bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of Underwater Laser Scaling Adapter
Authors: Bluss Kaspars 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
In this paper the developed laser scaling adapter is presented. The scaling adapter is equipped with a twin laser unit where the two parallel laser beams are projected onto any target giving an exact indication of scale. The body of the laser scaling adapter is made of Teflon, the density of which is approximately two times the water density. The development involved multiple challenges - numerical hydrodynamic calculations for choosing an appropriate shape which would reduce the effects of turbulence, an accurate sealing of the power supply and the laser diodes, and others. The precision is estimated by the partial derivation method. Both experimental and theoretical data conclude the overall precision error to be in the 1% margin. This paper presents the development steps of such an underwater laser scaling adapter for a remotely operated vehicle (ROV).
Energy Saving and GHG Emission Reduction in a Micro-CCHP System by Use of Solar Energy
Authors: Ion Ion V. , Ciocea Gheorghe , Popescu Florin 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
In this work, the reduction of greenhouse gas emission, and the energy saving by integrating solar collectors and photovoltaic panels in a Stirling engine based microcombined cooling, heating and power (mCCHP) system are studied. The mCCHP system consists of a natural gas Stirling CHP and an adsorber chiller. When the thermal outputs of the Stirling CHP and solar collectors are not sufficient to cover the heat demand for domestic hot water (DHW), heating/cooling, an auxiliary heating boiler starts to operate. The energy saving by using solar energy varies from 13.35% in December to 59.62% in April, in the case of solar collectors usage and from 7.47% in December to 28.27% in July, in the case of photovoltaic panels usage. By using solar energy the annual GHG emission decreases by 31.98% and the fuel cost reduction varies from 12.73% in December to 49.78% in June.
Transfer of Metals in Food Chain: An Example with Copper and Lettuce
Authors: Vincevica-Gaile Zane , Klavins Maris 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Present study investigated the possible transfer of metals in the food chain (from soil to edible plants). The experiment was done with lettuce Lactuca sativa grown in different types of soil contaminated with copper (Cu2+) in various concentrations, with or without addition of humic substances. The highest content of copper was detected in lettuce samples grown in soils with lower levels of organic matter, thus indicating the importance of soil organics in metal transfer routes and accumulation rates in plants. It was found that copper accumulation in lettuce grown in contaminated soils can be significantly reduced by the addition of humic substances.
Apresentação. Objetos Inquietos
Authors: João Neto Maria , Malta Marize 
Published: May 2018

As chaves de leitura tradicionais sobre os objetos (práticos, poéticos, cotidianos, artísticos, banais, excepcionais) consideram-nos na inércia, desenvolvendo-se poucas análises sobre seus movimentos, suas ações no espaço e no tempo, suas atuações no mundo, especialmente no campo da história da arte. Mas podemos pensar que a condição de imobilidade é uma situação temporária e o destino de muitos objetos é sua errância. Há inúmeros objetos inquietos, como há múltiplos modos de inquietude em objetos. Alguns, saindo da sua inércia, assumem uma lógica desordenada e imprevisível de atuação, assumindo uma identidade particular. Existem uns que, frente à sua potência poética em sobressalto, nos deixam atônitos, com a mente agitada, sem condições de nos manter passivos, fazendo-nos ver, ouvir, sentir de maneira incomum. Outros nos instigam a rever paradigmas, conhecimentos dados e visualidades datadas. Alguns fazem nos movimentar com eles ou pelo menos nos provocam mobilidade, ao circundá-los, penetrá-los, experimentá-los. Alguns nos incitam a nos movermos por destinos ainda não explorados, fazendo com que nossos corpos empreendam, necessariamente, novas posturas. Certos objetos tiveram como destino várias paragens, reinventando-se a cada lugar ocupado e incidindo sobre a conformação do lugar, como se nunca conseguissem se acomodar em determinada situação. Isso também pode ocorrer nos enquadramentos classificatórios, quando os rótulos não conseguem dar conta da natureza múltipla e ambígua dos objetos inquietos. Sua inquietude também implica se manterem como enigmas, dificultando-nos decifrar aquilo que guardam e não dizem, que escapam às nossas indagações, ou se manterem como errantes ou metamórficos que, por sua propensão a mudanças constantes, de lugar e de aparência, atrapalham percebê-los em suas variantes.
Aplikasi Sistem Pencarian Halte BRT Terdekat Kota Semarang Menggunakan Metode A* Berbasis Android
Authors: Pramudhita Abimanyu Cahya , Muljono Muljono 
Published: May 2018

BRT (Bus Rapid Transit) is one of public transportation that can be used in Semarang City. This bus is operated to break down the congestion in Semarang city which is increasing. This paper aims to make the application of the bus stop search system closest and is expected to facilitate the people of Semarang city in the use of BRT (Bus Rapid Transit). A* Algorithm, This algorithm is a Best First Search algorithm that combines Uniform Cost Search and Greedy Best-First Search. Where the Price considered f(n) is derived from the actual price g(n) plus the approximate price h(n). The created application provides the nearest stop information by using the A* method. From the calculations performed using the A* method and conducted 20 experiments at different locations, the A* method has 100% accuracy in determining the nearest up and down stops, if in an accurate Global Positioning System.
Variasi Konsentrasi Alfa Siklodekstrin dan Waktu Sentrifugasi Dalam Preparasi Serum Lipemik Pada Pemeriksaan Glukosa Metode GOD-PAP
Authors: Izzati Arfa , Riyani Ani 
Published: May 2018

Pemeriksaan kadar glukosa metode GOD-PAP di dalam serum dapat terganggu dengan adanya kekeruhan disebabkan oleh serum lipemik yang menyebabkan hasil kadar glukosa dalam serum tinggi palsu. Penambahan alfa-siklodekstrin (α-CD) dapat mengikat lipemik di dalam serum. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui konsentrasi dari alfa-siklodekstrin dan waktu sentrifugasi yang optimal dengan penambahan alfa-siklodekstrin. Menambahkan variasi konsentrasi alfa-siklodekstrin 0.5%, 1%, dan 1.5% pada pooled serum dengan variasi kadar trigliserida ±1000 mg/dL, ±1500 mg/dL dan ±2000 mg/dL lalu inkubasi selama 30 menit pada suhu 4oC. Sentrifugasi dengan kecepatan 3000 rpm pada variasi waktu sentrifugasi selama 5 menit, 10 menit dan 15 menit pada suhu 4oC sampai terbentuk endapan dan supernatan. Supernatan yang terbentuk diukur kadar glukosa metode GOD-PAP dan trigliserida metode GPO-PAP menggunakan alat fotometer. Hasil yang didapatkan, tidak terdapat perbedaan pada suatu nilai secara signifikan dari variasi waktu sentrifugasi dan variasi konsentrasi alfa-siklodekstrin setelah dibandingkan dengan kadar glukosa pooled serum awal (base line) pada uji ANOVA, uji Kruskall Wallis dan uji Mann Whitney. Kesimpulan yang didapatkan, tidak terdapat perbedaan signifikan terhadap pooled serum awal (base line) pada waktu sentrifugasi dengan kadar trigliserida ± 1000 mg/dL dengan kadar alfa-siklodekstrin 0.5% pada waktu sentrifugasi selama 10 menit, kadar trigliserida ± 1500 mg/dL dan ± 2000 mg/dL dengan kadar alfa-siklodekstrin 1%, dengan waktu sentrifugasi selama 5 menit.
Reindeer Rangifer tarandus fences as a mortality factor for ptarmigan Lagopus spp.
Authors: Bevanger Kjetil , Brøseth Henrik 
Published: May 2018

To assess how important reindeer Rangifer tarandus fences are as a mortality factor for ptarmigan Lagopus spp. we collected data during 1991–1994. Our fieldwork covered 12 different sections of reindeer fence (totalling 71.1 km) in the county of Finnmark, northern Norway. The sections consisted of steel wire, steel netting or a combination of these, and ranged in height from 100 to 250 cm. The fieldwork took the form of spring patrols during which dead birds and their remains were searched for along the fences immediately after snow melt. We covered a total of 179.9 km and found 253 collision victims belonging to at least 20 species. Of the 253 victims found, 215 were willow ptarmigan Lagopus lagopus and rock ptarmigan L. mutus; thus these two species comprised 85% of the victims. During the winters of 1992/93 and 1993/94, we carried out experiments with dummy willow ptarmigan which were placed along fence sections and monitored serving as artificial fencestrike victims. Our experiments showed that approximately 64% of the total number of ptarmigan killed by the fences during winter would be detected during spring patrols along the fences. The type and height of the fence had no effect on the ptarmigan collision rate. In contrast, both the fence section and year factor contributed significantly to the observed variation in collision rate. We estimate that on average 1.4 ± 0.5 (SE) ptarmigan are being killed per kilometre of reindeer fence in Finnmark annually, with a greater variation between fence sections than between years.
Energetics of feeding on winter wheat versus pasture grasses: a window of opportunity for winter range expansion in the pink‐footed goose Anser brachyrhynchus
Authors: Therkildsen Ole R. , Madsen Jesper 
Published: May 2018

Traditionally, pink‐footed geese Anser brachyrhynchus wintering in Denmark, the Netherlands and Belgium have used the Danish sites only during mild winters, rapidly moving southwards in case of cold spells. Since the 1980s, an increasing number of geese have remained on the Danish wintering grounds despite cold spells, foraging on pastures and winter wheat Triticum aestivum fields. We compare the daily time and energy budgets and the food quality in the two habitats during winter. Winter wheat fields were increasingly used by the geese as temperatures dropped. At temperatures around 0°C, the geese foraged in both habitats, spending on average 83.8% and 74.9% of the daytime foraging in pastures and winter wheat, respectively. The estimated daily energy expenditure was slightly higher on pastures than on winter wheat fields (1,076 vs 1,057 kJ). The estimated daily food intake determined using the ‘marker substance’ method was 148 and 157 g ash free dry weight (AFDW) in geese feeding on pastures and winter wheat fields, respectively, equivalent to a daily net energy intake of 1,109 kJ and 1,145 kJ. Daily food intake, estimated on the basis of oesophagus contents of collected birds, was 170 g AFDW in pasture feeding geese and varied within 159–229 g AFDW in winter wheat feeding geese. In the mild winter, the protein content in winter wheat and Poa did not differ, whereas in the severe winter the protein content remained high in winter wheat but decreased in Poa. During the winters of 1994–1996, the abdominal profile index, API, in individually neck‐banded geese observed repeatedly, only changed significantly during late January 1996. Neither during cold spells was there any change in API. Since the 1980s, the area covered by winter wheat has increased markedly in Denmark. Because winter wheat represents a reliable and profitable food source even in severe winters, the recent change in agricultural practice has enhanced the development of a new wintering strategy of pink‐footed geese, allowing a northward expansion of their winter range. Potentially, this will increase the crop damage conflict and may lead to further population growth.
Modelling water level influence on habitat choice and food availability for Zostera feeding brent geese Branta bernicla in non‐tidal areas
Authors: Clausen Preben 
Published: May 2018

Brent geese Branta bernicla spring fattening around Agerø, Denmark, alternate between feeding on saltmarshes and submerged Zostera beds in Limfjorden. It appeared from field observations that these alternations depended on the water level in Limfjorden. A model was developed to assess the impact of water level fluctuations on the habitat use. A second model was developed to estimate the impact of water level on Zostera availability. The first model was successful in demonstrating that fluctuations in water levels had considerable influence on habitat use by the brent geese, i.e. they fed on Zostera at low water levels and on saltmarshes during high water levels, particularly so in early spring, and that the switch between habitats occurred within a narrow water level span of ca 30 cm. The second model demonstrated that the switch between habitats could be explained by lowered availability of Zostera as water levels increased. By combining the output from the two models, differences between years could partly be explained by differences in Zostera availability in the early spring period (21 March ‐ 25 April), whereas a more complicated situation was detected later in spring (26 April ‐ 31 May). The models presented may be considered as tools in investigations of habitat use and carrying capacity of seagrass beds in non‐tidal areas, where birds' access to feeding areas regularly may be hindered by high water levels.
Habitat use, chick survival and density of Caucasian black grouse Tetrao mlokosiewiczi
Authors: Drovetski Serguei V. , Rohwer Sievert 
Published: May 2018

We surveyed Caucasian black grouse Tetrao mlokosiewiczi residing on the Lagonakskiy Ridge, northwestern Caucasus, Russia, in June‐July 1998, and on the Magisho Ridge in July 1999. Weather affected habitat use by brood hens: on sunny days 18 broods were encountered in meadows, six in ravines, and three in pine forests; on wet days broods moved to the ridge tops (N = 9) and only one was observed in pine forest. Subadult males used the same habitats as females with broods. Seven of eight adult males were encountered in ravines; only one was encountered in a meadow. Habitat use by adult males was not affected by weather and differed from habitat use by females and subadult males. Well‐camouflaged females, chicks and subadult males used relatively open, food‐rich habitats, whereas black adult males preferred ravines, where nutrition was poor, but where tall grass protected them from aerial predators. One nest with five hatched eggs was found. In broods an average of one chick per 10 days was lost. A goshawk Accipiter gentilis killed one adult female. Our density estimate of 2.3 adults/km2 for the Lagonakskiy Ridge was similar to densities reported elsewhere (2.3 ± 1.2; N = 7).
Rutting pit distribution and the significance of fallow deer Dama dama scrapes during the rut
Authors: Stenström David , Dahlblom Stina , Jones Fur Cheryl , Höglund Jacob 
Published: May 2018

We studied the distribution of rutting pits and the role of scraping during the rut in a south Swedish population of fallow deer Dama dama. Pits are large patches of bare soil found at the centre of mating stands where most of the rutting activities take place. The location of rutting pits in the study area was not significantly different from a random distribution in any of the five years of the study. Thus, there was no evidence of aggregation of rutting pits. Scrapes are small patches of bare soil found throughout the areas of deer activity. Only bucks showed any interest in scrapes. Within a 10 day period half the scrapes were rescraped at least once. Larger scrapes were more frequently rescraped than smaller ones. Frayings, i.e. removal of bark and subsequent scent marking on bushes and small trees close to scrapes, also had a positive effect on the frequency of rescraping. Artificial scrapes made close to real scrapes attracted less rescraping than natural scrapes. This might indicate that a scrape is preferentially rescraped by the buck who first created it. We found a tendency that scrapes were made in the direction of other stands/ pits, possibly indicating that they may function as territorial marks. However, the fallow deer bucks in our study do not seem to mark territorial boundaries, rather the intensity of markings tends to decrease with distance from the rutting pit suggesting that scraping may instead be used in male status signalling.
USING LOCAL IRAQI MATERIALS IN PRODUCTION OF REFRACTORY BONDING MORTAR
Authors: Al Hwaidy Katreen , Hassan Shatha , Eedan Osama 
Published: May 2018

The Iraqi kaolin clay was used as a raw material in this research. three mix proportion was applied, (96:4), (93:7) and (90:10) as (kaolin grog: kaolin binding ). The specimens of mortar were burning at 1500ᵒC, after producing a refractory aggregate (grog) by preparation process mixing with sodium silicate solution as adhesive material with 5% by weight of the mix. The mechanical tests were carried (compressive and bonding) strength, durability investigations (thermal shrinkage, and reheating expansion), and the physical investigation was carried (bulk density, specific gravity, apparent porosity and water absorption). It was found the first mix (96:4) recorded the highest compressive strength befor burning and bonding after burning, and the best physical properties after burning at 1500 ºC, with mix proportion (96: 4), while the highest compressive strength after burning were the mix three (90: 10).
KİŞİLİK ÖZELLİKLERİ İLE GİRİŞİMCİLİK EĞİLİMİ ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİ: SÜLEYMAN DEMİREL ÜNİVERSİTESİ ÖĞRENCİLERİ ÜZERİNE BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: GÖKTAŞ Pınar , KAZAFEROĞLU Erol 
Published: May 2018

Bu çalışmanın
amacı, Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi’nde girişimcilik dersi alan öğrencilerin
kişilik özellikleriyle girişimcilik eğilimleri arasındaki ilişkiyi
incelemektir. Araştırmanın evrenini Isparta’da eğitim gören Süleyman Demirel
Üniversitesi girişimcilik dersi alan öğrenciler oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın
örneklemini ise 12 fakülteden seçilen 647 lisans öğrencisi oluşturmaktadır.
Beş Faktör Kişilik Ölçeği ve girişimcilik eğilimi ölçeğinden yararlanılmıştır.
Elde edilen veriler SPSS programı kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma
girişimcilik dersi alan öğrencilerin girişimcilik eğilimlerinin belirlenmesi
ve kişilik özelliklerinin girişimcilik eğilimleri üzerindeki etkilerinin
saptanabilmesi açısından önem taşımaktadır.
Bu araştırma gelecekteki araştırmalarda girişimcilik dersi alan
öğrenciler ile almayan öğrencilerin girişimcilik eğilimlerinin kıyaslaması
açısın-dan fayda sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir. Dolayısıyla bu çalışmada
öğrencilerin kişilik özellikleri ile girişimcilik eğilimleri ilişkisi tespit
edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Dışa-dönüklük, Deneyime Açıklık, Uyumluluk, Özdisiplin
kişilik özellikleri girişimcilik eğilimine pozitif yönde etki ederken
Nevrotiklik kişilik özelliğinin girişimcilik eğilimine negatif etki ettiği
gözlemlenmiştir. Ayrıca öğrencilerin okudukları fakülteye, cinsiyete, medeni
durumlarına ve çocukluk yıllarını geçirdikleri yerlere göre girişimcilik
eğilimlerinin farklılaşıp farklılaşmadığına bakılmış ve herhangi bir
farklılaşma tespit edilmemiştir.
Spitzer Light Curves of the Young, Planetary-mass TW Hya Members 2MASS J11193254–1137466AB and WISEA J114724.10–204021.3
Authors: Schneider Adam C. , Hardegree-Ullman Kevin K. , Cushing Michael C. , Kirkpatrick J. Davy , Shkolnik Evgenya L. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
We present Spitzer Space Telescope time-series photometry at 3.6 and 4.5 μm of 2MASS J11193254−1137466AB and WISEA J114724.10−204021.3, two planetary-mass, late-type (∼L7) brown dwarf members of the ∼10 Myr old TW Hya Association. These observations were taken in order to investigate whether or not a tentative trend of increasing variability amplitude with decreasing surface gravity seen for L3–L5.5 dwarfs extends to later-L spectral types and to explore the angular momentum evolution of low-mass objects. We examine each light curve for variability and find a rotation period of 19.39+0.33
−0.28 hr and semi-amplitudes of 0.798+0.081
−0.083% at 3.6 μm and 1.108+0.093
−0.094% at 4.5 μm for WISEA J114724.10−204021.3. For 2MASS J11193254−1137466AB, we find a single period of 3.02+0.04
−0.03 hr with semi-amplitudes of 0.230+0.036
−0.035% at 3.6 μm and 0.453 ± 0.037% at 4.5 μm, which we find is possibly due to the rotation of one component of the binary. Combining our results with 12 other late-type L dwarfs observed with Spitzer from the literature, we find no significant differences between the 3.6 μm amplitudes of low surface gravity and field gravity late-type L brown dwarfs at Spitzer wavelengths, and find tentative evidence (75% confidence) of higher amplitude variability at 4.5 μm for young, late-type Ls. We also find a median rotation period of young brown dwarfs (10–300 Myr) of ∼10 hr, more than twice the value of the median rotation period of field-age brown dwarfs (∼4 hr), a clear signature of brown dwarf rotational evolution.
Entreprises religieuses transnationales en Afrique de l'Ouest
Authors: Kadya Tall Emmanuelle 
Published: May 2018

L’auteur dresse le portrait de cinq chefs de culte anti-sorcellerie ( Tron et Mami Wata ), en privilégiant la description des réseaux nationaux, inter- et transnationaux auxquels ils appartiennent. L’échantillon retenu éclaire deux dynamiques à première vue contradictoires : celle de l’ancrage dans le tissu social local et celle qui tend à élargir son horizon en prenant au pied de la lettre les discours sur la mondialisation. Néanmoins, la logique pragmatique qui marque leurs cultes rend évidente la complémentarité des deux démarches. Pour conclure, l’auteur tente, à partir de l’expérience vécue de ses informateurs, une réflexion sur le concept de transnationalisation.
Une intolérance bien légère ? Les judaïsants d'Anvers (xvie et xviie siècles)
Authors: Muchnik Natalia 
Published: May 2018

Aux xvie et xviie siècles, Anvers accueille de nombreux
nouveaux-chrétiens d’origine juive exilés de la péninsule Ibérique et
que l’on désigne alors comme Portugais. L’implantation de ces
« marchands portugais », que l’on soupçonne de crypto-judaïsme,
suscite des conflits de juridiction entre les différents pouvoirs en
présence et fait apparaître les divergences existant entre les
autorités locales et les Habsbourg qui alternent répression et
privilèges. Les fluctuations des politiques à l’égard des judéoconvers
interrogent la dimension pragmatique de la tolérance dans une terre en
principe soumise à la surveillance inquisitoriale. Ce pragmatisme, et
les contradictions de l’« illusion de l’invisibilité » de la déviance,
s’expriment d’ailleurs avec force au milieu du xviie siècle dans le projet
d’établissement d’une communauté juive officielle, dans les environs
d’Anvers, alors même que le Saint-Office frappe durement les marranes
en Espagne.
TRIM29 Negatively Regulates the Type I IFN Production in Response to RNA Virus
Authors: Xing Junji , Zhang Ao , Minze Laurie J. , Li Xian Chang , Zhang Zhiqiang 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
The innate immunity is critically important in protection against virus infections, and in the case of RNA viral infections, the signaling mechanisms that initiate robust protective innate immunity without triggering autoimmune inflammation remain incompletely defined. In this study, we found the E3 ligase TRIM29 was specifically expressed in poly I:C–stimulated human myeloid dendritic cells. The induced TRIM29 played a negative role in type I IFN production in response to poly I:C or dsRNA virus reovirus infection. Importantly, the challenge of wild-type mice with reovirus led to lethal infection. In contrast, deletion of TRIM29 protected the mice from this developing lethality. Additionally, TRIM29−/− mice have lower titers of reovirus in the heart, intestine, spleen, liver, and brain because of elevated production of type I IFN. Mechanistically, TRIM29 was shown to interact with MAVS and subsequently induce its K11-linked ubiquitination and degradation. Taken together, TRIM29 regulates negatively the host innate immune response to RNA virus, which could be employed by RNA viruses for viral pathogenesis.