bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Empowering the Vulnerable: The Impact of SEL on Traumatized Children’s Academic and Social Outcomes in Crises
Authors: Al-Hroub Anies , Al-Hroub Rawand 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Purpose of Review
This article critically reviews the impact of Social and Emotional Learning (SEL) on traumatized children’s academic and social outcomes, focusing on studies from the past three years across diverse contexts. It emphasizes the need for culturally sensitive, trauma-informed programs that cater to various settings, while also exploring the critical roles of parents and educators in SEL implementation. Additionally, the paper highlights challenges in deploying SEL in crisis-affected regions and offers strategies to address systemic barriers.

Recent Findings
Recent studies show that SEL interventions significantly foster emotional regulation, resilience, empathy, and social integration, vital for personal well-being and successful social adaptation. However, the effect of SEL on academic performance, particularly in literacy and numeracy, remains inconsistent. Cultural adaptation of SEL programs is critical to their success, especially in non-Western settings, with a growing focus on trauma-informed approaches to address the needs of children affected by crises, including the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite these benefits, challenges such as resource limitations, lack of policy support, and the need for educator training continue to impede effective SEL implementation.

Summary
SEL offers a vital framework for supporting traumatized children, particularly in crisis-affected regions. This review explores five key themes: the enhancement of emotional regulation and social integration, the necessity of cultural adaptation, the involvement of parents and educators, the challenges of implementing SEL in crisis contexts, and the importance of developing trauma-informed policies. The article also identifies future research directions, emphasizing the need for systemic reforms and culturally adapted SEL models.
Glutamatergic Circuits in the Pedunculopontine Nucleus Modulate Multiple Motor Functions
Authors: Huang Yanwang , Wang Shangyi , Wang Qingxiu , Zheng Chaowen , Yang Feng , Wei Lei , Zhou Xintong , Wang Zuoren 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe functional role of glutamatergic (vGluT2) neurons in the pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN) in modulating motor activity remains controversial. Here, we demonstrated that the activity of vGluT2 neurons in the rostral PPN is correlated with locomotion and ipsilateral head-turning. Beyond these motor functions, we found that these rostral PPN-vGluT2 neurons remarkably respond to salient stimuli. Furthermore, we systematically traced the upstream and downstream projections of these neurons and identified two downstream projections from these neurons to the caudal pontine reticular nucleus/anterior gigantocellular reticular nucleus (PnC/GiA) and the zona incerta (ZI). Our findings indicate that the projections to the PnC/GiA inhibit movement, consistent with ‘pause-and-play’ behavior, whereas those to the ZI promote locomotion, and others respond to a new ‘pause-switch-play’ pattern. Collectively, these findings elucidate the multifaceted influence of the PPN on motor functions and provide a robust theoretical framework for understanding its physiological and potential therapeutic implications.
The Structural Origins of Racial Inequality and Attitudes Toward Redistribution
Authors: Christiani Leah , Kelly Nathan J. , Morgan Jana 
Published: November 2024

AbstractA long line of research demonstrates that priming race undermines support for redistribution by activating negative racial stereotypes that tend to place blame for racial inequalities on individual members of minoritized groups and downplay the systemic causes of racial inequality. Here we suggest that information emphasizing the structural origins of racial disparities can disrupt these typical patterns and generate more positive attitudes toward redistributive policies because structural narratives run counter to individualistic racial stereotypes. To evaluate this possibility, we conduct a novel survey experiment that assesses how exposure to information about the structural underpinnings of racial inequality affects redistribution attitudes. Our analysis shows that support for redistributive policies increases after exposure to our treatment, with the effect most pronounced among White Republicans and those with high levels of racial resentment. These findings suggest that how we talk about racial inequality matters—focusing on structural accounts can bolster support for redistribution, especially among those groups least likely to support egalitarian policies overall.
Roadmap for implementing climate adaptation innovations in railway
Authors: Jägare Veronica , Juntti Ulla , Garmabaki A. H. S. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe railway is often perceived as an industry where new technology is not utilised to its full potential. However, the future of the railway and its ability to respond to future transportation demands lies in its ability to implement emerging technology. The aim of this research was to propose a system-level innovation roadmap for implementing innovations that can support climate adaptation of railway infrastructure. To achieve the aim of the research, barriers, and enablers for implementing innovations have been explored, identified, and analysed. Two interview studies and a workshop have been conducted. In total, 58 experts from a population with knowledge in railway have been interviewed. The innovation is a decision support system (DSS) enhancing knowledge regarding effects of climate change on railway infrastructure and suggesting climate adaptation measures. The barriers and enablers concerning the implementation of the innovation are related to technology, business models, procurement, infrastructure, regulations, policy, and culture, values, and behaviour. Procurement processes and business models are vital enablers for the introduction of new solutions for a more climate-change-resilient infrastructure. Tendering documentation must include a broader scope of climate-change risk management indicators. A conclusion is that climate adaptation action has a multi-dimension aspect which require various stakeholders to be engaged. This work proposed a holistic system-level innovation roadmap for implementing DSS for climate adaptation of railway infrastructure.
Advanced reference crop evapotranspiration prediction: a novel framework combining neural nets, bee optimization algorithm, and mode decomposition
Authors: Elbeltagi Ahmed , Katipoğlu Okan Mert , Kartal Veysi , Danandeh Mehr Ali , Berhail Sabri , Elsadek Elsayed Ahmed 
Published: November 2024

AbstractVarious critical applications, spanning from watershed management to agricultural planning and ecological sustainability, hinge upon the accurate prediction of reference evapotranspiration (ETo). In this context, our study aimed to enhance the accuracy of ETo prediction models by combining a variety of signal decomposition techniques with an Artificial Bee Colony (ABC)–artificial neural network (ANN) (codename: ABC–ANN). To this end, historical (1979–2014) daily climate variables, including maximum temperature, minimum temperature, mean temperature, wind speed, relative humidity, solar radiation, and precipitation from four arid and semi-arid regions in Egypt: Al-Qalyubiyah, Cairo, Damietta, and Port Said, were used. Six techniques, namely, Empirical Mode Decomposition, Variational Mode Decomposition, Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition, Local Mean Decomposition, Complete Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition with Adaptive Noise, and Empirical Wavelet Transform were used to evaluate signal decomposition efficiency in ETo prediction. Our results showed that the highest ETo prediction accuracy was obtained with ABC-ANN (Train R2: 0.990 and Test R2: 0.989), (Train R2: 0.986 and Test R2: 0.986), (Train R2: 0.991 and Test R2: 0.989) and (Train R2: 0.988 and Test R2: 0.987) for Al-Qalyubiyah, Cairo, Damietta, and Port Said, respectively. The impressive results of our hybrid model attest to its importance as a powerful tool for tackling the problems associated with ETo prediction.
See it, hear it, feel it: an explorative virtual reality study to identify factors determining public acceptance of drones in different city environments
Authors: Stolz Maria , Rehm Michaela , Papenfuß Anne , Utesch Fabian , Dunkel Franziska , Baumgarten Frank , Fischer Martin 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis paper reports an explorative approach to research factors influencing how people experience urban drone traffic. The study used a virtual reality environment to show people what future drone traffic could look like. A total of ten people took part in the survey. They experienced different types of drones with varying purposes in four urban areas: an industrial area, a city center, a residential area, and a park. Various types of data were collected in the study, focusing on qualitative data from interviews. The goal was to collect a rich and comprehensive data set that thoroughly understands acceptance factors related to drones, recommendations on how future research scenarios in high-fidelity simulation should be designed, and which factors should be included or need more investigation. The findings reveal that drone acceptance is determined by a complex interaction of numerous factors, which need more investigation and validation in future research.
Dual action tofacitinib-loaded PLGA nanoparticles alleviate colitis in an IBD mouse model
Authors: Seegobin Nidhi , McCoubrey Laura E. , Vignal Cécile , Waxin Christophe , Abdalla Youssef , Fan Yue , Awad Atheer , Murdan Sudaxshina , Basit Abdul W. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractInflammatory bowel disease (IBD) affects over 7 million people worldwide and significant side effects are associated with current therapies such as tofacitinib citrate (TFC), which is linked to increased risks of malignancy and congestive heart issues. To mitigate these systemic adverse effects, localised drug delivery via nano-sized carriers to inflamed gut tissues represents a promising approach. Herein, we aimed to optimise the synthesis of nanoparticles (NPs) using a low molecular weight grade of Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) 50:50 loaded with TFC. This approach leverages the dual anti-inflammatory action of TFC and the local production of anti-inflammatory short-chain fatty acids from the degradation of PLGA by colonic gut microbiota. NPs were produced by nanoprecipitation and characterised for their drug release profile in vitro. The efficacy of the enhanced PLGA-TFC NPs was then tested in a C57BL/6 DSS colitis mouse model. The release profile of TFC from the enhanced PLGA NPs showed a 40% burst release within the first hour, followed by up to 80% drug release in the colonic environment. Notably, the degradation of PLGA by colonic gut microbiota did not significantly influence TFC release. In the mouse model, neither PLGA NPs alone nor TFC alone showed significant effects on weight loss compared to the TFC-loaded PLGA NPs, emphasising the enhanced efficacy potential of the combined formulation. Altogether, these results suggest a promising role of NP delivery systems in enhancing TFC efficacy, marking a significant step towards reducing dosage and associated side effects in IBD treatment. This study underscores the potential of PLGA-TFC NPs in providing targeted and effective therapy for IBD.
Graphical Abstract
There is No Scarcity Problem
Authors: Lundgren Björn 
Published: November 2024

AbstractRecently, John Danaher and Sven Nyholm argued that partial “digital duplicates” of real persons (simulations and imitations) prima facie makes the real person less valuable because they become less scarce. They call this the “scarcity problem.” If true, this thesis is amongst the most important insights in ethics of technology because of the simplicity of duplication. However, based on an analysis of their argument, I suggest that the thesis has no support.
Giardia fibrillarin: a bioinformatics exploration of sequence and structure
Authors: Lagunas-Rangel Francisco Alejandro 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Fibrillarin is a key nucleolar S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM)–dependent methyltransferase, highly conserved among species in both sequence and function. It is actively involved in numerous cellular processes, particularly in the early stages of pre-ribosomal RNA processing. Although a fibrillarin orthologue has been identified in Giardia, an intestinal protozoan parasite responsible for numerous infections worldwide, its functional and structural features in this parasite remain largely unexplored. In this study, bioinformatics tools were used to analyze the sequence and structure of Giardia fibrillarin to provide insights that could aid future experimental and therapeutic investigations. Taking advantage of the protein sequence of Giardia fibrillarin, multiple bioinformatics tools were employed to estimate its domains, nuclear and nucleolar localization signals (NLS and NoLS), post-translational modifications, phylogeny, and three-dimensional structure. The analysis revealed significant conservation of Giardia fibrillarin, showing close relationships with archaeal and parasitic amoeba orthologs. It retains essential features such as the SAM-dependent methyltransferase domain, a glycine- and arginine-rich domain, and both NLS and NoLS. While the core region of the protein is structurally conserved, the N-terminal region exhibits notable divergence. The potential for inhibition of Giardia fibrillarin by SAM competitors suggests that it could be a promising target for drug development, particularly for strains resistant to current treatments.
Enablers and barriers of implementing a whole school approach to ovulatory menstrual health literacy: a case study of a single-sex school in Western Australia
Authors: Roux Felicity , Hendriks Jacqueline , Chih HuiJun , Burns Sharyn 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMy Vital Cycles® is a holistic ovulatory menstrual health literacy program for adolescent females. A whole school approach was used when trialled in one single-sex secondary school in Perth Australia. This study investigated the enablers and barriers for its future implementation from the perspective of the school’s teachers, nurses and psychologists. The design was a pre-trial survey of ovulatory menstrual health knowledge and attitudes, followed by post-trial interviews and focus group discussions (FGDs). In the pre-trial survey, 12 school staff demonstrated positive attitudes to ovulatory menstrual health; sound anatomical knowledge; but limited knowledge of cycle patterns. There were two FGDs with five participants and eight post-trial semi-structured interviews, giving 13 school staff in total. Deductive thematic analysis identified 14 themes within a whole school approach framework, specifically: policies and resources; community partnerships; curriculum; social-emotional environment; and school health services. Enablers included school staff’s positive attitudes; the program’s validated materials; its curricular alignment; and address of stigma. Barriers included school staff’s need for professional development; extending the program over years; Health and Science silos; dependence on school leadership; and challenges of building community partnerships. Co-design with school leadership and staff to enhance opportunities for a whole school approach is recommended for future implementation.
From reflective practice to communicative interaction: a case study on the use of blogs by student teachers
Authors: Bataller-Català Alexandre 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This case study examines the use and possibilities of blogging as reflective practice journals by student teachers during their practicum. The blog serves as a tool for the construction of their teacher identity through the encouragement of daily reflection on school experiences. The study investigates how the blog, as a digital tool, facilitates peer interaction, reflective thinking, and collaborative knowledge construction. Conducted with participants from primary and secondary education programs at the University of Valencia the research employs a qualitative, instrumental case study methodology. The researcher acted as the teacher-tutor of the internships and students shared their impressions by sharing their experiences within the group. Findings suggest that blogs function as effective platforms for fostering reflective writing, enhancing peer support, and promoting collaborative knowledge construction, ultimately contributing to the development of professional identity among student teachers. Self-censorship is identified as the main limitation, especially when sharing perceived shortcomings in the school system and teaching practice. The study concludes that the blog provides an interactive space that enriches personal writing expression and collaborative learning, highlighting also their value in teacher education.
Spent yeast reuse as inoculum: a strategy to boost cellulosic ethanol productivity
Authors: Amândio Mariana S. T. , Gonçalves Manuel J. A. , Serafim Luísa S. , Rocha Jorge M. S. , Xavier Ana M. R. B. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractFor the implementation of an integrated biorefinery into a pulping mill, the valorization of bark through cellulosic ethanol production and simultaneously the valorization of the residual yeast from each fermentation run should be considered to increase sustainability and pulp and paper profitability. Spent yeast recycling during cellulosic ethanol production is an opportunity to reduce waste according to environmental issues for disposal at the industrial level, boosting the circular economy. This work evaluated the reuse of spent yeast in successive fermentation experiments at Erlenmeyer and bioreactor scales for cellulosic ethanol from Eucalyptus globulus bark. The spent yeast recovered through centrifugation at the end of each experiment was used as inoculum for subsequent batch fermentation. Across five sequential fermentations, wherein only a fraction of spent yeast was recycled, a discernible decline in ethanol volumetric productivity was observed throughout successive fermentation cycles. Conversely, employing the complete spent yeast for recycling along 11 consecutive trials resulted in a notable enhancement of ethanol productivity, as evidenced by a reduction in fermentation duration to approximately one-third remaining the conversion efficiency above 70%. Four successive experimental trials were conducted at the bioreactor scale, resulting in volumetric productivities ranging from 2.00 to 5.83 g L−1 h−1. The reuse of spent yeast in consecutive fermentation cycles demonstrably augmented productivity, thereby validating a promising strategy for the industrial-scale production of cellulosic ethanol. This significantly contributes to advances in the circular economy principles within the overarching framework of biorefinery operations.
Graphical Abstract
Het effect van een gereduceerde dosis enzalutamide op bijwerkingen bij kwetsbare patiënten met prostaatkanker
Authors: Boerrigter Emmy , Overbeek Joanneke K. , Benoist Guillemette E. , Somford Diederik M. , Hamberg Paul , Tol Jolien , Scholtes Brian , Willemsen Annelieke E. C. A. B. , Buffart Laurien M. , Kessels Roy P. C. , Mehra Niven , van Oort Inge M. , van Erp Nielka P. 
Published: November 2024

Samenvatting
Enzalutamide is een sterke remmer van de androgeenreceptor. Behandeling met enzalutamide is effectief bij verschillende stadia van prostaatkanker. De behandeling kan echter gepaard gaan met bijwerkingen, zoals vermoeidheid, cognitieve achteruitgang en depressie, die een grote impact kunnen hebben op de kwaliteit van leven. In dit onderzoek werd gekeken of een gereduceerde dosis enzalutamide (1 dd 120 mg) leidt tot minder bijwerkingen ten opzichte van de standaarddosis enzalutamide (1 dd 160 mg) bij kwetsbare patiënten met prostaatkanker. Hiervoor zijn 52 patiënten gerandomiseerd tussen beide doseringen. Patiënten die de gereduceerde dosering kregen waren significant minder vermoeid na 24 weken vergeleken met degenen die behandeld werden met de standaarddosis (verschil FACIT-Fatigue-vragenlijst 6,2; 95%-BI 1,4–11,0; p = 0,01). Patiënten met de standaarddosis ervaarden meer vermoeidheid, cognitieve bijwerkingen en depressieve symptomen na 24 weken behandeling dan voor de start van de behandeling. Bij patiënten die behandeld werden met de gereduceerde dosis bleven deze symptomen over de tijd stabiel. Geconcludeerd wordt dat een gereduceerde dosis enzalutamide resulteert in minder vermoeidheid, cognitieve bijwerkingen en depressieve symptomen bij kwetsbare patiënten met prostaatkanker, zonder aanwijzingen van verlies van effectiviteit.
Association between frailty status and risk of chronic lung disease: an analysis based on two national prospective cohorts
Authors: Feng Gui-Yu , Li Jing-Xiao , Li Guo-Sheng , Liu Jun , Gao Xiang , Yan Guan-Qiang , Yang Nuo , Huang Tao , Zhou Hua-Fu 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
The association between the frailty index (FI) and the risk of chronic lung diseases (CLDs) remains unexplored, warranting further research.

Methods and materials
This study investigated the relationship between FI and CLD risk using data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) and English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA), comprising a combined sample of 9642 individuals. Propensity score weighting was used to ensure similar distribution of covariates across FI groups. The Wilcoxon rank-sum test was used to analyze differences in FI scores between groups with and without CLD. Kaplan–Meier curves and Cox regression analysis were employed to explore the association between frailty status and CLD incidence, with sensitivity analyses conducted for validation.

Results
Higher FI scores were significantly associated with increased CLD risk in both cohorts (p < .05). Kaplan–Meier survival and Cox regression analyses indicated that frail individuals have a significantly elevated risk of CLD compared to robust individuals, particularly in certain subgroups (e.g., female) within the CHARLS cohort (p < .05). The ELSA cohort yielded similar results (p < .05), affirming FI as a strong predictor of CLD. Additional risk factors identified included age, smoking, and unmarried status (p < .05). Frail individuals consistently exhibited the highest risk in both cohorts (CHARLS HR = 1.54, p = .003; ELSA HR = 6.64, p < .001). The sensitivity analysis did not substantially alter the significant associations.

Conclusion
These findings emphasize the critical role of frailty in the development of CLD, suggesting that targeted interventions could reduce CLD risk.