bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of algorithms to determine the onset of pregnancy and delivery date using health care administrative data in a university hospital in Japan
Authors: Ishikawa Tomofumi , Obara Taku , Nishigori Hidekazu , Miyakoda Keiko , Inoue Ryusuke , Hoshiai Tetsuro , Saito Masatoshi , Yaegashi Nobuo , Mano Nariyasu 
Published: May 2018

AbstractPurposeTo develop and assess algorithms to determine the onset of pregnancy and delivery date using health administrative data from a university hospital in Japan.MethodsAll women who were hospitalized in the maternity ward and had at least one pregnancy that ended with a delivery during the period of January 2014 and December 2015 were included in this study. The true delivery date was obtained from the electronic medical records and was used as a gold standard. The onset of pregnancy was calculated by subtracting the gestational age at birth from the delivery date based on the electronic medical records and was also used as a gold standard. The administrative data‐based algorithms to identify (1) the onset of pregnancy estimated from the gestational age recorded as part of a diagnosis during a specific visit and (2) the delivery date estimated using the delivery‐related diagnosis, procedure, or prescription were compared with the gold‐standard data.ResultsOf the 1705 women included in this study, the onset of pregnancy was determined in 1704 subjects with 1582 (92.8%) within ± 7 days from the gold‐standard date of pregnancy onset. The delivery date was determined in 1654 subjects, and 1594 (96.4%) were within ± 7 days before the true delivery date using the algorithm of “selected” diagnosis and a surgical procedure followed by some other delivery‐related data.ConclusionsThe algorithms developed in this study are expected to accelerate future studies for real‐world exposure and quantify drug safety during pregnancy using Japanese health care administrative databases.
Causes and manifestations of chylothorax in children in China: Experience from a children's medical center, 2007–2017
Authors: Guo Yan , Chen Jiehua , Xu Baoping , Zheng Yuejie , Shen Kunling 
Published: May 2018

AbstractImportanceChylothorax is the most common cause of pleural effusion in neonates and relatively rare in children. It can cause significant respiratory morbidity. Many clinical entities may contribute to chylothorax.ObjectiveTo investigate the causes and manifestations of chylothorax in infants and children in China.MethodsCase records of 107 cases with chylothorax seen in Beijing Children's Hospital from 2007 to 2017 were retrieved and analyzed; follow‐up was carried out by telephone.ResultsOf 107 cases, 58.9% (63/107) were primary chylothorax (PC) and 41.1% (44/107) were secondary chylothorax (SC). Also, 36.4% (39/107) were neonatal chylothorax (NC) and 35.5% (38/107) were postoperative chylothorax. In PC with a verified lymphatic anomaly, there was one case of diffuse pulmonary lymphangiomatosis (DPL) and six cases of generalized lymphatic anomaly (GLA), which accounted for 6.5% (7/107) of cases. In most patients, chylothorax was alleviated by conservative treatment based on total parenteral nutrition (TPN); 13.1% (14/107) of cases needed further surgery. In NC, the median duration of TPN was 9 days, but 10 of 20 cases who improved had recurrence upon re‐introduction of a fat‐free diet, which was alleviated by further TPN. The duration of hospitalization was (23 ± 14) days for congenital chylothorax. Upon long‐ term follow‐up, except for GLA and DPL, most patients were doing well without recurrence.InterpretationNC and postoperative chylothorax are the common subtypes. TPN is effective for most patients. Despite a prolonged and fluctuating clinical course, most patients had a good long‐term prognosis.
Implementing comprehensive genetic carrier screening in China―Harnessing the power of genomic medicine for the effective prevention/management of birth defects and rare genetic diseases in China
Authors: Shen Yiping , Qiu Xiaoxia , Gui Baohen , He Sheng , Huang Hefeng , Xue Jingjie , Xu Xiangming , Zhang Xue , He Lin 
Published: May 2018

AbstractCarrier screening had been demonstrated as a powerful practice in preventing selected severe genetic disorders. This practice is expanding its scope and impact in the era of next‐generation sequencing. Empirical and theoretical data support the utility of expanded carrier screening. The authors propose a comprehensive carrier screening program as a main component of the first‐tier measure in preventing severe genetic disorders and birth defects in China. We discussed the key principles and important aspects to ensure the success of such a program. The authors believe this program will play a pivotal role in our endeavor for a healthier nation.
Input oscillometry and the forced oscillation technique for assessing lung function in preschool children with asthma
Authors: Allen Julian L. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractPreschool children with asthma present a challenge in lung function testing, as they cannot readily cooperate with spirometry. The forced oscillation technique (FOT) measures passive pressures and flows delivered by a loudspeaker to a facemask, at frequencies much higher than those occurring physiologically. This in turn allows for rapid collection of data from a spontaneously breathing child in a timespan of seconds. However, at very rapid oscillatory flow rates, the mechanical properties opposing flows into and out of the respiratory system (collectively termed the respiratory system impedance, and comprised of elastic, resistive and inertial components) are very different from at normal breathing frequencies, with elastic properties being less important and inertial properties being more important. An understanding of how the respiratory system behaves at high frequencies is essential to understanding the physiological basis of this technique. This article presents a way to understand these oscillatory mechanics of the respiratory system. It then describes studies of the FOT in normal preschool children and in children with asthma. The technique can also measure the separate contributions of the central and peripheral airways, as well as assess for changes after bronchodilator administration. The FOT holds promise for the objective measurement of lung function in children who are too young to reliably perform spirometry.
Component analysis and evidentiary basis of coping skills content on Pinterest
Authors: Breeden Nicole C. , Hall Cristin M. , Giacobe Nicklaus 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe present study seeks to understand the evidence base of coping‐related content (pins) shared by followers of the National Association of School Psychologists (NASP) on Pinterest. NASP's Pinterest followers are pinning professionally, but the efficacy of the content being shared is largely unknown. Using a component analysis approach, the present study links pins to common components of evidence‐based coping skills interventions. The results suggest followers of NASP on Pinterest are pinning common coping intervention components. In general, more pins are limited in evidence base, but this varies by component. Certain components are more likely to be evidence‐based, while others are more likely to have limited efficacy. The results of the present study are consistent with previous Pinterest research; however, more information is needed to best understand efficacy and implementation patterns. By looking into pin use, future researchers will determine how followers of NASP on Pinterest choose and implement pins, thus providing a means to leverage Pinterest for dissemination of evidence‐based content.
The history and triumph of physical organic chemistry
Authors: Lenoir Dieter , Tidwell Thomas T. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe beginnings of physical organic chemistry can be traced back to the early 19th Century in the work of Michael Faraday, and this area of study gained great prominence with the discovery by Moses Gomberg of the triphenylmethyl radical in 1900. From that time, the field has continually grown in its capabilities and now is widely used for the understanding of organic and bioorganic chemistry, using both experimental and theoretical approaches. Some of the history of this development is described.
Psycho‐oncology: Overview, obstacles and opportunities
Authors: Holland Jimmie C. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractWorldwide, psychological and social issues in cancer were not the subject of scientific inquiry until the past two decades. Since then, a new subspecialty of oncology has evolved, psycho‐oncology. It addresses two dimensions of cancer: the emotional responses of patients at all stages of disease, as well as their families and caretakers (psychosocial); and the pyschological, social and behavioral factors that may influence cancer morbidity and mortality (psychobiological). Obstacles to development have been the facts of small numbers of clinicians and investigators worldwide and the few valid assessment instruments and research methods available to the biomedical community. These obstacles are increasingly giving way to the louder demand of the public for maximal quality of life in cancer care. Psycho‐oncology is attaining subspeciality status by presently bringing a set of clinical skills in counseling, behavioral and social interventions to oncology, by providing training curricula which teach basic knowledge and skills in the area, and through creating a body of research and scholarly information about clinically relevant issues in the care of patients with cancer. Since it is increasingly recognized that psychological, social and behavioral variables influence treatment outcome, attention will likely to continue to increase. The field must meet the challenges of the 1990's in psychosocial care and availability of services, support for training clinicians and investigators in psycho‐oncology, and implementation of an exciting research agenda. The focus of new research will encourage collaborative investigations combining biological and psychosocial variables, quality of life research in clinical trials, controlled studies of psychotherapeutic, behavioral and psychopharmacologic research, and crosscultural studies that will examine differences in prevention and detection, health care systems, alternative therapies and meta analyses.
Functional roles and potential clinical application of miRNA‐345‐5p in prostate cancer
Authors: Tinay Ilker , Tan Mingyue , Gui Bin , Werner Lillian , Kibel Adam S. , Jia Li 
Published: May 2018

BackgroundMicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non‐coding RNAs, which negatively regulate gene expression and impact prostate cancer (PCa) growth and progression. Circulating miRNAs are stable and detectable in cell‐free body fluids, such as serum. Investigation of circulating miRNAs presents great potential in uncovering new insights into the roles of miRNAs in PCa diagnosis and therapy.MethodsUsing TaqMan miRNA quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR), we compared the expression levels of five miRNAs (miR‐193a‐3p, miR‐9‐3p, miR‐335‐5p, miR‐330‐3p, and miR‐345‐5p) in serum samples from 20 normal individuals without cancer, 25 patients with localized disease, 25 patients with hormone‐naïve or hormone sensitive metastatic disease, and 25 patients with metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). These five miRNAs were identified as potential oncogenes in our previous studies. MiR‐345‐5p was further investigated for its functional roles in CRPC cells.ResultsWe discovered that miR‐9‐3p, miR‐330‐3p‐3p, and miR‐345‐5p were significantly overexpressed in serum from PCa patients when compared to serum from individuals without cancer. No differential expression patterns were observed between different disease categories. However, patients who were in remission after androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) appeared to have significantly lower miR‐345‐5p levels compared to the rest of the groups. We further demonstrated that miR‐345‐5p promotes CRPC cell growth and migration in vitro and validated that CDKN1A (the gene encoding p21) is the direct target of miR‐345‐5p.ConclusionsOur results set the stage for a further investigation on the potential application of circulating miR‐345‐5p as a biomarker for PCa diagnosis and therapeutic response. The oncogenic roles of miR‐345‐5p through targeting CDKN1A render it a potential therapeutic target for PCa.
Apigenin inhibits growth of the Plasmodium berghei and disrupts some metabolic pathways in mice
Authors: Amiri Mahdi , Nourian Abbasali , Khoshkam Maryam , Ramazani Ali 
Published: May 2018

Due to the challenges in the control, prevention, and eradication of parasitic diseases like malaria, there is an urgent need to discover new therapeutic agents. Plant‐derived medicines may open new ways in the field of antiplasmodial therapy. This study is aimed to investigate the toxicity and in vivo antiplasmodial activity of apigenin, a dietary flavonoid. Apigenin cytotoxicity was investigated on Huh7 cell line, brine shrimp (Artemia salina) larva, and human red blood cells. In vivo toxicity of apigenin was assessed by metabolomics approaches. Apigenin exhibited significant suppression of parasitemia in a dose‐dependent manner; it suppressed Plasmodium berghei growth by 69.74%, 50.3%, and 49.23% at concentrations of 70, 35, and 15 mg/kg/day, respectively. The IC50 value for apigenin after 24 hr exposure to Huh7 cells was 225 μg/ml. Apigenin did not show noticeable toxicity on A. salina and also on the membrane integrity of red blood cells. After 24 hr exposure of mice to apigenin, alterations were seen in the metabolism of glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids, bile acid metabolism (alternative pathway), sulfur metabolism, bile acid metabolism, metabolism of estrogens and androgens, cholesterol catabolism, and biosynthesis of cholesterol. These findings indicate that apigenin has potential in vivo antiplasmodial activity against P. berghei infected mice with high selectivity against malaria, but it can disrupt some metabolic pathways in mice.
Novel navigation system by augmented reality technology using a tablet PC for hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery
Authors: Yasuda Jungo , Okamoto Tomoyoshi , Onda Shinji , Futagawa Yasuro , Yanaga Katsuhiko , Suzuki Naoki , Hattori Asaki 
Published: May 2018

AbstractBackgroundWe previously developed an image‐guided navigation system (IG‐NS) using augmented reality technology for hepatobiliary and pancreatic (HBP) surgery. This system superimposed a 3D model onto a stereoscope‐captured surgical field (i.e., the scope method). Unfortunately, this method requires an expensive stereoscope, surgeons have to shift their eyesight away from the surgical field, and the method has poor controllability. Therefore, an IG‐NS using a tablet PC (i.e., the tablet method) was developed. The aim of the current study is to evaluate the efficiency of this novel method.MethodsWe studied 9 patients, for whom a 3D model was created from computed tomography images. After registration was performed, the 3D model was superimposed onto the surgical field, which was captured by the tablet PC's camera.ResultsThe IG‐NS could be applied with very little time lag. The visibility and controllability of the tablet method were superior to those of the scope method. It was especially useful in surgery for multiple metastatic liver carcinoma due to easy localization of the position of the carcinomas and vessels.ConclusionsWe successfully developed the tablet method and tested it in a clinical setting. This system may contribute to surgical efficacy and improve the educational effects.
Per‐antenna power minimization in symbol‐level precoding for the multibeam satellite downlink
Authors: Spano Danilo , Chatzinotas Symeon , Andrenacci Stefano , Krause Jens , Ottersten Björn 
Published: May 2018

SummaryThis paper addresses the problem of multiuser interference in the forward downlink channel of a multibeam satellite system. A symbol‐level precoding scheme is considered, to exploit the multiuser interference and transform it into useful power at the receiver side, through a joint utilization of the data information and the channel state information. In this context, a per‐antenna power minimization scheme is proposed, under quality‐of‐service constraints, for multilevel modulation schemes. The consideration of the power limitations individually for each transmitting radio frequency chain is a central aspect of this work, and it allows to deal with systems using separate per‐antenna amplifiers. Moreover, this feature is also particularly relevant for systems suffering nonlinear effects of the channel. This is the case of satellite systems, where the nonlinear amplifiers should be properly driven to reduce the detrimental saturation effect. In the proposed scheme, the transmitted signals are designed to reduce the power peaks, while guaranteeing some specific target signal‐to‐noise ratios at the receivers. Numerical results are presented to show the effectiveness of the proposed scheme, which is compared both with the state of the art in symbol‐level precoding and with the conventional minimum mean square error precoding approach.
Using Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in Islet Transplantation
Authors: Arzouni Ahmed A. , Vargas-Seymour Andreia , Nardi Nance , J.F. King Aileen , Jones Peter M. 
Published: May 2018

Summary
Islet transplantation has the potential to cure type 1 diabetes, but current clinical transplantation protocols are inefficient because of the extensive loss of functional islets during the immediate post-transplantation period. Studies in rodent models have demonstrated that co-transplanting mesencyhmal stromal cells (MSCs) with islets improves graft functional survival and transplantation outcomes, and some of the beneficial effects of MSCs are attributable to bioactive molecules secreted by MSCs. Clinical islet transplantation is almost exclusively via the hepatic portal vein, which does not facilitate co-engraftment of islets and MSCs, so attention is currently focused on using cell-free cocktails of MSC-derived products to treat islets prior to transplantation. This approach has the potential to overcome many of the technical and regulatory hurdles associated with using MSCs as an adjuvant therapy for human islet transplantation.
Structural optimization of jacket supporting structures for offshore wind turbines using colliding bodies optimization algorithm
Authors: Kaveh Ali , Sabeti Sepehr 
Published: May 2018

SummaryConsidering the size and dimension of offshore wind turbine structures, structural optimization of such structures, notwithstanding being outstandingly fruitful, is a tedious task. Nonetheless, in this paper, a metaheuristic algorithm named as colliding bodies optimization is employed when investigating the optimal design of jacket supporting structures for offshore wind turbines. The OC4 reference jacket is considered as the case study, validating the outcomes of this research. To do so, MATLAB is utilized in modeling the structure. The structural optimization is then performed when both ultimate limit state and frequency constraints are being considered. During the optimization process, the weight of the structure is approximately halved, and its first and second frequencies are kept within the considered soft–stiff range (0.21–0.32 Hz).
Damage‐controlled performance‐based design optimization of steel moment frames
Authors: Gholizadeh Saeed , Fattahi Fayegh 
Published: May 2018

SummaryIn the present paper, performance‐based design of steel moment‐resisting frames (SMRFs) is implemented to minimize total cost of the structures. The total cost is summation of the initial construction cost and the seismic damage cost in operational lifetime of the structures subjected to seismic loading. In order to evaluate the seismic damage cost, Park–Ang damage index (DI), as one of the most realistic measures of structural seismic damage, is utilized. To calculate the DI, nonlinear time‐history response of the structure needs to be evaluated during the optimization process. As the computational burden of the process is very high, neural network techniques are utilized to predict the required nonlinear time‐history structural responses. As the design constraints, besides the drift checks at immediate occupancy and collapse prevention performance levels, the global DI is also checked at collapse prevention level to control the amount of seismic damage. In order to achieve the optimization task, a sequential enhanced colliding bodies optimization II is proposed. Numerical studies are conducted to demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed methodology involving 2 illustrative examples of a 6‐story SMRF and a 12‐story SMRF.
Metformin for prevention of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy in women with gestational diabetes or obesity: systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized trials
Authors: Kalafat E. , Sukur Y. E. , Abdi A. , Thilaganathan B. , Khalil A. 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACTObjectiveMetformin has been reported to reduce the risk of pre‐eclampsia. It is also known to influence soluble fms‐like tyrosine kinase‐1 level, which correlates significantly with the gestational age at onset and severity of pre‐eclampsia. The main aim of this systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized trials was to determine whether metformin use is associated with the incidence of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP).MethodsMEDLINE (1947 to September 2017), Scopus (1970 to September 2017) and the Cochrane Library (inception to September 2017) were searched for relevant citations in the English language. Only randomized controlled trials on metformin use, reporting the incidence of pre‐eclampsia or pregnancy‐induced hypertension, were included. Studies on populations with a high probability of metformin use prior to randomization (those with type II diabetes or polycystic ovary syndrome) were excluded. Random‐effects models with the Mantel–Haenszel method were used for subgroup analyses. Bayesian random‐effects meta‐regression was used to summarize the evidence.ResultsIn total, 3337 citations matched the search criteria. After evaluating 2536 abstracts and performing full‐text review of 52 studies, 15 were included in the review. In women with gestational diabetes, metformin use was associated with a reduced risk of pregnancy‐induced hypertension when compared with insulin (relative risk (RR), 0.56; 95% CI, 0.37–0.85; I2 = 0%; 1260 women) and a non‐significantly reduced risk of pre‐eclampsia (RR, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.60–1.14; I2 = 0%; 1724 women). In obese women, when compared with placebo, metformin use was associated with a non‐significant reduction in risk of pre‐eclampsia (RR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.09–6.28; I2 = 86%; 840 women). In women with gestational diabetes, metformin use was also associated with a non‐significant reduction in risk of any HDP (RR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.41–1.25; I2 = 0%; 556 women) when compared with glyburide. When studies were combined using Bayesian random‐effects meta‐regression, with treatment type as a covariate, the posterior probabilities of metformin having a beneficial effect on the prevention of pre‐eclampsia, pregnancy‐induced hypertension and any HDP were 92.7%, 92.8% and 99.2%, respectively, when compared with any other treatment or placebo.ConclusionsThere is a high probability that metformin use is associated with reduced HDP incidence when compared with other treatments or placebo. The small number of studies included in the analysis, the low quality of evidence and the clinical heterogeneity preclude generalization of these results to broader populations. Given the clinical importance of this topic and the magnitude of effect observed in this meta‐analysis, further prospective trials are urgently needed. Copyright © 2018 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.