bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CİNSEL SAĞLIK DERSİ ALAN VE ALMAYAN HEMŞİRELİK ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN CİNSEL SAĞLIK EĞİTİMİ HAKKINDAKİ DÜŞÜNCELERİ
Authors: YANIKKEREM Emre , ÜSTGÖRÜL Sema 
Published: May 2019

Bu araştırma, Ege bölgesinde bulunan bir
Üniversitede cinsel sağlık dersi alan ve almayan hemşirelik öğrencilerinin
cinsel sağlık eğitimi hakkındaki düşüncelerini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır.
Araştırma, 2014-2015 ve 2015-2016 öğretim yılında cinsel sağlık dersini alan
187 ve başka bir seçmeli ders alan 205 öğrenci olmak üzere 392 öğrenci ile
gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın verileri SPSS 20.0 istatistik programı
kullanılarak analiz edilmiş ve sayı, yüzde ve Ki-kare testi kullanılmıştır.
Büyük çoğunluğu (%97.2) bekar olan
öğrencilerin yaş ortalaması 20.8±1.3 ve % 69.4’ü kadındır. Öğrencilerin
%57,9’unun cinsellik hakkında bilgi aldığı ve bu bilgiyi öğrencilerin %42,7’si
arkadaşlarından, %53,7’si basın/internetten edinmiştir. Öğrencilerin %20,4’ü
evlilik öncesi cinsel deneyim yaşamıştır. Cinsel sağlık dersi alan öğrencilerin
% 60,4’ü, dersi almayan öğrencilerin
%45,4’ü cinsel bilgi düzeylerini yeterli bulmaktadır. Öğrencilerin
%69,1’i cinsel sağlık dersinin zorunlu ders olması gerektiğini ifade etmiştir. Sonuç olarak cinsel sağlık dersi alan
öğrencilerin cinsel sağlık eğitimi hakkında pozitif düşüncelerinin olduğu
bulunmuştur. Gençlerin cinsel yaşamlarını sağlıklı geçirmeleri için
üniversitelerde cinsel sağlığa yönelik eğitimlerin yaygınlaştırılması oldukça
önemlidir.
HEMŞİRELİK ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN İYİMSER YAŞAM YÖNELİMİ İLE SAĞLIK SORUNLARI VE AKADEMİK BAŞARI DURUMLARI ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİ
Authors: TURAN Nuray , ÖZDEMİR AYDIN Gülsün , KAYA Hatice , YILMAZ Arzu , AKSEL Gayenur 
Published: May 2019

Bu araştırma, hemşirelik öğrencilerinin iyimser yaşam yönelimleri ile
sağlık sorunları ve akademik başarı durumları arasındaki ilişkiyi belirlemek
amacı ile yapıldı. Tanımlayıcı ve ilişki arayıcı türde
gerçekleştirilen araştırmanın evrenini, bir Hemşirelik Fakültesi’nde 2014-2015
eğitim-öğretim yılında öğrenim gören 1072 öğrenci, örneklemini ise tabakalı
örnekleme yöntemi kullanılarak belirlenmiş 282 öğrenci oluşturdu. Araştırmaya başlamadan
önce kurumdan yazılı izin, etik kurul onayı ve öğrencilerden sözlü bilgilendirilmiş
olur alındı. Veriler, Öğrenci Bilgi Formu, Yaşam Yönelim
Testi (YYT) ve Genel Sağlık Anketi 12 (GSA-12) aracılığı ile toplandı. Elde edilen veriler, bilgisayarda
uygun istatistiksel yöntemler kullanılarak analiz edildi. Öğrencilerin yaş ortalamasının
19.83±1.57, %80.9’unun kız, %75.5’inin çekirdek ailede yaşadığı, %42.6’sının 2
kardeşe sahip olduğu, %72.7’sinin gelirinin giderini karşıladığı, %88.3’ünün
herhangi bir kronik hastalığının olmadığı, %8.9’unun sigara, %7.1’inin alkol
kullandığı görüldü. Akademik başarı puan ortalamalarının (AGNO) 2.58±0.45, YYT puan ortalamasının 15.08±3.42,
GSA-12 puan ortalamasının 3.40±2.28
olduğu saptandı. Genel Sağlık Anketi’nden aldıkları puana göre ruhsal hastalık
belirtileri yönünden %25.2’sinin düşük, %24.8’nin orta, %50’sinin yüksek
düzeyde risk taşıdığı saptandı. YYT, GSA-12 ve AGNO puan ortalamaları arasında
anlamlı bir ilişki olmadığı belirlendi (p˃0.05).
Keadilan Dalam Bisnis Gadai
Authors: Sampe Naomi 
Published: May 2019

The habit of debit and credit has become tradition in human culture as far back as. The system of debit and credit also happened in outgrowth. In hundreds years, it expand from barter system in primitive society towards variety methods, until now. There are many ways for people to get loans, and morover in easier manner. The commonly way in taking the allowance is by using bailed out. Thats why,nowdays there so many institution or person pop out to offer a term loan, such as bank, cooperative (enterprise) that emerge in saving and loan, credit union, financing instituion, loan office, and even moneylender. This research is needed to help emerge any understanding into some problem solving on how the christian ethics addressing the alternatives to face this problem of pawning.AbstrakBudaya utang piutang telah menjadi tradisi dalam masyarakat sejak dahulu. Sistem transaksi utang piutang juga mengalami perkembangan. Dari sistem barter dalam masyarakat primitif sederhana, berkembang melalui ratusan tahun menjadi berbagai macam cara hingga saat ini. Cara-cara yang dapat ditempuh untuk mendapatkan pinjaman saat ini beragam dan semakin mudah metodenya. Yang paling umum dilakukan adalah mengambil kredit dengan memberikan jaminan. Lantas, bermunculanlah berbagai lembaga/orang yang dapat memberikan pinjaman dengan bunga yang disepakati, seperti bank, koperasi simpan pinjam, credit union, lembaga finance dan pegadaian bahkan rentenir dengan resiko masing-masing. Masalah ini memerlukan kajian penelitian untuk memberi pandangan etis kristiani sebagai salah satu alternatif teologi menghadapi persolan bisnis gadai ini.
PENGARUH DIKLAT DAN MOTIVASI TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN PADA PT SYNERGIS GLOBAL PERFORMA
Authors: Nuridin Nuridin, SE., MM , Hanifah Gaylah 
Published: May 2019

The purpose of this research was to determine the influence both individually and jointly, variable of training and motivation to variable of employees’ performance at PT. Synergis Global Performa. Method of collecting data through primary data. Method of Data Analysis WITH using regression, correlation, determination both jointly and individually, then continued by hypotheses test. But before it was analyzed, first was done the test of data instrument.
The results of research showed that: From the result of analysis about the factors which is affecting the performance of employees, it appears that these two variables were analyzed, namely training and motivation, so the most dominant to influence employees' performance is training variable. That was proved by the result from the calculation of t count for each variable, where t count of training (12.246) is greater than the value of the t count of motivation (4,003).
Sistem Layanan Mandiri Di Kantor Desa Berbasis Web
Authors: Kurniati Rezki , Jaroji Jaroji , Agustiawan Agustiawan 
Published: May 2019

Pelayanan Desa menggambarkan identitas Desa itu sendiri. Selama ini sistem pelayanan pembuatan surat di kantor Desa Kabupaten Bengkalis menggunakan pelayanan dalam bentuk sistem informasi manual, pelayanan dilakukan oleh seorang petugas. Beberapa permasalahan yang dihadapi dari sistem pelayanan ini seperti sulit dan lambat dalam proses pengajuan usulan surat baru, surat izin dan surat keterangan. Sementara masyarakat menginginkan pelayanan yang ramah, cepat dan efektif. Sistem layanan mandiri dapat dijadikan solusi untuk memberikan layanan prima kepada masyarakat. Pada sistem layanan mandiri ini masyarakat dapat mengakses layanan seperti mengurus surat keterangan dan surat pengantar untuk berbagai keperluan dengan cara memasukkan atau mengetik Nomor Induk Kepenedudukan (NIK) ke web layanan mandiri. Jika data ditemukan masyarakat bisa langsung melakukan layanan yang diinginkan. Hasilnya dari aplikasi berupa surat keterangan atau surat izin
On the Instability of Polytropic Maclaurin and Roche Ellipsoids
Authors: Horedt G. P. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
The ellipsoidal configurations studied by Lai et al. belong to the special class of adiabatic polytropes, and most results are applicable only in the interval 0 ≤ n < 1 of polytropic indices n. This restricts the applicability of their models mainly to rapidly rotating neutron stars or binaries with a neutron-star component. We show that their results are incorrect for the following three topics: (1) the stability against equatorial mass loss of polytropic Maclaurin and Jacobi ellipsoids, (2) the onset of dynamical instability in polytropic Maclaurin and Roche binary ellipsoids under the influence of the adiabatic exponent, and (3) the onset of secular instability in polytropic Roche binary ellipsoids. For uniformly rotating polytropes of index n = 1.5, 2, and 3, we get precise numerical values of the critical adiabatic exponent at the onset of dynamical instability, in close agreement with the general theoretical formula of Ledoux. In the Appendix, it is shown that for one of the Rosenkilde toroidal modes, secular and dynamical instability in homogeneous Maclaurin ellipsoids are not correlated, occurring in two distinct overlapping eccentricity intervals. For this mode, the Maclaurin ellipsoid can be secularly stable or unstable if it is dynamically stable or unstable. This rectifies previous conclusions of Lyttleton and Chandrasekhar on this subject.
Piercing through Highly Obscured and Compton-thick AGNs in the Chandra Deep Fields. I. X-Ray Spectral and Long-term Variability Analyses
Authors: Li Junyao , Xue Yongquan , Sun Mouyuan , Liu Teng , Vito Fabio , Brandt William N. , Hughes Thomas M. , Yang Guang , Tozzi Paolo , Zhu Shifu , Zheng Xuechen , Luo Bin , Chen Chien-Ting , Vignali Cristian , Gilli Roberto , Shu Xinwen 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
We present a detailed X-ray spectral analysis of 1152 active galactic nuclei (AGNs) selected in the Chandra Deep Fields (CDFs), in order to identify highly obscured AGNs (

>

). By fitting spectra with physical models, 436 (38%) sources with

are confirmed to be highly obscured, including 102 Compton-thick (CT) candidates. We propose a new hardness ratio measure of the obscuration level that can be used to select highly obscured AGN candidates. The completeness and accuracy of applying this method to our AGNs are 88% and 80%, respectively. The observed log N−log S relation favors cosmic X-ray background models that predict moderate (i.e., between optimistic and pessimistic) CT number counts. Nineteen percent (6/31) of our highly obscured AGNs that have optical classifications are labeled as broad-line AGNs, suggesting that, at least for part of the AGN population, the heavy X-ray obscuration is largely a line-of-sight effect, i.e., some high column density clouds on various scales (but not necessarily a dust-enshrouded torus) along our sight line may obscure the compact X-ray emitter. After correcting for several observational biases, we obtain the intrinsic

distribution and its evolution. The CT/highly obscured fraction is roughly 52% and is consistent with no evident redshift evolution. We also perform long-term (≈17 yr in the observed frame) variability analyses for 31 sources with the largest number of counts available. Among them, 17 sources show flux variabilities: 31% (5/17) are caused by the change of

, 53% (9/17) are caused by the intrinsic luminosity variability, 6% (1/17) are driven by both effects, and 2 are not classified owing to large spectral fitting errors.
Molecular Gas of the Most Massive Spiral Galaxies. I. A Case Study of NGC 5908
Authors: Li Jiang-Tao , Zhou Ping , Jiang Xuejian , Bregman Joel N. , Gao Yu 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
We present IRAM 30 m observations of molecular lines of CO and its isotopologues from the massive spiral galaxy NGC 5908 selected from the CGM-MASS sample. 12CO J = 1 − 0, 12CO J = 2 − 1, and 13CO J = 1 − 0 lines have been detected in most of the positions along the galactic disk. The total molecular gas mass of NGC 5908 is

and the total cool gas mass adding atomic hydrogen is

, comparable to the upper limit of the mass of the X-ray emitting hot gas in the halo. Modeling the rotation curves constructed with all three CO lines indicates that NGC 5908 has a dark matter halo mass of

, putting it among the most massive isolated spiral galaxies. The 12CO/13CO J = 1 − 0, 12CO J = 2 − 1/J = 1 − 0 line ratios and the estimated molecular gas temperature all indicate normal but non-negligible star formation in this fairly gas-rich massive isolated spiral galaxy, consistent with the measured star formation intensity and surface densities. The galaxy is probably at an early evolutionary stage after a fast growth stage with mergers and/or starbursts, with plenty of leftover cool gas, relatively high SFR, low hot CGM cooling rate, and low X-ray emissivity.
Shifting from an inpatient to outpatient centered model through transforming the TB financing in ex-Soviet countries
Authors: Davtyan Karapet , Denisiuk Olga , Mirzoev Azamdzhon , Davtyan Hayk , Aghabekyan Seda , Piskorska Maryna , Tyshkevych Anna , Jayaraj Joshua , Hayrapetyan Armen , Zachariah Rony 
Published: May 2019

Introduction: In former Soviet Union countries, tuberculosis (TB) financing largely relies on a hospital-centered model. The World Health Organization favors transformation to ambulatory treatment since it is cheaper and patient-centered. We explored policy and decision maker’s perspectives on: a) enabling factors for transformation in Armenia and b) challenges and ways forward in doing so in Ukraine and Tajikistan.
Methodology: Qualitative study of key informants from government, donors and the national TB program.
Results: 52 informants with a mean service record of 20 years were involved. Key enablers in Armenia included collaborative partnership and political will, carefully selecting an adapted financing scheme that avoided financial penalization of hospitals and health workers, and use of operational research. The operational challenges in Ukraine and Tajikistan hovered around the lack of technical capacity and guidance on “how to implement” alternative financing. Shortcomings in strategic planning, uncertainty/fear that existing hospital funding would be cut and reluctance to change were highlighted. Suggested ways forwards to change the current paradigm included country-level technical assistance, capacity building, regional exchanges and operational research.
Conclusions: the perspectives of “those who decide” on transforming TB financing have been highlighted. Taking these perspectives on-board is vital for achieving the end-TB goals.
Online appendix 1:Is the present Brackenridgea Nature Reserve large enough to ensure the survival of <i>Brackenridgea zanguebarica</i> Oliv.?
Authors: Tshisikhawe Milingoni P. , Van Rooyen Magaretha W. , Gaugris Jerome Y. 
Published: May 2019

The Brackenridgea Nature Reserve is a 110 ha protected area established by the provincial Limpopo Department of Economic Development, Environment and Tourism as a way of protecting the population of Brackenridgea zanguebarica, a species classified as critically endangered in South Africa. In the whole of South Africa, the species is found in only one small area around Thengwe–Mafukani in Venda. It is threatened with extirpation due to high demand for its medicinal bark. This study investigated the adequacy of the reserve to conserve the species using a method established in 2001 by Burgman et al. This method involves 12 steps to quantify the risk of the decline or possible extinction of the species and takes current human activities, disturbances and the viability of the population into consideration for setting a conservation target. From the results, it was clear that more area is needed for the current population to survive beyond 50 years. Assuming the status quo, it will require 410 ha to maintain the population, whereas a 50% reduction in human-related activities, such as cultivation, harvesting and livestock grazing, will lower the required potential habitat to 203 ha and a conservation option, which allows for bark harvesting, will require 179 ha. Conservation implications: The results of this study will have conservation implication on management of viable species population within a nature reserve. It will require managers to take into consideration the reserve size in relation to potential habitats for the development of species under their management.
Online appendix 2:Plant communities of the uMlalazi Nature Reserve and their contribution to conservation in KwaZulu-Natal
Authors: Zungu Nqobile S. , Mostert Theo H.C. , Mostert Rachel E. 
Published: May 2019

Vegetation research is an important tool for the simplified and effective identification, management and conservation of the very complex ecosystems underlying them. Plant community descriptions offer scientists a summary and surrogate of all the biotic and abiotic factors shaping and driving ecosystems. The aim of this study was to identify, describe and map the plant communities within the uMlalazi Nature Reserve. A total of 149 vegetation plots were sampled using the Braun-Blanquet technique. Thirteen plant communities were identified using a combination of numeric classification (modified Two-way-Indicator Species Analysis) and ordination (non-metric multidimensional scaling). These communities were described in terms of their structure, floristic composition and distribution. An indirect gradient analysis of the ordination results was conducted to investigate the relationship between plant communities and their potentially important underlying environmental drivers. Based on the results, the floristic conservation importance of each plant community was discussed to provide some means to evaluate the relative contribution of the reserve to regional ecosystem conservation targets.Conservation implications: The uMlalazi Nature Reserve represents numerous ecosystems that are disappearing from a rapidly transforming landscape outside of formally protected areas in Zululand. The descriptions of the plant communities of these relatively pristine ecosystems provide conservation authorities with inventories and benchmarks with which the ecological health of similar ecosystems in the region can be measured.
Observations of OH airglow from ground, aircraft, and satellite: investigation of wave-like structures before a minor stratospheric warming
Authors: Wüst Sabine , Schmidt Carsten , Hannawald Patrick , Bittner Michael , Mlynczak Martin G. , Russell III James M. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract. In January and February 2016, the OH airglow camera system FAIM (Fast Airglow
Imager) measured during six flights on board the research aircraft FALCON in
northern Scandinavia. Flight 1 (14 January 2016) covering the same ground
track in several flight legs and flight 5 (28 January 2016) along the
shoreline of Norway are discussed in detail in this study. The images of the
OH airglow intensity are analysed with a two-dimensional FFT regarding
horizontal periodic structures between 3 and 26 km horizontal wavelength and
their direction of propagation. Two ground-based spectrometers (GRIPS,
Ground-based Infrared P-branch Spectrometer) provided OH airglow
temperatures. One was placed at ALOMAR, Northern Norway (Arctic Lidar
Observatory for Middle Atmosphere Research; 69.28∘ N,
16.01∘ E) and the other one at Kiruna, northern Sweden
(67.86∘ N, 20.24∘ E). Especially during the last third of
January 2016, the weather conditions at Kiruna were good enough for the
computation of nightly means of gravity wave potential energy density.
Coincident TIMED-SABER (Thermosphere Ionosphere Mesosphere Energetics
Dynamics–Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry)
measurements complete the data set. They allow for the derivation of
information about the Brunt–Väisälä frequency and about the
height of the OH airglow layer as well as its thickness. The data are analysed with respect to the temporal and spatial evolution of
mesopause gravity wave activity just before a minor stratospheric warming at
the end of January 2016. Wave events with periods longer (shorter) than
60 min might mainly be generated in the troposphere (at or above the height
of the stratospheric jet). Special emphasis is placed on small-scale
signatures, i.e. on ripples, which may be signatures of local instability
and which may be related to a step in a wave-breaking process. The most
mountainous regions are characterized by the highest occurrence rate of
wave-like structures in both flights.
Varying regional δ18O–temperature relationship in high-resolution stable water isotopes from east Greenland
Authors: Holme Christian , Gkinis Vasileios , Lanzky Mika , Morris Valerie , Olesen Martin , Thayer Abigail , Vaughn Bruce H. , Vinther Bo M. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract. This study examines the stable water isotope signal
(δ18O) of three ice cores drilled on the Renland peninsula
(east Greenland coast). While ice core δ18O measurements
qualitatively are a measure of the local temperature history, the
δ18O variability in precipitation actually reflects the
integrated hydrological activity that the deposited ice experienced from the
evaporation source to the condensation site. Thus, as Renland is located next
to fluctuating sea ice cover, the transfer function used to infer past
temperatures from the δ18O variability is potentially
influenced by variations in the local moisture conditions. The objective of
this study is therefore to evaluate the δ18O variability
of ice cores drilled on Renland and examine the amount of the signal that
can be attributed to regional temperature variations. In the analysis, three
ice cores are utilized to create stacked summer, winter and annually averaged
δ18O signals (1801–2014 CE). The imprint of temperature on
δ18O is first examined by correlating the
δ18O stacks with instrumental temperature records from
east Greenland (1895–2014 CE) and Iceland (1830–2014 CE) and with the
regional climate model HIRHAM5 (1980–2014 CE). The results show that the
δ18O variability correlates with regional temperatures on
both a seasonal and an annual scale between 1910 and 2014, while
δ18O is uncorrelated with Iceland temperatures between
1830 and 1909. Our analysis indicates that the unstable regional
δ18O–temperature correlation does not result from changes
in weather patterns through strengthening and weakening of the
North Atlantic Oscillation. Instead, the results imply that the varying
δ18O–temperature relation is connected with the volume
flux of sea ice exported through Fram Strait (and south along the coast of
east Greenland). Notably, the δ18O variability only
reflects the variations in regional temperature when the temperature anomaly
is positive and the sea ice export anomaly is negative. It is hypothesized
that this could be caused by a larger sea ice volume flux during cold years
which suppresses the Iceland temperature signature in the Renland
δ18O signal. However, more isotope-enabled modeling
studies with emphasis on coastal ice caps are needed in order to quantify the
mechanisms behind this observation. As the amount of Renland
δ18O variability that reflects regional temperature varies
with time, the results have implications for studies performing
regression-based δ18O–temperature reconstructions based on
ice cores drilled in the vicinity of a fluctuating sea ice cover.