bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatment of Deep Vein Thrombosis in May–Thurner's Syndrome with a Novel Oral Anticoagulant: A Case Report
Authors: Han Toh Ching , Sule Ashish Anil 
Published: June 2018

May–Thurner's syndrome (MTS) is an anatomical variant where the left common iliac vein (CIV) is compressed by the overlying right common iliac artery and the underlying lumbar vertebrae, leading to stenosis in the left CIV. Endovascular intervention followed by anticoagulation currently constitute the mainstay of management of MTS associated with recurrent deep vein thrombosis (DVT).Warfarin appears to be the anticoagulant of choice in most studies conducted in patients with MTS. There is little evidence of treatment using nonvitamin K oral anticoagulants. This case report serves to describe a patient with MTS who was successfully treated with catheter-directed therapy followed by anticoagulation using rivaroxaban.A 64-year-old women presented with left lower limb swelling. Her duplex ultrasound and computed tomography (CT) showed extensive DVT and underlying narrowing of the left CIV, respectively.She underwent catheter-directed therapy, involving stent placement in the left CIV, and was subsequently started on rivaroxaban. She developed partial thrombosis of the external iliac vein at 5 months postprocedure and partial stent thrombosis at 1 year postprocedure while on rivaroxaban, requiring repeat stenting and continuation of anticoagulation. On follow-up, there was no recurrence of symptoms related to MTS, no postthrombotic syndrome, and no clinically significant bleeding as a side effect of rivaroxaban.This case report shows that rivaroxaban is a safe agent that can be successfully used in the treatment of MTS after stenting.
Developmental Changes in Isometric Strength: Longitudinal Study in Adolescent Soccer Players
Authors: Duarte Joao , Valente-dos-Santos João , Coelho-e-Silva Manuel , Malina R. , Deprez Dieter , Philippaerts Renaat , Lenoir Matthieu , Vaeyens Roel 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThis study aimed to examine longitudinal changes in isometric strength of the knee extensors (ImKE) and knee flexors (ImKF) at 30° and 60°. The sample was composed of 67 players aged 11.0–13.9 years at baseline over five years. Stature, body mass, skinfolds, and isometric strength (ImKE30°, ImKF30°, ImKE60° and ImKF60°) were measured. Fat mass and fat-free mass (FFM) were derived from skinfolds. Skeletal age was obtained using TW2 RUS. Multilevel random effects regression analyses extracted developmental polynomial models. An annual increment on chronological age (CA) corresponded to 5.6 N (ImKE30°), 2.7 N (ImKF30°), 4.6 N (ImKE60°) and 1.5 N (ImKF60°). An increment of 1 kg in FFM predicted isometric strength as follows: 1.2 N (ImKE30°), 2.1 N (ImKF30°), 3.1 N (ImKE60°) and 2.0 N (ImKF60°). The following equations were obtained: ImKE30°=5.759×CA+1.163×FFM; ImKF30°=−19.369+2.691×CA+0.693×CA2+2.108×FFM; ImKE60°=4.553×CA+3.134×FFM; and, ImKF60°=-19.669+1.544×CA+2.033×FFM. Although skeletal maturity had a negligible effect on dependent variables, age and body size, based on FFM, were relevant longitudinal predictors. During adolescence, systematic assessment of knee extensors and knee flexors are strongly recommended to prevent impairment of knee muscle groups.
Towards decolonised knowledge about transport
Authors: Schwanen Tim 
Published: June 2018

AbstractFor centuries the transport of people and goods across the globe has been shaped profoundly by Western and other colonialisms. Impacts on the development of infrastructures such as roads, railways and ports as well as transport flows within, to and from origins and destinations are increasingly documented. This essay proposes that expert knowledge about and way of knowing transport systems and practices in former and current colonies are at least as much shaped by Western colonialisms. It advocates a decolonisation of that knowledge and proposes a dual strategy of complicating, slowing down and disrupting existing expert knowledge about transport and of putting new concepts, theories and methodological practices in critical dialogue with each other and hegemonic transport research practices. It also emphasises that moving beyond transport expertise’s colonial legacy is a project that should be led from outside historically emerged centres of knowledge production.
The impact of traditional neuroimaging methods on the spatial localization of cortical areas
Authors: Coalson Timothy S. , Van Essen David C. , Glasser Matthew F. 
Published: June 2018

Significance
Most human brain-imaging studies have traditionally used low-resolution images, inaccurate methods of cross-subject alignment, and extensive blurring. Recently, a high-resolution approach with more accurate alignment and minimized blurring was used by the Human Connectome Project to generate a multimodal map of human cortical areas in hundreds of individuals. Starting from these data, we systematically compared these two approaches, showing that the traditional approach is nearly three times worse than the Human Connectome Project’s improved approach in two objective measures of spatial localization of cortical areas. Furthermore, we demonstrate considerable challenges in comparing data across the two approaches and, as a result, argue that there is an urgent need for the field to adopt more accurate methods of data acquisition and analysis.
Resilience of networks with community structure behaves as if under an external field
Authors: Dong Gaogao , Fan Jingfang , Shekhtman Louis M. , Shai Saray , Du Ruijin , Tian Lixin , Chen Xiaosong , Stanley H. Eugene , Havlin Shlomo 
Published: June 2018

SignificanceMuch work has focused on phase transitions in complex networks in which the system transitions from a resilient to a failed state. Furthermore, many of these networks have a community structure, whose effects on resilience have not yet been fully understood. Here, we show that the community structure can significantly affect the resilience of the system in that it removes the phase transition present in a single module, and the network remains resilient at this transition. In particular, we show that the effect of increasing interconnections is analogous to increasing external magnetic field in spin systems. Our findings provide insight into the resilience of many modular complex systems and clarify the important effects that community structure has on network resilience.
Out-of-the-groove transport of lipids by TMEM16 and GPCR scramblases
Authors: Malvezzi Mattia , Andra Kiran K. , Pandey Kalpana , Lee Byoung-Cheol , Falzone Maria E. , Brown Ashley , Iqbal Rabia , Menon Anant K. , Accardi Alessio 
Published: June 2018

Significance
The plasma membrane of all eukaryotic cells is asymmetric, with the signaling lipid phosphatidylserine in the cytoplasmic leaflet. When activated, membrane proteins termed phospholipid scramblases collapse this asymmetry by exchanging lipids between bilayer leaflets. The resulting externalization of phosphatidylserine is needed for phagocytosis of apoptotic cells, blood coagulation, and membrane repair. The mechanism by which scramblases transport lipids is poorly understood. The structure of a TMEM16-scramblase suggested that phospholipid headgroups move through a membrane-exposed hydrophilic groove, as a credit card moves through a card reader. Here we show that TMEM16 and GPCR scramblases transport lipids with very large headgroups, suggesting an out-of-the-groove transport mechanism. We propose that scramblases locally deform the membrane to translocate lipids both within and outside the groove.
August Schleicher and Materialism in 19th-Century Linguistics
Authors: McElvenny James 
Published: June 2018

SummaryTowards the end of his career, August Schleicher (1821–1868), the great consolidator of Indo-European historical-comparative linguistics in the mid-19th century, famously drew explicit parallels between linguistics and the new evolutionary theory of Darwinism. Based on this, it has become customary in linguistic historiography to refer to Schleicher’s ‘Darwinian’ theory of language, even though it has long been established that Schleicher’s views have other origins that pre-date his contact with Darwinism. For his contemporary critics in Germany, however, Schleicher’s thinking was an example not of Darwinism but of ‘materialism’. This article examines what ‘materialism’ meant in 19th-century Germany – its philosophical as well as its political dimensions – and looks at why Schleicher’s critics applied this label to him. It analyses the relevant aspects of Schleicher’s linguistics and philosophy of science and the criticisms directed against them by H. Steinthal (1823–1899). It then discusses the contemporary movement of scientific materialism and shows how Schleicher’s political views, social background and personal experiences bound him to this movement.
Differential protein-protein binding affinities of H-NS family proteins encoded on the chromosome of Pseudomonas putida KT2440 and IncP-7 plasmid pCAR1
Authors: Sun Zongping , Vasileva Delyana , Suzuki-Minakuchi Chiho , Okada Kazunori , Luo Feng , Igarashi Yasuo , Nojiri Hideaki 
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACT
H-NS family proteins encoded on the chromosome of Pseudomonas putida KT2440 (TurA and TurB) and the IncP-7 plasmid pCAR1 (Pmr) commonly have an N-terminal dimerization/oligomerization domain constituted by a central and a terminal dimerization sites. To clarify the dimerization manner at the central dimerization sites of the three homologs, we performed chemical cross-linking analyses with protein variants inactivated at the terminal dimerization site. Comparison of the hetero-dimer ratios among them suggested stronger affinities between the central dimerization sites of TurA and TurB monomers than between TurA and Pmr or TurB and Pmr. Furthermore, analyses of the interaction between truncated TurB containing only a functional terminal dimerization site and full-length proteins suggested that TurB exhibited higher affinities for oligomer complex formation with TurB itself and TurA but not Pmr. Altogether, we revealed stronger interaction between the N-terminal domains of TurA and TurB than between either of them and Pmr.
An enhancement of Zagier’s polylogarithm conjecture
Authors: Sato Nobuo 
Published: June 2018

Let

m
≥
2

m\geq 2

be a natural number and let

A

\mathcal {A}

be an ideal class of an imaginary quadratic number field. Zagier and Gangl constructed

C

/

Q

(
m
)

\mathbb {C}/\mathbb {Q}(m)

-valued invariants

I

m

(

A

)

I_{m}(\mathcal {A})

which they named “the enhanced zeta value”, since the real part of

i

m
−
1

I

m

(

A

)

i^{m-1}I_{m}(\mathcal {A})

, after being multiplied by a certain elementary factor in terms of a factorial and a power of

2
π

2\pi

, equals the partial zeta value

ζ
(
m
,

A

)

\zeta (m,\mathcal {A})

. They also constructed the enhanced polylogarithm, a

C

/

Q

(
m
)

\mathbb {C}/\mathbb {Q}(m)

-valued function on the

m
m

-th Bloch group

B

m

(

C

)

\mathcal {B}_{m}(\mathbb {C})

, and formulated an enhanced conjecture for

I

m

(

A

)

I_{m}(\mathcal {A})

that gives a natural lift of the polylogarithm conjecture for

ζ
(
m
,

A

)

\zeta (m,\mathcal {A})

to a conjectural equality in

C

/

Q

(
m
)

\mathbb {C}/\mathbb {Q}(m)

. In this article, we define the Shintani L-function of two variables which is naturally regarded as a two-variable analog of the partial zeta function for imaginary quadratic fields. Then we study its analytic properties in order to construct

C

/

Q

(
1
)

\mathbb {C}/\mathbb {Q}(1)

-valued invariants

Λ

i

(
1
−
m
,

A

)

\Lambda _{i}(1-m,\mathcal {A})

(

i
∈
{
1
,
2
}

i\in \{1,2\}

) for a ray class

A

\mathcal {A}

using the first partial derivative of the Shintani L-function at

(
1
−
m
,
1
−
m
)

(1-m,1-m)

. From the construction,

Λ

1

(
1
−
m
,

A

)

\Lambda _{1}(1-m,\mathcal {A})

and

Λ

2

(
1
−
m
,

A

)

\Lambda _{2}(1-m,\mathcal {A})

are complex conjugate invariants that satisfy

ζ
′

(
1
−
m
,

A

)
=

Λ

1

(
1
−
m
,

A

)
+

Λ

2

(
1
−
m
,

A

)

\zeta ’(1-m,\mathcal {A})=\Lambda _{1}(1-m,\mathcal {A})+\Lambda _{2}(1-m,\mathcal {A})

. Then we prove the main theorem of this article about the equality between Zagier and Gangl’s enhanced zeta value

I

m

(

A

)

I_{m}(\mathcal {A})

and

Λ

1

(
1
−
m
,

A

)

\Lambda _{1}(1-m,\mathcal {A})

, by explicit calculation of the Fourier expansion of the partial derivative of the Shintani L-function. Finally, we formulate the enhanced conjecture for the ray class invariants

Λ

i

(
1
−
m
,

A

)

\Lambda _{i}(1-m,\mathcal {A})

, by which we expand Zagier-Gangl’s original conjecture. We also give several numerical examples to verify the correctness of our enhanced conjecture.
Long-Term Risk of Hypertension in Normoglycemia and Prediabetes, and Their Relation to the Change of Glycemic State
Authors: Jung Ju Young , Oh Chang-Mo , Choi Joong-Myung , Ryoo Jae-Hong , Park Sung Keun 
Published: June 2018

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Although increasing evidence has suggested the significant association between dysglycemia and hypertension, this association is less well described in prediabetes. Additionally, it is unclear how risk of hypertension varies according to the change of glycemic state.

METHODS
Five thousand four hundred thirteen nondiabetic Koreans were dichotomized into normoglycemia (NG) and prediabetes group and followed-up for 10 years. Cox proportional hazard model was used to evaluate hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence interval (CI) [adjusted HRs (95% CI)] for the development of hypertension. Subgroup analysis was conducted in subdivided glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) with &lt;5.7%, 5.7–5.9%, and 6.0–6.4% and 2 hour post-load glucose (2 hr-PG) with &lt;140, 140–169, and 170–199 mg/dl. The glycemic states are NG, prediabetes, and diabetes mellitus (DM), which are used in evaluating the change of glycemic state during follow-up in baseline NG (NG → NG, NG → prediabetes, and NG → DM) and baseline prediabetes (prediabetes → prediabetes and prediabetes → DM).

RESULTS
Compared with NG, prediabetes was not significantly associated with the risk of hypertension [1.11 (0.997–1.23)]. HbA1c ≥5.7% [1.13 (1.02–1.26)] and 2 hr-PG ≥140 mg/dl [1.15 (1.004–1.31)] were marginally associated with the risk of hypertension. In subgroup analysis, only 2 hr-PG of 170–199 mg/dl showed the significantly increased risk of hypertension [1.37 (1.09–1.73)]. Compared with the maintaining glycemic state, the progression of glycemic state had the significantly increased risk of hypertension [NG → prediabetes; 1.41 (1.19–1.67), NG→DM; 1.77 (1.36–2.30), and prediabetes → DM; 1.32 (1.13–1.55)].

CONCLUSION
The progression of glycemic state was a strong determinant on the development of hypertension.
Practical dynamic de Bruijn graphs
Authors: Crawford Victoria G , Kuhnle Alan , Boucher Christina , Chikhi Rayan , Gagie Travis 
Published: June 2018

Abstract

Motivation
The de Bruijn graph is fundamental to the analysis of next generation sequencing data and so, as datasets of DNA reads grow rapidly, it becomes more important to represent de Bruijn graphs compactly while still supporting fast assembly. Previous implementations of compact de Bruijn graphs have not supported node or edge deletion, however, which is important for pruning spurious elements from the graph.

Results
Belazzougui et al. (2016b) recently proposed a compact and fully dynamic representation, which supports exact membership queries and insertions and deletions of both nodes and edges. In this paper, we give a practical implementation of their data structure, supporting exact membership queries and fully dynamic edge operations, as well as limited support for dynamic node operations. We demonstrate experimentally that its performance is comparable to that of state-of-the-art implementations based on Bloom filters.

Availability and implementation
Our source-code is publicly available at https://github.com/csirac/dynamicDBG under an open-source license.
Future ecosystem changes in the Northeast Atlantic: a comparison between a global and a regional model system
Authors: Skogen Morten D , Hjøllo Solfrid S , Sandø Anne Britt , Tjiputra Jerry 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe biogeochemistry from a global climate model (Norwegian Earth System Model) has been compared with results from a regional model (NORWECOM.E2E), where the regional model is forced by downscaled physics from the global model. The study should both be regarded as a direct comparison between a regional and its driving global model to investigate at what extent a global climate model can be used for regional studies, and a study of the future climate change in the Nordic and Barents Seas. The study concludes that the global and regional model compare well on trends, but many details are lost when a coarse resolution global model is used to assess climate impact on regional scale. The main difference between the two models is the timing of the spring bloom, and a non-exhaustive nutrient consumption in the global model in summer. The global model has a cold (in summer) and saline bias compared with climatology. This is both due to poorly resolved physical processes and oversimplified ecosystem parameterization. Through the downscaling the regional model is to some extent able to alleviate the bias in the physical fields, and the timing of the spring bloom is close to observations. The summer nutrient minimum is one month early. There is no trend in future primary production in any of the models, and the trends in modelled pH and ΩAr are also the same in both models. The largest discrepancy in the future projection is in the development of the CO2 uptake, where the regional suggests a slightly reduced uptake in the future.
Political Context and Citizen Information: Propaganda Effects in China
Authors: Chen Dan 
Published: June 2018

AbstractPropaganda is integral to authoritarian rule. Yet, questions remain regarding what propaganda content is effective at influencing which opinions and to whom. Using an original online survey experiment conducted in China, this study finds that although propaganda is ineffective with average Internet users, it persuades highly informed participants when reality validates its messages. The propaganda treatments enhance opinions on government performance in several issue areas, including anticorruption and the economy, for participants who are politically informed. Propaganda thus sways opinions when real-world changes lend support, which necessitates a certain level of acquired information. These results suggest the limits of propaganda while specifying conditions for its effects.
An Outsider’s View from Inside
Authors: Devresse Marie-Sophie , Scalia Damien 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Acquittal in international criminal law has long been disregarded by the governing bodies of international criminal courts. However, the acquittal exposes constitutive (and constituent) components of this very body of law. The authors draw conclusions from semi-directive interviews with (acquitted and condemned) people tried by the ad hoc tribunals. Their approach creates an opportunity to highlight and comprehend — from the perspective of the acquitted individual — the failures of the functioning of international criminal justice, which is focused on the idea of guilt. Moreover, this research shows how the position of tried individuals affects their perception and acceptance of international criminal law.
Geographic Variability in Discharge Setting and Outpatient Postacute Physical Therapy After Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Warren Meghan , Shireman Theresa I 
Published: June 2018

Abstract

Background
Despite the frequency of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) in the Medicare population, little is known about the use of postacute physical therapy among those discharged to home.

Objective
The objectives of this study were to explore factors associated with geographic variability in discharge disposition and outpatient physical therapy utilization for Medicare patients after TKA discharged to home/self-care.

Design
The design of the study was a retrospective cohort study.

Methods
Medicare patients with TKA discharged alive from July 1, 2010, to June 30, 2011, with discharge disposition to home/self-care (HSC), home health agency (HHA), inpatient rehabilitation facility (IRF), or skilled nursing facility (SNF) were selected. Geography was measured with Census region. Outpatient physical therapy utilization was calculated from Medicare Part B claims. Odds ratios for discharge disposition and adjusted means for physical therapy utilization variables by Census region were calculated, accounting for county-clustered data and adjusting for demographics, clinical, and environmental characteristics.

Results
There was significant variation with discharge destination by Census region among 18,278 patients. With discharge disposition analysis, the patients from the West region who were discharged home were the referent group. The patients from the South and Northeast regions had higher odds for discharge to HHAs (adjusted odds ratio [95% CI = 1.80 [1.48–2.19] and 2.20 [1.70–2.84]), SNFs (1.34 [1.08–1.66] and 4.42 [3.38–5.79]), and IRFs (2.36 [1.80–3.09] and 8.83 [6.41–12.18]). For those discharged to HSC, 40.4% received outpatient physical therapy within 4 weeks. Significant differences were found with time to first physical therapy visit (Midwest &lt;South &lt;[West = Northeast]) and length of therapy episode, but not with the number of therapy visits by geographic region.

Conclusions
Geographic region was associated with discharge setting, postacute physical therapy, and outpatient therapy utilization in Medicare beneficiaries after TKA. Differences in outcomes of outpatient therapy should be assessed to better describe the impact of geographic variation in care.
Risk Factors for Early Reoperation After Operative Treatment of Acetabular Fractures
Authors: Ding Anthony , O'Toole Robert V. , Castillo Renan , Reahl Brad , Montalvo Ryan , Nascone Jason W. , Sciadini Marcus F. , Carlini Anthony R. , Manson Theodore T. 
Published: June 2018

Objectives:
To identify the risk factors for early reoperation after operative fixation of acetabular fractures.

Design:
Retrospective evaluation.

Setting:
Level I Trauma Center.

Patients:
Seven hundred ninety-one patients with displaced acetabular fractures treated with open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) from 2006 to 2015. Average follow-up was 52 weeks.

Main Outcome Measures:
Early reoperation after acetabular ORIF, defined as secondary procedure for infection or revision within 3 years of initial operation.

Results:
Fifty-six (7%) patients underwent irrigation and debridement for infection and wound complications. Four associated risk factors identified were length of stay in the intensive care unit, pelvic embolization, operative time, and time delay between injury and surgical fixation. Sixty-two (8%) patients underwent early revision, including 45 conversions to total hip arthroplasty, 10 revision ORIF, 6 fixation device removals because of concern for joint penetration (2 acutely and 4 > 6 months after surgery), and 1 stabilization procedure. Three risk factors associated with early revision were hip dislocation, articular comminution, and concomitant femoral head or neck injury. Combined injuries to the pelvic ring and acetabulum, fracture pattern, marginal impaction, and body mass index had no significant effect on early revision surgery.

Conclusions:
Risk factors for early reoperation after operative fixation of acetabular fractures differed based on the reason for return to the operating room. Infection was more likely to occur in patients who had prolonged stays in the intensive care unit, had prolonged operative times, were embolized, or experienced delay in time to fixation. Revision was more likely with hip dislocation, articular comminution, femoral head or neck fracture, and advancing age.

Level of Evidence:
Prognostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.