bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Income-Related Disparities in Mortality Among Young Adults With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Kim Ji Yoon , Park Sojeong , Park Minae , Kim Nam Hoon , Kim Sin Gon 
Published: November 2024

ImportancePrevious studies have indicated an inverse association between income and mortality. However, differences in health outcomes according to the income level of young adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D) compared with older adults with T2D have not been elucidated.ObjectiveTo estimate the overall and cause-specific mortality risks among patients with T2D according to income and age.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis retrospective nationwide cohort study in South Korea included adults aged 20 to 79 years who were diagnosed with T2D between January 1, 2008, and December 31, 2013, and followed up until December 31, 2019, and age- and sex-matched controls without diabetes. Data were analyzed between January 1, 2023, and August 27, 2024.Main Outcomes and MeasuresRisks of all-cause, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality were estimated according to participants’ income, which was categorized into 3 levels (low, middle, and high) based on the health insurance premium. Logistic regression analyses and Cox proportional hazard regression analyses were performed according to age groups (20-39, 40-59, and 60-79 years).ResultsA total of 1 240 780 adults (604 975 patients with T2D and 635 805 age- and sex-matched controls without diabetes) were included in the analyses. Their mean (SD) age was 56.9 (11.8) years, and 626 176 (50.5%) were men. Overall, the risk of mortality increased with lower income among patients with T2D, as well as in comparison with controls without diabetes. There was an inverse association between income and mortality risk in younger individuals (adjusted hazard ratios of all-cause mortality in the low income vs high income subgroups with T2D were 2.88 [95% CI, 2.25-3.69] in those aged 20 to 39 years, 1.90 [95% CI, 1.81-2.00] in those aged 40 to 59 years, and 1.26 [95% CI, 1.23-1.29] in those aged 60 to 79 years; P &amp;lt; .001 for comparing risk ratios between age groups). The pattern of income-related disparities in younger individuals was observed in cardiovascular mortality but less in cancer mortality.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cohort study of 1 240 780 individuals aged 20 to 79 years, the risk of mortality with low income was most prominent among individuals with T2D aged 20 to 39 years. These findings highlight the need for socioeconomic support to reduce income-related health disparities in younger individuals.
Bioinspired Passive Cooling Hydrogel for Visualizing Hygroscopicity and Desorption Process
Authors: Yang Yabi , Zhou Xiaohe , Ji Xiaofan , Liu Wanpeng , Li Qingyun , Zhu Chuanbiao , Li Xiaolong , Liu Shuang , Lu Xiang , Qu Jinping 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSelf‐hygroscopic hydrogels, characterized by high evaporation enthalpy, cooling efficiency, and self‐regulating properties, have garnered significant attention. However, most current research focuses on enhancing the hygroscopic and desorption performance, often overlooking the importance of monitoring the self‐regulation process, which limits its further application. Advanced visualization technologies, such as in situ electrical impedance tomography, low‐field nuclear magnetic resonance, and hyperspectral imaging, offer potential insights into this behavior, yet they often require additional devices, incur high costs, and involve complex sample preparation processes. Therefore, drawing inspiration from nature, humidity‐color‐sensitive hydrogels (HCSHs) strategy is proposed for visualized cooling. Benefiting from the strong polar responsiveness of the aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) molecules, the hydrogel's fluorescence significantly changes with varying interior water content, thereby its self‐regulation process is monitored easily. Further, the obtained hydrogel could be applied in the electronic device cooling owing to the polymer skeletons’ high swelling ratio, strong adhesion, and excellent self‐hygroscopic properties. This strategy overcomes current limitations in the visual technology of self‐hygroscopic materials and provides new insights into intelligent thermal management for electronic devices.
Dual Modulation of Hydroxyl Action on Ruthenium Surface by Single‐Atom Supports for Alkaline H2 Evolution
Authors: Wang Di , Liu Wen , Wang Haining , Lu Shanfu , Li Yunqi , Guo Shaojun , Xiang Yan 
Published: November 2024

AbstractRuthenium (Ru)‐based catalysts are known to accelerate the slow kinetics of the alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). However, enhancing the transfer kinetics of adsorbed hydroxyl (OHad) remains challenging. Herein, a dual‐regulation strategy is presented to alleviate OH blockage on the catalyst surface, using a cluster‐level Ru electrocatalyst supported by single‐atom CoN4 generated in situ on carbon nanotubes (CNTs). Experimental and theoretical studies demonstrate that introducing oxophilic single‐atom CoN4 can mitigate the strong interaction between Ru and OHad by directly competing for OHad on the Ru surface, thereby preventing Ru site poisoning. Meanwhile, single‐atom CoN4 effectively modifies the electronic structure of Ru atomic clusters (ACs), indirectly optimizing the energy barriers for OH desorption at the Ru interface and promoting OHad release. The electronic interaction between Ru ACs and CoN4 also inhibits Ru atom migration, significantly enhancing catalytic stability. The resulting catalyst shows excellent HER activity at 10 mA cm−2 with a low overpotential of 15 mV in alkaline solution and remains stable at 200 mA cm−2 for over 1000 h. An alkaline anion‐exchange membrane water electrolyzer (AEMWE) using this catalyst can exhibit an ultralow potential (1.785 V at 1 A·cm−2) and high stability at 500 mA·cm−2.
Structural Regulation of P2‐Type Layered Oxide with Anion/Cation Codoping Strategy for Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Wang Xu , Yang Zixiang , Chen Dongliang , Lu Bin , Zhang Qinghua , Hou Yang , Wu Zhenguo , Ye Zhizhen , Li Tongtong , Lu Jianguo 
Published: November 2024

AbstractP2‐type layered transition metal oxides are potential cathodes for sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs), but they commonly suffer from severe capacity degradation owing to multiple phase transitions and Na+/vacancy ordering during the extraction/insertion process. An anionic/cationic co‐doping strategy at high sodium contents is proposed to effectively achieve high‐rate and long‐term stability of P2‐Na0.67Ni0.33Mn0.67O2. The resulting Na0.75Mg0.1Ni0.23Mn0.67O1.95F0.05 (NMNMOF) cathode delivers a reversible capacity of 116 mAh g−1 at 75 mA g−1 and maintains an initial capacity of 73% at 1500 mA g−1 after 1000 cycles. The Mg/F anionic/cationic co‐doping strategy impacts the local environment of the surrounding transition metal and oxygen, regulates the electron distribution, and modifies the initial diffusion state of Na sites, enhancing the diffusion ability of Na+. Moreover, the phase transition of P2‐O2 is well suppressed and the decrease in Mn3+ content greatly alleviates the Jahn–Teller effect to enhance structural stability. The full‐cell devices with NMNMOF cathode and hard carbon anode demonstrate a high capacity of 80 mAh g−1 at 10 C and an excellent cycle life of over 500 cycles for applications. The anionic/cationic co‐doping strategy will inspire the rational design of P2‐type layered oxides and provide a new perspective for advanced SIBs.
High‐Yield Bioproduction of Extracellular Vesicles from Stem Cell Spheroids via Millifluidic Vortex Transport
Authors: Thouvenot Elliot , Charnay Laura , Burshtein Noa , Guigner Jean‐Michel , Dec Léonie , Loew Damarys , Silva Amanda K.A. , Lindner Anke , Wilhelm Claire 
Published: November 2024

AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs) are emerging as novel therapeutics, particularly in cancer and degenerative diseases. Nevertheless, from both market and clinical viewpoints, high‐yield production methods using minimal cell materials are still needed. Herein, a millifluidic cross‐slot chip is proposed to induce high‐yield release of biologically active EVs from less than three million cells. Depending on the flow rate, a single vortex forms in the outlet channels, exposing transported cellular material to high viscous stresses. Importantly, the chip accommodates producer cells within their physiological environment, such as human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) spheroids, while facilitating their visualization and individual tracking within the vortex. This precise control of viscous stresses at the spheroid level allows for the release of up to 30000 EVs per cell at a Reynolds number of ≈400, without compromising cellular integrity. Additionally, it reveals a threshold initiating EV production, providing evidence for a stress‐dependent mechanism governing vesicle secretion. EVs mass‐produced at high Reynolds displayed pro‐angiogenic and wound healing capabilities, as confirmed by proteomic and cytometric analysis of their cargo. These distinct molecular signatures of these EVs, compared to those derived from monolayers, underscore the critical roles of the production method and the 3D cellular environment in EV generation.
Oriented and Continuous Phase Epitaxy Enabled by A Highly Dendrite‐Resistant Plane Toward Super‐High Areal Capacity Zinc Metal Batteries
Authors: Wang Yangyang , Chen Chunxia , Xu Ao , Lv Jiaxin , Huang Miao , Ren Tiantian , Bai Jinbo , Wang Hui , Liu Xiaojie 
Published: November 2024

AbstractUnstable Zn metal anodes with dendrites/side reactions are becoming the main obstacle to the practical application of zinc‐based aqueous batteries. Epitaxial growth has been considered to be an effective strategy for solving these issues, especially for inducing the (002) plane growth. Nonetheless, the (002)‐textured Zn is difficult to achieve highly stable Zn anode under high capacity resulting from its large lattice distortion. Herein, the Cu single atom anchored polymeric carbon nitride (Cu@PCN) is synthesized by a facile thermal polymerization method. Serving as multifunctional protective layer on Zn surface, the Cu@PCN can provide massive nucleation sites at a nano‐level and uniformize the electron distribution through coordination engineering. Optimizing the coordination structures of single Cu and N atoms within the carbon matrix enables a redistribution for electric field and regulates ion flux. More importantly, this coordination strategy with single atoms is first reported to customize oriented and continuous phase epitaxy along highly dendrite‐resistant Zn(101) plane by reducing (101) surface energy. This pattern of oriented dense deposition leads to stable and reversible Zn plating/stripping is achieved, which delivers an extended cycling life of 550 h at 10 A cm−2, 20 mAh cm−2. The practical full cell also displays stable performance for 1200 cycles.
Possibly more favorable short‐term outcomes with minimally invasive surgery than with open surgery in total gastrectomy for locally advanced gastric cancer: A single high‐volume center study
Authors: Ri Motonari , Hayami Masaru , Ohashi Manabu , Makuuchi Rie , Irino Tomoyuki , Sano Takeshi , Nunobe Souya 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundMinimally invasive total gastrectomy (MTG) requires advanced surgical skills and is still associated with a higher rate of postoperative complications than other types of gastrectomy. Additionally, the short‐term outcomes of MTG compared to open total gastrectomy (OTG) for locally advanced gastric cancer have yet to be demonstrated.MethodsWe retrospectively compared short‐term outcomes between MTG and OTG for locally advanced gastric and esophago‐gastric junctional cancer, performed at the Cancer Institute Hospital, Tokyo, during the period from January 2017 to March 2024. Propensity score matching (PSM) was conducted to adjust for potential confounders.ResultsIn total, 359 patients were included, with 190 remaining after PSM, resulting in 95 in each group. The MTG group experienced a significantly lower incidence of postoperative complications of Clavien–Dindo classification (C‐D) ≥3 than the OTG group (3.2% vs. 11.6%, p = 0.026). Moreover, the rate of postoperative intra‐abdominal infectious complications (IAIC) was significantly lower in the MTG than in the OTG group (C‐D ≥ 2; 7.4% vs. 17.9%, p = 0.029 and C‐D ≥ 3; 2.1% vs. 9.5%, p = 0.030, respectively). Subgroup analyses showed the odds ratios for IAIC with C‐D ≥ 2 to be more favorable for the MTG than the OTG group in male patients, those ≥70 years of age, patients without esophageal invasion, those without neoadjuvant chemotherapy, those diagnosed with cT≥3, and patients not undergoing combined resection of other organs except for the gallbladder or spleen.ConclusionsMTG for locally advanced gastric cancer may provide improved short‐term outcomes compared to OTG, when performed or supervised by surgeons with high proficiency in laparoscopic techniques.
Morphological characteristics of the unique periodontal structure in dolphins
Authors: Kodera Ryo , Kajinishi Yukiko , Uekusa Yasuhiro , Ito Kai , Kodera Haruto , Ishikawa Misao , Kuroda Noriyuki , Shiozaki Kazunari , Endo Hideki 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAlthough toothed whales have dentition peculiar to mammals, little attention has been paid to the periodontal tissues that support these characteristic teeth. In this study, we clarified the anatomical characteristics of the periodontal tissue in several species of Delphinidae through three‐dimensional observation using micro‐computed tomography, histological observations using decalcified sections, and immunohistochemical analysis. The results indicated that the teeth and the periodontal tissues of dolphins are morphologically unique among mammals. The alveolar bone was both crude and spongy. The lamina dura, a radiopaque line observed in the alveolar bone of common mammals, was thin in dolphins, and the teeth were attached to the trabeculae with the periodontal ligament (PDL). The alveolar sockets were massive for the size of the teeth. The PDL, a collagen fiber that fills the periodontal space, was well‐developed and peculiarly divided into two layers. The inner layer fibers radially spread out from the cementum, similar to the PDL in common mammals. However, the outer layer fibers penetrate the spongy bone in a complicated manner. The interstitial space between the inner and outer layers contained nerve fiber bundles that were thicker than those found in the PDL of other mammals. Sensory receptor‐like structures were observed at the terminal ends of the nerve fibers. These findings indicated that the dolphin PDL is more sensitive to dental stimuli than those of other mammals, suggesting that the dolphin dentition plays a functional role as a sensory receptor, similar to tactile hair.
Epigenetic Ageing and Breast Cancer Risk: A Systematic Review
Authors: McLennan Emily , Li Danmeng Lily , Southey Melissa C. , Dugué Pierre‐Antoine 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundAge is one of the strongest risk factors for breast cancer. Measures of biological age based on DNA methylation have gained popularity for their strong association with risk of many diseases, including cancer, which may help to identify high‐risk subgroups for targeted prevention.MethodsWe carried out a systematic review of prospective studies that examined the association of methylation‐based markers of ageing with risk of invasive breast cancer in healthy (breast cancer‐free) women, published up to May 2023. The search of three databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE and Web of Science) identified 2913 individual abstracts eligible for screening. Risk of bias assessment was conducted using ROBINS‐E.ResultsTen prospective studies met the eligibility criteria, and these were heterogeneous in design and findings. The most frequently assessed epigenetic ageing measures were Horvath's first‐generation clock, PhenoAge and GrimAge. Four studies reported mainly positive associations, five null associations and one reported a negative association. These associations were generally weak and the results were not consistent across epigenetic ageing measures.ConclusionThe summarised evidence is insufficient to support a role for current epigenetic ageing measures to stratify breast cancer risk.PROSPERO Registration: This systematic review was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO: CRD42023417559)
Long‐term risk of heart failure in patients with postoperative atrial fibrillation following non‐cardiac surgery: Insights from a nationwide cohort
Authors: Karacan Munise N. , Yafasova Adelina , Fosbøl Emil L. , Tas Amine , Al‐Chaer Katia , Gundlund Anna , Gustafsson Finn , Stahl Anna , Schou Morten , Wolsk Emil , Dridi Nadia P. , Køber Lars , Butt Jawad H. 
Published: November 2024

AimsAtrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with heart failure (HF). However, it is unclear if postoperative AF (POAF) following non‐cardiac surgery differs from non‐surgical AF in terms of the risk of HF. We compared the long‐term rate of incident HF in patients developing new‐onset POAF following non‐cardiac surgery with patients who did not develop POAF following non‐cardiac surgery and patients with non‐surgical non‐valvular AF (NVAF).Methods and resultsUsing Danish nationwide registries, all patients aged ≥30 years who developed POAF following non‐cardiac surgery (1996–2020) were identified and matched in a 1:3 ratio by age, sex, surgery type (only for the surgery group), selected comorbidities, and inclusion year with patients without POAF following non‐cardiac surgery and individuals with NVAF, respectively. A total of 2270 patients with POAF were matched with 6810 patients without POAF following non‐cardiac surgery, and 1846 patients with POAF were matched with 5538 patients with NVAF. The median follow‐up was 7.2 years. Compared with patients without POAF, those with POAF had a higher associated long‐term rate of incident HF (2.6 vs. 1.2 events per 100 person‐years; adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 2.39, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.06–2.78). Compared with individuals with NVAF, patients with POAF did not have a significantly different rate of incident HF (2.7 vs. 3.0 events per 100 person‐years; adjusted HR 0.89, 95% CI 0.78–1.03).ConclusionPatients with new‐onset POAF following non‐cardiac surgery had a higher associated long‐term rate of incident HF compared to those without POAF, with no significant difference in the rate of incident HF when compared to patients with NVAF.
Flattering or embarrassing your boss? An integrated perspective on newcomers' ingratiation, supervisors' responses, and work outcomes
Authors: Wu Shaoxue , Zheng Michelle Xue , Ni Dan , Chen Chong , Wang Manyi , Wu Wen , Zhai Huaiyuan 
Published: November 2024

SummaryIngratiation seems to be extremely useful in the initial stage of interpersonal interaction. Recently, scholars have drawn attention to the role of ingratiation in the special context of newcomer socialization, arguing that ingratiation can help newcomers build a positive image in the work setting. In this research, we first propose that two types of ingratiation—excessive ingratiation and seamless ingratiation—can be distinguished and develop a measurement instrument for them. Second, based on affective events theory, we explore how newcomers' excessive ingratiation and seamless ingratiation lead to different socialization outcomes by stimulating distinct emotional and behavioral responses from their supervisors. The results of two experiments and a multisource weekly survey conducted for 10 consecutive weeks reveal that newcomers' excessive ingratiation triggers supervisors' embarrassment and interaction avoidance, and ultimately hinders newcomer socialization; in contrast, seamless ingratiation evokes supervisors' pride and information sharing and ultimately promotes socialization outcomes. Supervisor narcissism weakens the relationship between excessive ingratiation and embarrassment but strengthens the relationship between seamless ingratiation and pride. Theoretical contributions, practical implications, and directions for future research are discussed.
Gut Microbial Metabolites and Future Risk of Parkinson's Disease: A Metabolome‐Wide Association Study
Authors: Zhao Yujia , Lai Yunjia , Darweesh Sirwan K.L. , Bloem Bastiaan R. , Forsgren Lars , Hansen Johnni , Katzke Verena A. , Masala Giovanna , Sieri Sabina , Sacerdote Carlotta , Panico Salvatore , Zamora‐Ros Raul , Sánchez Maria‐Jose , Huerta José María , Guevara Marcela , Vinagre‐Aragon Ana , Vineis Paolo , Lill Christina M. , Miller Gary W. , Peters Susan , Vermeulen Roel 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundAlterations in gut microbiota are observed in Parkinson's disease (PD). Previous studies on microbiota‐derived metabolites in PD were small‐scale and post‐diagnosis, raising concerns about reverse causality.ObjectivesOur goal was to prospectively investigate the association between plasma microbial metabolites and PD risk within a metabolomics framework.MethodsA nested case–control study within the prospective EPIC4PD cohort, measured pre‐diagnostic plasma microbial metabolites using untargeted metabolomics.ResultsThirteen microbial metabolites were identified nominally associated with PD risk (P‐value < 0.05), including amino acids, bile acid, indoles, and hydroxy acid, although none remained significant after multiple testing correction. Three pathways were implicated in PD risk: valine, leucine, and isoleucine degradation, butanoate metabolism, and propanoate metabolism. PD‐associated microbial pathways were more pronounced in men, smokers, and overweight/obese individuals.ConclusionChanges in microbial metabolites may represent a pre‐diagnostic feature of PD. We observed biologically plausible associations between microbial pathways and PD, potentially influenced by individual characteristics. © 2024 The Author(s). Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Sustainable entrepreneurship education: Impacts of the circular economy, health literacy, and well‐being
Authors: Fülöp Melinda Timea , Cifuentes‐Faura Javier 
Published: November 2024

AbstractEducation systems that integrate sustainable entrepreneurship education, digitization, and the circular economy (CE) have an effect on well‐being and provide a holistic approach to the promotion of sustainable development. Higher education institutions have a valuable dual role in disseminating the CE as a new sustainability paradigm through both the teaching of students and the preparation of future teachers toward the incorporation of sustainability into other educational levels. This study focused on new health literacy (health competence) findings, with the aim to analyze the health literacy, well‐being, and socioeconomic status of university students in the era of new normality post‐pandemic (COVID‐19). The analysis was based on the health literacy questionnaire of Van der Vaart, WHO‐5, and the MacArthur Scale of socioeconomic status. The results showed that health literacy among students in Romania tended to improve during the pandemic based on their experience with digital media. This effect was particularly evident in the assessment of health information and digital health competence.