bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Subthalamic Nucleus and Sensorimotor Cortex Activity During Speech Production
Authors: Chrabaszcz Anna , Neumann Wolf-Julian , Stretcu Otilia , Lipski Witold J. , Bush Alan , Dastolfo-Hromack Christina A. , Wang Dengyu , Crammond Donald J. , Shaiman Susan , Dickey Michael W. , Holt Lori L. , Turner Robert S. , Fiez Julie A. , Richardson R. Mark 
Published: January 2019

The sensorimotor cortex is somatotopically organized to represent the vocal tract articulators such as lips, tongue, larynx, and jaw. How speech and articulatory features are encoded at the subcortical level, however, remains largely unknown. We analyzed LFP recordings from the subthalamic nucleus (STN) and simultaneous electrocorticography recordings from the sensorimotor cortex of 11 human subjects (1 female) with Parkinson's disease during implantation of deep-brain stimulation (DBS) electrodes while they read aloud three-phoneme words. The initial phonemes involved either articulation primarily with the tongue (coronal consonants) or the lips (labial consonants). We observed significant increases in high-gamma (60–150 Hz) power in both the STN and the sensorimotor cortex that began before speech onset and persisted for the duration of speech articulation. As expected from previous reports, in the sensorimotor cortex, the primary articulators involved in the production of the initial consonants were topographically represented by high-gamma activity. We found that STN high-gamma activity also demonstrated specificity for the primary articulator, although no clear topography was observed. In general, subthalamic high-gamma activity varied along the ventral–dorsal trajectory of the electrodes, with greater high-gamma power recorded in the dorsal locations of the STN. Interestingly, the majority of significant articulator-discriminative activity in the STN occurred before that in sensorimotor cortex. These results demonstrate that articulator-specific speech information is contained within high-gamma activity of the STN, but with different spatial and temporal organization compared with similar information encoded in the sensorimotor cortex.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTClinical and electrophysiological evidence suggest that the subthalamic nucleus (STN) is involved in speech; however, this important basal ganglia node is ignored in current models of speech production. We previously showed that STN neurons differentially encode early and late aspects of speech production, but no previous studies have examined subthalamic functional organization for speech articulators. Using simultaneous LFP recordings from the sensorimotor cortex and the STN in patients with Parkinson's disease undergoing deep-brain stimulation surgery, we discovered that STN high-gamma activity tracks speech production at the level of vocal tract articulators before the onset of vocalization and often before related cortical encoding.
Languages in Sub-Saharan Africa in a broader socio-political perspective
Authors: Záhořík Jan 
Published: January 2019

Charles University This study deals with language policies in Africa with a special focus on multi-ethnic and multi-lingual states including Sudan, Ethiopia, Nigeria, Cameroon, and Democratic Republic of Congo. The study will thus examine relations between state and minorities, the status of major and marginalized languages, the roles of European languages in politics as well as theoretical frameworks. Sub-Saharan Africa has undergone a remarkable process from linguistic imperialism to linguistic pluralism and revivalism. Until the 1960s the superior position of the European languages (English, French, and Portuguese) was evident, but after the Africanization of politics and society in many African countries, a strong accent on linguistic emancipation was initiated. Nowadays, many African countries follow the principle of linguistic pluralism where several languages enjoy the same rights and space in the media, administrative, education, etc. This study will discuss some important case studies and their specific language policies.
The lost identity of Mother India: Rape, mutilation and a socio-political critique of Indian society
Authors: Paunksnis Šarūnas 
Published: January 2019

Vytautas Magnus UniversityThe article discusses a film by Deepa Mehta, a filmmaker who is a part of the so-called Indian Parallel Cinema, and a critic of Indian culture and society. The main argument of the article is that in the landmark film Earth, Mehta portrays a character to personify the idea of Mother India. Mehta’s vision of Mother India is rendered psychoanalytically as being raped by her sons—something that had started during the partition of India and continues till our times. The article introduces and re-thinks categories of Indianness, rape, alienness, which are vital to our understanding of contemporary Indian culture and society. One of the main operating categories of the article is identity—what it means in our modern times, and what it means to lose it—something that happened in 1947 during the partition, and is still continuing. The article also stands in opposition to the traditional understanding of the Mother—in contemporary times, as it is argued, Mother is not cherished by her Sons, instead, she is raped and mutilated, as a consequence of ontological insecurity and desire for identity.
Hollywood Sinemasında Çocuk Hackerlar
Authors: Gültekin Gökhan 
Published: January 2019

Günümüz dijital çağında her türlü enformasyona çok daha hızlı erişme imkânı bulan insanlık, özellikle kişisel bilgisayarlar, cep telefonları ya da tabletler aracılığıyla enformasyona etki edebilme fırsatı da yakalamış durumdadır. Dahası, ‘dijital yerliler’ olarak adlandırılan ve özellikle 1980’lerin başından itibaren ‘ağ toplumu’ içinde büyüyen çocukların dijital dünyaya çok daha hızlı adapte olabildikleri söylenebilir. Dolayısıyla bu çocukların dijital veriler üzerine etki edebildiklerini görmek mümkündür. Böylece her geçen gün daha fazla ‘bilgisayar dâhisi’ çocuk görmek olası hâle gelmektedir. Çalışma bu noktadan hareketle, internetin ana vatanı ve çıkış noktası olan Amerika’nın sinema evrenindeki bilgisayar dâhisi çocuklara yönelmiştir. Bu açıdan ‘hacker’ veya ‘siberpunk’ tarzı filmlerdeki bilgisayar dâhilerine rastlanılan Weird Science (1985), The Dirt Bike Kid (1985), Masterminds (1997) ve Let’s Be Evil (2016) filmleri örnekleme dâhil edilerek incelenmiştir. Çalışmada bu filmlerdeki çocuk hackerlerin görünümleri benzerlikler ve farklılıklar açısından değerlendirilmiştir. Bu değerlendirmeyi yaparken gerek bilgisayar teknolojisinin gerekse çocuk hackerlerin nasıl bir dönüşüm yaşadığını ortaya koyabilmek adına, ‘durum çalışması/durum saptaması’ yönteminden yararlanılmıştır.
Uluslararası Öğrencilerin Kültürleşme Stresi: Selçuk Üniversitesinde Okuyan Afrikalı Öğrenciler Üzerine Bir Uygulama
Authors: URHAN TORUN Bahar , BOZKURT Emrah 
Published: January 2019

Bir
bireyin ya da grubun kendi bölgesine özgü kültürel ögeleri ve farklı
toplumlarda karşılaştığı yeni kültürel ögeleri, kendinde birleştirmesiyle
kültürleşme ortaya çıkmaktadır. Bireyler kültürlerarası iletişim sürecinde,
adaptasyon nedeniyle kültürleşme stresiyle karşı karşıya kalmaktadırlar. Bu
sebeple kültürleşme stresini irdelemeye yönelik yapılan çalışmalar akademik ve toplumsal
açıdan önem arz etmektedir. Bu çalışma
kapsamında da Daya S. Sandhu ve Badiolah R. Asrabadi (1994) tarafından
geliştirilen kültürleşme stresi ölçeğinden yararlanılarak kültürlerarası iletişim
sürecinde kültürleşme stresi Konya Selçuk Üniversitesinde okuyan Afrikalı
öğrenciler üzerinden incelenmiştir. Çalışmada ayrıca belli değişkenler
doğrultusunda kültürleşme stres düzeylerinin farklılaşıp farklılaşmadığı
belirlenmiştir. Saha araştırması yönteminin kullanıldığı çalışmada 55 öğrenciye
elektronik ortam üzerinden anket uygulanmıştır. Faktör analizi sonuçlarının
değerlendirilmesinde Daya S. Sandhu ve Badiolah R. Asrabadi’nin (1994) (ASSIS) ölçeğindeki
faktörler kullanılmış ve altı faktör saptanmıştır. Diğer taraftan katılımcıların
kültürleşme stres düzeyleri ile çeşitli değişkenler arasında anlamlı bir
farklılığa rastlanılmamıştır.
Indoor radon measurement in residential/commercial buildings in Isfahan city
Authors: Mirbag Azad , Shokati Poursani Afshin 
Published: January 2019

Introduction: People are constantly exposed to radiation from natural and artificial sources of radiation. Radon is one of the natural radiation sources that its concentration in very high in some part of the world. The presence of radon gas in the air can increase the risk of lung cancer. In this study, the level of indoor radon in dwellings of Isfahan city was surveyed. It should be mentioned that an active alpha GUARD instrument was used to measure radon concentration. All of the measurments took place during the winter and spring of 2018.

Materials and methods: In the present survey, 51 residential/commercial buildings were considered to radon gas monitoring based on the population distribution on 15 urban areas and the population of each area and technical possibilities. In each residential/commercial buildings, sampling was carried out at different floors of the building. A professional radon monitoring device (Alpha GUARD PQ2000 PRO) was used to measure indoor radon gas con-centration.

Results: The Results of measuring were shown that the radon concentration in the residential/commercial buildings varied from 3 to 251 Bq / m3, with a mean value of 28.57 ± 39.38 Bq / m3. The average annual effective dose re-ceived by the residents of the studied area was estimated to be 0.49 mSv. The results showed a significant difference between the average radon concentra-tion in different floors and the different ventilation of the building, higher values in the lower floors and weaker ventilation.

Conclusion: Indoor radon concentration in 4 % of the building was deter-mined to be higher than the limit (100 Bq / m3) recommended by the World Health Organization.
Survey of knowledge and attitude of people about air pollution in Tehran, Iran
Authors: Ahmadfazeli Ali , Hesami Zohreh , Ghanbari Ali , Safari Mohammad , Has-sanvand Mohammad Sadegh 
Published: January 2019

Introduction: The importance of air quality and paying attention to what we breathe have been valuable always. So that air pollution is one of the key environmental issues in urban communities. Several studies show that the potential effects of air pollution on human health include increased mortality and changes in cardiovascular and respiratory functions.

Materials and methods: The population of this study was people in 22 dis-tricts of Tehran megacity. The questionnaires were placed at the municipality centers of 22 districts and randomly completed by people who came to the center. Questions included the importance of air pollution, the comparison of air quality with last year, the main sources of air pollution, the problems created by air pollution, the quality of informing system, as well as questions about their satisfaction about government’s actions on air pollution control plans. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 24.

Results: 84.14 % of the participants stated that air pollution is important to them and has a negative influence on their lives. Also, most of them were not satisfied with the measures taken and expected that actions would be better to reduce air pollution. 91.10 % of the participants considered cars as the main causes of air pollution. Also, 68.22 % of people believed that air pollution had a significant negative impact on their quality of life.

Conclusion: Most people are willing to live at a higher cost but a less pol-luted environment, while more of them are not well aware of their role in reducing air pollution. Moreover further education should be provided on the role of people in reducing air pollution. Additionally, the government must deal with air pollutants and take serious measures.
Surveillance of Family Care Function in Feeding of the Children under the Age of Six in Abadan 2015
Authors: Sechin Matouri Masoume , Ghadamkheir Khadijeh , Ali Abedi Heidar , Dashtinezhad Elham 
Published: January 2019

Background: Family is one of the early systems of human societies. Inappropriate performance of family in taking care of children, especially nutritional care, leads to irreparable damages to their development and growth. Accordingly, the present study aimed to investigate the nutrition care of children under the age of six in Abadan. Methods: This descriptive-analytic study was carried out on 406 families with children under the age of six in Abadan city. The families were selected using the cluster sampling method. The data collection tools were a researcher-made questionnaire and direct interview. Furthermore, descriptive and analytical tests such as single sample t-test were used using the SPSS. Results: The results of this study showed that 60 percent of children under one year of age and 32.7 percent of 1-3 year old children were breastfed. Conclusion: The family care function was not satisfactory in regarding the nutrition status of 1-3 year old children. This suggests the necessity of education on breastfeeding by the end of the 2-year period.
EVALUASI KEGIATAN INSTRUKSIONAL PENGUCAPAN BAHASA INDONESIA OLEH MAHASISWA MENGGUNAKAN SURVEI DARING [STUDENT EVALUATION OF INSTRUCTION IN AN INDONESIAN LANGUAGE PRONUNCIATION COURSE USING AN ONLINE SURVEY]
Authors: The Hery Yanto , Latifah Latifah 
Published: January 2019

<p class="abstrak">Student evaluation of instruction is important feedback for instructors to receive in order to refine and improve the learning quality of a course. A free online survey, such as Survey Monkey, can be used to collect the feedback. There is display feature in Survey Monkey that allow users to view the summary of the data in tables and charts. The free account does not support downloading data from the server, but users can compile it manually. This study focuses on using an online survey in the Indonesian Language Program of Zhejiang Yuexiu University of Foreign Languages in China. Students who were enrolled in the Indonesian Pronunciation Course evaluated the instruction in the course. The results showed that data collected through a well-structured online survey questionnaire, aligned with the aim of evaluation, can provide the instructor with sufficient information about the strengths and weaknesses of the instruction.</p><p class="abstrak"><strong>BAHASA INDONESIA ABSTRAK: </strong>Evaluasi kegiatan instruksional oleh mahasiswa dapat digunakan sebagai bahan masukan untuk memperbaiki dan meningkatkan kualitas belajar mengajar mata kuliah. Evaluasi oleh mahasiswa dapat diperoleh melalui pengumpulan data dengan angket pada survei daring bebas bayar seperti Survey Monkey. Survei ini dapat menampilkan tabel dan grafik ringkasan data yang dengan mudah dapat digunakan oleh dosen untuk melakukan interpretasi. Data kualitatif dari hasil pertanyaan terbuka dapat dilihat pada laman Survey Monkey, namun hasil rinci yang akan diinterpretasi harus diunduh secara manual karena peneliti menggunakan akun bebas bayar. Penelitian survei daring ini memaparkan analisis dan interpretasi evaluasi mahasiswa terhadap kegiatan instruksional mata kuliah Pengucapan Bahasa Indonesia pada Jurusan Bahasa Indonesia, Universitas Bahasa Asing Zhejiang Yuexiu di Tiongkok. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, data survei yang dikumpulkan dengan angket daring yang disusun secara terstruktur dan sesuai dengan tujuan evaluasi dapat memberikan informasi mengenai kelebihan dan kekurangan pelaksanaan kegiatan instruksional selama perkuliahan.</p>
MANFAAT DARI PROGRAM MENTORING DI FAKULTAS KEPERAWATAN DAN ILMU KESEHATAN UNIVERSITAS PELITA HARAPAN [THE BENEFITS OF A MENTORING PROGRAM IN THE SCHOOL OF NURSING AT UNIVERSITAS PELITA HARAPAN]
Authors: Houghty Grace Solely , Siswadi Yakobus , Mambu Ian Rudy 
Published: January 2019

<p class="abstrak">Mentoring is a relationship between someone who has more experience and someone who has less. The literature shows that a mentoring program can enhance the academic success and character development of an individual. A mentoring program started in the school of nursing at UPH in 2013-2014 and it was a new experience for the students. The purpose of this study is to describe the benefits of the mentoring program. The research design is a qualitative descriptive study. The number of participants in the study were 17 mentors and 34 mentees. Narrative qualitative data were analyzed using content analysis. The results of the mentors content analysis of the benefits of the program revealed three themes: joint learning, effective communication skills, and caring for others. The results of the narrative data analysis of the mentees produced three themes: mutual respect, kinship, and effective academic learning. Based on this research, it is hoped that the mentoring program can be further developed, especially in the areas of ongoing recruitment and training of mentors.</p><p class="abstrak"><strong>BAHASA INDONESIA ABSTRAK: </strong>Mentoring adalah suatu hubungan antara seseorang yang lebih berpengalaman dengan seseorang yang kurang pengalamannya. Literatur menunjukkan bahwa program mentoring akan memberikan dukungan untuk kesuksesan akademik dan pengembangan karakter diri. Program mentoring mulai dilaksanakan pada semester genap 2013-2014 dan merupakan hal yang baru untuk mahasiswa. Perlu untuk mengetahui gambaran program mentoring dalam bentuk data naratif. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk menggambarkan manfaat dari program mentoring. Desain penelitian adalah studi deskriptif kualitatif. Jumlah partisipan dalam penelitian adalah 17 mentor dan 34 mentee. Data kualitatif naratif dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis isi. Hasil analisis data naratif dari mentor tentang manfaat program mentoring menghasilkan tiga tema yaitu belajar bersama, keterampilan komunikasi yang efektif, dan rasa peduli kepada orang lain. Hasil analisis data naratif dari mentee tentang manfaat program mentoring menghasilkan tiga tema yaitu saling menghormati, rasa kekeluargaan, dan pembelajaran akademik yang efektif. Diharapkan program mentoring dapat dikembangkan lebih baik lagi khususnya untuk program perekrutan dan pelatihan yang berkelanjutan bagi mentor.</p>
SUMBANGSIH PENDIDIKAN AGAMA KRISTEN BAGI KEADILAN DIFABILITAS [THE CONTRIBUTION OF CHRISTIAN EDUCATION TO DISABILITY JUSTICE]
Authors: Kristianto Paulus Eko 
Published: January 2019

<p>How does Christian education contribute to disability justice? This is the question that guided the author when writing this article. Christian education is at the core of students’ formation. Students are invited not only to master knowledge, but also a theological perspective that they can apply to issues and problems. In mapping and responding to this, the author conducted a literature study of the Christian education curriculum used in schools of the Christian education working group of the churches in Indonesia. The results of this study indicates that disability theology is an issue that has not been discussed comprehensively in the Christian education curriculum in schools, although it has been discussed explicitly at a minimal level.</p><p><strong>BAHASA INDONESIA ABSTRAK: </strong>Bagaimana sumbangsih pendidikan agama kristen bagi keadilan difabilitas? Pertanyaan ini menjadi pokok permasalahan dan panduan dalam penulisan artikel ini. Pendidikan agama kristen merupakan inti pembentukan peserta didik. Peserta didik diajak tidak hanya menguasai ilmu yang tinggi, melainkan teologi yang mampu berdialog dengan konteks mereka. Dalam memetakan dan menanggapi permasalahan tersebut, penulis melakukan penelitian studi pustaka terhadap kurikulum pendidikan agama kristen di sekolah dari kelompok kerja pendidikan agama Kristen persekutuan gereja-gereja di Indonesia. Hasil penelitian tersebut menunjukkan bahwa isu teologi difabilitas belum dibahas secara komprehensif dalam kurikulum PAK di sekolah, walaupun sudah dibahas secara eksplisit dalam kadar minim.</p>
KONSELING KELOMPOK DENGAN PENDEKATAN EKSISTENSIAL-HUMANISTIK UNTUK MELATIH PENYESUAIAN DIRI MELALUI RANDAI DARI MINANGKABAU [GROUP COUNSELING USING AN EXISTENTIAL-HUMANISTIC APPROACH TO DEVELOP SELF-ADJUSTMENT COMBINED WITH THE EXPRESSIVE ARTS TECHNIQUES OF RANDAI OF MINANGKABAU]
Authors: Hasna Afra 
Published: January 2019

<p class="abstrak">Group counseling is a group therapeutic activity to help the counselee identify problems, find alternatives using problem- solving and decision-making, and then act. The existential-humanistic approach in group counseling aims at influencing the counselee to focus on human nature, including the ability to be self-aware, self-determined, and responsible. For clients that need help with self-adjustment, counseling can be combined with the expressive arts techniques of Randai (a folk theatre tradition of the Minangkabau ethinic group in West Sumatra). The application of Randai can be done at the working stage. Using Randai, clients can be trained to be cautious, compact, cooperative, diligent, and optimistic.</p><p class="abstrak"><strong>ABSTRAK: </strong>Konseling kelompok merupakan kegiatan terapeutik berkelompok guna membantu konseli mengidentifikasi, menemukan alternatif pemecahan masalah dan pengambilan keputusan dan mewujudkannya. Pendekatan eksistensial-humanistik dalam konseling kelompok bertujuan mempengaruhi konseli berfokus pada sifat manusia mencakup kesanggupan untuk menyadari diri, bebas menentukan nasib sendiri, dan bertanggungjawab. Dalam praktik konseling dikolaborasikan dengan kegiatan randai dari Minangkabau sebagai upaya melatih penyesuaian diri. Penerapan randai dilaksanakan pada tahap kerja (working stage). Dalam randai, klien dilatih bersikap hati-hati, kompak, kerjasama, tekun dan optimis.</p>
STUDI PENGALAMAN MAHASISWA CALON GURU DALAM MEMPRAKTEKKAN FILSAFAT PENDIDIKAN KRISTEN [A FIELD EXPERIENCE STUDY OF PRE-SERVICE TEACHERS IN PUTTING THE CHRISTIAN EDUCATION PHILOSOPHY INTO PRACTICE]
Authors: Rasilim Connie 
Published: January 2019

<p>Equipping prospective teachers to understand and implement the philosophy of Christian education is very important since it is one of the foundational weapons for students to use when encountering different and colliding worlviews. The purpose of this research was to explore whether the pre-service teachers of Teachers College UPH were able to demonstrate the philosophy and practice of Christian education during their internship program. The method used in this research was case study, and the data was pulled together from semi-structured interviews given to the pre-service teachers, teacher-educators, and mentors. The collected data was then analyzed using the axial coding method. The results of this research indicate that the pre-service teachers were able to demonstrate the philosophy and practice of Christian education during their internship.</p><p><strong>BAHASA INDONESIA ABSTRAK: </strong>Membekali calon guru untuk memahami dan mempraktekkan filsafat pendidikan Kristen sangat penting karena hal tersebut adalah salah satu senjata paling mendasar bagi para mahasiswa untuk menghadapi banyak pandangan hidup dunia yang berbeda dan saling menyerang. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengeksplorasi cara guru pra-layanan dari Teachers College UPH apakah mampu menunjukkan filosofi dan praktek pendidikan Kristen selama program magang. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah studi kasus, dan data ditarik bersama oleh wawancara semi terstruktur. Wawancara diajukan ke guru pra-jabatan, pendidik dan mentor guru. Data yang terkumpul kemudian dianalisis menggunakan metode axial coding. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa guru pra-layanan mampu menunjukkan filsafat dan praktik pendidikan Kristen selama magang.</p>