bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mapping modern kinship networks: First results from the KINMATRIX survey
Authors: Leopold Thomas , Raab Marcel , Becker Charlotte Clara , Buyukkececi Zafer , Çineli Beyda 
Published: November 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis study presents initial results from the KINMATRIX survey, a large‐scale source of ego‐centric network data offering an unprecedented level of scope and detail in mapping family relationships.BackgroundResearch on kinship networks is limited by the scarcity of available data. As a result, key phenomena remain insufficiently understood, including the importance of extended kin, contrasts between kinship lines, and cross‐national differences. Notably, extended kin provide a unique “strength in numbers” that can enhance social transmission, integration, and support.MethodWe analyzed data from anchor respondents aged 25–35 (N = 11,788 anchors; 239,220 anchor‐kin dyads) collected in seven Western countries (Germany, Italy, Netherlands, Poland, Sweden, United Kingdom, and United States). Kinship networks included a large array of nuclear, extended, and complex kin (on average, 20 kin per anchor). We used descriptive methods to examine retrospective, current, and prospective assessments of kin ties across four measures: importance, closeness, contact, and support.ResultsWe report three main findings: First, extended kin are central to younger adults' lives, representing at least half of the family members they are emotionally close to, regularly contact, and deem important. Second, kinship networks are matrilineally tilted. Maternal kin are emotionally closer, more frequently contacted, considered more important, and more supportive. Third, cross‐national comparisons reveal both similarities and notable differences, with the United States and Sweden showing elevated importance of extended and complex kin and Italy exhibiting higher social integration with nuclear and extended kin.ConclusionData on kinship networks can significantly advance our understanding of key family phenomena.
Testing the incongruence model with longitudinal data: How employment status preferences affect mental health over time
Authors: Paul Karsten Ingmar , Zechmann Andrea , Mlynek Monika , Stiglbauer Barbara , Batinic Bernad , Moser Klaus , Selenko Eva 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAccording to the incongruence model, unemployed people experience incongruence between their actual as compared to their desired employment status, which is an important source of distress. In contrast to other theories, this model is able to explain why unemployed people feel worse not only compared to employed people but also compared to people in other life situations, such as students, homemakers and retirees, who are assumed to experience low levels of incongruence. The current study analysed two longitudinal samples (n = 1066 and n = 1036 at T1) that were followed over 2.5 and 1.5 years, with six and five measurement points, respectively. The results show that (1) unemployed people who found new jobs experienced a reduction in their incongruence levels; (2) changes in incongruence were associated with changes in mental health; (3) changes in incongruence mediated the effects of changes in employment status on mental health. In addition, (4) mental health changes associated with other employment status changes such as entering (or leaving) the labour force (i.e., becoming a student, homemaker or retiree) were also mediated by changes in incongruence levels. Furthermore, the effects remained stable when the influence of the latent and manifest functions of employment was controlled.
Prevalence of culicine salivary antibodies in non‐human primates living in national parks in Thailand
Authors: Aguila Ariza Minelle A. , Boonnak Kobporn , Tongthainan Daraka , Reamtong Onrapak , Suthisawat Sarocha , Likhit Oranit , Fungfuang Wirasak , Hii Jeffrey , Sriwichai Patchara 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMacaques are widely distributed in Thailand with remarkable adaptation to living close to humans in residential, religious sites, markets and tourist areas. They play an essential role in the persistence of pathogens in the environment. As reservoir hosts, they are exposed to hematophagous vectors that secrete saliva, a cocktail of bioactive molecules including antigenic components stimulating host antibody production. Subsequent to the detection of mosquito‐borne pathogens in macaques living in national parks, we aimed to determine the seroprevalence of antibodies to crude salivary gland extracts (SGEs) from culicine mosquitoes (Aedes aegypti [Linnaeus, 1762], Ae. albopictus [Skuse, 1895] and Culex quinquefasciatus [Say, 1823]) and compare individual titres between macaque species/national parks (33, Macaca arctoides [I. Geoffroy Saint‐Hilaire, 1831] [Primates: Cercopithecidae] from Kaeng Krachan, 23 M. leonina leonina [Blyth, 1863] [Primates: Cercopithecidae] from Khao Yai and four M. fascicularis [Raffles, 1821] [Primates: Cercopithecidae] from Mu Ko Ranong). The anti‐mosquito SGE antibodies found in 60 macaques from three national parks indicate varying levels of host‐vector exposure. Macaque antibody titres were high against culicine mosquitoes. However, the significant difference among national parks (or macaque species) was only observed against Cx. quinquefasciatus. Correlation analysis of titres between Aedes SGE and arboviruses revealed a significantly more intense immune response against Ae. albopictus in DENV3‐positive M. arctoides. Current findings support the concept of salivary biomarkers using accessible SGE, available from mosquito colonies of interest. However, we observed cross‐reactivity between Aedes species because of crude SGE containing species‐shared proteins. Nevertheless, a potential risk of pathogen transmission is emphasised between national park visitors and macaques via mosquitoes as bridge vectors. This information contributes to preventive measures against mosquito bites, including those implemented in tourist areas.
The effect of swimmer position during prone ventilation on the onset of brachial plexus injury in the intensive care unit: A multiprofessional clinical study protocol
Authors: Binda Filippo , Gambazza Simone , Marelli Federica , Rossi Veronica , Galazzi Alessandro , Del Monaco Cesare , Vergari Maurizio , Ticozzelli Benedetta , Panigada Mauro , Grasselli Giacomo , Lusignani Maura , Laquintana Dario 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundProne positioning improves oxygenation in adults with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and has been extensively applied in intensive care units (ICU) during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Although some complications due to the manoeuvre are well known, brachial plexus injury after prone positioning is reported as a rare complication and the phenomenon could be either very rare or underestimated.AimThis study aimed to evaluate the effect of swimmer position during prone ventilation on the onset of brachial plexus injury in patients admitted to ICU for ARDS. The study will also evaluate the safety of prolonged prone positioning collecting data on any adverse events occurred.Study DesignA prospective, observational cohort study will be conducted in a tertiary level ICU in the metropolitan area of Milano (Italy) specialized in advanced treatment of patients with ARDS. This observational study will report clinical data on the electromyography (EMG) and the muscle strength assessment, including comorbidities and cardio‐respiratory status. A baseline EMG will be performed within 2 h from the first pronation manoeuvre and immediately at the end of each pronation cycle. The functional assessment of patients will be also performed at the end of ICU stay and at hospital discharge.ResultsThe primary outcome is to estimate the prevalence of brachial plexus injury in patients with ARDS placed in the swimmer position during prone ventilation. Secondary outcomes will also include the safety of the manoeuvre by evaluation of all adverse events classified as skin or ocular damage, loss of tube and vascular access and new pressure ulcers.Relevance to Clinical PracticeThe findings of this study will contribute to understand the possible benefits/harms of prone ventilation performed using swimmer position. Eventually, this will call for the development of specific and tailored rehabilitation programs for patients with upper limb injuries during ICU stay, including also timely follow‐up upon ICU‐discharge.
Transfusion‐Associated Graft‐Versus‐Host Disease in Pediatric Patients: Clinical Features and Outcomes
Authors: Araiza‐Atanacio Isabel , Sáez‐de‐Ocariz Marimar , Orozco‐Covarrubias Luz 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundTransfusion‐associated graft‐versus‐host disease (TA‐GVHD) is a rare, usually fatal complication of blood transfusion.ObjectiveTo describe the characteristics of TA‐GVHD in children.MethodsThe clinical records of pediatric patients diagnosed with TA‐GVHD between January 2007 and December 2021 were reviewed.ResultsWe analyzed 94 clinical records of pediatric patients (0–18 years) with a diagnosis of GVHD, of whom 6 (6.38%) were associated with TA‐GVHD; both genders being equally affected. The median age at diagnosis of the underlying disorder was 9 years, 1 month (range 2 months–15 years, 3 months); the median age at diagnosis of TA‐GVHD was 9 years, 5.5 months (range 1 year, 7 months–15 years, 7 months). There were 27 grafts; 8 were irradiated and 12 were filtered. All patients presented with Stage 3 cutaneous TA‐GVHD and histopathological Grade 2. All cases corresponded to classic acute TA‐GVHD with global clinical Grade I–II. Mortality rate was 67%. The median follow‐up of our patients was 2 years and 2 months (range 4 months–3 years, 4 months).ConclusionsTA‐GVHD, although less frequently encountered than in previous years, is still a concern. Early suspicion of TA‐GVHD is mandatory due to its high mortality rates and rapid progression. Prevention by using irradiated blood products is the sole effective measure against this condition. Failing to identify and preempt TA‐GVHD not only jeopardizes patient survival but also underscores the critical importance of vigilant monitoring and proactive intervention in at‐risk patients.
The Effect of Different Concentrations of Melatonin on the Quality of Frozen and Thawed Semen of Jamnapari Goat
Authors: Alam Kabir , Srivastava Sushant , Verma Sanjeev Kumar , Verma Abhishek Kumar , Saurabh  , Kumar Rajesh , Kumar Rabindra , Jaiswal Ankit , Alam Azeer , Rana Tanmoy 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTAntioxidants help safeguard sperm cells from damage during the freeze–thaw process. Melatonin and its metabolites have an antioxidative effect. The current study aimed to evaluate the impact of melatonin supplementation in tris‐based extenders at various concentrations (0.5, 1.0 and 2 mM) on the freezability of Jamnapari goat spermatozoa. A total of 48 ejaculates were collected twice a week from four Jamnapari bucks (n = 12 × 4) using an artificial vagina during the period of October to November 2023. Selected ejaculates diluted with tris‐citric acid egg yolk extender were divided into four equal aliquots, and melatonin (dissolved in 0.1% dimethyl sulfoxide) was added later at 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 mM to the control group (C) (extender and 0.1% DMSO) and treatment groups T1, T2 and T3, respectively. Various seminal attributes such as progressive motility, livability, acrosomal integrity, sperm abnormalities, sperm plasma membrane integrity, sperm penetration distance by vanguard spermatozoa in polyacrylamide gel and seminal plasma enzyme leakage (AST, ALT, ACP and AKP) were evaluated at post‐dilution and post‐thawed stages. Our findings revealed that all semen quality parameters were superior in melatonin‐treated groups than the C, and the differences were noticeably higher in the T2 group (1.0 mM) than the other groups. Adding 1.0 mM melatonin proved to be the most effective to safeguard sperm cells from cryopreservation induced cryodamage of Jamnapari buck.
6‐Gingerol and Astaxanthin Mitigate the Effects of Stearic Acid in Pig Oocyte Maturation
Authors: Saeed Hussain Ahmad , Sabir Rabia , Lu Xinyue , Jiang Yuan , Koutonin Bienvenu Odjoubire Mahougnon , Wang Dayu , Fu Yangfeng , Jia Chao , Li Juan 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTElevated non‐esterified fatty acids (NEFAs), particularly stearic acid (SA), have a deleterious effect on oocyte maturation, leading to developmental damage and reproductive issues. High SA levels disrupt metabolic processes, inducing lipotoxicity that impairs oocyte quality and contributes to reproductive failures through early embryonic losses. This research investigates the lipotoxic effects of SA and assesses the protective potential of 6‐Gingerol (6‐G) and Astaxanthin (AX) on porcine oocytes during in vitro maturation (IVM). Herein, 6100 cumulus‐oocyte complexes (COCs) were exposed to various concentrations of SA (25–250 μM) to elucidate the concentration‐dependent effect on oocyte viability, polar body extrusion (PBE) and cumulus cell expansion index (CCEI). However, the efficacy of 6‐G (5–15 μM) and AX (2.5 μM) in combination with SA at 150 μM (SA6) concentration was evaluated to mitigate these adverse effects. The results indicated that SA6 substantially reduced oocyte viability, PBE and CCEI, demonstrating its toxic impact on oocyte developmental competence (p < 0.0001). Moreover, treatment with antioxidants such as SA6 + 6‐G (10 μM) and SA6 + AX showed a considerable increase in viability and PBE compared to SA6 alone (p < 0.05). These findings demonstrate the importance of lipid metabolism in oocyte health, where dysregulation impairs reproductive capacity. Both 6‐G and AX protected against lipotoxicity induced by SA6 while enhancing lipid homeostasis and the anti‐oxidative defences necessary for maintaining cellular integrity. This study finds substantial evidence that optimising the microenvironment with specific antioxidants can improve oocyte quality and provide invaluable knowledge in reproductive technologies and fertility treatments.
The HLA‐B*40:523 Allele Identified in a Volunteer Donor for Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant
Authors: Baek In‐Cheol , Choi Eun‐Jeong , Kim Hyoung‐Jae , Choi Haeyoun , Chung Yeun‐Jun 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTHLA‐B*40:523 differs from HLA‐B*40:92 in codon 167 in exon 3.
The HLA‐B*51:377N Allele Identified in a Volunteer Donor for Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant
Authors: Baek In‐Cheol , Choi Eun‐Jeong , Kim Hyoung‐Jae , Choi Haeyoun , Chung Yeun‐Jun 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTHLA‐B*51:377N differs from HLA‐B*51:01:01:01 in codon 13 in exon 2.
The HLA‐B*37:107 Allele Identified in a Volunteer Donor for Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant
Authors: Baek In‐Cheol , Choi Eun‐Jeong , Kim Hyoung‐Jae , Choi Haeyoun , Chung Yeun‐Jun 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTHLA‐B*37:107 differs from HLA‐B*37:01:01:01 in codon 25 in exon 2.
Moral Association Graph: A Cognitive Model for Automated Moral Inference
Authors: Ramezani Aida , Xu Yang 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAutomated moral inference is an emerging topic of critical importance in artificial intelligence. The contemporary approach typically relies on language models to infer moral relevance or moral properties of a concept. This approach demands complex parameterization and costly computation, and it tends to disconnect with existing psychological accounts of moralization. We present a simple cognitive model for moral inference, Moral Association Graph (MAG), inspired by psychological work on moralization. Our model builds on word association network for inferring moral relevance and draws on rich psychological data. We demonstrate that MAG performs competitively to state‐of‐the‐art language models when evaluated against a comprehensive set of data for automated inference of moral norms and moral judgment of concepts, and in‐context moral inference. We also show that our model yields interpretable outputs and is applicable to informing short‐term moral change.
Digital animal deathscapes: The online circulation of animals killed for conservation
Authors: Palmer Alexandra 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis paper brings together animals, death, and digital geographies to examine the sharing of dead animal imagery on social media by conservationists in Aotearoa New Zealand (NZ). It is particularly concerned with two key questions: (1) Why (and how) do dead animals attract support for conservation? (2) How are personal feelings about animal death navigated in the public space of social media? In answering these questions, this paper extends geographical research on animals' affective allures (including online) beyond the realm of the living, and contributes to ongoing conversations around how to live with ‘unwanted others’. I draw on interviews with the leaders of conservation groups about whether, when, and why they post images of dead animals and kill counts, which I collectively refer to as ‘death media’. I show that because some viewers (at times disparaged as ‘precious’) were expected to respond with physical and/or moral disgust, conservationists typically only share death on ‘mainstream’ platforms if it is sufficiently sanitised or incorporated into positive narratives—though more commonly, death is absent from these platforms. Other audiences, particularly volunteer trappers, were described as ‘pragmatic’ or ‘bloodthirsty’; death was shared with these audiences to cultivate affects of hope and solidarity, in a context where killing can affectively feel like success. Yet even those comfortable with both killing and viewing death media at times expressed regret and sadness at the deaths of pests; they simply avoid sharing these feelings online. Death media thus perpetuate the public un‐grievability of ‘pests’, despite indications that even those who do the work of killing may experience sadness privately. I conclude by asking: what would be needed for pests killed for conservation to become grievable online, and how could doing so change relationships between humans and ‘pest’ animals?
Exports and foreign direct investment in the presence of downside risk
Authors: Khotamov Navruz 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis study analyses the impact of downside risk on the flow of exports, foreign direct investment (FDI), and their joint pattern. Existing studies in this field have not considered the effects of risk asymmetry or downside risk because they describe risk only by variance; therefore, this study attempts to fill this gap. Downside risk is measured by the semi‐deviations of demand shocks and relates to country demand in the destination market. Using a panel of bilateral industry‐level data on trade and affiliate sales, and a panel of bilateral country‐level data on exports and FDI for many home and destination countries, I find that downside deviations of demand shocks affect the flows of exports, FDI, and their joint pattern. By focusing on downside risk, I present novel results. The results show that downside risk explains significant variation in the flow of exports, FDI, and in the proximity‐concentration tradeoff. Additionally, by conducting joint estimations of variance and semi‐deviations, I show that negative effects of demand risk are mostly due to the downside risk, and that downside volatility is more appropriate than the total volatility captured by the variance.
Inovação Regulatória na Transição Energética: Cientificidade do Direito e Políticas Públicas
Authors: Mendonça Samuel , Francisco Nagao Menezes Daniel , Pereira da Silva Luiz Carlos , González Rivera Tatiana Vanessa 
Published: November 2024

RESUMO: A carta editorial apresenta o tema da inovação regulatória na transição energética no contexto do dossiê intitulado: Direito, Sustentabilidade e Inovação Regulatória: impactos da Transição Energética. Analisa o Direito, de forma breve, em duas perspectivas, quais sejam, na sua cientificidade e na dimensão das políticas públicas. Considera as fragilidades da ciência jurídica e sublinha a dimensão crítica como exemplar do campo. Avança na afirmação das políticas públicas como alternativas à promoção da dignidade humana e da justiça social. Por meio do método analítico, avalia distintos textos e reafirma o sentido do campo jurídico como essencial para a resolução de problemas na sociedade. Apresenta os textos do dossiê de forma breve, enfatizando a dimensão crítica dos autores e enfatizando a afirmação da justiça social.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Direito; Inovação regulatória; Políticas Públicas; Transição energética
Group B streptococcal infections in pregnancy and early life
Authors: Manuel Gygeria , Twentyman Joy , Noble Kristen , Eastman Alison J. , Aronoff David M. , Seepersaud Ravin , Rajagopal Lakshmi , Adams Waldorf Kristina M. 
Published: November 2024

SUMMARY

Bacterial infections with Group B
Streptococcus
(GBS) are an important cause of adverse outcomes in pregnant individuals, neonates, and infants. GBS is a common commensal in the genitourinary and gastrointestinal tracts and can be detected in the vagina of approximately 20% of women globally. GBS can infect the fetus either during pregnancy or vaginal delivery resulting in preterm birth, stillbirth, or early-onset neonatal disease (EOD) in the first week of life. The mother can also become infected with GBS leading to postpartum endometritis, and rarely, maternal sepsis. An invasive GBS infection of the neonate may present after the first week of life (late-onset disease, LOD) through transmission from caregivers, breast milk, and other sources. Invasive GBS infections in neonates can result in sepsis, pneumonia, meningitis, neurodevelopmental impairment, death, and lifelong disability. A policy of routine screening for GBS rectovaginal colonization in well-resourced countries can trigger the administration of intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis (IAP) when prenatal testing is positive, which drastically reduces rates of EOD. However, many countries do not routinely screen pregnant women for GBS colonization but may administer IAP in cases with a high risk of EOD. IAP does not reduce rates of LOD. A global vaccination campaign is needed to reduce the significant burden of invasive GBS disease that remains among infants and pregnant individuals. In this narrative review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the global impact of GBS colonization and infection, virulence factors and pathogenesis, and current and future prophylactics and therapeutics.
Testing Forecast Rationality for Measures of Central Tendency
Authors: Dimitriadis Timo , Patton Andrew J. , Schmidt Patrick W. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Rational respondents to economic surveys may report as a point forecast any measure of the central tendency of their predictive distribution, e.g. the mean, median, or mode. We propose tests of forecast rationality when the measure used by the respondent is unknown. We overcome an identification problem that arises when the centrality measures are in a local neighborhood of each other, as is the case for approximately symmetric distributions. We apply our tests to income forecasts from the FRBNY's Survey of Consumer Expectations. We find these forecasts are rationalizable as mode forecasts, but not as mean or median forecasts.
Sorting and Wage Premiums in Immoral Work
Authors: Schneider Florian H. , Brun Fanny , Weber Roberto A. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We use surveys, laboratory experiments and administrative data to study how heterogeneity in the perceived immorality of work and in workers' aversion to acting immorally impact labor market outcomes. Immoral work is associated with higher wages, both in administrative data and in causal experimental evidence. Individuals more willing to engage in immoral conduct find employment in firms and industries perceived as immoral less aversive and have higher employment rates in immoral work in the laboratory. These phenomena appear to be driven by impure social motives, reflecting a desire not to be involved with immoral work, rather than by consequentialist concerns.