bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of communicating phenotypic and genetic risk of coronary heart disease alongside web-based lifestyle advice: the INFORM Randomised Controlled Trial
Authors: Silarova Barbora , Sharp Stephen , Usher-Smith Juliet A , Lucas Joanne , Payne Rupert A , Shefer Guy , Moore Carmel , Girling Christine , Lawrence Kathryn , Tolkien Zoe , Walker Matthew , Butterworth Adam , Di Angelantonio Emanuele , Danesh John , Griffin Simon J 
Published: March 2019

ObjectiveTo determine whether provision of web-based lifestyle advice and coronary heart disease risk information either based on phenotypic characteristics or phenotypic plus genetic characteristics affects changes in objectively measured health behaviours.MethodsA parallel-group, open randomised trial including 956 male and female blood donors with no history of cardiovascular disease (mean [SD] age=56.7 [8.8] years) randomised to four study groups: control group (no information provided); web-based lifestyle advice only (lifestyle group); lifestyle advice plus information on estimated 10-year coronary heart disease risk based on phenotypic characteristics (phenotypic risk estimate) (phenotypic group) and lifestyle advice plus information on estimated 10-year coronary heart disease risk based on phenotypic (phenotypic risk estimate) and genetic characteristics (genetic risk estimate) (genetic group). The primary outcome was change in physical activity from baseline to 12 weeks assessed by wrist-worn accelerometer.Results928 (97.1%) participants completed the trial. There was no evidence of intervention effects on physical activity (difference in adjusted mean change from baseline): lifestyle group vs control group 0.09 milligravity (mg) (95% CI −1.15 to 1.33); genetic group vs phenotypic group −0.33 mg (95% CI −1.55 to 0.90); phenotypic group and genetic group vs control group −0.52 mg (95% CI −1.59 to 0.55) and vs lifestyle group −0.61 mg (95% CI −1.67 to 0.46). There was no evidence of intervention effects on secondary biological, emotional and health-related behavioural outcomes except self-reported fruit and vegetable intake.ConclusionsProvision of risk information, whether based on phenotypic or genotypic characteristics, alongside web-based lifestyle advice did not importantly affect objectively measured levels of physical activity, other health-related behaviours, biological risk factors or emotional well-being.Trial registration numberISRCTN17721237; Pre-results.
Effect of a cognitive test at license renewal for older drivers on their crash risk in Japan
Authors: Ichikawa Masao , Inada Haruhiko , Nakahara Shinji 
Published: March 2019

ObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of adding a cognitive test to a license renewal procedure for drivers aged 75 years or older in reducing their motor vehicle collisions (MVCs). The test has been obligatory since June 2009.MethodsUsing monthly police-reported national data on MVCs from January 2005 through December 2016, we calculated the rates of MVCs per licensed driver-year by sex and age group (70–74, 75–79, 80–84 and 85 years or older) for each month together with the ratios of MVC rates of drivers in the three oldest age groups (which are subject to the test) to those of the 70–74 years group (not subject to the test) to control for extraneous factors affecting MVCs over the study period. Then, we conducted an interrupted time-series analysis by regressing the rate ratio stratified by sex and age group on the number of months from January 2005, June 2009 (when the cognitive test was introduced to a license renewal procedure) and June 2012 (when all drivers subject to the test have taken it at least once).ResultsThe rates showed a longitudinal decrease in male and female drivers over the study period without any apparent effects of the introduction of the cognitive test while no significant decrease was observed in the rate ratios after the introduction of the cognitive test.ConclusionsThere were no clear safety benefits of the cognitive test for drivers aged 75 years or older to reduce their MVCs.
Use of imatinib mesylate in a cat with gastrointestinal stromal tumour
Authors: Won Sungjun , Kim Yongbaek , Yoon Junghee 
Published: March 2019

A two‐year‐old, Turkish Angora, neutered male cat was evaluated for acute onset of melena and anaemia. A mass was identified in the duodenum and was diagnosed as gastrointestinal stromal tumour (GIST) through immunohistochemistry. The cat developed suspected nephropathy after 12 months of imatinib treatment for GIST. Imatinib was discontinued, but the patient died after two months due to renal failure. GIST is a rare neoplasm in cats, and treatment with imatinib in feline GIST has not been previously reported.
It's Not Too Late to Improve Statin Adherence: Association Between Changes in Statin Adherence from Before to After Acute Myocardial Infarction and All‐Cause Mortality
Authors: Hickson Ryan P. , Robinson Jennifer G. , Annis Izabela E. , Killeya‐Jones Ley A. , Fang Gang 
Published: March 2019

Background

Many older patients have a change in statin adherence—either an increase or a decrease—from before to after an acute myocardial infarction (
AMI
), but its association with mortality is unknown.

Methods and Results

Using Medicare administrative claims, a cohort of patients ≥66 years old with an
AMI
hospitalization from 2008 to 2010 was assembled. Statin adherence was measured for 180 days pre‐
AMI
and 180 days post‐
AMI
and categorized as severely nonadherent, moderately nonadherent, or adherent. Categorical change in statin adherence from pre‐ to post‐
AMI
was assessed. Patients were then followed for up to 18 months for all‐cause mortality. A Cox proportional hazards model was applied to estimate the effects of statin adherence change on all‐cause mortality, adjusted for patient baseline characteristics. Of 101 011 eligible patients, 20% had a categorical increase in adherence, 16% decreased, and 14% remained nonadherent both pre‐ and post‐
AMI
. Compared with patients who were always severely nonadherent (both pre‐ and post‐
AMI
), patients whose adherence increased from severely nonadherent to adherent (hazard ratio=0.83; 95%
CI
: 0.75–0.92) and patients who were always adherent (hazard ratio=0.88; 95%
CI
: 0.82–0.94) were less likely to die; patients whose adherence decreased from moderately nonadherent to severely nonadherent were more likely to die (hazard ratio=1.11; 95%
CI
: 1.01–1.22).

Conclusions

After an
AMI
, patients with decreased statin adherence had the worst mortality outcomes. However, patients with increased statin adherence had a similar risk of mortality compared with continuously adherent patients, suggesting that, even after an
AMI
, it is not too late to improve statin adherence.
Mild brain injury education: preparing the caregiver
Authors: Schackow LeAnn , Lape Jennifer E 
Published: March 2019

Background/AimThe purpose of this pre-test, post-test study was to determine if caregivers of patients diagnosed with a mild brain injury feel better prepared for the caregiving role following a single, individualised education session in the acute care hospital setting.MethodsA total of 17 patients and 21 caregivers were recruited. A pre-intervention survey was used to gather baseline perceptions on preparedness, worry, and brain injury knowledge. The intervention included a review of a mild brain injury educational booklet and a caregiver handout with the patient and caregiver during a 45–60-minute session. A post-intervention survey was used to assess caregivers' perceptions following the educational session.FindingsThe mean Likert survey responses of the caregivers indicated an improvement in the areas of worry, preparedness for caregiving, and understanding of brain injury post-intervention. Caregivers unanimously agreed that their understanding of brain injury and ability to manage the patients' symptoms was a direct result of the intervention.ConclusionsThe findings from this pilot study demonstrate the benefits of a single educational session with caregivers in the hospital setting. Exploring if the educational material was used by caregivers post-discharge is warranted to further support the results.
Can leucocyte esterase replace frozen sections in the intraoperative diagnosis of prosthetic hip infection?
Authors: Zagra L. , Villa F. , Cappelletti L. , Gallazzi E. , Materazzi G. , De Vecchi E. 
Published: March 2019

Aims Leucocyte esterase (LE) has been shown to be an accurate marker of prosthetic joint infection (PJI), and has been proposed as an alternative to frozen section (FS) histology for intraoperative diagnosis. In this study, the intraoperative assessment of LE was compared with FS histology for the diagnosis of prosthetic hip infection. Patients and Methods A total of 119 patients undergoing revision total hip arthroplasty (THA) between June 2015 and December 2017 were included in the study. There were 56 men and 63 women with a mean age of 66.2 years (27 to 88). Synovial fluid was collected before arthrotomy for the assessment of LE using enzymatic colourimetric strips. Between five and six samples were stained with haematoxylin and eosin for FS histology, and considered suggestive of infection when at least five polymorphonuclear leucocytes were found in five high-power fields. Results The sensitivity and specificity of the LE assay were 100% and 93.8%, respectively; the positive (PPV) and the negative (NPV) predictive values were 79.3% and 100%, respectively. The mean time between the collection of the sample and the result being known was 20.1 minutes (sd 4.4). The sensitivity and specificity of FS histology were 78.3% and 96.9%, respectively; the PPV and the NPV were 85.7% and 94.9%, respectively. The mean time between the collection of the sample and the result being known was 27.2 minutes (sd 6.9). Conclusion The sensitivity of LE assay was higher, with similar specificity and diagnostic accuracy, compared with FS histology. The faster turnaround time, its ease of use, and low costs make LE assay a valuable alternative to FS histology. We now use it routinely for the intraoperative diagnosis of PJI. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2019;101-B:372–377.
Long-term outcomes after an initial experience of computer-navigated resection of primary pelvic and sacral bone tumours
Authors: Nandra R. , Matharu G. , Stevenson J. , Parry M. , Grimer R. , Jeys L. 
Published: March 2019

Aims The aim of this study was to investigate the local recurrence rate at an extended follow-up in patients following navigated resection of primary pelvic and sacral tumours. Patients and Methods This prospective cohort study comprised 23 consecutive patients (nine female, 14 male) who underwent resection of a primary pelvic or sacral tumour, using computer navigation, between 2010 and 2012. The mean age of the patients at the time of presentation was 51 years (10 to 77). The rates of local recurrence and mortality were calculated using the Kaplan–Meier method. Results Bone resection margins were all clear and there were no bony recurrences. At a mean follow-up for all patients of 59 months (12 to 93), eight patients (34.8%) developed soft-tissue local recurrence, with a cumulative rate of local recurrence at six-years of 35.1% (95% confidence interval (CI) 19.3 to 58.1). The cumulative all-cause rate of mortality at six-years was 26.1% (95% CI 12.7 to 49.1). Conclusion Despite the positive early experience with navigated-assisted resection, local recurrence rates remain high. With increasing knowledge of the size of soft-tissue margins required to reduce local recurrence and the close proximity of native structures in the pelvis, we advise against compromising resection to preserve function, and encourage surgeons to reduce local recurrence by prioritizing wide resection margins of the tumour. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2019;101-B:484–490.
Adaptation of Morus alba and Morus cathayana plants in a different climate and environment conditions in Indonesia
Authors: SASMITA NANANG , PURBA JHON HARDY , YUNITI I GUSTI AYU DIYAH 
Published: March 2019

Abstract. Sasmita N, Purba JH, Yuniti IGAD. 2019. Adaptation of Morus alba and Morus cathayana plants in a different climate and environment conditions in Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 544-554. Mulberry (Morus alba L. and Morus cathayana Hemsl.) cultivation business as silkworm feed in Indonesia is increasing, considering the benefits of mulberry economically, ecologically and pharmaceutically. This study aimed to determine the mulberry plants adaptation to the ability of life and growth of mulberry cuttings. The research was conducted at three different places i.e. BPTH Bali, Cianjur Alam Sutra Nursery (West Java) and East Kutai Farming Farm, using Randomized Block Design consisted of mulberry treatments (M. alba and M. cathayana) and three treatments i.e. using Rootone F, Using Organic solution and Control (no added. The results show different growth rates from various regions in Indonesia. Mulberry growth in West Java was the best compared to mulberry which growth in Bali and Kalimantan. The highest live percentage was observed in West Java for M. alba (95%) and M. cathayana (90%), followed by Bali M. alba (85%) and M. cathayana (80%), Kalimantan M. alba (80%) and M. cathayana (75%). The best high parameter of mulberry plant in West Java for M. alba (80cm) and M. cathayana (76 cm), in Bali for M. alba (67 cm) and M. cathayana (76cm), in Kalimantan for M. alba (58 cm) and M. cathayana (50cm). The best mulberry species based on the whole parameter is M. alba in West Java. This means that West Java climate and environmental conditions are good for mulberry cultivation.
Bird diversity in transition zone of Taka Bonerate, Kepulauan Selayar Biosphere Reserve, Indonesia
Authors: PRAPTIWI RADISTI A , SAAB RONNA , SETIA TATANG MITRA , WICAKSONO GUSTI , WULANDARI PRAWESTI , SUGARDJITO JITO 
Published: March 2019

Abstract. Praptiwi RA, Saab R, Setia TM, Wicaksono G, Wulandari P, Sugardjito J. 2019. Bird diversity in transition zone of Taka Bonerate, Kepulauan Selayar Biosphere Reserve, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 819-823. Conservation management in the buffer and transition zones of Biosphere Reserves play an important role in ensuring enhanced core zone protection. Tambolongan and Polassi are two islands located in the administrative region of South Sulawesi, Indonesia, and part of the transition zone area of UNESCO’s Taka Bonerate-Kepulauan Selayar (TBKS) Biosphere Reserve (BR). These two islands can be considered as some of the most populated islands in the region, containing a variety of human activities. These human activities, such as the ever expanding agriculture and the building of human habitation have put pressures toward ecosystem and species conservation in the BR. Bird are often the focus of conservation efforts, due to their roles in supporting the ecological functioning of their habitats. This study aims to provide baseline data of bird diversity in Tambolongan and Polassi that can be used as a proxy indicator of ecosystem health and input to conservation strategies within the BR area. A Visual Encounter Survey (VES) method is used to examine bird diversity index. Results from the observation recorded a total of 29 species were found in both islands, with 5 listed as protected species and 3 categorized as migratory species. The comparison between the two islands showed that the bird diversity index (H’) differs only slightly (H’Tambolongan=2.98; H’Polassi=2.71). This study provided the initial attempt in understanding the role of habitats or land cover types, guild types and human interferences in determining the diversity of bird population - and related ecosystem health - in the area. Such knowledge is essential in providing the information necessary for sustainable management practices. This work represents the first study to inventorize avian species diversity in the transition zone of TBKS BR.
Short Communication: Investigation of leaf architectural patterns: Implications in delineating taxonomically controversial Hoya merrillii Schlechter and Hoya quinquenervia Warburg
Authors: PAGUNTALAN DIANA P , BUOT INOCENCIO E 
Published: March 2019

Abstract. Paguntalan DP, Buot JrIE. 2019. Short Communication: Investigation of leaf architectural patterns: Implications in delineating taxonomically controversial Hoya merrillii Schlechter and Hoya quinquenervia Warburg. Biodiversitas 20: 833-839. Variations in leaf traits of two very likely similar plants, Hoya merrillii Schlechter and Hoya quinquenervia Warburg were examined together with an outgroup, Hoya cagayanensis Burton. The objectives of the study are to examine the leaf architectural characteristics of Hoya merrillii and Hoya quinquenervia and use the information as an additional basis of delineation between the said species of Hoya plants. Thirty leaf samples for each species were examined for laminal and vein characters. The characters laminar size, laminar shape, number of basal veins, quinternary vein fabric, areole development and characteristics of FEVs (free-ending veins), were well-defined from either one or both species. Overall, the results showed variability between the studied plant groups using univariate and multivariate analysis. The data ordination on the morphometric traits using PCOa showed distinct groupings among studied leaf samples and yielded consistent results with the single linkage or nearest neighbor cluster dendrogram which showed distinct clustering of individual species in terms of morphometric traits that were considered in the study. Detected variations of the leaf architectural traits on the leaves of Hoya merrillii Schlechter and Hoya quinquenervia Warburg allowed for the more available basis of separation in addition to established floral morphologies that are primarily used as criteria for delineation between species. Variations in leaf architecture characters can be of great value to illustrate or imply meanings in the taxonomic relationships of the Hoya species studied.
Analysis of the condition of forest interior and edge in Mount Papandayan, West Java, Indonesia based on floristic composition and structural characteristics of tree community
Authors: SULISTYAWATI ENDAH , TIHURUA EKA FATMAWATI 
Published: March 2019

Abstract. Sulistyawati E, Tihurua EF. 2019. Analysis of the condition of forest interior and edge in Mount Papandayan, West Java, Indonesia based on floristic composition and structural characteristics of tree community. Biodiversitas 20: 900-906. Forest fragmentation creates forest edges that possess different biotic characteristic in comparison to its interior. Those differences may include difference in vegetation structure and composition, and ecological processes in the ecosystem. This study aims to compare the condition between forest interior and forest edge in Mount Papandayan and provide assessment of the overall condition of the forest based on its floristic and structural characteristics. We conducted vegetation analysis of tree in which six plots, each of 0.1 ha, were established in the forest interior and forest edge. Based on the results, species richness and diversity of tree were higher in the forest interior than the forest edge. Based on the importance value index, the proportion of co-dominant species in forest edge sites were higher than in the forest interior sites. In addition, tree density, regeneration potential, total basal area, wood density average, and biomass were higher in the forest interior than in the forest edge. Overall, Mount Papandayan suffers moderate disturbance, which follows through the intermediate disturbance hypothesis and this can be seen from its relatively high diversity index of tree yet it has moderate wood density average.
Aristotle on Perceptual Interests
Authors: Campeggiani Pia 
Published: March 2019

AbstractTraditional interpretations of Aristotle’s theory of perception mainly focus on uncovering the underlying mechanisms that are at stake when perceivers are affected by sensible qualities. Investigating the nature of sense perception is one of Aristotle’s main worries and one that he explicitly relates to the question of its causes (e. g.Sens. 436a16–17, 436b9) and its ends (e. g.de An. 434a30 ff.). Therefore I suggest that, in order to fully explain Aristotle’s view of perceptual phenomena, the possibilities, the constraints, and the goals defined by the embodied and situated engagement of perceivers with the external world must be taken into account. Accordingly, in this paper, I provide an affective reading of Aristotle’s theory of perception. I shall ask what, in addition to functioning sense organs and appropriate response mechanisms, the perceiver contributes to perceptual content. Specifically, I propose to shed light on the significance of perceptual experience for the perceiver and I aim to show that, according to Aristotle, one’s biological and personal qualities are perceptually relevant, meaning that they underpin perception, rather than coming into play after perception has occurred and its objects have been discerned. The paper is divided into two parts, respectively dealing with sensory affections and more complex affective phenomena. As regards the domain of primal sense perception, I will focus on smell as a representative example: since Aristotle identifies it as the least developed of human sensory faculties, it will serve as a revealing illustration of how sense perception is informed and qualified by what, drawing on contemporary philosophical terminology, I will call ‘perceptual interests’, viz. the affective sense of what is at stake in the living being’s interaction with the environment. I will then proceed to consider the way more complex affective phenomena underpin perception by examining the case of emotions and that of virtues of character. By showing how perception is affectively inflected and how emotion is rooted in perception’s bodily nature, I aim to sketch out the general lines along which I believe that the Aristotelian theory of perception should be approached.
Urine chloride self-measurement to monitor sodium chloride intake in patients with chronic kidney disease
Authors: Panuccio Vincenzo , Pizzini Patrizia , Parlongo Giovanna , Caridi Graziella , Tripepi Rocco , Mafrica Angela , Cutrupi Sebastiano , D’Arrigo Graziella , Porto Gaetana , Garofalo Carlo , Provenzano Michele , Tripepi Giovanni , Mallamaci Francesca , Plebani Mario , Zoccali Carmine 
Published: March 2019

Abstract

Background
Excessive sodium intake is a risk factor for hypertension, cardiovascular disease and the risk for kidney failure in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients.

Methods
We tested the diagnostic performance and the feasibility of an inexpensive method based on urine chloride strips for self-monitoring sodium intake in a series of 72 CKD patients.

Results
Twenty-four hour urinary chloride as measured by the reactive strips and 24 h urinary sodium were interrelated (r=0.59, p<0.001). Forty-nine out of 72 patients (78%) had a 24 h urinary sodium >100 mmol/24 h, i.e. the upper limit recommended by current CKD guidelines. The strip method had 75.5% sensitivity and 82.6% specificity to correctly classify patients with urine sodium >100 mmol/24 h. The positive and the negative predictive values were 90.2% and 61.3%, respectively. The overall accuracy (ROC curve analysis) of urine chloride self-measurement for the >100 mmol/24 h sodium threshold was 87% (95% CI: 77%–97%). The large majority of patients (97%) perceived the test as useful to help compliance with the prescribed dietary sodium and considered the test as simple and of immediate application (58%) or feasible but requiring attention (39%).

Conclusions
A simple and inexpensive test for urine chloride measurement has a fairly good performance for the diagnosis of excessive sodium intake. The test is feasible and it is perceived by CKD patients as helpful for enhancing compliance to the dietary sodium recommendations. The usefulness of this test for improving hypertension control in CKD patients will be tested in a clinical trial (Clinicaltrials.gov RF-2010-2314890).