bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improved TMC1 gene therapy restores hearing and balance in mice with genetic inner ear disorders
Authors: Nist-Lund Carl A. , Pan Bifeng , Patterson Amy , Asai Yukako , Chen Tianwen , Zhou Wu , Zhu Hong , Romero Sandra , Resnik Jennifer , Polley Daniel B. , Géléoc Gwenaelle S. , Holt Jeffrey R. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractFifty percent of inner ear disorders are caused by genetic mutations. To develop treatments for genetic inner ear disorders, we designed gene replacement therapies using synthetic adeno-associated viral vectors to deliver the coding sequence for Transmembrane Channel-Like (Tmc) 1 or 2 into sensory hair cells of mice with hearing and balance deficits due to mutations in Tmc1 and closely related Tmc2. Here we report restoration of function in inner and outer hair cells, enhanced hair cell survival, restoration of cochlear and vestibular function, restoration of neural responses in auditory cortex and recovery of behavioral responses to auditory and vestibular stimulation. Secondarily, we find that inner ear Tmc gene therapy restores breeding efficiency, litter survival and normal growth rates in mouse models of genetic inner ear dysfunction. Although challenges remain, the data suggest that Tmc gene therapy may be well suited for further development and perhaps translation to clinical application.
A conserved dimer interface connects ERH and YTH family proteins to promote gene silencing
Authors: Xie Guodong , Vo Tommy V. , Thillainadesan Gobi , Holla Sahana , Zhang Beibei , Jiang Yiyang , Lv Mengqi , Xu Zheng , Wang Chongyuan , Balachandran Vanivilasini , Shi Yunyu , Li Fudong , Grewal Shiv I. S. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractGene regulatory mechanisms rely on a complex network of RNA processing factors to prevent untimely gene expression. In fission yeast, the highly conserved ortholog of human ERH, called Erh1, interacts with the YTH family RNA binding protein Mmi1 to form the Erh1-Mmi1 complex (EMC) implicated in gametogenic gene silencing. However, the structural basis of EMC assembly and its functions are poorly understood. Here, we present the co-crystal structure of the EMC that consists of Erh1 homodimers interacting with Mmi1 in a 2:2 stoichiometry via a conserved molecular interface. Structure-guided mutation of the Mmi1Trp112 residue, which is required for Erh1 binding, causes defects in facultative heterochromatin assembly and gene silencing while leaving Mmi1-mediated transcription termination intact. Indeed, EMC targets masked in mmi1∆ due to termination defects are revealed in mmi1W112A. Our study delineates EMC requirements in gene silencing and identifies an ERH interface required for interaction with an RNA binding protein.
Electric-field control of spin accumulation direction for spin-orbit torques
Authors: Mishra Rahul , Mahfouzi Farzad , Kumar Dushyant , Cai Kaiming , Chen Mengji , Qiu Xuepeng , Kioussis Nicholas , Yang Hyunsoo 
Published: January 2019

AbstractElectric field is an energy-efficient tool that can be leveraged to control spin–orbit torques (SOTs). Although the amount of current-induced spin accumulation in a heavy metal (HM)/ferromagnet (FM) heterostructure can be regulated to a certain degree using an electric field in various materials, the control of its direction has remained elusive so far. Here, we report that both the direction and amount of current-induced spin accumulation at the HM/FM interface can be dynamically controlled using an electric field in an oxide capped SOT device. The applied electric field transports oxygen ions and modulates the HM/FM interfacial chemistry resulting in an interplay between the spin Hall and the interfacial torques which in turn facilitates a non-volatile and reversible control over the direction and magnitude of SOTs. Our electric-field controlled spin-orbitronics device can be programmed to behave either like the SOT systems with a positive spin Hall angle or a negative spin Hall angle.
New drugs for pharmacological extension of replicative life span in normal and progeroid cells
Authors: Vatolin Sergei , Radivoyevitch Tomas , Maciejewski Jaroslaw P. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractA high-throughput anti-aging drug screen was developed that simultaneously measures senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity and proliferation. Applied to replicatively pre-aged fibroblasts, this screen yielded violuric acid (VA) and 1-naphthoquinone-2-monoxime (N2N1) as its top two hits. These lead compounds extended the replicative life spans of normal and progeroid human cells in a dose-dependent manner and also extended the chronological life spans of mice and C. elegans. They are further shown here to function as redox catalysts in oxidations of NAD(P)H. They thus slow age-related declines in NAD(P)+/NAD(P)H ratios. VA participates in non-enzymatic electron transfers from NAD(P)H to oxidized glutathione or peroxides. N2N1 transfers electrons from NAD(P)H to cytochrome c or CoQ10 via NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone) 1 (NQO1). Our results indicate that pharmacologic manipulation of NQO1 activity via redox catalysts may reveal mechanisms of senescence and aging.
Early Evidence for Northern Salmonid Fisheries Discovered using Novel Mineral Proxies
Authors: Butler D. H. , Koivisto S. , Brumfeld V. , Shahack-Gross R. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractSalmonid resources currently foster socioeconomic prosperity in several nations, yet their importance to many ancient circumpolar societies is poorly understood due to insufficient fish bone preservation at archaeological sites. As a result, there are serious gaps in our knowledge concerning the antiquity of northern salmonid fisheries and their impacts on shaping biodiversity, hunter-gatherer adaptations, and human-ecological networks. The interdisciplinary study presented here demonstrates that calcium-magnesium phosphate minerals formed in burned salmonid bones can preserve at ancient northern sites, thus informing on the early utilization of these resources despite the absence of morphologically classifiable bones. The minerals whitlockite and beta magnesium tricalcium phosphate were identified in rare morphologically classifiable Atlantic salmonid bones from three Mid-Holocene sites in Finland. Large amounts of beta magnesium tricalcium phosphate were also experimentally formed by burning modern Atlantic salmonid and brown trout bones. Our results demonstrate the value of these minerals as proxies for ancient northern salmonid fishing. Specifically, the whitlockite mineral was discovered in hearth sediments from the 5,600 year old Yli-Ii Kierikinkangas site on the Iijoki River in northern Finland. Our fine sieving and mineralogical analyses of these sediments, along with zooarchaeological identification of recovered bone fragments, have confirmed for the first time that the people living at this village did incorporate salmonids into their economies, thus providing new evidence for early estuary/riverine fisheries in northern Finland.
Two decades of non-invasive genetic monitoring of the grey wolves recolonizing the Alps support very limited dog introgression
Authors: Dufresnes Christophe , Remollino Nadège , Stoffel Céline , Manz Ralph , Weber Jean-Marc , Fumagalli Luca 
Published: January 2019

AbstractPotential hybridization between wolves and dogs has fueled the sensitive conservation and political debate underlying the recovery of the grey wolf throughout Europe. Here we provide the first genetic analysis of wolf-dog admixture in an area entirely recolonized, the northwestern Alps. As part of a long-term monitoring program, we performed genetic screening of thousands of non-invasive samples collected in Switzerland and adjacent territories since the return of the wolf in the mid-1990s. We identified a total of 115 individuals, only 2 of them showing significant signs of admixture stemming from past interbreeding with dogs, followed by backcrossing. This low rate of introgression (<2% accounting for all wolves ever detected over 1998–2017) parallels those from other European populations, especially in Western Europe (<7%). Despite potential hybridization with stray dogs, few founders and strong anthropogenic pressures, the genetic integrity of the Alpine population has remained intact throughout the entire recolonization process. In a context of widespread misinformation, this finding should reduce conflicts among the different actors involved and facilitate wolf conservation. Real-time genetic monitoring will be necessary to identify potential hybrids and support an effective management of this emblematic population.
Stilbene derivative as a photosensitive compound to control the excitability of neonatal rat cardiomyocytes
Authors: Frolova Sheida R. , Gorbunov Vasili S. , Shubina Natalia S. , Perepukhov Alexander M. , Romanova Sandaara G. , Agladze Konstantin I. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Substances that can be used as photosensitizers for cardiac tissue are very helpful in modeling various excitation patterns in a cardiac tissue culture and may have prospective use in the temporary and permanent ablation of unwanted excitation sources in the heart.
The aim of the present work is to study the effect of stilbene derivative c-TAB (2- {4- [(E) -2- (4-ethoxyphenyl) vinyl] phenoxy} ethyl) trimethylammonium bromide) on the cardiomyocyte layers and voltage-gated ion channels in cardiac cells. C-TAB is a structural analog to AzoTAB, reported previously as a photoswitch for cardiac and neural cells, in which the azobenzene moiety is replaced by a stilbene grouping. Such a replacement makes c-TAB less toxic to living cells. c-TAB has been shown to successfully inhibit excitation in cardiac cells in both trans- and cis- forms. The excitation inhibition of cardiac cells under c-TAB is reversible and can be overturned easily by washing out the c-TAB; however, not by light illumination. The irradiation of cardiac cells with near-UV, when the trans- form of c-TAB is applied, changes reversible inhibition to a permanent one that cannot be overturned by a washout.
Living Longer, With or Without Disability? A Global and Longitudinal Perspective
Authors: Lee Jinkook , Lau Samuel , Meijer Erik , Hu Peifeng 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Background
Significant gains in life expectancy have been achieved, but living longer does not necessarily mean the years gained are productive and healthy. Different theories predict different patterns of time trends in old-age disability prevalence.

Methods
Using the Gateway to Global Aging Data, which provides internationally harmonized longitudinal data from the Health and Retirement Study and its sister surveys, we compare time trends (from 2004 to 2014) in disability prevalence across countries.

Results
Disability prevalence varies greatly across countries, and divergent time trends are observed across countries. For countries such as Belgium, Czechia, and Mexico, we observe an increase of disability prevalence, whereas in countries such as Denmark, England, Greece, Korea, Poland, and Sweden, we observe a substantial decrease in disability prevalence. Looking further into the severity of disability, we often observe differential trends in prevalence, but there is no evidence supporting the dynamic equilibrium hypothesis that predicts increased prevalence of modest disability but a decrease in severe disability prevalence.

Conclusions
Significant gains in life expectancy have translated into different gains in healthy years of life across different countries. Diverse time trends in disability prevalence across countries reaffirm that the expansion of late-life disability is not inevitable.
Scaling of size, shape and surface roughness in Antarctic krill swarms
Authors: Ryabov Alexey B , Tarling Geraint A 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Antarctic krill are obligate swarmers and the size and shape of the swarms they form can have a major influence on trophic interactions and biogeochemical fluxes. Parameterizing variability in size and shape is therefore a useful step toward understanding the operation of the Southern Ocean ecosystem. We analyse the relationships between the length L, thickness T, perimeter P, and area A of 4650 vertical cross-sections of open-ocean krill swarms obtained within the Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean in summer 2003. Our data show that these parameters are tightly interrelated. The thickness T increases on average as L0.67 and has a log-normal distribution within each length class. The perimeter and area scale with L and T as P∼L0.77T and A∼L0.86T0.48. The swarm aspect ratio, T/L, decreases approximately as L-0.32. The surface roughness (defined as P/A) has a weak dependence on swarm length and decreases approximately as T-0.46, which can be explained only by the appearance of indentations and cavities in the swarm shape. Overall, our study finds that there are distinct limits to the size and shape of swarms that Antarctic krill appear to be capable of forming and we explore the potential explanatory factors contributing to these limitations.
On sensor quantization in linear control systems: Krasovskii solutions meet semidefinite programming
Authors: Ferrante Francesco , Gouaisbaut Frédéric , Tarbouriech Sophie 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Stability and stabilization for linear state feedback control systems in the presence of sensor quantization are studied. As the closed-loop system is described by a discontinuous right-hand side differential equation, Krasovskii solutions (to the closed-loop system) are considered. Sufficient conditions in the form of matrix inequalities are proposed to characterize uniform global asymptotic stability of a compact set containing the origin. Such conditions are shown to be always feasible whenever the quantization-free closed-loop system is asymptotically stable. Building on the obtained conditions, computationally affordable algorithms for the solution to the considered problems are illustrated. The effectiveness of the proposed methodology is shown in three examples.
A Leray regularized ensemble-proper orthogonal decomposition method for parameterized convection-dominated flows
Authors: Gunzburger Max , Iliescu Traian , Schneier Michael 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Partial differential equations (PDEs) are often dependent on input quantities that are uncertain. To quantify this uncertainty PDEs must be solved over a large ensemble of parameters. Even for a single realization this can be a computationally intensive process. In the case of flows governed by the Navier–Stokes equations, an efficient method has been devised for computing an ensemble of solutions. To further reduce the computational cost of this method, an ensemble-proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) method was recently proposed. The main contribution of this work is the introduction of POD spatial filtering for ensemble-POD methods. The POD spatial filter makes possible the construction of the Leray ensemble-POD model, which is a regularized-reduced order model for the numerical simulation of convection-dominated flows of moderate Reynolds number. The Leray ensemble-POD model employs the POD spatial filter to smooth (regularize) the convection term in the Navier–Stokes equations, and diminishes the numerical inaccuracies produced by the ensemble-POD method in the numerical simulation of convection-dominated flows. Specifically, for the numerical simulation of a convection-dominated two-dimensional flow between two offset cylinders, we show that the Leray ensemble-POD method better reflects the dynamics of the benchmark results than the ensemble-POD scheme. The second contribution of this work is a new numerical discretization of the variable viscosity ensemble algorithm in which the average viscosity is replaced with the maximum viscosity. It is shown that this new numerical discretization is significantly more stable than those in current use. Furthermore, error estimates for the novel Leray ensemble-POD algorithm with this new numerical discretization are also proven.
Towards Just Resilience: Representing and Including New Constituencies in Adaptive Governance and Law
Authors: Pieraccini Margherita 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Resilience has become a key concept in the era of global environmental change in both academic and policy circles. Social scientists have singled out adaptive governance as the most appropriate regulatory strategy to build resilience. Although adaptive governance scholars are proponents of participatory decision-making, they have not explored in depth the democratic potential of adaptive governance. Questions of who should be represented and why have not been fully addressed from a normative viewpoint. Building on political theories of justice and green political thinking, this article explores more in depth the issue of procedural justice and representation in adaptive governance. In doing so the article makes a first attempt at developing the theoretical foundations for ‘just resilience’.
‘Setting’ the Stuart court
Authors: Hitchmough Wendy 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
This article interrogates three manuscript inventories for Anna of Denmark’s collection at the Tudor palace of Oatlands in Surrey, written at yearly intervals in 1616, 1617 and 1618. It explores the changing display of her paintings there in lavishly furnished settings and the positioning of a new portrait, Paul van Somer’s Anne of Denmark. Van Somer locates his subject in the hunting park at Oatlands with a representation, in the background, of an Inigo Jones gateway. This article explores Anna’s agency as a collector and patron. It proposes new readings for the interplay between portraiture, architecture, and the decorative and performing arts at the early Stuart court. Through a study of particular occasions at which they were seen by foreign ambassadors, it proposes a political currency for the queen’s collection and for van Somer’s portraits and Jones’s architecture, as integral components in the elaborate ‘performances’ of the court.
Preservation of choice principles under realizability
Authors: Dihoum Eman , Rathjen Michael 
Published: January 2019

AbstractEspecially nice models of intuitionistic set theories are realizability models $V({\mathcal A})$, where $\mathcal A$ is an applicative structure or partial combinatory algebra. This paper is concerned with the preservation of various choice principles in $V({\mathcal A})$ if assumed in the underlying universe $V$, adopting Constructive Zermelo–Fraenkel as background theory for all of these investigations. Examples of choice principles are the axiom schemes of countable choice, dependent choice, relativized dependent choice and the presentation axiom. It is shown that any of these axioms holds in $V(\mathcal{A})$ for every applicative structure $\mathcal A$ if it holds in the background universe.1 It is also shown that a weak form of the countable axiom of choice, $\textbf{AC}^{\boldsymbol{\omega , \omega }}$, is rendered true in any $V(\mathcal{A})$ regardless of whether it holds in the background universe. The paper extends work by McCarty (1984, Realizability and Recursive Mathematics, PhD Thesis) and Rathjen (2006, Realizability for constructive Zermelo–Fraenkel set theory. In Logic Colloquium 03, pp. 282–314).
Effect of Previous-Season Influenza Vaccination on Serologic Response in Children During 3 Seasons, 2013–2014 Through 2015–2016
Authors: McLean Huong Q , King Jennifer P , Talley Pamela , Flannery Brendan , Spencer Sarah , Levine Min Z , Friedrich Thomas C , Belongia Edward A 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Background
The effects of repeated influenza vaccination in children are not well understood. In this study, we evaluated previous vaccination effects on antibody response after vaccination with trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV) or quadrivalent live-attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) among school-aged children (5–17 years) across 3 seasons.

Methods
Children were enrolled in the fall of 2013, 2014, and 2015. The participants received IIV or LAIV according to parent preference (2013–2014) or our randomization scheme (2014–2015). All study children received IIV in 2015–2016. Hemagglutination-inhibition assays measured antibody response to egg-grown vaccine strains from prevaccination and postvaccination serum samples. Geometric mean titers (GMTs) and increases in GMTs from before to after vaccination (geometric mean fold rise [GMFR]) were estimated from repeated-measures linear mixed models.

Results
We enrolled 161 children in 2013–2014, 128 in 2014–2015, and 126 in 2015–2016. Among the IIV recipients, responses to the influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 and B vaccine strains were lowest among children who had received a previous-season IIV. The GMFRs for strains A(H1N1)pdm09 and B were 1.5 to 2.3 for previous-season IIV and 4.3 to 12.9 for previous-season LAIV or no previous vaccine. GMFRs were lower for strain A(H3N2), and differences according to previous-season vaccination history were smaller and not significant in most seasons. Most children had a post-IIV vaccination titer of ≥40 for vaccine strains in all seasons, regardless of previous-season vaccination history. Little to no increase in antibody levels was observed after vaccination with LAIV.

Conclusions
Serologic response to vaccination was greatest for IIV, but previous-season vaccination modified IIV response to A(H1N1)pdm09 and B. Influenza A(H3N2) responses were low in all groups, and LAIV generated minimal serologic response against all strains.
Biological Validation of Self-Reported Unprotected Sex and Comparison of Underreporting Over Two Different Recall Periods Among Female Sex Workers in Benin
Authors: Giguère Katia , Béhanzin Luc , Guédou Fernand A , Leblond François A , Goma-Matsétsé Ella , Zannou Djimon M , Affolabi Dissou , Kêkê René K , Gangbo Flore , Bachabi Moussa , Alary Michel 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Background
Self-reported unprotected sex validity is questionable and is thought to decline with longer recall periods. We used biomarkers of semen to validate self-reported unprotected sex and to compare underreporting of unprotected sex between 2 recall periods among female sex workers (FSW).

Methods
At baseline of an early antiretroviral therapy and pre-exposure prophylaxis demonstration study conducted among FSW in Cotonou, Benin, unprotected sex was assessed with retrospective questionnaires, and with vaginal detection of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and Y-chromosomal deoxyribonucleic acid (Yc-DNA). Underreporting in the last 2 or 14 days was defined as having reported no unprotected sex in the recall period while testing positive for PSA or Yc-DNA, respectively. Log-binomial regression was used to compare underreporting over the 2 recall periods.

Results
Unprotected sex prevalence among 334 participants was 25.8% (50.3%) according to self-report in the last 2 (or 14) days, 32.0% according to PSA, and 44.3% according to Yc-DNA. The proportion of participants underreporting unprotected sex was similar when considering the last 2 (18.9%) or 14 days (21.0%; proportion ratio = 0.90; 95% confidence interval, 0.72–1.13). Among the 107 participants who tested positive for PSA, 19 (17.8%) tested negative for Yc-DNA.

Conclusions
Underreporting of unprotected sex was high among FSW but did not seem to be influenced by the recall period length. Reasons for discrepancies between PSA and Yc-DNA detection, where women tested positive for PSA but negative for Yc-DNA, should be further investigated.