bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ventricle contact is associated with lower survival and increased peritumoral perfusion in glioblastoma
Authors: van Dijken Bart Roelf Jan , Jan van Laar Peter , Li Chao , Yan Jiun-Lin , Boonzaier Natalie Rosella , Price Stephen John , FCRS  , van der Hoorn Anouk 
Published: November 2018

OBJECTIVEThe purpose of this study was to prospectively investigate outcome and differences in peritumoral MRI characteristics of glioblastomas (GBMs) that were in contact with the ventricles (ventricle-contacting tumors) and those that were not (noncontacting tumors). GBMs are heterogeneous tumors with variable survival. Lower survival is suggested for patients with ventricle-contacting tumors than for those with noncontacting tumors. This might be supported by aggressive peritumoral MRI features. However, differences in MRI characteristics of the peritumoral environment between ventricle-contacting and noncontacting GBMs have not yet been investigated.METHODSPatients with newly diagnosed GBM underwent preoperative MRI with contrast-enhanced T1-weighted, FLAIR, diffusion-weighted, and perfusion-weighted sequences. Tumors were categorized into ventricle-contacting or noncontacting based on contrast enhancement. Survival analysis was performed using log-rank for univariate analysis and Cox regression for multivariate analysis. Normalized perfusion (relative cerebral blood volume [rCBV]) and diffusion (apparent diffusion coefficient [ADC]) values were calculated in 2 regions: the peritumoral nonenhancing FLAIR region overlapping the subventricular zone and the remaining peritumoral nonenhancing FLAIR region.RESULTSOverall survival was significantly lower for patients with contacting tumors than for those with noncontacting tumors (434 vs 747 days, p < 0.001). Progression-free survival showed a comparable trend (260 vs 375 days, p = 0.094). Multivariate analysis confirmed a survival difference for both overall survival (HR 3.930, 95% CI 1.740–8.875, p = 0.001) and progression-free survival (HR 2.506, 95% CI 1.254–5.007, p = 0.009). Peritumoral perfusion was higher in contacting than in noncontacting tumors for both FLAIR regions (p = 0.04). There was no difference in peritumoral ADC values between the 2 groups.CONCLUSIONSPatients with ventricle-contacting tumors had poorer outcomes than patients with noncontacting tumors. This disadvantage of ventricle contact might be explained by higher peritumoral perfusion leading to more aggressive behavior.
North American survey on the post-neuroimaging management of children with mild head injuries
Authors: Greenberg Jacob K. , Jeffe Donna B. , Carpenter Christopher R. , Yan Yan , Pineda Jose A. , Lumba-Brown Angela , Keller Martin S. , Berger Daniel , Bollo Robert J. , Ravindra Vijay M. , Naftel Robert P. , Dewan Michael C. , Shah Manish N. , Burns Erin C. , O’Neill Brent R. , Hankinson Todd C. , Whitehead William E. , Adelson P. David , Tamber Mandeep S. , McDonald Patrick J. , Ahn Edward S. , Titsworth William , West Alina N. , Brownson Ross C. , Limbrick David D. 
Published: November 2018

OBJECTIVEThere remains uncertainty regarding the appropriate level of care and need for repeating neuroimaging among children with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) complicated by intracranial injury (ICI). This study’s objective was to investigate physician practice patterns and decision-making processes for these patients in order to identify knowledge gaps and highlight avenues for future investigation.METHODSThe authors surveyed residents, fellows, and attending physicians from the following pediatric specialties: emergency medicine; general surgery; neurosurgery; and critical care. Participants came from 10 institutions in the United States and an email list maintained by the Canadian Neurosurgical Society. The survey asked respondents to indicate management preferences for and experiences with children with mTBI complicated by ICI, focusing on an exemplar clinical vignette of a 7-year-old girl with a Glasgow Coma Scale score of 15 and a 5-mm subdural hematoma without midline shift after a fall down stairs.RESULTSThe response rate was 52% (n = 536). Overall, 326 (61%) respondents indicated they would recommend ICU admission for the child in the vignette. However, only 62 (12%) agreed/strongly agreed that this child was at high risk of neurological decline. Half of respondents (45%; n = 243) indicated they would order a planned follow-up CT (29%; n = 155) or MRI scan (19%; n = 102), though only 64 (12%) agreed/strongly agreed that repeat neuroimaging would influence their management. Common factors that increased the likelihood of ICU admission included presence of a focal neurological deficit (95%; n = 508 endorsed), midline shift (90%; n = 480) or an epidural hematoma (88%; n = 471). However, 42% (n = 225) indicated they would admit all children with mTBI and ICI to the ICU. Notably, 27% (n = 143) of respondents indicated they had seen one or more children with mTBI and intracranial hemorrhage demonstrate a rapid neurological decline when admitted to a general ward in the last year, and 13% (n = 71) had witnessed this outcome at least twice in the past year.CONCLUSIONSMany physicians endorse ICU admission and repeat neuroimaging for pediatric mTBI with ICI, despite uncertainty regarding the clinical utility of those decisions. These results, combined with evidence that existing practice may provide insufficient monitoring to some high-risk children, emphasize the need for validated decision tools to aid the management of these patients.
Distress and psychosocial risk in families with newly diagnosed pediatric brain tumors
Authors: Rocque Brandon G. , Cutillo Alexandra , Zimmerman Kathrin , Arynchyna Anastasia , Davies Susan , Landier Wendy , Madan-Swain Avi 
Published: November 2018

OBJECTIVEHospitalization for a newly diagnosed pediatric brain tumor is an extremely stressful time for a family, but this period has not been the focus of rigorous study. The purpose of this study was to quantify distress and psychosocial risk in this population to improve psychosocial care delivery.METHODSThe authors administered the National Comprehensive Cancer Network Distress Thermometer (DT) and the Psychosocial Assessment Tool 2.0 (PAT) to primary caregivers of all children admitted to Children’s of Alabama with a new brain tumor between April 2016 and August 2017. The DT is a single-item measure of distress (scale range 0–10). The PAT (range 0–7) stratifies families by risk level: a score less than 1.0 indicates universal risk level (risk typically experienced during hospitalization); a score of 1.0–2.0 indicates targeted risk (specific psychosocial difficulties that impact medical treatment); and a score higher than 2.0 indicates clinically significant risk. Demographic and clinical information was abstracted from each child’s medical record. A correlation matrix using nonparametric statistics was created between abstracted data and the DT and PAT scores.RESULTSForty primary caregivers were enrolled (of 49 eligible), with the patient age ranging from newborn to 17 years (mean 7.7 years). Twenty-five (63%) of the children were male, and 24 (60%) were white, non-Hispanic. Mean and median DT scores were 7.2 (SD 2.6) and 7, respectively. However, 12 (30%) rated their distress 10/10, and 85% rated distress 5 or greater. PAT scores ranged from 0.0 to 2.36 with mean and median scores of 0.89 (SD 0.50) and 0.86, respectively. PAT results for 16 (40%) families were in the targeted or clinical range, indicating psychosocial factors that have the potential to interfere with medical treatment. No clinical or demographic variable correlated significantly with the DT or PAT score.CONCLUSIONSFamilies of children with newly diagnosed brain tumors experience high levels of distress and psychosocial risk. This work will serve as the foundation for efforts to standardize psychosocial evaluation for newly diagnosed pediatric neurosurgical patients, and to create protocols that organize existing hospital-based psychosocial support services. These efforts have the potential to improve patient and family satisfaction as well as treatment outcomes.
Endoscope-assisted hemispherotomy: translation of technique from cadaveric anatomical feasibility study to clinical implementation
Authors: Wagner Kathryn , Vaz-Guimaraes Francisco , Camstra Kevin , Lam Sandi 
Published: November 2018

OBJECTIVEAppropriately chosen candidates with medically refractory epilepsy may benefit from hemispheric disconnection. Traditionally, this involves a large surgical exposure with significant associated morbidity. Minimally invasive approaches using endoscopic assistance have been described by only a few centers. Here, the authors report on the feasibility of endoscope-assisted functional hemispherotomy in a cadaver model and its first translation into clinical practice in appropriately selected patients.METHODSThree silicone-injected, formalin-fixed cadaver heads were used to establish the steps of the procedure in the laboratory. The steps of disconnection were performed using standard surgical instruments and a straight endoscope. The technique was then applied in two patients who had been referred for hemispherectomy and had favorable anatomy for an endoscope-assisted approach.RESULTSAll disconnections were performed in the cadaver model via a 4 × 2–cm paramedian keyhole craniotomy using endoscopic assistance. An additional temporal burr hole approach was marked in case the authors were unable to completely visualize the frontobasal and insular cuts from the paramedian vertical view. Their protocol was subsequently used successfully in two pediatric patients. Full disconnection was verified with postoperative tractography.CONCLUSIONSFull hemispheric disconnection can be accomplished with minimally invasive endoscope-assisted functional hemispherotomy. The procedure is technically feasible and can be safely applied in patients with favorable anatomy and pathology; it may lead to less surgical morbidity and faster recovery.
Sistem Informasi Penjualan Pada Toko Hagas Tani Batu Malang
Authors: Widayanti Rahayu , Ariebowo Bambang , Maknunah Jauharul 
Published: November 2018

Hagas Tani adalah toko pertanian yang menjual obat-obatan dan tanaman pertanian. Toko ini telah mencatat transaksi pembelian, transaksi penjualan, dan persediaan barang dagangan secara manual. Proses ini menghasilkan sistem pencatatan yang tidak efektif dan tidak efisien. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah meningkatkan efektifitas dan efisiensi pencatatan transaksi pembelian, transaksi penjualan, dan persediaan barang dagangan melalui penggunaan sistem informasi. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode observasi, dokumentasi, dan studi kepustakaan. Desain sistem menggunakan Unified Modeling Language (UML). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada peningkatan efisiensi dan efektivitas pencatatan transaksi pembelian, transaksi penjualan, dan persediaan barang dagangan melalui penggunaan sistem informasi. Uji coba dan perbandingan sebelum dan sesudah penggunaan sistem selama satu bulan terbukti dapat meningkatkan efektifitas dan efisiensi, serta memudahkan pengawasan terhadap persediaan barang dagangan.
Manejo de residuos sólidos y el riesgo laboral en el hospital Víctor Ramos Guardia - Huaraz, 2013
Authors: Norabuena Penadillo Rafael , Tuya Ordóñez Arturo , Vélez Salazar Elizabeth , Menacho López Julio 
Published: November 2018

<p>Analiza la relación entre el manejo de residuos sólidos y el riesgo laboral al que están expuestos los trabajadores de salud del hospital Víctor Ramos Guardia (VRG), sobre la base de la norma técnica de gestión y manejo de residuos sólidos del Ministerio de Salud. Para ello, se realizó un estudio descriptivo correlacional, transversal, donde la muestra estuvo conformada por 87 trabajadores asistenciales del hospital VRG de Huaraz, a quienes se les aplicó una encuesta y además se empleó una guía de observación. Los resultados revelan que, el manejo interno de los residuos sólidos es aceptable (46 %), esto se corrobora al relacionar el manejo de residuos sólidos catalogados como aceptable con el riesgo laboral que fue considerado como mediano. El 32,2 % de los trabajadores están expuestos a un peligroso alto riesgo durante sus actividades diarias, existiendo un preocupante 29,1 % de trabajadores que han sufrido pinchazos como parte de su labor. El almacenamiento primario, intermedio y central de dichos residuos fueron calificados como deficientes, existiendo graves problemas en la segregación que fue evaluado como muy deficiente. Se concluyó que existe una relación significativa entre el manejo inadecuado de residuos sólidos y el riesgo laboral al que están expuestos los trabajadores de salud del hospital Víctor Ramos Guardia.</p>
Diffusion des rayons X par les milieux désordonnés
Authors: Olmer Philippe 
Published: November 2018

Il est possible de résoudre le désordre le plus général qui puisse exister dans un cristal en une série d'ondes de déformation caractérisées par leur vecteur d'onde, leur amplitude et leur phase.
Dans l'étude de la diffusion des rayons X par les cristaux perturbés, on montre que la diffusion dans une direction ne fait intervenir qu'un nombre restreint de ces ondes de déformation. La formule que l'on obtient donnant l'intensité diffusée dans un certain angle solide permet de calculer, d'après les données de la diffusion, la valeur des amplitudes de ces ondes de déformation.
L'agitation thermique peut être considérée à part, car aucune relation de phase ne peut se produire entre les deux phénomènes. On donne quelques applications de cette théorie.
La réfraction des rayons X aux grands angles de diffraction
Authors: Hendus H. 
Published: November 2018

Influence de la variation de longueur d'onde d'un faisceau de rayons X pénétrant dans un cristal sur la valeur de l'angle de Bragg.
Pour les grands angles de diffraction, cette correction de longueur d'onde est du même ordre de grandeur que celle due à la réfraction pour les petits angles de diffraction.
Étude sur la radioactivité de quelques roches par l'émulsion photographique
Authors: Coppens René 
Published: November 2018

Emploi de l'émulsion photographique pour l'étude de la radioactivité des roches. — Les éléments radioactifs des roches émettent des rayons a dont les trajectoires s'inscrivent dans l'émulsion. — Possibilité de numération des rayons α et de détermination des teneurs en uranium et en thorium.
Étude de la disparition des traces des trajectoires des rayons α et moyens d'y remédier.
Les roches communes examinées (granites, granulites, gneiss, micaschistes...) ont une concentration en uranium moyenne voisine de 7 à 8 10— 3 et une concentration en thorium environ 3 fois plus forte.
L'activité de ces roches est due, en majeure partie (60 à 70 %), à des inclusions dont l'étude minéralogique est en cours. Ces inclusions semblent pouvoir se classer en 4 catégories :
1° à forte teneur en uranium (70 %) ;
2° â forte teneur en thorium (70 %) ;
3° à faible teneur en uranium (quelques unités pour cent) ;
4° à faible teneur en thorium (1 à 2 %).
La radioactivité de ces inclusions n'est pas uniforme et l'étude des sables met en évidence l'existence de petits grains ayant des teneurs inférieures ou supérieures aux précédentes. D'autre part l'évaluation de la radioactivité globale des sables des plages d'une rivière montre une répartition très irrégulière des éléments actifs.
Determining the optical constants of opaque minerals
Authors: Strens Roger G. J. 
Published: November 2018

At least four general methods exist for determining both the absorptive (k) and dispersive (n) optical constants of anisotropic crystals. These are the familiar «two media » method, the Kramers-Kronig analysis of reflectance at normal incidence, and the measurement of R, at two or more angles of incidence which may be either above or below the critical angle for total internal reflexion.
In addition to the general methods, there is a large number of special methods applicable to isotropic materials. The most useful of these are ellipsometry and methods D and H of Humphreys-Owen (1961). Other useful techniques include the measurement of n by immersion or minimum deviation, and of k by thin film or diffuse reflectance methods.
The development of the tunable dye laser and of digital signal processing will greatly facilitate the use of oblique incidence methods in particular, and much more use should be made of these, and of Kramers-Kronig analysis, in the future.
Natural etch pits in beryl related with the structure
Authors: Medina José Antonio , Morante Margarita , Leguey Santiago 
Published: November 2018

On étudie les figures d'attaque sur des cristaux de béryl d'origine diverse. L'étude a été effectuée d'une part, sur un béryl de Minas Geraes (Brésil), qui présente des inclusions et des figures d'attaque de forme pseudohexagonale et à base hexagonale, et, d'autre part, sur de petits cristaux d'émeraude de Muzo et Yacopi (Colombie) qui présentent des marques importantes de corrosion.
Dans un premier temps, la technique utilisée a été l'observation à la loupe binoculaire et au microscope en lumière polarisée, puis ultérieurement la microscopie électronique à balayage. Au cours de cette étude, on a établi une relation entre les diverses figures d'attaque apparaissant sur les faces basales, prismatiques et pyramidales et la disposition structurale des atomes des chaînes Al-O-Be sur ces surfaces.
L'orthoferrosilite et les roches associées de la région des Gour Oumelalen (N.E. Ahaggar, Algérie)
Authors: Latouche Louis 
Published: November 2018

Pyroxenite, almost entirely composed of iron-rich orthopyroxene with very little fayalite and quartz, forms the extremity of a lens of pyroxenites and basic charnockites. This lens is one of a group of numerous bodies of basic and ultrabasic rocks belonging to the charnockitic suite of the Gour Oumelalen (Ahaggar, Algeria), which are surrounded by garnet-sillimanite gneisses and marbles. This orthopyroxenite gives place in few decimeters to a clinopyroxenite with orthoferrosilite and fayalite. Basic charnockite is a norite with brown amphibole and biotite. The interaction between a vein of hypersthene pegmatite and the clinopyroxenite has produced secondary minerals, amphibole (hastingsite) and garnet (almandine). Physical properties of the iron-rich OPX from the "orthoferrosilitite" are given.
Microprobe analyses of ferromagnesian silicates in these rocks permit some estimates, based upon experimental data, of temperature and pressure. The composition of coexisting clinopyroxene-orthopyroxene suggests that temperatures ranged from 800 °C to 860 °C, The composition of orthoferrosilite (OFS 87-92) coexisting with fayalite (Fa 93 -95) applied to various experimental data indicates pressures of 8. 1-8.7 kbar at 860 °C (8-9 kbar at 800 °C).
Temperatures estimated from garnet-biotite geothermometry in gamet-sillimanite gneisses are between 760 °C and 850 °C. The metamorphic pressure, measured from the garnet-plagioclase-sillimanite-quartz equilibrium, is close to 8.5 kbar at 790 °C.
These diverse P-T estimates define the final metamorphic crystallisation conditions as 760 °C-860 °C and 8-9 kbar, which agree well with those recorded from other Proterozoic granulite facies series.
Phénomènes de karstification observés dans une cavité artificielle du Rincón Blanco (Argentine)
Authors: Barredo Silvia P. 
Published: November 2018

Le bassin du Rincón Blanco, situé dans la Province de San Juan (Argentine), se caractérise par une sédimentation continentale où alternent des niveaux détritiques, gréseux et argileux. Durant le Tertiaire, des mouvements compressifs ont déformé cette séquence sédimentaire en un étroit synclinal d'axe nord-sud. Les argiles présentent un faciès lacustre et sont riches en éléments carbonatés et organiques. Cette sédimentation lacustre comporte, par ailleurs, des niveaux connus sous le nom "d'ardoises bitumineuses" du Rincón Blanco.
Dans les années 1950 à 1970, elles ont été intensément exploitées, d'où l'existence de galeries artificielles, aujourd'hui abandonnées ; elles recoupent des terrains affectés par de nombreuses microfractures E-W et SE-NW. Ces discontinuités ont favorisé l'infiltration des eaux météoriques à travers les terrains sus-jacents. Ces eaux d'infiltration, après dissolution des carbonates plus ou moins présents dans les différents terrains géologiques, ont entraîné un concrétionnement relativement varié, sous forme de fistuleuses, de stalagmites, d'encroûtements stalagmitiques accompagnés de gours, de perles et de cristaux coalescents. On observe, également, plusieurs formes liées à l'érosion telles des micro-cupules de paroi, de petites coupoles de plafond, et des impacts de gouttes au sol. Ces formes seraient dues à la percolation d'eaux sous-saturées à l'origine de phénomènes de condensation sur les parois.
Des infiltrations, plus importantes, empruntant des fractures ouvertes entraînent des écoulements temporaires, responsables de formes "majeures" d'érosion, tels de petits chenaux et le transport d'éléments détritiques.
Mise en évidence du phénomène du "renard" : les crues exceptionnelles des sources du Boulet-Blagour (Causse de Martel, Lot)
Authors: Fabre Jean-Paul , Perrineau Alain 
Published: November 2018

Evidence of the " renard " phenomenon during exceptionnal floods of the Boulet-Blagour springs (Causse de Martel, Lot).
Every three or four years there is an exceptional flooding, different from the numerous floods observed each year at the Boulet and Blagour karstic springs. Not only is the intensity of this phenomenal flood different but so is its mechanism. Its interpretation needs the realisation of a reduced model that displays a mechanism similar to the "renard" effect or fluidisation, well known by hydrauliciens (dam construction) and ignored until now by hydrologists.
Longitudinal Assessment of Patient-reported Outcome Measures in Systemic Sclerosis Patients with Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease — Scleroderma Clinical Trials Consortium
Authors: McMahan Zsuzsanna H. , Frech Tracy , Berrocal Veronica , Lim David , Bruni Cosimo , Matucci-Cerinic Marco , Smith Vanessa , Melsens Karin , Proudman Susanna , Zhang Jinyu , Mendoza Fabian , Woods Melanie , Khanna Dinesh 
Published: November 2018

Objective.Validated gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms scales are used in clinical practice to assess patient-reported GI involvement. We sought to determine whether University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) GI Tract Questionnaire (GIT) 2.0 Reflux scale, Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Reflux scale, and the Quality of Life in Reflux and Dyspepsia questionnaire (QOLRAD) are sensitive to identifying changes in GI symptoms following therapeutic intervention in participants with systemic sclerosis (SSc) and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).Methods.Participants with active GERD were recruited during clinical visits at 6 international SSc centers. Patient-reported outcome surveys and the GI self-reported questionnaire were completed at baseline and again at 4 weeks following a single intervention, and patients were classified as “improved” or “not improved.” Effect size (ES) was calculated to assess the sensitivity to change. ES was interpreted as 0.50–0.79 as moderate effect and ≥ 0.80 as large effect.Results.There were 116 participants with SSc and active GERD who enrolled. The average age was 53.8 years and mean disease duration was 12.0 years. The UCLA GIT 2.0 Reflux scale and PROMIS Reflux scale had a significant correlation at baseline (0.61, p < 0.0001), and both instruments correlated with the QOLRAD domains (−0.56 to −0.71). In participants who had the UCLA GIT 2.0, PROMIS Reflux scale, and QOLRAD administered over 2 timepoints (n = 57) and were classified as improved, the ES was large for the UCLA GIT 2.0 and PROMIS Reflux scale, and moderate to large across all QOLRAD domains.Conclusion.The UCLA GIT 2.0 Reflux scale, PROMIS Reflux scale, and QOLRAD are sensitive to change and can be included in future clinical trials.