bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Endoplasmic reticulum–mitochondria crosstalk: from junction to function across neurological disorders
Authors: Veeresh Pabbala , Kaur Harpreet , Sarmah Deepaneeta , Mounica Leela , Verma Geetesh , Kotian Vignesh , Kesharwani Radhika , Kalia Kiran , Borah Anupom , Wang Xin , Dave Kunjan R. , Rodriguez Anne‐Marie , Yavagal Dileep R. , Bhattacharya Pallab 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria are fundamental organelles highly interconnected with a specialized set of proteins in cells. ER–mitochondrial interconnections form specific microdomains, called mitochondria‐associated ER membranes, that have been found to play important roles in calcium signaling and lipid homeostasis, and more recently in mitochondrial dynamics, inflammation, and autophagy. It is not surprising that perturbations in ER–mitochondria connections can result in the progression of disease, especially neurological disorders; hence, their architecture and regulation are crucial in determining the fate of cells and disease. The molecular identity of the specialized proteins regulating ER–mitochondrial crosstalk remains unclear. Our discussion here describes the physical and functional crosstalk between these two dynamic organelles and emphasizes the outcome of altered ER–mitochondrial interconnections in neurological disorders.
Diabetes mellitus and periodontitis: Inflammatory response in orthodontic tooth movement
Authors: Santamaria‐Jr Milton , Bagne Leonardo , Zaniboni Ewerton , Santamaria Mauro Pedrine , Jardini Maria Aparecida Neves , Felonato Maíra , dos Santos Gláucia Maria Tech , Mendonça Fernanda Aparecida Sampaio , Esquisatto Marcelo Augusto Marretto 
Published: August 2019

AbstractObjectivesThis study evaluated, in experimental model, the inflammatory alterations in gingival tissue and alveolar bone during the orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) in diabetes mellitus (D) and periodontitis (P).Setting and Sample PopulationForty male Wistar rats, 90 days old and weighing 300 g.Materials and MethodsThe sample was divided into four groups (n = 10). OTM: orthodontic movement (10 days, 0.4 N force); P + OTM: periodontitis (ligature‐induced periodontitis, 3‐0 silk suture thread) and orthodontic movement; D + OTM: diabetes (Alloxan‐induced diabetes, 150 mg/kg) and orthodontic movement; and D + P + OTM: diabetes, periodontitis and orthodontic movement. Tooth displacement was measured; fibroblast, inflammatory cells, osteoclast and blood vessels were quantified by histomorphometric analysis. Inflammatory markers, interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) and tumour necrosis factor (TNF‐α) were quantified by ELISA (Enzyme‐Linked Immunosorbent Assay) in gingival tissue. The fibroblastic growth factor (bFGF), transforming growth factor (TGF‐β1) and the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were measured via Western blotting in the alveolar bone. The results were analysed by ANOVA and Tukey's test at a 5% significance level.ResultsThe quantification of inflammatory cells and the expression of IL‐6, TNF‐α, TGF‐β1 and bFGF were increased in diabetes and periodontitis. However, the number of fibroblasts and blood vessels and the percentage of birefringent collagen fibres were higher in healthy animals. There was greater tooth displacement in the OTM group.ConclusionDiabetes Mellitus modifies the inflammatory response. The increased expression of inflammatory markers IL‐6, TNF‐α and TGF‐β1 in diabetic animals impairs neovasculogenesis and tissue reorganization during orthodontic tooth movement, which may be aggravated by periodontitis.
Modified Broström Repair With and Without Augmentation Using Suture Tape for Chronic Lateral Ankle Instability
Authors: Xu Ding‐Li , Gan Kai‐Feng , Li Hao‐Jie , Zhou Shu‐Yi , Lou Zhen‐Qi , Wang Yang , Li Guo‐Qin , Ruan Chao‐Yue , Hu Xu‐dong , Chen Yun‐Lin , Ma Wei‐Hu 
Published: August 2019

ObjectiveTo compare the clinical and radiological outcome between the modified Broström repair with augmentation using suture tape (MBA) and the modified Broström repair (MB) for patients with chronic lateral ankle instability.MethodsA retrospective study was performed in Ningbo No. 6 Hospital. The study included 53 patients who underwent surgical treatment from March 2014 to July 2016 and were followed for 2 years. A total of 25 patients underwent modified Broström repair with augmentation using suture tape, and 28 patients were treated with modified Broström repair. Patients were evaluated using the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Scale (AOFAS) hindfoot scale, the Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM) score, range of motion (ROM), and the visual analogue scale (VAS). The talar tilt angle (TTA) and anterior talar translation (ATT) were used to evaluate the mechanical stability. All radiological outcomes were measured by two orthopaedic surgeons, with the measurements repeated 3 days later.ResultsThe mean age of the patients was 26.6 ± 17.8 years in the MBA group and 28.1 ± 19.4 years in the MB group, and no statistical difference in preoperative data was found between two groups. There were significant differences before and after the operation within the groups. Both groups achieved satisfactory outcomes, and significant improvements (VAS, FAAM, AOFAS, TTA, and ATT) were observed between the 1‐year follow‐up and final follow‐up (P < 0.05). The MBA group showed significant improvement in the FAAM Sport (87.1 ± 5.4 vs 78.2 ± 12.0, P = 0.001) and total scores (93.1 ± 2.3 vs 90.5 ± 5.1, P = 0.027) at the final follow‐up compared with the MB group, and for the other outcomes, there were no significant differences between the two groups.ConclusionThe modified Broström repair with augmentation using suture tap for chronic lateral ankle instability achieves a better outcome; however, further research is necessary.
Using a quality improvement model to enhance community/public health nursing education
Authors: Joyce Barbara L. , Harmon Monica J. , Johnson Regina (Gina) H. , Hicks Vicki , Brown‐Schott Nancy , Pilling Lucille B. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundPopulation‐focused practice is an essential component of baccalaureate nursing education.The specialty of community/public health nursing (C/PHN) emphasizes prevention and focuses on the multiple determinants of health to improve population health outcomes. This project addressed two problems. How to: (a) Standardize C/PHN education by utilizing a set of competencies, and (b) Evaluate learning outcomes after using the competencies.MethodAs collaborative team applied community/public health competencies to nursing education using the Omaha System and the four phases of the Quality Improvement Model (QIM) and to enhance C/PHN education.ResultsThe QIM focused on team‐based participation with mutual learning and engagement for both students and faculty. Logical thinking and continuous assessment improves the teaching process and prepares students to work in multiple health care environments.ConclusionsSystematic quality improvement enhances population‐focused care by providing a foundation for the integration of education and practice.
The Impact of Sunlight on Adventitious Buying and Giving
Authors: Diffey Brian 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe impact of sunlight on the income derived from spending and donations in a coastal charitable facility is examined. Data consisted of income during 2017 and 2018, together with daily sunshine hours and apparent temperature, and a multiple linear regression model was employed to determine the importance of these meteorological variables on income. Results indicated that income increased with both increasing sunshine hours and apparent temperature, but with an interaction effect (negative coefficient) between sunlight and apparent temperature such that the effect of sunlight on income is positive at lower apparent temperatures and negative at higher apparent temperatures. So, besides its many direct and indirect effects on man, it appears that sunlight also acts as a positive driver in adventitious giving and buying.
Wavelength‐ and Tissue‐dependent Variations in the Mutagenicity of Cyclobutane Pyrimidine Dimers in Mouse Skin
Authors: Ikehata Hironobu , Mori Toshio , Kamei Yasuhiro , Douki Thierry , Cadet Jean , Yamamoto Masayuki 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer (CPD) is a main mutagenic photolesion in DNA produced by UVR. We previously studied the wavelength‐dependent kinetics of mutation induction efficiency using monochromatic UVR sources and transgenic mice developed for mutation assay and established the action spectra of UVR mutagenicity in the mouse epidermis and dermis. Here, we further established the action spectra of CPD and pyrimidine(6‐4)pyrimidone photoproduct formation in the same tissues and in naked DNA using the same sources and mouse strain. Quantitative ELISA helped us estimate the photolesion formation efficiencies on a molecule‐per‐nucleotide basis. Using these action spectra, we confirmed that the UVR mutation mostly depends on CPD formation. Moreover, the mutagenicity of a CPD molecule (CPD mutagenicity) was found to vary by wavelength, peaking at approximately 313 nm in both the epidermis and dermis with similar wavelength‐dependent patterns. Thus, the CPD formation efficiency is a main determinant of UVR mutagenicity in mouse skin, whereas a wavelength‐dependent variation in the qualitative characteristics of CPD molecules also affects the mutagenic consequences of UVR insults. In addition, the CPD mutagenicity was always higher in the epidermis than in the dermis, suggesting different cellular responses to UVR between the two tissues irrespective of the wavelength.
Socialization, Rationality, and Age: Generational Gaps and the Attitudes toward the Chechen War in Russia
Authors: Shaykhutdinov Renat 
Published: August 2019

In this article, I focus on the factor of age as a determinant of individual support for the use of force by the government. I argue that socialization theory, as a key conceptual frame, should be supplemented by rational choice explanations for understanding individual preferences more fully. Employing survey data on the Chechen conflict, I investigate generational gaps in Russia regarding the government's use of force, and the form those gaps take. Empirically, I substantiate a theoretical claim that several generations exist in Russia, each with its own attitudes and beliefs, including the so‐called “second edition of the Decembrists,” “the people of the ‘60s,” “the people of the ‘70s,” “the generation of perestroika,” “the disappointed generation,” and a “lost generation/mega‐consumers.” I find strong, albeit surprising, evidence of a generational gap in Russia, with respondents born in different time periods, especially “the ‘60s people” and “mega‐consumers” expressing variable attitudes toward the Chechnya conflict.Related ArticlesBrader, Ted A., and Joshua A. Tucker. 2009. “What's Left Behind When the Party's Over: Survey Experiments on the Effects of Partisan Cues in Putin's Russia.” Politics & Policy 37 (4): 843‐868. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-1346.2009.00201.xSmyth, Regina. 2014. “The Putin Factor: Personalism, Protest, and Regime Stability in Russia.” Politics & Policy 42 (4): 567‐592. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12080Stegmaier, Mary A., and Gwyn Erb. 2008. “Gender and Generation Gaps in Russian Economic Values during the Yeltsin Years.” Politics & Policy 33 (3): 416‐443. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-1346.2005.tb00802.x
Static and Dynamic Models of Retrospective Voting: A Clarification and Application to the Individual Level
Authors: Stiers Dieter 
Published: August 2019

This study draws attention to an important distinction between different types of models in the field of retrospective voting, namely static and dynamic models. Both types of models are often used interchangeably, but their interpretation and implications are fundamentally different. Furthermore, while both types have been used in aggregate‐level studies, so far, most studies on the individual level rely on static models. However, there is a specific research interest in individual‐level dynamic models. This article introduces the dynamic model at the individual level, and discusses its methodological advantages and disadvantages. It concludes with an empirical application, indicating how different model specifications lead to a different interpretation of model coefficients, and the applicability of previous research findings on the individual level.Related ArticlesDyck, Joshua, and Annika Hagley. 2012. “Political Geography, Direct Democracy, and the Reasoning Voter: Spatial Proximity, Symbolic Politics, and Voting on California's Proposition 83.” Politics & Policy 40 (2): 195‐220. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1747‐1346.2012.00346.xNielson, Lindsay. 2017. “Ranked Choice Voting and Attitudes toward Democracy in the United States: Results from a Survey Experiment.” Politics & Policy 45 (4): 535‐570. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12212Stegmaier, Mary, and Michael S. Lewis‐Beck. 2009. “Learning the Economic Vote: Hungarian Forecasts, 1998‐2010.” Politics & Policy 37 (4): 769‐780. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1747‐1346.2009.00197.x
Explaining Advocacy Coalition Change with Policy Feedback
Authors: Schmid Nicolas , Sewerin Sebastian , Schmidt Tobias S. 
Published: August 2019

Despite the prominence of exogenous factors in theories of policy change, the precise mechanisms that link such factors to policy change remain elusive: The effects of exogenous factors on the politics underlying policy change are not sufficiently conceptualized and empirically analyzed. To address this gap, we propose to distinguish between truly exogenous factors and policy outcomes to better understand policy change. Specifically, we combine the Advocacy Coalition Framework with policy feedback theory to conceptualize a complete feedback loop among policy, policy outcomes, and subsequent politics. Aiming at theory‐building, we use policy feedback mechanisms to explain why advocacy coalitions change over time. Empirically, we conduct a longitudinal single case study on policy‐induced technological change in the German energy subsystem, an extreme case of policy outcomes, from 1983 to 2013. First, using discourse network analysis, we identify four patterns of actor movements, explaining coalition decline and growth. Second, using process tracing, we detect four policy feedback mechanisms explaining these four actor movements. With this inductive mixed‐methods approach, we build a conceptual framework in which policy outcomes affect subsequent politics through feedback mechanisms. We develop propositions on how coalition change and feedback mechanisms explain four ideal‐typical trajectories of policy change.
Having your cake and eating it too: Flexibility and power with mass univariate statistics for ERP data
Authors: Fields Eric C. , Kuperberg Gina R. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractERP studies produce large spatiotemporal data sets. These rich data sets are key to enabling us to understand cognitive and neural processes. However, they also present a massive multiple comparisons problem, potentially leading to a large number of studies with false positive effects (a high Type I error rate). Standard approaches to ERP statistical analysis, which average over time windows and regions of interest, do not always control for Type I error, and their inflexibility can lead to low power to detect true effects. Mass univariate approaches offer an alternative analytic method. However, they have thus far been viewed as appropriate primarily for exploratory statistical analysis and only applicable to simple designs. Here, we present new simulation studies showing that permutation‐based mass univariate tests can be employed with complex factorial designs. Most importantly, we show that mass univariate approaches provide slightly greater power than traditional spatiotemporal averaging approaches when strong a priori time windows and spatial regions are used. Moreover, their power decreases only modestly when more exploratory spatiotemporal parameters are used. We argue that mass univariate approaches are preferable to traditional spatiotemporal averaging analysis approaches for many ERP studies.
Fluid escape features as relevant players in the enhancement of seafloor stability?
Authors: Riboulot Vincent , Imbert Patrice , Cattaneo Antonio , Voisset Michel 
Published: August 2019

AbstractFluid migration within the sedimentary column contributes significantly to slope failure and pockmark formation and can be an effective triggering mechanism to generate submarine landslides. Pockmarks are thus commonly listed among geohazards. Contrary to these accepted notions, we propose here an alternative view of pockmarks with an example from the Eastern Niger Submarine Delta: Pockmarks and associated chimneys may increase or modify the shear strength of sedimentary layers and locally enhance seafloor stability. The analysis of two 3D seismic volumes shows that a landslide deposit divides into two branches around a cluster of three pockmark chimneys, interpreted to impede its further development. The morphological characteristics of a slide constrained by fluid seepage features show the potential role of fluid escape in marine sediment strengthening.
Initiating resuscitation before umbilical cord clamping in infants with congenital diaphragmatic hernia: a pilot feasibility trial
Authors: Foglia Elizabeth E , Ades Anne , Hedrick Holly L , Rintoul Natalie , Munson David A , Moldenhauer Julie , Gebb Juliana , Serletti Bonnie , Chaudhary Aasma , Weinberg Danielle D , Napolitano Natalie , Fraga María Victoria , Ratcliffe Sarah J 
Published: August 2019

BackgroundInfants with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) often experience hypoxaemia with acidosis immediately after birth. The traditional approach in the delivery room is immediate cord clamping followed by intubation. Initiating resuscitation prior to umbilical cord clamping (UCC) may support this transition.ObjectivesTo establish the safety and feasibility of intubation and ventilation prior to UCC for infants with CDH. To compare short-term outcomes between trial participants and matched controls treated with immediate cord clamping before intubation and ventilation.DesignSingle-arm, single-site trial of infants with CDH and gestational age ≥36 weeks. Infants were placed on a trolley immediately after birth and underwent intubation and ventilation, with UCC performed after qualitative CO2 detection. The primary feasibility endpoint was successful intubation prior to UCC. Prespecified safety and physiological outcomes were compared with historical controls matched for prognostic variables using standard bivariate tests.ResultsOf 20 enrolled infants, all were placed on the trolley, and 17 (85%) infants were intubated before UCC. The first haemoglobin and mean blood pressure at 1 hour of life were significantly higher in trial participants than controls. There were no significant differences between groups for subsequent blood pressure values, vasoactive medications, inhaled nitric oxide or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Blood gas and oxygenation index values did not differ between groups at any point.ConclusionsIntubation and ventilation prior to UCC is safe and feasible among infants with CDH. The impact of this approach on clinically relevant outcomes deserves investigation in a randomised trial.
Prevalence and risk factors for outer retinal layer damage after macula-off retinal detachment
Authors: Malosse Laure , Rousseau Hélène , Baumann Cédric , Angioi Karine , Leroy Bertrand , Sennlaub Florian , Berrod Jean-Paul , Conart Jean-Baptiste 
Published: August 2019

PurposeTo report the prevalence of outer retinal layer (ORL) damage after macula-off rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) surgery and to determine its associated preoperative risk factors.Methods253 eyes successfully operated for macula-off RRD were included in the study. The integrity of the external limiting membrane (ELM), ellipsoid zone (EZ) and cone interdigitation zone (CIZ) of the photoreceptors was assessed at 1 month and 6 months using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. Risk factors were analysed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression. The correlation between ORL integrity and visual outcomes was also evaluated.ResultsCIZ, EZ and ELM defects were found in, respectively, 198 (93.4%) eyes, 100 (47.2%) eyes, 64 (30.2%) eyes at 1 month and in 160 (63.2%) eyes, 44 (17.4%) eyes and 18 (7.1%) eyes at 6 months. In multivariate analysis, duration of macular detachment was the only factor associated with ORL damage at 6 months (p=0.007). Best-corrected visual acuity significantly improved from 0.5±0.3 at 1 month to 0.3±0.3 logarithm of minimal angle of resolution at 6 months (p<0.001) and was strongly correlated with the number of affected bands (p<0.001).ConclusionPrevalence of outer retinal band defects substantially decreased through the study period, confirming the ability of photoreceptors to recover over time. However, shorter interval to surgery and better visual outcomes were significantly associated with fewer defects within the ORL at 6 months. These findings suggest that earlier surgery may limit RRD-associated photoreceptor degeneration and improve the patient’s visual prognosis.
S-Vest: a novel hybrid method to allow standardised patients to put on the objective physical examination findings of a disease
Authors: Berg Dale , Berg Katherine 
Published: August 2019

BackgroundSimulation hybrids combine single modality simulation such as simulated patients (SP) with low-fidelity simulation to create a potentially more powerful set of educational tools. To make a hybrid that is credible, standardised and inexpensive remains a challenge. We describe the development of the simulation vest (S-Vest), an inexpensive, standardised teaching tool that is ‘worn’ by an SP to form a hybrid.MethodsWe have created a vest which contains a set of speakers placed in an anatomical manner and produce sounds. The sounds played from a multitrack audio player are recorded in vivo from a patient with the real disease findings. The SP provides history while the vest provides the objective palpable and auscultatory findings. The speakers are placed in the routine standardised locations taught in physical examination.ResultsWe have developed several case scenarios designed for the vest. One of these cases is an elderly patient with aortic stenosis. The aortic stenosis case audio file has four unique tracks recorded over the precordium. Each track is played at the speaker appropriate to the physical exam findings. The SP plays an elderly man with chest pain. The vest provides the sounds of a loud systolic murmur with marked diminishment of S2 and a palpable thrill.ConclusionsThe S-Vest is a low-fidelity, low-cost simulator to use in hybrid and simulation. The S-Vest can be used in a formative and summative Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) station and in skills attainment for learners in healthcare. We believe these tools will be of significant import to teaching clinical skills.