bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FNDC5/Irisin inhibits pathological cardiac hypertrophy
Authors: Yu Qing , Kou Wenxin , Xu Xu , Zhou Shunping , Luan Peipei , Xu Xiaopeng , Li Hailing , Zhuang Jianhui , Wang Jun , Zhao Yifan , Xu Yawei , Peng Wenhui 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Cardiac hypertrophy is a common pathophysiological process in various cardiovascular diseases, which still has no effective therapies. Irisin is a novel myokine mainly secreted by skeletal muscle and is believed to be involved in the regulation of energy metabolism. In the present study, we found that irisin expression was elevated in hypertrophic murine hearts and serum. Moreover, angiotension II-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy was attenuated after irisin administration and aggravated after irisin knockdown in vitro. Next, we generated transverse aortic constriction (TAC)-induced cardiac hypertrophy murine model and found that cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis were significantly attenuated with improved cardiac function assessed by echocardiography after irisin treatment. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that FNDC5 was cleaved into irisin, at least partially, in a disintegrin and metalloproteinase (ADAM) family-dependent manner. ADAM10 was the candidate enzyme responsible for the cleavage. Further, we found irisin treatment activated AMPK and subsequently inhibited activation of mTOR. AMPK inhibition ablated the protective role of irisin administration. In conclusion, we find irisin is secreted in an ADAM family-dependent manner, and irisin treatment improves cardiac function and attenuates pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis mainly through regulating AMPK-mTOR signaling.
Pragmatic Language Performance of Children Adopted Internationally
Authors: Hwa-Froelich Deborah A. , Matsuo Hisako 
Published: February 2019

PurposePragmatic language is important for social communication across all settings. Children adopted internationally (CAI) may be at risk of poorer pragmatic language because of adverse early care, delayed adopted language development, and less ability to inhibit. The purpose of this study was to compare pragmatic language performance of CAI from Asian and Eastern European countries with a nonadopted group of children who were of the same age and from similar socioeconomic backgrounds as well as explore the relationship among emotion identification, false belief understanding, and inhibition variables with pragmatic language performance.MethodUsing a quasi-experimental design, 35 four-year-old CAI (20 Asian, 15 Eastern European) and 33 children who were not adopted were included in this study. The children's pragmatic language, general language, and social communication (emotion identification of facial expressions, false belief understanding, inhibition) were measured. Comparisons by region of origin and adoption experience were completed. We conducted split-half correlation analyses and entered significant correlation variables into simple and backward regression models.ResultsPragmatic language performance differed by adoption experience. The adopted and nonadopted groups demonstrated different correlation patterns. Language performance explained most of the pragmatic language variance.DiscussionBecause CAI perform less well than their nonadopted peers on pragmatic communication measures and different variables are related to their pragmatic performance, speech-language pathologists may need to adapt assessment and intervention practices for this population.
Four‐kilowatt homogeneous microwave heating system using a power‐controlled phase‐shifting mode for improved heating uniformity
Authors: Jeong C.‐H. , Ahn S.‐H. , Lee W.‐S. 
Published: February 2019

For homogeneous microwave heating in a microwave cavity with multiple 2.45 GHz microwave generators, power‐controlled phase‐shifting mode is proposed in this Letter. The proposed microwave heating system consists of a multimode microwave cavity in which dielectric materials are placed to be heated, four phase‐shifting WR‐340 waveguides for different phase excitation, four 1 kW magnetrons that produce microwave power at 2.45 GHz, and a power supply with a system controller for the magnetron output power controls. Using the proposed power‐controlled phase‐shifting mode, uniform heating distribution is achieved by reducing the hot and cold spots in the microwave cavity. The proposed experiments demonstrated that in comparison to a conventional mode with simultaneous multiple inputs, the proposed mode can achieve an improved heating uniformity of 64.4.
Cancelation of small-scale magnetic features
Authors: Kaithakkal A. J. , Solanki S. K. 
Published: February 2019

Aims. We investigate small-scale flux cancelations in a young active region observed with the high-resolution imaging magnetograph IMaX on the SUNRISE balloon-borne solar observatory.
Methods. The observed Stokes profiles of the photospheric Fe I 5250.2 Å line were inverted using the SPINOR code to obtain the atmospheric parameters, including magnetic field vector and the line-of-sight velocity. We then identified 11 opposite-polarity canceling pairs using an automatic detection code, studied their evolution in detail, and derived their statistical properties. We classified the cancelations into two groups. Class I events are those for which cancelation happens between a pre-existing large magnetic feature of one polarity and a smaller feature of the other polarity that emerged or appeared nearby. For Class II events cancelations occur between two pre-existing, previously unconnected features that converge.
Results. All studied events have an apparent cancelation time of less than ten minutes and display a significant transient linear polarization signal along the polarity inversion line. The cancelation events are characterized by a flux decay rate of about 1015 Mx s−1. For Class I events, the Doppler velocity of the disappearing patch gradually switches from blueshift during the initial phase of cancelation to redshift toward the end of the cancelation. For class II events, the Doppler velocity is consistently redshifted. Horizontal convergence speeds of Class II pairs fall between 0.3 and 1.22 km s−1. The elements often do not converge directly toward each other, so that the proper motion speeds of the individual elements is higher, in the range of 1–2.7 km s−1.
Conclusions. We propose that these cancelation events result from either field-line submergence (Class I), or reconnection followed by submergence (Class II and/or Class I). Ohmic dissipation of magnetic energy could also play a role for both classes. The dynamics and evolution of these events are influenced by neighboring granular motions. We also propose that, at least for the Class II events, the granular motions could possibly be driving magnetic reconnection, rather than the supergranular motions proposed for the larger cancelation events studied earlier. Specific flux cancelation rates of the Class II events seem to indicate that they belong to somewhat different category of cancelations when compared with those studied in SOT/Hinode and MDI/SOHO data.
A low-frequency view of mixed-morphology supernova remnant VRO 42.05.01, and its neighbourhood
Authors: Arias M. , Vink J. , Iacobelli M. , Domček V. , Haverkorn M. , Oonk J. B. R. , Polderman I. , Reich W. , White G. J. , Zhou P. 
Published: February 2019

Context.Mixed-morphology supernova remnants (MM SNRs) are a mysterious class of objects that display thermal X-ray emission within their radio shell. They are an older class of SNRs, and as such are profoundly affected by the environment into which they evolve. VRO 42.05.01 is a MM SNR of puzzling morphology in the direction of the Galactic anticentre.Aims.Low-frequency radio observations of supernova remnants are sensitive to synchrotron electrons accelerated in the shock front. We aim to compare the low-frequency emission to higher frequency observations to understand the environmental and shock acceleration conditions that have given rise to the observed properties of this source.Methods.We present a LOFAR High Band Antenna map centred at 143 MHz of the region of the Galactic plane centred atl = 166 ° ,  b = 3.5° at 143 MHz, with a resolution of 148″ and an rms noise of 4.4 mJy bm−1. Our map is sensitive to scales as large as 6°. We compared the LOw Frequency ARay (LOFAR) observations to archival higher frequency radio, infrared, and optical data to study the emission properties of the source in different spectral regimes. We did this both for the SNR and for OA 184, an H II region within our field of view.Results.We find that the radio spectral index of VRO 42.05.01 increases at low radio frequencies; i.e. the LOFAR flux is higher than expected from the measured spectral index value at higher radio frequencies. This observed curvature in the low-frequency end of the radio spectrum occurs primarily in the brightest regions of the source, while the fainter regions present a roughly constant power-law behaviour between 143 MHz and 2695 MHz. We favour an explanation for this steepening whereby radiative shocks have high compression ratios and electrons of different energies probe different length scales across the shocks, therefore sampling regions of different compression ratios.
Contribution de la biodiversité à l’éco-oenotourisme des vignobles héroïques : atouts et perspectives
Authors: Rochard J. 
Published: February 2019

L'œnotourisme prend une part grandissante dans la valorisation des territoires viticoles. Parallèlement à l'attrait culturel pour la vigne, le vin et la dégustation, émerge le concept « d'Eco-Oenotourisme » qui associe notamment, en liaison avec le développement durable, les paysages, la biodiversité, ainsi que l'éco-conception des caves. Ainsi la valorisation de la biodiversité participe souvent à la valorisation du paysage local. C'est également un facteur qui participe à l'image et à la valeur ajoutée des vins de ces régions. Cette thématique est importante pour les viticulteurs qui sont sensibles au regard que la société porte sur leur métier, voire pour l'acceptation locale de leurs activités et des projets qu'ils souhaitent mettre en œuvre. Les terroirs des vignobles « héroïques » ont souvent su conserver les modes de production traditionnels, associés notamment à la présence de murets, talus, zones naturelles, à l'agroforesterie traditionnelle ; savoir-faire historiques, supports de spécificités patrimoniales mais également de valeurs écologiques spécifiques des terrasses ou des îles.
Therapie des inguinalen Crossenrezidivs: Ist die offene
Re-Crossektomie noch zeitgemäß?
Authors: Gerontopoulou Stefania Aglaia , Rass Knuth 
Published: February 2019

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Die Rezidivvarikose ist trotz der Entwicklung neuer Verfahren
und Operationsstrategien ein relevantes medizinisches Problem. Zur Therapie
inguinaler Crossenrezidive (ICR) steht die offene Re-Crossektomie zur Verfügung,
die derzeit gegenüber weniger invasiven Verfahren in den Hintergrund tritt.
Methoden Diese Übersichtsarbeit basiert auf aktuell verfügbaren Leitlinien
und einer Literaturrecherche bei PubMed zur Frage des Einsatzes und der
Effektivität verschiedener Verfahren zur Therapie des ICR.
Ergebnisse Inguinale Re-Crossektomie und Schaumsklerosierung sind
uneingeschränkt anwendbar. Die Operation, sofern mit Barrieretechnik kombiniert,
scheint langfristig effektiver als die Verödung und ist mit einer hohen
Patientenzufriedenheit verbunden. Endovenös thermische Ablationsverfahren können
für individuelle Fälle mit geeignetem anatomischem Befund eingesetzt werden.
Vergleichende Studien fehlen.
Schlussfolgerung Die offene Re-Crossektomie ist zeitgemäß. Ob der Vorteil
der potentiell höheren Effektivität bei der Operation stärker wiegt als die
geringere Invasivität der Schaumsklerosierung verbunden mit häufigeren
Therapiesitzungen müsste mittels randomisierter kontrollierter Studien geklärt
werden.
Der Ernährungsstatus von PatientInnen in der Akutversorgung und das Problem der nicht identifizierten Mangelernährung
Authors: Graeb Fabian , Wientjens Renate , Wolke Reinhold 
Published: February 2019

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Im Rahmen eines durch das Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung finanzierten Forschungsprojekts soll für 2 Kliniken jeweils ein Praxiskonzept entwickelt werden, um der bei geriatrischen PatientInnen häufig auftretenden Mangelernährung vorzubeugen beziehungsweise diese zu behandeln. Hierfür galt es zunächst mithilfe der Datenerhebung am nutritionDay eine Einschätzung des aktuellen Ernährungsmanagements in den beteiligten Kliniken durchzuführen.
Material und Methodik Die am nutritionDay 2017 gesammelten Daten wurden hinsichtlich der Ernährungssituation und des Ernährungsmanagements auf den 6 Projektstationen analysiert. Es konnten dabei 44 (36 %) von 133 stationären PatientInnen eingeschlossen werden.
Ergebnisse Die retrospektive Anwendung des nicht routinemäßig angewandten NRS 2002 zeigte deutlich auf, dass mindestens 36,4 % der inkludierten PatientInnen als mangelernährt einzustufen wären. 81,3 % der als mangelernährt eingestuften PatientInnen erhielten keine Ernährungstherapie. Ungewollter Gewichtsverlust korrelierte mit einem längeren Klinikaufenthalt (r = 0,558; p = 0,02).Je mehr in der Vorwoche gegessen wurde, desto weniger Klinikaufenthalte sind im Vorjahr verzeichnet (rs = – 0,452; p = 0,002) und die Einschätzung des eigenen Gesundheitszustands fiel in diesem Zusammenhang deutlich positiver aus (rs = – 0,433; p = 0,003). Zudem wurden diese PatientInnen mit dem Screening NRS 2002 eher als nicht mangelernährt eingestuft (r = – 0,614; p < 0,001). Wurde der Gesundheitszustand von PatientInnen schlechter eingeschätzt, wurde in der Vorwoche eher weniger gegessen (rs = – 0,433; p = 0,003), weniger getrunken (rs = – 0,543; p < 0,001) und der Klinikaufenthalt war länger (rs = 0,394; p = 0,009). Wurde zudem eine Verschlechterung des Gesundheitszustands seit der Aufnahme berichtet, ging dies mit einem niedrigeren BMI einher (rs = – 0,374; p = 0,012).
Schlussfolgerung Mithilfe der Erhebungsinstrumente des nutritionDay können die Ernährungssituation der eingeschlossenen PatientInnen sowie das Ernährungsmanagement der Einrichtung gut eingeschätzt werden und zeigen wesentliche Anknüpfungspunkte für Verbesserungen in den eingeschlossenen Bereichen auf.
Freiwilliger Verzicht auf Flüssigkeit und Nahrung – Sterbefasten als ein Ausweg am Lebensende?
Authors: Schmidhuber Martina 
Published: February 2019

ZusammenfassungFreiwilliger Verzicht auf Flüssigkeit und Nahrung (FVFN), auch als Sterbefasten bezeichnet, ist ein umstrittenes Phänomen im medizinischen und pflegerischen Setting. Es handelt sich um eine freiverantwortliche Entscheidung eines Patienten, die im Zustand der Einsichtsfähigkeit getroffen wird. Dennoch haben Mediziner, Pflegende und Angehörige häufig ein ethisches Problem mit dieser Entscheidung. Teilweise wird diese Entscheidung sogar mit Suizid in Verbindung gebracht. Im vorliegenden Standpunkt wird argumentiert, warum Sterbefasten ein würdiger Abschied aus dem Leben sein kann und es sich um ein Sterben-Zulassen und nicht um Suizid handelt.
Effects of Splenectomy on Blood Coagulation and Fibrinolysis in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis: Possible Role of the Spleen in Haemostasis
Authors: Kamisasa Isao , Hidai Koh , Sugiura Mrrsuo , Wada Tatsuo , Yamanaka Manabu 
Published: February 2019

SummaryBlood coagulation and fibrinolysis before and after splenectomy was studied in 74 cases of liver cirrhosis. A hypocoagulable state was found before splenectomy, but the platelet count, and the levels of fibrinogen, plasminogen, ±2-macroglobulin and antithrombin III increased significantly after splenectomy (p < 0.05 to p < 0.001). A marked improvement was observed on the values of r (reaction time), k (clot formation time) and ma (maximal amplitude) of thrombelastograms (p < 0.05 to p < 0.001). The prothrombin time was reduced after the surgery, but not significantly (0.05 < p < 0.1). The levels of arantitrypsin remained almost unchanged, while serum fibrinogen-fibrin degradation products (FDP) showed a slight decrease postoperatively.The immunohistologic study of the spleen excised from 7 cases with liver cirrhosis, with the use of the direct immunofluorescence technique, demonstrated the deposits of fibrin in the splenic cords in all cases. It was not recognized in the spleens of 4 cases without cirrhosis used as the control.A further study of the spleen weight and plasma fibrinogen level showed that a significant inverse correlation exists between these two parameters (p < 0.01).These findings suggest that localized intravascular coagulation (LIC) occurs in the enlarged spleen associated with liver cirrhosis.
Studies on the Purification and Characterization of Human Urinary Plasminogen and Plasmin
Authors: Chen Hsin Fu , Nakabayashi Masao , Satoh Kazuo , Sakamoto Shoichi 
Published: February 2019

SummaryA new method is described for the preparation of highly purified human plasminogen and plasmin with specific activity of 32 CTA units per mg of protein. With this method, the purification of the urinary plasminogen + plasmin antigenic materials from patients with chronic glomerulonephritis, disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome and severe toxemia of pregnancy was performed, and the resulting highly purified proenzyme and enzyme were analyzed by immunoelectrophoresis, separative agar electrophoresis, gel filtration and SDS-gel electrophoresis.Our findings indicated that urinary plasmin reflects more closely the extent of intraglomerular fibrinolysis, while urinary plasminogen reflects non-selective proteinuria in patients with chronic glomerulonephritis or severe toxemia of pregnancy.
Cooperativity of Albumin and Aggrexons A and B for ADP-Induced-Aggregation of Platelets
Authors: Inada Yuji , Okada Masahisa , Saito Yuji , Okamoto Hiroshi , Matsushima Ayako 
Published: February 2019

SummaryUsing extensively washed bovine platelets and a chemically defined medium instead of whole plasma, it was demonstrated that aggregation to a near normal extent was induced by ADP only in the presence of at least the following three components from plasma; albumin, Aggrexon A and Aggrexon B. These three proteins apparently acted cooperatively; the elimination of any one of the above mentioned plasma components from the system resulted in marked reduction of the aggregation.
Haemostatic Failure of Prothrombin Complex Concentrates during Elective Dental Procedure
Authors: Blatt Philip M , Pearsall Arthur H , Givhan Edgar G , Hallum Charles E , Roberts Harold R , Webster William P 
Published: February 2019

SummaryOne haemophilia A patient with an inhibitor was exposed to a graded surgical procedure and treated with Prothrombin Complex Concentrates (PCC). Hemostasis was not obtained until the inhibitor was neutralized and the patient�s factor VIII level was normal. This patient is presented to emphasize that PCC are not nearly as effective as once hoped in producing hemostasis in inhibitor patients. Consequently, major decisions should not be made presuming efficacy of these products in inhibitor patients.
Die Nachsorge des Lungenkarzinoms
Authors: Tufman Amanda , Duell Thomas , Schneider Christian 
Published: February 2019

ZusammenfassungZiel dieses Beitrags ist es, die aktuellen Leitlinien bzw. Empfehlungen zur Nachsorge des Lungenkarzinoms zu präsentieren und eine evidenzbasierte Herangehensweise für die Erstellung von individualisierten Nachsorgepläne aufzuzeigen.
Martensitic transformation, crystal structure and shape memory effect in Ni55−xMn25Ga20Cox alloys
Authors: Brzoza A. , Sumara S. , Wierzbicka-Miernik A. , Maziarz W. , Szczerba M. J. 
Published: February 2019

The effect of cobalt addition instead of nickel on the crystal structure, martensitic transformation behaviour and shape memory effect were investigated. Within the analysed range of chemical composition, a single non-modulated martensite was detected at ambient temperature. Cobalt addition modified the lattice parameters and, thus, affected the tetragonality of the martensite unit cell. The hysteresis of martensitic transformation was differently affected by the type of heat treatment applied. For furnace cooled samples, the hysteresis decreased from 50°C to 30°C; in the case of water quenched samples, the hysteresis sharply increased up to 60°C. The shape memory effect, measured as the recoverable strain upon annealing after compression tests, reached a fully recoverable deformation at 10 at.-% of cobalt. This paper is part of a Thematic Issue on The Crystallographic Aspects of Metallic Alloys.
Identifying membrane-bound quinoprotein glucose dehydrogenase from acetic acid bacteria that produce lactobionic and cellobionic acids
Authors: Kiryu Takaaki , Kiso Taro , Koma Daisuke , Tanaka Shigemitsu , Murakami Hiromi 
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACT
Acetic acid bacteria are used in the commercial production of lactobionic acid (LacA). However, the lactose-oxidizing enzyme of these bacteria remains unidentified. Lactose-oxidizing activity has been detected in bacterial membrane fractions and is strongly inhibited by d-glucose, suggesting that the enzyme was a membrane-bound quinoprotein glucose dehydrogenase, but these dehydrogenases have been reported to be incapable of oxidizing lactose. Thus, we generated m-GDH-overexpressing and -deficient strains of Komagataeibacter medellinensis NBRC3288 and investigated their lactose-oxidizing activities. Whereas the overexpressing variants produced ~2–5-fold higher amounts of LacA than the wild-type strains, the deficient variant produced no LacA or d-gluconic acid. Our results indicate that the lactose-oxidizing enzyme from acetic acid bacteria is membrane-bound quinoprotein glucose dehydrogenase.
Abbreviations: LacA: lactobionic acid; AAB: acetic acid bacterium; m-GDH: membrane-bound quinoprotein glucose dehydrogenase; DCIP: 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol; HPAEC-PAD: high-performance anion-exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection
Low-dose Methotrexate has Similar Outcomes to High-dose Methotrexate in Combination with Anti-TNF Therapy in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
Authors: Borren Nienke Z , Luther Jay , Colizzo Francis P , Garber John G , Khalili Hamed , Ananthakrishnan Ashwin N 
Published: February 2019

Abstract

Background and Aims
Methotrexate [MTX] is a well-known immunomodulator in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease [IBD] and is often combined with biologic agents. The ideal MTX dose for combination therapy has not been determined. This study aimed to investigate the effect of varying doses of MTX on efficacy and safety outcomes when used with anti-TNF agents in IBD.

Methods
This study included patients with Crohn’s disease [CD] or ulcerative colitis [UC] receiving care between January 2005 and June 2018. Low-dose MTX was defined as ≤12.5 mg/week and high-dose as >12.5 mg/week. The primary efficacy outcome was a composite of need for IBD-related hospitalization or surgery, steroid initiation, or change of biologic agent within 1 year. Safety outcomes included side effects related to MTX, serious infections, malignancy, and need to discontinue MTX therapy within 1 year. Multivariable logistic regression models adjusting for relevant covariates were used to assess independent association between MTX dose and outcomes.

Results
Our study included 222 patients with IBD [163 CD, 59 UC]. Just under a third were receiving low-dose MTX [28%]. The primary efficacy composite outcome was noted in 75 patients [47%] in the high-dose MTX group compared with 23 patients [37%] in the low-dose MTX group [p = 0.15]. We found no significant associations between MTX dose and any side effect [odds ratio 1.59, 95% confidence interval 0.77–3.31, p = 0.21] or development of serious infections [odds ratio 1.19, 95% confidence interval 0.41–3.45, p = 0.76].

Conclusions
Low-dose and high-dose MTX combination therapy were equally effective, and no difference in infection or malignancy rates was observed.