bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detecting and tracking depression through temporal topic modeling of tweets: insights from a 180-day study
Authors: Chandrasekaran Ranganathan , Kotaki Suhas , Nagaraja Abhilash Hosaagrahaara 
Published: December 2024

AbstractDepression affects over 280 million people globally, yet many cases remain undiagnosed or untreated due to stigma and lack of awareness. Social media platforms like X (formerly Twitter) offer a way to monitor and analyze depression markers. This study analyzes Twitter data 90 days before and 90 days after a self-disclosed clinical diagnosis. We gathered 246,637 tweets from 229 diagnosed users. CorEx topic modeling identified seven themes: causes, physical symptoms, mental symptoms, swear words, treatment, coping/support mechanisms, and lifestyle, and conditional logistic regression assessed the odds of these themes occurring post-diagnosis. A control group of healthy users (284,772 tweets) was used to develop and evaluate machine learning classifiers—support vector machines, naive Bayes, and logistic regression—to distinguish between depressed and non-depressed users. Logistic regression and SVM performed best. These findings show the potential of Twitter data for tracking depression and changes in symptoms, coping mechanisms, and treatment use.
Probing jet dynamics and collimation in radio galaxies
Authors: Saiz-Pérez Ainara , Fromm Christian M. , Perucho Manel , Porth Oliver , Kadler Matthias , Mizuno Yosuke , Chael Andrew , Mannheim Karl 
Published: December 2024

Context. Radio galaxies with visible two-sided jet structures, such as NGC 1052, are sources of particular interest for studying the collimation and shock structure of active galactic nuclei jets. High-resolution very long baseline interferometry observations of such sources can resolve and study the jet collimation profile and probe different physical mechanisms.
Aims. In this paper, we study the physics of double-sided radio sources at parsec scales, and in particular investigate whether propagating shocks can give rise to the observed asymmetry between a jet and a counterjet.
Methods. We carried out special relativistic hydrodynamic simulations and performed radiative transfer calculations of an over-pressured perturbed jet. During the radiative transfer calculations, we incorporated both thermal and nonthermal emission, while taking the finite speed of light into account. To further compare our results to observations, we created more realistic synthetic data including the properties of the observing array as well as the image reconstruction via multifrequency regularized maximum likelihood methods. We finally introduced a semiautomated method of tracking jet components and extracting jet kinematics.
Results. We show that propagating shocks in an inherently symmetric double-sided jet can lead to partially asymmetric jet collimation profiles due to time delay effects and relativistic beaming. These asymmetries may appear in specific epochs, with one jet evolving near conically and the other one parabolically (the width profile evolving with a slope of ≈1 and ≈0.5, respectively). However, these spurious asymmetries are not significant when observing the source evolve for an extended amount of time.
Conclusions. Purely observational effects are not enough to explain a persistent asymmetry in the jet collimation profile of double-sided jet sources and hint at evidence for asymmetrically launched jets.
Exploring spectropolarimetric inversions using neural fields
Authors: Díaz Baso C. J. , Asensio Ramos A. , de la Cruz Rodríguez J. , da Silva Santos J. M. , Rouppe van der Voort L. 
Published: December 2024

Context. Full-Stokes polarimetric datasets, originating from slit-spectrograph or narrow-band filtergrams, are routinely acquired nowadays. The data rate is increasing with the advent of bi-dimensional spectropolarimeters and observing techniques that allow long-time sequences of high-quality observations. There is a clear need to go beyond the traditional pixel-by-pixel strategy in spectropolarimetric inversions by exploiting the spatiotemporal coherence of the inferred physical quantities that contain valuable information about the conditions of the solar atmosphere.
Aims. We explore the potential of neural networks as a continuous representation of the physical quantities over time and space (also known as neural fields), for spectropolarimetric inversions.
Methods. We have implemented and tested a neural field to perform one of the simplest forms of spectropolarimetric inversions, the inference of the magnetic field vector under the weak-field approximation (WFA). By using a neural field to describe the magnetic field vector, we regularized the solution in the spatial and temporal domain by assuming that the physical quantities are continuous functions of the coordinates. This technique can be trivially generalized to account for more complex inversion methods.
Results. We have tested the performance of the neural field to describe the magnetic field of a realistic 3D magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulation. We have also tested the neural field as a magnetic field inference tool (approach also known as physics-informed neural networks) using the WFA as our radiative transfer model. We investigated the results in synthetic and real observations of the Ca II 8542 Å line. We also explored the impact of other explicit regularizations, such as using the information of an extrapolated magnetic field, or the orientation of the chromospheric fibrils.
Conclusions. Compared to traditional pixel-by-pixel inversions, the neural field approach improves the fidelity of the reconstruction of the magnetic field vector, especially the transverse component. This implicit regularization is a way of increasing the effective signal to noise of the observations. Although it is slower than the pixel-wise WFA estimation, this approach shows a promising potential for depth-stratified inversions, by reducing the number of free parameters and inducing spatiotemporal constraints in the solution.
Evidenzbasierte Sport- und Bewegungsprogramme für Menschen mit
depressiven Erkrankungen
Authors: Sudeck Gorden , Fiedler David Victor , Rosenstiel Stephanie , Peters Stefan 
Published: December 2024

ZusammenfassungAuf Basis einer erweiterten Erkenntnislage zu Wirkungen von körperlicher
Aktivität auf die psychische Gesundheit haben bewegungsbezogene Empfehlungen
verstärkten Eingang in Leitlinien und Positionspapiere zur Behandlung
depressiver Erkrankungen gefunden. Demgegenüber steht ein unzureichendes Angebot
an evidenzbasierten Sport- und Bewegungsprogrammen für Menschen mit depressiven
Erkrankungen in relevanten Bereichen der Gesundheitsversorgung. Während Sport-
und Bewegungstherapien in der Rehabilitation oder in der stationär-klinischen
Versorgung bereits vielfach verankert sind, ist für den Bereich der ambulanten
Primärversorgung sowohl national als auch international eine
„Implementierungslücke“ zu konstatieren. Der Beitrag trägt vor diesem
Hintergrund zunächst aktuelle Empfehlungen aus Leitlinien und Positionspapieren
zusammen, um darauf aufbauend die Notwendigkeit zur differenzierten Betrachtung
von personalen und kontextuellen Faktoren im Zusammenhang mit psychischen
Gesundheitswirkungen von körperlicher Aktivität zu erörtern. Am Beispiel zweier
aktueller Versorgungsprojekte (ImPuls; STEP.De) wird zum einen ein
Beschreibungsmodell mit dem Schwerpunkt „kontextuelle Einflussfaktoren für
Effekte körperlicher Aktivität auf die psychische Gesundheit“ illustriert. Zum
anderen wird die Gestaltung aktueller Sport- und Bewegungsprogramme im Kontext
der ambulanten Primärversorgung beleuchtet, die zur Schließung von
Versorgungslücken evidenzbasiert beitragen können. Die abschließenden
Implikationen skizzieren weiteren Forschungs- und Entwicklungsbedarf, wobei
insbesondere Fragen der Individualisierung und nachhaltigen Bewegungsförderung
für Menschen mit depressiven Erkrankungen thematisiert werden.
Bestimmung des Ernährungszustandes von mediterranen Landschildkröten
(Testudo spp.) – eine Übersicht
Authors: Frankenberger Julia , Kölle Petra 
Published: December 2024

ZusammenfassungDie Beurteilung des Ernährungszustandes ist bei allen Patienten ein wichtiger
Bestandteil der Allgemeinuntersuchung. Bei Landschildkröten stellt dies aufgrund
ihrer besonderen Anatomie und der Einschränkungen durch den Panzer eine
Herausforderung dar. Trotz ihrer Beliebtheit und des entsprechend hohen
Aufkommens in der tierärztlichen Praxis existiert derzeit kein etablierter
Standard für die Bewertung ihres Ernährungszustandes und der Körperkondition.
Die Auswahl der Untersuchungsmethode ist abhängig von der Ausstattung der
jeweiligen Praxis. Da jede Methode Vor- und Nachteile hat, sollte die Erhebung
des Ernährungszustandes bei Landschildkröten immer auf mehreren Faktoren
basieren. Detailliertes Wissen über die Physiologie von Schildkröten ist bei der
Wahl der richtigen Methode von essenzieller Bedeutung. Der Artikel bietet einen
Überblick über die derzeit bekanntesten Methoden und der Anwendungsmöglichkeiten
in der tierärztlichen Praxis unter Berücksichtigung der physiologischen
Besonderheiten von Landschildkröten.
Prospective Cohort Study Investigating Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Chronic Lung Disease in Preterm Infants
Authors: Igawa Teryn , Gillespie Tessa C. , Kim Esther S. , Lee Lauren J. , Grogan Tristan , Chu Alison , Calkins Kara L. 
Published: December 2024

Objective Chronic lung disease (CLD) is a complication of prematurity. Studies examining the effects of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs) on CLD are conflicting. This study investigated LC-PUFAs in the red blood cell membrane (RBCM) in preterm infants.
Study Design This prospective observational study included infants with gestational age <32 weeks or birth weight <2 kg and at least one LC-PUFA measurement in the first month of life. Subjects without CLD (CON group) were compared with those with CLD (CLD group) and then by CLD severity.
Results Seventy infants were included (CON n = 29; CLD n = 41). Twenty-six infants had Grade 1 CLD; 12 had Grade 2 CLD; 3 had Grade 3 CLD. When the CLD group was compared with the CON group, the overall mean (95% confidence interval) RBCM% for linoleic acid (LA) was similar (CLD vs. CON 12.5% [11.7–13.4%] vs. 11.2% [10.2–12.3%], p = 0.06) but the overall mean arachidonic acid (ARA) was lower (17.6% [17.1–18.0%] vs. 18.6% [18.1–19.2%], p < 0.01). During weeks 1 to 4, LA% was similar, while ARA% was lower in weeks 2 and 3 (18.8 ± 2.2% vs. 20.0 ± 1.5%, p = 0.05, 16.8 ± 2.0% vs. 18.3 ± 1.6%, p = 0.01). A similar trend was noted when groups were compared by CLD severity. The CLD group had a higher overall mean α-linolenic acid (ALA) compared with the CON group (0.4% [0.3–0.4%] vs. 0.2% [0.2–0.3%], p < 0.01) but no difference in docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; 3.8% [3.4–4.1%] vs. 3.8% [3.4–4.3%], p = 0.80). During weeks 1 to 4, ALA% was higher during week 1 only (0.4 ± 0.3% vs. 0.2 ± 0.1%, p < 0.01), and DHA% was similar for weeks 1 to 4. Results were similar when groups were compared by CLD severity.
Conclusion In this study, low ARA status was associated with CLD.
Key Points
The bonded interfacial layer structure of α-Al2O3 (0001)/water at different pH values studied by sum frequency vibrational spectroscopy
Authors: Sun Shumei , Yao Huanzhen , Pan Jiabao , Xian Zhenzhe 
Published: December 2024

Oxide/water interfaces are ubiquitous, with alumina/water drawing particular interest due to its environmental and industrial applications. Understanding the interfacial structure at the molecular level is crucial for many physical and chemical processes occurring there. However, the exact structure of interfacial H-bonded network at different pH values remains unclear. Here, sum-frequency vibrational spectroscopy in the OH stretch region was employed to study α-Al2O3 (0001)/water interface at different pH values, while suppressing the contribution of the diffusion layer by adding salts. The experimental results revealed although the variation of pH can charge the surface, it has little impact on the structure of the bonded interfacial layer (BIL). The interaction between alumina and water is mainly governed by weak hydrogen bonds. Furthermore, the templating effect of α-Al2O3 (0001) on the interfacial H-bonded network was observed, with the O–H stretch mode of ∼3430 cm−1 exhibiting anisotropy consistent with the (0001) surface symmetry. These findings indicate that the BIL structure on Al2O3 (0001) is predominantly influenced by the surface atom configuration, and the effect of charge changes induced by pH on the BIL structure is negligible.
Operational field trialling of Felixer™ grooming traps for the control of feral cats in the Strzelecki Desert, Australia
Authors: Pedler R. D. , Read J. L. , Moseby K. E. , Hunt T. J. , Lynch C. E. , Cullen D. B. , Coulter B. , Kingsford R. T. , West R. S. 
Published: December 2024

Context Feral cats (Felis catus) have an impact on native wildlife populations around the world but are difficult to control because of their neophobic behaviours and preference for live prey over scavenging poisoned baits. Felixers™ address these challenges by squirting poison-gel directly onto feral cats, exploiting their fastidious oral grooming tendencies to facilitate poison ingestion. Aims This study trialled Felixers in a landscape-scale arid-ecosystem site to assess their capacity to sustainably manage cat populations in a semi-bounded in situ predator training area and to eradicate cat incursions into a feral-free safe haven. Specifically, the aims were to determine target specificity and firing rates; optimise installation sites to exploit cat behaviour and landscape features; assess the fate of individuals following Felixer interaction; and assess the overall cost, performance and efficacy of Felixers compared with conventional cat control methods. Methods Up to nine Felixers were simultaneously deployed across three trial periods, spanning 30 months (4,642 trap nights) in Sturt National Park in the Strzelecki Desert dunefields of Australia. Felixers were deployed within and outside of feral-free safe havens, at varying cat densities, with populations monitored through camera-trap activity indices and individual behaviour monitored through satellite tracking. Key results Felixers fired at 20.3–43.9% of cats that passed in front (292 of 1,144 cats), with the remainder failing to satisfy the discriminatory algorithm’s target criteria. The devices had 99.93% target specificity from 17,425 interactions with moving animals and objects. Overall cat activity was lower in a semi-bounded 10,400 ha landscape-scale area where Felixers were intensively used, relative to an adjacent unbounded area where no cat control was occurring, over a 12-month subset of the 30-month trial. Felixers also resolved one of two incursions by cats into a 2,000 ha safe haven. Optimisation of Felixer placement and upgrading of software drove improvements in technical reliability and target identification during the trial. Shortcomings included cost and high incidence of technical faults, causing significant downtime and requiring regular investment of field staff time for monitoring and resolution. Conclusions Felixers provide a safe tool for cat management and eradication at intensively managed conservation sites. Efficacy could be improved through reductions in cost and improvements in reliability. Implications Overall Felixers appear to be an effective tool for cat management, when used in an integrated approach.
Gourmet Gardens: The Edible Flower Revolution
Authors: Kataria Priyanka 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Edible flowers have an extensive past, having been utilized for both medicinal and culinary purposes in many diverse cultures for ages. Edible flower diversity offers various flavors, colors, and health advantages. Well-known edible flower varieties include marigolds and roses, while lesser-known possibilities include butterfly pea flowers and pansies. To maintain their nutritional value and attractiveness, edible flowers must undergo rigorous cultivation, meticulous handling, and adherence to safety regulations throughout the process from harvest to the consumer’s plate. They are high in bioactive compounds including flavonoids, vitamins, and antioxidants but low in calories. Health advantages may result from these functional qualities, which also may include anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity. Even while edible flowers have many advantages, their safety profile is important. This involves correct identification, chemical-free production, and compliance with food safety regulations. Edible flowers are currently being employed in a growing variety of industries, including gourmet restaurants, health-conscious food products, and natural cosmetic formulations. The future of edible flowers includes greater environmental practices, innovative product creation, and further integration into mainstream markets. In summary, edible flowers have great promise across a range of businesses and provide a unique combination of traditional and contemporary health advantages.

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© The Author 2024
Advancements in Bioactive Intelligent Packaging: Enhancing Food Safety and Sustainability
Authors: Mohd Hatta Farah Ayuni 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Food safety and security are vital concerns for consumers and the food industry, necessitating innovative solutions to mitigate risks associated with foodborne diseases. Bioactive intelligent packaging is at the forefront of technological advancements in food preservation, which utilizes non-toxic and environmentally friendly materials. By incorporating bioactive materials, the packaging can interact with its contents and the surrounding environment, thereby extending the shelf life of food products and supporting food safety. This case study highlights the potential of natural colourants as effective bioactive materials, showcasing their chemical, thermal, and physical sensitivity, along with their antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. Specifically, the indicators used in intelligent packaging can change colour in response to specific stimuli, such as the presence of oxygen or damage to the package, signalling potential spoilage or compromised integrity. This capability is particularly beneficial in the food industry, where it can help prevent waste and improve supply chain management by ensuring that products are consumed while still fresh. Additionally, the incorporation of bioactive materials into the packaging system allows for interaction with the food contents, further extending shelf life and preserving food integrity. Despite the promising developments, the study emphasizes the need for further research and development to facilitate the commercial application of these technologies and meet the growing demand for safe and nutritious food products.

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© The Author 2024
Colloidal quantum dots as solution-based nanomaterials for infrared technologies
Authors: Sevim Ünlütürk Seçil , Taşcıoğlu Didem , Özçelik Serdar 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This review focuses on recent progress of wet-chemistry-based synthesis methods for infrared (IR) colloidal quantum dots (CQD), semiconductor nanocrystals with a narrow energy bandgap that absorbs and/or emits IR photos covering from 0.7 to 25 micrometers. The sections of the review are colloidal synthesis, precursor reactivity, cation exchange, doping and de-doping, surface passivation and ligand exchange, intraband transitions, quenching and purification, and future directions. The colloidal synthesis section is organized based on precursors employed: toxic substances as mercury- and lead-based metals and non-toxic substances as indium- and silver-based metal precursors. CQDs are prepared by wet-chemical methods that offer advantages such as precise spectral tunability by adjusting particle size or particle composition, easy fabrication and integration of solution-based CQDs (as inks) with complementary metal-oxide-semiconductors, reduced cost of material manufacturing, and good performances of IR CQD-made optoelectronic devices for non-military applications. These advantages may allow facile and materials’ cost-reduced device fabrications that make CQD based IR technologies accessible compared to optoelectronic devices utilizing epitaxially grown semiconductors. However, precursor libraries should be advanced to improve colloidal IR quantum dot synthesis, enabling CQD based IR technologies available to consumer electronics. As the attention of academia and industry to CQDs continue to proliferate, the progress of precursor chemistry for IR CQDs could be rapid.
In situ embedding of resistance temperature detectors with the use of laser-foil-printing additive manufacturing
Authors: Turk Tunay , Dominguez Cesar E , Sutton Austin T , Bernardin John D , Park Jonghyun , Leu Ming C 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Additive manufacturing (AM) allows sensor embedding with the freedom of geometry flexibility. This research aims to experimentally determine the viability of integrating Platinum resistance temperature detectors into AM 304L stainless steel parts using laser foil printing (LFP) for real-time measurement applications. Using metal foils as a feedstock in LFP provides higher conductivity and faster cooling rate resulting in higher strength compared to powder-bed AM. However, one of the common challenges during the laser aided metal AM processes is that the heat accumulation can damage the embedded sensor. This study uses spot pattern welding processing strategy to mitigate these process-related risks by minimizing the melt pool volume during the layered fabrication process. High-temperature resistant ceramic adhesives are employed to fill the gap, and to create a conductive interface between the feedstock and the sensor. After curing the ceramic adhesives, in situ temperature measurement data are collected to investigate the success of the sensor embedding process. This work demonstrates the feasibility for LFP smart manufacturing, offering the potential for component embedding and an advanced real-time monitoring system.
Floquet dynamics of ultracold atoms in optical lattices with a parametrically modulated trapping potential
Authors: Ali Usman , Holthaus Martin , Meier Torsten 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Experiments with ultracold atoms in optical lattices usually involve a weak parabolic trapping potential which merely serves to confine the atoms, but otherwise remains negligible. In contrast, we suggest a different class of experiments in which the presence of a stronger trap is an essential part of the set-up. Because the trap-modified on-site energies exhibit a slowly varying level spacing, similar to that of an anharmonic oscillator, an additional time-periodic trap modulation with judiciously chosen parameters creates nonlinear resonances which enable efficient Floquet engineering. We employ a Mathieu approximation for constructing the near-resonant Floquet states in an accurate manner and demonstrate the emergence of effective ground states from the resonant trap eigenstates. Moreover, we show that the population of the Floquet states is strongly affected by the phase of a sudden turn-on of the trap modulation, which leads to significantly modified and rich dynamics. As a guideline for further studies, we argue that the deliberate population of only the resonance-induced effective ground states will allow one to realize Floquet condensates which follow classical periodic orbits, thus providing challenging future perspectives for the investigation of the quantum–classical correspondence.