bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rational Design of a Carbon‐Boron Frustrated Lewis Pair for Metal‐free Dinitrogen Activation
Authors: Zhu Jun 
Published: February 2019

AbstractMolecular nitrogen (N2) is abundant in the atmosphere and, found in many biomolecules, an essential element of life. The Haber–Bosch process, developed over 100 years ago, requires relatively harsh conditions to activate N2 on the iron surface and generate ammonia for use as fertilizer or to produce other chemicals, leading to consumption of more than 2 % of the world's annual energy supply. Thus, developing “green” approaches for N2 activation under mild conditions is particularly important and urgent. Here we demonstrate that a metal‐free N2 activation could be favorable both thermodynamically and kinetically (with an activation energy as low as 9.1 kcal mol−1) by using a carbon‐boron formal frustrated Lewis pair, which is supported by high‐level coupled cluster calculations. Mechanistic studies reveal that aromaticity plays a crucial role in stabilizing both the transition state and the product. Our findings highlight the importance of a combination of an N‐heterocyclic carbene with a methyleneborane unit in metal‐free N2 activation, providing conceptual guidance for experimental realization.
Exploring the contributions and suitability of relational and community‐centered fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) prevention work in First Nation communities
Authors: Pei Jacqueline , Carlson Elizabeth , Tremblay Melissa , Poth Cheryl 
Published: February 2019

BackgroundThis study provides initial evidence of the contributions and suitability of relational, trauma‐informed, and community‐based approaches for programs aimed at the prevention of future alcohol‐and drug‐exposed births. Specifically, this study extends understanding of the experiences of mentors providing evidence‐based 3‐year home visitation services through the Parent–Child Assistance Program (PCAP) in rural and isolated First Nation communities in Alberta, Canada.MethodsUsing a participatory approach to this research project, we explored existing PCAP services to capture implementation across six rural and isolated Alberta fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) networks involving First Nation communities over an 8‐month period. In total, we generated qualitative data with 35 participants to examine mentors' perceptions of the impacts and suitability of a relational, trauma‐informed, and community‐based approach to service delivery.ResultsSix major themes were revealed from the thematic analysis as key mechanisms of culturally responsive program delivery across the six FASD networks.ConclusionsRelational, trauma‐informed, and community‐centered FASD prevention programming was perceived to have positive impacts and be well suited for use within Indigenous communities, and allow for service delivery to be locally and culturally responsive.
Sentinel lymph node biopsy in microinvasive ductal carcinomain situ
Authors: Magnoni F , Massari G , Santomauro G , Bagnardi V , Pagan E , Peruzzotti G , Galimberti V , Veronesi P , Sacchini V S 
Published: February 2019

AbstractBackgroundMicroinvasive breast cancer is an uncommon pathological entity. Owing to the rarity of this condition, its surgical axillary management and overall prognosis remain controversial.MethodsA database was analysed to identify patients with microinvasive ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) who had surgery for invasive breast cancer at the European Institute of Oncology, Milan, between 1998 and 2010. Women who had undergone axillary staging by sentinel lymph node biopsy were included in the study.ResultsOf 257 women with microinvasive breast cancer who underwent sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB), 226 (87·9 per cent) had negative sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) and 31 had metastatic SLNs. Twelve patients had isolated tumour cells (ITCs), 14 had micrometastases and five had macrometastases in sentinel nodes. Axillary lymph node dissection was performed in 16 of the 31 patients with positive SLNs. After a median follow-up of 11 years, only one regional first event was observed in the 15 patients with positive SLNs who did not undergo axillary lymph node dissection. There were no regional first events in the 16 patients with positive SLNs who had axillary dissection.ConclusionGood disease-free and overall survival were found in women with positive SLNs and microinvasive DCIS. This study is in line with studies showing that SLNB in microinvasive DCIS may not be useful, and supports the evidence that less surgery can provide the same level of overall survival with better quality of life.
An innovative bioanalytical research project course to train undergraduate students on liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry
Authors: Alneyadi Aysha , Shah Iltaf , Ashraf Syed Salman 
Published: February 2019

AbstractActive‐learning strategies such as undergraduate research courses and course‐based undergraduate research experiences (CUREs), which engage students in the practical experiments, have been reported as efficient ways for effective teaching and training of graduating students. Recently, many practical examples have been published in various fields to develop critical skills needed by undergraduate students for graduate school or the workforce; however, very few examples have been published for bioanalytical topics, specifically, Liquid Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (LC–MS–MS). Herein, we describe an innovative undergraduate research course that was used to train well‐prepared graduating seniors on LC–MS–MS and in developing a sensitive method for detecting vitamin B9 (folic acid) levels in different milk samples. During this semester‐long exercise, the students were exposed to literature review, basic UV–Vis spectroscopy, and HPLC and LC–MS–MS techniques. Additionally, as part of this laboratory‐based research course, they researched published approaches on analyzing folic acid in food samples and devised a method to extract and quantify folic acid levels in different brands of milk using LC–MS–MS instruments. Feedback from students and faculty members was very positive as the students felt that this opportunity helped them to become more comfortable using HPLC and LC–MS–MS instruments and felt empowered to answer real‐life analytical problems. This laboratory‐based undergraduate research course can also be modified and used as an advanced bioanalytical laboratory exercise in biochemistry or analytical chemistry courses. © 2019 International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 47(3):228–238, 2019.
Beta oscillations in the sensorimotor cortex correlate with disease and remission in benign epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes
Authors: Song Dan Y. , Stoyell Sally M. , Ross Erin E. , Ostrowski Lauren M. , Thorn Emily L. , Stufflebeam Steven M. , Morgan Amy K. , Emerton Britt C. , Kramer Mark A. , Chu Catherine J. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractIntroductionBenign epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes (BECTS) is a common form of childhood epilepsy with the majority of those afflicted remitting during their early teenage years. Seizures arise from the lower half of the sensorimotor cortex of the brain (e.g. seizure onset zone) and the abnormal epileptiform discharges observed increase during NREM sleep. To date no clinical factors reliably predict disease course, making determination of ongoing seizure risk a significant challenge. Prior work in BECTS have shown abnormalities in beta band (14.9–30 Hz) oscillations during movement and rest. Oscillations in this frequency band are modulated by state of consciousness and thought to reflect intrinsic inhibitory mechanisms.MethodsWe used high density EEG and source localization techniques to examine beta band activity in the seizure onset zone (sensorimotor cortex) in a prospective cohort of children with BECTS and healthy controls during sleep. We hypothesized that beta power in the sensorimotor cortex would be different between patients and healthy controls, and that beta abnormalities would improve with resolution of disease in this self‐limited epilepsy syndrome. We further explored the specificity of our findings and correlation with clinical features. Statistical testing was performed using logistic and standard linear regression models.ResultsWe found that beta band power in the seizure onset zone is different between healthy controls and BECTS patients. We also found that a longer duration of time spent seizure‐free (corresponding to disease remission) correlates with lower beta power in the seizure onset zone. Exploratory spatial analysis suggests this effect is not restricted to the sensorimotor cortex. Exploratory frequency analysis suggests that this phenomenon is also observed in alpha and gamma range activity. We found no relationship between beta power and the presence or rate of epileptiform discharges in the sensorimotor cortex or a test of sensorimotor performance.ConclusionThese results provide evidence that cortical beta power in the seizure onset zone may provide a dynamic physiological biomarker of disease in BECTS.
Serum level of soluble interleukin‐2 receptor is positively correlated with metabolic tumor volume on 18F‐FDG PET/CT in newly diagnosed patients with diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma
Authors: Senjo Hajime , Kanaya Minoru , Izumiyama Koh , Minauchi Koichiro , Hirata Kenji , Mori Akio , Saito Makoto , Tanaka Masanori , Iijima Hiroaki , Tsukamoto Eriko , Itoh Kazuo , Ota Shuichi , Morioka Masanobu , Hashimoto Daigo , Teshima Takanori ,   North Japan Hematology Study Group (NJHSG)
Published: February 2019

AbstractDiffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most frequent subtype of non‐Hodgkin lymphoma. High total metabolic tumor volume (TMTV) calculated using 18F‐FDG PET/CT images at diagnosis predicts poor prognosis of patients with DLBCL. However, high cost and poor access to the imaging facilities hamper wider use of 18F‐FDG PET/CT. In order to explore a surrogate marker for TMTV, we evaluated the correlation between the serum levels of soluble interleukin‐2 receptor (sIL‐2R) and TMTV in 64 patients with DLBCL, and the results were verified in an independent validation cohort of 86 patients. Serum levels of sIL‐2R were significantly correlated with TMTV. ROC analysis revealed that the cutoff value of TMTV ≥150 cm3 or sIL‐2R ≥ 1300 U/mL could predict failure to achieve EFS24 with areas under the curve (AUC) 0.706 and 0.758, respectively. Each of TMTV ≥150 cm3 and sIL‐2R ≥1300 U/mL was significantly associated with worse 5‐year overall survival and event‐free survival. Importantly, each of sIL‐2R <1300 U/mL or TMTV <150 cm3 identified patients with favorable prognosis among NCCN‐IPI high‐intermediate and high‐risk group. Serum level of sIL‐2R represents a convenient surrogate marker to estimate metabolic tumor burden measured by 18F‐FDG PET/CT that can predict treatment outcomes of patients with DLBCL.
Impact on immigrant screening adherence with introduction of a population‐based colon screening program in Ontario, Canada
Authors: Moustaqim‐Barrette Amina , Spinelli John J. , Kazanjian Arminée , Dummer Trevor J.B. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractIntroductionThe literature suggests that differential colorectal cancer (CRC) screening adherence exists between Canada’s immigrant and nonimmigrant populations. This study explores the impact of Ontario’s population screening program, ColonCancerCheck, on CRC screening uptake in immigrant and nonimmigrant population groups.MethodsData from 2005, 2007‐2008, and 2011‐2012 was obtained from the Canadian Community Health Survey, to represent the intervention periods (the time periods before, during, and after implementation of the ColonCancerCheck intervention). Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine the effect of immigration status on the risk of nonadherence to guideline‐recommended CRC screening, and an interaction analysis was performed to determine whether the screening differential between immigrant and nonimmigrant populations changed upon introduction of the ColonCancerCheck program.ResultsRecent and long‐term immigrants were both at increased risk of CRC screening nonadherence compared to the Canadian‐born population (OR 3.73 (CI 2.25‐6.18) and OR 1.24 (CI 1.13‐1.36), respectively). While not statistically significant, there was an attenuation of the risk of nonadherence to screening for recent immigrants compared with Canadian‐born individuals after the implementation of the ColonCancerCheck program.ConclusionsThis study provides evidence of a screening differential between immigrants and nonimmigrants, and suggests that the implementation of the ColonCancerCheck screening program in Ontario may have increased colon screening uptake amongst recent immigrants. Further studies are needed to address the factors leading to inequities in immigrant CRC screening adherence.
Poor prognostic and staging value of tumor deposit in locally advanced rectal cancer with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy
Authors: Wang Yaqi , Zhang Jing , Zhou Menglong , Yang Lifeng , Wan Juefeng , Shen Lijun , Liang Liping , Yao Ye , Zhang Hui , Zhang Zhen 
Published: February 2019

AbstractTumor deposit (TD) was associated with poor survival in colorectal cancer. However, its prognostic and staging value in locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) patients following neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (neo‐CRT) is controversial. Four hundred and ninety‐five LARC patients following neo‐CRT and surgery were retrospectively analyzed. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed using Kaplan‐Meier method and Cox proportional hazards regression in all lymph node (LN) ‐negative and LN‐positive patients. Next, we used three methods to classify the counts of LNs and TDs (oN, only LN counts; n1N, counts according to the N1c standards; n2N, total counts of LNs and TDs) to evaluate the impact of TD on N staging. TD‐positive patients were associated with more aggressive clinicopathological features. In multivariate analyses, TD was an independent poor prognostic factor of overall survival (OS), disease‐free survival (DFS), and local recurrence‐free survival in all patients. In LN‐negative patients, TD was an independent poor prognostic factor of OS, DFS and distant metastasis‐free survival (DMFS). In LN‐positive patients, TD has poor prognostic value only in patients with one positive LN. Three multivariate analyses according to three N staging methods showed that oN was not an independent prognostic factor, whereas n1N and n2N were independently associated with poor survival in OS, DFS and DMFS. The n2N method seemed to be better than n1N method. TD is an independent poor prognostic factor in LARC patients following neo‐CRT, especially in patients with no more than one positive LN. TD probably should be considered as one positive LN when performing N staging.
Treatment of rotablation‐induced ostial left circumflex perforation by papyrus covered stent and its fenestration to recover the left anterior descending artery during CHIP procedure
Authors: Adusumalli Srikanth , Gaikwad Niranjan , Raffel Chris , Dautov Rustem 
Published: February 2019

AbstractCoronary artery perforation is a rare complication of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Covered stents have been successfully used in these situations. We report a case of ostial left circumflex (LCx) artery perforation during rotablation PCI of left main coronary artery (LMCA) and LCx artery. After failed attempts to balloon tamponade the perforation, a PK Papyrus covered stent was deployed from proximal LCx into LMCA. This resulted in acute exclusion of the left anterior descending (LAD) artery from coronary circulation. Using a dual lumen catheter, a stiff wire was advanced through the side port toward the occluded LAD to fenestrate the membrane of the covered stent. A series of balloons were used to dilate the fenestration in the covered stent to restore a normal flow into the LAD.
Hydraulic stimulation of carotid artery baroreceptors as a likely cause of transient asystolic cardiac arrest during diagnostic angiography or surgical endarterectomy
Authors: Welch Tasha L. , Law Luke A. , Lanzino Giuseppe , Lanier William L. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractWe describe two patients—both who underwent general anesthesia—in whom we theorize that hydraulic pressure on carotid artery baroreceptors resulted in transient asystolic cardiac arrest (TACA) during diagnostic or therapeutic procedures. Patient #1 was a 58‐year‐old female who experienced TACA in response to rapid injection of radiocontrast material into the carotid artery during diagnostic cerebral angiography. Her history was remarkable for aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage at least 13 hr prior to angiography, radiographic evidence of intracranial hypertension, and baseline bradycardia, collectively suggestive of increases in baseline vagal tone. Potentially contributing to TACA, the patient had a 90° curve in the internal carotid artery, just distal to the carotid bifurcation and tip of the angiography catheter, that likely diminished runoff of injected contrast solution and, in turn, would have exacerbated any intracarotid pressure increases in response to injection. There was no evidence of increased baseline vagal tone in Patient #2, a 79‐year‐old female having carotid endarterectomy surgery. She experienced TACA immediately after full release of an occlusive clamp on the common carotid artery proximal to the now closed carotid arteriotomy, but while the internal carotid was still occluded. Of note, the carotid artery baroreceptors were not treated with local anesthetic in these patients, thus they should have retained much of their normal function. We describe the possible pathomechanisms involved in TACA in these patients, measures to diminish the likelihood of the phenomenon occurring in future patients, and methods for treating the asystole.
Percutaneous treatment of mitral regurgitation in patients with impaired ventricular function: Impact of intracardiac electronic devices (from the German Transcatheter Mitral Valve Interventions Registry)
Authors: D'Ancona Giuseppe , Ince Hüseyin , Schillinger Wolfgang , Senges Jochen , Ouarrak Taoufik , Butter Christian , Seifert Martin , Schau Thomas , Lubos Edith , Boekstegers Peter , von Bardeleben Ralph Stephan , Safak Erdal 
Published: February 2019

AbstractObjectivesTo identify prevalence/impact of previous implantation of cardiac electronic devices (CEDs), such as cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) and cardiac resynchronization (CRT), in a group of MitraClip (MC) candidates with LVEF < 30%.BackgroundMC therapy is nowadays often considered in patients with depressed left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF%) and symptomatic severe secondary MR.MethodsData from the German Transcatheter Mitral Valve Interventions (TRAMIs) registry were analyzed. Patients with pre‐procedural LVEF <30% were selected and divided according to the presence of CEDs. Pre‐procedural, peri‐procedural, and 1‐year follow‐up data were analyzed.ResultsOut of 689 MC patients, 235 had LVEF<30%. Of these, 23% (54/235) had CRT, 36.6% (86/235) ICD, and 40.4% (95/235) had no CEDs. Risk profile was similar (median STS score CRT 6.0 (IQR: 3.0–12.0); ICD 7.0 (IQR: 4.0–12.0); No‐CED 6.5 (IQR: 2.0–10.0); p = 0.8). No procedural mortality was observed and hospital mortality was 5.6% in CRT, 2.3% in ICD, and 3.2% in No‐CED (p = 0.5). At discharge, severe MV regurgitation was reported in 3.8% of CRT, 3.7% of ICD, and 1.1% of No‐CED (p = 0.9). One year estimated survival (CRT 75.7%; ICD 75.8%; No‐CED 78%; p = 0.94) and freedom from MACCE (CRT 73.6%; ICD 75.8%; No‐CED 74.5%; p = 0.88) were similar.ConclusionsA third of patients have been already submitted to CEDs implantation at time of referral for MC therapy and 40% of those with severely depressed LVEF% arrive to MC therapy before ICD/CRT implantation. The presence of CED does not impair acute MC therapy success. Mid‐term follow‐up outcomes are similar in patients with and without CEDs.
Catheter based treatments for fibrosing mediastinitis
Authors: Fender Erin A. , Widmer R. Jay , Knavel Koepsel Erica M. , Welby John P. , Kern Ryan , Peikert Tobias , Bjarnason Haraldur , Holmes David R. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractFibrosing mediastinitis is a rare, often debilitating and potentially lethal disease characterized by an exuberant fibroinflammatory response within the mediastinum. Patients typically present with insidious symptoms related to compression of adjacent structures including the esophagus, heart, airways, and cardiac vessels. Fibrosing mediastinitis is most often triggered by Histoplasmosis infection; however, antifungal and anti‐inflammatory therapies are largely ineffective. While structural interventions aimed at alleviating obstruction can provide significant palliation, surgical interventions are challenging with high mortality and clinical experience with percutaneous interventions is limited. Here, we will review the presentation, natural history, and treatment of fibrosing mediastinitis, placing particular emphasis on catheter‐based therapies.
Quality of wheat flour and pan bread as influenced by the tempering time and milling system
Authors: Abo‐Dief Mohammed , Abo‐Bakr Taisser , Youssef Mohammed , Moustafa Ayat 
Published: February 2019

AbstractBackground and objectivesThe effect of the tempering time and milling system (normal vs. hard) on the quality of wheat flour and pan bread was investigated for Australian and Russian wheat. Tempering was carried out for 12, 24, and 36 hr. Tempered kernels were milled by a system controlled by a Bühler automatic programmable logic controller.FindingsHard milling resulted in a significantly (p ≤ 0.05) higher extraction rate, ash content, and milling efficiency index than normal milling. Normal milling resulted in a significantly higher (p ≤ 0.05) gluten index (99.20–99.65). The amount of damaged starch in the two wheat cultivars was increased significantly (p ≤ 0.05) by hard milling. The highest stability times (18.5 and 7 min) were observed for normal milled Australian and Russian wheat tempered for 36 and 24 hr, respectively. Alveograph data illustrated the superiority of Australian over Russian wheat flour.ConclusionsTo produce high‐quality flour and consequently highly acceptable pan bread, kernels of Australian and Russian wheat should be tempered for 12 and 24 hr, respectively. Normal milling was superior to hard milling for both Australian and Russian wheat.Significance and noveltyOptimization of the tempering time and milling system for wheat kernels on a large scale.
Clinical practice of personalized prophylaxis in hemophilia: Illustrations of experiences and benefits from two continents
Authors: Jackson Shannon , Santoro Cristina , Gue Deborah , Ferretti Antonietta , Gaglioti Domenico , Squire Sandra , Mazzucconi Maria Gabriella , Hermans Cedric 
Published: February 2019

Key Clinical MessageThese cases of people with hemophilia (PWH) illustrate the importance of understanding the patient's expectations and desires and adapting treatment to meet these needs, in addition to traditional clinical targets. Population PK modeling and FVIII products with improved PK profiles provide the opportunity to individualize care and improve long‐term outcomes.
A case of palisaded neutrophilic granulomatous dermatitis with subsequent development of chronic myelomonocytic leukemia
Authors: Kyriakou Aikaterini , Patsatsi Aikaterini , Papadopoulos Vassilios , Kioumi Anna , Efstratiou Ioannis , Lazaridou Elizabeth 
Published: February 2019

Key Clinical MessagePalisaded neutrophilic granulomatous dermatitis is a cutaneous marker of a systemic disease. Clinicians’ goal should be directed toward determining an underlying condition. Even if the initial investigation is inconclusive, it may be necessary that some tests are repeated, since a serious underlying disease could be revealed in the course of time.