bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Violencia escolar en bachillerato: algunas estrategias para su prevención desde diferentes perspectivas
Authors: González Medina Mario Alberto , Treviño Villarreal Diana Carolina 
Published: April 2019

La violencia escolar es una acción que se ha venido manifestando a través de los años y esta ha afectado la vida de quienes la han padecido. Específicamente, el bachillerato es vulnerable a la violencia y va generando consecuencias negativas en los estudiantes, tanto en el ámbito escolar como en el personal. Es por ello que el objetivo del presente trabajo es determinar los factores que se relacionan con dicha violencia en estudiantes de este nivel, con la finalidad de contribuir a su prevención. El tipo de estudio fue no experimental, transversal, descriptivo y correlacional. La muestra estuvo conformada por 4.822 estudiantes. Se utilizaron los resultados de las Evaluaciones de Logro referidas al Sistema Educativo Nacional (ELSEN) y del cuestionario de contexto, ambos correspondientes al Plan Nacional para la Evaluación de los Aprendizajes (PLANEA) 2017. Se hizo una revisión exhaustiva de la literatura y de ahí se derivaron los factores propuestos en un modelo teórico. Se determinó la cantidad de alumnos que sufría de violencia escolar con base en su sexo y el tipo de escuela. Fueron aplicadas las pruebas t de student y la U de Mann-Whitney para evidenciar uno de los aspectos adversos que padecían los alumnos que experimentaban violencia escolar. Fue aplicada la técnica de modelaje con ecuaciones estructurales para verificar empíricamente el modelo teórico. Entre los hallazgos, se encontró una relación directa de la Violencia con los factores Emociones, Metas, Laboral y Relaciones, e indirecta con Actitud, Padres y Bienes. En conclusión, y tomando como base los resultados arrojados y las revisiones de diferentes autores, la violencia escolar está presente, no obstante, puede ser prevenida si se toman en cuenta los factores propuestos.
Individual entrenchment vs. community-wide conventionalization of contact features in L2 Basque speakers’ individual styles
Authors: Lantto Hanna 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThis article examines individual variation of contact features in the speech patterns of four L2 Basque speakers. The individual styles are examined through the concepts of individual entrenchment and community-wide conventionalization to bridge the gap between linguistic variation and change at the individual and social levels. All the informants speak Spanish as their L1. They have acquired Basque in classroom contexts, and they belong to the same macrosociolinguistic categories. Yet their patterns of using the language contact between standard Basque, vernacular Basque dialects and Spanish as a resource in creating individual speech styles differ considerably, reflecting their language attitudes and their personal experience. Nevertheless, there are conventionalized patterns that emerge out of this diversity: All speakers use the standard Basque as the base language, and none of them adopts of vernacular variety as a whole. The Spanish resources seem to be used mainly for pragmatic and stylistic functions, whereas the features of vernacular Basque that the speakers have adopted as part of their individual styles are high frequency elements of core grammar.
Vitamin D status and its relationship with systemic lupus erythematosus as a determinant and outcome of disease activity
Authors: Dutta Chayanika , Kakati Sanjeeb , Barman Bhupen , Bora Kaustubh 
Published: April 2019

Abstract

Background
The importance of vitamin D (VD) in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is being increasingly appreciated, with studies suggesting a relationship between VD deficiency and SLE onset/disease activity. We investigated VD status in SLE patients and its associations with disease activity in a geographical region of India receiving low solar ultraviolet-B (UV-B) index.

Materials and methods
We enrolled 109 SLE patients along with 109 healthy controls belonging to same ethnicity and localities. Demographic and clinico-laboratory information were recorded. VD status was assessed by estimating serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OH-D) concentrations (deficient: <20 ng/mL, insufficient: 21–29 ng/mL, and sufficient/normal: ≥30 ng/mL) using an enzyme-linked fluorescent assay (ELFA). The SLE Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI) scoring system was used to evaluate disease activity. The association between VD status and disease activity was assessed by univariate and multivariate approaches.

Results
Hypovitaminosis D was prevalent in 90.83% SLE patients [vs. 77.98% healthy controls; chi-squared (χ2) = 10.125, df = 2, p < 0.01]. SLEDAI scores and 25-OH-D values were inversely associated, which extended in a two-way manner as revealed by multiple logistic regression models. SLE patients with VD deficiency were more likely to have high/very high disease activity [adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 3.5, 95% confidence intervals (CI): 1.4–8.9]. Conversely, patients with high SLEDAI scores (>10) also had greater risks of being VD deficient (adjusted OR = 3.9, 95% CI: 1.5–10.8).

Conclusion
VD deficiency is widespread in SLE. The relationship appears to be bidirectional, with VD status associated both as determinant and outcome of disease activity in SLE.
The Youden Index in the Generalized Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve Context
Authors: Martínez-Camblor Pablo , Pardo-Fernández Juan Carlos 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and their associated summary indices, such as the Youden index, are statistical tools commonly used to analyze the discrimination ability of a (bio)marker to distinguish between two populations. This paper presents the concept of Youden index in the context of the generalized ROC (gROC) curve for non-monotone relationships. The interval estimation of the Youden index and the associated cutoff points in a parametric (binormal) and a non-parametric setting is considered. Monte Carlo simulations and a real-world application illustrate the proposed methodology.
Bioactive Glasses in Bone Tissue Engineering/ Bioaktivna stakla u inženjerstvu koštanih tkiva
Authors: Jokanović Vukoman , Čolović Božana , Marković Dejan , Živković Slavoljub 
Published: April 2019

SUMMARY
Bioactive glasses are often used nanomaterials in tissue engineering of bone and soft tissue. Many newly synthesized materials for applications in medicine and dentistry are based on these bioactive substances. Bioactive glass is usually used as a scaffold or as an implant coating on implants and it allows fast formation of apatite layer with positive effect on osteoblasts proliferation. These biomaterials play an important role in dentistry and endodontics. This study is mostly part of the monograph titled “Nanomedicine, the Greatest Challenge of the 21st Century”, that for two years has received attention from professional and scientific community in various fields. Information presented in this paper highlight structural characteristics of bioactive glasses that have a significant role in bone tissue engineering
In Vitro Comparative Evaluation of Microleakage of Newly Introduced Dyad Flow and Total and Self Etch Adhesives in Class V Resin Composite Restorations
Authors: Mann Navjot S. , Makkar Sameer , Sharma Reetika 
Published: April 2019

SUMMARY
Introduction The aim of this study was to evaluate marginal sealing ability of newly introduced Dyad Flow flowable composite and compare to total-etch and self-etch adhesive system at the coronal and apical margins of class V resin composite restorations.
Material and Methods A standard class V cavity (3 mm mesiodistal width, 3 mm occlusogingival height and 1.5 mm axial depth) was prepared on the buccal surface of freshly extracted sound human teeth. Occlusal and gingival margins of the cavities were located in enamel and cementum/dentin, respectively. Teeth were randomly assigned into the three groups (n=10) and restored with different composite materials following the manufacturer’s instructions: group I was restored with nanohybrid resin composite using total-etch bonding agent; group II was restored with nanohybrid resin composite using self-etch technique; group III was restored with flowable composite (Dyad Flow), respectively. After finishing and polishing, the teeth were coated with nail varnish and immersed in rhodamine B dye and sectioned longitudinally. Dye penetration was examined under stereomicroscope and scored separately for occlusal and gingival margins on a 0–3 ordinal scale. Data were analyzed with Kruskal–Wallis, Mann–Whitney and Wilcoxon tests (a=0.05).
Result Statistical analysis showed that specimens restored with the total-etch and self-etch adhesive systems revealed reduced leakage at the coronal margin. At the apical margin, Dyad Flow showed greater leakage than other groups.
Conclusion Newly introduced flowable composite Dyad Flow showed inferior adhesive bond with enamel and dentin compared to total-etch and self-etch techniques.
Original article. The cost of individual health care in Serbia according to the international classification of diseases in the period 2010–2015
Authors: Gajić-Stevanović Milena , Simonović Periša , Banković-Lazarević Dušica , Stevanović Ivan , Stanković Lidija 
Published: April 2019

Summary
Introduction There is growing interest in the world for estimating the cost for the treatment of a disease. This value can be used to determine to which extent a particular disease or group of diseases burden society in terms of the global crisis (Segel 2006). In 2000, Organization for Economic Countries Development (OECD) established a System of Health Accounts (SHA), and provided methodological guide for calculating the cost of treating the disease.
The aim of this study was to determine the cost of individual health care in the Republic of Serbia according to the major International Classification of Diseases (ICD) for the period 2010-2015.
Material and Methods A retrospective and comparative analysis of health statistics from the database of the Institute of Public Health of Serbia (IPHS) and financial information provided by the National Health Insurance Fund (NHIF) in the period 2010-2015 was performed. Financial information and data on hospital services, outpatient, home health care, auxiliary health care services, drug consumption and consumer goods in healthcare were analyzed using SHA methodology.
Results showed that during observation period the maximum cost of individual health care in Serbia by main classification ICD was achieved in 2015 and it was 194,128,864,011 RSD (€1,580,853,941; $1,764,807,854) and the minimal cost was achieved in 2010, 151,333,139,835 RSD (€1,434,464,541; $1,908,843,843).
Conclusion The cost of individual health care in the Republic of Serbia in the period 2010-2015 increased by thirty percent. The highest amount was allocated to treat people with diseases of the circulatory system.
Relationship between Molar Incisor Hypomineralization and dental caries at eight-year-old children
Authors: Đurić Ljiljana Marković , Dolić Olivera , Obradović Marija , Tošić Mirjana , Ernaut Maja 
Published: April 2019

Summary
Introduction The aim of the present study was to determine the relationship between Molar Incisor Hypomineralization (MIH) and caries in school children from Banja Luka region, Republic of Srpska.
Materials and methods One calibrated dentist evaluated a sample of 529 schoolchildren, eight years old, according to the European Academy of Pediatric Dentistry (EAPD) criteria on MIH presence. Dental caries was assessed using the DMFT (Decayed, Missing, Filled Teeth) criteria.
Results DMFT/dmft was significantly higher in children with MIH than without MIH (p < 0.001). In the MIH group of children, high values of caries indices (%DMFT/%dmft and mean DMFT/dmft) were found.
Conclusion Significant association between MIH and dental caries in eight-year-olds was found.
The efficacy of XP-endo SHAPER (XPS) in cleaning the apical third of the root canal
Authors: Živković Slavoljub , Nešković Jelena , Jovanović-Medojević Milica , Popović-Bajić Marijana , Živković-Sandić Marija 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Introduction The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of new rotary NiTi instrument XP endo SHAPER (XPS) used with conventional irrigation protocol on the root canal cleaning in the apical area.
Material and methods The research was conducted in vitro on 40 extracted single-rooted teeth divided into the four groups. Instrumentation in the first group was performed using iRa Ce NiTi rotary instruments, in the second group the same instruments were used plus XP endo FINISHER (XPF) for smear layer removal. In the third group, canal instrumentation was done using new instrument XPS, and in the fourth XPS instruments plus XPF was used. During the instrumentation 2% NaOCl solution was used for rinsing canals. The SEM analysis of the cleaning quality in the apical third of the canal was performed on longitudinal root cross-sections and standardized microphotography with a 2000x magnification.
Results The thickest smear layer in the apical third was recorded in the first group (iRa Ce) NiTi instruments (2.12), and somewhat less in the group with the new XPS instrument (1.95). An identical and somewhat smaller amount of smear layer was registered in the second and fourth groups where XPF was used with the final irrigant (1.64) (p<0.001).
Conclusion The application of only one instrument (XPS) in the canal enabled efficient cleaning of a very complex apical third. Cleaning was more efficient when XPF was used with final irrigant after the canal instrumentation.
Analytical Models for 3-D Diffusion of Ions from Salt-Contaminated Aggregates
Authors: Thomas Robert J. , Sorensen Andrew D. , Maguire Marc 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
This article presents an analytical investigation of the mobility of salts from contaminated aggregates in concrete. Salt-contaminated aggregates may have varied effects on the mechanical properties and durability of concrete. These depend primarily on the mobility of salts within the concrete matrix. Existing diffusion-based models for the mobility of salts in concrete focus on their intrusion from external sources (e.g., chloride penetration from deicing salts and brines). Such problems are well described by the closed-form solution of Fick’s law for diffusion in one dimension from a continuous source. Salt-contaminated aggregates represent a case of diffusion from a finite internal source rather than intrusion from a continuous external source. When the source is internal—as in the case of salt-contaminated aggregates—diffusion occurs in three dimensions and the source is finite. The 1-D solution is ill conditioned to model this problem, so new diffusion models must be introduced. This article presents two models of varying complexity that are well conditioned to model diffusion of salts from contaminated aggregates. First, the problem is modeled using Fick’s law for the simplified case of 3-D diffusion from an instantaneous point source in an infinite medium. Contaminated aggregates are treated as infinitesimal slugs of diffusing material. The same problem is then modeled using Fick’s law for the more realistic case of 3-D diffusion from an instantaneous spherical source, where contaminated aggregates are treated as approximately spherical. The intent of this article is to present an academic discussion on how chloride ions might migrate within the concrete matrix if they are assumed to do so by diffusion alone.
Machismo y violencia contra la mujer
Authors: Oblitas Béjar Beatriz 
Published: April 2019

El estudio permite inferir que hay un doble discurso, el de la realidad y el del deseo. El de la realidad hace reconocimiento de lo que es ser hombre y ser mujer en el sistema patriarcal a partir de las pautas machistas que la sociedad asigna. Las mujeres se siguen ubicando en el terreno de lo privado/doméstico, responsables de brindar cariño y cuidado a los hijos. El discurso del deseo que pasa como real, lo que señala es lo ideal respecto a la relación hombremujer. Cuando las respuestas de este discurso se comparan con las otras, es cuando aparecen como una aspiración, es el caso de las opiniones referidas al trabajo de hombres en jardines de infancia, al llanto de los hombres, a la infidelidad, a la violencia entre pareja o cuando los hombres no se consideran machistas. La violencia contra la mujer está asociada estrechamente al sistema patriarcal o sistema machista, como se le llama coloquialmente. Este sistema justifica, reproduce y tolera una serie de imaginarios y prácticas entre hombres y mujeres, que partiendo de la desigualdad y discriminación de géneros, termina afectando la vida familiar.
Una nueva especie de Hexamermis Steiner, 1924 (Nematoda, Mermithidae) parásito de Epilachna paenulata (Germar, 1824) (Coleopera, Coccinellidae) en Argentina
Authors: Reboredo Guillermo R. , Camino Nora B. 
Published: April 2019

Se describe a Hexamermis bonaerensis sp. n. un parásito de Epilachna paenulata (Germar, 1824) (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae) en Argentina. Se caracteriza por tener los anfídios de tamaño mediano y de forma oval redondeada. La vagina es musculosa y ligeramente protuberante, con una rama descendente que forma un asa antes de unirse al útero. Presenta tres hileras de papilas genitales: la ventrolateral en una hilera con trece papilas; la hilera ventral con dos papilas preanales simples, tres pares y dos preanales únicas, y con cinco pares de papilas postanales.
Publicación registrada en Zoobank:LSIDurn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:9F5EA90D-381D-4FC8-8F0F-86B9E1D2F014
Acto nomenclatural:LSIDurn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:35252E81-2E50-4F12-94DF-FC3617971627
Algunos helmintos parásitos de la gaviota peruana (Larus belcheri)
Authors: Gomez-Puerta Luis A. , Naupay Asucena 
Published: April 2019

La información sobre helmintos parásitos de aves marinas es muy limitada en el Perú. En el presente trabajo, se identificaron helmintos colectados de la gaviota peruana (Larus belcheri) provenientes de algunas playas de Lima (Pucusana, Chorrillos, Ventanilla y Ancón) en Perú. Los helmintos fueron estudiados morfológicamente e identificados como Skrjabinoclava sp. (Nematoda), Contracaecum sp. (Nematoda), Maritrema sp. (Trematoda) y Profilicollis altmani (Acanthocephala). El presente trabajo corresponde a los primeros registros de estos parásitos en la gaviota peruana.
Television Goes Mobile: the Transformation of the Audio-Visual Media Market
Authors: Martišius Mantas 
Published: April 2019

[full article, abstract in English; abstract in Lithuanian]
The 21st century is often called the age of information, and the society of this age is often dubbed the society of information and news. Meanwhile, a rapid and efficient transmission of news and the prioritization of this process have become relevant at least already back in the 90s. Information volumes consumed by the society have been growing by the day. Progress in technologies and communication have eliminated time and space barriers. The aim of this article is to answer how and when linear television is going to move online and especially to mobile networks. This aim is broken down into the objective of analyzing issues pertaining to the definition of television, the overview of the impact of media convergence on television, the analysis of the issues related to the definition of television and internet television, and the analysis of prospects for linear versus internet television. The article may be relevant for media experts and analysts, media regulators, users, and the creators of internet television content.
Sınıf Öğretmeni Adaylarının Diksiyona İlişkin Görüşleri
Authors: GÜVEY AKTAY Emel 
Published: April 2019

Doğru ve güzel
konuşma becerisi, iletişimin temelini oluşturmaktadır. Küçük yaşlardan itibaren
ana dilini doğru ve güzel konuşabilme, aile yaşamının dışında okul ortamında
şekillenen ve öğretmenlerin rol model olduğu bir beceridir. Bu nedenle, sınıf
öğretmenlerinin ve sınıf öğretmeni adaylarının diksiyon konusunda özenli ve
yeterli olması gerekmektedir. Bu araştırmanın amacı; sınıf öğretmeni
adaylarının diksiyon konusundaki görüşlerini belirlemektir. Betimsel modelde
gerçekleştirilen araştırmada veriler açık uçlu sorulardan oluşan anket yoluyla
toplanmıştır. Araştırmaya 2015-2016 öğretim yılı bahar döneminde bir devlet
üniversitesinin Sınıf Öğretmenliği Programı 3. sınıfında öğrenim gören 55
öğretmen adayı katılmıştır. Araştırma verileri betimsel analiz yoluyla
çözümlenmiştir. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre öğretmen adaylarının, diksiyonun
öğretmenlik için önemli olduğu, kendilerini geliştirmeleri ve bu konuda bir
eğitim alınması gerektiği görüşünde oldukları ortaya çıkmıştır.
2015, 2017 ve 2018 Hayat Bilgisi Dersi Öğretim Programları
Authors: AKTAY Sayım , ÇETİN Halise Sibel 
Published: April 2019

Bu araştırmanın amacı 2015,
2017 ve 2018 Hayat Bilgisi dersi öğretim programlarını programın yapısı ve
ögeleri açısından incelemektir. Çalışma nitel araştırma türünde olup veriler
doküman analizi tekniği ile elde edilmiştir. Hayat Bilgisi dersi öğretim programları;
programın ögeleri, program yapısı, öğretim programının amaçları, beceriler,
değerler, ölçme ve değerlendirme, uygulamada dikkat edilecek hususlar, üniteler
açısından değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırmanın bulgularına göre her üç program
amaçlara, becerilere, değerlere ve ölçme ve değerlendirme anlayışına sahiptir.
Ayrıca her üç programda 6 ünite
yer almaktadır. 2017 ve 2018 programlarında yer alan üniteler aynı olup 2015
programı ile farklılık göstermektedir. 2015 programı sonrası
programda ders koduna da yer verilmiştir. Ancak programın amaçlarında ve yer
verilen değerlerde sadeleştirmeye gidildiği, becerilerin ise genel olarak aynı
kaldığı ortaya çıkmıştır
Analysis of alternative splicing events in the root tips and nodules of Pisum sativum L
Authors: Zorin Evgeny A. , Kulaeva Olga A. , Afonin Alexey M. , Zhukov Vladimir A. , Tikhonovich Igor A. 
Published: April 2019

Background. Legumes establish symbioses with nitrogen-fixing bacteria from the Rhizobium group. In exchange for nutrients, bacteria provide fixed nitrogen needed to support plant growth. At the moment, information about the involvement of alternative splicing (AS) in the establishment and maintenance this symbiotic relationships is almost absent, but, as it is a powerful mechanism for the regulation of proteome diversity of the cell, it therefore may participate in cellular response to microsymbionts.
Materials and methods. Alternative splicing was analyzed using the assembly of supertranscripts and alignment of the reads from nodules and root tips to this reference. Target genes expression levels was estimated in tips of non-inoculated roots, and in nodules (2, 4, and 6 weeks post inoculation) with use of RT-qPCR.
Results.In this study, the analysis of AS events in the nodules and root tips of the pea was carried out. The presence of isoforms of four pea genes (PsSIP1, PsIGN, PsWRKY40, PsPR-10) was confirmed and their expression level was estimated.
Conclusion. Pea nodules were shown to be more enriched with AS events compared to root tips. Among the functional groups of genes that demonstrate AS events, one of the most enriched functional groups is the pathogens stress response. Intron retention probably leads to degradation of the transcript via NMD-system or to change of the protein function, that modulates the activity of genes in nodules.