bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Relationship between Employee Attitude Towards Training and Employee Retention in Telecommunication
Authors: Jwu Siaw Cheau , Hassan Zaiton , Abdullah Siti Mariam , Kasa Mark Edmund 
Published: March 2019

The objective of this study is to identify the relationship between employee attitude towardstraining (accessibility of training, social support for training and benefits of training) andemployee retention in the telecommunication industry in Kuching. Eighty employees respondedto the self-administered questionnaire. Simple random sampling was used to carryout the study. Data was analysed using Pearson Correlation Coefficient and Multiple Regression.Only social support for training had a significant and positive relationship to retention.Thus, it is recommended that managers and supervisors support employees in attendingtraining as well as provide opportunities for employees to apply what they had learned intraining as it will influence retention in the organization.
Keywords: Retention; accessibility to training; social support for training; benefits of training
Organization as a Support System among Revert Clients in Malaysia
Authors: Jayos Samsiah , Ghani Faizah Abd , Tahir Lokman Mohd , Jasmi Kamarul Azmi , Abdullah Bandar Nur Fatihah 
Published: March 2019

It is significant for the reverts to have an existing helping organization. Therefore, this study aims to identify organizational issues that are directly and indirectly involved with counsellors at the Council of Islamic Religious Department in Malaysia. This study utilizes a qualitative approach by using the case study method. This study involved five (5) counsellors from Council of Islamic Religious Department in Malaysia. This study used the N'Vivo 10.0 for the data analysis to develop themes and sub-themes that related to this study. The findings showed that there are two (2) sub themes involved both government and non-government. There are six (6) sub-sub themes for the government which are Jabatan Agama Islam, Jabatan Mufti, Pusat Dakwah Islamiah, Pusat Kaunseling MAINS Negeri Sembilan, Jabatan Kehakiman and Baitulmal. While, non-government has ten (10) sub-sub themes; Lembaga Kaunselor Malaysia, Unit Saudara Baru, Unit Ukhuwah, Pusat Saudara Baru Darul Saadah, Darul Ukhuwah Yayasan Kasih Sayang, Volunteer Body, Malaysian Chinese Muslim Association (MACMA), Pertubuhan Kebajikan Islam Malaysia (PERKIM), PERKAMA and Skuad Mubaligh Seremban. In conclusion, this study could be used as a guide for counsellors to provide guidance and counselling services to revert clients.
Keywords: Organization; support system; revert and client.
Bilingualism: Diglossia and Code-Switching to Indonesian Scholars
Authors: Arjulayana Arjulayana 
Published: March 2019

Code switching and Diglossia’s population can be found in variety places, both formal and informal places. This paper is aimed to report the data analysis relate with diglossia and code switching which is happen to Indonesian Scholar. For many reasons diglossia and code switching are parts of language varieties, and as the unique Indonesian characteristics, because not all countries are getting diglossia phenomenon. It happened only for country that has high and low languages use in their daily interaction. This belief assumes that diglossia and code switching as the varieties of language can be adapted to foster learner’s ability, creativity, and awareness in practicing their language. The study is uses qualitative approach, with descriptive analysis. The purposive sampling is used to gain the data, with 5 questions in short answer form, and 5 questions with close ended question-answer to 16 higher students of 2nd semester from University of Muhammadiyah Jakarta majoring of religious education department. This research uses triangulation to know the validity of the data. The result of this research shows; firstly, bilingualism is a language varieties and happened in Indonesia with highest code-switching population can advocate Indonesia scholar to conserve one of local wisdom, and language varieties. Secondly, bilingual is familiar to Indonesian Scholar, because most of Indonesian scholars have their own local language. This also shown from their status in some social medias, way of interact; daily language uses, and etc. Thirdly, practicing bilingual is fun, and it could be good habit for them, because in special condition, sometimes their own language helps them to melt the situation in conversation context
Shopping Motives, Mall Attractiveness, and Visiting Patterns in Shopping Malls in the Middle East: A Segmentation Approach
Authors: Koksal Haluk 
Published: March 2019

Middle Eastern consumers change their shopping behaviors in line with developments in global markets. Large-scale Western-style malls with various well-known stores, shops, and cafes and restaurants have become shopping and attraction spaces. The purpose of the study is to segment Lebanese customers based on mall shopping motives. The data in the study were collected through a structured questionnaire distributed in the main shopping malls of the Lebanese capital, Beirut. A total of 300 mall customers were interviewed at mall exits. Respondents were intercepted by employing simple random sampling. The data were analyzed using exploratory factor and cluster analyses. This study revealed three main shopping motives: hedonic, efficiency, and accomplishment. It also identified three mall shopper segments: hedonists, achievers, and efficient shoppers. Each segment was also profiled in terms of mall attributes, visiting patterns, and demographics. The study clearly indicated significant differences among those segments. The study findings further indicated that the characteristics of different mall customer segments in Lebanon are in line with the studies conducted in other countries, although there are significant differences among the clusters. Identifying mall shopping motives and segmenting customers on those motives enables mall managers to develop appropriate retailing strategies to satisfy each segment.

Keywords: Mall shopping motivations, Shopping outcomes, Mall visiting patterns, Cluster analysis, Lebanon.

To cite this document:
Mehmet Haluk Koksal, " Shopping Motives, Mall Attractiveness, and Visiting Patterns in Shopping Malls in the Middle East: A Segmentation Approach", International Journal of Electronic Commerce Studies, Vol.15, No.1, pp.1-23, 2019.

Permanent link to this document:
https://doi.org/10.7903/cmr.18625
Effect of Maize –Legume Intercrop and Fertilizer on Weed Suppression and Maize Performance in South Eastern, Nigeria
Authors: Esther Akpa, Ogonnaya , Udensi Udensi Ekea , Sunday Omovbude, , Amadi Orluchukwu, Joseph 
Published: March 2019

Maize is one of the most commonly cultivated arable crops in the rain forest zone of South Eastern Nigeria. Globally soil fertility and weed pressure are the most important constraints limiting increase productivity of Maize especially in Sub Saharan Africa (SSA). Unavailability and cost of inorganic fertilizer as well as cost of labour for weeding have engendered low productivity of maize. Hence this trial was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of maize-legume systems on weed suppression and maize performance. The trial was carried out at the Teaching and Research Farm of Faculty of Agriculture, University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria located within latitude 04°54’N and longitude 6°55’ E). The trial was conducted between April 4th and July 5th, 2017. The experiment was a 3 x 3 factorial arrangement fitted into a randomized complete block design (RCBD) consisting of 3 types of legume systems (Mucuna pruriens, Lablab purpurens and No legume) and three levels of NPK 15:15:15 fertilizer (0, 15, and 30 kg NPK/ha). The 9 treatment combinations were replicated thrice to give 27 plots. Data collected were on maize yield and yield components, weed and legume parameters at 4, 8 and 16 weeks after sowing (WAS). Result showed that legume significantly reduced weed biomass when compared to the natural fallow. The effect of weed biomass reduction was Mucuna 34.8% >Lablab 29.2%. The legume system significantly suppressed weed compared to natural fallow and the weed suppression ability average 56% and 30% respectively for Mucuna and Lablab whether or not they received NPK. Result of this trial also revealed that within 8 weeks after sowing legumes (8 WASL) 26% N and 22% N can be harvested by integrating this legume cover in cropping system and that NPK application has little or no effect in the performance of these legumes. Mucuna was not sensitive to fertilizer application while Lablab responded to fertilizer application. Maize was sensitive to Mucuna due to early integration; hence, it is recommended that these legumes be integrated at six weeks after sowing maize.
Crystallization‐Induced Emissive Invisible Ink
Authors: Zerby Nicholas , Malka Orit , Bhattacharya Sagarika , Nandha Kadamannil Nila , Baranov Mark , Jelinek Raz 
Published: March 2019

AbstractCrystallization‐induced emission (CIE) has been reported for a handful of polyaromatic molecules, and this phenomenon has been generally ascribed to blocking of nonradiative energy dissipation pathways through crystalline organizations. Herein, the first use of a single‐ring CIE‐based “invisible” ink is reported, which can be applied on varied surfaces. The ink comprises (3E)‐4‐[4‐(methylsulfanyl)phenyl]‐3‐buten‐2‐one (MSPB), exhibiting remarkable spontaneous water and interface‐induced CIE. The molecule, which is synthesized through a facile one‐step process, is nonfluorescent when dissolved in polar organic solvents but forms fluorescent crystalline assemblies upon addition of water or upon drying on solid substrates. X‐ray diffraction analysis reveals that the fluorescent crystalline structure of MSPB is stabilized both by intermolecular C⋅⋅⋅HO and C⋅⋅⋅Hπ interactions among adjacent molecules. The readily adopted crystalline organization of MSPB facilitates its use as a fluorescent ink on diverse substrates, including paper, metals, polymers, and ceramic surfaces.
The effectiveness of local ablation for small hepatocellular carcinoma using artificial ascites
Authors: Wang Chia‐Chi , Chan Cheng‐Yi , Chao You‐Chen 
Published: March 2019

AbstractLocal ablation is a minimally invasive treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the risk of thermal injury is increased in hepatic tumors in direct contact with other vital organs. Although artificial ascites can reduce the risk by separating the organs from the ablated tumor, whether it affects the effectiveness of local ablation remains unclear. This retrospective study screened patients with small HCC (<3 cm) treated with local ablation since May 2012 till January 2015. The primary endpoints are ablative volume and temperature at the end of treatment. The secondary endpoints include the rates of initial complete ablation and 1‐year local tumor progression. A total of 84 sessions of local ablation were performed for 76 tumors in 59 patients (36 males and 23 females; mean age, 66.44 ± 10.30 years). Artificial ascites was performed in 28 (33.3%) sessions. The artificial ascites group tended to have lower ablative volume and temperature than the controls (P = 0.089 and P = 0.077). There was no difference in the rates of initial complete ablation and 1‐year local tumor progression between artificial ascites group and controls. Multivariate analyses showed that special location was significantly associated with initial complete ablation (P = 0.015). Local ablation with the assistance of artificial ascites is an effective therapy for difficult‐to‐ablate HCCs. Special location was associated with failure of initial complete ablation for small HCC rather than artificial ascites.
Modified bang‐bang controller for maximal and minimal time optimal control problems
Authors: Lee Kyung‐Tae , Oh Sang‐Young , Choi Ho‐Lim 
Published: March 2019

AbstractRecently, there have been a series of results regarding two time optimal control problems for a class of linear and nonlinear systems ‐ one is to keep the system states within certain bound for the longest time during feedback disruption and the other is to derive the system states to near the origin as fast as possible after feedback recovery, both under bounded control inputs. These are called maximal and minimal time optimal control problems, respectively. In the existing results, a bang‐bang controller has been commonly suggested as the actual implementation of the optimal controller. In this paper, we suggest a modified version of the bang‐bang controller which can also serve as an approximate optimal controller. Our proposed controller provides the (near) optimal performance with (i) possible reduction of a number of switchings; (ii) possible reduction of control input magnitude.
Meta-analysis of completion lymph node dissection in sentinel lymph node-positive melanoma
Authors: Angeles C V , Kang R , Shirai K , Wong S L 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe role of completion lymph node dissection (CLND) in patients with sentinel lymph node (SLN)-positive melanoma continues to be debated. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated survival and recurrence rate in these patients who underwent CLND, compared with observation.MethodsA comprehensive MEDLINE and Embase database search was performed for cohort studies and RCTs published between January 2000 and June 2017 that assessed the outcomes of CLND compared with observation in patients with SLN-positive melanoma. The primary outcome was survival and the secondary outcome was recurrence rate. Studies were assessed for quality using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for RCTs and Newcastle–Ottawa Scale for cohort studies. Pooled relative risk or hazard ratio with 95 per cent confidence intervals were calculated for each outcome. The extent of heterogeneity between studies was assessed with the I2 test. The protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42017070152).ResultsFifteen studies (13 cohort studies with 7868 patients and 2 RCTs with 2228 patients) were identified for qualitative synthesis. Thirteen studies remained for quantitative meta-analysis. Survival was similar in patients who underwent CLND and those who were observed (risk ratio (RR) for death 0·85, 95 per cent c.i. 0·71 to 1·02). The recurrence rate was also similar (RR 0·91, 0·79 to 1·05).ConclusionPatients with SLN-positive melanoma do not have a significant benefit in survival or recurrence rate if they undergo CLND rather than observation.
The human ATF1 rs11169571 polymorphism associated with risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in Southern Chinese populations
Authors: Peng Shutang , Huang Guo‐Liang , Xu Nansong , Lu Yan , Zeng Liuyan , Li Xin , Luo Shengqun , Lyu Xiaoming , Jiang Qiang , Li Tong , He Zhiwei 
Published: March 2019

AbstractOur previous work reported activating transcription factor 1 (ATF1) is a promotive factor of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) tumorigenesis. This study is to further explore the association between the human ATF1 rs11169571 polymorphism and the risk of NPC occurrence. The association between ATF1 rs11169571 and risk of NPC occurrence was investigated in clinical samples of 560 patients and 661 controls obtained from southern China with high incidence of NPC. The genotypes were detected by PCR‐RFLP. The differential expression activity of alleles ‐T and ‐C was analyzed with CNE‐2 and C666‐1 cells by luciferase reporter assay. Our data suggested that the allelic frequency and genotypes were significantly different between patients and controls. Compared to the TT homozygote, the TC and CC genotypes have been shown to be significantly decreased in NPC patients (OR = 0.494, 95% CI = 0.387‐0.629, P < 0.001 and OR = 0.556, 95% CI = 0.364‐0.851, P = 0.007, respectively). Compared to the ‐T allele, the ‐C allele is a factor of decreased risk in NPC (OR = 0.642, 95% CI = 0.537‐0.767, P < 0.001). Luciferase reporter activity revealed that the ‐T allele confers a higher expression activity than the ‐C allele in CNE2 cells and C666‐1 cells. In conclusion, ATF1 rs11169571 which could affect the expression of ATF1 is associated with NPC risk.
The impact of changes in stakeholder salience on corporate social responsibility activities in Russian energy firms: A contribution to the divergence/convergence debate
Authors: Benyaminova Alina , Mathews Martin , Langley Paul , Rieple Alison 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThis empirical paper examines the drivers underpinning changes to socially responsible behaviours in the Russian energy sector. Responding to recent requests to contextualise corporate social responsibility (CSR) research, we focus on the changing set of stakeholders and developments in their saliency as reflected in corporations' CSR activities. Based on interviews with more than 30 industry professionals, our findings suggest that Russian energy companies' CSR is strongly stakeholder‐driven, and organisations adapt their activities according to their dependence on the resources that these salient stakeholders possess.We challenge the proposition that CSR in Russia arises from purely endogenous, historical, paternalism, or neo‐paternalism. We identify stakeholders that now shape CSR in the Russian energy sector, both endogenous (institutional and contextual forces relevant to the national business system) and exogenous (relating to the organisational field of the energy industry—international by nature). We thereby contribute to the convergence/divergence debate within CSR theory by demonstrating that both national business systems and the organisational field must be taken into account when analysing the forces that shape CSR strategies in any one country.
Fine‐needle aspiration features of ossifying fibromyxoid tumor in the breast: A case report and literature review
Authors: Gajdzis Pawel , Laé Marick , Choussy Olivier , Lavigne Marion , Klijanienko Jerzy 
Published: March 2019

AbstractOssifying fibromyxoid tumor (OFT) is a very rare soft tissue tumor which is characterized by incomplete peripheral mature bone shell. To date, cytological features of OFT have been poorly studied with only seven case reports. In this study, an additional case of OFT investigated by fine‐needle aspiration is presented. A 75‐year‐old man with advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma presented with peripherally calcified right breast mass. Smears were hypercellular and stroma‐rich. Tumor cells were mainly dispersed, with epithelioid morphology and eccentrically located nuclei. In the background, there was abundant eosinophilic myxoid secretion. No necrosis, atypia, or mitotic activity was found. The tumor showed diffuse S‐100, CD10, STAT6 expression and focal desmin, estrogen receptor (ER), and progesteron receptor (PgR) expression. Fluorescence in situ hybridization study revealed PHF1 rearrangement in 9% of cells. Cytological characteristic of OFT is quite distinctive and precise diagnosis can be made, especially when it is coupled with compatible radiological findings.
Detection of structured single‐strand DNA via solid‐state nanopore
Authors: Liu Shao‐Chuang , Li Qiao , Ying Yi‐Lun , Long Yi‐Tao 
Published: March 2019

AbstractNanopore is a single‐molecule analysis method which also employed electrophoresis has achieved promising single‐molecule detections. In this study, we designed two kinds of confined spaces by fabricating solid‐state nanopores with desirable diameters to study the structured single‐strand DNA of C‐rich quadruplex. For the nanopore whose diameter is larger than the quadruplex size, the DNA molecule could directly translocate through the nanopore with extremely high speed. For the nanopore whose diameter is smaller than the quadruplex size, DNA molecule which is captured by nanopore could return to the solution without translocation or unzip the quadruplex structure into single‐strand and then pass the nanopore. This study certifies that choosing a suitable sensing interface is the vital importance of observing detailed single‐molecule information. The solid‐state nanopores hold the great potential to study the structural dynamics of quadruplex DNA molecule.
Aluminum‐Catalyzed One‐Pot Synthesis of Polyester‐b‐Polypeptide Block Copolymers by Ring‐Opening Polymerization
Authors: Schmid Thibault E. , Robert Carine , Richard Vincent , Raman Sumesh K. , Guérineau Vincent , Thomas Christophe M. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractPolypeptides are a class of important biomaterials that are extensively utilized in applications such as drug delivery systems, sensors, tissue engineering, biomimetic synthesis of ordered inorganic nanostructures, and catalysis. In particular, the association of polypeptides to polyesters in copolymer architectures provides versatile original materials. However, the catalytic formation of this type of peptide‐based copolymers remains a considerable synthetic challenge. Here, a new strategy to obtain copolymer materials by one‐pot catalysis is reported, which confers great interest to the approach.
Expression of tSTAT3, pSTAT3727, and pSTAT3705 in the epithelial cells of hormone‐naïve prostate cancer
Authors: Krzyzanowska Agnieszka , Don‐Doncow Nicholas , Marginean Felicia Elena , Gaber Alexander , Watson R. William , Hellsten Rebecka , Bjartell Anders 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) pathway is observed to be constitutively activated in several malignancies including prostate cancer (PCa). In the present study, we investigated the expression of total STAT3 (tSTAT3) and two forms of activated phosphorylated STAT3 (pSTAT3727 and pSTAT3705) in tissue microarrays (TMA) of two cohorts of localized hormone‐naïve PCa patients and analyzed associations between the expression and disease outcome.MethodsThe expression of tSTAT3, pSTAT3727, and pSTAT3705 was scored in the nuclei and cytoplasm of prostatic gland epithelial cells in two TMAs of paraffin‐embedded prostatic tissue. The TMAs consisted of tissue originated from hormone‐naïve radical prostatectomy patients from two different sites: Malmö, Sweden (n = 300) and Dublin, Ireland (n = 99).ResultsThe nuclear expression levels of tSTAT3, pSTAT3727, and pSTAT3705 in the epithelial cells of benign glands were significantly higher than in the cancerous glands. Cytoplasmic tSTAT3 levels were also higher in benign glands. Patients with low pSTAT3727 and pSTAT3705 levels in the cancerous glands showed reduced times to biochemical recurrence, compared with those with higher levels. No significant trends in nuclear nor in cytoplasmic tSTAT3 were observed in relation to biochemical recurrence in the Malmö cohort. Higher cytoplasmic tSTAT3 was associated with reduced time to biochemical recurrence in the Dublin cohort. Adding the tSTAT3 and pSTAT3 expression data to Gleason score or pathological T stage did not improve their prognostic values.ConclusionsLow pSTAT3727 and pSTAT3705 expression in epithelial cells of cancerous prostatic glands in hormone‐naïve PCa was associated with faster disease progression. However, pSTAT3 and tSTAT3 expression did not improve the prognostic value of Gleason score or pathological T stage and may not be a good biomarker in the early hormone naïve stages of PCa.