bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Environmental associations ofHesperia dacotae(Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae) in southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada
Authors: Seidle Kelsey M. , Lamb Eric G. , Bedard-Haughn Angela , DeVink Jean-Michel 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe Dakota skipper,Hesperia dacotae(Skinner, 1911) (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae), is an at-risk butterfly that inhabits mesic mixed-grass prairie. Loss of native prairie is the main factor driving declines in Dakota skipper abundance. Currently, there is little knowledge on the environmental and habitat requirements of Saskatchewan, Canada populations. Our objective was to determine environmental associations of Dakota skipper in Saskatchewan through landscape, vegetation, soil, climate, microclimate, and Hesperiidae butterfly occupancy. Data collection was conducted in 2015 and 2016; a total of 46 sites were surveyed; nine of these were Dakota skipper positive (i.e., present) sites and 37 were negative (i.e., non-detected) sites. Results indicate that plant composition is not a significant predictor of Dakota skipper presence, but three plant species are significantly associated with the species;Pediomelum argophyllum(Pursh) Grimes (Fabaceae),Zizia aptera(Gray) Fernald (Apiaceae), andSchizachyrium scoparium(Michaux) Nash (Poaceae). No soil or climate variables were significant predictors of Dakota skipper presence; however it is significantly associated with steep slopes. Warmer maximum and average ground-level temperatures are also associated with Dakota skipper presence. Findings indicate that additional Dakota skipper populations are likely in Saskatchewan and future targeted surveys will allow for a full evaluation of the distribution of this species and conservation status.
Sustainable supply chain initiatives in reducing greenhouse gas emission within the road freight industry
Authors: Makan Hemisha , Heyns Gert J. 
Published: July 2018

Background: Global supply chains have evolved from a traditional simple supply chain to one that is filled with complexities and uncertainties. The increase in road freight transportation has resulted in an escalation in the emission of greenhouse gases (GHG) into the atmosphere, impacting climate change.Objectives: The purpose of this article was to investigate the implementation of sustainable supply chain initiatives in reducing GHG emissions within the South African road freight transport industry.Method: This research utilised a case study approach and used primary data, obtained through self-administered questionnaires, to explore the adopting sustainable transport management practices.Results: The main drivers for implementing sustainable initiatives are pressure from consumer and brand protection, pressure from top management, and cost saving and revenue. Eco-driving, eco-routing and increasing vehicle carrying capacity are the most adopted sustainable supply chain initiatives implemented. The key benefits resulting from implementing sustainable initiatives were operational cost savings, improved competitive advantage and enhanced supplier relationships. Also, the lack of government support, lack of understanding of the cost and insufficient manpower were identified as the foremost challenges associated with the implementation of these sustainable initiatives.Conclusion: The results reveal that organisations are placed under enormous pressure to implement sustainable practices. This study identifies various sustainable initiatives to reduce GHG emissions and addresses the associated benefits and challenges when implementing these initiatives.
Music-inspired free play to foster scientific exploration in early childhood
Authors: Van Vreden Mignon 
Published: July 2018

Background: The importance of music and play in early childhood development is widely acknowledged. However, no recent studies have investigated the potential of music-inspired free play to foster scientific exploration. Aim: The purpose of this qualitative case study is to explain the rationale in utilising musical skills, knowledge and experiences during free play to foster scientific exploration, applying a constructivist approach with the learner placed at the centre of the educational process, while the teacher acts as observer and facilitator. Setting: Data were primarily collected through documents to create a concept map that informed observations of preschoolers during free play at two day-care centres in Mohadin in the North-West Province of South Africa. Methods: An explanatory case study provided the context for this study and a document analysis informed the findings. Results: Through data analysis, key themes were identified from the literature and observations to generate a conceptual model that illustrates the influence of music-inspired free play to foster scientific exploration by stimulating creativity and emphasising the necessity of free play in preschool settings. Conclusion: The conclusion of this investigation was a better understanding of the capacity of young learners to apply scientific exploration, utilising a transdisciplinary approach for teaching and learning the sciences in the early years to develop a better understanding of their world through music-inspired free play.
An evaluation of interest deduction limitations to counter base erosion in South Africa
Authors: Van der Zwan Pieter , Schutte Daniel P. , Krugell Waldo 
Published: July 2018

Background: The Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) made a number of recommendations in relation to interest deduction limitations as part of the Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (BEPS) project. In 2016 the South African National Treasury indicated that the interest deduction limitations contained in the Income Tax Act would be reviewed in the light of these recommendations. Aim: This paper aimed to describe funding structures of companies in South Africa liable for tax and how this relates to other characteristics, including ownership, of the companies. Setting: The research was performed using data from tax returns submitted by companies liable for income tax in South Africa. Methods: This paper reports on descriptive analyses of the research conducted. Results: The results showed that the mean interest-to-earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortisation (EBITDA) ratio for certain foreign-owned entities differed significantly from that of domestically owned entities. Conclusion: The results may present evidence of profit-shifting activities. They also highlight trends in interest-to-EBITDA ratios that may be of relevance for future legislative developments. Further related research is required if interest deduction limitations in the South African tax legislation are to be reviewed in light of the OECD proposals.
The influence of a 360-degree performance appraisal on labour productivity in an automotive manufacturing organisation
Authors: Zondo Robert W.D. 
Published: July 2018

Background: South Africa’s (SAs) decline in labour productivity in the manufacturing sector is a cause for concern. The sector turns to employees for innovative productivity improvement initiatives. Employees need to know what activities they are currently performing that need to improve. This is where a 360-degree performance appraisal system plays a growing role. The 360-degree performance appraisal is a valuable tool that provides an opportunity for employees to work together to identify strengths and areas that need improvement. Aim: This study investigates the influence of a 360-degree performance appraisal system for the improvement of labour productivity in the automotive parts manufacturing sector in SA. Settings: The study investigated the production and related experiences of an automotive parts manufacturing company that has adopted a 360-degree strategy. The company operates in the eThekwini district Municipality in KwaZulu-Natal. It assessed if 360-degree performance appraisal is responsible for the company’s labour productivity improvements. Methods: The investigation was achieved by collecting pre- and post-360-degree quarterly data for spoilage, absenteeism, capital investment and labour productivity. Results: The 360-degree performance appraisal has no influence on labour productivity improvement. However, past capital investment plays a significant role in labour productivity increase. Results also showed a relationship between spoilage rate and labour productivity improvement. Conclusion: In order to maximise performance, a comprehensive performance policy must be developed, which aligns employee appraisal to performance. The study uncovered the strengths and weaknesses of a 360-degree performance appraisal system for labour productivity improvement in SA.
Die kerkorde van die Nederduitse Gereformeerde Kerk 2013: Kanaal of hindernis vir kerklike tug?
Authors: Strauss Piet J. 
Published: July 2018

The church order of the Dutch Reformed Church of 2013: Channel or stumbling block for church discipline? There is a widely accepted stand in reformed churches not to accept detailed prescriptions in its church order for church discipline. Church assemblies tasked with church discipline need space to undertake this according to God’s Word, with a pastoral approach, the well-being of the church and its members in mind, and a good deal of common sense. Despite this, the Dutch Reformed Church accepted detailed rules and regulations for discipline as a binding addendum to its church order in 1974. This addendum was scrapped in 1998. However, a new addendum was again accepted in 2011. This article asks the question whether the binding articles and regulations of this church is a proper channel or a stumpling block for discipline in its midst.Intradisciplinary and/or interdisciplinary implications: This article is based on a philosophical-sociological distinction between the discipline of the church as a society of faith and discipline in other institutions of society. The discipline of the church implies that the church is as an institution of faith, in this case, must also act according to the natural rules of justice and justice in terms of its own calling as an institution of the Christian faith. These rules and the church order as an instrument for procedure in the church, are the grounds on which a civil court, when asked to, can rehearse a decision of an assembly of the church. This is not about the merit of the church content of the decisions, but the procedure. The article also makes extensive use of ecclesiological matter or a dogmatic church concept that must be maintained in criminal matters. The challenge: the church remains theoretically and in practice church.
Minimum intervention management of diastema closure using cordless displacement system and laminate veneers: A 2-year follow-up
Authors: Maluly-Proni Ana Teresa , Oliveira-Reis Bruna , Assunção Wirley Gonçalves , Santos Paulo Henrique Dos 
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACTThis case report presents a minimally invasive diastema treatment using cordless gingival displacement system allowing a very conservative intervention. A 32-year-old female patient who presented with diastema in her upper front teeth opted for a treatment using laminate veneers to ensure achieving adequate tooth proportion and gingival levels. Having a displacement material that exerts excessive pressure during the displacement process can lead to disruption of the junctional epithelium and damage to periodontal tissues. This case report focuses on the effectiveness of the use of a minimally invasive method of gingival management. Two-year follow-up no infiltration, sensitivities, or fractures were detected on teeth, and indirect restorations, the purposed treatment allowed a quick, effective, and durable resolution for diastema.
Oral health literacy and its determinants among adults in Southeast Iran
Authors: Mohammadi Tayebeh Malek , Malekmohammadi Mahsa , Hajizamani Hamid Reza , Mahani Shahla Ayobi 
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACT
Objective: The present study aimed to assess oral health literacy level and its related factors among adult patients visiting Kerman Dental School. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Kerman Dental School clinic, among the first-time adult visitors. Individuals were selected randomly from volunteers who signed study consent forms. Background information and oral health literacy levels were acquired through the oral health literacy-adult questionnaire. Statistical analysis including the Chi-square test and independent t-test served for statistical evaluation of the study data. Results: Participants were 264 adults which consisted of 72.3% women and the mean age of 37 ± 8 years old. The mean oral health literacy score was 12.07 (out of 17), and 62.5% of the participants had an adequate oral health literacy level. There was a significant relationship between oral health literacy scores with gender, high level of education, and oral health behavior. Conclusion: The study participants had a good level of oral health literacy which can be correlated with their educational status and oral health information sources. An oral health educational program for less educated people is recommended.
Endodontic irrigants: Different methods to improve efficacy and related problems
Authors: Dioguardi Mario , Gioia Giovanni Di , Illuzzi Gaetano , Laneve Enrica , Cocco Armando , Troiano Giuseppe 
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACTShaping and cleaning a root canal system along with the preservation of the surrounding periodontal tissues are the principal goals of an endodontic treatment. While most of the attention is paid to the mechanical aspects of a root canal treatment, an essential feature of it is the irrigation. All over the years, many materials have been used to clean the root canal of a tooth, and certainly, the sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid solutions are the most used and most reliable ones. Putting them inside of a canal is mostly done using a normal syringe, but many techniques have been involved in this process, including the use of sonic/ultrasonic instruments, the use of shaping files, and even laser, to increase the efficacy of irrigant solutions, especially of NaOCl one. Each one of this technique faces some disadvantages, just as the vapor lock effect and the apical extrusion, and has a different action on features such as the reaction rate and the shear stress of an endodontic irrigant solution. In this narrative review, we describe the different features of many irrigant solutions and the different ways of upgrading their efficacy in the cleaning of a root canal system, with the use of tables to summarize the entire description, and drawing the readers' attention to a photographic illustration for a better understanding of the topic.
Diffusion of calcium hydroxide through dentinal tubules of retreated root canals: An in vitro study
Authors: Mustafa Mohammed , Alaajam Wafa Hassan , Azeim Ahmed Abdul , Alfayi Najla Aedh , Alqobty Rahaif Misfer , Alghannam Shahad 
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACTObjective: Studies about the dispersion of hydroxyl ions through dentin of endodontically retreated teeth are scarce. The present study aims at examining the diffusion of calcium hydroxide in vitro by recording the pH changes of retreated root canal using two types of calcium hydroxide preparations. Materials and Methods: A total of 45 recently extracted single-rooted mandibular first premolars were collected and cleaned from calculus and remains of periodontal tissue. The teeth so collected were stored in thymol 10% solution till use. During collection, teeth with cracks, open apices, and restorations were excluded. Root canal preparations were performed using Protaper rotary system files, till #F3 file. All canals were obturated using cold lateral condensation and zinc oxide-based sealer. After 7 days, all gutta-percha were removed and the canals were irrigated with normal saline. The teeth were then randomly distributed into three groups. Canals in Group I were kept empty without any dressing to serve as a negative control group, Canals in Group II were filled with a freshly prepared mixture of calcium hydroxide powder with normal saline solution, and Group III was filled with Metapex. Periodically, the calcium hydroxide material was removed and the pH was measured using pH meter at 7, 10, 14, and 30 days. Results: The pH values of Group II and III ranged between 9.2 and 11.2. This was found to be highly significant against the negative control group. After 7 and 10 days, freshly mixed Ca(OH)2 showed the higher pH than the creamy Metapex, and statistically the difference was highly significant after 10 days (P<0.001). After 14 days, Metapex group pH was higher than freshly mixed Ca(OH)2, but it was not statistically significant as they reached nearly the same pH after 30 days (P>0.05). Conclusion: All Ca(OH)2 preparations had high pH around the roots after 7 and 10 days. Metapex continued to have higher pH after 14 days.
Cone-beam computed tomography analysis on root and canal morphology of mandibular first permanent molar among multiracial population in East Coast Malaysian population
Authors: Deng Prunella Ubung , Halim Mohamad Syahrizal , Masudi Sam'an Malik , Al-Shehadat Saaid , Ahmad Basaruddin 
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACT
Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the variations in the number of root and canal in the mandibular first permanent molars (MFPMs) teeth in East Coast Malaysian population using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and Methods: CBCT images which show MFPMs recorded in HUSM Dental Clinic between January 2015 and June 2016 was obtained and analyzed for their number of roots and canals. A total of 208 CBCT images of MFPMs were collected; 118 patients had unilateral molars and 90 patients had bilateral molars. The following observations were made: (1) root number; (2) number of canals per root; and (3) comparisons of number of roots and canals according to gender, ethnicity, and position. Results: The majority of cases of bilateral MFPM had the same number of roots (95.6%, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 89.01%, 98.78%) on both the right and left side and only 4 cases (4.4%, 95% CI: 1.22%, 10.99%) had 3 roots on the right and 2 roots on the left sides. The majority of cases had the same number of canals on both sides (66.7%, 95% CI: 55.95, 76.26%) and 33.3% (95% CI: 23.74%, 44.05%) with unequal number of canals. The occurrence of the number of canals was not independent of the sides of the arch (P < 0.001) and there was statistically significantly greater proportion of cases who had greater number of canals on the right side than the left (P = 0.03). The prevalence of right single-rooted MFPM was very small at 0.3% (n = 1) in a Malay male (95% CI: 0.00, 1.83) and the most prevalent was two roots first molar (88.4%). The number of roots was not associated with sex or ethnic group (P > 0.05). The MFPM with a single root was found to have only one mesial canal. For two rooted MFPM, the most prevalent occurrence was two canals at the mesial and one canal at the distal roots (59%); followed by single canals in each mesial and distal (21%) and double canals per root (18%). Three roots MFPM have either single or double canals in the mesial root and double canals in the distal root. Conclusions: The majority of population in the East Coast region of Malaysia has two roots and three root canals in their MFPMs. There was no difference in the number of roots between gender and ethnic and canals between ethnic.
Mejora de la autoeficacia, el nivel de ansiedad y el rendimiento en la redacción y la defensa oral del Trabajo Fin de Máster a través del uso de las Nuevas Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación
Authors: Collado Silvia , Fidalgo Camino , Senís Juan 
Published: July 2018

Los alumnos de Máster se enfrentan a la redacción y la defensa oral del Trabajo Fin de Máster (TFM) con ansiedad, y con un nivel bajo de competencias necesarias para su correcta realización. El presente trabajo muestra los resultados de un proyecto de innovación docente que tiene por objetivo aumentar la autoeficacia y el rendimiento del alumnado en la redacción del TFM en la Universidad de Zaragoza. Para ello, se han diseñado cuatro seminarios y una asignatura específica que cubren las competencias clave a adquirir por el alumnado para la redacción del TFM, y se ha evaluado la autoeficacia, el nivel de ansiedad y el nivel de redimiento de los alumnos mediante un procedimiento experimental pre-post. El proyecto ha estado apoyado por la plataforma Moodle, de manera que todo el material era accesible a los alumnos a través de dicha plataforma y la evaluación y co-evaluación de los participantes se hizo a través de la misma. Los resultados muestran que existen diferencias estadísticamente significativas en la autoeficacia, el nivel de ansiedad y el rendimiento de los sujetos antes y después de participar en el programa. Así, los sujetos se consideran más eficaces en la redacción y defensa oral del TFM al finalizar el programa, muestran menores niveles de ansiedad y mayor rendimiento.Palabras clave: Autoeficacia, Moodle, Máster, Trabajo Fin de Máster, Rendimiento, Coevaluación, Evaluación Formativa, Habilidades comunicativas
Red de Tecnoparques del Servicio Nacional de Aprendizaje - SENA - Colombia. Una mirada desde la línea de ingeniería y diseño nodo Bogotá
Authors: Triana Arévalo Adela Marcela , Gómez Bohórquez John Eduard , Ávila Forero Juan Sebastián 
Published: July 2018

El Servicio Nacional de Aprendizaje SENA (Sena.edu.co, 2018) es una institución pública colombiana que ofrece programas de formación complementaria y titulada.​ Enfatiza su misión en la capacitación técnica del recurso humano; formando personas para vincularlas al mercado laboral​ y realiza actividades de desarrollo empresarial, comunitario y tecnológico. Los Tecnoparques SENA, (Tecnoparque.sena.edu.co, 2018) son un programa de innovación tecnológica dirigida a todos los Colombianos, que actúa como acelerador para el desarrollo de proyectos de I+D+i materializados en prototipos funcionales en cuatro líneas tecnológicas que promueva el emprendimiento de base tecnológica: Electrónica y Telecomunicaciones, Tecnologías Virtuales, Biotecnología, Nanotecnología e Ingeniería y Diseño. Específicamente, para la línea de Ingeniería y Diseño queremos dar a conocer sus servicios y resultados en las siguientes áreas: planeación, análisis y simulación, diseño industrial, ingeniería de productos y procesos, diseño y materiales para la manufactura y ensamble, fabricación digital de productos, ingeniería inversa. Ilustrando los desarrollos a través de algunos proyectos, que tienen potencial de convertirse en empresas de impacto tecnológico o en oportunidades destacadas de vinculación laboral, o venta de productos o servicios. Palabras clave: Innovación, I + D, FabLab, Educación técnica, Emprendimiento.