bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Role of Trapping Impurities on He Desorption and Clustering in Irradiated α-Fe [PowerPoint Submission]
Authors: Ortiz Christophe J. , Caturla Maria Jose , Fu Chu Chun , Willaime Francois 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIt is well-known that impurities affect the migration of intrinsic point defects in metals. For instance, carbon is a common impurity in Fe that significantly retards diffusion of vacancies. Under fusion irradiation conditions, high levels of He are produced by transmutation reactions. This element strongly interacts with vacancies produced during irradiation and agglomerate into stable He-vacancy clusters that can deteriorate the mechanical properties of the material. A physically-based model accounting for the interactions between He, point defects (interstitials and vacancies) and trapping impurities is therefore necessary to understand and predict damage evolution in Fe.We have used a multi-scale approach to predict the evolution of He in the presence of impurities in irradiated Fe. Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations were performed to investigate the migration mechanisms and to determine the activation energies of the different atomistic processes. The influence of impurities - such as carbon - on the binding energies of small He-vacancy clusters was also studied. Using the information obtained by DFT a physically-based model was developed and implemented in a kinetic Monte Carlo (kMC) code to follow the evolution of He in Fe. In addition, a model based on the rate theory (RT) was developed in order to achieve larger simulation times and volumes. Results obtained with this model, which is based on a mean field approximation are compared to those obtained with kMC. Using this multiscale approach, the simulation results are used to interpret the different stages of thermal He desorption experiments and to determine the predominant migration mechanism. The influence of impurities which affect the diffusion of point defects or modify the binding energies of He-vacancy type clusters is also studied.
Systematic Coarse-graining and Multiscale Modeling of Soft Matter [PowerPoint Submission]
Authors: Voth Gregory A. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractA multiscale theoretical and computational methodology will be presented for describing liquid state, biomolecular, and nanoparticle systems across multiple length- and time-scales. The approach provides an interface between atomistic molecular simulations, mesoscale dynamics, and continuum mechanics. The underlying methodology couples atomistic-level simulations with mesoscale simulations which, in turn, can be bridged to continuum-level modeling where necessary. A new and systematic multiscale coarse-graining strategy for linking the atomistic-scale interactions to the mesoscale will be the primary focus of the presentation. Applications of the overall methodology will be given.
Hierarchical nanomechanics of vimentin alpha helical coiled-coil proteins
Authors: Ackbarow Theodor , Buehler Markus J. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractCoiled-coil alpha-helical dimers are the elementary building blocks of intermediate filaments (IFs), an important component of the cell's cytoskeleton. Therefore, IFs play a leading role in the mechanical integrity of the cells. Here we use atomistic simulation to carry out tensile tests on coiled-coils as well as on single alpha-helices of the 2B segment of the vimentin dimer that has been shown to control the large-deformation behavior of cells. We compare the characteristic force-strain curves of both structures and suggest explanations for the differences on this fundamental level of hierarchical assembly. We further systematically explore the strain rate dependence of the mechanical properties of the vimentin coiled-coil protein. We develop a simple continuum model capable of reproducing the atomistic modeling results. The model enables us to extrapolate to much lower deformation rates approaching those used in experiment.
Influence of Mineral -Polymer Interactions on Molecular Mechanics of Polymer in Composite Bone Biomaterials
Authors: Bhowmik Rahul , Katti Kalpana S , Katti Dinesh R 
Published: June 2019

AbstractNanocomposite bone materials of polymers and hydroxyapatite are widely investigated for bone replacement. The mechanical properties of the composites determine the use of these as implant materials. The molecular phenomenon at the interface between mineral and polymer is known to have significant contribution on overall mechanical response of composites. Understanding behavior of interfaces under applied load, and the load transfer mechanisms will lead to development of superior biomaterial composites with desired properties. We have performed Steered Molecular Dynamics (SMD) simulations on the composite system consisting of hydroxyapatite and polyacrylic acid. Our simulations describe the detailed molecular mechanisms responsible at the interface with applied load. Our SMD simulations also indicate that the polymer shows significant changes when it interacts with the mineral. The load-deformation behavior of polymer has shown that the polymer is stiffer when it is interacting with mineral. The binding and unbinding events are also calculated during load transfer in polymer. This work describes specific molecular mechanism responsible for mechanical behavior in composites used as bone biomaterials.
Electroplated and Plasma Enhanced Magnetron Sputtered Ta and Cr Coatings for High Temperature and High Pressure Operation
Authors: Lee Sabrina L. , Wei Rong H. , Todaro Mark , Cote Paul 
Published: June 2019

AbstractFor A723 steel large caliber gun barrel applications, high pressure (∼700MPa), rapid cyclic heating-cooling (∼1250°C), and aggressive propellant gases (CO, CO2, H2O, H2, N2, NH3, CH4, H2S etc) operational environment can cause severe wear and erosion damages to the bore, reducing the service life of the component. Refractory bore coatings can help protect the steel bore to extend service life. Cr electroplating process is currently being widely used in industry and in the military, but toxic wastes from the process are difficult and expensive to dispose. Plasma enhanced magnetron sputtering techniques are being developed for potential replacement of the Cr electroplating process. In this work, we compared A723 steel specimens coated with electroplated Cr and plasma enhanced magnetron sputtered Ta and Cr coatings. The specimens were subjected to analytical testing, including scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, metallography; and adhesion testing, including groove test, a pulsed laser heat test to simulate cyclic thermal environment of the bore, and actual firing test. Steel samples electroplated with HC (high contraction) Cr showed extensive pre-deposition cracks, it also showed cohesive failures under groove adhesion test. When subjected to cyclic high pressure and temperature operation, gas-metal interactions led the as-deposited cracks to grow wider and new cracks to develop, allowing hot pressurized propellant gases to penetrate the cracks and erode the steel substrate. Plasma enhanced sputtered Ta and Cr coatings on steel were harder and denser compared to conventional magnetron sputtered coatings. Under groove testing, they showed no cracks, no cohesive and no adhesive failures. When subjected to cyclic pulsed laser heating simulation at 1490°K, thick sputtered Ta showed no crack, no delamination, and no failures. A heat affected zone was observed in steel, which was caused by tempered to untempered martensite conversion. Our data also showed that Ta sputtered in Ar consisted of minimum interface meta-stable tetragonal Ta fingers, which converted to bcc Ta in the heat affected zone; Ta sputtered in Kr consisted of 100% stable bcc Ta under similar experimental conditions.
Pressure-Induced Phase Transformations in Li-based Complex Hydrides
Authors: Chellappa Raja , Chandra Dhanesh , Gramsch Stephen , Somayazulu Maddury , Hemley Russell 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAn overview of the pressure-induced transformations and order-disorder phenomena in LiAlH4 (up to 7 GPa) and LiNH2 (up to 25 GPa) are presented. The analysis of pressure-induced changes in Raman spectra suggest a phase transition at ∼3 GPa for LiAlH4 and ∼14 GPa for LiNH2. New results on the metastable recovery of the high pressure β-LiAlH4 phase are also presented. An examination of the lattice translational and librational modes reveals that the high pressure β-LiAlH4 phase is disordered while there is evidence of orientational ordering in the high pressure beta-LiNH2 phase.
FIRST BREEDING RECORD OF PINTADO PETREL DAPTION CAPENSIS AT MARION ISLAND
Authors: Masotla Makhudu Josiah 
Published: June 2019

Pintado or Cape Petrels Daption capense have a circumpolar distribution and have been recorded breeding at 23 localities in the Southern Ocean. They have been recorded as vagrants to Marion Island since 1951. Oosthuizen et al. (2009) regarded them as occurring too frequently for the species to be regarded as a vagrant, but was never thought to be breeding there. This is the first record of the species breeding at the PEIs and brings the number of seabird species, including the Lesser Sheathbill, reported breeding there to 31.
Pierre Bourdieu og den sociologiske tænkning om læreren (subjektivitet og socialitet)
Authors: Callewaert Staf 
Published: June 2019

Vort tema har titlen "lærerpersonligheden". For mig er det ikke så klart hvad der kan menes med det. Med ordet lærer plejer man jo i første omgang at antyde indehaveren af en erhvervsrolle og en funktionærstatus, samt en lønarbejder­status inden for rammen af det formelle uddannelsessystem i offentlig regi, dvs. folkeskolelærer, gymnasielærer, universitetslærer. Men man forlader ikke hverdagssproget hvis man anvender ordet i en bredere mening om alle som formidler en viden eller en kunnen.
Sagen kompliceres desuden straks af at den vægt vi lægger på formidling af kundskaber og færdigheder, klart nok gerne associeres med ordet lærer, men selve den rolle som ordet betegner, er også associeret med opdragelse, dvs. med noget som er bredere.
Hvad kan man så mene med ordet personlighed? Det er straks sværere at svare på det. Hverdagssproget betegner med dette per definition noget i retning af det konkrete individ, opfattet som et samlet centrum for handling i videste mening, som udviser en vis kontinuitet i tid og rum. Videre kan man sige at ordet personlighed associeres med en specifik måde at være et sådant centrum på, måske tilmed en unik måde at være det. Dette har desuden en slags indre dimension som ikke er direkte tilgængelig ud over gennem personlighedens manifestationer: den jeg oplever at være indefra, jeg som oplever centrum ikke bare for handling, men som den plads hvor jeg oplever mig selv (subjektivitet). Og det har en social dimension som i sig selv er mangfoldig: både jeg og du, jeg og vi, interindividuel og supraindividuel (socialitet).
Liberación de oxígeno radial por las raíces de las plantas nativas de humedales tropicales costeros de Veracruz en respuesta a diferentes condiciones de inundación
Authors: Sánchez-Olivares Evelyn , Marín-Muñiz Jose Luis , Hernandez-Alarcón Maria Elizabeth 
Published: June 2019

Antecedentes: La liberación de oxígeno por las plantas de humedales es un proceso fisiológico que oxigena el sedimento favoreciendo la actividad de los microorganismos aeróbicos, dicha actividad impacta los servicios ambientales de los humedales. Poco se sabe sobre la liberación de oxígeno por las plantas nativas de los humedales de México.Preguntas: ¿Cuál de las macrófitas más abundantes de los humedales de Veracruz, presenta la mayor liberación de oxígeno radial? y ¿Las condiciones de inundación tienen algún efecto en la liberación de oxígeno radial de las macrófitas nativas de los humedales costeros?Área de estudio: Veracruz, México.Métodos: Se mido la producción y porosidad de la raíz, y la liberación de oxígeno por el método de citrato de titanio en 7 de las especies nativas de los humedales de Veracruz, crecidas bajo tres condiciones hidrológicas: capilaridad, saturación e inundación.Resultados: Las especies con mayor peso y volumen de raíz ( Pontederia sagittata, Sagitaria lancifolia y Thalia geniculata ) mostraron bajas liberaciones de oxígeno radial en base a peso seco. La liberación de oxígeno por planta bajo condiciones de inundación mostró diferencias significativas entre las especies, Typha domingensis mostró mayor liberación de oxígeno (148 ±46 µmol O2 d-1) y Leersia ligularis la menor (22 ± 46 µmol O2 d-1). Conclusión: La inundación ocasionó una disminución en la producción de biomasa de las raíces de las plantas nativas de los humedales de Veracruz, un aumento en la porosidad y estimuló la libración de oxígeno por planta, encontrándose diferencias significativas entre las plantas estudiadas.
Functional Outcomes of Thoracolumbar Junction Spine Fractures
Authors: Wall Bradford A. , Moskowitz Alan , Whitaker M. Camden , Jones Teresa L. , Stuckey Ryan M. , Carr-Maben Catherine L. , Chong Alexander CM. 
Published: June 2019

Introduction. Few studies have evaluated the functionaloutcomes of traumatic thoracic and lumbar vertebral bodyfractures. This study evaluated the functional and clinicaloutcomes of patients, who sustained a fracture to thethoracolumbar area of the spine (T10 to L2 region), with≥ 25° kyphosis versus those with less kyphotic curvature.
Methods. The trauma registry records of two level 1 traumacenters using ICD-9 codes for fracture to the thoracolumbarjuncture (T10 to L2 region) were reviewed. Kyphosis anglewas measured on the standing lateral thoracolumbar (T1 -L5) radiograph at initial trauma and at clinical follow-up.Functional outcome questionnaires, including the OswestryDisability Questionnaire (ODQ), the Roland Morris DisabilityQuestionnaire (RMDQ), and the Nottingham Health Profile(NHP), were evaluated at clinical follow-up. Work statusand medication used after trauma also were recorded.
Results. A total of 38 patients met the inclusive criteria. Seventeenpatients (45%) had ≥ 25° kyphosis and 21 patients (55%)had < 25° kyphosis at follow-up. These two groups were similarbased on sex and age. Based on the ODQ Score, the RMDQScore, and the NHP, no statistically significant differenceswere detected between the two groups in regards to energy,pain, mobility, emotional reaction, social isolation, and sleep.
Conclusions. Patients who sustained a fracture to the thoracolumbararea of the spine with ≥ 25° kyphosis do notreport worse clinical outcomes. When using the kyphosisangle as an indication for surgery, it should be used withcaution and not exclusively. KS J Med 2017;10(2):30-34.
Safe Sleep Knowledge and Use of Provided Cribs in a Crib Delivery Program
Authors: Engel Matthew , Ahlers-Schmidt Carolyn R. , Suter Bonita 
Published: June 2019

Introduction. Risk of infant sleep-related death can be reducedthrough safe sleep practices. Barriers to infant safe sleep have beenmitigated through education and crib distribution, however, previousstudies have not explored whether distributed cribs are put to use.
Methods. In a rural Michigan county, the Great Start Sleep Initiativesupplied cribs and education shortly after infant birth to familieswith high-risk of infant mortality, as assessed through comprehensiveinterviews with families by program staff. Participant knowledgewas evaluated using structured pre- and post-assessments beforeand after education. Further, a home visit was conducted to evaluatethe infant’s sleeping environment. Data from the program, collectedbetween January 2012 and December 2014, were evaluated.
Results. Cribs and concomitant education were delivered to 75caregivers. Knowledge of safe sleep practices increased significantlyat follow-up with 67 caregivers (89%) affirming back positioning,68 (91%) endorsing removal of unsafe items or soft objects, suchas blankets, from the sleeping area, and 42 (56%) renouncing bedsharing.At the home visit, 74 caregivers (99%) were using a crib toput their infant down to sleep, 70 (93%) were using the providedcrib, and 67 (89%) had no unsafe items in the child’s sleeping area.
Conclusion. Providing education to high-risk mothersresulted in improved safe sleep knowledge and providedcribs are used in these homes. KS J Med 2017;10(3):59-61.
Elastic Abdominal Binders Reduce Cesarean Pain Postoperatively
Authors: Gustafson Jamie L. , Dong Fanglong , Duong Jennifer , Kuhlmann Zachary C. 
Published: June 2019

Introduction. A potential non-pharmacologic way to reduce postoperativepain and bleeding is using an abdominal binder duringpostoperative recovery. This study aims to determine the effect anelastic abdominal binder has on postoperative pain and hemorrhageafter cesarean delivery.
Methods. A randomized, single-site, pilot trial was conducted at twoprenatal care clinics and an academic hospital in Kansas. Beginningin April 2013, 60 patients were enrolled if delivering via cesarean.Participants were randomized to receive an abdominal binder or to acontrol group (did not use binder). Pain levels were reported by questionnaireone day after surgery using a 0 to 10 scale, with 10 being theworst pain. Patient characteristics and blood loss were assessed bymedical record review.
Results. Of the 56 patients completing the study, 29 (51.8%) wererandomized to the binder group and 27 (48.2%) were randomizedto the control group. The binder group reported significantly lowerpain score (p = 0.019) and average pain score (p = 0.024). There wasno difference in body mass index, age, previous surgery, infant birthweight, estimated blood loss, and average dose of pain medicationduring the first 24 hours after the cesarean delivery between the twogroups. There was no difference in pre- and post-operative hemoglobinlevels by treatment group (p = 0.406).
Conclusions. Abdominal binders may be associated with improvedpostoperative pain scores but did not affect postoperative hemorrhage.Kans J Med 2018;11(2):48-53.
Fortnite EF, un nuevo juego deportivo para el aula de Educación Física. Propuesta de innovación y gamificación basada en el videojuego Fortnite
Authors: Arufe Giráldez Víctor 
Published: June 2019

El aula de Educación Física se convierte en un escenario óptimo para el trabajo de múltiples contenidos que inciden positivamente en el desarrollo social, afectivo, emocional, psíquico y físico del alumnado. La gamificación, los videojuegos y la innovación son un buen medio para mejorar el aprendizaje de contenidos del currículo. A través de esta propuesta innovadora y de gamificación se ofrece al profesorado de Educación Física una adaptación didáctica del exitoso videojuego Fortnite, un videojuego que ha llamado la atención de millones de jugadores en todo el mundo, especialmente niños y adolescentes. Se crea para ello un nuevo juego deportivo denominado Fortnite EF, su objetivo es trabajar diversos contenidos del currículo educativo de Educación Primaria y Secundaria, potenciando la motivación y grado de disfrute en la práctica deportiva, previniendo comportamientos violentos y trabajando diferentes valores. Se presenta el desarrollo íntegro de la propuesta didáctica y se desarrolla un enfoque metodológico de la investigación basado en la recogida de datos a través de cuestionarios pasados a alumnado universitario futuros docentes. Los resultados confirman una mayor motivación hacia la práctica deportiva, un mejor trabajo de valores y prevención de comportamientos violentos durante el juego así como una forma innovadora de trabajar diferentes contenidos del currículo a través de este juego deportivo, siendo definido por los participantes como muy intenso, dinámico, divertido y estimulante además de afirmar cerca de un 95% de los encuestados que se trata de un juego rápido, lleno de estímulos y con un nivel de compromiso motor alto.
La responsabilidad del Estado colombiano por uso de armas de fuego en casos de conflicto armado interno
Authors: Mondragón Duarte Sergio Luis , Pérez Medina Andrés Gustavo 
Published: June 2019

El Estado colombiano se ha visto inmerso en múltiples casos de responsabilidad estatal por el uso de armas de fuego de dotación oficial con ocasión del conflicto armado interno. Estas situaciones se han visto reflejadas en casos especiales, como el de la masacre de Mapiripán vs. Colombia o la masacre de la Rochela, que fueron decididos en su momento por la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos (CIDH), dada la ausencia de garantías por parte del sistema judicial colombiano para promover y adelantar un proceso penal sin dilaciones justificadas que permitiera reconocer su responsabilidad, reparar integralmente a las víctimas y juzgar de manera ágil, oportuna y de fondo tanto a los autores y coautores de la comisión de la conducta punible como a los colaboradores e intervinientes de las actividades delictivas desplegadas para la consumación efectiva de estos hechos (Corte Interamericana de Derecho Humanos, 2014).
La anterior situación ameritó la formulación de la siguiente pregunta de investigación en el marco de la responsabilidad estatal por uso de armas de fuego de dotación oficial cuando se atenta contra la población civil dentro del conflicto armado interno colombiano: ¿en qué casos opera el reconocimiento de la responsabilidad del Estado por uso de armas de fuego de dotación oficial dentro del conflicto armado interno?, respecto de la cual se determinó su abordaje a partir de la siguiente estructura: 1) identificación de la responsabilidad del Estado colombiano en el conflicto armado interno, 2) análisis de la evolución del régimen de responsabilidad estatal por uso de armas de fuego de dotación oficial y 3) establecimiento de la responsabilidad del Estado colombiano por uso de armas de fuego de dotación oficial con ocasión del conflicto armado interno.
El alcance de estudio de la presente investigación es analítico-explicativo, pero parte de un enfoque descriptivo que da a conocer las categorías básicas integradoras de la responsabilidad del Estado; de esta manera, el estudio pasa por los títulos de imputación jurídica que determinan su configuración en casos de uso de armas de fuego de dotación oficial, hasta llegar a la revelación del encuadre que sistematiza los casos de responsabilidad del Estado por uso de arma de fuego de dotación oficial con ocasión del conflicto armado interno, para finalmente llegar a la conclusión de que se debe revisar cada caso concreto para regular de forma clara y específica la resolución de conflictos que se promueven en la materia desde la jurisdicción contenciosa administrativa y la jurisdicción penal ordinaria.
Modelo de Control Interno para pequeños y medianos restaurantes
Authors: Vergara de la Ossa Rocio 
Published: June 2019

El trabajo tuvo por objetivo realizar una propuesta de un Modelo de Control Interno Contable y Financiero para pequeños y medianos restaurantes. Para ellogro del objetivo, se utilizaron los métodos inductivo y el deductivo, para la recolección de la información se tienen fuentes primarias como lo son los restaurantes que se encuentren afiliados a la Asociación y la misma Asociación, y datos proporcionados de estudios previos realizados por dicha Asociación, también se recurre a fuentes secundarias. Para el desarrollo del proyecto, se procedió a realizar una caracterización de los restaurantes que se encontraban asociados, se revisaron las normatividades que regulan este sector para determinar cuáles eran las más relevantes que se debían tener en cuenta al momento de desarrollar el modelo. Entre los resultados, se muestra el modelo diseñado, el cual debe ser entendido como una herramienta que les permitirá tener un mayor control sobre las áreas más vulnerables, el mismo debe entenderse como base o punto de partida para la adaptación de un modelo de acuerdo a las necesidades propias de cada restaurante, conservando los derechos de autor