bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Popular assemblies as historical prototypes of parliamentarism
Authors: Tonkov E. E. , Khmelevskaya I. G. 
Published: November 2024

Relevance. The emergence of parliamentary mechanisms in the European space is the result of a strong political and legal tradition. Before parliaments acquired the status of state structures, society developed special representative institutions - prototypes of parliamentarism, which are rightly considered popular assemblies. The analysis of their legal status and functionality is a promising scientific direction, as it allows us to generate regularities and factors of parliamentarism as a unique category. Purpose: generalization of retrospective experience of people’s assemblies in the context of their positioning as proto-parliamentary models. Objectives: to study the empirical basis for the functioning of popular assemblies in the format of ecclesia, commissions, tings and veche, to determine the «points of influence» of these structures on the fixation of parliamentary values in national legal orders.Methodology. The methodology of the research is represented by a combination of general scientific, private scientific and special legal methods, among which the comparative legal method is of particular importance.Results. The results of the study are of theoretical and applied nature and consist in a summarized view of the competence toolkit of popular assemblies operating in different historical periods on the territory of the European continent and their role in the subsequent establishment of parliamentary principles.Conclusions. Popular assemblies in the format of ecclesia, commissions, tings and veche, accompanying the development of the state system of various countries and epochs, were peculiar stimuli for the formation of parliamentarism, which acquired a stable reputation as the social architecture became more complex and deliberative structures were introduced into the managerial conjuncture. The experience of people's assemblies largely predetermined the further emergence of parliaments as a natural result of the development of social relations.
Minor theft committed from oil, oil product and gas pipelines
Authors: Pleshakov A. M. , Tumanov A. S. 
Published: November 2024

Relevance. The article deals with the issues of insignificance of the act, stipulated by item. "b" part 3 part 3 of article 158 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. The grounds and conditions of the grounds and conditions of insignificance of thefts. On the basis of the study of judicial practice are outlined peculiarities of application of the provisions on insignificance to theft of hydrocarbon raw materials from the pipeline raw materials.Purpose: to study the possibility and conditions of applying the provisions of part 2 of article 14 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation to the theft committed from an oil pipeline to theft committed from an oil pipeline, oil product pipeline and gas pipeline (item "b", part 3, article 158 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation).Objectives: study and identification of conditions of application of insignificance of a deed to the theft from pipelines on the basis of analysis of modern judicial practice and provisions of doctrine of criminal law. Methodology. The methodological basis of the study was the general dialectical method of scientific cognition. of scientific cognition. The author used such private methods as: Formal-legal, sociological and method of legal modelling.Results. The authors analyzed and summarized the conditions, distinguished in the theory of criminal law, under which a specific socially dangerous act can be recognized as insignificant and projected on theft committed from an oil pipeline, petroleum product pipeline, petroleum product pipeline. oil, oil product and gas pipelines, and studied the materials of materials of judicial and investigative practice on the termination of criminal cases on theft of raw materials from the thefts of raw materials from pipelines due to insignificance, the author's conditional criteria were singled out criteria under which the theft of oil, oil products or gas can be considered a low-value act. as an insignificant act.Conclusion: the individual danger of a specific fact of theft from pipelines in some situations may not correspond to the level of criminal danger, which the legislator has laid down in the relevant act as a result of its criminalization. The conducted research allows us to determine the approximate mandatory and optional signs for recognizing theft from pipelines as insignificant.
Military censorship in Russia in 1914‒1918: structure, features of work, documentary legacy
Authors: Bogomolov I. K. 
Published: November 2024

The relevance of the research topic is related to the continuing problems of control and access to information in the modern information society.The purpose of the study is to provide a systematic understanding of military censorship in Russia in 1914-1918 in the context of the development of the late Imperial state mechanism. Objectives analysis of the structure, activities, and personnel of military censorship in Russia during the First World War; concentration of currently available information on documents of military censorship stored in various Russian and foreign archives.Methodology. The historical and typological method was used to analyze the structure and functions of military censorship, and the historical and genetic method was used to study its development during the First World War. The study of the personnel, the peculiarities of the work of different areas of censorship was carried out using the historical and comparative method.Results. The paper analyzes the legislative framework, structure and directions of military censorship in Russia during the First World War. It is shown that military censorship was a complex, multi-level structure that had no unity of command and included representatives of different, sometimes conflicting departments. These features led to the «scattering» of the documentary heritage of the military censorship authorities in numerous collections of Russian and foreign archives.Conclusions. The complexity of the structure of military censorship created numerous difficulties in the practice of censorship control. The chronic disadvantages of Russian censorship during the First world war years were contradictory decisions, inconsistency and insufficient elaboration of the regulatory framework, which often led to the use of military censorship for purely political purposes (for example, to censor speeches by opposition Duma deputies). The problems of military censorship were aggravated by a chronic shortage of funding, shortage and high turn-over of personnel. As a result, instead of becoming an effective tool in the hands of the government, military censor-ship became one of the factors of the political crisis in Russia on the eve of the Russian revolution.
Participation of citizens in the court consideration of criminal cases against minors
Authors: Markovicheva E. V. , Kogut A. A. 
Published: November 2024

Relevance. Citizen participation in the administration of justice increases the openness of legal proceedings and the level of citizen confidence in the judicial system. At the same time, the right of the accused to have their criminal case examined by a court with the participation of representatives of the people is ensured. However, the involvement of non-professional judges in considering criminal cases is always associated with several organizational and procedural problems. To prevent and solve such problems in the criminal process of individual states, restrictions may be introduced on the jurisdiction of criminal cases in courts with the participation of representatives of the people, and specific considerations of certain categories of cases may be provided for. Such specific criminal cases include criminal cases against minors. There is an ongoing debate among Russian scientists and practitioners regarding the possibility of a juvenile defendant exercising the right to have their criminal case heard by a court with the participation of a jury.Purpose: disclosure of historical and modern approaches to the participation of citizens as lay judges in criminal cases involving minors.Objective: to reveal historical and modern approaches to the participation of representatives of the people in the consideration of criminal cases; to identify the possibilities and features of consideration of criminal cases against minors by the court with the participation of citizens; justify the feasibility of forming in the Russian criminal process a special system for considering criminal cases with the participation of representatives of the people.Methodology. In the process of working on the study, comparative-legal, formal-legal methods, and general scientific methods of cognition (analysis, synthesis, analogy) were used.Results. There are proposals formulated to adjust doctrinal and normative approaches to the consideration of criminal cases against minors with the participation of lay judges.Conclusion. The existing model of criminal proceedings with the participation of a jury does not consider the specifics of criminal cases against minors. However, expanding opportunities for citizens to participate in the consideration of this particular category of criminal cases is socially significant. A constructive discussion is required regarding the development of a model for considering criminal cases against minors with the involvement of lay judges.
Completeness of Telehealth Interventions Reporting in Randomized Controlled Trials for Caregivers of People With Dementia: Systematic Review
Authors: Zhu Ling , Xing Yurong , Xu Wenhui , Jia Hongfei , Wang Xiaoxiao , Liu Shiqing , Ding Yaping 
Published: November 2024

Background
Telehealth interventions can effectively support caregivers of people with dementia by providing care and improving their health outcomes. However, to successfully translate research into clinical practice, the content and details of the interventions must be sufficiently reported in published papers.

Objective
This study aims to evaluate the completeness of a telehealth intervention reporting in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) conducted for caregivers of people with dementia.

Methods
A systematic search of relevant papers was conducted on July 26, 2023, in 9 electronic databases. RCTs of telehealth interventions for caregivers of people with dementia were included. Two independent researchers extracted the descriptive information and assessed the methodological quality (Cochrane risk of bias tool) and the completeness of reporting of the intervention by using the Template for Intervention Description and Replication (TIDieR)-Telehealth checklist, which consists of 12 items.

Results
Thirty-eight eligible RCTs were included finally, and the overall quality of the studies was assessed as moderate. None of the studies completely reported all the TIDieR-Telehealth items. The most frequently reported items were the brief trial name (35/38, 92%), rationale (38/38, 100%), materials and procedures (35/38, 92%), and the modes of delivery (34/38, 90%). The least reported items were the type of location (0/38, 0%), modifications (4/38, 11%), and assessment and improvement of fidelity (9/38, 24%).

Conclusions
Many details of the telehealth interventions in RCTs are reported incompletely. Greater adherence to the TIDieR-Telehealth checklist is essential for improving the reporting quality and for facilitating replicability, which has substantial implications for translation into clinical practice.
Identification of Intracranial Germ Cell Tumors Based on Facial Photos: Exploratory Study on the Use of Deep Learning for Software Development
Authors: Li Yanong , He Yixuan , Liu Yawei , Wang Bingchen , Li Bo , Qiu Xiaoguang 
Published: November 2024

Background
Primary intracranial germ cell tumors (iGCTs) are highly malignant brain tumors that predominantly occur in children and adolescents, with an incidence rate ranking third among primary brain tumors in East Asia (8%-15%). Due to their insidious onset and impact on critical functional areas of the brain, these tumors often result in irreversible abnormalities in growth and development, as well as cognitive and motor impairments in affected children. Therefore, early diagnosis through advanced screening techniques is vital for improving patient outcomes and quality of life.

Objective
This study aimed to investigate the application of facial recognition technology in the early detection of iGCTs in children and adolescents. Early diagnosis through advanced screening techniques is vital for improving patient outcomes and quality of life.

Methods
A multicenter, phased approach was adopted for the development and validation of a deep learning model, GVisageNet, dedicated to the screening of midline brain tumors from normal controls (NCs) and iGCTs from other midline brain tumors. The study comprised the collection and division of datasets into training (n=847, iGCTs=358, NCs=300, other midline brain tumors=189) and testing (n=212, iGCTs=79, NCs=70, other midline brain tumors=63), with an additional independent validation dataset (n=336, iGCTs=130, NCs=100, other midline brain tumors=106) sourced from 4 medical institutions. A regression model using clinically relevant, statistically significant data was developed and combined with GVisageNet outputs to create a hybrid model. This integration sought to assess the incremental value of clinical data. The model’s predictive mechanisms were explored through correlation analyses with endocrine indicators and stratified evaluations based on the degree of hypothalamic-pituitary-target axis damage. Performance metrics included area under the curve (AUC), accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity.

Results
On the independent validation dataset, GVisageNet achieved an AUC of 0.938 (P<.01) in distinguishing midline brain tumors from NCs. Further, GVisageNet demonstrated significant diagnostic capability in distinguishing iGCTs from the other midline brain tumors, achieving an AUC of 0.739, which is superior to the regression model alone (AUC=0.632, P<.001) but less than the hybrid model (AUC=0.789, P=.04). Significant correlations were found between the GVisageNet’s outputs and 7 endocrine indicators. Performance varied with hypothalamic-pituitary-target axis damage, indicating a further understanding of the working mechanism of GVisageNet.

Conclusions
GVisageNet, capable of high accuracy both independently and with clinical data, shows substantial potential for early iGCTs detection, highlighting the importance of combining deep learning with clinical insights for personalized health care.
Challenges and Strategies Adopted for Remote Teaching of Biochemistry During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Protocol for a Scoping Review
Authors: Iembo Tatiane , Cristóvão Helena Landim Gonçalves , Santos Emerson Roberto dos , Cristóvão André Bavaresco Gonçalves , Cristóvão Nathália Bavaresco Gonçalves , Martins Cíntia Canato , Castro Natália Almeida de Arnaldo Silva Rodrigues , Facio Júnior Fernando Nestor , Oliani Antônio Hélio , Lima Alba Regina de Abreu , Brienze Vânia Maria Sabadoto , Souza Doroteia Rossi Silva , André Júlio César 
Published: November 2024

Background
In March 2020, the global landscape witnessed widespread upheavals in both socioeconomic and educational spheres due to the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. With measures imposed to control the virus’s spread, educational institutions around the world embraced digital learning, introducing challenges in the adaptation to virtual education. This shift proved especially daunting in resource-limited nations with limited digital infrastructure.

Objective
This scoping review aims to explore the experiences of biochemistry educators during the COVID-19 pandemic, focusing on successful pedagogical strategies used to overcome challenges in remote teaching. The goal is to compile valuable information applicable to health-related undergraduate and postgraduate courses.

Methods
This review considers studies and experiences related to the transition to remote biochemistry education during the pandemic. It encompasses a variety of pedagogical approaches, including online teaching tools, interactive methods, and alternatives to practical laboratory classes. The search spans databases such as MEDLINE, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Evidence Synthesis, with a focus on identifying systematic or scoping reviews; however, none were identified in the preliminary search.

Results
Starting in February 2022, the scoping review protocol was scheduled for completion by July 2024. From an initial pool of 1171 results, 85 articles were selected, with duplicate verification pending for the subsequent phase of the project. The findings from this review on biochemistry teaching strategies will be communicated using a combination of descriptive narrative, graphical, and tabular formats, emphasizing diverse pedagogical approaches pertinent to the subject. Dissemination will occur through regional and national scientific conference presentations, alongside publication in a peer-reviewed journal.

Conclusions
This review aims to generate innovative pedagogical approaches and pinpoint learning activities, materials, and tools that support social and collaborative learning across various subjects, including biochemistry. Moreover, it will offer perspectives from students and educators on the implemented activities, with the intention of integrating them as supplementary methods to boost student participation, and thereby, improve learning outcomes and skill development.

Trial Registration
Open Science Framework VZSA7; https://osf.io/VZSA7/

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
DERR1-10.2196/59552
Impact of Telehealth on Health Disparities Associated With Travel Time to Hospital for Patients With Recurrent Admissions: 4-Year Panel Data Analysis
Authors: Tao Youyou , Vo Ace , Wu Dezhi , Lin Junyuan , Seal Kala , Mishra Abhay , Brahma Arindam 
Published: November 2024

Background
Geographic, demographic, and socioeconomic differences in health outcomes persist despite the global focus on these issues by health organizations. Barriers to accessing care contribute significantly to these health disparities. Among these barriers, those related to travel time—the time required for patients to travel from their residences to health facilities—remain understudied compared with others.

Objective
This study aimed to explore the impact of telehealth in addressing health disparities associated with travel time to hospitals for patients with recurrent hospital admissions. It specifically examined the role of telehealth in reducing in-hospital length of stay (LOS) for patients living farther from the hospital.

Methods
We sourced the data from 4 datasets, and our final effective sample consisted of 1,600,699 admissions from 536,182 patients from 63 hospitals in New York and Florida in the United States from 2012 to 2015. We applied fixed-effect models to examine the direct effects and the interaction between telehealth and patients’ travel time to hospitals on LOS. We further conducted a series of robustness checks to validate our main models and performed post hoc analyses to explore the different effects of telehealth across various patient groups.

Results
Our summary statistics show that, on average, 22.08% (353,396/1,600,699) of patients were admitted to a hospital with telehealth adopted, with an average LOS of 5.57 (SD 5.06) days and an average travel time of about 16.89 (SD 13.32) minutes. We found that telehealth adoption is associated with a reduced LOS (P<.001) and this effect is especially pronounced as the patients’ drive time to the hospital increases. Specifically, the coefficient for drive time is –0.0079 (P<.001), indicating that for every additional minute of driving time, there is a decrease of 0.0079 days (approximately 11 minutes) in the expected LOS. We also found that telehealth adoption has a larger impact on patients frequently needing health services, patients living in high internet coverage areas, and patients who have high virtualization potential diseases.

Conclusions
Our findings suggest that telehealth adoption can mitigate certain health disparities for patients living farther from hospitals. This study provides key insights for health care practitioners and policy makers on telehealth’s role in addressing distance-related disparities and planning health care resources. It also has practical implications for hospitals in resource-limited countries that are in the early stages of implementing telehealth.
Pemanfaatan Limbah Biomassa Pertanian Menjadi Kompos Melalui Keterlibatan Masyarakat di Desa Pakuan Ratu, Way Kanan
Authors: Buhani Buhani , Kiswandono Agung Abadi , Rinawati Rinawati , Suharso Suharso , Nurhasanah Nurhasanah , Juliasih Ni Luh Gede Ratna 
Published: November 2024

Rendahnya keterlibatan masyarakat dalam pengelolaan sampah/limbah biomassa pertanian dan perkebunan menunjukkan perlunya upaya yang intensif dan berkelanjutan untuk meningkatkan partisipasi masyarakat dalam pengelolaan sampah di lingkungannya secara mandiri. Kegiatan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Unggulan (PKMU) telah dilaksanakan di Desa Pakuan Ratu, Kabupaten Way Kanan, bertujuan untuk mengubah dan meningkatkan paradigma masyarakat terhadap pengelolaan menjadi pupuk/kompos secara mandiri berbasis partisipasi aktif masyarakat. Potensialnya limbah biomassa pertanian dan perkebunan seperti cangkang buah kakao, cangkang buah kopi, dan serat kelapa untuk dijadikan pupuk organik yang berguna dalam meningkatkan kesuburan dan memperbaiki struktur tanah. Evaluasi menunjukkan bahwa program PKMU berhasil meningkatkan pemahaman masyarakat dalam mengenali, menyadari, dan mengimplementasikan pengolahan limbah biomassa.
Pelatihan Literasi Digital dan Aplikasi Canva bagi Siswa-Siswi SMA BIMA Kecamatan Ambulu Kabupaten Jember
Authors: Sari Vega Kartika , Rusdiana Riza Yuli , Sa’diyah Halimatus , Hariyono Kacung , Hartatik Sri , Andreano Rio Tito , Maulana Muhammad Irfan , Fikri Hasan 
Published: November 2024

Perkembangan teknologi saat ini sangat pesat dan kompetensi digital menjadi hal yang penting bagi peserta didik. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk mensosialisasikan pentingnya literasi digital dan pengenalan serta praktek penggunan aplikasi Canva. Peserta kegiatan ini adalah siswa-siswi SMA Bima Ambulu. Metode pelaksanaan meliputi persiapan, pelaksanaan, dan evaluasi. Sosialisasi yang disampaikan tentang pentingnya literasi digital dan manfaat penggunaan Canva. Kegiatan dilanjutkan dengan praktek menggunakan Canva untuk membuat powerpoint dan poster. Evaluasi dilakukan melalui pre dan posttest, serta tugas individu. Kegiatan ini dikatakan berhasil karena terdapat peningkatan pengetahuan dan keterampilan peserta. Keberhasilan kegiatan karena antusias peserta, serta dukungan dari pihak sekolah.