bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The expression of cell adhesion molecule 1 and its splicing variants in Sézary cells and cell lines from cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma
Authors: Yamaguchi Mari , Morizane Shin , Hamada Toshihisa , Miyake Tomoko , Sugaya Makoto , Iwata Hiroaki , Fujii Kazuyasu , Haramoto‐Shiratsuki Rie , Nakagawa Yuki , Miura Mayumi , Ohshima Koichi , Morishita Kazuhiro , Takahashi Takahide , Imada Masahide , Okada Ken , Uehara Jiro , Sowa‐Osako Junko , Iwatsuki Keiji 
Published: September 2019

AbstractCell adhesion molecule 1 (CADM1) is aberrantly expressed by T‐cell neoplasms such as adult T‐cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) and mycosis fungoides (MF). We studied the expression of CADM1 and its splicing variants in Sézary syndrome (SS), MF, other cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma (CTCL), and cell lines derived from T‐ and B‐cell lymphomas. Soluble CADM1 was measured in the patients’ sera. CADM1+ cells in the blood and skin lesions were examined by flow cytometry and immunostaining, respectively. Soluble CADM1 was measured by ELISA, and the splicing variants of CADM1 transcripts were determined by reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction, followed by sequencing. As a result, circulating CADM1+ cells were significantly increased in seven out of 10 patients with SS, ranging from 7.9% to 74.5% of the CD3+CD4+ fractions (median 33.7%; cut‐off value 6.5%). The percentages of CADM1+ cells were usually less than those of circulating Sézary cells. CADM1 was expressed, to various degrees, in six of nine T‐cell lines derived from SS, MF, ATLL, and anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL), but negative in B‐cell lymphoma‐derived cell lines. CADM1+ cells were present in the skin infiltrates of MF, SS, ATLL and ALCL. Serum levels of soluble CADM1 were not significantly elevated in SS/MF. Three major splicing variants of CADM1 expressed by neoplastic T‐cells contained different combinations of the exons 7, 8, 9 and 11, including a putative oncogenic variant composed of exons 7‐8‐9‐11. In conclusion, CADM1 is frequently expressed in Sézary cells and cell lines from CTCL.
Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithms for target‐oriented and interval‐oriented amplitude versus angle inversions with non‐parametric priors and non‐linear forward modellings
Authors: Aleardi Mattia , Salusti Alessandro 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACTIn geophysical inverse problems, the posterior model can be analytically assessed only in case of linear forward operators, Gaussian, Gaussian mixture, or generalized Gaussian prior models, continuous model properties, and Gaussian‐distributed noise contaminating the observed data. For this reason, one of the major challenges of seismic inversion is to derive reliable uncertainty appraisals in cases of complex prior models, non‐linear forward operators and mixed discrete‐continuous model parameters. We present two amplitude versus angle inversion strategies for the joint estimation of elastic properties and litho‐fluid facies from pre‐stack seismic data in case of non‐parametric mixture prior distributions and non‐linear forward modellings. The first strategy is a two‐dimensional target‐oriented inversion that inverts the amplitude versus angle responses of the target reflections by adopting the single‐interface full Zoeppritz equations. The second is an interval‐oriented approach that inverts the pre‐stack seismic responses along a given time interval using a one‐dimensional convolutional forward modelling still based on the Zoeppritz equations. In both approaches, the model vector includes the facies sequence and the elastic properties of P‐wave velocity, S‐wave velocity and density. The distribution of the elastic properties at each common‐mid‐point location (for the target‐oriented approach) or at each time‐sample position (for the time‐interval approach) is assumed to be multimodal with as many modes as the number of litho‐fluid facies considered. In this context, an analytical expression of the posterior model is no more available. For this reason, we adopt a Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm to numerically evaluate the posterior uncertainties. With the aim of speeding up the convergence of the probabilistic sampling, we adopt a specific recipe that includes multiple chains, a parallel tempering strategy, a delayed rejection updating scheme and hybridizes the standard Metropolis–Hasting algorithm with the more advanced differential evolution Markov chain method. For the lack of available field seismic data, we validate the two implemented algorithms by inverting synthetic seismic data derived on the basis of realistic subsurface models and actual well log data. The two approaches are also benchmarked against two analytical inversion approaches that assume Gaussian‐mixture‐distributed elastic parameters. The final predictions and the convergence analysis of the two implemented methods proved that our approaches retrieve reliable estimations and accurate uncertainties quantifications with a reasonable computational effort.
Effects of nitric oxide on apoptosis and voltage‐gated calcium channels in human cardiac myofibroblasts
Authors: Bae Hyemi , Kim Taeho , Lim Inja 
Published: September 2019

SummaryWe characterised the voltage‐gated Ca2+ channels (VGCCs) in human cardiac fibroblasts (HCFs) and myofibroblasts (HCMFs) and investigated the effects of nitric oxide (NO) on apoptosis and on these channels. Western blotting and immunofluorescence analyses show that α‐smooth muscle actin (a myofibroblast marker) was markedly expressed in passage (P) 12‐15 but not in P4 HCF cells, whereas calponin (a fibroblast marker) was expressed only in P4 cells. CaV1.2 (L‐type) and CaV3.3 (T‐type) of VGCCs were highly expressed in P12‐15 cells, but only weak CaV2.3 (R‐type) expression was identified in P4 cells using reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction analysis. S‐Nitroso‐N‐acetylpenicillamine (SNAP, an NO donor) decreased cell viability of HCMFs in a dose‐dependent manner and induced apoptotic changes, and nifedipine (an L‐type Ca2+ channel blocker) prevented apoptosis as shown with immunofluorescence staining and flow cytometry. Whole‐cell mode patch‐clamp recordings demonstrate the presence of L‐type Ca2+ (ICa,L) and T‐type Ca2+ (ICa,T) currents in HCMFs. SNAP inhibited ICa,L of HCMFs, but pre‐treatment with ODQ (a guanylate cyclase inhibitor) or KT5823 (a PKG inhibitor) prevented it. Pre‐treating cells with KT5720 (a PKA inhibitor) or SQ22536 (an adenylate cyclase inhibitor) blocked SNAP‐induced inhibition of ICa,L. 8‐Bromo‐cyclic GMP or 8‐bromo‐cyclic AMP also inhibited ICa,L. However, pre‐treatment with N‐ethylmaleimide (a thiol‐alkylating reagent) did not block the SNAP effect, nor did DL‐dithiothreitol (a reducing agent) reverse it. These data suggest that high concentrations of NO injure HCMFs and inhibit ICa,L through the PKG and PKA signalling pathways but not through the S‐nitrosylation pathway.
Intersex, infertility and the future: early diagnoses and the imagined life course
Authors: Jones Charlotte 
Published: September 2019

AbstractInfertility is often recognised as a status that is medically identified in adulthood after unsuccessful attempts to conceive. This paper develops existing literature by illustrating how current conceptualisations of infertility do not incorporate a full range of experiences. Drawing on detailed, reflective diaries and in‐depth interviews with five participants, I explore how infertility is experienced and understood by women with variations of sex characteristics (VSCs) or intersex traits. I argue that greater consideration needs to be applied to intersex people and the circumstances of an infertility status that may be received in infancy, childhood or adolescence, before or outside of attempts to conceive, and without undergoing fertility treatment. Through discussions of time and futurity, this paper seeks to explore how visions of the future coalesce with an infertile status that is received in combination with an atypical sex status early in life. The paper indicates that early infertility can hinder some intersex children and young people's ambitions. However, infertility is not understood to be pathological or consistently prohibitive throughout the lives of everyone affected. Intersex women's conceptions of a potentially childless future are varied, complex, ambivalent and, in some cases, transitional throughout the life course.
Determination of Transfer Patterns of Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum Planktonic Cells and Biofilms During Mechanical Cutting of Kimchi Cabbage
Authors: Kang Miran , Kim Su‐Ji , Yoon So‐Ra , Lee Hae‐Won , Lee Jae Yong , Ha Ji‐Hyoung 
Published: September 2019

AbstractCross‐contamination of Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum (PCC) from a stainless‐steel surface to cabbage (Brassica rapa L. subsp. pekinensis) was evaluated. To investigate the PCC transfer pattern from mechanical knife surfaces to cabbage during 100 cuts, two mathematical models (power and logarithmic model) were fitted to the mean log10 detection data from cabbage. Overall, regression analysis determined that the best‐fitting regression curves of planktonic cells and detached cells from biofilms transferred onto fresh cabbage were Y = 3.7X–0.41, RMSE = 0.371 and Y = 4.6X–0.35, RMSE = 0.254, respectively. For salted cabbage, the best‐fit regression curves of planktonic cells and biofilm were Y = 5.8X–0.38, RMSE = 0.209 and Y = 5.4X–0.23, RMSE = 0.195, respectively. Our data provide a meaningful indication of the level of PCC cross‐contamination.
Bioavailability Assessment of Copper, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Selenium, and Zinc from Selenium‐Enriched Lettuce
Authors: do Nascimento da Silva Emanueli , Cadore Solange 
Published: September 2019

AbstractCu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Selenium (Se), and Zn bioavailability from selenate‐ and selenite‐enriched lettuce plants was studied by in vitro gastrointestinal digestion followed by an assay with Caco‐2 cells. The plants were cultivated in the absence and presence of two concentrations (25 and 40 µmol/L of Se). After 28 days of cultivation, the plants were harvested, dried, and evaluated regarding the total concentration, bioaccessibility, and bioavailability of the analytes. The results showed that biofortification with selenate leads to higher Se absorption by the plant than biofortification with selenite. For the other nutrients, Mo showed high accumulation in the plants of selenate assays, and the presence of any Se species led to a reduction of the plant uptake of Cu and Fe. The accumulation of Zn and Mn was not strongly influenced by the presence of any Se species. The bioaccessibility values were approximately 71%, 10%, 52%, 84%, 71%, and 86% for Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Se, and Zn, respectively, and the contribution of the biofortified lettuce to the ingestion of these minerals is very small (except for Se and Mo). Due to the low concentrations of elements from digested plants, it was not possible to estimate the bioavailability for some elements, and for Mo and Zn, the values are below 6.9% and 3.4% of the total concentration, respectively. For Se, the bioavailability was greater for selenite‐enriched than selenate‐enriched plants (22% and 6.0%, respectively), because selenite is biotransformed by the plant to organic forms that are better assimilated by the cells.
Latin America and the AIIB: Interests and Viewpoints
Authors: Mendez Alvaro 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThis essay gives insight into the interaction of the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) with Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). The AIIB has expressed a clear interest in LAC, accepting eight countries as ‘prospective’ members pending paying‐in their capital, but LAC shows almost no stamina. It is the world's only region lacking even one paid‐in member. So long as Beijing backs the request, prospective membership only requires writing a few letters. But LAC's inertia in officially joining, by passing legislation and making their capital contribution, is puzzling, given the benefits that lie untapped. The likeliest cause is their own culture of sheer negligent short‐sightedness (‘let's do it mañana’). This tendency to adjourn the acid test of action could be mitigated if countries in the region adopt long‐term non‐partisan National Development Plans to strengthen their institutional policy‐making capacity. For their part, the AIIB's Governors and Beijing, despite their initial keen interest in LAC, have had to give up nudging and adapt themselves to the Latin Americans’ labile perception of time in order to conserve their public image. They must remind LAC that only paid‐in members receive financial benefits.
Old Wine in New Bottles – How Protectionism Takes Hold of Digital Trade
Authors: van der Marel Erik 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThis commentary argues that digital restrictions are spreading across many parts of the world, holding back prospective productivity gains from trade. Barriers to digital trade have the same effect as standard barriers to trade in goods – they protect incumbent firms at the expense of consumers. Just like tariffs on cars or semi‐conductors slowed down the diffusion of new technologies in previous spurts of innovation, digital protectionism will cripple countries in our current wave of Industrialization.
Ultra‐widefield fundus photography for radiation therapy planning of ocular tumours
Authors: Mathis Thibaud , Espensen Charlotte A. , Caujolle Jean‐Pierre , Herault Joel , Fog Lotte S. , Maschi Celia , Kodjikian Laurent , Baillif Stephanie , Kiilgaard Jens F. , Thariat Juliette 
Published: September 2019

AbstractPurposeThe use of planar ultra‐widefield fundus photography (UWF) may result in distortions and inaccurate measurement. The aim of the study was to evaluate the accuracy of UWF instead of the standard narrow field (SF) for the treatment planning phase of ocular tumours.MethodsDistortions between conformal SF and UWF were assessed in 43 patients with choroidal melanoma treated with either proton therapy or brachytherapy. imagej software was used to measure distortion.ResultsThe median interquartile range ([IQR]) distortion for all cases was 3.7% [1.7–10.8]. For cases with tumours within 6 mm of the optic disc, distortions appeared clinically nonsignificant. For peripheral and/or large tumours, significantly larger distortions were observed on UWF (median 4.4% [2.7–22.6] for tumours ≥6 mm from the optic disc versus 3.3% [1.6–9.9] for those <6 mm, p = 0.04). Images can be subdivided into three groups: minimal distortion (79.1% of eyes), similar level of major distortion for both measured distances (11.6%) and distortion with unequal level of distortion between the measured distances (9.3%).ConclusionDistortions with UWF appeared minimal in posterior regions of the fundus and increased with the distance from the posterior pole. UWF could therefore be used for treatment planning of ocular tumours as the planned radiation dose to the macula and optic disc are not impacted.
Review article: the genetics of the human leucocyte antigen region in inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Ashton James J. , Latham Katy , Beattie Robert Mark , Ennis Sarah 
Published: September 2019

SummaryBackgroundThe human leucocyte antigen (HLA) complex, located at chromosome 6p21.3 is a highly polymorphic region containing the classical class I and II HLA genes. The region is highly associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), largely through genome‐wide association studies (GWAS).AimsTo review the role of HLA in immune function, summarise data on risk/protective HLA genotypes for IBD, discuss the role of HLA in IBD pathogenesis, treatment and examine limitations that might be addressed by future research.MethodsAn organised search strategy was used to collate articles describing HLA genes in IBD, including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.ResultsAll classical HLA genes with variation (including HLA‐A, B, C, DRB1, DQA1, DQB1, DPA1 and DPB1) harbour IBD‐associated genotypes. The most implicated gene is HLA‐DRB1, with HLA‐DRB1*03:01 the most associated risk allele in both Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Elucidating precise disease associations is challenging due to high linkage disequilibrium between HLA genotypes. The mechanisms by which risk alleles cause disease are multifactorial, with the best evidence indicating structural and electrostatic alteration impacting antigen binding and downstream signalling. Adverse medication events have been associated with HLA genotypes including with thiopurines (pancreatitis) and anti‐TNF agents (antibody formation).ConclusionsThe HLA complex is associated with multiple risk/protective alleles for IBD. Future research utilising long‐read technology, ascertainment of zygosity and integration in disease modelling will improve the functional understanding and clinical translation of genetic findings.
Slaughterline records of various postmortem pathological lesions and their influence on carcass and meat quality in slaughtered pigs
Authors: Čobanović Nikola , Janković Ljiljana , Vasilev Dragan , Dimitrijević Mirjana , Teodorović Vlado , Kureljušić Branislav , Karabasil Nedjeljko 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe aim of this study was to identify the prevalence of pathological lesions in pigs from small‐scale farms and to determine associations between pathological lesions and hematological parameters, and carcass and meat quality in slaughtered pigs. The study was conducted on 625 pigs (~115 kg) originating from 20 small‐scale farms. Any signs of pneumonia, pleurisy, pericarditis, and liver milk spots were recorded as present or absent. Complete blood count was investigated. The following carcass quality parameters were measured: live, hot and cold carcass weights, cooling loss, dressing percentage, backfat thickness, and meatiness. Meat pH and temperature were measured 45 min postmortem. Of the 625 examined pigs, 41.8% had pneumonia, 23.5% pleurisy, 2.7% pericarditis, and 29.9% liver milk spots. The presence of pathological lesions in slaughtered pigs adversely affected hematological parameters, reduced live, hot and cold carcass weights, and meatiness and had deleterious effects on meat quality (higher pH45min and higher prevalence of dark, firm and dry meat). In conclusion, this study showed a high prevalence of pathological lesions in slaughtered pigs, indicating serious health problems in smallholder pig production systems. The presence of single and, especially, multiple pathological lesions in slaughtered pigs negatively affected hematological parameters, and carcass and meat quality.
Equivalence of regression curves sharing common parameters
Authors: Möllenhoff Kathrin , Bretz Frank , Dette Holger 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIn clinical trials, the comparison of two different populations is a common problem. Nonlinear (parametric) regression models are commonly used to describe the relationship between covariates, such as concentration or dose, and a response variable in the two groups. In some situations, it is reasonable to assume some model parameters to be the same, for instance, the placebo effect or the maximum treatment effect. In this paper, we develop a (parametric) bootstrap test to establish the similarity of two regression curves sharing some common parameters. We show by theoretical arguments and by means of a simulation study that the new test controls its significance level and achieves a reasonable power. Moreover, it is demonstrated that under the assumption of common parameters, a considerably more powerful test can be constructed compared with the test that does not use this assumption. Finally, we illustrate the potential applications of the new methodology by a clinical trial example.
A spatial open‐population capture‐recapture model
Authors: Efford Murray G. , Schofield Matthew R. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractA spatial open‐population capture‐recapture model is described that extends both the non‐spatial open‐population model of Schwarz and Arnason and the spatially explicit closed‐population model of Borchers and Efford. The superpopulation of animals available for detection at some time during a study is conceived as a two‐dimensional Poisson point process. Individual probabilities of birth and death follow the conventional open‐population model. Movement between sampling times may be modeled with a dispersal kernel using a recursive Markovian algorithm. Observations arise from distance‐dependent sampling at an array of detectors. As in the closed‐population spatial model, the observed data likelihood relies on integration over the unknown animal locations; maximization of this likelihood yields estimates of the birth, death, movement, and detection parameters. The models were fitted to data from a live‐trapping study of brushtail possums (Trichosurus vulpecula) in New Zealand. Simulations confirmed that spatial modeling can greatly reduce the bias of capture‐recapture survival estimates and that there is a degree of robustness to misspecification of the dispersal kernel. An R package is available that includes various extensions.
Establishment of brain natriuretic peptide ‐ based criteria for evaluating cardiac response to treatment in light chain (AL) amyloidosis
Authors: Lilleness Brian , Doros Gheorghe , Ruberg Frederick L. , Sanchorawala Vaishali 
Published: September 2019

SummarySeverity of cardiac involvement remains the leading determinant of survival in light chain (AL) amyloidosis. Until recently, cardiac response after treatment relied on reduction of N‐terminal pro‐brain natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP). In this study, 94 patients with AL amyloidosis (baseline BNP ≥150 pg/ml) had BNP measured at 6 months following treatment. Median overall survival was not reached for cardiac response (≥50 pg/ml and ≥ 30% decrease in BNP), 9·2 years for cardiac stability (<50 pg/ml and <30% change in BNP) and 2·8 years for cardiac progression (≥50 pg/ml or ≥30% increase in BNP) (log‐rank P < 0·001). Cardiac response and progression, as measured by BNP values, are significantly associated with survival in AL amyloidosis.
Assessing the function of geophagy in a Malagasy rain forest lemur
Authors: Semel Brandon Pierce , Baden Andrea Lee , Salisbury Rachael Lee , McGee Elizabeth M. , Wright Patricia Chapple , Arrigo‐Nelson Summer Joyce 
Published: September 2019

AbstractGeophagy has been observed in nearly every long‐term study of folivorous primates. Yet despite frequent observations of this behavior, conclusive explanations for soil consumption remain ambiguous. This study tests the most frequently proposed hypotheses for geophagy using data collected on the geophagic behavior of the Milne‐Edwards’ sifaka (Propithecus edwardsi) living in two forests with varying levels of disturbance within Ranomafana National Park, Madagascar. Field data were collected from December 2002 to November 2003, during which time soil samples were collected for mineral analyses from 102 sites selected for geophagy and 42 control sites at which no geophagy was recorded. Results indicate that control soils differ significantly between the two study sites and that this difference is primarily attributable to varying levels of habitat disturbance. The frequency of soil consumption also does not vary significantly by sex or between logged and unlogged habitats. Soil consumption significantly correlated with fruit/seed consumption overall, but to a lesser degree in logged compared with unlogged sites. Clay minerals found in soils likely prevent absorption of dietary toxins in the gut and/or may mediate gut pH. This provides strong evidence for the protection hypothesis for geophagy, which may be especially important in areas where logging, or other forms of habitat disturbance, has been experienced.Abstract in French is available with online material.