bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CHEERS Results from NGC 3393. III. Chandra X-Ray Spectroscopy of the Narrow Line Region
Authors: Maksym W. Peter , Fabbiano Giuseppina , Elvis Martin , Karovska Margarita , Paggi Alessandro , Raymond John , Wang Junfeng , Storchi-Bergmann Thaisa , Risaliti Guido 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
We present spatially resolved Chandra narrow-band imaging and imaging spectroscopy of NGC 3393. This galaxy hosts a Compton-thick Seyfert 2 active galactic nucleus (AGN) with sub-kpc bipolar outflows that are strongly interacting with the circumnuclear gas. We identify narrow-band excess emission associated with the Ne ix 0.905 keV transition (with likely contributions due to intermediate-state iron emission) that points to strong shocks driven by AGN feedback. Imaging spectroscopy resolves outflow-interstellar medium (ISM) interaction sites and the surrounding ISM at ∼100 pc scales, and suggests the presence of a hot AGN wind above the plane at radii beyond the shock sites. The cross-cone shows evidence for reprocessing of photoionization that has passed through gaps in the torus, and also for collisionally excited plasma that may be powered by a shock-confined equatorial outflow. Deep X-ray observations at subarcsecond resolution (such as may be performed very efficiently by Lynx, which would also energetically resolve the complex line emission) are necessary to eliminate model degeneracies and reduce uncertainties in local feedback properties.
The Planet Formation Potential around a 45 Myr Old Accreting M Dwarf
Authors: Flaherty Kevin , Hughes A. Meredith , Mamajek Eric E. , Murphy Simon J. 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Debris disk detections around M dwarfs are rare, and so far no gas emission has been detected from an M dwarf debris disk. This makes the 45 Myr old M dwarf WISE J080822.18-644357.3 a bit of a curiosity; it has a strong infrared excess at an age beyond the lifetime of a typical planet-forming disk, and also exhibits broad Hα emission consistent with active accretion from a gaseous disk. To better understand the cold gas and dust properties of this system, we obtained ALMA observations of the 1.3 mm continuum and the CO/13CO/C18O J = 2–1 emission lines. No cold CO gas is detected from this system, ruling out a gas-rich protoplanetary disk. Unresolved dust continuum emission is detected at a flux of 198 ± 15 μJy, consistent with 0.057 ± 0.006 M
⊕ worth of optically thin dust, and consistent with being generated through a collisional cascade induced by large bodies at radii <16 au. With a sufficiently strong stellar wind, dust grains released in the outer disk can migrate inward via PR drag, potentially serving as a source of grains for the strong infrared excess.
Quiescent Galaxy Size and Spectroscopic Evolution: Combining HSC Imaging and Hectospec Spectroscopy
Authors: Damjanov Ivana , Zahid H. Jabran , Geller Margaret J. , Utsumi Yousuke , Sohn Jubee , Souchereau Harrison 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
We explore the relationships between size, stellar mass, and average stellar population age (indicated by D

n
4000 indices) for a sample of ∼11,000 intermediate-redshift galaxies from the SHELS spectroscopic survey (Geller et al. 2014) augmented by high-resolution Subaru Telescope Hyper Suprime-Cam imaging. In the redshift interval 0.1 < z < 0.6, star-forming galaxies are on average larger than their quiescent counterparts. The mass-complete sample of ∼3500

quiescent galaxies shows that the average size of a

quiescent galaxy increases by ≲25% from z ∼ 0.6 to z ∼ 0.1. This growth rate is a function of stellar mass: the most massive (

) galaxies grow significantly more slowly in size than quiescent systems an order of magnitude less massive that grow by 70% in the 0.1 ≲ z ≲ 0.3 redshift interval. For

galaxies, age and size are anticorrelated at fixed mass; more massive quiescent systems show no significant trend in size with average stellar population age. The evolution in absolute and fractional abundances of quiescent systems at intermediate redshift are also a function of galaxy stellar mass. The suite of evolutionary trends suggests that galaxies more massive than

have mostly assembled their mass by z ∼ 0.6. Quiescent galaxies with lower stellar masses show more complex evolution that is characterized by a combination of individual quiescent galaxy size growth (through mergers) and an increase in the size of newly quenched galaxies joining the population at later times (progenitor bias). The low-mass population (

) grows predominantly as a result of progenitor bias. For more massive (

) quiescent galaxies, (predominantly minor) mergers and progenitor bias make more comparable contributions to the size growth. At intermediate redshift, quiescent size growth is mass-dependent; the most massive (

) galaxies experience the least rapid increase in size from z ∼ 0.6 to z ∼ 0.1.
A Hydrogen-poor Superluminous Supernova with Enhanced Iron-group Absorption: A New Link between SLSNe and Broad-lined Type Ic SNe
Authors: Blanchard P. K. , Nicholl M. , Berger E. , Chornock R. , Milisavljevic D. , Margutti R. , Gomez S. 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
We present optical observations of the Type I superluminous supernova (SLSN-I) SN 2017dwh at z ≈ 0.13, which reached M

i
≈ −21 mag at peak. Spectra taken a few days after peak show an unusual and strong absorption line centered near 3200 Å that we identify with Co ii, suggesting a high fraction of synthesized 56Ni in the ejecta. By ∼1 month after peak, SN 2017dwh became much redder than other SLSNe-I, instead strongly resembling broad-lined Type Ic supernovae (Ic-BL SNe) with clear suppression of the flux redward of ∼5000 Å, providing further evidence for a high mass of Fe-group elements. Late-time upper limits indicate a 56Ni mass of ≲0.6 M
⊙, leaving open the possibility that SN 2017dwh produced a 56Ni mass comparable to SN 1998bw (≈0.4 M
⊙). Fitting the light curve with a combined magnetar and 56Ni model using MOSFiT, we find that the light curve can easily accommodate such masses without affecting the inferred magnetar parameters. We also find that SN 2017dwh occurred in the least-luminous detected host galaxy to date for an SLSN-I, with M

B
= −13.5 mag and an implied metallicity of Z ∼ 0.08 Z
⊙. The spectral properties of SN 2017dwh provide new evidence linking SLSNe-I with Type Ic-BL SNe, and in particular, the high Fe-group abundance may be due to enhanced 56Ni production or mixing due to asphericity. Finally, we find that SN 2017dwh represents the most extreme end of a correlation between continuum shape and Co ii absorption strength in the near-peak spectra of SLSNe-I, indicating that Fe-group abundance likely accounts for some of the variation in their spectral shapes.
Suprathermal Ion Backgrounds of Solar Energetic Particle Events
Authors: Kahler S. W. , Ling A. G. 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Gradual solar energetic particle (SEP) events result from the acceleration of low-energy suprathermal seed particles to high (E > 10 MeV nuc−1) energies by shocks driven by coronal mass ejections (CMEs). Several studies suggest connections between suprathermal particles measured in situ at 1 au and the seed particles accelerated near the Sun to E > 10 MeV. We correlate E > 10 MeV SEP event peak intensities (Ip) with suprathermal H and He intensities at each of two energies averaged over four periods around the SEP onsets in the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite spacecraft during the period of 1998–2016. The 201 SEP events are sorted into four groups by their associated solar source longitudes and are further separated between events in transient CMEs and in normal solar wind (SW). The mean Ip in CME SW that is larger than in normal SW that was found earlier is confirmed. The suprathermals significantly correlate (correlation coefficients CCs ≈ 0.4–0.6) with the SEP Ip from the 0° to W40° range, but only weakly (CC ≈ 0.0–0.3) with SEP events from the well-connected W41° to W83° range. Eastern hemisphere SEP intensities are uncorrelated (CC ≃ 0.0) with suprathermals in normal SW but are well correlated (CC ≈ 0.4–0.7) for those in transient CME SW, which we interpret with a simple model involving perpendicular shock acceleration of the suprathermals. The in situ B field magnitude shows no correlation with SEP intensities for any longitude range or timescale. These results confirm that tracking suprathermal intensities at 1 au can be useful in forecasting the Ip of SEP events.
Measuring the Circumgalactic and Intergalactic Baryon Contents with Fast Radio Bursts
Authors: Ravi Vikram 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Over 80% of the cosmic baryon density is likely to be distributed in the diffuse, ≳104 K circumgalactic and intergalactic medium (CGM and IGM, respectively). We demonstrate that the dispersion measures (DMs) of samples of localized fast radio bursts (FRBs) can be used to measure the distribution of baryons between the CGM and IGM. We propose to separate the CGM and IGM contributions to FRB DMs by including redshift and mass measurements of intervening galaxies. Using simulated samples of FRB sight lines through intervening galaxy halos and an illustrative model for the CGM, and including realistic observational uncertainties, we show that small samples (O(101)–O(102)) of localized FRBs are sensitive to the presence of CGM gas. The fractions of baryons in the CGM and IGM can be accurately estimated with a few tens of FRBs at z < 1, with uncertainties of ∼10% with N = 10 FRBs that decline as N
−1/2. The characteristic radial density profiles of CGM halos may also be possible to constrain with larger FRB samples. The required samples of localized FRBs are expected to be assembled in the coming few years by instruments such as the Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder, the Deep Synoptic Array, MeerKAT, UTMOST-2D, and the Very Large Array.
A Fan Spine Jet: Nonradial Filament Eruption and the Plasmoid Formation
Authors: Li Haidong , Yang Jiayan 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Using the data from SDO and NVST, we studied a circular filament eruption in association with the formation of jet under a nonaxisymmetric fan spine configuration. A nonradial motion of the filament toward a null point and the formation of a jet were presented in detail. This event contained a small circular filament, which was located above the polarity inversion line. The nonlinear force-free field extrapolation shows the presence of a nonaxisymmetric fan spine structure above the filament. Thus, the filament was confined by this magnetic field structure. Since the confining magnetic pressure decreases much faster toward the null point than anywhere else, the filament displayed a shift motion toward the null point that resulted in a collision, and a reconnection signature of bidirectional flows was observed. Due to the external magnetic reconnection, the topology of the filament field was reconfigured, accompanying by the scattered filament material spreading along nearby coronal loops, which resulted in a blowout jet. Particularly, some ejected plasma blobs were also observed in the vicinity of the interfaces between the filament and neighboring coronal loops. These blobs originating from the dissipation region may be plasmoids in association with tearing mode instability. We suggested that in pre-jet phase the nonaxisymmetric fan spine configuration can act on the erupting filament, laterally deflecting and channeling its motion toward the null point, which may facilitate the jet formation by magnetic reconnection.
Spectroscopic Detection of a Cusp of Late-type Stars around the Central Black Hole in the Milky Way
Authors: Habibi M. , Gillessen S. , Pfuhl O. , Eisenhauer F. , Plewa P. M. , von Fellenberg S. , Widmann F. , Ott T. , Gao F. , Waisberg I. , Bauböck M. , Jimenez-Rosales A. , Dexter J. , de Zeeuw P. T. , Genzel R. 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
In a dynamically relaxed cluster around a massive black hole a dense stellar cusp of old stars is expected to form. Previous observations showed a relative paucity of red giant stars within the central 0.5 pc in the Galactic Center. By co-adding spectroscopic observations taken over a decade, we identify new late-type stars, including the first five warm giants (G2-G8III), within the central 1 arcsec2 (0.04 × 0.04 pc2) of the Galaxy. Our findings increase the number of late-type stars to 21, of which we present deep spectra for 16. The updated star count, based on individual spectral classification, is used to reconstruct the surface density profile of giant stars. Our study, for the first time, finds a cusp in the surface number density of the spectroscopically identified old (>3 Gyr) giants population (m

K
< 17) within 0.02–0.4 pc described by a single power law with an exponent Γ = 0.34 ± 0.04.
Le prélèvement à la source, ou la bataille de Bercy
Authors: Legendre Raphaël 
Published: February 2019

Appliqué de 1940 à 1948 en France, le prélèvement à la source fait son grand retour dans l’Hexagone. Les trois années de travaux préparatoires qui ont été nécessaires au lancement de ce chantier pharaonique – trente-huit millions de foyers fiscaux sont concernés – ont été le théâtre de tractations et de luttes de pouvoir intenses entre l’administration, le gouvernement et les entreprises, désormais collectrices de l’impôt contre leur gré. Des luttes telles que le président de la République a lui-même failli annuler la réforme quelques mois seulement avant son lancement. Un épisode inédit, qui a levé le voile sur les relations ambiguës qu’entretiennent au sommet de l’État haute administration publique et pouvoir élu.
Savoir, c’est pouvoir
Authors: de Montchalin Amélie 
Published: February 2019

Visiblement déséquilibrée et technique, la relation entre les députés et Bercy dissimule un enjeu d’influence plus profondément politique : l’information. Alors que certains facteurs institutionnels, politiques et culturels limitent considérablement les moyens à disposition des élus de la nation en matière d’accès aux données d’intérêt public et d’évaluation économique et financière, un consensus transpartisan émerge sur l’opportunité de mettre en place un « office d’évaluation des politiques publiques » rattaché à la présidence de l’Assemblée nationale. Avec ce nouvel outil d’autonomie et de responsabilité, la relation entre les députés et Bercy pourra enfin passer d’un face-à-face inquiet à un authentique dialogue ouvert, éclairé et constructif. À travers ce débat se joue non pas tant un enjeu technique qu’un véritable combat démocratique.
Questioning the Anthropocene: A Critical Assessment of the Age of Humankind
Authors: Germain Gil 
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACT
The Anthropocene denotes the Earth’s entry into the age of humankind. A growing chorus of expert opinion now claims the fate of “the Earth system” lies squarely in human hands. Acknowledging the scale of human agency and its impact upon environmental processes, this article questions the largely unthought assumptions that facilitate the view that our species constitutes the determining factor regarding the planet’s fate. The central premise examined here underpins the technological worldview, the perception of reality that fuels the project of mastering nature. This reading of reality posits that nature is conquerable. Its guiding assumption is that the judicious application of increasingly sophisticated forms of technological know-how can yield a world reworked in ways that have reality conform fully to our designs for it. Using Jean Baudrillard’s thoughts on technology as inspiration and guide, the technological imaginary—inspired by dreams of an “integral reality”—is exposed as founded on a profound misreading of the nature of the real. An alternative reading of reality is proffered that holds that the world is not constituted in a way that permits its perfectibility. This counterinterpretation suggests that we ought to reinterpret humanism in a way that acknowledges the limits of the enterprise to remake reality in humanity’s own image. Relinquishing the self-imposed demand to realize the future we wish for, it is concluded, is the surest way to regain the equilibrium we have lost with our entry into the Anthropocene.
Posthumanism and Miss Representation: Scarlett Johansson Is Getting Under the Skin of Men
Authors: Matthews Malcolm 
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACT
Four recent Scarlett Johansson films—Under the Skin, Her, Lucy, and Ghost in the Machine—work in tandem as a subversive, reactionary form of phallocentrism both disguised as and in repudiation of a posthuman ontology that heralds the obsolescence of man. These films, far from being feminist manifestos, are, upon closer examination, a male reaction to the perceived existential threat posed by posthumanism to masculinity, itself. Central to what Rosi Braidotti refers to as the “posthuman predicament” is Scarlett Johansson, whom I will address, not as a singular entity, but as a multiplicity that manifests simultaneously as a flesh-and-blood human being, as a Hollywood actor and icon, as a twenty-first-century female prototype, and, ultimately, as a rhetorical cultural construct. With her come-hither looks, husky voice, voluptuous figure, versatility, and social and political activism, Scarlett Johansson the actor presents as the ultimate liberated woman; Scarlett Johansson the cultural construct, however, performs a much different function. Informed by Johansson’s public persona and embedded in Johansson’s four characters and the fictional worlds they inhabit is an unsubtle threat to notions of male supremacy both implicit and historically manifest under the umbrella of humanism. Whether immolated, unplugged and decommissioned, vanished into the ether as a techno-consciousness, or digitally dissolved, Scarlett Johansson’s characters in these films personify man’s anxiety about the extinction of his humanist self.
Transhumanist Parties as Niche Parties
Authors: Szabados Krisztian 
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACT
Political parties advocating transhumanist ideas have recently sprung up in a great number of countries, supported by rapid technological and scientific progress. This article examines whether any of the various frameworks of niche party theory can adequately describe transhumanist parties. It is discussed how the nicheness of transhumanist parties can be conceptualized. After determining the common set of issues that ideologically diverse transhumanist political organizations accentuate, this article conducts a qualitative analysis to justify the “proto-nicheness” of transhumanist parties within the spatial and salience theories. Two new accounts will be put forward based on Bischof’s consumer market analogy and Hughes’s three-dimensional conceptualization of contemporary politics.
EFFECTS OF SUBSTRATE AND WATER AVAILABILITY ON THE INITIAL GROWTH OF Alibertia edulis RICH.
Authors: Jeromini Tatiane Sanches , Mota Leandro Henrique de Sousa , Scalon Silvana De Paula Quintão , Dresch Daiane Mugnol , Scalon Lourenço Quintão 
Published: February 2019

Alibertia edulis Rich. is a native species of the Brazilian Cerrado and can be used for reforestation of degraded areas. In addition, it produces edible fruits. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of substrates and water levels on the emergence, initial growth, and quality of seedling of A. edulis. The substrates tested were: latosol (L), latosol + sand (L + S = 1:1), latosol + sand + chicken manure (L + S1 + CM = 1:1:0,5), latosol + sand + chicken manure (L + S2 + CM = 1:2:0,5), and latosol + commercial substrate (L + C = 1:1); and the water retention capacities (WRC) tested were: 25, 50, 75, and 100%. The experiment was carried through in a completely randomized design and subdivided into a plot scheme, in which the plots represented water availability and the subplots represented the substrates. Latosol + commercial substrate at 100% of WRC provided the best conditions for emergence, initial growth and formation of seedlings of A. edulis. Sowing in the substrate Dystroferric Red Latosol isolated at 25% of WRC should not be used for the formation of seedlings of this species.
GROWTH AND PHYSIOLOGICAL ATTRIBUTES OF Cordia trichotoma SEEDLINGS IN RESPONSE TO FERTILIZATION WITH PHOSPHORUS AND POTASSIUM
Authors: Pasquetti Berghetti Álvaro Luís , Machado Araujo Maristela , Almeri Tabaldi Luciane , Guarienti Rorato Daniele , Carpenedo Aimi Suelen , Gomes de Fárias Júlia 
Published: February 2019

The cultivation of native tree species of economic and environmental interest, such as Cordia trichotoma, still depends on nutritional information. This study aimed to identify the effect of phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) application on the growth and photosynthetic activity of seedlings of Cordia trichotoma. In a greenhouse, ten treatments were tested considering three levels of P (150, 300, and 450 mg dm-3), three of K (50, 100, and 150 mg dm-3) and a control sample (with no fertilization). Pots filled with Red Argisol were used. At 180 days after prick, the following variables were evaluated: shoot height, stem diameter, area dry matter, root dry weight, leaf area, chlorophyll a fluorescence and photosynthetic pigments. The supplementation with P and K promoted increased growth and photosynthetic capacity of the seedlings. The treatment with 450 mg dm-3 of P and 50 mg dm-3 of K provided the highest growth and the best use of the light energy by the photosystem II (Fv/Fm = 0.76), as well as lower energy loss index (Fo = 172.5). It is recommended the application of 450 mg dm-3 of P and 50 mg dm-3 of K, with the aim at higher growth and photosynthetic rate of seedlings of C. trichotoma.
Crimes Against Humanity and Hostes Generis Humani
Authors: Duff Antony 
Published: February 2019

Crimes Against Humanity and Hostes Generis Humani
In ‘The Enemy of All Humanity’, David Luban provides an insightful and plausible account of the idea of the hostis generis humani (one that shows that the hostis need not be understood to be an outlaw), and of the distinctive character of the crimes against humanity that the hostis commits. However, I argue in this paper, his suggestion that the hostis is answerable to a moral community of humanity (in whose name the ICC must thus claim to speak) is not tenable. Once we recognize the intimate connection between criminal law and political community, we can see that the hostis should answer to the local, domestic political community in and against which he commits his crimes; and that the proper role of the International Criminal Court, acting in the name of the community of nations, is to provide a second-best substitute for such answering when the local polity cannot or will not hold him to account.
Enemy of All Humanity
Authors: de Wilde Marc 
Published: February 2019

Enemy of All Humanity: The Dehumanizing Effects of a Dangerous Concept
In his contribution to this special issue, David Luban proposes to revive the age-old concept of ‘the enemy of all humanity.’ On his view, this concept supports the aims of international criminal justice by emphasizing that atrocity and persecution crimes are ‘radically evil’ and therefore ‘everyone’s business.’ Criticizing Luban’s proposal, this paper shows that in the past, the ‘enemy of all humanity’ concept has often served to establish parallel systems of justice, depriving these ‘enemies’ of their rights as suspects under criminal law and as lawful combatants under the laws of war. Thus, even if the ‘enemy of all humanity’ concept is used with the intention to bring today’s perpetrators of ‘radical evil’ to justice, it risks undermining, rather than protecting, the rule of law.