bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
THE TEXAS TACO TECHNIQUE FOR INTERNAL LIMITING MEMBRANE FLAP IN LARGE FULL-THICKNESS MACULAR HOLES
Authors: Major James C. , Lampen Shaun I. R. , Wykoff Charles C. , Ou William C. , Brown David M. , Wong Tien P. , Shah Ankoor R. 
Published: January 2019

Purpose:
To determine the efficacy of a novel application of a surgical internal limiting membrane flap technique that requires no additional surgical adjuvants in closure of large full-thickness macular holes (FTMHs).

Methods:
The electronic medical records of patients (n = 8) with large (>400 µm) FTMHs repaired with the “Texas Taco” technique were retrospectively reviewed.

Results:
Operated patients had a mean age of 63.8 ± 19.2 (range, 19–80) years. There were five (62.5%) phakic and three (37.5%) pseudophakic eyes preoperatively. Mean follow-up time was 9.1 ± 4.7 (1.5–14.5) months. Across all patients, mean FTMH diameter at the shortest and greatest widths were 529 ± 101 (404–661) and 1,189 ± 290 (829–1,656) µm, respectively. Mean best-corrected logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution visual acuity was 1.3 ± 0.23 preoperatively (approximately Snellen acuity 20/400) and 0.66 ± 0.40 postoperatively (approximately Snellen acuity 20/100) (P < 0.001). All FTMHs remained closed at all postoperative visits.

Conclusion:
The Texas Taco technique provided anatomical and functional improvement in challenging cases of large FTMHs without the need of additional surgical adjuvants.
CLINICAL APPLICATION OF MULTICOLOR IMAGING IN CENTRAL SEROUS CHORIORETINOPATHY
Authors: He Lu , Chen Changzheng , Yi Zuohuizi , Wang Xiaoling , Liu Juejun , Zheng Hongmei 
Published: January 2019

Purpose:
To characterize features of central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) using multicolor (MC) imaging and to compare the efficacy of using MC imaging and traditional color fundus photography (CFP) for detecting features of CSC.

Methods:
A retrospective review of 75 eyes of 69 participants with CSC from the Eye Center of the Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University. The patients underwent same-day CFP, fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA), spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), and MC imaging (including infrared reflectance (IR), green reflectance (GR), blue reflectance (BR), combined standard MC image, and green-blue–enhanced image). Positive CSC lesions were evaluated using FFA and SD-OCT. Features in images of CFP, standard MC, green-blue–enhanced, IR, GR, and BR were analyzed and calculated.

Results:
Among the 75 eyes of 69 patients, 75 eyes with subretinal fluid (SRF) and retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) leakage point, and 43 eyes with RPE damage were observed by FFA and SD-OCT. The detection rate of SRF was significantly higher with the standard MC image (92.0%), green-blue–enhanced image (92.0%), IR (88.0%), and GR (88.0%) than that with CFP (66.7%) (P < 0.05). Blue reflectance (45.3%) was associated with lower rate of SRF detection compared to CFP (P < 0.05). The standard MC image (84.0%), green-blue–enhanced image (84.0%), IR (78.7%), and GR (80%) delineated the boundaries of SRF more effectively than CFP (44%). The abnormal areas corresponding to RPE leakage points on FFA were observed with the standard MC image, green-blue–enhanced image, and IR at detection rates of 90.7, 82.7, and 90.7%, respectively, which were significantly higher than with CFP (29.3%) (P < 0.05). However, the detection rates of the abnormalities corresponding to leakage on FFA were lower with GR (5.3%) and BR (1.3%) than those with CFP (P < 0.05). Areas of RPE damage on FFA were observed at the same locations with the standard MC image, green-blue–enhanced image, and IR at detection rates of 97.7, 93.0, and 95.3%, respectively, which were significantly higher than with CFP (41.9%) (P < 0.05). Compared with CFP, the detectable rates of RPE damage on GR (14.0%) and BR (9.3%) were lower (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
As an adjunct to SD-OCT, the MC image can delineate the extent or boundaries of SRF more effectively than CFP. As an adjunct to FFA, the MC image can identify foci of leakage more effectively than CFP. The MC image, particularly the IR channel, can identify areas of RPE damage more effectively than CFP. Therefore, the MC image may be a useful adjunct to FFA and OCT for detecting or monitoring CSC.
The prevalence and the burden of pain in patients with Huntington disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Sprenger Gregory P. , van der Zwaan Kasper F. , Roos Raymund A.C. , Achterberg Wilco P. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract:
It is remarkable that studies focusing on the prevalence and the burden of pain in patients with Huntington disease (HD) are scarce. This may lead to inadequate recognition of pain and hence lack of treatment, eventually affecting the quality of life. The aim of this review is to investigate the prevalence of pain and its burden in HD by performing a systematic literature search. In February 2018, a systematic search was performed in the electronic databases of Pubmed, Embase, Cinahl, Cochrane, and PsycINFO. Studies focusing on patients with juvenile HD were excluded. All other types of study were included without language restrictions. In total, 2234 articles were identified, 15 of which met the inclusion criteria and provided information on 2578 patients with HD. The sample-weighted prevalence of pain was 41.3% (95% confidence interval: 36%-46%). The pain burden, which was measured with the SF-36, is significantly less compared with that in the general population. The sample-weighted mean score on the SF-36 was 84 (95% confidence interval: 81-86), where a score of 100 represents the lowest symptom burden. The results demonstrate that pain could be an important nonmotor symptom in patients with HD, and there are indications that the pain burden could be diminished because of HD. Larger and high-quality prospective cohort and clinical studies are required to confirm these findings. In the meantime, awareness about pain and its burden in patients with HD is warranted in clinical practice.
Increased pain sensitivity but normal pain modulation in adolescents with migraine
Authors: Nahman-Averbuch Hadas , Leon Eric , Hunter Benjamin M. , Ding Lili , Hershey Andrew D. , Powers Scott W. , King Christopher D. , Coghill Robert C. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Inhibitory pain modulation has been reported to be deficient in adults across different types of chronic pain, including migraine. To determine whether a similar phenomenon occurs in youth, we performed a quantitative sensory testing investigation in adolescents with migraine (N = 19). These patients were compared to healthy adolescents with (Fam-His; N = 20) or without (Healthy; N = 29) a family history of migraine (eg, first-degree relative with migraine). Subjects were first familiarized with the stimuli and visual analogue rating scales using graded noxious stimuli (0°C, 43-49°C range). These data were used to explore potential pain sensitivity differences between the groups. Pain inhibition was assessed by conditioned pain modulation (CPM), which used both suprathreshold heat pain (heat CPM) and pressure pain thresholds (pressure CPM) as the test stimuli before and during cold-water immersion (8°C). In response to the graded heat stimuli, Fam-His participants reported higher pain intensity ratings compared with patients with migraine, who in turn reported higher pain intensity ratings than the healthy controls (F = 3.6, [df = 2, 459], P = 0.027). For heat and pressure CPM, there was no significant group difference in the magnitude of CPM responses. Thus, adolescents with migraine and healthy adolescents have similar inhibitory pain modulation capability, despite having marked differences in pain sensitivity. Although Fam-His participants are asymptomatic, they demonstrate alterations in pain processing, which may serve as markers for prediction of migraine development.
Intact mast cell content during mild head injury is required for development of latent pain sensitization: implications for mechanisms underlying post-traumatic headache
Authors: Bree Dara , Levy Dan 
Published: January 2019

AbstractPost-traumatic headache (PTH) is one of the most common, debilitating, and difficult symptoms to manage after a traumatic head injury. Although the mechanisms underlying PTH remain elusive, recent studies in rodent models suggest the potential involvement of calcitonin gene–related peptide (CGRP), a mediator of neurogenic inflammation, and the ensuing activation of meningeal mast cells (MCs), proalgesic resident immune cells that can lead to the activation of the headache pain pathway. Here, we investigated the relative contribution of MCs to the development of PTH-like pain behaviors in a model of mild closed-head injury (mCHI) in male rats. We initially tested the relative contribution of peripheral CGRP signaling to the activation of meningeal MCs after mCHI using a blocking anti-CGRP monoclonal antibody. We then used a prophylactic MC granule depletion approach to address the hypotheses that intact meningeal MC granule content is necessary for the development of PTH-related pain-like behaviors. The data suggest that after mCHI, ongoing activation of meningeal MCs is not mediated by peripheral CGRP signaling and does not contribute to the development of the mCHI-evoked cephalic mechanical pain hypersensitivity. Our data, however, also reveal that the development of latent sensitization, manifested as persistent hypersensitivity upon the recovery from mCHI-evoked acute cranial hyperalgesia to the headache trigger glyceryl trinitrate requires intact MC content during and immediately after mCHI. Collectively, our data implicate the acute activation of meningeal MCs as mediator of chronic pain hypersensitivity after a concussion or mCHI. Targeting MCs may be explored for early prophylactic treatment of PTH.
Sirtuin 1 alleviates diabetic neuropathic pain by regulating synaptic plasticity of spinal dorsal horn neurons
Authors: Zhang Zongqin , Ding Xiaobao , Zhou Zhiwei , Qiu Zhuang , Shi Naihao , Zhou Shasha , Du Lei , Zhu Xia , Wu Yuqing , Yin Xiaoxing , Zhou Chenghua 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that the enhanced synaptic plasticity of nociceptive interneurons in the spinal dorsal horn is the basis of central sensitization in neuropathic pain. Our previous results demonstrated that sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)-dependent deacetylase, alleviates neuropathic pain in type 2 diabetes mellitus rats. SIRT1 has also been reported to regulate synaptic plasticity in different brain neurons. However, the role of SIRT1 in synaptic plasticity of spinal dorsal horn neurons remains unknown. In this study, we found that in the spinal dorsal horn of diabetic neuropathic pain (DNP) rats and db/db mice, decreased SIRT1 expression was accompanied by enhanced structural synaptic plasticity. The levels of postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD-95), growth-associated protein 43 (GAP43), and synaptophysin increased in the spinal dorsal horn of DNP rats and db/db mice and in high glucose–cultured primary spinal neurons. Upregulation of spinal SIRT1 by SIRT1 activator SRT1720 relieved pain behavior, inhibited the enhanced structural synaptic plasticity in rats and db/db mice with DNP, and decreased the levels of synapse-associated proteins in DNP rats, db/db mice, and high glucose–cultured spinal neurons. SIRT1-shRNA induced pain behavior and enhanced structural synaptic plasticity in normal rats and increased synapse-associated proteins levels in normal rats and spinal neurons. Intrathecal injection of AAV-Cre-EGFP into SIRT1flox/flox mice also induced pain behavior and enhanced synaptic plasticity of the spinal dorsal horn neurons. These results suggest that SIRT1 plays an important role in the progression of DNP by regulating synaptic plasticity of spinal dorsal horn neurons.
Virtual Reality and Cognitive Rehabilitation in People With Stroke: An Overview
Authors: Maggio Maria Grazia , Latella Desirèe , Maresca Giuseppa , Sciarrone Francesca , Manuli Alfredo , Naro Antonino , De Luca Rosaria , Calabrò Rocco Salvatore 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT

Objective: This review evaluates the use of virtual reality (VR) tools in cognitive rehabilitation of stroke-affected individuals. Methods: Studies performed between 2010 and 2017 that fulfilled inclusion criteria were selected from PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, and Web of Sciences databases. The search combined the terms “VR,” “rehabilitation,” and “stroke.” Results: Stroke patients experienced significant improvement in many cognitive domains (such as executive and visual–spatial abilities and speech, attention, and memory skills) after the use of VR training. Conclusions: Rehabilitation using new VR tools could positively affect stroke patient cognitive outcomes by boosting motivation and participation.
The Feasibility and Impact of the EMOVE Intervention on Self-efficacy and Outcome Expectations for Exercise in Epilepsy
Authors: Dustin Irene H. , Resnick Barbara , Galik Elizabeth , Klinedinst N. Jennifer , Michael Kathleen , Wiggs Edythe , Theodore William H. 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT
The purpose of this pilot study was to evaluate the feasibility of the self-efficacy based Epilepsy-Motivate and Outcome Expectations for Vigorous Exercise (EMOVE) intervention and report on the preliminary efficacy of this intervention aimed at improving exercise behaviors in adults with epilepsy. Methods: A single-group, repeated-measures design was used in 30 outpatients. Data were collected at baseline and 12 weeks after the intervention. Participant outcomes included Self-Efficacy and Outcome Expectations for Exercise in Epilepsy, Beck Depression Inventory-II, Quality of Life in Epilepsy Inventory-31, seizure frequency, average daily steps, and body mass index. Daily number of steps was measured using a wrist-worn activity monitor. Feasibility data were assessed using evidence of treatment fidelity including intervention delivery, receipt, and enactment. Results: Participants were single (63%), white (53%), female (63%), had a mean (SD) age of 46.7 (13) years (range, 26–68 years), had low levels of self-efficacy (mean, 5.10; range, 0–10) and high outcome expectations (mean, 3.90; range, 0–5), took under the recommended 10 000 steps per day (mean, 5107), and had an average of 6 seizures per month. Postintervention testing showed statistical improvement in depressive symptoms (mean [SD], 9.95 [9.47]; P < .05). There were no significant differences found for the other study outcomes. Our study showed the EMOVE intervention was feasible. Study participants had improved depressive symptoms. Future research should focus on increasing the sample size, improving exercise performance through group or individualized exercise sessions, and adding a control group to better evaluate the relationship between the intervention and improved depressive symptoms.
Brief Report: PrEP Eligibility Among At-Risk Women in the Southern United States: Associated Factors, Awareness, and Acceptability
Authors: Patel Anar S. , Goparaju Lakshmi , Sales Jessica M. , Mehta Cyra Christina , Blackstock Oni J. , Seidman Dominika , Ofotokun Igho , Kempf Mirjam-Colette , Fischl Margaret A. , Golub Elizabeth T. , Adimora Adaora A. , French Audrey L. , DeHovitz Jack , Wingood Gina , Kassaye Seble , Sheth Anandi N. 
Published: January 2019

Background:
Among women in the United States, non-Latina black women in the South have disproportionately high rates of new HIV infections but low use of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). Effective strategies to identify factors associated with PrEP eligibility could facilitate improved screening, offering, and uptake of PrEP among US women at risk of HIV.

Setting and methods:
We applied 2014 CDC criteria for PrEP use to at-risk HIV-negative women enrolled in the Southern US sites (Atlanta, Chapel Hill, Birmingham/Jackson, Miami) of the Women's Interagency HIV Study from 2014 to 2015 to estimate PrEP eligibility and assess PrEP knowledge and acceptability. Factors associated with PrEP eligibility were assessed using multivariable models.

Results:
Among 225 women, 72 (32%) were PrEP-eligible; the most common PrEP indicator was condomless sex. The majority of PrEP-eligible women (88%) reported willingness to consider PrEP. Only 24 (11%) PrEP-eligible women had previously heard of PrEP, and only 1 reported previous use. Education level less than high school [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 2.56; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.22 to 5.37], history of sexual violence (aOR 4.52; 95% CI: 1.52 to 17.76), and medium to high self-perception of HIV risk (aOR 6.76; 95% CI: 3.26 to 14.05) were significantly associated with PrEP eligibility in adjusted models.

Conclusions:
Extremely low PrEP awareness and use despite a high proportion of eligibility and acceptability signify a critical need to enhance PrEP education and delivery for women in this region. Supplementing CDC eligibility criteria with questions about history of sexual violence and HIV risk self-assessment may enhance PrEP screening and uptake among US women.
Associations Between Self-Reported Symptoms and Gait Parameters Using In-Home Sensors in Persons With Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Newland Pamela , Salter Amber , Flach Alicia , Flick Louise , Thomas Florian P. , Gulick Elsie E. , Rantz Marilyn , Skubic Marjorie 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Background and Purpose
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a progressive neurological disorder, characterized by exacerbations and remissions, often resulting in disability affecting multiple neurological functions. The purpose of this article was (1) to describe the frequencies of self-reported symptoms in a natural environment and (2) to determine characteristics and associations between self-reported symptoms and home gait parameters (speed, stride time, and stride length) at baseline and at 3 months in patients with MS.

Methods
Participants completed the self-report MS-Related Symptom Scale to measure symptoms. A three-dimensional depth imaging system (Foresite Healthcare) was used to measure gait parameters in the home environment.

Results
These data show significant correlations between the following symptoms: knee locking or collapsing, difficulty sleeping, depression, and anxiety with decreased number of average walks per day; however, the symptoms including trouble-making toilet: day and difficulty in starting urine were positively correlated with average walks per day. The symptom numbness was significantly correlated with decreased speed and decreased stride length.

Discussion and Conclusions
Our findings suggest that certain groups of symptoms were more frequently reported with certain gait parameters (stride time/speed) in persons with MS. Rehabilitation nurses can provide optimal care to prevent future decline in symptoms and gait.
Comparison of Outcomes of Fasciocutaneous Free Flaps and Jejunal Free Flaps in Pharyngolaryngoesophageal Reconstruction
Authors: Koh Hui Kai , Tan Ngian Chye , Tan Bien Keem , Ooi Adrian S. H. 
Published: January 2019

BackgroundThe literature reports a wide variety of reconstructive methods for pharyngolaryngoesophageal (PLO) defects, the most widely used being anterolateral thigh (ALT), radial forearm (RFF), and jejunal free flaps (JFF). However, there is a lack of uniform agreement among head and neck surgeons as to which technique offers the best results. With an increasing number of salvage PLO extirpations, determining the role of radiotherapy in influencing postoperative complication rates is becoming ever more important. Hence, this study aims to provide an up-to-date comparison of surgical and functional outcomes of the fasciocutaneous ALT and RFF versus the intestinal JFF for circumferential and partial PLO defects and determine whether radiotherapy, both preoperative and postoperative, influences the postoperative fistula and stricture rates in circumferential defects.MethodsA systematic review and meta-analysis were performed using PubMed for reports published in the most recent 10 years between 2007 and 2017.ResultsA total of 33 articles comprising 1213 patients were reviewed. For circumferential defects, fistula and stricture rates were significantly lower in JFF than ALT and RFF. Of note, there was no statistical difference in tracheoesophageal speech and oral alimentation rates between JFF and the FC flaps. For near-circumferential and partial defects, ALT has a significantly lower fistula rate than RFF. There was no statistical Powered by Editorial Manager and ProduXion Manager from Aries Systems Corporation difference in stricture and oral alimentation rates between ALT and RFF. Fistula rates were significantly higher in patients who had preoperative radiotherapy than those without. However, there was no significant difference in fistula and stricture rates for postoperative radiotherapy.ConclusionsJejunal free flaps still remain an excellent first choice for PLO reconstruction of circumferential defects. For near-circumferential and partial defects, ALT seems to have a better performance than RFF. Preoperative radiotherapy was associated with an increased risk of fistula formation in circumferential PLO defects but not postoperative radiotherapy.
Reconstructive Options for Inferior Alveolar and Lingual Nerve Injuries After Dental and Oral Surgery
Authors: Ducic Ivica , Yoon Joshua 
Published: January 2019

Purpose
The investigators wanted to evaluate, analyze, and compare the current microsurgical repair modalities (primary repair, autograft, tube conduit, and allograft reconstruction) in achieving functional sensory recovery in inferior alveolar and lingual nerve reconstructions due to injury.

Methods
A literature review was undertaken to identify studies focusing on microsurgical repair of inferior alveolar and lingual nerve injuries. Included studies provided a defined sample size, the reconstruction modality, and functional sensory recovery rates. A Fischer exact test analysis was performed with groups based on the nerve and repair type, which included subgroups of specific nerve gap reconstruction modalities.

Results
Twelve studies were analyzed resulting in a sample consisting of 122 lingual nerve and 137 inferior alveolar nerve reconstructions. Among the nerve gap reconstructions for the lingual nerve, processed nerve allografts and autografts were found to be superior in achieving functional sensory recovery over the conduits with P values of 0.0001 and 0.0003, respectively. Among the nerve gap reconstructions for the inferior alveolar nerve, processed nerve allografts and autografts were also found to be superior in achieving functional sensory recovery over the conduits with P values of 0.027 and 0.026, respectively. Overall, nerve gap reconstructions with allografts and autografts for inferior alveolar and lingual nerve reconstruction were superior in achieving functional sensory recovery with a P value of <0.0001.

Conclusions
The data analyzed in this study suggest that primary tension-free repair should be performed in inferior alveolar and lingual nerve reconstructions when possible. If a bridging material is to be used, then processed nerve allografts and autografts are both superior to conduits and noninferior to each other. In addition, allografts do not have the complications related to autograft harvesting such as permanent donor site morbidity. Based on the conclusions drawn from these data, we provide a reproducible operative technique for inferior alveolar and lingual nerve reconstruction.