bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Understanding the Binding Mechanism of a Pyrazino[1,2‐a]indole Derivative with Calf Thymus DNA
Authors: Karthikeyan Subramani , Zalte Rajesh R. , Festa Alexey A. , Voskressensky Leonid G. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThis work was focused on understanding the interaction mechanism of pyrazino[1,2‐a]indole derivative in calf thymus DNA (ctDNA) using various spectroscopy and computational techniques. The UV‐Vis absorption result shows that the binding interaction of pyrazino[1,2‐a]indole derivative in ctDNA complex may be in the non –covalent form and the binding associate constant Ka value was estimated 7.06×103 L mol−1 at 297 K. The fluorescence emission spectroscopy analysis suggested that pyrazino[1,2‐a]indole derivative quenching mechanism in ctDNA mainly due to the static nature and thermodynamical parameter analysis implied the binding of pyrazino[1,2‐a]indole derivative in ctDNA mainly due to hydrophobic force. Forster resonance energy transfer analysis was also calculated and the r=2.1 nm. Circular dichroism spectra conclude that there is a change in the secondary structural region of ctDNA due to an interaction with pyrazino[1,2‐a]indole derivative. Together with the molecular docking studies, hydrophobic nature of the interaction of pyrazino[1,2‐a]indole derivative with ctDNA might be deduced.
MoS2 as Cocatalyst for Improving Photocatalytic Performance of Bi2MoO6
Authors: Li Yaxin , Hong Haitao , Xue Xin , Zhang Zheng , Tian Hongwei 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBi2MoO6 is a bismuth‐based multi‐element photocatalyst with good visible light response due to its narrow band gap. However, its high photogenerated electron‐hole recombination rate limits its application as a photocatalyst. In this work, visible‐light‐driven MoS2/Bi2MoO6 composite photocatalyst was successfully synthesized by a hydrothermal method. The composite containing 1% MoS2 exhibited the best photodegradability and good cycling stability. The apparent reaction rate constant for the 1% MoS2 decorated Bi2MoO6 (0.03625) was about 2 times higher than that of pure Bi2MoO6 (0.01913). As a non‐precious metal promoter, MoS2 promoted the carrier‐separation efficiency and improved the absorption of visible light, which resulted in the enhancement of photocatalytic activity of the composite catalyst.
Pure Bromide‐Based Perovskite Nanoplatelets for Blue Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Peng Shaomin , Wang Sisi , Zhao Dandan , Li Xiaojun , Liang Chao , Xia Junmin , Zhang Tianqi , Xing Guichuan , Tang Zikang 
Published: May 2019

AbstractMetal halide perovskites witness a huge development in light‐emitting diodes (LEDs) triggered by their unique optical and optoelectronic properties. However, blue emission perovskite LEDs lag behind their red and green counterparts in efficiency, due to the difficulties in synthesizing stable materials and maintaining quantum efficiency in thin films as high as in solution. The nanoplatelets (NPLs), with exciton binding energies up to several hundreds of meV, exhibit fundamentally different excitonic behavior from 0D nanocrystals. Meanwhile the bandgap tunability with thickness makes them promising for blue optoelectronic devices. Here, a brief review on recent progress in perovskite light emission, and the opportunities and challenges in pure bromide‐based perovskite NPLs for the blue‐emitting regime are provided. In particular, the important roles of surface ligands and emitting layer quality on devices are highlighted. The trade‐off between well surface passivation and efficient charge transportation is analyzed. Furthermore, it is recommended that more efforts should be put on exploring the carrier dynamics in NPLs, which act as guidelines for optimization of materials and improvement of devices.
Reverse phase HPLC method validation for estimation of polyphenols in medicinal plants and their possible role in reticence of xanthine oxidase activity
Authors: Bhatia Astha , Kaur Tajinder , Singh Balbir , Arora Rohit , Arora Saroj 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe objective of this study was to investigate simple, sensitive, specific and reliable high‐performance liquid chromatography method for determination of seven polyphenols viz. gallic acid, catechin, rutin, ellagic acid, umbelliferone, quercetin, and kaempferol in medicinal plants. i.e. Cornus capitata Wall. (leaves), Clematis grata Wall. (whole plant), Evolvulus nummularis (L.) L. (whole plant), Roylea cinerea (D. Don) Baill. (leaves and stem). Different polyphenols were detected and quantified in all the plant extracts. The chromatographic separation of seven polyphenols was achieved by reverse phase high‐performance liquid chromatography (Shimadzu, Kyoto, Japan) 250 × 4.6 mm enable‐C18G column (i.d., 5 µm) using linear gradient elution of buffer (0.5% orthophosphoric acid, 1.36 g KH2PO4 in 1 L of water) and acetonitrile with a flow rate of 1 mL/min at λ 280 nm. Standard calibration curves were linear in the range of 1.95–1000 µg/mL. The method was validated for linearity, accuracy, repeatability, limit of detection, and limit of quantification. Increased oxidative stress may be attributable to increased xanthine oxidase activity which leads to hyperuricemia. Results revealed that the C. capitata (leaves) extract showed 50% inhibiton at 66.76 µg/mL against xanthine oxidase (in vitro). Results of the present study suggest the Cornus capitata Wall. (leaves) extract can be helpful in the treatment of hyperuricemia.
Dissociative ionization of the H2O molecule bombarded by swift singly charged and slow highly charged ions
Authors: Kovács Sándor T.S. , Herczku Péter , Juhász Zoltán , Sarkadi László , Gulyás László , Chesnel Jean Yves. , Ábrók Levente , Frémont Francois , Hajaji Anas , Sulik Béla 
Published: May 2019

Fragment ion energy spectra of the water molecule have been measured in conventional crossed‐beam experiments by the impact of 46 keV/u energy, singly charged ions (SCIs) and 4.3 keV/u energy, highly charged ions (HCIs). Double differential cross sections have been determined and a comparative analysis has been performed. We found that the fragmentation spectra for SCIs and HCIs are very similar, indicating that both collisions lead to the same fragmentation channels. This suggests that the Coulomb explosion of the water molecule is dominantly determined by the charge state of the transient molecular ions, and it is almost independent from the primary ionization mechanism. Differences were observed not only between the SCI and HCI impact‐induced fragmentation cross sections, but between those obtained by the 60 keV N6+ and 70 keV O7+ projectiles. The differences were attributed to the selectivity of the electron capture process for HCIs. Multiple target ionization cross sections have been deduced from the fragment ion spectra. We found contributions of up to fivefold ionization for SCIs and up to sixfold ionization for HCIs.
Agile Practices in Practice: Towards a Theory of Agile Adoption and Process Evolution
Authors: Julian Brendan , Noble James , Anslow Craig 
Published: May 2019

AbstractAs teams and organisations make the difficult shift to agile ways of working, there has been relatively little investigation of how they adopt and use agile practices. To aid those teams looking to move to agile we should examine how others have done so and what practical value they found. We studied teams which adopted agile practices across a spectrum from taking on a whole methodology to a couple of practices at a time, and then committed to continuous assessment and improvement of their ways of working. Those teams favoured adapting agile-based, team-oriented practices suited to their particular needs over technical practices and defined methodologies.
Agile Methods Knowledge Representation for Systematic Practices Adoption
Authors: Kiv Soreangsey , Heng Samedi , Kolp Manuel , Wautelet Yves 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe popularity of agile methods is constantly increasing. Information and feedback on how these frameworks were adopted can easily be found in academia and industrial knowledge bases. Such a collective experience allowed the development of many approaches in the aim of simplifying the adoption process and maximizing the chances of success. These approaches provide practitioners with guidelines to help them find the practice that suits their team best. Nonetheless, these approaches are not systematic and practitioners need to go through a long process. For instance, they need to identify the important situational factors that can have a positive/negative effect on the agile practice adoption. Available experiences thus require lots of effort to be discovered. This research proposes an agile methods knowledge representation using an ontology so that the knowledge and experience on agile adoption reported in literature may be reusable and systematic. Based on this model, added knowledge and inference rules, practitioners will systematically be able to decide which practice to select and adopt, i.e, for a given goal, practitioners can retrieve which practices to achieve; from a situation, teams can tell what can be harmful and what can be useful for adopting a practice or what problems they may encounter; etc.
The Unfulfilled Potential of Data-Driven Decision Making in Agile Software Development
Authors: Svensson Richard Berntsson , Feldt Robert , Torkar Richard 
Published: May 2019

AbstractWith the general trend towards data-driven decision making (DDDM), organizations are looking for ways to use DDDM to improve their decisions. However, few studies have looked into the practitioners view of DDDM, in particular for agile organizations. In this paper we investigated the experiences of using DDDM, and how data can improve decision making. An emailed questionnaire was sent out to 124 industry practitioners in agile software developing companies, of which 84 answered. The results show that few practitioners indicated a wide-spread use of DDDM in their current decision making practices. The practitioners were more positive to its future use for higher-level and more general decision making, fairly positive to its use for requirements elicitation and prioritization decisions, while being less positive to its future use at the team level. The practitioners do see a lot of potential for DDDM in an agile context; however, currently unfulfilled.
Bs mixing observables and |Vtd/Vts| from sum rules
Authors: King Daniel , Lenz Alexander , Rauh Thomas 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

We consider the effects of a non-vanishing strange-quark mass in the determination of the full basis of dimension six matrix elements for B

s
mixing, in particular we get for the ratio of the V − A Bag parameter in the B

s
and B

d
system:

$$ {\overline{B}}_{Q_1}^s/{\overline{B}}_{Q_1}^d={0.987}_{-0.009}^{+0.007} $$

B
¯

Q
1

s

/

B
¯

Q
1

d

=

0.987

−
0.009

+
0.007

. Combining these results with the most recent lattice values for the ratio of decay constants

$$ {f}_{B_s}/{f}_{B_d} $$

f

B
s

/

f

B
d

we obtain the most precise determination of the ratio

$$ \xi ={f}_{B_s}\sqrt{{\overline{B}}_{Q_1}^s}/{f}_{B_d}\sqrt{{\overline{B}}_{Q_1}^d}={1.2014}_{-0.0072}^{+0.0065} $$

ξ
=

f

B
s

B
¯

Q
1

s

/

f

B
d

B
¯

Q
1

d

=

1.2014

−
0.0072

+
0.0065

in agreement with recent lattice determinations. We find ΔM

s
= (18.5
− 1.5
+ 1.2
)ps− 1 and ΔM

d
= (0.547
− 0.046
+ 0.035
)ps− 1 to be consistent with experiments at below one sigma. Assuming the validity of the SM, our calculation can be used to directly determine the ratio of CKM elements |V

td
/V

ts
| = 0.2045
− 0.0013
+ 0.0012
, which is compatible with the results from the CKM fitting groups, but again more precise.
A latent variable approach to measuring and explaining peace agreement strength
Authors: Williams Rob , Gustafson Daniel J. , Gent Stephen E. , Crescenzi Mark J. C. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractMuch of the peace agreement durability literature assumes that stronger peace agreements are more likely to survive the trials of the post-conflict environment. This work does an excellent job identifying which provisions indicate that agreements are more likely to endure. However, there is no widely accepted way to directly measure the strength of agreements, and existing measures suffer from a lack of nuance or reliance on subjective weighting. We use a Bayesian item response theory model to develop a principled measure of the latent strength of peace agreements in civil conflicts from 1975 to 2005. We illustrate the measure's utility by exploring how various international factors such as sanctions and mediation contribute to the strength or weakness of agreements.
Rejoinder to Michael Sandel
Authors: Dagger Richard 
Published: May 2019

Michael Sandel's response to my critical essay is thoughtful, generous, and characteristically elegant. I am not the only one, I am sure, who will welcome this clarification of his views. Yet I am inclined to think that what he does not include in his response is as important as what he does.What Professor Sandel's response does not include is any attempt to sort out, qualify, accept, or reject the criticisms advanced in the “Sandel and the Self” section of my essay. He says in his second sentence that I bring out “the continuities and differences between Democracy's Discontent and my earlier work with subtlety and care,” but he fails to note that most of those continuities concern the unencumbered self he attributes to liberalism. We are left to wonder, then, what he makes of the three charges that I bring against his account of this self: that he mistakes the point of the unencumbered self in Rawlsian liberalism; that he trades on a false dichotomy between the encumbered and the unencumbered self; and that he neglects to notice a distinction, implicit in his as much as in Rawls's thinking, between the self in the abstract, general sense and the self in the concrete, particular sense.
Las actividades del Comité Internacional de la Cruz Roja en el subcontinente indio en los primeros años tras la partición (1947–1949)
Authors: Rey-Schirr Catherine 
Published: May 2019

En 1945, al terminar la Segunda Guerra Mundial, el Gobierno británico manifestó clararnente su intención de conceder la independencia a la India.A partir de entonces, el conflicto entre los ingleses y los nacionalistas indios pasó a segundo piano, a medida que se iba acentuando el antagonismo entre hindúes y musulmanes. Los primeros, reunidos en el Partido del Congreso dirigido por Yawaharlal Nehru, deseaban mantener la unidad de la India y formar un gobierno integrado por representantes de ambas comunidades. Los segundos, agrupados en torno a la Liga Musulmana presidida por Muhammad Alí Yinnah, exigían la creación de un Estado musulmán separado: Pakistán. La problemática era tanto más complicada cuanto que los aproximadamente trescientos millones de hindúes, seis millones de sikhs y cien millones de musulmanes que poblaban la India en aquella época no ocupaban zonas claramente delimitadas, particularmente en los territorios de Penjab y de Bengala, donde la población era mixta.
Het cytochroom P450 enzymsysteem: wat is de relevantie voor de praktijk? Deel I, de iso-enzymen
Authors: Touw D.J. , Verhoeven W.M.A. , Noten J.B.G.M. 
Published: May 2019

SamenvattingBij de mens bestaat een grate interindividuele variabiliteit in de capaciteit om geneesmiddelen oxidatief te metaboliseren. Een van de factoren die daaraan bijdraagt, is het voorkomen van een genetisch bepaalde oxidatieve capaciteit van verschillende isozymen welke deel uitmaken van het cytochroom P450. Voor het oxidatief metabolisme van geneesmiddelen zijn de P450 isozymen CYP2D6 (het enzym dat de meeste antidepressiva, antipsychotica, enkele anti-arrhythmica en codeïne oxideert), de CYP2C familie, de CYP3A familie en de CYP1A familie van belong. Van de isozymen CYP2D6 en CYP2C19 is ondubbelzinnig aangetoond dat er genetisch bepaalde verschillen in metabole capaciteit bestaan. Een frequentieverdeling van de metabole capaciteit in een populatie toont dan een bimodaal beeld met een onderverdeling in trage en snelle metaboliseerders met consequenties voor de individueel benodigde dosering. De capaciteit van de P450 isozymen is in het algemeen beperkt en de qffiniteil van substraat voor de isozymen is groot. Er bestaat derhalve een grate kans op interacties. Deze interacties zijn competitivef van aard waarbij het ook voorkomt dat interacties plaatsvinden met isozymen waarvoor de betreffende substantie geen substraat vormt.
Molecular and physiological markers during seed development of peppers (Capsicum annuum L.): DNA replication and β-tubulin synthesis
Authors: Portis E. , Marzachì; C. , Quagliotti L. , Lanteri S. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe correlation between physiological markers for seed maturity (acquisition of germinability, definitive morphological traits and desiccation tolerance) and timing of the shutdown of nuclear replication activity and β-tubulin synthesis has been investigated in developing pepper seeds. Nuclear replication activity was analysed by flow cytometry. Expression of β-tubulin, a cell-cycle related structural protein, was detected in western blots of total protein extracts. In pepper embryos, DNA synthesis stopped 42–49 days after anthesis (DAA), at which time seeds started to acquire desiccation tolerance. A clear β-tubulin signal was detected up to 63 DAA, only 1 week before the acquisition of complete desiccation tolerance. Both nuclear replication and β-tubulin synthesis can therefore be used as markers for the physiological stage reached by developing pepper seeds. Detection of β-tubulin signals in embryonic tissues can also be helpful in discriminating immature seeds within a commercial seed lot.
Quantitative estimation of seed desiccation sensitivity using a quantal response model: application to nine species of the genus Coffea L.
Authors: Dussert Stéphane , Chabrillange Nathalie , Engelmann Florent , Hamon Serge 
Published: May 2019

AbstractSeed desiccation sensitivity was studied in nine species of the genus Coffeaby measuring seed viability after equilibration over various saturated salt solutions. A quantal response model based on the logistic distribution was developed in order to describe the typical S-shaped patterns observed. The closeness of fit of the desiccation sensitivity model was shown, and the assumption that seed desiccation sensitivity follows a continuous distribution within species was verified. For each species, the water content at which 50% of initial viability was reached, WC50, and a specific parameter describing the intra-specific variability, β, were calculated using a non-linear regression. A simplified water sorption model was developed which allowed easy calculation of water activity and water potential corresponding to WC50 (aw50 and Ψ50) for relative humidities ranging between 10 and 100%. Distribution of WC50and Ψ50 (or aw50) in the genus Coffea was homogeneous within the following intervals: from 0.05 to 0.38 g H2O.g−1dw for WC50 and from −168 to −11 MPa for Ψ50. Different classifications of the coffee species studied as regards to their desiccation sensitivity were obtained depending on whether WC50 or Ψ50was used for classification. The continuum for desiccation sensitivity observed within the nine species studied confirmed that coffee is an appropriate material for studying desiccation sensitivity.
Scaling of soil water absorption by seeds: an experiment using seed analogues
Authors: Kikuzawa Kihachiro , Koyama Hiromasa 
Published: May 2019

AbstractScaling of water absorption and water loss by seeds on various soil surfaces was simulated using seed analogues constructed with paper pulp. Three sizes of analogue seeds (large, medium and small) were laid on three types of soil surface (coarse, medium and fine texture). To estimate the amount of water absorbed by a seed during a fixed time interval, the difference in seed weight from the start of the experiment was used. The scaling of water absorption necessary for germination was also studied using actual seeds of 14 species representing a range of seed sizes. Scaling coefficients between the amount of absorbed water by an analogue seed (net water gain) and seed mass were usually lower than 1: small seeds absorbed water more rapidly than large ones. The water loss of analogue seeds was also correlated with seed mass with a scaling coefficient lower than 1, but the amount of water loss itself was far smaller than the absorption. On the other hand, the germination of actual seeds revealed that the amount of water necessary to start germination was proportional to seed mass. Thus, smaller seeds have an advantage over larger seeds in more rapidly attaining the water content necessary for germination. Moreover, small seeds can penetrate through small cracks in the soil surface and thus enjoy a double advantage in a microsite that promotes water absorption and minimizes desiccation.
Influence of human embryo cultivation in a classic CO2 incubator with 20% oxygen versus benchtop incubator with 5% oxygen on live births: the randomized prospective trial
Authors: Gelo Nina , Kirinec Gabriela , Baldani Dinka Pavičić , Vrčić Hrvoje , Ježek Davor , Milošević Milan , Stanić Patrik 
Published: May 2019

SummaryOur objective was to assess the effect of benchtop incubators with low oxygen concentrations on the clinical and embryological parameters of our patients. We conducted a prospective, randomized, opened controlled trial on infertile patients in stimulated cycles. In total, 738 infertile patients were assessed for eligibility and, after final exclusions, 230 patients were allocated either to a 5% O2 group (benchtop incubator) or a 20% O2 group (classic incubator). Finally, 198 patients in the 5% O2 group and 195 in the 20% O2 group were analysed. The outcomes measured were fertilization rate, clinical pregnancy rate, and live birth rate. The primary outcome – live birth rate per all transfers – did not show any improvement in the 5% oxygen group over the 20% oxygen group (25.3% versus 22.6%, P=0.531), but the number of day 5 blastocysts was significantly higher (P=0.009). Fertilization rate did not show any beneficial effect of reduced oxygen (5%) (73.4%±22.4% versus 74.6%±24.0%, P=0.606) per all transfers but there was statistically significant difference in the day 5 SET subgroup (85.3±15.1 versus 75.1±17.5; P=0.004). Clinical pregnancy rate showed results in favour of the 5% oxygen group for all subgroups (day 3: 23.7% versus 21.1%, P=0.701; day 5 SET: 35.0% versus 30.6%. P=0.569) but showed statistical significance only in the day 5 SET subgroup (51.1% versus 29.8%; P=0.038). Culturing of embryos in benchtop incubators under low oxygen produced more blastocysts and therefore was a better alternative for embryo selection, which resulted in higher pregnancy rates. To achieve higher live birth rates, embryo quality is not the only factor.