bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nonlinear resonances in linear segmented Paul trap of short central segment
Authors: Kłosowski Łukasz , Piwiński Mariusz , Pleskacz Katarzyna , Wójtewicz Szymon , Lisak Daniel 
Published: March 2018

AbstractLinear segmented Paul trap system has been prepared for ion mass spectroscopy experiments. A nonstandard approach to stability of trapped ions is applied to explain some effects observed with ensembles of calcium ions. Trap's stability diagram is extended to 3‐dimensional one using additional ∆a besides standard q and a stability parameters. Nonlinear resonances in (q, ∆a) diagrams are observed and described with a proposed model. The resonance lines have been identified using simple simulations and comparing the numerical and experimental results. The phenomenon can be applied in electron‐impact ionization experiments for mass identification of obtained ions or purification of their ensembles.
Bilingualism and Creativity: Towards a Situated Cognition Approach
Authors: van Dijk Marloes , Kroesbergen Evelyn H. , Blom Elma , Leseman Paul P. M. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractIn this paper, the association between bilingualism and creativity is investigated. In the first part, the results of a literature review are reported. Previous research predominantly found that bilinguals outperform monolinguals on creativity tasks, which was explained by bilinguals’ enhanced executive functioning compared to monolinguals, and their experience with multiple cultures. Most previous research has examined the relationship between bilingualism and creativity within a psychological trait framework, which does not take into account that cognitive processes are regarded to be situated‐embodied, meaning that they are influenced by environmental factors, and by a person's perceptions of and actions towards these environmental factors. In the second part, we discuss an alternative approach, in which creativity can be defined as the emerging skill of an individual to discover affordances, to come up with creative ideas and products. Recommendations for future research are discussed as well.
Chemical behavior of croconic acid coordinated to Co(II) adsorbed on silver surface
Authors: Milán‐Garcés Erix A. , Georgopoulos Stéfanos Leite , Sant'Ana Antonio Carlos , Andrade Gustavo F.S. , de Oliveira Luiz Fernando Cappa 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe vibrational properties of croconic acid (CA), the associated anionic specie croconate (CR), and their complexes with the transition metals Co(II) were investigated through surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectroscopy. This is the first time the SERS spectra of CA and CR are reported. The normal Raman spectrum of CA after the addition of Co(II) was similar to the corresponding spectrum of CR in the presence of Co(II), suggesting the dissociative coordination of CA with Co(II) cation. Similar behavior occurs when CA and Co(II) coadsorb on silver nanoparticle surfaces as seen by SERS spectroscopy. In the same way, the SERS spectra of CA and CR have similar spectral patterns suggesting dissociative adsorption on the metallic nanoparticle surface. The SERS spectra of CR show changes with both concentration and pH values suggesting that according to the concentration of the oxocarbon, the structural arrangements of the adsorbates on the silver surfaces change, due to a decrease of intermolecular π–π interactions between neighboring rings.
Broadband noncollinear optical parametric amplification under low‐frequency picosecond pump in homogeneous KTP crystal
Authors: Vereshchagin K.A. , Morozov V.B. , Tunkin V.G. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe nature of cubic and cascaded quadratic nonlinear responses in the KTiOPO4 crystal under picosecond pump is studied. The main attention is paid to determination of the origin and properties of the blue radiation accompanying the red light amplification process (the central wavelength ~685 nm, bandwidth ~20 nm) in a noncollinear optical parametric amplifier (NOPA) pumped by the second‐harmonic radiation of the picosecond Nd:YAG laser (532 nm). In NOPA, the amplified seed radiation (ωs) becomes so intense that it can participate in any nonlinear three‐wave interaction and also can play the role of the Stokes wave in the in the coherent anti‐Stokes Raman scattering‐process in which powerful pump radiation (ωp) of the main parametric process serves both as the pump wave and the probe wave. Possible causes of the blue light emanating from the KTP crystal and the mechanisms for their realization are analyzed. We interpret the ring of blue light around the axis located between the directions of propagation of the green pump beam and the red beam of the amplified seed radiation, as the emission of amplified parametric fluorescence (signal wave) under low‐frequency pump. This phenomenon can be used for effective amplification in picosecond NOPA of weak anti‐Stokes radiation in the experiments with time‐resolved broadband picosecond coherent Anti‐Stokes Raman Scattering.
Growing Azolla to produce sustainable protein feed: the effect of differing species and CO2 concentrations on biomass productivity and chemical composition
Authors: Brouwer Paul , Schluepmann Henriette , Nierop Klaas GJ , Elderson Janneke , Bijl Peter K , van der Meer Ingrid , de Visser Willem , Reichart Gert‐Jan , Smeekens Sjef , van der Werf Adrie 
Published: March 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDSince available arable land is limited and nitrogen fertilizers pollute the environment, cropping systems ought to be developed that do not rely on them. Here we investigate the rapidly growing, N2‐fixing Azolla/Nostoc symbiosis for its potential productivity and chemical composition to determine its potential as protein feed.RESULTSIn a small production system, cultures of Azolla pinnata and Azolla filiculoides were continuously harvested for over 100 days, yielding an average productivity of 90.0–97.2 kg dry weight (DW) ha−1 d−1. Under ambient CO2 levels, N2 fixation by the fern's cyanobacterial symbionts accounted for all nitrogen in the biomass. Proteins made up 176–208 g kg−1 DW (4.9 × total nitrogen), depending on species and CO2 treatment, and contained more essential amino acids than protein from soybean. Elevated atmospheric CO2 concentrations (800 ppm) significantly boosted biomass production by 36–47%, without decreasing protein content. Choice of species and CO2 concentrations further affected the biomass content of lipids (79–100 g kg−1 DW) and (poly)phenols (21–69 g kg−1 DW).CONCLUSIONSBy continuous harvesting, high protein yields can be obtained from Azolla cultures, without the need for nitrogen fertilization. High levels of (poly)phenols likely contribute to limitations in the inclusion rate of Azolla in animal diets and need further investigation. © 2018 The Authors. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Effect of heat treatment on 4′‐O‐methylpyridoxine (MPN) content in Ginkgo biloba seed extract solution
Authors: Lim Heung‐Bin , Kim Dong‐Ho 
Published: March 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDA vitamin B6 derivative, 4′‐O‐methylpyridoxine (MPN), is responsible for food poisoning by Ginkgo biloba seeds. In this study, we investigate the content of pyridoxine and MPN in MPN standard solution and G. biloba seed extract solution upon heat treatment in order to evaluate the reduction of toxic components in G. biloba seed by such treatment.RESULTSHeat treatment was conducted at 90–150 °C for 0–60 min, and all samples were adjusted to the same concentration of 1 g L−1. The MPN content decreased to 994.92–563.69 mg kg−1 for MPN standard solution and to 371.56–76.84 mg kg−1 for G. biloba seed extract solution, and in both cases decreased even further with increasing heat treatment time. However, in all samples, except for the 90 °C heat treatment group, the pyridoxine content in MPN standard solution increased with increasing heat temperature and time; in addition, the extract solution showed a similar tendency. This may be the result of thermal degradation of MPN into pyridoxine.CONCLUSIONWe can expect to improve the utilization of functional food materials by applying suitable heat treatment conditions and decreasing the MPN content of the G. biloba seed. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Mathematical modeling of the adsorption/desorption characteristics of anthocyanins from muscadine (Vitis rotundifolia cv. Noble) juice pomace on Amberlite FPX66 resin in a fixed bed column
Authors: Uzdevenes Chad G , Gao Chi , Sandhu Amandeep K , Yagiz Yavuz , Gu Liwei 
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDMuscadine grape pomace, a by‐product of juicing and wine‐making, contains significant amounts of anthocyanin 3,5‐diglucosides, known to be beneficial to human health.RESULTSThe objective of this research was to use mathematical modeling to investigate the adsorption/desorption characteristics of these anthocyanins from muscadine grape pomace on Amberlite FPX66 resin in a fixed bed column. Anthocyanins were extracted using hot water and ultrasound, and the extracts were loaded onto a resin column at five bed depths (5, 6, 8, 10 and 12 cm) using three flow rates (4, 6 and 8 mL min−1). It was found that adsorption on the column fitted the bed depth service time (BDST) model and the empty bed residence time (EBRT) model. Desorption was achieved by eluting the column using ethanol at four concentrations (25, 40, 55 and 70% v/v) and could be described with an empirical sigmoid model. The breakthrough curves of anthocyanins fitted the BDST model for all three flow rates with R2 values of 0.983, 0.992 and 0.984 respectively. The EBRT model was successfully employed to find the operating lines, which allow for column scale‐up while still achieving similar results to those found in a laboratory operation. Desorption with 40% (v/v) ethanol achieved the highest recovery rate of anthocyanins at 79.6%.CONCLUSIONThe mathematical models established in this study can be used in designing a pilot/industrial‐ scale column for the separation and concentration of anthocyanins from muscadine juice pomace. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Sedative–hypnotic and anxiolytic effects and the mechanism of action of aqueous extracts of peanut stems and leaves in mice
Authors: Deng Lei , Shi Ai‐Min , Wang Qiang 
Published: March 2018

AbstractINTRODUCTIONPeanut stems and leaves (PSL) have traditionally been used as both a special food and a herbal medicine in Asia. The sedative–hypnotic and anxiolytic effects of PSL have been recorded in classical traditional Chinese literature, and more recently by many other researchers. In a previous study, four sleep‐related ingredients (linalool, 5‐hydroxy‐4′,7‐dimethoxyflavanone, 2′‐O‐methylisoliquiritigenin and ferulic acid), among which 5‐hydroxy‐4′,7‐dimethoxyflavanone and 2′‐O‐methylisoliquiritigenin were newly found in Arachis species, were screened by ultrahigh‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC/QTOF‐MS). In the current study, quantitative examination of the above four ingredients was conducted. Serious fundamental functional studies were done in mice, including locomotor activity, direct sleep tests, pentobarbital‐induced sleeping time tests, subthreshold dose of pentobarbital tests and barbital sodium sleep incubation period tests, to determine the material base for the sedative–hypnotic and anxiolytic effects of aqueous extracts of PSL. Furthermore, neurotransmitter levels in three brain regions (cerebrum, cerebellum and brain stem) were determined using UHPLC coupled with triple‐quadrupole mass spectrometry (UHPLC/QQQ‐MS) in order to elucidate the exact mechanism of action.RESULTSAqueous extract of PSL at a dose of 500 mg kg−1 (based on previous experience), along with different concentrations of the above four functional ingredients (189.86 µg kg−1 linalool, 114.75 mg kg−1 5‐hydroxy‐4′,7‐dimethoxyflavanone, 32.4mg kg−1 2′‐O‐methylisoliquiritigenin and 44.44 mg kg−1 ferulic acid), had a sedative−hypnotic effect by affecting neurotransmitter levels in mice.CONCLUSIONThe data demonstrate that these four ingredients are the key functional factors for the sedative–hypnotic and anxiolytic effects of PSL aqueous extracts and that these effects occur via changes in neurotransmitter levels and pathways. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Importance of weather monitoring for agricultural decision‐making – an exploratory behavioral study for Oklahoma Mesonet
Authors: Ziolkowska Jadwiga R , Zubillaga Jesus 
Published: March 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe Oklahoma Mesonet (the statewide environmental and weather monitoring network) has monitored changes in weather patterns since 1994 to provide accurate and timely mesoscale weather information to farmers and other groups. Studies are still scarce that would quantitatively assess farmers' perceptions about the value of the Oklahoma Mesonet contributions to agricultural operations, profitability of land management, and decision making. This paper aims to analyze those questions by means of an exploratory empirical study in Oklahoma for two groups of Mesonet users and non‐users.RESULTSFamiliarity with and application of Mesonet information determines farmers' profitability assessments and decision making. Farmers' perceptions are also influenced by the degree of previous exposure to weather‐related losses. The median estimate of the economic value of Mesonet information is $1000 per year. Mesonet users perceive higher profitability from the application of Mesonet data at 7.6/10, whereas Mesonet non‐users provided an average assessment of 2.6/10.CONCLUSIONSConsistent use of Mesonet information results in a higher assessment of the importance of Mesonet. This research provides some initial insights into farmers' perceptions about the value of Oklahoma Mesonet information, which could guide stakeholders in developing measures to better serve farmers with environmental monitoring data for improved farm decisions. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Determination of changes in the concentration and distribution of elements within olive drupes (cv. Leccino) from Se biofortified plants, using laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry
Authors: D'Amato Roberto , Petrelli Maurizio , Proietti Primo , Onofri Andrea , Regni Luca , Perugini Diego , Businelli Daniela 
Published: March 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDBiofortification of food crops has been used to increase the intake of Se in the human diet, even though this may change the concentration of other elements and modify the nutritional properties of the enriched food. Selenium biofortification programs should include routine assessment of the overall mineral composition of enriched plants.RESULTSLaser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA ICP‐MS) was used for the assessment of mineral composition of table olives. Olive trees were fertilized with sodium selenate before flowering. At harvest, the edible parts of drupes proved to be significantly enriched in Se, delivering 6.1 μg g−1 (39% of the RDA for five olives). Such enrichment was followed by significant changes in the concentrations of B, Mg, K, Cr, Mn, Fe and Cu in edible parts, which are discussed for their impact on food quality.CONCLUSIONThe biofortification of olive plants has allowed the enrichment of fruits with selenium. Enrichment with selenium has caused an increase in the concentration of other elements, which can change the nutritional quality of the drupes. The analytical technique used well as a valuable tool for routinely determining the chemical composition of all fruit parts. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Evaluation of postharvest calcium treatment and biopreservation with Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG on the quality of fresh‐cut ‘Conference’ pears
Authors: Zudaire Lorena , Viñas Inmaculada , Plaza Lucía , Iglesias María Belén , Abadias Maribel , Aguiló‐Aguayo Ingrid 
Published: March 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDBiological preservation with probiotic bacteria has arisen as an alternative to control the growth of foodborne pathogens on food. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of postharvest calcium application and biopreservation with Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG on the quality and bioaccessibility of total phenolic content and antioxidant activity in fresh‐cut pears.RESULTSThe immersion of whole pears in a calcium chloride solution did not provide added value. Despite the increase in observed activity of PME and PPO enzymes in fresh‐cut pears during storage, the browning index and firmness values were constant for all samples. The antioxidant properties, including antioxidant activity, total phenolic content and vitamin C content, were maintained during storage, but a significant decrease was observed after in vitro simulated digestion. Ca/LGG samples showed the lowest calcium content (1.75 ± 0.00 g kg−1) after 9 d of storage at 4 °C. In general, the overall visual quality scores were higher in fresh‐cut pears treated with L. rhamnosus GG than in non‐treated pears, with the highest values in the NoCa/LGG (7.7 ± 0.2) samples after 9 d at 4 °C.CONCLUSIONFresh‐cut pears with a postharvest treatment of calcium and immersed in a solution containing antioxidant agents and probiotic bacteria could be a suitable alternative to dairy products for maintaining the overall quality of fruit for up to 9 d of storage. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Development of 55” 4K UHD OLED TV employing the internal gate IC with high reliability and short channel IGZO TFTs
Authors: Noh Ji Yong , Han Dong Min , Jeong Woo Cheol , Kim Jong Woo , Cha Soo Youle 
Published: March 2018

AbstractWe investigated oxide TFT backplane technology to employ the internal gate driver IC (GIP circuit) on 55” 4K OLED TV panel. For the GIP circuit, we developed the high reliability oxide TFTs, especially only ∆0.4 V Vth degradation under 100‐h long‐term PBTS stress and the short channel length TFTs (L = 4.5um) for narrow bezel. Consequently, we demonstrated the 55‐in 4K OLED TV employing the internal gate IC with high reliability and short channel IGZO TFTs.
Wedge guides and pupil steering for mixed reality
Authors: Travis Adrian R.L. , Chen Liying , Georgiou Andreas , Chu Jiaqi , Kollin Joel 
Published: March 2018

AbstractWe suggest folding the optics of a classic‐mixed reality display into a slim wedge light guide with holographic combiner so that the pupil of a projector near the ear is imaged onto the pupil of the eye. Such folding makes the pupil of the virtual image small, so when gaze wanders, the image pupil should be switched between appropriate positions by shearing the combiner. Modeling indicates that if a phase plate corrects distortion for the ray to the fovea center, the rest of the image can be scanned at adequate resolution provided that a cylindrical mirror varies focal power in the horizontal.
Should surgery be part of the multimodality treatment for stage IIIB non‐small cell lung cancer?
Authors: Collaud Stéphane , Provost Bastien , Besse Benjamin , Fabre Dominique , Le Chevalier Thierry , Mercier Olaf , Mussot Sacha , Fadel Elie 
Published: March 2018

BackgroundTraditionally, treatment for stage IIIB (T4N2M0 and T1‐4N3M0) NSCLC consists in definitive chemoradiation. Surgery is used only anecdotally. Here, we studied outcome for patients treated with multimodality including surgery.MethodsPatients who underwent surgery for stage IIIB between 2000 and 2015 were retrospectively reviewed and data analyzed. Patients were selected for surgery if they would tolerate multimodality treatment, the tumor was deemed upfront resectable, and N2‐N3 involvement was limited to a non‐bulky single site. Survival was calculated from the date of surgery until last follow‐up. Univariate and multivariate analysis were performed to identify prognostic factors.ResultsDuring the study period, 5416 patients underwent resection for NSCLC in our center. Sixty patients (1%) had clinical stage IIIB. Thirty‐two patients had T4N2 NSCLC involving the carina and/or superior vena cava (n = 25, 78%), left atrium (n = 5, 16%), or other (n = 2, 6%). Half of the 28 patients with N3‐disease had supraclavicular node involvement. Pneumonectomy was performed in 27 patients (45%). Twenty‐nine patients (48%) had induction therapy, with chemotherapy alone. Adjuvant therapy was administered to 52 patients (87%), mostly chemoradiation. Complete resection rate was 92%. Post‐operative mortality was 3%. Three‐ and 5‐year overall survivals were 51% and 39%, respectively. Multivariate analysis identified incomplete resection (P = 0.008) and absence of adjuvant treatment (P = 0.032) as poor survival prognostic factors.ConclusionsSurgery can be considered as a component of multimodality therapy in highly selected patients with stage IIIB NSCLC based on encouraging 5‐year survival of 39%.
New nomogram predicts the recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with negative preoperative serum AFP subjected to curative resection
Authors: Gan Wei , Huang Jin‐Long , Zhang Mei‐Xia , Fu Yi‐Peng , Yi Yong , Jing Chu‐Yu , Fan Jia , Zhou Jian , Qiu Shuang‐Jian 
Published: March 2018

BackgroundThere is currently no established model for predicting the recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with negative alpha‐fetoprotein (AFP) after curative resection. Therefore, the objective of this study was to establish a nomogram to identify the risk of recurrence in AFP‐negative (<or = 20 ng/mL) patients with HCC.MethodsA retrospective study was conducted to establish the recurrence‐free survival (RFS) nomogram in a training cohort of 326 AFP‐negative HCC patients. The results were validated on a well‐matched validation cohort in the literature.ResultsMacrovascular tumour invasion (P = 0.018, HR = 1.642), macronodular cirrhosis (P < 0.001, HR = 2.128), tumor size (P = 0.004, HR = 1.691), and γ‐glutamyl transferase (P = 0.039, HR = 1.496) were found to be independent risk factors for RFS in the training cohort, and all these factors were included in the nomogram. The C‐index for RFS in the nomogram was 0.661, which was higher than that of the BCLC system (0.551), the CLIP score (0.537), and the prediction model of Ju (0.618). The high consistency between the nomogram prediction and actual observation was further demonstrated by the calibration curve. In the subsequent study, the better net benefit and higher threshold probability of the nomogram were determined by decision curve analysis, and these advantages were confirmed in the validation cohort.ConclusionsThe present RFS nomogram for AFP‐negative HCC patients after curative resection provides an accurate and reliable prognostic model to facilitate recurrence surveillance. Once AFP‐negative patients are predicted to have a high recurrence score, additional high‐end imaging examinations, such as MRI or CT exams, should be considered, and the interval time of regular folow‐up should be reduced.