bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Polyhedral Cu2O Crystals for Diverse Aryl Alkyne Hydroboration Reactions
Authors: Tsai Hsin‐Yi , Madasu Mahesh , Huang Michael H. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractCu2O cubes, octahedra, and rhombic dodecahedra have been used to examine facet‐dependent catalytic activity in aryl alkyne hydroboration reactions. Although the reaction can proceed by using ethanol or other alcohols as solvent, the use of 1,4‐dioxane gave the best product yield. All particle shapes gave exclusively the E‐product, but the rhombic dodecahedra exposing {110} surfaces were consistently far more reactive than the other particle morphologies. A product yield of 99 % was achieved by using Cu2O rhombic dodecahedra to catalyze the hydroboration of phenylacetylene at 60 °C for 5 h. The rhombic dodecahedra have been shown to catalyze a variety of substituted aryl alkynes, which demonstrates their potential as a versatile catalyst.
Decentralized executions of privacy awareness data analytics workflows in the cloud
Authors: Yao Yan , Cao Jian , Qian Shiyou , Feng Shanshan 
Published: October 2018

SummaryNowadays, with the development of cloud computing technology, an increasing number of enterprises or organizations have migrated applications to the cloud environment. Because of privacy concerns, a company may store sensitive data on a local server or a private cloud. As a result, the data analytics tasks have to be performed only in the local environment even when the analysis results will be shared to the outside. In this paper, we design a decentralized workflow system to speed up the execution of a Privacy‐Awareness Data Analytics application (PADA). Specifically, a workflow system with actor layer and engine layer for distributed execution of PADA proposed. The actors are responsible for performing actual data analysis tasks on the data side while the engines are deployed into different regions of the public cloud and communicate with actors to execute the whole workflow. Since engines in different regions have different communication latencies when invoking an actor, the optimization engine deployment scheme should be found to minimize the total execution time of a PADA. A path search‐based heuristic algorithm is designed to select suitable cloud regions to place the engines in the public cloud. The experimental results indicate that the proposed algorithm is effective in reducing application makespan.
Effect of storage time and temperature on cell cycle analysis by mass cytometry
Authors: Devine Raymond D. , Sekhri Palak , Behbehani Gregory K. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractCell cycle analysis is a recognized and important application of flow cytometry and, more recently, mass cytometry (MCM). Both technologies have been utilized for analysis of the cell cycle state of ex vivo samples from patients with hematologic malignancies. Clinical samples are frequently stored for hours at room temperature or cryogenically frozen before processing and analysis; however, how these processing methods alter cell cycle state is not well described. To understand how storage time and temperature affect the analysis of cell cycle distribution by MCM, two leukemia cell lines, HL‐60 and MOLM13, and primary human cells from three human bone marrow aspirates were stored and frozen under a variety of conditions that are likely to be encountered in a clinical setting. Our findings indicate that short delays in sample processing (less than 1 h), have little to no effect on cell cycle distribution, while longer delays or cryopreservation cause significant disruptions to the cell cycle fraction characterized by consistent reductions in IdU incorporation and variable alterations in other cell cycle phases. Analysis of the recovery of cryopreserved leukemia cell lines and marrow cells demonstrated that cell cycle alterations persist for at least 48 h after thawing. Our findings demonstrate that accurate cell cycle analysis requires that samples be processed rapidly after collection, and that cryopreservation significantly alters cell cycle fractions. Measurement of IdU incorporation was the most sensitive to both delays in processing and cryopreservation, while estimation of the total cycling cell fraction using Ki‐67 or phosphorylated retinoblastoma protein were least altered by the conditions tested. These findings provide guidance for the ideal approach to collection of samples for cell cycle analysis and can aid interpretation of cell cycle data from samples that cannot be collected under ideal circumstances. © 2018 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
Studies on the in vivo metabolism of the SARM YK11: Identification and characterization of metabolites potentially useful for doping controls
Authors: Piper Thomas , Dib Josef , Putz Marlen , Fusshöller Gregor , Pop Valentin , Lagojda Andreas , Kuehne Dirk , Geyer Hans , Schänzer Wilhelm , Thevis Mario 
Published: October 2018

AbstractA steroidal compound was recently detected in a seized black market product and was identified as (17α,20E)‐17,20‐[(1‐methoxyethylidene) bis (oxy)]‐3‐oxo‐19‐norpregna‐4,20‐diene‐21‐carboxylic acid methyl ester (YK11). This compound is described to possess selective androgen receptor modulator‐ and myostatin inhibitor‐like properties. As YK11 is an experimental drug candidate and a non‐approved substance for humans, scientific data on its metabolism is scarce. Due to its steroidal backbone and the arguably labile orthoester‐derived moiety positioned at the D‐ring, substantial metabolic conversion in vivo was anticipated. To unambiguously detect urinary metabolites of YK11, an elimination study with six‐fold deuterated YK11 was conducted. Post‐administration specimens were analyzed using hydrogen isotope ratio mass spectrometry coupled to single quadrupole mass spectrometry to identify metabolites alongside basic mass spectrometric data. Further characterization of those metabolites relevant to sports drug testing was accomplished using gas chromatography–high resolution‐high accuracy mass spectrometry. Fourteen deuterated urinary metabolites were detected comprising unconjugated, glucuronidated, and sulfoconjugated metabolites. As expected, no intact YK11 was observed in the elimination study urine samples. While the unconjugated metabolites disappeared within 24 hours post‐administration, both glucuronidated and sulfated metabolites were traceable for more than 48 hours. The chemical structures of the two most promising glucuronidated metabolites (5β‐19‐nor‐pregnane‐3α,17β,20‐triol and 5β‐19‐nor‐pregnane‐3α,17β‐diol‐20‐one) were verified by in‐house synthesis of both metabolites and confirmed by nuclear magnetic resonance analysis. In order to elucidate their potential in sports drug testing, both were successfully implemented into the currently applied analytical method for the detection of anabolic agents.
Detection of non‐small cell lung cancer cells based on microfluidic polarization microscopic image analysis
Authors: Wang Yanjuan , Wang Junsheng , Meng Jie , Ding Gege , Shi Zhi , Wang Ruoyu , Zhang Xiaohui 
Published: October 2018

AbstractIn early diagnosis of lung cancer, a polarization microscopy is a powerful tool to obtain the optical information of biological tissues. In this paper, a new microfluidic polarization imaging and analysis method was proposed for the detection and classification of cancer‐associated fibroblasts and the two kinds of non‐small cell lung cancer cells, A549 and H322. A polarizing microscopy system was constructed based on a commercial microscope to obtain 3*3 Mueller matrix of cells. Based on the Muller matrix decomposition algorithm and analysis in spatial domain and frequency domain, appropriate classification parameters were selected for the characterization of different polarization characteristics of cells. Finally, the logistic regression models based on machine learning were applied to determine optimal feature parameters and classify cells. This method integrated the morphological information of the cells, and the polarization characteristics of the cells in different polarization states. It is for the first time that the polarization microscopic image analysis method has been applied to the detection and classification of non‐small cell lung cancer cells. The results show that the presented microfluidic polarization microscopic image analysis method could classify cells effectively. Compared with the Muller matrix measurement and calculation methods, the method proposed in this paper was greatly simplified in both the acquisition of polarized images and the analysis and processing of polarized images.
Enforced microglial depletion and repopulation as a promising strategy for the treatment of neurological disorders
Authors: Han Jinming , Zhu Keying , Zhang Xing‐Mei , Harris Robert A. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractMicroglia are prominent immune cells in the central nervous system (CNS) and are critical players in both neurological development and homeostasis, and in neurological diseases when dysfunctional. Our previous understanding of the phenotypes and functions of microglia has been greatly extended by a dearth of recent investigations. Distinct genetically defined subsets of microglia are now recognized to perform their own independent functions in specific conditions. The molecular profiling of single microglial cells indicates extensively heterogeneous reactions in different neurological disorders, resulting in multiple potentials for crosstalk with other kinds of CNS cells such as astrocytes and neurons. In settings of neurological diseases it could thus be prudent to establish effective cell‐based therapies by targeting entire microglial networks. Notably, activated microglial depletion through genetic targeting or pharmacological therapies within a suitable time window can stimulate replenishment of the CNS niche with new microglia. Additionally, enforced repopulation through provision of replacement cells also represents a potential means of exchanging dysfunctional with functional microglia. In each setting the newly repopulated microglia might have the potential to resolve ongoing neuroinflammation. In this review, we aim to summarize the most recent knowledge of microglia and to highlight microglial depletion and subsequent repopulation as a promising cell replacement therapy. Although glial cell replacement therapy is still in its infancy and future translational studies are still required, the approach is scientifically sound and provides new optimism for managing the neurotoxicity and neuroinflammation induced by activated microglia.
Assessing determinants of health care prepayment in China: Economic growth or government willingness? New evidence from the continuous wavelet analysis
Authors: Zhang Ying , Wang Rui , Yao Xinyi 
Published: October 2018

SummarySignificant prepayment of health care is a crucial factor to ensure that all individuals have access to effective health services at affordable prices. The research questions we address here are as follows: What role does economic growth play in changing the level of health care prepayment? Does government's willingness to spend more on health mean higher prepayment rates in the health financing system? What are their dynamic relationships? These questions are addressed in China over the 1978 to 2014 period by employing the continuous wavelet analysis. We focus in particular on their correlations and lead‐lag relationships across different frequency bands. Our findings clearly show that overall government willingness has a positive effect on health care prepayment level, while the impact of economic growth varies in the time‐frequency domain. This variation could be demonstrated in 1980 to 1998, when the positive correlation between economic growth and health care prepayment level in the short term turned negative in the medium and long term, which indicated that China could not achieve mutual development of economic growth and social welfare within the market‐oriented health system. Notably, the time‐varying analysis indicates that China's new round of medical system reform since 2006 plays an important role in changing the correlations and lead‐lag relationships. In particular, health care prepayment tended to lead government willingness during the 2006 to 2012 period since the increase of health subsidies and expenditures strengthened government responsibility over the health sector, and there existed a persistent mutual stimulation between economic growth and health care prepayment level across all frequency bands along with the reform.
Profiles of executive functions and social skills in the transition to school: A person‐centred approach
Authors: Martarelli Corinna S. , Feurer Emanuel , Dapp Laura C. , Roebers Claudia M. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractWhether a child is ready for school is of interest for different parties involved. With a person‐centred approach, the present study examined 123 kindergarteners (59 girls, 64 boys) regarding their early executive functions and social skills profiles. Children were 6–7 years of age at the first measurement point (M = 6; 6, SD = 4.22, range = 5; 8–7; 8). One year later, at the end of first grade, they were 7–8‐years old (M = 7; 6, SD = 4.11, range = 6; 9–8; 8). Four different profiles were identified. The profiles did not differ on demographic dimensions or socioeconomic status but appeared to be related to academic achievement and school adjustment at the end of the first grade 1 year later. Profiles with high executive functions showed the greatest predictive validity, independent of their social skills. However, greater social skills seemed to serve as a compensator in the profile with lower executive functions. The resulting profiles have theoretical and practical relevance, when discussing the question what a child needs to be “ready” for school.Highlights

A person‐centered approach to children's school readiness with 123 kindergarteners.
Low executive functions can partially be compensated with high social skills. This compensation was stronger for school adjustment than for academic achievement.
Cognitive and social aspects of a child's development should be considered by teachers and practitioners.
Meta‐analysis of the association between chromosomal polymorphisms and outcomes of embryo transfer following in vitro fertilization and/or intracytoplasmic sperm injection
Authors: Ou Zhanhui , Yin Minna , Chen Zhiheng , Sun Ling 
Published: October 2018

AbstractBackgroundThe outcomes of in vitro fertilization and/or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF/ICSI) are contradictory among individuals with chromosomal polymorphisms.ObjectivesTo assess whether chromosomal polymorphisms affect the outcomes of assisted reproductive technologies.Search strategyFour online databases were searched from inception to September 18, 2017, using terms including “chromosomal polymorphisms” and “In vitro fertilization.”Selection criteriaThe meta‐analysis included studies published in any language on IVF/ICSI outcomes in relation to male and/or female chromosomal polymorphisms (n=8).Data collection and analysisData were extracted using a predesigned form. The IVF/ICSI outcomes were then pooled and their heterogeneity assessed.Main resultsMale chromosomal polymorphisms showed lowered values for fertilization rate (odds ratio [OR] 1.29, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.09–1.54; P=0.004); cleavage rate (OR 2.65, 95% CI 1.88–3.72; P<0.001); good quality embryos rate (OR 1.26, 95% CI 1.15–1.39; P<0.001); and live birth rate (OR 1.42, 95% CI 1.10–1.83; P=0.007). By contrast, early spontaneous abortion rate, clinical pregnancy rate, and ongoing pregnancy rate were not affected in this group. No relationship was found between IVF/ICSI outcomes and female chromosomal polymorphisms.ConclusionsMale, but not female, chromosomal polymorphisms were associated with lowered values for some outcomes of IVF/ICSI.
17‐allylamino‐17‐demethoxygeldanamycin impeded chemotherapy through antioxidant activation via reducing reactive oxygen species‐induced cell death
Authors: Li Yueqi , Chen Yiyang , Qiu Cen , Ma Xiaoying , Lei Kecheng , Cai Guoxiang , Liang Xin , Liu Jianwen 
Published: October 2018

AbstractHyperthermia enhances the anticancer effects of thymidylate synthase (TYMS) inhibitors (raltitrexed, RTX) and improves the precise biochemical mechanisms partially through enhancement of intracellular drug absorption. Recent research focuses on the potential anticancer drug target Heat Shock Protein 90 (HSP90), which could increase the sensitivity of cancer cells to TYMS inhibitors; however, with different HSP90 inhibitors, several research studies finally showed a poor efficacy in preclinical or clinical research. Here, we showed that 17‐allylamino‐17‐demethoxygeldanamycin (17‐AAG, HSP90 inhibitor) affects the efficacy of chemotherapy through antioxidant activation–induced resistance. In this study, we found that RTX, alone or in combination with hyperthermia, triggers reactive oxygen species (ROS) exposure and thus induces cell death. Also, the addition of hyperthermia showed more ROS exposure and function. The pharmacologic inhibition of HSP90 reversed the effects of chemotherapeutical treatments, while the overexpression of HSP90 showed no relation with these effects, which demonstrated that dysregulation of HSP90 might have a significant impact on chemotherapeutic treatments. The addition of 17‐AAG increased the activation of antioxidant with increased antioxidant enzymes, thus affecting the RTX efficacy.
Retracted: Long noncoding RNA TALNEC2 plays an oncogenic role in breast cancer by binding to EZH2 to target p57KIP2 and involving in p‐p38 MAPK and NF‐κB pathways
Authors: Qiao Enqi , Chen Daobao , Li Qinglin , Feng Weiliang , Yu Xingfei , Zhang Xiping , Xia Liang , Jin Ju , Yang Hongjian 
Published: October 2018

AbstractWe aimed to investigate the potential role and regulatory mechanism of long noncoding RNA tumor‐associated lncRNA expressed in chromosome 2 (TALNEC2) in breast cancer. The expression of TALNEC2 in breast cancer tissues and cells were investigated. MCF‐7 and MDA‐MB‐231 cells were transfected with small interfering RNA (siRNA) duplexes for targeting TALNEC2 (si‐TALNEC2), enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2; si‐EZH2) and p57KIP2 (si‐p57
KIP2), and their corresponding controls (si‐NC). The viability, colony forming ability, cell cycle, apoptosis, and autophagy of transfected cells were assessed. The expressions of p‐p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear factor κB (NF‐κB) pathway‐related proteins were investigated. The results showed that TALNEC2 was highly expressed in breast cancer tissues and cells. Knockdown of TALNEC2 significantly inhibited the malignant behaviors of MCF‐7 and MDA‐MB‐231 cells, including inhibiting cell viability and colony forming, arresting cell cycle at G0/G1 phase, inducing cell apoptosis, and promoting cell autophagy. EZH2 was a TALNEC2 binding protein, which was upregulated in breast cancer tissues and cells and could negatively regulate p57
KIP2. Effects of TALNEC2 knockdown on malignant behaviors of MCF‐7 cells were reversed by p57
KIP2 knockdown. The expressions of p‐p38, RelA, and RelB in MCF‐7 cells were decreased after knockdown of TALNEC2 or EZH2, which were reversed by knockdown of p57
KIP2 concurrently. In conclusion, TALNEC2 may play an oncogenic role in breast cancer by binding to EZH2 to target p57
KIP2. Activation of p‐p38 MAPK and NF‐κB pathways may be key mechanisms mediating the oncogenic role of TALNEC2 in breast cancer. TALNEC2 may serve as a promising target in the therapy of breast cancer.
JH‐4 reduces HMGB1‐mediated septic responses and improves survival rate in septic mice
Authors: Lee Wonhwa , Yuseok O , Yang Sumin , Lee Bong‐Seon , Lee Jee‐Hyun , Park Eui Kyun , Baek Moon‐Chang , Song Gyu‐Yong , Bae Jong‐Sup 
Published: October 2018

AbstractInhibition of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) and restoration of endothelial integrity are emerging as attractive therapeutic strategies for the management of severe vascular inflammatory diseases. Recently, we found that JH‐4, a synthesized decursin derivative, exhibited a strong anti‐Hutchinson‐Gilford progeria syndrome by efficiently blocking progerin‐lamin A/C binding. In this study, we examined the effects of JH‐4 on HMGB1‐mediated septic responses and the survival rate in a mouse sepsis model. The anti‐inflammatory activities of JH‐4 were monitored based on its effects on lipopolysaccharide‐ or cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)‐mediated release of HMGB1. The antiseptic activities of JH‐4 were determined by measuring permeability, leukocyte adhesion, migration, and the activation of proinflammatory proteins in HMGB1‐activated human umbilical vein endothelial cells and mice. JH‐4 inhibited the release of HMGB1 and downregulated HMGB1‐dependent inflammatory responses in human endothelial cells. JH‐4 also inhibited HMGB1‐mediated hyperpermeability and leukocyte migration in mice. In addition, treatment with JH‐4 reduced CLP‐induced release of HMGB1, sepsis‐related mortality, and pulmonary injury in vivo. Our results indicate that JH‐4 is a possible therapeutic agent to treat various severe vascular inflammatory diseases via the inhibition of the HMGB1 signaling pathway.
Improved angiogenic activity of endothelial progenitor cell in diabetic patients treated with insulin plus metformin
Authors: Asadian Simin , Alibabrdel Mahdi , Daei Nazanin , Cheraghi Hadi , Maedeh Jafari Seyedeh , Noshadirad Elnaz , Jabarpour Masoome , Siavashi Vahid , Nassiri Seyed Mahdi 
Published: October 2018

AbstractType 2 diabetes (T2DM) is associated with an increased vascular disease. Moreover, endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) function is impaired in diabetic patients. Decreased EPC number plays a critical role in reduced endothelial repair and development of the vascular disorder. To determine the effect of metformin and insulin plus metformin on functional activity of EPCs, 130 participants were divided into three groups (group 1: healthy control; group 2: metformin; group 3: insulin plus metformin). The concentration of EPCs in the circulation was first quantified. Thereafter, circulating EPCs (cEPCs) were harvested and the biological features of these cells including proliferative, clonogenicity, tubulogenic, and migratory properties were analyzed after expansion. The serum protein levels of some proangiogenic factors were also measured. Our results showed greater numbers of cEPCs in control and in diabetic patients treated with insulin plus metformin than in metformin‐treated patients. Insulin plus metformin therapy was associated with augmented proliferative, clonogenicity, migratory, and tubulogenic activity of cEPCs in patients with T2DM. Increased serum concentrations of angiogenic factors were also observed in patients treated with insulin plus metformin. Western blot analysis showed increased protein levels of pTie‐2/Tie2 and Pakt/AKT in cEPCs harvested from T2DM, treated with insulin metformin plus. This study showed that treatment with insulin plus metformin in diabetic patients is associated with increased mobilization of EPCs into the circulation, with potential beneficial effect in vascular protection in diabetic patients.
Tumor‐derived exosomal microRNAs and proteins as modulators of macrophage function
Authors: Moradi‐Chaleshtori Maryam , Hashemi Seyed Mahmoud , Soudi Sara , Bandehpour Mojgan , Mohammadi‐Yeganeh Samira 
Published: October 2018

AbstractTumor cells are able to modify their surrounding microenvironment by transmitting bioactive molecules via exosomes. In exosomes, proteins and nucleic acids that can be taken up by surrounding cells have been identified and modulate their functions. Tumor microenvironment consists of different cells such as macrophages. Tumors‐associated macrophages (TAMs) express M2 phenotype and affect many processes including tumor initiation, angiogenesis, and metastasis. It has been demonstrated that a high number of TAMs is associated with poor prognosis of cancers. The contents of tumor‐derived exosomes such as microRNAs and proteins induce macrophages to M2‐like polarization to support tumor growth. Herein, we review the most recent studies on the effect of tumor‐derived exosomes on macrophage polarization and function in different types of cancers.