bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM DEBITUR DAN KREDITUR DALAM PERJANJIAN KREDIT BAKU PADA BANK PERKREDITAN RAKYAT (BPR)
Authors: Pangestu Rizky Aji , Nugroho Titov Dwi 
Published: March 2019

Kredit dapat diberikan oleh koperasi maupun bank sesuai dengan kebutuhan para nasabah peminjamnya. Kredit juga biasa disamakan dengan utang, karena setelah jangka waktu tertentu mereka harus membayar lunas atau utangnya dinyatakan lunas. Kegiatan perbankan yang menyediakan jasa perkreditan dapat dilakukan oleh Bank Umum maupun Bank Perkreditan Rakyat yang tidak terlepas dari adanya risiko yang dapat merugikan pihak bank itu sendiri maupun pihak nasabah baik nasabah penyimpan dana dan nasabah debitur. Karena itu, bank benar-benar harus melaksanakan prinsip-prinsip yang wajib diterapkan dalam praktek perbankan terkait dengan nasabah yaitu prinsip kepercayaan, prinsip kehati-hatian, dan prinsip kerahasiaan. Karena penyaluran dana melalui kredit mengandung resiko yang tinggi. Bank Perkreditan Rakyat adalah bank yang menerima simpanan hanya dalam bentuk deposito berjangka, tabungan, dan/atau bentuk lainnya yang dipersamakan dengan itu, dan sebagaimana telah diubah dengan Undang-undang No. 10 Tahun 1998. Sasaran BPR adalah melayani kebutuhan petani, peternak, nelayan, pedagang, pengusaha kecil, pegawai, dan pensiunan karena sasaran ini belum dapat terjangkau oleh bank umum dan untuklebih mewujudkan pemerataan layanan perbankan. Dalam melaksanakan usahanya BPR berasaskan demokrasi ekonomi dengan menggunakan prinsip kehati-hatian. Landasan Hukum BPR ialah UU No.7/1992 tentang Perbankan sebagaimana telah diubah dengan membuat UU No.10/1998.
Pemanfaatan Lumpur Hasil Samping IPAL Pabrik Pasta Gigi Sebagai Bahan Baku Batako Dalam Upaya Reduksi Limbah
Authors: Isnadina Dwi Ratri Mitha , Sampoerna Raih Panji , Citrasari Nita 
Published: March 2019

This research were aimed to know the best variation as brick raw materials according to SNI 03-0349-1989 about Concrete Brick for Wall Pairs and to know Pb concentration in leachate from raw material mixture and from stabilization-solidification product. Sludge from Wastewater Treatment Plant’s Toothpaste Factory was used as a substitution of Portland cement which was varied to 10%, 30% and 50% of Portland cement. Batako were tested by external views and physical requirements according to SNI 03-0349-1989. Raw material and product of brick were analyzed by TCLP for Pb metal using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometric method. The selected sample variation as a large hollow brick material based on SNI 03-0349-1989 is 30% of sludge substituting Portland cement with grade II quality. The concentration of Pb in leachate of brick raw material for each variation was 0.84 mg / L; 0.95 mg / L; and 1.02 mg / L. While the concentration of Pb in the leachate of brick for each variation was 0.40 mg / L; 0.45 mg / L; and 0.49 mg / L.
Kadar BOD dan COD Air Lindi dengan Perlakuan Fitoremidiasi Tanaman Teratai (Nymphaea Sp.) dan Apu-Apu (Pistia stratiotes L.) (Studi Kasus TPA Jetis Purworejo)
Authors: Muryani Eni , Widiarti Ika Wahyuning 
Published: March 2019

Phytoremediation is one of alternative methods to remove pollutant in leachate. Leachate from Jetis Landfill was applied in this research. The purposes of the study were to analysis the change of BOD and COD concentration using Nymphaea sp. and Pistia stratiotes L. and to observe plants condition.The research was carried out by laboratory experiment. Tools and materials used in this research were reactors with 50 L capacity, 455 L of leachate, 12 pcs of Nymphaea sp., 120 pcs of Pistia stratiotes L., 12 kg of palm fiber, and 120 kg of gravel. There were 25 reactors consisted of 1 control reactor, 12 reactors with 3 day of resident time (H3) and 12 reactors with 7 days of resident time (H7). Each of reactors is filled with 15-20 L of leachate which consisted of only plant reactors (T or A) and palm fiber, gravel and plant reactors (TIK or AIK). Each reactor was tested the BOD and COD. Plant conditions were observed daily. Changes of BOD and COD levels for each treatment presented in graphs then analysed descriptively.The results showed that BOD and COD levels of each reactor were lower than control. The difference was relatively small. The AIK-H7 reactor was the most optimum in reducing BOD levels, although the percentage of reduction only 24.11%. In TIK-H7, the COD level was 576 mg/L, the reduction percentage reached 23,6%. The plant observation, found on the 3rd day of treatment, the leaves of the Nymphaea sp. have begun to decay, while the leaves of the Pistia stratiotes L. have started to dry and turn yellow. On the 7th day the whole plant was died. Phytoremediation with Nymphaea sp. and Pistia stratiotes L. in this research was not maximum to remove BOD and COD in leachate of Jetis Landfill.
Novel Methods for Efficacy Testing of Disinfectants – Part II
Authors: Santhakumar Kannappan , Viswanath Valikala 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe control of infections and maintenance of hygienic conditions are of central importance and the insights gained through several investigations have practical significance today. In contrast, the maintenance of environment and surface disinfection is still controversial and demands novel disinfectants to meet the required criteria. The healthcare centers are fraught with various microorganisms and serve as a point source for multidrug resistance in patients which is more critical to treat. Therefore, it has begun a comprehensive plan in hospitals to focus on disinfection and maintenance of hygiene which is not always appreciated. The urgency to determine the effectiveness of disinfectants is often questioned. The review article shows how the existing problems could be solved by a systematic approach and reports on effective evaluation studies that meet the requirements.
DISCURSOS JURÍDICOS DE COLONIALIDADE NO PROCESSO DE ATINGIDOS POR BARRAGENS
Authors: Santana Fabian Serejo 
Published: March 2019

O processo de apropriação e desapropriação manifesta diversas formas de violência, seja de natureza física ou simbólica, como imposição do mais forte e herança direta da colonialidade do poder. Neste sentido, busca-se neste trabalho investigar como esta forma de imposição do poder se aplica nos projetos hidrelétricos e os atingidos por barragens. Através da análise do discurso de linha francesa, analisou-se 28 processos envolvendo ribeirinhos, que foram deslocados pela UHE de Estreito (TO/MA). A partir das sentenças judiciais, busca-se analisar os discursos e sua relação com a colonidade do poder, visão ideologia que serve para legitimar um projeto de dominação global, baseada no lucro do capital, estabelecido em hierarquias geopolíticas e ambientais que foram construídas no mundo moderno, denominada colonialidade da natureza, ou seja, pressupõe-se que existiriam sujeitos que teriam direitos ao recurso naturais e a forma correta de explorá-lo, articulado ao mercado mundial através de grandes empreendimentos.
Start of Higher School in Crimea: Taurida University (1918–1920)
Authors: Filimonov Sergey B. 
Published: March 2019

October 14, 2018 marked the 100th anniversary of the inauguration of the first university in Crimea, which initially, in 1918–1920, was called the Taurida University, and now is V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University. In this regard, it is useful to recall the main stages of the history of the university. Of particular interest is the history of Taurida University in the years of the Civil War, when its teachers were the greatest scientists who fled from the Bolshevik terror from the university centers of the former Russian Empire to the “white” Crimea. But it was precisely this period that received the least coverage in the literature published in the twentieth century. The main reason for this is the lack of a sufficient source base. After all, the pre-war university archive was lost, and the main source for a long time remained only two volumes of the “News of the Tauride University” published in 1919 and 1920. The noted narrowness of the source base forced researchers to look for additional sources of information. Attention was drawn to the archives of institutions, organizations and individuals associated with the university in the initial period of its existence, as well as sources of personal origin (diaries of Academician V.I. Vernadsky, memories of his son, Professor G.V. Vernadsky, etc.).In the late 1990s, the author of the article was fortunate enough to reach the richest unique source that remained untapped by researchers on the history of the Crimean intelligentsia, science and culture in 1917–1920 – Crimean newspapers during the Civil War. On their pages, it was possible to find not only chronicle notes to recreate the missing pages of the history of Taurida University and existing scientific societies, not only information about the participation of university professors in the activities of numerous Crimean scientific organizations, but also publications of a number of leading scientists that remained unknown.The present article is based mainly on these newspapers, which have long become a bibliographic rarity.
Murmansk Arctic State University – Scientific and Educational Center of the Murmansk Region
Authors: Gogoberidze Georgii G. , Knyazeva Maria A. , Rumiantseva Ekaterina A. 
Published: March 2019

The paper addresses the role of universities in the generation, use and dissemination of knowledge, analyzes principles and ways to develop science and education at universities. It is emphasized that the University is becoming an active player not only in training, but also in the production of a new knowledge, in its dissemination and implementation through innovation. At the same time, it is necessary to note that the conditions of the Far North impose a unique specificity on the work of the University and its scientific and innovative activities.For Murmansk Arctic State University (MASU), scientific and research work is one of the most dynamically developing components that create development potential. The paper presents the range of MASU’s scientific activities which includes 3 main spheres: natural science, technical science, social science, and Humanities. The authors dwell on the students’ and postgraduates’ scientific activities, consider the youth scientific organizational structure.As a flagship University, MASU is implementing a strategic development project “MASU is Scientific and Technological Hub of the Region” formed with the direct support of the Government of the Murmansk region. Within the framework of the project, an information and analytical platform was created in MASU under the partnership with Kola Science Center RAS (IAP MASU-KSC). This platform is an integrating consulting mechanism including a set of technological, commercial and marketing solutions for the development and implementation of innovative products and technologies in organizations operating in the field of ensuring a comfortable human presence in the Far North.As one of the priority goals of the strategic development of the University, the trajectory of the Arctic scientific and educational center (SEC) creation on the basis of MASU is highlighted. The key areas and ways to improve the efficiency of scientific and educational activities of MASU, as well as the expected results of the SEC are considered.
Complex of methodologies and laboratory equipment for determination of coke and slags properties in smelting zone of blast furnace
Authors: Stukov M. I. , Chernavin A. Yu. , Kobelev V. A. , Chernavin D. A. , Ivashinenko K. P. 
Published: March 2019

Information about character of burden materials behavior inside a blast furnace at its different horizons enables to increase control efficiency of BF heat running. The elaborated complex of methodologies for carbon materials and iron ore raw materials properties study enables to simulate their behavior at the horizon of iron ore materials reducing, in the viscoplastic zone, at the horizon of iron ore raw materials smelting and its interaction with coke filling. A vertical electric resistance shaft furnace with a tube carbon heater was used as a base equipment for simulation of burden behavior in the reduction zone and smelting zone, as well as for simulation of iron ore burden melt outflow through coke filling. Burden materials preparation to the experiment concluded in crushing of iron ore component followed by 3–5 mm fraction extraction and a mixing it with 3–5 mm fraction of brown coal semi-coke in relation 2:1 for further heating-reduction treatment. The heating-reduction treatment of the mixture charged in the electric furnace simulates the reducing zone and is carried out by a slow heating of the iron ore component and reducing agent mixture from 20 up to 980–1020 ºС. The methodology of determination of lump carbon materials combustibility in the highly heated air blast flow was developed for the complex of equipment based on the shaft electric resistance furnace and aimed at testing of burning process of carbon samples of technological fuels. The combustibility was determined under conditions of burnt sample heating in the temperature range from 500 up to 1500 °C with an accuracy of ±10 °С. The temperature of air blast flow (21 % vol. of oxygen at natural moisture) was set in the range from 120 up to 1200 °С and was kept with an accuracy of ±12 °С. The burnt sample mass, volume of air blast and its velocity was correlated to obtaining of complex non-dimensional Re factor (Reinolds number) more than 100, that guaranteed a reliable process running in the combustion area with no risk of transferring to gasification process. Based on GOST 26517–85 (“Iron ores, sinter and pellets”) a methodology was elaborated for determining of parameters of iron ore materials status in the viscoplastic zone. The methodology comprises heating of preliminary reduced sample of a tested iron ore material in an inert gas and determination of softening temperature and smelting end by a hard rod sinking into the material layer under external pressure action. The temperature at which the layer shrinkage reaches level of 2% during heating, was taken as the softening temperature of the iron ore material. The sinking of the rod into the material by 80% was taken as the temperature of the beginning of the material melting. The interval softening-melting was determined as the difference between melting temperature and softening temperature (at sample shrinkage by 2 %).
Exergy analysis of silicon content in hot metal and its temperature influence on energy efficiency of “BF shop – BOF shop” complex operation
Authors: Chaika A. L. , Chernyatevich A. G. , Sokhatskii A. A. , Moskalina A. A. , Golub T. S. , Molchanov L. S. 
Published: March 2019

Application of pulverized-coal fuel in BF production results in changes of blast furnace heat operation, in particular, in hot metal temperature and silicon content in it changes, that effects the energy efficiency of “BF shop – BOF shop” complex operation. Isolated consideration of energy utilization by facilities (blast furnace, basic oxygen furnace) without taking into account their energy-technological ties does not provide steel smelting rational solutions obtaining. An exergy analysis of silicon content in hot metal and its temperature influence on energy efficiency of “BF shop – BOF shop” complex operation accomplished by application of the elaborated method of calculation of complete energy balance of “BF shop – BOF shop” system under existing conditions of pulverized-coal fuel application in Ukraine. It was shown, that silicon content decreasing down to level, which does not allow malfunctions of BF heat operation is strategically important for improving of energy efficiency of “BF shop – BOF shop” complex operation under conditions of pulverized-coal fuel application in BF production. It was determined, that under conditions of pulverized-coal fuel application in “BF shop – BOF shop” system, silicon content in hot metal decrease by 0.1% results in decreasing of exergy losses by 18–180 MJ/ton of steel, which is equivalent to standard fuel consumption decrease by 0.5–6.0 kg/ton of steel, increase of hot metal production by ~0.3–1.2 %. Hot metal temperature in blast furnace increase by 50 °С results in exergy losses decrease by 26–29 MJ/ton of steel, which is equivalent to standard fuel decrease by 0.9–1.0 kg/ton of steel.
Consequences of microphysical segregation of chemical elements in welded steels
Authors: Bigeev V. A. , Sychkov A. B. , Potapova M. V. , Kamalova G. Ya. 
Published: March 2019

Defects of metallurgy-originated steel (sub-cored bubbles, impurities, macro- and micro-segregations of chemical elements, nonmetallic inclusions) to a large extent determines the faultiness of metal rolled products. The processes of chemical elements segregation in steel macro- and micro volumes considerably influence its quality. Reasons of microphysical dendrite segregation originating in steels of welding purpose of Св-09Г2С and Св-08ГНМ type considered. Mechanism of dendrites formation studied as well as the segregation degree of chemical elements along the continuously casted billet cross section. To estimate the segregation degree a criteria was used – the segregation coefficient, determined as relation of chemical elements mass shares in different micro-areas (dendrites, inter-dendrite gaps) of continuously casted billet cross section to those elements content by a ladle analysis of a heat or one another in different micro-areas. A heredity of segregation transfer from CC billet to finished wire rod of Св-08Г2С and Св-08ГНМ steels studied. It was determined, that decrease of the number of bainite-martensite areas as a result of decrease of dendrite segregation of chemical elements takes place by minimization within grade chemical composition of both main alloying element and impurities ones. Besides an additional alloying of steel by boron takes place based on boron to nitrogen relation at the level of B/N = 0,8±0,15. It was shown that to decrease the inter-dendrite segregation it is necessary to elaborate and implement effective steel modifying by calcium and REMs regimes as well as electro-magnetic stirring during continuous casting.
АНАЛИТИЧЕСКОЕ ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЕ ИСТИННОЙ УДЕЛЬНОЙ ИЗОБАРНОЙ ТЕПЛОЁМКОСТИ КОМПОНЕНТ ВОЗДУХА И ПРОДУКТОВ СГОРАНИЯ С УЧЁТОМ ВЛИЯНИЯ ТЕМПЕРАТУРЫ И ДАВЛЕНИЯ И ЭФФЕКТА ТЕРМИЧЕСКОЙ ДИССОЦИАЦИИ
Authors: Амброжевич Майя Владимировна , Шевченко Михаил Анатольевич 
Published: March 2019

The basic thermophysical parameter of the working fluid of all thermal machines without exception is isobaric heat capacity (specific heat at constant pressure). Traditionally, in engineering calculations of isobaric heat capacity are determined as a tabular value for average heat capacities, or approximated with a square parabola within a given temperature range. Isobaric heat capacity is a function of temperature only. At the current level of GTE development, when the overall compressor pressure ratio is already up to 50 and the tendency of its increase remains it is unacceptable to neglect the pressure. However, the turbine inlet gas temperature also rises that will inevitably lead to the effect of thermal dissociation in the combustion products of the gas turbine engine. The studies of the thermal dissociation effect influence on the parameters of the working process of advanced GTE show that this ignoring leads to computational errors. At the present time, there are mathematical models that allow calculating the isobaric heat capacity as a function of temperature and pressure (taking into account the effect of thermal dissociation) but they are laborious, which is not always practical when estimate calculations performing and program algorithms writing. Consequently, the authors posed the problem of obtaining of simple analytic relationships that make it possible to calculate the isobaric heat capacity as a function of temperature and pressure (taking into account the effect of thermal dissociation). Based on the tabular data for the main components of the gas turbine combustion products within a given range of pressures and temperatures (nitrogen: p = 1 ... 200 bar, T = 150 ... 2870 K, oxygen: p = 1 ... 200 bar, T = 210 ... 2870 K, argon: p = 1 ... 200 bar, T = 190 ... 1300 K, the water vapor: p = 0.1 ... 200 bar, T = 640 ... 1250 K and p = 0.1 ... 400 bar and T = 1250 ... 3200 K, carbon dioxide: p = 1 ... 200 bar, T = 390 ... 2600 K), analytical dependencies were obtained for the calculation of isobaric heat capacities as functions of temperature and pressure taking into account the effect of thermal dissociation. The results of the calculations were compared with tabulated experimental data.
SOSIALISASI PENGARUH MOTIVASI TERHADAP PRESTASI MAHASISWA STIE AL-WASHLIYAH SIBOLGA/TAPANULI TENGAH
Authors: SINAGA NELLY AZWARNI 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRAK
Bangsa Indonesia merupakan bangsa yang besar. Pembangunan yang berlangsung sampai saat ini tidak hanya membangun secara fisik semata, tetapi juga non fisik berupa peningkatan kualitas sumber daya manusia. Dalam persaingan global saat ini, dunia kerja sangat membutuhkan orang yang bisa berfikir untuk maju, cerdas, inovatif dan mampu berkarya dengan semangat tinggi dalam menghadapi kemajuan jaman. Tidak hanya itu, dalam kondisi saat ini peran dari sumber daya manusia sendiri yang mempunyai peran penting. Dalam dunia pendidikan motif mahasiswa dalam belajar dapat berbeda satu sama lain. Adanya perbedaan motivasi tersebut dipengaruhi oleh motivasi yang dibedakan dalam dua bentuk yaitu Motivasi Intrinsik atau Motivasi Intern (Internal Motivation) yaitu motivasi yang muncul dari dalam diri sendiri karena adanya kebutuhan tanpa dipengaruhi oleh sesuatu diluar dirinya, dan Motivasi Ekstrinsik atau Motivasi Ekstern (Eksternal Motivation) yaitu motivasi yang muncul dalam diri seseorang karena adanya pengaruh dari luar seperti guru/dosen, orang tua dan lingkungan sekitarnya. Kegiatan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat dalam bentuk Sosialisasi yang dilakukan oleh Salah Satu Dosen STIE Al-Washliyah Sibolga di tempat dimana Dosen tersebut bertugas , hal ini dapat dilihat dalam bentuk hasil kegiatan pada setiap pelaksanaan yang terangkum dalam beberapa tahapan. Kegiatan Pengabdian ini dilakukan sebagai salah satu upaya untuk meningkatkan motivasi bagi Mahasiswa STIE AW Sibolga untuk lebih meningkatkan dalam Prestasi Belajarnya Kegiatan Pengabdian ini dilakukan untuk memberikan pemahaman tentang arti pentingnya dari motivasi sebagai salah satu indikator untuk keberhasil dalam menempuh studi dan menyelesaikan studinya sehingga apa yang dicita citakannya tercapai selesai tepat waktu.
IbM PENINGKATAN KARAKTER ISLAMI ANAK DI DESA TANJUNG REJO DENGAN BANTUAN ORANG TUA YANG KREATIF MELALUI PENDIDIKAN KIMIA
Authors: Syahputra Ricky Andi 
Published: March 2019

IbM Peningkatan karakter islami anak di Desa Tanjung Rejo melalui Pendidikan Kimia telah dilaksanakan. Kegiatan ini bertujuan: 1) meningkatkan pengetahuan kelompok mitra dalam meningkatkan karakter islami anak dengan bantuan orang tua yang kreatif melalui pendidikan kimia. 2) meningkatkan pengetahuan kelompok mitra dalam menyusun pedoman karakter islami anak melalui pendidikan kimia. Metode pelaksanaan yang akan dilakukan dalam kegiatan IbM ini meliputi: Metode pendekatan dengan kemitraan dan pelaksanaan program meliputi kegiatan penyuluhan dan pelatihan. Hasil yang telah dicapai yaitu: 1) Kelompok mitra telah memiliki pengetahuan tentang karakter anak secara islami melalui pendidikan kimia. 2) Kelompok mitra telah memiliki ketrampilan dalam menyusun pedoman dalam mendidik karakter anak melalui pendidikan kimia. Pelaksanaan kegiatan IbM di Desa Tanjung Rejo Kec. Percut Sei Tuan berjalan dengan baik, indikator keberhasilan kegiatan dapat dilihat dari kelompok mitra telah berhasil membuat pedoman pendidikan anak dan peran serta kelompok mitra dalam kegiatan yang dilaksanakan sangat aktif.