bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outcome of Nonketotic Hyperglycinemia in Lebanon: 14-Year Retrospective Review
Authors: Shbarou Rolla M. , Boustany Rose Mary , Daher Rose T. , Pakdel Parisa , Noureddine Abir , Karam Pascale E. 
Published: June 2019

Nonketotic hyperglycinemia is a rare inborn error of glycine metabolism characterized by a severe metabolic encephalopathy with drug-resistant seizures. Here, we report the outcome of nonketotic hyperglycinemia in a cohort of patients diagnosed and followed-up at a tertiary care reference center in Lebanon, between 2000 and 2014.Eight out of 12 patients with nonketotic hyperglycinemia were retrospectively reviewed. The remainders were excluded for incomplete data. The majority of cases presented with seizures and hypsarrhythmia or burst suppression patterns. Half of the patients died. Survival varied between 7 days and 18 years. Seizures remained unresponsive with poor outcome, despite standard supportive care and antiepileptic therapy; however, two patients were responsive to ketogenic diet and one of them became seizure-free.Scarce data on the outcome of nonketotic hyperglycinemia patients from the Middle East and North Africa region are available. The ketogenic diet, in combination with standard therapies, appears to be effective in controlling the seizures in this devastating disorder. Larger multicenter studies are still needed to establish the role of the ketogenic diet in nonketotic hyperglycinemia.
Crossover from interaction to driven regimes in quantum vortex reconnections
Authors: Galantucci Luca , Baggaley Andrew W. , Parker Nick G. , Barenghi Carlo F. 
Published: June 2019

Significance
Vortex reconnections are fundamental events in fluid motion, randomizing the velocity field, changing the topology, and redistributing energy across length scales. In superfluid helium and atomic Bose–Einstein condensates, vortices are effectively one-dimensional lines called quantum vortices (akin to minitornadoes of a fixed strength). Individual reconnections happen when two vortices collide and subsequently recoil, exchanging heads and tails. Recent experimental progress opens the possibility of answering the important question as to whether reconnections obey a universal behavior. Here we show that the intervortex distance between reconnecting vortices obeys two fundamental scaling laws, which we identify in experimental data and numerical simulations, across homogeneous superfluids and trapped condensates.
Orthographic and phonetic transcriptions of Rhapsodie recording
Authors: Dister Anne , Goldman Jean-Philippe , Marlet Renaud 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
In this chapter, we present the principles that we used for the orthographic and phonological transcriptions in Rhapsodie, as well as the process of automatic segmentation. We opted for three main principles in the orthographic transcription: (1) no adaptation of the standard spelling using tricks such as i-z-ont or pasque; (2) no punctuation; (3) phenomena that are peculiar to speech are duly represented: filled pauses, word repetitions, self-repairs, word fragments, interjections, onomatopoeias, and discourse markers. Then a phonetic transcription is obtained using an automatic grapheme-to-phoneme (g2p) conversion tool followed by manual verification; lastly, on the basis of the sound recording and the phonetic transcription, we provide a multi-layer alignment (or segmentation) at the phonetic, syllabic, and lexical levels, thanks to an automatic approach based on a speech recognition engine.
Annotation tools for syntax
Authors: Gerdes Kim , Kahane Sylvain , Bawden Rachel , Belião Julie , de la Clergerie Eric , Wang Ilaine 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
This chapter is devoted to the presentation of the tools and methods used for the different steps of the semi-automatic syntactic annotation: automatic preprocessing; microsyntactic parsing with the FRMG tool, correction of the parsing with the Arborator tool, agreement analysis, post-validation correction, and development of the final format of the Rhapsodie syntactic treebank. As FRMG is a parser for written French that was not configured to analyze disfluencies and reformulation, we used our manual pile marking to unfold the piles and produce a series of simplified “sentences” with only government relations. Despite having two annotators plus a validator for the corrections, we found a substantial number of errors in the post-validation procedure by using a set of rules to determine the well-formedness of the trees.
Syntax and prosody mapping: What and how?
Authors: Kahane Sylvain , Lacheret-Dujour Anne 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
This chapter is devoted to the intonosyntactic interface, by exploring relationships between major prosodic and macrosyntactic units. It presents different kinds of mapping between intonational periods and illocutionary units, and discusses three basic constructions: alignment, when prosodic and macrosyntactic boundaries coincide; inclusion, when an intonational period groups several illocutionary units; and fragmentation, when an illocutionary unit is segmented by several intonational periods. We also exhibit a singular case of matching, called desynchronization, when neither prosodic boundaries nor macrosyntactic boundaries coincide with each other. These different patterns are discussed in the light of functional and discourse constraints.
Sensitivity analysis of thorax imaging using two-dimensional Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT)
Authors: Andiani L , Rubiyanto A , Endarko  
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) is a non-invasive medical imaging technique which estimates the electrical impedance distribution within some tissue. The study aimed to assess the performance of the EIT system in a thorax imaging by analysis of sensitivity distribution. Sensitivity distribution was visualized using COMSOL Multiphysics simulation in a human thorax represented as an elliptic cylinder phantom consisting of homogeneous and inhomogeneous medium with varying different dimensions of 16 electrode EIT system. Current density distribution was collected for sensitivity analysis using the neighboring method. The sensitivity distribution at each position in the phantom is different. It is caused by the interaction of current density from transmitter and receiver terminal. The different varying parameter of the system can also influence sensitivity distribution. The sensitivity of inhomogeneous phantom is very non-uniformly distributed. The performance of systems was assessed by analysis of the change of sensitivity with the change of electrode dimensions in the homogeneous and inhomogeneous medium.
Comparison of dose calculation algorithms model: Convolution, superposition, and fast superposition in 3-D Conformal Radiotherapy (3D-CRT) treatment plan
Authors: Murat H , Karim M K A , Harun H H , Kayun Z 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe important task of radiotherapy is to make sure that the radiation dose to the target tumour is accurate as prescribed and the dose to the organ at risk is minimized. Therefore, the aim of this study is to compare and evaluate the efficiency of the dose calculation algorithms: namely convolution, superposition, and fast superposition which installed in Treatment Planning System (TPS) (CMS XiO, USA). In this study, we modified protocols described in IAEATecdoc-1583, where four typical treatment techniques such as single field, multiple field, wedge field, and multi-leaf collimated (MLC) field were analysed from the system. The measurement data for calculated dose and measured dose were taken from thorax CIRS anthropomorphic phantom. The assessment of algorithms was done by comparing the point dose calculated with the measured dose. The study shows that the superposition algorithm produced relative error less than ± 3% which passed 100% of all reference points, whilst the convolution algorithm and fast superposition presented relative error more than ± 3% which passed 82% and 91% of reference points, respectively. In conclusion, the evaluation of radiotherapy treatment plan shall take into account the type of dose calculation algorithm model in order to optimize radiotherapy treatment and ensure the radiation safety to the patient.
Translation and rotational target motion effect in NSCLC case with 3D-CRT, IMRT, and VMAT techniques using in-house dynamic thorax phantom
Authors: Putranto A M Y , Sudarmaji A , Fadli M , Nainggolan A , Liura S , Pawiro S A 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
This study aimed to make in-house dynamic thorax phantom that simulate translational and rotational direction mimicking NSCLC target movement. In addition,this study also investigate dosimetric effect of target movement for several translational amplitude. This work used in-house dynamic thorax phantom based on CIRS Dynamic Thorax Phantom model 008A. This phantom simulated translation in superior-inferior direction, rotational in the anterior-posterior and left-right lateral plane to mimic human respiratory motion. It was designed and controlled by linear actuator motor, servo motor, Adafruit motor shield L293D and Arduino UNO R3. It was implemented to evaluate point dose of 3D-CRT, IMRT, VMAT technique and for 5 mm; 10 mm; 15 mm translational motion amplitude 90° rotational target motion amplitude. The GafChromic EBT 3 film was used as a dosimeter for point dose measurement. This in-house dynamic thorax phantom can mimicking NSCLC target movement for translational amplitude 5 ± 1 mm; 10 ± 1 mm; 15 ± 1 mm and rotational amplitude 90° ± 3°. The average dose deviation of target dose (centre and peripheral) of TPS dose planning and target motion measurement on 3DCRT with 5 mm, 10 mm and 15 mm were 3.2%, 3.1%, and 1.8% respectively, and dose deviation on IMRT were 3.9%, 2.5%, and 2.8%, while dose deviation on VMAT treatment were 4.2%, 4.6%, and 6.1% respectively. The preliminary result supported the previous work by Mukhlisin. Furthermore, rotational movement of phantom contributed in average of 1.5% compare to translational movement only.
Establishment of institutional diagnostic reference level for CT imaging associated with multiple anatomical regions
Authors: Razali M A S M , Ahmad M Z , Roslee M A A M , Osman N D 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Advancement of CT technology has increased the frequency of CT scanning in diagnosis. However, the concern on dose increment that related to radiation-associated health risk from CT also improved. The aim of this study was to establish an institutional diagnostic reference level (DRL) for computed tomography (CT) imaging associated with multiple or combined anatomical regions and compared with other international DRLs. CT dose data of 705 subjects were collected retrospectively from January 2015 until December 2017 at AMDI, USM, Malaysia. The most common CT examination of combined anatomical regions were neck-thorax-abdomen-pelvis (NTAP), thorax-abdomen (TA), thorax-abdomen-pelvis (TAP), and abdomen-pelvis (AP). CT dose data such as CTDIvol, CTDIw and dose-length product (DLP) were collected including contrast, non-contrast, single-phasic, and multiphasic examinations. The 50th and 75th percentile of dose distribution were calculated and compared with other established DRLs. TAP CT was the most frequently performed examination at AMDI (73%). The local dose values of multiphasic and non-contrast examinations were higher compared to single phasic and contrast study. The results show a weak correlation between different CT sequences and DRLs for AP examination. Local dose values reported for all CT examinations were below any international DRLs except for CT TAP (multiphasic) study. The institutional DRL for combined anatomical regions was established using the third quartile values of dose distribution and is categorized based on CT sequences.
Radiation dose intensity and local tumour control of non-small cell lung cancer: A radiobiological modelling perspective
Authors: Alaswad M , Kleefeld C , Foley M 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Several clinical situations call for the use of radiobiological principles as powerful clinical tools. The aim of this project is to examine the effect of radiotherapy dose intensity on local tumour control for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) using the biological effective dose (BED) concept. A two-year tumour control probability (TCP) model was developed based on the linear-quadratic cell concept combined with Poisson statistics. The two-year local control outcome was analysed for the radiotherapy dose using the BEDs. The BED calculations and the TCP model were fitted to a series of NSCLC patients drawn from the literature. The investigation is based on the two-year local tumour control rate for stage I-II NSCLC for a dose fractionation size that varied from 1.5-20 Gy per fraction delivered via three radiotherapy treatments: 3D-conformal radiation therapy (3D-CRT), continuous hyperfractionated accelerated radiotherapy (CHART) and stereotactic ablative body radiotherapy (SABR). The BED values of 2,280 patients were computed and analysed as a function of local tumour control. To quantitatively assess the correlation between the BED and local tumour control, a residuals analysis and linear regression were performed. Higher radiotherapy doses were associated with improved local tumour control and survival rates for NSCLC, as suggested by the coefficient of the correlation R2 statistical test: 0.83 for the 3D-CRT and 0.91 for the SABR treatment.
Fingernail dosimetry using electron spin resonance for radiation disaster response
Authors: Gonzales CAB , Yasuda H , Hirota S , Miki K , Saito A , Taño JE , Nagata Y 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
This study investigates the use of electron spin resonance (ESR) signals from human fingernails for retrospective dosimetry as part of radiation disaster response, focusing on the variabilities of individual responses to radiation. Samples of fingernails were collected from 7 adult donors (Asian type) and irradiated to 35 Gy and 70 Gy of gamma-rays from a Cs-137 source at a dose rate of 0.857 Gy/min. All irradiated fingernails were measured for 39 days with an X-band ESR spectrometer and stored in darkness inside the vacuum desiccator (30% humidity, 20°C) in between measurements at all times. All samples were harvested using one specific nail cutter and given no other special treatments. It was observed that the measured radiation-induced signals faded on about 10-12% after 1 day of exposure. Though the signal intensities showed a significant difference among the donors, stronger linearities in the dose responses were observed in the samples of younger donors. From the results obtained in this study, it is expected that fingernails would be a useful tool for retrospective dosimetry in case of an unexpected radiological accident or medical treatment error associated with exposure in therapeutic dose range, as far as the individual-based calibration curves were available. Further investigations will be made to clarify the reason for the different responses by using the fingernail samples taken from a greater number of donors of different ages and lifestyles.
Challenges and opportunities for a CAMPEP-accredited Medical Physics Graduate Program in Galway, Ireland
Authors: Kleefeld C , Alaswad M , Foley M 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Established in 2002, this long running MSc in Medical Physics program was awarded CAMPEP accreditation in 2015, thus being one out of only two CAMPEP approved graduate programs outside North America. The program is a full-time, one-year taught master course delivered by a close university–hospital collaboration. This paper will give an outline of the current program structure and will identify challenges likely affecting the areas of teaching, research and course administration. Strategies to address these challenges will be discussed. Since the accreditation, the number of students enrolled in the program increased from 8 in 2015/16 and 16 in 2016/17 to 21 in 2017/18 and 25 in 2018/19. The number of non-EU students in these cohorts was 2, 5, 4, and 9 respectively. Non-EU students predominantly originate from North America and Saudi-Arabia. The total number of applicants averages at approximately 55 per year. A further increase in student intake has been advocated but might impact negatively on the quality of the clinical training which forms a vital part of the program. Students are given access to clinical systems for laboratory exercises as well as for pursuing research projects, thus gaining some clinical experience which will increase their employability. However, local clinical access has to be limited. In order to mitigate the situation, the program cooperates with medical physics departments nationwide and internationally. Curricular challenges arising from clinical implementations of ever-evolving technologies and from a rapidly changing medical physics landscape in general will be expanded on.
Thermoluminescence characteristic of CaSO4:Dy on β and γ radiation
Authors: Nuraeni N , Kartikasari D , Yani S , Hiswara E , Haryanto F , Iskandar F , Waris A 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The research on the developments of thermoluminescence (TL) material in nano- and microstructure are increasing in recent years. There are many new techniques developed for preparing TL material that aim to improve and investigate the structure, morphology, and TL characteristics. In this study, the TL characteristics of CaSO4 doped with Dysprosium (Dy) were being observed. CaSO4:Dy was performed by co-precipitation method with 0.1 mol% Dy concentration. The obtained sample was irradiated with Cs-137 for gamma source and Sr-90 for beta source with doses of 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 mGy. After irradiation, the structure, morphology, and TL response were observed by using XRD, SEM, and TLD Reader Harshaw 3500. XRD results showed that the average crystallite size for CaSO4:Dy were 58 nm. But, the presence of dysprosium could not be clearly observed from XRD results. The characterization results from SEM for CaSO4:Dy had shape resembling needle-like crystal. The TL response of CaSO4:Dy was compared from beta and gamma radiation source. TL responses for Cs-137 source were 26.56, 34.09, 51.85, 75.97, and 86.29 nC for 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 mGy, respectively. Sr-90 source with the same dose obtained TL responses as follows: 35.67, 68.60, 100.87, 121.69, and 179.85 nC. The shapes of the glow curves were almost identical, but these curves had different intensities. The TL response from β-ray source obtained a higher intensity than from γ-ray source because the beta source is a particle with mass so that it will have more interaction than gamma source in TLD material.
Bioinspired calcium phosphate mineralization on Net-Shape-Nonwoven chitosan scaffolds stimulates human bone marrow stromal cell differentiation
Authors: Heinemann C , Brünler R , Kreschel C , Kruppke B , Bernhardt R , Aibibu D , Cherif C , Wiesmann H-P , Hanke T 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Chitosan fibers were processed using the Net-Shape-Nonwoven (NSN) technique in order to create porous scaffolds which were functionalized in two bioinspired ways: collagen type I coating and unique mineralization with organically modified hydroxyapatite (ormoHAP). While collagen is common to enhance cell attachment on surfaces, the electric-field assisted migration and deposition of ormoHAP on the surface of the NSN-scaffolds is a novel technique which enables sub-micrometer sized mineralization while maintaining the original pore structure. Microscopy revealed fast attachment and morphological adaptation of the cells on both, the pure and the functionalized NSN-scaffolds. Remarkably, the cell number of osteogenically induced hBMSC on ormoHAP-modified NSN-scaffolds increased 3.5–5 fold compared to pure NSN-scaffolds. Osteogenic differentiation of hBMSC/osteoblasts was highest on collagen-functionalized NSN-scaffolds. RT-PCR studies revealed gene expression of ALP, BSP II, and osteocalcin to be high for all NSN-scaffolds. Overall, the NSN-scaffold functionalization with collagen and ormoHAP improved attachment, proliferation, and differentiation of hBMSC and therefore revealed the remarkable potential of their application for the tissue engineering of bone.
Improving Risk Assessment of Noctuid Pests at North American Ports and Farms by Differentiating Egg Morphology
Authors: Blanco Carlos A , Rosario-Lebron Armando , O’Donnell Cheryle A , Portilla Maribel , Gullbronson Connor , Mowery Joseph , Smith-Pardo Allan H , Stocks Ian , Nadel Hannah , Trozzo Lara R , Haslem Patrick S , Young James D , Downes Sharon , Parker Tracey , Walsh Tom , Tay Wee Tek , Oppenheim Sara 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Heliothine eggs are commonly found on agricultural commodities and ornamental plants transported through domestic and international commerce. Tobacco budworm [Chloridea (Heliothis) virescens (F.)], Chloridea subflexa (Guenée), and the corn earworm [Helicoverpa zea (Boddie)] are indigenous pests of the American continent. Interceptions of the Old World bollworm [Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner)] at various ports of entry into the United States have been detected due to the invasion of this pest in South America, adding to the complexity and importance of decision making at plant inspection stations. The ability to distinguish the eggs of C. virescens from C. subflexa and Helicoverpa species is a critical component for conducting risk assessments by quarantine authorities, taxonomists, and crop consultants. We developed a simple, rapid (~60 min), inexpensive ($0.06 per sample), and accurate (100% reliability) technique to distinguish C. virescens eggs from the possibility of being H. armigera based on the presence, number, and/or size of aeropyle holes on the primary ribs of eggs, near the micropylar rosette. In this location, aeropyles were easily visible at 40× magnification in 213 fresh and ethanol-preserved C. virescens eggs once treated with Hoyer’s solution. A small number of C. subflexa had one or two aeropyles on a few of the primary ribs, whereas no aeropyles were found on 411 H. zea and 269 H. armigera eggs analyzed using optical, electron, and confocal microscopy. We conclude that in most cases multiple aeropyle holes positively identify H. virescens eggs from H. zea or H. armigera, and C. subflexa. This technique potentially will reduce the number of specimens that need to be sent for molecular identification thereby saving program time and resources.
Prostate Biopsy Processing: An Innovative Model for Reducing Cost, Decreasing Test Time, and Improving Diagnostic Material
Authors: Murugan Paari , Shukla Dip , Morocho Jennifer , Smith Deanne , Sciacca Drew , Pickard Meghan , Wahlsten Michelle , Gunderson Ashley , Konety Badrinath , Khalifa Mahmoud A , Warlick Christopher 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

Objectives
Current protocols for processing multiple prostate biopsy cores per case are uneconomical and cumbersome. Tissue fragmentation and loss compromise cancer diagnosis. We sought to study an alternate method to improve processing and diagnosis of prostate cancer.

Methods
Two sets of sextant biopsy specimens from near-identical locations were obtained ex vivo from 48 prostate specimens. One set was processed in the standard fashion while the other was processed using the BxChip, a proprietary biomimetic matrix that accommodates six cores on a single chip. Parameters including grossing, embedding, sectioning and reading time, length of tissue, and degree of fragmentation were compared.

Results
A significant reduction (more than threefold) in preanalytical and analytical time was observed using the multiplex method. Nonlinear fragmentation was absent, in contrast to standard processing.

Conclusions
The BxChip reduced tissue fragmentation and increased efficiency of prostate biopsy diagnosis. It also resulted in overall cost savings and significantly increased tissue length.