bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lnc SMAD5-AS1 as ceRNA inhibit proliferation of diffuse large B cell lymphoma via Wnt/β-catenin pathway by sponging miR-135b-5p to elevate expression of APC
Authors: Zhao Chen-Chen , Jiao Yang , Zhang Yi-Yin , Ning Jie , Zhang Yi-Ruo , Xu Jing , Wei Wei , Kang-Sheng Gu 
Published: March 2019

AbstractDiffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a common and fatal hematological malignancy. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as crucial biomarkers and regulators in many cancers. Novel lncRNA biomarker in DLBCL needs to be investigated badly, as well as its function and molecular mechanism. To further explore, microarray analysis was performed to identify the differentially expressed lncRNAs in DLBCL tissues. To investigate the biological functions of SMAD5-AS1, we performed gain- and loss-of-function experiments in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, bioinformatics analysis, dual-luciferase reporter assays, Argonaute 2-RNA immunoprecipitation (AGO2-RIP), RNA pull-down assay, quantitative PCR arrays, western blot assay, TOPFlash/FOPFlash reporter assay, and rescue experiments were conducted to explore the underlying mechanisms of competitive endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs). We found that SMAD5-AS1 was down-regulated in DLBCL tissues and cell lines. Functionally, SMAD5-AS1 downregulation promoted cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo, whereas SMAD5-AS1 overexpression could lead to the opposite effects in vitro and in vivo. Bioinformatics analysis and luciferase assays revealed that miR-135b-5p was a direct target of SMAD5-AS1, which was validated by dual-luciferase reporter assays, AGO2-RIP, RNA pull-down assay, and rescue experiments. Also, dual-luciferase reporter assays and rescue experiments demonstrated that miR-135b-5p targeted the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene directly. SMAD5-AS1/miR-135b-5p inhibits the cell proliferation via inactivating the classic Wnt/β-catenin pathway in the form of APC dependency. Our results indicated that SMAD5-AS1 inhibits DLBCL proliferation by sponging miR-135b-5p to up-regulate APC expression and inactivate classic Wnt/β-catenin pathway, suggesting that SMAD5-AS1 may act as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for DLBCL.
Restoration of high-sensitivity and adapting vision with a cone opsin
Authors: Berry Michael H. , Holt Amy , Salari Autoosa , Veit Julia , Visel Meike , Levitz Joshua , Aghi Krisha , Gaub Benjamin M. , Sivyer Benjamin , Flannery John G. , Isacoff Ehud Y. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractInherited and age-related retinal degenerative diseases cause progressive loss of rod and cone photoreceptors, leading to blindness, but spare downstream retinal neurons, which can be targeted for optogenetic therapy. However, optogenetic approaches have been limited by either low light sensitivity or slow kinetics, and lack adaptation to changes in ambient light, and not been shown to restore object vision. We find that the vertebrate medium wavelength cone opsin (MW-opsin) overcomes these limitations and supports vision in dim light. MW-opsin enables an otherwise blind retinitis pigmenotosa mouse to discriminate temporal and spatial light patterns displayed on a standard LCD computer tablet, displays adaption to changes in ambient light, and restores open-field novel object exploration under incidental room light. By contrast, rhodopsin, which is similar in sensitivity but slower in light response and has greater rundown, fails these tests. Thus, MW-opsin provides the speed, sensitivity and adaptation needed to restore patterned vision.
Automating multimodal microscopy with NanoJ-Fluidics
Authors: Almada Pedro , Pereira Pedro M. , Culley Siân , Caillol Ghislaine , Boroni-Rueda Fanny , Dix Christina L. , Charras Guillaume , Baum Buzz , Laine Romain F. , Leterrier Christophe , Henriques Ricardo 
Published: March 2019

AbstractCombining and multiplexing microscopy approaches is crucial to understand cellular events, but requires elaborate workflows. Here, we present a robust, open-source approach for treating, labelling and imaging live or fixed cells in automated sequences. NanoJ-Fluidics is based on low-cost Lego hardware controlled by ImageJ-based software, making high-content, multimodal imaging easy to implement on any microscope with high reproducibility. We demonstrate its capacity on event-driven, super-resolved live-to-fixed and multiplexed STORM/DNA-PAINT experiments.
Life habits and evolutionary biology of new two-winged long-proboscid scorpionflies from mid-Cretaceous Myanmar amber
Authors: Lin Xiaodan , Labandeira Conrad C. , Shih Chungkun , Hotton Carol L. , Ren Dong 
Published: March 2019

AbstractLong-proboscid scorpionflies are enigmatic, mid-Mesozoic insects associated with gymnosperm pollination. One major lineage, Aneuretopsychina, consists of four families plus two haustellate clades, Diptera and Siphonaptera. One clade, Pseudopolycentropodidae, from mid-Cretaceous Myanmar amber, containsParapolycentropus. Here, we newly establishDualula, assigned to Dualulidae, constituting the fifth lineage.ParapolycentropusandDualulalineages are small, two-winged, with unique siphonate mouthparts for imbibing pollination drops. A cibarial pump provides siphonal food inflow; inDualula, the siphon base surrounds a hypopharynx housing a small, valved pump constricted to a narrow salivary duct supplying outgoing enzymes for food fluidization. Indirect evidence links long-proboscid mouthpart structure with contemporaneous tubulate ovulate organs. Direct evidence of gymnospermousCycadopitespollen is associated with oneParapolycentropusspecimen.ParapolycentropusandDualulaexhibit hind-wing reduction that would precede haltere formation, likely caused byUltrabithorax. Distinctive, male Aneuretopsychina genitalia are evident from specimens in copulo, supplemented by mixed-sex individuals of likely male mating swarms.
Interplay between intra- and inter-nanowires dynamic dipolar interactions in the spin wave band structure of Py/Cu/Py nanowires
Authors: Gubbiotti G. , Zhou X. , Haghshenasfard Z. , Cottam M. G. , Adeyeye A. O. , Kostylev M. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractWe have studied both experimentally and theoretically the reprogrammable spin wave band structure in Permalloy(10 nm)/Cu(5 nm)/Permalloy(30 nm) nanowire arrays of width w = 280 nm and inter-wire separation in the range from 80 to 280 nm. We found that, depending on the inter-wire separation, the anti-parallel configuration, where the magnetizations of the two Permalloy layers point in opposite directions, is stabilized over specific magnetic field ranges thus enabling us to directly compare the band structure with that of the parallel alignment. We show that collective spin waves of the Bloch type propagate through the arrays with different magnonic bandwidths as a consequence of the interplay between the intra- and inter-nanowire dynamic dipolar interactions. A detailed understanding, e.g. whether they have a stationary or propagating character, is achieved by considering the phase relation (in-phase or out-of-phase) between the dynamic magnetizations in the two ferromagnetic layers and their average value. This work opens the path to magnetic field-controlled reconfigurable layered magnonic crystals that can be used for future nanoscale magnon spintronic devices.
Fear conditioning and extinction induce opposing changes in dendritic spine remodeling and somatic activity of layer 5 pyramidal neurons in the mouse motor cortex
Authors: Xu Zhiwei , Adler Avital , Li Hong , Pérez-Cuesta Luis M. , Lai Baoling , Li Wei , Gan Wen-Biao 
Published: March 2019

AbstractMultiple brain regions including the amygdala and prefrontal cortex are crucial for modulating fear conditioning and extinction. The primary motor cortex is known to participate in the planning, control, and execution of voluntary movements. Whether and how the primary motor cortex is involved in modulating freezing responses related to fear conditioning and extinction remains unclear. Here we show that inactivation of the mouse primary motor cortex impairs both the acquisition and extinction of freezing responses induced by auditory-cued fear conditioning. Fear conditioning significantly increases the elimination of dendritic spines on apical dendrites of layer 5 pyramidal neurons in the motor cortex. These eliminated spines are further apart from each other than expected from random distribution along dendrites. On the other hand, fear extinction causes the formation of new spines that are located near the site of spines eliminated previously after fear conditioning. We further show that fear conditioning decreases and fear extinction increases somatic activities of layer 5 pyramidal neurons in the motor cortex respectively. Taken together, these findings indicate fear conditioning and extinction induce opposing changes in synaptic connections and somatic activities of layer 5 pyramidal neurons in the primary motor cortex, a cortical region important for the acquisition and extinction of auditory-cued conditioned freezing responses.
Tunable Superconducting Cavity using Superconducting Quantum Interference Device Metamaterials
Authors: Kim Samuel , Shrekenhamer David , McElroy Kyle , Strikwerda Andrew , Alldredge Jacob 
Published: March 2019

AbstractHere we consider a tunable superconducting cavity that can be used either as a tunable coupler to a qubit inside the cavity or as a tunable low noise, low temperature, RF filter. Our design consists of an array of radio-frequency superconducting quantum interference devices (rf SQUIDs) inside a superconducting cavity. This forms a tunable metamaterial structure which couples to the cavity through its magnetic plasma frequency. By tuning the resonant frequency of the metamaterial through an applied magnetic flux, one can tune the cavity mode profile. This allows us to detune the cavity initially centered at 5.593 GHz by over 200 MHz. The maximum quality factor approaches that of the empty cavity, which is 4.5 × 106. The metamaterial electromagnetic response is controlled via a low-frequency or dc magnetic flux bias, and we present a control line architecture that is capable of applying sufficient magnetic flux bias with minimal parasitic coupling. Together this design allows for an in-situ tunable cavity which enables low-temperature quantum control applications.
Applications and limitations of fitting of the operational model to determine relative efficacies of agonists
Authors: Jakubík Jan , Randáková Alena , Rudajev Vladimír , Zimčík Pavel , El-Fakahany Esam E. , Doležal Vladimír 
Published: March 2019

AbstractProper determination of agonist efficacy is essential in the assessment of agonist selectivity and signalling bias. Agonist efficacy is a relative term that is dependent on the system in which it is measured, especially being dependent on receptor expression level. The operational model (OM) of functional receptor agonism is a useful means for the determination of agonist functional efficacy using the maximal response to agonist and ratio of agonist functional potency to its equilibrium dissociation constant (KA) at the active state of the receptor. However, the functional efficacy parameter τ is inter-dependent on two other parameters of OM; agonist’s KA and the highest response that could be evoked in the system by any stimulus (EMAX). Thus, fitting of OM to functional response data is a tricky process. In this work we analyse pitfalls of fitting OM to experimental data and propose a rigorous fitting procedure where KA and EMAX are derived from half-efficient concentration of agonist and apparent maximal responses obtained from a series of functional response curves. Subsequently, OM with fixed KA and EMAX is fitted to functional response data to obtain τ. The procedure was verified at M2 and M4 muscarinic receptors fused with the G15 G-protein α-subunit. The procedure, however, is applicable to any receptor-effector system.
High intensity endurance training is associated with better quality of life, but not with improved cognitive functions in elderly marathon runners
Authors: Batmyagmar D. , Kundi M. , Ponocny-Seliger E. , Lukas I. , Lehrner J. , Haslacher H. , Winker R. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractImpairment of cognitive functions in advanced age leads to a reduced quality of life and impaired ability to perform everyday tasks. The positive impact of physical exercise on the quality of life and well-being, also at a later age, is well established. However, the effect of endurance exercises, including long distance running and cycling, on cognitive function and mental health within the elderly population has still to be elucidated. To this end, elderly active marathoners (N = 50) aged over 60 years and non-athlete controls (N = 49) were followed for four years. Cognitive function was assessed using the CERAD test battery. In addition, the Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) was applied to assess self-reported physical, mental, and emotional health. Except for age, sex and education-corrected z-values of the test “Word list recall”, with marathon runners showing a decline compared to an improvement in controls (p < 0.05), there was no statistically significant difference in time trend between groups. In contrast, concerning self-reported health, scores in all eight domains of the SF-36 remained stable over time and, in nearly all of them, marathon runners showed higher self-reported health than controls. The results indicated that extensive endurance exercise is associated with improved subjective health but does not lead to better scores in cognitive performance tests in elderly persons.
Estrogen deficiency impairs integrin αvβ3-mediated mechanosensation by osteocytes and alters osteoclastogenic paracrine signalling
Authors: Geoghegan Ivor P. , Hoey David A. , McNamara Laoise M. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe integrin αvβ3has been shown to play an important role in osteocyte mechanotransduction. It has been reported that there are fewer β3integrin-containing cells in osteoporotic bone cells. Osteocytes culturedin vitrounder estrogen deficient conditions demonstrate altered mechanotransduction. However, it is unknown whether the altered mechanotransduction in estrogen deficient osteocytes is directly associated with defective αvβ3expression or signalling. The objective of this study is to investigate the role of estrogen deficiency for regulating MLO-Y4 cell morphology, αvβ3expression, focal adhesion formation and mechanotransduction by osteocytes. Here, we report that estrogen withdrawal leads to a smaller focal adhesion area and reduced αvβ3localisation at focal adhesion sites, resulting in an increasedRankl/Opgratio and defectiveCox-2responses to oscillatory fluid flow. Interestingly, αvβ3antagonism had a similar effect on focal adhesion assembly,Rankl/Opgratio, andCox-2responses to oscillatory fluid flow. Taken together, our results provide the first evidence for a relationship between estrogen withdrawal and defective αvβ3-mediated signalling. Specifically, this study implicates estrogen withdrawal as a putative mechanism responsible for altered αvβ3expression and resultant changes in downstream signalling in osteocytes during post-menopausal osteoporosis, which might provide an important, but previously unidentified, contribution to the bone loss cascade.
Mutations in the PKM2 exon-10 region are associated with reduced allostery and increased nuclear translocation
Authors: Chen Tsan-Jan , Wang Hung-Jung , Liu Jai-Shin , Cheng Hsin-Hung , Hsu Sheng-Chieh , Wu Meng-Chen , Lu Chien-Hung , Wu Yu-Fang , Wu Jing-Wen , Liu Ying-Yuan , Kung Hsing-Jien , Wang Wen-Ching 
Published: March 2019

AbstractPKM2 is a key metabolic enzyme central to glucose metabolism and energy expenditure. Multiple stimuli regulate PKM2’s activity through allosteric modulation and post-translational modifications. Furthermore, PKM2 can partner with KDM8, an oncogenic demethylase and enter the nucleus to serve as a HIF1α co-activator. Yet, the mechanistic basis of the exon-10 region in allosteric regulation and nuclear translocation remains unclear. Here, we determined the crystal structures and kinetic coupling constants of exon-10 tumor-related mutants (H391Y and R399E), showing altered structural plasticity and reduced allostery. Immunoprecipitation analysis revealed increased interaction with KDM8 for H391Y, R399E, and G415R. We also found a higher degree of HIF1α-mediated transactivation activity, particularly in the presence of KDM8. Furthermore, overexpression of PKM2 mutants significantly elevated cell growth and migration. Together, PKM2 exon-10 mutations lead to structure-allostery alterations and increased nuclear functions mediated by KDM8 in breast cancer cells. Targeting the PKM2-KDM8 complex may provide a potential therapeutic intervention.
Yeast epigenetics: the inheritance of histone modification states
Authors: O’Kane Callum J. , Hyland Edel M. 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (budding yeast) and Schizosaccharomyces pombe (fission yeast) are two of the most recognised and well-studied model systems for epigenetic regulation and the inheritance of chromatin states. Their silent loci serve as a proxy for heterochromatic chromatin in higher eukaryotes, and as such both species have provided a wealth of information on the mechanisms behind the establishment and maintenance of epigenetic states, not only in yeast, but in higher eukaryotes. This review focuses specifically on the role of histone modifications in governing telomeric silencing in S. cerevisiae and centromeric silencing in S. pombe as examples of genetic loci that exemplify epigenetic inheritance. We discuss the recent advancements that for the first time provide a mechanistic understanding of how heterochromatin, dictated by histone modifications specifically, is preserved during S-phase. We also discuss the current state of our understanding of yeast nucleosome dynamics during DNA replication, an essential component in delineating the contribution of histone modifications to epigenetic inheritance.
Synthesis of CoTiO3 nanoparticles with enhanced photocatalytic degradation
Authors: Cui Danfeng , Li Yanfang , Chen Yi , Li Yuankai , Hai Zhenyin , Xu Hongyan , Xue Chenyang 
Published: March 2019

The mesoporous CoTiO3 nanoparticles, which have been successfully prepared by a fast, simple and low‐cost hydrothermal method, show good decolourisation and degradation of methylene blue (MB). The synthesised samples can be recovered easily from solution by a magnetic mass. Surface morphology, structure, composition, and optical characteristics of the prepared CoTiO3 were determined using scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X‐ray diffraction, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and ultraviolet–visible absorption measurements. The degradation percentage of MB was nearly 95% at an initial concentration of 10 ppm in 90 min. Such enhanced photocatalytic activities of synthesised CoTiO3 were attributed to a large specific surface area (54.22 m2 g−1) and defects density, which was useful for restraining surface recombination of photo‐generated charge carriers. The recovery of CoTiO3 nanoparticles was about 85% and the degradation rate of MB remained 80% after five cycles. As a whole, the CoTiO3 nanocomposites give a synergistic effect in photocatalytic and magnetic behaviour and indicate that the synthesised samples have a promising potential particularly for water purification and environmental remediation.
Modeling sulfur depletion in interstellar clouds
Authors: Laas Jacob C. , Caselli Paola 
Published: March 2019

Context. The elemental depletion of interstellar sulfur from the gas phase has been a recurring challenge for astrochemical models. Observations show that sulfur remains relatively non-depleted with respect to its cosmic value throughout the diffuse and translucent stages of an interstellar molecular cloud, but its atomic and molecular gas-phase constituents cannot account for this cosmic value toward lines of sight containing higher-density environments.
Aims. We have attempted to address this issue by modeling the evolution of an interstellar cloud from its pristine state as a diffuse atomic cloud to a molecular environment of much higher density, using a gas-grain astrochemical code and an enhanced sulfur reaction network.
Methods. A common gas-grain astrochemical reaction network has been systematically updated and greatly extended based on previous literature and previous sulfur models, with a focus on the grain chemistry and processes. A simple astrochemical model was used to benchmark the resulting network updates, and the results of the model were compared to typical astronomical observations sourced from the literature.
Results. Our new gas-grain astrochemical model is able to reproduce the elemental depletion of sulfur, whereby sulfur can be depleted from the gas-phase by two orders of magnitude, and that this process may occur under dark cloud conditions if the cloud has a chemical age of at least 106 years. The resulting mix of sulfur-bearing species on the grain ranges across all the most common chemical elements (H/C/N/O), not dissimilar to the molecules observed in cometary environments. Notably, this mixture is not dominated simply by H2S, unlike all other current astrochemical models.
Conclusions. Despite our relatively simple physical model, most of the known gas-phase S-bearing molecular abundances are accurately reproduced under dense conditions, however they are not expected to be the primary molecular sinks of sulfur. Our model predicts that most of the “missing” sulfur is in the form of organo-sulfur species that are trapped on grains.
Bénéfices du travail pour les personnes présentant un vécu psychotique
Authors: Martin Brice 
Published: March 2019

Nous proposons de revenir dans cet article sur quelques enjeux du travail dans le contexte des troubles psychotiques, en nous tournant plus particulièrement sur la question des bénéficies du travail.Nous questionnerons en premier lieu le rôle crucial que peut être amener à jouer l’activité professionnelle dans la relance du processus de « quotidianisation », souvent altéré dans les troubles psycahotiques.Nous reviendrons par ailleurs sur d’autres bénéfices potentiel du travail et notamment son rôle de médiation sur le plan relationnel ainsi que sa fonction d’ancrage dans la réalité.
ZNS-Infektionen bei Immunsupprimierten
Authors: Weidauer Stefan , Hattingen Elke 
Published: March 2019

ZusammenfassungBei Immuninkompetenz ist das Erregerspektrum verändert und erweitert. Erreger, die bei Immunkompetenten keine Infektion auslösen können, müssen je nach Art der beeinträchtigten Immunabwehr berücksichtigt werden. Dementsprechend sind auch die Befunde in der zerebralen Bildgebung und in der Labor- und Liquordiagnostik verändert.
Eine Reise durch die neurologische Rehabilitation: die
letzten 20 und die nächsten 30 Jahre
Authors: Wade Derick T. 
Published: March 2019

ZusammenfassungDie Geschichte kann durchaus die Zukunft erklären helfen. Ein kurzer Rückblick
auf die bedeutende Entwicklung in der Neurologie zeigt, dass Neurologen eher per
Zufall bereits auf dem Weg zu einer stärkeren Beteiligung an der neurologischen
Rehabilitation sind.