bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neonatal Skin-to-Skin Contact: Implications for Learning and Autonomic Nervous System Function in Infants With Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: Harrison Tondi M. , Chen Chao-Ying , Stein Phyllis , Brown Roger , Heathcock Jill C. 
Published: February 2019

Background: Infants with complex congenital heart disease (CCHD) often develop neurodevelopmental disabilities. Cognitive abilities are associated with vagally mediated autonomic function. Skin-to-skin contact (SSC) interventions enhance infant neurodevelopment and autonomic function in other high-risk populations. Aim: To examine the effects of a neonatal SSC intervention on learning and autonomic function in 3-month-old infants: infants with CCHD who received neonatal SSC ( n = 10), typically developing (TD) infants ( n = 16), and infants with CCHD without SSC ( n = 10). Methods: This secondary data analysis measured cognitive function using the mobile paradigm (MP), a classic measure of learning based on operant conditioning. Autonomic function was assessed with heart rate (HR) and HR variability (HRV). Data were analyzed with repeated-measures general linear mixed modeling with α = .10 for this exploratory study. Results: Learning rates were TD = 75%, cardiac-SSC = 70%, and cardiac-control = 40%. Learners demonstrated significant reductions in HRV during the MP; nonlearners exhibited no change. TD and cardiac-SSC groups exhibited increases in HR and reductions in HRV during the MP. No significant changes occurred in the cardiac-control group. Nonlinear HRV during the MP differed only in the TD group. Conclusions: Findings suggest improvements in cognitive and autonomic development in 3-month-old infants with CCHD who received neonatal SSC. Learning and autonomic function results in infants with CCHD who had not received SSC suggest reduced capacity to muster the physiologic resources to carry out this cognitive task. Findings provide preliminary evidence in support of implementation of SSC with infants with CCHD and support additional research.
Serum Albumin Trend Is a Predictor of Mortality in ICU Patients With Sepsis
Authors: Kendall Heather , Abreu Eduardo , Cheng An-Lin 
Published: February 2019

Introduction: Patients admitted to the hospital with sepsis are 8 times more likely to die than patients with other diagnoses. There is no diagnostic test that clearly identifies the presence of the dysregulated host response that is central to sepsis. Researchers have identified serum albumin as a possible predictor of mortality in a number of critically ill patient populations. However, these studies primarily focus on the levels on admission, neglecting the clinically significant decrease that occurs subsequently. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between the trend of serum albumin over time and mortality in adults admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) with sepsis. Methods: This retrospective, correlational study used existing medical record data. All patients admitted to the ICU at a Midwestern regional medical center with a primary sepsis diagnosis were included in the initial sample. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the ability of serum albumin to predict mortality. Results: Serum albumin trend, admission serum albumin level, and lowest serum albumin level were significant unique predictors of mortality. The probability of survival decreases by 70.6% when there is a strong negative trend in serum albumin level, by 63.4% when admission serum albumin is ≤2.45 g/dl, and by 76.4% when the lowest serum albumin is ≤1.45 g/dl. Conclusion: Clinicians are encouraged to measure serum albumin levels in patients with sepsis. Low serum albumin levels and a strong negative trend in serial measurements should instigate aggressive monitoring and treatment in this population.
Early-scatter laser photocoagulation promotes the formation of collateral vessels in branch retinal vein occlusion
Authors: An Seoung Hyun , Jeong Woo Jin 
Published: February 2019

Purpose: To investigate the effect of early-scatter laser photocoagulation on the formation of collateral vessels in branch retinal vein occlusion. Methods: The medical records of 40 cases (40 patients) of branch retinal vein occlusion with macular edema were retrospectively reviewed. Of them, 23 patients were treated with intravitreal bevacizumab injection and 17 patients underwent intravitreal bevacizumab injection with additional laser treatment. Early-scatter laser photocoagulation was applied for capillary non-perfusion areas, regardless of retinal neovascularization. Collateral vessel presence, recurrence rate of macular edema, and number of intravitreal bevacizumab injections were compared between the groups. Results: During the follow-up period, collateral vessel formation was noted in 10/23 eyes (43.5%) in the intravitreal bevacizumab injection group and 15/17 eyes (88.2%) in the laser combined treatment group ( p = 0.004). The recurrence rate of macular edema was lower in the laser combined treatment group (29.4%) than in the intravitreal bevacizumab injection group (65.2%); this difference was statistically significant ( p = 0.025). The average numbers of intravitreal bevacizumab injections were 3.57 ± 3.23 in the intravitreal bevacizumab group and 2.14 ± 2.26 in the laser combined treatment group ( p = 0.044). Conclusion: Early-scatter laser photocoagulation promotes collateral vessel formation; the presence of collateral vessels seemed to affect the course of macular edema in branch retinal vein occlusion. Combined early-scatter laser photocoagulation treatment after intravitreal bevacizumab injection lowered the recurrence rate of macular edema and number of intravitreal bevacizumab injections in the cases of branch retinal vein occlusion.
Automated three-dimensional measurements of version, inclination, and subluxation
Authors: Shukla Dave R , McLaughlin Richard J , Lee Julia , Nguyen Ngoc Tram V , Sanchez-Sotelo Joaquin 
Published: February 2019

Background Preoperative planning software has been developed to measure glenoid version, glenoid inclination, and humeral head subluxation on computed tomography (CT) for shoulder arthroplasty. However, most studies analyzing the effect of glenoid positioning on outcome were done prior to the introduction of planning software. Thus, measurements obtained from the software can only be extrapolated to predict failure provided they are similar to classic measurements. The purpose of this study was to compare measurements obtained using classic manual measuring techniques and measurements generated from automated image analysis software. Methods Ninety-five two-dimensional computed tomography scans of shoulders with primary glenohumeral osteoarthritis were measured for version according to Friedman method, inclination according to Maurer method, and subluxation according to Walch method. DICOM files were loaded into an image analysis software (Blueprint, Wright Medical) and the output was compared with values obtained manually using a paired sample t-test. Results Average manual measurements included 13.8° version, 13.2° inclination, and 56.2% subluxation. Average image analysis software values included 17.4° version (3.5° difference, p < 0.0001), 9.2° inclination (3.9° difference, p < 0.001), and 74.2% for subluxation (18% difference, p < 0.0001). Conclusions Glenoid version and inclination values from the software and manual measurement on two-dimensional computed tomography were relatively similar, within approximately 4°. However, subluxation measurements differed by approximately 20%.
Predictors of Hospital-Acquired Conditions Are Predominately Similar for Spine Surgery and Other Common Elective Surgical Procedures, With Some Key Exceptions
Authors: Horn Samantha R. , Pierce Katherine E. , Oh Cheongeun , Segreto Frank A. , Egers Max , Bortz Cole , Vasquez-Montes Dennis , Lafage Renaud , Lafage Virginie , Vira Shaleen , Steinmetz Leah , Ge David H. , Buza John A. , Moon John , Diebo Bassel G. , Alas Haddy , Brown Avery E. , Shepard Nicholas A. , Hassanzadeh Hamid , Passias Peter G. 
Published: February 2019

Study Design: Retrospective review of a prospectively collected database. Objective: To predict the occurrence of hospital-acquired conditions (HACs) 30-days postoperatively and to compare predictors of HACs for spine surgery with other common elective surgeries. Methods: Patients ≥18 years undergoing elective spine surgery were identified in the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS-NSQIP) database from 2005 to 2013. Outcome measures included any HACs: superficial or deep surgical site infection (SSI), venous thromboembolism (VTE), urinary tract infection (UTI). Spine surgery patients were compared with those undergoing other common procedures. Random forest followed by multivariable regression analysis was used to determine risk factors for the occurrence of HACs. Results: A total of 90 551 elective spine surgery patients, of whom 3021 (3.3%) developed at least 1 HAC, 1.4% SSI, 1.3% UTI, and 0.8% VTE. The occurrence of HACs for spine patients was predicted with high accuracy (area under the curve [AUC] 77.7%) with the following variables: female sex, baseline functional status, hypertension, history of transient ischemic attack (TIA), quadriplegia, steroid use, preoperative bleeding disorders, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) class, operating room duration, operative time, and level of residency supervision. Functional status and hypertension were HAC predictors for total knee arthroplasty (TKA), bariatric, and cardiothoracic patients. ASA class and operative time were predictors for most surgery cohorts. History of TIA, preoperative bleeding disorders, and steroid use were less predictive for most other common surgical cohorts. Conclusions: Occurrence of HACs after spine surgery can be predicted with demographic, clinical, and surgical factors. Predictors for HACs in surgical spine patients, also common across other surgical groups, include functional status, hypertension, and operative time. Understanding the baseline patient risks for HACs will allow surgeons to become more effective in their patient selection for surgery.
Correlation of Anterior Interbody Graft Choice With Patient-Reported Outcomes in Cervical Spine Trauma
Authors: Lee Hui Qing , Kow Chien Yew , Ng Jay Shen , Chan Patrick , Ton Lu , Etherington Greg , Liew Susan , Hunn Martin , Fitzgerald Mark , Tee Jin 
Published: February 2019

Study Design: Ambispective observational cohort study. Objectives: Synthetic graft usage avoids morbidity associated with harvest and reduces operative time. This study aims to evaluate outcomes of anterior cervical stabilization surgery using a synthetic cage in comparison with iliac crest bone graft (ICBG) following cervical spine trauma. Methods: An ambispective review was conducted on patients from the Alfred Trauma Registry. Consecutive patients treated at a level 1 trauma center, aged 18 years and older who were treated with standalone anterior cervical stabilization following spine trauma (2011-2016) were included in the study. Primary outcome measures were patient overall satisfaction, Neck Disability Index (NDI), neck pain 10-point visual analogue scale (VAS-neck) and arm pain 10-point visual analogue scale (VAS-arm). Secondary outcome measures were radiographic evidence of fusion and rate of revision surgery. All patients had follow-up for at least 1 year. Results: Between 2011 and 2016, 114 traumatic disc levels in 104 patients were treated. ICBG was used in 32% and polyetheretherketone (PEEK) cage in 68% of the patients. Both groups had similar demographic metrics. There was no significant difference in primary outcome measures between the graft types: (1) patient satisfaction ( P = .15), (2) NDI ( P = .11), (3) VAS-neck ( P = .13), and (4) VAS-arm ( P = .20). Radiology based fusion assessment 6 months postsurgery did not show statistical significance ( P = .10). The rates of revision surgery were similar. Conclusions: This study showed no significant difference in patient-reported outcome measures when comparing the usage of PEEK cage and ICBG in anterior stand alone cervical spine stabilization. Level 1 evidence studies are required to further investigate this finding.
Patient Knowledge and Perception of Radiation Risk in Diagnostic Imaging: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Sweetman Stephen John , Bernard Jason 
Published: February 2019

Background: Informed consent dictates that patients appreciate the risks and benefits of imaging techniques that use ionizing radiation. Computed tomography (CT) and X-ray carry a stochastic lifetime risk of inducing malignancy. This risk is difficult to convey and often overlooked. Objective: This work aims to establish some basics regarding patient knowledge and perception of medical imaging to facilitate an informed consent process. Method: A questionnaire survey was conducted in a general orthopedic outpatient clinic in a United Kingdom tertiary center. Results: There were 219 respondents. Twenty-two percent understood that CT produces ionizing radiation associated with cancer risk, but only 6% knew about cancer risk from natural background radiation. Only 25% knew that CT has a higher cancer risk than X-ray. The majority (93%) knew that smoking poses higher risk than X-rays. The Internet as an information source was statistically associated with concern about X-rays. Conclusions: Patients underestimated CT cancer risk and were unable to compare risk between imaging modalities. Risk can be more effectively conveyed using better known relatable risks as comparators. Patient groups associated with lower knowledge, most in need of education, were highlighted.
A Prospective Study on Hereditary Bias of Age-Related Macular Degeneration
Authors: Gabriel Rami , Toledo-Corral Jaime , Kenney Maria Cristina , Mehta Mitul 
Published: February 2019

Purpose: This study employed a prospective survey to evaluate whether maternal family history or paternal family history is more likely to be found in patients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Methods: Family history of AMD was ascertained through a survey questionnaire of 346 patients who were confirmed by an ophthalmologist to have AMD. To compare proportions of maternally and paternally transmitted disease, the data were treated as pair matched and analyzed using the modified chi-squared McNemar test. Probands with either parent deceased before age 60 were excluded. Further analysis was conducted by grouping wet-AMD and dry-AMD patients. Results: Of the 346 surveys conducted, 91 (26.3%) reported at least 1 parent affected with AMD. Probands were 65.9% women and 44.1% men. The mean ± SD age for men was 74.3 ± 6.3 years and for women 72.7 ± 7.7 years. The average age of proband fathers was 75.0 ± 6.9 years and of proband mothers 80.1 ± 6.0 years. Probands with AMD had a higher proportion of affected mothers than fathers with an odds ratio (OR) of 3.00 and a 95% CI of 1.73 to 5.44, P = .0001. For wet AMD, the OR was 4.0 (95% CI 1.46 to 13.6) and for dry AMD, the OR was 2.6 (95% CI 1.35 to 5.4). Conclusions: Our results indicate that individuals with maternal history of AMD may be at a significantly increased risk for developing AMD than if their father had the disease. Owing to limitations in sample size and discrepancies in lifespan between sexes, further studies will be needed to generalize results. The maternal proclivity in our study sample correlates with literature describing a mitochondrial component in the disease process, soliciting further exploration into mitochondrial etiology and larger hereditary studies.
New insights into hematopoietic differentiation landscapes from single-cell RNA sequencing
Authors: Watcham Sam , Kucinski Iwo , Gottgens Berthold 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Single-cell transcriptomics has recently emerged as a powerful tool to analyze cellular heterogeneity, discover new cell types, and infer putative differentiation routes. The technique has been rapidly embraced by the hematopoiesis research community, and like other technologies before, single-cell molecular profiling is widely expected to make important contributions to our understanding of the hematopoietic hierarchy. Much of this new interpretation relies on inference of the transcriptomic landscape as a representation of existing cellular states and associated transitions among them. Here we review how this model allows, under certain assumptions, charting of time-resolved differentiation trajectories with unparalleled resolution and how the landscape of multipotent cells may be rather devoid of discrete structures, challenging our preconceptions about stem and progenitor cell types and their organization. Finally, we highlight how promising technological advances may convert static differentiation landscapes into a dynamic cell flux model and thus provide a more holistic understanding of normal hematopoiesis and blood disorders.
Serum levels of TARC, MDC, IL-10, and soluble CD163 in Hodgkin lymphoma: a SWOG S0816 correlative study
Authors: Hsi Eric D. , Li Hongli , Nixon Andrew B. , Schöder Heiko , Bartlett Nancy L. , LeBlanc Michael , Smith Sonali , Kahl Brad S. , Leonard John P. , Evens Andrew M. , Scott David W. , Rimsza Lisa M. , Friedberg Jonathan W. 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Serum soluble chemokines/cytokines produced by Hodgkin cells and the tumor microenvironment might be of value as biomarkers in classic Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL). We assessed serum thymus and activation-related chemokine (TARC), macrophage-derived chemokine (MDC), interleukin-10 (IL-10), and soluble CD163 (sCD163) levels at baseline, time of interim fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (PET), and after therapy in cHL patients treated on S0816, an intergroup phase 2 response-adapted study evaluating escalated therapy for interim PET (PET2)–positive patients (www.clinicaltrials.gov #NCT00822120). Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) status was assessed, and 559 serum samples were evaluated for TARC, MDC, IL-10, and sCD163 by immunoassay. EBV positivity correlated with higher sCD163 and IL-10 levels but lower TARC levels. While baseline biomarker levels were not associated with outcome, sCD163 levels at the time of PET2 were associated with favorable progression-free survival (PFS), adjusting for PET2 status. After therapy TARC, MDC, and IL-10 correlated with PFS and overall survival (OS) on univariable analysis, which remained significant adjusting for international prognostic score. When also adjusting for end-of-therapy PET results, TARC and IL-10 remained significantly associated with shorter PFS and OS. Exploratory analysis in PET2-negative patients showed that elevated posttherapy TARC and IL-10 levels were associated with PFS. Serum cytokine levels correlate with outcome in cHL and should be investigated further in risk-adapted cHL trials.
CXCL1 regulates neutrophil homeostasis in pneumonia-derived sepsis caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 3
Authors: Paudel Sagar , Baral Pankaj , Ghimire Laxman , Bergeron Scott , Jin Liliang , DeCorte Joseph A. , Le John T. , Cai Shanshan , Jeyaseelan Samithamby 
Published: February 2019

AbstractNeutrophil migration to the site of bacterial infection is a critical step in host defense. Exclusively produced in the bone marrow, neutrophil release into the blood is tightly controlled. Although the chemokine CXCL1 induces neutrophil influx during bacterial infections, its role in regulating neutrophil recruitment, granulopoiesis, and neutrophil mobilization in response to lung infection-induced sepsis is unclear. Here, we used a murine model of intrapulmonary Streptococcus pneumoniae infection to investigate the role of CXCL1 in host defense, granulopoiesis, and neutrophil mobilization. Our results demonstrate that CXCL1 augments neutrophil influx to control bacterial growth in the lungs, as well as bacterial dissemination, resulting in improved host survival. This was shown in Cxcl1−/− mice, which exhibited defective amplification of early neutrophil precursors in granulocytic compartments, and CD62L- and CD49d-dependent neutrophil release from the marrow. Administration of recombinant CXCL2 and CXCL5 after infection rescues the impairments in neutrophil-dependent host defense in Cxcl1−/− mice. Taken together, these findings identify CXCL1 as a central player in host defense, granulopoiesis, and mobilization of neutrophils during Gram-positive bacterial pneumonia-induced sepsis.
Tripartite motif-containing 14 (TRIM14) promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition via ZEB2 in glioblastoma cells
Authors: Feng Shuang , Cai Xiaomin , Li Yangyang , Jian Xiaoguang , Zhang Linxin , Li Bin 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Background
Several members of the tripartite motif-containing (TRIM) protein family have been reported to serve as vital regulators of tumorigenesis. Recent studies have demonstrated an oncogenic role of TRIM 14 in multiple human cancers; however, the importance of this protein in glioblastoma remains to be elucidated.

Methods
The expression levels of TRIM14 were analyzed in a series of database and were examined in a variety of glioblastoma cell lines. Two independent TRIM14 shRNA were transfected into LN229 and U251 cells, and the effect of TRIM14 depletion was confirmed. Transwell assay and wound healing assay assay were carried out to assess the effect of TRIM14 depletion on glioblastoma cell invasion and migration. Western blotting was performed to screen the downstream gene of TRIM14. The stability analysis and Ubiquitylation assays and Orthotopic xenograft studies were also performed to investigate the role of TRIM14 and the relationship with downstream gene. Human glioblastoma tissues were obtained and immunohistochemical staining were carried out to confirm the clinical significance of TRIM14.

Results
In this study, we showed that TRIM14 was upregulated in human glioblastoma specimens and cell lines, and correlated with glioblastoma progression and shorter patient survival times. Functional experiments showed that decreased TRIM14 expression reduced glioblastoma cell invasion and migration. Furthermore, we identified that zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 2 (ZEB2), a transcription factor involved in epithelial–mesenchymal transition, is a downstream target of TRIM14. Further investigation revealed that TRIM14 inactivation significantly facilitated ZEB2 ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation, which led to aggressive invasion and migration. Our findings provide insight into the specific biological role of TRIM14 in tumor invasion.

Conclusions
Our findings provide insight into the specific biological role of TRIM14 in tumor invasion, and suggest that targeting the TRIM14/ZEB2 axis might be a novel therapeutic approach for blocking glioblastoma.