bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metabolic conversion of CI-1040 turns a cellular MEK-inhibitor into an antibacterial compound
Authors: Bruchhagen Christin , Jarick Marcel , Mewis Carolin , Hertlein Tobias , Niemann Silke , Ohlsen Knut , Peters Georg , Planz Oliver , Ludwig Stephan , Ehrhardt Christina 
Published: June 2018

AbstractInfluenza virus (IV) infections cause severe respiratory illnesses that can be complicated by bacterial super-infections. Previously, we identified the cellular Raf-MEK-ERK cascade as a promising antiviral target. Inhibitors of MEK, such as CI-1040, showed potent antiviral activity. However, it remained unclear if this inhibitor and its active form, ATR-002, might sensitize host cells to either IV or secondary bacterial infections. To address these questions, we studied the anti-pathogen activity of ATR-002 in comparison to CI-1040, particularly, its impact on Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), which is a major cause of IV super-infections. We analysed IV and S. aureus titres in vitro during super-infection in the presence and absence of the drugs and characterized the direct impact of ATR-002 on bacterial growth and phenotypic changes. Importantly, neither CI-1040 nor ATR-002 treatment led to increased bacterial titres during super-infection, indicating that the drug does not sensitize cells for bacterial infection. In contrast, we rather observed reduced bacterial titres in presence of ATR-002. Surprisingly, ATR-002 also led to reduced bacterial growth in suspension cultures, reduced stress- and antibiotic tolerance without resistance induction. Our data identified for the first time that a particular MEK-inhibitor metabolite exhibits direct antibacterial activity, which is likely due to interference with the bacterial PknB kinase/Stp phosphatase signalling system.
The evolution of phase constitution and microstructure in iron-rich 2:17-type Sm-Co magnets with high magnetic performance
Authors: Zhang Chaoyue , Liu Zhuang , Li Ming , Liu Lei , Li Tianyi , Chen Renjie , Lee Don , Yan Aru 
Published: June 2018

AbstractIron-rich 2:17-type Sm-Co magnets are important for their potential to achieve high coercivity and maximum magnetic energy product. But the evolution of phase structure, which determines magnetic properties, remains an unsolved issue. In this study, the phase constitution and microstructure of solution-treated 2:17-type Sm-Co alloys are studied. The increase of Fe content promotes the ordering transformation from the 1:7H phase to partially ordered 2:17R and lamellar Zr-rich 1:3R phase. This ordering transformation is mainly due to the competitive atoms occupation of Zr, Fe and Sm in the 1:7H phase. To ease this competition, we modify Sm content in iron-rich 2:17-type Sm-Co magnets. Different solution precursors and corresponding cellular structures are observed. Solution precursor with 1:7H, partially ordered 2:17R, 2:17H and 1:3R phase evolves into uneven and incomplete cellular structures, while solution precursor with partially ordered 2:17R phase forms larger cell size with less lamellar phase, thus poor coercivity and magnetic energy product. However, solution precursors with single 1:7H phase evolve into uniform cellular structures and perform high coercivity and magnetic energy product. Our results indicate if a single 1:7H phase could be obtained in solution-treated 2:17-type Sm-Co magnets with higher iron content, much higher magnetic properties could be achieved.
0.18 mW/pole inverter‐based Gm‐C bandpass filter with automatic frequency tuning
Authors: Zhou Mingzhu , Wang Keping 
Published: June 2018

A low‐power Gm‐C filter with the elliptic prototype targeting wireless application of the IEEE 802.15.4 (ZigBee) standard is presented. A modified inverter‐based Gm cell is proposed to increase the current efficiency. Due to the tail current source, this Gm cell also shows better common‐mode rejection and power supply rejection performance than traditional operational transconductance amplifier (OTA) structure. The filter is implemented in a 65 nm CMOS process. It achieves a figure of merit of 0.01 fJ with a power consumption of 0.18 mW/pole from a 1.2 V supply voltage. It provides stopband attenuation better than 40 dB, and an in‐band IIP3 of 9 dBm. An automatic frequency tuning circuit based on sine‐wave PLL method is introduced to compensate for the process variations. The centre frequency and bandwidth can be simultaneously tuned to satisfy the specifications. They are also stable over the process variations with only 2.3% deviation.
A 0.6 V class‐AB rail‐to‐rail CMOS OTA exploiting threshold lowering
Authors: Centurelli F. , Monsurrò P. , Parisi G. , Tommasino P. , Trifiletti A. 
Published: June 2018

A class‐AB OTA (operational transconductance amplifier) topology with rail‐to‐rail input common‐mode range is proposed for application in very low‐voltage applications. High efficiency is achieved by reusing transistors both for class‐AB operation and for mirroring the output currents, and a threshold lowering technique is applied to allow supply voltages less than two threshold voltages. Simulations in 40 nm CMOS technology show 41 dB gain at ±0.3 V supply voltage, a unity‐gain frequency of 8.8 MHz on a 5 pF load, class‐AB behaviour and full rail‐to‐rail operation when closed in unity‐gain buffer configuration.
Integrated-light analyses vs. colour-magnitude diagrams
Authors: Ruiz-Lara T. , Gallart C. , Beasley M. , Monelli M. , Bernard E. J. , Battaglia G. , Sánchez-Blázquez P. , Florido E. , Pérez I. , Martín-Navarro I. 
Published: June 2018

Context. Most of our knowledge of the stellar component of galaxies is based on the analysis of distant systems and comes from integrated light data. It is important to test whether the results of the star formation histories (SFH) obtained with standard full-spectrum fitting methods are in agreement with those obtained through colour-magnitude diagram (CMD) fitting (usually considered the most reliable approach).
Aims. We compare SFHs recovered from the two techniques in Leo A, a Local Group dwarf galaxy most of whose stars formed during the last 8 Gyrs. This complements our previous findings in a field in the Large Magellanic Cloud bar, where star formation has been in progress since early epochs at varying rates.
Methods. We have used GTC/OSIRIS in long-slit mode to obtain a high-quality integrated light spectrum by scanning a selected region within Leo A, for which a CMD reaching the old main sequence turn-off (oMSTO) is available from HST. We compared the SFH obtained from the two datasets, using state-of-art methods of integrated light (STECKMAP) and resolved stellar population analysis. In the case of the CMD, we computed the SFH both from a deep CMD (observed with HST/ACS) and from a shallower CMD (archival data from HST/WFPC2).
Results. The agreement between the SFHs recovered from the oMSTO CMD and from full spectrum fitting is remarkable, particularly regarding the time evolution of the star formation rate. The overall extremely low metallicity of Leo A is recovered up to the last 2 Gyrs when some discrepancies appear. A relatively high metallicity found for the youngest stars from the integrated data is a recurring feature that might indicate that the current models or synthesis codes should be revised, but that can be significantly mitigated using a more restrictive metallicity range. We thoroughly inspect the robustness of both approaches separately, finding that the subtle differences between them are inherent to the methods themselves. The SFH recovered from the shallow CMD also presents differences with the other two.
Conclusions. Modern full-spectral fitting codes are able to recover both average constant SFHs (LMC case) and SFHs with a dominant fraction of young stellar populations. The analysis of high S/N spectra seems to provide more reliable SFH estimates than that of CMDs not reaching the oMSTO. The comparison presented in this paper needs to be repeated for predominantly old systems, thus assessing the performance of full-spectrum fitting for a full range of SFHs.
Testikulärer Keimzelltumor in Form eines Rhabdomyosarkoms (high grade) bei einem HIV-Infizierten mit Psoriasis vulgaris unter Therapie mit Adalimumab
Authors: Heyne S. , Jahn S. , Meier F. , Herout R. , Beissert S. , Spornraft-Ragaller P. 
Published: June 2018

ZusammenfassungBei einer HIV-Infektion besteht ein allgemein erhöhtes Tumorrisiko. Im Genitalbereich treten vor allem HPV-assoziierte Karzinome gehäuft auf. Bisher wurden Keimzelltumoren mit somatischer Malignität in Form eines Rhabdomyosarkoms bei HIV-Infektion kaum beschrieben. Im Folgenden stellen wir einen 47-jährigen Patienten mit HIV-Infektion und ausgeprägter Psoriasis vulgaris vor, bei welchem sich unter einer Therapie mit Adalimumab ein testikulärer, nicht-seminomatöser Keimzelltumor mit reifen Teratom-, Dottersacktumoranteilen und somatischer Malignität in Form eines Rhabdomyosarkoms (high grade) im Bereich des rechten Hodens entwickelte. Mit Feststellung der Raumforderung wurde die Therapie mit Adalimumab gestoppt und das Rhabdomyosarkom reseziert. 4 Monate nach Ablatio testis kam es zu einem ausgeprägten Lokalrezidiv mit V. a. eine regionale Weichteilmetastase und V. a. Lymphknotenmetastasen iliacal bds. Es erfolgte eine erneute Resektion und eine adjuvante Chemotherapie mit Epirubicin/Ifosfamid. Ein Einfluss des TNF-Alpha-Blockers Adalimumab auf die Bildung des Rhabdomyosarkoms kann nicht ausgeschlossen werden. Bei HIV-Infektion und gleichzeitiger Therapie mit TNF-Alpha-Blockern ist folglich verstärkt auf ein erhöhtes Tumorrisiko zu achten.
Psychische Begleiterkrankungen nach Schlaganfall
Authors: Elsner Bernhard , Mehrholz Jan 
Published: June 2018

ZusammenfassungEiner von drei Menschen erfährt im Laufe seines Lebens eine Demenz, einen Schlaganfall oder beides. Neben Menschen mit klinisch prominenten demenziellen
Syndromen interessieren sich Forschung und Gesundheitspolitik seit den letzten Jahren zunehmend für Menschen mit kognitiven Einschränkungen nach Schlaganfall.
Psychische Begleiterkrankungen nach Schlaganfall sind häufig. Die kognitiven Einschränkungen genügen zwar in der Regel nicht den Kriterien einer klinischen
Diagnose, beeinträchtigen aber erheblich die Lebensqualität und können den Therapieverlauf gravierend negativ beeinflussen.
Ich wünsche mir, ernst genommen zu werden
Authors: Mehrholz Katja 
Published: June 2018

ZusammenfassungDie Patientin (Jahrgang 1964) wurde mit einer Dyspnoe in die Rettungsstelle des Krankenhauses eingeliefert. Sie berichtete, dass sie zu diesem Zeitpunkt schon seit 14 Tagen an Luftnot gelitten habe. Der pulmonale Zustand verschlechterte sich rapide, sodass sie beatmungspflichtig wurde. Diagnose: Critical-Illness-Polyneuropathie nach respiratorischer Globalinsuffizienz, Adipositas per magna, Depression. Nach fünf Wochen Krankenhausaufenthalt kam sie in unsere Reha-Klinik.
Multifidus Muscle Size and Symmetry in Ballroom Dancers with and without Low Back Pain
Authors: Smyers Evanson Alyssa , Myrer Joseph , Eggett Dennis , Mitchell Ulrike , Johnson A. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe incidence of low back pain (LBP) among elite ballroom dancers is high and understanding associations between muscle morphology and pain may provide insight into treatment or training options. Research has linked multifidus muscle atrophy to LBP in the general and some athletic populations; however, this has not been examined in ballroom dancers. We compared the lumbar multifidus cross-sectional area (CSA) at rest in 57 elite level ballroom dancers (age 23±2.4 years; height, 174±11 cm; mass, 64±10 kg) divided into one of three pain groups, according to their self-reported symptoms, 1) LBP group (n=19), 2) minimal LBP (n=17), and 3) no LBP (n=21). There were no significant difference in demographics between the groups (P>0.05). The LBP group demonstrated significant differences in reported pain and Oswestry Disability Index scores compared to the other two groups. There was no significant difference between groups in multifidus cross-sectional area (P=0.49). Asymmetry was found in all groups with the overall left side being significantly larger than the right (P<0.002). Pain associated with segmental decrease in multifidus CSA was not observed in ballroom dancers with LBP, suggesting other reasons for persistent LBP in ballroom dancers.
Guanidines as Reagents in Proton-Coupled Electron-Transfer Reactions and Redox Catalysts
Authors: Himmel Hans-Jörg 
Published: June 2018

Redox-active guanidines are ideal proton-coupled electron-transfer (PCET) reagents, since they combine a high Brønsted basicity with a low and tunable redox potential. In this article, the development of redox-active guanidines (especially guanidino-functionalized aromatics, GFAs) in the last ten years is summarized, and their properties compared to other organic Brønsted bases and organic electron donors. First, some applications in organic chemistry that purely use the redox activity (formation of organic donor–acceptor materials and photochemical reductive C–C coupling reactions) are presented. Then, reactions that involve both proton and electron transfer are reviewed. In stoichiometric reactions, redox-active guanidines are used for the dehydrogenative coupling of thiols and phosphanes. The first redox catalytic applications are discussed, using dioxygen as green oxidizing reagent.1	Introduction2	Redox-Active Amines and Guanidines3	Brønsted Basicity of Amines and Guanidines4	Variations of GFA Compounds5	GFA Compounds in Organic Donor–Acceptor Materials and as Reducing Reagents in Organic Synthesis6	Stoichiometric Dehydrogenative Coupling Reactions with Redox-Active Guanidines7	Guanidines as Redox Catalysts8	Conclusions and Outlook
The Thrombo-embolic Disease in Pre-eclampsia
Authors: Zilliacus Harry 
Published: June 2018

SummaryOn the basis von 19756 obstetrical cases reviewed with regard to the frequency of thrombo-embolism it was found that post partal thrombo-embolism occurs about four times more frequently in late toxemia of pregnancy than in non preeclamptic obstetrical cases. There were 95 cases of puerperal thrombo-embolism (58 in superficial and 37 in deep seated veins of the leg) among the 2077 cases of late toxemia of pregnancy, which means a frequency of 4.6 per cent against a total frequency of thrombo-embolism of 1.2 per cent among all the obstetrical cases reviewed. Possible causes for a thrombotic process in pre-eclampsia are dicussed: placental thromboplastins, high concentration of plasma fibrinogen and other coagulation factors, aggregation and sedimentation of erythrocytes, retardation of the venous flow.Of the anticoagulants heparin is recommended as the most suitable agent in prophylactic treatment of thrombosis in late toxemia of pregnancy.
Über die Aktivitätssteigerung der Thrombokinase in Blutgefäßwänden durch Hyaluronidase
Authors: Witte Siegfried , Bressel Dietrich 
Published: June 2018

ZusammenfassungEs wurde der Einfluß von Hyaluronidase auf die Gewebsthrombokinase in Extrakten von menschlichen Blutgefäßen untersucht. Die lagerungsstabile Thrombokinaseaktivität aus Aorta wird durch Hyaluronidase nicht verändert. Dagegen erfährt die Thrombokinase aus Venenwand, die meist weniger aktiv und lagerungslabiler ist, durch Inkubation mit Hyaluronidase eine signifikante Aktivitätssteigerung. Daraus ergeben sich Zusammenhänge zwischen Gewebsthrombokinase und dem Hyaluronsäure-Hyaluronidase-System in der Blutgefäßwand, deren pathophysiologische Bedeutung diskutiert wird.
On the Purification and Conversion of Human Prothrombin
Authors: Streuli F 
Published: June 2018

SummaryA combined chemical and immunological method for the purification of human prothrombin is described. After isoelectric precipitation a purified prothrombin is obtained. Its activity per mg of protein is 210 folds higher than that of plasma. This prothrombin and the prothrombin purified on a BaSO4 column are not converted into thrombin in a 25% sodium-citrate solution. No thrombin is formed by the addition of calcium ions and brain thromboplastin. For its conversion, a complete clotting system (extrinsic or intrinsic) is necessary. Our experiments present no evidence for the hypothesis that Factors VII, IX, PPA and Stuart-Prower are prothrombin derivatives.The conversion of prothrombin to thrombin by means of isolated blood thromboplastin is studied. The results still do not permit one to decide whether the reaction is stoichiometric or enzymatic.
Some Properties of a Reaction Mechanism Analogous to Thrombin Formation
Authors: Surgenor Douglas Mac N 
Published: June 2018

SummaryUsing an analog computor, the behavior with respect to time of a model chemical reaction mechanism has been studied. This mechanism consists of a consecutive series of reactions, the product of which corresponds to a prothrombin activator that acts enzymatically upon prothrombin. The striking resemblance in behavior between the model mechanism and the natural system strengthens current concepts of prothrombin activator formation.
Über die Retraktion des Blutgerinnsels
Authors: Benthaus J 
Published: June 2018

ZusammenfassungNach kritischer Betrachtung der bekannten Methoden zur Bestimmung der Retraktion des Blutgerinnsels wird die für die vorliegenden Untersuchungen angewandte Arbeitsweise geschildert. Sie eignet sich zur quantitativen Messung des bei der Retraktion abgesonderten Serums. — Der Ablauf der Retraktion als Bewegungsvorgang läßt sich mit dieser Methode genauer darstellen. — Die Gerinnungsfaktoren (Thrombokinase, Kalzium, Thrombin, Heparin) haben nach beendigter Fibrinbildung keinen Einfluß mehr auf die Retraktion. — Der Einfluß von Temperatur, osmotischem Druck und Wasserstoffionenkonzentration wird nachgeprüft. — Ausreichende Zahl und Funktionstüchtigkeit der Plättchen sind die unbedingte Voraussetzung für eine normale Retraktion. — Einige ausgewählte Theorien über das Wesen der Retraktion werden besprochen. — Untersuchungen mit histologischer Technik führen zu einer Vorstellung vom Mechanismus der Retraktion: Konsistenzveränderung des Fibrins durch die Einwirkung der Plättchen ermöglicht das Konfluieren des Fibrins mit der Plättchensubstanz.
The Fate of Factor VII and Stuart Factor During the Clotting of Normal Blood
Authors: Johnston Charles L , Ferguson John H , O’Hanlon Frieda A , Black W. L 
Published: June 2018

SummaryStudies have been presented, utilizing factor specific assays, to show that Factor VII and Stuart factor behave differently during the clotting of normal blood. Stuart factor was neither consumed nor activated during clotting. In contrast, Factor VII was “activated” so that serum contained 2V2 to 3 times the plasma concentration of the factor. Marked rate changes occurred in the Factor VII activation curves when the sample incubation temperature was changed. The data obtained suggested that the optimum temperature for Factor VII activation may be at or near 18° C. Previous “consumption” data for “Factor VII” obtained by assays sensitive to changes in both Stuart factor and Factor VII have been validated, since the concentration of Stuart factor does not change during clotting.
Differentiation of the Factor VII Complex
Authors: Bachmann F , Duckert F , Geiger M , Baer P , Koller F 
Published: June 2018

SummaryA factor recently described and for which the designation Stuart-Prower Factor is proposed, was investigated. It is detected by the usual Factor VII assay but differs from this factor (Matching experiments with plasma and serum of Owren’s Factor VII deficient patient). Stuart-Prower factor is necessary for the conversion prothrombin-thrombin with tissue thromboplastin as well as for the formation of blood thromboplastin. Therefore lack of Stuart-Prower factor produces abnormal Quick’s prothrombin time (not normalized with Russell’s viper venom [Stypven]), and also abnormal prothrombin consumption, abnormal recalcification time and abnormal thromboplastin generation with serum. Matching experiments with plasma and serum of the patients of Graham and Hougie, Telfer Denson and Wright, and Beaumont and Bernard show that we are dealing with the same defect. Physiological and physico-chemical properties are indicated. The possible relationship between Stuart-Prower factor and Factor X is discussed. A critical review with 59 cases of the so-called Factor VII deficiency is given. Investigation of the family of our patient Delia B. indicates that the mode of inheritance is an intermediate autosomal one.
Rationale for In-Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Administration of Live, Attenuated Rotavirus Vaccination
Authors: Briggs-Steinberg Courtney , Shah Shetal 
Published: June 2018

AbstractRotavirus is the most common nonseasonal vaccine preventable illness. Despite increased severity of rotaviral illness in early infancy, most neonatal intensive care units (NICU) do not administer rotavirus vaccination either during the NICU stay at age of eligibility or at discharge as the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices recommends. In this commentary, we review the rationale for the administration of rotavirus vaccination to premature infants. Further, we outline data supporting vaccine administration at chronologic age while still admitted to the NICU.
The Effect of Wearing White Coats on Patients' Appreciation of Physician Communication during Postpartum Rounds: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Spencer Nicholas , Abdelwahab Mahmoud , Zambrano Gabriela , Saoud Fawzi , Jelliffe Katherine , Olson Gayle , Munn Mary , Saade George , Costantine Maged , La Rosa Mauricio 
Published: June 2018

Objective Wearing a white coat (WC) has been associated with risk of colonization and transmission of resistant pathogens. Also, studies have shown that physicians' attire in general affects patients' confidence in their physician and the patient–physician relationship. Our objective is to evaluate the hypothesis that not wearing a WC during physician postpartum rounds does not affect patient–physician communication scores.
Materials and Methods This is an unblinded, randomized, parallel arms, controlled trial of postpartum women at a single university hospital. Women were randomly assigned to having their postpartum physicians' team wear a WC or not (no-WC) during rounds. Our primary outcome was “patient–physician communication” score. Univariable and multivariable analysis were used where appropriate.
Results One hundred and seventy-eight patients were enrolled (87 in WC and 91 in no-WC groups). Note that 40.4% of patients did not remember whether the physicians wore a WC or not. There was no difference in the primary outcome (p = 0.64) even after adjusting for possible confounders.
Conclusion Not wearing a WC during postpartum rounds did not affect the patient–physician communication or patient satisfaction scores. In the setting of prior reports showing a risk of WC pathogen transmission between patients, our findings cannot support the routine wearing of WCs during postpartum rounds.
Application of the filter plate microbial trap (FPMT), for cultivating thermophilic bacteria from thermal springs in Barguzin area, eastern Baikal, Russia
Authors: Jung Dawoon , Seo Eun-Young , Owen Jeffrey S , Aoi Yoshiteru , Yong Seungcheon , Lavrentyeva Elena V , Ahn Tae Seok 
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACT
Hot springs are regarded as treasury of valuable thermophiles. Like other bacteria, thermophiles are not easily cultivated using conventional culture methods. We used an advanced cultivation method, the filter plate microbial trap (FPMT), to isolate bacteria from thermal springs. In total, 184 isolates were obtained from five thermal springs using the FPMT and standard agar plate method, and their 16S rRNA gene sequences were analyzed. FPMT allowed us to obtain a culture collection that was larger, richer, and more novel than that obtained by standard cultivation. Seven novel species were obtained using the FPMT technique, whereas only one was isolated using a standard cultivation. We also found clear differences in the patterns of phylogenetic diversity and physiological properties between isolates from two cultivation methods. The results have encouraged us to apply the FPMT method in other extreme environments and offer further support for fostering the development of new cultivation methods.