bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ecological risk assessment of geohazards in Natural World Heritage Sites: an empirical analysis of Bogda, Tianshan
Authors: Liu Qin , Yang Zhaoping , Shi Hui , Wang Zhi 
Published: August 2019

AbstractEcological risk assessment plays an important role in avoiding disasters and reducing losses. Natural world heritage site is the most precious natural assets on earth, yet few studies have assessed ecological risks from the perspective of world heritage conservation and management. A methodology for considering ecological threats and vulnerabilities and focusing on heritage value was introduced and discussed for the Bogda component of the Xinjiang Tianshan Natural World Heritage Site. Three important results are presented. (1) Criteria layers and ecological risk showed obvious spatial heterogeneity. Extremely high-risk and high-risk areas, accounting for 13.60% and 32.56%, respectively, were mainly gathered at Tianchi Lake and Bogda Glacier, whereas the extremely low-risk and low-risk areas, covering 1.33% and 17.51% of the site,were mainly distributed to the north and scattered around in the southwest montane region. (2) The level of risk was positively correlated with the type of risk, and as the level of risk increases, the types of risk increase. Only two risk types were observed in the extremely low-risk areas, whereas six risk types were observed in the high-risk areas and eight risk types were observed in the extremely high-risk areas. (3) From the perspective of risk probability and ecological damage, four risk management categories were proposed, and correlative strategies were proposed to reduce the possibility of ecological risk and to sustain or enhance heritage value.
Sub-membranous actin rings in the axon initial segment are resistant to the action of latrunculin
Authors: Abouelezz Amr , Micinski David , Lipponen Aino , Hotulainen Pirta 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The axon initial segment (AIS) comprises a sub-membranous lattice containing periodic actin rings. The overall AIS structure is insensitive to actin-disrupting drugs, but the effects of actin-disrupting drugs on actin rings lack consensus. We examined the effect of latrunculin A and B on the actin cytoskeleton of neurons in culture and actin rings in the AIS. Both latrunculin A and B markedly reduced the overall amount of F-actin in treated neurons in a dose-dependent manner, but the periodicity of actin rings remained unaffected. The insensitivity of AIS actin rings to latrunculin suggests they are relatively stable.
Drivers’ Individual Design Preferences of Takeover Requests in Highly Automated Driving
Authors: Brandenburg Stefan , Epple Sandra 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Highly automated cars will be on the worlds’ roads within the next decade. In highly automated driving the vehicle’s lateral and longitudinal controls can be passed on from the driver to the vehicle and back again. The design of a vehicle’s take-over requests will largely determine the driver’s performance after taking back vehicle control. In the scope of this paper, potential drivers of highly automated cars were asked about their preferences regarding the human-machine interface design of take-over requests. Participants were asked to evaluate eight different take-over requests that differed with respect to (a) take-over request procedure (one-step or two-step procedure), (b) visual take-over request modality (text or text and pictogram), and (c) auditory take-over request modality (tone or speech). Results showed that participants preferred a two-step procedure using text and speech to communicate take-over requests. A subsequent conjoint analysis revealed that take-over requests ideally use speech output in a two-step procedure. Finally, a detailed evaluation showed that the best take-over request interface received significantly higher user experience ratings regarding product characteristics as well as users’ emotions and consequences of product use than the worst take-over request interface. Results are related to the background literature and practical implications are discussed.
Challenges and Requirements of Immersive Media in Autonomous Car: Exploring the Feasibility of Virtual Entertainment Applications
Authors: Wienrich Carolin , Schindler Kristina 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis paper investigated the influence of VR-entertainment systems on passenger and entertainment experience in vehicles with smooth movements. To simulate an autonomous driving scenario, a tablet and a mobile VR-HMD were evaluated in a dynamic driving simulator. Passenger, user and entertainment experience were measured through questionnaires based on comfort/discomfort, application perception, presence, and simulator sickness. In two experiments, two film sequences with varying formats (2D versus 3D) were presented. In Experiment 1, the established entertainment system (tablet + 2D) was tested against a possible future one (HMD + 3D). The results indicated a significantly more favorable experience for the VR-HMD application in the dimensions of user experience (UX) and presence, as well as low simulator sickness values. In Experiment 2, the film format was held constant (2D), and only the device (tablet versus HMD) was varied. There was a significant difference in all constructs, which points to a positive reception of the HMD. Additional analyses of the HMD device data for both experiments showed that the device and not the film format contributed to the favorable experience with the HMD. Additionally, the framework to evaluate the new application context of VR as an entertainment system in autonomous vehicles was discussed.
“What’s the Robo-Driver up to?” Requirements for Screen-based Awareness and Intent Communication in Autonomous Buses
Authors: Fröhlich Peter , Schatz Raimund , Buchta Markus , Schrammel Johann , Suette Stefan , Tscheligi Manfred 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Autonomous buses are expected to become a cornerstone of future mobility systems. Especially during their introduction, passengers may require reassurance about the vehicle’s awareness of the situation on the road and of its intended next actions to further acceptance. In order to investigate the need and requirements for information about the vehicle’s awareness and intent from the perspective of first-time users, we conducted two user studies in a state-of-the-art autonomous bus at public demonstration spaces. In the first study, participants underwent a demonstration ride with the bus and were then asked about their needs for awareness and intent communication. The second study took participants on a ‘simulated ride’ within a stationary bus, in which typical scenarios of the road ahead were presented, together with different awareness and intent cues. Our results suggest that, first, future autonomous bus passengers may be in need of such awareness and intent communication screens. Second, we found that awareness and intent communication may be of greater importance for the indication of potential hazard recognition than for indicating route directions. Third, due to their complementary strengths, none of the three compared types of visual communication (text, icon and augmented reality) should be used in isolation.
Augmented Reality Windshield Displays and Their Potential to Enhance User Experience in Automated Driving
Authors: Riegler Andreas , Wintersberger Philipp , Riener Andreas , Holzmann Clemens 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Increasing vehicle automation presents challenges as drivers of highly automated vehicles become more disengaged from the primary driving task. However, even with fully automated driving, there will still be activities that require interfaces for vehicle-passenger interactions. Windshield displays are a technology with a promising potential for automated driving, as they are able to provide large content areas supporting drivers in non-driving related activities. However, it is still unknown how potential drivers or passengers would use these displays. This work addresses user preferences for windshield displays in automated driving. Participants of a user study (

N
=
63

N=63

) were presented two levels of automation (conditional and full), and could freely choose preferred positions, content types, as well as size, transparency levels and importance levels of content windows using a simulated “ideal” windshield display. We visualized the results in form of heatmap data which show that user preferences differ with respect to the level of automation, age, gender, or environment aspects. These insights can help designers of interiors and in-vehicle applications to provide a rich user experience in highly automated vehicles.
Undergraduate Public History Teaching: How and Why It Can Change University History Training
Authors: Cauvin Thomas 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis essay introduces the special section on undergraduate public history teaching. It explores its various opportunities, its challenges and some options for instructors to design their courses. In addition to presenting the six contributions of this special section, the author proposes some broader reflections on how undergraduate public history teaching can potentially change the ways history is taught but also researched and practiced in universities.
Leading the Way: Teaching Public History for the First Time
Authors: Silva Bárbara 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis paper seeks to discuss some challenges and reflections on teaching a public history class for the first time, in a country with little familiarity with public history as a field, and with limited literature in Spanish. This experience presents some decisions on how to teach public history, how undergraduate students got involved in public history as a practice, and some considerations on historians and public history.
Learning by Doing: Introducing Students to Public History through Digital Projects
Authors: Lucchesi Anita , Legay Richard 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis article reflects on the process of building and teaching a course in digital public history for Bachelor students at the University of Luxembourg. The heart of the program was the hands-on, experimental approach. The article describes the organization of the course and presents some of the strategies followed to lead the students through a more holistic and playful approach. The experience shows that the learning by doing motto can be an effective path for teaching public history and especially digital public history, as the digital element opens space for more experimentation.
From Uncle Tom’s Cabin to “Countering Colston”: Slavery and Memory in a Transatlantic Undergraduate Research Project
Authors: Reid-Maroney Nina , Bell Amy , Brooks Neil , Otele Olivette , White Richard 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIn 2016–17 and in 2018–19, undergraduate students and faculty at Huron University College in London, Canada, and at Bath Spa University in the UK collaborated on an innovative community-based research project: Phantoms of the Past: Slavery and Resistance, History and Memory in the Atlantic World. Our paper outlines the structure of the project, highlights student research, and argues that the Phantoms undergraduate student researchers helped to create an innovative and important body of work on transatlantic Public History and local commemorative practice.
Chirped Large Mode Area Photonic Crystal Modal Fibers and its Resonance Modes Based on Finite Element Technique
Authors: Amiri IS , Rashed Ahmed Nabih Zaki , Sarker Kaushik , Paul Bikash Kumar , Ahmed Kawsar 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The study has outlined the finite element technique used for the fiber modal analysis of photonic crystal fiber (PCF) structure with a hexagonal/circular air holes arrangement on the cladding of pure fiber-optic silica. The used fibers that are namely highly nonlinear fiber (HNLF), single model silica fiber (SMSF) are combined with PCFs with different dopants concentration. Leakage loss, number of guided resonant modes, fiber birefringence, effective refractive index and cross-section areas and nonlinear coefficient parameters are measured inaccurate estimation. The optimum resonant guided modes are also estimated for different lattice infrastructure in circular PCFs.
Combinatorial models of cross-country dual meets: what is a big victory?
Authors: Riedel Kurt S. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Combinatorial/probabilistic models for cross-country dual-meets are proposed. The first model assumes that all runners are equally likely to finish in any possible order. The second model assumes that each team is selected from a large identically distributed population of potential runners and with each potential runner’s ranking determined by the initial draw from the combined population.
Severe population bottleneck and cranial morphology change in the Mednyi Island subspecies of Arctic foxVulpes lagopus(Carnivora: Canidae)
Authors: Prôa Miguel , Nanova Olga 
Published: August 2019

AbstractArctic foxes,Vulpes lagopusliving on Mednyi Island suffered a drastic decline in population size in the late 1970s due to an outbreak of mange epizootic. This dramatic fall in numbers rendered the subspecies endangered, and the concomitant loss of variability resulted in a population bottleneck. Here, we investigate whether differences in cranial morphology between Mednyi Island Arctic foxes and Bering Island Arctic foxes could be attributed to the severe population bottleneck suffered by the Mednyi population in the 1970s. We used morphometric traits as proxies for genetic data to provide estimates of FST. Results show higher FSTestimates for the Mednyi population than for the Bering population, which we interpret as a bottleneck signature. FSTresults also indicate a pattern of divergence between the two populations consistent with random genetic drift. Bottleneck detection is critical for the interpretation of the demographic history of the endangered Mednyi Island Arctic fox, with consequences for conservation management.
*-Ricci soliton on (κ, μ)′-almost Kenmotsu manifolds
Authors: Dai Xinxin , Zhao Yan , Chand De Uday 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Let (M, g) be a non-Kenmotsu (κ, μ)′-almost Kenmotsu manifold of dimension 2n + 1. In this paper, we prove that if the metric g of M is a *-Ricci soliton, then either M is locally isometric to the product ℍn+1(−4)×ℝn or the potential vector field is strict infinitesimal contact transformation. Moreover, two concrete examples of (κ, μ)′-almost Kenmotsu 3-manifolds admitting a Killing vector field and strict infinitesimal contact transformation are given.
Two weight estimates for a class of (p, q) type sublinear operators and their commutators
Authors: Yunpeng Hu , Jiang Zhou , Yonghui Cao 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
In the present paper, the authors investigate the two weight, weak-(p, q) type norm inequalities for a class of sublinear operators 𝓣γ and their commutators [b, 𝓣γ] on weighted Morrey and Amalgam spaces. What should be stressed is that we introduce the new BMO type space and our results generalize known results before.
Dynamic of a nonautonomous two-species impulsive competitive system with infinite delays
Authors: He Mengxin , Li Zhong , Chen Fengde 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
In this paper, we consider a nonautonomous two-species impulsive competitive system with infinite delays. By the impulsive comparison theorem and some mathematical analysis, we investigate the permanence, extinction and global attractivity of the system, as well as the influence of impulse perturbation on the dynamic behaviors of this system. For the logistic type impulsive equation with infinite delay, our results improve those of Xuxin Yang, Weibing Wang and Jianhua Shen [Permanence of a logistic type impulsive equation with infinite delay, Applied Mathematics Letters, 24(2011), 420-427]. For the corresponding nonautonomous two-species impulsive competitive system without delays, we discuss its permanence, extinction and global attractivity, which weaken and complement the results of Zhijun Liu and Qinglong Wang [An almost periodic competitive system subject to impulsive perturbations, Applied Mathematics and Computation, 231(2014), 377-385].
2-closures of primitive permutation groups of holomorph type
Authors: Yu Xue , Pan Jiangmin 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The 2-closure G(2) of a permutation group G on a finite set Ω is the largest subgroup of Sym(Ω) which has the same orbits as G in the induced action on Ω × Ω. In this paper, the 2-closures of certain primitive permutation groups of holomorph simple and holomorph compound types are determined.
Monotonicity properties and inequalities related to generalized Grötzsch ring functions
Authors: Wang Fei , He Jian-Hui , Yin Li , Qi Feng 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIn the paper, the authors present some monotonicity properties and some sharp inequalities for the generalized Grötzsch ring function and related elementary functions. Consequently, the authors obtain new bounds for solutions of the Ramanujan generalized modular equation.
Variation inequalities related to Schrödinger operators on weighted Morrey spaces
Authors: Zhang Jing 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This paper establishes the boundedness of the variation operators associated with Riesz transforms and commutators generated by the Riesz transforms and BMO-type functions in the Schrödinger setting on the weighted Morrey spaces related to certain nonnegative potentials belonging to the reverse Hölder class.
Primary angiosarcoma of the kidney: case report and comprehensive literature review
Authors: Boni Andrea , Cochetti Giovanni , Sidoni Angelo , Bellezza Guido , Lepri Emanuele , Giglio Andrea De , Turco Morena , Vermandois Jacopo Adolfo Rossi De , Zingaro Michele Del , Cirocchi Roberto , Mearini Ettore 
Published: August 2019

AbstractPurposeAngiosarcoma (AS) is an aggressive malignant tumour of endothelial origin, most frequently compelling the skin. The kidney is a rare site of primary occurrence of AS with a quite challenging diagnosis and poor prognosis, mainly due to its raw metastasising power. We described our first case of AS treatment. A comprehensive literature review in this field is also carried out.Patients and methodsWe report the case of a 56-years-old man with radiological appearance of an 11 cm poor vascularised left renal mass. The pre-operative imaging ruled out distant metastases and inferior vena cava thrombosis. Thus, after radioembolization, we performed a transperitoneal open radical nephrectomy with regional lymphadenectomy with the removal of the middle portion of the ileo-psoas muscle, followed by two lines of adjuvant chemotherapy. We analysed all the papers concerning primary kidney AS until December 2018.ResultsEstimated intraoperative blood loss was 200 mL with an operative time of 100 minutes. No postoperative complications were recorded, with the patient discharge in the 8th postoperative day. The pathological assessment showed a pT3a N0, M0 tumour compatible with AS of the kidney. An immune-histochemical study showed a vascular positive for CD31, CD34, Fli-1 with a Ki-67/Mib 1 of 50%. One month after surgery the patient began adjuvant chemotherapy with gemcitabine. After 45 days from surgery, a Computed Tomography scan showed lung and liver metastases with disease relapse in the left kidney lodge. The response to the first-line treatment was excellent, unlike the second-line, encountering a chemo-refractory disease. The cancer-specific survival was of 15 months. We included 66 cases in our review.ConclusionThis is the first case of treatment of kidney AS performed at our Institute. Our findings added new information about the unclear biology and progression of this subset of tumours, demonstrating an abysmal prognosis.
Hounsfield Units on Lumbar Computed Tomography for Predicting Regional Bone Mineral Density
Authors: Kim Kyung Joon , Kim Dong Hwan , Lee Jae Il , Choi Byung Kwan , Han In Ho , Nam Kyoung Hyup 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Objective
Bone mineral density (BMD) is a very important factor in spinal fusion surgery using instrumentation. Our aim was to investigate the utility of Hounsfield units (HU) obtained from preoperative lumbar computed tomography (CT) to predict osteoporosis coupling with data of quantitative computed tomography (QCT) and dual X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA).

Methods
We reviewed 180 patients that underwent both QCT and lumbar CT for spine surgery. HU was retrospectively calculated on the lumbar CT of 503 lumbar vertebrae from L1 to L3. Femur DEXA was performed in all patients and spine DEXA was tested in 120 patients (331 vertebrae). BMD was grouped as osteoporosis (QCT<80mg/cm3, DEXA T score≤-2.5) and non-osteoporosis (QCT≥80mg/cm3, DEXA T score>-2.5) for comparison of HU value.

Results
HU value and BMD showed significant correlations. The optima cut-off value based on QCT was higher than that of DEXA scans which had the best correlation for predicting osteoporosis. ROC curve analysis demonstrated that HU value with QCT of 146 has a sensitivity of 94.3% and a specificity of 87.5% for osteoporosis.

Conclusions
Significant correlation was found between HU measurement and BMD value. These findings provide evidence that HU measurement can be established as a means for predicting osteoporosis before spine fusion surgery with reduced radiation hazard.
Tandem white organic light-emitting diodes stacked with two symmetrical emitting units simultaneously achieving superior efficiency/CRI/color stability
Authors: Miao Yanqin , Wei Xiaozhen , Gao Long , Wang Kexiang , Zhao Bo , Wang Zhongqiang , Zhao Bin , Wang Hua , Wu Yucheng , Xu Bingshe 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
In this work, a series of three and four-color tandem white organic light-emitting diodes (WOLEDs) are developed by using the optimized charge generating unit (CGU) to connect two electroluminescence (EL) units with symmetrical emitting layers, in which symmetrical emitting layers are constructed based on the mixed hosts; sandwiched between hole and electron-transporting hosts and the light emitted from two EL units that are absolutely complementary for forming white emission. All resulting tandem WOLEDs realize good white emission with maximum color rendering index (CRI) beyond 77 and 90 for three and four-color white devices and extremely high EL spectra stability, and also achieve high device efficiency with maximum external quantum efficiency (EQE) exceeding 33.10%. For example, for the optimized four-color tandem WOLED, the maximum CRI and EQE of 91 and 34.78% are demonstrated and only very slight CIE (Δx, Δy) variation of (0.002, −0.010) was observed at a wide luminance range from 170.9 cd/m2 to 13,870 cd/m2. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first tandem WOLED with only two EL units realizing such high device performances. More importantly, the proposed tandem WOLEDs here avoid introducing carrier or exciton blocking layer or using more EL units to realize high color quality white emission that provides a novel approach to develop simple, but high-performance tandem WOLEDs.