bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
International cooperation of subjects of public control (subjects of civil society) on the example of the countries of the European Union
Authors: Blinnikova Anna  Valer'evna , Goncharov Vitalii Viktorovich , Malinovskii Oleg Nikolaevich , Cheshin Andrei Vladimirovich , Petrenko Elena Gennad'evna 
Published: November 2024

This article is devoted to the analysis of the current state and problems of the development of the institute of international cooperation of subjects of public control (subjects of civil society) on the example of the countries of the European Union. The authors note that the Institute of public control, which in the countries of the European Union is referred to in the context of the terms "transparency" and "participation", is the most important institution of civil society in these states, which has a long history. Due to the fact that the European states have been increasingly converging in their interaction and cooperation over the past decades (which was reflected in the creation and development of the European Union as an international intergovernmental organization), similar processes of international and interstate cooperation are taking place in the processes of interaction between subjects of public control (subjects of civil society of the national states of Europe). This cooperation is carried out both within the framework of the European Union (through the creation of European unions and associations of various types of subjects of public control), and through cooperation of these European unions and associations with other international associations and unions of subjects of public control (subjects of civil society). A number of scientific research methods are used in the work, in particular: formal-logical; comparative-legal; historical-legal; statistical; sociological; method of analyzing specific legal situations. The authors identified and analyzed the main problems hindering international cooperation of subjects of public control (subjects of civil society) on the example of the countries of the European Union, among which the following can be distinguished: the absence of a single normative legal act in the European Union, which would consolidate the legal status and foundations of this international cooperation; weak powers as subjects of public control (subjects of civil society) in the EU countries and their European unions and associations (as well as international associations and unions in this field); weak development of the institute of international associations and unions of subjects of public control (subjects of civil society) in the world as a whole; insufficient use of modern digital technologies by these subjects both in their activities and in the processes of cooperation; the lack of unification of national legislation in this area both in the countries of the European Union and in the world as a whole. A system of measures to resolve these problems has been developed and justified.
Association between circulating CTRP9 levels and coronary artery disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhu Ziyi , Niu Qingsheng , Tang Shiyuan , Jiang Yaowen 
Published: November 2024

Background
C1q tumor necrosis factor (TNF) related proteins 9 (CTRP9) is a novel adipocytokine that has been shown to have a cardioprotective effect in coronary artery disease (CAD). However, there are conflicting results on circulating levels of CTRP9 in patients with and without CAD. This meta-analysis was conducted to investigate the association between circulating CTRP9 levels and CAD.

Objective
The aim of this meta-analysis was to re-examine the relationship between circulating CTRP9 levels and CAD.

Methods
We searched PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, CNKI, VIP, Wanfang Data, and CBM for relevant studies up to October 2023, and 193 articles were identified. After reading the title, abstract and full text, a total of 25 articles were included in this meta-analysis. A prespecified protocol registered at INPLASY was followed (INPLASY202450066). Due to the high heterogeneity, we performed subgroup analyses and meta-regression based on patient characteristics, complications, clinical biochemical indicators, coronary artery lesion, and CAD classification. Publication bias was assessed using Egger’s linear regression tests, Begg’s rank correlation tests, and funnel plots.

Results
The results showed that the patient with CAD had significantly lower circulating CTRP9 levels than the control group (Z = 3.26, P = 0.001). Subgroup analysis and meta-regression findings demonstrated that observed heterogeneity could be attributed to population distribution. Patient characteristics (year of publication, patients’ age, and BMI), complications (diabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)), clinical biochemical indicators, coronary artery lesion (stability of coronary atherosclerotic plaque, and the number of diseased coronary vessels), and classification of CAD were not identified as source of heterogeneity.

Conclusions
The meta-analysis confirmed that circulating CTRP9 levels in CAD patients are significantly lower than those in patients without CAD. The association may be modified by the population distribution.
Analysis of Plankton Abundance, Diversity and Dominance along the Siddo Coast in Barru Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Idris Andi Puspa Sari 
Published: November 2024

This research aims to determine the level of abundance, diversity, uniformity, and dominance of plankton in the waters of Siddo Beach, Barru Regency. The research was carried out at three research locations, namely location 1, namely the hatchery location and Siddo Beach Bay; location 2, namely the location around the pier and mangroves; and location 3, namely the location around the community settlement in Toe hamlet, Barru Regency. Plankton in this location needs to be researched because there are many environmental forces that can disrupt the existence of plankton. Analisis plankton dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Kimia dan Air Politeknik Pertanian Negeri Pangkep. Data selanjutnya dianalisis dengan analisis deskriptif. The results showed that the abundance of plankton at location 1 was highest for plankton of the Navicula sp type; at location 2, the highest was for plankton of the Oscilatoria sp type; and the abundance of plankton at location 3 was highest for plankton of the type Acartia sp. The average diversity of plankton at the research location is in the range of 0.1526795-0.20716, the uniformity of plankton at the research location is in the range 0.06144279-0.10646145, and the dominance of plankton at location 1 is highest in Cosconidiscus sp type plankton, location 2 is dominated by Oscilatoria sp type plankton, and location 3 is dominated by plankton of the Acartis sp type. Thus, there is no type of plankton that has the highest abundance and dominance for all research locations.
Multiplexed In Vivo Imaging Using Size‐Controlled Quantum Dots in the Second Near‐Infrared Window
Authors: Jeong Sanghwa , Jung Yebin , Bok Seoyeon , Ryu Yeon‐Mi , Lee Sumin , Kim Young‐Eun , Song Jaejung , Kim Miyeon , Kim Sang‐Yeob , Ahn G‐One , Kim Sungjee 
Published: November 2018

AbstractPbS/CdS core/shell quantum dots (QDs) that emit at the second near‐infrared (NIR‐II, 1000–1700 nm) window are synthesized. The PbS seed size and CdS shell thicknesses are carefully controlled to produce bright and narrow fluorescence that are suitable for multiplexing. A polymer encapsulation yields polymer‐encapsulated NIR‐II QDs (PQDs), which provides the QDs with long‐term fluorescence stability over a week in biological media. Exploiting the simple bioconjugation capability of PQDs, folic acids are conjugated to PQDs that can efficiently label folate receptor overexpressing cell lines. The PQDs afford multiplexed and nearly real‐time longitudinal whole‐body in vivo imaging. Two NIR‐II QD probes are prepared: folic acid‐conjugated PQDs (FA‐PQDs) emitting at 1280 nm and unconjugated PQDs emitting at 1080 nm. The two PQDs are engineered to have compact and similar hydrodynamic sizes. A mixture of the folic acid‐conjugated PQD and unconjugated PQDs is injected intravenously into a tumor‐xenografted mouse, and the signals from them are monitored. This NIR‐II whole‐body imaging with the two PQDs provides precise evaluation of the active ligand‐assisted tumor‐targeting capability of the FA‐PQD probe because the hydrodynamic size control of the two PQDs effectively eliminates effects from the size‐dependent accumulations by permeations and retentions in tumors.
Electronic and Optical Properties of 2D Transition Metal Carbides and Nitrides (MXenes)
Authors: Hantanasirisakul Kanit , Gogotsi Yury 
Published: November 2018

Abstract2D transition metal carbides, carbonitrides, and nitrides, known as MXenes, are a rapidly growing family of 2D materials with close to 30 members experimentally synthesized, and dozens more studied theoretically. They exhibit outstanding electronic, optical, mechanical, and thermal properties with versatile transition metal and surface chemistries. They have shown promise in many applications, such as energy storage, electromagnetic interference shielding, transparent electrodes, sensors, catalysis, photothermal therapy, etc. The high electronic conductivity and wide range of optical absorption properties of MXenes are the key to their success in the aforementioned applications. However, relatively little is currently known about their fundamental electronic and optical properties, limiting their use to their full potential. Here, MXenes' electronic and optical properties from both theoretical and experimental perspectives, as well as applications related to those properties, are discussed, providing a guide for researchers who are exploring those properties of MXenes.
An Ultrasensitive and Ultraselective Hydrogen Sensor Based on Defect‐Dominated Electron Scattering in Pt Nanowire Arrays
Authors: Cao Fan , Zhao Pengfei , Wang Zhao , Zhang Xianghui , Zheng He , Wang Jianbo , Zhou Di , Hu Yongming , Gu Haoshuang 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe detection of hydrogen gas has attracted extensive attention due to its wide applications. Here, ultrathin Pt nanowires (3.5 nm) with abundant defects are fabricated by focused ion beam (FIB) for hydrogen detection. Different from the surface‐dominated scattering in previous reports where the resistance of Pt decreases after hydrogenation, the Pt hydrogen sensor prepared by FIB is based on defect‐dominated electron scattering owing to the abundant defects, i.e., the resistance is dominated by defect scattering, while H atoms will diffuse along the defects and thus enhance the electron scattering and resistance. Thanks to the small volume of H atoms (easy to diffuse along defects), the sensor is very sensitive and selective to hydrogen and exhibits fast response–recovery properties. Moreover, the sensitivity can be improved after the response–recovery loops, which may be ascribed to the generation of extra defects (further accelerating H atom diffusion). After response in pure H2 and recovery in air, the sensor has an ultralow limit of detection (for H2 in air) of 10 ppb. The results present a hydrogen sensor with superior sensitivity and selectivity, which would not only facilitate the development of metal hydrogen sensors, but also provide a feasible strategy for hydrogen detection.
Recent Advances in Metal‐Catalyzed Bond‐Forming Reactions of Ketene S,S‐Acetals
Authors: Xu Cong , Wang Mang , Liu Qun 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe readily available ketene S,S‐acetals (ketene dithioacetals) are useful building blocks for the construction of a wide range of organic molecules and natural products. This review attempts to summarize the recent advances in the field of ketene dithioacetal chemistry since 2012, especially metal‐catalyzed/metal‐mediated bond‐forming reactions with the emphasis on the catalysts and reaction modes based on their unique structural features. Discussions on the reaction mechanisms and the applications of the developed methods in synthesis are also included with personal comments in some cases.magnified image
Using Carbon Dioxide as a Building Block in Continuous Flow Synthesis
Authors: Seo Hyowon , Nguyen Long V. , Jamison Timothy F. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractCarbon dioxide (CO2) is an attractive building block for organic synthesis that is environmentally friendly. Continuous flow technologies have enabled C−O and C−C bond forming reactions with CO2 that previously were either low‐yielding or impossible in batch to afford value‐added chemicals. This review describes recent advances in continuous flow as an enabling strategy in utilizing CO2 as a C1 building block in chemical synthesis.magnified image
Rational Design and Construction of Cocatalysts for Semiconductor‐Based Photo‐Electrochemical Oxygen Evolution: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Xu Xiao‐Ting , Pan Lun , Zhang Xiangwen , Wang Li , Zou Ji‐Jun 
Published: November 2018

AbstractPhoto‐electrochemical (PEC) water splitting, as an essential and indispensable research branch of solar energy applications, has achieved increasing attention in the past decades. Between the two photoelectrodes, the photoanodes for PEC water oxidation are mostly studied for the facile selection of n‐type semiconductors. Initially, the efficiency of the PEC process is rather limited, which mainly results from the existing drawbacks of photoanodes such as instability and serious charge‐carrier recombination. To improve PEC performances, researchers gradually focus on exploring many strategies, among which engineering photoelectrodes with suitable cocatalysts is one of the most feasible and promising methods to lower reaction obstacles and boost PEC water splitting ability. Here, the basic principles, modules of the PEC system, evaluation parameters in PEC water oxidation reactions occurring on the surface of photoanodes, and the basic functions of cocatalysts on the promotion of PEC performance are demonstrated. Then, the key progress of cocatalyst design and construction applied to photoanodes for PEC oxygen evolution is emphatically introduced and the influences of different kinds of water oxidation cocatalysts are elucidated in detail. Finally, the outlook of highly active cocatalysts for the photosynthesis process is also included.
Substrate‐Wide Confined Shear Alignment of Carbon Nanotubes for Thin Film Transistors
Authors: Jinkins Katherine R. , Chan Jason , Jacobberger Robert M. , Berson Arganthaël , Arnold Michael S. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractTo exploit their charge transport properties in transistors, semiconducting carbon nanotubes must be assembled into aligned arrays comprised of individualized nanotubes at optimal packing densities. However, achieving this control on the wafer‐scale is challenging. Here, solution‐based shear in substrate‐wide, confined channels is investigated to deposit continuous films of well‐aligned, individualized, semiconducting nanotubes. Polymer‐wrapped nanotubes in organic ink are forced through sub‐mm tall channels, generating shear up to 10 000 s−1 uniformly aligning nanotubes across substrates. The ink volume and concentration, channel height, and shear rate dependencies are elucidated. Optimized conditions enable alignment within a ±32° window, at 50 nanotubes µm−1, on 10 × 10 cm2 substrates. Transistors (channel length of 1–5 µm) are fabricated parallel and perpendicular to the alignment. The parallel transistors perform with 7× faster charge carrier mobility (101 and 49 cm2 V−1 s−1 assuming array and parallel‐plate capacitances, respectively) with high on/off ratio of 105. The spatial uniformity varies ±10% in density, ±2° in alignment, and ±7% in mobility. Deposition occurs within seconds per wafer, and further substrate scaling is viable. Compared to random networks, aligned nanotube films promise to be a superior platform for applications including sensors, flexible/stretchable electronics, and light emitting and harvesting devices.
Attitudinal support for violence against women: What a population‐level survey of the Australian community can and cannot tell us
Authors: Webster Kim , Ward Andrew , Diemer Kristin , Flood Michael , Powell Anastasia , Forster Kelleigh , Honey Nikki 
Published: November 2018

AbstractViolence against women (VAW) is a serious and prevalent problem globally. Societal‐level norms, practices and structures are among the factors contributing to it, sometimes referred to collectively as representing “cultures of support” for VAW. Understanding factors contributing to these cultures is important for prevention, but remains the subject of debate. Population‐level surveys of attitudes toward VAW are one means to strengthen this understanding. Although there are a number of such surveys internationally, scholarly research based on secondary analysis of data, at least from surveys in high‐income countries, is scant. This article reports on new analyses of the Australian National Community Attitudes Towards Violence Against Women survey to explore its potential to further empirical and conceptual understanding of cultures of support for VAW. To facilitate this, a scale to measure attitudes toward VAW was developed post hoc from the survey (the Violence Supportive Attitudes, or VSA‐18, Scale). Subsequent analyses investigate the relationship between this scale and relevant demographic factors and a measure of attitudinal support for gender equality (GE). The GE measure, place of birth, employment and occupation, generation, education and sex contribute to variance in the VSA‐18 Scale. Findings are discussed in the context of theoretical debates and directions for future research.
Free Radical Reactivity of a Phosphaalkene Explored Through Studies of Radical Isotopologues
Authors: Chandrasena Lalangi , Samedov Kerim , McKenzie Iain , Mozafari Mina , West Robert , Gates Derek P. , Percival Paul W. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractMuonium (Mu), an H atom analogue, is employed to probe the addition of free radicals to the P=C bond of a phosphaalkene. Specifically, two unprecedented muoniated free radicals, MesP.−CMu(Me)2 (1 a, minor product) and MesPMu−C.Me2 (1 b, major product), were detected by muon spin spectroscopy (μSR) when a solution of MesP=CMe2 (1: Mes=2,4,6‐trimethylphenyl) was exposed to a beam of positive muons (μ+). The μ+ serves as a source of Mu (that is, Mu=μ++e−). To confirm the identity of the major product 1 b, its spectral features were compared to its isotopologue, MesPH‐C.(Me)CH2Mu (2 a). Conveniently, 2 a is the sole product of the reaction of MesPH(CMe=CH2) (2) with Mu. For all observed radicals, muon, proton, and phosphorus hyperfine coupling constants were determined by μSR and compared to DFT‐calculated values.
Aggregation Behavior of a Six‐Membered Cyclic Frustrated Phosphane/Borane Lewis Pair: Formation of a Supramolecular Cyclooctameric Macrocyclic Ring System
Authors: Jie Xiaoming , Daniliuc Constantin G. , Knitsch Robert , Hansen Michael Ryan , Eckert Hellmut , Ehlert Sebastian , Grimme Stefan , Kehr Gerald , Erker Gerhard 
Published: November 2018

AbstractA new six‐membered cyclic frustrated phosphane/borane Lewis pair was liberated from its HB(C6F5)2 adduct by treatment with vinylcyclohexane. The system is an active frustrated Lewis pair that undergoes cycloaddition reactions with suitable π reagents and it splits dihydrogen. At room temperature in solution the new compound is a monomer, however, in the crystal and in solution at low temperature it aggregates to a thermodynamically favoured supramolecular macrocyclic cyclooctamer.
Building from Ga‐Porphyrins: Synthesis of Ga‐Acetylide Complexes Using Acetylenes and Polyynes
Authors: Walter Vroni , Gao Yueze , Grzegorzek Norbert , Krempe Maximilian , Hampel Frank , Jux Norbert , Tykwinski Rik R. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractMultidimensional, conjugated building blocks have been formed through the axial coordination of polyynes to the central Ga atom of tetraarylporphyrins. Electron deficient pentafluorophenyl substituents in the meso‐positions provide more stable σ‐acetylide complexes to Ga than analogous structures with tert‐butylphenyl groups. Mono‐, di‐, and triynes have been used, including a pyridyl endcapped diyne that allows for formation of porphyrin triads through coordination of the pyridyl ligand to a Ru porphyrin.
C−H Functionalization of Commodity Polymers
Authors: Williamson Jill B. , Lewis Sally E. , Johnson Robert R. , Manning Irene M. , Leibfarth Frank A. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractSynthetic manipulation of polymer substrates is one of the oldest and most reliable methods to increase the functional diversity of soft materials. Modifying the chemical structure of polymers that are already produced on a commodity scale leverages the current high‐volume and low‐cost production of commodity plastics for the discovery of modern materials. A myriad of polymer C−H functionalization methods have been developed which enable the modification of material properties on both a laboratory and industrial scale. More recently, driven by advances in C−H activation, photoredox catalysis, and radical chemistry, chemoselective approaches have emerged as a means to impart precise functionality onto commodity polymer substrates. This Review discusses the historical significance of and contemporary advances in the C−H functionalization of commodity polymers. The conceptual approach outlined herein presents exciting new directions for the field, including increasing the value of otherwise pervasive materials, uncovering entirely new material properties, and a viable path to upcycle post‐consumer plastic waste.
Procambarus clarkii (Girard, 1852) and crayfish plague as new threats for biodiversity in Indonesia
Authors: Putra Marfian Dwidima , Bláha Martin , Wardiatno Yusli , Krisanti Majariana , Yonvitner  , Jerikho Rikho , Kamal Mohammad Mukhlis , Mojžišová Michaela , Bystřický Pavel Karel , Kouba Antonín , Kalous Lukáš , Petrusek Adam , Patoka Jiří 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

Numerous freshwater crayfish species are known to become successful invaders when introduced to new territories. One of the most invasive species in this group is the red swamp crayfish, Procambarus clarkii (Girard, 1852). In addition to other characteristics facilitating its invasiveness, it is also a vector of crayfish plague, a disease mostly lethal to crayfish of non‐North American origin.
Procambarus clarkii, at present the most widespread crayfish species globally, is popular in many countries both for human consumption and as an ornamental animal. An established population of this species was documented for the first time within Indonesia, representing the first record for maritime Southeast Asia. The species is also common in the local ornamental pet trade.
Infection by the crayfish plague pathogen Aphanomyces astaci Schikora was confirmed both in the outdoor population of P. clarkii and in one of the surveyed pet shops. Furthermore, A. astaci was detected in specimens of freshwater crab and shrimp species coexisting with P. clarkii.
Local climatic conditions and the species temperature requirements suggest a high probability of the establishment of P. clarkii in Indonesia. Its further spread could irreversibly damage populations of many native endemic crustaceans in the country (as well as elsewhere in the region), and the thriving local aquacultures of the redclaw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (von Martens, 1868) may also be threatened.
The total ban of P. clarkii and other crayfish species of North American origin in Indonesia is strongly recommended, especially considering that aquaculture and trade with Australasian species is a viable alternative option.