bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fractional 532‐nm KTP diode laser and 595‐nm pulsed dye laser in treatment of facial telangiectatic erythema
Authors: Nam Chan Hee , Kim Myung Hwa , Hong Seung Phil , Park Byung Cheol 
Published: July 2018

SummaryBackgroundA 595‐nm pulsed dye laser (PDL) and the fractional 532‐nm potassium titanyl phosphate (KTP) laser have also been demonstrated to be effective for facial telangiectasias.ObjectiveTo compare the clinical therapeutic effects of a fractional 532‐nm KTP laser with those of a 595‐nm pulsed dye laser (PDL) for treating facial erythematous skin lesions.MethodsTwenty healthy adults with facial erythematous skin lesions were treated using a fractional 532‐nm KTP laser on one side of the face and a 595‐nm PDL on the other cheek. Three treatments were administered at 4‐week intervals. The degree of improvement in facial telangiectasias was evaluated by colorimeter analysis, a physician's assessment using clinical photographs, and the subject's self‐assessment.ResultsIn the physician's assessment with clinical photography, a significant improvement was observed from baseline to posttreatment in both groups. As measured by a colorimeter, the a* value decreased from 16.23 (±2.81) to 12.22 (±2.75) in the 595‐nm PDL group and from 16.02 (±2.93) to 12.77 (±2.77) in the fractional 532‐nm KTP laser group. The a* value showed a significant reduction in both groups (P < .0001). There was no significant difference in efficacy between the two groups. In the subjective self‐assessment, scores improved by 1.68 (±0.95) in the fractional 532‐nm KTP laser group and by 1.78 (±0.92) in the 595‐nm PDL group.ConclusionA fractional 532‐nm KTP laser is a valid option for the treatment of facial erythematous skin lesions with telangiectasia.
Daily walking is effective for the management of pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus
Authors: Hayashi Ayako , Oguchi Hidenori , Kozawa Yumi , Ban Yukiko , Shinoda Junji , Suganuma Nobuhiko 
Published: July 2018

AbstractAimThis study evaluated the usefulness of daily walking for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) management by analyzing the relationship between daily walking and glucose tolerance in pregnant women with GDM who were in the second trimester.MethodsThis longitudinal study was conducted at TOYOTA Memorial Hospital in Toyota, Japan, from January 2015 to June 2016. Pregnant women with GDM wore accelerometers on the waist for 7–12 weeks.ResultsSeventy‐three women with GDM were included in the present study; data collected from 24 women were analyzed. The estimated number of steps walked daily showed a significant positive correlation (r = 0.798, P = 0.000) with energy expenditure related to physical activity. There was a significant negative correlation (r = −0.603, P = 0.014) between the post‐ to pre‐research casual glucose level (CGL) ratio and the number of steps walked daily. No significant correlation (r = −0.004, P = 0.986) was detected between the ratio of hemoglobin A1c and the number of steps taken. When the study was completed, the 11 participants who walked ≥6000 steps/day showed significantly lower CGL (95 + 10 mg/dL [mean + SD]) than the 13 participants in the <6000 steps/day group (111 + 18 mg/dL) (P = 0.013).ConclusionSimple walking for light intensity physical activity is effective for controlling the CGL in pregnant women with GDM. We recommend that pregnant women with GDM should walk a minimum of 6000 steps/day.
Uterine rupture due to placenta percreta in the first trimester of a pregnancy subsequent to a transverse uterine fundal cesarean section: A case report
Authors: Ishida Hiroaki , Takashima Akiko , Nagaoka Masahiro , Takeshita Naoki , Kinoshita Toshihiko 
Published: July 2018

AbstractTransverse uterine fundal cesarean section in cases of total placenta previa reduces blood loss, but its influence on subsequent pregnancies, including the uterine rupture risk, remains unclear. We report a case of uterine rupture due to placenta percreta in the first trimester in a 43‐year‐old woman who underwent transverse uterine fundal incision in a previous pregnancy (at 40 years old). The patient did not undergo assessment of the uterine scare after the previous operation. Oocyte donation and in vitro fertilization at another institution resulted in the current pregnancy. At 11 weeks 3 days, she was admitted to the emergency department because of sudden severe abdominal pain. Ultrasound showed massive accumulation of free fluid in the peritoneal cavity and the fetus was outside the uterine cavity; uterine rupture was diagnosed. During emergency laparotomy, the uterine rupture was detected at exactly the previous incision site; a total hysterectomy was performed. Pregnancy after a transverse uterine fundal cesarean section is at high risk. As uterine scar dehiscence might have caused the uterine rupture, wounds should be evaluated before allowing subsequent pregnancies.
Female adnexal tumor of probable Wolffian origin arising from mesosalpinx: A case report and review
Authors: Liu Lenan , Fang Qin , Xing Yan 
Published: July 2018

AbstractFemale adnexal tumors of probable Wolffian origin (FATWO) are a rare neoplasm from the mesonephric duct remnants with less than 90 cases having been reported worldwide. A 34‐year‐old nulliparous woman was referred to our clinic for a recent discovery of a pelvic mass, the diagnosis of FATWO has been confirmed based on the pathological and immunohistochemical results.
Efficacy of Cyberbullying Prevention on Somatic Symptoms—Randomized Controlled Trial Applying a Reasoned Action Approach
Authors: Zagorscak Pavle , Schultze‐Krumbholz Anja , Heinrich Manuel , Wölfer Ralf , Scheithauer Herbert 
Published: July 2018

The theory of reasoned action (ToRA) has been proposed as a framework for cyberbullying prevention design, targeting attitudes and norms. In this study effects of a long (10 weekly sessions) and a short (one day, four sessions) cyberbullying prevention program based on the ToRA were compared with a control group over 9 months. Longitudinal data from 722 students (mean age = 13.36) on cyberbullying, somatic symptoms, attitudes, and norms were analyzed within a structural equation model. Participation in the long intervention group significantly reduced cyberbullying (d = −0.584) and somatic symptoms (d = −0.316). No between‐group differences emerged for attitudes and norms. Developmental trajectories and associations were found to be as suggested by ToRA in both cross‐sectional and change‐score analyses.
A comparison of RATA questions with descriptive analysis: Insights from three studies with complex/similar products
Authors: Ares Gastón , Picallo Alejandra , Coste Beatriz , Antúnez Lucía , Vidal Leticia , Giménez Ana , Jaeger Sara R. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractConsumer‐based methods for sensory product characterization continue to gain popularity. Considering that past research is mostly limited to cases where samples are sensorially simple or markedly different, the aim of this study was to compare descriptive analysis (DA) by trained assessors with product characterizations from consumers using rate‐all‐that‐apply (RATA) questions using samples that can be regarded as quite similar or quite complex. The results from three studies showed that sample differentiation was higher in DA than RATA and that information about sample similarities and differences tended to be dissimilar. The exception was Study 1 where samples were least complex. The discrepancy between the two types of panels was least evident for appearance and color attributes and basic tastes (sweet, sour, and salty), and in these instances, the correlation between attribute intensities was clearly linear (R2 = 0.46). The discrepancy was highest for complex sensory terms and terms relating to specific odors/flavors. While past research suggests that it may be possible to improve the agreement between the two methods by providing consumers with short training (samples, terms, and rating scale), practitioners should consider that training of consumers may reduce the ecological validity of their responses.Practical applicationsCharacterization of the properties of products is a cornerstone activity for sensory professionals, and to achieve this task, several methods are available. This study contributes insight regarding the choice of descriptive analysis (DA) with trained assessors or rate‐all‐that‐apply (RATA) questions with consumers. If the products are not sensorially complex, then product characterization by consumers provide the same insights as DA. However, this study shows that when samples are sensorially complex and/or similar, RATA is less discriminative than DA and provides information about sample similarities and differences that is not the same as that generated by DA. Practitioners are advised to select sensory description methodology based on the objectives of their research, and when an understanding of consumers' perceptions of products is desired, A consumer‐based methodology should be used.
The effect of 25‐hydroxyvitamin D3 and phytase inclusion on pig performance, bone parameters and pork quality in finisher pigs
Authors: Duffy Sarah K. , Kelly Alan K. , Rajauria Gaurav , Clarke Louise C. , Gath Vivian , Monahan Frank J. , O'Doherty John V. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe objective of this study was to investigate the effects of supplementing both phytase and 25‐hydroxyvitamin D3 (25‐OH‐D₃) on pig performance, nutrient digestibility, carcass characteristics, bone parameters and pork quality in finisher pigs. The experimental design was a 2 × 2 factorial comprising of four dietary treatments. One hundred and twenty pigs (60 male, 60 female) were blocked according to live weight and sex and allocated to the following dietary treatments: low P (4.81 g/kg) diet (basal) (T1); low P diet + phytase (T2); low P diet + 25‐OH‐D₃ (T3) and low P diet + phytase + 25‐OH‐D₃ (T4). Pigs supplemented with phytase had a lower average daily feed intake (ADFI) (2.45 kg vs. 2.59 kg; p < 0.05) and lower feed conversion ratio (FCR) (2.74 kg/kg vs. 2.85 kg/kg; p < 0.05) compared to pigs offered the nonphytase diets. Pigs offered phytase diets had a higher (p < 0.05) coefficient of apparent total tract digestibility (CATTD) of ash, phosphorous (P) and calcium (Ca) compared with pigs offered the nonphytase supplemented diets. Pigs offered the 25‐OH‐D3 diets had a higher CATTD of N and ash. Pigs offered the phytase diets had increased (p < 0.05) bone DM, ash, Ca, P and density compared to the nonphytase diets. There was a significant interaction (p < 0.05) between phytase and 25‐OH‐D3 on cook loss. Pigs offered 25‐OH‐D3 had increased cook loss over the basal diet; however, there was no effect on cook loss when phytase and 25‐OH‐D3 were offered in combination compared to the phytase only diet. Pigs offered 25‐OH‐D3 exhibited higher (p < 0.05) Warner Bratzler shear force values and lower (p < 0.05) pork lightness (L*) surface colorimeter values. In conclusion, there was no benefit to offering a combination of phytase and 25‐OH‐D3 on pig performance, bone parameters or pork quality.
Analysis of metabolic profiles of generalized aggressive periodontitis
Authors: Chen H. W. , Zhou W. , Liao Y. , Hu S. C. , Chen T. L. , Song Z. C. 
Published: July 2018

Background and ObjectiveThe specific pathogenesis of generalized aggressive periodontitis (GAgP) has not yet been clarified, and few studies have focused on the association between GAgP and metabolomics. To elucidate the roles of metabolic profiles in the status of GAgP, this study aimed to identify the differential metabolic profiles between patients with GAgP and healthy controls using an untargeted metabolomic profiling method.Material and MethodsSerum and gingival crevicular fluid samples were collected from healthy controls (n = 20) and patients with GAgP (n = 20) in this cross‐sectional study. The relative levels of biomarkers in the samples were measured by gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry. Principal components analysis and orthogonal partial least‐squares discriminant analysis were used for statistical analysis. Metabolites were analysed qualitatively using the FiehnLib and NIST databases. Full‐mouth probing depth and clinical attachment loss were recorded as indexes of periodontal disease.ResultsA total of 349 metabolites were qualitatively detected in the gingival crevicular fluid samples, and 200 metabolites were detected in the serum samples. Compared with healthy controls, patients with GAgP showed significant increases in serum urea and allo‐inositol levels. In contrast, glutathione, 2,5‐dihydroxybenzaldehyde, adipic acid and 2‐deoxyguanosine levels were decreased in patients with GAgP. In the gingival crevicular fluid samples, noradrenaline, uridine, α‐tocopherol, dehydroascorbic acid, xanthine, galactose, glucose‐1‐phosphate and ribulose‐5‐phosphate levels were increased in patients with GAgP, while thymidine, glutathione and ribose‐5‐phosphate levels were decreased.ConclusionThe metabolomics analysis by gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry is an effective and minimally non‐invasive way to differentiate the metabolites characteristic of patients with GAgP. Both serum and gingival crevicular fluid metabolomics are significantly different between patients with GAgP and healthy controls. These metabolic profiles have great potential in detecting GAgP and helping to understand its underlying mechanisms.
The effects of Plantago major seed gum on steady and dynamic oscillatory shear rheology of sunflower oil‐in‐water emulsions
Authors: Niknam Rasoul , Ghanbarzadeh Babak , Ayaseh Ali , Rezagholi Fatemeh 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe effects of Plantago major seed (PMS) gum on the rheological properties of the sunflower oil‐based emulsions (steady shear flow and dynamic oscillatory rheology) were investigated. The results of steady shear flow experiments showed that the shear stress–shear rate, apparent viscosity–shear rate, and shear stress–time data were well fitted with Herschel–Bulkley, Carreau, and Tiu–Bogar models, respectively, and showed the highest R2 and the lower root mean square error within different models. The strain and frequency sweep data indicated that all emulsions showed weak gel‐like behavior, which showed stable interactions and entanglements in the emulsion structure. CoX–Merz rule was applied to investigate the relationship between complex viscosity (η*) and apparent viscosity (ηa). In all emulsions containing PMS gum, η* > η
a and they did not obey from this rule.Practical applicationsThe rheological properties of emulsion are critical features in stabilization of emulsion based products. The PMS gum can potentially be used in producing and stabilization of emulsion based products and effects of this gum on in oil in water emulsion can be useful in development of plant originated hydrocolloids in foods.
Sofosbuvir and ledipasvir are associated with high sustained virologic response and improvement of health‐related quality of life in East Asian patients with hepatitis C virus infection
Authors: Younossi Zobair M. , Stepanova Maria , Henry Linda , Han Kwang‐Hyub , Ahn Sang Hoon , Lim Young‐Suk , Chuang Wan‐Long , Kao Jia‐Horng , Nguyen Kinh V. , Lai Ching Lung , Chan Henry Lik‐Yuen , Wei Lai 
Published: July 2018

SummaryAlthough HCV infection is highly prevalent in East Asia, these patients have been underrepresented in HRQL studies. Here, we assess HRQL in East Asian HCV patients treated with different anti‐HCV regimens. Patients completed Short Form‐36 (SF‐36) before, during and after treatment. A total of 989 HCV patients were enrolled in two phase 3 clinical trials [China: 60.2%, South Korea: 22.4%, Taiwan: 17.4%; genotype 1: 55.3%, treatment‐naïve: 57.5%; cirrhosis: 14.0%]. Patients received pegylated interferon, sofosbuvir and ribavirin (Peg‐IFN + SOF + RBV; n = 130, genotypes 1, 6) or SOF + RBV (n = 475, all genotypes) or SOF and ledipasvir (LDV/SOF; n = 384, genotype 1). The SVR‐12 rates were 94.6%, 96.2% and 99.2%, respectively (P = 0.005). During treatment, Peg‐IFN + SOF + RBV‐treated group experienced significant declines in most HRQL scores (by the end of treatment, mean decline up to −12.0 points, all P < 0.05). Patients on SOF + RBV had milder HRQL impairment (up to −5.8 points, P < 0.05 for 5 of 8 HRQL domains). In contrast, patients receiving IFN‐ and RBV‐free regimen with LDV/SOF had their HRQL scores improve (mean up to +4.3 points, P < 0.0001 for 3 of 8 scales). In multivariate analysis, receiving Peg‐IFN + SOF + RBV was consistently independently associated with HRQL impairment during treatment (β: −10.3 to −16.4) and after achieving SVR‐12 (β: −4.4 to −9.1) (all P < 0.01). The results were reproduced in a subgroup of patients enrolled in China. We conclude that in East Asian patients with HCV, HRQL improved from baseline after treatment with LDV/SOF but not with Peg‐IFN + RBV‐containing or Peg‐IFN‐free RBV‐containing regimens. The HRQL impairment associated with the use of Peg‐IFN persists even after achieving sustained virologic clearance.
The roles of leporid species that have been translocated: a review of their ecosystem effects as native and exotic species
Authors: Barbar Facundo , Lambertucci Sergio A. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractHistorically, humans have translocated some species of Leporidae (order Lagomorpha) around the world as an introduced food source and as game species. This family is now cosmopolitan and occupies areas where it did not previously exist. With the exception of European rabbitsOryctolagus cuniculus, evidence of the effects of these introduced species is scattered and in many cases anecdotal, though they share many biological traits withOryctolagus cuniculus, one of the most harmful invasive species worldwide.We review available studies on the 12 leporid species that have been introduced by humans to areas beyond their native ranges. Our aim is to describe and compare the species’ ecological roles in their native geographic ranges and in their exotic ranges. We review the species’ effects on the ecosystem at different levels of the trophic chain. We also evaluate the consequences of introductions for animal and human health, and their economic consequences, and we consider control measures.In their native ranges, the 12 leporids are known to provide resources for other species, act as seed dispersers and ecosystem engineers, function as primary prey items for several predator species, and have many other functions. The effects of the leporids in their exotic geographic ranges are also conspicuous, and in many cases strongly negative, due to competition with native fauna and the facilitation of the presence of other invaders. Nonetheless, they constitute a food resource for native and exotic predators. As game species for humans, their hunting may indirectly impact the ecosystems by increasing the amount of lead in the environment. Moreover, they may be carriers of zoonotic diseases.Conservation biologists should carefully consider the contrasting effects of the introduced leporids species in the ecosystem before developing any management strategy including these species.
Identification of Stipules reduced, a leaf morphology gene in pea (Pisum sativum)
Authors: Moreau Carol , Hofer Julie M. I. , Eléouët Morgane , Sinjushin Andrey , Ambrose Mike , Skøt Kirsten , Blackmore Tina , Swain Martin , Hegarty Matthew , Balanzà Vicente , Ferrándiz Cristina , Ellis T. H. Noel 
Published: July 2018

Summary

Pea (Pisum sativum) is one of relatively few genetically amenable plant species with compound leaves. Pea leaves have a variety of specialized organs: leaflets, tendrils, pulvini and stipules, which enable the identification of mutations that transform or affect distinct parts of the leaf. Characterization of these mutations offers insights into the development and evolution of novel leaf traits. The previously characterized morphological gene Cochleata, conferring stipule identity, was known to interact with Stipules reduced (St), which conditions stipule size in pea, but the St gene remained unknown.

Here we analysed Fast Neutron irradiated pea mutants by restriction site associated DNA sequencing.

We identified St as a gene encoding a C2H2 zinc finger transcription factor that is regulated by Cochleata. St regulates both cell division and cell expansion in the stipule.

Our approach shows how systematic genome‐wide screens can be used successfully for the analysis of traits in species for which whole genome sequences are not available.
Allocation of harvest between user groups in a fishery with habitat effect
Authors: Nichols Rachel , Yamazaki Satoshi , Jennings Sarah 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe destructive impacts of fishing on marine habitats may be mitigated through the allocation of catch shares between different user groups. We assess the optimal allocation of harvest across multiple user groups and how fishery outcomes are affected when catch shares are allocated suboptimally. We incorporate the harvest allocation process into a bioeconomic model in which fishing‐induced habitat damage occurs and a single fish stock is targeted by two user groups characterized by fishing technologies of differing environmental impact. Results show that maximizing the overall profit of the fishery often requires the catch share of one of the groups to be set at zero. The effects on biological and economic outcomes of deviating from this allocation to ensure positive catch shares for all groups depend on the strength of habitat–fishery interactions, difference in fishing costs, and whether the suboptimal allocation is made to the high or low impact group.Recommedations for Resource Managers
Ignoring the impacts of fishing on marine environments can undermine attempts to sustainably manage fish stocks and to generate economic benefits that fisheries are capable of.
Allocation of harvest across different fishery user groups is one means of managing habitat impacts of fishing.
Economically optimal harvest allocation often requires the exclusion of either high impact user groups in a fishery where stocks are reliant on vulnerable habitats or low impact but less efficient user groups where habitat is fast to recover from damage.
Suboptimal allocations of harvest need careful consideration as they may require trading‐off improved biological outcomes against lower fishery‐wide profit.
Suboptimal allocations made in favor of a group causing higher habitat damage may result in collapse of fish stocks in environments where stocks are reliant on vulnerable environments and the damage rate of fishing is high.
Recent advances in Barrett's esophagus
Authors: Inadomi John , Alastal Hani , Bonavina Luigi , Gross Seth , Hunt Richard H. , Mashimo Hiroshi , di Pietro Massimiliano , Rhee Horace , Shah Marmy , Tolone Salvatore , Wang David H. , Xie Shao‐Hua 
Published: July 2018

AbstractBarrett's esophagus (BE) is the only known precursor of esophageal adenocarcinoma, one of the few cancers with increasing incidence in developed countries. The pathogenesis of BE is unclear with regard to either the cellular origin of this metaplastic epithelium or the manner in which malignant transformation occurs, although recent data indicate a possible junctional origin of stem cells for BE. Treatment of BE may be achieved using endoscopic eradication therapy; however, there is a lack of discriminatory tools to identify individuals at sufficient risk for cancer development in whom intervention is warranted. Reduction in gastroesophageal reflux of gastric contents including acid is mandatory to achieve remission from BE after endoscopic ablation, and can be achieved using medical or nonmedical interventions. Research topics of greatest interest include the mechanism of BE development and transformation to cancer, risk stratification methods to identify individuals who may benefit from ablation of BE, optimization of eradication therapy, and surveillance methods to ensure that remission is maintained after eradication is achieved.