bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An exploration of posttraumatic growth, loneliness, depression, resilience, and social capital among survivors of Hurricane Katrina and the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill
Authors: Lee Joohee , Blackmon Bret J. , Lee Joo Young , Cochran David M. , Rehner Tim A. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe aim of this study was to examine the relationships among posttraumatic growth (PTG), loneliness, depression, psychological resilience, and social capital among survivors of Hurricane Katrina in 2005 and the Deepwater Horizon oil spill in 2010. The survey was administered to a spatially stratified, random sample of households in the three coastal counties of Mississippi. A total of 216 participants were included in this study who lived in close proximity to the Gulf of Mexico coastline during both disasters. Results from structural equation modeling analyses indicated that there was a significant and inverse relationship between PTG and loneliness. Conversely, a direct relationship was not found between PTG and depressive symptoms; instead, the results revealed an indirect relationship between PTG and depressive symptoms through loneliness. Social capital was related to loneliness only indirectly through PTG, while psychological resilience was related to loneliness both directly and indirectly through PTG. Understanding the relationships among these factors, particularly the importance of PTG, can provide insight into the long‐term adaptation among those who have survived multiple disasters. Further, these findings may lead to nuanced methods for behavioral health practitioners in assessing and treating individuals with symptoms of depression in disaster‐prone communities.
Psychometric validation of the identity abuse scale among LGBTQ individuals
Authors: Scheer Jillian R. , Woulfe Julie M. , Goodman Lisa A. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractIdentity abuse (IA) comprises a set of abuse tactics that exploit discriminatory systems including homophobia, biphobia, and transphobia (Tesch & Berkerian, 2015). This study examined the factorial validity of the IA Scale (Woulfe & Goodman, 2018) with a large independent sample of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) individuals. Participants included 1,049 LGBTQ‐identified participants (Mage = 27.3, 71.9% White, 52.6% cisgender women, and 18.7% as other nonheterosexual identity in their sexual orientation), recruited through listservs. Participants completed an online survey measuring past‐year and adult exposure to identity, physical, and psychological abuse. Confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the measurement model had good fit to the data, and strong factor loadings were found across the seven items, confirming a unidimensional factor structure. Findings demonstrate the IA Scale's validity and reliability, supporting its use to assess the frequency of IA tactics experienced within intimate partnerships among LGBTQ individuals.
Chronic Kidney Disease and Third‐Generation P2Y12 Inhibitors Use in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome: Impact on the Prognosis at 1 Year
Authors: Tello‐Montoliu Antonio , Ruiz‐Nodar Juan Miguel , Esteve‐Pastor María Asunción , Véliz‐Martínez Andrea , Orenes‐Piñero Esteban , Macías‐Villanego Manuel J. , Lozano Teresa , Carrillo‐Alemán Luna , Vicente‐Ibarra Nuria , Pernias‐Escrig Vicente , Martínez‐Martínez Juan G. , Rivera‐Caravaca José Miguel , Marín Francisco 
Published: September 2018

AbstractChronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with worse clinical outcomes in patients with acute coronary syndrome. However, they are underrepresented in clinical trials. We aimed to investigate differences in prognosis of acute coronary syndrome patients with and without CKD, focusing on the use of novel P2Y12 receptor inhibitors. This multicenter registry involved patients with acute coronary syndrome from 3 tertiary institutions. After excluding anticoagulated patients and patients on antiplatelet monotherapy, 1280 patients remained. During 1 year of follow‐up, we recorded all major adverse cardiovascular events (composite of cardiovascular death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, and nonfatal ischemic stroke), bleeds (Bleeding Academic Research Consortium classification) and deaths. Of 1280 patients, 325 (25.4%) had CKD; 55.5% of non‐CKD patients and 22.7% of CKD patients were prescribed novel P2Y12 inhibitors. During follow‐up, CKD patients under novel P2Y12 inhibitors showed a not statistically significant lower mortality and incidence of thrombotic events than clopidogrel‐treated ones. In contrast, non‐CKD patients taking novel P2Y12 inhibitors had better outcomes in terms of major adverse cardiovascular events (4.72 vs 9.41; P = .006), all‐cause mortality (1.32 vs 4.24; P = .006), and severe bleeding events (Bleeding Academic Research Consortium 3‐5) (0.94 vs 2.82; P = .030), without differences for any bleeding (8.11 vs 8.47; P = .849). Bleeding risk was not increased by using third‐generation P2Y12 inhibitors in either group of patients. In conclusion, the use of third‐generation P2Y12 inhibitors among non‐CKD patients was associated with better outcomes. CKD patients receiving third‐generation P2Y12 inhibitors treatment showed no statistically significant lower mortality and thrombotic events. Bleeding risk was not increased with the use of third‐generation P2Y12 inhibitors in either group of patients.
A Multicenter Large‐Sample Shear Wave Ultrasound Elastographic Study of the Achilles Tendon in Chinese Adults
Authors: Cao Wen , Sun Yang , Liu Li , Wang Zhu , Wu Jin Yu , Qiu Li , Wang Yue Xiang , Yuan Yu , Shen Su Fang , Chen Qin , Chen Tao , Zhang Wen , Wu Chang Jun , Liu Feng Xia , Zhong Shi Gen , Chen Li , Tong Ming Hui , Cui Li Gang , Guo Rui Jun 
Published: September 2018

ObjectivesThe changes in the viscoelasticity of the Achilles tendon are related to tendinopathy. Therefore, constructing a data model in the healthy population is essential to understanding the key factors affecting the viscoelasticity of the Achilles tendon. The purpose of our research was to obtain large sample data, construct a data model, and determine parameters that affect the elastic modulus of the Achilles tendon in healthy Chinese adults.MethodsWe designed a prospective multicenter clinical trial to evaluate the viscoelasticity of the Achilles tendon by using shear wave elastography. A total of 1165 healthy adult participants from 17 Chinese hospitals were recruited for the assessment. The necessary parameters (age, height, weight, and body mass index) were recorded. The elastic modulus (Young modulus) was obtained from the middle of the Achilles tendon and calculated with feet in naturally relaxed, dorsal, and plantar positions. The thickness and perimeter of the Achilles tendon were measured via cross section on the same site. A multiple linear regression was performed to find the key factors affecting the Young modulus of the Achilles tendon.ResultsThe Young modulus of the left Achilles tendon in the natural relaxed position followed a normal distribution (P > .05) with a mean ± SD of 374.24 ± 106.12 kPa. The regression equations showed a positive correlation between the Young modulus and weight and a negative correlation between the Young modulus and the circumference or thickness of the left Achilles tendon (P < .05).ConclusionsThe Young modulus of the Achilles tendon as measured by shear wave elastography is related to body weight as well as the perimeter or thickness of the tendon.
Angioleiomyoma of the Extremities: Findings on Ultrasonography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Kang Byeong Seong , Shim Hyun Seok , Kim Ji Hye , Kim Young‐Min , Bang Minseo , Lim Soyeoun , Park Gyeong Min , Lee Tae Young , Ha Nam‐Du , Kwon Woon Jung 
Published: September 2018

ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to describe the features of angioleiomyomas of the extremities on ultrasonography (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed the US and MRI findings of 29 pathologically confirmed cases of angioleiomyomas of the extremities in 29 patients. Twenty patients underwent only US; 7 patients underwent only MRI; and 2 patients underwent US and MRI. Clinical data and histopathologic specimens were reviewed.ResultsThere were 19 women and 10 men. The mean patient age was 48.9 years (range, 23–80 years). On US, angioleiomyomas were located primarily in the subcutaneous fat layer (n = 20 [91%]), were oval (n = 17 [77%]), had well‐circumscribed margins (n = 22 [100%]), had hypoechoic protrusions on one or both ends (n = 9 [41%]), had a homogeneous echo texture (n = 17 [ 77%]), had posterior acoustic enhancement (n = 20 [91%]), and had color Doppler flow (n = 20 [91%]). On MRI, the masses showed heterogeneous enhancement (n = 7 [88%]) and enhancing structures on one or both ends (n = 4 [50%]) on contrast‐enhanced T1‐weighted images.ConclusionsAngioleiomyoma of the extremities is usually a well‐circumscribed oval mass with a homogeneous echo texture and occasionally hypoechoic protrusions on US and shows heterogeneous enhancement with occasionally enhancing structures on one or both ends of the mass on MRI. Therefore, it should be included in the differential diagnosis of a soft tissue mass that has protruding structures from one or both ends.
Speckle Tracking of the Basal Lateral and Septal Wall Annular Plane Systolic Excursion of the Right and Left Ventricles of the Fetal Heart
Authors: DeVore Greggory R. , Klas Berthold , Satou Gary , Sklansky Mark 
Published: September 2018

ObjectiveAnnular plane systolic excursion (APSE) has been evaluated for the right (RV) and left (LV) ventricles using M‐mode echocardiography. This study examined APSE using 2‐dimensional speckle tracking (2DST) of the lateral and septal annuli of the RV and LV in normal fetuses.MethodsTwo hundred normal fetuses were prospectively examined between 20 and 40 weeks' gestation, in which the end‐diastolic and end‐systolic lengths were measured from the apex to the insertion of the annuli into the lateral and septal walls of the RV and LV using 2DST. Subtracting the end‐systolic from the end‐diastolic length resulted in the APSE measurement. The APSE values from the ventricular and septal locations were regressed against biometric and gestational age independent variables, and the mean and standard deviation computed using fractional polynomial analysis. Within‐subject repeated measures of variance were used to compare results within and between the right ventricular and left ventricular basal APSE values.ResultsWhen regressed against the independent variables the R2 for the APSE of the right ventricular lateral wall ranged from 0.39 to 0.40, the left ventricular lateral wall 0.29 to 0.31, the right ventricular septal wall 0.22 to 0.40, and the left ventricular septal wall 0.05 to 0.07. There was a significant difference (P < .001) for APSE between the right ventricular and left ventricular lateral wall and their respective septal annuli, the left ventricular and right ventricular lateral wall annuli, and the left ventricular and right ventricular septal annuli.ConclusionsThe right ventricular and left ventricular lateral and septal wall APSE can be computed using 2DST and are associated with changing fetal biometric and age measurements.
Calcaneal Broadband Ultrasound Attenuation and Speed of Sound Measurements in a Population of Nigerian Children: Reference Data and the Influence of Sociodemographic Variables
Authors: Nwogu Uloma Benedicta , Agwu Kenneth Kalu , Anakwue Angel‐Mary Chukwunyelu , Okeji Mark Chukwudi , Idigo Felicitas Ugochinyere , Ogbu Sylvester Osita I 
Published: September 2018

ObjectivesThe aim of our study was to establish a reference database of calcaneal broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA) and the speed of sound (SOS) in a healthy Nigerian population of children aged 6 to 14 years and also to investigate the influence of sociodemographic and anthropometric variables on them.MethodsThe BUA and SOS of 1016 healthy children were measured by quantitative ultrasound densitometry. Height and weight were measured with a stadiometer and weighing balance, respectively, whereas the sociodemographic parameters of the participants were collected on a semistructured questionnaire. A multiple regression model using stepwise selection and Pearson correlation coefficients were used to examine the relationship between the ultrasound parameters and sociodemographic and anthropometric parameters. Comparisons between various age groups were made by analysis of variance.ResultsThe mean BUA and SOS ± SD of the participants were 60.57 ± 16.21 dB/MHz and 1563.48 ± 21.74 m/s, respectively, for boys and 58.18 ± 15.16 dB/MHz and 1560.03 ± 22.32 m/s for girls. The BUA in both sexes was positively influenced by age and weight (P < .05), whereas only the father's educational status was its predictor (P < .05) in the boys. For the girls, the family size and mother's educational status were predictors of the BUA (P < .05). The SOS was marginally influenced by age and family size in the boys (P < .05), whereas the father's educational status was the predictor in the girls.ConclusionsThe established BUA and SOS values in this study are baseline values, and further study, which would also involve data from a large number of Nigerian children, would be needed to support their effectiveness as reference values.
The Otolaryngology Match: A Bibliometric Analysis of 222 First‐Year Residents
Authors: Thangamathesvaran Loka , M. Patel Nirali , Siddiqui Sana H. , Singh Roshansa , Wayne Robert , Kılıç Suat , Hsueh Wayne D. , Baredes Soly , Eloy Jean Anderson 
Published: September 2018

Objective/HypothesisResearch has long been acknowledged as important to successfully matriculate into an otolaryngology residency position. The objective of this study is to perform a bibliometric analysis to quantify the importance of scholarly productivity in the otolaryngology match process.Study DesignRetrospective database review.MethodsA list of all Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education–accredited otolaryngology residency programs were identified. Websites of programs were reviewed to identify first‐year otolaryngology residents for the 2016 to 2017 academic year and compared to two previous academic years. Research output measures were collected. Residencies were tiered 1 to 5 by departmental research output.ResultsTwo hundred twenty‐two records of first‐year otolaryngology residents starting residency in 2016 were identified. After adjusting for number of total publications, number of original research articles, number of review articles, number of case reports, number of first author publications, number of otolaryngology‐related publications, highest journal impact factor, average journal impact factor, and years since publication, h‐index and number of total publications were associated with increasing tier of matriculation based on research output (P < .0001). Only number of publications correlated with increasing h‐index (B = 1.11). With regard to applicant trends, there has been an increase in scholarly productivity as measured across all research parameters in the past 3 years.ConclusionsResearch is an important component of successfully matriculating into an otolaryngology residency program. The h‐index is a reliable tool to quantify research output and predict the tier of matriculation with regard to institutional research output. There has been a steadily increasing level of scholarly output among applicants in the past 3 years.Level of EvidenceNALaryngoscope, 129:1561–1566, 2019
Comparing Upper Airway Stimulation to Transoral Robotic Base of Tongue Resection for Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Authors: Huntley Colin , Topf Michael C. , Christopher Vanessa , Doghramji Karl , Curry Joseph , Boon Maurits 
Published: September 2018

ObjectivesTransoral robotic surgery (TORS) and upper airway stimulation (UAS) are modalities for treating tongue base obstruction contributing to obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). We aim to compare patients with OSA undergoing TORS to those undergoing UAS.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed patients treated with TORS and UAS using the senior authors’ surgical database. We evaluated demographic, preoperative polysomnography (PSG), postoperative PSG, complication, hospital length of stay, and hospital readmission data to compare the two cohorts.ResultsSeventy‐six patients underwent UAS. This included 50 men and 26 women. The mean age and body mass index were 61.92 and 29.38. The mean pre‐ versus postoperative apnea hypopnea index (AHI) and O2 nadir were 36.64 versus 7.20 and 80.27% versus 88.77%, respectfully. The rate of surgical success and postoperative AHI less than 15 and 5 were 86.84%, 89.47%, and 59.21. All patients underwent ambulatory surgery, and no one was readmitted.Twenty‐four patients underwent TORS. This included 20 men and four women with a mean age and body mass index BMI of 46.42 and 29.63. The mean pre‐ versus postoperative AHI and O2 nadir were 35.70 versus 20.05 and 80.50% versus 84.10%, respectfully. The rate of surgical success and postoperative AHI less than 15 and 5 were 54.17%, 50.00%, and 20.83%. The mean length of stay was 1.33 days, and four patients were readmitted.We found significant differences in age, postoperative AHI and O2 nadir, surgical success and postoperative AHI less than 15 and 5, length of stay, and rate of readmission.ConclusionsUAS is successful in treating OSA showing improved outcomes, length of stay, and readmission compared to TORS.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 129:1010–1013, 2019
Anatomical Course of the Thyroarytenoid Branch of the Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve
Authors: Nerurkar Nupur Kapoor , Dighe Shalaka Nilesh 
Published: September 2018

Objectives/HypothesisTo determine the position and anatomic variability of the thyroarytenoid (TA) branch of the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) in an Indian population. This study is specifically targeted to aid in identifying the nerve for reinnervation procedures for unilateral and bilateral vocal fold paralysis, as well as denervation surgeries such as TA myoneurectomy and Selective Laryngeal Adductor Denervation and Reinnervation (SLAD‐R) for adductor spasmodic dysphonia.MethodsWe dissected 46 fresh‐frozen adult larynges (92 sides) without pathology. A window was created in the thyroid cartilage lamina. The intralaryngeal part of the dissection was done using magnification with an ocular loupe. The position and direction of the nerve and branching within the cartilage window were noted.ResultsThe TA nerve was found to emerge from the posteroinferior quadrant of the cartilage window, irrespective of the dissected side (right/left) and gender in all of the 46 larynges. The nerve traveled in an oblique direction in 29 specimens (63.04%) and in a vertical direction in 17 specimens (36.96%). The orientation of the nerve was the same on the two sides of the larynx in all of the specimens. Branching was seen within the cartilage window in eight larynges (17.39%).ConclusionsKnowledge of the possible variabilities in the course of the TA nerve aids in its localization while avoiding trauma to the posterior branch of the RLN that innervates the posterior cricoarytenoid and is responsible for vocal fold abduction.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 129:704–708, 2019
Bt rice cultivation does not cause soil biological degradation in terms of C, N, and P cycles
Authors: Li Zhaolei , Wang Bingxue , Tian Dashuan , Wang Jinsong 
Published: September 2018

AbstractPreventing soil biological degradation under the cultivation of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) crops is crucial to soil health. Despite studies concerning environmental risks of Bt crops, we surprisingly know little about whether soil biological degradation occurs under Bt crop cultivations. To fill this gap, we calculated the index of resistance (IR) and resilience (IR′) of 13 soil properties (the activities of enzymes, the rates of ecosystem processes, soil microbial biomass, and soil carbon and nutrients) using soil samples collected from an 8‐year Bt rice cultivation experiment, including three treatments, that is, continual cultivation of Bt rice (GM) and non‐Bt rice (non‐GM), and rotation between Bt and non‐Bt rice every 2 years (GM/non‐GM rotation). In GM and GM/non‐GM rotation, the IR of the activities of dehydrogenase, acid phosphatase, methane production rates was significantly greater than that in non‐GM. Further, the IR of denitrification, methane oxidation, microbial carbon, and microbial nitrogen was significantly lowered in GM, and the IR of microbial carbon in GM/non‐GM rotation was significantly decreased compared with that in non‐GM. However, the results of IR′ showed no significant differences in these soil properties between treatments, except for methane oxidation and urease in GM and microbial nitrogen in GM/non‐GM rotation. Taking into consideration of soil resistance and resilience, the most soil properties remained relatively stable. These findings suggest that the Bt rice cultivations have not significantly resulted in soil biological degradation.
Sphingolipidomics of Thermotolerant Yeasts
Authors: Řezanka Tomáš , Kolouchová Irena , Gharwalová Lucia , Doležalová Jana , Nedbalová Linda , Sigler Karel 
Published: September 2018

AbstractMass spectrometry‐based shotgun lipidomics was applied to the analysis of sphingolipids of 11 yeast strains belonging to four genera, that is Cryptococcus, Saccharomyces, Schizosaccharomyces, and Wickerhamomyces. The analysis yielded comprehensive results on both qualitative and quantitative representation of complex sphingolipids of three classes—phosphoinositol ceramide (PtdInsCer), mannosyl inositol phosphoceramide (MInsPCer), and mannosyl diinositol phosphoceramide (M(InsP)2Cer). In total, nearly 150 molecular species of complex sphingolipids were identified. Individual strains were cultured at five different temperatures, that is 5, 10, 20, 30, and 40 °C (Wickerhamomyces genus only up to 30 °C), and the change in the culture temperature was found to affect the representation of both the sphingolipid classes and the length of the long‐chain bases (LCB). Individual classes of sphingolipids differing in polar heads differed in the temperature response. The relative content of PtdInsCer increased with increasing temperature, whereas that of M(InsP)2Cer decreased. Molecular species having C18‐LCB were associated with low cultivation temperature, and a higher proportion of C20‐LCB molecular species was produced at higher temperatures regardless of the type of polar head. On the other hand, the influence of temperature on the representation of very long‐chain fatty acids (VLCFA) was less noticeable, the effect of the taxonomic affiliation of the strains being more pronounced than the cultivation temperature. For example, lignoceric and 2‐hydrocylo‐lignoceric acids were characteristic of the genera Cryptococcus and Schizosaccharomyces, and of Saccharomyces genus cultivated at high temperatures.
The Energy Requirements for Flow‐Induced Solidification of Silk
Authors: Sparkes James , Holland Chris 
Published: September 2018

AbstractNatural silk spinning has undergone strong selection for resource efficiency and thus presents a biomimetic ideal for fiber production. Industrial replication of natural silk fibers would enable access to low energy, cost‐efficient processing, but is hampered by a lack of understanding surrounding the conversion of liquid feedstock into a solid fiber as a result of flow. Previously, shear stress, shear rate, or time have been presented as criteria for silk fiber formation, but here it is proposed that spinning requires carefully balancing all three, and is a result of controlled energy accumulation in the feedstock. To support this hypothesis, rheology is used to probe the energy required for conversion, compare differences between amorphous solid and ordered fiber production and explain the energetic penalty the latter demands. New definitions of what constitutes an artificial silk fiber are discussed, along with methods to ensure that each spinning criterion is met during biomimetic spinning.