bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Carbohydrate composition of Slovenian bee pollens
Authors: Bertoncelj Jasna , Polak Tomaž , Pucihar Tina , Lilek Nataša , Kandolf Borovšak Andreja , Korošec Mojca 
Published: March 2018

SummaryBee pollen is a source of nutrients that are important for humans. There is growing interest in bee pollen, mainly due to consumers wishing to use natural products for a healthy diet or for their therapeutic effects. The composition of bee pollen varies according to botanical and geographical origin. The aim was to define for the first time the carbohydrate composition of bee pollen from Slovenia. A total of twenty‐eight samples of bee pollens were analysed for botanical origins and contents of water, sugars and soluble and insoluble dietary fibre. From the bee pollen samples analysed, ten were recognised as monofloral. Monosaccharides represented 96% of the sugar fraction, with ranges 13.2–27.8 g per 100 g dry weight for fructose and 10.6–28.5 g per 100 g dry weight for glucose. Levels of sucrose, maltose and melezitose were low. Total dietary fibre was 10.0–21.4 g per 100 g dry weight bee pollen, with 73–82% insoluble fibre. Bee pollen can thus provide a good source of dietary fibre. This study supports further nutritional proposals for Slovenian bee pollen.
Promoting active ageing in older people with mental disorders living in the community: An integrative review
Authors: Kenbubpha Kedsaraporn , Higgins Isabel , Chan Sally Wai‐Chi , Wilson Amanda 
Published: March 2018

AbstractAimTo critically synthesize the evidence in relation to the promotion of active ageing in older people, including those with mental disorders.BackgroundApproximately 15% of older people aged 60 and above are experiencing a mental disorder. However, they are commonly unrecognized from health care providers.DesignThis study is an integrative review. Articles published between January 2002 and March 2017 in English and in Thai were identified through searches of the databases CINAHL, MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, and Thai LIS, as well as through manual searching. Methodologically high‐quality research articles were included if they addressed the promotion of active ageing and related concepts, the impact of mental disorders on active ageing and related concepts, the perspective of older people regarding active ageing, and issues related to working with older people with mental health problems living in the community.ResultsA total of 18 articles were included. The findings show that there is little evidence regarding the promotion of active ageing in older people with mental disorders. Older people with mental disorders were less likely to achieve successful ageing compared with those without mental disorders, suggesting they need support from health care providers. However, there are several barriers to care and working with older people with mental disorders at the community level.ConclusionOf concern is that health professionals focus on the physical health of older people while mental health issues are overlooked.
Does a blended learning environment suit advanced practice training for pharmacists in a Middle East setting?
Authors: Wilbur Kerry , Taylor Andrea D J 
Published: March 2018

Abstract

Objectives
The transfer of pedagogies and instructional techniques outside their contexts of origin may not be always be suitable for intended learners. The aim of this study was to explore the experiences of Middle East pharmacists enrolled in advanced pharmacy practice courses delivered through a blended learning environment (BLE).

Methods
Seventeen students and graduates from a BLE in Qatar participated in focus group interviews. A topic guide was developed to elicit these pharmacists’ perspectives on perceived barriers to completing the courses and facilitating factors for content engagement and overall satisfaction. Discussions were recorded, transcribed verbatim and text analysed using thematic content analysis.

Key findings
We identified three predominant themes in our analysis of these discussions: (1) relevance, (2) motivation and (3) communication. Participants favourably endorsed any programme aspect that linked with their workplace care responsibilities, but found it challenging to adapt to high-fidelity testing environments. The on-campus sessions were key for sustaining motivation and recommitting to time management and organisation with the distance-based content. Although these students expressed difficulty in understanding posted assignment instructions and feedback and occasionally faced technological issues, they were overwhelmingly satisfied with how the programme contributed to advancing their practice capabilities.

Conclusions
Pharmacists enrolled in BLE advanced pharmacy practice courses in Qatar identified barriers and facilitators like those experienced by professional learners elsewhere. However, we found that instructional design and communication approaches merit some special consideration for Arab students for optimal engagement in BLE.
Are body perceptions and perceived appearance judgments by others linked to stress and depressive symptoms?
Authors: Sabik Natalie J. , Lupis Sarah B. , Geiger Ashley M. , Wolf Jutta M. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractBody dissatisfaction has consistently been linked to depressive symptoms. We posit stress as a pathway, with differential links to two aspects of body esteem, including body dissatisfaction and evaluations attributed to others about one's body and appearance. The Trier Social Stress Test was administered, and cortisol responses to acute psychosocial stress and survey data (perceived chronic stress, self‐reported body esteem, and depressive symptoms) were assessed in 57 undergraduates (28F). Chronic stress mediated the association between body image and depressive symptoms. These findings support stress as a pathway by which poor self‐image gets “under the skin” to negatively affect health.
Perinatal substance use, residential instability, and negative behavioral outcomes among adolescents: Lessons from the maternal lifestyle study
Authors: Cotton Brandi P. , Lohman Matthew C. , Brooks Jessica M. , LaGasse Linda L. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractProblemBoth housing instability and prenatal substance use are known risk factors for behavioral problems among adolescents.MethodsThe purpose of this study was to investigate the association between residential instability (residential mobility and homelessness) and delinquent behaviors among adolescents enrolled in the maternal lifestyle study (MLS), a 16‐year research study that explored short‐term and long‐term effects of in‐utero exposure to cocaine and/or opiates (N = 736). Logistic regression was used to measure the association between housing problems with youth crimes, school delinquency, and substance use at 11, 15, and 16 years of age.FindingsBoth high‐frequency residential mobility and homelessness were associated with deviant behaviors across the entire sample of children born with in‐utero cocaine/opiate exposure and those without.ConclusionsPsychiatric nursing care of youth should include a comprehensive assessment of residential instability to identify risk and target potential interventions.
Tim‐3 blockade promotes iNKT cell function to inhibit HBV replication
Authors: Xu Yong , Wang Zehua , Du Xianhong , Liu Yuan , Song Xiaojia , Wang Tixiao , Tan Siyu , Liang Xiaohong , Gao Lifen , Ma Chunhong 
Published: March 2018

AbstractIncreased expression of T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain‐3 (Tim‐3) on invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells is reported in chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. However, whether Tim‐3 regulates iNKT cells in chronic HBV condition remains unclear. In this study, our results showed that the expression of Tim‐3 was up‐regulated on hepatic iNKT cells from HBV‐transgenic (Tg) mice or iNKT cells stimulated with α‐galactosylceramide (α‐Galcer). Compared with Tim‐3−iNKT cells, Tim‐3+iNKT cells expressed more IFN‐γ, IL‐4 and CD107a, indicating a strong relationship between Tim‐3 and iNKT cell activation. Constantly, treatment of Tim‐3 blocking antibodies significantly enhanced the production of IFN‐γ, TNF‐α, IL‐4 and CD107a in iNKT cells both in vivo and in vitro. This Tim‐3− mediated suppression of iNKT cells was further confirmed in Tim‐3 knockout (KO) mice. Moreover, Tim‐3 blockade promoted α‐Galcer‐triggered inhibition of HBV replication, displaying as the decreased HBV DNA and HBsAg level in serum, and down‐regulated pgRNA expression in liver tissues. Collectively, our data, for the first time, demonstrated the potential role of Tim‐3 blockade in promoting iNKT cell‐mediated HBV inhibition. Therefore, combination of α‐Galcer with Tim‐3 blockade might be a promising approach in chronic hepatitis B therapy.
LncRNA NR2F1‐AS1 regulates hepatocellular carcinoma oxaliplatin resistance by targeting ABCC1 via miR‐363
Authors: Huang Hai , Chen Jie , Ding Cheng‐Ming , Jin Xin , Jia Ze‐Ming , Peng Jian 
Published: March 2018

AbstractEmerging evidence has validated the vital role of long non‐coding RNA (lncRNA) in the chemoresistance of cancer treatment. In the present study, we investigate the function of lncRNA NR2F1‐AS1 on oxaliplatin (OXA) resistance of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and discover the underlying molecular mechanism. Results revealed that lncRNA NR2F1‐AS1 was up‐regulated in oxaliplatin‐resistant HCC tissue and cells using microarray analysis and RT‐PCR. Meanwhile, ABCC1 protein was overexpressed in OXA‐resistant HCC cells (Huh7/OXA and HepG2/OXA). In vitro, NR2F1‐AS1 knockdown reduced the invasion, migration, drug‐resistant gene (MDR1, MRP5, LRP1) and IC50 value in Huh7/OXA and HepG2/OXA cells. In vivo, NR2F1‐AS1 knockdown decreased the tumour weight of HCC cells. Bioinformatics tools and luciferase reporter assay confirmed miR‐363 targeted the 3′‐UTR of NR2F1‐AS1 and ABCC1 mRNA, presenting that NR2F1‐AS1 promoted ABCC1 expression through endogenous sponging miR‐363. In summary, results conclude that NR2F1‐AS1 regulates HCC OXA resistance through targeting miR‐363‐ABCC1 pathway, providing a vital theoretic mechanism and therapeutic target for HCC chemoresistance.
Alterations of polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolism in ovarian tissues of polycystic ovary syndrome rats
Authors: Huang Rong , Xue Xinli , Li Shengxian , Wang Yuying , Sun Yun , Liu Wei , Yin Huiyong , Tao Tao 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) remains poorly characterized in ovarian tissues of patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). This study aimed to explore alterations in the levels of PUFAs and their metabolites in serum and ovarian tissues in a PCOS rat model treated with a high‐fat diet and andronate. Levels of PUFAs and their metabolites were measured using gas/liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry after the establishment of a PCOS rat model. Only 3 kinds of PUFAs [linoleic acid, arachidonic acid (AA) and docosahexaenoic acid] were detected in both the circulation and ovarian tissues of the rats, and their concentrations were lower in ovarian tissues than in serum. Moreover, significant differences in the ovarian levels of AA were observed between control, high‐fat diet‐fed and PCOS rats. The levels of prostaglandins, AA metabolites via the cyclooxygenase (COX) pathway, in ovarian tissues of the PCOS group were significantly increased compared to those in the controls. Further studies on the mechanism underlying this phenomenon showed a correlation between decreased expression of phosphorylated cytosolic phospholipase A2 (p‐cPLA2) and increased mRNA and protein expression of COX2, potentially leading to a deeper understanding of altered AA and prostaglandin levels in ovarian tissues of PCOS rats.
NEFA‐induced ROS impaired insulin signalling through the JNK and p38MAPK pathways in non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis
Authors: Gao Wenwen , Du Xiliang , Lei Lin , Wang Heyuan , Zhang Min , Wang Zhe , Li Xiaobing , Liu Guowen , Li Xinwei 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the changes in hepatic oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) complexes (COs) in patients and cows with non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and to investigate the mechanism that links mitochondrial dysfunction and hepatic insulin resistance induced by non‐esterified fatty acids (NEFAs). Patients and cows with NASH displayed high blood NEFAs, TNF‐α and IL‐6 concentrations, mitochondrial dysfunction and insulin resistance. The protein levels of peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor‐γ coactivator‐1α (PGC‐1α), mitofusin‐2 (Mfn‐2) and OXPHOS complexes (human: COI and COIII; cow: COI‐IV) were significantly decreased in patients and cows with NASH. NEFA treatment significantly impaired mitochondrial function and, increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and excessive ROS overactivated the JNK and p38MAPK pathways and induced insulin resistance in cow hepatocytes. PGC‐1α and Mfn‐2 overexpression significantly decreased the NEFA‐induced ROS production and TNF‐α and IL‐6 mRNA expressions, reversed the inhibitory effect of NEFAs on mitochondrial function and attenuated the overactivation of the ROS‐JNK/p38MAPK pathway, alleviated insulin resistance induced by NEFAs in cow hepatocytes and HepG2 cells. These findings indicate that NEFAs induce mitochondrial dysfunction and insulin resistance mediated by the ROS‐JNK/p38MAPK pathway. PGC‐1α or Mfn‐2 overexpression reversed the lipotoxicity of NEFAs on mitochondrial dysfunction and insulin resistance. Our study clarified the mechanism that links hepatic mitochondrial dysfunction and insulin resistance in NASH.
ElevatedCRB3 expression suppresses breast cancer stemness by inhibiting β‐catenin signalling to restore tamoxifen sensitivity
Authors: Li Pingping , Feng Chen , Chen He , Jiang Yina , Cao Fang , Liu Jie , Liu Peijun 
Published: March 2018

AbstractTamoxifen is a first‐line drug for hormone therapy (HT) in oestrogen receptor‐positive breast cancer patients. However, 20% to 30% of those patients are resistant to tamoxifen treatment. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have been implicated as one of the mechanisms responsible for tamoxifen resistance. Our previous study indicated that decreased expression of theCRB3 gene confers stem cell characteristics to breast cancer cells. In the current investigation, we found that most of the breast cancer patient tissues resistant to tamoxifen were negative forCRB3 protein and positive for β‐catenin protein, in contrast to their matched primary tumours by immunohistochemical analysis. Furthermore, expression ofCRB3mRNAand protein was low, while expression of β‐cateninmRNAand protein was high in tamoxifen resistance cells (LCC2 and T47D TamR) contrast to their corresponding cell linesMCF7 and T47D. Similarly,CRB3 overexpression markedly restored the tamoxifen sensitivity of TamR cells by theMTTviability assay. Finally, we found thatCRB3 suppressed the stemness of TamR cells by inhibiting β‐catenin signalling, which may in turn lead to a decrease in the breast cancer cell population. Furthermore, these findings indicate thatCRB3 is an important regulator for breast cancer stemness, which is associated with tamoxifen resistance.
The role of septin 7 in physiology and pathological disease: A systematic review of current status
Authors: Wang Xinlu , Fei Fei , Qu Jie , Li Chunyuan , Li Yuwei , Zhang Shiwu 
Published: March 2018

AbstractSeptins are a conserved family of cytoskeletal GTPases present in different organisms, including yeast, drosophila, Caenorhabditis elegans and humans. In humans, septins are involved in various cellular processes, including exocytosis, apoptosis, leukemogenesis, carcinogenesis and neurodegeneration. Septin 7 is unique out of 13 human septins. Mammalian septin 6, septin 7, septin 2 and septin 9 coisolate together in complexes to form the core unit for the generation of the septin filaments. Physiological septin filaments are hetero‐oligomeric complexes consisting of core septin hexamers and octamers. Furthermore, septin 7 plays a crucial role in cytokinesis and mitosis. Septin 7 is localized to the filopodia and branches of developing hippocampal neurons, and is the most abundant septin in the adult rat forebrain as well as a structural component of the human and mouse sperm annuli. Septin 7 is crucial to the spine morphogenesis and dendrite growth in neurons, and is also a structural constituent of the annulus in human and mouse sperm. It can suppress growth of some tumours such as glioma and papillary thyroid carcinoma. However, the molecular mechanisms of involvement of septin 7 in human disease, especially in the development of cancer, remain unclear. This review focuses on the structure, function and mechanism of septin 7 in vivo, and summarizes the role of septin 7 in cell proliferation, cytokinesis, nervous and reproductive systems, as well as the underlying molecular events linking septin 7 to various diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus, tumour and so on.
Theorizing the EU's Actorness: Towards an Interactionist Role Theory Framework
Authors: Klose Stephan 
Published: March 2018

AbstractFor decades, actorness has been a much‐debated concept central to the theorization and analysis of the EU's evolution as an international actor. While this concept is often presented as a set of factors, which together shape the EU's capacity to act internationally, the literature displays a surprisingly deficient understanding of how these factors interact in the emergence of actorness. To address this gap, this article theorizes about actorness from an interactionist role theory perspective, which draws on the works of social psychologist George Herbert Mead. In building on this perspective, the article conceptualizes actorness as an entity's capacity to (re)‐imagine and realize roles for its ‘self’ in (specific contexts of) international affairs. This capacity, the approach suggests, emerges in the interplay of (social and material) resources, creative action and (domestic and external) role expectations.
Comparison of clinical outcomes between variceal and non‐variceal gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with cirrhosis
Authors: Tandon Parul , Bishay Kirles , Fisher Stacey , Yelle Dominique , Carrigan Ian , Wooller Krista , Kelly Erin 
Published: March 2018

AbstractBackground and AimAcute upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) in cirrhosis is associated with significant morbidity and mortality and can be classified as acute variceal bleeding (AVB) or non‐variceal bleeding (NVB). Differences in mortality, hospital length of stay (LOS), and 30‐day readmission have yet to be determined. As such, the study aimed to evaluate differences in these clinical outcomes in cirrhotic patients admitted with UGIB.MethodsThis retrospective study included all cirrhotic patients hospitalized for UGIB who underwent upper endoscopy from July 2014 to July 2016. AVB was defined as the presence of varices on endoscopy with high‐risk stigmata such as cherry‐red spots. Mortality, intensive care unit admission, hospital LOS, and 30‐day hospital readmission were recorded and compared among patients with AVB and NVB.ResultsA total of 116 patients with cirrhosis were included, 73 with AVB and 43 with NVB. Patients with NVB were older than those with AVB (60.4 ± 11.1 vs 55.0 ± 9.5, P = 0.006) whereas patients with AVB were more likely to have known esophageal varices (64.4% vs 37.2%, P = 0.007). Patients with AVB and NVB had similar mortality (15.1% vs 9.3%, P = 0.57), hospital LOS (4.9, interquartile range: 3.6–6.9 days vs 5.0, interquartile range: 2.7–8.3 days), and 30‐day readmission rates (19.2% vs 30.2%, P = 0.18). Severity of clinical presentation was associated with increased LOS and overall mortality, including the need for intensive care unit admission, but these were not associated with 30‐day readmission rates.ConclusionThere were no differences in clinical outcomes, including mortality, in cirrhotic patients admitted with AVB and NVB.
Elder Abuse and Chronic Pain: Cross‐Sectional and Longitudinal Results from the Preventing Elder Abuse and Neglect Initiative
Authors: Yunus Raudah M , Hairi Noran N , Choo Wan Y , Tan Maw P , Hairi Farizah , Sooryanarayana Rajini , Ismail Norliana , Kandiben Shatanapriya , Peramalah Devi , Ali Zainudin M , Ahmad Sharifah N , Razak Inayah A , Othman Sajaratulnisah , Mydin Fadzilah HM , Chinna Karuthan , Bulgiba Awang 
Published: March 2018

ObjectivesTo examine the cross‐sectional and longitudinal relationships between elder abuse and neglect (EAN) and chronic pain in rural older Malaysians.DesignTwo‐year prospective cohort study.SettingKuala Pilah, a district in Negeri Sembilan approximately 100 km from the capital city, Kuala Lumpur.ParticipantsCommunity‐dwelling older adults aged 60 and older. Using a multistage cluster sampling strategy, 1,927 respondents were recruited and assessed at baseline, of whom 1,189 were re‐assessed 2 years later.MeasuresEAN was determined using the modified Conflict Tactic Scale, and chronic pain was assessed through self‐report using validated questions.ResultsThe prevalence of chronic pain was 20.4%. Cross‐sectional results revealed 8 variables significantly associated with chronic pain—age, education, income, comorbidities, self‐rated health, depression, gait speed, and EAN. Abused elderly adults were 1.52 times as likely to have chronic pain (odds ratio=1.52, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.03–2.27), although longitudinal analyses showed no relationship between EAN and risk of chronic pain (risk ratio=1.14, 95% CI=0.81–1.60). This lack of causal link was consistent when comparing analysis with complete cases with that of imputed data.ConclusionOur findings indicate no temporal relationship between EAN and chronic pain but indicated cross‐sectional associations between the two. This might indicate that, although EAN does not lead to chronic pain, individuals with greater physical limitations are more vulnerable to abuse. Our study also shows the importance of cohort design in determining causal relationships between EAN and potentially linked health outcomes.
Recent research on stimulated emission depletion microscopy for reducing photobleaching
Authors: LI C. , LIU S. , WANG W. , LIU W. , KUANG C. , LIU X. 
Published: March 2018

SummaryStimulated emission depletion (STED) microscopy is a useful tool in investigation for super‐resolution realm. By silencing the peripheral fluorophores of the excited spot, leaving only the very centre zone vigorous for fluorescence, the effective point spread function (PSF) could be immensely squeezed and subcellular structures, such as organelles, become discernable. Nevertheless, because of the low cross‐section of stimulated emission and the short fluorescence lifetime, the depletion power density has to be extremely higher than the excitation power density and molecules are exposed in high risk of photobleaching. The existence of photobleaching greatly limits the research of STED in achieving higher resolution and more delicate imaging quality, as well as long‐term and dynamic observation. Since the first experimental implementation of STED microscopy, researchers have lift out variety of methods and techniques to alleviate the problem. This paper would present some researches via conventional methods which have been explored and utilised relatively thoroughly, such as fast scanning, time‐gating, two‐photon excitation (TPE), triplet relaxation (T‐Rex) and background suppression. Alternatively, several up‐to‐date techniques, especially adaptive illumination, would also be unveiled for discussion in this paper. The contrast and discussion of these modalities would play an important role in ameliorating the research of STED microscopy.