bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patterns of partial edentulism based on Kennedy’s classification among patients reporting to Nepal Medical College and Teaching Hospital
Authors: Rana Samskar Bickram , Acharya Binod , Bhochhibhoya Amar , Sharma Rinu , Acharya Jemish , Mainali Apekshya 
Published: April 2019

Background: Edentulism is a sequel of tooth loss which leads to impairment of normal function, comfort, aesthetics and speech. It also leads to various undesirable consequences like occlusal discrepancies, migration and spacing of surrounding teeth, supra eruption, loss of space, temporomandibular disorders and other unwanted changes. Little is known about the prevalence of patterns of edentulism in Nepal.
Objectives: To assess the prevalence of Kennedy’s classification on partially edentulous patients.
Methodology: A prospective cross-sectional study was carried out among 300 patients within the age of 18-80 years visiting the Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, College of Dental Science and Hospital -Nepal Medical College with at least one missing tooth from Jan 2018-March 2018.
Results: Out of 300 patients enrolled, a majority were female (178; 59.3%). The patients mostly affected by partially edentulous condition were among the age group of 51 to 60 years (78; 26%). The distribution of partially edentulous areas were similar in maxillary (80; 26%) and mandibular (85; 28.3%) arches and 45% of the patients (n=135) had one or more missing tooth/teeth on both arches. Kennedy’s class III was found in more than 31% of the patients (n=94) in the maxillary arch and 30% (n=91) in the mandibular arch. Likewise, Kennedy’s class III with modification 1 was seen in 21% (n=62) cases in the maxillary and 24% (n=72) cases in the mandibular arch.
Conclusion: Kennedy’s class III and Kennedy’s class III with modification 1 were the most common type of pattern of partially edentulous area on both arches.
Prevalence of work related musculoskeletal disorders among canteen staff of Kathmandu University
Authors: Shakya Nishchal Ratna , Shrestha Shreya 
Published: April 2019

Background: Work related musculoskeletal disorders are common complaint at workplace and is a leading cause of illness. A kitchen worker’s work consists of continuous long standing hours, awkward positions, lifting heavy loads and repetitive activities. The prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders is related to demographic factors, occupational, psychosocial factors and ergonomic risk factors at workplace. Canteen staffs are considered to be at higher risk of having musculoskeletal disorders.
Objectives: To evaluate the prevalence of work related musculoskeletal disorders among the canteen staffs of Kathmandu University and to find association between risk factor and musculoskeletal disorders among the canteen staffs.
Methodology: We carried out a cross-sectional descriptive study interviewing 40 participants for filling the demographic data and the standardized Nordic questionnaires for assessing the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders among the canteen staffs of Kathmandu University. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 16.
Results: We found that out of 40 participants, 60% reported having at least one work related musculoskeletal symptoms in the past 12 month. Back pain (35%) was most commonly reported disorder followed by neck (27.5%) and ankle pain (27.5%).
Conclusion: Prevalence of work related musculoskeletal disorder among the canteen staffs of Kathmandu University was found to be high. So it is essential to take necessary steps to minimize musculoskeletal disorder and develop preventive strategies.
The Courtly Strategy of Speech Behavior of a Communicative Sadist
Authors: Taranenko Kseniia 
Published: April 2019

The article is devoted to the analysis of mechanisms of the courtly strategy of speech behavior as an expression of communicative sadism. The research was conducted in the context of psycholinguistics at the intersection of semantics, linguistic pragmatics and communicative linguistics. Considerable attention is paid to the essence, nature and characteristics of the phenomenon of communicative sadism, as well as the importance of studying this phenomenon as a variety of mental violence. A comparative analysis of foreign and domestic publications devoted to the study of aggression and violence in communication was carried out. The concepts of verbal aggression and communicative sadism were delimitated in detail and scientifically substantiated.
The phenomenon of communicative sadism is analyzed from the standpoint of destructive speech behavior, which is based on the three most common strategies of conflict behavior – invective, rational-heuristic, and courtly. A detailed study of the mechanisms of the courtly strategy of speech behavior by the semantic differential method has allowed opening the hidden semantics of the words of courtesy and etiquette formulas of the Ukrainian language. Cases of verbal abuse and humiliation of the interlocutor by the mechanisms of the courtly strategy of speech behavior are illustrated by examples of literary discourses and real-life dialogues. It is proved that etiquette formulas, words of courtesy, as well as lexemes with suffixes of diminution, caressing, which are affiliated with positive semantics in a linguistic system, are used within the framework of the courtly strategy of speech behavior with a provocative purpose to offend, humiliate or rebuke the opponent.
The conducted analysis allows expanding scientific knowledge about the range of receptions of a communicative sadist. In the conclusions the courtly mechanisms of the sadisti’s behavior in communication is clearly outlined. Among them is the tendency to indirect means of expressing disagreement (ignorance through silence), the disguise of the expression of negative emotions behind the etiquette speech formulas as well as the indirect confrontation by the means of emphasized politeness. Thus, in the work the main speech techniques of communicative sadistic mistreatment over the interlocutor are indicated, further research of which will allow to develop methods of counteracting violence in communication.
Eficacia del propofol-fentanilo comparada con propofol-ketamina en procedimientos dolorosos mayores en un Departamento de Emergencia Pediátrica
Authors: Morilla Laura , Pavlicich Viviana , Domínguez Patricia , Portillo Susan , Gauto Rodolfo , Watanabe Miki , Mesquita Mirta 
Published: April 2019

Objetivo: Comparar la eficacia de la combinación propofol - fentanilo (P / F) con propofol - ketamina (P / K) en procedimientos dolorosos mayores en un Departamento de Emergencias Pediátricas (DEP). Diseño: Ensayo aleatorizado, controlado, abierto, con cegamiento del evaluador.
Material y Métodos: Se incluyeron pacientes de 6 meses a 18 años, con una clasificación ASA menor o igual a 3, sometidos a sedación y analgesia para la realización de procedimientos dolorosos. Intervenciones: Los sujetos fueron asignados al azar para recibir propofol-fentanilo o propofol-ketamina. Se evaluaron las complicaciones. Las variables fueron: datos demográficos, tipos de procedimientos, tiempo hasta la adecuada sedación y analgesia, dosis adicionales requeridas, tiempo de recuperación y efectos adversos.
Resultados: Se analizaron sesenta procedimientos (30 por grupo). No hubo diferencias en la edad, el sexo, el tipo de procedimiento, la duración de la infusión y la duración del procedimiento o el tiempo de recuperación. El tiempo para lograr la sedación (minutos) fue mayor con P / F que con P / K: 2 (1-4 rango intercuartilo) vs. 1 (rango intercuartil a 1-1). El tiempo (minutos) para lograr una analgesia adecuada con P / F fue 2 (1-5 rango intercuartilo) vs. 1 (1-1 ,25 rango intercuartilo). p <0,001. El P / F requirió más dosis adicionales, 80% frente a 43%, p <0,004, y tuvo más efectos secundarios, 46, 6% (intervalo de confianza [IC] del 95%: 70% a 100%) versus 20% (95%). % CI-2% a 59%) p <0,024. La proporción de efectos adversos graves con P/F vs P/K fue: 6% (95% CI-1,8% a 2%) versus 0% (95% CI-0 a 0%) p 0.246.
Conclusiones: Concluimos que las combinaciones de Propofol / Fentanilo y Propofol/Ketamina, son eficaces en alcanzar la sedoanalgesia en procedimientos muy dolorosos y cortos. Presentando la primera combinación más efectos secundarios y requiriendo más tiempo y dosis adicionales para lograr los niveles deseados de sedoanalgesia.

Correspondencia: Laura Morilla Correo: morillaslp@gmail.com
Conflicto de intereses: Los autores declaran no poseer conflictos de interés
Recibido: 25/01/2019 Aceptado: 15/04/2019
EVALUASI STRUKTUR BALOK LANTAI 2 PADA PROYEK PEMBANGUNAN GEDUNG RUMAH SAKIT UMUM DAERAH (RSUD) dr. RASHIDIN PADANG PROVINSI SUMATERA BARAT
Authors: A Arman. , Jasman Rendi Mai 
Published: April 2019

Beton merupakan salah satu pilihan sebagai bahan struktur dalam kontruksi bangunan. Inovasi teknologi beton selalu dituntut guna menjawab tantangan akan kebutuhan, beton yang dihasilkan diharapkan mempunyai kwalitas tinggi meliputi kekuatan dalam daya tahan tanpa mengabaikan nilai ekonomis. Peraturan mengenai standar spesifikasi agregat di indonesia mengalami perubahan seiring dikeluarkannya SNI 7656-2012 dan ASTM C 136-06 yang mengenai persyaratan Spesifikasi agregat untuk perencanaan beton. Salah satu hal baru yang tercantum dalam SNI 7656-2012 adalah dalam hal penentuan gradasi saringan di tetapkan dalam zona-zona yang telah di tentukan, hal ini sedikit berbeda dari peraturan ASTM C 136-06 yang menyatakan bahwa spesifiksi gradasi telah di tentukan.Penelitian ini bersifat eksperiment yang dilaksanakan dilaboratorium teknik sipil Institut Teknologi Padang (ITP).Objek pada penelitian ini adalah beton dengan mutu sedang yang menggunakan bahan Standar SNI 7656-2012 dan ASTM C 136-06. Pembuatan benda uji yang digunakan berbentuk kubus berukuran lebar 15 mm x tinggi 15 mm x Panjang 15 mm. Sebanyak (3) sampel tiap variasi campuran yang berbeda dengan umur beton 7,14,dan 28 hari. Rata - rata nilai pengujian kuat tekan beton kubus umur 7 hari degan suhu air 25 °C proses pengerjaan pada pagi hari Standar SNI 7656-2012 sebesar 171,55Kg/m² dan Standar ASTM C 136-06 sebesar 166,72 Kg/m² dengan persen perbandingan kuat tekan sebesar 3%. Sementara pada benda uji kubus umur 14 hari dengan suhu air 28°C proses pengerjaan pada siang hari Standar SNI 7656-2012 sebesar 222,30 Kg/m² dan Standar ASTM C 136-06 sebesar 210,22 Kg/m² dengan persen perbandingan kuat tekan sebesar 5%. Setelah dilakukan pembuatan benda uji dengan suhu air 25 °C langsung perawaatan benda uji, kubus umur 28 hari mengalami peningkatan kuat tekan beton peroleh nilai Standar SNI 7656-2012 sebesar 267,60 Kg/m² dan Standar ASTM C 136-06 sebesar 264,58 Kg/m² dengan persen perbandingan kuat tekan sebesar 1%. Berdasarkananalisisdanpembahasandapatdisimpulkanbahwa Job Mix Designbetonmetode ASTM C 136-06 menghasilkanproporsicampuranbahanyang relativelebihefisiendibandingkanmetode SNI 7656-2012.Artinyabahwasecarateoritis Job Mix Design beton fc' 20.75Mpa metode ASTM C 136-06 lebihekonomisdarisegipenggunaanbahandarimetode SNI 7656-2012.
FORMAÇÃO DOCENTE NO BRASIL – ANALISANDO OS CONTEXTOS SOCIAL E LEGISLATIVO ATRAVÉS DE CINCO DÉCADAS
Authors: Godinho Janaína Dias , Farias Maria Eloisa 
Published: April 2019

O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar de forma comparativa a evolução histórica das Leis Federais de incentivo e valorização da Formação docente, com os contextos social e econômico do Brasil através de cinco décadas. A análise se estruturou com basena linha de tempo a partir da década de 1960 até o ano de 2016, contrastando aspectos sociopolíticos e econômicos do País com a promulgação das leis educacionais, buscando estabelecer desta forma, uma relação entre estes cenários. Ao total oram elencadas 14 leis de âmbito federal que incidem sobre diretrizes de formação inicial e continuada de professores. Foi possívelperceber que as demandas econômicas e sociais influenciam e refletem no processo de elaboração e aprimoramento da legislação educacional e docente, indicando a relevância para a compreensão do cenário social e econômico para auxiliar na interpretação das necessidades indicativas para o legislativo, podendo indicar objetividade para perspectivas futuras. Apesar da constatação do aumento da legislação destinada à formação docente a partir da década de 2000, frente ao cenário atual de incertezas e indefinições políticas, é fundamental manter o debate da questão profissional docente, como condições de trabalho, planos de carreira e por conseguinte Formação Continuada de professores, para que não haja retrocessos nas conquistas, nem esquecimento das reivindicações ainda a serem alcançadas.
Üstün Yetenekli Öğrenciler ile Normal Gelişim Gösteren Öğrencilerin Fen Öz-Yeterliklerinin Sınıf Düzeyine Göre İncelenmesi
Authors: SARAÇOĞLU Sibel , ŞENGÜL YILDIRIM Kübra , BEKTAŞ Oktay 
Published: April 2019

Araştırmada normal gelişim gösteren ve üstün yetenekli ortaokul
öğrencilerinin fen özyeterliklerine sınıf düzeyinin etkisi incelenmiştir.
Çalışmaya normal gelişim gösteren 443 (111 beşinci sınıf, 112 altıncı sınıf,
112 yedinci sınıf, 108 sekizinci sınıf)
ve üstün yetenekli 191 (49 beşinci sınıf, 30 altıncı sınıf, 68 yedinci
sınıf, 44 sekizinci sınıf) öğrenci olmak üzere toplam 634 öğrenci katılmıştır.
Veri toplama aracı olarak Fen Bilimleri Özyeterlik Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Sınıf
düzeyinin üstün yetenekli ve diğer ortaokul öğrencilerinin fen bilimleri
özyerlikleri üzerindeki etkisinin incelenmesi için Tek Yönlü Varyans Analizi
(ANOVA) ve Tukey testi kullanılmıştır. Analizler sonucunda normal gelişim
gösteren ortaokul öğrencilerinin fen özyeterliklerinin sınıf düzeyi ile
farklılaştığı (F(3-439)=23.1, p&lt;.05), beşinci sınıf
öğrencilerinin özyeterliklerinin altı, yedi ve sekizinci sınıf öğrencilerine
göre, altıncı sınıf öğrencilerinin özyeterliklerinin yedi ve sekizinci sınıf
öğrencilerine göre anlamlı düzeyde daha yüksek olduğu bulunmuştur. Yedinci ve
sekizinci sınıf öğrencilerinin özyeterlikleri arasındaki fark anlamlı değildir.
Yapılan araştırmada normal gelişim gösteren öğrenciler açısından sınıf
düzeyinin öğrencilerin fen bilimleri özyeterlikleri üzerinde anlamlı düzeyde
etkisi olduğu belirlenmiştir (ƞ2=0.14).
Üstün yetenekli öğrencilerde ise sınıf düzeyi ile fen bilimleri
özyeterlikleri arasındaki farklılaşma
sadece altıncı ve yedinci sınıflar arasında anlamlı olup altıncı sınıf
lehinedir. Diğer grupların özyeterlikleri arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı
bir farklılık bulunmamıştır (F(3-187)=2.57, p&gt;.05). Ayrıca üstün
yetenekli öğrenciler açısından sınıf düzeyi öğrencilerin özyeterlikleri
üzerinde düşük etki büyüklüğüne sahiptir (ƞ2=0.04). Bu sonuçlar normal gelişim gösteren
öğrencilerde sınıf düzeyi arttıkça öğrencilerin özyeterliklerinde bir düşüş olduğunu,
üstün yetenekli öğrencilerde ise altıncı sınıflar hariç olmak üzere
özyeterliklerinin sınıf düzeyi ile anlamlı düzeyde değişmediğini
göstermektedir.
Association of GP wellbeing and burnout with patient safety in UK primary care: a cross-sectional survey
Authors: Hall Louise H , Johnson Judith , Watt Ian , O’Connor Daryl B 
Published: April 2019

BackgroundGPs have particularly high levels of burnout and poor wellbeing. Although both are associated with poorer safety outcomes within secondary care, there have been no quantitative studies investigating this within primary care. Furthermore, little is known about how occupational demands, burnout and wellbeing, and patient safety are all associated.AimTo investigate whether occupational variables (demands and support) are associated with patient safety outcomes in general practice through their influence on GP burnout and wellbeing.Design and settingCross-sectional survey in the UK between March 2016 and August 2017.MethodA total of 232 practising GPs completed an online or paper survey measuring burnout, wellbeing, occupational demands and support, and patient safety.ResultsIn all, 93.8% of GPs were classed as likely to be suffering from a minor psychiatric disorder, 94.7% as suffering from mild (22.0%) or severe (72.7%) exhaustion, and 86.8% as having mild (37.9%) or severe (48.9%) disengagement. Structural equation modelling (SEM) analyses showed that spending a higher number of hours on administrative tasks and on call, and feeling less supported in their practice, was associated with lower wellbeing, which in turn was associated with a higher likelihood of having reported a near miss in the previous 3 months. A higher number of hours spent on administrative tasks, a higher number of patients seen per day, and feeling less supported were associated with higher burnout levels, which in turn was associated with worse perceptions of safety.ConclusionTo improve patient safety within general practice changes could be made at both practice and individual levels to promote a healthier work environment for staff and patients.
The Local Perspective on the Hubble Tension: Local Structure Does Not Impact Measurement of the Hubble Constant
Authors: Kenworthy W. D’Arcy , Scolnic Dan , Riess Adam 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
We use the largest sample to date of spectroscopic supernova (SN) Ia distances and redshifts to look for evidence in the Hubble diagram of large-scale outflows caused by local voids suggested to exist at z < 0.15. Our sample combines data from the Pantheon sample with the Foundation survey, and the most recent release of light curves from the Carnegie Supernova Project, to create a sample of 1295 SNe over a redshift range of 0.01 < z < 2.26. We make use of an inhomogeneous and isotropic Lemaitre–Tolman–Bondi metric to model a void in the SN Ia distance–redshift relation. We conclude that the SN luminosity distance–redshift relation is inconsistent at the 4–5σ confidence level with large local underdensities (

, where the density contrast δ = Δρ/ρ) proposed in some galaxy count studies, and find no evidence of a change in the Hubble constant corresponding to a void with a sharp edge in the redshift range 0.023 < z < 0.15. With an empirical precision of

, we conclude that the distance ladder measurement is not affected by local density contrasts, in agreement with a cosmic variance of

, predicted from simulations of large-scale structure. Given that uncertainty in the distance ladder value is

, this does not affect the Hubble tension. We derive a 5σ constraint on local density contrasts on scales larger than

of

. The presence of local structure does not appear to impede the possibility of measuring the Hubble constant to 1% precision.
NLTE Analysis of Copper Abundances in the Galactic Bulge Stars
Authors: Xu X. D. , Shi J. R. , Yan H. L. 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Based on the medium-high resolution (R ∼ 20,000), modest signal-to-noise ratio (S/N ≳ 70) FLAMES-GIRAFFE spectra, we investigated the copper abundances of 129 red giant branch stars in the Galactic bulge with [Fe/H] from −1.14 to 0.46 dex. The copper abundances are derived from both local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) and nonlocal thermodynamic equilibrium (NLTE) with the spectral synthesis method. We find that the NLTE effects for Cu i lines show a clear dependence on metallicity, and they gradually increase with decreasing [Fe/H] for our sample stars. Our results indicate that the NLTE effects of copper are important not only for metal-poor stars but also for supersolar metal-rich ones and the LTE results underestimate the Cu abundances. We note that the [Cu/Fe] trend of the bulge stars is similar to that of the Galactic disk stars spanning the metallicity range of −1.14 < [Fe/H] < 0.0 dex, and the [Cu/Fe] ratios increase with increasing metallicity when [Fe/H] is from ∼−1.2 to ∼−0.5 dex, favoring a secondary (metallicity-dependent) production of Cu.
The Wave Nature of Continuous Gravitational Waves from Microlensing
Authors: Liao Kai , Biesiada Marek , Fan Xi-Long 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Gravitational wave predicted by general relativity is the transverse wave of spatial strain. Several gravitational waveform signals from binary black holes and from a binary neutron star system accompanied by electromagnetic counterparts have been recorded by the advanced Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) and the advanced Virgo. In analogy to light, the spatial fringes of diffraction and interference should also exist as the important features of gravitational waves (GWs). We propose that observational detection of such fringes could be achieved through gravitational lensing of continuous GWs. The lenses would play the role of the diffraction barriers. Considering peculiar motions of the observer, the lens, and the source, the spatial amplitude variation of diffraction or interference fringes should be detectable as an amplitude modulation of a monochromatic gravitational signal.
Line Profiles of the Calcium I Resonance Line in Cool Metal-polluted White Dwarfs
Authors: Blouin S. , Allard N. F. , Leininger T. , Gadéa F. X. , Dufour P. 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Metal-polluted white dwarfs (DZ stars) are characterized by a helium-rich atmosphere contaminated by heavy elements traces originating from accreted rocky planetesimals. As a detailed spectroscopic analysis of those objects can reveal the composition of the accreted debris, there is a great interest in developing accurate DZ atmosphere models. However, the coolest DZ white dwarfs are challenging to model due to the fluidlike density of their atmospheres. Under such extreme conditions, spectral absorption lines are heavily broadened by interactions with neutral helium, and it is no longer justified to use the conventional Lorentzian profiles. In this work, we determine the theoretical profiles of the Ca i resonance line (the most prominent spectral line for the coolest DZ white dwarfs) in the dense atmospheres of cool DZ white dwarfs. To do so, we use a unified theory of collisional line profiles and accurate ab initio potential energies and transition dipole moments for the CaHe molecule. We present the resulting profiles for the full range of temperatures and helium densities relevant for the modeling of cool, metal-polluted white dwarfs (from 3000 to 6000 K and from 1021 to 1023 cm−3). We also implement these new profiles in our atmosphere models and show that they lead to improved fits to the Ca i resonance line of the coolest DZ white dwarfs.
Determining Integrity in 5,000 Feet of Water Following a Major Incident
Authors: Wisch David 
Published: April 2019

Prior to the completion of installation of the Big Foot TLP, 9 of 16 pre-installed tendons fell to the seafloor. Seven of the tendon assemblies were reverse installed. Nine of the tendons lay on the seafloor with the lower connector assemblies remaining within the piles and receptacle device. A critical go forward decision was determination of reusability of the pile/receiver assemblies. The pile/receiver assemblies were located in over 5,000 feet of water. Novel technology application and deployment was needed to clear the site, inspect remaining components, determine integrity and adequacy. The decision was time bound as go-forward decisions relied on the outcome of the study.
This paper outlines the fallen condition, development of criteria to assure adequacy, identification of technologies sufficient to determine adequacy, interpretation of the data, engineering assessment and final decisions. Initial clearing of site included removal of lower tendon sections and connectors without incurring damage to the pile assembly was required. Marinizing inspection tools, templates, etc. for both accuracy and repeatability was required. The novel and successful execution starting with "as is" condition through design, deployment and results will be highlighted. One key element was mapping the after-incident conditions to the design tolerances.
Developing tools and operating procedures to assure measuring tolerances and repeatability required new methods and procedures that proved successful. For a first of kind and unique challenge, the importance of starting with first principles and initial acceptance criteria, identifying technologies and tools available to match, followed by selection of most likely to succeed in extending existing tools for success is illustrated.