bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Corrupção: o Papel dos Controles Externos – Transparência e Controle Social. Uma Análise de Direito e Economia
Authors: Santolim Cesar 
Published: April 2019

Resumo: É propósito deste artigo é tratar das estruturas de controle administrativo/parlamentar (“órgãos de controle externo”), com suas particularidades, dando ênfase à solução que corresponde à tradição constitucional brasileira, e avaliar sobre a capacidade destas instituições serem eficientes no combate à corrupção. Palavras-chave: Corrupção; controles externos; transparência; tribunal de contas; direito e economia. Abstract: The purpose of this article is to study the administrative control structures / parliamentarian ("external control organs"), with its particularities, emphasizing the Brazilian constitutional traditional solution, and evaluate the ability of these institutions to be effective against corruption. Keywords: corruption; external control; transparency; audit office; law and economics.
Regulação de Prestação de Serviço Bancários: no Limiar entre o Agravamento e a Contenção da Crise Atual no Âmbito do Mercosul
Authors: Postiga Andréa Rocha 
Published: April 2019

Resumo: Os recentes acontecimentos no cenário internacional têm demonstrado a fragilidade das grandes economias face a falhas em seus sistemas bancário e financeiro. A falta de supervisão adequada nessa esfera fez com que uma grave crise se desencadeasse em escala internacional, resultando no enfraquecimento não só da economia daqueles países considerados os focos da crise, como também causando efeitos no cenário econômico mundial. A adoção de medidas de supervisão e de controle estabelecidas pelos padrões internacionais é essencial nesse contexto, em que a integração regional tem importante papel, devendo ser vista como via de fortalecimento para a superação das adversidades do sistema. O Mercosul, como bloco regional, ainda está atrasado nessa matéria, reflexo talvez de seu processo incompleto de integração. O objetivo deste artigo é demonstrar a necessidade de que o sistema bancário no âmbito do Mercosul empreenda as medidas necessárias para oferecer amparo mais efetivo a seus membros, a fim de que se disponha de uma regulação efetiva a nível regional, capaz de evitar que as crises alcancem efeitos catastróficos nos Estados do bloco, cujas economias estão em desenvolvimento. Palavras-chave: Sistema Bancário; Mercosul; Integração Regional; Crise; Sistema Financeiro. Abstract: Recent events in the international scenario have been demonstrating the fragility of big economies when facing faults in its banking and financial system. The lacking of adequate supervision in this realm caused the emergence of a severe crisis on a global scale, weakening not only the countries where it begun, but also producing its effects in the whole international context. The adoption of measures of control and supervision established by international standards is essential in such context, wherein the regional integration plays an important role, what should be seen as a means of strengthening in order to overcome systemic adversities. The Mercosur, as a regional institution, is well behind on this subject, which may be a reflection of its incomplete integration process. The aim of this paper is to demonstrate the need that the banking system in the Mercosur undertake the necessary measures in order to provide its members with a more effective protection, in order to dispose of an effective regulation in regional scale, one able to avoid that the crisis reach catastrophic effects in its member states, whose economies are developing. Keywords: Banking System; Mercosur; Integration; Crisis; Financial System.
A Tributação do Expatriado Estrangeiro à Luz do Direito Internacional Tributário do Brasil
Authors: Stoffel Ana Carolina Assumpção 
Published: April 2019

A TRIBUTAÇÃO DO EXPATRIADO ESTRANGEIRO À LUZ DO DIREITO INTERNACIONAL TRIBUTÁRIO DO BRASIL THE TAXATION OF FOREIGN EXPATRIATES IN ACCORDANCE WITH BRAZILIAN INTERNATIONAL TAX LAW RESUMO: É indiscutível que o Direito Internacional Privado vem ganhando cada vez mais destaque dada a sua crescente aplicação no presente cenário mundial, especialmente diante da globalização que promove a incessante interação entre pessoas jurídicas e físicas de diferentes nacionalidades. Como uma das resultantes desse fenômeno, inúmeros profissionais são transferidos de seu país de origem, a fim de fixar residência na localidade em que a empresa para a qual trabalha possui filial, matriz ou subsidiária. Ou seja, a expatriação vem se tornando um acontecimento frequente em empresas multinacionais, e dada a complexidade envolvida no processo de transferência de um funcionário de um país para o outro, a temática precisa ser considerada de diferentes ângulos: jurídico, cultural, político, econômico, entre outros. Nessa direção, o presente trabalho dedica-se análise das principais questões ligadas à tributação de estrangeiros que se encontram no Brasil, por questões laborais, o que significa apontar para a tributação de rendas e proventos de qualquer natureza, além de abordar critérios de conexão e residência fiscal no Direito Internacional Tributário e, por fim, a relação dos principais vistos com a tributação e a política de equalização fiscal. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Direito Internacional Tributário; Expatriado-estrangeiro; Residência fiscal; Tratados Internacionais Tributários. ABSTRACT: There is no doubt that Private International Law is gaining more and more prominence due to its growing application in the present world scenario, especially in face of the globalization that promotes the non-stopping interaction between companies and individuals of different nationalities. As a result of this phenomenon, many professionals are transferred from their country of origin, in order to take up residence in the place which the company for which they work for has an affiliate, matrix, or subsidiary. I.e., expatriation is a commonplace event in multinational companies and given the complexity of the process of transferring an employee from one country to another, the issue needs to be considered from different angles: legal, cultural, political, economic, etc. Thus, this paper focuses on the analysis of the main issues regarding the taxation of foreigners that are in Brazil for labor issues, which means pointing at the taxation of their income and earnings of any nature, as well as to approach the criteria of connection and tax residence under the International Tax Law, and, finally, to approach the relationship of the main types of visa with taxation and the policy of fiscal equalization. KEYWORDS: International Tax Law; Foreigner expatriates; Tax residence; International Tax Trade.
Penguatan Pendidikan Karakter: Antara Paradigma dan Pendekatan
Authors: Munjiatun Munjiatun 
Published: April 2019

Tulisan ini mengkaji tentang pendidikan karakter. Pendidikan karakter perlu dikuatkan oleh pihak terkait, yaitu : Keluarga, instansi pemerintah dan masyarakat. Tanpa adanya pendidikan karakter akan menurunnya kualitas moral generasi muda Indonesia, seperti yang kita lihat di media cetak dan elektronik yang menampilkan moral karakter siswa-siswi kita yang sangat bobrok. Di stasiun televisi ditayangkan tindakan menyontek saat ujian, minum-minuman keras, merokok, narkoba, pergaulan dan seks bebas, tawuran antar pelajar, peredaran video porno di kalangan pelajar serta tindakan kriminal dan aksi brutal lainnya menuntut diselenggarakannya penguatan pendidikan karakter. Salah satu pendekatan pendidikan karakter yang dapat digunakan adalah pendekatan pengembangan rasional, pertimbangan, klarifikasi nilai, pengembangan moral kognitif, perilaku sosial, dan penanaman nilai. Pihak terkait dituntut untuk memainkan peran dan tanggungjawabnya untuk menanamkan dan mengembangkan nilai-nilai yang baik dan membantu anak membentuk dan membangun karakter mereka dengan nilai-nilai yang baik. Pendidikan karakter diarahkan untuk memberikan tekanan pada nilai-nilai tertentu –seperti rasa hormat, tanggungjawab, jujur, peduli, dan adil– dan membantu anak untuk memahami, memperhatikan, dan melakukan nilai-nilai tersebut dalam kehidupan mereka sendiri. penguatan pendidikan karakter menjadi salah satu solusi untuk mengurangi merosotnya moral bangsa yang terjadi pada saat ini.
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF GREEN BUILDING IN MALAYSIAN CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY: DETERMINATION OF KEY SUCCESS FACTORS
Authors: Lop Nor Suzila , Che Ahmad Asmalia , Nik Zulkipli Nik Aqlima Diyana 
Published: April 2019

Green building has become increasingly on demand and important in Malaysia, however, still has not become the interest of all groups in the construction industry. Practically, green buildings should be designed and operated to reduce the overall impact of the built environment on its surroundings. Therefore the objectives of this research is to determine the key success factors of the green building implementation in Malaysia from the architect’s perception. In order to achieve the objectives of the study, a comprehensive review of literatures and questionnaire survey were carried out. The architect was chosen as the respondents to gather relevant data and information for this research. The data was analysed and the results concluded that providing education and training to construction practitioners on green building concept and technology, increase clients awareness and government initiatives to enhance the understanding and implementation on the green building construction are the key success factors to increase the implementation and involvement of Green Building amongst the architects.
ACCESSIBILITY OF DISABLED FACILITIES AT FI-SABILILLAH MOSQUE, CYBERJAYA
Authors: Mohd Shobri Nor Izana , Zakaria Intan Bayani , Mat Salleh Norazlin 
Published: April 2019

All mosques need to be equipped with facilities for people with disabilities (PWD) in fulfilling with the requirements of the Malaysian Standard Code of Practice (MS) on Access of Disabled Persons. However, most mosques in Malaysia do not fulfil these requirements in terms of providing facilities for the PWDs. This adversely affects the PWDs to engage in the social and economic mainstream. The research aim is to classify the conformity of disabled facilities provided at Fi-Sabilillah Mosque, Cyberjaya in Selangor. The two research objectives were established (1) to identify the spectrum of disabled facilities provided at the Fi-Sabilillah Mosque, Cyberjaya in Selangor and (2) to determine the compliance of the disabled facilities as outlined in the MS. Purely qualitative methods were adopted in terms of visual study, audit survey and a semi-structured interview with the architect. A condition audit checklist was established using document analysis method on three main documents. The findings indicate 58% of the facilities are available and follow the MS, 13 % items were available but not comply with the standard measurement and 29% of the disabled facilities are not available within the mosque. Therefore, it can be stated that there is poor design, weak enforcement and lack of awareness among the stakeholder, local authority and the designer of the mosque regarding the disabled facilities. Therefore, enforcement is a priority to ensure the needs and right of the disabled user are considered in designing a mosque.
PENCEGAHAN RADIKALISASI MELALUI PENGEMBANGAN DEMOKRASI ISLAMIK DI KECAMATAN TEMPURAN KABUPATEN KARAWANG
Authors: Dermawan Windy , Affandi RMT Nurhasan , Alam Gilang Nur 
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACTThe community development activity (PPM) aims to build an inclusive society, increase tolerance and prevent radicalism in Subdistrict of Tempuran, Regency of Karawang. Achieving this goal, we introduce democratic values based on Western political philosophy and Islam and explore participants' understanding of radicalism. We engage participants to observe local values in the community at the location of the activity and then explore this relevance to Islamic values. The methods of PPM use the Problem Based Learning and Community Based Research (CBR) in the formulation of an idea that suits the needs of the community in solving the problem. The PPM concluded that there is an increase in scores of knowledge before and after training by 21%, which is the most participants understood Islamic democracy as an inherent part of social life. There is also an increase in participants' awareness in preventing radicalism by 28%, which is the most participants realize the importance of preventing radicalism through the development of an inclusive life, the spirit of multiculturalism and tolerance in social plurality. Thus, the PPM concludes that there is an increase in participants' knowledge and awareness in the implementation of Islamic democratic values and the prevention of radicalism through socialization and training. Keywords: Socialization, Islamic democracy, radicalism, prevention.ABSTRAKKegiatan pengabdian pada masyarakat (PPM) ini bertujuan untuk membentuk masyarakat yang inklusif, meningkatkan toleransi dan mencegah radikalisasi di Kecamatan Tempuran Kabupaten Karawang. Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut, kami mengenalkan nilai-nilai demokrasi berdasarkan filsafat politik Barat maupun Islam dan menggali pemahaman peserta mengenai radikalisme di Kecamatan Tempuran Kabupaten Karawang. Kami mengajak kepada peserta untuk mengamati nilai-nilai lokal (local wisdom) dalam masyarakat di lokasi kegiatan kemudian menggali relevansinya dengan nilai-nilai islamik. Kegiatan PPM ini menggunakan metode Problem Based Learning dan Community Based Research (CBR) di dalam perumusan suatu gagasan yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan masyarakat di dalam memecahkan permasalahannya. PPM ini menyimpulkan bahwa terdapat peningkatan skor pengetahuan sebelum dan setelah pelatihan sebesar 21%, dimana sebagian besar peserta memahami demokrasi islamik sebagai bagian yang inheren dalam kehidupan bermasyarakat. Terdapat pula peningkatan kesadaran peserta di dalam pencegahan radikalisasi sebesar 28%, dimana sebagian besar peserta menyadari pentingnya pencegahan radikalisasi melalui pembangunan kehidupan yang inklusif, semangat multikulturalisme dan toleransi terhadap pluralitas sosial. Dengan demikian, PPM ini menyimpulkan bahwa terdapat peningkatan pengetahuan dan kesadaran peserta dalam pengamalan nilai-nilai demokrasi islamik dan pencegahan radikalisasi melalui sosialisasi dan pelatihan. Kata kunci: sosialisasi, demokrasi islamik, radikalisasi, pencegahan.
SOSIALISASI MENGENAI PERDAGANGAN MANUSIA (HUMAN TRAFFICKING) DALAM UPAYA PENCEGAHAN TINDAK PIDANA PERDAGANGAN ORANG (TPPO) DI KECAMATAN TEMPURAN KABUPATEN KARAWANG
Authors: Purnama Chandra , Dermawan Windy , Mahyudin Emil 
Published: April 2019

Kegiatan pengabdian pada masyarakat (PPM) ini bertujuan memberikan pemahaman kepada masyarakat mengenai perdagangan manusia dan upaya pencegahannya di Kecamatan Tempuran Kabupaten Karawang. Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut, kami melaksanakan kegiatan sosialisasi mengenai perdagangan manusia, bahaya yang ditimbulkannya berdasarkan perspektif keamanan manusia dan upaya pencegahan agar masyarakat berdaya untuk menangkal ancaman tersebut di Kecamatan Tempuran Kabupaten Karawang. Kegiatan PPM ini menggunakan metode Problem Based Learning dan Community Based Research (CBR) di dalam merumuskan gagasan yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan mereka dalam upaya memecahkan permasalahannya. Kegiatan PPM ini menyimpulkan bahwa pencegahan perdagangan manusia perlu dilakukan secara berkesinambungan dan lintas sektoral karena modus dari tindak pidana ini telah berkembang dan beragam. Terdapat penguatan pengetahuan dan pemahaman masyarakat Kecamatan Tempuran dalam menanggapi pentingnya pencegahan perdagangan manusia melalui peningkatan pendidikan, taraf hidup, peran orangtua dan pengawasan masyarakat. Dengan demikian, kegiatan PPM ini mampu meningkatkan pengetahuan mengenai perdagangan manusia dan mengugah kesadaran peserta untuk bersama-sama mencegah perdagangan manusia di Kecamatan Tempuran Kabupaten Karawang. Kata kunci: sosialisasi, perdagangan manusia, pencegahan. The community development activity (PPM) aims to provide understanding to the community regarding human trafficking and prevention efforts in Tempuran District, Karawang Regency. To achieve this goal, we carry out socialization activities on human trafficking, the danger posed is based on a human security perspective and prevention efforts so that the community is empowered to counter these threats in Tempuran District, Karawang Regency. The methods of PPM use the Problem Based Learning and Community Based Research (CBR) in the formulation of an idea that suits the needs of the community in solving the problem.. The PPM activity concludes that prevention of trafficking needs to be carried out continuously and cross-sectorally because the mode of crime has developed and varied. There was a strengthening of the knowledge and understanding of the Tempuran District community in responding to the importance of preventing human trafficking through improving education, living standards, parental roles and community supervision. Thus, the PPM activity was able to increase knowledge about human trafficking and encourage participants' awareness to jointly prevent human trafficking in Tempuran District, Karawang Regency. Keywords: Socialization, human trafficking, prevention.
Cultural adaption and validation of the German version of the diagnostic thinking inventory (DTI-G) / Ein Instrument zur Erhebung diagnostischer Kompetenz: Validierung und kulturelle Adaptation des Diagnostic Thinking Inventory (DTI-G)
Authors: Schäfer Axel Georg Meender , Sebelin Britta , Spitzer Lena 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Diagnostic ability is essential for expert professional practice. Several instruments have been developed to assess diagnostic skills independent of specific knowledge. One such instrument is the diagnostic thinking inventory (DTI), which is used in different settings to evaluate diagnostic performance and has shown acceptable reliability and validity.
The aim of the present study was to translate and validate a German version (DTI-G).
Cultural adaptation and translation were performed according to international guidelines. Internal consistency and item discrimination indexes were calculated. The factorial structure of the DTI-G, test-retest reliability and known-groups validity were tested.
A total of 388 physiotherapists completed the questionnaire. The internal consistency was good for the overall score of the DTI-G (Cronbach’s a = 0.84). Exploratory factor analysis yielded a five-factor solution with 21 items that explained 55% of the total variance across items. A confirmatory principal component analysis resulted in the same five-factor structure, showing an acceptable to good overall fit of the model (CFI = 0.93; RMSEA = 0.05; SRMR = 0.06). Test-retest reliability was found to be good (intraclass correlation coefficient ICC2,1 = 0.87, p < 0.001, n = 118). The difference between participants with more than 9 years of clinical experience and those with less than 9 years of clinical experience (median split) was significant (t385 = 6.00, p < 0.001), supporting known-groups validity.
The results support construct validity and indicate good test-retest reliability of the DTI-G. The DTI-G can be used to measure and develop diagnostic ability of physiotherapists in clinical practice and education. Further research is necessary to validate the questionnaire for other health professions.
Prognostic Utility Of Novel Biomarkers in Aortic Valve Stenosis
Authors: Tretjakovs Pēteris , Hofmanis Juris , Hofmane Dace , Krieviņa Gita , Blumfelds Leons , Mackēvičs Vitolds , Lejnieks Aivars , Bahs Guntis 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate plasma levels of chemerin, myeloperoxidase (MPO), fibroblast growth factor-21 (FGF-21), thioredoxin reductase-1 (TrxR1), and matrix metallopeptidase-9 (MMP-9) in acquired aortic valve (AoV) stenosis patients to determine correlations between the studied cellular factors, and also clarify the predictive values of these factors as biomarkers in AoV stenosis. AoV stenosis patients were classified into three groups: 17 patients with mild AoV stenosis; 19 with moderate and 15 with severe AoV stenosis. Twenty-four subjects without AoV stenosis were selected as a control group. Our findings suggest that AoV stenosis might be associated with increased chemerin, TrxR1, MPO, and FGF-21 levels in plasma. Moreover, these factors and also MMP-9 already reached statistically significantly elevated levels in the early stages of AoV stenosis, but MPO levels were more pronounced in patients with moderate and severe AoV stenosis. Chemerin was correlated with all of the studied cytokines; TrxR1 and MMP-9 were correlated with several other cellular factors. Our findings (by ROC analysis) suggest that MPO and chemerin might serve as specific and sensitive biomarkers for AoV stenosis without grading the severity, but, in relation to mild AoV stenosis, TrxR1, FGF-21, and MMP-9 also reached good or moderate levels as biomarkers. The cellular factors might serve as novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in AoV stenosis patients, while chemerin and MPO may be more powerful.
Monocytes/Macrophages Act as Mediators for Human Herpesvirus-6 Infection of Thyroid Gland in Patients with Autoimmune Thyroiditis
Authors: Sokolovska Lība , Sultanova Alina , Čistjakovs Maksims , Cunskis Egils , Murovska Modra 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the possibility of using monocytes/macrophages as mediators in human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6) infection of thyroid gland tissues in autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT). Seventy-three AIT patients were enrolled in this study. The control group consisted of 80 blood donors. Monocyte/macrophage isolation for AIT patient samples was performed by adherence. HHV-6 was detected in peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) DNA samples using nested polymerase chain reaction (nPCR). Gene expression of HHV-6 active infection marker (U79/80) and chemokine receptors (U12, U51) in patient monocyte/macrophage samples and blood donor PBMC samples was detected using reverse-transcription PCR. HHV-6 viral load was detected by using quantitative-PCR technique. The HHV-6 genomic sequence was found significantly more frequently among AIT patient than control group samples. Markers of active infection were found in 8 AIT patient monocyte/macrophage samples (11%) and in none of control group PBMC samples. HHV-6 U51 mRNA expression was detected only in AIT patient samples (2/24 previously positive for HHV-6). Since HHV-6 genomic sequences were found significantly more frequently in AIT patient samples and active infection markers were found in patient monocytes/macrophages, our results suggest that monocytes/macrophages may be used by HHV-6 as mediators for thyroid gland infection.