bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long‐term high altitude hypoxia during gestation suppresses large conductance Ca2+‐activated K+ channel function in uterine arteries: a causal role for microRNA‐210
Authors: Hu Xiang‐Qun , Dasgupta Chiranjib , Xiao Jeffery , Yang Shumei , Zhang Lubo 
Published: June 2018

Key points
Gestational hypoxia represses ten–eleven translocation methylcytosine dioxygenase 1 (TET1) expression in uterine arteries, which is recovered by inhibiting endogenous miR‐210.
Inhibition of miR‐210 rescues BKCa channel expression and current in uterine arteries of pregnant animals acclimatized to high altitude hypoxia in a TET‐dependent manner.
miR‐210 blockade restores BKCa channel‐mediated relaxations and attenuates pressure‐dependent myogenic tone in uterine arteries of pregnant animals acclimatized to high altitude.
AbstractGestational hypoxia at high altitude has profound adverse effects on the uteroplacental circulation, and is associated with increased incidence of preeclampsia and fetal intrauterine growth restriction. Previous studies demonstrated that suppression of large‐conductance Ca2+‐activated K+ (BKCa) channel function played a critical role in the maladaptation of uteroplacental circulation caused by gestational hypoxia. Yet, the mechanisms underlying gestational hypoxia‐induced BKCa channel repression remain undetermined. The present study investigated a causal role of microRNA‐210 (miR‐210) in hypoxia‐mediated repression of BKCa channel expression and function in uterine arteries using a sheep model. The results revealed that gestational hypoxia significantly decreased ten–eleven translocation methylcytosine dioxygenase 1 (TET1) expression in uterine arteries, which was recovered by inhibiting endogenous miR‐210 with miR‐210 locked nucleic acid (miR‐210‐LNA). Of importance, miR‐210‐LNA restored BKCa channel β1 subunit expression in uterine arteries, which was blocked by a competitive TET inhibitor, fumarate, thus functionally linking miR‐210 to the TET1–BKCa channel cascade. In addition, miR‐210‐LNA reversed hypoxia‐mediated suppression of BKCa channel function and rescued the effect of steroid hormones in upregulating BKCa channel expression and function in uterine arteries, which were also ablated by fumarate. Collectively, the present study demonstrates a causative effect of miR‐210 in the downregulation of TET1 and subsequent repression of BKCa channel expression and function, providing a novel mechanistic insight into the regulation of BKCa channel function and the molecular basis underlying the maladaptation of uterine vascular function in gestational hypoxia.
Early excessive growth with distinct seasonality in preschool obesity
Authors: Isojima Tsuyoshi , Kato Noriko , Yokoya Susumu , Ono Atsushi , Tanaka Toshiaki , Yokomichi Hiroshi , Yamagata Zentaro , Tanaka Soichiro , Matsubara Hiroko , Ishikuro Mami , Kikuya Masahiro , Chida Shoichi , Hosoya Mitsuaki , Kuriyama Shinichi , Kure Shigeo 
Published: June 2018

ObjectivesHealthy-weight children tend to gain weight during winter but lose weight during summer. However, overweight elementary school children have shown accelerated summertime weight gain. Whether this seasonal growth variation occurs during preschool period is of substantial interest.MethodsData were derived from a nationwide retrospective cohort of nursery school children. Eight consecutive sets of longitudinal measurements on height and weight were obtained from 15 259 preschool children. Thereafter, growth in height, weight and body mass index (BMI) over a period of 6 months was calculated. Summertime growth was defined as that from April to October, whereas wintertime growth was defined as that from October to April of the following year. Longitudinal growth seasonality was analysed by classifying children according to their BMI status at the age of elementary school entry.ResultsAccelerated summertime weight and BMI gain were observed among children with obesity. This distinctive growth seasonality was detected from around age 2. Children having this growth seasonality at approximately 2 years of age tended to be obese at the age of elementary school entry (OR: 3.7; 95% CI: 2.9 to 4.6; p<0.0001). In height gain, obese children were growing apparently faster than those in the other groups at all ages.ConclusionEarly excessive growth with distinct seasonality was observed in preschool obese children. These findings suggest that individuals involved in child healthcare should pay closer attention to early excessive growth with distinct seasonality in preschool obesity.
Using mHealth tools to improve access, coverage and treatment of uninsured people with high cardiovascular disease risk in Argentina: a study protocol for a pragmatic cluster randomised trial
Authors: Abrahams-Gessel Shafika , Beratarrechea Andrea , Irazola Vilma , Gutierrez Laura , Moyano Daniela , Fernandez Ariel , Ciganda Alvaro , Celis Leo Anthony , Winkler Eric , Rubinstein Adolfo , Gaziano Thomas A 
Published: June 2018

IntroductionCardiovascular disease (CVD) accounts for approximately one-third of Argentina’s deaths. Despite government provision of free primary care health services to the uninsured population, with a focus on non-communicable diseases, screening and management of those with high CVD risk at primary care clinics (PCCs) remain low.Methods and analysisThis pragmatic cluster randomised trial will take place in two provinces of Argentina and will recruit 740 participants. Eight PCCs will be randomised to either the intervention or current practice arm. Community health workers (CHWs) in the intervention arm will be trained to use a set of integrated mHealth tools (a validated risk screening tool mobile application; electronic scheduling system using wireless access to PCCs; and educational text messages) to screen for CVD and to schedule appointments with primary care providers for persons with high CVD risk (≥10%). The primary aims of this study are to determine if the use of mHealth tools will (1) increase attendance of first appointments scheduled by CHWs for persons determined to have high risk for CVD during screening and, (2) lead to an increase in follow-up visits at PCCs by high risk patients. Secondary outcomes include assessing the proportion of high-risk patients receiving appropriate medications and a cost-effective analysis of the intervention.Ethics and disseminationThis study has been approved by the Institutional Review Boards at Partners/Brigham and Women’s Hospital (USA) and the Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires (Argentina). The open-source software for the mHealth tools will be made publicly available at the end of the study.Trial registration numberNCT02913339.
Effects of a blend of organic acids and medium-chain fatty acids with and without Enterococcus faecium on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood parameters, and meat quality in finishing pigs
Authors: Lei Xin Jian , Lee Sang In , Lee Kwang Yong , Nguyen Dinh Hai , Kim In Ho 
Published: June 2018

An experiment was conducted to assess effects of Enterococcus faecium and a blend of organic acids (OAs) and medium-chain fatty acids (MCFAs) in finishing pigs. A total of 120 pigs [Duroc × (Yorkshire × Landrace); 51.04 ± 1.82 kg] were randomly assigned to five dietary treatments: CON, basal diet; BOM1, CON + 500 mg kg−1 blend of OAs and MCFAs; BOM2, CON + 1000 mg kg−1 blend of OAs and MCFAs; EBOM1, BOM1 + 20 mg kg−1 E. faecium; EBOM2, BOM2 + 20 mg kg−1 E. faecium. Pigs fed EBOM1 and EBOM2 diets had higher average daily gain and average daily feed intake (during days 36–70 and days 1–70) and greater digestibility of dry matter (days 35 and 70) compared with those fed BOM1 and BOM2 diets (P < 0.05). However, no differences on blood parameters and meat quality were observed between pigs offered BOM1 and BOM2 diets and those fed EBOM1 and EBOM2 diets (P > 0.05). In conclusion, supplementation with the combination of E. faecium and a blend of OAs and MCFAs was more effective in improving growth performance and nutrient digestibility than supplementation with blend of OAs and MCFAs alone in finishing pigs.
Effects of dried citrus pulp and fermented medicinal plants on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood characteristics, and meat quality in growing–finishing pigs
Authors: Lei Xin Jian , Kim Yong Min , Kim In Ho 
Published: June 2018

The present experiment was conducted to determine the effects of dried citrus pulp and fermented medicinal plants in growing–finishing pigs. A total of 96 pigs (62.34 ± 1.96 kg body weight) were randomly allotted into three dietary treatments: (1) control, basal diet (CON); (2) diet containing 10% dried citrus pulp (DCP); (3) diet containing 10% dried citrus pulp supplemented with 0.1% fermented medicinal plants (DCPFMP). From weeks 0 to 5 and 0 to 10, pigs fed the DCPFMP diet had significantly decreased (P < 0.05) average daily feed intake and increased (P < 0.05) gain:feed ratio compared with those fed the CON diet. The apparent total tract digestibility of gross energy was greater (P < 0.05), and serum total cholesterol concentration was decreased (P < 0.05) for pigs fed the DCPFMP diet compared with those fed the DCP diet in week 10. In addition, an increase (P < 0.05) in Longissimus muscle area was observed for pigs fed the DCPFMP diet compared with those fed the CON diet. In conclusion, supplementation with fermented medicinal plants in a diet containing 10% dried citrus pulp improved growth performance and Longissimus muscle area and lowered serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and total cholesterol concentrations.
Comparative efficacy of antibiotic growth promoter and benzoic acid on growth performance, nutrient utilization, and indices of gut health in nursery pigs fed corn–soybean meal diet
Authors: Kiarie E. , Voth C. , Wey D. , Zhu C. , Vingerhoeds P. , Borucki S. , Squires E.J. 
Published: June 2018

Benzoic acid (BA) supplement was evaluated as an alternative to antimicrobial growth promoter (AGP). Ninety-six piglets (21-d-old at weaning) were placed in pens (four piglets pen−1) based on body weight (BW) and allocated (n = 8) to either control corn–soybean meal diet or control + in-feed antibiotic (AGP, 220 mg chlortetracycline hydrochloride and 31.2 mg tiamulin kg−1) or control + 0.5% BA. Feed intake and BW were measured weekly. Fecal scores for incidence of diarrhea and fecal samples for apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of components were taken in week 2. One pig per pen was euthanized on day 14 for jejunal histomorphology and digesta for pH and short-chain fatty acids concentration. In weeks 1–6, pigs fed AGP and BA had better (P < 0.01) gain to feed ratio compared with control fed pigs. On day 12, pigs fed AGP and BA showed lower (P = 0.01) fecal score than control fed pigs. Pigs fed BA had (P < 0.05) higher ATTD of crude protein and taller villi compared with the control or AGP fed pigs. Pigs fed AGP showed higher (P = 0.05) lactic acid concentrations than pigs fed BA, however, none differed (P > 0.05) with control pigs. In conclusion, BA supported piglet growth performance to the same extent as AGP.
Temporal Trends in Helicobacter pylori Eradication Success in a Test-and-Treat Population
Authors: Boltin Doron , Schmilovitz-Weiss  Hemda , Gingold-Belfer Rachel , Leibovitzh  Haim , Snir Yifat  , Perets  Tsachi Tsadok , Dickman Ram , Levi Zohar , Niv Yaron 
Published: June 2018

Background/Aims: Although the efficacy of first-line treatment for Helicobacter pylori infection should aim to be > 90%, it is unclear whether this target has been achieved in Israel. We aimed to determine the success rate of treatment for H. pylori and to describe temporal changes in our region. Methods: Adult patients who underwent a first-time ­C13-urea breath test (C13-UBT) at Clalit Health Services between January 1, 2010 and December 31, 2015 were included. In order to isolate a naïve “test-and-treat” population who were unlikely to have undergone an initial endoscopy-based H. pylori test, we excluded patients ≥45 years and those with any previous C13-UBT. Results: A total of 94,590 subjects (36.1% male, age 28.5 ± 6.0) who underwent at least one C13-UBT during the study period were included. C13-UBT was positive in 48,509 (51.3%) subjects. A confirmatory post-treatment C13-UBT was performed in 37.8, 44.1, 46.6, and 45.9% following 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th-line treatment respectively. Eradication was successful in 65.4% following first-line treatment, and eradication success improved during the study period (59.2, 63.3, 65.7, 66.0, 69.0, and 73.1% in 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, and 2015 respectively; OR 1.11; 95% CI 1.09–1.13; p < 0.0001). Eradication was successful in 44.7% following second-line treatment, although eradication success did not significantly improve during the study period (OR 1.05; 95% CI 0.99–1.10; p = 0.09). Conclusions: Despite the increasing success of first-line treatment for H. pylori infection over the study period, eradication rates remain suboptimal. Initiatives to implement the Toronto and Maastricht Consensus Reports should be advanced.
Association of admission vs. nadir serum albumin concentration with short-term treatment outcomes in patients with acute heart failure
Authors: Peterson Evan J. , Ng Tien M. H. , Patel Komal A. , Lou Mimi , Elkayam Uri 
Published: June 2018

Objectives Hypoalbuminemia occurs in 25% to 76% of patients hospitalized for acute heart failure (HF) and is associated with increased mortality. Hypoalbuminemia may predispose patients to intravascular volume depletion, hypotension, and acute worsening of renal function; however, its association with treatment outcomes during hospitalization is unknown. Methods This retrospective cohort study involved 414 adult patients hospitalized for HF requiring intravenous diuretics. Temporal changes in serum albumin and the association of hypoalbuminemia with urine output, renal function changes, blood pressure, use of intravenous vasoactive drugs, and short-term outcomes were assessed. Results Serum albumin decreased in most patients (72%) during hospitalization. Hypoalbuminemia was present in 29% and 50% of patients based on the mean admission and nadir serum albumin level, respectively. Hypoalbuminemia as assessed by the nadir albumin level was associated with an increased risk of acute worsening of renal function. A nadir albumin level of <3.0 g/dL remained significantly associated in the multivariate analyses. Conclusions Serum albumin commonly decreases during hospitalization for acute HF. Hypoalbuminemia assessed using the nadir level during hospitalization, not the admission level, was associated with an increased risk of acute worsening of renal function. The timing of serum albumin measurement may influence its utility as a biomarker.
Effect of the Containment Type on Clinical Outcomes in Osteochondral Lesions of the Talus Treated With Autologous Osteochondral Transplantation
Authors: Shimozono Yoshiharu , Donders Johanna C.E. , Yasui Youichi , Hurley Eoghan T. , Deyer Timothy W. , Nguyen Joseph T. , Kennedy John G. 
Published: June 2018

Background: Uncontained-type osteochondral lesions of the talus (OLTs) have been shown to have inferior clinical outcomes after treatment with bone marrow stimulation. While autologous osteochondral transplantation (AOT) is indicated for larger lesions, no study has reported on the prognostic significance of the containment of OLTs treated with the AOT procedure. Purpose: To clarify the effect of the containment of OLTs on clinical and radiological outcomes in patients who underwent AOT for OLTs. Study Design: Case control study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: A retrospective cohort study comparing patients with contained-type and uncontained-type OLTs was undertaken to include all patients who underwent AOT for the treatment of OLTs between 2006 and 2014. Analyses were performed by grouping the patients according to the containment type. Clinical outcomes were evaluated using the Foot and Ankle Outcome Score (FAOS) and the 12-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-12) preoperatively and at final follow-up. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at 2 years’ follow-up was evaluated with the modified magnetic resonance observation of cartilage repair tissue (MOCART) score. Multivariate regression models were used to evaluate factors affecting postoperative FAOS, SF-12, and MOCART scores. Results: Ninety-four patients were included: 31 patients with a contained-type OLT and 63 patients with an uncontained-type OLT. The median patient age was 34 years (interquartile range [IQR], 28-48 years) in the contained-type group and 36 years (IQR, 27-46 years) in the uncontained-type group. The median follow-up time was 45 months (IQR, 38-63 months) in the contained-type group and 52 months (IQR, 40-66 months) in the uncontained-type group. The median FAOS and SF-12 scores improved significantly after surgery in both contained-type and uncontained-type lesions ( P < .001). The median postoperative FAOS score of patients with contained-type OLTs was higher than that of patients with uncontained-type OLTs (91.7 vs 85.0, respectively; P = .009), but no significant differences were found between the contained-type and uncontained-type groups for postoperative SF-12 and MOCART scores. The multivariate regression models showed that patients with contained-type OLTs had an approximately 10-point better score on the FAOS compared with patients with uncontained-type OLTs ( P = .006). There was a nonsignificant trend for the rate of cystic occurrence in uncontained-type OLTs to be higher than that of contained-type OLTs (55.6% vs 38.7%, respectively; P = .125). Conclusion: Patients with contained-type OLTs experienced better clinical outcomes than those with uncontained-type OLTs after AOT for the treatment of OLTs. However, the AOT procedure still provided good clinical and MRI outcomes in both contained-type and uncontained-type OLTs at midterm follow-up.
Intra-articular Hematoma Block Compared to Procedural Sedation for Closed Reduction of Ankle Fractures
Authors: MacCormick Lauren M. , Baynard Taurean , Williams Benjamin R. , Vang Sandy , Xi Min , Lafferty Paul 
Published: June 2018

Background: Initial treatment for a displaced ankle fracture is closed reduction and splinting. This is typically performed in conjunction with either an intra-articular hematoma block (IAHB) or procedural sedation (PS) to assist with pain control. The purpose of this study was to compare the safety of IAHB to PS and evaluate the efficiency and efficacy for each method. Methods: A retrospective chart review for ankle fractures requiring manipulation was performed for patients seen in a level I trauma center from 2005 to 2016. The primary outcome was rate of successful reduction. Several secondary outcome measures were defined: reduction attempts, time until successful reduction, time spent in the emergency department (ED), rate of hospital admission, and adverse events. The analysis included 221 patients who received IAHB and 114 patients who received PS. Results: The demographics between the 2 groups were similar, with the exception that more patients with a dislocation received PS, which prompted a subgroup analysis. This analysis demonstrated that patients with an ankle fracture and associated tibiotalar joint subluxation underwent closed reduction in a shorter period of time with the use of an IAHB compared with those receiving PS. In patients sustaining a tibiotalar fracture dislocation, patients receiving PS were successfully reduced with 1 reduction attempt more frequently than those receiving IAHB. Orthopedic surgeons also had higher rates of success on first attempt compared with ED providers. Conclusion: Both IAHB and PS were excellent options for analgesia that resulted in high rates of successful closed reduction of ankle fractures with adequate safety. IAHB can be considered a first-line agent for patients with an ankle fracture and associated joint subluxation. Level of Evidence: Level III, retrospective comparative series.
Acetabular microfracture in hip arthroscopy: clinical outcomes with minimum 5-year follow-up
Authors: Domb Benjamin G , Rybalko Danil , Mu Brian , Litrenta Jody , Chen Austin W , Perets Itay 
Published: June 2018

Introduction: There is a paucity in the literature regarding mid-term results of microfracture in hip arthroscopy. We aim to assess 5-year outcomes of patients who underwent acetabular microfracture for full-thickness chondral lesions as a part of hip arthroscopy. Methods: Between August 2008 and September 2011, data were prospectively gathered for patients undergoing acetabular microfracture during hip arthroscopy with minimum 5-year follow-up. All patients were assessed pre- and postoperatively, with modified Harris Hip Score (mHHS), Non-Arthritic Hip Score (NAHS), Hip Outcome Score – Sports Specific Subscale (HOS-SSS), and visual analog scale (VAS). International Hip Outcome Tool (iHOT-12) and satisfaction were collected postoperatively. Exclusion criteria included previous hip conditions, or preoperative Tönnis grade ≥2. Results: Fifty three hips were eligible for this study. Of these, 43 (81.1%) hips in 42 patients had follow-up. The study group had a male majority (65.1%) and an average age of 44.4 ± 9.5 years. There was statistically significant improvement in all patient-reported outcomes (PROs) and VAS at follow-up. Patient satisfaction was 7.6 ± 2.6. A comparison of 2-year to minimum 5-year follow-up results identified no statistically significant deterioration in PROs, VAS, and patient satisfaction. Survivorship was 72.1% with 12 patients converted to total hip arthroplasty (THA). 4 patients (10.8%) underwent secondary arthroscopy. Conclusions: In the mid-term, microfracture as a part of hip arthroscopy demonstrated favourable outcomes and 72% survivorship. Careful patient selection is warranted to limit the risk of conversion to THA.
Tele-monitoring in paediatric and young home-ventilated neuromuscular patients: A multicentre case-control trial
Authors: Trucco Federica , Pedemonte Marina , Racca Fabrizio , Falsaperla Raffaele , Romano Catia , Wenzel Anette , D’Agostino Alessia , Pistorio Angela , Tacchetti Paola , Bella Cristina , Bruno Claudio , Minetti Carlo 
Published: June 2018

Introduction Tele-monitoring (TM) has proved effective in the home management of adult ventilator-dependent neuromuscular disease (NMD) patients. We aimed to evaluate a 2-year longitudinal multicentre TM trial designed for young ventilated NMD patients in terms of feasibility, home management of exacerbations and caregivers’ burden. Methods The TM trial protocol included patients’ weekly scheduled overnight home-recording of SpO2, heart rate and ventilation and their transmission to each TM centre the following morning. Overnight data were reviewed by non-physicians and calls to families made to assess clinical condition. If clinical conditions (assessed by a scoring system) or overnight parameters worsened, either unscheduled transmissions or calls were activated and managed by non-physicians or medical team according to severity. Hospitalisations were compared with those of TM patients prior to TM start and with those of age-disease-severity-matched controls. Scores from the Caregiver Burden Inventory (CBI) questionnaire pre- and post-TM were compared. Results Forty-eight patients were enrolled, 30 males, median age 16.4 years (interquartile range (IQR) 8.9–22.1), median ventilation/day 10.5 h (IQR 8–16). Exacerbations in TM patients did not differ (59 versus 53; p = 0.15) from controls. Hospitalisations were significantly reduced in TM patients when compared with those prior to TM (11 versus 24, p = 0.04) and to controls (11 versus 21, p = 0.03). Median hospitalisation length was significantly lower in TM patients than controls (6 versus 7 days, p = 0.03 ). Caregivers satisfaction was excellent whereas no significant changes in CBI were seen (32.5 versus 35.5, p = 0.06). Discussion TM was effective in improving the home management of respiratory exacerbations in young ventilated NMD patients and overall well tolerated.