bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Siyasah Idarat al-'Arabiyah Fii Tahqiqi Farthi at-Tahsin lada at-Thullabi Fii Ziyadati Injazati al-Lughah al-‘Arabiyyah Fii al-Lughah al-‘Arabiyyah Qismi al-Tarbiyyah Fii IAIN Lhokseumawe
Authors: Sofyan Syukran 
Published: July 2019

إن قسم تعليم اللغة العربية في كلية التربية وتعليم المعلمين في IAIN Lhokseumawe في تدريسه يستخدم بوضوح الأساليب والأهداف. لأن الهدف من التعلم سيكون ناجحًا ويمكن توجيهه. لكن هذا لا يكفي ، لأن ليس جميع طلاب قسم تعليم اللغة العربية في كلية التربية وتدريب المعلمين من IAIN Lhokseumawe من نفس الخلفية. جاء بعض الطلاب قبل دخول قسم تعليم اللغة العربية من مدارس الماجستير ، والمهنية ، والمدارس الثانوية والإسلامي. وبالطبع فإن الطلاب الذين ينتمون إلى مدارس داخلية إسلامية يتمتعون بإنجازات عربية أعلى من أولئك الذين التحقوا بالمدارس الثانوية والمهنية والماجستير ، وقد خلص الباحثون إلى أن هذه السياسات قد خلصت إلى أن السياسات التي يضعها القسم يمكن أن تساوي الاختلافات في تحصيل الطلاب وتقليلها ، لا يزال تنفيذ برامج السياسة العامة في تطوير اللغة يواجه العديد من العقبات والمساوئ.
Abstrak
ِJurusan Pendidikan Bahasa Arab Fakultas Tarbiyah dan Ilmu Keguruan IAIN Lhokseumawe dalam pengajarannya menggunakan metode serta tujuan dengan jelas. Karena dengan tujuanlah suatu pembelajaran akan berhasil dan dapat diarahkan. Tetapi itu semua tidak cukup, karena mahasiswa Jurusan Pendidikan Bahasa Arab Fakultas Tarbiyah dan Ilmu Keguruan IAIN Lhokseumawe tidak semua berasal dari latar belakang yang sama. Sebagian mahasiswa sebelum masuk ke Jurusan Pendidikan Bahasa Arab ada yang berasal dari MA, SMK, SMA dan Pesantren. Tentu saja yang berasal dari Pesantren prestasi bahasa Arabnya lebih tinggi dari pada yang berasal dari SMA, SMK dan MA, dengan hasil tersebut penulis simpulkan dengan adanya kebijakan-kebijakan yang telah ditetapkan oleh Jurusan, dapat menyetarakan dan mengurangi perbedaan prestasi mahasiswa/i, walupun dalam pelaksanaan program kebijakan dalam pengembangan bahasa masih banyak hambatan dan kekurangan.
Analisis PIECES dalam Implementasi Kebijakan E-Learning di IAIN Kendari
Authors: Lestari Ambar Sri , Rijal Hamka Shbarur 
Published: July 2019

This study aims to analyze the implementation of e-learning policies at IAIN Kendari. Using a qualitative descriptive method, the data was collected through observation at the online page of https://elearning.iainkendari.ac.id, interviews and documentation. The results of PIECES analysis calculations in the application of e-learning are seen from several aspects, including: performance, information, economy, control and services are in the category of important with the value of 3.46%, 3.82%, 3.77%, 3.85% and 3.88% respectively. Regarding the aspect of efficiency, the value is 4.28% within the category Very Important. Whereas, the implementation of e-learning learning policies using Edward's theory was investigated from four aspects, namely: 1) communication that was conducted through the socialization of e-learning workshops; 2) resources including human/technician resources that were still very lacking as well as infrastructure with the addition of 80 Mbps bandwidth to five faculties, rectorates, libraries and postgraduate programs; 3) dispositions were given to the policy users, namely lecturers who were still less motivated in using e-learning, and 4) bureaucratic structure related to operational standards procedures that was designed in the form of e-learning guidebooks. The result found that e-learning implementation was in the category of important in the aspect of performance, information, economics, control and service, and in the category of very important in the aspect of efficiency. E-learning system at IAIN Kendari is acceptable for all academic civity, however they need personal motivation to implement and utilize it for classroom learning supported by speed internet access.
Explicit Runge–Kutta Methods Combined with Advanced Versions of the Richardson Extrapolation
Authors: Zlatev Zahari , Dimov Ivan , Faragó István , Georgiev Krassimir , Havasi Ágnes 
Published: July 2019

AbstractRichardson Extrapolation is a very general numerical procedure, which can be applied in the solution of many mathematical problems in an attempt to increase the accuracy of the results. It is assumed that this approach is used to handle non-linear systems of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) which arise often in the mathematical description of scientific and engineering models either directly or after the discretization of the spatial derivatives of partial differential equations (PDEs). The major topic is the analysis ofeightadvanced implementations of the Richardson Extrapolation. Two important properties are analyzed: (a) the possibility to achievemore accurate resultsand (b) the possibility to improvethe stability propertiesof eight advanced versions of the Richardson Extrapolation. A two-parameter family of test-examples was constructed and used to check both the accuracy and the absolute stability of the different versions of the Richardson Extrapolation when these versions are applied together with several Explicit Runge–Kutta Methods (ERKMs).
Characteristics of Acute Toxicity Dynamics of Selected Toxicants on Aquatic Crustaceans
Authors: Żuk Olga , Kosior Grzegorz , Oloś Grzegorz 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Determining the value of a half-effective or half-life concentration or dose of toxicant is the main purpose of acute toxicity studies, and this is also the most commonly used value in the toxicity characteristics of substances. By conducting tests that meet the criteria and requirements for the determination of acute toxicity, due to the use of appropriate mathematical tools and concentrations resulting in complete lethal effects in the studied groups, considerably more important values can be achieved, which give a possibility for the analysis of the entire process’s dynamics, as well as determining the threshold values of the effect time and toxicant concentration. This was the purpose of our research, in which the research species were Daphnia magna and Cypris pubera. The effect of the conducted research allowed to determine and compare the two toxicants: ammonium and copper(II) ions by it’s: concentration limit values (C

th
), internal toxicity of the receptor-ligand complex (α), apparent, constant disintegration of this complex (K

app
) and different time values of the effect (Tt
, Tin
, MLT), which, along with concentration, is equally important determinant of the development of a toxic effect.
Azadirachta indica leaves extract assisted green synthesis of Ag-TiO2 for degradation of Methylene blue and Rhodamine B dyes in aqueous medium
Authors: Saeed Muhammad , Muneer Majid , Khosa Muhammad Kaleem Khan , Akram Nadia , Khalid Sheeba , Adeel Muhammad , Nisar Asif , Sherazi Sonia 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Aqueous pollution due to textile industry is an important issue. Photocatalysis is one of the methods used for eradication of dyes from textile industrial effluents. In this study, the synthesis, characterization and evaluation of photo catalytic activity of Ag-TiO2 is reported. TiO2 catalysts with 2, 4, 6 and 8% loading of Ag were prepared by green methods using Azadirachta indica leaves extract as reducing agent with titanium dioxide and silver nitrate as precursor materials. Prepared catalyst was characterized by advanced techniques and was used as catalyst for degradation of Methylene blue and Rhodamine B dyes. Deposition of Ag greatly enhanced the catalytic efficiency of TiO2 towards degradation of dyes. Irradiation of catalyst excites electrons from conduction band of catalyst to valence band yielding an electron-hole pair. This electron-hole pair undergoes secondary reactions and produce OH∙ radicals. These active radicals take part in degradation of dyes. More than 90% dyes were degraded in 120 min. Photo catalytic degradation of Methylene blue and Rhodamine B followed Eley-Rideal mechanism which states that dye react in fluid phase with adsorbed oxygen.
Interleukin-6 in pulmonary artery hypertension
Authors: Yuan Shi-Min 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-6 is a pleiotropic cytokine, playing an important role in various pathological conditions, such as inflammatory, infectious, and neoplastic disorders. The casual relationship between IL-6 levels and development of pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH) has been elusive. Based on comprehensive retrieval of pertinent literature of recent two decades, this article aims to give an overview of the impact of IL-6 on PAH development in view of both clinical and experimental aspects. Results showed that IL-6 was overexpressed in all types of PAH in both human and animal models. The elevated IL-6 levels were closely related to right ventricular (RV) dysfunction and predicted poor prognosis and mortality of PAH patients. Several IL-6-regulated signaling pathways including transforming growth factor (TGF)-β/bone morphogenetic protein signaling pathway are involved in PAH development. IL-6 antagonizing agents are effective in ameliorating the symptoms and improving the RV function of PAH patients.
Effect of diode laser application on root surface carbon, calcium and phosphorus levels: A SEM-EDX study
Authors: YAPRAK Emre 
Published: July 2019

Background:Preservation of the organic ingredients on the
root surfaces during the periodontal therapy has been emphasized in the
literature. SEM-EDX analysis is an accepted approach to evaluate organic and
inorganic components on investigated samples in terms of carbon, calcium and
phosphor levels. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of diode
laser application with periodontal pocket decontamination energy setting to the
organic content of intact root surfaces via SEM-EDX analysis.Methods: Each proximal root surfaces of the root surfaces
of 10 teeth which were extracted due to orthodontic reasons were divided as
test (n=20) and control (n=20) sites. Diode laser (810 nm) applications were done
to the test sites of root surfaces. All specimens were analyzed using SEM-EDX
with respect to carbon, calcium and phosphor levels.Results:Diode laser applied root surfaces exhibit significantly
lower carbon levels comparing with control sites. Additionally, increased
calcium and phosphor levels were detected in the test sites.Conclusions:Within the limitations of this study, it can be
concluded that, diode laser applications may alter organic content of intact root
surface. Further studies are required to elucidate potential effects of diode
laser application to specific protein components on the root surfaces.Keywords: Diode laser, root surface, SEM-EDX, element
levels
VIOLENCIA SOCIOPOLÍTICA CONTRA LÍDERES SOCIALES Y DEFENSORES DE DERECHOS HUMANOS EN EL POSTCONFLICTO: DIFICULTADES Y RETOS PARA LA IMPLEMENTACIÓN DE UNA PAZ ESTABLE Y DURADERA EN COLOMBIA
Authors: Nocua Caro Diana 
Published: July 2019

El presente artículo aborda la reflexión acerca de las dificultades y los retos que se evidencian frente a la construcción de la paz territorial en Colombia, ante la creciente violencia sociopolítica contra líderes sociales y defensores de derechos humanos, en el periodo posterior a la firma del acuerdo de paz suscrito entre las Farc y el gobierno de Juan Manuel Santos. Para ello, se abordan algunos de los factores que dan cuenta de la sistematicidad en la comisión de estos hechos, a partir del análisis de las dinámicas de los poderes locales que contribuyen a la criminalidad y la vulneración de los derechos de quienes realizan el ejercicio de defensa de estos; para, posteriormente, dar lugar a la reflexión sobre la creciente polarización política y social que promueve, a partir de la incitación al odio y la persecución contra los contradictores políticos, el uso de la violencia y la permanencia de prácticas institucionales e irregulares ligadas a la doctrina del “enemigo interno”.
VALUE TARI SIGALE-GALE DALAM MENINGKATKAN WISATA BUDAYA DI DESA TOMOK KABUPATEN SAMOSIR
Authors: Andriani Rian , Brahmanto Erlangga , Purba Beatrix C.C Simamora 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRAKTari Sigale-gale merupakan tarian sebuah patung kayu yang digerakkan oleh manusia dengan diiringi alunan musik khas Batak. Tari Sigale-gale sempat menjadi icon pada acara Festival Danau Toba tahun 2013. Adanya pergeseran nilai tari Sigale-gale dikarenakan perubahan cara penyuguhan tari Sigale-gale tersebut dengan memutar kaset yang sebelumnya selalu diiringi alunan alat-alat musik khas Batak. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui esensi dan nilai yang terkandung dari tari Sigale-gale dalam meningkatkan wisata budaya di Desa Tomok Kabupaten Samosir. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif bersifat deskriptif. Hasil penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa Tari Sigale-gale merupakan suatu pertunjukan yang menceritakan tradisi suku Batak Toba pada zaman dahulu. Prosesinya sejak dahulu hingga kini tidak mengalami perubahan namun cara menampilkannya yang berubah. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa nilai tari Sigale-gale perlu dipertahankan dengan mengembalikan cara menampilkan pertunjukannya seperti sedia kala dan menghadirkan penari yang handal dalam menarik wisatawan untuk manortor (menari). Kata Kunci: Value, Tari Sigale-gale, Wisata Budaya VALUE OF SIGALE-GALE DANCE TO INCREASE CULTURE TOURISM IN TOMOK VILLAGE, SAMOSIR DISTRICT ABSTRACTTari Sigale-gale is a dance of a wooden statue that is driven by humans accompanied by typical Batak music. Sigale-gale dance had become an icon in the 2013 Lake Toba Festival. The shift in the value of Sigale-gale dance was due to changes in the way the Sigale-gale dance was presented by playing tapes which were always accompanied by strains of Batak musical instruments. The purpose of this study was to determine the essence and value contained in Sigale-gale dance in enhancing cultural tourism in Tomok Village, Samosir Regency. This study uses descriptive qualitative methods. The results of this study state that Sigale-gale Dance is a performance that tells the traditions of the Batak Toba tribe in ancient times. The procession has not changed until now but the way it is displayed changes. The conclusion of this study is that the value of Sigale-gale dance needs to be maintained by returning the way to show the show as usual and presenting dancers who are reliable in attracting tourists to dance. Keywords: Value, Sigale-Gale Dance, Culture Tourism
COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT IN ECOTOURISM DEVELOPMENT AT AKETAJAWE LOLOBATA NASIONAL PARK
Authors: Cahyadi Hery Sigit , Budisetyorini Beta , Permana Odang 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRAKKeterlibatan masyarakat merupakan elemen penting dalam pengembangan pariwisata, terutama di kawasan lindung. Konflik sering terjadi di dalam taman nasional karena perbedaan kepentingan. Masyarakat lokal berasumsi bahwa mereka telah hidup di taman nasional selama beberapa generasi, sementara pihak taman nasional beerasumsi bahwa mereka memiliki kewajiban untuk memiliki sumber daya di dalam taman nasional. Keberadaan taman nasional sebagai objek wisata memungkinkan mereka untuk saling bekerja sama dengan cara yang saling menguntungkan. Jadi sangat penting untuk mengetahui bagaimana keterlibatan masyarakat yang terkandung di dalam taman nasional. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dan wawancara dilakukan untuk manajemen taman nasional dan masyarakat lokal di dalam taman nasional. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana taman nasional yang melibatkan masyarakat asli di dalamnya dan bagaimana mereka berpartisipasi dalam pengembangan pariwisata di dalam taman nasional. Kata kunci: Taman Nasional Aketajawe, Keterlibatan Masyarakat COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT IN ECOTOURISM DEVELOPMENT AT AKETAJAWE LOLOBATA NASIONAL PARK ABSTRACTCommunity involvemet is an important element in tourism development, especially in protected area. Conflicts often occur within national parks because of differences in interests. Local communities assume that they have lived in national parks for generations while national parks assume that they have the duty to have resources within the national park. The existence of a national park as a tourist attraction makes it possible for them to cooperate with each other in a mutually beneficial manner. So it is very important to know how the involvement of the community contained within the national park. This research used a qualitative research method and interview was conducted to both national park management and local community inside the park. The aim of this research are to find out how national park involving the indigenous community inside the national park and how they participated in tourism development inside the park. Keywords: Aketajawe Lolobata National Parks, Community Involvement
KARAKTERISTIK KALDU NABATI KEDELAI HITAM (Glycine soja), KACANG GUDE (Cajanus cajan, Mills) DAN BIJI SAGA (Adenanthera pavonina, Linn) MELALUI FERMENTASI KOJI MOROMI
Authors: Utami Rohula , Widowati Esti , Purwandari Yuli Wijayanti 
Published: July 2019

<p>Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik kimia (protein terlarut, lemak, gula reduksi), aktivitas antioksidan dan fisik (viskositas) dari kaldu nabati kedelai hitam, kacang gude, dan biji saga melalui fermentasi koji-moromi. Pembuatan kaldu nabati menggunakan ragi yang berisi Rhizopus sp. dengan ratio kacang, ragi, dan garam 56 : 23 : 21% dan di fermentasi selama 0, 4, 6 dan 8 minggu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari ketiga jenis kacang tersebut semakin lama waktu fermentasi maka semakin tinggi pula kadar protein terlarut, lemak, gula reduksi serta aktivitas antioksidannya. Namun berbanding terbalik dengan nilai viskositasnya, semakin lama waktu fermentasi maka viskositas kaldu nabati semakin turun atau semakin cair. Kaldu nabati kedelai hitam selama fermentasi 8 minggu kadar protein terlarutnya 4,56% ; lemak 5,01% ; gula reduksi 1,73% ; aktivitas antioksidan 0,43% DPPH/mg sampel ; viskositas 317,5 dPas. Kaldu nabati kacang gude selama fermentasi 8 minggu kadar protein terlarutnya 3,14% ; lemak 1,10% ; gula reduksi 1,96% ; aktivitas antioksidan 0,46% DPPH/mg sampel ; viskositas 207,5 dPas. Kaldu nabati kedelai hitam selama fermentasi 8 minggu kadar protein terlarutnya 3,74% ; lemak 8,66% ; gula reduksi 1,13% ; aktivitas antioksidan<br />0,42% DPPH/mg sampel ; viskositas 380 dPas. <br />Kata Kunci : kedelai hitam, waktu fermentasi, gude, biji saga, kaldu nabati</p>
TOTAL BAKTERI ASAM LAKTAT, NILAI pH, DAN ADHESIVENESS SUSU BIFIDUS BERBAHAN BAKU SUSU DARI PETERNAKAN YANG BERBEDA DENGAN PENAMBAHAN EKSTRAK BUAH-BUAHAN LOKAL
Authors: Tiska Faradilla Bunga , Sustiyah Ani , Al-Baarri Ahmad Ni’matulah 
Published: July 2019

<p>Kualitas susu yang dihasilkan setiap ternak berbeda-beda tergantung faktor fisiologis dan lingkungan. Hal ini akan berpengaruh pada kandungan nutrisi dalam susu yang dapat menentukan kualitas produk olahan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui kualitas susu yang difermentasikan dengan Bifidobacterium longum dan ditambah ekstrak buah dilihat dari total bakteri asam laktat, nilai pH, dan daya lekat (adhesiveness) yang berasal dari peternakan berbeda. Analisis yang digunakan yaitu Uji-T dengan sampel bebas. Terdapat dua peternakan yang akan dibandingkan untuk mengetahui kualitas susu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa susu bifidus yang berasal dari peternakan yang berbeda tanpa penambahan ekstrak buah memberikan pengaruh nyata (p&lt;0,05) terhadap penurunan nilai pH tetapi tidak pada pertumbuhan total Bakteri Asam Laktat (BAL) dan adhesivenes.<br />Jumlah total BAL pada susu bifidus yang berbahan baku susu segar dari peternakan yang berbeda berada pada kisaran normal yaitu 10 7 log CFU/ml. Nilai pH susu bifidus dari kedua peternakan masih diatas 5 dan adhesiveness masih rendah (belum menggumpal). Terjadi peningkatan pertumbuhan total BAL, nilai pH, dan<br />adhesiveness setelah diberi ekstrak buah. Penambahan buah berguna untuk menyetarakan kualitas susu bifidus yang berbahan baku susu sedengan kualitas rendah sehingga menjadi lebih baik. <br />Kata kunci: kualitas susu segar, susu bifidus, total BAL, pH, adhesiveness</p>
PENGARUH OLEORESIN DAUN JERUK PURUT PADA EDIBLE COATING TERHADAP KUALITAS SOSIS BEKU
Authors: Utami Rohula , Khasanah Lia Umi , Utami Annisa Widia 
Published: July 2019

<p>Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan berbagai konsentrasi oleoresin daun jeruk purut dua tahap terhadap karakteristik mikrobiologis (TPC) dan fisiko-kimia (warna, pH, TBA, dan TVB) sosis daging sapi selama penyimpanan pada suhu -10±2 o C. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan satu faktor yaitu konsentrasi oleoresin daun jeruk purut dua tahap pada edible coating sebesar 0%; 0.01%; dan 0.075%. Pengamatan dilakukan pada bulan ke 0, 1, 2, 3, dan 4. Dari hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa dengan penambahan oleoresin daun jeruk purut dua tahap pada edible coating<br />mempengaruhi kerusakan mikrobiologis dan oksidatif sosis daging sapi. Dengan penambahan oleoresin daun jeruk purut (Citrus hystrix DC) dua tahap maka terjadi penghambatan pertumbuhan mikroba pada sosis daging sapi, serta peningkatan nilai TVB sebagai parameter kesegaran dapat ditekan. Adanya sitronelal pada oleoresin<br />daun jeruk purut dua tahap mempengaruhi nilai TBA. Sedangkan nilai pH dan warna dapat dipertahankan selama penyimpanan. Penambahan oleoresin daun jeruk purut dua tahap pada edible coating dapat meningkatkan umur simpan sosis daging sapi.</p><p><br />Kata kunci: Citrus hystrix DC, daun jeruk purut, edible coating, pembekuan, sosis daging sapi </p>