bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Flash Flood Early Warning System for Rural Kenya: A Pilot Study
Authors: Ir Vinesh Thiruchelvam Prof. Dr. , Stella Nyambura Mbau 
Published: July 2019

The cost of climate change has increased phenomenally in recent years. Therefore, understanding climate change and its impacts, that are likely to get worse and worse into the future, gives us the ability to predict scenarios and plan for them. Flash floods, which are a common result of climate change, follow increased precipitation which then increases risk and associated vulnerability due to the unpredictable rainfall patterns. Developing countries suffer grave consequences in the event that weather disasters strike because they have the least adaptive capacity. At the equator where the hot days are hotter and winds carrying rainfall move faster, Kenyaâ€™s Tana River County is noted for its vulnerability towards flash floods. Additionally, this county and others that are classified as rural areas in Kenya do not receive short term early warnings for floods. This county was therefore selected as the study area for its vulnerability. The aim of the study is therefore to propose a flash flood early warning system framework that delivers short term early warnings. Using questionnaires, information about the existing warning system will be collected and analyzed using SPSS. The results will be used to interpret the relationships between variables of the study, with a particular interest in the moderation effect in order to confirm that the existing system can be modified; that is, if the moderation effect is confirmed. Â Â Â Â Â Â
Construction of Attitude Towards Punctuality Scale for University Students and Relationships to CSE and FTP
Authors: Bhanthumnavina Duangduen , Bhanthumnavinb Duchduen , Sorodc Bung-On 
Published: July 2019

Time is essential in the modern industrial-technology society. In order to enhance time management skills in university students, Attitude toward punctuality Scale (ATP) was constructed. There were four studies with the total sample of 1,325 university students in Thailand. Eighty-three items were constructed, but only 36 items were selected by a group of experts. A six \unit rating scale accompanied each of the item, ranging from 1 “not true at all” to 6 “extremely true”. In study1 with 200 students, 31 out of 36 items met the criteria for item quality. Results from EFA in study 2 using new 500 students revealed a three-factor model (5 items for cognitive aspect, 4 items for behavioral intention aspect, and 3 items for affective aspect) with the total of 12 items and 59.303% of the total variance accounted for. In study 3 using another 300 students, this model was confirmed by CFA. In study 4 using 225 students, it was found that CSE and FTP were positively and significantly related to the newly constructed ATP (r = .357 and .256, respectively). Furthermore, ATP could predict punctual behavior beyond CSE and FTP for 26.500% with the total of 38.40%. The importance of ATP was discussed. Future experimental studies, as well as, possible intervention programs are suggested.
Academic Inculcating Behavior Scale and Validation using CSE and PsyCap in Diverse Faculty Members
Authors: Bhanthumnavin Duchduen 
Published: July 2019

Academic Inculcating Behavior Scale (AIB) for faculty members in university was constructed for assessing and developing university lecturers’ quality. There were four studies with the total sample of 828 university faculty members in Thailand. Ninety items were assembled, but only 31 items were selected by a group of educational-behavioral science experts. In study1 with 100 respondents, 25 out of 31 items met the criteria for item quality. Results from EFA in study 2 using 300 new respondents revealed a three-factor model (4 items for giving positive reinforcement, 3 items for giving social support, and 4 items for modeling and preventive action) with the total of 11 items and with 59.131% of the total variance accounted for. This model was confirmed by CFA with another 300 respondents in study 3. In study 4, using 128 respondents, criterion-related validity of the AIB scale score was demonstrated by the predictive power of four independent variables by performing multiple regression analysis. Three independent variables which were positively related to AIB were CSE, PsyCap, and level of education of the respondents. Furthermore, it was found that faculty members with doctoral degree reported higher score of AIB than the ones with Master’s degree. The results showed that AIB measure has acceptable qualifications. However, more predictors of AIB should be investigated and confirmed by experimental studies. Consequently, the necessity to carry out intervention program for faculty members can be met with success. This will benefit the students, as well as ensuring that higher educational institutions can perform their expected functions.
The Effects of Interaction between Internal Auditor and Audit Committee on Fraud Detection in Malaysia
Authors: Lylia Hamdan Sunita , Jaffar Nahariah , Ab Razak Ruzanna 
Published: July 2019

This study aims to examine the effect of interaction between internal auditor and audit committee on fraud detection in Malaysia. Specific interaction is firstly; audit committee approving the appointment of chief audit executive, the evaluation of chief audit executive, the dismissal of chief audit executive, the internal audit budget and the internal audit plan or program. Secondly, audit committee’s involvement in reviewing internal auditor’s work specifically; providing input for the internal audit plan, reviewing the results of internal auditing related to financial reporting, reviewing the results of internal auditing related to internal control, reviewing the results of internal auditing related to compliance with laws and regulation, reviewing the internal audit involvement in management responses to internal audit suggestions, reviewing the difficulties or scope restrictions encountered by internal auditors and reviewing the coordination between internal auditors and external auditors. Survey questionnaires were mailed to internal auditors attached to 782 companies listed on Bursa Malaysia’s main market. The results of this study suggest that involvement of audit committee in approving chief audit executives’ matters is insignificant on internal auditors’ contribution to fraud detection. However, audit committee’s involvement in reviewing internal auditors’ work significantly influence the internal auditors’ contribution in fraud detection.
Digital Image Correlation (DIC) Technique for Fatigue Crack Growth Analysis Using âˆ†CTOD Criteria
Authors: B. Patil Akshay , P. Toppo Suraj , RKP Singh Dr. 
Published: July 2019

The present paper deals with an experimental determination of fatigue crack growth rate (FCGR) of microalloyed steel (38MnVS6) to study the crack propagation in forged automobile crankshafts. The criterion based on crack tip opening displacement range (âˆ†CTOD) is used to investigate the fatigue crack growth rate. In the current work use of 2D-digital image correlation (DIC) technique for the measurement of crack tip opening displacement (CTOD) and crack length (a) is proposed. Digital Image Correlation (DIC) is a full field displacement and strain measurement technique. It is easier to measure the crack tip opening displacement (CTOD) and crack length (a) with this technique than other. Fatigue crack growth curve based on crack tip opening displacement (CTOD) criteria is presented using DIC.Â Â
Using Waste from Food Cans as Electrode in Electrocoagulation for Wastewater Treatment
Authors: Soonsorn Chanchanok , Khuanmar Kulyakorn , Padungthon Surapol , Weerayutsil Panomchai 
Published: July 2019

Wastes from soda and milk cans which contain metals can be used as electrode in Electrocoagulation (EC) technique. The study used wastewater from dyeing and finishing process of textile factory. Both the electrodes made from soda cans and milk cans were compared to the conventional electrodes made from aluminium sheet. Characterization of aluminium (Al) element in electrode showed 67.28% in aluminium sheets, 4.99% in soda cans, and 0% in milk cans. Nevertheless, only milk cans contain iron (Fe) and tin (Sn) at 45.87% and 23.87%, respectively. Based on treatment efficiency in COD removal from the real wastewater, it turned out that the highest efficiency was from aluminium sheets, at 83.57%, whereas soda-can electrodes and milk-can electrodes were 80.71% and 71.14%, respectively. This could result from the fact that soda-can electrodes contain high percentage of aluminium while milk-can electrodes have no aluminium, leading to its low efficiency. Although Fe in milk can function as electrodes, the efficiency cannot be compared to electrodes made from soda cans. Therefore, soda cans make an efficient material for electrodes because of its high percentage of aluminium. Analysis of SEM images demonstrated compactly agglomerated sludge from aluminium electrodes and soda-can electrodes. The image from testing milk can material demonstrated in contrast loosely agglomerated sludge. It can be concluded that the use of electrodes containing aluminium produces relatively more effective sedimentation. Â Â Â Â Â Â
Methane Production in Batch Anaerobic Digestion of Livestock Manures with Different Substrate Concentrations
Authors: Yodthongdee Supawadee , Weerayutsil Panomchai , Khuanmar Kulyakorn 
Published: July 2019

This research aimed to evaluate the biochemical methane potential (BMP) of three livestock manures including swine manure (SM), chicken manure (CM), and dairy manure (DM) under the same conditions in batch anaerobic digestion (AD) including inoculum to substrate ratio, temperature, digestion time, concentration of total solids in the system, and reactor size.Â The experiments were performed on individual manure, 2-manure mixture, and 3-manure mixture.Â For the individual manure experiments, BMP of SM, CM, and DM were 326.97, 306.60, and 105.30 mL/gVSadded; and volatile solids (VS) removal values were 66.31, 62.47, and 52.02%, respectively. In the 2-manure mixture; SM: DM, SM: CM, and CM: DM ratios of 90:10%TS, the BMP were 278.15, 264.47, and 252.80 mL/gVSadded, respectively. In the 3-manure mixture, the maximum BMP was 200.82 mL/gVSadded under the SM: CM: DM combination of 74:20:6%TS. The conditions of the 3 experiments were similar: the total solids concentration at 20% of working volume and the temperature of 37Â°C. It could be concluded that each manure i.e., SM, CM, and DM could be used as raw material for methane production by anaerobic digestion. SM generated the highest BMP, followed by CM and DM, respectively.Â However, DM should not be used as raw material alone, except combining it with SM or CM for better methane production. Â Â Â Â
Simplified Computer Program for Ocean Wave Simulation
Authors: Idris Ahmad , Sati Hamonangan Harahap Indra , Osman Ahmed Ali Montasir 
Published: July 2019

Analysis and design of structures located offshore involves the simulation of the ocean wave process in order to select a design load. This is a rigorous process that involves the solution of difficult mathematical equations. This study presents an efficient computer program for the simulation of the wave. The program was designed in such a way that only the wave parameters for a given location are required as input. The program then simulate the wave using Karhunen-Loeve series representation in which the eigenfunctions of Prolate Spheroidal Wave Functions are developed and used. The use of the program was demonstrated by simulating an example wave. Â Â Â
Preliminary Study on Energy Consumption at UiTMCPP library using IES<VE> simulation
Authors: Hussin Norasikin , Baharum Faizal , Abd Razak Azli , Syihabuddin Suhaimi Muhammad 
Published: July 2019

The Universiti Teknologi MARA Cawangan Pulau Pinang (UiTMCPP) library building was consists of three-story including office, reading area, multi-media room, and meeting room. Based on the library record where the average number of students coming to the library is 257 students per day. In other words for an hour, only 17 students have come to the library. The occupantâ€™s claimed that they feel uncomfortable because of the cold temperature in the building. Currently, the air conditionerâ€™s setting temperature of the building is 17ÂºC and does not follow the requirement in the Malaysia Standard, MS1525. Therefore, the aim of this case study is to investigate the thermostat temperature in order to control the energy consumption and cost of saving in the library building. In this work, the set point was changed from 17ÂºC to 20ÂºC. This adjustment was referring to the MS1525. The IES<VE> software is used as the energy simulation tool to calculate and compare electricity cost and energy consumption. The finding from the simulation shows the annual energy consumption at 17Â°C and 20Â°C are 6.14Gwh per year and 5.03Gwh per year, respectively.Â Thus, the energy saving was increased by 1.11Gwh per year and cost of electricity was save by RM402 thousands per annum.Â Finally, it can be shown that the raising of the set point can minimize the energy consumption and electricity cost with 18% reduction per year.Â Â
Brain Image Segmentation with Gradient Information
Authors: Purwani Sri , Nahar Julita , Twining Carole 
Published: July 2019

Segmentation is the process of extracting structures within the images. The purpose is to simplify the representation of the image into something meaningful and easier to analyse.Â A magnetic resonance (MR) brain image can be represented as three main tissues, e.g. cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), grey matter and white matter. Although various segmentation methods have been developed, such images are generally segmented by modelling the intensity histogram by using a Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM). However, the standard use of 1D histogram sometimes fails to find the mean for Gaussians. We hence solved this by including gradient information in the 2D intensity and intensity gradient histogram. We applied our methods on real data of 2D MR brain images. We then compared the methods with the previous published method of Petrovic et al. on their dataset, as well as on our larger datasets extracted from the same database of 3D MR brain mages, where the ground-truth annotations are available. This shows that our method performs better than the previous method.Â Â
Aerodynamics and Modal Analysis for the Combined Vane type Vertical Axis Wind Turbine
Authors: H. Suffer Kadhim , Y. Kahtan Yassr , M. Razlan Zuradzman 
Published: July 2019

The present global energy economy suggests the use of renewable sources such as solar, wind, and biomass to produce the required power. The vertical axis wind turbine is one of wind power applications. Usually, when the vertical axis wind turbine blades are designed from the airfoil, the starting torque problem begins. The main objective of this research is to numerically simulate the combination of movable vanes of a flat plate with the airfoil in a single blade configuration to solve the starting torque problem. CFD analysis in ANSYS-FLUENT and structural analysis in ANSYS of combined blade vertical axis wind turbine rotor has been undertaken. The first simulation is carried out to investigations the aerodynamic characteristic of the turbine by using the finite volume method. While the second simulation is carried out with finite element method for the modal analysis to find the natural frequencies and the mode shape in order to avoid extreme vibration and turbine failure, the natural frequencies, and their corresponding mode shapes are studied and the results were presented with damping and without damping for four selected cases. The predicted results show that the static pressure drop across the blade increase in the active blade side because of the vanes are fully closed and decrease in the negative side because of the all the vanes are fully open. The combined blade helps to increase turbine rotation and so, thus, the power of the turbine increases. While the modal results show that until the 5th natural frequency the effect of damping can be neglected. The predicted results show agreement with those reported in the literature for VAWT with different blade designs.Â Â Â
A Study on Optical Camera Communication using Gaussian Window
Authors: Young Park Chi , Young Shin Soo 
Published: July 2019

Optical Camera Communication (OCC) is a Visible Light Communication (VLC) technique using a camera mounted on a digital device as a receiver. Nowadays, most digital devices are equipped with cameras using CMOS Image Sensors (CIS). In this paper, OCC is designed by using Rolling Shutter (RS), which is image output method of CIS. The transmitted data is captured using a camera application built in smartphone, and processed by MATLAB to restore the data. In this paper, we reduce the error rate by performing signal processing using Gaussian Window (GW) on the receiver side without using high-performance camera or directly controlling camera. In addition, we presented the avaliable range of transmission speed of OCC for indoor wireless communication and compared it with throughput in receiver side.Â Â
Pore types in the Blue Nile shale from the Blue Nile Basin using FE-SEM Method: Contribution to understanding gas storage
Authors: Adam Shoieb Monera , Weng Sum Chow , Suhaili Ismail Mohd , Tsegab Haylay , Saleem Tasneem 
Published: July 2019

Successful exploration and development of shale gas reservoirs have enabled the United States to ensure a predominantly domestic supply of gas for many years. Pore structures can significantly impact the mechanical and physical properties of the rock such as permeability, strength and durability. Understanding the microstructures of the rocks accurately and quantitatively is essential to petroleum engineering for evaluating and development of oil and gas, especially for the unconventional reserves with abundant interior nanoscale pores such as shale. The pore structure and morphology of twelve shale samples from the Blue Nile Formation in the Blue Nile Basin were carried out by apply-ing Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). FESEM is a widely used technique to examine pore structures in shale reser-voirs. The results of FESEM show that the Blue Nile shale samples have nanoscale pores which can be classified into four types: inter-particle pores, organic pores, intra-particle pores and micro-fractures. The common types are inter-particle pores between the clay particles and organic nano-pores. These pores are all large enough to store gas molecules.Â Â Â
Variation of Particulate Matter (PM10) in a Semi-urban Area during 2015 Malaysia Haze
Authors: Bahiyah Abd Wahid Nurul , Abdul Razak Helmiah , Adawiyah Amzah Rabieatul 
Published: July 2019

Particulate matter (PM10) is one of the most dangerous air pollutants released during haze phenomena which can disrupt lung function, circulatory system and reduce visibility. The aims of this study were to determine the trend of PM10 in Tanjung Malim, Perak during 2015 haze episode. The four months trend of PM10 was analyzed, along with daily trend for the highest concentration of PM10 recorded during the haze episode. In addition, the correlation between PM10 and meteorological parameters, such as wind speed, temperature, and humidity were also analyzed. Result indicated that, PM10 level during September and October 2015, have mostly exceeded the Recommended Malaysian Air Quality Guidelines (RMAQG) by Malaysian Government (150 Î¼g/m3). From the 72h backward trajectories, it can be stated that most of the pollutants came from biomass burning in neighbouring country, during the southwest monsoon. Changes in PM10 concentration were possibly influenced by meteorological factors which play an important role in haze episode.Â Â Â
Survey on data mining approach for analysis and prediction of student performance
Authors: Simon Chala , Bugusa Ybralem 
Published: July 2019

The quality of education is measured by the academic performance of students and the results they produce. Since the student academic performance is the made up of the environmental, psychological, socio-economic and other factors, it is challenging to measure the aca- demic performance of students. Such difficulties can be reduced by investigation of various factors that influence the student perfor- mance. Many researchers have been used different approaches to identifying the variables that help to predict studentsâ€™ performance. This survey paper examines various data mining methodologies that have been used to analyze and predict studentsâ€™ performance.Â Â Â
Smart E bicycle: an efficient and effective way to greener future
Authors: Singh Harvinder , . Pinky 
Published: July 2019

This paper presents and proposes a smart electric bicycle(SeB) leveraging the power of wireless technologies, artificial intelli- gence and cloud computing in order make its userâ€™s experience smooth, safe and enjoyable hence encouraging the user to choose SeB over other modes of transportation. The proposed system introduces an Electric Bicycle connected with a smartphone in one variant or with â€œsmartphone and cloudâ€ in another variant for smart decision-making and efficiency and other related tips for the user. The range of bicycle is predicted based upon the user profile (weight, age etc.), route details (inclinations, distances of al- ternative routes), State of Charge(Soc) and State of Health(SoH) of the battery used. Multiple user profiles and minute details of the route (slope, speed breakers etc.) are captured using sensor like accelerometer and basis on these data smart decisions for pow- er saving and range extensions are made. Also, safety critical and predictive maintenance features are presented.Â Â
The importance of big data technology
Authors: Fadiya Samson , Sari Arif 
Published: July 2019

The adoption of Web 2.0 technologies, Internet of Things, etc. by individuals and organization has led to an explosion of data. As it stands, existing Relational Database Management Systems (RDBMSs) are incapable of handling this deluge of data. The term Big Data was coined to represent these vast, fast and complex datasets that regular RDBMSs could not handle. Special tools or frameworks were developed to deal with processing, managing and storing this big data. These tools are capable of functioning in distributed industry- standard environments thereby maintaining efficiency and effectiveness at a business level. Apache Hadoop is an example of such a framework. This report discusses big data, it origins, opportunities and challenges that it presents, big data analytics and the application of big data using existing big data tools or frameworks. It also discusses Apache Hadoop as a big data framework and provides a basic overview of this technology from technological and business perspectives.Â Â
Configuration of the instrumental tools for generation of text representations of object of the curated database
Authors: Yu. Ismailova Larisa , V. Kosikov Sergey 
Published: July 2019

The paper considers the problem of configuring the instrumental tools (a workbench) for generating textual representations of objects in the curated database. A formal (formalized) representation of a fragment of a natural language sufficient to describe the content of data- base objects is proposed. Based on the matching of the expressive means of the proposed language, taking into account the general archi- tecture of the comprehensive information system, the configuration of support tools is proposed. The configuration provides support to the procedures for manipulating formal descriptions, including the ability to process both formal and textual representation of database objects. The approach has been tested in the field of support to the implementation of best available technologies.Â Â