bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Osteochondral flap fracture of the coronoid in pediatric humeral lateral condyle
Authors: Wang Jinkui , Wang ZhongLiang 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

Rationale:
Osteochondral flap fractures of the elbow are rare in children. To the best of our knowledge, only 12 cases are reported in the literature. Only 1 case was accompanied with lateral condyle fracture classified as Milch I, which was nondisplaced. The mechanism of these injuries is not explained in detail, and the treatment methods are not discussed. Here, we present 3 cases of osteochondral flap fracture of the ulnar coronoid process with accompanying obvious displacement of the lateral condyle fracture.

Patient concerns:
All patients fell into one of their outstretched arms, which caused elbow pain and functional limitation.

Diagnosis:
All 3 patients were diagnosed with lateral condyle fracture of the humerus and osteochondral flap fracture of the ulnar coronoid process.

Interventions:
All patients underwent open reduction and internal fixation.

Outcomes:
At 3 months after the operation, they regained full range of motion of the limb and had no elbow instability.

Lessons:
Osteochondral flap fracture should be considered when there is a bone mass in the elbow space with accompanying displacement of the humeral lateral condyle fracture.
The role of CXCR3 and its ligands CXCL10 and CXCL11 in the pathogenesis of celiac disease
Authors: Haghbin Mahrokh , Rostami-Nejad Mohammad , Forouzesh Flora , Sadeghi Amir , Rostami Kamran , Aghamohammadi Elham , Asadzadeh-Aghdaei Hamid , Masotti Andrea , Zali Mohammad Reza 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The chemokine receptor CXCR3 and its ligands CXCL10 and CXCL11 have been suggested to give rise to the most relevant chemokine axis able to facilitate the entrance of immune cells into inflamed tissues and be activated in different inflammatory disorders, such as celiac disease (CD).
The aim of this study was to investigate the expression level of CXCR3, CXCL10, and CXCL11 genes in celiac patients compared to healthy controls. Both cohorts have been recruited from the Iranian population.
In this case–control study, biopsy specimens were collected from 71 celiac patients (60.5% female) and 90 control subjects (57% female) during 2016. Total RNA was extracted and mRNA expression levels of CXCR3, CXCL10, and CXCL11 genes were investigated by SYBR green qPCR.
Based on qPCR and relative quantification method, the mRNA expression levels of CXCR3, CXCL10, and CXCL11 were significantly higher in duodenal biopsies of celiac patients compared to healthy controls in the study population (P = .038, P = .021, and P = .012 respectively).
The result of this study showed that CXCR3/CXCL10/CXCL11 signaling axis is overexpressed in the small intestinal mucosa of CD patients compared to controls. This finding might explain the specific enrollment of the main cell populations that infiltrate the epithelium.
The relationship between the percent of euploid embryo and the tolerance of embryo biopsy in preimplantation genetic screening
Authors: Jiang Xinglu , Zhao Chenggui , Xu Wei , Zhang Rui 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between the percent of euploid embryo and the tolerance of embryo biopsy in preimplantation genetic screening (PGS).
PubMed and trial registers were searched for clinical studies that patients were randomized to the PGS group or the control group from 1995 to October 2017. The patients of advanced maternal age, repeated implantation failure, and good prognosis with or without PGS in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were collected.
Original data from 9 RCT studies comparing in-vitro fertilization with and without PGS including 1642 patients were obtained and they were divided into 3 subgroups according to the percent of euploid embryo. PGS significantly increased live birth babies per embryo transferred (risk ratio: 2.98, 95% confidence interval: 1.54–5.75) in ≤30% of euploid embryo subgroups and but in other 2 groups, PGS has no effect. Significant negative correlation was found between the percent of euploid embryo and the tolerance of embryo biopsy in PGS (r = 0.80, P = 0.010)
The tolerance of embryo biopsy in PGS was associated negatively with the percent of euploid embryo. There was a beneficial effect when PGS was used in the patients with the lowest percent of euploid embryo.
Management and clinical outcomes of periprosthetic fractures after total knee arthroplasty with a stem extension
Authors: Shin Jae Hoon , Chang Moon Jong , Kang Seung-Baik , Chang Chong Bum , Kim Dong Hwi , Lee Seung Ah , Mok Su Jung 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
There is little information about the management and clinical outcomes of the periprosthetic fracture after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) with a stem extension. The purposes of this study were to demonstrate management of the periprosthetic fractures after TKA with a stem extension, to report treatment outcomes, and to determine whether dual-plate fixation is superior to single-plate fixation regarding the radiographic bone union time and incidence of metal failure.
This retrospective study included 15 knees with periprosthetic fractures after TKA using a stem extension. We demonstrated the fracture characteristics and management according to the fracture location and implant stability. The radiographic union time was determined. Complications, range of motion, and functional outcomes, including Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index and Knee Society Score were assessed. Periprosthetic fractures after TKA with stem extension were 1 metaphyseal fracture without implant loosening, 7 diaphyseal fractures adjacent to the stem without implant loosening, 3 diaphyseal fractures away from the stem without implant loosening, and 4 fractures with implant loosening.
Treatment included immobilization using a long leg cast, open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF), and re-revision TKA. There was no difference in functional outcomes and range of motion pre- and posttreatment. The complications included 2 cases of subsequent implant loosening. Patients in the dual-plating required a shorter bony union time than those in the single-plating (2.4 ± 1.1 vs 7.4 ± 2.2 months; P = .003).
Periprosthetic fractures after TKA with stem extension could be managed individually according to the fracture location and implant stability. Complications were not uncommon even if patients were able to return to their preinjury functional level posttreatment. To avoid complications after ORIF, the dual plate was superior to the single plate, and subtle implant loosening should not be overlooked.
The effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on the whole-brain functional network of postherpetic neuralgia patients
Authors: Pei Qian , Zhuo Zhizheng , Jing Bin , Meng Qianqian , Ma Xiangyu , Mo Xiao , Liu Han , Liang Wei , Ni Jiaxiang , Li Haiyun 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), the clinical treatment for postherpetic neuralgia (PHN), on whole-brain functional network of PHN patients is not fully understood.
To explore the effects of rTMS on the whole-brain functional network of PHN patients.
10 PHN patients (male/female: 5/5 Age: 63–79 years old) who received rTMS treatment were recruited in this study. High-resolution T1-weighted and functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) were acquired before and after 10 consecutive rTMS sessions. The whole-brain functional connectivity networks were constructed by Pearson correlation. Global and node-level network parameters, which can reflect the topological organization of the brain network, were calculated to investigate the characteristics of whole-brain functional networks. Non-parametric paired signed rank tests were performed for the above network parameters with sex and age as covariates. P < .05 (with FDR correction for multi-comparison analysis) indicated a statistically significant difference. Correlation analysis was performed between the network parameters and clinical variables.
The rTMS showed significant increase in characteristic path length and decrease of clustering coefficient, global, and local efficiency derived from the networks at some specific network sparsity, but it showed no significant difference for small-worldness. rTMS treatment showed significant differences in the brain regions related to sensory-motor, emotion, cognition, affection, and memory, as observed by changes in node degree, node betweenness, and node efficiency. Besides, node-level network parameters in some brain areas showed significant correlations with clinical variables including visual analog scales (VAS) and pain duration.
rTMS has significant effects on the whole-brain functional network of PHN patients with a potential for suppression of sensory-motor function and improvement of emotion, cognition, affection, and memory functions.
Encephalitis caused by Listeria monocytogenes in a healthy adult male in China
Authors: Li Na , Huang Hua qiong , Zhang Gen sheng , Hua Wen , Shen Hua hao 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

Rationale:

Listeria monocytogenes rarely affects immunocompetent adults, and only a few cases of encephalitis caused by L monocytogenes in humans have been reported in China.

Patient concerns
: A 37-year-old male patient presented with headache and fever of 38°C to 39°C for 2 days and dysphoria and dystrophy for 1 day.

Diagnosis:
The patient was diagnosed as having encephalitis, and his cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and blood cultures tested positive for L monocytogenes.

Interventions:
The patient was treated with intravenous vancomycin, meropenem, mannitol, methylprednisolone, and enteral nutrition. The computed tomography (CT) scan showed swelling of the brain and hydrocephalus. The patient was treated with emergent surgery, a ventricular drainage tube was inserted, and the CSF was drained daily.

Outcomes:
Despite adequate therapy, the illness was severe and progressed rapidly. The patient died 2 weeks after admission.

Lessons:
We report a rare case of L monocytogenes encephalitis in a previously healthy immunocompetent adult in China. The patient's CT scans showed increasing brain swelling and hydrocephalus, and the patient's condition progressively deteriorated.
Preoperative computerized tomography-guided blue dye localization for metastatic lymphadenopathy and peritoneal tumor implants during laparoscopic surgery
Authors: Yang Bi Li , Chen Kuo Chang , Wu Chin Chu 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

Rationale:
Computerized tomography (CT)-guided blue dye localization has been widely discussed for preoperative localization of pulmonary nodules. However, few studies have investigated this technique for intra-abdominal lesions. Although preoperative localization is not commonly required in laparotomy, it may assume importance with advancements in the field of laparoscopic surgery.

Patient concerns:
Herein, we report the cases of 2 patients diagnosed with colon cancer who underwent hemicolectomy with extended lymphadenectomy and subsequent chemotherapy.

Diagnoses:
Follow-up CT scans showed newly developed metastatic lymphadenopathy and peritoneal tumor implants.

Interventions:
Considering the difficulty in identification of and access to the target lesions during laparoscopic surgery, preoperative CT-guided blue dye localization was performed in both cases.

Outcomes:
All the target lesions were identified by the dye marker and removed successfully. The pathologic results revealed adenocarcinoma.

Lessons:
We established the following strategy for preoperative CT-guided dye localization of intra-abdominal lesions:
Intra-abdominal lesions that are hard to identify due to their size or morphology, and difficult to approach due to their location or surrounding structures, maybe the candidates for this procedure, especially in cases of laparoscopic surgery.
Operators should adjust their localization planning based on the surgery method, cutting path, and location of port sites. The target dye marker should be clearly visible in the presumed intra-operative field of view.
A second dye marker should be made to ensure surgical success when the target dye marker is obscured by the surrounding structures in the presumed intra-operative field of view.
Total and Differential White Blood Cell Counts, Cocaine, and Marijuana Use in Patients With Schizophrenia
Authors: Goetz Ryan L. , Miller Brian J. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Schizophrenia is associated with blood inflammatory marker abnormalities. Illicit drug use, which is common in schizophrenia, may modulate inflammatory marker levels. We examined effects of marijuana and cocaine use on white blood cell (WBC) counts in acutely ill, hospitalized patients with schizophrenia using a within-subjects and between-groups design. Mean total and differential WBC counts were first compared in acutely ill patients with schizophrenia for hospitalizations with and without either marijuana (n = 18) or cocaine (n = 24) use. Mean total and differential WBC counts were then compared between patients with schizophrenia with either marijuana or cocaine use and patients with a negative urine drug screen (UDS; n = 43). Patients with schizophrenia had significantly higher total WBC, lymphocytes, and monocytes during hospitalizations with (vs. without) cocaine use. Patients with cocaine use also had significantly higher monocytes and eosinophils than those with a negative UDS. Our findings suggest that substance use, particularly of cocaine, may modulate inflammatory marker levels in acutely ill, hospitalized patients with schizophrenia.
Daily Functioning in Schizophrenia
Authors: Buonocore Mariachiara , Bosinelli Francesca , Bechi Margherita , Spangaro Marco , Cocchi Federica , Bianchi Laura , Guglielmino Carmelo , Baraldi Maria Alice , Anchora Lavinia , Bringheli Serena , Cavallaro Roberto , Bosia Marta 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The present study aims at evaluating the impact of anxiety on functional outcome in patients with schizophrenia, also taking into account the other main predictors of functioning identified by literature, to disentangle specific subcomponents which contribute to functional outcome. One hundred five patients with DSM-IV-TR schizophrenia were recruited and underwent a broad functional, psychopathological, and clinical-neuropsychological battery. A forward stepwise regression model was used to assess the predictive effect of anxiety and other factors on daily functioning, showing significant results only for global neurocognitive status and anxiety. These results confirm the role of neurocognition and are also in line with the hypothesis that trait anxiety has a direct impact on functional outcome. Overall, the findings support the role of anxiety as a core feature of schizophrenia pathology, with important implications for both research and clinical settings.
Superiority of Dynamic Needle Tip Positioning for Ultrasound-Guided Peripheral Venous Catheterization in Patients Younger Than 2 Years Old: A Randomized Controlled Trial*
Authors: Takeshita Jun , Yoshida Takayuki , Nakajima Yasufumi , Nakayama Yoshinobu , Nishiyama Kei , Ito Yukie , Shimizu Yoshiyuki , Takeuchi Muneyuki , Shime Nobuaki 
Published: June 2019

Objectives:
This study evaluated whether the dynamic needle tip positioning technique increased the success rate of ultrasound-guided peripheral venous catheterization in pediatric patients with a small-diameter vein compared with the static ultrasound-guided technique.

Design:
Randomized controlled study.

Setting:
Single institution, Osaka Women’s and Children’s Hospital.

Patients:
The study population included 60 pediatric patients less than 2 years old who required peripheral venous catheterization in the PICU.

Interventions:
Patients were randomly divided into the dynamic needle tip positioning (n = 30) or static group (n = 30). Each group received ultrasound-guided peripheral venous catheterization with or without dynamic needle tip positioning, respectively. The Fisher exact test, Kaplan-Meier curve plots, log-rank tests, and Mann-Whitney U test were used in the statistical analysis.

Measurements and Main Results:
The first-attempt success rate was higher in the dynamic needle tip positioning group than in the static group (86.7% vs 60%; p = 0.039; relative risk = 1.44; 95% CI, 1.05–2.0). The overall success rate within 10 minutes was higher in the dynamic needle tip positioning group than in the static group (90% vs 63.3%; p = 0.03; relative risk = 1.42; 95% CI, 1.06–1.91). Significantly fewer attempts were made in the dynamic needle tip positioning group than in the static group (median [interquartile range, range] = 1 [1–1, 1–2] vs 1 [1–2, 1–3]; p = 0.013]). The median (interquartile range) catheterization times were 51.5 seconds (43–63 s) and 71.5 seconds (45–600 s) in the dynamic needle tip positioning and static groups, respectively (p = 0.01).

Conclusions:
Dynamic needle tip positioning increased the first-attempt and overall success rates of ultrasound-guided peripheral venous catheterization in pediatric patients less than 2 years old.
Healthcare Provider Perceptions of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Quality During Simulation Training*
Authors: Troy Lindsey , Knight Lynda , Olson Michelle , Chen Michael , Gonzales Ralph , Berg Marc , Su Felice ,   on behalf of the Revive Initiative at Stanford Children’s Health
Published: June 2019

Objectives:
To assess the relationship between quantitative and perceived cardiopulmonary resuscitation performance when healthcare providers have access to and familiarity with audiovisual feedback devices.

Design:
Prospective observational study.

Setting:
In situ simulation events throughout a pediatric quaternary care center where the use of continuous audiovisual feedback devices during cardiopulmonary resuscitation is standard.

Subjects:
Healthcare providers who serve as first responders to in-hospital cardiopulmonary arrest.

Interventions:
High-fidelity simulation of resuscitation with continuous audiovisual feedback.

Measurements and Main Results:
Objective data was collected using accelerometer-based measurements from a cardiopulmonary resuscitation defibrillator/monitor. After the simulation event but before any debriefing, participants completed self-evaluation forms to assess whether they believed the cardiopulmonary resuscitation performed met the American Heart Association guidelines for chest compression rate, chest compression depth, chest compression fraction, chest compression in target, and duration of preshock pause and postshock pause. An association coefficient (kappa) was calculated to determine degree of agreement between perceived performance and the quantitative performance data that was collected from the CPR defibrillator/monitor. Data from 27 mock codes and 236 participants was analyzed. Average cardiopulmonary resuscitation performance was chest compression rate 106 ± 10 compressions per minute; chest compression depth 2.05 ± 0.6 in; chest compression fraction 74% ± 10%; chest compression in target 22% ± 21%; preshock pause 8.6 ± 7.2 seconds; and postshock pause 6.4 ± 8.9 seconds. When all healthcare providers were analyzed, the association coefficient (κ) for chest compression rate (κ = 0.078), chest compression depth (κ = 0.092), chest compression fraction (κ = 0.004), preshock pause (κ = 0.321), and postshock pause (κ = 0.40) was low, with no variable achieving moderate agreement (κ > 0.4).

Conclusions:
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation performance during mock codes does not meet the American Heart Association’s quality recommendations. Healthcare providers have poor insight into the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation during mock codes despite access to and familiarity with continuous audiovisual feedback.
High Rates of PrEP Eligibility but Low Rates of PrEP Access Among a National Sample of Transmasculine Individuals
Authors: Golub Sarit A. , Fikslin Rachel A. , Starbuck Lila , Klein Augustus 
Published: June 2019

Background:
Transmasculine individuals have been largely ignored in HIV prevention research, and there is a lack of data regarding this population's eligibility for and utilization of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP).

Setting:
National online survey conducted in the United States.

Methods:
Between May and July 2017, we surveyed 1808 transmasculine individuals (aged 18–60 years; 30% people of color and/or Latinx), asking questions about sexual behavior and receipt of sexual health care, including PrEP. We examined the number of individuals who would meet eligibility criteria for PrEP and then used log-linked Poisson regression with robust variance estimation to examine predictors of PrEP eligibility.

Results:
Almost one-quarter of the sample (n = 439; 24.3%) met one or more criterion for PrEP eligibility. PrEP eligibility did not differ by age, race/ethnicity, education, or binary gender identity. PrEP eligibility was lower among heterosexual-identified and higher income participants, and was higher among participants who were in open relationships and reported substance use. Among PrEP-eligible individuals, 64.9% had received an HIV test in the past year, 33.9% had received PrEP information from a provider, and 10.9% (n = 48) had received a PrEP prescription. PrEP-eligible individuals who had received a PrEP prescription were more likely to have a binary gender identity, identify as gay, and be taking testosterone.

Conclusions:
A substantial proportion of transmasculine individuals meet PrEP eligibility criteria, but few are receiving adequate PrEP services. Enhanced efforts should be made by providers, programs, and systems to assess HIV-related risk in transmasculine patients and engage them in comprehensive sexual health care.
Implications of Demographics and Socioeconomic Factors in Breast Cancer Reconstruction
Authors: Zahedi Sanam , Colvill Kayla , Lopez Mariela , Phillips Linda G. 
Published: June 2019

Background
Not all women undergo breast reconstruction despite its vital role in the recovery process. Previous studies have reported that women who are ethnically diverse and of lower socioeconomic status are less likely to undergo breast reconstruction, but the reasons remain unclear. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the demographic characteristics of our patient population and their primary reason for not undergoing breast reconstruction.

Methods
An institutional review board-approved, single-institution study was designed to evaluate all female breast cancer patients of all stages who underwent mastectomy but did not undergo breast reconstruction from 2008 to 2014. Patients were contacted via telephone and asked to participate in a validated, prompted survey. Data regarding their demographic information and primary reason for not undergoing breast reconstruction were collected.

Results
Inclusion criteria were met by 181 patients, of which 61% participated in the survey. Overall, the most common reason for not undergoing breast reconstruction (26%) was unwillingness to undergo further procedures. However, the most common reason for patients that identified as Hispanic, Spanish-speaking, high school graduates, or having an annual income less than US $25,000 (P < 0.05) was insufficient information received.

Conclusions
This study demonstrates that ethnicity and socioeconomic factors play a key role in determining why patients forego breast reconstruction. Ethnicity, language, education, income, and employment status are associated with patients not receiving appropriate education regarding their reconstructive options. Breast surgeons with a diverse patient population should ensure that these patients are adequately educated regarding their options, and if perhaps, more of these patients would decide to partake in the reconstruction process.