bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Blunting neuroinflammation with resolvin D1 prevents early pathology in a rat model of Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Krashia Paraskevi , Cordella Alberto , Nobili Annalisa , La Barbera Livia , Federici Mauro , Leuti Alessandro , Campanelli Federica , Natale Giuseppina , Marino Gioia , Calabrese Valeria , Vedele Francescangelo , Ghiglieri Veronica , Picconi Barbara , Di Lazzaro Giulia , Schirinzi Tommaso , Sancesario Giulia , Casadei Nicolas , Riess Olaf , Bernardini Sergio , Pisani Antonio , Calabresi Paolo , Viscomi Maria Teresa , Serhan Charles Nicholas , Chiurchiù Valerio , D’Amelio Marcello , Mercuri Nicola Biagio 
Published: September 2019

AbstractNeuroinflammation is one of the hallmarks of Parkinson’s disease (PD) and may contribute to midbrain dopamine (DA) neuron degeneration. Recent studies link chronic inflammation with failure to resolve early inflammation, a process operated by specialized pro-resolving mediators, including resolvins. However, the effects of stimulating the resolution of inflammation in PD – to modulate disease progression – still remain unexplored. Here we show that rats overexpressing human α-synuclein (Syn) display altered DA neuron properties, reduced striatal DA outflow and motor deficits prior to nigral degeneration. These early alterations are coupled with microglia activation and perturbations of inflammatory and pro-resolving mediators, namely IFN-γ and resolvin D1 (RvD1). Chronic and early RvD1 administration in Syn rats prevents central and peripheral inflammation, as well as neuronal dysfunction and motor deficits. We also show that endogenous RvD1 is decreased in human patients with early-PD. Our results suggest there is an imbalance between neuroinflammatory and pro-resolving processes in PD.
Assisted reproductive technologies are associated with limited epigenetic variation at birth that largely resolves by adulthood
Authors: Novakovic Boris , Lewis Sharon , Halliday Jane , Kennedy Joanne , Burgner David P. , Czajko Anna , Kim Bowon , Sexton-Oates Alexandra , Juonala Markus , Hammarberg Karin , Amor David J. , Doyle Lex W. , Ranganathan Sarath , Welsh Liam , Cheung Michael , McBain John , McLachlan Robert , Saffery Richard 
Published: September 2019

AbstractMore than 7 million individuals have been conceived by Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART) and there is clear evidence that ART is associated with a range of adverse early life outcomes, including rare imprinting disorders. The periconception period and early embryogenesis are associated with widespread epigenetic remodeling, which can be influenced by ART, with effects on the developmental trajectory in utero, and potentially on health throughout life. Here we profile genome-wide DNA methylation in blood collected in the newborn period and in adulthood (age 22–35 years) from a unique longitudinal cohort of ART-conceived individuals, previously shown to have no differences in health outcomes in early adulthood compared with non-ART-conceived individuals. We show evidence for specific ART-associated variation in methylation around birth, most of which occurred independently of embryo culturing. Importantly, ART-associated epigenetic variation at birth largely resolves by adulthood with no direct evidence that it impacts on development and health.
Heterogeneity of human bone marrow and blood natural killer cells defined by single-cell transcriptome
Authors: Yang Chao , Siebert Jason R. , Burns Robert , Gerbec Zachary J. , Bonacci Benedetta , Rymaszewski Amy , Rau Mary , Riese Matthew J. , Rao Sridhar , Carlson Karen-Sue , Routes John M. , Verbsky James W. , Thakar Monica S. , Malarkannan Subramaniam 
Published: September 2019

AbstractNatural killer (NK) cells are critical to both innate and adaptive immunity. However, the development and heterogeneity of human NK cells are yet to be fully defined. Using single-cell RNA-sequencing technology, here we identify distinct NK populations in human bone marrow and blood, including one population expressing higher levels of immediate early genes indicative of a homeostatic activation. Functionally matured NK cells with high expression of CX3CR1, HAVCR2 (TIM-3), and ZEB2 represents terminally differentiated status with the unique transcriptional profile. Transcriptomic and pseudotime analyses identify a transitional population between CD56bright and CD56dim NK cells. Finally, a donor with GATA2T354M mutation exhibits reduced percentage of CD56bright NK cells with altered transcriptome and elevated cell death. These data expand our understanding of the heterogeneity and development of human NK cells.
Managing high fiber food waste for the cultivation of black soldier fly larvae
Authors: Palma Lydia , Fernandez-Bayo Jesus , Niemeier Deb , Pitesky Maurice , VanderGheynst Jean S. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIncreases in global human population are leading to increasing demands for food production and waste management. Insect biomass is a sustainable alternative to traditional animal feeds when insects are produced on lignocellulosic by-products. Resources high in lignocellulose have high carbon to nitrogen ratios and require nitrogen supplementation to accelerate bioconversion. Here we report on studies that examine the influence of nitrogen supplementation of almond hull-based feedstocks on black soldier fly larvae (Hermetia illucens L.) cultivation and composition. Decreasing carbon to nitrogen ratio from 49 to 16 increased larvae harvest dry weight, specific larvae growth, and yield by 36%, 31%, and 51%, respectively. However, the decrease in carbon to nitrogen ratio decreased larvae methionine and cysteine contents by 11% and 13%, respectively. The findings demonstrate that carbon to nitrogen ratio can be managed to enhance bioconversion of lignocellulose to larvae, but that this management approach can reduce larvae amino acid content.
Consistently dated Atlantic sediment cores over the last 40 thousand years
Authors: Waelbroeck Claire , Lougheed Bryan C. , Vazquez Riveiros Natalia , Missiaen Lise , Pedro Joel , Dokken Trond , Hajdas Irka , Wacker Lukas , Abbott Peter , Dumoulin Jean-Pascal , Thil François , Eynaud Frédérique , Rossignol Linda , Fersi Wiem , Albuquerque Ana Luiza , Arz Helge , Austin William E. N. , Came Rosemarie , Carlson Anders E. , Collins James A. , Dennielou Bernard , Desprat Stéphanie , Dickson Alex , Elliot Mary , Farmer Christa , Giraudeau Jacques , Gottschalk Julia , Henderiks Jorijntje , Hughen Konrad , Jung Simon , Knutz Paul , Lebreiro Susana , Lund David C. , Lynch-Stieglitz Jean , Malaizé Bruno , Marchitto Thomas , Martínez-Méndez Gema , Mollenhauer Gesine , Naughton Filipa , Nave Silvia , Nürnberg Dirk , Oppo Delia , Peck Victoria , Peeters Frank J. C. , Penaud Aurélie , Portilho-Ramos Rodrigo da Costa , Repschläger Janne , Roberts Jenny , Rühlemann Carsten , Salgueiro Emilia , Sanchez Goni Maria Fernanda , Schönfeld Joachim , Scussolini Paolo , Skinner Luke C. , Skonieczny Charlotte , Thornalley David , Toucanne Samuel , Rooij David Van , Vidal Laurence , Voelker Antje H. L. , Wary Mélanie , Weldeab Syee , Ziegler Martin 
Published: September 2019

AbstractRapid changes in ocean circulation and climate have been observed in marine-sediment and ice cores over the last glacial period and deglaciation, highlighting the non-linear character of the climate system and underlining the possibility of rapid climate shifts in response to anthropogenic greenhouse gas forcing. To date, these rapid changes in climate and ocean circulation are still not fully explained. One obstacle hindering progress in our understanding of the interactions between past ocean circulation and climate changes is the difficulty of accurately dating marine cores. Here, we present a set of 92 marine sediment cores from the Atlantic Ocean for which we have established age-depth models that are consistent with the Greenland GICC05 ice core chronology, and computed the associated dating uncertainties, using a new deposition modeling technique. This is the first set of consistently dated marine sediment cores enabling paleoclimate scientists to evaluate leads/lags between circulation and climate changes over vast regions of the Atlantic Ocean. Moreover, this data set is of direct use in paleoclimate modeling studies.
Association between insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, and coronary artery disease according to the presence of diabetes
Authors: Cho Young-Rak , Ann Soe Hee , Won Ki-Bum , Park Gyung-Min , Kim Yong-Giun , Yang Dong Hyun , Kang Joon-Won , Lim Tae-Hwan , Kim Hong-Kyu , Choe Jaewon , Lee Seung-Whan , Kim Young-Hak , Kim Shin-Jae , Lee Sang-Gon 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThis study evaluated the relationship of insulin resistance (IR) and glycemic control status to the presence and severity of coronary artery disease (CAD) according to diabetes. The relationship of IR parameters including homeostatic model assessment of IR (HOMA-IR), triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, and triglyceride-to-high density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (TG/HDL), and hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C) level to CAD and obstructive CAD was evaluated in 5,764 asymptomatic subjects who underwent coronary computed tomographic angiography. Non-diabetics (n = 4768) and diabetics (n = 996) were stratified into four groups based on the quartiles of HOMA-IR and the TyG index and were grouped based on the TG/HDL cut-offs of 3.5, respectively. CAD and obstructive CAD were defined as the presence of any plaques and plaques with ≥50% stenosis, respectively. The prevalence of CAD (59.0% vs. 39.0%) and obstructive CAD (15.0% vs. 6.6%) was higher in diabetic than in non-diabetic patients (p < 0.001, respectively). In non-diabetic patients, the adjusted odds ratio for both CAD and obstructive CAD significantly increased, but only with higher TyG index quartiles. Unlike non-diabetics, the adjusted odds ratio for obstructive CAD significantly increased in diabetic patients with a TG/HDL level ≥ 3.5. The HbA1C, rather than IR parameters, was independently associated with both CAD and obstructive CAD in diabetics. In conclusion, among IR parameters, TyG index was independently associated with the presence of CAD and obstructive CAD in non-diabetic patients. In contrast, the glycemic control status, rather than IR, was importantly related to both CAD and obstructive CAD in established diabetic patients.
Compensatory task-specific hypersensitivity in bilateral planum temporale and right superior temporal gyrus during auditory rhythm and omission processing in Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Vikene Kjetil , Skeie Geir Olve , Specht Karsten 
Published: September 2019

AbstractPersons with Parkinson’s disease have general timing deficits and have difficulties in rhythm discrimination tasks. The basal ganglia, a crucial part of Parkinson’s disease pathology, is believed to play an important role in rhythm and beat processing, with a possible modulation of basal ganglia activity by level of rhythmic complexity. As dysfunction in basal ganglia impacts function in other brain areas in Parkinson’s disease during temporal processing, investigating the neuronal basis for rhythm processing is important as it could shed light on the nature of basal ganglia dysfunction and compensatory mechanisms. We constructed an auditory beat-omission fMRI paradigm with two levels of rhythm complexity, to investigate if and where persons with Parkinson’s disease showed abnormal activation during rhythm and omission processing, and whether such activations were modulated by the level of rhythmic complexity. We found no effect of complexity, but found crucial group differences. For the processing of normal rhythm presentations, the Parkinson-group showed higher bilateral planum temporal activity, an area previously associated with the processing of complex patterns. For the omissions, the Parkinson-group showed higher activity in an area in the right superior temporal gyrus previously associated with detection of auditory omissions. We believe this shows a pattern of “hypersensitive” activity, indicative of task-specific, compensatory mechanisms in the processing of temporal auditory information in persons with Parkinson’s disease.
New perspectives for viability studies with high-content analysis Raman spectroscopy (HCA-RS)
Authors: Mondol Abdullah Saif , Töpfer Natalie , Rüger Jan , Neugebauer Ute , Popp Jürgen , Schie Iwan W. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractRaman spectroscopy has been widely used in clinical and molecular biological studies, providing high chemical specificity without the necessity of labels and with little-to-no sample preparation. However, currently performed Raman-based studies of eukaryotic cells are still very laborious and time-consuming, resulting in a low number of sampled cells and questionable statistical validations. Furthermore, the approach requires a trained specialist to perform and analyze the experiments, rendering the method less attractive for most laboratories. In this work, we present a new high-content analysis Raman spectroscopy (HCA-RS) platform that overcomes the current challenges of conventional Raman spectroscopy implementations. HCA-RS allows sampling of a large number of cells under different physiological conditions without any user interaction. The performance of the approach is successfully demonstrated by the development of a Raman-based cell viability assay, i.e., the effect of doxorubicin concentration on monocytic THP-1 cells. A statistical model, principal component analysis combined with support vector machine (PCA-SVM), was found to successfully predict the percentage of viable cells in a mixed population and is in good agreement to results obtained by a standard cell viability assay. This study demonstrates the potential of Raman spectroscopy as a standard high-throughput tool for clinical and biological applications.
Resonance phenomena controlled by external feedback signals and additive noise in neural systems
Authors: Nobukawa Sou , Shibata Natsusaku , Nishimura Haruhiko , Doho Hirotaka , Wagatsuma Nobuhiko , Yamanishi Teruya 
Published: September 2019

AbstractChaotic resonance is a phenomenon that can replace the fluctuation source in stochastic resonance from additive noise to chaos. We previously developed a method to control the chaotic state for suitably generating chaotic resonance by external feedback even when the external adjustment of chaos is difficult, establishing a method named reduced region of orbit (RRO) feedback. However, a feedback signal was utilized only for dividing the merged attractor. In addition, the signal sensitivity in chaotic resonance induced by feedback signals and that of stochastic resonance by additive noise have not been compared. To merge the separated attractor, we propose a negative strength of the RRO feedback signal in a discrete neural system which is composed of excitatory and inhibitory neurons. We evaluate the features of chaotic resonance and compare it to stochastic resonance. The RRO feedback signal with negative strength can merge the separated attractor and induce chaotic resonance. We also confirm that additive noise induces stochastic resonance through attractor merging. The comparison of these resonance modalities verifies that chaotic resonance provides more applicability than stochastic resonance given its capability to handle attractor separation and merging.
Myoferlin silencing inhibits VEGFR2-mediated proliferation of metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma
Authors: An Hyo Jung , Song Dae Hyun , Koh Hyun Min , Kim Yu-Min , Ko Gyung Hyuck , Lee Jeong-Hee , Lee Jong Sil , Yang Jung Wook , Kim Min Hye , Seo Deok Ha , Jang Se Min , Kim Dong Chul 
Published: September 2019

AbstractRecently, ramucirumab, a drug that targets vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR), was clinically approved; therefore, we evaluated VEGFR2 expression and its predictive roles in tumor progression in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (CCRCC). Since we do not have many options for treating aggressive renal cell carcinoma patients, the application of anti-VEGFR2 therapy might be useful. Myoferlin (MYOF) is a 230 kDa transmembrane multi-C2-domain protein that contributes to plasma membrane repair, fusion, and endocytosis and is overexpressed in several invasive cancer cell lines, including breast, pancreas, and malignant melanoma. It forms a complex with VEGFR2 to inhibit VEGFR2 degradation. In this study, a total of 152 patients who had undergone nephrectomy for CCRCC were enrolled. Based on tissue microarray (TMA) blocks, the positive intensity and high proportion of MYOF showed a statistically significant correlation with the negative intensity (p < 0.001) and low proportion (p < 0.001) of VEGFR2, respectively. In addition, Fuhrman’s nuclear grade ≥3 showed a significant correlation with VEGFR2 expression. In multivariate analysis, CCRCC patients with positive MYOF and negative VEGFR2 expression demonstrated poor clinical outcomes. We confirmed that positive MYOF expression and negative VEGFR2 expression were positively correlated in this CCRCC population. Knocking down MYOF in Caki-1 cells resulted in the downregulation of VEGFR2 at both mRNA and protein levels. Wound healing assays revealed that the loss of MYOF in Caki-1 cells decreased cell confluence compared to that in control cells. We demonstrated that MYOF influences cellular proliferation of the metastatic CCRCC cell line by regulating VEGFR2 degradation. Combined therapies targeting the MYOF and VEGFR2 pathways might be effective against metastatic CCRCC to increase patient survival.
ETHE1 and MOCS1 deficiencies: Disruption of mitochondrial bioenergetics, dynamics, redox homeostasis and endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria crosstalk in patient fibroblasts
Authors: Grings Mateus , Seminotti Bianca , Karunanidhi Anuradha , Ghaloul-Gonzalez Lina , Mohsen Al-Walid , Wipf Peter , Palmfeldt Johan , Vockley Jerry , Leipnitz Guilhian 
Published: September 2019

AbstractEthylmalonic encephalopathy protein 1 (ETHE1) and molybdenum cofactor (MoCo) deficiencies are hereditary disorders that affect the catabolism of sulfur-containing amino acids. ETHE1 deficiency is caused by mutations in the ETHE1 gene, while MoCo deficiency is due to mutations in one of three genes involved in MoCo biosynthesis (MOCS1, MOCS2 and GPHN). Patients with both disorders exhibit abnormalities of the mitochondrial respiratory chain, among other biochemical findings. However, the pathophysiology of the defects has not been elucidated. To characterize cellular derangements, mitochondrial bioenergetics, dynamics, endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-mitochondria communication, superoxide production and apoptosis were evaluated in fibroblasts from four patients with ETHE1 deficiency and one with MOCS1 deficiency. The effect of JP4-039, a promising mitochondrial-targeted antioxidant, was also tested on cells. Our data show that mitochondrial respiration was decreased in all patient cell lines. ATP depletion and increased mitochondrial mass was identified in the same cells, while variable alterations in mitochondrial fusion and fission were seen. High superoxide levels were found in all cells and were decreased by treatment with JP4-039, while the respiratory chain activity was increased by this antioxidant in cells in which it was impaired. The content of VDAC1 and IP3R, proteins involved in ER-mitochondria communication, was decreased, while DDIT3, a marker of ER stress, and apoptosis were increased in all cell lines. These data demonstrate that previously unrecognized broad disturbances of cellular function are involved in the pathophysiology of ETHE1 and MOCS1 deficiencies, and that reduction of mitochondrial superoxide by JP4-039 is a promising strategy for adjuvant therapy of these disorders.
A novel metabarcoding diagnostic tool to explore protozoan haemoparasite diversity in mammals: a proof-of-concept study using canines from the tropics
Authors: Huggins Lucas G. , Koehler Anson V. , Ng-Nguyen Dinh , Wilcox Stephen , Schunack Bettina , Inpankaew Tawin , Traub Rebecca J. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractHaemoparasites are responsible for some of the most prevalent and debilitating canine illnesses across the globe, whilst also posing a significant zoonotic risk to humankind. Nowhere are the effects of such parasites more pronounced than in developing countries in the tropics where the abundance and diversity of ectoparasites that transmit these pathogens reaches its zenith. Here we describe the use of a novel next-generation sequencing (NGS) metabarcoding based approach to screen for a range of blood-borne apicomplexan and kinetoplastid parasites from populations of temple dogs in Bangkok, Thailand. Our methodology elucidated high rates of Hepatozoon canis and Babesia vogeli infection, whilst also being able to characterise co-infections. In addition, our approach was confirmed to be more sensitive than conventional endpoint PCR diagnostic methods. Two kinetoplastid infections were also detected, including one by Trypanosoma evansi, a pathogen that is rarely screened for in dogs and another by Parabodo caudatus, a poorly documented organism that has been previously reported inhabiting the urinary tract of a dog with haematuria. Such results demonstrate the power of NGS methodologies to unearth rare and unusual pathogens, especially in regions of the world where limited information on canine vector-borne haemoparasites exist.
Cochlear Glucocorticoid Receptor and Serum Corticosterone Expression in a Rodent Model of Noise-induced Hearing Loss: Comparison of Timing of Dexamethasone Administration
Authors: Lee Seung-Hun , Lyu Ah-Ra , Shin Sun-Ae , Jeong Seong-Hun , Lee Sun-A , Park Min Jung , Park Yong-Ho 
Published: September 2019

AbstractGlucocorticoid (GC) is a steroid hormone secreted from the adrenal cortex in response to stress, which acts by binding to cytoplasmic glucocorticoid receptors (GRs). Dexamethasone (DEX) is a synthetic GC exhibiting immunosuppressive effects in both human and rodent models of hearing loss. While clinical evidence has shown the effectiveness of DEX for treatment of various inner ear diseases, its mechanisms of action and the optimal timing of treatment are not well understood. In the present study, intergroup comparisons were conducted based on the time point of treatment with DEX: (1) pretreatment; (2) posttreatment; and (3) pre&post-noise. The pre&post DEX treatment group showed a significant improvement in threshold shift at 1 day post-noise exposure as compared to the TTS (transient threshold shift)-only group at 8 and 16 kHz. Both TTS and PTS (permanent threshold shift) significantly reduced cochlear GR mRNA expression and increased serum corticosterone and cochlear inflammatory cytokines. The pre&post DEX treatment group showed a significant decrease in serum corticosterone level as compared to other DEX treatment groups and TTS-treated group at 3 days after acoustic trauma. Our results suggest that the timing of DEX administration differentially modulates systemic steroid levels, GR expression and cochlear cytokine expression.
Adaptive migration promotes food web persistence
Authors: Mougi A. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractInteractions between diverse species that coexist in nature are of utmost interest in the field of ecology. Recent theoretical studies have shown that spatiality plays a key role in maintaining complex systems with multiple differing species. In these models, however, organisms move among habitats randomly, implying that some organisms migrate from areas of higher fitness to areas of lower fitness in a maladaptive way. Herein, a meta-community model of a food web shows that adaptive movements by organisms can play key roles in maintaining large ecological communities. Without adaptive dispersal, species are not likely to persist across habitats, particularly when systems have few habitats where local food webs are strongly coupled by high migration rates. However, adaptive dispersers can improve such low persistence greatly. By abandoning unfavourable habitats for favourable habitats, dispersers prevent regional extinction at the price of local extinction and increase their total numbers further. Hence, the inherent stabilising effect of spatiality may be larger than that expected from theoretical random movement models.