bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rolling over Simulation and Structure Optimization of Electric Automobile Charging Gun
Authors: Yuan Pengfei , Jiang Bingyun , Li Dayong , Liu Junlei , Wilfried Andre , Youani Tiako 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The anti-rolling performance of the electric vehicle charging gun is critical in its daily work. Firstly, to improve the accuracy of the simulation, the tire FEA model is modeled in detail, including the tire airbag simulation tire pressure, the Beam unit simulation tire bead wire, etc. We also calibrate the FEA model of the charging gun. Secondly, through the rolling-over simulation and comparison with the test results, both the gun heads are broken and the damage positions of both are the same, which indicates the accuracy of the rolling-over simulation model. Finally, based on the results of the rolling-over simulation and test, the structure of the charging gun is optimized, the rolling-over simulation and test are carried out again, and the charging gun head and the gun shell are not damaged. The results show that the simulation model can guide the design of the anti-rolling performance of charging gun.
Synthesis and Analysis of 3-CPC Space Mobile Parallel Mechanism
Authors: Hu X Y , Mao F L , Hu K 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The degree of freedom of 3-CPC space mobile parallel mechanism is calculated according to the screw theory, and the kinematics model of 3-CPC space mobile parallel mechanism is established by coordinate transformation method. By analyzing the forward and inverse kinematics, the Jacobian matrix 3-CPC space mobile parallel mechanism is derived. The workspace is obtained, and the kinematics performance is simulated. The results show that the forward and inverse kinematics of 3-CPC space mobile parallel mechanism is simple to solve, the workspace is large, and the mechanism has good kinematics performance and strong practical value. Finally, the 3-CPC space mobile mechanism is applied to the vibrating screen for material screening, and the motion trajectory of the moving platform is obtained. The kinematic performance analysis 3-CPC space mobile parallel mechanism provides the theoretical basis for the application of the mechanism.
Rebuilding Democracy, Mid 1930s to Mid 1950s
Authors: Bingham Adrian 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This chapter argues that from the mid 1930s the increasing strength of the democratic ideal and the growing prominence of working-class and left-wing voices in the public domain allowed the significant popular anger at mass unemployment and social inequality to be heard. The outbreak of the Second World War, and the discrediting of the Conservative policy of appeasement, generated a strong feeling that the reward for the sacrifices and hardships of conflict needed to be genuine and far-reaching reconstruction, rather than the false promises of the post-1918 period. Labour benefitted from these feelings and, with its unprecedented mobilization of working-class support, it swept to a landslide victory in 1945 and established itself as a party of government on equal terms with the Conservatives.
Physical activity and sedentary behaviour interventions for people living with both frailty and multiple long-term conditions and their informal carers: a scoping review and stakeholder consultation
Authors: Young Hannah M L , Henson Joseph , Dempsey Paddy C , Willis Scott A , Billany Roseanne E , Curtis Ffion , Gray Laura , Greenwood Sharlene , Herring Louisa Y , Highton Patrick , Kelsey Ryan J , Lock Selina , March Daniel S , Patel Krishna , Sargeant Jack , Sathanapally Harini , Sayer Avan A , Thomas Martha , Vadaszy Noemi , Watson Emma , Yates Tom , Davies Melanie 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Introduction
This scoping review mapped evidence on physical activity (including structured exercise) and sedentary behaviour interventions (interventions to reduce sedentary behaviour) in people living with both frailty and multiple long-term conditions (MLTCs) and their informal carers.

Methods
Ten databases and grey literature were searched from 2000 to October 2023. Two reviewers screened studies and one extracted data. Results were shared with three stakeholder groups (n = 21) in a consultation phase.

Results
After screening, 155 papers from 144 studies (1 ongoing) were retained. The majority were randomised controlled trials (86, 55%). Participants’ mean age was 73 ± 12 years, and 73% were of White ethnicity. MLTC and frailty measurement varied widely. Most participants were pre-to-moderately frail. Physical health conditions predominated over mental health conditions.
Interventions focused on structured exercise (83 studies, 60%) or combined interventions (55 studies, 39%). Two (1%) and one (0.7%) focused solely on habitual physical activity or sedentary behaviour. Adherence was 81% (interquartile range 62%–89%) with goal setting, monitoring and support important to adherence. Carers were only involved in 15 (11%) studies. Most interventions reported positive outcomes, primarily focusing on body functions and structures.

Conclusions
A modest volume of evidence exists on multicomponent structured exercise interventions, with less focus on habitual physical activity and sedentary behaviour. Interventions report largely positive effects, but an updated systematic review is required. The field could be advanced by more rigorous characterisation of MLTCs, socioeconomic status and ethnicity, increased informal carer involvement and further evaluation of habitual physical activity and sedentary behaviour interventions.
I remember you! Multicomponent warning signals and predator memory
Authors: Szabó Anita , Bělová Magdalena , Exnerová Alice 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
To avoid potentially noxious prey, predators need to discriminate between palatable and unpalatable prey species. Unpalatable prey often exhibits visual warning signals, which can consist of multiple components, such as color and pattern. Although the role of particular components of visual warning signals in predator discrimination learning has been intensively studied, the importance of different components for predator memory is considerably less understood. In this study, we tested adult wild-caught great tits (Parus major) to find out, which components of prey visual warning signals are important when the birds learn to discriminate between palatable and unpalatable prey, and when they remember their experience over a longer time period. Birds were trained to discriminate between palatable and unpalatable artificial prey items that differed in both color and pattern. After 4 wk, the birds were retested in 3 groups: the first group was presented with the same prey as in the training, the second group was tested with the two prey types differing only in color, and the third group could use only the pattern as a discrimination trait. The results suggest that the birds remember their experience with unpalatable prey even after the period of 4 wk. Although the color appears to be more important than the pattern, the combination of both signal components is more effective for prey recognition after several weeks than either the color or pattern alone.
STRPsearch: fast detection of structured tandem repeat proteins
Authors: Mozaffari Soroush , Arrías Paula Nazarena , Clementel Damiano , Piovesan Damiano , Ferrari Carlo , Tosatto Silvio C E , Monzon Alexander Miguel 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Motivation
Structured Tandem Repeats Proteins (STRPs) constitute a subclass of tandem repeats characterized by repetitive structural motifs. These proteins exhibit distinct secondary structures that form repetitive tertiary arrangements, often resulting in large molecular assemblies. Despite highly variable sequences, STRPs can perform important and diverse biological functions, maintaining a consistent structure with a variable number of repeat units. With the advent of protein structure prediction methods, millions of 3D models of proteins are now publicly available. However, automatic detection of STRPs remains challenging with current state-of-the-art tools due to their lack of accuracy and long execution times, hindering their application on large datasets. In most cases, manual curation remains the most accurate method for detecting and classifying STRPs, making it impracticable to annotate millions of structures.

Results
We introduce STRPsearch, a novel tool for the rapid identification, classification, and mapping of STRPs. Leveraging manually curated entries from RepeatsDB as the known conformational space of STRPs, STRPsearch uses the latest advances in structural alignment for a fast and accurate detection of repeated structural motifs in proteins, followed by an innovative approach to map units and insertions through the generation of TM-score profiles. STRPsearch is highly scalable, efficiently processing large datasets, and can be applied to both experimental structures and predicted models. In addition, it demonstrates superior performance compared to existing tools, offering researchers a reliable and comprehensive solution for STRP analysis across diverse proteomes.

Availability and implementation
STRPsearch is coded in Python. All scripts and associated documentation are available from: https://github.com/BioComputingUP/STRPsearch.
Sensitivities in protein allocation models reveal distribution of metabolic capacity and flux control
Authors: van den Bogaard Samira , Saa Pedro A , Alter Tobias B 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Motivation
Expanding on constraint-based metabolic models, protein allocation models (PAMs) enhance flux predictions by accounting for protein resource allocation in cellular metabolism. Yet, to this date, there are no dedicated methods for analyzing and understanding the growth-limiting factors in simulated phenotypes in PAMs.

Results
Here, we introduce a systematic framework for identifying the most sensitive enzyme concentrations (sEnz) in PAMs. The framework exploits the primal and dual formulations of these models to derive sensitivity coefficients based on relations between variables, constraints, and the objective function. This approach enhances our understanding of the growth-limiting factors of metabolic phenotypes under specific environmental or genetic conditions. Compared to other traditional methods for calculating sensitivities, sEnz requires substantially less computation time and facilitates more intuitive comparison and analysis of sensitivities. The sensitivities calculated by sEnz cover enzymes, reactions and protein sectors, enabling a holistic overview of the factors influencing metabolism. When applied to an Escherichia coli PAM, sEnz revealed major pathways and enzymes driving overflow metabolism. Overall, sEnz offers a computational efficient framework for understanding PAM predictions and unraveling the factors governing a particular metabolic phenotype.

Availability and implementation
sEnz is implemented in the modular toolbox for the generation and analysis of PAMs in Python (PAModelpy; v.0.0.3.3), available on Pypi (https://pypi.org/project/PAModelpy/). The source code together with all other python scripts and notebooks are available on GitHub (https://github.com/iAMB-RWTH-Aachen/PAModelpy).
Dynamic coloration switching of electrochemically synthesized silver nanoparticles on the ITO electrode using a polymer capping agent
Authors: Uji Shun , Nakamura Kazuki , Kobayashi Norihisa 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Silver nanoparticles associated with polyvinylpyrrolidone were synthesized using an electrochemical method. When the polyvinylpyrrolidone-adsorbed silver nanoparticles were immersed in solvents with hydroxyl groups, the polyvinylpyrrolidone interacted with the solvent by hydrogen bonding. Hence, the dielectric environment around silver nanoparticles changed, leading to dynamic coloration switching with high sensitivity, reversibility, and bistability owing to the localized surface plasmon resonance bands. This achievement can be expected to contribute to the solvatochromic devices for a kind of sensors or switches.
Predicting Risk of Tuberculosis (TB) Disease in People Who Migrate to a Low-TB Incidence Country: Development and Validation of a Multivariable, Dynamic Risk-Prediction Model Using Health Administrative Data
Authors: Puyat Joseph H , Brode Sarah K , Shulha Hennady , Romanowski Kamila , Menzies Dick , Benedetti Andrea , Duchen Raquel , Huang Anjie , Fang Jiming , Macdonald Liane , Marras Ted K , Rea Elizabeth , Kwong Jeffrey C , Campitelli Michael A , Campbell Jonathon R , Schwartzman Kevin , Cook Victoria J , Johnston James C 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Tuberculosis (TB) incidence remains disproportionately high in people who migrate to Canada and other countries with low TB incidence, but systematic TB screening and prevention in migrants are often cost-prohibitive for TB programs. We aimed to develop and validate a TB risk-prediction model to inform TB screening decisions in foreign-born permanent residents of Canada.

Methods
We developed and validated a proportional baselines landmark supermodel for TB risk prediction using health administrative data from British Columbia and Ontario, 2 distinct provincial healthcare systems in Canada. Demographic (age, sex, refugee status, year of entry, TB incidence in country of origin), TB exposure, and medical (human immunodeficiency virus, kidney disease, diabetes, solid organ transplantation, cancer) covariates were used to derive and test models in British Columbia; 1 model was chosen for external validation in the Ontario cohort. The model's ability to predict 2- and 5-year TB risk in the Ontario cohort was assessed using discrimination and calibration statistics.

Results
The study included 715 423 individuals (including 1407 people with TB disease) in the British Columbia derivation cohort and 958 131 individuals (including 1361 people with TB disease) in the Ontario validation cohort. The 2- and 5-year concordance statistic in the validation cohort was 0.77 (95% confidence interval [CI]: .75 to .78) and 0.77 (95% CI: .76 to .78), respectively. Calibration-in-the-large values were 0.14 (95% CI: .08 to .21) and −0.05 (95% CI: −.12 to .02) in 2- and 5-year prediction windows.

Conclusions
This prediction model, available online at https://tb-migrate.com, may improve TB risk stratification in people who migrate to low-incidence countries and may help inform TB screening policy and guidelines.
Closing the gap in Race-based Inequities for Seasonal Influenza Hospitalizations: A Modeling Study
Authors: Stafford Erin , Dimitrov Dobromir , Trinidad Susan Brown , Matrajt Laura 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Black, Indigenous, and other People of Color (BIPOC) communities bear a disproportional burden of seasonal influenza hospitalizations in the United States.

Methods
We developed a race-stratified (5 racial-ethnic groups) agent-based model of seasonal influenza transmission and quantify the effects of 5 idealized interventions aimed at reducing inequities in symptomatic infections and hospitalizations. The interventions assumed (1) equalized vaccination rates, (2) equalized comorbidities, (3) work-risk distribution proportional to the distribution of the population, (4) reduced work contacts for all, or (5) a combination of equalizing vaccination rates and comorbidities and reducing work contacts.

Results
Our analysis suggests that symptomatic infections could be greatly reduced (by up to 17% in BIPOC adults aged 18–49 years) by strategies reducing work contacts or equalizing vaccination rates. All tested interventions reduced the inequity in influenza hospitalizations in all racial-ethnic groups, but interventions equalizing comorbidities were the most effective, with more than 40% less hospitalizations in BIPOC groups. Inequities in hospitalizations in different racial-ethnic groups responded differently to interventions, pointing to the need of tailored interventions for different populations. Notably, these interventions resulted in better outcomes across all racial-ethnic groups, not only those prioritized by the interventions.

Conclusions
In this simulation modeling study, equalizing vaccination rates and reducing number of work contacts (eg, improving air filtration systems, tailored vaccination campaigns) reduced both inequity and the total number of symptomatic infections and hospitalizations in all age and racial-ethnic groups. Reducing inequity in influenza hospitalizations requires different interventions for different groups.
Delphi definition of general practice/family medicine specialty for a post-COVID world: in-person and remote care delivery
Authors: Prazeres Filipe , Jamoulle Marc , Kareli Ana , Collins Claire , Móczár Csaba , Wong Martin C S , Bhattacharya Sudip , Vinker Shlomo , Low L Leng , Abdul-Razak Suraya , Brooke Joanne , Verjee Mohamud A , Yaman Hakan , Prasad Pramendra , Søndergaard Jens , Pond Dimity , Hughes Lloyd , Cihan Fatma Goksin , Tsimtsiou Zoi , Harrison Christopher , Albarqouni Loai , Yuan Beibei , Lee Y Kong , Van Royen Paul , Govender Indiran , Arnetz Bengt B , O’Donnell Catherine A 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Introduction
The evolving landscape of general practice (GP)/family medicine (FM) in the post-COVID-19 era, focussing on integrating telemedicine and remote consultations requires a new definition for this specialty. Hence, a broader consensus-based definition of post-COVID-19 GP/FM is warranted.

Methods
This study involved a modified electronic Delphi technique involving 27 specialists working in primary care recruited via convenient and snowball sampling. The Delphi survey was conducted online between August 2022 and April 2023, utilizing the Google Forms platform. Descriptive statistics were employed to analyse consensus across Delphi rounds.

Results
Twenty-six international experts participated in the survey. The retention rate through the second and third Delphi rounds was 96.2% (n = 25). The broader consensus definition emphasizes person-centred care, collaborative patient-physician partnerships, and a holistic approach to health, including managing acute and chronic conditions through in-person or remote access based on patient preferences, medical needs, and local health system organization.

Conclusion
The study highlights the importance of continuity of care, prevention, and coordination with other healthcare professionals as core values of primary care. It also reflects the role of GP/FM in addressing new challenges post-pandemic, such as healthcare delivery beyond standard face-to-face care (e.g. remote consultations) and an increasingly important role in the prevention of infectious diseases. This underscores the need for ongoing research and patient involvement to continually refine and improve primary healthcare delivery in response to changing healthcare landscapes.
MiR-124-3p/EIF3B Regulates Host Cell Apoptosis Induced by Chlamydia psittaci Through PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway
Authors: Tong Ting , Li Yunfei , Zhou You , Zeng Xindian , Xiao Cui , Cao Saihong , Wang Chuan , Li Zhongyu , Zhou Zhou , Bai Qinqin , Chen Shenghua , Yan Shuwu , Chen Lili 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Chlamydia psittaci is a zoonotic pathogen known to cause respiratory diseases in humans. Chlamydia infections are closely associated with apoptosis, in which microRNAs (miRNAs) play regulatory roles. Herein, we demonstrated that C. psittaci infection induces apoptosis in human bronchial epithelial (HBE) cells and investigated regulatory mechanism involving miR-124-3p and the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Following C. psittaci infection in HBE cells, we observed an elevated HBE cell apoptosis, accompanied by upregulation of miR-124-3p levels. Mechanistically, we identified EIF3B as a novel target gene of miR-124-3p, supported by the inverse correlation of their mRNA expressions. MiR-124-3p inhibitor reduced apoptosis induced by C. psittaci, increased the replication of C. psittaci, and inhibited PI3K/AKT activation, whereas miR-124-3p mimic produced opposite effects, and transfection with EIF3B siRNA reversed the effects of miR-124-3p inhibitor. Our findings suggest that miR-124-3p targeting EIF3B promotes apoptosis in C. psittaci-infected HBE cells through activation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
Does periphyton turn less palatable under grazing pressure?
Authors: Zhu Feng , Tan Xiang , Wang Xingzhong , Zhang Quanfa 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Periphyton acts as an important primary producer in stream food webs with bottom-up grazing pressure and is also subject to effects of top-down grazing pressure. However, the underlying mechanisms of these interactions remain unclear. In this study we conducted a mesocosm experiment to explore the periphyton response to grazing pressure by the freshwater snail Bellamya aeruginosa in relation to food quality indicated by polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) biomarkers, including eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n3) and the 22C fatty acid docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n3), which are essential for cell growth and reproduction and cannot be synthesized by most consumers of periphyton. Results indicated that periphyton grazing pressure led to a decrease in Bacillariophyta, which contain high-quality PUFAs such as eicsapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid, and an increase in Cyanophyta and Chlorophyta, which are rich in 18C PUFAs such as linoleic acid (18:2n6) and alpha-linolenic acid (18:3n3). We observed upregulation of genes that participate in lipid metabolism promoting unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis, alpha-linolenic acid metabolism, and glycerophospholipid metabolism, which are related to the carbohydrate and energy metabolism maintaining the energy stability of periphyton. These results demonstrate that the food quality of periphyton decreased under grazing pressure and also elucidate the compositional, chemical, and molecular perspectives of the interactive bottom-up and top-down effects on structuring stream food webs.
Improved Three-Dimensional Reconstructions in Electron Ptychography through Defocus Series Measurements
Authors: Schloz Marcel , Pekin Thomas C , Brown Hamish G , Byrne Dana O , Esser Bryan D , Terzoudis-Lumsden Emmanuel , Taniguchi Takashi , Watanabe Kenji , Findlay Scott D , Haas Benedikt , Ciston Jim , Koch Christoph T 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
A detailed analysis of ptychography for three-dimensional (3D) phase reconstructions of thick specimens is performed. We introduce multi-focus ptychography, which incorporates a 4D-STEM defocus series to enhance the quality of 3D reconstructions along the beam direction through a higher overdetermination ratio. This method is compared with established multi-slice ptychography techniques, such as conventional ptychography, regularized ptychography, and multi-mode ptychography. Additionally, we contrast multi-focus ptychography with an alternative method that uses virtual optical sectioning through a reconstructed scattering matrix (S-matrix), which offers more precise 3D structure information compared to conventional ptychography. Our findings from multiple 3D reconstructions based on simulated and experimental data demonstrate that multi-focus ptychography surpasses other techniques, particularly in accurately reconstructing the surfaces and interface regions of thick specimens.