bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Audit‐based measures of overuse of medical care in Australian hospital practice
Authors: Scott Ian A. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractOveruse of care that does not confer benefit to patients and wastes limited resources is being increasingly recognised as a major healthcare problem. The preferred measure of overuse of a specific intervention is applying an evidence‐ or consensus‐based measure of inappropriateness directly to the medical records of individual patients who have received the intervention. This study aimed to assess the extent of overuse of care in hospital practice in Australia based on peer‐reviewed literature that reported clinical audits using explicit measures of overuse applied to patient‐level clinical data. Thirty‐five studies met selection criteria, 14 relating to investigations, 21 to management strategies. Overuse rates above 30% were reported for coagulation tests, blood cultures, troponin assays, abdominal imaging studies, use of telemetry, blood product infusions, polypharmacy in older patients, prescriptions for various medications (gastric acid suppressants, direct oral anticoagulants, inhaled corticosteroids), admissions for low‐risk chest pain and futile interventions in end of life care. Hospital physicians may need to audit their current high‐volume practices and ensure they align with current criteria of appropriateness.
Balancing product differentiation and cost saving in the presence of consumer deliberation
Authors: Xu He , Zhou Pin 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis paper investigates the manufacturer's optimal product line design under different production strategies when customers with different preference structures (dominating or nondominating) need to incur the deliberation cost to uncover customers' valuations of product quality. We characterize the optimal price, quality, and profit under different production strategies and preference structures. Our results demonstrate that the optimal product line under both production strategies is threshold‐controlled, and there exists a deliberation cost threshold, below which the manufacturer provides efficient quality for high‐valuation customers and distorts the quality of low‐end products, while above such a threshold, the manufacturer increases the quality dispersion between high‐end and low‐end products. We also find that the adoption of commonality will increase the manufacturer's profit only if the cost‐saving effect is relatively significant. Contrary to the existing literature, we finally reveal that commonality can reduce cannibalization in the nondominating preference structure scenario if the deliberation cost is low and the cost‐saving effect is strong or if the deliberation cost is sufficiently high.
Dual‐activator luminescence of LuAG:Mn4+/Tb3+ phosphor for optical thermometry
Authors: Xie Chunyan , Zhao Lu , Jiang Bin , Mao Jiashan , Lin Yan , Wang Peng , Wei Xiantao , Yin Min , Chen Yonghu 
Published: July 2019

AbstractMn4+ and Tb3+ singly doped and Mn4+/Tb3+ codoped lutetium aluminum garnet (Lu3Al5O12, or simply LuAG) phosphors were synthesized and investigated for the application of optical thermometry. X‐ray powder diffraction and luminescence spectroscopy measurements were performed on all samples to analyze their crystal phases and optical properties. In particular, temperature‐dependent luminescence of the LuAG:Mn4+/Tb3+ sample was measured at the temperature range of 270–420 K. The results showed that the luminescence intensity of Mn4+ has gone through a remarkable decline while the luminescence of Tb3+ has an only insignificant change with the rise of temperature which leads to a dramatic decrease in the fluorescence intensity ratio (FIR) between the two activator Mn4+ and Tb3+. Further analysis showed that the LuAG:Mn4+/Tb3+ sample used for temperature sensing has a high relative sensitivity with maximum value of 4.3% K−1 at 333 K. Our research indicated that this LuAG:Mn4+/Tb3+ material is a promising candidate for FIR‐type optical temperature sensing.
Zingerone attenuates aortic banding‐induced cardiac remodelling via activating the eNOS/Nrf2 pathway
Authors: Liu Chen , Wu Qing-Qing , Cai Zhu-Lan , Xie Sai-Yang , Duan Ming-Xia , Xie Qing-Wen , Yuan Yuan , Deng Wei , Tang Qi‐Zhu 
Published: July 2019

AbstractCardiac remodelling refers to a series of changes in the size, shape, wall thickness and tissue structure of the ventricle because of myocardial injury or increased pressure load. Studies have shown that cardiac remodelling plays a significant role in the development of heart failure. Zingerone, a monomer component extracted from ginger, has been proven to possess various properties including antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, anticancer and antidiabetic properties. As oxidative stress and inflammation contribute to acute and chronic myocardial injury, we explored the role of zingerone in cardiac remodelling. Mice were subjected to aortic banding (AB) or sham surgery and then received intragastric administration of zingerone or saline for 25 days. In vitro, neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (NRCMs) were treated with zingerone (50 and 250 μmol/L) when challenged with phenylephrine (PE). We observed that zingerone effectively suppressed cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis, oxidative stress and inflammation. Mechanistically, Zingerone enhanced the nuclear factor (erythroid‐derived 2)‐like 2 (Nrf2)/antioxidant response element (ARE) activation via increasing the phosphorylation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and nitric oxide (NO) production. Additionally, we used Nrf2‐knockout (KO) and eNOS‐KO mice and found that Nrf2 or eNOS deficiency counteracts these cardioprotective effects of zingerone in vivo. Together, we concluded that zingerone may be a potent treatment for cardiac remodelling that suppresses oxidative stress via the eNOS/Nrf2 pathway.
Adjunctive benefit of a xenogenic collagen matrix associated with coronally advanced flap for the treatment of multiple gingival recessions: A superiority, assessor‐blind, randomized clinical trial
Authors: Rotundo Roberto , Genzano Luigi , Patel Divya , D'Aiuto Francesco , Nieri Michele 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAimTo evaluate the superiority of coronally advanced flaps (CAFs) when used in combination with a xenogeneic collagen matrix (CMX) for root coverage of multiple adjacent gingival recessions.Materials and MethodsParticipants with at least 2 upper adjacent teeth exhibiting gingival recession depth ≥2 mm were recruited and randomized to CAF with (test) or without (control) CMX, respectively. Mean and complete root coverage, amount of keratinized tissue (KTw), gingival thickness (GThick) and patient‐reported outcomes (PROMs) were recorded at baseline, 3, 6 and 12 months.ResultsTwenty‐four patients providing 61 gingival recessions were analysed. After 1 year, gingival recession depth decreased from 2.3 ± 0.7 to 0.3 ± 0.4 mm in the CAF + CMX group (2.0 ± 0.8 mm meanRC) and from 2.6 ± 1.0 to 0.6 ± 0.3 mm in the control group (2.0 ± 1.1 mm meanRC). No difference was observed between the two groups (p = 0.2023). Nineteen (63%) of the test and 16 (52%) of control defects showed complete root coverage (p = 0.4919). GThick greatly increased in the test group (0.5 mm; 0.2–0.8 mm, 95% CI; p = 0.0057). No difference between the two groups was observed for KTw (p = 0.5668) and PROMs.ConclusionAt 1 year, CAF + CMX provided similar root coverage to CAF alone, but a significant increase in gingival thickness.
Antimicrobial efficacy of cordless sonic or ultrasonic devices on Enterococcus faecalis‐infected root canals
Authors: Pedullà Eugenio , Genovese Carlo , Messina Riccardo , La Rosa Giusy R. M. , Corsentino Giacomo , Rapisarda Silvia , Arias‐Moliz Maria T. , Tempera Gianna , Grandini Simone 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAimThe aim of the present study was to evaluate the immediate and residual antimicrobial activity of cordless sonic or ultrasonic devices on Enterococcus faecalis (E faecalis)‐infected teeth.MethodsA total of 140 single‐rooted extracted teeth with E faecalis were grouped as follows (N = 15): conventional syringe irrigation with 3% sodium hypochlorite activated by ultrasonic device (group 1) or cordless ultrasonic device (group 2), EndoActivator (group 3) or without activation (group 4), conventional syringe irrigation with sterile bi‐distilled water and ultrasonic device (group 5), EndoUltra (group 6), EndoActivator (group 7), or without activation (group 8). The remaining 20 teeth were used for positive and negative controls. Colony‐forming units (CFU) and turbidity were recorded from bacteriological samples taken before and after irrigation and after 24 hours of re‐incubation. Data were statistically analyzed using Student's t test, Mann‐Whitney test, Kruskal‐Wallis test, and Dunn's multiple comparison tests (P < .05).ResultsGroups 1 and 2 showed higher antimicrobial efficacy than groups 3 and 4 (P < .05). No bacteria reduction was found in groups 5‐8 (P > .05). After 24 hours, regrowth of bacteria was not significantly different for all groups (P > .05).ConclusionsUltrasound produced lower CFU and turbidity after treatment and after re‐incubation of 24 hours than sonic or no activation.
Cross‐cultural adaptation of the Chronic Illness Resources Survey in Japanese patients with diabetes
Authors: Sato Miho , Miyoshi Hideaki , Nakamura Akinobu , Sumi Naomi , Kamoshima Hikaru , Ono Yuri 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAimThe Chronic Illness Resources Survey (CIRS) is a tool for assessing multiple levels of resources for self‐management in people with chronic illnesses. This study aimed to examine the reliability and validity of the Japanese version of the CIRS (CIRS‐J) among patients with diabetes.MethodsThis study included 102 Japanese patients with diabetes. Patients completed the CIRS‐J on two occasions with additional measurements, including the multidimensional scale of perceived social support (MSPSS), the summary of diabetes self‐care activities (SDSCA), and the perceived health competence scale (PHCS). The construct validity, internal consistency reliability, and test–retest reliability were evaluated.ResultsFactor analysis resulted in six factors. The Cronbach's α coefficient was 0.82, indicating a high internal consistency. The intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.87, indicating that the CIRS‐J is stable over time. The CIRS‐J showed a positive moderate association with MSPSS, SDSCA, and PHCS, with a correlation coefficient value ranging from .34 to .44.ConclusionThis study showed preliminary support for the reliability and validity of the CIRS‐J. The availability of this instrument will help identify the spectrum of resources available for Japanese people with diabetes in both research and practical settings.
Disability, emotional distress and well‐being among patients with lumbar spondylolisthesis
Authors: Hsu Hui‐Chen , Chang Chih‐Ju , Tung Heng‐Hsin , Wang Tsae‐Jyy 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAim and objectiveTo explore the disability, emotional distress and well‐being of patients with lumbar spondylolisthesis.BackgroundFew studies have investigated the correlations between disability, emotional distress and well‐being of patients with lumbar spondylolisthesis.DesignThis study used a cross‐sectional research design.MethodsParticipants were 133 patients aged over 50 years who were experiencing lumbar spondylolisthesis. The research instruments included a demographic information questionnaire; the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS); the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI); the Chinese versions of the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), State‐Trait Anxiety Inventory‐State (STAI‐S) and Center for Epidemiological Study‐Depression (CES‐D); and the Psychological Well‐being (PWB) Scale. Emotional distress was measured by the STAI‐S and CES‐D. Pearson's correlations coefficient, multiple linear regression and a mediating effect model were introduced to explore correlations between the variables and predictors of psychological well‐being, and details of the methods are reported in coherence to STROBE criteria.ResultsEighty‐six participants (64.6%) had moderate and severe anxiety, and 42 (31.6%) experienced depression. Participants reported medium to high levels of well‐being; “satisfaction with interpersonal relationships” was rated the highest and “physical and mental health” the lowest. Disability, depression and anxiety had significant negative correlations with well‐being. Depression and anxiety mediated the relationship between disability and well‐being. Moreover, depression, family support, educational background and anxiety were predictors of well‐being, accounting for 39.1% of the total variance.ConclusionsDisability and emotional distress among patients with lumbar spondylolisthesis had a negative impact on well‐being. Anxiety and depression were closely correlated with and substantially influenced well‐being.Relevance to clinical practiceHealth professionals will enhance the understanding of important factors influencing well‐being among patients with lumbar spondylolisthesis. This study suggests the conduct of depression and anxiety evaluations at outpatient clinics and prior to surgery, so that clinicians will be aware of the emotional distress status of patients with lumbar spondylolisthesis and, therefore, enhance their well‐being.
Effect of tablets containing lactoferrin and lactoperoxidase on gingival health in adults: A randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled clinical trial
Authors: Nakano Manabu , Yoshida Akihiro , Wakabayashi Hiroyuki , Tanaka Miyuki , Yamauchi Koji , Abe Fumiaki , Masuda Yuji 
Published: July 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of tablets containing lactoferrin (LF) and lactoperoxidase (LPO) on gingival health and oral health‐related quality of life in healthy adults.BackgroundLactoferrin and LPO are host defense factors found in saliva that may contribute to oral health.Materials and MethodsOne hundred and fifty adults were randomly assigned to the administration of high‐dose tablets (LF 60 mg/d, LPO 7.8 mg/d), low‐dose tablets (LF 20 mg/d, LPO 2.6 mg/d), or placebo tablets for 12 weeks. The gingival index (GI) and plaque index (PlI) were measured at baseline and after 12 weeks. Oral health‐related quality of life was assessed by the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP) at baseline and at 4, 8, and 12 weeks.ResultsOne hundred and nine healthy subjects were included in the efficacy analysis. In the high‐dose group, the GI was significantly reduced after 12 weeks of treatment, and the reduction in GI in the high‐dose group was significant compared with the placebo group. In both the high‐dose group and the low‐dose group, PlI showed a significant decrease at 12 weeks compared with baseline. The total OHIP score was significantly reduced at 12 weeks in the high‐dose group. In addition, the OHIP functional limitation subscale displayed significant improvement in the high‐dose groups compared with the placebo group at 12 weeks. No adverse reactions or serious adverse events related to the test tablets were observed in any of participants during the study, and the incidence of adverse events unrelated to the tablets did not differ significantly among the groups.ConclusionThese results suggest that intake of tablets containing LF (60 mg/d) and LPO (7.8 mg/d) can potentially improve gingival inflammation and oral health‐related quality of life in healthy adults.
Association of P2RX7 functional variants with localized aggressive periodontitis
Authors: Harris Theodore H. , Wallace Margaret R. , Huang Hong , Li Hua , Mohiuddeen Azeem , Gong Yan , Kompotiati Theodora , Harrison Peter , Aukhil Ikramuddin , Shaddox Luciana M. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to investigate involvement of the P2X7 receptor in the rare condition, localized aggressive periodontitis.Material and methodsPeripheral blood from 220 African Americans (103 with localized aggressive periodontitis and 117 healthy unrelated controls) was stimulated with lipopolysaccharide from E coli and Porphyromonas gingivalis. P2RX7 single nucleotide polymorphisms rs208294 (H155Y), rs1718119 (T348A), rs2230911 (T357S) and rs3751143 (E496A) were genotyped in 103 localized aggressive periodontitis patients and 117 healthy unrelated subjects. We examined genetic association between four P2RX7 single nucleotide polymorphisms and localized aggressive periodontitis, and tested for correlations between the single nucleotide polymorphisms and inflammatory response to lipopolysaccharide in blood samples from these patients.ResultsA significant association with localized aggressive periodontitis was observed with rs1718119 A (Thr) allele (P = 0.0063, odds ratio = 1.904) and with a haplotype containing this allele (P = 0.0075). Additionally, significant correlations with these data were found: the rs1718119 G allele correlated with greater production of IL‐6, IL‐2 and GM‐CSF; the C (His) allele of rs208294 correlated with lower levels of IL‐12p40; and the C (Thr) allele of rs2230911 correlated with greater levels of G‐CSF.ConclusionThe data from these analyses support a possible biological relationship between P2RX7 genetic variants and inflammatory response in localized aggressive periodontitis patients.
Optimization of textural and technological parameters using response surface methodology for the development of beef products for older consumers
Authors: Botinestean Cristina , Hossain Mohammad , Mullen Anne M. , Auty Mark A. E. , Kerry Joseph P. , Hamill Ruth M. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractRed meat has a tougher texture compared with many other food products, therefore consumption is often reduced among older adults. Acidic treatments had a positive effect on WBSF values (reduced the WBSF values from 23.35 N for control to 14.83 N), and texture parameters and a combination with apple fiber and rice starch may improve the health profile of a meat product with benefits for consumers, particularly for older population. A novel meat product with a softer texture (apple fiber 0.15%, rice starch 0.30% and citric acid 0.16 M) was optimized and successfully validated in this study. The results obtained for the objective measurements of tenderness were confirmed by consumers' tenderness results (p < .05) moreover texture‐optimized beef samples were found to be more acceptable by older consumers compared with control. Meat processors have an important role in increasing the availability of suitable meat products for older consumers, by developing products that will meet their nutritional and textural needs. In this study, a novel meat product with a softer texture was developed, successfully validated and the product was found to be acceptable by older consumers. Meat processors could consider using rice starch, apple fiber, and citric acid as feasible alternative to traditional ingredients used for beef injection, in order to obtain a softer product, that appeal to older consumers with difficulties in mastication.
Evaluation of hand‐held sodium, potassium, calcium, and electrical conductivity meters for diagnosing subclinical mastitis and intramammary infection in dairy cattle
Authors: Kandeel Sahar A. , Megahed Ameer A. , Constable Peter D. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundSubclinical mastitis (SCM) and intramammary infection (IMI) increase the sodium (Na) concentration and electrical conductivity (EC) and decrease the potassium (K) and calcium (Ca) concentrations in glandular secretions of lactating dairy cattle.HypothesisLow‐cost portable Na, K, Ca, and EC meters are clinically useful cow‐side tests for diagnosing SCM and IMI.AnimalsOne hundred fifteen dairy cows at dry off and 92 cows within 4‐7 days postcalving.MethodsQuarter foremilk samples were obtained and the somatic cell count (SCC) was measured using a DeLaval cell counter with SCM defined as SCC ≥ 200 000 cells/mL. Microbiological culture of foremilk samples was used to diagnose IMI. Cisternal milk Na, K, and Ca concentrations and EC were measured using portable ion‐selective meters. Logistic regression was used to determine the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and the optimal cut point was determined using Youden's index. Diagnostic test performance was evaluated by comparing the AUC and calculating the sensitivity, specificity, and positive likelihood ratio (+LR) at the optimal cut point for SCM and IMI.ResultsDiagnostic test performance was much better when the meters were used to diagnose SCM as compared to IMI. Cisternal milk Na concentration provided the most accurate method for identifying quarters with SCM or IMI. However, AUC was <0.90 and +LR was <10 for all diagnostic test evaluations.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceCisternal milk Na, K, and Ca concentrations and EC were not sufficiently predictive of SCM or IMI to be recommended as clinically useful diagnostic tests.
Evaluation of the effect of a famotidine continuous rate infusion on intragastric pH in healthy dogs
Authors: Hedges Katherine , Odunayo Adesola , Price Josh M. , Hecht Silke , Tolbert M. Katherine 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundFamotidine is sometimes administered as a continuous rate infusion (CRI) to treat gastrointestinal ulceration in critically ill dogs. However, clinical studies have not evaluated the efficacy of a famotidine CRI in dogs.Hypothesis/ObjectivesTo evaluate the efficacy of famotidine at raising intragastric pH when it is administered as a CRI in dogs. We hypothesized that CRI treatment with famotidine would meet clinical goals for raising intragastric pH ≥3 and 4.AnimalsNine healthy Beagle dogs.MethodsRandomized 2‐way crossover. All dogs received 1.0 mg/kg IV q12h famotidine or CRI famotidine at 1.0 mg/kg IV loading dose and 8.0 mg/kg/d for 3 consecutive days. Beginning on day 0 of treatment, intragastric pH monitoring was used to continuously record intragastric pH. Mean percentage times (MPTs) for which intragastric pH was ≥3 and ≥4 were compared between groups using analysis of variance.ResultsThere was a statistically significant difference (P < .05) in MPT ≥3 and ≥4 between the CRI and IV q12h groups on all treatment days. On days 1, 2, and 3, the MPTs ± SD for which pH was ≥3 were 92.1 ± 8.5, 96.3 ± 6.2, and 90.0 ± 15.7 for the CRI treatment group and 49.3 ± 27.3, 42.2 ± 19.6, and 45.8 ± 10.1, respectively, for the twice‐daily group.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceThese results suggest that a famotidine CRI, but not standard doses of famotidine, achieves the clinical goals established in people to promote healing of gastric tissue injury and offers an alternative to intravenous treatment with proton pump inhibitors in dogs.