bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gut Microbiota: FFAR Reaching Effects on Islets
Authors: Priyadarshini Medha , Navarro Guadalupe , Layden Brian T 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
The G protein–coupled receptors, free fatty acid (FFA) receptors 2 and 3 (FFA2 and FFA3), belonging to the free fatty acid receptor (FFAR) class, sense a distinct class of nutrients, short chain fatty acids (SCFAs). These receptors participate in both immune and metabolic regulation. The latter includes a role in regulating secretion of metabolic hormones. It was only recently that their role in pancreatic β cells was recognized; these receptors are known now to affect not only insulin secretion but also β-cell survival and proliferation. These observations make them excellent potential therapeutic targets in type 2 diabetes. Moreover, expression on both immune and β cells makes these receptors possible targets in type 1 diabetes. Furthermore, SCFAs are generated by gut microbial fermentative activity; therefore, signaling by FFA2 and FFA3 represents an exciting novel link between the gut microbiota and the β cells. This review enumerates the role of these receptors in β cells revealed so far and discusses possible roles in clinical translation.
Determination of Metal Contamination in Seafood from the Black, Marmara, Aegean and Mediterranean Sea Metal Contamination in Seafood
Authors: KUPLULU O. , IPLIKCIOGLU CIL G. , KORKMAZ S. D. , AYKUT O. , OZANSOY G. 
Published: May 2018

Seafood is one of the most important components of a healthy diet due to its composition. With the Black, Marmara, Aegean and Mediterranean Sea, Turkey has substantial sources of seafood. Seas are highly impacted by environmental pollution. Among these, heavy metal pollution has long been recognized as a serious problem for seafood. As heavy metals cannot be degraded, they are deposited, assimilated or incorporated in water, sediment and aquatic animals. By these properties, they can be transferred to humans through the food chain especially by the consumption of fish and shellfish. The aim of this study is to determine the concentrations of Cd, As, Pb and Hg levels in selected fish species and marine animals from all of the 4 seas of Turkey by using the ICP-MS technique, and to compare the results with the legislations safe limits. For this purpose, 13 different fish species, mussels and shrimps have been obtained from the Black, Marmara, Aegean and Mediterranean Seas. According to the results, metal concentrations decrease in the order As>Pb>Hg>Cd. In all the seas, the same order was found. Statistically significant differences were observed in the metal levels between fish species and the shellfish in all regions. Except for the two samples, all the results was found compatible with the Turkish Food Codex and European Commission Regulation limits. Arsenic levels were detected between 0,076-4,230 mg/kg within the samples. Cadmium levels were detected as higher than the limits in two samples obtained from the Mediterranean Sea, Scophthalmus maximus and Mullus barbatus species as 0,076 mg/kg and 0,064 mg/kg, respectively. The highest and the lowest levels of mercury and lead were measured as 0,005-0,405 and 0,015-0,405 mg/kg, respectively. The results obtained from this study revealed that, except for a few cases, the selected heavy metal concentrations in most samples were below the limits. Also, besides the mussels and the shrimps, there was no single type of fish that was consistently high in all metals. The examined seas and the seafood were found to be safe for human consumption.
PERFIL LIPÍDICO E GLICÊMICO DE RATOS SUBMETIDOS A DIETAS COM FIBRA DA CASCA E TALO DE BANANA
Authors: Da Costa Thielen Borba , Silveira Catia Silva , Pereira Marina Couto , Helbig Elizabete 
Published: May 2018

Objetivo: O estudo teve por objetivo avaliar os efeitos da ingestão de dietas contendo a fibra presente na casca e talo da banana, no perfil glicêmico e lipídico de ratos da linhagem Wistar. Metodologia: Estudou-se, durante 65 dias, a influência de dietas contendo fibras provenientes da casca (GFC), talo da banana (GFT) e ambas as fibras (GFCT), em relação à dieta controle (GA), no perfil glicêmico e lipídico de 24 ratos machos da linhagem Wistar, com peso médio inicial de 54,06g, distribuídos de forma equitativa em quatro grupos. O grupo controle (GA) recebeu dieta AIN acrescida de 1% de colesterol cristalino e 0,1% de ácido cólico, e as dietas experimentais foram semelhantes ao grupo controle, com substituição da fonte de fibra. Resultados: Nos grupos de tratamento (GFC, GFT e GFCT), houve aumento dos níveis glicêmicos, de triglicerídeos e redução do colesterol total e LDL-C séricos, em relação ao grupo controle (GA). Os níveis de VLDL-C mostraram-se reduzidos apenas para o grupo contendo fibras provenientes da casca. Conclusões: A inserção de fibra na dieta, proveniente da casca e talo da banana, bem como da mistura de ambos, mostrou efetividade de uso sobre o perfil lipídico e capacidade de manutenção dos níveis de glicemia dos ratos alimentados com dietas contendo fibra oriunda da casca e do talo.DOI: 10.12957/demetra.2018.29559 DOI: 10.12957/demetra.2018.29559
A PRÁTICA REFLEXIVA COMO RECURSO NA GESTÃO DOS RESTAURANTES UNIVERSITÁRIOS TERCEIRIZADOS
Authors: Cardoso Carla Ionara Xavier da Silveira , Feitosa Marcos Gilson Gomes , Calazans Dinara Leslye Macedo e Silva 
Published: May 2018

Objetivo: O objetivo geral desta pesquisa foi investigar como a prática reflexiva pode influenciar na aprendizagem organizacional de serviços de alimentação, a partir da identificação das experiências profissionais de gestores e fiscais de contrato, no contexto dos restaurantes universitários terceirizados de instituições públicas de ensino superior. Metodologia: A estratégia adotada para atingir os objetivos seguiu uma abordagem qualitativa, a partir da técnica do estudo de caso. Os sujeitos de pesquisa foram gestores e fiscais de dois restaurantes universitários pertencentes a duas instituições públicas de ensino superior, localizadas no Nordeste brasileiro, com serviços de alimentação terceirizados. A coleta de dados foi desenvolvida por meio de entrevistas com abordagem direta e roteiro semiestruturado e análise documental, com consulta a documentos internos. As categorias de análise foram definidas a priori, baseadas nas dimensões propostas por Schön para análise da prática reflexiva: o processo de conhecer-na-ação, as dificuldades no âmbito da prática profissional e a articulação prática reflexiva à prática profissional. O tratamento dos dados se deu através da análise pragmática da linguagem de acordo com Mattos, centrado no significado semântico-pragmático da conversação. Resultados e Discussão: A gestão dos RUs terceirizados ocorre na prática profissional durante o processo de conhecer-na-ação, especialmente dos nutricionistas, em que as dificuldades, sobretudo na gestão da infraestrutura e de pessoas, influenciam diretamente na gestão dos contratos. É através da reflexão que eles constroem os significados da teoria acerca de sua própria prática, favorecendo a tomada de decisão mais satisfatória. Conclusão: A prática reflexiva desponta como propulsor do desenvolvimento de habilidades gerenciais e políticas na implementação de decisões, propiciando a aprendizagem organizacional.DOI: 10.12957/demetra.2018.30779
Perceptions of fluid restriction self-care in heart failure
Authors: Woods Leanna S , Walker Kim N , Duff Jed S 
Published: May 2018

Objectives: Daily fluid restriction reduces fluid retention and therefore lessens the symptom burden of heart failure but the literature shows that adherence is sub-optimal. The objectives of the current study were to understand patients' experiences of fluid restriction self-care and identify factors affecting adherence. Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with four inpatients. Data were interpreted using the World Health Organization's dimensions affecting adherence; these dimensions were patient-related, condition-related, therapy-related, health system/team-related and socioeconomic-related. Findings: Fluid restriction self-care was unpleasant and challenging. The most commonly reported factors were in the therapy-related dimension, and included unrelenting, uncomfortable thirst and dry mouth, which were a cause of significant distress. Patients reported unease about the complexity of the condition, misunderstood the treatment rationale and were confused about the benefit of adherence. Conclusions: The current study supports the current consensus that self-care for long-term conditions is complex and challenging. More patient-focused research is advised to address difficulties in adhering to fluid restriction. Improvement in thirst and dry-mouth alleviation strategies is needed.
Improving consent in patients undergoing surgery for fractured neck of femur
Authors: Thiruchandran Gajendiran , McKean Andrew R , Rudran Branavan , Imam Mohamed A , Yeong Keefai , Hassan Abdel 
Published: May 2018

Background Neck of femur fractures and their subsequent operative fixation are associated with high rates of perioperative morbidity and mortality. Consenting in this setting is suboptimal with the Montgomery court ruling changing the perspective of consent. This quality improvement project assessed the adequacy of consenting against British Orthopaedic Association-endorsed guidance and implemented a series of changes to improve the documentation of risks associated with surgery for fractured neck of femur. Methods Seventy consecutive patients who underwent any operative fixation of a neck of femur fracture were included over a 6-month period at a single centre. Patients unable to consent or without electronic notes were excluded. Consent forms were analysed and the documented potential risks or complications associated with surgery were compared to British Orthopaedic Association-endorsed guidance. A series of changes (using the plan, do study, act (PDSA) approach) was implemented to improve the adequacy of consent. Results Documentation of four out of 12 potential risks or complications was recorded in <50% of cases for patients with intracapsular fractures (n=35), and documentation of seven out of 12 potential risks or complications was recorded in <50% of cases for patients with extracapsular fractures (n=35). Re-audit following raising awareness and attaching consent guidance showed 100% documentation of potential risks or complications in patients with intracapsular and extracapsular fractures (n=70). A neck of femur fracture-specific consent form has been implemented which will hopefully lead to sustained improvement. Conclusions Consenting patients with fractured neck of femur for surgery in the authors' unit was suboptimal when compared to British Orthopaedic Association-endorsed consent guidance. This project has shown that ensuring such guidance is readily available has improved the adequacy of consent. The authors hope that introduction of a neck of femur fracture-specific consent form within their unit will lead to sustained adequate documentation of risks associated with surgery.
Decomposing scripts: Ethnography and writing about writing
Authors: McNamara Joshua 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
As a field whose founding gesture has been to go behind and before the audio-visual text, screenwriting scholarship has become an exciting new frontier for ethnographic approaches to writing about writing. However, so far there has been very little attention paid to what doing an ethnography of script writing might actually entail. What challenges are specific to writing an ethnography on the practices of writing a script? What opportunities does working on script writing offer us as scholars seeking to establish a better understanding of both the narratological and discursive qualities of the practice of writing itself? Rather than retreat to a familiar understanding of ethnography as documentary observation, this article proposes that productive answers to these questions might be found in turning to more experimental approaches to writing ethnography. Understanding the script as a unique kind of writing that anticipates its own death as writing, this article suggests a new genre of ethnographic writing, one not simply appropriated from cultural anthropology, but expressed within the specificity and strictures of researching screenwriting. I call this genre of writing about writing in anticipation of death, a decomposition.
Writing-for-the-cut: What can screenwriters learn from film editors about storytelling?
Authors: Loftin Greg 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
This article explores an approach to screenwriting using storytelling dynamics found in film editing. I call this ‘writing-for-the-cut’. This idea finds its roots in the lively theories and debates of early Soviet filmmakers such as Lev Kuleshov and Sergei Eisenstein in the 1910s and 1920s. They viewed editing as a juxtapositional dynamic, one that invites the audience to ‘discover’ the story for themselves. From their Hegelian notion of juxtaposition to its more nuanced application today, I discuss three kinds of cinematic juxtaposition: suggestion, puzzle and kinesis. I then explore how these dynamics might be embedded in the screenplay.
Trois regards sur la notion de « culture chinoise »
Authors: Zimmermann Basile 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Chinese studies are going through a period of reforms. This article appraises what could constitute the theoretical and methodological foundations of contemporary sinology today. The author suggests an approach of “Chinese culture” by drawing from recent frameworks of Science and Technology Studies (STS). The paper starts with current debates in Asian studies, followed by a historical overview of the concept of culture in anthropology. Then, two short case studies are presented with regard to two different STS approaches: studies of expertise and experience and the notion of interactional expertise, and the framework of waves and forms. A general argument is thereby sketched which suggests how “Chinese culture” can be understood from the perspective of materiality.
Kollaborative Produktionssystemplanung unter Verwendung eines modellbasierten, PLM-gestützten Entwicklungsprozesses
Authors: Sinnwell Chantal , Haße Armin , Fischer Jan , Aurich Jan C. 
Published: May 2018

Zusammenfassung
Dieser Artikel beschreibt einen modellbasierten Planungsprozess für die frühen Phasen der Planung cyber-physischer Produktionssysteme (CPPS). Dieser ermöglicht eine bessere Integration sowohl der Produktentwicklung (PE) mit der Produktionssystemplanung (PSP), als auch innerhalb der PSP-Disziplinen der späteren Planungsphasen. Er basiert auf der Idee des modellbasierten Systems Engineering (MBSE) und besteht aus vier Planungsebenen. Jede Planungsebene besteht aus mehreren Planungsaktivitäten, in denen mittels einer Modellierungssprache die jeweiligen Planungsartefakte beschrieben werden. Diese sind durch das Systemmodell semantisch miteinander verknüpft und definieren Verhalten und Struktur des zu planenden CPPS. Ferner wird die praktische Anwendung des Prozesses im Unternehmenskontext mittels PLM-Systemen am Beispiel mehrerer Kollaborationsszenarien näher erläutert.
Model-based development in automation
Authors: Witte Martin Emmerich , Diedrich Christian , Figalist Helmut 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
The article explains the concept of modeling, from the foundation of conceptualization to today’s modeling standards in plant engineering and automaton. It emphasizes the role of modeling software in model-based development, and discusses various formats to persist and exchange model information. Finally it discusses and applies a method for evaluating models, based on given criteria.
Hyperspectral imaging: innovative diagnostics to visualize hemodynamic effects of cold plasma in wound therapy
Authors: Daeschlein Georg , Rutkowski Rico , Lutze Stine , von Podewils Sebastian , Sicher Claudia , Wild Thomas , Metelmann Hans-Robert , von Woedkte Thomas , Jünger Michael 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
An important clinical potential of cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) lies in tumor and wound treatment, whereby the last-mentioned is well-referenced already. However, the underlying mechanisms of improved wound healing have not been sufficiently clarified yet, in particular the influence of CAP on microcirculation. Hyperspectral imaging (HSI) enables the visualization of microcirculation of large tissue areas, thus this technique seems to be a candidate to examine CAP effects on perfusion and oxygen saturation in wounds. During clinical wound management, one chronic wound caused by peripheral arterial occlusive disease and one acute wound after surgical removal of cervical lymph nodes were examined using HSI before and after CAP treatment. HSI was able to demonstrate CAP effects on microcirculation showing a relevant increase of superficial and deeper cutaneous oxygen saturation together with elevated hemoglobin concentration in treated and also surrounding wound area. For the first time, it was shown that CAP improves the superficial and deeper oxygenation and hemoglobin perfusion in and around the treated area of acute and chronic wounds. This effect may contribute to healing support by CAP in wounds. HSI seems suitable for evaluating and monitoring CAP effects in clinical settings.
提升隱喻意識對二語詞彙學習和記憶存留之探究
Authors: 蕭 惠貞 , 梁 安琪 
Published: May 2018

提要本文旨在探討若呈現隱喻映射原則，顯示展現詞彙之相關理據，藉此提升二語學習者之隱喻意識於詞彙學習，此輔助方式對於其戰爭類商業詞語學習及記憶留存之效應為何？我們以「商場如戰場」（BUSINESS IS WAR）映射原則為主題，選取十個常見高頻戰爭類相關之商業隱喻詞語為內容，調查了 31 名日籍中級以上之華語學習者。實驗組接受隱喻映射圖指導，透過連結「來源域（戰爭）」與「目標域（商業）」之對應關係，學習相關隱喻詞彙，控制組則以一般詞解和例句學習詞語，其後進行即時後測、及一週後之延時後測。結果發現：(1) 實驗組即時後測之整體詞彙學習成效明顯優於控制組（M=8.34 vs. 7.57,t(29)=2.07,p=0.024），此情況同樣見於延時後測（M=8.53 vs. 7.50,t(29)=2.24,p=0.017）； (2) 即時後測中，實驗組文意理解表現顯著較佳（M=7.19 vs. 6.40,t(29)=1.87,p=0.036）；(3)實驗組於即時後測的隱喻動詞整體表現較好，兩組達顯著差異（M=5.00 vs. 4.30,t(29)=2.76,p=0.01），而未曾教授之隱喻名詞表現則相約。
Hardy spaces of generalized analytic functions and composition
operators
Authors: Pozzi Elodie 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
We present some recent results on Hardy spaces of generalized analytic
functions on D specifying their link with the analytic Hardy spaces. Their
definition can be extended to more general domains Ω . We discuss the way to
extend such definitions to more general domains that depends on the
regularity of the boundary of the domain ∂Ω. The generalization over general
domains leads to the study of the invertibility of composition operators
between Hardy spaces of generalized analytic functions; at the end of the
paper, we discuss invertibility and Fredholm property of the composition
operator C∅ on Hardy spaces of generalized analytic
functions on a simply connected Dini-smooth domain for an analytic symbol
∅.
Kähler–Einstein metrics: From cones to cusps
Authors: Guenancia Henri 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
In this note, we prove that on a compact Kähler manifold

X

\hskip-0.569055pt{X}\hskip-0.569055pt

carrying a smooth divisor D such that

K
X

+
D

{K_{X}+D}

is ample, the Kähler–Einstein cusp metric is the limit (in a strong sense) of the Kähler–Einstein conic metrics when the cone angle goes to 0. We further investigate the boundary behavior of those and prove that the rescaled metrics converge to a cylindrical metric on

ℂ
*

×

ℂ

n
-
1

{\mathbb{C}^{*}\times\mathbb{C}^{n-1}}

.
A metric-based approach to multiphase mean curvature flows with mobilities
Authors: Bretin Elie , Danescu Alexandre , Penuelas José , Masnou Simon 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
We summarize in this note a few theoretical and numerical results described with more details in the forthcoming paper [5] devoted to a new phase field model for approximating mean curvature flows. Our work is motivated by the simulation of multiphase mean curvature flows with possibly inhomogeneous surface tensions and mobility coefficients. The key aspect of our model is to incorporate the mobilities not in the phase field energy (which is conventionally the case) but in the metric which determines the gradient flow. We show the consistency of such approach by a formal analysis of the sharp interface limit. We also propose an efficient numerical scheme which allows us to illustrate the advantages of the model on various examples, as the wetting of droplets on solid surfaces or the simulation of nanowires growth generated by the so-called vapor-liquid-solid method.
Ultrasonochemical synthesis of 2,3-dihydrofuranediones in aqueous medium
Authors: Fekri Leila Zare , Nikpassand Mohammad , Imani-Darestani Leila 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
2,3-Dihydrofuranediones were prepared by an efficient one-pot multicomponent Knoevnagel-like condensation between pyrazolecarbaldehydes or indole-3-carbaldehyde, ethyl pyruvate and bromine, followed by an intramolecular cyclization in aqueous medium.
Deferred weighted 𝒜-statistical convergence based upon the (p,q)-Lagrange polynomials and its applications to approximation theorems
Authors: Srivastava H. M. , Jena Bidu Bhusan , Paikray Susanta Kumar , Misra U. K. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractRecently, the notion of positive linear operators by means of basic (orq-) Lagrange polynomials and𝒜{\mathcal{A}}-statistical convergence was introduced and studied in [M. Mursaleen, A. Khan, H. M. Srivastava and K. S. Nisar, Operators constructed by means ofq-Lagrange polynomials andA-statistical approximation, Appl. Math. Comput. 219 2013, 12, 6911–6918]. In our present investigation, we introduce a certain deferred weighted𝒜{\mathcal{A}}-statistical convergence in order to establish some Korovkin-type approximation theorems associated with the functions 1,tandt2{t^{2}}defined on a Banach spaceC⁢[0,1]{C[0,1]}for a sequence of (presumably new) positive linear operators based upon(p,q){(p,q)}-Lagrange polynomials. Furthermore, we investigate the deferred weighted𝒜{\mathcal{A}}-statistical rates for the same set of functions with the help of the modulus of continuity and the elements of the Lipschitz class. We also consider a number of interesting special cases and illustrative examples in support of our definitions and of the results which are presented in this paper.
Some variational principles associated with ODEs of maximal symmetry. Part 1: Equations in canonical form
Authors: Ndogmo Jean-Claude 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Variational and divergence symmetries are studied in this paper for linear equations of maximal symmetry in canonical form, and the associated first integrals are given in explicit form. All the main results obtained are formulated as theorems or conjectures for equations of a general order. Some of these results apply to linear equations of a general form and of arbitrary orders or having a symmetry algebra of arbitrary dimension.
Subspace-based algorithm for distance networks
Authors: Norrdine Abdelmoumen 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
A three-dimensional distance network is composed of a system of points or nodes located on earth’s surface or in space, in a building or in a construction site. Localization of these nodes is a fundamental operation in geodetic and sensor networks. This paper shows a new method for calculating n-dimensional dynamic distance networks, whereas a spectral decomposition of a symmetric matrix of squared distances is used. Thereby neither approximation, nor iterative solutions are used. By using this method, fixed reference points can be selected as well as noisy distances can be denoised and checked for consistency. Given a realistic scenario, Monte-Carlo simulations show that the proposed method always converge to an optimal solution with less computation time than numerically optimized Levenberg-Marquandt method.