bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhanced Cancer Cell (HeLa) Killing Efficacy of Mixed Î‘lpha and Gamma Iron Oxide Superparamagnetic Nanoparticles under Combined AC (Alternating Current) Magnetic-Field and Photoexcitation
Authors: And Yuji Horie Md. Shariful Islam, Yoshihumi Kusumoto, Md. Abdulla Al-Mamun 
Published: October 2018

We synthesized mixed α and γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles and investigated their toxic effects against HeLa cells under induced AC (alternating current) magnetic-fields and photoexcited conditions at room temperature. The findings revealed that the cell-killing percentage was increased with increasing dose for all types of treatments. Finally, 99% cancer cells were destructed at 1.2 mL dose when exposed to combined AC magnetic-field and photoexcited conditions (T3) whereas 89 and 83 % of HeLa cells were killed under only AC magnetic-field induced (T1) or only photoexcited (T2) condition at the same dose.ABSTRAK: Campuran α dan zarah γ-Fe2O3 bersaiz nano disintesiskan dan kesan toksidnya terhadap sel HeLa dikaji dibawah aruhan medan magnet arus ulang-alik (alternating current (AC)) dan keadaan photoexcited (proses ransangan atom atau molekul suatu bahan dengan penyerapan tenaga sinaran) pada suhu bilik. Penemuan mendedahkan bahawa peratusan sel yang musnah bertambah dengan pertambahan dos untuk semua jenis rawatan. Akhirnya, 99% sel kanser dimusnahkan pada kadar dos 1.2mL setelah didedahkan terhadap kombinasi medan magnet AC dan keadaan photoexcited (T3) dimana 89% dan 83% sel HeLa dimusnahkan dengan hanya di bawah aruhan medan magnet AC (T1) atau hanya pada keadaan photoexcited (T2) pada kadar dos yang sama.KEY WORDS : Cancer, Hyperthermia, Iron oxide nanoparticles, Heat dissipation, Cytotoxicity, HeLa cell.
Modification of ITU-R Rain Fade Slope Prediction Model Based on Satellite Data Measured at High Elevation Angle
Authors: Dao Hassan , Islam Md. Rafiqul , Al-Khateeb Khalid 
Published: October 2018

Rain fade slope is one of fade dynamics behaviour used by system engineers to design fade mitigation techniques (FMT) for space-earth microwave links. Recent measurements found that fade slope prediction model proposed by ITU-R is unable to predict fade slope distribution accurately in tropical regions. Rain fade measurement was conducted in Kuala Lumpur (3.3° N, 101.7° E) where located in heavy rain zone by receiving signal at 10.982 GHz (Ku-band) from MEASAT3 (91.5° E) on 77.4° elevation angle. The measurement has been carried out for one year period. Fade slope S parameter on ITU-R prediction model has been investigated. New parameter is proposed for the fade slope prediction modeling based on measured data at high elevation angle, Ku-band. ABSTRAK: Cerun hujan pudar adalah salah satu dinamik tingkah laku pudar yang digunakan oleh jurutera sistem untuk mereka bentuk teknik-teknik pengurangan pudar (FMT) bagi link gelombang mikro ruang bumi. Ukuran baru-baru ini mendapati bahawa cerun pudar ramalan model yang dicadangkan oleh ITU-R tidak mampu untuk meramalkan pengagihan cerun pudar tepat di kawasan tropika. Pengukuran hujan pudar telah dijalankan di Kuala Lumpur (3.3° N, 101.7° E) yang terletak di kawasan hujan lebat dengan menerima isyarat pada 10,982 GHz (Ku-band) dari MEASAT3 (91.5° E) pada sudut ketinggian 77.4°. Pengukuran telah dijalankan untuk tempoh satu tahun. Parameter cerun pudar S pada model ramalan ITU-R telah disiasat. Parameter baru adalah dicadangkan untuk pemodelan cerun pudar ramalan berdasarkan data yang diukur pada sudut paras ketinggian, Ku-band.KEYWORDS: fade slope; ITU-R; fade mitigation techniques; sampling time interval
Iterative Spatial Sectoring: An Extention of Simpsonâ€™s Rule for Determining Area of Irregular Close Shape
Authors: Aboaba Abdulfattah , A. Hameed Shihab , Khalifa Othman O , Abdalla Aisha H. 
Published: October 2018

Just as the method for determining the properties of shapes like triangles, parallelogram, cuboids, and geometric figures like circle, and spheres have standard formulae, the determination of a function F(x) in many dimensions have formulae or standard methods. Complex 2D and 3D figures consisting of intricate merger of regular shapes have had their parameters determined through careful separation and determination of the properties of individual components that make up the figure. Moreover, the case of irregular close shapes mostly but not limited to 2D and 3D which abound in science and engineering have equally received attention resulting in lots of approximation method evolved over time. The Iterative spatial sectoring is a novel way of determining the area of 2D irregular close shape by expanding on the famours Simpson’s method for finding the area of a function F(x) whose definite integral is either tedious or impossible by standard approaches. ABSTRAK: Seperti beberapa kaedah yang ada yang sering kali digunakan untuk menentukan sifat-sifat bentuk seperti segi tiga, segi empat selari, kuboid, dan rajah geometrik seperti bulatan, dan sfera; semuanya mempunyai formula-formula yang standard, penentuan fungsi F(x). Bentuk kompleks dua dimensi, 2D dan tiga dimensi, 3D terdiri daripada penyatuan rumit bentuk-bentuk yang biasa dimana parameternya ditentukan melalui pengasingan yang cermat dan penentuan ciri-ciri komponen individu yang akhirnya membentukkannya. Walaupun begitu, dalam hal bentuk tertutup yang tak nalar, ia bukan hanya terhad kepada bentuk 2D dan 3D yang banyak terdapat dalam bidang sains dan kejuruteraan. Ia mendapat perhatian meluas dimana pelbagai kaedah penghampiran dihasilkan. Pensektoran ruang berlelar merupakan cara baru yang digunakan untuk menentukan keluasan bentuk 2D tak nalar yang bertutup dengan mengembangkan kaedah Simpson’s untuk mendapatkan keluasan dengan fungsi F(x) dimana kamirannya sama ada terlalu rumit ataupun di anggap mustahil mengikut cara biasa.KEYWORDS: function F(x); irregular shape; Simpson’s method; definite integral; iterative spatial sectoring
UNSTEADY HEAT TRANSFER IN AN ANNULAR PIPE. PART II: SWIRLING LAMINAR FLOW
Authors: Seng Kelvin Ho Choon 
Published: October 2018

The heat transfer problem in magnetocaloric regenerators during magnetization has been described and investigated for convective heat transfer by means of axial flow in part I of this series. This work will focus on enhancing the unsteady heat transfer using swirling laminar flow generated using axial vanes. The governing parameters for this studyare, the D* ratio (Inner diameter/Outer diameter) and the swirl number, S. The study is conducted using dimensional analysis and commercial CFD codes provided by ANSYS CFX. The hydrodynamics and the heat transfer of the model are compared with data from similar cases found in literature and is found to be in the vicinity of good agreement.Keywords- Annular ducts; unsteady heat transfer; magnetic refrigeration/cooling; swirling laminar flow; dimensional analysis.
Evaluation of Sustainable Development Indicators With Fuzzy TOPSIS Based on Subjective and Objective Weights
Authors: Nik Zahari Nang Idayu , Abdullah Mohd Lazim 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT: Sustainable development aims at improving and maintaining the well-being of people and the ecology. However, this paper focuses only on the ecological aspects. The selection of the proper ecological protection determinant plays a very important role in improving the environment of Malaysia. This paper will propose a method from Wang and Lee (2009), and Yong (2006) which applies a fuzzy TOPSIS method -- based on subjective and objective weights â€“ to make the required selection. Four alternatives will be tested which are: prevent pollution (A1), conservation (A2), well-manage (A3), and public awareness (A4). Along with these, four criteria need to be considered: water quality factor (C1), land integrity factor (C2), air quality factor (C3), and biodiversity factor (C4). Finally, a numerical example of ecological protection determinant selection is used to illustrate the proposed method.Â ABSTRAK: Pembangunan lestari bermatlamat memperbaiki dan mengekalkan kesejahteraan rakyat serta ekologi. Walau bagaimanapun, kertas kajian ini hanya memberi tumpuan kepada aspek-aspek ekologi. Pemilihan penentu perlindungan serta keselamatan bagi aspek ekologi memainkan peranan yang amat penting dalam meningkatkan kualiti alam sekitar di Malaysia. Kertas kajian ini telah menggunakan kaedah Wang dan Lee (2009) dan Yong (2006) yang mengaplikasikan kaedah TOPSIS kabur berdasarkan pemberat subjektif dan objektif. Terdapat empat alternatif yang akan diuji iaitu: pencegahan pencemaran (A1), pemuliharaan (A2), pengurusan yang baik (A3), kesedaran orang awam (A4). Selain itu, terdapat empat kriteria yang perlu dipertimbangkan: faktor kualiti air (C1), faktor kualiti tanah (C2), faktor kualiti udara (C3), faktor kepelbagaian biologi (C4). Kesimpulannya, contoh pengiraan untuk memperoleh penentu pemilihan perlindungan ekologi telah digunakan bagi menunjukkan kaedah yang dicadangkan.KEYWORDS: sustainable development; ecological factors; subjective and objective weight; fuzzy TOPSIS
Performance Analysis of a Free Space Optics Link with Multiple Transmitters/Receivers
Authors: Md Noor Nur Haedzerin , Naji Ahmed Wathik , Al-Khateeb Wajdi 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT: Â Multiple transmitters/receivers (TX/RX) are used to improve the quality of Free Space Optics (FSO) communication systems. With the current needs of this technology for longer distance communication, the qualitative analysis of the system has become essential. In this work, the received power level (PR) and bit error rate (BER) are considered to influence the FSO link performance. The relationship between the two parameters are investigated and analysed. Furthermore, the received power for various numbers of TXs and RXs are experimentally measured and compared with the values obtained from theoretical calculations. The first part of the work deals with the theoretical calculation and simulation designs of multiple laser beams based on the commercial FSO used in actual sites. The second part describes the practical work and analysis of the systemâ€™s performance.ABSTRAK: Pemancar/penerima berganda (TX/RX) digunakan bagi meningkatkan kualiti sistem komunikasi Ruang Optik Bebas (FSO). Analisis kualitatif ke atas sistemnya adalah penting bagi keperluan semasa teknologi ini untuk jarak jauh. Di dalam kajian ini, aras kuasa penerima (PR) dan kadar ralat bit (BER) telah diambilkira bagi menentukan prestasi rangkaian FSO. Hubungan di antara kedua-dua parameter telah dikaji dan dianalisis. Seterusnya, kuasa penerima untuk pelbagai nombor TXs dan RXs diukur secara eksperimen dan dibandingkan dengan nilai teori yang dikira. Bahagian pertama skop kajian berkaitan dengan pengiraan teori dan rekabentuk simulasi sinaran laser berdasarkan FSO komersial di lapangan. Bahagian kedua kajian adalah kerja lapangan dan analisis prestasi sistem.KEY WORDS:Â Free Space Optics (FSO) link; Multiple TX/RX FSO; bit error rate (BER); eye diagram.
Propanoyl(1Z)-N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-2-oxopropanehydrazonoate as inhibitor for corrosion of 6061 Al alloy15 % (v) SiC(p) composite in hydrochloric acid media
Authors: U Achutha Kini , Shetty Prakasha , S Divakara Shetty , Herle Ramadev , Isloor Arun 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT: The corrosion inhibition effect of Propanoyl(1Z)-N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-2-oxopropanehydrazonoate (PDOH) in the corrosion of 6061 Aluminium alloy-15%(v) SiC(p)Â composite in 0.5 and 1M hydrochloric acid medium at four different temperatures (30, 40, 50 and 60 â°C) was investigated using potentio-static polarization (Tafel extrapolation and Linear polarization) and weight loss methods. The results obtained reveal that PDOH is an efficient corrosion inhibitor with around 96% inhibition efficiency within the range of temperature studied. Leftward and downward shifts in Tafel plots were observed with the addition of the inhibitor, indicating that PDOH inhibits the corrosion process effectively, and that it is a cathodic inhibitor. Corrosion rate increases and inhibition efficiency decreases with increase in temperature. Results obtained by Tafel extrapolation, linear polarization, and weight loss methods are in agreement. The adsorption of the inhibitor onto the surface of the 6061 Al alloy 15 % (v) SiC(p)Â composite is found to obey Temkins' adsorption isotherm that verifies the assumption of mono-layer adsorption on a uniform homogeneous composite surface with an interaction in the adsorption layer. The inhibition is therefore governed by the physisorption mechanism.ABSTRAK: Kesan perencatan kakisan Propanoyl(1Z)-N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-2-oxopropanehydrazonoate (PDOH) ke atas kakisan komposit aloi Al 6061-15%(v) SiC(p) dalam media asid hidroklorik 0.5 dan 1M pada suhu-suhu yang berbeza (30, 40, 50 dan 60â°C) telah dikaji menggunakan polarisasi statik-upaya (extrapolarisasi Tafel dan polarisasi Linear) dan kaedah kehilangan berat. Keputusan diperolehi menunjukkan PDOH adalah perencat yang efisien dengan 96 % keupayaan perencatan bagi julat suhu yag dikaji. Anjakan ke kiri dan ke bawah plot Tafel dapat dilihat dengan penambahan perencat, menunjukkan PDOH merencatkan proses kakisan dengan berkesan, dan ia adalah perencat katodik. Dengan peningkatan suhu, kadar kakisan meningkat dan keberkesanan perencatan menurun. Keputusan dari ekstrapolasi Tafel, polarisasi linear dan kehilangan berat.adalah saling bersetuju antara satu sama lain. Penjerapan perencat ke atas permukaan komposit aloi 6061 Al alloy 15 % (v) SiC(p) memenuhi penjerapan Temkinsâ€™ isoterma yang mengesahkan andaian penjerapan lapisan-mono ke atas permukaan komposit homogenus yang seragam melalui interaksi pada lapisan penjerapan. Perencatan dikawal oleh mekanisma fizijerapan.
A VOLTAGE STABILIZER FOR A MICROGRID SYSTEM WITH TWO TYPES OF DISTRIBUTED GENERATION RESOURCES
Authors: Mahzarnia Maedeh , Sheikholeslami Abdolreza , Adabi J. 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT:Â Microgrids are used as controllable units connected to power grid, in which the electrical distances between reactive power sources and the loads that need the reactive compensation are not too much. Thus, a coordinated compensation of reactive sources has to be implemented in order to avoid a fast voltage collapse by proposing a Microgrid Voltage Stabilizer (MGVS). This stabilizer is desirable to improve the dynamic voltage profile and is tested at a 21-bus IEEE microgrid system. In order to verify the performance of this stabilizer, three distributed generation (DG) resources are utilized in this microgrid (Two PV resources which are categorized as power-electronic converter based on DG and a diesel generator which is known as synchronous machine-based on DG). At first, the mentioned resources and all of their needed equipments are modeled. Then a control model of the stabilizer with appropriate parameters for the proposed microgrid is presented. Voltage deficiency of the system is the input of the stabilizer, and the output signal of the stabilizer, is divided between the DGs in order to provide required reactive power. The dynamic voltage profile of buses in the presence of MGVS and its absence has been compared by implying disturbances. Simulation results in MATLAB/SIMULINK show that the dynamic voltage profile of the buses improves satisfactorily with the addition of MGVS.Â ABSTRAK: Grid mikro digunakan sebagai unit kawalan yang disambungkan kepada grid kuasa, di mana jarak elektrikal antara sumber kuasa reaktif dan bebanan yang memerlukan kompensasi reaktif tidak terlalu besar.Â Dengan itu, kompensasi yang selaras dengan sumber reaktif perlu diimplimentasikan untuk mengelak kegagalan voltan pantas dengan menggunakan Grid Mikro Penstabil Voltan (Microgrid Voltage Stabilizer - MGVS). Penstabil ini sesuai digunakan untuk meningkatkan profil voltan dinamik dan telah diuji ke atas sistem mikro grid 21-bus IEEE. Untuk memastikan keupayaan penstabil ini, tiga sumber penjanaan agihan (distributed generation - DG) telah digunakan (dua sumber PV yang dikategorikan sebagai pengubah kuasa elektronik berdasarkan DG dan penjana diesel yang dikenali sebagai mesin segerak berasaskan DG). Mulanya, semua sumber dan alatan yang diperlukan, diilustrasikan. Kemudian, satu model penstabil kawalan bersama parameter yang sesuai dengan mikro grid yang dikemukakan. KetakcukupanÂ voltan dalam sistem merupakan input penstabil, isyarat keluaran penstabil kemudiannya dibahagikan antara kesemua DG agar ia dapat menyalurkan kuasa reaktif yang diperlukan. Profil voltan dinamik setiap bus dengan kehadiran MGV dan ketidakhadirannya dibandingkan dengan mengimplikasikan gangguan. Keputusan simulasi menggunakan MATLAB/SIMULINK menunjukkan bahawa profil voltan dinamik setiap bus meningkat pada kadar yang memuaskan dengan kehadiran MGVS.
MEMS-BASED OSCILLATORS: A REVIEW
Authors: Karim Jamilah , Alam A. H. M. Zahirul , Nordin Anis Nurashikin 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT: This paper presents an overview of microelectromechanical (MEMS) based oscillators. The accuracy and stability of the reference frequency will normally limit the performance of most wireless communication systems. MEMS technology is the technology of choice due to its compatibility to silicon, leading to integration with circuits and lowering power consumption. MEMS based oscillators also provide the potential of a fully integrated transceiver. The most commonly used topology for MEMS based oscillators are pierce oscillator circuit topology and TIA circuit topology. Both topologies result in very competitive output in terms of phase noise and power consumption.Â They can be used for either higher or lower Rx. The major difference between both topologies is the number of transistors used. TIA circuit used more number of transistor compare to pierce circuit. Thus design complexity of the TIA is higher. Pierce circuit is simpler, provide straightforward biasing and easier to design. The highly integratable of MEMS-based oscillators have made them much needed in future multiband wireless system. So that future wireless systems are able to function globally without any problem.

ABSTRAK: Kertas kerja ini membentangkan gambaran keseluruhan mikroelektromekanikal (MEMS) berdasarkan pengayun.Â Ketepatan dan kestabilan frekuensi rujukan sering membataskan perlaksanaan kebanyakan sistem komunikasi tanpa wayar. Teknologi MEMS merupakan teknologi pilihan memandangkan ia serasi dengan silikon; membolehkan integrasi dengan litar dan penggunaan tenaga yang rendah.Â Pengayun berdasarkan MEMS jugaÂ berpotensi sebagai integrasi penuh penghantar-terima. Topologi yang sering digunakan untuk pengayun berdasarkan MEMS adalah topologi litar pengayun pencantas dan topologi litar TIA.Â Keputusan bagi kedua-dua topologi adalah amat kompetitif dari segi fasa bunyi dan penggunaan tenaga. Ia boleh digunakan untuk meninggikan atau merendahkan Rx. Perbezaan utama di antara kedua-dua topologi adalah bilangan transistor yang digunakan. Litar TIA menggunakan bilangan transistor yang lebih daripada litar pencantas.Â Maka, rekaan TIA adalah lebih rumit.Â Litar pencantas adalah lebih ringkas, memberikan pincangan yang jelas dan rekabentuk yang mudah. Pengayun berdasarkan MEMS amat bersepadu menjadikan ia sesuai sebagai sistem tanpa wayar berbilang jalur masa depan.Â Jesteru sistem tanpa wayar dapat berfungsi pada peringkat global tanpa sebarang kesulitan.
APPROXIMATE FUNCTION FOR UNSTEADY AERODYNAMIC KERNEL FUNCTION OF AEROELASTIC LIFTING SURFACES
Authors: Sulaeman Erwin , Ahmed Layeeq 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT: Prediction of unsteady aerodynamic loads is still the most challenging task in flutter aeroelastic analysis. Generally the numerical estimation of steady and unsteady aerodynamic of thin lifting surface is conducted based on an integral equation relating aerodynamic pressure and normal wash velocity. The present work attempts to increase the accuracy of the prediction by using an approximate approach to evaluate kernel function occurring in the integral equation in the form of cylindrical function.Â Following previous approximation approach by other researchers to solve the cylindrical function for planar lifting surfaces, in the present work such approach is extended to non planar lifting surfaces.Â To increase the accuracy of the method, the integration region of the kernel function is divided into two parts namely near and far regions, where a nonlinear regression curve fitting technique is adapted to approximate the denominator part of the cylindrical function of each region.ABSTRAK: Penelahan daya aerodinamik tidak stabil merupakan satu tugas yang mencabar dalam menganalisis getaran aeroanjalan. Umumnya, anggaran berangka untuk daya aerodinamik stabil dan tidak stabil pada permukaan mengangkat yang nipis, adalah berdasarkan kepada persamaan kamiran di antara tekanan aerodinamik danÂ halaju aliran udara pada garis normal yang terhasil di bawah sayap pesawat. Kajian ini adalah bertujuan untuk menghasilkan penelahan daya aerodinamik yang lebih tepat dengan menggunakan pendekatan kira hampir untuk menilai fungsi Kernel yang terdapat dalam persamaan kamiran dalam bentuk fungsi silinder. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan kira hampir yang digunakan oleh penyelidik sebelumnya untuk menyelesaikan fungsi silinder pada permukaan mengangkat satah, kajian ini mengembangkan pendekatan tersebut kepada permukaan mengangkat tak sesatah. Untuk meningkatkan lagi ketepatan penelahan, kawasan pengamiran fungsi Kernel dibahagikan kepada dua bahagian, kawasan hampir dan kawasan jauh, di mana penyuaian lengkung regresi tak linear digunakan untuk kiraan hampir penyebut pada fungsi silinder pada setiap kawasan.
A STUDY ON HEALTH MONITORING SYSTEM: RECENT ADVANCEMENTS
Authors: Arshad Atika , Khan Sheroz , Alam AHM Zahirul , Ahmad Fadzil Ismail , Tasnim Rumana 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT: A proliferating interest has been observed over the past years in the development of an accurate system for monitoring continuous human activities in the health care sectors, especially for the elderly. This paper conducts a survey of the various techniques and methods that are proposed to monitor the movements and activities of the elderly people. These techniques promise a useful and dependable detection system to give support and lessen the medical expenses of health care for the elderly. The detection approaches are divided into five main categories: wearable device based, wireless based, ambience device based, vision based and floor sensor / electric field sensors based. These techniques have focused on the pros and cons of the existing methods for recognizing the prospective scope of research in the domain of health monitoring systems. Apart from highlighting and analyzing the features of the existing techniques, perspectives on probable future studies have been detailed. ABSTRAK: Dewasa ini, pembangunan sistem yang tepat untuk memantau aktiviti berterusan terutamanya dalam sektor kesihatan warga tua mula mendapat tempat. Kaji selidik telah dijalankan dengan pelbagai teknik dan kaedah untuk meninjau pergerakan dan aktiviti golongan warga tua. Kaedah-kaedah ini memberikan sistem pengesanan yang berguna dan dipercayai untuk memberikan sokongan serta mengurangkan kos perubatan kesihatan bagi golongan tua. Pendekatan pengesanan dibahagikan kepada lima kategori utama; alatan yang dapat dipakai, alatan tanpa wayar, alatan berdasarkan persekitaran, alatan berasaskan penglihatan dan alatan berdasarkan pengesan pada lantai / medan elektrik.Â Teknik-teknik ini memfokuskan kepada pro dan kontra kaedah yang sedia ada untuk mengenalpasti skop prospektif penyelidikan dalam domain sistem pengawasan kesihatan.Â Selain daripada mengetengah dan menganalisa ciri-ciri teknik yang sedia ada, perspektif kajian akan datang juga diperincikan.KEYWORDS:Â health monitoring; elderly; wearable device; wireless device; ambience device, vision analysis; floor sensors