bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Algebraic Method for the Synthesis of Astatic Continuous-Time Control Systems
Authors: Kim D. P. 
Published: May 2019

An algebraic method for the synthesis of astatic continuous-time control systems is considered. The method is based on the construction of the desired transfer function (DTF) from given performance indicators (setting time, overshoot, etc.) and a given plant transfer function. The construction of DTF is based on the use of the desired normalized transfer function (NTF). The desired NTF is the transfer function whose denominator is a monic polynomial with unit free term and whose performance indicators, except for the setting time, coincide with those of the DTF. Therefore, one can obtain the DTF by constructing the desired NTF and then by applying the inverse transform with transformation ratio equal to the ratio of the setting time of the system to be synthesized to that of the system with the desired NTF. The desired NTF is assembled from standard NTFs. There are various standard NTFs: binomial, arithmetic, and geometric. The type of an NTF is determined by its characteristic polynomial; an NTF is said to be binomial if its characteristic polynomial is the Newton binomial and arithmetic or geometric if the roots of its characteristic polynomial form an arithmetic or a geometric progression, respectively. When constructing the desired NTF, three conditions must be met: the physical feasibility of the controller, solvability, and robustness. These three conditions determine the degrees of the characteristic equation of the system to be synthesized and the degrees of the unknown polynomials that are introduced in the synthesis process. After that, according to the given performance indicators, the type of the desired NTF is determined. Here we find only the denominator of the desired NTF. If the system to be synthesized is rth-order astatic and the plant does not contain right poles and zeros, then the numerator of the desired NTF is equal to the sum of the last r terms of the characteristic polynomial. After the system DTF has been obtained, the transfer function of the controller is determined by equating the transfer function of the closed-loop system with the DTF.
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: new in understanding and treatment approaches
Authors: Morozova E. A. , Madyakina A. A. 
Published: May 2019

Data of examination of 406 patients with the preliminary diagnosis attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are presented in the article. Only at 3rd of patients the given diagnosis has proved to be true, and at 70.4 % from them is revealed burdening perinatal background. Clinical aspects and survey results at patients with ADHD are stated in detail. The obtained data allows to draw a conclusion, what exactly a combination anteand intranatal trouble factors cause hypoxia and cerebral ischemia, underlying formation ADHD. The data of the comparative analysis of the efficacy of allopathic treatment and the osteopathic approach are presented.
Correlation of serum iron and ferritin levels in patients of cholelithiasis and comparison with healthy individuals
Authors: Dadhich Yogendra , Bhardwaj Girish , Goel Gaurab , Mandia Rajendra 
Published: May 2019

Background: Gall stones have afflicted man kinds since antiquity. Gall stone disease is prevalent, major source of morbidity and costly health problem. Presence of stones in the gallbladder is referred to as cholelithiasis, from the Greek chol-(bile)+lith (stone)+iasis-(process). If gallstones migrate into the ducts of the biliary tract, the condition is referred to as choledocholithiasis. Methods: It is case control study. Inclusion criteria were, patients aged above 18 years suffering from cholelithiasis confirmed by USG. The exclusion criteria were, patients having hematological disorder, having any systemic disease leading to iron deficiency, on drugs causing gallstones and pregnant females.Results: Study shows females were affected more in case (64%) and control (76%) group with mean age was of case (42.84 years) and control (40.64 years) group. 24% of patients was anaemic in cases. The mean serum cholesterol between cases and control was statistical insignificant (p=0.252). The mean serum ferritin between cases and control was statistical insignificant (p=0.800).Conclusions: The study of 100 cases, based on serum iron, serum cholesterol, serum ferritin and hemoglobin, concludes that the disease is more prevalent in female gender. Serum ferritin association is insignificant as it increases other condition with inflammation also. Low serum iron level associated with high risk of cholelithiasis as this may lead to super saturation of bile.
Study on the prevalence of dyslipidemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Dayakar Eda , Sree C. Sathya , Sanjay E. 
Published: May 2019

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a common health problem globally. Dyslipidaemia is a major risk factor to develop cardiovascular disease in diabetics. They present study was undertaken to find out the prevalence of dyslipidaemia in type 2 diabetic patients.Methods: The present study was a cross sectional study consisting of 46 (23 male and 23 female) known type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Age, gender, duration of diabetes, body mass index (BMI) was recorder in all the diabetic patients. Fasting blood glucose levels, total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL, LDL, VLDL levels were measured using standard methods and recorded.Results: The average total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, HDL and VLDL were 200±42mg/dl, 169.62±89.79mg/dl, 132.45±36.38mg/dl,39.1±16.6mg/dl and 35.85±17.09mg/dl respectively. The incidence of occurrence of hypercholesterolemia was 58.6% and hypertriglyceridemia 36.9%. Increased levels of LDL were observed in 30 (65.2%) patients and reduced HDL was observed in 43 (93.4%) patients. The incidence rate of dyslipidaemia was higher in female diabetic patients when compared to male diabetic patients.Conclusions: Awareness on the dyslipidaemia and its risk factors should be provided to the type 2 diabetic patients as they are more prone to get cardiovascular disease and lipid profile also should be monitored regularly along with blood glucose levels.
Correlation Between Dust Exposure, Individual Characteristic to Lung Functionin Merchants Around Gresik Industrial Area
Authors: Helmy Rachmania 
Published: May 2019

Dust is one of the air pollutants that have high toxicity level. Merchants society are risk groups exposed to respiratory system disorders, especially lung physiology problem. This study aims to analyze the correlation between dust exposure and individual characteristic with lung function on permanent merchants around Gresik industrial area. This research was a quantitative observational research with cross sectional design. Sample on The research are 13 merchants at exposed area as study group and 11 merchants at non exposed area as control group. Independent variables studied are individual characteristics and exposure to dust, while the dependent variable is the lungs physiological status. Data were collected by questionnaires for individual characteristics and spirometer to assess lung physiological status. The result showed that air quality such as dust was exceeded from environmental quality standards at study group area. Based on chi square statistical test, individual characteristics correlated to the lung physiological status of the study group traders were age and duration of exposure. There was a correlation of dust exposure to the lung physiological status of merchants around the industrial area of Manyar District, Gresik. Thereis a difference in lung physiology status between the two groups with a p value of 0.000. The conclusion of this study is there was a correlation between dust exposure,age, and duration of exposure to the lung physiological status of merchants around the industrial area of Manyar District, Gresik.
CREATIVE THINKING SKILL AS AN IMPORTANT ASPECT IN DISRUPTIVE ERA
Authors: Pamungkas Tri Yuda Bekti , Winahyu Restu Peni 
Published: May 2019

<p><em>Disruptive era is a change of achievement towards a better innovation. Education is one of priority to prepare human resources to confront the disruptive era. As educational actor, student must have an important think one of that is creative thinking skill. Creative thinking skill is the basis for progress of quality and the mentality of the student. Creative thinking is the way to prepare disruptive era as the complexity of competitive. As the effective execution, creative thinking will increase the cognitive processes, held to depend on the strategies employed in process execution and the knowledge being used in problem solving. This paper uses the method of theory study. It so we make a result by some of the theory and made conclusion about the important creative thinking skill in disruptive era. Creative thinking skill is the one of the main stimulus to create gold era on 2045.</em></p>
WITHDRAWN: 1H NMR-based metabolomics investigation of dietary soybean meal supplementation in hybrid sturgeon (Acipenser. baerii ♀× A. schrenckii ♂)”
Authors: Yue Hua-mei , Wu Jin-ping , Ruan Rui , Ye Huan , Chen Xi-hua , Li Chuang-ju 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Background: Soybean proteins is the most widely alternative protein sources for fish meal in aquafeed. However, soybean meal (SBM) substitution imposes negative influences such as growth restriction and intestinal inflammation. Limited reports were concentrated on the metabolic alterations in fish.
Results: A ten-week feeding trial was conducted to examine the effect of dietary SBM replacement on growth performance, blood chemistry and metabolism in hybrid sturgeon. It was showed that 25% SBM substitution acquired the highest weight gain, with hepatosomatic index reduced significantly in the 50% and 100% SBM supplement groups. Besides, SBM diet led to significant increase of the glutamic-pyruvic transaminase concentration in the 100% SBM diet group. Moreover, SBM diets higher than 50% resulted in obvious hepatic injury of lipid droplet accumulation by histological analysis. 1H NMR method was applied to detect metabolite changes in liver and blood. Totally, 47 and 50 representative metabolites were screened in liver and serum, respectively. The subsequent PLS-DA analysis identified 23 in liver and 16 in serum of metabolites affected by SBM substitution through pairwise comparisons, respectively. The following pathway enrichment revealed 15 in liver and 18 in serum of perturbed pathways, respectively. Among them, pathway of phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis with two differentiated metabolites (phenylalanine and tyrosine) involved deserved the highest impact factor, which indicated severe liver damage by SBM diets.
Conclusions: It was summarized that 250 g/kg of SBM replacement from fish meal did not negatively affect parameters of growth performance, blood chemistry, liver structure and metabolism in hybrid sturgeon. More than 500 g/kg SBM substitution caused severe liver damage and metabolomics disorder. These results provide an important insight into the understanding of SBM diet-induced metabolic perturbation in sturgeons.
Obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome patients prone to developing anisometropia
Authors: Zhao Hua-Xuan , Gao Ying-Ying , Chen Xiao-Yang , Zeng Yi-Ming 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Objective: This study aims to investigate anisometropia in obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome patients.
Methods: The obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome cohort was divided into groups according to sleeping position: positional obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome group (OSA-S group) (n=32), subjects who slept on their sides, and non-positional obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome group (OSA-NS group) (n =29), subjects who did not sleep on their sides. The incidence of anisometropia, values of corneal topography, and ocular axial length were compared between groups, and the incidence of anisometropia at different degrees of obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome severity was analyzed.
Results: The obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome groups had a significantly higher incidence of anisometropia than the control group. The OSA-S group had a significantly higher incidence of anisometropia compared with the other groups. There was a significant difference in the incidence of anisometropia between the two obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome subgroups with different degrees of severity. The obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome groups had significantly higher surface regularity index, surface asymmetry index and cylinder values than the control group. In the OSA-S group, the surface regularity index, surface asymmetry index and cylinder of the eye on the preferred sleeping side were significantly higher than those in the contralateral eye. The ocular axial length of the eye was significantly greater on the preferred sleeping side than in the contralateral eye in the 22 patients with anisometropia in the OSA-S group (P<0.05).
Conclusions: obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome patients who usually sleep on one side are prone to developing anisometropia, and the incidence of anisometropia is associated with the severity of obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome.
Investigated of vitreous and serum Asymmetric Dimethylarginine levels in diabetic retinopathy
Authors: Alpay Atilla , Özcan Özlem , Uğurbaş Sılay Cantürk , N Suat Hayri Uğurbaş 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Purpose

To investigate the intravitreal and blood Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) level in diabetic retinopathy (DR).

Materials and Methods

Twenty eyes of 20 patients with DR with the decision of vitrectomy, and 20 eyes of 20 patients without diabetes as a control group were included in the study. During vitrectomy, vitreous and minimum 3ml peripheral blood samples were taken simultaneously. Serum and vitreous ADMA levels were compared between the two groups.

Results

The serum ADMA level was higher in the diabetic group compared to the non-diabetic group (p=0,009). However, there was no statistically significant difference between the mean vitreous ADMA levels. There was no correlation between serum and vitreous ADMA levels.

Conclusion

In patients with diabetic retinopathy, serum ADMA levels increased, but no increase in vitreous ADMA levels was detected.
Acute respiratory tract infections among hospitalized Palestinian patients: a retrospective study
Authors: Seir Rania Abu , Njoum Wafa' , Najajrah Rawan , Najjar Dania , Ashour Mariam , Asakra Bassam , Samman Nahla , Najjar Osama 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Background: Respiratory tract infections (RTIs) are a major public health concern. This study aims to investigate the profiles and epidemiological characteristics of acute RTIs and respiratory pathogens in Palestinian hospitalized patients.
Methods: Clinical samples from hospitalized patients with symptoms of acute RTIs admitted between January 2011 and December 2016 are referred to Palestinian Central Public Health Laboratory (PHCL) to identify the causative pathogen. Patients’ demographic information and the results of the molecular identification were retrieved from the electronic database at the PHCL. The results of the detections were analyzed to explore the distribution of pathogens resulting in hospitalization among patients with RTIs across age, gender, region, year and season.
Results: A total of 15413 patients with acute RTIs were hospitalized during the study period. The causal agent was identified only in 28.7% of the patients. Overall, influenza viruses were the most common cause of RTIs among hospitalized Palestinian patients in the West Bank. The elderly population (≥60 years old) had the highest rates. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and Bordetella pertussis (B. pertussis ) followed influenza, respectively. Children showed the highest hospitalization rates for these two infections along with adenovirus, enterovirus and Streptococcus pneumoniae. Outbreaks of RTIs occurred mainly during winter (between December and March).
Conclusions: Influenza viruses are the major cause acute RTIs among hospitalized patients in the West Bank. Children and elderlies have the highest risk for RTIs. The reoccurrence of B. pertussis in spite of vaccination is alarming and requires further investigation.
Effectiveness of Routine Physical Therapy with and without Eccentric Loading Training for the Rehabilitation of Rotator Cuff Tendinopathy
Authors: Fatima Arooj , Ahmed Ashfaq 
Published: May 2019

To determine and compare the effectiveness of routine physical therapy with and without eccentric strength training in patients with rotator cuff (RC) tendinopathy. This single blinded randomized clinical trial was conducted at University Physical therapy and Rehabilitation clinic, Raiwind road, Lahore.The study included sample size of 50 subjects diagnosed with rotator cuff tendinopathy. Patients included in study were allocated randomly into; Group-A: This group was treated with routine physiotherapy treatment. Group-B: In this group, subjects were trained with eccentric loading exercises along with routine physiotherapy treatment. The outcome measures were pain intensity measured by using Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and functional outcome measured by quick Disabilities of arm, shoulder and hand (DASH) questionnaire. The p-values were found to be significant for VAS (0.001) and for DASH (0.000). The paired sample t-test was applied in two sub groups of group A and similarly in group-B. The values were statistically significant i.e., 0.001 for VAS, 0.000 for DASH. P-values obtained for VAS (0.001) and DASH (0.000) when repeated measure analysis of variance (ANOVA) was applied comparing four sub groups. Eccentric exercises give better results in reducing pain intensity and gaining functional outcome with routine physiotherapy maneuvers in subjects having rotator cuff tendinopathy. Eccentric loading training for the cure of shoulder pain due to rotator cuff tendinopathy has confirmed to be more helpful in aiding pain, and fixing functional impairment in patients having rotator cuff tendinopathy than routine physiotherapy treatment methods.
Extended Fenton's process: toward improving biodegradability of drilling wastewater
Authors: Ding Ran , Wang Yanming , Chen Xing , Gao Yingxin , Yang Min 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
In this study, an extended Fenton process was used to improve biodegradability of the waste drilling mud containing bio-refractory polymers. Variation of biodegradability and organics with different molecular weights with the oxidation time were investigated during the Fenton oxidation process. Although the residual total organic carbon (TOC) arrived at a stable level soon after oxidation reaction, organics with the lower molecular weight increased and its biodegradability was improved significantly in the extended oxidation process, which originated from decomposition of residual H2O2 catalyzed by transformation of the Fe3+/Fe2+ and organoradicals. Under the conditions that follow: pH 3.0, H2O2 500 mg L−1, Fe2+ 250 mg L−1, oxidation time 120 min, further TOC removal of 35.9% and biochemical oxygen demand and total organic carbon (BOD/TOC) ratio of 0.83 was achieved. At the biological test, a substantial increase in TOC degradation by biological treatment with extension of Fenton oxidation time was observed. Finally, more than 90% biological removal of the TOC was achieved for the 120 min oxidation treatment. The experimental results highlight that an extended process can be adopted to improve the biodegradability of wastewater by utilization of the slow reaction of hydrogen peroxide with Fe3+ and organoradicals.
Antiulcer and Antioxidant Activity of a Lectin from Mucuna pruriens Seeds on Ethanol- induced Gastropathy: Involvement of Alpha-2 Adrenoceptors and Prostaglandins
Authors: Pinto Isabela Ribeiro , Chaves Hellíada V. , Vasconcelos Auriana S. , de Sousa Francisca Clea F , Santi-Gadelha Tatiane , de Lacerda José Thalles Jocelino Gomes , Ribeiro Kátia Alves , Freitas Raul Sousa , Maciel Lara Mendes , Filho Samuel Mateus Pereira , Viana Ana Flávia Seraine Custódio , de Almeida Gadelha Carlos Alberto , Filho Gerardo Cristino , de Paulo Teixeira Pinto Vicente , Pereira Karuza Maria Alves , Rodrigues e Silva Antonio Alfredo , Bezerra Mirna Marques 
Published: May 2019

Ethnopharmacological Relevance:Mucuna pruriens (Mp) belongs to Leguminosae family, it is native of tropical regions and used to treat several maladies such as urinary, neurological, and menstruation disorders, constipation, edema, fever, tuberculosis, ulcers, diabetes, arthritis, dysentery, and cardiovascular diseases. Mp seeds are rich in bioactive compounds, for instance, lectins, a heterogeneous group of proteins and glycoproteins with a potential role as therapeutic tools for several conditions, including gastric disorders. This study investigated the acute toxicity, gastroprotective, and antioxidant activities of a lectin from Mucuna pruriens seeds (MpLec) on ethanol-induced gastropathy model in mice.Materials & Methods:Mice received MpLec (5 or 10 mg/kg; i.v.) and were observed for acute toxicity signs; in another experimental series, mice were pre-treated with MpLec (0.001; 0.01 or 0.1 mg/kg, i.v.), ranitidine (80 mg/kg, p.o.), or saline (0.3 mL/30g, i.v.) before ethanol 99.9% (0.2 mL/animal, p.o.), and euthanized 30 min after ethanol challenge. Macroscopic and microscopic gastric aspects, biochemical parameters (tissue hemoglobin levels, iron-induced lipid peroxidation, GSH content, SOD activity, and gastric mucosal PGE2) were measured. Additionally, pharmacological tools (yohimbine, indomethacin, naloxone, L-NAME) were opportunely used to clarify MpLec gastroprotective mechanisms of action.Results:No toxicity signs nor death were observed at acute toxicity tests. MpLec reduced ethanol-induced gastric damage, edema, and hemorrhagic patches formation, as well as decreased lipid peroxidation, SOD activity, and increased GSH content. Yohimbine and indomethacin prevented MpLec effects, suggesting the involvement of alpha-2 adrenoceptors and prostaglandins in the MpLec-mediated effects.Conclusion:MpLec does not present toxicity signs and shows gastroprotective and antioxidant activities via alpha-2 adrenoceptors and prostaglandins in the ethanol-induced gastropathy model.
Effect of Supervised Exercise Program on Individuals in Peripheral Arterial Disease with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus - A Systematic Review
Authors: Arora Esha , Maiya Arun G. , Devasia Tom , Bhat Rama , Kamath Ganesh 
Published: May 2019

Background:
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is usually accompanied by various micro
and macro vascular complications. Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) is one of the major complications
of diabetes which is accountable for morbidity and mortality throughout the world. The first line of
treatment in these individuals is life style modification and exercise. There is a dearth of literature on
effect of supervised exercise program in PAD with T2DM on quality of life, walking impairment,
change in Ankle Brachial Index (ABI) values. So, we conducted a systematic review to explore the
available literature on supervised exercise program in PAD with T2DM.

Methods:
We conducted a systematic review (PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL and Cochrane) to
summarise the evidence on a supervised exercise program in PAD with T2DM. Randomised and nonrandomised
studies were included in the review.

Results:
Three studies met the inclusion criteria. The outcomes taken into accounts by the studies were
the quality of life, walking impairment questionnaire, Ankle brachial index. Neither of the studies
matched in their supervised exercise program nor in their outcome.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, the data evaluating the supervised exercise program in PAD with T2DM is
inadequate to determine its effect on this population. Future large-scale studies can be conducted on
both subjective and objective outcomes of PAD with T2DM to have a better understanding of the condition
and for a universally acceptable exercise program for these individuals which the healthcare
practitioners can use in their practice.