bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Structure and content of diaries written by close relatives for intensive care unit patients: A narrative approach (DRIP study)
Authors: Nielsen Anne Højager , Angel Sanne , Hansen Torben Bæk , Egerod Ingrid 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAimTo investigate structure and content of a nurse prompted diary written by relatives for intensive care unit (ICU) patients.DesignA narrative analysis of ICU diaries.MethodsFrom September 2015‐August 2016, 12 diaries authored by 12 relatives for 12 ICU patients were sampled at 3–4 months post‐ICU discharge. We used Ricoeur's hermeneutical phenomenology as a framework for a narrative analysis of the diaries. The first step was naïve reading, followed by structural analysis exploring the internal relations of the text. The structural analysis was broadened by exploring narrative structures. The last step was critical interpretation of the findings.FindingsThe diaries had a clear narrative structure; the diary‐timeline consisted of: Pre‐ICU phase, Early ICU phase, Culmination, Recovery and Post‐ICU reflection. Three themes described the content of the diary: Struggling to get the story right for the patient; striving to understand what was happening and longing to re‐establish a connection with the patient. Keeping a diary was perceived by the relatives as a challenging but rewarding task.ConclusionThe diary had the potential for reflection and a deeper understanding of the ICU stay. The diary served as a locus for patient and relatives to connect or re‐connect, but some diaries might be too personal and emotional to share with the patient. Future research needs to explore advantages and disadvantages of ICU diaries authored by relatives.
The relations of quality of life in patients with lupus erythematosus: Regression models versus qualitative comparative analysis
Authors: Castellano Rioja Elena , Valero‐Moreno Selene , del Carmen Giménez‐Espert María , Prado‐Gascó Vicente 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBackgroundLupus erythematosus (LE) is an autoimmune disease that can have negative repercussions on the quality of life (QL) of those who suffer from it. The QL can be influenced by socio‐demographic factors are related to the disease itself.AimsTo analyse the associative power of socio‐demographic (age and sex) and medical variables (type of lupus, diagnostic time and symptomatically associated with lupus) on the QL in patients with lupus by comparing linear relations models and models based on comparative qualitative fuzzy analysis.DesignThis is a retrospective cross‐sectional design.ParticipantsThe sample consisted of 161 patients (88.4% female) diagnosed with LE between the ages of 18–66 years.MethodsData were collected between 2015 ‐ 2017 using the Lupus Erythematosus Quality of Life Questionnaire. Two different statistical methodologies were used: traditional regression models and qualitative comparative analysis models of fuzzy sets.ResultsThe results of the regression model suggest that none of the variables considered could explain the QL of these patients. On the other hand, the results of the fuzzy models suggest that being female, young and a shorter time to diagnosis explain higher levels of QL in these types of patients.ConclusionsSince nurses are the people who interact most with patients, detecting risk groups of patients with lupus respect to their QL. This can help develop intervention programs from a nursing perspective.
Groundwater management: Waiting for a drought*
Authors: Amundsen Eirik S. , Jensen Frank 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIn this article we present a stylized model for optimal management of an unconfined groundwater resource when the threat of drought exists. The drought is modeled as a stochastic event that hits at an uncertain date and two benchmark management policies are investigated: (a) A policy of optimal dynamic management ignoring the threat of drought; and (b) an economically optimal policy that accounts for the threat of a drought. We show that the optimal predrought steady‐state equilibrium stock size of groundwater under policy b is larger than that under policy (a) Furthermore, we show that an increase in the probability of a drought gives rise to two counteracting effects: One in the direction of a larger predrought steady‐state equilibrium stock size (a recovery effect) and one in the direction of a lower predrought steady‐state equilibrium stock (an extinction effect). We find that the recovery effect dominates the extinction effect.Recommendations for Resource Managers:We analyze two groundwater extraction policies that can be used when a threat of drought exists: (a) Dynamic optimal management ignoring the threat of drought; and (b) dynamic optimal management taking the threat of drought into account. We show that the predrought steady‐state equilibrium stock size of water should be larger under the policy (b) than under policy (a). This conclusion has three implications for resource managers:

Current groundwater management should take future extraction possibilities into account.

A resource manager ought to take the threat of drought into account in groundwater management.

A buffer stock of water should be built‐up before the drought to be drawn upon during the event.
Variations and factors associated with psychotropic use in cognitively impaired elderly residing in long‐term care facilities in East Asia: a cross‐sectional study
Authors: Terada Saya , Yamakawa Miyae , Kang Younhee , Kobayashi Sayuri , Liao Xiao‐yan , Panuthai Sirirat , Sung Huei‐chuan , Suzuki Mizue , Makimoto Kiyoko 
Published: January 2019

BackgroundThe aim of this cross‐sectional study was to compare patterns of psychotropic prescription drug use among cognitively impaired residents in long‐term care facilities in East Asia and to explore factors associated with these patterns.MethodsThis study included elderly participants with cognitive impairments residing in long‐term care facilities with and without dementia care units in Japan, South Korea, China, Taiwan, and Thailand. The Mini‐Mental State Examination, the Clinical Dementia Rating, and the Neuropsychiatric Inventory, Nursing Home version were used to assess cognitive status, examine dementia severity, and evaluate behavioural psychological symptoms of dementia, respectively. The rate of psychotropic drug use and the relationship between the number of psychotropic drugs and clinical factors were examined.ResultsIn total, 662 people were analyzed. Facilities with dementia care units had a higher rate of anti‐dementia drug use than regular elderly care sites. Among the three dementia care sites, a Japanese hospital and a Korean site had a high rate of antipsychotic use and use of other types of psychotropics, whereas these drugs were used at a low rate in a Chinese nursing home. Patterns of psychotropic drug use may be partially associated with local regulations and facility type. Poly‐pharmacy was identified as a common problem at all study sites.ConclusionsOur findings will be beneficial for health‐care professionals and policymakers when developing practice guidelines and strategies to regulate overuse of psychotropics and poly‐pharmacy. Prospective studies are needed to examine patterns of psychotropic prescriptions and to promote evidence‐based practice.
Surgical treatment of epiploic foramen entrapment in 142 horses (2008–2016)
Authors: van Bergen Thomas , Haspeslagh Maarten , Wiemer Peter , Swagemakers Michaël , van Loon Gunther , Martens Ann 
Published: January 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo report the clinical features, outcomes, and prognostic factors associated with the surgical treatment of epiploic foramen entrapment (EFE).Study designRetrospective study at a single referral hospital.AnimalsHorses (n = 142) undergoing surgery (n = 145) for EFE.MethodsPreoperative, perioperative, and postoperative data of surgeries on horses that underwent exploratory laparotomy for EFE were obtained. The postoperative outcome was assessed by follow‐up telephone calls with the owners/caregivers. Factors associated with postoperative reflux (POR), relaparotomy, hospital discharge, colic after hospital discharge, and survival after discharge were assessed.ResultsIn total, 145 surgeries were performed on 142 horses (recurrence rate, 3%). Warmblood horses represented 85% of the horses that underwent surgery. Windsucking/crib‐biting was confirmed in 60% of these surgery cases. Left‐to‐right entrapment was diagnosed in all horses. Ileal involvement was recorded in 74% of the cases. Uncontrollable intraoperative hemorrhage was encountered in 6% of the surgeries. One hundred seven (74%) horses recovered from surgery, and 65% of those survived to discharge. The rate of survival to discharge of all surgeries was 48%. The median survival of the cases that were discharged exceeded 3193 days. Horses requiring intestinal resection were predisposed to POR, and those undergoing jejunoileostomy were more prone to POR than those undergoing jejunojejunostomy. Horses with POR were less likely to be discharged than those without POR, and those that underwent resection had shorter life expectancy after hospital discharge than those that did not undergo resection.ConclusionSurgical treatment of EFE was associated with high morbidity and mortality, with recurrence in at least 3% of surviving horses.Clinical significanceOwners of horses with EFE should be informed of the guarded prognosis associated with current surgical treatment.
Estimating direct healthcare costs attributable to laboratory‐confirmed Lyme disease in Ontario, Canada: A population‐based matched cohort study using health administrative data
Authors: Shing Emily , Wang John , Khoo Edwin , Evans Gerald A. , Moore Stephen , Nelder Mark P. , Patel Samir N. , Russell Curtis , Sider Doug , Sander Beate 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe objective of this study was to determine healthcare costs attributable to laboratory‐confirmed Lyme disease (LD) from the healthcare payer perspective in Ontario, Canada. A cost‐of‐illness study was conducted for incident LD subjects from 1 January 2006 through 31 December 2013 ascertained from provincial laboratory and reportable disease databases, linked to health administrative data. All LD subjects included were laboratory‐confirmed, according to provincial case definitions. Incident LD subjects were propensity‐score matched to uninfected subjects on age, sex, comorbidities and urban/rural status. We used phase‐of‐care methods to calculate attributable costs for two phases of illness: initial care (≤30 days following “index date”) and continuing care (>30 days after index date to the end of the follow‐up period). A total of 663 incident, confirmed LD subjects were identified from 2006 through 2013. Mean age was 44.2 ± 20.1 years; 339 (51.1%) were female; and 31 (4.7%) were hospitalized ≤30 days after index date. Six hundred fifty‐eight (99.2%) LD subjects were matched to uninfected subjects; mean follow‐up time was 3.3 years. Mean attributable costs per case during the initial care phase and continuing care were $277 (95% CI: $197, $357) and −$5 (−$27, $17), respectively. Attributable costs per LD subject aged 5–14 years were $440 ($132, $747), greater than the costs observed for other age strata. Expected 1‐year attributable costs were $832, given continuing care costs were negligible. Limitations to our study include estimating costs using a cohort of only laboratory‐confirmed LD cases, introducing selection bias for diagnosed and treated patients who may have a lower risk of developing sequelae. In conclusion, the initial care phase of LD is associated with increased healthcare costs, but without significant costs attributable to LD infection after 30 days. Estimates of costs attributable to LD are important for healthcare resource prioritization and the evaluation of novel interventions.
The relationship between interviewer-respondent familiarity and family planning outcomes in the Democratic Republic of Congo: a repeat cross-sectional analysis
Authors: Anglewicz Philip , Akilimali Pierre , Eitmann Linnea Perry , Hernandez Julie , Kayembe Patrick 
Published: January 2019

ObjectivesThe typical approach of survey data collection is to use interviewers who are not from the study site and do not know the participants, yet the implications of this approach on data quality have seldom been investigated. We examine the relationship between interviewer–respondent familiarity and selected family planning outcomes, and whether this relationship changes over time between 2015 and 2016.SettingWe use data from the Performance Monitoring and Accountability 2020 Project in Kongo Central Province, Democratic Republic of Congo.ParticipantsParticipants include representative samples of women of reproductive ages (15 to 49), 1565 interviewed in 2015 and 1668 in 2016. The study used a two-stage cluster design: first randomly selecting enumeration areas (EAs), then randomly selecting households within each EA.DesignWe first identify individual characteristics associated with familiarity between RE and respondent. Next, we examine the relationship between RE–respondent acquaintance and family planning outcomes. Finally, we use two waves of data to examine whether this relationship changes over time between 2015 and 2016.ResultsIn multivariate analysis, interviewer–respondent acquaintance is significantly associated with last birth unintended (OR 1.91, 95% CI 1.17 to 3.13) and reported infertility in 2015 (OR 2.26, 95% CI 1.03 to 4.95); and any contraceptive use (OR 1.51, 95% CI 1.01 to 2.28), traditional contraceptive use (OR 1.79, 95% CI 1.10 to 2.89), reported infidelity (OR 1.89, 95% CI 1.02 to 3.49) and age at first sex (coefficient −0.48, 95% CI −0.96 to −0.01) in 2016. The impact of acquaintance on survey responses changed over time for any contraceptive use (OR 2.09, 95% CI 1.33 to 3.30).ConclusionsThe standard in many large-scale surveys is to use interviewers from outside the community. Our results show that interviewer–respondent acquaintance is associated with a range of family planning outcomes; therefore, we recommend that the approach to hiring interviewers be examined and reconsidered in survey data collection efforts.
Prevalence of restless legs syndrome in functional movement disorders: a case–control study from the Czech Republic
Authors: Serranová Tereza , Slovák Matěj , Kemlink David , Šonka Karel , Hallett Mark , Růžička Evžen 
Published: January 2019

ObjectivesThe prevalence of restless legs syndrome (RLS) in functional movement disorders (FMD) is not known. Patients with FMD often present with multiple motor and sensory symptoms. Some of these symptoms might be due to comorbid RLS. Therefore, our objective was to evaluate possible association between FMD and RLS.DesignCase–control study.SettingMovement Disorders Center, 1st Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic.Participants96 consecutive patients with clinically established FMD (80 females, mean age (SD) 45.0 (13) years), and 76 matched controls.Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe primary outcome measure was prevalence of RLS based on updated International RLS Study Group criteria. Secondary outcome measures included prevalence of periodic limb movements (PLM) using actigraphy; pain, motor and sensory symptoms in lower limbs; organic comorbidities and medication affecting RLS.ResultsRLS criteria were fulfilled in 43.8% of patients (95% CI 34 to 54) and in 7.9% of controls (95% CI 3 to 17, p<0.00001). Both RLS and PLM indices (PLMi) ≥22.5/hour were found in 21.2% of patients with FMD and 2.6% of controls. Patients with FMD with RLS had a higher mean PLMi (p<0.001) and a higher proportion of PLMi ≥22.5/hour (p<0.01) than RLS-negative patients. Patients with RLS had higher prevalence of pain and sensory symptoms in lower limbs, no difference was found in medication and prevalence of organic comorbidities in patients with FMD with and without RLS.ConclusionsWe found an increased prevalence of RLS in patients with FMD. Clinical diagnosis of RLS was supported by actigraphic measurement of clinically relevant PLM in a significant proportion of patients with FMD. Although functional motor and sensory symptoms may mimic RLS, RLS may be unrecognised in patients with FMD. This finding may have clinical implications in management of FMD, and it raises the possibility of common pathophysiological mechanisms of FMD and RLS/PLM.
Evaluating the predictive capabilities of haematoma expansion scores in patients with acute intracerebral haemorrhage: protocol for a scoping review
Authors: Yogendrakumar Vignan , Moores Margaret , Sikora Lindsey , Ramsay Tim , Fergusson Dean A , Dowlatshahi Dar 
Published: January 2019

IntroductionPatients presenting with acute intracerebral haemorrhage are at a high risk of exhibiting haematoma expansion, a phenomenon that can significantly worsen long-term functioning. Numerous clinical and radiological factors are associated with expansion. In a bid to better select patients at increased risk of expanding, these factors have been collated together into clinical scores. Several clinical scores have been developed, but comparisons of diagnostic potential between these scores are limited and the frequency of use in clinical trial enrolment is unknown.ObjectiveTo perform a scoping review of haematoma expansion scores and explore numerous factors such as the methodology of development and diagnostic capabilities.Methods and analysisMEDLINE, PubMed, EMBASE, CENTRAL and ClinicalTrials.gov will be searched with assistance from an experienced information specialist. Eligible studies will involve adults presenting with spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage who received baseline assessments, follow-up imaging and risk stratification through a haematoma expansion score. Reviewers will independently extract data from the included studies and will collect data on patient demographics and medical history, details on score development, diagnostic capabilities and usage proportions. Analysis of extracted data will focus on comparing the predictive capability of each score and similarities/differences in score development. The exact analysis technique will be dictated on the type of data extracted.Ethics and disseminationFormal ethics is not required as primary data will not be collected. The findings of this study will be disseminated through conference presentations and peer-reviewed publications.
Transradial versus transfemoral access for anterior circulation mechanical thrombectomy: comparison of technical and clinical outcomes
Authors: Chen Stephanie H , Snelling Brian M , Sur Samir , Shah Sumedh Subodh , McCarthy David J , Luther Evan , Yavagal Dileep R , Peterson Eric C , Starke Robert M 
Published: January 2019

BackgroundA transradial approach (TRA) is associated with fewer access site complications than a transfemoral technique (TFA).However, there is concern that performing mechanical thrombectomy (MT) via TRA may lead to longer revascularization times and thus worse outcomes. Nonetheless, TRA may confer added benefits in MT since navigation of challenging aortic arch and carotid anatomy is often facilitated by a right radial artery trajectory.ObjectiveTo compare outcomes in patients who underwent MT via TRA versus TFA.MethodsWe performed a retrospective review of our institutional database to identify 51 patients with challenging vascular anatomy who underwent MT for anterior circulation large vessel occlusion between February 2015 and February 2018. Patient characteristics, procedural techniques, and outcomes were recorded. TFA and TRA cohorts were compared.ResultsOf the 51 patients, 18 (35%) underwent MT via TRA. There were no significant cohort differences in patient characteristics, clot location, or aortic arch type and presence of carotid tortuosity. There were no significant differences in outcomes between the two cohorts, including single-pass recanalization rate (54.5% vs 55.6%, p=0.949) and average number of passes (1.9 vs 1.7, p=0.453). Mean access-to-reperfusion time (61.9 vs 61.1 min, p=0.920), successful revascularization rates (Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction score ≥2b 87.9% vs 88.9%, p=1.0) and functional outcomes (modified Rankin Scale score≤2, 39.4% vs 33.3%, p=0.669) were similar between TFA and TRA cohorts, respectively.ConclusionsOur results demonstrate equivalence in efficacy and efficiency between TRA and TFA for MT of anterior circulation large vessel occlusion in patients with challenging vascular anatomy. TRA may be better than TFA in well-selected patients undergoing MT.
Transradial approach for flow diversion treatment of cerebral aneurysms: a multicenter study
Authors: Chen Stephanie H , Snelling Brian M , Shah Sumedh Subodh , Sur Samir , Brunet Marie Christine , Starke Robert M , Yavagal Dileep R , Osbun Joshua W , Peterson Eric C 
Published: January 2019

BackgroundThe transradial approach (TRA) to endovascular procedures decreases access site morbidity and mortality in comparison with the traditional transfemoral technique (TFA). Despite its improved safety profile, there is a concern that TRA is less favorable for neurointerventional procedures that require large coaxial systems to manage the small tortuous cerebral vessels.ObjectiveTo report our experience with TRA for flow diverter placement for treatment of unruptured cerebral aneurysms.MethodsWe performed a retrospective review of prospective institutional databases at two high-volume centers to identify 49 patients who underwent flow diversion for aneurysm treatment via primary TRA between November 2016 and November 2018. Patient demographics, procedural techniques, and clinical data were recorded.ResultsOf the 49 patients, 39 underwent successful flow diversion placement by TRA. Ten patients were converted to TFA after attempted TRA. There were no procedural complications. Reasons for failure included tortuosity in eight patients and severe radial artery spasm in two.ConclusionsIn the largest reported series to date of flow diverter deployment via TRA for aneurysm treatment, we demonstrate the technical feasibility and safety of the method. The most common reason for failure of TRA was an acute angle of left common carotid artery origin or left internal carotid artery tortuosity. Overall, our data suggest that increasing adoption of TRA is merited given its apparent equivalence to the current TFA technique and its documented reduction in access site complications.
Superconducting Quantum Critical Phenomena
Authors: Tao Yong 
Published: January 2019

When the superconducting transition temperature [Formula: see text] sufficiently approaches zero, quantum fluctuations are expected to be overwhelmingly amplified around zero temperature so that the mean-field approximation may break down. This implies that quantum critical phenomena may emerge in highly underdoped and overdoped regions, where the transition temperature [Formula: see text] is sufficiently low. By using Gor’kov’s Green function method, we propose a superconducting quantum critical equation (SQCE) for describing such critical phenomena. For two-dimensional (2D) overdoped materials, SQCE shows that the transition temperature [Formula: see text] and the zero-temperature superfluid phase stiffness [Formula: see text] will obey a two-class scaling combined by linear and parabolic parts, which agrees with the existing experimental investigation [I. Božović et al., Dependence of the critical temperature in overdoped copper oxides on superfluid density, Nature 536 (2016) 309–311]. For three-dimensional (3D) overdoped materials, SQCE predicts that the two-class scaling will be replaced by the linear scaling. Furthermore, we show that SQCE can be applied into highly underdoped region by using Anderson’s non-Fermi liquid model.