bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
M-ITRS: Mathematical Model for Identification of Tandem Repeats in DNA Sequence
Authors: Kumar Ajay , Garhwal Sunita 
Published: April 2019

<span lang="EN-US">In DNA, tandem repeat consists of two or more contiguous copies of a pattern of nucleotides. Tandem repeats of the motif are useful in many applications like molecular biology (related to genetic information of inherited diseases), forensic medicines, DNA fingerprinting and molecular markers for cancer. Various researchers designed formal models and grammars to identify two contiguous copies of the pattern. Tree-adjoining grammar cannot be designed for k-copy language. There is a need to design a formal model which will work for more than two contiguous copies of the pattern. In this paper, we have designed deep pushdown automata for k-continuous copies of the pattern for <!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.DSMT4" ShapeID="_x0000_i1025"
DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1593603612">
</o:OLEObject>
</xml><![endif]-->. The proposed formal model will also identify the tandem repeats without specifying the pattern and its size.</span>
Hybrid System Power Generation'wind-photovoltaic' Connected to the Electrical Network 220 kV
Authors: Dris Mida , Djilani Benattous 
Published: April 2019

Renewable energy have the potential to generate electricity cleanly without pollution and a lesser dependence of resources for this production of electric power by these systems sources such as solar, wind, hydro, geothermal and biomass instead anti-environmental conventional systems such as gas, coal and oil is a remarkable idea but not frequent in Algeria. Our research focuses on the study of a hybrid energy system (Photovoltaic-Wind), connected to the Electrical Network 220 kV and this by tracking the maximum power point (MPPT) for two energy sources. For this, methods based on optimization algorithms were used side PV array and Wind turbine. With regard to the wind turbine, optimization was based on an analytical approach method. The Matlab/Simulink is used for simulated power output from Hybrid System, power delivered to or from grid and phase voltage of the inverter leg
Electrostatic Field Calculations for Liquid Nitrogen Gaps Assuming a Decisive Field Factor
Authors: Fink Stefan 
Published: April 2019

Volume effect on breakdown voltage is well known in high voltage engineering. The breakdown voltage behavior of liquid nitrogen depending on a high field volume had been quantitatively described for gap lengths up to 20 mm. Breakdown curves for longer gap lengths up to 96 mm derived from measurements with a facility “Fatelini 2” show oscillations and partly low withstand voltages. Electrostatic field calculation for such long gaps shows remarkable high field volume differences between a model for ideal sphere and models including fixation rods. Calculation for the used setup does not show monotonically increasing high field volume depending on gap length but a maximum around 60 mm which can explain the special breakdown behavior in a “mid range” gap length. Further high field calculations were done for not yet used setups in order to make considerations, e.g. for the influence of cryostat material or diameter.
An Enhanced Control Strategy for the Stable Operation of Distributed Generation during Grid-Connected and Islanded Mode
Authors: Khichar Suman , Gopal Yatindra , Lalwani Mahendra 
Published: April 2019

The incident of islanding occurs while the distributed generator fed constant power into the grid after power flow on the source of essential utility has been intermittent. If islanding is not rapidly detected, it can reason serious security and harmful condition. This paper presents coordinated manage of solar photovoltaic unit through maximum power point tracking technique to make available voltage and frequency support for an islanding condition. In normal condition, structure works as constant current control mode subsequent to islanding the structure switched to voltage control mode. The projected technique is capable to discriminate involving an islanding and a non-islanding occurrence. In this paper phase locked loop detection technique designed for detecting islanding situation is conceded out. The authentication of proposed system is established efficiently using MATLAB/ Simulink environment. The simulated results exhibit that the islanding detection technique has zero nondetection zone property and be able to detect islanding within few seconds
Current mode proportional resonant controlled multi input–SEPIC-re-boost-system
Authors: Kumar B. Jagadish , Banakara Basavaraja 
Published: April 2019

<p>The intention of this paper is to identify a suitable controller for closed loop multi converter system for multiple input sources and to improve time response of high-gain-step up-converter. Closed-loop Multi Converter System (MCS) is utilized to regulate load-voltage. This effort recommends suitable-controller for closed-two loop-controlled-SEPIC-REBOOST Converter fed DC motor. The estimation of the yield in open-two loop and closed- two-loop-circuit has been done using MATLAB or Simulink. Closed-two loop-control of Multi Converter System with Propotional+Integral (PI)- Propotional+Integral (PI) and Proportional+Resonant (PR) - Proportional+Resonant (PR) Controllers are investigated and their responses are evaluated in conditions of rise time, peak time, settling time and steady state error. It is seen that current-mode PR-PR controlled MCS gives better time domain response in terms of motor speed. A Prototype of MCS has been fabricated in the laboratory and the experimental-results are authenticated with the simulation-results.</p>
Optimal PID controller of a brushless dc motor using genetic algorithm
Authors: Ibrahim Muhammed A. , Mahmood Ausama Kh. , Sultan Nashwan Saleh 
Published: April 2019

Brushless DC (BLDC) motor is commonly employed for many industrial applications due to their high torque and efficiency. This article produces an optimal designed controller of Brushless DC motor speed control depending on the genetic algorithm (GA). The optimization method is used for searching of the ideal Proportional–Integral-Derivative (PID) factors. The controller design methods of brushless DC motor includes three kinds: trial and error PID design, auto-tuning PID design and genetic algorithm based controller design. A PID controller is utilizing by conducted Integral absolute error criterion (IAE) and integral squared error (ISE) error criterion for BLDC motor control system. A GA-PID controller is designed to enhance the system performance by means of genetic algorithm. PID controller coefficients are calculated by GA to produce optimal PID as hybrid PID with GA controller .The closed loop speed response of PID controller is experimented for IAE and ISE error criteria. The suggested controller GA_PID is planned, modeled and simulated by MATLAB/ software program. A comparison output system performance monitored for every controller schemes. The results display that the time characteristics performance of GA-PID controller based on ISE objective function has the optimal performance (rise time, settling time, percentage overshoot) with other techniques.
Neural Network Based MPPT Controller for Solar PV Connected Induction Motor
Authors: Shanthi T. 
Published: April 2019

<p>In this paper, Maximum Power Point Tracking Controller is designed based on Neural Network Controller (NNC). This controller will sense the speed of a single phase induction motor which is fed from solar panel. Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm are required in all photovoltaic (PV) system and in order to increase the efficiency of the system, Incremental Conductance algorithm which is an effective algorithm is used to extract maximum power from the solar panel which supplies an Induction motor of 1HP. To step up the voltage available from the solar panel, the SEPIC dc – dc converter is used. The main advantage of the converter is having non-inverted output. The converter acts as an interface between PV array and motor load. The entire system is modeled and simulated using MATLAB/Simulink software.</p>
Application of Sliding Mode Control Technique to Regulate DC/DC Boost Converters in Systems Exploiting Photovoltaic Power Generation
Authors: Phong Le Tien , Minh Ngo Duc 
Published: April 2019

<p class="Abstract">This paper introduces a new method, called IB-SMC method, to control DC/DC boost converters in systems exploiting photovoltaic power generation. This method combines the sliding mode control technique and iterative-bisectional technique in the maximum power point tracker to change operations modes of photovoltaic power generation. The IB-SMC controller uses voltage sliding surface to evaluate the relation of instantaneous voltage at the input converter and instantaneous voltage at the maximum power point. Using information about the power of electromagnetic radiation from a pyranometer and temperature from a temperature sensor, the sliding surface and hyteresis band are changed by practically operational conditions that help improving energy efficiency of the process exploiting PVg. Simulations are carried out by Matlab/Simulink that show the ability to ensure dynamic stability by tracking instaneous maximum power point at any time whenever having any change of the operational condition, static stability by maintaining the operation point at maximum power point whenever not have any change of the operational condition and help to bring out approximately absolute energy efficiency.</p>
Study of Grid Connected Wind Energy System with Fuzzy Logic Based MPPT Controller
Authors: S Jayalakshmi N. , S Sachin 
Published: April 2019

<p>Renewable energy sources (RESs) are gaining more importance due to depleting fossil fuel sources in few decades. When compared to other RESs wind energy system is widely available and user friendly in nature. This paper presents modelling and simulation of grid connected PMSG based wind energy conversion system with P&amp;O maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control technique. The PQ controller is used for grid tied inverter to exchange real and reactive power with DC bus voltage regulation. The fuzzy logic controller (FLC) is used for MPPT implementation as it provides better performance as compared to the traditional PID controllers. The various case studies are considered for power management between wind system and the utility grid and the results are evaluated in MATLAB/ Simulink platform.</p>
Effectual SVPWM Techniques and Implementation of FPGA Based Induction Motor Drive
Authors: M Saravanan , R Nandakumar , G Veerabalaji 
Published: April 2019

This paper presents a field programmable gate array(FPGA)-based control integrated circuits(IC) for controlling the pulsewidth modulation (PWM) inverter used in power conditioning system for ac-voltage regulation. Space vector pulsewidth modulation(SVPWM) algorithm offers great flexibility to optimise switching waveform. Among them,double edge triggering can be implemented, It consumes less power compare to other PWM techniques. The SVPWM pulses thus generated through Xilinx is given as switching pulses to voltage source inverter(VSI) circuit to trigger the motor. The delay time of PWM output is programmable and SVPWM control IC is reprogrammable.It shows the advantage of lower total harmonic distortion(THD) without increasing the switching losses. Results are provided along with simulation analysis in terms of THD,output fundamental voltage and voltage transfer ratio to verify the feasibility of operation. The SVPWM switching pattern has been achieved with a fundamental frequency of 50HZ.
Real-time Optical-flow Computation for Motion Estimation under Varying Illumination Conditions
Authors: Sosa Julio C. , Rodríguez Roberto , García Ortega Víctor H. , Hernández Rubén 
Published: April 2019

<p>The optical flow approach has emerged as a major technique for estimating object motion in image sequences. However, the obtained results by most optical flow techniques are poor because they are strongly affected by large illumination changes and by motion discontinuities. On the other hand, there have been two thrusts in the development of optical flow algorithms. One has emphasized higher accuracy; the other faster implementation. These two thrusts have been independently pursed, without addressing the accuracy vs. efficiency trade-offs. The optical flow computation requires high computing resources and is highly affected by changes in the illumination conditions in most of the existing techniques. In this paper, a new strategy for image sequence processing is proposed. The data reduction achieved with this strategy allows a faster optical flow computation. In addition, the proposed architecture is a hardware custom implementation in EP1S60F1020 FPGA showing the achieved performance.</p>
FPGA Based Embedded System Development for Rolling Bearings Fault Detection of Induction Motor
Authors: SM Shashidhara , Raju Sangameswara P 
Published: April 2019

Bearing fault diagnosis is crucial in condition monitoring of any rotating machine. Early fault detection in machines can save millions of dollars in maintenance cost. Different methods are used for fault analysis such as short time Fourier transforms (STFT), Wavelet analysis (WA), Model based analysis, cepstrum analysis etc. Recently, there have been outstanding technological developments related to digital systems, in both hardware and software. These innovations enable the development of new designing methodologies that aim to the ease the future modifications, upgrades and expansions of the system. This paper presents a study of rolling bearing fault diagnosis of induction motor based on reconfigurable logic. A case study using FPGA, its design, as well as its implementation and testing, are presented.
Design of AES Algorithm for 128/192/256 Key Length in FPGA
Authors: V. Kinge Pravin , Honale S.J. , Bobade C.M. 
Published: April 2019

<p class="p0">The cryptographic algorithms can be implemented with software or built with pure hardware. However Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA) implementation offers quicker solution and can be easily upgraded to incorporate any protocol changes. The available AES algorithm is used for data and it is also suitable for image encryption and decryption to protect the confidential image from an unauthorized access. This project proposes a method in which the image data is an input to AES algorithm, to obtain the encrypted image. and the encrypted image is the input to AES Decryption to get the original image. This project proposed to implement the 128,192 &amp; 256 bit AES algorithm for data encryption and decryption, also to compare the speed of operation, efficiency, security and frequency . The proposed work will be synthesized and simulated on FPGA family of Xilink ISE 13.2 and Modelsim tool respectively in Very high speed integrated circuit Hardware Description Language (VHDL).</p>
An Efficient VLSI Architecture for Nonbinary LDPC Decoder with Adaptive Message Control
Authors: Ramachandran Varatharajan 
Published: April 2019

<p>A new decoder architecture for nonbinary low-density parity check (LDPC) codes is presented in this paper to reduce the hardware operational complexity and power consumption. Adaptive message control (AMC) is to achieve the low decoding complexity, that dynamically trims the message length of belief information to reduce the amount of memory accesses and arithmetic operations. A new horizontal nonbinary LDPC decoder architecture is developed to implement AMC. Key components in the architecture have been designed with the consideration of variable message lengths to leverage the benefit of the proposed AMC. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed nonbinary LDPC decoder architecture can significantly reduce hardware operations and power consumption as compared with existing work with negligible performance degradation.</p>
Design and Development of ARM based Electronic Test Evaluation System for RTO
Authors: Salokhe Shweta , Bombale U. L. 
Published: April 2019

Electronic test evaluation system for driving license is very useful now a days, as there is increase in the human intervention in the system. This system make the driving license procedure transparent to human being. The proposed technological solution is advancement towards the automation of system and improves the driving test accuracy. As a contribution to society this system reduces the number of road accidents occurs due to untrained drivers.
CMOS Active Inductor Based Voltage Controlled Oscillator
Authors: P Patel Dhara , Oza Shruti , A Thakker Rajesh 
Published: April 2019

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 6.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 9pt;" lang="EN-IN">A Tunable Active Inductor (TAI) based Voltage Controlled Oscillator (VCO) for Radio Frequency (RF) applications ranging from 670 MHz - 1.53 GHz is presented. A design of low phase noise and compact VCO is proposed. In order to lower the phase noise of VCO, its RF output power has been improved. The use of low voltage active in-ductor circuit reduces the power dissipation of VCO. The single ended CMOS active inductors with minimum number of transistors are used to consume less die area of VCO circuit. The low power dissipation of the circuit have high efficiency to generate output RF power. A supply independent variable current source tunes the VCO. The post layout design is simulated in Cadence spectreRF using TSMC 180 nm process libraries. The VCO circuit shows the phase noise variation from -124 to - 126 dBc/Hz and an active area of 0.0049 mm<sup>2</sup>. The VCO core circuit, excluding output buffers, consumes 10 mW at 1.8 V supply voltage.</span></p>
FPGA Implementation of High Speed Hardware Efficient Carry Select Adder
Authors: Saravanakumar Saravanakumar , Vijeyakumar Vijeyakumar , Sakthisudhan Sakthisudhan 
Published: April 2019

This paper presents a novel architecture for high speed and hardware efficient carry select addition. We modify the two operand ripple carry addition followed in conventional Carry SeLect Adder(CSLA) with a simple and efficient gate level circuit to reduce area and delay significantly. For this, we use an increment 1 block for generating the sum outputs with carry input 1 instead of second pair ripple carry adder as in conventional CSLA. The novelty of the proposed approach is that it reduces area, and the delay due to carry propagation in second pair of adder cells. The proposed CSLA adder has been designed using structural VHDL code and synthesized using Altera Quartus II. Experimental results show that the proposed design outperform the previous approaches in terms of delay and area reduction.
Design and software characterization of finFET based full adders
Authors: Hajare Raju , Lakshminarayana C. 
Published: April 2019

Adder is the most important arithmetic block that are used in all processors. Most of the logical circuits till today were designed using Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistors (MOSFET’s). In order to reduce chip area, leakage power and to increase switching speed, MOSFET’s were continuously scaled down. Further scaling below 45nm, MOSFET’s suffers from Short Channel Effects (SCE’s) which leads to degraded performance of the device. Here the Performance of 28T and 16T MOSFET based 1-bit full adder cell is characterized and compared with FinFET based 28T and 16T 1-bit full adders at various technology nodes using HSPICE software. Results show that FinFET based full adder design gives better performance in terms of speed, power and reliability compared to MOSFET based full adder designs. Hence FinFET are promising candidates and better replacement for MOSFET.
The Effects of Remote Internal Tides on Continental Slope Internal Tide Generation
Authors: Gong Yankun , Rayson Matthew D. , Jones Nicole L. , Ivey Gregory N. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractInternal tide generation at sloping topography is nominally determined by the local slope geometry, density stratification, and tidal forcing. Recent global ocean models have revealed that remotely generated internal tides (RITs) can also influence locally generated internal tides (LITs). Field measurements with through-the-water column moorings on the southern portion of the Australian North West Shelf (NWS) suggested that RITs led to local regions with either positive or negative barotropic to baroclinic energy conversion. Three-dimensional numerical simulations were used to examine the role of RITs on local internal tide climatology on the inner slope and shelf portion of the NWS. The model demonstrated the principle remote generation site was the western portion of the offshore Exmouth Plateau. Extending the model domain to include this offshore plateau region increased the local net energy conversion on the inner shelf by 13.5% and on the slope by 8%. Simulations using an idealized 2D model configuration aligned along the principal direction of RIT propagation demonstrated that the sign and magnitude of the local energy conversion was dependent on the distance between the remote and local generation sites, the phase difference between the local barotropic tide and the RIT, and the amplitude of both the local barotropic tide and the RIT. For RITs with a low-wave Froude number (Fr < 0.05), where Fr is the ratio of the internal wave baroclinic velocity to the linear wave speed, the conversion rates were consistent with kinematic predictions based on the phase difference only. For stronger flows with Fr > 0.05, the conversion rates showed a nonlinear dependence on Fr.
Tropical Cyclone Hazard to Mumbai in the Recent Historical Climate
Authors: Sobel Adam H. , Lee Chia-Ying , Camargo Suzana J. , Mandli Kyle T. , Emanuel Kerry A. , Mukhopadhyay Parthasarathi , Mahakur M. 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
The hazard to the city of Mumbai, India, from a possible severe tropical cyclone under the recent historical climate is considered. The authors first determine, based on a review of primary sources, that the Bombay Cyclone of 1882, documented in a number of print and Internet sources and claimed to have caused 100 000 or more deaths, did not occur. Two different tropical cyclone hazard models, both of which generate large numbers of synthetic cyclones using environmental data—here taken from reanalyses in the satellite era—as input, are then used to quantify the hazard, in conjunction with historical observations. Both models indicate that a severe cyclone landfall at or near Mumbai is possible, though unlikely in any given year. Return periods for wind speeds exceeding 100 kt (1 kt = 0.5144 m s−1) (the threshold for category 3 in the Saffir–Simpson hurricane wind scale) at Mumbai itself are estimated to be in the range of thousands to greater than 10 000 years, while the return period for a storm with maximum wind speed of 100 kt or greater passing within 150 km of Mumbai (possibly close enough to generate a substantial storm surge at the city) is estimated to be around 500 years. Return periods for winds exceeding 65 kt (hurricane intensity on the Saffir–Simpson hurricane wind scale) are estimated to be around 200 years at Mumbai itself, and 50–90 years within 150 km. Climate change is not explicitly considered in this study, but the hazard to the city is likely to be increasing because of sea level rise as well as changes in storm climatology.