bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Estimating historical impacts of vaccination against influenza B/Yamagata in the United States to inform possible risks of re-emergence in the absence of vaccination
Authors: Morris Sinead E. , Mathis Sarabeth M. , Chung Jessie R. , Flannery Brendan , O’Halloran Alissa , Bozio Catherine H. , Lu Peng-Jun , Santibanez Tammy A. , Daly Peter , Merced-Morales Angiezel , Kniss Krista , Budd Alicia , Grohskopf Lisa A. , Reed Carrie , Biggerstaff Matthew , Iuliano A. Danielle 
Published: October 2024

AbstractInfluenza B/Yamagata viruses have not been detected globally since 2020 and will be removed from U.S. 2024/25 seasonal influenza vaccines. We inferred impacts of vaccination against B/Yamagata from 2016/17–2019/20 by combining B/Yamagata prevalence data with model-based estimates of disease burden prevented by vaccination against all influenza B viruses. B/Yamagata comprised approximately 16–22% of positive virus specimens in 2016/17 and 2017/18, compared to 1% in 2018/19 and 2019/20. Across all seasons, we estimated that vaccination against B/Yamagata prevented 4.15 million illnesses, 58,500 hospitalizations, and 4,070 deaths, and that 22.9 million B/Yamagata-associated illnesses, 340,000 hospitalizations, and 25,100 deaths would have occurred without vaccination. Vaccination prevented the most B/Yamagata hospitalizations among adults ≥65 years but prevented the greatest percentage of B/Yamagata hospitalizations among children 6 months–4 years. Our results may help assess the potential impact if B/Yamagata were to recirculate in the absence of vaccination.
λ
and
ρ
Regge trajectories for hidden bottom and charm tetraquarks
(Qq)(Q¯q¯′)
Authors: Xie Jia-Qi , Song He , Feng Xia , Chen Jiao-Kai 
Published: October 2024

We propose the Regge trajectory relations for the heavy tetraquarks (Qq)(Q¯q¯′) (Q=b,c;q,q′=u,d,s) with hidden bottom and charm. By employing the new relations, both the λ-trajectories and the ρ-trajectories for the tetraquarks (Qq)(Q¯q¯′) can be discussed. The masses of the λ-mode excited states and the ρ-mode excited states are estimated, and they agree with other theoretical predictions. We show that the behaviors of the ρ-trajectories are different from those of the λ-trajectories. The ρ-trajectories behave as M∼xρ1/2 (xρ=nr,l) while the λ-trajectories behave as M∼xλ2/3 (xλ=Nr,L). Moreover, the Regge trajectory behaviors for other types of tetraquarks are investigated based on the spinless Salpeter equation. We show that both the λ-trajectories and the ρ-trajectories are concave downward in the (M2,x) plane. The Regge trajectories for the tetraquarks containing the light diquark and/or the light antidiquark also are concave in the (M2,x) plane when the masses of the light constituents are included and the confining potential is linear.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Information literate students are more engaged and successful: role of information literacy in higher education
Authors: Mughari Shahzeb , Naveed Muhammad Asif , Rafique Ghulam Murtaza 
Published: October 2024

PurposeThis research examined the effect of information literacy (IL) on academic engagement (AE), cognitive engagement (CE) and academic performance among business students in Pakistan.Design/methodology/approachA cross-sectional survey was conducted to collect data from business students, recruited through a proportionate stratified convenient sampling technique, of the top 13 business institutions in Pakistan. The questionnaire was personally administered by visiting each institution with permission for data collection. A total of 554 responses were received and analyzed using the partial least squire-structural equation modeling approach.FindingsThe results exhibited that these business students perceived themselves as information literate. Furthermore, IL of business students appeared to predict positively their AE, CE and academic performance.Research limitations/implicationsThese results provided empirical and pragmatic insights for business educators, business librarians and accreditation bodies about IL effectiveness in academia. These findings may also inform policy and practice for IL instruction programs being carried out in business-related educational institutions not only in Pakistan but also in other countries of South Asia as they share similar characteristics.Originality/valueThis research would be a great contribution to the existing literature on IL, especially in the academic context as the interrelationship between IL, AE, CE and academic performance has not been investigated so far.
Habitat dimensionality and feeding strategies but not temperature as determinants of body size‐trophic structure relationship in a marine food web
Authors: Leoni Valentina , Franco‐Trecu Valentina , Scarabino Fabrizio , Sampognaro Lia , Rodríguez‐Graña Laura , Segura Angel Manuel 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Disentangling the determinants of trophic structure is central to ecology. The capacity to capture subjugate and consume a prey (i.e. gape limitation) is a relevant limitation to acquire energy for most organisms, especially those in smaller size ranges. This generates a size hierarchy of trophic positions in which large organisms consume small ones. Body size is tightly correlated to gape limitation and explains a large fraction of variance in the body size‐trophic position relationship. However, a considerable fraction of variance still remains to be explained. Consumer search space dimensionality (2D or 3D) and feeding strategies, temperature and the size structure of primary producers can alter the trophic structure, but tests based on information from natural food webs are scarce.

We generated specific predictions about the body size trophic position relationship and evaluated them using information from a subtropical South Atlantic coastal marine ecosystem: benthic realm (2D, rocky shore and sandy beach) and the pelagic realm (3D). We characterized this marine coastal food web based on stable isotopes of carbon and nitrogen from 256 samples from primary producers (macroalgae and phytoplankton) to large predators (sand shark) in summer and winter. Consumer body size encompassed six orders of magnitude in weight from 10−2 to 6 × 104 g.

Isotopic signal corresponded to an integration of carbon sources from basal consumers to top predators. The body size‐trophic position relationship showed a linear positive association with different slopes for the benthic and pelagic environments. This implies a smaller predator prey size ratio for pelagic (3D) with respect to benthic consumers (2D) as theoretically expected. No seasonal differences were found in slopes and most of the overall variance in benthic environments was largely explained by feeding strategies of the different taxonomic groups.

We provide an integrated evaluation on the role of body size, consumer search space and feeding strategy to understand the determinants of trophic position.

Results demonstrate that integrating gape limitation hypothesis, the dimensionality of consumer search space and feeding strategies into a formal robust framework to understand trophic structure is feasible even in complex natural ecosystems.
Acting on three arenas: A multidimensional approach to understanding ministerial turnover
Authors: Nielsen Peter Heyn , Hansen Martin Ejnar 
Published: October 2024

AbstractUnderstanding why cabinet ministers are terminated early is still underexplored. Most existing studies focus on performance on one arena. We argue that ministers operate in many different arenas and to fully understand the complex nature of ministerial termination we need to consider ministers' performance in several arenas and their relation to one another. We focus ministers' performance in three arenas; the public/electoral, the parliamentary and the cabinet. We test our argument on over 40 years of ministerial turnover in Denmark. Our results show that ministers' performance in all three arenas each have an effect on ministerial turnover (mostly the parliamentary). Moreover, adding interaction terms in our statistical models between ministers' performance in these different arenas affect the impact hereof on ministerial turnover. Our findings show the need to engage more with the competing arenas in which ministers perform to increase our understanding of ministerial turnover.
Handling finding counts in handwriting analysis – Avoiding the overrepresentation of unusual writing scenarios
Authors: Berty Rolf 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn forensic handwriting analysis, it is crucial to understand the relative frequencies of findings relevant to the specific author, especially when using statistical methods. These are factored into the likelihoods used to determine the probabilities for the different authorship hypotheses. However, if ad hoc writings are included in the comparison materials, the representation of a comparison writer's habits can be distorted. An overrepresentation of certain creation time points can be avoided by treating ad hoc series of comparison writing samples as internally homogeneous agglomerates, incorporating only a single value per series into the average relative frequency of a given finding for a comparison writer. Additionally, the proposed approach produces finding counts largely independent of the length of the handwriting sample, which has a positive impact on the efficiency and cost‐effectiveness of the expert evaluation.
Nondestructive freshness prediction of large yellow croaker (Pseudosciaena crocea) using computer vision and machine learning techniques based on pupil color
Authors: Wu Xudong , Zhang Qingxiang , Wang Zhiqiang , Wang Zongmin , Yan Hongbo , Zhu Lanlan , Chang Jie 
Published: October 2024

AbstractConventional methods for evaluating of fish freshness based on physiological and biochemical methods are often destructive, complicated, and costly. This study aimed to predict the freshness of large yellow croaker which was sampled every second day in 9 consecutive days at 4°C, using computer vision technology combined with pupil color parameters and different machine learning algorithms (back propagation neural network, BPNN; radial basis function neural network; support vector regression; and random forest regression, RFR). In the process of model building, the RFR model provided the most accurate prediction for the value of total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB‐N), with the R‐square of the test set () of 0.993. The BPNN model exhibited the best fit for predicting the value of thiobarbituric acid (TBA), with of 0.959. Additionally, the RFR model was the most effective in forecasting total viable count (TVC), with of 0.935. After validation, the root mean square error values of the RFR model for predicting TVB‐N value, TBA value, and TVC value were the lowest, which were 0.764, 0.067, and 0.219, respectively. It demonstrated the applicability and good predictive performance of the RFR model for predicting biochemical and microbiological indicators. These findings also demonstrated that monitoring the changes in pupil color could successfully predict the freshness of chilled fish.Practical ApplicationQuality inspectors detect changes in the freshness of large yellow croaker in real time from the beginning of distribution to the selling site.
The Chromosome‐Scale Genome of Magnolia sieboldii K. Koch Provides Insight Into the Evolutionary Position of Magnoliids and Seed Germination
Authors: Lu Xiujun , Mei Mei , Liu Lin , Xu Xin , Ai Wanfeng 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTMagnolia sieboldii K. Koch (M. sieboldii) stands as an elegant tree species within the Magnoliaceae family, esteemed for its exquisite beauty, cultural significance and economic advantages. The species faces challenges in seed germination under natural conditions, primarily attributed to morphological dormancy. Despite its significance, the molecular mechanisms governing M. sieboldii seed germination remain elusive, compounded by the absence of genomic resources specific to this species. In this study, we present the first chromosome‐scale genome assembly of M. sieboldii, with a total genome size of 2.01 Gb, including 1096 scaffolds assigned to 19 chromosomes (N50 = 102.4 Mb). Phylogenetic analyses, incorporating 13 plant species, illuminate the evolutionary independence of Magnoliids from monocots and eudicots, positioning them as a sister clade. Through RNA‐seq analysis, we identify pivotal genes and pathways contributing to seed dormancy and germination. In addition, our investigation delves into the the far‐red‐impaired response (FAR1) transcription factor gene family, revealing their enrichment throughout evolution and their involvement in the intricate process of seed germination. This comprehensive genome sequencing initiative offers invaluable insights into the biological attributes of M. sieboldii, with a specific emphasis on unravelling the complexities of seed dormancy and germination.
Evaluation of traditional Chinese medicine tea bag TBDESJS in patients with Sjögren's syndrome and dry eye syndrome: A phase II pilot study
Authors: Yen Chien‐Ming , Lin Hong‐Chun , Chen Wei‐Sheng , Hsu Chih‐Chien , Liaw Chia‐Ching , Kung Yen‐Ying , Ma Chung‐Pei , Chen Hsin‐Yuan , Su Yu‐Ting , Chang Ching‐Mao 
Published: October 2024

AbstractEthnopharmacological RelevanceSjögren's syndrome (SJS) and dry eye syndrome (DES) are characterized by ocular dryness from inadequate tear production or excessive evaporation. To evaluate the effectiveness of TBDESJS (Chun‐Yu‐Ching‐Hua‐Yin, CYCHY), a TCM tea bag, in treating SJS and DES patients compared with healthy controls (NHC).Materials and MethodsThis phase II pilot study included 100 participants (60 SJS, 30 DES, 10 NHC) across 8 weeks, assessing changes in Schirmer's test, OSDI, ESSPRI, PSQI, FIRST, and artificial tear usage, using repeated measurement ANOVA and Tukey's honestly significant difference (HSD) for analysis.ResultsTotal 97 subjects completed the trial, for the left eye (OS) of Schirmer's test, significant improvements at 4, and 8 weeks were observed in SJS (0.13 ± 0.43–5.77 ± 2.87, and 7.60 ± 4.84 mm) and DES (0.21 ± 0.41–6.21 ± 2.97, and 7.86 ± 3.47 mm) (all p < .001). For the right eye (OD), significant improvements were observed in SJS (0.13 ± 0.39–6.77 ± 4.53, and 8.79 ± 5.92 mm) and DES (0.34 ± 0.55–6.59 ± 2.50, and 8.24 ± 3.42 mm) (all p < .001). Secondary outcomes showed reduced the dryness of ESSPRI scores in SJS (6.37 ± 1.97–5.57 ± 1.79, p < .001) and DES (6.10 ± 1.97–5.28 ± 2.23, p < .05). PSQI global scores improved significantly in all groups at 8 weeks (p < .05). Artificial tear usage decreased in SJS (4.93 ± 2.45–1.00 ± 0.82 times/day), DES (4.47 ± 1.99–0.66 ± 0.67 times/day) (all p < .001). No serious adverse events in this study.ConclusionTBDESJS significantly improved tear production, ocular dryness, and sleep quality, indicating potential neural regulation, anti‐inflammatory and immunomodulatory benefits. These findings advocate for TBDESJS (Chun‐Yu‐Ching‐Hua‐Yin, CYCHY)'s comprehensive therapeutic value in SJS and DES treatment, emphasizing the need for further research to understand long‐term effects and mechanisms.
Discretionary dissemination on Twitter
Authors: Crowley Richard M. , Huang Wenli , Lu Hai 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe study provides large‐scale descriptive evidence on the timing and nature of corporate financial tweeting. Using an unsupervised machine learning approach to analyze 24 million tweets posted by S&P 1500 firms from 2012 to 2020, we find that firms are more likely to tweet financial information around significantly negative or positive news events, such as earnings announcements and the filing of financial statements. This convex U‐shaped relation between the likelihood of posting financial tweets and the materiality of accounting events becomes stronger over time. Whereas research based on early samples concludes that firms are less likely to disseminate financial information on Twitter when the news is bad and material, the symmetric dissemination behavior we find suggests that these conclusions should be revised. We also show that a machine learning algorithm (Twitter‐Latent Dirichlet Allocation) is superior to a dictionary approach in classifying short messages like tweets.
EAACI guidelines on the management of IgE‐mediated food allergy
Authors: Santos Alexandra F. , Riggioni Carmen , Agache Ioana , Akdis Cezmi A. , Akdis Mubeccel , Alvarez‐Perea Alberto , Alvaro‐Lozano Montserrat , Ballmer‐Weber Barbara , Barni Simona , Beyer Kirsten , Bindslev‐Jensen Carsten , Brough Helen A. , Buyuktiryaki Betul , Chu Derek , Del Giacco Stefano , Dunn‐Galvin Audrey , Eberlein Bernadette , Ebisawa Motohiro , Eigenmann Philippe , Eiwegger Thomas , Feeney Mary , Fernandez‐Rivas Montserrat , Fiocchi Alessandro , Fisher Helen R. , Fleischer David M. , Giovannini Mattia , Gray Claudia , Hoffmann‐Sommergruber Karin , Halken Susanne , O'B Hourihane Jonathan , Jones Christina J. , Jutel Marek , Knol Edward F. , Konstantinou George N. , Lack Gideon , Lau Susanne , Mejias Andreina Marques , Marchisotto Mary Jane , Meyer Rosan , Mortz Charlotte G. , Moya Beatriz , Muraro Antonella , Nilsson Caroline , de Oliveira Lucila Camargo Lopes , O'Mahony Liam , Papadopoulos Nikolaos G. , Perrett Kirsten P. , Peters Rachel , Podesta Marcia , Poulsen Lars K. , Roberts Graham , Sampson Hugh , Schwarze Jürgen , Smith Peter , Tham Elizabeth , Untersmayr Eva , Van Ree Ronald , Venter Carina , Vickery Brian , Vlieg‐Boerstra Berber , Werfel Thomas , Worm Margitta , Du Toit George , Skypala Isabel 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (EAACI) guideline provides recommendations for the management of IgE‐mediated food allergy and was developed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations (GRADE) approach. Following the confirmation of IgE‐mediated food allergy diagnosis, allergen avoidance and dietary advice (with support of a specialised dietitian, if possible) together with the provision of a written treatment plan, education on the recognition of allergic symptoms and prescription of medication including adrenaline using an auto‐injector are essential. Patients with significant anxiety and requirement for coping strategies may benefit from support from a clinical psychologist. As immunomodulatory interventions, omalizumab is suggested for treatment of IgE‐mediated food allergy in children from the age of 1 and adults; and oral allergen‐specific immunotherapy is recommended for children and adolescents with peanut allergy and suggested for milk and egg allergies (generally after 4 years of age for milk and egg). Sublingual and epicutaneous immunotherapy are suggested for peanut allergy but are not yet available at the point of care. Future research into disease modifying treatments for IgE‐mediated food allergy are highly needed, with standardised and patient‐focused protocols and outcomes.
Accuracy is inaccurate: Why a focus on diagnostic accuracy for medical chatbot AIs will not lead to improved health outcomes
Authors: Milford Stephen R. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractSince its launch in November 2022, ChatGPT has become a global phenomenon, sparking widespread public interest in chatbot artificial intelligences (AIs) generally. While not approved for medical use, it is capable of passing all three United States medical licensing exams and offers diagnostic accuracy comparable to a human doctor. It seems inevitable that it, and tools like it, are and will be used by the general public to provide medical diagnostic information or treatment plans. Before we are taken in by the promise of a golden age for chatbot medical AIs, it would be wise to consider the implications of using these tools as either supplements to, or substitutes for, human doctors. With the rise of publicly available chatbot AIs, there has been a keen focus on research into the diagnostic accuracy of these tools. This, however, has left a notable gap in our understanding of the implications for health outcomes of these tools. Diagnosis accuracy is only part of good health care. For example, crucial to positive health outcomes is the doctor–patient relationship. This paper challenges the recent focus on diagnostic accuracy by drawing attention to the causal relationship between doctor–patient relationships and health outcomes arguing that chatbot AIs may even hinder outcomes in numerous ways including subtracting the elements of perception and observation that are crucial to clinical consultations. The paper offers brief suggestions to improve chatbot medical AIs so as to positively impact health outcomes.
Gallic acid enhances GVL effects of T cells without exacerbating GVHD after haematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Huang Qianqian , Jiang Xinya , Wang Bixia , Wu Zhigui , Zhang Fangqing , Huang Xiao‐Jun , Guo Huidong 
Published: October 2024

SummaryAllogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo‐HSCT) is an effective therapy for acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), predominantly due to its potent graft‐versus‐leukaemia (GVL) effect. However, leukaemia relapse remains a major obstacle to the success of allo‐HSCT. In this study, we demonstrated that gallic acid (GA), a natural dietary compound, can enhance T‐cell‐mediated GVL effects both in vitro and in vivo. GA‐treated T cells exhibited increased activation and elevated secretion of cytotoxic cytokines, leading to the apoptosis of AML cells in co‐culture systems in vitro. In a non‐irradiated leukaemia mouse model, we showed that GA treatment prolonged the survival of leukaemic mice and reduced leukaemia cell infiltration. Further analysis revealed that GA treatment increased T‐cell activation and tumour necrosis factor‐α secretion. Moreover, integrated transcriptomic and proteomic analyses indicated that GA augments T‐cell‐mediated GVL effects through the activation of the MAPK and NF‐κB pathways. Blocking these pathways individually diminished the protective effect of GA in AML model mice. Importantly, GA administration did not accelerate graft‐versus‐host disease (GVHD) progression in a mouse model. In conclusion, our study revealed that GA can enhance the GVL effects of T cells without exacerbating GVHD, offering insights into its potential to improve outcomes for patients after HSCT.