bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Registered Nurses' Experiences of Passing the NCLEX-RN After More Than One Attempt
Authors: Kasprovich Tammy , VandeVusse Leona 
Published: October 2018

Background:
In the past decade, little research has been conducted regarding individuals' stories about not initially being successful on the National Council Licensure Examination for Registered Nurses. An unsuccessful licensure examination attempt may affect the individual personally and profoundly in ways that could influence their future success.

Method:
Individual in-depth interviews were conducted once with 15 RNs who were initially unsuccessful on the licensure examination and subsequently passed. Data analyses were conducted using both manual and electronic coding through thematic identification. Rigor was ensured by meeting quality criteria for qualitative research.

Results:
Four themes were identified: (a) Pressures all Around, (b) the Stigma of Being Unsuccessful, (c) Correcting the Problems, and (d) Ultimate Triumph in Discovery.

Conclusion:

Following their initial unsuccessful National Council Licen-sure Examination for Registered Nurses results, participants were deeply affected, but after accepting help from family, friends, nursing instructors, and managers, they were able to move forward, change their approaches, and become RNs. [
J Nurs Educ.
2018;57(10):590–597.]
Academic–Practice Partnership: Benefits and Sustainability of the Northeast Region VA Nursing Alliance
Authors: Glynn Donna M. , Wendt Judith , McVey Cecilia , Vessey Judith A. 
Published: October 2018

Background:
The Northeast Region VA Nursing Alliance is an academic–practice partnership founded in 2007 between the Veteran's Administration (VA) Boston/Bedford HealthCare Systems and six schools of nursing.

Method:
The purpose of this retrospective review was to examine the outcomes of the Northeast Region VA Nursing Alliance in accordance with the mission, goals, and sustainability of the alliance.

Results:
The review confirmed that the alliance has successfully accomplished the mission and goals and continues to be a leader in academic–practice partnerships.

Conclusion:

Since inception, the academic–practice partnership has increased the number of clinical rotations and clinical faculty, educated nursing students on the care of Veterans, developed dedicated educational nursing units, increased Veteran-centered research, and provided a plethora of educational programs to increase knowledge related to Veteran health care issues. [
J Nurs Educ.
2018;57(10):620–623.]
Estimation of corrosive and scaling trend in drinking water systems in the city of Azogues, Ecuador
Authors: García-Ávila Fernando , Ramos-Fernández Lía , Zhindón-Arévalo César 
Published: October 2018

The quality of drinking water flowing in a distribution network can possess corrosive characteristics that may cause the material degradation of pipes and accessories. This problem can result in reduction of the service life of pipes and create a major public health problem. The agreement between the physical-chemical water quality analysis and national standards are not enough to confirm the balance of the water quality in terms of corrosion. In order to predict pipe corrosion in water distribution system networks, the corrosive trend was evaluated using the Langelier (LSI), Ryznar (RSI), and Larson-Skold (LRI) indexes based on measurements of pH, temperature, total dissolved solids, alkalinity, calcium hardness, sulfate and chloride. This study was setup with 180 samples collected in six zones of the distribution network, from July to December of 2017, according to the standard methods for the analysis of drinking water. The results indicate a variation of the LSI from -1.22 to -1.68; RSI from 9.75 to 10.52 and LRI from 0.46 to 0.77. A linear model was fitted for each index to predict the corrosion with the water quality conditions of this study case. Therefore, the drinking water of the city of Azogues, Ecuador has a corrosive tendency from significant to severe. Corrosion indices were calculated to provide useful information on the water's corrosiveness. These results indicate the need to constantly monitor the corrosion rate in the distribution network and conduct a laboratory study to adjust effective parameters such as pH, in order to control corrosion.
Trichodesmium physiological ecology and phosphate reduction in the western tropical South Pacific
Authors: Frischkorn Kyle R. , Krupke Andreas , Guieu Cécile , Louis Justine , Rouco Mónica , Salazar Estrada Andrés E. , Van Mooy Benjamin A. S. , Dyhrman Sonya T. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract. N2 fixation by the genus Trichodesmium is predicted to support a large proportion of the primary productivity across the oligotrophic oceans, regions that are considered among the largest biomes on Earth. Many of these environments remain poorly sampled, limiting our understanding of Trichodesmium physiological ecology in these critical oligotrophic regions. Trichodesmium colonies, communities that consist of the Trichodesmium host and their associated microbiome, were collected across the oligotrophic western tropical South Pacific (WTSP). These samples were used to assess host clade distribution, host and microbiome metabolic potential, and functional gene expression, with a focus on identifying Trichodesmium physiological ecology in this region. Genes sets related to phosphorus, iron, and phosphorus–iron co-limitation were dynamically expressed across the WTSP transect, suggestive of the importance of these resources in driving Trichodesmium physiological ecology in this region. A gene cassette for phosphonate biosynthesis was detected in Trichodesmium, the expression of which co-varied with the abundance of Trichodesmium Clade III, which was unusually abundant relative to Clade I in this environment. Coincident with the expression of the gene cassette, phosphate reduction to phosphite and low-molecular-weight phosphonate compounds was measured in Trichodesmium colonies. The expression of genes that enable use of such reduced-phosphorus compounds were also measured in both Trichodesmium and the microbiome. Overall, these results highlight physiological strategies employed by consortia in an undersampled region of the oligotrophic WTSP and reveal the molecular mechanisms underlying previously observed high rates of phosphorus reduction in Trichodesmium colonies.
A global spatially contiguous solar-induced fluorescence (CSIF) dataset using neural networks
Authors: Zhang Yao , Joiner Joanna , Alemohammad Seyed Hamed , Zhou Sha , Gentine Pierre 
Published: October 2018

Abstract. Satellite-retrieved solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) has shown
great potential to monitor the photosynthetic activity of terrestrial
ecosystems. However, several issues, including low spatial and temporal
resolution of the gridded datasets and high uncertainty of the individual
retrievals, limit the applications of SIF. In addition, inconsistency in
measurement footprints also hinders the direct comparison between gross
primary production (GPP) from eddy covariance (EC) flux towers and
satellite-retrieved SIF. In this study, by training a neural network (NN)
with surface reflectance from the MODerate-resolution Imaging
Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and SIF from Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 (OCO-2),
we generated two global spatially contiguous SIF (CSIF) datasets at moderate
spatiotemporal (0.05∘ 4-day) resolutions during the MODIS era, one for
clear-sky conditions (2000–2017) and the other one in all-sky conditions
(2000–2016). The clear-sky instantaneous CSIF (CSIFclear-inst)
shows high accuracy against the clear-sky OCO-2 SIF and little bias across
biome types. The all-sky daily average CSIF (CSIFall-daily) dataset
exhibits strong spatial, seasonal and interannual dynamics that are
consistent with daily SIF from OCO-2 and the Global Ozone Monitoring
Experiment-2 (GOME-2). An increasing trend (0.39 %) of annual average
CSIFall-daily is also found, confirming the greening of Earth in
most regions. Since the difference between satellite-observed SIF and CSIF is
mostly caused by the environmental down-regulation on SIFyield,
the ratio between OCO-2 SIF and CSIFclear-inst can be an effective
indicator of drought stress that is more sensitive than the normalized
difference vegetation index and enhanced vegetation index. By comparing
CSIFall-daily with GPP estimates from 40 EC flux towers across the
globe, we find a large cross-site variation (c.v. = 0.36) of the GPP–SIF
relationship with the highest regression slopes for evergreen needleleaf
forest. However, the cross-biome variation is relatively limited
(c.v. = 0.15). These two contiguous SIF datasets and the derived GPP–SIF
relationship enable a better understanding of the spatial and temporal
variations of the GPP across biomes and climate.
Has fire policy decreased the return period of the largest wildfire events in France? A Bayesian assessment based on extreme value theory
Authors: Evin Guillaume , Curt Thomas , Eckert Nicolas 
Published: October 2018

Abstract. Very
large wildfires have high human, economic, and ecological impacts so that
robust evaluation of their return period is crucial. Preventing such events
is a major objective of the new fire policy set up in France in 1994, which
is oriented towards fast and massive fire suppression. Whereas this policy is
probably efficient for reducing the mean burned area (BA), its effect on the
largest fires is still unknown. In this study, we make use of statistical
extreme value theory (EVT) to compute return periods of very large BAs in
southern France, for two distinct periods (1973 to 1994 and 1995 to 2016) and
for three pyroclimatic regions characterized by specific fire activities.
Bayesian inference and related predictive simulations are used to fairly
evaluate related uncertainties. Results demonstrate that the BA corresponding
to a return period of 5 years has actually significantly decreased, but that
this is not the case for large return periods (e.g., 50 years). For example,
in the most fire-prone region, which includes Corsica and Provence, the
median 5-year return level decreased from 5000 to 2400 ha, while the median
50-year return level decreased only from 17 800 to 12 500 ha. This finding
is coherent with the recent occurrence of conflagrations of large and intense
fires clearly far beyond the suppression capacity of firemen. These fires may
belong to a new generation of fires promoted by long-term fuel accumulation,
urbanization into the wildland, and ongoing climate change. These findings
may help adapt the operational system of fire prevention and suppression to
ongoing changes. Also, the proposed methodology may be useful for other case
studies worldwide.
Levinas on the Knife Edge: Body, Race, and Fascism in 1934
Authors: Cohoon Christopher 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT
This article concerns a concept I call “corporeal facticity.” This concept, which refers to the basic existential experience of embodiment as an inescapable self-enchainment, is introduced in Levinas's 1934 essay “Reflections on the Philosophy of Hitlerism.” While others have interpreted this perplexing early essay in liberal and anti-fatalist terms, I argue that its powerful political arguments against both liberalism and Nazi fascism succeed only if we recognize that Levinas is affirming the fatalism of corporeal facticity as a basic existential condition rather than denouncing it, as others have thought, as the central error of Hitlerism or as the link between Hitlerism and Heidegger. After further showing how Levinas's account furnishes a complex anti-liberal diagnosis of Hitlerian biological racism, I conclude by sketching how the 1934 thesis of corporeal facticity is implicitly renewed in the conception of ethical embodiment that Levinas develops at the other end of his career in Otherwise than Being (1974).
The Human as Double Bind: Sylvia Wynter and the Genre of “Man”
Authors: Parker Emily Anne 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT
Sylvia Wynter's philosophy of sociogenesis is an implicit response to a double bind instituted by conceiving of humanity in what she calls generic terms. Either one is human and measured by a morphology that privileges an implicit whiteness, masculinity, cis-ness, hetero-ness, symmetry, and ability, or one is a biological organism without necessarily having recourse to the recognition humans share with each other. Wynter addresses this double bind in arguing first that what is political has in fact always had ecological implications. Bodies denied in politics are in fact of great consequence for politics. This implicit morphology of the genre “Man” has always included the presumption that “Man” can and does act unilaterally. And second, Wynter addresses the double bind in her reading of Fanonian sociogenesis. There is no generic body, as Wynter reads Fanon. The way in which a body is regarded, given the “sociogenic principles” of a political context, is an indistinguishably biological-political matter.
Philosophies or Phonographies? On the Political Stakes of Theorizing About and Through “Music”
Authors: James Robin 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT
This article compares two different ways twentieth- and twenty-first-century scholars use music or sound as a model of abstraction. The methods common in academic philosophy are conceptually flawed: they use an audiovisual litany to misrepresent the difference between methods of abstraction as the difference between sight and hearing. They are also politically flawed: they intensify and renaturalize philosophy's historical exclusion of scholarship by black intellectuals and rearticulate philosophy's traditional enclosure of the intellectual commons. In contrast, the phonographic methods common in Africana thought ground their concepts of sound not in opposition to sight or vision but in black aesthetics and expressive traditions. Avoiding both binary litanies and racialized, gendered practices of enclosure, phonographic methods are better models for theorizing about and through sound.
Freud Beyond Foucault: Thinking Pleasure as a Site of Resistance
Authors: Trumbull Robert 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT
Though Foucault displayed a marked ambivalence toward Freud, in the final stages of his work, this ambivalence hardened into a resistance. Hence, in The History of Sexuality, Volume 1, Freud is situated squarely on the side of power. It is in fact in leaving Freud behind, Foucault suggests, that we might begin to imagine “a different economy of bodies and pleasures.” Against this notion, I argue that a return to Freud's most radical understanding of this enigmatic term pleasure provides the resources for thinking one of the central problems emerging out of Foucault's later work: how to understand pleasure as a possible site of resistance to the regime of normalizing power.
The In Vitro Effects of Bupivacaine on Cartilage-forming Tumor Cells
Authors: Chapman Garrett L. , Zuckerman Lee M. , Mirshahidi Saied 
Published: October 2018

Introduction:
Bupivacaine is a commonly used local anesthetic that has been shown to be cytotoxic to articular chondrocytes and various tumor cells. This study evaluates the in vitro effects of bupivacaine on cartilaginous tumor cells.

Methods:
Multiple different cartilaginous tumors were evaluated, including enchondromas, chondroblastomas, a low-grade chondrosarcoma, which were harvested from patients during tumor resection, and a grade-II chondrosarcoma SW1535 (ATCC HTB-94). The tumor cells were treated with 0.25% and 0.5% bupivacaine at various times points, and the result was compared with that of untreated tumor cells. Tumor cell viability and apoptosis were evaluated by MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay and flow cytometry.

Results:
The tumors were analyzed in groups according to their pathologic diagnosis. Increasing periods of exposure to bupivacaine decreased the cell viability in all tumor samples. The cytotoxicity of 0.5% bupivacaine was significantly greater than that of 0.25% bupivacaine in all tumor cells tested.

Discussion:
At clinically relevant concentrations, in vitro exposure to bupivacaine caused a decrease in cellular viability and an increase in the induction of apoptosis in a dose- and time-dependent manner in each of the tumor cells evaluated in this study.
Revisiting the Gender Gap in Orthopaedic Surgery: Investigating the Relationship Between Orthopaedic Surgery Female Faculty and Female Residency Applicants
Authors: Munger Alana M. , Heckmann Nathanael , McKnight Braden , Dusch Marie N. , Hatch George F. , Omid Reza 
Published: October 2018

Introduction:
Although women now constitute approximately half of all graduating medical students, orthopaedic surgery continues to lag behind in its ability to recruit female applicants. One hypothesis for this discrepancy is the lack of female faculty mentors at academic institutions. The three objectives of this study were the following: (1) to quantify the proportion of female orthopaedic surgery residency applicants, (2) to quantify the proportion of female orthopaedic surgery faculty, and (3) to investigate the relationship between female orthopaedic surgery faculty at an academic institution and the corresponding number of female orthopaedic surgery residency applicants.

Methods:
Data from the Association of American Medical Colleges from 2005 to 2014 were used to calculate the number of medical school graduates, the number of orthopaedic surgery residency applicants, and the number of orthopaedic full-time faculty in the United States. Institutions were excluded if they had incomplete data. A Spearman rank correlation was used to assess for a correlation between the 9-year total number of female orthopaedic surgery applicants and the average number of female orthopaedic surgery faculty members.

Results:
A total of 101 U.S. medical schools were included in the final analysis. During the period examined, women accounted for 48.7% of medical school graduates, 14.9% of orthopaedic surgery applicants, and 13.2% of full-time orthopaedic surgery faculty. The percentage of female residency applicants increased from 13.91% in 2005 to 2006 to 16.02% in 2013 to 2014 while the percentage of female faculty increased from 12.26% in 2005 to 2006 to 15.79% in 2013 to 2014. No correlation was found between the average number of female orthopaedic surgery faculty at an institution and the total number of female orthopaedic surgery applicants from that institution during the study period examined (Rho, 0.0176; P = 0.5957).

Conclusions:
The data presented in this study failed to demonstrate a relationship between the number of female faculty and the number of women who apply into orthopaedic surgery, which highlights the complex nature of this issue. More research is needed to examine factors influencing the recruitment of female medical students.
Bir Nanohibrit Kompozitin Tamirinde Kullanılan Farklı Yüzey İşlemleri Ve Kompozit Rezinlerin Mikrosızıntıya Etkisi
Authors: EREN Diğdem , AYDOĞAN Canan 
Published: October 2018

﻿Amaç: Nanohibrit bir kompozit
rezinin tamirinde sekiz farklı yüzey işlemi ve üç farklı kompozit rezinin
etkisini mikrosızıntı açısından değerlendirmektir.

Materyal ve Metot: Nanohibrit
kompozit rezin Filtek Z550 (3M ESPE, St Paul, MN, ABD) ile hazırlanan bloklar
yüzey işlemlerine göre Grup 1 (kontrol), Grup 2(frez), Grup 3 (frezz+silan),
Grup 4 (Al2O3), Grup 5 (Al2O3+silan),
Grup 6 (tribokimyasal silika kaplama), Grup 7 (lazer), Grup 8 ( lazer+silan)
olmak üzere ayrıldı. Örneklere yaşlandırma ve yüzey işlemleri yapıldıktan sonra
her grup tamir kompozitleri (Filtek Z550, G-aenial Flo (GC Dental Products
Corp, Kasugai, Aichi 486-0844, Japonya) ve Vertise Flow (Kerr Italia, Salerno,
İtalya)) uygulanmak üzere 3’er alt gruba ayrıldı. Tamir işleminden sonra örnekler
1000 devir termal siklus cihazında bekletildi. Daha sonra mikrosızıntı testi yapılıp
istatistiksel olarak değerlendirildi.

Bulgular:
Mikrosızıntı testinde tüm grupların ortalamaları skor 0 ‘’sızıntı yok’’ olarak
bulunmuştur.

Sonuç:
Yüzey işlemleri ve kompozitler arasında istatistiksel olarak fark yoktur.

Anahtar
kelimeler: Kompozit tamiri, Cojet, Er:YAG lazer, mikrosızıntı, kendinden adezivli akışkan kompozit

Abstract

Objective:
To evaluate the effect of eight different surface treatments and three
different composite resins in the repair of a nanohybrid composite resin in
terms of microleakage.

Materials
and Methods: Blocks prepared with nanohybrid composite resin Filtek Z550 (3M
ESPE, St Paul, MN, USA) were classified into Group 1 (control), Group 2 (frez),
Group 3 (frez + silane), Group 4 ), Group 5 (Al2O3 +
silane), Group 6 (tribochemical silica coating), Group 7 (laser), Group 8
(laser + silane). After the aging and surface treatments of the samples were
performed, each group was divided into three sub-grups for application of
repair composites (Filtek Z550, G-aenial
Flo (GC Dental Products Corp., Kasugai, Aichi 486-0844, Japan) and Vertise Flow
(Kerr Italia, Salerno, Italy) the lower subgroup was separated. After the
repair, the samples were stored in a thermal cycle of 1000 cycles. Then, a
microleakage test was made and evaluated statistically.

Results:
In microleakage test, the average of all groups was found as 0 '' no leakage
''.

Conclusion:
No statistical difference was found in this regard between surface treatments
and composite groups.

Key
Words: Composite repair, Cojet, Er:YAG laser, microleakage, self-adhesive flowable composit
A manipulative technique of Andrew Taylor Still as reported by Charles Hazzard, DO, in 1905
Authors: Van Buskirk, Robert L. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
This article presents rediscovered osteopathic manipulative techniques described by Charles Hazzard in 1905 and ascribed by him to Andrew Taylor Still, the founder of osteopathic medicine. Still refrained from writing about his manipulative techniques in any significant detail, apparently intentionally. The techniques published by Hazzard have both internal consistency and similarity to those less well described by Still, suggesting that the attribution is accurate. The techniques are analyzed and presented as a variant of a direct articulatory technique with axial compression. In honor of their originator, they are being termed the Still techniques.
Osteopathic medical education: The introduction of managed care principles into our undergraduate curriculum
Authors: Musser Anne E. , Vinn Norman 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
The authors review the strengths of traditional osteopathic medical education, identify the principles that managed care organizations have identified as being essential in preparing physicians to succeed in the current medical marketplace, and discuss the advantages of incorporating the best principles of managed care into osteopathic medical education. They present a strategy and outline proposed by the Department of Family Medicine at the Western University of Health Sciences College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific for the integration of these principles into the undergraduate educational process.