bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intramucosal colorectal carcinoma with lymphovascular invasion: clinicopathological characteristics of nine cases
Authors: Hashimoto Hirotsugu , Horiuchi Hajime , Kurata Atsushi , Kikuchi Hiroyuki , Okuyama Rikiya , Usui Genki , Masuda Yoshio , Kuroda Masahiko , Inoue Shigeru , Furushima Kaoru , Matsuhashi Nobuyuki , Harihara Yasushi , Morikawa Teppei 
Published: January 2019

AimsRecent studies have provided the concept of invasive intramucosal colorectal carcinoma (CRC), and a case of intramucosal CRC with lymphatic invasion has been reported; however, the characteristics of such cases and the risk of lymph node metastasis have never been investigated. Therefore, we aimed to assess the pathological characteristics of intramucosal CRCs with lymphovascular invasion as well as the possibility of lymph node metastasis as an indication for additional surgery.Methods and resultsTo delineate the histological features of intramucosal CRCs with lymphovascular invasion, we analysed several histological features and compared their incidence among nine such cases, as well as 20 other cases of intramucosal CRCs without lymphovascular invasion. High‐grade tumour budding and a pattern of ‘eosinophilic cytoplasm and round nuclei with inflammatory reaction (ERI)’ were morphological characteristics of intramucosal CRCs with lymphovascular invasion, compared with those without lymphovascular invasion (both P < 0.05). Among the seven lymph node‐dissected cases of intramucosal CRCs with lymphovascular invasion, none showed lymph node metastasis.ConclusionsIn intramucosal CRCs with lymphovascular invasion, high‐grade tumour budding and the ‘ERI’ pattern are morphological characteristics that are distinct from those of non‐invasive CRC, which is synonymous with high‐grade dysplasia. Further studies using a larger number of cases by focusing on the above‐mentioned histological pattern are expected to clarify the potential of lymph node metastasis of such cases.
Complementarity among dragonflies across a pondscape in a rural landscape mosaic
Authors: Briggs Andrew J. , Pryke James S. , Samways Michael J. , Conlong Des E. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Networks of ponds (pondscapes) are becoming increasingly significant for resilient landscape planning in rural areas. Farmland and forestry ponds are habitat islands that support heterogeneous communities of aquatic organisms.

Species richness, Dragonfly Biotic Index (DBI), Shannon's index, and species composition are used here to assess the complementary conservation value of adult dragonfly assemblages associated with forty ponds across a protected area‐sugarcane‐forestry mosaic.

Despite differences in environmental variables among the various ponds, dragonfly species richness, DBI, Shannon index scores, as well as responses to particular environmental variables, did not differ between ponds in sugarcane, plantation forestry, and protected areas. Dragonfly composition differed in response to vegetation cover.

Our results highlight the importance of catchment and regional management for all ponds within the pondscape, and show that ponds in the transformed areas (i.e. sugarcane and forestry areas) are important contributors to regional conservation. As the various ponds were complementary in their dragonfly assemblages, we recommend conservation focus at the level of the pondscape rather than on individual ponds.
Exploring the possibility of predicting long‐term oxidative stability in prototype skincare formulations using various lipid oxidation initiators
Authors: Thomsen Birgitte Raagaard , Taylor Richard , Hermund Ditte Baun , Soerensen Ann‐Dorit Molke , Heung Shuk Yee , Hyldig Grethe , Blenkiron Peter , Jacobsen Charlotte 
Published: January 2019

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to identify an effective lipid oxidation initiator which could predict, within 1 month, the long‐term oxidative stability of a prototype skincare formulation. The main purpose was to find a potential initiator not to assess oxidation stability of the formulations.MethodsFour initiators (below) were examined in three steps:

Reaction kinetics using a Clark electrode (Oxygraph);
Effect of adding an initiator on the product's physical and oxidative stability in prototype skincare formulations by visual observation, peroxide value and headspace GC‐MS determination of volatile oxidation products; and
Ability to differentiate unstable vs. stable prototype creams by initiator addition.
The four initiators explored were:

FeCl2/H2O2,
FeCl3/ascorbic acid,
2,2′‐Azobis(2,4‐dimethylvaleronitrile) (AMVN) and
2,2′‐Azobis(2‐methylpropionamidine) dihydrochloride (AAPH)
ResultsIn Oxygraph, the initiator systems FeCl2/H2O2 and FeCl3/ascorbic acid were good accelerators of oxygen consumption. The addition of FeCl2/H2O2 to prototype formulations did not affect the physical stability. However, the addition of FeCl3/ascorbic acid to prototype formulations resulted in phase separation and FeCl3/ascorbic acid was therefore deemed unusable. Moreover, the addition of AAPH or AMVN resulted in an increased and decreased viscosity respectively.In the oxidation stability study, peroxide value increased significantly when AMVN was added. However, the peroxide value remained low for the other initiators and the control (no initiator). The secondary volatile oxidation product, butanal, increased most with the FeCl2/H2O2 addition.Three out of the four initiators did not have the ability to rank the stable and unstable formulations in accordance with the result obtained for volatile oxidation products after 42 days of storage at 20°C of formulations without initiator. Only, FeCl2/H2O2 was able to rank the formulations in accordance with the oxidative stability observed for volatile oxidation products after 42 days of storage.ConclusionFeCl2/H2O2 showed potential as an initiator to predict the oxidative stability of skincare formulations, but more studies are needed to confirm the result in a broader range of products over a longer time.
Effect of heating and acidic pH on characteristics of wheat gluten suspension
Authors: Garg Swati , Cran Marlene J. , Mishra Vijay Kumar 
Published: January 2019

SummaryThe effects of different pH treatments with and without heating on the characteristics of wheat gluten suspension was investigated. At pH 1, maximum changes in colour were observed with a concurrent 65% decrease in protein free‐thiol content compared to the control gluten. The SDS‐Extractability of protein (SDS‐EP) chromatogram eluted at lower retention time and the presence of bands at the top lane even during reducing conditions in SDS‐PAGE gel suggested complex formation involving bonds other than disulphides. An increase in the free‐amino group content and the presence of an additional peak at a higher retention time in the SDS‐EP chromatogram was suggestive of hydrolysis. At pH 2 and 3, similar decreases in SDS‐EPs and free‐thiol content indicated formation of complexes. When heated, the free‐thiol content of the dispersions increased compared to the non‐heated dispersions indicating disruption of disulphide bonds with changes in gluten structure and size distribution.
How much does household food insecurity explain income inequalities in untreated dental caries?
Authors: Ferreira Fernanda Morais , Gomes Monalisa Cesarino , Granville‐Garcia Ana Flávia , Santin Gabriela Cristina , Pintarelli Tatiana Pegoretti , Feltrin Juliana , Fraiz Fabian Calixto 
Published: January 2019

BackgroundThe pathway by which socioeconomic disadvantages are manifested in the occurrence of dental caries remains unclear.AimTo explore how much the association between untreated dental caries and income inequalities is related to household food insecurity (HFI).DesignA population‐based study was conducted with a sample of 466 12‐year‐old students. Dental caries was evaluated by an examiner who had undergone calibration exercises. HFI was assessed using the Food Insecurity Scale validated for Brazilian Portuguese. Poisson regression models were created to determine associations between dental caries and both household income and HFI. The proportion of the income effect on dental caries explained by HFI was determined by the variation in percentages between the crude prevalence ratio (PRc) for dental caries and this measure adjusted by HFI (PRa).ResultsThe prevalence of dental caries was higher among children from families with a per capita household income lower than US$ 71 (PR: 1.69; 95%CI: 1.15‐2.49) or from US$ 71 to US$ 142 (PR: 1.50; 95%CI: 1.04‐2.17). Moreover, 14% of the association between a low income and dental caries was explained by HFI.ConclusionsDifferences in the prevalence of dental caries in schoolchildren related to socioeconomic inequalities could partially be attributed to HFI in low‐income families.
On distance graph coloring problems
Authors: de Freitas Rosiane , Dias Bruno , Maculan Nelson , Szwarcfiter Jayme 
Published: January 2019

AbstractOne of the most important classes of combinatorial optimization problems is graph coloring, and there are several variations of this general problem involving additional constraints either on vertices or edges. They constitute models for real applications, such as channel assignment in mobile wireless networks. In this work, we consider some coloring problems involving distance constraints as weighted edges, modeling them as distance geometry problems (DGPs). Thus, the vertices of the graph are considered as embedded on the real line and the coloring is treated as an assignment of positive integers to the vertices, while the distances correspond to line segments, where the goal is to find their feasible intersection. We formulate these coloring problem variants and show feasibility conditions for some problems. We also propose implicit enumeration methods for some of the optimization problems based on branch‐and‐prune algorithms proposed for DGPs in the literature. An empirical analysis was undertaken, considering equality and inequality constraints, and uniform and arbitrary set of distances. As the main contributions, we propose new variations of vertex coloring problems in graphs, involving a new theoretical model in distance geometry (DG) for vertex coloring problems with generalized adjacency constraints, promoting the correlation between graph theory and DG fields. We also give a characterization and formal proof of polynomial cases for special graph classes, since the general main problem is NP‐complete.
Integrated optimization model for distribution network design: a case study of the clothing industry
Authors: Liu Ming , Xu Xifen , Zhang Ding 
Published: January 2019

AbstractDistribution network design affects a firm's operating costs and its customer service level. In this paper, we consider distribution network design for improving the closed‐loop logistics in a clothing company. We formulate the problem as a mixed‐integer nonlinear programming model with an objective of minimizing the annual operating costs. Our model simultaneously determines the optimal number of regional distribution centers (RDCs), identifies location and relative size for each RDC, allocates each city distribution center to a specific RDC, decides on supply ratio for each contracted plant, and specifies the annual operating costs and service level for the best scenario, as well as other scenarios. Test results show that this marketing initiative at the studied company can effectively reduce its annual operating costs. Although this paper is a specific case study, it provides several managerial insights and modeling references for similar facility location and allocation problems.
Deviation measure in second‐order stochastic dominance with an application to enhanced indexing
Authors: Goel Anubha , Sharma Amita 
Published: January 2019

AbstractDeviation measures form a separate class of functionals applied to the difference of a random variable to its mean value. In this paper, we aim to introduce a deviation measure in the second‐order stochastic dominance (SSD) criterion to select an optimal portfolio having a higher utility of deviation from its mean value than that of the benchmark portfolio. A new strategy, called deviation SSD (DSSD), is proposed in portfolio optimization. Performance of the proposed model in an application to enhanced indexing is evaluated and compared to other two standard portfolio optimization models that employ SSD criterion on lower partial moments of order one (LSSD) and tail risk measure (TSSD). We use historical data of 16 global indices to assess the performance of the proposed model. In addition to this, we solved the models on simulated data, capturing the joint dependence between indices using historical data of two data sets, each data set comprising six indices. The simulated data are generated by first fitting the autoregressive moving average–Glosten–Jagannathan–Runkle–generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedastic model on historical data to determine marginal distributions, and thereafter capture the dependence structure using the best fitted regular vine copula. The portfolios from DSSD model achieve higher excess mean return than TSSD model and lower variance, downside deviation, and conditional value‐at‐risk than LSSD model. Also, portfolios from DSSD model demonstrate higher values of information ratio, stable tail‐adjusted return ratio and Sortino ratio than the other two models. Lastly, DSSD model is observed to produce well‐diversified portfolios compared to LSSD model.
Conformation‐specific antibodies against multiple amyloid protofibril species from a single amyloid immunogen
Authors: Bonito‐Oliva Alessandra , Schedin‐Weiss Sophia , Younesi Shahab S. , Tiiman Ann , Adura Carolina , Paknejad Navid , Brendel Matt , Romin Yevgeniy , Parchem Ronald J. , Graff Caroline , Vukojević Vladana , Tjernberg Lars O. , Terenius Lars , Winblad Bengt , Sakmar Thomas P. , Graham W Vallen 
Published: January 2019

AbstractWe engineered and employed a chaperone‐like amyloid‐binding protein Nucleobindin 1 (NUCB1) to stabilize human islet amyloid polypeptide (hIAPP) protofibrils for use as immunogen in mice. We obtained multiple monoclonal antibody (mAb) clones that were reactive against hIAPP protofibrils. A secondary screen was carried out to identify clones that cross‐reacted with amyloid beta‐peptide (Aβ42) protofibrils, but not with Aβ40 monomers. These mAbs were further characterized in several in vitro assays, in immunohistological studies of a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and in AD patient brain tissue. We show that mAbs obtained by immunizing mice with the NUCB1‐hIAPP complex cross‐react with Aβ42, specifically targeting protofibrils and inhibiting their further aggregation. In line with conformation‐specific binding, the mAbs appear to react with an intracellular antigen in diseased tissue, but not with amyloid plaques. We hypothesize that the mAbs we describe here recognize a secondary or quaternary structural epitope that is common to multiple amyloid protofibrils. In summary, we report a method to create mAbs that are conformation‐sensitive and sequence‐independent and can target more than one type of protofibril species.
Enamel matrix derivative stabilizes blood clot and improves clinical healing in deep pockets after flapless periodontal therapy: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Graziani Filippo , Gennai Stefano , Petrini Morena , Bettini Laura , Tonetti Maurizio 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAimAn acute phase response is induced after non‐surgical periodontal treatment (SRP). The main aim of this study was to compare acute phase (24‐hr) and medium‐term (3‐months) inflammation and clinical outcomes after SRP with or without application of enamel matrix derivative (EMD) in sites with probing pocket depth (PPD) ≥ 6 mm.MethodsThirty‐eight periodontitis‐affected subjects were randomized to SRP or SRP + EMD. Periodontal parameters were recorded at baseline and 3 months. Serum samples were collected at baseline, 1 and 90 days after treatment.ResultsBoth treatments triggered an intense acute inflammation on day 1, which regressed to baseline values at 3 months. D‐dimer and cystatin C levels did not show sharp increases in SRP + EMD group 24 hr after treatment, compared to SRP. Significant difference between groups was observed for D‐dimer (p < 0.001). EMD application was also associated with better periodontal healing as shown by greater PPD reduction and clinical attachment level gain in sites with PPD ≥ 6 mm, and higher number of cases with no residual PPD ≥ 6 mm (p < 0.05) at 3 months.ConclusionsEMD application after non‐SRP resulted in lower fibrinolysis, and better periodontal healing of deep pockets. These initial observations warrant further investigations on the potential to modulate both local and systemic outcomes of non‐SRP. NCT03544931
Influence of different diagnostic criteria on gestational diabetes mellitus incidence and medical expenditures in China
Authors: He Zonglin , Xie Huatao , Liang Shangqiang , Tang Yuan , Ding Wenjing , Wu Yanxin , Ming Wai‐kit 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAims/IntroductionTo summarize the development of the criteria for diagnosing gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in China, and investigate how different GDM diagnostic criteria influence the national prevalence of GDM, the national health system and the economic burden of GDM in China.Materials and MethodsRetrospectively using data from women undergoing a 2‐h, 75‐g oral glucose tolerance test at 24–28 gestational weeks in the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University (Guangzhou, Guangdong, China) from January 2011 to December 2017, the prevalence rate of GDM and its impacts on the national health system were evaluated using different criteria (the 7th edition textbook criteria, National Diabetes Data Group 1979, World Health Organization 1985, European Association for the Study of Diabetes 1996, Japan 2002, American Diabetes Association [ADA] 2011 [International Association of the Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups], and National Institute for Heath and Care Excellence 2015).ResultsThe incidence rates of GDM based on the ADA 2011 and National Institute for Heath and Care Excellence 2015 were, respectively, 22.94% (P < 0.01) and 21.72% (P < 0.01), over threefold higher than implementing the 7th edition textbook criteria (P < 0.001). On the contrary, the incidence rates of GDM diagnosed with the National Diabetes Data Group 1979 and World Health Organization 1985 guidelines were significantly less than the 7th edition textbook criteria (P < 0.001). From 2001 to 2016, the estimated national cost of treating GDM rose from ¥3.9 billion to ¥27.4 billion after implementing the ADA 2011 guidelines.ConclusionsWith the implementation of ADA 2011 (International Association of the Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups) guidelines, there are fewer adverse perinatal outcomes and cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus in the long term, but the medical costs increased significantly, and the cost‐effectiveness of diagnostic criteria in China is still yet to be confirmed.
Utilization of the validated Psoriasis Epidemiology Screening Tool to identify signs and symptoms of psoriatic arthritis among those with psoriasis: a cross‐sectional analysis from the US‐based Corrona Psoriasis Registry
Authors: Mease P.J. , Palmer J.B. , Hur P. , Strober B.E. , Lebwohl M. , Karki C. , Reed G.W. , Etzel C.J. , Greenberg J.D. , Helliwell P. S. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBackgroundDespite increasing awareness of the disease, rates of undiagnosed psoriatic arthritis (PsA) are high in patients with psoriasis (PsO). The validated Psoriasis Epidemiology Screening Tool (PEST) is a five‐item questionnaire developed to help identify PsA at an early stage.ObjectivesTo assess the risk of possible undiagnosed PsA among patients with PsO and characterize patients based on PEST scores.MethodsThis study included all patients enrolled in the Corrona PsO Registry with data on all five PEST questions. Demographics, clinical characteristics and patient‐reported outcomes were compared in Corrona PsO Registry patients with PEST scores ≥3 and <3 using t‐tests for continuous variables and chi‐squared tests for categorical variables; scores ≥3 may indicate PsA.ResultsOf 1516 patients with PsO, 904 did not have dermatologist‐reported PsA; 112 of these 904 patients (12.4%) scored ≥3 and were significantly older, female, less likely to be working, and had higher BMI than patients with scores <3. They also had significantly longer PsO duration, were more likely to have nail PsO and had worse health status, pain, fatigue, Dermatology Life Quality Index and activity impairment.ConclusionsImproved PsA screening is needed in patients with PsO because the validated PEST identified over one‐tenth of registry patients who were not noted to have PsA as having scores ≥3, who could have had undiagnosed PsA. Appropriate, earlier care is important because these patients were more likely to have nail PsO, worse health‐related quality of life and worse activity impairment.
Neurological disorders are associated with bullous pemphigoid
Authors: Papakonstantinou E. , Limberg M.M. , Gehring M. , Kotnik N. , Kapp A. , Gibbs B.F. , Raap U. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBackgroundBullous pemphigoid (BP) is the most common subepidermal autoimmune blistering disease with an increased incidence particularly among the elderly. Several studies have recently reported an association between BP and neurological disorders.ObjectiveTo evaluate the association between BP and neurological disorders in a single centre in Germany.MethodsWe retrospectively assessed 183 patients with BP (diagnosed between 2011 and 2015) and 348 age‐ and sex‐matched controls for neurological disorders. The latter were confirmed either by a neurologist or psychiatrist.ResultsOverall, there was a highly statistically significant association between BP and neurological disorders (P < 0.0001). These included dementia (P < 0.0001), Parkinson`s disease (P = 0.0434), stroke (P = 0.0015) and other neurological disorders but not Alzheimer's diseases, which was more common among patients in the control group.ConclusionOur cohort of bullous pemphigoid and neurological disorders demonstrates a significant association between bullous pemphigoid and neurological disorders, including dementia, Parkinson's disease and stroke. These observations support the need for future studies in order to elucidate the immunological mechanisms responsible for these comorbidities.