bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patients with symptomatic cholelithiasis at a safety net hospital: Early surgeon involvement matters
Authors: Guliani Jasmine , Bartelson Rachel I. , Eraky Fareeda , Mehra Shyamin , Glass Nina E. , Narula Nisha 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundGallstones are a common diagnosis in the United States; though many patients remain asymptomatic, others develop symptoms. Standard of care for symptomatic cholelithiasis is cholecystectomy, but many do not undergo surgery. The purpose of this study is to identify factors that influence receipt of cholecystectomy for symptomatic cholelithiasis at a safety net hospital.MethodsThis is a retrospective study performed at a large, academic, tertiary care and safety net state hospital. Patients who presented with symptomatic cholelithiasis were included. Same admission cholecystectomy and elective outpatient cholecystectomy were considered success/standard of care, and readmission cholecystectomy or no cholecystectomy were considered failures/not standard of care.ResultsOf 376 patients, a substantial minority were Spanish speaking, and almost half had public insurance. 23.7% were successfully treated, and 76.3% had failure in management. A larger number of patients in the group that had successful treatment had surgery consultation, 67.4%. Only 28.5% of patients saw a surgeon as an outpatient within 30 days of their visit. On multivariable analysis, patients who were provided a surgery consultation were more likely to receive standard of care. Age, sex, language, smoking status, lack of insurance, and alcohol use were not associated.ConclusionSurgery consultation during presentation for symptomatic cholelithiasis was associated with receipt of same admission, or outpatient elective cholecystectomy, or successful management. There should be a low threshold to involve a surgeon for symptomatic cholelithiasis.
Uranyl‐Nickel(II) Cation‐Cation Interaction in a Triperiodic Framework with cis‐1,2‐Cyclohexanedicarboxylate and Isonicotinate Ligands
Authors: Thuéry Pierre , Atoini Youssef , Harrowfield Jack 
Published: November 2024

AbstractUranyl and nickel(II) nitrates have been reacted with cis‐1,2‐cyclohexanedicarboxylic (H2chdc) and isonicotinic (H‐int) acids under solvo‐hydrothermal conditions, giving the heterometallic, mixed‐ligand complex [(UO2)2Ni(chdc)2(int)2]⋅CH3CN (1). The uranyl cation is bound to carboxylate groups of both ligands while NiII is attached to two carboxylate and two nitrogen donors, with two strong additional interactions with uranyl oxo groups giving a nearly regular octahedral environment. The short Ni−O(oxo) bond length of 2.114(3) Å amounts to 67 % of the sum of van der Waals radii. The trimetallic (UO2)2Ni6+ clusters thus formed are assembled by chdc2− ligands into linear chains which are further bridged by int− links to give a triperiodic framework with the dia topology, in which small channels encompass two rows of acetonitrile solvent molecules. Complex 1 does not display uranyl luminescence under excitation in the solid state.
Schwinger vs Coleman: Magnetic charge renormalization
Authors: Newey Joshua , Terning John , Verhaaren Christopher B. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The kinetic mixing of two U(1) gauge theories can result in a massless photon that has perturbative couplings to both electric and magnetic charges. This framework can be used to perturbatively calculate in a quantum field theory with both kinds of charge. Here we reexamine the running of the magnetic charge, where the calculations of Schwinger and Coleman sharply disagree. We calculate the running of both electric and magnetic couplings and show that the disagreement between Schwinger and Coleman is due to an incomplete summation of topological terms in the perturbation series. We present a momentum space prescription for calculating the loop corrections in which the topological terms can be systematically separated for resummation. Somewhat in the spirit of modern amplitude methods we avoid using a vector potential and use the field strength itself, thereby trading gauge redundancy for the geometric redundancy of Stokes surfaces. The resulting running of the couplings demonstrates that Dirac charge quantization is independent of renormalization scale, as Coleman predicted. As a simple application we also bound the parameter space of magnetically charged states through the experimental measurement of the running of electromagnetic coupling.
Operator exposure and cabin protection in plant protection product application
Authors: Molnar Gabor , Ahrens Katrin , Wegener Jens Karl , Dittmar Sebastian , Peter Enrico , Martin Sabine , Schäckermann Jan-Niklas , Röver Markus 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Tightly sealed driver's cabs can effectively protect the user from exposure when applying crop protection products. Therefore, under certain conditions, users in such cabins can avoid wearing personal protective equipment for skin and eyes. The protective effect depends on the technical design and handling of the different cabin types and can be divided into categories with different levels of protection. Since the level of protection of the different types of cabins and the associated possibility of not wearing personal protective equipment has not been sufficiently scientifically verified in the past, the present study was carried out to close this gap. Field and laboratory test methods were developed and used to assess exposure levels. External contamination of the cabin was measured using various dosimeters. Exposure inside the cabins was measured on coveralls and gloves to measure dermal exposure and with aerosol sampling pumps to determine inhalation exposure. Tests were conducted on tractors with different cab categories using an air-assisted orchard sprayer as a worst-case scenario for exposure to spray drift. Additionally, an alternative laboratory test method was developed and conducted to evaluate filter efficiency under controlled conditions and compare it with the field tests. The results showed that exposure inside closed cabins was generally low and was not notably correlated with the cabin category. All types of cabins tested were found to provide significant protection from dermal and inhalation exposure.
Some results on variations on the norm of finite groups
Authors: Lewis Mark L. , Shen Zhencai , Yan Quanfu 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Let G be a finite group and

$$N_{\Omega }(G)$$

N
Ω

(
G
)

be the intersection of the normalizers of all subgroups belonging to the set

$$\Omega (G),$$

Ω
(
G
)
,

where

$$\Omega (G)$$

Ω
(
G
)

is a set of all subgroups of G which have some theoretical group property. In this paper, we show that

$$N_{\Omega }(G)= Z_{\infty }(G)$$

N
Ω

(
G
)

=

Z
∞

(
G
)

if

$$\Omega (G)$$

Ω
(
G
)

is one of the following: (i) the set of all self-normalizing subgroups of G; (ii) the set of all subgroups of G satisfying the subnormalizer condition in G; (iii) the set of all pronormal subgroups of G; (iv) the set of all weakly normal subgroups of G; (v) the set of all NE-subgroups of G.
Innovative high-strength screw connections for additive manufactured thermoplastic components
Authors: Fürst Thomas , Göhlich Dietmar 
Published: November 2024

AbstractComponents that are additively manufactured by material extrusion (MEX) are exposed to complex challenges due to their layered structure. Anisotropy and the risk of delamination must be given special consideration, especially when they are exposed to high loads. In case high-loaded components have additionally to be connected to other parts or assemblies via screw connections, the connection area in the MEX-manufactured component is a limiting factor for usability. This article presents a novel method in which a preheated metallic threaded sleeve with internal and external threads is inserted into the component in order to create a high-strength threaded anchoring. This prevents pre-damage such as delamination in advance. As part of preliminary investigations, a selection of relevant parameters was first made. An open parameter test rig was developed with which the threaded sleeves could be applied into test specimens with high repeat accuracy. The effectiveness and the increase in the achievable pull-out forces were demonstrated by means of pull-out tests. It was also shown that the heat input via the outer thread flanks during application has a positive influence on the overall strength of the component.
Implementation of Robotic-Assisted Sacrocervicopexy for Apical Organ Prolapse Using the Semitendinosus Tendon—Pilot Study and Analysis of Clinical Outcome
Authors: Schröder Carolin , Lukannek Charlotte , Egger Eva K. , Otten Lucia A. , Mustea Alexander , Koensgen Dominique 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Introduction and Hypothesis
This video demonstrates a robotic-assisted sacrocervicopexy using the semitendinosus tendon.

Methods
Between June 2022 and February 2023, we performed the worldwide first Da Vinci robotic-assisted sacrocervicopexies (SCP) for apical organ prolapse using the semitendinosus tendon of the left knee. Analysis of safety, feasibility, and clinical outcome of the first ten patients operated on using this new surgical technique included the German pelvic floor questionnaire (GPFQ) as well as a clinical examination.

Results
Ten patients with a follow-up of 12 months were included. There was a significant reduction of the patient’s symptoms according to the GPFQ regarding the domain bladder (preoperatively versus 3 months postoperatively, mean 3.85 vs 1.61, p = 0.034), total score (preoperatively versus 3 months postoperatively, mean 12.79 vs 3.28, p = 0.034), and descensus symptoms (preoperatively versus 12 months postoperatively, mean 4.74 vs 0.67, p = 0.022). POP-Q stage (point C) was significantly reduced between the preoperative period and at the time of discharge (mean 2.2 vs 0, p = 0.004). No serious intra- and postoperative complications occurred.

Conclusions
This pilot study showed satisfying clinical outcomes after a follow-up of 12 months, with a low mid-term complication rate.
Dynamics of area-preserving curvature flow of convex plane curves with small area in an inhomogeneous medium
Authors: Ninomiya Hirokazu 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In 1986, Gage studied area-preserving curvature flows in a two-dimensional homogeneous medium and proved that an initially convex closed curve remains convex and converges to a circle as time approaches infinity. However, a medium may not be homogeneous in many applications such as cell motility and motions of active matters. Therefore, this work introduces an area-preserving curvature flow in an inhomogeneous medium, which is a natural extension of an inhomogeneous medium. Through this extension, a closed curve numerically moves towards the higher medium by the flow. To show this fact, the case is considered in which the area enclosed by the closed curve is small. In this situation, it is shown that the dynamics of its center is approximated by a gradient flow determined by the distribution of the inhomogeneous medium and that its center moves toward the critical point of the inhomogeneous medium.
Experimental investigation on the seismic performance of reinforced concrete frames with decoupled masonry infills: considering in-plane and out-of-plane load interaction effects
Authors: Milijaš Aleksa , Marinković Marko , Butenweg Christoph , Klinkel Sven 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMasonry infills are frequently employed as both outer and inner partitions in reinforced concrete (RC) frame structures due to their outstanding characteristics in terms of energy efficiency, fire resistance and sound isolation. However, common construction practice typically involves the mortar connection between masonry infills and RC frames. For this reason, the unforeseen frame-infill interaction takes part under seismic loading, which leads to severe and uncontrollable damage to masonry infills. This interaction also causes damage or even the collapse of the RC frames and thus of the whole structures. The poor performance of infilled RC frame structures in recent earthquake events is a strong motivation for the development of innovative engineering solutions, which aim to mitigate the detrimental effects of frame-infill interaction. This article introduces an innovative decoupling system founded on the concept of decoupling the RC frame from the masonry infill. The decoupling is achieved by inserting elastomeric material between the masonry infill and RC frame. The properly designed decoupling system allows infill activation only at high in-plane drifts. Simultaneously, it provides boundary conditions for seismic loads acting perpendicular to the infill plane. Firstly, the article explains the design of the masonry infill with the decoupling system and its installation. Afterwards, the results of small specimen tests carried out to determine the load-bearing capacity of the decoupling system are presented. Furthermore, the article discusses the findings of an extensive experimental campaign conducted on nine real-size RC frames with decoupled infills subjected to separate and combined in-plane and out-of-plane loadings. In addition to different loading types, various infill configurations are considered – solid infill, infill with centric window, and infill with centric door opening. Finally, the experimental results of RC frames with decoupled infills are compared with the experimental results of traditionally infilled RC frames, which were tested within the framework of the same project. The thorough evaluation and comparison of the experimental findings demonstrate the significant improvement of seismic performance of infilled RC frames if the decoupling system is applied.
Modeling inelastic behavior of U-shaped walls using multi-layer shell element: assessment at both global and local levels
Authors: Wang Zetao , Constantin Raluca , Zhang Shenghan 
Published: November 2024

AbstractOver recent decades, various numerical approaches have been developed to simulate the nonlinear behavior of reinforced concrete (RC) walls, with the multi-layer shell element method being commonly employed for thin RC wall structures. Although the global force–displacement relationship is often used to validate numerical models, their accuracy at the local level is seldom assessed. A recent experimental program has provided a detailed benchmark for investigating the nonlinear behavior of RC U-shaped walls under both flexure- and torsion-dominated loading conditions. This study developed a detailed finite element model to evaluate the multi-layer shell element method’s effectiveness in simulating both the global and local responses of RC U-shaped walls. At the global level, the model accurately captured the wall pre-failure cyclic hysteresis, cracking pattern and stiffness degradation. At the local level, the model’s accuracy was assessed by comparing the concrete deformation, rebar strain distribution and crack width. The results indicated that the model reasonably represented the local behavior of the U-shaped walls at small drift levels. However, the error increased with higher drift level, particularly in reproducing the concrete deformation and reinforcement strain at the wall base. This study provides insights into the capabilities and limitations of the proposed model, informing future improvements in the numerical simulation of RC wall structures.
Advanced nonlinear soil-structure interaction model for the seismic analysis of safety-related nuclear structures
Authors: Gonzalez J. M. , Barbat A. H. , Vargas-Alzate Y. F. , Rastellini F. , Ramirez J. , Escudero C. , Pujades L. G. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis article proposes an advanced nonlinear soil-structure interaction methodology, for the seismic analysis of a nuclear structure. To do so, a study is performed on a nuclear reinforced concrete structure considering the effects of the nonlinearity due to the sliding and rocking at the soil-structure interface, under a Beyond Design Basis Earthquake. A tridimensional numerical model based on the Finite Element Method is developed for the structure and the soil. The model of the structure considers composite materials to describe all the structural members, taking full advantage of the modelling capabilities of the finite element method. The soil layers are modelled assuming their degraded properties due to the propagation of the seismic ground motion. An innovative approach to achieve spectral matching at the surface of the FEM soil model after propagation from the bedrock has been successfully implemented. The seismic analysis on the structure has been performed by considering three hypotheses for the contact between soil and structure: fixed-base, fixed contact and sliding-rocking contact. Insights are provided after comparing floor spectra for the contact approaches assessed in this research, calculated at the systems and components’ locations at the nuclear structure. Finally, a statistical approach for the soil properties allows to study the effects of these uncertainties on the structural response.
Costs and benefits of a formal academic qualification beyond the PhD
Authors: Koenig Johannes 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn many Western and Eastern European countries, the habilitation is the highest formal qualification awarded by universities, ranking above the doctorate. Despite its central role in the European higher education system, little is known about the career trajectories of those who have obtained this degree. This paper systematically analyzes the career trajectories of scientists and scholars who have completed a habilitation in Germany, comparing these to those of individuals who did not complete a further degree after their PhD. To do so, linked social insurance data from a period of 2 years prior to 15 years after receiving the doctorate are used. My analysis reveals the substantial monetary costs of pursuing an additional qualification after the PhD. The empirical findings indicate that the benefits of an additional qualification beyond the PhD are primarily non-monetary, for example having a cognitively demanding and challenging job requiring a high level of education, and an increased likelihood of employment within the academic sector. These findings may indicate that beyond a certain level of education, and with an already fairly strong integration into the labor market, non-financial aspects of work could become more significant to individuals than income maximization.
Optimized evaluation of the quality of sensor video internet of things (VIOT) by the integration of big data and artificial intelligence
Authors: Wen Zhiqiang , Wang Fei , Yang Nan 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe application of sensor video internet of things technology to large-scale integrated work can significantly improve the working quality of employees. However, the degree of improvement in working quality is still difficult to measure in a systematic, intelligent, stable, and accurate manner. local optimization and adjustment after evaluation are still relatively challenging, To address these issues, the study proposes a method of optimizing the evaluation of sensor video quality through the integration of big data and AI techniques. A large-scale integrated distance education system in the field of education and training with a certain application basis is adopted as a case. Including big data and AI techniques such as integrated intelligent agent modules, recommendation algorithms, and transaction optimization algorithms, a new agent-oriented system design with fast response speed, strong scalability, convenient local optimization, and greater stability is achieved. According to the network topology structure of the distance education system in colleges and universities, this paper uses queuing theory to analyze the system performance of the system. The focus of this paper is the quantitative relationship between system communication intensity ρ, user arrival rate λ, system channel capacity n and system waiting delay, blocking probability, average queue length, system throughput and other important performance indicators. In teaching evaluation, the key factor that affects the quality of classroom teaching, that is, Developing a comprehensive system for evaluating classroom instruction is crucial. By incorporating student feedback, leveraging data mining techniques, and harnessing computer technology, a holistic framework for gathering, analyzing, and generating actionable insights on teaching performance is established. This approach makes the evaluation process more systematic and evidence-based, identifying 12 key elements that influence classroom education standards. In the experimental section, the student assessment data sets I1 and I2 exhibit experimental values (statistics) that significantly exceed the thresholds, with a minimum support of 0.32 and a confidence level of 0.61. Moreover, the Boolean matrix is divided into 90 points. The rule U1Ua ≥ U2 is identified as a subset of {U1U2Ua} within the large item set, signifying a strong association rule. These findings confirm the robustness of the artificial intelligence model proposed in this paper for video quality prediction. The optimized sensor video quality evaluation method not only meets a satisfactory confidence level and matching value but also demonstrates good reliability and relevance in the evaluation criteria.
Evaluation of solar distiller performance using steel wool pads, internal reflectors, and woven wire mesh: economic, environmental, and sustainability analysis
Authors: Ramzy Khaled , abdelAziz Eslam Ahmed , Alswat Mohammed , Kabeel Abd Elnaby , Al-Nagdy Ahmed A. , Abdelgaleel Mohamed 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Different researches were performed by using thermal storage materials, solar concentrators, reflectors, and other technologies to increase the productivity of solar stills. The main objective of the present study is to enhance the basin solar still productivity by using ecomaterials from the wastes of workshops and factories. So, this study presents an experimental investigation of basin solar still performance using steel wool pads, internal reflectors, and woven wire mesh. The experimental setup was performed at Suez Canal University, Ismailia City, Egypt. Two solar stills were included: one represents the conventional design (CSS), and the second one is the modified with steel wool pads, internal reflectors, and woven wire mesh (MSS). Both solar stills were evaluated under identical climate conditions, considering water depths of 1, 2, 3, and 4 cm, and the required parameters were measured and tabulated during the working days. The results indicated that incorporating these modifications led to a notable increase in accumulative productivity and daily thermal efficiency with minimum cost per liter. The MSS enhanced the daily yield and thermal efficiency by 22.1% and 28.0%, respectively, versus CSS at a water depth of 1 cm. In addition, the energy production factor (EPF), energy payback time (EPT), and the average exergy waste were 1.2 years, 0.85, and 400.2 J, respectively, for MSS. The annual exergy output, environmental effect factor (EEF), improvement potential (IP), and sustainability index were 462.7 kWh, 10.4, 290.6 W, and 1.09, respectively, for MSS. Finally, the cost per liter and the annual CO2 reduction over a lifetime for CSS and MSS were 0.023 $/l, 17.4 tons, and 0.11 $/l, 20.4 tons, respectively. These results align with and reinforce previous publications on desalination, highlighting the potential of these modifications for addressing the pressing challenges of affordable and efficient water using solar energy.