bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Isolation, Characterization, and Molecular Identification of Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria from Several Tropical Soils
Authors: Hazra Fahrizal , Pratiwi Etty 
Published: August 2018

The objectives of the research were: (i) to isolate and characterize of phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) and (ii) to identify PSB based on molecular amplification of 16S rRNA gene. Soil samples were collected from rhizosphere in Bogor, West Nusa Tenggara, and East Nusa Tenggara. Several stages in this research were: (i) isolation PSB in Pikovskaya agar, (ii) morphological and biochemical characterization of PSB, (iii) measurement of phosphatase enzymes, and (iv) measurement of secreting indole acetic acid phytohormone. As many as 29 isolates of PSB have been collected and three isolates of them, namely: P 3.5 (East Nusa Tenggara), P 6.2 (West Nusa Tenggara), and P 10.1 (Citeureup, West Java) were chosen for further study. There were many characteristics of isolate P 10.1: (i) it had capable to solubilize P with the value of highest solubilization index (1.80), (ii) it had the highest phosphatase enzyme (120.40 mg kg-1), and (iii) it had the highest pH decrease at each observation for six days. Isolates P 3.5 and P 10.1 were the Gram-negative bacteria with coccus shapes and isolate P 6.2 was a Gram-negative bacteria with bacillus shape. Deoxiribonucleat Acid (DNA) amplification of these bacteria employing 16S rRNA primers generated the 1,300bp-PCR product. The results of the analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that isolates P 3.5 and P 10.1 has 98% similarity with Gluconacetobacter sp. strains Rg1-MS-CO and isolate P 6.2 has 97% similarity with Enterobacter sp. pp9c strains.Keywords: 16S rRNA, indole acetic acid, isolation, phosphatase enzymes, phosphate solubilizing bacteria[How to Cite : Hazra F and E Pratiwi. 2013. Isolation, Characterization, and Molecular Identification of Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria from Several Tropical Soils. J Trop Soils, 18 (1): 67-74. doi: 10.5400/jts.2013.18.1.67][Permalink/DOI: www.dx.doi.org/10.5400/jts.2013.18.1.67]
The Effects of Fire on Organic Functional Groups of Peat in Relation to Water Content
Authors: Ramadhan Said , Yusran Fadly Hairannoor , Haris Abdul , Asmawi Suhaili 
Published: August 2018

The aim of this research was to study the decline of organic functional group through the process of burning in peat. In addition, this study was also to examine the relationship between water content in peat and organic functional group after combustion (burning). Peat drying was conducted in an oven at a temperature of 75°C with the interval of 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 hours. Each time interval had three replicates within two sets of experiments so that the total number of samples were 42 (experimental units). Variables measured were moisture content, total acidity, COOH groups, and OH-phenolate. The relationship between the water content with total acidity, COOH groups and OH-phenolate were determined by the equation y = bx + a. The results showed that the relationship between the water content with organic functional group was linear. While the relationship between peat water content with organic functional group after burning was irregular, although water levels through the process of burning have been greatly reduced. Keywords: Burning peat; organic functional groups; water content [How to Cite: Said R, FH Yusran, A Haris and S Asmawi. 2014. The Effects of Fire on Organic Functional Groups of Peat in Relation to Water Content. J Trop Soils 19: 143-149. Doi: 10.5400/jts.2014.19.3.143]
The “Asian Bias” Illusion in Musical Performance: Influence of Visual Information
Authors: Peynircioğlu Zehra F. , Bi Wenyan , Brent William 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
We present empirical evidence that the common lore regarding less expressivity by Asian compared with Caucasian musicians is in fact a real bias. We also show that it is probably an illusion based on the degree of movement engaged in while performing. With only audio presentations (Experiment 1), there was no bias even though the knowledge of race or culture of performers was emphasized. With video presentations (Experiment 2), however, a clear bias emerged in favor of Caucasian musicians’ expressivity in the very same performances as in Experiment 1. Asian musicians were confirmed to engage in less movement during these performances (Experiment 3). Finally, perceived degree of movement was specifically varied in Experiment 4. When it was equalized in terms of ratings, the bias disappeared. Furthermore, when only high-movement performances were considered, Asian musicians were judged to be more expressive. The results are considered within the framework of racial and cultural expectations and the power of visual information in general.
Development of Chess Skill from Domain Entry to Near Asymptote
Authors: Howard Robert W. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
The aim of the present study was to see how well the power law of practice, studied mainly with simple skills acquired over short periods with task time as the performance measure, generalizes to chess skill. Chess playing is a complex cognitive skill acquired over years, and expertise can be measured by a performance rating based on game results and relative strengths of opponents. Participants were 75 highly skilled players who entered the domain very young and improved skill greatly. With number of games as the practice measure, the traditional 2-parameter power law fit the mean curve and most individual curves quite well. However, a new formulation of the power law found by artificial intelligence program Eureqa often worked even better. Power models with an asymptote parameter did not work well with chess skill unless that parameter was set to a constant. Another study aim was to see how well various models predict future performance from varying practice levels. For three models, the less practice the greater was the underprediction of future performance, but the new power law formulation predicted well from early in practice. Another study aim was to test model fits with time as the practice measure. With time, power models fit well, but an exponential model and a quadratic model fitted most individual curves better. The power law as traditionally formulated does generalize well to chess skill development but is not always the best model, and no single model always fit best for all participants.
Measuring Deception: A Look at Antecedents to Deceptive Intent
Authors: Boyle Randall J. , Clements Jeffrey A. , Proudfoot Jeffrey Gainer 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
A Deceptive Belief Inventory scale is developed and validated using 10 first-order factors to represent 3 second-order constructs (deception confidence, duping delight, and guiltless deception). A new theoretical model describing how deception confidence, duping delight, and guiltless deception may influence a person’s intent to deceive others is also tested. Traditional deceptive communication research has focused on situation-specific factors surrounding deception. This study focuses on understanding and assessing a person’s propensity to deceive others. The findings of this study can be used to better understand the factors that may influence a person’s reported propensity to deceive and ultimately be used to improve security procedures designed to protect critical information systems.
The Historical Significance of the Discovery of Long-Term Potentiation: An Overview and Evaluation for Nonexperts
Authors: Patihis Lawrence 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
This article evaluates, in nontechnical language for those not familiar with neuroscience jargon, the historical significance of Bliss and Lømo’s (1973) landmark discovery of long term potentiation (LTP) by establishing precedent context, describing the finding, and then looking at the subsequent decades of LTP research. To set the LTP discovery in context, the article briefly reviews the precedent theories of synaptic information storage and the empirical precedents of frequency potentiation, synaptic facilitation, and the identification of the hippocampal area as being memory related. I then discuss and explain Bliss and Lømo’s initial work whereby they found synaptic strengthening that lasted for hours. To better evaluate the importance of their discovery, the article discusses the confirmatory evidence of the decades of LTP research that followed. In this way the article evaluates the replicability, generalizability, and mechanisms behind the phenomena. Perhaps most importantly, I discuss the evidence for LTP being an important mechanism that explains some aspects of learning and memory. The article concludes that at this time Bliss and Lømo’s discovery looks to be a profound discovery in the history of science.
Supplementary color figures are available at https://www.press.uillinois.edu/journals/ajp/media/patihis/long_term_potentiation
The Development of Oral History in the United States: the evolution toward interdisciplinary
Authors: Dunaway David king 
Published: August 2018

This article discusses the development of oral history in the United States and how this has led the field to becoming interdisciplinary in interesting and useful ways. It traces its origins in the 17th century and explains its establishment as method (oral data collection), a subfield of history (oral historiography) and a resource for teachers, communities, and researchers of all kinds (oral history). The author describes the practical applications of oral history in other fields such as anthropology, education/ teaching, ethnic studies/ethnohistory/American studies, folklore, gerontology, legal studies, literary history, media studies and media production, and women and gender studies. A review of oral history guides is also given. The article ends with an update on how oral historians are coping with the new, anti-intellectual orientation of President Trump and his right-wing agenda. Keywords: Oral History. USA. Oral Data Collection. History-Telling.
Abordagens possíveis do ser religioso, do manifestar a fé e do viver experiências de crença: religiões e religiosidades a partir da história ensinada
Authors: Dillmann Mauro 
Published: August 2018

Este artigo apresenta algumas reflexões sobre os significados e as possibilidades de abordagem de religiões e religiosidades no ensino de história, apresentando também os possíveis sentidos de aprendizagens sobre experiências religiosas na disciplina, bem como as emergências de suas concepções, que podem ser problematizadas nas aulas de história. Trata-se dos significados teóricos de narrativas históricas que são construídas e que podem ser acionadas no ensino de história de modo a propor (condições de) possibilidades de aprendizagem histórica, de ser e viver religiosamente ou não, e de realizar escolhas de ação relativas ao senso de liberdade (religiosa) do presente. Palavras-chave: Ensino de História. Religiões e religiosidades. Tempo Presente.
A reivindicação política da identidade regional: a identidade latino-americana nos documentos oficiais do Mercosul e Unasul
Authors: Barom Wilian Carlos Cipriani 
Published: August 2018

O presente artigo busca refletir sobre identidade e regionalismo político latino-americano a partir da análise das normativas oficiais criadas para a integração. Observando as narrativas destes documentos, atenta-se, especificamente, à forma como reivindicam a ideia da identidade latino-americana para a região. O recorte temporal escolhido foi o período das últimas três décadas e os documentos analisados foram: Tratado de Assunção (1991); Protocolo de Intenções (1991); Planos trienais (1992 – 2015); Tratado Constitutivo da União das Nações Sul-Americanas (2008); Estatuto do Conselho Sul-Americano de Educação (2012); e Plano Estratégico Quinquenal para a educação (2013-2017). Palavras-chave: Identidade. Integração Latino-americana. Educação – América Latina. Mercosul. Unasul.
D’une langue à l’autre : les transformations du texte de deux nouvelles d’Honoré de Balzac dans des versions anglaises, espagnoles et chinoises
Authors: Aubin Marie-Christine 
Published: August 2018

Balzac le suggère dans sa Physiologie du mariage, « [l]ire, c’est créer peut-être à deux » (1976, t. XI, p. 1019). Ce qui est vrai de l’amateur de livres l’est encore plus du traducteur, lecteur primordial chargé de réécrire le texte en langue étrangère. Dans le présent article, nous observons deux nouvelles de Balzac, Le Réquisitionnaire (1831) et L’Élixir de longue vie (1830), traduites en anglais, espagnol et chinois. Cette observation s’inscrit dans le prolongement des théories de la réception, notamment des plus récentes qui intègrent la dimension culturelle à l’activité de traduction, mais nous nous fondons surtout sur le modèle macro- et transtextuel que propose O’Neill (2005). Il s’agit d’un système multilingue complexe, composé de l’ensemble des textes, en langues étrangères et originale, qui englobe l’auteur du texte original, ses traducteurs et tous les prolongements et toutes les transformations – heureuses ou malheureuses – réalisées à partir du texte initial. Cette approche macrotextuelle nous permettra non seulement d’observer l’impact de Balzac dans le monde, mais aussi d’élucider quelques-unes des stratégies employées par les traducteurs pour mener à bien leur entreprise : stratégies de nature stylistique pour rendre les aspects perçus du style de Balzac, mais aussi stratégies d’acculturation ou de dépaysement comme elles ont pu être discutées par Schleiermacher, Venuti ou Berman. Quelles que soient ces stratégies, il apparaît très nettement qu’une fois publiée, l’oeuvre n’appartient plus à son auteur (Chan, 2010, p. 3). Celle-ci a donc une vie et des prolongements que l’auteur ne saurait soupçonner et dont les résultats lui échappent complètement. Pour illustrer ces prolongements, nous suivrons ces deux nouvelles dans quelques pays et dans quelques systèmes linguistiques et tâcherons de mesurer les transformations du texte, tant pour la forme que pour le fond.
Developing a valid and reliable assessment of knowledge translation (KT) for continuing professional development program of health professionals
Authors: Ong Irvin L. , Diño Michael Joseph S. , Calimag Maria Minerva P. , Hidalgo Fe A. 
Published: August 2018

Introduction
Knowledge Translation (KT) is expected to be a critical learning outcome of a Continuing Professional Development (CPD) program. It continues to serve as an area of interest among educators and healthcare providers due to its importance to evidence-based practice. This study endeavored to develop a valid and reliable KT learning assessment tool in CPD.

Methods
The Inventory of Reflective Vignettes (IRV), an innovative approach of integrating research vignettes, was utilized in crafting the 20-item IRV-KT tool. This instrument includes knowledge creation and action as essential KT constructs. KT competency was assessed in three segments (i.e., before and after CPD event and if in a lecture) using a one-group post-posttest pre-experimental design. Health professionals who successfully completed a CPD program on a knowledge translation topic were asked to complete the IRV-KT during the pilot study (n = 10) and actual implementation (n = 45). Responses were subjected to Cronbach’s reliability and criterion-validity testing.

Results
The initial test of the IRV-KT tool demonstrated a high internal reliability (α = 0.97) and most items yielded acceptable validity scores. During the actual implementation, a higher reliability score of 0.98 was generated with significant correlations between the before-after segments for both KT constructs of creation (r = 0.33, p < 0.05) and action (r = 0.49, p < 0.05). All items have significant positive validity coefficients (r > 0.35, p < 0.05) in all segments of the tool.

Discussion
The study produced a reflective assessment tool to validly and reliably assess KT learning in a CPD. IRV-KT is seen to guide the curriculum process of CPD programs to bridge learning and healthcare outcomes.
Race, Neighborhood Disadvantage, and Prehospital Law Enforcement Handcuffing in Children With Behavioral Health Emergencies
Authors: Watkins Kenshata , Glomb Nicolaus W. , Trivedi Tarak K. , Leibovich Sara A. , Cruz-Romero Marisol , Daftary Rajesh K. , Kornblith Aaron E. , Foster Ashley A. , Schriger David L. , Sporer Karl A. , Kellison Colleen , Hong Timothy , Grupp-Phelan Jacqueline 
Published: November 2024

ImportanceMinoritized youth and children in resource-limited neighborhoods rely on emergency medical services (EMS) for accessing care, including during behavioral health emergencies (BHEs). Law enforcement (LE) officers sometimes use forceful tactics in such settings. Assessing LE actions is needed to ensure safe and equitable care for vulnerable populations.ObjectiveTo examine whether race and ethnicity, neighborhood disadvantage, sex, and age are associated with LE handcuffing during pediatric BHEs.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cross-sectional study analyzed LE handcuffing, demographic factors, and neighborhood disadvantage in Alameda County, California. The study population included children younger than 18 years who were evaluated by EMS for BHEs between January 1, 2012, and June 30, 2019. Data analysis was completed between January 1, 2022, and August 30, 2023.ExposuresPrimary exposures included race and ethnicity and Area Deprivation Index (ADI) rank as ADI I (1-3 [lowest]), ADI II (4-6 [moderate]), and ADI III (7-10 [highest]).Main Outcome and MeasureThe primary outcome was LE handcuffing during BHEs. The study calculated handcuffing proportions stratified by race and ethnicity, ADI, and sex.ResultsThe final dataset consisted of 6759 pediatric BHE encounters with complete data. Among these, 3864 encounters (57.2%) were with females. The median age was 14.9 (IQR, 13.4-16.2) years. Overall, LE handcuffing occurred in 517 encounters (7.6%); Black children had higher odds than their White peers (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 1.80; 95% CI, 1.39-2.33). Compared with low neighborhood disadvantage, moderate neighborhood disadvantage was independently associated with increased odds of handcuffing (ADI II: AOR, 1.51; 95% CI, 1.21-1.88), as was highest neighborhood disadvantage (ADI III: AOR, 1.54; 95% CI, 1.19-1.99). Male sex (AOR, 2.31; 95% CI, 1.91-2.79) and age (AOR per 1-year increase, 1.15; 95% CI, 1.10-1.21) were also associated with increased odds of handcuffing. In moderately disadvantaged neighborhoods, the odds were higher for Black children (AOR, 2.52; 95% CI, 1.65-3.86). When stratified by sex, the odds of handcuffing were significantly higher for Black females compared with White females (AOR, 2.59; 95% CI, 1.69-3.98).Conclusions and RelevanceThe findings of this cross-sectional study suggest that accessing EMS for BHEs may expose Black children and youth in disadvantaged neighborhoods to LE use of handcuffing. Emergency medical services should reconsider the role of LE officers in these settings.
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Auditory Verbal Hallucinations in Schizophrenia
Authors: Hua Qiang , Wang Lu , He Kongliang , Sun Jinmei , Xu Wenqiang , Zhang Li , Tian Yanghua , Wang Kai , Ji Gong-Jun 
Published: November 2024

ImportanceAuditory verbal hallucinations (AVH) are a common symptom of schizophrenia, increasing the patient’s risks of suicide and violence. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a potential treatment for AVH.ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of imaging-navigated rTMS on AVH in patients with schizophrenia.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis 6-week, double-blind, sham-controlled, randomized clinical trial was performed at the Anhui Mental Health Center, Hefei, China, from September 1, 2016, to August 31, 2021. Participants included 66 patients with AVH and schizophrenia. Data were analyzed from May 1, 2022, to March 31, 2023.InterventionsParticipants were randomly assigned 1:1 to either imaging-navigated active or sham rTMS over the left temporoparietal junction for 2 weeks.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome measured improvements in AVH from baseline to week 2 and week 6 using the Auditory Hallucination Rating Scale (AHRS) scores. In addition, the TMS-induced electric field strength was used to estimate improvements in AVH as a secondary outcome.ResultsA total of 62 participants (33 women [53%]; mean [SD] age, 27.4 [9.2] years) completed the 2-week treatments. Of these, 32 were randomized to the active rTMS group (18 women [56%]; mean [SD] age, 26.9 [9.2] years) and 30 to the sham treatment group (15 women [50%]; mean [SD] age, 27.8 [9.4] years). In the intention-to-treat analyses, patients receiving active rTMS showed a significantly greater reduction in AHRS scores compared with those receiving sham treatment at week 2 (difference, 5.96 [95% CI, 3.42-8.50]; t = 4.61; P &amp;lt; .001; Cohen d, 1.17 [95% CI, 0.62-1.71]). These clinical effects were sustained at week 6. Additionally, a stronger TMS-induced electric field within a predefined AVH brain network was associated with greater reductions in AHRS scores (B = 3.12; t = 3.58; P = .002). No serious adverse event was observed.Conclusions and RelevanceThe findings of this randomized clinical trial suggest that imaging-navigated rTMS may effectively and safely alleviate AVH in patients with schizophrenia. Findings also suggest that the electric field strength in the individualized AVH network is a vital parameter for optimizing the efficacy of the rTMS protocol.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02863094
Replenishing co‐downregulated miR‐100‐5p and miR‐125b‐5p in malignant germ cell tumors causes growth inhibition through cell cycle disruption
Authors: Ferraresso Marta , Bailey Shivani , Alonso‐Crisostomo Luz , Ward Dawn , Panayi Christos , Scurlock Zachary G. L. , Saini Harpreet K. , Smith Stephen P. , Nicholson James C. , Enright Anton J. , Scarpini Cinzia G. , Coleman Nicholas , Murray Matthew J. 
Published: November 2024

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short, nonprotein‐coding RNAs, and their expression is dysregulated in malignant germ cell tumors (GCTs). Here, we investigated the causes and consequences of downregulated miR‐99a‐5p/miR‐100‐5p (functionally identical) and miR‐125b‐5p levels in malignant GCTs regardless of age, site, or subtype. Quantitative RT‐PCR was used to assess miR‐99a‐5p/miR‐100‐5p, miR‐125b‐5p, and associated gene expression in malignant GCT tissues/cell lines [seminoma (Sem), yolk sac tumor (YST), embryonal carcinoma (EC)]. Cells were treated with demethylating 5‐azacytidine and pyrosequencing was performed. Combination miR‐100‐5p/miR‐125b‐5p mimic replenishment was used to treat malignant GCT cells. Global messenger RNA (mRNA) targets of the replenished miRNAs were identified and Metascape used to study pathway effects. We found that expression levels of miR‐99a‐5p/miR‐100‐5p and miR‐125b‐5p, their respective pri‐miRNAs, and associated genes from chromosomes 11 and 21 (chr11/chr21) were downregulated and highly correlated in malignant GCT cells. Treatment with 5‐azacytidine caused upregulation of these miRNAs, with pyrosequencing revealing hypermethylation of their chr11/chr21 loci, likely contributing to miR‐100‐5p/miR‐125b‐5p downregulation. Combination miR‐100‐5p/miR‐125b‐5p mimic replenishment resulted in growth inhibition in Sem/YST cells, with miR‐100‐5p/miR‐125b‐5p mRNA targets enriched in downregulated genes, which were involved in cell cycle (confirmed by flow cytometry) and signaling pathways. Knockdown of the miR‐100‐5p/miR‐125b‐5p target tripartite motif containing 71 (TRIM71kd) recapitulated miR‐100‐5p/miR‐125b‐5p replenishment, with growth inhibition and cell cycle disruption of Sem/YST/EC cells. Further, replenishment led to reduced lin‐28 homolog A (LIN28A) levels and concomitant increases in let‐7 (MIRLET7B) tumor suppressor miRNAs, creating a sustained reversion of cell phenotype. In summary, combination miR‐100‐5p/miR‐125b‐5p mimic replenishment or TRIM71kd caused growth inhibition in malignant GCT cells via cell cycle disruption. Further studies are now warranted, including mimic treatment alongside conventional platinum‐based chemotherapy.