bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Taking archives to the people
Authors: Mukwevho Jonathan , Ngoepe Mpho 
Published: October 2018

Purpose
Despite the availability of the mandate of public archives repositories to “take archives to the people in South Africa”, archives in South Africa remain largely the domain of the elite. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the adoption of social media in South Africa as a tool for taking archives to the people especially young people between the age of 13 and 34. The researchers confined the study to all ten public archives repositories in South Africa.

Design/methodology/approach
This quantitative study collected data using survey questionnaires and web-based content analysis of social media presence of public archives repositories.

Findings
The study revealed that few public archives repositories are using Facebook, followed by Twitter and LinkedIn to engage users. The public archives repositories rely mostly on social media platforms operated by their mother bodies as they are subsidiary units within arts and culture departments in government. As a result, public archives repositories are restricted to operate their own accounts on social media. It is argued that public archives should be allowed by their mother departments to operate their own accounts on social media platforms. Failure to change this restriction could lead to public archival institutions continuing to take archives away from the people, instead of taking archives to the people.

Research limitations/implications
The study sought to provide useful practical implications for public archives repositories as it would serve as a benchmarking tool to enable the development and reporting on the visibility and accessibility of archival material, and thus ensure an increased public knowledge of archives.

Originality/value
The study triangulated data collection instruments that helped to collect as much and as diverse data as possible, which generated the best possible insights into the phenomenon of interest. Previous similar studies in South Africa utilised only survey method with either interviews or questionnaires as data collection tools.
Generation or adoption? The role of social capital
Authors: Dost Mir , Badir Yuosre F. 
Published: October 2018

PurposeInnovation is critical for the firms to gain competitive advantage and improve performance. Such innovation stems from process innovation generation (PIG) and/or process innovation adoption (PIA). PIG vs PIA motivates firms for cutting development cost, reducing development time, improving product quality, saving energy, preventing or mitigating pollution and recycling waste. Various factors have been identified as the determinants of PIG and PIA. One of them is social capital. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is twofold: first, to analyze the effects of social capital on PIG and/or PIA, and second, to analyze whether the moderation of human capital strengthens/weakens this relationship.Design/methodology/approachA sample of 318 Pakistani chemical companies was collected for examining the hypotheses. Using hierarchical multiple regression, it relates to the effects of social capital and PIG and PIA; and moderation of human capital. The paper also discusses the theoretical and managerial implications.FindingsThe results confirm the hypotheses. The paper finds that social capital ambidextrously impacts on both PIG and PIA. However, this relationship strengthens when there is an interaction of human capital.Practical implicationsSocial capital appears to be a powerful driver for generation and adoption of process innovation. Such innovation is a collaborative effort, with social capital assuming a central role. It follows that management would be well served by encouraging communication, flexible dissemination of information integration and sharing of knowledge.Originality/valueThe main value of this paper is in its analysis and testing of the relation of social capital and PIG and PIA. The majority of the literature underlines the paper’s seeking after social capital for product innovation. However, this topic has not been studied in depth and requires more attention, as processes are different and have different antecedents and outcomes.
Primary care worksite weight management program
Authors: Kong Jian Pei , Bau Rawa Ak , Jok Linda , Ayub Azlee Bin 
Published: October 2018

PurposeRecent public health initiatives have promoted accumulating 10,000 steps per day. Little previous research has evaluated the using pedometer in sustaining the physical activity level during worksite intervention. Hence, this study aims to the step changes of pedometer in a multicomponent worksite intervention.Design/methodology/approachThis trial enrolled 43 participants recruited from brochures at outpatient clinic. Throughout the 12-week multidisciplinary lifestyle program, participant required to wear a pedometer and reported daily step count at baseline, 1st, 3rd, 5th, 7th, 9th and 12th week. The primary outcome measure was the step goal over the 12th week of intervention.FindingsAll subjects regardless men and women prior enter into the intervention recorded less than 5,000 of average steps count per day which is sedentary. At the 12th week of intervention, there were only 9.3 per cent subjects are sedentary. Majority of subjects (55.8 per cent) had achieved at least somewhat active, followed by low active (23.3 per cent). There were only 11.6 per cent subjects are classified as highly active at the end of the intervention. The result indicated the changes of average steps per day from baseline to 2nd (p< 0.01), 4th (p< 0.01), 6th (p< 0.01), 8th (p< 0.01), 10th (p< 0.01) and 12th (p< 0.01) week were significant. Likewise, the changes of average steps per day from previous time were significant at 4th (p< 0.01) week and 10th (p< 0.001) week.Research limitations/implicationsThis study did not associate the improvement health parameter and step counter as the core stone of this study intervention were extensive individual dietary regime and reinforcement of ZUMBA participation among participants through motivational interviewing counseling. Third, there was no control group in this study, where no pedometer and goal setting were provided to the control group in the previous reported effectiveness study (Jian Pei et al., 2017).Originality/valueThe step goal during a multicomponent worksite intervention in primary health-care setting has not been clearly defined. Besides, there are no clear data of generally daily step among primary health-care employees.
Visualization of the shielding gas flow in SLM machines by space-resolved thermal anemometry
Authors: Schniedenharn Maximilian , Wiedemann Frederik , Schleifenbaum Johannes Henrich 
Published: October 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to introduce an approach in measuring the shielding gas flow within laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) machines under near-process conditions (regarding oxygen content and shielding gas flow).

Design/methodology/approach
The measurements are made sequentially using a hot-wire anemometer. After a short introduction into the measurement technique, the system which places the measurement probe within the machine is described. Finally, the measured shielding gas flow of a commercial L-PBF machine is presented.

Findings
An approach to measure the shielding gas flow within SLM machines has been developed and successfully tested. The use of a thermal anemometer along with an automated probe-placement system enables the space-resolved measurement of the flow speed and its turbulence.

Research limitations/implications
The used single-normal (SN) hot-wire anemometer does not provide the flow vectors’ orientation. Using a probe with two or three hot-films and an improved placement system will provide more information about the flow and less disturbance to it.

Originality/value
A measurement system which allows the measurement of the shielding gas flow within commercial L-PBF machines is presented. This enables the correlation of the shielding gas flow with the resulting parts’ quality.
Assessment of traditional food supply chain performance using triadic approach: the role of relationships quality
Authors: Mesic Željka , Molnár Adrienn , Cerjak Marija 
Published: October 2018

PurposeThe objectives of this paper were twofold: to explore if there are differences in the perceptions about supply chain performance (SCP) and relationship quality (RQ) among traditional food supply chain members, and to examine the influence of individual relationship variables and aggregated relationship quality on SCP in the traditional food sector.Design/methodology/approachThe survey was conducted in a triadic context with 189 supply chain members (62 suppliers, 65 focal companies and 62 customers) of 65 traditional food supply chains (cheese, olive oil, meat products, brandies and liqueurs, wine and honey) in Croatia. The influence of individual relationship variables and aggregated RQ on perceived SCP was tested using regression analysis.FindingsIt was found that there were no significant differences in the perception of overall SCP and RQ among supply chain members. It was identified that aggregated RQ and all individual relationship variables (trust, commitment, economic satisfaction, non-coercive and coercive power, reputation and conflict) have a significant influence on perceived SCP of the traditional food supply chains.Practical implicationThis study provides a systematic approach to investigate the SCP and supply chain RQ in the traditional food sector. The findings suggest that managers should not neglect any aspect of supply chain relationship to keep high SCP and to be competitive on the market.Originality/valueThis multiple supply chain study makes an original empirical contribution to the supply chain and network management literature by using a triadic approach to investigate RQ and SCP. The influence of individual RQ constructs and aggregated RQ on traditional food SCP examined in this study has not been explored thus far. This study also makes an original empirical contribution by investigating RQ and SCP in the traditional food sector, which has received little attention recently.
Effects of host colony size and hygiene behaviours on social spider kleptoparasite loads along an elevation gradient
Authors: Straus Samantha , Avilés Leticia 
Published: October 2018

Abstract

Group living animals are likely to attract more parasites than solitary ones. Parasite loads, however, should also depend on environmental conditions and on host characteristics and behaviours. Previous work has found that social spider colonies harbour communities of kleptoparasitic spiders that forego building their own web and, instead, steal prey from their social host.

We examined kleptoparasite loads and host hygiene behaviours in colonies of social and subsocial spiders in the genus Anelosimus along an elevation gradient in eastern Ecuador.

We found that kleptoparasite loads declined dramatically with increasing elevation. Host hygiene behaviours, such as debris removal, web repair and interactions with the parasites, also declined with elevation. Within elevations, species with more frequent hygiene behaviours appeared more successful at keeping parasites at bay. Contrary to our predictions, parasite density declined with host nest and colony size.

The decline in parasite loads at higher elevations likely reflects a lower rate of energy exchange between colonies and their environments, where colder temperatures mean fewer and smaller prey for colonies to process. The decline in parasite density with host colony size may reflect a decline in the number of accessible prey in larger host colonies, as larger colonies should capture fewer but larger insects due to scaling properties of their three‐dimensional webs.

Social immunity, whereby a social host uses social behaviour to fight against parasites, has been studied in eusocial and non‐eusocial insects. This study opens up social spiders as a novel system in which to study how host characteristics interact with environmental factors to affect parasite loads. It also introduces the concept of group‐level immunity to social spiders and suggests a role for colony‐level metabolism in determining ecological patterns in parasitism.

A plain language summary is available for this article.
Species distribution models of the Spotted Wing Drosophila (Drosophila suzukii, Diptera: Drosophilidae) in its native and invasive range reveal an ecological niche shift
Authors: Ørsted Iben Vejrum , Ørsted Michael 
Published: October 2018

Abstract

The Spotted Wing Drosophila (Drosophila suzukii) is native to Southeast Asia. Since its first detection in 2008 in Europe and North America, it has been a pest to the fruit production industry as it feeds and oviposits on ripening fruit. Here we aim to model the potential geographical distribution of D. suzukii.

We performed an extensive literature review to map the current records. In total 517 documented occurrences (96 native and 421 invasive) were identified, spanning 52 countries. Next, we constructed three species distribution models (SDMs) based on occurrence records in: (a) the native range (SDMnative), (b) the invasive range in Europe (SDMEurope), and (c) a global model of all records (SDMglobal). The aim of the models was to investigate whether this species will be able to occupy additional ecological niches beyond its native range and expand its current geographic distribution both globally and in Europe. The SDMs were generated using Maximum Entropy algorithms (Maxent) based on present occurrence records and bioclimatic variables (WorldClim).

Predictions of habitat suitability vary greatly depending on origins of occurrence records. According to all models, precipitation and low temperatures were key limiting factors for the distribution of D. suzukii, which suggests that this species requires a humid environment with mild winters in order to establish a permanent population in its invasive range. Several regions in the invasive range, not presently occupied by this species, were predicted highly suitable, especially in northern Europe, suggesting that D. suzukii does not yet occupy its full fundamental niche.

Synthesis and applications. Based on these models of potential geographic distribution of the Spotted Wing Drosophila (Drosophila suzukii), we show a shift in the ecological niche in Drosophila suzukii populations, emphasizing the importance of using presence, and local environmental data. Further investigation regarding new occurrences is recommended to secure optimal pest management. Despite a continuing expansion, many countries still lack proper surveillance schemes, and we urge policy makers to initiate appropriate management programmes.
Trophic implications of a phenological paradigm shift: Bald eagles and salmon in a changing climate
Authors: Rubenstein Madeleine A. , Christophersen Roger , Ransom Jason I. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract

Climate change influences apex predators in complex ways, due to their important trophic position, capacity for resource plasticity, and sensitivity to numerous anthropogenic stressors. Bald eagles, an ecologically and culturally significant apex predator, congregate seasonally in high densities on salmon spawning rivers across the Pacific Northwest. One of the largest eagle concentrations is in the Skagit River watershed, which connects the montane wilderness of North Cascades National Park to the Puget Sound.

Using multiple long‐term datasets, we evaluated local bald eagle abundance in relation to chum and coho salmon availability; salmon phenology; and the number and timing of flood events in the Skagit. We analysed changes over time as a reflection of climate change impacts, as well as differences between managed and unmanaged portions of the river.

We found that peaks in chum salmon and bald eagle presence have advanced at remarkably similar rates (c. 0.45 days/year), suggesting synchronous phenological responses within this trophic relationship.

Yet the temporal relationship between chum salmon spawning and flood events, which remove salmon carcasses from the system, has not remained constant. This has resulted in a paradigm shift whereby the peak of chum spawning now occurs before the first flood event of the season rather than after.

The interval between peak chum and first flood event was a significant predictor of bald eagle presence: as this interval grew over time (by nearly one day per year), bald eagle counts declined, with a steady decrease in bald eagle observations since 2002. River section was also an important factor, with fewer flood events, and more eagle observations occurring in the river section experiencing direct hydroelectric flow management.

Synthesis and applications. The effects of climate change and hydroelectric management contribute to a complex human footprint in the North Cascades National Park, an otherwise largely natural ecosystem. By accounting for the differential phenological impacts of climate change on bald eagles, salmon, and flood events, Park managers and the operators of the hydroelectric system can more effectively ensure the resilience of the eagle–salmon relationship along the Skagit River.
Declining demographic performance and dispersal limitation influence the geographic distribution of the perennial forb Astragalus utahensis (Fabaceae)
Authors: Baer Kathryn C. , Maron John L. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract

A central goal of ecology is understanding the determinants of species’ distributions. “Metapopulation” models for the existence of distributional boundaries predict that species’ geographic ranges arise from the landscape‐scale deterioration of habitat suitability towards the range edge (i.e., niche mechanisms), which simultaneously hinders demographic performance and limits dispersal to suitable habitat beyond the edge (i.e., dispersal limitation). However, few studies have examined both of these mechanisms for the same species by examining abundance and comprehensive measures of demographic performance across the distribution and beyond its boundary.

We tested the predictions of metapopulation models for range limits by contrasting abundance, demographic performance, and population growth (λ) of the perennial forb Astragalus utahensis in central and northern range edge populations. We tested for dispersal limitation by transplanting individuals at and beyond the northern range boundary and monitoring their demographic performance.

Astragalus abundance and stochastic λ decreased from the range centre to the northern range edge, with stochastic λ falling to or below replacement in range edge populations. However, transplants at some sites beyond the northern range edge survived and reproduced at levels similar to transplants within the range. Thus, in addition to deteriorating conditions at the range edge, dispersal limitation appears to contribute to limiting A. utahensis’ northern distribution.

Synthesis. Our results support metapopulation models for range limits by suggesting that decreased demographic performance constrains the viability of range edge populations while contributing to dispersal limitation of Astragalus utahensis’ distribution. Thus, the tandem action of niche and dispersal processes appears to play an important role in constraining this species’ northern latitudinal range.
The PXXP domain is critical for the protective effect of BAG3 in cardiomyocytes
Authors: Ni Eran , Zhao Lingling , Yao Na , Zhu Xiaofang , Cao Hong , Sun Shuzhen , Zhu Weizhong 
Published: October 2018

SummaryBcl‐2‐associated athanogene3(BAG3) protects the heart and cardiomyocytes from ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Although the anti‐apoptosis effect of BAG3 has been demonstrated in multiple cell types, the structural domain of BAG3, which is responsible for its anti‐apoptosis effect, is not well understood. BAG3 protein consists of various characteristic amino acid motifs/regions that permit the interaction of BAG3 with numerous proteins involved in many cellular key pathways. The purpose of this study is to determine whether the proline‐rich (PXXP) domain of BAG3 is necessary for its cellular protection against hypoxia–reoxygenation (H/R) stress by binding to its chaperone, heat shock cognate 71 kDa protein (HSC70). Cell apoptosis induced by H/R was evaluated using propidium iodide (PI) staining, caspase 3/7 activation and TUNEL staining in cultured H9C2 cells. The expression levels of BAG3 and HSC70 were manipulated, where BAG3 or its mutant, which lacked the PXXP domain, was overexpressed using a plasmid and adenovirus vector, and HSC70 expression was silenced using siRNA. Co‐immunoprecipitation (co‐IP) followed by western blot was employed to define the complex of BAG3 binding to its chaperones. The PXXP domain of BAG3 was determined to be critical for BAG3‐mediated attenuation of H9C2 cell apoptosis induced by H/R through the binding of PXXP with HSC70. The abolished cellular protection of BAG3 induced by the knockdown of HSC70 is associated with reduced binding to HSC70. Given that the structural domain PXXP of BAG3 is necessary for the cellular protection of BAG3 from I/R injury, the mechanism revealed in this study indicates that BAG3 may be a therapeutic target in patients undergoing reperfusion after myocardial infarction.
Discussing Brexit—Could We Do Better?
Authors: Renwick Alan , Palese Michela , Sargeant Jess 
Published: October 2018

AbstractIt is widely recognised—by both Remainers and Leavers—that the quality of public debate in the lead‐up to the UK's 2016 referendum on EU membership was dismal. That was partly because of the nature of the referendum itself: it was on a broad proposal rather than a specific law; the government that called it did not support the change on the ballot paper and refused to prepare for the possibility of a vote for leaving the EU. It was also influenced by the nature of the campaign: both sides propagated misinformation; key issues were barely discussed; the public were often left dissatisfied and bewildered. This paper sets out evidence on these points and then analyses whether anything could be done to address them. Drawing on recent comparative research into referendums, it explores the importance of preparing for the decision to call a referendum. It then examines three possible approaches to improving political discourse during the campaign itself: exposing misinformation; providing high‐quality information; and promoting citizen deliberation. It finally considers how these could be applied to possible referendums on the issue of the UK's EU membership.
Bilingualism, cognates and reading fluency in children
Authors: Davis Andréa K. , Bowman Natalie , Kaushanskaya Margarita 
Published: October 2018

BackgroundThe goal of this study was to examine the effect of cognates on Spanish–English bilingual children's English reading fluency. Because cognates lead to higher levels of non‐target language activation, we hypothesised that the presence of cognates would result in reduced reading fluency for bilingual children.MethodsMonolingual English‐speaking children and Spanish–English bilingual children (ages = 8–13 years) read aloud two stories in English. One story contained cognate words, while the other story did not.ResultsResults revealed that bilingual children made more errors and read more slowly when reading a story containing cognates.ConclusionsThese findings indicate that the presence of cognates in a text disrupts bilinguals' oral reading fluency, suggesting that lexical‐level, local co‐activation can have a global effect on bilinguals' ability to engage in a higher‐level reading task.