bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Regional inequalities in comprehensive development in China from 1992 to 2013: Comparative estimation based on statistical and DMSP/OLS data
Authors: Peng Jie , Peng Li , Chen Tiantian , Xia Haoming 
Published: August 2018

AbstractRegional inequality has attracted considerable interest among academics and policy makers. However, few studies have focused on regional inequality in comprehensive development. This study quantitatively estimated the regional inequalities and imbalances in China at multiple scales using gross domestic product (GDP), population, and the inter‐calibrated Defense Meteorological Satellite Program’s Operational Line‐Scan System (DMSP/OLS) nighttime stable light (NSL) data for 1992–2013. The results are as follows. First, the GDP‐derived inequalities exhibited an inverted U‐shaped pattern, while the NSL‐derived continued to decline. Second, for both GDP and NSL data, the inequality within the western region contributed most to the within‐region inequalities, while the eastern region contributed least. Third, the highest inter‐provincial inequality was observed in the developed area, while disparity within the underdeveloped area was the lowest. Finally, at the provincial level, the imbalances in comprehensive development generally decreased from 1992 to 2013. Moreover, a correlation analysis between the GDP‐ and NSL‐derived inequalities showed that there were some similarities in inequalities during 1992–2013, especially in the eastern region. These findings highlight that the regional inequalities in economic development and comprehensive development exhibit different tendencies, and hence it is crucial for both scholars and government to focus on this issue.
Critical corridor talk: Just gossip or stoic resistance? Unrecognised informal Higher Education leadership
Authors: Jameson Jill 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThis mixed methods paper considers whether or not invisible forms of morally resistant collegial leadership are progressively challenging policy and managerial quasi‐market instrumentalism in a minority of low trust dysfunctional situations in a stratified United Kingdom (UK) Higher Education system. A theoretical model of stoical critical corridor talk (CCT) is proposed, arising from selected empirical data and reflective observations in 2005–2017. The data demonstrated that resistant academic critique is increasingly questioning economically driven command and control authoritarianism. The model builds on the concept of critical being to consider whether or not CCT amongst academics provides informal stoical leadership to alleviate stresses exacerbated by poor management. The highly functioning criticality of negative capability facilitates self‐reflexive resistance against the false necessity of supposedly deterministic imperatives to validate policy‐driven audit‐based managerialism. Yet to foster trust, informal leadership needs to practise correct moral principles itself when resisting performativity in dysfunctional environments in which some overstep the acceptable roles of good management.
Synthesis and adsorption properties of nanocrystalline ferrites for kinetic modeling development
Authors: Roman Tiberiu , Asavei Ramona‐Laura , Karkalos Nikolaos E. , Roman Claudiu , Virlan Constantin , Cimpoesu Nicanor , Istrate Bogdan , Zaharia Marius , Markopoulos Angelos P. , Kordatos Konstantinos , Stanciu Sergiu , Pui Aurel 
Published: August 2018

AbstractNanocrystalline ferrites are known to be used in different applications, including industrial wastewater management. For environmental water issues, one of the most widely applied techniques is the adsorption of pollutants. The adsorption capacity of Congo red (CR) dye on different MFe2O4 (M = Co2+, Mg2+, Mn2+, Ni2+, and Zn2+) ferrites, synthesized by coprecipitation method, was determined. Specific isotherms and kinetic models were used to characterize the adsorption process. Interesting results were obtained for MgFe2O4 with adsorption capacity ranging from 39% up to 70% dependent on the initial dye concentration. Furthermore, an artificial intelligence model based on neural network was developed in order to model the adsorption rates followed by the generation of 3D adsorption rate models for each type of synthesized ferrite. These models were obtained in order to provide information about the particle‐dye system`s kinetics at various initial CR concentration. Specific techniques were used to characterize the functionalized magnetic particles.
Realizable recycling of coal fly ash from solid waste for the fabrication of porous Al2TiO5‐Mullite composite ceramic
Authors: Chen Zhiwei , Xu Guogang , Du Huihui , Cui Hongzhi , Zhang Xueying , Zhan Xiaoyuan 
Published: August 2018

AbstractAs the environment deteriorates, recycling of solid waste has become increasingly important. This study aimed to optimize the use of the Fe2O3, SiO2, and CaO components in coal fly ash and to convert coal fly ash into stable porous Al2TiO5‐mullite (AT–M) composite ceramic by sintering with AlOOH and TiO2 additives at high temperatures. The phase composition, microstructure, apparent porosity, corrosion resistance, and mechanical properties of porous AT–M composite ceramics were systematically investigated. Results indicated that the sintered samples exhibited pore size distributions within the 0.16‐2.9 μm, apparent porosities of approximately 52.8%, and flexural strength of 29.6 MPa. Corrosion resistance data revealed quality losses in the aqueous NaOH and H2SO4 solutions for 10 hours at 0.42% and 2.19%, respectively. After corrosion for 8 hours, the average flexural strength of the samples remained at 21.6 ± 0.53 and 20.84 ± 0.6 MPa, respectively. These findings show that these porous AT–M ceramics may provide enhanced corrosion resistance under alkaline conditions. The porous AT–M composite ceramics may fabricate high‐performance composite membrane supports for the high temperature flue gas filtration.
Evaluation of an immunochromatographic strip test for alpha‐thalassaemia screening
Authors: Bunkall Carolyn , Ghallyan Nikhil , Elliott Catherine , Van de Water Neil , Chan George 
Published: August 2018

AbstractIntroductionHb H inclusion test (HbH‐i) commonly used for α‐thalassaemia screening is not standardised and is labour‐intensive. This study evaluated a strip test based on immunochromatographic detection of Hb Bart's (ICT) for use as a routine screening test for α‐thalassaemia screening in the clinical laboratory setting.MethodsThe performance characteristics of the ICT was determined by comparing the results of ICT and HbH‐i on 67 patients, and the α‐globin genotype on 47 of these patients who also had the molecular analysis. Specimen stability was tested on 16 specimens with the ICT repeated after 7 days of storage. The age of babies from which the ICT result becomes valid was determined on 49 samples with patient age ranged from 4 weeks to 12 months.ResultsThe ICT had higher overall sensitivity of 76% compared to 24% for HbH‐i in detecting carriers of α‐thalassaemia mutations, and this is seen in all α‐thalassaemia genotypes. The test could be carried out on specimens stored at 4°C for 7 days and gave valid results with no false positive from the age of 6 months onwards. It required no special technical expertise or equipment and gave the result in less than 5 minutes.ConclusionThe ICT is simple to perform, with higher sensitivity than HbH‐i, and gives the result in a short time and at a lower cost. This can be used by clinical laboratories to replace HbH‐i for α‐thalassaemia detection.
Relationship of BMI z score to fat percent and fat mass in multiethnic prepubertal children
Authors: Wilkes M. , Thornton J. , Horlick M. , Sopher A. , Wang J. , Widen E. M. , Pierson R. , Gallagher D. 
Published: August 2018

SummaryObjectiveThe objective of the study is to examine the validity of body mass index z score (zBMI) as a measure of percent body fat in prepubertal children.MethodsOne hundred eleven multiethnic, healthy, Tanner 1 children aged 6–12 years had fat percent and fat mass measured by the four‐compartment method as part of the Paediatric Rosetta Body Composition Cohort. Multiple regression models were developed with fat percent as the dependent variable and zBMI, age, sex and ethnicity as independent variables.ResultsBody mass index z score predicted fat percent, adjusted for age in both girls (P < 0.001, RMSE 5.67 and R2 0.54) and boys (P < 0.001, RMSE 4.71, R2 0.69). The average model percent error was 20.3% in girls and 21.6% in boys. zBMI2 predicted fat mass when adjusted for age and zBMI in both girls (P < 0.001, RMSE 2.27 and R2 0.82) and boys (P < 0.001, RMSE 2.08 and R2 0.81). The average percent error was 7.2% in girls and 8.7% in boys. Age was associated with percentage body fat (P < 0.01), while ethnicity was not (P > 0.05).ConclusionsGiven the relatively large error in the models, zBMI are not a useful indicator of fat mass in healthy, Tanner 1 children. zBMI2 scores are associated with significantly lower absolute percent errors in girls and boys.
Internally Displaced Persons in Pursuit for Access to Justice: Ukraine
Authors: Krakhmalova Kateryna 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe article focuses on Eastern European region and, specifically, access to justice for the internally displaced persons (IDPs) in Ukraine, who currently form ninth largest group of such forced migrants in the world. It explains the roots and causes of the Ukrainian internal displacement; institutional and legal framework, Ukrainian IDPs operate in; their internal structure, needs and vulnerabilities. Examining access to justice, its dimensions and key components in universal and regional context, it then applies this framework to Ukrainian IDPs’ situation. Facing challenges starting from legal recognition of their IDP status to discrimination in social‐economic sphere, having a limited right to vote and no legal responsibility for violation of their specific rights and freedoms, Ukrainian IDPs have no other recourse but to pursue justice in the national courts. However, justice as result is not often achievable due to a barrier, which arguably, as a matter of policy, has been overlooked.
Telocytes are the physiological counterpart of inflammatory fibroid polyps and PDGFRA‐mutant GISTs
Authors: Ricci Riccardo , Giustiniani Maria Cristina , Gessi Marco , Lanza Paola , Castri Federica , Biondi Alberto , Persiani Roberto , Vecchio Fabio M. , Risio Mauro 
Published: August 2018

AbstractPDGFRA mutations in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract can cause GI stromal tumour (GIST) and inflammatory fibroid polyp (IFP). Hitherto no cell type has been identified as a physiological counterpart of the latter, while interstitial Cajal cells (ICC) are considered the precursor of the former. However, ICC hyperplasia (ICCH), which strongly supports the ICC role in GIST pathogenesis, has been identified in germline KIT‐mutant settings but not in PDGFRA‐mutant ones, challenging the precursor role of ICC for PDGFRA‐driven GISTs. Telocytes are a recently described interstitial cell type, CD34+/PDGFRA+. Formerly considered fibroblasts, they are found in many organs, including the GI tract where they are thought to be involved in neurotransmission. Alongside IFPs and gastric GISTs, GI wall “fibrosis” has been reported in germline PDGFRA‐mutants. Taking the opportunity offered by its presence in a germline PDGFRA‐mutant individual, we demonstrate that this lesion is sustained by hyperplastic telocytes, constituting the PDGFRA‐mutant counterpart of germline KIT mutation‐associated ICCH. Moreover, our findings support a pathogenetic relationship between telocyte hyperplasia and both IFPs and PDGFRA‐mutant GISTs. We propose the term “telocytoma” for defining IFP, as it conveys both the pathogenetic (neoplastic) and histotypic (“telocytary”) essence of this tumour, unlike IFP, which rather evokes an inflammatory‐hyperplastic lesion.
Long non‐coding RNAs in brain tumours: Focus on recent epigenetic findings in glioma
Authors: Pop Sevinci , Enciu Ana‐Maria , Necula Laura G. , Tanase Cristiana 
Published: August 2018

AbstractGlioma biology is a major focus in tumour research, primarily due to the aggressiveness and high mortality rate of its most aggressive form, glioblastoma. Progress in understanding the molecular mechanisms behind poor prognosis of glioblastoma, regardless of treatment approaches, has changed the classification of brain tumours after nearly 100 years of relying on anatomopathological criteria. Expanding knowledge in genetic, epigenetic and translational medicine is also beginning to contribute to further elucidating molecular dysregulation in glioma. Long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and their main representatives, large intergenic non‐coding RNAs (lincRNAs), have recently been under scrutiny in glioma research, revealing novel mechanisms of pathogenesis and reinforcing others. Among those confirmed was the reactivation of events significant for foetal brain development and neuronal commitment. Novel mechanisms of tumour suppression and activation of stem‐like behaviour in tumour cells have also been examined. Interestingly, these processes involve lncRNAs that are present both during normal brain development and in brain malignancies and their reactivation might be explained by epigenetic mechanisms, which we discuss in detail in the present review. In addition, the review discusses the lncRNAs‐induced changes, as well as epigenetic changes that are consequential for tumour formation, affecting, in turn, the expression of various types of lncRNAs.
Effects of leuprorelin for the treatment of recurrent gynecological cancer by assessment including self‐administered quality‐of‐life questionnaire
Authors: Tsubamoto Hiroshi , Ueda Tomoko , Inoue Kayo , Isono‐Nakata Roze , Saeki Shinichiro , Kato Yu , Shibahara Hiroaki 
Published: August 2018

AbstractAimTo investigate the effects of leuprorelin using a self‐administered quality‐of‐life (QOL) questionnaire in patients with recurrent gynecological cancer.MethodsRecords of patients who received 3.75 mg leuprorelin every 4 weeks for the treatment of recurrent gynecological cancer were retrospectively reviewed. The physical domain of the QOL questionnaire, Care Notebook, was used to assess physical symptoms. Symptom deterioration was defined as a ≥10‐point increase in baseline score; otherwise, symptoms were defined as controlled. Radiological and serological responses were evaluated according to the 2011 Gynecological Cancer Intergroup criteria.ResultsFrom 2007 to 2015, 25 patients were administered leuprorelin for the treatment of epithelial ovarian cancer, granulosa cell tumor, endometrial cancer, endometrial stromal sarcoma and clear cell cervical cancer (in 13, 3, 6, 2 and 1 patients, respectively). Twenty patients had received a median of three lines (range 1–12 lines) of chemotherapy. Ten patients had progressive disease during their previous round of chemotherapy. Twenty patients completed the questionnaire every 4 weeks. Following leuprorelin treatment for 8 weeks, the symptom and disease control rates were 65% (13/20) and 44% (11/25), respectively. Two patients, one each with granulosa cell tumor and endometrial cancer, had stable disease at 6 months. Among the 20 patients who completed the QOL questionnaire, symptom control and disease control at 8 weeks showed a significant correlation (P = 0.016).ConclusionLeuprorelin had minimal anticancer activity. The physical domain of the QOL questionnaire could be used to assess effects of hormonal treatment.
Risk of nutritional deficiencies for dogs on a weight loss plan
Authors: Gaylord L. , Remillard R. , Saker K. 
Published: August 2018

ObjectivesTo determine how general practice veterinarians make weight loss recommendations for dogs and if nutrients become deficient when following these recommendations.Materials and MethodsA questionnaire of general practice veterinarians was conducted to characterise weight loss recommendations made to clients. Using this data, progressive levels of caloric restriction were applied to top‐selling commercial non‐therapeutic adult maintenance diets and non‐therapeutic weight management diets. Nutrient intakes were compared to the National Research Council's Recommended Allowances for metabolic body weight using a theoretical current weight and ideal body weight for an obese dog. Nutrient intakes were also compared to recommendations from the Association of American Feed Control Officials using current body weight.ResultsSeveral nutrients were found at risk of deficiency, including choline, methionine, cysteine, selenium, eicosapentanoic acid, docosahexanoic acid, riboflavin, pantothenic acid and cobalamin in both non‐therapeutic adult maintenance diets and non‐therapeutic weight management diets.Clinical SignificanceCaution is warranted when making weight loss recommendations using commercial diets until further research on the nutrient needs of obese dogs undergoing weight loss is undertaken. Restriction of commercial diets to achieve weight loss in dogs may result in nutrient deficiencies.
Optimization of Temporary Debris Management Site Selection and Site Service Regions for Enhancing Postdisaster Debris Removal Operations
Authors: Wang Zhaojing , Hu Hao , Guo Mengyang , Gong Jie 
Published: August 2018

AbstractTemporary debris management sites (TDMSs) are often established after large‐scale natural disaster to expedite waste removal. However, uses of these sites inevitably increase debris removal cost due to double handling of waste. How to select the quantity of TDMSs to optimize the trade‐off between the recycling benefits and debris removal cost is a critical issue in debris management. Previous studies focused primarily on initial geographical analyses of TDMSs or the debris removal optimization given known TDMS locations and quantities. This article proposes a multiobjective mixed integer linear optimization method to optimize debris removal with a particular focus on TDMS selection and to pursue the minimum debris removal cost, total processing time, and environmental influence. A case study with four scenarios was conducted to test the validity of the proposed approach. Numerical results indicate that a maximum reduction of 33.27% in removal time, a maximum reduction of 37.07% in cost, and a maximum increase of 33.60% in recycle profits can be achieved when the time, cost, and recycle profit objective are solely pursued compared to other studied scenarios, respectively. The findings of this study contribute to better decision making in debris removal operations after major natural disasters.
Three Rival Versions of Monetary Enquiry: Symbol, Treasure, Token
Authors: Hadas Edward 
Published: August 2018

AbstractIn the human imagination, money is a symbol of many things, from base and alienated labour to individual freedom and social power. In the organisation of society, money is a treasure that breaks the limits of time. In the economy of labour and consumption, money is no more than a functional token. The move from symbol through treasure to token is a typically modern story of ever greater cultural disenchantment and every greater functional success. Fortunately, the conflicting narratives of money do not lead to the interminable mutual incomprehension of conflicting approaches to morality. If anything, the de-mystification of money has helped create spiritual opportunities.
Acetaminophen, ibuprofen, and tramadol analgesic interactions after adenotonsillectomy
Authors: Hannam Jacqueline A. , Anderson Brian J. , Potts Amanda 
Published: August 2018

SummaryBackgroundThe impact of tramadol in children given acetaminophen‐ibuprofen combination therapy is uncertain in acute pediatric pain management. A model describing the interaction between these three drugs would be useful to understand the role of supplemental analgesic therapy.MethodsChildren undergoing tonsillectomy were given oral paracetamol and ibuprofen perioperatively. Blood was taken for paracetamol and ibuprofen drug assay on up to six occasions over 6 h after the initial dose. Tramadol was administered by caregivers for unacceptable postoperative pain. Pain was measured using the Parent's Postoperative Pain Measurement rating two hourly on the first postoperative day. A first‐order absorption, one‐compartment linear model with first‐order elimination was used to describe acetaminophen and ibuprofen disposition. Analgesia was described using an EMAX model extended for three drugs, assuming additive effects. Curve fitting was performed using nonlinear mixed effects models.ResultsPharmacodynamic parameter estimates, expressed using fractional Hill equation, were maximum effect (EMAX) 0.65 (95%CI 0.54, 0.74), the concentration of acetaminophen associated with 50% of the maximal drug effect (C50,ACET) 7.06 (95%CI 7.03, 7.72) mg/L, and the ibuprofen C50 (C50,IBU) 3.95 (95%CI 2.57, 7.53) mg/L. The Hill coefficient was 1.48 (95%CI 0.92, 2.62) and an interaction term was fixed at zero (additivity). The half‐time (t1/2keo) for equilibration between the plasma and effect site was 0.34 hour (95%CI 0.23, 1.98) for acetaminophen and 1.04 hour (95%CI 0.75, 1.77) for ibuprofen. Tramadol had a C50,TRAM of 0.07 (95%CI 0.048, 1.07) mg/L with a t1/2keo,TRAM 1.78 hour (95%CI 1.06, 1.96).ConclusionIbuprofen has an EC50 for analgesia in children similar to that of adults (3.95 mg/L; 95%CI 2.57‐7.53, vs 5‐10 mg/L adults). The maximum effect from combination therapy (ie, 65% reduction in pain score) achieves satisfactory analgesia with commonly used doses but increased dose adds little additional benefit. The addition of tramadol to this analgesic mixture prolongs analgesia duration.
Firearm Ownership, Means Safety, and Suicidality
Authors: Anestis Michael D. , Daruwala Samantha , Capron Daniel W. 
Published: August 2018

ObjectiveMeans safety interventions are effective at reducing suicide rates. This study examined beliefs about firearm ownership or storage and suicide risk, lifetime suicidal thoughts, and openness to means safety.MethodA community sample of 107 American adult firearm owners (51.4% male; 82.2% White; mage = 37.46) completed a series of self‐report questionnaires via Amazon's Mechanical Turk.ResultsHierarchical linear regressions indicated that beliefs regarding firearm ownership or storage were associated with openness to means safety measures to prevent a suicide attempt by someone else, but not to prevent one's own suicide attempt. Additionally, results from analyses of covariance indicated that firearm owners with lifetime ideation had stronger beliefs regarding the association between firearm ownership or storage and suicide risk.ConclusionsFindings indicate firearm owners’ willingness to engage in means safety may be influenced by the degree to which they believe firearm storage is associated with suicide. Furthermore, firearm owners with prior suicide ideation are more open to the idea that firearm ownership and storage are related to suicide risk. Viewing suicide as salient to one's own life may serve as a focal point in efforts to increase openness to means safety among firearm owners.