bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effective methods for reactivating inactive blood donors: a stratified randomized controlled study
Authors: OU-YANG Jian , BEI Chun-Hua , LIANG Hua-Qin , HE Bo , CHEN Jin-Yan , FU Yong-Shui 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background: Recruiting of sufficient numbers of donors of blood products is vital worldwide. In this study we assessed the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of telephone calls and SMS reminders for re-recruitment of inactive blood donors.
Methods: This single-centre, non-blinded, parallel randomized controlled trial in Guangzhou, China included 11,880 inactive blood donors whose last donation was between January 1 and June 30, 2014. The donors were randomly assigned to either one of two intervention groups (received telephone or short message service [SMS] communications) or to a control group without intervention. SMS messages with altruistic appeal were adopted in the SMS group; in addition to altruistic appeal, reasons for deferral of blood donation were also asked in the telephone group. All participants were followed up for 1 year. The primary outcome were re-donation rates, compared by intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis, average treatment effect (ATE) and average treatment effect on the treated (ATT) estimations. Secondary outcomes were the self-reported deterrents. Other outcomes included the re-donation interval, and the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of telephone calls versus SMS reminders on re-recruitment.
Results: ITT analysis discovered no significant differences in the re-donation rate among the three groups. ATE estimation showed that participants who were randomly assigned to the telephone group were more likely to re-donate than those in the SMS group. ATT estimations indicated that among compliers, telephone calls significantly increased re-donation compared to both SMS reminders and no intervention. Donor return behaviour was positively associated with receiving reminders successfully, being male, older age, and previous donation history. The SMS reminder prompted donors to return sooner than no reminder within 6 months, and according to ICER calculations, SMS reminders were more cost-effective than telephone calls. Donors reported time constraints as the most main causes of self-deferral in the telephone group, and altruistic appeal had a positive effect on these donors.
Conclusions: Interventions to reactivate inactive blood donors can be effective, with telephone calls prompting more donors to return but at a greater cost than SMS messages. SMS reminder with altruistic appeal can urge donors to re-donate sooner within 6 months than no reminder.
Correlation of magnetic resonance imaging and radionuclide bone imaging findings of femoral head necrosis
Authors: Yin Jun qiang , Ding Lei , Gao Zhenhua , Xie Xianbiao , Wu Liangcai , Huang Gang , Meng Quanfei 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Objectives To investigate the radionuclide bone imaging (RBI) manifestation of femoral head necrosis (FHN) in different magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings. Materials and Methods 72 hips in 42 patients with FHN underwent MRI and RBI examination to observe the RBI manifestation of FHN in different MRI types. Results There were 23 hips with MRI Type I FHN, 11 hips showing the corresponding RBI manifestation of ‘hands-holding-a-white-ball sign’ and 7 hips showing the ‘doughnut sign’. There are thirty-seven hips with MRI Type II FHN, 16 hips showing the corresponding RBI manifestation of diffusely increased uptake, 7 hips showing the ‘hands-holding-a-black-ball sign’, 7 hips showing the ‘doughnut sign’ and 4 hips showing the ‘hands-holding-a-white-ball sign’. There were 12 hips with Type III FHN, 11 hips showing the corresponding RBI manifestation of diffusely increased uptake and 1 hip showing the ‘hands-holding-a-black-ball sign’. The ‘hands-holding-a-white-ball sign’ in Type I FHN was significantly higher than that of Type II-III FHN (P<0.05), and the diffusely increased uptake in Type I FHN was significantly lower than that of Type II-III FHN (P<0.05). Conclusions Different MRI findings of FHN lead to diverse RBI findings . In addition, the ‘doughnut sign’, the ‘hands-holding-a-white-ball sign’ and the ‘hands-holding-a-black-ball sign’ also have diagnostic value for FHN.
The effects of ursodeoxycholic acid in the management of sepsis-induced cholestasis in rodents
Authors: Ainosah Randa H. , Hagras Magda M. , Alharthi Sameer , Saadah Omar I. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background: Cholestasis is a condition in which there is impairment of bile flow from the liver to the small bowel. It is a common complication of bacterial infection and sepsis. Treatment is usually directed towards the eradication of bacterial infection and consequences of sepsis. Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) has been under investigation as a possible therapeutic option for the treatments of sepsis-associated cholestasis.Methods: Sixty male albino rats (weighing 100–150g) were subjected to daily doses of UDCA (100 mg/kg, p.o.) for 10 days before or after lipopolysaccharides (LPS) induction of cholestasis. Then, the following liver enzyme activity was assessed: plasma aspartate transferase (AST), plasma alkaline transferase (ALT), plasma alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total bilirubin (TBIL). Hepatocyte apoptosis and immunomodulatory activity were assessed by flow cytometric analysis. Plasma pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-, IL-1 and IL-4) were measured by ELISA. Liver histology changes were assessed by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining.Results: Our results showed that LPS-induced cholestasis resulted in a significant rise in the TBIL and liver enzymes including GGT, ALP, AST, and hepatocytes death. UDCA improves serum liver chemistries and halts bile acid cytotoxicity when it was used either as a treatment or prevention, compared to the LPS group. Moreover, UDCA has immunomodulatory properties: the effect of UDCA on the percentage of natural killer (NK) cells did not change in either the treatment or prevention group when compared to LPS induced cholestasis. However, significant decrease in the CD3 has been found in the treatment group as compared to the LPS group, and an unexpected increase in the prevention group compared to the LPS treated group. UDCA failed to ameliorate the increase in plasma TNF-α concentration in the treatment group. On the other hand, UDCA caused reduction in plasma TNF-α in the prevention group. We also found significant reduction in the liver tissue apoptosis in the UDCA treated groups. Conclusion: Prophylactic treatment and treatment with UDCA appear to exert a beneficial effect against the damaging effect of hydrophobic bile acids by LPS-induced secretary failure. This involved multiple mechanisms of action.
Risk factor analysis for progressive spinal deformity after resection of spinal cord tumors─a retrospective study of 272 cases
Authors: Wang Pangbo , Ma Kang , Chen Tunan , Xue Xingsen , Ma Dada , Wang Shi , Chen Xin , Meng Hui , Cui Gaoyu , Gao Boyuan , Lin Jiangkai , Feng Hua , Chu Weihua 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Progressive spinal deformity has become a well-recognized complication of spinal cord tumors (SCTs)resection. However, the factors affecting post-operative spinal stability remain to be further research. Here, we described the current largest series of risk factors analysis for progressive spinal deformity following resection of SCTs. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of the patients with resection of SCTs between January 2009 and December 2018.All patients who underwent resection of spinal cord tumors performed regular postoperative follow-up were identified and included in the study. Clinical, radiological, surgical, histopathological, and follow-up data were collected. The incidence of postoperative progressive kyphosis or scoliosis was calculated. The statistical relationship between postoperative progressive spinal deformity and radiographic, clinical, and surgical variables was assessed by using univariate tests and multivariate logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: Two hundred seventy-two patients (mean age 42.56 ± 16.18 years)with median preoperative modified McCormick score of 3 met the inclusion criteria. Among them, 7（2.6%）patients were found to have spinal deformity preoperatively, and the extent of spinal deformity in these 7 patients deteriorated after surgery. 36 (13.2%) were new cases of postoperative progressive deformity. The mean duration of follow-up was 21.8 months (median 14 months, range 6–114 months). In subsequent multivariate logistic regression analysis, age≤18 years(p=0.027), extent of tumor involvement(p = 0.019)and preoperative spinal deformity(p=0.008)was the independent risk factors (p < 0.05), increasing the odds of postoperative progressive spinal deformity by 3.94- , 0.69- and 27.11-fold, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of postoperative progressive spinal deformity was 15.8%, mostly in these patients who had younger age (≤18 years), tumors involved in multiple segments and preoperative spinal deformity. The risk factors of postoperative progressive spinal deformity warrants serious reconsideration that when performing resection of spinal cord tumors in these patients with such risk factors, the surgeons need to provide surgical fusion to reduce the risk of reoperation, neurologic compromise and patient’s medical burdens.
Characteristics of cerebrospinal fluid cytology in anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis
Authors: Liu Huiqin , Ren Haitao , Zhao Yanhuan , Fan Siyuan , Gao Xinya , Shi Yingying , Zhao Jing , Li Wei , Zhang Jiewen , Guan Hongzhi 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background The aim of the current study was to explore the characteristics of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cytology in anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis.Methods CSF was collected from patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis at Peking Union Medical College Hospital and Henan Provincial People’s Hospital from 01 January 2015 to 31 December 2018, and cytological characteristics and other parameters of the CSF were analyzed.Results CSF cytological data were obtained from 164 patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis. Visible signs of inflammation were identified in cytological analyses of 112 patients’ CSF, including 46 cases of mild inflammation, 58 of moderate inflammation, and 8 of severe inflammation. With regard to inflammation type, 89 cases were classified as lymphocytic inflammation, 22 as mixed inflammation with both lymphocytes and neutrophils, and 1 case was classified as mixed inflammation with lymphocytes, neutrophils, and eosinophils. Activated lymphocytes were detected in 51 patients, and plasma cells were detected in 16. Oligoclonal bands were detected in 111/164 patients, and 51 patients were positive for specific oligoclonal bands in CSF. The positivity rate was 45.9%. In comparison with routine CSF examination with an inflammation positivity threshold of > 5 × 10 6 cells/L, the inflammation positivity rate of CSF cytology was significantly higher (68.3% versus 64.0%, p < 0.001).Conclusions The comparatively higher inflammation positivity rate and the superiority of evaluating cell morphology render CSF cytology an effective tool for identifying anti-NMDAR encephalitis and investigating its pathogenesis.
The implication of circulating long non-coding RNA MALAT1 in diagnosis, disease surveillance and prognosis of acute ischemic stroke
Authors: Ren Hongbo , Wu Feng , Liu Bin , Song Zhi-Yuan , Qu Da-Cheng 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background We aimed to investigate predictive value of long non-coding RNA metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (lnc-MALAT1) for acute ischemic stroke (AIS) risk, and the association of lnc-MALAT1 expression with disease severity, inflammation as well as recurrence free survival (RFS) in AIS patients.Methods 120 AIS patients and 120 controls were recruited. Venous blood samples from AIS patients (within 24 hours after symptoms onset) and controls (at entry to study) were collected to detect plasma lnc-MALAT1 expression by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. For AIS patients, AIS severity was assessed by NIHSS score; plasma concentrations of inflammation factors (including C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-17 and IL-22) were measure; and RFS was calculated.Results Lnc-MALAT1 expression was decreased in AIS patients compared to controls, and it had a good predictive value for AIS risk (AUC=0.791, 95% CI: 0.735-0.846). For disease condition, lnc-MALAT1 expression negatively correlated with NIHSS score and pro-inflammatory factors expressions (including CRP, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8 and IL-22), while it positively correlated with anti-inflammatory factor IL-10 expression. Besides, lnc-MALAT1 expression was elevated in AIS complicated with diabetes but numerically reduced in AIS complicated with hepertension. For prognosis, lnc-MALAT1 high expression numerically correlated with longer RFS, but without statistical significance.Conclusion lnc-MALAT1 is downregulated and has a good predictive value of AIS risk, and its high expression correlates with decreased NIHSS score, reduced inflammation, as well as numerically better RFS in AIS patients.
Impact of team-based learning on radiology education: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Yan Chunyi , Li Bingjie , Liang Haoyan , Ma Xuelei 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background: The team-based learning method has been applied as an educational method in radiology education and there are only inconsistent and inconclusive individual results. A meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the effects of team-based learning on radiology education. Method: Databases were searched from inception up to August 2019. The standard mean difference (SMD) with its 95% confidence interval (95% CI) was used to determine the over effects of team-based learning teaching method compared with the lecture-based learning or traditional teaching method. Results: Twelve studies involving 1371 participants were included in this meta-analysis. Of them, the sufficient data of 11 studies suggested team-based learning teaching method had a positive effect on the theoretical scores compared with the lecture-based learning or traditional teaching method (SMD=1.07, 95% CI [0.50, 1.63]). 9 of 10 studies provided sufficient data showing team-based learning teaching method was in favour of improving skill scores (SMD=0.68, 95% CI [0.19, 1.17]). Most of the including studies provided the subjective questionnaire surveys which showed the participants believed team-based learning raise their learning interest, team cooperation ability and interpersonal communication. Conclusion: The team-based learning teaching method could not only improve the scores of theoretical and skill knowledge in medical imaging courses but also encourage students to learn by themselves. The heterogeneity of the included studies must be noticed, and well-designed studies about this topic are needed for further study.
Transcriptome profiling of Trichoplax adhaerens highlights its digestive epithelium and a rich set of genes for fast electrogenic and slow neuromodulatory cellular signaling
Authors: Wong Yuen Yan , Le Phuong , Elkhatib Wassim , Piekut Thomas , Senatore Adriano 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background Trichoplax adhaerens is a fascinating early-diverging animal that lacks a nervous system and synapses, and yet is capable of directed motile feeding behavior culminating in the external digestion of microorganisms by secreted hydrolytic enzymes. The mechanisms by which Trichoplax cells communicate with each other to coordinate their activity and behavior is unclear, though recent studies have suggested that secreted regulatory peptides might be involved.Results Here, we generated a high quality mRNA transcriptome of Trichoplax adhaerens , and predicted secreted proteins to identify gene homologues for digestion, development, immunity, cell adhesion, and peptide signaling. Detailed annotation of the expressed Trichoplax gene set also identified a nearly complete set of electrogenic genes involved in fast neural signalling, plus a set of 665 G-protein coupled receptors that in the nervous system integrate with fast signalling machinery to modulate cellular excitability. Furthermore, Trichoplax expresses an array of genes involved in intracellular signaling, including the key effector enzymes protein kinases A and C that functionally link fast and slow cellular signaling. Also identified were nearly complete sets of pre- and post-synaptic scaffolding genes, most encoding appropriate protein domain architectures. Notably, the Trichoplax proteome was found to bear slightly reduced counts of synaptic protein interaction domains such as PDZ, SH3 and C2 compared to other animals, but abundance of these domains did not appear to predict the presence of synapses in early-diverging groups.Conclusions Despite its apparent cellular and morphological simplicity, Trichoplax expresses a rich set of genes involved in complex animal traits. The transcriptome presented here adds a valuable additional resource for molecular studies on Trichoplax genes, exemplified by our ability to clone cDNAs for nine full-length acid sensing ion channel proteins with almost perfect matches with their corresponding transcriptome sequences.
Evaluation Of Postpartum Depression Scores Of Elective And Emergency Cesarean Section Patients
Authors: Kadıoğlu Berrin Göktuğ , KAMALAK Zeynep , OZPOLAT Gokhan , BICEN Edip 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Purpose This study aims to provide early diagnosis of postpartum depression by investigating the relationship between the emergency situation and pre-operative anxiety of women, who had elective and emergency cesarean. Methods The study was conducted on 103 people in total, 51 of which were elective and 52 of which were emergency cesarean section cases. Right before the surgery the patients filled State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and a form surveying the anesthesia concerns. Their anxiety levels were determined. Edinburg postpartum depression scale was applied two weeks after delivery. The impact of these results and the anxiety levels in preoperative period on postoperative depression were analyzed. Hemoglobin and biochemical values in preoperative period were analyzed in terms of their correlation with anxiety state. Results State anxiety level of 60.2% of group 1 and 74.6% of group 2 were higher than average in STAI-1; whereas in STAI-2 state anxiety levels were 4.1% of group 1 and 90.3% of group 2 were higher than average. Edinburg depression scale detected minor depression in 4% of the elective and 13.45 of the emergency cesarean patients. There was no linear relationship between blood parameters and anxiety levels. Conclusion Both groups had high state and trait anxiety but postpartum depression rate in emergency patients was higher. Thus, it is significant to provide necessary psychological support to the patients with high pre-operative anxiety and provide early treatment to the ones with higher tendency of depression in postpartum period.
Parenteral nutrition with fish oil-based lipid emulsion reduces the risk of cholestasis in preterm infants
Authors: WANG YI-LING , Chen Lih-Ju , Tsao Lon-Yen , Chen Hsiao-Neng , Lee Cheng-Han , Hsiao Chien-Chou 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background Preterm infants received long-term parenteral nutrition (PN) due to gastrointestinal immaturity. Mixed lipid emulsions composed of soybean oil, medium chain triglycerides (MCTs), olive oil, and fish oil, which have a relatively low ω-6: ω-3 ratio, may decrease the incidence of PN-associated cholestasis by reducing oxidative stress and providing an anti-inflammatory effect.Methods The retrospective cohort study enrolled a total 399 very low birth weight (VLBW) premature infants between January 2009 and November 2017 at a single neonatal intensive care unit. Preterm infants received total parenteral nutrition with either mixed lipid emulsion (SMOFlipid, n = 195) or soybean oil-based lipid emulsion (Lipovenoes, n = 204) for at least seven days. We compared the outcomes of PN-associated cholestasis, co-morbidities and mortality.Results The incidence of PN-associated cholestasis was significantly lower in the SMOFlipid group than the Lipovenoes group (10.3% vs 20.1%, P = 0.006). The related clinical laboratory findings, including levels of γ- GT (P = 0.019), triglyceride (P < 0.001), and cholesterol (P = 0.023), were significantly lower in the SMOFlipid group. The duration to full feeding days shortened in the SMOFlipid group compared with the Lipovenoes group (25 ± 10.33 vs 33 ± 16.22, P < 0.001). Relevant complications, such as severe retinopathy of prematurity (ROP, 3.6% vs 14.3%, P < 0.001) and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD, 36.9% vs 46.7%, P = 0.046) were also reduced in the SMOFlipid group versus the Lipovenoes group, but there was no significant effect on severe intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), or mortality in both groups.Conclusions In very premature infants, PN with fish oil-based lipid emulsions is associated with a lower incidence of PN-associated cholestasis compared with soybean oil-based lipid emulsions.
Yale Observation Scale for Predicting Serious Illness in Japanese Primary Care Settings
Authors: Masuda Yu , Muto Taichiro , Kishino Takaaki , Kurahashi Hirokazu , Kitagawa Yoshiro , Okumura Akihisa , Iwayama Hideyuki 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Objectives The Yale observation scale (YOS), also called the Acute Illness Observation Scale, was developed to help detect serious illness in febrile children. We conducted this study to evaluate the clinical utility of the YOS for predicting serious illness in Japanese primary care settings. Method We conducted a prospective observational study from June 2015 to January 2018. We enrolled patients younger than 10 years, who attended the primary care centre at the Aichi Medical University Hospital and who had recorded YOS scores. Serious illnesses included invasive bacterial infections and any conditions requiring artificial ventilation, surgical treatment, or cardiopulmonary resuscitation. We calculated point estimates for YOS sensitivity and specificity for predicting serious illness and hospitalisation. We evaluated the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) by the Youden index. Results The 260 participants (227 outpatients and 33 inpatients) had a median age of 1.75 years (range, 0–10); 80 (30.8%) were younger than 1 year, 131 (50.4 %) between 1 and 3 years, 44 (16.9%) between 4 and 7 years, and 5 (1.9%) between 8 and 10 years. Infectious illness was the most common diagnosis (n = 211), followed by allergic disease (n = 11) and trauma (n = 10). Among the 211 patients with infectious illness, upper respiratory tract infections were the most common (n = 55). Fourteen patients among the 29 with YOS >10, and 19 among those with YOS ≤10 were hospitalised. We found 6 patients with serious illnesses: intussusception (n = 1; YOS, 22), encephalitis (n = 1; YOS, 16) and urinary tract infection (n = 4; YOSs, 18, 16, 8 and 6). The sensitivity and specificity of the YOS for predicting serious illness at a cut-off point of 10 were 0.67 and 0.90, respectively. The corresponding values for hospitalisation at that cut-off point were 0.42 and 0.93, respectively. The AUCs of the YOS for predicting serious illness and hospitalisation were 0. 82 (excellent) and 0.74 (acceptable). Conclusions We conclude that a YOS >10 may be useful to predict severe paediatric diseases in Japanese primary care settings.