bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Salidroside-Pretreated Mesenchymal Stem Cells Enhance Diabetic Wound Healing by Promoting Paracrine Function and Survival of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Under Hyperglycemia
Authors: Ariyanti Agnes Dwi , Zhang Jianqi , Marcelina Olivia , Nugrahaningrum Dyah Ari , Wang Guixue , Kasim Vivi , Wu Shourong 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Systemic abnormalities cause several complications in diabetes patients. Impaired wound healing is a serious complication that leads to severe foot ulcer and amputation. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been considered a promising strategy for promoting wound healing due to their paracrine function. However, their poor survival after transplantation limits their therapeutic effect and applications. Salidroside, a glucopyranoside, has been reported to exert cytoprotective effects. Our previous study revealed that salidroside could promote the paracrine function of skeletal muscle cells. However, whether salidroside could improve MSCs survival under hyperglycemic condition and, subsequently, promote wound healing in diabetic model mice remains unknown. Here, we found that salidroside pretreatment effectively reversed the hyperglycemia-induced suppression of the expression of crucial wound healing factors in MSCs, such as heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2), and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF). Salidroside pretreatment also suppressed the hyperglycemia-induced intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in MSCs, thereby lowering the apoptosis rate and enhancing MSCs survival rate. Furthermore, salidroside improved the MSCs migration potential that was impaired under hyperglycemia. in vivo experiments revealed that salidroside pretreatment prior to transplantation significantly enhanced the effect of MSCs in promoting wound closure in diabetic mice. Collectively, our results suggest that pretreatment with salidroside could be an effective strategy to enhance the survival rate and the therapeutic effect of MSCs. Thus, our article suggested a novel, potential MSC-based strategy for diabetic wound healing. Stem Cells Translational Medicine 2019;8:404–414
Predicting emotional health indicators from linguistic evidence of psychological distancing
Authors: Shahane Anoushka D. , Denny Bryan T. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractPsychological distancing, a form of cognitive reappraisal, involves construal of emotionally valenced stimuli in an objective manner, or with perceived spatial and temporal distance. Prior work suggests that in appropriate contexts, reappraisal broadly, and distancing specifically, is related to adaptive mental and physical health outcomes. Additionally, recent research suggests that shifting language to be more distant (i.e., linguistic distancing [LD]) can have adaptive emotion regulatory effects. The present study addressed whether LD is also associated with adaptive health indicators. Participants transcribed their thoughts while viewing negative or neutral stimuli in one of three ways: (a) by implementing objective language, (b) by implementing spatially and/or temporally far away language, or (c) by responding naturally. Across psychological distancing groups, LD was associated with lower negative affectivity (lower perceived stress and depression symptoms), better general well‐being (better emotional well‐being and energy and vitality), and better emotion regulation (ER; greater reappraisal frequency and fewer difficulties in implementing ER). Participants who used more LD in the objective group had lower negative affectivity, better general well‐being, and better ER, and those in the far group had better ER. The results reveal linguistic mechanisms underlying ER and its relationship to health indicators, suggesting future examination of LD interventions.
Epithelial growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors alleviate house dust mite allergen Der p2‐induced IL‐6 and IL‐8
Authors: Pan Hui‐Hsien , Hsiao Yu‐Ping , Chen Ping‐Ju , Kang Yu‐Ting , Chao Yu‐Hua , Sheu Ji‐Nan , Lue Ko‐Huang , Ko Jiunn‐Liang 
Published: January 2019

AbstractSteroid‐insensitive asthma‐related airway inflammation is associated with the expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase in asthmatic bronchial epithelium. Proinflammatory cytokines IL‐6 and IL‐8 are related to steroid‐insensitive asthma. It is currently unknown how EGFR‐tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR‐TKIs) affects house dust mite (HDM)‐induced asthma in terms of inflammatory cytokines related to steroid‐resistant asthma and further signaling pathway. Cytokine expressions and EGFR signaling pathway were performed by ELISA, reverse transcriptase PCR, real‐time PCR, and Western blot in cell‐line models. AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway‐related inhibitors were applied to confirm the association between EGFR‐TKI and AMPK pathway. HDM induced IL‐6 and IL‐8 in a dose‐dependent manner. Both Erlotinib (Tarceva) and Osimertinib (AZD‐9291) reduced the levels of HDM‐stimulated IL‐6 and IL‐8 levels in BEAS‐2B cells. AZD‐9291 was more effective than Erlotinib in inhibiting phospho‐EGFR, and downstream phosphatidylinositol‐3‐kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT) and phopho‐signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (p‐STAT3) pathway signaling. In addition, AMPK pathway‐related inhibitor, Calcium‐/calmodulin‐dependent protein kinase kinase β (CaMKKβ) inhibitor, down‐regulated IL‐8, but EGFR‐TKI had no effect on AMPK pathway. Our findings highlight EGFR‐TKIs, Tarceva, and AZD‐9291, attenuate HDM‐induced inflammatory IL‐6 and IL‐8 cytokines via EGFR signaling axis pathway, but not AMPK signaling pathway.
Modeling chloramine decay in full‐scale drinking water supply systems
Authors: Ricca Henry , Aravinthan Vasanthadevi , Mahinthakumar Gnanamanikam 
Published: January 2019

AbstractChloramines are commonly used as secondary disinfectants in drinking water treatment, providing a residual for disinfection as drinking water moves to consumers. Chloramines are inherently unstable, undergoing autodecomposition reactions even in the absence of reactive substances. In the presence of natural organic matter (NOM), chloramine loss accelerates due to additional reaction pathways. In this study, batch reaction models for chloramine loss due to autodecomposition and the presence of NOM were developed. A case study was carried out for the Town of Cary, North Carolina. A hydraulic model of Cary's distribution system was developed and calibrated using the EPANET toolkit with operational and water demand data supplied by Cary. Then, water age from the hydraulic model was used together with the batch model of chloramine decay to successfully predict chloramine concentrations spatially and temporally throughout the network. The capabilities of the EPANET‐MSX toolkit to model chloramine loss in a distribution network are explored.Practitioner points

A batch reaction model of chloramine decay over time due to autodecomposition reactions and additional reactions with NOM was developed and validated.

A hydraulic model of the Town of Cary’s water distribution network was developed and calibrated using operational and water demand data.

Water age reported by the calibrated hydraulic model was used in conjunction with the batch reaction model of chloramine decay to successfully predict chloramine concentrations spatially and temporally throughout the network.
Symmetries and mass degeneracies in the scalar sector
Authors: Haber Howard E. , Ogreid O. M. , Osland P. , Rebelo M. N. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractWe explore some aspects of models with two and three SU(2) scalar doublets that lead to mass degeneracies among some of the physical scalars. In Higgs sectors with two scalar doublets, the exact degeneracy of scalar masses, without an artificial fine-tuning of the scalar potential parameters, is possible only in the case of the inert doublet model (IDM), where the scalar potential respects a global U(1) symmetry that is not broken by the vacuum. In the case of three doublets, we introduce and analyze the replicated inert doublet model, which possesses two inert doublets of scalars. We then generalize this model to obtain a scalar potential, first proposed by Ivanov and Silva, with a CP4 symmetry that guarantees the existence of pairwise degenerate scalar states among two pairs of neutral scalars and two pairs of charged scalars. Here, CP4 is a generalized CP symmetry with the property that (CP4)nis the identity operator only for integernvalues that are multiples of 4. The form of the CP4-symmetric scalar potential is simplest when expressed in the Higgs basis, where the neutral scalar field vacuum expectation value resides entirely in one of the scalar doublet fields. The symmetries of the model permit a term in the scalar potential with a complex coefficient that cannot be removed by any redefinition of the scalar fields within the class of Higgs bases (in which case, we say that no real Higgs basis exists). A striking feature of the CP4-symmetric model is that it preserves CP even in the absence of a real Higgs basis, as illustrated by the cancellation of the contributions to the CP violating form factors of the effectiveZZZandZWWvertices.
Bimetallic Nickel Cobalt Sulfide as Efficient Electrocatalyst for Zn–Air Battery and Water Splitting
Authors: Zhang Jingyan , Bai Xiaowan , Wang Tongtong , Xiao Wen , Xi Pinxian , Wang Jinlan , Gao Daqiang , Wang John 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
The development of efficient earth-abundant electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction, oxygen evolution, and hydrogen evolution reactions (ORR, OER, and HER) is important for future energy conversion and energy storage devices, for which both rechargeable Zn–air batteries and water splitting have raised great expectations. Herein, we report a single-phase bimetallic nickel cobalt sulfide ((Ni,Co)S2) as an efficient electrocatalyst for both OER and ORR. Owing to the synergistic combination of Ni and Co, the (Ni,Co)S2 exhibits superior electrocatalytic performance for ORR, OER, and HER in an alkaline electrolyte, and the first principle calculation results indicate that the reaction of an adsorbed O atom with a H2O molecule to form a *OOH is the potential limiting step in the OER. Importantly, it could be utilized as an advanced air electrode material in Zn–air batteries, which shows an enhanced charge–discharge performance (charging voltage of 1.71 V and discharge voltage of 1.26 V at 2 mA cm−2), large specific capacity (842 mAh gZn−1 at 5 mA cm−2), and excellent cycling stability (480 h). Interestingly, the (Ni,Co)S2-based Zn–air battery can efficiently power an electrochemical water-splitting unit with (Ni,Co)S2 serving as both the electrodes. This reveals that the prepared (Ni,Co)S2 has promising applications in future energy conversion and energy storage devices.
Joint geodetic and seismic analysis of surface crevassing near a seasonal glacier-dammed lake at Gornergletscher, Switzerland
Authors: Garcia Louis , Luttrell Karen , Kilb Debi , Walter Fabian 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACTSeasonal lake Gornersee forms at the confluence of Gornergletscher and Grenzgletscher, Switzerland, and experiences outburst floods annually in midsummer. To study the interplay between lake drainage, glacier movement and crevasse activity, high-frequency seismometers and GPS receivers were deployed in networks near Gornersee during the summer ablation seasons of 2004, 2006 and 2007. We use a Rayleigh wave coherence method to locate 3289, 7939 and 4087 icequakes, respectively, primarily along well-defined surface crevasses. We calculate two-dimensional strains from triads of GPS stations and find mean differential strain rates of ~300 × 10−6 d−1 with diurnal variations up to 800 × 10−6 d−1. Crevasse icequake activity and glacial velocity are highest during early season, then decrease as meltwater channels erode and subglacial water pressure decreases. Glacial response to Gornersee drainage varied year-to-year, with icequake activity promoted at some crevasses and inhibited at others, suggesting syn-drainage icequakes may be indicative of local drainage patterns and small-scale features of the stress field. Diurnal pulses in icequake activity exhibit peak activity at different times of day in different locations, coincident with a southeast-to-northwest trending concentrated shear zone near the Gornergletscher–Grenzgletscher confluence, likely due to differences in the timing of peak strain rate in these regions.
Revisiting the Registration of European Citizens’ Initiatives: The Evolution of the Legal Admissibility Test
Authors: KARATZIA Anastasia 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAccording to the main element of the legal admissibility test of the European Citizens’ Initiative (‘ECI’) set out in Regulation 211/2011, a proposed ECI cannot collect signatures of support if it ‘manifestly falls outside the framework of the Commission’s powers to submit a proposal for a legal act of the Union for the purpose of implementing the Treaties’. This contribution argues that the interpretation and application of the ECI legal admissibility test has developed since the early years of the ECI’s operation, largely due to the CJEU’s intervention in ECI-cases. It analyses the procedural and substantive changes to the test in light of the relevant litigation and the ongoing reform of the ECI’s legal framework. It illustrates that certain contested procedural aspects of the ECI legal admissibility test have been resolved, while the scope of the ECI has been extended to allow Initiatives in the field of international agreements. The article explores the effects of these developments on current and future ECI practice, including the possibility to bring an ECI in the context of the EU-UK Brexit negotiations.
Hegel’s Pluralism as a Comedy of Action
Authors: Yeomans Christopher 
Published: January 2019

AbstractOur reception of Hegel’s theory of action faces a fundamental difficulty: on the one hand, that theory is quite clearly embedded in a social theory of modern life, but on the other hand most of the features of the society that gave that embedding its specific content have become almost inscrutably strange to us (e.g., the estates and the monarchy). Thus we find ourselves in the awkward position of stressing the theory’s sociality even as we scramble backwards to distance ourselves from the particular social institutions that gave conceptualized form to such sociality in Hegel’s own opinion. My attempt in this article is to make our position less awkward by giving us at least one social-ontological leg to stand on. Specifically, I want to defend a principled and conceptual pluralism as forming the heart of Hegel’s theory of action. If this view can be made out, then we will have a social-ontological structure that might be filled out in different ways in Hegel’s time and our own while simultaneously giving real teeth to the notion that Hegel’s theory of action is essentially social.
MESSENGER Observations and Global Simulations of Highly Compressed Magnetosphere Events at Mercury
Authors: Jia Xianzhe , Slavin James A. , Poh Gangkai , DiBraccio Gina A. , Toth Gabor , Chen Yuxi , Raines Jim M. , Gombosi Tamas I. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractWe identify and examine all MErcury Surface Space ENvironment, GEochemistry, and Ranging (MESSENGER) crossings of Mercury's dayside magnetopause with magnetospheric field intensities ≥300 nT. The eight such events, which occurred under highly compressed magnetosphere conditions, are analyzed in the identical manner utilized by Slavin et al. (2014, https://doi.org/10.1002/2014JA020319). The results suggest that the eight highly compressed magnetosphere events represent the highest solar wind dynamic pressures for which the MESSENGER's orbit still passed below the magnetopause and provided measurements of the dayside magnetosphere. Using the magnetohydrodynamic model by Jia et al. (2015, https://doi.org/10.1002/2015JA021143) that electromagnetically couples Mercury's interior with its magnetosphere, a series of global simulations are conducted to quantitatively characterize the response of Mercury's magnetosphere to solar wind forcing. Combining the MESSENGER observations with the simulations, we have obtained a consistent picture of how Mercury's dayside magnetospheric configuration is controlled, separately and in combination, by induction‐driven shielding and reconnection‐driven erosion. For solar wind pressures of ∼40–90 nPa, compared with the average ∼10–15 nPa at Mercury's orbit, the shielding effects of induction in Mercury's core in standing‐off the solar wind typically exceed the erosion of the dayside magnetosphere due to reconnection for these events, most of which occurred under low magnetic shear conditions. For high magnetic shear across the magnetopause our simulation predicts that reconnection would dominate. Mercury's effective magnetic moment as inferred from magnetopause standoff distance ranges from 170 to 250
for these events. These findings are of crucial importance for understanding the space weathering at Mercury and its contribution to the generation of Mercury's exosphere.
Improvement of a Deep Learning Algorithm for Total Electron Content Maps: Image Completion
Authors: Chen Zhou , Jin Mingwu , Deng Yue , Wang Jing‐Song , Huang Heng , Deng Xiaohua , Huang Chun‐Ming 
Published: January 2019

AbstractObservations with a global coverage are very important for space physics research and space weather monitoring. However, due to the technical limitations, it would be very expensive or even impossible to achieve a seamless global coverage even with advanced observational devices. It would be useful to fill missing data gaps to create a global map from the available data, but up until now this has been very challenging. Fortunately, the deep learning method, a recent breakthrough in artificial intelligence, may provide an effective way to solve this problem by making full use of data from reliable observations. In this paper, a promising deep learning algorithm, deep convolutional generative adversarial network (DCGAN), is investigated to fill the missing data of total electron content (TEC) map images. The direct use of DCGAN fails to fill missing data for the completion of TEC maps because there are always missing TEC data in some regions, such as oceans, where the features vary with time and geophysical conditions. Thus, no useful information can be utilized by DCGAN to achieve a meaningful image completion. In order to overcome this shortcoming of the original DCGAN method, a novel regularized DCGAN (R‐DCGAN) is proposed by adding an extra discriminator and some widely used reference TEC maps from the International Global Navigation Satellite Systems Service Ionosphere Working Group. The proposed R‐DCGAN method generates satisfactory ionospheric peak structures at different times and geomagnetic conditions, which demonstrate its effectiveness on filling the missing data in TEC maps. The proposed R‐DCGAN framework can be readily extended to a broad application in other fields of space sciences, particularly for addressing the missing observation data issues.
Seismoacoustic Analysis of Chemical Explosions at the Nevada National Security Site
Authors: Pasyanos Michael E. , Kim Keehoon 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIn recent years, two sets of chemical explosions have been conducted at the Nevada National Security Site: six explosions from Phase I of the Source Physics Experiment and four explosions from the Forensics Surface Events. We have estimated the explosive yield and depth‐of‐burial/height‐of‐burst of both from the synthesis of seismic and low‐frequency acoustic data. Analysis of the seismic signal is performed using a waveform envelope technique. Using seismic data only, however, there is a trade‐off between the yield and depth or height of the explosion, which becomes especially acute for near‐surface events. This trade‐off between yield and depth/height can be broken by including complementary analysis of the acoustic signal using the acoustic waveform inversion method. The acoustic signal also has a strong trade‐off between a yield and depth/height, but the slope is opposite that of the seismic for near‐surface events. We use a likelihood function to combine the seismic and acoustic analysis and improve our estimates of yield and depth/height for these sets of explosions. The results are generally consistent with the known parameters, but can be improved upon by higher‐frequency seismic analysis and improved acoustic impulse scaling for large‐scaled depths‐of‐burial. These events serve as prime examples of data fusion from multiple data streams. The challenge will be to apply the method to events at longer regional distances where the seismic signals will include phases traveling in the upper mantle, and the acoustic signals will be recorded as infrasound signals, which are subject to atmospheric variability.
The Generation and Scaling of Longitudinal River Profiles
Authors: Roberts Gareth G. , White Nicky , Lodhia Bhavik Harish 
Published: January 2019

The apparent success of inverse modeling of continent‐wide drainage inventories is perplexing. An ability to obtain reasonable fits between observed and calculated longitudinal river profiles implies that drainage networks behave simply and predictably at length scales of O(102–103) km and time scales of O(100–102) Ma. This behavior suggests that rivers respond in an organized way to large‐scale tectonic forcing. On the other hand, stream power laws are empirical approximations since fluvial processes are complex, nonlinear, and probably susceptible to disparate temporal and spatial shocks. To bridge the gap between these different perceptions of landscape evolution, we present and interpret a suite of power spectra for African river profiles that traverse different climatic zones, lithologic boundaries, and biotic distributions. At wavelengths
102 km, power spectra have slopes of −2, consistent with red noise, demonstrating that profiles are self‐similar at these length scales. At wavelengths
102 km, there is a crossover transition to slopes of −1, consistent with pink noise, for which power scales according to the inverse of wavenumber. Onset of this transition suggests that spatially correlated noise, perhaps generated by instabilities in water flow and by lithologic heterogeneities, becomes more prevalent at wavelengths shorter than ∼100 km. At longer wavelengths, this noise gradually diminishes and self‐similar scaling emerges. Our analysis is consistent with the concept that complexities of river profile development can be characterized by an adaptation of the Langevin equation, by which simple advective models of erosion are driven by a combination of external forcing and noise.