bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
NETosis proceeds by cytoskeleton and endomembrane disassembly and PAD4-mediated chromatin de-condensation and nuclear envelope rupture
Authors: Thiam Hawa Racine , Wong Siu Ling , Qiu Rong , Kittisopikul Mark , Vahabikashi Amir , Goldman Anne E. , Goldman Robert D. , Wagner Denisa D. , Waterman Clare M. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractNeutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are web-like DNA structures decorated with histones and cytotoxic proteins that are released by activated neutrophils to trap and neutralize pathogens during the innate immune response, but also form in and exacerbate sterile inflammation. Peptidylarginine deiminase 4 (PAD4) citrullinates histones and is required for NET formation (NETosis) in mouse neutrophils. While thein vivoimpact of NETs is accumulating, the cellular events driving NETosis and the role of PAD4 in these events are unclear. We performed high resolution time-lapse microscopy of mouse and human neutrophils (PMN) and differentiated HL-60 neutrophil-like cells (dHL-60) labelled with fluorescent markers of organelles and stimulated with ionomycin or lipopolysaccharides to induce NETosis. Upon stimulation, cells exhibited rapid disassembly of the actin cytoskeleton, followed by shedding of plasma membrane microvesicles, disassembly and remodeling of the microtubule and vimentin cytoskeletons, ER vesiculation, chromatin de-condensation and nuclear rounding, progressive plasma membrane and nuclear envelope (NE) permeabilization, nuclear lamin meshwork and then NE rupture to release DNA into the cytoplasm, and finally plasma membrane rupture and discharge of extracellular DNA. Inhibition of actin disassembly blocked NET release. Mouse and dHL-60 cells bearing genetic alteration of PAD4 showed that chromatin de-condensation, lamin meshwork and NE rupture and extracellular DNA release required the enzymatic and nuclear localization activities of PAD4. Thus, NETosis proceeds by a step-wise sequence of cellular events culminating in the PAD4-mediated expulsion of DNA.Significance StatementNeutrophils are white blood cells specialized as the first line of host defense in the immune system. One way they protect organisms is through NETosis, in which they expel their DNA to form a web-like trap that ensnares pathogens and promotes clotting. However, NETs also mediate sterile inflammation, causing damage to the body. We used high-resolution live-cell microscopy to perform the first systematic characterization of the timing of dynamic cellular events leading to NETosis in human and mouse neutrophils and a neutrophil-like cell line. We discovered that NETosis proceeds by a step-wise sequence of cellular events that is conserved across species, and requires the activity of the PAD4 enzyme for DNA to be released from the nucleus and cell membrane.
Population Genomics of Nontuberculous Mycobacteria Recovered from United States Cystic Fibrosis Patients
Authors: Hasan Nabeeh A. , Davidson Rebecca M. , Epperson L. Elaine , Kammlade Sara M. , Rodger Rachael R. , Levin Adrah R. , Sherwood Alyssa , Sagel Scott D. , Martiniano Stacey L. , Daley Charles L. , Salfinger Max , Nick Jerry A. , Strong Michael 
Published: June 2019

AbstractNontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) pose a threat to individuals with cystic fibrosis (CF) due to an increased prevalence of pulmonary infections, innate drug resistance of the bacteria, and potential transmission between CF patients. To explore the genetic diversity of NTM isolated from CF patients within the United States (US) and to identify potential transmission events, we sequenced and analyzed the genomes of 341 NTM isolates from 191 CF patients as part of a nationwide surveillance study. The most abundant species in the isolate cohort wereMycobacterium abscessus(59.5%), followed by species in theMycobacterium aviumcomplex (37.5%). Phylogenomic analyses of the threeM. abscessussubspecies revealed that more than half of CF patients had isolates in one of four dominant clones, including two dominant clones ofM. abscessussubspeciesabscessusand two dominant clones ofM. abscessussubspeciesmassiliense. M. aviumisolates from US CF patients, however, do not have dominant clones and are phylogenetically diverse. Longitudinal NTM isolates were compared to determine genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that occur within patients over time. This information was used to compare between and within-patient SNP distributions, to quantitatively define SNP thresholds suggestive of transmission, and calculate a posterior probability of recent transmission given the SNP distance between two isolates from different patients. Out of 114 patients withM. abscessussubspecies, ten clusters of highly similar isolates from 26 patients were identified. Among the 26 patients in theM. abscessusclusters, 12 attended the same CF care centers. No highly similar isolate clusters were observed inM. avium. Our study reveals the contrasting genomic diversity and epidemiology of two major NTM taxa and the potential for between-patient exposure and cross-transmission of these emerging pathogens.
Germline maintenance through the multifaceted activities of GLH/Vasa inCaenorhabditis elegansP granules
Authors: Marnik Elisabeth A. , Fuqua J. Heath , Sharp Catherine S. , Rochester Jesse D. , Xu Emily L. , Holbrook Sarah E. , Updike Dustin L. 
Published: June 2019

SUMMARYVasa is a highly conserved member of the ATP-dependent DEAD box helicase family, a multipotency factor, and a critical component for the specification and maintenance of the germline. Its homologs have been shown to regulate translation, small RNA amplification, and serve as a molecular solvent for single-stranded RNA; however, the function of Vasa’s defining domains and what they interact with are unclear. To address this, 28 mutant alleles of theC. elegansVasa homolog GLH-1 were generated in conserved motifs. Mutations in the flanking and helicase domains show that GLH-1 retains its association with P granules through its helicase activity and not through static interactions with other P-granule proteins. Changes outside of these domains retain GLH-1 in P granules but still compromise fertility, and removal of glycine-rich repeats progressively diminish P-granule wetting-like interactions at the nuclear periphery. A mutation that facilitates Vasa aggregation was previously leveraged in insects and mammals to identify the transient association of Vasa with piRNA amplifying Argonautes. This same mutation in GLH-1 also stimulates aggregation and association with Argonautes, suggesting that the transient amplifying complex is evolutionarily conserved even though the method of piRNA amplification inC. elegansis not. Mass spectrometry analysis of proteins that co-immunoprecipitate with wild type and mutant GLH-1 reveal an affinity for all three PCI (26SProteasome Lid,COP9, eIF3) scaffolding complexes, which regulate protein turnover and translation, and a possible aversion for ribosomes and the 26S proteasome core. These results suggest that phase-separated P granules compartmentalize the cytoplasm to exclude large protein assemblies and emphasize the role of Vasa homologs in maintaining proteostasis.GRAPHICAL ABSTRACTHIGHLIGHTSGLH-1/Vasa helicase activity is required for germ granule association and the flanking domain is critical component of this helicase activity.GLH-1 and GLH-2 glycine-rich FG-repeats increase the coverage or wetting-like properties of germ granules at the nuclear periphery.Locked GLH-1 helicase domains increase association with Argonaute proteins, resembling small RNA transient amplifying complexes observed in insects and mammals.GLH-1 has an affinity for all three PCI (26S Proteasome Lid, COP9, eIF3) scaffolding complexes, emphasizing a role in protein translation and turnover.
An improved method for culturing myotubes on laminins for the robust clustering of postsynaptic machinery
Authors: Pęziński Marcin , Daszczuk Patrycja , Pradhan Bhola Shankar , Lochmüller Hanns , Prószyński Tomasz J. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractMotor neurons form specialized synapses with skeletal muscle fibers, called neuromuscular junctions (NMJs). Cultured myotubes are used as a simplified in vitro system to study the postsynaptic specialization of muscles. The stimulation of myotubes with the glycoprotein agrin or laminin-111 induces the clustering of postsynaptic machinery that contains acetylcholine receptors (AChRs). When myotubes are grown on laminin-coated surfaces, AChR clusters undergo developmental remodeling to form topologically complex structures that resemble mature NMJs. Needing further exploration are the molecular processes that govern AChR cluster assembly and its developmental maturation. Here, we describe an improved protocol for culturing muscle cells to promote the formation of complex AChR clusters. We screened various laminin isoforms and showed that laminin-221 was the most potent for inducing AChR clusters, whereas laminin-121, laminin-211, and laminin-221 afforded the highest percentages of topologically complex assemblies. Human primary myotubes that were formed by myoblasts obtained from patient biopsies also assembled AChR clusters that underwent remodeling in vitro. Collectively, these results demonstrate an advancement of culturing myotubes that can facilitate high-throughput screening for potential therapeutic targets for neuromuscular disorders.
Predicting factors for long-term survival in patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest – a propensity score-matched analysis
Authors: Lahmann Anna Lena , Bongiovanni Dario , Berkefeld Anna , Kettern Maximilian , Martinez Lucas , Okrojek Rainer , Hoppmann Petra , Laugwitz Karl-Ludwig , Kasel Markus , Cassese Salvatore , Byrne Robert , Kufner Sebastian , Xhepa Erion , Schunkert Heribert , Kastrati Adnan , Joner Michael 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundOut-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, with acute coronary syndromes accounting for most of the cases.While the benefit of early revascularization has been clearly demonstrated in patients with ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), diagnostic pathways remain unclear in the absence of STEMI. We aimed to characterize OHCA patients presenting to 2 tertiary cardiology centers and identify predicting factors associated with survival.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed 519 patients after OHCA from February 2003 to December 2017 at 2 centers in Munich, Germany. Patients undergoing immediate coronary angiography (CAG) were compared to those without. Propensity score (PS) matching analysis and multivariate regression analysis were performed to identify predictors for improved outcome.ResultsImmediate CAG was performed in 385 (74.1%) patients after OHCA with presumed cardiac cause of arrest.As a result of multivariate analysis after propensity score matching, we found that ROSC at admission and immediate CAG were associated with better 30-days-survival [(OR, 6.54; 95% CI, 2.03-21.02), (OR, 2.41; 95% CI, 1.04-5.55)], and 1-year-survival [(OR, 4.49; 95% CI, 1.55-12.98), (OR, 2.54; 95% CI, 1.06-6.09)].ConclusionsIn our study, ROSC at admission and immediate CAG were independent predictors of survival in cardiac arrest survivors. Improvement in prehospital management including bystander CPR and best practice post-resuscitation care with optimized triage of patients to an early invasive strategy may help ameliorate overall outcome of this critically-ill patient population.
Super-resolution imaging reveals changes inEscherichia coliSSB localization in response to DNA damage
Authors: Zhao Tianyu , Liu Yan , Wang Zilin , He Rongyan , Zhang Jia Xiang , Xu Feng , Lei Ming , Deci Michael B. , Nguyen Juliane , Bianco Piero R. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractTheE. colisingle stranded DNA binding protein (SSB) is essential to viability. It plays key roles in DNA metabolism where it binds to nascent single strands of DNA and to target proteins known as the SSB interactome. There are >2,000 tetramers of SSB per cell with perhaps 100-150 associated with genome at any one time, either at DNA replication forks or at sites of DNA repair. The remaining 1,900 tetramers could constantly diffuse throughout the cytosol or be associated with the inner membrane as observed for other DNA metabolic enzymes such as DnaA and RecA. To visualize SSB directly and to ascertain spatiotemporal changes in tetramer localization in response to DNA damage, SSB-GFP chimeras were visualized using a novel, super-resolution microscope optimized for visualization of prokaryotic cells. Results show that in the absence of DNA damage, SSB localizes to a small number of foci and the excess protein is observed associated with the inner membrane where it binds to the major phospholipids. Within five minutes following DNA damage, the vast majority of SSB disengages from the membrane and is found almost exclusively in the cell interior. Here, it is observed in a large number of foci, in discreet structures or, in diffuse form spread over the genome, thereby enabling repair events. In the process, it may also deliver interactome partners such as RecG or PriA to sites where their repair functions are required.
Guanxi, trust and reward-based crowdfunding success: a Chinese case
Authors: Zhao Liang , Vinig Tsvi 
Published: June 2019

Purpose
This paper aims to examine different hypotheses concerning the effects of guanxi on the reward-based crowdfunding project fundraising. Specifically, this study provides new insights into how guanxi and guanxi intensity may affect reward-based crowdfunding success and project performance in the Chinese context.

Design/methodology/approach
The research data including 989 crowdfunding projects were collected from zhongchou.com which is the largest reward-based crowdfunding platform in a one-year period (2014.1-2014.12). The hypotheses are tested by using robust OLS regressions and robust logistic regressions. Robustness check was also conducted to test the validation of the results.

Findings
This paper found that project developers’ guanxi-establishing behavior conducted before launching their own projects such as being fans of other projects and supporting other projects are positively related to project success. In addition, the intensity of guanxi-establishing behavior positively influences project performance in a significant way. Besides, the establishment and maintenance of project developers’ guanxi with funders during the fundraising process are also positively associated with project success and fundraising performance.

Originality/value
Based on the theory of trust, this paper offers an interesting and novel perspective to investigate reward-based crowdfunding success in the Chinese context by taking guanxi and guanxi intensity into consideration.
There was movement at the station: western education at Moola Bulla, 1910-1955
Authors: Povey Rhonda , Trudgett Michelle 
Published: June 2019

Purpose
The focus of this paper is to centre the lived experiences and perceptions of western education held by Aboriginal people who lived at Moola Bulla Native Cattle Station (Moola Bulla) in Western Australia, between 1910 and 1955. Of interest is an investigation into how government legislations and policies influenced these experiences and perceptions. The purpose of this paper is to promote the powerful narrative that simultaneously acknowledges injustice and honours Aboriginal agency.

Design/methodology/approach
The research from which this paper is drawn moves away from colonial, paternalistic and racist interpretations of history; it is designed to decolonise the narrative of Aboriginal education in remote Western Australia. The research uses the wide and deep angle lens of qualitative historical research, filtered by decolonising methodologies and standpoint theory. Simultaneously, the paper valorises the contributions Indigenous academics are making to the decolonisation of historical research.

Findings
Preliminary findings suggest the narrative told by the residents who were educated at Moola Bulla support a reframing of previous deficit misrepresentations of indigeneity into strength-based narratives. These narratives, or “counter stories”, articulate resistance to colonial master narratives.

Social implications
This paper argues that listening to Aboriginal lived experiences and perceptions of western education from the past will better inform our engagement with the delivery of equitable educational opportunities for Aboriginal students in remote contexts in the future.

Originality/value
This paper will contribute to the wider academic community by addressing accountability in Aboriginal education. Most important to the study is the honouring of the participants and families of those who once lived on Moola Bulla, many who are speaking back through the telling of their story.
Two-phase nanofluid over rotating disk with exponential variable thickness
Authors: Liu Chunyan , Ding Yiming , Zheng Liancun , Lin Ping , Li Ruilin 
Published: June 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of nanofluid over rotating disk with the exponential variable thickness

Z=ce−bRR0 (c > 0, b > 0) and to analyze Brownian motion and thermophoresis of Buongiorno model on the disk embedded in nanofluid-saturated porous media.

Design/methodology/approach
Using the generalized von Karman transformation, the boundary layer governing equations are transformed into semi-similar forms solved by bvp4c in MATLAB.

Findings
The effects of the thickness parameter a, the shape parameter b, the Brownian motion parameter Nb and thermophoresis parameter Nt on flow, heat and mass transfer are analyzed. With the increase of thickness parameter a, the radial velocity first decreases and then increases, showing the opposite trend on the two sides of the peak value. Moreover, temperature and concentration rise as the Brownian motion parameter Nb becomes larger.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first work that has been done on rotating disk with exponential variable thickness in nanofluid. The impact of the two slip effects, namely, Brownian motion and thermophoresis, on the nanofluid boundary layer flow, heat and mass transfer because of rotating disk with exponential variable thickness

Z=ce−bRR0 (c > 0, b > 0) has been addressed in this study.
Time-dependent study of boiling heat transfer coefficient in a vertical minichannel
Authors: Maciejewska Beata , Piasecka Magdalena 
Published: June 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to determine the time-dependent heat transfer coefficient during FC-72 flow boiling in a 1.7-mm-deep vertical and asymmetrically heated minichannel.

Design/methodology/approach
The temperature of the minichannel heated wall was recorded continuously with the use of thermocouples. The heat transfer coefficients for the subcooled and saturated boiling regions at the heated wall–fluid contact surface were calculated from the Robin boundary condition. Both the wall and fluid temperatures were obtained from the solution of the inverse nonstationary problems in two adjacent domains: the heated wall and flowing fluid. The FEM with Trefftz-type basis functions was applied to solve the inverse problem.

Findings
The obtained time-dependent heat transfer coefficient in subcooled boiling achieved rather low values, whereas in saturated boiling, the coefficient was the highest at the channel inlet. The boiling curves were plotted to illustrate the results.

Practical implications
The results of experiments are the best source of information for the design of minichannel cooling systems used for thermoregulation of components and heat exchangers. High-tech minichannel heat exchangers are applied in various industrial applications as microelectronics devices, gas turbines, internal combustion engines, nuclear reactors, X-ray sources and organic rankine cycle (ORC) modules.

Originality/value
In the study, the Trefftz functions for the nonstationary Fourier–Kirchhoff equation with the factor describing void fraction were determined and then used to construct the time-dependent basis functions in FEM.
CSR communication strategies and stakeholder engagement of upscale hotels in social media
Authors: Kucukusta Deniz , Perelygina Mariia , Lam Wing Sze 
Published: June 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to investigate how hotels practice corporate social responsibility (CSR) communication through social media, including which content type and media type receive the highest level of engagement. Two major aspects are considered, namely, CSR communication activity and stakeholder engagement.Design/methodology/approachThe analysis is conducted for Forbes four-star to five-star hotels in Hong Kong. Facebook data are extracted from the property pages of the sample hotels by Netvizz, which is a Facebook data extraction application. The data analysis includes three steps and combines qualitative and quantitative approaches.FindingsThe results indicate that the type of information has a significant influence on engagement and has even more of an affect than the message strategy. Although the number of CSR-related posts is significantly lower than marketing-oriented posts, they achieve a comparable level of popularity and engagement. Posts encouraging CSR practices show the highest level of engagement among CSR-related posts. In terms of media and content types, video achieves the highest engagement, and posts related to discounts achieve the highest engagement.Originality/valueThis study fills the gap in the current literature by conducting a comparison between marketing and CSR communication strategies on social media. It also provides insights on how to draft more effective CSR messages.
Analysis of hotels’ environmentally sustainable policies and practices
Authors: Khatter Ajay , McGrath Michael , Pyke Joanne , White Leanne , Lockstone-Binney Leonie 
Published: June 2019

PurposeThis paper aims to present the findings of an analysis of the environmentally sustainable policies and practices (ESPPs) used by independent and chain-affiliated hotels. The study aimed to ascertain the engagement of hotels with ESPPs and provide tentative evidence of their commitment towards meeting the expectations of environmentally conscious stakeholders.Design/methodology/approachThis study used secondary data and content analysis to examine the ESPPs of a sample of 220 hotels in Melbourne, Australia. A systematic review was conducted of hotel websites to reveal, in a tabulated way, the range of reporting of environmental material provided by various rated hotels.FindingsThis analysis suggests that environmentally friendly business practices are prominently displayed by the hotels sampled; however, independent non-chain affiliated hotels are yet to adopt ESPPs in any visible way.Originality/valueThis study was broadly informed by stakeholder theory (Freeman, 1984) and aimed to ascertain the engagement of hotels with ESPPs. While previous studies have focussed on chain hotels, this research involved a greater range of hotels of different profiles to highlight the mix of ESPPs across the hotel sector. Rather than merely examining the corporate websites of hotel companies, the research additionally examined ESPPs at the individual hotel property level, as this is where policies are implemented into practice. The extant literature to date has not studied the extent to which ESPPs are adopted by independent and chain-affiliated hotels at this level, and it is this research gap that the study addresses.