bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Émigrés on the October Revolution: The Suicide of Russia in the Novels of Ayn Rand and Mark Aldanov
Authors: Grigorovskaya Anastasiya Vasilievna 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe events of the Russian Revolution, which took place one hundred years ago in October 1917, are reflected in Ayn Rand's first novel We the Living. This article shows Rand's relationship to the Russian Diaspora—though her name is not usually associated with Russian émigré authors. This article compares Rand's work with the novels of another Russian émigré writer—Mark Aldanov (Escape, Suicide)—which shows a common comprehension of the October Revolution in the works of both writers, with similar art images, interpretations of the reasons for the revolution, and an understanding of its harmful consequences for Russia.
Ayn Rand's Companions
Authors: Seddon Fred 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
This essay reviews a recent book in the Blackwell Companions to Philosophy series: A Companion to Ayn Rand, edited by Gregory Salmieri and the late Allan Gotthelf. The author expresses his discontent with the volume's exclusion of many contributors who are not affiliated with the Ayn Rand Institute. He is displeased, as well, by the lack of any essays of a critical nature, which is a hallmark of other Companion-type works. His review focuses on six (out of eighteen) key essays in this volume: (1) Gregory Salmieri on both values and epistemology; (2) John David Lewis and Salmieri's discussion of Rand's political and cultural commentary; (3) Allan Gotthelf on the morality of life; (4) Harry Binswanger on aesthetics; (5) Jason Rheins on the Objectivist metaphysics; and (6) James Lennox on Rand's view of the history of philosophy.
What Do We Need to Know?
Authors: Campbell Robert L. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractHow We Know is intended as a summary (and a modest extension) of Objectivist epistemology. Binswanger's treatment of a wide range of epistemological issues is examined. Because his theory of propositions is inadequate and his philosophy of mind is an extreme form of dualism, Binswanger has added little to previous efforts by “official” Objectivists. As a work of epistemology in the broad sense, Binswanger's effort is fatally impaired. It is undone by his bifurcation between consciousness and the physics of the brain, which, if accepted, would largely deprive psychology and even computer science of their subject matter.
The impact of the magnetization direction on the static and dynamic parameters of an electromagnetic linear actuator
Authors: Just Krzysztof , Piskur Paweł 
Published: June 2018

This paper presents a simulation analysis of the impact of magnetization direction on the static and dynamic parameters of an electromagnetic linear actuator. The simulation analysis computations were completed for three different magnetization configurations of permanent magnets (i.e. axial, radial, and a Halbach array). The finite element method (FEM) was applied which provided a good representation of the properties of actual physical objects. The computations enabled an investigation into and an assessment of the impact of the runner magnetization method on the static and dynamic properties of the drive.
Keywords: modelling and simulation, electromagnetic actuator, finite element method, field analysis, Halbach array
The concept of a prefabricated structure for protection of critical infrastructure facilities
Authors: Sobczyk Kamil , Chmielewski Ryszard , Duda Krzysztof 
Published: June 2018

The paper presents the concept of a protective structure in the form of a prefabricated reinforced concrete protective dome intended for protection of a single critical infrastructure facility [1]. Unlike non-movable cast-in-place reinforced concrete structures, the protective structure can be assembled and disassembled repeatedly with the use of dedicated joining sockets. To provide the concept with a high mobility, the dimensions of single modules of the prefabricated reinforced concrete protective dome meet the transport limits dictated by the horizontal and vertical clearance of roads. A numerical computational analysis facilitated a determination of the distribution of internal forces in the protective stricture and dimensioning of the required reinforcement system [3]. The computations included standardized cases of steady and dynamic loads, and combinations thereof, complete with parameters of dynamic loads from an explosion impulse.
Keywords: building engineering, protective structure, prefabricated dome
Simultaneous Extraction and Determination of Allura Red (E129) and Brilliant Blue FCF (E133) in Foodstuffs by Column Solid-Phase Spectrophotometry
Authors: Bişgin Abdullah Taner 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Background: Allura Red (AR) and Brilliant Blue FCF (BB) are highly water-soluble synthetic food dyes used to color baked goods, beverages, candies, jellies, sausages, etc. Although AR and BB are not entirely toxic, they can lead to health problems in humans. Objective: The aim of the study was to develop a column solid-phase extraction (SPE) and preconcentration method based on the adsorption on a Diaion HP-20 polymeric resin for simultaneous spectrophotometric determination of AR and BB. Methods: The column SPE method was used, and the analytical parameters of the SPE method, such as pH, sample flow rate, sample volume, etc., were systematically investigated and optimized. Results: The detection limits of AR and BB ranged between 0.90 and 0.19 μg/L and quantification limits between 2.59 and 0.53 μg/L, respectively. Preconcentration factors were obtained at 80 and 100 for AR and BB, respectively. The RSDs of the method were lower than 4% for both dyes. The method was successfully applied to foodstuffs. AR and BB contents in foodstuffs were determined between 9.48–407.34 and 2.96–137.12 μg/g, respectively, for solid samples; 52.28 and 5.91 μg/mL of dye contents of liquid samples were determined for AR and BB, respectively. Conclusions: Satisfactory recoveries show that the method will be more useful for future food quality and control applications. Highlights: The developed method exhibited simplicity and reliable, simultaneous determination of AR and BB in foodstuffs.
Alguns temas religiosos em Platão - DOI 10.5752/P.1983-2478.2014v10n17p113
Authors: Pinheiro Marcus Reis 
Published: June 2018

ResumoEste artigo busca apresenta dois temas religiosos em Platão: a sua noção de deus e a ascese erótica do Simpósio. Em um primeiro momento, o artigo apresenta alguns aspectos da noção de deus em Platão, mais especificamente no Timeu e na República, e depois, em uma segunda parte, apresentará a importância de Eros como motor do conhecimento filosófico na Simpósio. Apresento de forma resumida os argumentos principais no diálogo Timeu de Platão que descrevem o Demiurgo, artesão do Cosmos, suas atividades e suas características. Como modo a complementar certos traços do que se poderia chamar de deus em Platão, apresento ainda algumas passagens em que se fala sobre deus e seus aspectos na República. Por fim, na segunda parte do artigo, analiso a Escada Erótica descrita por Diotima como sendo parte dos mistérios elevados do Eros, presente no Simpósio 210a.Palavras-Chave: Platão. Deus. Eros. República. Timeu. Simpósio ResuméCet article veut montrer deux thèmes religieux en Platon : sa notion de dieu e la ascese erotique présent dans le Symposium. En premier lieu, l’article montre quelques aspects de la notion de dieu chez Platon, en particulier dans le Timée et la République. Puis, en deuzième partie, on montrera l’importance d’Eros comme moteur de la conaissance philosophique dans le Syposium. On résumera les principaux arguments du Timée qui décrivent le Démiurge, artisan du cosmos, sés activités et sés caractéristiques. Afin de compléter certains aspects de ce qu’on pourrait appeler dieu chez Platon, l’article présente encore quelques passages où on parle de dieu et sés aspects dans la République. Enfim, dans la seconde partie du texte, j’analyse l’Échelle Érotique, décrite par Diotime comme partie des Mystéres Élevés d’Eros et présente dans Symposium 210a.Mot-Cles: Platon. Dieu. Eros. République. Timée. Symposium.
A EXPERIÊNCIA DAS MULHERES NA HERMENÊUTICA BÍBLICA - DOI 10.5752/P.1983-2478.2014v10n17p200
Authors: Souza Candiotto Jaci de Fátima 
Published: June 2018

ResumoO artigo apresenta uma reflexão sobre a hermenêutica teológica feminista, composta de diversos movimentos interpretativos dos textos sagrados, porém sem a pretensão de elevar-se em novo método teológico. A experiência das mulheres é enfatizada como um dos exemplos de movimento hermenêutico a partir da proposta de Elizabeth Schüssler Fiorenza, em seu livro Caminhos da Sabedoria. A partir deste referencial teórico analisa-se a maneira como algumas teólogas, especialmente latinoamericanas, utilizaram este movimento hermenêutico para percorrer na tradição bíblica veterotestamentária a experiência de proteção e destruição da vida, assim como as experiências da pobreza, da emigração e da solidariedade.Palavras-Chave: Hermenêutica. Experiência. Bíblia. Mulheres. Teologia. AbstractThe article focuses on feminist theological hermeneutics. This hermeneutic is composed of several movements that indicate new perspectives of interpretation of sacred texts, without, however, want to constitute a new theological method. It emphasizes the category of experience as one of the examples of the Wisdom dance, as Elizabeth Schüssler Fiorenza proposed in his book Wisdom Ways: Introducing Feminist Biblical Interpretation. Finally, we study how some Latin American theologians used this hermeneutic turn to theologizing experience of protection and destruction of life, as well as the experiences of poverty, emigration and solidarity.Keywords: Hermeneutics. Experience. Bible. Women. Feminist theology.
Genetic differentiation, local adaptation and phenotypic plasticity in fragmented populations of a rare forest herb
Authors: Gentili Rodolfo , Solari Aldo , Diekmann Martin , Duprè Cecilia , Monti Gianna Serafina , Armiraglio Stefano , Assini Silvia , Citterio Sandra 
Published: June 2018

BackgroundDue to habitat loss and fragmentation, numerous forest species are subject to severe population decline. Investigating variation in genetic diversity, phenotypic plasticity and local adaptation should be a prerequisite for implementing conservation actions. This study aimed to explore these aspects in ten fragmented populations ofPhysospermum cornubiensein view of translocation measures across its Italian range.MethodsFor each population we collected environmental data on landscape (habitat size, quality and fragmentation) and local conditions (slope, presence of alien species, incidence of the herbivorous insectMetcalfa pruinosaand soil parameters). We measured vegetative and reproductive traits in the field and analysed the genetic population structure using ISSR markers (STRUCTURE and AMOVA). We then estimated the neutral (FST) and quantitative (PST) genetic differentiation of populations.ResultsThe populations exhibited moderate phenotypic variation. Population size (range: 16–655 individuals), number of flowering adults (range: 3–420 individuals) and inflorescence size (range: 5.0–8.4 cm) were positively related to Mg soil content. Populations’ gene diversity was moderate (Nei-H = 0.071–0.1316); STRUCTURE analysis identified five different clusters and three main geographic groups: upper, lower, and Apennine/Western Po plain. Fragmentation did not have an influence on the local adaptation of populations, which for all measured traits showed PST < FST, indicating convergent selection.DiscussionThe variation of phenotypic traits across sites was attributed to plastic response rather than local adaptation. Plant translocation from suitable source populations to endangered ones should particularly take into account provenance according to identified genetic clusters and specific soil factors.
Suitable oasis scales under a government plan in the Kaidu-Konqi River Basin of northwest arid region, China
Authors: Fu Aihong , Li Weihong , Chen Yaning , Liu Yuting 
Published: June 2018

The Yanqi Basin and the Konqi River Basin of the Kaidu-Konqi River Basin were chosen as the study sites in this paper in order to investigate suitable scales of natural and artificial oases with a specified water resource and water quantity planned by the local government. Combined with remote-sensing images from 2013, water resources in 2013, 2025 and 2035, and weather and socioeconomic data, suitable scales of oases were analyzed. The results showed that: (1) The total available water quantities in the Yanqi Basin and the Konqi River Basin without river base flow, and the input of water into Bosten Lake and Tarim River, over high-, normal and low-flow periods, in 2025 and 2035, were 19.04 × 108 m3, 10.52 × 108 m3, 4.95 × 108 m3, 9.95 × 108 m3 and 9.95 × 108 m3, as well as 21.77 × 108 m3, 13.95 × 108 m3, 10.11 × 108 m3, 12.50 × 108 m3, and 9.74 × 108 m3. (2) The water demand of the natural oasis in the Yanqi Basin and the Konqi River Basin was 2.59 × 108 m3, and 4.59 × 108 m3, respectively. (3) The total water consumption of the artificial oasis in 2013, 2025, and 2035 were 10.51 × 108 m3, 10.99 × 108 m3 and 10.74 × 108 m3 in the Yanqi Basin, respectively, and 18.59 × 108 m3, 14.07 × 108 m3 and 13.30 × 108m3 in the Kongqi River Basin, respectively. (4) Under government planning, the optimal area in 2025 and 2035 should be 5,100.06 km2 and 5,096.15 km2 in the Yanqi Basin oases, and 6,008.53 km2 and 4,691.36 km2 in the Konqi River Basin oases, respectively, under the different inflow variations, and 4,972.71 km2 and 4,969.22 km2 in the Yanqi Basin oases, and 5,975.17 km2 and 4,665.67 km2 in the Kongqi River Basin oases, respectively, under the appropriate proportion. (5) The artificial oases in these basins should be greatly decreased in the future due to limited water resources.
Long-term experimental in situ farming of Crambe crambe (Demospongiae: Poecilosclerida)
Authors: Padiglia Andrea , Ledda Fabio D. , Padedda Bachisio M. , Pronzato Roberto , Manconi Renata 
Published: June 2018

Background
The marine sponge Crambe crambe was chosen as an experimental model of sustainable shallow-water mariculture in the Sardinian Sea (Western Mediterranean) to provide biomass with high potential in applied research.

Methods
Explants were cultured in four long-term experiments (19 and 31 months at ca. 2.5 m depth), to determine the suitability of new culture techniques by testing substrata and seeding time (season), and monitoring survival and growth. Explants were excised and grown in an experimental plant close to the wild donor sponge population. Percentage growth rate (GR%) was measured in terms of surface cover area, and explant survival was monitored in situ by means of a digital photo camera.

Results
Explant survival was high throughout the trial, ranging from 78.57% to 92.85% on travertine tiles and from 50% to 71.42% on oyster shells. A few instances of sponge regression were observed. Explant cover area correlated positively with season on two substrata, i.e., tiles and shells. The surface cover area and GR% of explants were measured in the starting phase and monitored up to the end of the trial. High GR% values were observed both on tiles (>21%) and on oyster shells (>15%).

Discussion
The data on the behaviour and life-style of cultured fragments, together with an increase >2,400% in cover area, demonstrate that in situ aquaculture is a viable and sustainable method for the shallow-water biomass supply of Crambe crambe.
Identifying the predisposing factors, signs and symptoms of overreaching and overtraining in physical education professionals
Authors: Viana Ricardo B. , Gentil Paulo , Lorenço Vinício S. , Vieira Carlos A. , Campos Mário H. , Santos Douglas A.T. , Silva Wellington F. , Andrade Marilia S. , Vancini Rodrigo L. , de Lira Claudio A.B. 
Published: June 2018

Background
It is possible that physical education professionals, especially those who participate in aerobic activities, have predisposing factors, signs and symptoms of overreaching (OVR) and overtraining (OVT) due to a high load and volume of exercise followed by suboptimal recovery time. The present study aimed to identify the predisposing factors, signs and symptoms of OVR and OVT in physical education professionals.

Methods
A questionnaire consisting of 42 questions (10 questions group) about predisposing factors and signs/symptoms was answered by 132 physical education professionals from both sexes (83 men and 49 women) who were allocated into a resistance training group (RG, n = 74), aerobic training group (AG, n = 20) and resistance and aerobic training group (RAG, n = 38). A mean score was calculated ranging from 1 (completely absent) to 5 (severe) for each question group. A low occurrence of predisposing factors and signs and symptoms of OVR and OVT was considered to be a question group score 4 or lower. Profile of Mood State Questionnaire (POMS) was also applied.

Results
A mean score of 2.5 ± 0.7, 2.7 ± 0.7 and 2.7 ± 0.8 was found for all question groups for RG, AG and RAG, respectively. Of the total sample, 40.6% trained at least five times/week. The POMS revealed that 67.5% of the RG (n = 50), 80% of the AG (n = 16) and 60.5% of the RAG (n = 23) were classified as having no mood disorders and a standard graphic iceberg was presented. There were no statistical differences (p > 0.05) in the total mood disorders among RG (13.9 ± 24.5), AG (10.3 ± 25.1) and RAG (14.6 ± 27.9) groups.

Conclusion
Despite the volume of training/body working performed by the physical education professionals surveyed being greater than the recommended to achieve improvements on physical fitness, they did not show predisposing factors, signs or symptoms of OVR and OVT.
Multivalent Interactions between 2D Nanomaterials and Biointerfaces
Authors: Tu Zhaoxu , Guday Guy , Adeli Mohsen , Haag Rainer 
Published: June 2018

Abstract2D nanomaterials, particularly graphene, offer many fascinating physicochemical properties that have generated exciting visions of future biological applications. In order to capitalize on the potential of 2D nanomaterials in this field, a full understanding of their interactions with biointerfaces is crucial. The uptake pathways, toxicity, long‐term fate of 2D nanomaterials in biological systems, and their interactions with the living systems are fundamental questions that must be understood. Here, the latest progress is summarized, with a focus on pathogen, mammalian cell, and tissue interactions. The cellular uptake pathways of graphene derivatives will be discussed, along with health risks, and interactions with membranes—including bacteria and viruses—and the role of chemical structure and modifications. Other novel 2D nanomaterials with potential biomedical applications, such as transition‐metal dichalcogenides, transition‐metal oxide, and black phosphorus will be discussed at the end of this review.
Monolayer Transition Metal Dichalcogenides as Light Sources
Authors: Pu Jiang , Takenobu Taishi 
Published: June 2018

AbstractReducing the dimensions of materials is one of the key approaches to discovering novel optical phenomena. The recent emergence of 2D transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) has provided a promising platform for exploring new optoelectronic device applications, with their tunable electronic properties, structural controllability, and unique spin valley–coupled systems. This progress report provides an overview of recent advances in TMDC‐based light‐emitting devices discussed from several aspects in terms of device concepts, material designs, device fabrication, and their diverse functionalities. First, the advantages of TMDCs used in light‐emitting devices and their possible functionalities are presented. Second, conventional approaches for fabricating TMDC light‐emitting devices are emphasized, followed by introducing a newly established, versatile method for generating light emission in TMDCs. Third, current growing technologies for heterostructure fabrication, in which distinct TMDCs are vertically stacked or laterally stitched, are explained as a possible means for designing high‐performance light‐emitting devices. Finally, utilizing the topological features of TMDCs, the challenges for controlling circularly polarized light emission and its device applications are discussed from both theoretical and experimental points of view.
Stable Metal Anode enabled by Porous Lithium Foam with Superior Ion Accessibility
Authors: Hafez Ahmed M. , Jiao Yucong , Shi Jianjian , Ma Yi , Cao Daxian , Liu Yuanyue , Zhu Hongli 
Published: June 2018

AbstractLithium (Li) metal anodes have attracted much interest recently for high‐energy battery applications. However, low coulombic efficiency, infinite volume change, and severe dendrite formation limit their reliable implementation over a wide range. Here, an outstanding stability for a Li metal anode is revealed by designing a highly porous and hollow Li foam. This unique structure is capable of tackling many Li metal problems simultaneously: first, it assures uniform electrolyte distribution over the inner and outer electrode's surface; second, it reduces the local current density by providing a larger electroactive surface area; third, it can accommodate volume expansion and dissipate heat efficiently. Moreover, the structure shows superior stability compared to fully Li covered foam with low porosity, and bulky Li foil electrode counterparts. This Li foam exhibits small overpotential (≈25 mV at 4 mA cm−2) and high cycling stability for 160 cycles at 4 mA cm−2. Furthermore, when assembled, the porous Li metal as the anode with LiFePO4 as the cathode for a full cell, the battery has a high‐rate performance of 138 mAh g−1 at 0.2 C. The beneficial structure of the Li hollow foam is further studied through density functional theory simulations, which confirms that the porous structure has better charge mobility and more uniform Li deposition.
Hovering Microswimmers Exhibit Ultrafast Motion to Navigate under Acoustic Forces
Authors: Louf Jean‐François , Bertin Nicolas , Dollet Benjamin , Stephan Olivier , Marmottant Philippe 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe goal of this study is to engineer 3D‐microswimmers containing a bubble that can be stimulated and guided with acoustic waves emitted by transducers. By using 3D‐microfabrication techniques, 20 × 20 × 26 µm swimmers are designed with a trapped air bubble pointing toward the substrate, thus mimicking a hovercraft. Acoustic vibrations are then remotely applied to the bubble, which generates a strong steady flow (0.1–2 mm s−1), an effect referred as acoustic streaming, resulting in a jet below the hovercraft. It is found that the motion of the swimmer relies on two parameters, namely the frequency and amplitude of the acoustic wave. The swimmer velocities are measured and a very wide distribution from 0.05 to 350 mm s−1 or 17 500 body lengths is observed. Such a high velocity in terms of body length makes this swimmer one of the fastest among the different microswimmers reported in the literature. The motion of the swimmer is found to be a combination of two forces orientated in different directions: the streaming force and the radiation force. While the first one is reducing adhesion, the second one is helping the motion. Using different transducers orientated toward different directions, the swimmer is enabled to be navigated into different directions as well.