bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A paleotoca da Serra do Gandarela e seu potencial como geossítio do Geoparque Quadrilátero Ferrífero, Minas Gerais / The paleoburrow of the Gandarela Mountains and its potential as a geosite of the QF Geopark, MG
Authors: Ruchkys Úrsula Azevedo , Bittencourt Jonathas De Souza , Buchmann Francisco Sekiguchi de Carvalho e 
Published: June 2018

A paleotoca registrada na Serra do Gandarela, Quadrilátero Ferrífero (MG), constitui um importante registro paleontológico da megafauna extinta de mamíferos, semelhante às ocorrências prévias em formações ferríferas no norte de Minas Gerais e em litologias diversas de outras regiões do país. Destaca-se pelas dimensões de 340m de comprimento, o que faz dela a maior paleotoca encontrada até o momento. Este trabalho, realizado sob os auspícios do Ministério Público de Minas Gerais, tem como objetivo avaliar o valor científico, pedagógico e educacional associado a esta ocorrência, visando sua inserção como geossítio do Geoparque Quadrilátero Ferrífero. Esta análise preliminar sugere que a paleotoca da Serra do Gandarela é um exemplo de patrimônio paleontológico com valores que legitimam plenamente sua proposição como sítio paleontológico/geológico do Geoparque Quadrilátero Ferrífero.Palavras-Chave: Paleotoca, megafauna extinta, Serra do Gandarela, Geoparque Quadrilátero Ferrífero. ABSTRACTThe paleoburrow in the Gandarela Mountains, Quadrilátero Ferrífero (MG) is an important record of the extinct megafauna of mammals. This is similar to previous occurrences in iron formations in northern Minas Gerais and in several rocks in other regions of Brazil, but stands out for the dimensions of length 340m, making it the largest paleoburrow found so far. This work has been carried out under the sponsorship of the Minas Gerais Public Prosecutor's Office. The scientific and educational significance of this fossil occurrence is assessed, aiming at its inclusion as a geosite of the Quadrilátero Ferrífero Geopark. This preliminary analysis suggests that this paleoburrow is a valuable example of paleontological heritage, what fully legitimates its proposition as a paleontological/geological site of Quadrilátero Ferrífero Geopark.Keywords: Paleoburrow, extinct megafauna, Gandarela Mountains, Quadrilátero Ferrífero Geopark.
Turismo, produção do espaço e urbanização:evolução do uso e ocupação do solo de Lavras Novas, Ouro Preto-MG / Tourism, production of space and urbanization: evolution of the land use of Lavras Novas,Ouro Preto-MG
Authors: Varajão Guilherme Fortes Drummond Chicarino , Diniz Alexandre Magno Alves 
Published: June 2018

Este trabalho visou retratar a evolução do uso e ocupação do solo, a partir da década de 1960, da região de Lavras Novas, distrito de Ouro Preto-MG, estabelecendo, quando possível, as relações de causalidade entre as transformações identificadas com as atividades antrópicas de cada época. Até a década de 1980, as principais modificações identificadas se situaram no entorno da área urbana, relacionadas eminentemente às atividades de uma siderúrgica multinacional e ao extrativismo vegetal. A partir de 1990, as mais evidentes transformações se deram no núcleo urbano, como o abrupto aumento da área edificada, fundamentalmente associadas ao crescimento do turismo e devido ao dinamismo do colar perimetropolitano de Belo Horizonte. Neste sentido, foi feito uma sucinta revisão bibliográfica sobre urbanização e turismo, de modo que este artigo contribui para o esclarecimento de uma das múltiplas faces deste fenômeno que tem assumido uma crescente importância nos últimos tempos. Palavras-chave: Turismo; Urbanização; Uso e Ocupação do Solo; Lavras Novas. AbstractThis study aimed to portray the evolution of the land use from 1960 onwards in the region of Lavras Novas, district of Ouro Preto-MG, establishing whenever possible the causal relationship between these land transformations and the human activities of each period. Until the 1980s, the major changes identified were located in the areas surrounding the urban center and were predominantly related to the activities of a multinational metal mill and to the extraction of plants. Since 1990, the most obvious changes occurred in the urban core, like the sharp increase of the built-up area, primarily associated with the tourism growth and the dynamism of the perimetropolitan space of Belo Horizonte. Based on this, a brief review of the literature concerning urbanization and tourism was made, so that this paper contributes to the clarification of one of the multiple facets of this phenomenon that has assumed an increasing importance in recent times. Keywords: Tourism; Urbanization; Land Use; Lavras Novas.
Aprender a dibujar los contornos del país: Vínculos entre la enseñanza del dibujo escolar y los conocimientos geográficos en el Buenos Aires finisecular (1880-1900) /Learning to Draw the Contours of the Country (...)
Authors: Dosio Patricia Andrea 
Published: June 2018

En este artículo se indagará la contribución de la materia Dibujo a la transmisión de saberes sobre el espacio en la escuela elemental finisecular argentina a partir de la enseñanza del dibujo geográfico, tópico que, en los inicios del sistema de instrucción pública, fue parte de los contenidos de esta asignatura. Palabras clave: Dibujo - enseñanza - geografía - escuela primaria - Argentina AbstractThis article discusses the contribution of Drawing to the transmission of knowledge about space in argentine elementary education through the geographic drawing, topic that, at the beginning of the public school system, was part of the school subject Drawing.Keywords: Drawing - education - Geographic - elementary school – Argentina
Hassasiyet Giderici Diş Macunlarının Farklı Restoratif Materyallerin Kron ve Kök Dentinine Bağlanma Kuvveti Üzerine Etkisi
Authors: YAMANEL Kıvanç , ARHUN Neslihan 
Published: June 2018

Amaç: Bu
çalışmanın amacı, iki farklı hassasiyet giderici diş macununun kompozit rezin
ve cam iyonomer restoratif materyallerin kron ve kök dentinine makaslama
bağlanma dayanımları üzerindeki etkilerini değerlendirmektir.Gereç ve Yöntem: 108
adet insan üçüncü molar dişinin meziyal veya distal yüzeyleri zımpara yardımıyla
düzleştirildi. Örnekler aşağıdaki diş macunlarıyla fırçalanmak üzere rastgele 3
ana gruba ayrıldı (N=36): A Grubu: Sensodyne Rapid Relief; B Grubu: Colgate
Sensitive Pro-Relief; C Grubu: Colgate Total 12. Fırçalama
işlemi, bir fırçalama simülatöründe toplam 10 gün süreyle, günde 2 kez ve her
fırçalamada 10 fırça darbesi şeklinde gerçekleştirildi. Örnekler daha sonra
kron ve kök dentinine aşağıdaki adezyon protokollerinin uygulanması için üçer
alt gruba (n=12) ayrıldı. Grup 1: Clearfil SE Bond + Filtek
Z250 kompozit; Group2: Adper Single Bond2 + Filtek
Z250 kompozit; Group3: Riva cam iyonomer siman. Örnekler 24 saat süreyle
distile suda bekletildi. Makaslama bağlanma dayanımı testi üniversal test
cihazıyla gerçekleştirildi(kafa hızı 0.5 mm/s). Elde edilen veriler
istatistiksel olarak değerlendirildi.Bulgular: Bütün restoratif teknikler
değerlendirildiğinde en düşük makaslama bağlanma dayanımı değerleri, Sensodyne
Rapid Relief kullanımından sonra elde edilmiştir. Riva cam iyonomer siman,
kompozit rezinden istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede düşük makaslama
bağlanma dayanımı değerleri sergilemiştir.Sonuç:Hassasiyet
giderici diş macunu kullanımı sonrası self etch sistemlerin kullanılması
adezyon açısından daha uygun olabilir.
Didaktik i integrativa lärarprofessionsämnen
Authors: Sjöström Jesper 
Published: June 2018

Artikeln diskuterar vad ämnesdidaktik (på danska: fagdidaktik) är och kan vara och presenterar ett ramverk för didaktik i integrativa lärarprofessionsämnen. I de senare undervisas ämneskunskaper integrerat med kunskaper för lärarprofessionen, främst didaktik. Ramverket, som utvecklats med inspiration från Klafkis didaktiska analys, består av tio analysområden för att utveckla ämnesdidaktiken inom olika lärarprofessionsämnen. Analysområdena kan även användas som vägvisare för den ämnesdidaktiska forskningen, som är olika utvecklad inom olika ämnesområden. Aktiv didaktisk forskning är nödvändig för att åstadkomma forskningsbaserade lärarutbildningar. I slutet av artikeln presenteras några sammanfattande tankar kring professionsdidaktik för blivande lärare och vilka implikationer det får för lärarutbildarnas kompetensutvecklingsbehov. Abstract.The article discusses what subject-matter Didaktik is and could be and presents a framework for Didaktik in integrative teacher education subjects. In these, subject knowledge is taught together with knowledge for teacher professions, mainly Didaktik. The framework was developed with inspiration from Klafki’s Didaktik analysis. It consists of ten analytical areas for developing subject-matter Didaktik in different teacher education subjects. The analytical areas can also be used as guides for research in subject-matter Didaktik, which is developed to different degrees in different subject areas. Active research in Didaktik is necessary to achieve research-based teacher education. The article concludes by providing some ideas concerning the knowledge base of the teacher profession, including its consequences for teacher educators’ professional development.  Keywords (English): teacher education, integrative Didaktik, knowledge base for teacher professions, general subject-matter Didaktik, pedagogical praxis, didactical research
Evolutionary-rooted models for denial of pregnancy, concealment of pregnancy and pseudocyesis
Authors: Sandoz Patrick , Wessel Jens 
Published: June 2018

Women in denial of pregnancy remain unaware of their gravid state. Typically women in labor present to emergency units while attributing their pain to unrelated causes. In higher risk cases, women experience unassisted delivery in a non-hospital setting. In concealment of pregnancy, the woman knows about her pregnancy but keeps it secret for diverse reasons. This induces also a lack of prenatal care and increased perinatal risks for mother and child. Such cases are very challenging to clinicians because of increased medical risk and psychological needs. Better understanding of these psychosomatic disorders is necessary to address the public-health issues raised.
In regard to denial and concealment of pregnancy, in which a pregnant woman thinks or says she is not pregnant, pseudocyesis corresponds to the opposite configuration in which a non-pregnant woman believes, claims and presents objective signs to be pregnant. Pseudocyesis takes therefore place in the same psychosomatic issue to be addressed. This paper aims to explain satisfactorily these psychosomatic disorders of gravida status.
We consider human reproduction in regard to evolution with emphasis on the various forms of parenting existing among sexually reproducing species. This evolutionary study highlights that for some pregnant women, the forthcoming maternal status may be internally appraised as psychologically-unacceptable because of diverse personalized causes. The ongoing pregnancy enters then into conflict with the intense fears triggered by the promise of motherhood. From this perspective, denial and concealment of pregnancy are satisfactorily explained as transitory means to cope with such an internal conflict by pursuing pregnancy while containing associated fears. In the absence of conflict resolution, the avoidance means is protracted over time, sometimes until an unexpected delivery.
Conversely, pseudocyesis is explained as an attempt to obtain a psychologically-indispensable maternal status in the absence of actual pregnancy. Specific conflict formulations are elucidated for each type of psychosomatic disorder of gravida status considered. These formulations, related to subjective internal appraisals, comply with the huge diversity of causative events reported in literature and specific to each woman concerned.
These explanations will help clinicians in caring those high-demanding patients and in exploring individualized causative events of such challenging experiences.
El sistema comercial internacional: Reflexiones a partir del Congreso de Viena
Authors: Tijmes Ihl Jaime Andrés 
Published: June 2018

Esta reflexión plantea un diálogo entre el Congreso de Viena y el escenario que enfrenta actualmente el sistema comercial internacional. El Congreso se nutrió de una visión común sobre la situación y los desafíos de esa época. Esos valores compartidos fueron uno de los factores que reforzaron los resultados positivos del Congreso. Por su parte, el sistema comercial actual está enfrentando una situación en la que los valores compartidos respecto del libre comercio parecen estarse debilitando, lo que plantea la pregunta por las consecuencias que eso tendrá.
Dosing optimization of CCR4 immunotoxin for improved depletion of CCR4+ Treg in nonhuman primates
Authors: Wang Zhaohui , Louras Nathan J. , Lellouch Alexandre G. , Pratts Shannon G. , Zhang Huiping , Wang Haoyu , Huang Christene A. , Cetrulo Curtis L. , Madsen Joren C. , Sachs David H. , Wang Zhirui 
Published: June 2018

Recently, we have developed a diphtheria toxin‐based recombinant anti‐human CCR4 immunotoxin for targeting CCR4+ tumors and Tregs. In this study, we further optimized the dosing schedule for improved CCR4+ Treg depletion. We have demonstrated that up to a 90% depletion was achieved and the depletion extended to approximately 2 weeks in the peripheral blood and more than 48 days in the lymph node at 25 μg·kg−1, BID for 8 consecutive days in cynomolgus monkeys. Expansion was observed including monocytes and NK cells. Antibody against the CCR4 immunotoxin was detected after approximately 2 weeks, affecting further depletion efficacy for multiple course treatment.
Acidic mammalian chitinase gene is highly expressed in the special oxyntic glands of Manis javanica
Authors: Ma Jing‐E , Li Lin‐Miao , Jiang Hai‐Ying , Zhang Xiu‐Juan , Li Juan , Li Guan‐Yu , Chen Jin‐Ping 
Published: June 2018

The Malayan pangolin (Manis javanica) is a mammal that feeds primarily on ants and termites, which contain the energy‐rich carbohydrate chitin. Chitin is digestible by endogenous enzymes of the typical mammalian gastrointestinal tract, especially the acidic mammalian chitinase (AMCase). The objective of this research was to determine whether AMCase activity is expressed in the stomach of M. javanica. The stomach tissues were divided into three parts: the gastric sack, the oxyntic glands, and the pyloric musculature, which were assayed by conventional RT‐PCR, quantitative reverse transcriptase‐coupled PCR (qPCR) and western blot. Information regarding 3D structural models of AMCase was also obtained. In conclusion, acidic mammalian chitinase is highly expressed in the oxyntic glands of the M. javanica species.
Real‐time high spatial resolution dose verification in stereotactic motion adaptive arc radiotherapy
Authors: Duncan Mitchell , Newall Matthew K. , Caillet Vincent , Booth Jeremy T. , Keall Paul J. , Lerch Michael , Perevertaylo Vladimir , Rosenfeld Anatoly B. , Petasecca Marco 
Published: June 2018

AbstractPurposeRadiation treatments delivered with real‐time multileaf collimator (MLC) tracking currently lack fast pretreatment or real‐time quality assurance. The purpose of this study is to test a 2D silicon detector, MagicPlate‐512 (MP512), in a complex clinical environment involving real‐time reconfiguration of the MLC leaves during target tracking.MethodsMP512 was placed in the center of a solid water phantom and mounted on a motion platform used to simulate three different patient motions. Electromagnetic target tracking was implemented using the Calypso system (Varian Medical Systems, Palo Alto, CA, USA) and an MLC tracking software. A two‐arc VMAT plan was delivered and 2D dose distributions were reconstructed by MP512, EBT3 film, and the Eclipse treatment planning system (TPS). Dose maps were compared using gamma analysis with 2%/2 mm and 3%/3 mm acceptance criteria. Dose profiles were generated in sup‐inf and lateral directions to show the agreement of MP512 to EBT3 and to highlight the efficacy of the MLC tracking system in mitigating the effect of the simulated patient motion.ResultsUsing a 3%/3 mm acceptance criterion for 2D gamma analysis, MP512 to EBT3 film agreement was 99% and MP512 to TPS agreement was 100%. For a 2%/2 mm criterion, the agreement was 95% and 98%, respectively. Full width at half maximum and 80%/20% penumbral width of the MP512 and EBT3 dose profiles agreed within 1 mm and 0.5 mm, respectively. Patient motion increased the measured dose profile penumbral width by nearly 2 mm (with respect to the no‐motion case); however, the MLC tracking strategy was able to mitigate 80% of this effect.ConclusionsMP512 is capable of high spatial resolution 2D dose reconstruction during adaptive MLC tracking, including arc deliveries. It shows potential as an effective tool for 2D small field dosimetry and pretreatment quality assurance for MLC tracking modalities. These results provide confidence that detector‐based pretreatment dosimetry is clinically feasible despite fast real‐time MLC reconfigurations.
Micrometer‐Scale Porous Buckling Shell Actuators Based on Liquid Crystal Networks
Authors: Jampani Venkata Subba Rao , Mulder Dirk J. , De Sousa Kevin Reguengo , Gélébart Anne‐Hélène , Lagerwall Jan P. F. , Schenning Albertus P. H. J. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractMicrometer‐scale liquid crystal network (LCN) actuators have potential for application areas like biomedical systems, soft robotics, and microfluidics. To fully harness their power, a diversification in production methods is called for, targeting unconventional shapes and complex actuation modes. Crucial for controlling LCN actuation is the combination of macroscopic shape and molecular‐scale alignment in the ground state, the latter becoming particularly challenging when the desired shape is more complex than a flat sheet. Here, one‐step processing of an LCN precursor material in a glass capillary microfluidic set‐up to mold it into thin shells is used, which are stretched by osmosis to reach a diameter of a few hundred micrometers and thickness on the order of a micrometer, before they are UV crosslinked into an LCN. The shells exhibit radial alignment of the director field and the surface is porous, with pore size that is tunable via the osmosis time. The LCN shells actuate reversibly upon heating and cooling. The decrease in order parameter upon heating induces a reduction in thickness and expansion of surface area of the shells that triggers continuous buckling in multiple locations. Such buckling porous shells are interesting as soft cargo carriers with capacity for autonomous cargo release.
Fully Elastic and Metal‐Free Tactile Sensors for Detecting both Normal and Tangential Forces Based on Triboelectric Nanogenerators
Authors: Ren Zewei , Nie Jinhui , Shao Jiajia , Lai Qingsong , Wang Longfei , Chen Jian , Chen Xiangyu , Wang Zhong Lin 
Published: June 2018

AbstractA tactile sensor should be able to detect both normal and tangential forces, which is mandatory for simulating human hands, but this fundamental function has been overlooked by most of the previous studies. Here, based on a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) with single‐electrode mode, the fully elastic and metal‐free tactile sensor that can detect both normal and tangential forces is proposed. With tiny burr arrays on the contact interface to facilitate the elastic deformation, the detected normal pressure by the device can reach to 1.5 MPa with a sensitivity of about 51.43 kPa V−1, and a large range of tangential forces can be detected ranging from 0.5 to 40 N with rough sensitivity of 0.83 N V−1 (0.5–3 N) and 2.50 N V−1 (3–40 N). Meanwhile, the applied tangential forces from different directions can also be clearly distinguished by the four‐partitioned electrode structure. Moreover, a shield film is coated on the top surface of the device, which can screen the electrostatic interference and enhance the repeatability of the device. The demonstrated concept of this self‐powered tactile sensor has excellent applicability for industrial robotics, human–machine interactions, artificial intelligence, etc.
Realization of Molecular‐Based Transistors
Authors: Richter Shachar , Mentovich Elad , Elnathan Roey 
Published: June 2018

AbstractMolecular‐based devices are widely considered as significant candidates to play a role in the next generation of “post‐complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor” devices. In this context, molecular‐based transistors: molecular junctions that can be electrically gated—are of particular interest as they allow new modes of operation. The properties of molecular transistors composed of a single‐ or multimolecule assemblies, focusing on their practicality as real‐world devices, concerning industry demands and its roadmap are compared. Also, the capability of the gate electrode to modulate the molecular transistor characteristics efficiently is addressed, showing that electrical gating can be easily facilitated in single molecular transistors and that gating of transistor composed of molecular assemblies is possible if the device is formed vertically. It is concluded that while the single‐molecular transistor exhibits better performance on the lab‐scale, its realization faces signifacant challenges when compared to those faced by transistors composed of a multimolecule assembly.
Site‐Specific Labeling of Affimers for DNA‐PAINT Microscopy
Authors: Schlichthaerle Thomas , Eklund Alexandra S. , Schueder Florian , Strauss Maximilian T. , Tiede Christian , Curd Alistair , Ries Jonas , Peckham Michelle , Tomlinson Darren C. , Jungmann Ralf 
Published: June 2018

AbstractOptical super‐resolution techniques allow fluorescence imaging below the classical diffraction limit of light. From a technology standpoint, recent methods are approaching molecular‐scale spatial resolution. However, this remarkable achievement is not easily translated to imaging of cellular components, since current labeling approaches are limited by either large label sizes (antibodies) or the sparse availability of small and efficient binders (nanobodies, aptamers, genetically‐encoded tags). In this work, we combined recently developed Affimer reagents with site‐specific DNA modification for high‐efficiency labeling and imaging using DNA‐PAINT. We assayed our approach using an actin Affimer. The small DNA‐conjugated affinity binders could provide a solution for efficient multitarget super‐resolution imaging in the future.
Synthesis of a Cocoa Butter Equivalent by Enzymatic Interesterification of Illipe Butter and Palm Midfraction
Authors: Bahari Adiguna , Akoh Casimir C. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThis study aims to synthesize a cocoa butter equivalent (CBE)‐structured lipid from a blend of illipe butter (IB) and palm midfraction (PMF) by means of enzymatic interesterification using Rhizomucor miehei sn‐1,3 specific lipase, Lipozyme® RM IM (Novozymes North America, Inc., Franklinton, NC, USA) as the biocatalyst. Physical and chemical attributes of the CBE and cocoa butter (CB) were analyzed. The synthesized CBE matched the triacylglycerol (TAG) profile range of a commercial CB and is therefore hypothesized to show similar physical and chemical characteristics to CB. The TAG profile, fatty‐acid constituents, melting and cooling behavior, polymorphism, and crystal morphology were determined using high‐performance liquid chromatography, gas chromatography, differential scanning calorimetry, X‐ray diffraction (XRD), and polarized light microscopy, respectively. Four enzymatically interesterified blends of IB:PMF at different weight ratios were analyzed for their TAG profiles, and a ratio of IB:PMF 10:3 (%, w/w) at 5% enzyme load and a reaction time of 30 min gave similar TAG results to CB. The TAG values of the IB:PMF 10:3 interesterified product (IP) were 1,3‐dipalmitoyl‐2‐oleoylglycerol at 19.1 ± 1.0%, 1‐palmitoyl‐2‐oleoyl‐3‐stearoylglycerol at 42.7 ± 1.0%, and 1,3‐distearoyl‐2‐oleoylglycerol at 29.9 ± 0.3%. The melting and the cooling profile of IP and CB showed no significant difference. XRD of IP and CB displayed similar dominant peaks at 4.6 Å, representing a β polymorph. Both CB and IP have similar granular spherulitic crystals.