bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of implant neck design on primary and secondary implant stability in the posterior maxilla: A prospective randomized controlled study
Authors: Eshkol‐Yogev Inbar , Tandlich Moshik , Shapira Lior 
Published: September 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the early changes in implant stability of implants with different neck design during the first 3 months of healing in the posterior maxilla.Materials and methodsPatients were randomized to receive triangular neck implant (test), or round neck implant (control). Resonance frequency analysis (ISQ) measurements were obtained at surgery and at 2, 4, 7, 14, 21, 28, 45, 60, and 90 days following implant placement. Non‐parametric statistic was used for data analysis.ResultsThirty‐two patients were included (17 test and 15 controls). Initial ISQ values of the test implants were high (mean: 68.4, SD = 8.4) and increased over time (mean: 74.4, SD = 6.0). Control implants presented a statistically significant higher initial ISQ value at implant placement (mean: 76.9, SD = 8.7), which was maintained over the healing period (mean: 77.6, SD = 3.6) with no significant changes between time intervals. After 6 weeks of healing, both implants displayed comparable ISQ values with no differences between the groups. All implants exhibited a decrease in stability on days 2 and 21 post‐placement. All roundneck implants used, and 82% of the triangularneck implants showed initial ISQ values above the suggested threshold for immediate loading (>60).ConclusionsImplant neck design plays a role in implant primary stability in the posterior maxilla. Both implants show high primary stability, with significantly higher values for the round neck. However, these differences disappeared after 6 weeks of healing. While primary implant stability is partially governed by implant neck design, the role of this result is negligible for the achievement of secondary stability.
Prevalence of traumatic orofacial and dental injury in unidentified bodies—Data from a forensic medicine institute in Brazil
Authors: Villalobos Maria Isabel de Oliveira e Britto , dos Santos Alyssa Sales , Horta Martinho Campolina Rebello , Miranda Geraldo Elias , Bastos Juliana Vilela , Côrtes Maria Ilma de Souza Gruppioni 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackground/AimOrofacial trauma and traumatic dental injuries (TDI) are serious public health problems due to their high prevalence, severe morbidity, high costs of treatment, and long‐term sequelae. However, the extent of the problem may be underestimated since trauma analysis, from a forensic odontology perspective, is not widely represented in the scientific literature. The aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence of traumatic orofacial injuries (TOI) and TDI in unidentified bodies and their association with the cause of death.Materials and methodsA retrospective analysis was conducted of dental and autopsy reports of unidentified bodies admitted to the Institute of Forensic Medicine of Belo Horizonte (IFM‐BH), Brazil, between 2015 and 2016. The final sample was made up of 536 bodies. Demographic data, the location where the body was found, cause of death, and the presence and type of orofacial trauma were collected.ResultsThe mean of the estimated age of the bodies was 38 years and the median was 35 years. Most of the bodies were from males (87.5%) and were found downtown in the city of Belo Horizonte (60.4%). Violence was the most common cause of death (64%), generally by gunshot (48.7%). Bodies with an estimated age ≤35 years were eight times more likely to have died from violent causes. TOI was registered in 50.9% of the reports. TDI was observed in 10.8% of the bodies. Victims of violent death were seven times more likely to present TOI. Such association was not observed when the presence of TDI was considered.ConclusionsThere is a positive association between TOI and violent death in unidentified bodies.
Longitudinal effects of utilising photography on the accuracy of ergonomic self‐assessments amongst dental hygiene students
Authors: Partido Brian B. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of this study was to determine the longitudinal effects of feedback involving photography and self‐assessment on the accuracy of ergonomic self‐assessments and ergonomic scores amongst dental hygiene students.Materials and methodsThe study involved an experimental design. Data collection took place over 4 months, divided into weeks 1‐4 and after 3 months. At weeks 1 through 4 and 3 months, all participants completed ergonomic self‐evaluations, using a Modified‐Dental Operator Posture Assessment Instrument. At week 1, week 4 and 3 months, all participants were photographed, and in weeks 2 and 3, only participants in the training group were photographed and used those photographs to complete ergonomic self‐assessments. All participants' photographs were evaluated by three faculty raters.ResultsA mixed‐design ANOVA of Kappa coefficient values between student and rater scores measured the effects of the feedback with photography on the accuracy of student self‐assessments. A main effect for group was not found to be significant (F(1,30) = 2.90, P = .101). A mixed‐design ANOVA measured the effects of the feedback with photography on the ergonomic scores. No significant main effects were found (F(1,120) = 1.55, P = .216).ConclusionAlthough self‐assessment utilising photographs resulted in initial improvements in the accuracy of ergonomic self‐assessments and ergonomic scores after 4 weeks, both ergonomic accuracy and scores significantly decreased after 3 months. Improvement in ergonomic accuracy and scores may be sustained by the continual facilitated use of photographs and self‐assessment by dental and dental hygiene educators.
Browning reduces the availability—but not the transfer—of essential fatty acids in temperate lakes
Authors: Senar Oscar E. , Creed Irena F. , Strandberg Ursula , Arts Michael T. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Atmospheric changes are leading to the browning of northern lakes (i.e. increases in catchment‐derived dissolved organic matter [DOM]), consequently altering phytoplankton biomass and community composition.

We hypothesised that lake browning and the concurrent increase in nutrients drive a shift towards greater cyanobacteria biomass. We further hypothesised that, as a consequence of this shift in phytoplankton, the content of ω‐3 (n‐3) essential fatty acids (EFA) in seston would decline, affecting the subsequent transfer of EFA to consumers across the plant–animal interface in pelagic regions of lakes.

We tested these hypotheses in the epilimnion of 30 temperate lakes in Ontario (Canada), representing a gradient of lake browning, with dissolved organic carbon (DOC) ranging from 2 to 10 mg/L and total phosphorus ranging from 6.0 to 48.5 μg/L. In each of these lakes, the concentration and composition of DOM, the biomass of phytoplankton and cyanobacteria, and the EFA content of seston, cladocerans, and copepods were measured.

An increase in aromatic DOM was associated with increased phytoplankton and cyanobacteria biomass. Due to the lower content of the EFA eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA; 20:5n‐3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; 22:6n‐3) in cyanobacteria, this increase in phytoplankton biomass was associated with a decline in EPA and DHA content in lake seston. However, there was no significant change in EFA content of cladocerans and copepods. This homeostatic (diet‐independent) EFA composition in zooplankton suggested that, as the phytoplankton community shifted towards more cyanobacteria with lower EFA content, the cladocerans and copepods may have met their nutritional requirements by relying on alternative food sources (e.g. heterotrophic ciliates and flagellates) capable of either trophically upgrading phytoplankton‐produced EPA and DHA, or synthesising EPA and DHA de novo.

Results from this study indicate that increasing DOC from low (2 mg DOC/L) to moderate levels (15 mg DOC/L) may increase the importance of the microbial pathway in the trophic transfer of EPA and DHA from basal resources to zooplankton. However, this supplementary transfer of EFA through the microbial food web may not sustain high EPA and DHA levels in zooplankton when lake browning starts to limit primary production (>15 mg DOC/L).
Range size predicts the risk of local extinction from habitat loss
Authors: Staude Ingmar R. , Navarro Laetitia M. , Pereira Henrique M. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAimThe geographical range size of species is a strong predictor of vulnerability to global extinction. However, it remains unclear whether range size is also a good predictor of extinction risk at much smaller scales. Here, we reconstruct biodiversity time series to ask whether species with small ranges have declined preferentially with habitat loss at the local scale.LocationGlobal.Time period1500–2015.Major taxa studiedVascular plants.MethodWe collated 70 million occurrence records of 180,000 species of vascular plants from three biodiversity data‐sharing networks. We combined these with data on changes in global land use to find locations (0.25° grid cells) with biodiversity data before and after loss of natural habitat. First, we examined the change in community median range size before and after habitat loss. Second, we quantified the probabilities of local persistence of small‐ and large‐ranged species at different levels of habitat loss.ResultsCommunity median range size was higher after habitat loss, on average. Species with small ranges had lower probabilities of persistence than species with large ranges at already moderate habitat loss (≤50%).Main conclusionsThe loss of natural habitat has a differential effect on the local extinction risk of species with different range sizes. Given that species with small ranges decline preferentially, habitat loss can create a linkage between temporal and spatial species turnover, in that changes within communities decrease compositional differences between communities.
MOBILISATIONS OF MEDIATION AND APORIAS: READING TRAUMA AS METAPHOR IN ULRIKE DRAESNER'S SIEBEN SPRÜNGE VOM RAND DER WELT WITH CARUTH, DERRIDA, AND AGAMBEN
Authors: Ludden Teresa 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACTThis article analyses Draesner's 2014 novel through the concepts of traumatic memory and relations between the unsayable and speech. It argues through Cathy Caruth's and Jacques Derrida's poststructuralist critical theory that we can understand the tension in the text between mediation and lost origins as a discourse on historiography and the archive, as well as a reflection on the ethics of writing the embodied experiences of others’ trauma. Through strategic mobilisations of the ideas of erasure, deferral, witness, and the non‐coincidence of language and the body, the text constructs multifaceted narratives of ‘ungraspable’ trauma centring on events which are constituted by their disappearance, such as forced sterilisation and the missed encounter with the death of a character killed while fleeing his home in Silesia in 1945. The foregrounding of ‘Flucht und Vertreibung’ hides another aspect of trauma – that of the persecution of the ill and disabled under National Socialism. Giorgio Agamben's philosophy is used to argue that the text can bear witness to these silences, but, given the all‐pervasive mediatised trauma culture – of which the text willingly partakes with its aesthetics of mediation, self‐reflexivity, and designated website – the danger is that silences are drowned out.
Clinical predictors of acute hyponatremia following LARIAT ligation of the left atrial appendage
Authors: Holmes Benjamin B. , Patel Neel , Lugo Ricardo , Richardson Travis , Metawee Mohammed , Rinke Lauren Lee , Meisch Carol , Shoemaker Moore Benjamin , Ellis Christopher R. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIntroductionHyponatremia commonly follows percutaneous exclusion of the left atrial appendage (LAA) with the LARIAT suture delivery device. The aim of this study was to evaluate for clinical predictors hyponatremia following ligation of the appendage with the LARIAT device.Methods and ResultsA retrospective analysis was conducted on 61 consecutive patients (average age 69.7 ± 9.8 years, 55.7% male) who underwent successful appendage ligation with the LARIAT device. Acute hyponatremia (AH) was defined as a drop in serum sodium (Na) by greater than or equal to 4 mmol/L within 48 hours of ligation while exaggerated acute hyponatremia (EAH) was defined as a drop greater than or equal to 10 mmol/L. Among all patients, there was a significant decrease in [Na] at 24 hours (3.26 ± 2.77 mmol/L) and 48 hours (4.98 ± 3.74 mmol/L). Thirty‐two patients (52.4%) had AH while six patients (9.8%) experienced EAH. A body mass index (BMI) of less than 28.4 kg/m2 was associated with AH (P = .037) while a BMI < 25 kg/m2 was associated with EAH (P = .021). A linear regression analysis comparing the maximum sodium decrease to the indexed left atrial (LA) diameter found that for every 1 cm/m2 increase in indexed LA diameter, there was a 2.5 mEq/L decrease in serum sodium (P = .04).ConclusionsHyponatremia frequently occurs following LAA ligation with the LARIAT device. A low BMI < 25 kg/m2 is associated with a drop in serum sodium of greater than 10 mmol/L while increasing indexed LA diameter predicts any AH. AH is also associated with a significantly lower systolic blood pressure 48 to 72 hours post LAA exclusion with the LARIAT device.
Body dysmorphic disorder in patients with acne: a multicentre study
Authors: Marron S.E. , Miranda‐Sivelo A. , Tomas‐Aragones L. , Rodriguez‐Cerdeira C. , Tribo‐Boixaro M.J. , Garcia‐Bustinduy M. , Gracia‐Cazaña T. , Ros‐Abarca S. , Roe‐Crespo E. , Diaz‐Díaz R.M. , Brufau‐Redondo C. , Martinez‐Gonzalez M.C. , Guerra‐Tapia A. , González‐Guerra E. , Puig L. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackground and objectiveBody dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is a mental disorder that is difficult to diagnose, causes a lot of suffering and is more prevalent in dermatology patients than in the general population. Our objective was to screen for possible cases of BDD in patients with acne and to determine the prevalence according to DSM‐IV and DSM‐5 criteria, as well as to analyse the relationship between dermatological and sociodemographic variables.MethodsA total of 245 patients diagnosed with acne in 11 dermatological centres in Spain were included in the study by members of the Aragon Psychodermatology Research Group and Spanish Research Group of Psychiatric Dermatology. We used the Body Dysmorphic Disorder Questionnaire (BDDQ) as a screening tool.ResultsIn our sample, we obtained a prevalence for BDD of 10.6% (95% CI: 7.6–13.6%). The prevalence was the same with DSM‐IV or DSM‐5 criteria. Possible cases of BDD were predominantly women (P = 0.021), and 56% had non‐inflammatory lesions vs. 30% of negative patients (P = 0.002). Positive patients as possible cases of BDD spent more than two hours on average a day worrying about their appearance. Most people only worried about one part of their body (86%), and in 95% of the cases, the part of their body that worried them was the face. The three most frequent compulsive behaviours in patients who screened positive for BDD were mirror checking (90.7%), camouflaging (79.1%) and using make‐up (72.1%).ConclusionsAs a consequence of the high prevalence of possible cases of BDD in patients with acne observed in our study, there is a need for dermatologists to screen for BDD so that they can be referred to a mental health unit to confirm the diagnosis and be offered treatment to reduce the progression of psychosocial deterioration and the development of comorbid disorders.
The effects of commonly used anaesthetics on colour measurements across body regions in the poeciliid fish, Girardinus metallicus
Authors: Wojan Erin M. , Carreiro Nalana C. , Clendenen David A. , Neldner Heather M. , Castillo Crystal , Bertram Susan M. , Kolluru Gita R. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe effects of common anaesthetics on the hue, saturation and brightness measurements of the poeciliid fish Girardinus metallicus were investigated in two experiments. For both experiments the coloration of four body regions was measured from digital images of the same males obtained under three conditions: (1) control (in a water‐filled chamber); (2) anaesthetised with MS‐222; and (3) anaesthetised with eugenol (clove oil). In experiment 1 anaesthetised fish were photographed out of water. In experiment 2 all photographs were taken in a water‐filled chamber. Anaesthetics altered coloration in both experiments. In the more methodologically consistent experiment 2 we found significantly different hue, increased saturation and decreased brightness in anaesthetic v. control conditions, consistent with darkening caused by the anaesthetics. The body regions differed in coloration consistent with countershading but did not differentially change in response to anaesthesia. These findings suggest that photographing fish in a water‐filled chamber without anaesthetic is preferable for obtaining digital images for colour analysis and that multiple body regions of fish should be measured when assessing coloration patterns meaningful in behavioural contexts, to account for the gradients caused by countershading. We are encouraged that some researchers employ such methods already and caution against using anaesthetics except when absolutely necessary for immobilisation.
In vivo real‐time diagnosis of endoscopic ultrasound‐guided needle‐based confocal laser endomicroscopy in gastric subepithelial lesions
Authors: Zhang Ming‐Ming , Zhong Ning , Gu Xiang , Wang Xiao , Zuo Xiu‐Li , Ji Rui , Li Chang‐Qing , Li Li‐Xiang , Li Zhen , Yu Yan‐Bo , Li Yan‐Qing 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackground and AimThe effect of real‐time analysis of needle‐based confocal laser endomicroscopy (nCLE) for gastric subepithelial lesions (SELs) on the diagnostic value is unclear. The study aimed to investigate the diagnostic efficacy of real‐time nCLE for gastric SELs and to assess the technical aspects and safety of real‐time nCLE.MethodsConsecutive patients with gastric SELs ≥ 1 cm were prospectively investigated by endoscopic ultrasound (EUS), followed by nCLE. During EUS‐nCLE, real‐time nCLE diagnosis was made by an expert endoscopist. The procedure‐relative adverse events were assessed and recorded. One‐month washout period later, nCLE videos were reviewed off‐line by the same endoscopist. The nCLE diagnoses were compared with corresponding pathological results. Additionally, image quality and interobserver agreements for the criteria were evaluated by three experienced endomicroscopists.ResultsExcept for one failing to be punctured, 60 patients completed EUS‐nCLE procedures successfully. Real‐time nCLE had high diagnostic accuracies of ≥ 88.3% for gastric SELs. There were no significant differences between real‐time and off‐line nCLE diagnoses for gastric SELs (P > 0.05). The overall accuracy of real‐time nCLE for diagnosis of gastric SELs was 86.7%. There were no procedure‐relative adverse events occurred. In addition, the mean image quality score was 3.6 (1 = poor and 5 = excellent). The interobserver agreement was “almost perfect” for ectopic pancreas and “substantial” for gastrointestinal stromal tumor, leiomyoma, and carcinoma.ConclusionsEndoscopic ultrasound‐nCLE could provide in vivo real‐time diagnostic imaging with a high diagnostic accuracy. Meanwhile, real‐time nCLE was feasible and had a satisfactory safety profile.
Within‐person variability in curiosity during daily life and associations with well‐being
Authors: Lydon‐Staley David M. , Zurn Perry , Bassett Danielle S. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractObjectiveCuriosity promotes engagement in novel situations and the accruement of resources that promote well‐being. An open question is the extent to which curiosity lability, the degree to which curiosity fluctuates over short timescales, impacts well‐being.MethodWe use data from a 21‐day daily diary as well as trait measures in 167 participants (mean age = 25.37 years, SD = 7.34) to test (a) the importance of curiosity lability for depression, flourishing, and life satisfaction, (b) day‐to‐day associations among curiosity and happiness, depressed mood, anxiety, and physical activity, and (c) the role of day's mood as a mediator between physical activity and curiosity.ResultsWe observe positive associations among curiosity lability and depression, as well as negative associations among curiosity lability and both life satisfaction and flourishing. Curiosity is higher on days of greater happiness and physical activity, and lower on days of greater depressed mood. We find evidence consistent with day's depressed mood and happiness being mediators between physical activity and curiosity.ConclusionsGreater consistency in curiosity is associated with well‐being. We identify several potential sources of augmentation and blunting of curiosity in daily life and provide support for purported mechanisms linking physical activity to curiosity via mood.
Use of post‐harvest common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) residues in diet of lambs and its effect on finishing performance, rumen fermentation, protozoa population and meat characteristics
Authors: Eynipour Peyman , Chaji Morteza , Sari Mohsen 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe aim of the experiment was to investigate the replacement value of common bean residues in the diet of finishing lambs as an inexpensive fodder instead of wheat straw or maize silage. Forty Arabi male lambs with average body weight of 18.90 ± 0.6 kg were randomly divided into five treatments with eight replications. The five experimental treatments consisted of control diet, and 50% and 100% replacement of bean residues with wheat straw or 25% and 50% replacement with maize silage in the control diet respectively. Lambs were slaughtered at the end of the experiment to evaluate carcass traits and meat characteristics. Dry matter intake, blood glucose, urea nitrogen, cholesterol and triglyceride concentration were not affected by the experimental treatments. Apparent digestibility of nutrients; total concentration of volatile fatty acids, acetate and butyrate; and total rumen protozoa population were linearly increased by increasing the levels of bean residues, as replacement with wheat straw (p < .05). Replacement of bean residues in control diets instead of wheat straw or maize silage caused a positive linear incremental trend for average daily gain and total weight gain. There was no significant difference in daily gain, final weight and feed conversion ratio among the treatments. Instead of wheat straw or maize silage, replacement bean residues linearly increased chewing, ruminating and eating activities per neutral detergent fibre intake (p < .05). Carcass traits and physicochemical characteristics of meat were not affected by the treatments. It is advisable to use bean residues in the diet of lambs as an alternative to the wheat straw or maize silage, because no adverse effects were observed on rumen fermentation, blood metabolites and performance; moreover, improvement in average daily gain, total weight gain and digestibility of nutrients, and the fact that bean residue is less expensive than wheat straw and maize silage.