bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Height prediction of individuals with osteogenesis imperfecta by machine learning
Authors: Yang Hongjiang , Zhu Wenbiao , Li Bo , Wang Hao , Xing Cong , Xiong Yang , Ren Xiuzhi , Ning Guangzhi 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a genetic disorder characterized by low bone mass, bone fragility and short stature. There is a significant gap in knowledge regarding the growth patterns across different types of OI, and the prediction of height in individuals with OI was not adequately addressed. In this study, we described the growth patterns and predicted the height of individuals with OI employing multiple machine learning (ML) models. Accurate height prediction enables effective monitoring and facilitates the development of personalized intervention plans for managing OI.

Method
This study included cross-sectional data for 323 participants with OI, and the median height Z-score for OI types I, III and IV were − 0.62 (-5.93 ~ 3.24), -3.97 (-10.44 ~ -0.02) and − 1.64 (-6.67 ~ 2.44), respectively. Based on the cross-sectional data of participants, the height curves across different gender and OI types were plotted and compared. Subsequently, feature selection techniques, specifically the filter and wrapper methods, were employed to identify predictive factors for the height of participants. Finally, multiple machine learning (ML) models were constructed for height prediction, and the performance of each model was systematically evaluated.

Results
The analysis of height curves revealed that male with OI are significantly taller than female with OI from the age of 14 (p = 0.045), individuals with OI type III are statistically shorter than those with OI types I and IV starting from 3 years old (p = 0.006), and those with OI type IV are statistically shorter than those with OI type I from the age of 10 (p = 0.028). The application of filter and wrapper methods identified gender (p = 0.001), age (p < 0.001), Sillence types (p = 0.007), weight Z-score (p < 0.001) and aBMD Z-score (p = 0.021) as significant predictive factors for height. The optimal performance of predictive models was registered by gradient boosting classifier (GB) (bias = 5.783, accuracy = 92.59%, R2 = 0.828), random forest (RF) (bias = 6.155, accuracy = 90.12%, R2 = 0.788), ensemble machine learning (EML) (bias = 6.250, accuracy = 91.36%, R2 = 0.825) and deep neuron networks (DNNs) (bias = 6.223, accuracy = 90.12%, R2 = 0.821).

Conclusion
This study analyzed a large cohort of individuals with OI and provided detailed height patterns across different gender and OI types that are crucial for assessing overall growth. Gender, age, Sillence types, weight Z-score and aBMD Z-score were identified as predictive factors for height. The predictive models of GB, RF, EML and DNNs had higher accuracy to evaluate the height of individuals with OI. This study allows guardians and physicians to timely monitor the height parameters, and facilitate the creation of personalized intervention schedules tailored to the needs of individuals with OI.
Failed oral immunotherapy should be considered as a risk factor for fatal anaphylaxis, and omalizumab treatment considered
Authors: Nicolardi Francesca , Corona Federica , Badina Laura , Berti Irene , Barbi Egidio 
Published: November 2024

AbstractOral immunotherapy is proposed as the only active intervention to modify allergies and decrease the risk of severe reactions. However, it is crucial to note that oral immunotherapy still presents a notable failure rate and potential for severe, life-threatening outcomes. Notably, patients who discontinue oral immunotherapy may face an increased risk of fatal reactions. Omalizumab could be a viable option for patients with failed oral immunotherapy.
Tele-support in breastfeeding: position statement of the Italian society of Neonatology
Authors: Davanzo Riccardo , Bettinelli Maria Enrica , Baldassarre Mariella , Mondello Isabella , Soldi Antonella , Perugi Silvia , Giannì Maria Lorella , Colombo Lorenzo , Salvatori Guglielmo , Travan Laura , Giordano Giuseppe ,   Breastfeeding Section of the Italian Society of Neonatology
Published: November 2024

AbstractTele-support in breastfeeding can be defined as any support provided by a service that connects health workers and/or lactation consultants with breastfeeding parents through video visits, although a telephone contact with the breastfeeding mother remains the first method of remote breastfeeding support. The tele-support in breastfeeding has increased significantly during the SARS-CoV2 pandemic worldwide and, given its effectiveness, may be maintained also after the pandemic. The Italian Society of Neonatology on the basis of: 1) two focus group studies on the tele-support in breastfeeding conducted in Italy with 11 Neonatal Intensive Care Unit nurses and 10 neonatologists, respectively, 2) a national survey on tele-support in breastfeeding addressing the Italian Neonatal Intensive Care Units, and 3) a review of the available experiences and literature, has provided a Position Statement, limitedly to the individual tele-support in breastfeeding. The Italian Society of Neonatology states that: 1) the tele-support in breastfeeding can be used when a consultation in person is not shortly available and may allow to select those situations that require an in-person visit; 2) the organization of a tele-support in breastfeeding session requires the use of a competent, dedicated healthcare staff (specifically trained and/or with adequate experience) and an appropriate methodology while preparing, running and concluding the support session. According to Italian Society of Neonatology the tele-support in breastfeeding may be an effective intervention to promote breastfeeding as a complementary method to the in-person assistance and should be possibly provided in an integrated manner by the Community Health Services and the Maternity Hospital.
Changes in lipid abundance are associated with disease progression and treatment response in chronic Trypanosoma cruzi infection
Authors: Gabaldón-Figueira Juan Carlos , Ros-Lucas Albert , Martínez-Peinado Nieves , Blackburn Gavin , Losada-Galvan Irene , Posada Elizabeth , Ballart Cristina , Escabia Elisa , Capellades Jordi , Yanes Oscar , Pinazo María-Jesús , Gascón Joaquim , Alonso-Padilla Julio 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
Chagas disease, caused by the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, is a zoonosis that affects more than seven million people. Current limitations on the diagnosis of the disease hinder the prognosis of patients and the evaluation of treatment efficacy, slowing the development of new therapeutic options. The infection is known to disrupt several host metabolic pathways, providing an opportunity for the identification of biomarkers.

Methods
The metabolomic and lipidomic profiles of a cohort of symptomatic and asymptomatic patients with T. cruzi infection and a group of uninfected controls were analysed using liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. Differences among all groups and changes before and after receiving anti-parasitic treatment across those with T. cruzi infection were explored.

Results
Three lipids were found to differentiate between symptomatic and asymptomatic participants: 10-hydroxydecanoic acid and phosphatidylethanolamines PE(18:0/20:4) and PE(18:1/20:4). Additionally, sphinganine, 4-hydroxysphinganine, hexadecasphinganine, and other sphingolipids showed post-treatment abundance similar to that in non-infected controls.

Conclusions
These molecules hold promise as potentially useful biomarkers for monitoring disease progression and treatment response in patients with chronic T. cruzi infection.

Graphical Abstract
Retrospective investigation of porcine circoviruses in cases of porcine dermatitis and nephropathy syndrome
Authors: Cobos Àlex , Domingo Mariano , Pérez Mónica , Huerta Eva , Llorens Anna , Segalés Joaquim , Sibila Marina 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPorcine dermatitis and nephropathy syndrome (PDNS) is a severe condition that affects mainly growing pigs and is considered to be caused by a type III hypersensitivity reaction. Although porcine circovirus 2 (PCV-2) is the antigen linked to this condition, porcine circovirus 3 (PCV-3) has also been proposed to be causally associated with PDNS. Moreover, the initial description of porcine circovirus 4 (PCV-4) also related this novel agent to this clinicopathological entity. Therefore, this retrospective study included a large number of PDNS cases (n = 102) fulfilling specific histologic criteria in search of known porcine circoviruses (PCV-1 to PCV-4) by conventional and/or quantitative PCR (qPCR). All the samples were subjected to PCV-2 immunohistochemistry (IHC) or conventional in situ hybridization (C-ISH), and RNAscope® (R-ISH) was used to study PCV-2 and PCV-3 localization in a subset of the samples. All PDNS cases were PCV-2 positive by qPCR, while 30 of them (29.4%) yielded PCV-3 qPCR positivity; PCV-2 viral loads were significantly greater than PCV-3 viral loads. All animals were negative for PCV-1 and PCV-4. By C-ISH/IHC, 63 cases (61.8%) were positive for PCV-2, with low to moderate amounts of antigen. R-ISH demonstrated higher sensitivity, as all studied cases were positive; however, neither PCV-2 nor PCV-3 were consistently found within characteristic PDNS lesions. These results indicate that all PDNS-affected pigs were infected with PCV-2, emphasizing the likelihood that this viral antigen is causally linked to this condition. In contrast, no evidence of the association of PCV-1, PCV-3 or PCV-4 with PDNS was found.
Validation of a prognostic blood-based sphingolipid panel for men with localized prostate cancer followed on active surveillance
Authors: Gregg Justin R. , Newcomb Lisa , Wu Ranran , Dennison Jennifer , Davis John W. , Pettaway Curtis , Pisters Louis , Ward John F. , Chapin Brian F. , Chéry Lisly , Urkmez Ahmet , Fang Andrew M. , Higgason Noel , Troncoso Patricia , Daniel Carrie R. , Logothetis Christopher , Thompson Timothy C. , Hahn Andrew W. , Liu Menghan , Zheng Yingye , Lin Dan W. , Hanash Samir , Irajizad Ehsan , Fahrmann Johannes 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
We previously reported that increases in circulating sphingolipids are associated with elevated risk of biopsy Gleason grade group (GG) upgrading in men on Active Surveillance (AS) for prostate cancer. Here, we aimed to validate these findings and establish a blood-based sphingolipid biomarker panel for identifying men on AS who are at high-risk of biopsy GG upgrading.

Methods
Men diagnosed with low- or intermediate-risk prostate cancer in one of two AS cohorts (CANARY PASS and MDACC) were followed for GG upgrading after diagnostic and confirmatory biopsy. The PASS cohort consisted of 544 patients whereas the MDACC Cohort consisted of 697 patients. The number of patients with GG upgrading during course of study follow-up in the PASS and MDACC cohorts were 98 (17.7%) and 133 (19.1%), respectively. Plasmas collected prior to confirmatory biopsy were used for mass spectrometry-based quantitation of 87 unique sphingolipid species. A neural network layer based on 21 sphingolipids was developed in the CANARY PASS cohort for predicting biopsy GG upgrading. Tertile-based thresholds for low-, intermediate-, and high-risk strata were subsequently developed for the sphingolipid panel as well as a model that combined the sphingolipid panel with PSA density and rate of core positivity on diagnostic biopsy. The resultant models and risk thresholds for GG upgrading were validated in the MDACC cohort. Performance was assessed using Cox proportional hazard models, C-index, AUC, and cumulative incidence curves.

Results
The sphingolipid panel had a HR (per unit standard deviation increase) of 1.36 (95% CI: 1.07–1.70) and 1.35 (95% CI: 1.11–1.64) for predicting GG biopsy upgrading in the PASS and MDACC cohort, respectively. The model that combined the sphingolipid panel with PSA density and rate of core positivity achieved a HR of 1.63 (95% CI: 1.33-2.00) and 1.44 (1.25–1.66), respectively. Tertile-based thresholds, established in the PASS cohort, were applied to the independent MDACC cohort. Compared to the low-risk group, MDACC patients in the high-risk strata had a GG biopsy upgrade HR of 3.65 (95% CI: 2.21–6.02), capturing 50% of the patients that had biopsy upgrading during study follow-up.

Conclusions
The sphingolipid panel is independently associated with GG biopsy upgrading among men in two independent AS cohorts who have previously undergone diagnostic and confirmatory biopsy. The sphingolipid panel, together with clinical factors, provides a potential means for risk stratification to better guide clinical management of men on AS.
Adult supratentorial peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor with multiple metastases: a case report and literature review
Authors: Cheng Dejing , Yang Siyuan , Qi Zhenyu , Ji Chengyuan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
Intracranial primitive neuroectodermal tumors (PNETs) are characterized by poorly differentiated, highly malignant, aggressive small round tumor cells originating from the central and peripheral nervous systems.

Case presentation
A 25-year-old Chinese woman experienced sudden onset headache, vomiting, and severe anemia. Imaging examinations revealed a mass in the left parietal occipital lobe. Following microsurgery, histological confirmation revealed the tumor to be pPNET. Postoperative computed tomography (CT) showed multiple metastases in the lung, liver, and retroperitoneal lymph node. Unfortunately, she died of tumor cachexia 1 month after chemotherapy.

Conclusions
Due to the rare presentation of pPNET, pPNET would be misdiagnosed without the histological diagnosis. Here, we aimed to provide clinicians with information about the treatment and relevant literature of pPNET.
The IFIH1 gene variants rs1990760 and rs2111485 are associated with COVID-19 susceptibility and affect IFIH1 protein levels in Iraqis
Authors: Majeed Abdulraheem Y. , Zulkafli Nor Effa S. , Ad’hiah Ali H. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
Interferon-induced helicase C domain-containing protein 1 (IFIH1) is one of the main pattern recognition receptors that sense viral RNA and activate host cells to mount an effective antiviral immunity.

Methods
A case–control study (90 patients with mild/moderate COVID-19 and 90 matched controls) was performed to explore the association of two variants of the IFIH1 gene with COVID-19 risk using the tetra-primer amplification refractory mutation system-polymerase-chain-reaction method. The first is a missense variant, rs1990760 C/T, and the second is an intergenic variant, rs2111485 A/G. In addition, serum IFIH1 levels were assessed using an ELISA kit.

Results
Mutant alleles (T and G, respectively) and corresponding homozygous genotypes (TT and GG, respectively) of both variants were significantly associated with increased risk of COVID-19. IFIH1 levels were significantly higher in patients compared to controls and were favorably affected by the rs1990760 and rs2111485 mutant-type genotypes.

Conclusion
IFIH1 protein showed up-regulated levels in the serum of patients with mild/moderate COVID-19. In addition, the IFIH1 gene variants rs1990760 C/T and rs2111485 A/G were associated with susceptibility to COVID-19, and the study suggests that their mutant-type genotypes are not only associated with increased risk of COVID-19 but also contributed to higher serum IFIH1 levels.
Aflatoxin risk in the era of climatic change-a comprehensive review
Authors: Bunny Saboor Muarij , Umar Abeera , Bhatti Hamzah Shahbaz , Honey Sabyan Faris 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

This review highlights the major influence that both climate change and aflatoxin contamination have on global food safety as it examines their complex relationship. Fungi such as
Aspergillus flavus
produce aflatoxins, which can seriously harm one's health by compromising the immune system and causing chronic disorders. The review looks at how temperature and humidity affect the production of aflatoxin. The evaluation of current models emphasizes the necessity for novel strategies and up-to-date climatic data. The changing climatic conditions are taken into consideration while discussing regulatory frameworks and international standards. Additionally, the paper explores cutting-edge sensing technologies for improved surveillance of aflatoxin contamination. Molecular markers and resistance characteristics are two areas of future investigation. In view of a changing climate, the conclusion emphasizes the continued difficulties in creating crops that are climate resilient and calls for cooperation in addressing aflatoxin problems.
Adding Insult to Injustice
Authors: Shaw Lauren , Hedge Nicole 
Published: November 2024

Demand for online higher education has grown considerably in recent years but comes with a unique set of challenges. Online students often experience lower sense of connection, which may give impetus to join student-led social media groups. Use of these groups may exacerbate another challenge: the reportedly greater levels of vengeful dissent towards staff from online students, which, in on-campus students, has been linked to low procedural justice perceptions. This study explored the association between procedural justice perceptions and vengeful dissent in online and on-campus education, examining the moderating effect of student-led social media groups. A total of 127 adults (M age = 25.46, SD = 7.82; 73.22% female) who were either studying or had recently completed a degree at an Australian university in either fully online or on-campus mode (64 online; 63 on-campus) completed an online self-report survey. As hypothesised, low procedural justice perceptions were more strongly associated with greater vengeful dissent in online students and use of student-led social media groups strengthened the association in online students only. The findings represent the first to empirically explore the justice perception-dissent relationship in online learning and have several implications for policy and practice in navigating online education.
Investigating instructors’ and students’ perceived knowledge and attitudes in using generative AI tools for teaching and learning
Authors: Quek Choon Lang Gwendoline , Wang Qiyun , Ramani Aishwarya , Chen Yinhao , Xu Meng 
Published: November 2024

This preliminary study surveys university instructors’ reported experiences of generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) knowledge and attitudes. The collective perceptual information from this study aims to provide the University with information on the type and level of support needed, from administrators to faculty members, in their teaching. Preliminary findings showed that in terms of knowledge of GenAI tools, most instructors perceived generally high mean scores of their readiness to use GenAI tools except for their low ability to use the GenAI tools. Although the instructors perceived the lowest threat of GenAI tools on their work, there are several teaching related and ethical concerns that were discussed in this paper. In terms of their attitudes towards GenAI tools, they perceived favourably the use of GenAI tools for their teaching.
HCI Teaching and Learning Model Using Studio-Based Learning
Authors: Zhang Runchen , Atiq Arzoo , Chacon Salas Antony 
Published: November 2024

This research explores Studio-based Learning (SBL) within Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) subjects, focusing on the crucial elements required in the design of maker spaces to enhance user experience (UX) design education. As HCI becomes increasingly complex and interdisciplinary, traditional classroom settings often fail to provide the required experiential learning environment for certain subjects. Our study examines various subjects in the discipline, highlighting diverse interactivity requirements and the potential of Studio-based Learning to effectively address students' and staff’s needs. We analyse the impact of studio settings on the learning outcomes and expectations of students, especially in fostering creativity, collaboration, and hands-on engagement. Our research findings indicate that studio-based classrooms significantly improve student learning experiences in interactive and practical subjects, although effective planning around space and time constraints can impede its full implementation.
From How Much to Whodunnit
Authors: Tregloan Kate , Song Huiseung (Sarah) 
Published: November 2024

The arrival of ChatGPT and other generative AI (genAI) tools has ushered in a new era in education and presented significant challenges to academic institutions. It has also delivered new concerns for educators who seek to support, and to certify, students’ learning. In addition, the potential and in some cases the necessity for students to learn to engage these new tools in preparation for future work in a professional or research context is emerging apace. This raises important questions for the form and focus of student learning in higher education. It also calls for guidance for educators, especially those who may not be familiar with the operation or implications of these new technologies for their teaching. This paper presents an innovative typology for designing assessment in this context, and that offers language to discuss academic integrity issues and to authorise AI use. The typology draws on and extends scholarship related to groupwork, considering the role of the genAI as a ‘group member’. It provides examples of related approaches to assessment design, and of level descriptors that educators may use as a basis for rubrics to recognise and define the qualities of good student use of genAI tools in this context.
From sequentiality to schematization: network-based analysis of covarying collexemes in Mandarin degree adverb constructions
Authors: Chen Alvin Cheng-Hsien 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This study investigates the semantic structures of degree adverb constructions (DAC) in Mandarin through a network-based approach. We first utilized covarying collexeme analysis to determine significant collexeme pairs strongly associated with the DAC. We then incorporated network-based quantitative methods to analyze the emerging schemas from these collexeme pairs. Our approach involved implementing network analyses at two levels. The collexeme-based network consisted of lexical nodes representing degree adverbs and modified heads, while the construction-based network featured collexeme pairs as nodes. The collexeme-based network reveals that degree adverbs develop distinct semantic preferences for attributes within specific semantic fields, primarily capturing subjective and evaluative aspects of human experience. The construction-based network highlights dynamic interactions among these significant collexeme pairs, showcasing semantically interconnected collexeme pairs forming cohesive constructional families. Furthermore, these semantic groupings underscore the crucial role of metaphorical extension in creating larger semantic clusters for higher-level linguistic generalization. The emergence of semantic coherences from both networks reflects the evolving nature of linguistic generalizations, transitioning from low-level pivot schemas in the collexeme-based network to higher-order generalizations in the construction-based network. This study contributes to the field of usage-based grammar by emphasizing the fundamental role of sequentiality and interconnectedness between linguistic units in linguistic generalization.