bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigating the diagnostic performance of HOTTIP, PVT1, and UCA1 long noncoding RNAs as a predictive panel for the screening of colorectal cancer patients with lymph node metastasis
Authors: Gharib Ehsan , Anaraki Fakhrosadat , Baghdar Kaveh , Ghavidel Pegah , Sadeghi Hossein , Nasrabadi Parinaz Nasri , Peyravian Noshad , Aghdaei Hamid Asadzadeh , Zali Mohammad Reza , Mojarad Ehsan Nazemalhosseini 
Published: April 2019

AbstractLike other noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), dysregulation of long ncRNAs (lncRNAs) has been associated with various clinicopathological features of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients such as lymph node metastasis (LNM). Recently, three aberrant expressed oncogenic lncRNA (onco‐lncRNAs), including HOXA transcript at the distal tip (HOTTIP), plasmacytoma variant translocation 1 (PVT1), and urothelial carcinoma associated 1 (UCA1) have been reported in LNM. Herein, we compared the diagnostic performance of these lncRNAs as individual biomarkers and as a discriminating panel between LNM CRC patients, nonmetastatic lymph nodes (NLN) and normal healthy subjects. The lncRNAs expression level was measured by quantitative real‐time PCR and analyzed by the Mann‐Whitney U test. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was applied to evaluate the diagnostic power. The Kaplan‐Meier survival analysis was performed to outline the overall survival (OS) of CRC patients with an abnormal level of lncRNAs. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of the overexpressed HOTTIP (0.7817; 95% CI, 0.6809‐0.8824), PVT1 (0.8559; 95% CI, 0.7737‐0.9382), and UCA1 (0.8135; 95% CI, 0.722‐0.9051) introduced them as individual CRC biomarkers. As a predictive panel, the AUC values of the HOTTIP, PVT1, and UCA1 for training set were 0.9256 (95% CI, 0.8634‐0.9879; all CRCs), 0.8708 (95% CI, 0.7709‐0.9378; NLN) and 0.9804 (95% CI, 0.9585‐0.9998; LNM), and for validation set were 0.9286 (95% CI, 0.8752‐0.9820; all CRCs), 0.8911 (95% CI, 0.8238‐0.9585; NLN), and 0.9833 (95% CI, 0.9642‐1.002; LNM), respectively. Also, HOTTIP/PVT1/UCA1 panel dysregulation had a marked correlation with patient's OS in training set (logrank test P = 0.0121; hazard ratio [HR], 0.1225; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.02376‐0.6312), and in validation set (logrank test P < 0.0001, HR, 0.2003; 95% CI, 0.08942‐0.4486). These data showed that the combination of HOTTIP, PVT1, and UCA1 as a predictive panel, has a better diagnostic performance than each of these lncRNAs individually, and could be used for the screening of patients with advanced CRC.
Two‐stage algorithms for covering array construction
Authors: Sarkar Kaushik , Colbourn Charles J. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractModern software systems often consist of many different components, each with a number of options. Although unit tests may reveal faulty options for individual components, functionally correct components may interact in unforeseen ways to cause a fault. Covering arrays are used to test for interactions among components systematically. A two‐stage framework, providing a number of concrete algorithms, is developed for the efficient construction of covering arrays. In the first stage, a time and memory efficient randomized algorithm covers most of the interactions. In the second stage, a more sophisticated search covers the remainder in relatively few tests. In this way, the storage limitations of the sophisticated search algorithms are avoided; hence, the range of the number of components for which the algorithm can be applied is extended, without increasing the number of tests. Many of the framework instantiations can be tuned to optimize a memory‐quality trade‐off, so that fewer tests can be achieved using more memory.
Downregulation of lysyl oxidase‐like 4 LOXL4 by miR‐135a‐5p promotes lung cancer progression in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Zhang Ying , Jiang Wan‐Li , Yang Jun‐Yuan , Huang Jie , Kang Ganjun , Hu Hai‐Bo , Xie Songpig 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAberrant microRNAs are widely identified in multiple cancers, including lung cancer. miR‐135a‐5p can function as a significant tumor regulator in diverse cancers via impacting multiple genes in oncogenic pathways. Nevertheless, the biological role of miR‐135a‐5p in lung cancer is poorly known. Here, we investigated its function in lung cancer. As exhibited, miR‐135a‐5p was elevated in lung cancer cells in contrast to BEAS‐2B cells. Then, we inhibited miR‐135a‐5p expression by transfecting LV‐anti‐miR‐135a‐5p into lung cancer cells. As displayed, miR‐135a‐5p was obviously reduced in A549 and H1299 cells. Knockdown of miR‐135a‐5p repressed lung cancer cell growth and cell proliferation. Meanwhile, cell colony formation capacity was depressed, cell apoptosis was enhanced and cell cycle progression was blocked in G1 phase by inhibition of miR‐135a‐5p in vitro. Additionally, the migration and invasion of A549 and H1299 cells was strongly depressed by LV‐anti‐miR‐135a‐5p. For another, by using informatics analysis, lysyl oxidase‐like 4 (LOXL4) was speculated as the downstream target of miR‐135a‐5p. We validated their direct correlation and moreover, overexpression of miR‐135a‐5p restrained LOXL4 levels in lung cancer cells. Subsequently, we proved that miR‐135a‐5p promoted lung cancer development via targeting LOXL4 by carrying out the in vivo assays. Taken these together, our study revealed miR‐135a‐5p might be indicated as a perspective for lung cancer via targeting LOXL4.
Long noncoding RNA PTPRG‐AS1 acts as a microRNA‐194‐3p sponge to regulate radiosensitivity and metastasis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells via PRC1
Authors: Yi Liang , Ouyang Lei , Wang Shuang , Li Shi‐Sheng , Yang Xin‐Ming 
Published: April 2019

AbstractProtein regulator of cytokinesis 1 (PRC1) has been reported in correlation with various malignancies. Functionality of PRC1 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) was investigated, in perspective of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) regulatory circuitry. Aberrant expressed messenger RNA and lncRNA were screened out from the Gene Expression Omnibus microarray database. NPC cell line CNE‐2 was adopted for in vitro study and transfected with mimic or short hairpin RNA of miR‐194‐3p and PTPRG‐AS1. The radioactive sensitivity, cell viability, migration, invasion, and apoptosis were detected. PTPRG‐AS1 and PRC1 were upregulated in NPC, whereas miR‐194‐3p was downregulated. PTPRG‐AS1 was found to specifically bind to miR‐194‐3p as a competing endogenous RNA and miR‐194‐3p targets and negatively regulates PRC1. Overexpressed miR‐194‐3p or silenced PTPRG‐AS1 resulted in enhanced sensitivity to radiotherapy and cell apoptosis along with suppressed cell migration, invasion and proliferation in NPC. Furthermore, impaired tumor formation was also caused by miR‐194‐3p overexpression or PTPRG‐AS1 suppression through xenograft tumor in nude mice. In our study, PTPRG‐AS1/miR‐194‐3p/PRC1 regulatory circuitry was revealed in NPC, the mechanism of which can be of clinical significance for treatment of NPC.
Administration of dexamethasone disrupts endometrial receptivity by alteration of expression of miRNA 223, 200a, LIF, Muc1, SGK1, and ENaC via the ERK1/2‐mTOR pathway
Authors: Shariati Mohammad Bakhtiar Hesam , Niknafs Behrooz , Seghinsara Abbas Majdi , Shokrzadeh Naser , Alivand Mohammad Reza 
Published: April 2019

AbstractSuccessful implantation of embryos requires endometrial receptivity. Glucocorticoids are one of the factors influencing the implantation window. In this study, 40 female BALB/c mice were used to study the impacts of dexamethasone administration on endometrial receptivity markers during implantation window. The mice mated and were randomly divided into four groups: control (vehicle), dexamethasone (100 μg/kg, IP), PP242 (30 mg/kg, IP), and dexamethasone + PP242 (Dex + PP242). On the Day 4th and 5th of gestation, mice received their respective treatments and were killed on the 5th day. To assess the expression of Muc1, leukemia inflammatory inhibitor (LIF), serum/glucocorticoid‐inducible kinase 1 (SGK1), epithelial Na+ channel (ENaC), miRNA 200a, and miRNA 223‐3p in the endometrium real‐time polymerase chain reaction was performed. Furthermore, using Western blot analysis protein expressions of extracellular signal‐regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), and euk皓aryotic translation initiation factor 4E‐binding protein 1 (4E‐BP1) were evaluated. Periodic Acid‐Schiff staining was used to examine the histomorphological changes of the uterus. According to the results dexamethasone declined the expression of LIF, whereas upregulated expression of Muc1, SGK1, ENaC mRNA, miRNA 200a, and miRNA 223‐3p in the endometrium. In addition, PP242, an mTOR inhibitor, induced mRNA expression of Muc1, miRNA200a, and miRNa223‐3p whereas it declined the expression of LIF. Moreover, activity of the ERK1/2‐mTOR pathway in the endometrial cells was deterred by dexamethasone and PP242. Nonstop epithelium proliferation and elevated surface glycoproteins layer on epithelium of dexamethasone and/or PP242‐received groups were divulged through histochemical analysis. According to the above mentioned results, uterine receptivity during implantation period was declined by dexamethasone, at least in part, through modulation of involved genes in endometrial receptivity and inhibition of the ERK1/2‐mTOR pathway.
Sarcopenia and its association with falls and fractures in older adults: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Yeung Suey S.Y. , Reijnierse Esmee M. , Pham Vivien K. , Trappenburg Marijke C. , Lim Wen Kwang , Meskers Carel G.M. , Maier Andrea B. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractSarcopenia is a potentially modifiable risk factor for falls and fractures in older adults, but the strength of the association between sarcopenia, falls, and fractures is unclear. This study aims to systematically assess the literature and perform a meta‐analysis of the association between sarcopenia with falls and fractures among older adults. A literature search was performed using MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane, and CINAHL from inception to May 2018. Inclusion criteria were the following: published in English, mean/median age ≥ 65 years, sarcopenia diagnosis (based on definitions used by the original studies' authors), falls and/or fractures outcomes, and any study population. Pooled analyses were conducted of the associations of sarcopenia with falls and fractures, expressed in odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Subgroup analyses were performed by study design, population, sex, sarcopenia definition, continent, and study quality. Heterogeneity was assessed using the I2 statistics. The search identified 2771 studies. Thirty‐six studies (52 838 individuals, 48.8% females, and mean age of the study populations ranging from 65.0 to 86.7 years) were included in the systematic review. Four studies reported on both falls and fractures. Ten out of 22 studies reported a significantly higher risk of falls in sarcopenic compared with non‐sarcopenic individuals; 11 out of 19 studies showed a significant positive association with fractures. Thirty‐three studies (45 926 individuals) were included in the meta‐analysis. Sarcopenic individuals had a significant higher risk of falls (cross‐sectional studies: OR 1.60; 95% CI 1.37–1.86, P < 0.001, I2 = 34%; prospective studies: OR 1.89; 95% CI 1.33–2.68, P < 0.001, I2 = 37%) and fractures (cross‐sectional studies: OR 1.84; 95% CI 1.30–2.62, P = 0.001, I2 = 91%; prospective studies: OR 1.71; 95% CI 1.44–2.03, P = 0.011, I2 = 0%) compared with non‐sarcopenic individuals. This was independent of study design, population, sex, sarcopenia definition, continent, and study quality. The positive association between sarcopenia with falls and fractures in older adults strengthens the need to invest in sarcopenia prevention and interventions to evaluate its effect on falls and fractures.
Disinfection and surface changes of gutta‐percha cones after immersion in sodium hypochlorite solution containing surfactant
Authors: Vitali Filipe C. , Nomura Lincon H. , Delai Débora , Henriques Dilma H. N. , Alves Ana M. H. , da Fonseca Roberti Garcia Lucas , Bortoluzzi Eduardo A. , Teixeira Cleonice S. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractIn this study, we evaluated the effectiveness of 1 and 5.25% NaOCl solutions, with or without surfactant, in disinfecting gutta‐percha cones. Surface changes of the gutta‐percha cones after disinfection were also assessed under scanning electron microscopy (SEM). One‐hundred and eight gutta‐percha cones previously contaminated with Enterococcus faecalis were left in contact for 30 s or 1 min with the following solutions (n = 12): 1% NaOCl; 1% NaOCl + 2% cetrimide; 5.25% NaOCl; 5.25% NaOCl + 2% cetrimide. Positive control group was composed by the remaining contaminated cones (n = 12), and the negative control group by noncontaminated cones (n = 12). The cones were kept in Eppendorf tubes containing Trypticase Soy Broth at 37°C for 24 hr, and then, the presence of turbidity was analyzed. Ten additional cones (n = 2) were observed under SEM to evaluate surface changes after 1 min of disinfection. The data analysis (Kruskal–Wallis test, α = 5%) demonstrated that regardless the presence of surfactant, the NaOCl solutions used were effective in the disinfection when cones were immersed for 1 min. However, at the 30‐s period, only the 5.25% NaOCl solution was effective. SEM analysis demonstrated that NaOCl solutions promoted the formation of sodium chloride crystals on cones surface, less visible when the 1% NaOCl associated to surfactant was used. The addition of surfactant did not affect the disinfection capacity of NaOCl solutions. However, the surfactant has apparently inhibited the sodium chloride crystals deposition on the cones surface when associated to 1% NaOCl solution.
A pilot study to examine the association between human gut microbiota and the host's central obesity
Authors: Koo Seok Hwee , Chu Collins Wenhan , Khoo Joan Joo Ching , Cheong Magdalin , Soon Gaik Hong , Ho Eliza Xin Pei , Law Ngai Moh , De Sessions Paola Florez , Fock Kwong Ming , Ang Tiing Leong , Lee Edmund Jon Deoon , Hsiang John Chen 
Published: April 2019

Background and AimPerturbance in the composition of human gut microbiota has been associated with metabolic disorders such as obesity, diabetes mellitus, and insulin resistance. The objectives of this study are to examine the effects of ethnicity, central obesity, and recorded dietary components on potentially influencing the human gut microbiome. We hypothesize that these factors have an influence on the composition of the gut microbiome.MethodsSubjects of Chinese (n = 14), Malay (n = 10), and Indian (n = 11) ancestry, with a median age of 39 years (range: 22–70 years old), provided stool samples for gut microbiome profiling using 16S rRNA sequencing and completed a dietary questionnaire. The serum samples were assayed for a panel of biomarkers (interleukin‐6, tumor necrosis factor alpha, adiponectin, cleaved cytokeratin 18, lipopolysaccharide‐binding protein, and limulus amebocyte lysate). Central obesity was defined by waist circumference cut‐off values for Asians.ResultsThere were no significant differences in Shannon alpha diversity for ethnicity and central obesity and no associations between levels of inflammatory cytokines and obesity. The relative abundances of Anaerofilum (P = 0.02), Gemellaceae (P = 0.02), Streptococcaceae (P = 0.03), and Rikenellaceae (P = 0.04) were significantly lower in the obese group. From principle coordinate analysis, the effects of the intake of fiber and fat/saturated fat were in contrast with each other, with clustering of obese individuals leaning toward fiber.ConclusionThe study demonstrated that there were differences in the gut microbiome in obese individuals. Certain bacterial taxa were present in lower abundance in the group with central obesity. Fiber and fat/saturated fat diets were not the key determinants of central obesity.
Vessel wall and lumen characteristics with age in healthy participants using 3T intracranial vessel wall magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Cogswell Petrice M. , Lants Sarah K. , Davis L. Taylor , Donahue Manus J. 
Published: April 2019

BackgroundIntracranial vessel wall imaging (VWI) at a clinical field strength of 3T has become more widely available. However, how vessel measurements change with age and sex, over an age range spanning a typical lifespan, are needed.Purpose/HypothesisTo assess for identifiable changes in arterial wall thickness, outer vessel wall diameter, and lumen diameter with age cross‐sectionally in healthy controls without cerebrovascular disease risk factors at the spatial resolution afforded by currently recommended 3T VWI approaches.Study TypeProspective.Population/SubjectsHealthy subjects (n = 82; age = 8–79 years).Field Strength/Sequence3T intracranial VWI, angiography, and T1‐weighted anatomical imaging.AssessmentTwo readers measured lumen and outer wall diameters of the supraclinoid internal carotid artery (ICA) and distal basilar artery. Wall thickness and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were calculated.Statistical TestsSeparate linear regressions were performed to understand the relationship between wall measurements (lumen diameter, outer vessel wall diameter, and wall thickness) and age, gender, side (left or right); significance: two‐sided P < 0.05.ResultsReaders showed excellent agreement for lumen and outer wall diameters (ICC 0.83–094). Linear regression of supraclinoid ICA wall measurements showed a statistically significant increase in wall thickness (P = 0.00051) and outer vessel wall diameter (P = 0.030) with age. ICA lumen and outer vessel wall diameters were statistically greater in males vs. females (lumen diameter 3.69 ± 0.41 vs. 3.54 ± 0.35 mm, P = 0.026; outer wall diameter 5.78 ± 0.52 vs. 5.56 ± 0.44 mm, P = 0.0089) with a trend toward increase in wall thickness (1.05 ± 0.12 vs. 1.01 ± 0.10 mm, P = 0.055). No significant difference was found in basilar artery wall thickness (P = 0.45, P = 0.72), lumen diameter (P = 0.15, P = 0.42), or outer vessel wall diameter (P = 0.34, P = 0.41) with age or gender, respectively.Data ConclusionIntracranial vessel wall measurements were shown to be consistent between readers. At the available spatial resolution of 3T intracranial VWI sequences, supraclinoid ICA vessel wall thickness and outer vessel wall diameter appear to mildly increase with age. There was no detectable change in basilar artery vessel wall characteristics with age.Level of Evidence: 2Technical Efficacy: Stage 3J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2019;50:1452–1460.
Do not like it when you need it the most: Examining the effect of manager ego depletion on managerial voice endorsement
Authors: Li Junchao (Jason) , Barnes Christopher M. , Yam Kai Chi , Guarana Cristiano L. , Wang Lin 
Published: April 2019

SummaryThis paper advances the understanding of managerial voice endorsement based on a self‐regulation perspective. We suggest that although managers might potentially benefit more from employees' upward voice when they are more depleted, they are paradoxically less likely to diligently process or endorse such voice under ego depletion. We draw from ego depletion theory and argue that when managers are more depleted of their self‐control resources, they will spend less cognitive effort in processing voice. In turn, they tend to reject employee voice due to status quo bias and confirmation bias. We further suggest that the detrimental effect of ego depletion on voice endorsement is stronger when the voicing employee is perceived as having low expertise. We conducted an experience sampling study surveying 62 managers about voice events they encounter at work over 10 days (Study 1) and an experiment with 198 managers (Study 2). These two studies support our hypotheses. We discuss the theoretical and practical implications of our findings.
Climate process chains: Examples from southern Africa
Authors: Daron Joseph , Burgin Laura , Janes Tamara , Jones Richard G. , Jack Christopher 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe climate system comprises multiple components, primarily the atmosphere, ocean and cryosphere, each incorporating physical processes that interact across scales. To help understand the behaviour of this complex system, and evaluate climate model simulations, researchers typically take a reductionist approach, focusing on individual climate processes and studying their relationships with weather and climate in different regions. While more holistic approaches, such as climate networks, have been developed to explicitly address the complexity of the climate, here we argue for the use of a new approach that accounts for multiple cross‐scale process interactions, framed with respect to specific climate outcomes of societal importance. We introduce and explore the concept of “climate process chains” (CPCs), describing their potential application using examples determined for southern Africa. Building on related theoretical concepts, and through reviewing literature on climate processes and teleconnections to southern Africa, we identify candidate CPCs for two outcomes of societal interest; a regional‐scale drought and local‐scale heavy rainfall. Focusing on such outcomes means that CPC investigations have more relevance to climate risk management contexts, as well as providing a constraint on the exploration of climate uncertainties for a region. We argue that CPCs may help to articulate relationships amongst regionally relevant climate processes across temporal and spatial scales, and discuss their potential utility in climate research, including in the evaluation of climate models and their simulations.
The potential impact of an electronic medication management system on safety‐critical prescribing errors in an emergency department
Authors: Raban Magdalena Z. , Walter Scott R. , Pont Lisa G. , Cheung Louis , Strumpman Dana , Westbrook Johanna I. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackgroundMedication errors in hospitals are common. Although electronic medication management systems (eMMS) have the potential to reduce errors during inpatient care, little is known about their effect in emergency departments (ED).AimThe aims of this study were to report on the types of prescribing errors in an ED prior to implementation of an eMMS, to assess the risk the errors pose to patient safety and to evaluate whether safety‐critical errors were potentially preventable with a newly implemented eMMS.MethodsMedication orders on paper charts were assessed for prescribing errors by a clinical hospital pharmacist. Error severity was rated using a five‐point scale. Errors of moderate or higher severity, and all errors involving defined high‐risk medicines were considered safety‐critical errors. The potential for safety‐critical errors to be prevented by the eMMS was rated (likely, possibly or unlikely).ResultsAcross 239 medication orders, 208 errors (27 clinical, 181 legal or procedural) were identified. The overall prescribing error rate was 0.87 errors/order. There were 67 safety‐critical errors (53 legal or procedural, 14 clinical). Overall, 82.1% of errors were likely preventable by eMMS. However, of the clinical safety‐critical errors, only 2 (14.3%) were considered likely preventable.ConclusionAlthough eMMS has the capacity to prevent a high proportion of safety‐critical legal or procedural errors in the ED, clinical prescribing errors in this category were unlikely to be prevented by using eMMS. Further investigation of these more severe error types could guide the design of eMMS decision support to improve system effectiveness.