bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unbiased atomistic insight in the competing nucleation mechanisms of methane hydrates
Authors: Arjun  , Berendsen Thom A. , Bolhuis Peter G. 
Published: September 2019

Significance
Mixtures of methane gas and water can form ice-like solid methane hydrates via homogeneous nucleation at natural, moderate conditions. Understanding the formation of the different hydrate polymorphs, required for improved control of crystallization, is hampered by limited experimental resolution. Direct molecular dynamics simulations could provide insight, but it would require computation times beyond the age of the Universe for a single nucleation event to take place. Yet, the nucleation event itself, while rare, occurs fast. Therefore, we sample and examine ensembles of rare unbiased nucleation trajectories. Detailed analysis shows how selection between competing amorphous and crystalline polymorph formation mechanisms takes place. The conclusions shed light onto the formation of clathrate hydrates.
Anne Frank in the ultra-Catholic Franco period
Authors: Fernández-Gil María Jesús 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThis paper examines Spaniards’ responses to the Americanised construction of Anne Frank and her diary. In addition to analysing the context in which the first translation into Castilian Spanish was published, consideration is given to the transformative moves that the original text and the Broadway and Hollywood rewritings of the diary underwent when they were made available in Spain in the second half of the 1950s. Special attention is paid to the discursive reconfiguration of the mythicised view built around the figure of Anne Frank in the United States and to its challenge and exploitation in the ultra-Catholic years of Franco’s regime. In that sense, one of the major driving forces behind this paper is answering the question of whether or not the reception of this text in Francoist Spain was affected by the fact that its author was an adolescent, a Jew, and a woman.
Transport signatures of symmetry protection in 1D Floquet topological insulators
Authors: Balabanov Oleksandr , Johannesson Henrik 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Time-periodic external drives have emerged as a powerful tool to artificially create topological phases of matter. Prime examples are Floquet topological insulators (FTIs), where a gapped bulk supports in-gap edge states, protected against symmetry-preserving local perturbations. Similar to an ordinary static topological insulator, the robustness of an edge state in a one-dimensional (1D) FTI shows up as a pinning of its quasienergy level, but now inside one of two distinct bulk gaps. Here we propose a scheme for probing this unique feature by observing transport characteristics of a 1D finite-sized FTI attached to external leads. We present predictions for transmission spectra using a nonequilibrium Green’s function approach. Our analysis covers FTIs with time-independent and periodically driven boundary perturbations which either preserve or break the protecting chiral symmetry.
Bioelectrical impedance analysis, hydrometry and hydrodensitometry for body composition assessment in adult Colombian women
Authors: Caicedo-Eraso J C , Gonzalez-Correa C H , Gonzalez-Correa C A , Gallagher D 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is a noninvasive method for assessment of body composition with better accuracy, and less inter-observer error than anthropometry. Despite these advantages, reported BIA equations may not be suitable for populations other than where they were developed. The aim of this study was to develop equations for single-frequency (SF) BIA and bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy (BIS) using a three compartment (3C) model as the criterion method to predict total body water (TBW) and fat-free mass (FFM) in South-American adult women. A cross-sectional observational study was conducted using a convenience sample (n=40). SF-BIA and BIS prediction equations were developed using forward-stepwise multiple regression with TBW by D2O and FFM by 3C model as dependent variables; and weight, resistance and impedance index (stature2/resistance) as independent variables. A cross-validation was conducted in a randomly split subsample (n=20). Four final equations were developed. There were no differences between SF-BIA and BIS equations for TBW (p=0.68) and FFM (p=0.66). The cross-validation showed a strong association and broadly meets the limits of agreement with the 3C reference method. The equations have an excellent goodness-of-fit to predict TBW and FFM. Validation of these equations in populations of different ages and ethnicities is warranted.
Intra-Abdominal Pressure Monitoring by Surface Bioimpedance Estimation
Authors: David M , Yellin E , Pracca F , Simini F 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) is produced by an accumulation of liquids in the abdominal cavity. In such case, the intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) increases, and the abdominal wall is stretched. Previously, an inverse correlation between the abdominal wall’s thickness and the IAP was theorized. Since the abdominal wall can be modelled as a compound of parallel dielectric slabs, changes in their width have direct effect on its overall bioimpedance. Numerical analyses of the bioimpedance as a function of the compression of the abdominal wall were verified by an in-situ trial on a porcine model. In this work, we present the project of a medical grade bioimpedance spectroscopy system along with a summary of our findings.
Revised Floyd-Warshall Algorithm to Find Optimal Path in Similarity-Weight Network and Its Application in the Analysis of Global Value Chain
Authors: Xing Lizhi , Li Yujie 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
This paper focuses on measuring the globally and nationally economic system’s connectedness and industrial sector’s function on the Global Value Chain (GVC), as reinforcements to the present studies on international trade. Firstly, we reconsidered the length-related and position-related measures in literatures about vertical specialization from the perspective of econophysics. Secondly, we redefined the inter-country and inter-sector propagating process of intermediate goods and proposed the concept of Strongest Relevance Path Length (SRPL) based on Revised Floyd-Warshall Algorithm (RFWA), which is the basis of new measurement. Thirdly, enlightened by betweenness centrality of node and edge, we introduced SRPL-based index to measure the Value-Added Pivotability of Industrial Sectors and Input-Output Relationships. Fourthly, we also proposed the concepts of Backward Closeness and Forward Closeness of Industrial Sectors based on closeness centrality.
A prediction model for superconductor critical temperature using stepwise discriminant analysis based on feature extraction
Authors: Guo P C , Li Wei , Su Z Y 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Although the critical temperature is a very important step for the extensive application of superconductors, it’s difficult to find the correlations of many kinds of physical superconductor properties and guarantee the accuracy in predicting the critical temperature. In this paper, an efficient prediction model using stepwise discriminant analysis based on feature extraction is provided to give the reduction of superconductor physical properties and predict the superconductor critical temperature. Firstly principal component analysis and clustering analysis are implemented to reduce the data dimension of superconductor physical properties and give the reductive clusters to complete the feature extraction. The 71 physical properties data of 1300 superconductors is efficiently reduced to 3 main components and 7 clusters. According to the extracted features and improved stepwise discriminant analysis based on the principle of binary search, bayesian discriminant function of each layer is established. At last, Python programming is designed to input the characteristic values and output the predicted the range of critical temperature to finish the efficient computer implementation of this model. Its result that only to the fifth layer, the superconductor critical temperature accuracy of 20,000 × 71 data matrix is 3. 125 has verified the efficiency of this model.
Dynamic Behaviour of a Mono-pile with Skirted Template Structure for Offshore Wind-Power System
Authors: Lee  , Hua Hsien , Hsieh H.-Y. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The purpose of this research is to develop an offshore structural system that may sustain a stronger wave and have better stability. The object of the research is a hybrid type of offshore mono-pile-template structural system, which is more flexible and relatively easier to construct compared to the heavy mass type offshore structural system. It is expected that this hybrid type of supporting structure for an offshore wind-power generation platform will have the flexibility as presented by a typical template structural and yet, consistent properties for supporting function of the structure. Two types of structure are designed for the analytical study, namely, the mono-pile supporting structural system and the hybrid type combined with the mono-pile and the template structure as an outskirt frame system. Both annual regular waves and extreme storm waves of a 100-year return period are applied to the structural system as exerting forces.
Aligned SICs and embedded tight frames in even dimensions
Authors: Andersson Ole , Dumitru Irina 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Alignment is a geometric relation between pairs of Weyl–Heisenberg SICs, one in dimension d and another in dimension

, manifesting a well-founded conjecture about a number-theoretical connection between the SICs. In this paper, we prove that if d is even, the SIC in dimension

of an aligned pair can be partitioned into (d  −  2)2 tight d
2-frames of rank

and, alternatively, into d
2 tight (d  −  2)2-frames of rank

. The corresponding result for odd d is already known, but the proof for odd d relies on results which are not available for even d. We develop methods that allow us to overcome this issue. In addition, we provide a relatively detailed study of parity operators in the Clifford group, emphasizing differences in the theory of parity operators in even and odd dimensions and discussing consequences due to such differences. In a final section, we study implications of alignment for the symmetry of the SIC.
Introducing a biomimetic coating for graphene neuroelectronics: toward in-vivo applications
Authors: Bourrier Antoine , Szarpak-Jankowska Anna , Veliev Farida , Olarte-Hernandez Renato , Shkorbatova Polina , Bonizzato Marco , Rey Elodie , Barraud Quentin , Briançon-Marjollet Anne , Auzely Rachel , Courtine Gregoire , Bouchiat Vincent , Delacour Cécile 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Electronic micro and nano-devices are suitable tools to monitor the activity of many individual neurons over mesoscale networks. However the inorganic materials currently used in microelectronics are barely accepted by neural cells and tissues, thus limiting both the sensor lifetime and efficiency. In particular, penetrating intracortical probes face high failure rate because of a wide immune response of cells and tissues. This adverse reaction called gliosis leads to the rejection of the implanted probe after few weeks and prevent long-lasting recordings of cortical neurons. Such acceptance issue impedes the realization of many neuro-rehabilitation projects. To overcome this, graphene and related carbon-based materials have attracted a lot of interest regarding their positive impact on the adhesion and regeneration of neurons, and their ability to provide high-sensitive electronic devices, such as graphene field effect transistor (G-FET). Such devices can also be implemented on numerous suitable substrates including soft substrates to match the mechanical compliance of cells and tissues, improving further the biocompatibility of the implants. Thus, using graphene as a coating and sensing device material could significantly enhance the acceptance of intracortical probes. However, such a thin monolayer of carbon atoms could be teared off during manipulation and insertion within the brain, and could also display degradation over time. In this work, we have investigated the ability to protect graphene with a natural, biocompatible and degradable polymeric film derivated from hyaluronic acid (HA). We demonstrate that HA-based coatings can be deposited over a wide range of substrates, including intracortical probes and graphene FET arrays without altering the underlying device material, its biocompatibility and sensitivity. Moreover, we show that this coating can be monitored in situ by quantifying the number of deposited charges with the G-FET arrays. The reported graphene functionalization offers promising alternatives for improving the acceptance of various neural interfaces.
Contributions to 21st century projections of extreme sea-level change around the UK
Authors: Howard Tom , Palmer Matthew D , Bricheno Lucy M 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
We provide a synthesis of results of a recent government-funded initiative to make projections of 21st century change in extreme sea levels around the coast of the United Kingdom. We compare four factors that influence future coastal flood risk: (i) time-mean sea-level (MSL) rise; (ii) changes in storm surge activity; (iii) changes in the offshore wave climate; (iv) changes in tidal amplitude arising from the increase in MSL. Our projections are dominated by the effects of MSL rise, which is typically more than five times larger than any of the other contributions. MSL is projected to rise by about 53 to 115 centimetres at the mouth of the Thames and 30 to 90 centimetres at Edinburgh (5th to 95th percentiles at 2100 relative to 1981–2000 average). Surge model projections disagree on the sign of future changes. Typical simulated changes are around +/−7 centimetres. Because of the disagreement, our best estimate is of no change from this contribution, although we cannot rule out changes of either sign. Wave model projections suggest a decrease in significant wave height of the order of 7 centimetres over the 21st century. However, the limited sample size and uncertainty in projections of changes in atmospheric circulation means that we cannot be confident about the sign of future changes in wave climate. MSL rise may induce changes in tidal amplitude of more than 15 centimetres over the 21st century for the Bristol Channel. However, models disagree on the sign of change there. Elsewhere, our projected tidal amplitude changes are mostly less than 7 centimetres. Whilst changes in MSL dominate, we have shown the potential for all processes considered here to make non-negligible contributions over the 21st century.
Inflammation and Risk of Depression in HIV: Prospective Findings From the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study
Authors: Lu Haidong , Surkan Pamela J , Irwin Michael R , Treisman Glenn J , Breen Elizabeth C , Sacktor Ned , Stall Ron , Wolinsky Steven M , Jacobson Lisa P , Abraham Alison G 
Published: September 2019

AbstractStudies suggest that inflammation might be involved in the pathogenesis of depression. Individuals with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have a higher risk of depression and elevated inflammatory profiles. Despite this, research on the link between inflammation and depression among this high-risk population is limited. We examined a sample of men who have sex with men from the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study in prospective analyses of the association between inflammation and clinically relevant depression symptoms, defined as scores >20 on Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale. We included 1,727 participants who contributed 9,287 person-visits from 1984 to 2010 (8,218 with HIV (HIV+) and 1,069 without (HIV−)). Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was used to characterize underlying inflammatory processes from 19 immune markers. Logistic regression with generalized estimating equations was used to evaluate associations between inflammatory processes and depressive symptoms stratified by HIV serostatus. Three EFA-identified inflammatory processes (EIPs) were identified. EIP-1 scores—described by soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor 2 (sTNF-R2), soluble interleukin-2 receptor α (sIL-2Rα), sCD27, B-cell activating factor, interferon γ-induced protein 10 (IP-10), soluble interleukin-6 receptor (sIL-6R), sCD14, and sGP130—were significantly associated with 9% higher odds of depressive symptoms in HIV+ participants (odds ratio = 1.09; 95% confidence interval: 1.03, 1.16) and 33% higher odds in HIV− participants (odds ratio = 1.33; 95% confidence interval: 1.09, 1.61). Findings suggest that immune activation might be involved in depression risk among both HIV+ and HIV− men who have sex with men.
Invited Commentary: Counterfactuals in Social Epidemiology—Thinking Outside of “the Box”
Authors: VanderWeele Tyler J 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
There are tensions inherent between many of the social exposures examined within social epidemiology and the assumptions embedded in quantitative potential-outcomes-based causal inference framework. The potential-outcomes framework characteristically requires a well-defined hypothetical intervention. As noted by Galea and Hernán (Am J Epidemiol. 2020;189(3):167–170), for many social exposures, such well-defined hypothetical exposures do not exist or there is no consensus on what they might be. Nevertheless, the quantitative potential-outcomes framework can still be useful for the study of some of these social exposures by creative adaptations that 1) redefine the exposure, 2) separate the exposure from the hypothetical intervention, or 3) allow for a distribution of hypothetical interventions. These various approaches and adaptations are reviewed and discussed. However, even these approaches have their limits. For certain important historical and social determinants of health such as social movements or wars, the quantitative potential-outcomes framework with well-defined hypothetical interventions is the wrong tool. Other modes of inquiry are needed.
Consistency of structural color across molts: The effects of environmental conditions and stress on feather ultraviolet reflectance
Authors: Windsor Rebecca L , Fox Gordon A , Bowman Reed 
Published: September 2019

AbstractPlumage ornamentation is often considered a signal of fitness, condition, sex, or social status. This theory holds for species with structural UV color, which is influenced by a variety of factors such as environmental pressures during molt or heritability. However, little is known about the consistency of ornamentation and signaling across time in individuals with structural color. We compared juvenile and adult feathers in free-living Florida Scrub-Jays (Aphelocoma coerulescens) to measure UV color change within individuals across molts and to assess possible sources of change. We used multiple imputation to estimate missing data and a combination of pooled estimates and model averaging to infer which parameters explain observed variation in UV color. We also tested whether adult color or relative color change from juvenile to adult plumage predicted acquisition of breeding space. UV color was not consistent across annual molts, as adult feathers reflected significantly less light but greater proportions of UV light than juvenile feathers. Juvenile color was most affected by quality of natal environment and maternal effects whereas adult color was influenced by condition and juvenile color. Adults dosed with corticosterone produced feathers with less UV ornamentation compared to control adults. Feather color did not predict acquisition of breeding space in adults, but females that experienced reductions in UV color across molts were more likely to obtain breeding space, which may reflect sex-specific differences in reproductive strategies in Florida Scrub-Jays. Our evidence suggests that structural color acts as a signal of sex, age, and condition; but ornamentation is only weakly related to acquisition of breeding space and thus unlikely to be under strong sexual selection. Ornamentation may just be one factor among many, such as personality, social dominance, or position in social networks, that determine how jays interact and compete for breeding space.
To pay or not: game theoretic models of ransomware
Authors: Cartwright Edward , Hernandez Castro Julio , Cartwright Anna 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Ransomware is a type of malware that encrypts files and demands a ransom from victims. It can be viewed as a form of kidnapping in which the criminal takes control of the victim’s files with the objective of financial gain. In this article, we review and develop the game theoretic literature on kidnapping in order to gain insight on ransomware. The prior literature on kidnapping has largely focused on political or terrorist hostage taking. We demonstrate, however, that key models within the literature can be adapted to give critical new insight on ransomware. We primarily focus on two models. The first gives insight on the optimal ransom that criminals should charge. The second gives insight on the role of deterrence through preventative measures. A key insight from both models will be the importance of spillover effects across victims. We will argue that such spillovers point to the need for some level of outside intervention, by governments or otherwise, to tackle ransomware.
Using the Adapted Flemish Sign Language Visual Communication and Sign Language Checklist
Authors: Wille Beatrijs , Allen Thomas , Van Lierde Kristiane , Van Herreweghe Mieke 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThis study addresses the topic of visual communication and early sign language acquisition in deaf children with a Flemish Sign Language (Vlaamse Gebarentaal or VGT) input. Results are obtained through a checklist focusing on sign-exposed deaf children’s visual communication and early sign language acquisition: the adapted VGT Visual Communication and Sign Language checklist. The purpose is to obtain the first detailed picture of these children’s visual and early VGT acquisition and to determine the optimal support for the checklist’s ongoing standardization process. At the time of testing, all children were 24-months old and had been diagnosed with a severe or profound hearing loss before the age of 6 months. Half of the children were being raised in deaf families with native VGT exposure, while the other half were from hearing families with no prior VGT knowledge. All parents declared VGT accessibility to the child and that they used VGT in the home. Resulting from this study is the identification of five early visual communication items as being potentially good indicators of later (sign) language development. Further, concerns were put forward on the lack of ongoing visual, communication, and language support for deaf children and their parents in Flanders.