bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ОСОБИСТІСНО-ОРІЄНТОВАНИЙ ПІДХІД ЯК ОДИН ІЗ ОСНОВОПОЛОЖНИХ ДИДАКТИЧНИХ ПРИНЦИПІВ ВИКЛАДАННЯ ДИСЦИПЛІНИ “ХІРУРГІЯ” НА КАФЕДРІ ХІРУРГІЇ № 1 З УРОЛОГІЄЮ ТА МАЛОІНВАЗИВНОЮ ХІРУРГІЄЮ ІМЕНІ ПРОФ. Л. Я. КОВАЛЬЧУКА ТЕРНОПІЛЬСЬКОГО ДЕРЖАВНОГО МЕДИЧНОГО УНІВЕРСИТЕТУ ІМЕНІ І. Я. ГОРБАЧЕВСЬКОГО
Authors: Bedenyuk A. D. , Dobrorodniy V. B. , Bodnar T. V. , Bodnar P. J. , Shandruk T. V. 
Published: September 2018

Мета роботи – поділитися досвідом організації навчального процесу на кафедрі хірургії № 1 з урологією та малоінвазивною хірургією імені проф. Л. Я. Ковальчука Тернопільського державного медичного університету імені І. Я. Горбачевського на засадах особистісно-орієнтованого підходу.Основна частина. Особистісно-орієнтований підхід у педагогіці покликаний забезпечити максимально широкі можливості для всебічного розвитку особистості студента. Виходячи із вищенаведеного, сучасна вища освіта передбачає фундаментальну практично-професійну підготовку та всебічний розвиток цілісної, соціально адаптованої особистості.Дидактичні засади організації навчального процесу в нашому закладі визначають внутрішні університетські нормативні документи. Кафедрою хірургії № 1 з урологією та малоінвазивною хірургією імені проф. Л. Я. Ковальчука складено робочі програми на четвертий, п’ятий та шостий курси медичного університету, якими передбачено структурування предмета на практичну та теоретичну частини, розподіл годин на практичні заняття та самоопрацювання. Організація навчання за методикою “Єдиного дня” дозволяє приділити достатньо часу спілкуванню викладача з кожним студентом академічної групи, адже 6 годин виділені на проведення заняття з однією групою. Практична робота, проведена “біля ліжка хворого”, можливість с пілкування з пацієнтом, можливість брати участь у всіх етапах госпіталізації хворого та у всіх етапах його лікування, а також відвідування бібліотеки, комп’ютерного класу кафедри під час години самостійної роботи студентів, семінарське обговорення та контроль знань дають можливість повноцінно закріпити матеріал студенту й оцінити рівень його знань викладачем.Висновок. Дидактичні форми організації викладання дисципліни “Хірургія” кафедрою хірургії № 1 з урологією та малоінвазивною хірургією імені проф. Л. Я. Ковальчука Тернопільського державного медичного університету імені І. Я. Горбачевського відповідають принципу особистісно-орієнтованого підходу у вищій медичній освіті та не тільки забезпечують формування професійних компетенцій, передбачених чинними галузевими стандартами, але й сприяють всебічному розвитку особистості майбутнього лікаря.
ЦИФРОВА НЕРІВНІСТЬ ВИКЛАДАЧІВ І СЛУХАЧІВ У ПІСЛЯДИПЛОМНІЙ ОСВІТІ
Authors: Klimenko Т. М. , Sandulyak Т. V. , Serdtseva О. А. 
Published: September 2018

Мета роботи – встановити причини недостатньої цифрової компетентності викладача та цифрової нерівності викладачів, слухачів і користувачів m-Health і е-Health послуг як проблеми переходу ВНЗ на дистанційну освіту та ширшого впровадження в електронну освіту і медицину сучасних цифрових технологій.Основна частина. Розглядається суть і зміст нових компетенцій викладачів і слухачів із цифрових технологій у Рамці цифрової компетентності 2018 року та пов’язаних з нею інструментів, схвалених Європейським парламентом та Радою ЄС 17 січня 2018 року в оновленій редакції ключових компетентностей для навчання спеціалістів упродовж життя. Проаналізовано причини цифрової нерівності викладачів і слухачів курсів післядипломної освіти та користувачів систем електронної освіти та медицини, зроблено висновки щодо подолання цифрової нерівності викладачів, слухачів і користувачів цифрових технологій.Висновки. Побудова ефективної електронної освіти та електронної охорони здоров’я неможлива без подолання цифрової нерівності слухачів і викладачів, лікарів і пацієнтів та користувачів m-Health і е-Health. Для подолання нерівності і набуття цифрової компетентності потрібно об’єднати зусилля навчальних закладів, громад та держави у створенні відповідних інституцій та фінансованих програм ліквідації цифрової некомпетентності викладачів, лікарів, вчителів і окремих груп населення старшого віку. Набуття цифрової компетентності викладачами та слухачами суттєво покращить якість і доступність освітніх послуг і результати управління якістю навчального процесу на основі міжнародних стандартів.
Astrocyte-Derived Exosomes Treated With a Semaphorin 3A Inhibitor Enhance Stroke Recovery via Prostaglandin D
2
Synthase
Authors: Hira Kenichiro , Ueno Yuji , Tanaka Ryota , Miyamoto Nobukazu , Yamashiro Kazuo , Inaba Toshiki , Urabe Takao , Okano Hideyuki , Hattori Nobutaka 
Published: September 2018

Background and Purpose—
Exosomes play a pivotal role in neurogenesis. In the peri-infarct area after stroke, axons begin to regenerate but are inhibited by astrocyte scar formation. The direct effect and underlying molecular mechanisms of astrocyte-derived exosomes on axonal outgrowth after ischemia are not known.

Methods—
Using a semaphorin 3A (Sema3A) inhibitor, we explored neuronal signaling during axonal outgrowth after ischemia in rats subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion and in cultured cortical neurons challenged with oxygen-glucose deprivation. Furthermore, we assessed whether this inhibitor suppressed astrocyte activation and regulated astrocyte-derived exosomes to enhance axonal outgrowth after ischemia.

Results—

In rats subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion, we administered a Sema3A inhibitor into the peri-infarct area from 7 to 21 days after occlusion. We found that phosphorylated high-molecular weight neurofilament-immunoreactive axons were increased, glial fibrillary acidic protein–immunoreactive astrocytes were decreased, and functional recovery was promoted at 28 days after middle cerebral artery occlusion. In cultured neurons, the Sema3A inhibitor decreased Rho family GTPase 1, increased R-Ras, which phosphorylates Akt and glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3β), selectively increased phosphorylated GSK-3β in axons, and thereby enhanced phosphorylated high-molecular weight neurofilament-immunoreactive axons after oxygen-glucose deprivation. In cultured astrocytes, the Sema3A inhibitor suppressed activation of astrocytes induced by oxygen-glucose deprivation. Exosomes secreted from ischemic astrocytes treated with the Sema3A inhibitor further promoted axonal elongation and increased prostaglandin D
2
synthase expression on microarray analysis. GSK-3β
+
and prostaglandin D
2
synthase
+
neurons were robustly increased after treatment with the Sema3A inhibitor in the peri-infarct area.

Conclusions—

Neuronal Rho family GTPase 1/R-Ras/Akt/GSK-3β signaling, axonal GSK-3β expression, and astrocyte-derived exosomes with prostaglandin D
2
synthase expression contribute to axonal outgrowth and functional recovery after stroke.
Postacute Delivery of GABA
A
α5 Antagonist Promotes Postischemic Neurological Recovery and Peri-infarct Brain Remodeling
Authors: Wang Ya-chao , Dzyubenko Egor , Sanchez-Mendoza Eduardo H. , Sardari Maryam , Silva de Carvalho Tayana , Doeppner Thorsten R. , Kaltwasser Britta , Machado Patricia , Kleinschnitz Christoph , Bassetti Claudio L. , Hermann Dirk M. 
Published: September 2018

Background and Purpose—

Poststroke, neuronal excitability is tonically reduced in peri-infarct tissue via inhibitory influences of extrasynaptic GABA
A
receptors. We hypothesized that GABA
A
α5 blockade by the competitive antagonist S44819 enhances postischemic neurological recovery, brain remodeling, and neuroplasticity.

Methods—
In an explorative study followed by a confirmation study, male C57Bl6/j mice were exposed to transient intraluminal middle cerebral artery occlusion. Starting 72 hours poststroke, vehicle or S44819 (3 or 10 mg/kg, BID) was delivered orally for 28 days. Neurological recovery, perilesional tissue remodeling, and contralesional pyramidal tract plasticity were evaluated for 42 days, that is, 14 days after completion of S44819 delivery.

Results—
S44819, delivered at 10 but not 3 mg/kg, persistently improved motor coordination and spatial memory in both studies. Striatal atrophy was reduced by 10 mg/kg S44819 at 42 days post-treatment onset, and neuronal long-term survival in the peri-infarct striatum was increased. Delayed neuroprotection was associated with reduced peri-infarct astrogliosis, increased peri-infarct brain capillary density, and increased neural precursor cell proliferation and differentiation in proximity to the ipsilesional subventricular zone. Contralesional pyramidal tract plasticity, evaluated by anterograde tract tracing at the level of the red nucleus, was not influenced by S44819. Concentrations of neurotrophic (brain-derived neurotrophic factor and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor) and angiogenic (vascular endothelial growth factor and basic fibroblast growth factor) growth factors were elevated by 10 mg/kg S44819 in peri-infarct but not contralesional brain tissue.

Conclusions—
Our data demonstrate that S44819 enhances neurological recovery and peri-infarct brain remodeling in the postacute stroke phase.
Clinicopathological Insights From Vessel Wall Imaging of Unruptured Intracranial Aneurysms
Authors: Shimonaga Koji , Matsushige Toshinori , Ishii Daizo , Sakamoto Shigeyuki , Hosogai Masahiro , Kawasumi Tomohiro , Kaneko Mayumi , Ono Chiaki , Kurisu Kaoru 
Published: September 2018

Background and Purpose—
The clinical significance of vessel wall imaging (VWI) remains unclear in patients with unruptured intracranial aneurysms. This study was performed to investigate the correlations between aneurysm wall imaging findings and histopathologic aneurysm wall architectures.

Methods—
A total of 9 aneurysms was evaluated by VWI and subsequently characterized with histopathology. We used VWI to visualize the aneurysm wall and determine if there was aneurysm wall enhancement after gadolinium contrast administration.

Results—
Aneurysm wall structures were identified in 6 of 9 unruptured intracranial aneurysms by native VWI, and wall enhancement was identified in 5 of these 6 aneurysms. Histopathologic studies revealed that wall thickening accompanied by atherosclerosis, neovascularization, and macrophage infiltration corresponded to visualization of the aneurysm wall by native VWI and to aneurysm wall enhancement.

Conclusions—
VWI can visualize thickening of the aneurysm wall, and wall enhancement corresponded to histologically confirmed degenerative changes accompanied by neovascularization and prominent macrophage infiltration.
Within-ring variability of wood structure and its relationship to drought sensitivity in Norway spruce trunks
Authors: Luss Saskia , Lundqvist Sven-Olof , Evans Robert , Grahn Thomas , Olsson Lars , Petit Giai , Rosner Sabine 
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACTRelationships between hydraulic vulnerability expressed asP50(the air pressure causing 50% loss of hydraulic conductivity) and within-ring differences in wood density (WD) and anatomical features were investigated with the aim to find efficient proxies forP50relating to functional aspects. WD and tracheid dimensions were measured with SilviScan on Norway spruce (Picea abies(L.) Karst.) trunk wood.P50was strongly related to mean WD (r= -0.64) and conduit wall reinforcement ((t/b)2), the square of the ratio between the tracheid double wall thickness (t) and the lumen width (b), where use of tangential lumen width ((t/bt)2) gave better results (r= -0.54) than radial lumen width (r= -0.31). The correlations ofP50with earlywood (EW), transition wood (TW) and latewood (LW) traits were lower than with the specimen averages, both for WD (r= -0.60 for WDEW,r= -0.56 for WDTW,r= -0.23 for WDLW) and all anatomical traits. The loss of hydraulic conductivity was addressed as a dynamic process and was simulated by defining consecutive phases of 5% theoretical conductivity loss. WD and tracheid traits were calculated and correlated withP50values of each specimen. Tightest correlations were found for (t/bt)2, at relative cumulated theoretical conductivities until 45 to 50% (r= -0.75).We conclude that WD is one of the best available proxies forP50, but does not necessarily reflect the mechanism behind resistance to cavitation. The new trait, based on estimation of conductivity loss as a dynamic process, provided even stronger correlations.
Ecstatic Time: Japanese Rites and Prayers
Authors: Tosolini Tiziano 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
To reflect on the concept of festival or simply on the duration of a ritual or a celebration inevitably leads one to consider the role of time not only for the festival itself, but also in relation to the distinction between the time of the celebration and the regular flow of ordinary time. The essay analyses this temporal arrhythmia whereby time quivers and is shaken out of its anonymous flow through the works of renowned authors as Mircea Eliade, Arnold van Gennep and Victor Turner, as well as by considering particular instances in Japanese cultural practices such as rites, celebrations and festivals.
Is the Dialogue of Cultures a Contemporary Myth?
Authors: Cheng Anne 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
“Intercultural dialogue,” notably between China and the West, seems to have replaced the vogue of comparatism in academic guidelines, and warrants the best of intentions to leave Eurocentrism behind us. This paper, however, critically addresses a certain type of comparatism which still remains part of an Orientalist perspective, since it often continues to treat China as the radical “Other” with which to be compared, so as to make it respond to totally irrelevant questionings. This is a way of stubbornly maintaining the idea of otherness, which freezes oppositions outside of time and space and does not allow one to detect the plurality and diversity of real differences. An unfortunate consequence of this is the constant risk of falling into some type of essentialism, and to end up, albeit non-intentionally, reinforcing diehard preconceived ideas. It is therefore high time that we should try and reach beyond our deeply ingrained Orientalistic frame of mind.
Two Readings of Kant’s Enlightenment: Gendering Chatterjee’s Global Dialogue with Foucault
Authors: Mahadevan Kanchana 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Partha Chatterjee initiates a global dialogue on modernity through his engagement with Michel Foucault. He does so through a reading of Kant’s What is Enlightenment?, which is avowedly influenced by Foucault to reveal many similarities. Foucault and Chatterjee are both apprehensive about Kant’s equation of Enlightenment with maturity. They argue against interpreting Kant as an advocate of unfettered free thought. Both suggest that Kant situates thought in its local historical context. Yet, like any other dialogue, Chatterjee’s conversation with Foucault is marked by differences. Foucault’s critique of Kant operates within the European context to explore the formation of the subject of desire. In contrast, Chatterjee targets colonialism and its vestiges in nationalist responses, for example in India, to European Enlightenment’s imposition on non-Western cultures. Foucault’s focus is on the subject of desire, while Chatterjee emphasizes the socio-political context of colonization, thus leading their dialogue to an impasse. This essay suggests that this impasse can be addressed by turning to women, from both England and India, who endeavored to simultaneously reinvent themselves and their communities in contexts of colonization.
Intralesional Bevacizumab for the Treatment of Recurrent Sinonasal Hemangioma
Authors: Kinzinger Michael R. , Strong E. Bradley , Bernard Joan , Steele Toby O. 
Published: September 2018

Introduction: Sinonasal hemangioma is a rare benign tumor of vascular endothelial cells. The pathogenesis is closely linked to abnormalities in the vascular endothelial growth factor signaling pathway. Multiple treatment modalities are available, though wide local excision remains the preferred treatment. Bevacizumab, an anti–vascular endothelial growth factor monoclonal antibody, has known efficacy against hemangiomas, though there are no cases of sinonasal hemangiomas managed with bevacizumab. Methods: Case report. Results: The authors review the case of a 67-year-old man with a left-sided nasal hemangioma originating from the nasal septum. He presented with progressive left nasal obstruction and recurrent epistaxis. At the time of his presentation, the lesion had recurred after 1 excision/polypectomy at an outside institution. He then underwent revision surgery via wide local excision and septoplasty. After tumor recurrence following the revision surgery, the hemangioma was noted to recur on 1 year postoperative surveillance nasal endoscopy. In-office intralesional injection of 50 mg bevacizumab was then performed under endoscopic visualization. No improvement in the tumor size was noted at 2 months after injection, with the tumor measuring 1.5 cm. At the 10-month surveillance clinical visit following injection, the tumor had dramatically involuted to 3 mm in greatest dimension. The patient reported complete resolution of his primary symptoms of epistaxis and nasal obstruction. Conclusions: This report demonstrates the first reported successful treatment of a sinonasal hemangioma with intralesional bevacizumab. Intralesional bevacizumab confers an additional option for adjuvant treatment of sinonasal hemangiomas. Further evaluation of intralesional bevacizumab in the treatment of these tumors is warranted.
Why is physical education more stimulating for pupils who are more satisfied with their own body?
Authors: Kerner Charlotte , Kirk David , De Meester An , Haerens Leen 
Published: September 2018

Objective: This study explored whether pupils’ state body satisfaction during physical education related to the degree to which they indicated that physical education stimulated them to engage in sports activities outside of school. It also investigated whether pupils’ self-determined motivation mediated this relationship, such that pupils with higher body satisfaction were more likely to value and enjoy the lessons, and to indicate they would re-engage in the activities outside of physical education. Methods: The study involved 506 13–14-year-old pupils (51.19% girls) in England, who completed validated questionnaires to measure perceived body satisfaction, motivation for physical education and the perceived sport promoting role of physical education. Results: Results showed that body satisfaction positively related to the perceived sport promoting role of physical education in girls. The relationship between state body satisfaction during physical education and the perceived sport promoting role of physical education was partially mediated by pupils’ self-determined motivation. Conclusion: Pupils who felt more comfortable and satisfied with their physical appearance seemed to value and enjoy physical lessons more, and this more positive experience stimulated them to re-engage in the activities outside school.
Addition of blood flow restriction to passive mobilization reduces the rate of muscle wasting in elderly patients in the intensive care unit: a within-patient randomized trial
Authors: Barbalho Matheus , Rocha Angel Caroline , Seus Thamires Lorenzet , Raiol Rodolfo , Del Vecchio Fabrício Boscolo , Coswig Victor Silveira 
Published: September 2018

Objective: To evaluate the addition of blood flow restriction to passive mobilization in patients in the intensive care unit. Design: The study was a within-patient randomized trial. Setting: Two intensive care units in Belém, from September to October 2017. Subjects: In total, 34 coma patients admitted to the intensive care unit sector, and 20 patients fulfilled the study requirements. Interventions: All participants received the passive mobilization protocol for lower limbs, and blood flow restriction was added only for one side in a concurrent fashion. Intervention lasted the entire patient’s hospitalization time. Main outcome measurement: Thigh muscle thickness and circumference. Results: In total, 34 subjects were enrolled in the study: 11 were excluded for exclusion criteria, 3 for death, and 20 completed the intervention (17 men and 3 women; mean age: 66 ± 4.3 years). Despite both groups presented atrophy, the atrophy rate was lower in blood flow restriction limb in relation to the control limb (–2.1 vs. –2.8 mm, respectively, in muscle thickness; P = 0.001). In addition, the blood flow restriction limb also had a smaller reduction in the thigh circumference than the control limb (–2.5 vs. –3.6 cm, respectively; P = 0.001). Conclusion: The use of blood flow restriction did not present adverse effects and seems to be a valid strategy to reduce the magnitude of the rate of muscle wasting that occurs in intensive care unit patients.
Explaining Privatization Failure: The Vice of Sweet Carrots and Hard Sticks
Authors: Zullo Roland 
Published: September 2018

Why does contracting underperform in the production of publicly financed goods? Producers for private markets survive through marketism, defined as the strategic exclusion of segments of a community, whereas producers of publicly financed goods are pressured to be inclusive. Inclusivity is achieved through universalism, an operational mode with three requisites: (1) a workforce with lateral competency to respond to contingencies, (2) interfunction asset sharing and coordination, and (3) an environment that protects professional discretion. Universalism and marketism are divergent strategies, and public-private contracts cannot cost-effectively resolve their incongruities. JEL Classification: L330, H410, P260
Diagnostic value of Tei index for acute myocardial infarction in patients presenting to emergency department with ischemic chest pain and correlation with Hs-troponin
Authors: Ucar Aslı Bahar , Unal Akoglu Ebru , Cimilli Ozturk Tuba , Eyinc Yalman , Ak Rohat , Demir Hasan , Ilgezdi Zeynep Demet , Onur Ozge 
Published: September 2018

Background: Acute myocardial infarction is one of the most common causes of mortality in developed countries, and high-sensitive troponin test usually becomes positive within 3 h from the onset of symptoms. Myocardial perfusion index (Tei index) is a parameter measured during the echocardiographic examination. Objectives: The aim of this study is to investigate the diagnostic value of the Tei index for early diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction in the emergency department and to evaluate the correlation between the Tei index and Hs-Troponin value. Materials and Methods: A total of 129 cases were evaluated, and patients were divided into two groups according to their final diagnosis as “acute myocardial infarction (non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction)” and “non-acute myocardial infarction” groups. Baseline and third-hour Hs-Troponin levels and Tei index values were determined, and their correlation was analyzed. Results: A total of 84 cases were diagnosed with acute myocardial infarction (non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction), 84.5% had positive Tei index results at the time of admission while the remaining 45 patients were diagnosed as non-acute myocardial infarction and only 48.9% of them had positive Tei index. The diagnostic value of the Tei index and Hs-troponin were calculated as 79.8% and 60%; 67.9% and 60%, respectively. Also, we found that a 0.02 or more increase in the Tei index value has a 97.6 sensitivity and 97.5 specificity for the diagnosis of non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction. A weak correlation was found between the Tei index and Hs-Troponin values in the acute myocardial infarction group (r = 0.425) and a negative correlation in non-acute myocardial infarction patients at presentation. Conclusion: It is suggested that the use of Tei index might be used as a supportive measure for the early diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction, and the deterioration of Tei index seems to be more significant than Hs-Troponin especially in ruling out acute myocardial infarction.