bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
El sector audiovisual como consumo de ocio en la nueva era. La televisión, un medio todavía en auge
Authors: Araújo Vila Noelia , Fraiz José Antonio 
Published: August 2019

La Nueva Era o Sociedad del Ocio, se caracteriza por la aparición de un nuevo consumidor que premia el disfrutar de tiempo libre sobre el ganar más dinero a costa de trabajar más horas. Los productos o servicios más consumidos como parte de este tiempo libre tan apreciado, se encuentran dentro de la industria del ocio, y más concretamente, del sector audiovisual. Emergen nuevos productos o se adaptan a las nuevas tendencias los ya existentes, como la televisión, medio en el que se centra el presente artículo. La televisión, en pleno siglo XXI, sigue mostrando altos índices de audiencias a nivel mundial, a la vez que mantiene su objetivo originario, el informar y formar, a través de su amplia oferta diversificada. Por ello, a través de un estudio cualitativo, se pretende conocer cuál es su situación actual en el panorama nacional.
Clinical profile of scrub typhus patients in a tertiary care centre in Himachal Pradesh, India
Authors: Sharma Ritin , Lal Roshan , Mahajan Sanjay , Chaudhary Satish 
Published: August 2019

Background: Scrub typhus a zoonotic disease caused by gram negative bacteria O. tsutsugamushi, is endemic in Himachal Pradesh. This illness occurs mainly in monsoon and post monsoon season. study design of this study was conducted in a tertiary care centre in Himachal Pradesh between July 2015 and June 2016. All the indoor patients with age above 18 years with a diagnosis of scrub typhus were included in this study.Results: Out of total 180 patients, 130 were female patients. Most patients were in the age group 21-30 (23.3%). All the patients presented with history of fever, but 54 patients presented with high grade fever. Other Most common symptom was chills and rigours (81%), followed by vomiting and headache each 32%, cough 31%. On examination 21% patients had eschar,14% patients had lymphadenopathy. Most number of patients presented in the month of September (51.6%), followed by August (33.3%).Conclusion: Scrub typhus being an important differential of acute undifferentiated fever in this region, should not be missed by primary care physicians, as once multi organ dysfunction sets in, mortality rate starts rising. So, there is a high need of sensitization of doctors and people about this illness so that early diagnosis and early treatment can be ensured.
CLAIM MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK UNDER FIDIC 2017: CONTRACTOR CLAIM SUBMISSION
Authors: EL-Ghrory Ahmed , Bin Tahir Md. Nor Hayati , Ismail Norain Binti 
Published: August 2019

Purpose of the study: The objective of this research is to develop a framework for managing the claim document. The contractual and management issues will be considered in this framework to enhance the Claims Management System (CMS). The framework includes the mechanism of claim submission based on Fédération Internationale Des Ingénieurs Conseils (FIDIC) 2017 clauses and procedures.
Methodology: Qualitative methodology has been selected for this paper as the topic requires a collection of sensitive information from an experienced professional. The proposed CM framework developed based on, a study conducted to rank the feature required for CMS. This study has been conducted among 43 experts in Claims Management (CM) field working on contractor firm’s category A. Then, the framework verified by 7 experts who participate in the first study.
Main Findings: Eleven features were required for CMS that can enhance contractor claim submission. These factors have a different level of importance. The top three factors are Tracking Claim Status (99.5%), Supporting all types of document (96.3%), Centralized Database (93.0%). Based on these features, the proposed framework developed to improve contractor claim submission.
Applications of this study: Applying the proposed framework will reduce human effort in getting document related to claims by its systematic recording, transparency, a reminder feature, contractual guide, friendly user and other features of the system. Moreover, it will provide the contractual support pursuant to FIDIC 2017 clauses.
Novelty/Originality of this study: The framework will improve contractor claim submission and the contractor will be satisfied by claim resolution and engineer determination. Side by side the framework will save about 50% of time consumed (d is missing) by the claims analysts that usually spent in collecting information, screening and identifying related claim event document in the project’s documentation.
Economic growth and height of youth: a panel data analysis on 27 provinces in China, 1985–2014
Authors: YU Ke Hong , Gan Xiao Mei , WEN Xu 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background: This study aimed to empirically examine the influence of China’s macroeconomic development on the height of Chinese youth in the past 30 years, using provincial panel data collected from more than one million children.
Methods: Panel data from seven longitudinal surveys (1985, 1991, 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010, and 2014) of the Chinese National Surveys on Students’ Constitution and Health, including students aged 7–22 years from 27 provinces, were utilized for data analysis. Fixed-effects models were used to estimate the association between economic growth and height.
Results: For every 1% increase in per capita disposable income (PCDI), the average height of students significantly increased by approximately 0.009%. Stated another way, this implies that a doubling of income is associated with 0.9% increase in height, which is significant for height. The coefficient of PCDI in the last decade is higher than that of in the early two decades. The average height of boys was approximately 3.9% higher than that of girls. The average height difference between high and low ages in the sample was 1.9%. The impact of policies on students' height was extremely small and may have little practical significance.
Conclusion: China’s economic growth has a significant positive effect on the height of urban Chinese students without stagnation.
Individual and Area Level Factors of Low Birth Weight in Ethiopia: Evidence from Ethiopian Demographic Health Survey 2016: Multilevel Modeling
Authors: Weldemariam Kibrom Taame , Gezae Kebede Embaye , Abebe Haftom Temesgen , Tsegay Tsegay Teklu 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background

Low birth weight is one of the critical issues in Ethiopia that causes many babies’ short- term and long-term health consequences. In Ethiopia, low birth weight is increasing; however, limited evidences of multilevel factors associated with low birth weight in the study setting, Ethiopia.

Objective

The objective of this study was to assess individual and area level factors of Low Birth Weight in Ethiopia: from Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey 2016.

Methods

The data were extracted from the 2016 Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey. For analysis a sample of 2110 birth weights within five years preceding the survey were included. The analysis was carried out using STATA software version 14. A two level mixed effects logistic regression analysis was used to estimate both the fixed effects of the individual and contextual factors and the random effects of the between cluster difference. Adjusted Odds Ratio with 95% Confidence Interval to express measures of association and Intra Class Correlation to express measures of variation were used.

Results

A total of 2110 children nested within 445 clusters were included in the analysis. Among them, 13% were with low birth weight. The ICC implied 11.7% of the variance in low birth weight was attributable to Area level unobservable factors. At individual level; multiple birth (AOR=2.74; 95%CI: 1.450-5.184), preterm birth (AOR=4.83; 95%CI: 2.644-8.830), anemic mothers (AOR=1.49; 95% CI: 1.069-2.092), six and above birth order (AOR=0.42; 95%CI: 0.242-0.752), mothers with primary educational level (AOR=0.61; 95%CI: 0.418-0.896) and secondary/higher educational level (AOR=0.39; 95%CI: 0.252-0.612) as well as region from Area level were significantly associated with low birth weight.

Conclusion

The results of this study showed that multiple births, anemic mothers, birth order, not-educated mothers and preterm gestational age at birth were significant factors of low birth weight. Hence, switching off/on the significant factors accordingly could reduce the risk of having low birth weight child.
The hyporeflective fern-like pattern on deep-layer en face images of acute central retinal artery occlusion
Authors: Hoshino Junki , Akiyama Hideo , Magori Mikiya , Mukai Ryo , Matsumoto Hidetaka 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background

We examined B-mode and en face images of swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) from patients with central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO), and investigated associations between their characteristics and prognosis for visual acuity.

Methods

We retrospectively investigated 11 eyes in 11 patients with CRAO who underwent swept-source OCTA (PLEX Elite 9000®; Carl Zeiss, Dublin, California, USA) and SS-OCT (DRI OCT-1 Atlantis, Topcon, Tokyo, Japan) at the acute phase and 1 month after onset.

Results

Fern-like hyporeflective patterns aligned with the superficial arterioles were observed in acute-phase deep-layer en face images from 4 patients. Patients who exhibited these hyporeflective fern-like patterns were categorized as Group A, and all other patients as Group B. No significant difference in best-corrected visual acuity at initial examination was seen between the groups. At one month after onset, best-corrected visual acuity was significantly better in Group A, and retinal thinning also tended to be milder.

Conclusions

Our results indicate that a hyporeflective fern-like pattern in acute CRAO may suggest good prognosis.
Corneal UV Protective Effects Of A Topical Antioxidant Formulation: A Pilot Study On In Vivo Rabbits
Authors: Bartollino Silvia , VIZZARRI FRANCESCO , PALAZZO MARISA , Ondruska Lubomir , CASAMASSIMA DONATO , CARUSO CIRO , GUERRA GERMANO , MEROLLA FRANCESCO , COSTAGLIOLA CIRO 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background The purpose of this study has been to evaluate the protective effect of a topical antioxidant and UV schielding action formulation containing riboflavin, d-α-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol (TPGS vitamin E), against corneal UV-induced damage in vivo rabbit eyes.
Methods For the evaluation, in vivo experiments were performed using twelve male albino rabbits. Animals were divided into 4 groups of 3 animals each: control group (CG) didn’t receive any UV irradiation; the first group (IG) was irradiated with an UV-B - UV-A lamp for 30 min; the second (IG30) and the third (IG60) groups received UV irradiation for 30 and 60 minutes, respectively, and were topically treated with 1 drop (approximately 50 µl) of the antioxidant and shielding formulation every 15 minutes, starting one hour before irradiation, until the end of UV exposure.
Results The cornea of IG group showed irregular thickening, detachment of residual fragments of the Descemet membrane, stromal fluid swelling with consequent collagen fibers disorganization and disruption, and inflammation. The cornea of G30 group showed edema, a mild thickening of Descemet membrane without fibrillar collagen disruption and focal discoloration, nor inflammation. In the G60 group cornea showed a more severe thickening of the cornea, a more abundant fluid accumulation underneath the Descemet membrane, with focal detachment of the same, and no signs of severe tissue alterations, as those recorded in the IG group.
Conclusion Our results demonstrate that a topical application of eye drops containing riboflavin, d-α-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol (TPGS vitamin E) counteracts UV corneal injury in exposed rabbits.
Utility of Fiberoptic Bronchoscopy at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Authors: Ahmed Fahmi Oumer , Parekh Madhavi J. , Binegdie Amsalu Bekele , Tolessa Tola Bayisa , Brandli Otto , Schluger Neil W. , sherman Charles B. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Objective Fiberoptic bronchoscopy (FOB) is a widely used tool in the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary diseases. However, little is known regarding the indications and diagnostic yield of FOB in Ethiopia. The objective of this study was to determine the indications and diagnostic yield of FOB at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital (TASH), the largest public health hospital in Ethiopia. Results In this retrospective chart review, all patients undergoing FOB between January and December 2013 in the bronchoscopy suite were studied. Data included: patient demographics, smoking, HIV status, procedure indications, and microbiologic, cytological and pathologic results. During the study period, 141 patients underwent FOB. The mean age was 42 years; 90(63%) were men. Among those whose smoking status was known, 15% were current or former smokers. The most common indications for FOB were: lung mass (presumed malignancy) 54% (76), tuberculosis 13% (18), and pleural effusion with possible underlying lung cancer 9%(13). 65 patients had endobronchial and/or transbronchial biopsies; 48% (31/65) were diagnostic and of these 68% (21/31) had malignancies. 57 patients had BAL performed; 33% (19/57) were diagnostic and of these 37% (7/19) had tuberculosis. We found that bronchoscopy was a safe and effective tool for diagnosing lung disease in Ethiopia.
A single-center, prospective, randomized clinical trial to study the effectiveness of exercise therapy in patients with CI-type Osteonecrosis of the femoral head: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Wu Zhi ming , Zhang Ming jia , Chen Hai cheng , Yang Zhao jun , Wu Peng , Yue Zhi jun , Nie Duo rui , Zhou Chi 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
[EXSCINDED] Background Appropriate exercise training is beneficial to improve the clinical efficacy and early recovery of patients with Osteonecrosis of the femoral head. There is currently no effective lifestyle recommendation for patients with Osteonecrosis of the femoral head and lack of data demonstrating the clinical efficacy of exercise therapy for patients with Osteonecrosis of the femoral head. Our study is aimed to determine the effectiveness of exercise in the treatment of CI-type Osteonecrosis of the femoral head.Design 866 participants who met the inclusion criteria will be randomly assigned to the experimental or control group. The experimental group will carry out a two-year shock wave treatment with exercise training and oral Tongluo Shenggu Jiaonang treatment, the control group will only carry out a two-year shock wave treatment with oral Tongluo Shenggu Jiaonang intervention. The clinical efficacy and imaging changes between the two groups will be compared to determine if exercise training is helpful for Osteonecrosis of the femoral head.Discussion This is a prospective, single-center, randomized controlled trial to determine if exercise training is effective for Osteonecrosis of the femoral head.
Central pancreatectomy combined with end-to-end anastomosis reconstruction versus conventional central pancreatectomy in robotic surgery: study protocol for a randomized clinical trial
Authors: ZHU LIN , Zhang Gong , Li Jizhe , Zhang Haifeng , Huang Fei , Liu Rong , Wang Fei 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
[EXSCINDED]
Abstract
Abstract

Background
Central pancreatectomy (CP) is an ideal surgery option for benign and low malignant potential lesions in the neck and body of pancreas. CP maintains pancreatic endocrine and exocrine function better than distal pancreatectomy and pancreaticoduodenectomy, but it has a higher risk of pancreatic fistula1. Up to now, CP reported by Dagradi and Serio2 is the standard procedure. But our four-year experience suggests CP with end-to-end anastomosis could reduce pancreatic fistula and other complication rates. The aim of the trial is to investigate whether the CP combined with end-to-end anastomosis reconstruction approach can reduce the fistula rate of patients with pancreatic neck and body benign and low malignant lesions compared with the conventional approach. We hypothesize that CP combined with end-to-end anastomosis could be an alternative procedure of conventional CP.Methods/design

The trial is a single center, randomized controlled trial with two parallel research group. The trial compares the possible advantages of CP combined with end-to-end anastomosis to conventional CP in robotic surgery. One hundred and seventy patients with pancreatic neck and body benign and low malignant lesions in Chinese People’s Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital will be enrolled. The patients will be divided into two groups randomly. One group will choose CP with end-to-end anastomosis while the other group will use conventional CP. The primary endpoint will be postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) rate.Discussion

There is no randomized clinical trial to estimate the advantages of CP with end-to-end anastomosis reconstruction.
The CP with end-to-end anastomosis reconstruction in robotic surgery was first reported by Professor Liu in our department, and professional surgical techniques can reduce confounding factors and have high recruitment rate. For our research is a randomized clinical trial, we can provide high quality evidence on CP standard.
Factors associated with undernutrition among children with sickle cell disease attending the sickle cell clinic in Mulago hospital, Uganda
Authors: Asiimwe Rosta , Kananura Rornald Muhumuza , Kajjura Richard , Yeka Adoke 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is among the neglected non-communicable diseases, which significantly contributes to early childhood mortality. In Uganda, over 20,000 children are estimated to be sicklers. Undernutrition is common among children with SCD and contributes to increased morbidity and mortality. There is paucity of data on prevalence of undernutrition and associated factors in Uganda.

Objective

To assess the extent of undernutrition and related factors among children aged 5-12 years with SCD attending the sickle cell clinic at Mulago hospital, Uganda.

Methods

A total of 263 children with SCD attending the sickle cell clinic at Mulago National Referral hospital were recruited consecutively between May and June 2017. The nutritional status of the children was assessed by weight-for-age, BMI-for-age, and height-for-age z-scores calculated using STATA in accordance with WHO 2007 growth standards. Binomial regression was conducted to assess the predictors of undernutrition.

Results

About20.2%, 11.4%, and 13.7% of the children were underweight, wasted and stunted respectively. Wasting was significantly associated with older age (10-12 years) (AOR=4.20, CI=2.18-8.10) and living in a female headed household (AOR=0.43, CI=0.19-0.99). Stunting was significantly associated with older age (10-12years) (AOR=2.90, CI=1.39-6.06). Underweight was significantly associated with older age (10-12 years) (AOR=2.23, CI=1.05-5.16).

Conclusion

Underweight, wasting and stunting were prevalent among children with SCD attending Mulago hospital. The factors associated with undernutrition were older age and living in a female headed household.
Evas en tiempos de Chaplin: cambios y continuidades en un paradigma femenino. 1913-1951
Authors: Arciniegas Castellanos Francely , Calderón Diego Francisco , Castaño Pareja Yoer Javier , Martínez Angel Rinaldy , Manosalvo Mendoza Edwin , Rangel Raúl David , León Yany Lizeth , Mestizo Carmen Alicia , García Pérez Felipe 
Published: August 2019

El presente artículo busca presentar el análisis realizado por un equipo de investigadores, estudiantes de maestría, interesados en comprender cuál era el modelo de género propuesto para la construcción del Estado-nación en la Colombia de la primera mitad del siglo XX. Para ello, se escogieron tres revistas, entendiendo que éstas buscaban cumplir una función social formadora, como sus mismos redactores lo reconocían en los primeros números editados. Desde esta función, las revistas proponen los modelos que definien el ser de la mujer y hombre para esta época, consolidando patrones de conducta sociales que hoy aun persisten en los imaginarios sociales de Santander y Colombia.
Un acercamiento a la significación y enfoques metodológicos para el análisis político desde observatorios en Latinoamérica
Authors: Valenzuela Acosta Luz Ángela 
Published: August 2019

Este artículo pretende dar a conocer algunos resultados obtenidos (de investigación y proyección social) desde la realidad observada tanto en el ámbito nacional como internacional, respecto de temas socio-políticos y económicos de interés general a través de los observatorios de política, de acuerdo con el trabajo de investigación denominado: “Estado del arte sobre enfoques de análisis político para observatorios en Latinoamérica (2002-2012)”. La iniciativa de esta investigación, fue motivada por la necesidad de ofrecer bases teóricas, metodológicas y conceptuales sólidas para la investigación y monitoreo de asuntos políticos latinoamericanos, teniendo en cuenta que actualmente y a pesar de la gran proliferación de observatorios políticos en todo el mundo (especialmente en Colombia y América Latina), no se encuentra un trabajo de este tipo, que brinde un balance sobre los diferentes enfoques teóricos y metodológicos utilizados en las experiencias de observación.Las reflexiones y análisis propuestos en esta investigación, brindan una aproximación a la fundamentación que podría tener una nueva iniciativa para la formalización y/o creación de observatorios de política, y específicamente para que sean aplicados al Observatorio de Política Latinoamericana – OPLA, fortalecido en los dos últimos años, a partir de cuatro (4) áreas estratégicasde interacción con otros observatorios desde diversos análisis de coyuntura y eventos académicos denominadas ventanas de observación: Justicia Ambiental y Gobernanza; Religión, Sociedad y Política; Poblaciones, Políticas Públicas y Fenómenos Jurídicos; y Política Internacional, Globalización y Territorio. Están enmarcadas en la filosofía de los lineamientos establecidos para los programasde Derecho, Relaciones Internacionales y Ciencia Política, que la Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Políticas de la Universidad de San Buenaventura, Sede Bogotá, ofrece.