bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the complexity and dynamical properties of mixed logical dynamical systems via an automaton‐based realization of discrete‐time hybrid automaton
Authors: Hejri Mohammad , Giua Alessandro , Mokhtari Hossein 
Published: August 2018

SummaryModeling of hybrid systems using mixed logical dynamical (MLD) systems is an art. The MLD framework often introduces numerous constraints and auxiliary binary and continuous variables, which, in turn, increase the computational complexity of the optimization problems. This paper presents an automaton‐based realization for discrete‐time hybrid automaton (DHA) with both controlled and uncontrolled switching phenomena by which it is attempted to develop efficient translation techniques to MLD systems and reduce the total number of decision variables in the MLD model. Based on this DHA model, a modified version of MLD systems, which is called extended MLD (EMLD) is formally defined and represented. EMLD is derived based on the concept of forward evolution in which the one‐step delay between the change of discrete states and continuous dynamics of the existing evolution in the conventional MLD systems is eliminated. The result is that the size of EMLD model in terms of the number of variables, which determines the complexity of the synthesis problems on MLD systems, is reduced. The dynamical properties such as the nonblocking, determinism, and well‐posedness of the proposed DHA and its equivalent MLD models are investigated, and the necessary and sufficient conditions are derived. The effectiveness of the proposed ideas is shown by the numerical examples.
Experimental and Theoretical Determination of the pH inside the Confinement of a Virus‐Like Particle
Authors: Maassen Stan J. , van der Schoot Paul , Cornelissen Jeroen J. L. M. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractIn biology, a variety of highly ordered nanometer‐size protein cages is found. Such structures find increasing application in, for example, vaccination, drug delivery, and catalysis. Understanding the physiochemical properties, particularly inside the confinement of a protein cage, helps to predict the behavior and properties of new materials based on such particles. Here, the relation between the bulk solution pH and the local pH inside a model protein cage, based on virus‐like particles (VLPs) built from the coat proteins of the cowpea chlorotic mottle virus, is investigated. The pH is a crucial parameter in a variety of processes and is potentially significantly influenced by the high concentration of charges residing on the interior of the VLPs. The data show a systematic more acidic pH of 0.5 unit inside the VLP compared to that of the bulk solution for pH values above pH 6, which is explained using a theoretical model based on a Donnan equilibrium. The model agrees with the experimental data over almost two orders of magnitude, while below pH 6 the experimental data point to a buffering capacity of the VLP. These results are a first step in a better understanding of the physiochemical conditions inside a protein cage.
Intracerebral EEG Artifact Identification Using Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Nejedly Petr , Cimbalnik Jan , Klimes Petr , Plesinger Filip , Halamek Josef , Kremen Vaclav , Viscor Ivo , Brinkmann Benjamin H. , Pail Martin , Brazdil Milan , Worrell Gregory , Jurak Pavel 
Published: August 2018

AbstractManual and semi-automatic identification of artifacts and unwanted physiological signals in large intracerebral electroencephalographic (iEEG) recordings is time consuming and inaccurate. To date, unsupervised methods to accurately detect iEEG artifacts are not available. This study introduces a novel machine-learning approach for detection of artifacts in iEEG signals in clinically controlled conditions using convolutional neural networks (CNN) and benchmarks the method’s performance against expert annotations. The method was trained and tested on data obtained from St Anne’s University Hospital (Brno, Czech Republic) and validated on data from Mayo Clinic (Rochester, Minnesota, U.S.A). We show that the proposed technique can be used as a generalized model for iEEG artifact detection. Moreover, a transfer learning process might be used for retraining of the generalized version to form a data-specific model. The generalized model can be efficiently retrained for use with different EEG acquisition systems and noise environments. The generalized and specialized model F1 scores on the testing dataset were 0.81 and 0.96, respectively. The CNN model provides faster, more objective, and more reproducible iEEG artifact detection compared to manual approaches.
Mental Images in Body Integrity Identity Disorder (BIID) and in Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD): An Exploratory Study
Authors: Grocholewski Anja , Bücker Carina , Kasten Erich , Osen Bernhard , Heinrichs Nina 
Published: August 2018

AbstractLittle is known about mental images (cognitive representations with sensory qualities) in body integrity identity disorder (BIID). This study aimed to determine whether individuals with BIID experience mental images and, if so, whether they differ to those experienced by individuals with body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) and healthy controls. A semi-structured interview on mental images and their qualities was delivered to a sample of 22 individuals with BIID and 19 with BDD, and 22 healthy controls. Both the BIID (n = 15, 68.2%) and BDD (n = 14, 73.7%) groups reported significantly more mental images than healthy controls (n = 3, 13.6%), but no differences between the two clinical groups were found. While mental images in BDD were focused on ‘flawed’ body parts, images in BIID involved the desired handicap. Mental images in BIID were experienced as less distressing and more sexually arousing compared to BDD. No further differences were found between the groups (e.g., regarding sensory multimodality, dominance of a specific body part). Although the two groups reported a similar frequency of mental images, images appear to serve different functions across conditions. Clinically, it may be necessary to target the positive mental images in BIID to improve treatment outcome.
FIFTY SHADES OF GREEN: INTERPRETING MAYA JADE PRODUCTION, CIRCULATION, CONSUMPTION, AND VALUE
Authors: Kovacevich Brigitte , Callaghan Michael G. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThis work addresses varying interpretations of the production, circulation, and consumption of jades in the Maya area from the Preclassic through the Postclassic periods (600b.c.–a.d.1697). Traditionally, exchange of jades has been seen as a dyadic relationship between elites (gifting and tribute). Some have argued for gradations of value in the circulation of jades, which probably circulated in both elite and commoner spheres. More recent research argues that jade blanks were commoditized because they could be standardized. In this article, we evaluate this last claim, concluding there is no evidence for standardization and commodification of jade blanks, and a dearth of jade blanks in archaeological deposits. We critique the expectation that commodities in some nonindustrial economies should be standardized, and make suggestions about what kinds of jade objects, if any, have greatest potential to become commodities in the Maya area.
Religious Revival and Deprivatization in Post-Soviet Georgia: Reculturation of Orthodox Christianity and Deculturation of Islam
Authors: Köksal Pınar , Aydıngün Ayşegül , Gürsoy Hazar Ege 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe countries of the former Soviet Union witnessed a religious revivalism in the final years of the regime, although following the collapse, the revivals of the different faith communities have had different characteristics. This article discusses the nature of the desecularization and deprivatization processes of both the Orthodox Christian Georgians and the Muslim minorities in Georgia. Based on field researches and indepth interviews conducted with elites and experts, it is argued that the revival of Orthodox Christianity in Georgia differs from the revival of Islam. While the Islamic revival has taken the form of a deculturation, very much in line with global processes, the Orthodox Christian revival is taking the form of a reculturation.
LifeLab Southampton: a programme to engage adolescents with DOHaD concepts as a tool for increasing health literacy in teenagers –a pilot cluster-randomized control trial
Authors: Woods-Townsend K. , Leat H. , Bay J. , Bagust L. , Davey H. , Lovelock D. , Christodoulou A. , Griffiths J. , Grace M. , Godfrey K. , Hanson M. , Inskip H. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractAdolescence is a critical time point in the lifecourse. LifeLab is an educational intervention engaging adolescents in understanding Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) concepts and the impact of the early life environment on future health, benefitting both their long-term health and that of the next generation. We aimed to assess whether engaging adolescents with DOHaD concepts improves scientific literacy and whether engagement alone improves health behaviours.Six schools were randomized, three to intervention and three to control. Outcome measures were changed in knowledge, and intended and actual behaviour in relation to diet and lifestyle. A total of 333 students completed baseline and follow-up questionnaires. At 12 months, intervention students showed greater understanding of DOHaD concepts. No sustained changes in behaviours were identified.Adolescents’ engagement with DOHaD concepts can be improved and maintained over 12 months. Such engagement does not itself translate into behaviour change. The intervention has consequently been revised to include additional components beyond engagement alone.
The Arp8 and Arp4 module acts as a DNA sensor controlling INO80 chromatin remodeling
Authors: Brahma Sandipan , Ngubo Mzwanele , Paul Somnath , Udugama Maheshi , Bartholomew Blaine 
Published: August 2018

AbstractNuclear actin and actin-related proteins (Arps) are key components of chromatin remodeling and modifying complexes. Although Arps are essential for the functions of chromatin remodelers, their specific roles and mechanisms are unclear. Here we define the nucleosome binding interfaces and functions of the evolutionarily conserved Arps in the yeast INO80 chromatin remodeling complex. We show that the N-terminus of Arp8, C-terminus of Arp4 and the HSA domain of Ino80 bind extranucleosomal DNA 37–51 base pairs from the edge of nucleosomes and function as a DNA-length sensor that regulates nucleosome sliding by INO80. Disruption of Arp8 and Arp4 binding to DNA uncouples ATP hydrolysis from nucleosome mobilization by disengaging Arp5 from the acidic patch on histone H2A-H2B and the Ino80-ATPase domain from the Super-helical Location (SHL) -6 of nucleosomes. Our data suggest a functional interplay between INO80’s Arp8-Arp4-actin and Arp5 modules in sensing the DNA length separating nucleosomes and regulating nucleosome positioning.
Mapping temporal-network percolation to weighted, static event graphs
Authors: Kivelä Mikko , Cambe Jordan , Saramäki Jari , Karsai Márton 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe dynamics of diffusion-like processes on temporal networks are influenced by correlations in the times of contacts. This influence is particularly strong for processes where the spreading agent has a limited lifetime at nodes: disease spreading (recovery time), diffusion of rumors (lifetime of information), and passenger routing (maximum acceptable time between transfers). We introduce weighted event graphs as a powerful and fast framework for studying connectivity determined by time-respecting paths where the allowed waiting times between contacts have an upper limit. We study percolation on the weighted event graphs and in the underlying temporal networks, with simulated and real-world networks. We show that this type of temporal-network percolation is analogous to directed percolation, and that it can be characterized by multiple order parameters.
Prediction of Ewing Sarcoma treatment outcome using attenuated tissue reflection FTIR tissue spectroscopy
Authors: Chaber Radosław , Łach Kornelia , Arthur Christopher J. , Raciborska Anna , Michalak Elżbieta , Ciebiera Krzysztof , Bilska Katarzyna , Drabko Katarzyna , Cebulski Józef 
Published: August 2018

AbstractEwing sarcoma is the second most common type of primary bone cancer and predominantly affects children and young people. Improved outcome prediction is key to delivering risk-adjusted, appropriate and effective care to cancer patients. Advances in the Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy of tissues enable it to be a non-invasive method to obtain information about the biochemical content of any biological sample. In this retrospective study, attenuated tissue reflection FTIR spectroscopy of biopsy samples from paediatric patients reveals spectral features that are diagnostic for Ewing Sarcoma. Furthermore, our results suggest that spectral features such as these may be of value for the prediction of treatment outcome independent to well-known, routinely used risk factors.
Restriction on the local realism violation in three-qubit states and its relation with tripartite entanglement
Authors: Barasiński Artur 
Published: August 2018

AbstractQuantum entanglement and non-locality are two special aspects of quantum correlations. The relationship between multipartite entanglement and non-locality is at the root of the foundations of quantum mechanics but there is still no general quantitative theory. In order to address this issue we analyze the relationship between tripartite non-locality and tripartite entanglement measure, called the three-tangle. We describe the states which give the extremal quantum values of a Bell-type inequality for a given value of the tripartite entanglement. Moreover, we show that such extremal states can be reached if one introduced an appropriate order induced by the three-π entanglement measure. Finally, we derive an analytical expression relating tripartite entanglement to the maximal violations of the Bell-type inequalities.
Investigation of optical force on magnetic nanoparticles with magnetic-fluid-filled Fabry-Perot interferometer
Authors: Yao Tianjun , Pu Shengli , Rao Jie , Zhang Jianming 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe optical force acting on the magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) is investigated with the magnetic-fluid-filled fiber-optic Fabry-Perot interferometer. The shift of interference spectra is related with the local refractive index variation in the light path, which is assigned to the optical-force-induced outward movement of MNPs. The influence of magnetic fluid’s viscosity, ambient temperature, strength and orientation of the externally applied magnetic field on the optical-force-induced MNPs’ movement is studied in details. The results of this work provide a further understanding of interaction between light and MNPs and clarify the dynamic micro-processes of MNPs within magnetic fluid under external stimuli. It may have the potentials in the fields of light-controllable magnetic-fluid-based devices and vector magnetic field detection.
Social bees are fitter in more biodiverse environments
Authors: Kaluza Benjamin F. , Wallace Helen M. , Heard Tim A. , Minden Vanessa , Klein Alexandra , Leonhardt Sara D. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractBee population declines are often linked to human impacts, especially habitat and biodiversity loss, but empirical evidence is lacking. To clarify the link between biodiversity loss and bee decline, we examined how floral diversity affects (reproductive) fitness and population growth of a social stingless bee. For the first time, we related available resource diversity and abundance to resource (quality and quantity) intake and colony reproduction, over more than two years. Our results reveal plant diversity as key driver of bee fitness. Social bee colonies were fitter and their populations grew faster in more florally diverse environments due to a continuous supply of food resources. Colonies responded to high plant diversity with increased resource intake and colony food stores. Our findings thus point to biodiversity loss as main reason for the observed bee decline.
Mechanistic role of transglutaminase-2 in focal adhesions
Authors: Png Evelyn , Hou Aihua , Tong Louis 
Published: August 2018

AbstractTransglutaminase (TG)-2 interacts with matrix proteins and integrins, forming focal adhesions (FA) to initiate cell migration, thus playing a vital role in wound healing. Previously we showed that TG-2 influenced phosphorylation of paxillin and other FA proteins. Here, we aimed to investigate the molecular mechanism of TG-2 regulation of paxillin. Human corneal epithelial cells expressing shRNA against TG-2 (shTG) and scrambled sequence control (shRNA) were cultured. TG-2 was pulled down by anti-paxillin antibody, but not MAP3K12. Cell-free interaction assay with immobilized paxillin shows that TG-2 bind to paxillin directly. JNK was the strongest kinase for paxillin phosphorylation in the in-vitro kinase screen, but TG-2 could not phosphorylate paxillin directly. Increasing TG-2 concentrations did not increase the amount of JNK in the TG-2/paxillin complex. Immunofluoresent staining shows that TG-2 colocalises with vinculin and paxillin in FA of migrating cells. TG-2 binds to paxillin and JNK-containing FA but does not recruit JNK directly. Taken together with previous findings, TG-2 binds paxillin non-covalently, and JNK can phosphorylate paxillin, these processes critically regulate corneal epithelial adhesion and migration.
Near full length genome of a recombinant (E/D) cosavirus strain from a rural area in the central region of Brazil
Authors: da Costa Antonio Charlys , Luchs Adriana , Milagres Flavio Augusto de Pádua , Komninakis Shirley Vasconcelos , Gill Danielle Elise , Lobato Márcia Cristina Alves Brito Sayão , Brustulin Rafael , das Chagas Rogério Togisaki , Abrão Maria de Fátima Neves dos Santos , Soares Cassia Vitória de Deus Alves , Deng Xutao , Sabino Ester Cerdeira , Delwart Eric , Leal Élcio 
Published: August 2018

AbstractIn the present article we report the nearly full length genome of a Cosavirus strain (BRTO-83) isolated from a child with acute gastroenteritis, and who is an inhabitant of a rural area in the central region of Brazil. The sample was previously screened and negative for both: common enteric viruses (i.e. rotavirus and norovirus), bacteria, endoparasites and helminthes. Evolutionary analysis and phylogenetic inferences indicated that the Brazilian BRTO-83 Cosavirus strain was a recombinant virus highly related to the E/D recombinant NG385 strain (Genbank JN867757), which was isolated in Nigeria from an acute flaccid paralysis patient. This is the first report of a recombinant E/D Cosavirus strain detected in Brazil, and the second genome described worldwide. Further surveillance and molecular studies are required to fully understand the epidemiology, distribution and evolution of the Cosavirus.
Fused silica optical fibers with graded index nanostructured core
Authors: Anuszkiewicz Alicja , Kasztelanic Rafal , Filipkowski Adam , Stepniewski Grzegorz , Stefaniuk Tomasz , Siwicki Bartlomiej , Pysz Dariusz , Klimczak Mariusz , Buczynski Ryszard 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe ability to shape the index profile of optical fibers holds the key to fully flexible engineering of their optical properties and future applications. We present a new approach for the development of a graded index fused silica fiber based on core nanostructurization. A graded index core is obtained by means of distribution of two types of subwavelength glass rods. The proposed method allows to obtain arbitrary graded distribution not limited to the circular or any other symmetry, such as in the standard graded index fibers. We have developed a proof of concept fiber with parabolic refractive index core and showed a perfect match between its predicted, designed and measured properties. The fiber has a core composed of 2107 rods of 190 nm of diameter made of either pure fused silica or Ge-doped fused silica with 8.5% mol concentration. The proposed method breaks the limits of standard fabrication approaches used in fused silica fiber technology.
Assessing the Use of Influenza Forecasts and Epidemiological Modeling in Public Health Decision Making in the United States
Authors: Doms Colin , Kramer Sarah C. , Shaman Jeffrey 
Published: August 2018

AbstractAlthough forecasts and other mathematical models have the potential to play an important role in mitigating the impact of infectious disease outbreaks, the extent to which these tools are used in public health decision making in the United States is unclear. Throughout 2015, we invited public health practitioners belonging to three national public health organizations to complete a cross-sectional survey containing questions on model awareness, model use, and communication with modelers. Of 39 respondents, 46.15% used models in their work, and 20.51% reported direct communication with those who create models. Over half (64.10%) were aware that influenza forecasts exist. The need for improved communication between practitioners and modelers was overwhelmingly endorsed, with over 50% of participants indicating the need for models more relevant to public health questions, increased frequency of telecommunication, and more plain language in discussing models. Model use for public health decision making must be improved if models are to reach their full potential as public health tools. Increased quality and frequency of communication between practitioners and modelers could be particularly useful in achieving this goal. It is important that improvements be made now, rather than waiting for the next public health crisis to occur.
Hsa-miR-10a-5p downregulation in mutant UQCRB-expressing cells promotes the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway
Authors: Kim Jeong Eun , Hong Ji Won , Lee Hannah S. , Kim Wankyu , Lim Jisun , Cho Yoon Shin , Kwon Ho Jeong 
Published: August 2018

AbstractUbiquinol cytochrome c reductase binding protein (UQCRB) is known to play crucial roles in the development of various types of diseases. However, the link between UQCRB and microRNAs remains unknown. In the present study, we performed microRNA sequencing of mutant UQCRB-expressing stable cell lines that exhibited pro-oncogenic activities caused by expression of the mutant UQCRB gene. Results showed that hsa-miR-10a-5p was significantly downregulated in the mutant UQCRB-expressing cell lines. Furthermore, mRNA sequencing and gene ontology analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) revealed that the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway might be activation by mutant UQCRB expression. Moreover, inhibition of cholesterol synthesis in mutant UQCRB-expressing cells via treatment with the specific inhibitors suppressed the cell proliferation. Transfection with a hsa-miR-10a-5p mimic validated that lanosterol synthase (LSS) is a target of hsa-miR-10a-5p. In addition, hsa-miR-10a-5p was found to be downregulated in liver cancer cell lines overexpressing UQCRB. Taken together, our findings highlighted the potential use of hsa-miR-10a-5p as a biomarker for UQCRB related diseases.