bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Venting issues
Authors: Sharma Neel , Cooney Rachel , Cooper Sheldon C 
Published: October 2019

IntroductionA 65-year-old woman with type 3 intestinal failure secondary to scleroderma of the gut (limited cutaneous sclerosis (centromere positive) and rheumatoid arthritis (anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (CCP) and rheumatoid factor positive)) on home parenteral nutrition since 2011 underwent a venting PEG replacement in 2015 for intractable vomiting due to gut dysmotility and small bowel bacterial overgrowth, poorly responding to cyclical antibiotics. An endoscopy was undertaken for planned PEG review for consideration of elective replacement (figure 1).Figure 1Initial endoscopy.Based on this endoscopy, her case was discussed at a multidisciplinary team meeting and the anaesthetic risk of laparotomy to remove the PEG was deemed too high (previous endoscopic PEG exchange under sedation had been poorly tolerated due to tube removal through the oesophagus (possibly affected by scleroderma), and necessitated anaesthesia). Therefore, it was decided to insert a new venting PEG endoscopically alongside the previous buried PEG (cut short and clamped) with the plan to remove the old one at a later date.QuestionsWhat is shown during the initial endoscopy?What is shown during follow-up endoscopy?
Advances in ICP-MS technology and the application of multi-element geochemistry to exploration
Authors: Sader Jamil A. , Ryan Shawn 
Published: October 2019

There have been several advances in inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometer (ICP-MS) analytical technologies in the last decade. Collision/reaction cell ICP-MS and triple quadrupole ICP-MS techniques can produce lower detection limits for select elements that experience interferences with a standard quadrupole (e.g. Se and As). Triple quadrupole ICP-MS, in particular, can eliminate virtually all polyatomic or isobaric interferences for highly accurate measurements of some element isotopes systematics that are of great interest in mineral exploration, namely Pb/Pb. Laser ablation ICP-MS has become more popular as an effective analytical tool to measure mineral grain trace elements, which could assist in vectoring to mineralization or exploration drill targets. The ablation of a spot on a Li-borate fused glass disk paired with XRF analysis has also gained popularity as an alternative to total whole rock characterization packages that employ several separate digestions and analytical methods. While there have been several advancements in ICP-MS technologies in exploration geochemistry, they have not been widely accepted or implemented. This slow adaptation could be due to the extended recession in the mining industry between 2012 and 2017. It is also possible that standard ICP-MS data (i.e. no collision/reaction cell) is still fit for purpose. This stands in stark contrast to implementation of ICP-MS in the previous decade (1997–2007), which was transformational for the industry.
Consideration of all elements from large multi-element ICP-MS analytical suites for mineral exploration can be an extremely powerful tool in the exploration toolkit. The discovery of the White Gold District, Yukon, is a prime example of how the utilization of soil geochemical data, when plotted spatially, can vector to gold mineralization. The presence of Au + As + Sb soil anomalies were key to delineating mineralization, especially when accompanied by publicly available geological, geographical and geophysical data. Additionally, elements and element ratios not typically considered in Au exploration, including Ni and U, were utilized to determine the lithological and structural controls on mineralization. The availability of multi-element ICP-MS data was also useful in the discovery of the Cascadero Copper Taron Caesium deposit. Ore-grade Cs was discovered only because Cs was included in the multi-element ICP-MS exploration geochemistry suite. Before the availability of ICP-MS, it is unlikely that this deposit would have been discovered.

Thematic collection:
This article is part of the Exploration 17 collection available at:
https://www.lyellcollection.org/cc/exploration-17
Cleaved Caspase-3 Transcriptionally Regulates Angiogenesis-Promoting Chemotherapy Resistance
Authors: Bernard Antoine , Chevrier Sandy , Beltjens Françoise , Dosset Magalie , Viltard Etienne , Lagrange Anaïs , Derangère Valentin , Oudot Alexandra , Ghiringhelli François , Collin Bertrand , Apetoh Lionel , Feron Olivier , Chen Suzie , Arnould Laurent , Végran Frédérique , Boidot Romain 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Caspases are well known for their role in apoptosis. Recently, nonapoptotic roles of caspases have been identified, however, these noncanonical roles are not well documented and the mechanisms involved are not fully understood. Here, we studied the role of cleaved caspase-3 using human- and mouse-proficient caspase-3 cancer cell lines and human-deficient caspase-3 cancer cells. Cleaved caspase-3 functioned as a transcription factor and directly bound to DNA. A DNA-binding domain was identified in the small subunit of caspase-3 and an active conformation was essential for caspase-3 transcriptional activity. Caspase-3 DNA binding enhanced angiogenesis by upregulating the expression of proangiogenic genes and by activating pathways that promoted endothelial cell activation. Some proapoptotic genes were downregulated in caspase-3–proficient cells. Inhibiting caspase-3 increased the efficacy of chemotherapy and decreased spontaneous tumor development. These data highlight a novel nonapoptotic role of caspase-3 and suggest that cleaved caspase-3 could be a new therapeutic target in cancer.

Significance:
These findings report a noncanonical function of caspase-3 by demonstrating its ability to transcriptionally regulate the VEGFR pathway.
Notes on the genus Dianous LEACH, 1819 with description of a new species from China (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae)
Authors: WANG WEI , TANG LIANG , LUO YONG-TING 
Published: October 2019

A new species of the Dianous calceatus complex from China is described: Dianous pengi Wang, Tang & Luo sp. n. from Guangxi Province. New distributional records are reported for Dianous calvicollis Puthz, 2016, Dianous luteostigmaticus Rougemont, 1986 and Dianous huanghaoi Tang & Li, 2011. Diagnostic characters for all the species are illustrated.
Assessing Dual-Polarization Radar Estimates of Extreme Rainfall during Hurricane Harvey
Authors: Wolff David B. , Petersen Walter A. , Tokay Ali , Marks David A. , Pippitt Jason L. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractHurricane Harvey hit the Texas Gulf Coast as a major hurricane on 25 August 2017 before exiting the state as a tropical storm on 29 August 2017. Left in its wake was historic flooding, with some locations measuring more than 60 in. (150 cm) of rain over a 5-day period. The WSR-88D radar (KHGX) maintained operations for the entirety of the event. Rain gauge data from the Harris County Flood Warning System (HCFWS) was used for validation with the full radar dataset to retrieve daily and event-total precipitation estimates for the period 25–29 August 2017. The KHGX precipitation estimates were then compared with the HCFWS gauges. Three different hybrid polarimetric rainfall retrievals were used, along with attenuation-based retrieval that employs the radar-observed differential propagation. An advantage of using a attenuation-based retrieval is its immunity to partial beam blockage and calibration errors in reflectivity and differential reflectivity. All of the retrievals are susceptible to changes in the observed drop size distribution (DSD). No in situ DSD data were available over the study area, so changes in the DSD were interpreted by examining the observed radar data. We examined the parameter space of two key values in the attenuation retrieval to test the sensitivity of the rain retrieval. Selecting a value of α = 0.015 and β = 0.600 provided the best overall results, relative to the gauges, but more work needs to be done to develop an automated technique to account for changes in the ambient DSD.
Characterizing Posterior Neck Masses: A Single-Institution Retrospective and Systematic Review
Authors: Moss William J. , Finegersh Andrey , Narayanan Ajay , Gillard Danielle , Califano Joseph , Brumund Kevin T. , Coffey Charley S. , Orosco Ryan K. 
Published: October 2019

Objective: Posterior neck masses are a relatively poorly characterized entity. The authors attempt to further characterize the anatomy and pathology of the posterior neck by way of a combined single-institution retrospective chart review and systematic review of the literature. Methods: A single-institution retrospective chart review was undertaken for all patients undergoing excision of a posterior neck mass between January 1, 2012, and January 1, 2017. A systematic review of the Medline, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane database was undertaken in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines in search of case reports and series describing posterior neck masses. Results: A total of 28 patients who underwent excision of a posterior neck mass were encountered during the retrospective chart review. All pathologies were benign, the most prevalent of which was lipoma (22/28, 79%). A total of 19 articles describing a collective 36 posterior neck masses were encountered during the systematic review. Lipomas were the most common pathology (15/36, 42%). All but one of the masses reported were benign (35/36, 97%). Conclusions: Patients presenting with posterior neck masses can be reassured of a low risk of malignancy. The majority of posterior neck masses can be appropriately evaluated via physical examination and ultrasound.
Work-directed rehabilitation or physical activity to support work ability and mental health in common mental disorders: a pilot randomized controlled trial
Authors: Danielsson Louise , Waern Margda , Hensing Gunnel , Holmgren Kristina 
Published: October 2019

Objective: To evaluate feasibility and potential effectiveness of work-directed rehabilitation in people with common mental disorders. Design: Pilot randomized controlled trial. Setting: Primary healthcare, Sweden. Subjects: Working adults ( n = 42) of mean age 46.2 ± 11.1 years with depression or anxiety disorder. Interventions: Eight weeks of work-directed rehabilitation ( n = 21) or physical activity ( n = 21). Work-directed rehabilitation included sessions with a physiotherapist and/or an occupational therapist, to develop strategies to cope better at work. Physical activity included a planning session and access to a local gym. Main measures: Feasibility: attendance, discontinuation and adverse events. Measurements were the Work Ability Index, the Global Assessment of Functioning, the Montgomery–Asberg Depression Rating Scale, the Beck Anxiety Inventory and the World Health Organization—Five Well-Being Index. Results: Attendance to rehabilitation sessions was 88% ( n = 147/167) and discontinuation rate was 14% ( n = 3/21). No serious adverse events were reported. Within both groups, there was a significant improvement in Work Ability Index score (mean change: 3.6 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.45, 6.7) in work-directed rehabilitation and 3.9 (95% CI: 0.9, 7.0) in physical activity) with no significant difference between groups. For the other outcomes, significant improvements were found within but not between groups. Per-protocol analysis showed a trend toward the antidepressant effect of work-directed rehabilitation compared to physical activity (mean difference in depression score −3.1 (95% CI: −6.8, 0.4), P = 0.075). Conclusion: Work-directed rehabilitation was feasible to persons with common mental disorders and improved their work ability and mental health. Comparable improvements were seen in the physical activity group. Suggested modifications for a larger trial include adding a treatment-as-usual control.
Partial-Thickness Rotator Cuff Tear by Itself Does Not Cause Shoulder Pain or Muscle Weakness in Baseball Players
Authors: Mihata Teruhisa , Morikura Rei , Hasegawa Akihiko , Fukunishi Kunimoto , Kawakami Takeshi , Fujisawa Yukitaka , Ohue Mutsumi , Neo Masashi 
Published: October 2019

Background: Partial-thickness rotator cuff tears are common shoulder injuries in baseball players. For some tears, the symptoms can be relieved through physical therapy or debridement without rotator cuff repair. Purpose: To assess whether partial-thickness rotator cuff tear by itself causes shoulder pain and muscle weakness in baseball players. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: We studied 87 university baseball players (age, 19.5 ± 0.8 years; baseball career, 11.5 ± 1.6 years). All data were obtained during a full-participation annual medical check in 1 team. Rotator cuff tendons were examined ultrasonographically and allocated to 4 groups: (1) no tear, (2) supraspinatus tendon tear, (3) infraspinatus tendon tear, and (4) both supraspinatus and infraspinatus tendon tears. Current shoulder pain and shoulder muscle strength (dominant/nondominant) in abduction, external rotation, and internal rotation were compared by using chi-square and t tests. All players could play baseball with or without shoulder pain in this study. Results: Of the 87 players, 41 (47%) had articular-sided partial-thickness rotator cuff tears diagnosed on ultrasonography; the remaining 46 athletes were tear-free. Of the 41 affected patients, 19 had tears in the supraspinatus, 13 in the infraspinatus, and 9 in both the supraspinatus and infraspinatus tendons. Tear depth (mean ± SD) was 4.6 ± 2.3 mm in the supraspinatus and 6.2 ± 3.6 mm in the infraspinatus. Neither the rate of shoulder pain nor muscle strength differed significantly among the 4 groups ( P = .96 and P = .15-.70, respectively). Conclusion: Articular-sided partial-thickness rotator cuff tear—by itself—did not cause shoulder pain and muscle weakness in university baseball players. Most so-called articular-sided partial-thickness rotator cuff tears may not be pathologic tendon tears.
Firm innovation and capitalist dialectics: The economics of Nina Shapiro
Authors: Balakrishnan Radhika , Milberg William 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis essay is a review of and tribute to the life and contributions of Nina Shapiro, who passed away this year. Shapiro was an American Post-Keynesian economist, who was a bridge figure in radical economics, connecting Marx to Keynes, Schumpeter to Kaldor, the behavior of the firm to the dynamics of the macroeconomy, and the process of innovation to the organization of production and accumulation. She was seminal to important moments in the history of radical economics in the US, including the formation of the Hegel-inspired journal Social Concept in the 1980s and the Rutgers University’s Post-Keynesian circle in the 1980s and 1990s. Shapiro’s deeply philosophical and dialectical approach to firm behavior, innovation, and business cycles led her to theorize the “revolutionary character” of Post-Keynesian economics and to formulate a critique of the competitive neoclassical firm which, she argued, is at odds with the logic of capitalism in which firms seek to make profit and grow.
Optimization of Meniscus Cell Transduction Using Lentivirus and Adeno-Associated Virus for Gene Editing and Tissue Engineering Applications
Authors: Arrigoni Paolo , Ruprecht Jacob C. , Chasse Dawn A.D. , Glass Katherine A. , Andress Benjamin , Guilak Farshid , Weinberg J. Brice , McNulty Amy L. 
Published: October 2019

Objectives The utilization of viral vectors to deliver genes of interest directly to meniscus cells and promote long-term modulation of gene expression may prove useful to enhance meniscus repair and regeneration. The objective of this study was to optimize and compare the potential of lentivirus (LV) and adeno-associated virus (AAV) to deliver transgenes to meniscus cells in both intact meniscus tissue and isolated primary cells in monolayer. Design Porcine meniscus tissue explants and primary meniscus cells in monolayer were transduced with LV or self-complementary AAV2 (scAAV2) encoding green fluorescent protein (GFP). Following transduction, explants were enzymatically digested to isolate meniscus cells, and monolayer cells were trypsinized. Isolated cells were analyzed by flow cytometry to determine percent transduction. Results LV and scAAV2 showed a high transduction efficiency in monolayer meniscus cells. scAAV2 was most effective at transducing cells within intact meniscus tissue but the efficiency was less than 20%. Outer zone meniscus cells were more readily transduced by both LV and scAAV2 than the inner zone cells. Higher virus titers and higher cell density resulted in improved transduction efficiency. Polybrene was necessary for the highest transduction efficiency with LV, but it reduced scAAV2 transduction. Conclusions Both LV and scAAV2 efficiently transduce primary meniscus cells but only scAAV2 can modestly transduce cells embedded in meniscus tissue. This work lays the foundation for viral gene transfer to be utilized to deliver bioactive transgenes or gene editing machinery, which can induce long-term and tunable expression of therapeutic proteins from tissue-engineered constructs for meniscus repair and regeneration.
The Role of Organizational Trust and JOY in Organization’s Strategic Behaviour
Authors: Quttainah Majdi A. 
Published: October 2019

The concepts of Organizational Trust (OT) and JOY have changed substantially both denotatively and conceptually over the span of past years. This article reveals the insights, understands and explores the conundrum of OT and JOY. The study involves breaking down the transient sentiment of JOY and traces the impact it shares on OT. We endeavour to break down applicable arbiters and arbitrators that may impact JOY and association trust. It is found that consumers trust less without JOY and buy less without OT. This implies that retailers should put in a constant effort into JOY, which would lead to clear market understanding of their customers demand and taste. Along these lines, the connection among Organization Trust and JOY can be described as commonly affecting a consumer’s feelings and experiences by focusing on the positive and negative events. The use of a survey method handles the moderating impact of OT on repurchase intentions of customers. Early exists of customers direct an impact on repurchasing adversely.
Return to Sport After Turf Toe Injuries: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Vopat Matthew L. , Hassan Maaz , Poppe Tanner , Tarakemeh Armin , Zackula Rosey , Mulcahey Mary K. , Mullen Scott , Burkholder Rick , Schroeppel John Paul , Vopat Bryan G. 
Published: October 2019

Background: The prevalence of turf toe injuries has increased in recent years. However, uncertainty remains as to how to optimally treat turf toe injuries and the implications that the severity of the injury has on outcomes, specifically return to sport (RTS). Purpose: To determine RTS based on treatment modality and to provide clinicians with additional information when comparing operative versus nonoperative treatment of turf toe injuries in athletes. Study Design: Systematic review; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed using the PubMed/Ovid MEDLINE/PubMed Central databases (May 1964 to August 2018) per PRISMA-IPD (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses of Individual Participant Data) guidelines. RTS, treatment, severity of injury, athletic position, and sport were recorded and analyzed. Results: Of 858 identified studies, 12 met the criteria for the final meta-analysis. The studies included 112 athletes sustaining a total of 121 turf toe injuries; 63 (52.1%) of these injuries were treated surgically, while 58 (47.9%) were treated nonoperatively, and 53.7% were classified by the grade of injury (grade I, n = 1; grade II, n = 9; grade III, n = 55). Overall, 56 (46.3%) injuries could not be classified based on the data provided and were excluded from the final analysis. The median time to RTS for patients treated nonoperatively was 5.85 weeks (range, 3.00-8.70 weeks) compared with 14.70 weeks (range, 6.00-156.43 weeks) for patients treated surgically ( P < .001); however, there was variability in the grade of injury between the 2 groups. Similarly, patients who sustained grade II injuries returned to sport more quickly (8.70 weeks) than patients who had a grade I (13.04 weeks) or grade III injury (16.50 weeks) ( P = .016). The amount of time required to RTS was significantly influenced by the athlete’s level of play (16.50 weeks for both high school and college levels; 14.70 weeks for professional level) ( P = .018). Conclusion: The time to RTS for an athlete who suffers from a turf toe injury is significantly influenced by the severity of injury and the athlete’s level of competition. Professional athletes who suffer from turf toe injuries RTS sooner than both high school and college athletes. However, there are a limited number of high-level studies evaluating turf toe injuries in the athletic population. Further research is necessary to clearly define the appropriate treatment and RTS protocols based on sport, position, and level of play.
Temporal trends in the accuracy of hospital diagnostic coding for identifying acute stroke: A population-based study
Authors: Li Linxin , Binney Lucy E , Luengo-Fernandez Ramon , Silver Louise E , Rothwell Peter M ,   on behalf of the Oxford Vascular Study
Published: October 2019

Introduction Administrative hospital diagnostic coding data are increasingly being used in identifying incident and prevalent stroke cases, for outcome audit and for ‘big data’ research. Validity of administrative coding has varied in previous studies, but little is known about the temporal trends of coding accuracy, which could bias analyses. Patients and methods Using all incident and recurrent strokes in a population-based cohort (Oxford Vascular Study/OXVASC) with multiple sources of ascertainment as the reference, we determined the temporal trends in sensitivity and positive predictive value of hospital diagnostic codes for identifying acute stroke from 2002 to 2017. Results Of 1883 hospitalised strokes, 1341 (71.2%) were correctly identified by coding. Sensitivity of coding improved over time for all strokes (ptrend = 0.005) and for incident cases (ptrend = 0.002). Of 1995 apparent stroke admissions identified by International Classification of Disease-10 stroke codes (I60–I68), 1588 (79.6%) used the stroke-specific codes (I60–I61/I63–I64). Positive predictive value was higher with the use of specific codes (83.2% vs. 69.2% for all codes) and highest if combined with the first admission only (88.5%), particularly during more recent time periods (2014–2017 = 90.3%). Of 2254 OXVASC incident strokes, 833 (37.0%) were not hospitalised. Sensitivity of coding increased over time for non-disabling stroke (ptrend = 0.001), but not for disabling/fatal stroke (ptrend = 0.40). Conclusions Although accuracy of hospital diagnostic coding for identifying acute strokes improved over the last 15 years, residual insensitivity supports linkage to other sources in large epidemiological studies. Moreover, differences in the time trends of coding sensitivity in relation to stroke severity might bias studies of trends in stroke outcome if only administrative coding is used.