bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Redox‐Tunable Ring Expansion Enabled By A Single‐Component Electrophilic Nitrogen Atom Synthon
Authors: Kelly Patrick Q. , Keramati Nikki R. , Kaplin Kate R. , Lynch‐Colameta Tessa , Phelan James P. , Levin Mark D. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractControllable installation of a single nitrogen atom is central to many major goals in skeletal editing, with progress often gated by the availability of an appropriate N‐atom source. Here we introduce a novel reagent, termed DNIBX, based on dibenzoazabicycloheptadiene (dbabh), which allows the electrophilic installation of dbabh to organic substrates. When indanone β‐ketoesters are aminated by DNIBX, the resulting products undergo divergent ring expansions depending on the mode of activation, producing heterocycles in differing oxidation states under thermal and photochemical conditions. The mechanism of each transformation is discussed, and the different reactivity modes of the indanone‐dbabh adducts are compared to other nitrogenous precursors.
Aerobic Oxidation of Alcohols and Olefins Using Ru NPs Decorated on Functionalized PNIPAM Grafted Magnetic Nanoparticles
Authors: Kafshboran Hadieh Rahbar , Ghasemi Soheila 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTA thermo‐responsive ruthenium catalyst was produced by immobilizing poly(N‐isopropyl acrylamide) on the silica surface coated iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4@Si). After being exposed to ethylenediamine, the amino‐modified support (Fe3O4@Si‐PNIPAM‐NH2) was produced, and Fe3O4@Si‐PNIPAM‐NH2‐EDTA was made in the ensuing reaction with EDTA (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid). Ru NPs were introduced to the modified magnetic support to create a well‐organized heterogeneous catalytic system with several advantages, such as enabling catalyst recycling and simple separation. This new catalyst was characterized by means of various techniques, including TGA, ICP, FT‐IR, DLS, TEM, SEM, EDX, VSM, XRD, CHN, and XPS. In the presence of H2O2 or air alone, this catalyst showed a significant effect in the oxidation of various alcohols to the corresponding aldehydes or ketones. Furthermore, the catalyst exhibited outstanding capacity in the aerobic oxidation of olefines to the carbonyl or oxirane counterparts. A main aspect of this catalytic system is the reusability of the catalyst at least eight times in consecutive runs without causing any discernible loss of activity, structural change, or leaching.
Sustainable Semiconducting BaS3:Sb2S3:LaS2 Filiform Rods: Revolutionizing Energy Storage and Production With Mixed Metal Chalcogenides
Authors: Ahmad Khuram Shahzad , Jaffri Shaan Bibi , Makawana Bhumikaben , Gupta Ram K. , Ashraf Ghulam Abbas , Altaf Mohammad 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTDuring this period of rising energy demand, scientific circles and energy stakeholders have paid close attention to electrochemical energy storage. In order to improve the functioning of charge storage systems, the BaS3:Sb2S3:LaS2 tri‐chalcogenide is produced with a diethyldithiocarbamate ligand as a chelator. The BaS3:Sb2S3:LaS2 semiconductor, which was produced sustainably, has a 3.65‐eV energy band gap and high photoactivity due to light absorption. Having heterogeneous crystalline states and a mean crystallite dimension of 17.58 nm, the resulting chalcogenide had excellent crystallinity. In addition, infrared spectroscopy was utilized to analyze metallic sulfide associations, and the results showed that they ranged from 550 to 951 cm−1. This chalcogenide expressed filiform rod‐like morphology with an abundance of the sites available for electrochemical activity. The electrochemical performance of BaS3:Sb2S3:LaS2 was assessed with a conventional three‐electrode configuration. BaS3:Sb2S3:LaS2 has been shown to have been a superior substance for electrodes for storing electricity, with a power density of 7910.18 W kg−1 with a particular capacitance of as high as 961.39 F g−1. The exceptional electrochemical performance was supported with a comparable series resistance (Rs) at 0.71 Ω. Following electrocatalysis, the electrode exhibited an OER overpotential and an equivalent Tafel slope of approximately 416 mV and 126 mV/dec, respectively. Conversely, the Tafel slope and overpotential of the HER activity were 117 mV/dec and 233 mV, respectively.
Solvent‐free synthesis of medium chain triacylglycerols by esterification of capric, caprylic acids with 1, 3‐specific and non‐specific lipases
Authors: Mayookha V. P. , Raksha U. , Harohally Nanishankar V. , Suresh Kumar G. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMedium chain triacylglycerols (MCTs) are used as a functional oil in various food and pharmaceutical formulations because of their numerous health benefits and physical properties. Enzymatic esterification of glycerol with caprylic (C8:0) and capric acids (C10:0) in a molar ratio of 1:3.5 [50% (C8:0) and 50% (C10:0)] was carried out for the solvent free synthesis of MCTs using 5% (w/w) 1,3 specific lipase, Lipozyme RM IM and non‐specific lipase, Novozym 435 in the presence of molecular sieves (10%) and low pressure conditions (50 and 150 mbar) at 50°C. Novozym 435 was more effective in the esterification reaction under 50 mbar reduced pressure, achieving ~54.74% triacylglycerol formation in 6 h, compared to Lipozyme RMIM, which achieved ~31.25% under the same conditions. Further reactions with Novozym 435 for 24 h showed that the maximum formation of MCTs occurred at 20 h (86.46 ± 3%), after which the reaction reached equilibrium. When 50 mbar was used, the formation of triacylglycerols enhanced 13 times compared with the results obtained at atmospheric pressure condition. Chemical characterization of the final MCTs confirmed the formation of four triacylglycerol species (TAG (8:0/8:0/8:0), TAG (8:0/8:0/10:0), TAG (8:0/10:0/10:0), and TAG (10:0/10:0/10:0) with LC–MS and NMR analysis. The melting and crystallization points of the synthesized oil was found to be −3.47°C and −23.48°C, respectively. Our findings contribute to developing a green process for synthesizing MCTs using two different fatty acids. The final product can be used as a nutraceutical oil or as an ingredient to enhance the food's physical properties.
Interfacial adhesion enhancement in high‐modulus carbon fiber/poly (ether ether ketone) composites: Through the flexible macromolecule‐grafted‐carbon nanotubes sizing treatment
Authors: Su Yanan , Qi Ruitao , Zhao Chenyue , Bai Lili , Zheng Kaihong , Zhao Ziyang , Li Zhiqiang , Xu Jifeng 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn this study, a flexible macromolecule‐grafted‐carbon nanotube (t‐CTN‐SPEEK) is developed and utilized as bridge to enhance the interfacial properties of high‐modulus carbon fiber (HM‐CF) reinforced poly (ether ether ketone) (PEEK) composites. With t‐CTN‐SPEEK sizing, the wettability of HM‐CF is enhanced, thereby promoting better resin wetting. The increased roughness induced by the t‐CTNs‐SPEEK on the surface of the HM‐CF affords improved mechanical interlocking among interface. Additionally, SPEEK enhances the interfacial compatibility of the composites. Thus, after the t‐CTN‐SPEEK sizing treatment, the composite exhibits the best interfacial shear strength (IFSS), as evaluated using the interfacial strength evaluation instrument. This paper also discusses in detail the interfacial strengthening mechanism after sizing and presents a promising approach to enhancing the interfacial properties of HM‐CF composites.
Synthesis and antitumor evaluation of glycyrrhetinic acid‐dithiocarbamate hybrids
Authors: Su Jiahong , Wang Xingyue , Li Sha , Wu Xu , Li Mingxing , Du Fukuan , Deng Shuai , Shen Jing , Zhao Yueshui , Xiao Zhangang , Chen Yu 
Published: November 2024

AbstractGlycyrrhetinic acid (GA) is a naturally occurring triterpene compound. The aim of this study was to employ the pharmacophore hybrid strategy to merge GA with various dithiocarbamates and obtain novel compounds with better antitumor activities. We present a two‐step synthetic protocol wherein the GA derivative underwent reaction with carbon disulfide and various secondary amines in a one‐pot manner under mild conditions, facilitating the preparation of a series of structurally novel GA‐dithiocarbamate derivatives. Bioassay screening revealed that the representative compound 3c demonstrated the capacity to reduce the mitochondrial membrane potential in Hep3B and Huh‐7 cells, induce nuclear apoptosis, inhibit invasion and migration, and prompt both early and late apoptosis. Furthermore, our research findings indicated that this apoptotic phenomenon may be associated with the expression of Bcl‐2, Bax, Bak, PARP, and cleaved‐PARP proteins. Utilizing network pharmacology for predicting core targets and signaling pathways of compound 3c for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treatment involved employing molecular docking models to demonstrate high affinity between compound and target protein. In conjunction with Western blot analysis, compound 3c may impact HCC through the PI3K‐AKT‐mTOR pathway.
Antiviral efficacy of heparan sulfate and enoxaparin sodium against SARS‐CoV‐2
Authors: Fuochi Virginia , Furnari Salvatore , Floresta Giuseppe , Patamia Vincenzo , Zagni Chiara , Drago Filippo , Rescifina Antonio , Furneri Pio Maria 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAs the world transitions from the acute phase of the COVID‐19 pandemic caused by SARS‐CoV‐2, the scientific community continues to explore various therapeutic avenues to control its spread and mitigate its ongoing effects. Among the promising candidates are heparan sulfate (HS) and enoxaparin (EX), which have emerged as potential virus inhibitors. HS, a type of glycosaminoglycan, plays a prominent role in the attachment of the virus to host cells. At the same time, EX, a low‐molecular‐weight heparin, is being investigated for its ability to disrupt the interaction between the spike protein of SARS‐CoV‐2 and the ACE2 receptor in human cells. Understanding the mechanisms through which these substances operate could lay the foundation for new strategies in the ongoing management of COVID‐19. This study aimed to examine the details of SARS‐CoV‐2's entry mechanisms and the role of HS in this process. Furthermore, it examines EX's mechanism of action, highlighting how it potentially inhibits SARS‐CoV‐2. The interactions between HS and the virus, alongside in‐vitro and in‐silico inhibition studies with HS and EX, are critically analyzed to assess their antiviral efficacy. Additionally, the antiviral activity of sulfated polysaccharides and the potential therapeutic applications of these findings are discussed.
Manganese‐Mediated Cascade Radical Oxidative Cyclization/1,6‐Conjugate Addition of Unsaturated Oximes with p‐Quinone Methides: Facile Access to β,β‐Diarylmethine Substituted Isoxazolines
Authors: Vara Vijay , Thete Kishor R. , Ghotekar Ganesh S. , Muthukrishnan M. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractA simple and efficient strategy for the synthesis of structurally diverse β,β‐diarylmethine substituted isoxazoline derivatives have been developed. This approach employs a manganese‐promoted oxidative cyclization coupled with a 1,6‐conjugate addition of unsaturated oximes to p‐quinone methides. The key features of this study include the formation of C−O and C−C bonds through intramolecular and intermolecular interactions, facilitated by in situ generated iminoxyl radicals. β,β‐diarylmethine substituted isoxazolines, bearing a wide range of functional groups, were isolated in high yields.
From the genome's perspective: Bearing somatic retrotransposition to leverage the regulatory potential of L1 RNAs
Authors: Mangoni Damiano , Mazzetti Aurora , Ansaloni Federico , Simi Alessandro , Tartaglia Gian Gaetano , Pandolfini Luca , Gustincich Stefano , Sanges Remo 
Published: November 2024

AbstractTransposable elements (TEs) are mobile genomic elements constituting a big fraction of eukaryotic genomes. They ignite an evolutionary arms race with host genomes, which in turn evolve strategies to restrict their activity. Despite being tightly repressed, TEs display precisely regulated expression patterns during specific stages of mammalian development, suggesting potential benefits for the host. Among TEs, the long interspersed nuclear element (LINE‐1 or L1) has been found to be active in neurons. This activity prompted extensive research into its possible role in cognition. So far, no specific cause‐effect relationship between L1 retrotransposition and brain functions has been conclusively identified. Nevertheless, accumulating evidence suggests that interactions between L1 RNAs and RNA/DNA binding proteins encode specific messages that cells utilize to activate or repress entire transcriptional programs. We summarize recent findings highlighting the activity of L1 RNAs at the non‐coding level during early embryonic and brain development. We propose a hypothesis suggesting a mutualistic relationship between L1 mRNAs and the host cell. In this scenario, cells tolerate a certain rate of retrotransposition to leverage the regulatory effects of L1s as non‐coding RNAs on potentiating their mitotic potential. In turn, L1s benefit from the cell's proliferative state to increase their chance to mobilize.
Cinemeducation improves early clinical exposure to inborn errors of metabolism
Authors: Dutta Atanu , Oberoi Aroma , Modi Jyoti , Goyal Parmod , Samuel Sangeetha , Mondal Tanushree , Goswami Kalyan , Sahoo Sibasish , Pal Amit 
Published: November 2024

AbstractCinemeducation is an effective tool to help students develop humanistic skills. However, there was a need for more studies to find out if this can also be utilized to improve the interest and satisfaction of students learning about rare diseases such as the inborn errors of metabolism. The aim was to introduce cinemeducation as part of early clinical exposure and teach first‐year MBBS students in the Department of Biochemistry about inborn errors of metabolism. This was a quasi‐experimental, cross‐over study involving 100 MBBS students. Movie clips prepared from Lorenzo's Oil (for Lipid metabolism) and Extraordinary Measures (for Lysosomal Storage Disease) and corresponding paper‐based cases; questionnaires and feedback forms were validated by expert group review. Students' academic performance was improved in the groups where the Extraordinary Measures movie was used for cinemeducation. Still, this effect was not observed when the movie Lorenzo's Oil was used. Both learners and facilitators were satisfied with cinemeducation. Cinemeducation was effectively introduced to teach inborn errors of metabolism in the Department of Biochemistry topic‐dependent manner.
The influence of complexity, uncertainty, and munificence on long‐term organizational resilience to natural disasters
Authors: Gasbarro Federica , Tencati Antonio 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe turbulent conditions of the external environment have placed unprecedented pressure on firms, drawing management scholars' attention to organizational resilience. This research aims to study if complexity, uncertainty, and munificence influence organizational resilience in terms of long‐term firm survival. We performed a binary logistic regression using a database of 1,849 Italian joint‐stock firms between 2014 and 2020, of which 89 received public funds as compensation for damages caused by natural disasters. We found that munificence in the context where firms operate is likely to increase their survival in the long term compared to the peers together with turnover, however, context complexity and uncertainty have not been found significant. The results shed light on the role of the context as an antecedent of organizational resilience.
Impact of basic artificial intelligence (AI) course on understanding concepts, literacy, and empowerment in the field of AI among students
Authors: Chen Yan Hua , Zhang Kai 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWith the development of information technologies and information processing methods, it is important to provide high‐quality education in the field of artificial intelligence (AI). The study aims to investigate the impact of an educational course on AI on the comprehension of concepts, literacy, and empowerment in the field of AI among students of higher educational institutions. The experiment involved 125 students from Hohai University in China. As a result of taking the training course, students were able to improve their understanding of concepts (increasing their average score from 6.33 to 9.69), literacy (from 2.94 to 3.99), and empowerment (from 3.90 to 4.04) in AI. The resulting data statistically confirmed the effectiveness of the developed course for improving confidence in the field of AI. The training module can be applied to improve confidence in the field of AI for students in various careers, as information competence is important these days and increases the success of graduates in employment. When it comes to further research, the encouraging results of this study suggest opportunities for promoting this training program among a diverse group of participants. To confirm the effectiveness of the developed course, it can be conducted among students in schools and other educational institutions, reducing it to even more basic if necessary.
‘Thanks, but no thanks’: The public's response to engagement with NHS Talking Therapies – a salutary tale?
Authors: Scott Michael J. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractObjectivesThe English NHS Talking Therapies has been hailed as a world leader in demonstrating outcomes, generating 1.76 million referrals in the year 2022–2023, with a claimed 49.9% recovery rate, but there has been a dearth of independent evaluations. Importantly, there have been no published data on those who only attended one assessment/treatment session. This also applies to public services internationally. The issue of the acceptability of psychological treatment has not been addressed.MethodThe user‐friendliness of NHS Talking Therapies was examined, drawing on unpublished data revealed following a Freedom Of Information request response to the author in June 2024. These data are set alongside the service's published data to give a more comprehensive view of real‐world outcomes and whether it should be a template for other countries to follow.ResultsAlmost half (45%) do not complete treatment, and for completers, the results are no better than for placebo. The diagnostic status of almost a third (29.1%) who attend just one session is unknown. The numbers of people who attend one assessment/ treatment session is approximately half of those who attend two or more treatment sessions, but the ratio varies by disorder.ConclusionNHS Talking Therapies' engagement difficulties casts serious doubt on the service's claim to be a ‘world beater’. There is no evidence that NICE‐compliant evidence‐based psychological treatments have been delivered. While this model has been widely adopted in the UK, this should not be transferred to other service systems without contextualisation and evidence on whether/how some of its components could be implemented in those settings.
Involvement of PDGFR‐integrin interactions in the regulation of anoikis resistance in glioblastoma progression
Authors: Pain Pampa , Tripathi Ashutosh , Pillai Prakash P. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe interactions between platelet‐derived growth factor/PDGF receptor and integrin signaling are crucial for cells to respond to extracellular stimuli. Integrin interactions with PDGFR within the lipid rafts activate downstream cellular signaling pathways that regulate cell proliferation, cell migration, cell differentiation, and cell death processes. The mechanisms underlying PDGFR activation mediated receptor internalization, interactions with other cell‐surface receptors, particularly extracellular matrix receptors, integrins, and how these cellular mechanisms switch on anchorage‐independent cell survival, leading to anoikis resistance are discussed. The role of regulatory molecules such as noncoding RNAs, that can modulate several molecular and cellular processes, including autophagy, in the acquisition of anoikis resistance is also discussed. Overall, the review provides a new perspective on a complex interplay of regulatory cellular machineries involving autophagy, noncoding RNAs and cellular mechanisms of PDGFR activation, PDGFR‐integrin interactions, and involvement of lipids rafts in the acquisition of anoikis resistance that regulates glioblastoma progression along with potential future strategies to develop novel therapeutics for glioblastoma multiforme.
Carnosol alleviates cisplatin–induced acute kidney injury by regulating apoptosis and pyroptosis
Authors: Li Chunjie , Yang Hongyan , Wu Yuan , Zhou Mingke , Luo Hengbiao , Yuan Peng , Shen Fengge 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe use of the common anticancer drug cisplatin (CP) in clinical practice often leads to acute kidney injury (AKI); however, no protective therapy is available. Therefore, new drugs that reduce the nephrotoxicity induced by CP are urgently needed. Carnosol (CA) is an antioxidant found. We investigated the renoprotective effects of CA on CP‐induced AKI in male C57BL/6 mice and HK2 cells. CA mitigated renal dysfunction, histopathological changes and tubular injury in vivo, as indicated by the expression of NGAL, KIM1 and HMGB1. Moreover, the numbers of apoptotic cells and the expression of apoptotic proteins were dramatically reduced after CA treatment in mouse kidneys and HK2 cells. CA significantly ameliorated CP‐induced inflammation and decreased TNF‐α and IL‐1β levels in vivo and in vitro and macrophage infiltration in the mouse kidney. CA decreased the expression levels of p‐p65/p65, NLRP3 and ASC, which indicates that CA suppressed the activation of the NF‐κB/NLRP3 signaling axis induced by CP in vivo and in vitro. In addition, CA decreased the levels of certain protein in pyroptotic cells, as indicated by the expression of cleaved caspase‐1, GSDMD, and mature IL‐1β and IL‐18 in vivo and in vitro. Finally, CA reduced the level of cleaved caspase‐1, but those of GSDMD and NLRP3 protein were not significantly different after treatment with the NLRP3 inhibitor MCC950 and were elevated by the NLRP3 activator nigericin. In conclusion, this study revealed that CA protects against CP‐induced AKI by decreasing apoptosis and NF‐κB/NLRP3/GSDMD‐mediated pyroptosis, which provides new insight into the prevention of AKI.
Duloxetine‐induced syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion in a patient with neuropathic pain
Authors: Takahashi Nobuyuki , Mori Yukiko , Momo Kenji , Murakami Hidetomo , Tanaka Hironori 
Published: November 2024

Key Clinical MessageSyndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) induces hyponatremia accompanied by uric acid reduction. We report a case of a patient with small‐cell lung cancer who developed SIADH with hypouricemia after duloxetine treatment and discuss the potential underlying mechanisms. SIADH and hypouricemia improved after duloxetine was switched to mirogabalin.