bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Event Centrality: Factor Structure and Links to Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptom Clusters
Authors: Wamser‐Nanney Rachel 
Published: July 2019

AbstractEvent centrality is defined as the extent to which traumatic events are perceived to be integral to one's life. However, there are discrepancies regarding the factor structure of event centrality, as the factor structure may differ depending on the nature of the trauma. Event centrality has predicted posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD); yet, few studies have taken into account other key cognitive predictors of PTSD, such as posttraumatic cognitions. The PTSD symptom clusters also remain largely unexamined, despite potential specificity in their ties to event centrality. The aims of the current study were to: (a) examine the factor structure of event centrality and whether the structure differs following interpersonal versus noninterpersonal trauma; (b) investigate whether event centrality predicts PTSD symptom clusters beyond posttraumatic cognitions; and (c) determine if the associations between event centrality, posttraumatic cognitions, and PTSD are equivalent between trauma types. The study aims were examined utilizing 263 college students (Mage = 24.54, SD = 6.29; 79.8% female; 58% White). Event centrality was best represented by one factor, which was consistent between groups. Structural equation models indicated that event centrality and posttraumatic cognitions regarding the self predicted each of the PTSD symptom clusters across groups, βs = .27–.58. However, event centrality was more strongly related to avoidance symptoms among individuals who experienced a noninterpersonal trauma. For both the interpersonal and noninterpersonal groups, event centrality had equivalent ties to each cluster. Even after accounting for negative trauma‐related beliefs, event centrality appears to be relevant in understanding posttrauma functioning.
Mechanically Robust Nanofibrous Xerogel Membrane for One‐Pass Removal of Trace Water in Oil
Authors: Yang Xue , Wang Na , He Hongwei , Chen Fuxing , Yang Yuyan , Ning Xin 
Published: July 2019

AbstractRemoval of trace water from oil is essential for a high‐performance fuel supply system. Trace water in fuel is a crucial contributor to frequent system maintenance and failure. In this work, an electrospun polyacrylic acid/polyvinyl alcohol (PAA/PVA) nanofibrous xerogel membrane (NFM) is prepared to remove trace water in oil. Based on the optimization of the weight ratio and the crosslinking conditions of PAA/PVA, the resultant NFM shows remarkable water‐retaining capacity (swelling ratio of 124.8 g/g) and rapid absorption property. The optimal membrane displays a small average pore size of 523.2 nm, high porosity of 79.6% as well as robust tensile strength of 8.1 MPa. Additionally, after just one pass through a single layer membrane (thickness of 35 ± 3 µm and areal density of 3.5 ± 0.5 g m−2), the milky oil containing 1 wt% water is clarified and the water content reduced to 130 ppm. With extensive water being absorbed into the 3D network (different with the conventional separation mechanism) as well as good compatibility with oil, a multilayer pleated scheme may provide a practical methodology for enhancing fuel oil properties and performances.
EIF4G1 is a novel candidate gene associated with severe asthenozoospermia
Authors: Sha Yanwei , Liu Wensheng , Huang Xianjing , Li Yang , Ji Zhiyong , Mei Libin , Lin Shaobin , Kong Shuangbo , Lu Jinhua , Kong Lingyuan , Zhu Xingshen , Lu Zhongxian , Ding Lu 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundAsthenozoospermia (AZS), also known as asthenospermia, is characterized by reduced motility of ejaculated spermatozoa and is detected in more than 40% of infertile patients. Because the proportion of progressive spermatozoa in severe AZS is <1%, severe AZS is an urgent challenge in reproductive medicine. Several genes have been reported to be relevant to severe asthenospermia. However, these gene mutations are found only in sporadic cases and can explain only a small fraction of severe AZS, so additional genetic pathogenies need to be explored.Methods and resultsBy screening the variant genes in a patient with severe AZS using whole exome sequencing, we identified biallelic mutations c.2521C>T: p.(Pro841Ser) (NC_000003.11: g.184043412C>T) in exon13 and c.2957C>G: p.(Ala986Gly) (NC_000003.11: g.184045117C>G) in exon17 in the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4 gamma 1 gene (EIF4G1, RefSeq: NM_004953.4, OMIM: 600495) of the patient. Both of the mutation sites are rare and potentially deleterious. Transmission electron microscopy analysis showed a disrupted axonemal structure with mitochondrial sheath defects. The EIF4G1 protein level was extremely low, and the mitochondrial marker cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4I1 (COXIV, OMIM: 123864) and mitochondrially encoded ATP synthase 6 (ATP6, OMIM: 516060) protein levels were also decreased in the patient's spermatozoa as revealed by WB and IF analysis. This infertility associated with this condition was overcome by intracytoplasmic sperm injections, as his wife became pregnant successfully.ConclusionOur experimental findings indicate that the EIF4G1 gene is a novel candidate gene that may be relevant to severe AZS.
TP53BP1 regulates chromosome alignment and spindle bipolarity in mouse oocytes
Authors: Jin Zhe‐Long , Suk Namgoong , Kim Nam‐Hyung 
Published: July 2019

AbstractMeiotic oocytes lack classic centrosomes; therefore, bipolar spindle assembly depends on the clustering of acentriolar microtubule‐organizing centers (MTOCs) into two poles. The bipolar spindle is an essential cellular component that ensures accurate chromosome segregation during anaphase. If the spindle does not form properly, it can result in aneuploidy or cell death. However, the molecular mechanism by which the bipolar spindle is established is not yet fully understood. Tumor suppressor p53‐binding protein 1 (TP53BP1) is known to mediate the DNA damage response. Several recent studies have indicated that TP53BP1 has noncanonical roles in processes, such as spindle formation; however, the role of TP53BP1 in oocyte meiosis is currently unclear. Our results show that TP53BP1 knockdown affects spindle bipolarity and chromatin alignment by altering MTOC stability during oocyte maturation. TP53BP1 was localized in the cytoplasm and displayed an irregular cloud pattern around the spindle/chromosome region. TP53BP1 was also required for the correct localization of MTOCs into the two spindle poles during pro‐meiosis I. TP53BP1 deletion altered the MTOC‐localized Aurora Kinase A. TP53BP1 knockdown caused the microtubules to detach from the kinetochores and increased the rate of aneuploidy. Taken together, our data show that TP53BP1 plays crucial roles in chromosome stability and spindle bipolarity during meiotic maturation.
Electrochemical Glycosylation as an Enabling Tool for the Stereoselective Synthesis of Cyclic Oligosaccharides
Authors: Manmode Sujit , Tanabe Shichidai , Yamamoto Takashi , Sasaki Norihiko , Nokami Toshiki , Itoh Toshiyuki 
Published: July 2019

AbstractElectrochemical glycosylation of a linear oligosaccharide with a protecting‐group‐free primary hydroxyl group afforded cyclic oligo‐saccharides, up to hexasaccharides, in high yields. Precursors of the cyclic oligosaccharides were prepared by automated electro‐chemical assembly‐a method for the automated electrochemical solution‐phase synthesis of oligosaccharides. We demonstrated that electrochemical glycosylation is useful not only for intermolecular glycosylation but also for intramolecular glycosylation to synthesize cyclic oligosaccharides.
Examining the feasibility, acceptability, and potential utility of mobile distress screening in adult cancer patients
Authors: Chow Philip I. , Drago Fabrizio , Kennedy Erin M. , Chambers Nicole , Sheffield Christina , Cohn Wendy F. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractObjectiveA common method of distress monitoring in cancer patients relies on static and retrospective data collected in‐person at the time of a health care provider appointment. Relatively little work has examined the potential usefulness of mobile distress monitoring using cancer patients' smartphones. The current study deployed longitudinal distress monitoring using secure text messaging.MethodsIn an observational study, a total of 52 cancer patients receiving active cancer treatment (Mage = 58, 62% female) received a text message once a week for 4 weeks. Text messages contained a secure link to complete online the Patient Health Questionnaire‐4 (PHQ‐4), a commonly used distress screener.ResultsCancer patients completed a distress screener 75% of the time they received a text message. On average, it took less than a minute to complete each mobile distress screener. Geolocation data indicated that cancer patients completed distress screeners across a range of locations. Analyses of model fit of distress scores indicated significant heterogeneity in variability of distress scores over time and across cancer patients (AIC = 630.5). Quantitative feedback from cancer patients at the end of the study indicated high ease of use, ease of learning, and satisfaction of completing mobile distress screeners.ConclusionsThese findings support the use of secure text messaging to monitor longitudinal, out of clinic, distress in cancer patients. Findings also highlight the importance of mobile‐based approaches to distress screening in order to maximize opportunities to intervene.
Preparation and Application of Electrochemical Sensor Based on Molecularly Imprinted Polymer Coated Multi‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes for Nitrocellulose Detection
Authors: Meng Xiangjun , Xiao Zhenggang , Scott Stephen K 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIn order to develop a novel method for the identification and detection of nitrocellulose (NC), an electrochemical sensor based on surface molecularly imprinted polymer is prepared in this work. First, a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) nanocomposite on the surface of multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) was synthesized with a surface polymerization method using NC as a template, methacrylic acid as a functional monomer, ethyleneglycol dimethacrylate as a cross‐linker and 2,2′‐azobis (2‐methylpropionitrile) as an initiator. The molecular structure, morphology and thermal performance of prepared MWCNTs‐MIP were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscope, Fourier‐transform Infrared Spectrascopy and Thermogravimetric Analysis. Results show that a stable imprinted layer was constructed on the surface of MWCNTs. Then the electrochemical sensor based on MWCNTs‐MIP was prepared using a glassy carbon electrode and tested by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). The electrochemical test demonstrated that the modified electrode is very responsive towards the NC. The detection of NC in the range of 0 to 7×10−5 mg/ml at the MWCNTs‐MIP/glassy carbon electrode was monitored by DPV with a limit of detection of 3.45×10−10 mg/ml. Furthermore, the MWCNTs‐MIP sensor not only exhibited good specificity, reproducibility and stability, but also demonstrated availability of NC detection in the propellant sample.
Unclogging improvement based on interdate and interreach comparison of water release monitoring (Durance, France)
Authors: Loire Rémi , Piégay Hervé , Malavoi Jean‐René , Beche Leah , Dumoutier Quentin , Mosseri Julie , Kerjean Caroline 
Published: July 2019

AbstractLarge‐scale flow release experiments are becoming common for improving aquatic habitat quality downstream of dams. Because of the naturally high fine sediment load in the Durance River, France due to inputs from torrential tributaries draining badlands, unpredictable high flow events with dam overspill are not always sufficient to prevent clogging, which can lead to habitat degradation (especially spawning habitats) in bypassed reaches. Therefore, large‐scale flow experiments were conducted on four reaches to test the efficacy of clear‐water releases to improve aquatic habitat conditions. Continuous measurements of water depth, suspended sediment concentrations, and turbidity were conducted during twelve releases and compared on nine. Before and after each release, superficial clogging was measured. The study shows that there is a link between the volume of suspended sediments carried by water releases and the initial clogging. The volumes carried were low compared with the river's annual transport. The effect on clogging can vary significantly from one release to another. In particular, the hydrological context surrounding the releases has a significant influence on clogging. Comparisons of monitoring showed that releases are more effective on reaches that are more severely regulated (high hydrological control) than on those that are less well‐controlled. The areas with the highest initial clogging tend to unclog more than those with lower initial clogging; however, the latter zones are most impacted by ineffective releases. Performing a release on environments with low initial clogging can therefore be environmentally damaging. To ensure that releases are successful and that intervention is warranted, initial clogging should be measured in the field and releases should only be performed if the clogging is judged to be unfavourable.
Shedding Light on the Trehalose‐Enabled Mucopermeation of Nanoparticles with Label‐Free Raman Spectroscopy
Authors: Siddhanta Soumik , Bhattacharjee Sourav , Harrison Sabine M. , Scholz Dimitri , Barman Ishan 
Published: July 2019

AbstractNanoparticle‐based drug delivery systems have attracted significant interest owing to their promise as tunable platforms that offer improved intracellular release of cargo therapeutics. However, significant challenges remain in maintaining the physiological stability of the mucosal matrix due to the nanoparticle‐induced reduction in the matrix diffusivity and promotion of mucin aggregation. Such aggregation also adversely impacts the permeability of the nanoparticles, and thus, diminishes the efficacy of nanoparticle‐based formulations. Here, an entirely complementary approach is proposed to the existing nanoparticle functionalization methods to address these challenges by using trehalose, a naturally occurring disaccharide that offers exceptional protein stabilization. Plasmon‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy and far‐red fluorescence emission of the plasmonic silver nanoparticulate clusters are harnessed to create a unique dual‐functional, aggregating, and imaging agent that obviates the need of an additional reporter to investigate mucus–nanoparticle interactions. These spectroscopy‐based density mapping tools uncover the mechanism of mucus–nanoparticle interactions and establish the protective role of trehalose microenvironment in minimizing the nanoparticle aggregation. Thus, in contrast to the prevailing belief, these results demonstrate that nonfunctionalized nanoparticles may rapidly penetrate through mucus barriers, and by leveraging the bioprotectant attributes of trehalose, an in vivo milieu for efficient mucosal drug delivery can be generated.
The Importance of Viscous and Interfacial Forces in the Hydrodynamics of the Top-Submerged-Lance Furnace
Authors: Obiso D. , Kriebitzsch S. , Reuter M. , Meyer B. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The purpose of this work is to focus on the hydrodynamics of a Top-Submerged-Lance (TSL) smelting furnace, understanding how liquid properties and operational parameters act on key factors of a TSL process, such as splashing, mixing, mass transfer area, and bubble development. A deep knowledge of all those aspects is needed since they all influence the smelting reaction rates; hence the efficiency of the reactor. The characterization and scaling of the TSL gas injection are commonly based on the modified Froude number, the ratio of dynamic and gravitational forces. Detailed literature research reveals a potential weakness of this approach, since it does not consider the effects of viscosity and surface tension. To investigate this question an extensive parametric study was performed applying computational fluid dynamics to cold and non-reactive flows, which provided a broad overview of the physics of the flow. The analysis was performed on fluid dynamic properties (liquid density, liquid viscosity, surface tension) and operational variables (gas volume flow, lance immersion depth). The coupled Level Set—Volume of Fluid model, available in the commercial solver ANSYS Fluent®, was used to resolve the gas–liquid interface in the multiphase flow. The results of the work underscore the significance of the viscous and interfacial forces for gas injection in smelting slags, confirming the incompleteness of applying only the Froude number to describe such flows.
On low-Prandtl-number convection in an inclined layer of liquid mercury
Authors: Zier Oliver , Zimmermann Walter , Pesch Werner 
Published: July 2019

This paper reports on a theoretical analysis of convection in an inclined layer of mercury, a common low-Prandtl-number fluid ($Pr=0.025$). The investigation is based on the standard Oberbeck–Boussinesq equations, which are explored as a function of the inclination angle $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FE}$ and for Rayleigh numbers $R$ in the vicinity of the convection onset. Along with the conventional Galerkin methods to study convection rolls and their secondary instabilities, we employ direct numerical simulations for fluid layers with quite large aspect ratios. It turns out that, even for small inclination angles $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FE}\lesssim 6^{\circ }$, the secondary instabilities of the basic rolls lead either to oscillatory three-dimensional patterns or to stationary ones, which appear alternately with increasing $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FE}$. Due to the competition of these instabilities the patterns may show a complex dynamics.
Topology-based characterization of compressibility effects in mixing layers
Authors: Arun S. , Sameen A. , Srinivasan B. , Girimaji S. S. 
Published: July 2019

Direct numerical simulations of high-speed mixing layers are used to characterize the effects of compressibility on the basis of local streamline topology and vortical structure. Temporal simulations of the mixing layers are performed using a finite volume gas-kinetic scheme for convective Mach numbers ranging from $M_{c}=0.2$ to $M_{c}=1.2$. The focus of the study is on the transient development and the main objectives are to (i) investigate and characterize the turbulence suppression mechanism conditioned upon local streamline topology; and (ii) examine changes in the vortex vector field – distribution, magnitude and orientation – as a function of Mach number. We first reaffirm that kinetic energy suppression with increasing Mach number is due to a decrease in pressure–strain redistribution. Then, we examine the suppression mechanism conditioned upon topology and vortex structure. Conditional statistics indicate that (i) at a given Mach number, shear-dominated topologies generally exhibit more effective pressure–strain redistribution than vortical topologies; and (ii) for a given topology, the level of pressure–strain correlation mostly decreases with increasing Mach number. At each topology, with increasing Mach number, there is a corresponding decrease in turbulent shear stress and production leading to reduced kinetic energy. Further, as $M_{c}$ increases, the proportion of vortex-dominated regions in the flow increases, leading to further reduction in the turbulent kinetic energy of the flow. Then, the orientation of vortical structures and direction of fluid rotation are examined using the vortex vector approach of Tian et al. (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 849, 2018, pp. 312–339). At higher $M_{c}$, the vortex vectors tend to be more aligned in the streamwise direction in contrast to low $M_{c}$ wherein larger angles with streamwise direction are preferred. The connection between vortex orientation and kinetic energy production is also investigated. The findings lead to improved insight into turbulence suppression dynamics in high Mach number turbulent flows.
Beyond the Simple Association Between Romantic Attachment Insecurity and Dyadic Coping: An Examination of Romantic Perfectionism as a Mediator
Authors: Lafontaine Marie-France , Péloquin Katherine , Levesque Christine , Azzi Stéphanie , Daigle Marie-Pierre , Brassard Audrey 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
This study examined the mediating role of romantic perfectionism in the associations linking romantic attachment insecurity and self-perceived dyadic coping in a community sample of 170 mixed-sex couples. Path analyses, based on the actor-partner interdependence model, revealed that other-oriented perfectionism in men and women mediated the link between their own attachment-related avoidance and dyadic coping. Other-oriented perfectionism in women mediated the link between their own attachment-related anxiety and dyadic coping. Findings contribute to advancing knowledge about the intrapersonal and interpersonal mechanisms underlying coping processes in couples. Results also inform clinical interventions targeting attachment insecurities and perfectionism in the context of romantic relationships.
WEAK SATURATION AND WEAK AMALGAMATION PROPERTY
Authors: DI LIBERTI IVAN 
Published: July 2019

AbstractWe study the two model-theoretic concepts of weak saturation and weak amalgamation property in the context of accessible categories. We relate these two concepts providing sufficient conditions for existence and uniqueness of weakly saturated objects of an accessible category ${\cal K}$. We discuss the implications of this fact in classical model theory.
Ethnic Conflicts in Hillside Borderlands. A study on headhunting in eighteenth- and nineteenth-century Taiwan
Authors: HUNG LI-WAN 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis article examines ethnic conflicts in hillside borderlands, with special emphasis on the tradition of headhunting. Moreover, this study investigates how the self-autonomous new settlers negotiated with the aboriginal tribes to establish their living space, as well as the social relationships that were formed as a result. The findings of this study reveal, on the one hand, the multiple meanings of the headhunting custom and its evolution following the influx of new settlers and under Qing statecraft, and, on the other hand, shed light on how immigrants established their living space in the face of complex ethnic relationships and conflicts in the hillside borderlands. Although the practice of headhunting did not have its roots in conflicts between mountain inhabitants (shengfan) and plains immigrants (shufan and Han Chinese), changes in the nature and scale of headhunting in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries were the result of the mass influx of new settlers and state intervention. In borderland regions where government authority was not well established, immigrants were left to fend for themselves and were much affected by the local cultural environment. Hence, when analysing the development of immigrant society or local history, due attention should be paid to the social traditions and characteristics of native inhabitants, which often provided the background and underlying reasons for ethnic conflicts.