bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Retrospective Case Series of High-Frequency Spinal Cord Stimulation (HF10-SCS) in Neurogenic Bladder Incontinence
Authors: Schieferdecker Simon , Neudorfer Clemens , El Majdoub Faycal , Maarouf Mohammad 
Published: August 2018

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Current treatment options for bladder disorders of neurogenic etiology often leave unsatisfactory results. Therefore, new and effective treatments must be investigated. High-frequency spinal cord stimulation (HF-SCS) at 10 kHz has proven to be effective in the treatment of refractory chronic back and leg pain.

OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the efficacy of HF-SCS at 10 kHz in alleviating lower urinary tract dysfunction and bladder incontinence in 5 patients with underlying neurological disease or spinal cord injury, through retrospective study.

METHODS
Urodynamic parameters such as voiding frequency, residual volume, episodes of incontinence, and the patients’ subjective impression impairment of life were assessed and compared pre- and postoperatively. Reduction in pain intensity was assessed as change on the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS).

RESULTS
All 5 patients had significantly positive outcomes. Episodes of leakage per day improved by 83% on average. Quality of life questionnaires and subjective bother scale revealed an improvement of 36% and 57%, respectively. Individual symptoms among the patient group such as residual volume also responded to the treatment as well. Mean pain NRS of 8.6 cm was reduced to 3.9 cm (55%) at 6 mo follow-up.

CONCLUSION
HF-SCS at 10 kHz significantly alleviated symptoms of neurogenic bladder incontinence in patients suffering from neurological disease or spinal cord injury. However, larger and prospective, randomized studies are necessary to make a clear statement regarding the efficacy of this therapy in lower urinary tract dysfunction and bladder incontinence.
Minimally Invasive Single-Position Lateral Interbody Fusion With Robotic Bilateral Percutaneous Pedicle Screw Fixation: 2-Dimensional Operative Video
Authors: Walker Corey T , Godzik Jakub , Xu David S , Theodore Nicholas , Uribe Juan S , Chang Steve W 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Lateral interbody fusion has distinct advantages over traditional posterior approaches. When adjunctive percutaneous pedicle screw fixation is required, placement from the lateral decubitus position theoretically increases safety and improves operative efficiency by obviating the need for repositioning. However, safe cannulation of the contralateral, down-side pedicles remains technically challenging and often prohibitive. In this video, we present the case of a 59-yr-old man with refractory back pain and bilateral lower extremity radiculopathy that was worse on the left than right side. The patient provided written informed consent before undergoing treatment. We performed minimally invasive single-position lateral interbody fusion with robotic (ExcelsiusGPS, Globus Medical Inc, Audubon, Pennsylvania) bilateral percutaneous pedicle screw fixation for the treatment of asymmetric disc degeneration, dynamic instability, and left paracentral disc herniation with corresponding stenosis at the L3-4 level. A left-sided minimally invasive transpsoas lateral interbody graft was placed with fluoroscopic guidance. Without changing the position of the patient or breaking the sterile field, an intraoperative cone-beam computed tomography image was obtained for navigational screw placement with stereotactic trackers in the iliac spine. Screw trajectories were planned using the robotic navigation software and were placed percutaneously in the bilateral L3 and L4 pedicles using the robotic arm. Concomitant lateral fluoroscopy may be used if desired to ensure the fidelity of the robotic guidance. The patient recovered well postoperatively and was discharged home within 36 h, without complication. Single-position lateral interbody fusion and percutaneous pedicle screw fixation can be accomplished using robotic-assisted navigation and pedicle screw placement. Used with permission from Barrow Neurological Institute.
Spinal Column Shortening for Secondary Tethered Cord Syndrome in Children: 2-Dimensional Operative Video
Authors: Archer Jacob , Jea Andrew 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Tethered cord syndrome is a constellation of signs and symptoms involving sensory and motor dysfunction of the lower extremities, bladder, and bowel. The pathophysiology may be from a mechanical stretch of the distal spinal cord causing deleterious changes in blood supply and metabolism. The standard of care for tethered cord syndrome has been tethered cord release. However, drawbacks of traditional tethered cord release include neurological injury, cerebrospinal fluid leak, and intradural scarring and retethering of the spinal cord (secondary tethering). As such, spinal column shortening was described to avoid these risks.
1
We applied spinal column shortening to children and transitional adults with secondary tethered cord syndrome.
1
As shown in cadaveric biomechanical studies, the objective of surgery is to shorten by the spinal column by 1.5 to 2.5 cm, to obtain the equivalent relief of traction on the spinal cord and nerve roots as direct circumferential untethering.
2

In this video, we present the case of an 11-yr-old boy with a history of VATERL (vertebral defects, anal atresia, cardiac defects, tracheo-esophageal fistula, renal anomalies, and limb abnormalities) and tethered cord syndromes manifest as bladder dysfunction. Our patient had segmentation and formation anomalies of the lumbosacral junction, imperforate anus, and leg length discrepancy. He had already undergone multiple tethered cord releases with no durable improvement in bladder function. After discussion of the advantages and disadvantages of spinal column shortening with the patient and his father, we decided to proceed with this treatment alternative. At 9 mo after surgery, the patient has satisfactory clinical and radiographic outcomes.
Informed consent was obtained from the parents of the patient.
Trichobezoar requiring surgical intervention
Authors: Maini Atul , John Jainty 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACT
A trichobezoar is a collection of hair that forms a mass in the gastrointestinal tract and can cause obstructive symptoms when it fails to pass through the intestine. This article reviews the epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and surgical management of trichobezoar. Managing the psychiatric aspect of this condition is key to preventing recurrence and the need for another surgery.
Telemedicine and diabetic retinopathy
Authors: DeTore Joanne , Rizzolo Denise 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACT
Diabetic retinopathy is prevalent among American adults with diabetes. Tight control of glycemic levels, BP, and lipids can help reduce patients' risk of developing diabetic retinopathy, which can lead to severe visual loss and blindness if not treated. Teleophthalmology done in primary care offices can increase the number of patients who are screened, saving patients' vision through early detection and treatment of diabetic retinopathy.
Holistic Nursing Education: Teaching in a Holistic Way
Authors: Kalb Kathleen A. , O’Conner-Von Susan 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Faculty perspectives about holistic nursing education (HNE) were investigated in this descriptive study. All nurse faculty teaching in a religious-affiliated university were invited to complete a researcher-developed survey; surveys were analyzed to identify themes related to respondents’ definitions of HNE. Themes included teaching holistic nursing, seeing with holistic eyes, and using holistic pedagogy. Respondents’ definitions of HNE were found to be consistent with professional standards and competencies. Respondents were nearly unanimous in describing the importance of educating students to see persons holistically, engage in reflection and self-care, and be knowledgeable about holistic nursing and complementary health approaches.
Residual Cochlear Function in Adults and Children Receiving Cochlear Implants: Correlations With Speech Perception Outcomes
Authors: Fontenot Tatyana Elizabeth , Giardina Christopher Kenneth , Dillon Megan T. , Rooth Meredith A. , Teagle Holly F. , Park Lisa R. , Brown Kevin David , Adunka Oliver F. , Buchman Craig A. , Pillsbury Harold C. , Fitzpatrick Douglas C. 
Published: August 2018

Objectives:
Variability in speech perception outcomes with cochlear implants remains largely unexplained. Recently, electrocochleography, or measurements of cochlear potentials in response to sound, has been used to assess residual cochlear function at the time of implantation. Our objective was to characterize the potentials recorded preimplantation in subjects of all ages, and evaluate the relationship between the responses, including a subjective estimate of neural activity, and speech perception outcomes.

Design:
Electrocochleography was recorded in a prospective cohort of 284 candidates for cochlear implant at University of North Carolina (10 months to 88 years of ages). Measurement of residual cochlear function called the “total response” (TR), which is the sum of magnitudes of spectral components in response to tones of different stimulus frequencies, was obtained for each subject. The TR was then related to results on age-appropriate monosyllabic word score tests presented in quiet. In addition to the TR, the electrocochleography results were also assessed for neural activity in the forms of the compound action potential and auditory nerve neurophonic.

Results:
The TR magnitude ranged from a barely detectable response of about 0.02 µV to more than 100 µV. In adults (18 to 79 years old), the TR accounted for 46% of variability in speech perception outcome by linear regression (r
2 = 0.46; p < 0.001). In children between 6 and 17 years old, the variability accounted for was 36% (p < 0.001). In younger children, the TR accounted for less of the variability, 15% (p = 0.012). Subjects over 80 years old tended to perform worse for a given TR than younger adults at the 6-month testing interval. The subjectively assessed neural activity did not increase the information compared with the TR alone, which is primarily composed of the cochlear microphonic produced by hair cells.

Conclusions:
The status of the auditory periphery, particularly of hair cells rather than neural activity, accounts for a large fraction of variability in speech perception outcomes in adults and older children. In younger children, the relationship is weaker, and the elderly differ from other adults. This simple measurement can be applied with high throughput so that peripheral status can be assessed to help manage patient expectations, create individually-tailored treatment plans, and identify subjects performing below expectations based on residual cochlear function.
Assessment of Open Syndesmosis Reduction Techniques in an Unbroken Fibula Model: Visualization Versus Palpation
Authors: Pang Eric Quan , Coughlan Monica , Bonaretti Serena , Finlay Andrea , Bellino Michael , Bishop Julius A. , Gardner Michael J. 
Published: August 2018

Objectives:
This cadaveric study sought to evaluate the accuracy of syndesmotic reduction using direct visualization via an anterolateral approach compared with palpation of the syndesmosis through a laterally based incision.

Methods:
Ten cadaveric specimens were obtained and underwent baseline computed tomography (CT) scans. Subsequently, a complete syndesmotic injury was simulated by transecting the anterior inferior tibiofibular ligament, posterior inferior tibiofibular ligament, transverse ligament, interosseous membrane, and deltoid ligament. Three orthopaedic trauma surgeons were then asked to reduce each syndesmosis using direct visualization via an anterolateral approach. Specimens were then stabilized and underwent postreduction CT scans. Fixation was then removed, the anterolateral exposure was closed, and the surgeons were then asked to reduce the syndesmosis using palpation only via a direct lateral approach. Specimens were again instrumented and underwent postreduction CT scans. Two-tailed paired t tests were used to compare reductions with baseline scans with significance set at P < 0.05.

Results:
There was no statistically significant difference between reduction via direct visualization or palpation via lateral approach when compared with baseline scans. Although measurements did not reach significance, there was a tendency toward external rotation, and anteromedial translation with direct visualization, and a trend toward fibular external rotation and posterolateral translation with palpation.

Conclusions:
There is no difference in reduction quality using direct visualization or palpation to assess the syndesmosis. Surgeons may therefore choose either technique when reducing syndesmotic injures based on personal preference and other injury factors.
Current management of patients with chronic myelomonocytic leukemia
Authors: Mora Elvira , Sanz Guillermo F. 
Published: August 2018

Purpose of review
The present review focuses on the current management of patients with chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) and the most recent developments in the field.

Recent findings
CMML is a heterogeneous malignant myeloid disorder sharing features of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and myeloproliferative neoplasms and characterized by peripheral blood monocytosis and increased risk of progression to acute leukemia. Its natural course is highly variable and use of CMML-specific prognostic scoring systems is strongly recommended for tailoring treatment. Multiple recent studies have showed that somatic mutations, which are almost always present have a relevant and independent impact on survival but lack a clear role in predicting the response to currently available drugs.

Summary
The incorporation of somatic mutations to prognostic scoring systems has improved the prediction of patients’ outcomes. Current treatment for CMML remains unsatisfactory. Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation is the only curative option but is applicable to a minority of patients. Usually higher-risk patients displaying MDS-like characteristics are treated with hypomethylating agents (HMAs), whereas those with myeloproliferative features generally receive hydroxyurea or HMAs but none of these drugs substantially modify the natural history of CMML. Newer therapies are clearly needed.
Benefits of Methylphenidate for Long-Term Attention Problems After Traumatic Brain Injury in Childhood: A Randomized, Double-Masked, Placebo-Controlled, Dose-Titration, Crossover Trial
Authors: Kurowski Brad G. , Epstein Jeffery N. , Pruitt David W. , Horn Paul S. , Altaye Mekibib , Wade Shari L. 
Published: August 2018

Objective:
To characterize the benefits and optimal dose of long-acting methylphenidate for management of long-term attention problems after childhood traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Design:
Phase 2, randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled, dose-titration, crossover clinical trial.

Setting:
Outpatient, clinical research.

Participants:
Twenty-six children aged 6 to 17 years who were at least 6 months post-TBI and met criteria for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) at the time of enrollment.

Outcome Measures:
Vanderbilt Rating Scale of attention problems, Pittsburgh Side Effects Rating Scale, and vital signs.

Results:
Among the 26 participants randomized, 20 completed the trial. The mean ages at injury and enrollment were 6.3 and 11.5 years, respectively. Eight participants had a severe TBI. On an optimal dose of medication, greater reductions were found on the Vanderbilt Parent Rating Scale for the medicated condition than for placebo (P = .022, effect size = 0.59). The mean optimal dose of methylphenidate was 40.5 mg (1.00 mg/kg/day). Preinjury ADHD diagnosis status was not associated with a differential medication response. Methylphenidate was associated with weight loss (∼1 kg), increased systolic blood pressure (∼3- to 6-point increase), and mild reported changes in appetite.

Conclusion:
Findings support use of long-acting methylphenidate for management of long-term attention problems after pediatric TBI. Larger trials are warranted of stimulant medications, including comparative effectiveness and combination medication and nonmedication interventions.
PATIENTS WITH EPIRETINAL MEMBRANES DISPLAY RETROGRADE MACULOPATHY AFTER SURGICAL PEELING OF THE INTERNAL LIMITING MEMBRANE
Authors: Dysli Muriel , Ebneter Andreas , Menke Marcel N. , Zinkernagel Martin , Wolf Sebastian , Grabe Hilary , Abegg Mathias 
Published: August 2018

Purpose:
Intraretinal cystoid spaces are commonly found after surgical peeling of epiretinal membranes. In this study, we explored whether these cysts were associated with ganglion cell loss and thus might be a manifestation of retrograde maculopathy. The latter is a nonvascular edema with a characteristic morphology that is often found in the inner nuclear layer (INL) of patients with optic neuropathy.

Methods:
In this retrospective case series, we identified consecutive patients who underwent surgical epiretinal membrane peeling. We determined the frequency of microcystic macular edema (MME), defined by vertical cystoid spaces in the INL, and we measured the thickness of individual macular layers before and after surgery.

Results:
Epiretinal membrane peeling resulted in an improvement of visual acuity and a reduction of retinal thickness by about 15%. In total, 35% of patients with MME before surgery showed no sign of MME postoperatively, whereas edema persisted after surgery in 65% of patients. Interestingly, 29% of the patients without MME before surgery developed MME after surgery. Overall, we found MME in 35% of patients before peeling and in 42% after peeling. After surgery, the mean ganglion cell layer thickness was reduced compared with healthy control eyes. Ganglion cell layer thickness correlated inversely with thickness of the INL. Compared with patients without MME, individuals with MME had a thinner ganglion cell layer and a thicker INL in the affected eye.

Conclusion:
Our findings indicate that peeling of epiretinal membranes and internal limiting membranes is associated with atrophy of ganglion cells and thickening of the INL. The latter is associated with the presence of MME. Altogether, we assume that surgical treatment of epiretinal membranes induces a variant of a retrograde maculopathy.
PREOPERATIVE VITREORETINAL INTERFACE ABNORMALITIES ON SPECTRAL DOMAIN OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY AS RISK FACTOR FOR PSEUDOPHAKIC CYSTOID MACULAR EDEMA AFTER PHACOEMULSIFICATION
Authors: Copete Sergio , Martí-Rodrigo Pablo , Muñiz-Vidal Romina , Pastor-Idoate Salvador , Rigo Jaume , Figueroa Marta S. , García-Arumí JOSÉ , Zapata Miguel A. 
Published: August 2018

Purpose:
We assessed the role of vitreoretinal interface status in the development of pseudophakic cystoid macular edema (PCME) after cataract surgery.

Methods:
Prospective cohort study in which 112 patients (112 eyes) scheduled for cataract surgery were selected at random to undergo spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) within 1 week preoperatively and at 1 and 3 months postoperatively. Spectral domain OCT macular images included no vitreoretinal contact, focal and diffuse vitreomacular adhesion, focal and diffuse vitreomacular traction, epiretinal membrane, macular hole, and macular edema.

Results:
The incidence of PCME was 11.6% (13 eyes), all of them being diagnosed at 1 month, and 7 eyes resolved at 3 months. The only risk factor for PCME was detection of nonsurgical epiretinal membrane by spectral domain OCT before phacoemulsification, being developed in 5 of 16 eyes (χ2 = 0.08, odds ratio 4.53, 95% confidence interval 1.28–16.13). Other variables such as posterior vitreous detachment, subfoveal choroidal thickness, diabetes, or hypertension were not significantly associated with PCME.

Conclusion:
In this cohort, preoperative detection of epiretinal membrane by spectral domain OCT was a risk factor for PCME after cataract extraction. It is recommended to perform a spectral domain OCT before cataract surgery because the presence of an epiretinal membrane may be passed unnoticed by fundus examination.
Prevalence of Novel Candidate Sjogren Syndrome Autoantibodies in the Dry Eye Assessment and Management (DREAM) Study
Authors: Bunya Vatinee Y. , Ying Gui-Shuang , Maguire Maureen G. , Kuklinski Eric , Lin Meng C. , Peskin Ellen , Asbell Penny A. ,   the DREAM Study Research Group
Published: August 2018

Purpose:
To evaluate the prevalence of novel candidate Sjogren syndrome (SS) autoantibodies [salivary protein-1 (SP-1), parotid secretory protein, carbonic anhydrase 6] in the DRy Eye Assessment and Management (DREAM) cohort, a study evaluating the effectiveness of omega-3 fatty acid supplements for the treatment of dry eye.

Methods:
Participants underwent ocular surface examinations and serological testing for traditional and novel SS autoantibodies. Dry eye assessment and management participants were categorized into the following 3 groups: 1) no history of SS or other autoimmune diseases and negative traditional SS autoantibodies (n = 352); 2) no history of SS but a history of other autoimmune diseases (n = 66); and 3) those who met the 2012 American College of Rheumatology SS classification criteria (n = 52).

Results:
Eleven percent had a history of SS, and 6% of those without a history of SS most likely had undiagnosed SS. The SS group had a higher prevalence of SP-1 autoantibodies than the group without SS or other autoimmune diseases (33% vs. 19%; P = 0.02) but had no difference in carbonic anhydrase 6 (P = 0.31) or parotid secretory protein autoantibodies (P = 0.33). Participants who were positive for the traditional autoantibodies alone or positive for both traditional and novel autoantibodies had the highest scores for corneal (P = 0.002) and conjunctival staining (P < 0.001).

Conclusions:
Data from this multicenter, prospective study demonstrated that one of the novel candidate autoantibodies, SP-1, is associated with underlying SS and that novel autoantibodies may be associated with worse ocular surface disease. Future longitudinal studies are needed to evaluate their utility in screening patients with dry eye for SS.