bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
European repository of explicit criteria of potentially inappropriate medications in old age
Authors: Ivanova Ivana , Elseviers Monique , Wauters Maarten , Christiaens Thierry , Vander Stichele Robert 
Published: April 2018

AimLack of electronic assessment of medication lists in electronic health records is a barrier for more generalized use of potentially inappropriate medications (PIM) lists, designed for older adults. The aim was to construct a European repository of explicit criteria on PIM, suitable for electronic assessment.MethodsPIM description, medication information, clinical information and level of evidence was entered. Criteria with unclear medication specifications were excluded. Too complex criteria were divided for more operable use.ResultsWe selected three lists: the European Union (7)‐PIM (2015), STOPP/START (2014) and Beers criteria (2015). After exclusion and division, from 641 original criteria of the three PIM‐lists, a total of 650 criteria were entered (n = 282 from European Union (7)‐PIM, n = 201 from Beers and n = 167 from the STOPP/START list). Identification of the medication was possible with the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System for practically all criteria, except for 23 (3.5%). From all criteria, 63.9% required only medication‐related information. In 55.7% of the criteria, identification of the active substance(s) was the only medication data requirement and 8.2% required additional information (dose, duration, route of administration). From all criteria, 36.1% required clinical information, from which 17.8% requested disease information only, and 18.3% required additional information (indication, history of diseases, laboratory results or severity of diseases).ConclusionsIt was feasible to enter most of the original criteria of the three PIM lists into a repository of electronically applicable criteria. In the future, developers of new PIM lists should take into account semantic interoperability and consider the suitability of the criteria for electronic use. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2018; 18: 1293–1297.
Continuous Improvement of a Groundwater Model over a 20‐Year Period: Lessons Learned
Authors: Andersen Peter F. , Ross James L. , Fenske Jon P. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractGroundwater models developed for specific sites generally become obsolete within a few years due to changes in: (1) modeling technology; (2) site/project personnel; (3) project funding; and (4) modeling objectives. Consequently, new models are sometimes developed for the same sites using the latest technology and data, but without potential knowledge gained from the prior models. When it occurs, this practice is particularly problematic because, although technology, data, and observed conditions change, development of the new numerical model may not consider the conceptual model's underpinnings. As a contrary situation, we present the unique case of a numerical flow and trichloroethylene (TCE) transport model that was first developed in 1993 and since revised and updated annually by the same personnel. The updates are prompted by an increase in the amount of data, exposure to a wider range of hydrologic conditions over increasingly longer timeframes, technological advances, evolving modeling objectives, and revised modeling methodologies. The history of updates shows smooth, incremental changes in the conceptual model and modeled aquifer parameters that result from both increase and decrease in complexity. Myriad modeling objectives have included demonstrating the ineffectiveness of a groundwater extraction/injection system, evaluating potential TCE degradation, locating new monitoring points, and predicting likelihood of exceedance of groundwater standards. The application emphasizes an original tenet of successful groundwater modeling: iterative adjustment of the conceptual model based on observations of actual vs. model response.
Influence of alumina binders on adhesion and cohesion during preparation of Cu‐SAPO‐34/monolith catalysts
Authors: Kong Xiangli , Qiu Minghui , Wang Anran , Yang Lu , Zhou Rongfei , Fan Yiqun , Kong Deshuang , Gu Changjun 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe adhesion and cohesion between the coating layers and the ceramic honeycombs are usually one of the key issues in the preparation of high‐performance zeolite‐based/Monolith catalysts. In this work, we investigate the deposition of high‐efficiency Cu‐SAPO‐34 catalyst on a cordierite monolith with special focus on the impact of alumina binders on the structure, mechanical adhesion and cohesion, and catalytic performance of the monolithic catalyst. Two kinds of alumina nanoparticles, α‐alumina and γ‐alumina, have no significant impacts on the Cu‐SAPO‐34 crystal structure, micropore morphology and catalytic activity. But washcoating experiments showed that the mass loss rate of the coating was less and the loading of the catalyst was higher when α‐alumina was used as the binder. The reason of improving the adhesion and cohesion strength is the suitable thermal shrinkage, the uniform distribution and densification structure of α‐alumina. Furthermore, optimization of the coating formulation with α‐alumina as the binder has been performed. Finally, the catalyst prepared under the optimal conditions was tested by SCR and a maximum conversion rate of 97.4% was obtained. It was concluded that the use of the washcoating method with α‐alumina does not affect catalytic performance while it increases bonding strength between substrate and catalysts.
Metal binding novel flaxseed peptides (linusorbs)
Authors: Jadhav Pramodkumar D. , Zuo Yang , Shim Youn Young , Shen Jianheng , Reaney Martin J. T. , Zhang Ning , Wang Yong 
Published: April 2018

SummaryLinusorbs (LOs; a.k.a. cyclolinopeptides) are naturally occurring orbitides derived from flaxseed. These compounds consist of 8–10 amino acid residues, which are linked via an N‐ to C‐terminal peptide bond with molecular masses of approximately 1 kDa. The LO circular structure makes them candidates for metal binding studies. Flaxseed extracts are known to suppress Pb and Cd toxicity. Hence, four metal salts surveyed include Zn(CH3COO)2, ZnSO4, Pb(CH3COO)2 and Cd(NO3)2 with pure LOs 1–5. Proton NMR spectra indicated interaction of LOs with metal salts in solution and were used to determine impacts of methionine oxidation on interactions with metal ions. The methyl group of methionine S,S‐dioxide of related LOs did not show the same shift in the presence of Zn(CH3COO)2 and Pb(CH3COO)2 observed in their methionine S‐oxide analogues. Metal complexes were observed forming at 10−2 m to 10−4 m but not at lower concentrations (10−5 m to 10−8 m). Mass spectrometry data confirmed that metal binding strength varied by metal in the order Zn(CH3COO)2<Pb(CH3COO)2<ZnSO4<Cd(NO3)2.
The (gradual) rise of memory inflation
Authors: Klenerman Paul 
Published: April 2018

SummaryMemory inflation, as a term, has been used for 15 years now to describe the longitudinal development of stable, expanded CD8+ T memory pools with a distinct phenotype and functional profile which emerge in specific infection and vaccine settings. These settings have in common the persistence of antigen, especially cytomegalovirus infection but also more recently adenoviral vector vaccination. However, in contrast to chronic infections which lead to “exhaustion” the repeated antigen encounters experienced by CD8+ T cells lead to development of a robust T‐cell population structure which maintains functionality and size. In this review, I will discuss how the ideas around this form of memory have evolved over time and some new models which can help explain how these populations are induced and sustained. These models are relevant to immunity against persistent viruses, to novel vaccine strategies and to concepts about aging.
Media Coverage and the Cross‐Section of Stock Returns: The Chinese Evidence
Authors: Zou Liping , Cao Kien Dinh , Wang Yishun 
Published: April 2018

AbstractUsing hand‐collected news headlines for a large sample of listed firms in China over a period of 2000–2015, we investigate the cross‐sectional relation between media coverage and stock returns. Our results document that no‐media coverage stocks earn 55 basis points a month higher than stocks that are featured in the media. This result is robust after controlling for common risk factors and is not driven by short‐run return reversals. Further analysis provides evidence to support the investor recognition hypothesis, suggesting that mass media may play an incremental role in providing a supplement to traditional channels of information dissemination. Therefore, results in this paper are of interests to both investors and regulators on drivers of stock returns.
Thermal‐cycle dependent residual stress within the crack‐susceptible zone in thermal barrier coating system
Authors: Jiang Peng , Fan Xueling , Sun Yongle , Wang Hongtao , Su Luochuan , Wang Tiejun 
Published: April 2018

AbstractNondestructive and accurate measurement of residual stress in ceramic coatings is challenging, but it is crucial to the assessment of coatings failure and life. In this study, for the first time, the thermal‐cycle dependent residual stress in an atmosphere plasma sprayed thermal barrier coating system has been nondestructively and accurately measured using photoluminescence piezo‐spectroscopy. Each thermal cycle consists of a 5‐minute heating held at 1150°C and a 3‐minute water quenching. The measurement was performed within a crack‐susceptible zone in the yttria‐stabilized‐zirconia (YSZ) top coat (TC) closely above the thermally grown oxide layer. A YSZ:Eu3+ sublayer was embedded in TC as a stress sensor. It was found that the initial residual stress was compressive, with a mean value of 240 MPa, which rapidly increased to 395 MPa after 5 thermal cycles (12.5% life) and then increased gradually to the peak of 473 MPa after 25 thermal cycles (62.5% life). After 30 thermal cycles (75% life), the mean stress dropped abruptly to 310 MPa and became highly heterogeneous, with gradual reduction toward final spallation. The heterogeneous stress distribution indicates that many microcracks nucleated at different locations and the spallation occurred due to the coalescence of the microcracks.
Partial Loss of Territory Due to Anthropogenic Climate Change: A Theory of Compensating for Losses in Political Self‐determination
Authors: Wündisch Joachim 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe unique problem of lost territory poses one of the most important and complex challenges of compensating for loss and damage due to anthropogenic climate change. Anthropogenic climate change will cause a significant increase in the sea level for centuries to come. A rising sea level endangers many low‐lying coastal areas but also entire states. However, the inundation of an entire state will remain a rare event. Partial loss of territory will be far more pervasive. As measured by the number of states, the area of land, and, in particular, the number of people affected, the phenomenon of partial territorial loss is much more significant. I address this from the perspective of compensatory justice. In particular, I offer (i) background on basic concepts, (ii) an overview and critique of existing accounts, and propose (iii) a novel interpretation of territory as well as (iv) a corresponding criterion of a duty to compensate before (v) I flesh out the overall theory, (vi) take into consideration implications and details of application, and (vii) respond to potential objections.
Effects of Entomopathogenic fungi and Bacillus thuringiensis‐based biopesticides on Spoladea recurvalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)
Authors: Opisa S. , du Plessis H. , Akutse K. S. , Fiaboe K. K. M. , Ekesi S. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractSpoladea recurvalis (Fabricius) is one of the most devastating pests of amaranths causing severe yield losses of 60%–100% to the crop. Unfortunately use of chemical pesticides is the most common control strategy that vegetable farmers rely on to control the pest. However, it is not effective and harmful to environmental and human health. Aiming to provide more environmentally friendly alternatives, this study evaluated the effects of various entomopathogenic fungal isolates and commercial based Bacillus thuringiensis Subsp. kurstaki product Halt®, on the pest. Twenty‐four entomopathogenic fungal (EPF) isolates from three genera (14 Metarhizium anisopliae, 9 Beauveria bassiana and 1 lsaria fumosorosea) were screened in the laboratory to assess their pathogenicity against second instar larvae of S. recurvalis. Only M. anisopliae ICIPE 30 reached a moderate threshold, causing 58.3% larval mortality. All the 11 isolates (8 M. anisopliae, 2 B. bassiana and 1 l. fumosorosea) tested against adult S. recurvalis were pathogenic, with M. anisopliae ICIPE 30 and B. bassiana ICIPE 725 causing the highest mortality of 92% and 83%, respectively. Metarhizium anisopliae ICIPE 30 had the shortest LT50 value of 4.8 days. Bacillus thuringiensis Subsp. kurstaki product Halt® caused <50% mortality on S. recurvalis larvae. A consecutive application of M. anisopliae ICIPE 30 and Bt did not cause a significant increase in larval mortality compared to separate applications of both products. Results of this study suggest that M. anisopliae ICIPE 30 was the most potent candidate and could be used in an autodissemination approach for management of adult S. recurvalis.
Chicken giblets and wastewater samples as possible sources of methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus: Prevalence, enterotoxin production, and antibiotic susceptibility
Authors: Darwish Wageh Sobhy , Atia Amira Samir , Reda Lamiaa M. , Elhelaly Abdelazim Elsayed , Thompson Lesa A. , Saad Eldin Walaa Fathy 
Published: April 2018

AbstractStaphylococcus aureus is an important foodborne pathogen that constitutes a major health hazard. This study was undertaken to investigate the potential health hazard of chicken products including giblets as a source of methicillin‐resistant S. aureus (MRSA). The prevalence of coagulase‐positive multidrug‐resistant S. aureus in chicken breast meat, wings, giblets (livers and gizzards), and wastewater samples was investigated. Furthermore, expression of mecA in the identified isolates was screened using PCR. In addition, the expression of staphylococcal enterotoxin (SE) coding genes (A, B, C, and D) was investigated. The antibiogram of isolated S. aureus was further tested using the disk diffusion method. Results obtained showed that a 14% prevalence of S. aureus among the examined samples. Interestingly, all isolates were confirmed to be MRSA. SEA had the highest frequency among SEs in MRSA isolates. 78.57% of MRSA isolates showed multidrug resistance profiles.Practical applicationsThis study demonstrated that chicken giblets and wastewater samples are potential sources for transmission of methicillin‐resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and the heat‐resistant staphylococcal enterotoxins to people. Additionally, the isolated MRSA showed variable degrees of antibiotic resistance. Accordingly, strict hygiene protocols should be followed during preparation of chicken products including giblets for human consumption. Furthermore, thorough cooking of chicken meat and giblets must be considered before serving to people.
Predictors and clinical outcomes of follow‐up loss in patients with inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Woo Dae Hyung , Kim Kyeong Ok , Kang Min Kyu , Lee Si Hyung , Jang Byung Ik , Kim Tae Nyeun 
Published: April 2018

AbstractBackground and AimNonadherence is a risk factor of disease worsening in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We analyzed the frequency, predictors, and clinical outcomes of patients with IBD who are lost to follow‐up in outpatient clinics.MethodsMedical records of 784 IBD patients visiting our IBD clinic between January 2010 and December 2015 were reviewed retrospectively. Overall, 285 newly diagnosed IBD patients who were followed up for at least 12 months were included in the analysis.ResultsFor 285 IBD patients (161 ulcerative colitis and 124 Crohn's disease), the mean disease duration was 66.3 ± 34.0 months (7–137 months). Forty‐two patients (14.7%; 27 ulcerative colitis and 15 Crohn's disease) were lost to follow‐up. On multivariate regression analysis, travel time to clinic (odds ratio, 2.37; 95% confidence interval, 1.63–3.45; P = 0.01) and C‐reactive protein levels at diagnosis (odds ratio, 0.63; 95% confidence interval, 0.43–0.68; P = 0.01) were significantly associated with follow‐up loss. Among the 42 patients lost to follow‐up, 36 (85.7%) revisited the clinic. The cause of revisit was disease flare‐up in 22 patients (61.1%). Step‐up treatment was needed in 15 patients (41.7%). Steroid was introduced in 14 patients (38.9%). Azathioprine and an antitumor necrosis factor agent were newly prescribed in three patients (8.3%) and one patient (2.8%), respectively.ConclusionsFollow‐up loss rate for IBD patients in remission state was 14.7%, and the predictors were far from hospital and low C‐reactive protein levels. Because most of follow‐up loss patients experienced flare‐up, clinicians need to try to encourage patients to keep their adherence.
Metabolic pharmacokinetics of early chronic alcohol consumption mediated by liver alcohol dehydrogenases 1 and 3 in mice
Authors: Okuda Takahisa , Haseba Takeshi , Katsuyama Midori , Maruyama Motoyo , Akimoto Toshio , Igarashi Tsutomu , Ohno Youkichi 
Published: April 2018

AbstractBackground and AimAlcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs) 1 and 3 are responsible for systemic alcohol metabolism. The current study investigated the contribution of liver ADH1 and ADH3 to the metabolic pharmacokinetics of chronic alcohol consumption (CAC).MethodsThe 9‐week‐old male mice of different ADH genotypes (wild‐type [WT], Adh1−/−, and Adh3−/−) were administered with 10% ethanol solution for 1 month, followed by acute ethanol administration (4.0 g/kg). The alcohol elimination rate (AER), area under the blood alcohol concentration curve (AUC), and the maximum blood alcohol concentration (Cmax) were calculated. The liver content, activity, and mRNA levels of ADH were evaluated.ResultsChronic alcohol consumption increased the AER and reduced the AUC in all ADH genotypes. The increased ADH1 content was correlated with AER in WT mice but not in the Adh3−/− mice. Similarly, the increased ADH3 content was also correlated with AER in both WT and Adh1−/− mice. The Cmax was significantly higher in Adh3−/− control mice than in WT control mice. It decreased in the Adh1−/− mice by CAC along with an increase in the ADH3 content.ConclusionsAlcohol dehydrogenases 1 and 3 would accomplish the pharmacokinetic adaptation to CAC in the early period. ADH1 contributes to the metabolic pharmacokinetics of CAC with a decrease in AUC in conjunction with an increase of AER by increasing the enzyme content in the presence of ADH3. ADH3 also contributes to a decrease in AUC in conjunction with not only an increase in AER but also a decrease in Cmax by increasing the enzyme content.
Municipio, sistema de cargo y autonomía indígena en Bolivia: el caso de Jesús de Machaca, departamento de La Paz
Authors: Fernández Francisca 
Published: April 2018

ResumenEl objetivo de este artículo es discutir sobre la configuración de Jesús de Machaca como municipio aymara, identificando los puntos de convergencia y conflicto entre el espacio municipal institucional y el sistema de cargo andino. Para ello se realizó una etnografía del Eestado a través del desarrollo de una serie de observaciones de campo y entrevistas a profundidad a distintos actores locales. En la primera parte se abordará la historia de Jesús de Machaca y su vinculación con el contexto histórico de Bolivia, y a continuación su conformación como municipio y la caracterización de la organización del ayllu y el sistema de cargo indígena, para finalizar con el análisis de la incidencia de la figura alcalde, la participación de los partidos políticos y la propuesta de autonomía indígena. [autonomía indígena; Aymara; Bolivia; municipio; sistema de cargo]
Deformable torso phantoms of Chinese adults for personalized anatomy modelling
Authors: Wang Hongkai , Sun Xiaobang , Wu Tongning , Li Congsheng , Chen Zhonghua , Liao Meiying , Li Mengci , Yan Wen , Huang Hui , Yang Jia , Tan Ziyu , Hui Libo , Liu Yue , Pan Hang , Qu Yue , Chen Zhaofeng , Tan Liwen , Yu Lijuan , Shi Hongcheng , Huo Li , Zhang Yanjun , Tang Xin , Zhang Shaoxiang , Liu Changjian 
Published: April 2018

AbstractIn recent years, there has been increasing demand for personalized anatomy modelling for medical and industrial applications, such as ergonomics device development, clinical radiological exposure simulation, biomechanics analysis, and 3D animation character design. In this study, we constructed deformable torso phantoms that can be deformed to match the personal anatomy of Chinese male and female adults. The phantoms were created based on a training set of 79 trunk computed tomography (CT) images (41 males and 38 females) from normal Chinese subjects. Major torso organs were segmented from the CT images, and the statistical shape model (SSM) approach was used to learn the inter‐subject anatomical variations. To match the personal anatomy, the phantoms were registered to individual body surface scans or medical images using the active shape model method. The constructed SSM demonstrated anatomical variations in body height, fat quantity, respiratory status, organ geometry, male muscle size, and female breast size. The masses of the deformed phantom organs were consistent with Chinese population organ mass ranges. To validate the performance of personal anatomy modelling, the phantoms were registered to the body surface scan and CT images. The registration accuracy measured from 22 test CT images showed a median Dice coefficient over 0.85, a median volume recovery coefficient (RCvlm) between 0.85 and 1.1, and a median averaged surface distance (ASD) < 1.5 mm. We hope these phantoms can serve as computational tools for personalized anatomy modelling for the research community.
An evaluation of the antiaging properties of strawberry hydrolysate treatment enriched with L‐ascorbic acid applied with microneedle mesotherapy
Authors: Markiewicz Agata , Zasada Malwina , Erkiert‐Polguj Anna , Wieckowska‐Szakiel Marzena , Budzisz Elzbieta 
Published: April 2018

SummaryBackgroundMature skin is characterized by a loss of elasticity, hyperpigmentation, and dehydration. L‐ascorbic acid stimulates the synthesis of collagen type I, inhibits melanogenesis, and helps to maintain correct skin hydration. Combining microneedle mesotherapy with the application of preparations rich in vitamin C results in better therapeutic effects due to the improved absorption of active substances. The study evaluates the effectiveness of the application of strawberry hydrolysate enriched with L‐ascorbic acid using microneedle mesotherapy.Materials and methodsSeventeen volunteers aged 45‐70 years underwent a series of four microneedle mesotherapy treatments with vitamin C serum, performed every 10 days. The 20% L‐ascorbic acid solution (pH = 3.5) was prepared immediately before application. After the treatment, the participants gave a subjective assessment of the effectiveness. Cutometer® was used to measure skin elasticity and firmness, Corneometer® to measure skin hydration, and Mexameter® skin tone.ResultsThe results of the survey showed improvements in skin hydration and elasticity. In vivo studies confirmed the effectiveness of serum and the impact of the active substance on skin firmness and elasticity, the degree of hydration and skin tone.ConclusionMicroneedling with vitamin C improves skin tone, hydratation and firmness, and decreases the visibility of hyperpigmentation.