bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diurnal regulation of cyanogenic glucoside biosynthesis and endogenous turnover in cassava
Authors: Schmidt Frederik Bøgeskov , Cho Seok Keun , Olsen Carl Erik , Yang Seong Wook , Møller Birger Lindberg , Jørgensen Kirsten 
Published: February 2018

AbstractCyanogenic glucosides are present in many plants, including eudicots, monocots, and ferns and function as defence compounds based on their ability to release hydrogen cyanide. In this study, the diurnal rhythm of cyanogenic glucoside content and of transcripts and enzymes involved in their biosynthesis was monitored in cassava plants grown in a glasshouse under natural light conditions. Transcripts of CYP79D1, CYP79D2, CYP71E7/11, and UGT85K5 were at minimal levels around 9 p.m., increased during the night and decreased following onset of early morning light. Transcripts of UGT85K4 and HNL10 showed more subtle variations with a maximum reached in the afternoon. Western blots showed that the protein levels of CYP71E7/11 and UGT85K4/5 decreased during the light period to a near absence around 4 p.m. and then recovered during the dark period. Transcript and protein levels of linamarase were stable throughout the 24‐hr cycle. The linamarin content increased during the dark period. In the light period, spikes in the incoming solar radiation were found to result in concomitantly reduced linamarin levels. In silico studies of the promoter regions of the biosynthetic genes revealed a high frequency of light, abiotic stress, and development‐related transcription factor binding motifs. The synthesis and endogenous turnover of linamarin are controlled both at the transcript and protein levels. The observed endogenous turnover of linamarin in the light period may offer a source of reduced nitrogen to balance photosynthetic carbon fixation. The rapid decrease in linamarin content following light spikes suggests an additional function of linamarin as a ROS scavenger.
Soil mixture composition alters Arabidopsis susceptibility to Pseudomonas syringae infection
Authors: Hassan Jana A. , de la Torre‐Roche Roberto , White Jason C. , Lewis Jennifer D. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractPseudomonas syringae is a gram‐negative bacterial pathogen that causes disease on more than 100 different plant species, including the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. Dissection of the Arabidopsis thaliana–Pseudomonas syringae pathosystem has identified many factors that contribute to successful infection or immunity, including the genetics of the host, the genetics of the pathogen, and the environment. Environmental factors that contribute to a successful interaction can include temperature, light, and the circadian clock, as well as the soil environment. As silicon‐amended Resilience soil is advertised to enhance plant health, we sought to examine the extent to which this soil might affect the behavior of the A. thaliana–P. syringae model pathosystem and to characterize the mechanisms through which these effects may occur. We found that plants grown in Si‐amended Resilience soil displayed enhanced resistance to bacteria compared to plants grown in non‐Si‐amended Sunshine soil, and salicylic acid biosynthesis and signaling were not required for resistance. Although silicon has been shown to contribute to broad‐spectrum resistance, our data indicate that silicon is not the direct cause of enhanced resistance and that the Si‐amended Resilience soil has additional properties that modulate plant resistance. Our work demonstrates the importance of environmental factors, such as soil in modulating interactions between the plant and foliar pathogens, and highlights the significance of careful annotation of the environmental conditions under which plant–pathogen interactions are studied.
Origin-Specific Adhesive Interactions of Mesenchymal Stem Cells with Platelets Influence Their Behavior After Infusion
Authors: Sheriff Lozan , Alanazi Asma , Ward Lewis S. C. , Ward Carl , Munir Hafsa , Rayes Julie , Alassiri Mohammed , Watson Steve P. , Newsome Phil N. , Rainger G. E. , Kalia Neena , Frampton Jon , McGettrick Helen M. , Nash Gerard B. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractWe investigated the adhesive behavior of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) in blood, which might influence their fate when infused as therapy. Isolated human bone marrow MSC (BMMSC) or umbilical cord MSC (UCMSC) adhered efficiently from flow to the matrix proteins, collagen, or fibronectin, but did not adhere to endothelial selectins. However, when suspended in blood, BMMSC no longer adhered to collagen, while UCMSC adhered along with many aggregated platelets. Neither MSC adhered to fibronectin from flowing blood, although the fibronectin surface did become coated with a platelet monolayer. UCMSC induced platelet aggregation in platelet rich plasma, and caused a marked drop in platelet count when mixed with whole human or mouse blood in vitro, or when infused into mice. In contrast, BMMSC did not activate platelets or induce changes in platelet count. Interestingly, isolated UCMSC and BMMSC both adhered to predeposited platelets. The differences in behavior in blood were attributable to expression of podoplanin (an activating ligand for the platelet receptor CLEC-2), which was detected on UCMSC, but not BMMSC. Thus, platelets were activated when bound to UCMSC, but not BMMSC. Platelet aggregation by UCMSC was inhibited by recombinant soluble CLEC-2, and UCMSC did not cause a reduction in platelet count when mixed with blood from mice deficient in CLEC-2. We predict that both MSC would carry platelets in the blood, but their interaction with vascular endothelium would depend on podoplanin-induced activation of the bound platelets. Such interactions with platelets might target MSC to damaged tissue, but could also be thrombotic.
Wind power within European grid codes: Evolution, status and outlook
Authors: Vrana Til Kristian , Flynn Damian , Gomez‐Lazaro Emilio , Kiviluoma Juha , Marcel Davy , Cutululis Nicolaos , Smith J. Charles 
Published: February 2018

Grid codes are technical specifications that define the requirements for any facility connected to electricity grids. Wind power plants are increasingly facing system stability support requirements similar to conventional power stations, which is to some extent unavoidable, as the share of wind power in the generation mix is growing. The adaptation process of grid codes for wind power plants is not yet complete, and grid codes are expected to evolve further in the future. ENTSO‐E is the umbrella organization for European TSOs, seen by many as a leader in terms of requirements sophistication. A current development by ENTSO‐E aims to develop a uniform grid code framework for Europe. The new European codes leave many key aspects unspecified, referring instead to regulation by the relevant TSO, but they do provide a positive and encouraging step in the right direction. The present document is largely based on the definitions and provisions set out by ENTSO‐E. The main European grid code requirements are outlined here, including also HVDC connections and DC‐connected power park modules. The focus is on requirements that are considered particularly relevant for large wind power plants. Afterwards, an outlook and discussion on possible future requirements is provided. This review has been written by members of IEA Wind Task 25, but it does not represent an official viewpoint of the IEA.This article is categorized under:

Wind Power > Systems and Infrastructure
Males’ Later-Life Mortality Consequences of Coresidence With Paternal Grandparents: Evidence From Northeast China, 1789–1909
Authors: Zang Emma , Campbell Cameron 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
In this study, we investigate the effect of early-life coresidence with paternal grandparents on male mortality risks in adulthood and older age in northeast China from 1789 to 1909. Despite growing interest in the influence of grandparents on child outcomes, few studies have examined the effect of coresidence with grandparents in early life on mortality in later life. We find that coresidence with paternal grandmothers in childhood is associated with higher mortality risks for males in adulthood. This may reflect the long-term effects of conflicts between mothers and their mothers-in-law. These results suggest that in extended families, patterns of coresidence in childhood may have long-term consequences for mortality, above and beyond the effects of common environmental and genetic factors, even when effects on childhood mortality are not readily apparent.
Colonic phytobezoar
Authors: Kfouri Cláudio Franco do Amaral , Romania Maria Clara Ferreira Nonato , Julião Rennan Josely Moreira , Tomazella André Domingos Pippa , Amorim Guilherme Paulo Carvalho de , Silva Cleibe Nicácio da , Silva Claudinei da , Sartor Maria Cristina 
Published: February 2018

AbstractBezoars, although rare, represent a small part of the etiologies of intestinal obstructions. They are indigestible masses formed in human beings consisting of hair, seeds, plant fibers, fruits, and even medications. The present report concerns a male patient with a complaint of interrupted flatus passage and feces elimination and pain in the left iliac fossa, initially suspected as a neoplasia of the sigmoid colon. However, analysis of the surgical specimen revealed that the condition was characterized by intestinal obstruction due to an encapsulated phytobezoar. This fact demonstrates the importance of a differential diagnosis, with emphasis on the relevance of considering the presence of bezoars despite their rare occurrence.
Response to Alert on Possible Infections with Mycobacterium chimaera From Contaminated Heater-Cooler Devices in Hospitals Participating in the Canadian Nosocomial Infection Surveillance Program (CNISP)
Authors: Mertz Dominik , Macri Jennifer , Hota Susy , Amaratunga Kanchana , Davis Ian , Johnston Lynn , Lee Bonita , Pelude Linda , Science Michelle , Smith Stephanie , Wong Alice ,   the Canadian Nosocomial Infection Surveillance Program (CNISP)
Published: February 2018

Canadian hospitals were made aware of the risk of Mycobacterium chimaera infection associated with heater-cooler units (HCUs) through alerts issued by the US food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). In response, most hospitals conducted retrospective reviews for infections, informed exposed patients, and initiated a requirement for informed consent with HCU use.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2018;39:482–484
A new species of damsel-dragonfly (Odonata: Stenophlebiidae: Cretastenophlebia) from the Lower Cretaceous of the Jiuquan Basin, northwestern China
Authors: Zheng Daran , Zhang Haichun , Wang Bo , Chang Su-Chin 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACTAbundant insect fossils have been recorded from the Lower Cretaceous of the Jiuquan Basin, but very few odonatans have been recorded. In this paper, a new damsel-dragonfly, Cretastenophlebia jiuquanensis sp. nov., is described from the Lower Cretaceous Zhonggou Formation in the Hanxiagou outcrop, Jiuquan Basin, northwestern China. This is the second species of the genus Cretastenophlebia Fleck et al., 2003. Cretastenophlebia jiuquanensis sp. nov. differs from Cretastenophlebia mongolica Fleck et al., 2003 in the presence of a broad discoidal triangle, a basally straight IR1 and less cells along the posterior wing margin between IR2 and RP2. Cretastenophlebia has been previously reported from the Lower Cretaceous of Bon-Tsagaan, central Mongolia. The new discovery expands the record of Cretastenophlebia to the Jiuquan Basin in Albian.
Discrete energy levels of Caroli-de Gennes-Matricon states in quantum limit in FeTe0.55Se0.45
Authors: Chen Mingyang , Chen Xiaoyu , Yang Huan , Du Zengyi , Zhu Xiyu , Wang Enyu , Wen Hai-Hu 
Published: February 2018

AbstractCaroli-de Gennes-Matricon (CdGM) states were predicted in 1964 as low-energy excitations within vortex cores of type-II superconductors. In the quantum limit, the energy levels of these states were predicted to be discrete with the basic levels at ±μΔ2/EF (μ = 1/2, 3/2, 5/2, …) with Δ the superconducting energy gap and EF the Fermi energy. However, due to the small ratio of Δ/EF in most type-II superconductors, it is very difficult to observe the discrete CdGM states, but rather a symmetric peak which appears at zero bias at the vortex center. Here we report the clear observation of these discrete energy levels of CdGM states in FeTe0.55Se0.45. The rather stable energies of these bound state peaks vs. space clearly validate our conclusion. Analysis based on the energies of these CdGM states indicates that the Fermi energy in the present system is very small.
Linear magnetoresistivity in layered semimetallic CaAl2Si2
Authors: Costa D. G. , Capaz Rodrigo B. , Falconi R. , Strikos S. , ElMassalami M. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractAccording to an earlier Abrikosov model, a positive, nonsaturating, linear magnetoresistivity (LMR) is expected in clean, low-carrier-density metals when measured at very low temperatures and under very high magnetic fields. Recently, a vast class of materials were shown to exhibit extraordinary high LMR but at conditions that deviate sharply from the above-mentioned Abrikosov-type conditions. Such deviations are often considered within either classical Parish-Littlewood scenario of random-conductivity network or within a quantum scenario of small-effective mass or low carriers at tiny pockets neighboring the Fermi surface. This work reports on a manifestation of novel example of a robust, but moderate, LMR up to ∼100 K in the diamagnetic, layered, compensated, semimetallic CaAl2Si2. We carried out extensive and systematic characterization of baric and thermal evolution of LMR together with first-principles electronic structure calculations based on density functional theory. Our analyses revealed strong correlations among the main parameters of LMR and, in addition, a presence of various transition/crossover events based on which a P − T phase diagram was constructed. We discuss whether CaAl2Si2 can be classified as a quantum Abrikosov or classical Parish-Littlewood LMR system.
A Novel Nitrogen Enriched Hydrochar Adsorbents Derived from Salix Biomass for Cr (VI) Adsorption
Authors: Lei Yanqiu , Su Haiquan , Tian Fuli 
Published: February 2018

AbstractHydrochars were prepared from Salix by hydrothermal carbonization, and characterized by FT-IR, 13C NMR, XPS, UV-vis, TG, SEM and BET techniques. The results showed that the hydrochars with molecular sieve-type open pore structure contained numbers of oxygen and nitrogen functional groups, which benefited the adsorption and diffusion of adsorbent Cr (VI). The hydrochar obtained from 26 h reaction (HC-26) was indicated an excellent adsorbent compared to the commercial activated carbon, and its maximum removal efficiency for Cr (VI) reaches up to 99.84% at pH 1. Langmuir´s model is well fitted the experimental equilibrium adsorption data of total Cr. The bath experiment results showed that Cr (VI) could be removed rapidly in the first 300 min. Furthermore, the adsorption kinetics process of HC-26 could be described by pseudo-second-order model. Based on the above results, HC-26 could be acted as a potential efficient adsorbent for removal of Cr (VI) from aqueous solution.
Prediction and characterization of human ageing-related proteins by using machine learning
Authors: Kerepesi Csaba , Daróczy Bálint , Sturm Ádám , Vellai Tibor , Benczúr András 
Published: February 2018

AbstractAgeing has a huge impact on human health and economy, but its molecular basis – regulation and mechanism – is still poorly understood. By today, more than three hundred genes (almost all of them function as protein-coding genes) have been related to human ageing. Although individual ageing-related genes or some small subsets of these genes have been intensively studied, their analysis as a whole has been highly limited. To fill this gap, for each human protein we extracted 21000 protein features from various databases, and using these data as an input to state-of-the-art machine learning methods, we classified human proteins as ageing-related or non-ageing-related. We found a simple classification model based on only 36 protein features, such as the “number of ageing-related interaction partners”, “response to oxidative stress”, “damaged DNA binding”, “rhythmic process” and “extracellular region”. Predicted values of the model quantify the relevance of a given protein in the regulation or mechanisms of the human ageing process. Furthermore, we identified new candidate proteins having strong computational evidence of their important role in ageing. Some of them, like Cytochrome b-245 light chain (CY24A) and Endoribonuclease ZC3H12A (ZC12A) have no previous ageing-associated annotations.
Marker-assisted introgression of three dominant blast resistance genes into an aromatic rice cultivar Mushk Budji
Authors: Khan Gazala Hassan , Shikari Asif Bashir , Vaishnavi Rakesh , Najeeb Sofi , Padder Bilal A. , Bhat Zahoor A. , Parray Ghulam A. , Bhat Mohammad Ashraf , Kumar Ram , Singh Nagendra K. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractModern high yielding rice varieties have replaced most of the traditional cultivars in recent past.Mushk Budji, is one such short grained landrace known for its aroma and exquisite quality, however, is highly susceptible to blast disease that has led to considerable decline in its area.Mushk Budjiwas crossed to a triple-gene donor line, DHMAS 70Q 164-1b and followed through marker-assisted foreground and background selection in first and second backcross generations that helped to incorporate blast resistance genesPi54, Pi1andPita. Marker-assisted background selection was carried out using 78 SSR and STS markers that helped to reduce linkage drag around the genesPi54, Pi1andPitato 2.74, 4.60 and 2.03 Mb, respectively. The three-gene lines in BC2F2:3were genotyped using 50 K SNP chip and revealed more than 92% genome similarity to the RP. 2-D gel assay detected differentially expressing 171 protein spots among a set of backcross derived lines, of which 38 spots showing match score of 4 helped us to calculate the proteome recovery. MALDI-TOF analysis helped to detect four significant proteins that were linked to quality and disease resistance. The improved lines expressed resistance to blast under artificial and natural field conditions.
Online proton therapy monitoring: clinical test of a Silicon-photodetector-based in-beam PET
Authors: Ferrero Veronica , Fiorina Elisa , Morrocchi Matteo , Pennazio Francesco , Baroni Guido , Battistoni Giuseppe , Belcari Nicola , Camarlinghi Niccolo’ , Ciocca Mario , Del Guerra Alberto , Donetti Marco , Giordanengo Simona , Giraudo Giuseppe , Patera Vincenzo , Peroni Cristiana , Rivetti Angelo , Rolo Manuel Dionisio da Rocha , Rossi Sandro , Rosso Valeria , Sportelli Giancarlo , Tampellini Sara , Valvo Francesca , Wheadon Richard , Cerello Piergiorgio , Bisogni Maria Giuseppina 
Published: February 2018

AbstractParticle therapy exploits the energy deposition pattern of hadron beams. The narrow Bragg Peak at the end of range is a major advantage but range uncertainties can cause severe damage and require online verification to maximise the effectiveness in clinics. In-beam Positron Emission Tomography (PET) is a non-invasive, promising in-vivo technique, which consists in the measurement of the β+ activity induced by beam-tissue interactions during treatment, and presents the highest correlation of the measured activity distribution with the deposited dose, since it is not much influenced by biological washout. Here we report the first clinical results obtained with a state-of-the-art in-beam PET scanner, with on-the-fly reconstruction of the activity distribution during irradiation. An automated time-resolved quantitative analysis was tested on a lacrimal gland carcinoma case, monitored during two consecutive treatment sessions. The 3D activity map was reconstructed every 10 s, with an average delay between beam delivery and image availability of about 6 s. The correlation coefficient of 3D activity maps for the two sessions (above 0.9 after 120 s) and the range agreement (within 1 mm) prove the suitability of in-beam PET for online range verification during treatment, a crucial step towards adaptive strategies in particle therapy.
Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) as a predictor for recurrence in patients with stage III melanoma
Authors: Ma Junjie , Kuzman James , Ray Abhijit , Lawson Benjamin O. , Khong Brian , Xuan Si , Hahn Andrew W. , Khong Hung T. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractNeutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio is a strong predictor for overall survival and disease free survival in many cancers. Our study is the first investigation aiming to determine the predictive value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio on prognosis of patients with stage III melanoma. This retrospective study utilized a cohort of 107 patients with stage III melanoma treated at Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, from May 2002 to March 2016. The optimal cutoff of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio was determined by the significance of log-rank tests. A total of 97 log-rank tests were conducted to find the optimal cutoff. Disease free survival was assessed using the Kaplan–Meier method, and univariable and multivariable Cox models were applied to evaluate the predictive value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio. 2.5 was identified as the optimal cutoff. Kaplan–Meier curve showed that the disease free survival rate of the low value group was significantly higher compared to that of high value group. After adjusting for confounders and other prognostic factors, the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio ≥ 2.5 remained a strong predictor for disease recurrence in patients with stage III melanoma.
Cerebral blood flow predicts differential neurotransmitter activity
Authors: Dukart Juergen , Holiga Štefan , Chatham Christopher , Hawkins Peter , Forsyth Anna , McMillan Rebecca , Myers Jim , Lingford-Hughes Anne R , Nutt David J , Merlo-Pich Emilio , Risterucci Celine , Boak Lauren , Umbricht Daniel , Schobel Scott , Liu Thomas , Mehta Mitul A , Zelaya Fernando O , Williams Steve C , Brown Gregory , Paulus Martin , Honey Garry D , Muthukumaraswamy Suresh , Hipp Joerg , Bertolino Alessandro , Sambataro Fabio 
Published: February 2018

AbstractApplication of metabolic magnetic resonance imaging measures such as cerebral blood flow in translational medicine is limited by the unknown link of observed alterations to specific neurophysiological processes. In particular, the sensitivity of cerebral blood flow to activity changes in specific neurotransmitter systems remains unclear. We address this question by probing cerebral blood flow in healthy volunteers using seven established drugs with known dopaminergic, serotonergic, glutamatergic and GABAergic mechanisms of action. We use a novel framework aimed at disentangling the observed effects to contribution from underlying neurotransmitter systems. We find for all evaluated compounds a reliable spatial link of respective cerebral blood flow changes with underlying neurotransmitter receptor densities corresponding to their primary mechanisms of action. The strength of these associations with receptor density is mediated by respective drug affinities. These findings suggest that cerebral blood flow is a sensitive brain-wide in-vivo assay of metabolic demands across a variety of neurotransmitter systems in humans.
Facile fabrication of superhydrophobic surfaces with hierarchical structures
Authors: Lee Eunyoung , Lee Kun-Hong 
Published: February 2018

AbstractHierarchical structures were fabricated on the surfaces of SUS304 plates using a one-step process of direct microwave irradiation under a carbon dioxide atmosphere. The surface nanostructures were composed of chrome-doped hematite single crystals. Superhydrophobic surfaces with a water contact angle up to 169° were obtained by chemical modification of the hierarchical structures. The samples maintained superhydrophobicity under NaCl solution up to 2 weeks.