bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
(Re)Conceptualising Unfree Labour: Local Labour Control Regimes and Constraints on Workers' Freedoms
Authors: Fudge Judy 
Published: June 2019

Disputes over the meaning of human trafficking, forced labour and modern slavery have both provoked and coincided with a reinvigorated debate in academic and policy literatures about how to conceptualise unfree labour. This article traces the contours of the debate over free and unfree labour, identifying its key stakes as the debate has developed and paying particular attention to recent interventions. It begins by identifying a problem common to both canonical liberal and Marxian approaches to the free/unfree labour distinction, which is to fetishise the labour market. It then discusses the consensus that is emerging across disciplines and in leading international organisations that labour unfreedom in contemporary capitalism is best conceptualised as a continuum rather than a binary, highlighting recent disciplinary-specific contributions. It argues that the metaphor of a continuum of labour unfreedom obscures more than it illuminates. Drawing upon the growing body of literature that advocates a multifaceted approach to labour unfreedom, this article argues that a robust concept of local labour control regime does a much better job of capturing the complex mix of consent and coercion involved in extracting value from labour power than the idea of a continuum of labour unfreedom.
KEY WORDS: unfree labour; migration; capitalism; exploitation; labour control
The SiC Single Crystal Growth from Nanomaterial Precursor
Authors: Yamada Yoshimitsu 
Published: June 2019

AbstractUnlike the conventional layer by layer growth, three dimensional growth experiments of SiC single crystal by the Chemical Particle Deposition (CPD)method were carried out both on the polar and nonpolar plane of the SiC seed crystal. The comparison of the morphology of the grown crystals on both samples indicated that the electric field formed by the seed crystal strongly effected the diffusion of the supplied Si and C atoms and their compounds to grow the epitaxial crystal. In spite of the low ionicity of Si-C bonds, this remarkable effect of the electric field on the three dimensional crystal growth mechanism in the CPD method strongly suggested its contribution to the ordering of the stacked layers with its long working range, beyond the deformed boundary layers between the seed surface and the grown crystal.
Controversias por la administración penitenciaria en Costa Rica, en el contexto del hiperencarcelamiento
Authors: Bedoya Ureña Jesús 
Published: June 2019

Los últimos 30 años en Costa Rica han estado marcados por una notable contradicción dentro de la administración de la justicia. Aunque las bases axiológicas del Ministerio de Justicia y Paz –encargado de gestionar las prisiones en el país– están asentadas sobre la normativa de los derechos humanos y el modelo progresivo de la pena, estos valores han sido sistemáticamente contrariados debido a la enfática legislación punitiva, la cual ha propiciado que el país destaque en los últimos años entre los cinco de América Latina con mayor tasa de encarcelamiento. Esa notable paradoja marcó un reciente y amplio debate. Durante el periodo 2015-2018, se tomaron una serie de medidas para atenuar la condición de hiperencarcelamiento, tales como los traslados extraordinarios al modelo semiinstitucional. Dichas acciones fueron percibidas por la opinión pública desde el pánico moral y la reafirmación del castigo. Este artículo retoma esa controversia, como un ámbito de análisis sugerente de aspectos complejos como la propia concepción del Estado, el castigo y la justicia.

Abstract
The last thirty years in Costa Rica had been marked by an important contradiction in the aspect of justice administration. Even though the axiological bases of the Ministry of Justice and Peace –institution in charge of the prisons in the country– were raised in the human rights normative and the progressive penalty system, these values have been systematically contradicted due to the emphatic punitive legislation, which has caused the country to stand out in the last years among the five Latin American countries with the higher rate of imprisonment. This notable paradox propitiated a broad debate. Between 2015 and 2018, some measures were implemented to mitigate the condition of hyper-incarceration, like the extraordinary transfers to the semi-institutional (or semi open) model. Such measures were perceived by the public opinion from a moral panic reaction and a vindication of the punishment. This paper recovers that controversy, as a field of analysis suggestive of complex aspects such as the very conception of the State, punishment and justice.
Prisionización: estructura y dinámica del fenómeno en cárceles estatales del sistema penal chileno
Authors: Romero Miranda Luis Alejandro 
Published: June 2019

El presente artículo recoge los principales resultados de la investigación cualitativa denominada “Representaciones e implicancias de la prisionización en un grupo de exreclusos del sistema penal chileno”, desarrollada entre noviembre de 2016 y abril de 2018, como parte del plan anual de trabajo del Programa de Investigación y Análisis Delictual de la Universidad La República. La muestra está compuesta por 16 expresidiarios varones de recintos penitenciarios estatales de la región metropolitana y Valparaíso. Como principales hallazgos, los relatos muestran hitos o vivencias recurrentes que permiten plantear una secuencia común en la génesis y estructuración de la prisionización (fases). Esta última está mediada por la trayectoria vital, la adherencia a la normativa institucional/subcultural, la posición de entrada en la jerarquía subcultural y la capacidad del sujeto para moverse o acomodarse dentro de ella.

Abstract
This article presents the main results of the qualitative research entitled "Representations and Implications of prisonization in a Group of Former Convicts of the Chilean Criminal System", developed between November 2016 and April 2018, as part of the annual work plan of the Program of Investigation and Delictual Analysis of the Universidad La República. The sample is composed by 16 male ex-convicts from state prisons in the metropolitan region and Valparaíso. As main findings, the interviews show recurring milestones or experiences that allow us to propose a common sequence in the genesis and structuring of prisonization (phases). The latter is mediated by the life trajectory, the adherence to institutional / subcultural norms, the entry position in the subcultural hierarchy and the capacity of the subject to move or settle within it.
The impacts of climate change on food security and health in Southern Africa
Authors: Wlokas H.L. 
Published: June 2019

Climate change will have a great impact on Southern Africa according to the IPCC. Two closely related topics, food security and health will be affected by the changes in many ways. Difficulties in transporting food through carbon regulations in air-freight, changing conditions for growing food crops and negative impacts on fishery might occur and will very possible lead to an increase in malnutrition in the region. Changes of the climate will also have an effect on the way illnesses are transmitted and cause a number of extreme weather events which can have an extremely damaging consequence on human living. Two main efforts are being work on in terms of dealing with these concerns. At the inter-national, regional and national levels, adaptation and mitigation action is being planned and imple-mented. Activities at each level are discussed and I argue this in this paper that currently the most effi-cient way of dealing with the existing and future burdens of climate change impacts are activities at a national level, and enhanced effort has to be made to improve regional and international collaboration in addressing these issues.
El Archivo como Práctica Autobiográfica
Authors: Aguilar Moreno Marta 
Published: June 2019

El Encuentro Internacional de Libro Arte PURE PRINT Madrid. Book Art Edition 2017, tuvo lugar en Madrid del 24 al 28 de abril de 2017. Con este motivo fueron invitadas a participar docentes grabadoras de diferentes instituciones de enseñanza superior para pensar conjuntamente un Libro Arte colaborativo.
Influencia de la temperatura en la estructura y propiedades magnéticas de las películas delgadas de ferrita de cobalto
Authors: Rojas Segundo , De la Cruz Magaly , Rodríguez Yupanqui Magda , Ugaz Fernando , Mendoza Villanueva Karol 
Published: June 2019

Los problemas ambientales que estamos sumergidos las personas en la actualidad no lleva a la búsqueda de nuevas formas de obtención de métodos o materiales que nos solucione este problema, los materiales con propiedades magnéticos dan una nueva solución a este problema. Uno de los materiales con excelentes propiedades magnéticas es la ferrita de cobalto (CoFe2O4), por este motivo este trabajo da una forma de obtención fácil y novedosa para obtención de este material en forma de películas delgadas. Las películas delgadas de CoFe2O4 fueron depositadas por spin coating sobre sustratos de Pt (Pt/TiO2/SiO2/Si) a diferentes temperaturas (700, 725 y 750 °C). Para la solución precursora se usó nitrato de hierro [Fe (NO3)3∙9H2O] y nitrato de cobalto [Co (NO3)2∙6H2O], las cuales fueron disueltas en 2-methoxyethanol, con agitación magnética por dos 2 h a 60 ᵒC. En la caracterización de las películas delgadas se estudió la estructura y las propiedades magnéticas mediante difracción de rayos X y magnetómetro de muestra vibrante. El patrón de difracción de rayos x confirman la formación de la estructura cúbica espinela perteneciente al CoFe2O4 con el pico preferencial (311) sin rastro de impurezas en las temperaturas estudiadas. Los cristalitos calculados están en el rango de 10 a 24.34 nm para todas las muestras. La histéresis magnética muestra que al aumento de la temperatura las propiedades magnéticas también aumentan.
Palabras Claves: Películas delgadas, Curva de histéresis, Estructura espinela.
Sistema web basado en redes neuronales para mejorar la recaudación tributaria de la Municipalidad Distrital de la Esperanza en el año 2017
Authors: Bernal Aguilar Felix Giancarlos , Cieza Mostacero Segundo Edwin , Pacheco Torres Juan Francisco 
Published: June 2019

En la presente investigación se desarrolló un Sistema WEB basado en redes neuronales, el cual tuvo como objetivo mejorar la recaudación tributaria en la Municipalidad Distrital de La Esperanza, con la finalidad de incrementar el número promedio de monitoreo de contribuyentes que más pagan tributos por sector, incrementar el tiempo promedio en el seguimiento de cada predio registrado, incrementar el tiempo promedio en el seguimiento de las notificaciones y, finalmente, aumentar el nivel de precisión del pronóstico de recaudación utilizando redes neuronales. La población fue de 33,000 contribuyentes. Se optó por PHP como lenguaje de programación para el desarrollo del Sistema WEB utilizando MySQL como gestor de base de datos, y se utilizó la metodología ICONIX. Mediante el diseño experimental de pre test y post test, los resultados obtenidos fueron positivos ya que el número promedio de monitoreo de los contribuyentes con el sistema actual fue de 1.414 veces mientras que con el sistema implementado fue de 3.370 veces incrementando en 1.956 el número de veces. En el seguimiento de predios con el sistema actual fue de 3.818 veces mientras que con el sistema propuesto fue de 9.655 incrementando en 5.837 el promedio de predios registrados. En el seguimiento de las notificaciones con el sistema actual fue de 0.950 mientras que con el sistema propuesto fue de 3.992 incrementando en 3.042 el promedio en las notificaciones efectivas. El nivel de precisión en el pronóstico de recaudación con el sistema actual fue de 0.506 veces, mientras que con el sistema propuesto fue de 1.518 aumentando en 1.012 el número promedio. Se concluyó que con la implementación del sistema se mejoró significativamente la recaudación tributaria en la Municipalidad Distrital de La Esperanza.
Palabras Clave: Recaudación, contribuyentes, predios, notificaciones, pronóstico.
Propiedades ópticas, estructurales, y eléctricas de películas delgadas de ZnO - Mg preparadas por el método sol - gel
Authors: Díaz Alex 
Published: June 2019

En la presente investigación se evaluaron películas delgadas de ZnO dopadas con Mg a una concentración de 0.65 M, sintetizadas por el método sol-gel, y depositadas en sustratos de cuarzo por el método de spin-coating. Se determinó el efecto de la temperatura de recocido (400, 500 y 600°C) y del porcentaje molar del dopante (2, 4, 6 y 8%), sobre las propiedades eléctricas y morfológicas. Se encontró que las películas delgadas de ZnO muestran la mayor conductividad eléctrica y mayor tamaño de grano al dopaje de 2% de Mg con una temperatura de recocido de 600°C, siendo de 8.55x10-7Ω-1cm-1 y de 38.56 nm respectivamente. Así también, la menor conductividad eléctrica y el menor tamaño de grano, se da a un dopaje del 8% de Mg con una temperatura de recocido de 400°C, siendo los valores de 1.48x10-7 Ω-1cm-1 y 14.13 nm; de modo que, el tamaño de grano crece con el incremento de la temperatura; pero disminuye a medida que aumenta la concentración molar de Mg. El tamaño de grano se determinó mediante la ecuación de Scherrer sobre los picos de difracción de rayos X (DRX). Los resultados mostraron que las películas delgadas de ZnO dopadas con Mg poseen una estructura hexagonal tipo wurtzita con una orientación preferencial al plano (002).
Palabras clave: Método sol-gel, Portadores de carga, Movilidad, Nanoestructuras.
Association of adiponectin gene rs2241766 polymorphism with serum adiponectin level, Insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus in an Iranian population
Authors: Hajilo Nasrin , Nezhadali Masoumeh , Ghanei Laleh 
Published: June 2019

Introdution: Adiponectin is a peptide secreted from fat cells that plays an important role in the development of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. A number of single nucleotide polymorphisms in the adiponectin gene are associated with lower adiponectin expression and T2DM. The aim of this study was to determination the frequency of rs 2241766 polymorphism in adiponectin gene and its relation with adiponectin level, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes and in pre diabetes/diabetes and healthy individuals.
Methods: This study was performed in a case -control method. 73 prediabetic/diabetic patients with fasting blood sugar >100 mg/dl was selected as the case group without drug history, and 76 individuals with FBS 70-100 mg/dl as the control group. Biochemical and anthropometric variables were measured by standard methods and the levels of adiponectin and insulin hormone were measured using commercially available human ELISA kit. The determination of genotyping was done using PCR-RFLP method. Data were analyzed by SPSS software version 19.
Results: Regression analysis showed that polymorphism rs2241766 in the adiponectin gene has no significant relation with diabetes and insulin resistance. No significant difference was found between TT and TG carriers for any of the variables in the two groups (pre diabetes/diabetes and Non-diabetic). A negative correlation was seen between adiponectin and insulin resistance ( r=-0.225, p< 0/01).
Conclusion: According to this study, adiponectin gene polymorphism rs2241766 is not associated with adiponectin levels, insulin resistance and type 2diabetes, but there was a correlation between adiponectin and insulin resistance.
Study of counseling activities of pharmacists in southern Khorasan province to patients in 2017
Authors: Ghavami Mohammad Ali , Khalesi Nader , Mohammadzadeh Khalil Ali , Abedini Mohammad Reza 
Published: June 2019

Introduction: The role and place of pharmacists 'services as one of the main pillars of the patients' treatment chain is definitely unhelpful. Research in this area suggests that pharmacist counseling leads to positive therapeutic outcomes and improves the quality of life, awareness of drug use, and patient satisfaction. This study was conducted to investigate the activities of pharmacists counseling in southern Khorasan province in 2017.
Materials: and Methods: This is a cross-sectional descriptive-analytic study. The statistical population of the present study was two groups of pharmacies and patients. All 84 pharmacies operating in Southern Khorasan Province were included in this study. In this research, two main types of tools for recording counseling behaviors, views, and opinions were used. The first evaluation tool was taken by the patients at the pharmacy at each visit. The second tool was a questionnaire, which was adapted from a questionnaire made by Allajil and Al-Banemi in Saudi Arabia. In order to close the content of the questionnaire and obtain more accurate information, This questionnaire was first reviewed by the professors and consultants, and then it was adjusted and localized by two experienced pharmacists of South Khorasan, Spearman, Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Kruskal-Wallis and Manviteni tests.
Results: The results showed that there was a significant relationship between drug counseling and satisfaction rate of the patients in the 3rd and 4th scenario at level of .05. All the relationships between the amount of drug counseling and the patient's satisfaction with counseling were significant at each level of 0.05. There was an indirect relationshiop between scenarios one and two and direct linear relationship between scenarios three and four.
Conclusion: Regarding the fact that the overall satisfaction of the patients from all scenarios is above 50%, it can be claimed that patients received a fairly good counseling.
Effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy on psychological well-being, quality of life and depression in patients with epilepsy
Authors: Ebrahimpour Ghodsieh , Mirzaeian Bahram , Hasanzade Ramazan 
Published: June 2019

Introdution: Epilepsy is known as a cerebrovascular disorder with a continuing readiness for epileptic seizures and psychological neuropsychological outcomes. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy on psychological well-being, quality of life and depression in patients with epilepsy.
Methods: The study was a quasi- experimental with a pre-test, post-test design with a control group. The statistical population of the study consisted of 76 patients, of whom 20 were selected by available sampling method and they were randomly divided into two experimental and control groups. The experimental group received the acceptance and commitment group therapy in eight sessions each of which in two hours. Before and after the intervention, the Multidimensional Reef psychological well-being questionnaire, Quality of life questionnaire, Beck Depression Inventory was administrated in both groups. Data were analyzed using covariance test and SPSS20 software.
Results: The findings of this study showed that acceptance and commitment based treatment had a significant effect on psychological well-being, quality of life and depression in the level of error less than p <0.0001. And the result of P-value was reported as 42.602, 17. 927, 53.528, respectively.
Conclusion: The results of this study show that acceptance and commitment therapy is significantly effective in the patients with epilepsy using techniques such as attention to the present time, acceptance and cognitive impairment in increasing psychological well-being and quality of life and reducing depression. Considering the effect of admission therapy and commitment in using this method at all levels of prevention and treatment of the patients with physical and mental illness seems necessary.
PESQUISA LINGUÍSTICA NA AMAZÔNIA BRASILEIRA:
Authors: Santos Leandra Ines Seganfredo , Oliveira Marilucia Barros de , Philippsen Neusa Inês , Barbosa Selma Maria Abdalla Dias 
Published: June 2019

O recém-criado Grupo de Trabalho intitulado “Estudos Linguísticos na Amazônia Brasileira” (GT ELIAB) foi apresentado à Associação Nacional de Programas de Pós-graduação e Pesquisa em Letras e Linguística – ANPOLL e obteve aprovação do Conselho de Estudos Linguísticos em maio de 2018 durante o XXXIII ENANPOLL (Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brasil). O objetivo deste GT é envolver os Programas da área de Linguística localizados na Amazônia brasileira para mostrar que neste espaço amazônico já há uma significativa produção científica que aspira ser implementada com novos resultados e produções. Dentre os resultados que o GT pretende alcançar, destacam-se compartilhar e divulgar a produção científica desenvolvida aqui, com o propósito de cooperar com a pesquisa nacional na área ao mesmo tempo em que disponibiliza resultados de investigações aos interessados nos estudos linguísticos realizados no cenário amazônico.
Management of Severe Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease in Xiangyang, China during 2008-2013
Authors: Liu Jian , Qi Jing , Zhan Fei , Jiao Rong 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Background

Therapeutic strategies of severe hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) are inconsequent or deficient in evidence by now.

Methods

We have retrospectively analyzed HFMD outbreaks in Xiangyang from June 2008 to December 2013. All severe cases were enrolled to analyze the risk factors causing mortality and to compare the efficiency and outcome of some therapies by binary logistic regression.

Results

The HFMD involved 637 (1.26%) severe cases and 38 were fatal (0.75‰). Analysis indicate that age (<3y), EV71 (+), autonomic nervous system (ANS) dysregulation, pulmonary edema/haemorrhage, CRP (>40mg/L) and cardiac troponin I (cTnI) (>0.04ng/mL) are significant predictors of outcome for severe HFMD (all P < 0.05). IVIG and mechanic ventilation can significantly improve outcome of HFMD at early stage III (both P < 0.05) with odds ratios of 0.24 (95% CI: 0.10-0.57) and 0.01 (95% CI: 0.00-0.10) respectively. Methylprednisolone and milrinone administered at any stage did not make any significant differences on mortality (all P > 0.05). All therapies had no statistical significance on outcome at stage I and II (all P > 0.05).

Conclusions

Exactly recognition of the sever HFMD cases in early stage III and timely IVIG and mechanic ventilation application can significantly decrease mortality. Mechanic ventilation training program, and dispatching experts to county-level or district hospital when there are severe HFMD cases who lost transfer opportunity are two key successful administrative experience.
Morphological and molecular characterization of Labronema montanum sp. n. (Dorylaimida, Dorylaimidae) from Spain
Authors: Peña-Santiago R. , Abolafia J. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
A new species of the genus Labronema, collected in a natural mountain habitat of the southern Iberian Peninsula, in Spain, is studied, including its morphological and morphometric characterization, SEM observations, and D2-D3 28S-rRNA sequences. Labronema montanum sp. n. is distinguishable by its 1.56 to 2.08 mm long body, with lip region being offset by constriction and 19 to 24 µm broad, odontostyle 21 to 29 µm long, neck 417 to 551 µm long, pharyngeal expansion 205 to 272 µm long, the presence of three cardiac lobes at the pharyngo-intestinal junction, a long and tripartite uterus, longitudinal vulva (V = 57-60), a short and rounded caudal region (19–35 µm, c = 56-86, c = 0.5-0.8), spicules 65 to 76 µm long, and 20 to 25 nearly contiguous ventromedian supplements with hiatus.