bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
АНАЛІЗ СЕГМЕНТА ФІТОПРЕПАРАТІВ ДЛЯ ЛІКУВАННЯ ХВОРОБ ШЛУНКОВО-КИШКОВОГО ТРАКТУ НА ФАРМАЦЕВТИЧНОМУ РИНКУ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: Shulga L. I. , Bezkrovna K. S. , Beztsenna T. S. 
Published: April 2018

Мета роботи. Дослідити сегмент лікарських засобів рослинного походження на вітчизняному фармацевтичному ринку, які застосовуються для лікування окремих захворювань шлунково-кишкового тракту для встановлення доцільності розробки нового фітопрепарату.Матеріали і методи. У роботі використано перелік лікарських засобів за офіційними джерелами інформації, який опрацьовували методами узагальнення, систематизації, графічним, порівняльного та структурного аналізу.Результати й обговорення. Проведено аналіз фармацевтичного ринку України щодо асортименту зареєстрованих лікарських засобів рослинного походження для лікування хвороб шлунково-кишкового тракту. Здійснено структуризацію відібраного переліку лікарських засобів за АТС-класифікацією і встановлено належність їх більшості до фармакотерапевтичної групи А16АХ – «Різні препарати». За виробничою ознакою – більшість лікарських засобів вітчизняного виробництва (86,49 %). Встановлено незначне превалювання однокомпонентних фітопрепаратів. Визначено, що за агрегатним станом найбільш широко представлені лікарські засоби у вигляді твердих лікарських форм (67,57 %), вагома частка яких – фасована лікарська рослинна сировина.Висновки. Досліджено сегмент лікарських засобів рослинного походження на фармацевтичному ринку України, які призначені для лікування хвороб шлунково-кишкового тракту. Відповідно до результатів аналізу переліку фітопрепаратів за АТС-класифікацією, виробничою ознакою, кількістю діючих речовин та лікарською формою побудовано макроконтур вивченого сегмента. Незважаючи на присутність на фармацевтичному ринку пропозицій лікарських засобів рослинного походження для лікування різних захворювань шлунково-кишкового тракту, спостерігається обмеженість асортименту препаратів на основі виділених із лікарської рослинної сировини рослинних субстанцій, що є підставою для пошуку перспективної лікарської рослинної сировини для створення нових рослинних субстанцій та подальшої розробки ліків на їх основі.
ДО 80-РІЧЧЯ ВИДАТНОГО ВЧЕНОГО, ПЕДАГОГА ТА ГРОМАДСЬКОГО ДІЯЧА ІВАНА АНТОНОВИЧА МАЗУРА
Authors: Chemistry Department of Pharmaceutical 
Published: April 2018

У статті висвітлюються основні наукові здобутки професора Запорізького медичного університету професора Івана Мазура, відзначено його вагому роль у розвитку фармації України в цілому і фармацевтичної освіти, зокрема.
Pulmonary Capillary Wedge Pressure Patterns During Exercise Predict Exercise Capacity and Incident Heart Failure
Authors: Eisman Aaron S. , Shah Ravi V. , Dhakal Bishnu P. , Pappagianopoulos Paul P. , Wooster Luke , Bailey Cole , Cunningham Thomas F. , Hardin, Kathryn M. , Baggish Aaron L. , Ho Jennifer E. , Malhotra Rajeev , Lewis Gregory D. 
Published: April 2018

Background:
Single measurements of left ventricular filling pressure at rest lack sensitivity for identifying heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) in patients with dyspnea on exertion. We hypothesized that exercise hemodynamic measurements (ie, changes in pulmonary capillary wedge pressure [PCWP] indexed to cardiac output [CO]) may more sensitively differentiate HFpEF and non-HFpEF disease states, reflect aerobic capacity, and forecast heart failure outcomes in individuals with normal PCWP at rest.

Methods and Results:

We studied 175 patients referred for cardiopulmonary exercise testing with hemodynamic monitoring: controls (n=33), HFpEF with resting PCWP≥15 mm Hg (n=32), and patients with dyspnea on exertion with normal resting PCWP and left ventricular ejection fraction (DOE-nlrW; n=110). Across 1835 paired PCWP-CO measurements throughout exercise, we used regression techniques to define normative bounds of “PCWP/CO slope” in controls and tested the association of PCWP/CO slope with exercise capacity and composite cardiac outcomes (defined as cardiac death, incident resting PCWP elevation, or heart failure hospitalization) in the DOE-nlrW group. Relative to controls (PCWP/CO slope, 1.2±0.4 mm Hg/L/min), patients with HFpEF had a PCWP/CO slope of 3.4±1.9 mm Hg/L/min. We used a threshold (2 SD above the mean in controls) of 2 mm Hg/L/min to define abnormal. PCWP/CO slope >2 in DOE-nlrW patients was common (n=45/110) and was associated with reduced peak V
o
2
(
P
<0.001) and adverse cardiac outcomes after adjustment for age, sex, and body mass index (hazard ratio, 3.47;
P
=0.03) at a median 5.3-year follow-up.

Conclusions:
Elevated PCWP/CO slope during exercise (>2 mm Hg/L/min) is common in DOE-nlrW and predicts exercise capacity and heart failure outcomes. These findings suggest that current definitions of HFpEF based on single measures during rest are insufficient and that assessment of exercise PCWP/CO slope may refine early HFpEF diagnosis.
Causes of the Uncertainty in Projections of Tropical Terrestrial Rainfall Change: East Africa
Authors: Rowell David P. , Chadwick Robin 
Published: April 2018

AbstractUnderstanding the causes of regional climate projection uncertainty is a critical component toward establishing reliability of these projections. Here, four complementary experimental and decomposition techniques are synthesized to begin to understand which mechanisms differ most between models. These tools include a variety of multimodel ensembles, a decomposition of rainfall into tropics-wide or region-specific processes, and a separation of within-domain versus remote contributions to regional model projection uncertainty. Three East African regions are identified and characterized by spatially coherent intermodel projection behavior, which interestingly differs from previously identified regions of coherent interannual behavior. For the “Short Rains” regions, uncertainty in projected seasonal mean rainfall change is primarily due to uncertainties in the regional response to both the uniform and pattern components of SST warming (but not uncertainties in the global mean warming itself) and a small direct CO2 impact. These primarily derive from uncertain regional dynamics over both African and remote regions, rather than globally coherent (thermo)dynamics. For the “Long Rains” region, results are similar, except that uncertain atmospheric responses to a fixed SST pattern change are a little less important, and some key regional uncertainties are primarily located beyond Africa. The latter reflects the behavior of two outlying models that experience exceptional warming in the southern subtropical oceans, from which large lower-tropospheric moisture anomalies are advected by the mean flow to contribute to exceptional increases in the Long Rains totals. Further research could lead to a useful assessment of the reliability of these exceptional projections.
Analysis of orthopedic surgery of patients with metastatic bone tumors and pathological fractures
Authors: Sevimli Resit , Korkmaz Mehmet Fatih 
Published: April 2018

Objective This study was performed to determine the most common causes, locations, and treatments of metastasizing primary tumors through evaluation of patients with metastatic bone tumors who were admitted to our clinic. Methods In total, 96 patients with metastatic bone tumors who were admitted to our clinic from 2000 to 2016 were included in the study. Results The breast (30 patients, 31.3%) and lung (18 patients, 18.8%) were the most commonly metastasized primary organs. The femur was the most commonly metastasized bone. Conclusions Bone tumors in patients of advanced age are, unless otherwise proven, considered to be metastatic, and the development of specific diagnostic and treatment algorithms is needed. Clinicians should attempt to improve the general condition of patients with tumors exhibiting bone metastasis to increase the patients’ quality of life by providing early mobilization. Thus, appropriate patient selection and proper internal fixation are essential.
Creation of a restrictive atrial communication in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH): effective palliation of syncope and end‐stage heart failure
Authors: Bauer Anna , Khalil Markus , Schmidt Dorle , Bauer Jürgen , Esmaeili Anoosh , Apitz Christian , Voelkel Norbert F. , Schranz Dietmar 
Published: April 2018

Atrial septostomy (AS) is recommended for pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH)‐associated right ventricular (RV) failure, recurrent syncope, or pulmonary hypertensive crisis (PHC). We aimed to evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of AS to manage PAH from infancy to adulthood. From June 2009 to December 2016, transcatheter atrial communications were created in 11 PAH patients (4 girls/women; median age = 4.3 years; range = 33 days–26 years; median body weight = 14 kg; range = 3–71 kg; NYHA‐/Ross class IV; n = 11). PAH was classified as idiopathic (n = 6) or secondary (n = 5). History of syncope was dominant (n = 6); two with patent foramen ovale (PFO) admitted with recurrent PHC, three patients required resuscitation before AS. Three patients had PAH‐associated low cardiac output. The average pulmonary arterial pressures (PAP systolic/diastolic) were 101/50 (±34/23); the corresponding systemic arterial pressures (SAP) were 99/54 (±23/11); and the mean ratio of PAPd / SAPd was 0.97 (±0.4). Percutaneous trans‐septal puncture was uneventfully performed in nine patients; a PFO was dilated in two patients. There was no procedure‐related mortality. The median balloon size was 10 mm (range = 6–14 mm); the mean catheter time was 174.6 ± 48 min; fluoroscopy time was 19.8 (±11) min. Syncope and PHC were successfully treated in all patients. The mean arterial oxygen saturation decreased from 97 ± 2 to 89 ± 11.7. One patient died awaiting lung transplantation, one continues to be listed; two patients received a reverse Potts‐shunt, one patient died during follow‐up; seven patients are stable with PAH‐specific treatment. Percutaneous AS is an effective method palliating PAH‐associated syncope, PHCs or right (bi‐) ventricular heart failure.
Corticosteroids and Other Anti-Inflammatory Strategies in Pediatric Heart Surgery: A National Survey of Practice
Authors: Fudulu Daniel P. , Schadenberg Alvin , Gibbison Ben , Jenkins Ian , Lightman Stafford , Angelini Gianni D. , Stoica Serban 
Published: April 2018

Background: The role of steroids to mitigate the deleterious effects of pediatric cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) remains a matter of debate; therefore, we aimed to assess preferences in administering corticosteroids (CSs) and the use of other anti-inflammatory strategies in pediatric cardiac surgery. Methods: A 19-question survey was distributed to consultants in pediatric cardiac anesthesia from 12 centers across the United Kingdom and Ireland. Results: Of the 37 respondents (37/60, 62%), 24 (65%) use CSs, while 13 (35%) do not use steroids at all. We found variability within 5 (41%) of the 12 centers. Seven consultants (7/24, 29%) administer CSs in every case, while 17 administer CSs in selected cases only (17/24, 71%). There was variability in the dose of steroid administration. Almost all consultants (23/24, 96%) administer a single dose at induction, and one administers a two-dose regimen (1/24, 4%). There was variability in CS indications. Most consultants (24/37, 66%) use modified ultrafiltration at the conclusion of CPB. Fifteen consultants (15/32, 47%) report the use of aprotinin, while only 3 use heparin-coated circuits (3/24, 9%). Conclusions: We found wide variability in practice in the administration of CSs for pediatric cardiac surgery, both within and between units. While most anesthetists administer CSs in at least some cases, there is no consensus on the type of steroid, the dose, and at which patient groups this should be directed. Modified ultrafiltration is still used by most of the centers. Almost half of consultants use aprotinin, while heparin-coated circuits are infrequently used.
Pierre Robin Sequence: Cost-Analysis and Qualitative Assessment of 89 Patients at the Hospital for Sick Children
Authors: Lee Matthew , Ho Emily S. , Forrest Christopher R. 
Published: April 2018

Introduction: Children with Pierre Robin sequence (PRS) have a complex clinical presentation and requires many health-care providers. Thus, multiple clinical pathways have been proposed on how to manage this population, with some opting for conservative measures while others opting for a surgical approach. However, no consensus has been reached on the most appropriate protocol. Objective: To present the treatment protocol for PRS at the Hospital for Sick Children. This will be evaluated through a qualitative examination of the approach from the patient’s perspective, and a micro-costing analysis of the financial aspects of providing care. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted to evaluate infants who were admitted with PRS and failure to thrive from January 2004 to December 2015. This was followed by a micro-costing analysis to evaluate the cost of the management protocol. Finally, a qualitative evaluation of the parent’s perspective was done. Results: Eighty-nine patients were admitted with failure to thrive during the study period. Fourteen patients underwent surgical management. Fourteen patients required readmission for airway or feeding issues secondary to PRS. The average cost per patient was Can$105 996. With regard to the qualitative evaluation, key themes that were generated included stress upon hospital admission, variable methods of understanding PRS, good level of communication with the team, excellent hospital process, and challenging transition home. Conclusion: These results will aid in the continual evolution of a protocol and provide important information on PRS to both families and centers that manage these children.
Phase 1 study of the PI3Kδ inhibitor INCB040093 ± JAK1 inhibitor itacitinib in relapsed/refractory B-cell lymphoma
Authors: Phillips Tycel J. , Forero-Torres Andres , Sher Taimur , Diefenbach Catherine S. , Johnston Patrick , Talpaz Moshe , Pulini Jennifer , Zhou Li , Scherle Peggy , Chen Xuejun , Barr Paul M. 
Published: April 2018

Key PointsINCB040093 was active across lymphoma subtypes, and the addition of itacitinib provided substantial activity in classic Hodgkin lymphoma. INCB040093 ± itacitinib had a manageable safety and tolerability profile; severe hepatic adverse effects were less common with the combination.
Real-world outcomes in hereditary angioedema: first experience from the Icatibant Outcome Survey in the United Kingdom
Authors: Longhurst Hilary J. , Dempster John , Lorenzo Lorena , Buckland Matthew , Grigoriadou Sofia , Symons Christine , Bethune Claire , Fabien Vincent , Bangs Catherine , Garcez Tomaz 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Background
Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is a potentially life-threatening, bradykinin-mediated disease, often misdiagnosed and under-treated, with long diagnostic delays. There are limited real-world data on best-practice management of HAE in the UK.

Objectives
To characterize the clinical profile, management and outcomes of patients with HAE type I and II from three specialist centres in the UK using data from the Icatibant Outcome Survey (IOS; Shire, Zug, Switzerland), an international observational study monitoring safety and effectiveness of icatibant, a selective bradykinin B2 receptor antagonist.

Methods
We performed retrospective analyses of IOS data for patients with HAE type I and II from three centres in the UK and compared UK data with pooled IOS data from 10 countries (48 centres).

Results
Analyses included 73 UK and 579 non-UK patients with HAE type I or II. Median diagnostic delay was 6.2 and 5.9 years, respectively. Analysis of data collected from February 2008 to July 2016 included 286 icatibant-treated attacks in 58 UK patients and 2553 icatibant-treated attacks in 436 non-UK patients (median of 3.0 attacks per patient in both groups). More attacks were treated by icatibant self-administration in UK patients (95.8%) than in non-UK patients (86.8%, p < 0.001). Time to icatibant treatment, time to resolution and attack duration were not significantly different in the UK versus non-UK patients.

Conclusion
UK patients from the specialist centres studied report similar diagnostic delay and similar icatibant treatment outcomes to their non-UK counterparts. However, improvements in the timely diagnosis of HAE are still required.
Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01034969
Serum periostin levels following small bone fractures, long bone fractures and joint replacements: an observational study
Authors: Varughese Rachel , Semprini Ruth , Munro Claire , Fingleton James , Holweg Cecile , Weatherall Mark , Beasley Richard , Braithwaite Irene 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Background
In asthma, serum periostin may potentially be used as a biomarker in the management of patients with Type-2 eosinophilic airway inflammation. However, serum periostin may be influenced by factors other than Type 2 inflammation, potentially confounding its interpretation. We aimed to measure change in periostin following bone injury.

Methods
102 adults without asthma were recruited into three groups: joint replacement surgery, long bone fracture, short bone fracture. Participants underwent seven measurements of serum periostin over 26 weeks after bone injury, and prior to surgery in the joint replacement group. Differences in periostin were measured using a ratio of geometric mean (RGM), with comparison made with pre-surgery (joint replacement) or 26 week (long and short fracture) reference measurements.

Results
In the joint replacement group, periostin fell within 48 h (RGM 0.80, 95% CI 0.75–0.86), then increased to a maximum at 8 weeks (RGM 1.89, 1.77–2.02) and by 26 weeks remained above the reference measurement (RGM 1.27, 1.19–1.36). In the long bone fracture group, periostin was reduced at 48 h (RGM 0.76, 0.71–0.83) and then progressively increased to a maximum at 8 weeks (RGM 1.15, 1.06–1.23) compared with the reference measurement. In the short bone fracture group, periostin was reduced at 48 h (RGM 0.9, 0.85–0.95) but was not different from after week 1 compared with the reference measurement.

Conclusions
Serum periostin levels are influenced by bone injury. The timing and extent of bone injury needs consideration if periostin is used as a biomarker in the management of eosinophilic asthma.
Trial registration This trial was prospectively registered with the Australia New Zealand Trials Registry on Feb 7 2014, (ACTRN12614000151639: https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=363881).
Estimating the burden of antimicrobial resistance: a systematic literature review
Authors: Naylor Nichola R. , Atun Rifat , Zhu Nina , Kulasabanathan Kavian , Silva Sachin , Chatterjee Anuja , Knight Gwenan M. , Robotham Julie V. 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Background
Accurate estimates of the burden of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) are needed to establish the magnitude of this global threat in terms of both health and cost, and to paramaterise cost-effectiveness evaluations of interventions aiming to tackle the problem. This review aimed to establish the alternative methodologies used in estimating AMR burden in order to appraise the current evidence base.

Methods
MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, EconLit, PubMed and grey literature were searched. English language studies evaluating the impact of AMR (from any microbe) on patient, payer/provider and economic burden published between January 2013 and December 2015 were included. Independent screening of title/abstracts followed by full texts was performed using pre-specified criteria. A study quality score (from zero to one) was derived using Newcastle-Ottawa and Philips checklists. Extracted study data were used to compare study method and resulting burden estimate, according to perspective. Monetary costs were converted into 2013 USD.

Results
Out of 5187 unique retrievals, 214 studies were included. One hundred eighty-seven studies estimated patient health, 75 studies estimated payer/provider and 11 studies estimated economic burden. 64% of included studies were single centre. The majority of studies estimating patient or provider/payer burden used regression techniques. 48% of studies estimating mortality burden found a significant impact from resistance, excess healthcare system costs ranged from non-significance to $1 billion per year, whilst economic burden ranged from $21,832 per case to over $3 trillion in GDP loss. Median quality scores (interquartile range) for patient, payer/provider and economic burden studies were 0.67 (0.56-0.67), 0.56 (0.46-0.67) and 0.53 (0.44-0.60) respectively.

Conclusions
This study highlights what methodological assumptions and biases can occur dependent on chosen outcome and perspective. Currently, there is considerable variability in burden estimates, which can lead in-turn to inaccurate intervention evaluations and poor policy/investment decisions. Future research should utilise the recommendations presented in this review.

Trial registration
This systematic review is registered with PROSPERO (PROSPERO CRD42016037510).
Mortality risk after clinical management of recurrent and metastatic adenoid cystic carcinoma
Authors: Xu Melody J. , Wu Tara J. , van Zante Annemieke , El-Sayed Ivan H. , Algazi Alain P. , Ryan William R. , Ha Patrick K. , Yom Sue S. 
Published: April 2018

Background Management of locoregional recurrence (LRR) and distant metastasis (DM) in adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is guided by limited data. We investigated mortality risks in patients diagnosed and treated for recurrent ACC. Methods A retrospective review of ACC patients treated from 1989 to 2016 identified 36 patients with LRR or DM. High-risk disease was defined as skull base involvement (for LRR) or International Registry of Lung Metastases Group III/IV or extrapulmonary site of metastasis (for DM). Kaplan-Meier method, log-rank tests, and Cox proportional hazards were used for time-to-event analysis. Results Among 20 LRR and 16 DM patients, the median times to recurrence were 51 and 50 months, respectively. The median follow-up post-recurrence was 37.5 months (interquartile range (IQR)16.5–56.5). Post-recurrence 3-year overall survival (OS) was 78.5%, 73.3% for LRR and 85.1% for DM ( p = 0.62). High-risk recurrences were associated with worse 3-year OS (68.8% for high-risk and 92.3% for low-risk, χ2 = 10.4, p = 0.001). Among LRR patients, 90% had surgery as part of their treatment. Multimodality therapy, age, and histopathologic features (size, margins, solid histology, lymphovascular or perineural invasion) were not associated with PFS or OS. High-risk LRR was the only variable associated with OS (χ2 = 5.9, p = 0.01). Among DM patients, six were initially managed with observation and ten received surgery, RT, or systemic therapy. Upfront therapy was not associated with improved PFS or OS. High-risk DM was the only variable associated with OS (χ2 = 4.7, p = 0.03). Conclusions High-risk LRR and DM were associated with decreased 3-year OS. More effective therapies are needed for high-risk ACC recurrences.