bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultrasound‐assisted extraction of sulfated polysaccharide from Nizamuddinia zanardinii: Process optimization, structural characterization, and biological properties
Authors: Alboofetileh Mehdi , Rezaei Masoud , Tabarsa Mehdi , You SangGuan 
Published: December 2018

AbstractSingle‐factor experiment and Box‐Behnken design were used to evaluate and optimize the effect of extraction time (40, 50, and 60 min), ultrasonic power (100, 150, and 200 W), water‐solid ratio (60, 70, and 80 mL/g), and extraction temperature (70, 80, and 90 °C) on the recovery of fucoidan from Nizamuddinia zanardinii by ultrasound‐assisted extraction method (UAE). The optimal extraction conditions were as follows: extraction time of 58 min, ultrasonic power of 196 W, water‐to‐raw‐material ratio of 80 mL/g, and extraction temperature of 70 °C. Under these conditions, the polysaccharide yield was 3.51%. Extracted fucoidan was composed of fucose (32.33%), galactose (29.95%), mannose (27.97%), xylose (6.56%), and glucose (3.19%). The UAE‐extracted fucoidan had appreciable DPPH radical scavenging and reducing power. The fucoidan exhibited notable cell growth inhibition against HeLa (62.36%) and HepG2 (56.83%) cancer cell lines, and induced RAW264.7 murine macrophage cells to release considerable amount of nitric oxide (41 μmol).Practical applicationsSeaweeds are rich sources of diverse bioactive compounds with valuable nutraceutical, pharmaceutical and cosmeceutical potentials. Nizamuddinia zanardinii is a marine brown seaweed and belong to Sargassaceae family. Iranian South Coasts have abundant supply of N. zanardinii which has a great potential for mariculture and can be utilized as a source of natural compounds. Fucoidan, which is a sulfated polysaccharide found in brown seaweeds, have shown promising health benefits for humans. In this study, the effects of extraction time, ultrasonic power, water–solid ratio, and extraction temperature were investigated on yield, structural, molecular, and biological properties of ultrasound extracted fucoidan. This study provides a practical and effective instruction into the application of ultrasound in the extraction of fucoidan. Additionally, the ultrasound extracted fucoidan exhibited appreciable antioxidant, anticancer, and macrophage‐stimulating capacity indicating its potential value for health and food industry.
A novel primer targeted gyrB gene for the identification of Cronobacter sakazakii in powdered infant formulas (PIF) and baby foods in Iran
Authors: Mashoufi Afsaneh , Ghazvini Kiarash , Hashemi Mohammad , Mobarhan Majid Ghayour , Vakili Vida , Afshari Asma 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe aim of this study was to perform a molecular identification and design a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method based on a specific gene (gyrase subunit B [gyrB]) for rapid detection of Cronobacter sakazakii. In this study, from February 2017 to January 2018, 100 powdered infant formula milks (PIF1‐6) and 100 baby food items (BF1‐8) (total number = 200 samples) were purchased from different commercial brands from different pharmacies of the Mashhad city, Iran from different pharmacies of the Mashhad city, Iran.After isolation of Cronobacter, DNA extraction and PCR assay were performed to detect and confirm genus and species of isolated bacteria with 16S ribosomal RNA (16S rRNA) and designed gyrB primers, respectively. The abundance of C. sakazakii in PIFs and baby foods by culture method were 5/100 (5%) and 8/100 (8%), respectively; also, the final analysis based on gyrB primer pairs in PIF and baby food showed contamination rates of 0/100 (0%) and 3/100 (3%), respectively. These findings indicated that Iranian baby foods were a real threat for children's health. It is also recommended that this designed primer could be used for detection of Cronobacter sakazakii in these products.Practical applicationCronobacter sakazakii is an opportunistic bacteria that is known worldwide as a foodborne pathogen especially in Infant Formula and baby foods, therefore the quality of these products has to be evaluated by a rapid, sensitive and specific method. Our findings indicated that Iranian baby foods were a threat for children's health so implementation of adequate sanitary measures to prevent Cronobacter sakazakii illness is necessary. It was also recommended that the designed primer based on gyr B gene could be used for specific detection of Cronobacter sakazakii in these products.
Effects of Mind‐Body Exercises on Cognitive Function in Older Adults: A Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Wu Chunxiao , Yi Qu , Zheng Xiaoyan , Cui Shaoyang , Chen Bin , Lu Liming , Tang Chunzhi 
Published: December 2018

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVESMind‐body exercise has positive effects on cognitive performance, according to clinical observation and experts’ recommendations. However, its potential benefits for the cognitive function of aging adults are uncertain and still lack systematic estimations. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review and meta‐analysis to evaluate the overall efficacy and effectiveness of mind‐body exercises for cognitive performance in aging individuals with or without cognitive impairment.DESIGNA systematic review and meta‐analysis.SETTING AND PARTICIPANTSWe searched related trials through June 2018 from four databases: Medline, Embase, PsycINFO (all via Ovid), and the Cochrane Library/Central Register of Controlled Trials.MEASUREMENTSMethodological quality was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool. A meta‐analysis of comparative effects was performed using Review Manager v.5.3 software, and publication bias was examined using Egger's test.RESULTSA total of 32 randomized controlled trials with 3624 participants were ultimately included in this meta‐analysis. The results revealed that mind‐body exercises as a whole had benefits in improving global cognition compared with that of the control group (mean difference [MD] = 0.92; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.33‐1.51; p = .002) and were more effective than control interventions in promoting cognitive flexibility (MD = −8.80; 95% CI = −15.22 to −2.38; p = .007), working memory (MD = 0.32; 95% CI = 0.01‐0.64; p = .05), verbal fluency (standardized mean difference [SMD] = 0.27; 95% CI = 0.09‐0.45; p = .003), and learning (SMD = 0.24; 95% CI = 0.10‐0.39; p = .001) on cognitively intact or impaired older adults. In dose‐subgroup analysis, only moderate exercise intensity (60‐120 min per week) significantly increased global cognition scores compared with those of the control group (MD = 1.15; 95% CI = 0.34‐1.97; p = .006).CONCLUSIONMind‐body exercises, especially tai chi and dance mind‐body exercise, are beneficial for improving global cognition, cognitive flexibility, working memory, verbal fluency, and learning in cognitively intact or impaired older adults. Moderate intensity is recommended as the optimal dose for older adults. J Am Geriatr Soc 67:749–758, 2019.
A novel crosslinking protocol stabilizes amyloid β oligomers capable of inducing Alzheimer's‐associated pathologies
Authors: Cline Erika N. , Das Arighno , Bicca Maíra Assunção , Mohammad Saad N. , Schachner Luis F. , Kamel Josette M. , DiNunno Nadia , Weng Anthea , Paschall Jacob D. , Bu Riana Lo , Khan Faraz M. , Rollins Madeline G. , Ives Ashley N. , Shekhawat Gajendra , Nunes‐Tavares Nilson , de Mello Fernando G. , Compton Philip D. , Kelleher Neil L. , Klein William L. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAmyloid β oligomers (AβOs) accumulate early in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and experimentally cause memory dysfunction and the major pathologies associated with AD, for example, tau abnormalities, synapse loss, oxidative damage, and cognitive dysfunction. In order to develop the most effective AβO‐targeting diagnostics and therapeutics, the AβO structures contributing to AD‐associated toxicity must be elucidated. Here, we investigate the structural properties and pathogenic relevance of AβOs stabilized by the bifunctional crosslinker 1,5‐difluoro‐2,4‐dinitrobenzene (DFDNB). We find that DFDNB stabilizes synthetic Aβ in a soluble oligomeric conformation. With DFDNB, solutions of Aβ that would otherwise convert to large aggregates instead yield solutions of stable AβOs, predominantly in the 50–300 kDa range, that are maintained for at least 12 days at 37°C. Structures were determined by biochemical and native top–down mass spectrometry analyses. Assayed in neuronal cultures and i.c.v.‐injected mice, the DFDNB‐stabilized AβOs were found to induce tau hyperphosphorylation, inhibit choline acetyltransferase, and provoke neuroinflammation. Most interestingly, DFDNB crosslinking was found to stabilize an AβO conformation particularly potent in inducing memory dysfunction in mice. Taken together, these data support the utility of DFDNB crosslinking as a tool for stabilizing pathogenic AβOs in structure‐function studies.
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Overview of high‐risk Food and Drug Administration recalls for cosmetics and personal care products from 2002 to 2016
Authors: Janetos Timothy M. , Akintilo Lisa , Xu Shuai 
Published: December 2018

SummaryBackgroundThere have been several recent controversies surrounding cosmetic products that have impacted health. Dermatologists are often the first to encounter these issues, and recalls are one metric of a safety profile of cosmetics and their impact on health.ObjectiveTo analyze all recalls of cosmetic and personal care products from 2002 to 2016.MethodsThis observational study describes all FDA cosmetic and personal care product recalls, acquired via a Freedom of Information Act request, from 2002 to 2016. The total number of Class I, Class II, and Class III recalls, number and origin of manufacturers, number of products affected, and main reason for recall were collected.ResultsA total of 14 Class I, 266 Class II, and 33 Class III recalls were recorded. Baby products comprised the largest product category accounting for 24% of all recalls (76/313). 76% of recalls were due to bacterial contamination (237/313), followed by unapproved components, labeling issues, and skin irritation. The 14 Class I recalls accounted for 1.9 million products in distribution.ConclusionsCosmetic recalls impacted millions of products and had the potential to cause serious harm. Dermatologists have the ability to strengthen public safety by reporting adverse events, encouraging recalls of harmful products, and lobbying through dermatology organizations for meaningful change to current cosmetic regulation.
Robust Measures of Earnings Surprises
Authors: CHIANG CHIN‐HAN , DAI WEI , FAN JIANQING , HONG HARRISON , TU JUN 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACTEvent studies of market efficiency measure earnings surprises using the consensus error (CE), given as actual earnings minus the average professional forecast. If a subset of forecasts can be biased, the ideal but difficult to estimate parameter‐dependent alternative to CE is a nonlinear filter of individual errors that adjusts for bias. We show that CE is a poor parameter‐free approximation of this ideal measure. The fraction of misses on the same side (FOM), which discards the magnitude of misses, offers a far better approximation. FOM performs particularly well against CE in predicting the returns of U.S. stocks, where bias is potentially large.
Retrospective analysis for predictors of parametrial involvement in IB cervical cancer
Authors: Kubota Satoshi , Kobayashi Eiji , Kakuda Mamoru , Matsuzaki Shinya , Ueda Yutaka , Yoshino Kiyoshi , Kimura Tadashi 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAimThe use of less radical surgery for early stage cervical cancer has often been discussed. To better determine eligible candidates for less radical surgery, we investigated the risk factors for parametrial involvement (PI).MethodsThe study included 193 patients with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage IB cervical cancer who were treated with radical hysterectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy between 2008 and 2014. The patients were divided into two groups according to whether or not the parametrium was involved pathologically. The two groups were compared with regards to clinical and histopathological variables.ResultsUnivariate analysis showed that International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage, clinical tumor size, depth of stromal invasion, lymphovascular space invasion and pelvic lymph node metastasis were significantly associated with PI (P < 0.05 each). Multivariate analysis showed pelvic lymph node metastasis was an independent risk factor for PI (odds ratio, 10.70; [95% confidence interval, 3.02–48.08]; P = 0.0006). All patients with clinical tumor size less than or equal to 2 cm and negative for pelvic lymph node metastasis had no PI.ConclusionCervical cancer with the tumor less than or equal to 2 cm and negative for pelvic lymph node metastasis seldom has PI. These patients are good candidates for less radical surgery.
Person or Job? Change in Person‐Job Fit and Its Impact on Employee Work Attitudes over Time
Authors: Kim Tae‐Yeol , Schuh Sebastian C. , Cai Yahua 
Published: December 2018

AbstractFit is generally conceptualized as a dynamic construct, but most research on person‐environment fit has focused on fit in the current moment. We addressed this oversight by examining the dynamic relationships among person‐job (PJ) fit, demand‐ability (DA) fit, need‐supply (NS) fit, and employee work attitudes over time using a three‐wave survey design over a 12‐month period. Results from 168 employees revealed that change in PJ fit was significantly related to changes in job satisfaction and affective organizational commitment. In addition, DA and NS fit changes were significantly and indirectly associated with job satisfaction and commitment changes through PJ fit change. We also found that increases in job demands and employee abilities significantly decreased DA fit, and increases in employee needs significantly decreased NS fit whereas increases in job supplies significantly increased NS fit. Finally, we examined age as an important moderator for employees’ reactions to PJ fit changes, and found that younger employees reacted more strongly to increases/decreases in PJ fit than did older employees.
Changes in the Provision of Day Services in Ireland to Adult Persons With Intellectual Disability
Authors: McConkey Roy , Kelly Fionnola , Craig Sarah , Keogh Fiona 
Published: December 2018

AbstractInternationally, changes are advocated in the support available to persons with intellectual disability. Socially inclusive personalized arrangements are intended to replace congregated and segregated day services. The study examines the changes in the provision of day services within Ireland over a 5‐year period when new policies were being promoted but at time of economic stringencies. Secondary analysis was carried out on data extracted from the National Intellectual Disability Database on all persons aged 18 years and above in 2009 and 2014 who received day services, which were grouped into four main types: care centers, sheltered workshops, employment schemes, and vocational training. Participants in each type of service were profiled by age, level of disability, and living arrangements. Variations in the provision of these services across nine regions were also examined. In 2009, 59% of persons attended care centers, but the proportion had increased in 2014 to 69%. There were reductions in the numbers attending sheltered workshops (down from 23 to 16%) and those receiving employment supports (down from 13 to 11%). By 2014, variations in the numbers attending care centers were evident across the country. The increase in care provision does not accord with national or international policies. Rather, it may reflect ineffective policy implementation strategies and financial cutbacks which services experienced during this period. This study illustrates the value of a national dataset for monitoring policy implementation.
Transitions in the Lives of Older Adults With Intellectual Disabilities: “Having a Sense of Dignity and Independence”
Authors: Strnadová Iva 
Published: December 2018

AbstractOlder people with intellectual disabilities (ID) experience numerous transitions in their lives, which include transitions between jobs, places of residence, relationship transitions, and transitions to retirement. Ensuring quality planning for the future is important so that older people with ID can live good lives. Thus, the aim of this study was to explore planning for the future and transitions experienced by older people with ID. The author conducted semi‐structured in‐depth interviews with 17 people with ID aged 40 years and more. The interviews were analyzed using inductive content analysis. The three main themes were types of transitions, planning for future, and barriers to planning for future. The implications for research and practice are discussed, with a focus on enhancing independence and choice‐making.
Factors associated with disease progression in dogs with presumed preclinical degenerative mitral valve disease attending primary care veterinary practices in the United Kingdom
Authors: Mattin Madeleine J. , Brodbelt David C. , Church David B. , Boswood Adrian 
Published: December 2018

BackgroundFactors associated with disease progression in dogs with preclinical (stage B) degenerative mitral valve disease (DMVD) have not been evaluated previously in primary care veterinary practice.ObjectivesTo evaluate whether plasma cardiac biomarkers, clinical signs, and physical examination findings are associated with clinical progression (reaching the composite endpoint of initiation of treatment with a potent diuretic or cardiac death) in dogs presumed to have stage B DMVD.AnimalsSix‐hundred and eighty‐four dogs diagnosed with DMVD recruited from 73 primary care practices in the United Kingdom. Dogs were not receiving potent diuretics at recruitment.MethodsProspective cohort study design. Primary care veterinarians recorded the presence or absence of clinical signs and physical examination findings. Baseline plasma N‐terminal pro B‐type natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP) and cardiac troponin I were measured. Cox regression models measured associations between risk factor variables and clinical progression. Flexible parametric models generated predicted probabilities of reaching the composite endpoint for dogs with different combinations of prognostic risk factor variables.ResultsPlasma NT‐proBNP, heart rate, heart murmur intensity, presence of a cough, being a Cavalier King Charles Spaniel, and being prescribed pimobendan were associated with clinical progression to initiation of treatment with a potent diuretic or cardiac‐related death.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceDogs with stage B DMVD identified as having a high risk of disease progression might benefit from more frequent monitoring or further diagnostic evaluation. The prognostic factors identified could facilitate risk stratification of dogs presenting with preclinical DMVD.
Evaluation of hepatic tumor portal perfusion using mesenteric angiography: A pilot study in 5 dogs
Authors: Goode Kelsey , Weisse Chick , Berent Allyson , Lamb Ken 
Published: December 2018

BackgroundMesenteric angiography is a sensitive method for visualizing portal perfusion in the dog.ObjectivesTo evaluate hepatic portal perfusion in dogs with incompletely resectable hepatic tumors using mesenteric angiography.AnimalsFive client‐owned dogs with incompletely resectable hepatic tumors evaluated with mesenteric angiography.MethodsRetrospective case series. Electronic medical records at the Animal Medical Center were analyzed to identify dogs that underwent mesenteric portography to determine blood flow to nonresectable hepatic tumors and subsequently determine ideal routes for transarterial embolization, vascular stent placement, or both. The images obtained from mesenteric angiography were analyzed and compared to those obtained from computed tomography angiography.ResultsPortography was accomplished using direct mesenteric venography in 3 dogs with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), cranial mesenteric arteriography in 1 dog with hepatic adenoma or well‐differentiated HCC, and via splenic arteriovenous fistula in 1 dog with diffuse hepatic hemangiosarcoma metastases. Mean pixel densities in areas of hepatic tumor growth identified statistically significant decreases in portal blood flow (P = .02) compared to normal hepatic parenchyma.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceInitial findings indicate that the blood supply to large and metastatic hepatic tumors in dogs may correlate with that in humans, such that the majority of the tumor blood supply arises from the hepatic artery and not the portal vein. Differences in blood supply between normal hepatic parenchyma and hepatic tumors might be exploited by developing selective tumor therapies such as arterial embolization or chemoembolization that largely spare normal liver tissue. Further investigation is warranted.
Point‐of‐care diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis in non‐neutropenic patients: Aspergillus Galactomannan Lateral Flow Assay versus Aspergillus‐specific Lateral Flow Device test in bronchoalveolar lavage
Authors: Jenks Jeffrey D. , Mehta Sanjay R. , Taplitz Randy , Aslam Saima , Reed Sharon L. , Hoenigl Martin 
Published: December 2018

SummaryBackgroundWe compared new Aspergillus Galactomannan Lateral Flow Assay with the newly formatted Aspergillus‐specific Lateral Flow device tests for the diagnosis of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) in non‐neutropenic patients.MethodsWe performed both tests in 82 bronchoalveolar lavage fluid samples from 82 patients at risk for IPA but without underlying haematologic malignancy. Samples were collected between September 2016 and September 2018 at the University of California San Diego, United States. IPA was classified following two published consensus criteria.ResultsClassification of cases varied widely between the two consensus criteria. When using criteria established for the intensive care unit, 26/82 patients (32%) met criteria for proven or putative IPA. Both point‐of‐care assays showed sensitivities ranging between 58% and 69%, with specificities between 68% and 75%. Sensitivity increased up to 81% when both tests were combined.ConclusionThe study outlines the need for updated, unified and more broadly applicable consensus definitions for classifying IPA in non‐neutropenic patients, a work that is currently in progress. Both point‐of‐care tests showed comparable performance, with sensitivities and specificities in the 60%‐70% range when used alone and increasing to 80% when used in combination. The new point‐of‐care tests may serve a role at the bedside in those with clinical suspicion of IPA.