bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Standards of Practice in Acute Ischemic Stroke Intervention International Recommendations
Authors: Pierot Laurent , Jarayaman Mahesh , Szikora Istvan , Hirsch Joshua , Baxter Blaise , Miyachi Shigeru , Mahadevan Jeyaledchumy , Chong Winston , Mitchell Peter J. , Coulthard Alan , Rowley Howard A. , Sanelli Pina C. , Tampieri Donatella , Brouwer Patrick , Fiehler Jens , Kocer Naci , Vilela Pedro , Rovira Alex , Fischer Urs , Caso Valeria , van der Wort Bart , Sakai Nobuyuki , Matsumaru Yuji , Yoshimura Shin-ichi , Biscoito Luisa , Pumar Manuel , Diaz Orlando , Fraser Justin , Lifante Italo , Liebeskind David S. , Nogueira Raul G. , Hacke Werner , Brainin Michael , Yan Bernard , Soderman Michael , Taylor Allan , Pongpech Sirintara , Terbrugge Karel 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACT:After five positive randomized controlled trials showed benefit of mechanical thrombectomy in the management of acute ischemic stroke with emergent large-vessel occlusion, a multi-society meeting was organized during the 17th Congress of the World Federation of Interventional and Therapeutic Neuroradiology in October 2017 in Budapest, Hungary. This multi-society meeting was dedicated to establish standards of practice in acute ischemic stroke intervention aiming for a consensus on the minimum requirements for centers providing such treatment. In an ideal situation, all patients would be treated at a center offering a full spectrum of neuroendovascular care (a level 1 center). However, for geographical reasons, some patients are unable to reach such a center in a reasonable period of time. With this in mind, the group paid special attention to define recommendations on the prerequisites of organizing stroke centers providing medical thrombectomy for acute ischemic stroke, but not for other neurovascular diseases (level 2 centers). Finally, some centers will have a stroke unit and offer intravenous thrombolysis, but not any endovascular stroke therapy (level 3 centers). Together, these level 1, 2, and 3 centers form a complete stroke system of care. The multi-society group provides recommendations and a framework for the development of medical thrombectomy services worldwide.
From Metropole to Margin in UNESCO’s General History of Africa – Documents of Historiographical Decolonization in Paris and Ibadan
Authors: Schulte Nordholt Larissa 
Published: March 2019

Abstract:This archival research report details the uses and disuses of UNESCO’s Paris archives of its General History of Africa. By looking in detail at what African historians have been doing as well as writing, we can reach a better understanding of the reality of African history writing in the immediate postcolonial era. That means taking into account the complexity of the archive; and using J.F. Ade-Ajayi’s archive in Ibadan as an example we can see that the vast Paris collection of material relating to the writing of the General History of Africa is complemented by documents scattered across different archives.
SYMMETRIC ITINERARY SETS: ALGORITHMS AND NONLINEAR EXAMPLES
Authors: HARDING BRENDAN 
Published: March 2019

We describe how to approximate fractal transformations generated by a one-parameter family of dynamical systems $W:[0,1]\rightarrow [0,1]$ constructed from a pair of monotone increasing diffeomorphisms $W_{i}$ such that $W_{i}^{-1}:[0,1]\rightarrow [0,1]$ for $i=0,1$. An algorithm is provided for determining the unique parameter value such that the closure of the symbolic attractor $\overline{\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FA}}$ is symmetrical. Several examples are given, one in which the $W_{i}$ are affine and two in which the $W_{i}$ are nonlinear. Applications to digital imaging are also discussed.
Factors associated with acquisition of glycopeptide-resistant enterococci during a single-strain outbreak
Authors: Deboscker S. , Schneider P. , Séverac F. , Ménard C. , Gaudart J. , Lavigne T. , Meyer N. 
Published: March 2019

SummaryThe aim of our study was to describe and to investigate the factors associated with glycopeptide-resistant enterococci (GRE) acquisition during a single-strain outbreak which occurred in several wards of hospital from September 2013 to January 2014. We designed a case–control study. Analyses were performed using Bayesian methods. Univariate logistic regressions with informative priors from published studies were conducted. A multivariate model was build including variables with a probability of odd-ratio exceeding one (Pr) >85% or <15%. Thirteen cases and 52 controls were recruited. The description of this outbreak highlighted the importance to quickly detect patients at risk of GRE carriage in order to implement the isolation measures and to transfer to dedicated department if they are effectively carriers. Following multivariate analysis, antibiotics during hospitalisation (Pr = 0.968), number of hospitalisation days in the year (Pr = 0.964), antacids intake (Pr = 0.878) (with a risk increase), immunosuppression (Pr = 0.026) and isolation measures (Pr = 0.003) (both with protective effect) were associated with GRE acquisition. The use of Bayesian statistics was useful because of our study's small population size and prior information availability.
Development of predictive nomograms for clinical use to quantify the risk of isolating resistance prone organisms in patients with infected foot ulcers
Authors: Farkas A. , Lin F. , Bui K. , Liu F. , An G. L. , Pakholskiy A. , Stavropoulos C. F. , Lantis J. C. , Yassin A. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractPseudomonas aeruginosaand methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA) have been considered prevalent pathogens in foot infections. However, whether empiric therapy directed against these organisms is necessary, and in whom to consider treatment, is rather unclear. The aim of this study was to develop predictive algorithms for forecasting the probability of isolating these organisms in the infected wounds of patients in a population where the prevalence of resistant pathogens is low. This was a retrospective study of regression model-based risk factor analysis that included 140 patients who presented with infected, culture positive foot ulcers to two urban hospitals. A total of 307 bacteria were identified, most frequently MRSA (11.1%).P. aeruginosaprevalence was 6.5%. In the multivariable analysis, amputation (odds ratio (OR) 5.75, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.48–27.63), renal disease (OR 5.46, 95% CI 1.43–25.16) and gangrene (OR 2.78, 95% CI 0.82–9.59) were identified as risk factors associated with higher while diabetes (OR 0.07, 95% CI 0.01–0.34) and Infectious Diseases Society of America infection severity >3 (OR 0.18, 95% CI 0.03–0.65) were associated with lower odds ofP. aeruginosaisolation (Cstatistic 0.81). Similar analysis for MRSA showed that amputation was associated with significantly lower (OR 0.29, 95% CI 0.09–0.79) risk, while history of MRSA infection (OR 5.63, 95% CI 1.56–20.63) and osteomyelitis (OR 2.523, 95% CI 1.00–6.79) was associated with higher odds of isolation (Cstatistic 0.69). We developed two predictive nomograms with reasonable to strong ability to discriminate between patients who were likely of being infected withP. aeruginosaor MRSA and those who were not. These analyses confirm the association of some, but also question the significance of other frequently described risk factors in predicting the isolation of these organisms.
PIRATA: A Sustained Observing System for Tropical Atlantic Climate Research and Forecasting
Authors: Bourlès Bernard , Araujo Moacyr , McPhaden Michael J. , Brandt Peter , Foltz Gregory R. , Lumpkin Rick , Giordani Hervé , Hernandez Fabrice , Lefèvre Nathalie , Nobre Paulo , Campos Edmo , Saravanan Ramalingam , Trotte‐Duhà Janice , Dengler Marcus , Hahn Johannes , Hummels Rebecca , Lübbecke Joke F. , Rouault Mathieu , Cotrim Leticia , Sutton Adrienne , Jochum Markus , Perez Renellys C. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractPrediction and Research Moored Array in the Tropical Atlantic (PIRATA) is a multinational program initiated in 1997 in the tropical Atlantic to improve our understanding and ability to predict ocean‐atmosphere variability. PIRATA consists of a network of moored buoys providing meteorological and oceanographic data transmitted in real time to address fundamental scientific questions as well as societal needs. The network is maintained through dedicated yearly cruises, which allow for extensive complementary shipboard measurements and provide platforms for deployment of other components of the Tropical Atlantic Observing System. This paper describes network enhancements, scientific accomplishments and successes obtained from the last 10 years of observations, and additional results enabled by cooperation with other national and international programs. Capacity building activities and the role of PIRATA in a future Tropical Atlantic Observing System that is presently being optimized are also described.
Crystal Mush Flow in Small Concentrically Expanded Pluton (Castle Crags Pluton; Klamath Mountains, CA, USA)
Authors: Machek Matěj , Závada Prokop , Roxerová Zuzana , Petrovský Eduard , Špičák Aleš , Kusbach Vladimír 
Published: March 2019

AbstractUnderstanding of the processes of magmatic fabric formation in crystal‐rich magmas and their reflection in rock magnetic properties are important for understanding pluton formation and intrusion mechanisms. On the example of small concentrically zoned Castle Crags pluton in the Klamath Mountains (CA, USA) we provide reconstruction of the flow/deformation mechanisms of the crystal‐rich magma and pluton growth based on detailed structural mapping and microstructural analysis employing the anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility, microstructural analysis, and crystallographic preferred orientation. Our study reveal microstructural evidence for progressive development of magmatic textures in the pluton core transitioning to submagmatic and eventually subsolidus fabric at the pluton periphery, that is interpreted in terms of the flow/deformation of the crystal mush. The documented magmatic textures are linked to anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility parameters and orientation. The recorded anomalous degree of anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility found in the pluton is attributed to tiling and plastic deformation of magnetite grains by the surrounding phenocrysts. The concentric structure of the pluton resulted from horizontal compaction and margin parallel stretching of the dense crystal mush around the vertically intruding trondhjemite magma in the pluton core. The Castle Crags pluton is interpreted as a concentrically expanded pluton, which grew at least by two increments of granodiorite and trondhjemite magma emplacement.
The Gediz Supradetachment System (SW Turkey): Magmatism, Tectonics, and Sedimentation During Crustal Extension
Authors: Asti Riccardo , Faccenna Claudio , Rossetti Federico , Malusà Marco G. , Gliozzi Elsa , Faranda Costanza , Lirer Fabrizio , Cosentino Domenico 
Published: March 2019

AbstractUnraveling the evolution of supradetachment basins developed in the hanging wall of low‐angle detachment faults may be an invaluable tool in reconstructing the tectonic evolution of highly extended terrains. These basins may record major regional tectonic events related to the exhumation of metamorphic core complexes, and the reconstruction of their evolution helps to quantify the amount of extension accommodated by such processes. Here we present stratigraphic and structural field evidence and micropaleontological constraints to the Neogene‐to‐Quaternary evolution of the supradetachment Gediz Graben that developed on top of the exhuming Central Menderes Massif (SW Turkey). This basin displays three different structural styles during its evolution: (i) it initiated as a ramp basin following the activation of the Gediz Detachment in the Middle Miocene, (ii) evolved as a half graben during the late Miocene following the activation of high‐angle brittle faults at its southern margin, and (iii) reached its final symmetric graben configuration in Late Pliocene (?)‐Quaternary times following the activation of its northern margin. New micropaleontological data document a short‐lived upper Tortonian marine episode in the basin, and major along‐strike variations in exhumation are documented on its southern margin. Our reconstruction shows how sedimentary basins originally formed in the hanging wall of detachment faults may eventually end up in tectonic contact with the mylonitic footwall. Finally, we highlight the importance of magmatism in localizing the deformation in highly extended terrains and in controlling the evolution of supradetachment systems.
Evidence for Multiple Ground‐Rupturing Earthquakes in the Past 4,000 Years Along the Pasuruan Fault, East Java, Indonesia: Documentation of Active Normal Faulting in the Javan Backarc
Authors: Marliyani G. I. , Arrowsmith J. R. , Helmi H. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractInstrumental and historical records of earthquakes supplemented by paleoeseismic records reveal the earthquake potential of an area. The back‐arc region of the Javan subduction system has been considered to be inactive seismically and is identified as a region of low seismic hazard on the seismic hazard map of Indonesia. However, our study documents recent geological activity along Pasuruan Fault, a high‐angle normal fault located within this zone. The fault is expressed in the landscape as prominent ~13‐km‐long, 2‐ to 50‐m‐high scarps cutting Pleistocene sediments on the north coast of East Java. We excavated two fault‐perpendicular trenches across a relay ramp structure and documented evidence for past earthquakes in both trenches. Our preliminary age model, constrained by 23 radiocarbon dates on detrital charcoal, indicates that since 2006 ± 134 cal BCE, there have been at least six ground‐rupturing earthquakes along the fault at this location. The most recent is attributed to the 1852 Grati earthquake. Our modeled 95th percentile ranges for the next four earlier earthquakes (and their mean, in years CE) are 1786–1846(1816), 1666–1777(1721), 1086–1648(1367), and 726–1093(909). Using these events, we calculate a recurrence interval of 236 ± 46 years. The Pasuruan Fault is located near the western end of the Bali‐Flores back‐arc basin. The late Holocene activity along the fault shows that extensional faulting is ongoing though the mechanism causing this structure remains unclear. Although the fault is considered as a minor structure, its potential for producing large earthquakes may pose significant hazard to the densely populated region.
Complementary Vantage Points: Integrating Hydrology and Economics for Sociohydrologic Knowledge Generation
Authors: Müller Marc F. , Levy Morgan C. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBecause human and environmental systems in the Anthropocene are increasingly coupled, hydrologists and economists often find themselves studying the same systems from different vantage points. Here we argue that synthesis across economics and hydrology can help address two pressing sociohydrologic challenges: actionable prediction and the generation of transferable knowledge from place‐based studies. Specifically, we review (1) empirical methods and (2) theoretical approaches from economics and connect the two through a proposed iterative framework. First, we find that empirical methods for statistical analysis of natural and quasi‐experiments in economics can be leveraged to distinguish causal relations from mere correlations in complex and data scarce systems, which can help address the challenge of sociohydrologic prediction. Second, we find that economic theories based on rational choice can be used to decipher known paradoxes in water resources, which can help address the challenge of sociohydrologic knowledge generation. In both empirical and theoretical domains, specialized knowledge in hydrology remains critical to properly applying techniques from economics to coupled human‐water systems. We propose that linkages between the two fields highlight a large potential for interaction.
Spatially and spectrally resolved orbital angular momentum interactions in plasmonic vortex generators
Authors: Hachtel Jordan A. , Cho Sang-Yeon , Davidson Roderick B. , Feldman Matthew A. , Chisholm Matthew F. , Haglund Richard F. , Idrobo Juan Carlos , Pantelides Sokrates T. , Lawrie Benjamin J. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractUnderstanding the near-field electromagnetic interactions that produce optical orbital angular momentum (OAM) is crucial for integrating twisted light into nanotechnology. Here, we examine the cathodoluminescence (CL) of plasmonic vortices carrying OAM generated in spiral nanostructures. The nanospiral geometry defines a photonic local density of states that is sampled by the electron probe in a scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM), thus accessing the optical response of the plasmonic vortex with high spatial and spectral resolution. We map the full spectral dispersion of the plasmonic vortex in spiral structures designed to yield increasing topological charge. Additionally, we fabricate nested nanospirals and demonstrate that OAM from one nanospiral can be coupled to the nested nanospiral, resulting in enhanced luminescence in concentric spirals of like handedness with respect to concentric spirals of opposite handedness. The results illustrate the potential for generating and coupling plasmonic vortices in chiral nanostructures for sensitive detection and manipulation of optical OAM.
Diversity-disease relationships and shared species analyses for human microbiome-associated diseases
Authors: Ma Zhanshan (Sam) , Li Lianwei , Gotelli Nicholas J 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Diversity indices have been routinely computed in the study of human microbiome-associated diseases (MADs). However, it is still unclear whether there is a consistent diversity-disease relationship (DDR) for the human MADs, and whether there are consistent differences in the taxonomic composition of microbiomes sampled from healthy versus diseased individuals. Here we reanalyzed raw data and used a meta-analysis to compare the microbiome diversity and composition of healthy versus diseased individuals in 41 comparisons extracted from 27 previously published studies of human MADs. In the DDR analysis, the average effect size across studies did not differ from zero for a comparison of healthy versus diseased individuals. In 30 of 41 comparisons (73%) there was no significant difference in microbiome diversity of healthy versus diseased individuals, or of different disease classes. For the species composition analysis (shared species analysis), the effect sizes were significantly different from zero. In 33 of 41 comparisons (80%), there were fewer OTUs (operational taxonomic units) shared between healthy and diseased individuals than expected by chance, but with 49% (20 of 41 comparisons) statistically significant. These results imply that the taxonomic composition of disease-associated microbiomes is often distinct from that of healthy individuals. Because species composition changes with disease state, some microbiome OTUs may serve as potential diagnostic indicators of disease. However, the overall species diversity of human microbiomes is not a reliable indicator of disease.
A modular atomic force microscopy approach reveals a large range of hydrophobic adhesion forces among bacterial members of the leaf microbiota
Authors: Mittelviefhaus Maximilian , Müller Daniel B , Zambelli Tomaso , Vorholt Julia A 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Bacterial adhesion is the initial step in surface colonization and community formation. At the single-cell level, atomic force microscopy (AFM) techniques have enabled the quantification of adhesive forces between bacteria and substrata. However, conventional techniques depend on the irreversible immobilization of cells onto cantilevers, thus hampering throughput. Here, we developed a modular AFM method to reversibly immobilize functionalized beads as surface mimic and to probe adhesion of individual bacteria. We performed single-cell force spectroscopies with phylogenetically diverse leaf isolates of various size and morphology. Adhesion measurement of 28 bacterial strains revealed large differences in hydrophobic interactions of about three orders of magnitude. The highest adhesion forces of up to 50 nN were recorded for members of the Gammaproteobacteria. The hydrophobicity of the different isolates correlated positively with the retention of bacteria observed in planta and might provide a basis for successful leaf colonization and potentially disease outbreaks of pathogens.
Berberine downregulates CDC6 and inhibits proliferation via targeting JAK-STAT3 signaling in keratinocytes
Authors: Sun Shuna , Zhang Xiaojie , Xu Mengru , Zhang Fang , Tian Fei , Cui Jianfeng , Xia Yangyang , Liang Chenxi , Zhou Shujie , Wei Haifeng , Zhao Hui , Wu Guojing , Xu Bohan , Liu Xiaochen , Yang Guanqun , Wang Qinzhou , Zhang Lei , Gong Yaoqin , Shao Changshun , Zou Yongxin 
Published: March 2019

AbstractPsoriasis is a chronic skin disease characterized by hyperproliferation and impaired differentiation of epidermal keratinocytes accompanied by increased inflammation, suggesting that molecules with antiproliferation and anti-inflammatory abilities may be effective for its treatment. One of the key steps in regulating cell proliferation is DNA replication initiation, which relies on prereplication complex (pre-RC) assembly on chromatin. CDC6 is an essential regulator of pre-RC assembly and DNA replication in eukaryotic cells, but its role in proliferation of keratinocytes and psoriasis is unknown. Here we examined CDC6 expression in psoriatic skin and evaluated its function in the proliferation of human keratinocytes. CDC6 expression is upregulated in epidermal cells in psoriatic lesions and it could be induced by IL-22/STAT3 signaling, a key signaling pathway involved in the pathogenesis of psoriasis, in keratinocytes. Depletion of CDC6 leads to decreased proliferation of keratinocytes. We also revealed that berberine (BBR) could inhibit CDK4/6-RB-CDC6 signaling in keratinocytes, leading to reduced proliferation of keratinocytes. The mechanism of antiproliferation effects of BBR is through the repression of JAK1, JAK2, and TYK2, which in turn inhibits activation of STAT3. Finally, we demonstrated that BBR could inhibit imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like skin lesions and upregulation of CDC6 and p-STAT3 in mice. Collectively, our findings indicate that BBR inhibits CDC6 expression and proliferation in human keratinocytes by interfering the JAK–STAT3 signaling pathway. Thus, BBR may serve as a potential therapeutic option for patients with psoriasis.
Flat-top TIRF illumination boosts DNA-PAINT imaging and quantification
Authors: Stehr Florian , Stein Johannes , Schueder Florian , Schwille Petra , Jungmann Ralf 
Published: March 2019

AbstractSuper-resolution (SR) techniques have extended the optical resolution down to a few nanometers. However, quantitative treatment of SR data remains challenging due to its complex dependence on a manifold of experimental parameters. Among the different SR variants, DNA-PAINT is relatively straightforward to implement, since it achieves the necessary ‘blinking’ without the use of rather complex optical or chemical activation schemes. However, it still suffers from image and quantification artifacts caused by inhomogeneous optical excitation. Here we demonstrate that several experimental challenges can be alleviated by introducing a segment-wise analysis approach and ultimately overcome by implementing a flat-top illumination profile for TIRF microscopy using a commercially-available beam-shaping device. The improvements with regards to homogeneous spatial resolution and precise kinetic information over the whole field-of-view were quantitatively assayed using DNA origami and cell samples. Our findings open the door to high-throughput DNA-PAINT studies with thus far unprecedented accuracy for quantitative data interpretation.