bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of prolonged febrile illness in elderly
Authors: Sahu Nirmal Chandra , Dash Prafulla Kumar , Maitra Arindam , Das Samarendra Nath , Tripathy Saroj Kumar 
Published: September 2019

Background: Febrile illness in elderly patients in hospitals is a challenge to the physician for diagnosis and treatment due to high morbidity as well as mortality and it increases if the febrile illness is prolonged. So proper evaluation and effective management is necessary for a better outcome. Keeping in mind the scarcity of studies in elderly febrile illness in India this study was taken up.Method: A prospective study was designed in medical ICU of S.C.B Medical college and Hospital, Cuttack Odisha, India. 50 patients were included in this study from July 2007 to December 2008. Institutional Ethics Committee cleared the study.Results: In 50 elderly (Age>60 yrs) patients of prolonged febrile illness, 36 (72%) were male and 14 (28%) were female. All had fever for >21 days. Pallor was the commonest sign (62%). 30 patients had infectious etiology, 15 had malignancies. Tuberculosis was the commonest infection (28%) comprising of 46.66% of infectious etiology with Pulmonary Tuberculosis (PTB) in 20% and Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis (ETB) in 26.66%. Malignancies accounted for 30% of cases with Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) in 33.33% being the commonest amongst the malignancies. On follow up of 50 patients 21 (42%) got cured.Conclusion: Febrile illness in elderly needs carefully evaluation as infections account for most of the cases and Tuberculosis in our part of India as a major cause in these patients is treatable. Malignancies remain the second most common cause where timely intervention goes a long way in reducing morbidity and mortality.
A gênese da eugenia e algumas reflexões contemporâneas
Authors: Almeida Maria Eneida de 
Published: September 2019

<strong>RESUMO:</strong> Este artigo destina-se a compreender as condições históricas da emergência da eugenia original, consolidada pela sociedade do século XIX, com um papel relevante na estruturação do Estado moderno capitalista, quando passou a ser uma ideologia individual, social, nacional, ocidental e científica. No século oitocentista, as relações de poder entre sociedade, Estado e ciência e os impactos na vida social e individual moldaram um mundo sob novos padrões baseados no paradigma social-darwinista, em um momento da história que se moldava um novo mundo e uma nova sociedade. Para esta pesquisa foi utilizado o método genealógico de Foucault, onde o saber é uma peça do mecanismo das relações de poder de uma sociedade e o corpo é um instrumento de dominação, e o sentido histórico dá a possibilidade de discriminar e delimitar os fatos originais da época em estudo. É com esta forma de olhar que buscamos esclarecer a emergência da eugenia no século XIX, sob uma ideia, palavra, conceito, ideologia e, ao final, a legitimidade da ciência eugênica. As considerações finais sublinham que entender a gênese da eugenia é essencial para se observar sua recorrência na contemporaneidade, visto que vivemos uma re-emergência eugênica – a nova eugenia, frente aos avanços da biotecnologia que busca possibilitar a longevidade, a cura para inúmeras doenças e, no limite, a “perfeição” humana, há séculos acalentada pela humanidade. Diante deste fato, o debate de grandes pensadores da biotecnologia contemporânea aponta algumas contradições inerentes a este processo.
Development of media-education and digital competencies using children and teen newspapers and magazines
Authors: Terzieva Margarita , Papancheva Rumyana 
Published: September 2019

This paper presents the authors research about the opportunity to develop digital and media competencies of future teachers using contemporary children and teen press. Short historical review of the impact of the periodic press on education is done. New digital environment gives new opportunities for both teachers and students to develop their ways of communication and to enrich the teaching and learning process. The teachers could proceed the education process outside the classroom, developing critical, logical, creative and analytical thinking. Students by themselves could create variety digitally based media to express knowledge and positions. In such a way, together with implication of media education, we have natural impact on the level of studentsâ€™ digital skills. Some results from a survey of 160 studentsâ€”future primary school teachers concerning their attitude to children and teen press as educational tool are presented. Some tendencies are outlined, and conclusions are formulated.
Keywords: Media education, primary school, children and teen press as educational tool.
Owls Are Good at Keeping Secrets: An Unusual Alphabet by S. O'Leary
Authors: Aitken Leslie 
Published: September 2019

O’Leary, Sara. Owls Are Good at Keeping Secrets: An Unusual Alphabet. Illustrated by Jacob Grant. Tundra Books, 2018.
From first to last, the phonic examples in O’Leary’s alphabet book are disarming:
“Aa
Alligators think you’d like them if you got to know them.”
“Zz
Zebras would like to be first. Just once.“
Unlike so many other authors of this genre, O’Leary rarely struggles to find simple, memorable examples of words that begin with the appropriate vowels and consonants. The sole exception in his work is the use of “Chipmunks” to illustrate the sound of the letter “C.” Child readers would have to be mature enough to recognize the digraph (ch) and be alert to its sound. That exception being noted, all of the other phonic illustrations—even the ones for the “difficult” sounds—are straight-forward, playful and engaging.
“Qq
Quail get quite tired of being told to be quiet.”
“Uu
Unicorns believe in themselves.
“Yy
Yaks giggle at their own jokes.”
Joseph Brant’s illustrations are all that they ought to be: large, clear, colourful and, most importantly in this type of book, unambiguous. His depiction of voles for the letter “V” is particularly endearing. Those of us involved in the field of children’s literature might want this illustration and its motto on our flag:
“Vv
Voles always want just one more book.”
In any case, we should ensure that this delightful book is on our children’s library shelves.
Highly recommended: 4 out of 4 starsReviewer: Leslie Aitken
Leslie Aitken’s long career in librarianship included selection of children’s literature for school, public, special and academic libraries. She was a Curriculum Librarian for the University of Alberta.
How mamas love their babies by J. Fitzgerald & E. Peterson
Authors: Adams Alexandra 
Published: September 2019

Fitzgerald, Juniper, and Elise Peterson. How mamas love their babies. The Feminist Press at the City University of New York, 2018.
The first children’s book from sociology PhD Juniper Fitzgerald and artist-activist Elise Peterson, How Mamas Love Their Babies gently approaches an intersectional understanding of motherhood, while also connecting the many shared experiences of becoming and being a mother.
Peterson creates a beautifully layered environment to accompany Fitzgerald’s bold, yet simple text. By overlaying colourful multimedia collage techniques with black and white retro photographs, the illustrations are dynamic and textured. The bright, engaging page design is inviting and makes this a wonderful selection for art educators looking for literacy tie-ins.
This book is notable for its acknowledgment and celebration of the many ways mothers work, love and care for their babies. Fitzgerald draws upon her personal experiences labouring in the sex industry to bring forward a unique space within the text by including parents whose work may be stigmatized. In doing so, she underlines the importance of ensuring children can find themselves, their caregivers and communities represented respectfully within the pages of a book.
A powerful, inclusive and decisively feminist addition to any children’s collection or storytime, Fizgerald and Peterson encourage readers to welcome, value and honour the presence of all mothers in the lives of their children and communities.
Highly Recommended: 4 out of 4 stars Reviewed by: Alexandra Adams
Alex is a busy mom, student and public library assistant, with a passion for Early Childhood Education and the Arts. She is currently working on her MLIS at the University of Alberta.
Efeito de bactérias diazotróficas nos componentes de produção de cana-de-açúcar infectadas pelo raquitismo das soqueiras
Authors: Souza Silvana Regina de , Daros Edelclaiton , Fragoso Reginaldo Batista , Ruaro Lucimeris 
Published: September 2019

Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito de bactérias diazotróficas nos componentes de produção de cana-de-açúcar infectadas pelo raquitismo das soqueiras causado por Leifsonia xyli subsp. xyli. O ensaio foi conduzido na Estação Experimental de Paranavaí, PR, no ano de 2010. Os tratamentos foram constituídos de plantas do genótipo SP77-5181 inoculadas com: 1. Azospirillum brasiliense estirpe AbV5 + Leifsonia xyli subsp. xyli; 2. Herbaspirillum seropedicae estirpe SmR1 + Leifsonia xyli subsp. xyli; 3. H. seropedicae estirpe HCC103 + Leifsonia xyli subsp. xyli; 4. Leifsonia xyli subsp. xyli; 5. Todas as bactérias (A. brasiliense estirpe AbV5 + H. seropedicae estirpes SmR1 e HCC103 + Leifsonia xyli subsp. xyli); 6. Testemunha sem inoculação. Foram realizadas as avaliações de: POL, toneladas de POL por hectare, teor de fibra, massa de 1 colmo, número de colmos por metro, estatura, diâmetro de colmos e toneladas de cana por hectare. A detecção do patógeno foi realizada pelo método Dot blot. O delineamento utilizado foi de blocos ao acaso, com três repetições. Verificou-se que H. seropedicae estirpe SmR1, mostrou-se como controlador biológico potencial à colonização de Leifsonia xyli subsp. xyli, baseando-se em evidências como aumento da massa dos colmos. Aparentemente a bactéria A. brasiliense estirpe: AbV5 não causou efeitos detectáveis nos componentes de produção avaliados.
Mathematical modeling and comparative analysis of the Ebola epidemic reveal effective control measures
Authors: Li Junlong , Song Caiping , Yang Jingya , Zheng Jingmin , Zhou Lina , Zhang Zhujun , Pu Jie , Luo Yang , Zhang Hongyan , Wang Yungui , Wen Luosheng , Wu Hao 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The Ebola virus disease (EVD) is a highly contagious disease which is caused by the Ebola virus . Various measures were used to prevent and control the spread of EVD. The aim of this study was to find out the most critical measures to prevent and control the spread of EVD. Both mathematical modeling and comparative analysis were used to explore the development process of EVD outbreak in Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone. The results of comparative analysis showed quarantined individuals before infection (R 2 = 0.848, ε = 1.012), safe burial teams (R 2 = 0.772, ε = 0.385), and the Ebola treatment units (ETU) bed (R 2 = 0.690, ε = 0.432) could significantly influence the incidence of EVD which were consistent with the results of mathematical modeling. These findings indicted that a timely and effective quarantine played a significant role in preventing and controlling the spread of EVD, and the findings would help us prevent and control the epidemic outbreak of new infectious disease in the future.
Recognition-behavioral stress-coping humoral glycolipids produced by medicated major psychoses patients
Authors: Masuda Yutaka 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background Mammalians have the recognition-behavioral stress-coping system regulated via the neuronal modules followed by some humoral glycolipids. A sulfated Galbeta1-4GlcNAc-lipid promotes the serotonergic module. GalNAcalpha1-3GalNAc-lipid promotes the adrenergic module. A Fucalpha1-2Glc-lipid protects the cholinergic module. Sialalpha2-3Gal-lipid promotes the dopaminergic module. Methods Major psychoses patients show the emotional and recognition-behavioral symptoms, and long-time medication does not completely delete the symptoms. I examined the recognition-behavioral stress-coping humoral glycolipids produced by medicated major psychoses patients. Results The major depression patients produced the sulfated Galbeta1-4GlcNAc-lipid and the sulfated Fucalpha1-2Glc-lipid, but deduced the GalNAcalpha1-3GalNAc-lipid. The mania patients produced the sulfated Galbeta1-4GlcNAc-lipid. The schizophrenia patients produced the sulfated Galbeta1-4GlcNAc-lipid, and remarkably produced the Sialalpha2-3Gal-lipid. Ruled out the medication-effects, the major depression patients decreased the serotonergic module function and the adrenergic module function, but increased the cholinergic module function. The mania patients increased the serotonergic module function and the adrenergic module function. The schizophrenia patients increased the serotonergic module function, and particularly increased the dopaminergic module function. Conclusion These suggest the stress-coping humoral glycolipids produced by the patients corresponded to the symptoms. Furthermore, I understood the humoral Sialalpha2-3Gal-lipid would be considered as another biomarker identifying schizophrenia.
Awareness on legal aspect of physical restraining among nurses in National Institute of Mental Health in Sri Lanka
Authors: Dasanayake Navodya Sewwandi , Nethmini Virangi Indrachapa , Kumari Nishanthi Manjula , Peiris Kumudumali Hansika , Vijayachithra Ganeshmurthi , Gunarathna Susil Menaka , Galgamuwa Lahiru Sandaruwan , Kumara Chandima , Fernando Neil 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background Physical restrain was one of the ancient interventions used to control psychiatric patients. It should be used for a short period, and a registered nurse is responsible to protect rights, treat with dignity and provide high quality care during patient restraining. The objective of the study was to assess knowledge, attitudes and practices on physical restraining among nurses in psychiatric wards and units in Sri Lanka.Methods A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the National Institute of Mental Health in Sri Lanka and a pretested self-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. The associations among the knowledge, attitudes, practices and socio-demographic factors were assessed.Results Knowledge of nursing officers’ regarding physical restraining was at a satisfactory level and increasing with working experience, getting formal education of physical restraining. However, there is no significant association between the knowledge on physical restraining and working experience, formal education of physical restraining and working places. In addition, most of attitudes and practices regarding physical restraining among nurses were not significantly associated with working experience, formal education of physical restraining and working places.Conclusions Participants had satisfactory knowledges, positive attitudes and favorable practices regarding physical restraining. Continuous in-service education programs important to improve the knowledge, attitudes and practices on physical restraining among nurses.
Associations between Apolipoprotein E(APOE) polymorphisms and Cerebral Palsy: a meta-analysis
Authors: Hongyan Chen , Yan Hua , Chen Chao , Cao Ying , Zhang Xinwen 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background Apolipoprotein E (APOE ) is one of the main apolipoproteins playing important roles in the central neuronal system. The relationship between polymorphisms and cerebral palsy (CP) is contradictory.Methods The overall experimental studies of APOE polymorphisms and CP risk were researched. We conducted eligible studies identified from Elsevier Science Direct, PubMed, Springer Link, WEB OF SCIENCE, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure and WanFang Data up to February 2019 to make a systematic review.Results Totally 10 eligible studies were used to meta-analysis (1570 CP cases and 1982 subjects). Significant associations with CP were observed for APOE polymorphisms in allele (ε4: P < 0.001, OR 2.05, 95% CI 1.40 to 2.99; ε2: P = 0.04, OR 1.41, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.96) and dominant (E4 carriers: P = 0.004, OR 1.90, 95% CI 1.23 to 2.92) models in overall analyses. Interestingly, subgroup analysis indicated a significant increased risk for CP in Chinese patients of CP with APOE ε4 (P<0.00001, OR 3.71, 95% CI 2.37 to 5.78) and E4 carriers(P<0.00001, OR 3.95, 95% CI 2.38 to 6.53), but not with APOE ε2 (P=0.69, OR 1.09, 95% CI 0.72 to 1.65).Conclusions Combined with the results of our analysis, we concluded that the risk of CP was significantly increased in ε4 individuals. But meta-analysis yielded an incongruent result for the APOE ε2 allele between in multi-ethnic samples and in Chinese subgroup. These conclusions should be confirmed through further studies.
Impact of diffusion and dispersion of contaminants in water distribution networks modelling and monitoring
Authors: Piazza Stefania , Blokker E. J. Mirjam , Freni Gabriele , Puleo Valeria , Sambito Mariacrocetta 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIn recent years, there has been a need to seek adequate preventive measures to deal with contamination in water distribution networks that may be related to the accidental contamination and the deliberate injection of toxic agents. Therefore, it is very important to create a sensor system that detects contamination events in real time, maintains the reliability and efficiency of measurements, and limits the cost of the instrumentation. To this aim, two problems have to be faced: practical difficulties connected to the experimental verification of the optimal sensor configuration efficiency on real operating systems and challenges related to the reliability of the network modelling approaches, which usually neglect the dispersion and diffusion phenomena. The present study applies a numerical optimization approach using the NSGA-II genetic algorithm that was coupled with a new diffusive-dispersive hydraulic simulator. The results are compared with those of an experimental campaign on a laboratory network (Enna, Italy) equipped with a real-time water quality monitoring system and those of a full-scale real distribution network (Zandvoort, Netherlands). The results showed the importance of diffusive processes when flow velocity in the network is low. Neglecting diffusion can negatively influence the water quality sensor positioning, leading to inefficient monitoring networks.
The Effects of Cholesterol Metabolism on Follicular Development and Ovarian Function
Authors: Huang Qin , Liu Yannan , Yang Zhen , Xie Yuanjie , Mo Zhongcheng 
Published: September 2019

:Cholesterol is an important substrate for the synthesis of ovarian sex hormones and has an important influence on follicular development. The cholesterol in follicular fluid is mainly derived from plasma. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) and lowdensity lipoprotein (LDL) play important roles in ovarian cholesterol transport. The knockout of related receptors in the mammalian HDL and LDL pathways results in the reduction or absence of fertility, leading us to support the importance of cholesterol homeostasis in the ovary. However, little is known about ovarian cholesterol metabolism and the complex regulation of its homeostasis. Here, we reviewed the cholesterol metabolism in the ovary and speculated that regardless of the functioning of cholesterol metabolism in the system or the ovarian microenvironment, an imbalance in cholesterol homeostasis is likely to have an adverse effect on ovarian structure and function.
Evaluation of Cytotoxic Activity of Lavandula stoechas Aerial Parts Fractions against HepG2 Cell Lines
Authors: Siddiqui Mohd. A. , Siddiqui Hefazat H. , Mishra Anuradha , Usmani Afreen 
Published: September 2019

Background:
Lavandula stoechas is the main member of Labiatae (Lamiaceae) family. People
use this medicinal plant in the treatment of several diseases around the world. The purpose of this
work was to evaluate the cytotoxic effect of different fractions like ethanol, ethyl acetate and n-hexane
from methanol extract of Lavandula stoechas aerial parts on HepG2 cell line and analysis of chemical
composition of the most active fraction of the Lavandula stoechas aerial parts.

Methods:
Methanolic extract was prepared by cold maceration. Fractions from extract were prepared in
solvents of increasing polarity i.e. n-hexane, ethyl acetate and ethanol. In order to evaluate the cytotoxic
effect of Lavandula stoechas, MTT assay method was used. For this purpose, HepG2 cells line were
treated with the above mentioned Lavandula stoechas aerial parts fractions with different concentrations
10, 25, 50, 100, 250, 500 and 1000 μg/ml. The cells without treatment were served as a control.

Results:
The result of this study showed that ethanolic fraction showed major reduction in % cell survival
compared to other fractions. These results showed that Lavandula stoechas Ethanolic fraction was
highly inhibitory. Further, phyto chemical analysis of ethanolic fraction was carried out using GC-MS
technique and the reports showed Lupeol, Phytol, α-Cadinol, Lup-20(29)-en-3-one, hydrocoumarin,
Lup-20(29)-en-3-one. Other compounds included fatty acids and their esters. Some of these compounds
are being first time reported here from this plant.

Conclusion:
MTT assay showed morphological changes, which clearly support Lavandula stoecha
ethanolic fraction possesses anticancer effect which may be due to the presence of phytosterols.
Cholesterol and Dementia: A Long and Complicated Relationship
Authors: McFarlane Oliwia , Kędziora-Kornatowska Kornelia 
Published: September 2019

Background:There is a huge demand for efficient strategies for maintaining cognitive wellbeing with age, especially in the context of population aging. Dementia constitutes the main reason for disability and dependency in the elderly. Identification of potential risk and protective factors, as well as determinants of conversion from MCI to dementia, is therefore crucial. In case of Alzheimer’s disease, the most prevalent dementia syndrome amongst the members of modern societies, neurodegenerative processes in the brain can begin many years before first clinical symptoms appear. First functional changes typically mean advanced neuron loss, therefore, the earliest possible diagnosis is critical for implementation of promising early pharmaceutical interventions.Objective:The study aimed to discuss the relationships between both circulating and brain cholesterol with cognition, and explore its potential role in early diagnosis of cognitive disorders.Methods:Literature review.Results:The causal role of high cholesterol levels in AD or MCI has not been confirmed. It has been postulated that plasma levels of 24(S)-OHC can potentially be used as an early biochemical marker of altered cholesterol homeostasis in the CNS. Some studies brought conflicting results, finding normal or lowered levels of 24(S)-OHC in dementia patients compared to controls. In spite of decades of research on the relationship between cholesterol and dementia, so far, no single trusted indicator of an early cognitive deterioration has been identified.Conclusion:The current state of knowledge makes the use of cholesterol markers of cognitive decline in clinical practice impossible