bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metabolomics approach to investigate the ergogenic effect of Morinda citrifolia L. leaf extract on obese Sprague Dawley rats
Authors: Abdul Majid Nordiana , Abdul Hamid Azizah , Salleh Syafiq Zikri , Saari Nazamid , Abas Faridah , Pak Dek Mohd Sabri , Ramli Nurul Shazini , Jaafar Ahmad Haniff 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIntroductionNatural products are obtaining much acceptance as ergogenic aid, not only among athletes but also among the general population including people with excess body fat. Under normal circumstances, an obese person will have the desire and ability to exercise reduced; mainly because they are easily fatigued. Thus, they need to boost their energy production so that they can be more active and healthier.ObjectiveIn this present work, Morinda citrifolia L. leaf extract (MLE) which is believed to possess ergogenic property, was evaluated on its effect on an obese animal model using 1H‐NMR based metabolomics.Material and MethodsRats were fed with high fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks for obese development. Once this was achieved, all the rats underwent endurance exercise (forced swimming test) every 2 weeks for 8 weeks together with treatment. The time to exhaustion was recorded for each rat. Three different dosages of MLE: 50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg of body weight were used together with two positive controls: 5 mg/kg caffeine and 100 mg/kg green tea. Blood was collected before and after treatments for metabolomics study.ResultsFindings showed that feeding the rats at a dose of 200 mg/kg body weight MLE significantly prolonged the exhaustive swimming time of the rats, and altered the metabolites present in their serum. Discriminating metabolites involved were the product of various metabolic pathways, including carbohydrate, lipids metabolism and energy metabolism. Treatment with 200 mg/kg body weight MLE resulted in significant improvement in the metabolic perturbations where the proximity of the obese exercised treated group to that of normal exercised group in the partial least squares discriminant analysis score plot was observed.ConclusionThe present work demonstrated ergogenic property of MLE based on the improved metabolic perturbation in exercised obese rats.
Effect of Monomer Composition on the Performance of Polymer‐Stabilized Liquid Crystals with Two‐Step Photopolymerization
Authors: Zhang Dongdong , Cao Hui , Duan Manyu , Wang Huihui , Chen Yinjie , Zong Cheng , Gan Ping , Zhao Limin , Yang Zhou , Wang Dong , He Wanli 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTPolymer‐stabilized cholesteric liquid crystal (PSCLC) films with broadband reflection based on two‐step photopolymerization are fabricated. Owing to the helical twisting power (HTP) value of the chiral dopant (CD) decreasing with increasing temperature, PSCLC films with broadband reflection are obtained by two‐step polymerization anchoring helical pitch of different length at two different temperature points. The effect of monomer composition on the PSCLC reflection properties before and after polymerization was studied. The results show that the free‐radical monomers with appropriate concentration and cationic monomers with sufficient concentration are vital for the formation of PSCLC films with broadband reflection. In addition, the experiments show that the increase in the functionality and rigidity of the cationic monomer has a positive effect on the broadening of the reflection band. This study can provide guidance and reference for the selection of monomer species and concentration in PSCLC preparation. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2019, 57, 1126–1132
Functional plasma polymer films for the purification of pancreatic β cells
Authors: Babaei Sara , Sabbatier Gad , Hoesli Corinne A. , Girard‐Lauriault Pierre‐Luc 
Published: August 2019

AbstractPure pancreatic β cells play a major role in multiple areas of diabetic research, nevertheless, the separation of β cells remains a challenge. The objective of this study is to show the feasibility of using plasma polymers to remove fibroblasts from β cells. Oxygen‐ and nitrogen‐rich organic coatings with different O and N concentrations were prepared by plasma copolymerization of binary gas mixtures combining a hydrocarbon and a heteroatom‐containing gas. The separation of cell pancreatic and fibroblast cell lines was tested using various plasma polymers. The results showed that a unique oxygen‐rich coating with ∼13% of oxygen, promoted fibroblast separation with 82% selectivity. The results support the concept that plasma polymers could be a suitable substrate for the selective adhesion and removal of fibroblasts.
3,5–Bis(2–Hydroxyphenyl)–1H–1,2,4–Triazole Derivatives: Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Insecticidal Activity
Authors: Fan Chang‐Chun , Jiao Shu‐Lin , Qin Min , Zou Zhi‐Hong 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIn an effort to discover new molecules with good insecticidal activities, a series of 3,5‐bis (2‐hydroxyphenyl)‐1H‐1,2,4‐triazole derivatives were synthesized. The X–ray crystallographic and Hirshfeld surface calculation study of compound 4 c reveal the structural characteristics and strong intermolecular interactions and also evaluated for it's insecticidal activity. The bioassays data demonstrate that all the target compounds possess remarkable activities against broad bean aphid with the mortalities ranging from 98.12% to 100% at the concentration of 100 mg/L. In particular, methyl 4‐[3,5‐bis(2–hydroxyphenyl)‐1H‐1,2,4‐triazol‐1‐yl] benzoate (85.53%) shows higher activity than dinotefuran (85.25%) at the concentration of 10 mg/L whereas other compounds display low activity at the same concentration. The docking model of compound 4a shows possible mechanism of insecticidal action of target compounds. These results indicate that 3,5−bis (2−hydroxyphenyl) ‐1H‐1,2,4–triazole derivatives could be developed as novel and promising insecticides.
Impact of H‐Doping on n‐Type TMD Channels for Low‐Temperature Band‐Like Transport
Authors: Lee Han Sol , Park Sam , Lim June Yeong , Yu Sanghyuck , Ahn Jongtae , Hwang Do Kyung , Sim Yumin , Lee Je‐Ho , Seong Maeng‐Je , Oh Sehoon , Choi Hyoung Joon , Im Seongil 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBand‐like transport behavior of H‐doped transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) channels in field effect transistors (FET) is studied by conducting low‐temperature electrical measurements, where MoTe2, WSe2, and MoS2 are chosen for channels. Doped with H atoms through atomic layer deposition, those channels show strong n‐type conduction and their mobility increases without losing on‐state current as the measurement temperature decreases. In contrast, the mobility of unintentionally (naturally) doped TMD FETs always drops at low temperatures whether they are p‐ or n‐type. Density functional theory calculations show that H‐doped MoTe2, WSe2, and MoS2 have Fermi levels above conduction band edge. It is thus concluded that the charge transport behavior in H‐doped TMD channels is metallic showing band‐like transport rather than thermal hopping. These results indicate that H‐doped TMD FETs are practically useful even at low‐temperature ranges.
Water Harvesting of Bioinspired Microfibers with Rough Spindle‐Knots from Microfluidics
Authors: Liu Yufang , Yang Nan , Li Xin , Li Jinghui , Pei Wenle , Xu Yiwen , Hou Yongping , Zheng Yongmei 
Published: August 2019

AbstractHeterostructure rough spindle‐knot microfibers (HRSFs) are fabricated via a flexible parallel‐nozzle microfluidic method. In this method, the bioinspired HRSF with a roughness gradient between spindle‐knots and joints, can be manufactured in large‐scale, and with which the size of the spindle‐knots and joints can be precisely adjusted by regulating flow rates. The HRSFs, fabricated with chitosan and calcium alginate, have strong mechanical properties and corrosion resistance in acid environment (pH = 5) and alkaline environment (pH = 9), respectively. More attractively, under controlled treatment conditions, the morphology of the spindle‐knots on the HRSFs can be effectively managed by changing the composite content of calcium chloride in the fluid. During the water collection process, tiny droplets of moisture can be captured on the surface of the HRSFs, subsequently, the droplets can coalesce and be transported from joint to spindle‐knot sections. It is demonstrated that the surface morphology of spindle‐knots directly influences the water collection efficiency, where a higher roughness gradient generates higher water collection efficiency. This parallel‐nozzle microfluidic technology provides a low‐cost and flexible method to manufacture high biocompatibility bioinspired rough spindle‐knot microfibers, which has many potential applications in large‐scale water collection, sustained drug release, and directional water collection.
Light‐Emitting Diodes with Cu‐Doped Colloidal Quantum Wells: From Ultrapure Green, Tunable Dual‐Emission to White Light
Authors: Liu Baiquan , Sharma Manoj , Yu Junhong , Shendre Sushant , Hettiarachchi Chathuranga , Sharma Ashma , Yeltik Aydan , Wang Lin , Sun Handong , Dang Cuong , Demir Hilmi Volkan 
Published: August 2019

AbstractCopper‐doped colloidal quantum wells (Cu‐CQWs) are considered a new class of optoelectronic materials. To date, the electroluminescence (EL) property of Cu‐CQWs has not been revealed. Additionally, it is desirable to achieve ultrapure green, tunable dual‐emission and white light to satisfy the various requirement of display and lighting applications. Herein, light‐emitting diodes (LEDs) based on colloidal Cu‐CQWs are demonstrated. For the 0% Cu‐doped concentration, the LED exhibits Commission Internationale de L'Eclairage 1931 coordinates of (0.103, 0.797) with a narrow EL full‐wavelength at half‐maximum of 12 nm. For the 0.5% Cu‐doped concentration, a dual‐emission LED is realized. Remarkably, the dual emission can be tuned by manipulating the device engineering. Furthermore, at a high doping concentration of 2.4%, a white LED based on CQWs is developed. With the management of doping concentrations, the color tuning (green, dual‐emission to white) is shown. The findings not only show that LEDs with CQWs can exhibit polychromatic emission but also unlock a new direction to develop LEDs by exploiting 2D impurity‐doped CQWs that can be further extended to the application of other impurities (e.g., Mn, Ag).
Water resilience lessons from Cape Town's water crisis
Authors: Rodina Lucy 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIn the aftermath of the acute water crisis, building resilience in the water sector has become a priority for the City of Cape Town. In this piece, I discuss several emerging lessons from Cape Town's experience and their implications for water resilience more broadly. While having avoided “Day Zero,” Cape Town has also demonstrated how unprepared many municipalities might be as they face growing variability and uncertainty in the hydrologic cycle. Second, Cape Town's experience also signals the limits of conventional demand and supply paradigms that focus on high efficiency and overallocation of water resources. Furthermore, Cape Town's deeply unequal waterscape and acutely divisive politics are among the most important factors that shaped not only how the crisis unfolded, but also the ability of governance systems to respond in a timely and adequate manner.This article is categorized under:
Engineering Water > Planning Water
Human Water > Water Governance
Regulation of insulin and adipokinetic hormone/glucagon production in flies
Authors: Ahmad Muhammad , He Li , Perrimon Norbert 
Published: August 2019

AbstractMetabolic homeostasis is under strict regulation of humoral factors across various taxa. In particular, insulin and glucagon, referred to in Drosophila as Drosophila insulin‐like peptides (DILPs) and adipokinetic hormone (AKH), respectively, are key hormones that regulate metabolism in most metazoa. While much is known about the regulation of DILPs, the mechanisms regulating AKH/glucagon production is still poorly understood. In this review, we describe the various factors that regulate the production of DILPs and AKH and emphasize the need for future studies to decipher how energy homeostasis is governed in Drosophila.This article is categorized under:
Invertebrate Organogenesis > Flies
Signaling Pathways > Global Signaling Mechanisms
One‐Year Postoperative Mortality in MEN1 Patients Operated on Gastric and Duodenopancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors: An AFCE and GTE Cohort Study
Authors: Christou Niki , Mathonnet Muriel , Gaujoux Sébastien , Cadiot Guillaume , Deguelte Sophie , Kraimps Jean‐Louis , Lifante Jean‐Christophe , Menegaux Fabrice , Mirallié Eric , Muscari Fabrice , Carnaille Bruno , Pattou François , Sauvanet Alain , Goudet Pierre 
Published: August 2019

AbstractImportanceIn MEN1 patients with gastric and duodenopancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GPD‐NET), surgery aims to control secretions or to prevent metastatic spread, but after GPD‐NET resection, postoperative mortality may be related to the surgery itself or to other associated MEN1 lesions with their own uncontrolled secretions or metastatic behavior.ObjectiveTo analyze the causes of death within 1 year following a GPD‐NET resection in MEN1 patients.DesignAn observational study collecting data from the Groupe d’étude des Tumeurs Endocrines (GTE) database. The analysis considered the time between surgery and death (early deaths [<1 month after surgery] versus delayed deaths [beyond 1 month after surgery]) and the period (before 1990 vs after 1990). Causes of death were classified as related to GDP surgery, related to surgery for other MEN1 lesions or not related to MEN1 causes.SettingGTE database which includes 1220 MEN1 patients and 441 GPD‐NET resections.ParticipantsFour hundred and forty‐one GPD‐NET resections.Main outcome measuresThe primary end point was postoperative mortality within 1 year after surgery.ResultsTwenty‐four patients met the inclusion criteria (2%). Median age at death was 50.5 years. Sixteen deaths occurred in the 30‐day postoperative period (76%). Among the 8 delayed deaths, 3 occurred as a result of medical complications between 30 and 90 postoperative days. After 1990, mean age at death increased from 48 to 58 years (p = 0.09), deaths related to uncontrolled acid secretion disappeared (p < 0.001) and deaths related to associated MEN1 lesions increased from 8 to 54% (p = 0.16).ConclusionSurgery and uncontrolled secretions remain the two main causes of death in MEN1 patients operated for a GPD‐NET tumor. Improving the prognosis of these patients requires a strict evaluation of the secretory syndrome and MEN1 aggressiveness before GDP surgery.
Use of Fe-C Information as Reference for Alloying Effects on BS
Authors: Leach Lindsay , Kolmskog Peter , Höglund Lars , Hillert Mats , Borgenstam Annika 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Many empirical equations of the variation of the critical temperature with alloy content of the start of bainite formation in steels are available. They are often obtained by regression analysis of measured values for a large number of alloyed steels, usually with several alloying elements. However, such equations differ considerably, especially when applied to pure Fe-C alloys, which results in large differences between reported effects of individual alloying elements since they have not been based on the Fe-C system as a reference. Apparently, for the first time, an empirical equation is now derived by starting with information from Fe-C alloys and low alloy steels and then adding the effect of each alloying element separately, using information from ternary Fe-C-M alloys. Sets of information from the same alloy content but different carbon contents proved particularly useful. Lines connecting such points are regarded as

$$ B_{\text{S}} $$

B
S

lines for the respective alloy content and the effect of alloying elements was evaluated from their distance from the

$$ B_{\text{S}} $$

B
S

line for Fe-C alloys. Only under this condition can coefficients for alloying elements be expected to represent the physical effect of the elements. The resulting equation was tested with about 600 experimental

$$ B_{\text{S}} $$

B
S

temperatures.
Assessing the computational complexity of multilayer subgraph detection
Authors: Bredereck Robert , Komusiewicz Christian , Kratsch Stefan , Molter Hendrik , Niedermeier Rolf , Sorge Manuel 
Published: August 2019

AbstractMultilayer graphs consist of several graphs, called layers, where the vertex set of all layers is the same but each layer has an individual edge set. They are motivated by real-world problems where entities (vertices) are associated via multiple types of relationships (edges in different layers). We chart the border of computational (in)tractability for the class of subgraph detection problems on multilayer graphs, including fundamental problems such as maximum-cardinality matching, finding certain clique relaxations, or path problems. Mostly encountering hardness results, sometimes even for two or three layers, we can also spot some islands of computational tractability.
Climbing halo merger trees with TreeFrog
Authors: Elahi Pascal J. , Poulton Rhys J. J. , Tobar Rodrigo J. , Cañas Rodrigo , Lagos Claudia del P. , Power Chris , Robotham Aaron S. G. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractWe present TreeFrog, a massively parallel halo merger tree builder that is capable comparing different halo catalogues and producing halo merger trees. The code is written in c++11, use the MPI and OpenMP API’s for parallelisation, and includes python tools to read/manipulate the data products produced. The code correlates binding energy sorted particle ID lists between halo catalogues, determining optimal descendant/progenitor matches using multiple snapshots, a merit function that maximises the number of shared particles using pseudo-radial moments, and a scheme for correcting halo merger tree pathologies. Focusing on VELOCIraptor catalogues for this work, we demonstrate how searching multiple snapshots spanning a dynamical time significantly reduces the number of stranded halos, those lacking a descendant or a progenitor, critically correcting poorly resolved halos. We present a new merit function that improves the distinction between primary and secondary progenitors, reducing tree pathologies. We find FOF accretion rates and merger rates show similar mass ratio dependence. The model merger rates from Poole, et al. [2017, 472, 3659] agree with the measured net growth of halos through mergers.
Mucosal microbial parasites/symbionts in health and disease: an integrative overview
Authors: Hirt Robert P. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractMicrobial parasites adapted to thrive at mammalian mucosal surfaces have evolved multiple times from phylogenetically distant lineages into various extracellular and intracellular life styles. Their symbiotic relationships can range from commensalism to parasitism and more recently some host–parasites interactions are thought to have evolved into mutualistic associations too. It is increasingly appreciated that this diversity of symbiotic outcomes is the product of a complex network of parasites–microbiota–host interactions. Refinement and broader use of DNA based detection techniques are providing increasing evidence of how common some mucosal microbial parasites are and their host range, with some species being able to swap hosts, including from farm and pet animals to humans. A selection of examples will illustrate the zoonotic potential for a number of microbial parasites and how some species can be either disruptive or beneficial nodes in the complex networks of host–microbe interactions disrupting or maintaining mucosal homoeostasis. It will be argued that mucosal microbial parasitic diversity will represent an important resource to help us dissect through comparative studies the role of host–microbe interactions in both human health and disease.
Healthy retirement begins at school: educational differences in the health outcomes of early transitions into retirement
Authors: Allel Kasim , León Ana Sofía , Staudinger Ursula M. , Calvo Esteban 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe literature on socio-economic variations in the association between retirement timing and health is inconclusive and largely limited to the moderating role of occupation. By selecting the sample case of Mexico where a sizeable number of older adults have no or very little formal education, this study allows the moderating role of education to be tested properly. Drawing on panel data for 2,430 individuals age 50 and over from the Mexican Health and Aging Study (MHAS) and combining propensity score matching models with fixed-effects regressions, this article investigates differences in the health effects of retirement timing between older adults with varying years of education. Subjective health is measured using a self-reported assessment of respondents’ overall health and physical health as a reverse count of doctor-diagnosed chronic diseases. The results indicate that early transitions into retirement are associated with worse health outcomes, but education fully compensates for the detrimental association with subjective and physical health, while adjusting for baseline health, demographics and socio-economic characteristics. In conclusion, formal education during childhood and adolescence is associated with a long-term protective effect on health. It attenuates negative health consequences of early retirement transitions. Policies and programmes promoting healthy and active ageing would benefit from considering the influence of formal education in shaping older adults’ health after the transition into retirement.
Third time lucky: challenging secundum atrial septal defect
Authors: Ordoñez Maria Victoria , Moharem-Elgamal Sarah , Bedair Radwa 
Published: August 2019

AbstractSecundum atrial septal defect is the most common form of interatrial communication. Atrial septal defects can present in young adults with a variety of clinical presentations, including breathlessness on effort, palpitations, or stroke. Clinical heart failure and resting desaturation are both rarely seen in young patients. We present a case of a young man with a secundum atrial septal defect and a diagnosis of constrictive pericarditis, only made after two attempts at surgical correction of the atrial septal defect, with pericardiectomy at the third attempt and subsequent symptomatic improvement.