bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comprehensive analysis of laserscanner validity used for measurement of wear
Authors: Hsu Shu‐Min , Ren Fan , Abdulhameed Nader , Kim Mijin , Neal Dan , Esquivel‐Upshaw Josephine 
Published: February 2019

SummaryObjectivesThe aims of this study were to test the hypotheses that (a) a laserscanner used for measuring maximum depth and volume loss will yield the same results as a surface profilometer; (b) the surface roughness will affect the maximum depth and volume loss measured with the laserscanner; (c) analytical results using the laserscanner from multiple operators have no more than 10% inter‐rater difference and; (d) replicating samples using either stone or impression material is an accurate method for measuring wear using the laserscanner.Materials and MethodsThe volume and maximum depth of indentations from fine, medium and rough burs on glass‐ceramic disks were measured using two devices, a surface profilometer (Dektak II, Veeco) and a 3D Laserscanner (LAS‐20, SD Mechatronik). Replicates of the indentations made from polyvinysiloxane impression material and gypsum were also measured.ResultsComparison of profilometer and laserscanner readings using ceramic disks demonstrated a mean error of 13.61% for depth and 25.32% for volume. Replication errors were minimal (2.6% for impression, 2.5% for stone). Surface profilometer data for volume measurements revealed a difference of 6.1% for impression and 6.5% for stone compared with ceramics. However, when measurements for replicates were compared between laserscanner and surface profilometer, depth had a mean error of 74% for impression and 51% for stone. Volume differences of 78% for impression and 44% for stone were recorded.ConclusionThis work demonstrated that the laserscanner was a convenient device for measuring wear but there is a need to validate the accuracy of the measurements.
Black Adolescents’ Critical Reflection Development: Parents’ Racial Socialization and Attributions About Race Achievement Gaps
Authors: Bañales Josefina , Marchand Aixa D. , Skinner Olivenne D. , Anyiwo Nkemka , Rowley Stephanie J. , Kurtz‐Costes Beth 
Published: February 2019

This research explored the development of Black adolescents’ (N = 454) critical reflection, conceived as individual (i.e., blaming Black people) and structural (i.e., blaming systemic racism) attributions for race achievement gaps. In this longitudinal study, adolescents and their parents reported their individual and structural attributions for race achievement gaps and parents’ racial socialization. Adolescents’ structural attributions increased from Grade 10 to Grade 12. Average levels of individual attributions did not change. Adolescents’ reports of parental racial socialization and parents’ structural attributions when youth were in Grade 10 predicted increases in adolescents’ structural attributions. Findings are applied to future research and efforts to increase adolescent critical reflection.
Evidence of Diverse Identities in a Large National Sample of Sexual and Gender Minority Adolescents
Authors: Watson Ryan J. , Wheldon Christopher W. , Puhl Rebecca M. 
Published: February 2019

Adolescence is a time of identity exploration, and preliminary evidence indicates the ways adolescents are describing their sexual and gender identities (SOGI) are changing. A nuanced understanding of SOGI is necessary for valid assessment in developmental research. Current measures do not capture the diversity of emerging identities among young people. Our study analyzed a national sample of 17,112 sexual and gender minority adolescents (13–17 years) to better understand how identity labels are reported across sexual, gender, and ethnoracial minorities. Adolescents reported 26 distinct SOGI categories; 24% of adolescents utilized nontraditional SOGI labels, such as pansexual and nonbinary. These identifications varied significantly as a function of ethnoracial identity. Results have implications for how scholars conceptualize and measure SOGI among adolescents.
The Road to Psychopathology: Neoliberalism and the Human Mind
Authors: Beattie Peter 
Published: February 2019

AbstractNeoliberalism has been the dominant influence on economic policy in most of the world for nearly four decades. There has been a great deal of analysis of neoliberalism's economic effects, but its psychological effects have received comparatively less attention. This article attempts to fill this gap, providing an assessment of neoliberalism according to psychological criteria. First, it describes the development and evolution of neoliberal theory, noting how it has changed over time. The psychological suppositions inherent in neoliberal theory are foregrounded, and judged by their correspondence to psychological research. Then, relevant psychological literature is reviewed and discussed to discover the possible psychological effects of neoliberal economic policies. The conclusion refers to the genesis of neoliberalism as a source of inspiration for crafting an alternative economic ideology better suited to human psychology.
The incidence, prevalence and clinical features ofMECP2duplication syndrome in Australian children
Authors: Giudice‐Nairn Peter , Downs Jenny , Wong Kingsley , Wilson Dylan , Ta Daniel , Gattas Michael , Amor David , Thompson Elizabeth , Kirrali‐Borri Cathy , Ellaway Carolyn , Leonard Helen 
Published: February 2019

AimThe aim of this study was to assess the incidence and prevalence ofMECP2duplication syndrome in Australian children and further define its phenotype.MethodsThe Australian Paediatric Surveillance Unit was used to identify children withMECP2duplication syndrome between June 2014 and November 2017. Reporting clinicians were invited to complete a questionnaire. Clinician data (n= 20) were supplemented with information from the International Rett Syndrome Phenotype Database and from caregivers (n= 7). Birth prevalence and diagnostic incidence were calculated.ResultsThe birth prevalence ofMECP2duplication syndrome in Australia was 0.65/100 000 for all live births and 1/100 000 for males. Diagnostic incidence was 0.07/100 000 person‐years overall and 0.12/100 000 person‐years for males. The median age at diagnosis was 23.5 months (range 0 months–13 years). A history of pneumonia was documented in three quarters of the clinical cases, half of whom had more than nine episodes. Cardiovascular abnormalities were reported in three cases. A clinical vignette is presented for one child who died due to severe idiopathic pulmonary hypertension. The majority (13/15) of males had inherited the duplication from their mothers, and two had an unbalanced translocation.ConclusionsMECP2duplication syndrome is a rare but important diagnosis in children because of the burden of respiratory illness and recurrence risk. Pulmonary hypertension is a rare life‐threatening complication. Array comparative genomic hybridisation testing is recommended for children with undiagnosed intellectual disability or global developmental delay. Early cardiac assessment and ongoing monitoring is recommended forMECP2duplication syndrome.
Opportunities for nurses to support recovery after pediatric injury: Relationships among posttraumatic stress, hope, and quality of life
Authors: Weiss Danielle , Ostrowski‐Delahanty Sarah , Van Allen Jason , Seegan Paige , Marsac Meghan L. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractPurposeNurses are at the forefront of children's postinjury recovery; this unique role provides an opportunity for nurses to recognize and screen for symptoms that may interfere with children's quality of life (QOL). As such, aims of the present investigation were to explore selected variables (e.g., posttraumatic stress symptoms [PTSS], hope) that have the potential to impact QOL after pediatric injury, with a larger goal of contributing to recommendations for nursing practice to support children's full (physical and emotional) recovery during the peritrauma period following injury.Design and methodsSixty children (aged 7–13) completed measures of PTSS, hope, and QOL while receiving injury treatment.ResultsPTSS significantly predicted concurrent QOL, β = −0.42, p = 0.001. Exploratory results demonstrated that specific PTSS clusters (re‐experiencing [
β = −0.39; p = 0.003), avoidance [
β = −0.35; p = 0.009], arousal [
β = −0.34; p = .012]) all significantly predicted QOL. Specific PTSS were explored. Hope (overall, domains of pathways, general agency, goal setting) did not significantly predict concurrent QOL.Practice implicationsWhile this study is exploratory and more research is needed, current results suggest that nurses’ awareness of PTSS (including symptoms of re‐experiencing, avoidance, arousal) may help medical teams in identifying children that are at risk for impaired functional recovery (e.g., QOL) during the peritrauma period. Nurses may want to consider advocating for the integration of PTSS screeners into standard medical care. In addition, nurses have the opportunity to serve as key medical professionals in the delivery of trauma‐informed medical care (which aims to minimize further trauma or re‐traumatization). Nursing leadership may want to consider offering training in how nurses can identify and respond to children who have experienced an injury (such as trauma‐informed care).
Biomarkers of oxidative stress as an assessment of the redox status of the liver in dogs
Authors: Barry‐Heffernan Caitlin , Ekena Joanne , Dowling Sarah , Pinkerton Marie E. , Viviano Katrina 
Published: February 2019

BackgroundOxidative stress is associated with a diverse group of liver disorders across species.ObjectivesDetermine whether glutathione (GSH) concentration in plasma and red blood cells correlates with liver GSH concentration in dogs and evaluate whether other markers of systemic oxidative stress, plasma vitamin E and urine 8‐isoprostanes/creatinine (F2‐IsoPs/Cr) concentrations, correlate with liver GSH.AnimalsThirty‐four client‐owned dogs undergoing clinically indicated liver biopsy and 15 healthy control dogs.MethodsProspective, observational cross‐sectional study. Urine and blood were collected before liver biopsy. Plasma, erythrocyte, and liver GSH were measured using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC); vitamin E was measured by HPLC, and F2‐IsoPs/Cr was measured by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry.ResultsAll dogs were treated at the discretion of the attending clinician (24/34 received antioxidants; 4/34 fed therapeutic liver diet), which included dogs with primary or secondary liver disease (inflammatory (n = 21), metabolic (n = 9), vascular (n = 2), and neoplastic (n = 2)). Median GSH concentrations in plasma, erythrocyte, and liver were 0.18 mg/dL (range 0.14 to 0.56 mg/dL), 56.7 mg/dL (18.3 to 79.2 mg/dL), and 181 mg/dL (39.9 to 527 mg/dL), respectively. No significant correlations were found between liver GSH and erythrocyte GSH, plasma GSH, vitamin E, or F2‐IsoPs/Cr. Dogs undergoing clinically indicated liver biopsy had significantly higher urine F2‐IsoPs/Cr than did healthy controls (5.89 vs 2.98 ng/mg; P < .0001).Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceErythrocyte and plasma GSH are not indicative of liver GSH concentration in dogs. In addition, dogs undergoing clinically indicated liver biopsy have evidence of increased systemic oxidative stress compared to healthy controls.
Assessing the bacterial communities of sponges inhabiting the remote western Indian Ocean island of Mayotte
Authors: de Voogd Nicole J. , Gauvin‐Bialecki Anne , Polónia Ana R. M. , Cleary Daniel F. R. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractMarine sponges are known to host diverse and abundant communities of microbial symbionts. It has been generally assumed that the bacterial communities of low microbial abundance (LMA) sponges are less diverse than those of high microbial abundance (HMA) sponges. In this study, we used next‐generation sequencing technology to explore the bacterial communities of several biotopes including sponges, seawater, and sediment from the remote Western Indian Ocean island of Mayotte. The species investigated were the known LMA sponges: Jaspis splendens, Stylissa carteri, and Stylissa massa, and the known HMA sponges: Hyrtios erectus and Xestospongia testudinaria. In addition to this, we also investigated the following sponge species: Ectyoplasia coccinea, Paratetilla bacca, Liosina paradoxa, and Petrosia aff. spheroida of which the exact HMA/LMA status is unknown although we preliminarily classified them as HMA or LMA based on the status of closely related species. Certain HMA sponges shared similar bacterial communities dominated by Actinobacteria and Chloroflexi, whereas another species (E. coccinea) had a bacterial community closer to that of LMA sponges. Most LMA sponges housed a bacteriome dominated by Proteobacteria and Cyanobacteria, but the bacteriome of P. bacca also included dominant Chloroflexi and actinobacterial OTUs. Together with S. carteri, this sponge housed a more diverse bacterial community at the phylum, class, and order levels than HMA sponges. Although certain LMA sponges housed a bacterial community similar to the surrounding environment (seawater), they also included highly abundant, possibly species or genus specific, OTUs. Based on this study and small set of sponges studied, we conclude that a clear dichotomy between HMA and LMA sponges does not appear to exist.
Shorter cryoballoon applications times do effect efficacy but result in less phrenic nerve injury: Results of the randomized 123 study
Authors: Molenaar Marleen M.D. , Timmermans Carl C. , Hesselink Tim , Scholten Marcoen F. , ter Bekke Rachel M.A. , Luermans Justin G.L.M. , Brusse‐Keizer Marjolein , Kraaier Karin , ten Haken Bernard , Grandjean Jan G. , Vernooy Kevin , van Opstal Jurren M. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe second‐generation cryoballoon significantly improves outcome of pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) but may cause more complications than the first generation. Currently, no consensus regarding optimal cryoballoon application time exists. The 123‐study aimed to assess the minimal cryoballoon application duration necessary to achieve PVI (primary endpoint) and the effect of application duration on prevention of phrenic nerve injury (PNI).MethodsPatients <75 years of age with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, normal PV anatomy, and left atrial size <40 cc/m² or <50 mm were randomized to two applications of different duration: “short,” “medium,” or “long.” A total of 222 patients were enrolled, 74 per group.ResultsDuration per application was 105 (101‐108), 164 (160‐168), and 224 (219‐226) s and isolation was achieved in 79, 89, and 90% (P < 0.001) of the PVs after two applications in groups short, medium, and long, respectively. Only for the left PVs, the success rate of the short group was significantly less compared to the medium‐ and long‐duration groups (P < 0.001). PNI during the procedure occurred in 19 PVs (6.5%) in the medium and in 20 PVs (6.8%) in the long duration groups compared to only five PVs (1.7%) in the short duration group (P < 0.001).ConclusionsShort cryoballoon ablation application times, less than 2 min, did affect the success for the left PVs but not for the right PVs and resulted in less PNI. A PV tailored approach with shorter application times for the right PVs might be advocated.
Active Trigger Points Are Associated With Anxiety and Widespread Pressure Pain Sensitivity in Women, but not Men, With Tension Type Headache
Authors: Cigarán‐Méndez Margarita , Jiménez‐Antona Carmen , Parás‐Bravo Paula , Fuensalida‐Novo Stella , Rodríguez‐Jiménez Jorge , Fernández‐de‐las‐Peñas César 
Published: February 2019

AbstractBackgroundA better understanding of gender differences can assist clinicians in further developing therapeutic programs in tension type headache (TTH).ObjectiveTo evaluate gender differences in the presence of trigger points (TrPs) in the head, neck, and shoulder muscles and their relationship with headache features, pressure pain sensitivity, and anxiety in people with TTH.MethodsTwo hundred and ten (59 men, 151 women) patients with TTH participated. TrPs were bilaterally explored in the temporalis, masseter, suboccipital, upper trapezius, splenius capitis, and sternocleidomastoid muscles. Headache features were collected using a 4‐week headache diary. Trait and state anxiety levels were assessed using the State‐Trait Anxiety Inventory. Pressure pain thresholds (PPTs) over the temporalis, C5/C6 joint, second metacarpal, and tibialis anterior were assessed.ResultsWomen with TTH exhibited a significantly higher number of total (P = 0.027) and active (P = 0.030), but similar number of latent (P = 0.461), TrPs than men with TTH. Active TrPs in the temporalis, suboccipital, and splenius capitis muscles were the most prevalent in both men and women with TTH. The number of active TrPs was associated with anxiety levels (r = 0.217; P = 0.045) in women, but not in men (P = 0.453): the higher the number of active TrPs, the more the trait levels of anxiety. Women exhibited lower PPTs than men (all, P < 0.001). In men, the number of active, but not latent, TrPs was negatively associated with localized PPTs (all, P < 0.05), whereas in women, the number of active and latent TrPs was negatively associated with PPTs in all points (all, P < 0.01): the higher the number of TrPs, the lower the widespread PPTs.ConclusionsThis study described gender differences in the presence of TrPs in TTH. Women with TTH showed lower PPTs than men. The association between TrPs, anxiety levels, and pressure pain hyperalgesia seems to be more pronounced in women than in men with TTH.
Absence of conditioned responding in humans: A bad measure or individual differences?
Authors: Marin Marie‐France , Barbey Florentine , Rosenbaum Blake L. , Hammoud Mira Z. , Orr Scott P. , Milad Mohammed R. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractSkin conductance response (SCR) is often used as an index of conditioned fear. SCR has been shown to be highly variable, and absence of SC reactivity is sometimes used as criteria for excluding data. It is, however, possible that low or no SC reactivity is the result of a distinct biological signature that underlies individual differences in SCR reactivity. This study examined neural correlates associated with the near absence of SCR conditionability. Archival data from 109 healthy adults aged 18–60 years were pooled. All individuals had participated in a fear conditioning protocol in a fMRI environment, during which two cues were partially reinforced (CS+) with a shock and a third cue was not (CS−). Using SCR to the conditioned stimuli and differential SCR (CS+ minus CS−), we created two groups of 30 individuals: low conditioners (defined as those showing the smallest SCR to the CS+ and smallest differential SCR) and high conditioners (defined as those showing the largest SCR to the CS+ and largest differential SCR). Our analyses showed differences in patterns of brain activations between these two groups during conditioning in the following regions: dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, amygdala, subgenual anterior cingulate cortex, and insular cortex. Our findings suggest that low or absent SCR conditionability is associated with hypoactivation of brain regions involved in fear learning and expression. This highlights the need to be cautious when excluding SCR nonconditioners and to consider the potential implications of such exclusion when interpreting the findings from studies of conditioned fear.
Fiscal devaluation and real exchange rates in the Euro area: Some econometric insights
Authors: Tkalec Marina , Vizek Maruška , Vukšić Goran 
Published: February 2019

AbstractWe explore whether a fiscal devaluation, that is, a reduction in employers’ social security contributions and an increase in value added tax, affects two indicators of bilateral real exchange rates in the euro area: one based on unit labor costs, and another based on consumer prices. We find that, in the short term, cuts in employers’ contributions depreciate real exchange rates based on unit labor costs, while value added tax hikes appreciate real exchange rates based on consumer prices. In the long run, a value added tax increase also appreciates the real exchange rates based on unit labor costs.
Direct analysis of pollen fitness by flow cytometry: implications for pollen response to stress
Authors: Luria Gilad , Rutley Nicholas , Lazar Itay , Harper Jeffery F. , Miller Gad 
Published: February 2019

Summary
Sexual reproduction in flowering plants depends on the fitness of the male gametophyte during fertilization. Because pollen development is highly sensitive to hot and cold temperature extremes, reliable methods to evaluate pollen viability are important for research into improving reproductive heat stress (HS) tolerance. Here, we describe an approach to rapidly evaluate pollen viability using a reactive oxygen species (ROS) probe dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (i.e. H2DCFDA‐staining) coupled with flow cytometry. In using flow cytometry to analyze mature pollen harvested from Arabidopsis and tomato flowers, we discovered that pollen distributed bimodally into ‘low‐ROS’ and ‘high‐ROS’ subpopulations. Pollen germination assays following fluorescence‐activated cell sorting revealed that the high‐ROS pollen germinated with a frequency that was 35‐fold higher than the low‐ROS pollen, supporting a model in which a significant fraction of a flower's pollen remains in a low metabolic or dormant state even after hydration. The ability to use flow cytometry to quantify ROS dynamics within a large pollen population was shown by dose‐dependent alterations in DCF‐fluorescence in response to oxidative stress or antioxidant treatments. HS treatments (35°C) increased ROS levels, which correlated with a ~60% reduction in pollen germination. These results demonstrate the potential of using flow cytometry‐based approaches to investigate metabolic changes during stress responses in pollen.
Gait and electromyographic alterations due to early onset of injury and eventual rupture of the cranial cruciate ligament in dogs: A pilot study
Authors: Adrian Caroline P. , Haussler Kevin K. , Kawcak Christopher E. , Reiser Raoul F. , Riegger‐Krugh Cheryl , Palmer Ross H. , McIlwraith C. Wayne , Taylor Robert A. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractObjectiveIdentify relevant electromyography (EMG), kinematic, and kinetic changes resulting from monopolar radiofrequency energy (MRFE)‐induced cranial cruciate ligament (CCL) injury and eventual rupture in dogs.Study designExperimental, repeated measures.AnimalsFive purpose‐bred female dogs free of orthopedic and neurologic disease.MethodsSurface EMG, joint kinematics, and ground reaction forces were assessed at a trot in the pelvic limbs at baseline, at 2 and 4 weeks after unilateral MRFE‐induced CCL injury, and at 4, 8, and 16 weeks after CCL rupture (CCLR).ResultsAfter MRFE‐induced injury, average hip joint range of motion (ROM) during stance decreased within the untreated pelvic limb. After CCLR, stifle flexion angles decreased within the treated limb at 8 weeks and within the untreated pelvic limb at all time points, whereas average tarsal joint ROM decreased in the treated limb and increased in the untreated limb. Peak vertical ground reaction force and impulse decreased within the treated limb. Qualitative alterations of many EMG values were noted after MRFE‐induced injury and CCLR, although significant differences between limbs or from baseline values were not detected.ConclusionMonopolar radiofrequency energy‐induced injury altered contralateral hip kinematics, suggesting early regional compensatory gait alterations. After CCLR, additional compensatory gait patterns occurred in both pelvic limbs.Clinical impactThe qualitative analysis of trial‐averaged EMG data in this small population supports a relationship between neuromuscular function and induced CCL injury leading to rupture.