bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patient‐reported outcome measures (PROMs) and maintenance events in 2‐implant‐supported mandibular overdenture patients: A 5‐year prospective study
Authors: Zhang Yuxuan , Chow Luke , Siu Adam , Fokas George , Chow Tak W. , Mattheos Nikos 
Published: February 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo prospectively evaluate patient‐reported outcome measures (PROMs) and treatment outcomes of mandibular two‐implant retained overdentures (IOD) in an edentulous geriatric cohort with history of deficient complete dentures (CD).Materials and MethodsA total of 103 patients with deficient CD received new optimal CD. After a period of 3 months, 80 of the patients voluntarily received IOD. Outcomes collected at pre‐, post‐CD/post‐IOD treatment annually up to 5 years, included (a) Clinical outcomes: denture‐quality (Woelfel's index), complications, and maintenance events, (b) PROMs: patient complaints (maxillary, mandibular functional complaint scores, generic aesthetic complaint scores, frequency, and intensity of complaints) and patient satisfaction, and (c) Maintenance events: technical complications and adverse events.ResultsFive‐year data were collected from 67 patients (mean age at initiation = 71.3 years, mean observation = 5.9 years) with cumulative implant survival rate = 98.72%. Multiple comparisons for 8 time points showed significant improvements in denture quality and PROMs after new CD and IOD delivery. Further significant improvements were only after IOD delivery in: mandibular denture‐quality, mandibular and generic functional complaints, frequency, intensity of complaints, and overall patient satisfaction score. Thereafter, denture‐quality and PROMs remained stable. Maintenance events clustered on 1st year and within a minority of patients. Technical complications and overall maintenance events significantly correlated with overall patient satisfaction score at 1st year.ConclusionsMandibular IOD was a beneficial treatment option for seniors with history of deficient CD, improving denture‐quality, patient satisfaction, and reducing patient complaints up to 5 years. Maintenance events clustered on 1st year, showing no significant impact on long‐term patient satisfaction and other PROMs.
An Irish National Diabetes in Pregnancy Audit: aiming for best outcomes for women with diabetes
Authors: Egan A. M. , Brassill M. J. , Brosnan E. , Carmody L. , Clarke H. , Coogan Kelly C. , Culliney L. , Durkan M. , Fenlon M. , Ferry P. , Hanlon G. , Higgins T. , Hoashi S. , Khamis A. , Kinsley B. , Kinsley T. , Kirwan B. , Liew A. , McGurk C. , McHugh C. , Murphy M. S. , Murphy P. , O'Halloran D. , O'Mahony L. , O'Sullivan E. , Nolan M. , Peter M. , Roberts G. , Smyth A. , Todd M. , Tuthill A. , Wan Mahmood W. A. , Yousif O. , P Dunne F. ,   the National Diabetes in Pregnancy Audit working group
Published: February 2019

AbstractAimsThe purpose of this study was to identify the number of pregnancies affected by pre‐gestational diabetes in the Republic of Ireland; to report on pregnancy outcomes and to identify areas for improvement in care delivery and clinical outcomes.MethodsHealthcare professionals caring for women with pre‐gestational diabetes during pregnancy were invited to participate in this retrospective study. Data pertaining to 185 pregnancies in women attending 15 antenatal centres nationally were collected and analysed. Included pregnancies had an estimated date of delivery between 1 January and 31 December 2015.ResultsThe cohort consisted of 122 (65.9%) women with Type 1 diabetes and 56 (30.3%) women with Type 2 diabetes. The remaining 7 (3.8%) pregnancies were to women with maturity‐onset diabetes of the young (MODY) (n = 6) and post‐transplant diabetes (n = 1). Overall women were poorly prepared for pregnancy and lapses in specific areas of service delivery including pre‐pregnancy care and retinal screening were identified. The majority of pregnancies 156 (84.3%) resulted in a live birth. A total of 103 (65.5%) women had a caesarean delivery and 58 (36.9%) infants were large for gestational age.ConclusionsThis audit identifies clear areas for improvement in delivery of care for women with diabetes in the Republic of Ireland before and during pregnancy.
The effect of the mandibular plane angle on fracture line stability: An ex vivo experimental study
Authors: Ben Said Muhammed , Yildirimturk Senem , Sirin Yigit 
Published: February 2019

AbstractBackground/AimsMandibular angle fractures fixated with plate osteosynthesis techniques have to withstand the effects of muscle attachments. Individual variations in the craniofacial morphology may alter the biomechanical resistance of the bone‐plate construct. The aim of the present study was to determine the influence of variations in the mandibular plane angle (MPa) on the biomechanical stability of sheep mandibular angle fractures (MAFs).Materials and MethodsSixty sheep hemi‐mandibles were used. The mandibles were positioned on a test jig that simulated low (15°, group L), normal (25°, group N), and high (35°, group H) MPa. Unfavorable MAFs were created with thin diamond cutting disks. One four‐hole, 9.0‐mm‐spacing, standard titanium miniplate of 2.0 mm thickness and 5.0‐mm‐long screws were inserted at the superior border of the alveolar bone in monoplanar orientation. Specimens were then subjected to vertical loads between 10 N and 150 N in a universal testing machine. The displacement values at each 10 N force increment and the load magnitude at which 3.0 mm displacement limit was reached were recorded.ResultsStarting from 40 N, the displacement values at each 10 N increment in the H group were significantly higher than those of the L and N groups until 150 N (P < 0.05). The force magnitude required to reach 3.0 mm of displacement in the H group was significantly lower than that for the L and N groups (P < 0.05 for each).ConclusionsThe one‐miniplate monoplanar fixation technique used in sheep MAF with high MPa is more likely to offer lower biomechanical resistance to the vertical forces applied over the molar region than do the normal and low MPa.
Self‐perceptions and actual employment patterns amongst recent Australian dental graduates
Authors: Penco Rebecca J. , Ngo Hanh T. T. , Farah Camile S. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractIntroductionWith nine dental schools across Australia graduating over 500 dental students each year, in addition to nearly 200 overseas‐qualified dentists entering the workforce, dental students are anecdotally advised that they are joining a profession ubiquitous with workforce oversupply. The aim of this study was to shed light on the employment patterns of recent dental graduates from Australian universities and their self‐perceptions of the job market.Materials and MethodsThis cross‐sectional pilot study involved an online survey conducted in 2017 on recent dental graduates from all Australian dental schools. Graduates’ demographics, their perception of the dental employment prospects, their employment‐related behaviours and employment outcomes, and the relationships between these variables were explored.ResultsData on seventy‐one survey respondents (approximately 12% of the total sampling frame) were analysed. They suggested that recent Australian dental graduates are seeking work (73.2%) and undertaking work experience (54.9%) prior to graduation, successfully finding employment within the first‐year post‐graduation (97%), yet not always in their perceived ideal workplace environment (42.2%). Relationships between age, perception of market competitiveness and job searching patterns were revealed. Graduates expressed a desire for more workplace mentorship. The small sample size of this study limits the generalisability of the results, indicating that further research is required.ConclusionsThe dental employment landscape appears to have adequate employment opportunities for recent dental graduates, yet not always in their perceived ideal workplace environment. Graduates are seeking more mentorship in the workplace.
Foucault's neoliberal ideology
Authors: Sherman David 
Published: February 2019

AbstractFoucault's analysis of neoliberalism in The Birth of Biopolitics has had a considerable influence on the way that it is currently regarded. Nevertheless, his analysis is beset by numerous metatheoretical and methodological problems, which cause him to badly frame the phenomenon empirically. One expression of these problems is Foucault's willingness to accept at face value the way that neoliberalism's leading theorists portray it. Yet, over the past 40 years, what neoliberal theorists have said about neoliberalism has sharply deviated from its actual practices, which suggests that neoliberalism is an ideology, but because Foucault rejects the concept of ideology, his framework cannot entertain this possibility. Those who critique neoliberalism on the basis of his analysis, even when in opposition to Foucault's own inclinations, generally start from his uncritical assumptions and therefore often undercut the very purposes for which they put him to use. One such example is Wendy Brown, whose own influential Undoing the Demos demonstrates this inclination.
Prodrome in relapsing‐remitting and primary progressive multiple sclerosis
Authors: Wijnands J. M. A. , Zhu F. , Kingwell E. , Zhao Y. , Evans C. , Fisk J. D. , Marrie R. A. , Tremlett H. 
Published: February 2019

Background and purposeThe multiple sclerosis prodrome remains poorly understood. We aimed to examine the prodrome in people with relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis at onset (RMS) and primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS).MethodsWe conducted a matched cohort study using clinical and linked health administrative data in two Canadian provinces. We identified people with RMS, PPMS and age‐ sex‐ and geographically‐matched population controls, and compared the number of physician encounters (total number, per International Classification of Diseases chapter, and per physician speciality) in the five years before symptom onset. Negative binomial regression models were sex, age, socioeconomic status and calendar year adjusted.ResultsWe identified 1887 RMS, 171 PPMS cases, and 9837 matched population controls. No difference existed in the total number of encounters in the five years before index between RMS and PPMS, or between the phenotypes and their respective controls. Compared to RMS cases, PPMS cases had more nervous system‐related encounters (adjusted rate ratio, 3.00; 95% confidence interval, 1.06–8.49) and fewer encounters with dermatologists (adjusted rate ratio 0.53; 95% confidence interval, 0.30–0.96).ConclusionFindings suggest that people with RMS and PPMS may both experience a prodrome, although aspects may differ.
Consequences of climatic thresholds for projecting fire activity and ecological change
Authors: Young Adam M. , Higuera Philip E. , Abatzoglou John T. , Duffy Paul A. , Hu Feng Sheng 
Published: February 2019

AbstractAimEcological properties governed by threshold relationships can exhibit heightened sensitivity to climate, creating an inherent source of uncertainty when anticipating future change. We investigated the impact of threshold relationships on our ability to project ecological change outside the observational record (e.g., the 21st century), using the challenge of predicting late‐Holocene fire regimes in boreal forest and tundra ecosystems.
Location
Boreal forest and tundra ecosystems of Alaska.
Time period
850–2100 CE.
Major taxa studied
Not applicable.MethodsWe informed a set of published statistical models, designed to predict the 30‐year probability of fire occurrence based on climatological normals, with downscaled global climate model data for 850–1850 CE. To evaluate model performance outside the observational record and the implications of threshold relationships, we compared modelled estimates with mean fire return intervals estimated from 29 published lake‐sediment palaeofire reconstructions. To place our results in the context of future change, we evaluate changes in the location of threshold to burning under 21st‐century climate projections.ResultsModel–palaeodata comparisons highlight spatially varying accuracy across boreal forest and tundra regions, with variability strongly related to the summer temperature threshold to burning: sites closer to this threshold exhibited larger prediction errors than sites further away from this threshold. Modifying the modern (i.e., 1950–2009) fire–climate relationship also resulted in significant changes in modelled estimates. Under 21st‐century climate projections, increasing proportions of Alaskan tundra and boreal forest will approach and surpass the temperature threshold to burning, with > 50% exceeding this threshold by > 2 °C by 2070–2099.
Main conclusions
Our results highlight a high sensitivity of statistical projections to changing threshold relationships and data uncertainty, implying that projections of future ecosystem change in threshold‐governed ecosystems will be accompanied by notable uncertainty. This work also suggests that ecological responses to climate change will exhibit high spatio‐temporal variability as different regions approach and surpass climatic thresholds over the 21st century.
Surveillance for avian influenza viruses in wild birds at live bird markets, Egypt, 2014‐2016
Authors: Kayed Ahmed S. , Kandeil Ahmed , Gomaa Mokhtar R. , El‐Shesheny Rabeh , Mahmoud Sara , Hegazi Nabil , Fayez Mohamed , Sheta Basma , McKenzie Pamela P. , Webby Richard J. , Kayali Ghazi , Ali Mohamed A. 
Published: February 2019

AimEgypt is the habitat for a large number of bird species and serves as a vital stopover for millions of migratory birds during their annual migration between the Palearctic and Afrotropical ecozones. Surveillance for avian influenza viruses (AIVs) is critical to assessing risks for potential spreading of these viruses among domestic poultry. Surveillance for AIV among hunted and captured wild birds in Egypt was conducted in order to understand the characteristics of circulating viruses.MethodsSampling of wild bird species occurred in two locations along the Mediterranean Coast of Egypt in the period from 2014 to 2016. A total of 1316 samples (cloacal and oropharyngeal swabs) were collected from 20 different species of hunted or captured resident and migratory birds sold at live bird markets. Viruses were propagated then sequenced. Phylogenetic analysis and receptor binding affinities were studied.ResultsEighteen AIVs (1.37%) were isolated from migratory Anseriformes at live bird markets. Further characterization of the viral isolates identified five hemagglutinin (H3, H5, H7, H9, and H10) and five neuraminidase (N1, N2, N3, N6, and N9) subtypes, which were related to isolates reported in the Eurasian region. Two of the 18 isolates were highly pathogenic H5N1 viruses related to clade 2.2.1, while three isolates were G1‐like H9N2 viruses.ConclusionsOur data show significant diversity of AIVs in Anserifromes sold at live bird markets in Egypt. This allows for genetic exchanges between imported and enzootic viruses and put the exposed humans at a higher risk of infection.
The amount of keratinized mucosa may not influence peri‐implant health in compliant patients: A retrospective 5‐year analysis
Authors: Lim Hyun‐Chang , Wiedemeier Daniel B. , Hämmerle Christoph H. F. , Thoma Daniel S. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractAim(a) To investigate the influence of the keratinized mucosa (KM) on peri‐implant health or disease and (b) to identify a threshold value for the width of KM for peri‐implant health.Materials and MethodsThe total dataset was subsampled, that is one implant was randomly chosen per patient. In 87 patients, data were extracted at baseline (prosthesis insertion) and 5 years including the width of mid‐buccal KM, bleeding on probing, probing depth, plaque index and marginal bone level (MB). Spearman correlations with Holm adjustment for multiple testing were used for potential associations.ResultsDepending on the definition of peri‐implant diseases, the prevalence of peri‐implantitis ranged from 9.2% (bleeding on probing threshold: <50% or ≥50%) to 24.1% (threshold: absence or the presence). The prevalence of peri‐implant mucositis was similar, irrespective of the definition (54%–55.2%). The width of KM and parameters for peri‐implant diseases demonstrated negligible (Spearman correlation coefficients: −0.2 < ρ < 0.2). No threshold value was detected for the width of mid‐buccal KM in relation to peri‐implant health.ConclusionThe width of KM around dental implants correlated to a negligible extent with parameters for peri‐implant diseases. No threshold value for the width of KM to maintain peri‐implant health could be identified.
Clinical protocols for adults with acute abdominal pain in Australian emergency departments
Authors: Chong Vivienne , Schultz Timothy J. , Donnelly Frank 
Published: February 2019

AbstractRationale, Aims and ObjectivesPatients with acute abdominal pain are a common presentation in hospital emergency departments; however, international studies have demonstrated that hospitals often lack clinical protocols to guide care. This study aimed to investigate whether Australian hospital emergency departments have acute abdominal pain clinical protocols, identify hospital‐level predictors of the presence of these clinical protocols, and assess the quality of protocols.MethodsA survey was sent to all Australian hospitals with emergency departments, collecting data on hospital characteristics and the presence of acute abdominal pain clinical protocols. Participating hospitals (n = 73, 26% response rate) were also asked to provide a copy of these protocols. The quality of these protocols was assessed using Appraisal of Guidelines for REsearch & Evaluation (AGREE) II.ResultsSlightly more than half (n = 40) of the hospitals surveyed had acute abdominal pain clinical protocols, while 16 had a general pain protocol. In binomial logistic regression, two independent variables were related to the presence of a protocol, geographic region (P = 0.008) and advanced practice nurses/nurse practitioners' presence on staff (P = 0.024). The mean score for the overall quality assessment of these protocols was 4.2 on a seven‐point Likert scale; in terms of the six domains of quality, “Clarity of presentation” and “Scope and purpose” were highest. The overall quality of clinical protocols increased with remoteness, χ2 (3) = 8.341, P = 0.039, and was lower in hospitals with medical staff on site (U = 2.5, P = 0.007).ConclusionThere is a documented standard for pain management of acute abdominal pain in about three quarters of participating Australian emergency departments. The use and quality of clinical protocols is influenced by the physical location of hospitals and staff and skill mix of clinicians.
Identity in bipolar disorder: Self‐worth and achievement
Authors: Ironside Manon L. , Johnson Sheri L. , Carver Charles S. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThis article considers self and self‐concept in bipolar disorder. Bipolar disorder, defined on the basis of manic symptoms, is a highly debilitating psychopathology. It is heavily grounded in biology but symptom course is still very responsive to psychological and social forces in the lives of persons who have the disorder. This review assumes an overall view of the self that is typical of personality psychology: self as traits, self as goals and aspirations, and ongoing efforts to attain those goals. In this review, we will discuss two different facets of self and identity in bipolar disorder. First, we review a body of goal pursuit literature suggesting that persons with bipolar disorder endorse heightened ambitions for attaining goals and recognition from others. Second, we will review multiple findings which suggest that among persons with bipolar disorder, self‐worth depends on measurable success in an extreme way. We will consider how the intersection of these two themes may lead to unique identity challenges for people with bipolar disorder, drawing from self‐report, behavioral, and neuroscience findings to critically examine this viewpoint.
Bee pollen and propolis as dietary supplements for rabbit: Effect on reproductive performance of does and on immunological response of does and their offspring
Authors: Attia Youssef A. , Bovera Fulvia , Abd Elhamid Abd El‐Hamid , Nagadi Sameer A. , Mandour Mohamed A. , Hassan Saber Sh. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractTo evaluate the effect of bee pollen (BP) and/or propolis (Pro) supplementation on rabbit does, 64 nulliparous NZW rabbits does were distributed among eight groups (eight animals/group). One unsupplemented group was the control; the other seven groups were supplemented, respectively, with zinc bacitracin (ZnB) at 100 mg, BP at 150 and 300 mg, Pro at 150 and 300 mg, BP+Pro at 150 and 300 mg of each three times/week, day after day continuously along eight parities. The BP300, Pro300 and BP+Pro150 groups had higher body weight of litter at birth and number of kids born alive. The BP supplementation at 150 mg increased plasma total protein and albumin than the control group. The BP or Pro at 150 mg decreased plasma T3 than the other groups except for BP+Pro150. The ZnB group had significantly greater T3/T4 ratio compared to BP, Pro and BP+Pro at 150 mg. The BP+Pro150 group had less ALT than the control; BP300 and Pro 300 mg resulted in lower plasma AST than the groups Pro150 with or without BP and the control group. The plasma alkaline phosphatase of BP at 150 or 300 mg and BP+Pro150 was significantly greater than that of the Pro150 group. The BP+Pro300 group had higher WBCs than the other groups. In contrast, the lymphocytes were greater in the Pro and BP+Pro300 groups than in BP, Pro and BP+Pro at 150 mg. The groups supplemented with BP and BP+Pro at 150 and 300 mg had significantly greater SRBCs of doe rabbits and their offspring compared to the control and the ZnB group. The BP at 300 mg increased the serum albumin and α1‐globulin than the control group. The Pro300 group had greater serum α2‐globulin and β‐globulin than the control group. The total globulin was significantly greater for the 300 mg propolis‐supplemented groups than the control.
Effective pollinia transfer by settling moths’ legs in an orchid Habenaria aitchisonii
Authors: Xiong Ying‐Ze , Jia Li‐Bing , Liu Chang‐Qiu , Huang Shuang‐Quan 
Published: February 2019

AbstractA great diversity of flower morphology in orchids has long been thought to be selected by diverse pollinators. Habenaria Willd. (Orchidaceae) species are generally characterized by long nectar spurs and pollinated by long‐tongued insects (Lepidoptera), the mechanical fit between the spur and pollinator proboscis length being supposedly caused by “arms race” reciprocal selection. Here, we report that flowers of Habenaria aitchisonii Rchb. f. with nectar spurs (approximately 9 mm) were pollinated by three species of settling noctuid moths whose proboscises varied in length from 10 to 16 mm. When a settling moth crawled on the spikes and probed the flowers for nectar, pollinia were placed on the moths’ legs rather than on other body parts. Our 5‐year survey of pollinia movement and 3‐year supplemental pollination experiments indicated that fruit and seed production in this orchid were not often pollen‐limited at flower level. In a natural population in Shangri‐La, Southwest China, the proportions of pollinia removal and deposition on stigmas by moth legs were 93.8% and 83.5%, respectively. This finding of efficient pollen transfer by the pollinators’ legs in H. aitchisonii adds a new example of diverse pollinia placement on pollinators (here settling moths) in the Orchidaceae.