bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Straightforward One-Pot Syntheses of Silylamides of Magnesium and Calcium via an In Situ Grignard Metalation Method
Authors: Krieck Sven , Schüler Philipp , Peschel Jan , Westerhausen Matthias 
Published: December 2018

Calcium bis[bis(trimethylsilyl)amide] (Ca(HMDS)2) is a widely used reagent in diverse stoichiometric and catalytic applications. These processes necessitate a straightforward and large-scale access of this complex. Calcium does not react with primary and secondary amines, but the addition of excess bromoethane to a mixture of calcium turnings and amines in THF at room temperature yields the corresponding calcium bis(amides), calcium bromide and ethane. This in situ Grignard metalation method (iGMM) allows the preparation of calcium bis(amides) from secondary and primary trialkylsilyl-substituted amines and anilines on a multigram scale.1	Background2	The In Situ Grignard Metalation Method (iGMM)3	Properties of [(thf)2M(HMDS)2]4	Applications and Perspective
Citología urinaria: ¿Qué sabemos?
Authors: López Oscar Leguizamón , Donoso Wilfredo Donoso , Barrios Andrés , Varela Rodolfo 
Published: December 2018

ResumenEl cáncer de vejiga es, en frecuencia, el segundo cáncer urológico y representa una mortalidad significativa. Es necesario entonces contar con herramientas diagnósticas efectivas que contribuyan a la toma de decisiones terapéuticas y de seguimiento. La citología urinaria es un método útil para dicho fin, pese a que es bien conocida su baja capacidad de identificación de tumores de bajo grado. Se ha demostrado cómo la citología urinaria es capaz de predecir la presencia de tumores uroteliales de alto grado que son, finalmente, aquellos que ameritan intervención pronta y ponen en riesgo la vida del paciente. Correctamente utilizada, la citología urinaria representa un apoyo fundamental en la toma de decisiones cuando el urólogo aborda el cáncer de vejiga.
Protein kinase p38α signaling in dendritic cells regulates colon inflammation and tumorigenesis
Authors: Zheng Tingting , Zhang Baohua , Chen Ce , Ma Jingyu , Meng Deyun , Huang Jian , Hu Ran , Liu Xinguang , Otsu Kinya , Liu Andrew C. , Li Huabin , Yin Zhinan , Huang Gonghua 
Published: December 2018

Significance
Dendritic cells (DCs) are known to mediate immune regulatory networks in response to intestinal epithelial barrier disruption, but underlying signaling pathways and molecular mechanisms are not well understood. Here, we show that genetic disruption of p38α in DCs leads to higher levels of differentiated type 1 regulatory T cells and group 3 innate lymphoid cells. Specifically, p38α signaling in intestinal cDC1s, but not cDC2s or T cells, mediates colitis pathogenesis. Together, our results suggest that p38α MAPK represents a major signaling network in DCs that regulates inflammation and contributes to epithelial barrier function in colitis and associated colorectal cancer. Furthermore, our finding suggests that p38α signaling in DCs may represent a target for the treatment of inflammatory intestinal diseases.
Singapore Mandarin Chinese
Authors: Lin Jingxia , Khoo Yong Kang 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Given the historical and linguistic contexts of Singapore, it is both theoretically and practically significant to study Singapore
Mandarin (SM), an important member of Global Chinese. This paper aims to present a relatively comprehensive linguistic picture of
SM by overviewing current studies, particularly on the variations that distinguish SM from other Mandarin varieties, and to serve
as a reference for future studies on SM. This paper notes that (a) current studies have often provided general descriptions of the
variations, but less on individual variations that may lead to more theoretical discussions; (b) the studies on SM are primarily
based on comparisons with Mainland China Mandarin; (c) language contact has been taken as the major contributor of the variation
in SM, whereas other factors are often neglected; and (d) corpora with SM data are comparatively less developed and the evaluation
of data has remained largely in descriptive statistics.
双音节动词 “把” 字句的焦点考察
Authors: Xie Chenwei 
Published: December 2018

抽象
本文将“把”字句中可出现的双音节动词按其构词形式的不同分为六类，并从音高、音长和音强三方面进行定量分析。结果表明，六组双音节动词“把”字句的韵律分布模式均是在动词处出现调域的最大值、音长的延长和音强的增幅，这说明“把”字句的焦点在动词上，“把”字句通过句法操作和语音韵律操作来凸显处置义。
Effects of fluvoxamine on nerve growth factor-induced neurite outgrowth inhibition by dexamethasone in PC12 cells
Authors: Matsushima Yukari , Terada Kazuki , Takata Jiro , Karube Yoshiharu , Kamei Chiaki , Sugimoto Yumi 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACT
In the present study, we examined the effects of fluvoxamine on nerve growth factor (NGF)-induced neurite outgrowth inhibition by dexamethasone (DEX) in PC12 cells. Fluvoxamine increased NGF-induced neurite outgrowth. Compared with co-treatment with NGF and fluvoxamine, p-Akt levels were higher than the values without fluvoxamine. The phosphorylated extracellular regulated kinase 1/2 levels were slightly increased by co-treatment with NGF and fluvoxamine. Fluvoxamine concentration-dependently improved NGF-induced neurite outgrowth inhibition by DEX. Fluvoxamine also improved the decrease in the NGF-induced p-Akt level caused by DEX. Interestingly, the sigma-1 receptor antagonist NE-100 blocked the improvement effects of fluvoxamine on NGF-induced neurite outgrowth inhibition by DEX. The selective sigma-1 receptor agonist PRE-084 also improved NGF-induced neurite outgrowth inhibition by DEX, which is blocked by NE-100. These results indicate that the improvement effects of fluvoxamine on NGF-induced neurite outgrowth inhibition by DEX may be attributable to the phosphorylation of Akt and the sigma-1 receptor.
Prepositional City: Spatial Practice and Micro-Neighborhood in Renaissance Florence
Authors: Eckstein Nicholas A. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe famous Florentine tax census, the Catasto, contains an element that has escaped organized scholarly attention. This is theconfini:bare-bones lists of neighbors by which householders identified the location of private property to government officials. This article exploits theconfinito expose the microscopic connective fibers of spatial relationships that citizens reproduced every day at the level of individual streets, piazze, and buildings. Laying bare these elusive, ephemeral processes reveals how Florentines, like the inhabitants of other premodern European centers, conceived, articulated, and produced notions of urban space amid the structures and mundane rhythms of everyday life.
Popcorn Capsulorrhaphy in Revision Aesthetic Breast Surgery
Authors: Calobrace M Bradley , Mays Chet , Wilson Ryan , Wermeling Ryan 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBackgroundControl of the pocket in revisional breast surgery can be technically challenging and unpredictable. A capsulorrhaphy technique has been utilized in altering capsules in secondary aesthetic breast surgery.ObjectivesThe authors sought to determine the effectiveness of popcorn capsulorrhaphy in revisional breast surgery.MethodsA retrospective chart review of revisional breast cases utilizing popcorn capsulorrhaphy was conducted between September 2015 and August 2017. Only aesthetic breast cases were included. Data were collected for 149 patients.ResultsOne hundred forty-nine patients representing 266 breasts were operated on. The average patient age was 42 years and the mean body mass index was 24.2 kg/m2. The average time from their original surgery to the popcorn capsulorrhaphy secondary procedure was 9.3 years. Indications for capsulorrhaphy included malposition in 163 breasts (61.3%), implant positioning for breast ptosis in 34 breasts (12.8%), pocket adjustment for implant size change in 49 breasts (18.4%), and postexplantation pocket reduction in 20 breasts (7.5%). Of the 266 implants, 145 (54.5%) were smooth, 101 (38%) textured, and 20 (7.5%) were explanted. The average original implant size was 405 cc and the average size placed at the time of capsulorrhaphy was 422 cc. Two hundred thirty-six (88.7%) were in a submuscular pocket and 30 (11.3%) were subglandular. The total number of complications was 39 (14.7%), and 16 (6%) required some type of operative revision.ConclusionsPopcorn capsulorrhaphy can provide pocket control and stability with low complication and revision rates. The addition of a mesh or biologic at the time of popcorn capsulorrhaphy can further lower the complication and revision rates.Level of Evidence: 4
The metastasis suppressor, NDRG1, attenuates oncogenic TGF-β and NF-κB signaling to enhance membrane E-cadherin expression in pancreatic cancer cells
Authors: Menezes Sharleen V , Fouani Leyla , Huang Michael L H , Geleta Bekesho , Maleki Sanaz , Richardson Alexander , Richardson Des R , Kovacevic Zaklina 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe metastasis suppressor, N-myc downstream-regulated gene-1 (NDRG1), plays multifaceted roles in inhibiting oncogenic signaling and can suppress the epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT), a key step in metastasis. In this investigation, NDRG1 inhibited the oncogenic effects of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) in PANC-1 pancreatic cancer cells, promoting expression and co-localization of E-cadherin and β-catenin at the cell membrane. A similar effect of NDRG1 at supporting E-cadherin and β-catenin co-localization at the cell membrane was also demonstrated for HT-29 colon and CFPAC-1 pancreatic cancer cells. The increase in E-cadherin in PANC-1 cells in response to NDRG1 was mediated by the reduction of three transcriptional repressors of E-cadherin, namely SNAIL, SLUG and ZEB1. To dissect the mechanisms how NDRG1 inhibits nuclear SNAIL, SLUG and ZEB1, we assessed involvement of the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway, as its aberrant activation contributes to the EMT. Interestingly, NDRG1 comprehensively inhibited oncogenic NF-κB signaling at multiple sites in this pathway, suppressing NEMO, Iĸĸα and IĸBα expression, as well as reducing the activating phosphorylation of Iĸĸα/β and IĸBα. NDRG1 also reduced the levels, nuclear co-localization and DNA-binding activity of NF-κB p65. Further, Iĸĸα, which integrates NF-κB and TGF-β signaling to upregulate ZEB1, SNAIL and SLUG, was identified as an NDRG1 target. Considering this, therapies targeting NDRG1 could be a new strategy to inhibit metastasis, and as such, we examined novel anticancer agents, namely di-2-pyridylketone thiosemicarbazones, which upregulate NDRG1. These agents downregulated SNAIL, SLUG and ZEB1 in vitro and in vivo using a PANC-1 tumor xenograft model, demonstrating their marked potential.
Ascending aortic rupture after zone 2 endovascular repair: a multiparametric computational analysis
Authors: van Bakel Theodorus M J , Burris Nicholas S , Patel Himanshu J , Figueroa C Alberto 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
A 74-year-old woman expired from ascending aortic rupture 3 months following branched zone 2 endovascular aortic repair. Multiparametric image-based computational evaluation of this case suggested that the stiffness mismatch between the endograft and the native aorta increased haemodynamic loads and likely led to the rupture of the ascending aorta. This under-recognized phenomenon should be considered in preoperative planning and presents suggestions for endograft development.
Prevention of Influenza Hospitalization Among Adults in the United States, 2015–2016: Results From the US Hospitalized Adult Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness Network (HAIVEN)
Authors: Ferdinands Jill M , Gaglani Manjusha , Martin Emily T , Middleton Don , Monto Arnold S , Murthy Kempapura , Silveira Fernanda P , Talbot H Keipp , Zimmerman Richard , Alyanak Elif , Strickland Courtney , Spencer Sarah , Fry Alicia M ,   HAIVEN Study Investigators, Gaglani Manjusha , McNeal Tresa , Robertson Anne , Rao Arundhati , Chang Kevin , Walker Kimberly , Wimberly Meredith , Murthy Kempapura , Kilpatrick Laurel , Ghamande Shekhar , Arroliga Alejandro , Zimmerman Richard , Middleton Donald , Silveira Fernanda , Eng Heather , Sax Theresa , Paronish Julie , Saul Sean , Goundappa Balasubramani , Nowalk Mary Patricia , Rinaldo Charles , Bullota Arlene , Steiffel Lori , Pakstis Diana , Monto Arnold , Martin Emily , Malosh Ryan , Petrie Joshua , Lauring Adam , Cheng Caroline , Segaloff Hannah , McSpadden E J , Johnson Emileigh , Truscon Rachel , Lamerato Lois , Davis Susan , Zervos Marcus , Talbot H Keipp , Wyatt Dayna , Zhu Yuwei , Liu Zhouwen , McHenry Rendie , Griffin Marie , Halasa Natasha , Calvillo Sandra Alvarez , Longmire Stephanie , Zipperer Erin , Stewart Laura , Ferdinands Jill , Fry Alicia , Alyanak Elif , Strickland Courtney , Spencer Sarah , Flannery Brendan , Chung Jessie , Xu Xiyan , Lindstrom Stephen , Berman LaShondra , Sessions Wendy , Kondor Rebecca 
Published: December 2018

Abstract

Background
Evidence establishing effectiveness of influenza vaccination for prevention of severe illness is limited. The US Hospitalized Adult Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness Network (HAIVEN) is a multiyear test-negative case-control study initiated in 2015–2016 to estimate effectiveness of vaccine in preventing influenza hospitalization among adults.

Methods
Adults aged ≥18 years admitted to 8 US hospitals with acute respiratory illness and testing positive for influenza by polymerase chain reaction were cases; those testing negative were controls. Vaccine effectiveness was estimated with logistic regression adjusting for age, comorbidities, and other confounding factors and stratified by frailty, 2-year vaccination history, and clinical presentation.

Results
We analyzed data from 236 cases and 1231 controls; mean age was 58 years. More than 90% of patients had ≥1 comorbidity elevating risk of influenza complications. Fifty percent of cases and 70% of controls were vaccinated. Vaccination was 51% (95% confidence interval [CI], 29%–65%) and 53% (95% CI, 11%–76%) effective in preventing hospitalization due to influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 and influenza B virus infection, respectively. Vaccine was protective for all age groups.

Conclusions
During the 2015–2016 US influenza A(H1N1)pdm09–predominant season, we found that vaccination halved the risk of influenza-association hospitalization among adults, most of whom were at increased risk of serious influenza complications due to comorbidity or age.
Disc Geometry is an Accurate Predictor of Lordotic Correction in the Thoracolumbar Spine Following Schwab Grade 2 Osteotomy: A Cadaveric Study and Biomechanical Analysis of Disc Space Changes Following Lordotic Correction
Authors: Bohl Michael A , Hlubek Randall J , Mooney Michael A , Chapple Kristina M , Preul Mark C , Chang Steve W , Turner Jay D , Kakarla U Kumar 
Published: December 2018

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Posterior column osteotomy (PCO) is a powerful technique for correcting lordosis, but the surgical literature lacks objective evidence on preoperative predictors of achievable lordotic correction following PCO.

OBJECTIVE
To measure the correlation between disc geometry and achievable lordotic correction following Schwab grade 2 osteotomies and to describe geometric changes to disc space following lordotic correction.

METHODS
Schwab grade 2 osteotomies were performed from T1 to S1 in 5 cadavers. Lateral radiographs were taken before and after posterior column compression. Anterior disc height (ADH), middle disc height (MDH), posterior disc height (PDH), and lordotic angles were measured. The association between disc height and lordotic correction was analyzed using linear regression.

RESULTS
For all spinal levels (n = 79), PDH was most strongly correlated with lordotic correction (r = 0.72, P < .001). Regional subset analyses showed the strongest correlation between PDH and lordotic correction achievable within the lumbar spine (n = 22, r = 0.77, P < .001), followed by ADH for lower thoracic spine (n = 29, r = 0.65, P < .001) and PDH for upper thoracic spine (n = 28, r = 0.61, P = .001). Postcorrection analysis of disc heights revealed that as lordotic correction increases, the PDH decreases, and the ADH expands.

CONCLUSION
PDH is a strong predictor of achievable lordotic correction following Schwab grade 2 osteotomies and compression of an intact disc space. In the lumbar spine, 50% of lordotic change is predictable using PDH alone. Further testing of our linear regression equation is planned for prospective clinical studies, and further testing of postcorrection disc space geometry is planned for future biomechanical and surgical technique studies.
International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health Domains of 60 Physical Functioning Measurement Instruments Used During the Adult Intensive Care Unit Stay: A Scoping Review
Authors: González-Seguel Felipe , Corner Evelyn Jane , Merino-Osorio Catalina 
Published: December 2018

Abstract

Background
There has been a recent surge in the creation and adaptation of instruments to measure physical functioning (PF) in the intensive care unit (ICU). Selecting the right measurement instrument depends on understanding the core constructs that it measures in terms of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) domains.

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to map systematically the ICF domains and subdomains included in the PF measurement instruments used for adult patients during the ICU stay.

Data Sources
A systematic search was carried out in Cochrane CENTRAL, PubMed, CINAHL, and LILACS as well as a hand search up to May 17, 2017.

Study Selection
Study selection included all types of research articles that used at least 1 PF measurement instrument in adult patients within the ICU.

Data Extraction
Study design, year of publication, study population, and the measurement instruments reported were recorded. A consensus of experts analyzed the ICF domains included in each instrument.

Data Synthesis
We found 181 articles containing 60 PF measurement instruments used during the ICU stay. Twenty-six ICF domains were identified, 38 instruments included Mobility, and 13 included Muscle function.

Limitations
Studies not written in English or Spanish were excluded.

Conclusions
There are numerous PF measurement instruments used in adult patients in the ICU. The most frequent ICF domain measured is Mobility. This study highlights the ICF domains contained in the instruments that can be used clinically, providing a complete database of instruments that could facilitate selection of the most appropriate measure based on the patients’ needs.
Role of Vacuum-Assisted Closure in the Management of Crohn Anal Fistulas
Authors: Hermann Jacek , Banasiewicz Tomasz , Kołodziejczak Barbara 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND:
Patients with Crohn disease–related anal fistulas are treated with debridement of fistulous tracts and the placement of noncutting setons (NCSs). However, to reduce the high recurrence rate, there is still a need to develop more effective treatment methods.

OBJECTIVE:
To compare NCS with vacuum-assisted closure (VAC) treatment.

METHODS:
Medical records of 47 patients with Crohn anal fistulas were retrospectively evaluated. They were divided into two groups (I, VAC; II, NCS), consisting of 24 and 23 patients, respectively. The fistulas in the former group were applied with VAC, whereas NCSs were placed in the latter group. Fistula healing was evaluated with the Fistula Drainage Assessment classification, Perianal Disease Activity Index, and the van Assche MRI-Based Score.

RESULTS:
There was a significant difference (P = .006) between the groups; closure of all fistulas at 6 months after treatment was achieved in 18 patients (75%) from group 1, compared with 8 patients (35%) from group 2. Partial response occurred in five patients (21%) from group 1 and in five patients (22%) from group 2. Closure of fistulous tracts was visualized via MRI in nine patients (37.50%) from group 1, more than twice as many patients as from group 2.

CONCLUSIONS:
Because preliminary results of the study showed a high rate of closure after application of VAC to Crohn anal fistulas, this method might be considered a novel sphincter-saving procedure.
Comprehensive Immune Monitoring of Clinical Trials to Advance Human Immunotherapy
Authors: Hartmann Felix J. , Babdor Joel , Gherardini Pier Federico , Amir El-Ad D. , Jones Kyle , Sahaf Bita , Marquez Diana M. , Krutzik Peter , O’Donnell Erika , Sigal Natalia , Maecker Holden T. , Meyer Everett , Spitzer Matthew H. , Bendall Sean C. 
Published: December 2018

SummaryThe success of immunotherapy has led to a myriad of new clinical trials. Connected to these trials are efforts to discover biomarkers providing mechanistic insight and predictive signatures for personalization. Still, the plethora of immune monitoring technologies can face investigator bias, missing unanticipated cellular responses in limited clinical material. We here present a mass cytometry workflow for standardized, systems-level biomarker discovery in immunotherapy trials. To broadly enumerate human immune cell identity and activity, we established and extensively assessed a reference panel of 33 antibodies to cover major cell subsets, simultaneously quantifying activation and immune checkpoint molecules in a single assay. The resulting assay enumerated ≥ 98% of peripheral immune cells with ≥ 4 positively identifying antigens. Robustness and reproducibility were demonstrated on multiple samples types, across research centers and by orthogonal measurements. Using automated analysis, we monitored complex immune dynamics, identifying signatures in bone-marrow transplantation associated graft-versus-host disease. This validated and available workflow ensures comprehensive immunophenotypic analysis, data comparability and will accelerate biomarker discovery in immunomodulatory therapeutics.
Abundance and community composition of comammox bacteria in different ecosystems by a universal primer set
Authors: Zhao Zhirong , Huang Guohe , Wang Mingyuan , Zhou Nan , He Shishi , Dang Chenyuan , Wang Jiawen , Zheng Maosheng 
Published: December 2018

AbstractComplete ammonia oxidizing bacteria (CAOB) have been recognized as a new member of ammonia-oxidizing microorganisms (AOMs) due to its single-step nitrification capability. However, the abundance and diversity of CAOB in environmental ecosystems were still far from known owing to the lack of specific molecular marker. Herein, a universal primer set specifically targeting the both clades of CAOBamoAgene with high specificity and coverage was successfully designed. Intriguingly, real-time quantitative PCR tests revealed that CAOB were ubiquitous and unexpectedly abundant in agricultural soils, river sediments, intertidal zones, drinking water and wastewater treatment systems. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that clade A existed in all the five types of ecosystems, while clade B were only detected in soil and sediment samples. Four sub-clusters were further classified within clade A, in whichN. nitrosacluster dominated CAOBamoAin activated sludge samples while the new recognized soil cluster was the primary constitute in soils. Moreover, the niche specialization between different CAOB species and the environmental conditions were supposed to be the primary driven force to shape the diversity and community of CAOB. This study provided a strong evidence in support of the ubiquities and high abundances of CAOB in various environmental ecosystems and highlighted the significance of including CAOB as the new member of AOMs to re-evaluate the biogeochemical nitrogen cycle.