bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Urinary cytokines and mRNA expression as biomarkers of disease activity in lupus nephritis
Authors: Jakiela B , Kosałka J , Plutecka H , Węgrzyn A S , Bazan-Socha S , Sanak M , Musiał J 
Published: April 2018

Introduction Renal involvement is one of the most serious manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus, but non-invasive assessment of inflammatory response in kidneys is challenging. In this study we aimed to validate markers of active lupus nephritis (LN) using urine immune profiling. Methods Urine and serum cytokines (17-plex array) and urine mRNA expression (∼40 immune and glomerular injury genes) were measured in LN patients with active disease ( n = 17) during remission ( n = 16) and in healthy subjects ( n = 18). Results Urine and serum levels of CCL2, CCL5 and CXCL10 were elevated in active LN as compared with disease remission (best discrimination for urine CXCL10 and CCL2) and correlated with LN activity. In the active disease, urinary cell transcriptome showed marked upregulation of proinflammatory cytokines (e.g. TNF, CCL2, CCL5, CXCL10), and type-1 immunity-related genes (e.g. CD3G, CD4, TBX21, IFNG). An active pattern of gene expression was also observed in four patients in remission, who had moderately increased urinary leucocyte count. Two patients from this group developed renal exacerbation during the following 3 months. Markers of type-17 immune axis (e.g. IL-17A) were not significantly increased in active LN. Conclusions Active LN patients were characterized by marked increase of proinflammatory mediators in the urine. Urine cytokines (CCL2 and CXCL10) and type-1 T-cell-related gene markers in the urine sediment had similar diagnostic performance in detection of active LN.
How embedded is public involvement in mainstream health research in England a decade after policy implementation? A realist evaluation
Authors: Wilson Patricia , Mathie Elspeth , Poland Fiona , Keenan Julia , Howe Amanda , Munday Diane , Kendall Sally , Cowe Marion , Staniszewska Sophie , Goodman Claire 
Published: April 2018

Objectives To explore how embedded patient and public involvement is within mainstream health research following two decades of policy-driven work to underpin health research with patient and public involvement in England. Methods Realist evaluation using Normalization Process Theory as a programme theory to understand what enabled patient and public involvement to be embedded as normal practice. Data were collected through a national scoping and survey, and qualitative methods to track patient and public involvement processes and impact over time within 22 nationally funded research projects. Results In research studies that were able to create reciprocal working relationships and to embed patient and public involvement this was contingent on: the purpose of patient and public involvement being clear; public contributors reflecting research end-beneficiaries; researchers understanding the value of patient and public involvement; patient and public involvement opportunities being provided throughout the research and ongoing evaluation of patient and public involvement. Key contested areas included: whether to measure patient and public involvement impact; seeking public contributors to maintain a balance between being research-aware and an outsider standpoint seen as ‘authentically’ lay; scaling-up patient and public involvement embedded within a research infrastructure rather than risk token presence and whether patient and public involvement can have a place within basic science. Conclusions While patient and public involvement can be well-integrated within all types of research, policy makers should take account of tensions that must be navigated in balancing moral and methodological imperatives.
Systematic review of participants’ attitudes towards data sharing: a thematic synthesis
Authors: Howe Nicola , Giles Emma , Newbury-Birch Dorothy , McColl Elaine 
Published: April 2018

Objectives Data sharing is well established in biological research, but evidence on sharing of clinical trial or public health research study data remains limited, in particular studies of research participants’ perspectives of data sharing. This study systematically reviewed international evidence of research participants’ attitudes towards the sharing of data for secondary research use. Methods Systematic search of seven databases, and author-, citation- and bibliography-follow up to identify studies examining research participants’ attitudes towards data sharing. Studies were thematically analysed using NVivo v10 to identify recurring themes. Results Nine studies were eligible for inclusion. Thematic analysis identified four key themes: (1) benefits of data sharing, including benefit to participants or immediate community, benefits to the public and benefits to science or research; (2) fears and harms, such as fear of exploitation, stigmatization or repercussions, alongside concerns about confidentiality and misuse of data; (3) data sharing processes, in particular the role of consent in the process; and (4) the relationship between participants and research such as trust in different types of research or organization and the relationship with the original research team. Conclusions The available literature on attitudes towards sharing data from clinical trials or public health interventions remains scant. This study has identified four themes regarding research participants’ attitudes and preferences, which should be considered by policy makers, and explored with further research.
Intelligent smart home energy efficiency model using artificial TensorFlow engine
Authors: Jo Hana , Yoon Yong Ik 
Published: April 2018

AbstractSmart home and IoT-related technologies are developing rapidly, and various smart devices are being developed to help users enjoy a more comfortable lifestyle. However, the existing smart homes are limited by a scarcity of operating systems to integrate the devices that constitute the smart home environment. This is because these devices use independent IoT platforms developed by the brand or company that developed the device, and they produce these devices based on self-service modules. A smart home that lacks an integrated operating system becomes an organizational hassle because the user must then manage each device individually. Furthermore, this leads to problems such as excessive traffic on the smart home network and energy wastage. To overcome these problems, it is necessary to build an integrated management system that connects IoT devices to each other. To efficiently manage IoT, we propose three intelligent models as IoT platform application services for a smart home. The three models are intelligence awareness target as a service (IAT), intelligence energy efficiency as a service (IE2S), and intelligence service TAS (IST). IAT manages the “things” stage. IAT uses intelligent learning to acquire a situational awareness of the data values generated by things (sensors) to collect data according to the environment. IE2S performs the role of a server (IoT platform) and processes the data collected by IAT. The server uses Mobius, which is an open-source platform that follows international standards, and an artificial TensorFlow engine is used for data learning. IE2S analyzes and learns the users’ usage patterns to help provide service automatically. IST helps to provide, control, and manage the service stage. These three intelligent models allow the IoT devices in a smart home to mutually cooperate with each other. In addition, these intelligent models can resolve the problems of network congestion and energy wastage by reducing unnecessary network tasks to systematically use energy according to the IoT usage patterns in the smart home.
Senecio and Larensis the Diners
Authors: Bartol Krystyna 
Published: April 2018

Senecio and Larensis the Diners. Two Non-Greek Intellectuals at the Heart of the Hellenic Symposion
This paper compares accounts of Senecio's actions in Plutarch's Table Talk with the relation of Larensis' comportment in Athenaeus' Deipnosophists. The results of the examination suggest that the extent of self-awareness of both characters is what should be understood as the symbolic accommodation between Greek and Roman in the High Empire times.
Aristophanes, the Acuser of Socrates: Some Sociolinguistics Aspects of Comedy
Authors: Bednarek Bartłomiej 
Published: April 2018

Aristophanes, the Acuser of Socrates: Some Sociolinguistics Aspects of Comedy
This paper examines the impact of verbal abuse typical of the old Attic comedy on the reputations of real-life citizens of Athens. It can be argued that the way in which comic poets insulted well-known people of their age shared many characteristics with the communicative strategies applied in everyday familiar speech. This may indicate that the only proper reaction to it consisted in accepting the ridicule as if it were not offensive.
The Case of the Angels: The Relevance of the Research by Classical Scholar John Cuthbert Lawson (1874-1919) on Modern Greek Culture
Authors: Bzinkowski Michał 
Published: April 2018

Case of the Angels: The Relevance of the Research by Classical Scholar John Cuthbert Lawson (1874-1919) on Modern Greek Culture
In my paper I focus on the well-known John Cuthbert Lawson’s study about Modern Greek folklore (1910) and I venture to verify if it may be regarded as a reliable source of information about Greek folk beliefs. I base my argument on the eschatological remarks Lawson made concerning the personification of Death – Charos and his relationship to the Christian Angels. Confronting Lawson’s views and his source material with other similar demotic songs, mainly from the collections he had had access to, I try to show in what way the older collections of folk-songs might have distorted or falsified the eschatological images of Charos and the Angels, and what he overlooked while analyzing the sources. I also shed some light on possible influences of Byzantine orthodoxy on Modern Greek folk tradition to which Greek demotic songs belong.
Intellectual Sources of Historian's Legitimization - The Case of Gregory of Tours
Authors: Choda Kamil 
Published: April 2018

Intellectual Sources of Historian's Legitimization - The Case of Gregory of Tours
The question of Gregory’s of Tours awareness of the persuasive potential of his learning he demonstrates in his works is discussed. The Touronian bishop’s high evaluation of the erudition of other men is clearly shown and juxtaposed with his opinion concerning his linguistic competence. Gregory’s ability to embellish his style, being a sign of the literary training is demonstrated. His degree of acquaintance with the classical literature is assessed and his familiarity with Latin poetry is underlined. The literal meaning of his statements concerning classical literature as detrimental to a Christian soul is contrasted with the subtle and indirect play those statements engage his readers in; their implicit meaning is shown to contradict their direct significance. Various examples of Gregory’s efforts to display his erudition in the field of literature and his high degree of learning, including a fair number of erudite digressions are brought forth. Gregory’s unambiguous statement concerning the intention with which he inserted them into his text is evoked. Finally, the Touronian Bishop’s positive judgment about his audience’s capacity of properly evaluating the erudite content of his writing is demonstrated and corroboratedwith the external evidence provided by contemporary sources.
Utrum Isocratea de bene conformatio animo disciplina ad alumnorum utilitates solum accomodata sit
Authors: Danek Zbigniew 
Published: April 2018

Utrum Isocratea de bene conformatio animo disciplina ad alumnorum utilitates solum accomodata sit
The purpose of this paper is to present the views of Isocrates on human excellence as a result of the educational process. The author examines some passages in Isocrates’ speeches, in which the well formed human virtue seems to be changeable and still dependent on the pupils’ social position. Apart from the fact that this virtue occurs as a faculty of seizing each opportunity to speak in a relevant way, it also appears to be once a kind of patience in bearing any success as well as any misfortune in the same manner, and, at other times, it presents itself as a type of activity of the mind, which seeks the best solutions to different problems of the State. It is argued that in the view of Isocrates, despite some relevancy in his model of human excellence, which must be adapted to the future social tasks of each of his pupils, human perfection always entails three most important values. Apart from speaking well at the right time and living agreeably with other people, this perfection is based, to a large extent, on some form of seriousness and a gravity of the mind, which remains totally independent of any opportunities of time.
Philicus' "Novel Composition" for the Alexandrian Grammarians: Initial Lines and Iambe's Speech
Authors: Danielewicz Jerzy 
Published: April 2018

Philicus' "Novel Composition" for the Alexandrian Grammarians: Initial Lines and Iambe's Speech
The Hymn to Demeter (SH 676-80) by Philicus of Corcyra can be viewed as a combination of new and traditional features. It contains a proclamation of novelty, but, at the same time, it is rooted in the hymnic tradition; the traceable characteristics of the conventional hymn, however, are considerably modified by Philicus and practically require redefinition. What seems particularly worth emphasising is the poet’s receptiveness to other than hymnic modes of expression as well as intertextual allusions ranging in time from the archaic period to the present day. Philicus’ poem (dw#ra) is “brought” to the grammatikoi, a specific group of recipients whose opinions must have counted so much that the poet decided to address to them his hymn on par with the gods. Although it is a truism to say that the ancient hymn composers took into account two communicative settings, one formally adopted (the author/performer – the god) and one resulting from the circumstances of their performance (the author/performer – the audience/readers), it is Philicus’ merit to state explicitly what the other poets used to leave implicit.
Plutarch in the Galaxy of New Media. Mechanisms of Reception
Authors: Dominas Konrad 
Published: April 2018

Plutarch in the Galaxy of New Media. Mechanisms of Reception
The aim of this article is to present the most important mechanisms of appearance Plutarch’s texts on the Internet. The author, referring to the scale-free network theory, identifies three overlapping each other spaces of reception: ancient literature, literature and popular culture, new media. The last one represents in the frame of Lev Manovich, whose book The language of new media complements Henry Jenkins in the concept of Convergence Culture.
Thecla's Hymn (Symp. 285-292) - Did Methodius of Olmypus Imitate Plato?
Authors: Heszen Agnieszka 
Published: April 2018

Thecla's Hymn (Symp. 285-292) - Did Methodius of Olmypus Imitate Plato?
In this article the author analyses the literary sources of Thecla’s hymn from Methodius of Olympus’ Symposium. It is obvious that Methodius took over his concept of the treaty on chastity from Plato’s Symposium, but in the end of the work, or Thecla’s Hymn, is closer to Origen, from whom he borrowed the concept of mystical marriage of the Church and of the soul. In the hymn there are some common motifs with Song of Songs, especially with regard to the allegorical interpretation of love. The hymn is not Platonic, but it is a poetic summary of philosophical discussion, and praise and glory to Christ.
The Written Text in the Athenian Political Culture in the First Decades of 4th Century BC
Authors: Janik Joanna 
Published: April 2018

The Written Text in the Athenian Political Culture in the First Decades of 4th Century BC
The growing impact of textuality in the classical Greece seems to be generally accepted view. However, the importance of the written text as an autonomous mean of transmission in different spheres of life in Athens in the IV century BC is more complex phenomenon. The purpose of this paper is to present a general sketch of this issue with particular emphasis on politics and individuals whose ambition was to have a real impact on the current affairs. In this context the activity of Isocrates and his self-consciousness provides especially interesting material for debate.
Grammatikoi and grammatistai: Teacher of Literature at Ammonius' Table (Plut. QC IX)
Authors: Komorowska Joanna 
Published: April 2018

Grammatikoi and grammatistai: Teacher of Literature at Ammonius' Table (Plut. QC IX)
In a vivid contrast to the less rigorous attitude displayed in other parts of the work, Book Nine of Plutarch’s Quaestiones convivales describes a single banquet: held in the house of the Athenian philosopher Ammonius, the banquet is held in honor of the Muses – in accordance with this aim, it is attended by the most learned among the Athenian society, the best of Athenian teachers. As I have discussed the contents as well as the actual structure of the book elsewhere (Komorowska 2014), it seems advisable to supplement that particular discussion with a consideration of yet another aspect, an aspect of particular importance given the theme of the present volume: with a roomful of teachers, it would be interesting to inquire into the possible peculiarities of their portrayal. My focus, however, will be on the single and possibly most colorful group attending the banquet, i.e. the grammarians, as set against the background of the two personages of particular importancein Plutarch’s narrative, namely the host, Ammonius, and the one often hidden behind the tale, but frequently present within the tale, i.e. Plutarch himself. A methodological caveat should be however signaled right at the beginning: my interest lies with a literary portrayal rather than factual reference, which effectively means that regardless of their possible ‘reality’ the personae of Plutarch’s will be considered as prosopa of the narrative2, the internal dynamics governing their mutual interactions carefully traced in order to reconstruct something of the Cheronean’s attitude towards various academic disciplines as present in QC IX. By necessity, such a discussion will involve some narratological inquires relating both to the execution of actual narrative incl. authorial/narratorial choices involved and to the persona of the narrator.
Cicero de re publica eiusque rectoribus quid putaverit
Authors: Korpanty Iosephus 
Published: April 2018

Cicero de re publica eiusque rectoribus quid putaverit
The paper analyses Cicero’s attitude towards the Roman republic and its celebrated leaders, such as Cato Major. The opinion of Cicero on certain aspects of proper Republican leadership and the attitude of the populace towards them (e.g. the problem of invidia) are also examined.
"Grammatica" of Emmanuel Alvarez SJ and its Editions in Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in the 16th Century
Authors: Łukaszewska-Haberkowa Justyna 
Published: April 2018

"Grammatica" of Emmanuel Alvarez SJ and its Editions in Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in the 16th Century
The paper briefly characterizes the Jesuit education in the Polish-Lituanian Commonwealth in 16th century and the first Latin grammar book by Emmanuel Alvarez SJ used in colleges. The reader is presented with a brief description of the Grammatica of Alvarez and its editions in Poland till the end of the 16th century.
"Tu dici che di Silvio il parente [...] ad immortale secolo ando" (inf., II, 13-15): Il protagonista della Divina Comedia di Dante come "Nuovo Enea"
Authors: Maślanka-Soro Maria 
Published: April 2018

"Tu dici che di Silvio il parente [...] ad immortale secolo ando" (inf., II, 13-15): Il protagonista della Divina Comedia di Dante come "Nuovo Enea"
The protagonist of the famous poem of Dante Alighieri has a lot in common with the Virgilian Aeneas: both have a mission to accomplish, but its meaning is profoundly different: political in the case of the son of Anchises and universal in that of Dante-pilgrim. Aeneas will encounter, in the Otherworld, his father and from him he will learn about his own future as well as that of the Roman Empire of which he will become a protoplast. The disciple of Virgil in Dante will know a posthumous destiny of Man with the purpose of showing mankind the way of moral and spiritual renewal. This paper presents a comparative analysis of the figures of “old” and “new” Aeneas, involving an intertextual approach to the theme of their katabasis. The illustration of the similarities and differences between them takes into consideration the changed cultural and spiritual context and the aspiration of the Italian poet to become a “new” Virgil whose masterpiece is superior to the Aeneid both in content and form.
The Counterfeit and Fake Emperor - Procopius in the Res Gestae of Ammanius Marcelinus
Authors: Mleczek Anna 
Published: April 2018

The Counterfeit and Fake Emperor - Procopius in the Res Gestae of Ammanius Marcelinus
The article discusses Procopius’ usurpation which took place in 365-366 AD. Ammianus in his Res gestae deals not only with the historical details of this event, but also focuses on its interesting literary aspects. On the basis of quotations and sources the author of this article analyses these literary images of the whole issue, which are an integral part of Ammianus’ historical narrative. This article was written with a view to showing the metaphorical and theatrical creations of the usurper against the background of the more important stages of his coup.
Arist. Rhet. 2.23.1398B and the Cult of Pythagoras
Authors: Mojsik Tomasz 
Published: April 2018

Arist. Rhet. 2.23.1398B and the Cult of Pythagoras
In the present article I would like to focus on three things: the usefulness of Alcidamas’s fragment (cited in Arist. Rhet. 2.23.1398b) for the procedure of establishing when the cult of poets/intellectuals began, the suitability of the terminology in scholarly papers which refer to the problem, and the validity of the information about Pythagoras. In conclusion it is proposed that there are no existing testimonies supporting the (weak) hypothesis that the phrase καὶ Ἰταλιῶται Πυθαγόραν featuring in manuscripts of Rhetoric is authentic. Few late testimonies are either too vague or they indicate only Crotone and Metapontum, and not Greeks from the Italian peninsula in general. Such a perspective is not typical (to say the least) and at most reveals that the mention of respecting Pythagoras by those Greeks is not to be trusted fully. In the form as we know it, the phrase does not harmonize neither with the times of Alcidamas nor with the passage quoted by Aristotle.
Some Intellectuals in Tacitus and Pliny the Younger
Authors: Pigoń Jakub 
Published: April 2018

Some Intellectuals in Tacitus and Pliny the Younger
The paper provides a (far from exhaustive) overview of references found in Tacitus’ historical works (Annales, Historiae, Agricola) and in Pliny the Younger’s Epistulae to people who may be defined as “intellectuals”, notably to orators, historians and philosophers. The historian Tacitus is, in general terms, somewhat uninterested in those people in their capacity as men of letters; his focus is, rather, on their involvement in Roman politics (but he makes some interesting side-comments on their intellectual activity). Pliny, on the other hand, is more inclined to emphasize their mental pursuits and, also, to praise their achievements. However, a closer reading of passages devoted to such intellectuals in the Epistulae reveals that he uses them to promote his own image as an ideal Roman, devoted not only to studia but also to officia publica and officia amicorum, and an upholder of humanitas.