bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
КЛІНІКО-ЕПІДЕМІОЛОГІЧНІ ТА ЛАБОРАТОРНІ ОСОБЛИВОСТІ СУЧАСНОЇ БЕШИХИ
Authors: Chemych M. D. , Sayenko O. S. 
Published: February 2019

Незважаючи на те, що бешиха є давно відомою хворобою, захворюваність залишається стабільно високою. Хвороба, як і раніше, характеризується схильністю до частих рецидивів, що призводить до тривалої непрацездатності пацієнтів.
Мета роботи – встановити особливості сучасної бешихи та якості життя залежно від частоти хвороби на підставі вивчення епідеміології, клініки, ступеня ендогенної інтоксикації, рівня реактивності організму.
Пацієнти і методи. Обстежено і опрацьовано медичні карти 75 хворих на бешиху. Розраховано інте­г­ративні показники ендогенної інтоксикації та імунореактивності. Для оцінки якості життя був використаний опитувальник SF-36. Групу порівняння склали 44 здорові людини.
Результати. Хворі були розділені на три групи: з первинною, з повторною, з рецидивною бешихою, по 25 осіб у кожній. Серед усіх хворих переважали жінки (78,7 %). Вік становив (54,2±4,1) роки. Найбільша кількість пацієнтів госпіталізована у серпні. Ступінь тяжкості хвороби у 90,0 % обстежуваних був середнім. Серед клінічних форм переважала еритематозна (54 хворих – 72,0 %). Індекси неспецифічної реактивності та активності запалення нижчі при рецидивній бешисі (р<0,05-0,001). Показник психологічного компонента здоров’я у пацієнтів з первинною (43,8±0,7 бала) та повторною (44,6±0,9 бала) формами бешихи на 12,0 % був вищим від осіб з рецидивною формою бешихи – (38,9±1,2) балів, р<0,01. Показники фізичного компонента у пацієнтів з первинною та повторною формами бешихи перебували на одному рівні (відповідно (46,1±0,5) бала та (47,4±1,0) бала, р>0,05), найнижчим він був у пацієнтів з рецидивною формою бешихи: (42,1±1,3) бала (р<0,05).
Висновки. Встановлено статистично достовірне підвищення індексів ендогенної інтоксикації та зниження індексів неспецифічної реактивності при рецидивній бешисі відносно первинної бешихи та контрольної груп. Найнижчі показники фізичного та психологічного компонентів здоров’я спостерігалися у пацієнтів з рецидивною формою бешихи.
Improving Harvey Forecasts with Next-Generation Weather Satellites: Advanced Hurricane Analysis and Prediction with Assimilation of GOES-R All-Sky Radiances
Authors: Zhang Fuqing , Minamide Masashi , Nystrom Robert G. , Chen Xingchao , Lin Shian-Jian , Harris Lucas M. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractHurricane Harvey brought catastrophic destruction and historical flooding to the Gulf Coast region in late August 2017. Guided by numerical weather prediction models, operational forecasters at NOAA provided outstanding forecasts of Harvey’s future path and potential for record flooding days in advance. These forecasts were valuable to the public and emergency managers in protecting lives and property. The current study shows the potential for further improving Harvey’s analysis and prediction through advanced ensemble assimilation of high-spatiotemporal all-sky infrared radiances from the newly launched, next-generation geostationary weather satellite, GOES-16. Although findings from this single-event study should be further evaluated, the results highlight the potential improvement in hurricane prediction that is possible via sustained investment in advanced observing systems, such as those from weather satellites, comprehensive data assimilation methodologies that can more effectively ingest existing and future observations, higher-resolution weather prediction models with more accurate numerics and physics, and high-performance computing facilities that can perform advanced analysis and forecasting in a timely manner.
Evaluation of Groundwater Simulations in Benin from the ALMIP2 Project
Authors: Rashid Mehnaz , Chien Rong-You , Ducharne Agnès , Kim Hyungjun , Yeh Pat J.-F. , Peugeot Christophe , Boone Aaron , He Xiaogang , Séguis Luc , Yabu Yutaro , Boukari Moussa , Lo Min-Hui 
Published: February 2019

AbstractA comprehensive estimation of water budget components, particularly groundwater storage (GWS) and fluxes, is crucial. In this study, we evaluate the terrestrial water budget of the Donga basin (Benin, West Africa), as simulated by three land surface models (LSMs) used in the African Monsoon Multidisciplinary Analysis Land Surface Model Intercomparison Project, phase 2 (ALMIP2): CLM4, Catchment LSM (CLSM), and Minimal Advanced Treatments of Surface Interaction and Runoff (MATSIRO). All three models include an unconfined groundwater component and are driven by the same ALMIP2 atmospheric forcing from 2005 to 2008. Results show that all three models simulate substantially shallower water table depth (WTD) with smaller seasonal variations, approximately 1–1.5 m compared to the observed values that range between 4 and 9.6 m, while the seasonal variations of GWS are overestimated by all the models. These seemingly contradictory simulation results can be explained by the overly high specific yield prescribed in all models. All models achieve similar GWS simulations but with different fractions of precipitation partitioning into surface runoff, base flow, and evapotranspiration (ET), suggesting high uncertainty and errors in the terrestrial and groundwater budgets among models. The poor performances of models can be attributed to bias in the hydrological partitioning (base flow vs surface runoff) and sparse subsurface data. This analysis confirms the importance of subsurface hydrological processes in the current generation of LSMs and calls for substantial improvement in both surface water budget (which controls groundwater recharge) and the groundwater system (hydrodynamic parameters, vertical geometry).
Critical review and illustrative examples of office occupant modelling formalisms
Authors: D'Oca Simona , Gunay H Burak , Gilani Sara , O'Brien William 
Published: February 2019

It is widely understood that occupants can have a significant impact on building performance. Accordingly, the field has benefited extensively from research efforts in the past decade. However, the methods and terminology involved in modelling occupants in buildings remains fragmented across a large number of studies. This fragmentation represents a major obstacle to those who intend to join in this research endeavor as well as for the convergence and standardization of methods. To address this issue, this paper investigates occupant modelling methods for the key domains of electric lighting, blinds, operable windows, thermostats, plug loads, and occupancy. In the reviewed literature, five broad categories of occupant model formalisms were identified: schedules, Bernoulli models, discrete-time Markov models, discrete-event Markov models, and survival models. Illustrative examples were provided from two independent datasets to demonstrate the strengths and weaknesses of these model forms. It was shown that Markov models are suitable to represent occupants' adaptive behaviors, while survival models are suitable to represent occupancy, non-adaptive behaviors, and infrequently executed adaptive behaviors, such as the blinds opening behavior. Practical application: The engineering application of the occupant modelling formalisms that are critically reviewed in this paper is that these models are highly beneficial for incorporating occupants' presence and behaviors into building design and control. Building design can be improved significantly regarding energy use and occupant comfort when the most suitable occupant models are implemented in simulation-aided building design process. Ultimately, like for any modelling domain, the most suitable model is dependent on the modelling objective (e.g. optimizing passive design, equipment sizing), building type and size, occupant-related domain (e.g. occupancy, window-opening behavior), and climate zones. Furthermore, there is great potential in improving occupant comfort and energy savings of existing buildings when occupants' presence and interactions with buildings' systems and components are predicted accurately using occupant models.
The optimal chest compression point on sternum based on chest-computed tomography: A retrospective study
Authors: Jiang Libing , Min Jie , Yang Fan , Shao Xiaotong 
Published: February 2019

Background: High-quality chest compression is crucial for cardiac arrest patients. However, only few studies are focusing on the optimal compression point. Objective: The aim of this study was to explore the optimal compression point based on chest-computed tomography. Methods: We retrospectively selected 166 adult health subjects between January 2018 and May 2018 in a university-affiliated hospital. Results: The median length of sternum was 14.9 cm. The median length from the inter-nipple line to the distal end of sternum was 1.0 cm. The median length from the point at which the maximal left ventricular diameter projected onto the sternum to the distal end of the sternum was −1.4 (–2.2 to 0.0) cm. The median value of the length from the inter-nipple line to the distal end of sternum plus the length from the point at which the maximal left ventricular diameter projected onto the sternum to the distal end of the sternum was 2.0 (1.0–3.1) cm. Conclusion: One size does not fit all. The point recommended by the current guideline may not appropriate for Chinese person. Further studies are required focusing on individual chest compression during cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
Levosimendan treatment in a child with treatment-resistant left ventricular systolic dysfunction after scorpion sting
Authors: Yöntem Ahmet , Yıldızdaş Rıza Dinçer , Horoz Özden Özgür , Aslan Nagehan , Mısırlıoğlu Merve , Yılmaz Hayri Levent , Erdem Sevcan 
Published: February 2019

Background: Scorpion stings are common in countries dominated by rural and coastal settlements with temperate climate. Scorpion stings are usually harmless and can be seen in local findings, but in some cases, systemic, neurotoxic, and cardiotoxic findings can be seen. Case report: A 3 year 7 month old girl was referred to pediatric emergency care 2 h after yellow scorpion (species of Leiurus abdullahbayrami) sting. In our case, cardiac function insufficiently progressed in spite of the standard inotropic and milrinone treatment. On the third day of hospitalization, levosimendan was initiated with good clinical effect. Conclusion: In the literature, the use of levosimendan in pediatric patients has been limited to those with low cardiac output syndrome after cardiovascular surgery. The use of levosimendan in children with scorpion sting has been previously reported only in Banille et al.’s study. Scorpion antivenom should be administered intravenously as soon as possible in cases of systemic findings that develop after scorpion stings. This report suggests that levosimendan is temporally associated with improvement in patients who have severe cardiac dysfunction due to scorpion sting and refractory to current treatment.
Using CorMatrix for partial and complete (re)construction of arteriovenous fistulas in haemodialysis patients: (Re)construction of arteriovenous fistulas with CorMatrix
Authors: Leskovar Bostjan , Furlan Tjasa , Poznic Simona , Hrastelj Miran , Adamlje Anton 
Published: February 2019

Introduction: CorMatrix is an acellular extracellular matrix that acts as a biological scaffold and remodels into site-specific tissue. We used it for the (re)construction of arteriovenous fistulas. Methods: In this prospective pilot case study, we used CorMatrix in six patients. We included patients who required vascular access reconstruction due to thrombosis of unsalvageable arteriovenous fistulas, patients with high-flow arteriovenous fistulas and patients with microvasculature in which autologous arteriovenous fistulas did not mature, requiring reconstruction with a graft. We sutured the CorMatrix plate into a tubular shape and then constructed arterial and venous anastomoses. Results: There were no periprocedural complications, CorMatrix-related infections, bleeding or limb swelling after the procedures. CorMatrix was first punctured after 8–10 weeks. In five patients, a percutaneous angioplasty due to CorMatrix stenosis was performed; in one patient, a stent was placed due to refractory stenosis. We observed eight thromboses during the observation period (four in one patient). Perianastomotic stenosis of CorMatrix and interdialytic hypotension were the causes of the thrombosis in five patients, cephalic arch stenosis in two patients and thromboembolism to the brachial artery and arteriovenous fistula in one patient. Thrombendarteriectomy was successful in 87.5% of patients, and one patient required arteriovenous fistula reconstruction. After a median observation period of 12.5 (range 4–23) months, all arteriovenous fistulas were patent, with a median brachial artery flow of 1450 (range 700–1700) mL/min. Conclusion: Arteriovenous fistula (re)construction with CorMatrix seems to be feasible and safe, with a relatively high incidence of neointimal hyperplasia, predominantly at venous anastomoses, but additional clinical studies are needed.
Nurse-performed venous sheath removal in patients undergoing radiofrequency catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation: a randomised study
Authors: Rolantova Lucie , Bulava Alan , Eisenberger Martin , Chloubova Ivana , Tothova Valerie , Hanis Jiri 
Published: February 2019

Background: Catheter ablation procedures have recently become a widely accepted method for treating cardiac arrhythmias, and referrals for these procedures have been steadily increasing. As a result, it is now common that sheath removal is handled as a nursing procedure. Regardless of who performs the sheath removal, it is important to extract ablation sheaths without any early or late complications. Objective: The aim of this randomised study was to determine the safety of sheath extraction after heparin reversal with low-dose protamine sulfate in patients undergoing radiofrequency catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation and whether these sheaths can be safely removed by nurses. Methods: Eighty-one patients were randomly assigned to either receiving protamine to reverse heparin after an ablation ( n=40) or to the standard protocol without heparin reversal ( n=41). Nurse-led sheath removal was done in the cath lab (protamine group) or on the ward (standard group) as soon as activated partial thromboplastin time dropped below 60 s. All adverse events, groin compression time, immobilisation time and procedure characteristics were recorded. Results: The manual compression time for the standard group was significantly longer than for the protamine group (15.9 ± 2.5 vs. 21.9 ± 3.1 minutes, P<0.001) as well as the total immobilisation time (13.2 ± 2.4 vs. 20.3 ± 3.8 hours, P=0.01). Minor groin haematomas occurred less frequently in the protamine group (4 vs. 12, P=0.02) and the haematomas tended to be smaller (4.1 ± 2.1 vs. 5.2 ± 2.5 cm, P=0.09). No serious adverse events were observed when the femoral sheaths were extracted by specially trained staff nurses. Conclusion: Fewer and milder complications and shorter immobilisation times were reported with protamine reversal compared to the conventional method. Staff nurses can safely remove femoral venous sheaths after a radiofrequency ablation for atrial fibrillation.
Reliability and validity of the Japanese version of the ADL-focused Occupation-based Neurobehavioural Evaluation (A-ONE J): Applying Rasch analysis methods
Authors: Higashi Yasuhiro , Takabatake Shinichi , Matsubara Asako , Nishikawa Koji , Shigeta Hiroto , Árnadóttir Guðrún 
Published: February 2019

Background/objective The ADL-focused Occupation-based Neurobehavioral Evaluation (A-ONE) can be used to evaluate both performances of activities of daily living (ADL) tasks and neurobehavioural problems that interfere with ADL task performance among clients with neurological disorders. Research studies have demonstrated acceptable psychometric properties of the original version of the A-ONE as well as the Rasch analysed version. The aim of this study was to examine the reliability and validity of the Japanese version of the A-ONE (A-ONE J). Methods Rasch analysis was performed on data obtained from eight different hospitals in Japan on performances of 150 individuals diagnosed with a stroke based on the functional independence (FI) scale items. The rating scale structure was investigated and internal validity and reliability were examined. Unidimensionality of the items was examined by mean square infit values and principal component analysis of residuals. The targeting between person ability and item difficulty was explored, as well as the separation reliability. Finally, psychometric values and item difficulty hierarchies obtained in this study were compared to the original Rasch analysis of the A-ONE. Results The rating scale structure might be improved by collapsing two categories twice (from five categories to three categories). Unidimensionality of the items was obtained for 20 items. Targeting was acceptable, and separation reliability for item calibrations was high and acceptable for people. Conclusion/limitations: This study provides important information regarding the possibilities for revising the ordinal A-ONE J FI Scale, converting it into a unidimensional scale. Further study with increased and more diverse sample is needed.
The Barrow Biomimetic Spine: Face, Content, and Construct Validity of a 3D-Printed Spine Model for Freehand and Minimally Invasive Pedicle Screw Insertion
Authors: Bohl Michael A. , Mauria Rohit , Zhou James J. , Mooney Michael A. , DiDomenico Joseph D. , McBryan Sarah , Cavallo Claudio , Nakaji Peter , Chang Steve W. , Uribe Juan S. , Turner Jay D. , Kakarla U. Kumar 
Published: February 2019

Study Design: Description and evaluation of a novel surgical training platform. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the face, content, and construct validity of 5 novel surgical training models that simulate freehand and percutaneous (minimally invasive surgery [MIS]) pedicle screw placement. Methods: Five spine models were developed by residents: 3 for freehand pedicle screw training (models A-C) and 2 for MIS pedicle screw training (models D and E). Attending spine surgeons evaluated each model and, using a 20-point Likert-type scale, answered survey questions on model face, content, and construct validity. Scores were statistically evaluated and compared using means, standard deviations, and analysis of variance between models and between surgeons. Results: Among the freehand models, model C demonstrated the highest overall validity, with mean face (15.67 ± 5.49), content (19.17 ± 0.59), and construct (18.83 ± 0.24) validity all measuring higher than the other freehand models. For the MIS models, model D had the highest validity scores (face, content, and construct validity of 11.67 ± 3.77, 18.17 ± 2.04, and 17.00 ± 3.46, respectively). The 3 freehand models differed significantly in content validity scores ( P = .002) as did the 2 MIS models ( P < .001). The testing surgeons’ overall validity scores were significantly different for models A ( P = .005) and E ( P < .001). Conclusions: A 3-dimensional-printed spine model with incorporated bone bleeding and silicone rubber soft tissue was scored as having very high content and construct validity for simulating freehand pedicle screw insertion. These data has informed the further development of several surgical training models that hold great potential as educational adjuncts in surgical training programs.
Subgemmal Neurogenous Plaque: A Clinical and Pathologic Review With Comparison to Common Head and Neck Neural Tumors
Authors: Alnajar Hussein , O’Toole Thomas R , Lin Diana Murro , Al-Khudari Samer , Gattuso Paolo 
Published: February 2019

Objective: In humans, subgemmal neurogenous plaques (SNPs) are normally found associated with taste buds. On histology, SNP may be mistaken for a neural neoplasm. The objective of this study was to correctly differentiate SNP among head and neck neural lesions and provide clinical and pathologic information that may assist in avoiding misdiagnosis. To our knowledge, this is the first study to provide an estimate of the degree of overdiagnoses of mucosal lesions in the head and neck mucosal area. Study design: Retrospective pathology and chart review. Methods: All cases of head and neck mucosal neural lesions only in the mucosa of the oral cavity, oropharynx, or larynx from the pathology archives of a single urban tertiary care center between 3/2000 and 6/2017 were obtained. The pathologic and clinical data were reviewed. Results: Twenty-six cases were identified: 9 neuromas, 9 neurofibromas, 2 ganglioneuromas and 6 cases of hyperplastic subepithelial nerve bundles. The mean greatest dimension of SNPs was 2.0 mm (range 1-3 mm) and most were subjacent to taste buds (13 cases). The 20 cases of SNP involved 15 women and 5 men. Their median age was 60 years (range 30-85 years). Clinical data were available in 19 cases. The most common presenting complaint was of a painless lesion (8 patients). Conclusions: This review confirmed the rarity of true neural neoplasms in the head and neck mucosa and estimates the risk of their over diagnosis given the possible diagnostic confusion with SNP.
Understanding cell fate control by continuous single-cell quantification
Authors: Loeffler Dirk , Schroeder Timm 
Published: February 2019

AbstractCells and the molecular processes underlying their behavior are highly dynamic. Understanding these dynamic biological processes requires noninvasive continuous quantitative single-cell observations, instead of population-based average or single-cell snapshot analysis. Ideally, single-cell dynamics are measured long-term in vivo; however, despite progress in recent years, technical limitations still prevent such studies. On the other hand, in vitro studies have proven to be useful for answering long-standing questions. Although technically still demanding, long-term single-cell imaging and tracking in vitro have become valuable tools to elucidate dynamic molecular processes and mechanisms, especially in rare and heterogeneous populations. Here, we review how continuous quantitative single-cell imaging of hematopoietic cells has been used to solve decades-long controversies. Because aberrant cell fate decisions are at the heart of tissue degeneration and disease, we argue that studying their molecular dynamics using quantitative single-cell imaging will also improve our understanding of these processes and lead to new strategies for therapies.
Clonal approaches to understanding the impact of mutations on hematologic disease development
Authors: Nangalia Jyoti , Mitchell Emily , Green Anthony R. 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Interrogation of hematopoietic tissue at the clonal level has a rich history spanning over 50 years, and has provided critical insights into both normal and malignant hematopoiesis. Characterization of chromosomes identified some of the first genetic links to cancer with the discovery of chromosomal translocations in association with many hematological neoplasms. The unique accessibility of hematopoietic tissue and the ability to clonally expand hematopoietic progenitors in vitro has provided fundamental insights into the cellular hierarchy of normal hematopoiesis, as well as the functional impact of driver mutations in disease. Transplantation assays in murine models have enabled cellular assessment of the functional consequences of somatic mutations in vivo. Most recently, next-generation sequencing–based assays have shown great promise in allowing multi-“omic” characterization of single cells. Here, we review how clonal approaches have advanced our understanding of disease development, focusing on the acquisition of somatic mutations, clonal selection, driver mutation cooperation, and tumor evolution.