bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multiscale higher-order TV operators for L1 regularization
Authors: Sanders Toby , Platte Rodrigo B. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractIn the realm of signal and image denoising and reconstruction,$$\ell _1$$ℓ1regularization techniques have generated a great deal of attention with a multitude of variants. In this work, we demonstrate that the$$\ell _1$$ℓ1formulation can sometimes result in undesirable artifacts that are inconsistent with desired sparsity promoting$$\ell _0$$ℓ0properties that the$$\ell _1$$ℓ1formulation is intended to approximate. With this as our motivation, we develop a multiscale higher-order total variation (MHOTV) approach, which we show is related to the use of multiscale Daubechies wavelets. The relationship of higher-order regularization methods with wavelets, which we believe has generally gone unrecognized, is shown to hold in several numerical results, although notable improvements are seen with our approach over both wavelets and classical HOTV. These results are presented for 1D signals and 2D images, and we include several examples that highlight the potential of our approach for improving two- and three-dimensional electron microscopy imaging. In the development approach, we construct the tools necessary for MHOTV computations to be performed efficiently, via operator decomposition and alternatively converting the problem into Fourier space.
Mechanical behavior of shark vertebral centra at biologically relevant strains
Authors: Ingle Danielle N. , Natanson Lisa J. , Porter Marianne E. 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT
Cartilaginous shark skeletons experience axial deformation at the intervertebral joints, but also within the mineralized cartilaginous centrum, which can compress to between 3% and 8% of its original length in a free-swimming shark. Previous studies have focused on shark centra mechanical properties when loaded to failure; our goal was to determine properties when compressed to a biologically relevant strain. We selected vertebrae from six shark species and from the anterior and posterior regions of the vertebral column. Centra were X-radiographed to measure double cone proportion and apex angles, and were mechanically tested at three displacement rates to 4% strain. We determined the variation in toughness and stiffness of vertebral centra among shark species and ontogenetic stages, testing strain rates, and compared anterior and posterior regions of the vertebral column. Our results suggest that toughness and stiffness, which are positively correlated, may be operating in concert to support lateral body undulations, while providing efficient energy transmission and return in these swift-swimming apex predators. We analyzed the contribution of double cone proportion and apex angle to centra mechanical behavior. We found that the greatest stiffness and toughness were in the youngest sharks and from the posterior body, and there was significant interspecific variation. Significant inverse correlations were found between mechanical properties and double cone apex angle suggesting that properties can be partially attributed to the angle forming the double cone apex. These comparative data highlight the importance of understanding cartilaginous skeleton mechanics under a wide variety of loading conditions representative of swimming behaviors seen in the wild.
Microwave-Induced Plasma-In-Liquid Process for Nanoparticle Production
Authors: Yonezawa Tetsu , Čempel David , Nguyen Mai Thanh 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
In the past decades, various nanomaterials have been intensively developed because of their unique electrical, optical, magnetic as well as catalytic properties. In this review, we discuss the plasma-in-liquid process, especially the microwave-induced plasma-in-liquid process (MWPLP), for metal and metal oxide nanoparticle production. Various types of plasma systems have been employed to produce metal, alloy, and metal oxide nanoparticles. Nanoparticle production by plasma processes usually requires fewer chemical additives compared to other chemical processes. After discussing the bottom-up approach and the plasma-in-liquid process for nanoparticle synthesis, we have focused on MWPLP. Various apparatus systems and detailed mechanisms of MWPLP will be discussed and preparation of metal and metal oxide nanoparticles by MWPLP will be introduced in detail. The surface-coated-electrode system, which is a unique system for MWPLP, is also discussed in this review. This system prevents sample contamination due to the metal components, which are usually ejected into the surrounding liquid after plasma ignition during the production of nanoparticles.
Validation of the Procalcitonin Assay on the Abbott Architect i1000
Authors: Pagaduan Jayson V , Tam Estella , Devaraj Sridevi 
Published: October 2018

Abstract

Background
Procalcitonin (PCT) is an emerging biomarker for detecting sepsis. Recently, the US Food and Drug Administration cleared the expanded use of this biomarker for guiding clinicians regarding antibiotic treatment. To our knowledge, there are no published method validations for the Abbott Architect PCT assay. This article will discuss the process of method validation of the B·R·A·H·M·S PCT assay on the Abbott Architect platform.

Methods
We studied the precision, accuracy, and linearity of the Architect method following the guidance of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute EP5-A2 document. Furthermore, we also tested the impact of major sources of interference from hemolysate, lipoproteins, and bilirubin. To validate the Architect method, we compared patients' serum PCT measurements with our previously established Mini VIDAS (bioMerieux) PCT assay.

Results
Statistical analysis showed that the 2 assays have good correlation (r &gt; 0.99), slope of 1.023, and intercept of −0.760. The calculated bias is −7.435%. The Architect method showed good precision with %CV &lt; 3.5% for both interassay and intraassay compared with %CV &lt; 6.5% for Mini VIDAS, which was previously determined at our institution. No bias &gt;10% was observed with the Architect method when pooled serum samples were spiked with interferants. The turnaround time for both platforms was the same (20 min); however, in contrast with Mini VIDAS, the Architect system has automated pipetting of samples and can perform multiple assays simultaneously.

Conclusion
These results showed that the Architect B·R·A·H·M·S PCT assay has analytical characteristics conducive for diagnostic use in clinical laboratories. Our method validation report will be beneficial for other institutions to adapt this assay on existing Abbott Architect i1000 immunoassay analyzers.
From the Editor in Chief
Authors: Doğanay Ahmet 
Published: October 2018

Dear producers and consumers of knowledge,
I would like to share the happiness of being with you again with 9th Volume 1th first issue of Pegem Journal of Education and Instruction (PEGEGOG) in 2019. I hope you could find time to have a rest after your busy schedule. Initially, I want to thank you for the increasing interest for our journal.
There has been 98 articles sent for publication to our journal. This is good news for our journal. On the other hand, I have to indicate that there were critical problems in terms of format within these articles as stated in the previous issue. First of all, unfortunately we had to reject some articles as in many of them there were texts very similar to ones in different articles. At first step, we scan all articles in i-Thenticate program to determine the exact quotations from other resources. After this scan, we reject the articles detected to have exact quotations at a high rate without initiating peer-review process. Apart from that, we also send back the articles not written in an academic format not to disturb our reviewers unnecessarily.
One of the problems with the articles submitted to our journal and we had to reject was about data analysis. The data is the raw information collected from related resources through research aims. These should be analyzed in parallel with these aims. It is necessary to analyze them using statistics for quantitative data and methods such as content analysis or descriptive analysis for qualitative data. Analysis provides the data being transformed into findings and make sense. Especially, in some of document analysis and some qualitative studies, it is seen that data are presented as findings. In some others, data are presented being only described. It is essential that the studies are formed in an article format obeying the rules by the journal and presented for publication afterwards.
As always, we present the ten articles got through peer-review process and given DOI number to you dear producers and consumers of knowledge. I wish these studies conducted in various fields of educational sciences will be useful and contribute to theoretical knowledge within the field. Hope to meet within the next issue.
Sincerely yours,
Modern Animal Production and Animal Welfare
Authors: Herbut Eugeniusz 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe aim of the paper is to discuss the links between modern livestock production, including its techniques and concentration, with animal welfare requirements. Modern livestock production is related to modern facilities, precise livestock production, as well as intensive and high stocking density. At the same time, it requires providing the animals with minimal living conditions, i.e. the welfare set out in the relevant regulations. This in turn should guarantee a good quality of raw livestock materials and products.
Turbidity and Quantity of Sediment Particles During the Regeneration of Chemical Solutions after Cleaning of Brewing Equipment in the CIP System
Authors: Piepiórka-Stepuk Joanna 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
The paper presents results of analysis of turbidity changes in washing solutions and the quantity of solid particles present in them during regeneration under various temperature conditions. Three solutions taken from breweries after the process of washing brewhouse equipment in the CIP system were evaluated. The results were subjected to statistical analysis, to define the functions that characterize the changes of the tested parameters in relation to time and temperature. The results showed that the tested solutions have different favourable conditions for their regeneration. It has also been shown that the character of changes in solutions in the regeneration process is more advantageously determined on the basis of turbidity tests of solutions.
Comparative Analysis of Peat Fibre Properties and Peat Fibre-Based Knits Flammability
Authors: Mikucioniene Daiva , Cepukone Lina , Salmeia Khalifah A. , Gaan Sabyasachi 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
A very promising cellulose-based natural fibre that is suitable for use in the textile industry is peat fibre. This fibre is a by-product of peat excavation, purified by separating it from other components. In this study, the morphological, chemical and mechanical properties of peat fibres as well as flammability of peat-based knitted fabrics were analysed. The average diameter of the peat fibres is ~60 μm, but it varies in very wide ranges – 25–150 μm; however, the number of fibres with diameter more than 100 μm is very low. As the peat fibre contains a high amount of lignin, lignin amount in the mixed peat/cotton yarn is relatively high too. Lignin is responsible for enhanced flame retardancy; therefore, time to ignition of the peat knit is ~30% higher than that of the cotton knit. Consequently, peat fibre can be used in the knitted structure in order to significantly reduce its flammability. In order to increase the flame retardancy, the knits have been treated by flame retardant in various concentrations. It was found that around the burned hole on the peat knit, treated by very low concentration flame retardant, forms charred area and the knit stops to burn even if the flame source is not removed.
Length-weight relationships of six freshwater fish species from Lake Kirkkojärvi, Finland
Authors: Gama José , Nyberg Maria 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Length-weight relationships (LWRs) and length-length relationships (LLRs) were determined for six fish species: Alburnus alburnus, Blicca bjoerkna, Gymnocephalus cernua, Perca fluviatilis, Rutilus rutilus and Sander lucioperca caught using a Nordic multi-mesh gill net in Lake Kirkkojärvi in Southwestern Finland in August 2015. The measurements were done using a photographic method and the dataset is available on the Comprehensive R Archive Network (CRAN). The dataset was done with a scientific catch, which showed lower limits on specimen size than the ones from fisheries. The LWRs were calculated for the total length (TL) and found to be consistent with models from Finland. The length measurements were taken to the nearest 0.01 cm, which also allowed for juveniles to be represented in the model. The goodness of fit of the models is high, with the coefficients of determination above 95%. This study is the first one to estimate LWRs of fish species for this hypereutrophic lake, and is useful for fishery managers and biologists.
Íslenzkt þjóðerni: Jón Jónsson Aðils’ Iceland and the road to the future
Authors: Middel Kim 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
In the early twentieth century, historiography was used to further the cause of independence by profiling Iceland as a fully-fledged nation. The Icelandic historian Jón Jónsson Aðils was the man who would shape Iceland’s history, and the nation with it, in his work Icelandic Nationhood. His achievement was not self-evident; Iceland was part of the Danish realm and glorifying the past met with restrictions. This paper aims to illustrate how in this setting Aðils succeeded in constructing the Icelandic nation with the aid of existing Danish nationalist thought. I propose that using ideas of the famous Danish nationalist N.F.S. Grundtvig enabled Aðils to construct an Icelandic ’Golden Age’ specifically focused on culture and freedom that held future prospects. Finally, I will discuss the consequence of this focus as a decisive factor in the development of Icelandic self-awareness, aiming to contribute to the larger debate on the creation of national identities.
Det ophøjede i dansk romantik og en figurativ-filosofisk vurdering af Jens Baggesen og Schack von Staffeldts digterdyst
Authors: Gammelgaard Lasse 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
This article surveys the sublime in Danish romantic literature as well as its partly neglected reception by scholars of Danish Romanticism. Theoretically, it is argued that there has been a tendency to focus either on the sublime’s philosophical implications (citing Immanuel Kant) or on the rhetorical figures and tropes of the sublime (“Longinus”). In the article, it is claimed that a comprehensive understanding of the sublime needs to address both its rhetorical dimension (going back to “Longinus”) and Kant’s philosophy of the sublime in the 18th Century. It is suggested that one needs to address how the philosophical content interacts with figures and tropes, when analyzing literature of the sublime. An integrated reading strategy is then exemplified in a comparative interpretation of Jens Baggesen’s poem “Paa Spidsen af St. Gottard” and Schack von Staffeldt’s poem “Paa Toppen af Mont-Cenis”. This analysis challenges the received notion that Baggesen’s poem is superior to that of Staffeldt.
Dangerous Vicinity: Theorizing the Neighbour in August Strindberg’s “The Roofing Ceremony”
Authors: Hron Irina 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
This article examines the manifold relationship between vicinity, intrusion, and neighbour-love (agape) in August Strindberg’s short novel “The Roofing Ceremony” (“Taklagsöl”) from 1906. It throws new light on a series of topical issues such as the (Kierkegaardian) dichotomy of equality and dissimilarity, as well as various notions of intrusion and parasitism between neighbours and ‘near-dwellers’ (Heidegger). Strindberg’s novel offers a model for understanding the dynamics of spatial and spiritual aspects of vicinity and proves to be a key text as to the ongoing cultural construction of ‘the neighbour’ which, in a period of social and geographical mobility, is more topical than ever. By drawing analogies with other world literary texts (Kafka, Fitzgerald, Tolstoy, Philip Roth), this article seeks to foreground the contemporary force of the Swedish author’s highly timely text by focusing on the notion of ‘being neighbours’.
The female detective as the child who needs to know. Saga Norén as an example of potent yet dysfunctional female detectives in contemporary Nordic Noir
Authors: Schwartz Camilla , Kaplan E. Ann 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
The global popularity of Nordic Noir, such as the Danish/Swedish production Broen, The Danish production Forbrydelsen, its U.S. and U.K. remakes, the Danish/Swedish production The Millennium Trilogy seems to depend on its insistent interest in a set of maladjusted female detectives. The by now seven seasons of the U.S production Homeland have a similar focus. In this essay, we argue that the struggle these female protagonists endure between extreme potency on the one hand and shameful psychic problems on the other is linked to how these female detectives represent the female position in film in general. Turning to traditional and ongoing discussions in feminist film theory, and combining queer studies and sociological and psychoanalytic perspectives with recognition theory (Felski/Coplan), we ask how we as spectators relate to these women in terms of recognition. In line with that, we ask whether these female detectives should be considered feminist icons who challenge traditional gendered poses on film, or whether, due to their dysfunctionalities, they came to represent some kind of otherness that we sympathize with but also fail to identify with.
An Anatomy of Facelessness: On Halfdan Pisket’s Dansker Trilogy
Authors: Vågnes Øyvind 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
A significant contribution to the social history of immigration in the Nordic countries, Halfdan Pisket’s Dansker trilogy (2014–2016) is also a resonant visual-verbal reflection on the relationship between the face and the mask and its impact on the formation of individual and cultural identity. Pisket’s depiction of the hardship and alienation of the struggling immigrant is marked by a striking symbolism, and the article addresses how the three books collectively can be said to outline “an anatomy of facelessness”. The analysis revolves around three central aspects of Pisket’s depiction of the trilogy’s central protagonist: the imaginative re-appropriation of the myth of the Minotaur, the ambiguous deployment of the hooded figure, and the use of the facial portrait as an ambivalent emblem of the reservoir of individual human experience.
On a Generalization of the Weibull Distribution and Its Application in Quality Control
Authors: Jose K. K. , Tomy Lishamol , Thomas Sophia P. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractIn this article, a generalization of the Weibull distribution called Harris extended Weibull distribution is studied, and its properties are discussed. We fit the distribution to a real-life data set to show the applicability of this distribution in reliability modeling. Also, we derive a reliability test plan for acceptance or rejection of a lot of products submitted for inspection with lifetimes following this distribution. The operating characteristic functions of the sampling plans are obtained. The producer’s risk, minimum sample sizes and associated characteristics are computed and presented in tables. The results are illustrated using two data sets on ordered failure times of products as well as failure times of ball bearings.
Nonlinear Dirichlet problems with unilateral growth on the reaction
Authors: Papageorgiou Nikolaos S. , Rădulescu Vicenţiu D. , Repovš Dušan D. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
We consider a nonlinear Dirichlet problem driven by the p-Laplace differential operator with a reaction which has a subcritical growth restriction only from above. We prove two multiplicity theorems producing three nontrivial solutions, two of constant sign and the third nodal. The two multiplicity theorems differ on the geometry near the origin. In the semilinear case (that is,

p
=
2

{p=2}

), using Morse theory (critical groups), we produce a second nodal solution for a total of four nontrivial solutions. As an illustration, we show that our results incorporate and significantly extend the multiplicity results existing for a class of parametric, coercive Dirichlet problems.
How to approach ‘prejudice’ and ‘stereotypes’ qualitatively: The search for a meaningful way
Authors: Petrjánošová Magda 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
This paper is partly a theoretical and analytical exploration of different ways to do research about stereotypes and prejudice, and partly a confessional tale of my journey. It is a journey that has been about looking for a meaningful and useful way of approaching empirical material collected in different research projects over more than 15 years, in an attempt to say something about how ordinary social actors talk (and possibly think) about prejudice and stereotypes. There is an immense volume of social psychological writing on this topic, and from that I discuss in detail several new(ish) discursive, critical and constructional approaches and the (im)possibility of applying them to my empirical material.
Socio-cognitive factors influencing Greek lyceum female students’ intention to receive a Pap smear and a vaccine against HPV
Authors: Εfkarpidis Apostolos , Koulierakis George , Efkarpidis Polichronis 
Published: October 2018

Abstract

Background
The human papillomavirus (HPV) is responsible for 99.7% of cervix cancers worldwide. As this is a preventable and treatable cancer, if diagnosed early, it is important to explore not only young women’s related knowledge, but also their intentions for prevention activities, through a theoretical perspective.

Objective
To investigate the role of the Health Belief Model (HBM) and the Health Locus of Control theory (HLC) (social cognitive models) to act as potentially influencing factors for the prevention intentions among lyceum female students.

Methods
This cross-sectional study took place from January to May 2014, among 1129 female students, who attended lyceums in six islands of the Cyclades Region, Greece. Students filled-in a self-complementary questionnaire, after the necessary approval was provided by the relevant authorities.

Results
Intention to take the Pap smear was determined by student’s level of knowledge (p < 0.001) about Pap smears, their age (p = 0.004), HPV susceptibility (p < 0.001), subjective obstacles of taking the Pap smear (p < 0.001) and subjective benefits of the Pap smear (p < 0.001). The vaccination intention against HPV was influenced by the subjective benefit from vaccination (p < 0.001) and the level of knowledge of the vaccine (p < 0.001).

Conclusions
Knowledge, age and HBM variables were significantly associated with students’ intention for vaccination and screening on HPV. The study demonstrates the importance of raising awareness through specific education programmes in schools and theory-based tailored health programmes on HPV aspects (transmission, prevention, treatment) to increase the intention for prevention.