bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A method for multiparametric statistical quantification of the heterogeneity of free Na+concentration by19F MR spectroscopy: Proof of principlein silicoandin vitro
Authors: Lutz Norbert W. , Bernard Monique 
Published: July 2019

Sodium(I) (Na+) is one of the most important cations in mammalian tissues. Since Na+plays a key role in basic cell function, noninvasive methods for measuring intracellular concentrations of free sodium ions in biological tissue have been developed on the basis of19F NMR spectroscopy. However, intracellular Na+levels are often not uniform throughout a tissue volume (or voxel) being measured. In such cases, [Na+] heterogeneity is not reflected in results obtained by the classical technique, and may even result in biased average values. For this reason, we have designed an approach for quantifying [Na+] heterogeneity.First, the19F MRS resonance from FCrown‐1 serving as a “Na+probe” is transformed into a [Na+] curve. Then the digital points of the resulting [Na+] profile are used to construct a histogram with specially developed algorithms.From each [Na+] histogram, at least eight quantitative parameters describing the underlying statistical [Na+] distribution were computed: weighted median, weighted mean, standard deviation, range, mode(s), kurtosis, skewness, and entropy. In addition to our new paradigm, we present a first validation based on (i) computer simulations and (ii) experimentally obtained19F MR spectra of model solutions.This basic proof of principle warrants future in vivo experiments, in particular because of its ability to provide quantitative information complementary to that made available by commonly used23Na MRI: (i) multiparametric statistical characterization of [Na+] distributions; (ii) total [Na+] heterogeneity analysis not intrinsically limited by the size of any MRI voxels; and (iii) analysis of unequivocally intracellular [Na+], as opposed to measurement of a combination of intra‐and extracellular [Na+].
Epoxidation of Alkenes by Peracids: From Textbook Mechanisms to a Quantum Mechanically Derived Curly‐Arrow Depiction
Authors: Klein Johannes E. M. N. , Knizia Gerald , Rzepa Henry S. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractUsing the intrinsic bond orbital (IBO) analysis based on accurate quantum mechanical calculations of the reaction path for the epoxidation of propene using peroxyacetic acid, we find that the four commonly used curly arrows for representing this reaction mechanism are insufficient and that seven curly arrows are required as a result of changes to σ and π bonding interactions, which are usually neglected in all textbook curly arrow representations. The IBO method provides a convenient quantitative method for deriving curly arrows in a rational manner rather than the normalad hocrepresentations used ubiquitously in teaching organic chemistry.
Mannose‐Modified Multi‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes as a Delivery Nanovector Optimizing the Antigen Presentation of Dendritic Cells
Authors: Dong Zhipeng , Wang Qiyan , Huo Ming , Zhang Nanxia , Li Bingxia , Li Hongmei , Xu Yisong , Chen Meng , Hong Hao , Wang Yue 
Published: July 2019

AbstractDendritic cells (DCs) based cancer immunotherapy is largely dependent on adequate antigen delivery and efficient induction of DCs maturation to produce sufficient antigen presentation and ultimately lead to substantial activation of tumor‐specific CD8+ T cells. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have attracted great attention in biomedicine because of their unique physicochemical properties. In order to effectively deliver tumor antigens to DCs and trigger a strong anti‐tumor immune response, herein, a specific DCs target delivery system was assembled by using multi‐walled carbon nanotubes modified with mannose which can specifically bind to the mannose receptor on DCs membrane. Ovalbumin (OVA) as a model antigen, could be adsorbed on the surface of mannose modified multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (Man‐MWCNTs) with a large drug loading content. This nanotube‐antigen complex showed low cytotoxicity to DCs and was efficiently engulfed by DCs to induce DCs maturation and cytokine release in vitro, indicating that it could be a potent antigen‐adjuvant nanovector of efficient antigen delivery for therapeutic purpose.
Potential benefits of arginine formulation in oral health care products
Authors: Ahsan Haseeb 
Published: July 2019

AbstractArginine (Arg) is derived from dietary intake, body protein breakdown, and endogenous Arg production, and is also present in saliva. Arg has been introduced as an additive in toothpaste and other fluoride‐containing dental care products and is now being promoted as more efficacious than conventional fluoride‐only toothpaste for the prevention of dental caries. Arg inclusion in dentifrice could potentially inhibit oral biofilm formation and destabilize dental plaque. Arg is expected to inhibit oral biofilm formation and destabilize complex aggregates in dental plaque and its inclusion in mouth rinse could facilitate oral biofilm removal. The destabilization of the oral biofilm by Arg may facilitate the removal of dental plaque during routine oral care. Since removing this solid biological plaque from tooth surfaces by water rinsing or brushing can be difficult, Arg metabolism in oral biofilms leading to an increase in pH decreases the risk for caries development. Moreover, clinical data have shown that Arg‐containing toothpaste increased benefits leading to the prevention of dental caries. However, there are concerns regarding the use of Arg dentifrice in caries progression or regression and some studies contradict the claims of Arg benefits in caries progression or regression.
The effectiveness of busulfan‐based conditioning regimens for stem cell transplantation against lymphomas in children, adolescents, and young adults in Japan
Authors: Hori Daiki , Kobayashi Ryoji , Fujita Naoto , Suzumiya Junji , Suzuki Ritsuro , Kato Koji , Kawata Takahito , Fukuda Takahiro , Inoue Masami , Goto Hiroaki , Hama Asahito , Iwato Koji , Okumura Hirokazu , Eto Tetsuya , Hashii Yoshiko , Atsuta Yoshiko , Mitsui Tetsuo 
Published: July 2019

AbstractConditioning regimens for stem cell transplantation (SCT) involving total body irradiation (TBI) are generally preferred over busulfan (BU)‐based ones for lymphoid malignancies. However, reports of favorable results using BU against lymphomas have recently emerged. This study sought to compare the effectiveness of BU and TBI regimens for SCT against lymphomas. We retrospectively analyzed 893 lymphoma patients who underwent primary SCT in Japan between 1980 and 2015. The median age of all patients was 18 years (range, 0–30 years) with 589 males, 303 females, and 1 patient whose sex was unknown. Overall survival (OS) was not different between those receiving BU and TBI (P = 0.672). OS in patients receiving autologous SCT was significantly better with BU over TBI regimens (P = 0.038), particularly in children (0–15 years) (P = 0.024). Conversely, OS in adolescents and young adults (AYAs; 16–30 years) receiving allogeneic SCT was significantly worse with BU over TBI regimens (P = 0.035). Overall, BU regiments had comparable effectiveness to TBI conditioning regimens, and, although less effective for AYAs with allogeneic SCT, were particularly more effective than TBI regimens for children who received autologous SCT.
The role of ultrasound in the choice between chorionic villus sampling and amniocentesis for patients with a positive NIPT result for trisomy 18/13
Authors: Zhen Li , Yang Yan‐Dong , Li Yu‐Juan , Xu Li‐Li , Li Dong‐Zhi 
Published: July 2019

What's already known about this topic?

Positive predict value (PPV) is vitally important because it indicates the probability that a positive test result represents a true fetal abnormality.
PPV of noninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT) is lower for trisomy 18/13 compared with trisomy 21.
What does this study add?

In our study cohort of women with a high‐risk noninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT) result and normal nuchal translucency measurement, >90% (32/35) of cases with true fetal trisomy 18/13 had a fetal abnormality on ultrasound, compared with none of the fetuses with confined placental mosaicism and normal amniocentesis result.
Detailed sonographic examination of the fetus following a high‐risk NIPT result for trisomy 13/18 is an important component of clinical management and may influence the choice of confirmatory prenatal diagnostic procedure.
Synthesis and analysis of thermal characteristics of polybenzoxazine based on phenol and 3‐Amino phenyl boronic acid
Authors: İpek Halil , Hacaloğlu Jale 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTIn this work, 3‐amino phenyl boronic acid (AB) was used as an aniline derivative in the preparation of polybenzoxazine based on phenol. In order to investigate the effect of boronic acid on thermal characteristics, polybenzoxazines based on pure aniline and 50% aniline and AB mixture were also prepared and analyzed. Significant improvements in thermal characteristics, increase in thermal stability and char yield, was recorded for the polymers based on AB or its mixture. This behavior was associated with crosslinked structures generated by condensation reactions of BOH groups. Morphologic and thermal characteristics of polybenzoxazines samples were investigated by NMR, FTIR, DSC, TGA, and direct pyrolysis mass spectrometry (DP‐MS) techniques. Application of DP‐MS technique also supplied additional information on crosslinked structures produced by boronic acid units. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2019, 57, 1711–1716
Multi‐temporal 3D point cloud‐based quantification and analysis of geomorphological activity at an alpine rock glacier using airborne and terrestrial LiDAR
Authors: Zahs Vivien , Hämmerle Martin , Anders Katharina , Hecht Stefan , Sailer Rudolf , Rutzinger Martin , Williams Jack G. , Höfle Bernhard 
Published: July 2019

AbstractChange analysis of rock glaciers is crucial to analyzing the adaptation of surface and subsurface processes to changing environmental conditions at different timescales because rock glaciers are considered as potentially unstable slopes and solid water reservoirs. To quantify surface change in complex surface topographies with varying surface orientation and roughness, a full three‐dimensional (3D) change analysis is required. This study therefore proposes a novel approach for accurate 3D point cloud‐based quantification and analysis of geomorphological activity on rock glaciers. It is applied to the lower tongue area of the Äußeres Hochebenkar rock glacier, Ötztal Alps, Austria. Multi‐temporal and multi‐source topographic LiDAR data are used to quantify surface changes and to reveal their spatial and temporal characteristics at different timescales within the period 2006–2018. LiDAR‐based examinations are complemented with subsurface characteristics obtained from electrical resistivity tomography. This combined approach reveals active and variable spatial and temporal surface dynamics in the investigated area, with minimum detectable change between 0.09 and 0.65 m at 95% confidence. Given that this approach overcomes current uncertainties in established methods of differentiating complex rock glacier surfaces, we consider it a valuable addition that can be applied to objects of similar properties such as landslides or glaciers.
Assessing the durability, stability, and usability of genetic resistance to a non‐native fungal pathogen in two pine species
Authors: Sniezko Richard A. , Johnson Jeremy S. , Savin Douglas P. 
Published: July 2019

Societal Impact StatementDamage to white pine forests by white pine blister rust, caused by the non‐native invasive fungal pathogenCronartium ribicola, is affecting people across western North America. The loss of white pine forests can impact economic opportunities as well as ecosystem and human well‐being. In this paper we quantify the durability, stability, and usability of natural genetic resistance to the disease in two white pine species using long‐term field trials. By combining quantitative genetic resistance breeding programs with data from field validation trials, land managers and policy makers will be able to better ensure healthy forests for the future.SummaryMany tree species are susceptible to non‐native pathogens or pests. Their level of susceptibility can be so severe that they are extirpated, and their use for forest restoration or reforestation is curtailed. Programs to find, enhance, and utilize genetic resistance in tree species are underway. Because trees are long‐lived, resistance must be effective for decades to centuries to be useful. Resistance needs to be durable, stable, and present at a useful level. Field plantings provide the best opportunity to assess resistance durability and stability across a range of environments.In this paper we examine the durability and stability of resistance levels, previously identified in seedling screening trials, of two white pine species,Pinus monticola(western white pine) andP. lambertiana(sugar pine) to white pine blister rust, using eight 15 to 20‐year‐old field trials in Oregon and northern California.We found that resistance varies for each host species and in different environments. Major gene resistance (MGR) may have limited utility and the search for resistance should include all types of resistance, as quantitative disease resistance (QDR) appears to be more durable than MGR in the long term at many sites in our study.Our data provide encouragement and support for the use of long‐term field validation studies in combination with quantitative genetic resistance breeding programs. We advocate for an increased use of field trials to ensure that resistance is effective for restoration and recovery against invasive pathogens and pests.
Balance between DNA‐binding affinity and specificity enables selective recognition of longer target sequences in vivo
Authors: Sunami Tomoko , Kono Hidetoshi 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAlthough genome‐editing enzymes such as TALEN and CRISPR/Cas9 are being widely used, they have an essential limitation in that their relatively high‐molecular weight makes them difficult to be delivered to cells. To develop a novel genome‐editing enzyme with a smaller molecular weight, we focused on the engrailed homeodomain (EHD). We designed and constructed proteins composed of two EHDs connected by a linker to increase sequence specificity. In bacterial one‐hybrid assays and electrophoresis mobility shift assay analyses, the created proteins exhibited good affinity for DNA sequences consisting of two tandemly aligned EHD target sequences. However, they also bound to individual EHD targets. To avoid binding to single target sites, we introduced amino acid mutations to reduce the protein–DNA affinity of each EHD monomer and successfully created a small protein with high specificity for tandem EHD target sequences.
F508del disturbs the dynamics of the nucleotide binding domains of CFTR before and after ATP hydrolysis
Authors: Abreu Bárbara , Lopes Emanuel F. , Oliveira A. S. F. , Soares Cláudio M. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) channel is an ion channel responsible for chloride transport in epithelia and it belongs to the class of ABC transporters. The deletion of phenylalanine 508 (F508del) in CFTR is the most common mutation responsible for cystic fibrosis. Little is known about the effect of the mutation in the isolated nucleotide binding domains (NBDs), on dimer dynamics, ATP hydrolysis and even on nucleotide binding. Using molecular dynamics simulations of the human CFTR NBD dimer, we showed that F508del increases, in the prehydrolysis state, the inter‐motif distance in both ATP binding sites (ABP) when ATP is bound. Additionally, a decrease in the number of catalytically competent conformations was observed in the presence of F508del. We used the subtraction technique to study the first 300 ps after ATP hydrolysis in the catalytic competent site and found that the F508del dimer evidences lower conformational changes than the wild type. Using longer simulation times, the magnitude of the conformational changes in both forms increases. Nonetheless, the F508del dimer shows lower C‐α RMS values in comparison to the wild‐type, on the F508del loop, on the residues surrounding the catalytic site and the portion of NBD2 adjacent to ABP1. These results provide evidence that F508del interferes with the NBD dynamics before and after ATP hydrolysis. These findings shed a new light on the effect of F508del on NBD dynamics and reveal a novel mechanism for the influence of F508del on CFTR.
Discovery of receptor‐ligand interfaces in the immunoglobulin superfamily
Authors: Gil Nelson , Fajardo Eduardo J. , Fiser Andras 
Published: July 2019

AbstractCell‐surface‐anchored immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) proteins are widespread throughout the human proteome, forming crucial components of diverse biological processes including immunity, cell‐cell adhesion, and carcinogenesis. IgSF proteins generally function through protein‐protein interactions carried out between extracellular, membrane‐bound proteins on adjacent cells, known as trans‐binding interfaces. These protein‐protein interactions constitute a class of pharmaceutical targets important in the treatment of autoimmune diseases, chronic infections, and cancer. A molecular‐level understanding of IgSF protein‐protein interactions would greatly benefit further drug development. A critical step toward this goal is the reliable identification of IgSF trans‐binding interfaces. We propose a novel combination of structure and sequence information to identify trans‐binding interfaces in IgSF proteins. We developed a structure‐based binding interface prediction approach that can identify broad regions of the protein surface that encompass the binding interfaces and suggests that IgSF proteins possess binding supersites. These interfaces could theoretically be pinpointed using sequence‐based conservation analysis, with performance approaching the theoretical upper limit of binding interface prediction accuracy, but achieving this in practice is limited by the current ability to identify an appropriate multiple sequence alignment for conservation analysis. However, an important contribution of combining the two orthogonal methods is that agreement between these approaches can estimate the reliability of the predictions. This approach was benchmarked on the set of 22 IgSF proteins with experimentally solved structures in complex with their ligands. Additionally, we provide structure‐based predictions and reliability scores for the 62 IgSF proteins with known structure but yet uncharacterized binding interfaces.
Monitoring Ethylene in Plants: Genetically Encoded Reporters and Biosensors
Authors: Fernandez‐Moreno Josefina‐Patricia , Stepanova Anna N. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractPhytohormone ethylene regulates numerous aspects of plant physiology, from fruit ripening to pathogen responses. The molecular basis of ethylene biosynthesis and action has been investigated for over 40 years, and a combination of biochemistry, genetics, cell, and molecular biology have proven successful at uncovering the core machinery of the ethylene pathway. A number of molecular tools have been developed over the years that enable visualization of the sites of ethylene production and response in the plant. Genetically encoded biosensors take advantage of reporter proteins, i.e., fluorescent, luminescent, or colorimetric markers, to highlight the tissues that make, perceive, or respond to the hormone. This review describes the different types of biosensors currently available to the ethylene community and discusses potential new strategies for developing the next generation of genetically encoded ethylene reporters.
Novel chaotic map‐based privacy‐preserving authenticated key agreement scheme without the electricity service provider involvement
Authors: Abbasinezhad‐Mood Dariush , Ostad‐Sharif Arezou , Nikooghadam Morteza 
Published: July 2019

AbstractDevising proper security measures to protect the usage reports of customers against unauthorized accesses is of prime importance. Authenticated key agreement schemes are one of the solutions, which are extensively used to provide secure data reading from the smart meters. Over the past decade, a number of key agreement protocols have been proposed for the smart meters that are covered by the smart grid data communication network. However, there are only two schemes, which have been presented quite recently particularly for the isolated smart meters. Since these schemes rely on the Internet and for each key agreement, the electricity service provider needs to involve, in this paper, we propose a novel anonymous authenticated key agreement scheme that is free from the electricity service provider entanglement. Further, the proposed scheme takes the advantage of substantial reduction in the communication overhead. The security of the presented scheme has been formally validated using the well‐known ProVerif tool and random oracle model and its efficiency has been analyzed in comparison to the related ones. The outcome indicates the superiority of the proposed scheme to be employed for the isolated smart meters.
Anwendungsregeln für Slim‐Floor‐Träger unter Berücksichtigung von Sicherheit, Funktionalität und Nachhaltigkeit
Authors: Kuhlmann Ulrike , Lam Dennis , Zandonini Riccardo , Aggeloupolos Eleftherios , Tibolt Mike , Sheehan Therese , Baldassino Nadia , Labory Francoise , Schorr Johannes 
Published: July 2019

AbstractSlim‐Floor‐Träger als teilweise einbetonierte Verbundträger erlauben besonders geringe Konstruktionshöhen bei dennoch großen Spannweiten. Das Ziel des europäischen Forschungsprojekts „SlimAPP – Slim‐Floor Beams – Preparation of Application rules in view of improved safety, functionality and LCA“ war die Verbesserung der Wettbewerbsfähigkeit von Stahlanwendungen in Gebäuden durch die Entwicklung von verlässlichen und vorteilhaften Anwendungsregeln für Slim‐Floor‐Träger in Bezug auf Sicherheit, Funktionalität und Lebenszyklusbewertungen. Neben einem ganzheitlichen Ansatz, der alle Gesichtspunkte eines optimalen technischen und nachhaltigen Entwurfs berücksichtigt, wurde ein besonderer Schwerpunkt auf den Einfluss der Schubtragfähigkeit von effizienten Verbundmitteln aus Betondübeln mit Bewehrungsstählen gelegt. Für Slim‐Floor‐Träger, die bisher im Eurocode 4 nicht berücksichtigt sind, wurde die Anwendung der bekannten Bemessungsregeln geprüft und zum Teil neue Regeln für die Bemessung insbesondere der Betondübel entwickelt. Mithilfe von Beispielen verschiedener Slim‐Floor‐Lösungen wird die Bemessung im Grenzzustand der Tragfähigkeit und Gebrauchstauglichkeit erläutert und mit einer ganzheitlichen Lebenszyklusanalyse untereinander verglichen.
Slim‐Floor‐Konstruktion ohne Kompromisse
Authors: Schaaf Sascha 
Published: July 2019

AbstractEin Fußballstadion ist kein konventionelles Gebäude des klassischen Hochbaus. Hier treffen kombinierte Anforderungen, wie großzügige VIP‐Lounges und auch der Tribünenbau, zusammen. Der barrierefreie Wechsel zwischen Innen‐ und Außenbereichen ist eine Herausforderung für die Planung und Umsetzung der Anforderungen an die Dauerhaftigkeit und die Gebrauchstauglichkeit. Alle differenzierten Anforderungen, verbunden mit einer möglichst kurzen Bauzeit, optimal in Einklang zu bringen, ist bei diesem Projekt besonders eindrucksvoll gelungen (Bild 1).