bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantifying environmental co-benefits of nitrogen
based crop restructuring and its implication on
trade network system
Authors: Bhatia Udit , Goyal Shekhar , Kumar Rohini 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Addressing sustainability within food systems is challenging due to their multifaceted nature. Our study focuses on the Indian agricultural system, where the balance of nutrient management and water conservation is crucial, yet underexplored. We show that the nitrogen-focused crop restructuring strategy reduces the nitrogen surplus by 16–24% and water use by 20–40%. This approach not only improves farmer income and calorie production but also mitigates greenhouse gas emissions (by 28%; 113 Mt CO2 eq). Further, the nitrogen-focused restructuring is 5 times more efficient in delivering cross-benefits compared to water-focused restructuring strategies, resulting in a decrease in socio-environmental costs associated with nitrogen pollution of around $1.97 billion USD. The consequential agricultural restructuring results in a 4.3 times increase in alternative crop trade volume in the interstate trade network. Overall, our analysis presents a compelling case for India and, by extension, global agricultural practices to conscientiously integrate nutrient management into their strategies while advocating for environmental sustainability objectives
Individual Curiosity Modulates Exploration in Sequential Book Selection
Authors: Gong Xuanjun , Shen Cuihua , Boorman Erie , Huskey Richard 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

How do people choose what book to read? At times, people choose to exploit well-known options that are likely to lead to high enjoyment. However, readers must also effectively explore novel books in order to learn about less-known alternatives that might lead to high enjoyment. It is unknown precisely how and why readers make these sequential book selection decisions. By placing book options in a semantic embedding space, we show that people decide which book to explore using a structured generalization mechanism based on semantic similarities between known and unknown books and a directed exploration mechanism that incentivizes seeking books in high uncertainty. In addition, we demonstrate that people’s directed and random book exploration patterns are modulated by individual differences in curiosity, which fosters reading enjoyment and promotes exploring unfamiliar books. In summary, our study demonstrates that these computational mechanisms generalize to a new and ecologically valid context in order to drive consequential exploratory decisions with important real-world implications.
DNA sequence-induced solid phase transitions as a solution to the genome folding paradox
Authors: Lomvardas Stavros , Pulupa Joan , McArthur Natalie , Stathi Olga , Wang Miao , Zazhytska Marianna , Pirozzolo Isabella , Nayar Ahana , Shapiro Lawrence 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Ultra long-range genomic contacts, which emerge as prominent components of genome architecture, constitute a biochemical paradox. This is because regulatory DNA elements make selective and stable contacts with DNA sequences located megabases away, instead of interacting with proximal sequences occupied by the same exact transcription factors (TF). This is exemplified in olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs), where only a fraction of Lhx2/Ebf1/Ldb1-bound sites interact with each other, converging into highly selective multi-chromosomal enhancer hubs. In vitro hub reconstitution reveals that TF motif variations impose distinct homotypic properties to their resident Lhx2/Ebf1/Ldb1 complexes, enabling formation of nucleoprotein condensates with solid phase characteristics. Live imaging and single molecule tracking of Lhx2/Ebf1 proteins in cultured OSNs confirm that assembly of transcription-competent solid condensates occurs in vivo under physiological protein concentrations. Thus, DNA sequence-induced homophilic nucleoprotein interactions provide a generalizable explanation for the stability and specificity of long-range genomic contacts that control cellular identity and function.
Myosin-dependent short actin filaments contribute to peripheral widening in developing stereocilia
Authors: Liao Xiayi , Tung Chun-Yu , Krey Jocelyn F. , Behnammanesh Ghazaleh , Cirilo Joseph A. , Colpan Mert , Yengo Christopher M. , Barr-Gillespie Peter G. , Bird Jonathan E. , Perrin Benjamin J. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

In the auditory and vestibular systems, stereocilia are actin-based protrusions that convert mechanical stimuli into electrical signals. During development, stereocilia elongate and widen by adding filamentous actin (F-actin), attaining their mature shape necessary for mechanosensitive function. Myosin motors, including MYO3A/B and MYO15A, are required for normal stereocilia growth, but the regulation of actin and the impact of myosins on actin assembly remain unclear. We focused on stereocilia widening, which requires the addition of new filaments to the bundle of linear F-actin comprising the initial stereocilia core. Our findings revealed that newly expressed actin incorporates at the stereocilia tip first, then along the shaft to promote stereocilia widening. The newly incorporated F-actin surrounded the existing F-actin core, suggesting that the core is stable once formed, with additional actin adding only to the periphery. To better understand the nature of incorporating actin, we used several probes to detect globular (G-) actin, F-actin barbed ends, and F-actin pointed ends. While F-actin core filaments are parallel and thought to present only barbed ends at stereocilia tips, we also detected F-actin pointed ends, indicating a previously undetected population of short actin filaments. Overexpression of actin resulted in abundant F-actin pointed and barbed ends along the periphery of the stereocilia shaft, suggesting that short actin filaments contribute to stereocilia widening. Short actin filament levels correlated with the levels of MYO3A/B and MYO15A at stereocilia tips, suggesting these myosins generate or stabilize short actin filaments essential for stereocilia widening and elongation.
TRIM21-mediated ubiquitination of PARP1 suppresses small cell lung cancer progression through the PI3K/AKT/STAT5A axis
Authors: Lin wenchu , Cao guozhen , Li gongfeng , Wang Xiaolin , Yao Xinhuang , Zhang Jiahui , Hou peng , Guo Xiaopeng , wang jiarong , Xiang Li 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Abnormal accumulation of Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) is implicated in the progression of several cancers. However, the mechanisms responsible for PARP1 protein stabilization remain incompletely understood. In this study, we identify E3 ubiquitin ligase tripartite motif-containing 21 (TRIM21) as a novel PARP1-binding partner. PARP1 directly interacts with TRIM21 via its HD domain, while the PRY-SPRY domain of TRIM21 is essential for this interaction. Consequently, TRIM21 facilitates the polyubiquitination of PARP1 at the K654 residue, promoting its degradation under physiological conditions. Functionally, we show that TRIM21 is significantly downregulated in small cell lung cancer (SCLC), and its tumor-suppressive potential appears partly mediated by its interaction with PARP1 and the subsequent degradation of PARP1, which supports DNA damage repair and maintains genomic integrity. Additionally, we reveal that the PI3K/AKT pathway suppresses TRIM21 expression through transcription factor STAT5A, which impedes the ubiquitination and degradation of PARP1. Notably, combining the PI3K/AKT inhibitor PKI-587 with the PARP inhibitor (PARPi) BMN673 yields enhanced anti-tumor effects in both in vitro and in vivo models of SCLC. Collectively, our findings establish the “PI3K/AKT-STAT5A-TRIM21-PARP1” signaling axis as a critical pathway in SCLC tumorigenesis. Dual inhibition of this axis with PI3K/AKT inhibitors and PARPi offers promising therapeutic potential for SCLC treatment.
Immunotherapy drug target identification using machine learning and patient-derived tumour explant validation
Authors: Litchfield Kevin , Augustine Marcellus , Nene Nuno Rocha , Fu Hongchang , Pinder Christopher , Ligammari Lorena , Simpson Alexander , Sanz-Fernández Irene , Thakkar Krupa , Qian Danwen , Fitzsimons Evelyn , Simpson Benjamin , Niederer Heather , Turajlic Samra , McGranahan Nicholas , Watkins Chris , Swanton Charles 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Immunotherapy has revolutionised cancer treatment, yet few patients respond clinically, necessitating alternative strategies that can benefit these patients. Novel immune-oncology targets can achieve this through bypassing resistance mechanisms to standard therapies. To address this, we introduce MIDAS, a multimodal graph neural network system for immune-oncology target discovery that leverages gene interactions, multi-omic patient profiles, immune cell biology, antigen processing, disease associations, and phenotypic consequences of genetic perturbations. MIDAS generalises to time-sliced data, outcompetes existing methods, including OpenTargets, and distinguishes approved from prospective targets. Moreover, MIDAS recovers immunotherapy response-associated genes in unseen trials, thus capturing tumour-immune dynamics within human tumours. Interpretability analyses reveal a reliance on autoimmunity, regulatory networks, and relevant biological pathways. Functionally perturbing the OSM-OSMR axis, a proposed target, in TRACERx melanoma patient-derived explants yielded reduced dysfunctional CD8+ T cells, which associate with immunotherapy response. Our results present a machine learning framework for analysing multimodal data for immune-oncology discovery.
Can We Replace the Surgeon in Clinic? Assessing the Role of Nurse Extenders in a Stone Clinic
Authors: Hengel A. Ross , Fodness Stephanie , Schuler Trevor , Wollin Tim , De Shubha 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

INTRODUCTION:
Limited literature surrounds medical extenders’ roles in the management of specific patient populations. Our Stone Clinic utilizes a stone clinic registered nurse (SRN) to review and communicate details of new patients to the treating urologist. The objective of this study was to characterize the accuracy of SRN generated management plans, when compared to those of the treating urologists.
METHODS:
A retrospective review of our Acute Stone Clinic patients was performed over a 90 day period. A standardized ‘Clinical Summary and Disposition Planning’ document was utilized by the SRN for all new patients. Management plans were compared between SRN and Urologist, categorical data was compared using Chi-Square test, and agreement was tested with Kappa Tests.
RESULTS:
Of the 226 patients reviewed (67.7% male, mean age 54 years) disposition plans included;
Follow-up imaging (34.5%), ureteroscopy (URS, 28.3%), Shock Wave Lithotripsy (SWL, 20.4%), observation (10.2%), and other (6.6%). Comparing SRN to urologist plans, overall agreement was 55.3% with moderate agreement (Kappa=0.43). When selecting between intervention or observation, overall agreement was 70.8% with moderate agreement (Kappa=0.46). When choosing intervention vs. observation, the SRN was correct in 75.0% though the correct intervention was only selected in 55.1%. The SRN was more likely to select intervention than surgeon when patients were symptomatic (84.0% vs. 64.5%, chi=12.54 p<0.01).
CONCLUSION:
This study demonstrates that within our clinic extenders are able to predict the management plan in 55.3% of cases. Further work is required in understanding which factors may contribute to errors in disposition planning, and where opportunities for education may exist.
Continuous Visual Navigation with Ant-Inspired Memories
Authors: Gattaux Gabriel , Wystrach Antoine , Serres Julien , Ruffier Franck 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Solitary foraging ants excel in following long visual routes in complex environments with limited sensory and neural resources—an ability that remains challenging for robots with minimal computational power. Here, we introduce a self-supervised, insect-inspired neural network that enables robust route-following on the compact, low-cost Antcar robot. The robot leverages key aspects of ant brain and behavior: (i) continuous, one-shot visual route learning using panoramic encoding in a mushroom body-inspired network, (ii) categorization of low-resolution egocentric panoramas via oscillatory movements, (iii) opponent-process control of angular and forward velocities based on visual familiarity, (iv) recognition of places of interest along routes, and (v) motivation-based memory modulation. Antcar autonomously followed routes between indoor or outdoor destinations, forward or backward, while remaining stable in both theoretical analysis and real-world testing despite occlusions and visual changes. Across 1.3 km of autonomous travel, Antcar achieved challenging route-following with sub-20 cm lateral error at speeds up to 150 cm/s, requiring only 148 kilobits of memory and processing panoramas every 62 ms. This efficient, brain-inspired architecture stands out from more sensor-intensive and computationally demanding methods, presenting a neuromorphic approach with valuable insights into insect navigation and practical robotic applications.
Precise Atomic Control of Adjacent Nitrogen Microenvironment in Covalent Organic Frameworks for Boosting Hydrogen Peroxide Photosynthesis
Authors: Zhou Wei , Wang Wenjiao , Zhan Zhen , Chu Hongqi , Guo Liping , Liao Lijun , Li Zhenzi , Wang Xuepeng , Cai Songhua 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

The microenvironmental changes on the skeleton of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have an ineluctable impact on photocatalytic performance. However, the precise control at the atomic level of adjacent units and the synergistic effect between imine bonds on the photocatalytic process are frequently overlooked. Herein, we develop various COFs with different nitrogen contents for adjacent units of imine bonds (-C = N-) and applied them to the H2O2 photosynthesis. Distinct from traditional photocatalytic reactions, the adsorption and activation of oxygen molecules may predominate over photogenerated charge migration in the H2O2 generation process. Specifically, the synergistic effect between -C = N- and nitrogen atoms in adjacent units can more conducive to oxygen adsorption and lower the reaction energy barrier, thereby facilitating the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR, O2 → 1O2 → ●O2− → H2O2). Notably, under AM 1.5G illumination, the efficiency of H2O2 photosynthesis for COF-T33 can be up to 88 mmol g− 1 h− 1, which is the highest value reported so far under similar conditions. Furthermore, only after 5 hours of light irradiation, the obtained H2O2 content can reach 0.44 wt%, meeting the requirements for industrial applications. This work deeply uncovers the internal mechanism of precise regulation for the microenvironment on photocatalytic reaction process.
Live Streaming and Short Videos: Novel Marketing Practices in Cross-Border E-commerce and Opportunities for SMEs: Evidence from China
Authors: Kouam Arthur William Fodouop 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

COVID-19 and its constraints have pushed enterprises to develop new business strategies. As a result, new marketing practices, notably live streaming, and short videos, have emerged. Relying on the Stimulus Organism Response model, this paper assesses the impact of live streaming and short videos on the customers of cross-border e-commerce SMEs. Data were obtained via an online questionnaire from 320 cross-border e-commerce customers of SMEs. The study used Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) to interpret the data. Findings show that live streaming and short videos positively affect customer trust, consumer engagement, and purchase intention. In addition, they offer companies new marketing tools to communicate with customers and advertise their products to a larger audience. SMEs that are not performing live streaming and short videos should adopt these new marketing practices, while those already performing should intensify them based on the contributions of this research. In live streaming and short videos, SMEs should provide accurate details of the products and display professionalism to obtain good results.
eFCMG - An Evolving Fuzzy Classifier with Participatory Learning and Multivariable Gaussian for Data Stream
Authors: Silva Alisson , Rodrigues Savio , Souza Paulo Vitor de Campos 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

This paper introduces a novel evolving fuzzy classifier that begins with no initial structure and develops incrementally through a participatory learning-based clustering algorithm. It employs multivariable Gaussian membership functions for rule antecedents and class outputs for consequents. The classifier's learning algorithm is designed to adjust dynamically by creating, merging, deleting, and updating clusters and rules. Uniquely, it features a 'procrastination' approach where clusters are initially formed in a disabled state to robustly manage outliers and ensure only representative data influence the model. Clusters are refined based on compatibility measures using the Mahalanobis distance, with adjustments to learning rates influenced by the nature of incoming data—slowing for anomalies and accelerating for typical inputs. This mechanism enhances adaptability and model accuracy, distinguishing it from existing fuzzy classifiers. Comparative analyses on binary and multiclass tasks demonstrate its superior or competitive performance, underscoring the classifier's innovative approach to evolving fuzzy classification.
Assessment Of Barriers to The Utilization of Primary Healthcare Services in Bwari Area Council, Abuja FCT, Nigeria.
Authors: Enaworu Oghenetanure Ryan , Amos Nworie 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

This study investigated barriers to assessing community health services, and utilization of primary healthcare (PHC) services in Bwari Area Council, Abuja FCT, Nigeria, focusing on identifying barriers and assessing community satisfaction. A cross-sectional quantitative approach was employed over six months, involving 404 participants selected through a multistage sampling technique. Structured survey questionnaires were utilized to collect data on demographics, healthcare utilization, and barriers to PHC. The study revealed diverse demographic characteristics, with a predominant level of satisfaction among 213 (52.87%) participants. Proximity, 128 (31.68%), and cost of services, 103(25.50%) emerged as primary motivators for utilizing healthcare services. Noteworthy barriers include long waiting times, 230(56.93%), inadequate healthcare facilities 206(50.99%), and stigma associated with healthcare-seeking 183 (45.30%). The findings highlight the significance of addressing these barriers to enhance accessibility and satisfaction with community healthcare services. Recommendations include strategies to reduce waiting times, improve infrastructure, conduct awareness campaigns, and explore measures to reduce the cost of services, contributing to the broader goal of fostering equitable healthcare access and enhancing community well-being. The study makes a valuable contribution to the understanding of PHC utilization patterns, satisfaction levels, and barriers, offering insights for policymakers, healthcare providers, and researchers working towards enhancing community health services.
A Bioanalytical Method Using High-performance Liquid Chromatography-mass Spectrometry for Determining Empagliflozin and Linagliptin in Human Plasma: Application in Bioequivalence Pharmacokinetic Study
Authors: Said Rana , Arafat Basel , Arafat Tawfiq 
Published: December 2024

Background and Objective:
A combination of empagliflozin and linagliptin in a fixed
dosage was employed for treating individuals with a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus. A rapid,
accurate, and sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method was devised and
validated for simultaneous measuring empagliflozin and linagliptin levels in human plasma. This
method provides a good analytical tool for bioequivalence and pharmacokinetic studies.

Methods:
The separation was conducted employing a C8 column using a mobile phase consisting
of acetonitrile (ACN, 2.5mM) and ammonium chloride (55:45). Optimal detection of the analytes
and their deuterated internal standards was accomplished through electrospray ionization in the
positive mode.

Results:
Validation of standard curve concentrations linearity was carried out within the ranges of
1.500 – 500.000 ng/mL for empagliflozin and 0.050 – 7.000 ng/mL for linagliptin. Both drugs
showed intra-batch and inter-batch precision (CV%) of less than 3.7%. The stability of the drugs
was confirmed under various storage conditions, proving suitability for routine laboratory analysis.

Conclusion:
This validated method is appropriate for pharmacokinetic studies and large-scale
analysis with high precision and accuracy.
Exploring Mental Health Issues and Priorities in Indonesia Through Qualitative Expert Consensus
Authors: Basrowi Ray Wagiu , Wiguna Tjhin , Samah Kristin , Djuwita F Moeloek Nila , Soetrisno Mudji , Purwanto Semiarto Aji , Ekowati Maria , Elisabeth Adriana , Rahadian Andre , Ruru Bacelius , Pelangi Bunga 
Published: December 2024

Background
Mental health well-being is a fundamental human right. However, mental health awareness is not yet considered as a main priority for the government and public in Indonesia. Thus, there is an urgent need for Indonesians to fully comprehend the importance of raising mental health awareness.

Methods
A discussion among 45 experts in September until October 2023 was conducted by the Community Caucus Caring for Mental Health to raise an awareness of the importance of mental health in Indonesia. The results were reported as an expert consensus.

Results
The discussion acknowledged the urgency of managing mental health issue along with its five key drivers and three essences. It identified nine specific themes of mental health issues in Indonesia by focusing on four high-risk population groups. The consensus proposed multi-pronged recommendations, i.e., developing personalized mental health-related campaigns and movements, conducting mental health-relevant studies at clinical and community settings, incorporating of mental health awareness in teaching curriculum and family’s discussion, innovating technology for screening and diagnosing mental health issues, as well as an providing mental health first-aid with wide access to all population.

Conclusion
The expert consensus concluded that Indonesians must start to prioritize mental health awareness and to provide sufficient resources to screen, diagnose and treat individuals with mental health disorders. The expert consensus identified nine specific themes of mental health issues in Indonesia and subsequently proposed multi-pronged recommendations with an aim to improve mental health awareness in Indonesia.