bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alexandria - A Virtual Repository of Knowledge
Authors: Graham Joseph Michael , Comaroski Eva 
Published: August 2018

Virtual worlds are development platforms, similar to sandbox games where users are able to interact with each other with no predefined goal. Due to immersive visual feedback, these platforms have been successfully used in the past to create lesson plans and materials used for undergraduate and, graduate education as well as for and recreation. To complement that effort, we have built a virtual library that would conveniently offer reference materials to support learning activities. We present Alexandria, an Linden-based virtual library that uses synchronization techniques based on the OpenSim Scripting Language and server-side file-synchronization software in order to allow the stashing and dissemination of educational and recreational material within Virtual Worlds.
Editorial
Authors: Fragoso Suely , Gil Ortega Maria del Carmen , Malamos Athanasios G. 
Published: August 2018

This issue, as with all assembled issues, aimed at highlighting the diversity of issues of virtual and real worlds. A considerable number of submissions were concerned with questions related to the body, specially the gendered body. As a result, three of the five articles chosen for this Assembled issue are on this subject, each brings a different perspective. The other two discuss questions related to user generated content.
¿Regreso al futuro? La migración en el cruce entre el pasado y el presente, los hechos y la ficción en "Ibicaba: Das Paradies in den Köpfen" (1985), de Eveline Hasler
Authors: Rosmarie Kathöfer Gabi 
Published: August 2018

Este artículo analiza la novela histórica de Eveline Hasler Ibicaba: Das Paradies in den Köpfen (1985) como una reflexión sobre los debates políticos en torno a la emigración del siglo XIX. En su ficcionalización de los hechos históricos, Ibicaba contiene también reflexiones socio-psicológicas y filosóficas sobre los derechos humanos, una crítica poscolonial a los asentamientos europeos en el extranjero y una invitación para que se elabore una historia femenina de la migración. Este ensayo defiende que la novela de Hasler es una invitación a cuestionar el concepto de Heimat y otras construcciones identitarias en el mundo global de la actualidad.
Protagonistas del Bono Productivo Alimentario y sus desafíos
Authors: Mondragon-Lainez Ana Doris , Zúniga-González Carlos Alberto 
Published: August 2018

El presente estudio presenta los desafíos que tienen las protagonistas del Programa Bono Productivo Alimentario en el cumplimiento de los objetivos que este se propone. El estudio se realizo por medio de entrevistas a nivel municipal. Los resultados de la investigación evidencian el desafío de mejorar la dieta alimenticia, comercializar excedentes, desarrollar iniciativas micro-empresariales. Así mismo, es importante en este proceso fomentar una actitud emprendedora direccionada a una economía de escala y para ello es fundamental un acompañamiento del gobierno en cuanto a la asistencia técnica de las protagonistas.
La infiltración del agua en los suelos y componentes artificiales y materia orgánica que se utilizan en ellos para la agricultura
Authors: Úbeda Rivera José Saturnino , Delgado Dallatorre Yader 
Published: August 2018

El tema comprendido tiene referencia la retención de agua en los suelos de uso agrícola, se torna a tratar de averiguar sobre alternativas que ayuden a la retención de agua en suelo y más en suelos que están agotados por el exceso de trabajo que le dan los agricultores. En este tema se abarcan los polímeros absorbentes que aunque hoy en día son poco usados en la agricultura, se han realizado prácticas con estos y han arrojado datos positivos a favor de estos polímeros. La materia orgánica también se abarca como hidro retenedor porque ayuda a la retención de agua por medio de lo osmosis que consiste que el agua pase de un lugar de mayor concentración a uno de menor concentración. Se trata de buscar una alternativa pata ayudar a mejorar la condiciones del suelo en la agricultura, aunque hay veces que los agricultores no valoran lo que el suelo nos dé, que es el alimento y sin este no sobrevivimos.
História, teoria e crítica na arte contemporânea: questões emergentes da arte-ciência-tecnologia
Authors: Santos Nara Cristina 
Published: August 2018

Este artigo apresenta um percurso em História, Teoria e Crítica na área das Artes Visuais. Busca analisar e discutir questões emergentes de pesquisa transdisciplinar, a partir do projeto Museu Arte-Ciência-Tecnologia: Ações Expositivas e Estratégias Museais (2017-2022), como contribuição para pensar o campo da Arte Contemporânea. Fundamenta-se nas atividades desenvolvidas desde 2007 no PPGART/UFSM, e desde 2005 com a implementação do GP Arte e Tecnologia/CNPq e do LABART, no CAL/UFSM.
The Braveheart amphipod: a review of responses of invasiveDikerogammarus villosusto predation signals
Authors: Jermacz Łukasz , Kobak Jarosław 
Published: August 2018

Predator pressure is a fundamental force driving changes at all levels of the community structure. It may protect native ecosystems from alien species. Therefore, resistance to diverse predators resulting from a universal anti-predator strategy seems crucial for invasion success. We present a comprehensive review of the responses of an invasive amphipodDikerogammarus villosusto sympatric and allopatric predator signals. We summarize diverse aspects of the gammarid anti-predator strategy, including predator identification, morphological and behavioural adaptations, effectiveness of shelter use and resistance to indirect predator effects. The response ofD. villosusis independent of predator species (including totally allopatric taxa), which assures the high flexibility of its predator recognition system. It has a harder exoskeleton and better capability of utilizing shelters compared to other gammarids, resulting in relatively high resistance to predators. Therefore, it can use predator kairomones as indirect food signals (sharing the diet with the predator) and follow the predator scent. This resistance may allowD. villosusto reduce the costs of its physiological responses to predators and sustain growth in their presence. This might facilitate invasion success by increasing its competitive advantage.
Extent of Pseudocapacitance in High‐Surface Area Vanadium Nitrides
Authors: Djire Abdoulaye , Ajenifujah Olabode , Thompson Levi T. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractEarly transition‐metal nitrides, especially vanadium nitride (VN), have shown promise for use in high energy density supercapacitors due to their high electronic conductivity, areal specific capacitance, and ability to be synthesized in high surface area form. Their further development would benefit from an understanding of their pseudocapacitive charge storage mechanism. In this paper, the extent of pseudocapacitance exhibited by vanadium nitride in aqueous electrolytes was investigated using cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The pseudocapacitance contribution to the total capacitance in the nitride material was much higher than the double‐layer capacitance and ranged from 85 % in basic electrolyte to 87 % in acidic electrolyte. The mole of electrons transferred per VN material during pseudocapacitive charge storage was also evaluated. This pseudocapacitive charge‐storage is the key component in the full utilization of the properties of early‐transition metal nitrides for high‐energy density supercapacitors.
Solvent‐induced Gel Formation Hypothesis for Natural Product Gelators with Polycyclic Structures
Authors: Zhi Kangkang , Zhao Haitian , Yang Xin , Zhang Hua , Wang Jing , Wang Zhenyu 
Published: August 2018

AbstractNatural products have long been used as pharmaceutical actives for the treatment of diseases. More recently, natural products with the ability to self‐assemble to form soft material‐gels, i.e. natural product gelators (NPGs), were discovered. This subverts our traditional insight into natural products as drugs and drives us to elucidate how NPGs form gels. Here, we interpret “why gel” from the perspective of solvents based on the basic theory of thermodynamics for liquids, and then propose the hypothesis of solvent‐induced gel formation in combination with the NPGs with polycyclic structures. This hypothesis provides a complete explanation of how the gelator and solvent play a role in the overall gel formation and helps us to more easily understand the gelation.
One‐step Solvent‐free Synthesis and Grafting of Diazonium Ions at Glassy Carbon Electrodes
Authors: Via Garrhett G. , Shugart Chelsea L. , Melnyk Sophia L. , Hupman Stephanie R. , Cline Kristin K. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractA one‐step method for combined diazonium ion synthesis and electrode grafting was developed. Diazonium salts were synthesized by using a glassy carbon electrode to grind together a water paste of aryl amine, p‐toluenesulfonic acid, and sodium nitrite. Diazonium ion formation was verified by Raman spectroscopy and by a color change upon reaction of the paste with 2‐naphthol. Cyclic voltammetry after grinding electrodes showed characteristic peaks for grafted groups. Diazonium ion synthesis and grafting was achieved with amines including p‐nitroaniline, 2‐aminoanthraquinone, and 5‐amino‐2‐nitrobenzoic acid.
COX Inhibition Profiles and Molecular Docking Studies of the Lignan Hinokinin and Some Synthetic Derivatives
Authors: Borges Alexandre , Casoti Rosana , e Silva Marcio Luis Andrade , da Cunha Nayane Larissa , da Rocha Pissurno Ana Paula , Kawano Daniel Fábio , da Silva de Laurentiz Rosangela 
Published: August 2018

AbstractEncouraged by the anti‐inflammatory activity of hinokinin in vivo, which is also observed for the analogues dinitrohinokinin and diidrocubebin, herein we used in vitro and in silico methods to assess their selectivity profiles and predict their binding modes with Cyclooxygenases (COX‐1 and 2). The in vitro assays demonstrated dinitrohinokinin is about 13 times more selective for COX‐2 than for COX‐1, a similar profile observed for the drugs celecoxib (selective index ≈9) and meloxicam (selective index ≈11). Predictions of the binding modes suggested dinitrohinokinin interacts with COX‐2 very similarly to rofecoxib, exploring residues at the hydrophilic pocket of the enzyme that accessible to ligands only in this isoform. This lignan also interacts with COX‐1 in a similar mode to meloxicam, blocking the access of the substrate to the catalytic cleft. Therefore, dinitrohinokinin is a promising lead for the design of selective COX‐2 inhibitors.
A third molar from Rathfarnham, Dublin, and the patterning cascade model
Authors: Clark Melissa A. , Guatelli‐Steinberg Debbie 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe patterning cascade model (PCM) explains variation in cusp morphology in mammalian teeth. According to the PCM, cusp development is constrained by the time and space available for morphogenesis and by signalling molecules that create inhibitory zones around enamel knots, thereby preventing the formation of new enamel knots within a circumscribed region surrounding previously formed enamel knots. New enamel knots can only form outside of these inhibitory zones. A tooth with more cusps would therefore be expected to have smaller intercusp distances relative to crown size than a tooth with fewer cusps. This paper seeks to ascertain whether a young adult (68:1) excavated from a medieval site in Rathfarnam, County Dublin, Ireland. This unusual six‐cusped, five‐rooted left maxillary third molar was found during an assessment of skeletal remains at the National Museum of Ireland. This tooth deviates from the expected phenotype of between four and five cusps and two and three roots for third molars (M3s). To evaluate whether this tooth conforms to PCM predictions, bucco‐lingual and mesio‐distal diameters and intercusp distances were measured. The approximate crown area is 149.78 mm2. The ratio of intercusp distance to the approximate crown area (i.e., the relative average intercusp distance) is 0.351. This ratio is the lowest in the sample and falls well below the means of the relative average intercusp distance of all M3s (0.496) as well as all molars (0.486) in the sample. These results suggest that the unusual crown morphology of this tooth does not represent a deviation from the PCM. This upper left third molar exhibits partial root completion, whereas the remaining M3s of this individual exhibit complete root growth. We speculate that given the delayed developmental stage of this tooth, its unusual morphology might be related to a shift in developmental timing.
Effects of Diatomaceous Earth Addition on the Microstructure and Gas Permeation of Carbon Molecular Sieving Membranes
Authors: Liu Shanshan , Zhang Bing , Wu Yonghong , Wang Tonghua , Qiu Jieshan 
Published: August 2018

AbstractCarbon molecular sieving (CMS) membranes were successfully prepared using polyimide as precursor and diatomaceous earth (DE) as dopants through the processes of membrane formation and pyrolysis. The thermal stability, surface functional groups, microstructure and morphology of membrane samples were characterized by the thermogravimetric analysis, X‐ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope, respectively. The effects of DE dosage, support and permeation temperature on gas permeation of the CMS membranes were investigated. The results show that the addition of DE improves the thermal stability of precursor and the graphitization degree of derived CMS membranes. The incorporation of DE increases the gas permeability and microporous structure of CMS membranes at a loss of selectivity. The permeability of CMS membranes increases with elevating the permeation temperature. When DE composite CMS membranes are prepared by adding 0.4% DE in starting materials on plate supports, the optimum gas permeability reaches to 998.7 Barrer for H2, 262.3 Barrer for CO2, 231.6 Barrer for O2, along with the selectivity of 20.7 for H2/N2, 5.4 for CO2/N2 and 4.8 for O2/N2.
Green Synthesis of Carbon Dot Weak Gel from Pear Juice: Optical Properties and Sensing Application
Authors: Mondal Jayanta , Srivastava Suneel Kumar 
Published: August 2018

AbstractHerein, we report for the first time a low‐cost and eco‐friendly carbon dot weak gel (CDWG) in the absence of any gelling agent from a pear juice as a green precursor. Our findings showed that the volatile nature of acetone, basic media, and cellulose content in pear juice played key roles in the formation of CDWG. This fabrication strategy of CDWG from a green precursor in absence of gelling agent could be more advantageous over CD‐hybrids gel. Further, the fabricated gel exhibited excitation dependent red shifted multicolor (blue‐green‐yellow‐orange) emission due to the presence of characteristic hydrophilic surface in CDs. The other unique feature of the work involved utilization of inherent fluorescent property of CDs in establishing optical interaction between 0D CDWG and 2D reduced graphene oxide (G) and graphene oxide (GO). It may be concluded that the quenching is mainly guided by the electron rich CDs and electron acceptance ability, large specific surface area of G and GO. It is also interesting to note that the introducing of gel property in CDs exhibit improved sensing efficiency and limit of detection of CDWG (1.5 μg ml−1) for G. Further, such optical sensing could be beneficial for the fabrication of optoelectronics, photovoltaic devices and sensing of bio‐molecules and metal ions.
A Visible‐Light‐Mediated Protocol: One‐Pot‐Three‐Component, Sustainable Synthesis of 1,3,4‐Thiadiazines
Authors: Mishra Anu , Rai Pratibha , Singh Jaya , Singh Jagdamba 
Published: August 2018

AbstractAn expeditious and proficient pH dependent, multicomponent strategy assisted by visible light for the synthesis of highly biologically significant scaffold “1,3,4‐thiadiazines” and its derivatives, has been reported here. The hallmark of the present protocol is the utilization of visible light at room temperature to form C−S and C−N bond via generation of some free radical intermediates followed by intramolecular cyclization without employing harsh reaction conditions. It also includes some other attributes like being environmentally benign and cost effective, involving short reaction time and possessing adaptability towards a wide range of substrates with good to excellent yield of product.
Integrability of conformal blocks. Part I. Calogero-Sutherland scattering theory
Authors: Isachenkov Mikhail , Schomerus Volker 
Published: August 2018

AbstractConformal blocks are the central ingredient of the conformal bootstrap programme. We elaborate on our recent observation that uncovered a relation with wave functions of an integrable Calogero-Sutherland Hamiltonian in order to develop a systematic theory of conformal blocks. Our main goal here is to review central ingredients of the Heckman-Opdam theory for scattering states of Calogero-Sutherland models with special emphasis to the relation with scalar 4-point blocks. We will also discuss a number of direct consequences for conformal blocks, including a new series expansion for blocks of arbitrary complex spin and a complete analysis of their poles and residues. Applications to the Froissart-Gribov formula for conformal field theory, as well as extensions to spinning blocks and defects are briefly discussed before we conclude with an outlook on forthcoming work concerning algebraic consequences of integrability.
An open-label feasibility study of nintedanib combined with docetaxel in Japanese patients with locally advanced or metastatic lung adenocarcinoma after failure of first-line chemotherapy
Authors: Yamamoto Noboru , Kenmotsu Hirotsugu , Goto Koichi , Takeda Koji , Kato Terufumi , Takeda Masayuki , Horinouchi Hidehito , Saito Isao , Sarashina Akiko , Tanaka Tetsuya , Morsli Nassim , Nakagawa Kazuhiko 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Purpose
This open-label feasibility study assessed the tolerability of nintedanib 200 mg in combination with docetaxel 75 mg/m2 as a starting dose in Japanese patients with a body surface area (BSA) < 1.5 m2 and locally advanced or metastatic lung adenocarcinoma.

Methods
Eligible patients received docetaxel 75 mg/m2 every 21 days and nintedanib administered at 200 mg twice daily (bid), starting on day 2 of each cycle. Treatment was continued until disease progression or undue toxicity. The primary endpoint was the number of patients experiencing dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs) in cycle 1 (days 1–21).

Results
Of 10 treated patients, 2 patients (20%) experienced DLTs during cycle 1. These DLTs were grade 3 liver enzyme elevations [alanine aminotransferase (2 patients) and aspartate aminotransferase (2 patients)], and grade 2 hyperbilirubinemia (1 patient). Nine patients met the predefined criteria for nintedanib 200 mg bid plus docetaxel 75 mg/m2 to be considered a tolerable starting dose. All patients experienced ≥ 1 adverse event (AE) during the treatment period (all drug-related), but no patients experienced AEs that led to discontinuation of nintedanib. Of the five serious AEs reported during treatment, none were drug-related. There was no apparent effect of nintedanib on the pharmacokinetics of docetaxel. The objective response and disease control rates were 40 and 70%, respectively.

Conclusion
Nintedanib 200 mg bid plus docetaxel 75 mg/m2 is a tolerable starting dose in Japanese patients with a BSA < 1.5 m2 with locally advanced or metastatic lung adenocarcinoma.

ClinicalTrials.gov number
NCT02300298.
Tricky to track: comparing different tagging methods for tracing beechnut dispersal by small mammals
Authors: Kempter Iris , Nopp‐Mayr Ursula , Hausleithner Christa , Gratzer Georg 
Published: August 2018

AbstractSeed hoarding animals may distinctly impact individual fitness of plants as well as plant community dynamics in terms of differential seed consumption and seed dispersal. Addressing methodological challenges and constraints in understanding the role of seed dispersal mutualisms, we tested different seed tagging methods for relatively small seeds. We selected two study areas with dense ground vegetation, irregular terrain, and seed predator guilds with comparatively high dispersal and seed removal potential. We tested three different tagging methods, offering untagged and tagged seeds on experimental dishes: (1) wire threads with plastic flags fixed with solvent‐free glue, (2) wire threads with plastic flags twisted around a beechnut, (3) and radio‐transmitters fixed with solvent‐free glue. Seed predators did not show any preferences for tagged or untagged seeds or for a certain tagging method at any point of time. Instead, both tagged seeds and untagged control seeds were removed from the dishes to a high degree (up to 100%) after 25–35 days. In both study areas, seeds with radio‐transmitters experienced longer transport distances with a maximum of nearly 60 m and distances also differed between study areas. In one study area, higher portions of radio‐tagged seeds could be recovered than for the flag‐tagged seeds. Significantly more seeds tagged with radio‐transmitters were cached than expected. Given the advantages and limitations of each approach, a combination of flag‐tagging and radio‐telemetry (not on the same seed) may be the best solution for tracking seed fate in dense vegetation or irregular terrain.
Flow of liquids through paper
Authors: MacDonald Brendan D. 
Published: August 2018

The flow of liquids through paper is challenging to model due to the complexity and disordered layout of the fibre matrix. The expanding use and capability of microfluidic paper-based analytical devices ($\unicode[STIX]{x1D707}$PADs) and their requirement for precision has increased the need to accurately predict the flow of liquids through paper. Many studies have developed models and revealed some of the physical mechanisms responsible for the flow behaviour, but we still lack a complete understanding, particularly in relation to how the fluid fills the various voids with a wide range of shapes and sizes in the fibre matrix of paper. In the featured article, Changet al. (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 845, 2018, 36–50) used a combined experimental and theoretical approach to uncover the importance of the liquid filling the intra-fibre pores, showed that this results in deviation from the flow behaviour predicted by the Lucas–Washburn equation and developed a model which accounts for this effect.
Bending Analysis of Stented Coronary Artery: the Interaction Between Stent and Vessel
Authors: Shen X. , Deng Y. Q. , Ji S. , Zhu H. F. , Jiang J. B. , Gu L. X. 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACTVessel flexure can be triggered naturally by surgical operation, heart pulsation and body movement. It may affect the mechanical behavior of the stent and the existence of a stent may in turn cause vessel injury. In the present study, the finite element method is employed to study the interaction between stent and vessel during vessel flexure. Two- and four-link stents made of stainless steel 316L and magnesium alloy WE43 are considered. Results indicate that longitudinal deformation of the stent can be caused by vessel flexure, and the higher levels of stress exist in the link struts. The existence of the stent could induce significant stress concentration and straightened deformation on vessel wall in the course of vessel flexure. Stents with more links or made of harder materials show greater anti-deformation capability, thus inducing a more severe stress concentration and straightened deformation on the vessel wall. The bending direction also affects the mechanical performance of the vessel-stent system. The results obtained could provide useful information for better stent designs and clinical decisions.