bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Co‐expression of the calcitonin receptor gene in the hypothalamic kisspeptin neurons in female rats
Authors: Assadullah  , Ieda Nahoko , Kawai Narumi , Ishii Hirotaka , Ihara Kunio , Inoue Naoko , Uenoyama Yoshihisa , Tsukamura Hiroko 
Published: March 2018

AbstractPurposeHypothalamic kisspeptin neurons are considered to play a critical role in regulating mammalian reproduction and integrating humoral and neuronal inputs that control gonadotropin‐releasing hormone (GnRH)/gonadotropin release. The present study aimed to investigate the upstream regulator candidates for kisspeptin neurons.MethodsVisualized kisspeptin neurons that were taken from the arcuate nucleus (ARC) of Kiss1‐tdTomato rats were subjected to next‐generation sequencing (NGS) analysis. In situ hybridization (ISH) for the calcitonin receptor gene (Calcr) was performed throughout the whole forebrain of ovariectomized wild‐type female rats that had been implanted with a negative feedback level of estrogen, because the Calcr expression was evident in the ARC kisspeptin neurons from the NGS analysis. Then, a double ISH was performed for the Calcr and kisspeptin gene (Kiss1) in the brain regions, containing either the anteroventral periventricular nucleus (AVPV) or ARC of the female rats.ResultsThe NGS analysis revealed that the Calcr was highly expressed in the ARC kisspeptin neurons. It was found that the Calcr was co‐expressed in 12% and 22% of the Kiss1‐expressing cells in the ARC and AVPV, respectively.ConclusionThe present study suggests that calcitonin receptor signaling could be involved in the regulation of reproductive function through the direct control of the ARC and/or AVPV kisspeptin neurons, and then GnRH/gonadotropin release.
Effectiveness of high‐dose transvaginal progesterone supplementation for women who are undergoing a frozen‐thawed embryo transfer
Authors: Enatsu Yihsien , Enatsu Noritoshi , Kishi Kanako , Iwasaki Toshiro , Matsumoto Yukiko , Kokeguchi Shoji , Shiotani Masahide 
Published: March 2018

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the effectiveness of high‐dose progesterone supplementation for women who are undergoing a frozen‐thawed embryo transfer (FET).MethodsAmong the 2010 FET cycles that were included in the present study, 1188 were 1200 mg/d of vaginal progesterone, while 822 were 900 mg/d. The dose of progesterone that was used was decided by the treatment period and additional progesterone supplementation was used when the serum progesterone levels were <9 ng/mL on luteal day 5.ResultsThe clinical pregnancy rate was higher in the 1200 mg group than in the 900 mg group. The mean serum progesterone level on luteal day 5 in the 1200 mg and 900 mg groups was 12.6 ng/mL and 13.4 ng/mL, respectively. The rate of additional progesterone supplementation was higher in the 1200 mg group. A logistic regression analysis identified a younger age (≤37 years) and the use of 1200 mg progesterone as independent predictive factors for the clinical pregnancy outcome. The analysis of the infant outcomes revealed no significant difference in the distribution of birth ages and weights.ConclusionHigh‐dose transvaginal progesterone of 1200 mg/d as luteal support contributed to good pregnancy outcomes.
Efficient and Convenient Synthetic Routes for Sitagliptin Impurities
Authors: Metil Dattatray S. , Sampath Aalla , Reddy Jinna Rajender , Chandrashekar Elati Ravi Ram , Dahanukar Vilas H. , Reddy Chittireddy Venkata Ramana , Bandichhor Rakeshwar 
Published: March 2018

AbstractNew efficient and convenient approaches have been devised for the synthesis of sitagliptin impurities. As a part of impurity profile study of an antidiabetic drug substance sitagliptin 1, we encountered with six process related impurities. These impurities were detected by utilizing simple techniques such as high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry (LC–MS). All these impurities were synthesized and their presence in the sitagliptin sample was confirmed by co‐injection and matching the retention time with spiked impurities. The formation and control of these impurities during sitagliptin manufacture and synthesis of these impurities is discussed in detail. Synthesis of these impurities was accomplished by utilizing readily accessible starting materials, simple, convenient and concise reaction sequence.
Tandem Synthesis of 3,4‐Disubstituted Pyrroles from Aldehydes, 1,3‐Diketones and TosMIC Under Metal‐Free Conditions
Authors: Manasa Kesari Lakshmi , Sastry Kasinathuni Naga Visweswara , Tangella Yellaiah , Babu Bathini Nagendra 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe method described herein is an efficient and simple process to obtain 3,4‐disubstituted pyrroles. This protocol utilizes the three component reaction of aldehydes, 1,3‐dicarbonyls and TosMIC in one pot under metal free conditions with moderate to excellent yields. The mechanism of the reaction involves a Knoevenagel condensation between an aldehyde and dicarbonyl substrate to give unsaturated alkene intermediate which further undergoes Michael addition with TosMIC to provide desired 3,4‐disubstituted pyrroles. The scope of the substrate was then explored to understand the diversity of functional group tolerance. A series of 31 examples were generated using the present protocol.
The wall–frame and the steel–concrete interactions in composite shear walls
Authors: Shafaei Soheil , Farahbod Farhang , Ayazi Amir 
Published: March 2018

SummaryThe nonlinear pushover analyses of 24 composite steel plate shear walls (CSPSWs), 24 corresponding steel plate shear walls (SPSWs), and 24 corresponding frames are conducted. CSPSWs have different aspect ratios and infill steel plate thicknesses. The study aims to understand the wall–frame and steel–concrete interactions. The infill steel plate thickness and aspect ratio of CSPSW are the main parameters of the study.In CSPSWs, the percentage of absorbed shear forces by the infill composite wall is always greater than the infill plate of its corresponding SPSW. The percentage of shear in the composite wall is constant at the initial stage of loading up to a drift of 0.15–0.2%. By increasing the drift, the shear yielding of steel plate leads to a reduction of the shear force absorption. The reduction continues until the bulk of shear stiffness of CSPSW is provided by the frame.At the beginning of lateral loading, steel–concrete interactions increase until shear yield of steel plate. Following this stage, a sudden decrease takes place in shear force absorption of reinforced concrete (RC) panel. The reason is that, at the lower drifts, the steel plate has a tendency for elastic buckling, which is prevented by the RC panel. Finally, the shear force absorption remains approximately constant in the RC panel.
Application of nanotechnology in biosensors for enhancing pathogen detection
Authors: Sposito Alex J. , Kurdekar Aditya , Zhao Jiangqin , Hewlett Indira 
Published: March 2018

Rapid detection and identification of pathogenic microorganisms is fundamental to minimizing the spread of infectious disease, and informing clinicians on patient treatment strategies. This need has led to the development of enhanced biosensors that utilize state of the art nanomaterials and nanotechnology, and represent the next generation of diagnostics. A primer on nanoscale biorecognition elements such as, nucleic acids, antibodies, and their synthetic analogs (molecular imprinted polymers), will be presented first. Next the application of various nanotechnologies for biosensor transduction will be discussed, along with the inherent nanoscale phenomenon that leads to their improved performance and capabilities in biosensor systems. A future outlook on characterization and quality assurance, nanotoxicity, and nanomaterial integration into lab‐on‐a‐chip systems will provide the closing thoughts.This article is categorized under:
Diagnostic Tools > Diagnostic Nanodevices
Diagnostic Tools > Biosensing
Pendulum energy converter excited by random loads
Authors: Dostal Leo , Korner Kevin , Kreuzer Edwin , Yurchenko Daniil 
Published: March 2018

AbstractWe present new solutions for the dynamics of a pendulum energy converter which is vertically excited at its suspension point. Thereby, we deal with a random excitation by a non‐white Gaussian stochastic process. We formulate the pendulum energy converter as a weakly perturbed Hamiltonian system. The random process across the energy levels of the Hamiltonian system is then approximated by a Markov process, which is obtained by stochastic averaging. This procedure leads to analytical results for the energy of the pendulum motion, which are used for analyzing the required probability of reaching higher energy states of the pendulum energy converter in order to maximize the harvested energy.
On the existence of minimisers for strain‐gradient single‐crystal plasticity
Authors: Anguige Keith , Dondl Patrick , Kružík Martin 
Published: March 2018

AbstractWe prove the existence of minimisers for a family of models related to the single‐slip‐to‐single‐plane relaxation of single‐crystal, strain‐gradient elastoplasticity with ‐hardening penalty. In these relaxed models, where only one slip‐plane normal can be activated at each material point, the main challenge is to show that the energy of geometrically necessary dislocations is lower‐semicontinuous along bounded‐energy sequences which satisfy the single‐plane condition, meaning precisely that this side condition should be preserved in the weak ‐limit. This is done with the aid of an ‘exclusion’ lemma of Conti & Ortiz, which essentially allows one to put a lower bound on the dislocation energy at interfaces of (single‐plane) slip patches, thus precluding fine phase‐mixing in the limit. Furthermore, using div‐curl techniques in the spirit of Mielke & Müller, we are able to show that the usual multiplicative decomposition of the deformation gradient into plastic and elastic parts interacts with weak convergence and the single‐plane constraint in such a way as to guarantee lower‐semicontinuity of the (polyconvex) elastic energy, and hence the total elasto‐plastic energy, given sufficient () hardening, thus delivering the desired result.
Primary Hyperparathyroidism is Underdiagnosed and Suboptimally Treated in the Clinical Setting
Authors: Enell Jacob , Bayadsi Haytham , Lundgren Ewa , Hennings Joakim 
Published: March 2018

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate whether patients presenting with laboratory results consistent with primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT) are managed in accordance with guidelines.MethodsThe laboratory database at a hospital in Sweden, serving 127,000 inhabitants, was searched for patients with biochemically determined pHPT. During 2014, a total of 365 patients with biochemical laboratory tests consistent with pHPT were identified. Patients with possible differential diagnoses or other reasons for not being investigated according to international guidelines were excluded after scrutinizing records, after new blood tests, and clinical assessments by endocrine surgeons.ResultsAltogether, 92 patients had been referred to specialists and 82 had not. The latter group had lower serum calcium (median 2.54 mmol/L) and PTH (5.7 pmol/L). Out of these 82 cases, 9 patients were diagnosed with pHPT or had some sort of long‐term follow‐up planned as outpatients.ConclusionPrimary hyperparathyroidism is overlooked and underdiagnosed in a number of patients in the clinical setting. It is important to provide local guidelines for the management of patients presenting with mild pHPT to ensure that these patients receive proper evaluation and follow‐up according to current research.
Microstructure and Porosity of Laser Welds in Cast Ti-6Al-4V with Addition of Boron
Authors: Tolvanen Sakari , Pederson Robert , Klement Uta 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Addition of small amounts of boron to cast Ti-6Al-4V alloy has shown to render a finer microstructure and improved mechanical properties. For such an improved alloy to be widely applicable for large aerospace structural components, successful welding of such castings is essential. In the present work, the microstructure and porosity of laser welds in a standard grade cast Ti-6Al-4V alloy as well as two modified alloy versions with different boron concentrations have been investigated. Prior-β grain reconstruction revealed the prior-β grain structure in the weld zones. In fusion zones of the welds, boron was found to refine the grain size significantly and rendered narrow elongated grains. TiB particles in the prior-β grain boundaries in the cast base material restricted grain growth in the heat-affected zone. The TiB particles that existed in the as cast alloys decreased in size in the fusion zones of welds. The hardness in the weld zones was higher than in the base material and boron did not have a significant effect on hardness of the weld zones. The fusion zones were smaller in the boron-modified alloys as compared with Ti-6Al-4V without boron. Computed tomography X-ray investigations of the laser welds showed that pores in the FZ of the boron modified alloys were confined to the lower part of the welds, suggesting that boron addition influences melt pool flow.
CONSUMER WILLINGNESS TO PAY FOR TENNESSEE CERTIFIED BEEF
Authors: MERRITT MEAGAN G. , DELONG KAREN LEWIS , GRIFFITH ANDREW P. , JENSEN KIMBERLY L. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractAlthough Tennessee has Advanced Master Beef Producer (AMBP) and Beef Quality Assurance (BQA) certifications for cattle producers, currently there is no state-certified beef labeling program. A choice experiment was administered to Tennessee consumers to determine their willingness to pay for Tennessee Certified Beef (TCB) and other attributes such as labels indicating producer participation in AMBP and BQA. Random parameter logit model results indicate consumers most valued TCB steak and no-hormones-administered ground beef. Consumers also valued many labels when appearing alongside the TCB label. The impact of providing participants label definitions prior to the choice experiment was examined.
Is it time to retire Nottebohm?
Authors: Macklin Audrey 
Published: March 2018

[N]ationality is a legal bond having as its basis a social fact of attachment, a genuine connection of existence, interests and sentiments, together with the existence of reciprocal rights and duties. It may be said to constitute the juridical expression of the fact that the individual … is in fact more closely connected with the population of the State conferring nationality than with that of any other State.
Scholars of migration and citizenship will recognize the famous passage from the judgment of the ICJ in Nottebohm and perhaps be able to recite it from memory. But Nottebohm is nearing sixty-five, and so the inevitable question arises: is it time to retire the case? One impetus for the project of global migration law is the recognition of “current structures as historically contingent artifacts of a sovereignty-based global system in need of reform.” No artifact does more work in sustaining the current configuration than the use of citizenship (or nationality) as the technology for regulating transnational movement. Sooner or later, a conversation about the emergence of global migration law must grapple with international law's position on nationality, which brings us back to Nottebohm.
Investigating ethnic variations in reporting of psychotic symptoms: a multiple-group confirmatory factor analysis of the Psychosis Screening Questionnaire
Authors: Heuvelman Hein , Nazroo James , Rai Dheeraj 
Published: March 2018

AbstractBackgroundEpidemiological evidence suggests risk for psychosis varies with ethnicity in Western countries. However, there is little evidence to date on the cross-cultural validity of screening instruments used for such comparisons.MethodsCombining two existing UK population-based cohorts, we examined risk for reporting psychotic symptoms across White British (n = 3467), White Irish (n = 851), Caribbean (n = 1899), Indian (n = 2590), Pakistani (n = 1956) and Bangladeshi groups (n = 1248). We assessed the psychometric properties of the Psychosis Screening Questionnaire (PSQ) with a multiple-group confirmatory factor analysis, assessing the equivalence of factor loadings, response thresholds and residual variances in an analysis of measurement non-invariance.ResultsCompared with prevalence among British Whites (5.4%), the prevalence of self-reported psychotic symptoms was greater in the Caribbean group (12.7%, adjusted OR = 2.38 [95% CI 1.84–3.07]). Prevalence was also increased among Pakistani individuals (8.3%, adjusted OR = 1.36 [1.01–1.84]) although this difference was driven by a greater likelihood of reporting paranoid symptoms. PSQ items for thought interference, strange experience and hallucination were measured in equivalent ways across ethnic groups. However, our measurement models suggested that paranoid symptoms were measured less reliably among ethnic minorities than among British Whites and appeared to exaggerate latent differences between Pakistani and White British groups when measurement non-invariance was not accounted for.ConclusionsNotwithstanding evidence for measurement non-invariance, the greater risk for reporting psychotic symptoms among Caribbean individuals is unlikely to be an artefact of measurement. Greater residual variance in the recording of paranoid symptoms among ethnic minority respondents warrants caution in using this item to investigate ethnic variation in psychosis risk.
Laser-supported hydrothermal wave in low-dense porous substance
Authors: Cipriani M. , Gus'kov S.Yu. , De Angelis R. , Consoli F. , Rupasov A.A. , Andreoli P. , Cristofari G. , Di Giorgio G. , Ingenito F. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe generalized theory of terawatt laser pulse interaction with a low-dense porous substance of light chemical elements including laser light absorption and energy transfer in a wide region of parameter variation is developed on the base of the model of laser-supported hydrothermal wave in a partially homogenized plasma. Laser light absorption, hydrodynamic motion, and electron thermal conductivity are implemented in the hydrodynamic code, according to the degree of laser-driven homogenization of the laser-produced plasma. The results of numerical simulations obtained by using the hydrodynamic code are presented. The features of laser-supported hydrothermal wave in both possible cases of a porous substance with a density smaller and larger than critical plasma density are discussed along with the comparison with the experiments. The results are addressed to the development of design of laser thermonuclear target as well as and powerful neutron and X-ray sources.
La construction de la ville Sur l’urbanisation dans l’Italie medievale
Authors: Hubert Étienne 
Published: March 2018

RésuméLa reprise de l’urbanisation et la croissance des villes, qui reposent sur une immigration massive, ont entraîné une expansion considerable de la superficie urbaine entourée par le circuit des murailles successives à partir du XIeet jusqu’au XIVesiècle. L’essor démographique a suscité avant tout une augmentation formidable des besoins en constructions nouvelles pour répondre à la demande massive de logements. L’article examine les modalités contractuelles et les conséquences juridiques et sociales des processus d’urbanisation ; il cherche également à identifier les promoteurs de l’expansion urbaine, mettant en relief le rôle majeur joué par les établissements ecclésiastiques et les grands propriétaires laïcs dans la mise en oeuvre des lotissements ainsi que le contrôle voire la programmation de l’expansion par les autorités communales aux XIIIeet XIVesiècles.
Nouvelles orientations de l’historiographie israélienne Au-delà du révisionnisme
Authors: Penslar Derek J. 
Published: March 2018

RésuméL’article traite de la « new history » du conflit israélo-arabe, qui ne constitue plus une force révolutionnaire au sein de l’université et n’y représente plus qu’une petite portion du renouveau historiographique en ce qui concerne les quinze dernières années. Les arguments des historiens « révisionnistes » ont été intégrés à un degré ou à un autre au courant principal du consensus historiographique, et l’extrémisme en la matière s’est vu marginalisé. En même temps, l’intérêt académique a dépassé l’histoire politique et militaire d’Israël pour toucher aux questions de l’immigration de masse dans les toutes premières années, de l’impact de l’Holocauste et de ses survivants sur l’État, de la transformation de la communauté orthodoxe et ses relations avec la majorité laïque, ainsi que toute une variété de formes d’histoire économique, culturelle et du genre. Dans l’historiographie israélienne contemporaine, le révisionnisme affiché et conscient est pour finir moins signifiant que le caractère innovant de la recherche, accru.
Récit héroïque et pratique religieuse. Le passé poétique des cités grecques classiques
Authors: Calame Claude 
Published: March 2018

RésuméDans les cités de la Grèce ancienne, les récits héroïques que l’on appelle « mythes » sont souvent présentés aux dieux sous des formes poétiques qui en font de véritables offrandes musicales. Ces chants, de forme en général chorale, s’insèrent parmi les autres actes rituels tels que le sacrifice, la prière ou la procession. Véritables actes de culte, ces paroles chantées et dansées établissent la communication institutionnelle et « religieuse » de différents groupes de la communauté civique avec les divinités du panthéon en légitimant par le récit héroïque la performance rituelle dont elles sont partie intégrante. Fondée sur cinq cas de figure, la démarche anthropologique et énonciative adoptée montre qu’en matière de performance cultuelle chantée, ni « mythe » ni « religion » ne sont des catégories indigènes.
Le mariage indien moderne. De la compensation matrimoniale à la dot
Authors: Laroche-Gisserot Florence 
Published: March 2018

RésuméLes problèmes de dot en Inde et les violences qu’ils suscitent, de même que les questions démographiques, ont depuis un certain temps attiré l’attention de l’opinion publique et donné à penser que la dot était dans ce pays un fléau social. En fait, et malgré les recommandations des livres sacrés, la pratique des dots est assez nouvelle en Inde. Voici quarante ans, le gros de la population recevait des compensations matrimoniales. Ce basculement en faveur de la dot est un fait anthropologique majeur qui n’est pas inconnu dans l’histoire : l’Antiquité classique, l’Europe occidentale des XIe-XIIesiècles ont connu le même schéma. L’expérience indienne est donc riche d’interrogations.
La romanisation en question
Authors: Le Roux Patrick 
Published: March 2018

RésuméLa remise en question périodique, depuis une trentaine d´années, de la notion même de « romanisation » a pris récemment la forme radicale visant, chez certains archéologues et historiens, à rejeter un mot qui se rapporterait seulement à une historiographie européenne « colonialiste » et « impérialiste ». Au centre de la critique, un domaine auquel les archéologues sont particulièrement sensibles, les cultures et les transferts culturels. L´articleexplore les évolutions anciennes et récentes de l´histoire de la romanisation, et s´intéresse aux démarches de ceux qui tentent de réorienter les enquétes sur les conquétes romaines et l´Empire romain. Il apparaît, au terme d´un bilan raisonné, que le temps n´est pas encore venu de se priver d´un instrument de travail qui a permis élargissement et progrés des recherches et renvoie à une réalité perç;ue avec acuité par les Anciens eux-mêmes. Les débats en cours soulignent à la fois la richesse du concept, la nécessité de mieux le définir chaque fois qu´on l´emploie, et l´utilité d´un idéal-type qui a encore beaucoup à apporter à la compréhension des réalités locales et régionales, mais aussi « impériales », du monde romain, à condition de ne pas faire comme s´il résumait à lui seul l´histoire romaine.