bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evozierte Potenziale
Authors: Buchner Helmut , Klinker Florian , Kunesch Erwin , Milnik Volker , Weise David 
Published: August 2019

ZusammenfassungEvozierte Potenziale (EP; akustisch AEP, somatosensorisch SEP, visuell VEP) und die magnetisch evozierten motorischen Potenziale (MEP) liefern präzise Messungen der Leitungszeit in der stimulierten Leitungsbahn. Die Indikation zur Untersuchung der Funktionen zentraler Leitungsbahnen und peripherer Nerven ist der Nachweis oder Ausschluss einer verminderten Leitgeschwindigkeit. Der diagnostische Wert der EP liegt im Beleg für einen demyelinisierenden Typ einer Läsion bzw. Funktionsstörung. Die Indikationen für die Untersuchungen mit evozierten Potenzialen werden ohne Anspruch auf Vollständigkeit zusammengefasst. Die große Bedeutung der EP in der Diagnose und Prognose der Multiplen Sklerose wird begründet.
Hyper-G: An Artificial Intelligence Tool for Optimal Decision-Making and Management of Blood Glucose Levels in Surgery Patients
Authors: Nair Akira A. , Velagapudi Mihir , Behara Lakshmana , Venigandla Ravitheja , Fong Christine T. , Horibe Mayumi , Nair Bala G. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background Hyperglycemia or high blood glucose during surgery is associated with poor postoperative outcome. Knowing in advance which patients may develop hyperglycemia allows optimal assignment of resources and earlier initiation of glucose management plan.
Objective To develop predictive models to estimate peak glucose levels in surgical patients and to implement the best performing model as a point-of-care clinical tool to assist the surgical team to optimally manage glucose levels.
Methods Using a large perioperative dataset (6,579 patients) of patient- and surgery-specific parameters, we developed and validated linear regression and machine learning models (random forest, extreme gradient boosting [Xg Boost], classification and regression trees [CART], and neural network) to predict the peak glucose levels during surgery. The model performances were compared in terms of mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), logarithm of the ratio of the predicted to actual value (log ratio), median prediction error, and interquartile error range. The best performing model was implemented as part of a web-based application for optimal decision-making toward glucose management during surgery.
Results Accuracy of the machine learning models were higher (MAPE = 17%, log ratio = 0.029 for Xg Boost) when compared with that of the linear regression model (MAPE = 22%, log ratio = 0.041). The Xg Boost model had the smallest median prediction error (5.4 mg/dL) and the narrowest interquartile error range (−17 to 24 mg/dL) as compared with the other models. The best performing model, Xg Boost, was implemented as a web application, Hyper-G, which the perioperative providers can use at the point of care to estimate peak glucose levels during surgery.
Conclusions Machine learning models are able to accurately predict peak glucose levels during surgery. Implementation of such a model as a web-based application can facilitate optimal decision-making and advance planning of glucose management strategies.
Identification of Copy Number Variation by Array-CGH in Portuguese Children and Adolescents Diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorders
Authors: Monteiro S. , Pinto J. , Mira Coelho A. , Leão M. , Dória S. 
Published: August 2019

Background Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) affect many children with an estimated prevalence of 1%. Array-comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) offers significant sensitivity for the identification of submicroscopic chromosomal abnormalities and it is one of the most used techniques in daily practice. The main objective of this study was to describe the usefulness of array-CGH in the etiologic diagnosis of ASD.
Methods Two-hundred fifty-three patients admitted to a neurogenetic outpatient clinic and diagnosed with ASD were selected for array-CGH (4 × 180K microarrays). Public databases were used for classification in accordance with the American College of Medical Genetics Standards and Guidelines.
Results About 3.56% (9/253) of copy number variations (CNVs) were classified as pathogenic. When likely pathogenic CNVs were considered, the rate increased to 11.46% (29/253). Some CNVs apparently not correlated to the ASD were also found. Considering a phenotype–genotype correlation, the patients were divided in two groups. One group according to previous literature includes all the CNVs related to ASDs (23 CNVs present in 22 children) and another with those apparently not related to ASD (10 CNVs present in 7 children). In 18 patients, a next-generation sequencing (NGS) panel were performed. From these, one pathogenic and 16 uncertain significance variants were identified.
Conclusion The results of our study are in accordance with the literature, highlighting the relevance of array-CGH in the genetic of diagnosis of ASD population, namely when associated with other features. Our study also reinforces the need for complementarity between array-CGH and NGS panels or whole exome sequencing in the etiological diagnosis of ASD.
Novel Variations in β-Myosin Heavy-Chain Gene (β-MYH7) and Its Association in South Indian Women with Cardiomyopathies
Authors: Rani Deepa Selvi , Nallari Pratibha , Narasimhan Calambur , Thangaraj Kumarasamy 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background Mutations in β-MYH7 gene is a main genetic cause of cardiomyopathy and sudden cardiac arrest, yet the molecular mechanisms have not been fully understood.
Objectives To identify variations in β-MYH7 gene and their possible mechanistic role in cardiomyopathies among Indian women.
Methods We sequenced all exons and their flanking regions of the β-MYH7 gene in 188 Indian women consisting of 33 hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), 48 dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), and 107 healthy controls.
Results Our study showed 21 variations in β-MYH7 gene, including 7 novel mutations. In addition, we compared this dataset with our previously studied datasets of seven other sarcomere genes (ACTC, TNNT2, MYL2, MYBPC3, TPM1, TNNI3, and MYL3) and found no causative mutation, confirming the nonexistence of compound heterozygosity. Interestingly, we detected a Val431Met mutation exclusively in patients, and its pathogenicity has been predicted using the protein homology model. In native, Val431 is evolutionarily conserved across many species. In the homology model, mutant Met431 gets further buried in the hydrophobic core by creating an aberrant hydrophobic interaction with Leu352. As a result, it probably reduces the spatial distances between other hydrophobic interactions in the hydrophobic core that may produce steric hindrance and strain. It may lead to deviation in the structure (root means square deviation [RMSD] of ~3.9), and might possibly causing the cardiac remodeling and cardiomyopathy.
Conclusion We identified a novel Val431Met mutation, exclusively in patients, and its homology model p.Met431 has profoundly increased the mechanistic understanding of disease specifically in personalized medicine, to block/inverse/diminish the disease phenotype.
Elevated Lactate Levels as a Predictor of Early Mortality in Patients with Severe LV Dysfunction without Shock or Hypoxemia
Authors: Chetti Shravan Kumar , Moode Sandeep , Garre Indrani , Nemani Lalita 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background Hyperlactatemia in intensive coronary care unit (ICCU) admitted patients who are critically ill must be considered to be related to tissue hypoxia/hypoperfusion. The routine measurement of lactate levels and its significance is still unclear in ICCU patients with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) < 35% without hypotension and/or hypoxia.
Methods and Materials A prospective study was conducted for six months between January 2018 and June 2018 in our institute. Age ≥18 years who admitted to the ICCU with LVEF less than 35% were included.
Results Total of 104 patients were included after met inclusion and exclusion criteria and consented to enrolment in the study. The most common age group involved was between 50 and 70 years (46.2% of the patients) with a mean age of 52.5 ± 16.3 years. Mean lactate levels in the study population were 1.9 mmol/L. Mortality was noted in five patients (4%) in whom there were mean lactate levels of 2.58 ± 0.37 mmol/L. In the present study population, the patients with elevated lactate levels had early mortality with a p-value of 0.005 (95% CI for difference = 0.604–1.596). The average duration of stay in ICCU in the study population was 3.3 ± 1.2 days, which was in correlation with elevated serum lactate levels. The mean pH of the study population was 7.2 ± 0.19, and mean pH in the mortality group was 7.06 ± 0.21, which was not statistically significant with those of the study population.
Conclusions From our study, patients without signs of heart failure and cardiogenic shock had increased mortality when blood lactate level was over or equal to 2.5 mmol/L. So it may be used as an adjunct in identifying patients with a higher risk of mortality even without signs of heart failure, cardiogenic shock. In conclusion, according to our data, ICCU admitted patients with LVEF < 35%, blood lactate is a prognostic marker for early mortality.
Controlling the material properties and rRNA processing function of the nucleolus using light
Authors: Zhu Lian , Richardson Tiffany M. , Wacheul Ludivine , Wei Ming-Tzo , Feric Marina , Whitney Gena , Lafontaine Denis L. J. , Brangwynne Clifford P. 
Published: August 2019

Significance
The nucleolus is an organelle in the nucleus that plays a key role in the transcription and processing of ribosomal RNA (rRNA). While many studies have highlighted the viscoelastic material state of the nucleolus, how the material properties of the nucleolus affect its function in rRNA biogenesis is not understood. Here we use an optogenetic protein system to tune the material state of the nucleolus. Our experiments show that above a certain concentration of light-activated protein, the nucleoli gel into a tightly linked meshwork and are no longer able to fuse. These material property changes lead to changes in rRNA processing, providing insight into how rRNA flux and processing may be natively tuned through the material state of nucleolus.
Second harmonic generation detection of Ras conformational changes and discovery of a small molecule binder
Authors: Donohue Elizabeth , Khorsand Sina , Mercado Gabriel , Varney Kristen M. , Wilder Paul T. , Yu Wenbo , MacKerell Alexander D. , Alexander Patrick , Van Que N. , Moree Ben , Stephen Andrew G. , Weber David J. , Salafsky Joshua , McCormick Frank 
Published: August 2019

Significance
KRas is the most frequently mutated oncogene in human cancer, and its critical role in tumorigenesis is well established. Historical challenges in targeting KRas have led to its characterization as an “undruggable” target, but recent advances in drug discovery approaches have revealed promising avenues toward the development of small molecule Ras inhibitors. This study describes the successful implementation of second harmonic generation (SHG) as a screening platform to identify a conformational modulator of KRas that binds to a single distinct pocket. This work demonstrates how SHG screening can be applied to both the discovery and characterization of ligands for a high-value oncogenic target.
Knowing in translation practice
Authors: Olohan Maeve 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This paper addresses the relationship between practice and knowledge in translation. It employs practice theory to conceptualize ‘knowing-in-practice’, introducing a theoretical approach to translation studies that enables an analytical focus on the practice of translating, rather than on the cognitive processes of translators or the textual features of translations. Against this practice-theoretical backdrop, knowing is construed as an emergent phenomenon that is sited in translation practice. Drawing on an empirical analysis of translating in a research organization, the paper then illustrates how this situated and embodied knowing is materially and discursively mediated and transpires in translation practice. Through its interdisciplinary approach, this research offers new sociological perspectives on the human and material interdependencies constituting translation in the workplace.
When the Thief of Bagdad tried to steal the show
Authors: Mingant Nolwenn 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Between 1946 and 1951, U.S. distributors began dubbing a small number of films in Arabic for the North African and Middle Eastern markets. This experiment seems to have been motivated by an economic interest to penetrate those foreign markets and also in response to rising nationalism. Two models of dubbed versions existed at the time: the colonially-imposed French versions and the economically-motivated Persian versions. Battling against the former, and taking inspiration from the latter, U.S. distributors found themselves facing insurmountable political difficulties and eventually abandoned the practice of dubbing in Arabic. This case study foregrounds dubbing as a specific distribution strategy and highlights the political dimensions of this practice.
Constructing youth identities in dubbed movies
Authors: Ciampi Debora 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This study aims to make a contribution to the area of linguistic and cultural representation in audiovisual texts by contrastively analysing how scriptwriters and translators construct the image of American and Italian youth culture. The main focus of the investigation is the translation of potentially challenging topics such as teenage sexuality, drug consumption, and violence. The analysis is based on a small, self-compiled parallel corpus of American teen movies and their Italian dubbed versions pertaining to the genre of “teen queen movies”, which depict the school life of teenagers and the contrasting relationships among different cliques and gangs (Driscoll 2011: 57). The results of the analysis revealed a change in target cultural norms with respect to previous decades. Sensitive topics tend to be retained rather than mitigated, which indicates that licentious and unrestrained behaviours on screen are regarded as more desirable than in the past.
The articulation of ‘the people’ in the discourse of Podemos
Authors: Montesano Montessori Nicolina , Morales-López Esperanza 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This chapter focuses on the construction of pueblo ‘people’ and patria ‘homeland’ in the Spanish discourse of Podemos and the party’s relation to la gente ‘the people’ between June 2016 and its second political conference, Vistalegre II (February 2017). The discursive analysis focuses on figures of speech, such as synecdoche and metaphors, followed by a narrative analysis. The data cover the General Secretary of the party, Pablo Iglesias and the head of the branch in Catalonia, Xavier Domènech. We then apply the explanatory logics developed within discourse theory (Glynos and Howarth 2007) to interpret the results of the analysis1 and we critically reflect on some observed ambiguities in the discourse of Podemos.
Building left-wing populism in Denmark
Authors: García Agustín Óscar 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
In the Danish context, populism is usually associated with the radical right-wing. However, the left-wing Red-Green Alliance (the RGA), which defines itself as socialist, has carried out a populist turn coinciding with a remarkable electoral growth from 2.2% in 2007 to 7.8% in 2015. I argue that the RGA presents a hybrid form of left-wing populism in which socialist and populist articulations converge. The discourse is socialist since equality (or struggle against inequality) is the main value; the materialist approach is dominant; and there are plenty of references to class, working-class and class struggles. It is populist in the sense that inequality is portrayed as a conflict against the elite; and there is an attempt to constitute a new collective subject named “community”. Moreover, the RGA’s opposition towards the EU connects with the populist resistance to global neoliberalism and the defense of national sovereignty.
Standing up for ‘real people’
Authors: Bennett Samuel 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Right wing populism has always been exclusionary in nature and relies on classic positive in-group/negative out-group constructions (van Dijk 1998). This chapter investigates how the UK Independence Party (UKIP) discursively constructed ‘the people’ during the 2016 ‘Brexit’ referendum campaign. It will be argued that ‘the people’ were defined in opposition to two key groups: Elite mainstream political actors and migrants. The consequence of this strategy has been the legitimisation of race hate crimes and a further conceptual separation of ‘the people’ from the political classes. Data is taken from the UKIP twitter account and I qualitatively analyse this by paying particular attention to topoi and to the discursive construction of ‘the people’ as a social actor.
Magneto-rheological dampers—model influence on the semi-active suspension performance
Authors: Tudon-Martinez Juan C , Hernandez-Alcantara Diana , Amezquita-Brooks Luis , Morales-Menendez Ruben , Lozoya-Santos Jorge de J , Aquines Osvaldo 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Recently, automotive industry has adopted semi-active damper systems to improve handling and comfort properties of vehicles. Nowadays, Magneto-Rheological (MR) dampers are among the most effective solutions; with the control algorithm used for their operation being a key element. While basic controllers do not require mathematical damper models, improved performance can be achieved if these are available. Usually, the accuracy of a particular set of models can be assessed by evaluating standard quantitative metrics. However, two models with similar error-metrics can still have widely different qualitative properties. In this context, the main aim of this paper is to study the effects that may appear in the closed-loop performance of an automotive suspension system when the damper model is unable to represent crucial nonlinear MR phenomena. To highlight the model influence on the controller synthesis and subsequently on the suspension performance, two damper models with different accuracy levels were chosen: an Artificial Neural Networks (ANN)-based model is compared with the classical Bingham model. First, their accuracy is experimentally validated using typical error-metrics. Afterwards, the same suspension control strategy is designed using both models. Frequency-Estimation-Based control was selected because it better exploits available model data than other typical strategies such as sky-hook. The resulting performance is assessed with a software-in-the-loop approach using CarSim
® and complemented with a hardware-in-the-loop implementation using a CAN-bus, both closed-loop control cases use a Simulation-Oriented ANN model as benchmark to represent the MR damper nonlinearities. Results show that although the difference in error-metrics between models can be small using typical identification methods (e.g. 16% in one scenario), suspension performance in comfort and road-holding are significantly different. Error-metrics can be deceptive for assessing the effectiveness of MR damper models during the controller design phase. Accurate qualitative modeling in the pre/post-yield regions are the main factors which determine the resulting controller performance.
A Case Study of Thermal Environment in Urban Street Canyon in Hot and Humid Climate City based on Vehicle Effect
Authors: Li Qiong , Yu Xi , Nie Qi 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Vehicle traffic is an important factor affecting the urban thermal environment, and most of them are mainly concentrated in urban street canyon. Through field measurement and numerical simulation, thermal environment of urban street canyon based on vehicle’s impact was studied in this paper. The research works are as follows: 1) The numerical simulation method for the thermal environment of urban street canyon considering the vehicle’ impact was established and verified by experimental results. Next, the impact of vehicles on the thermal environment in the urban street canyon was analysed. The simulation results showed that the air temperature in the street canyon increased gradually with the increase of vehicle exhaust heat. When vehicles heat generation rate increased 10W/m3, the 1.5m-height air temperature in the street canyon raised about 0.02 °C. With the increase of vehicle exhaust heat, its impact on the increase of air temperature in the garage area is weakened while that in the pedestrian area is improved. 2) The 1.5m-height air temperature rising effect in urban street canyon as a results of vehicle exhaust was found to be increased with the decrease of street canyon aspect ratio (height to width ratio) and the increase of length to height ratio. And the impact of length to height ratio is greater than that of aspect ratio. Then, the height to width and length to height ratios of street canyon should be designed in a reasonable range. And the reasonable distance from pedestrian area to road cars should be guaranteed to reduce the adverse effects of vehicle exhaust on pedestrian area.
How can CASBEE contribute as a sustainability assessment tool to achieve the SDGs?
Authors: Miyazaki G , Kawakubo S , Murakami S , Ikaga T 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The purpose of this research was to understand the relationship between assessment items of the Comprehensive Assessment System for Built Environment Efficiency (CASBEE) and the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The SDGs, the core of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, were adopted in 2015. In response, social demand for sustainable buildings, urban districts, and cities has grown. New assessment tools have been developed to quantitatively evaluate the sustainability of individual buildings, building clusters, urban districts, and cities worldwide. CASBEE was developed in Japan, with assessment items suited to each scale, from individual buildings to entire cities. These assessment items are expected to contribute to SDG 11 “Sustainable Cities and Communities” as well as the other 16 goals. However, the degree of correspondence between assessment items and SDGs remains unclear. Therefore, the relationships between CASBEE assessment items and SDGs were investigated to confirm their effectiveness as a tool for sustainable design. In this analysis, the number of corresponding goals increased as the scale became broader. At the scales of individual buildings and building clusters, many assessment items contributed indirectly to SDG 12 “Responsible Consumption and Production” while many assessment items contributed directly to SDG 11 in urban districts and cities.