bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analytical study of urinary tract infection in adolescent girls
Authors: Srivastava Shubha 
Published: March 2018

Background: Urinary tract infection is very common among females in all age groups. During adolescence, hormonal changes favour vaginal colonization by nephritogenic strains of bacteria, which can migrate to the periurethral area and cause urinary tract infection. It is associated with poor self esteem, impaired quality of life, social isolation, and depression. Many factors like low water intake, infrequent voiding and poor menstrual and sexual hygiene have been implicated in UTI during adolescence.Methods: Girls between 10 and 19 years of age who attended the gynaecology OPD with any urinary complaint such as burning, frequency, pain, blood in urine etc. were included in the study. A questionnaire to obtain demographic profile, symptoms and treatment history was used. Investigations included urine routine examination and culture. Ultrasound was reserved for cases of recurrent UTI.Results: A total of 25 adolescent girls participated in the study. The most common symptom was burning during micturition which was present in 60% girls. This was followed by frequency and pain during urination. Recurrent UTI was present in sexually active adolescents. Inadequate water intake, holding urine for long duration and poor menstrual and sexual hygiene were the important etiological factors.Conclusions: Urinary tract infection is a common problem of adolescence causing much discomfort and loss of school. Inadequate hydration, lack of clean toilets and poor menstrual and sexual hygiene predisposes a young girl to UTI. The need is to educate our girls regarding good hydration and hygiene. Schools and all public places should have basic and clean sanitation facilities.
Informática en Contabilidad a nivel secundario
Authors: Viana Alberto E. 
Published: March 2018

A través de años de docencia hemos notado una pérdida de actualidad en el "dictado" de las clases, fundamentalmente en aquellas asignaturas que son de aplicación práctica, tal como es el caso de Contabilidad. Por otro lado, los planes de estudio en el Segundo Ciclo de Secundaria tienen como único objetivo la preparación de los alumnos para su posterior ingreso al ciclo universitario. Debe pensarse que, en la realidad, en nuestros países, un adolescente que egresa del Segundo Ciclo Secundario debería tener un instrumental adecuado para poder ingresar al campo laboral, aún cuando su objetivo sea continuar un estudio universitario. Para que esto sea posible deberá introducirse un cambio en la metodología de enseñar. Toda la docencia se verá afectada por las nuevas tecnologías, pero su impacto será especialmente relevante en el caso de la Contabilidad, ya que las empresas empiezan a demandar que los técnicos contables estén capacitados a utilizar herramientas ligadas a la transferencia electrónica de información. Esto quiere decir que la informática y todo lo ligado a ella no solo constituye una valiosa herramienta docente, sino que deben ser materias de estudio para el contable.
A fogyasztók életútja a szlogenek világában
Authors: Szűcs Róbert Sándor 
Published: March 2018

Összességében megállapítható és kijelenthető, hogy a food termékek piacán a gyermekkorban kialakított szlogen- és márkaismertség az életkor előrehaladtával stagnál, nem változik jelentősen. A siker titka nem a fiatal- és felnőtt korúak meggyőzésében rejlik. A befolyásolást már a gyermekkorban meg kell tenni. Nem elkezdeni szükséges a befolyásolást, hanem a gyermekkor végeztével befejezni. A gyermekkorú személyből már fogyasztót kell nevelni a fiatalkorba történő belépése előtt, ha sikereket akarunk elérni az élelmiszerek piacán. Joggal merülnek fel etikai aggályok a kijelentés kapcsán, vagyis mennyire etikus a gyermekek befolyásolása. A kérdés örök érvényű és vitatott. Egy dolog bizonyos, ha sikert szeretnénk elérni, akkor azt a gyermekkorúak szegmensében kell elkezdeni és realizálni, ott kell pozícionálni a szlogenünket, mert az egy életen át kitart és tartósnak bizonyul. Etikai aggályok vannak és léteznek, de a tény az tény marad: a siker titka a gyermekkorúak megnyerése. Kutatásom bizonyítja, hogy a fiatalkorúak védelme majdhogynem felesleges a marketingingerekkel szemben. A 14. életév betöltésével már nem fiatalkorú személyről érdemes beszélni, hanem fiatal életkorú fogyasztóról, aki kiterjedt szlogen- és márkaismertséggel rendelkezik, aki a fogyasztói szocializációs folyamat útjának jelentős részét már megtette. A 14 éves fogyasztót már nem kell védeni, őt már elérte és befolyásolta a marketing gépezete. Ha védeni szeretnénk a fogyasztót a marketing gépezetével szemben, akkor a kulcs a nem a fiatalkorúak védelmében, hanem a gyermekek védelmében keresendő. A felelősség megítélésem szerint a szülői felelősségen túl komoly állami feladat, egyik félre sem hárítható kizárólagosan. Jelen tanulmány kizárólagosan néhány élelmiszeripari szlogent von be a vizsgálat tárgykörébe, más szektor szlogenjeit nem vizsgálja. Feltételezhető, hogy más szektorok esetében is jelentős a szlogen visszaidézési képesség, olyan szektorokban is, melyek nem kifejezetten gyermekkorúaknak szánt termékeket népszerűsítenek. Ez azonban további kutatások hiányában egyértelműen nem jelenthető ki.
JEL-kódok: M31, M37
The Impact of Tides on Microbial Water Quality at an Inland River Beach
Authors: Aslan Asli , Anderson Kendall W. , Chapman Asheley 
Published: March 2018

Most coastal freshwater ecosystems in the United States have semi‐tidal movements during the day. Routine monitoring of these environments is conducted once during the day when tides can be at either ebb or flood conditions, causing a variability in bacterial concentrations and misinterpretation of the illness risk associated with human activities. The occurrence and levels of enterococci (enterococci 23S rDNA [Ent23S]) and human‐ (HF183) and avian‐ (GFD) associated microbial source tracking (MST) markers were investigated using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) along with detection of culturable enterococci and environmental parameters. Samples were collected during flood and ebb tide conditions (May–September) from a tidal river used for recreational activities. Culturable enterococci [t(420) = 2.093, p = 0.040] and Ent23S [t(420) = 2.243, p = 0.028] controlled for tide type were significantly different; higher enterococci concentrations were detected during the flood tide. Among all samples, 6% were positive for HF183, and GFD was positively correlated with Ent23S (r = 0.92, p = 0.029) and conductivity (r = 0.93, p = 0.023) during flood tide. Unlike the general assumption that ebb tide flow in a river would likely carry runoff from the land, the microbial contaminants in this case were transported from upstream via ocean water to the river during the flood tide. These results suggest that hydrology and land use patterns must be considered in sampling design when conducting future microbial water quality monitoring programs to better characterize recreational water safety in tidal rivers.Core Ideas
Ocean water was carrying high enterococci into the river during flood tide.
Low concentrations of HF183 occurred in 6% of the samples only during flood tide.
Avian‐associated pollution was detected in 40% of the samples during both tides.
Comparison of Two Methods for Calculating the P Sorption Capacity Parameter in Soils
Authors: Bolster Carl H. , Vadas Peter A. 
Published: March 2018

Core Ideas
Two methods for calculating soil P sorption capacity parameter (PSP) were evaluated.
PSP values from the two methods were not well correlated with each other.
PSP values calculated by these two methods are likely not estimating the same soil property.
An assumption in the EPIC model that the ratio of stable to active P is 4 may not be valid.
Methods of PSP estimation need improvement, and existing P‐cycling models need further evaluation.
Phosphorus cycling in soils is an important process affecting P movement through the landscape. The P cycling routines in many computer models are based on relationships developed for the EPIC model. An important parameter required for this model is the P sorption capacity parameter (PSP). Using previously published data, we compare two methods for estimating PSP values: (i) measurement of changes in labile inorganic P (Pi) concentrations following 6‐mo soil incubation studies, and (ii) calculation of PSP from concentrations of total Pi and labile Pi estimated from commonly used soil test P extraction methods. Depending on how labile Pi was estimated, we either found a very poor correlation or large (>50%) median differences in PSP between these two methods suggesting they are not estimating the same soil parameter. We also found that PSP values calculated from soil incubation studies significantly underpredicted total Pi. It is not clear whether this underprediction is due to limitations in the experimental approach for measuring PSP using 6‐mo incubation studies, or whether it is a result of limitations with the model itself. Our results also challenge the validity of the assumption in EPIC that stable P is four‐fold the size of the active Pi pool. While calibrating PSP from measured soil P data is less costly and time consuming than long‐term soil incubation studies, we show that the fitted values are dependent on how labile Pi is estimated and thus are not representative of an independently measurable physically based parameter.
Current Understanding of Interactions between Nanoparticles and ABC Transporters in Cancer Cells
Authors: Yin Jian , Deng Xudong , Zhang Jie , Lin Jun 
Published: March 2018

Background:
ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters-mediated multidrug resistance (MDR)
remains the major obstacle for effective cancer therapy. Nanoparticles (NPs)-based delivery systems are
promising to overcome MDR, but only a few of them have been accepted for clinical treatment, which
should be due to their insufficient transportation and potential toxicity. In this respect, more and more
attentions are being attracted on the interactions between NPs and ABC transporters, which hold a key role
in the treatment of MDR cancer and the toxicity of NPs. However, there are no systematic reviews about
such interactions, especially about their corresponding mechanism.

Methods:
We undertook extensive search of PubMed databases for peer-reviewed literatures using focused
review questions. The retrieved papers were mostly published within the 5 years (84 of 104) and all
with an impact factor above 2. First, this review focused on the current knowledge of ABC transporters
involved in MDR and their inhibitors. Then, we reviewed the most recent literature about the inhibitory
effects of organic NPs’ excipients on ABC transporters and the direct interactions of inorganic NPs with
ABC transporters. The major elements of obtained papers were described and classified depending on the
structure of NPs.

Results:
Both organic and inorganic NPs can inhibit the function of ABC transporters, but based on different
mechanisms. The effects of organic NPs are caused by several excipients like surfactants, polymers,
lipids and cyclodextrin. Meanwhile, inorganic NPs usually act as the substrates of ABC transporters and
competitively inhibit the efflux of drugs. These phenomena are interesting and worth investigating.

Conclusion:
The finding of this review confirmed the potential interactions between NPs and ABC transporters.
These phenomena are interesting and worth investigating, and a knowledge of related mechanism
would not only be important for the clinical therapies toward overcoming cancer MDR, but also help the
treatment of other diseases like tuberculosis, AIDS, and central nervous system disorders, whose drugresistance
was also related to ABC transporter-mediated efflux.
DABCO Catalyzed Green and Efficient Synthesis of 2-Amino-4H-Pyrans and Their Biological Evaluation as Antimicrobial and Anticancer Agents
Authors: Waghmare Amit S. , Pandit Shivaji S. , Suryawanshi Dayanand M. 
Published: March 2018

Aim and Objective:
The present method is simple, green and highly efficient for the
synthesis of 2-amino-4H-pyran derivatives which are achieved by a one pot three component
cyclocondensation of aldehyde, malanonitrile and ethyl acetoacetate or methyl acetoacetate using
DABCO under solvent free with grinding conditions at room temperature.

Material and Methods:
Some of the synthesized compounds were screened for their antimicrobial
and antifungal activity. The study shows that these compounds show good antimicrobial activity.
Furthermore, eight of the synthesized compounds were selected for screening of their anticancer
activity against human astrocytoma-glioblastoma cell line (U373MG). Some of the compounds show
good anticancer activity.

Result:
Grinding synthesis of 2-amino-4H-pyran derivatives catalyzed by DABCO with various
aromatic aldehydes under solvent-free conditions at room temperature was examined. The obtained
compounds (22 entries) were well synthesized in good to excellent yields.

Conclusion:
The present method is simple, rapid, and most efficient green protocol for the synthesis
of 2-amino-4H-pyran derivatives using highly inexpensive and easily available DABCO as an
efficient catalyst under grinding and solvent free condition at room temperature.
Reduced Serotonin Transporter Levels and Inflammation in the Midbrain Raphe of 12 Month Old APPswe/PSEN1dE9 Mice
Authors: Metaxas Athanasios , Vaitheeswaran Ramanan , Jensen Katrine T. , Thygesen Camilla , Ilkjaer Laura , Darvesh Sultan , Finsen Bente 
Published: March 2018

Background:
Although mood and sleep disturbances are nearly universal among patients
with Alzheimer's disease (AD), brain structures involved in non-cognitive processing remain under
characterized in terms of AD pathology.

Objectives:
This study was designed to evaluate hallmarks of AD pathology in the brainstem of the
APPswe/PS1dE9 mouse model of familial AD.

Methods:
Fresh-frozen sections from female, 12 month old, transgenic and control B6C3 mice
(n=6/genotype) were examined for amyloid burden and neurofibrillary alterations, by using 6E10 immunohistochemistry
and the Gallyas silver stain, respectively. Serotonin transporter (SERT) densities in
the dorsal and the median raphe were quantified by [3H]DASB autoradiography. SERT mRNA expression
was measured by RT-PCR and visualized by in situ hybridization. Neuroinflammation was evaluated
by immunohistochemical staining for microglia and astrocytes, and by measuring mRNA levels of
the proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6.

Results:
No amyloid- and tau-associated lesions were observed in the midbrain raphe of 12 month old
APPswe/PS1dE9 mice. SERT binding levels were reduced in transgenic animals compared to age-matched
controls, and SERT mRNA levels were decreased by at least 50% from control values. Intense microglial,
but not astrocytic immunoreactivity was observed in APPswe/PS1dE9 vs. wild-type mice. Levels of
TNF-α mRNA were two-fold higher than control and correlated positively with SERT mRNA expression
levels in transgenic animals.

Conclusions:
There was no amyloid accumulation and tau-associated pathology in the midbrain raphe
of 12 month old APPswe/PS1dE9 mice. However, there was a local neuroinflammatory response with loss
of serotonergic markers, which may partially account for some of the behavioral symptoms of AD.
ISLAM AND RELIGIOUS EXPERIENCE IN THE POSTMODERN
Authors: Sidqi Ahmad 
Published: March 2018

The Islamic experience in the modern world reconstitutes the relation between human and God on the basis of the fundamental authority of the holy Quran. Mosque as a symbol, this monument to political power contains some of the most basic contradictions thats characterize Muslim societies in the modern world. A similar distinction applies to the to the morning officialy attributed to the mosque, it maybe “open”, “toleran”, “cosmopolitan”, and “modern” Muslim reformers, embattled governments against increasingly militant oppositional groups which have adopted Islam as an overarching instrument of discourse and struggle. Muslim reformers, activists, and militants nearly always say that theirs is a “movement”, a ‘current” which is still in the process of gestation and evolution. Emancipatory politics is concerned, above all, with themes of justice, equality, and participation, the very same themes that most Muslim reformers are in fact concerned with. Islamic experience involves a redefination of identity in a world which has become homogenized by the globalizing process of modernism The Islamic experience is therefore a call for an emancipatory politics which means justice where there is none, a more egalitarian distribution of wealth and a more democratic system of decision making.
THE EFFECT OF SOCIAL CAPITAL ON WELFARE IN INDONESIA
Authors: Jumirah Jumirah , Wahyuni Heni 
Published: March 2018

Studies into the impact of social capital on welfare are currently growing. However, studies for the case of the developing countries, including Indonesia, are still very rare. Therefore, this paper aims to analyze the impact of social capital on welfare in Indonesia. In this study, social capital is measured by three indicators, namely, trust, cooperativeness and the social network (a person’s participation in community activities).Welfare is measured by household expenditure for food and non-food items. The data are acquired from the Indonesian Family Life Surveys for the years 2007 (IFLS4) and 2014 (IFLS5). This research uses instrumental variables to address the endogeneity issue on social networking (participation in community activities), which is a potential two-way causal relationship. It means that individuals with higher welfare (income) have a higher possibility of participating in community activities, since their participation in community activities is a leisure activity and the utilization of leisure is higher for higher-income people.Using the Instrumental Variables (IV) method and marital status as an instrument, the study found that social capital has a significant impact on welfare. An increased participation in community activities will improve ones welfare by 11.7 percent. Moreover, an increase of cooperativeness by one percent, would increase the welfare by 0.2 percent. On the other hand, trust has a negative relationship with welfare. It means that an increase in trust among individuals by one percent will cause household expenditure on food and non-food items to drop by 0.3 percent.It may imply that higher trust will cause lower transaction costs, which will reduce the expense of individuals buying food and non-food items. Since the coefficient of IV is larger than the coefficient in the OLS estimation, it indicates the absence of reversed causality. The results of this study have an implication for policy decision making which suggests that the policy decision makers should consider the impact of social capital on welfare and support the increase of individuals’ participating in community activities.
Attributable Risk and Time Course of Colistin-Associated Acute Kidney Injury
Authors: Miano Todd A. , Lautenbach Ebbing , Wilson F. Perry , Guo Wensheng , Borovskiy Yuliya , Hennessy Sean 
Published: March 2018

Background and objectives
Despite colistin’s longstanding reported association with nephrotoxicity, the attributable risk and timing of toxicity onset are still unknown. Whether substantial toxicity occurs during the initial 72 hours of exposure has important implications for early treatment decisions. The objective of this study was to compare colistin-exposed patients with a matched control group given other broad spectrum antibiotics.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
We conducted a retrospective cohort study in patients treated for multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas, Klebsiella, or Acinetobacter spp. Colistin-exposed patients were matched to unexposed controls using propensity scores. AKI was defined according to the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes creatinine criteria. Incidence rate ratios and risk differences of AKI in the matched cohort were estimated with the generalized estimating equation Poisson regression model. Risk factors for AKI were tested for effect modification in the matched cohort.

Results
The study included 150 propensity-matched pairs with similar types of infection, similar delays to effective treatment, and similar baseline characteristics. Incidence of AKI was 77 of 150 (51%) in the colistin group versus 33 of 150 (22%) in matched controls (risk difference, 29%; 95% confidence interval, 19 to 39), corresponding to a number needed to harm of 3.5. Early toxicity was apparent, because AKI risk was higher in colistin-exposed patients at 72 hours of exposure (incidence rate ratio, 1.9; 95% confidence interval, 1.1 to 3.5). In both groups, hospital mortality in patients who experienced AKI was lower if kidney function returned to baseline during hospitalization. The effect of colistin exposure on AKI risk varied inversely according to baseline hemoglobin concentration.

Conclusions
Colistin is associated with substantial excess AKI that is apparent within the first 72 hours of treatment. Colistin’s toxicity varied according to baseline hemoglobin concentration.

Podcast
This article contains a podcast at https://www.asn-online.org/media/podcast/CJASN/2018_03_15_CJASNPodcast_18_4_M.mp3
POKRIVENE OBVEZNICE: NOVA ŠANSA ZA OPORAVAK TRŽIŠTA KAPITALA U SRBIJI
Authors: Mirković Vladimir , Lukić Jelena 
Published: March 2018

At the beginning of the XXI century, Serbia entered into transition process toward open market economy. One of the segments which should be developed in accordance with market economy principles was financial markets, more precisely capital market. Recovery of the Belgrade Stock Exchange and increasing trend in the first half of the XXI century gave optimism in prospective development of the Serbian capital market. Unfortunately, Serbian capital market did not make expected progress. In this paper, the situation on the Belgrade Stock Exchange is analyzed, trading with equity and debt instruments, emphasizing deficiencies which caused insufficient level of development of the Serbian capital market. As many opportunities for growth have been missed and capital markets are at the stagnant level for years, there are new, sophisticated products which could give an impulse to further development of financial markets. An example of such products is covered bonds, type of debt instruments with widespread use in the European Union. In this paper the main characteristics of those products are elaborated with experiences in other countries that could be very useful for Serbia.