bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bilateral Pulmonary Langerhans's Cell Histiocytosis is Surgical Challenge in Children: A Case Report
Authors: Soyer Tutku , Özyüksel Gül , Türer Özlem Boybeyi , Çakmakkaya Kübra , Yavuz Sinan , Yalçın Bilgehan , Orhan Diclehan , Yalçın Ebru , Doğru Deniz , Bayrakçı Benan , Kiper Nural , Akyüz Canan 
Published: May 2019

Background Pulmonary Langerhans's cell histiocytosis (PLCH) is a rare cause of interstitial lung disease in children and more than half of the cases are bilateral. Persistent respiratory distress due to spontaneous pneumothorax (SP) in bilateral PLCH may refractory to conservative treatment and posed a great challenge to surgical modalities. A 3-year-old boy with SP due to bilateral PLCH is presented to discuss the surgical options of recurrent and refractory PLCH cases in children.
Case Report The patient was admitted to the emergency department with severe respiratory distress and SP. After chest tube insertion, biopsy from neck mass revealed Langerhans's cell histiocytosis. Chemotherapy including vinblastine and prednisone was initiated. Due to persistent respiratory difficulty and air leaks, talc pleurodesis and thoracoscopic bullae excision with pleural decortication were performed. Two months after the admission, due to nosocomial infection and severe respiratory distress, extracorporeal membranous oxygenation (ECMO) support was initiated. The patient was died of ECMO complications on 24th day of ECMO.
Conclusion Despite the use of chemotherapy and surgical excision of cystic lesions, bilateral PLCH in children may have lethal outcome. Other treatment options including respiratory support with ECMO and lung transplantation should be considered as last resort of treatment alternative in persistent cases.
Cadaveric Study of Anatomical Variations in the Musculocutaneous Nerve and in the Median Nerve
Authors: Priya Abhilasha , Gupta Chandni , D'souza Antony Sylvan 
Published: May 2019

Introduction The musculocutaneous nerve and the median nerve are branches from the lateral cord of the brachial plexus with a root value of C5, C6, and C7. The medial root of the median nerve is a branch of the medial cord. The present study aims at observing any variations in these peripheral nerves, so that this knowledge can be utilized by surgeons, anesthesiologists, and orthopedicians during surgical procedures and nerve block.
Materials and Methods The present study was carried on 30 adult embalmed cadavers (60 upper limbs) in the department of anatomy of the Kasturba Medical College , Manipal, India. The infraclavicular part of the brachial plexus was dissected, and any anatomical variations in the formation and in the branching pattern of the musculocutaneous nerve and of the median nerve were noted and photographs were taken.
Results The median nerve was noted to be formed from 3 roots in 8 out of 60 dissected upper limbs (13.33%). The musculocutaneous nerve was absent in 5% of the dissected limbs, and communications between these 2 nerves were noted in 13.33% of the dissected limbs.
Conclusions Noted variations of the nerves may be of help to surgeons operating in the axillas and in the arms.
Fetal Myocardial Function as Assessed by N-Terminal Fragment Brain Natriuretic Protein in Premature Fetuses Exposed to Intra-amniotic Inflammation
Authors: Irani Roxanna A. , Buhimschi Catalin S. , Cross Sarah N. , Zhao Guomao , Copel Joshua A. , Bhandari Vineet , Buhimschi Irina A. , Bahtiyar Mert Ozan 
Published: May 2019

Objective This study aimed to determine the relationship between fetal exposure to intra-amniotic infection/inflammation (IAI) and fetal heart ventricular function as assessed by circulatory levels of N-terminal fragment brain natriuretic protein (NT-proBNP) and the Tei index.
Study Design We analyzed 70 samples of paired amniotic fluid (AF) and cord blood retrieved from mothers who delivered preterm at <34 weeks as follows: Yes-IAI (n = 36) and No-IAI (n = 34). IAI was diagnosed by amniocentesis and AF mass spectrometry. Fetal exposure to inflammation was determined through the evaluation of cord blood haptoglobin (Hp) switch-on status and level, and interleukin (IL)-6 levels by Western blotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. Fetal heart function was assessed by cord blood NT-proBNP immunoassay and fetal echocardiogram (Tei index).
Results IAI was characterized by significantly higher levels of AF (p < 0.001) and umbilical cord IL-6 (p = 0.004). Cord blood Hp levels and frequency of switch-on status were higher in fetuses exposed to IAI (p < 0.001, both). Fetuses exposed to IAI did not have higher levels of NT-proBNP. Following correction for gestational age and race, neither cord blood NT-proBNP nor the Tei index was significantly different in fetuses with Hp switched-on status (p > 0.05, both).
Conclusion Fetal myocardial left ventricular function does not seem to be significantly impaired in fetuses born alive due to IAI if delivery of the fetus occurs immediately following the diagnosis of IAI.
Patellofemoral Arthroplasty: Short-Term Complications and Risk Factors
Authors: Rezzadeh Kevin , Behery Omar A. , Kester Benjamin S. , Dogra Tara , Vigdorchik Jonathon , Schwarzkopf Ran 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThere is a paucity of literature regarding the short-term readmission, reoperation, and complication rates of patellofemoral arthroplasty (PFA). The purpose of this study is to determine the incidence and risk factors of 30-day postoperative complications in patients undergoing PFA. A retrospective cohort study of subjects who underwent PFA from 2010 to 2015 was performed using the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) database. Perioperative outcomes and 30-day postoperative complications were ascertained, and patient demographics and comorbidities were analyzed using linear and binomial logistic regression analyses to determine risk factors for postoperative complications. Among the 1,069 patients identified in the NSQIP database, there was a 30-day readmission rate of 4.3% and a 30-day reoperation rate of 1.5%. The leading complications identified were bleeding requiring transfusion (11.7%), urinary tract infection (0.8%), and deep vein thrombosis (DVT) (0.8%). Younger age was a risk factor for superficial wound infection (p = 0.012). Older age was a significant risk factor for longer hospital stays, readmission, bleeding requiring transfusion, urinary tract infection, and pneumonia (p < 0.05 for all). Male sex was a risk factor for longer operation time and DVT (p = 0.001 and p = 0.017, respectively), while female sex was associated with greater incidence of bleeding requiring transfusion (p = 0.049). Elevated body mass index (BMI) was a risk factor for longer hospital stays, greater total operation time, and bleeding requiring transfusion (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, and p = 0.001, respectively). Nonwhite race was a significant risk factor for readmission (p = 0.008). This represents the largest study on early readmissions and the associated risk factors after PFA. PFA 30-day readmission and reoperation rates were <5%. Older age and elevated BMI were both identified as risk factors for adverse perioperative outcomes, including longer operation times, longer hospital stays, and bleeding requiring transfusion.
Efecto del Cigarrillo Electrónico sobre los Espermatozoides Humanos: Aproximación in vitro
Authors: Morales Velásquez Mateo , Puerta Suarez Jenniffer , Cardona Maya Walter D. 
Published: May 2019

Resumen
Introducción Los cigarrillos electrónicos (E-Cig) aparecieron en el mercado hace 15 años como una alternativa para combatir el consumo de tabaco, un problema de salud pública, sin embargo, su efecto sobre la salud reproductiva no ha sido completamente evaluado. El objetivo del presente estudio, fue evaluar los efectos de los E-Cig sobre los espermatozoides humanos in vitro.
Métodos Un dispositivo para incubar en contacto directo a los espermatozoides con el vapor a partir de dos esencias diferentes (TNT y Sugar Drizzle), el humo del cigarrillo o aire como control negativo fue construido. Adicionalmente, usando el mismo dispositivo, se elaboró el extracto a partir del aire, de las dos esencias con el E-Cig y con el cigarrillo Piel Roja sin filtro en medio para incubar en contacto indirecto con los espermatozoides.
Resultados Se observó disminución de la movilidad con el E-Cig en más del 38% en el tiempo y una disminución de la viabilidad en más del 18% que se mantenían con el tiempo mientras que con el cigarrillo convencional afectaba la movilidad y la viabilidad en casi el 100%. Finalmente se encontró que se afecta más la movilidad de los espermatozoides con la esencia de Sugar Drizzle que contaba con menos concentración de nicotina que con la esencia de TNT.
Conclusiones En conclusión, tanto el cigarrillo convencional como el E-Cig afectan los parámetros seminales (movilidad y viabilidad), y se postula que el uso del E-Cig, aunque es menos citotóxico y afecta menos que el cigarrillo convencional, también puede generar a largo plazo problemas de infertilidad.
Kantowski–Sachs cosmology with Vlasov matter
Authors: Fajman David , Heißel Gernot 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
We analyse the Kantowski–Sachs cosmologies with Vlasov matter of massive and massless particles using dynamical systems analysis. We show that generic solutions are past and future asymptotic to the non-flat locally rotationally symmetric Kasner vacuum solution. Furthermore, we establish that solutions with massive Vlasov matter behave like solutions with massless Vlasov matter towards the singularities.
Combined DLTS/MCTS investigations of deep electrical levels of regular dislocation networks in silicon
Authors: Trushin M , Varlamov A , Loshachenko A , Vyvenko O , Kittler M 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Local electronic states of regular dislocation networks produced by n- and p-type silicon wafer bonding with different screw dislocation density were studied with deep-level transient spectroscopy (DLTS) and minority carrier transient spectroscopy (MCTS). A drastic sadden changes of the electric level spectrum with increasing of dislocation density from two shallow bands located near the edges of valence and conduction bands towards two deep bands with energy positions about Ec - (0.22-0.26) eV and Ev + (0.4-0.53) eV were found. The origin of the electric level spectrum changes is ascribed to the changes of dislocation core structure from dissociated to perfect ones that occur when interdislocation distances became comparable with the dislocation equilibrium dissociation width. The obtained results correlate well with the results of recent studies of recombination activity of grain boundaries in mc-Si.
Deep traps localization in AlGaN/GaN MIS-HEMTs by a comparative study using capacitance and current deep level transient spectroscopies
Authors: El-Khatib Mariam , Ferrandis Philippe , Morvan Erwan , Guillot Gérard , Bremond Georges 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
In this study, deep traps in multiple-finger normally-off AlGaN/GaN metal-insulator-semiconductor high-electron mobility transistors (MIS-HEMTs) were identified. The localization of these traps has been established by a comparative study using capacitance and current deep level transient spectroscopies (DLTS). The Cgd-DLTS measurements cover the GaN buffer region between the gate and drain contacts. On the other hand, the IDS-DLTS measurements cover the channel region in GaN including the zone under the gate. Two electron traps, E2 (0.31eV) and E4 (0.5eV) have been detected. They are respectively attributed to reactive ion etching (RIE) induced surface damage. These two traps are more likely located in the GaN channel close to the gate. Two other deep electron traps E5 (0.64eV) and E6 (0.79eV) have also been detected and are localized in the GaN buffer layer.
Effect of temperature on Xe implantation-induced damage in 4H-SiC
Authors: Jiang C , Declémy A , Beaufort M-F , Boulle A , Barbot J-F 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Damage formation in implanted 4H-SiC was studied as a function of dose and temperature of implantation. At RT the maximal strain as well as the surface swelling linearly increases suggesting a point defects swelling. With increasing temperature the slope decreases due to irradiation-induced dynamic recovery with activation energy of 0.13±0.02eV. From 300°C the amorphisation is avoided and the strain build-up can be fitted according to a direct impact model. At 300°C the as-induced strain profile consists of three different zones of damage with depth, resulting from the damage accumulation in the near surface region, the formation of Xe-vacancy complexes in the ion distribution and beyond a zone of end-of-range strain associated with interstitial accumulation.
Water quality in Thanh Luong rice vermicelli and fresh noodle craft village, Thanh Oai district, Hanoi, Vietnam
Authors: Hue T T , Hien V T , Ha N T H , Hang N T A 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Traditional production in craft villages has released large amounts of wastes into the environment, which may pose negative impacts on human health and ecosystems. This study was conducted to assess the current state of the water quality in the Thanh Luong rice vermicelli and fresh noodle craft village. Water samples at 12 sites were collected for determination of BOD5 and COD values. Social survey was also performed at 19 production and 30 non-production households. The results showed that BOD5 and COD values in water samples varied from 29 to 2620 mg/l and from 91 to 3600 mg/l, respectively. 100% of wastewater samples with BOD5 and COD values exceeded the regulation limits (QCVN 40: 2011/BTNMT). The highest BOD5 and COD values in wastewater were 37 and 18 times higher than the limits regulated by QCVN 40: 2011/BTNMT, respectively; those in surface water were 23 and 25 times higher than the values set by QCVN 08-MT:2015/BTNMT and 1/2 of the groundwater samples with COD exceeded the QcVN 09-MT:2015/BTNMT. The results of social survey demonstrated the medium effectiveness of the local environmental management (43% of household questionnaires) and low to medium awareness of local community for environmental protection. Solutions for environmental protection in Thanh Luong village have also been discussed in this study.
Sound Level Measurements in Berthing Areas of an Aircraft Carrier
Authors: Schaal Nicholas Cody , Majar Maria , Hunter Andrew 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Background
Personnel assigned to aircraft carriers work and live in environments where hazardous noise areas and hearing recovery spaces such as sleeping areas are in close proximity to one another. Hazardous noise exposure occurring during on-duty time periods and elevated noise levels during off-duty periods in sleeping areas may be prohibiting adequate hearing recovery, thus potentially leading to hearing loss and may lead to adverse effects on sleep, leading to crew-member fatigue. This investigation characterizes Equivalent sound level (Leq) and standardized octave band center frequency noise levels according to berthing (sleeping) area location during flight operation and nonflight operation time periods on a US Navy aircraft carrier. In addition, the investigation compares noise measurements in sleeping areas to noise levels associated with auditory rest and poor sleep quality and quantity.

Methods
Noise levels were measured in berthing areas aboard a US Navy Nimitz-class aircraft carrier during a routine at-sea period. Sixty noise measurements were taken in eight sleeping locations. Leq in decibels ‘A’ weighted (dBA) and noise levels from 16 to 16 000 Hz in (dB) were measured during flight operations [Leq (flt ops)] and nonflight operations [Leq (nonflt ops)]. Leq was also measured according to sleep area shipboard locations of forward (FWD) Leq (FWD), middle (MID) Leq (MID), and rear (AFT) Leq (AFT). These data were compared to the 70 dBA American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) threshold limit value (TLV) for effective quiet areas. In addition, these data were compared to noise levels associated with hearing loss and sleep parameters. Statistical analysis was conducted with R version 3.5.2 using an alpha level of 0.05.

Results
Leq (flt ops) in sleeping areas was a statistically significant (P < 0.05) 6.4 dBA higher than the Leq (nonflt ops). Leq (FWD) and Leq (MID) in sleeping areas was a statistically significant (P < 0.05) 15.2 and 15.0 dBA higher, respectively, than the Leq (AFT) noise levels. Mean noise levels at standardized center (1/1) octave bands were highest between 500 and 4000 Hz, ranging from 65.2 to 69.8 dB. A total of 72% of all area Leq measurements exceeded the 70 dBA ACGIH TLV classified as effective quiet to allow for temporary threshold shift recovery. All noise measurements exceeded the World Health Organization’s noise threshold where adverse effects on sleep begin.

Discussion/Conclusions
Results suggest that sleeping area location in close proximity to relatively high noise sources and activities occurring on an aircraft carrier (i.e. flight operations) increase noise levels in sleeping areas. These findings raise serious concerns since high noise exposures both on duty and during off-duty/sleeping periods may inhibit auditory recovery from hazardous noise exposures. In addition, results suggest noise levels in sleeping areas are high enough to evoke negative sleep effects.
Structural and photosynthetic re-acclimation to low light in C4 maize leaves that developed under high light
Authors: Yabiku Takayuki , Ueno Osamu 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Background and Aims
C4 plants have higher photosynthetic capacity than C3 plants, but this advantage comes at an energetic cost that is problematic under low light. In the crop canopy, lower leaves first develop under high light but later experience low light because of mutual shading. To explore the re-acclimation of C4 leaves to low light, we investigated the structural and physiological changes of the leaves of maize plants grown in shaded pots.

Methods
Plants were first grown under high light, and then some of them were shaded (20 % of sunlight) for 3 weeks. Four types of leaves were examined: new leaves that developed under low light during shading (L), new leaves that developed under high light (H), mature leaves that developed under high light before shading and were then subjected to low light (H–L) and mature leaves that always experienced high light (H–H).

Key Results
The leaf mass per area, nitrogen and chlorophyll contents per unit leaf area, chlorophyll a/b ratio and activities of C3 and C4 photosynthetic enzymes were lower in H–L than in H–H leaves and in L than in H leaves. Unlike L leaves, H–L leaves maintained the thickness and framework of the Kranz anatomy of H leaves, but chloroplast contents in H–L leaves were reduced. This reduction of chloroplast contents was achieved mainly by reducing the size of chloroplasts. Although grana of mesophyll chloroplasts were more developed in L leaves than in H leaves, there were no differences between H–L and H–H leaves. The light curves of photosynthesis in H–L and L leaves were very similar and showed traits of shade leaves.

Conclusions
Mature maize leaves that developed under high light re-acclimate to low-light environments by adjusting their biochemical traits and chloroplast contents to resemble shade leaves but maintain the anatomical framework of sun leaves.
Levels of Evidence in Plastic Surgery Research: A 10-Year Bibliometric Analysis of 18,889 Publications From 4 Major Journals
Authors: Rifkin William J , Yang Jenny H , DeMitchell-Rodriguez Evellyn , Kantar Rami S , Diaz-Siso J Rodrigo , Rodriguez Eduardo D 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Background
Improving the quality of research published in plastic surgery literature has been recognized as a difficult and time-intensive process. Despite significant progress over the last decade, leaders in the field continue to advocate for higher-quality studies to better inform clinical practice.

Objectives
The aim of this study was to evaluate and analyze trends in the levels of evidence (LOEs) of the plastic surgery literature over the last decade in 4 major journals.

Methods
After systematic review of all articles published between 2008 and 2017 in Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Annals of Plastic Surgery, Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, and Aesthetic Surgery Journal (ASJ), included articles were assigned an LOE and classified according to study design and category.

Results
In total, 8211 articles were included. Case series and reports represented 36.1% and 13.6% of studies, respectively. Additionally, 27.2% were retrospective cohort studies, 8.2% prospective cohort studies, 3.9% systematic reviews, and 2.9% randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Overall, the percentage of Level I/II studies has increased from 10.9% in 2008 to 17.3% in 2017. ASJ published the greatest proportion of Level I/II studies (23.2%) and RCTs (5.1%) of all the journals. There were significant differences in the distribution of Level I/II studies by journal (P &lt; 0.001) and category (P &lt; 0.001).

Conclusions
Over the past decade, plastic surgery journals have published higher-quality research and a significantly greater proportion of Level I and II studies. The field must continue to strive for robust study designs, while also recognizing the importance of lower-LOE research.
Seq2Feature: a comprehensive web-based feature extraction tool
Authors: Nikam Rahul , Gromiha M Michael 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Motivation
Machine learning techniques require various descriptors from protein and nucleic acid sequences to understand/predict their structure and function as well as distinguishing between disease and neutral mutations. Hence, availability of a feature extraction tool is necessary to bridge the gap.

Results
We developed a comprehensive web-based tool, Seq2Feature, which computes 252 protein and 41 DNA sequence-based descriptors. These features include physicochemical, energetic and conformational properties of proteins, mutation matrices and contact potentials as well as nucleotide composition, physicochemical and conformational properties of DNA. We propose that Seq2Feature could serve as an effective tool for extracting protein and DNA sequence-based features as applicable inputs to machine learning algorithms.

Availability and implementation
https://www.iitm.ac.in/bioinfo/SBFE/index.html.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
snakePipes: facilitating flexible, scalable and integrative epigenomic analysis
Authors: Bhardwaj Vivek , Heyne Steffen , Sikora Katarzyna , Rabbani Leily , Rauer Michael , Kilpert Fabian , Richter Andreas S , Ryan Devon P , Manke Thomas 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Summary
Due to the rapidly increasing scale and diversity of epigenomic data, modular and scalable analysis workflows are of wide interest. Here we present snakePipes, a workflow package for processing and downstream analysis of data from common epigenomic assays: ChIP-seq, RNA-seq, Bisulfite-seq, ATAC-seq, Hi-C and single-cell RNA-seq. snakePipes enables users to assemble variants of each workflow and to easily install and upgrade the underlying tools, via its simple command-line wrappers and yaml files.

Availability and implementation
snakePipes can be installed via conda: `conda install -c mpi-ie -c bioconda -c conda-forge snakePipes’. Source code (https://github.com/maxplanck-ie/snakepipes) and documentation (https://snakepipes.readthedocs.io/en/latest/) are available online.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.