bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ВПЛИВ СТРОКІВ ВИСАДЖУВАННЯ ТА ВІКУ РОЗСАДИ НА ПРОДУКТИВНІСТЬ ФІЗАЛІСУ МЕКСИКАНСЬКОГО В УМОВАХ ПРАВОБЕРЕЖНОГО ЛІСОСТЕПУ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: Vdovenko S. A. , Polutin O. O. 
Published: January 2019

Мета. Визначити оптимальні строки висаджування розсади фізалісу мексиканського у відкритий ґрунт на продуктивність рослини до умов Правобережного Лісостепу України. Методи. Польовий, лабораторно-польовий, статистичний. Результати. Під час висаджування рослин у різні строки з різним віком розсади врожайність фізалісу мексиканського носила змінний характер і коливалася від 27,7 т/га до 33,4 т/га. У процесі досліджень встановлено збільшення врожайності по сорту Ліхтарик за висаджування розсади у І декаді травня із віком розсади 60 діб. Вказаний сорт забезпечив врожайність на рівні 33,4 т/га, що перевищувало врожайність контролю на 5,7 т/га. Збільшення врожайності плодів на вказаному сорті встановлено також за висаджування рослин у ІІІ декаді квітня з віком розсади 60 діб – 32,3 т/га, однак прибавка до контролю складала 4,6 т/га. Коефіцієнт стабільності Левіса коливався від 1,4 до 1,9. Нижчим він був по сорту Ліхтарик у І декаді травня за використання 60-добової розсади – 1,4. Проаналізувавши залежність маси плода до врожайності сортів фізалісу мексиканського, встановлено, що коефіцієнт кореляції становив r = 0,70–0,99. Висновки. За вирощування сорту Ананасовий та висаджування рослин у ІІІ декаді квітня з віком розсади 60 діб висота рослини може збільшуватися до 112,6 см. Більшою площею листка (96,6 тис. м2/га) характеризується сорт фізалісу мексиканського Ліхтарик за висаджування розсади у ІІІ декаді квітня з віком розсади 60 діб, однак найбільшим вмістом сухої речовини в листках характеризується сорт Ананасовий за висаджування рослин у ІІІ декаді квітня з віком розсади 60 діб. Найбільшу кількість плодів формують рослини сорту Ліхтарик, які висаджували в І декаді травня. Сорт Ананасовий характеризується більшою масою та діаметром плода, його маса може збільшуватися до 8,5 г, а діаметр – до 3,1 см за висаджування розсади у ІІІ декаді квітня з віком розсади 60 діб. Більшою загальною врожайністю характеризується сорт Ліхтарик за висаджування розсади віком у 60 діб у І декаді травня – 33,4 т/га, та високою товарністю – 84,1 %. Застосування віку розсади 40–50 діб для рослин фізалісу мексиканського не сприяє забезпеченню високої продуктивності рослини.
Factors influencing knowledge and practice of self-medication among college students of health and non-health professions
Authors: Mitra Amal K , Imtiaz Ayyub , Al Ibrahim Yusuf A , Bulbanat Mohammad B , Mutairi Maha F Al , Musaileem Sulaiman F Al 
Published: January 2019

Background and objectives: Self-medication is commonly practiced throughout the world. The aim of this study was to ascertain the use prevalence and knowledge of harmful effects of selfmedication among college students of health professions and non-health professions.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed among 1,167 students from 12 faculties of a public university and two private universities in Kuwait. Data were collected using a selfadministered pretested questionnaire containing 32 questions.
Results: Among the participants, 70.4% (822/1,167) used self-medication. The prevalence of self-medication was significantly higher among students of non-health professions compared with those of health professions (35.9% vs. 25.9%, p = 0.004, 95% CI, 6.28% to 13.73%, respectively). Pain killer medicines (52.9%), vitamins/minerals (13.1%), and antihistamines (9.0%) were the most commonly used non-prescription medications. Antibiotics and sleeping pills were used without a prescription in 2.9% and 2.1%, respectively. Older age, non-Kuwaiti national, and students of 5th to 7th year of study were significant predictors of self-medication. Knowledge scores of harmful effects of self-medication were about two-fold higher among females than their male counterparts. Similarly, students of higher years of study (5th to 7th year) had higher knowledge score compared with others.
Conclusions: The prevalence of self-medication was alarmingly high among young adults in Kuwait. People should be informed about adverse effects of self-medication through mass and social media campaign.
IMC J Med Sci 2018; 12(2): 57-68
Status of implementation of short answer question in anatomy examination of MBBS course in Bangladesh
Authors: Akhter Jesmin , Sayeed Sharmina 
Published: January 2019

Background and objective: Short answer question (SAQ) format has been introduced as a major component of summative professional examinations of MBBS (Bachelor of Medicine and Surgery) course in Bangladesh over a decade. No systematic evaluation has yet been conducted on implementation of SAQ as directed in curriculum to assess the medical students in the summative examination of MBBS course. The present study assessed the weightage given to the different components of cognitive domain in SAQs in anatomy in first Professional MBBS Examination under the University of Dhaka.
Materials and method: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Anatomy, Ibrahim Medical College. Anatomy SAQ papers, Paper I and Paper II, from January 2009 to July 2014 of University of Dhaka were selected. A total of 24 SAQ papers containing 572 questions were included in this study. Every question in a paper was categorized as recall, understanding application types. Then the total number of marks allocated for each of the type of questions were calculated and compared with the total marks (98) allocated for the questions in a paper. Then the resultant weightage of marks were compared with the curricular directive weightage of marks allotted for SAQ.
Result: On analysis it was found that during the period from 2009 to 2014 76.58% and 23.42% SAQ were recall and understanding types respectively. No question was found to assess the application component of the cognitive domain of the students.
Conclusion: The study revealed that SAQ introduced as an assessment tool in undergraduate medical curriculum was not properly implemented and its desired objectives were not fully achieved.
IMC J Med Sci 2018; 12(2): 69-72
Influence of calcium silicate application on the population of Aproaerema modicella Deventer (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) on groundnut
Authors: Parthiban P. , Chinniah C. , Baskaran R. K. Murali , Muthukrishnan N. , Rajavel D. S. , Karthick K. S. 
Published: January 2019

Field experiments with foliar application of calcium silicate @ 2.0, 3.5 and 5.0 per cent, soil drenching of calcium silicate @ 10.0, 15.0 and 20.0 per cent and combination of foliar and soil drenching (@ 2.0% + 20.0%, 3.5% + 15.0% and 5.0% + 10.0%) were evaluated on 20 days old groundnut plant and compared with an untreated check. Application of calcium silicate via foliage and soil simultaneously @ 5 and 10 per cent on 20 days after dibbling of groundnut was effective to reduce the population of leaf miner and their leaflet damage, recording mean population of 5.25 nos. of larvae/10 plants and 16.46 per cent leaflet damage, respectively, while it was 12.25 nos. of larvae/10 plants and 27.95 per cent leaflet damage in untreated control. Reduction in population of leaf miner in groundnut might be due to silica induced plant defensive enzymes, however, the moderate reduction in population of leaf miner pest in groundnut can be well explained due to the high accumulation of silica in groundnut plants.
Management of rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae using essential volatile oils
Authors: Binseena S. R. , Anitha N. , Paul Ambily , Amritha V. S. , Anith K. N. 
Published: January 2019

Effect of four essential volatile oils viz., clove (Syzygium aromaticum L.), cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume), lemon grass (Cymbopogon flexuosus (Nees ex steud)) and pepper (Piper nigrum L.) on mortality of rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae L. in stored rice was studied under laboratory conditions. Preliminary toxicity bioassays (without food and with food) were carried for fixing the concentrations of these oils. Percentage mortality of weevils by volatile essential oils increased with increase in concentration and period of exposure. Pepper oil @ 200 Î¼l/500 cm-3 volume caused cent per cent mortality without any progeny emergence whereas cinnamon oil @ 30 Î¼l 500 cm-3 caused 95.55 per cent mortality of weevils with 98.81 inhibitions on progeny emergence. The highest concentration (30 Î¼l 500 cm-3) of clove oil caused 76.67 percentage mortality of weevils while lemon grass oil (200 Î¼l 500 cm-3) caused 68.89 percentage mortality.
X-Ray and UV Monitoring of the Seyfert 1.5 Galaxy Markarian 817
Authors: Morales Anthony M. , Miller Jon M. , Cackett Edward M. , Reynolds Mark T. , Zoghbi Abderahmen 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
We report the results of long-term simultaneous X-ray and UV monitoring of the nearby (z = 0.03145) Seyfert 1.5 galaxy Mrk 817 using the Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory XRT and UVOT. Prior work has revealed that the X-ray flux from Mrk 817 has increased by a factor of 40 over the last 40 yr, whereas the UV emission has changed by a factor of 2.3. The X-ray emission of Mrk 817 now compares to some of the brightest Seyferts, but it has been poorly studied in comparison. We find that the X-ray (0.3–10.0 keV) and the UVM2 (roughly 2000–2500 Å) fluxes have fractional variability amplitudes of 0.35 and 0.18, respectively, over the entire monitoring period (2017 January 2 to 2018 April 20). A cross-correlation analysis is performed on the X-ray (0.3–10.0 keV) and UVM2 light curves over the entire monitoring period, a period of less frequent monitoring (2017 January 2–December 11), and a period of more frequent monitoring (2018 January 12–April 20). The analysis reveals no significant correlation between the two at any given lag for all monitoring periods. Especially given that reverberation studies have found significant lags between optical/UV continuum bands and broad optical lines in Mrk 817, the lack of a significant X-ray–UV correlation may point to additional complexities in the inner or intermediate disk. Mechanical (e.g., a funnel in the inner disk) and/or relativistic beaming of the X-ray emission could potentially explain the lack of a correlation. Alternatively, scattering in an equatorial wind could also diminish the ability of more isotropic X-ray emission to heat the disk itself.
Hubble Space Telescope Emission-line Images of Nearby 3CR Radio Galaxies: Two Photoionization, Accretion, and Feedback Modes
Authors: Baldi Ranieri D. , Rodríguez Zaurín Javier , Chiaberge Marco , Capetti Alessandro , Sparks William B. , McHardy Ian M. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
We present HST/ACS narrowband images of a low-z sample of 19 3C radio galaxies to study the Hα and [O iii] emissions from the narrow-line region. Based on nuclear emission-line ratios, we divide the sample into high- and low-excitation galaxies (HEGs and LEGs). We observe different line morphologies, extended [O iii] emission, large [O iii]/Hα scatter across the galaxies, and a radio-line alignment. In general, HEGs show more prominent emission-line properties than LEGs: larger, more disturbed, more luminous, and more massive regions of ionized gas with slightly larger covering factors. We find evidence of correlations between line luminosities and (radio and X-ray) nuclear luminosities. All of these results point to a main common origin, the active nucleus, which ionizes the surrounding gas. However, the contribution of additional photoionization mechanisms (jet shocks and star formation) is needed to account for the different line properties of the two classes. A relationship between the accretion, photoionization, and feedback modes emerges from this study. For LEGs (hot-gas accretors), the synchrotron emission from the jet represents the main source of ionizing photons. The lack of cold gas and star formation in their hosts accounts for the moderate ionized-gas masses and sizes. For HEGs (cold-gas accretors), an ionizing continuum from a standard disk and shocks from the powerful jets are the main sources of photoionization, with a contribution from star formation. These components, combined with the large reservoir of cold/dust gas brought from a recent merger, account for the properties of their extended emission-line regions.
Resolving CO (2−1) in z ∼ 1.6 Gas-rich Cluster Galaxies with ALMA: Rotating Molecular Gas Disks with Possible Signatures of Gas Stripping
Authors: Noble A. G. , Muzzin A. , McDonald M. , Rudnick G. , Matharu J. , Cooper M. C. , Demarco R. , Lidman C. , Nantais J. , van Kampen E. , Webb T. M. A. , Wilson G. , Yee H. K. C. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
We present the first spatially resolved observations of molecular gas in a sample of cluster galaxies beyond z > 0.1. Using ALMA, we detect CO (2–1) in eight z ∼ 1.6 cluster galaxies, all within a single 70″ primary beam. The cluster, SpARCS-J0225, was discovered by the Spitzer Adaptation of the Red-sequence Cluster Survey, and is replete with gas-rich galaxies in close proximity, thus affording an efficient multiplexing strategy to amass the first sample of resolved CO in distant clusters. Mapping out the kinematic structure and morphology of molecular gas on ∼3.5 kpc scales reveals rotating gas disks in the majority of the galaxies, and some kinematic peculiarities, including a central gas void, a merger, and one-sided gas tails. We find that the extent of the molecular gas is slightly smaller than that of the optical HST stellar component; this is even more pronounced in low-redshift Virgo cluster galaxies. However, limited by small sample sizes of spatially resolved CO, we are unable to differentiate the distribution of stellar-to-gas radii between cluster and field environments at high redshift. Thus, at first glance, while the cluster galaxies generally look like galaxies infalling from the field, with typical main-sequence star formation rates and massive molecular gas reservoirs situated in rotating disks, they have potentially remarkable attributes, including elevated gas fractions, slightly smaller CO disks, and asymmetric gas tails. Taken in tandem, these signatures are tentative evidence for gas stripping in the z ∼ 1.6 cluster, though verification of these trends will require larger samples.
An Empirical Template Library for FGK and Late-type A Stars Using LAMOST Observed Spectra
Authors: Du Bing , Luo A-Li , Zuo F. , Bai Z-R. , Wang R. , Song Y-H. , Hou W. , Li Y-B. , Zhang J-N. , Guo Y-X. , Chen J-J. , Wang M-X. , Wang Y-F. , Kong X. , Wu K-F. , Wang X. , Wu Y. , Hou Y.-H , Zhao Y-H. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
We present an empirical stellar spectra library created using spectra from the Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST) DR5. This library represents a uniform data set ranging from 3750 through 8500 K in effective temperature (T
eff), from −2.5 through +1.0 dex in metallicity ([Fe/H]), and from 0 to 5.0 dex in gravity (log g). The spectra in the library have resolutions R ∼ 1800, with well-calibrated fluxes and rest-framed wavelengths. Using a large number of red stars observed by LAMOST, we generated denser K-type templates to fill in data missing from current empirical spectral libraries, particularly the late K type. For K giants, we calibrated the spectroscopic surface gravities against the asteroseismic surface gravities. To verify the reliability of the parameters labeled for this library, we performed an internal cross-validation using a χ
2 minimization method to interpolate the parameters of each individual spectrum using the remaining spectra in the library. We obtained precisions of 41 K, 0.11 dex, and 0.05 dex for T
eff, log g, and [Fe/H], respectively, which means the templates are labeled with correct stellar parameters. Through external comparisons, we confirmed that measurements of the stellar parameters through this library can achieve accuracies of approximately 125 K in T
eff, 0.1 dex in [Fe/H] and 0.20 dex in log g without systematic offset. This empirical library is useful for stellar parameter measurements because it has large parameter coverage and full wavelength coverage from 3800 to 8900 Å.
L’adoption du smart grid par les promoteurs japonais : une perspective immobilière sur la smart city
Authors: N’Diaye Omar , Aveline-Dubach Natacha , Le Goix Renaud 
Published: January 2019

Malgré l’influence des entreprises immobilières dans la production de l’environnement bâti, leur rôle au sein des initiatives smart city a été peu étudié. Dans le cadre d’un programme gouvernemental de démonstrateurs de smart city , le Japon a vu l’adoption à grande échelle d’une technologie de smart grid par les promoteurs de condominiums. L’article montre comment les modalités concrètes de mise en œuvre de cette initiative gouvernementale ont été déterminées par les motivations stratégiques des promoteurs, ces derniers ayant équipé de smart grids leurs condominiums de gamme intermédiaire afin d’attirer les acquéreurs par des services de « club ». L’analyse repose sur un corpus de 137 condominiums équipés de cette technologie et sur l’étude ciblée d’un complexe résidentiel.
L’exposition universelle de 1937 : une singulière embellie dans les relations franco-allemandes
Authors: Bibert Alexandre 
Published: January 2019

La participation de l’Allemagne à l’Exposition universelle de Paris de 1937 donne lieu à des manifestations de rapprochement entre ce pays et la France qui tranchent avec l’idée usuellement propagée d’une marche vers la guerre lancée depuis le milieu des années 1930. En effet, au fil de la construction et après l’inauguration du pavillon du Reich, un espace s’est ouvert pour la célébration et l’expression d’aspirations à une bonne entente entre le pays organisateur et l’hôte d’outre-Rhin. Incontestablement, les acteurs politiques mais aussi la société civile ont pris conscience de cet enjeu. Si Hitler et Goebbels n’avaient que faire de telles perspectives, d’autres personnalités nazies et françaises se sont engagées sur cette voie. Dans une approche critique, cet article évalue la profondeur et la portée de telles prises de positions et démonstrations de bonne volonté. Malgré des décalages sur les finalités, la voie d’une entente n’apparaissait pas comme illusoire mais intégrée à l’horizon d’attente de nombreux acteurs. La différence de régime et les caractéristiques de l’État national-socialiste n’ont nullement empêché les hôtes allemands d’être entourés d’un soin particulier. La représentation de l’Allemagne à l’Exposition a directement donné lieu à une intensification qualitative et quantitative des relations franco-allemandes et, par-là, à une évolution inédite depuis 1933. La brièveté de l’embellie ne doit pas conduire à négliger cet aspect du climat précédant la Seconde Guerre mondiale.
On Being a Person of Integrity...Or Ethics and Other Liabilities
Authors: Curtin Leah 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT
The emergence of managed care and the health industry's response to it has precipitated a moral crisis for many health care professionals. Caught between the patients' best interests and the employers' and payers' restrictions, professionals find their good intentions tested. In this article, the author distinguishes moral from ethical problems and suggests that self-examination and self-diagnosis of the mindsets and conditions that contribute to moral malfunctioning in the workplace-self-management at the individual level-is essential for maintaining the ethical stance of the profession and the integrity of the professional.
Antidote Dilemma-An Activity to Promote Critical Thinking
Authors: Mottola Carol A , Murphy Patti 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT
Background: In a health care environment of increased patient acuity and greater demands on nursing practitioners, the ability to think critically is requisite to functioning safely and proficiently.
Method: Definitions and tenets of critical thinking promulgated by Brookfield (1987) and Paul (1992) provided the theoretical foundation for Antidote Dilemma, an activity designed to promote critical thinking.
Results: Nurses who participated in the activity identified plausible solutions to a nursing dilemma, considered context in identifying alternatives, and thought about their thinking.
Conclusion: Critical thinking is most likely to occur and continue when it is supported by others and repeatedly practiced. Continuing/staff-development educators play a vital role in promoting critical thinking among nursing practitioners.
Nutrition Assessment: Experience Is Not a Predictor of Knowledge
Authors: Crogan Neva L , Evans Bronwynne C 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT
This study tested an evidence-based nutrition education program for licensed nurses working in nursing homes who scored an average of 56% on a pretest. Posttest scores averaged 66%, demonstrating a continuing deficit of basic nutritional knowledge despite the educational intervention. Statistical analysis revealed that less experienced nurses scored better on posttests than more experienced nurses; more experienced nurses performed nutritional assessment more often than less experienced nurses; and more experienced nurses were usually charge nurses or nurses completing Minimum Data Sets. Although the education did not eliminate all deficits in nutrition knowledge, a decrease in the percentage of residents with significant weight loss was noted.
Development of a Universal Influenza Vaccine
Authors: Estrada Leonardo D. , Schultz-Cherry Stacey 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
The severity of the 2017–18 influenza season, combined with the low efficacy for some vaccine components, highlights the need to improve our current seasonal influenza vaccine. Thus, the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases recently announced a strategic plan to improve current influenza vaccines and eventually develop a “universal” influenza vaccine. This review will highlight the many different strategies being undertaken in pursuit of this goal and the exciting advances made by the influenza community. There is no doubt that an improved influenza vaccine is on the horizon.
Geographical disparity and traumatic brain injury in America: Rural areas suffer poorer outcomes
Authors: Brown Joshua B , Kheng Marin , Carney Nancy A , Rubiano Andres A , Puyana Juan Carlos 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACTIntroduction: Significant heterogeneity exists in traumatic brain injury (TBI) outcomes. In the United States, TBI remains a primary driver of injury-related mortality and morbidity. Prior work has suggested that disparity exists in rural areas; our objective was to evaluate potential differences in TBI mortality across urban and rural areas on a national scale. Methods: Age-adjusted TBI fatality rates were obtained at the county level across the U.S. from 2008 to 2014. To evaluate geography, urban influence codes (UIC) were also obtained at the county level. UIC codes range from 1 (most urban) to 12 (most rural). Metropolitan counties are defined as those with an UIC ≤2, while nonmetropolitan counties are defined as an UIC ≥3. County-level fatality rates and UIC classification were geospatially mapped. Linear regression was used to evaluate the change in TBI fatality rate at each category of UIC. The median TBI fatality rate was also compared between metropolitan and nonmetropolitan counties. Results: Geospatial analysis demonstrated higher fatality rates distributed among nonmetropolitan counties across the United States. The TBI fatality rate was 13.00 deaths per 100,000 persons higher in the most rural UIC category compared to the most urban UIC category (95% confidence interval 12.15, 13.86; P < 0.001). The median TBI rate for nonmetropolitan counties was significantly higher than metropolitan counties (22.32 vs. 18.22 deaths per 100,000 persons, P < 0.001). Conclusions: TBI fatality rates are higher in rural areas of the United States. Additional studies to evaluate the mechanisms and solutions to this disparity are warranted and may have implications for lower-and middle-income countries.