bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ética y poética en el juego teatral de Reikiavik de Juan Mayorga
Authors: Martín Lago Zoe 
Published: February 2018

Reikiavik es una obra sobre el poder de la imaginación y de la memoria, como afirma su autor, y es también una obra que juega con la identidad individual y colectiva, como afirma su director. Juan Mayorga, que asume tanto la dramaturgia como la dirección escénica de esta pieza, propone un viaje en el que, como voyeurs, asistiremos a la partida de ajedrez que marcó la historia del ajedrez y de la Guerra Fría. La idea de ‘juego teatral’, que caracteriza tanto la estrategia dramatúrgica como la puesta en escena de la pieza, será el hilo conductor que nos lleve a analizar la construcción poética del texto y sus implicaciones éticas, asumiendo que el acto teatral debe abrir un espacio para el diálogo, la reflexión y la crítica no sólo en el marco de la propia obra, sino –lo que es más importante- entre la representación y el espectador.
¿Qué hubiera sido de Edipo sin Aristóteles y sin Freud?
Authors: Gámez Millán Sebastián 
Published: February 2018

Edipo rey, de Sófocles, no se hubiera convertido en una tragedia “modélica” si no hubiera gozado de una amplia y reconocida recepción, sobre todo, por parte dos de sus intérpretes más decisivos e influyentes: Aristóteles y Freud. En este artículo analizamos los principales argumentos que ofrece Aristóteles en la Poética: a) la forma más apropiada de reconocimiento; b) el uso del coro; c) la argumentación verosímil; d) la concentración necesaria. Freud descubre en esta tragedia una estructura antropológica del deseo inconsciente de los seres humanos. Por último, expondremos los argumentos filosóficos de Kaufmann: a) la inseguridad radical del ser humano; b) la ceguera; c) la maldición del conocimiento; d) la inevitabilidad de la tragedia; d) el cuestionamiento de la justicia.Oedipus king, by Sophocles, would not have become a “model” tragedy if he had not enjoyed a wide and recognised reception, especially by two of his most decisive and influential interpreters: Aristotle and Freud. In this article we analyze the main arguments that Aristotle offers in the Poetics: a) the most appropriate form of recognition; b) the use of the choir; c) the plausible argumentation; d) the necessary concentration. Freud discovers in this tragedy an anthropological structure of the unconscious desire of the human beings. Finally, we will expose the philosophical arguments of Kaufmann: a) the radical insecurity of the human being; b) blindness; d) the curse of knowledge; d)the inevitability of the tragedy; e) the questioning of justice.
Alegoría barroca e imagen dialéctica: el esfuerzo de Walter Benjamin y Theodor W. Adorno para pensar la dialéctica de la naturaleza y la forma estética
Authors: Vidal Mayor Vanessa 
Published: February 2018

El artículo expone en la primera parte la concepción de la forma estética alegoría en El origen del drama barroco alemán de Walter Benjamin y el modo en que Adorno se apropia de esta concepción para construir su idea de historia natural. La segundaparte del artículo se centra en exponer la relación de las alegorías con las imágenes dialécticas de la Exposé de 1935 para La obra de los pasajes y la crítica constructiva que hace Adorno a las mismas en la Carta-Hornberg. El artículo pretende mostrar el esfuerzo común de ambos pensadores para abordar el problema de la forma estética y su relación con la dialéctica y la naturaleza.This article offers in the first part an exposition of the aesthetic form allegory in Walter Benjamin’s ‘The origin of the German tragic drama’ and the way in which Adorno appropriates the allegory to build his idea of natural history. The secondpart of the article focuses on exposing the liaison between allegories and dialectical images of the 1935 Exposé to “The work of the passages” and Adorno´s constructive criticism to them in the Hornberg letter. The article aims to show the common effort of both thinkers to address the problem of the aesthetic form and its relation to dialectics and nature.
Estudios Visuales. Giros entre la crítica de la representación y la ciencia de la imagen
Authors: Martínez Luna Sergio 
Published: February 2018

El artículo ofrece un panorama de los Estudios Visuales a partir de una revisión de algunos de los primeros debates en torno a este campo de estudio. Uno de los aspectos más problemáticos de esos Estudios es su consistencia epistemológica como disciplina. Debido a su carácter interdisciplinar a menudo se desplazan hacia otros campos, como el de los Media Studies. Como los Estudios Visuales parten de la idea de que la visión, la mirada y las imágenes son constructos culturales sus desarrollos se orientan hacia la crítica de larepresentación y el análisis social e ideológico. Pero las transformaciones de la cultura visual contemporánea apuntan a un cambio de paradigma en las relaciones entre imágenes y lenguaje. Las imágenes son mediadoras de sí mismas con agencia y fuerza perfomativa. Ello plantea la pregunta por la posibilidad de una ciencia de la imagen capaz de explicar los modos específicos por los que las imágenes producen sentido. Para ello el artículo invita al debate entre los enfoques de los Estudios Visuales anglosajones y los de la Bildwissenschaft alemana.The article provides an overview of the initial debates around Visual Studies based on a review of the initial debates in the field. One of the most challenging points of these Studies is its epistemological consistency as a discipline. Dueto its interdisciplinary character, Visual Studies often shift towards others fields, such as Media Studies. As Visual Studies start from the idea that vision, gaze and images are cultural constructs its development is oriented to the critique ofrepresentation and the social and ideological analysis. However, contemporary visual culture transformations point to a change of paradigm in the relationship between images and language. Images are mediations of themselves with agency and performative force. That raises the question as to whether a science of image able to explain the specific ways in which images produce meaningis possible. To this end, the article invites debate between Anglo-Saxon Visual Studies and German Bildwissenschaft.
New Method to Calculate the Time Variation of the Force Field Parameter
Authors: Santiago A. , Lara A. , Enríquez‐Rivera O. , Caballero‐Lopez R. A. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractGalactic cosmic rays (CRs) entering the heliosphere are affected by interplanetary magnetic fields and solar wind disturbances resulting in the modulation of the CR total flux observed in the inner heliosphere. The so‐called force field model is often used to compute the galactic CR spectrum modulated by the solar activity due to the fact that it characterizes this process by only one parameter (the modulation potential, ϕ). In this work, we present two types of an empirical simplification (ES) method used to reconstruct the time variation of the modulation potential (Δϕ). Our ES offers a simple and fast alternative to compute the Δϕ at any desired time. The first ES type is based on the empirical fact that the dependence between Δϕ and neutron monitor (NM) count rates can be parameterized by a second‐degree polynomial. The second ES type is based on the assumption that there is a inverse relation between Δϕ and NM count rates. We report the parameters found for the two types, which may be used to compute Δϕ for some NMs in a very fast and efficient way. In order to test the validity of the proposed ES, we compare our results with Δϕ obtained from literature. Finally, we apply our method to obtain the proton and helium spectra of primary CRs near the Earth at four randomly selected times.
Using WRF‐Urban to Assess Summertime Air Conditioning Electric Loads and Their Impacts on Urban Weather in Beijing
Authors: Xu Xiaoyu , Chen Fei , Shen Shuanghe , Miao Shiguang , Barlage Michael , Guo Wenli , Mahalov Alex 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe air conditioning (AC) electric loads and their impacts on local weather over Beijing during a 5 day heat wave event in 2010 are investigated by using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model, in which the Noah land surface model with multiparameterization options (Noah‐MP) is coupled to the multilayer Building Effect Parameterization and Building Energy Model (BEP+BEM). Compared to the legacy Noah scheme coupled to BEP+BEM, this modeling system shows a better performance, decreasing the root‐mean‐square error of 2 m air temperature to 1.9°C for urban stations. The simulated AC electric loads in suburban and rural districts are significantly improved by introducing the urban class‐dependent building cooled fraction. Analysis reveals that the observed AC electric loads in each district are characterized by a common double peak at 3 p.m. and at 9 p.m. local standard time, and the incorporation of more realistic AC working schedules helps reproduce the evening peak. Waste heat from AC systems has a smaller effect (~1°C) on the afternoon 2 m air temperature than the evening one (1.5~2.4°C) if AC systems work for 24 h and vent sensible waste heat into air. Influences of AC systems can only reach up to ~400 m above the ground for the evening air temperature and humidity due to a shallower urban boundary layer than daytime. Spatially varying maps of AC working schedules and the ratio of sensible to latent waste heat release are critical for correctly simulating the cooling electric loads and capturing the thermal stratification of urban boundary layer.
Addendum zu Benzol [BAT Value Documentation in German language, 2018]
Authors: Kraus T. , Bader M. , Klotz K. , Weistenhöfer W. , Drexler H. , Hartwig A. ,   MAK Commission
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe German Commission for the Investigation of Health Hazards of Chemical Compounds in the Work Area has derived biological reference values (BAR) and re‐evaluated the exposure equivalents for carcinogenic substances (EKA) for the urinary benzene metabolites S‐phenyl mercapturic acid, muconic acid and benzene in 2016. Available publications are described in detail.The existing exposure equivalents for carcinogenic substances (EKA) for the benzene metabolites were re‐evaluated and extended especially to the low exposure range. For the parameter benzene in urine, new EKA were established.Taking results of studies into consideration with persons of the general population occupationally not exposed to benzene, with sufficient number of cases and current biomonitoring methods, biological reference values (BAR) of 0.3 µg S‐phenyl mercapturic acid/g creatinine, 150 µg muconic acid/g creatinine and 0.3 µg benzene/l urine were established. Sampling time is at the end of exposure or the end of the working shift.
Copper and its inorganic compounds [BAT Value Documentation, 2017]
Authors: Letzel S. , Roßbach B. , Drexler H. , Hartwig A. ,   MAK Commission
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe German Commission for the Investigation of Health Hazards of Chemical Compounds in the Work Area has evaluated copper (CAS No7440‐50‐8) in 2016.Due to the homeostatic regulation of copper there is no correlation between copper exposure in air and copper in blood or urine. Neither increased inhalation exposure higher than the MAK value of 0.01 mg copper/m3nor increased oral supply lead to an increase of copper in blood or urine, even if first signs of exposure such as increased C‐reactive protein (CRP) are observed. An additional occupational burden cannot be differentiated from physiological levels of copper. Therefore, the evaluation of a biological tolerance value (BAT value) and a biological reference value (“Biologischer Arbeitsstoff‐Referenzwert” (BAR)) for copper and its inorganic compounds is not indicated.
Anilin [MAK Value Documentation in German language, 2018]
Authors: Hartwig A. ,   MAK Commission
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe German Commission for the Investigation of Health Hazards of Chemical Compounds in the Work Area has re‐evaluated the maximum concentration at the workplace (MAK value) for aniline [62‐53‐3]. Available publications and unpublished study reports are described in detail.Healthy male and female volunteers showed increased methemoglobin values in a 6‐hour‐inhalation‐study with exposure to 2 ml aniline/m3. The median methemoglobin augmentation was 0.5 % from the base level of 0.7 % to 1.2 % methemoglobin. Even taking into account the highest observed increase of methemoglobin, 8 hour‐exposure time and the increased respiratory volume at the workplace, a methemoglobin value of more than 5 % would not be expected. Based on this, the MAK value for aniline of 2 ml/m3(7.7 mg/m3) is confirmed. Aniline is still assigned to Peak Limitation Category II, because systemic effects are critical and the excursion factor of 2 is confirmed. Skin contact is expected to contribute significantly to the systemic toxicity. Therefore, the designation with an “H” is confirmed. Aniline continues to be designated with “Sh” and assigned to Carcinogenicity Category 4.
Hydrodynamically Guided Hierarchical Self‐Assembly of Peptide–Protein Bioinks
Authors: Hedegaard Clara L. , Collin Estelle C. , Redondo‐Gómez Carlos , Nguyen Luong T. H. , Ng Kee Woei , Castrejón‐Pita Alfonso A. , Castrejón‐Pita J. Rafael , Mata Alvaro 
Published: February 2018

AbstractEffective integration of molecular self‐assembly and additive manufacturing would provide a technological leap in bioprinting. This article reports on a biofabrication system based on the hydrodynamically guided co‐assembly of peptide amphiphiles (PAs) with naturally occurring biomolecules and proteins to generate hierarchical constructs with tuneable molecular composition and structural control. The system takes advantage of droplet‐on‐demand inkjet printing to exploit interfacial fluid forces and guide molecular self‐assembly into aligned or disordered nanofibers, hydrogel structures of different geometries and sizes, surface topographies, and higher‐ordered constructs bound by molecular diffusion. PAs are designed to co‐assemble during printing in cell diluent conditions with a range of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins and biomolecules including fibronectin, collagen, keratin, elastin‐like proteins, and hyaluronic acid. Using combinations of these molecules, NIH‐3T3 and adipose derived stem cells are bioprinted within complex structures while exhibiting high cell viability (>88%). By integrating self‐assembly with 3D‐bioprinting, the study introduces a novel biofabrication platform capable of encapsulating and spatially distributing multiple cell types within tuneable pericellular environments. In this way, the work demonstrates the potential of the approach to generate complex bioactive scaffolds for applications such as tissue engineering, in vitro models, and drug screening.
CdS Nanoribbon‐Based Resistive Switches with Ultrawidely Tunable Power by Surface Charge Transfer Doping
Authors: Shao Zhibin , Jie Jiansheng , Jiang Tianhao , Wu Xiaofeng , Li Ke , Xia Feifei , Zhang Xiujuan , Zhang Xiaohong 
Published: February 2018

AbstractTraditional metal–insulator–metal (MIM)‐based resistive switches (RS) possess a high operating current, which can be read directly without an amplifier yet will inevitably produce large power consumption. Rational control of the energy consumption of RS devices is surely desirable to achieve the energy‐efficient purpose in a variety of practical applications. Here a surface charge transfer doping (SCTD) strategy is reported to manipulate the operating current as well as power consumption of the RS devices by using doped CdS nanoribbon (NR) as a rheostat. By controlling the concentration of surface dopant of MoO3, the conductivity of doped CdS NR can be tuned in a wide range of nine orders of magnitude, showing the transition from insulator to semiconductor and to conductor. On the basis of CdS NRs with controllable conductivity, the as‐fabricated RS devices exhibit an ultrawidely tunable‐power consumption from 1 nW, the lowest value reported so far, to 0.1 mW, which is close to the typical values of MIM‐based RS devices. In view of the high controllability of the SCTD method, this work opens up unique opportunities for future energy‐efficient, performance‐tunable, and multifunctional RS devices based on semiconductor nanostructures.
Synthetic Transient Crosslinks Program the Mechanics of Soft, Biopolymer‐Based Materials
Authors: Lorenz Jessica S. , Schnauß Jörg , Glaser Martin , Sajfutdinow Martin , Schuldt Carsten , Käs Josef A. , Smith David M. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractActin networks are adaptive materials enabling dynamic and static functions of living cells. A central element for tuning their underlying structural and mechanical properties is the ability to reversibly connect, i.e., transiently crosslink, filaments within the networks. Natural crosslinkers, however, vary across many parameters. Therefore, systematically studying the impact of their fundamental properties like size and binding strength is unfeasible since their structural parameters cannot be independently tuned. Herein, this problem is circumvented by employing a modular strategy to construct purely synthetic actin crosslinkers from DNA and peptides. These crosslinkers mimic both intuitive and noncanonical mechanical properties of their natural counterparts. By isolating binding affinity as the primary control parameter, effects on structural and dynamic behaviors of actin networks are characterized. A concentration‐dependent triphasic behavior arises from both strong and weak crosslinkers due to emergent structural polymorphism. Beyond a certain threshold, strong binding leads to a nonmonotonic elastic pulse, which is a consequence of self‐destruction of the mechanical structure of the underlying network. The modular design also facilitates an orthogonal regulatory mechanism based on enzymatic cleaving. This approach can be used to guide the rational design of further biomimetic components for programmable modulation of the properties of biomaterials and cells.
The WITS Atlas: A Black Southern African dental atlas for permanent tooth formation and emergence
Authors: Esan Temitope A. , Schepartz Lynne A. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractCurrent dental maturity charts, such as the widely applied London atlas, do not take into consideration advanced tooth emergence and formation patterns observed in children of African ancestry. The result is inaccurate age estimation in Southern Africa, a region where there is great forensic and anthropological need for reliable age estimation.ObjectivesTo develop a population‐specific atlas of permanent tooth emergence and formation for age estimation of Black Southern Africans.Materials and MethodsUsing data from a cross‐sectional study of 642 school children aged 5–20 years, panoramic radiographs taken during routine dental examination in a mobile treatment van were analyzed using the Demirjian method of eight (A–H) tooth formation stages. Tables of the stages of tooth development for each tooth, including the third molars, were generated separately for age cohorts and by sex. The most frequently occurring (modal) stage of tooth formation was considered the signature developmental stage for the age. The relationship of the third molar occlusal surfaces with occlusal tables on the radiographs were checked and compared with the findings recorded during intra oral examination.ResultsComparison with the London atlas shows that at age 9.5 years, the canine and premolar emergence are at least one year ahead and the third molar formation completes four years earlier in the WITS Atlas.DiscussionSimilarities in advancement in tooth formation and emergence across sub‐Saharan Africa suggest that the WITS Atlas can be used for those populations as well.
Ge14Br8(PEt3)4: Ein Subhalogenidcluster des Germaniums
Authors: Kunz Tanja , Schrenk Claudio , Schnepf Andreas 
Published: February 2018

AbstractDas Erwärmen einer metastabilen GeIBr‐Lösung auf Raumtemperatur führt zum ersten strukturell charakterisierten, metalloiden Subhalogenidcluster Ge14Br8(PEt3)4 (1). Des Weiteren kann 1 als der erste isolierte binäre Halogenidcluster auf dem Weg von GeIBr zu elementarem Germanium gesehen werden, welcher Einblick in den komplexen Reaktionsmechanismus der Disproportionierungsreaktion gewährt. Quantenchemische Rechnungen weisen zusätzlich darauf hin, dass in 1 eine klassische Bindungssituation realisiert wird und dass der letzte Schritt bei der Bildung von 1 das Einfangen von GeBr2‐Molekülen sein könnte.
Ge14Br8(PEt3)4: A Subhalide Cluster of Germanium
Authors: Kunz Tanja , Schrenk Claudio , Schnepf Andreas 
Published: February 2018

AbstractHeating a metastable solution of GeIBr to room temperature led to the first structurally characterized metalloid subhalide cluster Ge14Br8(PEt3)4 (1). Furthermore 1 can be seen as the first isolated binary halide cluster on the way from GeIBr to elemental germanium, giving insight into the complex reaction mechanism of its disproportionation reaction. Quantum chemical calculations further indicate that a classical bonding situation is realized within 1 and that the last step of the formation of 1 might include the trapping of GeBr2 units.
Synthesis of (R)‐ and (S)‐Ricinoleic Acid Amides and Evaluation of Their Antimicrobial Activity
Authors: Matysiak Sylwia , Zabielska Julia , Kula Józef , Kunicka‐Styczyńska Alina 
Published: February 2018

AbstractA series of fatty acid amides derived from (R)‐ and (S)‐ricinoleic acid and 4 cyclic and acyclic amines were synthesized in a proecological solvent‐free process with yields ranging from 43 to 88%. All S‐configured compounds and both enantiomers of amide with 2‐amino‐2‐methyl‐1‐propanol were obtained and studied in terms of biological activity for the first time. The evaluation of antimicrobial activity of (R)‐ and (S)‐ricinoleic acid derivatives against 13 different microorganisms representing Gram‐negative and Gram‐positive bacteria, yeast, and molds showed significant inhibitory activity against Gram‐positive bacteria, especially Micrococcus luteus and Bacillus subtilis, and against selected molds. Ethanolamine‐ and pyrrolidine‐derived amides showed the most promising antibacterial and antimold potential. Derivatives from ricinoleic acid and pyrrolidine were the most active against both selected molds, Aspergillus brasiliensis and Penicillium expansum. Moreover, the R‐configured analog was the most potent against B. subtilis. The amides of ricinoleic acid with ethanolamine exhibited significant potential to Staphylococcus aureus, which distinguished them from the rest of tested derivatives to which this bacterium was very resistant.