bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Современные катализаторы и способы неокислительного превращения метана
Authors: Golinsky D. , Vinichenko N. , Zatolokina E. , Pashkov V. , Paukshtis E. , Gulyaeva T. , Pavluchenko P. , Krol O. , Beliy A. 
Published: February 2019

В работе проведено обобщение имеющихся данных по современным способам неокислительной конверсии метана и катализаторам для представленных процессов. Рассмотрены закономерности превращения молекулы на цеолитных и металлоксидных системах (двустадийные процессы). Также представлены результаты исследований по совместному превращению метана и н-пентана. Показано влияние природы металла, типа носителя, а также условий проведения процесса на особенности хемосорбции метана и степень его дегидрирования. Изучена реакционная способность образующихся углеводородных фрагментов в реакции образования ароматических углеводородов с н-пентаном.
ЗАКОНОМЕРНОСТИ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ АКТИВНОЙ ПОВЕРХНОСТИ ВОЛЬФРАМАТСОДЕРЖАЩЕГО ДИОКСИДА ЦИРКОНИЯ, КАК КАТАЛИЗАТОРА ИЗОМЕРИЗАЦИИ С7-АЛКАНОВ
Authors: Smolikov M.D. , Shkurenok V.A. , Yablokova S.S. , Kir’yanov D.I. , Belyi A.S. 
Published: February 2019

Изомеризация парафиновых углеводородов является одним из важнейших процессов нефтеперерабатывающей промышленности, направленный на получение высокооктановых экологичных компонентов современных бензинов. Актуальным направлением в изомеризации является переработка фракции, содержащей С7-алканы. Обзор посвящен современным представлениям о закономерностях формирования активной поверхности вольфраматсодержащего диоксида циркония, который представляет собой высокоактивную каталитическую систему для реакции изомеризации гептанов. В обзоре рассматриваются вопросы по влиянию способа синтеза вольфраматсодержащего диоксида циркония, его химического состава, фазового строения и кислотных свойств на формирование активной поверхности систем WO3/ZrO2 и их каталитическую активность. Рассмотрена роль платины в каталитических системах WO3/ZrO2 для реакции изомеризации С7-алканов.
Intrauterine growth and the maturation process of adrenal function
Authors: Iwata Sachiko , Kinoshita Masahiro , Okamura Hisayoshi , Tsuda Kennosuke , Saikusa Mamoru , Harada Eimei , Saitoh Shinji , Iwata Osuke 
Published: February 2019

Backgrounds
Environmental factors during early life alter the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis regulation and increase the risk of diseases in later life. However, adrenal function at each developmental stage has not fully been investigated in relation to pathological antenatal conditions. Cortisol levels of newborns with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) are elevated during the neonatal period; however, when studied during early childhood, cortisol levels are reduced compared with their peers, suggesting that the HPA axis regulation might be altered from activation to suppression, the timing of which remains uncertain.

Aim
The aim of this study was to assess the presence of an interaction between intrauterine growth and postnatal age on cortisol levels in newborns hospitalised at a neonatal intensive care unit.

Methods
We performed a secondary analysis using a dataset from saliva samples of 62 newborns collected between 30 and 40 weeks corrected age. Interactions between postnatal age and clinical variables with regard to cortisol levels were assessed.

Results
The z-score of the birth weight and IUGR showed significant interactions with postnatal age on cortisol levels; cortisol levels were higher ≤5 days of birth and lower >14 days of birth than those in their peers without IUGR.

Conclusion
The adrenal function of newborns with IUGR might be altered from activation to suppression within the first several weeks of life. Longitudinal studies need to address when/how IUGR alters adrenal functions, and how these responses are associated with diseases during adulthood.
“We're not gonna be friends anymore”: Associations between viewing relational aggression on television and relational aggression in text messaging during adolescence
Authors: Coyne Sarah M. , Ehrenreich Samuel E. , Holmgren Hailey G. , Underwood Marion K. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractA number of studies suggest that adolescents who view relational aggression on television are more likely to engage in higher levels of subsequent relational aggression in social interactions. This study examined longitudinal associations between viewing relational aggression on television and relationally aggressive behavior in text messaging over a 1‐year period during adolescence. Participants were 197 adolescents who completed a number of questionnaires regarding media use and aggression. Adolescents were each given a BlackBerry device and a sample of text messages was coded for aggressive behavior. Results revealed that exposure to relational aggression on television was associated with higher levels of relational aggression in texting one year later, but only for girls. Results are discussed with reference to the General Aggression Model.
A likely pathogenic variant in the SLC20A2 gene presenting with progressive myoclonus
Authors: Lamquet Simon , Ramos Eliana M. , Legati Andrea , Coppola Giovanni , Hemelsoet Dimitri , Vanakker Olivier M. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractA 60‐year‐old man is presented with progressive involuntary muscle movements and neuropsychiatric symptoms who developed a variety of additional complaints over 2 years. Brain imaging revealed bilateral basal ganglia calcifications suggesting primary familial brain calcification. Analysis of the SLC20A2 gene revealed a missense mutation (c.541C>T, p.(Arg181Trp)), in silico predicted to be deleterious and not found in available databases. Segregation analysis confirmed his asymptomatic father to harbor the same mutation, though on brain imaging basal ganglia calcifications were found. This report illustrates the intrafamilial variability of the phenotype and generalized myoclonus as the presenting symptom.
Cortical activation during sleep predicts dream experience in narcolepsy
Authors: D'Atri Aurora , Scarpelli Serena , Schiappa Cinzia , Pizza Fabio , Vandi Stefano , Ferrara Michele , Cipolli Carlo , Plazzi Giuseppe , De Gennaro Luigi 
Published: February 2019

AbstractObjectiveNarcolepsy type 1 widely affects the architecture of sleep with frequent fast transition to REM sleep at both nighttime and daytime sleep onset. The occurrence of repeated sleep onset REM periods over the Multiple Sleep Latency Test offers a unique opportunity to identify EEG patterns predictive of successful dream recall after short periods composed of only REM or NREM sleep. It also permits to disentangle state‐ from trait‐like differences in dream recall, by using a within‐subjects design.MethodsA consecutive series of 115 first‐diagnosed drug‐free adult narcolepsy‐type 1 patients underwent Multiple Sleep Latency Tests and were asked after each nap opportunity if they had or had not a dream experience. Scalp EEG power and a specific index of cortical activation (delta/beta power ratio), obtained from naps of 43 patients with both presence and absence of dream recall in the same sleep stage, were compared separately for REM and NREM sleep.ResultsSuccessful dream recall was associated with an increased EEG desynchronization in both REM and NREM over partially overlapping cortical areas. Compared to unsuccessful recall, it showed (1) lower delta power over centro‐parietal areas during both stages, (2) higher beta power in the same cortical areas during NREM, and (3) lower values in the delta/beta ratio during NREM in most scalp locations.InterpretationA more activated electrophysiological milieu in both REM and NREM sleep promotes dream recall, strengthening the notion that the parietal areas are crucial not only in generating dream experience, as shown in brain‐damaged patients, but also in the memory processing leading to recall.
I Would Never Take Preventive Medication! Perspectives and Information Needs of People Who Underwent Predictive Tests for Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Mosor Erika , Stoffer‐Marx Michaela , Steiner Günter , Raza Karim , Stack Rebecca J. , Simons Gwenda , Falahee Marie , Skingle Diana , Dobrin Mircia , Schett Georg , Englbrecht Matthias , Smolen Josef S. , Kjeken Ingvild , Hueber Axel J. , Stamm Tanja A. 
Published: February 2019

ObjectiveLittle is known about the experiences, values, and needs of people without arthritis who undergo predictive biomarker testing for the development of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Our study aimed to explore the perspectives of these individuals and describe their information needs.MethodsA qualitative, multicenter interview study with a thematic analysis was conducted in Austria, Germany and the UK. Individuals were interviewed who underwent predictive biomarker testing for RA and had a positive test result but no diagnosis of any inflammatory joint disease. Participants included patients with arthralgia and asymptomatic individuals. Information and education needs were developed from the qualitative codes and themes using the Arthritis Educational Needs Assessment Tool as a frame of reference.ResultsThematic saturation was reached in 34 individuals (76% female, 24 [71%] with arthralgia, and 10 [29%] asymptomatic individuals). Thirty‐seven codes were summarized into 4 themes: 1) decision‐making around whether to undergo initial predictive testing, 2) willingness to consider further predictive tests, and/or 3) preventive interventions, including medication, and 4) varying reactions after receiving a positive test result. Individuals with arthralgia were more likely to be willing to take preventive action, undergo further testing, and experience psychological distress than asymptomatic individuals. All participants expressed the need for tailored, patient‐understandable information.ConclusionIndividuals at risk of RA are currently the subjects of research aimed at developing better predictive strategies and preventive approaches. Their perceptions and needs should be addressed to inform the future development of interventions combined with education.
Enantioselective Organocatalytic Enamine C−H Oxidation/Diels‐ Alder Reaction
Authors: Džambaski Zdravko , Tzaras Dimitrios‐Ioannis , Lee Sunggi , Kokotos Christoforos G. , Bondzic Bojan P. 
Published: February 2019

Abstractα,β‐unsaturated aldehydes have been traditionally used in LUMO lowering asymmetric aminocatalysis (iminium catalysis), while the use of saturated aldehydes as substrates in this type of catalysis has been elusive, until recently. Herein, we demonstrate that organic, single‐electron oxidants in the presence of diarylprolinol silylether type catalysts serve as effective tools for the transformation of electron rich enamines to iminium ions which partake in a subsequent Diels‐Alder reaction. This enantioselective one‐pot transformation represents the first example of saturated aldehydes being used in domino Diels‐Alder reaction processes and demonstrates the power of this protocol for construction of stereo‐defined chiral compounds and building blocks.magnified image
Catenary Electromagnetics for Ultra‐Broadband Lightweight Absorbers and Large‐Scale Flat Antennas
Authors: Huang Yijia , Luo Jun , Pu Mingbo , Guo Yinghui , Zhao Zeyu , Ma Xiaoliang , Li Xiong , Luo Xiangang 
Published: February 2019

AbstractCatenary functions are exciting and fundamental building blocks in constructing various kinds of waves in subwavelength structures. Here, a simple yet powerful approach inspired by catenary optics is proposed to realize efficient manipulation of electromagnetic waves in terms of both amplitude and phase. By properly engineering the catenary electromagnetic fields and frequency dispersion, lightweight metafilm‐based broadband absorbers with polarization‐independent bandwidth covering 0.65–6.2 GHz are experimentally achieved, and the bandwidth is further broadened to 0.9–40 GHz. With the same approach, a large‐scale flat antenna based on generalized reflection is demonstrated in the satellite communication system. To enable the batch manufacturing, a flexible substrate–based microfabrication process is developed with a minimum feature size of down to sub‐micrometer and total size up to almost 1 m. These results may provide important guidance for the design of metasurface‐based devices.
Slope‐Dominated Carbon Anode with High Specific Capacity and Superior Rate Capability for High Safety Na‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Qi Yuruo , Lu Yaxiang , Ding Feixiang , Zhang Qiangqiang , Li Hong , Huang Xuejie , Chen Liquan , Hu Yong‐Sheng 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe comprehensive performance of carbon anodes for Na‐ion batteries (NIBs) is largely restricted by their inferior rate capability and safety issues. Herein, a slope‐dominated carbon anode is achieved at a low temperature of 800 °C, which delivers a high reversible capacity of 263 mA h g−1 at 0.15C with an impressive initial Coulombic efficiency (ICE) of 80 %. When paired with the NaNi1/3Fe1/3Mn1/3O2 cathode, the reversible capacity at 6C is still 75 % of that at 0.15C, and 73 % of the capacity is retained after 1000 cycles at 3C. The enhanced Na storage performance could be attributed to the unique microstructure with randomly oriented short carbon layers and the relatively higher defect concentration. Given its robustness, such a low‐temperature carbonization strategy could also be applicable to other precursors and provide a new opportunity to design slope‐dominated carbon anodes for high safety, low‐cost NIBs with excellent ICE and superior rate capability.
Metastatic mixed adenoneuroendocrine carcinoma of the liver successfully resected by hepatic trisectionectomy following chemotherapy: A case report
Authors: Sato Osamu , Tsuchikawa Takahiro , Yamada Toru , Sato Daisuke , Nakanishi Yoshitsugu , Asano Toshimichi , Noji Takehiro , Yo Kurashima , Ebihara Yuma , Murakami Soichi , Nakamura Toru , Okamura Keisuke , Shichinohe Toshiaki , Mitsuhashi Tomoko , Hirano Satoshi 
Published: February 2019

Key Clinical MessageThe chemotherapy guidelines for mixed adenoneuroendocrine carcinoma (MANEC) remain poorly defined, and prognosis remains dismal. In this case, we successfully performed resection after FOLFOX for unresectable metastatic MANEC of the liver. Thus, chemotherapy for adenocarcinoma may be effective for MANEC.
Ti‐Doped Ultra‐Small CoO Nanoparticles Embedded in an Octahedral Carbon Matrix with Enhanced Lithium and Sodium Storage
Authors: Li Junkai , Wang Dong , Zhou Junshuang , Hou Li , Gao Faming 
Published: February 2019

AbstractHerein, we demonstrate the synthesis of ultra‐small Ti‐doped CoO nanoparticles, embedded in an octahedral carbon matrix, (Ti‐doped‐CoO@C) by pyrolyzing a Co−Ti‐bimetallic metal‐organic framework (MOF). The results reveal that optimal pyrolysis resulted in the uniform distribution of the CoO nanoparticles (∼10 nm) in an octahedral carbon matrix. Ti‐doping enhanced the specific surface area of the as‐synthesized Ti‐doped‐CoO@C nanocomposite. Owing to the octahedral carbon matrix and Ti‐doping, the nanocomposite exhibits excellent electrical conductivity and abundant accessible active sites. It is worth noting that the carbon matrix sustains the volumetric changes and the homogenous mesoporous structure facilitates rapid mass transport and electron transfer during the charge/discharge process. Therefore, the as‐synthesized Ti‐doped‐CoO@C nanocomposites exhibited excellent charge storage properties as an anode material in Li‐ and Na‐ion batteries. In Li‐ion batteries, the as‐synthesized Ti‐doped‐CoO@C nanocomposites delivered a specific capacity of 1108 mAh g−1 after 150 cycles at a current density of 200 mAg−1 and total capacitive contribution reached up to 86.6 %, at the scan rate of 0.5 mV s−1. In Na ion batteries, the Ti‐doped‐CoO@C nanocomposites demonstrated a stable specific capacity of 285 mAh g−1 after 100 cycles, at a current density of 100 mAg−1 and total capacitive contribution reached up to 78.4 %, at the scan rate of 0.5 mV s−1. Furthermore, excellent rate performance and efficient charge transfer behavior have been exhibited by the Ti‐doped‐CoO@C nanocomposites. The present study provides a generic approach to synthesize MOF‐derived heteroatom‐doped metal‐oxide/carbon nanocomposites for a wide range of applications.
Defects Promote Ultrafast Charge Separation in Graphitic Carbon Nitride for Enhanced Visible‐Light‐Driven CO2 Reduction Activity
Authors: Shi Hainan , Long Saran , Hou Jungang , Ye Lu , Sun Yanwei , Ni Wenjun , Song Chunshan , Li Keyan , Gurzadyan Gagik G. , Guo Xinwen 
Published: February 2019

AbstractFundamental photocatalytic limitations of solar CO2 reduction remain due to low efficiency, serious charge recombination, and short lifetime of catalysts. Herein, two‐dimensional graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets with nitrogen vacancies (g‐C3Nx) located at both three‐coordinate N atoms and uncondensed terminal NHx species were prepared by one‐step tartaric acid‐assistant thermal polymerization of dicyandiamide. Transient absorption spectra revealed that the defects in g‐C3N4 act as trapped states of charges to result in prolonged lifetimes of photoexcited charge carriers. Time‐resolved photoluminescence spectroscopy revealed that the faster decay of charges is due to the decreased interlayer stacking distance in g‐C3Nx in favor of hopping transition and mobility of charge carriers to the surface of the material. Owing to the synergic virtues of strong visible‐light absorption, large surface area, and efficient charge separation, the g‐C3Nx nanosheets with negligible loss after 15 h of photocatalysis exhibited a CO evolution rate of 56.9 μmol g−1 h−1 under visible‐light irradiation, which is roughly eight times higher than that of pristine g‐C3N4. This work presents the role of defects in modulating light absorption and charge separation, which opens an avenue to robust solar‐energy conversion performance.
Inorganic Molecular Electride Mg4O3: Structure, Bonding, and Nonlinear Optical Properties
Authors: Kulichenko Maksim , Fedik Nikita , Bozhenko Konstatin V. , Boldyrev Alexander I. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractGrowing demands of material science and, in particular, in the field of nonlinear optics (NLO) encourage us to look for stable highly polarizable molecules with excess diffuse electrons. An unusual class of compounds called electrides comply with these requirements. Many attempts have been made, yet only few electrides have been synthesized as solids and none of them as molecular species. In this paper, a new theoretically designed molecular species with electride characteristics is reported. The idea of this molecular electride comes from the formation of electride‐like features in the MgO crystal with defect F‐centers. The geometry of the investigated molecule can be described as a Mg4O4cube with one oxygen atom removed. In Mg4O3, two 3s electrons are pushed out from the inner area of the molecule forming a diffuse electride multicentered bond. Our calculations show that this electride‐like cluster possesses a noticeably large first hyperpolarizabilityβ=5733 au. At the same time, a complete cube Mg4O4and Mg4O32+without electride electron pair have much smallerβ: 0 au and 741 au, respectively. This fact indicates the decisive role of the electride electron pair in NLO properties. Additionally, vertical detachment energies of isomers (VDE), excitation energies ΔE, polarizabilitiesα, and IR spectra were calculated. These properties, includingβ, are supposed to be observable experimentally and can serve as indirect evidence of the stable molecular electride formation.
Ultralong Ternary PtRuTe Mesoporous Nanotubes Fabricated by Micelle Assembly with a Self‐Sacrificial Template
Authors: Yin Shuli , Wang Hongjing , Deng Kai , Dai Zechuan , Wang Ziqiang , Xu You , Li Xiaonian , Xue Hairong , Wang Liang 
Published: February 2019

AbstractHigh surface area and fast mass transport rate are important to enhance the activity and stability of catalysts. In this work, tellurium nanowires and F127 triblock copolymer are used as self‐sacrificial and soft templates, respectively, to synthesize PtRuTe mesoporous nanotubes (MNTs). The designed PtRuTe MNTs show uniformly distributed mesopores and an internally hollow structure, which can effectively improve Pt utilization, the catalytic activity and durability, and CO tolerance for the methanol oxidation reaction. Very different from previous 1D metallic catalysts with solid interiors and smooth surfaces, PtRuTe MNTs are unique, with a mesoporous exterior and hollow interior. The facile route presented herein is very feasible for fabricating 1D mesoporous metallic catalysts.
Gas‐Phase Synthesis of Triphenylene (C18H12)
Authors: Zhao Long , Xu Bo , Ablikim Utuq , Lu Wenchao , Ahmed Musahid , Evseev Mikhail M. , Bashkirov Eugene K. , Azyazov Valeriy N. , Howlader A. Hasan , Wnuk Stanislaw F. , Mebel Alexander M. , Kaiser Ralf I. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractFor the last decades, the hydrogen‐abstraction−acetylene‐addition (HACA) mechanism has been widely invoked to rationalize the high‐temperature synthesis of PAHs as detected in carbonaceous meteorites (CM) and proposed to exist in the interstellar medium (ISM). By unravelling the chemistry of the 9‐phenanthrenyl radical ([C14H9].) with vinylacetylene (C4H4), we present the first compelling evidence of a barrier‐less pathway leading to a prototype tetracyclic PAH – triphenylene (C18H12) – via an unconventional hydrogen abstraction–vinylacetylene addition (HAVA) mechanism operational at temperatures as low as 10 K. The barrier‐less, exoergic nature of the reaction reveals HAVA as a versatile reaction mechanism that may drive molecular mass growth processes to PAHs and even two‐dimensional, graphene‐type nanostructures in cold environments in deep space thus leading to a better understanding of the carbon chemistry in our universe through the untangling of elementary reactions on the most fundamental level.
Fluorine‐Enriched Graphdiyne as an Efficient Anode in Lithium‐Ion Capacitors
Authors: Shen Xiangyan , He Jianjiang , Wang Kun , Li Xiaodong , Wang Xin , Yang Ze , Wang Ning , Zhang Yanliang , Huang Changshui 
Published: February 2019

AbstractLithium‐ion capacitors (LICs) have shown extraordinary promise for electrochemical energy storage but are usually limited to electrodes with low energy density or power density owing to the lack of active storage sites and ion diffusion limitation. In this study, fluorine‐enriched graphdiyne (F‐GDY) is prepared by a solvothermal reaction. Owing to the 42‐C hexagonal porous structure, abundant sp and sp2 hybrid carbon atoms, and even distribution of fluorine, F‐GDY has enormous potential as an anode for lithium‐ion storage. The outstanding rate performance (1825.9 mAh g−1 at 0.1 A g−1, 979.2 mAh g−1 at 5 A g−1) and stable cycling stability of F‐GDY in the lithium‐ion battery inspire the assembly of a LIC with F‐GDY as an anode and activated carbon (AC) as a cathode. When the AC/F‐GDY mass ratio is 7:1, the LIC gives the largest energy density of 200.2 Wh kg−1, corresponding to a power density of 131.17 W kg−1. This LIC also shows excellent long‐term cycling stability with a retention of approximately 80 % after 5000 cycles at 2 A g−1 and a retention of more than 80 % after 6000 cycles at 5 A g−1.