bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
More Similarities Than Differences Testing Insulin Glargine 300 Units/mL Versus Insulin Degludec 100 Units/mL in Insulin-Naive Type 2 Diabetes: The Randomized Head-to-Head BRIGHT Trial
Authors: Rosenstock Julio , Cheng Alice , Ritzel Robert , Bosnyak Zsolt , Devisme Christine , Cali Anna M.G. , Sieber Jochen , Stella Peter , Wang Xiangling , Frías Juan P. , Roussel Ronan , Bolli Geremia B. 
Published: August 2018

OBJECTIVE
To compare insulin glargine 300 units/mL (Gla-300) versus insulin degludec 100 units/mL (IDeg-100) in this first head-to-head randomized controlled trial.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
BRIGHT (NCT02738151) was a multicenter, open-label, active-controlled, two-arm, parallel-group, 24-week, noninferiority study in insulin-naive patients with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes. Participants were randomized 1:1 to evening dosing with Gla-300 (N = 466) or IDeg-100 (N = 463), titrated to fasting self-monitored plasma glucose of 80–100 mg/dL. The primary end point was HbA1c change from baseline to week 24. Safety end points included incidence and event rates of hypoglycemia.

RESULTS
At week 24, HbA1c improved similarly from baseline values of 8.7% (72 mmol/mol) in the Gla-300 group and 8.6% (70 mmol/mol) in the IDeg-100 group to 7.0% (53 mmol/mol)—least squares mean difference −0.05% (95% CI −0.15 to 0.05) (−0.6 mmol/mol [−1.7 to 0.6])—demonstrating noninferiority of Gla-300 versus IDeg-100 (P &lt; 0.0001). Hypoglycemia incidence and event rates over 24 weeks were comparable with both insulins, whereas during the active titration period (0–12 weeks) the incidence and rate of anytime (24-h) confirmed hypoglycemia (≤70 and &lt;54 mg/dL) were lower with Gla-300. Both insulins were properly titrated and exhibited no specific safety concerns.

CONCLUSIONS
Gla-300 and IDeg-100 provided similar glycemic control improvements with relatively low hypoglycemia risk. Hypoglycemia incidence and rates were comparable with both insulins during the full study period but lower in favor of Gla-300 during the titration period. The choice between these longer-acting basal insulins may be determined by factors such as access and cost, alongside clinical considerations.
Pembuatan Tabloid Dinamis Oleh Bagian Humas Setda (Sekretariat Daerah) Kabupaten Ciamis
Authors: Herdiansah Deni , Setianti Yanti 
Published: August 2018

Penulisan artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perencanaan, pelaksanaan dan evaluasi dari pengelolaan Tabloid Dinamis yang dilaksanakan oleh bagian Humas Sekretariat Daerah Kabupaten Ciamis. Metode penulisan yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif dengan teknik pengumpulan data observasi, wawancara dan studi pustaka. Objek penelitian adalah Tabloid Dinamis. Tabloid Dinamis merupakan sebuah media komunikasi internal pemerintahan Kabupaten Ciamis untuk publiknya sebagai penyampai informasi pembangunan Kabupaten Ciamis. Proses pembuatan Tabloid Dinamis dibagi menjadi beberapa tahap, yaitu: tahap sebelum produksi Tabloid Dinamis meliputi perencanaan isi dan rubrikasi, pengumpulan informasi Tabloid Dinamis dan proses desain dan layout. Tahap produksi Tabloid Dinamis meliputi frequency, quantity dan proses percetakan Tabloid Dinamis. Tahapan setelah Produksi Tabloid Dinamis meliputi proses peliputan dan evaluasi. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah Humas Setda (Sekretariat Daerah) Kabupaten Ciamis dalam “Pengelolaan Tabloid Dinamis sudah melakukan tahapan-tahapan pengelolaan media dengan baik yaitu meliputi tahap sebe;um produksi, tahap produksi dan tahap setelah produksi. Saran dalam penelitian ini adalah agar lebih efektif sebaiknya memanfaatkan keadaan yang ada seperti pada saat peliputan acara pasti ada protokoler atau staf dari bagian lain yang hadir, lebih baik bekerjasama dengan staf lain untuk proses peliputan sehingga berita tetap didapatkan meskipun tim peliput tidak ada di lokasi yang sama perlu dibuatnya rubrikasi yang pasti dan baik agar informasi yang disajikan dapat terpilah dan pembaca dapat mencerna dan mencari informasi dengan lebih baik.
Aktivitas Inhibitor Alfa-Amilase Beberapa Tumbuhan Obat Indonesia
Authors: Rijai Akhmad Jaizzur , Suganda Asep Gana , Iskandar Elin Yulinah 
Published: August 2018

Diabetes and its complication was major causes of death in most countries compared HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis and malaria. One approach in the treatment of diabetes is by slowing down the glucose absorption in the gastrointestinal tract, its can be achieved by inhibition of hydrolizing enzymes such as ?-amylase so the absorption of glucose becomes slow. This research aim was to determine the ?-amylase inhibitor activity from aqueous extract from some tradicional medicine plant such as daun insulin (Smallanthus sonchifolius (Poepp.) H.Rob), kembang bulan (Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsl.) Gray), bodhi leaf (Ficus religiosa L.), and Mahogany seeds (Swietenia mahagoni (L.) Jacq.). Extraction was done by reflux method using aquadest as a solvent. Extracts were obtained by freeze drying and tested for ?-amylase inhibitory activities. The IC50 value of daun insulin (EADI), kembang bulan leaf (EADKB), bodhi leaf (EADB) mahogany seeds (EABM) aqueous extract and acarbose as reference were 282,53; 473,85; 423,01; 220,91; and 3,42 ?g / mL, respectively.

Keywords: alfa-amylase, traditional medicine plant, diabetes, IC50 and aqueous extract.
Hubungan Antara Ph Plak Terhadap Terjadinya Early Childhood Caries (Ecc) pada Daerah Endemik Gizi Buruk
Authors: P Pindobilowo , Setiawati Febriana , Darwita Riska Rina 
Published: August 2018

<p><strong><em>Latar Belakang:</em></strong><em> Salah satu tindakan pencegahan Early Childhood Caries (ECC) adalah menjaga pola makan yaitu dengan membatasi makanan keriogenik, menjaga frekuensi makan, dan selalu menjaga kesehatan gigi dan mulut, karena dengan mengontrol pola makan dan menjaga kesehatan gigi dan mulut maka pH plak dapat terkontrol sehingga gigi akan terhindar terhadap karies, serta di dukung oleh perbaikan status gizi anak dan peran ibu dalam mencukupi gizi selama masa kehamilan. <strong>Tujuan:</strong> Untuk menganalisa hubungan pH plak terhadap terjadinya ECC pada daerah endemik status gizi buruk. <strong>Bahan dan Metode:</strong> Cross sectional pada 287 anak usia 6-48 bulan pada daerah endemik gizi buruk di Kecamatan x tahun 2013, wawancara pada ibu dan pemeriksaan intraoral pada anak, metode sampling multistage cluster random sampling. <strong>Hasil:</strong> Proporsi ECC terbanyak terdapat pada pH plak 6,5-6,9 sebanyak 79,2% dengan nilai p=0,000 (p&lt;0,005) dan merupakan salah satu prediktor yang baik terhadap terjadinya ECC. <strong>Simpulan:</strong> Terdapat hubungan yang bermakna pH plak terhadap terjadinya ECC, variabel ini sesuai dengan pencegahan terjadinya ECC karena termasuk dalam model prediktor ECC , besar variasi model ini 56,9% dengan akurasi prediksi 81,9%.</em></p>
Pengaruh Kafein Terhadap Ekspresi RANKL dan Jumlah Osteoklas Pada Pergerakan Gigi Ortodonti
Authors: H Herniyati 
Published: August 2018

<p><strong><em>Latar belakang:</em></strong><em> </em><em>Pergerakan gigi ortodonti tergantung pada remodeling tulang yang melibatkan osteoklas dan osteoblas. </em><em>RANKL memiliki peran penting pada osteoklastogenesis dan meningkat selama pergerakan gigi ortodonti. K</em><em>afein</em><em> yang terkandung </em><em>dalam minuman kopi teh, dan minuman berkarbonasi </em><em>dapat meningkatkan osteoklastogenesis. </em><strong><em>Tujuan:</em></strong><em> </em><em>untuk </em><em>menganalisis efek pemberian kafein terhadap ekspresi RANKL dan jumlah osteoklas pada pergerakan gigi ortodonti. <strong>Bahan dan </strong></em><strong><em>M</em></strong><strong><em>etod</em></strong><strong><em>e:</em></strong><em> Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah eksperimental laboratoris, 16 tikus wistar dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok, yaitu kelompok K: tikus diberikan gaya mekanis ortodonti (GMO) dan kelompok P: tikus diberikan GMO dan kafein sebesar 1,37mg / 100g BB dua kali sehari pagi dan sore. GMO pada tikus dilakukan dengan cara pada gigi molar-1( M-1) rahang atas (RA) kanan dan pada kedua gigi insivus RA diberi kawat ligatur dengan diameter 0,20 mm. Kemudian M-1 RA kanan digerakkan ke mesial dengan Niti closed coil spring. Pengamatan dilakukan pada hari ke 15 dengan pemeriksaan histologi untuk menghitung jumlah osteoklas dan pemeriksaan imunohistokimia untuk menentukan ekspresi RANKL. <strong>Hasil:</strong> Pemberian kafein meningkatkan jumlah osteoklas pada daerah tekanan dan daerah tarikan (p &lt;0,05). Jumlah osteoklas pada daerah tekanan lebih besar daripada daerah tarikan (p &lt;0,05). Pemberian kafein meningkatkan ekspresi RANKL pada daerah tekanan dan daerah tarikan (p &lt;0,05). Ekspresi RANKL pada daerah tekanan lebih besar daripada daerah tarikan (p &lt;0,05).</em><strong><em> Si</em></strong><strong><em>mpulan:</em></strong><em> Pemberian kafein meningkatkan ekspresi RANKL dan jumlah osteoklas pada pergerakan gigi ortodonti, sehingga dapat menjadi alternatif mempercepat perawatan ortodonti.</em></p>
Perbandingan Hasil Penilaian Ketebalan Korteks Dengan Menggunakan Mental Index Pada Pasien Wanita Berdasarkan Kelompok Umur 30-70 Tahun Di RSGM FKG UHT
Authors: Putra Edward Perdana , Sarianoferni S , Wahjuningsih Endah 
Published: August 2018

<strong>Latar Belakang:</strong> Resiko osteoporosis dapat terdeteksi melalui parameter lebar kortikal mandibula dan porositas yang dapat dilihat pada radiografi panoramik. Pengukuran dengan menggunakan radiografi panoramik dalam menilai kualitas tulang dan mengobservasi tanda dari resorpsi dan osteoporosis salah satunya dengan menggunakan <em>Mental Index</em>. <em>Mental Index </em>merupakan perhitungan rata-rata lebar korteks dibawah <em>foramen mentale</em> karena korteks mandibula yang tipis dikorelasikan dengan penurunan densitas tulang. <strong>Tujuan:</strong> Untuk membandingkan hasil penilaian ketebalan korteks dengan menggunakan <em>Mental Index</em> pada pasien wanita berdasarkan kelompok umur 30 – 70 tahun di RSGM FKG Universitas Hang Tuah Surabaya. <strong>Bahan dan Metode: </strong>Penelitian ini menggunakan radiografi panoramik pasien wanita umur 30-70 tahun dengan menggunakan radiomorfometri <em>Mental Index</em><em> </em>untuk menilai ketebalan korteks mandibula secara manual dengan menggunakan kaliper digital (ketelitian 0,01mm)<em>. </em><strong>Hasil: </strong>Berdasarkan<strong> </strong>uji <em>One Way ANOVA </em>diperoleh nilai p=0.000 yang berarti terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna dari hasil penilaian ketebalan korteks antar kelompok umur menggunakan <em>Mental Index </em>berdasarkan radiografi panoramik pasien wanita berumur 30-70 tahun di RSGM FKG Universitas Hang Tuah Surabaya. <strong>Kesimpulan:</strong> Penilaian ketebalan korteks dengan menggunakan <em>Mental Index</em> pada pasien wanita mengalami penurunan pada kelompok umur 56-70 tahun yang dibandingkan dengan tiga kelompok umur sebelumnya yaitu kelompok umur 30-35 tahun, 36-45 tahun dan 46-55 tahun dan sebanyak 11 radiografi panoramik atau 12% dari total 93 radiografi panoramik yang terdeteksi osteoporosis berdasarkan <em>Mental Index</em>
Dioscorea dumetorum-Fed Rats Exhibited Decreased Body Weight, Blood Glucose, and Insulin in STZ-induced Diabetes
Authors: Ogbunugafor Henrietta Aritetsoma , Ilodigwe Emmanuel Emeka , Ajaghaku Daniel Lotanna , Ezekwesili Chinwe Nonyelum , Okafor Chike Samuel , Ajuzieogu Chidinma Felicia , Madunatum Shedrack Uche 
Published: August 2018

Background: Preventive measures that could slow down the rising incidences of diabetes mellitus are essential. The use of neglected local foods, which have effects on this chronic disease beyond basic nutrition as dietary controls, is desirable.Objective: The effect of Dioscorea dumetorum (Kunth) Pax (Dioscoreaceae) feed on satiety, weight, blood glucose, and insulin levels were investigated in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.Methods: Twenty adult male rats in four groups of five were used for the experiment. Three groups – D. dumetorum, glibenclamide, and standard pellet-fed rats were induced with diabetes by i.p. administration of 50mg kg-1 streptozotocin, while the fouth group (?) served as a non-diabetic control. D. dumetorum was fed at 15g daily for ten days before induction, and after induction, feeding continued. Glibenclamide was orally administered 5mg kg-1 daily. Both the untreated and non-diabetic rats were kept on standard rat pellets. Feed intake, weight, and blood glucose concentration were monitored daily, while insulin level was measured on day two and day six after inductions. Results: Average feed intake for non-diabetic rats was 15g for D. dumetorum per day, which dropped to 10.3g after induction of diabetes. Weight of normal non-diabetic rats consistently increased (142.61 ± 4.37g – 169.43 ± 8.61g) for the duration (17 days) of the experiment. The D. dumetorum-fed rats showed weight reduction of 5.4%, glibenclamide 4.0%, and untreated diabetic 6.15%. Non-diabetic rats blood glucose levels ranged between 70 to 100mg dL-1. Streptozotocin (STZ) (i.p.) administration increased blood glucose levels from 370% to 626% in the rats. D. dumetorum-fed rats showed reduced (p<0.05) blood glucose levels of 22.6%. Glibenclamide had 5.5% reduction (p<0.05). Insulin was absent in D. dumetorum-fed rats, whereas 0.95ng ml-1 of insulin was detected in glibenclamide-administered rats. These quantities were lower (p<0.001) than 1.40ng ml-1 in the non-diabetic rats. Conclusion: This study revealed that D. dumetorum tuber caused decreased hunger, weight reduction, and displayed hypoglycemic property in diabetic rats, even after heat treatment. Its probable mechanism of anti-hyperglycemic activity might not be through increased insulin secretion.Key words: D. dumetorum, streptozotocin-induced diabetes, weight, blood glucose, insulin.
Stakeholders’ views on identifying patients in primary care at risk of dying: a qualitative descriptive study using focus groups and interviews
Authors: Urquhart Robin , Kotecha Jyoti , Kendell Cynthia , Martin Mary , Han Han , Lawson Beverley , Tschupruk Cheryl , Marshall Emily Gard , Bennett Carol , Burge Fred 
Published: August 2018

BackgroundStrategies have been developed for use in primary care to identify patients at risk of declining health and dying, yet little is known about the perceptions of doing so or the broader implications and impacts.AimTo explore the acceptability and implications of using a primary care-based electronic medical record algorithm to help providers identify patients in their practice at risk of declining health and dying.Design and settingQualitative descriptive study in Ontario and Nova Scotia, Canada.MethodSix focus groups were conducted, supplemented by one-on-one interviews, with 29 healthcare providers, managers, and policymakers in primary care, palliative care, and geriatric care. Participants were purposively sampled to achieve maximal variation. Data were analysed using a constant comparative approach.ResultsSix themes were prevalent across the dataset: early identification is aligned with the values, aims, and positioning of primary care; providers have concerns about what to do after identification; how we communicate about the end of life requires change; early identification and subsequent conversations require an integrated team approach; for patients, early identification will have implications beyond medical care; and a public health approach is needed to optimise early identification and its impact.ConclusionStakeholders were much more concerned with how primary care providers would navigate the post-identification period than with early identification itself. Implications of early identification include the need for a team-based approach to identification and to engage broader communities to ensure people live and die well post-identification.
Optical and Infrared Photometry of the nearby SN 2017cbv
Authors: Wee Jerrick , Chakraborty Nilotpal , Wang Jiayun , Penprase Bryan Edward 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
On 2017 March 11, the DLT40 Transient Discovery Survey discovered SN 2017cbv in NGC 5643, a Type 2 Seyfert Galaxy in the Lupus Constellation. SN 2017cbv went on to become a bright Type Ia supernova, with a V
max of 11.51 ± 0.05 mag. We present early time optical and infrared photometry of SN 2017cbv covering the rise and fall of over 68 days. We find that SN 2017cbv has a broad light curve Δm
15(B) = 0.88 ± 0.07, a B-band maximum at 2457,840.97 ± 0.43, a negligible host galaxy reddening where E(B − V)host ≈ 0, and a distance modulus of 30.49 ± 0.32 to the SN, corresponding to a distance of

Mpc. We also present the results of two different numerical models we used for analysis in this paper: SALT2, an empirical model for Type Ia supernova optical light curves that accounts for variability components; and SNooPy, the CSP-II light-curve model that covers both optical and near-infrared wavelengths and is used for distance estimates.
Carbon Chain Molecules toward Embedded Low-mass Protostars∗
Authors: Law Charles J. , Öberg Karin I. , Bergner Jennifer B. , Graninger Dawn 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Carbon chain molecules may be an important reservoir of reactive organics during star and planet formation. Carbon chains have been observed toward several low-mass young stellar objects (YSOs), but their typical abundances and chemical relationships in such sources are largely unconstrained. We present a carbon chain survey toward 16 deeply embedded (Class 0/I) low-mass protostars made with the IRAM 30 m telescope. Carbon chains are found to be common at this stage of protostellar evolution. We detect CCS, CCCS, HC3N, HC5N, l-C3H, and C4H toward 88%, 38%, 75%, 31%, 81%, and 88% of sources, respectively. Derived column densities for each molecule vary by one to two orders of magnitude across the sample. As derived from survival analysis, median column densities range between 1.2 × 1011 cm−2 (CCCS) and 1.5 × 1013 cm−2 (C4H), and estimated fractional abundances with respect to hydrogen range between 2 × 10−13 (CCCS) and 5 × 10−11 (C4H), which are low compared to cold cloud cores, warm carbon chain chemistry (WCCC) sources, and protostellar model predictions. We find significant correlations between molecules of the same carbon chain families, as well as between the cyanopolyynes (HCnN) and the pure hydrocarbon chains (CnH). This latter correlation is explained by a closely related production chemistry of CnH and cyanopolyynes during low-mass star formation.
Smoke and Mirrors: Signal-to-noise Ratio and Time-reversed Structures in Gamma-Ray Burst Pulse Light Curves
Authors: Hakkila Jon , Lesage Stephen , McAfee Stanley , Hofesmann Eric , Taylor Corinne Maly , Cannon Thomas 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
We demonstrate that the “smoke” of limited instrumental sensitivity smears out structure in gamma-ray burst (GRB) pulse light curves, giving each a triple-peaked appearance at moderate signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) and a simple monotonic appearance at low S/N. We minimize this effect by studying six very bright GRB pulses (S/N generally >100), discovering surprisingly that each exhibits complex time-reversible wavelike residual structures. These “mirrored” wavelike structures can have large amplitudes, occur on short timescales, begin/end long before/after the onset of the monotonic pulse component, and have pulse spectra that generally evolve hard to soft, rehardening at the time of each structural peak. Among other insights, these observations help explain the existence of negative pulse spectral lags and allow us to conclude that GRB pulses are less common, more complex, and have longer durations than previously thought. Because structured emission mechanisms that can operate forward and backward in time seem unlikely, we look to kinematic behaviors to explain the time-reversed light-curve structures. We conclude that each GRB pulse involves a single impactor interacting with an independent medium. Either the material is distributed in a bilaterally symmetric fashion, the impactor is structured in a bilaterally symmetric fashion, or the impactor’s motion is reversed such that it returns along its original path of motion. The wavelike structure of the time-reversible component suggests that radiation is being both produced and absorbed/deflected dramatically, repeatedly, and abruptly relative to the emission of the monotonic component.
Identification and Evaluation of Potential Land Resources to Support the Development of Agricultural Commodities for Food Crops Zone
Authors: Prasetya Nurdiyanto Agung , Hikmatullah . , Asisah . , Saleh Muhamad Buce , Tarigan Suria Darma 
Published: August 2018

To support the goverment purpose to reach the food security, a land use study is needed. The aim of the research was to provide an information of characteristics of land resources through the identification and evaluation of potential landresources and that suitable for food crops in Mamuju District South Sulawesi. The research method used landscape approach to mapping land units as the basis for preparing the soil map unit/DEM compared with field data survey. A case study was done in Mamuju District, West Sulawesi the results showed that the land in Mamuju for paddy covering was suitable enough of 115,250 ha and 54,883 ha of marginal fit, while for dryland crops were 106 978 ha was quite suitable and appropriate marginal was 82,592 ha. However, for cocoa fit enough land was 153,397 ha and corresponding marginal was 485,743 ha. Biophysical constraints were the erosion of land use/steep slopes, drainage, seasonal flooding, toxicity and nutrient retention. Direction of land use for agriculture in Mamuju for Rice crop area was 49,345 ha (6.23%), food crops rice and dry land was 10,680 ha (1.35%), dryland crops/crops was 101,785 ha (12.85%), perennial/Cocoa was 90,488 ha (11.42%), and conservation land was 532,245 ha (67.18%).Keywords : Cland crops, land identification, soil evaluation [How to Cite: Nurdiyanto AP, Hikmatullah, Asisah, MB Saleh, and SD Tarigan. 2014. Identification and Evaluation of Potential Land Resources to Support the Development of Agricultural Commodities for Food Crops Zone. J Trop Soils 19: 53-61. Doi: 10.5400/jts.2014.19.1.53]
As teses narrativistas na linhagem anglo-americana da teoria da história
Authors: Campos Gonçalves Sérgio 
Published: August 2018

Com vistas a contribuir para uma maior familiaridade com a linhagem anglófona da teoria da história, este artigo oferece uma exegese do exame narrativista realizado no pensamento historiográfico anglo-americano a partir de meados do século XX, por meio de obras que apresentaram alguns dos questionamentos seminais da filosofia analítica relacionados ao significado dos enunciados e aos esquemas conceituais e lógicos da história. Não se trata, contudo, de propor uma arqueologia da filosofia analítica da história nem de tentar percorrer o itinerário do debate sobre a filosofia da linguagem desde o Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus de Wittgenstein. Busca-se, mais precisamente, oferecer uma apresentação breve de alguns debates teóricos que antecederam o que se convencionou denominar linguistic turn, enumerando as linhas gerais de seus autores e argumentos determinantes, com o objetivo de ajudar a tornar a tradição anglófona do pensamento teórico acerca da história mais familiarizada no Brasil. Para isso, descreve-se o contexto e a distinção da teoria da história de linhagem anglófona e da teoria da história da linhagem francófona, para, em seguida, explicar como a crítica à tese de Carl Gustav Hempel ajudou a promover reflexões que redundaram nas teses narrativistas que precederam as obras de Louis Mink e de Hayden White. Demonstra-se, assim, a existência de um interesse progressivo de filósofos analíticos pela teoria da história e, como resultado da consolidação de tal interesse, o estabelecimento de um contexto propício ao florescimento das teses narrativistas. Palavras-chave: Teoria da História. Filosofia Analítica. Narrativismo. Virada Linguística.