bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
3D Printed Composite Scaffolds Incorporating Ruthenium Complex–Loaded Liposomes as a Delivery System to Prevent the Proliferation of MG‐63 Cells
Authors: Ye Lijuan , Wang Jingguang , Liao Cancheng , Li Shuqi , Fang Yuqi , Yang Zhuohong , Hu Yang , Guo Bohong 
Published: July 2019

AbstractOwing to the propensity of osteosarcoma to recur and metastasize, the administration of a topical treatment to enhance the therapeutic effect of conventional therapy is necessary. To develop a locally released drug delivery system (DDS) to inhibit the growth and recurrence of osteosarcoma, hydrophobically modified silica nanoparticles (m‐SiO2)/poly(ε‐caprolactone) (PCL) porous scaffolds are fabricated by 3D printing emulsion inks. Ruthenium‐loaded PEGylated liposomes (RL) are then incorporated into the scaffolds to obtain the Ruthenium‐loaded PEGylated liposome scaffold (RLS) composite. The emulsion inks and the density, porosity, morphology, and mechanical properties of the scaffolds are characterized. The results indicate that the composite DDS has a relatively uniform porous structure with good mechanical properties. Drug is released from RLS in a relatively sustained manner over 48 h, which demonstrates the potential of RLS as a drug carrier. In addition, the MG‐63 cell viability and apoptosis rate are evaluated by MTT assays. The cell experiments reveal that RLS triggers mitochondrial dysfunction resulting in MG‐63 cell apoptosis. All the results indicate that RLS provides a promising approach for improving the treatment of osteosarcoma.
Frank–Kasper Phases Identified in PDMS‐b‐PTFEA Copolymers with High Conformational Asymmetry
Authors: Jeon Seungbae , Jun Taesuk , Jo Seongjun , Ahn Hyungju , Lee Seungwoo , Lee Byeongdu , Ryu Du Yeol 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIn the search for the formation of Frank–Kasper phases from diblock copolymer self‐assembly, a series of compositionally asymmetric poly(dimethylsiloxane)‐b‐poly(2,2,2‐triflouroethyl acrylate)s (PDMS‐b‐PTFEAs) are synthesized to produce PDMS‐rich phases with PDMS volume fractions (fPDMS) ranging from 0.746 to 0.869. As determined by small‐angle X‐ray scattering analysis, the Frank–Kasper σ and C14 phases are identified at fPDMS = 0.796 and 0.851, respectively, plausibly due to high conformational asymmetry (ε ≈ 2.20) between the two blocks. Intriguingly, the σ phase develops during heating from a short‐range liquid‐like packing (LLP) state, whereas the C14 phase is achieved at room temperature, which are both followed by a disordering at higher temperatures. Based on thermal experiments from a super cooled disordered state, the findings further provide compelling evidence of an LLP‐hexagonally packed cylinder‐σ transition and a direct pathway to the C14 phase during heating from an LLP state.
Probabilistic model for the estimation of the consumer exposure to methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus due to cross‐contamination and recontamination
Authors: Plaza‐Rodríguez Carolina , Kaesbohrer Annemarie , Tenhagen Bernd‐Alois 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe presence of multidrug‐resistant bacteria like methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in retail meat is one of the current concerns of the public health authorities. Bacterial cross‐contamination and recontamination during household food preparation could play an important role in the dissemination of such bacteria, and therefore could contribute to a serious health problem, more specifically for immunocompromised people. In order to evaluate the importance of such events, a probabilistic model was developed to estimate the likelihood and extent of cross‐contamination and recontamination and the burden of MRSA from contaminated raw chicken meat via hands and kitchen utensils in a serving (consisting on a slice of bread and a piece of grilled chicken meat) during a household barbecue in Germany. A modular design was used, taking into account the chronological order of the routines during the barbecue event, and Monte Carlo simulations were applied. Available data on the prevalence and burden of MRSA in chicken meat at retail in Germany were used as starting point and were incorporated in the model as probability distributions. The probabilities and extent of bacterial transfer between food items and kitchen utensils (referred to as “Objects”) and the routines performed during food preparation (referred to as “Actions”) specified by their probabilities of occurrence were incorporated as the main input parameters. The model was set up in R 3.5.0 and converted to a standardized format (FSKX file). Therefore, the code can be easily accessed, evaluated, modified, and reused for different purposes. The present study contributes to the quantification of consumer exposure to MRSA through food consumption once contaminated food has entered the household kitchen. Even when the MRSA prevalence and bacterial load in retail chicken meat in Germany are low, resistant bacteria can reach the consumer due to cross‐contamination and recontamination events. The results show that the probability of one CFU to be transferred from the contaminated raw chicken meat to the final serving and the number of MRSA bacteria transferred due to cross‐contamination and recontamination events are in general low, being the contamination of the final serving more likely to occur via bread, rather than via grilled chicken. The results show that the prevalence of MRSA at retail highly influences the probability of the final serving to be contaminated. However, this study also highlights the importance of keeping good hygiene practices during the household food manipulation for reducing the spread of MRSA. The provision of the model in a standardized data format will allow an easy incorporation of the developed model into a complete quantitative microbial risk assessment model that will greatly help to estimate the risk of consumer exposure to MRSA through the consumption of contaminated food.
TSLP and TSLP receptors variants are associated with smoking
Authors: Semlali Abdelhabib , Almutairi Mikhlid , Azzi Arezki , Reddy Parine Narasimha , AlAmri Abdullah , Alsulami Saleh , Meshal Alumri Talal , Saud Alanazi Mohammad , Rouabhia Mahmoud 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundTo search for new prevention markers for early detection of the diseases caused by tobacco, we aimed to investigate the polymorphisms in TSLP and TSLPRs associated with cigarette smoking in the Saudi population.Materials and methodsSamples were collected from 177 smokers and 126 healthy controls. Three TSLP SNPs [rs3806933, rs2289276, and rs10043985], three TSLPR SNPs [rs36133495, rs36177645, and rs36139698], and two IL7R SNPs rs1053496 and rs12516866 were analyzed by genotyping.ResultsTwo TSLP SNPs (rs10043985 and rs3806933) and one TSLPR SNP (rs36139698) showed significant correlations with smoking behavior, but not IL7R rs12516866 and rs1053496. rs10043985 showed a clear association with long‐term smoking regardless of daily cigarette consumption. rs2289276 was associated with short‐term smoking but not with daily cigarette consumption. rs3806933 was highly associated with different smoker subgroups. Rs36139698 was highly associated with long‐term smokers who consumed ≥20 cigarettes/day, and the “T” allele was associated only with individuals who smoked ≤20 cigarettes/day. Rs36139698 corresponds to a P195L substitution and produces a TSLPR mutant with a predicted ΔΔG increase of 2.15 kcal/mol and has a more stable structure than the wild‐type variant.ConclusionsInvestigating TSLP and TSLPR polymorphisms is crucial for elucidating the mechanisms underlying tobacco‐induced diseases.
Germline pathogenic variant in PIK3CA leading to symmetrical overgrowth with marked macrocephaly and mild global developmental delay
Authors: Zollino Marcella , Ranieri Carlotta , Grossi Valentina , Leoni Chiara , Lattante Serena , Mazzà Daniela , Simone Cristiano , Resta Nicoletta 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundActivating pathogenic variants in PIK3CA gene usually occur at a mosaic status and underlie a variety of segmental overgrowth phenotypes. Germline variants in PIK3CA have been rarely reported, described in a total of 12 patients with macrocephaly to date. Clinical and prognostic features of these germline variants have not been described in detail yet.MethodsTargeted deep sequencing by custom panel of the 21 genes involved in the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway was performed in a 13‐year‐old boy with macrocephaly and physical overgrowth. PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway analysis was performed in fibroblasts by Western blot. The effects of miransertib (AKT inhibitor) and rapamycin (mTOR inhibitor) were assessed.ResultsA de novo pathogenic variant (c.1090G>C; p.Gly364Arg) in PIK3CA gene was detected in a non‐mosaic status in peripheral blood cells, buccal smears, and skin fibroblasts. Increased levels of phosphorylated AKT residues were observed in fibroblasts, rescued by miransertib.ConclusionGermline variants in PIK3CA are associated to a mild phenotype characterized by overgrowth, severe macrocephaly, mild intellectual disability, and few dysmorphic features. Investigations of PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway should be performed in patients with severe macrocephaly and unspecific physical overgrowth. Longitudinal studies to assess prognosis and cancer predisposition are recommended.
Plasma Metabolites Associated with Frequent Red Wine Consumption: A Metabolomics Approach within the PREDIMED Study
Authors: Hernández‐Alonso Pablo , Papandreou Christopher , Bulló Mònica , Ruiz‐Canela Miguel , Dennis Courtney , Deik Amy , Wang Dong D. , Guasch‐Ferré Marta , Yu Edward , Toledo Estefanía , Razquin Cristina , Corella Dolores , Estruch Ramon , Ros Emilio , Fitó Montserrat , Arós Fernando , Fiol Miquel , Serra‐Majem Lluís , Liang Liming , Clish Clary B. , Martínez‐González Miguel A , Hu Frank B , Salas‐Salvadó Jordi 
Published: July 2019

ScopeThe relationship between red wine (RW) consumption and metabolism is poorly understood. It is aimed to assess the systemic metabolomic profiles in relation to frequent RW consumption as well as the ability of a set of metabolites to discriminate RW consumers.Methods and resultsA cross‐sectional analysis of 1157 participants is carried out. Subjects are divided as non‐RW consumers versus RW consumers (>1 glass per day RW [100 mL per day]). Plasma metabolomics analysis is performed using LC–MS. Associations between 386 identified metabolites and RW consumption are assessed using elastic net regression analysis taking into consideration baseline significant covariates. Ten‐cross‐validation (CV) is performed and receiver operating characteristic curves are constructed in each of the validation datasets based on weighted models. A subset of 13 metabolites is consistently selected and RW consumers versus nonconsumers are discriminated. Based on the multi‐metabolite model weighted with the regression coefficients of metabolites, the area under the curve is 0.83 (95% CI: 0.80–0.86). These metabolites mainly consisted of lipid species, some organic acids, and alkaloids.ConclusionsA multi‐metabolite model identified in a Mediterranean population appears useful to discriminate between frequent RW consumers and nonconsumers. Further studies are needed to assess the contribution of these metabolites in health and disease.
An adaptive material point method coupled with a phase‐field fracture model for brittle materials
Authors: Cheon Young‐Jo , Kim Hyun‐Gyu 
Published: July 2019

SummaryIn this study, a new adaptive method for crack propagation analysis is developed by using the material point method coupled with a phase‐field fracture model for brittle materials. A background grid of material particles is adaptively refined based on the amount of material damage to resolve the length scale in the phase‐field evolution equation. A division process of the material particles associated with the refined background cells is also performed to increase the resolution of solutions near the crack tip. The effectiveness and validity of the proposed method is assessed through several numerical examples for crack propagation in brittle materials.
Morality and a Mosbi Market
Authors: Hukula Fiona 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTMarkets in Port Moresby like elsewhere in the world provide a space for economic activity and social interaction. This article engages with two moral concerns that arise from the market. Firstly, I present a description of how the ban of the sale of betel nut is being negotiated by vendors and customers alike in the face of threats of violence from enforcement officials such as police. Secondly, I present concerns that arise at the local Village Court, which is also housed at the market. Both activities invoke debate about morality as they raise discussion about citizen and government responsibility, ideas of place and ways of being.
A systematic review on the use of the emotion thermometer in individuals diagnosed with cancer
Authors: Harju Erika , Michel Gisela , Roser Katharina 
Published: July 2019

AbstractObjectivePhysiological and psychological sequelae are frequent after a cancer diagnosis and also on the long term. Screening could help detect psychological distress early and thus enable timely provision of adequate treatment. The emotion thermometer (ET) is a validated screening tool including five dimensions (distress, anxiety, depression, anger, and need‐for‐help). Reviewing the literature, we aimed to describe (a) the validity and (b) the application of the ET.MethodsSix databases were systematically searched for studies using the ET in individuals diagnosed with cancer. Included studies were critically appraised for methodological quality. ET validity and application were narratively synthesized.ResultsWe identified 580 records eligible for title‐abstract screening. Seventeen studies based on 13 different populations were included. Validation studies (5 of 17) concluded that the ET is sensitive to distress detection, delivering prompt and accurate results with no negative impact on clinic visit time. Furthermore, its use is accepted in patients and clinicians. The remaining 12 exploratory studies applied the ET for screening purposes (3 of 12), as outcome measure (6 of 12), or as predictor variable measure (3 of 12). Most studies were conducted in Europe (11 of 17), and 7 of the 12 exploratory studies used the recommended cutoff (greater than or equal to 4). Study populations were mostly female (9 of 13) with a mean age greater than 50 years (12 of 13) at study.ConclusionsPublications on distress screening with the ET are scarce, especially among young populations. However, research and studies' recommendations support the ET's utility as a valid and feasible tool for distress screening including anxiety and depression and suggest its implementation as part of a structured program for early screening in cancer care.
Robust fusion steady‐state filtering for multisensor networked systems with one‐step random delay, missing measurements, and uncertain‐variance multiplicative and additive white noises
Authors: Liu Wen‐Qiang , Tao Gui‐Li , Fan Ya‐Jing , Zhang Gui‐Qiang 
Published: July 2019

SummaryThe robust fusion steady‐state filtering problem is investigated for a class of multisensor networked systems with mixed uncertainties including multiplicative noises, one‐step random delay, missing measurements, and uncertain noise variances, the phenomena of one‐step random delay and missing measurements occur in a random way, and are described by two Bernoulli distributed random variables with known conditional probabilities. Using a model transformation approach, which consists of augmented approach, derandomization approach, and fictitious noise approach, the original multisensor system under study is converted into a multimodel multisensor system with only uncertain noise variances. According to the minimax robust estimation principle, based on the worst‐case subsystems with conservative upper bounds of uncertain noise variances, the robust local steady‐state Kalman estimators (predictor, filter, and smoother) are presented in a unified framework. Applying the optimal fusion algorithm weighted by matrices, the robust distributed weighted state fusion steady‐state Kalman estimators are derived for the considered system. In addition, by using the proposed model transformation approach, the centralized fusion system is obtained, furthermore the robust centralized fusion steady‐state Kalman estimators are proposed. The robustness of the proposed estimators is proved by using a combination method consisting of augmented noise approach, decomposition approach of nonnegative definite matrix, matrix representation approach of quadratic form, and Lyapunov equation approach, such that for all admissible uncertainties, the actual steady‐state estimation error variances of the estimators are guaranteed to have the corresponding minimal upper bounds. The accuracy relations among the robust local and fused steady‐state Kalman estimators are proved. An example with application to autoregressive signal processing is proposed, which shows that the robust local and fusion signal estimation problems can be solved by the state estimation problems. Simulation example verifies the effectiveness and correctness of the proposed results.
Corrosion properties of nickel coatings obtained from aqueous and nonaqueous electrolytes
Authors: Cruz M. Judith , Makarova Irina V. , Kharitonov Dmitry S. , Dobryden Illia , Chernik Alexander A. , Grageda Mario , Ushak Svetlana 
Published: July 2019

Nickel was deposited on a copper substrate from aqueous and nonaqueous ethanol electrolytes. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and chronovoltametry, scanning electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy were used to study the effect of the solvent on the surface and corrosion properties of the Ni coatings formed. Unifom and relatively smooth Ni films were obtained as measured with microscopy techniques. The formation of a passive film in acidic, alkaline, and neutral chloride‐containing media was confirmed with X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The water‐based nickel‐plating electrolyte makes it possible to deposit coatings with higher corrosion resistance as compared with coatings deposited from ethanol electrolyte in NaOH and NaCl media. The proposed mechanism of corrosion in a 0.5 M H2SO4 solution involves cycles of active‐passive surface behavior due to its passivation by corrosion products.
Design, Synthesis and Docking Calculations of Prenylated Chalcones as Selective Monoamine Oxidase B Inhibitors with Antioxidant Activity
Authors: Mellado Marco , Salas Cristian O. , Uriarte Eugenio , Viña Dolores , Jara‐Gutiérrez Carlos , Matos Maria J. , Cuellar Mauricio 
Published: July 2019

AbstractDifferent natural and synthetic chalcones have exhibited selective inhibition on monoamine oxidase B (MAO−B) activity, demonstrating potential interest for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Herein we report the synthesis of seven new prenylated chalcones (7a‐g) obtained from the natural compound 5 (4‐hydroxy‐3‐(3‐methylbut‐2‐en‐1‐yl)phenylethanone), previously isolated fromS. graveolens. Five of these compounds exhibit high inhibition and selectivity against MAO−B, with IC50values in the low micromolar range. In addition, the antioxidant activity of this series was measured, being three compounds better than the reference, butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT). Compound 7 f [(2E)‐3‐(4‐(dimethylamino)phenyl)‐1‐(4‐hydroxy‐3‐(3‐methylbut‐2‐en‐1‐yl)phenyl)prop‐2‐en‐1‐one] proved to be the best compound within the studied series (IC50MAO‐B=8.19 μM andkDPPH=3.73). Finally, molecular docking was performed to better understand the binding properties of these derivatives. Important features for MAO−B inhibitory activity were observed: hydrogen‐bonding interaction between Tyr435 and nearness with Tyr398 and FAD co‐factor. Therefore, these molecules are good candidates for the design of a lead compound for Parkinson's disease.
Improved Hydrogen Absorption/Desorption Properties of MgH2 by Co–Catalyzing of YH2 and Co@C
Authors: Xu Cheng , Lin Huai‐Jun , Liu Jiangchuan , Zhang Peng , Meng Yuying , Liu Yana , Zhang Jiguang , Li Liquan , Zhu Yunfeng 
Published: July 2019

AbstractHydrogen absorption and desorption kinetics properties of MgH2 were improved by co‐doping of commercial YH2 and a synthesized Carbon supported nano‐Co (Co@C) catalyst, which was prepared by calcination of Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework‐67 (ZIF‐67) precursor. YH2 addition shows great enhancement on the hydrogen absorption kinetics. The ball‐milled MgH2‐YH2 absorbs 6.5 wt.% of hydrogen within 100 s at 300 °C. The Co@C catalyst greatly enhances the absorption and desorption kinetics, while the absorption kinetics is slightly slower than that of MgH2‐YH2 at 250 °C and 275 °C. MgH2‐YH2‐Co@C exhibited prominent absorption and desorption kinetics, reaching full hydrogenation within 150 s at 250 °C and releasing 6 wt.% hydrogen within 1700 s at 300 °C. After hydrogenation and dehydrogenation, particle size of YH3 remains ∼500 nm, and the fine Co@C particles distributed homogeneously in the MgH2 matrix.
Development of Practical Electrochemical System for Phenytoin Detection
Authors: Doğan Tansu , Anik Ülkü , Dursun Zekerya 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIn this work a practical electrochemical approach has been developed by using gold (Au)‐film electrode for phenytoin detection. The formation of Au‐film was monitored by using scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy techniques. After the electrochemical characterization, the experimental conditions were optimized and then the analytical characterizations were examined. As a result, two linear ranges were found between 5x10−7 M and 2x10−4 M with the limit of detection and limit of quantification values as 0.302 μM and 1.013 μM respectively. The developed system was applied for phenytoin detection in synthetically prepared plasma solution and as a result recovery value of 99.5% ± 0.056 was obtained.
Pulp and paper mill effluent management
Authors: Elnakar Haitham , Buchanan Ian D. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis is a review of the literature published in 2018 related to the prevention of water pollution by or recovery of beneficial materials from wastewater produced in the pulp and paper industry. This review includes the following main sections: cleaner production, biological treatment, and physico‐chemical treatment.Practitioner points

Converting pulp and paper treatment sludges to value‐added materials can be efficient cleaner production technique.

Modeling and dynamic simulation techniques of biological treatment along with optimization methods can improve the effluent quality out of a paper mill.

Hybrid treatment systems can have a synergistic effect on the treatment of pulp and paper effluents.
Expanding Knowledge About Implementation of Pre-exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP): A Methodological Review
Authors: Pinto Rogério M. , Lacombe-Duncan Ashley , Kay Emma Sophia , Berringer Kathryn R. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractMethodological limitations in PrEP implementation studies may explain why PrEP implementation is lagging. This methodological review provides a description and critique of the methods used to identify barriers to PrEP implementation in the United States (2007–18). For each selected article, we provide: (1) research questions; (2) measures; (3) design; (4) sample (size and type); and (5) theoretical orientation. Among 79 articles which identified knowledge, attitudes, and behavioral and social/structural barriers to PrEP implementation, 51 (65%) were quantitative; 25 (32%) qualitative; and 3 (4%) were mixed-methods; overall, just one-half described a conceptual approach. About two-thirds of articles were conducted with patients and one-third with healthcare providers. Our review reveals a paucity of longitudinal, mixed-methods, and ethnographic/observational research and guiding theoretical frameworks; thus, the applicability of results are limited. We recommend that interventions aimed at PrEP implementation address barriers situated at multiple ecological domains, and thus improve PrEP access, uptake, and adherence.