bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Food insecurity patterns before and after initial receipt of Supplemental Security Income
Authors: Sonik Rajan A , Parish Susan L , Mitra Monika 
Published: March 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo assess patterns of food insecurity before and after initial receipt of Supplemental Security Income (SSI) benefits.DesignWe analysed data from a nationally representative sample. We estimated two difference-in-difference models comparing food insecurity patterns among eventual SSI recipients with patterns among eligible non-recipients during two time frames. The first model assessed changes in food insecurity immediately before SSI benefits were first received and the second model assessed changes in food insecurity after programme entry.Setting2008 panel of the Survey of Income and Program Participation.ParticipantsNon-institutionalized population of the USA.ResultsThe percentage of eventual SSI recipients experiencing food insecurity rose from 18 to 30 % in the year before programme entry, compared with a change from 17 to 18 % for eligible non-recipients. Adjusting for sociodemographic covariates, the difference-in-difference estimator for this comparison was statistically significant (P=0·01). Additionally, the percentage of recipients experiencing food insecurity fell from 28 % in the year before programme entry to 16 % in the year after entry, compared with a change from 16 to 17 % for eligible non-recipients. Adjusting for sociodemographic covariates, the difference-in-difference estimator for this comparison was marginally significant (P=0·07).ConclusionsFood insecurity rises prior to SSI entry but may be alleviated by programme benefits. Greater nutritional supports for SSI applicants awaiting decisions may reduce the burden of food insecurity in this population and improve health outcomes.
General theorising and historical specificity: Hodgson on Keynes
Authors: O'Donnell Rod 
Published: March 2019

AbstractIn relation to Keynes's thought on general theorising, consumption theory and institutions, this paper closely examines Geoff Hodgson's views as set out in his magisterial work, How Economics Forgot History. While in full agreement with its advocacy of the institutionalist programme, it finds that Keynes's position has been misunderstood in all three areas, and that deep compatibilities exist between the General Theory and institutionalist analysis. Using all his available writings, it is argued that Keynes's conception of a general theory is very different from that underpinning neoclassical economics so that criticisms of the latter are irrelevant to the former, that Keynes's ‘fundamental psychological law’ was never advanced as a universal law applicable to all economies, and that Keynes expressly analysed a historically specific economic institution and its assemblage of sub-institutions. Keynes is an ally, not an enemy, of institutionalism in pursuing better economic theory.
Tolerance of flax (Linum usitatissimum) to fluthiacet-methyl, pyroxasulfone, and topramezone
Authors: Kurtenbach Moria E. , Johnson Eric N. , Gulden Robert H. , Willenborg Christian J. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractFlax yield can be severely reduced by weeds. The combination of limited herbicide options and the spread of herbicide-resistant weeds across the prairies has resulted in a need for more weed control options for flax producers. The objective of this research was to evaluate the tolerance of flax to topramezone, pyroxasulfone, flumioxazin, and fluthiacet-methyl applied alone as well as in a mix with currently registered herbicides. These herbicides were applied alone and in mixtures at the 1X and 2X rates and compared with three industry standards and one nontreated control. This experiment was conducted at Carman, MB, and Saskatoon, SK, as a randomized complete block with four replications. Data were collected for crop population, crop height, yield, and thousand-seed weight. Ratings for crop damage (phytotoxicity) were also taken at three separate time intervals: 7 to 14, 21 to 28, and 56+ d after treatment. Crop tolerance to these herbicides varied between site-years. This was largely attributed to differences in spring moisture conditions and the differences in soil characteristics between sites. Herbicide injury was transient. Hence, no herbicide or combination of herbicides significantly impacted crop yield consistently. Flumioxazin was the least promising herbicide evaluated, as it caused severe crop damage (&gt;90%) when conditions were conducive. Overall, flax had excellent tolerance to fluthiacet-methyl, pyroxasulfone, and topramezone. Flax had excellent crop safety to the combination of pyroxasulfone + sulfentrazone. However, mixing fluthiacet-methyl and topramezone with MCPA and bromoxynil, respectively, increased crop damage and would not be recommended.
Unilateral ureteral obstruction causes gut microbial dysbiosis and metabolome disorders contributing to tubulointerstitial fibrosis
Authors: Chen Lin , Chen Dan-Qian , Liu Jing-Ru , Zhang Jun , Vaziri Nosratola D. , Zhuang Shougang , Chen Hua , Feng Ya-Long , Guo Yan , Zhao Ying-Yong 
Published: March 2019

AbstractChronic kidney disease (CKD) increases the risk and prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality. Recent studies have revealed marked changes in the composition of the microbiome and the metabolome and their potential influence in renal disease and CVD via the accumulation of microbial-derived uremic toxins. However, the effect of unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) on the gut microbiome and circulating metabolites is unknown. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized to UUO and sham-operated control groups. Renal histology, colonic microbiota, and plasma metabolites were examined two weeks later. We employed 16S rRNA sequence and untargeted metabolomic analyses to explore the changes in colonic microbiota and plasma metabolites and their relationship with tubulointerstitial fibrosis (TIF). The UUO rats exhibited tubular atrophy and dilatation, interstitial fibrosis and inflammatory cell infiltration in the obstructed kidney. UUO rats showed significant colonic enrichment and depletion of genera. Significant differences were identified in 219 plasma metabolites involved in lipid, amino acid, and bile acid metabolism, which were consistent with gut microbiota-related metabolism. Interestingly, tryptophan and its metabolites kynurenine, 5-hydroxytryptophan and 5-hydroxytryptamine levels, which were linked with TIF, correlated with nine specific genera. Plasma tryptophan level was positively correlated with Clostridium IV,Turicibacter, Pseudomonas and Lactobacillales, and negatively correlated with Oscillibacter, Blautia, and Intestinimonas, which possess the genes encoding tryptophan synthase (K16187), indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (K00463) and tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (K00453) and their corresponding enzymes (EC:1.13.11.52 and EC:1.13.11.11) that exacerbate TIF. In conclusion, UUO results in profound changes in the gut microbiome and circulating metabolites, events that contribute to the pathogenesis of inflammation and TIF.
Myoglobinopathy is an adult-onset autosomal dominant myopathy with characteristic sarcoplasmic inclusions
Authors: Olivé Montse , Engvall Martin , Ravenscroft Gianina , Cabrera-Serrano Macarena , Jiao Hong , Bortolotti Carlo Augusto , Pignataro Marcello , Lambrughi Matteo , Jiang Haibo , Forrest Alistair R. R. , Benseny-Cases Núria , Hofbauer Stefan , Obinger Christian , Battistuzzi Gianantonio , Bellei Marzia , Borsari Marco , Di Rocco Giulia , Viola Helena M. , Hool Livia C. , Cladera Josep , Lagerstedt-Robinson Kristina , Xiang Fengqing , Wredenberg Anna , Miralles Francesc , Baiges Juan José , Malfatti Edoardo , Romero Norma B. , Streichenberger Nathalie , Vial Christophe , Claeys Kristl G. , Straathof Chiara S. M. , Goris An , Freyer Christoph , Lammens Martin , Bassez Guillaume , Kere Juha , Clemente Paula , Sejersen Thomas , Udd Bjarne , Vidal Noemí , Ferrer Isidre , Edström Lars , Wedell Anna , Laing Nigel G. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractMyoglobin, encoded byMB, is a small cytoplasmic globular hemoprotein highly expressed in cardiac myocytes and oxidative skeletal myofibers. Myoglobin binds O2,facilitates its intracellular transport and serves as a controller of nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species. Here, we identify a recurrent c.292C>T (p.His98Tyr) substitution inMBin fourteen members of six European families suffering from an autosomal dominant progressive myopathy with highly characteristic sarcoplasmic inclusions in skeletal and cardiac muscle. Myoglobinopathy manifests in adulthood with proximal and axial weakness that progresses to involve distal muscles and causes respiratory and cardiac failure. Biochemical characterization reveals that the mutant myoglobin has altered O2binding, exhibits a faster heme dissociation rate and has a lower reduction potential compared to wild-type myoglobin. Preliminary studies show that mutant myoglobin may result in elevated superoxide levels at the cellular level. These data define a recognizable muscle disease associated withMBmutation.
Self-sharpening induces jet-like structure in seafloor gravity currents
Authors: Dorrell R. M. , Peakall J. , Darby S. E. , Parsons D. R. , Johnson J. , Sumner E. J. , Wynn R. B. , Özsoy E. , Tezcan D. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractGravity currents are the primary means by which sediments, solutes and heat are transported across the ocean-floor. Existing theory of gravity current flow employs a statistically-stable model of turbulent diffusion that has been extant since the 1960s. Here we present the first set of detailed spatial data from a gravity current over a rough seafloor that demonstrate that this existing paradigm is not universal. Specifically, in contrast to predictions from turbulent diffusion theory, self-sharpened velocity and concentration profiles and a stable barrier to mixing are observed. Our new observations are explained by statistically-unstable mixing and self-sharpening, by boundary-induced internal gravity waves; as predicted by recent advances in fluid dynamics. Self-sharpening helps explain phenomena such as ultra-long runout of gravity currents and restricted growth of bedforms, and highlights increased geohazard risk to marine infrastructure. These processes likely have broader application, for example to wave-turbulence interaction, and mixing processes in environmental flows.
Scalable preparation of alternating block copolymer particles with inverse bicontinuous mesophases
Authors: Lv Fei , An Zesheng , Wu Peiyi 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBlock copolymer particles with controlled morphologies are of great significance in nanomaterials and nanotechnology. However, ordered inverse morphologies are difficult to achieve due to complex mechanism and formation conditions. Here we report scalable preparation of amphiphilic alternating block copolymer particles with inverse bicontinuous mesophases via polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA). Concentrated dispersion copolymerizations (up to 40% solid content) of styrene (St) and pentafluorostyrene (PFS) employing a short poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide) (PDMA29) stabilizer block lead to the formation of well-defined, highly asymmetric PDMA29-b-P(St-alt-PFS)x block copolymers with precise compositions and various morphologies, from simple spheres to ordered inverse cubosome mesophases. The particle morphology is affected by the molecular weight, solid content, and nature of the cosolvents. The cubosome structure is confirmed by electron microscopies and small angle X-ray scattering spectroscopy. This scalable PISA approach offers facile access to ordered inverse mesophases, significantly expanding the PISA morphology scope and enabling its applicability to the materials science fields.
Directing curli polymerization with DNA origami nucleators
Authors: Mao Xiuhai , Li Ke , Liu Mengmeng , Wang Xinyu , Zhao Tianxin , An Bolin , Cui Mengkui , Li Yingfeng , Pu Jiahua , Li Jiang , Wang Lihua , Lu Timothy K. , Fan Chunhai , Zhong Chao 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe physiological or pathological formation of fibrils often relies on molecular-scale nucleators that finely control the kinetics and structural features. However, mechanistic understanding of how protein nucleators mediate fibril formation in cells remains elusive. Here, we develop a CsgB-decorated DNA origami (CB-origami) to mimic protein nucleators in Escherichia coli biofilm that direct curli polymerization. We show that CB-origami directs curli subunit CsgA monomers to form oligomers and then accelerates fibril formation by increasing the proliferation rate of primary pathways. Fibrils grow either out from (departure mode) or towards the nucleators (arrival mode), implying two distinct roles of CsgB: as nucleation sites and as trap sites to capture growing nanofibrils in vicinity. Curli polymerization follows typical stop-and-go dynamics but exhibits a higher instantaneous elongation rate compared with independent fibril growth. This origami nucleator thus provides an in vitro platform for mechanistically probing molecular nucleation and controlling directional fibril polymerization for bionanotechnology.
Sulfisoxazole inhibits the secretion of small extracellular vesicles by targeting the endothelin receptor A
Authors: Im Eun-Ju , Lee Chan-Hyeong , Moon Pyong-Gon , Rangaswamy Gunassekaran Gowri , Lee Byungheon , Lee Jae Man , Lee Jae-Chul , Jee Jun-Goo , Bae Jong-Sup , Kwon Taeg-Kyu , Kang Keon-Wook , Jeong Myeong-Seon , Lee Joo-Eun , Jung Hyun-Suk , Ro Hyun-Joo , Jun Sangmi , Kang Wonku , Seo Seung-Yong , Cho Young-Eun , Song Byoung-Joon , Baek Moon-Chang 
Published: March 2019

AbstractInhibitors of the secretion of cancer exosomes, which promote cancer progression and metastasis, may not only accelerate exosome biology research but also offer therapeutic benefits for cancer patients. Here we identify sulfisoxazole (SFX) as an inhibitor of small extracellular vesicles (sEV) secretion from breast cancer cells through interference with endothelin receptor A (ETA). SFX, an FDA-approved oral antibiotic, showed significant anti-tumor and anti-metastatic effects in mouse models of breast cancer xenografts, the reduced expression of proteins involved in biogenesis and secretion of sEV, and triggered co-localization of multivesicular endosomes with lysosomes for degradation. We demonstrate the important role of ETA, as target of SFX, by gain- and loss-of-function studies of the ETA protein, through a direct binding assay, and pharmacological and genetic approaches. These findings may provide a foundation for sEV-targeted cancer therapies and the mechanistic studies on sEV biology.
Atomically dispersed nickel–nitrogen–sulfur species anchored on porous carbon nanosheets for efficient water oxidation
Authors: Hou Yang , Qiu Ming , Kim Min Gyu , Liu Pan , Nam Gyutae , Zhang Tao , Zhuang Xiaodong , Yang Bin , Cho Jaephil , Chen Mingwei , Yuan Chris , Lei Lecheng , Feng Xinliang 
Published: March 2019

AbstractDeveloping low-cost electrocatalysts to replace precious Ir-based materials is key for oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Here, we report atomically dispersed nickel coordinated with nitrogen and sulfur species in porous carbon nanosheets as an electrocatalyst exhibiting excellent activity and durability for OER with a low overpotential of 1.51 V at 10 mA cm−2 and a small Tafel slope of 45 mV dec−1 in alkaline media. Such electrocatalyst represents the best among all reported transition metal- and/or heteroatom-doped carbon electrocatalysts and is even superior to benchmark Ir/C. Theoretical and experimental results demonstrate that the well-dispersed molecular S|NiNx species act as active sites for catalyzing OER. The atomic structure of S|NiNx centers in the carbon matrix is clearly disclosed by aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy and synchrotron radiation X-ray absorption spectroscopy together with computational simulations. An integrated photoanode of nanocarbon on a Fe2O3 nanosheet array enables highly active solar-driven oxygen production.
Role of innate lymphoid cells and dendritic cells in intradermal immunization of the enterovirus antigen
Authors: Fan Shengtao , Liao Yun , Lian Yaru , Jiang Guorun , Jiang Li , Dong Chenhong , Yang Erxia , Wang Lichun , Xu Xingli , Feng Min , Zhang Ying , Li Qihan 
Published: March 2019

AbstractEnterovirus type 71 (EV71) and coxsackievirus A 16 (CA16) are the major pathogens of human hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD). In our previous study, intramuscular immunization with the inactivated EV71 vaccine elicited effective immunity, while immunization with the inactivated CA16 vaccine did not. In this report, we focused on innate immune responses elicited by inactivated EV71 and CA16 antigens administered intradermally or intramuscularly. The distributions of the EV71 and CA16 antigens administered intradermally or intramuscularly were not obviously different, but the antigens were detected for a shorter period of time when administered intradermally. The expression levels of NF-κB pathway signaling molecules, which were identified as being capable of activating DCs, ILCs, and T cells, were higher in the intradermal group than in the intramuscular group. Antibodies for the EV71 and CA16 antigens colocalized with ILCs and DCs in skin and muscle tissues under fluorescence microscopy. Interestingly, ILC colocalization decreased over time, while DC colocalization increased over time. ELISpot analysis showed that coordination between DCs and ILCs contributed to successful adaptive immunity against vaccine antigens in the skin. EV71 and/or CA16 antigen immunization via the intradermal route was more capable of significantly increasing neutralizing antibody titers and activating specific T cell responses than immunization via the intramuscular route. Furthermore, neonatal mice born to mothers immunized with the EV71 and CA16 antigens were 100% protected against wild-type EV71 or CA16 viral challenge. Together, our results provide new insights into the development of vaccines for HFMD.
Sequential conditioning-stimulation reveals distinct gene- and stimulus-specific effects of Type I and II IFN on human macrophage functions
Authors: Cheng Quen , Behzadi Faraz , Sen Supriya , Ohta Sho , Spreafico Roberto , Teles Rosane , Modlin Robert L. , Hoffmann Alexander 
Published: March 2019

AbstractMacrophages orchestrate immune responses by sensing and responding to pathogen-associated molecules. These responses are modulated by prior conditioning with cytokines such as interferons (IFNs). Type I and II IFN have opposing functions in many biological scenarios, yet macrophages directly stimulated with Type I or II IFN activate highly overlapping gene expression programs. We hypothesized that a sequential conditioning-stimulation approach would reveal with greater specificity the differential effects of Type I and II IFN on human macrophages. By first conditioning with IFN then stimulating with toll-like receptor ligands and cytokines, followed by genome-wide RNA-seq analysis, we identified 713 genes whose expression was unaffected by IFN alone but showed potentiated or diminished responses to a stimulus after conditioning. For example, responses to the cytokine TNF were restricted by Type II IFN conditioning but potentiated by Type I IFN conditioning. We observed that the effects of IFN were not uniformly pro- or anti-inflammatory, but highly gene-specific and stimulus-specific. By assessing expression levels of key signal transducers and characterizing chromatin accessibility by ATAC-seq, we identify the likely molecular mechanisms underlying Type I and Type II-specific effects, distinguishing between modulation of cytoplasmic signaling networks and the nuclear epigenome that synergistically regulate macrophage immune responses.
A facile approach to calculating superconducting transition temperatures in the bismuth solid phases
Authors: Rodríguez Isaías , Hinojosa-Romero David , Valladares Alexander , Valladares Renela M. , Valladares Ariel A. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractAll solid phases of bismuth under pressure, but one, have been experimentally found to superconduct. From Bi-I to Bi-V, avoiding Bi-IV, they become superconductors and perhaps Bi-IV may also become superconductive. To investigate the influence of the electronic properties N(E) and the vibrational properties F(ω) on their superconductivity we have ab initio calculated them for the corresponding experimental crystalline structures, and using a BCS approach have been able to determine their critical temperatures Tc obtaining results close to experiment: For Bi-I (The Wyckoff Phase) we predicted a transition temperature of less than 1.3 mK and a year later a Tc of 0.5 mK was measured; for Bi-II Tc is 3.9 K measured and 3.6 K calculated; Bi-III has a measured Tc of 7 K and 6.5 K calculated for the structure reported by Chen et al., and for Bi-V Tc ~ 8 K measured and 6.8 K calculated. Bi-IV has not been found to be a superconductor, but we have recently predicted a Tc of 4.25 K.
Prioritization of potential vaccine targets using comparative proteomics and designing of the chimeric multi-epitope vaccine against Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Solanki Vandana , Tiwari Monalisa , Tiwari Vishvanath 
Published: March 2019

AbstractMultidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the worldwide health problems involved in elevated mortality and morbidity. Therefore, it is important to find a therapeutic for this pathogen. In the present study, we have designed a chimeric vaccine against P. aeruginosa with the help of comparative proteomics and reverse vaccinology approaches. Using comparative subtractive proteomic analysis of 1,191 proteomes of P. aeruginosa, a total of twenty unique non-redundant proteomes were selected. In these proteomes, fifteen outer membrane proteins (OMPs) of P. aeruginosa were selected based on the basis of hydrophilicity, non-secretory nature, low transmembrane helix (<1), essentiality, virulence, pathway association, antigenic, and protein-protein network analysis. Reverse vaccinology approach was used to identify antigenic and immunogenic MHC class I, MHC class II and B cell epitopes present in the selected OMPs that can enhance T cell and B cell mediated immunogenicity. The selected epitopes were shortlisted based on their allergenicity, toxicity potentials, solubility, and hydrophilicity analysis. Immunogenic peptides were used to design a multi-epitope vaccine construct. Immune-modulating adjuvants and PADRE (Pan HLA-DR epitopes) sequence were added with epitopes sequence to enhance the immunogenicity. All the epitopes, adjuvants and PADRE sequence were joined by linkers. The designed vaccine constructs (VT1, VT2, VT3, and VT4) were analyzed by their physiochemical properties using different tools. Selected chimeric vaccine constructs (VT1, VT3, and VT4) were further shortlisted by their docking score with different HLA alleles. The final selected VT4 construct was docked with TLR4/MD2 complex and confirmed by molecular dynamics simulation studies. The final vaccine VT-4 construct was in-silico cloned in pET28a. Therefore, the designed construct VT4 may be studied to control the interaction of P. aeruginosa with host and infection caused by P. aeruginosa.