bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Centralized cloud information accountability integrity with Firefly Key Generation Algorithm (CCIAI‐FKGA) for cloud environment
Authors: Punitha A. Amali Angel , Indumathi G. 
Published: March 2019

SummaryCloud Computing (CC) is fundamentally a current and quick evolving domain of improvement in applications. In this research work, with the objective of dealing with security issue, a new and hugely Centralized Cloud Information Accountability Integrity with Firefly Key Generation Algorithm (CCIAI ‐FKGA) framework is introduced for keeping track of the real utilization of the healthcare data of the users in the CC. Particularly, the programmable capability of Java Archives (JAR) files is leveraged so as to include the logging methodology in conjunction with healthcare data of the users along with the policies. Third, every customer produces a pair of public as well as private keys dependent upon CP‐ABE with key generation making use of FKGA and trapdoor generator. Fourth, by trapdoor generator, data integrity in user level as well as cloud server level is carried out. Developing a working principle of the CCIAI‐FKGA framework as well as assess its performance dependent upon the time taken for the period of numerous operations strictly confirm the functioning of CCIAI‐FKGA framework with the help of cloud simulator. The outcomes confirmed that CCIAI‐FKGA framework contains the prospective to be effective in protected data sharing in the CC environment.
Methods for the Analysis and Interpretation for Rare Variants Associated with Complex Traits
Authors: Weissenkampen J. Dylan , Jiang Yu , Eckert Scott , Jiang Bibo , Li Bingshan , Liu Dajiang J. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractWith the advent of Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) technologies, whole genome and whole exome DNA sequencing has become affordable for routine genetic studies. Coupled with improved genotyping arrays and genotype imputation methodologies, it is increasingly feasible to obtain rare genetic variant information in large datasets. Such datasets allow researchers to gain a more complete understanding of the genetic architecture of complex traits caused by rare variants. State‐of‐the‐art statistical methods for the statistical genetics analysis of sequence‐based association, including efficient algorithms for association analysis in biobank‐scale datasets, gene‐association tests, meta‐analysis, fine mapping methods that integrate functional genomic dataset, and phenome‐wide association studies (PheWAS), are reviewed here. These methods are expected to be highly useful for next generation statistical genetics analysis in the era of precision medicine. © 2019 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Translational Use of a Standardized Full Human Skin Organ Culture Model in Autoimmune Blistering Diseases
Authors: Burmester Imke A. K. , Emtenani Shirin , Johns Jan‐Gerrit , Ludwig Ralf J. , Hammers Christoph M. , Hundt Jennifer E. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe full human skin organ culture (HSOC) model is a standardized test system for evaluating pharmacological substances on human skin in vitro. The acantholysis associated with pemphigus vulgaris (PV), a severe and potentially life‐threatening autoimmune skin blistering disease, can be induced in HSOC by injecting a bi‐specific anti‐desmoglein (dsg) 1 and 3 single‐chain antibody variable fragment (scFv). Compared to cell culture experiments (e.g., induction of dsg3‐internalization or keratinocyte dissociation using HaCaT cells or normal human epidermal keratinocytes) the HSOC model is more sophisticated and physiologically relevant. In this model, all three layers of the human skin are present, all cells are sustained in their physiological niche and orientation, and the cell‐cell‐contacts remain intact. Here we describe a protocol for HSOC, an ex vivo model of human skin, that has proved to be well‐established and informative in our laboratory. © 2019 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Profitability of alternative methods of combining the signals from technical trading systems
Authors: Banga Jasdeep S. , Brorsen B. Wade 
Published: March 2019

SummaryPast efforts determining the profitability of technical analysis reached varied conclusions. We test the profitability of a composite prediction that uses buy and sell signals from technical indicators as inputs. Both machine learning methods, like neural networks, and statistical methods, like logistic regression, are used to get predictions. Inputs are signals from trend‐following and mean‐reversal technical indicators in addition to the variance of prices. Four representative commodities from agricultural, livestock, financial, and foreign exchange futures markets are selected to determine profitability. Special care is taken to avoid data snooping error. Both neural networks and statistical methods did not show consistent profitability.
From the “missing self” hypothesis to adaptive NK cells: Insights of NK cell-mediated effector functions in immune surveillance
Authors: Cruz-Muñoz Mario Ernesto , Valenzuela-Vázquez Lucero , Sánchez-Herrera Jacqueline , Santa-Olalla Tapia Jesus 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
The original discovery of NK cells approximately 40 yr ago was based on their unique capability to kill tumor cells without prior sensitization or priming, a process named natural cytotoxicity. Since then, several studies have documented that NK cells can kill hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic cancer cells. NK cells also recognize and kill cells that have undergone viral infections. Besides natural cytotoxicity, NK cells are also major effectors of antibody-dependent cell cytotoxicity (ADCC). Therefore, NK cells are well “armed” to recognize and mount immune responses against “insults” that result from cell transformation and viral infections. Because of these attributes, an essential role of NK cells in tumor surveillance was noted. Indeed, several studies have shown a correlation between impaired NK cell cytotoxicity and a higher risk of developing cancer. This evidence led to the idea that cancer initiation and progress is intimately related to an abnormal or misdirected immune response. Whereas all these ideas remain current, it is also true that NK cells represent a heterogeneous population with different abilities to secrete cytokines and to mediate cytotoxic functions. In addition, recent data has shown that NK cells are prone to suffer epigenetic modifications resulting in the acquisition of previously unrecognized attributes such as memory and long-term survival. Such NK cells, referred as “adaptive” or “memory-like,” also display effector functions that are not necessarily equal to those observed in conventional NK cells. Given the new evidence available, it is essential to discuss the conceptual reasoning and misconceptions regarding the role of NK cells in immune surveillance and immunotherapy.
Tonsil size and outcome of uvulopalatopharyngoplasty with tonsillectomy in obstructive sleep apnea
Authors: Tschopp Samuel , Tschopp Kurt 
Published: March 2019

Objectives/HypothesisTo investigate the relationship of tonsil volume and grade on outcomes of uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP) with tonsillectomy in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).Study DesignRetrospective cohort analysis.MethodsData of 70 consecutive patients undergoing UPPP with tonsillectomy between 2015 and 2018 were analyzed. Patients with an apnea‐hypopnea index (AHI) <10/hr or concomitant surgery other than nasal surgery were excluded. Tonsil volume was measured intraoperatively. Preoperatively and 3 months after surgery we assessed the AHI using respiratory polygraphy, daytime sleepiness using the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), and a visual analog scale for the snoring index (SI).ResultsTonsil grade and volume both showed a significant correlation with preoperative AHI. Postoperative AHI was not significantly different between grades and volume. The AHI reduction after surgery increased significantly with larger volume and higher tonsil grade. For all grades, the postoperative ESS was significantly reduced compared to the preoperative value, but was not significantly correlated with tonsil volume. Preoperative and postoperative SI was not significantly correlated between tonsil grade or volume. In all grades, SI was significantly reduced after surgery.ConclusionsIn our study, we found that large tonsils are responsible for higher preoperative AHI values, and their removal leads to greater reduction of initial AHI. However, the postoperative effect on daytime sleepiness and snoring reduction is not significantly correlated with tonsil size and volume, indicating that these parameters are mainly influenced by other factors. The knowledge of the significance of tonsil size and volume is important for ear, nose, and throat physicians when counseling OSA patients.Level of Evidence2c Laryngoscope, 129:E449–E454, 2019
Improving biocompatibility of cobalt based alloy using chemical etching and mechanical treatment
Authors: Mas Ayu H. , Daud R. , Kurniawan T. , Alias J. , Izman S. , Shah A. , Anwar M. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBiomedical grade of cobalt based alloy have found a plethora of applications as medical devices especially in dental and articulation joints like in total ankle, knee and hip arthroplasty. However, the long‐term performance of this material is highly dependent on their ability to withstand in harsh aqueous environment effects such as corrosion and wear once they are used inside a human body. Loss of surface integrity and subsequent leaching of toxic metal ions as well as particles to the surrounding tissues may undermine biocompatibility of metallic implants, also potentially causing untimely loss of mechanical function and device failure. In this study, a biomedical grade of Co−Cr−Mo alloy surface was treated with various surface modification techniques such as chemical etching and mechanical roughening in order to improve its biocompatibility. Investigation was done to study which surface modification techniques possesses the positive effect in cell growth and exhibit excellent cell response on Co−Cr−Mo alloy. In‐vitro study showed that human osteoblast cells grown with good adherence and spread out with an intimate contact on the chemical treated surface after 14 days of incubation. It is believed that porous structure with grooves owned by chemical treated surface helps in anchoring the cells to the substrate surface and facilitates cells growth since more protein molecules expected to have more sites on this surface. Whilst on mechanical roughened surface, the cells appeared to show slightly less extended cell membranes and the cells remained retarded.
Inhibition of N‐myristoyltransferase1 affects dengue virus replication
Authors: Suwanmanee San , Mahakhunkijcharoen Yuvadee , Ampawong Sumate , Leaungwutiwong Pornsawan , Missé Dorothée , Luplertlop Natthanej 
Published: March 2019

AbstractDengue virus (DENV) causes dengue fever, a self‐limiting disease that could be fatal due to serious complications. No specific treatment is currently available and the preventative vaccine is only partially protective. To develop a potential drug target for dengue fever, we need to understand its biology and pathogenesis thoroughly. N‐myristoyltransferase (NMT) is an N‐terminal protein lipidation enzyme that catalyzes the covalent cotranslational attachment of fatty acids to the amino‐terminal glycine residue of a number of proteins, leading to the modulation of various signaling molecules. In this study, we investigated the interaction of dengue viral proteins with host NMT and its subsequent effect on DENV. Our bioinformatics, molecular docking, and far‐western blotting analyses demonstrated the interaction of viral envelope protein (E) with NMT. The gene expression of NMT was strongly elevated in a dependent manner during the viral replication phase in dendritic cells. Moreover, NMT gene silencing significantly inhibited DENV replication in dendritic cells. Further studies investigating the target cell types of other host factors are suggested.
A coplanar waveguide fed tilted fractal inspired slot antenna for wideband circular polarization
Authors: Saraswat Kapil , Harish Ayyangar R. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractIn this article, a coplanar waveguide (CPW) fed 45° tilted fractal inspired slot antenna to achieve wideband circular polarization is presented. A fractal‐square slot is etched from the ground plane and rotated by 45°. The fractal slot is excited by the CPW fed monopole antenna. To achieve wideband circular polarization, asymmetric arm length of the fractal slot is used. The proposed antenna is fabricated and tested. The measured impedance bandwidth (|S11| < −10 dB) is 22.5% (3.6‐4.57 GHz) for Band‐1 and 63.5% (5.1‐10.1 GHz) for Band‐2, and measured 3 dB axial ratio bandwidth is 34.7% (6.37‐9.05 GHz). Experimental results show that the proposed antenna generates right‐hand circular polarization in the +Z direction. Left‐hand circular polarization can be achieved by tilting the fractal slot by −45°.
Protective Behavioral Strategies Scale‐20: Psychometric properties of a French and German version among young males in Switzerland
Authors: Grazioli Véronique S. , Studer Joseph , Larimer Mary E. , Lewis Melissa A. , Marmet Simon , Lemoine Mélissa , Daeppen Jean‐Bernard , Gmel Gerhard 
Published: March 2019

AbstractObjectiveThe Protective Behavioral Strategies Scale (PBSS‐20) is one of the most commonly used measures of engagement in protective behavioral strategies (PBS). This research aimed to examine the psychometric properties of a French and German version of the PBSS‐20 in a large sample of young males in Switzerland.MethodThe sample included 5,017 young males (mean age = 25.44) participating in the Cohort Study on Substance Use Risk Factors in Switzerland. Measures of PBS use, total drinks per week, and alcohol‐related consequences were used from a second follow‐up assessment.ResultsConfirmatory factor analysis testing different models previously documented in the literature provided initial support for a four‐factor model. Fit statistics indicated that this model adequately reflects the structure of data. Further findings also provided support for adequate internal consistency and for convergent validity of this four‐factor model, whereas metric—but not scalar—measurement invariance across linguistic regions was demonstrated.ConclusionAlthough further research testing measurement invariance across linguistic regions and gender is warranted, results of the current study suggest that the French and German PBSS‐20 is reliable and that it may represent a promising research and clinical tool that can be used in both French‐ and German‐speaking countries.
Resolving estimation uncertainties of chemical shift encoded fat‐water imaging using magnetization transfer effect
Authors: Samsonov Alexey , Liu Fang , Velikina Julia V. 
Published: March 2019

PurposeB0 field inhomogeneity may cause significant errors in chemical shift encoding‐based fat‐water (F/W) separation. We describe a new approach to improve its robustness using novel B0 field map pre‐estimation.MethodsOur method exploits insensitivity of fat to magnetization transfer effect, which allows generating fat‐insensitive B0 field priors with full or partial spatial support using a low‐resolution magnetization transfer‐weighted scan. The full prior can be employed by most F/W separation methods for initialization or data demodulation. We also propose a modified region‐growing algorithm in which the partial prior is utilized for its initial seeding.ResultsThe magnetization transfer‐based B0 priors significantly reduced F/W errors of three representative F/W separation methods in all cases. In cases with moderate B0 inhomogeneity, the full prior allowed error‐free separation even with basic, voxel‐independent processing. When coupled with methods exploiting B0 field smoothness, it significantly improved separation accuracy even in the presence of strong inhomogeneities. Seeding the region‐growing with the partial prior significantly improved performance of F/W separation, including cases with spatially disconnected tissues.ConclusionMagnetization transfer‐based B0 field pre‐estimation provides valuable prior information for F/W separation, which may significantly improve its robustness at the expense of nominal (< 5%‐10%) scan time increase.
Three‐dimensional ultrashort echo time imaging with tricomponent analysis for human cortical bone
Authors: Lu Xing , Jerban Saeed , Wan Lidi , Ma Yajun , Jang Hyungseok , Le Nicole , Yang Wenhui , Chang Eric Y. , Du Jiang 
Published: March 2019

PurposeTo investigate tricomponent analysis of human cortical bone using a multipeak fat signal model with 3D ultrashort TE Cones sequences on a clinical 3T scanner.MethodsTricomponent fitting of bound water, pore water, and fat content using a multipeak fat spectra model was proposed for 3D ultrashort TE imaging of cortical bone. Three‐dimensional ultrashort TE Cones acquisitions combined with tricomponent analysis were used to investigate bound and pore water and fractions, as well as fat and fraction in cortical bone. Feasibility studies were performed on 9 human cortical bone specimens with regions of interest selected from the endosteum to the periosteum in 4 circumferential regions. Microcomputed tomography studies were performed to measure bone porosity and bone mineral density for comparison and validation of the bound and pore water analyses.ResultsThe oscillation of the signal decay was well‐fitted with the proposed tricomponent model. The sum of the pore water and fat fractions from tricomponent analysis showed a high correlation with microcomputed tomography porosity (R = 0.74, P < 0.01). Estimated bound‐water fraction also demonstrated a high correlation with bone mineral density (R = 0.70, P < 0.01).ConclusionTricomponent analysis significantly improves the estimation of bound‐water and pore‐water fractions in human cortical bone.
Ultrasound imaging of brachial plexus trauma in gunshot injury
Authors: Nwawka O. Kenechi , Casaletto Emily , Wolfe Scott W. , Feinberg Joseph H. 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACTIntroductionBrachial plexus trauma related to gunshot (GS) injury requires early examination and characterization to ensure appropriate treatment. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may be contraindicated when there are metal fragments in a patient's body. Ultrasound (US) may present an alternative to imaging GS‐related brachial plexus injury.MethodsThree patients with GS‐related brachial plexus injury who underwent US imaging evaluation at our institution were identified. A retrospective review of the patients’ medical records was performed.ResultsUS characterization of nerve abnormalities after GS injury to the brachial plexus was in agreement with electrodiagnostic and intraoperative findings.DiscussionInformation from the US reports was useful in preparation for brachial plexus reconstruction surgery. As such, US has unique utility when MRI cannot be performed. US imaging can provide useful characterization of the brachial plexus after GS injury when performed by an experienced operator. Muscle Nerve 59:707–711, 2019
Critical time step for DEM simulations of dynamic systems using a Hertzian contact model
Authors: Burns Shane J. , Piiroinen Petri T. , Hanley Kevin J. 
Published: March 2019

SummaryThe discrete element method (DEM) typically uses an explicit numerical integration scheme to solve the equations of motion. However, like all explicit schemes, the scheme is only conditionally stable, with the stability determined by the size of the time step. Currently, there are no comprehensive techniques for estimating appropriate DEM time steps when a nonlinear contact interaction is used. It is common practice to apply a large factor of safety to these estimates to ensure stability, which unnecessarily increases the computational cost of these simulations. This work introduces an alternative framework for selecting a stable time step for nonlinear contact laws, specifically for the Hertz‐Mindlin contact law. This approach uses the fact that the discretised equations of motion take the form of a nonlinear map and can be analysed as such. Using this framework, we analyse the effects of both system damping and the initial relative velocity of collision on the critical time step for a Hertz‐Mindlin contact event between spherical particles.
Certainty equivalence principle in stochastic differential games: An inverse problem approach
Authors: Josa‐Fombellida Ricardo , Rincón‐Zapatero Juan Pablo 
Published: March 2019

SummaryThis paper aims to characterize a class of stochastic differential games, which satisfy the certainty equivalence principle beyond the cases with quadratic, linear, or logarithmic value functions. We focus on scalar games with linear dynamics in the players' strategies and with separable payoff functionals. Our results are based on the resolution of an inverse problem that determines strictly concave utility functions of the players so that the game satisfies the certainty equivalence principle. Besides establishing necessary and sufficient conditions, the results obtained in this paper are also a tool for discovering new closed‐form solutions, as we show in two specific applications: in a generalization of a dynamic advertising model and in a game of noncooperative exploitation of a productive asset.
Farnesoid X receptor ‐ a molecular predictor of weight loss after vertical sleeve gastrectomy?
Authors: Scott F. , Elahi S. , Adebibe M. , Parampalli U. , Mannur K. , Góralczyk A. , Sanger G. J. 
Published: March 2019

SummaryObjectiveTo determine the expression of the bile acid receptor, farnesoid X (FXR), in human gastric mucosa and investigate correlations between expression and body‐mass index (BMI) and in patients with obesity, with changes in weight and BMI following vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG).MethodsHuman gastric mucosa was obtained from normal/overweight individuals (macroscopically‐normal tissue following surgery for malignancy) or from patients with obesity (VSG). The expression of FXR and its isoforms (FXRα, FXRβ) were examined by quantitative PCR and compared with the G protein‐coupled bile acid receptor, GPBA. In patients with obesity, changes in BMI and weight loss were determined following VSG.ResultsFXRα was the predominant isoform in normal/overweight individuals. FXR expression was higher in patients with obesity but GPBA receptor expression was unchanged. For those with obesity (n = 19), no correlation was found between FXR expression and change in Body‐Mass Index (BMI)/month or weight loss/month, taken 3 ± 1 months after surgery, or in BMI or weight at surgery.ConclusionsObesity is associated with increased FXR expression in the gastric mucosa. The findings are preliminary but suggest that this increase in FXR expression is a consequence of obesity, rather than its cause.