bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bifurcation phenomena of natural convection in horizontal annulus under self-induced circular magnetic fields
Authors: Oh Jin Ho , Park Il Seouk 
Published: June 2019

Purpose
In general, the bifurcation phenomenon of the natural convection has largely been studied. But the bifurcation of natural convection under magnetic conditions has not been studied as per the authors’ knowledge. This paper aims to investigate the changes in bifurcation phenomenon by the self-induced circular magnetic field.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors numerically solved the natural convection in an annulus. The SIMPLE algorithm was adopted for pressure-momenturm coupling. The Boussinesq approximation was used for numerical modeling of natural convection. Finally, the Lorentz force effect by the magnetic field was considered through the source terms in the momentum conservation equation.

Findings
It was determined that the heat-transfer rate changes by 17% owing to the applied magnetic effect, and the range of the Rayleigh number for flow bifurcation is changed by the magnetic effect. Moreover, under the strong magnetic condition, the flow bifurcation continues even at very high Ra. Previously, flow bifurcation has been understood as a flow instability phenomena, and the Lorentz force was regarded as a flow-damping effect; however, in this study, it was found that the magnetic field can boost the flow instability and induce flow bifurcation even in the Rayleigh number region where the bifurcation does not appear.

Originality/value
This paper is dealing with the bifurcation phenomenon in MHD natural convection problems. In the past, the electromagnetic forces were regarded as always acting to damp out the existing flows; herewith, the authors first investigated that the magnetic effect can boost the bifurcation of a kind of flow instability phenomenon.
Examination of connectivist theory in English language learning
Authors: Sozudogru Oytun , Altinay Mehmet , Dagli Gokmen , Altinay Zehra , Altinay Fahriye 
Published: June 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the role of technology and online communication platforms in English language learning based on connectivist theory.

Design/methodology/approach
Questionnaire and checklist were used to examine the role of online communication tools in the learning process. The data analysis was done with SPSS.

Findings
Results showed that being involved in collaborative learning and dialogue increases connectivist knowledge, reflection and negotiation. Online communication tools can be used as an effective supplementary material for learning.

Research limitations/implications
The limitation of this paper is that the number of participants was limited to 27.

Practical implications
This paper gives insights on the use of language and technology integration.

Social implications
New way of learning and language learning become essential for the pedagogy and learner in the higher education.

Originality/value
The paper is original in its research context and gives a value to contribute new way of learning based on approach.
Revealed preferences among NBA fans: Is skin tone a factor?
Authors: Belasen Ariel R. , Belasen Alan T. 
Published: June 2019

Purpose
Skin tone has been shown to impact the ability of darker-skinned athletes to maximize their earnings to potential earnings ratio. Additionally, studies of fan preference have found strong support for racial implications on team preference and ticket sales. The purpose of this paper is to test these theories empirically by examining the marginal impact of skin tone on top selling jerseys.

Design/methodology/approach
This study makes use of an ordered probit regression analysis to examine the impact of NBA players’ skin tone on their jersey sales after controlling for a number of other factors. Jersey sales are measured in rank order and skin tone is captured by measuring the level of pigmentation in player profile photos.

Findings
Overall, the study finds a significantly positive relationship between skin tone and jersey sale rankings. This runs contrary to the standard literature results that darker-skinned athletes are likely to earn less and attract fewer endorsements than their lighter-skinned counterparts. More specifically, the marginal impact of skin tone is comparable to the marginal impact of individual player statistics in determining how well a player’s jersey will sell.

Practical implications
If, in fact, fans are more likely to purchase jerseys from darker-skinned NBA players, it stands to reason that the standard business practice found in the literature of rewarding lighter-skinned players with higher salaries and better endorsement deals requires further investigation.

Originality/value
This study provides valuable information about athlete branding and offers insights to advertisers and sponsors seeking to align the strategy of branding athletes for increased jersey sales.
Detecting manager’s fraud risk using text analysis: evidence from Iran
Authors: Rahrovi Dastjerdi Alireza , Foroghi Daruosh , Kiani Gholam Hossain 
Published: June 2019

PurposeIn accounting and finance, researchers have used many ways to detect manager’s fraud risk. Until now, many researchers have used some data mining methods in these two fields to detect this risk. The purpose of this paper is to compare the precision of two data mining methods in detecting such a risk.Design/methodology/approachFor this purpose, this paper analyzed the texts of board’s reports and used two methods including the convex optimization (CVX) method and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression method. In this way, the words of these reports, which have the greatest power in explaining the manager’s high fraud risk index, were identified. Using these words, this paper presented a model that could detect manager’s high fraud risk index in companies.FindingsThe results indicated that both methods can detect the manager’s high fraud risk index with a precision between 82.55 and 91.25 percent. The LASSO method was significantly more precise than the CVX method.Research limitations/implicationsThe lack of access to an official and reliable list of firms suspected to fraud and the lack of access to the Microsoft Word (MS Word) file of board’s reports were two of the most important limitations of this study.Practical implicationsRegulatory bodies and independent auditors can consider the proposed methods in this study for assessing the fraud risk for a firm or other legal parties.Originality/valueThis paper avoided using merely financial statements data to detect the manager’s fraud risk index and focused on texts of board’s reports for the detection process. The capabilities of data mining and text mining methods for detecting the manager’s fraud risk index using board’s reports were tested in this paper. By comparing CVX and LASSO results, this paper indicated that methods with a binary-dependent variable have more power and are more precise than methods with continuous-dependent variables for detecting fraud.
Private-public interaction in public service innovation processes- business model challenges for a start-up EdTech firm
Authors: Mattsson Lars-Gunnar , Andersson Per 
Published: June 2019

PurposeContemporary public service innovations to an important degree are initiated and enabled by digitalization. Digitalization stimulates entry of new firms (start-ups) based on innovative implementation of digital technology for public services. The interwoven digitalization and innovation processes involve interaction and interdependencies between private business actors and public service providing actors. In this paper, the authors take the perspective of a start-up business actor that tries to develop and implement a viable business model in the very dynamic context of digital transformation of public education. The purpose of this paper is to analyze how the instability of a startup firm’s business model during public service innovation can be explained. The research question is: “How can business modeling by a start-up firm be explained by tensions between its business model and public service provision models?”Design/methodology/approachBased on an abductive logic, the authors choose a single-case study of a start-up firm’s development in 2010-2018 and its interaction with public actors. Information about the firm acquired in the first phase of the study showed that it frequently changed its business model. A general analytical framework was developed to aid in efforts to answer the research question.FindingsThe case showed that a business model could be seen as a temporary outcome of a business modeling process, and that also concurrently public actors change their public actors’ service provisioning models. Public-private interaction reveals tensions that drive business modeling.Originality/valueThe study contributes to empirical knowledge about private-public interaction in the dynamic and complex context in which digital transformation in society drives public service innovations. The conceptual contribution rests more generally in the analytical framework and how it frames public actor’s “service provision modeling” as a driver of business modeling.
Fairness of the NPD partnership’s financial distribution pie
Authors: Wölfel Joachim , Grosse-Ruyken Pan Theo 
Published: June 2019

PurposeIndustry practice shows that buyer-supplier partnerships are negatively influenced by zero-sum pie-sharing competition. Interfirm rivalryvis-à-visa fair financial distribution of the mutually generated partnership pie is a growing source of concern for firms because fairness has a direct effect on the competitiveness of a partnership. This study aims to examine the consequences of fairness in pie-sharing within buyer-supplier new product development (NPD) partnerships on product-innovation, product-quality and product-cost, as well as the mediating role of opportunism.Design/methodology/approachThe empirical analyses are grounded on data from 147 NPD partnerships between Tier-1 suppliers and automotive manufacturers, using structural equation modeling with SPSS AMOS.FindingsFindings indicate that pie-sharing fairness significantly influences the partnership’s ability to increase NPD effectiveness and efficiency. Moreover, unfairness in sharing the mutual pie showed to promote harmful opportunism, which negatively mediates the relationship between pie-sharing fairness and NPD performance. To control partners’ fairness perception in the first place, the analysis revealed three factors that affect pie-sharing fairness significantly, i.e. relationship induced financial performance, behavioral tension and interfirm dependency.Originality/valueExchange relationships are built on economic and social components, both of which can be combined within the construct of pie-sharing fairness. Firms must take an interest in their exchange partner’s equitable share of the mutually generated partnership pie, as pie-sharing fairness can be used to promote determinants of effectiveness and efficiency of their mutual NPD project. In a two-sided mutually contingent exchange behavior, the firm’s own welfare must be regarded as an interorganizational overlap with the partner’s, which can be optimized only by mutual efforts.
Antecedent factors of maternal identity among primiparous Thai teenage mothers
Authors: Panthumas Suphawadee , Kittipichai Wirin , Chamroonsawasdi Kanittha , Taechaboonsermsak Pimsurang 
Published: June 2019

Purpose
Maternal identity (MI) is the attainment of maternal role adaptation. Though the role of the motherhood is expected to be achieved, teenagers, who are still developing their personal identity, do not always clearly identify or align with their role of motherhood. The purpose of this paper is to determine the structural relationship among a set of variables, infant temperament (IT), strain (ST), social support (SS), self-esteem (SE) and balanced family functioning (BF) influencing MI and to test the model using the empirical data.

Design/methodology/approach
A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 353 primiparous Thai teenagers of infants aged 4–12 months. A self-administered questionnaire comprised six scales with Cronbach’s α coefficients ranging from 0.81 to 0.93. The structural equation modeling method was employed to test the validity of the model undertaken using Mplus Software.

Findings
The model fit the empirical data well (χ2/df=2.17, CFI=0.92, TLI=0.91, RMSEA=0.06, SRMR=0.05). The MI could explain 62 percent of the variance through its set of variables. Three antecedents, i.e. IT, ST and SS, had a direct effect while SE and BF had an indirect effect on MI. The IT had the highest total effect on the MI, while ST was a mediator among other study antecedences concerning the MI.

Originality/value
The model adequately fit the data among teenage mothers one-year postpartum. Promoting MI should strongly diminish strain and encourage positively perceived infant temperament, self-esteem, social support and balanced family functioning.
Intergenerational fitness effects of the early life environment in a wild rodent
Authors: Van Cann Joannes , Koskela Esa , Mappes Tapio , Sims Angela , Watts Phillip C. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

The early life environment can have profound, long‐lasting effects on an individual's fitness. For example, early life quality might (a) positively associate with fitness (a silver spoon effect), (b) stimulate a predictive adaptive response (by adjusting the phenotype to the quality of the environment to maximize fitness) or (c) be obscured by subsequent plasticity. Potentially, the effects of the early life environment can persist beyond one generation, though the intergenerational plasticity on fitness traits of a subsequent generation is unclear.

To study both intra‐ and intergenerational effects of the early life environment, we exposed a first generation of bank voles to two early life stimuli (variation in food and social environment) in a controlled environment. To assess possible intra‐generational effects, the reproductive success of female individuals was investigated by placing them in large outdoor enclosures in two different, ecologically relevant environments (population densities).

Resulting offspring were raised in the same population densities where they were conceived and their growth was recorded. When adult, half of the offspring were transferred to opposite population densities to evaluate their winter survival, a crucial fitness trait for bank voles.

Our setup allowed us to assess: (a) do early life population density cues elicit an intra‐generational adaptive response, that is a higher reproductive success when the density matches the early life cues and (b) can early life stimuli of one generation elicit an intergenerational adaptive response in their offspring, that is a higher growth and winter survival when the density matches the early life cues of their mother.

Our results show that the early life environment directly affects the phenotype and reproductive success of the focal generation, but adaptive responses are only evident in the offspring. Growth of the offspring is maintained only when the environment matches their mother's early life environment. Furthermore, winter survival of offspring also tended to be higher in high population densities if their mothers experienced an competitive early life. These results show that the early life environment can contribute to maintain high fitness in challenging environments, but not necessarily in the generation experiencing the early life cues.
Productivity and Policy in Higher Education
Authors: Moore Kenneth , Croucher Gwilym , Coates Hamish 
Published: June 2019

AbstractUnderstanding and improving the performance of public higher education institutions is a matter of growing interest to university and government leaders. To this end, this article surveys dimensions of recent approaches to productivity measurement in higher education, illustrating trends, limitations and developments, and exemplifies these with reference to Australian universities. The article closes by discussing policy considerations that would help augment the design of policy, making comment on the implications for performance‐incentivised funding of higher education.
Deaths Related to Tractor Accidents in Eskişehir, Turkey: A 25‐Year Analysis
Authors: Karbeyaz Kenan , Şimşek Ümit , Yilmaz Ali 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThis study aimed to analyze deaths related to tractor accidents in Eskişehir Province and characteristics of these cases to provide data and suggestions along with the literature. The cases involved individuals died due to tractor‐related accidents were retrospectively examined between 1992 and 2016 (25‐year period). Demographic data related to the cases and crime scenes, characteristics of events, and autopsy findings were evaluated. In the 25‐year period, 61 individuals (88.5% males, average age: 48.7 years) died due to tractor accidents in Eskişehir Province, and approximately 45.9% of these accidents most commonly involved tractor rollover. Deaths due to tractor accidents will be decreased by raising awareness among tractor drivers, preventing young individuals from driving tractors, not allowing individuals to drive without license, making mechanical and physical features of tractors suitable for agricultural activity to be performed, ensuring their safety for travel and use, and avoiding carrying passengers on tractors.
Psychiatric‐related Revisits to the Emergency Department Following Rapid Expansion of Community Mental Health Services
Authors: Singh Parvati , Chakravarthy Bharath , Yoon Jangho , Snowden Lonnie , Bruckner Tim A. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractObjectivesRepeat visits (revisits) to emergency departments (EDs) for psychiatric care reflect poor continuity of care and impose a high financial cost. We test whether rapid expansion of community health centers (CHCs)—which provide regional, low‐cost primary care—correspond with fewer repeat psychiatric‐related ED visits (PREDVs).MethodsWe obtained repeated cross‐sectional time‐series data for 7.8 million PREDVs from the State Emergency Department Database for four populous U.S. states (California, Florida, North Carolina, and New York) from 2006 to 2011. We specified as the outcome variable the count of repeat visits per ED visitor with a psychiatric diagnosis. We retrieved aggregate‐level mental health visits at CHCs from the Uniform Data System. Negative binomial regression methods controlled for individual‐level confounders, county health system and sociodemographic attributes, year fixed effects, and county fixed effects.ResultsThe risk of a repeat PREDV decreased with a county‐level increase in mental health patients seen at CHCs (incidence rate ratio = 0.986, 95% confidence interval = 0.98 to 0.99). Conversion of this rate ratio to the number of revisits averted indicated 34,000 fewer repeat PREDVs in these four states statistically associated with a 1% expansion in CHC mental health visits. Exploratory analyses found that revisits decline for relatively mild/moderate illnesses (e.g., mood, anxiety disorders) but not for severe illnesses (e.g., schizophrenia/psychoses).ConclusionAn increase in mental health services at CHCs corresponds with a modest decline in repeat PREDVs. This decline concentrates among those with less severe mental illnesses.
The worst drought in 50 years in a South African savannah: Limited impact on vegetation
Authors: Abbas Huyam A. , Bond William J. , Midgley Jeremy J. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractSouth Africa experienced a severe multiyear drought from 2014 to 2016. Here, we explore the response of a South African savannah ecosystem to this drought focusing on tree and grass dynamics. We used open long‐term monitoring plots established in 2000 and distributed across broad rainfall gradients in the Hluhluwe‐iMfolozi Park in KwaZulu‐Natal. Analysis showed negligible tree mortality due to drought in 2016 (0.03%) and 2017 (0.49%). However, there was an apparent increase in the tree population especially among the small size classes (0.1–0.3 m) in 2016 and 2017 relative to the predrought 2012 census. Drought effects may be confounded with changes in browser populations. The impala population declined in a mesic savannah (Hluhluwe), as measured with dung counts; however, this decline started before the drought. Impala decline in a semi‐arid savannah (iMfolozi) was more coincident with drought. Grass biomass and cover decreased in 2016 compared to predrought 2012 but showed rapid recovery once rains began. In iMfolozi grass species, composition improved from a grazing perspective as a result of the recovery of the decreaser species, an increase in palatable species and a marked decline of unpalatable species. The minor changes in woody plants and grasses from before the drought until rain resumed and the rapid recovery of grasses suggest that this South African savannah ecosystem was resilient to severe drought.
Self‐affirmation reduces the socioeconomic attainment gap in schools in England
Authors: Hadden Ian Robert , Easterbrook Matthew John , Nieuwenhuis Marlon , Fox Kerry Jane , Dolan Paul 
Published: June 2019

BackgroundStudies in the United States show that school students from some ethnic backgrounds are susceptible to stereotype threat, that this undermines their academic performance, and that a series of virtually zero‐cost self‐affirmation writing exercises can reduce these adverse effects. In England, however, socioeconomic status (SES) is a much stronger predictor of academic success than is ethnic background.AimsThis study investigates whether self‐affirmation writing exercises can help close the SES attainment gap in England by increasing the academic performance of low‐SES (but not higher‐SES) school students.SampleOur sample consisted of students aged 11–14 in a secondary school in southern England (N = 562); of these, 128 were eligible for free school meals, a proxy for low SES.MethodsStudents completed three short writing exercises throughout one academic year: those randomly assigned to an affirmed condition wrote about values that were important to them, and those assigned to a control condition wrote about a neutral topic.ResultsOn average, the low‐SES students had lower academic performance and reported experiencing more stereotype threat than their higher‐SES peers. The self‐affirmation raised the academic performance of the low‐SES students by 0.38 standard deviations but did not significantly affect the performance of the higher‐SES students, thus reducing the SES performance gap by 62%. The self‐affirmation also reduced the level of stress reported by the low‐SES students.ConclusionsThe benefits of this virtually zero‐cost intervention compare favourably with those of other interventions targeting the SES academic attainment gap.