bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the dose reduction capabilities in digital radiography of the chest using contrast-detail phantom
Authors: Vodovatov A. V. 
Published: March 2019

Assessment of the quality of the images obtained using optimized (low-dose) protocols is the inherent part of the optimization in X-ray diagnostics. To perform the objective quantitative image quality assessment one can use dedicated test-objects, including several components for the simultaneous measurement of the different physical image characteristics (contrast and spatial resolution). The use of such test objects allows estimating and assessing the relations between the patient dose, parameter of the X-ray examination and image quality. That is especially important for the optimization of the digital radiographic examinations performed with automated exposure control. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the possibilities of the patient dose reduction using “contrast-detail” test-object for the digital radiography of the chest in posterior-anterior projection performed with automated exposure control. The study was performed in St-Petersburg Mariinsky hospital on a digital X-ray unit “ARC-Electron” with a flat-panel detector. The combination of a test-object and a tissue-equivalent phantom were imaged on a range of chest X-ray protocols: on a 60–150 kV tube voltage range with automated exposure control; and using fixed 90 kV tube voltage on a range of 2–100 mAs tube current-exposure time product. Dose-area product (cGy×cm2) was measured for each exposure; effective dose (mSv) was estimated for each exposure based on dose-area product. A dedicated software was developed for the automated image quality assessment. The results of the study indicate that the use of a high tube voltage (140–150 kV) with current automated exposure control settings would lead to 60% and 95% reduction of the dose-area product and effective dose, respectively, compared to the standard protocol. The adjustment of the current automated exposure control settings with the reduction of the tube current-exposure time product from 11,2 mAs to the 4,2 mAs for the tube voltage of 90 kV would lead to the reduction of both the dose-area product and effective dose up to a factor of three, compared to the standard protocol. For both scenarios image quality characteristics decreased by less than 15%. The proposed low-dose protocols are under the clinical approbation at Mariinsky hospital. The proposed method of image quality assessment and development of low-dose protocols is recommended for inclusion in the quality assurance program for the radiography examinations.
Cost–effectiveness of standard utilization of zoledronic acid for bone metastases from advanced lung cancer in China
Authors: Yu Zhanwu , Liu Yu , Cui Ying , Ma Rui , Zhan Huan , Chen Wendong , Liu Hongxu 
Published: March 2019

Aim:
To assess the cost–effectiveness of standard utilization of zoledronic acid (ZA) relative to real-world utilization of ZA for bone metastasis (BM) in Chinese patients with advanced lung cancer.
Materials & methods:
A decision analytic model was constructed to simulate health benefits and medical costs associated with standard and real-world utilization of ZA for BM in Chinese patients with advanced lung cancer.
Results:
Compared with real-world utilization of ZA, standard utilization of ZA reduced cumulative risk of skeletal-related events (45.7 vs 63.6%), increased quality-adjusted life years (0.673 vs 0.626 QALY) and saved cumulated medical costs (¥343,163 vs ¥376,943).
Conclusion:
Standard utilization of ZA dominated real-world utilization of ZA for BM in Chinese patients with advanced lung cancer from cost–effectiveness perspective.
Knowledge Management System Pengembangan Karir Dosen Menggunakan SECI Model : Studi Kasus PadaUniversitas Mercu Buana
Authors: Iskandar Deny , Syahrial Hady 
Published: March 2019

Knowledge mengenai informasi, pengetahuan, aturan atau prosedur pengembangan karir dosen terkadang tidak sampai pada karyawan dosen ataupun staf lainnya, hal ini dikarenakan staf pada bagian kepangkatan dosen Biro Sumber Daya Manusia tidak selalu berada di tempat kerja dikarenakan ijin, sakit, cuti, perjalanan dinas atau hilangnya knowledge dikarenakanadanya staf yang dirotasi, staf yang mengundurkan diri atapun pensiun. Knowledge merupakan sumber daya atau aset yang sangat berharga bagi Universitas Mercu Buana, sehingga perlu dijaga dari segala macam sesuatu atau hal yang dapat membuat knowledge ituhilang, tidak terdokumentasikan atau tidak tersampaikan kepada staf atau karyawan dosen, untuk itu diperlukan sistem yaitu knowledge management system, untuk mengelola knowledge pengembangan karir dosen yang sudah ada dan yang akan datang secara berkesinambungan dan berkelanjutan, tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengembangkan knownledge management system pengembangan karir dosen dengan SECI model pada Universitas Mercu Buana agar knowledge mengenai pengembangan karir dosen dapat terdokumentasikan dan terdistribusikan kepada karyawan Universitas Mercu Buana.
Effect of Patients’ Life Stories in Bringing Meaning to Nursing Home Care
Authors: Qu Jane , Goldman Laura N. , Wilkinson Joanne E. 
Published: March 2019

Introduction: Although there is an increasing need for geriatricians, fewer physicians are entering the field. Family medicine residents find geriatrics, especially nursing home care, unsatisfying. Life stories of older adult patients may help providers cope with the challenges of nursing home care and increase provider satisfaction by offering a way to connect with patients.
Methods: We conducted a qualitative study on life stories’ effects on attitudes towards nursing home care. Fourteen patient stories were created. Seven Boston University family medicine residents and one nurse practitioner participated in a semistructured interview both before and at least 2 months after learning about their patients’ stories. Data were analyzed using qualitative techniques from grounded theory.
Results: Participants found nursing home care challenging, particularly for patients who were nonverbal due to advanced dementia, because they had difficulties forming meaningful relationships or discussing medical decisions with their patients. Life stories increased empathy, deepened relationships with patients, and led participants to feel more satisfied in their role as providers. The stories were considered useful for end-of-life discussions.
Conclusion: Life stories incorporated into physician practice may help health care providers feel more connected to their patients and ultimately more satisfied in the care of nursing home patients.
Analysis of kidney transplantation results in patients with chronic renal disease
Authors: Belyuk K. S. , Mogilevets E. V. , Povolanskiy Yu. I. , Sonchik A. K. , Pyshko A. Y. , Barkova A. N. , Logosh I. A. , Brukhanskaya Yu. N. , Kolontay E. V. , Kondel’ S. V. 
Published: March 2019

Introduction. The number of patients with chronic kidney disease has been steadily increasing throughout the world, which makes this pathology a pressing problem. The purpose. The analysis of heterotopic kidney transplantation results. Material and methods. The authors analyzed the experience of the clinical work arrangement, the results of operations, assessed the complication rate and the quality of life in 133 patients after heterotopic cadaveric kidney transplantation performed in the Grodno regional clinical hospital in the period from 2013 to mid August of 2018. Results. In the early postoperative period, complications occurred in 22 (13.5 %) patients, the postoperative mortality was 1.8% (3 patients). In the late postoperative period, the kidney explantation was performed in 4 (2.45%) patients, 6 patients died (3.7%) as a result of progressing comorbidities and complications (average at 15.6±9.8 months after transplantation). A 5-year predicted patient survival after heterotopic kidney transplantation calculated by using the Kaplan-Meier' method was 94.5%. Conclusions. Kidney transplantation in the Grodno Region, the results of operations, graft survival, quality of life and patient survival are comparable to international standards. A careful selection, examination, and preparation of patients for transplantation have a great effect on treatment outcomes.
Analysis of the Throttle Speed Control Efficiency in Volumetric Hydraulic Drives
Authors: Efremova K. D. , Pilgunov V. N. 
Published: March 2019

To control a movement speed of the output link of an executive hydraulic engine (hydraulic cylinder or hydraulic motor), volumetric hydraulic drives traditionally use volumetric and throttle control methods. Under volumetric control, a supply unit employs a pressure-regulated positive displacement pump, as a result of which it is impossible or difficult to separate and independently control the movement speed of the output links of the hydraulic cylinders. In case of throttle control, there is a significant dependence of the speed of the output link on the load it overcomes, a low efficiency of the hydraulic drive and hereto related active heating of the working fluid, as well as large energy losses. However, in embodiment, due to lack of an expensive variable pump, this method of control is much cheaper and can be used in a multi-channel hydraulic drive with a centralized supply unit.Depending on the throttling device localization in the hydraulic drive circuit, there are series (primary or secondary control) and parallel (working fluid bypass adjustment) throttle connection schemes. The secondary control scheme, which generates a pressure in the outlet of the executive hydraulic engine, is preferable due to the fact that it provides an increased pressure in both cavities of the executive hydraulic engine and, accordingly, a lack of combined air bubbles in the working fluid. Heat released in the throttle is discharged directly into the tank, and the pressure in the outlet reduces the danger level of the emergency situation consequences in the event of an unauthorized change in the sign of the load to be overcome. The quality of control is, mainly, assessed by the type of load characteristics, i.e. dependences of the output link speed and its developed power on the load to be overcome, as well as by the control efficiency (the total efficiency value of the regulating and executive subsystems of the hydraulic drive). The dependence of the dynamics and kinematics of the hydraulic drive on the control methods are of particular interest.The proposed paper, based on the developed mathematical models and their testing for specific sizes of hydraulic cylinders presents the numerical values of the load characteristics and dependences of the total efficiency on the load value to be overcome. Shows that the speed load characteristic steepness of an executive hydraulic cylinder and the sign of its derivative are determined by the throttle control method. The greatest power developed by the output link of the hydraulic engine is shifted to the loads that are 50 ... 70% of their maximum value.As a result of theoretical studies using numerical calculation methods, a technique has been developed for selecting a throttle control method with an assessment of its quality and efficiency. The results of the conducted studies expand the capabilities to forecast the dynamics and kinematics of the output link of the hydraulic drive at the stage of its engineering design.
Variation Analysis Application Experience for Mechanical Assembly Accuracy Assessment
Authors: Balashov Yu. V. , Logvin Yu. S. , Martynyuk V. A. 
Published: March 2019

The article presents experience in using the concrete Teamcenter - Variation Analysis system application to assess the accuracy of mechanical assemblies. When creating a geometric model of the product to be designed, modern CAD systems show the nominal geometry of a displayed part or mounting assembly with all the necessary annotations. It is natural that all necessary tolerances for linear and angular dimensions and also shape and location tolerances are assigned. But as a result of the statistical variation of the assigned tolerances, there are situations when individual parts, being classified as fit, are not assembled, or assembly defects are found just in the course of operation or repair of the finished product.Of all tolerances assigned at the design stage, it is necessary to emphasize the tolerances in face flatness, squareness, and parallelism and other tolerances of shape and location. The fact is that these tolerances ultimately determine the accuracy of an assembled product. Indeed, if the mating-in-the-assembly flat faces turn out to be insufficiently flat, this misalignment “brings to nought” all the efforts to achieve high accuracy of the parts to be joined. Repeated tests have shown that when assessing the individual contributions to a total error, the assembly inaccuracies turn out to be an order of magnitude more significant than errors in manufacturing of individual parts. The described Variation Analysis application is used to assess assembling inaccuracies.When analysing the individual parts, the described application can be effectively used to calculate dimension chains (direct and inverse problem). As is customary in many modern CAT systems, the Variation Analysis application takes into account the statistical variation of all the tolerances described. The user has to set the law of probability density distribution for all assigned tolerances in the intermediate items of the dimensional chain, and to perform a numerical experiment to simulate the entire parent population of random events. As a result, the obtained probability density distribution curve has a magnitude we are interested in, taking into account the statistical variation of tolerances in the intermediate items and the errors that occur during the product assembly. Moreover, the user can also have a certain protocol in which the system gives information on contribution that one or another assigned tolerance makes to the total error. This allows making efficacious corrections to the tolerances in order to obtain useful results.
Vehicle Vibration Safety Evaluation in the Time Domain
Authors: Zheglov L. F. , Fominykh A. B. 
Published: March 2019

The article is a sequel to studies of the nonlinear vibration isolation systems of a vehicle. The first published papers considered an application of the known methods of statistical linearization when determining the vibration safety performance in the frequency domain. The frequency domain is the most adaptive in the context of analysis of the obtained calculation results and evaluation of the initial dynamic system features. Therefore, a problem to determine the adequacy range of such calculations in the frequency and time domain is relevant.The paper deals with the problem of creating a technique to determine and analyze the spectral characteristics of the vehicle vibration isolation system when modeling in the time domain. Considers as an object, a nonlinear dynamic system equivalent to the nonlinear vibration isolation system of a vehicle under its spatial vibrations. In formulating a system of equations-of-motion of the adopted system a module-based method was used. As an example, the power unit is given. Modeling of input random perturbations, provided that the solutions obtained are adequate, is based on the recurrent difference equations. The subsequent transformation of the calculation results into the frequency domain is based on the finite Fourier transforms.To determine the final parameters which characterise the effectiveness of the vibration isolation system, at the first stage of calculations the dynamic system was tested in a linear setting.The vector of natural frequencies of a conservative system defined in the frequency domain was compared with the spectrum of natural frequencies (the frequency response) calculated in the time domain. Besides, the article has carried out a conformity evaluation of the amplitude-frequency characteristics obtained in the frequency and time domain and their determining accuracy. The obtained positive results made it possible to compare and analyze the spectral characteristics of vibration signals and dynamic system in its nonlinear and linearized formulation. The coherence function, the amplitude-frequency characteristic, the spectral density of perturbation and output vibration signal, the vehicle suspension and tyre load characteristics are considered as the analyzed ones. The article compares the output characteristics of the dynamic system under consideration for the case in linear, linearized, and nonlinear formulation of the problem.
THE EFFECT OF TRANSPARENCY, COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION, AND ACCOUNTABILITY ON MANAGEMENT OF VILLAGE FUNDS IN PONOROGO REGENCY
Authors: Wafirotin Khusnatul Zulfa , Septiviastuti Umi 
Published: March 2019

This study aims to determine the Effect of Transparency, Community Participation, and Accountability on Village Fund Management (DD) in Ponorogoregency. The research method used is quantitative descriptive with the type of data, namely primary data. Data collection techniques are carried out by distributing questionnaires to respondents. The study was conducted on villages in Pulung and Ngebel Subdistricts, this is because the two sub-districts were not on time in submitting the Realization Report on the Use of DD in the 2017 Budget year to Ponorogoregency DPMD. The population of this study is the Village Chief, Village Secretary, Village Treasurer, Kasi Development, Kasi Community Empowerment, and Chairman of the BPD. The sampling method used was saturated sampling. Based on the population and the sample determination method obtained 156 respondents. Effects of Transparency, Community Participation, and Accountability on DD Management in Ponorogoregency using multiple linear regression analysis and coefficient of determination. Test the quality of the data used is the test of validity and reliability. Furthermore, hypothesis testing using t and F test. The results of this study indicate that the first hypothesis, namely transparency, has a significant positive effect on DD management in Ponorogoregency. The second hypothesis of community participation has a significant positive effect on DD management in Ponorogoregency. The third hypothesis of accountability has a significant positive effect on DD management in Ponorogo.Regency. The fourth hypothesis obtained results that transparency, community participation, and accountability had a significant positive effect on DD management in Ponorogo.This was supported by the results of the recapitulation of respondents' answers and real conditions in the field. Kata kunci : Transparansi, Partisipasi Masyarakat, Akuntabilitas, Pengelolaan Dana Desa.
Preface to the Special Issue on Philosophy in Computer Science
Authors: Leciejewski Sławomir 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Fleck’s concept of thought style allows to realize the fact that in contemporary empirical sciences we deal with a computer thought style, as most research works are currently conducted with the use of computer-aided systems. In this article I support the thesis that contemporary research works are dominated by the computer research style. I refer to the findings of Fleck, Bolter, Castells, Crombie and Hacking.
High ratio of red-to-blue LED light improves the quality of Lachenalia ‘Rupert’ inflorescence
Authors: Wojciechowska Renata , Hanus-Fajerska Ewa , Kamińska Iwona , Koźmińska Aleksandra , Długosz-Grochowska Olga , Kapczyńska Anna 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
The southern African geophyte Lachenalia with an enormous number of species and cultivars is nowadays a commercially important plant material. There is a need for research on the optimization of growing conditions to obtain a satisfactory visual quality of potted plants, which may boost its production on the international ornamental market. Our research can be considered as an innovative study on supplemental irradiation with various light spectra in relation to flower quality of Lachenalia spp. The main objective was to examine the usefulness of LED lighting in extending the length of the natural day to a 16/8 h photoperiod in order to control the development of Lachenalia ‘Rupert’ inflorescence during greenhouse cultivation in Central-European winter time. Three light treatments were applied with red (660 nm) and blue (440 nm) light in different ratios: 100% red (100/0), 90% red mixed with 10% blue (90/10) and 80% red with 20% blue (80/20). The PPFD at the plant leaf level was approx. 150 µmol m−2 s−1. The most favourable spectrum, 90/10, induced the longest inflorescences characterized by the highest stem diameter with simultaneously the highest number of florets. Additionally, blue light increased the anthocyanin content in the corolla by about 35%, compared with plants exposed to 100% red light and non-irradiated ones (control plants). This first study on the wavelength ratios is aimed to increase the production quality of Lachenalia and indicates the need for continuation.
Chính sách phát triển nông nghiệp của Nhật Bản và một số hàm ý cho Việt Nam
Authors: Vinh Bao Ngoc 
Published: March 2019

Hiện nay, nền nông nghiệp Nhật Bản đang đứng hàng đầu thế giới về chất lượng và sản lượng. Quá trình đi lên trở thành nền nông nghiệp hàng đầu thế giới của Nhật Bản bắt đầu từ những thay đổi ở tầm chính sách vĩ mô từ sau chiến tranh thế giới lần thứ II. Nhật Bản đã đi từ các bước đầu tiên là cải cách đất nông nghiệp để xây dựng nhà nông tự chủ, thúc đẩy chuyển đổi cơ cấu sản xuất từ lúa sang sản phẩm có nhu cầu ngày càng cao trên cơ sở luật pháp. Từ những năm 1990, Nhật Bản áp dụng mạnh hơn nguyên lý thị trường trong sản xuất nông nghiệp, bảo đảm hài hoà với đời sống nông thôn.
Bài viết tập trung nghiên cứu để rút ra một số thành công trong chính sách phát triển nông nghiệp, nông thôn ở Nhật Bản theo hướng thâm canh với trình độ cơ giới hoá, hóa học hóa, thủy lợi hóa và điện khí hóa, từ đó rút ra một số hàm ý chính sách cho Việt Nam trong việc phát triển nông nghiệp theo hướng bền vững.
Seasonal Changes in the Occurrence of Listeria Monocytogenes in Duhok Province
Authors: Al-Brefkani Azad M. T. , Mammani Ismaeil M. A. 
Published: March 2019

Listeria monocytogenes are Gram-positive bacilli cause listeriosis, associated with high rates of hospitalization and mortality. A total of 1362 samples were investigated included 647 clinical samples and 715 from food. This study investigated the differences in the seasonal occurrence of L. monocytogenes in Kurdistan region-Iraq. L. monocytogeneswas found in 48 samples (3.52%) out of 1362 samples. There were 7/642(1.09%) human clinical samples diagnosed with cold and moderate weather (November, December 2016, and January, February, April 2017). While 41/715(5.73%) of L. monocytogenesisolates were found among food samples, meat samples (n=37) and dairy samples (n=4). A total of 37/476 (7.77%) of the L. monocytogenes isolates in meat samplesweredetected during warm weather (from July through October 2016). In addition, L. monocytogenesin dairy products was found to be by 4/239 (1.68%), were isolated during the moderate season (October, November 2016, and April, May 2017). The study found that the incidence of meat contamination by L. monocytogenesincrease significantly during the warm season in comparison with other seasons. Furthermore, the cases of human Listeriosis caused correlated well with the seasonal levels of L. monocytogenesfound in dairy products. A statistically significant difference in the occurrence of L. monocytogenesisolates and seasons were identified in this study (P value= <0.05).