bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Where do we go with HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis in Indonesia?
Authors: Sutarsa I Nyoman 
Published: April 2019

Mantled by discrimination and exclusion, HIV/AIDS became a major epidemic of present-day globalization. Access to antiretroviral therapy (ART) and numerous preventative measures have resulted in reduced mortality and morbidity rates.1 However, the burden of disease associated with HIV infection remains tremendous. Total number of people living with HIV in 2016 were 36.7 million.Â PrEP is an effective additional prevention strategy at trial settings. Decision to adopt PrEP as a public health intervention must be made based on the need and capacity of current systems. Instead of allocating substantial resources for PrEP, the limited resources could be wisely allocated to scale-up the existing prevention strategies including access to ART, as well as to ensure equality of access of people to full-range of HIV prevention and treatment measures.
Transcranial decompression of the optic nerve channels in meningiomas of the chiasmal-cellar region: efficiency, risks and complications
Authors: Kutin M. A. , Kalinin P. L. , Kadashev B. A. , Shkarubo A. N. , Fomichev D. V. , Sharipov O. I. , Andreev D. N. , Lasunin N. V. , Galkin M. V. , Serova N. K. , Tropinskaya O. F. , Zhadenova I. V. , Kuchaeva A. V. , Strunina Yu. V. , Mikhailov N. I. , Abdilatipov A. A. , Chernov I. V. , Ismailov D. B. , Koval K. V. , Kutin I. M. 
Published: April 2019

The study objective is evaluate the effectiveness and risks of using intradural and extradural decompression of the optic nerve channels during standard transcranial removal of meningiomas of the chiasmal-cellar region region. Materials and methods. The results of 161 decompression of channel of optic nerve in 129 patients are analyzed. In most patients (n = 122), an intradural decompression (resection) of the canal roof was performed. In 7 patients, an extradural decompression of the upper and lateral walls of the canal was performed. Results. In assessing the risks of visual impairment as a result of channel decompression, we found that decompression itself, without attempts to separate the tumor from the nerve, causes vision impairment in 8.6 % of cases. Attempts to separate the tumor from the optic nerves increase the risk of vision impairment from 16.7 to 26.9 %, depending on the radicality. Conclusion. A small number of complications (iatrogenic amaurosis and nasal liquorrhea) make it possible to recommend the described technique as an effective and safe addition to standard transcranial operations to remove the meningiomas of the chiasmal-cellar region.
Surgical treatment of frontopolar artery aneurysm: a case report
Authors: Lukyanchikov V. A. , Senko I. V. , Idalov M. M. , Umarov R. M. , Yusupova M. M. , Idalov Z. M. , Krylov V. V. 
Published: April 2019

The study objective is to describe the results of surgical treatment of a patient with frontopolar artery aneurysm rupture. Materials and methods. A 22-year-old female patient in grave condition (Hunt and Hess grade 3, Glasgow coma score 14) was admitted to the Department of Neurosurgery on day 5 after hemorrhage. The patient presented with headache, nausea, weakness, and stiff neck. However, no hemodynamic, respiratory, motor, or sensitive disorders were observed. Computed tomography of the brain revealed a 35 cm3 intracerebral hemorrhage in the projection of the interhemispheric fissure and frontal lobes without transverse or axial dislocation. Computed tomography angiography demonstrated a distal aneurysm of the right frontopolar artery. Results. The patient underwent emergency osteoplastic craniotomy in the right pterional region followed by aneurysm excision and removal of intracerebral hemorrhage. The postoperative period was uneventful (Glasgow outcome score 5). The patient was discharged on day 14 postoperatively with no signs of focal neurological deficit. Conclusion. Thorough preoperative examination of patients with lobar hemorrhages prevents severe complications during surgery, such as uncontrolled intraoperative bleeding.
Systemic inflammation and immunological microenvironment in prognosis of solid tumors
Authors: Kutukova S. I. , Belyak N. P. , Raskin G. A. , Manikhas G. M. , Yaremenko A. I. , Ivaskova Yu. V. , Bozhor S. S. 
Published: April 2019

The purpose of the research. To study prognostic significance of indicators of systemic inflammation of peripheral blood and relative indicators: neutrophil‑lymphocytic and platelet‑lymphocytic ratio, the course of squamous cell carcinoma of the oral mucosa and gastric adenocarcinoma.Materials and methods. Prospective analysis of patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the oral mucosa and disseminated gastric adenocarcinoma was performed. Patients with verified diagnosis, without signs of inflammatory diseases in anamnesis, not receiving antibacterial and immunomodulatory therapy were selected. Overall survival and survival without progression were considered as the main estimated parameters.Results. The selection criteria were met by 32 patients with disseminated gastric adenocarcinoma and 60 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the oral mucosa. The prognostic value of relative indicators is determined: overall survival of patients with gastric adenocarcinoma with a low value of the neutrophil‑lymphocytic index is significantly higher than that of the rest of the cohort of patients: 16 months vs. 8 and 7 months (95 % CI (confidence interval) from 12 to 23 months, p=0.0382). Overall survival of patients with low platelet‑lymphocytic index was also higher: 16 months vs. 8 months (95 % CI from 11 to 24 months, р=0,0026). Different relapse‑free survival was noted in the group of patients with squamous cell head and neck cancer: patients with low index value it is 7 months vs. 2 months (95 % CI from 5 to 9 months, p=0.0499).Conclusions. The results show the possibility of using immunological microenvironment of the tumor and indices, characterizing the systemic inflammation, for prognosis of gastric adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma of the oral mucosa.
Tacrolimus Pharmacokinetics in Living-Donor and Deceased-Donor Liver Transplant in Saudi Patients
Authors: Abou-Auda Hisham S. , Qaddour Eqbal , Alsisi Hussein , Ajlan Azizah , Alsebayel Mohammad 
Published: April 2019

Introduction: Tacrolimus is a macrolide immunosuppressant. It has a narrow therapeutic index and serious side effects which necessitate monitoring of tacrolimus blood concentration. The trough concentration of the drug may also differ based on the type of liver transplant. This study was conducted to investigate differences in pharmacokinetics between transplant types and to determine tacrolimus population pharmacokinetic in liver transplant recipients in Saudi Arabia.
Method: Patients on tacrolimus, as the main immunosuppressant, who underwent liver transplant throughout2012-2014 were retrospectively studied. Demographic characteristic, tacrolimus blood trough concentrations, liver, renal, biochemistry, and hematology lab results were all collected. The pharmacokinetic parameters were estimated assuming one compartment model.
Results: Tacrolimus pharmacokinetic parameters were found to be as following; elimination rate constant () 0.094 ± 0.0123, apparent volume of distribution () 112.48±63.033 L/hr, elimination half-life () 7.46± 1.01 hr and apparent total body clearance () 10.27± 5.69 L/hr (mean ± SD).
Statistically significant difference was found between living-donor and deceased-donor liver transplant with respect to apparent clearance and apparent volume of distribution. Living-donor liver transplant recipients have apparent volume of distribution of 97.39±47.00 L (mean ± SD) and an apparent clearance of 8.89±4.24L/hr (mean± SD). On the other hand, deceased-donor liver transplant has an apparent clearance of 12.97±7.09L/hr (mean ± SD) and an apparent volume of distribution of 142.17± 78.65 L (mean ± SD).
Conclusions: Tacrolimus pharmacokinetics parameters were accurately determined in liver transplant recipients in Saudi Arabia. The results of the present study can be clinically used in the therapeutic drug monitoring of tacrolimus in the individualization of drug dosage and taking the appropriate clinical decisions to prevent allograft rejection.
OPTIMALISASI PENDAYAGUNAAN DANA INFAQ-SEDEKAH DALAM MENINGKATKAN PENDAPATAN PETANI DENGAN PROGRAM ALSINTAN (Studi Kasus Pada Desa Saleh Jaya Banyuasin Sumatera Selatan
Authors: Lestari Citra 
Published: April 2019

ABSTRAK
Infaq merupakan harta yang dikeluarkan oleh seseorang atau badan usaha di luar zakat untuk kemaslahata numum.Oleh karena itu, subtansi infaq itu lebih umum subtansi zakat.Sebagaimana firman Allah Swt. Sama halnya dengan sedekah bahwa sedekah adalah pemberian sesuatu dari seseorang kepada orang lain karena ingin mendapatkan pahala dari Allah. Penelitian meneliti Optomalisasi Pendayagunaan dana infaq-sedekah dalam meningkatkan pendapatan petani dengan program alsintan di desaSaleh Jaya, Banyuasin Sumatera Selatan. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu pertama untuk mengetahui bentuk pengumpulan dan pembinaan dana infaq dan sedekah dari petani ke petani yang dilakukan oleh BMT Saleh Jaya, kedua mengetahui bentuk pengelolaan dana infaq dan sedekah melalui program Alsintan yang dilakukan oleh BMT Saleh Jaya, dan yang ketiga adalah untuk mengetahui Seberapa besar bentuk kebermanfaatan program Alsintan dalam mensejahterakan ummat di luar desa Saleh Jaya.Kemudianmetodelogi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu penelitian mixed methods, yang mana penelitian ini dapat diartikan sebagai metode penelitian yang mengkombinasikan antara dua metode penelitian sekaligus, yaitu kualitatif dan kuantitatif dalam suatu kegiatan penelitian yang nantinya akan diperoleh data yang lebih komprehensif, valid, reliabel, dan objektif. Kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini yaitu pertama Pengumpulan dan Pembinaan Dana Infaq-Sedekah dikumpulkan oleh sebuah lembaga agama kemasyarakatan seperti di Badan Kepengurusan Masjid (BKM), Lembaga Amil Zakat (LAZ), Badan Amil Zakat (BAZ), Baitul Mal wa Tamwil (BMT), ataupun lembaga lainnya. Dana tersebut dikumpulkan dan nantinya akan dikelola dengan baik oleh lembaga-lembaga yang bersangkutan. Kedua pengelolaan Alsintan dengan Dana Infaq-Sedekah adalah Setiap bulannya para petani yang dalam hal ini yaitu petani kaya yang artinya mereka memiliki keunggulan dalam kegiatan pertaniannya selalu melakukan infaq dan sedekah. Ketiga Pemanfaatan Program Alsintan dalam Mensejahterakan Ummat adalah dengan meningkatkan efisiensi, produktivitas, dan mutu produk pertanian. Peningkatan efisiensi, produktivitas dan mutu produk pertanian membutuhkan sentuhan mekanisasi pertanian, di samping sangat ditentukan oleh modal dan kualitas sumber daya manusia.
Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Penentuan Lahan Pertanian, Pertambangan, Dan Perindustrian (Softplet) Dengan Menggunakan Metode Smarter
Authors: Yunus Amak , Rohman Achmad Cholirul 
Published: April 2019

Kota Malang masih mempunyai lahan yang kosong dan tidak terawat padahal lahan tersebut ketika di manfaatkan dan dikelolah dengan baik bisa membantu perekonomian penduduk di daerah sekitar yang masih belum stabil semakin banyaknya lahan pertanian, pertambangan, dan perindustrian maka ekonomi dan lapangan kerja juga akan semakin banyak sehingga bisa mengurangi angka pengangguran dan tindak kriminal yang ada di kota malang karena masalah perekonomian oleh itu pula penulis membuat sebuah Sistem Pendukung Keputusan penentuan lahan pertanian, pertambangan, dan perindustrian (softplet) dengan metode smarter di kota malang yang dapat membantu pemanfaatan lahan kosong dan tidak terawat.
Dalam pengembangan sistem informasi penentuan letak lahan pertanian, pertambangan, dan perindustrian ini penulis menggunakan bahasa pemrograman WEB dan MySQL 5.0 sebagai database servernya. Untuk perancangannya menggunakan metode terstruktur yang menggunakan UML sebagai alat bantu untuk merancang aplikasi pengembangan Sistem Pendukung Keputusan penentuan lahan pertanian, pertambangan, dan perindustrian dengan metode smarter (softplet) di kota malang.
Pengembangan Sistem Pendukung Keputusan penentuan lahan pertanian, pertambangan, dan perindustrian diharap bisa membantu pengolahan dan pemanfaatan lahan kosong yang tidak terpakai sebagai lahan pekerjaan serta meminimalisir tingkat pengangguran dan tindak kriminal karena masalah perekonomian.
Amniotic membrane transplantation in a patient with an impending perforated corneal ulcer caused by Streptococcus mitis: a case report
Authors: Hsiao Fang-Chi , Meir Yaa-Jyuhn James , Yeh Lung-Kun , Tan Hsin-Yuan , Hsiao Ching-Hsi , Ma Hui-Kang David , Wu Wei-Chi , Chen Hung-Chi 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Background: Streptococcus mitis (S. mitis) belongs to the viridans group streptococci, which is rarely isolated as a causative pathogen of corneal ulcers. When S. mitis causes keratitis, penetrating keratoplasty (PK) might be necessary. Herein, we demonstrated that amniotic membrane transplantation (AMT) may be an easier procedure with acceptable outcomes and with fewer complications.

Case presentation: A 63-year-old female presented with a right persistent corneal ulcer that she had suffered from for the past nine months. The culture of a corneal scraping yielded S. mitis. The right eye descemetocele decreased from 3 mm in diameter to 0.8 mm in diameter after the continuous administration of topical vancomycin and ceftriaxone for two weeks. Due to the slow healing, AMT was performed. Her corneal erosion healed and gradually became clear. Her visual acuity recovered from initially counting fingers to 20/200 17 months after AMT.

Conclusion: This unusual case illustrated that antibiotics plus AMT may be an effective alternative treatment instead of PK to promote epithelialization and to reduce inflammation in corneas complicated by S. mitis keratitis.
Release of Heavy Metals from Dolomite Phosphate Rock after Activation with Organic Agent
Authors: Yu Ying , Xiong Jibing , Liu Ruliang , He Zhenli 
Published: April 2019

As high‐grade phosphate reserves begin to diminish worldwide, low‐grade phosphate rock such as that containing dolomite [CaMg(CO3)2] needs to be explored as a potential fertilizer. Activation of dolomite phosphate rock with humic acid substantially increased P availability by chelating Ca2+ and Mg2+. However, the release potential of heavy metals during the activation process should be evaluated. In this study, an orthogonal experiment was designed to investigate the effects of major activating factors on the release of Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn in activated fertilizers using a batch‐equilibrium technique. The release potential of heavy metals from activated fertilizers was further compared with single superphosphate fertilizers made from the same dolomite phosphate rock. The activation process increased water‐soluble Cr, Ni, and Zn by 39.8 to 65.7, 26.5 to 35.6, and 6.9 to 14.6 times, respectively, as compared with the original dolomite phosphate rocks, but there was a decrease in water‐soluble Cd, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn by 1.4 to 5.4, 5.4 to 8.6, 2.3 to 3.7, 0.7 to 2.8, and 2.6 to 5.0 times, respectively, as compared with single superphosphate fertilizers. The release of heavy metals was affected by activating factors including dolomite phosphate rock type, particle size, humic acid dosage, and moisture content. Similar results were obtained with Mehlich‐3 extraction, but levels of Mehlich‐3‐extractable heavy metals were less in activated fertilizers than in the original dolomite phosphate rocks, except Cu. These results indicate that activated fertilizers contain less bioavailable heavy metals than single superphosphate fertilizers and, therefore, are more environmentally friendly for application in agriculture.Core Ideas
We studied release potential of heavy metal from activation of dolomite phosphate rock.
Mineral type, particle size, agent dosage, and moisture affected metal release.
The activation process released much less labile heavy metal than acidification.
The activated phosphate fertilizer is more eco‐friendly than superphosphates.
Watershed Vulnerability to Invasive N2–Fixing Autumn Olive and Consequences for Stream Nitrogen Concentrations
Authors: Singh Gurbir , Mejía Natalia M.M. , Williard Karl W.J. , Schoonover Jon E. , Groninger John W. 
Published: April 2019

Autumn olive (Elaeagnus umbellata Thunb.) is an invasive and exotic N2–fixing plant species found throughout the United States. Proliferation and spread of autumn olive have displaced native plants and raised concerns about the effects of N fixation and cycling on water quality in invaded areas. This study investigated the relationship between autumn olive cover and stream N concentrations. Twelve forested watersheds were selected and classified into edge, mid‐distance, and interior‐of‐the‐forest watersheds based on autumn olive density and distance from the permanent edge of invasion point along a major road corridor. For the 2012 vegetation survey, autumn olive cover in edge, mid, and interior watersheds ranged from 37 to 61%, 18 to 37%, and 4 to 10%, respectively. From 2006 to 2012, mean stream water NO3–N concentration in the edge watersheds was significantly higher (1.39 mg L−1, p < 0.0001) than mid (0.37 mg L−1) and interior (0.27 mg L−1) watersheds. A linear relationship was found between NO3–N concentration and autumn olive cover (R2 = 0.72, p = 0.0001). Mean stream water NH4–N, specific conductivity, and pH were significantly less in the interior watersheds than in the edge watersheds. Additionally, peak specific conductivity and NO3–N from edge watersheds coincided with peak stage for these watersheds, demonstrating that N flushing events were driven by surface and shallow subsurface flow pathways proximal to the stream. Results from this study demonstrate how encroachment of autumn olive can influence water quality and transform biogeochemical cycles in natural systems, which points to the need for effective management of autumn olive in the edge watersheds and riparian zones that are vulnerable to invasion and increased N export.Core Ideas
Substantial autumn olive cover was found along riparian habitats in marginal forest.
Autumn olive invasion in interior‐of‐the‐forest watersheds was lowest.
Encroachment of autumn olive can influence water quality.
Autumn olive invasion can transform biogeochemical cycles in natural systems.
Autumn‐olive‐invaded edge watersheds had greatest N concentrations in stream water.
Direct‐Current Circuit Analysis of Time Domain Reflectometry with Variable Coaxial Cable Length for Electrical Conductivity Measurements
Authors: Hu Wei , Shuai Xiufu 
Published: April 2019

Core Ideas
Formula of soil EC was simply derived from a multi‐section transmission line at zero frequency.
A multi‐section transmission line at zero frequency acted as a direct‐current circuit.
The Kirchhoff's voltage law rather than reflection scatter functions was used in the derivation.
Formula of soil EC derived from zero frequency was identical to that when frequency approached zero.
The improved formula of time domain reflectometry (TDR) with variable coaxial cable length for electrical conductivity (EC) measurements was derived based on the theory of multi‐section transmission line when the frequency was approaching zero. The derivation procedure was quite complicated. The goal of this study was to derive the formula when the multi‐section transmission line was at zero frequency. At zero frequency, the multi‐section transmission line became a direct‐current circuit which consisted of the resistance of the soil sample, the series resistance and shunt conductance of the coaxial cable, and the characteristic impedence of the cable tester. Kirchhoff's voltage law was used to formulate the ratio of the voltage at the interface between the coaxial cable and the cable tester to the voltage of the cable tester. The formula for soil EC measurement derived from zero frequency was identical to that derived from the procedure when the frequency was approaching zero.
BEST‐2K Method for Characterizing Dual‐Permeability Unsaturated Soils with Ponded and Tension Infiltrometers
Authors: Lassabatere Laurent , Di Prima Simone , Bouarafa Sofia , Iovino Massimo , Bagarello Vincenzo , Angulo-Jaramillo Rafael 
Published: April 2019

Core Ideas
We present a new method for the hydraulic characterization of dual‐permeability soils.
The BEST‐2K method was validated with synthetic soil data.
The BEST‐2K method was also validated with real experimental data for contrasting soils.
This study presents a new method (BEST‐2K) that extends the existing BEST methods for use in characterizing the water retention and hydraulic conductivity functions of matrix and fast‐flow regions in dual‐permeability soils. BEST‐2K requires input information from two water infiltration experiments that are performed under ponded (Beerkan) and unsaturated (tension infiltrometer) conditions at the surface. Other required inputs include water content measurements and the traditional BEST inputs (particle size distribution and bulk density). In this study, first, a flowchart of the BEST‐2K method was developed and illustrated with analytically generated data for a synthetic dual‐permeability soil. Next, a sensitivity analysis was performed to assess the accuracy of BEST‐2K and its sensitivity to the quality of the inputs (water contents and cumulative infiltrations, and the prior estimation of the volume ratio occupied by the fast‐flow region). Lastly, BEST‐2K was applied to real experimental data to characterize three soils that are prone to preferential flow. BEST‐2K was found to be a particularly useful tool that combines experimental and modeling approaches for characterizing dual‐permeability soils and, more generally, soils prone to preferential flows.
A Novel Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) Based Highly Selective Filtering Power Divider
Authors: Mahant Keyur , Mewada Hiren 
Published: April 2019

Aims:
In this paper, a novel Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) based filtering power
divider is presented.

Objective:
In the proposed power divider, filtering response is achieved by interleaving inductive
posts in the SIW structure. The proposed structure reduces the size and the cost of the system, as the
structure performs the function of the power divider as well as the function of a filter.

Methods:
Simulation of the proposed structure was carried out using commercial software Ansoft High
Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS), which is a three-dimensional full-wave solver utilizing the
Finite Element Method (FEM). The proposed power divider structure was also fabricated and tested.

Results:
The measured return loss was found to be -21.78 dB with 3 dB Fractional Bandwidth (FBW)
of 4.72% at the center frequency of 14.8 GHz. Moreover, the proposed structure showed an insertion
loss of 0.96 dB, isolation of more than 18 dB; maximum amplitude and phase imbalance was observed
to be 0.18 dB and 1.24° respectively within the operating frequency band.

Conclusion:
Good agreements are observed between the experimental results and the simulations.
Performance Augmenting of a Vertical Axis Wind Turbine using Adaptable Convergent Ducting System
Authors: Jadallah Abdullateef A. , Farag Sahar R. , Hamdi Jinan D. 
Published: April 2019

Developments are carried out to enhance the performance of vertical axis wind turbines (VAWT). This paper studies the performance of the ducted wind turbine with convergent duct (DAWT). Basically, the duct technique is utilized to provide the desired wind velocity facing the turbine. Methodology was developed to estimate the decisive performance parameter and to present the effect of the convergent duct with different inlet angles. The ducted wind turbine was analyzed and simulated using MATLAB software and numerically using ANSYS-Fluent 17.2. Result of both approaches were presented and showed good closeness for the two cases of covering angles 12 and 20 respectively. Results also showed that the convergent duct with an inlet angle 12 and 20 improved the coefficient of performance at a specified tip speed ratio by 25.8% and 33.33% respectively in the productivity of wind turbine.