bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pneumothorax—Time for New Guidelines?
Authors: Hallifax Rob , Janssen Julius P. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractPneumothorax is a common pathology, but optimal management strategies are not yet defined. There are significant differences in international guidelines and therefore variation in clinical practice.There is increasing interest in pneumothorax research, particularly primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP), with evidence of lung abnormalities in this group without clinically apparent lung disease and recently completed clinical trials aiming to optimize management. The most robust evidence base is that of the equivalence of needle aspiration and chest tube insertion for initial management of PSP; although, patients with secondary spontaneous pneumothorax may also benefit. A convincing case for surgical intervention or thoracoscopy and talc poudrage to prevent recurrence at first episode in PSP has yet to be made. Clinicians should be vigilant for PSP being the first manifestation of a systemic disease, and should have a low threshold for onward referral.
Time to change guidelines? First, chest tube drainage and hospitalization without recurrence prevention should no longer be standard treatment, as this has no advantage over the less invasive manual aspiration, which moreover can be performed on an outpatient basis in an important number of patients. The results of recent trials in conservative and ambulatory management are eagerly awaited. Second, shared decision-making should become more important with the well-informed patient, who may want to avoid a 1 in 3 recurrence rate and therefore will have the possibility to choose treatment including recurrence prevention even after the first episode of PSP. Third, surgical research should urgently make clear if the current practice of resection of emphysema-like changes is routinely necessary, alongside pleurodesis. Future studies should utilize risk stratification by clinical and radiological parameters (e.g., high-resolution computed tomography scanning and digital air leak monitoring) to predict short- and long-term outcomes, and hence personalize management.
Objective Assessment of Microsurgery Competency—In Search of a Validated Tool
Authors: Rajan Sheeja , Sathyan Ranjith , Sreelesh L. S. , Kallerey Anu Anto , Antharjanam Aarathy , Sumitha Raj , Sundar Jinchu , John Ronnie Johnson , Soumya S. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractMicrosurgical skill acquisition is an integral component of training in plastic surgery. Current microsurgical training is based on the subjective Halstedian model. An ideal microsurgery assessment tool should be able to deconstruct all the subskills of microsurgery and assess them objectively and reliably. For our study, to analyze the feasibility, reliability, and validity of microsurgery skill assessment, a video-based objective structured assessment of technical skill tool was chosen. Two blinded experts evaluated 40 videos of six residents performing microsurgical anastomosis for arteriovenous fistula surgery. The generic Reznick's global rating score (GRS) and University of Western Ontario microsurgical skills acquisition/assessment (UWOMSA) instrument were used as checklists. Correlation coefficients of 0.75 to 0.80 (UWOMSA) and 0.71 to 0.77 (GRS) for interrater and intrarater reliability showed that the assessment tools were reliable. Convergent validity of the UWOMSA tool with the prevalidated GRS tool showed good agreement. The mean improvement of scores with years of residency was measured with analysis of variance. Both UWOMSA (p-value: 0.034) and GRS (p-value: 0.037) demonstrated significant improvement in scores from postgraduate year 1 (PGY1) to PGY2 and a less marked improvement from PGY2 to PGY3. We conclude that objective assessment of microsurgical skills in an actual clinical setting is feasible. Tools like UWOMSA are valid and reliable for microsurgery assessment and provide feedback to chart progression of learning. Acceptance and validation of such objective assessments will help to improve training and bring uniformity to microsurgery education.
Narcotic-Free Perioperative Total Knee Arthroplasty: Does the Periarticular Injection Medication Make a Difference?
Authors: Schneider J. , Broome B. , Keeley D. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractMultimodal pain management strategies are critical in total knee arthroplasty (TKA). There has recently been a shift toward opioid sparing protocols, yet most publications continue to use narcotics in the perioperative period. Periarticular injections are a popular adjunct but studies regarding the optimal medications have high variability making it difficult to choose the optimal medication. The purpose of this study is to validate a perioperative, opioid-free protocol and compare two different periarticular injections without the variability in previous reports. A multimodal pain protocol was instituted that administered no narcotic medications in the perioperative period. Over 2 years, primary TKA patients were informally randomized to receive liposomal bupivacaine (LB), or a cocktail of medications (CO). A total of 189 patients were included: 101 patients in group LB and 88 patients in group CO. Postoperative opioid consumption, length of stay, and inpatient distance ambulated were compared across the two injection groups. In morphine milligram equivalents, group LB consumed a mean of 20.36 mg of oxycodone versus 23.18 mg in group CO (p = 0.543). For tramadol, group LB consumed 27.24 mg versus 28.69 mg in group CO (p = 0.714). Mean hospital stay was 1.70 days for group LB and 1.72 days for group CO (p = 0.811). Distance ambulated was 528.4ft for group LB and 499.8ft for group CO (p = 0.477). In the LB group, 50% of patients required no oxycodone, and 12% of them took neither oxycodone nor tramadol for pain. In the CO group, 40% declined oxycodone and 10% declined both oxycodone and tramadol. We successfully treated all patients without narcotic medications in the perioperative period. Although we saw trends for improvements in group LB, these were small and not clinically meaningful. It appears that both injections were effective. There is a significant cost difference and medications should be chosen based on surgeon preference and institutional needs.
Clinical Characteristics, Acute Complications, and Neurologic Outcomes of Salmonella Meningitis in Saudi Infants and Children
Authors: Alsubaie Sarah , Alrabiaah Abdulkarim 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Objective This study aimed to clarify the clinical presentations, acute complications, and long-term sequelae of Salmonella meningitis in Saudi infants and children.
Methods This retrospective study, conducted from 1999 to 2016, evaluated the neurological complications and long-term outcomes of children 14 years of age and younger diagnosed with Salmonella meningitis at King Khalid University Hospital. All affected children had 3 years of follow-up to assess neurologic complications and mortality.
Results Invasive Salmonella infection occurred in 141 patients. Of those, 14 (10%) had meningitis. The median age of onset of infection was 4.7 months. The most frequent symptoms at presentation included fever (100%), seizures (71%), diarrhea, and vomiting (43%). Nontyphoidal Salmonella species were isolated in all (but one) cerebrospinal fluid samples. Relapse occurred in four patients owing to inadequate antibiotic duration, although the organisms were susceptible to ceftriaxone. The majority of patients (86%) developed acute neurologic complications, including subdural empyema and multiple cerebral infarcts (57%), hydrocephalus (36%), ventriculitis (29%), and cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (21%). Four patients (28.5%) died due to Salmonella meningitis complications. Four patients survived with full recovery. Six patients (60%) had long-term neurologic complications. Hydrocephalus, cerebral palsy, developmental delay, and epilepsy occurred in five, four, three, and three patients, respectively.
Conclusion Salmonella meningitis results in significant mortality and adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes. The probability of relapse after an apparent recovery should be considered. Consensus on antibiotic treatment for Salmonella meningitis is needed.
A2DS2 Score to Predict the Risk of Stroke-Associated Pneumonia in Acute Stroke: An Indian Perspective
Authors: Vyas Limesh , Kulshreshtha Dinkar , Maurya Pradeep , Singh Ajai , Qavi Abdul , Thacker Anup 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background Stroke-associated pneumonia (SAP) is an important cause of poststroke morbidity and mortality. Several clinical risk scores predict the risk of SAP. In this study, we used the A2DS2 score (age, atrial fibrillation, dysphagia, sex, and stroke severity) to assess the risk of SAP in patients admitted with acute stroke.
Methods A high (5–10) and a low (0–4) A2DS2 score was assigned to patients with acute stroke admitted to the neurology ward. Univariate binary logistic regression analysis was performed to find the strength of association of SAP and A2DS2 score.
Results There were 250 patients with acute stroke of which 46 developed SAP. Forty-four patients developed SAP in high score as against 2 in low-score group (odds ratio [OR] = 0.03, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.01–0.15, p = 0.0001). A2DS2 score >5 had sensitivity of 82.6% and specificity of 65.1% to predict SAP. The mean A2DS2 score in patients with pneumonia was 7.02 ± 1.40 compared to 4.75 ± 1.92 in patients without pneumonia (p = 0.0001).
Conclusions A2DS2 score has a high sensitivity of 82% in predicting the risk of SAP and is a useful tool to monitor patients after acute stroke. A2DS2 score can help in timely detection and prevention of SAP and reduction in caregiver’s burden.
Cross-language effects of phonological and orthographic similarity in cognate word recognition
Authors: Carrasco-Ortiz Haydee , Amengual Mark , Gries Stefan Th. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
This study investigated the extent to which phonological and orthographic overlap between the two languages of
bilinguals predicts word processing abilities in their dominant and non-dominant languages. Forty-four English-dominant L1
English-L2 Spanish speakers and Spanish-dominant Spanish heritage speakers performed a lexical decision task while reading words
in English and Spanish. We calculated orthographic and phonological similarity of cognate and noncognate words using the
Levenshtein distance measure. Results showed that both bilingual groups benefited from orthographic similarity when reading
Spanish and English words, whereas a facilitative effect was restricted to Spanish words that shared phonology across languages.
These findings suggest a different contribution of phonological and orthographic similarity in bilingual word recognition,
independently of language dominance.
GULFMET M.M-S1: Comparison of mass standards in multiples and sub-multiples of the kilogram
Authors: Kaçmaz Sevda , Al-Azemi Amal , Mitsas Christos , Almusawi Kazim , Alyousefi Rayan , Jattal Nasser , Sultan Nabeel Jawad 
Published: September 2019

In order to show metrological equivalence in mass standards calibration among National Metrology Institutes (NMIs) of member countries of the "Gulf Association for Metrology" (GULFMET), the first organized supplementary comparison (SC) of mass standards have been carried out under the auspices of the GULFMET. This supplementary comparison of 10 kg, 500 g, 20 g, 2 g and 100 mg stainless steel mass standards was based on the decision of the GULFMET meeting held in 2013. TÜBİTAK-UME (Turkey) acted as pilot laboratory. In this region only two NMIs have the CIPM-MRA signature. These NMIs are SASO-NMCC (Saudi Arabia) and EMI (Abu Dhabi). Therefore, the reference values were calculated with the weighted mean method using these two participating laboratories. Concerning the weight of 100 mg, the weight has not been evaluated in this comparison because the travelling standard was mixed-up at some point during the artefact circulation. The results of EMI and SASO-NMCC are consistent with the reference values within their expanded uncertainties with the coverage factor, k = 2.
KEY WORDS FOR SEARCH
reference value, travelling standard, weighted mean method and metrological equivalence

Main text

To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database kcdb.bipm.org/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
APMP Key Comparison of Gauge Pressure from 0.4 MPa to 4 MPa
Authors: Choi In-Mook , Woo Sam-Yong , Jin Yue , Li Yanhua 
Published: September 2019

This report describes the results of a key comparison of pneumatic pressure standards between korea research institute of standards and science (KRISS) and national institute of metrology, china (NIM) in order to determine their degrees of equivalence at pressures in the range 0.4 mpa to 4 mpa in gauge pressure. This bilateral comparison was carried out from aug. 2012 to nov. 2012 within the framework of the asia pacific metrology programme (APMP). The pilot laboratory was kriss. The degrees of equivalence in this comparison were transferred to the corresponding cc key comparison, ccm.p-k1.c through the results of apmp.m.p-k1.c, in which kriss participated.
Both of the participating institutes used pneumatic pressure balances as their pressure standards. The same piston-cylinder assembly (PCA) as one used for both pressure standards was used as a transfer standard (TS). The TS was calibrated at kriss before and after the measurement at nim. The difference was used for the characterization of TS.
This reports shows that NIM results are equivalent to the CCM key comparison results within the claimed uncertainty.
KEY WORDS FOR SEARCH
PRESSURE, GAUGE PRESSURE, KEY COMPARISON, PRESSURE BALANCE, PISTON-CYLINDER ASSEMBLY

Main text

To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database kcdb.bipm.org/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Thermodynamics Properties of Confined Particles on Noncommutative Plane
Authors: Houça Rachid , Jellal Ahmed 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
We consider a system of N particles living on the noncommutative plane in the presence of a confining potential and study its thermodynamics properties. Indeed, after calculating the partition function, we determine the corresponding internal energy and heat capacity where different corrections are obtained. In analogy with the magnetic field case, we define an effective magnetization and study its susceptibility in terms of the noncommutative parameter θ. By introducing the chemical potential, we investigate the Bose-Einstein condensation for the present system. Different limiting cases related to the temperature and θ will be analyzed as well as some numerical illustration will be presented.
Dynamical Analysis and Exact Solutions of a New (2+1)-Dimensional Generalized Boussinesq Model Equation for Nonlinear Rossby Waves*
Authors: Liu Quan-Sheng , Zhang Zai-Yun , Zhang Rui-Gang , Huang Chuang-Xia 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
In this paper, we study the higher dimensional nonlinear Rossby waves under the generalized beta effect. Using methods of the multiple scales and weak nonlinear perturbation expansions [Q. S. Liu, et al., Phys. Lett. A 383 (2019) 514], we derive a new (2+1)-dimensional generalized Boussinesq equation from the barotropic potential vorticity equation. Based on bifurcation theory of planar dynamical systems and the qualitative theory of ordinary differential equations, the dynamical analysis and exact traveling wave solutions of the new generalized Boussinesq equation are obtained. Moreover, we provide the numerical simulations of these exact solutions under some conditions of all parameters. The numerical results show that these traveling wave solutions are all the Rossby solitary waves.
DKP Equation with Energy Dependent Potentials
Authors: Langueur O. , Merad M. , Hamil B. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
In this work, we study the DKP equation subjected to the action of combined vector plus scalar energy depend on potentials in (1+1) dimensions space-time. The conditions of normalisation and continuity equation are calculated. The eigenfunctions and the corresponding eigenvalues are then determined. A numerical study is presented and the energy graphs for some values of the energy parameter are plotted.
Coherence of Superposition States*
Authors: Yuwen Shan-Shan , Shao Lian-He , Xi Zheng-Jun 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
We find tight upper bound on the coherence of a superposition of two states in terms of the coherence of the two states constituting the superposition with l
1-norm of coherence. Our upper bound is tighter than the one presented by Liu, et al. [Quantum Inf. Process. 15 (2016) 4209.] We also generalize the results to the case that the superposition is constituted with more than two states in high dimension, and we give the corresponding upper bounds.
Exact Solution for Non-Markovian Master Equation Using Hyper-operator Approach
Authors: Fu Hong-Chen , Gong Zhi-Rui 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Non-Markovian master equation of Harmonic oscillator and two-level systems are investigated using the hyper-operator approach. Exact solution of time evolution operator of Harmonic oscillator is obtained exactly. For two-level system the time evolution operator is exactly found and coefficients satisfy ordinary differential equation.
A Statistical Mechanical Analysis on the Bound State Solution of an Energy-Dependent Deformed Hulthén Potential Energy*
Authors: Lütfüoğlu B. C. , Ikot A. N. , Okorie U. S. , Ngiangia A. T. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
In this article, we investigate the bound state solution of the Klein Gordon equation under mixed vector and scalar coupling of an energy-dependent deformed Hulthén potential in D dimensions. We obtain a transcendental equation after we impose the boundary conditions. We calculate energy spectra in four different limits and in arbitrary dimension via the Newton-Raphson method. Then, we use a statistical method, namely canonical partition function, and discuss the thermodynamic properties of the system in a comprehensive way. We find out that some of the thermodynamic properties overlap with each other, some of them do not.
Effective Correlation of Two Holes in a Semimagnetic Quantum Well Wire: Influence of Shape of Confining Potential on Coulomb Interaction*
Authors: Kalpana P. , Jayakumar K. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The hole-hole interaction

(

E

hh

)

has been considered in a

CdTe

/

Cd

1
−
x

Mn
x
Te

Semimagnetic Quantum Well Wire (SQWW). The influence of the shape of the confining potential like square well and parabolic well type on the binding energy of an acceptor impurity with two holes and their Coulomb interaction between them has been studied for various impurity locations. Magnetic field has been used as a probe to understand the carrier-carrier correlation in such Quasi 1-Dimensional QWW since it alters the strength of the confining potential tremendously. In order to show the significance of the correlation between the two holes, the calculations have been done with and without including the correlation effect in the ground state wavefunction of the hyderogenic acceptor impurity and the results have been compared. The expectation value of the Hamiltonian,

H

, is minimized variationaly in the effective mass approximation through which

(

E

hh

)

has been obtained.
Increased Cellulose Levels in Organosolv Pretreatment Process in Bioethanol Production
Authors: Saisa  , Kasturi  , Husin Husni , Mahidin  
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Bioethanol is one type of biofuel that is present as an alternative fuel that is more environmentally friendly and produced from starch-containing foods such as oil palm fronds (PKS). Some methods of processing lignocellulose materials for the manufacture of bioethanol such as organosolv pretreatment which is a key process and determine the next stage, namely hydrolysis, and fermentation in the manufacture of bioethanol. The aim of the study was to extract lignin and improve the accessibility of cellulose. The research method in this study was influenced by variables used, namely operating time (60; 120; 180 minutes), ethanol concentration (35; 55; 75% v/v), operating temperature (100; 120; 150°C), size of coconut midrib 250 mesh palm oil and 1% sulfuric acid concentration (as a catalyst). Research shows that, successfully reducing lignin levels by 3.4% and increasing cellulose levels by 15.11%. Before the treatment of organosolv pretreatment on oil palm fronds, the composition of lignin was 19.8% and 34.3% cellulose content. After treatment of organosolv pretreatment in oil palm fronds, lignin levels became 16.4% and 49.14% cellulose levels. The optimum value is found at 75% ethanol concentration with an operating time of 180 minutes.
Antioxidant Activity From SyzygiumCumini (L.) Skeels
Authors: Muttakin  , Zulfajri Muhammad , Mariati  
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Jamblang (Syzygiumcumini (L.) skeels) is a local Indonesian plant that has many benefits but is not cultivated and utilized. The part of jamlang which has a lot of benefits is jamblang fruit peel. Some of the compounds contained in the jamblang fruit peel include high antioxidants. This study was conducted to determine the antioxidant activity of jamblang (Syzygiumcumini (L.) skeels) rind. Extraction was carried out using maceration method with 96% ethanol solvent, and separated by extract with solvent using a rotary evaporator. Extracts obtained were tested for secondary metabolites and flavonoid positive. Quantitative antioxidant activity testing was measured using a UV-VIS spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 516 nm with standard IC50 and vitamin C values used as a comparison. The results of measurements using UV-VIS spectrophotometer obtained IC50 values of jamblang rind extract and vitamin C were 4.33 ppm and 7.53 ppm respectively. Based on the IC50 value, it can be concluded that there is a very strong antioxidant activity in the jamblang fruit peel.
Vertices Coloring Technique Using Graph Methods For Determining Minimal Map Colors
Authors: Azizah Nuril Lutvi , Ariyanti Novia 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Coloring vertices is to give color the vertices of a graph so that no two neighboring nodes are of the same colors. The minimal number of colors used to color vertices is called the graph chromatic number. The problem of coloring vertices in this study is applied on the map of the district of Sidoarjo. It is also to determine the minimal colors on the Sidoarjo region map so that the boundary between the sub-districts in Sidoarjo becomes clearer with minimal colors. In this research, First Graph is assumed to be a complete graph and Second Graph is the path, while nodes or vertices are the sub-districts and the edge of the sub-district is assumed to be neighboring sub-districts between the districts with each other. The result of the analysis shows that the join of two graphs produces a wheel graph, which has a maximum chromatic number of 4 pieces of color for the odd result and 3 pieces of color for even result. Thus, the map of the original Sidoarjo region has more than 9 colors can be given the minimum color of 4 colors can be distinguished between the district one with other district.