bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
(Li6Si5)2–5: The Smallest Cluster‐Assembled Materials Based on Aromatic Si56− Rings
Authors: Yañez Osvaldo , Garcia Victor , Garza Jorge , Orellana Walter , Vásquez‐Espinal Alejandro , Tiznado William 
Published: December 2018

AbstractExtensive explorations of their potential energy surfaces, combined with high‐level quantum chemical computations, strikingly show that the lowest energy structures of the (Li6Si5)2–5 systems consist of 2–5 Si56− aromatic units, surrounded by Li+ counterions, respectively. These viable gas‐phase compounds are the pioneering reported cases of oligomers made by planar aromatic silicon rings. Based on the key evidence that these oligomers are energetically favored, and that their silicon rings aromaticity is thoroughly preserved, the Li6Si5 cluster is proposed as a potential assembly unit to build silicon‐lithium nanostructures, thus opening new paths to design Zintl compounds at the nanoscale level.
Robust chemical process monitoring based on CDC‐MVT‐PCA eliminating outliers and optimally selecting principal component
Authors: Huang Junping , Yan Shifu , Yan Xuefeng 
Published: December 2018

AbstractIn chemical process monitoring based on principal component analysis (PCA), sampling data with outliers and optimally select principal components are two challenging problems that have a main effect on monitoring performance. Given this situation, firstly, a novel outlier detection method, i.e., a robust CDC‐MVT‐PCA method (CMP), which integrates CDC‐MVT (the closest distance to centre and multivariate trimming) with PCA to identify and eliminate the outliers, is proposed to clean sample data. Secondly, based on the cleaning sample data, PCA is employed to obtain PCs. The cumulative frequency representing the variability of each PC is defined to find the optimal PCs, which are able to represent the current variability information. Finally, selecting optimal PCs online based on the cumulative frequency of each PC (CF‐PCA) is proposed to keep the most responsive components and, thus, to improve the monitoring performance. The effectiveness of the proposed robust fault monitoring algorithm is verified through a simple numerical simulation and the Tennessee Eastman process.
A phase 2 trial of regorafenib as a single agent in patients with chemotherapy‐refractory, advanced, and metastatic biliary tract adenocarcinoma
Authors: Sun Weijing , Patel Anuj , Normolle Daniel , Patel Krishna , Ohr James , Lee James J. , Bahary Nathan , Chu Edward , Streeter Natalie , Drummond Summer 
Published: December 2018

BackgroundBiliary tract cancers are rare, aggressive neoplasms. Most patients present with advanced/unresectable or metastatic disease at diagnosis, and no second‐line regimen has demonstrated clinical benefit. This was a phase 2 study evaluating the efficacy and safety of regorafenib in patients who had advanced/unresectable or metastatic disease after receiving standard therapy.MethodsIn this single arm‐study, patients with advanced/unresectable or metastatic biliary tract cancer who failed at least 1 line of systemic chemotherapy received regorafenib once daily on a schedule of 21‐days on/7‐days off in a 28‐day cycle. Patients initially received a standard 160 mg dose. After toxicity assessments in the first 3 patients, the dose was reduced to 120 mg for subsequent patients, as preplanned. The primary endpoint was progression‐free survival (PFS). Secondary objectives included overall survival (OS), the objective response rate, and the disease control rate.ResultsForty‐three patients received at least 1 dose of regorafenib, and 34 patients who received at least 1 cycle of treatment were evaluable for tumor response. The median PFS was 15.6 weeks (90% confidence interval, 12.9‐24.7 weeks), and the median OS was 31.8 weeks (90% confidence interval, 13.3‐74.3 weeks), with survival rates 40% at 12 months and 32% at 18 months. A partial response was achieved in 5 patients (11%), and 19 had stable disease (44%), for a disease control rate of 56%. The toxicity profile was as expected, with grade 3 and 4 adverse events reported in 40% of patients. The most common toxicities were hypophosphatemia (40%), hyperbilirubinemia (26%), hypertension (23%), and hand‐foot skin reaction (7%).ConclusionsThe current results suggest promising efficacy of regorafenib in patients with chemotherapy‐refractory, advanced/metastatic biliary tract cancer, warranting further studies to confirm its clinical efficacy. There is a clear unmet need for effective therapies in patients who have advanced and metastatic biliary tract cancer.
High prevalence of advanced colorectal neoplasia and serrated polyposis syndrome in Hodgkin lymphoma survivors
Authors: Rigter Lisanne S. , Spaander Manon C. W. , Aleman Berthe M. P. , Bisseling Tanya M. , Moons Leon M. , Cats Annemieke , Lugtenburg Pieternella J. , Janus Cecile P. M. , Petersen Eefke J. , Roesink Judith M. , van der Maazen Richard W. M. , Snaebjornsson Petur , Kuipers Ernst J. , Bruno Marco J. , Dekker Evelien , Meijer Gerrit A. , de Boer Jan Paul , van Leeuwen Flora E. , van Leerdam Monique E. 
Published: December 2018

BackgroundHodgkin lymphoma (HL) survivors treated with abdominal radiotherapy and/or alkylating chemotherapy have an increased risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). This study was aimed at evaluating the prevalence of colorectal neoplasia in HL survivors.MethodsThis multicenter cohort study assessed the diagnostic yield of advanced colorectal neoplasia detected by a first surveillance colonoscopy among HL survivors treated with abdominal radiotherapy and/or procarbazine. Advanced colorectal neoplasia included advanced adenomas (high‐grade dysplasia, ≥25% villous component, or ≥10‐mm diameter), advanced serrated lesions (dysplasia or ≥10‐mm diameter), and CRC. The results were compared with those for a Dutch general population cohort that underwent a primary screening colonoscopy (1426 asymptomatic individuals 50‐75 years old). This study demonstrated the results of a predefined interim analysis.ResultsA colonoscopy was performed in 101 HL survivors, who were significantly younger (median, 51 years; interquartile range [IQR], 45‐57 years) than the general population controls (median, 60 years; IQR, 55‐65 years; P < .001). The prevalence of advanced neoplasia was higher in HL survivors than controls (25 of 101 [25%] vs 171 of 1426 [12%]; P < .001). Advanced adenomas were detected in 14 of 101 HL survivors (14%) and in 124 of 1426 controls (9%; P = .08). The prevalence of advanced serrated lesions was higher in HL survivors than controls (12 of 101 [12%] vs 55 of 1426 [4%]; P < .001). Serrated polyposis syndrome was present in 6% of HL survivors and absent in controls (P < .001).ConclusionsHL survivors treated with abdominal radiotherapy and/or procarbazine have a high prevalence of advanced colorectal neoplasia. The implementation of a colonoscopy surveillance program should be considered.
Visualizing uncertainty in habitat suitability models with the hyper‐envelope modeling interface, version 2
Authors: Graham James , Kimble Melissa 
Published: December 2018

AbstractHabitat suitability models (HSMs) are popular and used for a wide variety of applications but most do not include analysis of the uncertainty of the model outputs. Additionally, some overfit the data and few allow the ability to fill data gaps with expert opinion. HEMI 1 addressed issues with overfitting data and allowed models to incorporate both occurrence data and expert opinion. HEMI 2 improves on HEMI 1 with a simplified interface and the ability to inject random noise into occurrence locations and environmental variable values to generate uncertainty maps. HEMI 2 uses Monte Carlo methods to perform uncertainty, validation, and sensitivity testing and generates mean and standard deviation habitat suitability maps.
Potential of a no‐take marine reserve to protect home ranges of anadromous brown trout (Salmo trutta)
Authors: Thorbjørnsen Susanna Huneide , Moland Even , Simpfendorfer Colin , Heupel Michelle , Knutsen Halvor , Olsen Esben Moland 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe extent to which no‐take marine reserves can benefit anadromous species requires examination. Here, we used acoustic telemetry to investigate the spatial behavior of anadromous brown trout (sea trout, Salmo trutta) in relation to a small marine reserve (~1.5 km2) located inside a fjord on the Norwegian Skagerrak coast. On average, sea trout spent 42.3 % (±5.0% SE) of their time in the fjord within the reserve, a proportion similar to the area of the reserve relative to that of the fjord. On average, sea trout tagged inside the reserve received the most protection, although the level of protection decreased marginally with increasing home range size. Furthermore, individuals tagged outside the reserve received more protection with increasing home range size, potentially opposing selection toward smaller home range sizes inflicted on fish residing within reserves, or through selective fishing methods like angling. Monthly sea trout home ranges in the marine environment were on average smaller than the reserve, with a mean of 0.430 (±0.0265 SE) km2. Hence, the reserve is large enough to protect the full home range of some individuals residing in the reserve. Synthesis and applications: In general, the reserve protects sea trout to a varying degree depending on their individual behavior. These findings highlight evolutionary implications of spatial protection and can guide managers in the design of marine reserves and networks that preserve variation in target species' home range size and movement behavior.
Food webs over time: evaluating structural differences and variability of degree distributions in food webs
Authors: López Daniela N. , Camus Patricio A. , Valdivia Nelson , Estay Sergio A. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractEcological networks are usually analyzed as time‐aggregated units, where time‐specific interactions are aggregated into one single network. However, the extent to which the structure of these time‐aggregated networks represents natural community dynamics is poorly understood. Here, we compared the topology, represented as the in‐ and out‐degree, of seasonal and time‐aggregated networks. The statistical distributions of both metrics were compared seasonal networks and the resultant time‐aggregated networks. Our results showed that the exponential models best described the general degree distribution. The functional forms of the in‐ and out‐degree distribution differ significantly. We found that the discrete generalized beta and the exponential models best described the in‐degree and out‐degree distributions, respectively, of both seasonal and time‐aggregated networks. Except for the connectance, all topological descriptors of seasonal networks showed values lower than those of time‐aggregated networks. The a and μ parameters of observed seasonal and time‐aggregated networks were significantly lower than those of a simulated niche model. The structure of seasonal and aggregated networks differed significantly in the values of a and μ parameters, converging toward a common structure only after 18 months of seasonal samplings. Our results highlight the risk of underestimating significant ecological variability when time‐aggregated ecological networks are analyzed.
Use of MRI and FDG‐PET/CT to predict fixation of advanced hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma to prevertebral space
Authors: Meerwein Christian M. , Pizzuto Daniele A. , Vital Domenic , Morand Grégoire B. , Stolzmann Paul , Huber Gerhard F. , Huellner Martin W. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBackgroundWe evaluated the ability of different (18F)fluoro‐deoxy‐d‐glucose (FDG)‐positron emission tomography (PET)‐based and magnetic resonance (MR)‐based parameters to identify prevertebral space (PVS) infiltration by hypopharyngeal carcinoma.MethodsRetrospective study on 59 patients with advanced hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma undergoing cross‐sectional imaging and triple endoscopy for staging.ResultsObliteration of retropharyngeal fat plane on T1‐weighted MR images was found more often (P < .001) in tumors fixated to the PVS. Complete fat plane obliteration best predicted tumor fixation to PVS (accuracy 99%; CI: 97%‐100%; P < .001). With similar accuracy, PET‐based models predicted PVS fixation (combination of standardized uptake value [SUVmax] of the primary tumor and presence of focal FDG‐uptake in prevertebral muscles [accuracy 98%; CI 94%‐100%; P < .001]; metabolic tumor volume [MTV] [accuracy 98%; CI 95%‐100%; P < .001]).ConclusionBoth the MR‐based parameter of complete fat plane obliteration and PET‐based models (increased SUVmax in combination with presence of focal FDG‐uptake of prevertebral muscles; increased MTV) predict PVS involvement independently with high accuracy.
Percutaneous ethanol ablation of intrahepatic arterial pseudoaneurysm: A case report
Authors: Chou Yen , Chou Yi‐Hong , Chiou Yi‐You , Wang Hsin‐Kai , Lai Yi‐Chen , Lin Yung‐Hui , Chiou Hong‐Jen , Tiu Chui‐Mei 
Published: December 2018

AbstractHepatic arterial pseudoaneurysm is a rare but potentially fatal condition that requires prompt management. We report a case of hepatic arterial pseudoaneurysm developed after radiofrequency ablation of a hepatocellular carcinoma. The patient was successfully treated with percutaneous absolute ethanol injection under ultrasound guidance. Follow‐up studies with ultrasound and computed tomography for 2 years after treatment revealed no evidence of local recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma and of the pseudoaneurysm.
Optimal surgical treatment in patients with T1b gallbladder cancer: An international multicenter study
Authors: Kim Hyeong Seok , Park Jae Woo , Kim Hongbeom , Han Youngmin , Kwon Wooil , Kim Sun‐Whe , Hwang Yoon Jin , Kim Sang Geol , Kwon Hyung Jun , Vinuela Eduardo , Járufe Nicolas , Roa Juan Carlos , Han In Woong , Heo Jin Seok , Choi Seong‐Ho , Choi Dong Wook , Ahn Keun Soo , Kang Koo Jeong , Lee Woohyung , Jeong Chi‐Young , Hong Soon‐Chan , Troncoso Andres , Losada Hector , Han Sung‐Sik , Park Sang‐Jae , Yanagimoto Hiroaki , Endo Itaru , Kubota Keiichi , Wakai Toshifumi , Ajiki Tetsuo , Adsay Nazmi Volkan , Jang Jin‐Young 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBackgroundThere is no consensus on the optimal treatment of T1b gallbladder cancer (GBC) due to the lack of evidence and the difficulty of anatomy and pathological standardization.MethodsA total of 272 patients with T1b GBC who underwent surgical resection at 14 centers with specialized hepatobiliary‐pancreatic surgeons and pathologists in Korea, Japan, Chile, and the United States were studied. Clinical outcomes including disease‐specific survival (DSS) rates according to the types of surgery were analyzed.ResultsAfter excluding patients, the 237 qualifying patients consisted of 90 men and 147 women. Simple cholecystectomy (SC) was performed in 116 patients (48.9%) and extended cholecystectomy (EC) in 121 patients (51.1%). The overall 5‐year DSS was 94.6%, and it was similar between SC and EC patients (93.7% vs. 95.5%, P = 0.496). The 5‐year DSS was similar between SC and EC patients in America (82.3% vs. 100.0%, P = 0.249) as well as in Asia (98.6% vs. 95.2%, P = 0.690). The 5‐year DSS also did not differ according to lymph node metastasis (P = 0.688) or tumor location (P = 0.474).ConclusionsSC showed similar clinical outcomes (including recurrence) and survival outcomes as EC; therefore, EC is not needed for the treatment of T1b GBC.
The myth of the collective unconscious
Authors: Mills Jon 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThis essay challenges the most basic tenet of Jung’s analytical psychology, namely, the existence of the collective unconscious. Despite the fact that there are purported to be universal processes and ontological features of mind throughout all psychoanalytical schools of thought, Jung’s is unique in the history of psychoanalytic ideas for positing a supraordinate, autonomous transpersonal psyche that remains the source, ground, and wellspring from which all unconscious and conscious manifestations derive. This bold claim is analyzed through a close inspection of Jung’s texts that questions the philosophical justification for postulating a supernatural macroanthropos or reified collective mind. Pointing out the problems of agency and fallacies of hypostatization, it is not necessary to evoke a transpersonal cosmogony to explain how universality suffuses individual subjectivity within social collectives. Here we may conclude that the collective unconscious construct is a signifier for the common psychological dynamics and characteristics of shared humanity. In this sense, the myth of the collective unconscious is better understood as a metaphor for a higher abstraction or ideal principle ordained with numinous value.
Suicide and suicide behaviors: A review of transcriptomics and multiomics studies in psychiatric disorders
Authors: Zhou Yi , Lutz Pierre‐Eric , Ibrahim El Chérif , Courtet Philippe , Tzavara Eleni , Turecki Gustavo , Belzeaux Raoul 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAberrant gene expression can contribute to brain and nervous system dysfunction that causes many psychiatric illnesses. Here, we review how transcriptomic approaches have deepened our understanding of the neurobiological underpinnings of psychiatric disorders and how they have to the identification of biomarkers for these disorders, with a focus on their relevance to suicide and suicide behaviors. We begin by providing an overview of the genetic, transcriptomic, and epigenetic factors (including non‐coding RNAs) implicated in suicide and their roles in the regulation of gene expression. Then, we highlight the unique benefits and limitations of using either postmortem brain or peripheral tissues in transcriptomic analyses. We examine the current shift from candidate gene to genome‐wide approaches in psychiatric research, which are concurrently emerging with the increased consideration of the Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) framework for classifying mental illnesses. Furthermore, we discuss the use of transcription networks and how they can be integrated into multiomic analyses. Finally, we end by highlighting recent findings of peripheral markers of suicide risk identified through the use of transcriptomic tools. Technological advancements and increased accessibility of these technologies are drastically shaping the current research landscape. We present an overview of the significant changes currently taking place to usher in a new era of psychiatric research.
Inflammation by activated macrophage‐like THP‐1 cells increases human dura mater cell adhesion with alteration of integrin α2β1 and matrix metalloproteinase
Authors: Chong Kyuha , Kwon Woo‐Keun , Kim Joo Han , Park Youn‐Kwan , Yoon Wonki , Kim Jong Hyun , Kwon Taek‐Hyun , Moon Hong Joo 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACTThis study was designed to investigate (i) extracellular matrix to specify adhesive substrates to human dura mater cell (hDMC); (ii) the alteration on adhesion‐related molecules in hDMC; and (iii) secreted matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) linked with extracellular matrix remodeling after exposure to inflammation. The hDMC was cultured from human dura mater tissue, and the studies were performed with hDMC after co‐culturing with macrophage like THP‐1 cells (Mϕ). The adhesion of co‐cultured hDMC through collagen I increased 6.4‐fold and through collagen IV increased 5.0‐fold compared with the adhesion of naïve cells (p < 0.001). Integrin subtype α2β1 expression was increased 6.3‐fold (p < 0.001) and α1 expression was decreased 2.0‐fold (p < 0.001) in the co‐cultured cells compared with the naïve cells. Co‐culturing induced significant increases in MMP‐1 (13.9‐fold, p < 0.01), MMP‐3 (7.6‐fold, p < 0.01), and VEGF (VEGF: 3.8‐fold, p < 0.05) expression and decreases in MMP‐9 (0.1‐fold, p < 0.01) compared with the sum of naïve hDMC and Mϕ values. Increased hDMC adhesion under inflammatory conditions is caused by an increased cellular affinity for collagen I and IV mediated by increased hDMC levels of integrin subtype α2β1 and environmental MMP‐1, ‐3 and decreased MMP‐9. Selective integrin subtype α2β1 inhibition assay showed 37.8% and 35.7% reduction in adhesion of co‐cultured hDMC to collagen I (p < 0.001) and IV (p = 0.057), respectively. The present study provides insight into the pathological conditions related to dura mater adhesion in inflammation. © 2018 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 9999:1–11, 2019.
Sarcopenia Index Is a Simple Objective Screening Tool for Malnutrition in the Critically Ill
Authors: Barreto Erin F. , Kanderi Tejaswi , DiCecco Sara R. , Lopez‐Ruiz Arnaldo , Poyant Janelle O. , Mara Kristin C. , Heimgartner Joy , Gajic Ognjen , Rule Andrew D. , Nystrom Erin M. , Kashani Kianoush B. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBackgroundReliable and valid tools to screen for malnutrition in the intensive care unit (ICU) remain elusive. The sarcopenia index (SI) [(serum creatinine/serum cystatin C) × 100], could be an inexpensive, objective tool to predict malnutrition. We evaluated the SI as a screening tool for malnutrition in the ICU and compared it with the modified‐NUTRIC score.Materials and MethodsThis was a historical cohort study of ICU patients with stable kidney function admitted to Mayo Clinic ICUs between 2008 and 2015. Malnutrition was defined by the Subjective Global Assessment. Diagnostic performance was evaluated with the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and multivariable logistic regression.ResultsOf the 398 included patients, 181 (45%) had malnutrition, with 34 (9%) scored as severely malnourished. The SI was significantly lower in malnourished patients than in well‐nourished patients (64 ± 27 vs 72 ± 25; P = 0.002), and reductions in SI corresponded to increased malnutrition severity (P = 0.001). As a screening tool, the SI was an indicator of malnutrition risk (AUC 0.61) and performed slightly better than the more complex modified‐NUTRIC score (AUC = 0.57). SI cutoffs of 101 and 43 had >90% sensitivity and >90% specificity, respectively, for the prediction of malnutrition. Patients with a low SI (≤43) had a significantly higher risk of mortality (HR = 2.61, 95% CI 1.06–6.48, P = 0.038).ConclusionThe frequency of malnutrition was high in this critically ill population, and it was associated with a poor prognosis. The SI could be used to assess nutrition risk in ICU patients.