bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Regulation of Smoothened ubiquitylation and cell surface expression through a Cul4–DDB1–Gβ E3 ubiquitin ligase complex
Authors: Li Shuang , Cho Yong Suk , Wang Bing , Li Shuangxi , Jiang Jin 
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACT
Hedgehog (Hh) transduces signals by promoting cell surface accumulation and activation of the G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR)-family protein Smoothened (Smo) in Drosophila, but the molecular mechanism underlying the regulation of Smo trafficking remains poorly understood. Here, we identified the Cul4–DDB1 E3 ubiquitin ligase complex as being essential for Smo ubiquitylation and cell surface clearance. We found that the C-terminal intracellular domain of Smo recruits Cul4–DDB1 through the β subunit of trimeric G protein (Gβ), and that Cul4–DDB1–Gβ promotes the ubiquitylation of both Smo and its binding partner G-protein-coupled-receptor kinase 2 (Gprk2) and induces the internalization and degradation of Smo. Hh dissociates Cul4–DDB1 from Smo by recruiting the catalytic subunit of protein kinase A (PKA) to phosphorylate DDB1, which disrupts its interaction with Gβ. Inactivation of the Cul4–DDB1 complex resulted in elevated Smo cell surface expression, whereas an excessive amount of Cul4–DDB1 blocked Smo accumulation and attenuated Hh pathway activation. Taken together, our study identifies an E3 ubiquitin ligase complex targeting Smo for ubiquitylation and provides new insight into how Hh signaling regulates Smo trafficking and cell surface expression.
The rise of historical and cultural perspectives in fashion studies in Japan
Authors: Fujishima Yoko , Sakura Osamu 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
This article seeks to clarify the historical process by which the study of western clothing developed in Japan, and to discuss how this has related to traditional Japanese clothing culture. From this perspective, the study of dress and fashion in Japan will be seen in conjunction with the processes by which the Japanese fashion industry adopted western clothes into its own fashion culture. In the 1970s, a strong desire to promote further development of the fashion industry fuelled the advancement of research that looked at clothing from a historical and cultural perspective. The symbolic event at the origin of this paradigm shift was a large fashion exhibition titled The Origin of Contemporary Fashion (held in 1975 at the National Museum of Modern Art in Kyoto), and the 1978 establishment of the Kyoto Costume Institute (KCI) as mécénat (corporate patronage of the arts and culture) of a lingerie company. The KCI was strongly influenced by western museums and referred to accumulated knowledge in western academia. Thus, the exhibition and the establishment of the KCI will be seen in this article as the link between western and Japanese fashion studies. The fact that this significant transition in fashion studies was driven by the fashion industry has had both positive and negative effects. The KCI’s role as a mécénat organization made it possible to attract the newest forms of fashion exhibition from western countries and to establish a research institute promptly. On the other hand, the KCI’s role in promoting the study of fashion has complicated the relationship between academic research and the interests of the fashion industry, which they also stood for and were interested in developing.
The optimal rate of return for defined contribution pension systems in a stochastic framework
Authors: Angrisani Massimo , di Nella Giovanni , di Palo Cinzia , Pianese Augusto 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
This paper deals with the problem of the optimal rate of return to be paid by a defined contribution pension system to its participants’ savings, namely the rate that achieves the goal of the most favorable returns on their contributions jointly with the sustainability of the pension system.
We consider defined contribution pension systems provided with a funded component, and for their study we use the “theory of the logical sustainability of pension systems” already developed in several previous works. In this paper, we focus on pension systems in a demographically stable state, whereas the productivity of the active participants and the financial rate of return on the pension system’s fund, rates that constitute the “ingredients” of the optimal rate of return on contributions, are modeled by two stochastic processes.
We show that the decisional rule defining the optimal rate of return on contributions is optimal in the sense that it is effective in terms of sustainability, and also efficient in the sense that if the system pays to its participants’ contributions a rate of return that is either higher or lower than the one provided by the rule, then the pension system becomes unsustainable or overcapitalized, respectively.
Does Man Marking Influence Running Outputs and Intensity During Small-Sided Soccer Games?
Authors: Aasgaard Mats , Kilding Andrew E. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Aasgaard, M and Kilding, AE. Does man marking influence running outputs and intensity during small-sided soccer games? J Strength Cond Res 34(11): 3266–3274, 2020—Small-sided games (SSGs) are considered an effective training tool for physical development in soccer. Small-sided games can be modified in several ways to manipulate the physical demands to best match the game demands, player characteristics, and session objectives. The aim of this study was to compare the physiological, perceptual, and Global Positioning System (GPS)–derived time-motion characteristics of man marking (MM) vs. non–man marking (NMM) in 2v2, 3v3, and 4v4 SSGs. In an acute crossover design, 8 amateur soccer players (mean age ± SD: 23.6 ± 3.3 years) played 2v2, 3v3, and 4v4 SSGs consisting of 4 × 4-minute bouts, with 2-minute passive recovery. During all SSGs, players wore a heart rate (HR) monitor and GPS unit and reported their rating of perceived exertion (RPE). Average percent HR (%HRave) induced small to moderate effects with MM compared with NMM (%Δ = 1–2.7%; effect size [ES] = 0.22–0.65). Comparisons between MM formats indicated a decrease in %HRave with increased player numbers (%Δ = 1.6–3.5%; ES = 0.39–0.86). Perceptual load increased with MM compared with NMM (%Δ = 6.7–17.6%; ES = 0.66–2.09), whereas increases in player numbers (MM only) reduced RPE output (%Δ = 9.4–24.3%; ES = 1.14–3.61). Time-motion characteristics revealed substantially greater total distance covered in MM irrespective of player number (%Δ = 6.8–14.7%; ES = 1.34–2.82). There were very likely increases in distances covered at striding (13.1–17.8 km·h−1) (%Δ: 23.4–33.2; ES = 2.42–4.35) and high-intensity running (HIR) (17.9–21 km·h−1) (%Δ: 47.3–104; ES = 0.91–1.68) for MM compared with NMM irrespective of player number. In conclusion, MM substantially elevated perceptual load and distances from striding to HIR regardless of player number, whereas differences between NMM and MM for internal load remain unclear. Use of MM may allow coaches to condition for particularly demanding phases of the game and prescription of larger SSG formats to increase distance covered at higher velocities.
Hyperandrogenism Enhances Muscle Strength After Progressive Resistance Training, Independent of Body Composition, in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Authors: Kogure Gislaine S. , Silva Rafael C. , Miranda-Furtado Cristiana L. , Ribeiro Victor B. , Pedroso Daiana C.C. , Melo Anderson S. , Ferriani Rui A. , Reis Rosana Maria dos 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Kogure, GS, Silva, RC, Miranda-Furtado, CL, Ribeiro, VB, Pedroso, DCC, Melo, AS, Ferriani, RA, and Reis, RMd. Hyperandrogenism enhances muscle strength after progressive resistance training, independent of body composition, in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. J Strength Cond Res 32(9): 2651–2660, 2018—The effects of resistance exercise on muscle strength, body composition, and increase in cross-sectional area of skeletal muscle (hypertrophy) were evaluated in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). This case-control study included 45 PCOS and 52 non-PCOS women, with age between 18–37 years and body mass index of 18–39.9 kg·m−2. Subjects performed a program of progressive resistance training (PRT), 3 times per week for 4 months. Biochemical characteristics were measured before and after PRT. Muscle strength evaluated by 1 maximum repetition test and body composition and hypertrophy indicator, evaluated by anthropometry, were measured at baseline, at 8 weeks, and at 16 weeks after PRT. Progressive resistance training produced an increase in maximum strength (bench press, p = 0.04; leg extension, p = 0.04) in the PCOS group; however, no changes were observed in body composition between groups. Concentration of testosterone decreased in both PCOS and non-PCOS groups (p < 0.01, both) after PRT, as well as glycemia (PCOS, p = 0.01; non-PCOS, p = 0.02) and body fat percentage (p < 0.01, both). An increase in hypertrophy indicators, lean body mass (LBM), and maximum strength on all exercises was observed in both PCOS and non-PCOS groups (p < 0.01). This training protocol promoted increases in muscle strength in PCOS women, and improved hyperandrogenism and body composition by decreasing body fat and increasing LBM and muscle strength in both PCOS and non-PCOS groups. Therefore, it is suggested that resistance exercise programs could promote health and fitness in women of reproductive age, especially functional capacity of strength those with PCOS.
A Test Method for Measuring Floc Size of Slurry
Authors: Wu Silin , Zhu Wei , Min Fanlu , Fan Xihui 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Large amounts of waste slurry are produced in geotechnical engineering construction that need to be dewatered. Flocculation is typically introduced to improve the dewatering efficiency, and the floc size is a significant parameter for dewatering. Floc size distribution can be measured off-line using a laser particle analyzer. However, it has been observed that mechanical agitation during measurement can cause breakage of the flocs, potentially leading to measurement errors. The current study presents a method for measuring floc size more precisely. An Erlenmeyer flask placed on a platform shaker is used as the dispersion unit instead of the conventional dispersion unit provided by the laser particle analyzer. Flocs are mixed by hydraulic agitation provided by the platform shaker. A peristaltic pump is used to pump the suspension from the Erlenmeyer flask to the laser particle analyzer. Additionally, this article evaluates the accuracy of the off-line in situ floc size measurement method with the laser particle analyzer. A photography and image analysis, which can quantify the floc size distribution, is used to compare the results obtained from the hydraulic agitation method and the in situ method. The experimental results reveal that the hydraulic agitation method is a reliable method for measuring floc size distribution with small aggregate breakage (&lt;10 %). The in situ method, in contrast, generates errors with severe breakage and inhomogeneous aggregate breakage (10 %–55 %).
Temperature Estimations in Elastohydrodynamic Contacts of Tribochemical Processes: A Comparative Study Using Modeling by Mechanical/Wear Process Mechanisms and Chemical Kinetic Modeling
Authors: Shah Raj , Klager Cindy , Kelly Jesse 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
This article deals with the subject of thermal Elastohydrodynamic Lubrication (EHL) and how temperatures can be estimated in elastohydrodynamic contacts. An attempt has been made to explain why it is essential to study temperature effects in EHL, and the process of thermal EHL modeling has been elucidated by solving a simple thermal EHL model. The temperatures obtained from this simple model seem to agree well with published literature. A comprehensive literature review of the numerous studies in thermal EHL modeling with particular emphasis on recent developments in this field has been presented. The second part of this comprehensive study includes a comparison between temperatures in the EHL contact as obtained by mechanical models and a chemical model, which will be discussed. The contact temperature required to consume the lubricant by oxidation during a microsample wear test is determined by a chemical kinetic model. Finally, the discrepancy between the temperatures obtained by both the chemical kinetic model and the mechanical model is discussed, presenting various plausible explanations to account for the temperature difference.
Bias in Linear Regression Analysis of Compliance Measurements in Fatigue Crack Growth and Fracture Toughness Tests
Authors: Brazill Richard L. , Donald J. Keith 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
When compliance methods are used to determine specimen crack size in fracture mechanics testing, accurate and unbiased determination of the slope of the linear region of the force versus the crack opening displacement (COD) curve is required. Often, the region of interest is isolated by truncation of data that lie outside either force or COD limits. Two decisions are required: which parameter to use for the truncation and which to use as the independent variable in the linear regression analysis. This article will demonstrate that the incorrect choice of independent variable for truncated data sets can lead to a systematic bias in the determination of the linear regression slope and intercept. It will be shown with Monte Carlo simulations that the independent variable for linear regression should always be the same as the truncation variable, and in this case the variation in slope will be random, with a zero mean. The magnitude of the slope bias is related to the relative noise in each variable. Not only will this lead to a bias in determining crack size, but large errors can occur when determining nonlinearity associated with crack-opening force and in the crack-compliance method for determining the crack driving force due to residual stress, Kres.
A educação como um meio transformador da consciência histórica
Authors: Kotlinski Jaqueline , Pereira Bruno César 
Published: June 2018

Os problemas enfrentados pelo ensino de História geram um grande debate na academia sobre as mais variadas formas de ensino, sendo assim o presente trabalho busca analisar um espaço que aos poucos foi intitulado de museu pela população, e que também pode ser caracterizado como um espaço educacional não formal. O museu a ser estudado é de cunho privado, pertencente a um neto de escravo liberto, localizado na cidade de Guarapuava-PR. O Espaço contém uma grande quantidade de objetos e documentos que chegaram até ele por doações e até mesmo por herança de sua família. Utilizando de entrevistas, fotografias e demais documentos, buscamos compreender a importância desse espaço para o ensino e como ela contribui para a educação das relações Étnico-raciais que com a lei 10639/2003, se tornou obrigatório nas escolas, o ensino da história e cultura africana e afro-brasileira. Palavras-chave: Educação; museu; relações étnico-raciais.
Зміни гематологічних та біохімічних показників крові кішок за піометри до і після лікування
Authors: Vusyk D.O. 
Published: June 2018

Серед акушерських та гінекологічних захворювань одні з перших місць займають ендометрит та піометра. Для постановки діагнозу і в якості контролю лікування широко використовують клінічний і біохімічний аналізи крові. У кішок діагностика піометри частіше базується на клінічних ознаках тому, що лабораторні методи діагностики не достатньо обґрунтовані. Дослідження проводились на кафедрі хірургії Сумського національного аграрного університету та в центрі ветеринарної медицини «Хелс» міста Суми. У роботі викладені матеріали власних досліджень авторів щодо визначення морфологічного складу крові та біохімічних показників у здорових тварин та кішок за піометри. Дослідження проводили до і після проведення терапії. Визначали діагноз загальноклінічними методами результати яких підтверджували лабораторними та спеціальними методами досліджень. Для консервативного лікування кішок за піометри використовували комбінацію препаратів алізін 10 мг/кг та галапан 0,001–0,002 мг/кг в поєднанні з кобактаном. Під час морфологічного дослідження крові визначали такі показники: кількість еритроцитів, концентрацію гемоглобіну, кількість лейкоцитів, лімфоцитів, швидкість осідання еритроцитів (ШОЕ), лейкограму. Біохімічні дослідження крові проводили фотометричним способом на біохімічному аналізаторі-напівавтоматі StatFax 1804. Загальний білок, сечовину, креатинін, АЛТ, АСТ, діастазу, йодну пробу, глюкозу визначали за загальноприйнятою методикою. У статті описані зміни морфологічного складу крові в різні періоди прояву піометри. Встановлено, що підвищення рівня лейкоцитів не є обов’язковою ознакою при піометрі, а навпаки, при розвитку патологічного процесу рівень лейкоцитів знижується. Виражений лейкоцитоз (21,6 ± 1,12 Г/л) спостерігався лише в перші доби прояву піометри. Аналіз даних проведеного нами дослідження показало, що у кішок за піометри, на відміну від здорових самок, відбувається збільшення показників сечовини, креатиніну, АЛТ і АСТ, діастази. Йодна проба позитивна і спостерігається явище гіперглікемії. Консервативне лікування тварин за піометри сприяло зниженню лейкоцитозу, ШОЕ, нормалізації кількості паличкоядерних, сегментоядерних нейтрофілів, моноцитів та лімфоцитів. Після терапії кішок за піометри показники креатиніну, сечовини, АЛТ, АСТ, діастази та глюкози поступово нормалізувались.
Асоціативний перебіг капіляріозу гусей на території Полтавської області
Authors: Yevstafyeva V.A. , Yeresko V.I. 
Published: June 2018

Гусівництво є однією із перспективних і динамічних галузей в Україні та в ряді країн світу. Критерієм забезпечення ефективності цієї галузі є епізоотичне благополуччя господарств щодо інвазійних захворювань, особливо найбільш поширених з них – гельмінтозів травного каналу птиці. Всебічне вивчення перебігу гельмінтозних інвазій, які здебільшого викликаються певною асоціацією паразитів, є важливим для встановлення паразитичної ситуації у регіоні, що є фундаментальною основою для розробки ефективних заходів з боротьби та профілактики гельмінтозів гусей. Метою роботи було вивчити видовий склад гельмінтів у гусей на території Полтавської області (Україна), які є співчленами нематод роду Capillaria за асоціативного їх перебігу. Результатами досліджень встановлено, що капіляріоз гусей є поширеною нематодозною інвазією на території Полтавської області, де показник екстенсивності інвазії сягав 57,79%, а фауна представлена двома видами Capillaria obsignata та C. anseris (Madsen, 1945). Визначено, що капіляріозна інвазія у 72,61% перебігає у складі мікстінвазій травного каналу птиці. Співчленами капілярій є нематоди Аmidostomum anseris (Zeder, 1800), Trichostrongilus tenuis (Mehlis, 1846), Heterakis gallinarum (Schrank, 1788), Heterakis dispar (Schrank, 1790) та цестоди Drepanidotaenia lanceolata (Bloch, 1782) і Tschertkovilepis setigera (Froehlich, 1789), які перебігають у вигляді від дво- до семикомпонентних асоціативних інвазій. В умовах господарств Полтавської області всього виділено 40 різновидів мікстінвазій, де нематоди роду Capillaria в гусей найчастіше реєструються у комбінації з двома (42,29%) і трьома (28,00%) видами гельмінтів. Рідше діагностували чотирьох – (17,14%), п’яти – (9,71%), шести – (1,72%) та семикомпонентні (1,14%) асоціації гельмінтів. Основними співчленами капілярій в організмі птиці виявилися нематоди А. anseris (54,30%) та H. dispar (38,28%). Отримані дані щодо асоціативного перебігу капіляріозу в гусей та фауни співчленів нематод роду Capillaria дозволить підвищити ефективність лікувальних та профілактичних заходів в результаті підбору високоефективних антигельмінтних препаратів.
Etiological structure of bacteriosis of animals in the Dnipropetrovsk region for 2014–2016
Authors: Glebenyuk V.V. , Borovik I.V. , Kuchuk T.V. , Litvinenko O.O. 
Published: June 2018

The epizootic situation with regard to some infectious diseases in the Dnipropetrovsk region remains as complicated and strained. Timely and accurate diagnosis determines the effectiveness of the realized preventive measures of infectious diseases and establishes the peculiarities and changes of the epizootic situation in certain areas. The laboratory examinations, including the bacteriological method, have the crucial importance for the correct assessment of prevention and antiepizootic measures. Objective of this review: was to determine the etiological structure of infectious diseases in the Dnipropetrovsk region for 2014–2016, based on the results of bacteriological examinations. As the material for the examinations were the data of the veterinary reports of the State district veterinary medicine laboratories of the Dnipropetrovsk region and the results of our own examinations conducted on the basis of the Dnipropetrovsk Regional State Laboratory of the Veterinary Medicine (DRSLVM). As of 2014 year, in the Dnipropetrovsk region, the live-stock capita in all categories of farms was: horned cattle – 130.527, small cattle – 44.739, pigs – 520.801, horses – 1,781, poultries – 15,342,087, including chickens – 14.816.157, waterfowl – 525.930. During 2014–2016 by means of laboratories of veterinary medicine in the Dnipropetrovsk region have been conducted 18,474 examinations on the infectious diseases of the animals. 142 positive results were received in total. According to the results of the bacteriological examinations in the Dnipropetrovsk region, for the years 2014–2016 were registered diplococcosis, malignant edema, pasteurellosis, colibacteriosis, salmonellosis, pullorosis, staphylococcosis, streptococcosis and swine erysipelas, poultry pseudomonosis, aeromonosis of fish, parafoul brood (caused by Bacillus paraalvei) and proteose of bees. 4,472 examinations were conducted on colibacteriosis and 78 positive results were obtained. 21 cultures were obtained from the pigs, from poultries – 44 cultures, from embryos – 6 cultures, from small cattle – 3 cultures, from fur animals – 2 cultures, from dogs – 2 cultures. Cultures of Escherichia coli, isolated from pigs are represented by the serological variants: O139, O26, O9, O78, O1, O8 and atypical variants, and from poultries – O115, O119, O78, O15, O86, K88 AB and atypical variants. For salmonella, 7,578 examinations were conducted and 16 positive results were obtained. Among the diseases of bees, laboratory tests have been recorded parafoul brood and proteose of bees. Conclusion: сausative agents of 13 infectious animal diseases have been identified in the Dnipropetrovsk region by means of bacteriological investigations. Most commonly isolated pathogens of intestinal infections (colibacteriosis and salmonellosis).