bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Platelet Suruival and Function in Rats with Enhanced Thrombotic Tendency
Authors: Delaini Federica , Dejana Elisabetta , Reyers Ine , Vicenzi Elisa , Vitti Germana De Bellis , Poggi Andreina , Donati Maria Benedetta 
Published: July 2018

SummaryWe have investigated the relevance of some laboratory tests of platelet function in predicting conditions of thrombotic tendency. For this purpose, we studied platelet survival, platelet aggregation in response to different stimuli, TxB2 and 6-keto-PGFlα production in serum of rats bearing a nephrotic syndrome induced by adriamycin. These animals show a heavy predisposition to the development of both arterial and venous thrombosis. The mean survival time was normal in nephrotic rats in comparison to controls. As to aggregation tests, a lower aggregating response was found in ADR-treated rats using ADP or collagen as stimulating agents. With arachidonic acid (AA) we observed similar aggregating responses at lower A A concentrations, whereas at higher AA concentrations a significantly lower response was found in nephrotic rats, despite their higher TxB2 production. Also TxB2 and 6-keto-PGFlα levels in serum of nephrotic rats were significantly higher than in controls. No consistent differences were found in PGI2-activity generated by vessels of control or nephrotic rats.These data show that platelet function may appear normal or even impaired in rats with a markedly increased thrombotic tendency. On the other hand, the significance of high TxB2 levels in connection with mechanisms leading to thrombus formation remains a controversial issue.
Utilidad de la ecografía Doppler color en el seguimiento de la angioplastia carotídea
Authors: Surur Alberto M. , Crespo Germán , Galindez Jorge A. , Pessini Lucas , Marangoni Marco A. , Londero Hugo F. 
Published: July 2018

ResumenLos ataques cerebrovasculares (ACV), representan un problema mayor en salud y son una causa importante de discapacidad en todo el mundo. La estenosis u oclusión carotídea aterosclerótica causa alrededor del 20% de las isquemias cerebrovasculares.1 Los ACV en los enfermos con estenosis carotídea se producen, en la mayoría de los casos, por la aparición de embolismos distales de trombo formado en la placa, oclusión trombótica aguda debido a rotura de la placa, o bien secundarios a las alteraciones hemodinámicas atribuibles a la estenosis, la cual produce disminución de la perfusión cerebral por el hipoflujo, en casos de estenosis críticas o suboclusivas. El tratamiento de la patología carotídea ha evolucionado de forma considerable a lo largo de los últimos años. Existen dos tratamientos invasivos para la estenosis carotídea significativa, que consisten en el abordaje quirúrgico con endarterectomía o tratamiento por vía percutánea con angioplastia y colocación de stent. En nuestra institución se realizaron, en el periodo comprendido entre marzo de 2013 y junio de 2017, aproximadamente 100 angioplastias carotídeas con colocación de stent. Todas fueron valoradas con ecografía Doppler color (EDC) al mes, a los seis meses y al año (en casos no complicados). En esta revisión bibliográfica es nuestra intención desarrollar las indicaciones, aplicaciones, hallazgos normales y patológicos en el examen de EDC en la evaluación de un paciente con stent carotídeo.
Case Report: A New Spectroscopy Finding in Infantile Neuroaxonal Dystrophy
Authors: Martin Andrew , Jamali Saharwash , Redhead Natasha , Armitage Paul , Desurkar Archana , Connolly Daniel J. A. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractInfantile neuroaxonal dystrophy (INAD) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder that is associated with developmental delay and regression. A female patient of consanguineous parents presented with gross motor delay at 15 months. She was known to have two paternal uncles who had died with a diagnosis of INAD. Over the next 15 months, she exhibited regression in several domains and following genetic testing was diagnosed with a PLA2G6 mutation in keeping with INAD. The cerebellar vermis demonstrated a significant reduction in the N-acetylaspartate/creatinine (NAA/Cr) ratio of 0.69. This case highlights what we believe to be a new imaging feature of a low NAA/Cr ratio in the cerebellar vermis with normal ratios in the cerebellar hemispheres and basal ganglia in a patient with genetically confirmed diagnosis of INAD.
Immediate Unilateral Breast Reconstruction using Abdominally Based Flaps: Analysis of 3,310 Cases
Authors: Simpson Andrew , Ye Xiangyang , Tatro Eric , Agarwal Jayant , Kwok Alvin 
Published: July 2018

Background The abdomen is the most common area from which tissue is harvested for autologous breast reconstruction. We sought to examine national data to determine the differences in total hospital charges, length of stay (LOS), and early postoperative complications following pedicled transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous flap (pTRAM), free TRAM (fTRAM), deep-inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP), and superficial inferior epigastric artery perforator (SIEA) flaps.
Methods The 2009–2013 Nationwide Inpatient Sample Database was used to identify patients who underwent a unilateral mastectomy and only one type of abdominally based autologous flap (pTRAM, fTRAM, DIEP, and SIEA) during the same hospital admission. Outcomes of interest included total charges, LOS, and complications including revision of vascular anastomosis and hematoma.
Results A total of 3,310 cases were identified, corresponding to 15,991 abdominally based unilateral immediate breast reconstructions after standard weighting was applied; 5,079 (31.8%) were pTRAM flaps, 4,461 (27.9%) were fTRAM flaps, 6,206 (38.8%) were DIEP flaps, and 245 (1.5%) were SIEA flaps. The mean total charges for pTRAM, fTRAM, DIEP, and SIEA flaps were $17,765.5, $22,637.6, $25,814.6, and $26,605.2, respectively (p < 0.0001). The mean LOS for pTRAM, fTRAM, DIEP, and SIEA flaps were 96.5, 106.5, 106.7, and 108.9 hours, respectively (p = 0.002). The rates for return to the OR for the revision of a vascular anastomosis for pTRAM, fTRAM, DIEP, and SIEA were 0.0%, 1.72%, 2.66%, and 5.64%, respectively (p < 0.0001).
Conclusions There is variation in the total charges, LOS, and early complications between pTRAM, fTRAM, DIEP, and SIEA flap-based breast reconstruction. fTRAM, DIEP, and SIEA flaps incur higher hospital total charges, have longer lengths of stay, and experience more immediate complications compared with pTRAM. Well-designed prospective trials are required to better understand the findings from this study with the inclusion of other critical outcomes such as patient satisfaction, aesthetic results, and long-term outcomes such as abdominal wall morbidity.
Long-Term Outcomes after Double Free Flap Reconstruction for Locally Advanced Head and Neck Cancer
Authors: Brinkman J. , Kambiz Shoista , de Jong Tim , Mureau Marc 
Published: July 2018

Background The use of simultaneous, multiple free flaps has become a reliable reconstructive option in patients with extensive composite defects after resection of locally advanced head and neck cancer. However, some reluctance remains among reconstructive surgeons with concerns regarding flap outcomes and limited patient survival. Therefore, we evaluated complications, long-term patient survival, and patient-reported outcomes following these extensive head and neck reconstructions.
Methods All consecutive patients treated with multiple free flaps for reconstruction of extensive composite defects after resection of locally advanced head and neck cancer between 1999 and 2014 were retrospectively reviewed. Patient charts were evaluated for demographics, treatment details, complications, and patient survival. In addition, all patients alive at the start of the study were asked to complete the 10-item Eat Assessment Tool (EAT-10) and the Intelligibility Rating Scale (IRS).
Results Eighty-four simultaneous, multiple free flaps were performed in 42 patients. The predominant free flap combination consisted of a fibula with either an anterolateral thigh (n = 22) or a radial forearm flap (n = 14). Complete flap survival was 95%. Nineteen patients were still alive with a mean follow-up of 55 months. Five-year patient survival was 46.3%. Mean EAT-10 score was 8.4 (range: 0–29), with only one patient reporting problematic swallowing. Ninety percent of the patients had moderate to good speech intelligibility with the IRS.
Conclusion Multiple, simultaneous free flaps can be performed safely, leading to acceptable long-term patient survival and patient-reported functional outcomes. Our study demonstrates that it is worthwhile to perform these challenging microvascular reconstructions in patients with locally advanced head and neck cancer.
Tearing of Indian mantle lithosphere from high-resolution seismic images and its implications for lithosphere coupling in southern Tibet
Authors: Li Jiangtao , Song Xiaodong 
Published: July 2018

SignificanceWe show high-resolution P and S images of the subducted Indian mantle lithosphere, which has been torn into four main pieces. The tearing provides a unified mechanism for (i) Late Miocene and Quaternary rifting, (ii) mantle earthquakes in southern and central Tibet, and (iii) patterns of current crustal deformation (seismicity and GPS strain rate). It suggests (iv) that the deformations of the crust and the mantle lithosphere in southern Tibet are strongly coupled and thus we need to take a “deeper view” to understand the Himalayan–Tibetan continental deformation and evolution. The geometry of the Indian mantle lithosphere and the above issues are of fundamental importance and have been debated for decades. The proposed model has implications across geoscience disciplines.
In vivo replacement of damaged bladder urothelium by Wolffian duct epithelial cells
Authors: Joseph Diya B. , Chandrashekar Anoop S. , Abler Lisa L. , Chu Li-Fang , Thomson James A. , Mendelsohn Cathy , Vezina Chad M. 
Published: July 2018

SignificanceWhen the bladder’s specialized epithelial lining is damaged by infection or injury, its own basal and intermediate cell progenitors are called upon to restore a functional barrier. Here we show that when these progenitor cells are depleted in conditionalDnmt1mutant mice, Wolffian duct epithelial cells migrate into the bladder, acquire bladder epithelial cell characteristics, and restore expression of uroplakin, a critical component of barrier function. This is a demonstration of in vivo replacement of damaged bladder epithelium by nonbladder epithelial cells. The capacity of Wolffian duct epithelial cells to replace damaged urothelium can potentially be leveraged for bladder replacement therapies which are often necessitated in patients with carcinoma or neurogenic bladder.
Early metal use and crematory practices in the American Southeast
Authors: Sanger Matthew C. , Hill Mark A. , Lattanzi Gregory D. , Padgett Brian D. , Larsen Clark Spencer , Culleton Brendan J. , Kennett Douglas J. , Dussubieux Laure , Napolitano Matthew F. , Lacombe Sébastien , Thomas David Hurst 
Published: July 2018

Significance
Chemical sourcing of a Late Archaic (ca. 4100–3980 cal B.P.) copper artifact reveals extensive trade networks linking the coastal southeastern United States with the Great Lakes. Found alongside the cremated remains of at least seven individuals and in the direct center of a plaza defined by a circular shell midden, the copper artifact demonstrates the existence of long-distance networks that transmitted both objects and mortuary practices. In contrast with models that assume coastal hunter-gatherer-fishers typically lived in small, simple societies, we propose that trading for and utilizing copper is evidence of emergent hierarchical social organization during the Archaic and the likelihood that power was gained and displayed during large-scale gatherings and ceremonial events.
Saving face online
Authors: Hopkinson Christopher 
Published: July 2018

Working within an interactional-pragmatic framework, this chapter reports on a study of hoteliers’ responses to negative customer reviews on the TripAdvisor website, exploring the significance of facework and rapport management strategies as means of persuasion. Negative reviews represent face-threatening acts which endanger the business’s institutional face, while responses offer an opportunity for face-saving and rapport-building; to maximize persuasive effect, respondents must strike a balance between their own face needs and those of the complainant. The study also explores the extent to which respondents’ persuasive strategies reflect the presence of third parties (readers of the website), as the complaint-response sequence – formerly a private genre – is now increasingly enacted in the public domain.
Without fear or favour?
Authors: Delgado Luchner Carmen , Kherbiche Leïla 
Published: July 2018

AbstractInterpreting in complex transnational contexts has emerged as a recent area of interest for translation and interpreting scholars. These contexts provide a fertile ground for a sociological conceptualization of interpreting, as an emergent practice situated at the interface of individual agency and a socio-professional context. Drawing on our experiences in training interpreters for the ICRC and the UNHCR we develop a positionality-based understanding of ‘humanitarian interpreting’ and define this new analytical category. Based on two paradigmatic profiles of humanitarian interpreters, we present a comparative analysis of the intrinsic and relational factors shaping the positionality of ICRC and UNHCR interpreters in the humanitarian field and describe some of the ethical dilemmas these interpreters face. We furthermore discuss potential similarities and differences between interpreting in humanitarian and other contexts, such as military operations and asylum settings.
Investigating interpreters’ empathy
Authors: Korpal Paweł , Jasielska Aleksandra 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
An experimental study was conducted to examine whether simultaneous interpreters
are affected by the speaker’s emotions. To this end, two measures of emotion
were used: galvanic skin response (GSR) as a marker of emotional arousal, and
SUPIN – the Polish adaptation of PANAS (Positive and Negative Affect Schedule).
A group of interpreters with Polish as their A language and English as their B
language (N = 20) took part in the experiment. They were asked
to simultaneously interpret two speeches (recordings accompanied by video) from
Polish into English: a neutral speech and an emotional speech. The results show
that the interpreters are indeed affected by the speaker’s emotions, which is
reflected in both a greater galvanic skin response and higher SUPIN scores for
the emotional speech, when compared to the neutral speech and baseline values.
The results may shed new light on the importance of emotion processing in
simultaneous interpreting.
Free convection of nanoliquids in an enclosure with sinusoidal heating
Authors: Sivasankaran S. , Aasaithambi T. , Bhuvaneswari M. , Rajan S. 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
The goal of the current numerical research is to explore the convection of different nanoliquids in a square cavity. The temperature at left wall varies sinusoidally whereas the temperature at right wall is kept as constant. The horizontal walls are taken as adiabatic. The finite volume method is utilized to discretize the governing equations and the solutions are found iteratively for diverse combinations of relevant parameters involved in the study. It is established that the energy transfer enhances with raising the nanoliquid volume fraction. The growth in the averaged energy transport strongly depends on the nanoparticle chosen.
Study of a peptide with a drug using ultrasonic velocity and molecular modelling techniques
Authors: Padmavathy R , Dhanalakshmi K , Radha N 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Peptides are amazing diverse and multi-faceted class of compounds constructed from relatively simple building blocks, the amino acids. The ultrasonic velocity (U), density (ρ) and viscosity (
η
) measurements have been carried out for peptide with fixed concentration of the sulfadrug in non - aqueous solution of ternary mixture at 308.15 K. Internal pressure and free volume are thermodynamic parameters computed in the present study. Experimental data have been used to estimate the internal pressure (
π

i and free volume (Vf).The results are discussed in terms of structure making/breaking effects of drug in non-aqueous solution. The Insilco studies indicate the binding positions of the peptide and sulfa drug to active sites on three different types of proteins.
A Bayesian mixture modeling approach for public health surveillance
Authors: Boulieri Areti , Bennett James E , Blangiardo Marta 
Published: July 2018

SummarySpatial monitoring of trends in health data plays an important part of public health surveillance. Most commonly, it is used to understand the etiology of a public health issue, to assess the impact of an intervention, or to provide detection of unusual behavior. In this article, we present a Bayesian mixture model for public health surveillance, which is able to provide estimates of the disease risk in space and time, and also to detect areas with unusual behavior. The model is designed to deal with a range of spatial and temporal patterns in the data, and with time series of different lengths. We carry out a simulation study to assess the performance of the model under different scenarios, and we compare it against a recently proposed Bayesian model for short time series. Finally, the proposed model is used for surveillance of road traffic accidents data in England over the years 2005–2015.
C/EBPβ Deletion Promotes Expansion of Poorly Functional Intestinal Regulatory T Cells
Authors: Collins Colm B , Puthoor Pamela R , Nguyen Tom T , Strassheim Derek , Jedlicka Paul , Friedman Jacob E , de Zoeten Edwin F 
Published: July 2018

Abstract

Background and Aims
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases [IBDs] are chronic intestinal inflammatory conditions in part mediated by CD4+ T cells. Anti-inflammatory Foxp3+ regulatory T cells [Tregs] maintain immune homeostasis and protect against IBD development via multiple mechanisms, including cytokine secretion and cell–cell interaction. CCAAT enhancer binding protein-beta [C/EBPβ] is a stress-responsive transcription factor linked with IBD susceptibility. Whole-body C/EBPβ deficiency induces CD4+ T cell–predominant hyperproliferation, and we hypothesize that this may be due to impaired Treg function.

Methods
We used the C/EBPβ–/– mice in the CD45RBHigh adoptive transfer model, to assess C/EBPβ–/– CD4+ T cells for their colitiogenic potential, and C/EBPβ–/– CD4+ Foxp3+ Tregs for their ability to inhibit colitis. We assessed Tregs from the C/EBPβ–/– mice for expression of Treg functional genes and proteins.

Results
Naïve C/EBPβ–/– CD4+ T cells are more colitogenic in vivo. The exacerbated colitis does not appear to reflect impaired Treg development, however, as C/EBPβ–/– mice displayed more, rather than fewer intestinal CD4+Foxp3+ Tregs in vivo. Instead, this reflects impaired Treg function as seen by the reduced capacity to suppress T cell proliferation in vitro, along with decreased secretion of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. These findings were corroborated in vivo by additional adoptive co-transfer studies in which wildtype Tregs prevented colitis but C/EBPβ–/– Tregs did not.

Conclusion
C/EBPβ deficiency impairs Treg function and potentiates T cell–mediated colitis. A clearer understanding of the function of this transcription factor may provide a novel therapeutic strategy for IBD.
A web application to involve patients in the medication reconciliation process: a user-centered usability and usefulness study
Authors: Marien Sophie , Legrand Delphine , Ramdoyal Ravi , Nsenga Jimmy , Ospina Gustavo , Ramon Valéry , Boland Benoit , Spinewine Anne 
Published: July 2018

Abstract

Objective
Medication reconciliation (MedRec) can improve patient safety by resolving medication discrepancies. Because information technology (IT) and patient engagement are promising approaches to optimizing MedRec, the SEAMPAT project aims to develop a MedRec IT platform based on two applications: the “patient app” and the “MedRec app.” This study evaluates three dimensions of the usability (efficiency, satisfaction, and effectiveness) and usefulness of the patient app.

Methods
We performed a four-month user-centered observational study. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected. Participants completed the system usability scale (SUS) questionnaire and a second questionnaire on usefulness. Effectiveness was assessed by measuring the completeness of the medication list generated by the patient application and its correctness (ie medication discrepancies between the patient list and the best possible medication history). Qualitative data were collected from semi-structured interviews, observations and comments, and questions raised by patients.

Results
Forty-two patients completed the study. Sixty-nine percent of patients considered the patient app to be acceptable (SUS Score ≥ 70) and usefulness was high. The medication list was complete for a quarter of the patients (7/28) and there was a discrepancy for 21.7% of medications (21/97). The qualitative data enabled the identification of several barriers (related to functional and non-functional aspects) to the optimization of usability and usefulness.

Conclusions
Our findings highlight the importance and value of user-centered usability testing of a patient application implemented in “real-world” conditions. To achieve adoption and sustained use by patients, the app should meet patients’ needs while also efficiently improving the quality of MedRec.
Next generation pathways into biomedical informatics: lessons from 10 years of the Vanderbilt Biomedical Informatics Summer Internship Program
Authors: Unertl Kim M , Yang Braden Y , Jenkins Rischelle , McCarn Claudia , Rabb Courtney , Johnson Kevin B , Gadd Cynthia S 
Published: July 2018

AbstractObjectivesTo examine roles for summer internship programs in expanding pathways into biomedical informatics, based on 10 years of the Vanderbilt Department of Biomedical Informatics (DBMI) Summer Research Internship Program.Materials and MethodsVanderbilt DBMI’s internship program is a research-intensive paid 8–10 week program for high school, undergraduate, and graduate students. The program is grounded in a “Windows, Mirrors, and Open Doors” educational framework, and is guided by an evolving set of design principles, including providing meaningful research experiences, applying a multi-factor approach to diversity, and helping interns build peer connections.ResultsOver 10 years, 90 individuals have participated in the internship program, with nine students participating for more than one summer. Of 90 participants, 38 were women and 52 were men. Participants represented a range of racial/ethnic groups. A total of 39 faculty members have served as primary mentor for one or more interns. Five key lessons emerged from our program experience: Festina Lente (“Make haste slowly”), The Power of Community, Learning by Doing, Thoughtful Partnerships Lead to Innovation, and The Whole is More Than the Sum of Its Parts.DiscussionBased on our experience, we suggest that internship programs should become a core element of the biomedical informatics educational ecosystem. Continued development and growth of this important educational outreach approach requires stable funding sources and building connections between programs to share best practices.ConclusionInternship programs can play a substantial role in the biomedical informatics educational ecosystem, helping introduce individuals to the field earlier in their educational trajectories.