bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
AGE Content of a Protein Load Is Responsible for Renal Performances: A Pilot Study
Authors: Normand Gabrielle , Lemoine Sandrine , Villien Marjorie , Le Bars Didier , Merida Ines , Irace Zacharie , Troalen Thomas , Costes Nicolas , Juillard Laurent 
Published: April 2018

OBJECTIVE
Chronic kidney disease is associated with higher morbidity and mortality in patients with diabetes. A low-protein diet is recommended to slow diabetic nephropathy progression because each protein load leads to renal hemodynamic variations. The aim of our study was to evaluate whether the advanced glycation end products (AGE) content of a protein load is responsible for the protein-induced renal hemodynamic variations in humans.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Ten healthy subjects were assigned to a high-protein (1 g/kg) low-AGE (3,000 kU AGE) versus high-AGE (30,000 kU AGE) meal. Renal perfusion, oxygen consumption, and oxygen content were measured before and 120 min after each meal.

RESULTS
Renal perfusion (3.2 ± 0.5 vs. 3.8 ± 0.4 mL/min/g; P = 0.0002) and oxygen consumption (0.3 ± 0.04 vs. 0.4 ± 0.08 min−1; P = 0.005) increased significantly after the high-AGE meal compared with the low-AGE meal.

CONCLUSIONS
Our results suggest that the AGE content of a protein load is responsible for renal hemodynamic modifications. Therefore, prevention of diabetic nephropathy progression could aim predominantly at reducing food AGE content.
PENGARUH KONSENTRASI BAHAN PENGISI DAN SODIUM TRIPOLYPHOSPHATE (Na5P3O10) TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK SOSIS JAMUR TIRAM PUTIH (Pleurotus ostreatus)
Authors: Sofyan Iyan 
Published: April 2018

The purpose of the research is to determine the effect of the concentration of filler material and concentration sodium tripolyphosphate to the characteristics of white oyster mushrooms sausage. The research method consists of preliminary research and primary research. The preliminary research conducted to determine the type of filler material to be used in the main research. The primary research is to determine of the varying concentration of filler material and sodium tripolyphosphate concentration.The Experimental design that used in this research is a Randomized Block Design with factorial pattern of 3x3 in followed by Duncan test. . The first factor of the primary research is the concentration of filler material (a) that is 8.00% (a1), 8.25% (a2), 8.50% (a3) and 8.75% (a4). The second factor of the primary research is the concentration of sodium tripolyphosphate (b) that is 12% (b1), 13% (b2), 14% (b3), and 15% (b4). Observation parameter conducted to physical analysis covering hardness level by using penetrometer appliance. Organoleptic test that covering color, aroma, texture, and flavor. and also chemical analysis of selected samples covering protein rate, fiber rate, and ash content rate.The results of research showed that the chosen sample a3b1 treatment with (filler material concentration (a) 15%, and sodium tripolyphosphate (b) 0.24%). has a hardness level of 7.80 mm / sec, protein content of 4.9%, ash content of 0, 95% and fiber content of 6.86%. based on organoleptics test show that the value of a favorite on the attributes of color, flavor, taste and texture are 4.62, 2.30, 4.65, 4.44 respectively.
POLITENESS PRINCIPLE IN “THE ELLEN DEGENERES SHOW” AND ITS IMPLICATION IN LEARNING ENGLISH (Content Analysis Study)
Authors: Husni Naimatul 
Published: April 2018

The aims of this research to examine in depth The principles of language politeness and politeness strategies that contained in The Talk Show “Ellen DeGeneres Show”. This research is a qualitative research using content analysis method. Data collection techniques and procedures used are documentation techniques; listened techniques, and record techniques. The results of The research showed: (1) Politeness principle that The most commonly used was The sympaty maxim about 68 utterances (36.55%), while generosity maxim was The least-used, 1 utterance (0.53%) ; (2) The most frequent violation of principle politeness was agreement maxim about 24 utterances (68.57%), while The least violation of principle of politeness was approbation maxim, 2 utterances (5.71%); (3) The implications of politeness in The learning of English is divided into two, Theoretical and practical implications. Theoreticaly, this research can also be used as a first step to research more about language politeness in a Talk Show. Practically this research can be used and used for teachers and students as discussion learning materials.Key words: Politeness, Talk Show, Principle PolitenessPRINSIP KESANTUNAN DALAM “THE ELLEN DEGENERES SHOW” DAN IMPLIKASINYA DALAM PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA INGGRIS (Kajian Analisis Isi)Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji secara mendalam mengenai prinsip-prinsip kesantunan berbahasa yang terdapat di dalam Talk Show Ellen The DeGeneres Show serta bagaimana implikasinya dalam pemebelajaran bahasa Inggris. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode analisis isi. Teknik dan prosedur pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah teknik dokumentasi, teknik simak, dan teknik catat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: (1) Jenis – jenis prinsip kesantunan berbahasa yang paling banyak digunakan adalah maksim kesimpatian sebanyak 68 tuturan (36,55%), sedangkan maksim penerimaaan merupakan prinsip kesantunan berbahasa yang paling sedikit digunakan yaitu 1 tuturan (0,53%); (2) Pelanggaran prinsip kesantuanan berbahasa yang paling banyak ditemukan adalah pelanggaran maksim kecocokan yaitu sebanyak 24 tuturan (68,57%), sedangkan pelanggaran prinsip kesantunan yang paling sedikit adalah pelanggaran maksim kemurahan yaitu 2 tuturan (5,71%); (3) Implikasi kesantunan berbahasa dalam pembelajaran bahasa Inggris terbagi dua yakni implikasi secara teoritis dan praktis. Secara teoritis penelitian ini dapat digunakan sebagai langkah awal untuk bagi peneliti lainnya untuk meneliti lebih lanjut tentang kesantunan berbahasa dalam sebuah acara Talk Show. Secara praktis penelitian ini dapat digunakan dan dimanfaatkan bagi guru dan siswa sebagai bahan materi pembelajaran diskusi.Kata Kunci: Kesantunan, Talk Show, Prinsip Kesantunan
MODERN RACISM: BINARY OPPOSITION OF BLACK AND WHITE IN THE NOVELS OF JACQUELINE WOODSON
Authors: Al-Hafizh Muhammad , Faruk Faruk , Juliasih Juliasih 
Published: April 2018

The meaning of thing in a discourse is potentially determined by soemoene who has the power. In this case, a discourse is purposely designed and conditioned by dominan institution. Through the language in a discourse, some bad characters or images can be attributed to someone such as subversive, fundamentalist, terrorist, and so on. Such phenomena also can be found in the terminology of black and white in the discourse about racism. Black is identical as the opposition of white. Whereas black is bad, white always has connotation with good things, such as purity, God, excellence, etc. Binary opposition of white and black is continously produced in the discourse about racism. Black people (negroid) are assumed inferior toward white (caucasoid). At the same time, language also contribute positive image toward people who have the authority. In that case, language is not only a grammatical system, but it leads to the conflict of interest. This paper is a result of library research toward a discourse about racism in the novels of Jacqueline Woodson. The research was conducted by using poscolonialism and deconstruction approach. This reserach is aimed at revealing: (1) how are the image about black and white are constructed in the novels of Jacqueline Woodson. (2) What are the binary opposition, decentering and fixasion aspects in that novels. The conclusion of this research shows that language is still powerfull in shaping ideas about racism, especially in keeping the issues of black and white as binary opposition. Key words: discourse, binary opposition, power, racism
MALIN KUNDANG, IBUNYA DURHAKA: Suatu Pendekatan Genetik
Authors: Ronidin Ronidin 
Published: April 2018

This paper discuss the influence of kaba “Malin Kundang" as a form of oral literature of the short story parody Minangkabau A.A. Navis entitled "Malin Kundang, Ibunya Durhaka" (“MKID”). The discussion carried out by using a genetic approach. Genetic approach examines how the work affects the work of others. Analysis conducted “MKID” illustrates that the short story as a parody of the affected works of kaba "Malin Kundang" indicates a social critique of Navis toward modern society—especially the people within the scope of the author, the Minangkabau people—whom have been uprooted from its cultural roots, so that in everyday life they become materialistic and overturning of moral values and religion. In pursuit of his passion, they perform a variety of "sedition" is sometimes hard to accept common sense. World upside down in a short story in which a “MKID” mother "disobey" her and "cheating" for his worldly needs, is a portrait of a sick society, unstable, and turned upside down. Key words: Malin Kundang, son, mother, sedition, influence, parody
Cloning and expression of NS3 gene of Pakistani isolate type 2 dengue virus
Authors: Yasmin Farkhanda , Yaqub Tahir , Idrees Muhammad , Shahzad Wasim , Hashmi Abu Saeed , Aqil Kiran , Mukhtar Nadia , Zahoor Muhammad Yasir , Akhtar Naeem , Umar Sajid 
Published: April 2018

Abstract

Introduction
Dengue is one of the major emerging viral diseases in the world, with dramatic increases in reported cases in the last few decades and annual worldwide occurrence of approximately 390 million infections. It is a highly important mosquito-vectored disease and is a problem in tropical and subtropical areas of the world. The major aim of this study was to clone and express the dengue NS3 gene, in service to its therapeutic importance for the development of stable cell lines.

Material and Methods
Blood samples from dengue fever (DF) patients were collected and subjected to PCR amplification of the NS3 gene of dengue virus serotype-2 (DENV-2). The NS3 gene was amplified using gene specific primers and cloned in the TA cloning vectors.

Results
The gene was successfully expressed in mammalian expression vector pcDNA3.1. The current finding was different from a previously reported DENV-2 strain replicon constructed in different cells, in which the whole genetic material of the virus was used instead of an active protease gene, and which gave a low yield of replicon expressing cells.

Conclusion
Recombinant NS3 could be used to produce an antibody that is possibly helpful for developing a single step diagnostic assay to detect the dengue virus NS3 antigen in sera of dengue patients.
Identification and control of sources of Taenia solium infection – the attempts to eradicate the parasite
Authors: Samorek-Pieróg Małgorzata , Karamon Jacek , Cencek Tomasz 
Published: April 2018

Abstract

Taenia solium is a parasite causing porcine cysticercosis and human taeniosis and cysticercosis, parasitic zoonoses with a serious public health and economic influence. It has been globally ranked as the top foodborne parasite by the Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations (FAO) and the World Health Organisation (WHO). This parasite is transmitted mainly in countryside regions where animals are free roaming, having access to human faeces, and infected pork is widely available. More developed countries eliminated cysticercosis; nonetheless, there are insufficient data about the current endemicity status of T. solium, due to increased human migration from endemic areas. Formally submitted statistics on cysticercosis in pigs are extremely inadequate. This is the result of not reporting all cases of the disease by some countries and lack of molecular verification during identification of the parasite. There is a need to develop diagnostic tests with increased sensitivity and specificity. The purpose of the present review is to summarise current knowledge about diagnostic and control methods concerning T. solium infection. The article does not address the diagnostics of human cysticercosis, since there is a distinct medical field which should be discussed separately. The paper focuses mainly on identifying the sources of T. solium infection, presenting the methods to detect and control porcine cysticercosis and taeniosis in humans.
Phagocytic activity and oxygen metabolism of peripheral blood granulocytes from rabbits experimentally infected with Trichophyton mentagrophytes
Authors: Wojcicka-Lorenowicz Katarzyna , Kostro Krzysztof , Lisiecka Urszula , Gąsiorek Bolesław 
Published: April 2018

Abstract

Introduction
Phagocytic activity and oxygen metabolism of peripheral blood granulocytes from rabbits with experimental trichophytosis were assessed by flow cytometry.

Material and Methods
Virulent species of T. mentagrophytes var. granulosum (Tm-K) isolated from rabbits with natural trichophytosis was used for experimental infection. The phagocytic activity of granulocytes was measured in whole blood by flow cytometry using the commercial Phagotest kit. Oxidative burst was measured in whole blood by flow cytometry using the commercial Bursttest kit.

Results
It was found that rabbits were susceptible to infection with Trichophyton mentagrophytes under experimental conditions. The analysis of the phagocytic activity indices and oxygen metabolism of granulocytes in peripheral blood of infected rabbits showed that changes of the indices were connected with the progression and regression of the disease. A significant decrease in phagocytic activity and oxygen metabolism was observed during development of fungal lesions and it remained similar throughout the progress of the disease. The highest means of the percentage of activated and ingesting phagocytes and a significant increase in the mean fluorescence intensity (representing the number of ingested bacteria) were observed during spontaneous recovery. Therefore, the decrease or increase in the indices of phagocytic activity and oxygen metabolism of granulocytes from rabbits experimentally infected with T. mentagrophytes is somehow related to the progress of infection and suppressive activity of the fungus, whose elimination during recovery caused significant increases in investigated indices of non-specific cellular immunity.

Conclusion
The results of the present investigation confirm that the mechanism of oxygen-dependent killing is crucial in infections caused by T. mentagrophytes.
Analysis of haematological and biochemical blood parameters after electrical cardioversion of atrial fibrillation in dogs
Authors: Noszczyk-Nowak Agnieszka , Michałek Marcin , Janiszewski Adrian , Kurosad Agnieszka , Sławuta Agnieszka , Cepiel Alicja , Pasławska Urszula 
Published: April 2018

Abstract

Introduction
Electrical cardioversion is a therapeutic procedure used to convert various types of arrhythmias back to sinus rhythm. It is used to restore the sinus rhythm in dogs with atrial fibrillation. The effect of the electrical energy used during cardioversion on red blood cells (RBC) is not fully understood. Studies on humans reported lysis of RBC following electrical cardioversion. Similar studies have not been carried out on dogs. The aim of the study was to assess the effect of electrical cardioversion on chosen RBC parameters.

Material and Methods
The study was carried out on 14 large and giant breed dogs weighing from 30 to 84 kg with lone atrial fibrillation (lone AF). Electrical cardioversion was carried out under general anaesthesia by biphasic shock with 70–360 J of energy. Blood was collected at T0 – during atrial fibrillation, prior to cardioversion, and at T1 – 30 min after electrical cardioversion. Complete blood counts as well as total and direct bilirubin concentrations were evaluated. A maximum output of 360 J was used.

Results
In all cases, electrical cardioversion was effective, and no significant changes in the number of RBC and RBC indices were noted. Similarly, there were no statistically significant differences in the levels of total and direct bilirubin.

Conclusion
Electrical cardioversion in dogs led neither to statistically nor clinically significant RBC lysis.
Assessing soil loss using GIS based RUSLE methodology. Case of the Bou Namoussa watershed – North-East of Algeria
Authors: Bouhadeb Chemss Eddine , Menani Mohamed Redha , Bouguerra Hamza , Derdous Oussama 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThis study aims to estimating annual soil erosion rate and its spatial distribution in the Bou Namoussa water-shed located in the North-East of Algeria by applying the revised universal soil loss equation (RUSLE) within a Geographical Information System environment (GIS). The application of the RUSLE model in different natural environments and on every scale takes into account five key factors namely: the rainfall erosivity, the soil erodibility, the steepness and length of slopes, the vegetation cover and the conservation support practices. Each of these factors was generated in GIS as a raster layer, their combination, resulted in the development of a soil loss map indicating an average erosion rate of 7.8 t·ha−1·y−1. The obtained soil loss map was classified into four erosion severity classes; low, moderate, high and very high severity representing respectively 40, 30.48, 22.59 and 6.89% of the total surface. The areas, showing moderate, high and very high erosion rates which represent more than half of the basin area were found generally located in regions having high erodibility soils, steep slopes and low vegetation cover. These areas should be considered as priorities in future erosion control programs in order to decrease the siltation rate in the Cheffia reservoir.
Assessment of two loss methods for estimation of surface runoff in Zaafrania urban catchment, North-East of Algeria
Authors: Dahdouh Yacina , Ouerdachi Lahbassi 
Published: April 2018

AbstractSurface runoff is a major problem in urban catchments; its generation is always related to the amount of effective rainfall dropped over the surface, however in urban catchments the process is considerably altered by the emergence of impervious areas. In this study the Soil Consevation Service – curve number (SCS-CN) and the Green–Ampt loss methods were used in rainfall-runoff modelling in the Zaafrania urban catchment which is located in Annaba city in the north east of Algeria. The two loss methods were carried out within Hydrologic Engineering Center – Hydrologic Modelling System (HEC-HMS), the choice of the appropriate method for simulating runoff hydrographs in the study area was made by comparing the simulated hydrographs versus observed data using visual inspection and statistical analysis. The results indicate that SCS-CN loss method fit better in the case of 100 years return period NSE (0.462) than in 10 years NSE (0.346) and the results of calibration of Green–Ampt loss method for the 100 years return period NSE (0.417) provide best fit than the case of 10 years NSE (0.381). Furthermore, the results of both return periods (10 and 100 years) of SCS-CN loss method provide best fit than the results of return periods (10 and 100 years) of Green–Ampt loss method. It could be concluded that SCS-CN method is preferred to the Green–Ampt method for event based rainfall-runoff modelling.
Modelling rainfall runoff relations using HEC-HMS in a semi-arid region: Case study in Ain Sefra watershed, Ksour Mountains (SW Algeria)
Authors: Derdour Abdessamed , Bouanani Abderrazak , Babahamed Kamila 
Published: April 2018

AbstractAin Sefra is one of the Algerian cities that had been experienced several devastating floods during the past 100 years. The purpose of this study is to simulate runoff in the semi-arid region of Ain Sefra watershed through the employing of the Hydrologic Engineering Center – Hydrologic Modelling System (HEC-HMS). In this paper, the frequency storm is used for the meteorological model, the Soil Conservation Service – curve number (SCS-CN) is selected to calculate the loss rate and Soil Conservation Service unit hydrograph method have been applied to simulate the runoff rate. After calibration and validation, the simulated peak discharges were very close with observed values. The Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient was 0.95, indicates that the hydrological modeling results are satisfactory and accepted for simulation of rainfall-runoff. The peak discharges obtained for the 10, 50, 100 and 1000 year storms are respectively 425.8, 750.5, 904.3 and 1328.3 m3∙s−1.
Analysis of trend rainfall: Case of North-Eastern Algeria
Authors: Mrad Dounia , Djebbar Yassine , Hammar Yahia 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe climatic change is a reality largely recognized today in the scientific community. Nevertheless, its impact on precipitation, especially on annual, monthly and seasonally rainfall in arid and semi-arid regions is not yet certain. Indeed, very few studies have dealt with this matter in Algeria.In this context to examine spatial distribution of annual and seasonal rainfall an attempt has been made using the inverse distance weighting (IDW) method. Trends and magnitude estimate of change in rainfall series were detected by Mann–Kendall tests and Sen's test slope, has been applied to the data registered of 35 stations in the watershed Constantinois Seybouse Mellegue (CSM) North-Eastern Algeria over a period of 43 years (1969–2012).Results from spatial plot of annual rainfall showed that the rainfall increases with altitude, but is higher for the stations exposed to moist winds. It also increases from east to west and conversely decreases as one moves away from the coast to the south. From statistical method showed that there are increase trends at 95% confidence at annual scale in some rainfall stations with high altitude and coastal stations during winter season.
Spatio-temporal analysis of rainfall trends in Chhattisgarh State, Central India over the last 115 years
Authors: Nema Manish K. , Khare Deepak , Adamowski Jan , Chandniha Surendra K. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractA quantitative and qualitative understanding of the anticipated climate-change-driven multi-scale spatio-temporal shifts in precipitation and attendant river flows is crucial to the development of water resources management approaches capable of sustaining and even improving the ecological and socioeconomic viability of rain-fed agricultural regions. A set of homogeneity tests for change point detection, non-parametric trend tests, and the Sen’s slope estimator were applied to long-term gridded rainfall records of 27 newly formed districts in Chhattisgarh State, India. Illustrating the impacts of climate change, an analysis of spatial variability, multi-temporal (monthly, seasonal, annual) trends and inter-annual variations in rainfall over the last 115 years (1901–2015 mean 1360 mm·y−1) showed an overall decline in rainfall, with 1961 being a change point year (i.e., shift from rising to declining trend) for most districts in Chhattisgarh. Spatio-temporal variations in rainfall within the state of Chhattisgarh showed a coefficient of variation of 19.77%. Strong inter-annual and seasonal variability in regional rainfall were noted. These rainfall trend analyses may help predict future climate scenarios and thereby allow planning of effective and sustainable water resources management for the region.