bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A standard procedure for lentiviral‐mediated labeling of murine mesenchymal stromal cells in vitro
Authors: Lupan Ana‐Mihaela , Preda Mihai Bogdan , Burlacu Alexandrina 
Published: May 2019

AbstractTracking of stem cells after transplantation is effectively performed in vivo with imaging systems, assuming the cells are adequately labeled to facilitate their recognition. This study aimed to optimize a protocol for fluorescent labeling of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) in vitro, by using a third‐generation lentiviral system. Basically, 293T cells are seeded in high‐glucose Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium with 10% FBS one day before transfection. Transfection is done for 24 h using a mix of transfer, packaging, regulatory, and envelope plasmids, in molar ratio of 4:2:1:1, respectively. After transfection, the cells are further cultured for two days. During this period, the viral medium is harvested two times, at 24‐h intervals, with the first round being stored at 4°C until the second round is completed. The pooled viral medium is frozen in single‐use aliquots. MSCs are transduced with 25 multiplicity of infection (MOI) and one day later the cells are passaged at standard seeding density and further grown for three days, when the fluorescence reach the maximum level. Our protocol provides particular experimental details for permanent MSC labeling that makes the procedure highly effective for therapeutic purposes, without affecting the functional properties of stem cells.
Response misclassification in studies on bilateral diseases
Authors: Günther Felix , Brandl Caroline , Heid Iris M. , Küchenhoff Helmut 
Published: May 2019

AbstractMisclassification in binary outcomes can severely bias effect estimates of regression models when the models are naively applied to error‐prone data. Here, we discuss response misclassification in studies on the special class of bilateral diseases. Such diseases can affect neither, one, or both entities of a paired organ, for example, the eyes or ears. If measurements are available on both organ entities, disease occurrence in a person is often defined as disease occurrence in at least one entity. In this setting, there are two reasons for response misclassification: (a) ignorance of missing disease assessment in one of the two entities and (b) error‐prone disease assessment in the single entities. We investigate the consequences of ignoring both types of response misclassification and present an approach to adjust the bias from misclassification by optimizing an adequate likelihood function. The inherent modelling assumptions and problems in case of entity‐specific misclassification are discussed. This work was motivated by studies on age‐related macular degeneration (AMD), a disease that can occur separately in each eye of a person. We illustrate and discuss the proposed analysis approach based on real‐world data of a study on AMD and simulated data.
Relationship between self‐worrying and self‐critical messages in clients with generalised anxiety engaging in emotion‐focused worry dialogues
Authors: Toolan Rochelle , Devereux Megan , Timulak Ladislav , Keogh Daragh 
Published: May 2019

AbstractEmotion‐focused therapy (EFT) has recently been adapted as a treatment for generalised anxiety disorder (GAD). One intervention used in this adaptation is a worry dialogue, in which the client enacts worry in one chair (“worrier”) and is facilitated to experience the impact of this worry in another chair (“experiencer”). Although not formally studied, anecdotal observations from therapists in the EFT for GAD treatment development study suggested that within worry dialogues there might be a link between client's self‐worrying and self‐critical messages. This study used data from 47 worry dialogues from fourteen study clients who received EFT for GAD. An observation based qualitative analysis of clients' self‐directed messages as present in in‐session worry dialogues was conducted using video/audio recordings of relevant sessions. Results indicate a relationship between self‐worrying and self‐critical messages. A total of 90 paired self‐worry and self‐critic messages across the 47 worry dialogues were logged. Six recurring clusters of themes/relationships were observed: (a) I need to be prepared for future negative events because… I'm weak and a failure; (b) I need to stop worrying… I'm flawed for being a worrier; (c) People will negatively judge me if I engage with them… because I'm not good enough; (d) If I don't worry, there will be negative consequences… and I will be responsible and will be unable to bear it; (e) I worry/ruminate that I cause(d) some damage… because I'm incompetent; and, (f) I must always be prepared against others taking advantage of me… because I'm weak. Given the observed close link between self‐critical and worry processes, it is important that therapists differentiate between these processes and remember to address both in therapy for GAD.
A Comprehensive View on (−)‐7‐Oxo‐ent‐kaur‐16‐en‐19‐oic Acid, the Major Constituent of Xylopia sericea Leaves Extract: Complete NMR Assignments, X‐Ray Crystallographic Structure, in Vitro Antimalarial Activity and Cytotoxicity
Authors: Costa Gontijo Douglas , Fernanda Alves do Nascimento Maria , Borgati Tatiane Freitas , Speziali Nivaldo Lúcio , Dias de Souza Filho José , Braga de Oliveira Alaíde 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBioguided fractionation of Xylopia sericea antiplasmodial dichloromethane leaves extract led to the isolation of (−)‐7‐oxo‐ent‐kaur‐16‐en‐19‐oic acid (C20H28O3) that was identified by a combination of 1D and 2D NMR experiments (COSY, HMBC, HSQC, HSQC‐TOCSY, HSQC‐NOESY and NOESY) and by X‐ray crystallography. A feature to be pointed out is its (4R) configuration that was inferred from the NOE experiments (HSQC‐NOESY and NOESY) and X‐ray crystallography. In vitro evaluation of this rare diterpene acid against the chloroquine‐resistant strain Plasmodium falciparum W2 by the PfLDH method showed it disclosed a low antiplasmodial activity and was not cytotoxic to HepG2 cells (CC50 862.6±6.7 μm) by the MTT assay. The unequivocal NMR signals assignments, the X‐ray crystallographic structure, the assessment to the bioactivities and the occurrence this diterpene in X. sericea are reported here for the first time.
Cover Picture: Electrochemical Oxidative Csp3—H/S—H Cross‐Coupling with Hydrogen Evolution for Synthesis of Tetrasubstituted Olefins (Chin. J. Chem. 6/2019)
Authors: Lu Fangling , Yang Zengzhuan , Wang Tao , Wang Tianhao , Zhang Yuying , Yuan Yong , Lei Aiwen 
Published: May 2019

The inside cover picture shows an electrochemical oxidative Csp3‐H/S‐H activation with hydrogen evolution for the synthesis of tetrasubstituted olefins. This method features very high atom economy, besides hydrogen gas, under the base‐free, transition met‐al‐free, and oxidants‐free conditions, no other by‐products were generated. More details are discussed in the article by Lei et al. on page 547–551.
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Ligand Effect on the Stability of Water‐Soluble Iridium Catalysts for High‐Pressure Hydrogen Gas Production by Dehydrogenation of Formic Acid
Authors: Iguchi Masayuki , Onishi Naoya , Himeda Yuichiro , Kawanami Hajime 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe front cover artwork is provided by researchers from National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) in Japan. The image shows the ligand effect on catalyst activity for the formic acid dehydrogenation and a durability of Cp*Ir complex under high‐pressure conditions. Read the full text of the Communication at 10.1002/cphc.201900137.
Interface Electronic Coupling in Hierarchical FeLDH(FeCo)/Co(OH)2 Arrays for Efficient Electrocatalytic Oxygen Evolution
Authors: Kong Fanhao , Zhang Wenwen , Sun Liping , Huo Lihua , Zhao Hui 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe oxygen evolution reaction (OER) with sluggish kinetics is the key half‐cell reaction for several sustainable energy systems, such as electrochemical water splitting, fuel cells, and rechargeable metal–air batteries. Two‐dimensional transition‐metal hydroxides have good prospects for the OER. Herein, 2D hierarchical FeLDH(FeCo)/Co(OH)2 (LDH=layered double hydroxide) arrays were fabricated by growing 2D‐ZIF‐67 (ZIF=zeolitic imidazolate framework) on carbon cloth, transformation of 2D‐ZIF‐67 into Co(OH)2, and electrodeposition of FeLDH(FeCo) on Co(OH)2 at ambient temperature. The optimized hierarchical catalyst exhibits high OER activity that requires a small overpotential of only 242 mV to drive 10 mA cm−2 (279 mV for 100 mA cm−2) and prolonged durability for 100 h at 20 mA cm−2 in 1 m KOH. The FeLDH(FeCo)/Co(OH)2 interfaces are observed to be the electrocatalytically active centers for the OER. The interfaces contribute to accelerating the OER kinetics owing to fast transfer of intermediate oxygen species. Furthermore, the FeCo alloy promotes electron transfer among the newly formed interfaces related to CoOOH in the OER process, which leads to improved durability. This work gives insight into the design and synthesis of hierarchical bimetallic hydroxide arrays with high OER activity and durability, as well as understanding of the origin of the OER promotion by metals and metal hydroxides.
B cell‐intrinsic MyD88 signaling controls IFN‐γ‐mediated early IgG2c class switching in mice in response to a particulate adjuvant
Authors: Lee Michelle Sue Jann , Natsume‐Kitatani Yayoi , Temizoz Burcu , Fujita Yukiko , Konishi Aki , Matsuda Kyoko , Igari Yoshikatsu , Tsukui Toshihiro , Kobiyama Kouji , Kuroda Etsushi , Onishi Motoyasu , Marichal Thomas , Ise Wataru , Inoue Takeshi , Kurosaki Tomohiro , Mizuguchi Kenji , Akira Shizuo , Ishii Ken J , Coban Cevayir 
Published: May 2019

AbstractAdjuvants improve the potency of vaccines, but the modes of action (MOAs) of most adjuvants are largely unknown. TLR‐dependent and ‐independent innate immune signaling through the adaptor molecule MyD88 has been shown to be pivotal to the effects of most adjuvants; however, MyD88's involvement in the TLR‐independent MOAs of adjuvants is poorly understood. Here, using the T‐dependent antigen NIPOVA and a unique particulate adjuvant called synthetic hemozoin (sHZ), we show that MyD88 is required for early GC formation and enhanced antibody class‐switch recombination (CSR) in mice. Using cell‐type‐specific MyD88 KO mice, we found that IgG2c class switching, but not IgG1 class switching, was controlled by B cell‐intrinsic MyD88 signaling. Notably, IFN‐γ produced by various cells including T cells, NK cells, and dendritic cells was the primary cytokine for IgG2c CSR and B‐cell intrinsic MyD88 is required for IFN‐γ production. Moreover, IFN‐γ receptor (IFNγR) deficiency abolished sHZ‐induced IgG2c production, while recombinant IFN‐γ administration successfully rescued IgG2c CSR impairment in mice lacking B‐cell intrinsic MyD88. Together, our results show that B cell‐intrinsic MyD88 signaling is involved in the MOA of certain particulate adjuvants and this may enhance our specific understanding of how adjuvants and vaccines work.
Gel electrophoresis in combination with laser ablation–inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry to quantify the interaction of cisplatin with human serum albumin
Authors: Sullivan Matthew P. , Morrow Stuart J. , Goldstone David C. , Hartinger Christian G. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractCisplatin and its second and third generation analogues are widely used in the treatment of cancer. To study their reactions with proteins, we present a method based on SDS‐PAGE separation and laser ablation–inductively coupled plasma‐mass spectrometry (LA–ICP‐MS) for platinum detection in the reaction between human serum albumin (HSA) and cisplatin. We developed matrix‐matched standards of HSA/cisplatin mixtures and used them to quantify the amount of adducts formed at different HSA:cisplatin ratios. We noted that cisplatin incubation with HSA resulted in the formation of higher order HSA n‐mers, depending on the amount of cisplatin added. This caused a depletion of the HSA dimer bands, while the majority of HSA was present as the monomer. Inducing the formation of such higher molecular weight species may have an impact on the mode of action of metallodrugs.
High‐order curvilinear mesh generation technique based on an improved radius basic function approach
Authors: Zhao Zhong , Li Ming , He Lei , Shao Shuai , Zhang Laiping 
Published: May 2019

SummaryA high‐order curvilinear hybrid mesh generation technique is developed for high‐order numerical method (eg, discontinuous Galerkin method) applications to improve the accuracy for problems with curve boundary. The grid generation technique is based on an improved radius basic function (RBF) approach by which the straight‐edge mesh is converted into high‐order curve mesh. Firstly, an initial straight‐edge mesh is prepared by traditional grid generation software. Then, high‐order interpolation points are inserted into the mesh entities such as edges, faces, and cells according to the final demand of mesh order. To preserve the original geometry, the inserted points on solid wall are then projected onto the CAD model using an open source tool “Open Cascade.” Finally, other inserted points in the field near the solid wall are moved to appropriate positions by the improved RBF approach to avoid tangled cells. If we use the original RBF approach, then the inserted points on the edge and face entities normal to the solid boundary in the region of boundary layer will move to improper positions. To overcome this problem, a weighting based on the local grid aspect ratio between normal direction and tangential direction is introduced into the baseline RBF approach. Three typical configurations are tested to validate the mesh generator. Meanwhile, a third‐order solution of subsonic flow over an analytical 3D body of revolution in the second International Workshop on High‐Order CFD Methods is supplied by a discontinuous Galerkin solver. These numerical tests demonstrate the potential capability of present technique for high‐order simulations of complex geometries.
Prognostic impact of tumor growth velocity in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma treated by radiotherapy: A pilot study
Authors: Delahaut Gilles , Témam Stéphane , Ambroise Jérôme , Tao Yungan , Janot Francois , Van der Vorst Sébastien 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackgroundWhen a patient is seen with a newly diagnosed oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma, it remains unclear to the treating physicians how fast the tumor growth rate is.MethodsFrom patients with oropharynx squamous cell carcinoma treated by radiotherapy, the investigators selected comparable diagnostic CT‐scan (DiCT) and radiotherapy planning CT‐scan (RtCT). Tumor and pathological lymph node volumes were measured in order to calculate tumor progression.ResultsFrom the selection of 19 patients, the mean absolute tumor progression rate was 0.23 ± 0.2 cm3/d and mean relative progression rate was 1.84 ± 1.64%/d. Mean tumor doubling time is 286 days (range 7‐1282 days), demonstrating a wide range of tumor growth pattern. Significant tumor progression (>20%) between DiCT and RtCT was shown in 73% of patients, and 53% of the patients were seen a tumor progression of >50% within a mean waiting time of 42.1 days. Kaplan‐Meier curves showed a non‐significative link between fast progression tumors (>1%/d) and higher risk of recurrence (HR: 2.2; P = .23).ConclusionsTumor progression can be assessed based on DiCT and RtCT. Treatment delay should be avoided at all cost. Different growth patterns were evidenced. For the fast‐growing tumors subgroup, pejorative clinical outcomes were suggested. Prospective studies are needed to confirm a link between fast‐growing tumors and higher risk for recurrence.
Mapping the postgraduate year one pharmacy accreditation standards to the core entrustable professional activities
Authors: Moon Jean Y. , Lounsbery Jody L. , Schweiss Sarah K. , Pittenger Amy L. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractIntroductionPostgraduate year one (PGY1) pharmacy residency is a common training path for pharmacy graduates. As the American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy (AACP) have published the Core Entrustable Professional Activities (EPAs) as a standard for new pharmacy graduates, mapping these competencies to the American Society of Health‐System Pharmacists (ASHP) PGY1 pharmacy residency standards may allow for progression tracking.MethodsUsing group consensus, the guidance documents from the ASHP PGY1 pharmacy residency standards and the AACP Core EPAs for new pharmacy graduates were compared and mapped.ResultsThe ASHP PGY1 pharmacy residency standards included one additional tier (ie, goals) when evaluating structural levels compared with the AACP Core EPAs. All of the 15 AACP Core EPAs mapped to at least one ASHP educational objective. In addition, all of the ASHP educational objectives mapped to the Core EPAs except for one objective in Patient Care and four in the Leadership and Management competency areas.DiscussionWith only a slight difference in structure and a small gap between ASHP education objectives and AACP EPAs, tracking of progression from new pharmacy graduate to postgraduate pharmacy resident may be possible. Greater consensus around leveling and general use with EPAs will provide further insight.
Recent developments in polyetherimide membrane for gas separation
Authors: Alqaheem Yousef , Alomair Abdulaziz 
Published: May 2019

AbstractPolyetherimide (PEI) is an extraordinary type of polyimide with excellent thermal and mechanical properties. The polymer is also gas permeable and is considered one of the best membranes for gas separation. Despite the high selectivity, PEI suffers from low permeability due to the trade‐off between phenomena in polymers. To overcome this limitation, fillers are added during the membrane preparation to create voids for better gas transport. In this paper, permeability and selectivity data of PEI membranes for the separation of oxygen, carbon dioxide, and helium are discussed. The paper also summarizes the reported studies for adding fillers to improve the membrane performance.
Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling to Evaluate Formulation Factors Influencing Bioequivalence of Metoprolol Extended‐Release Products
Authors: Basu Sumit , Yang Haitao , Fang Lanyan , Gonzalez‐Sales Mario , Zhao Liang , Trame Mirjam N. , Lesko Lawrence , Schmidt Stephan 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe University of Florida Center for Pharmacometrics and Systems Pharmacology and the Food and Drug Administration Office of Generic Drugs have collaborated on a research project to develop a mechanism‐ and risk‐based strategy that systematically investigates postmarketing reports of therapeutic inequivalence following the switch between brand and generic drug products. In this study we developed and qualified a physiologically based pharmacokinetic model to systematically investigate the influence of drug‐ and formulation‐related properties on the oral absorption and bioequivalence of modified‐release products using metoprolol as an example. Our findings show that the properties of the release‐controlling polymer are the critical attributes for in vitro dissolution, in vivo absorption, and systemic exposure (ie, pharmacokinetics) and, thus, the bioequivalence of metoprolol extended‐release products rather than the properties of the drug itself. Differences in dissolution rate can result in significant differences in maximum plasma concentration but not in area under the concentration‐time curve.
Enhanced low‐temperature activity for CO2 methanation over NiMgAl/SiC composite catalysts
Authors: Wang Yujiang , Xu Yang , Liu Qiankun , Sun Jinwei , Ji Shengfu , Wang Zhou‐jun 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackgroundCarbon dioxide (CO2) methanation is an important reaction in energy and environmental fields, which aims to convert CO2 into natural gas with hydrogen (H2) from renewable sources. One of the technical bottlenecks for CO2 methanation is the lack of feasible catalysts, especially the ones with satisfactory low‐temperature activity.ResultsThe NiMgAl/SiC composite catalyst that was derived from hydrotalcite precursor on the SiC substrate possessed enhanced low‐temperature activity and excellent long‐term stability in CO2 methanation. For the low‐temperature activity, CO2 conversion reached 63.8% and 74.5% at 300 and 325 °C respectively. For the long‐term stability, CO2 conversion merely decreased from 78.4% to 76.9% after 50 h of reaction at 400 °C.ConclusionThe NiMgAl/SiC composite catalyst was successfully synthesized by the co‐precipitation method, which exhibited enhanced low‐temperature methanation activity compared with the NiMgAl and Ni/SiC catalysts. The superior low‐temperature activity was mainly ascribed to two structural parameters. One was the small nickel (Ni) nanoparticle size, which was endowed by the unique structure of the hydrotalcite precursor. The other one was the high reducibility of Ni species, which was rendered by the appropriate metal‐support interactions. The present work provides guidelines for the synthesis of highly efficient composite catalysts for energy and environmental applications. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Efficacy of using trimethoprim‐sulfamethoxazole prophylaxis in an adult patient with autoimmune neutropenia
Authors: Azuma Naoto , Sekiguchi Masahiro , Matsunaga Hitomi , Sano Hajime , Matsui Kiyoshi 
Published: May 2019

AbstractA 63‐year‐old man was admitted for pneumonia with neutropenia. After the pneumonia resolved with administration of antibiotics and granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor, he was diagnosed with autoimmune neutropenia (AIN) on the basis of bone marrow findings and positive antineutrophil antibodies. He had recurring high fever once or twice a month with productive cough and an elevated serum C‐reactive protein level. However, after the initiation of treatment with oral trimethoprim‐sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX), the respiratory tract infection no longer recurred. The standard management for adults with AIN has not been established. In our case, the recurrent infection was resolved with TMP/SMX prophylaxis. Thus, TMP/SMX prophylaxis may be beneficial for managing adults with AIN.
Leptin in the regulation of the immunometabolism of adipose tissue-macrophages
Authors: Monteiro Lauar , Pereira Jéssica Aparecida da Silva , Palhinha Lohanna , Moraes-Vieira Pedro Manoel M 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Obesity is a pandemic disease affecting around 15% of the global population. Obesity is a major risk factor for other conditions, such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. The adipose tissue is the main secretor of leptin, an adipokine responsible for the regulation of food intake and energy expenditure. Obese individuals become hyperleptinemic due to increased adipogenesis. Leptin acts through the leptin receptor and induces several immunometabolic changes in different cell types, including adipocytes and Mϕs. Adipose tissue resident Mϕs (ATMs) are the largest leukocyte population in the adipose tissue and these ATMs are in constant contact with the excessive leptin levels secreted in obese conditions. Leptin activates both the JAK2-STAT3 and the PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathways. The activation of these pathways leads to intracellular metabolic changes, with increased glucose uptake, upregulation of glycolytic enzymes, and disruption of mitochondrial function, as well as immunologic alterations, such as increased phagocytic activity and proinflammatory cytokines secretion. Here, we discuss the immunometabolic effects of leptin in Mϕs and how hyperleptinemia can contribute to the low-grade systemic inflammation in obesity.