bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Postoperative complications in relation to overall treatment time in patients with rectal cancer receiving neoadjuvant radiotherapy
Authors: Erlandsson J , Pettersson D , Glimelius B , Holm T , Martling A 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

Background
The optimal timing of surgery for rectal cancer after radiotherapy (RT) is disputed. The Stockholm III trial concluded that it was oncologically safe to delay surgery for 4–8 weeks after short-course RT (SRT), with fewer postoperative complications compared with SRT with surgery within a week. Other studies have indicated that an even shorter interval between RT and surgery (0–3 days) might be beneficial. The aim of this study was to identify the optimal interval to surgery after RT.

Methods
Patients were analysed as treated, in terms of overall treatment time (OTT), the interval from the start of RT until the day of surgery. Patients receiving SRT (5 × 5 Gy) were categorized according to OTT: 7 days (group A), 8–13 days (group B), 5–7 weeks (group C) and 8–13 weeks (group D). Patients receiving long-course RT (25 × 2 Gy) were grouped into those with an OTT of 9–11 weeks (group E) or 12–14 weeks (group F). Outcomes assessed were postoperative complications and early mortality.

Results
A total of 810 patients were analysed (group A, 100; group B, 247; group C, 192; group D, 160; group E, 52; group F, 59). Baseline patient characteristics were similar. There were significantly more overall complications in group B than in groups C and D. Adjusted odds ratios, with B as the reference group, were: 0·72 (95 per cent c.i. 0·40 to 1·32; P = 0·289), 0·50 (0·30 to 0·84; P = 0·009) and 0·39 (0·23 to 0·65; P &lt; 0·001) for groups A, C and D respectively. Early mortality was similar in all groups. There were no significant differences between long-course RT groups.

Conclusion
These results suggest that surgery should optimally be delayed for 4–12 weeks (OTT 5–13 weeks) after SRT.
Therapeutic potential of CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing in engineered T‐cell therapy
Authors: Gao Qianqian , Dong Xuan , Xu Qumiao , Zhu Linnan , Wang Fei , Hou Yong , Chao Cheng‐chi 
Published: June 2019

AbstractCancer patients have been treated with various types of therapies, including conventional strategies like chemo‐, radio‐, and targeted therapy, as well as immunotherapy like checkpoint inhibitors, vaccine and cell therapy etc. Among the therapeutic alternatives, T‐cell therapy like CAR‐T (Chimeric Antigen Receptor Engineered T cell) and TCR‐T (T Cell Receptor Engineered T cell), has emerged as the most promising therapeutics due to its impressive clinical efficacy. However, there are many challenges and obstacles, such as immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, manufacturing complexity, and poor infiltration of engrafted cells, etc still, need to be overcome for further treatment with different forms of cancer. Recently, the antitumor activities of CAR‐T and TCR‐T cells have shown great improvement with the utilization of CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology. Thus, the genome editing system could be a powerful genetic tool to use for manipulating T cells and enhancing the efficacy of cell immunotherapy. This review focuses on pros and cons of various gene delivery methods, challenges, and safety issues of CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing application in T‐cell‐based immunotherapy.
Risk stratification of ER‐positive breast cancer patients: A multi‐institutional validation and outcome study of the Rochester Modified Magee algorithm (RoMMa) and prediction of an Oncotype DX® recurrence score <26
Authors: Turner Bradley M. , Gimenez‐Sanders Mary Ann , Soukiazian Armen , Breaux Andrea C. , Skinner Kristin , Shayne Michelle , Soukiazian Nyrie , Ling Marilyn , Hicks David G. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe skyrocketing cost of health‐care demands that we question when to use multigene assay testing in the planning of treatment for breast cancer patients. A previously published algorithmic model gave recommendations for which cases to send out for Oncotype DX® (ODX) testing. This study is a multi‐institutional validation of that algorithmic model in 620 additional estrogen receptor positive breast cancer cases, with outcome data on 310 cases, named in this study as the Rochester Modified Magee algorithm (RoMMa). RoMMa correctly predicted 85% (140/164) and 100% (17/17) of cases to have a low‐ or high‐risk ODX recurrence score, respectively, consistent with the original publication. Applying our own risk stratification criteria, in patients who received appropriate hormonal therapy, only one of the 45 (2.0%) patients classified as low risk by our original algorithm have been associated with a breast cancer recurrence over 5‐10 years of follow‐up. Eight of 116 (7.0%) patients classified as low risk by ODX have been associated with a breast cancer recurrence with up to 11 years of follow‐up. In addition, 524 of 537 (98%) cases from our total population (n = 903) with an average modified Magee score ≤18 had an ODX recurrence score <26. Patients with an average modified Magee score ≤18 or >30 may not need to be sent out for ODX testing. By avoiding these cases sending out for ODX testing, the potential cost savings to the health‐care system in 2018 are estimated to have been over $100,000,000.
The prognostic value of gastrointestinal bleeding in gastrointestinal stromal tumor: A propensity score matching analysis
Authors: Wan Wenze , Xiong Zhen , Zeng Xiangyu , Yang Wenchang , Li Chengguo , Tang Yu , Lin Yao , Gao Jinbo , Zhang Peng , Tao Kaixiong 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackground and objectivesWhether gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding indicates gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) rupture and impacts prognosis is unclear. We examined the prognostic value of GI bleeding in GIST.MethodsPrimary GIST patients with (GB group) or without (NGB group) initial symptoms of GI bleeding were retrospectively studied. Propensity score matching (PSM) was conducted to reduce confounders.ResultsEight hundred patients were enrolled. Male gender [odds ratio (OR) = 1.517, P = 0.011], tumors in the small intestine (OR = 2.539, P < 0.001), and tumor size 5‐10 cm (OR = 2.298, P = 0.004) increased the odds of GI bleeding; age >60 years decreased the odds (OR = 0.683, P = 0.031). After PSM, 444 patients were included (222 in each group). Relapse‐free survival (RFS) (P = 0.001) and overall survival (OS) (P = 0.002) were both superior in the GB group. In subgroup analysis, the GB group achieved a superior RFS (P = 0.005) and OS (P = 0.007) in patients with small intestine GIST, but not stomach or colorectal GIST.ConclusionsGIST patients with age <60, male gender, tumors located in the small intestine, and tumors 5‐10 cm in size had a higher risk of GI bleeding. GIST patients with GI bleeding had a superior RFS and OS. This difference was statistically significant only in small intestine GIST.
Human crowding and store messiness: Drivers of retail shopper confusion and behavioral intentions
Authors: Coskun Merve , Gupta Shipra , Burnaz Sebnem 
Published: June 2019

AbstractWith today's cut‐throat competition, brick and mortar retailers are engaging in various in‐store elements like ambience, visual design, and social factors to entice consumers. However, these environmental stimuli if not used properly can lead to retail shopper confusion that can negatively influence shopper behavioral intentions. Drawing on the theoretical argument that information overload facilitates retail shopper confusion, two experimental studies are conducted. The findings of both studies suggest a main effect of human crowding and store messiness for each dimension of retail shopper confusion—irritation, inefficiency, and helplessness. Mediating role of retail shopper confusion between human crowding, store messiness, and shopping behavioral intentions is also examined. Interactive impact of human crowding and store messiness suggests store messiness to be more problematic. The moderating role of shopping motivations (task vs. recreational) is also examined that suggests the negative effect of retail shopper confusion for consumers pursuing recreational shopping motivations. These findings across the two studies offer a new perspective that recommend the importance of organized retail store environments. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
A FRET‐Based Near‐Infrared Fluorescent Probe for Ratiometric Detection of Cysteine in Mitochondria
Authors: Xia Shuai , Zhang Yibin , Fang Mingxi , Mikesell Logan , Steenwinkel Tessa E. , Wan Shulin , Phillips Tyler , Luck Rudy L. , Werner Thomas , Liu Haiying 
Published: June 2019

AbstractWe report a near‐infrared fluorescent probe A for the ratiometric detection of cysteine based on FRET from a coumarin donor to a near‐infrared rhodamine acceptor. Upon addition of cysteine, the coumarin fluorescence increased dramatically up to 18‐fold and the fluorescence of the rhodamine acceptor decreased moderately by 45 % under excitation of the coumarin unit. Probe A has been used to detect cysteine concentration changes in live cells ratiometrically and to visualize fluctuations in cysteine concentrations induced by oxidation stress through treatment with hydrogen peroxide or lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Finally, probe A was successfully applied for the in vivo imaging of Drosophila melanogaster larvae to measure cysteine concentration changes.
Characterization and Reactivity of a Tetrahedral Copper(II) Alkylperoxido Complex
Authors: Shimizu Ikuma , Morimoto Yuma , Velmurugan Gunasekaran , Gupta Tulika , Paria Sayantan , Ohta Takehiro , Sugimoto Hideki , Ogura Takashi , Comba Peter , Itoh Shinobu 
Published: June 2019

AbstractA tetrahedral CuII alkylperoxido complex [CuII(TMG3tach)(OOCm)]+ (1OOCm) (TMG3tach={2,2′,2′′‐[(1s,3s,5s)‐cyclohexane‐1,3,5‐triyl]tris‐(1,1,3,3‐tetramethyl guanidine)}, OOCm=cumyl peroxide) is prepared and characterized by UV/Vis, cold‐spray ionization mass spectroscopy (CSI‐MS), resonance Raman, and EPR spectroscopic methods. Product analysis of the self‐decomposition reaction of 1OOCm in acetonitrile (MeCN) indicates that the reaction involves O−O bond homolytic cleavage of the peroxide moiety with concomitant C−H bond activation of the solvent molecule. When an external substrate such as 1,4‐cyclohexadiene (CHD) is added, the O−O bond homolysis leads to C−H activation of the substrate. Furthermore, the reaction of 1OOCm with 2,6‐di‐tert‐butylphenol derivatives produces the corresponding phenoxyl radical species (ArO.) together with a CuI complex through a concerted proton‐electron transfer (CPET) mechanism. Details of the reaction mechanisms are explored by DFT calculations.
An adjusted K‐medoids clustering algorithm for effective stability in vehicular ad hoc networks
Authors: Hajlaoui Rejab , Alsolami Eesa , Moulahi Tarek , Guyennet Hervé 
Published: June 2019

SummaryRecently, the routing problem in vehicular ad hoc networks is one of the most vital research. Despite the variety of the proposed approaches and the development of communications technologies, the routing problem in VANET suffers from the high speed of vehicles and the repetitive failures in communications. In this paper, we adjusted the well‐known K‐medoids clustering algorithm to improve the network stability and to increase the lifetime of all established links. First, the number of clusters and the initial cluster heads will not be selected randomly as usual, but based on mathematical formula considering the environment size and the available transmission ranges. Then the assignment of nodes to clusters in both k‐medoids phases will be carried out according to several metrics including direction, relative speed, and proximity. To the best of our knowledge, our proposed model is the first that introduces the new metric named “node disconnection frequency.” This metric prevents nodes with volatile and suspicious behavior to be elected as a new CH. This screening ensures that the new CH retains its property as long as possible and thus increases the network stability. Empirical results confirm that in addition to the convergence speed that characterizes our adjusted K‐medoids clustering algorithm (AKCA), the proposed model achieves more stability and robustness when compared with most recent approaches designed for the same objective.
Investigating phenotypes of emotional eating based on weight categories: A latent profile analysis
Authors: Sultson Hedvig , Akkermann Kirsti 
Published: June 2019

AbstractObjectiveWe aimed to investigate the phenotypes of individuals with emotional eating (EE) based on their levels of positive and negative EE, body mass index (BMI), and preoccupation with weight, and to assess differences in eating pathology and emotion regulation (ER) difficulties among them.MethodA community sample of 605 women (mean age = 29.8 years, SD = 9.6; mean BMI = 23.4 kg/m2, SD = 4.7) filled out the Positive–Negative Emotional Eating Scale, Eating Disorders Assessment Scale, and Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale. Data of BMI, positive EE, negative EE, and preoccupation with body weight were submitted to a latent profile analysis.ResultsA four‐profile model was discovered with normal weight individuals without EE (63%), normal weight individuals with EE (23%), overweight individuals without EE (9%), and obese individuals with EE (5%). A five‐profile model was also included, as a class of normal weight individuals with positive EE was found. Obese and normal weight individuals with EE showed the highest level of ER difficulties and eating pathology. Overweight individuals without EE showed moderate levels of eating pathology and low levels of ER difficulties, suggesting that high BMI itself might not be related to eating disorder (ED) psychopathology. Normal weight individuals with positive EE showed low levels of eating pathology, but moderate levels of ER difficulties.DiscussionOur results suggest that negative EE could be an important risk factor for disordered eating, independent of BMI. Further, individuals with EE could benefit from learning adaptive ER strategies to prevent the onset or maintenance of ED or weight gain.
Efficacy of a brief group intervention for carers of individuals with eating disorders: A randomized control trial
Authors: McEvoy Peter M. , Targowski Katharina , McGrath Diana , Carter Olivia , Fursland Anthea , Fitzgerald Marilyn , Raykos Bronwyn 
Published: June 2019

AbstractObjectiveInterventions for carers of individuals with eating disorders are often time and resource intensive, which may be a barrier for service providers or attendees. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a very brief, two‐session psychoeducation and communication skills‐based intervention for carers of individuals with eating disorders.MethodCarers (N = 44) were randomized to attend two 2.5 hr sessions delivered 1 week apart or waitlist control. Carer burden, self‐efficacy, skills, knowledge, expressed emotion (emotional overinvolvement and critical comments), distress (anxiety and depression), and accommodating and enabling behaviors were assessed at preintervention and postintervention and 1‐month follow‐up.ResultsCarer burden, self‐efficacy, skills, knowledge, and one component of expressed emotion (critical comments) improved significantly more in the treatment group compared to the waitlist. Changes in anxiety, depression, and accommodating and enabling behaviors did not significantly differ between groups.DiscussionThese results demonstrated that substantial improvements can be made from a very brief carers' intervention. More intensive and targeted interventions might be required to address carers' emotional symptoms and to reduce accommodating and enabling behaviors.
Evidence of strong stabilizing effects on the evolution of boreoeutherian (Mammalia) dental proportions
Authors: Monson Tesla A. , Boisserie Jean‐Renaud , Brasil Marianne F. , Clay Selene M. , Dvoretzky Rena , Ravindramurthy Shruti , Schmitt Christopher A. , Souron Antoine , Takenaka Risa , Ungar Peter S. , Yoo Sunwoo , Zhou Michael , Zuercher Madeleine E. , Hlusko Leslea J. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe dentition is an extremely important organ in mammals with variation in timing and sequence of eruption, crown morphology, and tooth size enabling a range of behavioral, dietary, and functional adaptations across the class. Within this suite of variable mammalian dental phenotypes, relative sizes of teeth reflect variation in the underlying genetic and developmental mechanisms. Two ratios of postcanine tooth lengths capture the relative size of premolars to molars (premolar–molar module, PMM), and among the three molars (molar module component, MMC), and are known to be heritable, independent of body size, and to vary significantly across primates. Here, we explore how these dental traits vary across mammals more broadly, focusing on terrestrial taxa in the clade of Boreoeutheria (Euarchontoglires and Laurasiatheria). We measured the postcanine teeth of N = 1,523 boreoeutherian mammals spanning six orders, 14 families, 36 genera, and 49 species to test hypotheses about associations between dental proportions and phylogenetic relatedness, diet, and life history in mammals. Boreoeutherian postcanine dental proportions sampled in this study carry conserved phylogenetic signal and are not associated with variation in diet. The incorporation of paleontological data provides further evidence that dental proportions may be slower to change than is dietary specialization. These results have implications for our understanding of dental variation and dietary adaptation in mammals.
Support for collective action against refugees: The role of national, European, and global identifications, and autochthony beliefs
Authors: Hasbún López Paola , Martinović Borja , Bobowik Magdalena , Chryssochoou Xenia , Cichocka Aleksandra , Ernst‐Vintila Andreea , Franc Renata , Fülöp Éva , Ghilani Djouaria , Kochar Arshiya , Lamberty Pia , Leone Giovanna , Licata Laurent , Žeželj Iris 
Published: June 2019

AbstractTo understand recent anti‐refugee protests in Europe, we examined how different levels of inclusiveness of group identities (national, European, and global) are related to intentions to protest among native Europeans. We focused on the mediating role of autochthony (a belief that the first inhabitants of a territory are more entitled) and the moderating role of threat. Survey data from 11 European countries (N = 1,909) showed that national identification was positively associated with autochthony, and therefore, with the intention to protest against refugees. In contrast, global identification was related to lower protest intentions via lower autochthony. These paths were found only among Europeans who perceived refugees as a threat. European identification was not related to the endorsement of autochthony or to collective action. These findings indicate why and when majority members are willing to participate in collective action against refugees, and underscore the importance of global identification in the acceptance of refugees.
Treatment of symptomatic adenomyosis with the levonorgestrel‐releasing intrauterine system
Authors: Li Lei , Leng Jinhua , Jia Shuangzheng , Lang Jinghe 
Published: June 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the long‐term effects of using the levonorgestrel‐releasing intrauterine system (LNG‐IUS) to treat symptomatic adenomyosis.MethodA prospective longitudinal study was conducted among 1100 women who received the LNG‐IUS at a tertiary teaching hospital in China between December 10, 2006, and December 24, 2014. All participants had symptomatic adenomyosis (visual analogue scale [VAS] ≥7 and/or pictorial blood loss assessment chart [PBAC] score >100) diagnosed by transvaginal sonography. Follow‐up was at 3, 6, 12, 24, 36, 48, and 60 months after LNG‐IUS placement. The primary outcome was symptom relief. Secondary outcomes included LNG‐IUS retention status; changes in uterine volume; serum levels of cancer antigen 125 (CA125); menstruation pattern; and adverse events.ResultsIn all, 374 (33.7%) participants completed 60 months of LNG‐IUS treatment. The VAS, verbal rating scale, PBAC score, hemoglobin level, uterine volume, and serum CA125 level all showed marked improvements at this time point when compared with baseline (P<0.05 for all comparisons). The cumulative retention rate of LNG‐IUS was 56.2%. Changes in menstruation pattern at 60 months included amenorrhea (n=97, 25.9%) and shortened periods (n=82, 21.9%). The incidence of adverse events was <10% and not considered notable.ConclusionsLong‐term use of LNG‐IUS was effective and acceptable for the treatment of symptomatic adenomyosis.Registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT03027648).
Primary male urethral squamous cell carcinoma presenting with a genital abscess
Authors: Mizusawa Hiroya , Hara Hiroaki , Mimura Yuji , Kato Haruaki 
Published: June 2019

IntroductionPrimary urethral cancer is a rare disease accounting for <1% of all urological cancer cases. We encountered a patient with urethral squamous cell carcinoma diagnosed during treatment of a genital abscess.Case presentationA 69‐year‐old male was referred to our hospital for recurrent urethritis and swelling of the scrotum. The genital skin was atrophic with a purulent discharge. A diagnosis of epididymitis‐induced genital abscess was made, and conservative treatment was administered. However, local infection recurred and the infected tissue was resected 4 months after the first examination. The pathological diagnosis was squamous cell carcinoma. Subsequently, radical surgery was performed, but the patient died 17 months postoperatively.ConclusionFour patients with primary urethral squamous cell carcinoma presenting as genital abscess have been reported. Careful examination is necessary while considering a malignant tumor as an underlying disease.
Switching from entecavir to tenofovir alafenamide versus maintaining entecavir for chronic hepatitis B
Authors: Hagiwara Satoru , Nishida Naoshi , Ida Hiroshi , Ueshima Kazuomi , Minami Yasunori , Takita Masahiro , Komeda Yoriaki , Kudo Masatoshi 
Published: June 2019

AbstractTenofovir alafenamide (TAF) is a newly developed prodrug of tenofovir (TFV). We divided 48 chronic hepatitis B patients who had taken entecavir (ETV) for ≥2 years into two groups: the ETV continuation (n = 24) and the TAF switching (n = 24) groups, and compared the antiviral effects and safety until 48 weeks after the start of the study. There were no significant differences in the alterations in the serum levels of HBs antigen (HBsAg) level between the ETV continuation and the TAF switching groups at 24 or 48 weeks. We also examined the effect of baseline HBsAg level on the decrease of HBsAg during the treatment; in the TAF switching group, the decrease of HBsAg level at 48 weeks was more significant in patients with low baseline HBsAg (<800 IU/mL) than those with high baseline HBsAg (
>800 IU/mL) (change of HBsAg; − 0.029 vs − 0.132 for high and low baseline HBsAg, respectively, P = .007). Also, the effect on renal function was found to be comparable between the TAF switch group and the ETV continuation group. In this study, switching from ETV to TAF may represent higher efficacy for a decrease of HBsAg than a continuation of ETV among the patients with low baseline HBsAg level.