bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The joint estimation of uncertainty and its relationship with psychotic-like traits and psychometric schizotypy
Authors: Gibbs-Dean Toni , Katthagen Teresa , Hu Ruixin , Westwater Margaret , Spencer Thomas , Diederen Kelly 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Learning involves estimating if new observations are meaningful. This depends on beliefs about distinct but interconnected sources of uncertainty: volatility and noise (stochasticity). While psychosis has been linked to altered volatility processing, studies have not accounted for the computationally interdependent nature of noise. We developed and tested a novel learning task that manipulated uncertainty using “ground truth” probability distributions, and incentivized participants to provide explicit trial-by-trial estimates of noise and volatility. Capitalizing on the presence of psychotic-like traits in the general population, the task was applied in two online experiments (Ns=580/147) and one in-person sample (N=19). While most participants learnt according to a normative account of statistical inference, psychometric schizotypy and delusional ideation displayed non-normative learning patterns, whereas poorer performance in paranoid ideation was underpinned by a poorer grasp of underlying statistical contingencies. All psychosis traits showed inflexible belief updating to changes in uncertainty. Computational modeling suggested that non-normative learning may stem from difficulties inferring noise, causing noisy inputs to be misinterpreted as meaningful. Capturing the multifaceted nature of uncertainty offers valuable insights for understanding psychosis and developing clinically meaningful computational phenotypes.
Effect of a comprehensive intervention program of Vivifrail (C) combined with reminiscence therapy on healthy aging of rural older adults : Study rationale and protocol design for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Li Shasha , Xu Lijun , Deng Qingxian , Yang Xinyu , Li Yue , Song Xiaofang 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background: Vivifrail multicomponent exercise may promote health in older adults， but no comprehensive intervention design reports have been found combining it with reminiscence therapy (RT).
Objective: This study aims to construct a comprehensive intervention program of Vivifrail multicomponent exercise (C) combined with RT (VIVIFRAIL(C)-RT) and obtain further insight into its short-term and long-term effects on healthy aging (physical, cognitive, psychological, vitality, sensory, and social support) for rural older adults.
Methods:A randomized, controlled, assessor-blinded, parallel-arm trial will be performed in Zhejiang, China, recruiting 92 older adults (intervention group = 46, control group = 46) from two separate communities. The intervention group will receive 12 weeks of VIVIFRAIL(C)-RT, while the control group will receive health education and general exercise guidance. The primary outcomes are the Healthy Aging Scale and various functional assessments closely related to healthy aging. A secondary outcome is participant satisfaction. Outcomes will be evaluated at baseline (T0), immediately after 12 weeks of intervention (T1), and during follow-up assessments at 16 weeks (T2) and 24 weeks (T3).
Results:This study is currently ongoing. Recruitment began in June 2024 and will
conclude in December 2024. Effects of the comprehensive intervention program of Vivifrail (C) combined with reminiscence therapy on healthy aging of rural older adults will be described in the protocol set principle. We will also explore the short-term effects, long-term effects, and participation satisfaction.
Discussion: This study will provide a program reference and empirical evidence for VIVIFRAIL(C)-RT in promoting healthy aging among rural older adults.
Trial registration: Registration number is ChiCTRR2300072132. Registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial on June 06, 2023.
Statistical approach to determine cutting conditions and cutting geometry for edge trimming of G/PA12 plates
Authors: Mašek Petr , Kovalcik Jaroslav , Zeman Pavel 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The G/PA12 composite used in this study is made of glass-woven reinforcement and semi-crystalline engineering thermoplastic. This type of composite has potential applications, for example, in the automotive industry. The relatively low glass transition temperature and low stiffness of the matrix compared to the high abrasiveness of glass fibres make this type of composite difficult to machine. The workpieces from this type of composite are produced in a near-net-shape, but the free edges of the workpiece must be trimmed in order to achieve the required accuracy and quality of the product. This study recommends cutting conditions and cutting geometry based on statistical evaluation of force, quality and temperature measurements. The double-helix cutter significantly improved the machined surface quality compared to the standard PCD cutter. The PCD cutter was used in this study to identify key control factors for cutting conditions. By selecting the optimal helix inclination and angle, surface quality improved by up to 80%, with only a 12% increase in temperature. Increasing the feed per tooth also contributes to improving surface quality. In addition to improving quality, increasing the feed per tooth significantly affected the cutting forces. A cutting force model was developed specifically for machining this type of composite. The model's accuracy was enhanced by incorporating the effects of face angle and helix. The temperature measurement method during milling was designed to monitor critical temperature limits, such as the glass transition and melting points. An infrared camera was selected and the emissivity of G/PA12 was determined experimentally. The measurements showed that, while the glass transition temperature was exceeded in all cases, the melting temperature remained at least 47°C below the critical limit, even in the worst-case scenario.
Key Elements and Implementation Path of the Counterpart Support Policy: A Case Study of Urban Doctors Servicing in Rural Hospitals in Beijing
Authors: Lu Chen , Liu Yao , Sheng Jiale , Zou Yurou 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Counterpart support policy is a pivotal public management strategy aimed at bridging regional disparities. This paper aims to explore the determinants and execution pathways of this policy, with a focus on enhancing its efficacy. Utilizing the urban doctors serving rural areas (UDSR) policy in Beijing as a case study, the research is grounded in Van Meter and Van Horn’s policy implementation framework and employs fsQCA methods to scrutinize counterpart support hospitals. The findings pinpoint three critical factors shaping the policy's impact: the number of support projects, the diversification of subsidy sources, and the prescription rights for urban doctors working in rural medical institutions. Four distinct implementation pathways are identified: Pathway 1 is driven by goals and cognition, Pathway 2 by professional matching, Pathway 3 by external funding, and Pathway 4 by a combination of comprehensive factors. Furthermore, the study traces two evolutionary trajectories for the UDSR policy's effectiveness. The dominant trajectory demonstrates enduring success through a comprehensive factor-driven approach. In contrast, the transitional trajectory showcases an evolution from initial dependency on external funding to a phase of professional and goal alignment, culminating in internal alignment with organizational attributes and the ideologies of implementers, signifying an adaptive evolution in policy execution.
The oldest continuous association between astigmatid mites and termites preserved in Cretaceous amber reveals the evolutionary significance of phoresy
Authors: Sendi Hemen , Klimov Pavel B. , Kolesnikov Vasiliy B. , Káčerová Júlia , Bonino Enrico , Azar Dany , Robin Ninon 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Among minute-sized and wingless arthropods, astigmatid mites stand out for their diverse range of symbiotic associations (parasitic, neutral and mutualistic), with both invertebrate and vertebrate hosts. When inhabiting discontinuous and ephemeral environments, astigmatid mites adapt their life cycle to produce a phoretic heteromorphic nymph. When feeding resources are depleted, phoretic nymphs disperse to new habitats through phoresy, attaching to a larger animal which transports them to new locations. This dispersal strategy is crucial for accessing patchy resources, otherwise beyond the reach of these minute arthropods. In Astigmata, the phoretic nymph is highly specialized for dispersal, equipped with an attachment organ and lacking a mouth and pharynx. Despite the common occurrence of phoretic associations in modern mites, their evolutionary origins remain poorly understood. Among Astigmata, the family Schizoglyphidae represents an early derivative lineage with phoretic tritonymphs; however, our knowledge of this family is limited to a single observation.
Results
Here, we report the oldest biotic association of arthropods fossilised in amber (~130 Ma, Lebanon): an alate termite with 16 phoretic deutonymphs of Schizoglyphidae(Plesioglyphus lebanotermi gen. et sp. n.). The mites are primarily attached to the membranes of the host’s hindwings, using their attachment organs, pretarsal claws and tarsal setae. Additionally, we report new modern phoretic tritonymphs of this same family, on one of the earliest lineages of termites. These data collectively indicate that schizoglyphid-termite associations represent the oldest continuous mite-host associations. Notably, schizoglyphid mouthparts retain a distinct mouth and pharynx, absent in modern Astigmata.
Conclusion
The discovery of Schizoglyphidae mites in Lebanese amber represents the oldest known continuous association between acariform mites and their hosts. This finding demonstrates the long-term evolutionary significance of phoresy in Astigmata, evidencing a relationship sustained for over 130 Ma. It indicates that these early mites lived inside termite nests as inquilines and used alate termites for dispersal. This ancient association offers key insights into the coevolution of both mites and termites, highlighting a potential for the future discoveries of similar mites. This fossil —a stem-group Astigmata— is important for the accurate calibration of acariform mite phylogenies, advancing our understanding of these mites evolutionary history.
Land remains a blind spot in tracking progress under the Paris Agreement due to lack of data comparability
Authors: Roman-Cuesta Rosa Maria , Elzen Michel den , Araujo Zuelclady , Forsell Nicklas , Lamb William F. , McGlynn Emily , Melo Joana , Rossi Simone , Meinshausen Malte , Federici Sandro , Gidden Matthew , Keramidas Kimon , Korouso Anu , Grassi Giacomo 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Carbon fluxes from land use are key to the Paris Agreement. However, data comparability issues persist between countries’ inventories and targets (Nationally Determined Contributions, NDCs), which generally include direct and indirect anthropogenic net emissions, and what models provide as Paris-aligned benchmarks (direct net emissions only). As a result, the first Global Stocktake, aiming to track collective mitigation progress, did not explicitly consider country targets for land. This blind spot leaves countries uninformed of the 2030 gap between their ambitions for mitigation on land and models’ benchmarks, affecting net-zero trajectories. We provide an analysis of land-related targets under NDC 2020, splitting reduced emissions and additional sinks. Land use holds a quarter of global mitigation pledges in 2030, mostly through conditional support (-1.5ǂ1.1 GtCO2e/yr, of which − 0.6 GtCO2e/yr are additional sinks). To provide more policy-relevant information to decision makers, it is crucial that future Global Stocktakes also include appropriate comparisons of modelled scenarios and country land-use data.
Legislative influence on the decline of public toilet provision in the UK: a case study of Leeds city
Authors: Phiri Grace , Roaf Virginia , Hutchings Paul , Evans Barbara 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT
The provision of public toilets has declined in the UK, limiting citizens' ability to use public spaces and fully participate in society. This article investigates the legislative context of this decline by analysing the Public Health 1936, Section 87, which remains the principal legislation influencing public toilet provision. We use the Institutional Grammar Tool and a narrative case study of the history of public toilets in Leeds City Centre to unpack the weakening influence of the norm-driven policy on the provision of public toilets. We argue that changing notions of infrastructural citizenship in broader society have contributed to the abandonment of public toilets and an increasing reliance on private provision and individual independence, which are inherently more exclusionary. This article raises important questions about how fit-for-purpose the current UK public toilet policy is, and ends with a call for more robust legislation to promote greater infrastructural citizenship and ensure inclusive public spaces for all.
Differential Responses of Root Rot Pathogen Rhizoctonia solani in Tolerant and Susceptible Varieties of Tomato at Various Physiological Levels
Authors: Dutta Nitaswini , Das Madhura , Ray Sarmistha 
Published: November 2024

Introduction:
This study investigates the defense responses of tolerant versus susceptible
varieties of tomato against the hemi biotroph pathogen Rhizoctonia solani.

Method:
The early infection of Rhizoctonia solani was characterized by a tolerant Pusa Ruby and
a susceptible tomato variety, Oriental (VT- 946).

Result:
The microscopy experiments showed more hyphal growth in a susceptible plant than in a
tolerant one. The hyphae formed extensive branching, contacting the host surface to form a
greater number of various infection structures for penetration in the susceptible host compared to
the tolerant variety. Biochemical assays showed differences in the production of phenolics, proline,
hydrogen peroxide, and catalase in the tomato varieties.

Conclusion:
The differential expression profiles of the early response allene oxide synthase AOS
gene were obtained over time in the two hosts.
Pembentukan Kata dan Makna pada Slang Penggemar Boys’ Love (BL)
Authors: Hapsari Untari Widi , Handayani Wiwik Retno 
Published: November 2024

Slang adalah sebuah ragam bahasa yang bersifat rahasia dan khusus, hanya digunakan oleh kelompok tertentu (Chaer & Agustina, 2004). Penggemar boys’ love (BL) atau genre cerita romansa seksual sesama jenis antarlaki-laki, yang dianggap tabu oleh sebagian masyarakat, merupakan salah satu kelompok yang memiliki ragam bahasa slang. Penelitian ini menerapkan metode deskriptif kualitatif untuk menganalisis pembentukan kata slang penggemar BL menggunakan teori Tsujimura (2014) dan makna literal serta figuratif kosakata slang penggemar BL. Data dalam penelitian ini berasal dari ujaran Virtual Youtuber yang menggemari BL dan postingan akun khusus BL pada X (sebelumnya bernama Twitter). Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa slang penggemar BL dapat dikelompokan ke dalam 9 kelompok berdasarkan jenis pembentukannya, yaitu afiksasi, penggabungan, pemotongan, peminjaman bahasa asing, penggunaan kigou (simbol), penggunaan goroawase, pembentukan nomina dari renyoukei verba, penulisan dalam notasi katakana, dan penggunaan kanji fu (腐) dan 7 kelompok makna berdasarkan makna figuratifnya, yaitu makna sejenis akibat pemakaian kanji fu (腐), makna berkaitan dengan peran dalam BL, makna berkaitan dengan karakterisasi dalam BL, makna berkaitan dengan pemasangan (coupling) dalam BL, makna berkaitan dengan genre dalam BL, makna berkaitan dengan ungkapan khusus, dan makna berkaitan dengan preferensi mengenai BL.
A Contrastive Critical Genre Analysis of Chinese and American Company Profiles
Authors: Zhang Shan 
Published: November 2024

As an expansion of genre analysis, critical genre analysis focuses not only on text-internal properties, but also on text-external factors. It is a multi-perspective and multidimensional genre analyzing approach, aiming at explaining professional practices under academic and professional context. Based on critical genre analysis, referring to the four-layered analyzing model put forward by Bahtia (2008), this paper makes a critical genre analysis on company profiles of 20 famous companies from China and America, in an attempt to study the interactive relationship between professional practice, professional culture and genre resources.
The ICC enters into the future: the digital-evidence revolution or evolution?
Authors: Kuczyńska Hanna 
Published: November 2024

Investigations into core international crimes should take into consideration the new, digital environment of evidence gathering. They cannot be conducted based solely on analogue means in a world that has become digital so fast. The ICC is taking an active part in the digital revolution in its investigations of core crimes, by establishing a new model of coping with the gathering, analysis, and management of digital evidence: the OTPLink and Project Harmony. In this article, firstly the response of the Office of the Prosecutor (OTP) to the digital environment of evidence-gathering is analyzed, whereby the OTP decided to use algorithms in order to more effectively manage evidence. The legal character of these new developments is analyzed, as well as the dangers they pose for the assessment of evidence and the fact-finding process. In this analysis it is also necessary to establish whether this is indeed a “AI revolution”. Further analysis will focus on answering the question whether the digitalized tools used by the OTP fulfill all the preconditions necessary in order to ensure the credibility and authenticity of digital evidence. At the same time it is necessary to distinguish between the case law of the Chambers that relies on the traditional assessment of open sources, and the Internet-derived evidence based on the revolutionized algorithm-based gathering and management of evidence by the OTP. To this end there is a need to analyze the attitude toward digital evidence adopted so far by the Chambers with respect to the assessment of digital evidence and the use of such evidence in fact-finding. The key question that needs to be answered is whether the revolution is taking place only before the OTP, whereas the Chambers adopt a more evolutionary attitude.
Alimentación complementaria en infantes cubanos lactados a pecho
Authors: Díaz Sánchez María Elena , Basabe Tuero Beatriz , Lanyau Domínguez Yeneisy , Montero Díaz Minerva , Llera Abreu Elisa , Puentes Márquez Ileana , Domínguez Álvarez Dianelys , Llanio Nodarse Claudia 
Published: November 2024

La lactancia materna es la forma óptima de alimentación en las etapas tempranas de la vida. La Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) recomienda su práctica continua hasta los 6 meses, preferiblemente exclusiva, y prolongada hasta los 2 años, acompañando a una alimentación complementaria adecuada. Cuba posee una guía alimentaria para el niño menor de 2 años, que indica los momentos oportunos para introducir diferentes alimentos. El objetivo fue describir la alimentación complementaria en infantes lactados a pecho, valorar la seguridad alimentaria y determinar las asociaciones con el estado nutricional mediante indicadores antropométricos del crecimiento y composición corporal. Se realizaron encuestas de seguridad alimentaria y consumo de alimentos en 73 infantes entre 6 y 23 meses de vida, que mantuvieron lactancia materna exclusiva o predominante. El estado nutricional se evaluó por los patrones de la OMS, a partir de mediciones antropométricas, y la estimación de la composición corporal por isótopos estables, con las referencias del Organismo Internacional de Energía Atómica. Se realizó el procesamiento estadístico del total de la muestra y por grupos de edad. A pesar de observar inseguridad alimentaria leve en el 46,6% de los infantes, la alimentación fue variada en la mayoría, con un consumo diario de cereales, viandas, pan, lácteos y carnes. Se destacó la adición de aceites en las comidas, consumo de jugos envasados, pero poca representación de frutas y vegetales en su dieta habitual. El estado nutricional fue adecuado en más del 80% de los casos, pero no se asoció con el consumo de alimentos.
Application of improved matrix dilution method in quantitative analysis of Ni-Co-Mn ternary precursor
Authors: Li Hui , Ren Jizhou , Yang Jianbo , Xu Jie , Li Rui , Huang Xin , Sun Wanyi 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
When using energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) to analyze Ni-Co-Mn (NCM) samples, if the standard sample's concentration greatly differs from the unknown sample's concentration, the traditional matrix dilution method requires repeated dilution and measurement. This makes the process time-consuming and labor-intensive. This study proposes an improved matrix dilution method to reduce sample preparation and analysis. This method first establishes a functional relationship model between the dilution factor and the characteristic X-ray intensity. Then the characteristic X-ray intensity of the analyzed element can be calculated by this model, avoiding unnecessary dilution and measurement steps. To verify the effectiveness of this method, the dilution factors and characteristic X-ray intensities of the test samples were fitted using the established functional relationship. The fitting results showed that the fitting coefficients of determination of the Mn, Co, and Ni were all 0.999. Quantitative analysis was performed on the characteristic X-ray intensity fitting values and measured values of the test samples. The results showed that the quantitative results of the two were consistent. The average error of the three elements for both methods was 1.1% and 0.7%, respectively. It shows that through the established functional relationship, the characteristic X-ray intensity can be effectively calculated by the dilution factor. This method can be applied to samples with identical elements and proportions of target elements, but with different concentrations, using the same set of standard samples.
OPTIMIZATION OF THE EMOTIONAL COMPONENT OF MENTAL STATES IN PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITY BY THE METHOD OF SITUATIONAL-SHAPED MODELLING
Authors: V.M. Kruk , A.Yu. Fedotov 
Published: November 2024

In the article some aspects of optimization of emotional components of mental States in professional activity by the method of situationalfigurative modeling are considered. The features of mental States in professional activity of specialists of power structures are analyzed, their classification on the basis of constructive and destructive influence of emotions is given. The possibilities of the method of situationalfigurative modeling in the optimization of emotional components of mental States are shown. Professional opportunities which appear at the expert thanks to the developed ability to emotional selfcontrol are designated.
В статье рассмотрены некоторые аспекты оптимизации эмоциональных компонент психических состояний в профессиональной деятельности методом ситуативнообразного моделирования. Проанализированы особенности психических состояний в профессиональной деятельности специалистов силовых структур, дана их классификация по основанию конструктивнодеструктивного влияния эмоций. Показаны возможности метода ситуативнообразного моделирования в оптимизации эмоциональных компонент психических состояний. Обозначены профессиональные возможности, которые появляются у специалиста благодаря развитой способности к эмоциональному самоконтролю.