bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A flattening oxygen consumption trajectory phenotypes disease severity and poor prognosis in patients with heart failure with reduced, mid‐range, and preserved ejection fraction
Authors: Popovic Dejana , Arena Ross , Guazzi Marco 
Published: February 2018

BackgroundIn heart failure (HF), a flattening oxygen consumption (VO2) trajectory during cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) reflects an acutely compromised cardiac output. We hypothesized that a flattening VO2 trajectory is helpful in phenotyping disease severity and prognosis in HF with either reduced (HFrEF), mid‐range (HFmrEF), or preserved (HFpEF) ejection fraction.Methods and resultsOverall, 319 HF patients (198 HFrEF, 80 HFmrEF, and 41 HFpEF) underwent CPET. A flattening VO2 trajectory was tracked and defined as an inflection of VO2 linearity as a function of work rate with a second slope downward inflection >35% extent of the first one. Peak VO2, the minute ventilation/carbon dioxide production (VE/VCO2) slope, and the presence of exercise oscillatory ventilation (EOV) were also determined. Pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) and tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) were measured by echocardiography. A flattening VO2 occurred in 92 patients (28.8%). PASP and TAPSE at rest were significantly higher and lower (P < 0.001), respectively. The primary outcome was the combination of all‐cause death, heart transplantation and left ventricular assist device implantation. The secondary outcome was the primary outcome plus hospitalization for cardiac reasons. In the multivariate model including peak VO2, VE/VCO2 slope, EOV and VO2 trajectory, a flattening VO2 trajectory and EOV were retained in the regression for primary (X2 = 35.78, and 36.36, respectively; P < 0.001) and secondary (X2 = 12.45 and 47.91, respectively; P < 0.001) outcomes.ConclusionsResults point to a flattening VO2 trajectory as a likely new and strong predictor of events in HF with any ejection fraction. Given the relation of right‐sided cardiac dysfunction to pulmonary hypertension, this oxygen pattern might suggest a real‐time decrease in pulmonary blood flow to the left heart.
Retracted: Comparative study of cyto‐ and genotoxic potential with mechanistic insights of tungsten oxide nano‐ and microparticles in lung carcinoma cells
Authors: Chinde Srinivas , Poornachandra Y. , Panyala Archana , Kumari Srinivas Indu , Yerramsetty Suresh , Adicherla Harikrishna , Grover Paramjit 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe exigency of semiconductor and super capacitor tungsten oxide nanoparticles (WO3 NPs) is increasing in various sectors. However, limited information on their toxicity and biological interactions are available. Hence, we explored the underlying mechanisms of toxicity induced by WO3 NPs and their microparticles (MPs) using different concentrations (0–300 μg ml–1) in human lung carcinoma (A549) cells. The mean size of WO3 NPs and MPs by transmission electron microscopy was 53.84 nm and 3.88 μm, respectively. WO3 NPs induced reduction in cell viability, membrane damage and the degree of induction was size‐ and dose‐dependent. There was a significant increase in the percentage tail DNA and micronuclei formation at 200 and 300 μg ml–1 after 24 hours of exposure. The DNA damage induced by WO3 NPs could be attributed to increased oxidative stress and inflammation through reactive oxygen species generation, which correlated with the depletion of reduced glutathione content, catalase and an increase in malondialdehyde levels. Cellular uptake studies unveiled that both the particles were attached/surrounded to the cell membrane according to their size. In addition, NP inhibited the progression of the cell cycle in the G2/M phase. Other studies such as caspase‐9 and ‐3 and Annexin‐V‐fluorescein isothiocyanate revealed that NPs induced intrinsic apoptotic cell death at 200 and 300 μg ml–1 concentrations. However, in comparison to NPs, WO3 MPs did not incite any toxic effects at the tested concentrations. Under these experimental conditions, the no‐observed‐significant‐effect level of WO3 NPs was determined to be ≤200 μg ml–1 in A549 cells.
Supereulerian bipartite digraphs
Authors: Zhang Xindong , Liu Juan , Wang Lan , Lai Hong‐Jian 
Published: February 2018

AbstractA digraph D is supereulerian if D has a spanning closed ditrail. Bang‐Jensen and Thomassé conjectured that if the arc‐strong connectivity of a digraph D is not less than the independence number , then D is supereulerian. A digraph is bipartite if its underlying graph is bipartite. Let be the size of a maximum matching of D. We prove that if D is a bipartite digraph satisfying , then D is supereulerian. Consequently, every bipartite digraph D satisfying is supereulerian. The bound of our main result is best possible.
Tight lower bounds on the matching number in a graph with given maximum degree
Authors: Henning Michael A. , Yeo Anders 
Published: February 2018

AbstractLet. We prove the following three bounds for the matching number,, of a graph,G, of ordernsizemand maximum degree at mostk.Ifkis odd, then.Ifkis even, then.Ifkis even, then.In this article, we actually prove a slight strengthening of the above for which the bounds are tight for essentially all densities of graphs.The above three bounds are in fact powerful enough to give a complete description of the setof pairsof real numbers with the following property. There exists a constantKsuch thatfor every connected graphGwith maximum degree at most k, wherenandmdenote the number of vertices and the number of edges, respectively, inG. We show thatis a convex set. Further, ifkis odd, thenis the intersection of two closed half‐spaces, and there is exactly one extreme point of, while ifkis even, thenis the intersection of three closed half‐spaces, and there are precisely two extreme points of.
Resonant broadband stimulated Raman scattering in myoglobin
Authors: Ferrante C. , Batignani G. , Fumero G. , Pontecorvo E. , Virga A. , Montemiglio L. C. , Cerullo G. , Vos M. H. , Scopigno T. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractSpontaneous Raman is a well‐established tool to probe molecular vibrations. Under resonant conditions, it is a largely used method for characterizing the structure of heme‐proteins. In recent years, advances in pulsed laser sources allowed to explore vibrational features with complex techniques based on nonlinear optical interactions, among which is stimulated Raman scattering (SRS). Building on its combined spectral–temporal resolutions and high chemical sensitivities, SRS has been largely applied as a probe for ultrafast, time‐resolved studies, as well as an imaging technique in biological systems. By using a frequency tunable, narrowband pump pulse jointly with a femtosecond white light continuum to initiate the SRS process, here we measure the Raman spectrum of a prototypical heme‐protein, namely deoxy myoglobin, under two different electronic resonances. The SRS results are compared with the spontaneous Raman spectra, and the relative advantages, such as the capability of our experimental approach to provide an accurate mapping of Raman excitation profiles, are discussed.
Cover Image, Volume 98, Issue 4
Authors: Xie Fan , Wang Shaoyun , Zhang Li , Wu Jinhong , Wang Zhengwu 
Published: February 2018

The cover image, by Fan Xie et al., is based on the Research Article Investigating inhibitory activity of novel synthetic sericin peptide on α‐d‐glucosidase: kinetics and interaction mechanism study using a docking simulation, DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.8620.
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The impact of lignin downregulation on alfalfa yield, chemical composition, and in vitro gas production
Authors: Getachew Girma , Laca Emilio A , Putnam Daniel H , Witte Dave , McCaslin Mark , Ortega Kara P , DePeters Edward J 
Published: February 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDLignin is a complex, phenolic polymer found in plant cell walls that is essential for mechanical support, water and mineral transport, and defense in vascular plants. Over ten different enzymes play a role in the synthesis of lignin in plants. Suppression of any one enzyme or combinations of these enzymes may change the concentration and composition of lignin in the genetically transformed plants. Two lines of alfalfa that were downregulated for caffeoyl coenzyme A O‐methyltransferase were used to assess the impact of lignin downregulation on chemical composition and fermentation rate and extent using an in vitro gas production technique. A total of 64 samples consisting of two reduced lignin (RL) and two controls (CL), four field replicates, two cutting intervals (CIs; 28 and 35 days), and two cuts (Cut‐1 and Cut‐3) were used.RESULTSNo differences were detected in yield, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber (aNDF), and acid detergent fiber between the lines when harvested at the 28‐day CI. The acid detergent lignin (ADL) concentration in RL alfalfa lines was significantly (P < 0.001) lower than in the CL. In alfalfa harvested at the 35‐day CI, the RL alfalfa resulted in lower (P < 0.001) yield than CL. RL alfalfa lines had 24% and 22% lower (P < 0.001) ADL in Cut‐1 and Cut‐3 respectively than CL lines. The in vitro dry matter digestibility and aNDF digestibility (both as determined by the near‐infrared reflectance method) were greater (P < 0.001) in RL than in CL lines harvested at the 35‐day CI. In alfalfa harvested at the 35‐day CI, extent of in vitro gas production and metabolizable energy content were greater in RL than in CL alfalfa. RL lines had 3.8% indigestible aNDF per unit ADL, whereas CL had 3.4% (P < 0.01). The positive effect of lignin downregulation was more pronounced when intervals between harvests were longer (35‐day CI compared with the 28‐day CI).CONCLUSIONLignin downregulation in alfalfa offers an opportunity to extend harvesting time (CI) for higher yield without compromising the nutritional quality of the alfalfa forage for dairy and livestock feeding. However, the in vitro results reported here warrant further study using in vivo methods. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Postmetastasis survival in high‐grade extremity osteosarcoma: A retrospective analysis of prognostic factors in 126 patients
Authors: Kim Wanlim , Han Ilkyu , Lee Jong S. , Cho Hwan S. , Park Jong W. , Kim Han‐Soo 
Published: February 2018

Background and ObjectivesPrognostic factors predictive of postmetastasis survival (PMS) in metastatic osteosarcoma are poorly understood. Our aims were to evaluate PMS in patients with high‐grade osteosarcoma in extremities, and to identify prognostic factors related to PMS.MethodsA retrospective review of data for 126 patients with metastatic osteosarcoma was conducted. The study population consisted of 70 men and 56 women, with a mean age of 21 years (range: 4‐75 years). The mean postmetastasis follow‐up period was 37 months (range: 1‐245 months).ResultsThe 5‐year PMS rate was 31% and median PMS duration was 22 months. In the multivariate analyses, no metastasectomy (P < 0.001), local recurrence prior to metastasis (P = 0.016), extrapulmonary metastasis (P = 0.006), and poor histologic response to preoperative chemotherapy (P = 0.047) were significant poor prognostic factors. The 5‐year PMS without any negative prognostic factor was 60.2%; with one factor, 31.6%; and with more than two factors, 3.6%.ConclusionsPMS in osteosarcoma patients was influenced by primary tumor‐related factors such as histologic response to chemotherapy, as well as metastasis‐related factors such as complete metastasectomy and metastasis site. A certain group of patients without such poor prognostic factors could be cured even after the development of metastasis.
Pre‐operative core muscle index in combination with hypoalbuminemia is associated with poor prognosis in advanced ovarian cancer
Authors: Conrad Lesley B. , Awdeh Haitham , Acosta‐Torres Stefany , Conrad Steven A. , Bailey April A. , Miller David S. , Lea Jayanthi S. 
Published: February 2018

Background and ObjectivesAge and frailty have been correlated with poor clinical outcomes in cancer. Core muscle index (CMI) and nutritional status are integral in assessing frailty. We explored the effect of pre‐operative serum albumin and body composition on clinical outcomes in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC).MethodsWe identified stage III‐IV EOC patients undergoing primary cytoreductive surgery from 2007 to 2015. Data were abstracted from medical records. Body composition measurements were obtained from pre‐operative imaging. Psoas muscle cross‐sectional area was normalized to height2 to determine CMI. Sarcopenia was defined as CMI below the population mean. The influence of sarcopenia on short‐term morbidity was evaluated. Relationships among body composition measurements and albumin were assessed with Spearman correlations. Patient characteristics and body composition measurements between patients with and without sarcopenia were compared with parametric and non‐parametric statistical methods. Kaplan‐Meier survival curves were compared using log‐rank.Results102 women met inclusion criteria. Sarcopenia correlated with albumin (P = 0.0002). Sarcopenia was not associated with short‐term morbidity or time to recurrence. Sarcopenia was associated with nearly a fourfold increased risk of death when hypoalbuminemia was present (P = 0.02).ConclusionsPre‐operative sarcopenia in combination with hypoalbuminemia was associated with significantly worse survival.
Olfactory epithelium: Cells, clinical disorders, and insights from an adult stem cell niche
Authors: Choi Rhea , Goldstein Bradley J. 
Published: February 2018

Disorders causing a loss of the sense of smell remain a therapeutic challenge. Basic research has, however, greatly expanded our knowledge of the organization and function of the olfactory system. This review describes advances in our understanding of the cellular components of the peripheral olfactory system, specifically the olfactory epithelium in the nose. The article discusses recent findings regarding the mechanisms involved in regeneration and cellular renewal from basal stem cells in the adult olfactory epithelium, considering the strategies involved in embryonic olfactory development and insights from research on other stem cell niches. In the context of clinical conditions causing anosmia, the current view of adult olfactory neurogenesis, tissue homeostasis, and failures in these processes is considered, along with current and future treatment strategies.Level of EvidenceNA
Large but variable methane production in anoxic freshwater sediment upon addition of allochthonous and autochthonous organic matter
Authors: Grasset Charlotte , Mendonça Raquel , Villamor Saucedo Gabriella , Bastviken David , Roland Fabio , Sobek Sebastian 
Published: February 2018

AbstractAn important question in the context of climate change is to understand how CH4 production is regulated in anoxic sediments of lakes and reservoirs. The type of organic carbon (OC) present in lakes is a key factor controlling CH4 production at anoxic conditions, but the studies investigating the methanogenic potential of the main OC types are fragmented. We incubated different types of allochthonous OC (alloOC; terrestrial plant leaves) and autochthonous OC (autoOC; phytoplankton and two aquatic plants species) in an anoxic sediment during 130 d. We tested if (1) the supply of fresh alloOC and autoOC to an anoxic refractory sediment would fuel CH4 production and if (2) autoOC would decompose faster than alloOC. The addition of fresh OC greatly increased CH4 production and the δ13C‐CH4 partitioning indicated that CH4 originated exclusively from the fresh OC. The large CH4 production in an anoxic sediment fueled by alloOC is a new finding which indicates that all systems with anoxic conditions and high sedimentation rates have the potential to be CH4 emitters. The autoOC decomposed faster than alloOC, but the total CH4 production was not higher for all autoOC types, one aquatic plant species having values as low as the terrestrial leaves, and the other one having values as high as phytoplankton. Our study is the first to report such variability, suggesting that the extent to which C fixed by aquatic plants is emitted as greenhouse gases or buried as OC in sediment could more generally differ between aquatic vegetation types.
An electrically small antenna for nearfield biomedical applications
Authors: Patel Riki , Upadhyaya Trushit 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe size of electrically small antennas is quite lesser than wavelength, typically in range of λ/10 or lesser. These antennas offer vital application in space constraint environment such as small biomedical equipment or passive radio frequency identification applications. The antenna having size of 20 mm × 15 mm (0.16λ × 0.125λ) is proposed. Slots on the patch are engineered for target resonance and bandwidth enhancement. The antenna offers bandwidth in order of 7.6% and product ka in order of 0.62. The prototype is fabricated and measured results are presented, which are well suited for ISM band applications.
A novel sensor using VHF zigzag‐slotted leaky coaxial cable for intruder localization
Authors: Guan Qiao , Chen Chongchong , He Chuanxia 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe sensors used in the field of traditional security warfare are often constrained by environmental factors such as weather, light and terrain. In order to solve this problem, a new perimeter intrusion detection system sensor is urgently needed. Based on the theory of the array antenna, leaky coaxial cable (LCX) with periodic zigzag‐slotted outer conductor is designed, its coupling loss is simulated by the software Ansoft HFSS. For evaluating the coupling loss of the LCX comprehensively, the LCX is simulated and measured in four directions, the measured results of coupling loss are 64.1 dB, 62.6 dB, 64.3 dB, 57.2 dB in rotary, horizontal, vertical, and radial direction, respectively. With the research on LCX wireless sensing techniques, a novel LCX sensor is designed and a new approach of localization is put forward. When the intruder enters into the surveillance, the proposed LCX sensor can achieve to detect and locate the intruder by emitting the LFM pulse signal whose working frequency is in VHF, pulse compression is used to improve the detection performance of the intrusion detection system (IDS). The positioning accuracy of the IDS is within 0.8 m, and the range distance is 6.64 m.
A circularly polarized wideband high gain patch antenna for wireless power transfer
Authors: Di Carlo C. A. , Di Donato L. , Mauro G. S. , La Rosa R. , Livreri P. , Sorbello G. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThis article deals with a microstrip patch antenna working at 868 MHz, suitable for the radio frequency wireless power transfer and energy harvesting applications. The proposed monolithic antenna is compact, lightweight and it is printed on a thick substrate in order to maximize the total gain in the broadside direction. The antenna radiates at 868 MHz with a fractional impedance bandwidth of 5% and it shows a gain of 4.14 dB.
Miniaturization of segmented loop antenna by reducing the number of segments and adding stubs
Authors: Kang Do‐Gu , Lee Hojoo , Choi Jaehoon 
Published: February 2018

AbstractA wideband low‐profile miniaturized segmented loop antenna is proposed in this letter. The antenna consists of a segmented loop comprising 4 segments with stubs, a shorting strip, and a patch element. The antenna is miniaturized by reducing the number of segments and by adding stubs. At 956 MHz, the antenna has an improved impedance matching by using the shorting strip, and an omnidirectional radiation due to coupling between the overlapping areas of the segments placed on the top and bottom of the substrate. In the high frequency band, the antenna has a wide −10 dB reflection coefficient bandwidth covering 3700 MHz WiMAX, 5200 MHz WLAN, and 5800 MHz WLAN with a quasi‐omnidirectional radiation characteristic.
Dielectric resonator based circularly polarized MIMO antenna with polarization diversity
Authors: Das Gourab , Sharma Anand , Gangwar Ravi Kumar 
Published: February 2018

AbstractIn this article, a dual sense dual port circularly polarized cylindrical dielectric resonator antenna (CDRA) is discussed for multiple input multiple output (MIMO) applications. Three exclusive features of the proposed radiator are (i) modified circule‐shaped aperture generates circular polarization for both the ports; (ii) proposed structure can generate left‐hand circular polarization (LHCP) and right‐hand circular polarization (RHCP) that depends on feed port selection; (iii) by introducing the concept of polarization diversity (LHCP/RHCP) and defected ground structure (DGS) between the two radiator, isolation is improved. A prototype of proposed radiator is fabricated and experimentally tested to authenticate the simulated results. The fractional impedance bandwidth for port 1 and port 2 is 15.1% and 14.9%, respectively. Within the targeted operating band, the isolation is better than −25 dB between the ports. Different diversity performance parameters are also calculated and they are also lie within their optimum limit. The proposed MIMO antenna is suitable for WLAN (5.5/5.8 GHz) applications.
Permittivity sensing and measurement with novel split ball resonator using E‐field perturbation technique
Authors: Hayat Touseef , Ejaz Tahir , Naveed Muhammad , Zaidi Tahir , Rahman Hamood‐Ur‐ 
Published: February 2018

AbstractA method of designing low‐loss split‐ball resonator (SBR) for permittivity sensing and measurement at microwave frequencies using resonant perturbation technique is being presented. SBR geometry strengthens electric field in the capacitive region by confining greater resonant energy in the split. Enhanced sensitivity by virtue of potent electric field enabled us to sense and measure permittivity of common polar solvents (methanol and ethanol). Comparative analysis, eigenmode simulations, and empirical measurements exhibited improved sensitivity of SBR. The solution of Maxwell equations for boundary conditions before and after material perturbation produce expressions, which lead to permittivity evaluation.
Placement of optical phase conjugation in WDM systems to suppress FWM
Authors: Kaur Jaspreet , Singh Hardeep 
Published: February 2018

AbstractIn this work, a suppression method of Four wave mixing (FWM) is proposed using optical phase conjugation (OPC) and different placements of OPCs are also investigated. Moreover, comparison of the placements of OPC in two different cases has been done and compared with conventional wavelength division multiplexing system in terms of Q factor, bit error rate (BER), and induced FWM. Analysis has been done at different link lengths, launched powers levels, and laser line widths. It is observed that placement of OPC after laser source performs exceptionally well and suppresses FWM with ease of maintenance.
A simple penta‐band circularly polarized cpw‐fed monopole‐patch antenna covering six commercial application bands
Authors: Tuan Le Tu , Tran Huy Hung , Park Hyun Chang 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThis letter presents a very simple coplanar waveguide (CPW)‐fed penta‐band circularly polarized (CP) antenna for 1.6 GHz GPS, 3.45 GHz WiMAX, 2.45/5.3/5.8 GHz WLAN and 4.2 GHz radio altimeter applications. The antenna is composed of a monopole, a semi‐circular patch, and a slit etched in the ground plane. The final design with an overall size of 70 × 53 × 1.52 mm3 has yielded measured 3 dB axial‐ratio (AR) bandwidths of 9.7% (1.48‐1.63 GHz), 37.3% (2.38‐3.47 GHz), 5.1% (4.21‐4.43 GHz), 3.0% (5.25‐5.41 GHz), and 3.3% (5.69‐5.88 GHz). Measured −10 dB impedance bandwidths of the proposed antenna are 109.3% (1.31‐4.47 GHz) and 28.5% (5.05‐6.73 GHz) which fully cover all the AR bands.