bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Analysis of Flash Page Reuse With WOM Codes
Authors: Yadgar Gala , Yaakobi Eitan , Margaglia Fabio , Li Yue , Yucovich Alexander , Bundak Nachum , Gilon Lior , Yakovi Nir , Schuster Assaf , Brinkmann André 
Published: February 2018

Flash memory is prevalent in modern servers and devices. Coupled with the scaling down of flash technology, the popularity of flash memory motivates the search for methods to increase flash reliability and lifetime. Erasures are the dominant cause of flash cell wear, but reducing them is challenging because flash is a write-once medium— memory cells must be erased prior to writing.
An approach that has recently received considerable attention relies on write-once memory (WOM) codes, designed to accommodate additional writes on write-once media. However, the techniques proposed for reusing flash pages with WOM codes are limited in their scope. Many focus on the coding theory alone, whereas others suggest FTL designs that are application specific, or not applicable due to their complexity, overheads, or specific constraints of multilevel cell (MLC) flash.
This work is the first that addresses all aspects of page reuse within an end-to-end analysis of a general-purpose FTL on MLC flash. We use a hardware evaluation setup to directly measure the short- and long-term effects of page reuse on SSD durability and energy consumption, and show that FTL design must explicitly take them into account. We then provide a detailed analytical model for deriving the optimal garbage collection policy for such FTL designs, and for predicting the benefit from reuse on realistic hardware and workload characteristics.
hPCL3s Promotes Hepatocellular Carcinoma Metastasis by Activating β-Catenin Signaling
Authors: Cai Zhen , Qian Zhen-Yu , Jiang Hao , Ma Ning , Li Zhi , Liu Li-Yu , Ren Xin-Xin , Shang Yu-Rong , Wang Jing-Jing , Li Jing-Jing , Liu Dong-Ping , Zhang Xiu-Ping , Feng Dan , Ni Qian-Zhi , Feng Yuan-Yuan , Li Nan , Zhou Xiao-Yan , Wang Xiang , Bao Ying , Zhang Xue-Li , Deng Yue-Zhen , Xie Dong 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Two isoforms of human Polycomb-like protein 3 (hPCL3) have been reported as components of the nuclear Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2), with the short isoform (hPCL3s) showing a dominant cytoplasmic localization. The function of cytoplasmic hPCL3s has, however, not been addressed. In this study, we report that hPCL3s is upregulated in clinical hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) samples and its expression correlated with HCC clinical features. hPCL3s positively regulated the migration, invasion, and metastasis of HCC cells. hPCL3s interacted with components of the cytoplasmic β-catenin destruction complex, inhibited β-catenin degradation, and activated β-catenin/T-cell factor signaling. Downstream of the β-catenin cascade, IL6 mediated the motility-promoting functions of hPCL3s. Forced expression of hPCL3s in the liver of a HCC mouse model promoted tumorigenesis and metastasis. Taken together, these data show that hPCL3s promotes the metastasis of HCC by activating the β-catenin/IL6 pathway.
Significance: hPCL3s has an oncogenic role in hepatocellular carcinoma by activating the β-catenin/IL6 signaling axis to promote metastasis. Cancer Res; 78(10); 2536–49. ©2018 AACR.
<b>Records of the Indian Pangolin (Mammalia: Pholidota: Manidae: <I>Manis crassicaudata</I>) from Mansehra District, Pakistan</b>
Authors: Mahmood Tariq , Kanwal Konish , Zaman Iftikhar-Uz 
Published: February 2018

This study investigated records of distribution and population density of the Indian Pangolin Manis crassicaudata in Mansehra District, Pakistan. Field surveys were conducted from September 2015 to August 2016 to record direct and indirect signs of the species, including burrows and faecal matter. Information was also collected from local people through unstructured interviews. Our results show that the Indian Pangolin occurred at two sampling sites only (Lassan Nawab and Paras) in the study area. We recorded low numbers of burrows (feeding and permanent burrows) at these two sites. One direct field sighting of one individual was made at Paras. A low mean population density of 0.28±0.45 per km2 was estimated at seven different selected sites, but for the district as a whole, the population density was as low as 0.00044 individuals per km2. This study recommends initiating conservation efforts in the study area to further understand and conserve the remaining population of Indian Pangolin in Mansehra District.
<b>Observations of occurrence and daily activity patterns of ungulates in the Endau Rompin Landscape, peninsular Malaysia</b>
Authors: Tan Win Sim , Bin Amir Hamzah Norazmi , Saaban Salman , Zawakhir Nurul Aida , Rao Yugees , Jamaluddin Norolhuda , Cheong Francis , Binti Khalid Norhidayati , Mohd Saat Nur Iadiah , Binti Zaidee Ee Eka Nadia , Bin Hamdan Azwan , Chow Mei Mei , Low Chee Pheng , Voon Mufeng , Liang Song Horng , Tyson Martin , Gumal Melvin Terry 
Published: February 2018

Camera trap data was used to study occurrence and daily activity patterns in the Endau Rompin Landscape of peninsular Malaysia during 2011, 2013 and 2015 to estimate Malayan Tiger Panthera tigris jacksoni population densities. By-catch data were also collected for seven ungulate species: Barking Deer Muntiacus muntjak, Bearded Pig Sus barbatus, Wild Boar Sus scrofa, Greater Mousedeer Tragulus napu, Lesser Mousedeer Tragulus kanchil, Malayan Tapir Tapirus indicus and Sambar Deer Rusa unicolor. Of these, Bayesian single-season occupancy analysis suggested that Barking Deer were the most widespread and Mousedeer spp. the least widespread during the study period. Bearded Pig, Malayan Tapir and Wild Boar were recorded in more than half of the camera trap area (Sambar Deer was excluded due to small sample size). Daily activity patterns based on independent captures in 2015 suggest that Barking Deer, Bearded Pig and Wild Boar are mostly diurnal, mousedeer species are crepuscular and Malayan Tapir strongly nocturnal.
<b>A preliminary study on the dung beetles of the northern Western Ghats, Maharashtra, India</b>
Authors: Kalawate Aparna Sureshchandra 
Published: February 2018

The present study documented 50 species represented by 25 genera, 17 tribes, seven subfamilies belonging to Hybosoridae, Geotrupidae and Scarabaeidae of the superfamily Scarabaeoidea from the northern Western Ghats of Maharashtra. The identified specimens are deposited at the National Zoological Collection, Zoological Survey of India, Western Regional Centre, Pune, Maharashtra, India. This is the preliminary study and a first report on the dung beetle fauna of this region covering almost the entire northern Western Ghats of Maharashtra.
MicroRNA‐210 Promotes Accumulation of Neural Precursor Cells Around Ischemic Foci After Cerebral Ischemia by Regulating the SOCS1–STAT3–VEGF‐C Pathway
Authors: Meng Zhao‐You , Kang Hua‐Li , Duan Wei , Zheng Jian , Li Qian‐Ning , Zhou Zhu‐Juan 
Published: February 2018

Background

Neural precursor cell (
NPC
) migration toward lesions is key for neurological functional recovery. The neovasculature plays an important role in guiding
NPC
migration. Micro
RNA
‐210 (miR‐210) promotes angiogenesis and neurogenesis in the subventricular zone and hippocampus after cerebral ischemia; however, whether miR‐210 regulates
NPC
migration and the underlying mechanism is still unclear. This study investigated the role of miR‐210 in
NPC
migration.

Methods and Results

Neovascularization and
NPC
accumulation was detected around ischemic foci in a mouse model of middle cerebral artery occlusion (
MCAO
) and reperfusion. Bone marrow–derived endothelial progenitor cells (
EPC
s) were found to participate in neovascularization. miR‐210 was markedly upregulated after focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion. Overexpressed miR‐210 enhanced neovascularization and
NPC
accumulation around the ischemic lesion and vice versa, strongly suggesting that miR‐210 might be involved in neovascularization and
NPC
accumulation after focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion. In vitro experiments were conducted to explore the underlying mechanism. The transwell assay showed that
EPC
s facilitated
NPC
migration, which was further promoted by miR‐210 overexpression in
EPC
s. In addition, miR‐210 facilitated
VEGF
‐C (vascular endothelial growth factor C) expression both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, the luciferase reporter assay demonstrated that miR‐210 directly targeted the 3′ untranslated region of SOCS1 (suppressor of cytokine signaling 1), and miR‐210 overexpression in
HEK
293 cells or
EPC
s decreased
SOCS
1 and increased STAT3 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 3) and VEGF‐C expression. When
EPC
s were simultaneously transfected with miR‐210 mimics and
SOCS
1, the expression of
STAT
3 and
VEGF
‐C was reversed.

Conclusions

miR‐210 promoted neovascularization and
NPC
migration via the
SOCS
1–
STAT
3–
VEGF
‐C pathway.
Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Nonobstructive, Labile, and Obstructive Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Lu Dai‐Yin , Pozios Iraklis , Haileselassie Bereketeab , Ventoulis Ioannis , Liu Hongyun , Sorensen Lars L. , Canepa Marco , Phillip Susan , Abraham M. Roselle , Abraham Theodore P. 
Published: February 2018

Background

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (
HCM
) is a common inherited cardiac disease characterized by varying degrees of left ventricular outflow tract obstruction. In a large cohort, we compare the outcomes among 3 different hemodynamic groups.

Methods and Results

We prospectively enrolled patients fulfilling standard diagnostic criteria for
HCM
from January 2005 to June 2015. Detailed phenotypic characterization, including peak left ventricular outflow tract pressure gradients at rest and after provocation, was measured by echocardiography. The primary outcome was a composite cardiovascular end point, which included new‐onset atrial fibrillation, new sustained ventricular tachycardia/ventricular fibrillation, new or worsening heart failure, and death. The mean follow‐up was 3.4±2.8 years. Among the 705 patients with HCM (mean age, 52±15 years; 62% men), 230 with obstructive HCM were older and had a higher body mass index and New York Heart Association class. The 214 patients with nonobstructive HCM were more likely to have a history of sustained ventricular tachycardia/ventricular fibrillation and implantable cardioverter defibrillator implantation. During follow‐up, 121 patients experienced a composite cardiovascular end point. Atrial fibrillation occurred most frequently in the obstructive group. Patients with nonobstructive HCM had more frequent sustained ventricular tachycardia/ventricular fibrillation events. In multivariate analysis, obstructive (hazard ratio, 2.80; 95% confidence interval, 1.64–4.80) and nonobstructive (hazard ratio, 1.94; 95% confidence interval, 1.09–3.45) HCM were associated with more adverse events compared with labile
HCM
.

Conclusions

Nonobstructive
HCM
carries notable morbidity, including a higher arrhythmic risk than the other
HCM
groups. Patients with labile
HCM
have a relatively benign clinical course. Our data suggest detailed sudden cardiac death risk stratification in nonobstructive
HCM
and monitoring with less aggressive management in labile
HCM
.
Dipeptidyl Peptidase‐4 Inhibition Potentiates Stimulated Growth Hormone Secretion and Vasodilation in Women
Authors: Wilson Jessica R. , Brown Nancy J. , Nian Hui , Yu Chang , Bidlingmaier Martin , Devin Jessica K. 
Published: February 2018

Background

Diminished growth hormone (
GH
) is associated with impaired endothelial function and fibrinolysis.
GH
‐releasing hormone is the primary stimulus for
GH
secretion and a substrate of dipeptidyl peptidase‐4. We tested the hypothesis that dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibition with sitagliptin increases stimulated
GH
secretion, vasodilation, and tissue plasminogen activator (
tPA
) activity.

Methods and Results

Healthy adults participated in a 2‐part double‐blind, randomized, placebo‐controlled, crossover study. First, 39 patients (29 women) received sitagliptin or placebo on each of 2 days separated by a washout. One hour after study drug, blood was sampled and then arginine (30 g IV) was given to stimulate
GH
. Vasodilation was assessed by plethysmography and blood sampled for 150 minutes. Following a washout, 19 of the original 29 women received sitagliptin alone versus sitagliptin plus antagonist to delineate
GH
receptor (
GHR
)– (n=5), nitric oxide– (n=7), or glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor– (n=7) dependent effects. Sitagliptin enhanced stimulated
GH
secretion (
P
<0.01 versus placebo, for 30 minutes) and free insulin–like growth factor‐1 (
P
<0.001 versus placebo, after adjustment for baseline) in women. Vasodilation and
tPA
increased in all patients, but sitagliptin enhanced vasodilation (
P
=0.01 versus placebo) and increased
tPA
(
P
<0.001) in women only.
GHR
blockade decreased free insulin–like growth factor‐1 (
P
=0.04 versus sitagliptin alone) and increased stimulated
GH
(
P
<0.01), but decreased vascular resistance (
P
=0.01) such that nadir vascular resistance correlated inversely with
GH
(
r
s
=−0.90,
P
<0.001).
GHR
blockade suppressed
tPA
. Neither nitric oxide nor glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor blockade affected vasodilation or
tPA
.

Conclusions

Sitagliptin enhances stimulated
GH
, vasodilation, and fibrinolysis in women. During sitagliptin, increases in free insulin–like growth factor‐1 and
tPA
occur via the
GHR
, whereas vasodilation correlates with
GH
but occurs through a
GHR
‐independent mechanism.

Clinical Trial Registration

URL
:
http://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier:
NCT
01701973.
Quantitative trait loci mapping of Meloidogyne incognita and M. hapla resistance in a recombinant inbred line population of soybean
Authors: Li Chunjie , Wang Jialin , You Jia , Wang Xinpeng , Liu Baohui , Abe Jun , Kong Fanjiang , Wang Congli 
Published: February 2018

SummaryA recombinant inbred line population of soybean (Glycine max) was utilised to identify the quantitative trait loci (QTLs) determining the response to infection by two root-knot nematode species,Meloidogyne incognitaandM. hapla, in glasshouse assays. QTL analysis detected seven major and four minor QTLs on seven soybean chromosomes ((Chrs) 1, 7, 8, 10, 14, 18, 20) explaining 6-41% phenotypic variance (PVE) forM. incognitaroot response and nematode reproduction. Three of the major QTLs, on Chrs 7, 10 and 18, were confirmed in previous reports and two major QTLs on Chrs 14 and 20 were detected for the first time. The QTL analysis withM. haplaprovides the first report of a major QTL region mapped on Chr 7, explaining 70-82% PVE inM. haplaroot response and nematode reproduction. These novel identified QTLs with flanking markers will be helpful in marker-assisted breeding for nematode resistance in soybean.
Tolerance to oxidative stress of inbred strains of the pine wood nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, differing in terms of virulence
Authors: Ekino Taisuke , Tanaka Suguru E. , Kanzaki Natsumi , Takeuchi-Kaneko Yuko 
Published: February 2018

SummaryThe virulence ofBursaphelenchus xylophilus, the pine wood nematode, varies greatly among different populations. Two inbred strains, called P3 and P9, were recently establishedviarepeated full-sib mating. They exhibited remarkable differences in pathogenicity-related traits. Although their propagation did not differ when cultured on fungal lawns, P9 reproduced better in host seedlings and exhibited higher virulence. In the present study, we obtained fundamental information about P3 and P9 in terms of tolerance to oxidative stress and examined this tolerance and the cuticular ultrastructure. P9 survived better under hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-stressed conditions than did P3. In addition, P9 had a thicker cuticle than P3. Although further studies are needed, these results suggest that the difference in tolerance in P3 and P9 was due not only to physiological features, such as H2O2-degrading ability, but also to physical factors (cuticle thickness).
Hyobanche hanekomii (Orobanchaceae), a New Species from the Western Cape of South Africa.
Authors: WOLFE ANDREA D. 
Published: February 2018

The new species Hyobanche hanekomii is described and illustrated. It is somewhat intermediate in appearance between H. sanguinea and H. atropurpurea, but can be distinguished from both in several morphological characters that are presented. The new species occurs in the Cape Fold Belt Mountains of the northwest part of the Western Cape.
Markov Switching International Capital Asset Pricing Model, an Emerging Market Case: Mexico
Authors: Valencia-Herrera Humberto , López-Herrera Francisco 
Published: February 2018

The article shows how the international capital asset pricing model (ICAPM) with Markov regime switching can model the asset returns in the emerging market of Mexico. For most assets, although significant, the international risk premium factor is not subject to regime switching, but the domestic factor is. The probabilities of regimes are correlated with the volatility of assets. A GARCH(1,1) Markov regime switching model offers better adjustment than a non-GARCH. JEL Classification: C58, F36, F65, G12, G15
Outcomes for Treatment of Hypersexual Behavior Provided by Specialized Social Welfare Units
Authors: Kjellgren Cecilia 
Published: February 2018

Purpose: This study explores outcomes of treatment provided by specialized units within the social welfare sector in Sweden to clients seeking help with hypersexual behavior. Method: The participants were 27 males and 1 female ( M = 40.3 years) who sought help from one of the three specialized units within social welfare in Sweden. A pretest–posttest group design was used to assess changes after treatment. Quantitative data were collected through interviews and self-report forms. Results: At posttreatment stage (on average a 10-month follow-up), mental health was significantly improved and hypersexual behavior reportedly reduced. The treatment at the specialized units appeared to help the clients. Conclusions: The specialized units seemed to deliver favorable service without shaming and stigmatizing participants. As this study can be considered a pilot study, it needs to be replicated.
Ciclosporin and the cat: Current understanding and review of clinical use
Authors: Colombo Silvia , Sartori Roberta 
Published: February 2018

Practical relevance: Ciclosporin (CsA) is a systemic immuno-modulatory drug widely used to treat immune-mediated diseases in humans and veterinary species. CsA was registered for use in cats in the USA and Europe in 2011, and is indicated for the treatment of chronic allergic dermatitis at a recommended daily dose of 7 mg/kg PO. Audience: This review will be of interest to all veterinarians working with cats, given the wide range of potential applications of CsA and its safety profile. Although the drug is currently only licensed to treat chronic allergic dermatitis in cats, a small number of reports describe its use in non-dermatological conditions. Evidence base: This article reviews the mechanism of action, pharmacokinetics, drug interactions, adverse effects and clinical use of CsA, both for the licensed indication and for off-label use in the feline patient. Information presented has been summarised from the existing literature on CsA, with specific interest in studies carried out in cats. For its licensed indication, chronic allergic dermatitis, evidence provided includes randomised, placebo or prednisolone-controlled studies (EBM grade I) and prospective or retrospective open trials.
Different Sickness Responses in Adult and Aged Rats Following Lipopolysaccharide Administration
Authors: Kupferschmid Barbara J. , Therrien Barbara , Rowsey Pamela J. 
Published: February 2018

Objective: Immune challenges result in sickness responses such as decreased activity, fever, and spatial learning deficits. While these responses occur simultaneously, they are not usually evaluated concurrently or for an extended time. The purpose of this study was to examine how an immune challenge affected activity and temperature responses in animals tested concurrently in the Morris water maze (MWM) over 5 days and how aging interacts with such responses. Method: An accepted model of aging, adult ( n = 10; 5–6 months) and aged ( n = 7; 22 months) male Brown-Norway rats were implanted with a telemetry device (Mini Mitter, Oakmont, PA) to continuously monitor temperature and activity following an immune challenge. These animals were injected with either 250 μg/kg lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or 0.9% sodium chloride and then assessed in the MWM for 5 days. Results: Temperature responses varied by age. Initial temperatures decreased in both experimental groups followed by an increase (fever) in the adult group, while the temperatures of the aged animals remained decreased. Although both age groups were sedentary at baseline, activity decreased after LPS only in the adult group. Conclusion: An LPS immune challenge resulted in age-dependent temperature and activity changes. There was an absence of fever and no effect on activity in aged LPS-treated animals. These results may suggest the need to assess a broader spectrum of sickness responses when monitoring elderly individuals for infection and not rely on the presence of fever. Activity may not be a sensitive indicator of sickness in some aging models.
Comparative study of visual outcome between open- and closed-globe injuries following surgical treatment of traumatic cataract in children
Authors: Shah Mehul A , Shah Shreya M , Gosai Siddharth R , Gupta Satyam S , Khanna Raubaq R , Patel Kashyap B , Rathod Chetan D 
Published: February 2018

Objective: To compare final visual outcomes of surgically treated traumatic cataract between open-globe and closed-globe injuries in children, as classified by the Birmingham Eye Trauma Terminology system. Methods: This is an observational cohort study with permission from Hospital Ethical Committee. We enrolled children meeting specific inclusion criteria, examined their eyes to review any co-morbidities due to trauma, performed surgery for traumatic cataracts, and implanted lenses. The patients were re-examined postoperatively. We classified the cases of traumatic cataract as either open-globe (Group 1) or closed-globe (Group 2) according to the Birmingham Eye Trauma Terminology system and compared visual acuity. Result: Our study cohort of 1076 eyes with traumatic cataracts included 405 eyes in Group 1 and 671 in Group 2. Postoperatively, the visual acuity was >20/60 in 223 (55.3%) and 377 (56.3%) operated eyes in Groups 1 and 2, respectively ( p < 0.001, analysis of variance). With further follow-up, >20/60 vision was significantly higher in Group 2 as compared to Group 1 (odds ratio = 1.61; 95% confidence interval = 0.85–3.02). Overall, 600 eyes (55.7%) regained final visual acuity >20/60. Conclusion: Closed-globe injury has more favourable prognosis for the satisfactory (>20/60) visual recovery after effective management of traumatic cataracts in children.