bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Combinational therapy of lithium and human neural stem cells in rat spinal cord contusion model
Authors: Mohammadshirazi Atiyeh , Sadrosadat Hoda , Jaberi Razieh , Zareikheirabadi Masoomeh , Mirsadeghi Sara , Naghdabadi Zahra , Ghaneezabadi Mahdieh , Fardmanesh Mehdi , Baharvand Hossein , Kiani Sahar 
Published: April 2019

AbstractA large number of treatment approaches have been used for spinal cord injury improvement, a medically incurable disorder, and subsequently stem cell transplantation appears to be a promising strategy. The main objective of this study is to ascertain whether combinational therapy of human neural stem cells (hNSCs) together with lithium chloride improves cell survival, proliferation, and differentiation in a rat spinal contusion model, or not.Contusive spinal cord injury was implemented on Wistar male rats. Experimental groups comprised of: control, hNSCs transplanted, lithium chloride (Li), and hNSCs and lithium chloride (hNSCs + Li). In every experimental group, locomotor activity score and motor evoked potential (MEP) were performed to evaluate motor recovery as well as histological assessments to determine mechanisms of improvement.In accordance with our results, the hNSCs + Li and the Li groups showed significant improvement in locomotor scores and MEP. Also, Histological assessments revealed that transplanted hNSCs are capable of differentiation and migration along the spinal cord. Although NESTIN‐positive cells were proliferated significantly in the Lithium group in comparison with control and the hNSCs + Li groups, the quantity of ED1 cells in the hNSCs + Li was significantly larger than the other two groups.Our results demonstrate that combinational therapy of hNSCs with lithium chloride and lithium chloride individually are adequate for ameliorating more than partial functional recovery and endogenous repair in spinal cord‐injured rats.
New potentials for 3‐hydroxy‐3‐methyl‐glutaryl‐coenzymeA reductase inhibitors: Possible applications in retarding diabetic complications
Authors: Bahrambeigi Saman , Rahimi Mahdi , Yousefi Bahman , Shafiei‐Irannejad Vahid 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe prevalence of diabetes mellitus is increasing all over the world and it is apparent that treatment of diabetic complications has the same importance as primary diabetes treatment and glycemic control. Diabetic complications occur as a result of prolonged hyperglycemia and its consequences, such as advanced glycation end products and reactive oxygen species. Impairment of lipid profile is also contributed to worsening diabetic complications. Therefore, it seems that the application of lipid‐lowering agents may have positive effects on reversing diabetic complications besides glycemic control. Statins, a group of lipid‐lowering compounds, have been shown to exert antioxidant, immunomodulatory, anti‐inflammatory, and antiproliferative properties beyond their lipid‐lowering effects. Furthermore, they have been reported to improve diabetic complications with different pathways. In this review, we will discuss the clinical importance, molecular biology of the most important microvascular/macrovascular diabetic complications, possible application of statins and their mechanism of action in retarding these complications.
Polyphenolic flavonoid (Myricetin) upregulated proteasomal degradation mechanisms: Eliminates neurodegenerative proteins aggregation
Authors: Joshi Vibhuti , Mishra Ribhav , Upadhyay Arun , Amanullah Ayeman , Poluri Krishna Mohan , Singh Sarika , Kumar Amit , Mishra Amit 
Published: April 2019

AbstractMajor neurodegenerative disorders are characterized by the formation of misfolded proteins aggregates inside or outside the neuronal cells. Previous studies suggest that aberrant proteins aggregates play a critical role in protein homeostasis imbalance and failure of protein quality control (PQC) mechanism, leading to disease conditions. However, we still do not understand the precise mechanisms of PQC failure and cellular dysfunctions associated with neurodegenerative diseases caused by the accumulation of protein aggregates. Here, we show that Myricetin, a flavonoid, can eliminate various abnormal proteins from the cellular environment via modulating endogenous levels of Hsp70 chaperone and quality control (QC)‐E3 ubiquitin ligase E6‐AP. We have observed that Myricetin treatment suppresses the aggregation of different aberrant proteins. Myricetin also enhances the elimination of various toxic neurodegenerative diseases associated proteins from the cells, which could be reversed by the addition of putative proteasome inhibitor (MG132). Remarkably, Myricetin can also stabilize E6‐AP and reduce the misfolded proteins inclusions, which further alleviates cytotoxicity. Taken together these findings suggested that new mechanistic and therapeutic insights based on small molecules mediated regulation of disturbed protein quality control mechanism, which may result in the maintenance of the state of proteostasis.
Background parenchymal enhancement on breast MRI: A comprehensive review
Authors: Liao Geraldine J. , Henze Bancroft Leah C. , Strigel Roberta M. , Chitalia Rhea D. , Kontos Despina , Moy Linda , Partridge Savannah C. , Rahbar Habib 
Published: April 2019

The degree of normal fibroglandular tissue that enhances on breast MRI, known as background parenchymal enhancement (BPE), was initially described as an incidental finding that could affect interpretation performance. While BPE is now established to be a physiologic phenomenon that is affected by both endogenous and exogenous hormone levels, evidence supporting the notion that BPE frequently masks breast cancers is limited. However, compelling data have emerged to suggest BPE is an independent marker of breast cancer risk and breast cancer treatment outcomes. Specifically, multiple studies have shown that elevated BPE levels, measured qualitatively or quantitatively, are associated with a greater risk of developing breast cancer. Evidence also suggests that BPE could be a predictor of neoadjuvant breast cancer treatment response and overall breast cancer treatment outcomes. These discoveries come at a time when breast cancer screening and treatment have moved toward an increased emphasis on targeted and individualized approaches, of which the identification of imaging features that can predict cancer diagnosis and treatment response is an increasingly recognized component. Historically, researchers have primarily studied quantitative tumor imaging features in pursuit of clinically useful biomarkers. However, the need to segment less well‐defined areas of normal tissue for quantitative BPE measurements presents its own unique challenges. Furthermore, there is no consensus on the optimal timing on dynamic contrast‐enhanced MRI for BPE quantitation. This article comprehensively reviews BPE with a particular focus on its potential to increase precision approaches to breast cancer risk assessment, diagnosis, and treatment. It also describes areas of needed future research, such as the applicability of BPE to women at average risk, the biological underpinnings of BPE, and the standardization of BPE characterization.Level of Evidence: 3Technical Efficacy Stage: 5 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2020;51:43–61.
Nurturing and Enhancing Creativity of Nursing Students in Taiwan: A Quasi‐Experimental Study
Authors: Liu Hsing‐Yuan , Wang I‐Teng , Huang Ding‐Hau , Hsu Ding‐Yang , Han Hui‐Mei 
Published: April 2019

AbstractCreativity and innovation are considered important measures of core competence in Taiwan for students of all levels, including nursing students. Integrating creativity with interdisciplinary teaching modules could increase creativity for nursing students; however, this has not been empirically determined. The purpose of this study was to determine if incorporating interdisciplinary teaching into a teaching for creativity module (TCM) could enhance creative thinking and creative abilities of nursing students. Students enrolled in a capstone nursing course for the development of healthcare‐related products were divided into 2 groups. Both groups participated in the 18‐week course; however, one group received creativity training with interdisciplinary teaching during the course, which was taught by nursing faculty who completed a TCM workshop. Students who received the interdisciplinary TCM intervention scored significantly higher than controls on measures of creative thinking. Our findings suggest a TCM program, which incorporates interdisciplinary teaching, and instruction in techniques for creativity, such as brainstorming, attribute listing, assessment matrix, and paired comparison, can stimulate divergent thinking abilities of nursing students.
A novel online prognostic tool to predict long‐term survival after liver resection for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: The “metro‐ticket” paradigm
Authors: Sahara Kota , Tsilimigras Diamantis I. , Mehta Rittal , Bagante Fabio , Guglielmi Alfredo , Aldrighetti Luca , Alexandrescu Sorin , Marques Hugo P. , Shen Feng , Koerkamp Bas G. , Endo Itaru , Pawlik Timothy M. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of the current study was to develop an online calculator to predict survival after liver resection for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) based on the “metro‐ticket” paradigm.MethodsBetween 1990 and 2016, patients who underwent liver resection for ICC were identified in an international multi‐institutional database. The final multivariable model of survival was used to develop an online prognostic calculator of survival.ResultsAmong 643 patients, actual 5‐year overall survival (OS) after resection for ICC was 42.7%. On multivariable analysis, CA19‐9 > 200 (hazard ratio (HR), 2.62; 95% CI, 2.01‐3.42), sum of the number and largest tumor size >7 (HR, 1.88; 95% CI, 1.46‐2.42), N1 disease (HR, 2.87; 95% CI, 1.98‐4.16), R1 resection (HR, 1.72; 95% CI, 1.21‐2.46), poor/undifferentiated tumor grade (HR, 1.74; 95% CI, 1.25‐2.44), major vascular invasion (HR, 1.47; 95% CI, 1.03‐2.10), and adjuvant chemotherapy (HR, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.45‐0.89) were significantly associated with survival and were included in the online calculator. The predictive accuracy of the model was good to very good as the C‐statistics to predict 5‐year OS was 0.696 in the training dataset and 0.672 with bootstrapping resamples (n = 5000) in the test dataset.ConclusionA novel, online calculator was developed to estimate the 5‐year survival probability for patients undergoing resection for ICC. This tool could help provide useful information to guide treatment decision‐making and inform conversations about prognosis.
Family firms’ identity communication and consumers’ product involvement impact on consumer response
Authors: Alonso‐Dos‐Santos Manuel , Llanos‐Contreras Orlando , Farías Pablo 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to determine whether the image transfer theory and the elaboration likelihood model can provide a theoretical framework capable of assessing the influence of consumers’ product involvement and family firms’ identity communication through websites on consumer responses. This research conducted an experiment using an eye‐tracking technique measuring attention to family and nonfamily corporate websites. The procedure involved 120 participants. Consistent with the image transfer theory, family firms’ identity through websites positively impacts attitude toward the website and intention to buy. Additionally, the attitude toward the website affects the relationship between family firms’ identity through websites and the intention to buy. In line with the elaboration likelihood model, consumers’ product involvement negatively impacts the relationship between family firms’ identity through websites and intention to buy.
Antimicrobial resistant and extended‐spectrum β‐lactamase producing Escherichia coli in common wild bird species in Switzerland
Authors: Zurfluh Katrin , Albini Sarah , Mattmann Prisca , Kindle Patrick , Nüesch‐Inderbinen Magdalena , Stephan Roger , Vogler Barbara R. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractA total of 294 fecal swabs from 294 wild birds in Switzerland were cultivated for antimicrobial resistant (AMR) Escherichia coli. Samples were also subcultivated to detect E. coli with extended‐spectrum β‐lactamases (ESBL), carbapenemases, and plasmid‐mediated aminoglycoside or colistin resistance, respectively. Samples from 17 (5.8%) of the birds contained 19 AMR E. coli, whereof 26.3% were multidrug resistant. Five (1.7%) ESBL‐producing E. coli were detected. The isolates harbored blaCTX‐M‐1 (two isolated from carrion crows and from one great spotted woodpecker, respectively), blaCTX‐M‐15 (originating from a grey heron), blaCTX‐M‐55 (from a carrion crow), and blaCTX‐M‐65 (from a common blackbird). Phylogenetic analysis assigned three isolates to commensal phylogroups A and B1, one to extraintestinal pathogenic group B2, and one to phylogroup F. Multilocus sequence typing identified sequence types (STs) that have been found previously in ESBL E. coli in wild birds (ST58, ST205, ST540). One isolate harboring blaCTX‐M‐55 was assigned to the recently emerged fluoroquinolone‐resistant, extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli clone ST1193. Wild birds have the potential to disperse AMR, including clinically important resistance genes, from anthropogenic‐influenced habitats to diverse areas, including vulnerable natural environments such as surface waters or mountain regions.
Dual DNA topoisomerase 1 and tyrosyl‐DNA phosphodiesterase 1 inhibition for improved anticancer activity
Authors: Zakharenko Alexandra , Dyrkheeva Nadezhda , Lavrik Olga 
Published: April 2019

AbstractTyrosyl‐DNA phosphodiesterase 1 (Tdp1) is a DNA repair enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of the phosphodiester bond in the DNA‐topoisomerase 1 (Top1) covalent complex and repairs some other 3′‐end DNA adducts. Currently, Tdp1 functions as an important target in cancer drug design owing to its ability to break down various DNA adducts induced by chemotherapeutics. Tdp1 inhibitors may sensitize tumor cells to the action of Top1 poisons, thereby potentiating their effects. This mini‐review summarizes findings from studies reporting the combined inhibition of Top1 and Tdp1. Two different approaches have been considered for developing such drug precursors.
Drug delivery systems designed to overcome antimicrobial resistance
Authors: Pham Thanh‐Nhat , Loupias Pauline , Dassonville‐Klimpt Alexandra , Sonnet Pascal 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAntimicrobial resistance has emerged as a huge challenge to the effective treatment of infectious diseases. Aside from a modest number of novel anti‐infective agents, very few new classes of antibiotics have been successfully developed for therapeutic use. Despite the research efforts of numerous scientists, the fight against antimicrobial (ATB) resistance has been a longstanding continued effort, as pathogens rapidly adapt and evolve through various strategies, to escape the action of ATBs. Among other mechanisms of resistance to antibiotics, the sophisticated envelopes surrounding microbes especially form a major barrier for almost all anti‐infective agents. In addition, the mammalian cell membrane presents another obstacle to the ATBs that target intracellular pathogens. To negotiate these biological membranes, scientists have developed drug delivery systems to help drugs traverse the cell wall; these are called “Trojan horse” strategies. Within these delivery systems, ATB molecules can be conjugated with one of many different types of carriers. These carriers could include any of the following: siderophores, antimicrobial peptides, cell‐penetrating peptides, antibodies, or even nanoparticles. In recent years, the Trojan horse‐inspired delivery systems have been increasingly reported as efficient strategies to expand the arsenal of therapeutic solutions and/or reinforce the effectiveness of conventional ATBs against drug‐resistant microbes, while also minimizing the side effects of these drugs. In this paper, we aim to review and report on the recent progress made in these newly prevalent ATB delivery strategies, within the current context of increasing ATB resistance.
Efflux pump inhibitors of clinically relevant multidrug resistant bacteria
Authors: Lamut Andraž , Peterlin Mašič Lucija , Kikelj Danijel , Tomašič Tihomir 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBacterial infections are an increasingly serious issue worldwide. The inability of existing therapies to treat multidrug‐resistant pathogens has been recognized as an important challenge of the 21st century. Efflux pumps are important in both intrinsic and acquired bacterial resistance and identification of small molecule efflux pump inhibitors (EPIs), capable of restoring the effectiveness of available antibiotics, is an active research field. In the last two decades, much effort has been made to identify novel EPIs. However, none of them has so far been approved for therapeutic use.In this article, we explore different structural families of currently known EPIs for multidrug resistance efflux systems in the most extensively studied pathogens (NorA in Staphylococcus aureus, AcrAB‐TolC in Escherichia coli, and MexAB‐OprM in Pseudomonas aeruginosa). Both synthetic and natural compounds are described, with structure‐activity relationship studies and optimization processes presented systematically for each family individually. In vitro activities against selected test strains are presented in a unifying manner for all the EPIs described, together with the most important toxicity, pharmacokinetic and in vivo efficacy data. A critical evaluation of lead‐likeness characteristics and the potential for clinical development of the most promising inhibitors of the three efflux systems is described. This overview of EPIs is a good starting point for the identification of novel effective antibacterial drugs.
The frequency of CNVs in a cohort population of consecutive fetuses with congenital anomalies after the termination of pregnancy
Authors: Rudolf Gorazd , Lovrečić Luca , Tul Nataša , Teran Nataša , Peterlin Borut 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe implementation of molecular karyotyping has resulted in an improved diagnostic yield in the genetic diagnostics of congenital anomalies, detected prenatally or after the termination of pregnancy. However, the systematic epidemiologic ascertainment of copy number variations in the etiology of congenital anomalies has not yet been sufficiently explored.MethodsConsecutive fetuses, altogether 204, with major single or multiple congenital anomalies were ascertained by using the SLOCAT registry for the period from 2011 to 2015. After excluding aneuploidies by using conventional karyotyping or Quantitative Fluorescence‐Polymerase Chain Reaction, array comparative genomic hybridization was performed for the detection of copy number variations.ResultsWe identified pathogenic or likely pathogenic copy number variations in 14 fetuses (6.8%); 2.9% in fetuses with isolated, and 3.9% in fetuses with multiple congenital anomalies. Additionally, aneuploidies and major structural chromosomal abnormalities were detected in 40.2%.ConclusionOur systematic approach of ascertaining congenital anomalies resulted in explaining the etiology of congenital anomalies in 47% of fetuses after the termination of pregnancy. By using array comparative genomic hybridization, we found that copy number variations represent an important part in the etiology of multiple, as well as isolated congenital anomalies, which indicates the importance of analyzing copy number variations in the diagnostic approach of fetuses with congenital anomalies after the termination of pregnancy.
Noninvasive prenatal testing for fetal subchromosomal copy number variations and chromosomal aneuploidy by low‐pass whole‐genome sequencing
Authors: Yu Dongyi , Zhang Kai , Han Meiyan , Pan Wei , Chen Ying , Wang Yunfeng , Jiao Hongyan , Duan Ling , Zhu Qiying , Song Xiaojie , Hong Yan , Chen Chen , Wang Juan , Hui Feng , Huang Linzhou , Chen Chongjian , Du Yang 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackgroundExpanding noninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT) to include the detection of fetal subchromosomal copy number variations (CNVs) significantly decreased the sensitivity and specificity. Developing analytic pipeline to achieve high performance in the noninvasive detection of CNVs will largely contribute to the application of CNVs screening in clinical practice.MethodsWe developed the Noninvasively Prenatal Subchromosomal Copy number variation Detection (NIPSCCD) method based on low‐pass whole‐genome sequencing, and evaluated its efficacy in detecting fetal CNVs and chromosomal aneuploidies with 20,003 pregnant women.ResultsTotally, NIPSCCD identified 36 CNVs, including 29 CNVs consistent and 7 CNVs inconsistent with amniocytes tests. Additionally, seven fetal CNVs identified by amniocytes testing were undetected by NIPSCCD. The sensitivities for detecting CNVs > 10 Mb, 5 Mb–10 Mb, and CNVs < 5 Mb were 91.67%, 100.00%, and 68.42%, respectively. Moreover, NIPSCCD identified 103/ true positive trisomy 21/18/13 cases and 21 false positives, producing an overall 100.00% sensitivity and 99.89% specificity.ConclusionNIPSCCD showed a good performance in detecting fetal subchromosomal CNVs, especially for CNVs >10 Mb, and can be incorporated into the routine NIPT chromosomal aneuploidies screening with high sensitivity and specificity.
Resveratrol Treatment Ameliorates Leptin Resistance and Adiposity Programed by the Combined Effect of Maternal and Post‐Weaning High‐Fat Diet
Authors: Yu Hong‐Ren , Sheen Jiunn‐Ming , Tiao Mao‐Meng , Tain You‐Lin , Chen Chih‐Cheng , Lin I‐Chun , Lai Yun‐Ju , Tsai Ching‐Chou , Lin Yu‐Ju , Tsai Ching‐Chang , Chang Kow‐Aung , Huang Li‐Tung 
Published: April 2019

ScopePrenatal high‐fat (HF) and postnatal HF diet are both associated with obesity and metabolic disturbances in adults. Leptin resistance induced by obesity limits its biological effects. The anti‐obesity mechanism of resveratrol in visceral adiposity is investigated here.Methods and resultsDuring mating and lactation, Sprague–Dawley dams are fed either control or a HF diet. Subsequently, the offspring are fed chow or an HF diet. A fifth group that received maternal/postnatal HF diet and resveratrol after weaning (HHR) is used to study the effects of resveratrol treatment. Resveratrol treatment alleviates adiposity programed by maternal and postnatal HF diet by decreasing feed intake or inducing metabolic changes. Resveratrol treatment is also found to ameliorate the decrease in SIRT1 abundance observed in retroperitoneal adipose tissue, programed by maternal and postnatal HF diet. Moreover, resveratrol therapy decreases plasma leptin level and increases leptin receptor expression in retroperitoneal adipose tissue through DNA methylation modification.ConclusionThese results suggest that resveratrol can alleviate peripheral leptin resistance programed by the combined effect of prenatal and postnatal HF diet through epigenetic regulation of genes coding leptin and its receptor. It provides insights into a novel mechanism explaining the beneficial effects of resveratrol in obesity management.