bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mentoring Early-Career Investigators of HIV/STI Health Disparities Research: A Study Examining the CAPS Visiting Professors Program
Authors: Arreola Sonya , Padilla Mark , Arnold Emily A. , Danley Dale , Lightfoot Marguerita , Woods William J. , Neilands Torsten B. 
Published: November 2024

Background To build research capacity for early-career faculty conducting HIV/STI research with minoritized communities and to enhance diversity in the scientific workforce, the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) Center for AIDS Prevention (CAPS) conducts a training program for visiting professors (VPs), begun in 1996. VPs are in residence at CAPS for three summers, complete a pilot research project, and prepare National Institutes of Health (NIH) grant proposals. Best practices and key elements for successfully training scholars of color, and others who work with minoritized communities, are identified. Methods This paper draws on qualitative interviews with 31 VPs and 10 program mentors (VPMs) who participated in the program between 1996 and 2016. All VPs were also invited to participate in an anonymous survey to assess potential differences between study participants and non-participants. Interviews took place between September 2017 and March 2018 and were audio-recorded, transcribed, and thematically coded. Results VPs and VPMs described key elements relevant to both human and social capital that contributed to Program success. Paramount among these were the importance of establishing trusting mentorship relationships; sustained collegial engagement over time; and fostering a training environment based on multidisciplinarity, skills-building, scholarly networking, and peer reviews. Conclusions Participant voices from this objectively successful training program provide directions for future initiatives to support scholars of color and those working with minoritized groups. An indispensable value of such programs is to intentionally foster trusted scholarly communities to counterbalance systemic inequities in the academy.
Assessing scleral thickness in patients with POAG and myopia by using OCT
Authors: Jatoi Asadullah 
Published: November 2024

Background The aim of the study is to utilize swept-source OCT for imaging the rear sclera near the ONH, calculating the thickness of the SL and lamina, and examining how these measurements correspond to various metrics. Design Cross-sectional design with a prospective approach. Materials and methods The study included 96 glaucoma patients and 39 control subjects, all with axial lengths greater than 23 mm. Swept-source OCT was used to visualize the subfoveal and ONH regions. Thicknesses of SL and lamina were then calculated from the “B-scan” visuals collected. In order to confirm the consistency of the calculation, “intraclass correlation coefficients” were computed from specific “B-scans”. The study compared the thickness of the SL and lamina in subjects with NTG to those with POAG. A “Pearson correlation” was conducted to analyze the connections between the thickness of the SL and lamina with various ocular parameters. Results Swept-source OCT enabled the measurement of posterior SL thickness in 65.9% and laminar thickness in 89.8% of the subjects. The consistency of measurements taken by different observers and by the same observer varied from moderate to excellent. There was a notable variation among the NTG and POAG sets in terms of subfoveal SL thickness, with measurements of 680.84 ± 170.60 mm and 486.55 ± 125.21 mm, respectively. The connection among subfoveal SL thickness and axial-length was discovered to be negative in subjects with NTG, but this was not observed in subjects with POAG. The variation in connection among the 2 subject groups was statistically important (r [ L0.687, P < 0.002). Conclusions “Swept-source OCT” identified variations in posterior SL thickness between NTG and POAG eyes. The subfoveal scleral thickness showed a negative association with axial-length, particularly in eyes with normal-tension glaucoma.
Assessment of Cardiotoxicity Incidence in Patients Receiving HER-2-Targeted Therapies for Breast Cancer in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Shahbar Alaa , Alhifany Abdullah A , Alatawi Yasser M , Alnuhait Mohammed , Alshammari Abdullah , Alshamrani Majed , Kinsara Abdulhalim , AlQubbany Atif , Alharbi Mahasen , Alnatsheh Abdelmajid , Alfoheidi Meteb 
Published: November 2024

Background: HER2-targeting therapies may increase the risk of decreased left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), potentially leading to heart failure. The growing number of breast cancer survivors due to HER2-targeted treatments necessitates long-term cardiotoxicity management. Method: This retrospective study included HER2-positive breast cancer patients aged 18 or older who received at least 1 dose of HER2-targeting treatment between 2016 and 2020. The primary endpoint was the incidence of cardiotoxicity, defined as LVEF <50% with a 10% decline, LVEF drop by >15%, or onset of symptomatic heart failure. Secondary endpoints included the proportion of patients with baseline LVEF 50% to 55% developing cardiotoxicity, those discontinuing HER2 therapy due to heart failure, those treated with heart failure medications, and those continuing HER2 therapy while on heart failure medications. Another secondary outcome was the development of a hospital protocol for monitoring cardiotoxicity in these patients. Results: A total of 212 patients were included, with a median age of 56.5 years (interquartile range: 43-58 years). Twenty-two patients (10.37%) experienced cardiotoxicity from HER2-targeted treatment. Thirteen patients (6.13%) had asymptomatic heart failure with LVEF decrease of more than 10% to less than 50%. Five patients (2.35%) with LVEF less than 40% had asymptomatic heart failure, while 4 patients (1.88%) had symptomatic heart failure regardless of LVEF decline. HER2-targeted treatment was temporarily discontinued in 3 (13.63%) patients and permanently in 4 (18.18%) patients due to cardiotoxicity. The remaining 15 patients resumed treatment without interruption. Only 13 out of 22 patients were referred to cardiologists and prescribed heart failure medications. Conclusion: Close monitoring of LVEF in patients receiving HER2-targeting therapy can help health care providers initiate anti-heart failure medications to prevent LVEF deterioration and maintain HER2-targeting therapy.
Quality, Reliability, and Readability of Peripheral Nerve Intervention Websites for Patients
Authors: Kuo Keith T. , Park Kitae Eric , Suresh Rachana , Heron Matthew J. , Zhu Katherine J. , Lebbos Fares , Wilde Brandon M. , Sim Danielle , Zamore Zachary , Chekfa Abdul Jabar , Tuffaha Sami H. , Elhelali Ala 
Published: November 2024

Background: This study aims to evaluate the readability, quality, and reliability of online resources about peripheral nerve surgeries to determine if they meet recommended literacy standards. Methods: We analyzed a total of 137 peripheral nerve surgery website by performing a Google search using the search terms “nerve transfer,” “nerve repair,” “nerve graft,” “nerve decompression,” “neurolysis,” “targeted muscle reinnervation,” “regenerative peripheral nerve interface,” and “vascularized denervated muscle target.” The reading level of the website text was assessed using Simple Measures of Gobbledygook, Flesch-Kincaid, and Gunning Fog. Quality was evaluated using the DISCERN Instrument. Reliability was determined using the Journal of American Medical Association Benchmark Criteria. Results: All the websites exceeded the sixth-grade reading level, with median readability scores corresponding to a high school reading level or above. Conceptually harder peripheral nerve surgeries such as targeted muscle reinnervation and regenerative peripheral nerve interface websites were generally written at a significantly higher reading level than conceptually easier surgeries such as nerve repair and nerve graft. The median quality of the websites was rated as poor, and the median reliability of the websites was rated as low. Conclusions: The findings indicate that the current peripheral nerve surgery websites texts do not adhere to recommended reading levels and are constructed with poor quality and low reliability. This potentially hinders patients understanding and utilization of peripheral nerve surgeries, suggesting a need for standardized guidelines to enhance the accessibility of medical information online.
Hand and Wrist Dog-Leash Injuries in the Outpatient Setting: A Review of 443 Cases
Authors: Plusch Kyle , Givner Daniel , Wiafe Bright , Lutsky Kevin , Beredjiklian Pedro 
Published: November 2024

Background: Injuries sustained from dog leashes often result in visits to hand surgeons. This study presents an analysis of dog-leash-related upper-extremity injuries at a single orthopedic practice, including treatment options for these injuries, and guidance for prevention. Methods: We identified all outpatients who presented to a hand surgeon at a single institution from 2016 to 2021 following an upper-extremity injury related to a dog leash. Charts were reviewed and demographics, injury description and mechanism, and details of treatment were recorded. Results: We identified 443 patients that presented for a dog-leash-related injury. The average time from injury to outpatient visit was 23 days. Surgery occurred following injury in 96 patients (21.6%). The most common injury locations were the ring finger, followed by the wrist, third finger, and fifth finger. Interphalangeal joint sprain was the most common injury type followed by phalangeal fracture. The majority of injuries were caused by the extremity catching in the leash while being pulled (337, 75.9%). Among the 96 patients requiring surgery, open reduction and internal fixation was the most commonly performed procedure followed by closed reduction with percutaneous pinning. For patients not requiring surgery (348, 78.4%), splinting or bracing was the most common treatment recommended. Conclusion: The majority of dog-leash injuries were caused by the patient’s extremity catching in the leash as it was pulled, resulting in interphalangeal joint injures and phalanx fractures. The most common treatment required for these patients was nonoperative.
Evaluation of the accuracy and interobserver agreement of the reverse shoulder angle in the preoperative planning of reverse total shoulder arthroplasties
Authors: Motta Geraldo , Amaral Marcus Vinícius , Cohen Márcio , Schiefer Marcio , Fonseca Raphael Soares da , Carolina Oliveira Ana Carolina Leal 
Published: November 2024

Background Differences in implant positioning between anatomical and reverse shoulder arthroplasties have raised concerns about the adequacy of assessing the global glenoid inclination (GGI) using the method described by Maurer to define the position of the metallic base in reverse shoulder arthroplasty. The reverse shoulder angle (RSA) has been proposed to measure the inclination of the lower half of the glenoid. This study aims to evaluate the interobserver agreement of manual measurements of the RSA using two-dimensional (2D) computed tomography (CT) images and its relationship with the automated measurement of the GGI. Methods This cross-sectional study evaluated 2D CT images of 38 CT scans of patients with degenerative shoulder diseases. Manual measurements of the RSA were conducted by five independent shoulder surgeons. GGI measured by automated software was determined. Results The interclass correlation coefficient was 0.72 for RSA. Mean RSA was 25.7° ± 7.1°, significantly higher than automated GGI measurements (11.2 ± 9.0; p < .0001). On average, RSA was 14.6 ± 6.3 greater than GGI, irrespective, diagnosis, Favard's glenoid subtype, and version angle. Conclusion Our study demonstrated that the RSA angle can be reproducibly used to assess glenoid inclination on 2D CT images presenting high interobserver agreement. RSA differs significantly from the GGI, indicating that measuring glenoid inclination for reverse or anatomical arthroplasty requires distinct methodologies that account for the inherent differences in these angles.
Switching from rituximab originator to GP2013 or CT-P10 biosimilars in autoimmune rheumatic diseases: drug retention rate and safety data from a multicentric retrospective cohort
Authors: Gentileschi Stefano , Bruni Cosimo , Gaggiano Carla , D’Alessandro Roberto , Pacini Giovanni , Sota Jurgen , Guiducci Serena , Cerinic Marco Matucci , Frediani Bruno 
Published: November 2024

Background: Real-world evidence supporting a safe and effective transition from rituximab originator (RTX-O) to its biosimilars (RTX-B) in autoimmune rheumatic diseases (ARDs) is still limited. Objectives: The primary aims of this study were to evaluate the long-term persistence of RTX-B after the non-medical switch (NMS) from RTX-O in ARD patients, and to explore the RTX-B safety profile. The secondary aims were to evaluate the impact of different factors on RTX-B drug retention rate (DRR) and to identify any factors associated with RTX-B discontinuation. Design: Retrospective observational study. Methods: We included consecutive ARD patients undergoing NMS from RTX-O to GP2013 or CT-P10 from January 2018 to December 2020. RTX-B DRR was estimated by Kaplan–Meier plot analysis and compared according to different factors by the Log-rank test; the Cox proportional hazard model was used to detect factors associated with RTX-B discontinuation in the first 36 months. Results: We enrolled 181 patients switching to RTX-B: GP2013 in 143 (79.0%) cases and CT-P10 in 38 (21.0%). The estimated DRR for RTX-B was 81.5% at 12 months, 80.6% at 24 months, and 77.4% at 36 months. The incidence of adverse events with RTX-B was 12.6/100 patients/year. In the Log-rank test, no statistically significant differences were observed in the RTX-B DRR according to sex ( p = 0.171), ARD diagnosis ( p = 0.281), and concomitant immunosuppressive therapy ( p = 0.054); on the contrary, patients on GP2013 showed a higher DRR than those on CT-P10 ( p < 0.001). In the Cox proportional hazard analysis, the switch to CT-P10 was associated with a higher probability of stopping treatment (hazard ratio, 1.83 (confidence interval, 1.10–3.04), p = 0.02). Conclusion: NMS to RTX-B is associated with a high chance of retaining the drug for up to 36 months, irrespective of the diagnosis. GP2013 showed a higher retention rate than CT-P10.
External validation and performance analysis of a deep learning-based model for the detection of intracranial hemorrhage
Authors: Nada Ayman , Sayed Alaa A. , Hamouda Mourad , Tantawi Mohamed , Khan Amna , Alt Addison , Hassanein Heidi , Sevim Burak C. , Altes Talissa , Gaballah Ayman 
Published: November 2024

Purpose We aimed to investigate the external validation and performance of an FDA-approved deep learning model in labeling intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) cases on a real-world heterogeneous clinical dataset. Furthermore, we delved deeper into evaluating how patients’ risk factors influenced the model’s performance and gathered feedback on satisfaction from radiologists of varying ranks. Methods This prospective IRB approved study included 5600 non-contrast CT scans of the head in various clinical settings, that is, emergency, inpatient, and outpatient units. The patients’ risk factors were collected and tested for impacting the performance of DL model utilizing univariate and multivariate regression analyses. The performance of DL model was contrasted to the radiologists’ interpretation to determine the presence or absence of ICH with subsequent classification into subcategories of ICH. Key metrics, including accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value, were calculated. Receiver operating characteristics curve, along with the area under the curve, were determined. Additionally, a questionnaire was conducted with radiologists of varying ranks to assess their experience with the model. Results The model exhibited outstanding performance, achieving a high sensitivity of 89% and specificity of 96%. Additional performance metrics, including positive predictive value (82%), negative predictive value (97%), and overall accuracy (94%), underscore its robust capabilities. The area under the ROC curve further demonstrated the model’s efficacy, reaching 0.954. Multivariate logistic regression revealed statistical significance for age, sex, history of trauma, operative intervention, HTN, and smoking. Conclusion Our study highlights the satisfactory performance of the DL model on a diverse real-world dataset, garnering positive feedback from radiology trainees.
Impact of the COL1A1 (RS1107946) gene polymorphism on anterior cruciate ligament rupture in professional soccer players
Authors: Andrade EF , Alcântara DFA , Machado JKS , Cohen-Paes AN , Burbano RMR 
Published: November 2024

Objectives To describe the allelic frequency of rs1107946, belonging to the COL1A1 gene in professional soccer players and compare these findings with data from continental populations described in the 1000 Genomes database, in order to evaluate the frequency of genotypes highly associated with genetic susceptibility to anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries in the literature. Methods The DNA of the 38 professional soccer players was collected from oral mucosa samples. DNA extraction was performed using the PureLinkTMGenomicDNAMini Kit, according to the manufacturer's protocol. For genotyping and allelic discrimination of the selected SNP (rs1107946), real-time PCR was used with TaqMan® SNP GenotypingAssay specific probes (AppliedBiosystems, Foster City, CA, USA) on the QuantStudio 6 Flex Realtime PCR system. The MMA was consistently identified in all specimens. In 26 of 33 (82%) specimens, the MMA branched directly from the popliteal artery, while in 6, the MMA shared a common trunk with the inferior medial genicular artery (IMGA). The MMA was easily distinguishable from the superior MGA, inferior MGA, and MGA, given its direct course to the medial joint line with terminal branches to the posterior horn of the medial meniscus and deep to the semimembranosus tendon. The MMA exhibited a smaller vessel diameter relative to the genicular arteries. Results Our findings demonstrated that the frequency of the wild-type allele C was 65%, while the frequency of the mutant allele A was 45%, highlighting that despite the wild-type allele, which confers protection against the risk of ACL injury, is predominantly distributed in the sample, the mutant allele is significantly present in the individuals investigated. When comparing our findings with data from continental populations described in 1000 Genomes, we found statistically significant allelic and genotypic distributions (Student's T Test p = 0.021), demonstrating that the athletes investigated have a different genetic profile. In our findings, the individuals studied presented a statistically significant allelic frequency of the mutation when compared to the European population, inferring that the frequency of this mutation is higher in European individuals than in mixed-race individuals from Brazil. Conclusion The prevalence of the rs1107946 polymorphism of the COL1A1 gene in athletes may have an important role in the development of ACL injuries.
Lateral femoral sliding osteotomy without screw fixation is not associated with pain or varus trust in valgus knee arthroplasty
Authors: Zorzi AR , Iupi RT , Souza PAM , Piedade SR , Miranda JB , Campos GC 
Published: November 2024

Objectives Several ligament balancing techniques for valgus total knee arthroplasty have been described. One of them is the sliding osteotomy of the lateral epicondyle described by Brilhault. This osteotomy releases the origins of the lateral collateral ligament and the popliteal tendon. According to the original description, the bone fragment is fixed with two screws after desired correction. The aim of this study is to determine the safety and feasibility of a simplified and non-fixed lateral epicondyle sliding osteotomy. Methods Retrospective case series of patients with valgus deformity who underwent total knee arthroplasty between 2006 and 2018. The main outcome was the incidence of complications and adverse events. Secondary outcomes were visual pain scale, Knee Society scale, varus stress test and varus knee thrust during gait. Limb alignment was also assessed with standing radiographs. Results 22 participants (26 knees) were included in the study. There was no re-operation or early revision. The average follow-up was 4.5 years. Eighteen participants had no pain. Four participants had lateral knee pain (VAS pain = 4.5 ± 2.9). Last follow-up Knee Society Scale was 84.9 ± 6.7 ranging from 74 to 95. No participant presented varus instability. Radiographic alignment restored the limb's mechanical axis in all cases. Conclusion The simplified lateral epicondyle osteotomy procedure without fixation proved to be safe and effective.
Meniscal Radial Tears Repaired with All-Inside and Inside-Out Techniques Result in Improved Clinical Outcome Scores; However, More Complications are Reported After Inside-Out Repair: A Systematic Review
Authors: Mameri ES , Dzidzishvili L , Jackson G , Allende F , Allahabadi S , Chahla J 
Published: November 2024

Objectives To compare patient-reported outcomes (PROs), failure, and healing rates following all-inside (AI) repair versus inside-out (IO) repair for the treatment of meniscal radial tears. Methods A literature search was performed according to the 2020 Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines using the Scopus, PubMed, and Embase computerized databases. Level of evidence I through IV human clinical studies evaluating PROs and/or the incidence of failure and healing following AI versus IO repairs for meniscal radial tears were included. Study quality was assessed using the MINORS criteria and MCMS score. Results Ten studies comprising 205 patients were identified including 142 patients who underwent AI repair and 63 patients who underwent IO radial repair. Postoperative Lysholm and Tegner scores ranged from 90.8 to 95.6 and 5.7 to 8.2, respectively, in the AI repair group, compared to 86.9 to 94.2 and 6 to 7.5, respectively, in the IO repair group. Clinical failure ranged from 0% to 21.4% % and 0% to 62.5% in the AI and IO groups, respectively. Healing assessments on second-look arthroscopy revealed failure rates ranging from 0% to 8% in the AI repair group and 0% to 30% in the IO group. Complete and partial healing ranged from 13% to 69% in the AI group and from 22% to 58.3% in the IO group. Postoperative complications ranged from 0%-2% within the AI group compared to the IO group ranging from 0% to 25%. No implant-related complications were reported in any study group. Conclusion All-inside and inside-out repairs for meniscal radial tears both demonstrate improved PROs; however, current literature suggests that the IO technique may present higher failure and complication rates relative to AI repair techniques.