bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differentiated Consensus as a Means of Correcting Unilateral Ecclesiological Developments?
Authors: Legrand Hervé 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe methodology of “differentiated consensus,” which was used to arrive at the Joint Declaration on the Doctrine of Justification between Lutherans and Catholics in 1999, has led to more progress in 40 years than in the previous five centuries, through reinterpreting certain formulations that were seemingly incompatible, and allowing correction of those doctrinal developments that are unilaterally self‐referential and that reach far back in history. To assess the progress made, this article examines the type of doctrinal consensus originally required by the Catholic Church, so as to understand what is new about differentiated consensus and its potential for correcting unilateral doctrinal developments.
Fuzzy‐description logic for supporting the rehabilitation of the elderly
Authors: Moya Alejandro , Navarro Elena , Jaén Javier , González Pascual 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAccording to the latest statistics, the proportion of the elderly (+65) is increasing and is expected to double within the European Union in a period of 50 years. This ageing is due to the improvement of quality of life and advances in medicine in the last decades. Gerontechnology is receiving a great deal of attention as a way of providing the elderly with sustainable products, environments, and services combining gerontology and technology. One of the most important aspects to consider by gerontechnology is the mobility/rehabilitation technologies, because there is an important relationship between mobility and the elderly's quality of life. Telerehabilitation systems have emerged to allow the elderly to perform their rehabilitation exercises remotely. However, in many cases, the proposed systems assist neither the patients nor the experts about the progress of the rehabilitation. To address this problem, we propose in this paper, a fuzzy‐semantic system for evaluating patient's physical state during the rehabilitation process based on well‐known standard for patients' evaluation. Moreover, a tool called FINE has been developed that facilitates the evaluation be accomplished in a semi‐automatic way first asking patients to carry out a set of standard tests and then inferencing their state by means of a fuzzy‐semantic approach using the data captured during the rehabilitation tasks.
Mary Wollstonecraft on Motherhood and Political Participation: An Overlooked Insight into Women's Subordination
Authors: Williams Valerie 
Published: July 2019

Scholars consider Mary Wollstonecraft an early feminist political theorist for two reasons: (1) her explicit commitment to educational equality, and (2) her implicit suggestion that the private‐sphere role of motherhood holds political import. My reading of Wollstonecraft's A Vindication of the Rights of Womanuses Wollstonecraft's works and draws upon recent claims made by Sandrine Bergès inThe Social and Political Philosophy of Mary Wollstonecraft to connect these points: educated women are better at performing motherly duties and, therefore, of greater benefit to society. Although many scholars have read Wollstonecraft's arguments for educational equality as a starting point for greater equality, Bergès does not. In this article, I further Bergès's claims and argue that Wollstonecraft's project is limited and likely to reinforce inequality between the sexes. Specifically, I show that Wollstonecraft's educational reforms incentivize women to become nothing more than highly educated housewives. In the process of fulfilling their social and political duty to instill public spirit and private virtue in future citizens, women are re‐entrenched in domestic affairs instead of being freed for public pursuits. This realization, I contend, should cause us to be wary of panaceas for women's subordination that rest on increasing their education.
Service user, whānau and peer support workers’ perceptions of advance directives for mental health
Authors: Thom Katey , Lenagh‐Glue Jessie , O'Brien Anthony John , Potiki Johnnie , Casey Heather , Dawson John , Glue Paul 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAdvance directives allow users of mental health services to make statements for their future care. In New Zealand, use of advance directives is supported by the Health and Disability Commissioner and was identified in the 2012 Blueprint as a key mechanism for service users to advocate for responses they find most helpful. This study used a qualitative descriptive methodology involving focus groups to explore the perceptions of service users, whānau and peer support workers concerning advance directives. Thematic analysis revealed certain belief patterns about what should or could be included in an advance directive, and about how and with whom one should be created. It revealed generally positive perceptions about how they can uphold service users’ right to have preferences considered, to plan flexibly around dynamic needs, and about their value and utility. We conclude that advance directives can support services users’ expressions of their preferences for care, but they need to be supported by clinicians if they are to realize this potential. Our findings can also inform service provision in New Zealand, and the planned reform of mental health legislation.
Strategic imperatives, power and subsidiary performance: the transfer of human resource management practices in multinational companies operating in Poland's post‐socialist banking industry
Authors: Geary John , Hunek Ilona 
Published: July 2019

AbstractWe examine the extent to which institutional influences account for the transfer of performance management systems in two foreign‐owned banks, one German the other Irish, in Poland. While we find they were important, more important were the joint effects arising from the subsidiaries' times‐of‐acquisition, their pre‐acquisition economic health, the international experience of the MNCs' management, headquarters‐generated strategic imperatives and the political dynamics that ensued between corporate and local management.
Because you're worth it? Determinants of Vice Chancellor pay in the UK
Authors: Walker James , Greve Peder , Wood Geoff , Miskell Peter 
Published: July 2019

AbstractWage inequality has increased across most developed nations; this has been manifested in a wide range of organisations and sectors, with implications for well‐being and sustainability; within UK universities, this has become increasingly visible. There is increasing pressure on universities to deliver social and economic impact in an increasingly market‐driven and metric‐driven environment. In the UK context, increasing financial pressure has led to both an escalation of student fees and constrained wage growth for faculty. In contrast, most Vice Chancellors have secured substantive pay packages raising concerns that regulatory failures may be contributing to the rise. We show that Vice Chancellors use their internal power within organisations to extract a disproportionate amount of the value created by the institution. However, we encountered much diversity according to the quality of governance, highlighting the extent to which not only contextual but also internal dynamics drive wage inequality.
Differences in assigning probabilities to coastal inundation hazard estimators: Event versus response approaches
Authors: Sanuy Marc , Jiménez Jose A. , Ortego Maria I. , Toimil Alexandra 
Published: July 2019

AbstractCoastal flood risk assessment requires a reliable estimation of the frequency of inundation hazards, that is, characterising the hazard magnitude and assigning a probability of occurrence. In this work we analyse the uncertainty introduced in the assessment associated to the method to assign the probability of occurrence to coastal flood hazards. To this end we have compared the use of two general methods, the response and the event approaches. Different procedures are used to characterise coastal inundation hazards depending on the analysis scale and data availability. Thus, a range of possibilities has been analysed, from simple estimators such as run‐up to modelled flood‐prone areas. The analysis has been performed for all wave and water level conditions around the Spanish coast. The results show that the differences between the methods are location‐dependent, and thus, determined by the exposure to wave and water level conditions. When using the event approach, the run‐up or total water level (with good correlation between waves and surge) distributions reasonably approximate those of the response approach with low associated uncertainty. When the assessment aims to output overtopping discharges or inundation maps, observed differences suggest that the event approach would produce misleading conclusions in inundation‐related coastal management and decision‐making.
Unravelling the anthropogenic pathways of phosphorus in the food production and consumption system of Bangladesh through the lens of substance flow analysis
Authors: Roy Bidhan Bhuson , Biswas Chowdhury Rubel , Baroi Amit Robert , Rahman Shupa , Powers Stephen M. , Milne Nick , Sujauddin Mohammad 
Published: July 2019

AbstractPhosphorus (P) is central to food production. Current understanding about the global phosphorus system is dominated by studies in wealthier nations where soil fertility, fertilizer supply chains, and agronomic tracking have long been established. In contrast, developing nations are experiencing major agricultural transitions and the associated phosphorus flows remain a significant knowledge gap. We compiled and analyzed several years of recent agricultural datasets for Bangladesh, currently the eighth most populous nation, using substance flow analysis for phosphorus. From 2000 to 2016, rice production increased by >50% and remained the dominant crop with remarkably higher phosphorus flow (49.96 kt in 2016) than all other crops. Phosphorus content of livestock products in 2016 exceeded 6.00 kt, more than double in the year 2000, driven primarily by phosphorus in milk and secondarily in meat/eggs. These agricultural changes coincided with a doubling of national phosphorus fertilizer consumption since 2000, a fourfold increase since the global food crisis (2009), and a pronounced rise in the phosphorus import dependency ratio, which was the highest among all countries compared. In turn, during 2010s fertilizer phosphorus use exceeded phosphorus as food + feed production leading to soil phosphorus accumulation, and loss as burned manure became one of the largest phosphorus flows in the entire system, equivalent to half of fertilizer use. This dramatic reconfiguration of the Bangladesh phosphorus system illustrates an important case of agricultural expansion and intensification that is still playing out, with similar situations occurring in developing nations where population growth rates are high, and access to commercial fertilizers has risen.
Personalized medicine and back–allogeneic exosomes for cancer immunotherapy
Authors: Samuel M. , Gabrielsson S. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractExtracellular vesicles, especially exosomes, have been explored for cancer immunotherapy. The initial studies made use of autologous B‐cell or dendritic cell‐derived exosomes, with the idea that MHC–peptide complexes on the exosomal surface would stimulate an MHC‐restricted cancer‐specific immune response. This was also verified in mouse systems, whilst the effects in human clinical systems were more modest. Several studies have explored the mechanisms for exosomal T‐cell activation, and a picture emerges where the antigen‐presenting cells, possibly both B cells and dendritic cells of the recipient, are needed to induce a potent T‐cell response to exosomes. Therefore, the exosomes function more as an adjuvant‐like delivery system of antigens, and we need to further understand the exact components that trigger the most broad and potent immune responses. Here, we describe the grounds for using allogeneic exosomes for cancer therapy, something that would greatly improve the feasibility of new exosome‐based immunotherapeutic approaches to cure cancer.
The Impact of State Firearm Laws on Homicide Rates in Suburban and Rural Areas Compared to Large Cities in the United States, 1991‐2016
Authors: Siegel Michael , Solomon Benjamin , Knopov Anita , Rothman Emily F. , Cronin Shea W. , Xuan Ziming , Hemenway David 
Published: July 2019

AbstractPurposeThis article aims to examine whether state firearm laws impact homicide rates differently in suburban and rural areas compared to large cities in the United States.MethodsWe analyzed serial, cross‐sectional data for the 26‐year period 1991‐2016 using a panel design. We examined the relationship between 6 specific state firearm laws and homicide rates in large cities (those with greater than 100,000 people in 1990) and in all geographic areas outside of these cities. Using a city‐level fixed effects negative binomial regression, we modeled the number of homicides as a function of state firearm laws, while controlling for time fixed effects and time‐varying state‐ and city‐level sociodemographic factors.FindingsTwo policies—universal background checks and “may issue” laws that required a heightened showing of suitability for concealed carry—were associated with lower firearm homicide rates in large cities but were not associated with firearm homicide rates in suburban and rural areas. In contrast, laws that prohibited gun possession by people convicted of a violent misdemeanor were associated with lower firearm homicide rates in suburban and rural areas, but were not associated with firearm homicide rates in large cities. Permit requirements were associated with lower firearm homicide rates in both large cities and suburban and rural areas.ConclusionsThis article provides the first evidence that state firearm laws may have a differential impact on firearm homicide rates in suburban and rural areas compared to urban areas in the United States.
Autochthonous probiotic bacteria modulate intestinal microbiota of Pirarucu, Arapaima gigas
Authors: do Vale Pereira Gabriella , Pereira Scheila Anelise , Soares Arno , Mouriño Jose Luiz Pedreira , Merrifield Daniel 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the ability of two probiotic strains (Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis and Enterococcus faecium) to colonize Arapaima gigas intestines and their competence in modulating gut microbiota, morphology, and immunological status. A total of 135 A. gigas (58.86 ± 10.25 g) were divided into three treatments: (a) fish fed a diet containing L. lactis subsp. lactis at 1 × 108 CFU−1, (b) fish fed a diet containing E. faecium at 1 × 108 CFU−1, and (c) fish fed a diet nonsupplemented with probiotic. After 21 days, 12 fish per treatment were sampled. Blood and posterior intestine were sampled for further analysis. High‐throughput sequencing results demonstrated that the relative abundance of Cetobacterium genus was high in all treatments. The number of thrombocytes increased in both groups fed the probiotic, and eosinophils were higher in fish fed E. faecium. Serum antimicrobial activity of fish fed L. lactis subsp. lactis was higher when compared with the other two treatments. In conclusion, both strains could populate the intestinal mucosa of A. gigas and could be used as probiotics in pirarucu production as they can influence hematoimmunological parameters and decrease the abundance of pathogenic bacteria in the gut of pirarucu within 21 days of feeding.
The forest and the heath: Defining the human in medieval romance
Authors: Derosier Joseph 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis article examines the thirteenth‐century romance Perlesvaus as a biopolitical fantasy and specifically examines one episode in which the Crucifixion is staged with animal actors coded as Christ and Jews. This episode frames the forest surrounding the event as a liminal space, as a biopolitical space of exception that surrounds the clearing or heath where miracles happen and produce biblical truth in Arthurian Britain. The anonymous author places Jews at this frontier, both constitutive of the New Law/civilization and its greatest menace. From this episode emerges a biopolitical narrative that responds to geopolitical crisis in the medieval Francophone world while affirming the violence of the Crusades and anti‐Semitic logic. As this romance is often dismissed for its messy, violent, and confusing narrative and theology, this article contests that its racialized fantasy of the Crucifixion performance shows Perlesvaus to be in line with contemporary values of the Church rather than at the margins. Instead of reading this romance as abhorrent, we explore how romance uses marvels and miracles to assert a certain biopolitical ideology. Biopolitics thus emerges as having a medieval past in fantasy writing, rooted in pre‐modern categories of race, religion, and the human.
Platonic Personal Immortality
Authors: Reed Doug 
Published: July 2019

AbstractI argue that Plato distinguishes between personal immortality and immortality of the soul. I begin by criticizing the consensus view that Plato identifies the person and the soul. I then turn to the issue of immortality. By considering passages fromSymposiumandTimaeus, I make the case that Plato thinks that while the soul is immortal by nature, if a person is going to be immortal, they must become so. Finally, I argue that Plato has a psychological continuity approach to personal identity. Thus, for Plato, a person becomes immortal by avoiding reincarnation and securing for themselves psychological continuity forever.
Upping the Ex Ante Problem for Reliabilism
Authors: Frise Matthew 
Published: July 2019

AbstractProcess reliabilism is a theory about ex post justification, the justification of a doxastic attitude one has, such as belief. It says roughly that a justified belief is a belief formed by a reliable process. It is not a theory about ex ante justification, one's justification for having a particular attitude toward a proposition, an attitude one might lack. But many reliabilists supplement their theory such that it explains ex ante justification in terms of reliable processes. In this paper, I argue that the main way reliabilists supplement their theory fails. In the absence of an alternative, reliabilism does not account for ex ante justification.
Dieulafoy lesions and PHACE syndrome
Authors: Kieswetter Lukas , Walters Thomas D. , Lara‐Corrales Irene , Carcao Manuel D. , Ngan Bo , Pope Elena 
Published: July 2019

AbstractDieulafoy's lesion (DL) is a small gastrointestinal (GI) mucosal erosion due to an abnormally large caliber and persistent submucosal arteriole. Typically occurring in adults, they are an extremely rare cause of GI bleeding in pediatrics. We report a case of multiple jejunal DLs in a 9‐year‐old girl with posterior fossa brain malformations, hemangiomas, arterial lesions, cardiac abnormalities, eye abnormalities (PHACE) syndrome, and the first described use of rapamycin in the treatment of pediatric DLs.
Effect of physiological factors on the flight ability of Calliptamus italicus L
Authors: Cao Kai‐li , Mai Ji‐wei , Liu Qiong , Dou Jie , Wen Qiu‐Zhong , Chen Xiao , Xiao Hong‐wei , Jashenko Roman , Ji Rong 
Published: July 2019

AbstractCalliptamus italicus L. is a major migratory pest that often causes serious agricultural losses in the desert/semi‐desert steppe of Central Asia. The present study aims to understand the physiological factors that affect migration of C. italicus by examining the relationships between flight capacity, energy accumulation, ovarian development and Juvenile hormone (JH) titre. The results show that flight capacity decreases with age, being greatest among 2‐day‐old males and lowest among 13‐day‐old locusts. There is no significant correlation between energy accumulation and flight capacity, although JH titre is negatively correlated with flight capacity. Energy accumulation and flight capacity first increases then decreases in 1–13‐day‐old females. Glycogen accumulation is significantly correlated with flight speed, and triglyceride accumulation is significantly correlated with flight distance, duration and speed. Changes in JH titre in 1–13‐day‐old females show double titre peaks, which are negatively correlated with flight capacity. Seven‐day‐old C. italicus have the highest glycogen and triglyceride accumulation, greatest flight capacity, grade II ovarian development and lowest JH titre. By contrast, 13‐day‐old C. italicus have the lowest triglyceride accumulation, lowest flight capacity, grade IV ovarian development and lowest JH titre. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that there is a trade‐off between ovarian development and flight capacity of C. italicus.
The association between muscular power from childhood to adulthood and adult measures of glucose homeostasis
Authors: Fraser Brooklyn J. , Blizzard Leigh , Schmidt Michael D. , Dwyer Terence , Venn Alison J. , Magnussen Costan G. 
Published: July 2019

This study aimed to assess whether the longitudinal association between childhood muscular fitness and adult measures of glucose homeostasis persist despite changes in muscular fitness across the life course. This prospective longitudinal study included 586 participants who had their muscular power (standing long jump distance), cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), and waist circumference measured as children (aged 9, 12, 15 years) and again 20 years later as adults. In adulthood, these participants also provided a fasting blood sample which was tested for glucose and insulin. Glucose homeostasis measures including insulin resistance (HOMA2‐IR) and beta cell function (HOMA2‐β) were estimated. Child and adult muscular power levels were separated into thirds, and tracking groups (persistently low, decreasing, persistently moderate, increasing, and persistently high) were created. Sex‐stratified multivariable linear regression models were used to examine the association between muscular power tracking groups and adult measures of glucose homeostasis. Compared with males with persistently high muscular power, males with increasing and persistently low muscular power had higher fasting insulin (increasing: β = 1.12 mU/L, P = .04; persistently low: β = 2.12 mU/L, P = .001) and HOMA2‐β (increasing: β = 8.50%, P = .03; persistently low: β = 11.27%, P = .01) independent of CRF and males with persistently low muscular power had greater fasting insulin (β = 1.22 mU/L, P = .02) and HOMA2‐IR (β = 0.14, P = .02) independent of waist circumference. Non‐significant associations were present for females. For males, maintaining persistently high muscular power between childhood and adulthood could lead to a healthier adult glucose homeostasis profile.