bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Propriedades psicométricas da versão Torga do Teste Stroop
Authors: Garcia Inês Queiroz , Pessoa Inês Amaral , Monteiro Bárbara , Daniel Fernanda , Lemos Laura , Espirito Santo Helena 
Published: February 2019

Objetivos: Uma nova versão portuguesa do teste Stroop é fundamental para a avaliação neuropsicológica. A versão portuguesa prévia incluía cores que muitas pessoas não conseguiam distinguir. Assim, é objetivo descrever as propriedades psicométricas de uma nova versão, designada versão Torga do Teste Stroop, numa amostra da população portuguesa.Métodos: Inserida no projeto Estudos Normativos de Instrumentos Neuropsicológicos, esta investigação conta com uma amostra global constituída por 544 participantes (241 homens e 303 mulheres) com idades compreendidas entre os 18 e os 97 anos. A avaliação foi realizada com recurso à versão Torga do Teste Stroop, à Figura Complexa de Rey-Osterrieth e à Bateria de Avaliação Frontal enquanto instrumentos de avaliação das funções executivas.Resultados: A versão Torga do Teste Stroop revelou uma consistência interna muito boa (α de Cronbach = 0,99). Revelou também adequada estabilidade temporal e validade convergente.Conclusão: A versão Torga do Teste Stroop aparenta ser um instrumento apropriado à avaliação neuropsicológica de adultos portugueses. Considerando a importância deste teste no contexto da avaliação neuropsicológica, incentivam-se estudos com novas amostras, incluindo amostras clínicas.
CNTN5-/+or EHMT2-/+human iPSC-derived neurons from individuals with autism develop hyperactive neuronal networks
Authors: Deneault Eric , Faheem Muhammad , White Sean H , Rodrigues Deivid C , Sun Song , Wei Wei , Piekna Alina , Thompson Tadeo , Howe Jennifer L , Chalil Leon , Kwan Vickie , Walker Susan , Pasceri Peter , Roth Frederick P , Yuen Ryan KC , Singh Karun K , Ellis James , Scherer Stephen W 
Published: February 2019

Induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived neurons are increasingly used to model Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), which is clinically and genetically heterogeneous. To study the complex relationship of penetrant and weaker polygenic risk variants to ASD, ‘isogenic’ iPSC-derived neurons are critical. We developed a set of procedures to control for heterogeneity in reprogramming and differentiation, and generated 53 different iPSC-derived glutamatergic neuronal lines from 25 participants from 12 unrelated families with ASD. Heterozygous de novo and rare-inherited presumed-damaging variants were characterized in ASD risk genes/loci. Combinations of putative etiologic variants (GLI3/KIF21A or EHMT2/UBE2I) in separate families were modeled. We used a multi-electrode array, with patch-clamp recordings, to determine a reproducible synaptic phenotype in 25% of the individuals with ASD (other relevant data on the remaining lines was collected). Our most compelling new results revealed a consistent spontaneous network hyperactivity in neurons deficient for CNTN5 or EHMT2. The biobank of iPSC-derived neurons and accompanying genomic data are available to accelerate ASD research.Editorial note: This article has been through an editorial process in which authors decide how to respond to the issues raised during peer review. The Reviewing Editor's assessment is that all the issues have been addressed (<xref ref-type="decision-letter" rid="SA1">see decision letter</xref>).
Defining host–pathogen interactions employing an artificial intelligence workflow
Authors: Fisch Daniel , Yakimovich Artur , Clough Barbara , Wright Joseph , Bunyan Monique , Howell Michael , Mercer Jason , Frickel Eva 
Published: February 2019

For image-based infection biology, accurate unbiased quantification of host–pathogen interactions is essential, yet often performed manually or using limited enumeration employing simple image analysis algorithms based on image segmentation. Host protein recruitment to pathogens is often refractory to accurate automated assessment due to its heterogeneous nature. An intuitive intelligent image analysis program to assess host protein recruitment within general cellular pathogen defense is lacking. We present HRMAn (Host Response to Microbe Analysis), an open-source image analysis platform based on machine learning algorithms and deep learning. We show that HRMAn has the capacity to learn phenotypes from the data, without relying on researcher-based assumptions. Using Toxoplasma gondii and Salmonella enterica Typhimurium we demonstrate HRMAn’s capacity to recognize, classify and quantify pathogen killing, replication and cellular defense responses. HRMAn thus presents the only intelligent solution operating at human capacity suitable for both single image and high content image analysis.Editorial note: This article has been through an editorial process in which the authors decide how to respond to the issues raised during peer review. The Reviewing Editor's assessment is that all the issues have been addressed (<xref ref-type="decision-letter" rid="SA1">see decision letter</xref>).
Nation-scale primary prevention to reduce newly incident adolescent drug use: the issue of lag time
Authors: Cheng Hui G. , Augustin Dukernse , Glass Eric H. , Anthony James C. 
Published: February 2019

Background
There is limited evidence about the effects of United States (US) nation-level policy changes on the incidence of alcohol drinking and tobacco smoking. To investigate the potential primary prevention effects on precocious drug use and to clarify lag-time issues, we estimated incidence rates for specified intervals anticipating and lagging after drug policy enactment. Our hypotheses are (a) reductions in underage drinking or smoking onset and (b) increases of incidence at the legal age (i.e., 21 for drinking and 18 for smoking).

Methods
The study population is 12–23-year-old non-institutionalized US civilian residents. Estimates are from 30 community samples drawn to be nationally representative for the US National Surveys on Drug Use and Health 1979–2015. Estimates were year-by-year annual incidence rates for alcohol drinking and tobacco smoking by 12–23-year-olds, age by age. Meta-regressions estimate age-specific incidence over time.

Results
Incidence of underage alcohol drinking declined and followed a trend line that started before 1984 enactment of the National Minimum Drinking Age Act, but increased drinking incidence for 21 year olds was observed approximately 10 years after policy enactment. Eight years after the Synar amendment enactment, evidence of reduced smoking incidence started to emerge. Among 18 year olds, a slight increase in tobacco smoking incidence occurred about 10 years after the Synar amendment.

Conclusion
Once nation-level policies affecting drug sales to minors are enacted, one might have to wait almost a decade before seeing tangible policy effects on drug use incidence rates.
Postsurgical Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer and Macular Thickness Analysis by Optical Coherence Tomography in Hypermature Cataract of Presenile Patients
Authors: Siddique Mir Alam , Sarma Arup Jyoti Dev , Hasan Kamal , Sultana Nasima , Ahmed Sultana Jesmin 
Published: February 2019

Purpose:
To study the changes in retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and fast macular thickness (FMT) after cataract surgery in presenile patients with hypermature cataract.

Methods:
It was a clinical randomized study in 157 eyes of 157 patients who underwent uneventful cataract surgery with intraocular lens (IOL) implantation performed by a single surgeon. All patients were aged between 40-55 years. One group underwent phacoemulsification (PHACO) procedure and the other group underwent small incision cataract surgery (SICS) procedure. The operated eyes were examined on the preoperative day, 1st postoperative day, 2nd week, 6th week, 12th week and 24th week after surgery using FMT and RNFL protocol of optical coherence tomography (OCT). Patients having any other eye diseases were excluded from the study.

Results:
Macular thickness after PHACO and SICS were found to be highest at 6th post operative week, with a mean average value of 227.45±26.46µm and 206.71±25.36µm in SICS and PHACO group respectively. Small incision cataract surgery group had significantly higher thickness than the phacoemulsification group (p=0.001). Difference of RNFL thickness between PHACO and SICS was found to be highest during 6th week follow up (p=0.001), with a mean average value of 94.65±16.82µm and 92.21±16.66µm respectively.

Conclusion:
This novel study reveals that surgery on hypermature cataract of presenile patients affects the RNFL and macular thickness. These changes are highest during the 6th postoperative week, resolving gradually towards the 24th postoperative week. There is a significant difference in postoperative increase in macular and RNFL thickness between SICS and phacoemulsification surgery procedures, both being significantly higher in the SICS group than the phacoemulsification group, the highest difference being at 6th postoperative week. It indicates PHACO to be a preferable surgery in presenile hypermature cataract with regard to postoperative increase in macular and RNFL thickness.
A Clinical Profile of Causes of Visual Impairment at an Urban Health Centre in Goa
Authors: Cacodcar Jagadish A. , Usgaonkar Ugam , Raiturcar Tanvi Poy , Dhupdale Nitin 
Published: February 2019

Background:
Many studies have been conducted in urban areas in other Indian states to study the profile of causes of visual impairment; however, such a study was lacking in Goa.

Methods:
The study was conducted between January to March 2018, after Institutional ethical committee approval. The study population included 200 patients residing in households registered under the urban health centre in Santa Cruz Goa, who attended the Ophthalmology speciality outreach clinic. After informed consent, patients were interviewed based on a pre-tested proforma. Socio-demographic details and history was obtained and a detailed ophthalmic examination was done.

Results:
42.5% were between 41-60 years of age, 75% used LPG as fuel; 44% participants had completed higher secondary education or graduation while only 4.5% were illiterate. 77% had no visual impairment, visual impairment Grade 1 and 2 was present in 14.5% and 4% respectively. 4.5% were grouped as blind. 87.5% had refractive errors, 0.5% had corneal opacities, 20% had cataract, 4% had glaucoma, 2% had optic atrophy, 7% had retinal and macular involvement.

Conclusion:
A high prevalence of refractive errors and cataract was noted, which are both causes of preventable blindness and can only be prevented by creating awareness by means of health education.
A Multimaterial Microphysiological Platform Enabled by Rapid Casting of Elastic Microwires
Authors: Zhao Yimu , Wang Erika Yan , Davenport Locke Huyer , Liao Yin , Yeager Keith , Vunjak‐Novakovic Gordana , Radisic Milica , Zhang Boyang 
Published: February 2019

AbstractDue to escalating drug developmental costs and limitations of cardiotoxicity screening, there is an urgent need to develop robust in vitro 3D tissue culture platforms that can both facilitate the culture of human cardiac tissues and provide noninvasive functional readouts predictive of cardiotoxicity in clinical settings. However, such platforms commonly require complex fabrication procedures that are difficult to scale up to high‐throughput testing platforms. Here, innovative multimaterial processing into a scalable and functional platform is proposed in the format of a 96‐well plate. Three classes of materials are integrated into the platform. An array of soft elastic microwires is used both as anchors for tissue formation as well as sensors for recording tissue contraction. Conductive carbon electrodes are embedded into the plate to drive electrical stimulation for tissue maturation and pace tissue contraction during drug testing. The bulk of the device is made of rigid polystyrene plastic to eliminate drug‐absorbing polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). The platform has higher throughput than the current state‐of‐the‐art devices, at a significantly reduced cost of manufacturing and tissue production.
Chinese consumers’ preferences for quality signals on fresh milk: Brand versus certification
Authors: Ding Yulian , Veeman Michele M. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThis study examines the influences of brand and certification on Chinese consumers’ choices of fresh milk products. Specifically, we examine interrelationships between brand and certification for fresh milk and how trust and consumption habits affect consumers’ reactions to these different quality signals. Our results show that Chinese consumers tend to buy branded rather than unbranded fresh milk products and that fresh milk carrying quality certifications is also preferred. We find evidence of both substitution and complementary effects between brands and certifications. Results from a latent class model reveal three latent consumer groups for fresh milk: brand/certification seekers, price‐sensitive shoppers, and habitual buyers. Habitual buyers are loyal to the brand they most frequently purchase, whereas respondents who exhibit higher levels of trust and education are more likely to be brand/certification seekers. [EconLit Citations: Q13; D12].
Formation of heart‐shaped cavern model in stirring pseudoplastic fluid with the impeller of perturbed six‐bend‐blade turbine
Authors: Luan Deyu , Chen Yiming , Wang Hong , Wang Zhaorui , Wang Songsong , Li Longbin 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe cavern characteristics of xanthan gum solution stirred with the impeller of perturbed six‐bend‐blade turbine (6PBT impeller) were studied based on CFD laminar flow model. The heart‐shaped cavern model was presented for predicting the cavern development accurately, and the predicted results were made a contrastive analysis with that of other existing cavern models. Results showed that the calculated values agreed well with the data measured by PIV, which validated the laminar flow model. The correction coefficient k = 0.64 is more suitable to revise the characteristic parameter a in the equation of the heart‐shaped cavern model. As a result, the heart‐shaped model always keeps high prediction accuracy at the cavern boundary. The cavern boundary curves predicted by the heart‐shaped model are in good agreement with the results of CFD simulation, and the cavern development along the axial height can be also realistically exhibited. The heart‐shaped cavern model will contribute to increase the prediction accuracy of cavern development.
Synthesis, Characterisation and Antimicrobial Studies of some 2,6‐bis(1,2,3‐Triazol‐4‐yl)Pyridine Ruthenium(II) “Click” Complexes
Authors: van Hilst Quinn V. C. , Vasdev Roan A. S. , Preston Dan , Findlay James A. , Scottwell Synøve Ø. , Giles Gregory I. , Brooks Heather J. L. , Crowley James D. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractA family of homo‐ and hetero‐leptic ruthenium(II) bis‐tridentate complexes generated from 2,6‐bis(1‐R‐1,2,3‐triazol‐4‐yl)pyridine “click” ligands (R‐tripy) with either aliphatic or aromatic substituents were synthesized (35–97%). The family of compounds were tested for antimicrobial activity in vitro against both Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus, ATCC 25923) and Escherichia coli (E. coli, ATCC 25922) bacteria. The antibacterial activity showed dependence on the alkyl chain length of the [Ru(R‐tripy)2]2+ (Cl−)2 complexes, with the best activity occurring for the three complexes featuring either hexyl or heptyl substituents on the ligands. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) for the most active mononuclear complex [Ru(hexyltripy)(heptyltripy)]2+ (Cl−)2 were 2 μg/mL and 8 μg/mL respectively against S. aureus and E. coli. The three most active complexes were screened against other pathogenic bacteria, including two strains of Methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA). The compounds showed good activity against the Gram positive strains (MIC=4–8 μg/mL) but were less effective against Gram negative bacteria (MIC=8–16 μg/mL). Cytotoxicity experiments with eukaryotic cells lines (cancer and skin) suggested that the R‐tripy ligands and complexes were reasonably cytotoxic (IC50=2–25 μM) and displayed little to no selectivity for bacteria over eukaryotic cells lines.
Photoinduzierte, reversible Fest‐flüssig‐Übergänge unter Verwendung photoschaltbarer Materialien
Authors: Xu Wen‐Cong , Sun Shaodong , Wu Si 
Published: February 2019

AbstractHeizen und Kühlen kann reversible Fest‐flüssig‐Übergänge induzieren. Demgegenüber lassen sich in einigen neu entwickelten Azobenzolverbindungen durch athermische, photochemische Prozesse reversible Fest‐flüssig‐Übergänge auslösen. Azobenzol ist photoschaltbar: UV‐Licht induziert die trans‐zu‐cis‐Isomerisierung; sichtbares Licht oder Wärme induziert die cis‐zu‐trans‐Isomerisierung. trans‐ und cis‐Isomere haben in der Regel unterschiedliche Schmelzpunkte (Tm) oder Glasübergangstemperaturen (Tg). Wenn Tm‐ oder Tg‐Werte des trans‐ und cis‐Isomers einer Azobenzolverbindung oberhalb bzw. unterhalb der Raumtemperatur liegen, kann Licht reversible Fest‐flüssig‐Übergänge induzieren. In diesem Aufsatz stellen wir Azobenzolverbindungen vor, die photoinduzierte, reversible Fest‐flüssig‐Übergänge aufweisen, diskutieren die Mechanismen und Konstruktionsprinzipien und zeigen ihre Einsatzmöglichkeiten in heilbaren Beschichtungen, Klebstoffen, Transferdruck, Lithographie, Aktuatoren, Kraftstoffen und Gastrennung. Zum Schluss diskutieren wir die verbleibenden Herausforderungen in diesem Bereich.
Illuminating the Function of the Hydroxyl Radical in the Brains of Mice with Depression Phenotypes by Two‐Photon Fluorescence Imaging
Authors: Wang Xin , Li Ping , Ding Qi , Wu Chuanchen , Zhang Wen , Tang Bo 
Published: February 2019

AbstractDepression is intimately linked with oxidative stress. As one of the most reactive and oxidative reactive oxygen species that is overproduced during oxidative stress, the hydroxyl radical (.OH) can cause macromolecular damage and subsequent neurological diseases. However, due to the high reactivity and low concentration of .OH, precise exploration of .OH in brains remains a challenge. The two‐photon fluorescence probe MD‐B was developed for in situ .OH imaging in living systems. This probe achieves exceptional selectivity towards .OH through the one‐electron oxidation of 3‐methyl‐pyrazolone as a new specific recognition site. MD‐B can be used to map .OH in mouse brain, thereby revealing that increased .OH is positively correlated with the severity of depression phenotypes. Furthermore, .OH has been shown to inactivate deacetylase SIRT1, thereby leading to the occurrence and development of depression phenotypes. This work provides a new strategy for the future treatment of depression.
Clasper Morphology of the Japanese Sawshark, Pristiophorus japonicus Günther, 1870 (Chondrichthyes: Elasmobranchii)
Authors: Moreira Renan A. , de Carvalho Marcelo R. 
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACTSawsharks (Pristiophoriformes) are slender, medium‐sized sharks with elongated, saw‐like snouts, and include the monotypic Pliotrema and Pristiophorus with seven species. The phylogenetic position of sawsharks is still problematic as phylogenetic hypotheses based on morphological and molecular evidence disagree about their relationships, whether closer to batoids (morphological data) or grouped with squaliforms, angelsharks, and hexanchiforms in an all shark higher taxon (molecular data). However, many aspects of the morphology of sawsharks are poorly known. The present article describes the clasper musculature and skeleton of a sawshark (Pristiophorus japonicus); the clasper skeleton of a sawshark is described for the first time. The clasper musculature is similar to squaliforms and most batoids, whereas the clasper skeleton is similar to that found in Squatina and Squalus. However, the ventral marginal, dorsal terminal (dt), and ventral terminal cartilages are distinct and diagnostic at least for Pristiophorus japonicus. Comparisons with galeomorph sharks are necessary to further refine our conclusions in relation to the systematic significance of the clasper muscles and skeleton of the Japanese sawshark. Anat Rec, 302:1666–1670, 2019. © 2019 American Association for Anatomy
miR‐618 Suppresses Metastasis in Gastric Cancer by Downregulating the Expression of TGF‐β2
Authors: Shi Ji , Gong Lijie , Chen Legao , Luo Jungang , Song Guangyuan , Xu Ji , Lv Zhenye , Tao Houquan , Xia Yingjie , Ye Zaiyuan 
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACTRecent studies have demonstrated that microRNAs regulate gene expression and are related to cancer progression. Increasing evidence shows that miR‐618 plays an important role in a variety of tumors, including thyroid carcinomas, breast cancer and lymphoma cancer. However, no studies have examined the expression or function of miR‐618 in gastric cancer (GC). In this study, we examined the effects and molecular mechanisms of miR‐618 in GC. We compared the expression levels of miR‐618 in 90 paired GC tissues and adjacent noncancerous tissues. Cell cycle, apoptosis and transwell assays were performed in GC cells with miR‐618 mimic or inhibitor in vitro. We first used quantitative PCR(qPCR) to show that miR‐618 expression levels were downregulated in GC tissues, which showed statistical significance. Next we used transwell assays to prove that miR‐618 suppressed the invasion and migration capacity of GC cells. Furthermore, screening of the miRDB and Target Scan Human databases indicated TGF‐β2 as a downstream target of miR‐618. In further research, we identified TGF‐β2 as a target gene of miR‐618 by the luciferase reporter assay. Western blot analysis confirmed that TGF‐β2 expression was inversely correlated with miR‐618 expression. In situ hybridization showed that miR‐618 expression level was downregulated in GC tissues. In conclusion, our findings suggest that miR‐618 may function as a tumor suppressor in GC and suppresses metastasis in GC by negatively regulating the transcriptional level of TGF‐β2. Anat Rec, 302:931–940, 2019. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Spatial agent‐based modeling for dedicated energy crop adoption and cellulosic biofuel commercialization
Authors: Jin Enze , Mendis Gamini P. , Sutherland John W. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractDedicated bioenergy crops, such as perennial grass and short rotation trees, qualify as cellulosic biofuel feedstocks to meet the requirements for advanced biofuel according to the expanded Renewable Fuel Standard. The utilization of dedicated energy crops for cellulosic biofuels is still in the early stage, at pilot scale, and the existing cellulosic biorefineries are yet to be commercialized. This study develops an agent‐based model to simulate the spatial diffusion of switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) adoption in Indiana cropland from 2015 to 2027 under various biofuel market scenarios. Results indicate that it would be economically viable to produce 1.1 billion gallons (4.2 billion liters) cellulosic ethanol from switchgrass annually in Indiana until 2023, given an average annual farm‐gate price of $123.93 t−1 for the feedstock. This study also finds that the high productivity of switchgrass can increase the adoption rates of farmers and secure a stable feedstock supply. It also reveals that the high equipment costs required for scaling up production capacity and the high variable operating cost of cellulosic biofuel production will inhibit the viability of commercializing cellulosic biofuels with a stable supply of feedstock. Financial incentives for cellulosic biofuel production have a significant impact on promoting the adoption of dedicated energy crops in Indiana. This paper provides useful insights for biorefinery development and policy making to facilitate the commercialization of cellulosic biofuels by explaining the effects of the decisions of farmers on the adoption of dedicated energy crops. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.