bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modeling of partially oriented spring-exchange magnetic composites
Authors: Ziolkowski Grzegorz , Chrobak Artur , Chrobak Dariusz 
Published: November 2024

PurposeThe presentation refers to simulations of magnetization processes of the spring-exchange magnetic composites containing magnetically soft and ultra-high coercive phases. In particular, the aim of this study is to investigate the possibility of reducing expensive rare earth (RE) in the so-called neodymium magnets and improving their efficiency.Design/methodology/approachIn order to model hysteresis loops, a special disorder-based Monte Carlo procedure, suitable for irregular geometry of the composites, was applied. The chosen system parameters were defined in order to model Nd2Fe14B/Fe composites.FindingsThe results suggest potential for optimizing hard magnetic composites. Magnetization curve parameters are sensitive to grain coupling and easy magnetization axis ordering. Strong coupling for a single-phase hysteresis loop is unachievable for grains above a certain size, i.e. found to be a few hundred nanometers. Considering these factors and their interdependencies, it’s possible to enhance the |BH|max parameter or reduce the RE content.Research limitations/implicationsThe research was carried out using computer simulations, which by their nature are only approximations of physical processes. The next stage of research is to produce the described composites and test their actual properties.Practical implicationsThe research enhances permanent magnets, boosting efficiency in technologies like wind turbines and electric motors, indirectly benefiting the environment. It also reduces RE elements in magnets for environmental, economic and political gains.Originality/valueThe unique approach is to consider the random orientation of the magnetic anisotropy of the hard magnetic grains, which is close to real powder composites. The results provide valuable guidance for the production process of permanent magnets.
Automatic generation of inspection knowledge for highway construction via the integration of computer vision and ontology reasoning
Authors: Li Fangxin , Xu Xin , Zhou Jingwen , Chen Jiawei , Zhou Shenbei 
Published: November 2024

PurposeCurrent practices for inspecting highway construction predominantly rely on manual processes, which result in subjective assessments, errors and time inefficiencies. The purpose of this study is to address the inefficiencies and potential inaccuracies inherent in manual highway construction inspections. By leveraging computer vision and ontology reasoning, the study seeks an automated and efficient approach to generate structured construction inspection knowledge in the format of checklists for construction activities on highway construction job sites.Design/methodology/approachThis study proposes a four-module framework based on computer vision and ontology reasoning to enable the automatic generation of checklists for quality inspection. The framework includes: (1) the interpretation of construction scenes based on computer vision, (2) the representation of inspection knowledge into structured checklists through specification processing, (3) the connection of construction scenes and inspection knowledge via ontology reasoning and (4) the development of a prototype for the automatic generation of checklists for highway construction.FindingsThe proposed framework is implemented across four distinct highway construction scenarios. The case demonstrations show that the framework can interpret construction scenes and link them with relevant inspection knowledge automatically, resulting in the efficient generation of structured checklists. Therefore, the proposed framework indicates considerable potential for application in the automatic generation of inspection knowledge for the quality inspection of highway construction.Originality/valueThe scientific and practical values of this study are: (1) the establishment of a new method that promotes the automated generation of structured inspection knowledge for highway construction by integrating computer vision and ontology reasoning and (2) the development of a novel framework that provides efficient and immediate access to inspection knowledge related to what needs to be inspected at highway construction job sites.
Fishers' preference for mobile traceability platform: challenges in achieving a digital tuna supply chain in Davao Region, Philippines
Authors: Untal Faizal John P. , Castro Miko Mariz C. , Sarmiento Jon Marx 
Published: November 2024

PurposeCurrent catch documentation and traceability practices in the Philippines are paper-based. However, with technological advancements, a shift toward electronic documentation has become a global trend to combat illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing. This study aims to determine the factors influencing fishers' preference for a mobile traceability platform and identify the challenges in achieving a digital tuna supply chain in Davao Region, Philippines.Design/methodology/approachA survey of 178 tuna fishers was conducted in select sites in Davao Region using a semi-structured questionnaire. Factors influencing fishers' preference for a mobile traceability platform were identified using logistic regression.FindingsResults revealed that one-third of the fishers (34.5%) preferred a mobile traceability platform. Membership in organizations and higher educational attainment increased the preference for a mobile traceability platform. Meanwhile, respondents' knowledge was associated with a preference for paper-based traceability. This association between knowledge and preference was in the context of catch recording performed by government agencies and fisherfolk associations in landing sites. Intensified support aimed at increasing the fishers' literacy and access to technological devices, including the internet and smartphones, is emphasized to provide them with the basic requirements for participating in mobile traceability systems. Moreover, several challenges in implementing digital traceability beyond fisherfolk were identified.Originality/valueThis study amplifies the need for infrastructure and legislation to support the implementation of a digital tuna supply chain and eliminate IUU fishing.
SEN-CTD: semantic enhancement network with content-title discrepancy for fake news detection
Authors: Fang Jiaqi , Ma Kun , Qiu Yanfang , Ji Ke , Chen Zhenxiang , Yang Bo 
Published: November 2024

Purpose
The discrepancy between the content of an article and its title is a key characteristic of fake news. Current methods for detecting fake news often ignore the significant difference in length between the content and its title. In addition, relying solely on textual discrepancies between the title and content to distinguish between real and fake news has proven ineffective. The purpose of this paper is to develop a new approach called semantic enhancement network with content–title discrepancy (SEN–CTD), which enhances the accuracy of fake news detection.

Design/methodology/approach
The SEN–CTD framework is composed of two primary modules: the SEN and the content–title comparison network (CTCN). The SEN is designed to enrich the representation of news titles by integrating external information and position information to capture the context. Meanwhile, the CTCN focuses on assessing the consistency between the content of news articles and their corresponding titles examining both emotional tones and semantic attributes.

Findings
The SEN–CTD model performs well on the GossipCop, PolitiFact and RealNews data sets, achieving accuracies of 80.28%, 86.88% and 84.96%, respectively. These results highlight its effectiveness in accurately detecting fake news across different types of content.

Originality/value
The SEN is specifically designed to improve the representation of extremely short texts, enhancing the depth and accuracy of analyses for brief content. The CTCN is tailored to examine the consistency between news titles and their corresponding content, ensuring a thorough comparative evaluation of both emotional and semantic discrepancies.
Unveiling the drivers of corporate social responsibility in Nepal: a qualitative inquiry across industry sectors
Authors: Chapagain Bal Ram , Baniya Rojan , Biswakarma Gangaram 
Published: November 2024

PurposeConsidering the influence of corporate social responsibility (CSR) drivers in corporate behavior and, ultimately, in business and society relationships, this study aims to investigate the CSR drivers in Nepal.Design/methodology/approachThe study employs an exploratory qualitative research design. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 22 executives and managers of listed companies in Nepal. A reflexive thematic analysis approach was used to analyze the data.FindingsStrategic imperatives, coercive factors and moral considerations characterize the major drivers of firms’ CSR practices in Nepal. Specifically, a firm’s reputation, publicity, legal requirements, enlightened shared values and cultural tradition are the main drivers of CSR. Strategic imperatives are the main drivers of CSR for banking and financial institutions, whereas external institutional pressures are the main drivers for other sectors.Practical implicationsManagers can make institutional arrangements for CSR to fulfill their strategic needs and better respond to formal (e.g. legal requirements) and informal (e.g. cultural tradition) institutional factors. Policymakers can incorporate fiscal-economic instruments, such as CSR awards, in CSR-related legal provisions to simultaneously fulfill the strategic needs of the business and social goals of the government.Originality/valueThis study uncovers vivid CSR drivers in a distinct socioeconomic context of Nepal. Likewise, this is perhaps the first research regarding the drivers of CSR, exploring the views from different managerial levels and covering diverse industry sectors in the least developed country contexts like Nepal.
Advances in the development of polyester resin composites: a review
Authors: Ezeh Ernest Mbamalu 
Published: November 2024

Purpose
One of the most innovative materials available today is polyester resin, which finds application in a wide range of industries, including consumer products, automotive, aircraft, marine, construction, sports and renewable energy, due to its impressive mechanical properties and low cost. In recent years, significant progress has been achieved in the development of polyester resin composites. This paper aims to provide an overview of the recent advances in the field of polyester resin composites.

Design/methodology/approach
The review introduces the properties of polyester resins and the fabrication techniques used to prepare polyester resin composites. It provides an overview of the reinforcement materials such as fibers and nanoparticles that are commonly used to enhance the properties of the composites. Recent advances in the use of fillers such as nanocellulose, graphene and carbon nanotubes are also discussed. This work highlights the latest developments in the functionalization of polyester resin composites, which aims to improve the properties of the composite materials for specific applications in diverse fields such as aerospace, biomedical and energy. It highlights how collaborations worldwide, business and academia are working together to advance polyester resin composite technologies.

Findings
The study emphasizes how urgent it is to adopt sustainable practices, which, in turn, is driving research into polyester resins that are recycled and biobased to create a circular economy. Constant advancements open up new possibilities for application development and improve performance, such as nanotechnology and smart materials. Furthermore, businesses are being revolutionized by sophisticated production processes like 3Dimensional printing and Internet of Things integration, which enable mass customization and real-time monitoring. These partnerships advance the sector and encourage the use of polyester resin composites in environmentally friendly applications. The remarkable mechanical, thermal and chemical capabilities of polyester resin composites are highlighted, showcasing their importance in a range of applications.

Originality/value
The study is a major step toward a sustainable tomorrow since it highlights the potential of polyester resin composites to build a more durable and environmentally friendly future. This review paper summarizes the recent advances in the development of polyester resin composites, highlighting their potential for advancing technologies in various fields. The knowledge gained from this review paper will undoubtedly aid researchers in designing novel polyester resin composite materials with tailored properties for specific applications.
Contrast‐enhanced mammography improves patient access to functional breast imaging
Authors: Taylor Donna B , Kessell Meredith A , Parizel Paul M 
Published: November 2024

SummaryImaging research pathways focus increasingly on the development of individualised approaches to breast cancer detection, diagnosis and management. Detection of breast cancer with X‐ray mammography may fail in some cancer subtypes with limited changes in morphology/tissue density and in women with dense breasts. International organisations offer recommendations for contrast‐enhanced breast imaging, as it provides superior sensitivity for screening, local staging and assessment of neoadjuvant treatment response, when compared with standard X‐ray mammography (including tomosynthesis) and breast ultrasound. Arguably, the evidence base is stronger for contrast‐enhanced MRI (CE‐MRI). Unfortunately, patient access to breast MRI in rural and remote areas is limited by practical limitations and equipment licensing restrictions. Moreover, breast MRI is an expensive test, likely to be out of reach for many women. Contrast‐enhanced mammography (CEM) offers an attractive alternative to improve patient access to functional breast imaging. It is a new type of digital, dual energy X‐ray mammography that can be performed on most modern units, following a relatively inexpensive hard‐ and software upgrade. In this paper, we review the rapidly accumulating evidence that CEM can provide similar diagnostic accuracy to CE‐MRI, though at a significantly lower cost and offering greater comfort to the patient. The adoption of CEM can help meet the anticipated increased demand for CE‐MRI.
Assessment of cervical spine CT by an image quality audit using qualitative and quantitative methods
Authors: Bajwa Hooryia , Sritharan Thenugaa , Botha Tanita , Jackson Price , McAnulty Kim , Lim Lincoln J , Tran Phillip V , Reeves Shane , Biffin Leah , Narayanan Harish 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIntroductionTo study the feasibility and assess the correlation of qualitative and quantitative methods for an image quality (IQ) audit of a Cervical spine CT.MethodsFive radiologists retrospectively performed a blinded visual grading analysis (VGA) on 20 studies (10 from Protocol 1 and 10 from Protocol 2), using the RANZCR CT IQ Self‐Audit worksheet. A Visual Grading Analysis Score (VGAS) and Area under the curve using Visual Grading Characteristics (AUCVGC) were the figures of merit. Quantitative metrics for noise and contrast were correlated to the qualitative assessment.ResultsNo statistically significant difference was observed in the IQ, VGASProtocol 1 = 0.65, 95% CI [0.54, 0.75] and VGASProtocol 2 = 0.73, 95% CI [0.67, 0.79] and AUCVGC = 0.548, 95% CI [0.40, 0.69]. Protocol 2 indicated a statistically significant average dose reduction of 35% in CTDIvol (P = 0.020) and a higher noise; however, the difference was statistically insignificant. There was a moderate correlation between the manual noise measurements in soft tissue and air (P = 0.035) and a strong correlation between the manual and automated noise measurements (P < 0.001). The contrast resolution‐based quantitative parameter, EdgeGradientSoft, correlated to the qualitative scores (P = 0.031).ConclusionValidated VGA tools can be used for IQ audits; however, tailoring the image criteria and rating scale to the clinical practice is suggested. The use of contrast‐based IQ metrics showed encouraging results, and further larger‐scale studies are needed to explore their potential use in quality management.
Generating spatially realistic environmental null models with the shift‐&‐rotate approach helps evaluate false positives in species distribution modelling
Authors: Ridder Grace I. , Hardy Olivier J. , Ovaskainen Otso 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

To circumvent reporting spurious correlations, species distribution models often explicitly account for spatial autocorrelation, for example by including spatially structured random effects. The validity of statistical inference derived from such models has been tested by simulations using null environmental predictors that do not have any causal dependency with the response. Such null environmental predictors can be obtained by permutations of the original predictors or by simulating spatial structures resembling the original predictors. In such approaches, it is important that the permuted or simulated predictors reflect the nature of spatial variation present in the original predictors.

Here we present a novel approach for generating realistic null predictors by a shift‐&‐rotate (S&R) approach: we extract environmental variables after randomly translating and rotating the sampling area within a window of defined environmental layers. In this way, the null environmental variables have fully realistic spatial variation and covariation, but no relationship to the response variable. We implement the S&R approach to three main R‐functions and demonstrate with a simulation study how they can be used to untangle causal versus non‐causal relationships within species distribution modelling.

These methods allow us to quantify the predictive power attributed within the models due to non‐causal correlations generated by the realistic structure of the environmental covariates. In our case study, we identify when a model incorrectly estimates parameter values, yet still has high predictive power due to the structured nature of the predictor variables.

The use of null models is imperative in ecological modelling for testing the accuracy of statistical inference in complex ecological systems and the choice of these null models is far from trivial. Here we provide R functions for generating spatially realistic null models to use in species distribution modelling as well as other spatially explicit fields such as landscape genetics.
Communication barriers to optimal access to emergency rooms according to deaf and hard‐of‐hearing patients and health care workers: A mixed‐methods study
Authors: Tannenbaum‐Baruchi Carolina , Feder‐Bubis Paula , Aharonson‐Daniel Limor 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to identify communication barriers between health care workers (HCWs) and deaf and hard‐of‐hearing (DHH) patients. Both perspectives are offered to provide a comprehensive understanding.MethodsTwo consecutive studies were conducted from 2018 to 2021. Study 1 comprised mixed methods, employing a cross‐sectional survey (n = 288) and in‐depth interviews (n = 9) with DHH participants, utilizing accessible tools including sign language. Study 2 involved a cross‐sectional survey of health care emergency workers without hearing loss (N = 391).ResultsThe perceived self‐efficacy of DHH patients, and not their hearing loss, was linked with their ability to communicate independently with HCWs. No significant differences in successful communication with these providers were found vis‐à‐vis mode of communication utilized (sign language, writing, interpreter, etc.). In the qualitative findings, DHH patients noted two urgent care barriers: HCWs' communication unfamiliarity and patients’ communication accessibility issues. Quantitative findings indicated a main barrier: difficulties in communicating with HCWs in general (57%) and specifically in the emergency room (ER; 65%). Only 28.8% reported being able to independently communicate with ER staff. Health care providers were not familiar with effective communication strategies when treating these patients. Respondents indicating that communication was not a barrier to care were mainly administrative staff (54.55%), compared to nurses (32.74%) and physicians (22.58%).ConclusionsCommunication solutions are needed to improve access to health services, especially in emergencies. Providing medical staff training on effective communication strategies with these patients could simplify interactions and reduce the reliance on hearing family members, potentially improving medical care. Implementing a communication policy for frontline staff, along with the use of visual aids, is crucial. Health care professionals may not realize that small changes can greatly improve communication with DHH patients.
Subchondral curettage cement packing in the distal radius causes wrist joint degeneration: long‐term evaluation of distal radius giant‐cell bone tumour
Authors: Bayram Serkan , Yıldırım Ahmet Müçteba , Salduz Ahmet , Ünverengil Gökçen , Alpan Buğra , Bilgiç Bilge , Eralp Levent , Özger Harzem 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIntroductionThis study investigated wrist joint degeneration after curettage and PMMA treatment for giant cell bone tumours (GCBT) at the distal radius.MethodsWe performed a retrospective single‐centre study, which included 23 patients with GCBT at distal radius treated with curettage and PMMA between 2001 and 2021. The progression of wrist joint degeneration was assessed through radiographic evidence, comparing the postoperative grade with both the preoperative grade and the grade of the contralateral wrist at the latest follow‐up. We also analyzed the influence of age, sex, tumour distance of the joint, subchondral bone involvement, tumour size and body mass index.ResultsThe study included 23 patients with a mean age of 32.1 ± 13.3 years. The average duration of follow‐up was 96.4 ± 69 months (range, 24–265 months). The mean tumour–cartilage distance was 1.79 ± 2.4 mm (range, 0–10 mm) and the mean BMI was 23.5 ± 3.8 kg/m2. Degeneration of the wrist joint was evident in 16 patients (69.6%) at the final assessment, however, 10 patients (43.4%) were identified as having a progression of joint degeneration secondary to the surgical procedure among the 16 patients with wrist joint degeneration at the final control view. Age, gender, dominance, tumour–cartilage distance, subchondral bone involvement, tumour size, patient height, weight, and BMI were not associated with secondary joint degeneration.ConclusionsTen of 23 patients developed wrist joint degeneration over an average follow‐up period of 8 years, and no particular factors associated with the degeneration were identified.
CEO Locality and Employment Stickiness
Authors: Park Sohee , Bolor‐Erdene Batjargal , Jung Keumah , Sunwoo Hee‐Yeon 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWe explore whether CEOs’ hometown identity involves labour adjustment decisions. We document that local CEOs, with their hometown ties, reduce employment to a lesser degree following sales downturns than nonlocal CEOs. This finding suggests that local CEOs’ strong local attachments motivate them to prioritise employee interests and build good reputations, which create private benefits or reserve future career paths in their hometowns. Our findings are more pronounced in areas where local connections are highly valued, thus supporting our argument. We further find that the retention efforts of local CEOs are related to low future performance. We extend the cost stickiness literature by documenting that CEOs’ place attachment influences resource adjustment decisions, particularly regarding labour, which eventually influences subsequent performance.