bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evidence of early deglaciation (18 000 cal a bp) and a postglacial relative sea‐level curve from southern Karmøy, south‐west Norway
Authors: Vasskog Kristian , Svendsen John‐Inge , Mangerud Jan , Agasøster Haaga Kristian , Svean Arve , Lunnan Eva Maria 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTBased on six consistent radiocarbon dates from the isolation basins Grødheimsvatnet and Kringlemyr, we estimate a minimum deglaciation age for southern Karmøy, an island in outer Boknafjorden (south‐west Norway), of around 18 000 calibrated years before present (18k cal a bp). We use microscopic phytoplankton, macrofossils, lithostratigraphic evidence and X‐ray fluorescence data to identify the isolation contacts in the basins, and date them to 17.52–17.18k cal a bp in Grødheimsvatnet [15.57 m above present mean sea level (MSL)] and 16.19–15.80k cal a bp in Kringlemyr (11.99 m above MSL). Combining these data with previous studies, we construct a relative sea‐level (RSL) curve from 18k cal a bp until the present, which is ~3 ka longer than any previous RSL reconstruction from southern Norway. Following deglaciation, southern Karmøy has experienced a net emergence of around 16–19 m, although with significant RSL fluctuations. This includes two RSL minima well below present MSL around ~13.8 and ~10k cal a bp, and two maxima that culminated around 5–7 m above MSL during the Younger Dryas and early to mid‐Holocene, respectively. Considering eustatic sea level and modelled gravitational deformation of the geoid, we estimate a net postglacial isostatic uplift of ~120 m. © 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Color refinement using deep neural networks for enhancing color recognition in a projector‐camera system
Authors: Kang Changgu , Kim Meekyoung , Lee Sung‐Hee 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIn projector‐camera systems, object recognition is essential to enable users to interact with physical objects. Among several input features used by the object classifier, color information is widely used as it is easily obtainable. However, the color of an object seen by the camera changes due to the projected light from the projector, which degrades the recognition performance. To solve this problem, we propose a method to restore the original color of an object from the observed color through camera. The color refinement method has been developed based on the deep neural network. The inputs to the neural network are the color of the projector light as well as the observed color of the object in multiple color spaces, including RGB, HSV, HIS, and HSL. The neural network is trained in a supervised manner. Through a number of experiments, we show that our refinement method reduces the difference from the original color and improves the object recognition rate implemented with a number of classification methods.
The prognostic value of CSN6 expression in upper tract urothelial carcinomas
Authors: Jhan Jhen‐Hao , Lee Yi‐Chen , Li Wei‐Ming , Chang Lin‐Li , Hsu Wei‐Chi , Lin Hui‐Hui , Liang Peir‐In , Hsu Ya‐Ling , Wu Wen‐Jeng , Lee Hsiang‐Ying , Li Ching‐Chia , Yeh Hsin‐Chih , Ke Hung‐Lung 
Published: July 2019

AbstractCSN6 is a subunit of the constitutive photomorphogenesis 9 (COP9) signalosome (CSN). CSN is involved in cellular and developmental processes such as signal transduction, transcriptional activation, cell cycle control, and tumorigenesis. CSN6 is highly expressed in several human cancers, including colorectal cancer, and breast cancer. However, no previous research has elaborated on the relationship between CSN6 expression and survival in patients with upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC). Therefore, the purpose of this study is to evaluate the clinical significance of CSN6 in UTUC. CSN6 expression in 89 patients with UTUC enrolled in this study was examined using immunohistochemistry. The associations between CSN6 expression and clinicopathological variables were analyzed. CSN6 expression was significantly correlated with patients with high pathological stage (P = .006), male gender (P = .025), and high serum creatinine levels (P = .014). In univariate and multivariable analysis, high CSN6 expression was associated with a higher bladder recurrence (P = .005) and poor cancer‐specific survival (P = .001) for UTUC. In conclusion, CSN6 expression is a potential biomarker for predicting cancer recurrence and clinical survival in UTUC. Further research is necessary to investigate its role in the progression of UTUC.
Soil bacterial communities in grasslands revegetated using Elymus nutans are largely influenced by soil pH and total phosphorus across restoration time
Authors: Hu Lei , Zi Hongbiao , Wu Pengfei , Wang Yong , Lerdau Manuel , Wu Xinwei , Wang Changting 
Published: July 2019

AbstractSoil microbial communities have been considered indicators of soil quality and fertility changes in restored ecosystems. Little is known, however, about how these communities change over time after restoration in terms of activity, structure, and diversity. We evaluated the soil bacterial communities of 4‐, 8‐, and 12‐year‐old Elymus nutans revegetated grasslands located in the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau. Soil bacterial diversity and composition significantly changed in the 8‐ and 12‐year‐old grasslands compared with the 4‐year‐old grassland. Surprisingly, soil bacterial communities transitioned from Proteobacteria‐ and Acidobacteria‐dominant communities in the 4‐year‐old grassland to Cyanobacteria‐dominant communities in the 8‐ and 12‐year‐old grasslands. Furthermore, the phylum of Cyanobacteria accounted for a high percentage of bacterial community (>48%) in the 8‐ and 12‐year‐old grasslands. Network analyses showed that most of the interactions were identified as positive among bacterial species, but Cyanobacteria were often negatively associated with other species. In addition, there was a slight increase in P acquisition enzymes (acid phosphatase activity) and a decline in N acquisition enzymes (soil urease and nitratase activities) with the increasing dominance of Cyanobacteria. Additionally, soil pH and total phosphorus had positive relationships with soil bacterial composition and diversity, whereas soil bacterial diversity and P acquisition enzymes were negatively related to soil bacterial composition. Overall, our results indicated that significant changes in soil bacterial communities might occur in response to the cultivation period of cultivated grassland and highlighted the importance of soil pH, TP, and P acquisition enzymes in microbe‐mediated ecological processes of cultivated grassland on the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau.
Antimicrobial Peptide‐Based Electrospun Fibers for Wound Healing Applications
Authors: Dart Alexander , Bhave Mrinal , Kingshott Peter 
Published: July 2019

AbstractCurrent wound healing treatments such as bandages and gauzes predominantly rely on passively protecting the wound and do not offer properties that increase the rate of wound healing. While these strategies are strong at protecting any infection after application, they are ineffective at treating an already infected wound or assisting in tissue regeneration. Next‐generation wound healing treatments are being developed at a rapid pace and have a variety of advantages over traditional treatments. Features such as gas exchange, moisture balance, active suppression of infection, and increased cell proliferation are all central to developing the next successful wound healing dressing. Electrospinning has already been shown to have the qualities required to be a key technique of next generation polymer‐based wound healing treatments. Combined with antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), electrospun dressings can indeed become a formidable solution for the treatment of both acute and chronic wounds. The literature on combining electrospinning and AMPs is now starting to increase and this review aims to give a comprehensive overview of the current developments that combine electrospinning technology and AMPs in order to make multifunctional fibers effective against infection in wound healing.
Engineered Polysaccharides: α‐1,3‐Glucan Acetates Showing Upper Critical Solution Temperature in Organic Solvents
Authors: Heinze Thomas , Pfeifer Annett , Koschella Andreas , Adelman Douglas , Howe Laurie , Behabtu Natnael , Lenges Christian 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAcetates of α‐1,3‐glucan dissolved in N,N‐dimethyl acetamide/LiCl are prepared by converting the polysaccharide with acetyl chloride, acetic acid anhydride/pyridine, or with acetic acid/N,N′‐carbonyl diimidazole. Values of the degree of substitution for the acetyl groups (DSAc) of up to 2.6 are realized. NMR spectroscopic measurements reveal a preferred conversion of the primary hydroxyl group at position 6 followed by positions 2 and 4. Depending on the DSAc, the samples may be soluble in solvents of different polarity at room temperature or at elevated temperatures showing upper critical solution temperature at DS of about 2.5. This process is found to be reversible.
New PRPS1 variant p.(Met68Leu) located in the dimerization area identified in a French CMTX5 patient
Authors: Lerat Justine , Magdelaine Corinne , Derouault Paco , Beauvais‐Dzugan Hélène , Bieth Eric , Acket Blandine , Arne‐Bes Marie‐Christine , Sturtz Franck , Lia Anne‐Sophie 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundCMTX5 is characterized by peripheral neuropathy, early‐onset sensorineural hearing impairment, and optic neuropathy. Only seven variants have been reported and no genotype‐phenotype correlations have yet been established. PRPS1 has a crystallographic structure, as it is composed of three dimers that constitute a hexamer.MethodsNext‐generation sequencing (NGS) was performed using a custom 92‐gene panel designed for the diagnosis of Charcot‐Marie‐Tooth (CMT) and associated neuropathies.ResultsWe report the case of a 35‐year‐old male, who had presented CMT and hearing loss since childhood associated to bilateral optic neuropathy without any sign of retinitis pigmentosa. A new hemizygous variant on chromosomic position X:106,882,604, in the PRPS1 gene, c.202A > T, p.(Met68Leu) was found. This change is predicted to lead to an altered affinity between the different subunits in the dimer, thereby may prevent the hexamer formation.ConclusionCMTX5 is probably under‐diagnosed, as an overlap among the different features due to PRPS1 exists. Patients who developed polyneuropathy associated to sensorineural deafness and optic atrophy during childhood should be assessed for PRPS1.
DNA hypermethylation of GDF5 in developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH)
Authors: Baghdadi Taghi , Nejadhosseinian Mohammad , Shirkoohi Reza , Mostafavi Tabatabaee Reza , Tamehri Seyed S. , Saffari Mojtaba , Mortazavi S. M. Javad 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIntroduction & ObjectiveDevelopmental Dysplasia of the Hip (DDH) is one of the most common congenital skeletal anomalies. Body of evidence suggests that genetic variations in GDF5 are associated with susceptibility to DDH. DDH is a multifactorial disease and its etiology has not been entirely determined. Epigenetic changes such as DNA methylation could be linked to DDH. In this scheme, we hypothesized that changes in GDF5 DNA methylation could predispose a susceptible individual to DDH.MethodsThis study consisted of 45 DDH patients and 45 controls with healthy femoral neck cartilage, who underwent hemi‐, or total arthroplasty for the femoral neck fracture. A cartilage sample of 1 cm in diameter and 1 mm in the thickness was obtained for DNA extraction. DNA was extracted and DNA methylation of GDF5 was evaluated by metabisulfite method.ResultsMethylation analysis showed that the promoter of GDF5 in cartilage samples from DDH patients was hypermethylated in comparison to healthy controls (p = .001).ConclusionOur study showed that the methylation status of the GDF5 in patients with DDH is dysregulated. This dysregulation indicates that adjustment in the methylation might modify the expression of this gene. Since this gene plays an essential role in cartilage and bone development, thus reducing its expression can contribute to the pathogenesis of DDH. Further studies are needed to elucidate the role of GDF5 in this disease.
Quercetin‐Induced miR‐369‐3p Suppresses Chronic Inflammatory Response Targeting C/EBP‐β
Authors: Galleggiante Vanessa , De Santis Stefania , Liso Marina , Verna Giulio , Sommella Eduardo , Mastronardi Mauro , Campiglia Pietro , Chieppa Marcello , Serino Grazia 
Published: July 2019

ScopeDendritic cells (DCs) are the most potent antigen‐presenting cells that play an important role in the crosstalk between the innate and the adaptive immune response. Quercetin exposure is identified as an effective strategy to suppress the inflammatory response induced by LPS.Methods and resultsIn this study, using a next‐generation sequencing analysis, the effect of quercetin on microRNAs (miRNAs) expression in DCs is examined. A signature of 113 miRNAs that are differentially regulated in LPS‐stimulated DCs after quercetin exposure is defined. It is demonstrated that the loss of function of miR‐369‐3p in LPS‐stimulated DCs during quercetin exposure led to an increase of CCAAT/enhancer binding protein β (C/EBP‐β) mRNA and protein and its downstream targets tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) and interleukin 6 (IL6). Conversely, it is shown that the ectopic induction of miR‐369‐3p without quercetin suppresses the inflammatory response of LPS reducing C/EBP‐β, TNF‐α, and IL6 production. In vivo, oral administration of quercetin in dextran‐sulfate‐sodium‐induced colitis induces miR‐369‐3p expression.ConclusionsThese findings indicate that quercetin‐induced miR‐369‐3p regulates the inflammatory cascade in chronic inflammatory response and present promising therapeutic implications.
Dual‐band monopolar microstrip antenna using a quasi‐circularly arranged mushroom resonator on meshed ground structure
Authors: Lee Dongho , Kim Kichul , Pyo Seongmin 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis article presents a new dual‐band monopolar microstrip antenna with a meshed ground structure to improve the radiation performances. The quasi‐circularly arranged seven mushroom structures are utilized for dual‐band operation, which supports the resonances of the infinite wavelength and the TM modes. To improve the radiation performance, the meshed ground is employed and investigated by lowering the Q‐factor of the resonator. The proposed antenna demonstrates that dual‐band monopolar radiations at 3.298 and 5.709 GHz are in good agreement with the simulation results.
Mutation ofcyp19a1bresults in sterile males due to efferent duct obstruction in Nile tilapia
Authors: Zhang Xianbo , Min Qianwen , Li Mengru , Liu Xingyong , Li Minghui , Wang Deshou 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe involvement of estrogen in male fertility has been well established in mammals. However, less is known about the role of estrogen in fish male reproduction. Our recent study revealed that Cyp19a1a deficiency had no effect on fertility in male fish. In this study, expression of Cyp19a1b, but not Cyp19a1a, was detected by immunohistochemistry in Leydig cells of tilapia testes.cyp19a1bmutation resulted in a significant decrease in the concentration of 17β‐estradiol in serum and sterility in XY fish, as no offspring were obtained when crossed with control XX fish at 240 days after hatching (dah). No sperm was obtained from the mature mutants by in vitro extrusion. Further examination of the mutant gonads revealed excessive semen accumulation and testicular hypertrophy. Semen collected from the mutant testes during autopsy contained sperm with a normal morphology that showed no significant differences in motility, VCL, BCF, STR, or fertility compared with control sperm. Efferent ducts from the mutant testes, which had low‐convolution levels, fewer branches, and no blood vessels observed inside the walls, were significantly smaller in size. qRT‐PCR analyses showed downregulated expression of ion exchange genes. There was increased apoptosis in the epithelial cells of the efferent ducts and other somatic cells of the testes as revealed by TUNEL staining, as well as upregulation of apoptosis gene expression in the mutants. At 360 dah, mutant fish showed testicular atrophy and efferent duct fibrosis. These results demonstrated that estrogen deficiency caused byCyp19a1bmutation resulted in male sterility due to efferent duct obstruction.
Decreased NDRG1 expression is associated with pregnancy loss in mice and attenuates the in vitro decidualization of endometrial stromal cells
Authors: Meng Nan , Yang Qian , He Yaping , Gu Wen‐Wen , Gu Yan , Zhen Xing‐Xing , Wang Jianmei , Zhang Xuan , Sun Zhao‐Gui , Wang Jian 
Published: July 2019

AbstractEmbryo implantation is an essential step for a successful pregnancy, and any defect in this process can lead to a range of pregnancy pathologies. The objective of this study was to explore the role of N‐myc downregulated gene 1 (NDRG1) in embryo implantation. It was found that uterine NDRG1 expression has a dynamic pattern during the estrous cycle in nonpregnant mice and that uterine NDRG1 expression was elevated during the implantation process in pregnant mice. The distinct accumulation of NDRG1 protein signals was observed in the primary decidual zone adjacent to the implanting embryo during early pregnancy. Furthermore, uterine NDRG1 expression could be induced by activated implantation or artificial decidualization in mice. Decreased uterine NDRG1 expression was associated with pregnancy loss in mice and was associated with recurrent miscarriages in humans. The in vitro decidualization of both mouse and human endometrial stromal cells (ESCs) was accompanied by increased NDRG1 expression and downregulated NDRG1 expression in ESCs effectively inhibited decidualization. Collectively, these data suggest that NDRG1 plays an important role in decidualization during the implantation process, and the abnormal expression of NDRG1 may be involved in pregnancy loss.
Usefulness of a novel classification based on perioperative changes of membranous urethral length using hierarchical cluster analysis of urinary incontinence and overactive bladder symptoms after robot‐assisted radical prostatectomy: A prospective observational study
Authors: Onoda Mitsutaka , Haga Nobuhiro , Kurimura Yoshimasa , Tanji Ryo , Onagi Akifumi , Honda Ruriko , Matsuoka Kanako , Hoshi Seiji , Koguchi Tomoyuki , Hata Junya , Sato Yuichi , Akaihata Hidenori , Kataoka Masao , Ogawa Soichiro , Obara Wataru , Kojima Yoshiyuki 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAimsThe aim of the present study was to construct a novel classification based on perioperative changes of membranous urethral length (MUL) using hierarchical cluster analysis to predict urinary incontinence (UI) and overactive bladder (OAB) symptoms after robot‐assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP).MethodsA total of 299 patients who underwent RARP with complete pre and postoperative MUL data were included in the present study. Hierarchical cluster analysis was performed to identify the groups with similar perioperative MUL and prostate size. UI and OAB symptoms after RARP were evaluated in each cluster for 12 months after RARP.ResultsFour groups were identified by the cluster analysis of these factors: preservation of MUL type (cluster 1, n = 92); standard type (cluster 2, n = 137); large prostate type (cluster 3, n = 23); and loss of MUL type (cluster 4, n = 47). Although there was significantly more UI in clusters 3 and 4 than in clusters 1 and 2 up to 3 months after RARP, UI improvement was the most delayed in cluster 3. Improvement of OAB symptoms was also most delayed in cluster 3. Urinary quality of life (QOL) was significantly worse in cluster 4 than in clusters 1 and 2.ConclusionsCluster analysis successfully classified patients after RARP into four characteristic groups based on perioperative MUL. Recovery from UI and OAB symptoms and urinary QOL after RARP were significantly different among these groups. This classification based on cluster analysis might be useful to predict recovery from UI and OAB symptoms when following QOL after RARP.
A P0–P0 weak Galerkin finite element method for solving singularly perturbed reaction–diffusion problems
Authors: Al‐Taweel Ahmed , Hussain Saqib , Wang Xiaoshen , Jones Brian 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis paper investigates the lowest‐order weak Galerkin finite element (WGFE) method for solving reaction–diffusion equations with singular perturbations in two and three space dimensions. The system of linear equations for the new scheme is positive definite, and one might readily get the well‐posedness of the system. Our numerical experiments confirmed our error analysis that our WGFE method of the lowest order could deliver numerical approximations of the order O(h1/2) and O(h) in H1 and L2 norms, respectively.
Abcc5 Knockout Mice Have Lower Fat Mass and Increased Levels of Circulating GLP‐1
Authors: Cyranka Malgorzata , Veprik Anna , McKay Eleanor J. , van Loon Nienke , Thijsse Amber , Cotter Luke , Hare Nisha , Saibudeen Affan , Lingam Swathi , Pires Elisabete , Larraufie Pierre , Reimann Frank , Gribble Fiona , Stewart Michelle , Bentley Elizabeth , Lear Pamela , McCullagh James , Cantley James , Cox Roger D. , de Wet Heidi 
Published: July 2019

ObjectiveA previous genome‐wide association study linked overexpression of an ATP‐binding cassette transporter, ABCC5, in humans with a susceptibility to developing type 2 diabetes with age. Specifically, ABCC5 gene overexpression was shown to be strongly associated with increased visceral fat mass and reduced peripheral insulin sensitivity. Currently, the role of ABCC5 in diabetes and obesity is unknown. This study reports the metabolic phenotyping of a global Abcc5 knockout mouse.MethodsA global Abcc5‐/‐ mouse was generated by CRISPR/Cas9. Fat mass was determined by weekly EchoMRI and fat pads were dissected and weighed at week 18. Glucose homeostasis was ascertained by an oral glucose tolerance test, intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test, and intraperitoneal insulin tolerance test. Energy expenditure and locomotor activity were measured using PhenoMaster cages. Glucagon‐like peptide 1 (GLP‐1) levels in plasma, primary gut cell cultures, and GLUTag cells were determined by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay.ResultsAbcc5‐/‐ mice had decreased fat mass and increased plasma levels of GLP‐1, and they were more insulin sensitive and more active. Recombinant overexpression of ABCC5 protein in GLUTag cells decreased GLP‐1 release.ConclusionsABCC5 protein expression levels are inversely related to fat mass and appear to play a role in the regulation of GLP‐1 secretion from enteroendocrine cells.
Percutaneous CT‐Guided Cryovagotomy in Patients with Class I or Class II Obesity: A Pilot Trial
Authors: Prologo J. David , Lin Edward , Horesh Bergquist Sharon , Knight Jackie , Matta Hazem , Brummer Marjin , Singh Arvinpal , Patel Yogi , Corn David 
Published: July 2019

ObjectiveThis study evaluated the safety of percutaneous CT‐guided cryoablation of the vagus nerve (percutaneous cryovagotomy) in participants with class I or class II obesity.MethodsThe study was an open‐label, single‐group, prospective pilot investigation designed around safety‐related stopping criteria. Twenty participants with 30 > BMI > 37 underwent percutaneous cryovagotomy with follow‐up visits at day 7, 45, 90, and 180. Data related to adverse events, technical success, weight loss, quality of life, dietary intake, global impressions of hunger change, activity, and body composition were analyzed.ResultsThe procedural technical success rate was 100%. There were no adverse events in 19 participants who completed the trial. Ninety‐five percent of patients reported decreased appetite following the procedure, and reductions in mean absolute weight and BMI were observed at all time points. The mean quality of life and activity scores improved from baseline to 6 months post procedure, and mean caloric intake and overall body fat decreased over the same period.ConclusionsPercutaneous CT‐guided cryovagotomy is feasible and was tolerated without complications or adverse events in this cohort. Quantitative preliminary data from this pilot investigation inform the design of a larger prospective randomized clinical trial.