bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Methionine residues lining the substrate pathway in prolyl oligopeptidase from Pleurotus eryngii play an important role in substrate recognition
Authors: Tokai Shota , Bito Tomohiro , Shimizu Katsuhiko , Arima Jiro 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Family S9 prolyl oligopeptidases (POPs) are of interest as pharmacological targets. We recently found that an S9 POP from Pleurotus eryngii showed altered substrate specificity following H2O2 treatment. Oxidation of Met203 on the non-catalytic β-propeller domain resulted in decreased activity toward non-aromatic aminoacyl-para-nitroanilides (pNAs) while maintaining its activity toward aromatic aminoacyl-pNAs. Given that the other Met residues should also be oxidized by H2O2 treatment, we constructed mutants in which all the Met residues were substituted with other amino acids. Analysis of the mutants showed that Met570 in the catalytic domain is another potent residue for the altered substrate specificity following oxidation. Met203 and Met570 lie on the surfaces of two different domains and form part of a funnel from the surface to the active center. Our findings indicate that the funnel forms the substrate pathway and plays a role in substrate recognition.
Profiling plasma extracellular vesicle by pluronic block‐copolymer based enrichment method unveils features associated with breast cancer aggression, metastasis and invasion
Authors: Zhong Zhenyu , Rosenow Matthew , Xiao Nick , Spetzler David 
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACTExtracellular vesicle (EV)‐based liquid biopsies have been proposed to be a readily obtainable biological substrate recently for both profiling and diagnostics purposes. Development of a fast and reliable preparation protocol to enrich such small particles could accelerate the discovery of informative, disease‐related biomarkers. Though multiple EV enrichment protocols are available, in terms of efficiency, reproducibility and simplicity, precipitation‐based methods are most amenable to studies with large numbers of subjects. However, the selectivity of the precipitation becomes critical. Here, we present a simple plasma EV enrichment protocol based on pluronic block copolymer. The enriched plasma EV was able to be verified by multiple platforms. Our results showed that the particles enriched from plasma by the copolymer were EV size vesicles with membrane structure; proteomic profiling showed that EV‐related proteins were significantly enriched, while high‐abundant plasma proteins were significantly reduced in comparison to other precipitation‐based enrichment methods. Next‐generation sequencing confirmed the existence of various RNA species that have been observed in EVs from previous studies. Small RNA sequencing showed enriched species compared to the corresponding plasma. Moreover, plasma EVs enriched from 20 advanced breast cancer patients and 20 age‐matched non‐cancer controls were profiled by semi‐quantitative mass spectrometry. Protein features were further screened by EV proteomic profiles generated from four breast cancer cell lines, and then selected in cross‐validation models. A total of 60 protein features that highly contributed in model prediction were identified. Interestingly, a large portion of these features were associated with breast cancer aggression, metastasis as well as invasion, consistent with the advanced clinical stage of the patients. In summary, we have developed a plasma EV enrichment method with improved precipitation selectivity and it might be suitable for larger‐scale discovery studies.
Relationship among team dynamics, care coordination and perception of safety culture in primary care
Authors: Blumenthal Karen J , Chien Alyna T , Singer Sara J 
Published: April 2018

Abstract

Background
There remains a need to improve patient safety in primary care settings. Studies have demonstrated that creating high-performing teams can improve patient safety and encourage a safety culture within hospital settings, but little is known about this relationship in primary care.

Objective
To examine how team dynamics relate to perceptions of safety culture in primary care and whether care coordination plays an intermediating role.

Research Design
This is a cross-sectional survey study with 63% response (n = 1082).

Subjects
The study participants were attending clinicians, resident physicians and other staff who interacted with patients from 19 primary care practices affiliated with Harvard Medical School.

Main Measures
Three domains corresponding with our main measures: team dynamics, care coordination and safety culture. All items were measured on a 5-point Likert scale. We used linear regression clustered by practice site to assess the relationship between team dynamics and perceptions of safety culture. We also performed a mediation analysis to determine the extent to which care coordination explains the relationship between perceptions of team dynamics and of safety culture.

Results
For every 1-point increase in overall team dynamics, there was a 0.76-point increase in perception of safety culture [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.70–0.82, P &lt; 0.001]. Care coordination mediated the relationship between team dynamics and the perception of safety culture.

Conclusion
Our findings suggest there is a relationship between team dynamics, care coordination and perceptions of patient safety in a primary care setting. To make patients safer, we may need to pay more attention to how primary care providers work together to coordinate care.
Was Ḥunayn ibn Isḥāq the Author of the Arabic Translation of Paul of Aegina’s Pragmateia? Evidence from the Arabic Translations of the Hippocratic Aphorisms and the Syriac Lexicons of Bar Bahlul and Bar ‘Ali
Authors: Barry Samuel C 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Study of the process of translation into Arabic of the Pragmateia of Paul of Aegina, an important work of late-Hellenic medicine, has the potential to shed light upon the early development of Arabic medicine. Traditionally, the authorship of this translation has been ascribed to the famous translator Ḥunayn ibn Isḥāq. In this paper, however, I provide evidence drawn from several primary sources, including prominently the Arabic translations of the Hippocratic Aphorisms and the Syriac lexicons of Ḥasan bar Bahlul and Isho ‘bar ‘Ali, demonstrating that Ḥunayn was not the author of the Arabic translation of the Pragmateia, and that the translation was composed well before Ḥunayn’s career. The addition of the Arabic version of the Pragmateia to the list of Arabic medical works produced prior to Ḥunayn should enrich significantly scholarly understanding of the early development of the discipline.
Older Adults Pay an Additional Cost When Texting and Walking: Effects of Age, Environment, and Use of Mixed Reality on Dual-Task Performance
Authors: Krasovsky Tal , Weiss Patrice L , Kizony Rachel 
Published: April 2018

Abstract

Background
Texting while walking (TeWW) has become common among people of all ages, and mobile phone use during gait is increasingly associated with pedestrian injury. Although dual-task walking performance is known to decline with age, data regarding the effect of age on dual-task performance in ecological settings are limited.

Objective
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of age, environment (indoors/outdoors), and mixed reality (merging of real and virtual environments) on TeWW performance.

Design
A cross-sectional design was used.

Methods
Young (n = 30; 27.8 ± 4.4 years) and older (n = 20; 68.9 ± 3.9 years) adults performed single- and dual-task texting and walking indoors and outdoors, with and without a mixed reality display. Participants also completed evaluations of visual scanning and cognitive flexibility (Trail Making Test) and functional mobility (Timed “Up & Go” Test).

Results
Indoors, similar interference to walking and texting occurred for both groups, but only older adults’ gait variability increased under dual task conditions. Outdoors, TeWW was associated with larger age-related differences in gait variability, texting accuracy, and gait dual-task costs. Young adults with better visual scanning and cognitive flexibility performed TeWW with lower gait costs (r = 0.52–0.65). The mixed reality display was unhelpful and did not modify walking or texting.

Limitations
Older adults tested in this study were relatively high functioning. Gaze of participants was not directly monitored.

Conclusions
Although young and older adults possess the resources necessary for TeWW, older adults pay an additional “price” when dual-tasking, especially outdoors. TeWW may have potential as an ecologically valid assessment and/or an intervention paradigm for dual-task performance among older adults as well as for clinical populations.
Disparities in Colon Cancer Survival by Insurance Type: A Population-Based Analysis
Authors: Pulte Dianne , Jansen Lina , Brenner Hermann 
Published: April 2018

BACKGROUND:
Colon cancer is a common cancer with a relatively high survival for nonmetastatic disease if appropriate treatment is given. A lower survival rate for patients with no or inadequate insurance has previously been documented, but the differences have not been explored in detail on a population level.

OBJECTIVE:
The purpose of this study was to examine survival for patients with colon cancer by insurance type.

DESIGN:
Complete analysis was used to examine 1-, 2-, and 3-year survival rates.

SETTINGS:
This was a population-level analysis.

PATIENTS:
Patients were drawn from the in-patients diagnosed with colon cancer at ages 15 to 64 years between 2007 and 2012 in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results 18 database by insurance type (Medicaid, uninsured, or other insurance)

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE:
This study measured overall survival.

RESULTS:
A total of 57,790 cases were included, with insurance information available for 55,432. Of those, 7611 (13.7%), 4131 (7.5%), and 43,690 (78.8%) had Medicaid, no insurance, or other insurance. Patients with Medicaid or without insurance were more likely to have metastatic disease compared with those with other insurance. Survival was higher for patients with insurance other than Medicaid, with 3-year survival estimates of 57.0%, 61.2%, and 75.6% for Medicaid, uninsured, and other insurance. Significant disparities continued to be observed after adjustment for stage, especially for later-stage disease. When only patients with stage I to II disease who had definitive surgery and resection of ≥12 lymph nodes were included in the analysis, the discrepancy was decreased, especially for uninsured patients.

LIMITATIONS:
Information on chemotherapy use and biological markers of disease severity are not available in the database.

CONCLUSIONS:
Colon cancer survival is lower for patients with no insurance or with Medicaid than for those with private insurance. Differences in rates of definitive surgery and adequate lymph node dissection explain some of this disparity. See Video Abstract at http://links.lww.com/DCR/A585.
Prepectoral Breast Reconstruction with Fenestrated Acellular Dermal Matrix: A Novel Design
Authors: Paydar Keyianoosh Z. , Wirth Garrett A. , Mowlds Donald S. 
Published: April 2018

Summary:
Fenestrated acellular dermal matrix (ADM) has improved patient outcomes in both direct-to-implant and 2-stage tissue expander/implant breast reconstruction. This technical alteration utilizes optimal fenestration overlap to enhance the breast reconstruction experience. We present a novel, surgeon-designed shaped fenestrated ADM, placed in the recently repopularized prepectoral pocket for anterior coverage of implants in direct-to-implant and 2-stage breast reconstruction. A retrospective review of 10 patients (18 breasts) who underwent direct-to-implant or 2-stage breast reconstruction utilizing fenestrated shaped ADM in the prepectoral plane at a major academic institution in 2016 was conducted. Sixteen breasts (88.9%) underwent direct-to-implant reconstruction, and 2 breasts (11.1%) received tissue expanders. All reconstructions were performed using FlexHD Pliable ADM with surgeon-designed shape and fenestrations. The average implant size was 544.4 cc (±137.2 cc). The average intraoperative tissue expander fill volume measured 450 cc (90% of tissue expander size). The single expander case utilized 1 office fill (day 21) for full expansion. Major complications requiring reoperation within 90 days postoperatively were observed in 22.2% (4 breasts) of reconstructions. Three breasts (16.7%) due to partial mastectomy flap necrosis, 1 breast (5.5%) explantation due to infection. There was no seroma or capsular contracture. Prepectoral reconstruction with shaped fenestrated ADM is safe with high intraoperative fill volumes and facilitates more direct-to-implant reconstructions. Patients undergo fewer postoperative expansions, experience less time to full expansion, and subjectively report less pain. Patients benefit from improved cosmetic outcomes with better shape and no functional loss or animation deformity.
Wide-awake Anesthesia No Tourniquet Trapeziometacarpal Joint Prosthesis Implantation
Authors: Müller Camillo Theo , Christen Thierry , Heidekruger Paul I. , Lamouille Jessie , Raffoul Wassim , McKee Daniel , Lalonde Donald H. , Durand Sébastien 
Published: April 2018

Summary:
Wide awake local anesthesia no tourniquet (WALANT) hand surgery is a rapidly growing in popularity. WALANT has been used by hand surgeons when operating on bones, tendons, ligaments, nerve entrapments. We offer a case report of the first case in the literature describing WALANT technique when performing trapeziometacarpal joint arthroplasty with prosthesis implantation. We offer technical points on how to perform this procedure and the advantages that are associated with using WALANT for prosthesis arthroplasty.
A Novel Porcine Model for Future Studies of Cell-enriched Fat Grafting
Authors: Rasmussen Bo S. , Sørensen Celine L. , Vester-Glowinski Peter V. , Herly Mikkel , Kurbegovic Sorel , Ørholt Mathias , Svalgaard Jesper D. , Kølle Stig-Frederik T. , Kristensen Annemarie T. , Talman Maj-Lis M. , Drzewiecki Krzysztof T. , Fischer-Nielsen Anne 
Published: April 2018

Background:
Cell-enriched fat grafting has shown promising results for improving graft survival, although many questions remain unanswered. A large animal model is crucial for bridging the gap between rodent studies and human trials. We present a step-by-step approach in using the Göttingen minipig as a model for future studies of cell-enriched large volume fat grafting.

Methods:
Fat grafting was performed as bolus injections and structural fat grafting. Graft retention was assessed by magnetic resonance imaging after 120 days. The stromal vascular fraction (SVF) was isolated from excised fat and liposuctioned fat from different anatomical sites and analyzed. Porcine adipose-derived stem/stromal cells (ASCs) were cultured in different growth supplements, and population doubling time, maximum cell yield, expression of surface markers, and differentiation potential were investigated.

Results:
Structural fat grafting in the breast and subcutaneous bolus grafting in the abdomen revealed average graft retention of 53.55% and 15.28%, respectively, which are similar to human reports. Liposuction yielded fewer SVF cells than fat excision, and abdominal fat had the most SVF cells/g fat with SVF yields similar to humans. Additionally, we demonstrated that porcine ASCs can be readily isolated and expanded in culture in allogeneic porcine platelet lysate and fetal bovine serum and that the use of 10% porcine platelet lysate or 20% fetal bovine serum resulted in population doubling time, maximum cell yield, surface marker profile, and trilineage differentiation that were comparable with humans.

Conclusions:
The Göttingen minipig is a feasible and cost-effective, large animal model for future translational studies of cell-enriched fat grafting.
A Phase 1 Pharmacokinetic and Safety Study of Extended-Duration, High-dose Cefixime for Cephalosporin-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae in the Pharynx
Authors: Barbee Lindley A. , Nayak Seema U. , Blumer Jeffrey L. , O'Riordan Mary Ann , Gray Wesley , Zenilman Jonathan M. , Golden Matthew R. , Griffiss J. McLeod 
Published: April 2018

Background
There are no fully oral recommended treatment regimens for gonorrhea. Inadequately treated pharyngeal gonococcal infections are a likely reservoir for transmission and development of antimicrobial resistance. We sought to determine an oral cefixime dosing regimen that would theoretically treat pharyngeal infections by gonococci with minimum inhibitory concentrations 0.5 μg/mL.

Methods
We conducted an open-label, nonrandomized, phase I pharmacokinetic and safety study of cefixime in 25 healthy male and female volunteers divided into 4 dosing cohorts (cohort A, 400 mg; cohort B, 800 mg; cohort C, 1200 mg; and cohort D, 800 mg every 8 hours × 3 doses [total dose 2400 mg]) with a target serum concentration of at least 2.0 μg/mL for more than 20 hours. Cefixime concentrations from serum and pharyngeal fluid were determined with use of a validated liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry assay. Safety measures included laboratories, physical examinations, and symptom diaries.

Results
None of the single-dose regimens attained the target concentration; however, 50% of subjects in cohort D attained the target concentration. Variation in absorption and protein binding contributed to differences in concentrations. Pharyngeal fluid concentrations were negligible. The single-dose regimens were well tolerated; the multidose regimen resulted in mild to moderate gastrointestinal symptoms in 43% of subjects.

Conclusions
None of the dosing regimens achieved the target concentration. However, the proposed theoretical target was extrapolated from penicillin data; there are no empirically derived pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic criteria for pharyngeal gonorrhea. Under alternative cephalosporin-specific therapeutic goals, the multidose regimen may be effective, although the absence of cefixime in pharyngeal fluid is concerning. A clinical trial evaluating efficacy and defining pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic outcomes may be warranted.
Normalization of Speech Processing After Whole-Vault Cranioplasty in Sagittal Synostosis
Authors: Chuang Carolyn , Rolison Max , Yang Jenny F. , Brooks Eric D. , Hashim Peter W. , Travieso Roberto , Terner Jordan , Steinbacher Derek M. , Landi Nicole , Stavropoulos Katherine K. M. , Mayes Linda C. , Persing John A. , McPartland James C. 
Published: April 2018

Background:
Neurocognitive studies have found impairments in language-related abilities in nonsyndromic craniosynostosis, highlighting clinical importance of early language processing. In this study, neural response to speech sounds in infants with nonsyndromic sagittal craniosynostosis (NSC) is compared, preoperatively and postoperatively, using event-related potentials (ERPs) to objectively characterize development in language processing.

Methods:
Electroencephalogram was recorded while 39 infants (12 NSC and 27 controls; ages 73–283 days) listened to the Hindi dental /

JOURNAL/jcrsu/04.03/00001665-201807000-00009/inline-graphic1/v/2023-08-24T175730Z/r/image-tiff

a/ and retroflex /da/ phonemes (non-native phonemic discrimination task). The mismatch negativity (MMN) ERP was extracted as the peak amplitude of the largest negative deflection in the difference wave over 80 to 300 milliseconds poststimulus. Differences in MMN were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance.

Results:
The MMN amplitude was attenuated in the infants with NSC preoperatively compared with controls (P = 0.047). A significant region by group interaction (P = 0.045) was observed, and infants with NSC displayed attenuated MMN in the frontal electrodes compared with controls (P = 0.010). Comparing the preoperative and postoperative MMN, a time by group interaction trend (P = 0.070) was observed. Pair-wise comparisons showed a trend for increase in MMN amplitude from preoperatively to postoperatively in the infants with NSC (P = 0.059). At the postoperative time point, infants with NSC showed no significant difference in MMN from controls (P = 0.344).

Conclusion:
Infants with NSC demonstrated atypical neural response to language preoperatively. After undergoing surgery, infants with NSC showed increased MMN amplitude which was not significantly different from controls. These findings support the idea that whole vault cranioplasty may improve neurocognitive outcomes in sagittal craniosynostosis.
Multiple Intracranial Cavernous Angiomas With a Trigonal Cavernous Angioma Mimicking Glioma
Authors: Wu Jie , Ren Rijun , Qiu Zhaoyou , Wang Maokai 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Intracranial cavernous angiomas (CAs) are hamartomatous vascular malformations consisting of thin-walled vascular channels located within the brain, but typically lacking intervening neural parenchyma, large feeding arteries, or draining veins. The CAs occurring in the ventricular system are rare, with an incidence of 2.5% to 10.3% of the intracranial CAs, and those arising from the trigone of the lateral ventricle are even rarer. Till now, there are <20 patients with trigonal CAs have been reported in the English literature. In this study, the authors describe an extremely rare case of multiple intracranial CAs with a trigonal CA mimicking glioma. Furthermore, they also discuss the characteristic aspects of symptoms, radiologic findings, diagnosis, and treatment of this benign lesion.
Primary Alveolar Echinococcosis Presenting with Simultaneous Cerebral and Craniofacial Involvement
Authors: Ogul Hayri , Kantarci Mecit 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Alveolar echinococcosis (AE) is an important parasitic infestation caused by the larval stage of the Echinococcus multilocularis. Turkey is one of the countries occurred endemic of the disease. The disease primarily affects the liver. Cerebral and craniofacial involvements are very rare. Here the authors report a 46-year-old woman with simultaneous cerebral and craniofacial involvement of E. multilocularis. Although primary AE lesions with simultaneous cerebral and craniofacial involvement are exceedingly rare, radiologist must suspect from other unusual involvement such as craniofacial and muscular location in patients with cerebral AE.