bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic performance of electrocardiographic criteria for left ventricular hypertrophy among various body mass index groups compared to diagnosis by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Nomsawadi Veerawat , Krittayaphong Rungroj 
Published: February 2019

AbstractBackgroundPresence of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) increases the risk for cardiovascular event. Many electrocardiographic (ECG) criteria can be used to diagnose LVH; however, high body mass index (BMI) may reduce ECG amplitudes.The aim of this study was to investigate the diagnostic performance of ECG criteria for diagnosing LVH among various BMI groups compared to diagnosis by cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging.MethodsPatients who were referred for CMR were enrolled. CMR and ECG were performed on the same day. Left ventricular function, volume, and mass were calculated from CMR. Standard ECG criteria were measured, including: Cornell voltage, Cornell product, Romhilt‐Estes point score system, Sokolow‐Lyon index, and Sokolow‐Lyon‐Rappaport index. Diagnostic performance of each ECG criterion was calculated and analyzed in the following four BMI groups: underweight (<18.5 kg/m2), normal (18.5–22.9 kg/m2), overweight (23–24.9 kg/m2), and obese (≥25 kg/m2).ResultsOf the 1,882 patients that were included, 67 were underweight, 459 were normal weight, 434 were overweight, and 922 were obese. LVH was diagnosed in 34 (50.7%) underweight, 144 (31.4%) normal weight, 100 (23.0%) overweight, and 181 (19.6%) obese patients. Overall specificity of ECG was high (0.89–0.95), and overall sensitivity was low (0.25–0.37). The specificity of each ECG criterion was similar among BMI groups; however, the sensitivity of ECG criteria demonstrated a decreasing trend in the higher BMI groups.ConclusionAll ECG criteria demonstrated relatively high specificity and relatively low sensitivity. Although the specificity across groups remained similar, higher BMI was found to be associated with decreased sensitivity.
Balloon catheter for induction of labor in women with one previous cesarean and an unfavorable cervix
Authors: Huisman Claartje M. A. , ten Eikelder Mieke L. G. , Mast Kelly , Oude Rengerink Katrien , Jozwiak Marta , van Dunné Frédérique , Duvekot Johannes J. , van Eyck Jim , Gaugler‐Senden Ingrid , de Groot Christianne J. M. , Franssen Maureen T. M. , van Gemund Nicolette , Langenveld Josje , de Leeuw Jan Willem , Oude Lohuis Eefje J. , Oudijk Martijn A. , Papatsonis Dimitri , van Pampus Mariëlle , Porath Martina , Rombout‐de Weerd Sabina , van Roosmalen Jos J. , van der Salm Paulien C. M. , Scheepers Hubertina C. J. , Sikkema Marko J. , Sporken Jan , Stigter Rob H. , van Wijngaarden Wim J. , Woiski Mallory , Mol Ben Willem J. , Bloemenkamp Kitty W. M. ,   The PROBAAT‐S project group
Published: February 2019

AbstractIntroductionWhen women with a previous cesarean section and an unfavorable cervix have an indication for delivery, the choice is to induce labor or to perform a cesarean section. This study aims to assess the effectiveness and safety of a balloon catheter as a method of induction of labor in women with one previous cesarean section and an unfavorable cervix compared with an elective repeat cesarean section.Material and methodsWe performed a prospective cohort study in 51 hospitals in the Netherlands on term women with one previous cesarean section, a live singleton fetus in cephalic position, an unfavorable cervix and an indication for delivery. We recorded obstetric, maternal and neonatal characteristics. We compared the outcome of women who were induced with a balloon catheter with the outcome of women who delivered by elective repeat cesarean section. Main outcomes were maternal and neonatal morbidity. Mode of delivery was a secondary outcome for women who were induced. Adjusted odds ratios (aOR) were calculated using logistic regression, adjusted for potential confounders.ResultsAnalysis was performed on 993 women who were induced and 321 women who had a repeat cesarean section (August 2011 until September 2012). Among the women who were induced, 560 (56.4%) delivered vaginally and 11 (1.1%) sustained a uterine rupture. Composite adverse maternal outcome (uterine rupture, severe postpartum hemorrhage or postpartum infection) occurred in 73 (7.4%) in the balloon and 14 (4.5%) women in the repeat cesarean section group (aOR 1.58, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.85‐2.96). Composite adverse neonatal outcome (Apgar score <7 at 5 minutes or umbilical pH <7.10) occurred in 57 (5.7%) and 10 (3.2%) neonates, respectively (aOR 1.40, 95% CI 0.87‐3.48). Women who were induced had a shorter postpartum admission time (2.0 vs 3.0 days (P < 0.0001)).ConclusionsIn women with a previous cesarean section and a need for delivery, induction of labor with a balloon catheter does not result in a significant increase in adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes as compared with planned cesarean section.
An update on prevalence and risk of snus and nicotine replacement therapy during pregnancy and breastfeeding
Authors: Kreyberg I , Nordhagen L S , Bains K E S , Alexander J , Becher R , Carlsen K H , Glavin K , Carlsen K C L 
Published: February 2019

AbstractAimIn parallel with falling smoking rates, use of the oral moist tobacco product snus increases among women in reproductive age. We report an update on prevalence and effects of maternal use of snus and nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) during pregnancy and breastfeeding.MethodsA literature search of human studies in Medline, PubMed and EMBASE was conducted from September 2016 to May 2018, with stepwise screening of abstracts and subsequent relevant full‐text papers for inclusion in Scandinavian and English languages.ResultsBased on three studies, the prevalence of snus use in pregnancy was up to 3.4% in the first trimester and 2.1% in the third trimester. In 12 studies, we found increased risk of several adverse effects, especially preterm delivery, stillbirth and small for gestational age associated with maternal snus use during pregnancy. Knowledge on effects of NRT during pregnancy was conflicting and inconclusive in 10 studies. We did not identify any studies on prevalence or potential health effects of snus or NRT during breastfeeding.ConclusionFew studies with updated data on the prevalence and adverse health effects of maternal use of snus and NRT during pregnancy were found. No studies during breastfeeding were identified.
Maternal holding during therapeutic hypothermia for infants with neonatal encephalopathy is feasible
Authors: Craig Alexa , Deerwester Kyle , Fox Leah , Jacobs Julia , Evans Scott 
Published: February 2019

AbstractAimConcerns for infant destabilisation often prohibit parental holding of infants during therapeutic hypothermia (TH). We assessed the feasibility of maternal holding during TH, as the inability to hold can impede bonding.MethodsVital signs were assessed in stable infants before, at two‐minute intervals during and 30 minutes after a single 30‐minute holding session. The infant remained on the blanket throughout holding, and both infant and blanket were placed into the mother's arms on top of a thin foam insulating barrier. Mothers and nurses were surveyed about their experience.ResultsTen infants undergoing TH for neonatal encephalopathy had no equipment malfunctions or dislodgement. The mean temperature was 33.4°C prior to and 33.5°C (p = 0.18) after holding. There was no significant bradycardia (heart rate <80 beats per minute), hypotension (mean arterial pressure <40 mm Hg) or oxygen desaturation (<93%). Nurses either strongly agreed (75%) or agreed (25%) with the statement ‘After assisting with the holding protocol, I feel that holding during cooling is safe’. Mothers (100%) strongly agreed that other parents would benefit from holding.ConclusionIn a small sample of ten stable infants treated with TH for neonatal encephalopathy, holding resulted in no adverse events and positive feedback from mothers and nurses.
Efficacy and safety of sapropterin dihydrochloride in patients with phenylketonuria: A meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Qu Jinghan , Yang Ting , Wang Ente , Li Min , Chen Chaoyang , Ma Lingyun , Zhou Ying , Cui Yimin 
Published: February 2019

AimsThe aim of the present meta‐analysis was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of sapropterin dihydrochloride in phenylketonuria (PKU) patients.MethodsThe following databases were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCT) regarding PKU patients treated with sapropterin dihydrochloride: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library and clinicaltrials. Two authors independently selected studies, assessed the risk of bias and extracted data. The meta‐analysis was performed in RevMan 5.3 provided by the Cochrane Collaboration.ResultsFour studies met the inclusion criteria. In PKU patients with low blood phenylalanine (Phe) concentration, no significant difference was indicated for the decrease of Phe level (weighted mean difference (WMD) = −7.75 μmol L−1; 95% confidence intervals (CI): −82.63 to 67.13, P = 0.84, I2 = 0%), however, the dietary Phe tolerance was significantly improved in the sapropterin group (WMD = 19.89 mg kg−1 d−1; 95% CI: 10.26 to 29.52, P < 0.0001, I2 = 0%). In PKU patients with high blood Phe level, sapropterin showed a significant lowering in blood Phe concentration (WMD = −225.31 μmol L−1; 95% CI: −312.28 to −138.34, P < 0.00001, I2 = 0%). There was no significant difference for adverse events.ConclusionsSapropterin could bring benefit for PKU patients with high or low Phe level, due to Phe reduction in a short time or dietary Phe tolerance improvement respectively. Sapropterin has an acceptable safety profile.
Why some are more equal: Family firm heterogeneity and the effect on management’s attention to CSR
Authors: Fehre Kerstin , Weber Florian 
Published: February 2019

AbstractResearch at the family firm–Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) nexus lacks agreement about whether family firms are more or less socially responsible than their non‐family counterparts, which leads discussion relating to the bright and dark side of socioemotional wealth (SEW). We add to this ongoing debate in two different ways. First, we build on family firm heterogeneity and argue for a gray side to SEW, located between the bright and dark sides that is dependent upon the kind of family firm ownership. Second, we assume that prior research on a diverse set of CSR behaviors may, to some extent, explain the contradicting results; thus, we propose going back a step and focusing on management’s attention to CSR as an important antecedent of CSR behavior. By analyzing the letters to the shareholders of German HDAX firms from 2003 to 2012, this study finds that family ownership positively affects management’s attention to CSR, mainly driven by founders and family foundations. The research adds to our understanding of the family firm–CSR nexus by scrutinizing the role SEW plays in management’s attention to CSR when it comes to family firm heterogeneity.
Female reproductive factors and risk of lymphoid neoplasm: The Japan Public Health Center‐based Prospective Study
Authors: Tanaka Shiori , Sawada Norie , Yamaji Taiki , Shimazu Taichi , Goto Atsushi , Iwasaki Motoki , Inoue Manami , Tsugane Shoichiro ,   for the JPHC Study Group
Published: February 2019

Although a possible role of reproductive factors in lymphomagenesis has been hypothesized, results of epidemiological studies have been inconsistent. Here, we investigated the association between reproductive factors and the risk of lymphoid neoplasm and its subgroups. We used data from a large‐scale, population‐based prospective study in a Japanese cohort with 42 691 eligible women aged 40‐69 years from 1990 to 1994. During a mean follow up of 18.7 years, we identified 176 cases of lymphoid neoplasm and 90 of non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). A multivariable‐adjusted Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for the risk of lymphoid neoplasms and its subgroups according to self‐reported reproductive factors. Parous women had an increased risk of lymphoid neoplasm compared with nulliparous women (HR = 2.51, 95% CI, 1.03‐6.13). An increased risk of lymphoid neoplasms was found in women with later onset of menarche (≤13 years old; reference: 14‐15; HR = 1.75, 95% CI = 1.10‐2.79: ≥16; HR = 1.93, 95% CI = 1.17‐3.19: P‐trend: 0.01) and a shorter menstrual cycle (28‐29 days; reference: ≤27; HR = 1.60, 95% CI = 1.05‐2.43, P‐trend = 0.81). No association was observed between lymphoid neoplasms and other reproductive factors, including age at first birth, breastfeeding, type of menopause, or exogenous hormone use. Our study suggests that ever parity, late age at menarche and a short menstrual cycle length may be associated with the development of lymphoid neoplasms. The inconsistency seen in epidemiological research to date warrants further investigation.
Levels of horse allergen Equ c 4 in dander and saliva from ten horse breeds
Authors: Victor Susanne , Binnmyr Jonas , Lampa Erik , Rask‐Andersen Anna , Elfman Lena 
Published: February 2019

SummaryBackgroundHorses are an important source of allergens, but the distribution of horse allergens is poorly understood. Five horse allergens have been identified, Equ c 1‐4 and 6. Equ c 4 seems to be an important allergen, with an IgE‐binding frequency of 77% in horse‐sensitized individuals.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to investigate levels of horse allergen Equ c 4 in dander, saliva and urine from ten horse breeds.MethodThe study population included 170 horses (87 mares, 27 stallions, 56 geldings) from ten breeds. Horse dander, saliva and urine samples were collected. Levels of horse allergen Equ c 4 were quantified using a two‐site sandwich ELISA (mAb 103 and 14G4) and were expressed as Equ c 4 U/μg protein.ResultsThe horse allergen Equ c 4 was present in all dander and saliva samples from ten horse breeds, with high within‐breed and inter‐breed variations; GM values were 639 Equ c 4 U/μg protein (range 5‐15 264) for dander and 39.5 (4‐263) for saliva. Equ c 4 was found in 19/21 urine samples. Adjusted for age, sex and changes over time, no differences between breeds could be seen in dander, while in saliva the North Swedish horse showed lower levels of Equ c 4 than any other breed. The levels of Equ c 4 protein in dander and saliva were significantly higher in samples from stallions compared to mares and geldings, independent of breed.Conclusions and Clinical RelevanceThe results show a high variability in allergen levels of Equ c 4 in dander and saliva both within and between breeds. Significantly higher levels were found in stallions compared to mares and geldings, independent of breed. Results suggest that none of the horse breeds studied can be recommended for individuals allergic to Equ c 4.
11C‐Metomidate PET/CT is a useful adjunct for lateralization of primary aldosteronism in routine clinical practice
Authors: O’Shea Paula M. , O’Donoghue Darragh , Bashari Waiel , Senanayake Russell , Joyce Mary B. , Powlson Andrew S. , Browne Darragh , O’Sullivan Gerard J. , Cheow Heok , Mendichovszky Iosif , Quill Denis , Lowery Aoife , Lappin David , Gurnell Mark , Dennedy Michael C. 
Published: February 2019

SummaryObjectiveTo describe clinical practice experience of 11C‐Metomidate PET/CT as an adjunct to adrenal vein sampling (AVS) in the lateralization of aldosterone‐producing adenomas (APA) in primary aldosteronism (PA).ContextAccurate lateralization of APA in the setting of PA offers the potential for surgical cure and improved long‐term cardiovascular outcomes. Challenges associated with AVS, the current gold standard lateralization modality, mean that only a small proportion of potentially eligible patients currently make it through to surgery. This has prompted consideration of alternative strategies for lateralization, including the application of novel molecular PET tracers such as 11C‐Metomidate.DesignClinical Service Evaluation/Retrospective audit.PatientsFifteen individuals with a confirmed diagnosis of PA, undergoing lateralization with 11C‐Metomidate PET/CT prior to final clinical decision on surgical vs medical management.MeasurementsAll patients underwent screening aldosterone renin ratio (ARR), followed by confirmatory testing with the seated saline infusion test, according to Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guidelines. Adrenal glands were imaged using dedicated adrenal CT. 11C‐Metomidate PET/CT was undertaken due to equivocal or failed AVS. Management outcomes were assessed by longitudinal measurement of blood pressure, ARR, number of hypertensive medications following adrenalectomy or institution of medical therapy.ResultsWe describe the individual lateralization and clinical outcomes for 15 patients with PA.Conclusion11C‐Metomidate PET/CT in conjunction with adrenal CT and AVS provided useful information which aided clinical decision‐making for PA within a multidisciplinary hypertension clinic.
Traders versus the State: Negotiating Urban Renewal in Lào Cai City, Vietnam
Authors: Endres Kirsten W. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractIn recent years, Vietnam has intensified programs aimed at building “civilized, rich, and beautiful” cities. The modernization of urban markets forms part of these efforts. This essay focuses on the contestations and negotiations surrounding the upgrade of a state‐run market in the northern border city of Lào Cai. In order to retain their stall use rights in the new market building, the traders were required to invest a sum that many felt was beyond their immediate means. Frustrated with the top‐down implementation of policy decisions that would potentially displace less affluent vendors from the market, the traders organized in protest and submitted petitions and complaints to various levels of government. In this paper, I critically examine the argumentation strategies employed by both traders and government officials during several formal hearings held in 2014. I argue that rather than arriving at a solution that satisfied the traders’ concerns, the dispute between market traders and state officials ultimately reinforced some of the hegemonic terms in which the marketization and urbanization of Vietnam’s borderlands take place. [Vietnam; Lào Cai City; Market Redevelopment; Urbanization; Protests].
Cost‐effectiveness of trans‐nasal endoscopic sphenopalatine artery ligation vs arterial embolisation for intractable epistaxis: Long‐term analyses
Authors: Costa Nadège , Mounié Michael , Bernard Geraldine , Bieler Laurent , Molinier Laurent , Serrano Elie , de Bonnecaze Guillaume 
Published: February 2019

ObjectivesTrans‐nasal endoscopic sphenopalatine artery ligation (TESPAL) and endovascular arterial embolisation both provide excellent success rates for intractable epistaxis. Recent economic models suggest that TESPAL could be a cost‐saving strategy. Our main aim was to perform cost‐effectiveness analyses on TESPAL compared with embolisation to treat patients with epistaxis.DesignWe performed retrospective, monocentric, comparative analyses on patients referred to our centre and treated with embolisation or TESPAL.SettingThis economic evaluation was carried out from a payer's perspective (ie French National Health Insurance) within a time horizon of 12 months.ParticipantsThirty‐seven TESPAL procedures and thirty‐nine embolisation procedures to treat intractable epistaxis were used in the analyses.Main outcome measuresThe primary outcome is presented as the cost per 1% of non‐recurrence. Effectiveness was defined as avoiding recurrence of epistaxis during the 1‐year follow‐up. Cost estimates were performed from the payer's perspective.ResultsHospitalisation costs were higher for embolisation compared with TESPAL (5972 vs 3769 euros). On average, hospitalisation costs decreased by 41% when a patient was treated by TESPAL compared with an embolisation strategy (P = 0.06). The presence of comorbidities increased hospitalisation costs by 79% (P = 0.04). TESPAL enabled 1867€ to be gained in intractable epistaxis.ConclusionsThe outcomes from our decision model confirm that TESPAL is more cost‐effective for patients with intractable epistaxis.
δ‐Tocotrienol induces apoptosis, involving endoplasmic reticulum stress and autophagy, and paraptosis in prostate cancer cells
Authors: Fontana Fabrizio , Moretti Roberta Manuela , Raimondi Michela , Marzagalli Monica , Beretta Giangiacomo , Procacci Patrizia , Sartori Patrizia , Montagnani Marelli Marina , Limonta Patrizia 
Published: February 2019

AbstractObjectivesProstate cancer, after the phase of androgen dependence, may progress to the castration‐resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) stage, with resistance to standard therapies. Vitamin E‐derived tocotrienols (TTs) possess a significant antitumour activity. Here, we evaluated the anti‐cancer properties of δ‐TT in CRPC cells (PC3 and DU145) and the related mechanisms of action.Materials and methodsMTT, Trypan blue and colony formation assays were used to assess cell viability/cell death/cytotoxicity. Western blot, immunofluorescence and MTT analyses were utilized to investigate apoptosis, ER stress and autophagy. Morphological changes were investigated by light and transmission electron microscopy.ResultsWe demonstrated that δ‐TT exerts a cytotoxic/proapoptotic activity in CRPC cells. We found that in PC3 cells: (a) δ‐TT triggers both the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and autophagy pathways; (b) autophagy induction is related to the ER stress, and this ER stress/autophagy axis is involved in the antitumour activity of δ‐TT; in autophagy‐defective DU145 cells, only the ER stress pathway is involved in the proapoptotic effects of δ‐TT; (c) in both CRPC cell lines, δ‐TT also induces an intense vacuolation prevented by the ER stress inhibitor salubrinal and the protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide, together with increased levels of phosphorylated JNK and p38, supporting the induction of paraptosis by δ‐TT.ConclusionsThese data demonstrate that apoptosis, involving ER stress and autophagy (in autophagy positive PC3 cells), and paraptosis are involved in the anti‐cancer activity of δ‐TT in CRPC cells.
Differential distribution of the epigenetic marker 5‐hydroxymethylcytosine occurs in hair follicle stem cells during bulge activation
Authors: Leavitt Danielle , Wells Michael , Abarzua Phammela , Murphy George F. , Lian Christine G. 
Published: February 2019

BackgroundHair follicle (HF) cycling is dependent upon activation and differentiation of an epithelial subpopulation of cells with stem‐like characteristics. These cells express cytokeratin 15 (CK15) and are sequestered within a specialized niche termed the follicular bulge. The pathways that mediate bulge activation are poorly understood, although growing evidence suggests a role for epigenetic events.MethodsHere we investigated murine and human HFs to determine whether a recently described epigenetic hydroxymethylation marker, 5‐hmC, known to mediate cell growth and differentiation, may play a role in bulge activation.ResultsWe found the bulge region of murine HFs to show variable 5‐hmC distribution within the nuclei of CK15‐positive stem cells during early anagen, a pattern that was not associated with resting stem cells of telogen follicles, which did not express 5‐hmC. Moreover, during phases of early anagen that were induced in an organ culture model, spatial alterations in bulge stem cell 5‐hmC reactivity, as assessed by dual labeling, were noted.ConclusionsThese preliminary findings suggest that 5‐hmC may play a dynamic role in bulge activation during anagen growth, and provide a foundation for further experimental inquiry into epigenomic regulation of HF stem cells.