bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN MENYUSUN KALIMAT BAHASA ARAB MELALUI PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS KERJA SAMA (PBK)
Authors: Rasyi Yumna , Setiadi Syamsi 
Published: April 2018

This research aims to improved recitation achievement in writing Arabic language by language learning based on working together. This research conducted in 2 cycles, each cycles have for components are: Action, obsevation, and reflection. The results showed student achievement in sentence writing improved every cycles. In conclusion that application learning strategy with PBK can improved learning quality for Nahu 2 related to making simpel sentences and appropriate as the rules of Arab fusha. As suggested for PBK can be applicated not only in Nahu 2 learning but also in the other elements arabic language
Abstak
Penelitian tindakan kelas ini bertujuan meningkatkan hasil belajar menulis kalimat dalam bahasa Arab melalui Pembelajaran Bahasa berbasis Kerja sama (PBK). Penelitian dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus, setiap siklus berisi empat komponen, yaitu: perencanaan; aksi/tindakan; observasi; dan refleksi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan hasil belajar siswa dalam menulis kalimat meningkat dari setiap sik-lusnya. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan strategi mengajar dengan PBK dapat meningkatkan kualitas pembelajaran Nahu 2 yang menyangkut materi penyusunan kalimat sederhana sesuai kaidah tatabahasa Arab fusha. Disarankan agar PBK dapat diterapkan bukan hanya dalam pembelajaran Nahu 2 tapi juga pada pembelajaran unsur-unsur bahasa Arab yang lain.
Adding the Predictive P into Personal Protective Equipment
Authors: Horseman Samantha J. , Sloman Colin M. , Seay Steven A. , Abdrabbuh Mohammed A. , Alem Yasser 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
OSHA has reported in 2016 that the upstream industry has one of the highest rates of severe injuries, in some measures, it actually has the highest. Therefore, imagine a world where these accidents, injuries and diseases could be predicted before they actually happened. Such a system has been developed and tested that will redefine the HSE industry thinking. The Human Sensory Predictive Personal Protective Equipment (PPPE) system which is founded on a plurality of machine, predictive methods, and supervisory safety alert system was developed by the efactory (Saudi Aramco: Innovation lab). This game-changing system measures human sensory central and peripheral signals, via human – machine interface - namely brain signals measured by electroencephalography (EEG), and biometrics (heart rate, stress response, temperature, body position and location) measured by specialized sensors built into personal protective equipment (e.g. hard hats, safety glasses, gloves, and belts). The real time outputs from the PPPE could produce anticipated alerts and supervisory instructions to workers and worksite personnel. This innovative system predictively determines risk and alert levels associated to worksite tasks involving, personnel, equipment, and the environment. This system redefines the industry's current thinking through five core value propositions: situational awareness, knowledge and skill retention, biofeedback loops, predictive analytics, and safety alert system. Firstly, it is capable of identifying human awareness states (e.g. disengaged, boredom, fatigue, sleep deprivation) from a collection of brain signals, which is further validated by biometrics. These biological measurements are associated to an adaptive biofeedback system to the worker. The predictive analytics system contributes through a knowledge proposition of the potential of gathering sensory information based on ‘predictive opportunities'. In one work shift there are a total of 86,400 seconds of predictive power/employee that until now, have been left undiscovered. This further challenges and contributes to the well-known safety industry paradigms such as the Henrich - accident triangle. This biofeedback system leverages human machine interface collecting both the brain signals and biometrics. Currently, HSE alert systems do not provide methods and models to utilize awareness through the human computer interface (HCI). This intelligent human sensory system rises to the challenge in developing an innovative platform that could be capable of providing early detection and indication of any hazardous scenario in O&G operations.
Hydraulic Deep‐Core Sampling Affects Bulk Density and Carbon Stock Measurements
Authors: Dold C. , Hatfield J. L. , Sauer T. J. , Cambardella C. , Wacha K. M. 
Published: April 2018

Core Ideas
Hydraulic sampling can affect bulk density measurements.
The effect was greater for the subsoil.
Correction measures had little or negative influence.
Hydraulic sampling can induce artificial compaction or gaps in soil cores, which affects bulk density (BD) and carbon (C) stock estimation. We compared BD (0–120 cm) from hydraulic samples (BDhs) with soil pit samples (BDpit) within a corn (Zea mays, L.)–soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] rotation field in central Iowa. Although BDhs varied substantially compared with BDpit with RMSE of 0.15 g cm−3 and with increasing soil depth, the difference was not significant and did not significantly affect C stock estimates. Correcting for sampling hole depth significantly underestimated BDhs and is not recommended. Calculating C stocks on a mass‐based approach, thus avoiding BD effects, showed good results for the topsoil but underestimated subsoil C. This study did not account for different field conditions, which can equally affect BDhs. Further studies are needed to investigate the impact of hydraulic sampling induced errors.
Does Cover Crop Radish Supply Nitrogen to Corn?
Authors: Ruark Matthew D. , Chawner Megan M. , Ballweg Michael J. , Proost Richard T. , Arriaga Francisco J. , Stute James K. 
Published: April 2018

Core Ideas
Radish as a cover crop does not supply nitrogen to the subsequent corn crop.
Radish can result in neutral, negative, and positive effects on corn yield.
Radish can have substantial nitrogen uptake in the fall, but effects on spring soil nitrogen are variable.
Radish (Raphanus sativus L.) grown as a cover crop can accumulate a significant amount of N when planted by late summer. However, it remains unclear if the N in the radish biomass can supply N to a subsequent corn (Zea mays L.) crop. The objectives of this project were to: (i) measure radish growth and N uptake, (ii) determine the effect of radish growth on plant available N content in soil throughout the subsequent growing season, and (iii) determine the effects of radish on corn yields and response to N fertilizer. This study was conducted across nine site‐years in northeastern and southern Wisconsin, with radish planted mid‐August following winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) harvest. The experimental design was a randomized complete block, split plot design, with cover crop as the whole plot factor and N rate as the split plot factor. Radish N uptake was ranged from 19.7 to 202 kg ha−1 across all site‐years. The effect of radish on in‐season plant available N (PAN) content differed across growing seasons, with radish both increasing and decreasing PAN. The ANOVA and regression analysis showed mostly neutral effects of radish on corn yield, although corn yield increases and decreases following radish occurred. This research supports the use of radish as a trap crop for fall N, as environmentally meaningful yields of N were contained in plant biomass, but also demonstrates that radish has no N fertilizer replacement value to the subsequent crop.
A Comprehensive Model for Single Ring Infiltration I: Initial Water Content and Soil Hydraulic Properties
Authors: Stewart Ryan D. , Abou Najm Majdi R. 
Published: April 2018

Core Ideas
New single ring infiltration model accounts for a wide range of experimental conditions.
Soil capillarity as function of initial water content was explored.
Model closely matched HYDRUS‐3D simulations for thirty infiltration scenarios.
Model was tested with both Brooks and Corey and van Genuchten–Mualem hydraulic parameters.
Brooks and Corey parameters gave more consistent predictions for cumulative infiltration.
Single ring infiltration tests are commonly used to understand soil hydraulic properties. While a number of models have been developed to describe three‐dimensional infiltration from single ring sources, these expressions are often restricted to cases where the soil is initially dry and the source pressure head is negligible. These conditions may restrict the use of these expressions in real field settings. In this study we modified a set of infiltration models to explicitly account for variations in soil hydraulic properties, initial conditions, and experimental setups. The resultant expressions allowed us to explore how soil capillary length (a measure of the capillary force acting through the wetted zone) and three‐dimensional wetting profiles vary under different initial matric heads. Specifically, as initial matric head increases, infiltration becomes increasingly one‐dimensional due to a decrease of the soil capillary force. However, for most realistic situations (i.e., moderately wet to very dry initial conditions) the model can be simplified by assuming a constant capillary length. The resulting expressions compared well with numerical results from HYDRUS‐3D for five different soils, including both dry and wet initial conditions, two ring insertion depths, and two ponding depths. Overall, the model provides further insight on the variations in soil capillarity (as sorptivity) and infiltration across a range of soil types and initial conditions, and can be used to describe single ring infiltration under nearly every scenario.
Soil Systems for Upscaling Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity for Hydrological Modeling in the Critical Zone
Authors: Libohova Zamir , Schoeneberger Phil , Bowling Laura C. , Owens Phillip R. , Wysocki Doug , Wills Skye , Williams Candiss O. , Seybold Cathy 
Published: April 2018

Core Ideas
Saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat) was measured with different methods.
Ksat was upscaled from point to catchment to watershed scales.
Upscaled Ksat predicted streamflow at a large watershed without model calibration.
A soil system approach was used to successfully upscale Ksat for streamflow predictions
Successful hydrological model predictions depend on appropriate framing of scale and the spatial‐temporal accuracy of input parameters describing soil hydraulic properties. Saturated soil hydraulic conductivity (Ksat) is one of the most important properties influencing water movement through soil under saturated conditions. It is also one of the most expensive to measure and is highly variable. The objectives of this research were (i) to assess the ability of Amoozemeters, wells, piezometers, and flumes to accurately represent Ksat at a small catchment scale and (ii) to extrapolate Ksat to a larger watershed based on available soil data and soil landscape models for simulating streamflow using the Distributed Hydrological Soil Vegetation Model. The mean Ksat between Amoozemeters, wells, and flumes varied from 2.4 to 4.9 × 10−7 m s−1, and differences were not significant. Mixed trends in mean Ksat for slope positions and soil series were observed. The strongest significant and consistent trend in mean Ksat was observed for soil depth. The mean Ksat decreased exponentially with depth, from 6.51 × 106 m s−1 for upper horizons to 2.37 × 10−7 m s−1 for bottom horizons. Recognizing the significantly decreasing trend of Ksat with soil depth and the lack of consistent trends between soils and slope positions for small catchments, Ksat values were extrapolated from the small catchments occurring in Dillon Creek to another large watershed (Hall Creek) based on soil similarity and distribution. The Nash–Sutcliffe model overall efficiency of 0.52 indicated a good performance in simulating streamflows without model calibration. Combining Ksat measurement methods in small catchments with an understanding of soil landscapes and soil distribution relationships allowed successful upscaling of localized soil hydraulic properties for streamflow predictions to larger watersheds.
Testing the Fill‐and‐Spill Model of Subsurface Lateral Flow Using Ground‐Penetrating Radar and Dye Tracing
Authors: Nyquist Jonathan E. , Toran Laura , Pitman Lacey , Guo Li , Lin Henry 
Published: April 2018

Core Ideas
Lateral flow patterns revealed by dye tracing agreed with time‐lapse GPR data.
Lateral flow downslope varied from <1 to 1 m at adjacent sites.
3D radar detected banding in the strike direction but dye fingering did not.
Fractured saprock modifies the fill‐and‐spill model by facilitating vertical flow.
Preferential flow (PF), which bypasses large portions of the soil or subsurface matrix, is critical in the transport of water and dissolved constituents in the unsaturated zone. To test the “fill‐and‐spill” model of hillslope hydrology that describes the generation and pattern of downslope lateral PF after storms, we used dye tracer and time‐lapse, ground‐penetrating radar (GPR) on a forested hillslope in the Susquehanna–Shale Hills Critical Zone Observatory. We injected 50 L of water mixed with Brilliant Blue dye (4 g L−1) into a shallow trench cut perpendicular to the slope and used GPR to monitor the tracer downslope across a 1.0‐ by 2.0‐m grid. The site was then excavated to the soil–saprock interface and photographed to document the dye pathways. We observed vertical dye fingering near the infiltration trench. Downslope lateral PF at the soil–saprock boundary was limited to ~0.40 m, which is evidence that the soil–saprock interface did not fill‐and‐spill. The extent, depth, and direction of the downslope PF indicated by GPR generally matched the dye staining patterns in the excavation, but the resolution of the 800‐MHz GPR antenna was insufficient to distinguish small fingers of dye. A revised fill‐and‐spill model was proposed for this site that incorporates the PF through fractured saprock before water encounters fresh bedrock surface. This study demonstrates that GPR integrated with dye tracer infiltration can provide a useful means of testing hillslope hydrological hypotheses and unraveling the complexity of PF at the hillslope scale in a field setting.
Frontiers in Hydropedology: Interdisciplinary Research from Soil Architecture to the Critical Zone
Authors: Li Xiao-Yan , Lin Henry , Gerke Horst H. 
Published: April 2018

Core Ideas
This special section focuses on interactions between soils and hydrologic processes in landscapes.
These contributions stem from the 3rd International Conference on Hydropedology.
The 10 articles fall into four themes.
This preface for the special section provides a brief background on hydropedology as an emerging interdisciplinary science. The 10 articles included in this special section stem from presentations given at the third International Conference on Hydropedology held in August 2016 in Beijing, China, which highlighted the importance of soil architecture and preferential flow, soil moisture and hillslope hydrology, hydrologic flux and soil structure interactions at different scales, soil biophysical and biochemical complexity, and Critical Zone science.
Distribution of endotoxins in full scale pharmaceutical wastewater treatment plants and its relationship with microbial community structure
Authors: He Xuemeng , Ding Lili , Su Wenbo , Ma Haijun , Huang Hui , Wang Yanru , Ren Hongqiang 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Endotoxins are potential toxics impacting human health through respiration derived in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), yet the formation of endotoxins during wastewater treatment processes is still lacking research. In our study, the distribution of endotoxins and bacterial community structure in the wastewater of three full scale pharmaceutical WWTPs were explored using the limulus amebocyte lysate (LAL) test and MiSeq technique. Results showed that higher endotoxin activities in the influent of Plant A and Plant C (560 and 1140 EU/mL), stemming from the fermentation process, were found compared to that of Plant B (135 EU/mL), coming from the process of chemical synthesis. During the anaerobic treatment and the cyclic activated sludge system (CASS) in the three WWTPs, the endotoxin activity increased, while it declined in the aerobic treatment system. In all bioreactors, the relative abundance of Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 50.0–94.6%. Bacteria with high lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in LAL assay were found at the genus level of Bacteroides, Enterococcus, Desulfovibrio, and Megasphaera.
Sketsa Kebudayaan Lembaga Pendidikan Islam
Authors: Widodo Hendro 
Published: April 2018

The development of pesantren, schools and madrasah is a form of culture. They have dynamism in the society development. Pesantren, schools, and madrasah are also a manifestation of the lives of people or groups of people in the educational environment. The development of pesantren, school and madrasah as a unity of the development of educational institutions in Indonesia are interconnected with each other, so the cultural development of the three educational institutions can be seen from the cultural model proposed by van Peursen, covering mythological, ontological and functional phases. This article reveal and explore the development of pesantren, schools, and madrasah in cultural reviews. The researcher used cultural theories of van Peursen and Auguste Comte. Keywords: Pesantren, School, Madrasah, Culture
Pemikiran Ahmad Tafsir tentang Manajemen Pembentuk Insan Kamil
Authors: Rusdiana A. 
Published: April 2018

Abstract: This article discusses Ahmad Tafsir's thought about the management of forming Insan Kamil, through a study of literature focused on the criteria of human kamil, its characteristics and its relation to the objectives of Islamic education. It is known that the general purpose of Islamic education is to strive for the development of human potential to achieve the perfection of insan kamil, people of faith, piety, and obedient worship to Allah SWT. The perfect Muslim is the man who has smart and intelligent mind, strong body, pious heart to Allah SWT, and good skill, is able to solve the problems scientifically and philosophically, possesses and develops science, philosophy, and heart that is capable of connecting with the supernatural. The eight domains above imply that the concept of insan kamil is very relevant with the goal of Islamic education, which equally wants to form human or learners who are smart, faithful and devoted. The discussion starts from Ahmad Tafsir's Biography and Works, Islamic Education according to Ahmad Tafsir and ending with Ahmad Tafsir’s thought about Insan Kamil. Keywords : Faithful insan kamil, Knowledgeable, Giving charity
Adat Bersandi Syarak, Syarak Bersandi Kitabullah: Konstruksi Adat dan Agama dalam Hak Waris Masyarakat Matrilineal
Authors: Rahma Dara Kartika 
Published: April 2018

This study explains how women lose control access to their own inheritance. While the condition of Jambi highland communities is known as a society that adopts the matrilineal kinship system, where women have a strong position in the ownership of inheritance rights and can take decisions in the management of his inheritance. This perception arises from the opinion of some NGOs in Jambi who are running a REDD + program and feel understand the conditions and situation in the Kerinci area. Matrilineal society is considered to facilitate them in socialization related to women empowerment. This research method used ethnography and interview. The results of this study indicate that women are traditionÂ in a subordinated position, religion regulates male authority over women. Religion stands as a custom, while custom can not escape from religion. Religion regulates all the behaviour of villagers in community life. This forms a different knowledge between men and women towards their environment.
THE APPLICATION OF EGP MATERIALS TO ATC STUDENTS OF CASEA MAKASSAR
Authors: Rahmat Agus , Al As'ary Muawwal 
Published: April 2018

The objectives of this research were to find out the application of English for Generic Purposes (EGP) materials to the Air Traffic Controller (ATC) class in learning English at Civil Aviation Safety and Engineering Academy (CASEA), Makassar and the studentsâ€™ perceptions toward the application the materials. This research employed descriptive qualitative research design. It applied cluster random sampling technique. The informants of this research were nineteen that consist of one lecturer and 18 ATC students of CASEA Makassar. The data were collected by observations and interviews. The observations were conducted to gather the data about the application of the materials to the students while the interviews were done to support and strengthen the data from observations whereas the interviews were also purposed for analyzing the studentsâ€™ perception toward the application of the materials. The result of this research showed that (1) the application of EGP materials to ATC students of CASEA Makassar was quite effective since the lecturer had various ways in teaching English and could teach the students based on their needs as aviation studentsÂ and (2) most of the students felt that both ESP (English for Specific Purposes) and EGP were so beneficial for them since as aviation cadets, they are required to be able to communicate in English. Despite the necessities for learning EGP and ESP, most of the students contended that ESP was more essential in their working environments as aircraft controllers.
Exploring Variation in Glycemic Control Across and Within Eight High-Income Countries: A Cross-sectional Analysis of 64,666 Children and Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Charalampopoulos Dimitrios , Hermann Julia M. , Svensson Jannet , Skrivarhaug Torild , Maahs David M. , Akesson Karin , Warner Justin T. , Holl Reinhard W. , Birkebæk Niels H. , Drivvoll Ann K. , Miller Kellee M. , Svensson Ann-Marie , Stephenson Terence , Hofer Sabine E. , Fredheim Siri , Kummernes Siv J. , Foster Nicole , Hanberger Lena , Amin Rakesh , Rami-Merhar Birgit , Johansen Anders , Dahl-Jørgensen Knut , Clements Mark , Hanas Ragnar 
Published: April 2018

OBJECTIVE
International studies on childhood type 1 diabetes (T1D) have focused on whole-country mean HbA1c levels, thereby concealing potential variations within countries. We aimed to explore the variations in HbA1c across and within eight high-income countries to best inform international benchmarking and policy recommendations.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Data were collected between 2013 and 2014 from 64,666 children with T1D who were &lt;18 years of age across 528 centers in Germany, Austria, England, Wales, U.S., Sweden, Denmark, and Norway. We used fixed- and random-effects models adjusted for age, sex, diabetes duration, and minority status to describe differences between center means and to calculate the proportion of total variation in HbA1c levels that is attributable to between-center differences (intraclass correlation [ICC]). We also explored the association between within-center variation and children’s glycemic control.

RESULTS
Sweden had the lowest mean HbA1c (59 mmol/mol [7.6%]) and together with Norway and Denmark showed the lowest between-center variations (ICC ≤4%). Germany and Austria had the next lowest mean HbA1c (61–62 mmol/mol [7.7–7.8%]) but showed the largest center variations (ICC ∼15%). Centers in England, Wales, and the U.S. showed low-to-moderate variation around high mean values. In pooled analysis, differences between counties remained significant after adjustment for children characteristics and center effects (P value &lt;0.001). Across all countries, children attending centers with more variable glycemic results had higher HbA1c levels (5.6 mmol/mol [0.5%] per 5 mmol/mol [0.5%] increase in center SD of HbA1c values of all children attending a specific center).

CONCLUSIONS
At similar average levels of HbA1c, countries display different levels of center variation. The distribution of glycemic achievement within countries should be considered in developing informed policies that drive quality improvement.