bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modelling dependency structures of crude oil prices and stock markets of developed and developing countries: A C-vine copula approach
Authors: Liao Ruofan , Boonyakunakorn Petchaluck , Liu Jianxu , Sriboonchitta Songsak 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
This paper aims to investigate the impact of oil price on the stock price of developed countries (represented by the Group of seven) and the stock price of developing countries (represented by BRICS) by using C-vine copula approach. A C-vine based GJR-GARCH is used to measure the conditional dependence between stock price and oil price and investigate the difference between developed countries and developing countries. The empirical evidence shows that G7 and BRICS countries have a positive and significant dependence between oil returns, and there is an even stronger dependence between oil returns for the G7 countries. Some countries in the developed and the developing countries have the tail relationship in the low market or in bear market, further, both groups do not have a relationship with oil return when the stock is in a boom market.
Model building and evaluation for 4-wheel drive hybrid vehicle based on the random forest
Authors: Hou Zhuoran , Qiao Yiran , Chu Liang , Guo Chong 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
In order to improve the accuracy of 4WD hv-pm (hybrid vehicle powertrain model), a virtual controller (VC) is established based on machine learning methods and benchmark data. Considering that developed VC can reflect the real performance of vehicle, the accuracy of 4WD hv-pm is measured by VC output. The machine learning method adopted by VC is random forest (RF), and the preferred benchmark data for building the training set are speed, acceleration pedal, brake pedal, state of charge (SOC), battery current, battery voltage, and traction demand. Moreover, the workable VC can provide engine torque, engine speed, motor torque and motor speed. Therefore, the VC output has been compared with the simulation results of constructed 4WD hv-pm, and the performance difference was evaluated to estimate the accuracy of constructed 4WD hv-pm, so as to further achieve the improvement of the model. Ultimately, it is proved that proposed VCexerts good effect on the effectiveness in model improvement and vehicle development by the means of comparison.
Technical efficiency of rice production in Thailand: copula-based stochastic frontier model
Authors: Nunti Chonrada , Boonyakunakorn Petchaluck , Sriboonchitta Songsak 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The study aims to investigate Thai rice production efficiency with the copula-based stochastic frontier model to draft general statistical data for Thai agriculture development in the future. The empirical results show that land and fertilizer have an indisputably positive and significant effect on rice production. The SFM with Gaussian copula has the lowest value regarding to AIC. The best average TE score belongs to the northern region followed by the central region, the north-eastern region, and the southern region with their average scores of 0.86, 0.819, 0.76 and 0.74, respectively. The interesting point is that, even with highest efficiency score, there is the largest gap between the highest and the lowest scores within central region provinces, followed by north-eastern, central and northern regions with their values of 0.2, 0.18, 0.15 and 0.08, respectively.
Comparative antioxidant study of onion and garlic waste and bulbs
Authors: Kotenkova E A , Kupaeva N V 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Among vegetables, onion and garlic production occupies a leading position worldwide due to their wide usage in various sectors of the food industry. Husk is the main waste from onion and garlic processing. The biological properties of onion and garlic bulbs are well studied, but the husks are not well investigated to date. The total antioxidant capacities of aqueous and ethanol extracts of onion and garlic husks and bulbs were determined by the ORAC method and expressed in μmol equiv. Trolox/g of sample. The husks demonstrated the greatest total antioxidant capacities and significantly exceeded those of the bulbs. Onion husk was the most active, and its total antioxidant capacity was 521.24±11.23 μmol equiv. Trolox/g of sample for aqueous extract and 1206.93±8.37 23 μmol equiv. Trolox/g of sample for ethanol extract. Antioxidant capacity depended on extractant type.
Novel paradigms linking salt and health
Authors: Popovic M , Velicki R , Torovic Lj , Bjelanovic J , Janjic J , Mitrovic R , Baltic M Z 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Although sodium is an essential nutrient, conclusive scientific evidence suggests the association between excessive salt intake and various negative health outcomes. One of the health consequences with the greatest public health impact is the increase in population blood pressure with a consequent increase of cardiovascular disease risk. There is ample evidence linking high salt intake with other health outcomes: stomach cancer, impaired renal function, osteoporosis, obesity, severity of asthma, but also with novel health risks established with advanced molecular and metagenomics technology: autoimmunity, immunity in various organs and systems. Some recent studies have reported that a high salt diet modulates the gut-microbiome, interacting with both the host’s gastrointestinal tract environment and its genome and metabolism. The newest evidence indicates possible novel pathophysiological mechanisms of obesity, including high fasting ghrelin in healthy individuals consuming a high-salt diet, as well as endogenous fructose production and leptin resistance in mice. This revealing new evidence links high salt intake with obesity and consequently, with further metabolic complications. As a country with high prevalences of obesity and hypertension, and high salt intake, Serbia would greatly benefit from adopting and implementing a national sodium reduction program that minimize risks through education, regulation, and enforcement.
Influence of soil-protective technologies on the characteristics of the soils of hop plants
Authors: Smirnov M , Smirnov P , Alexeev E , Maksimov I , Kazakov Y , Prokopeva E 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
It is known that one of the main and complex indicators of the soil is the density of its composition (volume mass). The widespread introduction of new technologies of tillage in our country only increases interest in the values of density in the new conditions. At the same time, soil hardness is also an important parameter characterizing agrophysical conditions of plant growth. We believe that research on the diagnosis of these soil parameters is not enough, so we have conducted research in this area. Traditional methods of tillage do not have a significant compacting effect in the surface layer. Most of the acquired parameters of the additional density are characterized by us as optimal. Only in some cases of ploughing the soil density decreased to 0.7…0.99 g / cm3. This indicates an excessively friable state. Processing of fields by "no-till" (zero) type leads to an increase of values of density of addition of the soil to 0.94…1.25 g / cm3. Hardness values also increased and reached 22.8 kgf / cm2 (2.24 MPa). We see the reason for this phenomenon in the inevitability of the use of heavy-duty tractors. At the same time, the mass of the tractor itself almost levels the type of engine used – caterpillar or pneumatic wheels. Therefore, the objects of study were tractors of different classes, energy saturation, and weight. Soil samples were taken from arable and subsurface horizons from five conventional layers. The results showed that the impact of the drivers of the tractors increases the density of the composition of the soil in all conditional layers. However, the compact intensity on the layers differentiated depending on the weight of the tractor. The soil in the traces of tractors weighing up to 6-7 tons was compressed mainly in the Arab horizon (at a depth of 0.3 m), and in the subsurface (at a depth of 0.3-0.5 m) the compact was practically absent. Soil compaction by tractors weighing 8-11 tons occurred to a depth of 0.5 m. At the same time, the increase in volume mass in the layers of the arable horizon was from 0.25 to 0.35 g/cm3. The most effective way to restore the subsurface layer is the use of various subsurface agents in the autumn. Application in the winter of snow retention techniques allows one to accumulate in the loosened subsurface layer of additional moisture needed in the spring presowing period.
Study on the effect of stress treatment on embryogenic callus of raspberry
Authors: Liang F H , Liu Y J , Yang J H , Liu Y , Shi Y Y , Liu H Q , Zhang C 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
In order to obtain the embryogenic callus of raspberry, the friable calluses of raspberry were used as materials to be treated by different time of starvation and desiccation, and were further cultivated and induced embryoid. By use of embryogenic observation, the embryogenic degree of callus could be determined. The results showed that the embryogenic degree of calluses which were treated by starvation for 6 days was the highest, and the desiccation treatment had no effect on embryogenic degree of calluses. Therefore, appropriate starvation treatment can facilitate the transformation of non-embryogenic callus into embryogenic callus. The results of this experiment could provide reference for callus embryogenesis induction of other plants.
Case analysis of artificial snowfall enhancement by aircraft in Winter Olympic Games Area
Authors: Yang W X , Hu Z X , Dong X B , Yang Y , Zhao L W 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
It was dry in Hebei Province in winter of 2017, with less snow. But on November 25, 2017, snowfall occurred in Zhangjiakou and Chengde areas of Hebei Province by the influence of low trough-cold front weather process. Hebei Artificial Weather Office used cloud physics model products issued by National Artificial Weather Office for timely and accurate early warning, and successfully implemented artificial snowfall enhancement operation by an aircraft. Aircraft was King of the Air 350, and carried series of cloud physics and environment detection instruments produced by SPEC Company. In this paper, the case was analyzed, and technical conditions for artificial snowfall enhancement were summarized from water content and vertical velocity in clouds by combining several rainfall processes from winter of 2017 to spring of 2018.
The association of SNP rs42688595 in LOC514211 gene with Indonesian-Holstein cow’s reproductive traits
Authors: Rahayu A P , Hartatik T , Purnomoadi A , Kurnianto E 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The aim of this study was to study the association between SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism) rs42688595 in LOC514211 gene with the reproductive traits on Indonesian Holstein dairy cows. Blood samples and reproduction records from 89 cows were used. The DNA analysis was carried out using the PCR-RFLP method. Cows with AC genotypes showed the lowest days open (152.06 ± 20.54 days) and the lowest calving interval (427.06 ± 20.26 days) (P<0.05) compared to those of CC genotypes (236.46 ± 23.34 and 514.95 ± 22.86 days, respectively) and AA genotypes (270.14 ± 26.27 and 552.06 ± 26.29 days, respectively). The studied SNP was not associated with the age at first calving and service per conception (P>0.05). The LOC514211 rs42688595 shows a potency to be used as a genetic marker for a selection program to produce cows with better reproductive performance. Selection could be done by increasing the genetic frequency of heterozygous animals (AC).
The study on mechanical properties of Phytagel medium
Authors: Zhou Y , Yan J , Xu B Y , Wang B C 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background: The mechanical properties of plant culture medium such as Phytagel affect plant growth and development. Given that the mechanical properties of Phytagel medium are vital for biomechanical experiments designing, a systematic study on mechanical properties of Phytagel medium with different concentrations were carried out here to better understand the response of plant to mechanical stimulation. Results: Uniaxial compression test was conducted for the mechanical strength and Young’s modulus. The variation of concentrations of media results in different mechanical strength. The linear-regression analysis of the breaking load shows that there is a lack of fit of the linear regression model to the observed data points for all these Phytagel concentrations (R2 = 0.9708). The spline regression model, however, fits well to the Young’s modulus for Phytagel medium data. The rheological measurements from the oscillation tests (frequency sweep from 0.1 to 20 Hz at 1% strain) indicate that increasing the Phytagel concentrations results in a stiffer structure at 0.5%-1.2%. Conclusions: Although the biological effects of Phytagel on plant along with mechanical power are expected to check, this contribution provides a useful reference in biomechanical experiments to choose the best Phytagel concentration for the culture of plants and tissues.
The Importance of Genetics Experts in Optimizing Genetic Test Orders Through Prospective and Retrospective Reviews
Authors: Conway M Edye , Kalejta Cassidi Dailey , Sternen Darci L , Singh Ila R 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Objectives
To demonstrate the impact of genetics specialists on identifying test order errors and improving reimbursement for genetic testing.

Methods
Forty-four cases in which whole exome sequencing (WES) was performed but not reimbursed were reviewed by a genetic counselor through simulated prospective and retrospective reviews.

Results
Fifty-two percent of WES requests were ordered by nongenetics providers. Retrospective review revealed that 50% of cases were denied because of contractual constraints on billing. If review by a genetic counselor had occurred in real time, modifications or cancellations would have been recommended in 82% of the cases.

Conclusions
A laboratory stewardship program involving genetics experts identified test order errors and opportunities for improved reimbursement and cost savings. Significant variables affected reimbursement, including inpatient status, payer criteria, and ordering provider specialty.
From Age 4 to 8, Children Become Increasingly Aware About Normative Situations for Adults to Consume Alcohol
Authors: Voogt Carmen , Smit Koen , Kleinjan Marloes , Otten Roy , Scheffers Tessa , Kuntsche Emmanuel 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Aims
Limited cross-sectional studies have indicated that young children have some knowledge of the type of situations in which adults usually consume alcohol. However, it is unclear when and how this knowledge develops over time. This study tests the hypothesis that between the ages of 4 and 8, children become more knowledgeable about common drinking situations (e.g. ‘partying’) and uncommon situations (e.g. ‘driving’).

Methods
Data of two independent samples were used: a cross-sectional study (parents) and a three-wave longitudinal study (children). Parents and children were recruited via a convenience and random sampling strategy, respectively. To identify common, ambivalent, and uncommon drinking situations, parents (N = 158; 47% men) completed an online survey in which they indicated how common it is that any adult would drink alcohol in the 18 situations of the Dutch electronic appropriate beverage (eABT). Children (N = 329; 48.9% boys) completed the Dutch eABT to assess their knowledge of situations in which adults usually consume alcohol.

Results
General linear model repeated measures with post-hoc pairwise comparisons showed that parents’ perceptions of common, ambivalent, and uncommon situations in which adults consume alcohol predicted the initial level and the change over time in children’s knowledge of adults’ alcohol use in these situations.

Conclusions
Children aged 4–8 become increasingly knowledgeable about drinking norms in specific situations which implies that they know in what kind of situation alcohol consumption is a common human behavior. This knowledge may put them at risk for early alcohol initiation and frequent drinking later in life.
A novel constrained reconstruction model towards high-resolution subtomogram averaging
Authors: Han Renmin , Li Lun , Yang Peng , Zhang Fa , Gao Xin 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Motivation
Electron tomography (ET) offers a unique capacity to image biological structures in situ. However, the resolution of ET reconstructed tomograms is not comparable to that of the single-particle cryo-EM. If many copies of the object of interest are present in the tomograms, their structures can be reconstructed in the tomogram, picked, aligned and averaged to increase the signal-to-noise ratio and improve the resolution, which is known as the subtomogram averaging. To date, the resolution improvement of the subtomogram averaging is still limited because each reconstructed subtomogram is of low reconstruction quality due to the missing wedge issue.

Results
In this article, we propose a novel computational model, the constrained reconstruction model (CRM), to better recover the information from the multiple subtomograms and compensate for the missing wedge issue in each of them. CRM is supposed to produce a refined reconstruction in the final turn of subtomogram averaging after alignment, instead of directly taking the average. We first formulate the averaging method and our CRM as linear systems, and prove that the solution space of CRM is no larger, and in practice much smaller, than that of the averaging method. We then propose a sparse Kaczmarz algorithm to solve the formulated CRM, and further extend the solution to the simultaneous algebraic reconstruction technique (SART). Experimental results demonstrate that CRM can significantly alleviate the missing wedge issue and improve the final reconstruction quality. In addition, our model is robust to the number of images in each tilt series, the tilt range and the noise level.

Availability and implementation
The codes of CRM-SIRT and CRM-SART are available at https://github.com/icthrm/CRM.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Progress in the study of genome size evolution in Asteraceae: analysis of the last update
Authors: Vitales Daniel , Fernández Pol , Garnatje Teresa , Garcia Sònia 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The Genome Size in Asteraceae Database (GSAD, http://www.asteraceaegenomesize.com) has been recently updated, with data from papers published or in press until July 2018. This constitutes the third release of GSAD, currently containing 4350 data entries for 1496 species, which represent a growth of 22.52% in the number of species with available genome size data compared with the previous release, and a growth of 57.72% in terms of entries. Approximately 6% of Asteraceae species are covered in terms of known genome sizes. The number of source papers included in this release (198) means a 48.87% increase with respect to release 2.0. The significant data increase was exploited to study the genome size evolution in the family from a phylogenetic perspective. Our results suggest that the role of chromosome number in genome size diversity within Asteraceae is basically associated to polyploidy, while dysploidy would only cause minor variation in the DNA amount along the family. Among diploid taxa, we found that the evolution of genome size shows a strong phylogenetic signal. However, this trait does not seem to evolve evenly across the phylogeny, but there could be significant scale and clade-dependent patterns. Our analyses indicate that the phylogenetic signal is stronger at low taxonomic levels, with certain tribes standing out as hotspots of autocorrelation between genome size and phylogeny. Finally, we also observe meaningful associations among nuclear DNA content on Asteraceae species and other phenotypical and ecological traits (i.e. plant habit and invasion ability). Overall, this study emphasizes the need to continue generating and analysing genome size data in order to puzzle out the evolution of this parameter and its many biological correlates.
Common reflection point mapping of the mantle transition zone using recorded and 3-D synthetic ScS reverberations
Authors: Haugland Samuel M , Ritsema Jeroen , Sun Daoyuan , Trampert Jeannot , Koroni Maria 
Published: October 2019

SUMMARY
The method of ScS reverberation migration is based on a ‘common reflection point’ analysis of multiple ScS reflections in the mantle transition zone (MTZ). We examine whether ray-theoretical traveltimes, slownesses and reflection points are sufficiently accurate for estimating the thickness H of the MTZ, defined by the distance between the 410- and 660-km phase transitions. First, we analyse ScS reverberations generated by 35 earthquakes and recorded at hundreds of seismic stations from the combined Arrays in China, Hi-NET in Japan and the Global Seismic Network. This analysis suggests that H varies by about 30 km and therefore that dynamic processes have modified the large-scale structure of the MTZ in eastern Asia and the western Pacific region. Second, we apply the same procedure to spectral-element synthetics for PREM and two 3-D models. One 3-D model incorporates degree-20 topography on the 410 and 660 discontinuities, otherwise preserving the PREM velocity model. The other model incorporates the degree-20 velocity heterogeneity of S20RTS and leaves the 410 and 660 flat. To optimize reflection point coverage, our synthetics were computed assuming a homogeneous grid of stations using 16 events, four of which are fictional. The resolved image using PREM synthetics resembles the PREM structure and indicates that the migration approach is correct. However, ScS reverberations are not as strongly sensitive to H as predicted ray-theoretically because the migration of synthetics for a model with degree-20 topography on the 410 and 660: H varies by less than 5 km in the resolved image but 10 km in the original model. In addition, the relatively strong influence of whole-mantle shear-velocity heterogeneity is evident from the migration of synthetics for the S20RTS velocity model and the broad sensitivity kernels of ScS reverberations at a period of 15 s. A ray-theoretical approach to modelling long-period ScS traveltimes appears inaccurate, at least for continental-scale regions with relatively sparse earthquake coverage. Additional modelling and comparisons with SS precursor and receiver function results should rely on 3-D waveform simulations for a variety of structures and ultimately the implementation of full wave theory.