bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Photoinduced in Vivo Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) with Rapid CO Release from an MnCO‐Protein Needle Composite
Authors: Hyodo Fuminori , Sho Takeya , Maity Basudev , Fujita Kenta , Tachibana Yoko , Akashi Satoko , Mano Megumi , Hishikawa Yuki , Matsuo Masayuki , Ueno Takafumi 
Published: June 2018

AbstractConstruction of an artificial protein needle (PN), which includes the membrane puncturing needle domain of bacteriophage T4 conjugated to Mn carbonyl (MnCO) complexes, is reported. The responsiveness to visible light of the MnCO complex makes it useful as a photoinduced in vivo magnetic resonance imaging contrast reagent (MRI CR), because the PN carrier has the potential to deliver the MnCO complex into mouse tumors with retention of coordination structure within the in vivo environment. Moreover, the composite has higher relaxivity and longer circulation as an MRI CR than the corresponding MnCO complex. These results demonstrate construction of a responsive in vivo MRI CR by using an artificial metalloprotein.
Quality of life as a prognostic indicator of survival: A pooled analysis of individual patient data from canadian cancer trials group clinical trials
Authors: Ediebah Divine E. , Quinten Chantal , Coens Corneel , Ringash Jolie , Dancey Janet , Zikos Efstathios , Gotay Carolyn , Brundage Michael , Tu Dongsheng , Flechtner Hans‐Henning , Greimel Eva , Reeve Bryce B. , Taphoorn Martin , Reijneveld Jaap , Dirven Linda , Bottomley Andrew ,   for the Canadian Cancer Trials Group and the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer
Published: June 2018

BACKGROUNDThe aims of this study were to externally validate an established association between baseline health‐related quality of life (HRQOL) scores and survival and to assess the added prognostic value of HRQOL with respect to demographic and clinical indicators.METHODSPooled data were analyzed from 17 randomized controlled trials opened by the Canadian Cancer Trials Group between 1991 and 2004; they included survival and baseline HRQOL data from 3606 patients with 8 different cancer sites. The models included sex, age (≤60 vs >60 years), World Health Organization performance status (0 or 1 vs 2‐4), distant metastases (no vs yes), and 15 European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Core Quality‐of‐Life Questionnaire (QLQ‐C30) scales. Analyses were conducted with multivariate Cox proportional hazards models and were stratified by cancer site. Harrell's discrimination C‐index was used to calculate the predictive accuracy of the model when HRQOL parameters were added to clinical and demographic variables. The added value of adding HRQOL scales to clinical and demographic variables was illustrated with Kaplan‐Meier curves.RESULTSIn the stratified, multivariate model, HRQOL parameters—global health status (hazard ratio [HR], 0.97; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.95‐1.00;P < . 0001), dyspnea (HR, 1.04; 95% CI, 1.02‐1.06;P < . 0002), and appetite loss (HR, 1.06; 95% CI, 1.04‐1.08;P < . 0001)—were independent prognostic factors in addition to the demographic and clinical variables (allPvalues < .05). Adding these HRQOL variables to the clinical variables resulted in an added relative prognostic value for survival of 5%.CONCLUSIONSThese results confirm previous findings showing that baseline HRQOL scores on the EORTC QLQ‐C30 provide prognostic information in addition to information from clinical measures. However, the impact of specific domains may differ across studies.Cancer2018.©2018 American Cancer Society.
Variation in prostate cancer treatment and spending among Medicare shared savings program accountable care organizations
Authors: Modi Parth K. , Kaufman Samuel R. , Borza Tudor , Yan Phyllis , Miller David C. , Skolarus Ted A. , Hollingsworth John M. , Norton Edward C. , Shahinian Vahakn B. , Hollenbeck Brent K. 
Published: June 2018

BACKGROUNDAccountable care organizations (ACOs) have been shown to reduce prostate cancer treatment among men unlikely to benefit because of competing risks (ie, potential overtreatment). This study assessed whether the level of engagement in ACOs by urologists affected rates of treatment, overtreatment, and spending.METHODSA 20% sample of national Medicare data was used to identify men diagnosed with prostate cancer between 2012 and 2014. The extent of urologist engagement in an ACO, as measured by the proportion of patients in an ACO managed by an ACO‐participating urologist, served as the exposure. The use of treatment, potential overtreatment (ie, treatment in men with a ≥75% risk of 10‐year noncancer mortality), and average payments in the year after diagnosis for each ACO were modeled.RESULTSAmong 2822 men with newly diagnosed prostate cancer, the median rates of treatment and potential overtreatment by an ACO were 71.3% (range, 23.6%‐79.5%) and 53.6% (range, 12.4%‐76.9%), respectively. Average Medicare payments among ACOs in the year after diagnosis ranged from $16,523.52 to $34,766.33. Stronger urologist‐ACO engagement was not associated with treatment (odds ratio, 0.87; 95% confidence interval, 0.6‐1.2; P = .4) or spending (9.7% decrease in spending; P = .08). However, urologist engagement was associated with a lower likelihood of potential overtreatment (odds ratio, 0.29; 95% confidence interval, 0.1‐0.86; P = .03).CONCLUSIONSACOs vary widely in treatment, potential overtreatment, and spending for prostate cancer. ACOs with stronger urologist engagement are less likely to treat men with a high risk of noncancer mortality, and this suggests that organizations that better engage specialists may be able to improve the value of specialty care. Cancer 2018. © 2018 American Cancer Society.
The classification of pediatric and young adult renal cell carcinomas registered on the children's oncology group (COG) protocol AREN03B2 after focused genetic testing
Authors: Cajaiba Mariana M. , Dyer Lisa M. , Geller James I. , Jennings Lawrence J. , George David , Kirschmann Dawn , Rohan Stephen M. , Cost Nicholas G. , Khanna Geetika , Mullen Elizabeth A. , Dome Jeffrey S. , Fernandez Conrad V. , Perlman Elizabeth J. 
Published: June 2018

BACKGROUNDRenal cell carcinomas (RCCs) are rare in young patients. Knowledge of their pathologic and molecular spectrum remains limited, and no prospective studies have been performed to date in this population. This study analyzes patients diagnosed with RCC who were prospectively enrolled in the AREN03B2 Children's Oncology Group (COG). The objective was to classify these tumors with the aid of focused genetic testing and to characterize their features.METHODSAll tumors registered as RCC by central review were retrospectively re‐reviewed and underwent additional ancillary studies. Tumors were classified according to the 2016 World Health Organization classification system when possible.RESULTSIn total, 212 tumors were identified, and these were classified as microphthalmia transcription factor (MiT) translocation RCC (MiT‐RCC) (41.5%), papillary RCC (16.5%), renal medullary carcinoma (12.3%), chromophobe RCC (6.6%), clear cell RCC (3.3%), fumarate hydratase‐deficient RCC (1.4%), and succinate dehydrogenase‐deficient RCC (0.5%). Other subtypes included tuberous sclerosis‐associated RCC (4.2%), anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)‐rearranged RCC (3.8%), thyroid‐like RCC (1.4%), myoepithelial carcinoma (0.9%), and unclassified (7.5%). MiT‐RCCs were classified as either transcription factor E3 (TFE3) (93.2%) or EB (TFEB) (6.8%) translocations, and characterization of fusion partners was possible in most tumors.CONCLUSIONSThe current study delineates the frequency of distinct RCC subtypes in a large prospective series of young patients and contributes knowledge to the diagnostic, clinical, and genetic features of MiT‐RCC, the most common subtype among this age group. The identification of rare subtypes expands the spectrum of RCC in young patients, supporting the need for a thorough diagnostic workup. These studies may aid in the introduction of specific therapies for different RCC subtypes in the future. Cancer 2018. © 2018 American Cancer Society.
Oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum stress in respiratory disease
Authors: Chen Alice C‐H , Burr Lucy , McGuckin Michael A 
Published: June 2018

AbstractOxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress are related states that can occur in cells as part of normal physiology but occur frequently in diseases involving inflammation. In this article, we review recent findings relating to the role of oxidative and ER stress in the pathophysiology of acute and chronic nonmalignant diseases of the lung, including infections, cystic fibrosis, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and asthma. We also explore the potential of drugs targeting oxidative and ER stress pathways to alleviate disease.
Gut microflora may facilitate adaptation to anthropic habitat: A comparative study in Rattus
Authors: Varudkar Amruta , Ramakrishnan Uma 
Published: June 2018

AbstractAnthropophilic species (“commensal” species) that are completely dependent upon anthropic habitats experience different selective pressures particularly in terms of food than their noncommensal counterparts. Using a next‐generation sequencing approach, we characterized and compared the gut microflora community of 53 commensal Rattus rattus and 59 noncommensal Rattus satarae captured in 10 locations in the Western Ghats, India. We observed that, while species identity was important in characterizing the microflora communities of the two Rattus hosts, environmental factors also had a significant effect. While there was significant geographic variation in the microflora of the noncommensal R. satarae, there was no effect of geographic distance on gut microflora of the commensal R. rattus. Interestingly, host genetic distance did not significantly influence the community in either Rattus hosts. Collectively, these results indicate that a shift in habitat is likely to result in a change in the gut microflora community and imply that the gut microflora is a complex trait, influenced by various parameters in different habitats.
Cost‐benefit analysis of acoustic recorders as a solution to sampling challenges experienced monitoring cryptic species
Authors: Williams Emma M. , O'Donnell Colin F. J. , Armstrong Doug P. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe inferences that can be made from any study are limited by the quality of the sampling design. By bad luck, when monitoring species that are difficult to detect (cryptic), sampling designs become dictated by what is feasible rather than what is desired. We calibrated and conducted a cost‐benefit analysis of four acoustic recorder options that were being considered as potential solutions to several sampling restrictions experienced while monitoring the Australasian bittern, a cryptic wetland bird. Such sampling restrictions are commonly experienced while monitoring many different endangered species, particularly those that are cryptic. The recorder options included mono and stereo devices, with two sound file processing options (visual and audible analysis). Recording devices provided call‐count data similar to those collected by field observers but at a fraction of the cost, which meant that “idealistic” sampling regimes, previously thought to be too expensive, became feasible for bitterns. Our study is one of the few to assess the monetary value of recording devices in the context of data quality, allowing trade‐offs (and potential solutions) commonly experienced while monitoring cryptic endangered species to be shown and compared more clearly. The ability to overcome challenges of monitoring cryptic species in this way increases research possibilities for data deficient species and is applicable to any species with similar monitoring challenges.
A comparison of the nutritional content of processed foods available on the French market, according to the type of brand, and potential impact on nutrient intakes—An Oqali study
Authors: Perrin Cécile , Battisti Charlène , Chambefort Amélie , Digaud Olivier , Duplessis Barbara , Volatier Jean‐Luc , Gauvreau‐Béziat Julie , Ménard Céline 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe French Observatory of Food Quality (Oqali) aims to collect all nutrition data provided on processed food labels, at the level of brand products, in order to monitor reformulation and nutrition labeling changes over time. This work aimed to make a cross‐sectional comparison of the nutrition content of processed foods on the French market, according to their type of brand (national brands, retailer brands, entry‐level retailer brands, hard discount, and specialized retailer brands), and to study the potential impact of the differences observed on simulated nutrient intakes. A total of 16,453 branded processed foodstuffs were considered, collected between 2008 and 2011 and divided into 24 food sectors. Labeled nutrition values were compared between types of brands by family of products. Nutrition values were matched with consumption data from the French Individual and National Study on Food Consumption (INCA2) (Afssa, 2006–2007) to determine whether the nutrition differences underlined were magnified or diminished when crossing them with consumption data. Only isolated differences in nutrient contents between types of brands could be highlighted. In the case of a theoretical and exclusive consumption of processed foodstuffs from one specific type of brand, protein intakes from first‐price products (entry‐level retailer brands and hard discount) appeared to be significantly lower than the ones from national or retailer brand products. The absence of systematic differences in the nutrition contents of processed foods from various types of brands is an encouraging result when considering social inequalities and nutrition. As protein intakes in France are currently above recommended levels (Afssa, 2007), consumption of first‐price foodstuffs does not imply any risk of deficiency for French consumers.
Retracted: TPX2 gene silencing inhibits cell proliferation and promotes apoptosis through negative regulation of AKT signaling pathway in ovarian cancer
Authors: Tian Yuan , Liu Lian‐Lian , Guo Dong‐Mei , Wang Yan , Zha Wen‐Hui , Li Yang , Wu Fu‐Ju 
Published: June 2018

AbstractOvarian cancer (OC) is the leading cause of death from gynecological malignancy. Accumulated studies have revealed that targeting protein for Xklp2 (TPX2) was tightly associated with the development and progression of OC. The present study further determined a novel mechanism of TPX2 in OC via the AKT signaling pathway. The differentially expressed genes were screened in GEO database for gene expression microarray of OC. Bioinformatics was used to analyze the key differentially expressed genes in OC. We prepared CD133/1+ OC stem cells. Then cells were treated with TPX2‐1 siRNA and perifcsine to explore the correlation of TPX2 and the AKT signaling pathway. We determined the expression of TPX2, AKT, Pl3 K, PTEN, caspase‐3, Bax and Bcl‐2 in OC cells. Cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis rate were respectively measured using MTT and EdU assays, Transwell assay, Scratch test, and flow cytometry. Xenograft tumor in nude mice was used to determine the effect of TPX2 in OC cells in vitro. Initially, TPX2 overexpression was observed in OC, and TPX2 mediated the effect of the AKT signaling pathway in OC. TPX2 knockdown decreased expression of AKT, Pl3 K, and Bcl‐2, and the extent of AKT phosphorylation, but increased expression of PTEN, Caspase‐3, and Bax. Furthermore, TPX2 knockdown suppressed OC cell proliferation, migration and invasion, but promoted OC cell apoptosis. Taken together, TPX2 silencing negatively regulates the AKT signaling pathway by which OC cell proliferation was inhibited yet cell apoptosis was accelerated, suggesting a potential therapeutic approach to OC.
Effects of age, gender, and risk‐factors for heart failure on native myocardial T1 and extracellular volume fraction using the SASHA sequence at 1.5T
Authors: Pagano Joseph J. , Chow Kelvin , Paterson D. Ian , Mikami Yoko , Schmidt Anna , Howarth Andrew , White James , Friedrich Matthias G. , Oudit Gavin Y. , Ezekowitz Justin , Dyck Jason , Thompson Richard B. 
Published: June 2018

BackgroundUnderstanding cardiac MR T1 mapping values might require examination of the effects of age, gender, and heart failure risk factors.Purpose/HypothesisTo evaluate the effects of gender, age, and presence of heart failure risk factors on myocardial native T1 and extracellular volume fraction (ECV).Study TypeRetrospective, cross‐sectional, observational study.PopulationSecondary analysis of cardiac MR data, separated by gender and health status, based on the presence of at least one heart failure risk factor.Field Strength/SequenceCardiac MR imaging at 1.5T, including T1 mapping using the SAturation recovery single‐SHot Acquisition (SASHA) sequence.AssessmentInterventricular septal region‐of‐interest analysis for assessment of native T1 and ECV.Statistical TestsGroup comparisons performed using Student t‐test, or nonparametric equivalent. Linear regression was used to assess relationships between age and T1 measurements.ResultsNative T1 and ECV were available in 187 and 143 subjects, respectively. T1 and ECV were independent of age in all groups (Native T1: healthy women P = 0.655; healthy men P = 0.906; at‐risk women P = 0.487; at‐risk men P = 0.683; ECV: healthy women P = 0.685; healthy men P = 0.199; at‐risk women P = 0.152; at‐risk men P = 0.747). T1 and ECV were higher in healthy women versus men (1202 ± 30 ms versus 1167 ± 36 ms, P = 0.0000 and 22 ± 2% versus 20 ± 2%, P = 0.0089), while values were similar in women and men with risk factors (1197 ± 55 ms versus 1193 ± 45 ms, P = 0.6556, 21 ± 2% versus 21 ± 3%, P = 0.5039). No differences existed in native T1 or ECV between women with or without risk factors (P = 0.6344 and P = 0.1026), whereas men with risk factors showed higher native T1 values (P = 0.0070).Data ConclusionNative T1 and ECV measured with SASHA do not vary with age, regardless of gender or the presence of factors for heart failure. Native T1 and ECV are higher in healthy women than men, but do not differ in the presence of risk factors, suggesting a different myocardial response to risk factors between genders.Level of Evidence: 3Technical Efficacy: Stage 3J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2018;47:1307–1317.
RF coils: A practical guide for nonphysicists
Authors: Gruber Bernhard , Froeling Martijn , Leiner Tim , Klomp Dennis W.J. 
Published: June 2018

Radiofrequency (RF) coils are an essential MRI hardware component. They directly impact the spatial and temporal resolution, sensitivity, and uniformity in MRI. Advances in RF hardware have resulted in a variety of designs optimized for specific clinical applications. RF coils are the “antennas” of the MRI system and have two functions: first, to excite the magnetization by broadcasting the RF power (Tx‐Coil) and second to receive the signal from the excited spins (Rx‐Coil). Transmit RF Coils emit magnetic field pulses (
) to rotate the net magnetization away from its alignment with the main magnetic field (B0), resulting in a transverse precessing magnetization. Due to the precession around the static main magnetic field, the magnetic flux in the receive RF Coil (
) changes, which generates a current I. This signal is “picked‐up” by an antenna and preamplified, usually mixed down to a lower frequency, digitized, and processed by a computer to finally reconstruct an image or a spectrum. Transmit and receive functionality can be combined in one RF Coil (Tx/Rx Coils). This review looks at the fundamental principles of an MRI RF coil from the perspective of clinicians and MR technicians and summarizes the current advances and developments in technology.Level of Evidence: 1Technical Efficacy: Stage 6 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2018;48:590–604.
Combination of sugar and stable isotopes analyses to detect the use of nongrape sugars in balsamic vinegar must
Authors: Perini Matteo , Nardin Tiziana , Camin Federica , Malacarne Mario , Larcher Roberto 
Published: June 2018

Abstract“Aceto Balsamico di Modena” (ABM) is a protected geographical indication salad dressing obtained from cooked and/or concentrated grape must, with the addition of wine vinegar and a maximum of 2% caramel (EU Reg 583/2009).In this study, we investigated whether the combination of 13C/12C of ethanol using isotope ratio mass spectrometry with 2H‐site‐specific natural isotope fractionation–nuclear magnetic resonance and minor sugars using ion chromatography with pulse amperometric and charged aerosol detection is able to improve detection of sugar addition to ABM must.A large selection of authentic Italian grape musts and different samples of balsamic vinegar with an increasing percentage of added beet, cane, and sugar syrups were considered.The possible degradation of sugars in the ABM matrix during shelf life was also investigated.While stable isotope ratios analysis remains the favoured method for determining cane and beet sugar addition, dosage of minor sugar (in particular maltose) proved to be very useful for detecting the addition of sugar syrup.Thanks to this innovative approach, 3 out of 27 commercial ABMs were identified as adulterated.A combination of stable isotope ratio and ion chromatography with pulse amperometric and charged aerosol detection analysis can be therefore proposed as a suitable tool for detecting the authenticity of ABM must.
The stress hormone norepinephrine increases the growth and virulence of Aeromonas hydrophila
Authors: Gao Jinwei , Xi Bingwen , Chen Kai , Song Rui , Qin Ting , Xie Jun , Pan Liangkun 
Published: June 2018

AbstractStress is an important contributing factor in the outbreak of infectious fish diseases. To comprehensively understand the impact of catecholamine stress hormone norepinephrine (NE) on the pathogenicity of Aeromonas hydrophila, we assessed variations in bacterial growth, virulence‐related genes expression and virulence factors activity after NE addition in serum‐SAPI medium. Further, we assessed the effects of NE on A. hydrophila virulence in vivo by challenging fish with pathogenic strain AH196 and following with or without NE injection. The NE‐associated stimulation of A. hydrophila strain growth was not linear‐dose‐dependent, and only 100 μM, or higher concentrations, could stimulate growth. Real‐time PCR analyses revealed that NE notably changed 13 out of the 16 virulence‐associated genes (e.g. ompW, ahp, aha, ela, ahyR, ompA, and fur) expression, which were all significantly upregulated in A. hydrophila AH196 (p < 0.01). NE could enhance the protease activity, but not affect the lipase activity, hemolysis, and motility. Further, the mortality of crucian carp challenged with A. hydrophila AH196 was significantly higher in the group treated with NE (p < 0.01). Collectively, our results showed that NE enhanced the growth and virulence of pathogenic bacterium A. hydrophila.