bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stability Analysis of Some Novel Cytoplasmic Male Sterile Sources of Sunflower and Their Hybrids
Authors: Tyagi Vikrant , Dhillon S. K. , Kaushik Prashant 
Published: November 2018

AbstractGenetic makeup along with environmental stimuli affect the expression of a trait in plants. Drought tolerance in addition to stability of characters over a wide range of environmental conditions is not well studied in sunflower. Therefore, here we have performed a stability analysis study of sunflower genotypes. The experimental material comprised of 19 lines of sunflower comprising 9 alloplasmic cms lines from different wild sources along with one common maintainer from petiolaris source, 4 cms lines and one maintainer from cultivated source (cytoplasm from H. petiolaris), 4 restorer lines and 60 F1 hybrids (developed in line x tester design). The experiment was conducted over two years i. e. spring season 2011 and spring season 2012 over the two environments one normal irrigated and another water stress environment at Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India. The data were recorded for different morphophysiology, yield and quality trais and analysis as per standard procedures. The genotype×environment interaction was further partitioned into linear and non-linear components according to Eberhart and Russel model. Eleven sunflower hybrids were found to be stable across the environments for seed yield. While, sufficient variability was also recorded for the oil content with the highest oil percentage in the cross combination ARG-2A×P100R (34.61). Overall, this study provides useful information regarding the stability of newly developed and cytoplasmically diverse sunflower hybrids under north Indian conditions.
Temperature detection technology of power equipment based on Fiber Bragg Grating
Authors: Zhang Xin , Tao Zui , Yang Li 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
The temperature detection and alarm system of power equipment is supposed to be used in power accidents caused by overheating. In our experiment, we build a system to detect the temperature of electrical power equipment. According to the actual temperature fitting curve, the whole system uses the Fiber Bragg Gratings as the signal sensing and transmission media, using the tunable Fabry-Perot (FP) cavity filter to demodulate the fiber and a SLED light source which is considered high reliability. System control and signal processing is carried out by the STM32F407ZGT6 microcontroller and its internal single-cycle DSP. The system has the characteristics of strong anti-interference ability, high reliability and precision, simple installation, convenient maintenance, remote signal transmission.
The study of the influence of heart ventricular wall thickness on pseudo-ECG
Authors: Razumov Artem A. , Ushenin Konstantin S. , Butova Ksenia A. , Solovyova Olga E. 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Electrocardiogram is a widespread method of diagnosis of heart diseases. Nevertheless, there are still issues related to connection of some physiological features of themyocardium with patterns observed on the electrocardiogram. In ourworkwe studied the effect of ventricular remodelling, i.e., thickening ofwalls of ventricles typical for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), on the pseudo-electrocardiogram on the surface of a volume conductor during myocardial activation from different sources. A model of two ventricles of the heart was developed for this purpose allowing us to vary ventricular geometry. The volume conductor surrounding the heart was a cubic homogeneous volume conductor. Simulation of a pseudo-electrocardiogram was performed by using a realistic ionic model of cardiomyocytes of the ventricles of the human heart and the bidomain model of the myocardium [15]. The zone of initial activation in the model was given on a part of the subendocardial surface or at one or two points corresponding to positions of electrodes of most common implantable devices. In the course of the study we revealed an inversion of the T-wave when changing the thickness of the left ventricle wall regardless of changes of properties of cardiomyocytes or myocardium conductivity. A linear dependence between the wall thickness of the left ventricle and peak amplitudes and integrals under QRS complex and T wave of the electrocardiogram was shown. We have qualitatively shown that with a change in the wall thickness of the left ventricle the pseudo-electrocardiogram changes stronger in the case of activation from one point than in activation from two points or activation of the entire subendocardium.
Design, Development, and Calibration of Octagonal Ring Type Dynamometer with FEA for Measurement of Drilling Thrust and Torque
Authors: Gaikwad Sharad V. , Mahapatra M. M. , Mulik Rahul S. 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
In this study, the design, development, and calibration of a strain-gauge–based octagonal ring type tool dynamometer was carried out. This dynamometer has the capacity to simultaneously measure thrust and torque during drilling operation. The thin strain ring theory was used for finalizing the dimensions of strain rings. Finite element analysis was carried out to compare theoretical strains with the experimental values and to finalize the location of strain gauges. The thrust force and torque were measured by eight strain gauges, each forming a Wheatstone bridge circuit, converting the deflections of elastic strain rings to proportional electrical signals. A suitable data acquisition system was used for recording the thrust and torque in a computer system. Calibration curves were plotted by applying known thrust and torque repeatedly. It was observed that the designed tool dynamometer is capable of measuring the cutting forces satisfactorily.
Influence of Specimen Geometry on the Response of Post-Installed Anchors Subjected to Constant Load under Crack Opening and Crack Cycles
Authors: Marchisella A. , Muciaccia G. 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
It is generally acknowledged that one of the most critical tests to capture the behavior of a post-installed fastener under seismic action is the so-called “seismic crack movement test,” which consists in applying a constant load to a single fastener installed in a crack subjected to opening and full closing cycles. This article presents experimental results of crack movement tests on large size post-installed anchors that show a strong influence of the geometry of the concrete specimen in which the anchor is installed. To improve the regularity of the crack plane, a feedback control using the crack opening signal is applied to the servo-hydraulic actuators. Results of seismic crack movement tests using two different test setups were compared. The major aspects are as follows: (i) splitting force generated by the anchor affects the restoring of the zero crack opening when increasing the number of cycles, and (ii) increasing the size of concrete element limits the effects of bending induced in the concrete specimen. The issue of residual crack opening at the zero actuator’s load is observed experimentally and is further approached both analytically and numerically. The parameters that mostly affect the crack closure phase, i.e., steel ratio, transfer length, and de-bonding length, are finally discussed.
Fitness and Genomic Consequences of Chronic Exposure to Low Levels of Copper and Nickel inDaphnia pulexMutation Accumulation Lines
Authors: Bull James K , Flynn Jullien M , Chain Frederic J J , Cristescu Melania E 
Published: November 2018

AbstractIn at least some unicellular organisms, mutation rates are temporarily raised upon exposure to environmental stress, potentially contributing to the evolutionary response to stress. Whether this is true for multicellular organisms, however, has received little attention. This study investigated the effects of chronic mild stress, in the form of low-level copper and nickel exposure, on mutational processes in Daphnia pulex using a combination of mutation accumulation, whole genome sequencing and life-history assays. After over 100 generations of mutation accumulation, we found no effects of metal exposure on the rates of single nucleotide mutations and of loss of heterozygosity events, the two mutation classes that occurred in sufficient numbers to allow statistical analysis. Similarly, rates of decline in fitness, as measured by intrinsic rate of population increase and of body size at first reproduction, were negligibly affected by metal exposure. We can reject the possibility that Daphnia were insufficiently stressed to invoke genetic responses as we have previously shown rates of large-scale deletions and duplications are elevated under metal exposure in this experiment. Overall, the mutation accumulation lines did not significantly depart from initial values for phenotypic traits measured, indicating the lineage used was broadly mutationally robust. Taken together, these results indicate that the mutagenic effects of chronic low-level exposure to these metals are restricted to certain mutation classes and that fitness consequences are likely minor and therefore unlikely to be relevant in determining the evolutionary responses of populations exposed to these stressors.
Reconstructing the History of Polygenic Scores Using Coalescent Trees
Authors: Edge Michael D , Coop Graham 
Published: November 2018

AbstractAs both GWAS and procedures for inferring gene genealogies progress, there will be major opportunities for learning about trait evolution using gene genealogies of trait-associated loci. Edge and Coop introduce statistical procedures for estimating....Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have revealed that many traits are highly polygenic, in that their within-population variance is governed, in part, by small-effect variants at many genetic loci. Standard population-genetic methods for inferring evolutionary history are ill-suited for polygenic traits: when there are many variants of small effect, signatures of natural selection are spread across the genome and are subtle at any one locus. In the last several years, various methods have emerged for detecting the action of natural selection on polygenic scores, sums of genotypes weighted by GWAS effect sizes. However, most existing methods do not reveal the timing or strength of selection. Here, we present a set of methods for estimating the historical time course of a population-mean polygenic score using local coalescent trees at GWAS loci. These time courses are estimated by using coalescent theory to relate the branch lengths of trees to allele-frequency change. The resulting time course can be tested for evidence of natural selection. We present theory and simulations supporting our procedures, as well as estimated time courses of polygenic scores for human height. Because of its grounding in coalescent theory, the framework presented here can be extended to a variety of demographic scenarios, and its usefulness will increase as both GWAS and ancestral-recombination-graph inference continue to progress.
Phytogeographical Affinities of Tree Species of Similipal Biosphere Reserve, Odisha, India
Authors: SAHU Sudam Charan , MOHANTA Manas R. , BISWAL Anil K. 
Published: November 2018

The phytogeography of Similipal Biosphere Reserve (SBR), Odisha, India, reveals very interesting information on distribution of tree species. Phytogeographical affinities of tree species of SBR has been analysed by obtaining the information about the species distribution at local and global scale. A total of 240 tree species were recorded and their phytogeographical affinities were compiled with different countries of the globe. An analysis of the affinities revealed that SBR has strong affinity with Sri-Lanka (46.66%) and Myanmar (45.83%) followed by China, Malaysia, Thailand, Australia and Africa. SBR has also affinity with Himalayan vegetation possessing several trees and orchids find distribution in both the areas. The phytogeographical affinity of SBR supports the migration, establishment and naturalization of flora from/to SBR. This hypothesis needs further study for biogeographical mapping of Indian sub-continent.
Graphene Katkılı Sıvılaştırılmış Fındık Kabuğu Polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) Nanoyüzeylerin Elektrospinning Tekniği İle Elde Edilmesi Ve Karakterizasyonu
Authors: YAZICI Mustafa , ÖNAL Ömer , KONUŞ Oğuzhan 
Published: November 2018

Bu
çalışmada, yüksek iletkenlik özelliğine sahip çok hafif ve çok mukavemetli bir
madde olan grafen, sıvılaştırılmış Fındık Kabuğu / Polyvinyl pyrrolidone
(PVP) karışımına katılarak
Elektrospinning tekniği ile nano yüzeyler elde edilmiştir. Önce fındık kabuğu,
fenol (phenol) ve diğer kimyasallarla muamele edilerek sıvılaştırılmış
(Liquefied hazelnut shell, LHS), daha sonra etanol ile çözelti haline getirilen
PVP ile sıvılaştırılmış fındık kabuğu çözeltisi belli oranlarda grafen ile
katkılandırılarak homojen karışım elde
edilmiştir. Elde edilen homojen karışımdan yarı endüstriyel elektrospinning
cihazında nanolifli yüzeyler (nano malzemeler) üretilmiştir. Üretilen nano
yüzeylerin yapısal, morfolojik, termal ve elektriksel özellikleri
incelenmiştir. Grafen oksit, grafen, grafen/fındık kabuğu, grafen pvp,
grafen/fındık kabuğu/PVP örnekleri SEM, EDX, FTIR, Zeta Potansiyeli ve Raman
analizleri ile karakterize edilmiştir.
Política pública, juventude e sustentabilidade
Authors: Fernandez Cristiane Bonfim , Rodrigues Débora Cristina Bandeira , Nunes Maísa Bruna de Almeida , Teles Maria Alcione Pereira 
Published: November 2018

A questão ambiental e a discussão em torno da sustentabilidade têm ocupado espaço importante na agenda dos meios de comunicação, da sociedade civil e do governo, o que requer de diferentes estudiosos uma análise. Nesse sentido, este artigo desenvolve uma reflexão sobre a relação entre juventude, política pública para jovens e sustentabilidade. Trata-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica. Além da literatura sobre o tema, o principal documento consultado foi a Política Nacional da Juventude. Este estudo revelou os avanços das políticas públicas de juventude, particularmente a criação de coletivo jovens de meio ambiente e qualidade de vida. Constatou-se ainda que a discussão da sustentabilidade está presente principalmente quando aponta o eixo qualidade de vida na Política de Juventude e há uma orientação visando a preservação do meio ambiente para as gerações futuras.
Isolasi dan Karakterisasi Bakteri Proteolitik yang Berasosiasi dengan Lamun Enhalus acoroides di Pantai Bama, Taman Nasional Baluran, Situbondo, Jawa Timur <br><i>[Isolation and Characterization Proteolytic Bacteria which is Associated with Sea Grass (Enhalus acoroides) in Bama Beach, Baluran National Park, Situbondo, East Java]<i>.
Authors: Rizaldi Rachmat , Setyantini Woro Hastuti , Sudarno Sudarno 
Published: November 2018

AbstrakLamun adalah tumbuhan sejati yang hidup di perairan pantai yang kurang dimanfaatkan dalam bidang perikanan, selain sebagai bioindikator kualitas air laut. Beberapa mikroorganisme yang berasosiasi dengan lamun Enhalus acoroides antara lain benthos, kapang, bakteri dan plankton. Bakteri proteolitik merupakan bakteri yang mampu menghasilkan enzim protease. Enzim perotese merupakan enzim yang paling banyak digunakan dalam kehidupan. Bakteri merupakan sumber enzim yang paling banyak digunakan dibandingkan dengan tanaman dan hewan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui jenis isolat bakteri proteolitik yang berasosiasi dengan lamun Enhalus acoroides di Taman Nasional Baluran, Situbondo. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survei dengan dianalisis secara deskriptif dengan bantuan tabel dan gambar. Hasil yang peroleh menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 12 isolat bakteri yang berasosisasi dengan lamun Enhalus acoroides. Terdapat empat isolat yang tergolong sebagai bakteri proteolitik karena mampu mendagradasi kasein dalam media TSA + 2% NaCL yang ditambah 1 % susu skim, tampak dari pembentukan zona bening. Pengamatan morfologi koloni dan sel serta pengujian biokimia dari keempat isolat (EA-1, EA-2, EA-9 dan EA-10) terdapat kesamaan karakteristik dengan empat genus bakteri berturut-turut yaitu Staphylococcus sp., Plesiomonas shigeloides, Bacillus sp., Pseudomonas sp.AbstractSeagrass is a true living plants underutilized coastal waters in the field of fisheries, as well as bio-indicators of the quality of sea water. Some microorganisms associated with seagrass Enhalus acoroides among others benthos, fungi, bacteria and plankton. Proteolytic bacteria are bacteria that are capable of producing the enzyme protease. Protease enzyme is an enzyme that is most widely used in life. Bacteria are a source of enzymes that are most widely used compared to plants and animals. The purpose of this study was to determine the type of proteolytic bacterial isolates associated with seagrass Enhalus acoroides in Baluran National Park, Situbondo. This study used survey method with descriptive analysis with tables and figures. The results obtained that there are 12 bacterial isolates associated with seagrass Enhalus acoroides. There are four isolates were classified as proteolytic bacteria because it can degrade casein in TSA media + 2 % NaCL plus 1% skim milk which is evidenced by the formation of clear zones. Observations colony morphology and cells, as well as testing of Biochemistry of the four isolates (EA-1, EA-2, EA-9 and EA-10), were obtained, with similar characteristics to the four genera of bacteria in a row as follows Staphylococcus sp., Plesiomonas shigeloides, Bacillus sp., Pseudomonas sp.
Prevalensi dan Derajat Infestasi Ektoparasit pada Udang Vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei) di Tambak Intensif dan Tradisional di Kabupaten Gresik <br><i>[ Prevalence and Degrees of Infestation Ectoparasite on White Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) in Intensive and Extensive Cultivation System in Gresik]<i>
Authors: Farras Abyan , Mahasri Gunanti , Suprapto Hari 
Published: November 2018

AbstrakUdang putih (Litopenaeus vannamei) adalah komoditas unggulan budidaya yang memiliki harga yang signifikan pada pasar di seluruh dunia. Sepenuhnya permintaan udang, perlu perhatian serius dalam pembenihan vaname, dengan bertujuan untuk mendapatkan panen maksimal dan dapat memenuhi kebutuhan pasar. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menentukan prevalensi dan derajat infestasi, serta mengetahui perbedaan prevalensi dan derajat infestasi ektoparasit pada udang vaname sistem intensif dan tradisional. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode survei, yaitu metode pengamatan sistematis, faktual, dan akurat tentang fakta dan sifat populasi atau pada wilayah tertentu. Prevalensi ektoparasit yang menyerang udang putih di budidaya intensif 57,5% dan budidaya tradisional 56,6% dan dalam kategori sering (sering kali) tingkat infestasi rata - rata yang menginfeksi vaname putih dalam budidaya intensif adalah 76,56 (berat), sedangkan di budidaya tradisional adalah 43,78 (sedang). Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada perbedaan antara prevalensi budidaya intensif dan tradisional (p> 0,05), terdapat perbedaan tingkat infestasi ektoparasit antara prevalensi budidaya intensif dan tradisional Abstract White shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) is a species of cultivation and have important value in the worldwide market.Tofully a demand of shrimp, need for serious treatment in prawn hatchery vaname, with the aim that gets the maximum harvest and can fulfill a need market. The aims of this research to determine the prevalence and degree of infestation, as well as know the difference prevalence and degree of infestation ectoparasite on shrimps vaname which are in intensive and extensive cultivation. The method used in this study using survey methods, that is methods to make observation systematical, factual, and accurate about the fact and the nature of the population or to a definite region. The prevalence of ectoparasite that infests white shrimp in intensive cultivation is 57,5% and in traditional cultivation is 56,6% and in category frequently (often times). The average degree of infestation that infects white vaname in intensive cultivation is 76,56 (heavy), while in the traditional cultivation is 43,78 (medium). The results analysis of the data show that there is no difference between the prevalence of intensive and traditional cultivation (p > 0,05), there was difference infestation degree of ectoparasite between the prevalence of intensive and traditional cultivation.
Kajian Potensi Ekstrak Daun Pepaya (Carica Papaya L) terhadap Immunitas Non Spesifik Udang Vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei) <br><i>[Potential Study of Papaya Leaf Extract (Carica papaya l) against Non-Specific Immunity of Lithopenaeus vannamei]<i>
Authors: Monica Mona , Wardiyanto Wardiyanto , Susanti Oktora 
Published: November 2018

AbstrakDalam berbudidaya udang vaname terdapat kendala yang harus dihadapi, salah satunya adalah serangan penyakit. Upaya pencegahan dan penanggulangan dapat berupa pemberian imunostimulan menggunakan ekstrak daun pepaya yang diaplikasikan dengan cara perendaman. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mempelajari pengaruh ekstrak daun pepaya terhadap imunitas non spesifik udang vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei). Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan juli-agustus dengan menggunakan empat perlakuan yang diterapkan yaitu perlakuan A (0 mg/l ekstrak daun pepaya), B (10 mg/l ekstrak daun pepaya), C (20 mg/l ekstrak daun pepaya), dan D (30 mg/l ekstrak daun pepaya). Parameter yang diuji yaitu total hemocyte count, aktivitas fagositosis, indeks fagositosis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak daun pepaya sebagai imunostimulan dapat meningkatkan respon imun udang vaname. Konsentrasi terbaik yaitu 30 mg/l. AbstractIn the activity of cultivating shrimp, there are some obstacles that must be faced such as diseases attack. One of the efforts that we can do as the prevention and solve the problem in shrimp that us through the giving of immunostimulant using papaya leaf extract which applicated with dipping method. This research aimed to study the effect of papaya leaf extract against the nonspecific immunity of vannamei shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). This research was carried out in July-August which applied with 4 treatments, treatment A (0 mg/l papaya leaf extract), B ( 10 mg/l papaya leaf extract), C (20 mg/l papaya leaf extract), and D (30 mg/l papaya leaf extract). The parameters used in this research were total hemocyte count, phagocytosis activity, and phagocytosis index. The result showed that papaya leaf extract as immunostimulant can improve the immune response of vannamei shrimp. The treatment with 30 mg/l is the best concentration.