bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Procoagulant activity of sarcoma sublines with different metastatic potential
Authors: Colucci M , Giavazzi R , Alessandri G , Semeraro N , Mantovani A , Donati MB 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
It has been suggested that cancer cell procoagulant activity influences metastasis formation by promoting fibrin deposition around tumors. We have investigated the procoagulant activity of various tumor cell sublines with different metastatic capacity derived from metastatic nodules of a murine fibrosarcoma. All the cells tested possessed a marked thromboplastin-like activity; they were, however, heterogeneous as regards the degree of procoagulant activity; the two cell lines with virtually no metastatic capacity showed 6--8 times higher procoagulant activity than the cells from the parent line; in contrast, the procoagulant activity of the two sublines with higher metastatic capacity did not differ significantly from that of the parent line. These findings support the hypothesis that fibrin is part of a defence reaction against cancer cell invasiveness.
Stromal colony-stimulating activity production and myeloid colony- forming cells in human hemopoietic and nonhemopoietic bone marrow
Authors: Schwartz RS , Greenberg PL 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
In order to evaluate the role of the stromal bone marrow microenvironment in regulating granulopoiesis, we have examined the capacity of adult human proximal hemopoietic (PH) and distal nonhemopoietic (DNH) long bone to produce colony-stimulating activity (CSA), characterized the cellular sources of CSA, and quantitated the colony-forming cells (CFU-GM) of marrow from these sites. Stromal elements were obtained from slices of cancellous bone. PH bone marrow stroma contained CFU-GM concentrations similar to aspirated PH marrow and significantly more CFU-GM than DNH bone marrow: 20.7 +/- 4.8/10(5) cells and 25.8 +/- 12.0/mg bone versus 0.81 +/- 0.34/10(5) cells and 0.02 +/- 0.01/mg bone (p less than 0.001). Conditioned media prepared from PH and DNH bone were quantitated for CSA by their ability to promote in vitro granulocyte colony formation of nonadherent human marrow cells. Stromal CSA production was destroyed by freeze--thawing and was radioresistant (4400 rad). Of DNH stromal cells, 15%--30% were monocyte-macrophage, but the slow absolute numbers of these cells suggested alternative CSA cellular sources in distal bones. PH stroma produced significantly more CSA than DNH bone stroma: 0.72 +/- 0.10 versus 0.30 +/- 0.06 U/mg bone (p less than 0.01). The CSA concentration gradient between PH and DNH bones may contribute to the regulation of granulopoiesis in marrow and to the absence of hemopoiesis distally.
Effect of ascorbate on abnormal neutrophil, platelet and lymphocytic function in a patient with the Chediak-Higashi syndrome
Authors: Weening RS , Schoorel EP , Roos D , van Schaik ML , Voetman AA , Bot AA , Batenburg- Plenter AM , Willems C , Zeijlemaker WP , Astaldi A 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
A diminished chemotactic response was observed with the neutrophils of a patient with the Chediak-Higashi syndrome, who was not in the accelerated phase of the disease. An abnormally low release of myeloperoxidase from these cells during phagocytosis was also noted; this resulted in a decreased iodination capacity and probably also caused the defect in the intracellular killing of bacteria by the neutrophils. The level of cyclic AMP in these cells was elevated, but decreased after treatment with ascorbate either in vitro or in vivo. During ascorbate therapy, the bactericidal activity of the neutrophils normalized, whereas the chemotactic response remained low. Nevertheless, the patient had significantly less infections during ascorbate therapy. The bleeding tendency, due to a storage-pool disorder of the Chediak-Higashi platelets, was unaffected by treatment with ascorbate. The patient's lymphocytes did not display any activity in antibody-dependent lymphocytotoxicity. This defect was not affected by treatment with ascorbate either.
Relationship of a leukemia-associated antigen to the presence of lymphoblasts in the peripheral blood in children with acute lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Morgan E , Hsu CC 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Peripheral blood samples from 57 children with newly diagnosed E- rosette-negative, surface-immunoglobulin negative acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) were studied for the presence of a leukemia-associated antigen (ALLA). Ficoll-Hypaque separated cells were tested using a rabbit antiserum to human null lymphoblasts and an indirect immunofluorescent assay. The percentage of ALLA-positive cells were compared to the percentage of lymphoblasts determined by differential counts of a Wright-Giemsa-stained smear of a concurrently obtained peripheral blood sample. The mean ratio of percentage of lymphoblasts to percentage of ALLA-positive cells was 0.90. However, in 13 patients, the ratio of percent of ALLA-positive cells to percent of lymphoblasts was equal to or greater than 2:1. In the blood of 6 additional children (5 newly diagnosed, 1 relapsed patient) in whom no morphologically identifiable lymphoblasts were detected. ALLA-positive cells were present (7%-49%). These results indicate that testing for ALLA-positive cells in a sensitive technique for detection of leukemic cells in children with ALLA-positive ALL.
Regeneration of hemopoietic precursor cells in spleen organ cultures from irradiated mice: influence of genotype of cells injected and of the spleen microenvironment
Authors: von Melchner H , Lieschke GJ 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The regeneration of hemopoietic precursor cells (colony-forming cells, CFC) was monitored in spleen organ cultures from lethally irradiated mice injected with 10(7) normal syngeneic or allogeneic bone marrow cells. The important role of the microenvironment in supporting hemopoiesis was confirmed by the failure of mutant S1/S1d spleens to support CFC regeneration in organ cultures. However, the extent and quality of the CFC regeneration was clearly dependent on the genetic properties of the injected cells. Evidence for this was obtained from the regeneration patterns of various CFC types in organ cultured spleens derived from different mouse donor-recipient strain combinations (CBA/CBA, CBA/C57BL, CBA/BALB/c, C57BL/C57BL, C57BL/CBA, C57BL/BALB/c) that maintained the differences in the bone marrow frequency of various CFC types characteristic of the donor strain.
Purification of erythroblastic nests
Authors: Macario AJ , Dugan C , Perez-Lloret IL , Conway de Macario E 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
We describe a method for preparing purified erythroblastic nests in large numbers (approximately 10(6)/run) in three steps: (1) induction of splenic erythropoiesis in mice, (2) preparative differential centrifugation for the removal of erythrocytes and single cells from spleen cell suspensions, and (3) sedimentation in an isokinetic gradient of Ficoll 400 in Joklik's modification of minimum essential medium. Viability of isolated EN is very high, as demonstrated by the trypan blue exclusion and in vitro erythrocyte formation methods.
Rapid destruction of newly synthesized excess beta-globin chains in HbH disease
Authors: Sancar GB , Cedeno MM , Rieder RF 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
A subject with HbG Philadelphia-HbH disease exhibited an unusually high alpha/beta synthesis ratio; when peripheral blood was tested in vitro on several occasions, ratios of 0.63 - 0.89 were obtained after incubations of 30–120 min. HbH amounted to 5%-8% of the circulating hemoglobin. Rapid destruction of excess newly synthesized beta-globin was demonstrated in kinetic and pulse-chase experiments. After 2 min of incubation, the alpha/beta synthesis ratio was 0.48; this figure rose to 0.89 by 30 min. The zero time alpha/beta ratio was estimated to be 0.35. The degradation of beta-chains was calculated to proceed at approximately one-half the rate of beta-globin synthesis; this result was confirmed by the loss of 50% of the specific activity in beta- chains during 9 min of a chase experiment following a 10-min radioactive pulse. The results suggest that efficient proteolysis may be responsible, in some blacks, for the low levels of excess beta- globin chains in HbH disease as well as for the mildness of the clinical disorder.
Terminal differentiation of human promyelocytic leukemic cells in primary culture in response to retinoic acid
Authors: Breitman TR , Collins SJ , Keene BR 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The recent finding that retinoic acid induces terminal granulocytic differentiation of the human promyelocytic leukemia cell line, HL-60, prompted an investigation of the sensitivity to this inducer of human myelocytic leukemia cells in primary suspension culture. Of the 21 leukemic specimens, only cells from the two patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia differentiated in response to retinoic acid. After an incubation period of 5--7 days in 1 microM retinoic acid, the cells from these two patients showed extensive morphological and functional maturation. Thus, because it appears that retinoic acid specifically induces granulocytic differentiation of leukemic promyelocytes, this compound may have therapeutic utility in the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia.
On the preservation of contractile proteins during storage of human platelets
Authors: Lucas RC , Lawrence J , Stracher A 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
A study has been undertaken to determine the rate at which stored platelets lose their ability to respond to stimuli and to establish whether this decrease in function could be ascribed to the storage- induced proteolysis of prominent platelet proteins observed by others. Platelet concentrates were stored at 4 degrees C and 25 degrees C for up to 14 days, and their ability to secrete and aggregate in response to appropriate stimuli was determined at 6, 96, and 192 hr after venipuncture. At each time point the protein complement of the platelets was also monitored by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis to assess the extent of intracellular protein degradation. Platelets from concentrates stored at either temperature exhibited a decreased ability to respond to stimuli as storage time increased. After 8 days of storage at 4 degrees C and up to 9 days at 25 degrees C, no proteolysis of major platelet proteins was observed; however, complete loss of platelet function was observed. This strongly indicates that a decrease in platelet function should not be causally linked to degraded contractile-structural proteins and that extending the functional life of platelets during storage is still an attainable goal since proteolysis is not the inevitable result of short-term storage.
The effect of alpha-thalassemia on the expression of the beta- thalassemia/HPFH heterozygote in a black family
Authors: Beutler E , Turner E , Kuhl W 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
A 2-yr-old black girl presented with a thalassemic clinical picture and was found to have nearly 100% fetal hemoglobin in her red cells. Pedigree analysis indicated that she was a heterozygote for the hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin gene and for a beta O- thalassemia gene. A brother, who also had nearly 100% fetal hemoglobin in his red cells, manifested, in contrast to his sister, no anemia and only minimal splenomegaly. Examination of the family's alpha-globin loci using the restriction endonuclease Eco Rl demonstrated that the brother had a single alpha-locus deletion that he had inherited from his mother. The mild clinical manifestations of this boy are consistent with the often expressed view that excess alpha chains may contribute significantly to the hematologic manifestation of beta-thalassemia.
Recategorizing childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia with monoclonal antibodies to human T cells
Authors: Sondel PM , Borcherding W , Shahidi NT , Ganick DJ , Schultz JC , Hong R 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The lymphoblasts of three patients with childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) were analyzed for their immunologic surface markers. Blasts from two of these patients did not form rosettes with sheep erythrocytes and the third did so marginally, suggesting these patients had non-T-cell leukemia. These blasts were also tested with monoclonal antibodies that detect thymocyte differentiation markers, and all three patients were highly reactive with at least two of these reagents. We anticipate the availability of multiple standardized monoclonal reagents will necessitate a recategorization of ALL phenotypes. Some of these leukemic phenotypes may not correspond to normal stages of lymphoid differentiation. Therefore, we suggest that it may be inappropriate to attempt to identify and categorize leukemic cells by the pathways of normal differentiation.
The factor VIII complex: structure and function
Authors: Hoyer LW 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Normal human plasma contains a complex of two proteins that are important in hemostasis and coagulation. The factor VIII procoagulant protein (antihemophilic factor) and the factor VIII-related protein (von Willebrand factor) are under separate genetic control, have distinct biochemical and immunologic properties, and have unique and essential physiologic functions. While the nature of their interaction and the details of the biochemical structures remain to be determined, the information now available permits a preliminary understanding of the molecular defects in hemophilia and von Willebrand's diseases.
The heritable nature of clonal characteristics in acute myeloblastic leukemia
Authors: McCulloch EA , Buick RN , Curtis JE , Messner HA , Senn JS 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Marked patient-to-patient variation is observed when blood or marrow from AML patients is examined using colony methods in culture. Concentrations of the progenitors of colonies change with time during the course of the disease. We asked whether blast progenitor properties were more stable. We measured blast cell self-renewal and drug sensitivity (adriamycin and cytosine arabinoside) repeatedly in the courses of seven AML patients. These properties were found to be stable or slowly evolving. We conclude that capacity for renewal and sensitivities to certain chemotherapeutic drugs are heritable characteristics in leukemic clones.
Distribution of complement receptor subtypes in non-Hodgkin's lymphomas of B-cell origin
Authors: Cossman J , Jaffe ES 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Surface receptors specific for either the C4b (CR1) or C3d (CR2) component of complement were examined on the neoplastic cells from 30 cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of B-cell origin and on cells derived from 9 normal lymphoid tissues. Lymphocyte suspensions from non- neoplastic peripheral blood, tonsils, and lymph node contained three categories of complement receptor lymphocytes (CRL): cells with receptors for both C4b and C3d (CR1+, CR2+); cells with receptors for C4b but not C3d (CR1+, CR2-), and cells with receptors for C3d but not C4b (CR1-, CR2+). The mean of the proportion of total CRL expressing receptors only of C3d (CR1-, CR2+) was 0.35 for non-neoplastic tissues and 0.28 for malignant lymphomas of follicular center cell (FCC) origin. However, the proportion of cells with this phenotype was significantly higher in well differentiated lymphocytic lymphomas (WDL) and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) (0.65) and in intermediately differentiated lymphocytic lymphomas (IDL) (0.59). Histologic compartmentalization of the CRL subtypes was observed in frozen sections of normal lymphoid tissue. CR1+ cells were present in lymphoid follicles interfollicular areas, and in splenic red pulp. CR2+ cells were confined to lymphoid follicles. These findings strongly suggest that complement receptor phenotypes may be useful markers of B-cell differentiation.
Immunoblastic sarcoma of T-cell versus B-cell origin: I. Clinical features
Authors: Levine AM , Taylor CR , Schneider DR , Koehler SC , Forman SJ , Lichtenstein A , Lukes RJ , Feinstein DI 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Within the Lukes-Collins classification system of malignant lymphoma, a tumor of large transformed lymphocytes, termed immunoblastic sarcoma (IBS), is described. This morphological type would have been included within the “histiocytic” category of Rappaport. Immunoblastic sarcoma may be of B-lymphocytic or T-lymphocytic origin. Since differences or similarities of these two variants have not yet been described, we reviewed the case histories of 35 such patients, all of whom had immunologic marker studies performed. Nineteen patients had T-cell IBS (T-IBS), whereas 16 had B-cell IBS (B-IBS). Median age for both groups was approximately 50 yr. A history of prior immune disorder was found in 31% of B-IBS and 16% of T-IBS cases. Prior lymphoproliferative malignancy was noted in 21% of T-IBS and 13% of B-IBS patients. All T- IBS patients first presented because of lymphadenopathy, whereas 56% of B-IBS cases initially presented because of extranodal disease. Systemic “B” symptoms were common in both. Similarly, most patients had widespread disease (stage III or IV) at diagnosis. Clinically suspected hepatic (p = 0.05) and retroperitoneal node (p = 0.01) involvement were more often found in T-IBS. Forty-one percent of T-IBS patients demonstrated polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia, a finding seen in no B- IBS patient (p = 0.02). Although not statistically significant because of small numbers of patients, data on therapy and survival suggest that IBS of B-cell type may be successfully treated with aggressive, multiagent chemotherapy, while alternative approaches appear warranted in T-cell disease.
Clinical pharmacology of deoxycoformycin
Authors: Major PP , Agarwal RP , Kufe DW 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Deoxycoformycin (DCF) is an inhibitor of adenosine deaminase (ADA). Twenty-one courses of DCF were administered to 13 patients ranging in age from 15 to 78 yr. Eight patients had T-cell disorders, and five patients had non-T-cell malignancies. The i.v. bolus dose was escalated from 5 to 30 mg/sq m/day, and the duration of the courses ranged from 1 to 5 days. The DCF plasma half-life ranged from 4.9 to 6.2 hr and was independent of dose. The dose-limiting toxicities involved the central nervous system (CNS) and the kidneys. Other toxicities included bronchitis, decreases in hematocrit, arthralgias, and myalgias. Mortality was encountered in three patients. These toxic effects may have been secondary to the accumulation of the metabolites adenosine and deoxyadenosine. Deoxyadenosine and adenosine were both detectable in plasma (10(-6) M) and in urine (10(-3) M). Two partial remissions were observed: one in a patient with T-cell ALL and another in a patient with mycosis fungoides. Minimal responses characterized by either declines in peripheral blast counts or partial resolution of adenopathy were observed in five other patients. No responses were observed in six patients. These observations suggest that DCF is effective in the treatment of T-cell lymphoid malignancies.
Biochemical and biophysical characterization of glucocorticoid receptors in normal lymphoid tissue
Authors: McCaffrey R , Lillquist A , Bell R 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
3H-triamcinolone acetonide labeled glucocorticoid receptors in normal lymphoid tissues can be resolved into two component by DEAE chromatography: peak I elutes at 0.04 M salt and peak II is 0.22 M salt. By glycerol gradient centrifugation, peak I is 3.5S and peak II 8.5S. Peak I binds to DNA and chromatin, while peak II binds to neither. After heat activation, peak II alters its coefficient of sedimentation to 3.5S and on DEAE rechromatography changes its elution position to 0.04 M salt (peak I area) and acquires affinity for DNA. Glucocorticoid receptors in lymphoblastic leukemia cells can now be characterized using these techniques and compared to receptors in normal lymphoid cells.
Chromosome studies in adult T-cell leukemia in Japan: significance of trisomy 7
Authors: Ueshima Y , Fukuhara S , Hattori T , Uchiyama T , Takatsuki K , Uchino H 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Chromosomes were studied in cells from 15 japanese patients with adult T-cell leukemia (ATL). Mitoses were obtained from unstimulated peripheral blood in 12 patients and a lymph node in one patient. In two other patients, mitotic cells were obtained solely from peripheral blood stimulated with phytohemagglutinin (PHA). Chromsomally abnormal cells were seen in 14 of the 15 patients. The abnormal cells had a modal number of chromosomes in near diploid range in 12 patients, and in near triploid and tetraploid range in the remaining 2 patients, respectively. Eight of the nine patients analyzed by Q-banding had clonal chromosome abnormalities. The most common abnormality was trisomy no.7 or 7q, which was seen in 5 cases and has been primarily observed in lymphoid neoplasms. A 14q+ marker chromosome was found in two patients and a Dq+ in one patient; loss of a sex chromosome was found in three patients. Most chromosomes were involved in gains, losses, or structural rearrangements, but abnormalities of no. 11, which have been frequently found in lymphoid malignancies, was not observed in our series. The significance of these chromosome abnormalities is discussed.
Cytotoxic chemotherapy for cancer in Felty's syndrome: role of lithium carbonate
Authors: Pazdur R , Rossof AH 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
A 61-yr-old white man with Felty's syndrome, who had previously undergone splenectomy, presented for cytotoxic chemotherapy. Random granulocyte counts remained low, prohibiting the initiation of such treatment. A trial of lithium carbonate was instituted, resulting in prompt elevation of granulocyte counts into the normal range. Cytotoxic chemotherapy was then administered, and fluctuations of neutrophil counts similar to those of hematologically normal individuals were observed.
Granulopoietic effects of human bone marrow fibroblastic cells and abnormalities in the "granulopoietic microenvironment"
Authors: Greenberg BR , Wilson FZD , Woo L 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The in vitro granulopoietic effects of adherent bone marrow fibroblastic cells (FC) were studied in normal humans and in patients with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) and myeloproliferative disorders (MPD). To determine their influence on granulopoiesis, we established FC in liquid-phase cultures, overlaid the adherent FC with normal bone marrow cells in agar, and subsequently measured the growth of CFU-C. When using target marrows containing few spontaneous colonies, increased numbers of CFU-C were found above the FC obtained from normals. No growth greater than controls was observed in those areas lacking FC. If target marrows contained large numbers of spontaneous CFU-C, actual inhibition of colony formation was produced by FC co- incubation. In contrast to normals, FC obtained from untreated AML and MPD patients typically failed to enhance granulopoiesis. Regardless of source, FC were not synergistic with the effects of placenta- conditioned media (typically being inhibitory) for colony number, but were synergistic for colony size. Conditioned media obtained from FC cultures did not enhance colony formation and actually inhibited spontaneous colony formation. Thus, microenvironmental abnormalities in interactions between “stromal cells” and hematopoietic progenitors may be important in the pathogenesis and clinical expression of hematopoietic malignancies in humans.