bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Вплив ЕМ-препаратів на агробіологічні та технологічні показники сортів винограду селекції ННЦ «ІВіВ ім. В. Є. Таїрова»
Authors: Кована О. О. , Тарасова В. В. , Мулюкіна Н. А. 
Published: May 2018

Оцінено вплив препарату «ЕМ-агро» на показники продуктивності, а саме підвищення врожайності до 37 %, в основному, за рахунок збільшення маси ягід. Інокуляція мікроорганізмів до екосистеми та їх включення до мікробних угруповань листкової поверхні винограду сприяла вилученню фенольних та барвних речовин, зниженню активності о-дифенолоксидази у дослідних зразків та запобіганню окислення фенольних речовин. Отримані результати дозволяють рекомендувати застосування ЕМ-препаратів для органічного виноградарства та виноробства як з точки зору підвищення продуктивності винограду, так і з огляду на покращення технологічних показників.
The study assessed the effect of the «EM-agro» drug on productivity, namely the increase in yields to 37 %, mainly due to the increase in the weight of berries. The inoculation of microorganisms into the ecosystem and their inclusion in the microbial groups of the leaf surface of grapes contributed to the removal of phenolic and colorants, the decrease of the activity of o-diphenol oxidase in the prototype and the prevention of the oxidation of phenolic substances. The results allow us to recommend the use of EM-preparations for organic viticulture and winemaking, both in terms of improving the productivity of grapes, and in view of improving technological performance.
Продуктивні, відтворювальні та адаптаційні властивості корів голштинської породи різних ліній
Authors: Підпала Т. В. , Крамаренко О. С. , Зайцев Є. М. 
Published: May 2018

У статті викладено результати дослідження щодо розвитку селекційних ознак у корів різних ліній голштинської породи. Встановлено, що корови всіх ліній за показниками молочної продуктивності характеризуються високим рівнем їх прояву. Імпортовані корови німецької селекції у процесі адаптації проявили достатньо високий рівень молочності та жирномолочності. Порівняно з ними, нащадки наступної генерації відрізнялися вищими надоями, але поступалися їм за вмістом жиру в молоці, за винятком ліній Старбака і Чіфа. Серед корів голштинської породи української селекції перевагу за молочною продуктивністю виявлено для тварин ліній Старбака, Маршала і Чіфа.
The article presents the results of the research work on the development of breeding features in cows of different lines of Holstein breed. It was established that cows of all lines are characterized by a high level of milk indicators. In the process of adaptation imported cows of German breeding showed a sufficiently high level of milk and fat in milk. Compared to them, the descendants of the next generation were distinguished by higher tastes, but were losing them in the fat content of milk, with the exception of Starbuck's and Chief's lines. Among the cows of Holstein breed of Ukrainian selection, preference for milk yield was found for Starbuck, Marshall and Chifa animals.
Computer-aided analysis of middle cerebral artery tortuosity: association with aneurysm development
Authors: Kliś Kornelia M. , Krzyżewski Roger M. , Kwinta Borys M. , Stachura Krzysztof , Moskała Marek , Tomaszewski Krzysztof A. 
Published: May 2018

OBJECTIVEBlood vessel tortuosity may play an important role in the development of vessel abnormalities such as aneurysms. Currently, however, there are no studies analyzing the impact of brain blood vessel tortuosity on the risk of aneurysm formation. Therefore, the authors performed a computer-aided analysis of middle cerebral artery (MCA) tortuosity, especially among patients diagnosed with MCA aneurysms.METHODSAnatomy of the MCAs of 54 patients with unruptured MCA aneurysms was retrospectively analyzed, as was that of 54 sex-, age-, and vessel side–matched control patients without MCA aneurysms. From medical records, the authors obtained each patient’s medical history including previous and current diseases and medications. For each patient, they calculated the following tortuosity descriptors: relative length (RL), sum of angle metrics (SOAM), triangular index (TI), product of angle distance (PAD), and inflection count metric (ICM).RESULTSPatients with an MCA aneurysm had significantly lower RLs (0.75 ± 0.09 vs 0.83 ± 0.08, p < 0.01), SOAMs (0.45 ± 0.10 vs 0.60 ± 0.17, p < 0.01), and PADs (0.34 ± 0.09 vs 0.50 ± 0.17, p < 0.01). They also had significantly higher TIs (0.87 ± 0.04 vs 0.81 ± 0.07, p < 0.01) and ICMs (3.07 ± 1.58 vs 2.26 ± 1.12, p < 0.01). Female patients had significantly higher RLs (0.76 ± 0.11 vs 0.80 ± 0.09, p = 0.03) than male patients.CONCLUSIONSMiddle cerebral artery aneurysm formation is strongly associated with blood vessel tortuosity parameters, which can potentially be used to screen for patients at risk for MCA aneurysm formation.
Methylprednisolone inhibits the proliferation of endogenous neural stem cells in nonhuman primates with spinal cord injury
Authors: Ye Jichao , Qin Yi , Tang Yong , Ma Mengjun , Wang Peng , Huang Lin , Yang Rui , Chen Keng , Chai Chaopeng , Wu Yanfeng , Shen Huiyong 
Published: May 2018

OBJECTIVEThe aim of this work was to investigate the effects of methylprednisolone on the proliferation of endogenous neural stem cells (ENSCs) in nonhuman primates with spinal cord injury (SCI).METHODSA total of 14 healthy cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) (4–5 years of age) were randomly divided into 3 groups: the control group (n = 6), SCI group (n = 6), and methylprednisolone therapy group (n = 2). Only laminectomy was performed in the control animals at T-10. SCI was induced in monkeys using Allen’s weight-drop method (50 mm × 50 g) to injure the posterior portion of the spinal cord at T-10. In the methylprednisolone therapy group, monkeys were intravenously infused with methylprednisolone (30 mg/kg) immediately after SCI. All animals were intravenously infused with 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine (BrdU) (50 mg/kg/day) for 3 days prior to study end point. The small intestine was dissected for immunohistochemical examination. After 3, 7, and 14 days, the spinal cord segments of the control and SCI groups were dissected to prepare frozen and paraffin sections. The proliferation of ENSCs was evaluated using BrdU and nestin immunofluorescence staining.RESULTSHistological examination showed that a larger number of mucosa epithelial cells in the small intestine of all groups were BrdU positive. Nestin-positive ependymal cells are increased around the central canal after SCI. After 3, 7, and 14 days of SCI, BrdU-positive ependymal cells in the SCI group were significantly increased compared with the control group, and the percentage of BrdU-positive cells in the left/right ventral horns and dorsal horn was significantly higher than that of the control group. Seven days after SCI, the percentages of both BrdU-positive ependymal cells around the central canal and BrdU– and nestin–double positive cells in the left/right ventral horns and dorsal horn were significantly lower in the methylprednisolone therapy group than in the SCI group.CONCLUSIONSWhile ENSCs proliferate significantly after SCI in nonhuman primates, methylprednisolone can inhibit the proliferation of ependymal cells after SCI.
Evaluation of lateral atlantodental interval asymmetry in the pediatric age group: normative values
Authors: Mendenhall Stephen K. , Huh Andrew , Pandya Janit , Alentado Vincent , Balsara Karl , Ho Chang , Jea Andrew 
Published: May 2018

OBJECTIVEThe revelation of normative radiographic measurements for the developing pediatric spine is incomplete. The purpose of this analysis was to determine the normal range of asymmetry of the lateral atlantodental interval (LADI) and define age- and sex-related differences.METHODSA total of 3072 children aged 0–18 years who underwent CT scanning of the cervical spine were identified at Riley Hospital for Children between 2005 and 2017. Patients were stratified by sex and age (in years) into 36 cohorts. Following this stratification, patients within each group were randomly selected for inclusion until 15 patients in each group had been measured (quota sampling). A total of 540 patients were included for study. Right and left linear measurements were performed in the CT axial plane at the C-1 midlateral mass level.RESULTSThe overall mean difference between the right and left LADI was 0.09 ± 1.23 mm (range -6.05 to 4.87 mm). The magnitude of this asymmetry remained statistically insignificant across age groups (p = 0.278) and sex (p = 0.889). The intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.805 (95% CI 0.779–0.829).CONCLUSIONSAsymmetry of the LADI is not unusual in asymptomatic children. There is no appreciable difference in magnitude of this asymmetry across age ranges and sex. Measurement of LADI asymmetry shows “good” reliability and is easy to perform. Pediatric neurosurgeons, emergency department physicians, and radiologists should be aware of normative values of asymmetry when interpreting CT scans of the cervical spine. This may prevent unnecessary further workup with dynamic CT or MRI.
SN 2012fr: Ultraviolet, Optical, and Near-infrared Light Curves of a Type Ia Supernova Observed within a Day of Explosion*
Authors: Contreras Carlos , Phillips M. M. , Burns Christopher R. , Piro Anthony L. , Shappee B. J. , Stritzinger Maximilian D. , Baltay C. , Brown Peter J. , Conseil Emmanuel , Klotz Alain , Nugent Peter E. , Turpin Damien , Parker Stu , Rabinowitz D. , Hsiao Eric Y. , Morrell Nidia , Campillay Abdo , Castellón Sergio , Corco Carlos , González Consuelo , Krisciunas Kevin , Serón Jacqueline , Tucker Brad E. , Walker E. S. , Baron E. , Cain C. , Childress Michael J. , Folatelli Gastón , Freedman Wendy L. , Hamuy Mario , Hoeflich P. , Persson S. E. , Scalzo Richard , Schmidt Brian , Suntzeff Nicholas B. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
We present detailed ultraviolet, optical, and near-infrared light curves of the Type Ia supernova (SN) 2012fr, which exploded in the Fornax cluster member NGC 1365. These precise high-cadence light curves provide a dense coverage of the flux evolution from −12 to +140 days with respect to the epoch of B-band maximum (

t

B

max

). Supplementary imaging at the earliest epochs reveals an initial slow and nearly linear rise in luminosity with a duration of ∼2.5 days, followed by a faster rising phase that is well reproduced by an explosion model with a moderate amount of 56Ni mixing in the ejecta. From our analysis of the light curves, we conclude that: (i) the explosion occurred <22 hr before the first detection of the supernova, (ii) the rise time to peak bolometric (λ > 1800 Å) luminosity was 16.5 ± 0.6 days, (iii) the supernova suffered little or no host-galaxy dust reddening, (iv) the peak luminosity in both the optical and near-infrared was consistent with the bright end of normal Type Ia diversity, and (v) 0.60 ± 0.15 M
⊙ of 56Ni was synthesized in the explosion. Despite its normal luminosity, SN 2012fr displayed unusually prevalent high-velocity Ca ii and Si ii absorption features, and a nearly constant photospheric velocity of the Si ii
λ6355 line at ∼12,000

km

s

−
1

that began ∼5 days before

t

B

max

. We also highlight some of the other peculiarities in the early phase photometry and the spectral evolution. SN 2012fr also adds to a growing number of Type Ia supernovae that are hosted by galaxies with direct Cepheid distance measurements.
Unambiguous Evidence of Coronal Implosions during Solar Eruptions and Flares
Authors: Wang Juntao , Simões P. J. A. , Fletcher L. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
In the implosion conjecture, coronal loops contract as the result of magnetic energy release in solar eruptions and flares. However, after almost two decades, observations of this phenomenon are still rare and most previous reports are plagued by projection effects so that loop contraction could be either true implosion or just a change in loop inclination. In this paper, to demonstrate the reality of loop contractions in the global coronal dynamics, we present four events with the continuously contracting loops in an almost edge-on geometry from the perspective of SDO/AIA, which are free from the ambiguity caused by the projection effects, also supplemented by contemporary observations from STEREO for examination. In the wider context of observations, simulations and theories, we argue that the implosion conjecture is valid in interpreting these events. Furthermore, distinct properties of the events allow us to identify two physical categories of implosion. One type demonstrates a rapid contraction at the beginning of the flare impulsive phase, as magnetic free energy is removed rapidly by a filament eruption. The other type, which has no visible eruption, shows a continuous loop shrinkage during the entire flare impulsive phase, which we suggest shows the ongoing conversion of magnetic free energy in a coronal volume. Corresponding scenarios are described that can provide reasonable explanations for the observations. We also point out that implosions may be suppressed in cases when a heavily mass-loaded filament is involved, possibly serving as an alternative account for their observational rarity.
Arbitrary-order Hilbert Spectral Analysis and Intermittency in Solar Wind Density Fluctuations
Authors: Carbone Francesco , Sorriso-Valvo Luca , Alberti Tommaso , Lepreti Fabio , Chen Christopher H. K. , Němeček Zdenek , Šafránková Jana 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
The properties of inertial- and kinetic-range solar wind turbulence have been investigated with the arbitrary-order Hilbert spectral analysis method, applied to high-resolution density measurements. Due to the small sample size and to the presence of strong nonstationary behavior and large-scale structures, the classical analysis in terms of structure functions may prove to be unsuccessful in detecting the power-law behavior in the inertial range, and may underestimate the scaling exponents. However, the Hilbert spectral method provides an optimal estimation of the scaling exponents, which have been found to be close to those for velocity fluctuations in fully developed hydrodynamic turbulence. At smaller scales, below the proton gyroscale, the system loses its intermittent multiscaling properties and converges to a monofractal process. The resulting scaling exponents, obtained at small scales, are in good agreement with those of classical fractional Brownian motion, indicating a long-term memory in the process, and the absence of correlations around the spectral-break scale. These results provide important constraints on models of kinetic-range turbulence in the solar wind.
Jet Launching in Resistive GR-MHD Black Hole–Accretion Disk Systems
Authors: Qian 钱 Qian 前 , Fendt Christian , Vourellis Christos 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
We investigate the launching mechanism of relativistic jets from black hole sources, in particular the strong winds from the surrounding accretion disk. Numerical investigations of the disk wind launching—the simulation of the accretion–ejection transition—have so far almost only been done for nonrelativistic systems. From these simulations we know that resistivity, or magnetic diffusivity, plays an important role for the launching process. Here we extend this treatment to general relativistic magnetohydrodynamics (GR-MHD), applying the resistive GR-MHD code rHARM. Our model setup considers a thin accretion disk threaded by a large-scale open magnetic field. We run a series of simulations with different Kerr parameter, field strength, and diffusivity level. Indeed, we find strong disk winds with, however, mildly relativistic speed, the latter most probably due to our limited computational domain. Further, we find that magnetic diffusivity lowers the efficiency of accretion and ejection, as it weakens the efficiency of the magnetic lever arm of the disk wind. As a major driving force of the disk wind we disentangle the toroidal magnetic field pressure gradient; however, magnetocentrifugal driving may also contribute. Black hole rotation in our simulations suppresses the accretion rate owing to an enhanced toroidal magnetic field pressure that seems to be induced by frame dragging. Comparing the energy fluxes from the Blandford–Znajek-driven central spine and the surrounding disk wind, we find that the total electromagnetic energy flux is dominated by the total matter energy flux of the disk wind (by a factor of 20). The kinetic energy flux of the matter outflow is comparatively small and comparable to the Blandford–Znajek electromagnetic energy flux.
TrIAS, leveraging citizen science data to monitor invasive species in Belgium
Authors: Groom Quentin , Adriaens Tim , Oldoni Damiano , Reyserhove Lien , Strubbe Diederik , Vanderhoeven Sonia , Desmet Peter 
Published: May 2018

Reducing the damage caused by invasive species requires a community approach informed by rapidly mobilized data. Even if local stakeholders work together, invasive species do not respect borders, and national, continental and global policies are required. Yet, in general, data on invasive species are slow to be mobilized, often of insufficient quality for their intended application and distributed among many stakeholders and their organizations, including scientists, land managers, and citizen scientists. The Belgian situation is typical. We struggle with the fragmentation of data sources and restrictions to data mobility. Nevertheless, there is a common view that the issue of invasive alien species needs to be addressed. In 2017 we launched the Tracking Invasive Alien Species (TrIAS) project, which envisages a future where alien species data are rapidly mobilized, the spread of exotic species is regularly monitored, and potential impacts and risks are rapidly evaluated in support of policy decisions (Vanderhoeven et al. 2017). TrIAS is building a seamless, data-driven workflow, from raw data to policy support documentation. TrIAS brings together 21 different stakeholder organizations that covering all organisms in the terrestrial, freshwater and marine environments. These organizations also include those involved in citizen science, research and wildlife management.
TrIAS is an Open Science project and all the software, data and documentation are being shared openly (Groom et al. 2018). This means that the workflow can be reused as a whole or in part, either after the project or in different countries. We hope to prove that rapid data workflows are not only an indispensable tool in the control of invasive species, but also for integrating and motivating the citizens and organizations involved.
Sample Management Across the National Ecological Observatory Network
Authors: Laney Christine , LeVan Katherine , Lunch Claire , Thibault Katherine 
Published: May 2018

From 81 study sites across the United States, the US National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON), generates >75,000 samples per year. Samples range from soil and dust deposition material, tissue samples (e.g., small mammals and fish), DNA extracts, and whole organisms (e.g., ground beetles and ticks). Samples are collected, processed, and documented according to protocols that are standardized across study sites and according to the needs of the ecological research community for future studies. NEON has faced numerous challenges with managing data related to these many diverse physical samples, particularly when data are gathered at numerous steps throughout processing. Here, we share these challenges as well as solutions, including innovative semantically driven software tools and processing pipelines that manage data from each sample's point of collection to its ultimate fate (consumption, archive facility, or partnering data repository) while maintaining links across sample hierarchies.
Involving Collection Staff in the DINA Software Development – An Agile Approach
Authors: Englund Markus , Heikkinen Mikko , Sundström Lisa 
Published: May 2018

In order to ensure long-term commitment to the DINA project (“DIgital information system for NAtural history data”, https://dina-project.net), it is essential to continuously deliver features of high value to the user community. This is also what agile software development methods try to achieve by emphasizing early delivery, rapid response to changes and close collaboration with users (see for example the Manifesto for Agile Software Development at http://agilemanifesto.org). We will give a brief overview on how current development of the DINA collection management system core is guided by agile principles. The mammal collection at the Swedish Museum of Natural History will be used as an example.
Developing a cross-disciplinary collection management system is a complex task that poses many challenges: Which features should we focus on? What kinds of data should the system ultimately support? How can the system be flexible but still easy to use? Since we cannot do everything at once, we work towards a minimum viable product (MVP) that contains just enough features at a time to bring value for selected target users. In the mammal collection case, the MVP is the simplest product that is able to replace the functions of the current system used for managing the collection. As we begin to work with other collections, new MVPs are defined and used to guide further development. Thus, the set of features available will increase with each MVP, benefiting both new and current users.
Another big challenge is migration of legacy data, which is labor intensive and involves standardizing data that are not compatible with the new system. To address these issues, we aim to build a flexible data model that allows less structured data to coexist with more complex, highly structured data. Migration should thus not require extensive data standardization, transformation and cleaning. The plan is to instead offer tools for transforming and cleaning the data after they have been imported. With the data in place, it will be easier for the user to provide feedback and suggest new features.
General introduction to DINA
Authors: Macklin James , Englund Markus , Glöckler Falko , Heikkinen Mikko , Hoffmann Jana , Newton Keith , Ronquist Fredrick 
Published: May 2018

The DINA Consortium (“DIgital information system for NAtural history data”, https://dina-project.net, Fig. 1) was formed in order to provide a framework for like-minded large natural history collection-holding institutions to collaborate through a distributed Open Source development model to produce a flexible and sustainable collection management system. Target collections include zoological, botanical, mycological, geological and paleontological collections, living collections, biodiversity inventories, observation records, and molecular data.
The DINA system is architected as a loosely-coupled set of several web-based modules. The conceptual basis for this modular ecosystem is a compilation of comprehensive guidelines for Web application programming interfaces (APIs) to guarantee the interoperability of its components. Thus, all DINA components can be modified or even replaced by other components without crashing the rest of the system as long as they are DINA compliant. Furthermore, the modularity enables the institutions to host only the components they need. DINA focuses on an Open Source software philosophy and on community-driven open development, so the contributors share their development resources and expertise outside of their own institutions.
One of the overarching reasons to develop a new collection management system is the need to better model complex relationships between collection objects (typically specimens) involving their derivatives, preparations and storage. We will discuss enhancements made in the DINA data model to better represent these relationships and the influence it has on the management of these objects, and on the sharing of information. Technical detail of various components of the DINA system will be shown in other talks in this symposium followed by a discussion session.