bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Renal Clearable Luminescent Gold Nanoparticles: From the Bench to the Clinic
Authors: Yu Mengxiao , Xu Jing , Zheng Jie 
Published: September 2018

AbstractWith more and more engineered nanoparticles (NPs) being translated to the clinic, the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has recently issued the latest draft guidance on nanomaterial‐containing drug products with an emphasis on understanding their in vivo transport and nano–bio interactions. Following these guidelines, NPs can be designed to target and treat diseases more efficiently than small molecules, have minimum accumulation in normal tissues, and induce minimum toxicity. In this Minireview, we integrate this guidance with our ten‐year studies on developing renal clearable luminescent gold NPs. These gold NPs resist serum protein adsorption, escape liver uptake, target cancerous tissues, and report kidney dysfunction at early stages. At the same time, off‐target gold NPs can be eliminated by the kidneys with minimum accumulation in the body. Additionally, we identify challenges to the translation of renal clearable gold NPs from the bench to the clinic.
Lokale und globale Dynamik im ungeordneten Synuklein‐Protein
Authors: Rezaei‐Ghaleh Nasrollah , Parigi Giacomo , Soranno Andrea , Holla Andrea , Becker Stefan , Schuler Benjamin , Luchinat Claudio , Zweckstetter Markus 
Published: September 2018

AbstractIntrinsisch ungeordnete Proteine (IDPs) besitzen ein breites Spektrum an Bewegungen, die mit einer einzelnen experimentellen Methode schwierig zu charakterisieren sind. Hier kombinieren wir Hochfeld‐ und Niederfeld‐Kernspinrelaxation, Nanosekunden‐Fluoreszenzkorrelationsspektroskopie (nsFCS) und Molekulardynamiksimulationen um detaillierten Einblick in die konformationelle Beweglichkeit alpha‐Synukleins, eines paradigmatischen IDPs mit einer bedeutenden Rolle in der Parkinson‐Erkrankung, zu gewinnen. Die kombinierte Analyse zeigt, dass Bewegungen schneller als 2 ns, die durch lokale Diederwinkelschwankungen und struktureller Änderungen innerhalb und zwischen Ramachandran‐Unterzuständen hervorgerufen werden, den größten Teil des Orientierungsgedächtnis der N‐H‐Vektoren des Proteinrückgrats dekorellieren. Darüber hinaus finden wir aber langsamere Bewegungen einzelner Segmente der alpha‐Synuklein‐Kette mit Korrelationszeiten bis zu ≈13 ns, insbesondere in der C‐terminalen Domäne, während globale Umordnungen der alpha‐Synuklein‐Kette auf einer Zeitskala von ≈60 ns stattfinden. Unsere Studie belegt, dass die Kombination von Hochfeld‐ und Niederfeld‐Kernspinrelaxation, nsFCS und Molekulardynamiksimulationen ein wirkungsvoller Ansatz ist um die Beweglichkeit von IDPs auf verschiedenen Zeit‐ und Längenskalen zu bestimmen.
Management of recurrent pleural mesothelioma: Successful rechallenge with nintedanib in combination with chemotherapy
Authors: Grosso Federica , Roveta Annalisa , Gallizzi Giulia , Belletti Marco 
Published: September 2018

Key Clinical MessageMalignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare neoplasm, generally caused by asbestos exposure. This case details how a patient treated with nintedanib during the LUME‐Meso study was rechallenged with nintedanib. The findings highlight the benefit of nintedanib rechallenge and the potential use of continuous anti‐angiogenic therapy in MPM treatment.
Plasmon‐Enhanced Solar Water Splitting on Metal‐Semiconductor Photocatalysts
Authors: Zheng Zhaoke , Xie Wen , Huang Baibiao , Dai Ying 
Published: September 2018

AbstractPhotocatalytic water splitting using solar energy has been widely studied as a promising method for clean energy production. Continued efforts have been made to enhance the performance of solar‐to‐fuel energy conversion. The introduction of localized surface plasmon resonance (SPR) has been proposed as a promising strategy to enhance the efficiency of photocatalytic water splitting. This review presents an overview of the recent progress in the development of plasmonic photocatalysts for solar water splitting. Plasmon‐enhanced mechanisms, including hot electron injection, near‐field effects, and light scattering/trapping, are discussed. Furthermore, recent relevant works to discuss the emerging strategies for efficiency improvement and better understanding of the mechanisms are summarized. Finally, the perspectives of plasmonic photocatalysts for water splitting and the possible research directions are presented and discussed.
Fast and pH‐Independent Elimination of trans‐Cyclooctene by Using Aminoethyl‐Functionalized Tetrazines
Authors: Sarris Alexi J. C. , Hansen Thomas , de Geus Mark A. R. , Maurits Elmer , Doelman Ward , Overkleeft Herman S. , Codée Jeroen D. C. , Filippov Dmitri V. , van Kasteren Sander I. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe inverse‐electron‐demand Diels–Alder/pyridazine elimination tandem reaction, in which the allylic substituent on trans‐cyclooctene is eliminated following reaction with tetrazines, is gaining interest as a versatile bioorthogonal process. One potential shortcoming of such currently used reactions is their propensity to proceed faster and more efficiently at lower pH, a feature caused by the nature of the tetrazines used. Here, we present aminoethyl‐substituted tetrazines as the first pH‐independent reagents showing invariably fast elimination kinetics at all biologically relevant pH values.
Regiocontrolled Remote C−H Olefination of Small Heterocycles
Authors: Achar Tapas Kumar , Ramakrishna Kankanala , Pal Tapas , Porey Sandip , Dolui Pravas , Biswas Jyoti Prasad , Maiti Debabrata 
Published: September 2018

AbstractAchieving site‐selective C−H functionalization of arene is a fundamental challenge, as it is mainly controlled by the electronic nature of the molecules. A chelation‐assisted C−H functionalization strategy overcomes the selectivity issues by utilizing distance and geometry of covalently attached directing groups (DGs). This strategy requires stoichiometric DG installation/removal and a suitable functional group on which to tether the DG. Such strategies are ineffective for small heterocycles unless suitable functional groups are added. Moreover, heterocycles are not the judicious choice as substrates owing to the possibilities of catalyst deactivation. Inspired by recent developments, this work demonstrates the utilization of a chelating template backbone bearing covalently attached directing groups, which enables site‐selective remote C−H functionalization of heterocycles. The observed selectivity is the outcome of non‐covalent interactions between the heterocycles and bifunctional template backbone.
Smart Equipment – A Perspective Paper
Authors: Kockmann Norbert , Bittorf Lukas , Krieger Waldemar , Reichmann Felix , Schmalenberg Mira , Soboll Sebastian 
Published: September 2018

AbstractChemical equipment has to form a robust and efficient process space and was developed over the last centuries to very sophisticated, often highly specialized devices. With the upcoming information technology new opportunities arise with integrated sensors, and advanced control systems. Smart equipment is designed in form of intelligent modules. Furthermore, adaptive and integrated actuators convert the control signals to directly influence the process, thus, they can be described as responsive equipment. This contribution will give an overview of some activities in this field.
Automated rare single cell picking with the ALS cellcelector™
Authors: Nelep Constantin , Eberhardt Jens 
Published: September 2018

AbstractMolecular analysis of rare single cells like circulating tumor cells (CTCs) from whole blood patient samples bears multiple challenges. One of those challenges is the efficient and ideally loss‐free isolation of CTCs over contaminating white and red blood cells. While there is a multitude of commercial and non‐commercial systems available for the enrichment of CTCs their cell output does not deliver the purity most molecular analysis methods require. Here we describe the ALS CellCelector™ which can solve this challenge allowing the retrieval of 100% pure single CTCs from blood processed by different upstream enrichment techniques. It is a multifunctional, extremely flexible system for automated screening of cell culture plates, Petri dishes, and microscope slides. Fixed or live single cells or multicellular clusters detected during screening can be picked out of those plates automatically. The complete scan and picking process is fully documented hence allowing highest standardization and reproducibility of all processes. Use of CellCelector allowed the isolation of pure single tumor cells or clusters from liquid biopsies of breast, prostate, ovarian, colorectal, lung, and brain cancers for their subsequent molecular analysis. © 2018 The Authors. Cytometry Part A published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Society for Advancement of Cytometry.
Hazard assessment of the veterinary pharmaceuticals monensin and nicarbazin using a soil test battery
Authors: Menezes-Oliveira V. , Loureiro S. , Amorim M.J.B. , Wrona F. , Soares A.M.V.M. 
Published: September 2018

Abstract

Veterinary pharmaceuticals are widely used as food additives in the poultry industry, and the unknown consequences of releasing these compounds into the environment are of concern. The purpose of the present study was to determine the direct impact of 2 veterinary pharmaceuticals (nicarbazin and monensin), commonly used in the poultry industry, on nontarget invertebrates and plant species. Ecotoxicological tests were used to evaluate the acute and chronic toxicity in earthworms (Eisenia andrei), collembolans (Folsomia candida), and 2 plant species (Brassica rapa and Triticum aestivum). Chemical analytical measurements were in good agreement with the nominal concentrations used, although some variability was seen. The results obtained showed no effects of nicarbazin at the highest nominal tested concentration of 1000 mg a.i./kg soil dry weight on any of the organisms, whereas exposure to monensin caused a concentration-specific response pattern. Species sensitivity to monensin decreased in the following rank order: B. rapa &gt; T. aestivum &gt; E. andrei &gt; F. candida, with measured median effect concentrations (based on soil exposure) ranging between approximately 10 and 120 mg/kg. Our results emphasize the importance of using a test battery when assessing ecotoxicological effects by using different ecophysiological endpoints and species from different trophic levels. Environ Toxicol Chem 2018;37:3145–3153. © 2018 SETAC
Industrial and natural compounds in filter-feeding black fly larvae and water in 3 tundra streams
Authors: Kupryianchyk Darya , Giesler Reiner , Bidleman Terry F. , Liljelind Per , Lau Danny Chun Pong , Sponseller Ryan A. , Andersson Patrik L. 
Published: September 2018

Abstract

We report concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls, polybrominated diphenyl ethers, novel flame retardants, and naturally occurring bromoanisoles in water and filter-feeding black fly (Simuliidae) larvae in 3 tundra streams in northern Sweden. The results demonstrate that black fly larvae accumulate a wide range of organic contaminants and can be used as bioindicators of water pollution in Arctic streams. Environ Toxicol Chem 2018;37:3011–3017. © 2018 SETAC
Abstract
Monitoring industrial and natural compounds in arctic streams.
Elective repeat cesarean delivery in women eligible for trial of labor in Brazil
Authors: Nakamura‐Pereira Marcos , Esteves‐Pereira Ana Paula , Gama Silvana G. N. , Leal Maria 
Published: September 2018

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the hospital, maternal, and obstetric characteristics associated with elective repeat cesarean delivery (ERCD) among women eligible for trial of labor after cesarean (TOLAC) delivery in Brazil.MethodsThe present data were retrieved from the Birth in Brazil study, a national hospital‐based cohort study conducted during 2011–2012. Data were collected from medical records and by interview. Univariate and hierarchical multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to analyze factors associated with ERCD among women with a previous cesarean delivery who were eligible for TOLAC.ResultsAmong 2295 women considered eligible for TOLAC, 1516 (66.1%) had an ERCD; the overall cesarean delivery rate was 79.4%. In the private sector, almost all deliveries (95.3%) were performed by ERCD. In the public sector, ERCD was associated with socioeconomic (more years of schooling), obstetric (women's preference, no previous vaginal delivery, macrosomia), and hospital (mixed hospital, location in noncapital city, fewer than 1500 deliveries per year) characteristics.ConclusionThe ERCD rate in Brazil was high even in a low‐risk group, indicating that nonclinical factors may be driving the decision for cesarean delivery. Efforts aiming to reduce cesarean deliveries in Brazil should target women with a previous cesarean delivery.
Steady‐state modeling and macroeconomic forecasting quality
Authors: Louzis Dimitrios P. 
Published: September 2018

SummaryVector autoregressions (VARs) with informative steady‐state priors are standard forecasting tools in empirical macroeconomics. This study proposes (i) an adaptive hierarchical normal‐gamma prior on steady states, (ii) a time‐varying steady‐state specification which accounts for structural breaks in the unconditional mean, and (iii) a generalization of steady‐state VARs with fat‐tailed and heteroskedastic error terms. Empirical analysis, based on a real‐time dataset of 14 macroeconomic variables, shows that, overall, the hierarchical steady‐state specifications materially improve out‐of‐sample forecasting for forecasting horizons longer than 1 year, while the time‐varying specifications generate superior forecasts for variables with significant changes in their unconditional mean.
A test method to assess the contribution of fluid shear stress to the cleaning of reusable device surfaces
Authors: Hariharan Prasanna , Paruchuri Sai Sameer , Topoleski L. D. Timmie , Rinaldi Jean E. , Casamento Jon P. , Myers Matthew R. , Vesnovsky Oleg 
Published: September 2018

AbstractAdequate cleaning of reusable medical devices is critical for preventing cross‐infection among patients. For reusable medical devices, cleaning using mechanical brushes and detergent may not be sufficient to completely remove the infectious contaminants from the surfaces. This study evaluates the role of fluid flow‐induced shear stress in the detachment and removal of contaminants from device surfaces. A stainless‐steel test coupon, acting as a surrogate for a device surface, was coated with artificial clot of varying mass. The test coupon was exposed to fluid shear stress both with and without an enzymatic detergent. The relationship between clot removal quantity and the applied shear stress was obtained for multiple clot masses. Our results showed that fluid shear increased the effectiveness of the cleaning process. In the absence of flow, soaking the clot surface in the enzymatic detergent removed 67%, 77%, and 95% of the clot for 16 mg, 6.8 mg, and 1 mg initial masses, respectively. In the presence of fluid shear (0.3 Pa for 5 min), approximately 85%, 97%, and 99% of the clot was removed from the surface. The clot mass removed followed a linear relationship (R2 = 0.98) versus the applied fluid shear stress. This study showed that different cleaning processes such as fluid shear and detergent action contribute to the soil removal process. This method could be used to evaluate cleaning protocols for minimizing contaminant residue after the reprocessing of medical devices. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 107B: 1132–1140, 2019.
Clinically Relevant Doses of Sclerostin Antibody Do Not Induce Osteonecrosis of the Jaw (ONJ) in Rats with Experimental Periodontitis
Authors: Hadaya Danny , Gkouveris Ioannis , Soundia Akrivoula , Bezouglaia Olga , Boyce Rogely W , Stolina Marina , Dwyer Denise , Dry Sarah M , Pirih Flavia Q , Aghaloo Tara L , Tetradis Sotirios 
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACT

Antiresorptive agents, such as bisphosphonates and denosumab, are frequently used for the management of osteoporosis. Indeed, both medications decrease the risk of osteoporotic fractures; however, these medications are associated with rare but potentially severe side effects, such as osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ). ONJ, defined as an area of exposed bone in the maxillofacial region that lasts for 8 weeks, often presents with significant pain and infection and can lead to serious complications. Interestingly, other treatments for osteoporosis have been developed, such as antibodies against the osteocyte-secreted protein, sclerostin. Sclerostin functions to inhibit the Wnt signaling cascade, leading to inhibition of bone formation. In clinical trials, a sclerostin antibody (romosozumab, Amgen Inc., UCB Brussels) increases bone formation and lowers the risk of osteoporotic fractures. However, in conjunction with increased osteoblastic activity, a reduction in bone resorption markers is observed. This antiresorptive effect raises the concern of possible ONJ development in patients treated with sclerostin antibodies. Here, utilizing ligature-induced experimental periodontitis (EP), we evaluated the effects of sclerostin inhibition on the development of ONJ-like lesions in ovariectomized rats. Beginning 8 weeks post-ovariectomy, rats were treated for 22 weeks with weekly injections of vehicle (Veh), 200 μg/kg zoledronic acid (ZA), a potent bisphosphonate at 100-fold the osteoporosis dose, or 5 mg/kg sclerostin antibody (Scl-Ab) at the osteoporotic dose. EP was initiated at week 12 and maintained for the remainder of the study. Scl-Ab treatment transiently increased serum P1NP, a bone formation marker, increased BV/TV, and decreased eroded surfaces in lumbar vertebrae. ZA-treated rats developed histologic features of ONJ, whereas Veh-treated controls did not. Scl-Ab animals lost less periodontal bone in sites with EP. However, these animals presented with no histologic signs of ONJ. In conclusion, sclerostin inhibition enhanced structural bone parameters, without inducing ONJ-like lesions, in ovariectomized rats with EP. © 2018 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Tricuspid annular plane of systolic excursion to prognosticate acute pulmonary symptomatic embolism (TAPSEPAPSE study)
Authors: Lahham Shadi , Fox John C. , Thompson Maxwell , Nakornchai Tanyaporn , Alruwaili Badriah , Doman Ghadeer , May Lee Shannon , Shafi Amal , Shniter Inna , Valdes Victoria , Zhang Lishi 
Published: September 2018

IntroductionThe imaging standard for evaluation of acute pulmonary embolism (PE) includes a computed tomography pulmonary angiogram. Ultrasonography has shown promise in obtaining the tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) measurements, which may be of clinical importance in patients with acute PE. The objective of this study is to evaluate the diagnostic capability of TAPSE measurements for patients with suspicion for acute PE.MethodsWe prospectively enrolled patients who came to the emergency department with suspicion of acute PE. Each patient underwent a point‐of‐care sonogram where a TAPSE measurement was obtained, followed by computed tomography pulmonary angiogram. Based on the computed tomography pulmonary angiogram findings, patients were grouped into 3 categories: no acute PE, clinically insignificant acute PE, or clinically significant acute PE.ResultsWe enrolled 87 patients in this study. Twenty‐three (26.4%) of these patients were diagnosed with PE. Of patients with PE, 15 (65%) were found to have a clinically significant acute PE. Analysis of mean TAPSE measurements between patients with clinically significant acute PE and those with insignificant or no PE was 15.2 mm and 22.7 mm, respectively (P ≤ .0001). Following receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, optimum TAPSE measurement to identify clinically significant acute PE is 18.2 mm. A cutoff TAPSE measurement of 15.2 mm shows a sensitivity of 53.3% (95% confidence interval, 26.7%–80%) and a specificity of 100% (95% confidence interval, 100%–100%) for the diagnosis of a clinically significant PE.ConclusionsOur data suggest that TAPSE measurements less than 15.2 mm have a high specificity for identifying clinically significant acute PE.
Effect of morphology of activated carbon supports for cobalt boride catalysts on the hydrolysis reaction of sodium borohydride
Authors: Kibar Murat Efgan , Engintepe Emel , Özdemir Emel , Kaplan Özgür , Çelik Cenk , Akın Ayşe Nilgün 
Published: September 2018

AbstractIn this study, cobalt boride (Co‐B) catalysts were prepared on different carbon supports for hydrogen generation from alkaline sodium borohydride (NaBH4). As carbon support, four different types of activated carbon, namely IRH3, Acticarbone3S, GAC250, and AC35, were used. Including 10%, 15%, and 20% weight loadings of Co‐B catalysts, they were synthesized with the mentioned activated carbon supports. A variety of techniques, namely inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer, X‐ray diffraction, and N2 adsorpsion–desorption (Brunauer–Emmett–Teller method) analysis were applied for detecting the particles’ morphology as well as textural, structural, and other physical properties of materials. The study revealed that crystallinity, porous characteristics, and pore size distribution of activated carbons had very strong effects on Co‐B formation on the surface. The hydrogen generation rate increased by increasing Co‐B loading. AC35 and GAC250 types of activated carbon supports were more effective than IRH3 and Acticarbone3S counterparts in hydrogen generation from NaBH4, which was associated with their morphological structures.
A remark on relative geometric invariant theory for quasi‐projective varieties
Authors: Schmitt Alexander H. W. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractRelative geometric invariant theory studies the behavior of semistable points under equivariant morphisms. More precisely, suppose G is a reductive linear algebraic group over an algebraically closed field k, X and Y are quasi‐projective varieties endowed with G‐actions, is a G‐equivariant projective morphism, the G‐action on Y is linearized in the ample line bundle M, and the G‐action on X is linearized in the φ‐ample line bundle L. For any positive integer n, there is an induced linearization of the G‐action on X in the line bundle . If Y is projective and , the set of points in X that are semistable with respect to this linearization is contained in the preimage under φ of the set of points in Y that are semistable with respect to the given linearization in M. The same statement is trivially also true, if Y is affine and . In this note, we show by means of an example that the statement does not hold for arbitrary quasi‐projective varieties Y. This shows that a claim by Hu of the contrary is not true. Relative geometric invariant theory plays a role in the construction and study of degenerations of moduli spaces.
Synthesis and Molecular Modeling Studies of Coumarin‐ and 1‐Aza‐Coumarin‐Linked Miconazole Analogues and Their Antifungal Activity
Authors: Savanur Hemantkumar M. , Pawashe Geeta M. , Kim Kang Min , Kalkhambkar Rajesh G. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractA series of new coumarin and 1‐aza coumarin analogues of miconazole (6 a‐j) were synthesized from 3‐bromoacetyl coumarins. Further diversification was achieved by synthesizing coumarin‐benzimidazole hybrids of miconazole (7 a‐j) and evaluated for in‐vitro anti‐microbial activities. Amongst the tested compounds, 7 d was found to be particularly effective as anti‐fungal agents against C. albicans and C. krusei, with activity comparable to that of the standard. Comparative Docking studies with mevalonate‐5‐diphosphatedecarboxylase shows better binding affinity than imidazole counterparts which is primarily attributed to extended π‐alkyl interactions facilitated by benzimidazole.