bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of inflammasome complex in ischemia‐reperfusion injury
Authors: Mohamadi Yousef , Mousavi Mahboubeh , Khanbabaei Hashem , Salarinia Reza , Javankiani Sepide , Hassanzadeh Gholamreza , Momeni Fatemeh 
Published: December 2018

AbstractIschemia‐reperfusion injury refers to a temporary interruption of blood flow in a tissue. Restoration of blood flow initiates the inflammation in tissue causing ischemic damage through the activation of a multiprotein complex termed inflammasome. The complex contains a receptor, mainly a member of nucleotide oligomerization domain–like receptors, that receives danger signals. The receptor is oligomerized as a response to danger signals and then the apoptosis‐associated speck‐like protein containing a caspase recruitment domain and procaspase protein are added to the oligomerized receptors to form the inflammasome complex. In the next step, the isolated procaspase is converted into an active caspase molecule that initiates the inflammation through the release of interleukin‐1β and interleukin‐18. The inflammasome has an important role in the pathogenesis of ischemia‐reperfusion injury in different tissues. Here, we summarized the role of inflammasome in the pathogenesis of ischemia‐reperfusion of brain, liver, kidney, and heart. Moreover, we highlighted the expression of inflammasome components, the mechanisms involved in activation of the complex, and its inhibition as an optimistic therapeutic technique in ischemia‐reperfusion injuries.
The effect of early growth response 1 on levels of Amyloid‐β 40 peptide in U87MG cells
Authors: Zhao Xinyu , Wang Xiaojie , Su Gang , Sun Qi , Fu Jitong , Zhang Huili , Teng Junfang 
Published: December 2018

AbstractA recent study has shown that early growth response 1 (EGR1) plays a critical role in the β‐amyloid cascade and tau hypotheses. In addition, evidence has suggested that EGR1 can regulate levels of amyloid‐beta peptides, key molecules in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, whether EGR1 is a deleterious or protective factor in the AD is still controversial. In this present study, we constructed an overexpression plasmid, CMV‐EGFP‐EGR1‐Kanamycin, and transfected it into U87MG cells to investigate the effects of EGR1 expression on amyloid‐β (1‐40) peptide (Aβ40) levels. U87MG cells transfected by CMV‐EGFP‐EGR1‐Kanamycin and CMV‐EGFP‐Kanamycin were assigned, respectively, to experimental and control groups. Fluorescence microscopy was used to observe transfection efficiencies of the plasmids after 6 hours. EGR1 messenger RNA levels were measured by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Aβ40 secretion was analyzed by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Expression of the amyloid precursor protein, beta‐secretase enzyme, and presenilin 1 proteins were analyzed by Western blot analysis. The results showed that EGR1 overexpression increased Aβ40 secretion in vitro, possibly through increasing BACE1 expression. Based on these results, EGR1 might be a promising therapeutic target for the AD.
Long noncoding RNA CCAT2 functions as a competitive endogenous RNA to regulate FOXC1 expression by sponging miR‐23b‐5p in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Hu Guo‐dong , Wang Cheng‐xiang , Wang Hong‐ying , Wang Ya‐qin , Hu Shuo , Cao Zheng‐wu , Min Bo , Li Lei , Tian Xiao‐feng , Hu Hai‐bo 
Published: December 2018

AbstractLong noncoding RNA (lncRNA) may regulate the process of tumor formation. Although lncRNA CCAT2 has been identified as a key point in many diseases, its pathophysiological mechanism in lung adenocarcinoma remains unknown. We measured the expression level of CCAT2 in lung adenocarcinoma cells and normal lung epithelial cell line BEAS‐2B by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR). As well, cell migration and proliferation were detected by transwell detection and CCK8 assay. At the same time, the new target point of CCAT2 was confirmed with bioinformatics analysis and dual‐luciferase reporter assay. In addition, potential mechanisms were studied by Western blot analysis and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) analysis. The expression of CCAT2 was upregulated obviously in lung adenocarcinoma cells. Cell function analysis showed that upregulation of CCAT2 significantly promoted cell proliferation and migration, and reduction of CCAT2 inhibited cell migration and proliferation. In addition, CCAT2 positively regulated the expression of FOXC1 by competitive binding with miR‐23b‐5p. These findings indicated that CCAT2 may act as a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) to regulate FOXC1 expression by competitively binding miR‐23b‐5p in lung adenocarcinoma.
RETRACTED: MicroRNA‐205 affects mouse granulosa cell apoptosis and estradiol synthesis by targeting CREB1
Authors: Zhang Pengju , Wang Jun , Lang Hongyan , Wang Weixia , Liu Xiaohui , Liu Haiyan , Tan Chengcheng , Li Xintao , Zhao Yumin , Wu Xinghong 
Published: December 2018

AbstractMicroRNA‐205 (miR‐205) is involved in various physiological and pathological processes, but its biological function in follicular atresia remains unclear. In this study, we investigated miR‐205 expression in mouse granulosa cells (mGCs) and analyzed its functions in primary mGCs by performing a series of in vitro experiments. Quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction showed that miR‐205 expression was significantly higher in early atretic follicles and progressively atretic follicles than in healthy follicles. miR‐205 overexpression in mGCs significantly promoted apoptosis and caspase‐3/9 activities, as well as inhibited estrogen (E2) release and cytochrome P450 family 19 subfamily A polypeptide 1 (CYP19A1, a key gene in E2 production) expression. Bioinformatics and luciferase reporter assays revealed that the gene encoding cyclic AMP response element (CRE)‐binding protein 1 (CREB1) was a direct target of miR‐205 in mGCs. CREB1 upregulation partially rescued the effects of miR‐205 on apoptosis, caspase‐3/9 activities, E2 production, and CYP19A1 expression on mGCs. These results indicate that miR‐205 might play an important role in ovarian follicular development and provide new insights into follicular atresia
Peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor‐α agonist and all‐trans retinoic acid induce epithelial differentiation of subcutaneous adipose‐derived stem cells from debrided burn skin
Authors: Natesan Shanmugasundaram , Wrice Nicole L. , Christy Robert J. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThis study demonstrates that adipose‐derived stem cells from debrided skin (dsASCs) of burn patients can be isolated in sufficient quantities and differentiated into cytokeratin‐expressing cells by treating them with all‐trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and the peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor‐α (PPARα) specific activator fenofibrate. Differentiation of dsASCs with ATRA and a combination of growth factors induced expression of simple epithelial markers (KRT7, KRT8, KRT18, and KRT19), along with low levels of stratified epithelial markers (KRT5, KRT10, KRT13, and KRT14). We have optimized a condition to induce dsASCs differentiation to epithelial cells by treatment with ATRA and fenofibrate alone. Real‐time polymerase chain reaction analysis showed a significant increase in transcript levels (>75‐fold) for basal (KRT5 and KRT14), suprabasal (KRT10), and cornified envelope markers (involucrin [IVL] and Loricrin [LOR]) with this treatment. Expression of the proteins encoded by these transcripts was confirmed by immunocytochemical analysis. Further, we show that dsASCs differentiated to a skin epithelial cell phenotype through activation of nuclear hormone receptors PPARα and RXRγ. Collectively this study shows that dsASCs can be differentiated to skin epithelial cells, without the requirement for exogenous growth factors. This differentiation protocol using dsASCs in combination with an appropriate biocompatible scaffold can be adapted to develop epithelial skin substitute for burn wound treatment.
Paeoniflorin attenuates oxidized low‐density lipoprotein‐induced apoptosis and adhesion molecule expression by autophagy enhancement in human umbilical vein endothelial cells
Authors: Wang Yi , Che Jianbo , Zhao Hui , Tang Jianyu , Shi Gongning 
Published: December 2018

AbstractOxidized low‐density lipoprotein (ox‐LDL)‐induced endothelial dysfunction is recognized as a driving force in the development of atherosclerosis (AS). Paeoniflorin (Pae), a typical traditional herbal medicine, possesses anti‐inflammatory, antioxidative, antihyperglycaemic, and antiapoptotic properties. Our study aimed to investigate the effects of Pae on ox‐LDL‐induced injury of the human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and to explore its molecular mechanism. We found that ox‐LDL stimulation inhibited cell viability, activated autophagy, and induced apoptosis and adhesion molecule expression in HUVECs. Pae rescued ox‐LDL‐induced viability reduction and enhanced the ox‐LDL‐induced autophagy activation in HUVECs. Pae inhibited ox‐LDL‐induced apoptosis and adhesion molecule expression by autophagy enhancement in HUVECs. In addition, inhibition of SIRT1 by EX‐527 abolished the promoting effect of Pae on autophagy and restored the inhibitory effect of Pae on apoptosis and adhesion molecule expression in the presence of ox‐LDL. In conclusion, Pae attenuated ox‐LDL‐induced apoptosis and adhesion molecule expression by autophagy enhancement via upregulation of SIRT1 in HUVECs, shedding light on the mechanism underlying the protective effect of Pae on ox‐LDL‐induced injury of HUVECs.
Augmentation of miR‐202 in varicose veins modulates phenotypic transition of vascular smooth muscle cells by targeting proliferator–activated receptor‐γ coactivator‐1α
Authors: Huang Xianchen , Liu Zhao , Shen Liming , Jin Yiqi , Xu Guoxiong , Zhang Zhixuan , Fang Changwen , Guan Wenxian , Liu Changjian 
Published: December 2018

AbstractIn varicose veins, vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) often show abnormal proliferative and migratory rates and phenotypic transition. This study aimed to investigate whether microRNA (miR)‐202 and its potential target, peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor‐γ coactivator‐1α (PGC‐1α), were involved in VSMC phenotypic transition. miR‐202 expression was analyzed in varicose veins and in VSMCs conditioned with platelet‐derived growth factor. The effect of miR‐202 on cell proliferation and migration was assessed. Furthermore, contractile marker SM‐22α, synthetic markers vimentin and collagen I, and PGC‐1α were analyzed by Western blot analysis. The modulation of PGC‐1α expression by miR‐202 was also evaluated. In varicose veins and proliferative VSMCs, miR‐202 expression was upregulated, with decreased SM‐22α expression and increased vimentin and collagen I expression. Transfection with a miR‐202 mimic induced VSMC proliferation and migration, whereas a miR‐202 inhibitor reduced cell proliferation and migration. miR‐202 mimic constrained luciferase activity in HEK293 cells that were cotransfected with the PGC‐1α 3′‐untranslated region (3′‐UTR) but not those with mutated 3′‐UTR. miR‐202 suppressed PGC‐1α protein expression, with no influence on its messenger RNA expression. PGC‐1α mediated VSMC phenotypic transition and was correlated with reactive oxygen species production. In conclusion, miR‐202 affects VSMC phenotypic transition by targeting PGC‐1α expression, providing a novel target for varicose vein therapy.
Six genes as potential diagnosis and prognosis biomarkers for hepatocellular carcinoma through data mining
Authors: Zhang Yaqiong , Wang Yong , Liu Huaidong , Li Bo 
Published: December 2018

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors and the third of cancer mortality worldwide. Although the study of HCC has made great progress, the molecular mechanism and signal pathways of HCC are not yet clear. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the early diagnosis and prognosis biomarkers for HCC. The aim of this study is to screen the relevant genes and study the association of gene expression with the survival status of HCC patients using bioinformatics approaches, in the hope of establishing marker genes for diagnosis and prognosis of HCC. The gene expression data and corresponding clinical information of HCC samples were downloaded from the The Cancer Genome Atlas database. We performed to study the relationship between gene expression and prognosis of HCC and screen significantly relevant genes associated with prognosis of HCC by analyzing survival and function enrichment of genes. In this study, we collected 421 samples with gene expression data, including 371 tumor samples and 50 normal samples. By using single factor Cox regression analysis, we screened 1,197 genes significantly associated with survival time in the modeling data containing 117 samples and also searched six genes as the best markers to predict living status of HCC patients. Besides, we established score system of survival risk of HCC. Our study recognized six genes (PGBD3, PGM5P3‐AS1, RNF5, UTP11, BAG6, and KCND2) to be significantly associated with diagnosis and prognosis of HCC, providing novel targets for studying potential mechanism about the progression of HCC.
On the independence number of graphs related to a polarity
Authors: Mattheus Sam , Pavese Francesco , Storme Leo 
Published: December 2018

AbstractWe investigate the independence number of two graphs constructed from a polarity of . For the first graph under consideration, the Erdős‐Rényi graph , we provide an improvement on the known lower bounds on its independence number. In the second part of the paper, we consider the Erdős‐Rényi hypergraph of triangles . We determine the exact magnitude of the independence number of , even. This solves a problem posed by Mubayi and Williford [On the independence number of the ErdŐs‐RÉnyi and projective norm graphs and a related hypergraph, J. Graph Theory, 56 (2007), pp. 113‐127, Open Problem 3].
Tooth development and replacement in the Atlantic Cutlassfish, Trichiurus lepturus, with comparisons to other Scombroidei
Authors: Bemis Katherine E. , Burke Samantha M. , St. John Carl A. , Hilton Eric J. , Bemis William E. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAtlantic Cutlassfish, Trichiurus lepturus, have large, barbed, premaxillary and dentary fangs, and sharp dagger‐shaped teeth in their oral jaws. Functional teeth firmly ankylose to the dentigerous bones. We used dry skeletons, histology, SEM, and micro‐CT scanning to study 92 specimens of T. lepturus from the western North Atlantic to describe its dentition and tooth replacement. We identified three modes of intraosseous tooth replacement in T. lepturus depending on the location of the tooth in the jaw. Mode 1 relates to replacement of premaxillary fangs, in which new tooth germs enter the lingual surface of the premaxilla, develop horizontally, and rotate into position. We suggest that growth of large fangs in the premaxilla is accommodated by this horizontal development. Mode 2 occurs for dentary fangs: new tooth germs enter the labial surface of the dentary, develop vertically, and erupt into position. Mode 3 describes replacement of lateral teeth, in which new tooth germs enter a trench along the crest of the dentigerous bone, develop vertically, and erupt into position. Such distinct modes of tooth replacement in a teleostean species are unknown. We compared modes of replacement in T. lepturus to 20 species of scombroids to explore the phylogenetic distribution of these three replacement modes. Alternate tooth replacement (in which new teeth erupt between two functional teeth), ankylosis, and intraosseous tooth development are plesiomorphic to Bluefish + other Scombroidei. Our study highlights the complexity and variability of intraosseous tooth replacement. Within tooth replacement systems, key variables include sites of formation of tooth germs, points of entry of tooth germs into dentigerous bones, coupling of tooth germ migration and bone erosion, whether teeth develop horizontally or immediately beneath the tooth to be replaced, and how tooth eruption and ankylosis occur. Developmentally different tooth replacement processes can yield remarkably similar dentitions.
Genetic algorithms applied to the design of robust biquadratic filters
Authors: Lovay Mónica A. , Romero Eduardo A. , Peretti Gabriela M. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThis work presents a design methodology for discrete active RC biquadratic filters based on genetic algorithm (GA). The main difference with other methods is the consideration of the passive sensitivities during the optimization process. The GA delivers the values of resistors and capacitors (from E series) that comply with the desired specifications and minimize at the same time the sensitivities. This characteristic leads to filters that exhibit low deviations in their functional parameters, despite drifts in the values of passive components. Additionally, the method allows the designer to establish the gain in the passband. In this way, it overcomes the problem of low gain values observed in some of the solutions given by other authors. The paper presents an evaluation campaign that considers 12 designs for showing the robustness of the method. This study analyses the results delivered by the GA at transfer function level using MATLAB. Subsequent evaluations validate these results by using SPICE simulations. Following these procedures, it is observed a proper matching between the behaviors of the filters predicted by the GA and the simulated ones. The performance comparison with other heuristics (solving the same problem) shows that our proposal is well suited for the design of active filters. The stochastic nature of the GA allows obtaining different design alternatives in each run. This feature gives the designer the possibility to choose between several options that are more appropriate for a particular design problem. The paper also provides a simple guideline for dealing with the results from the iterative executions of the GA. The design method requires tools that are usual to find in the industry. Practitioners can straightforwardly implement it, even those that are nonspecialists in heuristics.
Simultaneous determination of five phthalate esters and bisphenol A in milk by packed‐nanofiber solid‐phase extraction coupled with gas chromatography and mass spectrometry
Authors: Tang Zigang , Han Qing , Xie Li , Chu Lanling , Wang Yu , Sun Ying , Kang Xuejun 
Published: December 2018

AbstractA novel polystyrene/pyridine composite nanofiber was synthesized and utilized as the sorbent material for the solid‐phase extraction of bisphenol A and five common phthalate esters in milk. The method of extraction integrated extraction and preconcentration of target analytes into a single step. Bisphenol A and five common phthalate esters were selected as target compounds for the development and evaluation of the method. The effects of operating parameters for nanofiber‐based solid‐phase extraction, such as selection and amount of sorbent, the volume fraction of perchlorate (precipitate protein), desorption solvent, volume of desorption solvent, and effect of salt addition were optimized. Under optimal conditions, higher extraction recoveries (89.6–118.0%) of the six compounds in milk spiked at three levels were obtained, and the satisfied relative standard deviation were ranged from 0.6 to 10.9%. The detection limits and quantification limits of the method ranged from 0.01 to 0.06 μg/L and 0.05 to 0.53 μg/L, respectively. Matrix effects were also verified and well controlled in the range of 91.3–109.3%. The new method gave better performance metrics than Chinese standard method and other published methods. Thus, the proposed method may be applied to the analysis of the phthalate esters and bisphenol A in complex matrixes.
Fabrication of boron‐rich multiple monolithic fibers for the solid‐phase microextraction of carbamate pesticide residues in complex samples
Authors: Wu Jiangyi , Mei Meng , Huang Xiaojia 
Published: December 2018

AbstractTo enrich carbamate pesticides from complex matrices, an adsorbent based on poly (vinylboronic anhydride pyridine complex‐co‐ethylenedimethacrylate) monolith was fabricated and utilized as the extraction phase of multiple monolithic fiber solid‐phase microextraction. Due to the abundant boron atoms in the monolith, the B–N coordination interaction between adsorbent and analytes play a key role in the efficient extraction of analytes. Under the optimized conditions, the monolithic fibers were combined with high‐performance liquid chromatography for the quantify trace levels of carbamate pesticides in environmental water and orange juice samples. For water sample, the limit of detection and limit of quantification were in the range of 0.017–0.29 and 0.057–0.96 μg/L, respectively. The related values in orange juice samples were 0.038–0.39 and 0.12–1.36 μg/kg, respectively. Besides, the proposed method also exhibits wide linearity, satisfactory coefficients of determination, and good precision. The introduced approach was successfully applied to determine trace target analytes in real‐life samples. The spiked recoveries with different fortified concentrations were in the range of 80.4–117% for water samples and 83.7–119% for fruit juice samples. The relative standard deviations were below 10%. The results evidence that the suggested method was convenient, reliable, and eco‐friendly for the monitoring of trace levels of carbamate pesticides in complex samples such as waters and juices.
Mechanics with non‐Leibniz derivatives
Authors: Kobelev Vladimir 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe non‐Leibniz Hamiltonian and Lagrangian formalism for the certain class of dissipative systems is introduced in this article. The formalism is based on the generalized differentiation κ‐operator with a non‐zero Leibniz defect. The Leibniz defect of the introduced operator linearly depends on one scaling parameter. In a special case, if the Leibniz defect vanishes, the κ‐operator reduces to the common differentiation operator. The new operator allows the formulation of the variational principles and corresponding equations of Lagrange and Hamiltonian types for dissipative systems. The solutions of some generalized dynamical equations are provided in closed form.
Christian Otto Mohr und Friedrich Hebbel – Söhne aus Wesselburen in Dithmarschen
Authors: Gaul Lothar 
Published: December 2018

AbstractDer Artikel zeigt die Parallelität im Leben zweier bedeutender Söhne aus Dithmarschen auf. Christian Otto Mohr, Sohn des Kirchspielvogts Mohr in Wesselburen wurde einer der Väter der graphischen Statik, bekannt als Professor für Mechanik in Stuttgart und Dresden. Friedrich Hebbel war der Sohn des Gärtners des Vogtes Mohr und wurde mit dessen Förderung zu Deutschlands bekanntestem Dramatiker.
On a modification of the EVEN‐IRA algorithm for the solution of T‐even polynomial eigenvalue problems
Authors: Faßbender Heike , Saltenberger Philip 
Published: December 2018

AbstractWe discuss the numerical solution of T‐even n × n polynomial eigenvalue problems and show how a small portion of the spectrum can be obtained using just 𝒪(n3) arithmetic operations. For that purpose, we apply the EVEN‐IRA algorithm proposed in [1] to a special structure‐preserving linearization. In this particular situation, the Arnolid iteration as a main part of the EVEN‐IRA algorithm can be realized very efficiently.
Teaching Vision‐based Control for Autonomous Driving with Lego Mindstorms EV3, Raspberry Pi and Simulink
Authors: Otto Svenja , Schmitt Alexander , Dücker Daniel , Seifried Robert 
Published: December 2018

AbstractLego Mindstorms is a popular platform to teach robotics in schools and colleges. Basic mechanical properties as well as programming concepts can be taught to students of various ages. However, there are limitations, for example the lack of a camera for vision‐based control which is fundamental for autonomous applications like self‐driving cars. Within the framework of a summer school, we solve this limitation by adding a webcam and a Raspberry Pi to the platform. The class is designed to teach undergraduate students mechanical principles, vision‐based control and basic programming concepts in a project‐based setting.