bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genome-wide patterns of population structure and linkage disequilibrium in farmed Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)
Authors: Yoshida Grazyella M. , Barria Agustín , Correa Katharina , Cáceres Giovanna , Jedlicki Ana , Cadiz María I. , Lhorente Jean P. , Yáñez José M. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractNile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is one of the most produced farmed fish in the world and represents an important source of protein for human consumption. Farmed Nile tilapia populations are increasingly based on genetically improved stocks, which have been established from admixed populations. To date, there is scarce information about the population genomics of farmed Nile tilapia, assessed by dense single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) panels. The patterns of linkage disequilibrium (LD) may affect the success of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and genomic selection and can also provide key information about demographic history of farmed Nile tilapia populations. The objectives of this study were to provide further knowledge about the population structure and LD patterns, as well as, estimate the effective population size (Ne) for three farmed Nile tilapia populations, one from Brazil (POP A) and two from Costa Rica (POP B and POP C). A total of 55, 56 and 57 individuals from POP A, POP B and POP C, respectively, were genotyped using a 50K SNP panel selected from a whole-genome sequencing (WGS) experiment. Two principal components explained about 20% of the total variation and clearly discriminated between the three populations. Population genetic structure analysis showed evidence of admixture, especially for POP C. The contemporary Ne values calculated based to LD values, ranged from 71 to 141. No differences were observed in the LD decay among populations, with a rapid decrease of r2 when increasing inter-marker distance. Average r2 between adjacent SNP pairs ranged from 0.03 to 0.18, 0.03 to 0.17 and 0.03 to 0.16 for POP A, POP B and POP C, respectively. Based on the number of independent chromosome segments in the Nile tilapia genome, at least 4.2 K SNP are required for the implementation of GWAS and genomic selection in farmed Nile tilapia populations.
O-GlcNAc transferase suppresses necroptosis and liver fibrosis
Authors: Zhang Bichen , Li Min-Dian , Yin Ruonan , Liu Yuyang , Yang Yunfan , Mitchell – Richards Kisha A. , Nam Jin Hyun , Li Rui , Wang Li , Iwakiri Yasuko , Chung Dongjun , Robert Marie E. , Ehrlich Barbara E. , Bennett Anton M. , Yu Jun , Nathanson Michael H. , Yang Xiaoyong 
Published: January 2019

AbstractOver a billion people suffer from chronic liver diseases worldwide, which often leads to fibrosis and then cirrhosis. Treatments for fibrosis remain experimental, in part because no unifying mechanism has been identified that initiates liver fibrosis. Here we report that O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) modification protects against hepatocyte necroptosis and initiation of liver fibrosis. Decreased O-GlcNAc levels were seen in patients with liver cirrhosis and in mice with ethanol-induced liver injury. Liver-specific O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) knockout (OGT-LKO) mice exhibited ballooning degeneration and elevated circulating alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels at an early age and progressed to liver fibrosis and portal inflammation by 10 weeks of age. OGT-deficient hepatocytes underwent excessive necroptosis and exhibited elevated protein expression levels of receptor-interacting protein kinase 3 (RIPK3) and mixed lineage kinase domain-like (MLKL), which are key mediators of necroptosis. Furthermore, glycosylation of RIPK3 by OGT reduced RIPK3 protein stability. Taken together, these findings identify OGT as a key suppressor of hepatocyte necroptosis and OGT-LKO mice may serve as an effective spontaneous genetic model of liver fibrosis.
One-time Nitrogen Fertilization Shifts Switchgrass Soil Microbiomes within a Context of Larger Spatial and Temporal Variation
Authors: Chen Huaihai , Yang Zamin K. , Yip Dan , Morris Reese H. , Lebreux Steven J. , Cregger Melissa A. , Klingeman Dawn M. , Hui Dafeng , Hettich Robert L. , Wilhelm Steven W. , Wang Gangsheng , Löffler Frank E. , Schadt Christopher W. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractSoil microbiome responses to short-term nitrogen (N) inputs within the context of existing spatio-temporal variability remain uncertain. Here, we examined soil bacterial and fungal communities pre/post-N fertilization in an 8 year-old switchgrass field, in which twenty-four plots received N fertilization at three levels (0, 100, and 200 kg N ha-1as NH4NO3) for the first time since planting. Soils were collected at two depths, 0-5 and 5-15 cm, for DNA extraction and amplicon sequencing of 16S rRNA genes and ITS regions, and soil metagenomic analysis. Baseline assessment prior to fertilization revealed no pre-existing differences in either bacterial or fungal communities across plots. The one-time N fertilization increased switchgrass yields and tissue N content, and the added N was nearly completely removed from the soil of fertilized plots by the end of the growing season. Both bacterial/archaeal and fungal communities showed large spatial (by depth) and temporal variation (by season) within each plot, accounting for 17 and 12-22 % of the variation in bacterial/archaeal and fungal community composition, respectively. While N fertilization effects accounted for only ~4% of overall variation, some specific microbial groups, including the bacterial genusPseudonocardiaand the fungal genusArchaeorhizomyces,were notably repressed by fertilization at 200 kg N ha-1. Bacterial groups varied with both depth in the soil profile and time of sampling, while temporal variability shaped the fungal community more significantly than vertical heterogeneity in the soil. Thus, variability within the field might override the changes induced by N addition. Continued analyses of these trends over time with fertilization and management are needed to understand whether these transient effects change over time.
PKC regulates the production of fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23)
Authors: Bär Ludmilla , Hase Philipp , Föller Michael 
Published: January 2019

AbstractSerine/threonine protein kinase C (PKC) is activated by diacylglycerol that is released from membrane lipids by phospholipase C in response to activation of G protein-coupled receptors or receptor tyrosine kinases. PKC isoforms are particularly relevant for proliferation and differentiation of cells including osteoblasts. Osteoblasts/osteocytes produce fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23), a hormone regulating renal phosphate and vitamin D handling. PKC activates NFκB, a transcription factor complex controlling FGF23 expression. Here, we analyzed the impact of PKC on FGF23 synthesis. Fgf23 expression was analyzed by qRT-PCR in UMR106 osteoblastlike cells and in IDG-SW3 osteocytes. Phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (PMA), a PKC activator, up-regulated Fgf23 expression. In contrast, PKC inhibitors calphostin C, Gö6976, sotrastaurin and ruboxistaurin supressed Fgf23 gene expression. NFκB inhibitor withaferin A abolished the stimulatory effect of PMA on Fgf23. PKC is a powerful regulator of FGF23 synthesis, an effect which is at least partly mediated by NFκB.
RHO-1 and the Rho GEF RHGF-1 interact with UNC-6/Netrin signaling to regulate growth cone protrusion and microtubule organization inC. elegans
Authors: Gujar Mahekta R. , Stricker Aubrie M. , Lundquist Erik A. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractUNC-6/Netrin is a conserved axon guidance cue that directs growth cone migrations in the dorsal-ventral axis ofC. elegansand in the vertebrate spinal cord. UNC-6/Netrin is expressed in ventral cells, and growth cones migrate ventrally toward or dorsally away from UNC-6/Netrin. Recent studies of growth cone behavior during outgrowthin vivoinC. eleganshave led to a polarity/protrusion model in directed growth cone migration away from UNC-6/Netrin. In this model, UNC-6/Netrin first polarizes the growth cone via the UNC-5 receptor, leading to dorsally biased protrusion and F-actin accumulation. UNC-6/Netrin then regulates protrusion based on this polarity. The receptor UNC-40/DCC drives protrusion dorsally, away from the UNC-6/Netrin source, and the UNC-5 receptor inhibits protrusion ventrally, near the UNC-6/Netrin source, resulting in dorsal migration. UNC-5 inhibits protrusion in part by excluding microtubules from the growth cone, which are pro-protrusive. Here we report that the RHO-1/RhoA GTPase and its activator GEF RHGF-1 inhibit growth cone protrusion and MT accumulation in growth cones, similar to UNC-5. However, growth cone polarity of protrusion and F-actin were unaffected by RHO-1 and RHGF-1. Thus, RHO-1 signaling acts specifically as a negative regulator of protrusion and MT accumulation, and not polarity. Genetic interactions suggest that RHO-1 and RHGF-1 act with UNC-5, as well as with a parallel pathway, to regulate protrusion. The cytoskeletal interacting molecule UNC-33/CRMP was required for RHO-1 activity to inhibit MT accumulation, suggesting that UNC-33/CRMP might act downstream of RHO-1. In sum, these studies describe a new role of RHO-1 and RHGF-1 in regulation of growth cone protrusion by UNC-6/Netrin.Author SummaryNeural circuits are formed by precise connections between axons. During axon formation, the growth cone leads the axon to its proper target in a process called axon guidance. Growth cone outgrowth involves asymmetric protrusion driven by extracellular cues that stimulate and inhibit protrusion. How guidance cues regulate growth cone protrusion in neural circuit formation is incompletely understood. This work shows that the signaling molecule RHO-1 acts downstream of the UNC-6/Netrin guidance cue to inhibit growth cone protrusion in part by excluding microtubules from the growth cone, which are structural elements that drive protrusion.
A simulation investigation of helicopter ground resonance phenomenon
Authors: Stanislawski Jaroslaw 
Published: January 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to present a simulation method applied for investigation of helicopter ground resonance phenomenon.

Design/methodology/approach
The considered physical model of helicopter standing on ground with rotating rotor consists of fuselage and main transmission gear treated as stiff bodies connected by elastic elements. The fuselage is supported on landing gear modeled by spring-damper units. The main rotor blades are treated as set of elastic axes with lumped masses distributed along blade radius. Due to Galerkin method, parameters of blades motion are assumed as a combination of bending and torsion eigen modes. A Runge–Kutta method is applied to solve equations of motions of rotor blades and helicopter fuselage.

Findings
The presented simulation method may be applied in preliminary stage of helicopter design to avoid ground resonance by proper selection of landing gear units and blade damper characteristics.

Practical implications
Ground resonance may occur in form of violently increasing mutual oscillations of helicopter fuselage and lead-lag motion of rotor blades. According to changes of stiffness and damping characteristics, simulations show stable behavior or arising oscillations of helicopter. The effects of different blade balance or defect of blade damper are predicted.

Originality/value
The simulation method may help to determine the envelope of safe operation of helicopter in phase of take-off or landing. The effects of additional disturbances as results of blades pitch control as swashplate deflection are introduced.
When the mobile app is free, the product is your personal data
Authors: Polykalas Spyros E. , Prezerakos George N. 
Published: January 2019

Purpose
Mobile devices (smartphones, tables etc.) have become the de facto means of accessing the internet. While traditional Web browsing is still quite popular, significant interaction takes place via native mobile apps that can be downloaded either freely or at a cost. This has opened the door to a number of issues related to privacy protection since the smartphone stores and processes personal data. The purpose of this paper is to examine the extent of access to personal data, required by the most popular mobile apps available in Google Play store. In addition, it is examined whether the relevant procedure is in accordance with the provisions of the new EU Regulation.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper examines more than a thousand mobile apps, available from the Google Play store, with respect to the extent of the requests for access to personal data. In particular, for each available category in Google Play store, the most popular mobile apps have been examined both for free and paid apps. In addition, the permissions required by free and paid mobile apps are compared. Furthermore, a correlation analysis is carried out aiming to reveal any correlation between the extent of required access to personal data and the popularity and the rating of each mobile app.

Findings
The findings of this paper suggest that the majority of examined mobile apps require access to personal data to a high extent. In addition, it is found that free mobile apps request access to personal data in a higher extent compared to the relevant requests by paid apps, which indicates strongly that the business model of free mobile apps is based on personal data exploitation. The most popular types of access permissions are revealed for both free and paid apps. In addition, important questions are raised in relation to user awareness and behavior, data minimization and purpose limitation for free and paid mobile apps.

Originality/value
In this study, the process and the extent of access to personal data through mobile apps are analyzed. Although several studies analyzed relevant issues in the past, the originality of this research is mainly based on the following facts: first, this work took into account the recent Regulation of the EU in relation to personal data (GDPR); second, the authors analyzed a high number of the most popular mobile apps (more than a thousand); and third, the authors compare and analyze the different approaches followed between free and paid mobile apps.
Citizenship performance: a study using Coleman and Borman’s model and validation of the scale
Authors: Mohan Anita , Sophia Sharon 
Published: January 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to give prominence and further understand the Coleman and Borman (2000) citizenship performance model. This study also aims to determine and validate the scale formed from the behaviour statements defined by Coleman and Borman in the Indian context by using standard validating measures.Design/methodology/approachThe citizenship performance construct was measured and validated with a sample of 150 employees working in the IT/ITES sector in Chennai, India. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were performed on the 27 behavioural statements proposed by Coleman and Borman (2000), which were converted into a five-point Likert scale.FindingsThis paper proposes that citizenship performance can be reliably measured by the 17 items which are based on the 27 citizenship performance behaviour (CPB) statements provided by Coleman and Borman. In addition, it also confirms that citizenship performance is a second-order multi-dimensional construct.Research limitations/implicationsAn acceptable but constrained sample was used in this study. The sample frame was limited to the IT/ITES sector in Chennai, a city in Tamil Nadu, India, to minimise cultural influences on the study.Originality/valueThis paper bridges and backs the conceptualisation of the Coleman and Borman (2000) model and the validation of a questionnaire based on their proposed set of CPB statements in the Indian context. This helps to measure the model with its intended questionnaire rather than borrowing items from other scales measuring other dimensions of the OCB domain.
Cyber crime: a portrait of the landscape
Authors: Furnell Steven , Dowling Samantha 
Published: January 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to review current evidence in relation to scale and impacts of cyber crime, including various approaches to defining and measuring the problem.Design/methodology/approachA review and analysis of survey evidence is used to enable an understanding of the scope and scale of the cyber crime problem, and its effect upon those experiencing it.FindingsThe analysis evidences that cyber crime exists in several dimensions, with costs and harms that can be similarly varied. There is also a sense that, moving forward, the “cyber” label will become somewhat redundant as many crimes have the potential to have a technology component.Research limitations/implicationsThe key evidence in this particular discussion has some geographic limitations, with much of the discussion focussed upon data drawn from the Crime Survey for England and Wales, as well as other UK-based sources. However, many of the broader points still remain more widely relevant.Practical implicationsThis study helps in: better understanding the range and scale of cyber crime threats; understanding how the cyber element fits into the wider context of crime; improving the appreciation of what cyber crime can mean for potential victims; and recognising the cost dimensions, and the implications for protection and response.Social implicationsThe discussion will help businesses and individuals to have a better appreciation of the cyber crime threat, and what ought to be considered in response to it.Originality/valueThe discussion is based upon recent evidence, and therefore represents a more up-to-date view of the cyber crime landscape than reviews already available in earlier literature.
Evaluating the Peer Education Project in secondary schools
Authors: Eisenstein Carin , Zamperoni Victoria , Humphrey Neil , Deighton Jessica , Wolpert Miranda , Rosan Camilla , Bohan Helen , A. Kousoulis Antonis , Promberger Marianne , Edbrooke-Childs Julian 
Published: January 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to determine the efficacy of the Peer Education Project (PEP), a school-based, peer-led intervention designed to support secondary school students to develop the skills and knowledge they need to safeguard their mental health and that of their peers.

Design/methodology/approach
Six schools from across England and the Channel Islands took part in an evaluation of the PEP across the 2016/2017 academic year. In total, 45 trained peer educators from the sixth form and 455 Year 7 students completed pre- and post-questionnaires assessing their emotional and behavioural difficulties, perceived school climate, and knowledge, skills and confidence related to mental health.

Findings
Results indicate that participation in the PEP is associated with significant improvement in key skills among both peer educators and student trainees, and in understanding of key terms and readiness to support others among trainees. Most students would recommend participation in the programme to other students.

Originality/value
While peer education has been found to be effective in some areas of health promotion, research on the effectiveness of peer-led mental health education programmes in schools is limited. This study contributes evidence around the efficacy of a new peer education programme that can be implemented in secondary schools.
Constructing a career identity in the aged care sector: overcoming the “taint” of dirty work
Authors: Clarke Marilyn , Ravenswood Katherine 
Published: January 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore career identity within the aged care sector.Design/methodology/approachThe research employs a descriptive interpretive methodology using 32 in-depth, semi-structured interviews.FindingsThis paper shows that social processes and occupational and professional status issues shape career identity in an aged care context. Individuals seek positive career identities through emphasising job fit in relation to their personal experience and values in order to counteract the impact of “taint”.Research limitations/implicationsThis study was based in one organisation. Future research could explore its findings in the context of multiple organisations, and include the concept of career identity in other low status, “tainted” occupations, such as childcare, in order to develop a more complete understanding of identity construction processes.Practical implicationsThe findings suggest that aged care providers could employ a values-driven approach to recruitment, complementary to pay and career development, to enhance recruitment and retention of aged care employees. Universities and professional bodies could consider more active use of aged care student placements to highlight the opportunities that aged care offer to new graduates in allied health professions.Originality/valueThis paper extends our understanding of career identity in relation to “taint” and “dirty work” in the context of two occupational groups in the understudied sector of aged care.
Improvisation in the learning organization: a defense of the infra-ordinary
Authors: Cunha Miguel Pina e , Clegg Stewart 
Published: January 2019

PurposeThis paper aims to describe the hidden presence of improvisation in organizations. The authors explore this presence through George Perec’s notion of the infra-ordinary applied to the study of the learning organization and its paradoxes.Design/methodology/approachMost studies of paradox and improvisation are qualitative and inductive. In this conceptual paper, the authors offer a conceptual debate aiming to redirect conceptual attention on studies belonging to the domains of learning, improvisation and paradox.FindingsThe authors defend the thesis that improvisation is an example of a paradoxical practice that belongs to the domain of infra-ordinary rather than, as has been habitually assumed in extant research, the extraordinary.Research limitations/implicationsThe study draws research attention to the potential of the infra-ordinary in the domains of paradox, improvisation and learning.Practical implicationsFor practice, the study shows that improvisation can be a relatively trivial organizational practice as people try to solve problems in their everyday lives.Social implicationsMost organizations depend upon the capacity of their members to solve problems as these emerge. Yet, organization theory has failed to consider this dimension. As a result, organizations may be unintentionally harming their capacity to learn and adapt to environments by assuming that improvisation is extra-ordinary.Originality/valueThe study of paradox and improvisation from an infra-ordinary perspective has not been explicitly attempted.