bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Guaiacol formation in apple juice, effect of selected additives on Alicyclobacillus growth
Authors: Fabíková I. , Voldřich M. , Ševčík R. , Hönigová P. , Čeřovský M. 
Published: February 2018

Disinfectant or card-board off-flavour formation was observed in the batch of pasteurised reconstituted apple juice. Aroma profile of products was analysed using SPME and GC/MS, guaiacol was detected in the apple juice sample as well as apple concentrate. Sporulating bacteria Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris, which are able to growth in acidic conditions were isolated and identified as the cause of the off flavour formation. The possibilities of flavour formation inhibition using various additives were evaluated. The inhibitory effect of nisin, sulphur dioxide, benzoic acid and EDTA was followed. The best way of prevention is the sufficient washing and disinfection of apples prior the processing e.g. using chlorine dioxide. But when the treatment is insufficient and contaminated apples are to be processed the tested additives can prolong the lag phase and increase product stability. The inhibitory effect of the tested additives decreased in the order: benzoic acid, EDTA, nisin and sulphur dioxide.
Comparison of two methods for acrylamide determination and dietary intake of acrylamide from potato crisps in Slovakia
Authors: Ciesarová Z. , Balasová V. , Kiss E. , Kolek E. , Šimko P. , Kováč M. 
Published: February 2018

Two GC/MS methods for acrylamide determination in potato crisps were used. By the method without derivatisation the presence of acrylamide was confirmed. The quantities of acrylamide were compared by the bromination method with <sup>13</sup>C<sub>3</sub>-acrylamide and D<sub>3</sub>-acrylamide as internal standards. A suitable agreement between the results obtained from two independent laboratories was achieved; the difference was less than 5%. Using average level of acrylamide in crisps 986.5 μg/kg and mean consumption data on potato crisps in Slovakia it was calculated that consumers are exposed to 8.5 μg acrylamide daily from its which means 0.12 μg/kg body weight/day. This amount contributes to 20–40% of daily acrylamide intake from food.
Changes of free fatty acids during ripening of Niva cheese
Authors: Vítová E. , Zemanová J. , Bezděková Š. , Babák L. , Loupancová B. , Březina P. 
Published: February 2018

Changes in the concentrations of free fatty acids in Niva cheese were monitored over the ripening period. Fatty acids were analyzed as methyl esters using gas chromatography with flame ionization detection. Identification has been carried out by comparison of the retention times with those of standard substances. Methanol esterification method using potassium hydroxide catalysis was used for preparing the sample of the fatty acids. The method is simple in respect to instrumentation and chemicals. It can be applied directly to the cheese matrix, which significantly decreases the time for sample preparation. There were total of 30 fatty acids identified in the cheese. Capric, myristic, palmitic, stearic and oleic acids represented the largest proportion of acid content and the most significant changes during ripening.
Monitoring of oligopeptides from blue-veined cheese during ripening
Authors: Zemanová J. , Vítová E. , Hadra L. , Fišera M. 
Published: February 2018

The aim of this study is an isolation of oligopeptides from blue-veined cheese during different stages of ripening and sugests a method which allows their determination, especially electrophoresis. Extraction by water was used to isolate nitrogen compounds and the obtained extract was further fractionated and recleaned. First, high-molecular peptides and proteins were precipitated by methanol, second, the methanol-soluble fraction was further fractionated by gel permeation chromatography. The fractions obtained by this procedures were then analysed using capillary electrophoresis. The obtained results indicate that this procedure, may be applicable for isolation of oligopeptides from cheese allowing also determination of the individual peptides. This is necessary in particular for monitoring of formation and origin of bitter peptides in cheese, which cannegativelly influence the final flavour of cheese.
Application of NIR analysis to verify cocoa powder authenticity
Authors: Trilčová A. , Čopíková J. , A Coimbra M. , Barros A. , Egert L. , Synytsya A. , Křístková H. 
Published: February 2018

At the present time the use of reliable control methods to ensure the labeled quality of food is task for organizations that have to limit or eliminate the falsification. The presentation describes the results of common analytical methods, NIR spectrometry and FT-IR spectrometry applied to cocoa powder. The two spectrometric techniques are statistically processed that allows discrimination of authentic and fraudulent cocoa powder samples.
Effect of gamma-irradiation on microbial decontamination and organoleptic quality of black pepper (Piper nigrum L.)
Authors: Sádecká J. , Kolek E. , Salková Z. , Petríková J. , Kováč M. 
Published: February 2018

The influence of ionizing radiation treatment with different doses (5 kGy, 10 kGy and 30 kGy) of γ-rays on the microbial decontamination of powdered black pepper was investigated. It was found out that a dose of 5 kGy is sufficient to achieve a total viable count of microbial contamination. Subsequently the effect of γ-irradiation dose on the possible changes in composition of the black pepper essential oil and simultaneous potential alterations in its organoleptic quality (flavour) were studied. No significant changes in the volatile oil compounds content were observed with the radiation doses of 5 kGy and 10 kGy. Ionizing dose of 30 kGy resulted in triple increase of caryophyllene oxide concentration in compare with an untreated sample. The olfactometric analysis showed non-significant changes in flavour.
AVALIAÇÃO DO POTENCIAL DE CONTAMINAÇÃO DE ÁGUAS COM FÁRMACOS ONCOLÓGICOS EM MUNICÍPIOS DA REGIÃO SUL DO BRASIL
Authors: Silva Ronaldo Ferreira da , Moura Leonardo De Lima , Gavião Luiz Octavio , Lima Gilson Brito Alves , Bidone Edison Dausacker 
Published: February 2018

Os rios e lagos recebem despejos poluentes, nem sempre diluídos ou degradados. A deterioração da qualidade da água e sua escassez em grandes centros urbanos resultam da alta densidade populacional, da ocupação irregular do solo, do uso indiscriminado e do despejo de contaminantes. As investigações sobre a ocorrência de substâncias químicas no meio ambiente iniciaram com foco nos metais pesados e, recentemente, nos fármacos. Estas substâncias são inseridas no ambiente após sua excreção pelos pacientes podendo persistir no meio após tratamento. No Brasil, o problema é agravado porque a maioria dos serviços de saúde não realiza tratamento prévio em seus efluentes, lançando os despejos na rede de esgotos. Se o município não coletar e tratar todo o esgoto produzido, se a vazão da rede for insuficiente para diluir estes despejos e se não houver uma eliminação no tratamento, os fármacos podem alcançar as águas de superfície. Este estudo compara a evolução das populações, da coleta de esgoto e do número de pacientes oncológicos atendidos pelo SUS em 30 municípios da Região Sul do Brasil com os dados do único município onde foi detectada a presença de fármacos oncológicos no país. Como variável referente ao saneamento, utilizou-se o índice de atendimento de esgoto. Como variável demográfica, a população residente nos municípios. Como variável de consumo de fármacos, o total de atendimentos oncológicos. Os resultados permitem uma avaliação preliminar da influência da evolução do saneamento, do componente demográfico e do número de pacientes atendidos pelo SUS na inserção de resíduos de fármacos oncológicos no ambiente, demostrando um descompasso entre a evolução do saneamento e o acesso à saúde. A evolução dos indicadores de atendimento demonstra a melhoria do acesso à saúde, e de desenvolvimento social, porém, a inserção de fármacos no ambiente devido à deficiências no saneamento demonstra um atraso ambiental.
PERCEPÇÃO PÚBLICA E CARACTERIZAÇÃO DOS RESÍDUOS SÓLIDOS COMO INSTRUMENTO DE APOIO PARA GESTÃO COSTEIRA – ESTUDO DE CASO EM MARTIN DE SÁ, CARAGUATATUBA, SP.
Authors: Mattos Natalia A S , Bondioli Ana Cristina Vigliar 
Published: February 2018

Devido à variedade de fontes, dinâmicas costeiras e dos diversos agentes envolvidos, a gestão dos resíduos sólidos em áreas costeiras se torna bastante complexa e particular. Uma forma de analisar esses cenários é estudá-los de maneira mais específica por meio de diagnósticos locais. Tais diagnósticos, por serem localizados, apresentam grande potencial como ferramentas auxiliares ao planejamento de políticas públicas e ações locais. Sendo assim, este estudo propõe uma metodologia diagnóstica baseada no levantamento de resíduos sólidos antropogênicos e na percepção pública sobre o lixo praial na Praia de Martim de Sá, Caraguatatuba-SP. Identificou-se que a distribuição dos resíduos é heterogênea, com maior acúmulo na região norte da praia. Aproximadamente 13.600 itens em 7 diferentes categorias foram coletados, a bituca de cigarro foi o resíduo mais abundante representando 44% da amostra. As demandas prioritárias da população são por ações educativas e estruturas coletoras. O uso da metodologia diagnóstica parece ter identificado características de produção e descarte de resíduos que não são consideradas pelo atual plano de gerenciamento, além disso, a identificação de potenciais pontos de ação permite o uso dessa ferramenta como forma de apoio a ações futuras de gestão.
The Concept Of Tasbīḥ Al- Ālam (Universe’s Glorification): A Comparative Study of According to Fakhr al-Dīn al-Rāzī’s and Ibn ‘Arabī’s Interpretations
Authors: Aini Inarotul 
Published: February 2018

In the Islamic doctrine, Allah is the creator, while the universe including human beings is the creatures. The universe glorifies Allah. Glorification is the proof of the universe’s obedience to Allah. The study aims to shed light on how the universe performs such a glorification. This article examines the concept of tasbīḥ al-‘ālam proposed by Muḥammad bin al-Ḥusayn Fakhr al-Dīn al-Rāzī (544 H/1149 AD – 606 H/1209 AD), a rationalist, in his book Tafsīr al-Kabīr aw Mafātiḥ al-Ghayb and compares it with that of Muhyiddin Ibn ‘Arabī ( 560 H/ 1149 AD), a mystical interpreter, in his book Tafsīr al-Qur’ān al-Karīm. This study shows that there are distinct processes and ways of how the universe commends to God. According to Ibn Arabī, the commendation by the universe is the process of getting annihilation and the unifiction of existence (waḥdah al-wujūd); while al-Rāzī clarifies that the process itself is in metaphoric meaning (majāzi) contingent upon the condition of each part of the universe.
OPTIMASI MULTI TRAVELLING SALESMAN PROBLEM (M-TSP) UNTUK DISTRIBUSI PRODUK PADA HOME INDUSTRI TEKSTIL DENGAN ALGORITMA GENETIKA
Authors: Rizki Agung Mustika , Mahmudy Wayan Firdaus , Yuliastuti Gusti Eka 
Published: February 2018

<p><em>In the field of textile industry, the distribution process is an important factor that can affect the cost of production. For that we need optimization on the distribution process to be more efficient. This problem is a model in the Multi Trave</em><em>l</em><em>ling Salesman Problem (M-TSP). Much research has been done to complete the M-TSP model. Among several methods that have been applied by other researchers, genetic algorithms are a workable method for solving this model problem. In this article the authors chose the genetic algorithm is expected to produce an optimal value with an efficient time. Based on the results of testing and analysis, obtained the optimal population amount of 120. For the optimal generation amount is 800. The test results related to the number of population and the number of generations are used as input to test the combination of CR and MR, obtained the optimal combination of CR = 0 , 4 and MR = 0.6 with a fitness value of 2.9964.</em></p><p><em><strong>Keywords</strong></em><em>: Textile Industry, Multi Travelling Salesman Problem (M-TSP), Genetic Algorithm</em></p><p><em>Pada bidang industri tekstil, proses distribusi merupakan satu faktor penting yang dapat berpengaruh terhadap biaya produksi. Untuk itu diperlukan optimasi pada proses distribusi agar menjadi lebih efisien. Masalah seperti ini merupakam model dalam Multi Travelling Salesman Problem (M-TSP). Banyak penelitian telah dilakukan untuk menyelesaikan model M-TSP. Diantara beberapa metode yang telah diterapkan oleh peneiti lain, algoritma genetika adalah metode yang bisa diterapkan untuk penyelesaian permasalahan model ini. Dalam artikel ini penulis memilih algoritma genetika diharapkan dapat menghasilkan nilai yang optimal dengan waktu yang efisien. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian dan analisis, didapatkan jumlah populasi yang optimal sebesar 120. Untuk jumlah generasi yang optimal adalah sebesar 800. Hasil pengujian terkait jumlah populasi dan jumlah generasi tersebut dijadikan masukan untuk melakukan pengujian kombinasi CR dan MR, didapatkan kombinasi yang optimal yakni CR=0,4 dan MR=0,6 dengan nilai fitness sebesar 2,9964.</em></p><p><em><strong>Kata kunci</strong></em><em>: </em><em>Industri Tekstil, Distribusi, Multi Travelling Salesman Problem (M-TSP), Algoritma Genetika</em></p>
Distribution, Condition and Gonad Maturity of the Invasive Pacific Oysters (Crassostrea Gigas, Thunberg 1793) in Cimanuk Delta, Indramayu, West Java, Indonesia
Authors: Hermawati Selia , Sulistiono Sulistiono , Samosir Agustinus M 
Published: February 2018

Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) is an invasive species which is able to adapt a wide range of environmental conditions. The study was conducted from August to October 2014. Objective of this study was to asses the distribution pattern, condition and gonad maturity length (Lm 50%) of the Pacific oysters in mangrove ecosystem of Cimanuk Delta, Indramayu, West Java, Indonesia. This study was conducted in two adjacent areas: Pabean Ilir and Pagirikan subdeltas. The oysters were collected from the estuary, brackish water ponds and the coastal flat, and observed for their abundance, total length (mm) and weight (g). Morphological and histological methods were used to estimate the gonad maturity stage. Analysis were carried out to estimate distribution pattern and condition factor. According to the study, the Pacific oyster distribution pattern was clumped. The condition factor of the oyster was higher in the brackish water pond and estuary than in the coastal flat. The Pacific oyster was found in gonad maturity stage (GMS) I – IV. The oyster was hermaprodit protandry and had length maturity (Lm 50%) of 47,46-48,43 mm (male) and 75,27-75,50 mm (female).
The Effect of Dietary Phytase Supplementation on Digestibility and Growth of Asian Seabass Lates calcarifer
Authors: Yudhiyanto Totok , Suminto Suminto , Rachmawati Diana 
Published: February 2018

The purpose of this research is to evaluate Asian sea bass digestibility and growth fed with phytase dietary supplementation on soybean based fish diet. The initial weight of fish was 4.99±0.2 g with stocking density of 20 fishes per tanks reared in 80 L tank of sea water for 6 weeks. Completely Randomized Design of 50% soybean meal with phytase supplementation of 0; 500; 1,000; and 1,500 FTU kg-1 and three replication was used in this trial. Chromium oxide (Cr2O3) was used as digestibility indicator. Multivariate anova and One way anova (SPSS); linear regression (Microsoft Excel) and polynomial orthogonal (Microsoft Excel and Maple) was used to analyze the data. The results of Multivariate anova showed that phytase supplementation affect total digestibility (KCT) and relative growth rate (RGR) of asian seabass significantly (P<0.01) with phytase dose 1,000 FTU. One way anova also indicated that phytase 1,000 FTU significantly affect all parameters. Apparent digestibility coefficient (ADC) phosphorus had a very significant and dominant effect to total digestibility with R2 = 0.9669 than ADC protein and ADC fat (linear regression). KCT significantly affects efficiency of dietary protein (EPP) 30.57% and protein efficiency ratio (PER) 0.67%. EPP and PER significantly effect RGR 1.56% day-1, simultaneously. The optimal dose of phytase supplementation is 1,220 FTU.
Real-Time Condition and Performance Monitoring of a Subsea Blowout Preventer Pipe Ram
Authors: Mutlu Mete , Wassar Taoufik , Franchek Matthew A. , Omrani Ala Eddine , Gutierrez Jose A. 
Published: February 2018

Summary
Presented here is a case study on the condition and performance monitoring (CPM) of a subsea blowout preventer (BOP) pipe ram. The proposed real-time CPM solution uses adaptive physics-based models that process sensor measurements at the point of origin (known as edge analytics). The adapted model coefficients are treated as a vector, the magnitude of which estimates the degree of health degradation and the phase of which identifies its source. The benefits of using an adaptive model-based approach over traditional machine-based learning and artificial-neural-networks solutions include zero algorithm-training times, broad applicability to BOPs, model modularity, and accurate health-degradation estimates. The proposed CPM methodology is validated on a BOP pipe ram using both operational and simulated data. A sensitivity study of the method to system uncertainty is also presented.
Maximum precipitation altitude on the northern flank of the Qilian Mountains, northwest China
Authors: Chen Rengsheng , Han Chuntan , Liu Junfeng , Yang Yong , Liu Zhangwen , Wang Lei , Kang Ersi 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Investigation of the altitude of maximum precipitation (AMP) and the factors that determine this height supports the understanding of vertical precipitation distribution in mountains. Based on the field precipitation measurement on the northern flank of the Qilian Mountains, the AMP was investigated at vertical profiles from 1,483 to 4,484 m. It found a 2,300 m-AMP in winter and a 4,200 m-AMP in other seasons and on a yearly scale. The AMPs increase from the cold and dry season to the warm and wet season and therefore increase with precipitation. During winter, the interaction of the predominant high-pressure system, the thermal inversion layer below 2,200 m, and the westerly lead to the 2,300-m AMP. In other seasons, the convergent Tibetan Plateau monsoon causes the water vapor move to the Qilian Mountains, and the enhanced uplifting by the mountain produces greater precipitation with altitude, forming the AMP at the higher areas. The front steepest terrain is the primary factor causing the formation of 4,200-m AMP in the study area. The annual AMP may be roughly equal to seven-eighths of the altitude of the mountain top on the north flank of the Qilian Mountains.
Drinking water disinfection by-products exposure and health effects on pregnancy outcomes: a systematic review
Authors: Mashau Funanani , Ncube Esper Jacobeth , Voyi Kuku 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Epidemiological studies have found that maternal exposure to disinfection by-products (DBPs) may lead to adverse pregnancy outcomes although the findings tend to be inconsistent. The objective of this study was to systematically review the evidence in associated with drinking water DBP exposure in relation to adverse pregnancy outcomes. Peer-reviewed articles were identified using electronic databases searched for studies published in the English language. Studies selected for review were evaluated for exposure assessment, confounders, and analyses risks of bias in the selection, outcomes assessment, and attrition. A comprehensive search and screening yielded a total of 32 studies, of which 12 (38%) reported a statistical association between maternal exposure to DBPs and adverse pregnancy outcomes. A maternal exposure to trihalomethanes (THMs) shows an increased risk of small for gestational age (SGA) and slightly increased risk of pregnancy loss. Risks of bias were low among the studies included in the review. Evidence on association relating to adverse pregnancy outcomes to DBP exposure is still less significant. There is a need for future robust research in this field, with the use of urinary trichloroacetic acid (TCAA) biomarkers as a direct exposure assessment method for this field.
In-situ electrochemical Fe(VI) for removal of microcystin-LR from drinking water: comparing dosing of the ferrate ion by electrochemical and chemical means
Authors: Dubrawski K. L. , Cataldo M. , Dubrawski Z. , Mazumder A. , Wilkinson D. P. , Mohseni M. 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Harmful algal blooms (HAB) release microtoxins that contaminate drinking water supplies and risk the health of millions annually. Crystalline ferrate(VI) is a powerful oxidant capable of removing algal microtoxins. We investigate in-situ electrochemically produced ferrate from common carbon steel as an on-demand alternative to crystalline ferrate for the removal of microcystin-LR (MC-LR) and compare the removal efficacy for both electrochemical (EC) and chemical dosing methodologies. We report that a very low dose of EC-ferrate in deionized water (0.5 mg FeO42− L−1) oxidizes MC-LR (MC-LR0 = 10 μg L−1) to below the guideline limit (1.0 μg L−1) within 10 minutes' contact time. With bicarbonate or natural organic matter (NOM), doses of 2.0–5.0 mg FeO42− L−1 are required, with lower efficacy of EC-ferrate than crystalline ferrate due to loss of EC-ferrate by water oxidation. To evaluate the EC-ferrate process to concurrently oxidize micropollutants, coagulate NOM, and disinfect drinking water, we spiked NOM-containing real water with MC-LR and Escherichia coli, finding that EC-ferrate is effective at 10.0 mg FeO42− L−1 under normal operation or 2.0 mg FeO42− L−1 if the test water has initial pH optimized. We suggest in-situ EC-ferrate may be appropriate for sporadic HAB events in small water systems as a primary or back-up technology.
Removal of catechol from water by modified dolomite: performance, spectroscopy, and mechanism
Authors: Khalfa Aouda , Mellouk Senia , Marouf-Khelifa Kheira , Khelifa Amine 
Published: February 2018

AbstractDolomite was treated at 800 °C (D800), characterized, and used in the adsorptive removal of catechol (1,2-dihydroxybenzene) from aqueous solutions. The performances of the D800 sample, named dolomitic solid, were compared with those of the raw material. A bibliographic review shows that the data on the adsorption of phenolic compounds by dolomites are non-existent. Kinetic data, equilibrium isotherms, thermodynamic parameters, and pH influence were reported. Special attention was paid to the spectroscopic study, before and after adsorption. The purpose was to understand the mechanism of catechol uptake on dolomitic materials. Kinetics follows the pseudo-second order model. The Redlich–Peterson isotherm provides the best correlation of our isotherms. Affinity follows the sequence: D800 ≫ raw dolomite. The process is spontaneous at low temperatures and exothermic. After catechol adsorption, the shape of the band in the 3,600−3,000 cm−1 range and its red shift towards 3,429 cm−1 reflect a deep involvement of OH groups both of D800 and catechol, which confirm hydrogen bonding via their respective OH. On this basis, a schematic illustration was proposed. The understanding of the phenolic compound–dolomitic solid interactions constitutes a fundamental approach to developing the application of these materials in wastewater treatment.