bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alteration of nociceptive integration in the spinal cord of a rat model of Parkinson's disease
Authors: Charles Keri‐Ann , Naudet Frédéric , Bouali‐Benazzouz Rabia , Landry Marc , De Deurwaerdère Philippe , Fossat Pascal , Benazzouz Abdelhamid 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACTBackground: Pain is a major non motor symptom that contributes to impaired quality of life in PD. However, its mechanism is unknown.Objectives and Methods: We sought to identify the pain phenotypes and parallel changes in spinal integration of peripheral stimuli in a rat model of PD induced by lesions of SN dopamine neurons, using behavioral plantar and von Frey tests as well as electrophysiology of the dorsal horn.Results: We show that dopamine depletion by 6‐OHDA induced hypersensitivity to mechanical and thermal stimuli. These abnormal behaviors were paralleled by increased neuronal responses and hyperexcitability of wide dynamic range neurons of lamina V of the dorsal horn of the spinal cord in response to electrical stimulation of the sciatic nerve in the 6‐OHDA model as compared to sham rats.Conclusions: These results provide evidence for alteration of nociceptive integration in the spinal dorsal horn neurons in 6‐OHDA rats that can reflect changes in pain behavior. © 2018 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Deep convolutional neural network for segmentation of knee joint anatomy
Authors: Zhou Zhaoye , Zhao Gengyan , Kijowski Richard , Liu Fang 
Published: May 2018

PurposeTo describe and evaluate a new segmentation method using deep convolutional neural network (CNN), 3D fully connected conditional random field (CRF), and 3D simplex deformable modeling to improve the efficiency and accuracy of knee joint tissue segmentation.MethodsA segmentation pipeline was built by combining a semantic segmentation CNN, 3D fully connected CRF, and 3D simplex deformable modeling. A convolutional encoder‐decoder network was designed as the core of the segmentation method to perform high resolution pixel‐wise multi‐class tissue classification for 12 different joint structures. The 3D fully connected CRF was applied to regularize contextual relationship among voxels within the same tissue class and between different classes. The 3D simplex deformable modeling refined the output from 3D CRF to preserve the overall shape and maintain a desirable smooth surface for joint structures. The method was evaluated on 3D fast spin‐echo (3D‐FSE) MR image data sets. Quantitative morphological metrics were used to evaluate the accuracy and robustness of the method in comparison to the ground truth data.ResultsThe proposed segmentation method provided good performance for segmenting all knee joint structures. There were 4 tissue types with high mean Dice coefficient above 0.9 including the femur, tibia, muscle, and other non‐specified tissues. There were 7 tissue types with mean Dice coefficient between 0.8 and 0.9 including the femoral cartilage, tibial cartilage, patella, patellar cartilage, meniscus, quadriceps and patellar tendon, and infrapatellar fat pad. There was 1 tissue type with mean Dice coefficient between 0.7 and 0.8 for joint effusion and Baker's cyst. Most musculoskeletal tissues had a mean value of average symmetric surface distance below 1 mm.ConclusionThe combined CNN, 3D fully connected CRF, and 3D deformable modeling approach was well‐suited for performing rapid and accurate comprehensive tissue segmentation of the knee joint. The deep learning‐based segmentation method has promising potential applications in musculoskeletal imaging.
In vivo characterization of 3D skull and brain motion during dynamic head vibration using magnetic resonance elastography
Authors: Yin Ziying , Sui Yi , Trzasko Joshua D. , Rossman Phillip J. , Manduca Armando , Ehman Richard L. , Huston John 
Published: May 2018

PurposeTo introduce newly developed MR elastography (MRE)‐based dual‐saturation imaging and dual‐sensitivity motion encoding schemes to directly measure in vivo skull–brain motion, and to study the skull–brain coupling in volunteers with these approaches.MethodsSix volunteers were scanned with a high‐performance compact 3T‐MRI scanner. The skull–brain MRE images were obtained with a dual‐saturation imaging where the skull and brain motion were acquired with fat‐ and water‐suppression scans, respectively. A dual‐sensitivity motion encoding scheme was applied to estimate the heavily wrapped phase in skull by the simultaneous acquisition of both low‐ and high‐sensitivity phase during a single MRE exam. The low‐sensitivity phase was used to guide unwrapping of the high‐sensitivity phase. The amplitude and temporal phase delay of the rigid‐body motion between the skull and brain was measured, and the skull–brain interface was visualized by slip interface imaging (SII).ResultsBoth skull and brain motion can be successfully acquired and unwrapped. The skull–brain motion analysis demonstrated the motion transmission from the skull to the brain is attenuated in amplitude and delayed. However, this attenuation (%) and delay (rad) were considerably greater with rotation (59 ± 7%, 0.68 ± 0.14 rad) than with translation (92 ± 5%, 0.04 ± 0.02 rad). With SII the skull–brain slip interface was not completely evident, and the slip pattern was spatially heterogeneous.ConclusionThis study provides a framework for acquiring in vivo voxel‐based skull and brain displacement using MRE that can be used to characterize the skull–brain coupling system for understanding of mechanical brain protection mechanisms, which has potential to facilitate risk management for future injury.
Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Fluoro‐glycosylated Porphyrins that can be Utilized as Theranostic Agents
Authors: Arja Katriann , Elgland Mathias , Appelqvist Hanna , Konradsson Peter , Lindgren Mikael , Nilsson K. Peter R. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractSmall molecules with modalities for a variety of imaging techniques as well as therapeutic activity are essential, as such molecules render opportunities to simultaneously conduct diagnosis and targeted therapy, so called theranostics. In this regard, glycoporphyrins have proven useful as theranostic agents towards cancer, as well as noncancerous conditions. Herein, the synthesis and characterization of heterobifunctional glycoconjugated porphyrins with two different sugar moieties, a common monosaccharide at three sites, and a 2‐fluoro‐2‐deoxy glucose (FDG) moiety at the fourth site are presented. The fluoro‐glycoconjugated porphyrins exhibit properties for multimodal imaging and photodynamic therapy, as well as specificity towards cancer cells. We foresee that our findings might aid in the chemical design of heterobifunctional glycoconjugated porphyrins that could be utilized as theranostic agents.
Analysis of PNGase F‐Resistant N‐Glycopeptides Using SugarQb for Proteome Discoverer 2.1 Reveals Cryptic Substrate Specificities
Authors: Stadlmann Johannes , Hoi David M. , Taubenschmid Jasmin , Mechtler Karl , Penninger Josef M. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractSugarQb (www.imba.oeaw.ac.at/sugarqb) is a freely available collection of computational tools for the automated identification of intact glycopeptides from high‐resolution HCD MS/MS datasets in the Proteome Discoverer environment. We report the migration of SugarQb to the latest and free version of Proteome Discoverer 2.1, and apply it to the analysis of PNGase F‐resistant N‐glycopeptides from mouse embryonic stem cells. The analysis of intact glycopeptides highlights unexpected technical limitations to PNGase F‐dependent glycoproteomic workflows at the proteome level, and warrants a critical reinterpretation of seminal datasets in the context of N‐glycosylation‐site prediction.
A probabilistic model to describe the interference produced by VSAT MF‐TDMA networks
Authors: Rubin de Celis Vidal Américo Ariel , Fortes José Mauro 
Published: May 2018

SummaryThis paper develops a mathematical model to describe the statistical behavior of the interference produced by VSAT/MF‐TDMA networks. The model is used to assess the interference produced by the uplinks of a VSAT/MF‐TDMA network into links of a network that uses a neighboring satellite. In the proposed model, analytical expressions were developed to account for the effects of variations in transmitting powers, antenna sizes, and transmitting antenna pointing errors. The earth station locations are modeled by a 2‐dimensional Poisson point process. The model is general enough to accommodate other types of point processes and can be applied to situations involving service areas containing multiple types of earth station geographical distribution. Numerical results obtained with the proposed model are compared with those based on the actual parameter values (eg, earth station locations, antenna sizes, and transmitting powers), which were provided by a Brazilian satellite operator.
Solvent‐Engineered Scalable Production of Polysulfide‐Blocking Shields to Enhance Practical Lithium–Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Qin Jin‐Lei , Peng Hong‐Jie , Huang Jia‐Qi , Zhang Xue‐Qiang , Kong Long , Xie Jin , Zhao Meng , Liu Ruiping , Zhao Huiyou , Zhang Qiang 
Published: May 2018

AbstractLithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries are very promising next‐generation energy‐storage devices due to the extremely high energy density. However, the low capacity and poor cycling life induced by the shuttle effect of polysulfide intermediates impede the practical application of Li–S batteries. Here, a very effective solvent‐engineering strategy is proposed to fabricate thin, compact, and multifunctional binary solvent–engineered polysulfide‐blocking shields (BBSs) with a superior capability of retarding the shuttle and stabilizing the cathode/anode. The Li–S batteries with a BBS separator exhibit enhanced cell kinetics, superb cycling stability with a low decay rate of 0.078% per cycle for 400 cycles at 0.5 C, and a high areal capacity of 4.91 mAh cm−2 after 100 cycles at 2.37 mA cm−2. In addition, the industrially viable fabrication of BBS is readily employed in practical Li–S pouch cells. The concept of solvent engineering not only renders functional interlayers/separators that significantly improve the Li–S battery performance but also is simple, versatile, and scalable to be adopted for many other promising research fields of energy storage and materials chemistry.
Influence of soil‐structure interaction on performance of a super tall building using a new eddy‐current tuned mass damper
Authors: Zhou Zhiguang , Wei Xiaodong , Lu Zheng , Jeremic Boris 
Published: May 2018

SummaryTuned mass dampers (TMDs) can be used as vibration control devices to improve the vibration performance of high‐rise buildings. The Shanghai Tower (SHT) is a 632‐m high landmark building in China, featuring a new eddy‐current TMD. Special protective mechanisms have been adopted to prevent excessively large amplitude of the TMD under extreme wind or earthquake loading scenarios. This paper presents a methodology for simulating behavior of the new eddy‐current TMD that features displacement‐dependent damping behavior. The TMD model was built into the SHT finite element model to perform frequency analysis and detailed response analyses under wind and earthquake loads. Furthermore, soil‐structure interaction (SSI) effects on wind and seismic load responses of the SHT model were investigated, as SSI has a significant impact on the vibration performance of high‐rise buildings. It was found that SSI has more significant effects on acceleration response for wind loads with a short return period than for wind loads with a long return period. Some of the acceleration responses with SSI effects exceed design limits of human comfort for wind loads with shorter return periods. As to the seismic analyses, it was found that SSI slightly reduces the displacement amplitude, the damping force, and the impact force of the TMD.
Downregulated MALAT1 relates to recurrent pregnancy loss via sponging miRNAs
Authors: Wang Yan , Liu Hui‐Ze , Liu Yang , Wang Hui‐Juan , Pang Wen‐Wen , Zhang Jian‐Jun 
Published: May 2018

AbstractRecurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is three or more times of consecutive spontaneous loss of pregnancy. The underlying cause is complicated and the etiology of over 50% of RPL patients is unclear. Metastasis associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript‐1 (MALAT‐1), a multiple lncRNA functions as key regulators of diverse cellular processes. In this study, we found a reduced MALAT1 level in the villus samples of 36 RPL patients. Predicted by bioinformatics tool and confirmed by dual luciferase assay, we identified that MALAT1 directly interacts with miRNAs. Subsequent functional study in HTR‐8/SVneo and HUVEC cells indicated that MALAT1 modulates the cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion via directly interact with miR‐383, miR‐15, miR‐205 and miR‐375. By modulating the VEGFA expression, MALAT1 controls the capillary formation of HUVEC cells. In conclusion, MALAT1 as a functional lncRNA controls cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, invasion and modulates blood vessel formation. Down regulated MALAT1 induced disordered cross‐talk between embryo and mother is one of the factor contributes to the pathogenesis of RPL.
A More Precise Electromyographic Needle Approach for Examination of the Rhomboid Major
Authors: Kim Ki Hoon , Kim Goo Young , Lim Seong Gyu , Park Byung Kyu , Kim Dong Hwee 
Published: May 2018

AbstractBackgroundSafe and accurate needle access to the rhomboid major (RM) during electromyography is challenging due to the overlying trapezius muscle and the risk of pneumothorax.ObjectiveTo investigate the RM anatomy associated with the trapezius using ultrasonography and to determine a safe and accurate needle insertion point for needle electromyography of the RM.DesignDescriptive study.SettingDepartment of physical medicine and rehabilitation of a tertiary clinic center.ParticipantsParticipants between 23 and 71 years of age without any diseases (N = 25; 13 men, 12 women; 50 scapulae) were included.InterventionsUltrasonography of the RM and trapezius muscles around the scapula.Main Outcome MeasuresThe point at which the lateral margin of the trapezius crosses the medial border of the scapula (point A) was determined. The probe was positioned at the level of the midpoint (point M) between point A and the inferior angle of the scapula. The horizontal distance from the point at which the RM was the thickest (point X) to point M was measured. At point X, the depth of the RM, RM thickness, and the depth of the pleura were measured.ResultsThe mean age and body mass index were 37.4 ± 12.0 years and 22.3 ± 2.1 kg/m2, respectively. Point M was located at a mean distance of 3.9 ± 0.6 cm proximal to the inferior angle of the scapula. The mean distance between point X and point M was 1.0 ± 0.2 cm. At point X, the RM was at a mean depth of 9.7 ± 3.1 mm from the skin and had a mean thickness of 9.9 ± 1.8 mm. The pleura was observed at a mean depth of 28.4 ± 3.8 mm from the skin.ConclusionNeedle electromyographic examination of the RM can be performed easily and safely through the lower part of the RM that is not covered by the trapezius.Level of Evidencenot applicable.
Reliability of the Star Excursion Balance Test and Two New Similar Protocols to Measure Trunk Postural Control
Authors: López‐Plaza Diego , Juan‐Recio Casto , Barbado David , Ruiz‐Pérez Iñaki , Vera‐Garcia Francisco J. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractBackgroundAlthough the Star Excursion Balance test (SEBT) has shown a good intrasession reliability, the intersession reliability of this test has not been deeply studied. Furthermore, there is an evident high influence of the lower limbs in the performance of the SEBT, so even if it has been used to measure core stability, it is possibly not the most suitable measurement.Objective(1) To assess the absolute and relative between‐session reliability of the SEBT and 2 novel variations of this test to assess trunk postural control while sitting, ie, the Star Excursion Sitting Test (SEST) and the Star Excursion Timing Test (SETT); and (2) to analyze the relationships between these 3 test scores.DesignCorrelational and reliability test–retest study.SettingControlled laboratory environment.ParticipantsTwenty‐seven physically active men (age: 24.54 ± 3.05 years).MethodRelative and absolute reliability of the SEBT, SEST, and SETT were calculated through the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and standard error of measurement (SEM), respectively. A Pearson correlation analysis was carried out between the variables of the 3 tests.Main Outcome MeasuresMaximum normalized reach distances were assessed for different SEBT and SEST directions. In addition, composite indexes were calculated for SEBT, SEST, and SETT.ResultsThe SEBT (dominant leg: ICC = 0.87 [0.73‐0.94], SEM = 2.12 [1.66‐2.93]; nondominant leg: ICC = 0.74 [0.50‐0.87], SEM = 3.23 [2.54‐4.45]), SEST (ICC = 0.85 [0.68‐0.92], SEM = 1.27 [1.03‐1.80]), and SETT (ICC = 0.61 [0.30‐0.80], SEM = 2.31 [1.82‐3.17]) composite indexes showed moderate‐to‐high 1‐month reliability. A learning effect was detected for some SEBT and SEST directions and for SEST and SETT composite indexes. No significant correlations were found between SEBT and its 2 variations (r ≤ .366; P > .05). A significant correlation was found between the SEST and SETT composite indexes (r = .520; P > .01).ConclusionsSEBT, SEST, and SETT are reliable field protocols to measure postural control. However, whereas the SEBT assesses postural control in single‐leg stance, SEST and SETT provide trunk postural control measures with lower influence of the lower‐limbs.Level of EvidenceIII
Psychometric Properties of Dispositional Hope Scale for Brazilian Sport Context
Authors: Moreira Caio Rosas , Nascimento-Junior José Roberto Andrade , Codonhato Renan , Fiorese Lenamar 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThis study investigated the psychometric properties of the Dispositional Hope Scale (DHS) for the Brazilian sport context. The sample for construct validity consisted of 474 athletes; internal validity was assessed with 101 athletes; and external validity was tested in 81 athletes, from which, were 55 had further participated in the temporal stability assessment. Data analysis was conducted through the following tests: Cronbach’s alpha, Composite Reliability (CR), Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), Spearman Correlation Coefficient and intraclass correlation. Results had shown that the DHS presents satisfactory internal consistency (.79 ≤ α ≤ .83; .58 ≤ r ≤ .75). The EFA model revealed a two-factor solution to be the most adequate, while CFA confirmed such model (χ2= 59.88; p< .001; χ2/df = 3.15; CFI = .90; AGFI = .94; TLI = .90; RMSEA = .07 CI [.05, .08]). The hope dimensions were positively correlated with Self-esteem (r > .50). Temporal stability was achieved (ICC > .70). It was concluded that the DHS is a valid measure for the assessment of hope in Brazilian sports context; this instrument has potential practical applications for professionals working with Sport Psychology.
Modulation of Extratropical Cyclones by Previous Cyclones via the Sea Surface Temperature Anomaly Over the Sea of Japan in Winter
Authors: Zhao Ning , Iwasaki Shinsuke , Yamamoto Masaru , Isobe Atsuhiko 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe effects of a cyclone‐induced sea surface temperature (SST) anomaly in the Sea of Japan on following cyclones were investigated using a regional numerical model. The model was conducted with and without an SST anomaly due to cooling from a single extratropical cyclone in winter. Twenty‐six pairs of sensitivity experiments demonstrated that cyclones were not always sensitive to the SST anomaly. The low‐level trough (strong northwesterly winds) affected cyclone sensitivity via a cold air intrusion over the Sea of Japan. A strong (weak) cold air intrusion formed a relatively unstable (stable) and higher (lower) convective layer and the concentration of cyclone paths over the oceans, making the cyclones sensitive to the underlying SST. Two specific cyclones were analyzed to demonstrate two distinct patterns (wave‐like and path shifting, respectively) in cyclone modulations revealed in the wavelet spectra. The wave‐like pattern was formed by the superposition of multiple anomalous waves with different periods and scales, which originated from upper‐level potential vorticity anomalies and temperature advection. The path‐shifting pattern was caused by the diabatic heating‐induced potential vorticity anomalies, which were supplied by the intense heat and moisture from the regions surrounding the Sea of Japan. Therefore, a cyclone can modulate a following cyclone by reducing the SST over the Sea of Japan; however, the modulation can vary in different ways, depending on the atmospheric background and dynamics of the cyclone development.
Thermodynamic Control of the Carbon Budget of a Peatland
Authors: Worrall Fred , Moody Catherine S. , Clay Gareth D. , Burt Tim P. , Kettridge Nicholas , Rose Rob 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe transformations and transitions of organic matter into, through, and out of an ecosystem must obey the second law of thermodynamics. This study considered the transition in the solid components of the organic matter flux through an entire ecosystem. Organic matter samples were taken from each organic matter reservoir and fluvial transfer pathway in a 100% peat‐covered catchment (Moor House National Nature Reserve, North Pennines, UK) and were analyzed by elemental analysis and bomb calorimetry. The samples analyzed were as follows: bulk aboveground and belowground biomass; individual plant functional types (heather, mosses, and sedges); plant litter layer; peat soil; and samples of particulate and dissolved organic matter (POM and DOM). Samples were compared to standards of lignin, cellulose, and plant protein. It was possible to calculate: enthalpy of formation (
); entropy of formation (
); and Gibbs free energy of formation (
) for each of the samples and standards. The increase (decreasing negative values) in
through the ecosystem mean that for all but litter production, the transformations through the system must be balanced by production of low (large negative values)
products, not only CO2 or CH4 but also DOM. The change in
down the peat profile shows that reaction of the soil organic matter decreases or even ceases at depth and the majority of the reaction has occurred above 40 cm below the surface. This approach represents a new objective way to test and trace organic matter transformations in and through an ecosystem.
Phenotype and genotype predictors of BMI variability among European adults
Authors: Goni Leticia , García-Granero Marta , Milagro Fermín I. , Cuervo Marta , Martínez J. Alfredo 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Background/Objective
Obesity is a complex and multifactorial disease resulting from the interactions among genetics, metabolic, behavioral, sociocultural and environmental factors. In this sense, the aim of the present study was to identify phenotype and genotype variables that could be relevant determinants of body mass index (BMI) variability.

Subjects/Methods
In the present study, a total of 1050 subjects (798 females; 76%) were included. Least angle regression (LARS) analysis was used as regression model selection technique, where the dependent variable was BMI and the independent variables were age, sex, energy intake, physical activity level, and 16 polymorphisms previously related to obesity and lipid metabolism.

Results
The LARS analysis obtained the following formula for BMI explanation: (64.7 + 0.10 × age [years] + 0.42 × gender [0, men; 1, women] + −40.6 × physical activity [physical activity level] + 0.004 × energy intake [kcal] + 0.74 × rs9939609 [0 or 1–2 risk alleles] + −0.72 × rs1800206 [0 or 1–2 risk alleles] + −0.86 × rs1801282 [0 or 1–2 risk alleles] + 0.87 × rs429358 [0 or 1–2 risk alleles]. The multivariable regression model accounted for 21% of the phenotypic variance in BMI. The regression model was internally validated by the bootstrap method (r2 original data set = 0.208, mean r2 bootstrap data sets = 0.210).

Conclusion
In conclusion, age, physical activity, energy intake and polymorphisms in FTO, APOE, PPARG and PPARA genes are significant predictors of the BMI trait.