bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cycling DOF factor mediated seasonal regulation of sexual reproduction and cold response is not conserved in Physcomitrium patens
Authors: Freidinger Alexander G. , Woodward Lauren A. , Bùi Jo Trang , Doty Gillian , Ruiz Shawn , Conant Erika , Hicks Karen A. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMany land plants have evolved such that the transition from vegetative to reproductive development is synchronized with environmental cues. Examples of reproduction in response to seasonal cues can be found in both vascular and nonvascular species; however, most of our understanding of the molecular events controlling this timing has been worked out in angiosperm model systems. While the organism‐level mechanisms of sexual reproduction vary dramatically between vascular and nonvascular plants, phylogenetic and transcriptomic evidence suggest paralogs in nonvascular plants may have conserved function with their vascular counterparts. Given that Physcomitrium patens undergoes sexual reproductive development in response to photoperiodic and cold temperature cues, it is well‐suited for studying evolutionarily conserved mechanisms of seasonal control of reproduction. Thus, we used publicly available microarray data to identify genes differentially expressed in response to temperature cues. We identified two CDF‐like (CDL) genes in the P. patens genome that are the most like the angiosperm Arabidopsis thaliana CDFs based on conservation of protein motifs and diurnal expression patterns. In angiosperms, DNA‐One Finger Transcription Factors (DOFs) play an important role in regulating photoperiodic flowering, regulating physiological changes in response to seasonal temperature changes, and mediating the cold stress response. We created knockout mutations and tested their impact on sexual reproduction and response to cold stress. Unexpectedly, the timing of sexual reproduction in the ppcdl‐double mutants did not differ significantly from wild type, suggesting that the PpCDLs are not necessary for seasonal regulation of this developmental transition. We also found that there was no change in expression of downstream cold‐regulated genes in response to cold stress and no change in freezing tolerance in the knockout mutant plants. Finally, we observed no interaction between PpCDLs and the partial homologs of FKF1, an A. thaliana repressor of CDFs. This is different from what is observed in angiosperms, which suggests that the functions of CDF proteins in angiosperms are not conserved in P. patens.
Preparation, Characterization, and In Vitro Osteogenic Properties of a Novel Glucose‐Sensitive 3D‐Printed Scaffold Containing Metformin Based on Enzymatic Cascade Reaction
Authors: Liu Junyu , Luo Dongmei , Fu Xinyu , Yang Tingting , Hou Ruxia , Li Peiwen , Chen Yurou , Zhang Xinyao , Sun Xunuo , Yue Yingge , Wang Xiangyu 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTRestoring alveolar bone defects in patients with diabetes poses a significant challenge in the treatment of oral disease. This study involved the fabrication of porous composite hydrogel scaffolds composed of photo‐crosslinked chitosan/nanohydroxyapatite via extruded 3D printing. Additionally, glucose oxidase (GOx) and catalase (CAT) were immobilized onto the composite scaffold through EDC/NHS covalent cross‐linking to develop a novel 3D‐printed glucose‐sensitive scaffold utilizing an enzyme cascade reaction. The 3D‐printed porous composite scaffolds had high drug encapsulation efficiency (91.94% ± 1.69%). After co‐immobilization of GOx and CAT on the scaffolds, the activity of GOx was increased due to the ability of CAT to scavenge H2O2, which is a by‐product of the glucose‐catalyzed reaction. The results showed that dual enzyme scaffolds with co‐immobilized GOx/CAT produced better swelling behavior than the single immobilized GOx enzyme scaffolds. Meanwhile, with the increase of glucose concentration, the release of Met also increased, indicating that the dual enzyme scaffolds possess favorable glucose sensitivity. Additionally, the dual enzyme‐immobilized 3D‐printed scaffolds facilitated cell adhesion and proliferation and exhibited good biocompatibility. Finally, in vitro cellular experiments revealed that the scaffolds effectively promoted MC3T3‐E1 osteogenic differentiation in a high‐glucose environment. This study demonstrates that novel glucose‐sensitive 3D‐printed composite hydrogel scaffolds based on enzymatic cascade reaction may provide a feasible new strategy to enhance diabetic alveolar bone repair.
A Signal Generation Fault Diagnosis Method for Planetary Reducer of High‐Pressure Grinding Roll
Authors: Chen Ronghua , Gu Yiliu , Qiu Guangqi , Wang Puzhou , Huang Peng , Wang Qi 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThis paper proposes a signal generation fault diagnosis method for the challenge of insufficient training samples in the planetary reducer of high‐pressure grinding roll (HPGR). The expression of the vibration response signal is derived, and a fault vibration signal model is established for the planetary reducer of HPGR. To generate the expanded samples, an adaptive fox optimization (AFO) algorithm is employed for optimizing the parameters of the fault vibration signal model, so that the simulated signal matches the measured signal. Before that, the measured vibration signal of the planetary reducer of HPGR is preprocessed by a tunable Q‐factor wavelet transform (TQWT). Finally, the residual convolution neural and long short‐term memory network with attention mechanism (ResCNN‐LSTM‐ATT) is utilized for feature extraction from collected signals, and the hierarchical fault classifier is developed for the fault classification. The experimental results show that the AFO algorithm has better performance, and the signals generated by the optimized fault vibration signal model are in good agreement with the measured signals. The classification accuracy of normal signals reaches 99.70%, which shows good diagnosis accuracy in both known fault classification and unknown fault identification. Compared to other methods, the proposed method has better diagnostic accuracy.
Rapid Identification of Chemical Constituents in New Compound Aloe Capsule Based on UPLC‐Q‐Orbitrap‐MS
Authors: Chen Siyue , Dou Yajie , Zhang Shumin , Qiu Huixin , Liu Huiru , Xu Yanyan , Shu Lexin , Li Yubo 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTRationaleThe chemical composition of the new compound aloe capsule (NCAC) has not been fully elucidated to date, which poses challenges for pharmacology, scientific, and rational drug use. In this study, a rapid and sensitive method was established to comprehensively study the constituents in the NCAC. The contents of the NCAC were analyzed by UPLC‐Q‐Orbitrap‐MS and data postprocessing technology.MethodsFirstly, the extract was separated by UPLC system, and the fragment information was obtained under positive and negative ions and then compared with the characteristic fragments described in the literature, so as to achieve the purpose of rapid identification of the compound of NCAC.ResultsA total of 56 compounds including 21 chromones, 6 pyranones, 7 anthraquinones, 7 anthrone, 5 alkaloids, 4 amino acids, and 6 other components were detected in NCAC by comparing the retention time and mass spectrometry information and retrieving the reference literature.ConclusionsThe UPLC‐Q‐Orbitrap‐MS method was developed and utilized successfully to identify the major constituents in NCAC and would be helpful for improving the quality control standard of NCAC.
A Proof‐of‐Principle Study for δ15N Measurements of Aqueous Dissolved Nitrate With a Modified LC‐IRMS Interface
Authors: Hesse Tobias , Niemann Felix , Khaliq Shaista , Köster Daniel , Enss Julian , Feld Christian K. , Nachev Milen , Kerpen Klaus , Jochmann Maik A. , Schmidt Torsten C. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTRationaleThe analysis of nitrogen isotopes in aqueous dissolved nitrate is an effective method for identifying pollution sources and offers the potential to study the nitrogen cycle. However, the measurement of nitrogen isotope ratios of nitrate still requires extensive sample preparation or derivatization.MethodsIn this study, a modified commercially available liquid chromatography–isotope ratio mass spectrometer (LC‐IRMS) interface is presented that enables automated measurement of δ15N signatures from nitrate by online reduction of nitrate in two consecutive steps. First, vanadium(III) chloride is used as a reducing agent to convert NO3− to NxOy under acidic conditions. The mix of nitrogen oxides is then transferred into a stream of helium and reduced to nitrogen (N2) analysis gas via a hot copper reactor. Prior to the online conversion of aqueous nitrate into elemental nitrogen, the sample was chromatographically separated from potential matrix effects on a PGC column.ResultsPrecision was achieved at a level below 1.4‰ by injecting 10 μL of 50 mg L−1 N, using five different nitrate standards and reference materials. These materials spanned a range of more than 180‰ in δ15N. To demonstrate the applicability of the method, we measured water samples from an enrichment experiment, where isotopically enriched ammonium chloride was administered into a small river over the course of 2 weeks. In contrary to our expectation, the δ15N values of river nitrate showed values between +0.4 ± 0.4‰ and +4.1 ± 0.3‰, varying over a small range of 3.7‰.ConclusionsOur study showed that the measurement of nitrate nitrogen isotope ratios with a modified LC‐IRMS system is possible but that further modifications and improvements would be necessary for a robust and user‐friendly instrument.
Typical Structure of Hereditary Graph Families. II. Exotic Examples
Authors: Norin Sergey , Yuditsky Yelena 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTA graph is ‐free
if it does not contain an induced subgraph isomorphic to . The study of the typical structure of ‐free graphs was initiated by Erdős, Kleitman, and Rothschild (1976), who have shown that almost all ‐free graphs are bipartite. Since then the typical structure of ‐free graphs has been determined for several families of graphs , including complete graphs, trees, and cycles. Recently, Reed and Scott proposed a conjectural description of the typical structure of ‐free graphs for all graphs , which extends all previously known results in the area. We construct an infinite family of graphs for which the Reed–Scott conjecture fails, and use the methods we developed in the prequel paper Norin and Yuditsky (2024) to describe the typical structure of ‐free graphs for graphs in this family. Using similar techniques, we construct an infinite family of graphs for which the maximum size of a homogenous set in a typical ‐free graph is sublinear in the number of vertices, answering a question of Loebl et al. (2010) and Kang et al. (2014).
Soil Bacterial Biodiversity in Drylands Is Dependent on Groundcover Under Increased Temperature
Authors: Stewart Jana , de Lima Nathali Machado , Kingsford Richard , Muñoz‐Rojas Miriam 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionDrylands are a major terrestrial biome, supporting much of the earth's population. Soil microbial communities maintain drylands’ ecosystem functions but are threatened by increasing temperature. Groundcover, such as vegetation or biocrust, drives the patchiness of drylands' soil microbial communities, reflected in fertile islands and rhizosphere soil microbial associations. Groundcover may shelter soil microbial communities from increasingly harsh temperatures under climate change, mitigating effects on microclimate, but few data on the microbial response exists. Understanding the fine‐scale interactions between plants and soil is crucial to improving conservation and management of drylands under climate change.Materials and MethodsWe used open‐top chambers to experimentally increase the temperature on five key groundcover species found in arid Australia, and are commonly present in drylands worldwide; bareground (controls), biocrust, perennial grass, Maireana sp. shrub, Acacia aneura trees, testing soil bacterial diversity and community composition response to the effects of increased temperatures.ResultsWe found that groundcover was a stronger driver of soil bacterial composition than increased temperature, but this response varied with groundcover type. Larger groundcover types (Acacia and Maireana) buffered the impact of heat stress on the soil bacterial community. Bacterial diversity and species richness declined with heat stress affecting the bacterial communities associated with perennial grass, Maireana and Acacia. We identified 16 bacterial phyla significantly associated with groundcover types in ambient treatment. But, under heat stress, only three phyla, Verrumicrobiota, Patescibacteria, and Abditibacteriota, had significantly different relative abundance under groundcovers, Acacia and Maireana, compared to bareground controls. The soil bacterial community associated with perennial grass was most affected by increased temperature.ConclusionOur findings suggest soil communities may become more homogeneous under climate change, with compositional change, rather than diversity, tracking soil response to heat stress.
Does economic complexity provide antidotal pathways to evade the resource curse syndrome? A novel role for institutions
Authors: Olaniyi Clement Olalekan , Odhiambo Nicholas M. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis study offers the first empirical attempt to examine the role of institutional quality in influencing the contribution of economic complexity to evading resource curses and reducing resource dependency in resource‐rich countries. We analyze data from 20 resource‐rich African countries covering the years 1995–2021, using fully modified ordinary least squares, a Driscoll–Kraay nonparametric covariance matrix, and the method of moments‐quantile regression. These countries predominantly suffer from resource curses, resource dependence, weak economic complexity, and deficient institutions. The findings reveal that economic complexity has no direct potency to spur less reliance on natural resources and mitigate resource curses. Institutional quality, on the other hand, creates stimuli and technical support that facilitate less resource dependence and offer countermeasures to evade resource curses in resource‐rich African countries. Interestingly, institutional quality strengthens economic complexity by increasing knowledge‐based productive capacity, technological innovation, extending non‐resource sectors and exports, promoting innovative business opportunities, fostering entrepreneurship, diversifying economies, reducing resource dependence, and mitigating resource curses. The study concludes that institutional quality enables economic complexity to spur less reliance on natural resources and pave the way to evade resource curses in resource‐rich African countries. The primary policy implications of the study suggest that the capacity of resource‐rich African countries' economic complexity to reduce resource dependence and provide strategies to circumvent the resource curse is contingent upon the efficiency and effectiveness of their institutions.
Proton‐Mediated Dynamic Nestling of DNA Payloads Within Size‐Matched MOFs Nanochannels for Smart Intracellular Delivery
Authors: Wang Xiaowen , Zhang Hong , He Ping‐Ping , Du Xiaoxue , Shen Yuxin , Cai Wensheng , Guo Weiwei 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWith sequence‐programmable biological functions and excellent biocompatibility, synthetic functional DNA holds great promise for various biological applications. However, it remains a challenge to simultaneously retain their biological functions while protecting these fragile oligonucleotides from the degradation by nucleases abundant in biological circumstances. Herein, a smart delivery system for functional DNA payloads is developed based on proton‐mediated dynamic nestling of cytosine‐rich DNA moieties within the precisely size‐matched nanochannels of highly crystalline metal–organic frameworks (MOFs): At neutral pH, cytosine‐rich DNA strands exhibit a flexible single‐stranded state and can be accommodated by MOFs nanochannels with a size of ca. 2.0 nm; while at acidic conditions, the protonation of cytosine‐rich strands weakens their interaction with the nanochannels, and the tendency to form four‐stranded structures drives these DNA strands out of the nanochannels. Results confirm the successful protection of DNA payloads from enzymatic hydrolysis by the MOFs nanochannels, and the delicate coupling of the endocytosis processes and the proton‐responsive Cytosine‐rich DNA/MOFs systems realized the efficient intracellular delivery of DNA payloads. Furthermore, with a complementary sequence to the telomere overhangs, direct imaging of telomeres and the nucleus is successfully achieved with the proton‐mediated DNA/MOFs system.
Flexible Triboelectric Nanogenerators Based on Cadmium Metal–Organic Framework/Eethyl Cellulose Composites as Energy Harvesters for Selective Photoinduced Bromination Reaction
Authors: Zhang Qiang , Huang Chao , Tao Yuanmeng , Zhang Yue , Cui Jiaxing , Wang Dandan , Wang Peihong , Zhang Ying‐Ying 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe fabrication of self‐driven systems with flexibility and tunable output for organic photoinduction is highly desirable but challenging. In this study, a 3D cadmium metal–organic framework (Cd‐MOF) is synthesized and used as a filler for ethyl cellulose (EC) to create mechanically durable and flexible Cd‐MOF@EC composite films. Due to its well‐established platform with periodically precise structure nature, the outputs of Cd‐MOF‐based TENG are much higher than those of ligand‐based TENGs. Furthermore, composite films with different doping ratios of Cd‐MOF are employed to assemble Cd‐MOF@EC‐based triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs). The results reveal that a doping ratio of 10 wt.% Cd‐MOF in Cd‐MOF@EC provides the highest TENG output. Subsequently, a flexible 10 wt.% Cd‐MOF@EC‐based TENG (FCEC‐TENG), working in the contact‐separation model, is constructed to harvest mechanical energy from the human body, demonstrating excellent output performance and stability. The energy harvested from FCEC‐TENG can directly illuminate 14 commercial white light‐emitting diodes (LEDs), providing visible light for the photoinduction of the bromination reaction, and generating bromide with good yield and tolerance. This study presents an effective method for constructing flexible MOF‐based TENG for self‐powered photoinduced organic transformation systems.
Enhanced Hole‐Injecting Interface for High‐Performance Deep‐Blue Perovskite Light‐Emitting Diodes Using Dipole‐Controlled Self‐Assembled Monolayers
Authors: Lee Hyo Jae , Do Jung Jae , Jung Jae Woong 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe Blue electroluminescence (EL) with high brightness and spectral stability is imperative for full‐color perovskite display technologies meeting the Rec. 2020 standard. However, deep‐blue perovskite light‐emitting diodes (PeLEDs) lag behind their green‐ or red‐emitting counterparts in brightness, quantum efficiency, and operational stability. Additionally, the Cl−/Br− mixed‐halide perovskites with wide bandgap typically designed for deep‐blue emitters are prone to degradation quickly under high operating bias due to low energy for halide migrations and vacancies formation, posing a significant challenge to spectral/operative stabilities. To address these issues, high‐performance deep‐blue PeLEDs are demonstrated by tuning the interface properties with Br‐2ETP, a self‐assembled monolayer (SAM) molecule engineered for a high dipole moment. The Br‐2EPT‐based hole‐injecting interface facilitates favorable energy level alignment between indium tin oxide and the deep‐lying valence band of the perovskite layer, suppressing the hole‐injecting barrier and non‐radiative charge recombination. Excellent perovskite film morphologies are observed at the top and buried surfaces by Br‐2EPT, improving the balance of carrier injection for light emission efficiency. Consequently, the devices exhibit deep‐blue electroluminescence at 457 nm, with an external quantum efficiency of 6.56% and spectral/operative stabilities.
Characterization of the Phononic Landscape of Natural Nacre from Abalone Shells
Authors: Alderete N. A. , Sathyan S. , Raetz S. , Margueritat J. , Asgari M. , Boechler N. , Ghanem M. Abi , Espinosa H. D. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractNatural design and fabrication strategies have long served as a source of inspiration for novel materials with enhanced properties. Less investigated is the prospect of leveraging the complexity of readily available, naturally occurring micro‐/nanostructures as platforms for investigating functional materials. In the field of phononics, exploiting structural biocomposites is gaining traction; but finding natural phononic structures that interact with ultra‐ and hypersonic acoustic waves remains an open quest. In this context, the phononic behavior of natural Nacre, a biocomposite often looked at for inspiration due to its superlattice‐like architecture of alternating organic and inorganic phases, is here characterized. To such end, a combination of non‐contact pump‐probe laser ultrasonics techniques and Brillouin spectroscopy are employed to interrogate Nacre's hierarchical structure at the micro‐ and nanoscale and measure its phononic dispersion behavior in the MHz and GHz range. It is found that for wavelengths longer than the brick‐and‐mortar characteristic length, Nacre behaves as a dispersionless medium with effective transversely isotropic properties; but as the wavelengths become comparable to its structural periodicity an involved phononic spectrum arises which challenges the notion of a perfectly periodic, high mechanical‐contrast biocomposite.
Thiol Groups Reutilization on Chemical Bath Deposited Tin Oxide Surface Achieving Interface Anchoring and Defects Passivation for Enhancing the Performance and Stability of Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Ma Bin , Yao Disheng , Chen Bitao , Wang Jilin , Zhang Xueqi , Tian Nan , Su Jiale , Chen Mingguang , Peng Yong , Zheng Guoyuan , Long Fei 
Published: November 2024

AbstractDue to its simple process and adaptability to large‐area deposition, chemical bath deposition (CBD) is one of the preparation methods for the SnO2 layer in highly efficient “n‐i‐p” structured perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, the residual thioglycolic acid (TGA) on the CBD‐SnO2 surface affects the stability of PSCs and the carrier transport at the CBD‐SnO2/perovskite interface, hindering the further development of this method. This work demonstrates a method for the reutilization of surface groups to construct molecular bridges. This strategy utilizes the substitution reaction between the residual thiol group on the CBD‐SnO2 surface and the iodine group of iodoacetamide (IAM) to form the IAM structure. The IAM structure not only assists the perovskite grain crystallization but also increases the electronic cloud density of the CBD‐SnO2 surface. Consequently, the charge mobility of the CBD‐SnO2 is enhanced and the energy band alignment at the CBD‐SnO2/perovskite interface is optimized. A champion device with the IAM structure achieved a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 22.41% while it maintained 80% of its original PCE after placing at 65 °C in nitrogen filled atmosphere for over 300 h and in an environment at 25 °C and 50 ± 5% relative humidity for over 1000 h, respectively.