bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unitarization of electron scattering with an external potential at NLO in QED
Authors: Oller J. A. , Peláez Marcela 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We have calculated the one-loop scattering amplitude of an electron by an external Coulomb potential in QED free of infrared divergences. This feature is achieved by applying the Faddeev-Kulish formalism, which implies a redefinition of both the asymptotic electronic states and of the S matrix. Additionally, we have also derived the infrared-finite one-loop partial-wave amplitudes for this process by applying a recent method in the literature. Next, these partial-wave amplitudes are unitarized based on analyticity and unitarity by employing three different methods of unitarization: the algebraic N/D method, the Inverse Amplitude Method and the first-iterated N/D method. Then, we have studied several partial waves both for physical momentum and for complex ones to look for bound-state poles. The binding momentum for the fundamental bound state in S wave is discussed with special detail. This is a wide-ranging method for calculating nonperturbative partial-wave amplitudes for infinite-range interactions that could be applied to many other systems.
New ester-type chemical bonding wood adhesion with a dicarboxylic acid compound
Authors: Ando Daisuke , Umemura Kenji , Yamauchi Hidefumi 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Wood adhesion is one of the fundamental joint technologies for wood-based materials. We focused on an unprecedented chemical bonding wood adhesion. With the final goal of water-resistant wood adhesion using dicarboxylic acid compounds with straight alkyl chains, this study clarified the difference of adhesiveness between glutaric acid (GA) and citric acid (CA) to explore the direct effects of chemical bonding type adhesion on physical properties. In the prepared wood-based moldings, the structural analysis with 2D-NMR of the interphase between GA or CA and wood surfaces revealed that GA adhesion is cleaner and more reactive than CA adhesion, without any side reactions. GA reacted with the wood powder surface. In addition, the water resistance treatments of the GA-type wood-based molding showed a thickness reversibility that is not observed with CA-adhesion. The results indicate that GA-adhesion is very likely a chemical bonding type of wood adhesion, considering the molding process under high temperature and pressure conditions. The physical properties of the molding were evaluated to determine the adhesion properties. GA-type wood-based molding was tougher and more water-resistant than CA-type wood-based molding. The physical properties were attributed to the side-chain structure of GA. The results indicate that dicarboxylic acid compounds could be superior wood adhesives, and other dicarboxylic acids could be used for wood adhesion and the expression of material properties owing to their various side chain structures. Furthermore, the material properties could be controlled by considering the chemical structure of adhesive compounds in the future.
Integrated planning in hospitals: a review
Authors: Rachuba Sebastian , Reuter-Oppermann Melanie , Thielen Clemens 
Published: November 2024

AbstractEfficient planning of scarce resources in hospitals is a challenging task for which a large variety of Operations Research and Management Science approaches have been developed since the 1950s. While efficient planning of single resources such as operating rooms, beds, or specific types of staff can already lead to enormous efficiency gains, integrated planning of several resources has been shown to hold even greater potential, and a large number of integrated planning approaches have been presented in the literature over the past decades. This paper provides the first literature review that focuses specifically on the Operations Research and Management Science literature related to integrated planning of different resources in hospitals. We collect the relevant literature and analyze it regarding different aspects such as uncertainty modeling and the use of real-life data. Several cross comparisons reveal interesting insights concerning, e.g., relations between the modeling and solution methods used and the practical implementation of the approaches developed. Moreover, we provide a high-level taxonomy for classifying different resource-focused integration approaches and point out gaps in the literature as well as promising directions for future research.
Ein prozeduraler Ansatz zur Umsetzung von nicht-invasiven Pränataltests in der GKV: Lessons from England
Authors: Domenici Irene , Günther Christian 
Published: November 2024

ZusammenfassungDie Kostenübernahme des nicht-invasiven Pränataltests (NIPT) durch die Gesetzliche Krankenversicherung
wird weiterhin diskutiert, da die Sorge besteht, dass der Test routinemäßig ohne medizinische
Relevanz angeboten wird. Am Beispiel des NIPT zeigt dieser Beitrag, wie ein prozedurales Modell nach englischem
Vorbild helfen kann, ethische Konflikte zu entschärfen und die Legitimität gesundheitspolitischer
Entscheidungen zu stärken. Im Hinblick auf die Entwicklungen in England zu Fragen des NIPT und des
Schwangerschaftsabbruchs werden insbesondere drei Aspekte der Diskussion analysiert: die Berücksichtigung
ethischer Fragen bei Erstattungsentscheidungen im öffentlichen Gesundheitssystem, das Aussenden eines
negativen Signals gegenüber bereits geborenen Menschen mit Behinderungen und die Sicherstellung umfassender,
nichtdirektiver medizinischer Beratung.
Empowering Young Writers: A Multimodal Case Study of Emergent Writing in Urban Preschool Classrooms
Authors: Mathew Katie A. , Lee Vera J. , Gentile Claudia , Hanna Casey , Montgomery Alene 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWith a view of children as social negotiators, this study explored how preschool children’s voices were nurtured through the implementation of an early-writing/applied phonics approach called Kid Writing (KW). The approach encouraged children to compose writing from their lives as they were guided by an adult who scaffolded the writing process. An analysis of classroom observations, focus groups, and children’s work samples revealed the extent to which preschool children’s voices, motivation, and writing capabilities were supported. Imperative to children’s success as writers in this study was the expansion of preschool teachers’ views of what counts as writing. By legitimizing the full developmental continuum of children’s early writing attempts, including scribbling, mark-making, drawing, and early letter formation, the results of this study documented what young children are capable of when they are empowered to self-express through their joy of writing. The findings disrupt the notion that preschool children are not ready to write. Rather, children’s overall literacy learning is supported by providing opportunities for preschoolers to write from their lived experiences.
Updated findings on temporal variation in radiation-effects on cancer mortality in an international cohort of nuclear workers (INWORKS)
Authors: Daniels Robert D. , Bertke Stephen J. , Kelly-Reif Kaitlin , Richardson David B. , Haylock Richard , Laurier Dominique , Leuraud Klervi , Moissonnier Monika , Thierry-Chef Isabelle , Kesminiene Ausrele , Schubauer-Berigan Mary K. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe International Nuclear Workers Study (INWORKS) contributes knowledge on the dose-response association between predominantly low dose, low dose rate occupational exposures to penetrating forms of ionizing radiation and cause-specific mortality. By extending follow-up of 309,932 radiation workers from France (1968–2014), the United Kingdom (1955–2012), and the United States (1944–2016) we increased support for analyses of temporal variation in radiation-cancer mortality associations. Here, we examine whether age at exposure, time since exposure, or attained age separately modify associations between radiation and mortality from all solid cancers, solid cancers excluding lung cancer, lung cancer, and lymphohematopoietic cancers. Multivariable Poisson regression was used to fit general relative rate models that describe modification of the linear excess relative rate per unit organ absorbed dose. Given indication of greater risk per unit dose for solid cancer mortality among workers hired in more recent calendar years, sensitivity analyses considering the impact of year of hire on results were performed. Findings were reasonably compatible with those from previous pooled and country-specific analyses within INWORKS showing temporal patterns of effect measure modification that varied among cancers, with evidence of persistent radiation-associated excess cancer risk decades after exposure, although statistically significant temporal modification of the radiation effect was not observed. Analyses stratified by hire period (< 1958, 1958+) showed temporal patterns that varied; however, these analyses did not suggest that this was due to differences in distribution of these effect measure modifiers by hire year.
Applying bayesian data analysis for causal inference about requirements quality: a controlled experiment
Authors: Frattini Julian , Fucci Davide , Torkar Richard , Montgomery Lloyd , Unterkalmsteiner Michael , Fischbach Jannik , Mendez Daniel 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIt is commonly accepted that the quality of requirements specifications impacts subsequent software engineering activities. However, we still lack empirical evidence to support organizations in deciding whether their requirements are good enough or impede subsequent activities. We aim to contribute empirical evidence to the effect that requirements quality defects have on a software engineering activity that depends on this requirement. We conduct a controlled experiment in which 25 participants from industry and university generate domain models from four natural language requirements containing different quality defects. We evaluate the resulting models using both frequentist and Bayesian data analysis. Contrary to our expectations, our results show that the use of passive voice only has a minor impact on the resulting domain models. The use of ambiguous pronouns, however, shows a strong effect on various properties of the resulting domain models. Most notably, ambiguous pronouns lead to incorrect associations in domain models. Despite being equally advised against by literature and frequentist methods, the Bayesian data analysis shows that the two investigated quality defects have vastly different impacts on software engineering activities and, hence, deserve different levels of attention. Our employed method can be further utilized by researchers to improve reliable, detailed empirical evidence on requirements quality.
The role of neighbours in aggressive defence of territories in mixed-species breeding aggregations of cichlid fish
Authors: Lehtonen Topi K. , Helanterä Heikki 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWhile territorial aggression is a prerequisite for reproduction in many animals, individuals need to balance its benefits against the costs. Territorial neighbours can influence these costs and benefits, yet their role is often poorly understood, especially in neighbourhoods with heterospecifics. To address this topic, we assessed both the overall (i.e. neighbourhood-level) and species-level aggression towards an intruder in naturally formed mixed-species neighbourhoods of Nicaraguan cichlid fish. We found that while the territories were tightly packed and territory holders were likely to benefit from neighbours that are aggressive towards intruders, the burden of intruder repellence fell mainly to the territory owners closest to the intruder. Moreover, the overall aggression did not markedly increase with the number of territories, further indicating that the investment by most territory holders decreased with territory density. While some species appeared better neighbours than others in terms of their contribution to the neighbourhood-level defensive aggression, the patterns of species co-occurrence did not reveal significant species pair-specific associations. Overall, these results are consistent with the selfish herd theory and suggest that territory defence against intruders can impact the composition of the local community.
Synchrony of algal blooms in neighbouring lakes: connectivity or territoriality
Authors: Tóth Viktor R. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The biological synchrony of neighbouring lakes in Central Europe was evaluated by analysing the concurrent time series of algal biomass variables using long-term (1999–2019) satellite (Landsat 7) derived chlorophyll-index data. The synchrony between the hydrologically connected and disconnected lakes was estimated and compared. Although the hydrologically connected lakes showed a low but significant synchrony (0.21 ± 0.07), the synchrony of phytoplankton phenological events in two hydrologically separated lakes was higher (0.50 ± 0.07). All data indicated a robust spatial correlation: the closer the compared lake regions were to each other, the higher the degree of similarity was. These data suggest that hydrological connectivity between lakes is not necessary and that the geological, geomorphological and mesoclimatic characteristics of the region may have a greater influence on the occurrence of biological processes in the lakes. Proximity of the lakes studied suggests that large-scale, integrating factors affecting all three studied lakes override the idiosyncrasies of these lakes, and therefore clustered management of neighbouring lakes may be useful to consider.
Maximum likelihood estimation of normal-gamma and normal-Nakagami stochastic frontier models
Authors: Stead Alexander D. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe gamma and Nakagami distributions have an advantage over other proposed flexible inefficiency distributions in that they can accommodate not only non-zero modes, but also cases in which many firms lie arbitrarily close to the frontier. We propose a normal-Nakagami stochastic frontier model, which provides a generalisation of the normal-half normal that is more flexible than the familiar normal-truncated normal. The normal-gamma model has already attracted much attention, but estimation and efficiency prediction have relied on approximation methods. We derive exact expressions for likelihoods and efficiency predictors, and demonstrate direct maximum likelihood estimation of both models. Across three empirical applications, we show that the models avoid a convergence issue that affects the normal-truncated normal model, and can accommodate a concentration of observations near the frontier similar to zero-inefficiency stochastic frontier models. We provide Python implementations via the package.
Promising stabs in the Dark: theory virtues and pursuit-worthiness in the Dark Energy problem
Authors: Wolf William J. , Duerr Patrick M. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This paper argues that we ought to conceive of the Dark Energy problem—the question of how to account for observational data, naturally interpreted as accelerated expansion of the universe—as a crisis of underdetermined pursuit-worthiness. Not only are the various approaches to the Dark Energy problem evidentially underdetermined; at present, no compelling reasons single out any of them as more likely to be true than the other. More vexingly for working scientists, none of the approaches stands out as uncontroversially preferable over its rivals in terms of its rationally warranted promise, i.e. the reasons to further work on, explore, and develop it. We demonstrate this claim by applying a Peircean economic model of pursuit-worthiness in terms of a cognitive cost/benefit estimate—with the instantiation of theory virtues as key indicators of cognitive gains—to the four main Dark Energy proposals (the cosmological constant approach, modified gravity, quintessence, and inhomogeneous cosmologies). According to our analysis, these approaches do not admit of an unambiguous, or uncontroversial, ranking with respect to which ansatz deserves distinguished attention and research efforts. The overall methodological counsel that our analysis underwrites recommends a pragmatic double research strategy forward: to encourage and foster theory pluralism and the search for tests—with the goal of enhancing the testability of the
$$\Lambda $$
CDM model and “testing it to destruction".
Atrial Fibrillation in Heart Failure: Novel Insights, Challenges, and Treatment Opportunities
Authors: Bidaoui Ghassan , Assaf Ala’ , Marrouche Nassir 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Atrial fibrillation and heart failure frequently co-exist. This review discusses the comorbidity of atrial fibrillation and heart failure, the bi-directional link between them, and the recent advances in the management of these co-existing diseases.

Recent Findings
Catheter ablation received a class 1 A recommendation for patients with AF and HF, after overwhelming evidence in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction and end-stage heart failure, while clinical trials are still lacking in patients with preserved ejection. Guideline-medical therapy of heart failure decreases the incidence of atrial fibrillation and the progression of atrial myopathy.

Summary
Based on the current evidence, management of patients with both HF and AF should be include early optimization of comorbidity control, guideline-medical therapy for heart failure, and rhythm control preferentially through catheter ablation in properly selected patients.
Wie CYPs Medikamente verarbeiten: Einblicke durch innovative Labortechniken
Authors: Ramm Franziska , Schulz Christian , Walter Ruben M. , Zemella Anne 
Published: November 2024

AbstractCytochrome-P450 enzymes (CYPs) represent a major class of enzymes responsible for the metabolism of xenobiotic substances. To assess the role of CYPs in drug metabolism, model systems such as liver cells are used but they harbor a variety of CYPs. Mono-CYP systems were established with a defined CYP activity to study the underlying mechanisms. We utilize a Mono-CYP system based with cell-free protein synthesis. We have shown that this combination enhances the understanding of CYP reactions.
Nanobodies – effektive Immunwaffen gegen Krebs
Authors: Knauer Shirley , Blüggel Mike 
Published: November 2024

AbstractRecently, we attached a nanobody targeting the cancer-relevant protein Survivin to ultrasmall gold nanoparticles. This enabled intracellular uptake, Survivin crosslinking, and interference with cancer cell mitosis. Coupling nanobodies to nanosized scaffolds is universally applicable to improve the function and therapeutic potential of nanobodies in general. Currently, we are developing novel inhibitory nanobodies against Survivin as well as the oncologically relevant Protease Taspase 1.
Die Auswirkung zweier Mikrobiota-Bakterien auf das C. elegans-Proteom
Authors: Pees Barbara , Dierking Katja 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAlthough Chaenorhabditis elegans has been extensively used as a model organism in the laboratory, we know almost nothing about its interaction with naturally associated microbes. Using proteomics, we studied the C. elegans response to two natural Pseudomonas symbionts that protect the roundworms against pathogens. The host response is manifold, involving proteomic changes related to metabolism, pathogen defense, and cell structure, laying the groundwork for exploring mechanisms of microbiota-mediated protection.
Absolute Proteinquantifizierung erlaubt Einblicke in den Proteintransport
Authors: Maaß Sandra 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWith the help of methodological adaptations and suitable protein standards, mass spectrometry can determine the number of protein molecules per cell. This article describes recent developments in absolute protein quantification extending the method to analytically challenging proteins from the cell membrane or the extracellular medium. Finally, the integration of such data leads to information on the speed of protein transport and thus provides new insights into bacterial cell physiology.
ReLo: Analyse direkter Protein-Protein-Interaktionen durch Relokalisation
Authors: Miederer Levi , Jeske Mandy 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWe have developed a cell-based relocalization (ReLo) assay for the detection of direct protein-protein interactions. In the assay, one protein is anchored to a membrane, causing the other protein to relocalize upon interaction. The assay can be used to study the influence of protein domains, post-translational modifications, protein conformations, and effector molecules on interactions. The ReLo assay requires plasmid transfection and fluorescence microscopy and can handle structurally complex proteins.
Dietary transitions in Indonesia: the case of urban, rural, and forested areas
Authors: Nurhasan Mulia , Ariesta Desy Leo , Utami Mia Mustika Hutria , Fahim Mochamad , Aprillyana Nia , Maulana Agus Muhamad , Ickowitz Amy 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis study examines food consumption patterns in Indonesia across urban, rural, and forested areas with varying levels of tree cover loss (TCL). Using household food consumption data from the National Socio-economic Survey in 2008 and 2017, and data from the Global Forest Watch website, we identify differences in food consumption patterns in urban, rural, and forested areas with high and low TCL. The results indicate a dietary transition is occurring in Indonesia, characterized by increased consumption of wheat, chicken, fish, sugar-sweetened beverages, processed, ultra-processed, and ready-to-eat foods, and a decline in the consumption of green leafy vegetables and fresh legumes across all area categories. Diet quality is declining in all area categories, however, urban areas showed the most accelerated decline, with declining dietary diversity, decreasing consumption of healthy foods, while increasing consumption of less healthy foods and the highest consumption of ultra-processed foods. Furthermore, foods consumed more in urban (vs. rural) and high-TCL (vs. low-TCL) areas, such as wheat, broiler chicken, dairy, and packaged foods, are associated with modern diets and sourced from farther away, indicating accelerated modernization and delocalization of diets. Conversely, foods consumed more in rural and low-TCL areas, such as traditional staple foods, free-range eggs, and dark green leafy vegetables, are considered more locally sourced and traditional. We conclude that dietary transitions occur across all regions, but the modernization of diets is more accelerated in urban and high-TCL areas. Given the mixed health consequences of modern diets, policies should anticipate negative impacts while preserving positive aspects.