bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early cardiovascular risk and all‐cause mortality following an incident of severe hypoglycaemia: A population‐based cohort study
Authors: Lo Shih‐Chang , Yang Yi‐Sun , Kornelius Edy , Huang Jing‐Yang , Lai Yung‐Rung , Huang Chien‐Ning , Chiou Jeng‐Yuan 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAimsSevere hypoglycaemia is associated with a high risk of cardiovascular events in patient with diabetes. The aim of this study was to clarify the temporal relationship between hypoglycaemia and cardiovascular events.Materials and methodsThis observational cohort study was conducted using Taiwan's Longitudinal Cohort of Diabetes Patients Database, which included 360 000 patients with newly diagnosed diabetes during the period 1999 to 2001. Patients with the first severe hypoglycaemia after 2002 served as the study cohort. Each patient in the study cohort was matched with two control patients without severe hypoglycaemia, based on a propensity score. A joinpoint regression model was used to determine trends in all‐cause mortality and incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) events in both cohorts.ResultsA total of 10 157 patients with severe hypoglycaemia and 20 314 matched controls were recruited. Patients with severe hypoglycaemia had a significantly higher risk of CVD (HR, 7.28; 95% CI, 5.19–10.20) and all‐cause mortality (HR, 19.92; 95% CI, 13.42–29.56) during the first month compared with those without. In patients with severe hypoglycaemia, the incidence of CVDs dropped by 17.29% monthly during the first 4 months and slowly decreased (−0.67%) during subsequent months. All‐cause mortality decreased by 16.55% and 3.24% monthly during months 0–6 and months 6–17, respectively.ConclusionsSevere hypoglycaemia is associated with a greater risk of cardiovascular events and death, especially during the first month following a hypoglycaemic episode. Patients prone to severe hypoglycaemia should be made aware of the elevated risk of subsequent cardiovascular events.
What if they take it all? Heterogeneous impact of sickness absence reform
Authors: Pertold Filip 
Published: April 2019

AbstractI investigate the effect of sickness absence reform in the Czech Republic, which reduced benefits paid during the first three days of sickness absence to zero. I find a substantial decrease in the incidence of sickness absence, which is about 15 percent of the pre‐reform mean. I find that workers in occupations with high flexibility and fewer routine tasks are more likely to reduce their sickness absences.
Immunosuppressive therapy (IST) in adult patients with acquired aplastic anemia (AA): A single‐center experience over the past 15 years
Authors: Alashkar Ferras , Oelmüller Maren , Herich‐Terhürne Dörte , Turki Amin T. , Schmitz Christine , Vance Colin , Dührsen Ulrich , Röth Alexander 
Published: April 2019

AbstractObjectiveImmunosuppressive therapy (IST) with horse anti‐thymocyte globulin (hATG) and cyclosporine (CsA) is considered one of the first‐line therapies in patients (pts) with acquired aplastic anemia (AA).MethodsIn our single‐center, retrospective analysis response rates (RRs) to ATG/CsA at a minimum of 6 mo were evaluated in 67 treatment‐naïve (TN) AA pts (52.2% (35/67) females; median age 45 y (range 18‐89 y)) being treated at the West German Cancer Center at the Department of Hematology at the University Hospital of Essen between April 2000 and December 2015.ResultsOverall 6 mo RRs in TN pts following ATG/CsA were 67.2% (45/67) (5‐year OS: 79.5%). In TN hATG‐treated pts 6 mo RRs were 75.5% (37/49) (5‐year OS: 81%) compared to 44.4% (8/18) (5‐year OS 73.5%) following rabbit ATG (rATG). Response to ATG/CsA was dependent of age, absolute reticulocyte count (ARC), and disease severity. Six mo RRs to salvage ATG/CsA in relapsed/refractory (R/R) pts were 37.5% (6/16).ConclusionOur data independently confirm the findings of previous studies that hATG/CsA is superior to rATG/CsA in TN pts. The lack of hATG availability should not result in abstaining it from an indicated ATG therapy, even though ATGAM® is not registered in Germany.
Genomic data provide new insights on the demographic history and the extent of recent material transfers in Norway spruce
Authors: Chen Jun , Li Lili , Milesi Pascal , Jansson Gunnar , Berlin Mats , Karlsson Bo , Aleksic Jelena , Vendramin Giovanni G. , Lascoux Martin 
Published: April 2019

AbstractPrimeval forests are today exceedingly rare in Europe, and transfer of forest reproductive material for afforestation and improvement has been very common, especially over the last two centuries. This can be a serious impediment when inferring past population movements in response to past climate changes such as the last glacial maximum (LGM), some 18,000 years ago. In the present study, we genotyped 1,672 individuals from three Picea species (P. abies, P. obovata, and P. omorika) at 400K SNPs using exome capture to infer the past demographic history of Norway spruce (P. abies) and estimate the amount of recent introduction used to establish the Norway spruce breeding program in southern Sweden. Most of these trees belong to P. abies and originate from the base populations of the Swedish breeding program. Others originate from populations across the natural ranges of the three species. Of the 1,499 individuals stemming from the breeding program, a large proportion corresponds to recent introductions from mainland Europe. The split of P. omorika occurred 23 million years ago (mya), while the divergence between P. obovata and P. abies began 17.6 mya. Demographic inferences retrieved the same main clusters within P. abies than previous studies, that is, a vast northern domain ranging from Norway to central Russia, where the species is progressively replaced by Siberian spruce (P. obovata) and two smaller domains, an Alpine domain and a Carpathian one, but also revealed further subdivision and gene flow among clusters. The three main domains divergence was ancient (15 mya), and all three went through a bottleneck corresponding to the LGM. Approximately 17% of P. abies Nordic domain migrated from P. obovata ~103K years ago, when both species had much larger effective population sizes. Our analysis of genomewide polymorphism data thus revealed the complex demographic history of Picea genus in Western Europe and highlighted the importance of material transfer in Swedish breeding program.
Salicylic acid treats acne vulgaris by suppressing AMPK/SREBP1 pathway in sebocytes
Authors: Lu Jin , Cong Tianxin , Wen Xiang , Li Xiaoxue , Du Dan , He Gu , Jiang Xian 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAcne vulgaris is a prevalent cutaneous disease characterized by a multifactorial pathogenic process including hyperseborrhea, inflammation, over‐keratinization of follicular keratinocytes and Propionibacterium acnes (P acnes) overgrowth. Salicylic acid (SA), a beta‐hydroxy acid, is frequently used in the treatment of acne. SA has been found to decrease skin lipids and to possess anti‐inflammatory properties. However, few studies have elucidated the mechanisms and pathways involved in such treatment of acne. In this study, we initially investigated the anti‐acne properties of SA in human SEB‐1 sebocytes. Treatment with SA decreased sebocyte lipogenesis by downregulating the adenosine monophosphate‐activated protein kinase (AMPK)/sterol response element‐binding protein‐1 (SREBP‐1) pathway and reduced inflammation by suppressing the NF‐κB pathway in these cells. Salicylic acid also decreased the cell viability of SEB‐1 by increasing apoptosis via the death signal receptor pathway. Subsequently, histopathological analysis of a rabbit ear acne model after application of SA for three weeks confirmed that SA suppressed the levels of cytokines and major pathogenic proteins around acne lesions, which supports the mechanisms suggested by our in vitro experiments. These results initially clarified that therapeutic activities of SA in acne vulgaris treatment could be associated with the regulation of SREBP‐1 pathway and NF‐κB pathway in human SEB‐1 sebocytes.
Characterizing lysine acetylation of Escherichia coli type II citrate synthase
Authors: Venkat Sumana , Chen Hao , McGuire Paige , Stahman Alleigh , Gan Qinglei , Fan Chenguang 
Published: April 2019

The citrate synthase (CS) catalyzes the first reaction of the tricarboxylic acid cycle, playing an important role in central metabolism. The acetylation of lysine residues in the Escherichia coli Type II CS has been identified at multiple sites by proteomic studies, but their effects remain unknown. In this study, we applied the genetic code expansion strategy to generate 10 site‐specifically acetylated CS variants which have been identified in nature. Enzyme assays and kinetic analyses showed that lysine acetylation could decrease the overall CS enzyme activity, largely due to the acetylation of K295 which impaired the binding of acetyl‐coenzyme A. Further genetic studies as well as in vitro acetylation and deacetylation assays were performed to explore the acetylation and deacetylation processes of the CS, which indicated that the CS could be acetylated by acetyl‐phosphate chemically, and be deacetylated by the CobB deacetylase.
Grazing intensity affects forage accumulation and persistence of Marandu palisadegrass in the Brazilian savannah
Authors: Euclides Valéria P. B. , Montagner Denise B. , Macedo Manuel Cláudio M. , de Araújo Alexandre R. , Difante Gelson S. , Barbosa Rodrigo A. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThis 3‐year study evaluated the effects of grazing intensity on herbage and steer responses in continuously stocked Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu pasture in the Brazilian savanna. Treatments consisted of three grazing intensity levels, characterized by canopy heights of 15, 30 and 45 cm, measured twice per week. Responses variables included tiller population density (TPD), herbage accumulation rate (HAR) and body weight gain per area (WGA). A decline in TPD (1,237 vs. 767 tillers/m2) was observed from the first to the third grazing years, which influenced the HAR from the first to the third years (90.1 vs. 52.4 kg ha−1 day−1). A marked decline in body WGA (541 vs. 276 kg ha−1 year−1) was observed along the three years in pastures managed at a height of 15 cm, indicating that this is an unstable condition for Marandu palisadegrass pasture. HAR was similar for pastures managed at 30 or 45 cm and was relatively stable during the experimental period, averaging 91.8 and 99.1 kg ha−1 day−1 respectively. Body WGA was similar and constant throughout the experimental period for pastures managed at 30 (596 kg ha−1 year−1) and 45 cm (566 kg ha−1 year−1). Maintaining continuously stocked Marandu palisadegrass pastures at a 15 cm canopy height should be avoided due to long‐term decreases in plant persistence and animal body WGA, particularly when soil P is below critical levels at pasture establishment and during pasture utilization.
Safety and Tolerability of Fremanezumab for the Prevention of Migraine: A Pooled Analysis of Phases 2b and 3 Clinical Trials
Authors: Silberstein Stephen D. , McAllister Peter , Ning Xiaoping , Faulhaber Nicola , Lang Nicole , Yeung Paul , Schiemann Jimmy , Aycardi Ernesto , Cohen Joshua M. , Janka Lindsay , Yang Ronghua 
Published: April 2019

ObjectivePresentation of pooled analysis of safety data for fremanezumab in patients with chronic (CM) or episodic migraine (EM) from 4 placebo‐controlled phase 2b and phase 3 studies.BackgroundThere is a need for an effective, safe, and well‐tolerated preventive therapy that specifically targets the pathophysiology of migraine to reduce the frequency and severity of migraine attacks in patients with CM or EM who experience 4 or more migraine days per month. Fremanezumab is a fully humanized monoclonal antibody that targets calcitonin gene‐related peptide, a neuropeptide involved in the pathophysiology of migraine.Design/MethodsThe 4 placebo‐controlled phases 2b and 3 studies included in this analysis were 16‐week, multicenter, randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, and parallel‐group studies consisting of a screening visit, a 28‐day pretreatment baseline period, and a 12‐week treatment period with a final evaluation 4 weeks after the final dose of the study drug. Safety endpoints included adverse events (AEs) and immunogenicity.ResultsA total of 2566 patients were randomized across all studies (fremanezumab, n = 1704; placebo, n = 862), and 2563 patients were treated. Common reasons for study discontinuation were withdrawal by patient (n = 78), patient lost to follow‐up (n = 60), and AE (n = 50). The mean (standard deviation) duration of exposure was 83.8 (13.6) days for the patients who received fremanezumab, with a total exposure of 390.4 patient years and maximum exposure of 181 days. AEs were mostly mild to moderate in severity and were reported among 48‐69% of patients in all treatment groups, and most were injection site reactions (pain, induration, and erythema). Two deaths occurred (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and intentional overdose of diphenhydramine), both of which were deemed unrelated to study drug by the investigators and sponsor. Cardiovascular adverse events, abnormal liver function tests, and hypersensitivity were uncommon and occurred at similar rates between the placebo and fremanezumab groups.ConclusionsFremanezumab is a generally safe and well‐tolerated preventive therapy for migraine in adults.
A Critical Plot Twist: Changing Characters and Foreshadowing the Future of Organizational Storytelling
Authors: Beigi Mina , Callahan Jamie , Michaelson Christopher 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThis review explores the evolution of scholarly research about organizational storytelling over the past 40 years in a sample of 165 papers published between 1975 and 2015. The authors contend that organizational storytelling has established a conventional foothold beside the dominant, scientific narrative of organization studies. Meanwhile, the voice of critical storytelling in organizations has emerged, confirming (and extending) five organizational storytelling themes identified by Rhodes and Brown: sensemaking (and subverting); communicating (and manipulating); change, learning (and challenge); power (and dissent); and identity and identification (and alienation). This review reveals the growing influence of critical management studies, emphasizing the role stories play in disrupting conventional narratives, enriching understanding of present and future storytelling in organizations, and of organizations in general.
Concepts of GPCR‐controlled navigation in the immune system
Authors: Lämmermann Tim , Kastenmüller Wolfgang 
Published: April 2019

SummaryG‐protein–coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling is essential for the spatiotemporal control of leukocyte dynamics during immune responses. For efficient navigation through mammalian tissues, most leukocyte types express more than one GPCR on their surface and sense a wide range of chemokines and chemoattractants, leading to basic forms of leukocyte movement (chemokinesis, haptokinesis, chemotaxis, haptotaxis, and chemorepulsion). How leukocytes integrate multiple GPCR signals and make directional decisions in lymphoid and inflamed tissues is still subject of intense research. Many of our concepts on GPCR‐controlled leukocyte navigation in the presence of multiple GPCR signals derive from in vitro chemotaxis studies and lower vertebrates. In this review, we refer to these concepts and critically contemplate their relevance for the directional movement of several leukocyte subsets (neutrophils, T cells, and dendritic cells) in the complexity of mouse tissues. We discuss how leukocyte navigation can be regulated at the level of only a single GPCR (surface expression, competitive antagonism, oligomerization, homologous desensitization, and receptor internalization) or multiple GPCRs (synergy, hierarchical and non‐hierarchical competition, sequential signaling, heterologous desensitization, and agonist scavenging). In particular, we will highlight recent advances in understanding GPCR‐controlled leukocyte navigation by intravital microscopy of immune cells in mice.
T cell and dendritic cell interactions in lymphoid organs: More than just being in the right place at the right time
Authors: Ugur Milas , Mueller Scott N. 
Published: April 2019

SummaryThe initiation of T lymphocyte responses within secondary lymphoid organs involves interactions with different subsets of dendritic cells (DCs). Recent studies have revealed the complexity of microanatomical organization within lymphoid organs. Exactly how T cells and DCs locate each other and the type of cellular interactions required for optimal priming of effector and memory T cell responses are beginning to be unraveled. Here we review advances in our understanding of how T cell priming is choreographed during infections, highlight the importance of cell positioning in this process and discuss how a spectrum of cellular interactions shapes T cell activation and differentiation.
Emotional indicators and anxiety levels of immigrant children who have been exposed to warfare
Authors: Celik Rukiye , Altay Naime , Yurttutan Selverhan , Toruner Ebru K. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractProblemLittle is known about the emotional reactions of children who have migrated to another country fleeing a war in their home.PurposeThis descriptive study was conducted to compare the emotional indicators and anxiety levels of Syrian children who have migrated to Turkey following the war with anxiety levels of Turkish children.MethodsThe study has been completed with 125 children who migrated from Syria and 168 children who are living in Turkey. The demographic data form, the Spielberger state and trait anxiety inventory (STAI) and Koppitz Draw‐A‐Person test were used for data collection.FindingsThe average ages of Syrian and Turkish children who participated in the study are 9.14 ± 1.11; 8.89 ± 0.76, respectively. Emotional indicators such as impulsivity, anxiety, and anger appear more frequently in Syrian children's drawings compared to the drawings of Turkish children. State anxiety scores were 47.44 ± 8.09 in Syrian children and 32.16 ± 10.46 in Turkish children. Trait anxiety scores were 49.08 ± 7.98 in Syrian children and 39.76 ± 8.58 in Turkish children. The STAI score of Syrian children was higher compared to the score of Turkish children.ConclusionsAnxiety scores of children who have migrated are significantly higher than those of children residing in their country of origin. The physical and psychological evaluation of children who have witnessed warfare and have migrated is an important nursing initiative.
Electrophysiological and clinical characteristics of catheter ablation for isolated left side atrial tachycardia over a 10‐year period
Authors: Vicera Jennifer J. B. , Lin Yenn‐Jiang , Lin Chin‐Yu , Lu Dai‐Yin , Chang Shih‐Lin , Lo Li‐Wei , Chung Fa‐Po , Chao Tze‐Fan , Hu Yu‐Feng , Tuan Ta‐Chuan , Liao Jo‐Nan , Chen Yun‐Yu , Sukardi Rubiana , Salim Simon , Wu Cheng‐I , Liu Chih‐Min , Hoang Quang‐Minh , Ba Vu Van , Huang Ting‐Chun , Chuang Chieh‐Mao , Chen Chun‐Chao , Chin Chye‐Gen , Kuo Ling , Chen Shih‐Ann 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAimsMost left atrial tachycardia (LAT) is associated with atrial fibrillation (AF). The clinical and electrophysiological characteristics and outcomes of LAT without AF have not been investigated. This study sought to determine the long‐term ablation outcomes and predictors of recurrence of isolated LAT.MethodsThis is a single‐center study of consecutive patients with isolated LAT. Atrial arrhythmia recurrence was determined from follow‐up records of patients who underwent LAT ablation from 2008 to 2017. Clinical and electrophysiologic characteristics associated with atrial arrhythmia recurrence were identified.ResultsA total of 50 patients (53 ± 19 years, 46% male) with 59 LAT (1.16 ± 0.47 per patient) were enrolled. Over a mean follow‐up of 37 ± 33 months, atrial arrhythmia recurrence occurred in 22 (44%) patients, 11 with atrial tachycardia (AT) only, five with AF only, and six with concurrent AT and AF. The incidence of pulmonary vein (PV) origins increased significantly in the repeat procedure (P = 0.036). Multivariate analysis identified left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) as the only predictor of any atrial arrhythmia recurrence and LAT recurrence, while smoking and identified macroreentrant LAT in the index procedure predicted AF recurrence.ConclusionThis study demonstrated a higher rate of atrial arrhythmia recurrence, including AF, among patients with initially isolated LAT. A lower LVEF predicted any atrial arrhythmia and LAT recurrence, whereas smoking and index macroreentrant AT mechanism predicted long‐term AF. PV ATs were frequently observed in recurrent patients irrespective of index procedure origin.
Predictors of successful complex catheter ablation for persistent atrial fibrillation despite failure of targeted procedural arrhythmia termination
Authors: Spittler Raphael , Bahlke Fabian , Hoffmann Boris A. , Theis Cathrin , Mollnau Hanke , Marx Alexandra , Ocete Blanca Quesada , Ilioska Pamela , Lange Björn , Konrad Torsten , Rostock Thomas 
Published: April 2019

AbstractIntroductionProcedural atrial fibrillation (AF) termination is considered as a predictor of long‐term success after catheter ablation for persistent AF (persAF). However, some patients remain free of arrhythmia recurrences despite failure to achieve AF termination. The objective of this study was to assess long‐term outcome and prognostic factors in patients undergoing complex ablation without procedural AF termination.Methods and ResultsThis study comprised 419 patients (63.8 ± 10.2 years, 63.4% male) undergoing complex ablation for persAF. Patients without procedural AF termination (n = 137, 64.2 ± 9.7 years, 63.5% male) were categorized into patients who remained in sinus rhythm (SR) in long‐term outcome (SR‐group) and patients with recurrence of AF or atrial tachycardia (AT) (AR‐group). During a follow‐up (FU) of 19.6 ± 14.6 months, the SR‐group consisted of 65 (47.5%) and the AR‐group of 69 (50.4%) patients. Three patients (2.2%) were lost to FU. Left atrial appendage (LAA) flow velocity and left atrium volume index (LAVI) could be identified as predictors for long‐term success. LAA flow velocity and baseline AF cycle length (AFCL) were significantly associated with the type of arrhythmia recurrence (AF vs AT), ie, higher values of both are predictive for AT rather than AF recurrences. Patients with a LAVI < 34.4 mL/m² and significant AFCL increase during the ablation procedure had rather AT than AF recurrences.ConclusionPatients with an arrhythmia‐free outcome despite failure of procedural AF termination during complex ablation for persAF are characterized by specific morphological and functional properties that are easy to obtain.