bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk factors for microvascular free flaps in pediatric lower extremity trauma
Authors: Lee Z‐Hye , Daar David A. , Stranix John T. , Anzai Lavinia , Thanik Vishal D. , Saadeh Pierre B. , Levine Jamie P. 
Published: January 2019

PurposeThere is a dearth of literature dedicated to specifically evaluating the use of free flap reconstruction in pediatric lower extremity traumas. This study aims to identify specific risk factors for flap failure in pediatric lower extremity trauma reconstruction.MethodsRetrospective review of 53 free flaps in our lower extremity database (1979‐2017) identified all free flaps performed for traumatic reconstruction in children <18 years of age at our institution.ResultsFifty‐three free flaps (11.1%) were performed in 49 pediatric patients. The majority of patients were male (69.8%). Arterial injury was present in 19 patients (35.8%) and was associated with significantly higher flap failure rates compared to patients without arterial injury (36.8% vs 8.8%, P = 0.020) with RR = 6.0. This was again found to be true on multivariable logistic regression controlling for age, sex, flap type, and degree of arterial or venous mismatch (RR = 53, P = 0.016).Analysis of anastomotic vessel sizes revealed significantly increased risk of flap failure with increasing degree of arterial size mismatch on logistic regression (RR = 6.1, p = .02). Similar analysis for venous data was performed and revealed trending towards similar findings without reaching statistical significance (P = .086); however, the presence of any venous size mismatch was associated with significantly increased risk of flap failure on χ2 analysis (P = 0.041).ConclusionFree flap reconstruction in the pediatric trauma population is safe with similar survival outcomes when compared to the adult population. Arterial injury and vessel size mismatch were associated with significantly higher flap failure rates in this population.Level of EvidenceLevel III.
Physical Inaccessibility of a Resistant Starch Shifts Mouse Gut Microbiota to Butyrogenic Firmicutes
Authors: Kaur Amandeep , Chen Tingting , Green Stefan J. , Mutlu Ece , Martin Berdine R. , Rumpagaporn Pinthip , Patterson John A. , Keshavarzian Ali , Hamaker Bruce R. 
Published: January 2019

ScopeResistant starch (RS) is utilized by Gram‐negative Bacteroidetes through a starch utilization system (Sus), which requires physical attachment of the bacteria to the substrate. Gram‐positive Firmicutes, which include butyrate producers, utilize RS by other mechanisms, such as amylosomes and secreted amylases/glucoamylases. It has been previously shown that fabricated RS [alginate‐based starch‐entrapped microspheres (SM)] increases butyrate in in vitro human fecal fermentation and was slow fermenting. It has been hypothesized that in vivo SM would disfavor Bacteroidetes and promote Firmicutes, leading to an increase in butyrate production.Methods and resultsA C57BL/6J mouse model is used to test type 2 RS (RS2, raw potato) and SM for SCFAs and fecal microbial community structure. Feeding SM for 2 weeks results in 2.4 times higher mol% butyrate in the mouse distal gut than RS2. SM reduces relative abundance of Bacteroidetes and increases Firmicutes in fecal samples at the end of the 2‐week feeding. This phylum‐level taxonomic shift is not observed in animals fed RS2.ConclusionThrough an approach to understand bacterial requirements related to starch utilization, a designed fiber type favors butyrogenic Firmicutes bacteria and provides higher mol% butyrate in the distal gut with potential benefit as an anti‐inflammatory agent and to improve gut barrier function.
Technical Note: Design and implementation of a high‐throughput pipeline for reconstruction and quantitative analysis of CT image data
Authors: Hoffman John , Emaminejad Nastaran , Wahi‐Anwar Muhammad , Kim Grace H. , Brown Matthew , Young Stefano , McNitt‐Gray Michael 
Published: January 2019

PurposeWith recent substantial improvements in modern computing, interest in quantitative imaging with CT has seen a dramatic increase. As a result, the need to both create and analyze large, high‐quality datasets of clinical studies has increased as well. At present, no efficient, widely available method exists to accomplish this. The purpose of this technical note is to describe an open‐source high‐throughput computational pipeline framework for the reconstruction and analysis of diagnostic CT imaging data to conduct large‐scale quantitative imaging studies and to accelerate and improve quantitative imaging research.MethodsThe pipeline consists of two, primary “blocks”: reconstruction and analysis. Reconstruction is carried out via a graphics processing unit (GPU) queuing framework developed specifically for the pipeline that allows a dataset to be reconstructed using a variety of different parameter configurations such as slice thickness, reconstruction kernel, and simulated acquisition dose. The analysis portion then automatically analyzes the output of the reconstruction using “modules” that can be combined in various ways to conduct different experiments. Acceleration of analysis is achieved using cluster processing. Efficiency and performance of the pipeline are demonstrated using an example 142 subject lung screening cohort reconstructed 36 different ways and analyzed using quantitative emphysema scoring techniques.ResultsThe pipeline reconstructed and analyzed the 5112 reconstructed datasets in approximately 10 days, a roughly 72× speedup over previous efforts using the scanner for reconstructions. Tightly coupled pipeline quality assurance software ensured proper performance of analysis modules with regard to segmentation and emphysema scoring.ConclusionsThe pipeline greatly reduced the time from experiment conception to quantitative results. The modular design of the pipeline allows the high‐throughput framework to be utilized for other future experiments into different quantitative imaging techniques. Future applications of the pipeline being explored are robustness testing of quantitative imaging metrics, data generation for deep learning, and use as a test platform for image‐processing techniques to improve clinical quantitative imaging.
Practical aspects of the simultaneous collection of COSY and TOCSY spectra
Authors: Nolis Pau , Parella Teodor 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe practical aspects of some NMR experiments designed for the simultaneous acquisition of 2D COSY and 2D TOCSY spectra are presented and discussed. Several techniques involving afterglow‐based, coherence transfer pathway (CTP)‐based, and NMR by Ordered Acquisition using 1H‐detection (NOAH)‐based strategies for the collection of different free‐induction signal decays (FIDs) within the same scan are evaluated and compared. These methods offer a faster recording of these spectra in small‐molecule NMR when sensitivity is not a limiting factor, with a reduction in spectrometer time about 45–60% when compared with the conventional sequential acquisition of the parent experiments. It is also shown how the optimized design of an extended three‐FID approach yields one COSY and two TOCSY spectra simultaneously by combining CTP and NOAH principles in the same experiment, affording substantial sensitivity enhancements per time unit.
New implementations for the Simultaneous‐FETI method
Authors: Molina Roberto , Roux François‐Xavier 
Published: January 2019

SummaryIn this work, we present alternative implementations for the Simultaneous‐FETI (S‐FETI) method. Developed in recent years, this method has shown to be very robust for highly heterogeneous problems. However, the memory cost in S‐FETI is greatly increased and can be a limitation to its use. Our main objective is to reduce this memory usage without losing significant time performance. The algorithm is based on the exploitation of the sparsity patterns found on the block of search directions, allowing to store less vectors per iteration in comparison to a full storage scheme. In addition, different variations for the S‐FETI method are also proposed, including a new treatment for the possible dependencies between directions and the use of the Lumped preconditioner. Several tests are performed in order to establish the impact of the modifications presented in this work compared to the original S‐FETI algorithm.
Open source code for behavior analysis in rodents
Authors: Hattori Satoko , Okumura Yoshihiro , Takao Keizo , Yamaguchi Yoko , Miyakawa Tsuyoshi 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAimWe have conducted a series of behavioral tests, which cover a broad range of behavioral domains, on various strains of genetically engineered mice. For the behavioral screening, we have been using Image J plugins that we developed for most of the tests in the battery. Our behavioral analysis system with the plugins enables systematic and automated image analysis of behavior. The plugins are freely available on the “Mouse Phenotype Database” website (http://www.mouse-phenotype.org/software.html). Here, we release the source code of the plugins in a Git repository with the aim of promoting their use and expanding their functionality.MethodsWe published the source code of the Image J plugins for behavioral analysis at Git repository (https://github.com/neuroinformatics). The source code for light/dark transition, elevated plus maze, open filed, T‐maze, and fear conditioning tests was made publicly available in the repository.ConclusionsThe source code of the plugins for the behavioral tests as well as the pre‐compiled binaries can be freely obtained. The open source code could promote the development and modification of the plugins for additional behavioral indices in these tests and for other behavioral tests.
An execution in medieval Sicily: Computerised tomography scan analysis and 3D reconstruction of an ancient forensic context
Authors: Miccichè Roberto , Carotenuto Giuseppe , Sìneo Luca 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe bioarchaeological and forensic approach is increasingly applied in the study of funerary contexts in archaeology. Here, we present a case of an atypical medieval burial recently discovered in Piazza Armerina (Sicily), in which the integrated use of traditional bioarchaeological and forensic anthropology methods was crucial. The skeleton was lying in a prone position and was characterised by a peculiar injury pattern. We recorded six clear stab wound marks on the posterior surface of the sternum. The use of computerised tomography scan and 3D modelling techniques has made it possible to obtain a reliable reconstruction of the cause and modality of death, pointing to the execution of the individual. The importance of this case study is twofold. First, the injury pattern recorded currently constitutes a unicum in the bioarchaeological record. Second, it represents the first well‐documented case of an atypical burial in Sicily.
Objective versus Self‐Reported Energy Intake Changes During Low‐Carbohydrate and Low‐Fat Diets
Authors: Guo Juen , Robinson Jennifer L. , Gardner Christopher D. , Hall Kevin D. 
Published: January 2019

ObjectiveThis study aimed to compare self‐reported with objective measurements of energy intake changes (∆EI) during a 1‐year weight‐loss intervention with subjects randomized to low‐carbohydrate versus low‐fat diets.MethodsRepeated body weight measurements were used as inputs to an objective mathematical model to calculate ∆EIModel and to compare with self‐reported energy intake changes assessed by repeated 24‐hour recalls (∆EIRecall).Results∆EIRecall indicated a relatively persistent state of calorie restriction of ~500 to 600 kcal/d at 3, 6, and 12 months with no significant differences between the diets. ∆EIModel demonstrated large early decreases in calorie intake > 800 kcal/d followed by an exponential return to ~100 kcal/d below baseline at the end of the year. Accounting for self‐reported physical activities did not materially affect the results. Discrepancies between ∆EIModel and ∆EIRecall became progressively greater over time. The low‐carbohydrate diet resulted in ∆EIModel that was 162 ± 53 kcal/d lower than the low‐fat diet over the first 3 months (P  =  0.002), but no significant diet differences were found thereafter.ConclusionsSelf‐reported ∆EI measurements were inaccurate. Model‐based calculations of ∆EI found that instructions to follow the low‐carbohydrate diet resulted in greater calorie restriction than the low‐fat diet in the early phases of the intervention, but these diet differences were not sustained.
Metal‐chloride‐anion‐containing polymers with expanded π‐conjugation systems derived from through‐space interactions in the piperazinium ring
Authors: Yamaguchi Isao , Hamada Yusei , Miyoshi Kiyotaka , Wang Aohan 
Published: January 2019

AbstractReactions of N‐(2,4‐dinitrophenyl)pyridinium chloride (salt(Cl)) with H+MCl4−1 (M ≡ Fe and Bi) resulted in an anion exchange between Cl− and MCl4− to yield Zincke salts with metal chloride anions, namely salt(Fe) and salt(Bi), respectively. Reactions of the Zincke salts with piperazine resulted in ring‐opening of the pyridinium ring, yielding ionic polymers with 5‐piperazinium‐2,4‐dienylideneammonium metal chloride units, namely polymer(Fe) and polymer(Bi). The corresponding model compounds were synthesized via reactions using salt(Bi) or salt(Cl) as starting materials. The UV–visible spectra of the polymers had absorption maxima at longer wavelengths than those of the model compounds. This indicated that the π‐conjugation system is expanded along the polymer main chain. Superconducting quantum interference device measurements indicated that polymer(Fe) was paramagnetic. Cyclic voltammetry analysis suggested that the polymers underwent electrochemical oxidation. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Dynamics of supramolecular associative polymer networks at the interplay of chain entanglement, transient chain association, and chain‐sticker clustering
Authors: Jangizehi Amir , Ahmadi Mostafa , Seiffert Sebastian 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACTThe dynamic mechanical properties of supramolecular associative polymer networks depend on the average number of entanglements along the network‐forming chains, Ne, and on their content of associative groups, f. In addition, there may be further influence by aggregation of the associative groups into clusters, which, in turn, is influenced by the chemical structure of these groups, and again by Ne and f of the polymer. Therefore, the effects of these parameters are interdependent. To conceptually understand this interdependency, we study model networks in which (a) Ne, (b) f, and (c) the chemical structure of the associative groups are varied systematically. Each network is probed by rheology. The clustering of the associative groups is assessed by analyzing the rheological data at the end range of frequency covered and by comparison of the number of supramolecular network junctions with the maximum possible number of binary transient bonds. We find that if the total number of the network junctions, which can be formed either by interchain entanglement or by interchain transient associations, is greater than a threshold of 13, then the likelihood of cluster formation is high and the dynamics of supramolecular associative polymer networks is mainly controlled by this phenomenon. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2019, 57, 1209–1223
Magnetic properties of a polyfluorene derivative containing complexed neodymium ions
Authors: Santana Alisson J. , Turchetti Denis A. , Zanlorenzi Cristiano , Santos José C. R. , Laureto Edson , De Oliveira Adilson J. A. , Akcelrud Leni 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACTPoly[9,9′‐dihexylfluorene‐2,7‐diyl)‐6,6″‐(2,2′:6′,2″‐terpyridine)] (LaPPS75) and its complexes with neodymium were synthesized and characterized. Magnetic measurements showed that the noncomplexed polymer presented a ferromagnetic contribution due to the formation of π stacking, and that in absence of those, the ferromagnetic behavior is suppressed. The pristine polymer, the complexed one and a low‐molecular‐weight model compound with the same structure of the complexed site in the parent polymer were studied. The observed behavior found is presented and discussed, the most important finding was that when a conjugated chain is used as a host for the metallic ion, an amplification of four times for the magnetization is achieved, using the same metallic content for complexed polymer and model compound for comparison. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2019, 57, 304–311
Infertility‐related distress following cancer for women and men: A mixed method study
Authors: Ussher Jane M. , Perz Janette 
Published: January 2019

AbstractObjectiveInfertility‐related distress is recognised to be a long‐term effect of cancer. There have been attempts to examine predictors of such distress, but there is inconsistency in the findings. This study examined the psychological impact of infertility‐related distress in women and men cancer survivors, across age group, parity, cancer type, time since diagnosis, and relationship context; and the association of distress with acceptance of illness and relationship satisfaction.Methods693 women and 185 men completed a self‐report survey examining infertility‐related distress (fertility problem inventory [FPI], acceptance of cancer (acceptance of illness scale [AIS]), psychological distress (Kessler psychological distress scale [K10]), quality of life (QoL) (ladder of life), and relationship satisfaction relationship assessment scale [RAS]); 61 women and 17 men took part in one‐to‐one interviews to examine subjective experiences of infertility distress.ResultsInfertility distress was positively correlated with psychological distress and negatively correlated with QoL, relationship satisfaction, and acceptance of cancer across gender, cancer type and stage, relationship status, and age. Women reported significantly higher infertility distress than men. In multiple regression analysis, unique statistical predictors of infertility distress for women were childlessness, cancer acceptance, and QoL. Childlessness and relationship satisfaction were unique predictors for men. Thematic analysis of interviews identified loss and grief, identity threat, relationship concerns or support, and acceptance of cancer and infertility as key themes.ConclusionsConcern about cancer‐related infertility is associated with decrements in psychological well‐being and QoL, particularly for those without children. Psychological support to address cancer‐related infertility distress should acknowledge the different meanings of infertility across gender, and the impact of acceptance of cancer and relationship satisfaction.
Dyadic yoga program for patients undergoing thoracic radiotherapy and their family caregivers: Results of a pilot randomized controlled trial
Authors: Milbury Kathrin , Liao Zhongxing , Shannon Vickie , Mallaiah Smitha , Nagarathna Raghuram , Li Yisheng , Yang Chunyi , Carmack Cindy , Bruera Eduardo , Cohen Lorenzo 
Published: January 2019

AbstractObjectiveThoracic radiotherapy (TRT) may result in toxicities that are associated with performance declines and poor quality of life (QOL) for patients and their family caregivers. The purpose of this randomized controlled trial was to establish feasibility and preliminary efficacy of a dyadic yoga (DY) intervention as a supportive care strategy.MethodsPatients with stage I to III non‐small cell lung or esophageal cancer undergoing TRT and their caregivers (N = 26 dyads) were randomized to a 15‐session DY or a waitlist control (WLC) group. Prior to TRT and randomization, both groups completed measures of QOL (SF‐36) and depressive symptoms (CES‐D). Patients also completed the 6‐minute walk test (6MWT). Dyads were reassessed on the last day of TRT and 3 months later.ResultsA priori feasibility criteria were met regarding consent (68%), adherence (80%), and retention (81%) rates. Controlling for relevant covariates, multilevel modeling analyses revealed significant clinical improvements for patients in the DY group compared with the WLC group for the 6MWT (means: DY = 473 m vs WLC = 397 m, d = 1.19) and SF‐36 physical function (means: DY = 38.77 vs WLC = 30.88; d = .66) and social function (means: DY = 45.24 vs WLC = 39.09; d = .44) across the follow‐up period. Caregivers in the DY group reported marginally clinically significant improvements in SF‐36 vitality (means: DY = 53.05 vs WLC = 48.84; d = .39) and role performance (means: DY = 52.78 vs WLC = 48.59; d = .51) relative to those in the WLC group.ConclusionsThis novel supportive care program appears to be feasible and beneficial for patients undergoing TRT and their caregivers. A larger efficacy trial with a more stringent control group is warranted.
Grow your own food security? Integrating science and citizen science to estimate the contribution of own growing to UK food production
Authors: Edmondson Jill L. , Blevins Roscoe S. , Cunningham Hamish , Dobson Miriam C. , Leake Jonathan R. , Grafius Darren R. 
Published: January 2019

Societal Impact StatementOwn‐grown fruit and vegetable production in urban areas is increasingly assumed to increase food security, however, the evidence‐base to support this assumption is lacking. By integrating remotely sensed Geographic Information System data, fieldwork, and a citizen science project (MYHarvest) we will estimate the current levels of UK own‐grown fruit and vegetable production and how this could be increased if more urban land was made available for own‐growing. This will provide the first comprehensive UK dataset on own‐grown production for use by research scientists, policy‐makers, and the public, and will highlight the importance of urban horticulture to local and national food security.
Nocturnal oximetry in children with obstructive lung disease or sleep‐disordered breathing
Authors: Katsouli Georgia , Polytarchou Anastasia , Tsaoussoglou Marina , Loukou Ioanna , Chrousos George , Kaditis Athanasios G. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractObjectivesAlthough progress has been made in the standardized interpretation of nocturnal oximetry in children with obstructive sleep‐disordered breathing (SDB), no evidence exists on oximetry abnormalities in other respiratory disorders. We aimed to compare obstructive lung disease (OLD) and SDB regarding nocturnal oximetry parameters.MethodsWe analyzed oximetry recordings from children with (i) OLD (obliterative bronchiolitis; cystic fibrosis); (ii) snoring and adenotonsillar hypertrophy (SDB); and (iii) no respiratory disorder (controls). The three groups were compared regarding: (i) oxygen desaturation of hemoglobin index (SpO2 drops ≥3%/h‐ODI3) and (ii) basal SpO2 (average SpO2 between SpO2 drops). The associations of oximetry parameters (natural logarithm) with study group were tested using linear regression including age as covariate.ResultsData of 16 subjects with OLD (median age: 7.3 years; Q25, Q75: 5.4, 12), 22 children with SDB (6.3 years; 4, 9) and 22 controls (6.8 years; 5.6, 10.3) were analyzed. Children with OLD or SDB had significantly lower basal SpO2 than controls (91.9% [90.8, 93.4] vs 96.3% [96, 97.4] vs 97.6% [97.1, 97.9]; P < 0.01). No subjects in the SDB or control groups had basal SpO2 < 95%. Children with SDB had significantly higher ODI3 than children with OLD or controls [8.4 episodes/h (6.2, 16.6) vs 4.4 episodes/h (3.6, 6.6) vs 2 episodes/h (1.3, 2.7); P < 0.01]. OLD had the greatest negative effect on basal SpO2 (R2 = 0.62; P < 0.001) and SDB the greatest positive effect on ODI3 (R2 = 0.34; P < 0.001).ConclusionOLD is associated mostly with reduced basal SpO2, whereas SDB is characterized by elevated ODI3.