bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MgCl2‐supported Ziegler‐Natta catalysts: A DFT‐D ‘flexible‐cluster’ approach. TiCl4 and probe donor adducts
Authors: Breuza Emanuele , Antinucci Giuseppe , Budzelaar Peter H. M , Busico Vincenzo , Correa Andrea , Ehm Christian 
Published: September 2018

AbstractIn this paper we introduce a DFT‐D ‘flexible‐cluster’ approach to the computational modeling of MgCl2‐supported Ziegler‐Natta catalysts. The adsorption of TiCl4 and probe donor molecules on plain and defective lateral terminations of monolayered MgCl2 clusters was studied allowing for full structure relaxation by means of modern DFT methods including dispersion corrections. The approach offers a good compromise between speed and accuracy, and has great potential for realistic simulations of the catalytic species in industrially relevant formulations. In particular, compared with periodic DFT‐D descriptions, it is better able to capture the features of real nano‐sized and highly disordered primary catalyst particles with complex adsorbate compositions.
Semiglobal consensus of heterogeneous multiagent systems with input saturations
Authors: Lim Young‐Hun , Ahn Hyo‐Sung 
Published: September 2018

SummaryThis paper studies the semiglobal leaderless state consensus problem for heterogeneous multiagent systems with input saturations. Utilizing the low gain approach, we propose the consensus algorithms that consist of reference generator and regulator. We construct the reference generators using both the relative states of reference generators and agents. Moreover, we apply the anti‐windup technique to generate bounded common trajectory of reference generators such that the regulators under input saturations can track the reference trajectory. Then, we prove the existence of consensus algorithms to achieve the semiglobal consensus. Finally, numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the theoretical results.
Teaching practices linked to the implementation of inquiry‐based practical work in certain science classrooms
Authors: Akuma Fru Vitalis , Callaghan Ronel 
Published: September 2018

AbstractAround the world, there have been curricula reforms involving the incorporation of the inquiry‐based teaching and learning strategy in secondary school science education in general and in practical work in particular. Research in inquiry‐based practical work (IBPW) has focused, for example, on aspects of the strategy itself, on teacher professional development, and on classroom teaching and learning based on the strategy. However, the question of the extent to which teaching practices linked to the implementation of practical work are actually inquiry‐based, was still to be answered. To draw on the answer to this question to inform professional development practice and research, we focused on the case of physical sciences classrooms in two resource‐constrained South African schools. In this regard, we used a conceptual framework based on the Interconnected Model of Teachers' Professional Growth and including a framework of teaching practices. In the data collection, we used a multimethod case study approach and to analyze the data, we combined the inductive and deductive approaches in thematic analysis. The results show that in the initiation, planning, and classroom implementation phases of practical work, many of the teaching practices of participants were inconsistent with inquiry‐based teaching and learning, although some other practices were consistent with this type of teaching and learning. At the same time, some of the consistent practices were at a rather low level of implementation. We have discussed the theory‐, practice‐, and research‐based implications of these results, in relation to the implementation of IBPW in resource‐constrained physical sciences classrooms in South Africa and internationally.
Effect of Spectral Power Distribution on the Resolution Enhancement in Surface Plasmon Resonance
Authors: Zhou Cuixia , Xia Guo , Wang Guodong , Jin Shiqun 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
For wavelength interrogation based surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensors, refractive index (RI) resolution is an important parameter to evaluate the performance of the system. In this paper, we explore the influence of spectral power distribution on the refractive index (RI) resolution of the SPR system by simulating the reflectivity curve corresponding to the different incident angles of the classical Kretschmann structure and several different spectral power distribution curves. A wavelength interrogation based SPR system is built, and commercial micro-spectrometers (USB2000 and USB4000) are used as the detection components, respectively. The RI resolutions of the SPR system in these two cases are measured, respectively. Both theoretical and experimental results show that the spectral power distribution has a significant effect on the RI resolution of the SPR system.
An Analysis of ISIS Propaganda and Recruitment Activities Targeting the
Turkish-Speaking Population
Authors: Ozeren Suleyman , Hekim Hakan , Elmas M. Salih , Canbegi Halil Ibrahim 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe “Islamic State in Iraq and Syria” (ISIS) is the main source of instability, not only
in Iraq and Syria, but also throughout the Middle East. The instability poses a danger for
the other parts of the world because of the influx of foreign fighters to the region.
Extremists have taken advantage of the continuing conflicts in Iraq and Syria, with Syria in
particular serving as a magnet for thousands of foreign fighters from more than 90
countries. While most of these ISIS combatants are men, many women have left their countries
behind to join the “caliphate” and support its cause. Social media have played a key role in
luring women to join ISIS. This study therefore analyzed the ISIS organization’s social
media propaganda and grass-roots recruitment activities aimed at women in Turkey. The
results of the analysis provide important information about the strategies that ISIS uses to
spread its ideology.
Programming mediated by fatty acids affects uncoupling protein 1 (UCP-1) in brown adipose tissue
Authors: Argentato Perla P. , de Cássia César Helena , Estadella Débora , Pisani Luciana P. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBrown adipose tissue (BAT) has recently been given more attention for the part it plays in obesity. BAT can generate great amounts of heat through thermogenesis by the activation of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP-1), which can be regulated by many environmental factors such as diet. Moreover, the build-up of BAT relates to maternal nutritional changes during pregnancy and lactation. However, at present, there is a limited number of studies looking at maternal nutrition and BAT development, and it seems that the research trend in this field has been considerably declining since the 1980s. There is much to discover yet about the role of different fatty acids on the development of BAT and the activation of UCP-1 during the fetal and the postnatal periods of life. A better understanding of the impact of nutritional intervention on the epigenetic regulation of BAT could lead to new preventive care for metabolic diseases such as obesity. It is important to know in which circumstances lipids could programme BAT during pregnancy and lactation. The modification of maternal dietary fatty acids, amount and composition, during pregnancy and lactation might be a promising strategy for the prevention of obesity in the offspring and future generations.
Anxiety and depression in adults with autism spectrum disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Hollocks Matthew J , Lerh Jian Wei , Magiati Iliana , Meiser-Stedman Richard , Brugha Traolach S 
Published: September 2018

AbstractAdults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are thought to be at disproportionate risk of developing mental health comorbidities, with anxiety and depression being considered most prominent amongst these. Yet, no systematic review has been carried out to date to examine rates of both anxiety and depression focusing specifically on adults with ASD. This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the rates of anxiety and depression in adults with ASD and the impact of factors such as assessment methods and presence of comorbid intellectual disability (ID) diagnosis on estimated prevalence rates. Electronic database searches for studies published between January 2000 and September 2017 identified a total of 35 studies, including 30 studies measuring anxiety (n= 26 070; mean age = 30.9,s.d.= 6.2 years) and 29 studies measuring depression (n= 26 117; mean age = 31.1,s.d.= 6.8 years). The pooled estimation of current and lifetime prevalence for adults with ASD were 27% and 42% for any anxiety disorder, and 23% and 37% for depressive disorder. Further analyses revealed that the use of questionnaire measures and the presence of ID may significantly influence estimates of prevalence. The current literature suffers from a high degree of heterogeneity in study method and an overreliance on clinical samples. These results highlight the importance of community-based studies and the identification and inclusion of well-characterized samples to reduce heterogeneity and bias in estimates of prevalence for comorbidity in adults with ASD and other populations with complex psychiatric presentations.
Attention to threat in posttraumatic stress disorder as indexed by eye-tracking indices: a systematic review
Authors: Lazarov Amit , Suarez-Jimenez Benjamin , Tamman Amanda , Falzon Louise , Zhu Xi , Edmondson Donald E. , Neria Yuval 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBackgroundCognitive models of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) implicate threat-related attentional biases in the etiology and phenomenology of the disorder. However, extant attentional research using reaction time (RT)-based paradigms and measures has yielded mixed results. Eye-tracking methodology has emerged in recent years to overcome several inherent drawbacks of RT-based tasks, striving to better delineate attentional processes.MethodsA systematic review of experimental studies examining threat-related attention biases in PTSD, using eye-tracking methodology and group-comparison designs, was conducted conforming to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Studies were selected following a systematic search for publications between 1980 and December 2017 in PsycINFO, MEDLINE and the National Center for PTSD Research's Published International Literature on Traumatic Stress (PILOTS) database. Additional records were identified by employing the Similar Articles feature in PubMed, and the Cited Reference Search in ISI Web of Science. Reference sections of review articles, book chapters and studies selected for inclusion were searched for further studies. Ongoing studies were also sought through Clinicaltrials.gov.ResultsA total of 11 studies (n= 456 participants in total) were included in the final review. Results indicated little support for enhanced threat detection, hypervigilance and attentional avoidance. However, consistent evidence emerged for sustained attention on threat (i.e. attention maintenance) in PTSD.ConclusionsThis review is the first to systematically evaluate extant findings in PTSD emanating from eye-tracking studies employing group-comparison designs. Results suggest that sustained attention on threat might serve as a potential target for therapeutic intervention.
Intranasal octenidine and universal antiseptic bathing reduce methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) prevalence in extended care facilities
Authors: Chow A. , Hon P. Y. , Tin G. , Zhang W. , Poh B. F. , Ang B. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractIntranasal octenidine, an antiseptic alternative to mupirocin, can be used for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) decolonisation in the prevention of nosocomial transmission. A controlled before–after study was conducted in three extended-care hospitals in Singapore. All inpatients with >48 h stay were screened for MRSA colonisation in mid-2015(pre-intervention) and mid-2016(post-intervention). Hospital A: universal daily chlorhexidine bathing throughout 2015 and 2016, with intranasal octenidine for MRSA-colonisers in 2016. Hospital B: universal daily octenidine bathing and intranasal octenidine for MRSA-colonisers in 2016. Hospital C: no intervention. In 2015, MRSA prevalence was similar among the hospitals (Hospital A: 38.5%, Hospital B: 48.1%, Hospital C: 43.4%, P = 0.288). From 2015 to 2016, MRSA prevalence reduced by 58% in Hospital A (Adj OR 0.42, 95% CI 0.20–0.89) and 43% in Hospital B (Adj OR 0.57, 95% CI 0.39–0.84), but remained similar in Hospital C (Adj OR 1.19, 95% CI 0.60–2.33), after adjusting for age, gender, comorbidities, prior MRSA carriage, prior antibiotics exposure and length of hospital stay. Compared with the change in MRSA prevalence from 2015 to 2016 in Hospital C, MRSA prevalence declined substantially in Hospital A (Adj OR 0.35, 95% CI 0.13–0.97) and Hospital B (Adj OR 0.48, 95% CI 0.22–1.03). Topical intranasal octenidine, coupled with universal daily antiseptic bathing, can reduce MRSA colonisation in extended-care facilities.
Associations between Prospective and Retrospective Subjective Memory Complaints and Neuropsychological Performance in Older Adults: The Finger Study
Authors: Vaskivuo Laura , Hokkanen Laura , Hänninen Tuomo , Antikainen Riitta , Bäckman Lars , Laatikainen Tiina , Paajanen Teemu , Stigsdotter-Neely Anna , Strandberg Timo , Tuomilehto Jaakko , Soininen Hilkka , Kivipelto Miia , Ngandu Tiia 
Published: September 2018

AbstractObjectives:Subjective memory complaints (SMCs) are among the key concerns in the elderly, but their role in detecting objective cognitive problems is unclear. The aim of this study was to clarify the association between SMCs (both prospective and retrospective memory complaints) and neuropsychological test performance in older adults at risk of cognitive decline.Methods:This investigation is part of the FINGER project, a multicenter randomized controlled trial aiming at preventing cognitive decline in high-risk individuals. The cognitive assessment of participants was conducted at baseline using a modified neuropsychological test battery (NTB). SMCs were evaluated with the Prospective and Retrospective Memory Questionnaire (PRMQ) in a sub-sample of 560 participants (mean age, 69.9 years).Results:Having more prospective SMCs was associated with slower processing speed, but not with other NTB domains. Retrospective SMCs were linked to poorer function on NTB total score, processing speed, and memory. Executive function domain was not associated with any PRMQ ratings. Depressive symptoms and poor quality of life diluted the observed associations for NTB total score and memory. However, the association between PRMQ and processing speed remained even after full adjustments.Conclusions:Our results indicate that self-reported memory problems, measured with PRMQ, are associated with objectively measured cognitive performance. Such complaints in healthy elderly people also seem to reflect reduced mental tempo, rather than memory deficits. Slowing of processing speed may thus be negatively related to memory self-efficacy. It is also important to consider affective factors among those who report memory problems. (JINS, 2018,24, 1099–1109)
Assessment of Naming in Non-native English Speakers with Epilepsy
Authors: Gooding Amanda , Cole Jeffrey R. , Hamberger Marla J. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractObjectives: Naming assessment is a core component of neuropsychological evaluation, particularly in the surgical work up for patients with pharmacologically refractory epilepsy. Specifically, naming deficits are typically associated with left, but not right hemisphere epilepsy, thereby assisting with lateralization of seizure onset. We sought to determine whether bilingual (English as second language, ESL) and monolingual epilepsy patients with comparable education, intelligence, and objective vocabulary performance would perform similarly on standard naming measures, and whether ESL patients would demonstrate laterality effects in naming, similar to that observed in monolingual patients. Methods: Participants were 242 adults with epilepsy (186 native, 56 ESL) who underwent neuropsychological evaluation and obtained normal range or higher scores on the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (R/III/IV) Vocabulary subtest (scaled score≥8). Groups were compared on demographic factors and language performances (i.e., Boston Naming Test, Auditory & Visual Naming Test, word reading, fluency). Results: Groups did not differ with respect to age, education, FSIQ, vocabulary, reading, or verbal fluency. However, ESL speakers earned poorer scores than native English speakers on all naming measures. Moreover, among ESL participants with unilateral epilepsy, a significant proportion of right hemisphere patients scored below cutoff for impairment. This contrasted with the more typical finding among native English speakers, whereby a significant proportion of left patients demonstrated naming impairment. Conclusions: These results underscore the complexity of verbal assessment in bilinguals, suggesting that naming performances by ESL individuals, even those considered proficient, with strong performances on other English verbal measures, cannot be interpreted by the same standards applied for native speakers. (JINS, 2018, 24, 1057–1063)
Socio-economic differentials in minimum dietary diversity among young children in South-East Asia: evidence from Demographic and Health Surveys
Authors: Harvey Chloe M , Newell Marie-Louise , Padmadas Sabu S 
Published: September 2018

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the socio-economic differentials underlying minimum dietary diversity (MDD) among children aged 6–23 months in three economically diverse South-East Asian countries.DesignThe outcome variable MDD was defined as the proportion of children aged 6–23 months who received foods from four of the seven recommended food groups within the 24 h prior to interview. The association between socio-economic factors and MDD, adjusting for relevant characteristics, was examined using logistic regression.SettingWe used cross-sectional population data from recent Demographic and Health Surveys from Cambodia (2014), Myanmar (2015–16) and Indonesia (2012).SubjectsTotal of 8364 children aged 6–23 months.ResultsApproximately half of all children met the MDD, varying from 47·7 % in Cambodia (n1023) to 58·2 % in Indonesia (n2907) and 24·6 % in Myanmar (n301). The likelihood (adjusted OR; 95 % CI) of meeting MDD increased for children in the richest households (Cambodia: 2·4; 1·7, 3·4; Myanmar: 1·8; 1·1, 3·0; Indonesia: 2·0; 1·6, 2·5) and those residing in urban areas (Cambodia: 1·4; 1·1, 1·9; Myanmar: 1·7; 1·2, 2·4; Indonesia: 1·7; 1·5, 1·9). MDD deprivation was most severe among children from the poorest households in rural areas. The association between mother’s labour force participation and MDD was positive in all three countries but reached significance only in Indonesia (1·3; 1·1, 1·5).ConclusionsMDD deprivation among young children was significantly high in socio-economically disadvantaged families in all three study settings. MDD requirements are not being met for approximately half of young children in these three South-East Asian countries.
Lupus disks with faint CO isotopologues: low gas/dust or high carbon depletion?
Authors: Miotello Anna 
Published: September 2018

AbstractWith the advent of ALMA, complete surveys of gas and dust in protoplanetary disks are being carried out in different star forming regions. In particular, continuum emission is used to trace the large (mm-sized) dust grains and CO isotopologues are observed in order to trace the bulk of the gas. The attempt is to simultaneously constrain the gas and dust disk mass as well as the gas/dust mass ratio. In this work the observations from the Lupus disk survey have been analyzed with thermo-chemical disk models, including radiative transfer, CO isotope-selective processes and freeze-out. We find that CO-based gas masses are very low, often smaller than 1MJ. Moreover, gas/dust mass ratios are much lower than value of 100 found in the ISM, being mainly between 1 and 10. This result can be interpreted either as rapid loss of gas, or as a chemical effect removing carbon from CO and locking it into more complex molecules or in larger bodies. Current data cannot distinguish between the two scenarios (except for sources with detected HD lines), but future observations of e.g. [CI] and hydrocarbon lines will help to calibrate CO-based gas masses and to constrain disk gas masses.
Dust formation at cryogenic temperatures
Authors: Henning Thomas , Jäger Cornelia , Rouillé Gaël , Fulvio Daniele , Krasnokutski Serge A. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe efficiency of dust formation in a variety of environments is an ongoing topic for discussions, especially if it comes to dust formation in the interstellar medium. Although this possibility is discussed in a wide range of numerical studies, experiments on the formation of dust at low densities and temperatures are mostly lacking. This contribution summarizes the main findings of our low-temperature condensation experiments including the formation of silica, complex silicates with pyroxene and olivine stoichiometry, and of carbonaceous refractory materials. Atomic and molecular species to be expected as products of supernovae shock fronts were produced by laser ablation of silicates and graphite. These species were deposited together with a rare gas on cold substrates representing the surfaces of surviving dust grains in the interstellar medium. After characterizing the precursor species, the rare gas matrix was annealed to induce diffusion and reactions between the initial components. We found the production of amorphous and homogeneous silica and magnesium iron silicates at temperatures of about 12 K in a barrierless reaction as monitored by infrared spectroscopy. The 10 μm band of the low-temperature siliceous condensates shows a striking similarity to the 10 μm band of interstellar silicates. Carbonaceous atoms and molecules can also react without a barrier and form an amorphous or hydrogenated amorphous carbon material. The refractory condensate has properties comparable to fullerene-like carbon grains formed at high temperatures.
Modelling the emission of nitrogen-bearing molecules towards the solar type protostar IRAS16293-2422
Authors: Hernández-Gómez A. , Caux E. , Loinard L. , Bottinelli S. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractNitrogen, one of the most abundant elements in the Universe is a fundamental element of molecules which are crucial for life. We present here the modelling of the emission of two of the simplest nitrogen-bearing molecules, CN and NO, with a non-LTE radiative transfer code in IRAS16293-2422, a class 0 low-mass protostar. In this model, we assumed IRAS16293-2422 is formed by 2 compact, hot and dense sources embedded in a three layers of envelope.