bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
miR‐206 inhibits thyroid cancer proliferation and invasion by targeting RAP1B
Authors: Wang Peng , Gu Jialei , Wang Kejing , Shang Jinbiao , Wang Wendong 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThyroid cancer (TC) is one of the primary tumors arisen from endocrine system. The purpose of this study was to investigate the underlying mechanism by which RAP1B (Ras‐related protein Rap‐1b) modulates microRNA (miR)‐206 related effects on TC cells. Expression of miR‐206 and RAP1B was analyzed in cells and tissues. miR‐206 mimics or inhibitors and RAP1B vector were used in functional experiments to investigate the effects of miR‐206 and RAP1B on cell activities including proliferation, migration, and invasion. Luciferase assay was performed to explore the association between miR‐206 and RAP1B. The influence of miR‐206 on tumorigenesis of TC cells was investigated using an ex vivo model. Our results demonstrated the reduce of miR‐206 in TC tissues and cell lines in which RAP1B was increased. Overexpression of miR‐206 significantly inhibited the functional capacities of TPC‐1 cells including proliferation, invasion, and migration, most likely, through reducing the expression of RAP1B. Xenograft experiment showed that increased miR‐206 could effectively inhibit the tumorigenesis of TC cells. Our study showed that miR‐206 negatively regulated cell activities of proliferation, invasion, and migration in TC via suppressing RAP1B expression, suggesting that miR‐206 exerts a vital role in TC.
Transperineal versus transvaginal sonographic measurements of cervical length in pregnant women between 16 and 24 weeks of gestation
Authors: Songserm Vilasinee , Komwilaisak Ratana , Saksiriwuttho Piyamas , Kongwattanakul Kiattisak 
Published: June 2019

AbstractPurposeTo investigate the correlation between cervical length measurements using transvaginal and transperineal approaches at 16‐24 weeks of gestation.MethodsThe prospective study recruited 110 singleton pregnant women. All the measurements were performed by one operator who was blinded to the results of both approaches. Cervical length was first measured by transvaginal sonography (TVUS) then transperineal sonography (TPUS). The transvaginal approach was used as the reference measurement. Patient preference regarding the sonographic approaches was evaluated using questionnaire.ResultsCervical length was successfully measured by TVUS in all cases. TPUS was successful in 108/110 participants. There was high correlation between the results of TVUS and TPUS (Pearson's correlation coefficient was .94; 95% CI .9 to .95. Lin's concordance correlation coefficient was .94; 95% CI .92‐.96). The estimated difference in cervical length measured using TVUS and TPUS was .2 mm. The 95% tolerance interval for paired observation was −1.8 to 2.3 mm. The interobserver coefficient of TPUS measurement was .98 (95% CI .92‐.99). TPUS was rated as resulting in mild or no discomfort and was preferred by most women.ConclusionTVUS and TPUS techniques showed high correlation in cervical length measurement with high interobserver reliability. More patients preferred TPUS. TPUS should be considered as an alternative method of cervical length measurement.
Alpha‐keratin and corneous beta protein in the parakeratinized epithelium of the tongue in the domestic goose (Anser anser f. domestica)
Authors: Skieresz‐Szewczyk Kinga , Buchwald Tomasz , Szybowicz Mirosław , Jackowiak Hanna 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe parakeratinized epithelium is a common epithelium in the oral cavity in birds and is characterized by the presence of cell nuclei in the cells of the cornified layer. This epithelium covers almost the entire dorsal surface of the tongue in the domestic goose apart of the lingual nail and conical papillae. So far no study has identified the molecular proteins alpha‐keratin (IF‐keratin) and/or corneous beta protein (CBP), which are responsible for keratinization or cornification processes in the parakeratinized epithelium of domestic geese. The study was performed using immunohistochemical (IHC) methods to identify alpha‐keratin. The innovative method of Raman microspectroscopy was used to determine the presence of CBP and specify their percentage in epithelial layers of the parakeratinized epithelium. The results revealed that alpha‐keratin is present in the whole parakeratinized epithelium. A strong staining reaction was detected in the basal and intermediate layers and a less strong staining reaction in the cornified layer. Raman microspectroscopy analysis confirmed the presence of alpha‐keratin and demonstrated that its percentage decreases from the basal layer to the cornified layer. The Raman microspectroscopy technique revealed the occurrence of CBP in the parakeratinized epithelium and demonstrated that the percentage of this protein increases from the basal layer to the cornified layer. Performed analysis determines that parakeratinized epithelium undergoes cornification. However, the lower percentage of CBP in the cornified layer of parakeratinized epithelium than in orthokeratinized epithelium points to the fact that parakeratinized epithelium has a weaker protective function.
Recurrence patterns after resection of retroperitoneal sarcomas: An eight‐institution study from the US Sarcoma Collaborative
Authors: Chouliaras Konstantinos , Senehi Rebecca , Ethun Cecilia G. , Poultsides George , Tran Thuy , Grignol Valerie , Gamblin Thomas Clark , Roggin Kevin K. , Tseng Jennifer , Fields Ryan C. , Weber Sharon M. , Russell Gregory B. , Levine Edward A. , Cardona Kenneth , Votanopoulos Konstantinos 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesResection of primary retroperitoneal sarcomas (RPS) has a high incidence of recurrence. This study aims to identify patterns of recurrence and its impact on overall survival.MethodsAdult patients with primary retroperitoneal soft tissue sarcomas who underwent resection in 2000‐2016 at eight institutions of the US Sarcoma Collaborative were evaluated.ResultsFour hundred and ninety‐eight patients were analyzed, with 56.2% (280 of 498) having recurrences. There were 433 recurrences (1‐8) in 280 patients with 126 (25.3%) being locoregional, 82 (16.5%) distant, and 72 (14.5%) both locoregional and distant. Multivariate analyses revealed the following: Patient age P = .0002), tumor grade (P = .02), local recurrence (P = .0003) and distant recurrence (P < .0001) were predictors of disease‐specific survival. The 1‐, 3‐, and 5‐year survival rate for patients who recurred vs not was 89.6% (standard error [SE] 1.9) vs 93.5% (1.8), 66.0% (3.2) vs 88.4% (2.6), and 51.8% (3.6) vs 83.9% (3.3), respectively, P < .0001. Median survival was 5.3 years for the recurrence vs 11.3+ years for the no recurrence group (P < .0001). Median survival from the time of recurrence was 2.5 years.ConclusionsRecurrence after resection of RPS occurs in more than half of patients independently of resection status or perioperative chemotherapy and is equally distributed between locoregional and distant sites. Recurrence is primarily related to tumor biology and is associated with a significant decrease in overall survival.
Identification of 99% of CFTR gene mutations in Bulgarian‐, Bulgarian Turk‐, and Roma cystic fibrosis patients
Authors: Petrova Guergana , Yaneva Nadezhda , Hrbková Jana , Libik Malgorzata , Savov Alexey , Macek Milan 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe spectrum and frequencies of CFTR mutations causing Cystic fibrosis (CF) varies among different populations in Europe, and beyond.MethodsWe identified 98.9% of all CFTR mutations in a representative cohort of 140 CF patients comprising 107 Bulgarian‐ (BG), 17 BG Turk‐, and 16 BG Roma cases. The compiled clinical and genotype dataset includes 110 previously analyzed patients with 30 cases currently analyzed for rare CFTR variants by massively parallel sequencing of the entire CFTR coding region and adjacent introns combined with the analysis of intra‐CFTR rearrangements.ResultsAltogether 53 different mutations, of which 15 newly identified in the BG CF population, were observed. Comparison of clinical and laboratory data between individual BG ethnic groups proved that BG Roma have a more severe nutritional status and are younger than other CF patients, as well as that the spectrum mutations differs between them.ConclusionThis collaborative study improves genetic counselling in BG, facilitates introduction of multitier CF neonatal screening and fosters public health measures for improvement of care in the Roma CF population.
Maximum error estimates for a compact difference scheme of the coupled nonlinear Schrödinger–Boussinesq equations
Authors: Hu Xiuling , Wang Shanshan , Zhang Luming 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe coupled nonlinear Schrödinger–Boussinesq (SBq) equations describe the nonlinear development of modulational instabilities associated with Langmuir field amplitude coupled to intense electromagnetic wave in dispersive media such as plasmas. In this paper, we present a conservative compact difference scheme for the coupled SBq equations and analyze the conservative property and the existence of the scheme. Then we prove that the scheme is convergent with convergence order O(τ2 + h4) in L∞‐norm and is stable in L∞‐norm. Numerical results verify the theoretical analysis.
A 1H‐NMR spectroscopic method for the analysis of thermolabile chemical markers from the essential oil of black turmeric (Curcuma caesia) rhizome: application in post‐harvest analysis
Authors: Mahanta Bhaskar Protim , Sut Dristi , Kemprai Phirose , Paw Manabi , Lal Mohan , Haldar Saikat 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIntroductionCurcuma caesia (black turmeric), an essential oil‐bearing rhizomatous herb has been a part of ethnomedicinal practices in India and southeast Asian countries since ancient time. Oleochemical profile of black turmeric has been investigated previously by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC–MS) technique from different geographical regions showing a large variation in the identity as well as abundance of the constituents.ObjectivesTo develop an analytical method for the reliable analysis of essential oil from black turmeric rhizome through identified chemical markers and to show the credibility of the developed method on real samples.MethodsThe essential oil of black turmeric was analysed through proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H‐NMR) based method using an internal standard.ResultsFour thermolabile sesquiterpene markers were unambiguously identified from the essential oil of black turmeric rhizome. GC–MS based analysis produced an erroneous identification of the constituents. A standardised 1H‐NMR spectroscopy based method was developed for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the identified chemical markers. The developed method was further utilised for analysing the variation in oleochemical profile across multiple batches of harvest and the rhizomes subjected to different post‐harvest storage or drying conditions.ConclusionThe identified marker molecules and developed 1H ‐NMR spectroscopic method might prove to be a useful tool for the analysis of essential oil and quality control of this endangered crop material. Also, the present study provided information on the preferred drying and storage condition of black turmeric rhizome prior to the extraction of essential oil.
Correlation of displacement of mediastinal metastatic lymph nodes with adjacent organs in non‐small cell lung cancer on four‐dimensional computed tomography
Authors: Wang Suzhen , Xing Huai‐Xin , Li Jianbin , Zhang Ying‐Jie , Fan Ting‐Yong , Yuan Shuang‐Hu , Hu Xu‐Dong , Xu Min 
Published: June 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the correlation of displacement of the mediastinal metastatic lymph nodes with adjacent organs in non‐small cell lung cancer using four‐dimensional computed tomography.MethodsThe displacements of 51 mediastinal metastatic lymph nodes located in the left–right, anterior–posterior, and superior–inferior directions were measured using four‐dimensional computed tomography. Correlation analyses were carried out to determine the association between the displacement of lymph nodes and volumetric change of the lungs and heart.ResultsA significant correlation of displacement of the left group lymph nodes in left–right and the right group in anterior–posterior directions with volumetric change of the ipsilateral lung was observed. There were significant correlations between displacement of the left group lymph nodes and volumetric change of the heart.ConclusionDisplacement of the mediastinal metastatic lymph nodes was relevant to the adjacent organs.
In vitro evaluation of an intravenous microdialysis catheter for therapeutic drug monitoring of gentamicin and vancomycin
Authors: van der Mast Jackelien E. , Nijsten Maarten W. , Alffenaar Jan‐Willem C. , Touw Daan J. , Bult Wouter 
Published: June 2019

AbstractA central venous catheter with a built‐in microdialysis membrane is available for continuous lactate and glucose monitoring in the intensive care unit (ICU). As this catheter might also be suitable for repeated measurements of unbound drug levels, we studied in vitro the feasibility of monitoring unbound antibiotic concentrations. The catheter was placed in various media at 37°C spiked with gentamicin or vancomycin. Dialysate fractions were repeatedly collected over 3 hours with a NaCl 0.9% perfusate flow of 5 μL/min. Total and unbound drug concentrations in medium and perfusate were measured by immunoassay. After 60 minutes stable recovery for both drugs was observed, with mean ±SD relative recoveries of vancomycin and gentamicin in human serum of 64% ±0.4% and 73% ±3%. The recoveries of the unbound concentrations were 91% ±3% and 91% ±4%. This intravenous microdialysis system may be a very useful platform for therapeutic drug monitoring in the ICU.
Molecular characterization of nonionic surfactant components of the Corexit® 9500 oil spill dispersant by high‐resolution mass spectrometry
Authors: Choyke Sarah , Ferguson P. Lee 
Published: June 2019

RationaleApproximately 7 million liters of Corexit® dispersants were applied during the 2010 Deepwater Horizon oil spill to facilitate the dispersion of crude oil. At the time of application, the exact chemical composition of Corexit® was relatively unknown. Characterization of Corexit® 9500 was performed using high‐resolution mass spectrometry to further understand the complexity of the nonionic surfactant components of this mixture.MethodsCorexit®9500 was analyzed by ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) coupled to a high resolution Orbitrap Fusion Lumos mass spectrometer operated in positive electrospray ionization mode and a charged aerosol detector. Chromatographic conditions were optimized to efficiently separate isobaric and isomeric compounds. Polyethoxylated nonionic surfactants in Corexit® 9500 were identified using the following criteria: accurate mass (<3 ppm), retention time, and homologue series; in addition, interpretation of high‐resolution tandem mass spectra was used to annotate tentative component structures.ResultsMore than 2000 polysorbate nonionic surfactants in 87 homologue series were detected. Polysorbate surfactants were characterized by the type of molecular basis group (sorbitan, isosorbide, or fatty acid), degree of esterification (n = 0–4), ester chain length (C6–C24), and ester saturation, in addition to polydispersion by ethoxylation. Isomeric compounds were differentiated by LC/HRMS/MS analysis with product ion assignment. Results from the charged aerosol detector showed that the diesters (23.9 ± 0.78%) were the most abundant component in Corexit® 9500 followed by dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate (DOSS) (19.2 ± 1.5%), triesters (17.3 ± 1.5%), and monoesters (15.7 ± 2.3%).ConclusionsOur analytical approach facilitated the characterization of polysorbate surfactants within Corexit® 9500 and allowed a systematic study to differentiate isomeric and isobaric compounds, when standards were not available. The characterized composition of Corexit® 9500 will facilitate future studies to determine the chemical and biological transformation kinetics and byproducts of Corexit® 9500 under environmental conditions.
Within the asylum‐advocacy nexus: An analysis of Mexican transgender asylum seekers in the United States
Authors: Barnes Nielan 
Published: June 2019

AbstractDespite that Mexico has experienced significant legislative gains for LGBT rights, why is transphobic violence on the rise, driving increasing numbers to immigrate to the United States, even though the United States also experiences high levels of transphobic violence? This paper uses action‐based research from within the “asylum‐advocacy nexus” to analyze the experiences of Mexican transgender and gender non‐conforming persons within both the Mexican society and the US society and asylum process. Data show early childhood socialization is deeply informed by conservative religious (trans‐ and homophobic) ideas and practices that extend from the family and church into each sector of society—educational, employment, health care, public security, popular culture, sports, etc. Despite some legislative advances and possibilities for empowerment, there remains a programmatic need to address a culture of violence against sexual minorities within family, educational, legal, and public security sectors in both countries.
Discovering common bug‐fix patterns: A large‐scale observational study
Authors: Campos Eduardo C. , Maia Marcelo de A. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackground: Automatic program repair aims to reduce costs associated with defect repair. The detection and characterization of common bug‐fix patterns in software repositories play an important role in advancing this field. Aim: In this paper, we characterize the occurrence of known bug‐fix patterns in Java repositories at an unprecedented large scale. Furthermore, we propose a novel automatic technique for unveiling frequent and isolated repair actions corresponding to realistic bug fixes in Java. Method: The study was conducted for Java GitHub projects organized in two distinct data sets. The first data set (Boa) contains more than 4 million bug‐fix commits from 101 471 projects. The second data set (Defects4J) contains 369 real bug fixes from five open‐source projects. Results: We characterized the prevalence of the five most common bug‐fix patterns (identified in the work of Pan et al) in those bug fixes. The combined results showed direct evidence that developers often forget to add IF preconditions in the code.Conclusion: We discover a total of 155 repair actions from Defects4J patches and discuss 10 pervasive repair actions that occur across all analyzed Java projects. Moreover, the overall Precision and Recall values for the clustering approach were 0.62 and 0.64, respectively.
Fatigue in primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS) is associated with lower levels of proinflammatory cytokines: a validation study
Authors:   UK Primary Sjögren’s Syndrome Registry, Davies Kristen , Mirza Kamran , Tarn Jessica , Howard-Tripp Nadia , Bowman Simon J. , Lendrem Dennis , Ng Wan-Fai 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS) is a chronic autoimmune rheumatic disease with symptoms including dryness, fatigue, and pain. The previous work by our group has suggested that certain proinflammatory cytokines are inversely related to patient-reported levels of fatigue. To date, these findings have not been validated. This study aims to validate this observation. Blood levels of seven cytokines were measured in 120 patients with pSS from the United Kingdom Primary Sjögren’s Syndrome Registry and 30 age-matched healthy non-fatigued controls. Patient-reported scores for fatigue were classified according to severity and compared to cytokine levels using analysis of variance. The differences between cytokines in cases and controls were evaluated using Wilcoxon test. A logistic regression model was used to determine the most important identifiers of fatigue. Five cytokines, interferon-γ-induced protein-10 (IP-10), tumour necrosis factor-α (TNFα), interferon-α (IFNα), interferon-γ (IFN-γ), and lymphotoxin-α (LT-α) were significantly higher in patients with pSS (n = 120) compared to non-fatigued controls (n = 30). Levels of two proinflammatory cytokines, TNF-α (p = 0.021) and LT-α (p = 0.043), were inversely related to patient-reported levels of fatigue. Cytokine levels, disease-specific and clinical parameters as well as pain, anxiety, and depression were used as predictors in our validation model. The model correctly identifies fatigue levels with 85% accuracy. Consistent with the original study, pain, depression, and proinflammatory cytokines appear to be the most powerful predictors of fatigue in pSS. TNF-α and LT-α have an inverse relationship with fatigue severity in pSS challenging the notion that proinflammatory cytokines directly mediate fatigue in chronic immunological conditions.
Inattention and task switching performance: the role of predictability, working memory load and goal neglect
Authors: Arabacı Gizem , Parris Benjamin A. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractInattention is a symptom of many clinical disorders including attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and is thought to be primarily related to limitations in working memory. In two studies, we investigated the implications of inattention for task switching performance. In study one, we measured task switching performance using predictable and unpredictable conditions in adults who self-rated inattention and other ADHD-related tendencies. Tasks required proactive control and reactive control, respectively, under both high and low working memory loads. Results revealed that inattentive, but not hyperactive/impulsive traits, predicted switch costs when switching was predictable and working memory load was high. None of the ADHD traits were related to unpredictable switch costs. Study two was designed to: (1) de-confound the role of proactive control and the need to keep track of task order in the predictable task switching paradigm; (2) investigate whether goal neglect, an impairment related to working memory, could explain the relationship between inattention and predictable task switching. Results revealed that neither predictability nor the need to keep track of the task order led to the association between switch costs and inattention, but instead it was the tendency for those high in inattention to neglect preparatory proactive control, especially when reactive control options were available.
The influence of soil compaction in explaining spatial heterogeneity of different larch forest types: a preliminary study
Authors: Tian Yuan , Zhang Qiuliang , Liu Xuan 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Compacted soil has an adverse effect on plant roots and affects water and nutrient availability. However, different degrees of soil compaction may be suitable for growth and development of different understory species. This study determined whether soil compaction could explain characteristics of 10 different Dahurian larch (Larix gmelinii Rupr.) forest types in the Daxing’anling area. The relationship of soil compaction to soil depth was also studied. Forty-five tests were conducted on soil compaction of the 10 forest types with multiple comparisons, of which five showed no significant differences. At different soil depths, there were significant differences in soil compaction among forest types. The correlation between the degree of soil compaction and depth was positive and significant. The Larix gmelinii—shrub forest type, L. gmelinii—herb forest type, and L. gmelinii—swamp forest type were significantly different in soil compaction according to soil depth. This research indicates that, as a physical property, soil compaction may be used to explain forest distribution spatial variabilities.