bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of fully immersive virtual reality training on cognitive function in patients with mild cognitive impairment: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Yu Jing , Song Jingru , Shen Qin 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundMild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a prodromal stage of dementia. There is no specific medication to slow the progression of MCI. Recent studies have confirmed the positive effects of virtual reality (VR). However, the results are inconsistent due to different types of VR interventions, small sample sizes, and the varying quality of the literature. This study aimed to assess the effects of fully immersive VR on cognitive function in MCI patients.MethodsA systematic review of published literature was conducted using PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science, SinoMed, CNKI, Wanfang, and VIP Database. The search period was from inception through March 1, 2024. Eligible studies were randomized controlled trials evaluating the effects of fully immersive virtual reality training on cognitive function in MCI patients. Two investigators independently performed literature screening, data extraction, and quality assessment; a meta-analysis of the included literature was performed using RevMan 5.4. The Cochrane Risk of Bias tool was used to assess the methodological quality.ResultsA total of 11 randomized controlled trials with 525 patients were included. The meta-analysis showed that fully immersive virtual reality training had significant effects on global cognitive function (MD = 2.34, 95% CI [0.55, 4.12], p = 0.01); (MD = 0.93, 95% CI [0.30, 1.56], p &lt; 0.01), executive function (SMD = -0.60, 95% CI [−0.84, −0.35], p &lt; 0.01), and attention (MD = 0.69, 95% CI [0.15, 1.23], p = 0.01). Still, the difference in memory (SMD = 0.27, 95% CI [−0.24, 0.78], p = 0.30) was not statistically significant. Subgroup analyses showed that executive function could be improved only when the intervention duration was ≥40 h. In contrast, excessive training (≥30 times) was counterproductive.ConclusionFully immersive virtual reality training improved cognitive functioning, executive functioning, and attention in MCI patients but was less effective in improving memory. Subgroup analysis suggests that fully immersive VR training must ensure sufficient intervention duration while avoiding frequent interventions.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, PROSPERO (CRD42024498629).
Consolidation immunotherapy following concurrent chemoradiotherapy in a patient with sinonasal NUT carcinoma: a case report
Authors: Geng Xiaotao , Chang Xiaolong , Wang Xiaoli , Li Shunjia , Han Guiyan , Song Zhiyu , Hao Furong , Li Jianwen 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundNuclear protein in testis (NUT) cancers, also known as midline cancers, tends to occur in organs near the midline, such as the nasal sinuses and mediastinum. NUT carcinoma is very rare and has a poor prognosis.Case descriptionWe report the case of a 44-year-old female patient with sinonasal NUT carcinoma who presented with a soft tissue mass in the left frontal sinus, ethmoid sinus, and left nasal cavity on computed tomography; the tumor was poorly demarcated from the left rectus medialis. After discussion with a multidisciplinary team with expertise on head and neck tumors, the patient was considered inoperable, and definitive concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) was recommended. The patient underwent CCRT followed by three cycles of consolidation chemotherapy with albumin-bound paclitaxel and nedaplatin. Subsequently, the patient underwent 16 cycles of consolidation therapy with the programmed death–1 (PD-1) inhibitor tislelizumab. The immune-related adverse events included grade 2 hypothyroidism. After CCRT, consolidation chemotherapy, and consolidation immunotherapy, the patient achieved a favorable outcome. The patient survived for 31 months, and there were no signs of recurrence or metastasis during follow-up.ConclusionAt present, there is no clear consensus on the consolidation treatment plan after CCRT for sinonasal NUT cancer. We used consolidation immunotherapy for the first time and achieved good efficacy, providing an innovative and promising treatment plan for refractory sinonasal NUT cancer.
Comparison of tracer kinetic models in differentiating malignant from normal prostate tissue using dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI
Authors: Zhang Hongjiang , Yang Jing , Wu Kunhua , Hou Zujun , Du Ji , Yan Jianhua , Zhao Ying 
Published: December 2024

PurposeThe aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) derived kinetic parameters with high spatiotemporal resolution in discriminating malignant from normal prostate tissues.MethodsFifty patients with suspicious of malignant diseases in prostate were included in this study. Regions of interest (ROI) were manually delineated by experienced radiologists. Voxel-wise kinetic parameters were produced with the following tracer kinetic models (TKMs): Tofts model, extended Tofts model (ETM), Brix’s conventional two-compartment model (Brix), adiabatic tissue homogeneity model (ATH), and distributed parameter model (DP). The initial area under the signal-time curve (IAUC) with an uptake integral approach was also included. Mann–Whitney U test and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to evaluate the capability of distinguishing tumor lesions from normal tissues. A p-value of 0.05 or less is considered statistically significant. ROI based parameters correlation analysis between DP and ETM were performed.Results624 lesions and 269 normal tissue ROIs were obtained. Thirty parameters were derived from the six kinetic models. Except for PS from Brix, statistically significant differences between lesions and normal tissues (P&lt;0.05) were observed in other parameters.Ve from DP, ATH and Brix and PS from ATH have AUC values less than 0.6 in the ROC analysis. MTT, Vp and PS from DP, Ktrans from ETM and Tofts, E and PS from ATH, IAUC parameters and F from Brix have AUC values larger than 0.8. Ve and Vp from DP and ETM are correlated (r&gt; 0.65). The correlation coefficient between Ktrans from ETM and PS from DP is 0.751.ConclusionMTT, Vp and PS from DP, Ktrans from ETM and Tofts, E and PS from ATH, F from Brix and IAUC parameters can be used to differentiate malignant lesions from normal tissues in the prostate.
Case report: Esophageal bulge with white patch: endoscopic removal of leiomyoma and high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia
Authors: Pan Lili , Zhang Chong , Ma Ran , Fan Lijuan 
Published: December 2024

Esophageal leiomyoma is the most common benign intramural tumor of the esophagus. Despite being the most common benign tumor in its category, esophageal leiomyomas constitute only 1.2% of all esophageal tumors. While esophageal leiomyoma itself is uncommon, the occurrence of multiple esophageal leiomyomas is even rarer, and the coexistence of high-grade squamous intraepithelial neoplasia (HGIN), involving both epithelial and mesenchymal tissues, is exceedingly rare. This case report describes a patient with multiple esophageal leiomyomas and localized HGIN, diagnosed using endoscopic ultrasonography, which identified a submucosal lesion within the muscularis mucosae. The lesion was successfully treated using endoscopic high-frequency electrocoagulation resection. This minimally invasive approach proved to be precise, safe, and effective, offering therapeutic outcomes comparable to those of traditional surgical resection, as confirmed by postoperative pathological analysis. As a primary goal, the abstract should render the general significance and conceptual advance of the work clearly accessible to a broad readership. References should not be cited in the abstract. Leave the Abstract empty if your article does not require one – please see the “Article types” on every Frontiers journal page for full details.
Impact of living arrangements and internet use on the mental health of Chinese older adults
Authors: Zhong Ruyu , Ning Wenwen 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionThe consequences of aged living arrangements on mental health in the digital age have drawn significant research attention.MethodsThis study used empirical data to analyze the impact of living arrangements on the mental health of older adults by ordinary least squares (OLS) and to examine the moderating effect of Internet use in it through the moderating effect test. A total of 17,243 older adults were included in the analytical model.ResultsWe found that living independently has a negative impact on the mental health of older adults and Internet use can improve the mental health of older adults. There are moderating mechanisms of Internet use in the impact of living arrangements on the mental health of older adults, but it is necessary to look at the moderating mechanisms of different patterns of Internet use. Using the Internet for social interaction (chatting and information acquisition) can weaken the impact of living arrangements on the mental health of older adults, while unidirectional Internet use (entertainment and financial management) strengthens the impact of living arrangements on the mental health of older adults.DisscusionTherefore, this study puts forward the following suggestions: first, to develop family care for older adults and pay attention to the positive role of intergenerational support in the mental comfort of older adults; second, it is imperative for the government and social service departments to assist older adults in establishing correct concepts of Internet use, enhancing their digital literacy, and improving their digital skills.
The impact of physical exercise with additional visual tasks on UDVA and accommodation sensitivity in children: the mediating role of kinetic visual acuity
Authors: Wang Miyu , Zhu Guiming , Li Yihua , Li Pengfei , Shi Haijie , Jiang Limei , Diao Yucui , Yin Rongbin 
Published: December 2024

PurposeThis study investigates the impact of physical exercise supplemented with visual tasks on children’s uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), kinetic visual acuity (KVA), and accommodative sensitivity, with an analysis of the mediating role of KVA.MethodsA total of 168 third-grade students from four natural classes in a primary school in Suzhou City were randomly assigned to either an experimental group (n = 86) or a control group (n = 82). The experimental group engaged in 30 cycles of ciliary muscle training tasks with visual targets presented for 3 s during physical exercises, while the control group participated in regular physical exercises. The intervention lasted 16 weeks, during which KVA, UDVA, and accommodative sensitivity of children were measured before and after the intervention using a kinetic visual acuity tester, a standard logarithmic visual acuity chart lightbox, and a lens flipper.ResultsPost-intervention, the experimental group showed significant improvements in KVA, UDVA, and accommodative sensitivity (p &lt; 0.05). The control group did not show significant changes in KVA and UDVA (p &gt; 0.05), but did exhibit a significant improvement in accommodative sensitivity (p &lt; 0.05). Additionally, children in the experimental group demonstrated significantly higher levels of KVA, UDVA, and accommodative sensitivity compared to the control group after the intervention (p &lt; 0.05). A moderate positive correlation was found between KVA and both UDVA and accommodative sensitivity. KVA partially mediated the effect of additional visual tasks during physical exercise on UDVA in children (left eye 95% CI: 0.011—0.180; right eye 95% CI: 0.023—0.167). Moreover, KVA partially mediated the effect of additional visual tasks during physical exercise on accommodative sensitivity (95% CI: 0.021—0.245).ConclusionIncorporating additional visual tasks into physical exercise effectively enhances KVA, UDVA, and accommodative sensitivity in children. There is a significant positive correlation between KVA and UDVA as well as between KVA and accommodative sensitivity. These visual tasks directly impact UDVA and accommodative sensitivity and indirectly influence them through the mediating effect of KVA.
Preoperative skin asepsis in bovine surgery: an outcome-blinded 3-arm randomized clinical trial under non-sterile operating room conditions
Authors: Marchionatti Emma , Constant Caroline , Steiner Adrian 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundSurgical site infections (SSI) following clean abdominal surgery in cattle pose significant economic and welfare concerns. Preoperative skin asepsis aims to minimize microbial load over the surgical field before and throughout surgery to minimize its risk. While chlorhexidine (CHX) and povidone-iodine (PVI) are commonly used antiseptics for this purpose, our study introduces the so far unexplored use of octenidine (OCT) in veterinary surgery.MethodsWe compared in a single-center, prospective, randomized, outcome-blinded, 3-arm trial the effectiveness of an OCT-based protocol to CHX- and PVI-based protocols. Cattle aged 2 years or older, needing a clean standing flank laparotomy (e.g., exploratory laparotomy, right flank omentopexy, left flank abomasopexy), were eligible. Exclusion criteria comprised skin abnormalities, recent antibiotic use, or debilitating conditions with systemic involvement or distant site infections. Patients were randomized 1:1:1 with concealed allocation using unique identifiers. Skin bacterial reduction (immediate [IRF] and delayed [DRF] reduction factors), SSI rate, and wound scores were evaluated. Wound scores were rated on a 0 to 6 scale, considering the presence and severity of discharge and swelling.ResultsOut of 373 assessed cattle, 126 were included and randomized: PVI (n = 42), CHX (n = 41), OCT (n = 43). All protocols significantly reduced bacterial counts, with PVI exhibiting lower IRF. No significant differences were observed in DRF. The summer season and duration of surgical procedures had a negative impact on IRF and DRF in all groups, respectively. Nine of 118 patients (7.6%) with complete follow-up developed SSI. Higher wound scores were associated with development of SSI. Wound scores ≥3 at day 10 postoperatively predicted SSI with high sensitivity and specificity. Microbial flora in SSI included typical skin bacteria and opportunistic pathogens.ConclusionAll protocols met minimum FDA standards in reducing bacterial colonization. While limited by sample size and single-center design, this study confirms the OCT-based protocol as a valuable option for preoperative skin asepsis in clean abdominal bovine surgery.
Phylogeny and Taxonomy of the Naematelia aurantialba Complex in Southwestern China
Authors: Tang Jin-Yan , Yang Zhu-Liang 
Published: December 2024

Naematelia aurantialba and its allies are important edible and medicinal mushrooms in China. They are usually called Jiner (金耳) and have been cultivated on a commercial scale. However, due to the lack of DNA sequences from the holotype of Naematelia aurantialba, the taxonomic issues of the species complex are unresolved. In this study, the authors successfully generated DNA sequences from the holotype of N. aurantialba by a genome skimming approach and additional allied species by Sanger sequencing. Based on morphological characteristics, molecular phylogenetic data, and geographic distribution patterns, four species, including three new ones, in the complex in southwestern China were uncovered. Naematelia aurantialba occurs at high altitudes (over 3000 m above sea level), with subalpine dead plants as its substrates, and has larger basidiospores, while the commonly cultivated species, described as N. sinensis in this work, is distributed in subtropical areas at altitudes between 1800 m and 2600 m on the dead wood of subtropical plants and has smaller basidiospores. The third species, namely N. nodulosa, has habitats similar to those of N. sinensis but differs from the latter in its basidiomata with an uneven nodulose surface, a loose context with small internal cavities, and numerous conidia. The fourth species, N. pedicellata, is easily distinguished from the others by its basidia, with long basal stalks and broadly ellipsoid basidiospores measuring 10.5–12.5 × 8.0–10.0 μm. All these species are parasitic on Stereum species. This study provides a solid basis for future guidance for the selection of new strains and cultivation practices of these valuable fungi.
Implementasi Pengelolaan Bank Sampah Berbasis Website Pada TPS3R Bantas Lestari
Authors: NI NENGAH PURNAMA WATI NI NENGAH PURNAMA WATI , I Dewa Gede Agung Wahyu Brahmantha  , I Putu Wahyu Eka Putra Sedana  , Kadek Wira Adhi Kusuma Pratama  , Ni Putu Rika Yulianti  
Published: December 2024

Sampah merupakan permasalahan global yang dihadapi banyak masyarakat, termasuk di Desa Bantas, Selemadeg Timur, Kabupaten Tabanan, Bali. Implementasi pengelolaan sampah di TPS3R Bantas Lestari menghadapi sejumlah kendala, seperti pencatatan transaksi yang masih dilakukan secara manual dan penumpukan sampah akibat kapasitas penampungan yang terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan sistem pengelolaan Bank Sampah berbasis website guna meningkatkan efektivitas dan efisiensi pengelolaan sampah secara berkelanjutan. Sistem yang dikembangkan mengintegrasikan beberapa fitur, antara lain pencatatan jenis dan volume sampah, pendaftaran anggota dan petugas, transaksi point dan saldo, verifikasi tagihan bulanan, laporan, fitur history, dan grafik volume sampah. Sistem ini dibangun menggunakan platform berbasis website dengan perancangan menggunakan ERD (Entity Relationship Diagram), Flowchart, dan perancangan antarmuka. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa sistem berjalan tanpa error, memungkinkan pemantauan dan pengelolaan sampah secara lebih efisien dan transparan. Sistem ini juga membantu masyarakat dalam berpartisipasi aktif dalam pengelolaan sampah, memudahkan transaksi, serta menyediakan laporan dan informasi yang dibutuhkan untuk meningkatkan efektivitas pengelolaan sampah di TPS3R Bantas Lestari.

Kata kunci: Pengelolaan sampah, bank sampah, teknologi website, sistem informasi, TPS3R.
ПОБЕГИ, СОВЕРШАЕМЫЕ ОСУЖДЕННЫМИ, ОТБЫВАЮЩИМИ НАКАЗАНИЕ В КОЛОНИИ-ПОСЕЛЕНИИ: АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ И ПУТИ РЕШЕНИЯ
Authors: Е.А. Симкин , А.В. Орлов 
Published: December 2024

В настоящее время учреждения уголовно-исполнительной системы Российской Федерации (далее – УИС) сталкиваются с серьезными вызовами, обусловленными как внутренними, так и внешними факторами. Одной из основных задач УИС является обеспечение должного контроля за осужденными в колониях-поселениях, что особенно актуально на фоне увеличившегося числа побегов в последнее время. Рост числа побегов указывает на наличие проблем в учреждениях уголовно-исполнительной системы, которые в свою очередь требуют объективной оценки и всестороннего подхода к их решению. По мнению авторов, проблемами в данной сфере являются: обеспечение технических средств надзора, изучение личности осужденных в колонии-поселении, а также контроль за осужденными на выводных производственных объектах. В данной статье проанализированы конкретные случаи побегов в различных регионах России. Авторами предложены меры, способствующие профилактике побегов из колонии-поселения: внесение изменений в правовые нормы для более детального определения требований к оснащению колоний-поселений, внедрение современных инженерных средств наблюдения на выводных объектах, а также ужесточение ответственности за хранение и использование запрещенных предметов. Реализация данных предложений позволит не только снизить риск побегов, но и повысить общую эффективность функционирования указанных учреждений, способствуя укреплению правопорядка и законности.
Currently, the institutions of the penal system are facing serious challenges due to both internal and external factors. One of the main goals of the penal system is to ensure proper control over prisoners in penal colonies. This is especially important in light of the increasing number of escapes in recent years. The increase in escapes indicates problems in the penal system, that require an objective assessment and comprehensive approach to solving them. The main challenges in this area include providing technical means of surveillance, identifying prisoners in the colony, and monitoring prisoners at output facilities. This article analyzes specific cases of escapes from different regions of Russia. The authors propose several measures to help prevent escape from the colony-settlements: amendments to legal regulations for a more detailed definition of requirements for equipping colony-settlements, introduction of modern surveillance tools at departure facilities, and stricter responsibility for the storage and use of prohibited items. These proposals would not only reduce the risk of escape, but also improve the overall efficiency of these institutions and contribute to strengthening law and order.
АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ НАЗНАЧЕНИЯ И ИСПОЛНЕНИЯ УГОЛОВНОГО НАКАЗАНИЯ УСЛОВНО С ИСПЫТАТЕЛЬНЫМ СРОКОМ
Authors: В.В. Асадов 
Published: December 2024

В статье рассматриваются проблемы назначения и исполнения уголовного наказания условно. Актуальность темы исследования определяется тем, что, несмотря на расширение применения наказаний, не связанных с лишением свободы, категория осужденных условно остается наиболее многочисленной. В то же время актуальным остается вопрос об эффективности условного осуждения. Высокий процент неисполнения условно осужденным возложенных на него обязанностей, совершение им повторных преступлений свидетельствует о том, что условное наказание не достигает цели исправления осужденного. Изучение научной литературы, мнения судей и работников уголовно-исполнительных инспекций, а также практики осуществления контроля за условно осужденными привело к выводу о том, что во многом определяющим является комплексное изучение личности лица, совершившего преступление, как на стадии вынесения приговора, так и на стадии его исполнения. На основе проведенного исследования предлагаются меры, направленные на повышение эффективности условного осуждения, в частности, закрепление, в том числе на законодательном уровне, возможности дополнительных обязанностей условно осужденным и назначении дополнительных наказаний.
The article deals with the problems of the appointment and execution of a conditional criminal sentence. The relevance of the research topic is determined by the fact that, despite the expansion of the use of non-custodial punishments, the category of conditionally convicted remains the most numerous. At the same time, the issue of the effectiveness of probation remains relevant. The high percentage of non-fulfillment by the probationer of the duties assigned to him, the commission of repeated crimes by him indicates that the suspended sentence does not achieve the goal of correcting the convict. The study of scientific literature, the opinions of judges and employees of penal enforcement inspections, as well as the practice of monitoring probation prisoners led to the conclusion that in many ways a comprehensive study of the identity of the person who committed the crime, both at the sentencing stage and at the stage of its execution, is decisive. Based on the conducted research, measures aimed at increasing the effect are proposed.