bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Developing the Human, Material, and Structural Aspects of Infrastructure for Collaborative Curriculum Design: Lessons Learned
Authors: McKenney Susan 
Published: September 2019

AbstractCollaborative curriculum design is a process through which two objectives are typically pursued, namely, the development of curriculum and materials for use in everyday classroom settings, and, through the discussions that this process engenders, teacher professional development. Yet, as described in the preceding chapters, achieving these goals is not easy. While many factors influence design team outcomes, the human, material, and structural aspects of infrastructure that are present in a collaborative design context are particularly important. First, the people engaging directly and indirectly in collaborative curriculum design process influence both its process and its outcomes. Second, teacher design teams can be facilitated or hampered by the material resources that they have available to them or that they create for themselves. Third, the structural conditions under which teams work, including policies, norms and routines, wield powerful influence on the teams’ motivation, feasibility and effectiveness. This chapter begins by briefly discussing the relationship between the two goals of collaborative curriculum design (curriculum development and teacher development). Next, the human, material, and structural aspects of infrastructure are introduced as an analytical frame. The body of the chapter revisits key findings from the cases given throughout this book, in light of the processes and outcomes of collaborative curriculum design, as well as the human, material, and structural aspects of infrastructure that can support them. The chapter concludes with a synthesis of these insights (which constitute recommendations for practice and policy), discussion of the findings, and recommendations for future research.
Selective use of Molecular Testing Based on Sonographic Features of Cytologically Indeterminate Thyroid Nodules: A Decision Analysis
Authors: Zanocco Kyle A. , Wang Max M. , Yeh Michael W. , Livhits Masha J. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundMolecular diagnostics can allow some patients with indeterminate thyroid nodule cytopathology to avoid diagnostic hemithyroidectomy; however, the testing is costly. We hypothesized that molecular testing with the intention of preventing unnecessary diagnostic hemithyroidectomy would be cost‐effective if this test was applied selectively based on sonographic risk of malignancy.MethodsA Markov model was constructed depicting a 40‐year‐old patient with a cytologically indeterminate thyroid nodule. Molecular testing of fine needle aspiration material was compared to a strategy of immediate diagnostic hemithyroidectomy. Data from a single tertiary‐referral health system were reviewed to estimate the outcomes of molecular testing of indeterminate nodules stratified by the American Thyroid Association sonographic classification system. Other outcome probabilities and their utilities were derived from literature review. Costs were estimated with Medicare reimbursement data. A $100,000/QALY threshold for cost‐effectiveness was applied. Sensitivity analysis was employed to examine uncertainty in the model's assumptions.ResultsOf 123 patients who underwent molecular testing for indeterminate cytology, 12 (9.8%) were classified as high sonographic suspicion, 49 (40%) were intermediate suspicion, and 62 (50%) were low or very low suspicion. Molecular testing was only cost‐effective when the pretest probability of a negative test was greater than 31%. The model was most sensitive to the cost of molecular testing and the quality adjustment factor for hypothyroidism.ConclusionsIn hypothetical modeling, molecular testing is only cost‐effective for cytologically indeterminate thyroid nodules with sonographic features that are intermediate or low suspicion for malignancy. In nodules with high sonographic suspicion, molecular testing is rarely negative and appears to add minimal value.
Designing for self-organisation in sociotechnical systems: resilience engineering, cognitive work analysis, and the diagram of work organisation possibilities
Authors: Naikar Neelam , Elix Ben 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIn designing sociotechnical systems, accounting for the phenomenon of self-organisation is critical. Empirical studies show that workers in these systems adapt not just their individual behaviours, but also their collective structures to deal with complex work environments. The concept of self-organisation can explain how such adaptations can be achieved spontaneously, continuously, and relatively seamlessly, and why this phenomenon is important for dealing with instability, uncertainty, and unpredictability in the task demands. However, existing design approaches such as resilience engineering and cognitive work analysis are limited in their capacity to design for self-organisation. This paper demonstrates that the diagram of work organisation possibilities, a recent addition to cognitive work analysis, provides a sound theoretical basis for designing for self-organisation. That is, it shows how essential components of the diagram are aligned with the concept of self-organisation and are well-grounded in empirical observations of adaptation in a variety of sociotechnical systems, specifically emergency management, military, and healthcare systems. Consequently, designs based on this diagram should have the potential to facilitate the emergence of new spatial, temporal, and functional organisational structures from the flexible actions of individual, interacting actors, thereby enhancing a system’s capacity for dealing with a dynamic, ambiguous work environment. Future research should focus on validating these ideas and demonstrating their value in industrial settings.
Structural curiosities of lanthanide (Ln)-modified bentonites analyzed by radioanalytical methods
Authors: Kovács Eszter M. , Kónya József , Nagy Noémi M. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The effects of pH and lanthanide (La, Y) concentration were investigated on the release of iron from Ca-bentonite crystal structure. XRF results revealed that during the Ca–H cation exchange procedure iron loss was not observed. In the case of lanthanide modifications, the pH has low influence, meanwhile the concentration of lanthanide has high influence on iron loss. Thus, high amount of trivalent lanthanides cause the structural iron release.
Wenn der Bagger rollt: Warum politische Konflikte um große Infrastrukturprojekte gewaltsam eskalieren
Authors: Heidrich Sebastian , Bandelow Nils C. 
Published: September 2019

ZusammenfassungDer Beitrag identifiziert Bedingungen gewaltsamer Eskalation bei Konflikten um Infrastrukturprojekte. Dazu greift er verschiedene Erklärungen aus der Protest- und Bewegungsforschung auf. Empirische Evidenz liefert ein makro-qualitativer Vergleich von 27 Konfliktsituationen bei Infrastrukturprojekten in Deutschland mit der Fuzzy-Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis. Gewaltsame Eskalation setzt die Kombination von Eskalationspotenzial und Eskalationsfunken voraus. Eskalationspotenzial besteht bei grundlegenden Technikkonflikten oder bei der Beteiligung ideologisierter Gruppen. Als Eskalationsfunken wirken Polizeigewalt und der Baustart. Neben dem Verzicht auf Polizeigewalt sollten Eskalationspotenziale und das Timing des Baustarts bei der Eskalationsvermeidung etwa durch Partizipationsprozesse berücksichtigt werden.
Indigenous fertility in Australia: updating Alan Gray
Authors: Carmichael Gordon A. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAlthough he was not the first scholar to investigate it, there is little question that the Ph.D. research of Alan Gray, completed in 1983, represented a landmark in the study of Indigenous fertility in Australia. Convinced that ‘Aboriginal’ fertility had fallen rapidly through the 1970s, Gray set out to document and explain the decline. Weaving through a maze of sub-optimal census data he produced a series of age-specific and total fertility rates, refined by three broad geographic location categories, for 5-year periods from 1956–1961 to 1976–1981. These he subsequently updated to also include 1981–1986 and the 10-year period 1986–1996 as new census children-ever-borne data became available. He would doubtless have extended his series further had he lived to do so. For years his fertility estimates were graphed in the annual ABS publicationBirths Australiaas the Bureau began publishing registration-based Indigenous fertility estimates from the late 1990s, but Indigenous birth registration data and fertility estimates based thereon remain to this day problematic in several respects. This paper summarises Alan Gray’s work, extends his Indigenous fertility estimates to the 2011–2016 intercensal period, and examines the results against registration-based estimates that have been subjected to (a) regular retrospective revision (in light of data processing flaws and substantial errors of closure in intercensal Indigenous population increments), and (b) the vagaries of significant late registration, and periodic registry efforts to clear backlogs of unregistered Indigenous births.
Understanding the Stochastic Partial Differential Equation Approach to Smoothing
Authors: Miller David L. , Glennie Richard , Seaton Andrew E. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractCorrelation and smoothness are terms used to describe a wide variety of random quantities. In time, space, and many other domains, they both imply the same idea: quantities that occur closer together are more similar than those further apart. Two popular statistical models that represent this idea are basis-penalty smoothers (Wood in Texts in statistical science, CRC Press, Boca Raton, 2017) and stochastic partial differential equations (SPDEs) (Lindgren et al. in J R Stat Soc Series B (Stat Methodol) 73(4):423–498, 2011). In this paper, we discuss how the SPDE can be interpreted as a smoothing penalty and can be fitted using the package , allowing practitioners with existing knowledge of smoothing penalties to better understand the implementation and theory behind the SPDE approach.Supplementary materials accompanying this paper appear online.
Posterior Cruciate Ligament reconstruction augmentation on avulsion PCL: A case series
Authors: Rhatomy Sholahuddin , Arif Azeta , Utomo Dwikora Novembri , Mulyadi Deri , Salipi Morteza Bahesdhi , Setyawan Riky , Soekarno Noha Roshadiansyah 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Posterior Cruciate Ligament (PCL) avulsion may mimics PCL rupture with positive posterior drawer test. Treatment of choice to PCL avulsion is vary from open surgery to arthroscopic surgery. PCL reconstruction with augmentation is a rare procedure to be performed in treating PCL avulsion case. This case reported and suggested an augmentation procedure in PCL avulsion case. This study aims is to evaluate the knee functional score using augmented PCL reconstruction on PCL avulsion using peroneus longus tendon.

Presentation of case:
We report 3 cases, 1 male and 2 females. The result of physical examination, X-ray examination, and MRI of the knee showed a PCL avulsion. Posterior drawer test showed grade 2 result. We performed an augmented PCL reconstruction on PCL avulsion using peroneus longus tendon. Knee scoring (IKDC, Modified Cincinnati, Tegner-Lysholm) collected pre-operative and 2 years post-operative. The result of knee scoring was significant improved in post-operative compare to before surgery.

Conclusion:
Augmented PCL reconstruction can be considered to be an alternative treatment of PCL avulsion because the procedure has excellent post-operative knee scoring result.

Highlights:
Propagation speed of inertial waves in cylindrical swirling flows
Authors: Albayrak Alp , Juniper Matthew P. , Polifke Wolfgang 
Published: September 2019

Thermo-acoustic combustion instabilities arise from feedback between flow perturbations and the unsteady heat release rate of a flame in a combustion chamber. In the case of a premixed, swirl stabilized flame, an unsteady heat release rate results from acoustic velocity perturbations at the burner inlet on the one hand, and from azimuthal velocity perturbations, which are generated by acoustic waves propagating across the swirler, on the other. The respective time lags associated with these flow–flame interaction mechanisms determine the overall flame response to acoustic perturbations and therefore thermo-acoustic stability. The propagation of azimuthal velocity perturbations in a cylindrical duct is commonly assumed to be convective, which implies that the corresponding time lag is governed by the speed of convection. We scrutinize this assumption in the framework of small perturbation analysis and modal decomposition of the Euler equations by considering an initial value problem. The analysis reveals that azimuthal velocity perturbations in swirling flows should be regarded as dispersive inertial waves. As a result of the restoring Coriolis force, wave propagation speeds lie above and below the mean flow bulk velocity. The differences between wave propagation speed and convection speed increase with increasing swirl. A linear, time invariant step response solution for the dynamics of inertial waves is developed, which can be approximated by a concise analytical expression. This study enhances the understanding of the flame dynamics of swirl burners in particular, and contributes physical insight into the inertial wave dynamics in general.
RANK AND RANDOMNESS
Authors: HÖLZL RUPERT , PORTER CHRISTOPHER P. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractWe show that for each computable ordinal $\alpha > 0$ it is possible to find in each Martin-Löf random ${\rm{\Delta }}_2^0 $ degree a sequence R of Cantor-Bendixson rank α, while ensuring that the sequences that inductively witness R’s rank are all Martin-Löf random with respect to a single countably supported and computable measure. This is a strengthening for random degrees of a recent result of Downey, Wu, and Yang, and can be understood as a randomized version of it.
Stars, holes, or paths across your Facebook friends: A graphlet-based characterization of many networks
Authors: Charbey Raphaël , Prieur Christophe 
Published: September 2019

AbstractNetwork science gathers methods coming from various disciplines which sometimes hardly cross the boundaries between these disciplines. Widely used in molecular biology in the study of protein interaction networks, the enumeration, in a network, of all possible subgraphs of a limited size (usually around four or five nodes), often called graphlets, can only be found in a few works dealing with social networks. In the present work, we apply this approach to an original corpus of about 10,000 non-overlapping Facebook ego networks gathered from voluntary participants by a survey application. To deal with so many similar networks, we adapt the relative graphlet frequency to a measure that we call graphlet representativity, which we show to be more effective to classify random networks having slight structural differences. From our data, we produce two clusterings, one of graphlets (paths, star-like, holes, light triangles, and dense), one of networks. The latter is presented with a visualization scheme using our representativity measure. We describe the distinct structural characteristics of the five clusters of Facebook ego networks so obtained and discuss the empirical differences between results obtained with 4-node and 5-node graphlets. We also provide suggestions of follow-ups of this work, both in sociology and in network science.
Gastrointestinal helminths of wolves (Canis lupusLinnaeus, 1758) in Piedmont, north-western Italy
Authors: de Macedo M.R.P. , Zanet S. , Bruno S. , Tolosano A. , Marucco F. , Rossi L. , Muller G. , Ferroglio E. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractFree-ranging grey wolves (Canis lupus), which are presently recolonizing Italy, can be parasitized by a diversity of helminths, but have rarely been subject to studies of their parasites. Therefore, this study aims to determine the prevalence of gastrointestinal helminths of road-killed grey wolves from the Piedmont region of Italy. Forty-two wolves were collected and examined for the presence of helminths. We recorded 12 helminth species: nine Nematoda and three Cestoda. The nematodes were:Ancylostoma caninum(7.1%),Capillariasp. (2.4%),Molineussp. (2.4%),Pterygodermatites affinis(11.9%),Physaloptera sibirica(9.5%),Toxocara canis(9.5%),Toxascaris leonina(2.4%) andUncinaria stenocephala(26.2%); the cestodes were:Dipylidium caninum(4.8%),Mesocestoidessp. (4.8%) andTaenia multiceps(76.2%).Physaloptera sibiricahad the highest mean intensity andT. multicepshad the highest prevalence. Based on age and sex, no differences in the intensity or prevalence of helminth species were found among the hosts.Molineussp. was recorded for the first time in wolves from the Palearctic region;P. affinisandP. sibiricaare respectively reported for the first time in wolves from Europe and Italy.
Revisiting Explicit Negation in Answer Set Programming
Authors: AGUADO FELICIDAD , CABALAR PEDRO , FANDINNO JORGE , PEARCE DAVID , PÉREZ GILBERTO , VIDAL CONCEPCIÓN 
Published: September 2019

AbstractA common feature in Answer Set Programming is the use of a second negation, stronger than default negation and sometimes called explicit, strong or classical negation. This explicit negation is normally used in front of atoms, rather than allowing its use as a regular operator. In this paper we consider the arbitrary combination of explicit negation with nested expressions, as those defined by Lifschitz, Tang and Turner. We extend the concept of reduct for this new syntax and then prove that it can be captured by an extension of Equilibrium Logic with this second negation. We study some properties of this variant and compare to the already known combination of Equilibrium Logic with Nelson’s strong negation.
The Expressive Power of Higher-Order Datalog
Authors: CHARALAMBIDIS ANGELOS , NOMIKOS CHRISTOS , RONDOGIANNIS PANOS 
Published: September 2019

AbstractA classical result in descriptive complexity theory states that Datalog expresses exactly the class of polynomially computable queries on ordered databases (Papadimitriou 1985; Grädel 1992; Vardi 1982; Immerman 1986; Leivant 1989). In this paper we extend this result to the case of higher-order Datalog. In particular, we demonstrate that on ordered databases, for all k ≥ 2, k-order Datalog captures (k − 1)-EXPTIME. This result suggests that higher-order extensions of Datalog possess superior expressive power and they are worthwhile of further investigation both in theory and in practice.
Fatigue in patients on oral targeted or chemotherapy for cancer and associations with anxiety, depression, and quality of life
Authors: Poort Hanneke , Jacobs Jamie M. , Pirl William F. , Temel Jennifer S. , Greer Joseph A. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractObjectivesOral treatment (targeted or chemotherapy) for cancer is being increasingly used. While fatigue is a known side effect of intravenous chemotherapy, the rate of fatigue and the impact of fatigue on other patient-reported outcomes are not well described.MethodAt Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, 180 adult patients prescribed oral targeted or chemotherapy for various malignancies enrolled in a randomized controlled trial of adherence and symptom management. Patients completed baseline self-reported measures of fatigue (Brief Fatigue Inventory; BFI), anxiety and depressive symptoms (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; HADS), and quality of life, including subscales for physical, social, emotional, and functional well-being ([QOL] Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy — General; FACT-G). We examined clinically relevant fatigue using a validated cut-off score for moderate-severe fatigue (BFI global fatigue ≥4) and tested the associations with anxiety symptoms, depressive symptoms, and QOL with independent samples t-tests.ResultsAt baseline, 45 of 180 participants (25.0%) reported moderate-severe fatigue. Fatigued patients experienced more anxiety symptoms (mean diff. 3.73, P < 0.001), more depressive symptoms (mean diff. 4.14, P < 0.001), and worse QOL on the total FACT-G score (mean diff. −19.58, P < 0.001) and all subscales of the FACT-G compared to patients without moderate-severe fatigue.Significance of resultsOne in four patients on oral treatment for cancer experienced clinically relevant fatigue that is associated with greater anxiety and depressive symptoms and worse QOL.
Stronger zonal convective clustering associated with a wider tropical rain belt
Authors: Popp Max , Bony Sandrine 
Published: September 2019

AbstractDeep convection can exhibit a large diversity of spatial organizations along the equator. The form of organization may affect the tropical large-scale motions of the atmosphere, but observational evidence is currently missing. Here we show using observations that when convection along the equator is more clustered in the zonal direction, the tropical rain belt widens in the meridional direction, and exhibits a double-peak structure. About half of the influence of the convective clustering on the width of the rain belt is associated with the annual cycle and the other half is associated with unforced climate variability. Idealized climate model experiments show that the zonal convective clustering alone can explain the observed behavior and that the behavior can be explained with an energetic framework. This demonstrates that the representation of equatorial convective clustering is important for modeling the tropical rainfall distribution accurately.
Association of blood group and red blood cell transfusion with the incidence of antepartum, peripartum and postpartum venous thromboembolism
Authors: Wang Chen , Le Ray Isabelle , Lee Brian , Wikman Agneta , Reilly Marie 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe increased risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) associated with pregnancy is well-known and prophylaxis guidelines consider a number of risk factors. Although non-O blood group and red blood cell (RBC) transfusion are known to be associated with VTE risk, their contribution to pregnancy-associated VTE has received little attention. This study was conducted in a population-based cohort of 1,000,997 deliveries to women with no prior history of VTE or thrombophilia. The independent contributions of ABO blood type and RBC transfusion to the risks of antepartum, peripartum and postpartum VTE are reported as odds ratios adjusted for risk factors that are considered in current prophylaxis guidelines and other potential confounders. Compared with type O, A and B blood types have higher risk of antepartum and postpartum VTE, with odds ratios between 1.4 and 1.8. Transfusion around delivery has the largest increased risks and a dose-response effect, with adjusted odds ratios from 2.60 (1.71–3.97) for 1–2 units to 3.55 (1.32–9.55) for more than 5 units. ABO blood type and RBC transfusion were found to be independent risk factors for pregnancy-associated VTE. Further research is required to understand the underlying mechanisms and to conduct a risk-benefit assessment of the small volumes of RBCs transfused around delivery.