bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Potensi Antioksidan Rumput Laut Gracilaria verrucosa Dari Pantai Gunung Kidul, Yogyakarta
Authors: Febrianto Wahyu , Djunaedi Ali , Suryono Suryono , Santosa Gunawan Widi , Sunaryo Sunaryo 
Published: April 2019

Gracilaria verrucosa is red algae that has been widely used as an antioxidant. This research was conducted to test antioxidant activity, total phenolic content and bioactive compound of Gracilaria verrucosa obtained from Pok Tunggal Beach and Ngandong Beach, Gunung Kidul, Yogyakarta. Research was carried out by descriptive method. Samples were fresh and taken from the beach, then macerated for 3x24 hours in a methanol solvent. Antioxidant test was carried out by electron transfer method with DPPH 0.1 mM and measurement of antioxidant activity using. Total phenolic contents were measured using the Folin-ciocalteau method using gallic acid standard on 725 nm wavelength. The phytochemical content observated by changing of extract color by reagent. Pigment contents were measured using spectrophotometric methods at wavelengths 636 and 663 (chlorophyll-a and chlorophyll-b) and 480 nm (carotenoids). The results showed that IC50 value extract of Pok Tunggal Beach and Ngandong Beach were 188,53 ppm and 168,76 ppm. Phenolic content of each extract were 16,527 and 17,497 mg GAE / g sample weight). Chlorophyll-a levels were 7,132 and 4,357 mg/g, chlorophyll-b were 8,335 and 5,401 mg/g, carotenoids were 31,625 and 35,494 µmol/g. Gracilaria verrucosa from Ngandong Beach have antioxidant activity.Gracilaria verrucosa merupakan alga merah yang pemanfaatannya sudah banyak dilakukan sebagai antioksidan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi antioksidan, menghitung kadar fenolat total, dan senyawa bioaktif yang terkandung pada Gracilaria verrucosa yang diperoleh dari Pantai Pok Tunggal dan Pantai Ngandong, Gunung Kidul, Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode deskriptif. Sampel segar diambil langsung dari pantai, kemudian dimaserasi selama 3x24 jam dalam pelarut metanol. Uji antioksidan dilakukan dengan metode transfer elektron dengan DPPH 0,1 mM dan pengukuran aktivitas antioksidan menggunakan perhitungan nilai IC50. Kadar fenolat total diukur menggunakan metode Folin-ciocalteau dengan asam galat sebagai standar pada panjang gelombang 725 nm. Kandungan fitokimia diuji menggunakan pengamatan perubahan warna ekstrak saat diberikan pereaksi. Kadar pigmen diukur menggunakan metode spektrofotometri pada panjang gelombang 636, 663 (klorofil-a dan klorofil-b) dan 480 nm (karotenoid). Hasil menunjukkan bahwa nilai IC50 ekstrak sampel dari Pantai Pok Tunggal dan Pantai Ngandong berturut-turut adalah 188,53 ppm dan 168,76 ppm. Kadar fenolat masing-masing ekstrak sebesar 16,527 dan 17,497 mg GAE/g berat sampel). Kadar klorofil-a sebesar 7,132 dan 4,357 mg/g, klorofil-b sebesar 8,335 dan 5,401 mg/g, karotenoid sebesar 31,625 dam 35,494 µmol/g. Gracilaria verrucosa dari Pantai Ngandong dan Pantai Pok Tunggal memiliki potensi antioksidan.
Synthesis, thermogravimetric analysis and enthalpy determination of lanthanide β-diketonates
Authors: Shahbazi Shayan , Oldham C. J. , Mullen Austin D. , Auxier II John D. , Hall Howard L. 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
This work reports thermodynamic characterizations of lanthanide β-diketonates for use in nuclear fission product separation. Adsorption and sublimation enthalpies have been shown to be linearly correlated, therefore there is motivation to determine sublimation thermodynamics. An isothermal thermogravimetric analysis method is employed on fourteen lanthanide chelates for the ligands 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-3,5-heptanedione and 6,6,7,7,8,8,8-heptafluoro-2,2-dimethyl-3,5-octanedione to determine sublimation enthalpies. No linear trend is seen across the series; values show a cyclical nature, possibly indicating a greater influence of chemisorption for some complexes and less of a role of physisorption in dictating adsorption differences between lanthanides in the same series. This is in line with previous reports in terms of the chromatographic separation order of the lanthanides. The results reported here can be used to manipulate separations parameters and column characteristics to better separate these lanthanide chelates. Fourteen chelates of the ligand 1,1,1-trifluoro-2,4-pentanedione are also thermally characterized but found to not sublime and be undesirable for this method. Additionally, all chelates are characterized by constant heating thermogravimetric analysis coupled with mass spectrometry, melting point analysis, elemental analysis and FTIR.
Metformin reduces risk of benign nodular goiter in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Tseng Chin-Hsiao 
Published: April 2019

BackgroundWhether metformin might affect the risk of benign nodular goiter in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus has not been investigated.MethodsPatients with new-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus during 1999–2005 were enrolled from Taiwan’s National Health Insurance database. Analyses were conducted in a propensity score matched-pairs of 20,048 ever users and 20,048 never users of metformin. The patients were followed until December 31, 2011, for the incidence of benign nodular goiter. Hazard ratios were estimated by Cox regression incorporated with the inverse probability of treatment weighting using the propensity score.ResultsAmong the never users and ever users of metformin, 392 and 221 cases were diagnosed of benign nodular goiter during follow-up, with incidence of 457.88 and 242.45 per 100,000 person-years, respectively. The overall hazard ratio for ever versus never users was 0.527 (95% confidence interval: 0.447–0.621). When cumulative duration of metformin therapy was divided into tertiles, the hazard ratios for the first (<25.3 months), second (25.3–57.3 months) and third (>57.3 months) tertiles were 0.815 (0.643–1.034), 0.648 (0.517–0.812) and 0.255 (0.187–0.348), respectively. Sensitivity analyses estimating the overall hazard ratios for patients enrolled in each specific year from 1999 to 2005 consistently showed a lower risk of benign nodular goiter among users of metformin.ConclusionMetformin use is associated with a lower risk of benign nodular goiter in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Electronic Monitoring in Europe – a Panacea for Reforming Criminal Sanctions Systems? A Critical Review
Authors: Dünkel Frieder 
Published: April 2019

[full article, abstract in English; abstract in Lithuanian]
First experiments with electronic monitoring emerged in Europe in the early 1990s. Within 15 years, the majority of countries in Europe reported having introduced electronic monitoring at least as pilot projects. The amazing dynamic rise of electronic monitoring in Europe may be explained by the commercial interests that become evident when looking at the activities of private companies selling the technique. Although electronic monitoring seems to have expanded in many countries, one has to realize its marginal role within the European sanctions systems compared to other sentencing or release options. On average, only about 3% of all probationary supervised persons were under electronic monitoring at the end of 2013. This article deals with questions regarding the impact of electronic monitoring on prison population rates and reduced reoffending, with net-widening effects and costs, essential rehabilitative support, human rights-based perspectives and the general (non)sense of electronic monitoring.
Sleeve Gastrectomy for Youth With Cognitive Impairment or Developmental Disability
Authors: Hornack Sarah E. , Nadler Evan P. , Wang Jichuan , Hansen Amysue , Mackey Eleanor R. 
Published: April 2019

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Youth with cognitive impairment or developmental disability (CI/DD) face higher rates of obesity and secondary medical issues. Bariatric surgery may be a helpful tool for health improvement because it has been shown efficacious for adolescents. We aim to contribute to literature regarding bariatric surgery for adolescents with CI/DD and explore the association between cognitive functioning and weight loss outcomes.

METHODS:
Adolescents (N = 64) received a preoperative psychological evaluation, including cognitive assessment, and bariatric surgery at 1 weight loss program between 2010 and 2017. For these adolescents with measured cognitive performance, CI/DD was defined by an IQ &lt;80 or previous diagnosis. In analyses, we compared adolescents with and without CI/DD. Structural equation modeling was used to assess the impact of cognitive functioning on weight loss 3 to 24 months postsurgery.

RESULTS:
There were no significant differences between adolescents with or without CI/DD in terms of preoperative BMI, age, and sex. Having CI/DD did not significantly impact weight loss or weight loss trajectory in the 2 years after surgery, although modeling revealed a trend toward individuals with CI/DD losing more weight over time. Similarly, intelligence scores did not predict weight loss after surgery.

CONCLUSIONS:
Bariatric surgery may be a helpful tool for adolescents with severe obesity and CI/DD. They could benefit from the surgery as much as those with typical development, and having CI/DD should not be used as a criterion to deny surgery. Continuing research with this population can be used to determine long-term outcomes in addition to defining best practices.
Approximation of functions by some exponential operators of max-product type
Authors: Holhoş Adrian 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
In this paper we study the uniform approximation of functions by a generalization of the Picard and Gauss-Weierstrass operators of max-product type in exponential weighted spaces. We estimate the rate of approximation in terms of a suitable modulus of continuity. We extend and improve previous results.
Fluconazole Increases Osmotic Water Transport in Renal Collecting Duct through Effects on Aquaporin-2 Trafficking
Authors: Vukićević Tanja , Hinze Christian , Baltzer Sandrine , Himmerkus Nina , Quintanova Catarina , Zühlke Kerstin , Compton Friederike , Ahlborn Robert , Dema Alessandro , Eichhorst Jenny , Wiesner Burkhard , Bleich Markus , Schmidt-Ott Kai M. , Klussmann Enno 
Published: April 2019

Significance Statement
Dysregulation of vasopressin-induced water reabsorption in the renal collecting duct leads to diabetes insipidus, a congenital or acquired syndrome. Some forms of diabetes insipidus lack effective treatments to prevent the excessive loss of hypotonic urine that characterizes the condition. The authors previously identified the antimycotic drug fluconazole as a potential therapy, acting to modulate the effects of a water channel protein aquaportin-2 (AQP2). In this study, they show in vitro and in vivo that fluconazole induces a vasopressin-independent insertion of AQP2 into the plasma membrane of collecting duct principal cells, thereby lowering urinary output. Hence, fluconazole might have clinical utility in treating certain forms of diabetes insipidus—such as hereditary X-linked nephrogenic diabetes insipidus—in which the kidney responds inappropriately to vasopressin.

Background
Arginine-vasopressin (AVP) binding to vasopressin V2 receptors promotes redistribution of the water channel aquaporin-2 (AQP2) from intracellular vesicles into the plasma membrane of renal collecting duct principal cells. This pathway fine-tunes renal water reabsorption and urinary concentration, and its perturbation is associated with diabetes insipidus. Previously, we identified the antimycotic drug fluconazole as a potential modulator of AQP2 localization.

Methods
We assessed the influence of fluconazole on AQP2 localization in vitro and in vivo as well as the drug's effects on AQP2 phosphorylation and RhoA (a small GTPase, which under resting conditions, maintains F-actin to block AQP2-bearing vesicles from reaching the plasma membrane). We also tested fluconazole's effects on water flow across epithelia of isolated mouse collecting ducts and on urine output in mice treated with tolvaptan, a VR2 blocker that causes a nephrogenic diabetes insipidus–like excessive loss of hypotonic urine.

Results
Fluconazole increased plasma membrane localization of AQP2 in principal cells independent of AVP. It also led to an increased AQP2 abundance associated with alterations in phosphorylation status and ubiquitination as well as inhibition of RhoA. In isolated mouse collecting ducts, fluconazole increased transepithelial water reabsorption. In mice, fluconazole increased collecting duct AQP2 plasma membrane localization and reduced urinary output. Fluconazole also reduced urinary output in tolvaptan-treated mice.

Conclusions
Fluconazole promotes collecting duct AQP2 plasma membrane localization in the absence of AVP. Therefore, it might have utility in treating forms of diabetes insipidus (e.g., X-linked nephrogenic diabetes insipidus) in which the kidney responds inappropriately to AVP.
Okul Öncesi Eğitim Kurumlarının Dış Mekan Özellikleri: Eskişehir İli Örneği
Authors: GENEY Fatma , ÖZSOY Zeynep , BAY Döndü Neslihan 
Published: April 2019

Araştırmanın
amacı, Eskişehir’deki okul öncesi eğitim kurumlarının dış mekan özelliklerini
ortaya koymaktır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda özel ve devlet anaokullarındaki dış
mekanlarda kullanılan materyallerin ve bu materyallerin özelliklerinin neler
olduğu araştırılmıştır. Araştırmada nitel araştırma yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Bu
bağlamda örneklem içerisinde yer alan okulların dış mekan özellikleri
betimlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Betimlenme sürecinde nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden
yapılandırılmış gözlem yöntemi uygulanmıştır. Eskişehir merkez ilçelerinde
bulunan devlet anaokullarının tamamı (20) ve 15 özel anaokulu olmak üzere
toplam 35 okul öncesi eğitim kurumu araştırmanın örneklemini oluşturmaktadır.
Ayrıca özel anaokulların belirlenmesi en az 50 çocuk mevcudiyetinin olması
ölçüt olarak alınmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda mekan büyüklüğü, oyun alanlarının
düzenlenmesi ve materyal çeşitliliği yönlerinden her iki okul grubunun da
eksikleri olduğu; devlet anaokullarının özel anaokullarına göre daha iyi
düzeyde olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
THE EARLY STAGES OF URANIUM GEOLOGY IN POST-WWII ITALY
Authors: CANDELA ANDREA 
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACT
At the beginning of the industrial atomic age, launched by President Dwight Eisenhower's speech on the peaceful uses of nuclear energy (“Atoms for Peace”, addressed to the United Nations General Assembly, New York, 8 December 1953), and after the birth of the first atomic agencies in France (Commissariat a l'Énergie Atomique, 1945) and the United States (the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission, 1946), the Comitato Nazionale per le Ricerche Nucleari (National Committee for Nuclear Research–CNRN) was also established in Italy (1952). The new institution, in 1960 became a self-governing organization with a modified name, Comitato Nazionale per l'Energia Nucleare (National Committee for Nuclear Energy–CNEN). Its mission was to promote and develop Italian research in nuclear science and technology. Mining and mineral exploration were among the early activities that the National Committee undertook beginning in 1954, when the Divisione Geomineraria (Geology and Mining Division) was established. A regional-scale geochemical and geophysical prospecting survey for U-Th bearing ores involved different Italian regions both in northern and in southern Italy. Geological surveys, for instance, were systematically carried out in the Alps beginning in 1954. They were run by three main teams of geologists. The paper aims to analyze the key factors that contributed to fostering the emergence of a new field of research about uranium and nuclear geology in Italy during the years immediately after WWII.
DID NINETEENTH CENTURY MARINE VERTEBRATE FOSSIL DISCOVERIES INFLUENCE SEA SERPENT REPORTS?
Authors: PAXTON C. G. M. , NAISH D. 
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACT
Here we test the hypothesis, first suggested by L. Sprague De Camp in 1968, that “After Mesozoic reptiles became well-known, reports of sea serpents, which until then had tended towards the serpentine, began to describe the monster as more and more resembling a Mesozoic marine reptile like a plesiosaur or a mosasaur.” This statement generates a number of testable specific hypotheses, namely: 1) there was a decline in reports where the body was described as serpent or eel-like; 2) there was an increase in reports with necks (a feature of plesiosaurs) or reports that mentioned plesiosaurs; and 3) there was an increase in mosasaur-like reports. Over the last 200 years, there is indeed evidence of a decline in serpentiform sea serpent reports and an increase in the proportion of reports with necks but there is no evidence for an increase in the proportion of mosasaur-like reports. However, witnesses only began to unequivocally compare sea serpents to prehistoric reptiles in the late nineteenth century, some fifty years after the suggestion was first made by naturalists.
HARTLEY TRAVERS FERRAR (1879–1932) AND HIS GEOLOGICAL LEGACY IN ANTARCTICA, EGYPT AND NEW ZEALAND
Authors: BROOK MARTIN S. , FERRAR SUSANNA 
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACT
Hartley Travers Ferrar was the geologist on Scott's first expedition to the Antarctic (the ‘Discovery’ Expedition) in 1901–1904. Ferrar undertook the first geological surveys in the Transantarctic Mountains, which he mapped to 83°S, and made some discoveries of major scientific importance, such as fossil leaves, later identified as Glossopteris indica. He then worked in Egypt, Palestine and New Zealand, and was Acting Director of the New Zealand Geological Survey when he died suddenly in 1932. Little has been acknowledged about Ferrar's other contributions to geology, which were vast, and included pioneering work on irrigation and hydrogeology in Egypt, as well as a series of geological mapping campaigns in New Zealand. The latter extended to systematic soil surveys in New Zealand, in particular in Central Otago, where soil types and their properties were characterized in the field and laboratory. This paper outlines some of Ferrar's key contributions to New Zealand geoscience, as well as some of his notable overseas achievements.
CLOSING THE IRON CURTAIN: HOW GEOLOGISTS IN BERLIN EXPERIENCED THE COLD WAR ERA
Authors: KÖLBL-EBERT MARTINA 
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACT
After World War II, the geological community in Germany was severely disrupted. Nevertheless, there were also first attempts to mend severed professional ties by contacting colleagues within Germany and outside. As far as logistically possible under the difficult circumstances of the time, publications and maps, paleontological specimens and geological information were exchanged, e.g., between East-Berlin (Soviet Sector of the divided city) and Hannover (within the British Occupation Area) or Tübingen (within the French Occupation Area), and vice versa. Over the next couple of years, however, matters of logistics did not become easier—to the contrary. Berlin colleagues reported increasing political pressure and many left eastern Germany to seek employment in the west. Those that remained were forced to abandon professional bonds with the western zones. Whereas it seemed comparatively harmless, when one had sent a few fossil corals from Berlin on loan to Tübingen, those that had sent information on petroleum and ore deposits suddenly found themselves charged with espionage and high treason, facing imprisonment and potentially worse. As a consequence, letters crossing the border became less and less frequent and geologists like everybody else settled into two different worlds separated by the ‘Iron Curtain’.
Mn İçeriğinin Mn50-xNi41+xSn9 (x = 0, 2, 4) Manyetik Şekil Hafızalı Alaşımlarının Termal ve Manyetik Özelliklerine Etkisi
Authors: Şaşmaz Merivan 
Published: April 2019

Manyetik şekil hafızalı alaşımlarda (MŞHA) martensitik dönüşüm
sıcaklıkları ve manyetik özellikler, alaşımı oluşturan metallerin
kompozisyonuna güçlü bir şekilde bağlıdır. NiMn temelli MŞHA’ da yüksek Mn
içeriğinin martensitik dönüşüm sıcaklıkları ve manyetizasyon değerleri üzerine
etkisi önem taşımaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Mn50-xNi41+xSn9 (x = 0, 2, 4) MŞHA’ da yüksek Mn içeriğinin
termal ve manyetik özelliklere etkisi rapor edildi. Alaşımlar indüksiyon
eritme/döküm metodu ile hazırlandı ve 72 saat 900 oC’ de argon
atmosferinde ısıl işleme maruz kaldı ve daha sonra suda ani soğutuldu.
Hazırlanan malzemelerin martensitik dönüşüm sıcaklıkları ve sıcaklığa bağlı
manyetizasyon ölçümleri diferansiyel taramalı kalorimetresi (DSC) ve titreşimli
örnek manyetometresi (VSM) ile yapıldı. Sonuç
olarak DSC ölçümleri ve termomanyetizasyon (M-T) eğrilerinden, Mn içeriğinin alaşımların
martensitik dönüşüm sıcaklıkları ve manyetizasyon değerlerini değiştirdiği tespit
edildi. Mn miktarı artışına bağlı olarak martensitik dönüşüm sıcaklıklarında
azalma ve bu sıcaklıklardaki manyetizasyon değerlerinde ani atlayışlar görüldü.
Ayrıca manyetizasyon değerlerinde de Mn miktarı düştükçe azalma gözlendi.
MOMENTOS-CHARNEIRAS E MEMÓRIAS MUSICAIS: ENCONTROS E CONEXÕES NAS NARRATIVAS DE ACADÊMICOS EM DANÇA
Authors: Teixeira Ziliane Lima de Oliveira , Louro-Hettwer Ana Lúcia de Marques e 
Published: April 2019

Neste artigo é relatada uma pesquisa realizada na disciplina Música para os cursos de bacharelado e licenciatura em Dança de uma universidade do Sul do Brasil. A ementa proposta para a disciplina é ampliada de estudos de ritmo e compassos para incluir também narrativas (auto)biográficas dos alunos. São feitas aproximações com Josso (1988, 2004) ao convidar os alunos a falarem e escreverem sobre momentos importantes que envolveram música em suas vidas, bem como da perspectiva da Espiritualidade e Artes. São analisados cinco trechos das narrativas por escrito. Relatos dos alunos colocam que esta atividade de narrar uma memória musical despertou tantos sentimentos, proporcionando conhecer uns aos outros e reconhecerem a si mesmo.