bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The relationship between perceived parental phubbing and smartphone addiction in adolescents
Authors: Tonbuloğlu Altıner Ö , Mutlu Karakaş N , Özbaş C , Uğraş Dikmen A , Özkan S 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Parental phubbing refers to the degree to which parents reduce or ignore their interactions with their children while taking care of their smartphones. Today, it has become important to conduct studies to understand the effects of parental phubbing on adolescents, which is increasing globally. This study aims to evaluate the relationship between perceived parental phubbing and smartphone addiction as well as depression in adolescents.

Methods
In this cross-sectional study, 314 adolescents aged 10-18 years who applied to the general pediatrics outpatient clinics of a university hospital in Ankara, the capital of Türkiye, were included. The questionnaire form used for data collection consisted of questions about the sociodemographic information of the participants, ‘Perceived Parental Phubbing Scale’, ‘Kutcher Adolescent Depression Scale Short Form’, and ‘Smartphone Addiction Short Form for Adolescents’ items. Descriptive statistics, Mann Whitney U, Kruskal Wallis H test and Spearman correlation analysis were used to analyse the data. A value of p &lt; 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results
Depression and smartphone addiction levels were found to be significantly lower in adolescents who did not smoke, engaged in regular physical activity and had a close group of friends (p &lt; 0.05). It was also found that the level of perceived parental phubbing was significantly higher in adolescents whose parents’ education level was above high school and who felt lonely (p &lt; 0.05). Low level positive correlations was found between perceived parental phubbing and both depression (r = 0.116, p = 0.041) and smartphone addiction (r = 0.128, p = 0.023).

Conclusions
As the level of parental phubbing perceived by adolescents increased, the levels of depression and smartphone addiction in adolescents increased. These negative effects of parental phubbing on adolescents should be taken into consideration by mental health professionals.

Key messages
• It is important to consider and question parental phubbing as one of the related factors in adolescents with high levels of smartphone addiction and depression.
• There is a need for studies to increase the awareness of parents, who are important role models for adolescents, about the concept of phubbing and its effects on adolescents’ mental health.
Prevention of sexual exploitation of children in sport clubs and social work in Switzerland
Authors: Wieber F , Deforth M , Winogradow D , Marti S , Dratva J 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

The Convention on the Rights of the Child, ratified in 1989, provides a clear normative basis for the protection of children from violence, abuse and exploitation. Despite efforts to protect children, many children and young people are victims of sexual violence. In the extracurricular sector, clubs offer great potential for preventing sexual exploitation. However, obstacles such as the taboo nature of the topic and the clubs’ limited resources make it difficult to develop and independently implement specific prevention offers. The aim of the project was to record the activities and competencies of sports clubs, youth associations and other youth organizations in the area of prevention of sexual assault among children and adolescents in the leisure sector and to determine the need for prevention services in the canton of Zurich in Switzerland. In addition, information was obtained on the impact of existing prevention services as well as information on their further development in terms of content and organization. Together, 979 participants from sports clubs, youth associations and youth organizations (e.g. board members, coaches, leaders) as well as the parents of children who are members of these clubs were surveyed. An impact model was developed for systematic modeling, as proposed by “Health Promotion Switzerland”. The prevention of sexualized violence is seen as a very relevant topic by sports clubs, youth associations, open child and youth work and parents. However, the current implementation of prevention measures also shows that there are still barriers to implementation and room for improvement in prevention work. Participants from all areas would particularly like support with advice on how to deal with suspected cases/incidents, the provision of information materials and the creation of a protection concept. Specific ideas for the further development of prevention work were also generated and will be discussed.

Key messages
• The prevention of sexualized violence is seen as a very relevant topic by sports clubs, youth associations, open child and youth work and parents.
• The study reveals that prevention measures are only partially implemented and identifies barriers and facilitators for improvement.
Vaccine awareness and hesitancy among Ukrainian refugee mothers in Bulgaria
Authors: Karcheva M , Nedkova-Milanova V , Stoynovska M 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Issue
Migration carry out risk of disrupting the epidemiological well-being among refugees and host populations. Since the beginning of Ukraine crisis over 50 000 refugees remain in Bulgaria; 92% are women and children. There is suboptimal childhood immunization coverage among Ukrainian refugee community prior to arrival in Bulgaria.

Description of the problem
Childhood vaccination is mandatory in Bulgaria for TB, hepatitis B, diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, poliomyelitis, rubella, measles, mumps, Haemophilus influenzae B and pneumococci. Refugees with uncertain immunization status are vaccinated according to the national immunization schedule and receive personal immunization card. As of March 2024, we conducted cross-sectional study to assess knowledge and attitudes of Ukrainian mothers through an interview.

Results
Of 105 mothers interviewed, 72.38% were with higher education. Arrived women were not familiar with Bulgarian health system and especially with vaccination. Absence of language barrier and presence of doctors among them facilitated our study.56.19% believe that migration has disrupted their children’s vaccinations. 56.19% consider that migration has disrupted their children’s vaccination. Aware of benefits of vaccines were 91,43%, they mainly trust doctors-84.76%, they pay attention to the positive discussion in the media-55.77%.Mothers realize the importance of herd immunity, considering that vaccinated children protect the others-68.57%.Leading reasons for mistrust of vaccines, mothers indicate - doubt in favor of vaccine-24.76%, medical contraindications for child-21.90% and doubts about quality of the vaccine-19.05%.They pay attention to positive discussion in the media-55.77% and have confidence in Bulgaria’s institutions.

Lessons
The Government of Bulgaria provided significant support and medical care for the prevention of vaccinepreventable diseases among Ukrainian children. Institutions and volunteers work for successful integration of refugees.

Key messages
• Need to know the immunization status of Ukrainian children admitted to Bulgaria.
• Increasing trust in vaccines and the health system in general in Bulgaria requires additional explanatory campaigns among refugees.
Health services consumption and barriers in the health care of persons of Roma origin in Bulgaria
Authors: Kamburova M , Ivanova B , Tihomirova R , Mineva-Dimitrova E , Dimitrov D , Yordanova Z , Ivanova A , Valentinova Ts 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Persons of Roma origin often face serious inequities concerning their state of health and their access to good quality health services. The aim of the study is to analyze the health services consumption and barriers in the health care of persons of Roma origin in Bulgaria.

Methods
The cross-sectional study was conducted and a semi-structured face to face interview were applied in 2022. Adult citizens of Roma origin were covered as follows: residents of Knezha - a total of 59 people and households from the towns of Knezha and Kotel - 18 families (50 persons). The cities are representative of settlements of medium size with separate neighborhoods of Roma origin. Data processing was performed by SPSS v.24.

Results
Over two thirds of the covered persons of Roma origin do not have health insurance. In each household an average of 1.8 uninsured people was found, but in some of the families almost all of the elderly members are not insured. Due to lack of health insurance in 14% of the households were reported a refusal to provide health care by general practitioners (GPs) and specialists in out-hospital care. 82.1% of Roma women have never had a mammography and 71.4% a smear test. In 83.3% of the households required direct payment for the provision of health services, which corresponds to the high share of informal payments in health care in Bulgaria (34 % in 2023), but among the Roma population this share is significantly higher. The households have to pay for specialized out-hospital care (66.6%), GPs (22.2%), and for emergency assistance (5,6%). 44.4% of the families have used the services of emergency care in the last one year. While in one third of the families an adult member was hospitalized in 27.8% of them there is a need for hospital treatment, which is unrealized.

Conclusions
The Roma population in Bulgaria is characterized by an unfavorable health profile and the health services provided to the persons of Roma origin are inadequate to their needs.

Key messages
• Persons of Roma origin in Bulgaria often face serious inequities concerning their state of health and their access to good quality health services.
• Improving the socioeconomic status of people of Roma origin will increase their opportunities for health insurance and going to improve their access to health services.
A Qualitative Study of Implementation Outcomes of a Group-Based Intervention for Immigrant Parents
Authors: Sibbie P , Lämsä R , Skogberg N , Peltonen K , Laajasalo T 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Inequities in service utilization between immigrant families and native populations have emerged within the Nordic welfare countries, highlighting the need for culturally sensitive parenting support. Despite the proven efficacy of parenting interventions, their implementation phases have not been adequately addressed in extant implementation research, particularly regarding structural racism and inequities. This study aims to contribute to the literature from an implementation perspective by describing a pilot of ‘Being a Parent in Finland,’ a culturally sensitive group-based intervention for migrant parents. Its specific focus is on investigating barriers to and facilitators of implementation outcomes from the perspectives of service providers.

Methods
The qualitative data consisted of thematic interviews (N = 6) with service providers (N = 9) compiled at distinct phases of the pilot from 2021 to 2023. In addition, data triangulation was utilized through document analysis of 125 pages of various documents regarding the pilot as a supplementary data collection method. Content analysis was conducted on the data using Atlas.ti 23.

Results
The findings stress the alignment of the target group, service placement, and preventive measures for enhancing parenting intervention’s acceptability, appropriateness, and feasibility. Implicit objectives, such as perceiving the target group as ‘at-risk,’ can impede intervention success and exacerbate stigmatization of the target group. Culture- and context-specific adaptations, and community engagement foster parental trust and intervention accessibility.

Conclusions
The findings underscore the significance of congruent objectives, community engagement, and adaptive iterations in preventive parenting interventions. Advocating for these elements in implementation strategies is crucial for reducing stigmatization and enhancing equity and efficacy in services tailored to minority parents.

Key messages
• Acknowledging equity in both implementation research and strategies is paramount.
• Implementing trust-building is crucial for culturally sensitive parenting interventions.
Dialogue between researchers and older immigrant women in Norway post COVID-19: A qualitative study
Authors: Kour P , Agata G K , Diaz E 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
In the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, marginalized groups, particularly older immigrant women, have faced new challenges, prompting an urgent need for research to understand their post-pandemic needs and foster inclusive healthcare systems. In view of this, older immigrant women and researchers developed a project based on dialogue, holding monthly meetings for a year, with the aim of improving health literacy for the women, and enlightening the researchers on the women’s challenges. This study has sought to understand the experiences of the dialogue between older immigrant women and researchers.

Methods
We utilized participant observation in five dialogical meetings between older immigrant women and researchers, followed by semi-structured interviews with 8 older immigrant women and 7 researchers in Bergen. Data was analyzed using thematic analysis, supported by audio-recorded and transcribed interviews, alongside notes from participant observations.

Results
Analysis yielded three main themes of health knowledge, collaboration, and power dynamics. The dialogue was seen as a positive experience by both older immigrant women and researchers, with a view to establishing collaboration and trust. It also encouraged user participation in research, for the women, and carrying out research that was relevant to this otherwise ‘invisible’ population to the health system, for researchers, whilst empowering the women with knowledge to improve and maintain their own health.

Conclusions
This study sheds light on the crucial role of dialogue between older immigrant women and researchers in understanding post-COVID-19 needs. The findings underscore the importance of fostering collaboration, trust, and user participation in research, empowering marginalized populations while addressing gaps in the healthcare system. By amplifying the older immigrant women voices’ and promoting inclusive research practices, we can foster responsive and equitable healthcare systems.

Key messages
• Dialogue between older immigrant women and researchers is essential for understanding post-COVID-19 needs, fostering collaboration and trust.
• User participation empowers marginalized groups, while relevant research improves healthcare inclusivity and outcomes for all.
Co-designed study with the Traveller Community in Ireland to determine cancer awareness & attitudes
Authors: Fox P , Jalal R , Fitzpatrick P , Frazer K , Kavanagh L , Collins M B , Kennedy U , McCarthy T , Quirke B , Joye R 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Irish Travellers are a distinct ethnic minority group (formal recognition March 2017). They experience higher mortality than the general population at all ages for all causes of death.

Study Aim
To determine cancer awareness and attitudes among the Traveller Community in Ireland, and to identify barriers/enablers to cancer risk reduction behaviours and early diagnosis of cancer.

Methods
A co-designed multi-method study was developed in collaboration with Pavee Point, a national NGO for Travellers, the National Social Inclusion Office (NSIO) and the National Cancer Control Programme (NCCP) including: 1. Consultation with Pavee Point and NSIO representatives to inform the study proposal and methodology. 2. Co-design of methodology for ethics applications and subsequent data collection plan including interview topic guides and the development of a culturally appropriate version of the NCCP’s 2022 National Survey on Cancer Awareness, adding questions on social determinants of health and screening participation. 3. Collaboration with 12 peer-led Primary Health Care for Travellers Projects (PHCTPs), to provide in-person training for Traveller Community Health Workers to undertake a cross-sectional survey of 380 adult Travellers. 4. Collaboration with PHCTPs to undertake 20 semi-structured interviews with Travellers. 5. Conduct of semi-structured interviews with healthcare professionals to explore perceptions of barriers/enablers for Travellers engaging with the health system.

Lessons Learned
Working closely and collaboratively with our study partners, we gained valuable insights which enabled effective and efficient data collection across 8 counties, while exceeding our survey target sample size. Implications for Research: Collaborative, trusting, and respectful relationships are critical for all studies, but particularly when working with minority groups.

Conclusions
The study findings will inform policy for improved cancer outcomes among Travellers in Ireland.

Key messages
• Formation of a collaborative and respectful relationship with the Traveller community has facilitated successful research.
• Traveller Community Health Workers (peer researchers) were key to the success of data collection.
Heterogeneity in health and lifestyle among preschool children with migrant background in Sweden
Authors: Alseddig S , Nkulu Kalengayi F K , Vaezghasemi M , Lundahl L , Lindkvist M , Lindvall K , Silfverdal S A , Ivarsson A 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Parental country of birth and socioeconomic status affect children’s health, lifestyle, and access to care. But inequality patterns may vary depending on the outcome and indicator being studied. While prior studies have focused on single health outcomes, this study assessed the relationship between parental migrant status and a range of health and lifestyle indicators among 3-year-old children.

Methods
Using an outcome-wide approach, we analyzed data from cross-sectional population-based surveys of 3-year-old (2014-2018) in Northern Sweden, which included 9,099 children aged 33-42 months. The surveys were administered to parents. Logistic and linear regressions were performed to examine the association between parents’ place of birth and outcome indicators. Additionally, we controlled for parents’ income and education using multiple regression models.

Results
Children with at least one migrant parent were perceived by their parents to have poorer health (OR:1.5, CI:1.01-2.36) and more socio-emotional problems (OR: 2.8, CI: 2.20-3.59) compared to those with two Swedish parents. While there were no significant differences in estimated BMI, lifestyle indicators showed that these children consumed more sweets (OR:4.5, CI: 3.02-6.58), less milk (OR: 1.3, CI: 1.09-1.55), fewer vegetables (OR:1.6; CI: 1.22-2.05) and brushed their teeth less frequently (OR: 2.8, CI: 2.17-3.53). However, they spent more time playing outdoors on weekdays (OR:1.6, CI:1.22-2.00) and weekends (OR: 1.5, CI: 1.18-1.94), but screen time remained consistent between weekdays and weekends.

Conclusions
Parental migrant status has varying impacts on children’s health and lifestyle, with some indicators showing worse outcomes for children with migrant parents compared to those with Swedish parents, while others do not. An outcome-wide approach is crucial for targeted actions to strengthen protective factors and mitigate risk factors, and ultimately reduce inequalities in early childhood.

Key messages
• The link between parental migrant status and children’s well-being is complex. Not all indicators show worse outcomes, inequality patterns vary based on the specific outcome and indicator measured.
• An outcome-wide approach is crucial to identify action areas for targeted interventions to reinforce protective factors and mitigate risk factors, and ultimately reduce inequalities during childhood.
Shifting focus - the need to prioritise an inclusive public health approach to trauma
Authors: Hopkins J 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Since 2017, the Welsh government has prioritised the development of a Public Health Approach to understanding the impact of Adverse Childhood Experiences. Taking the work of Bellis et al, and the population level research to understand the prevalence of ACEs, and associated risks (Bellis etc al, 2015), the ACE Hub Wales was established to coordinate a multi-agency, cross sector approach to preventing, tackling and mitigating the impact of adversity in childhood. The Hub developed its approach to advocate for more public awareness of the life course risks to health if the right support was not accessed or available to children, such as poor mental health and chronic conditions such as type 2 diabetes and heart disease in adulthood. From 2021 there has been a dramatic shift to attempting to understand the experiences, and unmet needs, of children and people who have come to Wales to seek sanctuary, migrant women who have no recourse to public funds, and people experiencing racism and discrimination. In 2021, the ACE Hub Wales co-produced a Wales national trauma-informed practice framework including a set of principles placing inclusion at the heart of the approach in Wales; shining a light on the need to have a cultural, intergenerational and gender-based understanding of adversity and trauma which links directly to, informs and supports the government’s ambitions to be a nation of sanctuary and to be anti racist by 2030. To continue to ignore the experiences of adversity and trauma by people of colour, and Gypsy, Roma and Traveller people; is to perpetuate the health inequity experienced in healthcare, and justice systems. Wales has committed to developing wisdom, not just knowledge, that means that a public health approach is inclusive of all of our communities in Wales.

Key messages
• The experiences of racialised ad minoritised communities from population studies of adversity and trauma is traumatizing.
• Understanding the life course impact of adversity and trauma must include the experiences of racism and discrimination to be inclusive and trauma-informed.