bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Systematically Guided vs. Self-Directed Laparoscopic Box Training on Learning Performances: An Observational Study
Authors: Neubacher Melissa , Darici Dogus , Krawczyk Natalia , Arslan Max , Pruss Maximilian , Fehm Tanja , Beyer Ines 
Published: December 2024

AbstractMinimally invasive surgery is increasing in all fields of surgery. It is currently unknown whether structured training is superior to self-directed training. The aim of this study is to analyze the enhancement of surgical skills in laparoscopy box trainers in a systematically guided training program compared to self-directed training.Two groups of 40 medical students were included in the study between 04/2021 and 01/2023. Each training session on the laparoscopic box trainer (Medishield BV, NL) was automatically protocolled, including time, force, and path length. The structured group consisted of 21 students working in peer tandem, while the self-directed group consisted of 19 last-year students in their four-month elective. The observational study was conducted in an ecological study design.The self-directed cohort completed an average of 15 training sessions compared to the structured cohort’s 10 sessions. All participants in both groups improved in time, path length, and force. The structured cohort showed nearly linear improvement, while the self-directed cohort had high deviation in results.Supervision and collaborative work positively influence laparoscopic training success. Mere availability of training does not exploit the potential of laparoscopic box trainers. Curriculums for young surgeons or medical students should include institutionalized training with a structured schedule and a training partner for improved outcomes.
„Supervised Automated Kinetic Perimetry“ (SAKP) mit simulierten Gesichtsfelddaten – Vorstellung einer neuen Untersuchungstechnik
Authors: Schiefer Ulrich , Wörner Michael , Zobor Ditta 
Published: December 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Entwicklung, Optimierung, Training und Evaluation eines Algorithmus zur Durchführung der Supervised Automated Kinetic Perimetry (SAKP) unter Verwendung digitalisierter, simulierter perimetrischer Daten.
Methoden Der ursprüngliche SAKP-Algorithmus basierte auf den Ergebnissen einer multizentrischen Normwertstudie unter Verwendung der halbautomatischen kinetischen Perimetrie (SKP) und einer in Japan entwickelten automatisierten Untersuchungsmethode mit bewegten Messmarken („Program K“), welche die äußeren Winkel von Isopterensegmenten auswertete und auf Abweichungen von erwarteten Werten mit dort platzierten Untersuchungsvektoren zur Vermessung der GF-Außengrenzen (GF: Gesichtsfeld) reagierte. Diese Vorgehensweise wurde ergänzt durch spezielle Interpolationsverfahren zur Erstellung individueller 3-D-Sehhügel und sog. lokaler „Sondiervektoren“ zur Optimierung der Exzentrizität der Vektorursprünge. Dieser Algorithmus wurde iterativ für 7 repräsentative digitalisierte 3-dimensionale GF-Befunde aus 5 typischen Klassen trainiert und sukzessiv optimiert: (1) normales GF, (2) zentrales Skotom, (3) konzentrische GF-Konstriktion, (4) retinale nervenfaserbedingte GF-Defekte (=
GFD) und (5) GFD mit Respektierung des vertikalen Meridians. Der optimierte SAKP-Algorithmus wurde anschließend auf einen neuen Satz von 20 3-dimensionalen GF-Befunden unterschiedlicher Herkunft und unterschiedlichen Schweregrades angewendet. Die primären Zielgrößen waren die Übereinstimmung zwischen dem tatsächlichen und dem bewerteten GF, ausgedrückt als Genauigkeit (A), d. h. das Verhältnis zwischen der Fläche der korrekten Vorhersagen und der gesamten (berücksichtigten) Fläche der Vorhersagen (von 0 = schlechteste bis 1 = beste) sowie die Untersuchungsdauer (T). Die Ergebnisse sind als Median (und Interquartilsbereich) angegeben. Die Robustheit der Prüfung wurde auch durch Variation der individuellen Fehlerquote (ER) und der Fehlergröße (EM) überprüft.
Ergebnisse Median und Interquartilsbereich (= IQR, in Klammern angegeben) für die Gesamtheit der 20 repräsentativen GF waren 0,93 (0,02) für A bzw. 7,0 min (5,2 min) für T. A war am besten im Fall altitudinaler GFD und GFD mit hemianopem Charakter mit makularer Aussparung jeweils 0,98) und am schlechtesten im Fall superiorer keilförmiger GFD (0,78); T war am kürzesten im Fall der Verschiebung des blinden Flecks (3,9 min) und am längsten im Fall der GFD mit hemianopem Charakter und makularer Aussparung bei erhaltener temporaler Sichel (12,1 min). Die ER und EM (jeweils bis zu 30%) hatten einen vergleichsweise geringen Einfluss auf A bzw. T.
Schlussfolgerung Der hier vorgestellte SAKP-Algorithmus erreicht – bei akzeptablen Untersuchungszeiten – einen vergleichsweise hohen Grad an Genauigkeit und Robustheit in Bezug auf die tatsächlichen, simulierten Gesichtsfelddaten. Die Anwendung dieses Algorithmus auf reale Patientenuntersuchungen unter klinischen Bedingungen ist derzeit in Vorbereitung.
Causas de revisão de artroplastias totais do joelho em um hospital terciário no Brasil
Authors: Mozella Alan de Paula , Cobra Hugo Alexandre de Araújo Barros , Minamoto Sandra Tie Nishibe , Salim Rodrigo , Leal Ana Carolina 
Published: December 2024

Resumo
Objetivo Identificar as causas de revisão de artroplastia total do joelho em um centro de referência no Brasil.
Métodos Trata-se de uma série de casos, com 80 pacientes submetidos à cirurgia de revisão de artroplastia total do joelho (RATJ) em um centro de referência em cirurgia do joelho, no período entre agosto de 2019 e novembro de 2021, com média de idade de 69,6 anos. Desses pacientes, 60,23% eram do sexo feminino e 39,77% do sexo masculino. O índice de massa corporal (IMC) médio foi de 30,23 kg/m2. As causas de falha da ATJ foram definidas como: infecção periprotética conforme critérios do 2018 Internacional Consensus Meeting, instabilidade ligamentar, limitação de arco de movimento, fratura periprotética, mal alinhamento, soltura asséptica, dor devido à não substituição da cartilagem patelar, desgaste do polietileno, fratura dos implantes, insuficiência do mecanismo extensor.
Resultados A infecção articular periprotética (IAP) foi a principal causa de revisão de artroplastia total do joelho (ATJ), correspondendo a 47,73% dos casos. A soltura asséptica de um ou mais componentes representou o segundo motivo mais frequente para causa de falha de ATJ, acarretando 35,23% das revisões. Limitação do arco de movimento representou a terceira mais frequente causa, sendo responsável por 5,68% das cirurgias. Instabilidade foi a 4ª razão mais frequente para RATJ, ocorrendo em 4,55% dos pacientes. As demais causas de revisão foram: fratura periprotética (3,41%), insuficiência por ruptura do mecanismo extensor (2,27%), dor atribuída à não substituição da cartilagem patelar (1,14%).
Conclusões A infecção articular periprotética foi a causa mais frequente de revisão de ATJ em nossa série. Outras razões de falhas de ATJ foram, em ordem decrescente: soltura asséptica, limitação do arco de movimento e instabilidade.
Validação da versão em português brasileiro do questionário Western Ontario Shoulder Instability Index (WOSI)
Authors: Vilela Jose Carlos Souza , Barbosa Tadeu Fonseca , Araujo Daniel Oliveira , Gomes Yuri Vinicius Teles , Machado Thalles Leandro Abreu 
Published: December 2024

Resumo
Objetivo Avaliar a validade da versão em português do brasil do Western Ontario Shoulder Instability Index (WOSI).
Métodos Foram avaliados 51 pacientes, com idades entre 18 e 40 anos, que foram separados em 3 grupos: 17 pacientes com instabilidade do ombro em tratamento conservador, 17 com instabilidade do ombro tratados cirurgicamente e 17 sem instabilidade do ombro. Os pacientes foram submetidos a avaliações funcional e de saúde pelos seguintes escores: WOSI, Rowe, Escala Visual Analógica (EVA), Subjective Shoulder Value (SSV), Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH), e University of California-Los Angeles (UCLA) Shoulder Scale.
Resultados As variáveis sexo e idade se mostraram homogêneas entre os grupos (p > 0,05). Após análise comparativa dos escores, os pacientes submetidos a tratamento (cirúrgico ou conservador) apresentaram diferenças significativas na comparação com o grupo de controle (p < 0,05). A correlação entre os escores foi avaliada submetendo as medidas ao coeficiente de correlação de Spearman. Todos os instrumentos analisados apresentaram relação significativa entre si. Entretanto, o nível de correlação foi distinto: foi observada correlação positiva perfeita entre os instrumentos WOSI e DASH (r = 0,96); os instrumentos WOSI e UCLA (r = 0,87), DASH e UCLA (r = 0,86), SSV e Rowe (r = 0,80), EVA e DASH (r = 0,75), EVA e UCLA (r = 0,74) e WOSI e EVA (r = 0,72) também apresentaram tendência de linearidade positiva entre as medidas; já os instrumentos WOSI e SSV, WOSI e Rowe, DASH e Rowe, SSV e UCLA (r = -0,83), SSV e DASH (r = -0,79), Rowe e UCLA (r = -0,78), EVA e SSV (r = -0,68) e EVA e Rowe (r = -0,60) apresentaram correlação negativa.
Conclusão A versão do WOSI em português do Brasil apresenta boa validade.
Clinical and Radiological Criteria for Surgery in Posttraumatic Extradural Hematoma: An Update from Central India
Authors: Rizvi Ela Haider , Sharma Snehil , Kashif Mohammad , Maheshwari Suramya , Singh Ravi Pratap , Khare Atul Kumar 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background The surgical management guidelines for any intracranial hemorrhage were objectively defined by the Brain Trauma Foundation (BTF) in 2006 for patients who should be treated surgically or conservatively. Since then, not much work has been done toward the identification of patients who are at high risk and may have progression of the hematoma who may ultimately require surgery. This study aimed to apply the said criteria to all patients coming to the hospital with extradural hematoma (EDH) and analyze the outcome of the patient whether treated conservatively or surgically on the basis of the Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) and to observe the factors and variables that are associated with EDH that will help in furthering the demographic design of the entity in central India.
Materials and Methods A prospective and retrospective, ambivalent cohort study was performed at a hospital in central India involving all cases of computed tomography (CT) diagnosed EDH that were reported to the center from October 2016 to March 2018. A total of 78 patients were included in the study. Patients were selected and managed conservatively or surgically as per the criteria and were followed up until the outcome. In retrospective analysis, we evaluated the current criteria for surgery in all patients of posttraumatic EDH in the past 5 years and whose records were available. Condition on discharge or the outcome along with GOS was taken as the endpoint for retrospective analysis.
Results Temporoparietal and frontal regions were the most common sites of EDH and also presented higher mortality rates as compared with other sites. The majority of patients had EDH of length of greater than 5 cm and the mortality rate for the same group also increased with lesser survival chances with length of greater than 10 cm. Patients who presented with an EDH of greater than 1-cm width were higher in numbers, with survival rates decreasing with an increase in width, especially with an EDH greater than 2 cm.
Conclusion We conclude that the criteria laid out by the BTF, namely, CT findings of an EDH volume greater than 30 mL, width greater than 15 mm, and mildline shift of greater than 5 mm, hold good in cases of EDH. This study reviewed the previous criteria in the Indian setting and found them to hold good so far.
Study of electron interaction with halogenated anaesthetic molecules in gas phase at 50 eV electron energy
Authors: Vukalović Jelena , Marinković Bratislav P. , Blanco Francisco , García Gustavo , Maljković Jelena B. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This study addresses the environmental concerns associated with halogenated anesthetic gases, specifically halothane, sevoflurane, and isoflurane, due to their contributions to global warming and ozone depletion. Using a combination of experimental and theoretical approaches, we analyzed elastic electron scattering properties of these compounds in the gaseous phase at an electron energy of 50 eV. The experimental data were gathered using a crossed-beam setup equipped with an electron gun and channeltron detection, with argon serving as the reference gas in a relative-flow method to calibrate the absolute cross-section measurements. Theoretical calculations were performed using the Independent Atom Model with Screening Corrected Additivity Rule (IAM-SCAR+I), which includes interference effects to compare with experimental results effectively. These findings enhance understanding of the scattering dynamics of these anesthetics, highlighting their atmospheric implications and potential environmental impacts.
Cost and fragmentation prediction of ammonium nitrate fuel oil versus bulk emulsion explosives
Authors: Heryadi R , Utama J D H , Prasmoro A V 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Blasting in mining industry, including the blasting pattern (burden and spacing) and explosive selection, is substantial to retrieve the desired mining products. This study aims to identify the comparisons of economic calculations and fragmentation between ANFO (Ammonium Nitrate Fuel Oil) and Bulk Emulsion explosives (BEE). The economic calculation measured the cost of explosives per unit of blasted material and the fragmentation result. The bulk emulsion cost equals the ANFO cost by extending the burden and spacing from 7 m to 8.33 m. The predicted average fragmentation of blasting using ANFO and BEE was 47 cm and 51 cm, respectively, so the percentage of fragmentation under 100 cm was 81.52% and 78.48%, respectively. Conclusively, blasting with BEE with an extended blasting pattern has demonstrated similar fragmentation distribution to that of ANFO.
Influence of mining depth and panel length in longwall underground coal mining on the distribution of principal stresses along the barrier pillars
Authors: Zakri R S , Wattimena R K , Prassetyo S H , Karian T 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The production increase in longwall underground coal mining is in line with the dimension changes of the mining panel that subsequently affect changes in stress distribution and disrupts roadway stability. This paper studies the effect of panel dimensions on stress distribution around the roadway using the finite element method to model the panel conditions numerically, drawing height and shape of the goaf from empirical data. In this study, the length of the panels made varied between 500 and 1500 meters and the depth of the panels varied between 200 and 1000 meters from the surface. Based on the modelling results, stress changes due to differences in panel size occurred at the depth of 800 and 1000 meters, the longer the panel, the greater the stress that occurs. The further from the surface, the greater the pressure on the barrier pillar, at a depth of 200 meters the main pressure is 3.4 times the vertical pressure at the end of the excavation, while at a depth of 1000 meters the pressure increases to 5 times the vertical pressure.
Transitioning to e-cigarettes restores the immune response to house dust mites in cigarette smoked mice
Authors: Myers Elizabeth J. , Huecksteadt Thomas P. , Carlson Noel G. , Sanders Karl A. , Warren Kristi J. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractSince the introduction of electronic cigarettes to the US market, e-cigarettes have been posited as a safe alternative to combustible cigarettes. We developed a preclinical animal model to determine whether transitioning to e-cigarette use after up to 16 weeks of daily exposure to combustible cigarette smoke (CS) could restore normal lung immune responsiveness to house dust mites (HDM). In these studies, CS exposed animals were randomly assigned to 6 groups. (1) CS-CS mice continued combustible cigarette exposure for an additional 7 or 16 weeks, and (2) CS-recovery mice were removed from cigarette smoking where they recovered without intervention. (3) CS-carrier mice transitioned to vaporized propylene glycol (30%) with vegetable glycerol (70%) (i.e. carrier). (4) CS-salt mice transitioned to e-vapor exposure containing nicotine salt (liquid nicotine in benzoic acid + carrier), and (5) CS-base mice transitioned to daily exposures to liquid nicotine + carrier containing e-vapors. (6) Room air exposed mice, that were not smoked or exposed to e-cigarette vapors, were included as controls. We hypothesized that transitioning from CS to either of the three e-cigarette exposures (base, salt or carrier) would restore eosinophil influx into the airways following intranasal HDM administration. Here we report that shorter (7 week) e-vapor exposure containing salt, base or carrier led to significant eosinophil responses following HDM challenge. In the 16-week model, CS-base and CS-salt exposed animals did not regain their HDM responsiveness when compared to controls. CS-carrier mice did regain partial responses to HDM at 16 weeks as indicated by an increase in eosinophils compared to control mice. Lung resident lymphoid cells support the influx of eosinophils following allergen exposure. As such we measured total T cells, B cells and group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2) in the lungs of each of the treatment groups. ILC2 and CD4+ T cells were reduced, and B cells were increased in the lungs of CS mice compared to controls. Numerically, the transition to nicotine-salt increased the CD3+ T cell response but transitioning to the nicotine-base significantly reduced CD19 B cells. Additional studies showed that GM-CSF protein was increased in cultured ILC and in whole lung tissues of control mice compared to CS-carrier mice indicating plasticity of the ILC2 population. RNA microarray analyses identified significant increases in GM-CSF, CCL17 and CCL24 transcripts in alveolar macrophages following the transition from CS to carrier compared to control mice. In summary, the immunosuppressive effects of CS may be restored following short-term use of e-cigarettes, but chronic use of e-cigarettes may blunt pulmonary immunity similarly to traditional cigarette smoke.
A Method for the Combined Functional Assessment of Photoreceptors and Ganglion Cells in Acute Retinal Explants
Authors: He Xinyi , da Costa Moura Júlio César , Fernández Pedro Gil , Gläser Paul , Wang Lan , Paquet-Durand François , Zhao Zhijian , Schwarz Christina 
Published: December 2024

AbstractSignificant progress has been made in studying the individual steps of retinal signaling, yet a comprehensive understanding of the functional interplay between photoreceptors, as input cells, and retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), as output cells, remains elusive. This connection is crucial to fully unravel the retina’s computational capabilities and its role in visual processing. To address this gap, this study introduces a novel technique that combines two-photon (2P) autofluorescence microscopy with multi-electrode array (MEA) recordings, enabling simultaneous testing of photoreceptor and RGC function. Unlike traditional methods that target isolated cell classes or structural analysis, this integrated technique provides the basis to investigate input-output relationships within the retinal neural network, offering a deeper understanding of its dynamic activity and adaptability to cellular dropout.
INCORPORATION OF NON-INVASIVE, CONTRAST-FREE, AND MINIMAL RADIATION PARAMETERS IN THE DIAGNOSTIC MODALITIES OF CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE
Authors: Gul Ibrahim , Khan Naqeeb Ullah , Awan Muhammad Wasim , Usmani Naila Nasir , Kamal Mahjabeen Mahmood 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundIschemic heart disease is the major cause of morbidity and mortality. The diagnosis of chronic coronary syndrome is a challenge as most of the diagnostic investigation are either invasive or involve radiation or contrast material. The aim of our study was to find a scoring system comprising diagnostic parameters which are non-invasive and involve minimal radiation or contrast material and yet have high diagnostic yield.MethodsIn this non-randomized study conducted at KRL hospital Islamabad from Oct 2022 to Aug 2024, we took baseline characteristics and calculated Non Invasive, Minimal Radiation score (NIMR score) comprising risk factors, ETT, coronary calcium score and age of the patients, aged 18 and above. They then underwent CCTA to look for CAD. The association of the CAD with the score was checked using regression analysis on IBM SPSS version 26.ResultsOut of total 150 participants, 60% were male, mean age with SD was 50.54±7.82 and age ranged from 40-67 years. CAD was more prevalent in male and increased with increasing age. On Univariate analysis, NIMR score both as continuous variable and as categorical variable emerged as strong predictor of CAD (OR: 2.45, 95% CI: 1.84-3.25, pValue: 0.000) and (OR: 64.09, 95% CI: 14.53-282.74, pValue: 0.000) respectively. On multivariate analysis also the NIMR score was strong predictor of CAD both as continuous variable (OR: 2.43, 95%CI: 1.83-3.24, pValue: 0.000) and as categorical variable (OR: 67.11, 95%CI: 14.47-311.14, pValue: 0.000).ConclusionIn conclusion, NIMR score, which is non-invasive, with minimal radiation and no contrast material involvement is a strong predictor of CAD in low and intermediate risk patients and very applicable in day to day clinical practice.
Harnessing the Biosynthetic Diversity of Actinomycetes: Discovery of Unique Natural Products through Comparative Genomic and Metabolic Analysis
Authors: Kikuchi Yuta , Tsutsumi Hayama , Watanabe Yoshihiro , Nakahara Hiroki , Ito Sho , Noguchi Yoshihiko , Awano Yuta , Kasuga Masanobu , Iwatsuki Masato , Hirose Tomoyasu , Sunazuka Toshiaki , Inahashi Yuki 
Published: December 2024

AbstractActinomycetes, rich in biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs), are important sources of natural products (NPs). However, the rate of discovering novel NPs from actinomycetes has declined, indicating the need for a new strategy to obtain NPs. Herein, we present a strategy for the efficient discovery of novel NPs. First, we performed a comprehensive analysis of BGCs in actinomycetes, evaluating the average number and types of BGCs per genus to identify prolific NP producers. Our analysis revealed that certain actinomycetes strains, such as those in the familyPseudonocardiaceae, possess a greater number of BGCs thanStreptomyces. In addition, these strains tend to possess strain-specific BGCs compared with others. To facilitate the identification of strain-specific compounds, we developed a comparative metabolic analysis method using molecular networking. Applying this method to eightPseudonocardiaceaestrains, we successfully discovered two novel peptides, lentindoles A (1) and B (2), featuring a 6/5/6 and 6/5/5 tricyclic ring system, respectively, along with their possible biosynthetic precursor, lentindole C (3). Our result demonstrates that the effectiveness of our developed strategy, which is expected to accelerate the discovery of novel NPs.