bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Horizontal-to-Vertical Spectral Ratio (HVSR) Method for Earthquake Risk Determination of Jakarta City with Microtremor Data
Authors: Widia Pamungkas Isburhan Rosliani , Nuraeni Giyat , Verdhora Ry Rexha , Yudistira Tedi , Cipta Anthanius , Cummins Phil 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Jakarta is the capital of the Republic of Indonesia which lies above a thick sedimentary basin. Geographically, Jakarta is 200 km away from the Indo-Australian subduction zone that sinks under the island of Java. There are many vital buildings and with the thick sediments underlying the city of Jakarta. Therefore, this region has a considerable seismic vulnerability. This will be dangerous if there is an earthquake that has the same frequency as the natural frequency of the building. It will cause a resonance resulting in amplification of seismic waves in the area. Each building has a different natural frequency, one that affects is the height of the building. To characterize the subsurface structure of the Jakarta Basin, microtremor data processing was obtained from the recording of 95 stations which was operated in October 2013 - February 2014 using Horizontal-to-Vertical Spectral Ratio (HVSR) method. HVSR is a method for obtaining subsurface information from single station measurements by comparing the Fourier spectrum of horizontal components to its vertical components. This ratio is a function of the frequency that will produce the H/V curve. The dominant frequency value on the HVSR curve represents the natural frequency of the area. The Seismic Vulnerability Index (Kg), which serves to determine the soil weak zone, can be calculated from the H/V curve. The dominant frequency value maps generated for the Jakarta area range from 0.2-0.22 Hz for low frequencies and 1-8.6 Hz for high frequencies. The large dominant frequency correlates with the thin sediment layer. Based on the frequency range, the south and northwest regions of Jakarta have relatively shallow basement depths compared to other regions. The resulting amplification value map can be divided into 4 maps with different period ranges. From the four maps, the North Jakarta area or the area around Jakarta’s coastline is most at risk of amplification with an H/V value up to 11 because the area is associated with alluvial deposits and coastal sediments. The seismic vulnerability distribution map in Jakarta City ranges from 15-850 relatively high in northeast and north of Jakarta.
Petrophysics and rock physics using VTI model for low permeability and high porosity reservoir in CCS Gundih gas field pilot project, Indonesia
Authors: Fatkhan  , Danio H , Anggarini L T , Mudatsir O A , Sule M R 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
A pilot Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) project in Indonesia is planned to be implemented in Gundih area, Central Java Province in Indonesia. Prior to conducting CO2 injection, reservoir characterisations have to study thoroughly to assure that the reservoir is to meet with CCS standard requirements. The Jepon well in the Gundih fied was proposed as a suitable site for CO2 injection. The decision was made to proceed with a comprehensive site assessment and geological modelling of the Jepon area. This site was selected based on the reason the presence of a potentially suitable reservoir (Ngrayong Sandstone) and primary and secondary seals (Bulu Limestone and Wonocolo claystone). Using logging data, petrophysics and rock physics model are used to evaluate potential of the CO2 injection site. Permeability results from petrophysics calculations and recent injection tests show very small; whilst porosity is relatively high. This can be caused by fractures mostly are not connected. Hence, rock physics for the reservoir is evaluated and modelled as anisotropy or Vertical Tranverse Isotropy (VTI) in which fractures with preferred orientation. Stiffness calculations for VTI medium with different aspect ratio shows consistent with low permeability result.
Identification of Potential HC Reservoir in field “x” by using 3D Inversion Gravity Modeling and Magnetic Data
Authors: Jahrudin Ahmad , Syamsu Rosid M. , Setiaji Ronoatmojo Imam , Solehudin  , Adi Wibowo Ricky 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
3D inversion modeling of subsurface based on gravity anomaly data and magnetic anomaly data used for identification hydrocarbon potential in “x”. Where in the study area there are up dome structures that indicate some possibilities, including igneous rock intrusion, carbonate build up and also mud diapir. 3D inversion modeling of gravity and magnetic anomaly data correlated with two seismic section which available in study location. 3D inversion model is performed on the residual anomaly data on the gravity model and 2D in the magnetic anomaly. The result of 3D inversion modeling of gravity anomaly data shows that the peak up dome is at a depth of study located around 800 meters from the surface, this result corresponds to spectrum analysis and depth on the seismic cross section, while the density value of the up-dome body is approximately 2.78 g/cm3. While on the magnetic anomaly that has been done, structure of the dome indicates an intrusion structure with anomaly susceptibilities show the structure of igneous rock.
Chalcogenide-glass polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber for mid-infrared supercontinuum generation
Authors: Ghosh A N , Meneghetti M , Petersen C R , Bang O , Brilland L , Venck S , Troles J , Dudley J M , Sylvestre T 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
In this paper, we report the design and fabrication of a highly birefringent polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber made from chalcogenide glass, and its application to linearly-polarized supercontinuum generation in the mid-infrared region. The fiber was drawn using the casting method from As38Se62 glass which features a transmission window from 2 to 10 μm and a high nonlinear index of 1.13 × 10–17 m2 W−1. It has a zero-dispersion wavelength (ZDW) at 4.56 μm for the fast axis and 4.68 μm for the slow axis and, at average ZDW, a large birefringence of 6.5 × 10–4 and consequently strong polarization maintaining properties are expected. Using this fiber, we experimentally demonstrate supercontinuum generation spanning from 3.1 to 6.02 μm and 3.33–5.78 μm using femtosecond pumping at 4 μm and 4.53 μm, respectively. We further investigate the supercontinuum bandwidth versus the input pump polarization angle and we show very good agreement with numerical simulations of the two-polarization model based on two coupled generalized nonlinear Schrödinger equations.
Socioeconomic Representation: Expanding the Theory of Representative Bureaucracy
Authors: Vinopal Katie 
Published: August 2019

AbstractTo date, representative bureaucracy scholarship has primarily focused on the potential for increased racial/ethnic and gender representation in the public-sector workforce to improve outcomes for minority and female clients. However, the potential for socioeconomic representation to benefit those from a lower socioeconomic background has not been thoroughly explored. Using the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study—Kindergarten Cohort 2011 and a student fixed-effects approach, I begin to fill this gap in the literature by investigating whether socioeconomic representation—above and beyond and intersecting with racial and ethnic representation—affects teachers' perceptions of their relationships with students. Heterogeneity by an organizational context likely to affect the saliency of SES is also explored. Overall results show no evidence that SES match between teachers and students influences teachers' rating of relationship quality with students. For low-SES black students, racial representation persists as an important factor in better teacher–student relationships, even controlling for socioeconomic representation. However, for low-SES white students in contexts where SES is likely to be particularly salient, socioeconomic representation has a significant positive effect on teacher–student relationship quality. Results exploring the interaction of racial and socioeconomic representation are also presented. Finally, theoretical and practical implications, as well as directions for future research, are discussed.
Short-term outcome of surgical arthrodiastasis of the ankle with Ilizarov frame in a cohort of children and young people with juvenile idiopathic arthritis
Authors: Cleary Gavin , Pain Clare , McCann Liza , Mahmood Kamran , Brookes-Fazakerley Steven , Robinson Simon , Walton Roger , Highcock Alan , Landes Caren , Barnes Nik , Roberts Ian , James Leroy 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Objectives
Despite medical advances, life-changing articular damage may still occur in patients with JIA. We report a cohort with destructive arthropathy of the ankle treated by surgical arthrodiastasis.

Methods
Eight patients (nine ankles) received arthrodiastasis by means of an Ilizarov frame between 2009 and 2013. Patient- and clinician-reported outcome measures were collated prospectively, with retrospective analysis of demographics, disease and pre-surgical treatment.

Results
Pre-surgery, all patients received IA CS (mean 0.8 injections/year) and MTX (mean diagnosis to treatment 3.8 years; two of eight started within 3 months). Seven of eight patients received biologic drugs. Pain scores improved by 56 and 29% (P < 0.005) at 6 and 12 months post-frame removal. American Academy Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society ankle–hindfoot scale, Oxford Ankle Foot Questionnaire-Child and Oxford Ankle Foot Questionnaire-Parent scores improved by 171, 62 and 80%, respectively (P < 0.005) at 12 months post-frame removal. Patients remained satisfied with surgical treatment for a mean of 13.3 months. There was transient pin site infection in three patients, and all patients had radiological improvement in joint space.

Conclusion
Arthrodiastasis with an Ilizarov frame is a safe, well-tolerated technique that should be considered as a short-term joint-preserving procedure to improve pain and function when damage has occurred. Delays to systemic medical treatment in this cohort would be considered out-with standard modern practice but, although less prevalent, destructive ankle arthropathy continues to occur in JIA, and we believe this study to be relevant. The ankle is particularly susceptible to damage and, even if localized, should be treated early and aggressively with DMARDs and rapid progression to biologic therapies.

Levelof evidence
Level IV.
Nitrogen Fertilizers Shape the Composition and Predicted Functions of the Microbiota of Field-Grown Tomato Plants
Authors: Caradonia Federica , Ronga Domenico , Catellani Marcello , Giaretta Azevedo Cleber Vinícius , Terrazas Rodrigo Alegria , Robertson-Albertyn Senga , Francia Enrico , Bulgarelli Davide 
Published: August 2019

The microbial communities thriving at the root−soil interface have the potential to improve plant growth and sustainable crop production. Yet, how agricultural practices, such as the application of either mineral or organic nitrogen fertilizers, impact on the composition and functions of these communities remains to be fully elucidated. By deploying a two-pronged 16S rRNA gene sequencing and predictive metagenomics approach, we demonstrated that the bacterial microbiota of field-grown tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plants is the product of a selective process that progressively differentiates between rhizosphere and root microhabitats. This process initiates as early as plants are in a nursery stage and it is then more marked at late developmental stages, in particular at harvest. This selection acts on both the bacterial relative abundances and phylogenetic assignments, with a bias for the enrichment of members of the phylum Actinobacteria in the root compartment. Digestate-based and mineral-based nitrogen fertilizers trigger a distinct bacterial enrichment in both rhizosphere and root microhabitats. This compositional diversification mirrors a predicted functional diversification of the root-inhabiting communities, manifested predominantly by the differential enrichment of genes associated to ABC transporters and the two-component system. Together, our data suggest that the microbiota thriving at the tomato root−soil interface is modulated by and in responses to the type of nitrogen fertilizer applied to the field. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2019 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license .
The Song Classification Is Reliable and Guides Prognosis and Treatment for Pediatric Lateral Condyle Fractures: An Independent Validation Study With Treatment Algorithm
Authors: Ramo Brandon A. , Funk Shawn S. , Elliott Marilyn E. , Jo Chan-Hee 
Published: August 2019

Background:
Lateral condyle fractures account for 15% to 20% of pediatric elbow fractures. Among numerous proposed classification systems, the Song classification appears the most comprehensive. The utility of any classification system relies on its ability to be descriptive, reproducible, and to guide prognosis/treatment. We assessed the Song classification by applying it to 736 retrospectively treated patients.

Methods:
A total of 736 pediatric patients with lateral condyle fractures were identified between 2007 and 2014. In total, 60 patients were selected for a radiographic interclass and intraclass correlation study. Radiographs of the patients were reviewed by 6 observers, who independently measured radiographs for displacement on radiographs and assigned a Song classification. Treatment and outcomes were then reviewed on all 736 patients and evaluated as a successful outcome when achieving a healed fracture at discharge without significant complication or necessitating a change from initial treatment modality.

Results:
Weighted κ values for intrarater and interrater reliability to assign Song classification indicated excellent agreement. Intraclass correlation coefficients of 6 observers measuring displacement on radiographs in millimeters indicated good to excellent agreement. In total, 106 Song 1 fracture were primarily treated by casting alone and only 5.5% required conversion to operative intervention. Overall, 139 Song 2 fractures were treated by closed treatment (n=114, 82% successful nonoperatively, 16% converted to operative management) or surgical means (n=25, 100% success) without treatment superiority (P>0.999) and both modalities had high success rates. Song 3 fractures (n=17) demonstrated a failure rate of 80% with casting (n=10) and were better managed by closed reduction and percutaneous pinning (n=7, 100% success, P=0.002). Song 4 (n=325) fractures had low success rate (34%) with casting (n=35), but achieved higher success rates (P<0.001) when managed with either closed (n=57) or open reduction (n=233) and pin fixation (89.5% and 92.7% success, respectively, P=0.401). Song 5 fractures (n=149) generally required an open reduction in our series with good success rates (91.2%).

Conclusion:
This study validates the Song classification with high interobserver and intraobserver reliability. The Song classification improves on existing classification systems by better distinguishing fractures at risk for failure of nonoperative treatment and guiding treatment outcomes.

Level of Evidence:
Level IV.
Time of Season and Game Segment Is Not Related to Likelihood of Lower-Limb Injuries: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Doyle Tim L. A. , Schilaty Nathan D. , Webster Kate E. , Hewett Timothy E. 
Published: August 2019

Objective:
Fatigue due to game play is often cited as a factor in musculoskeletal injuries; however, it is unclear whether or not this view is supported by published research findings. Given the importance researchers and practitioners place on the potential effects of game play with respect to injury, it is important to understand what inferences can be drawn from the collective research in this realm. This meta-analysis will consider the time of season and segment of the game, as it relates anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), groin, and hamstring injury occurrence.

Data Sources:
Database searches were run in PubMed, MEDLINE, SportDiscus, CINAHL, and Ausport, in addition to the inclusion of articles identified manually.

Study Selection:
Search terms were chosen to identify articles related to each of the 3 injuries of interest. There were no date limitations placed on the articles, as such, all published articles listed in the databases up to November 2017 were eligible for selection if they met the search criteria.

Data Extraction:
Initial searches yielded 1349 articles, and this was eventually reduced to 15 articles deemed suitable for inclusion in the meta-analysis, which provided 21 data sets.

Data Synthesis:
Comparing the first half with the second half of the season, there were no differences in ACL, groin, or hamstring injury occurrences [ACL: odds ratio (OR), 1.27; confidence interval (CI), 0.43-3.78, groin: OR, 1.79; CI, 0.63-5.06, and hamstring: OR, 1.16; CI, 0.88-1.53]. Similarly, there were no differences in injury occurrence between the first and second halves of the game for the ACL or hamstring injuries (ACL: OR, 0.43; CI, 0.47-7.92, hamstring: OR, 0.85; CI, 0.58-1.24).

Conclusions:
Findings from this meta-analysis determined that time in season or time in game does not influence risk of the ACL, groin, or hamstring injury. Commonly, many studies did not provide sufficient detail to be included in the meta-analysis. Consequently, it is recommended that future studies report data related to the timing of the injury within the season or game.
Transplantation of High-risk Donor Livers After Ex Situ Resuscitation and Assessment Using Combined Hypo- and Normothermic Machine Perfusion
Authors: van Leeuwen Otto B. , de Vries Yvonne , Fujiyoshi Masato , Nijsten Maarten W. N. , Ubbink Rinse , Pelgrim Gert Jan , Werner Maureen J. M. , Reyntjens Koen M. E. M. , van den Berg Aad P. , de Boer Marieke T. , de Kleine Ruben H. J. , Lisman Ton , de Meijer Vincent E. , Porte Robert J. 
Published: August 2019

Objective:The aim of this study was to evaluate sequential hypothermic and normothermic machine perfusion (NMP) as a tool to resuscitate and assess viability of initially declined donor livers to enable safe transplantation.Summary Background Data:Machine perfusion is increasingly used to resuscitate and test the function of donor livers. Although (dual) hypothermic oxygenated machine perfusion ([D]HOPE) resuscitates livers after cold storage, NMP enables assessment of hepatobiliary function.Methods:In a prospective clinical trial, nationwide declined livers were subjected to ex situ NMP (viability assessment phase), preceded by 1-hour DHOPE (resuscitation phase) and 1 hour of controlled oxygenated rewarming (COR), using a perfusion fluid containing an hemoglobin-based oxygen carrier. During the first 2.5 hours of NMP, hepatobiliary viability was assessed, using predefined criteria: perfusate lactate <1.7 mmol/L, pH 7.35 to 7.45, bile production >10 mL, and bile pH >7.45. Livers meeting all criteria were accepted for transplantation. Primary endpoint was 3-month graft survival.Results:Sixteen livers underwent DHOPE–COR–NMP. All livers were from donors after circulatory death, with median age of 63 (range 42–82) years and median Eurotransplant donor risk index of 2.82. During NMP, all livers cleared lactate and produced sufficient bile volume, but in 5 livers bile pH remained <7.45. The 11 (69%) livers that met all viability criteria were successfully transplanted, with 100% patient and graft survival at 3 and 6 months. Introduction of DHOPE–COR–NMP increased the number of deceased donor liver transplants by 20%.Conclusions:Sequential DHOPE–COR–NMP enabled resuscitation and safe selection of initially declined high-risk donor livers, thereby increasing the number of transplantable livers by 20%.Trial registration:www.trialregister.nl; NTR5972.
Poor Outcomes With the Use of Checkpoint Inhibitors in Kidney Transplant Recipients
Authors: Venkatachalam Karthik , Malone Andrew F. , Heady Brittany , Santos Rowena Delos , Alhamad Tarek 
Published: August 2019

Background.
Checkpoint inhibitors are now frequently used for oncologic conditions. The impact of these therapies in solid organ transplant recipients was not assessed in clinical trials. Subsequent case reports highlight the major detrimental interactions of checkpoint inhibitors and the high risk of allograft rejection with their use. Patient outcomes have not been assessed in long-term follow-up.

Methods.
We conducted a retrospective review of kidney transplant recipients with metastatic cancer who received checkpoint inhibitors at a single center between April 2015 and May 2018.

Results.
Six kidney transplant recipients with metastatic cancers that were not responding to first-line treatments met study criteria. These include 2 with squamous cell cancers, 2 with melanoma, 1 with renal cell cancer, and 1 with adenocarcinoma of the lung. Four patients received anti-programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) antibody and 2 received a combination of anticytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 and anti-PD-1 antibodies. Three out of 6 patients developed acute kidney injury. Two were biopsy-proven acute rejections with subsequent graft failures. The third was attributed to rejection, but improved after discontinuing the checkpoint inhibitor. Five out of 6 patients had cancer progression and only 1 patient had remission.

Conclusions.
Providers and patients need to be aware of the high risk of rejection and the poor remission rate with the use of checkpoint inhibitors in kidney transplant patients. More research is warranted to assess the optimal maintenance immunosuppression during the use of checkpoint inhibitor therapy that would not diminish the chances of remission.
Gramian solutions and soliton interactions for a generalized (3 + 1)-dimensional variable-coefficient Kadomtsev–Petviashvili equation in a plasma or fluid
Authors: Chen Su-Su , Tian Bo 
Published: August 2019

Plasmas and fluids are of current interest, supporting a variety of wave phenomena. Plasmas are believed to be possibly the most abundant form of visible matter in the Universe. Investigation in this paper is given to a generalized (3 + 1)-dimensional variable-coefficient Kadomtsev–Petviashvili equation for the nonlinear phenomena in a plasma or fluid. Based on the existing bilinear form,
N
-soliton solutions in the Gramian are derived, where
N
= 1, 2, 3…. With
N
= 3, three-soliton solutions are constructed. Fission and fusion for the three solitons are presented. Effects of the variable coefficients, i.e.
h
(
t
),
l
(
t
),
q
(
t
),
n
(
t
) and
m
(
t
), on the soliton fission and fusion are revealed: soliton velocity is related to
h
(
t
),
l
(
t
),
q
(
t
),
n
(
t
) and
m
(
t
), while the soliton amplitude cannot be affected by them, where
t
is the scaled temporal coordinate,
h
(
t
),
l
(
t
) and
q
(
t
) give the perturbed effects, and
m
(
t
) and
n
(
t
), respectively, stand for the disturbed wave velocities along two transverse spatial coordinates. We show the three parallel solitons with the same direction.