bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long non‐coding RNA GAS5 is induced by interferons and plays an antitumor role in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Huang Jianbing , Li Yuan , Lu Zhiliang , Che Yun , Sun Shouguo , Mao Shuangshuang , Lei Yuanyuan , Zang Ruochuan , Li Ning , Sun Nan , He Jie 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe long non‐coding RNA GAS5 has been reported as a tumor suppressor in many cancers. However, its functions and mechanisms remain largely unknown in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). In this study, we found that GAS5 was over‐expressed in ESCC tissue compared with that in normal esophageal tissue in a public database. Functional studies showed that GAS5 could inhibit ESCC cell proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro. Further analysis revealed that GAS5 was regulated by interferon (IFN) responses via the JAK‐STAT pathway. Moreover, as an IFN‐stimulated gene (ISG), GAS5 was a positive regulator of IFN responses. The feedback loop between GAS5 and the IFN signaling pathway plays an important antitumor role in ESCC, thus providing novel potential therapeutic targets.
Sex disparities in acute myocardial infarction care and outcomes
Authors: Gul Burcu , Kozuma Ken , Haimi Ido , Zhao Weiying , Simonton Charles , Ying Shih‐Wa , Buda Alexandra , Mehta Sameer , Baumbach Andreas , Lansky Alexandra 
Published: May 2018

AbstractAimWe investigated sex‐based and regional outcomes after contemporary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with the Xience V stent in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI).Methods and ResultsThis patient level pooled analysis includes three multi‐center, prospective post‐market registries performed in the US, Japan, and China. A total of 1,938 patients treated with Xience V stents in the setting of AMI were enrolled. Compared to men, women had higher major adverse cardiac events (MACE) (14.1% vs. 9.8% P < 0.01, RR 1.4, 95% CI 1.1–1.4) and all‐cause mortality (10% vs. 6.2% P < 0.01, RR 1.61, 95% CI 1.14–2.27) at one year, without any significant difference in device specific outcomes of target vessel failure (TVF). US patients compared to the patients from China and Japan had increased MACE (female: 18% vs. 7.1%, P = 0.0012, male: 15.7% vs. 4.1%, P < 0.0001). Multivariable analysis demonstrated that major bleeding was the strongest predictor of MACE (OR 10.51, 95%CI 4.01–27.50, P < 0.0001), MI (OR 4.26, 95%CI 1.37–13.29, P = 0.012), and all‐cause death (OR 5.3, 95%CI 2.32–12.13, P < 0.0001).ConclusionWomen with AMI who underwent PCI with XIENCE DES have higher all‐cause mortality at one year in compared to men. Region based outcomes demonstrated increased MACE among US patients compared to the patients from China and Japan. After adjusting for differences in demographics, major bleeding, rather than female sex, predicted the higher observed all‐cause mortality.
Neural network for prediction of 13C NMR chemical shifts of fullerene C60 mono‐adducts
Authors: Kiryanov Ilya I. , Tulyabaev Arthur R. , Mukminov Farit Kh. , Khalilov Leonard M. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractReal‐valued models based on deep artificial neural networks were proposed to predict 13C NMR chemical shifts of fullerene C60 core carbon atoms for computer‐aided structure elucidation of complex fullerene C60 mono‐adducts. We showed that parametric rectified linear units could be successfully used as activation functions in hidden layers of artificial neural networks for decision of complex physical‐chemical tasks. A total of 400 artificial neural networks were trained and tested in order to reveal the best‐fitted models. The best prediction accuracy of real‐valued models was achieved with MAEP = 1.83 ppm/RMSEP = 2.60 ppm using artificial neural network model which has 110 and 120 hidden units, respectively, with parametric rectified linear unit as activation function.
Optically Active Vibrational Spectroscopy of α‐Aminoisobutyric Acid Foldamers in Organic Solvents and Phospholipid Bilayers
Authors: Lizio Maria Giovanna , Andrushchenko Valery , Pike Sarah J. , Peters Anna D. , Whitehead George F. S. , Vitórica‐Yrezábal Iñigo J. , Mutter Shaun T. , Clayden Jonathan , Bouř Petr , Blanch Ewan W. , Webb Simon J. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractHelical α‐aminoisobutyric acid (Aib) foldamers show great potential as devices for the communication of conformational information across phospholipid bilayers, but determining their conformation in bilayers remains a challenge. In the present study, Raman, Raman optical activity (ROA), infrared (IR) and vibrational circular dichroism (VCD) spectroscopies have been used to analyze the conformational preferences of Aib foldamers in solution and when interacting with bilayers. A 310‐helix marker band at 1665–1668 cm−1 in Raman spectra was used to show that net helical content increased strongly with oligomer length. ROA and VCD spectra of chiral Aib foldamers provided the chiroptical signature for both left‐ and right‐handed 310‐helices in organic solvents, with VCD establishing that foldamer screw‐sense was preserved when the foldamers became embedded within bilayers. However, the population distribution between different secondary structures was perturbed by the chiral phospholipid. These studies indicate that ROA and VCD spectroscopies are valuable tools for the study of biomimetic structures, such as artificial signal transduction molecules, in phospholipid bilayers.
Chromium (VI) photo‐reduction under visible and sunlight irradiation over bismuth‐ferrites Bi2Fe4O9 photo‐catalyst
Authors: Kebir Mohammed , Boudjemaa Amel , Azoudj Yacine , Sehailia Moussa , Bachari Kaldoun 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe photo‐catalytic reduction of Cr(VI) in aqueous solution was investigated over spinel ferrites Bi2Fe4O9 photo‐catalyst under both visible and solar light irradiation. The material was prepared by a low‐cost method and characterized by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with energy dispersive x‐ray (EDX), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS). Electrochemical and photo‐electrochemical studies of the material were also explored. The Bi2Fe3O9 structure had a small band gap (2.05 eV), which allowed the material to absorb more visible light. The photo‐electrochemical characterization in the presence of Na2SO4 indicated that Bi2Fe4O9 is a n‐type semi‐conductor with a flat band of 0.77 V. The influence of the catalyst dose (0.25–1.5 g L−1), the initial concentration of Cr(VI) (25–125 mg L−1), and the irradiation source parameters on the photo‐catalytic performance of Bi2Fe4O9 were studied at pH 2. The results indicated that the reduction rate of Cr(VI) depended on the catalyst's mass and the initial concentration of Cr(VI). By comparing the photo‐reduction activity under visible, ultrasonic, and solar irradiation, it became apparent that the presence of solar light increased the reduction efficiency. The Cr(VI) reduction rate was remarkably different when a combination of sonication and photo‐catalysis was utilized. This work indicated that Bi2Fe4O9 can serve as a promising photo‐catalyst for the photo‐reduction of Cr(VI) under visible light irradiation.
How do anticoagulated atrial fibrillation patients who suffer ischemic stroke or spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage differ?
Authors: Lehtola Heidi , Hartikainen Juha , Hartikainen Päivi , Kiviniemi Tuomas , Nuotio Ilpo , Palomäki Antti , Ylitalo Antti , Airaksinen K.E. Juhani , Mustonen Pirjo 
Published: May 2018

BackgroundAtrial fibrillation (AF) increases risk of ischemic stroke, and oral anticoagulation (OAC) increases risk of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). This study aimed to compare OAC‐treated AF patients with an ischemic stroke/transient ischemic attack (TIA) or spontaneous ICH as their first lifetime cerebrovascular event, especially focusing on patients with therapeutic international normalized ratio (INR).HypothesisWe assumed that in AF patients suffering ischemic stroke/TIA or ICH, patient characteristics could be different in patients with therapeutic INR than in patients with warfarin.MethodsFibStroke is a multicenter, retrospective registry collating details of AF patients with ischemic stroke/TIA or intracranial hemorrhage in 2003–2012. This substudy included AF patients on OAC with first lifetime ischemic stroke/TIA or spontaneous ICH.ResultsA total of 1457 patients with 1290 ischemic strokes/TIAs and 167 ICHs were identified. Of these, 553 (42.9%) strokes/TIAs and 96 (57.5%) ICHs occurred in patients with INR within therapeutic range. During OAC with therapeutic INR, congestive heart failure (odds ratio [OR]: 2.33, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.18–4.58) and hypercholesterolemia (OR: 2.52, 95% CI: 1.51–4.19) were more common in patients with ischemic stroke/TIA, whereas a history of bleeding (OR: 0.30, 95% CI: 0.11–0.82) was less common when compared with patients with ICH. In the whole cohort, renal impairment (OR: 1.86, 95% CI: 1.23–2.80) and mechanical valve prosthesis (OR: 4.41, 95% CI: 1.32–14.7) were overrepresented in patients with stroke/TIA, whereas aspirin use (OR: 0.52, 95% CI: 0.30–0.91) and high INR (OR: 0.40, 95% CI: 0.33–0.48) were overrepresented in patients with ICH.ConclusionsIn anticoagulated AF patients with therapeutic INR and first lifetime cerebrovascular event, congestive heart failure and hypercholesterolemia were associated with ischemic stroke/TIA and history of bleeding with ICH.
Spatiotemporal distribution of glia in and around the developing mouse optic tract
Authors: Lee Melissa A. , Sitko Austen A. , Khalid Sania , Shirasu‐Hiza Mimi , Mason Carol A. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractIn the developing mouse optic tract, retinal ganglion cell (RGC) axon position is organized by topography and laterality (i.e., eye‐specific or ipsi‐ and contralateral segregation). Our lab previously showed that ipsilaterally projecting RGCs are segregated to the lateral aspect of the developing optic tract and found that ipsilateral axons self‐fasciculate to a greater extent than contralaterally projecting RGC axons in vitro. However, the full complement of axon‐intrinsic and ‐extrinsic factors mediating eye‐specific segregation in the tract remain poorly understood. Glia, which are known to express several guidance cues in the visual system and regulate the navigation of ipsilateral and contralateral RGC axons at the optic chiasm, are natural candidates for contributing to eye‐specific pre‐target axon organization. Here, we investigate the spatiotemporal expression patterns of both putative astrocytes (Aldh1l1+ cells) and microglia (Iba1+ cells) in the embryonic and neonatal optic tract. We quantified the localization of ipsilateral RGC axons to the lateral two‐thirds of the optic tract and analyzed glia position and distribution relative to eye‐specific axon organization. While our results indicate that glial segregation patterns do not strictly align with eye‐specific RGC axon segregation in the tract, we identify distinct spatiotemporal organization of both Aldh1l1+ cells and microglia in and around the developing optic tract. These findings inform future research into molecular mechanisms of glial involvement in RGC axon growth and organization in the developing retinogeniculate pathway.
Formulation and In Vitro, In Vivo Correlation Between Two Candesartan Cilexetil Tablets
Authors: Zaid Abdel Naser , Radwan Asma , Jaradat Nidal , Mousa Ayman , Ghazal Nadia , Bustami Rana 
Published: May 2018

AbstractIn this study, the in vitro and in vivo interchangeability between generic candesartan 16 mg and the branded formulation was assessed. The in vitro release of these products was conducted in 3 pH media (1.2, 5.0, and 6.8), and similarity factors (f2) were calculated. This bioequivalence study was a randomized, 2‐period crossover study that included 42 healthy adult male subjects under fasting conditions with a 9‐day washout. The pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters AUC0‐last, AUC0‐∞, and Cmax, tmax, and the elimination half‐life time were assessed based on the plasma concentrations of candesartan, using a newly developed and validated liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry bioanalytical method with acceptable degrees of linearity, sensitivity, precision, and accuracy. The geometric mean (ng·h/mL) of the AUC0‐∞ for the test and brand was 1595.49 and 1620.54, respectively, and the Cmax (ng/mL) was 160.91 and 160.88, respectively. The 90%CIs of geometric mean ratios (test‐to‐reference ratios) were 98.26%, 98.45%, and 99.86% for AUC0‐last, AUC0‐∞, and Cmax respectively. These PK parameters lie within the US Food and Drug Administration– and European Medicines Agency–specified bioequivalence limit (80%‐125%). Both products were well tolerated by all the subjects. The tested drug product was bioequivalent to the reference drug and had the same safety profile.
The RhoA/ROCK pathway mediates high glucose‐induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis via oxidative stress, JNK, and p38MAPK pathways
Authors: Zhou Hong , Sun Yonghong , Zhang Lihui , Kang Wenyuan , Li Na , Li Yongjun 
Published: May 2018

AbstractAimsTo understand the roles of the RhoA/ROCK and mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways in high glucose (HG)‐induced apoptosis and oxidative stress in cardiomyocytes.Materials and methodsNeonatal rat cardiomyocytes were cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium, supplemented with 5.5 or 30 mmol/L D‐glucose, in the presence or absence of fasudil (50 or 100 μM), SB203580, SP600125, or PD98059 (10 μM, respectively). The percentage of early apoptotic cardiomyocytes was evaluated using flow cytometry. The superoxide dismutase activity and malondialdehyde contents in the cellular supernatants were measured. The Bax and Bcl‐2 mRNA levels were determined by quantitative real‐time PCR. Phosphorylation of myosin phosphatase target subunit 1 (MYPT1), p38MAPK, JNK, and ERK as well as the protein levels of Bax, Bcl‐2, and cleaved caspase‐3 was analysed by Western blot.ResultsFasudil, SB203580, and SP600125 effectively inhibited the HG‐induced early apoptosis increase and decreased Bax mRNA expression, the Bax/Bcl‐2 protein expression ratio, and cleaved caspase‐3 protein levels in the cardiomyocytes; this was accompanied by upregulation of the Bcl‐2 mRNA. Moreover, fasudil markedly increased the superoxide dismutase activity level and suppressed the elevation in HG‐induced malondialdehyde content and the phosphorylation of MYPT1, p38MAPK and JNK.ConclusionsThe RhoA/ROCK pathway mediates HG‐induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis via oxidative stress and activation of p38MAPK and JNK in neonatal rats in vitro. Fasudil effectively ameliorates HG‐induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis by suppressing oxidative stress and the p38MAPK and JNK pathways.
Are socio‐emotional and neurocognitive functioning predictors of therapeutic outcomes for adults with anorexia nervosa?
Authors: Oldershaw Anna , Lavender Tony , Schmidt Ulrike 
Published: May 2018

AbstractBackgroundEmotional, social, and neurocognitive factors are theorised to maintain anorexia nervosa (AN). Yet whether they predict outcomes or relate to clinical change remains unclear.MethodsSeventy‐one consecutive adult outpatient eating disorder service referrals presenting with AN, who participated in a randomised controlled trial comparing 2 psychotherapies, were assessed for emotional processing, social cognition, and neurocognition pretherapy and posttherapy. Intention‐to‐treat analysis employed maximum‐likelihood methods to model missing data. Baseline self‐reported emotional processing, social cognitive, or neurocognitive task performance was entered into forward stepwise regression models with posttreatment clinical outcomes (weight, eating disorder psychopathology, psychosocial functioning) as dependent variables. Correlation analyses examined relationships between clinical and self‐report/task score change.ResultsSelf‐reported emotional avoidance (behavioural/cognitive avoidance, low acceptance) and submissive behaviour predicted clinical outcomes. Social cognitive (emotion recognition, emotional theory of mind) and neurocognitive performance (set‐shifting, detail focus) had limited predictive ability.ConclusionsEmotional avoidance and submissiveness may represent maintenance factors for AN.
Special Issue: Gravel Bed Rivers 8
Authors: Laronne Jonathan B. , Tsutsumi Daizo 
Published: May 2018

AbstractTheoretical, modeling, experimental and monitoring of sediment transport in gravel bed rivers are introduced. The key findings of 27 papers on this theme were published in Earth Surface Processes and Landforms during the past year. Among these, 18 papers were published by attendants of the 8th Gravel Bed River Workshop held in Japan in 2015. This Commentary introduces the main themes associated with these papers including innovations in sediment transport conceptualization and modeling and monitoring, and also three wider themes: the importance of sediment supply; relationships between gravel bed river science and restoration; and the growing recognition of the critical role played by wood in gravel bed rivers. Copyright © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cooperative NOMA with full‐duplex amplify‐and‐forward relaying
Authors: Abbasi Omid , Ebrahimi Afshin 
Published: May 2018

AbstractIn this paper, we study the performance of a cooperative non‐orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) system with a dedicated relay. This relay is full duplex (FD) and works in an amplify‐and‐forward (AF) mode. Our NOMA system consists of two users where one of them is near to the base station and the other one is assumed to be far from the base station. We derive exact expressions for outage probability and ergodic achievable rate of two NOMA users. The simulations demonstrate that in the case of imperfect self‐interference cancelation, our proposed FD‐AF relaying scheme has better performance rather than FD decode‐and‐forward NOMA scheme. In addition, we calculate the outage probability of users in high signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) regime and derive diversity order of unity for each of NOMA users. We show that in high SNRs, the ergodic achievable rate of near user increases with transmit SNR, but the rate of far user tends to a fixed value. Ergodic sum rate expression in high SNR regime shows that it is independent of NOMA power allocation coefficient and increases log‐linearly with transmit SNR. Finally, we verify our analytical formulas for outage probability and ergodic achievable rate by Monte Carlo simulations.
Using Natural Disturbance and Portfolio Concepts to Guide Aquatic–Riparian Ecosystem Management
Authors: Penaluna Brooke E , Reeves Gordon H , Barnett Zanethia C , Bisson Peter A , Buffington John M , Dolloff C. Andrew , Flitcroft Rebecca L , Luce Charles H , Nislow Keith H , Rothlisberger John D , Warren Melvin L 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
The U.S. Forest Service and other federal land managers are responsible for maintaining the productivity of aquatic–riparian ecosystems, the associated native biota, and the ecosystem services they provide. These public lands are important sources of water, recreation opportunities, and habitat for a suite of animals and plants, including many that are protected under the Endangered Species Act. To meet these challenges and responsibilities, recent science suggests modifying practices to provide a broader array of habitat, biological conditions, and ecosystem functions than are associated with traditional management approaches. We suggest that by linking approaches based on natural disturbance and portfolio concepts, managers can achieve a robust strategy and desired outcomes more reliably and cost effectively. Locally complex habitat conditions created by natural disturbances provide the template for biological diversity to play out if provided enough time. Accordingly, natural disturbance regimes play an important role in creating and sustaining habitat and biological complexities on the landscape, suggesting that, to the extent possible, management actions should emulate natural disturbance processes at appropriate spatial and temporal scales. In concert with this approach, the portfolio effect (i.e., diversity that mitigates risk) provides justification for promoting connected heterogeneous habitats that reduce the risk of synchronous large-scale population and ecosystem collapse. In this article, we describe how disturbance and portfolio concepts fit into a broader strategy of conserving ecosystem integrity and dynamism and provide examples of how these concepts can be used to address a wide range of management concerns. Ultimately, the outcome for populations, habitats, and landscapes depends on how well environmental change is understood, the degree to which change is appropriately addressed by natural resource managers, and solutions that allow populations and ecosystems to persist in the presence of and be resilient to a growing scope of human influences.
Historical Perspectives and a New U.S. Forest Service Strategy for Fish and Aquatic Stewardship
Authors: Shively Dan , Rothlisberger John D , Gillespie Nathaniel , Dombeck Mike , Moore Virgil , Roghair Craig , Demario Devin , McCormick Frank , Weldon Leslie 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
The U.S. Forest Service has a long, rich history of helping to steward the nation's fish and aquatic resources and contributing to the broader fish and aquatic conservation and scientific community in the United States and worldwide. The agency recently updated its national strategy for fish and aquatic resource stewardship. The new strategy builds on 30 years of lessons learned through implementing the agency's original Rise to the Future: National Fish and Aquatic Strategy, the first national freshwater fisheries strategy by a federal agency. It also addresses 21st century challenges, establishing a stronger foundation for integrated aquatic resource stewardship throughout the agency and renewing an emphasis on cooperation with local, state, federal, and tribal governments and partnering with nongovernmental organizations, private landowners and water users, private businesses, the sportfishing industry, and others. The new strategy outlines six goals that provide a robust framework to guide future efforts: (1) conserve fish and aquatic resources; (2) connect people to the outdoors through fishing, boating, and other aquatic activities; (3) strengthen partnerships and work across boundaries; (4) deliver and apply scientific research; (5) build capacity through mentoring and training; and (6) communicate the value of fish and aquatic resources.