bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stakeholder perceptions of mangrove ecosystem services across scales of conservation focus
Authors: Drew Joshua , Sakai Sevanaia , Caginitoba Akanisi , Warr Lauren C. , Espinosa Jessica I. , Dunning Kelly H. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractConservation faces a chronic shortage of resources, including time, funding, mental capacity, and human capital. Efforts to make the expenditure of these resources more efficient should, therefore, support more equitable and effective conservation prioritization. To achieve this, it is necessary to ensure the integration of the knowledge and perceptions of local stakeholders into larger scale conservation decisions. We used fuzzy cognitive mental modeling to assess the perceptions of mangroves and the prioritization of ecosystem services across 3 groups of stakeholders: representatives from 3 coastal Fijian villages, the national office of an international nongovernmental organization (NGO), and the US office of that same NGO. We found different topologies and valuations among the resultant mental models, with the US NGO office having the most terms. However, when comparing models from local villages with the US NGO office, scale‐dependent perceptions shifted, including the relative devaluation of locally important cultural valuations of mangroves. Despite these variations in perceptions, however, 3 key components of the mental models—women's livelihoods, men's livelihoods, and fisheries supplementation—all appeared as consistently important in multiple models, suggesting areas around which potential collaboration among stakeholders could be forged. By focusing on system‐wide, rather than stakeholder‐specific, optimal solutions within the system, new opportunities for collaboration may emerge. In doing so, these system‐wide solutions may increase efficiency and collaboration. Moreover, we found that boundary‐spanning organizations, such as the national‐level conservation organizations, played a role in facilitating information transfer and mediating conservation goals in a culturally appropriate fashion. Finally, although the specific example used here is mangrove conservation, our methodologies and findings are broadly applicable across a variety of conservation scenarios.
Can Language Models Trained on Written Monologue Learn to Predict Spoken Dialogue?
Authors: Umair Muhammad , Mertens Julia B. , Warnke Lena , de Ruiter Jan P. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractTransformer‐based Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently increased in popularity, in part due to their impressive performance on a number of language tasks. While LLMs can produce human‐like writing, the extent to which these models can learn to predict spoken language in natural interaction remains unclear. This is a nontrivial question, as spoken and written language differ in syntax, pragmatics, and norms that interlocutors follow. Previous work suggests that while LLMs may develop an understanding of linguistic rules based on statistical regularities, they fail to acquire the knowledge required for language use. This implies that LLMs may not learn the normative structure underlying interactive spoken language, but may instead only model superficial regularities in speech. In this paper, we aim to evaluate LLMs as models of spoken dialogue. Specifically, we investigate whether LLMs can learn that the identity of a speaker in spoken dialogue influences what is likely to be said. To answer this question, we first fine‐tuned two variants of a specific LLM (GPT‐2) on transcripts of natural spoken dialogue in English. Then, we used these models to compute surprisal values for two‐turn sequences with the same first‐turn but different second‐turn speakers and compared the output to human behavioral data. While the predictability of words in all fine‐tuned models was influenced by speaker identity information, the models did not replicate humans' use of this information. Our findings suggest that although LLMs may learn to generate text conforming to normative linguistic structure, they do not (yet) faithfully replicate human behavior in natural conversation.
Dissociable Contributions of Goal‐Relevant Evidence and Goal‐Irrelevant Familiarity to Individual and Developmental Differences in Conflict Recognition
Authors: Weigard Alexander , Suzuki Takakuni , Skalaban Lena J. , Conley May , Cohen Alexandra O. , Garavan Hugh , Heitzeg Mary M. , Casey B. J. , Sripada Chandra , Heathcote Andrew 
Published: November 2024

AbstractRecent studies using the diffusion decision model find that performance across many cognitive control tasks can be largely attributed to a task‐general efficiency of evidence accumulation (EEA) factor that reflects individuals’ ability to selectively gather evidence relevant to task goals. However, estimates of EEA from an n‐back “conflict recognition” paradigm in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive DevelopmentSM (ABCD) Study, a large, diverse sample of youth, appear to contradict these findings. EEA estimates from “lure” trials—which present stimuli that are familiar (i.e., presented previously) but do not meet formal criteria for being a target—show inconsistent relations with EEA estimates from other trials and display atypical v‐shaped bivariate distributions, suggesting many individuals are responding based largely on stimulus familiarity rather than goal‐relevant stimulus features. We present a new formal model of evidence integration in conflict recognition tasks that distinguishes individuals’ EEA for goal‐relevant evidence from their use of goal‐irrelevant familiarity. We then investigate developmental, cognitive, and clinical correlates of these novel parameters. Parameters for EEA and goal‐irrelevant familiarity‐based processing showed strong correlations across levels of n‐back load, suggesting they are task‐general dimensions that influence individuals’ performance regardless of working memory demands. Only EEA showed large, robust developmental differences in the ABCD sample and an independent age‐diverse sample. EEA also exhibited higher test‐retest reliability and uniquely meaningful associations with clinically relevant dimensions. These findings establish a principled modeling framework for characterizing conflict recognition mechanisms and have several broader implications for research on individual and developmental differences in cognitive control.
The plasticisation model of dye diffusion: Part 3
Authors: Burkinshaw Stephen M. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPreviously published kinetic‐derived data reported for the temperature‐dependent diffusional behaviour of two direct dyes and a reactive dye within both cellophane and cotton substrates, in the presence of both a constant amount and varying amounts of added inorganic electrolyte, and over a diverse range of dyeing temperatures, were re‐evaluated using the Williams–Landel–Ferry equation. The experimentally observed diffusivity of the various anionic dyes within both types of cellulosic material and the structural relaxation times of the respective, water‐plasticised, cellulose I and cellulose II macromolecules, were shown to be intrinsically related, thermally regulated phenomena. The plasticisation model of dye diffusion seems to offer a plausible explanation of the temperature‐dependent diffusional behaviour of direct dyes and reactive dyes within cellulosic fibre/polymers in the presence of added inorganic electrolyte.
Designing a regional clinical service for people with early‐onset type 2 diabetes in England
Authors: Goldney Jonathan , Alabraba Victoria , Sarkar Priscilla , Morgan Harriet , Hamza Malak , Skarlatos Michael , Slater Tommy , Sargeant Jack A. , O'Callaghan Rhys , Hadjiconstantinou Michelle , Burdon Julia , Farooqi Azhar , Seidu Samuel , Meek Claire , Davies Melanie J. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAimsTo design a regional clinical service for people with early‐onset type 2 diabetes (EOT2D) in Leicester, Leicestershire and Rutland (England).MethodsA literature search was undertaken to identify important considerations. A working group of key stakeholders was formed to design a triage system and service pathway. Electronic medical records (EMRs) were searched (15th November 2023) to assess feasibility of the pathway and adapt accordingly.ResultsA literature search identified important considerations: High risk of complications; large proportion from minority ethnic and socioeconomically deprived backgrounds; significant psychological burden; stigma and other social challenges; and misclassification and miscoding. Novel clinical risk criteria were developed, implementable in EMRs, to match intervention‐intensity to clinical need. Specialist clinics were planned, one for people at the highest‐clinical risk, another for women with adverse perinatal risk factors. A healthcare professional training package was developed to increase awareness of the unmet clinical needs of people with EOT2D and to upskill in provision of holistic care. Subsequent EMR searches supported the need for our service. Due to the large numbers with HbA1c ≥86mmol/mol (10.0%; n=299; 10.8% of total), these people were prioritised for clinic access. We opted for specialist nurse/educator support to practices with clustering of patients and to financially incentivise referrals from primary care into services.ConclusionsWe showcase a service specifically for people with EOT2D based on the literature, a broad range of stakeholder involvement and utilising a locally‐sourced data‐driven approach. We further discuss areas for development and recommendations based on the challenges we encountered.
Complementary effects of two plant defence traits on behaviour and performance of monarch butterfly caterpillars
Authors: Craig Emma J. , Agrawal Anurag A. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Plants have evolved multiple defensive traits in response to herbivory; in turn, herbivore specialists evolved adaptive behaviours to avoid or tolerate such defences. Here, we employ milkweeds (Asclepias spp.) to test two defences, latex and trichomes, for their independent and interactive effects on behaviour and performance of monarch caterpillars (Danaus plexippus).
Latex exuded upon damage and the density of leaf trichomes positively correlate across milkweed species, suggesting they may have evolved together as synergistic defences. Nonetheless, the complementary roles of these two traits have been little‐studied. We focus on two behaviours: shaving, or the removal of trichomes, and chewing, which encompasses both deactivation of latex and leaf consumption.
In an experiment with seven milkweed species, with and without manipulated latex flow, we found latex to be the primary determinant of reducing chewing, while both defences positively predicted shaving behaviour in the first instar. Next, we conducted a factorial experiment throughout the first three instars, manipulating latex and trichomes on a high‐latex, high‐trichome species, the woolly milkweed Asclepias vestita. On plants with latex and trichomes intact, caterpillars spent the most time shaving and least time chewing of all treatment groups, suggesting a possible synergism. These defence‐driven behavioural effects decreased later in larval development.
Latex and trichomes both impacted monarch performance, additively increasing mortality and reducing growth of survivors. Thus, latex and trichomes represent two important plant defences with effects on specialist herbivore behaviour and implications for insect fitness.
Between Prosperity and Preservation: An Empirical Analysis of the Interaction Between Economic Development and Environmental Awareness
Authors: Duan Keyi , Cao Mingyao , Malim Nurhafiza Abdul Kader , Song Yan 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe present study employs fixed‐effect models to examine the complex and dynamic relationship between economic growth and environmental awareness. The empirical analysis reveals a discernible negative correlation between economic growth and environmental awareness, indicating a potential trade‐off between economic development and environmental sustainability. This finding aligns with the theoretical underpinnings of the environmental Kuznets curve. Moreover, consistent patterns in the impact of economic growth on environmental awareness are identified across different platforms. Additionally, regional heterogeneity is observed in the influence of economic growth on environmental awareness. These findings underscore the necessity for nuanced policymaking tailored to the specific regional contexts and stages of economic development. This study advocates for strategies that strike a balance between fostering economic growth and promoting environmental awareness, thereby contributing to the scholarly discourse on sustainable economic development.
Stigma‐associated attitudes and practices among Romanian clinical providers
Authors: Barbosu Cabiria M. , Avirvarei Cezar , Manciuc Carmen , Dye Timothy 
Published: November 2024

AbstractObjectivesPeople living with HIV/AIDS today expect a typical lifespan, although many continue to encounter psychological and societal challenges, including stigma and discrimination. In healthcare settings, this may manifest as refusal of care or treatment, non‐consensual testing, confidentiality breaches, and unfavourable attitudes, among other issues. We sought to better understand stigma‐related beliefs and practices within the Romanian clinician community.MethodsWe designed an analytical cross‐sectional study to measure potentially stigmatizing clinical practices and to identify training gaps that could help alleviate stigma. We conducted a 17‐question survey that was distributed online to healthcare providers in Moldova, the North‐Eastern Romanian region, via the WhatsApp platform, between 1 August and 30 September 2023.ResultsA total of 139 healthcare providers participated in the survey: 71.9% physicians, 23.7% nurses, and 4.3% other providers (e.g., psychologists, pharmacists) working in the fields of infectious disease (36.0%), primary care (13.7%), internal medicine (22.3%), and other specialties such as obstetrics‐gynaecology or paediatrics (18.0%). Most participants indicated that they were not worried about providing care to someone living with HIV/AIDS, most were hesitant to perform HIV testing because they feared the patient's response, and most indicated that co‐workers were hesitant to work alongside a colleague with HIV. In total, 31.7% of participants reported no stigmatizing attitudes or practices, 18.7% reported one stigmatizing attitude or practice, 32.4% reported two, and 17.3% reported three or more. After controlling for confounders, not having an HIV discrimination policy in place and not having been trained on HIV‐related confidentiality were significantly predictive of holding one or more stigmatizing attitudes or practices.ConclusionsThe policy context—particularly anti‐discrimination workplace policies and provider training on HIV‐related confidentiality—is an important determinant of HIV‐related stigmatizing practices and attitudes in Romania.
Curiosity in Consumer Behavior: A Systematic Literature Review and Research Agenda
Authors: Strzelecki Artur , Jaciow Magdalena , Wolny Robert 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe aim of this study is to conduct a systematic review of the literature on consumer curiosity and its impact on consumer behavior. The “Scientific Procedures and Rationales for Systematic Literature Reviews” (SPAR‐4‐SLR) methodology and the “Theory, Context, Characteristics, and Methodology” (TCCM) framework were employed to analyze 122 papers published between 1992 and 2024. Articles were selected from the Web of Science database using key terms related to consumer curiosity. Consumer curiosity is a complex phenomenon that influences various aspects of consumer behavior, including purchase decisions, consumer engagement, and adaptation to new technologies. Curiosity serves as a significant moderator and mediator in consumer interactions with the market, especially in the context of new technologies such as AI and VR. The findings of this review indicate a growing interest in studying consumer curiosity in recent years, as reflected by the increasing number of publications. The practical implications of the analysis are significant for various stakeholders. Businesses can leverage these findings to develop more effective marketing strategies that engage consumers by stimulating their curiosity. Understanding how curiosity influences decision‐making can also aid in the development of innovative products and services that better meet consumers' unmet needs. Additionally, academic researchers can build on the theoretical frameworks related to consumer curiosity and design future research based on identified gaps. Finally, managers and marketing professionals can apply these insights to personalize shopping experiences and enhance consumer engagement, which can lead to increased brand loyalty and competitive advantage. This review emphasizes the need for further research on the role of curiosity in consumer behavior and its impact on product innovation and marketing strategies and provides recommendations for future research directions that could contribute to a deeper understanding of how curiosity shapes consumer interactions with brands and products.
Understanding the liminal situation of lone‐parent and blended families—A review and agenda for work–family research
Authors: Schaefer Anneke , Gatrell Caroline , Radcliffe Laura 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis review takes a transdisciplinary approach to work–family (WF) research, offering new perspectives on different family forms in the context of employment. It focuses on lone‐parents and blended families, highlighting how management research on the WF interface has been constrained by traditional definitions of ‘family’, assuming intact couple relationships. The review shows that the WF experiences of lone‐parents and blended families differ significantly from those of traditional or nuclear families. Our findings demonstrate that blended and lone‐parent families struggle with conventional WF policies based on traditional family forms. These families face four main challenges: (1) complex residential arrangements and relationships with co‐parents; (2) managing (limited) resources; (3) navigating stigma; and (4) narrow cultural scripts defining family roles. Utilizing cross‐domain identity transition theory, we question the traditional ideas at the core of current WF theory. We demonstrate that non‐traditional families occupy a ‘liminal’ WF space due to their more fluid parental, occupational and household identities compared to traditional families. We urge employers and policy makers to recognize and address the distinct WF challenges faced by lone‐parents and blended families. Employers should develop flexible working policies that accommodate complex residential arrangements and provide resources to support lone and blended family structures. Policy makers should consider revising family leave policies to be more inclusive of diverse family forms. Future research should further explore the diverse experiences of employed parents, including those from LGBTQIA+ communities, using our framework, which encourages researchers to think differently regarding existing WF theories through the consideration of our four themes.
A review and recommendations on the management of psoriatic arthritis in Australia 2024
Authors: Nash Peter , Sumpton Daniel , Tellus Michelle , Feletar Marie , Bird Paul , Hall Stephen 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPsoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a progressive, systemic inflammatory disease. It can lead to serious joint damage and disability, increased cardiovascular risk and reduced quality of life. Six experts met to develop the recommendations for the management of PsA in Australia. The final recommendations are approved by all panel members. Management and treatment recommendations have been made under six subheadings: Recommendations for non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs and glucocorticoids; Disease‐modifying treatment; Screening and monitoring; Family planning; Symptom treatment and extra‐articular manifestations; Comorbidities and lifestyle considerations. Our recommendations for the management of PsA in Australia draw heavily on the established global guidelines. These recommendations aim to assist clinicians to make informed, patient‐centric choices when delivering treatment to people with PsA.
Assessment of Internet and Social Media Addiction Levels in Adolescents Aged 12−18 Years by Nurses: A Multicenter Cross‐Sectional Study
Authors: Avcı Aydın , Ünal Ayşe Sevim 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveThis was a cross‐sectional and descriptive study to determine the social media and Internet addiction levels of adolescents.Design and MethodsThe data were collected between September and December 2023. A sociodemographic data collection form, The Social Media Addiction Scale for Adolescents, and The Internet Addiction Scale for Adolescents were used to collect data. An independent sample t‐test was used to compare the mean differences between the two groups. A one‐way ANOVA test was used to compare mean differences between multiple groups, and Pearson's correlation analysis was used to examine the relationships between quantitative variables and scale scores.ResultsNo significant relationship was found between adolescents' gender and age and addiction levels (p > 0.05). On the other hand, addiction levels differed significantly by school type and district (p < 0.05). Students in selective schools and secondary schools had lower addiction levels, and those in open‐admission high schools had higher addiction levels (p < 0.05). The highest level of addiction was found in Çankaya district and the lowest in Altındağ district. Daily online time and social media time increased addiction (p < 0.05). Safe Internet use and receiving support from nurses affected addiction levels (p < 0.05).ConclusionThe results show that adolescents aged 12−18 years are at significant risk of social media and Internet addiction. Therefore, it is recommended that nurses support these young people, assess their risks, and identify specific tasks.
Hungary's Populist Government and the Contestation of EU Foreign Policy Co‐Operation at the United Nations: Dogs That Bark Do Not Bite?
Authors: Monteleone Carla , Müller Patrick , Coutto Tatiana 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis article provides an analysis of Hungary's role in EU foreign policy co‐operation at the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) in the period from its accession to the EU in 2004 till 2021, which involved the shift from mainstream parties to successive governments led by the populist radical right (PRR) Fidesz party. Shifting attention to norm contestation in EU foreign policy co‐operation, it examines the extent to which Hungary's PRR government has contested or adapted to the EU's culture of co‐operation in its UNGA voting behaviour. Our empirical analysis compares Hungary's voting record at the UNGA under the PRR government that gained power in 2010 to both previous mainstream governments in Hungary and mainstream governments in other EU member states. The article shows that populist contestation dynamics at the level of foreign policy behaviour are more limited than often assumed, whilst also pointing to the robustness of key procedural Common Foreign and Security Policy norms.