bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Rolling Stone: Migration of an Intrauterine Device Leading to Bladder Stone Formation Nine Years after Insertion: A Case Report
Authors: Malki Elie G. , Sbeih Dina , Bael Peter , Alsarabta Haitham , Alzawahra Ahmad 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

BackgroundIntrauterine devices are safe, affordable, convenient, and the most common form of contraception used by females of childbearing age. A rare complication of intrauterine devices is migration to nearby structures, rarely the urinary bladder, leading to bladder stone formation.Case PresentationA 34-year-old female patient presented due to repeated urinary tract infections and flank pain associated with lower urinary tract symptoms, including dysuria, frequency, and gross hematuria. Subsequent laboratory tests revealed a past medical history of iron-deficiency anemia. Urinalysis revealed hematuria and pyuria, and the urine culture confirmed colonization ofEscherichia coli. Computed tomography revealed an irregularly shaped 5.5 cm hyperdense, suspicious-looking stone in the urinary bladder. Open cystolithotomy was done to extract the stone, which was later incidentally revealed to be a stone formed around a migrated intrauterine device.ConclusionsThe case highlights the rare potential of intrauterine devices to migrate to the urinary bladder and lead to stone formation, which, in this case, was discovered nine years after intrauterine device insertion. The perforation was due to delayed inflammatory migration from the uterine cavity to the urinary bladder lumen. This case emphasizes the need to educate the patient after intrauterine device placement and increase patient and physician awareness to recognize the warning signs of intrauterine device migration.
Pb2+ boost peroxidase-like activity of Cu,Fe-TA nanozyme coupled with dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction for selective detection of zearalenone in food samples
Authors: Zhao Xiaorong , Li Jitao , Zhong Zitao , Yang Dezhi , Yang Yaling 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

In this paper, a Fe,Cu-based tannic acid (TA) nanozymes (Cu,Fe-TA) with peroxidase-like (POD-like) activity had been successfully prepared via a formaldehyde-assistant metal-ligand crosslinking strategy. Cu,Fe-TA showed stronger POD-like catalytic activity compared with single Cu-TA and Fe-TA nanozyme. This result indicated that Cu and Fe atoms synergistically promote the enzymatic performance of the nanozymes. Intriguingly, Pb2+ could significantly enhance the POD-like activity of Cu,Fe-TA by accelerating the electron transfer between 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) and H2O2, and could also improve the conversion efficiency between Fe3+ and Fe2+ to promote the generation of hydroxyl radical (·OH). While zearalenone (ZEN) was added, POD-like activity of Cu,Fe-TA/Pb2+ system could be strongly hindered because of the formation of the more stable complex ZEN-Pb2+. Especially, for the complex sample of peanut oil, we combined the microextraction technique to separate and extract the ZEN, the high sensitivity and selectivity colorimetric detection of Pb2+ and ZEN were realized.
MRI-Based Quantitative Analysis of Placenta and Fetal Brain in Small-for-Gestational-Age Pregnancies: A Feasibility Study
Authors: Xia Bingqing , Jiang Ling , Qian Zhaoxia , Qu Feifei , Wu Jiangjie , Wei Hongjiang , Sun Taotao 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background: Small-for-gestational-age (SGA) pregnancy is often associated with impaired placental function, which would lead to neurodevelopmental deficits.
Objective: To utilize the geometric properties of cortical development for quantitative analysis of the relationship between impaired placental function and fetal brain development in pregnancies with small-for-gestational-age (SGA) fetuses.
Materials and methods: This retrospective study included 41 pregnant women with appropriate gestational age (range: 23-38.6 weeks) and 26 pregnant women with SGA pregnancies (range: 23.3-36.3 weeks). After the exclusion of 25 participants with normal fetal brain data but noticeable motor artifacts, 29 fetal brains from the normal group and 16 fetal brains from the SGA group were included in this analysis. Examinations were conducted using a 1.5 T magnetic resonance imaging system. Fetal brain cortical thickness and regional volume were calculated for each participant, according to a standardized anatomical atlas. Placental intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) imaging and T2* mapping were performed. IVIM parameters (perfusion fraction [FP], perfusion diffusivity coefficient [DP], and tissue diffusivity [D]) and T2* parameters were subsequently analyzed.
Results: FP and T2* values were significantly lower in SGA pregnancies than in the control group (p<0.05), indicating impaired placental growth. Nine regions of cortical thickness exhibited significant differences (p<0.05) between the normal and the SGA groups. In the control group, 30 of 86 brain regions (34.88%) exhibited moderate or strong correlations between cortical thickness and T2* values. Among these regions, 19 were in the right hemisphere, whereas 11 were in the left hemisphere.
Conclusion: Quantitative assessment of changes in placental function and fetal brain cortical thickness is feasible and may provide valuable pathophysiological insights.
Multivariate Analysis of Evaporation Drivers in Mbeya, Tanzania Using Principal Component Analysis
Authors: Katambara Zacharia 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Evaporation is a critical process in the hydrological cycle, contributing to approximately 70% of the water loss from Earth's surface. Understanding the drivers of evaporation, including meteorological factors like temperature, humidity, solar radiation, and wind speed, is essential for water resource management and agriculture. Traditional univariate models often oversimplify these interactions, but Principal Component Analysis (PCA) offers a powerful multivariate approach for analysing complex datasets. This study applies PCA to 10 years of meteorological data from Mbeya, Tanzania, including maximum and minimum temperature, wind speed, and solar radiation, to identify key factors influencing evaporation. The analysis highlights that solar radiation (mean = 17.60, SD = 6.01) and sunshine hours (mean = 6.96, SD = 2.87) are the most significant drivers, with strong positive loadings on Principal Component 1 (0.88 and 0.89, respectively). temperature also plays a crucial role, with maximum temperature (mean = 24.16, SD = 2.07) loading heavily on Principal Component 2 (0.75). Together, the first two components explain 60.32% of the total variance. The results demonstrate that PCA effectively reduces dimensionality, providing clearer insights into the dominant meteorological factors affecting evaporation. This dimensionality reduction not only simplifies complex relationships but also improves model predictions, making PCA a valuable tool in environmental studies.
Sodium arsenite altered the parameters of oxidative stress and induced carcinogenesis and neurotoxicity in Canton-S Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Oche Jane-Rose I. , Dabak Jonathan D. , Johnson Titilayo O. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Arsenite, an inorganic arsenic compound, is not only acutely toxic but also plays a role in carcinogenicity, neurotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, and inflammation. It can also lead to various skin disorders. Drosophila melanogaster, commonly known as the fruit fly, serves as a cost-effective and efficient model organism for studying chemical-induced toxicity. This study aimed to investigate the toxic effects of sodium arsenite using Drosophila melanogaster as a model. We exposed fruit flies to increasing doses of sodium arsenite (0.03 mM, 0.06 mM, 0.12 mM, and 0.14 mM) and assessed the impacts on survival rates; oxidative stress marker levels; gene expression; and histological changes in the brain, gastrointestinal tract, and fat body over 21 days. Additionally, we examined morphological changes. Our findings indicate that exposure to sodium arsenite significantly reduces survival rates and increases oxidative stress, leading to cellular damage similar to that observed in cancer and certain neurodegenerative diseases. Histological examinations revealed structural changes in the brain, suggesting potential pathways for neurotoxicity and alterations in enterocytes that may be indicative of cancer. Changes in the fat body imply compromised energy metabolism and fat storage. These results highlight Drosophila as a valuable model for studying the carcinogenicity, neurotoxicity, and ovotoxicity induced by sodium arsenite, thus facilitating the development of treatment and prevention strategies.
Uptake of ecosystem service concept in urban blue-green infrastructure planning and decision-making in Russia
Authors: Konstantinova Anastasia , Filyushkina Anna , Maximova Olga , Kerdivar Kristina , Gromova Aleksandra , Matasov Victor , Vasenev Viacheslav 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT

In the scientific community, ecosystem services (ESs) are well-recognized as a promising concept to more actively consider and plan for the multitude of benefits provided by the green environment and thus promote sustainable urban development. Yet, to have an impact on decision-making, the concept must spread from academia to practice. To understand to what extent ES have been adopted in practice and decision-making in Russia, we conducted a series of interviews and an online survey with both practitioners and scientists and complemented it by document analysis. Our results showed that ES are not adequately reflected in urban decision-making and planning processes. Moreover, we found no explicit references to ES in strategic urban planning and landscape development projects, although there are few implicit references in several reviewed documents. Among the identified challenges for better uptake of the concept in practice were many disagreements associated with the lack of a unified terminology, typology, and methods. Stakeholders understand the potential of applying ES valuation in practice, which includes a necessity to develop methodological materials and different tools based on real-life cases. Finally, a list of proposals on possible ways to better include ES in urban planning and in decision-making processes was formed by the respondents.
Design discharge estimation for small urban districts – an analytical approach
Authors: Lee Kwan Tun , Huang Pin-Chun , Yang Jing Zong , Chen Lo-Ya 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT

This paper presents a straightforward design discharge estimation procedure for small urban districts. In this approach, the configuration of the small urban district was simplified into either a rectangular porous overland plane or a V-shaped porous overland model. The Horton equation was used to estimate the infiltration on the overland planes, and the kinematic-wave approximation was applied for runoff simulations. In deriving the runoff equation, the Darcy–Weisbach coefficient was adopted to account for the influences of spatially various flow depths on overland flow resistance. The theoretical derivations were applied to a series of cases and verified by numerical models to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed method. The results showed that the design discharges obtained from the analytical equations are close to those simulated by the numerical model. The analysis procedure developed herein can provide a convenient way for engineers to conduct urban sewer designs.
Spatial inequality in water access in the US: case studies and solutions
Authors: Nagpal Tanvi , Bashar Rania , Gebremariam Reshet 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT
In addition to the 2.2 million Americans without safe water and sanitation in their homes, millions more regularly face service shut-offs either due to breakages or because of non-payment of bills. Households in areas outside administrative and service boundaries struggle to maintain private systems. Historic disinvestment in majority of African American cities, and decades of underinvestment in water infrastructure, have led to near collapse of many systems. The 2021 Bipartisan Infrastructure and Investment Jobs Act, passed by the United States government, is a historic opportunity to reinvest in water, especially in underinvested communities. These communities need significant assistance to prioritize appropriate investments, apply for available funding, and identify implementation partners. If this does not happen, the inequalities in access will be worsened. Coalitions of technical assistance providers and community-based organizations can help by identifying and matching providers with appropriate funding streams in the short term, while building their capacity to apply for larger federal funds. However, capital investment is only the first step toward equity. It is crucial that water and sewer rates be adjusted to account for household income, and service providers who serve large under-resourced areas receive long-term assistance for operation and maintenance of valuable assets.
Healthcare waste management and antimicrobial resistance: a critical review
Authors: Abosse Jirata Shiferaw , Megersa Bekele , Zewge Feleke , Eregno Fasil Ejigu 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT

The rapid growth of populations and urbanization has led to a significant increase in healthcare waste, posing serious health risks. A search on Google Scholar identified seven relevant articles from Ethiopia that examine the relationship between improper waste management in healthcare facilities (HCFs) and the rise of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes. This review aims to highlight key concepts, evidence sources, and knowledge gaps specific to the Ethiopian context. The unsafe disposal of antibiotics through leaks and solid waste has contributed to what some are calling a ‘silent pandemic,’ raising concerns about emerging infectious diseases. Studies have revealed alarming rates of infectious agents and AMR in healthcare wastewater. Isolates of C. jejuni, Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, and Enterococcus faecium from various healthcare waste sites in Ethiopia demonstrate high levels of AMR genes. Additionally, research indicates that HCFs produce significant amounts of waste, with high per-person daily waste production rates. Leachate from landfills containing this waste can negatively affect soil health, biological activity, water quality, agriculture, animal health, and human well-being. To mitigate these risks, effective waste management practices and the promotion of alternative antimicrobial use are essential strategies for reducing the emergence of pandemic diseases in developing countries.
Toward circular greenhouse wastewater reuse: advancements in cation exchange membranes for selective Na+/K+ separation using electrodialysis systems
Authors: Guleria Tavishi , van den Broeke Joep , Adam Romane , Gutierrez Leonardo , Rijnaarts Timon , Verbeken Kim , De Geyter Nathalie , Tian Xin , Cornelissen Emile 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT
Driven by the growing need for alternative water sources and forthcoming stringent nutrient discharge regulations, there is growing interest in developing selective membrane solutions to facilitate circular greenhouse wastewater reuse (as emphasized in the European Union's Horizon 2020 ULTIMATE project). For electrodialysis systems, sodium (Na+) over potassium (K+) selective membranes are essential to achieve minimal liquid discharge. This study addresses the challenge of developing selective, efficient, and scalable Na+/K+ cation exchange membranes. State-of-the-art cation exchange membrane developments were reviewed and the functionalization of commercial membranes with crown ethers was identified as a promising approach. Two crown ether-modified membranes (15-crown-5 (15C5) and 18-crown-6 (18C6)) were developed, characterized, and tested with equimolar and greenhouse wastewater binary feed ratios. While the results demonstrated low overall selectivity, the 15C5-modified membrane showed a marginal enhancement in K+ selectivity, suggesting the need for further optimization. The study concludes with recommendations for the future development of Na+/K+ selective membranes, highlighting the potential of machine learning approaches to expedite progress. This research provides a foundational step toward practical and scalable Na+/K+ ion separation solutions, for achieving minimal liquid discharge in greenhouse horticulture.
Hybrid/Chimera Drugs - Part 1 - Drug Hybrids Affecting Diseases of the Central Nervous System
Authors: Nudelman Abraham 
Published: October 2024

Abstract:
This review, focused on hybrid drugs, is the third in a series of reviews, where
the first two reviews dealt with a) dimeric drugs, b) mutual prodrugs – codrugs. The compounds
designated as hybrids are comprised of two (and sometimes three) biologically active
entities, linked by metabolically stable bridges. In some cases, one of the two components
of the hybrids serves as a carrier for the second component, and most frequently, the
components elicit their individual biological properties, which are commonly synergistic
or complementary. Due to the very large number of publications dealing with hybrid
drugs, the present review is restricted to hybrids acting in the central nervous system. Future
reviews will cover fields such as antimicrobial, anticancer, and antiviral hybrids, and
cardiovascular active hybrids. The selected articles reviewed herein were published between
the years 2000-2022 with partial coverage of the year 2023.
Fustin, a Potent Phytochemical, Attenuates Scopolamine-induced Memory Impairment and Neurodegeneration by Modulating Neuroinflammation and Neurotransmitters
Authors: Jambi Ebtihaj J. , Afzal Muhammad , Al-Abbasi Fahad A. , Moglad Ehssan , Al-Qahtani Salwa D. , Almalki Naif A. R. , Alzarea Sami I . , Imam Faisal , Sayyed Nadeem , Kazmi Imran 
Published: October 2024

Introduction:
Fustin, a photogenic flavanol found in the plant Rhus verniciflua
Stokes, has been involved in multiple disease ailments and has a beneficial pharmacological
effect and a history of use in traditional medicine. The present research aimed
to study the impact of fustin on scopolamine (SCOP)-induced memory impairment and
neurodegeneration by modulating neuroinflammation and neurotransmitters in rats.

Methods:
A total of 30 healthy Wistar rats were allocated into five groups (n=6). Group
I- served as control and received saline solution (1mL/kg i.p.), group -II- fustin (100
mg/kg, orally), group -III -SCOP (1 mg/kg, i.p.), and group -IV and V were given fustin
(50 and 100 mg/kg/p.o.) with SCOP (1 mg/kg, i.p.) for 14-days. After 14 days, 2 hours
after SCOP injection, the Y-maze and Morris water maze (MWM) tests were performed.
After behavioral tests rats were subsequently euthanized, and brain supernatants were
used to estimate choline-acetyltransferase (ChAT), acetylcholinesterase (AChE), antioxidant
[superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione (GSH)], and total
protein, oxidative stress markers [nitrate and malondialdehyde (MDA)], pro-inflammatory
markers [tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), and Interleukins-1β (IL-1β) and IL-6]. Also,
neurotransmitters such as serotonin (5-HT), dopamine (DA), ϒ-amino butyric acid
(GABA), acetylcholine (Ach), and noradrenaline (NA) contents were performed.

Results:
Fustin exhibited substantial behavioral improvement in the Y-maze measures
spontaneous alterations percentage (SA%) and decreased latency time following the acquisition
and prolonged time spent in the probe trial in the MWM test. Moreover, fustin
inhibits enhanced neuroinflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress markers and improves
the neurotransmitters.

Conclusion:
The findings of this study suggest that fustin inhibits SCOP impact on cognitive
abilities in rats. The present investigation demonstrates that fustin, a potent phytochemical,
effectively mitigated the behavioral and physiological changes induced by
SCOP in rats. This was primarily achieved by modulating the levels of inflammatory response
and neurotransmitters.
Synthesis, Characterization, and Molecular Docking of Novel Isatin-thiosemicarbazone containing 1,2,3-triazole Derivatives as Potential Anti-cancer Agents
Authors: El Malah Tamer , Farag Hanaa , Shamroukh Ahmed H. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract:
To improve the activity of isatin-1,2,3-triazole hybrids as anticancer agents, new derivatives of isatin-
thiosemicarbazone-1,2,3-triazoles 9-16 were designed and synthesized via the condensation of isatin-1,2,3-
triazole hybrids 1-8 with thiosemicarbazide. Spectral and elemental analysis confirmed the structure of the
prepared derivatives 9-16. Also, as anticancer agents, the latter derivatives were screened against three human
cancerous cell lines: human lung fibroblast (WI38), colorectal carcinoma colon cancer (HCT-116), and mammary
gland breast cancer (MCF-7). Doxorubicin, a standard control, was used to compare viable cell percentages
and IC50 values. In general, derivatives 12 and 16 revealed a higher potency against the three human cancerous
cell lines. Finally, the molecular descriptors of compounds 12 and 16 were correlated with their observed
cytotoxicity.

result:
In general, derivatives 12 and 16 revealed a higher potency against the three human cancerous cell lines.
Combination Antitumor Activation of Anlotinib with Radiofrequency Ablation in Human Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma
Authors: Zhao Zhou , Ma Xue , Li Yuanmeng , Zhou Shi-hui , Zang Li-E , Feng Fan , Li Naishi 
Published: October 2024

Introduction:
Currently, Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma (MTC) is considered
a kind of rare neuroendocrine tumor, and molecular-targeted drugs have previously
been used for MTC treatment.

Method:
However, the prognosis of MTC patients is still not significant. In the present
work, we aimed to explore the antitumor activity of the molecularly targeted drug
anlotinib in combination with radiofrequency ablation on MTC.

Result:
The targets of anlotinib were clearly expressed in MTC tissue specimens, and
the expression level of these factors was much higher in MTC clinical specimens than
in nontumor tissues. At the same time, anlotinib or Radiofrequency Ablation (RFA)
showed clear antitumor activity against the MTC cell line TT (TT cells) and the tumor
tissue it formed. Anlotinib, in combination with RFA, significantly increased the
antitumor activity of RFA.

Conclusion:
These results indicated that the combination of anlotinib with
radiofrequency ablation could be a promising therapeutic strategy for MTC treatment.
Disrupting Tumour Niches: Advanced Strategies for Targeting the Tumour Microenvironment in Cancer Therapy
Authors: Saikia Trideep , Khanam Asma , Ahmed Nasima , Bharali Alakesh , Kalita Tutumoni , Rajak Prakash , Sahu Bhanu P , Patowary Lima 
Published: October 2024

Abstract:
The review paper provides an extensive overview of strategies for targeting the tumour
microenvironment (TME) to enhance cancer therapy. It begins by underscoring the importance of
profiling and comprehending the TME through advanced technologies like organ chips and artificial
intelligence. The paper discusses multiple approaches to modulate the pro-tumour TME, including
strategies for eliminating, normalizing, and targeting tumour cells. It delves into specific
aspects such as cancer-associated fibroblasts, extracellular matrix, hypoxia, acidosis, neovascularisation,
tumour-infiltrating T cells, the immune system, exosomes, tumour-associated neutrophils,
and tumour angiogenesis. Emphasis is placed on the necessity of a multifaceted approach to effectively
target the complex and dynamic TME, which plays a crucial role in tumour progression and
therapeutic resistance. The conclusion highlights the significant impact of the TME on cancer therapy
and identifies promising research and clinical application avenues. The paper underscores the
shift in cancer treatment paradigms, advocating for strategies that address the intricate interactions
within the TME to improve therapeutic outcomes.