bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Behçet’s disease as a causative factor of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis: subgroup analysis of data from the VENOST study
Authors: Uluduz Derya , Midi Ipek , Duman Taskin , Colakoglu Sena , Tüfekci Ahmet , Bakar Mustafa , Nazliel Bijen , Tascilar Nida , Goksan Baki , Sungur Mehmet Ali , Kozak Hasan Huseyin , Demir Serkan , Misirli Cemile Handan , Kucukoglu Hayriye , Cinar Nilgun , Domac Fusun Mayda , Ozturk Serefnur , Yayla Vildan , Karahan Ali Yavuz , Afsar Nazire , Goksu Eylem Ozaydin , Mengulluoglu Necdet , Aytac Emrah , Yesilot Nilufer , Ince Birsen , Yalin Ozgur Osman , Oruc Serdar , Demirci Seden , Senol Mehmet Guney , Yilmaz Arda , Gokce Mustafa , Yilmaz Kusbeci Özge , Uzuner Gulnur , Batur Caglayan Hale Zeynep , Acikgoz Mustafa , Zeydan Burcu , Ozdag Fatih , Baybas Sevim , Ekmekci Hakan , Cabalar Murat , Yaman Mehmet , Yurekli Vedat Ali , Tekeli Hakan , Genc Hamit , Utku Uygar , Ucan Tokuc Firdevs Ezgi , Uzuner Nevzat , Bektas Hesna , Kablan Yuksel , Goksel Basak K , Milanlioglu Aysel , Necioglu Orken Dilek , Aluclu Ufuk 
Published: May 2018

Abstract

Objective
This study was performed to determine the rate of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) among cases of Behçet’s disease (BD) included in a multicentre study of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (VENOST).

Methods
VENOST was a retrospective and prospective national multicentre observational study that included 1144 patients with CVST. The patients were classified according to aetiologic factors, time of CVST symptom onset, sinus involvement, treatment approach and prognosis.

Results
BD was shown to be a causative factor of CVST in 108 (9.4%) of 1144 patients. The mean age of patients in the BD group was 35.27 years and 68.5% were men, whereas in the non-BD CVST group, the mean age was 40.57 years and 28.3% were men (P < 0.001). Among the aetiologic factors for patients aged 18–36 years, BD was predominant for men, and puerperium was predominant for women. The onset of symptoms in the BD group was consistent with the subacute form. The transverse sinuses were the most common sites of thrombosis, followed by the superior sagittal sinuses. The most common symptom was headache (96.2%), followed by visual field defects (38%).

Conclusions
BD was found in 9.4% of patients in our VENOST series. Patients with BD were younger and showed a male predominance. The functional outcome of CVST in patients with BD was good; only 12% of patients presenting with cranial nerve involvement and altered consciousness at the beginning had a poor outcome (modified Rankin Score ⩾2).
The Role of Social Ties in Factor Allocation
Authors: Beck Ulrik , Bjerge Benedikte , Fafchamps Marcel 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
We investigate whether social structure helps or hinders factor allocation using unusually rich data from the Gambia. Evidence indicates that land available for cultivation is allocated unequally across households; and that factor transfers are more common between neighbors, co-ethnics, and kinship-related households. Does this lead to the conclusion that land inequality is due to flows of land between households being impeded by social divisions? To answer this question, a novel methodology that approaches exhaustive data on dyadic flows from an aggregate point of view is introduced. Land transfers lead to a more equal distribution of land and to more comparable factor ratios across households in general. But equalizing transfers of land are not more likely within ethnic or kinship groups. In conclusion, ethnic and kinship divisions do not hinder land and labor transfers in a way that contributes to aggregate factor inequality. Labor transfers do not equilibrate factor ratios across households. But it cannot be ruled out that they serve a beneficial role, for example, to deal with unanticipated health shocks.
The Impact of Postpartum Hemorrhage on Hospital Length of Stay and Inpatient Mortality: A National Inpatient Sample-based Analysis
Authors: Marshall A.L. , Durani U. , Bartley A. , Hagen C.E. , Ashrani A. , Rose C. , Go R.S. , Pruthi R.K. 
Published: May 2018

(Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2017;217(3):344.e1–344.e6)
Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) has an estimated prevalence of 6% to 11% worldwide and has increased during the 1990s and 2000s in several countries including the United States. PPH is the leading worldwide cause of maternal morbidity and mortality. While the association between PPH and maternal mortality is well established, there is a need for further population-based observational studies to strengthen the epidemiologic evidence for PPH. This study aimed to examine the association between PPH and the outcomes of hospital length of stay (LOS) and inpatient mortality by using a large sample of hospital-based deliveries.
Reassessing the Duration of the Second Stage of Labor in Relation to Maternal and Neonatal Morbidity
Authors: Grantz K.L. , Sundaram R. , Ma L. , Hinkle S. , Berghella V. , Hoffman M.K. , Reddy U.M. 
Published: May 2018

(Obstet Gynecol. 2018;131(2):345–353)
Prolonged second stage of labor is associated with an increased risk of postpartum hemorrhage, maternal febrile morbidity, infection, perineal trauma, and neonatal morbidities. Previously, the Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine and American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists in an effort to reduce an initial cesarean section in patients receiving epidural analgesia, recommended that second-stage arrest be redefined by the addition of 1 hour: 4 versus 3 hours for nulliparous women with an epidural, and 3 versus 2 hours for multiparous women with an epidural. In the present study, the authors calculated the likelihood of vaginal birth without serious maternal or neonatal morbidity or mortality compared with birth with morbidity or mortality, so as to better inform clinical decision-making.
Antidepressant Use During Pregnancy and Psychiatric Disorders in Offspring: Danish Nationwide Register-based Cohort Study
Authors: Liu X. , Agerbo E. , Ingstrup K.G. , Musliner K. , Meltzer-Brody S. , Bergink V. , Munk-Olsen T. 
Published: May 2018

(BMJ. 2017;358:j3668)
Antidepressants, such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), are prescribed during pregnancy and are considered safe. Recent studies have raised concerns regarding the long-term neurodevelopmental effects, such as autism and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, of these medications on the offspring. However, gaps exist in the knowledge of antidepressant use during pregnancy and risk of psychiatric disorders in the offspring. This population-based cohort study was performed to investigate the association between in utero antidepressant exposure and overall risk of psychiatric disorders in children.
Lessons Learned From a Single Institution’s Retrospective Analysis of Emergent Cesarean Delivery Following External Cephalic Version With and Without Neuraxial Anesthesia
Authors: Ainsworth A. , Sviggum H.P. , Tolcher M.C. , Weaver A.L. , Holman M.A. , Arendt K.W. 
Published: May 2018

(Int J Obstet Anesth. 2017;31:57–62)
External cephalic version (ECV) has widely variable rates of success (30% to 80%), but, if successful, can prevent cesarean deliveries required due to breech presentation. Previously, the success rate of ECV has been shown to increase by up to 60% with the use of neuraxial anesthesia (NA) during the procedure. Randomized clinical trials comparing ECV with and without NA have reported increased rates of successful ECVs without an increase in emergency cesarean deliveries when NA is used. However, during reviews of internal data, the current authors noted a higher rate of cesarean delivery following ECVs performed with NA versus without at their institution. This retrospective study evaluated whether the randomized clinical trials reflected the realities of clinical practice at their institution.
Risk of Neonatal Drug Withdrawal after Intrauterine Coexposure to Opioids and Psychotropic Medications: Cohort Study
Authors: Huybrechts K.F. , Bateman B.T. , Desai R.J. , Hernandez-Diaz S. , Rough K. , Mogun H. , Kerzner L.S. , Davis J.M. , Stover M. , Bartels D. , Cottral J. , Patorno E 
Published: May 2018

(BMJ. 2017;358:j3326)
Neonatal abstinence syndrome is a recognized complication of intrauterine exposure to opioids. Neonatal abstinence syndrome can manifest in a number of different ways, from difficulty feeding and sleeping to more severe complications such as impaired thermoregulation, seizures, failure to thrive, and respiratory distress. Because pregnant women who are using an opioid often also use psychotropic medications, there are concerns about potential interactions between the opioid and psychotropic drugs leading to an increase in the occurrence and severity of neonatal drug withdrawal from. However, not much is known about how this risk varies by type of psychotropic medicine or about the risks associated with psychotropic polypharmacy. These investigators undertook the present study to determine whether the risk of neonatal drug withdrawal in newborns exposed in utero to one or more psychotropic medications in addition to opioids is greater and more severe than those exposed to opioids alone.
Labor Induction and Cesarean Delivery: A Prospective Cohort Study of First Births in Pennsylvania USA
Authors: Kjerulff K.H. , Attanasio L.B. , Edmonds J.K. , Kozhimannil K.B. , Repke J.T. 
Published: May 2018

(Birth. 2017;44(3):252–261)
The rate of induced labor in the United States has risen from 9.6% in 1990 to 23.3% in 2012. Cesarean delivery is associated with higher rates of maternal and neonatal morbidity, and labor induction has been associated with increased risk for cesarean delivery. It is unclear, however, whether this association between labor induction and cesarean delivery is due to intrapartum factors that commonly occur in association with or after labor induction, or if it is due to maternal characteristics or indicators leading to the decision to induce. This study aimed to determine why induced nulliparous women are more likely to deliver via cesarean delivery compared with nulliparous women who are not induced.
Optimal Intrathecal Hyperbaric Bupivacaine Dose With Opioids for Cesarean Delivery: A Prospective Double-blinded Randomized Trial
Authors: Onishi E. , Murakami M. , Hashimoto K. , Kaneko M. 
Published: May 2018

(Int J Obstet Anesth. 2017;31:68–73)
Single-shot spinal anesthesia is one of the most common anesthetic techniques for cesarean delivery. When choosing the dose of hyperbaric bupivacaine to use for this procedure, one must balance the need for a dose that will achieve adequate anesthesia for the duration of the surgery while avoiding the complications such as hypotension associated with higher doses. In this prospective, randomized, double-blinded, dose-ranging trial conducted between 2010 and 2013 at a single hospital in Japan, the researchers goal was to identify the ideal dose of intrathecal hyperbaric bupivacaine, coadministered with opioids, for cesarean delivery.
Personal Growth Attributed by Nursing Students to a Diversity Class
Authors: Williams Ishan C. , Anderson Walter P. , Lopez-Baez Sandra I. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Although many nursing programs provide diversity training to enhance the understanding of cultural influences on health care, little is known about outcomes. This is due in part to a lack of consensus regarding definitions and measures. The purpose of this study was to examine a set of self-perceptions defined as personal growth, attributed by graduate nursing students (N = 41) to an eight-week diversity course. Participants reported modest levels of personal growth. Educators can adapt the instrument and method of this study to measure student attributions of growth to any aspect of nursing education.
Concomitant Use of 1,550-nm Nonablative Fractional Laser With Low-Dose Isotretinoin for the Treatment of Acne Vulgaris in Asian Patients: A Randomized Split-Face Controlled Study
Authors: Xia Jun , Hu Guanglei , Hu Die , Geng Songmei , Zeng Weihui 
Published: May 2018

BACKGROUND
Nonablative fractional laser (NAFL) has been shown to improve the appearance of inflammatory acne and acne scars. Isotretinoin is effective for the treatment of moderate-to-severe cases of recalcitrant acne. However, the recommended dose of isotretinoin can have profound effects.

OBJECTIVE
To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of performing NAFL treatment in patients with moderate-to-severe acne vulgaris under treatment with low-dose oral isotretinoin.

METHODS AND MATERIALS
Eighteen patients who received 10-mg oral isotretinoin per day completed 3 sessions of NAFL treatment on one half of the face and presented for each scheduled follow-up appointment.

RESULTS
Low-dose isotretinoin was effective in managing papules and nodule lesions (p < .001). Comedo lesions were significantly improved on NAFL-treated half-faces, compared with untreated half-faces (p < .05) as well as on the appearance of atrophic boxcar scars (superficial boxcar scar, p < .05; deep boxcar scar, p < .01). The most common side effects of oral isotretinoin were xerostomia and cheilitis. The most common discomforts associated with NAFL treatment were mild transient erythema and edema in the treated area.

CONCLUSION
The combination of NAFL with low-dose isotretinoin is a safe and effective treatment for moderate-to-severe acne.
Cosmetic Dermatology Training During Residency: Outcomes of a Resident-Reported Survey
Authors: Champlain Amanda , Reserva Jeave , Webb Kirsten , Griffin Dana , Moy Lauren , Joyce Cara , Glaser Dee Anna , Lawrence Naomi , Lee Kachiu C. , Antonovich Diana D. , Duffy David M. , Kim Jenny , Ozog David , Sobanko Joseph , Alam Murad , Tung Rebecca C. 
Published: May 2018

BACKGROUND
As the demand for cosmetic treatments increases, it is important for dermatology residents to be educated about and achieve proficiency in dermatologic cosmetic procedures.

OBJECTIVE
To assess dermatology residents' educational exposure to cosmetic dermatology.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
An anonymous 18-question survey was sent electronically to 1,266 dermatology residents requesting information about cosmetic dermatology training during residency.

RESULTS
Two hundred sixty-eight residents responded to the survey (21% response rate). Most residents receive didactic instruction (94%) and hands-on training (91%) on cosmetic dermatology topics during residency. Survey participants in residency programs perceived as supportive of cosmetic dermatology training are more frequently provided lectures (70% vs 31%, p < .001) and procedural training (100% vs 69%, p < .001) in cosmetic dermatology as compared to residents in unsupportive programs. Eighty-nine percent of respondents reported hands-on training as the most effective method for developing proficiency in cosmetic procedures.

CONCLUSION
Providing safe and competent patient care should serve as the impetus for expanding cosmetic dermatology education and training for residents.
Thyrotropin Receptor Antibodies—An Overview
Authors: Kotwal Anupam , Stan Marius 
Published: May 2018

Purpose:
Thyroid autoimmunity affects approximately 5% of the population, and its investigation relies heavily on the use of autoantibodies. Thyroid stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR) autoantibodies (TRAb) play a central role in the evaluation of Graves disease (GD), Graves ophthalmopathy (GO) and pretibial myxedema (PTM). However, there is still controversy regarding overall TRAb assay diagnostic accuracy and their prognostic utility.

Methods:
We reviewed and analyzed the literature reporting TRAb assays and their clinical utility.

Results:
Current assays measure the overall TRAb titer in a competitive manner (TSH binding inhibiting immunoglobulin assay) or biologic activity of the stimulating TSHR autoantibodies (thyroid stimulating immunoglobulin assay). Both types of assays have improved over time with advances in sensitivity and specificity. TRAb are particularly relevant in hyperthyroidism cases where use of iodinated contrast is not an option (e.g., pregnancy or recent use of iodinated contrast) or in cases of euthyroid eye disease, suspicious for GO. Third generation TRAb assays are useful for therapy selection in GD, prognostic predictions in GO and risk prediction for fetal and neonatal thyrotoxicosis.

Discussion:
Given the pathogenic role of TRAb, we expect that the future will bring useful evidence regarding their predictive role with respect to efficacy of therapeutic modalities for GO and PTM. We also hope to better understand the role of blocking and neutral antibodies against TSHR, and harness that ability for modulation of thyroid function or therapy of differentiated thyroid carcinoma managed with TSH suppression.

Conclusions:
Thyroid autoimmune diseases have seen tremendous gains in understanding their pathophysiology, largely antibody mediated. Better TRAb testing is becoming a springboard for providing individualized patient care.
Peripherally restricted cannabinoid 1 receptor agonist as a novel analgesic in cancer-induced bone pain
Authors: Zhang Hong , Lund Dominique M. , Ciccone Haley A. , Staatz William D. , Ibrahim Mohab M. , Largent-Milnes Tally M. , Seltzman Herbert H. , Spigelman Igor , Vanderah Todd W. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Many malignant cancers, including breast cancer, have a propensity to invade bones, leading to excruciating bone pain. Opioids are the primary analgesics used to alleviate this cancer-induced bone pain (CIBP) but are associated with numerous severe side effects, including enhanced bone degradation, which significantly impairs patients' quality of life. By contrast, agonists activating only peripheral CB1 receptors (CB1Rs) have been shown to effectively alleviate multiple chronic pain conditions with limited side effects, yet no studies have evaluated their role(s) in CIBP. Here, we demonstrate for the first time that a peripherally selective CB1R agonist can effectively suppress CIBP. Our studies using a syngeneic murine model of CIBP show that both acute and sustained administration of a peripherally restricted CB1R agonist, 4-{2-[-(1E)-1[(4-propylnaphthalen-1-yl)methylidene]-1H-inden-3-yl]ethyl}morpholine (PrNMI), significantly alleviated spontaneous pain behaviors in the animals. This analgesic effect by PrNMI can be reversed by a systemic administration but not spinal injection of SR141716, a selective CB1R antagonist. In addition, the cancer-induced bone loss in the animals was not exacerbated by a repeated administration of PrNMI. Furthermore, catalepsy and hypothermia, the common side effects induced by cannabinoids, were measured at the supratherapeutic doses of PrNMI tested. PrNMI induced mild sedation, yet no anxiety or a decrease in limb movements was detected. Overall, our studies demonstrate that CIBP can be effectively managed by using a peripherally restricted CB1R agonist, PrNMI, without inducing dose-limiting central side effects. Thus, targeting peripheral CB1Rs could be an alternative therapeutic strategy for the treatment of CIBP.
Qualitative Research in Correctional Settings: Researcher Bias, Western Ideological Influences, and Social Justice
Authors: Wadams Morgan , Park Tanya 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACT
Within correctional settings, justice, health, and academic systems overlap for forensic nurse researchers. Within an environment that stresses social control, a researcher's implicit views, perspectives, and biases can lead to altering the authentic (re)presentation of a participant's experience. Researcher bias may be influenced by predominately western ideologies and societal discourses. Qualitative methods to mitigate and raise awareness around researcher biases include bracketing, unstructured interviews, diverse peer review, thinking inductively, investigator responsiveness, and critical reflexivity. In addition to these methods, a social justice perspective should be included within the ethical foundation, guiding theories, and worldview in the research design to mitigate western ideological influences on researcher bias. Finally, a forensic nurse researcher should consider how possible western influences on researcher bias impact their ethical and moral obligation to their participants, the research community, and their clinical practice.
Male Help-Seeking After Sexual Assault: A Series of Case Studies Informing Sexual Assault Nurse Examiner Practice
Authors: Porta Carolyn M. , Johnson Ellen , Finn Cris 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACT

Background
A series of three composite case studies of cisgender men who presented to an emergency department for care after experiencing a sexual assault are presented. These cases show common assault characteristics including substance use, force, and multiple perpetrators.

Methods
We describe the sexual assault nurse examiner (SANE) findings and treatment and provide legal details of specific cases when available.

Results
These case reports highlight common challenges to help-seeking and the primary reasons these male victims overcame the barriers to seek care.

Discussion
SANEs are encouraged to provide consistent care to all sexual assault patients, regardless of gender. SANEs have an obligation to educate peers and broader society about sexual assault prevention and to advocate for policies that encourage help-seeking when a sexual assault has occurred.
Endobronchial Ultrasound-guided Transbronchial Needle Aspiration Using 19-G Needle for Sarcoidosis
Authors: Balwan Akshu 
Published: May 2018

Background:
Flexible bronchoscopy with endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS)-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (TBNA) is increasingly being used to obtain pathology specimens for diagnosis of sarcoidosis. There is wide variation in reported diagnostic yield in literature. New TBNA needles are available in the market but data are lacking about their diagnostic yield especially for sarcoidosis. This study reports the diagnostic yield of bronchoscopy with EBUS-TBNA using ViziShot FLEX 19-G needle in a series of patients with suspected sarcoidosis.

Methods:
This is a retrospective chart review for diagnostic yield of the 19-G EBUS-TBNA needle for suspected sarcoidosis.

Results:
Eighty-six EBUS bronchoscopies were performed, 15 were done with clinical suspicion of sarcoidosis. The 19-G needle was used for all cases of suspected sarcoidosis. The procedure was diagnostic of sarcoidosis in 14 (93.3%) patients by TBNA with 1 nondiagnostic bronchoscopy. Procedural diagnostic yield was 93.3%. Eighty-five percent (28/33) of sampled lymph nodes were positive for noncaseating granulomas. The yield of transbronchial lung biopsy (TBLB) and endobronchial lung biopsy was 38% (5/13) and 43% (6/14), respectively. TBLB and endobronchial lung biopsy did not add to the diagnostic yield of the procedure. No significant adverse events were noted.

Conclusion:
This series reports a higher diagnostic yield than most other published studies and opens platform for direct comparison of each available needle. It also adds to the safety data for this larger needle. In addition, it raises doubt into utility of TBLB for diagnosis of sarcoidosis, which can increase the procedural complications.