bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The possibilities of diagnosis and treatment of urogenital schistosomatosis in current conditions
Authors: Asfandiyarov F. R. , Startsev V. Yu. , Kolmakov A. Yu. 
Published: October 2018

Introduction.Globalization contributes to the increase in cases of “exotic” bacterial and parasitic infections importation from the countries of the tropical belt to the territory of our country and to European states.Purpose of research. Study and analysis of data on the methods of diagnosis and treatment of urogenital schistosomiasis at the present stageMaterials and methods. The study includes an analysis of the examination and treatment results of 181 patients with urogenital schistosomiasis (US) living in the province of Benguela, Republic of Angola. In 39 (21,5%) cases are revealed schistosomal bladder cancer. All patients with schistosomal bladder cancer (SBC) were operated. 142 patients (78.5%) were divided into two groups. Group I (n = 74) consisted of patients with uncomplicated MS, into group II (n = 68) patients had granulomatous proliferative inflammatory changes in the bladder.Results.Patients with US (n = 142) were examined on an outpatient basis. Cytological exmination of urine sediment (CEUS) showed that eggs of schistosomes were detected in 38 (26.8%) patients. Ultrasound showed specific granulomatous changes in the mucous membrane of the urinary bladder in 28 (19.7%) patients. In 7 (4.9%) cases it showed hydronephrosis, calcification. Bladder wall thickening were detected in 10 (7%) and 99 (69.7%) cases, respectively. Endoscopic examination showed the presence of granulomatous changes in the bladder in 68 (47.9%) patients. Patients of group I (n = 74) received «Praziquantel» in combination with oral antibiotic therapy, which resulted in the relief of macrohematuria and urination disorders. All patients of group II (n = 68) also underwent antibacterial and antiprotozoal therapy. In addition, 35 (24.6%) patients underwent transurethral resection of the bladder (TURB). The results of control observations showed the restoration of bladder mucous layer. Of the 33 (23.2%) patients in Group II who received only antibacterial and antiprotozoal therapy, granulomatous changes persisted in 7 (4.9%) patients. In connection with this, TURB was performed for these patients. Subsequent control studies showed regression of the formations in this group of patientsConclusions.CEUS and ultrasound are not sufficient for diagnosis of US. Cystoscopy is suitable for all patients with MS. It allows to estimate the volume of the bladder lesion, and to determine the indications for performing TURP in addition to the use of antiparasitic and antibacterial therapy.
Antibiotic resistance of pathogens causing uncomplicated urinary tract infections in Russian Federation
Authors: Rafalsky V. V. 
Published: October 2018

Introduction.The choice of antibiotic for the treatment of uncomplicated urinary tract infections (UTI) is mainly carried out empirically. At the same time, it should correspond to local data on the sensitivity of uropathogens to antibacterial drugs. If the level of uropathogen resistance in the region is more than 10-20% to any antibiotic, its use should be limited to empirical therapy.Purpose of research.Identify the structure of pathogens of uncomplicated UTIs and determine the dynamics of their sensitivity to the most commonly used antibacterial drugs.Materials and methods.This article presents a summary data of Russian multicenter epidemiological on the etiology of uncomplicated UTIs and the resistance of pathogens to antibiotics. The study are included female outpatients meeting the following criteria: 1) non-pregnant women over 18; 2) the presence of lower UTIs (acute or exacerbation of chronic cystitis); 3) uropathogen isolation > 103 CFU/ml with a positive test results for the presence of leukocytes in the urine and >105 CFU/ml for any test results for the presence of leukocytes in the urine.Results.The most frequent uropathogen causing uncomplicated UTI is E. coli, which is excreted in 72.4% - 90.6% of patients. Cephalosporins of the third generation (cefixime), Nitrofurantoin, Fosfomycin have a high microbiological activity against E. coli, the frequency of resistant strains to them is 0%, 0-1.9% and 0%, respectively. The persistently high resistance of E. coli strains is determined to Ampicillin (33.1% - 41.5%) and Co-trimoxazole (19.3% - 26.2%). For non-fluorinated and fluorinated quinolones, there is a tendency to increase the proportion of resistant strains during the study period.Conclusions.High generation Cephalosporins (cefixime), Nitrofurantoin, Fosfomycin have high activity against uropathogens сausing uncomplicated UTI. Ampicillin and Co-trimoxazole cannot be considered the drugs of choice for the treatment of uncomplicated UTI according to currently established criteria.
Ectopic Eyelid Cilia in a 15 years old Girl: A Rare Presentation
Authors: Godar Manita Sunam , Shrestha Dr Ruchi , Godar Dr Krishna Chandra 
Published: October 2018

Introduction: Eyelashes are unique hair follicles normally found at the eyelid margin. The spectrum of cilial anomalies includes cilial row duplication, agenesis and ectopic placement. Ectopic cilia are the rarest of cilial anomalies.
Case Report: A 15 years old girl presented with the complaints of eyeache and headache for three months. She also complained of extra lashes over left upper eyelid with secretion of tears while crying from the area of extra lashes. She was a diagnosed case of epilepsy under treatment for three months.
On examination, visual acuity was 6/6p in right eye and 6/6p in left eyewith best corrected visual acuity being 6/6 with -0.25DS in both the eyes. The anterior and posterior segment findings were normal except for presence of extra bunch of cilia on the temporal side of the left upper eyelid two mm above the upperlid crease with dimpling of the underlying skin.
Conclusion: Ectopic cilia,a rare congenital condition, is asymptomatic and surgical treatment can be done for cosmetic correction.
Keywords: cilia, ectopic, eyelid
Immune RECIST criteria and symptomatic pseudoprogression in non-small cell lung cancer patients treated with immunotherapy
Authors: Vrankar Martina , Unk Mojca 
Published: October 2018

Abstract

Background
Uncommon response during immunotherapy is a new challenging issue in oncology practice. Recently, new criteria for evaluation of response to immunotherapy immune response evaluation criteria in solid tumors (iRECIST) were accepted. According to iRECIST, worsening of performance status (PS) accompanied to pseudoprogression reflects most probably the true progression of the malignant disease.

Methods
A systematic review of the literature was made by using several electronic database with the following search criteria: symptomatic pseudoprogression, atypical response, immunotherapy and lung cancer.

Results
In the literature, we identified five reports of seven patients treated with immunotherapy that met the inclusion criteria. We also report our experience of patient with pseudoprogression and almost complete response after one dose of immunotherapy.

Conclusions
As seen from our review, iRECIST criteria might be insufficient in distinguishing true progression from pseudoprogression in some patients with advanced NSCLC treated with immunotherapy. More precise assessment methods are urgently needed.
Soil–steel structure shell displacement functions based on tensometric measurements
Authors: Machelski Czesław 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
This paper analyses the effects of loads that change their location, i.e. moving but quasi-static loads. Displacements defining the deformation of the soil–steel structure’s shell buried in soil are calculated from the results of measurements performed using a dense grid of points located on the circumferential section of the corrugated plate. In this way, all the components of the structure, namely the corrugated plate, the backfill and the pavement with its foundation, as well as the natural (real) principles of their interaction, are taken into account in the solution. In the proposed algorithm, unit strains are converted into displacements, whereby results as accurate as the ones obtained by direct experimental measurements are obtained. The algorithm’s main advantages are that the number of points is limitless, they are regularly distributed on the circumferential section of the shell and any displacement directions can be obtained. Consequently, the deformations of the shell can be faithfully reproduced. The algorithm’s convenient feature is that one can use a simplified computational diagram of the shell in the form of a beam having the shape of the shell in 2D space (without the other components of the soil–steel structure). The advantage of this measuring method (electric resistance tensometry) is that there is no need to build the solid scaffold used for displacement measurements. The research focuses on the analysis of the displacements and the unit strains arising during the primary and secondary (return) travel of the load.
China’s stance towards the applicability of the common heritage of mankind governance regime to the Arctic
Authors: Kienko E. V. 
Published: October 2018

Introduction.The article provides an analysis of China’s tough stance towards the applicability of the governance regime of the common heritage of mankind to the Arctic referring to the Part XI of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, 1982, in the general context of contemporary inter­national law. Materials and methods.General scien­tific and private scientific methods of cogni­tion constitutes the methodological basis for the study. Results of the study.In the course of the study the author concludes that China’s current stance towards the governance regime of the International seabed area as the common heritage of mankind and towards the international maritime law as a whole should not have exclusively negative assessments as it was during the period of the confrontation between the Soviet Union and the People’s Republic of China in 1960-1980. Objectively the long-term interests of the People’s Republic of China and the Russian Fed­eration in the maintenance of international maritime law are aligned. However, a contemporary legal poli­cy of China differs from the policy stated at the Third United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea. It became more focused on the promotion of China’s national interests in the Arctic, on the creation of the Area of the common heritage of mankind in the Arc­tic Ocean, even though none of the Arctic Coastal State advocate this stance. Conclusions.In this article the author balanc­es China’s arguments in favour of applicability of norms of the international law related to the com­mon heritage of mankind to the Arctic with the Arc­tic Coastal States’ arguments against it according to the doctrine in the sphere of the international law in which the legal concept of the common heritage of mankind is clarified. The author reveals reasons of China’s support of the concept of the common heri­tage of mankind initiated by the USA and China’s effort to broadly interpret it especially towards the Arctic in terms of the Arctic Coastal States’ stance towards this issue contained in the materials of the Third United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea (1973 – 1982).
Justice as a security function of the human rights nature of judicial authority
Authors: Grebnev R. D. 
Published: October 2018

Introduction.In the article the author’s view of justice as one of the most important security func­tions of the human rights nature of judicial author­ity is set out. The author defines the factors which determine the level of credibility and the nature of as­sessment by society of judicial authorities’ work (as a result – all judicial system of Russia). The nature of judicial authority, its structure and system in many respects are based on the function of justice (imple­mentation of judicial authority in the system of divi­sion of the authorities) as most important type of law enforcement and also on the nature and functions of legislature adopting laws which are then construed by court. Only the court, based on construction and analysis of standards of legislation (analogy of leg­islation) and law (analogy of law), within the “cor­ridor” of the current legislation, can draw the final conclusion which can be equated to the law based on its validity and need for its execution by obligatory use of coercion. Materials and methods.The methodological basis of the research includes the following general scientific and special methods of researching legal phenomena and processes in the sphere of the judicial law and justice: method of the system and structural analysis; synthesis method; analysis method; com­parative method; formal method; statistical method. Results of a research.As a result of the analysis it is revealed that law enforcement is possible only on the basis of interpretation or specification of law by a judge in each individual case. Law enforcement is law in operation, and justice (under the judicial acts which have come into force) a final way of ensur­ing universality and uniformity of rules of law. Law enforcement is impossible without the current legis­lation which is exposed to continuous changes and additions; which change law enforcement itself. Discussion and conclusions.It is proved that the structure of judicial system is defined by the hu­man rights nature of judicial authority and by the character of the substantive law applied in each type of legal proceedings. The author of the dissertation suggests proceeding from a new – the author’s – understanding that judicial authority by means of a security function of justice is a source of creation of the standards of behavior (forbidding, obliging) for certain citizens and/or their groups. It is proved that the understanding of justice only as the type of human rights activity is narrow and doesn’t meet the purposes of improvement of the judicial system of Russia.
Ugent International Legal Issues of Settling Disputes in the Field of Space Activities
Authors: Yusbashyan M. R. 
Published: October 2018

Introduction.International space law (“ISL”) does not provide a specialized coherent system of dispute settlement (“SCSDS”). Up to now the ab­sence of such a system has had no negative impact on development of either ISL, or space activity (“SA”), however this fact does not exclude the necessity of elaboration of SCSDS. The article analyzes factors potentially influencing increase in the number of space related disputes, methods of “risk manage­ment” of occurrence of disputes, as well as existing general and sectoral dispute resolution mechanisms applicable to space activities within the context of specific features of ISL. Materials and methods.The theoretical back­ground of this research consists of works of distin­guished scholars and specialists in ISL as well as ma­terials of diverse conferences on ISL. The analytical framework includes the UN Charter, the UN treaties on outer space, relevant UN GA resolutions, as well as the Permanent Court of Arbitration optional rules of 1997 and 2011. The research is based on methods such as formal logic, including analysis, synthesis, analogy and modeling, as well as systematic, com­parative and interpretation. Results.Following the analysis, it is found that: 1) specific features of ISL, including the existence of unsettled legal issues, as well as the trends in the SA development directly impact the increase in risks of occurrence of international disputes; 2) although specific features of responsibility and liability in ISL can impact the increase in the number of disputes, on the one hand, on the other – cumulatively they contribute to prevention of potential disputes; 3) at the present stage effective application and potential combination of the existing means of dispute resolu­tion may lead to finding of new means that might be able to fill in the legal vacuum created by the absence of SCSDS in ISL. Discussions and conclusion.To reduce risks of dispute occurrence and effective resolution of the existing disputes the following conclusions and rec­ommendations are provided on: 1) the primary ne­cessity of regulation of the unsettled issues of ISL; 2) the determination of methods of “risk management” of the dispute occurrence in the context of the specific features of ISL; 3) the use of the PCA dispute reso­lution system that allows taking into account both the specific features of the contemporary SA and the necessity of its coherent legal regulation, as well as effectively using and combining diverse means of dispute resolution, in particular, establishment of fact-finding commissions of inquiry; 4) in the longer term – the necessity of establishment of SCSDS on a treaty basis.
On synergy of economics and propaganda
Authors: Koshmarov M. Yu. , Trubetskoy A. Yu. 
Published: October 2018

Introduction.The article explores the evolution of the global economic system in the context of economic theories developed by Smith, Keynes, and Friedman and the impact of propaganda on that evolution. Materials and methods.The study used both General scientific and traditional methods used in political science and Economics. Research result.The influence of propaganda is evidenced by the uprise of the Keynes-Bernays model in the middle of the 20th century, followed by the neo-economic model the beginning of the 21st century in which propaganda is dominating. In this model supply and demand, as well as value added, quotations, prices, etc. are created by the flows of information. Furthermore, the article introduces the “rule of four parts” which is characteristic of the modern labor market in developed countries. The data about the newest computer technologies in propaganda lead to the conclusions on its new potential in politics and economics. Conclusion.The authors postulate the synergy between propaganda and economy, a phenomenon which requires further research.
Special features of Russian political culture: history and the modernity
Authors: Kozhemyakov A. S. 
Published: October 2018

Introduction. The article is dedicated to the analysis of some basic characteristics of Russian political culture, in particular in the post October 1917 Revolution’ period. At the same time it was underlined that these characteristics were not a simple “print” of “October Revolution” but have their roots far in the past, including some ontologi­cal components. The basic elements of Russian po­litical culture (far from being fully described in this article) are presented with reference to the practice of Russian government’s activities. The controversial nature of correlation between Russian political cul­ture and radical changes in Russian politics in the 20th century was also put forward. Materials and methods. Methods of scientific cognition, abstraction, generalization, analysis, syn­thesis, and comparative methods were used in the course of research and presentation of the theoretical approaches of Russian and foreign researchers re­lated to “political culture”. Russian political history of XX century, and beyond, provided large scope of necessary materials for this article. Results of the study. The analysis of Russian political culture has as its outcome the presentation of a hierarchy of “elements” including the basic ones and many additional which are also present and acting in social and political practices in mod­ern Russia. Discussion and conclusions. The study shows that “political culture” is not only an abstract con­cept within a political science and theory, but also a very important “operational tool” for decision-making process and practice of government. The lack of an adequate perception of acting politi­cal culture by a political elite might create an im­portant distortion especially during radical social changes. In conclusion the author announced the topic of his further research on the “culture of Rus­sian foreign policy” based on the findings of this article.
A New Paradigm of Pharmaceutical Drug Delivery Systems (DDS) : Challenges for Space, Time, and Shapes
Authors: Kim Namsoo , Eo Jaeseok , Cepeda Brandon , Kim Jihye 
Published: October 2018

Using 3D food printing with the Internet of Things (IoT) technology, patients can receive diagnoses and prescriptions from their doctors while in the comfort of their homes. The patient-specific prescription has been innovated by converging 3D food printing technology with drug delivery systems (DDSs). Quantitative drug dosages can be incorporated into the composition of food and produced in any shape within a short time. Automating food and DDSs makes promising implications for healing patients remotely, as well. Each of these aspects, along with IoT technology, have contributed to increased health care for patients, no matter their location. The quantitative discharge of vitamin C melted in water, mayonnaise, ketchup, and peanut butter has been verified using the Piston Typed Extrusion (PTE) method. Designs with different curves and shapes were repeatedly printed with a head speed of 1.6×10-2 m/s, and it was confirmed that effective control while printing the shapes was possible. The Hagen-Poiseuille (HP) formula was utilized to simulate the overall printing time. This simulation affirmed that increasing the head speed from 1.6×10-2 m/s to 4.0×10-2 m/s had reduced the printing time consistently, but the time was not reduced continuously after 4.0×10-2 m/s, depending on the materials’ viscosities and how much curvature exists in the designs. The precision of printing was adjusted within 5% of the theoretical value during printing, and the IoT technology allowed printing of the materials within five minutes, regardless of the patient’s location.

Article Type: Original Research
Factors Affecting Employees’ Religiosity at the Public Workplace in Kepulauan Riau, Indonesia
Authors: Yudiatmaja Wayu Eko , Edison Edison , Samnuzulsari Tri 
Published: October 2018

Currently, religiosity has become an emerging topic in the literature of public administration. Most research examines the dimensions of religiosity and their relationships with various organizational dimensions. Much less attention, however, has been paid to analyze the factors affecting employees’ religiosity, particularly in the context of public organization. Therefore, this study investigates the critical factors affecting employees’ religiosity. This study is conducted on 262 public servants in the Government of Kepulauan Riau Province. An extensive literature and questionnaire were used to identify the factors affecting employees’ religiosity. This study applied statistical methods with ranking and factor analyses to verify and analyze the factors. Ranking analysis results the most important factors, namely family religious activity. Factor analysis constructs 5 components, including personal belief system, implementing religious belief, family religiousness, religious practices, and belief on the death. Theoretical, methodological, and practical implications are provided in the light of these findings.