bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of left ventricular diastolic function based on flow energetic parameters in chronic kidney disease with diastolic dysfunction
Authors: Wang Wei , Wang Yueheng , Chen Xiaoxue , Yuan Lijun , Bai Hui 
Published: January 2019

BackgroundIntra‐ventricular blood flow dynamics is considered as an important component of left ventricular (LV) function assessment. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the LV diastolic function in chronic kidney disease (CKD) with different degrees of LV diastolic dysfunction (LVDD) by using flow energetic parameters.MethodsIn this study, a total of 96 cases were recruited, including 58 CKD patients and 38 healthy controls. CKD patients were divided into 2 groups according to LVDD severity, named as DD1 and DD2. Vector flow‐mapping (VFM) analysis was executed to calculate left ventricle average energy loss (EL) during early filling phase (E‐EL_ave), atrial filling phase (A‐EL_ave), diastole phase (D‐EL_ave), and ejection phase (S‐EL_ave). Moreover, the average vortex circulation during early filling phase (E‐cir_ave) and atrial filling phase (A‐cir_ave) was also assessed in the apical three‐chamber view. The rate of average EL during early filling and atrial filling was expressed as E/A‐EL.ResultCompared to the control group, A‐EL_ave, S‐EL_ave, and A‐cir_ave in the DD1 group were higher (P < 0.05), and all parameters were obviously higher in the DD2 group (P < 0.05). In the control group and the DD2 subgroup, the E‐EL_ave value was significantly higher than A‐EL_ave value, which was opposite to the DD1 group. As diastolic dysfunction worsened, E‐EL_ave and D‐EL_ave risen gradually (P < 0.05), and A‐EL_ave and S‐EL_ave were slightly elevated with no significance. There were significant correlations between LV diastolic function and flow energetic parameters. Stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed that various LV function parameters could be regarded as independent predictors of average diastolic EL (all P < 0.01).ConclusionsFor CKD patient with LVDD and LVEF > 50%, effective LV filling and systolic ejection with optimized energy consumption have been impaired. As a new flow‐derived index, EL can quantitatively evaluate LV diastolic function in terms of blood fluid dynamics in CKD with various LVDD.
Moving on from early intervention for psychosis services: Service user perspectives on the facilitators and barriers of transition
Authors: Loughlin Matthew , Berry Katherine , Brooks Joanna , Bucci Sandra 
Published: January 2019

AimEarly intervention for psychosis services (EIS) has been established worldwide and is offered to individuals experiencing a first episode of psychosis. Engagement with EIS typically lasts for 3 years, after which point, service users are either transferred to primary care or community mental health teams, according to perceived needs. Although UK National Institute for Clinical Excellence (NICE) guidelines recommend transfer of care should be arranged in conjunction with the receiving service, there exists little, if any, practical guidance as to how this should actually be managed. This study aims to investigate the barriers and facilitators of transition from EIS to both primary and secondary care services in the United Kingdom from the perspectives of service users.MethodsFifteen EIS service users who had either been discharged to primary or secondary services were interviewed about their experience of discharge. Data were analysed using interpretive thematic analysis, adopting a critical realist stance.ResultsFour themes were identified: feeling ready for discharge; relationships and trust; planning for discharge; life after EIS.ConclusionsThis is the first in‐depth exploration of a sample of largely male service users' views on transition from EIS to primary and/or secondary care services. We highlight several practical steps that EIS and receiving services can take to facilitate a more optimal discharge and transition experience for EIS service users. Taking into account service pressures, the discharge process should be one that is gradual, allowing time for the service user to both process the news and gradually sever ties with keyworkers.
Cost‐effectiveness analysis of screen‐and‐treat strategy in asymptomatic Chinese for preventing Helicobacter pylori‐associated diseases
Authors: Chen Qi , Liang Xiao , Long Xiaohua , Yu Lou , Liu Wenzhong , Lu Hong 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe high prevalence of Helicobacter pylori (H pylori) infection in China results in a substantial public health burden. Medical experts have not agreed on the best solution of population intervention for this problem. We presented a health economic evaluation of a population‐based H pylori screen‐and‐treat strategy for preventing gastric cancer, peptic ulcer disease (PUD), and nonulcer dyspepsia (NUD).Materials and MethodsDecision trees and Markov models were developed to evaluate the cost‐effectiveness of H pylori screening followed by eradication treatment in asymptomatic Chinese. The modeled screen‐and‐treat strategy reduced the risk of gastric cancer, PUD, and NUD. The main outcomes were the costs, effectiveness, and the incremental cost‐effectiveness ratio. Uncertainty was explored by one‐way and probabilistic sensitivity analyses.ResultsFor preventing gastric cancer, PUD, and NUD together in a cohort of 10 million asymptomatic Chinese at the age of 20 years, the H pylori screen‐and‐treat strategy saved 288.1 million dollars, 28 989 life years, and 111 663 quality‐adjusted life years, and prevented 11 611 gastric cancers, 5422 deaths from gastric cancer, and 1854 deaths from PUD during life expectancy. Uncertainty of screening age from 20 to 60 did not affect the superiority of the screen‐and‐treat strategy over the no‐screen strategy. The one‐way and probabilistic sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of our study's results.ConclusionsCompared with the no‐screen strategy, population‐based screen‐and‐treat strategy for H pylori infection proved cheaper and more effective for preventing gastric cancer, PUD, and NUD in Chinese asymptomatic general population.
The top 50 most‐cited articles published in the International Endodontic Journal
Authors: Ahmad P. , Dummer P. M. H. , Noorani T. Y. , Asif J. A. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAimTo analyse the main characteristics of the top 50 most‐cited articles published in the International Endodontic Journal from 1967 to 2018.MethodologyThe Clarivate Analytics’ Web of Science ‘All Databases’, Elsevier's Scopus, Google Scholar and PubMed Central were searched to retrieve the 50 most‐cited articles in the IEJ published from April 1967 to December 2018. The articles were analysed and information including number of citations, year of publication, contributing authors, institutions and countries, study design, study topic, impact factor and keywords was extracted.ResultsThe number of citations of the 50 selected papers varied from 575 to 130 (Web of Science), 656 to164 (Elsevier's Scopus), 1354 to 199 (Google Scholar) and 123 to 3 (PubMed). The majority of papers were published in the year 2001 (n = 7). Amongst 102 authors, the greatest contribution was made by four contributors that included Gulabivala K (n = 4), Ng YL (n = 4), Pitt Ford TR (n = 4) and Wesselink PR (n = 4). The majority of papers originated from the United Kingdom (n = 8) with most contributions from King's College London Dental Institute (UK) and Eastman Dental Hospital, London. Reviews were the most common study design (n = 19) followed by Clinical Research (n = 16) and Basic Research (n = 15). The majority of topics covered by the most‐cited articles were Outcome Studies (n = 9), Intracanal medicaments (n = 8), Endodontic microbiology (n = 7) and Canal instrumentation (n = 7). Amongst 76 unique keywords, Endodontics (n = 7), Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) (n = 7) and Root Canal Treatment (n = 7) were the most frequently used.ConclusionThis is the first study to identify and analyse the top 50 most‐cited articles in a specific professional journal within Dentistry. The analysis has revealed information regarding the development of the IEJ over time as well as scientific progress in the field of Endodontology.
Patient-reported barriers to medication adherence in heart failure in Scotland
Authors: Forsyth Paul , Richardson Janice , Lowrie Richard 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Objectives
Medication adherence is the end result of a complex set of interwoven factors. Non-adherence with medication in heart failure patients is associated with excess mortality and morbidity. Studies describing interventions to improve adherence in heart failure are limited by a lack of robust methods and inconsistent outcomes. The aim of this evaluation was to explore the barriers to medication adherence in Scottish heart failure patients in order to inform the development of complex interventions.

Methods
Qualitative patient interviews. Participants were aged ≥18 years with current or previous signs or symptoms of clinical heart failure, reduced left ventricular ejection fraction ≤45% and confirmed adherence of &lt;80% in tablet counts of heart failure therapy. Thematic analysis was employed.

Key findings
Eleven patients were recruited. The median age was 79 years old, and participants were typically from socially deprived communities. Participants were prescribed a mean 9.9 different medications per day. Seven distinct themes emerged around barriers to medication adherence: co-morbidity; treatment burden; health literacy; trust in NHS; socioeconomic factors; autonomy and health expectations.

Conclusions
The factors affecting medication adherence in heart failure are multi-factorial and are unlikely to be improved by one single-faceted intervention. Future interventions need to treat patients holistically, build their trust as partners, simplify complex treatment regimens where possible and involve educational and social elements. The skill set and opportunities afforded to pharmacists may be well placed to deliver many of these aspects but this would need tested in the context of the development of complex interventions.
Consumer recommendations for enhancing the Safewards model and interventions
Authors: Kennedy Hamilton , Roper Cath , Randall Rory , Pintado Daniel , Buchanan‐Hagen Sally , Fletcher Justine , Hamilton Bridget 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThis paper critiques the Safewards model through the lens of lived experiences of psychiatric hospitalization, diagnosis of mental illness, and distress. Special focus is given to the model's tested 10 interventions and to five lesser known interventions, identifying the impact they can have on hospitalized consumers. We highlight the role and prevalence of trauma, as well as the need to prevent harm in hospital settings. We draw upon notions of hospital as a sanctuary for people and the importance of providing a safe ward. ‘Sanctuary harm’ and ‘Sanctuary trauma’ are thus defined, with emphasis placed on the Safewards interventions as means by which sanctuary can be achieved. Finally, the consumer‐perspective authors propose expansions to the model, critiquing the defining literature and moving towards a consumer experience of safety that is beyond the model’s original intention: to reduce seclusion and restraint practices. Throughout the paper, the term ‘consumer’ is used in this context to mean people who have experienced or are experiencing psychiatric inpatient care.
Liberalism's Religion and Laborde's Integrity
Authors: Seglow Jonathan 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThis response to Cecile Laborde's Liberalism's Religion explores her use of integrity in defence of legal accommodation for religious groups, noting some problems and issues raised by her account. It goes on to examine her novel category of Integrity Protecting Commitments, and then her views on reasonable disagreement. Integrity too, I suggest, may be the object of reasonable disagreement. Finally, it considers the two more general accounts of exemptions Laborde offers (into which the notion of integrity is inserted), disproportionate burden and majority bias.
Relict populations and Central European glacial refugia: The case of Rhododendron ferrugineum (Ericaceae)
Authors: Suchan Tomasz , Malicki Marek , Ronikier Michał 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAimTo assess the origin and genetic relationship of the northernmost population of Rhododendron ferrugineum in the Karkonosze Mts. (the Sudetes), located 350 km north of the previously acknowledged species limit, in the context of the whole species range; to discuss, based on this case study, the glacial history of the Central European mountain flora and importance of rare, relict populations for biogeographical inference and diversity conservation.LocationEuropean mountains: Sudetes, Alps, Pyrenees.MethodsWe sampled 90 individuals from 26 R. ferrugineum populations spanning the whole species’ range. To infer genetic structure, diversity and relationships among populations and isolated parts of the geographical range, we applied genome‐wide amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) genotyping and sequencing of four cpDNA fragments and nrDNA ITS region.ResultsOur AFLP analysis revealed four distinct genetic groups in R. ferrugineum, one formed by the northernmost population from (a) the Karkonosze Mts. (the Sudetes) and the other three comprising populations from the (b) Western Alps and Pyrenees, (c) South‐Westernmost Alps and (d) Eastern Alps. Genetic isolation of the Karkonosze population was further corroborated by a repetitive pattern differentiation in plastid DNA sequences, otherwise almost monomorphic across the range. Population from the Karkonosze was most closely related to those from the Western Alps and not from the geographically closest Eastern Alps.Main conclusionsWe show that the population of R. ferrugineum in the Karkonosze Mts. is a glacial relict and not a recently established or introduced population. Its distinctiveness and high genetic diversity show that it represents a northern, previously undetected, genetic lineage of the species in Europe, which persisted through climatic changes in a small but stable microrefugium. Our case study highlights the importance of an adequate coverage of a species’ range in phylogeographical studies and the significance of peripheral parts of the range to reveal biogeographical history of lineages. It also supports the Karkonosze Mountains as an important refugium for the Central European mountain flora.
O‐GlcNAc transferase activates stem‐like cell potential in hepatocarcinoma through O‐GlcNAcylation of eukaryotic initiation factor 4E
Authors: Cao Benjin , Duan Meng , Xing Yang , Liu Chanjuan , Yang Fan , Li Yinan , Yang Tianxiao , Wei Yuanyan , Gao Qiang , Jiang Jianhai 
Published: January 2019

AbstractO‐GlcNAcylation catalysed by O‐GlcNAc transferase (OGT) is a reversible post‐translational modification. O‐GlcNAcylation participates in transcription, epigenetic regulation, and intracellular signalling. Dysregulation of O‐GlcNAcylation in response to high glucose or OGT expression has been implicated in metabolic diseases and cancer. However, the underlying mechanisms by which OGT regulates hepatoma development remain largely unknown. Here, we employed the lentiviral shRNA‐based system to knockdown OGT to analyse the contribution of OGT in hepatoma cell proliferation and stem‐like cell potential. The sphere‐forming assay and western blot analysis of stem‐related gene expression were used to evaluate stem‐like cell potential of hepatoma cell. We found that the level of total O‐GlcNAcylation or OGT protein was increased in hepatocellular carcinoma. OGT activated stem‐like cell potential in hepatoma through eukaryotic initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) which bound to stem‐related gene Sox2 5'‐untranslated region. O‐GlcNAcylation of eIF4E at threonine 168 and threonine 177 protected it from degradation through proteasome pathway. Expression of eIF4E in hepatoma was determined by immunostaining in 232 HCC patients, and Kaplan‐Meier survival analysis was used to determine the correlation of eIF4E expression with prognosis. High glucose promoted stem‐like cell potential of hepatoma cell through OGT‐eIF4E axis. Collectively, our findings indicate that OGT promotes the stem‐like cell potential of hepatoma cell through O‐GlcNAcylation of eIF4E. These results provide a mechanism of HCC development and a cue between the pathogenesis of HCC and high glucose condition.
Deficiency of apoptosis‐stimulating protein two of p53 ameliorates acute kidney injury induced by ischemia reperfusion in mice through upregulation of autophagy
Authors: Ji Jing , Zhou Xiaoshuang , Xu Ping , Li Yafeng , Shi Honglin , Chen Dexi , Li Rongshan , Shi Hongbo 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAcute kidney injury (AKI) has become a common disorder with a high risk of morbidity and mortality, which remains major medical problem without reliable and effective therapeutic intervention. Apoptosis‐stimulating protein two of p53 (ASPP2) is a proapoptotic member that belongs to p53 binding protein family, which plays a key role in regulating apoptosis and cell growth. However, the role of ASPP2 in AKI has not been reported. To explore the role of ASPP2 in the progression of AKI, we prepared an AKI mouse model induced by ischaemia reperfusion (I/R) in wild‐type (ASPP2+/+) mice and ASPP2 haploinsufficient (ASPP2+/−) mice. The expression profile of ASPP2 were examined in wild‐type mice. The renal injury, inflammation response, cellular apoptosis and autophagic pathway was assessed in ASPP2+/+ and ASPP2+/− mice. The renal injury, inflammation response and cellular apoptosis was analysed in ASPP2+/+ and ASPP2+/− mice treated with 3‐methyladenine or vehicle. The expression profile of ASPP2 showed an increase at the early stage while a decrease at the late stage during renal injury. Compared with ASPP2+/+ mice, ASPP2 deficiency protected mice against renal injury induced by I/R, which mainly exhibited in slighter histologic changes, lower levels of blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine, and less apoptosis as well as inflammatory response. Furthermore, ASPP2 deficiency enhanced autophagic activity reflecting in the light chain 3‐II conversion and p62 degradation, while the inhibition of autophagy reversed the protective effect of ASPP2 deficiency on AKI. These data suggest that downregulation of ASPP2 can ameliorate AKI induced by I/R through activating autophagy, which may provide a novel therapeutic strage for AKI.
JS‐K induces reactive oxygen species‐dependent anti‐cancer effects by targeting mitochondria respiratory chain complexes in gastric cancer
Authors: Zhao Xudong , Cai Aizhen , Peng Zheng , Liang Wenquan , Xi Hongqing , Li Peiyu , Chen Guozhu , Yu Jiyun , Chen Lin 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAs a nitric oxide (NO) donor prodrug, JS‐K inhibits cancer cell proliferation, induces the differentiation of human leukaemia cells, and triggers apoptotic cell death in various cancer models. However, the anti‐cancer effect of JS‐K in gastric cancer has not been reported. In this study, we found that JS‐K inhibited the proliferation of gastric cancer cells in vitro and in vivo and triggered mitochondrial apoptosis. Moreover, JS‐K induced a significant accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and the clearance of ROS by antioxidant reagents reversed JS‐K‐induced toxicity in gastric cancer cells and subcutaneous xenografts. Although JS‐K triggered significant NO release, NO scavenging had no effect on JS‐K‐induced toxicity in vivo and in vitro. Therefore, ROS, but not NO, mediated the anti‐cancer effects of JS‐K in gastric cancer. We also explored the potential mechanism of JS‐K‐induced ROS accumulation and found that JS‐K significantly down‐regulated the core proteins of mitochondria respiratory chain (MRC) complex I and IV, resulting in the reduction of MRC complex I and IV activity and the subsequent ROS production. Moreover, JS‐K inhibited the expression of antioxidant enzymes, including copper‐zinc‐containing superoxide dismutase (SOD1) and catalase, which contributed to the decrease of antioxidant enzymes activity and the subsequent inhibition of ROS clearance. Therefore, JS‐K may target MRC complex I and IV and antioxidant enzymes to exert ROS‐dependent anti‐cancer function, leading to the potential usage of JS‐K in the prevention and treatment of gastric cancer.
Regulation of CXCL1 chemokine and CSF3 cytokine levels in myometrial cells by the MAFF transcription factor
Authors: Saliba James , Coutaud Baptiste , Solovieva Vera , Lu Fangshi , Blank Volker 
Published: January 2019

AbstractCytokines play key roles in a variety of reproductive processes including normal parturition as well as preterm birth. Our previous data have shown that MAFF, a member of the MAF family of bZIP transcription factors, is rapidly induced by pro‐inflammatory cytokines in PHM1‐31 myometrial cells. We performed loss‐of‐function studies in PHM1‐31 cells to identify MAFF dependent genes. We showed that knockdown of MAFF significantly decreased CXCL1 chemokine and CSF3 cytokine transcript and protein levels. Using chromatin immunoprecipitation analyzes, we confirmed CXCL1 and CSF3 genes as direct MAFF targets. We also demonstrated that MAFF function in PHM1‐31 myometrial cells is able to control cytokine and matrix metalloproteinase gene expression in THP‐1 monocytic cells in a paracrine fashion. Our studies provide valuable insights into the MAFF dependent transcriptional network governing myometrial cell function. The data suggest a role of MAFF in parturition and/or infection‐induced preterm labour through modulation of inflammatory processes in the microenvironment.
Barrier membranes: More than the barrier effect?
Authors: Omar Omar , Elgali Ibrahim , Dahlin Christer , Thomsen Peter 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAimTo review the knowledge on the mechanisms controlling membrane–host interactions in guided bone regeneration (GBR) and investigate the possible role ofGBRmembranes as bioactive compartments in addition to their established role as barriers.Materials and MethodsA narrative review was utilized based onin vitro,in vivoand available clinical studies on the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlyingGBRand the possible bioactive role of membranes.ResultsEmerging data demonstrate that the membrane contributes bioactively to the regeneration of underlying defects. The cellular and molecular activities in the membrane are intimately linked to the promoted bone regeneration in the underlying defect. Along with the native bioactivity ofGBRmembranes, incorporating growth factors and cells in membranes or with graft materials may augment the regenerative processes in underlying defects.ConclusionIn parallel with its barrier function, the membrane plays an active role in hosting and modulating the molecular activities of the membrane‐associated cells duringGBR. The biological events in the membrane are linked to the bone regenerative and remodelling processes in the underlying defect. Furthermore, the bone‐promoting environments in the two compartments can likely be boosted by strategies targeting both material aspects of the membrane and host tissue responses.