bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oxygen Functionalization of Hexagonal Boron Nitride on Ni(111)
Authors: Späth Florian , Soni Himadri R. , Steinhauer Johann , Düll Fabian , Bauer Udo , Bachmann Phillip , Hieringer Wolfgang , Görling Andreas , Steinrück Hans‐Peter , Papp Christian 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe interaction of single‐layer hexagonal boron nitride (h‐BN) on Ni(111) with molecular oxygen from a supersonic molecular beam led to a covalently bonded molecular oxygen species, which was identified as being between a superoxide and a peroxide. This is a rare example of an activated adsorption process leading to a molecular adsorbate. The amount of oxygen functionalization depended on the kinetic energy of the molecular beam. For a kinetic energy of 0.7 eV, an oxygen coverage of 0.4 ML was found. Near‐edge X‐ray adsorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy revealed a stronger bond of h‐BN to the Ni(111) substrate in the presence of the covalently bound oxygen species. Oxygen adsorption also led to a shift of the valence bands to lower binding energies. Subsequent temperature‐programmed X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed that the oxygen boron bonds are stable up to approximately 580 K, when desorption, and simultaneously, etching of h‐BN set in. The experimental results were substantiated by density functional theory calculations, which provided insight to the adsorption geometry, the adsorption energy and the reaction pathway.
N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Derived 3‐Azabutadiene as a π‐Base in Classic and Frustrated Lewis Pair Chemistry
Authors: Kim Youngsuk , Liu Liu Leo , Stephan Douglas W. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractN‐Heterocyclic carbene (NHC) derived 3‐azabutadienes 1 and 2 have been prepared by a single‐step reaction of the corresponding NHC with cyclohexyl isocyanide. Compound 1 features π‐basic, delocalized nucleophilic sites over the 3‐azabutadiene moiety, therefore allowing for coordinating with small Lewis acids, such as AlCl3, GaCl3, and Me2SAuCl, to form diverse classic Lewis adducts 3–5. Combination of 1 with B(C6F5)3 or [Ph3C][B(C6F5)4] resulted in single‐electron transfer and the obtained radical cation was detected by EPR. In addition, a frustrated Lewis pair comprised of the π‐basic 1 and BPh3 effects the splitting of the O−H bond of phenol and the N−H bond of imidazole to give 7 and 8, respectively. An intrinsic bond orbital (IBO) analysis of the pathway leading to 8 showcases the transformation of the delocalized π‐electrons of 1 to a newly formed C−H localized σ‐bond.
A Thorium Metal‐Organic Framework with Outstanding Thermal and Chemical Stability
Authors: Carter Korey P. , Ridenour J. August , Kalaj Mark , Cahill Christopher L. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractA new thorium metal‐organic framework (MOF), Th(OBA)2, where OBA is 4,4′‐oxybis(benzoic) acid, has been synthesized hydrothermally in the presence of a range of nitrogen‐donor coordination modulators. This Th‐MOF, described herein as GWMOF‐13, has been characterized by single‐crystal and powder X‐ray diffraction, as well as through a range of techniques including gas sorption, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), solid‐state UV/Vis and luminescence spectroscopy. Single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis of GWMOF‐13 reveals an interesting, high symmetry (cubic Ia
d) structure, which yields a novel srs‐a topology. Most notably, TGA analysis of GWMOF‐13 reveals framework stability to 525 °C, matching the thermal stability benchmarks of the UiO‐66 series MOFs and zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs), and setting a new standard for thermal stability in f‐block based MOFs.
Allergic contact dermatitis from Solvent Orange 60 in spectacle frames
Authors: Shono Mamiko , Numata Mitsuru , Sasaki Kazumi 
Published: April 2019

AbstractPotential allergens in plastic spectacle frames concern plasticizers, antioxidants, UV filters, and dyes. Among the latter, Solvent Orange 60 (SO 60) has been recognized as an important allergen, and presently 32 cases have been reported in Japan and Scandinavia. In Japan, the first case of allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) from SO 60 in spectacle frames was reported in 1999, and 17 similar cases followed until 2018. Since 2006, 14 cases, observed among plastic production workers, and spectacle and dental goggle users, were reported in Scandinavia. This review provides a summary of the 18 Japanese cases of ACD from SO 60, the clinical manifestations, diagnostic method and results, provenance of causative spectacle plastic plates, as well as some countermeasures to prevent contact allergy to it.
Keratinocytes are mechanoresponsive to the microflow‐induced shear stress
Authors: Agarwal Tarun , Narayana Gautham H. , Banerjee Indranil 
Published: April 2019

AbstractHere, we have reported that keratinocytes respond to the microflow‐induced shear stress both at the collective and individual cell level. Using a microfluidic setup, we categorically showed that low shear stress of magnitude 0.06 dyne/cm2 could induce morphological variation and cytoskeletal reorganization in keratinocyte, whereas higher shear stress (6 dyne/cm2) resulted in cellular disruption. Using a series of blocker molecules specific to different mechanotransducers, we demonstrated the pivotal role of actin network in keratinocyte mechanoresponsiveness in conjugation with myosin and lipid rafts. Flow‐induced shear stress also induced significant elevation in E‐cadherin and Zonula occludens‐1 (ZO‐1) expression levels. We further showed that under the influence of shear stress, the extent of colocalization of E‐cadherin and ZO‐1 was more at the cell–cell junction that indicates an improvement in the epithelial phenotype. An increase in the expression of nuclear lamin was also observed in the sheared cells that suggest the transmission of mechanical signals to the nucleus. It is envisioned that this study may find its application in basic and applied organogenesis of the epidermis.
Change in colour preference in 50 years duration and its dependence on age
Authors: Nemcsics Antal , Takács Jenő 
Published: April 2019

AbstractTo our knowledge, there has been no colour preference studies carried out 50 years apart, by using identical colour samples, done under identical experimental circumstances and by using experimental subjects selected from identical population groups. Our present article is a comparative study based on two experiments carried out on colour preference in 1967 and following that in 2017 50 years later.Graphs and mathematical expressions show the dependence of colour preference on age of the general public in this study.
Light‐Harvesting Antenna and Proton‐Activated Photodynamic Effect of a Novel BODIPY−Fullerene C60 Dyad as Potential Antimicrobial Agent
Authors: Agazzi Maximiliano L. , Durantini Javier E. , Gsponer Natalia S. , Durantini Andrés M. , Bertolotti Sonia G. , Durantini Edgardo N. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractA covalently linked BODIPY−fullerene C60 dyad (BDP−C60) was synthesized as a two‐segment structure, which consists of a visible light‐harvesting antenna attached to an energy or electron acceptor moiety. This structure was designed to improve the photodynamic action of fullerene C60 to inactivate bacteria. The absorption spectrum of BDP−C60 was found to be a superposition of the spectra of its constitutional moieties, whereas the fluorescence emission of the BODIPY unit was strongly quenched by the fullerene C60. Spectroscopic, calculations, and redox studies indicate a competence between photoinduced energy and electron transfer. Protonating the dimethylaminophenyl substituent through addition of an acidic medium led to a substantial increase in the fluorescence emission, triplet excited state formation, and singlet molecular oxygen production. At physiological pH, photosensitized inactivation of Staphylococcus aureus mediated by 1 μM BDP−C60 exhibited a 4.5 log decrease of cell survival (>99.997 %) after 15 min irradiation. A similar result was obtained with Escherichia coli using 30 min irradiation. Moreover, proton‐activated photodynamic action of BDP−C60 turned this dyad into a highly effective photosensitizer to eradicate E. coli. Therefore, BDP−C60 is an interesting photosensitizing structure in which the light‐harvesting antenna effect of the BODIPY unit combined with the protonation of dimethylaminophenyl group can be used to improve the photoinactivation of bacteria.
Certified Benefit Corporations as a new way to make sustainable business: The Italian example
Authors: Gazzola Patrizia , Grechi Daniele , Ossola Paola , Pavione Enrica 
Published: April 2019

AbstractA Benefit Corporation is one possible alternative to traditional business models and a new way of managing business and sustainability. Emphasis on B‐Corporations in Italy dates back 2006, and 1 year later, B LAB certified the first Benefit Corporation Industry using the first version of the Benefit Impact Assessment process. Since then, the number of B‐Corporations has been growing, showing the success of the initiative of this category of firm that have voluntarily decided to pursue, like the profit, a further purpose: to obtain in the exercise of economic activity a positive impact on society and on the planet. After a presentation of the Benefit Corporation features, the main aim of this paper is to explore the relations that exists between the five different impact areas considered in certification awarded to Certified Benefit Corporation and the net profit value, using ordinary least squares regression model based on the entire sample of the Italian Certified enterprises.
Cytological differences between invasive and noninvasive or minimally invasive lung adenocarcinomas diagnosed in Japanese patients using needle biopsy specimens of pulmonary lesions ≤3 cm in diameter
Authors: Matsubayashi Jun , Miyake Shinji , Kudo Yujin , Shimada Yoshihisa , Maeda Junichi , Saji Hisashi , Kakihana Masatoshi , Park Jinho , Kajiwara Naohiro , Inoue Shigeru , Saito Kazuhiro , Ohira Tatsuo , Ikeda Norihiko , Tokuuye Koichi , Nagao Toshitaka 
Published: April 2019

BackgroundAccording to the WHO classification for lung cancer, adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS) and minimally invasive adenocarcinoma (MIA) have a better prognosis than invasive adenocarcinoma (IAD). However, detecting the foci of invasion in lung adenocarcinomas radiologically remains difficult. The present study examined whether or not differences in the cytological characteristics between IAD and AIS or MIA (noninvasive or minimally invasive adenocarcinomas [NMIAD]) plays a role in the differential diagnosis.MethodsSeventy surgical resection specimens of primary lung adenocarcinoma with preoperative cytology, in which several parameters were evaluated and assessed.ResultsThe histopathological diagnoses of surgical resection specimens were AIS in 8, MIA in 31, IAD in 31 including lepidic adenocarcinoma in 9, and papillary adenocarcinoma in 22. NMIAD had a 100% 5‐year recurrence‐free survival (RFS), while IAD had an 82.8% 5‐year RFS. The numbers of tumor cells (at ×10 magnification in 10 fields) were 60.3 ± 40.5 in IAD and 39.8 ± 28.7 in NMIAD (P = 0.0017). A univariate analysis of cytological parameters revealed significant differences in large tumor cell clusters, three‐dimensional (3D) tumor cell clusters, and irregular nuclear contours between the two groups. The frequency of irregular nuclear contours continued to be significantly different according to a multivariate analysis.ConclusionLarge or 3D tumor cell clusters and irregular nuclear contours may be important cytological factors for distinguishing IAD from NMIAD, with the latter being potentially more important for distinguishing between the two groups.
Plant size influences abundance of floral visitors and biomass allocation for the cushion plant Thylacospermum caespitosum under an extreme alpine environment
Authors: Zhao Ruiming , Zhang Hua , An Lizhe 
Published: April 2019

AbstractVariation in size may influence the abundance of visitors and reproductive allocation for cushion plants in the extreme alpine environments. To assess effects of plant size on the abundance of main visitors and reproductive allocation in Thylacospermum caespitosum populations at two altitudes, the abundance of the visitors, visiting frequency, total number of flowers, number of fruits, number of unseeded flowers, and reproductive allocation were investigated during the period of reproductive growth. Concurrently, the effects of plant size on the visitors' contributions to fruit setting rate were assessed by a bagging experiment. Our results showed that flies (Musca domestica and Dasyphora asiatica) were the main pollinating insects of T. caespitosum, and they could obvious facilitate (p < 0.05) the fruit setting rate of this cushion plant. Seed set and floral visitation were significantly influenced (p < 0.001) by plant size. Moreover, the reproductive allocation and fruit setting rate of T. caespitosum was influenced (p < 0.001) by plant size. More biomass was allocated to reproduction in plants of greater diameter. There is an increase in reproductive success (increases of fruit number with increase in plant size) in relation to plant size. In conclusion, the extent of M. domestica and D. asiatica to facilitate the fruit setting rate mainly depended on the size of T. caespitosum. Size‐dependent reproductive allocation occurred in T. caespitosum and was the chief factor affecting the contribution of flies to fruit setting rate. These traits reflect reproductive fitness of T. caespitosum related to plant size in extreme alpine environments.
Mechanistic Insights into Light‐Activated Catalysis for Water Oxidation
Authors: Natali Mirco , Nastasi Francesco , Puntoriero Fausto , Sartorel Andrea 
Published: April 2019

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue is Andrea Sartorel from the University of Padova, Italy. The cover image shows a “water oxidation” sundial from Vannes (Brittany, France).
An integrated model for productivity prediction of cyclic steam stimulation with horizontal well
Authors: He Congge , Xu Anzhu , Fan Zifei , Zhao Lun , Shan Fachao , Bo Bing 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAs the accurate productivity prediction of cyclic steam stimulation with horizontal well (CSSHW) is essential for its effective utilization in heavy oil reservoirs, a novel integrated model for predicting productivity ofCSSHWwas proposed in this paper. Firstly, governing equations to predict thermophysical parameters of injected steam in the horizontal well were established. On the basis, the heating model for radius of hot fluid zone and steam zone were derived respectively according to a more realistic temperature distribution of formation. Then, coupled with heating model, the productivity prediction model was established according to the principle of equivalent percolation resistance. Then, comparisons have been made among the new model results,CMG STARSresults, and measured data to verify its accuracy. Finally, after the new proposed model is validated, the effects of steam quality and injection rate on heating radius and oil production were analyzed in detail. The results indicate that the result of new model is in good agreement with that ofCMG STARSand measured data, verifying the correctness of the model. In addition, the radius of hot fluid zone and steam zone both decreases with horizontal well length because of the heat losses as the steam flows along the horizontal wellbore. Influential factor analysis shows that high steam quality and steam injection rate can improve heating radius and cumulative oil production.
An erosional origin for drumlins of NW Poland
Authors: Hermanowski Piotr , Piotrowski Jan A. , Szuman Izabela 
Published: April 2019

AbstractDrumlins are landforms essential to understanding of ice sheet movement over soft beds, sediment transport along the ice/bed interface, and the formation of a wide range of glacial deposits. Although investigated more than any other glacial landform, the origin of drumlins remains contentious. Using high‐resolution LiDAR imagery and field data, we investigate the geomorphology and internal composition of one of the biggest drumlin fields in the North European Lowland. The Stargard drumlin field consists of over 1300 drumlins and related streamlined subglacial bedforms in a terminal part of a major Weichselian palaeo‐ice stream of the southern Scandinavian Ice Sheet. The drumlins are typically 600‐800 m long, 200‐250 m wide, 3‐6 m high and have axial elongation ratios ~2 but in some cases exceeding 15. Several subzones inferred from drumlin morphometry exist reflecting different ice flow dynamics. The most elongated drumlins occur in areas where ice moved down‐slope and where thick fine‐grained deposits of low hydraulic conductivity occur in the substratum. The largest portion of land occupied by drumlins and the greatest frequency density of drumlins occur where the ice moved up‐slope. Stargard drumlins are composed of a wide variety of glacial deposits including various types of tills and meltwater sediments, which range from undisturbed to heavily deformed. There is no correlation between the deposits in the drumlins and the drumlin forms indicating that the deposits pre‐date the drumlinizing process. It is suggested that the drumlin field was generated by a combination of direct glacial erosion and subglacial meltwater erosion by removing antecedent material from the inter‐drumlin areas and streamlining the resultant bumps. Our data support the search for a unifying theory of drumlin formation and suggest erosion as the most plausible single mechanism generating drumlin landscapes. © 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Data‐driven modeling based on kernel extreme learning machine for sugarcane juice clarification
Authors: Meng Yanmei , Yu Shuangshuang , Wang Hui , Qin Johnny , Xie Yanpeng 
Published: April 2019

AbstractClarification of sugarcane juice is an important operation in the production process of sugar industry. The gravity purity and the color value of juice are the two most important evaluation indexes in the cane sugar production using the sulphitation clarification method. However, in the actual operation, the measurement of these two indexes is usually obtained by offline experimental titration, which makes it impossible to timely adjust the system indicators. A data‐driven modeling based on kernel extreme learning machine is proposed to predict the gravity purity of juice and the color value of clear juice. The model parameters are optimized by particle swarm optimization. Experiments are conducted to verify the effectiveness and superiority of the modeling method. Compared with BP neural network, radial basis neural network, and support vector machine, the model has a good performance, which proves the reliability of the model.
Biogas Power Generation with SOFC to Demonstrate Energy Circulation Suitable for Mekong Delta, Vietnam
Authors: Shiratori Y. , Sakamoto M. , Nguyen T. G. H. , Yamakawa T. , Kitaoka T. , Orishima H. , Matsubara H. , Watanabe Y. , Nakatsuka S. , Doan T. C. D. , Dang C. M. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractFor sustainable development of Southeast Asian countries, the use of regional biomass waste for power generation must be promoted. In our Vietnam‐Japan joint project contributing to the sustainable development goals (SDGs), a shrimp farm in Ben Tre (Mekong Delta area) was selected as a demonstration site for an energy circulation system that includes a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC). We found that sludge accumulated during intensive‐shrimp culture can be used as a source of methanogenic bacteria to decompose lignocellulosic and starch‐based biomass. Bagasse and coconut pomace are mixed with the shrimp pond water containing organic matter and minerals, then supplied to a digester with seed sludge (shrimp pond sludge) to produce biogas, which converted to electricity using the SOFC system. The green electricity is used for shrimp culture, main industry of this region. Based on this concept, a pilot plant with 1 kW SOFC system was constructed at the shrimp farm in Ben Tre. So far, stable biogas production necessary for the continuous operation of the 1 kW SOFC was achieved by the daily supply of 6 kg of bagasse and 8 kg of coconut pomace (dry basis), and power generation efficiency of 53.1% (LHV: lower heating value) was achieved.
The Stockholm Bypass – Design and execution of grouting works
Authors: Creütz Mikael , Osterman Fredrik 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe E4 Stockholm Bypass is a new route for the European highway (E4) past the Swedish capital Stockholm. The bypass will connect the southern and northern parts of Stockholm. To reduce the impact on the surroundings, 18 km of the total of 21 km of the Stockholm Bypass are being constructed in tunnels. The Bypass will be one of the longest road tunnels in the world, with a construction cost of 3.1 billion Euro (2009 prices).The challenges have been many, for example how to evaluate the hydraulic rock mass properties for such a vast tunnel stretch and then find the most suitable grouting design, the contractor's ability to deliver proper grout properties and suitable grouting equipment, the time and resources needed for QA/QC of the grouting works and the need for adaption of the grouting works to true geological conditions. Not to mention the complexity of monitoring water ingress during construction for the Client to show that the sealing demands are being met according to the environmental permits for water works operations. The Stockholm Bypass is by far the largest rock fissure grouting operation undertaken for road tunnels in Swedish history.
Prevalence and correlates of psychotropic drug use in Dutch nursing home patients with young‐onset dementia
Authors: Mulders Ans J.M.J. , Zuidema Sytse U. , Leeuwis Renée , Bor Hans , Verhey Frans R.J. , Koopmans Raymond T.C.M. 
Published: April 2019

ObjectivesNeuropsychiatric symptoms (NPSs) in dementia patients in nursing homes are common and often treated with psychotropic drugs. Thus far, studies on psychotropic drug use (PDU) mainly focused on elderly patients with dementia. It is important to know the prevalence and correlates of PDU in patients with young‐onset dementia (YOD) to optimize NPS treatment and reduce excess PDU in this group.DesignThe Behavior and Evolution in Young‐Onset Dementia (BEYOnD) study is a cross‐sectional study in 230 residents with YOD in eight nursing homes providing specialized YOD care. PDU was registered from medical charts. The influence of age, gender, severity, and type of dementia, NPS, and agitation on PDU was analyzed.ResultsEighty‐seven percent of the residents used psychotropic drugs, and 47% used two or more psychotropic drugs. No significant associations with age, gender, dementia subtype, and dementia severity were found. Depressive symptoms showed an association with the use of antidepressants, nighttime behavior with use of hypnotics, and verbal agitation with antipsychotics. Apathy was strongly associated with lower PDU.ConclusionsNursing home patients with YOD have a high prevalence of PDU. The association with NPS raises questions of efficacy of these drugs in managing NPS. Patients with apathy had a lower chance of using psychotropics. More research on indications and effects of psychotropic drugs is needed, as well as on (nonpharmacological) alternatives for managing challenging behavior in YOD.