bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Second‐Harmonic Ripple in Two‐Stage Single‐Phase Photovoltaic Inverters: Analysis and Mitigation
Authors: Carmo Mendonça Dayane do , Viana Silva Gleison , Augusto Pereira Heverton , Curi Busarello Tiago Davi , Fagner Cupertino Allan 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTTwo‐stage single‐phase photovoltaic inverters exhibit a second‐harmonic ripple at the dc‐link voltage, which can cause variations in the terminal voltage of the photovoltaic array, reducing the efficiency of the maximum power point tracking (MPPT). Initially, this work investigates the efficiency reduction caused by the second‐harmonic component using analytical models. Besides, this work explores a control technique to reduce the ripple in the terminals of the photovoltaic module based on real‐time normalization of the dc/dc converter control signal. This technique is compared with conventional control and with the addition of second‐harmonic resonant control. The case study is based on a 4.4‐kVA/220‐V photovoltaic inverter with input for two photovoltaic strings. The results indicate that both techniques are capable of performing the attenuation of the voltage ripple at the terminals of the photovoltaic array, resulting in efficiency gains in the order of 0.74% for the strategy based on resonant control and 0.95% for the proposed normalization technique. In addition, C‐HIL and experimental results prove the reduction in voltage ripple with the normalization and resonant control. As an advantage, the normalization technique is simpler than the second one, because it does not require modification of the control structure of the dc/dc converter.
A Successive Approximate Angle Track Converter for Sinusoidal Encoders
Authors: Lai Xinquan , Wang Bingyuan , Niu Zhiwen 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThis paper presents a novel angle track converter for sinusoidal encoders. These encoders provide electronic signals in which the position is encoded in sinusoidal form. This work aims to reduce the complexity and enhance the conversion speed of the sinusoidal‐to‐angle demodulation system. Considering the periodicity of sine and cosine signals (SCSs), the full range is evenly divided into eight segments to determine the coarse angle. According to the specific coarse angle segment, the SCSs are reshaped for proceeding demodulation. Then a fine angle is derived from reshaped signals based on division and arctangent algorithm. Division operation is achieved by a capacitor digital‐to‐analog converter, dynamic comparator, and successive approximation register. The arctangent value is obtained from the division result with the compensation by a small‐size look‐up table. The new converter fabricated in 0.18‐m BCD technology occupies an active area of 0.16 mm2 and consumes 1.5 mW at the sample rate 10 MHz. The measured maximum error is 1.8°, in the full range. Without analog‐to‐digital converters and no nonlinear operation unit, the proposed angle track converter has a significant advantage in cost, speed, and efficiency.
Salivary Duct Carcinoma Metastasis in the Pleural Fluid
Authors: Haddad Sandra , Kilic Irem , Barkan Güliz A. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTSalivary duct carcinoma (SDC) is a relatively rare, highly aggressive tumor with a poor prognosis that can be challenging to distinguish on cytology specimens. Awareness of the cytomorphologic and immunocytochemical findings is essential in arriving at a definitive diagnosis. This case report describes the primary diagnosis of a metastatic SDC on effusion fluid cytology.
Evaluation of Antibiotic‐Loaded Bone Cement in Treatment of Infected Diabetic Foot: Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Chen Hua , Yao Ling , Zhou Yu , Dai Jiezhi 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundDiabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is a common and complex complication in patients with diabetes mellitus. The study of antibiotic‐loaded bone cement for the treatment of infected diabetic foot is limited. We aimed to assess the efficacy of antibiotic‐loaded bone cement for the treatment of infected diabetic foot.MethodsThe MEDLINE, Embase, BIOSIS, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), and Web of Knowledge databases were systematically searched up to May 2023 with no language restrictions. We assessed eligible studies for the efficacy of antibiotic‐loaded bone cement for the treatment of infected diabetic foot. The standard mean differences (SMDs) or the risk ratios (RRs) were calculated for continuous or dichotomous data, respectively. Data were analysed using the Cochrane Collaboration's RevMan 5.0 software.ResultsNine articles with 565 patients were analysed in our meta‐analysis. The wound healing time in ABC group was significantly shorter than that in the control group (SMD = −1.64, 95% CI −2.27 to −1.02 p < 0.00001, I2 = 88%). The ABC group had a significantly decreased number of debridements (SMD = −2.47, 95% CI −4.24 to −0.70, p < 0.00001, I2 = 95%). The pooled data showed no significant difference (RR = 0.41, 95% CI 0.12 to 1.39, p = 0.84, I2 = 0%).ConclusionThis is the first meta‐analysis comparing the efficacy of antibiotic‐loaded bone cement for the treatment of infected diabetic foot. Antibiotic‐loaded bone cement treatment significantly shortened the wound healing time and reduced the number of debridements without increasing the incidence of complications.Trial RegistrationPROSPERO CRD42023406017
Long‐term clinical outcomes and healthcare resource utilization in male and female patients following hospitalization for heart failure
Authors: Averbuch Tauben , Lee Shun Fu , Zagorski Brandon , Pandey Ambarish , Petrie Mark C. , Biering‐Sorensen Tor , Xie Feng , Van Spall Harriette G.C. 
Published: November 2024

AimsHeart failure (HF) is a leading cause of hospitalization, and sex differences in care have been described. We assessed sex‐specific clinical outcomes and healthcare resource utilization following hospitalization for HF.Methods and resultsThis was an exploratory analysis of patients hospitalized for HF across 10 Canadian hospitals in the Patient‐Centered Care Transitions in HF (PACT‐HF) cluster‐randomized trial. The primary outcome was all‐cause mortality. Secondary outcomes included all‐cause readmissions, HF readmissions, emergency department (ED) visits, and healthcare resource utilization. Outcomes were obtained via linkages with administrative datasets. Among 4441 patients discharged alive, 50.7% were female. By 5 years, 63.6% and 65.5% of male and female patients, respectively, had died (p = 0.19); 85.4% and 84.4%, respectively, were readmitted (p = 0.35); and 72.2% and 70.9%, respectively, received ED care without hospitalization (p = 0.34). There were no sex differences in mean [SD] number of all‐cause readmissions (males, 2.8 [7.8] and females, 3.0 [8.4], p = 0.54), HF readmissions (males, 0.9 [3.6] and females, 0.9 [4.5], p = 0.80), or ED visits (males, 1.8 [11.3] and females, 1.5 [6.0], p = 0.24) per person. There were no sex differences in mean [SD] annual direct healthcare cost per patient (males, $80 334 [116 762] versus females, $81 010 [112 625], p = 0.90), but males received more specialist, multidisciplinary HF clinic, haemodialysis, and day surgical care, and females received more home visits, continuing/convalescent care, and long‐term care. Annualized clinical events were highest in first year following index discharge in both males and females.ConclusionsAmong people discharged alive after hospitalization for HF, there were no sex differences in total and annual deaths, readmissions, and ED visits, or in total direct healthcare costs. Despite similar risk profiles, males received relatively more specialist care and day surgical procedures, and females received more supportive care.Clinical Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02112227.
Alveolar epithelial cells shape lipopolysaccharide‐induced inflammatory responses and reprogramming of alveolar macrophages
Authors: Jiang Wei , Chen Yeying , Yu Cheng‐Yun , Zou Benkun , Lu Yimeng , Yang Qian , Tang Zihui , Mao Weiying , Li Jing , Han Han , Shao Lingyun , Zeng Jiashun , Chu Yiwei , Tang Jianguo , Lu Mingfang 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAlveolar macrophages (AMs) are sentinels in the airways, where they sense and respond to invading microbes and other stimuli. Unlike macrophages in other locations, AMs can remain responsive to Gram‐negative lipopolysaccharides (LPS) after they have responded to LPS in vivo (they do not develop “endotoxin tolerance”), suggesting that the alveolar microenvironment may influence their responses. Although alveolar epithelial cells (AECs) normally limit AMs’ innate responses, preventing inflammation induced by harmless antigens in the lung, how AECs influence the innate responses of AMs to infectious agents has been uncertain. Here we report that (1) after exposure to aspirated (intranasal instillation) LPS, AMs increase their responses to TLR agonists and elevate their phagocytic and bactericidal activities in mice; (2) Aspirated LPS pre‐exposure increases host resistance to pulmonary infection caused by Gram‐negative bacteria and the protection effect lasts for at least 35 days; (3) LPS stimulation of AECs both increases AMs’ innate immune responses and prevents AMs from developing tolerance in vitro; (4) Upon LPS stimulation, AMs secreted TNF‐α induces AECs to release GM‐CSF, which potentiates AMs’ response. These experiments have revealed a previously unappreciated role that AECs may play in boosting the innate responses of AMs and promoting resistance to pulmonary infections.
An Intramolecular Bis(Amino)Phosphine‐Stabilised Phosphinidene: Synthesis and CuCl Coordination
Authors: Kreimer Lisa N. , Hadlington Terrance J. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractExtending the available intramolecularly‐stabilised phosphinidene ligands, we report a novel naphthalene supported system derived from readily available starting materials. Specifically, 1,8‐bis(diaminophosphino)naphthalene, naphth‐1,8‐{P(NEt2)2}2 (1), reacts with ethereal HCl to form the mixed diphosphine naphth‐1‐(PCl2)‐8‐{P(NEt2)2} 2 as a phosphoranide Zwitterion, which is readily reduced with elemental Mg in forming the target intramolecularly‐stabilised phosphinidene 3. The electronic nature of this species is explored through computational DFT, NBO, and TD‐DFT analyses, indicating a high electron density at the PI centre, which delocalizes across the naphthalene ring lending this deep red‐purple compound its colour. The coordination capacity of 3 is demonstrated through its reaction with excess CuCl, which surprisingly leads to exclusive formation of the 2 : 1 complex of 3 to Cu, giving initial insights into the coordination chemistry of this novel ligand.
Uncertainty quantification for seismic response using dimensionality reduction‐based stochastic simulator
Authors: Kim Jungho , Wang Ziqi 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis paper introduces a stochastic simulator for seismic uncertainty quantification, which is crucial for performance‐based earthquake engineering. The proposed simulator extends the recently developed dimensionality reduction‐based surrogate modeling method (DR‐SM) to address high‐dimensional ground motion uncertainties and the high computational demands associated with nonlinear response history analyses. By integrating physics‐based dimensionality reduction with multivariate conditional distribution models, the proposed simulator efficiently propagates seismic input into multivariate response quantities of interest. The simulator can incorporate both aleatory and epistemic uncertainties and does not assume distribution models for the seismic responses. The method is demonstrated through three finite element building models subjected to synthetic and recorded ground motions. The proposed method effectively predicts multivariate seismic responses and quantifies uncertainties, including correlations among responses.
A Kalman filter‐Hungarian algorithm with a postprocessor for tracking aeolian saltating particle in high‐speed video
Authors: Mei Fanmin , Zhou Hongji , Su Jin , Chen Jinguang 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSaltating particle tracking (SPT) is an essential visualized channel to understand the dynamics of aeolian saltation at sand particle size scale, while the published SPTs could have low recall or accuracy rate and misestimate further saltation intensity. Hence, a Kalman filter‐Hungarian algorithm with a postprocessor (KF‐H‐k) was proposed, where the Kalman filter was employed for predicting particle motion, and the Hungarian algorithm for optimizing global assignment, as well as the postprocessor with k‐means cluster for correcting the erroneous recovered tracks by Kalman filter‐Hungarian algorithm. The new SPT was validated in a digital high‐speed video with various particle concentrations from a wind tunnel experiment. It demonstrated that compared with the previous SPTs, KF‐H‐k kept the highest and most stable accuracy (85% ~ 93%), the best spatial resolution, the moderate recall rate (50% ~ 70%) and time cost. The present work offers a new hybrid scheme for tracking sand particles accurately but alsodatasets for automatically identifying saltating tracks via machine learning models, very critical for insight into new hypothesis on sand ripple formation.
Machine Learning Applied to Lithium‐Ion Battery State Estimation for Electric Vehicles: Method Theoretical, Technological Status, and Future Development
Authors: Xiao Yang , Shi Xiong , Li Xiangmin , Duan Yifan , Li Xiyu , Zhang Jiaxing , Luo Tong , Wang Jiayang , Tan Yihang , Gao Zhenhai , Wang Deping , Yuan Quan 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTLithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) are extensively utilized in electric vehicles due to their high energy density and cost‐effectiveness. LIBs exhibit dynamic and nonlinear characteristics, which raise significant safety concerns for electric vehicles. Accurate and real‐time battery state estimation can enhance safety performance and prolong battery lifespan. With the rapid advancement of big data, machine learning (ML) holds substantial promise for state estimation. This paper systematically reviews several common ML algorithms, detailing the basic principles of each and illustrating their structures with flowcharts. We compare the advantages and disadvantages of various methods. Subsequently, we discuss feature extraction techniques employed in recent studies for estimating state of charge (SOC), state of health (SOH), state of power (SOP), and remaining useful life (RUL), as well as the application of these ML methods in state estimation. Finally, we discuss the challenges associated with using ML methods for state estimation and outline future development trends.
Machine‐Learning‐Based Accurate Prediction of Vanadium Redox Flow Battery Temperature Rise Under Different Charge–Discharge Conditions
Authors: Anirudh Narayan D. , Johar Akshat , Kalra Divye , Ardeshna Bhavya , Bhattacharjee Ankur 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTAccurate prediction of battery temperature rise is very essential for designing efficient thermal management scheme. In this paper, machine learning (ML)‐based prediction of vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB) thermal behavior during charge–discharge operation has been demonstrated for the first time. Considering different currents with a specified electrolyte flow rate, the temperature of a kW scale VRFB system is studied through experiments. Three different ML algorithms; linear regression (LR), support vector regression (SVR), and extreme gradient boost (XGBoost) have been used for prediction. The training and validation of ML algorithms have been done by the practical dataset of a 1 kW 6 kWh VRFB storage under 40 , 45, 50, and 60 A charge–discharge currents and 10 L min−1 of flow rate. A comparative analysis among ML algorithms is done by performance metrics such as correlation coefficient (R2), mean absolute error (MAE), and root mean square error (RMSE). XGBoost shows the highest R2 value of around 0.99, which indicates its higher prediction accuracy compared to other ML algorithms used. The ML‐based prediction results obtained in this work can be very useful for controlling the VRFB temperature rise during operation and act as an indicator toward further development of an optimized thermal management system.
Exploring Drought Responses in Mexican Soybeans: Plant Water Status, Shoot and Root Biomass, and Root System Architecture
Authors: García‐Rodríguez Julio C. , Manzo‐Valencia María K. , Olalde‐Portugal Víctor , Valdés‐Rodríguez Silvia E. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTDrought stress is the primary abiotic threat to soybean production. Drought tolerance mechanisms in Mexican soybeans have not yet been fully studied. We examined the responses of three Mexican soybean genotypes, with varying maturities, to progressive drought stress and recovery irrigation, regarding plant water status, biomass traits, root system architecture, and their relationships. Genotypes I1240, I700 (intermediate maturity), and E2309 (early maturity) were examined since they showed drought tolerance characteristics under field conditions in previous studies. Drought stress was applied at the R2 growth stage for 17 days, after that irrigation was restored. Control plants were irrigated normally throughout the study. Responses to severe drought stress were different depending on the genotype. Early genotype E2309 exhibited a wider root system and tolerated drought stress maintaining shoot biomass and root characteristics at a low plant water potential. Intermediate genotypes, I1240 and I700, avoided drought stress achieving a greater root system at a higher plant water potential. Due to drought, genotype I1240 showed a more prominent increase in root diameter; meanwhile, root biomass was not decreased in genotype I700. Genotype I700 displayed a longer root system with the highest root‐to‐shoot ratio and recovered root growth more efficiently after recovery irrigation. General effects also indicated a longer root system in this genotype. Therefore, it could be used as a genetic source to improve root traits to cope with drought. Morphological and biomass root traits are suitable for selecting drought stress–tolerant soybean genotypes.
Optimizing Probiotic Low‐Fat Yogurt: The Benefits of Incorporating Defatted Rice Bran for Enhanced Quality and Functionality
Authors: Alsaleem Khalid A. , Hamouda Mahmoud E. A. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThis study investigated the effects of incorporating defatted rice bran (DRB) at different concentrations (0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, and 2%) on the quality, microbiological, and sensory characteristics of probiotic low‐fat yogurt (LFY) during a 21‐day storage period at 4°C. DRB is rich in dietary fiber, essential amino acids, vitamins, and bioactive compounds, and its addition aimed to enhance the nutritional and functional properties of LFY. LFY samples were evaluated for proximate composition, hardness, viscosity, syneresis, color characteristics, rheology, and sensory evaluation. Also, microbiological analysis includes total bacterial counts (TBC), Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus, Streptococcus thermophilus, Bifidobacterium bifidum counts. Results indicated that DRB addition significantly (p < 0.05) increased probiotic counts, especially at 1% and 1.5% concentrations, with these samples maintaining higher bacterial stability over the storage period. DRB‐added LFY also showed improved nutritional profiles, with increased TS, protein, ash, fiber, and antioxidant activity. Additionally, hardness, viscosity, and rheology (G′ and G″) values significantly (p < 0.05) increased with the addition of DRB, while syneresis significantly (p < 0.05) decreased. However, higher DRB concentrations negatively affected the color, with lightness decreasing and the browning index increasing. This also impacted sensory characteristics, resulting in lower scores for color, flavor, and overall acceptability, particularly in LFY with 2% DRB. To conclude, moderate DRB addition (up to 1.5%) optimally balances the enhancement of probiotic and nutritional properties with acceptable sensory quality offering a viable strategy for producing functional low‐fat yogurt.
The addition of cannabis to prescription drug monitoring programs and medication fills in Medicaid
Authors: Steuart Shelby R. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractTo date, there is considerable evidence of the medical applications of cannabis, however concerns regarding the safety of cannabis are also mounting. To improve the safety of cannabis, nine states have added medical cannabis to their state PDMPs, helping providers to take patient cannabis use into consideration when making prescribing decisions. Across a variety of models using Medicaid State Drug Utilization claims data, I find statistically significant reductions in severely and moderately contraindicated medication fills across two outcomes. In my main specification, adding cannabis to a state PDMP is associated with a 14.4% (p < 0.01) and 7.74% (p < 0.001) decrease in the units per prescription, for severely and moderately contraindicated medications, respectively, as compared to states with legal medical cannabis dispensaries open. An interesting spillover effect of adding cannabis to PDMPs is an apparent decrease in the prescribing of scheduled narcotics, with Schedule II medications seeing a moderately significant decrease and Schedule IV medications seeing a 11.4% decrease (p < 0.01) in the prescribing rate and a 16.2% decrease (p < 0.001) in the units per prescription. The main analysis was conducted using the Borusyak et al. (2023) Imputation Estimator with a robustness check using the Callaway and Sant’Anna (2021) difference‐in‐difference. This work presents evidence that adding cannabis to a state PDMP impacts provider prescribing decisions involving medications that are contraindicated for use with cannabis as well as controlled substances. This paper demonstrates that adding cannabis to PDMPs influences prescribing and thus has the potential to make medical cannabis use safer. Conversely, this work indicates providers may have bias against patients who use cannabis and deny them life‐improving medications (like controlled ADHD medication or opioids) on the basis of medical cannabis use. This paper also contributes to the literature comparing DD outcomes estimated using Borusyak, Jaravel, and Spiess' (2023) Imputation Estimator and Callaway and Sant’Anna's (2021) DD Estimator.
The Prognostic Importance of Radiologic Extranodal Extension in Hypopharyngeal Carcinoma
Authors: Liao Yu‐Hao , Chen Ya‐Fang , Hsieh Min‐Shu , Lin Mei‐Chun , Wang Chun‐Wei , Wang Cheng‐Ping , Lou Pei‐Jen , Chen Tseng‐Cheng 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundExtranodal extension (ENE) had been included in the latest cancer staging system in hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HypoSCC). However, the impact of ENE on HypoSCC survival and treatment outcomes are still unclear.MethodsRecords from all HypoSCC patients diagnosed at the National Taiwan University Hospital from January 2007 to December 2018 were reviewed. All patients were divided into two groups, with or without ENE. Clinical features, pathological factors, and survival rates between the two groups were reviewed.ResultsWe analyzed data from 388 HypoSCC patients, 125 (32.22%) with and 263 (67.78%) without ENE. The 5‐year overall survival of the HypoSCC patients with radiological ENE, pathological ENE, and without ENE were 22.9%, 40.3%, and 55.5%. From the multivariate analysis, primary T3/T4 classification (p = 0.001) and radiological ENE (p < 0.001) were independent risk factors for disease‐free and overall survival (OS). Finally, upfront neck dissection may significantly benefit disease‐free survival (DFS) and neck nodal control in ENE+ (p = 0.002 and p = 0.007, respectively) or ENE− patients (p = 0.003 and p = 0.02, respectively).ConclusionMore than one‐third of HypoSCC patients have ENE, with significantly lower OS and DFS. The upfront neck dissection could provide better DFS and neck nodal control.