bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimizing interfacial electronic coupling with metal oxide to activate inert polyaniline for superior electrocatalytic hydrogen generation
Authors: Huang Zhen‐Feng , Song Jiajia , Du Yonghua , Dou Shuo , Sun Libo , Chen Wei , Yuan Kaidi , Dai Zhengfei , Wang Xin 
Published: September 2019

AbstractTuning and optimization of electronic structures and related reaction energetics are critical toward the rational design of efficient electrocatalysts. Herein, experimental and theoretical calculation demonstrate the originally inert N site within polyaniline (PANI) can be activated for hydrogen evolution by proper d‐π interfacial electronic coupling with metal oxide. As a result, the as‐synthesized WO3 assemblies@PANI via a facile redox‐induced assembly and in situ polymerization, exhibits the electrocatalytic production of hydrogen better than other control samples including W18O49@PANI and most of the reported nobel‐metal‐free electrocatalysts, with low overpotential of 74 mV at 10 mA·cm−2 and small Tafel slope of 46 mV·dec−1 in 0.5M H2SO4 (comparable to commercial Pt/C). The general efficacy of this methodology is also validated by extension to other metal oxides such as MoO3 with similar improvements.
Lewis Base/Brønsted Acid Co‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Thiolation of Alkenes with Acid‐Controlled Divergent Regioselectivity
Authors: Luo Hui‐Yun , Dong Jia‐Wei , Xie Yu‐Yang , Song Xu‐Feng , Zhu Deng , Ding Tongmei , Liu Yuanyuan , Chen Zhi‐Min 
Published: September 2019

AbstractA divergent strategy for the facile preparation of various enantioenriched phenylthio‐substituted lactones was developed based on Lewis base/Brønsted acid co‐catalyzed thiolation of homoallylic acids. The acid‐controlled regiodivergent cyclization (6‐endo vs. 5‐exo) and acid‐mediated stereoselective rearrangement of phenylthio‐substituted lactones were explored. Experimental and computational studies were performed to clarify the origins of the regioselectivity and enantioselectivity. The calculation results suggest that C−O and C−S bond formation might occur simultaneously, without formation of a commonly supposed catalyst‐coordinated thiiranium ion intermediate and the potential π–π stacking between substrate and SPh as an important factor in the enantio‐determining step. Finally, this methodology was applied in the rapid syntheses of the bioactive natural products (+)‐ricciocarpin A and (R)‐dodecan‐4‐olide.
Modified carbon nitride as an efficient adsorbent for ammonia nitrogen with low concentration
Authors: Sun Hui , Wang Wenzhong , Wang Kefu , Zhang Ling 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe adverse effects of excessive ammonia on aquatic ecosystem have provoked the development of efficient methods for its removal. Here, we present a thermal copolymerization of melamine and sodium hydrogen carbonate and successfully introduce oxygen groups into the structure of g‐C3N4, which is applied to low‐concentration ammonia removal. Oxygen groups are introduced into g‐C3N4 and increase its surface electron negativity. When the initial concentration of ammonia nitrogen is 18.74 mg L−1, the lowest concentration of it after adsorption is 1.43 mg L−1, and the ammonia nitrogen removal efficiency is 92.3%. The main reason for our material high performance on adsorption ammonium may be ascribed to deprotonated carboxylic acid, which has the ability to adsorb positively charged ammonium ions.
Lipid transfer to high‐density lipoproteins in coronary artery disease patients with and without previous cerebrovascular ischemic events
Authors: Barbosa Carlos J.D.G. , Maranhão Raul C. , Barreiros Renata S. , Freitas Fatima R. , Franci André , Strunz Célia M.C. , Arantes Flávia B.B. , Tavoni Thauany M. , Ramires José A.F. , Kalil Filho Roberto , Nicolau José C. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundPatients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and previous ischemic cerebrovascular events (ICVE, ischemic stroke, or transitory ischemic attack) constitute a high‐risk subgroup for cardiovascular outcomes. High‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C) levels are correlated with cardiovascular events. Lipid transfer to HDL affects structure size and HDL subclass profile. Impairment of this transfer could influence ischemic risk seen in patients with CAD + ICVE. The objective was to evaluate the HDL ability to receive the lipids in patients with CAD with or without ICVE.MethodsPatients with CAD + ICVE (n = 60) and patients with CAD only (n = 60) were matched by age, sex, acute coronary syndromes (ACS) event type, and time elapsed between the ACS event and inclusion in the study. Lipid transfer to HDL was evaluated by incubating donor lipid nanoparticles labeled with radioactive unesterified cholesterol (UC) and esterified cholesterol (EC), phospholipid (PL), and triglyceride (TG) with whole plasma. After the chemical precipitation of non‐HDL fractions and nanoparticles, the supernatant was counted for HDL radioactivity.ResultsCAD + ICVE group presented with impaired lipid transfer to HDL for PL (CAD + ICVE: 21.14 ± 2.7% vs CAD: 21.67 ± 3.1%, P = .03), TG (CAD + ICVE: 4.88 ± 0.97% vs CAD: 5.63 ± 0.92%, P = .002), and UC (CAD + ICVE: 5.55 ± 1.19% vs CAD: 6.16 ± 1.14%, P = .009). Lipid transfer to HDL was similar in both groups for EC. Adjusted models showed similar results.ConclusionPatients with CAD and ICVE have reduced lipid transfer to HDL compared to those with CAD only. Dysfunctional HDL may account for the higher incidence of ischemic outcomes observed in this population.
The influence of television on the food habits of schoolchildren and its association with dental caries
Authors: Silva Regina de Nazaré Marreiros Tavares , Duarte Danilo Antonio , de Oliveira Arlete Maria Gomes 
Published: September 2019

AbstractObjectivesThe consumption of food with a high‐sugar content is encouraged by the food industry through television (TV) aimed at children and may be associated with dental caries. This study aims to evaluate the influence of TV on the food habits of schoolchildren aged years and its association with dental caries.Material and methodsThis was an observational, epidemiological, and cross‐sectional study. Five neighborhoods of Belem District were selected, and then two schools from each neighborhood were drawn (one private and one public). All sixth and seventh grade students were selected. Data were extracted from questionnaires completed by schoolchildren and their parents and the decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT/dmft) indices of the schoolchildren. The indices were carried out by three examiners previously calibrated (κ > .80). Logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate the association of variables of study with consumption of cariogenic foods and occurrence of dental caries. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated.ResultsSchoolchildren who watched TV for >90 min were more likely to consume cariogenic foods (OR = 2.38; 95% CI [1.57, 3.60]) and have a DMFT + dmft >1 (OR = 2.10; 95% CI [1.37, 3.26]). Those who consumed cariogenic foods while watching TV were more likely to have DMFT + dmft >1 (OR = 14.75; 95% CI [8.24, 6.40]). Parents who bought foods they saw on TV contributed to a higher consumption of cariogenic foods (OR = 3.29; 95% CI [2.07, 5.24]) and DMFT + dmft >1 (OR = 3.93; 95% CI [2.09, 7.37]) among their children.ConclusionsTV can influence the eating habits of schoolchildren aged 10 to 12 and the food purchases of their parents, stimulating the consumption of cariogenic foods and contributing to the development of dental caries.
Evaluation of Polyphenols in Wine by Voltammetric Techniques with Screen Printed Carbon Electrodes
Authors: Rocha Pedro , Vilas‐Boas Ângela , Fontes Natacha , Geraldo Dulce , Bento Fátima 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe electrochemical oxidation processes that occur during a voltammetric assay in wine samples lead to the formation of species that obstructs the surface and reduce their active area. This effect is critical for screen printed carbon electrodes (SPCE) and leads to abnormal low values of the total polyphenols content of wines, ca. 72 % lower than those obtained with glassy carbon electrodes. This effect was examined using 10 red and Port wine samples. Mechanical polishing and electrochemical‐based treatments for the removal of this fouling layer were tested. The best results were obtained by electrochemical activation in at a constant potential of 1.2 V during 100 s Na2CO3 saturated solution, and by polishing.The success of some of these treatments brings an added value to SPCE, as it opens the possibility of their reuse in the wine analysis. This outcome is particularly relevant for quality control where a huge number of analysis is performed and the reduction of cost may dictates the choice of the analytical method.
A Photoelectrochemical Biosensor Fabricated using Hierarchically Structured Gold Nanoparticle and MoS2 on Tannic Acid Templated Mesoporous TiO2
Authors: Çakıroğlu Bekir , Özacar Mahmut 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIn a tannic acid assisted synthesis of mesoporous TiO2, tannic acid was used as a cost effective and non‐toxic template for pore formation. Meanwhile, a gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) deposited TiO2 nanocomposite was coated on an indium tin oxide electrode for the fabrication of a photoelectrochemical (PEC) biosensing system. Upon the formation of anatase structure, the electrode was coated with MoS2 for effective visible light absorption. The mesoporous structure led to an enhanced surface area by improving Au NPs and glucose oxidase adsorption. Incorporation of Au NPs led to an enhanced photonic efficiency due to the generation of Schottky barriers. The obtained nanocomposite was used for the light‐driven, real‐time, and selective PEC glucose sensing. Under visible light irradiation, the enzyme immobilized electrodes yielded significant photocurrent improvement owing to the releasing electron donor H2O2. The obtained PEC biosensor demonstrated acceptable reproducibility and stability with a sensitivity of 4.42 μA mM−1 cm−2 and a low detection limit of 1.2 μM glucose. Also, the linear measurement range was found to be 0.004–1.75 mM glucose. The results indicated that the proposed production method of mesoporous TiO2 will pave the way for a green chemistry based porous material production, along with the extension of the implementation of semiconductors in PEC biosensing systems.
Pattern Recognition of Sweeteners in Biological Fluids, Beverages, and Ketchup using Stochastic Sensors
Authors: Stefan‐van Staden Raluca‐Ioana , Moscalu‐Lungu Alexandrina , van Staden Jacobus Frederick 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThree stochastic sensors based on nanodiamond (nDP) paste modified with α, β, and γ‐cyclodextrin were designed and characterized for pattern recognition of aspartame, acesulfame K and sodium cyclamate in beverages, ketchup, and biological fluids. The linear concentration ranges obtained for acesulfame K (between 1.00×10−10 mol L−1and 1.00×10−3 mol L−1), for aspartame (between 1.00×10−12 mol L−1 and 1.00×10−3 mol L−1) and for sodium cyclamate (between 4.97×10−12 mol L−1 and 4.97×10−3 mol L−1) allow their assay in biological fluids, beverages and ketchup. The lowest limits of quantification were obtained using the stochastic sensor based on γ‐CD/nDP: for acesulfame K 1.00×10−10 mol L−1, for aspartame 1.00×10−12 mol L−1 and for sodium cyclamate 4.97×10−12 mol L−1. All three stochastic sensors revealed very high values of sensitivities. The proposed method was reliable for qualitative and quantitative assay of aspartame, acesulfame K and sodium cyclamate in beverages, ketchup, and in biological fluids such as urine.
Weakly symmetric stress equilibration for hyperelastic material models
Authors: Bertrand Fleurianne , Moldenhauer Marcel , Starke Gerhard 
Published: September 2019

AbstractA stress equilibration procedure for hyperelastic material models is proposed and analyzed in this paper. Based on the displacement‐pressure approximation computed with a stable finite element pair, it constructs, in a vertex‐patch‐wise manner, an H(div)‐conforming approximation to the first Piola‐Kirchhoff stress. This is done in such a way that its associated Cauchy stress is weakly symmetric in the sense that its antisymmetric part is zero tested against continuous piecewise linear functions. Our main result is the identification of the subspace of test functions perpendicular to the range of the local equilibration system on each patch which turn out to be rigid body modes associated with the current configuration. Momentum balance properties are investigated analytically and numerically and the resulting stress reconstruction is shown to provide improved results for surface traction forces by computational experiments.
Green Synthesis of 8‐Hydroxyquinoline Barium as Visible‐Light‐Excited Luminescent Material Using Mechanochemical Activation Method
Authors: Liu Junchen , Zhong Xueming , Xu Yuna , Li Yanrong 
Published: September 2019

AbstractUsing high‐energy UV‐light to excite 8‐hydroxyquinoline barium (BaQ2) is a short slab for this emerging area of organic luminescent materials. However, using visible light to excite BaQ2 has not been reported. To solve this problem, this study proposes the mechanochemical activation method to synthesize luminescent material of visible‐light‐excited BaQ2. This research applies infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction (XRD), X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, and fluorescence spectrometry to analyze the structure and luminescence properties. XRD shows that BaQ2 has a high crystallinity, small crystalline size, and high purity. According to the Scherrer equation, the mean particle size is 56 nm. The results of fluorescence spectrometry show that the excitation spectrum of the product is red‐shifted, and the maximum excitation wavelength is 408 nm. According to these results, the product has a high fluorescence and can be excited under visible light. This research explains the high efficiency of the mechanochemical‐activation method by thermodynamic and dynamic principles. This research also exemplifies luminescence theory of BaQ2 and at the microlevel explains the theory of visible‐light‐excited theory and the principle of luminescent intensity enhancement from the point of crystallography.
Factors associated with employment discontinuation among older and working age survivors of oropharyngeal cancer
Authors: Check Devon K. , Hutcheson Katherine A. , Poisson Laila M. , Pocobelli Gaia , Sakoda Lori C. , Zaveri Jhankruti , Chang Steven S. , Chubak Jessica 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundOropharyngeal cancer survivors experience difficulty returning to work after treatment. To better understand specific barriers to returning to work, we investigated factors associated with discontinuing employment among older and working‐age survivors.MethodsThe sample included 675 oropharyngeal cancer survivors (median: 6 years posttreatment) diagnosed from 2000 to 2013 and employed at diagnosis. Relative risk models were constructed to examine the independent associations of demographic and health factors, and symptom experiences per the MD Anderson Symptom Inventory ‐ Head and Neck Module (MDASI‐HN) with posttreatment employment, overall and by age (<60 years vs ≥60 years at survey).ResultsSymptom interference was not statistically significantly associated with posttreatment employment status among respondents ≥60 years. Among working‐age respondents <60 years, symptom interference was strongly associated with posttreatment employment.ConclusionsEfforts to assess and lessen symptom burden in working‐age survivors should be evaluated as approaches to support regaining core functions needed for continued employment.
Liver Transplantation in Unauthorized Immigrants in the United States
Authors: Lee Brian P. , Terrault Norah A. 
Published: September 2019

Background and Aims
Eleven million unauthorized immigrants reside in the United States and may account for 3% of deceased organ donors. Recently introduced federal and state legislation propose to address access to organ transplantation among unauthorized immigrants. The national landscape of liver transplantation (LT) for unauthorized immigrants is unknown.

Approach and Results
We included all US LT recipients between March 2012 and December 2018 who were linked to Pew Center of Research data to estimate the population of unauthorized immigrants in each US state and by country of origin, based on US Census data. We categorized patients as unauthorized immigrants versus US citizens/residents. The main outcome measures were (1) the proportion of LTs performed for unauthorized immigrants compared with the proportion of unauthorized immigrants among total population in each US state and (2) graft failure and death post‐LT. Of 43,192 LT recipients, 43,026 (99.6%) were US citizens/residents and 166 (0.4%) were unauthorized immigrants. Among unauthorized immigrants, most LTs were performed in California (47%) and New York (18%). The absolute difference in proportion of LTs performed for unauthorized immigrants compared with the proportion of unauthorized immigrants among the total population differed among states, ranging from +20% in California to −12% in Texas. The most common countries of birth among LT recipients who were unauthorized immigrants were Mexico (52%), Guatemala (7%), China (6%), El Salvador (5%), and India (5%). In competing risk analysis, unauthorized immigration status (vs. US citizens/residents) was associated with a similar risk of graft failure (subdistribution hazard ratio [sHR] 0.74; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.40‐1.34; P = 0.38) and death (sHR 0.68; 95% CI, 0.36‐1.29; P = 0.23).

Conclusions
LT for unauthorized immigrants is rare, and disparities in access to LT by state are present. Patient and graft survival among unauthorized immigrants is comparable with citizens/residents.
Role of mixed nanofluids on fluid flow and intensify energy transfer in a boundary layer region driven by a free convective force
Authors: Ammani Kuttan B. , Manjunatha S. , Jayanthi S. , Gireesha B. J. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThis research study explores boundary layer flow and intensification of heat transfer through a porous medium accompanied by buoyant forces with the support of appended mixed nanofluids. The generated partial differentiation model is altered to a couple of the highly complicated nonlinear differentiation model by support of the similarity conversion. The resultant model is then resolved by the shooting method for finding the initial approximation and thereafter the Runge‐Kutta‐Fehlberg 45th‐order method is used to get the desired result. The energy transfer and the flow of mixed nanofluids are analyzed by considering vital factors, like convection, porous and volume fraction. The acquired results fairly agree with erstwhile published articles. The major finding is that for greater values of the volume fraction, both fluid flow and energy transfer of a mixed nanofluid will be greater when compared with a regular nanofluid.
Hesperidin suppressed hepatic precancerous lesions via modulation of exophagy in rats
Authors: Hasanin Amany H. , Matboli Marwa , Seleem Hanan S. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe enormous cost of modern medicines warrants alternative strategies for the better management of hepatocellular carcinoma. Recently, exosomes have been shown to relay the oncogenic information through the horizontal transfer of RNAs between the cells. In this study, we modulated exosomal production and autophagy (exophagy) by the administration of hesperidin and evaluated its effect on the development of hepatic precancerous lesion (HPC) in rats. Diethylnitrosamine and 2‐acetylaminofluorene were used in vivo to induce HPC in rats. Rats were allocated into five groups: naïve, HPC, and three hesperidin treated (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg/d; orally) for 4 consecutive days per week for 16 weeks. Liver tissues and blood samples were collected for histopathological, immunohistochemical, and transmission electron microscope examinations, liver function, alfa‐fetoprotein level, and isolation of exosomal and autophagy RNAs. Hesperidin administration showed hepato‐protective effects and improved the microscopic hepatic features with a decrease in glutathione S‐transferase placental precancerous foci and the abundance of exosomes in liver tissues. Hesperidin improved liver function with a significant decrease in alfa‐fetoprotein levels. Hesperidin dose‐dependently decreased exosomal RAB11A messsenger RNA and long noncoding RNA‐RP11‐583F2.2 along with the increase in exosomal miR‐1298, involved in the exophagy process. In conclusion, hesperidin likely suppresses liver carcinogenesis in rat model via the modulation of exosomal secretion and autophagy.
Lung tissue extracellular matrix‐derived hydrogels protect against radiation‐induced lung injury by suppressing epithelial–mesenchymal transition
Authors: Zhou Jing , Wu Pengfei , Sun Hongyu , Zhou Hong , Zhang Yaolei , Xiao Zhenliang 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThis study aimed to examine whether lung tissue extracellular matrix (ECM) hydrogels have protective effects on radiation‐induced lung injury (RILI). The cytocompatibility and histocompatibility were tested for the obtained ECM‐derived hydrogel. Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups (n = 18): control group (control); rats receiving irradiation and intratracheal injection of normal saline (IR + NS); and rats receiving irradiation and intratracheal injection of lung ECM‐derived hydrogel (IR + ECM). The wet/dry weight ratio was used to evaluate the congestion and edema of the lungs. Histopathological analysis of lung tissues was performed using hemotoxylin and eosin staining and Masson's trichrome staining. Immunohistochemical staining and western blot analyses were carried out to determine the expression of epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT)‐related proteins in lung tissues (E‐cadherin, α‐smooth muscle actin [α‐SMA], and vimentin). In addition, tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), transforming growth factor‐β1 (TGF‐β1) and interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), hydroxyproline, malondialdehyde (MDA), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels were also evaluated. The ECM‐derived hydrogels had good cytocompatibility and histocompatibility. ECM‐derived hydrogel treatment improved lung histopathology injury and pulmonary edema. Higher expression of E‐cadherin and lower expression of vimentin and α‐SMA were found in the IR + ECM group compared with those in the IR + NS group. Hydroxyproline levels were reduced by ECM‐derived hydrogel treatment compared with those in the IR + NS group. Obvious increases of TNF‐α, IL‐6, and TGF‐β1 were identified following irradiation. Marked reductions in MDA content and increases in SOD were induced by ECM‐derived hydrogel treatment in rats after radiation. ECM‐derived hydrogels were shown to protect against RILI, potentially by reducing EMT, inflammation, and oxidative damage.