bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adjacent segment disease after posterior lumbar instrumentation surgery for degenerative disease: Incidence and risk factors
Authors: Bagheri Seyed Reza , Alimohammadi Ehsan , Zamani Froushani Alireza , Abdi Alireza 
Published: May 2019

Purpose: To identify risk factors for occurrence of symptomatic adjacent segment disease (ASD) after posterior lumbar instrumentation surgery. Methods: This retrospective study evaluated 630 patients who underwent posterior lumbar transpedicular instrumentation for degenerative lumbar disorders between April 2008 and April 2012. On the basis of developing ASD at follow-up, patients were categorized into two groups: the ASD group and the non-ASD (N-ASD) group. These two groups were compared for patient characteristics, surgical variables, and radiographic parameters to investigate the possible predictive factors of ASD. Results: Of the 630 individuals participated in the study, 76 (12.1%) patients had ASD. Mean and standard deviation of age were 61.37 ± 4.12 years for the ASD group and 62.37 ± 3.9 for the N-ASD group ( p = 0.79). The average follow-up period was 51 ± 2.2 months in the ASD group and 52 ± 2.3 months in the N-ASD group ( p = 0.691). There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of gender, diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension, smoking, and osteoporosis, with all p > 0.05. The logistic regression analysis demonstrated that higher preoperative body mass index (BMI; odds ratio (OR) 1.233, p = 0.005), preoperative disc degeneration (OR 1.033, p = 0.024), decreased postoperative lumbar lordosis (OR 3.080, p = 0.011), fusion at more than four levels (OR 4.280, p = 0.014), and intraoperative superior facet joint violation (OR 7.480, p = 0.009) were independently associated with ASD. Conclusions: Patients with higher preoperative BMI, preoperative disc degeneration, decreased postoperative lumbar lordosis, fusion at more than four levels, and intraoperative superior facet joint violation have a statistically significant increased risk of developing ASD.
miR-21-5p protects IL-1β-induced human chondrocytes from degradation
Authors: Zhu Hai , Yan Xin , Zhang Meng , Ji Feng , Wang Shouguo 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Objective
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent degenerative disease caused by various factors. MicroRNAs are important regulators in OA. MiR-21-5p expression is decreased in OA cartilage, but the effects of modulating miR-21-5p on cartilage regeneration are unknown. Therefore, our aim was to investigate the effects of miR-21-5p on cartilage metabolism of OA chondrocytes.

Design
We used IL-1β (10 ng/ml) to mimic OA chondrocytes. OA chondrocytes were transfected with miR-21-5p, the gene expression of COL2A1, MMP13, and ADAMTS5 was detected by qPCR. At the same time, COL2A1, MMP13, and ADAMTS5 were analyzed at the protein level by Western blot. CCK8 measured the cell’s viability and SA-β-gal detected the cell’s senescence.

Results
Upregulation of miR-21-5p had increased COL2A1 expression and decreased MM P13 and ADAMTS5 expression, which were in accord with Western blot data. SA-β-gal activity significantly increased, the viability was decreased in OA chondrocytes, and upregulation of miR-21-5p can decrease the SA-β-gal activity and increase cell viability.

Conclusion
MiR-21-5p might be a potential disease-modifying compound in OA, as it promotes hyaline cartilage production. These results provided that novel insights into the important function in OA pathological development.
Predictors of moving on from mental health supported accommodation in England: national cohort study
Authors: Killaspy Helen , Priebe Stefan , McPherson Peter , Zenasni Zohra , Greenberg Lauren , McCrone Paul , Dowling Sarah , Harrison Isobel , Krotofil Joanna , Dalton-Locke Christian , McGranahan Rose , Arbuthnott Maurice , Curtis Sarah , Leavey Gerard , Shepherd Geoff , Eldridge Sandra , King Michael 
Published: May 2019

BackgroundAround 60 000 people in England live in mental health supported accommodation. There are three main types: residential care, supported housing and floating outreach. Supported housing and floating outreach aim to support service users in moving on to more independent accommodation within 2 years, but there has been little research investigating their effectiveness.AimsA 30-month prospective cohort study investigating outcomes for users of mental health supported accommodation.MethodWe used random sampling, accounting for relevant geographical variation factors, to recruit 87 services (22 residential care, 35 supported housing and 30 floating outreach) and 619 service users (residential care 159, supported housing 251, floating outreach 209) across England. We contacted services every 3 months to investigate the proportion of service users who successfully moved on to more independent accommodation. Multilevel modelling was used to estimate how much of the outcome and cost variations were due to service type and quality, after accounting for service-user characteristics.ResultsOverall 243/586 participants successfully moved on (residential care 15/146, supported housing 96/244, floating outreach 132/196). This was most likely for floating outreach service users (versus residential care: odds ratio 7.96, 95% CI 2.92–21.69, P < 0.001; versus supported housing: odds ratio 2.74, 95% CI 1.01–7.41, P < 0.001) and was associated with reduced costs of care and two aspects of service quality: promotion of human rights and recovery-based practice.ConclusionsMost people do not move on from supported accommodation within the expected time frame. Greater focus on human rights and recovery-based practice may increase service effectiveness.
Prospective Longitudinal ctDNA Workflow Reveals Clinically Actionable Alterations in Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Oikkonen Jaana , Zhang Kaiyang , Salminen Liina , Schulman Ingrid , Lavikka Kari , Andersson Noora , Ojanperä Erika , Hietanen Sakari , Grénman Seija , Lehtonen Rainer , Huhtinen Kaisa , Carpén Olli , Hynninen Johanna , Färkkilä Anniina , Hautaniemi Sampsa 
Published: May 2019

PURPOSE Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) detection is a minimally invasive technique that offers dynamic molecular snapshots of genomic alterations in cancer. Although ctDNA markers can be used for early detection of cancers or for monitoring treatment efficacy, the value of ctDNA in guiding treatment decisions in solid cancers is controversial. Here, we monitored ctDNA to detect clinically actionable alterations during treatment of high-grade serous ovarian cancer, the most common and aggressive form of epithelial ovarian cancer with a 5-year survival rate of 43%. PATIENTS AND METHODS We implemented a clinical ctDNA workflow to detect clinically actionable alterations in more than 500 cancer-related genes. We applied the workflow to a prospective cohort consisting of 78 ctDNA samples from 12 patients with high-grade serous ovarian cancer before, during, and after treatment. These longitudinal data sets were analyzed using our open-access ctDNA-tailored bioinformatics analysis pipeline and in-house Translational Oncology Knowledgebase to detect clinically actionable genomic alterations. The alterations were ranked according to the European Society for Medical Oncology scale for clinical actionability of molecular targets. RESULTS Our results show good concordance of mutations and copy number alterations in ctDNA and tumor samples, and alterations associated with clinically available drugs were detected in seven patients (58%). Treatment of one chemoresistant patient was changed on the basis of detection of ERBB2 amplification, and this ctDNA-guided decision was followed by significant tumor shrinkage and complete normalization of the cancer antigen 125 tumor marker. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrate a proof of concept for using ctDNA to guide clinical decisions. Furthermore, our results show that longitudinal ctDNA samples can be used to identify poor-responding patients after first cycles of chemotherapy. We provide what we believe to be the first comprehensive, open-source ctDNA workflow for detecting clinically actionable alterations in solid cancers.
Social Health Insurance in Europe: Basic Concepts and New Principles
Authors: Wendt Claus 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
This article discusses recent developments in and new principles of European social health insurance (SHI). It analyses how privatization policies and competition have altered social insurance and whether financial difficulties are caused by social insurance features not evident in other types of health care systems. There is little if any evidence that SHI causes higher cost increases than other types of systems. The comparison of five European SHI systems demonstrates that despite cost containment policies these countries do not experience a trust crisis in health care or loss in support among the public. The author shows that SHI has moved toward universal health care and that the traditional values of solidarity and social security have even been strengthened over the past decades.
Analysis of the depression and anxiety status and related risk factors in patients with lumbar disc herniation
Authors: Mu Wenzhi , Shang Yong , Zhang Chenchen , Tang Shujie 
Published: May 2019

Objectives: To evaluate the depression and anxiety status and related risk factors in patients with lumbar disc herniation, and help spine surgeons better identify those patients who need psychological care.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed on patients with lumbar disc herniation treated in our hospital between October 2015 and August 2018. Visual analog scale and Oswestry disability index were used to assess pain intensity and lumbar function, and Zung self-rating depression and anxiety scale were employed to evaluate the depression and anxiety status of the patients, and the demographic and clinical data including age, gender, marital status, occupation type, employment status, education level, surgery history, herniation type, disease duration, and insurance status were collected for analysis.
Results: In the current study, 165 patients were enrolled based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, gender (p=0.03), pain intensity (p=0.01), self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) (p=0.00), and disease duration (p=0.001) were identified as independent risk factors for depression status, and pain intensity (p=0.02), disease duration (p=0.002) and SDS (Zung self-rating depression scale) (p=0.003) were independent risk factors for anxiety status in patients with lumbar disc herniation. There was a significant correlation between Zung self-rating depression and anxiety scale in patients with lumbar disc herniation (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Psychological intervention is critical for patients with lumbar disc herniation, especially for those female patients with severe pain and longer disease duration.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.3.299
How to cite this:Mu W, Shang Y, Zhang C, Tang S. Analysis of the depression and anxiety status and related risk factors in patients with lumbar disc herniation. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(3):658-662. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.3.299
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
la infancia inmunizada
Authors: Rodriguez Gonzalo santiago 
Published: May 2019

Durante las últimas décadas los estudios sobre la historia de la vida privada han considerado la infancia como una construcción histórica y social donde intervienen elementos culturales, económicos y filosóficos. Partiendo de una interpretación del Flautista de Hamelin (Browning, 2003; Browning e Pisu, 1980; Grimm e Grimm, 2000, 1816) nuestro trabajo intentará analizar las características fundantes de dicha construcción moderna utilizando como clave interpretativa el concepto de communitas del filósofo italiano Roberto Espósito (2003). Valiéndonos de algunos de sus conceptos fundamentales así como también de diversas fuentes modernas y contemporáneas acerca de la leyenda recopilada por los hermanos Grimm, nuestro trabajo mostrará hasta qué punto el relato se encuentra ligado a las transformaciones políticas que dieron origen a la pedagogía y que constituyen lo que Esposito considera como el “proceso inmunitario moderno”(Esposito, 2005): un proceso por medio del cual los individuos se han desligado de los compromisos y los deberes comunitarios que constituían los lazos sociales anteriores al surgimiento de los estados nacionales. Dicho proceso afectaría también a la niñez que a partir del siglo XIX es alterada, aislada y excluida del nexo social que la unía con los adultos hasta ser convertida en lo que conocemos con el nombre de “infancia”. ¿Es posible una relación distinta con la infancia que no margine a los niños de la comunidad? El siguiente trabajo abre el camino a dicha posibilidad.
EDUCAÇÃO E LINGUAGEM NA SOCIEDADE DIGITAL: CRÍTICA E CONSTRUÇÃO DE SENTIDOS
Authors: Chaves de Barros Adriana Lúcia de Escobar , Costa de Oliveira Marcia Lisbôa , Saito Ricardo Toshihito , Gattolin Sandra Regina Buttros 
Published: May 2019

O número 15 da Pensares em Revista homenageia Walkyria Maria Monte Mór, professora Livre-Docente da Universidade de São Paulo, pesquisadora adjunta do Center for Globalization and Cultural Studies da Universidade de Manitoba - Canadá, onde realizou sua pesquisa de pós-doutorado (2007). Suas pesquisas recentes concentram-se em Linguagem e Educação, Letramentos (Novos Letramentos, Multiletramentos, Letramentos Críticos), Construção de Sentidos e Formação de Professores. Daí o título deste dossiê - Educação e linguagem na sociedade digital: crítica e construção de sentidos - que reúne pesquisas no campo da Linguística Aplicada, desenvolvidas, em sua maioria, pelos participantes do Projeto Nacional de Letramentos: Linguagem, Cultura, Educação e Tecnologia, do qual também fazem parte, os organizadores desta edição da Pensares em Revista. Os capítulos estão organizados em três eixos principais: Formação de Professores, Letramentos e a Sociedade; Translinguagem; Decolonialidade e o Ensino-Aprendizagem de Línguas; Letramentos Críticos e o Ensino de Línguas.
Open Versus Closed Treatment Of Subcondyle Mandible Fracture: An Evidence-Based Case Report
Authors: Bangun Kristaninta , Nangingtuari Irinawati , Olivia Andria , Maulana Muhammad Iqbal 
Published: May 2019

Background : Mandibular subcondyle fractures are accounted for 25%-35% of all mandible fractures. Closed treatment has been the preferred treatment for several years because it’s relatively easier and non invasive but the complications that may arise are varied. Open reduction was one of the options that is considered to reduce complications. This study examines whether open reduction was a better choice than closed reduction in the management of mandible subcondyle fracture with parameter outcomes are complications, facial nerve injury, pain, and mouth occlusion.
Method: A literature study was conducted from two databases: PubMed and Journal of Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Surgery (JOMS) with predefined keywords and references from 23-28 January 2018. The search was conducted with mandible subcondyle fracture, open reduction, and closed reduction. The search has been limited only for the last 5 years and limited to meta-analysis and systematic review. From the search, there were three articles used based on inclusion criteria in this case review.
Result: The reviewed articles showed that open reduction provides better results than closed reduction, although open reduction results in complications of facial injuries and facial nerve weakness, but the complications were transient and tolerable.Conclusion: Based on existing clinical evidence, open reduction was the preferred management rather than closed. reduction due to better outcome and fewer complication.
Numéro 27 - janvier 2005
Authors: Boulanger Paul-Marie 
Published: May 2019

Le Mécanisme pour un Développement Propre (MPD) autorise les pays industrialisés à remplir, du moins partiellement, les obligations contractées dans le Protocole de Kyoto en réduisant les émissions de gaz à effet de serre (GES) dans des pays en développement via des projets d’investissement. Cet instrument vise un double objectif : contribuer au développement durable des pays du Sud (en favorisant les transferts de technologies) et réduire les émissions de gaz à effet de serre au niveau global à un coût économique minimal. L’objet de cet article est de mettre en perspective ces deux contributions et de soulever les difficultés inhérentes à la conjugaison de ce double objectif.
La contribution de cet instrument aux politiques climatiques des pays industrialisés est analysée à travers l’exemple de la Belgique. Il est montré que le recours à cet instrument permettrait de diminuer le coût de respect des obligations de réduction d’émissions de gaz à effet de serre tout en diminuant notre dépendance-carbone, c’est-à-dire notre vulnérabilité face aux évolutions futures du marché mondial du carbone. Le recours à des projets MDP permettrait de satisfaire 14 % de l’objectif de réduction assigné par le Protocole de Kyoto aux pays industrialisés en 2010. En Belgique, le MDP contribuerait pour 12 % à l’effort national. En exploitant tous les mécanismes de flexibilité, le coût macroéconomique de respect du Protocole de Kyoto s’élèverait à 131 M€1995 par an en Belgique, soit environ 0,06 % du Produit Intérieur Brut. Si aucun des ces mécanismes n’était employé, c’est-à-dire si toute la réduction d’émissions était effectuée par des mesures domestiques, ce coût s’élèverait à 850 M€1995 par an, soit 0,3 % du PIB. La contribution du MDP à la politique climatique belge est donc potentiellement importante.
Pour que le MDP fasse effectivement d’une pierre deux coups, il faudra s’assurer qu’il contribue durablement au développement des pays du Sud, et pas seulement de ceux qui apparaissent déjà aujourd’hui comme les principaux bénéficiaires potentiels du mécanisme comme la Chine, l’Inde ou le Brésil. Il conviendra d’être également vigilant pour éviter que le MDP n’ouvre la voie à une résurrection des fameux "éléphants blancs" qui ont caractérisé un moment une certaine vision de la coopération au développement. Les projets MDP devront faire la preuve qu’ils contribuent non seulement à éviter des émissions de GES qui se seraient produites en leur absence, mais également qu’ils répondent aux besoins et aspirations prioritaires des populations, tout en préservant le capital social, humain et environnemental sur lequel les générations futures devront bâtir leur propre existence. C’est pourquoi il serait judicieux d’exiger des projets soumis à l’autorité nationale belge qu’ils fassent également l’objet d’une évaluation d’impacts en terme de développement durable.
Numéro 48 - janvier 2007
Authors: Aktas Nihat , De Bodt Eric , A. Tesolin Giorgio 
Published: May 2019

Après les cas de Renault Vilvorde en 1997 et Ford Genk en 2003, la Belgique est à nouveau secouée par une annonce de licenciements collectifs dans le secteur automobile. La décision de licencier envi­ron 4.000 travailleurs de Volkswagen Forest a suscité une vive réaction au sein de la classe politique. A l’opposé, les marchés financiers ont salué positivement le plan de restructuration de l’entreprise allemande. S’agit-il de licenciements boursiers ? Dans ce numéro de Regards économiques, notre objectif est d’essayer de comprendre les logiques en présence.
Après un bref rappel des événements qui ont conditionné l’évolution du titre Volkswagen en 2006, nous nous interrogeons sur la lecture à adopter devant la décision de licenciement prise par le groupe.
Nous remettons tout d’abord en cause l’expression «licenciements boursiers» fort médiatisée en France après l’affaire Michelin en 1999 et qui suppose une logique financière opposée à la logique économique. Il importe en effet de bien comprendre que le raisonnement économique qui permet de justifier la réaction positive ou négative des investisseurs à l’annonce de licenciements est celui qui prévaut pour toute décision d’investissement ou de désinvestissement. Il s’agit avant tout de détermi­ner si ces licenciements sont associés à des flux financiers futurs positifs ou, en d’autres termes peut-être choquants, s’ils sont des investissements à Valeur Actuelle Nette -VAN- positive, et donc créa­teurs de valeur.
Si, d’après les études récentes, de manière générale, c’est-à-dire en moyenne, les annonces de licen­ciements ont un effet négatif sur la valeur de marché (donc le cours boursier pour les entreprises cotées en bourse) des entreprises qui licencient (remettant en cause l’idée de licenciements boursiers), cela n’exclut nullement bien entendu l’existence d’observations qui vont dans le sens opposé comme ici pour VW. Mais rien ne permet pour autant de parler de licenciements boursiers car il convient d’examiner de plus près la situation de l’entreprise. Cet examen révèle qu’il serait mal venu de quali­fier de ‘boursiers’ les licenciements annoncés par VW, qui peine à rétablir la santé qui était la sienne il y a cinq ans.
Après avoir expliqué une autre idée reçue (ou véhiculée) qui associe licenciements et opérations de fusions et d’acquisitions, nous passons en revue les principaux facteurs économiques et politiques qui ont modifié l’environnement des constructeurs automobiles européens : ouverture de grands pays au potentiel considérable, intégration européenne rapide de nouveaux membres, déplacement de la demande, critères sociaux minima insuffisamment harmonisés, concurrence accrue, nécessité d’adaptation de nos économies.
En conclusion, nous plaidons pour une attitude politique courageuse et constructive, capable d’accompagner au mieux le mouvement et de donner des impulsions novatrices de développement, en tenant un langage clair sur les causes et les conséquences des mutations économiques que nous traversons.