bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Disclosure of Pending Lawsuits and Bond Terms
Authors: Lou Yun 
Published: July 2018

I examine the effect of the disclosure of pending lawsuits in 10-K/Q filings on the contractual terms of newly issued bonds. I find that firms’ decisions to disclose pending lawsuits and the amount of disclosed information (i.e., the level of disclosure) have opposite effects. Specifically, firms that disclose a higher proportion of their pending lawsuits face higher yields and are more likely to include default clauses pertaining to court judgments in the bond prospectuses. However, within the subsample of firms that disclose their lawsuits, I find that firms with a higher level of disclosure regarding their pending lawsuits are rewarded with lower yields. This evidence suggests that bond investors interpret the decision to disclose pending lawsuits as a sign that the potential losses due to these lawsuits are material and reasonably possible and thus demand more stringent bond terms. However, bond investors associate a higher level of disclosure with a lower likelihood of withholding bad news and thus accept lower yields. This paper was accepted by Mary Barth, accounting.
Regional Variations in Manumission of Slaves in New Jersey, 1790-1860
Authors: Weston and Eric Rhodes Guy 
Published: July 2018

This poster on Regional Variations in Manumission of Slaves in New Jersey, 1790-1860 by Guy Weston and Eric Rhodes won in the Graduate and Professional Category at the 2018 New Jersey History and Historic Preservation Conference. The conference was held June 7-8 at Passaic County Community College in Paterson, NJ.
Compact 4-Port UWB-MIMO Slot Antenna with Dual Polarization and Low Correlation for Spatial Diversity Application
Authors: Mathur Rohit , Dwari Santanu 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
A compact 4-port ultra-wide band (UWB) multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) slot antenna with dual polarization is presented. The key features of antenna are: has directive radiation in two planes and low correlation without use of additional decoupling structure. The antenna contains four microstrip feedlines having circular patches backed by stepped circular slots. Orthogonal arrangement of each slot antenna increases compactness with polarization diversity and good isolation. The antenna has compact size of 36×36×0.8 mm3. It operates in the frequency band of 3.1 to 11.9 GHz and isolation is better than 15 dB. The superior diversity performance is ensured by calculating envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) and diversity gain. In addition to guarantee distortion less transmission in UWB group delay is also measured.
Why use or?
Authors: Ariel Mira , Mauri Caterina 
Published: July 2018

AbstractOrconstructions introduce a set of alternatives into the discourse. But alternativity does not exhaust speakers’ intended messages. Speakers use the profiledoralternatives as a starting point for expressing a variety of readings. Ever since (Grice, H. Paul. 1989.Studies in the way of words. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press) and (Horn. 1972.On the semantic properties of the logical operators in English. Los Angeles, CA: University of California Los Angeles dissertation), the standard approach has assumed thatorhas an inclusive lexical meaning and a predominantly exclusive use, thus focusing on two readings. While another, “free choice”, reading has been added to the repertoire, accounting for the exclusive reading remains a goal allortheorists must meet. We here propose that both “inclusive” and “exclusive” interpretations, as currently defined, do not capture speakers’intended readings, which we equate with the relevance-theoretic explicature. Adopting a usage-based approach to language, we examined all theoroccurrences in the Santa Barbara Corpus of spoken American English (1053 tokens), and found that speakers useorutterances for a far richer variety of readings than has been recognized. In line with Cognitive Linguistics, we propose that speakers’ communicated intentions are better analyzed in terms of subjective construals, rather than the objective conditions obtaining when theorproposition is true. We argue that in two of these readings speakers are not necessarily committed to even one of the alternatives being the case. In the most frequent reading, the overt disjuncts only serve as pointers to a higher-level concept, and it is that concept that the speaker intends to refer to.
Oscillation Criteria of Singular Initial-Value Problem for Second Order Nonlinear Dynamic Equation on Time Scales
Authors: Negi Shekhar Singh , Abbas Syed , Malik Muslim 
Published: July 2018

AbstractBy using of generalized Opial’s type inequality on time scales, a new oscillation criterion is given for a singular initial-value problem of second-order dynamic equation on time scales. Some oscillatory results of its generalizations are also presented. Example with various time scales is given to illustrate the analytical findings.
Crystal structure of 9,10-dimethoxy-5,6-dihydro-[1,3]dioxolo[4,5-g]isoquinolino[3,2-a]isoquinolin-7-ium 5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxo-4H-chromen-7-olate trihydrate, C35H33NO12
Authors: Yanjie Zhang , Benyong Lou , Yali Huang , Xiaodong Huang , Huazhong Wu 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
C35H33NO12, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 7.595(4) Å, b = 19.478(9) Å, c = 20.910(11) Å, β = 99.124(10)°, V = 3054(3) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0689, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1793, T = 100(2) K.
Crystal structure of (3aR,4R,5R,7R,8S,9R,9aS,12R)-7-ethyl-5-(1-hydroxy-2-((R)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)ethoxy)-4,7,9,12-tetramethyldecahydro-4,9a-propanocyclopenta[8]annulene-3,8-diol – a pleuromutilin derivative, C26H41NO5
Authors: Liang Yan , Fu Yun-Xing , Liang Jian-Ping 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
C26H41NO5, orthorhombic, P212121 (no. 19), a = 9.6178(8) Å, b = 13.3335(11) Å, c = 19.0758(16) Å, V = 2446.3(4) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0389, wRref
(F2
) = 0.0888, T = 296(2) K.
Value Orientations and Systemic Changes in Montenegro, 1989-2015
Authors: Lazić Mladen 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
The author analyses changes in value orientations in Montenegro between 1989 and 2015, examining on the basis of survey data the changes in the values that regulated the economic and political subsystems. He looks first at the period immediately preceding the breakdown of state socialism, in order to identify the spread of values relevant to the regulation of an economic subsystem which may be labelled ‘redistributive statism’, and ‘authoritarian collectivism’ within the political subsystem. He then shows how far Montenegrin society was penetrated by values pertinent to the competitive capitalist order, as well as to economic and political liberalism. He examines the changes in the modes of social reproduction and demonstrates how liberal values in fact replaced the previously dominant redistributive and authoritarian-collectivist ones. Not least, the author establishes that value changes occurred on many levels rather than simply following a linear trajectory from one system to the other.
A Depersonalised Object of Hope in a Funeral Sermon
Authors: Masarik Albín 
Published: July 2018

In this article, the author calls attention to a danger of proclaiming a depersonalised object of hope in a Christian funeral sermon, which he does not consider to be a legitimate Christian practice. The author reached this conclusion based on his analysis of one particular sermon from his research sample of 3x50 funeral sermons from three different church traditions (Lutheran church, evangelical churches, and Roman Catholic church). In the aforementioned funeral sermon, the object of hope was found to be articulated in a depersonalised form – the hope is not the eternity with the Lord, but simply: heaven. Christ is, in this particular sermon, merely a means by which the hearers may obtain their desired goal. Even though this funeral sermon was formulated using Christian terminology and was delivered by a Christian preacher, the author of this article does not regard its fundamental approach as Christian.
Argumentação em “Óbito do autor”: primeira parte do livro Memórias Póstumas de Brás Cubas
Authors: Guimarães Fernanda Taís Brignol , Gomes Neiva Tebaldi 
Published: July 2018

Analisam-se, neste artigo,<strong> </strong>enunciados da primeira parte do livro <em>Memórias Póstumas de Brás Cubas: Óbito do Autor</em>, a fim de refletir sobre os sentidos que emergem das memórias do locutor. Para tanto, tomamos como base orientações da Teoria da Argumentação na língua, de Oswald Ducrot e Marion Carel, mais precisamente, valemo-nos do conceito de encadeamentos: normativos, em PORTANTO, e transgressivos, em NO ENTANTO. A análise revela que os sentidos produzidos no texto são acionados por meio dos termos “vida” e “morte”, cuja argumentação interna contribui para a construção dos argumentos do locutor, que, na maioria das vezes, apontam para a transgressão, frustrando a expectativa do leitor.
Diagnostics, pathogenesis and treatment of damage to the dura mater in spinal injury
Authors: Martikyan A. G. , Grin A. A. 
Published: July 2018

The study objectiveis to discuss the issues concerning to pathogenesis, diagnostics and treatment of dura mater tear in spinal injuries. The issues regarding to the risk factors for dura mater tears and complications of surgical treatment in spinal injuries were considered.Results.It is established that the frequency of dural tears in spinal trauma varies from 7.7 to 65.0 %. The most informative and safe method of diagnosis is magnetic resonance myelography, but its specificity does not reach 100 %. To prevent the development of early and late complications in the postoperative period is mainly used dura mater sealing, preferably expanding plastic.Conclusion.The absence of the “gold standard” of dura mater defect closure in spinal trauma is associated with a variety of forms of dura mater damages and the difficulties of its plasticity and sealing.
POR MEMÓRIAS DO FUTURO: AS POTENCIALIDADES DO PATRIMÔNIO PARA DESENVOLVIMENTO LOCAL NA COMUNIDADE QUILOMBOLA DO BUIEIÉ
Authors: Santiago Silva Ciro Amanda Cristina 
Published: July 2018

O presente trabalho pretende fazer uma discussão sobre Patrimônio Imaterial nas comunidades quilombolas, tomando como objeto de estudo a comunidade quilombola do Buieié em Viçosa MG.Trazendo reflexões recentes no campo do patrimônio visto a aflorada busca por ‘memórias e patrimônios em desaparecimento’ e algumas relações que envolvem políticas públicas patrimoniais, instituições e comunidades.A discussão perpassará no campo da memória e História suas relações com o patrimônio e cidadania. Como também apresenta uma ação metodológica no campo da Educação Patrimonial, que visa um trabalho endógeno á comunidade detentora, partindo de suas necessidades para uma apropriação cultural e da prerrogativa que a gestão do patrimônio cultural deve ser feita o mais próximo possível de seus detentores e criadores.
Historical retrospect and future prospect of research on effective teaching in China ——Knowledge mapping analysis based on the research over the past three decades（1986-2016）
Authors: Chen Xiaoduan , Sun Yuan , He Tongzhou 
Published: July 2018

<p><strong> </strong>This paper takes China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) as its literature data sources, and uses Bicomb and SPSS software to draw knowledge mapping for the hot spots of 290 papers about effective teaching in China from 1986 to 2016, so as to visually show the hot issues and development trend of effective teaching over the past three decades in China. The research shows that hot issues in effective teaching research over the past 30 years mainly fall into the following three categories: First, effective teaching studies on classroom teaching activities (from the perspective of teachers); Second, effective teaching studies under the background of new curriculum reform (perspective of curriculum reform); Third, effective teaching studies on students' self-learning (from the perspective of students). Effective teaching research inChina in the future should grasp the following trends: Firstly, expansion of concept from static definition to dynamic understanding. Secondly, change of research perspective from focusing on teachers' teaching behavior to students' learning process and learning situation. Thirdly, deepening of research content from macro expound based on new curriculum reform to medium and micro research that combines core competence development of the students, the discipline core quality formation, and the implementation of specific curriculum standards. Fourthly, concordance of research methods from theoretical speculation and qualitative analysis to comprehensive study blending multiple research methods.</p><p> </p>
BANK INTERNAL FACTORS AND PROFIT DISTRIBUTION MANAGEMENT OF SYARIAH BANKS IN INDONESIA
Authors: Mismiwati Mismiwati 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Operation Efficiency (BOPO), Financing to Deposit Ratio (FDR), Proportion of Depositor’s Funding (PDPK), Purchase Financing (PJB), Profit Sharing Financing (PBH) and Return On Assets (ROA) to Profit Distribution Management (PDM) in Islamic banks in Indonesia. The sample determined by using purposive sampling based on Indonesia Syariah Bank for period of 2009-2013. The population in this research is 11 Syariah Banks, which 5 Syariah Banks are chosen based on purposive sampling. For analysis the data, multiple regression analysis with IBM SPSS. The result of the research shown that internal bank factors (BOPO and PBH) give positive effect to PDM, the internal bank factors (FDR and PDPK) give negative effect to PDM, while internal bank factors (CAR and PJB) do not affect to PDM. ROA gives positive effect on PDM. Keywords : CAR, BOPO, FDR, PDPK, PJB, PBH, ROA, PDM.
Okula Uyum Ölçeği’nin Türk Kültürüne Uyarlanması
Authors: Durnalı Mehmet , Filiz Bijen , Aydın Elif 
Published: July 2018

Bu çalışmada öğrencilerin okula uyumları ve destekleyici okul ilişkileri hakkındaki algılarını değerlendirebilmek amacıyla Springer, McQueen, Quintanilla, Arrivillaga &amp; Ross (2009) tarafından geliştirilen ölçeğin uyarlaması yapılmıştır. Ölçek, açımlayıcı faktör analizi (AFA) için 311 ve doğrulayıcı faktör analizi (DFA) için farklı 220 öğrenciye uygulanarak faktör yapısı sınanmıştır. DFA sonucunda bazı maddelerin .05 düzeyinde anlamlı olmadığı tespit edilmiş ve AFA yapılmasına karar verilmiştir. AFA öncesi toplam madde korelasyonuna bakılarak 8 ve 9. maddeler ölçekten çıkarılmıştır. Kalan maddelerle yapılan AFA sonucunda tek alt boyutlu bir yapı elde edilmiştir. Farklı veri grubuyla DFA yapılarak bu faktör yapısının kabul edilebilir düzeyde olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ölçeğin tek alt boyutlu yapısına “öğrenci bağlılığı” ismi verilmiştir. Güvenirlik çalışması kapsamında iç tutarlık katsayısı.80 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Test–tekrar test güvenirlik çalışması için hesaplanan Pearson Momentler Çarpımı Korelasyon katsayısının anlamlı olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ölçek, Türk Kültüründe kullanılabilecek geçerli ve güvenilir bir araçtır.
Avaliação e Gerenciamento de Riscos dos Campos Eletromagnéticos em Plataforma de Petróleo
Authors: Garcia Diego Fernando , Gomes Filho Hélio Ribeiro , Cruz Moreira Marcos Antônio , Miranda Pinto Augusto Eduardo 
Published: July 2018

Os equipamentos de telecomunicações operam na faixa de radiofrequência do espectro eletromagnético, portanto são considerados emissores de radiações não ionizantes (RNI). A exposição a campos eletromagnéticos pode causar impactos à saúde e ao meio ambiente. A pesquisa de campo revelou que na plataforma de petróleo avaliada as exposições a RNI encontram-se abaixo dos limites estabelecidos pela legislação. No entanto, os estudos que estabelecem tais limites não são conclusivos o suficiente para garantir ausência de malefícios tanto para o homem, quanto para o meio ambiente considerando os atuais valores de referência.
ROLE OF PYRIDOXINE HYDROCHLORIDE IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF TOLERANCE TO THE TOXIC ACTION OF ISONIAZID IN ANIMALS
Authors: Usov K. I. , Guskova T. A. , Yushkov G. G. 
Published: July 2018

The objective of the study:to assess the impact of continuous and course (intermittent) use of pyridoxine hydrochloride in combination with isoniazid on the rate of tolerance development in rats under conditions of a toxicological experiment.Subjects and methods. Isoniazid (tablets, 0.3 g.) and the substance of pyridoxine hydrochloride (powder, 50.0 g.) were used for the experiment. Male white rats were used as experimental biological models.Main results. The article presents data on experimental study of toxicologic tolerance of rats to the anti-tuberculosis drug of isoniazid with its administration simultaneously with pyridoxine hydrochloride. The obtained data provided the evidence about the impact of pyridoxine hydrochloride on the rate of how fast the host developed the tolerance to the toxic action of isoniazid. It has been proved that intermittent (by short courses) use of pyridoxine hydrochloride with isoniazid versus its continuous use resulted in a slower development of toxicological tolerance to isoniazid in rats.
Cocaine‐induced cardiomyopathy in a paediatric patient
Authors: Heaney Aine , Rooney Gráinne , Lowe Dermot 
Published: July 2018

SummaryA 23‐month‐old healthy female presented for irrigation of obstructed nasolacrimal ducts under general anaesthesia. Induction of anaesthesia was uneventful and a supraglottic airway device was inserted. During the surgical procedure, gauze pledgets soaked in a solution containing 4% cocaine and 1:1000 adrenaline were inserted into both nostrils. The nasolacrimal ducts were irrigated with the same solution. The procedure lasted approximately twenty minutes and the pledgets were removed at the end. No adverse intraoperative events were noted. In the recovery room, the patient became agitated and developed signs of respiratory distress. Bilateral infiltrates consistent with pulmonary oedema were evident on the chest radiograph and a bedside echocardiogram demonstrated significantly impaired left ventricular function. Lateral T‐wave inversion was seen on the electrocardiogram and cardiac troponin levels were elevated. Following the exclusion of other causes of myocardial dysfunction, ischaemic cardiomyopathy due to cocaine‐induced vasospasm was considered to be the most likely diagnosis. This case highlights the hazards associated with the systemic absorption of cocaine, particularly when used in combination with adrenaline. Safe dosing regimens were not adhered to in this case and the dose of cocaine in the irrigation solution was not calculated. We suggest that cocaine should only be used in clinical practice when no safer alternative is available.
Orthodox culture as a factor in development of person and society
Authors: Morozov Viktor Vasilevich 
Published: July 2018

This article analyzes the influence of Orthodoxy on the development of civilization, culture and identity of a citizen of Russia. Civilization and personality – are two identical systems, which are based on the identical paradigm. Cultural and civilizational identity of the Russian people resisted and continues to produce Civilization «material». Orthodox education is a major source of Russian human spirituality, which is the key to social and national security of Russia.
Stylization of colloquail style in the works of fiction literature of China
Authors: Butakov Pavel Aleksandrovich 
Published: July 2018

The phenomenon of censorship is often associated with Chinese literature. Indeed, all works that are planned for publishing, are subjected to control. This article is devoted to the study of the extent to which censorship affects the linguistic side of the issue and, in particular, the possibility of using peculiar elements of colloquial style. Furthermore, the article also considers the events of the XX century, which became the reason for a greater extent of stylization of the mentioned functional style elements in Chinese literature.
Cancer Biomarker Discovery for Precision Medicine: New Progress
Authors: Zou Jinfeng , Wang Edwin 
Published: July 2018

Background:
Precision medicine puts forward customized healthcare for cancer
patients. An important way to accomplish this task is to stratify patients into those who may
respond to a treatment and those who may not. For this purpose, diagnostic and prognostic
biomarkers have been pursued.

Objective:
This review focuses on novel approaches and concepts of exploring biomarker discovery
under the circumstances that technologies are developed, and data are accumulated for
precision medicine.

Results:
The traditional mechanism-driven functional biomarkers have the advantage of actionable
insights, while data-driven computational biomarkers can fulfill more needs, especially
with tremendous data on the molecules of different layers (e.g. genetic mutation,
mRNA, protein etc.) which are accumulated based on a plenty of technologies. Besides, the
technology-driven liquid biopsy biomarker is very promising to improve patients’ survival.
The developments of biomarker discovery on these aspects are promoting the understanding
of cancer, helping the stratification of patients and improving patients’ survival.

Conclusion:
Current developments on mechanisms-, data- and technology-driven biomarker
discovery are achieving the aim of precision medicine and promoting the clinical application
of biomarkers. Meanwhile, the complexity of cancer requires more effective biomarkers,
which could be accomplished by a comprehensive integration of multiple types of biomarkers
together with a deep understanding of cancer.
A FO-PID Controlled Automatic Generation Control of Multi Area Power Systems Tuned by Harmony Search
Authors: Behera Aurobindo , Panigrahi Tapas K. , Sahoo Arun K. 
Published: July 2018

Background:
Power system stability demands minimum variation in frequency, so that loadgeneration
balance is maintained throughout the operation period. An Automatic Generation Control
(AGC) monitors the frequency and varies the generation to maintain the balance. A system with
multiple energy sources and use of a fractional controller for efficient control of stability is presented in
the paper. At the outset a 2-area thermal system with governor dead band, generation rate constraint and
boiler dynamics have been applied.

Methods:
A variation of load is deliberated for the study of the considered system with Harmony Search
(HS) algorithm, applied for providing optimization of controller parameters. Integral Square Time
Square Error (ISTSE) is chosen as objective function for handling the process of tuning controller
parameters.

:
A study of similar system with various lately available techniques such as TLBO, hFA-PS and BFOA
applied to PID, IDD and PIDD being compared to HS tuned fractional controller is presented under step
and dynamic load change. The effort extended to a single area system with reheat thermal plant, hydel
plant and a unit of wind plant is tested with the fractional controller scheme.

Results:
The simulation results provide a clear idea of the superiority of the combination of HS
algorithm and FO-PID controller, under dynamically changing load. The variation of load is taken from
1% to 5% of the connected load.

Conclusion:
Finally, system robustness is shown by modifying essential factors by ± 30%.