colima. In contrast, the volcano edifice of Nevado de Colima, which is built of rigid igneous rocks, is associated with high‐velocity and low‐attenuation anomalies at shallow depths. In the deeper section, a major anomaly with high Vp/Vs, low Vs, and high S wave attenuation corresponds to the location of the regional Tamazula fault. As this represents a mechanically weakened zone of the crust, it may form the pathway that feeds CVC. Both velocity and attenuation models show that the fault‐associated conduit brought magma from the mantle through the lower crust to a depth of 15 km. Then, a light fraction of magma may continue to ascend, forming shallow reservoirs beneath the southern flank of CVC.
The Asymmetric Atmospheric Response to the Midlatitude North Pacific SST Anomalies
Authors: Tao Lingfeng , Sun Xuguang , Yang Xiu‐Qun 
Published: August 2019

AbstractForced by Pacific Decadal Oscillation‐related sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies with the same pattern but opposite signs in the western‐central North Pacific, nonlinear wintertime atmospheric responses are produced by a state‐of‐the‐art atmospheric general circulation model (GFDL AM2.1); that is, an obvious equivalent barotropic geopotential low appears over the cold SST forcing (“CSST”), whereas a weak baroclinic structure shows up corresponding to the warm SST forcing (“WSST”), and both of them have similar characteristics in the lower troposphere. Specifically, because of the relatively dry environment in the central North Pacific, nonlinear responses of moisture process including latent heat flux and low‐level atmosphere moisture advection induce asymmetric diabatic heating (Qd): in WSST, Qd tends to increase in the middle‐lower troposphere but decrease in the middle‐upper level, whereas it always increases in the whole troposphere in CSST. Thus, Qd has the same low‐level positive vertical gradient in both CSST and WSST, which produces similar atmospheric circulation anomalies in the lower troposphere. In turn, the asymmetric responses of low‐level temperature advection further modify air temperature meridional gradient as well as atmospheric baroclinicity in the lower troposphere, significantly shifting the transient eddy activities southward in CSST and greatly weakening their intensity in WSST, respectively. Accordingly, the transient eddy vorticity forcing primarily determines the upper‐level atmospheric responses in CSST, but it has unsystematic effects in WSST that are overtaken by Qd. Therefore, the dominance of diabatic heating in WSST and transient eddy forcing in CSST over the central North Pacific lead to the asymmetric atmospheric responses among which the asymmetry of moisture plays an essential role.
High incidence of atrial fibrillation after successful catheter ablation of atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia: a 15.5-year follow-up
Authors: Frey M. K. , Richter B. , Gwechenberger M. , Marx M. , Pezawas T. , Schrutka L. , Gössinger H. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAtrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT) is the most common type of supraventricular tachycardia. Slow pathway (SP) ablation is the treatment of choice with a high acute success rate and a negligible periprocedural risk. However, long-term outcome data are scarce. The aim of this study was to assess long-term outcome and arrhythmia free survival after SP ablation. In this study, 534 consecutive patients with AVNRT, who underwent SP ablation between 1994 and 1999 were included. During a mean follow-up of 15.5 years, 101 (18.9%) patients died unrelated to the procedure or any arrhythmia. Data were collected by completing a questionnaire and/or contacting patients. Clinical information was obtained from 329 patients (61.6%) who constitute the final study cohort. During the electrophysiological study, sustained 1:1 slow AV nodal pathway conduction was eliminated in all patients. Recurrence of AVNRT was documented in 9 patients (2.7%), among those 7 patients underwent a successful repeat ablation procedure. New-onset atrial fibrillation (AF) was documented in 39 patients (11.9%) during follow-up. Pre-existing arterial hypertension (odds ratio 2.61, 95% CI 1.14–5.97, p = 0.023), age (odds ratio 1.05, 95% CI 1.02–1.09, p = 0.003) and the postinterventional AH interval (odds ratio 1.02, 95% CI 1.00–1.04, p = 0.038) predicted the occurrence of AF. The present long-term observational study after successful SP ablation of AVNRT confirms its clinical value reflected by low recurrence and complication rates. The unexpectedly high incidence of new-onset AF (11.9%) may impact long-term follow-up and requires further clinical attention.
Syllables are Retrieved before Segments in the Spoken Production of Mandarin Chinese: An ERP Study
Authors: Feng Chen , Yue Yuan , Zhang Qingfang 
Published: August 2019

AbstractLanguages may differ in terms of the functional units of word-form encoding used in spoken word production. It is widely accepted that segments are the primary units used in Indo-European languages. However, it is controversial what the functional units (syllables or segments) in Chinese spoken word production are. In the present study, Mandarin Chinese speakers named pictures while ignoring distractor words presented simultaneously, which shared atonal syllables, bodies or rhymes, or were unrelated with the name of the target pictures. Behavioral results showed that naming latencies in the 3 phonologically-related conditions were significantly shorter than those associated with the unrelated condition. EEG data indicated that the syllable-related condition modulated event-related potentials (ERPs) in a time window of 320–500 ms, the body-related condition modulated ERPs from 370–420 ms, while the rhyme-related condition modulated ERPs from 400–450 ms. The starting points for evident syllable, body, and rhyme priming effects were 322 ms, 368 ms, and 408 ms (by the Guthrie & Buchwald method) or 340 ms, 372 ms and 403 ms (by the jackknife procedure), respectively. Our findings provide a relative temporal course of syllable and segment encoding in Chinese spoken naming: Syllables are retrieved before segments, and constitute the primary processing units during the early stage of word-form encoding. Furthermore, segments and their order are retrieved incrementally from left to right when producing Chinese spoken words.
Shape transition from elliptical to cylindrical membrane tubes induced by chiral crescent-shaped protein rods
Authors: Noguchi Hiroshi 
Published: August 2019

AbstractProteins often form chiral assembly structures on a biomembrane. However, the role of the chirality in the interaction with an achiral membrane is poorly understood. Here, we report how chirality of crescent-shaped protein rods changes their assembly and tubulation using meshless membrane simulations. The achiral rods deformed the membrane tube into an elliptical shape by stabilizing the edges of the ellipse. In contrast, the chiral rods formed a helical assembly that generated a cylindrical membrane tube with a constant radius in addition to the elliptical tube. This helical assembly could be further stabilized by the direct side-to-side attraction between the protein rods. The chirality also promotes the tubulation from a flat membrane. These results agree with experimental findings of the constant radius of membrane tubules induced by the Bin/Amphiphysin/Rvs (BAR) superfamily proteins.
Furin-mediated cleavage of LRP1 and increase in ICD of LRP1 after cerebral ischemia and after exposure of cultured neurons to NMDA
Authors: Yamada Mariko , Hayashi Hideki , Suzuki Kaori , Sato Shoko , Inoue Daisuke , Iwatani Yui , Ohata Meiko , Yuan Bo , Takagi Norio 
Published: August 2019

AbstractTheN-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor has been implicated in several neurodegenerative diseases, including stroke. Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1) plays pivotal roles in endocytosis and signaling in the cell. Immature LRP1 is processed by furin in the trans-Golgi network (TGN) and transported to the cell surface as its mature form. Activation of mature LRP1 exerts a protective effect against glutamate-induced degeneration of the rat retinal ganglion cells, as was shown in our previous study. However, the roles of LRP1 in the pathogenesis of excitotoxic neuronal injuries remain to be determined. The aim of this present study was to achieve further insight into the pathophysiologic roles of LRP1 after excitotoxic neuronal injuries. Our findings are the first to demonstrate that LRP1 was significantly cleaved by furin after cerebral ischemia in rats as well as after exposure of cultured cortical neurons to NMDA. It was noteworthy that the intracellular domain (ICD) of LRP1 was co-localized with TGN and furin. Furthermore, a furin inhibitor inhibited the cleavage of LRP1 and co-localization of LRP1-ICD with TGN or furin. Our findings suggest that furin-mediated cleavage of LRP1 and changes in the localization of LRP1-ICD were involved in the excitotoxic neuronal injury.
A novel small molecule A2A adenosine receptor agonist, indirubin-3′-monoxime, alleviates lipid-induced inflammation and insulin resistance in 3T3-L1 adipocytes
Authors: Choudhary Saynaz A. , Bora Nikita , Banerjee Dipanjan , Arora Leena , Das Anindhya Sundar , Yadav Rakesh , Klotz Karl-Norbert , Pal Durba , Jha Anupam Nath , Dasgupta Suman 
Published: August 2019

AbstractSaturated free fatty acid-induced adipocyte inflammation plays a pivotal role in implementing insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Recent reports suggest A2A adenosine receptor (A2AAR) could be an attractive choice to counteract adipocyte inflammation and insulin resistance. Thus, an effective A2AAR agonist devoid of any toxicity is highly appealing. Here, we report that indirubin-3′-monoxime (I3M), a derivative of the bisindole alkaloid indirubin, efficiently binds and activates A2AAR which leads to the attenuation of lipid-induced adipocyte inflammation and insulin resistance. Using a combination of in silico virtual screening of potential anti-diabetic candidates and in vitro study on insulin-resistant model of 3T3-L1 adipocytes, we determined I3M through A2AAR activation markedly prevents lipid-induced impairment of the insulin signaling pathway in adipocytes without any toxic effects. While I3M restrains lipid-induced adipocyte inflammation by inhibiting NF-κB dependent pro-inflammatory cytokines expression, it also augments cAMP-mediated CREB activation and anti-inflammatory state in adipocytes. However, these attributes were compromised when cells were pretreated with the A2AAR antagonist, SCH 58261 or siRNA mediated knockdown of A2AAR. I3M, therefore, could be a valuable option to intervene adipocyte inflammation and thus showing promise for the management of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes.