bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deriving via: or, how to turn hand-written instances into an anti-pattern
Authors: Blöndal Baldur , Löh Andres , Scott Ryan 
Published: December 2018

Haskell's deriving construct is a cheap and cheerful way to quickly generate instances of type classes that follow common patterns. But at present, there is only a subset of such type class patterns that deriving supports, and if a particular class lies outside of this subset, then one cannot derive it at all, with no alternative except for laboriously declaring the instances by hand.
To overcome this deficit, we introduce Deriving Via, an extension to deriving that enables programmers to compose instances from named programming patterns, thereby turning deriving into a high-level domain-specific language for defining instances. Deriving Via leverages newtypes---an already familiar tool of the Haskell trade---to declare recurring patterns in a way that both feels natural and allows a high degree of abstraction.
The Thoralf plugin: for your fancy type needs
Authors: Otwani Divesh , Eisenberg Richard A. 
Published: December 2018

Many fancy types (e.g., generalized algebraic data types, type families) require a type checker plugin. These fancy types have a type index (e.g., type level natural numbers) with an equality relation that is difficult or impossible to represent using GHC's built-in type equality. The most practical way to represent these equality relations is through a plugin that asserts equality constraints. However, such plugins are difficult to write and reason about.
In this paper, we (1) present a formal theory of reasoning about the correctness of type checker plugins for type indices, and, (2) apply this theory in creating Thoralf, a generic and extensible plugin for type indices that translates GHC constraint problems to queries to an external SMT solver. By "generic and extensible", we mean the restrictions on extending Thoralf are slight, and, if some type index could be encoded as an SMT sort, then a programmer could extend Thoralf by providing this encoding function.
AACR White Paper: Shaping the Future of Cancer Prevention – A Roadmap for Advancing Science and Public Health
Authors: Lippman Scott M. , Abate-Shen Cory , Colbert Maresso Karen L. , Colditz Graham A. , Dannenberg Andrew J. , Davidson Nancy E. , Disis Mary L. , DuBois Raymond N. , Szabo Eva , Giuliano Anna R. , Hait William N. , Lee J. Jack , Kensler Thomas W. , Kramer Barnett S. , Limburg Paul , Maitra Anirban , Martinez Maria Elena , Rebbeck Timothy R. , Schmitz Kathryn H. , Vilar Eduardo , Hawk Ernest T. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
The recent pace, extent, and impact of paradigm-changing cancer prevention science has been remarkable. The American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) convened a 3-day summit, aligned with five research priorities: (i) Precancer Atlas (PCA). (ii) Cancer interception. (iii) Obesity-cancer linkage, a global epidemic of chronic low-grade inflammation. (iv) Implementation science. (v) Cancer disparities. Aligned with these priorities, AACR co-led the Lancet Commission to formally endorse and accelerate the NCI Cancer Moonshot program, facilitating new global collaborative efforts in cancer control. The expanding scope of creative impact is perhaps most startling—from NCI-funded built environments to AACR Team Science Awarded studies of Asian cancer genomes informing global primary prevention policies; cell-free epigenetic marks identifying incipient neoplastic site; practice-changing genomic subclasses in myeloproliferative neoplasia (including germline variant tightly linked to JAK2 V617F haplotype); universal germline genetic testing for pancreatic cancer; and repurposing drugs targeting immune- and stem-cell signals (e.g., IL-1β, PD-1, RANK-L) to cancer interception. Microbiota-driven IL-17 can induce stemness and transformation in pancreatic precursors (identifying another repurposing opportunity). Notable progress also includes hosting an obesity special conference (connecting epidemiologic and molecular perspectives to inform cancer research and prevention strategies), co-leading concerted national implementation efforts in HPV vaccination, and charting the future elimination of cancer disparities by integrating new science tools, discoveries and perspectives into community-engaged research, including targeted counter attacks on e-cigarette ad exploitation of children, Hispanics and Blacks. Following this summit, two unprecedented funding initiatives were catalyzed to drive cancer prevention research: the NCI Cancer Moonshot (e.g., PCA and disparities); and the AACR-Stand Up To Cancer bold “Cancer Interception” initiative.
Paisagens Internas
Authors: Bessler Ilana 
Published: December 2018

No contexto das narrativas visuais proponho pensarmos imageticamente as possibilidades das fronteiras contemporâneas. O espaço entre, o tempo entre. As fotografias remetem a espaços e tempos de construção de experiência e memória. Momentos contemplativos onde nossas paisagens internas, já experimentadas, podem atuar ressignificando constantemente o presente. Essas fotos são resíduos de outros projetos (Habitado e Unlived Memories) e foram ressignificadas nessa edição. Mostrando também o lugar e a abrangência de possibilidades das imagens produzidas e como a fotografia se comporta quando é deslocada da sua significação primária. A abertura e o ganho de interpretações e experimentações que se pode ter a partir de uma foto é imenso. Esse ensaio é sobre tudo isso. Sobre tantas possibilidades que existem em uma foto. É sobre fazer fotografia e olhar fotografia.
Trevo 2000: Results of a Large Real‐World Registry for Stent Retriever for Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Binning Mandy J. , Bartolini Bruno , Baxter Blaise , Budzik Ronald , English Joey , Gupta Rishi , Hedayat Hirad , Krajina Antonin , Liebeskind David , Nogueira Raul G. , Shields Ryan , Veznedaroglu Erol 
Published: December 2018

Background
Recent randomized controlled trials show benefit of thrombectomy for large vessel occlusion in stroke. Real‐world data aid in assessing reproducibility of outcomes outside of clinical trials. The Trevo Retriever Registry is a multicenter, international, prospective study designed to assess outcomes in a large cohort of patients.

Methods and Results

The Trevo Registry is a prospective database of patients with large vessel occlusion treated with the Trevo device as the first device. The primary end point is revascularization based on modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction score and secondary end points include 90‐day modified Rankin Scale, 90‐day mortality, neurological deterioration at 24 hours, and device/procedure related adverse events. Year 2008 patients were enrolled at 76 centers in 12 countries. Median admission National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale was 16 (interquartile range, 11–20). Occlusion sites were internal carotid artery (17.8%), middle cerebral artery (73.5%), posterior circulation (7.1%), and distal vascular locations (1.6%). A modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction 2b or 3 was achieved in 92.8% (95%
CI,
91.6, 93.9) of procedures, with 55.3% (95%
CI,
53.1, 57.5) of patients achieving modified Rankin Scale ≤2 at 3 months. Patients meeting revised 2015 American Heart Association criteria for thrombectomy had a 59.7% (95%
CI
, 56.0; 63.4) modified Rankin Scale 0 to 2 at 3 months, whereas 51.4% treated outside of American Heart Association criteria had modified Rankin Scale 0 to 2. 51.4% (95%
CI
, 49.6, 55.4). Symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage rate was 1.7% (95%
CI
, 1.2, 2.4).

Conclusions
The Trevo Retriever Registry represents real‐world data with stent retriever. The registry demonstrates similar reperfusion rates and outcomes in the community compared with rigorous centrally adjudicated clinical trials. Future subgroup analysis of this cohort will assist in identifying areas of future research.

Clinical Trial Registration

URL
:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier:
NCT
02040259.
“In Overlandsche ende in Duytsche sprake” und “Die alghemene Duytsche tael”
Authors: de Grauwe Luc 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
The first printed Dutch grammar was entitled Twe-spraack vande Nederduitsche letterkunst (1548). In many places, the grammar names its own language simply Duytsch, but the book also uses this term – depending on context or audience, not seldom melting one significance into another – for what now is known as ‘Continental (West) Germanic’ (“Ick spreeck int ghemeen vande duytse taal, die zelve voor één taal houdende”, p. 110), referring to the entire complex of linguistic varieties, which nowadays come under the cognate standard languages Dutch (formerly in English Low/Nether Dutch) and German (High Dutch). Many textbooks, grammars, dictionaries etc. in 16th- to 18th-century Netherlands and Flanders strikingly reserved simple Duytsch for their own language (hence Dutch), contrasting it with ‘marked’ Hoogduytsch or even Overland(t)sch (avoiding hyperonymic -duytsch!). In addition to a treatment of the term Duytsch, this article also deals with some other, strongly related cruces in the Twe-spraack.
A New Method to Characterize Changes in the Seasonal Cycle of Snowpack
Authors: Evan Amato T. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractIn the western United States, water stored as mountain snowpack is a large percentage of the total water needed to meet the region’s demands, and it is likely that, as the planet continues to warm, mountain snowpack will decline. However, detecting such trends in the observational record is challenging because snowpack is highly variable in both space and time. Here, a method for characterizing mountain snowpack is developed that is based on fitting observed annual cycles of snow water equivalent (SWE) to a gamma-distribution probability density function. A new method for spatially interpolating the distribution’s fitting parameters to create a gridded climatology of SWE is also presented. Analysis of these data shows robust trends in the shape of the annual cycle of snowpack in the western United States. Over the 1982–2017 water years, the annual cycle of snowpack is becoming narrower and more Gaussian. A narrowing of the annual cycle corresponds to a shrinking of the length of the winter season, primarily because snowpack melting is commencing earlier in the water year. Because the annual cycle of snowpack at high elevations tends to be more skewed than at lower elevations, a more Gaussian shape suggests that snowpack is becoming more characteristic of that at lower elevations. Although no robust downward trends in annual-mean SWE are found, robust trends in the shape of the SWE annual cycle have implications for regional water resources.
Observation-Based Source Terms in the Third-Generation Wave Model WAVEWATCH III: Updates and Verification
Authors: Liu Qingxiang , Rogers W. Erick , Babanin Alexander V. , Young Ian R. , Romero Leonel , Zieger Stefan , Qiao Fangli , Guan Changlong 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe observation-based source terms available in the third-generation wave model WAVEWATCH III (i.e., the ST6 package for parameterizations of wind input, wave breaking, and swell dissipation terms) are recalibrated and verified against a series of academic and realistic simulations, including the fetch/duration-limited test, a Lake Michigan hindcast, and a 1-yr global hindcast. The updated ST6 not only performs well in predicting commonly used bulk wave parameters (e.g., significant wave height and wave period) but also yields a clearly improved estimation of high-frequency energy level (in terms of saturation spectrum and mean square slope). In the duration-limited test, we investigate the modeled wave spectrum in a detailed way by introducing spectral metrics for the tail and the peak of the omnidirectional wave spectrum and for the directionality of the two-dimensional frequency–direction spectrum. The omnidirectional frequency spectrum E(f) from the recalibrated ST6 shows a clear transition behavior from a power law of approximately f−4 to a power law of about f−5, comparable to previous field studies. Different solvers for nonlinear wave interactions are applied with ST6, including the Discrete Interaction Approximation (DIA), the more expensive Generalized Multiple DIA (GMD), and the very expensive exact solutions [using the Webb–Resio–Tracy method (WRT)]. The GMD-simulated E(f) is in excellent agreement with that from WRT. Nonetheless, we find the peak of E(f) modeled by the GMD and WRT appears too narrow. It is also shown that in the 1-yr global hindcast, the DIA-based model overestimates the low-frequency wave energy (wave period T > 16 s) by 90%. Such model errors are reduced significantly by the GMD to ~20%.
Nasal Functions in Three-Dimensional Endoscopic Skull Base Surgery
Authors: Garzaro Massimiliano , Pecorari Giancarlo , Riva Giuseppe , Pennacchietti Valentina , Pacca Paolo , Raimondo Luca , Tron Eleonora , Ducati Alessandro , Zenga Francesco 
Published: December 2018

Objectives: Endoscopic transnasal transsphenoidal surgery has become the standard procedure for the majority of skull base diseases, including sellar, parasellar, and clival pathologies. The aim of this study was the objective evaluation of nasal airflow resistances and olfactory function in 3-dimensional (3D) endoscopic transnasal transsphenoidal surgery. Methods: One hundred patients who underwent 3D transnasal endoscopic surgery for sellar, parasellar, and clival diseases were enrolled. Active anterior rhinomanometry and Sniffin’ Sticks tests were performed before endoscopic surgery and at 3 and 6 months postoperatively. Results: No significant difference about nasal airflow resistance and olfactory function was observed between preoperative and postoperative subjective and objective scores. In the group of patients with sellar and parasellar diseases, a worst nasal respiratory function was seen when crusting was present, and a worst olfactory function was observed in patients with synechiae. Nasal functions returned to previous levels when crusting or synechiae solved. No statistically significant correlation was observed between the evaluated nasal functions and the reconstruction with flaps. Conclusions: The 3D endoscopic transnasal transsphenoidal surgery represents a more and more important tool in skull base surgery. It does not determine nasal respiratory and olfactory alterations after the treatment, without an increase in nasal complaints that could worsen quality of life.
Brinzolamide–brimonidine fixed combination for the prevention of intraocular pressure elevation after phacoemulsification
Authors: Georgakopoulos Constantine D , Kagkelaris Konstantinos , Pagoulatos Dionysios , Plotas Panagiotis , Makri Olga E 
Published: December 2018

Aim:To evaluate the effectiveness of brinzolamide–brimonidine fixed combination to control the intraocular pressure elevation throughout the first 24 h following uncomplicated phacoemulsification cataract surgery.Patients and Methods:A total of 62 patients who underwent phacoemulsification cataract surgery were included in this prospective randomized comparative case series. The brinzolamide–brimonidine fixed combination group (34 eyes) was administered a single dose of brinzolamide–brimonidine fixed combination immediately after phacoemulsification. No treatment was administered in the control group (28 eyes). Intraocular pressure was measured 1 day before surgery (baseline) and at 6, 12 and 24 h postoperatively.Results:The brinzolamide–brimonidine fixed combination group had significantly lower intraocular pressure at 6, 12 and 24 h after phacoemulsification compared to baseline (p < 0.0001 for all comparisons), while in control group, intraocular pressure was significantly higher at 6 and 12 h after surgery compared to baseline (p < 0.001 and p < 0.0001, respectively). In control group, an intraocular pressure elevation ⩾ 5 mm Hg was noted in 32.4% of the eyes at 6 and 12 h and in 5.9% of eyes at 24 h after surgery, while in brinzolamide–brimonidine fixed combination group, only 8.8% of the eyes at 6 h postoperatively had such an intraocular pressure elevation.Conclusion:The administration of a single drop of brinzolamide–brimonidine fixed combination effectively prevented intraocular pressure elevations and intraocular pressure spikes during the first 24 h after uneventful phacoemulsification.
Can CPD enhance student-centred teaching and encourage explicit instruction of International Baccalaureate Approaches to Learning skills? A qualitative formative assessment and summative evaluation of an IB school’s in-house CPD programme
Authors: Forrest Sandra 
Published: December 2018

This study aimed to involve International Baccalaureate (IB) teachers in formative assessment and summative evaluation of a continuing professional development (CPD) programme designed to facilitate a student-centred, process-focused approach in which the ‘Approaches to Learning’ (ATL) element of the IB curriculum takes a central role. Given its emphasis on participants’ collective perspectives, focus groups were selected as the data collection method. Respondents were twelve teachers with diverse backgrounds and experience, from different school departments, with varying teaching styles, epistemological beliefs and views regarding ATL. This study includes a discussion of the literature with reference to teachers’ beliefs, attitudes, values and knowledge, the role these play in teaching practices, the extent to which CPD may be able to influence them, and the elements of CPD which make teachers’ development more likely. Findings indicate that formatively assessing teachers’ development from CPD, and development itself, are ‘messy’ processes, as is trying to distinguish between ‘student-centred’ and ‘teacher-centred’ teaching in relation to facilitating self-regulated learning. Differences were identified in how experienced teachers, particularly those with Postgraduate Certificate in Education (PGCE) certification and new teachers, particularly those without a PGCE, reacted to CPD and developed in relation to the aims of CPD. However, these issues were mitigated over time by the CPD programme’s emphasis on collegiality and its coherence with previous CPD and IB standards for teaching and learning. Students’ increasing competence with, and acceptance of, student-centred teaching also made it easier for teachers to develop their practice, illuminating the nature of enculturation as a driver of learning. Importantly, formative assessment helped the researcher to understand the complex and incremental nature of teachers’ development as well as gain insights into how CPD contributed to that development. This investigation demonstrates that brief experiences of top down, whole school, ‘training model’ CPD can, indeed, enhance teachers’ student-centredness and facilitate explicit instruction of ATL skills, and illustrates the utility of using focus groups to formatively assess, and summatively evaluate, teachers’ CPD.
The role of perioperative cardiorespiratory support in post infarction ventricular septal rupture-related cardiogenic shock
Authors: Ariza-Solé Albert , Sánchez-Salado José C , Sbraga Fabrizio , Ortiz Daniel , González-Costello José , Blasco-Lucas Arnau , Alegre Oriol , Toral David , Lorente Victòria , Santafosta Eva , Toscano Jacobo , Izquierdo Andrea , Miralles Albert , Cequier Ángel 
Published: December 2018

Background: Current guidelines recommend emergency surgical correction in patients with post infarction ventricular septal rupture (PIVSR), but patients with multiorgan failure are commonly managed conservatively because of high surgical risk. We assessed characteristics and outcomes of operated PIVSR patients with or without the use of short-term ventricular assist devices (ST-VADs). We also assessed the impact of a ST-VAD on the performance of surgery Methods: We retrospectively analysed all consecutive patients with PIVSR between January 2004 and May 2017. Baseline clinical characteristics, use of ST-VAD and performance of surgery during admission were assessed. The main outcome measured was in-hospital mortality. Results: A total of 28 patients were included. Mean age was 69.2 years. Most patients (20/28, 71.4%) underwent surgical repair. ST-VADs were used in 11/28 patients (39.3%). This percentage progressively increased across the study period, from 22.2% (2/9) in 2004–2011 to 58.3% (7/12) in 2015–2017 ( p=0.091). Patients undergoing ST-VAD use had poorer INTERMACS status, higher values of creatinine, lactate and alanine aminotransferase and lower left ventricular ejection fraction as compared with operated patients without support. In-hospital mortality did not differ according to the use of ST-VADs in operated patients (27.3% without ST-VAD vs. 22.2% with ST-VAD, p=0.604). All five patients undergoing early preoperative venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenator support and delayed surgery survived at hospital discharge. Conclusions: ST-VAD use increased in patients with PIVSR. Despite a higher risk profile in operated patients undergoing ST-VAD use, mortality was not significantly different in these patients. Early preoperative venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation should be considered for very high risk PIVSR patients.
Detection of neuraminidase inhibitor-resistant influenza A (H1N1)pdm09 viruses obtained from influenza surveillance in Indonesia
Authors: Pawestri Hana Apsari , Nugraha Arie Ardiansyah , Hariastuti Nur Ika , Setiawaty Vivi 
Published: December 2018

Background: Influenza antiviral resistance has been shown to occur in many countries and is commonly found in influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 and A(H3N2). In this study, we monitored and investigated the neuraminidase inhibitor resistance of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses through the influenza surveillance system in Indonesia. Methods: A total of 4752 clinical specimens were collected from patients with influenza-like illness and severe acute respiratory infection during the year 2016. An allelic discrimination assay was conducted by a single base substitution or a single-nucleotide polymorphism that is specific to the H275 wild-type and Y275 mutant. Sequencing was performed to confirm the H275Y mutations, and we analysed the phylogenetic relationship. Results: The first occurrence of oseltamivir-resistant influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 was observed in the samples from the influenza-like illness surveillance. Two H275Y oseltamivir-resistant viruses (0.74%) out of 272 influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 positives were found. Both of them were collected from untreated patients. Conclusion: The number of oseltamivir-resistant influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses in Indonesia is very low. However, it is necessary to continue with active surveillance for oseltamivir resistance in severe and mild cases.