bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physicochemical and functional properties of sweetpotato flour
Authors: Cui Rongbin , Zhu Fan 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDSweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas Lam.) is a major starchy crop with great agricultural significance in many countries. There is a need to assess more genetic resources for sweetpotato quality improvement. This study aims to analyze physicochemical properties of whole (unpeeled) root flours from seven New Zealand sweetpotato varieties with commercial significance. Using whole unpeeled plants for ‘healthy’ food formulations becomes more popular due to nutritional effects and environmental concerns.RESULTSGreat variations were found in chemical composition, in vitro antioxidant activities, swelling power, water solubility index, in vitro digestibility, thermal, pasting and gel textural properties of the seven flours. The antioxidant activities and phenolic contents were higher in the color‐fleshed samples. Correlation analysis showed that the swelling, pasting and texture properties were largely affected by the activity of the endogenous amylase. Principal component analysis was done in four aspects including chemical composition, mineral content, antioxidant activities and functional properties to analyze the similarity and difference among these seven sweetpotato varieties.CONCLUSIONThe seven sweetpotato flours showed a wide range of functionalities and will be useful for the formulations of diverse and ‘healthy’ sweetpotato‐based products. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Improved stability in organic light‐emitting devices by mixing ambipolar and wide energy gap hosts
Authors: Bangsund John S. , Hershey Kyle W. , Rathwell Dominea C. K. , Na Hong‐Yeop , Jeon Jeong‐Hwan , Trefonas Peter , Holmes Russell J. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractWe demonstrate improved stability in phosphorescent organic light‐emitting devices (OLEDs) by incorporating a wide energy gap host material into an ambipolar emissive layer. Unlike conventional mixed‐host OLEDs that combine hole‐ and electron‐transporting hosts, charge transport in this device occurs primarily along the ambipolar host and the emitter, while the wide energy gap host serves to modify the charge injection and transport characteristics of the emissive layer. This approach allows both the width and position of the exciton recombination zone to be tuned without introducing exciplex states. Whereas overall device stability improves with increasing recombination zone width in conventional mixed‐host OLEDs, mixing in this system reduces the recombination zone extent yet still increases device lifetime. By decoupling luminance losses into the photostability of the emitter and the exciton formation efficiency, we show that this enhancement arises from a trade‐off between bulk and interfacial degradation. The addition of the wide energy gap host moves the recombination zone away from the interface between the hole‐transport layer and the emissive layer, sacrificing a modest increase in bulk degradation to substantially reduce interfacial degradation. We find that the lifetime can be improved by 50% by balancing these competing degradation pathways.
Novel 4T1C pixel circuit for high image quality OLEDoS microdisplays
Authors: Li Hong Ge , Guo Xiao Yu , Lu Hui Yuan , Shao Xibin , Yang Dongfang , Wang Xiang 
Published: March 2019

AbstractA novel pixel circuit with a bulk‐driven technique is proposed for high image quality organic light‐emitting diode‐on‐silicon (OLEDoS) microdisplays. The proposed pixel circuit based on bulk‐driven technique achieves a wide input voltage range and nanoampere (nA) emission current. The experiment results based on the 0.18 μm 1P5M CMOS process is demonstrated. The input data voltage width of the proposed circuit is approximately 2.6 V. The ratio of the input voltage range to the supply voltage based on bulk‐driven 4T1C is 78.82%.
High‐efficiency switchable optical elements for advanced head‐up displays
Authors: Zhan Tao , Lee Yun‐Han , Xiong Jianghao , Tan Guanjun , Yin Kun , Yang Jilin , Liu Sheng , Wu Shin‐Tson 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe Pancharatnam‐Berry optical elements (PBOEs) are utilized to enhance the performance of head‐up displays (HUDs). The Pancharatnam‐Berry lenses (PBLs) provide varifocal functionality and compensate chromatic aberrations, while the Pancharatnam‐Berry deflectors (PBDs) can function as optical combiners and waveguide couplers. Moreover, the Rigorous coupled wave analysis (RCWA) based on the scattering matrix is developed and applied in the structure optimization of PBOEs for HUD applications.
Clinical Value of Fused PET/MRI for Surgical Planning in Patients With Oral/Oropharyngeal Carcinoma
Authors: Hayashi Kazuki , Kikuchi Masahiro , Imai Yukihiro , Yamashita Daisuke , Hino Megumu , Ito Kyo , Shimizu Keiji , Harada Hiroyuki , Shinohara Shogo 
Published: March 2019

Objectives/HypothesisTo evaluate the usefulness of fused positron emission tomography (PET)/magnetic resonance (MR) images for surgical planning in patients with oral/oropharyngeal cancer and suspected mandibular invasion.Study DesignIndividual cohort study.MethodsEleven of 17 patients with suspected mandibular invasion of squamous cell carcinoma of the lower gingiva, oropharynx, and buccal mucosa who underwent 18F‐fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/computed tomography (CT) and contrast‐enhanced MR imaging (MRI) and had fused PET/MR images were enrolled in this study. The area for surgical resection was determined based on the fused images. The usefulness of these images was confirmed by comparing them with the histopathologic findings in the resected tumors.ResultsHistopathologic evaluation of the surgical specimens revealed that nine of the 11 patients had invasion into the mandible and/or medial pterygoid muscle. All patients had a negative surgical margin. The sensitivity and specificity for detection of mandibular/medial pterygoid muscle invasion was 100%/40% and 83%/100% by fused PET/MRI, respectively, and 100%/20% and 100%/60% by PET/CT, respectively. Interobserver reproducibility between two radiologists/nuclear medicine physicians and two head and neck surgeons showed that the only statistically significant κ values were for PET/MRI.ConclusionsPET/MRI can be easily understood by head and neck surgeons, who are not diagnostic imaging professionals, and can be used when planning the area to be surgically resected in patients with oral/oropharyngeal cancer and clinically suspected mandibular invasion. Considering the expense of a hybrid PET/MRI system, creation of a fused PET/MR image would provide a reasonable and reliable tool for clinical use in these patients.Level of Evidence2b Laryngoscope, 130:367–374, 2020
Recruitment of Arctic deep‐sea invertebrates: Results from a long‐term hard‐substrate colonization experiment at the Long‐Term Ecological Research observatory HAUSGARTEN
Authors: Meyer‐Kaiser Kirstin , Bergmann Melanie , Soltwedel Thomas , Klages Michael 
Published: March 2019

AbstractFor benthic marine invertebrates, recruitment strongly influences the composition and abundance of resulting communities. We present the results of a long‐term (1999–2017) colonization experiment at the Long‐Term Ecological Research observatory HAUSGARTEN in the Fram Strait (Arctic Ocean, 79°N, 04°E, 2500 m water depth). Recruitment panels were constructed from plastic and brick and deployed attached to a metal frame in 1999. The experiment was monitored using a remotely operated vehicle in 2003 and 2011 and recovered in 2017. Recruitment was very low, with only foraminiferans being visible after 4 yr (2003) and one metazoan species, the hydroid Halisiphonia arctica, being visible on the panels after 12 yr (2011). After 18 yr underwater, panels were colonized by 13 metazoan species as well as calcareous and agglutinating foraminiferans. Recruitment was higher on brick panels than on plastic, but while some species were more common on panels at higher altitude (H. arctica and the crinoid Bathycrinus carpenterii), others were more common on panels closer to the seafloor (serpulid polychaetes) or on panels in line with the predominant bottom current (small round white sponges). The most common species recruiting to our panels can be described as opportunistic. Meanwhile, large hexactinellid sponges that are common in natural communities did not recruit to our panels. These results suggest that community assembly in the Arctic deep sea takes much longer than the two decades spanned by this study.
Dry phase conditions prime wet‐phase dissolved organic matter dynamics in intermittent rivers
Authors: del Campo Rubén , Gómez Rosa , Singer Gabriel 
Published: March 2019

AbstractDuring the dry phase of intermittent rivers, diverse particulate organic materials, such as leaf litter or macrophytes, remain on dry riverbeds. Together with riverbed sediments, these organic substrates are exposed to various environmental conditions that can alter their chemical composition, with potential implications for later use by heterotroph consumers when flow is re‐established. Here, we investigate how different environmental conditions during the dry phase alter quantity, composition, and biodegradability of dissolved organic matter (DOM) leached from dry riverbeds. To this end, we simulated the “preconditioning” of various DOM sources during a dry phase of 60 d under conditions mimicking open‐ and closed‐canopy rivers. Over the whole experiment, we produced leachates for measurements of nutrients and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentration, DOM characterization by absorbance and fluorescence measurements and ultrahigh‐resolution mass spectrometry, and DOM biodegradability. We found that rain, solar radiation, and its associated heat greatly affected leached DOM quantity, composition, and biodegradability. Under open‐canopy conditions, sporadic rain caused the impoverishment of nutrients and DOC by leaching, whereas intense solar radiation and associated heat resulted in a drop of DOM quality and biodegradability by accelerated humification of DOM. In contrast, the preconditioning of DOM sources under a closed canopy barely affected DOM quality and biodegradability because of the protection from rain, solar radiation, and heat by the forest vegetation. Our results suggest that contrasting environmental conditions during the dry phase in open‐ vs. closed‐canopy intermittent rivers can translate into radically different DOM processing during the early wet phase.
Simultaneous 3D whole‐heart bright‐blood and black blood imaging for cardiovascular anatomy and wall assessment with interleaved T2prep‐IR
Authors: Milotta Giorgia , Ginami Giulia , Cruz Gastao , Neji Radhouene , Prieto Claudia , Botnar René M. 
Published: March 2019

PurposeTo develop a motion‐corrected 3D flow‐insensitive imaging approach interleaved T2 prepared‐inversion recovery (iT2prep‐IR) for simultaneous lumen and wall visualization of the great thoracic vessels and cardiac structures.MethodsA 3D flow‐insensitive approach for simultaneous cardiovascular lumen and wall visualization (iT2prep) has been previously proposed. This approach requires subject‐dependent weighted subtraction to completely null the arterial blood signal in the black‐blood volume. Here, we propose an (T2prep‐IR) approach to improve wall visualization and remove need for weighted subtraction. The proposed sequence is based on the acquisition and direct subtraction of 2 interleaved 3D whole‐heart data sets acquired with and without T2prep‐IR preparation. Image navigators are acquired before data acquisition to enable 2D translational and 3D non‐rigid motion correction allowing 100% respiratory scan efficiency. The proposed approach was evaluated in 10 healthy subjects and compared with the conventional 2D double inversion recovery (DIR) sequence and the 3D iT2prep sequence. Additionally, 5 patients with congenital heart disease were acquired to test the clinical feasibility of the proposed approach.ResultsThe proposed iT2prep‐IR sequence showed improved blood nulling compared to both DIR and iT2prep techniques in terms of SNR (SNRblood = 6.9, 12.2, and 18.2, respectively) and contrast‐to‐noise‐ratio (CNRmyoc‐blood = 28.4, 15.4, and 15.3, respectively). No statistical difference was observed between iT2prep‐IR, iT2prep and DIR atrial and ventricular wall thickness quantification.ConclusionThe proposed interleaved T2prep‐IR sequence enables the simultaneous lumen and wall visualization of cardiac structures and shows promising results in terms of SNR, CNR, and wall thickness measurement.
Clinical spectrum of neuropathy after primary total knee arthroplasty: A series of 54 cases
Authors: Speelziek Scott J.A. , Staff Nathan P. , Johnson Rebecca L. , Sierra Rafael J. , Laughlin Ruple S. 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACTIntroductionNeuropathy after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) can cause significant morbidity but is inconsistently reported.MethodsWe reviewed the clinical, electrodiagnostic and perioperative features of all patients who underwent primary TKA at our institution and developed a new neuropathy within 8 weeks postoperatively.ResultsFifty‐four cases were identified (incidence 0.37% [95% confidence interval, 0.28–0.49]) affecting the following nerve(s): peroneal (37), sciatic (11), ulnar (2), tibial (2), sural (1), and lumbosacral plexus (1). In all cases with follow‐up data, motor recovery typically occurred within 1 year and was complete or near‐complete.ConclusionsPost‐TKA neuropathy is uncommon, typically does not require intervention and usually resolves within 1 year. Post‐TKA neuropathy most often affects the nerves surgically at risk. Anesthesia type does not correlate with post‐TKA neuropathy. An inflammatory etiology for post‐TKA neuropathy is rare but should be considered in specific cases. Muscle Nerve 59:679–682, 2019
An interface‐condition substitution strategy for theoretical study of dissolution‐timescale reactive infiltration instability in fluid‐saturated porous rocks
Authors: Zhao Chongbin , Hobbs Bruce E. , Ord Alison 
Published: March 2019

SummaryA theoretical study of reactive infiltration instability is conducted on the dissolution timescale. In the present theoretical study, the transient behavior of a dissolution‐timescale reactive infiltration system needs to be considered, so that the upstream region of the chemical dissolution front should be finite. In addition, the chemical dissolution front of finite thickness should be considered on the dissolution timescale. Owing to these different considerations, it is very difficult, even in some special cases, to derive the first‐order perturbation solutions of the reactive infiltration system on the dissolution timescale. To overcome this difficulty, an interface‐condition substitution strategy is proposed in this paper. The basic idea behind the proposed strategy is that although the first‐order perturbation equations in the downstream region cannot be directly solved in a purely mathematical manner, they should hold at the planar reference front, which is the interface between the upstream region and the downstream region. This can lead to two new equations at the interface. The main advantage of using the proposed interface‐condition substitution strategy is that through using the original interface conditions as a bridge, the perturbation solutions for the dimensionless acid concentration, dimensionless Darcy velocity, and their derivatives involved in the two new equations at the interface can be evaluated just by using the obtained analytical solutions in the upstream region. The proposed strategy has been successfully used to derive the dimensionless growth rate, which is the key issue associated with the theoretical study of dissolution‐timescale reactive infiltration instability in fluid‐saturated porous rocks.
Chromosomal microarray analysis in fetuses with an isolated congenital heart defect: A retrospective, nationwide, multicenter study in France
Authors: Hureaux Marguerite , Guterman Sarah , Hervé Bérénice , Till Marianne , Jaillard Sylvie , Redon Sylvie , Valduga Myléne , Coutton Charles , Missirian Chantal , Prieur Fabienne , Simon‐Bouy Brigitte , Beneteau Claire , Kuentz Paul , Rooryck Caroline , Gruchy Nicolas , Marle Nathalie , Plutino Morgane , Tosca Lucie , Dupont Celine , Puechberty Jacques , Schluth‐Bolard Caroline , Salomon Laurent , Sanlaville Damien , Malan Valérie , Vialard François 
Published: March 2019

AbstractObjectivesCongenital heart defects (CHDs) may be isolated or associated with other malformations. The use of chromosome microarray (CMA) can increase the genetic diagnostic yield for CHDs by between 4% and 10%. The objective of this study was to evaluate the value of CMA after the prenatal diagnosis of an isolated CHD.MethodsIn a retrospective, nationwide study performed in France, we collected data on all cases of isolated CHD that had been explored using CMAs in 2015.ResultsA total of 239 fetuses were included and 33 copy number variations (CNVs) were reported; 19 were considered to be pathogenic, six were variants of unknown significance, and eight were benign variants. The anomaly detection rate was 10.4% overall but ranged from 0% to 16.7% as a function of the isolated CHD in question. The known CNVs were 22q11.21 deletions (n = 10), 22q11.21 duplications (n = 2), 8p23 deletions (n = 2), an Alagille syndrome (n = 1), and a Kleefstra syndrome (n = 1).ConclusionThe additional diagnostic yield was clinically significant (3.1%), even when anomalies in the 22q11.21 region were not taken into account. Hence, patients with a suspected isolated CHD and a normal karyotype must be screened for chromosome anomalies other than 22q11.21 duplications and deletions.
The clinical effects of purslane (Portulaca oleracea) seeds on metabolic profiles in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Gheflati Alireza , Adelnia Elham , Nadjarzadeh Azadeh 
Published: March 2019

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common form of chronic liver diseases associated with unfavorable metabolic profiles and oxidative stress parameters. This study was designed to determine the effects of purslane seeds consumption with a low‐calorie diet on insulin resistance, lipid profile, and oxidative stress indices in patients with NAFLD. This randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted on 54 individuals with NAFLD. Subjects were randomly assigned to consume either 10 g/day of purslane seeds sachet before breakfast and dinner in addition to a low‐calorie diet (n = 27) or only the low‐calorie diet (n = 27) for 8 weeks. Fasting blood samples were collected at the beginning and end of the study to measure relevant variables. Intake of purslane seeds with the low‐calorie diet led to a significant decrease in serum concentrations of fasting blood sugar (FBS; −3.52 ± 10.45 compared with 3.03 ± 9.01 mg/dl, P = 0.017), quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI; 0.13 ± 0.27 compared with −0.002 ± 0.016, P = 0.017), total cholesterol (4.33 ± 34.04 compared with 23.48 ± 29.47 mg/dl, P = 0.032), and low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C; −4.35 ± 22.65 compared with 11.82 ± 16.08 mg/dl, P = 0.004) after intervention. Compared with the control group, purslane seeds consumption with adherence to a low‐calorie diet had beneficial effects on FBS, HOMA‐IR, QUICKI, serum total, and LDL‐C in patients with NAFLD but did not affect other glycemic, lipid profile, and oxidative stress parameters.
Simultaneous design of AWC and nonlinear controller for uncertain nonlinear systems under input saturation
Authors: Hussain Muntazir , Rehan Muhammad , Ahn Choon Ki , Hong Keum‐Shik , Saqib Najam us 
Published: March 2019

SummaryThis article addresses a novel technique for the simultaneous design of a robust nonlinear controller and static anti‐windup compensator (AWC) for uncertain nonlinear systems under actuator saturation and exogenous
bounded input. The system is presumed to have locally Lipschitz nonlinearities, time‐varying uncertainties (appearing both in the linear as well as nonlinear dynamics and both in the state in addition to the output equations), and external norm‐bounded inputs both in the state and the output equations. Several bilinear matrix inequality–based conditions are derived to simultaneously design the robust nonlinear controller and AWC gains for uncertain nonlinear systems by employing the Lyapunov functional, reformulated Lipschitz property, uncertainty bounds, linear parameter‐varying approach, modified local and global sector conditions, iterative linear matrix inequality algorithm, convex optimization procedure, and
gain minimization. The proposed multiobjective AWC‐based dynamic robust nonlinear controller guarantees the mitigation of saturation effects, robustness against time‐varying parametric norm‐bounded uncertainties, the asymptotic stability of the closed‐loop nonlinear system under zero external disturbances, and the attenuation of disturbance effects under nonzero external disturbances. The effectiveness of the proposed AWC‐based dynamic robust nonlinear controller synthesis scheme is illustrated by simulation examples.
Adaptive practical preassigned finite‐time stability for a class of pure‐feedback systems with full state constraints
Authors: Liu Yang , Liu Xiaoping , Jing Yuanwei 
Published: March 2019

SummaryThis paper focuses on an adaptive practical preassigned finite‐time control problem for a class of unknown pure‐feedback nonlinear systems with full state constraints. Two new concepts, called preassigned finite‐time function and practical preassigned finite‐time stability, are defined. In order to achieve the main result, the pure‐feedback system is first transformed into an affine strict‐feedback nonlinear system based on the mean value theorem. Then, an adaptive preassigned finite‐time controller is obtained based on a modified barrier Lyapunov function and backstepping technique. Finally, simulation examples are exhibited to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.
Uncovering the Mechanism Behind the Improved Stability of 2D Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Perovskites
Authors: Shi Zhiming , Cao Zhen , Sun Xiaojuan , Jia Yuping , Li Dabing , Cavallo Luigi , Schwingenschlögl Udo 
Published: March 2019

Abstract2D organic–inorganic hybrid perovskites (OIHPs) may resolve the stability problem of bulk OIHPs. First‐principles calculations are employed to investigate the mechanism behind their favorable material properties. Two processes are identified to play a critical role: First, the 2D structure supports additional distortions that enhance the intrinsic structural stability. Second, the surface terminations of 2D OIHPs suppress degradation effects due to humidity. Having uncovered the stabilization mechanism, 2D OIHPs are designed with optimal stability and favorable electronic properties.