bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictores radiográficos de caninos retenidos maxilares
Authors: Valverde - Montalva Hernán Renzo 
Published: February 2019

El objetivo de este artículo es revisar información enfocada al diagnóstico y tratamiento temprano de la retención canina (RC); comprenderemos el proceso de erupción normal y las posibles etiologías de su retención; del mismo modo, describiremos la erupción del canino maxilar permanente (CMP) y los eventos que explican por qué la secuencia de erupción en la Segunda Fase de Dentición Mixta (SFDM) en el maxilar, finalmente presentaremos un conjunto de herramientas diagnósticas útiles en la predicción temprana de la retención canina, los cuales permiten estimar la duración y pronóstico del tratamiento. Palabras clave: Diente impactado, Canino, Ortodoncia Interceptiva,Radiografía Panorámica, Extracción dental.
Abstract The purpose of this article is to review information focused on diagnosis and early treatment of retained canines (RC), we will understandthe process of normal eruption and potential etiologies of its retention; in the same way, we will describe of the upper permanent canine andevents that explain why the sequence of eruption in the Second Phase of Mixed Dentition (SFDM) in the maxilla, finally we will present a aset of useful diagnostic tools for the canine retention early prediction, which allow us estimate the duration and forecast of the treatment. Keywords: Impacted, Cuspid, Interceptive, Panoramic, Tooth Extraction.
Carlos Liscano : les listes comme réservoir de projets
Authors: Idmhand Fatiha 
Published: February 2019

Dans le champ de la littérature latino-américaine produite durant les années 1970, années de dictatures pour ce continent, rares sont les manuscrits qui ont pu témoigner, depuis l’intérieur, des formes de répression à l’encontre des écrivains. Miraculeusement sauvés des geôles, ceux de l’écrivain Carlos Liscano constituent à ce titre des brouillons exceptionnels. Ils comportent de nombreuses listes qui approvisionnent toujours, plus de trente ans après leur composition, les projets d’écriture de l’écrivain. Comment définir le statut particulier occupé par ces listes « provisionnelles » qui nourrissent, non pas un projet d’écriture, mais tous les projets de la vie de l’écrivain ? C’est à cette question que propose de répondre l’étude croisée de la genèse de ces différentes listes et de leur devenir.
Genet et la rhapsodie poétique
Authors: Nottet-Chedeville Élise 
Published: February 2019

Peu étudié, l’avant-texte des Poèmes de Jean Genet révèle pourtant un mouvement de genèse spécifique. À travers l’analyse de documents d’archives et de manuscrits de deux de ses poèmes – « La Parade » et « La Galère » – cet article met en lumière comment Genet conçoit l’écriture poétique sur le mode de la rhapsodie, n’hésitant pas à déplacer, à réutiliser, à renommer et à réécrire – c’est-à-dire à coudre ensemble vers, strophes et poèmes selon ses besoins et les désirs d’autrui, et cela afin de plaire et de se faire éditer. Ce mouvement de migration textuelle aux coutures apparentes éclaire la genèse du recueil Poèmes, explique la discontinuité et le caractère hétéroclite, voire l’hermétisme de certains poèmes, et participe à la création d’un style propre.
The Bible and the Qur’an
Authors: Kaltner John , Mirza Younus Y. 
Published: February 2019

Not everyone realizes that some of the key figures of Christianity (for example Jesus and Mary) and Judaism (Abraham, Moses) feature prominently in the Qur’an. The Bible and the Qur’an provides an introduction to and complete overview of all the figures and groups who are mentioned in both the Bible and the Qur’an. The principal focus is on the similarities and differences between the presentation of these characters in the two texts, with focus placed on how they appear in the Islamic text. Many of the individuals/groups discussed are also treated in other Islamic sources, most notably the collections known as “The Stories of the Prophets,” and these references are also included.
Each figure or group that appears in both texts receives its own entry which includes the following items: (1) a list of relevant Qur’an passages; (2) a description of how the individual/group is presented in the Qur’an and Stories of the Prophets; (3) questions/issues to consider; (4) suggestions for further readings, when relevant. An introductory section provides a basic orientation to the Bible, the Qur’an and other Islamic sources by discussing their contents, role, and how they are used and studied.
Transorientalism in Art, Fashion, and Film
Authors: Geczy Adam 
Published: February 2019

Combining transnationalism and exoticism, transorientalism is the new orientalism of the age of globalization. With its roots in earlier times, it is a term that emphasizes alteration, mutation, and exchange between cultures.
While the familiar orientalisms persist, transorientalism is a term that covers notions like the adoption of a hat from a different country for Turkish nationalist dress, the fact that an Italian could be one of the most influential directors in recent Chinese cinema, that Muslim women artists explore Islamic womanhood in non-Islamic countries, that artists can embrace both indigenous and non-indigenous identity at the same time. This is more than nostalgia or bland nationalism. It is a reflection of the effect that communication and representation in recent decades have brought to the way in which national identity is crafted and constructed—yet this does not make it any less authentic. The diversity of race and culture, the manner in which they are expressed and transacted, are most evident in art, fashion, and film. This much-needed book offers a refreshing, informed, and incisive account of a paradigm shift in the ways in which identity and otherness is moulded, perceived, and portrayed.
Food and Animal Welfare
Authors: Buller Henry , Roe Emma 
Published: February 2019

Drawing together the latest research and a range of case studies, Henry Buller and Emma Roe guide readers on a fascinating journey through animal welfare issues ‘from farm to fork’. Animal welfare offers a vital lens through which to explore the economies, culture and politics of food. This is the first text to provide a much-needed overview of this strongly debated area of the food industry.
Buller and Roe explore how animal welfare is defined, advocated, assessed and implemented by farmers, veterinarians, distributors, and consumers. From the practicalities and limitations of establishing a basic standard of care for livestock, to the ethics of selling welfare as a product in the supermarket, this indispensable book offers empirical insights into a key aspect of the global food system: the lives, deaths, and consumption of animals which are at the core of the food chain. It is a must-read for students and scholars of animal welfare, agro-food studies and human-animal relations in disciplines such as geography, politics, anthropology, and sociology as well as animal behaviour, psychology and veterinary science.
Primary emissions versus secondary formation of fine particulate matter in the most polluted city (Shijiazhuang) in North China
Authors: Huang Ru-Jin , Wang Yichen , Cao Junji , Lin Chunshui , Duan Jing , Chen Qi , Li Yongjie , Gu Yifang , Yan Jin , Xu Wei , Fröhlich Roman , Canonaco Francesco , Bozzetti Carlo , Ovadnevaite Jurgita , Ceburnis Darius , Canagaratna Manjula R. , Jayne John , Worsnop Douglas R. , El-Haddad Imad , Prévôt André S. H. , O'Dowd Colin D. 
Published: February 2019

Abstract. Particulate matter (PM) pollution is a severe environmental problem in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH) region in North
China. PM studies have been conducted extensively in Beijing, but the
chemical composition, sources, and atmospheric processes of PM are still
relatively less known in nearby Tianjin and Hebei. In this study, fine PM
in urban Shijiazhuang (the capital of Hebei Province) was characterized using
an Aerodyne quadrupole aerosol chemical speciation monitor (Q-ACSM) from
11 January to 18 February in 2014. The average mass concentration of
non-refractory submicron PM (diameter <1 µm, NR-PM1) was
178±101 µg m−3, and it was composed of 50 % organic aerosol
(OA), 21 % sulfate, 12 % nitrate, 11 % ammonium, and 6 % chloride.
Using the multilinear engine (ME-2) receptor model, five OA sources were
identified and quantified, including hydrocarbon-like OA from vehicle
emissions (HOA, 13 %), cooking OA (COA, 16 %), biomass burning OA (BBOA,
17 %), coal combustion OA (CCOA, 27 %), and oxygenated OA (OOA, 27 %).
We found that secondary formation contributed substantially to PM in episodic
events, whereas primary emissions were dominant (most significant) on average.
The episodic events with the highest NR-PM1 mass range of
300–360 µg m−3 were comprised of 55 % of secondary species. On the
contrary, a campaign-average low OOA fraction (27 %) in OA indicated the
importance of primary emissions, and a low sulfur oxidation degree
(FSO4) of 0.18 even at RH >90 % hinted at insufficient
oxidation. These results suggested that in Shijiazhuang in wintertime fine PM
was mostly from primary emissions without sufficient atmospheric aging,
indicating opportunities for air quality improvement by mitigating direct
emissions. In addition, secondary inorganic and organic (OOA) species
dominated in pollution events with high-RH conditions, most likely due to
enhanced aqueous-phase chemistry, whereas primary organic aerosol (POA)
dominated in pollution events with low-RH and stagnant conditions. These
results also highlighted the importance of meteorological conditions for PM
pollution in this highly polluted city in North China.
Measurements of nitric oxide and ammonia soil fluxes from a wet savanna ecosystem site in West Africa during the DACCIWA field campaign
Authors: Pacifico Federica , Delon Claire , Jambert Corinne , Durand Pierre , Morris Eleanor , Evans Mat J. , Lohou Fabienne , Derrien Solène , Donnou Venance H. E. , Houeto Arnaud V. , Reinares Martínez Irene , Brilouet Pierre-Etienne 
Published: February 2019

Abstract. Biogenic fluxes from soil at a local and regional scale are crucial to study
air pollution and climate. Here we present field measurements of soil fluxes
of nitric oxide (NO) and ammonia (NH3) observed over four different
land cover types, i.e. bare soil, grassland, maize field, and forest, at an
inland rural site in Benin, West Africa, during the DACCIWA field campaign in
June and July 2016. At the regional scale, urbanization and a massive growth
in population in West Africa have been causing a strong increase in
anthropogenic emissions. Anthropogenic pollutants are transported inland and
northward from the megacities located on the coast, where the reaction with
biogenic emissions may lead to enhanced ozone production outside urban areas,
as well as secondary organic aerosol formation, with detrimental effects on
humans, animals, natural vegetation, and crops. We observe NO fluxes up to
48.05 ngN m−2 s−1. NO fluxes averaged over all land cover types
are 4.79±5.59 ngN m−2 s−1, and maximum soil emissions of NO
are recorded over bare soil. NH3 is dominated by deposition for all
land cover types. NH3 fluxes range between −6.59 and
4.96 ngN m−2 s−1. NH3 fluxes averaged over all land
cover types are -0.91±1.27 ngN m−2 s−1, and maximum
NH3 deposition is measured over bare soil. The observations show high
spatial variability even for the same soil type, same day, and same
meteorological conditions. We compare point daytime average measurements of
NO emissions recorded during the field campaign with those simulated by
GEOS-Chem (Goddard Earth Observing System Chemistry Model) for the same site
and find good agreement. In an attempt to quantify NO emissions at the
regional and national scale, we also provide a tentative estimate of total NO
emissions for the entire country of Benin for the month of July using two
distinct methods: upscaling point measurements and using the GEOS-Chem model.
The two methods give similar results: 1.17±0.6 and
1.44 GgN month−1, respectively. Total
NH3 deposition estimated by upscaling point measurements for the
month of July is 0.21 GgN month−1.
The role of moisture transport for precipitation in the inter-annual and inter-daily fluctuations of the Arctic sea ice extension
Authors: Gimeno-Sotelo Luis , Nieto Raquel , Vázquez Marta , Gimeno Luis 
Published: February 2019

Abstract. By considering the moisture transport for precipitation (MTP) for a target
region to be the moisture that arrives in this region from its major moisture
sources and which then results in precipitation in that region, we explore
(i) whether the MTP from the main moisture sources for the Arctic region is
linked with inter-annual fluctuations in the extent of Arctic sea ice
superimposed on its decline and (ii) the role of extreme MTP events in the
inter-daily change in the Arctic sea ice extent (SIE) when extreme MTP
simultaneously arrives from the four main moisture regions that supply it.
The results suggest (1) that ice melting at the scale of inter-annual
fluctuations against the trend is favoured by an increase in moisture
transport in summer, autumn, and winter and a decrease in spring and, (2) on
a daily basis, extreme humidity transport increases the formation of ice in
winter and decreases it in spring, summer, and autumn; in these three seasons
extreme humidity transport
therefore contributes to Arctic sea ice melting. These patterns differ
sharply from that linked to the decline on a long-range scale, especially in
summer when the opposite trend applies, as ice melt is favoured by a decrease
in moisture transport for this season at this scale.
SCOPE Climate: a 142-year daily high-resolution ensemble meteorological reconstruction dataset over France
Authors: Caillouet Laurie , Vidal Jean-Philippe , Sauquet Eric , Graff Benjamin , Soubeyroux Jean-Michel 
Published: February 2019

Abstract. SCOPE Climate (Spatially COherent
Probabilistic Extended Climate dataset) is a 25-member ensemble of 142-year
daily high-resolution reconstructions of precipitation, temperature, and
Penman–Monteith reference evapotranspiration over France, from 1 January 1871
to 29 December 2012. SCOPE Climate provides an ensemble of 25 spatially
coherent gridded multivariate time series. It is derived from the statistical
downscaling of the Twentieth Century Reanalysis (20CR) by the SCOPE method,
which is based on the
analogue approach. SCOPE Climate performs well in comparison to both
dependent and independent data for precipitation and temperature. The
ensemble aspect corresponds to the uncertainty related to the SCOPE method.
SCOPE Climate is the first century-long gridded high-resolution homogeneous
dataset available over France and thus has paved the way for improving
knowledge on specific past meteorological events or for improving
knowledge on climate variability, since the end of the 19th century. This
dataset has also been designed as a forcing dataset for long-term
hydrological applications and studies of the hydrological consequences of
climate variability over France. SCOPE Climate is freely available for any
non-commercial use and can be downloaded as NetCDF files from
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1299760 for precipitation,
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1299712 for temperature, and
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1251843 for reference evapotranspiration.
A benchmark for testing the accuracy and computational cost of shortwave top-of-atmosphere reflectance calculations in clear-sky aerosol-laden atmospheres
Authors: Escribano Jeronimo , Bozzo Alessio , Dubuisson Philippe , Flemming Johannes , Hogan Robin J. , C.-Labonnote Laurent , Boucher Olivier 
Published: February 2019

Abstract. Accurate calculations of shortwave reflectances in clear-sky
aerosol-laden atmospheres are necessary for various applications in
atmospheric sciences. However, computational cost becomes increasingly
important for some applications such as data assimilation of
top-of-atmosphere reflectances in models of atmospheric composition. This
study aims to provide a benchmark that can help in assessing these two
requirements in combination. We describe a protocol and input data for
44 080 cases involving various solar and viewing geometries, four different
surfaces (one oceanic bidirectional reflectance function and three albedo
values for a Lambertian surface), eight aerosol optical depths, five
wavelengths, and four aerosol types. We first consider two models relying on
the discrete ordinate method: VLIDORT (in vector and scalar configurations)
and DISORT (scalar configuration only). We use VLIDORT in its vector
configuration as a reference model and quantify the loss of accuracy due to
(i) neglecting the effect of polarization in DISORT and VLIDORT (scalar)
models and (ii) decreasing the number of streams in DISORT. We further test
two other models: the 6SV2 model, relying on the successive orders of
scattering method, and Forward-Lobe
Two-Stream Radiance Model (FLOTSAM), a new model under development by two of the
authors. Typical mean fractional errors of 2.8 % and 2.4 % for 6SV2 and
FLOTSAM are found, respectively. Computational cost depends on the input
parameters but also on the code implementation and application as some models
solve the radiative transfer equations for a range of geometries while others
do not. All necessary input and output data are provided as a Supplement as a potential resource for interested developers and users of
radiative transfer models.
Technology and Regulatory Black Holes: Issues in Protecting IP Rights in Insolvency for Both Licensors and Licensees
Authors: Kilborn Jason J 
Published: February 2019

Australia’s insolvency laws have a curious deficiency: There are virtually no provisions on the treatment of ongoing contracts. Such contracts may well represent some of the most valuable assets of a business debtor, small or large, especially in this new era of rapid technological innovation, where tangible property often pales in value to that inherent in intellectual property. Indeed, IP rights are often the nucleus around which a small business’ vitality revolves. The inability of businesses predictably to rely on, manage, and protect license contracts preserving IP rights is a problem that is sure to become more acute in the coming decades, as both the importance of IP rights and the incidence of business insolvency rise. Experience from across the Pacific portends a potential wave of coming disputes involving such rights in developed economies like Australia’s, potentially hitting small entrepreneurs hard and undermining the effectiveness of insolvency proceedings for these crucial debtors and their creditors. This article reveals a proliferation of disputes concerning IP license rights and several salient challenges confronted by both licensors and licensees, debtors and non-debtors, in domestic and cross-border insolvency proceedings in US insolvency proceedings. The common root of these challenges seems to be legislation that did not foresee the rise of IP licensing as a mainstay of modern entrepreneurship. The simple common solution, and a guide for Australian regulators, is more careful consideration of non-obvious pitfalls in laws that preserve IP license rights in insolvency cases to maximise value not only for the parties involved, but for modern societies who increasingly depend on innovation and entrepreneurship.
Variation in Nonsurgical Treatment Recommendations for Common Upper Extremity Conditions
Authors: Lisanne Johanna Henrica Smits , Wilkens Suzanne Caroline , Ring David , Guitton Thierry Guillaume , Chen Neal ,   Science of Variation Group
Published: February 2019

Background:
In orthopaedic surgery, there is known surgeon-to-surgeon variation in recommendations for surgery. Variation in recommendations for nonsurgical treatment of common upper extremity conditions for which surgery is discretionary remains unclear.

Methods:
One hundred eighty-three surgeons were included after completing six questions on six scenarios of upper extremity conditions regarding nonsurgical treatment recommendations. For one scenario, we measured the influence of reading a summary of preferred practice before making recommendations.

Results:
Variation in nonsurgical treatment recommendations was observed between surgeons and between upper extremity conditions. Surgeons that reviewed a decision support paragraph were more likely to opine that surgery would eventually be beneficial.

Discussion:
The notable variation in nonsurgical treatment recommendations indicates a substantial influence of surgeon bias in decision-making. To help ensure that decisions are consistent, surgeons may benefit from decision support and guidelines to help limit practice variation.
Schikken of beschikken?
Authors: Sikkema E. , de Zanger W.S. 
Published: February 2019

Schikken of beschikken? Buitengerechtelijke afdoening van grote en bijzondere strafzaken in een gemoderniseerd Wetboek van Strafvordering
In deze bijdrage onderwerpen auteurs de voorstellen voor een gemoderniseerde regeling van buitengerechtelijke afdoening, zoals deze op hoofdlijnen zijn uiteengezet in de beleidsreactie van de minister van Justitie en Veiligheid op de evaluatie van de Wet OM-afdoening, aan een kritische analyse (par. 3). Eerst komen de twee vormen van buitengerechtelijke afdoening: de transactie van artikel 74 Sr (par. 2) en de strafbeschikking, aan bod: de huidige praktijk daarvan en de kritiek die daarop bestaat. Vervolgens komen de plannen ter modernisering van het Wetboek van Strafvordering aan de orde. Besproken worden de aangekondigde wijzigingen in de regeling van de transactie en de strafbeschikking. De belangrijkste voorstellen worden nader beschouwd in het licht van de wetenschappelijke discussie over hoge transacties en de wenselijkheid van rechterlijke toetsing daarvan. Tot slot wordt een eigen standpunt geformuleerd ten aanzien van de toekomstige regeling van buitengerechtelijke afdoening in het gemoderniseerde wetboek.
Determinants and Determination of Carotenoid Bioavailability from Infant Food Formulas and Adult Nutritionals Including Liquid Dairy Products
Authors: Bohn Torsten 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Carotenoids are typically tetraterpenoid phytochemicals that cannot be synthesized by humans, some of which such as β-carotene can be metabolized into vitamin A. Sufficient carotenoid intake and tissue levels have been associated with several health benefits including the reduction of cardiovascular diseases and some types of cancer and also the amelioration of age-related macular degeneration. Carotenoids and their metabolites have also been related to reduced inflammation and oxidative stress via interacting with transcription factors, such as NF-κB and Nrf-2, as well as with the nuclear receptors retinoic acid receptor/retinoid X receptor, implicated in immune functions and cellular differentiation. Therefore, carotenoids are important for growth and development. They could mark beneficial constituents in infant food formulas and adult nutritionals, the latter typically constituting protein-rich liquid foods targeting meal replacements. Carotenoids may be present by nature (typically below 20 μg/100 mL) or following fortification (up to 200 μg/100 mL), such as for lutein and β-carotene. However, carotenoid bioavailability may be low and variable, especially in low-fat items. Although most infant foods and adult nutritionals are rich in lipids and proteins, facilitating absorption and availability of carotenoids, unfortunately, very little data is available. In addition, carotenoid detection for such lipid-rich matrices may be challenging as a result of low concentrations and matrix effects. This review aims to highlight considerations for carotenoid bioavailability from infant food formula and adult nutritionals as well as summarize detection methods for carotenoids from these items.