bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anatomical and mechanical properties of swine midpalatal suture in the premaxillary, maxillary, and palatine region
Authors: Savoldi Fabio , Xu Bing , Tsoi James K. H. , Paganelli Corrado , Matinlinna Jukka P. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe mechanical properties of the midpalatal suture and their relationship with anatomical parameters are relevant for both tissue engineering and clinical treatments, such as in sutural distraction osteogenesis. Soft tissues were dissected from ten swine heads and the hard palate was sliced perpendicularly to the midpalatal suture. Thirteen specimens were collected from each animal and analysed with micro-computed tomography and 4-point-bending for sutural width (Sw), interdigitation (LII), obliteration (LOI), failure stress (σf), elastic modulus (E), and bone mineral density (BMD). Values of the premaxillary, maxillary, and palatine region were compared with Kruskal-Wallis one-way ANOVA and Spearman’s rank coefficient was used to analyse the correlation between parameters and their position along the suture (α = 0.05).LIIhad values of 1.0, 2.9, and 4.3,LOIhad values of 0.0%, 2.5%, and 4.5%, andEhad values of 12.5 MPa, 31.3 MPa, and 98.5 MPa, in the premaxillary, maxillary, and palatine region, respectively (p < 0.05). Failure stress and rigidity of the midpalatal suture increased from rostral to caudal, due to greater interdigitation and obliteration. These anatomical and mechanical findings contribute to characterise maxillary growth, and may help to understand its mechanical reaction during loading, and in virtual simulations.
Orbital-scale denitrification changes in the Eastern Arabian Sea during the last 800 kyrs
Authors: Kim Ji-Eun , Khim Boo-Keun , Ikehara Minoru , Lee Jongmin 
Published: April 2018

AbstractDenitrification in the Arabian Sea is closely related to the monsoon-induced upwelling and subsequent phytoplankton production in the surface water. The δ15N values of bulk sediments collected at Site U1456 of the International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) Expedition 355 reveal the orbital-scale denitrification history in response to the Indian Monsoon. Age reconstruction based on the correlation of planktonic foraminifera (Globigerinoides ruber) δ18O values with the LR04 stack together with the shipboard biostratigraphic and paleomagnetic data assigns the study interval to be 1.2 Ma. Comparison of δ15N values during the last 800 kyrs between Site U1456 (Eastern Arabian Sea) and Site 722B (Western Arabian Sea) showed that δ15N values were high during interglacial periods, indicating intensified denitrification, while the opposite was observed during glacial periods. Taking 6‰ as the empirical threshold of denitrification, the Eastern Arabian Sea has experienced a persistent oxygen minimum zone (OMZ) to maintain strong denitrification whereas the Western Arabian Sea has undergone OMZ breakdown during some glacial periods. The results of this study also suggests that five principal oceanographic conditions were changed in response to the Indian Monsoon following the interglacial and glacial cycles, which controls the degree of denitrification in the Arabian Sea.
Phylogenetic analyses and in-seedling expression of ammonium and nitrate transporters in wheat
Authors: Bajgain Prabin , Russell Blake , Mohammadi Mohsen 
Published: April 2018

AbstractPlants deploy several ammonium transporter (AMT) and nitrate transporter (NRT) genes to acquire NH4+and NO3−from the soil into the roots and then transport them to other plant organs. Coding sequences of wheat genes obtained from ENSEMBL were aligned to known AMT and NRT sequences ofArabidopsis, barley, maize, rice, and wheat to retrieve homologous genes. Bayesian phylogenetic relationships among these genes showed distinct classification of sequences with significant homology toNRT1,NRT2, andNRT3(NAR2). Inter-species gene duplication analysis showed that eight AMT and 77 NRT genes were orthologous to the AMT and NRT genes of aforementioned plant species. Expression patterns of these genes were studied via whole transcriptome sequencing of 21-day old seedlings of five spring wheat lines. Eight AMT and 52 NRT genes were differentially expressed between root and shoot; and 131 genes did not express neither in root nor in shoot of 21-day old seedlings. Homeologous genes in the A, B, and D genomes, characterized by high sequence homology, revealed that their counterparts exhibited different expression patterns. This complement and evolutionary relationship of wheat AMT and NRT genes is expected to help in development of wheat germplasm with increased efficiency in nitrogen uptake and usage.
Asymptotic stability of a modified Lotka-Volterra model with small immigrations
Authors: Tahara Takeru , Gavina Maica Krizna Areja , Kawano Takenori , Tubay Jerrold M. , Rabajante Jomar F. , Ito Hiromu , Morita Satoru , Ichinose Genki , Okabe Takuya , Togashi Tatsuya , Tainaka Kei-ichi , Shimizu Akira , Nagatani Takashi , Yoshimura Jin 
Published: April 2018

AbstractPredator-prey systems have been studied intensively for over a hundred years. These studies have demonstrated that the dynamics of Lotka-Volterra (LV) systems are not stable, that is, exhibiting either cyclic oscillation or divergent extinction of one species. Stochastic versions of the deterministic cyclic oscillations also exhibit divergent extinction. Thus, we have no solution for asymptotic stability in predator-prey systems, unlike most natural predator-prey interactions that sometimes exhibit stable and persistent coexistence. Here, we demonstrate that adding a small immigration into the prey or predator population can stabilize the LV system. Although LV systems have been studied intensively, there is no study on the non-linear modifications that we have tested. We also checked the effect of the inclusion of non-linear interaction term to the stability of the LV system. Our results show that small immigrations invoke stable convergence in the LV system with three types of functional responses. This means that natural predator-prey populations can be stabilized by a small number of sporadic immigrants.
Applications and efficiencies of the first cat 63K DNA array
Authors: Gandolfi Barbara , Alhaddad Hasan , Abdi Mona , Bach Leslie H. , Creighton Erica K. , Davis Brian W. , Decker Jared E. , Dodman Nicholas H. , Ginns Edward I. , Grahn Jennifer C. , Grahn Robert A. , Haase Bianca , Haggstrom Jens , Hamilton Michael J. , Helps Christopher R. , Kurushima Jennifer D. , Lohi Hannes , Longeri Maria , Malik Richard , Meurs Kathryn M. , Montague Michael J. , Mullikin James C. , Murphy William J. , Nilson Sara M. , Pedersen Niels C. , Peterson Carlyn B. , Rusbridge Clare , Saif Rashid , Shelton G. Diane , Warren Wesley C. , Wasim Muhammad , Lyons Leslie A. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe development of high throughput SNP genotyping technologies has improved the genetic dissection of simple and complex traits in many species including cats. The properties of feline 62,897 SNPs Illumina Infinium iSelect DNA array are described using a dataset of over 2,000 feline samples, the most extensive to date, representing 41 cat breeds, a random bred population, and four wild felid species. Accuracy and efficiency of the array’s genotypes and its utility in performing population-based analyses were evaluated. Average marker distance across the array was 37,741 Kb, and across the dataset, only 1% (625) of the markers exhibited poor genotyping and only 0.35% (221) showed Mendelian errors. Marker polymorphism varied across cat breeds and the average minor allele frequency (MAF) of all markers across domestic cats was 0.21. Population structure analysis confirmed a Western to Eastern structural continuum of cat breeds. Genome-wide linkage disequilibrium ranged from 50–1,500 Kb for domestic cats and 750 Kb for European wildcats (Felis silvestris silvestris). Array use in trait association mapping was investigated under different modes of inheritance, selection and population sizes. The efficient array design and cat genotype dataset continues to advance the understanding of cat breeds and will support monogenic health studies across feline breeds and populations.
Dysregulation of tristetraprolin and human antigen R promotes gastric cancer progressions partly by upregulation of the high-mobility group box 1
Authors: Wang Hao , Chen Yigang , Guo Jian , Shan Ting , Deng Kaiyuan , Chen Jialin , Cai Liping , Zhou Hong , Zhao Qin , Jin Shimao , Xia Jiazeng 
Published: April 2018

AbstractAberrant expression of ARE-binding proteins (ARE-BPs) plays an important role in several diseases, including cancer. Both tristetraprolin (TTP) and human antigen R (HuR) are important ARE-BPs and always play opposite roles in regulating target mRNAs. Our previous work has demonstrated that TTP expression is decreased in gastric cancer (GC). In this study, we reported that HuR was elevated in GC cell lines and gastric cancer patients and that decreased TTP expression partly contributed to the elevated HuR levels by regulating its mRNA turnover. We also observed that dysregulation of TTP and HuR elevated the high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) expression in different ways. HuR promoted HMGB1 expression at translational level, while TTP regulated HMGB1 mRNA turnover by destabilizing its mRNA. Increased HuR promoted cancer cell proliferation and the metastasis potential partly by HMGB1. Using immunohistochemistry, we observed that both positive cytoplasmic and high-expression of nuclear HuR were associated with poor pathologic features and survival of GC patients. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that dysregulation of the TTP and HuR plays an important role in GC. Moreover, high HuR nuclear expression or aberrant cytoplasmic distribution may serve as a predictor of poor survival.
2H-NbS2 film as a novel counter electrode for meso-structured perovskite solar cells
Authors: Shao Feng , Tian Zhangliu , Qin Peng , Bu Kejun , Zhao Wei , Xu Li , Wang Deliang , Huang Fuqiang 
Published: April 2018

AbstractWe report the use of 2H-NbS2 film as a novel counter electrode in perovskite solar cells fabricated with a cold isostatic pressing method. The 2H-NbS2 film, which was prepared through an exfoliation method followed by restacking from LixNbS2 powder, shows high electrical conductivity of 8.7 × 103 S cm−1 and work function of 5.20 eV. The two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenide was used for the first time as a counter electrode in meso-structured perovskite solar cells. Through this process, we demonstrated a new alternative to noble metals. The perovskite solar cell base on the 2H-NbS2 counter electrode showed an open-circuit voltage of 1.046 V, comparable to that of gold, and a power conversion efficiency of 8.3%.
Multiple aspects of male germ cell development and interactions with Sertoli cells require inositol hexakisphosphate kinase-1
Authors: Fu Chenglai , Rojas Tomas , Chin Alfred C. , Cheng Weiwei , Bernstein Isaac A. , Albacarys Lauren K. , Wright William W. , Snyder Solomon H. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractInositol hexakisphosphate kinase-1 (IP6K1) is required for male fertility, but the underlying mechanisms have been elusive. Here, we report that IP6K1 is required for multiple aspects of male germ cell development. This development requires selective interactions between germ cells and Sertoli cells, namely apical ectoplasmic specialization. Spermiation (sperm release) requires tubulobulbar complexes. We found that the apical ectoplasmic specialization and tubulobulbar complexes were poorly formed or disrupted in IP6K1 KOs. Deletion of IP6K1 elicited several aberrations, including: 1, sloughing off of round germ cells; 2, disorientation and malformation of elongating/elongated spermatids; 3, degeneration of acrosomes; 4, defects in germ-Sertoli cell interactions and 5, failure of spermiation. Eventually the sperm cells were not released but phagocytosed by Sertoli cells leading to an absence of sperm in the epididymis.
Cyclization Reaction Catalyzed by Cyclodipeptide Synthases Relies on a Conserved Tyrosine Residue
Authors: Schmitt Emmanuelle , Bourgeois Gabrielle , Gondry Muriel , Aleksandrov Alexey 
Published: April 2018

AbstractCyclodipeptide synthases (CDPSs) form various cyclodipeptides from two aminoacyl tRNAs via a stepwise mechanism with the formation of a dipeptidyl enzyme intermediate. As a final step of the catalytic reaction, the dipeptidyl group undergoes intramolecular cyclization to generate the target cyclodipeptide product. In this work, we investigated the cyclization reaction in the cyclodipeptide synthase AlbC using QM/MM methods and free energy simulations. The results indicate that the catalytic Y202 residue is in its neutral protonated form, and thus, is not likely to serve as a general base during the reaction. We further demonstrate that the reaction relies on the conserved residue Y202 serving as a proton relay, and the direct proton transfer from the amino group to S37 of AlbC is unlikely. Calculations reveal that the hydroxyl group of tyrosine is more suitable for the proton transfer than hydroxyl groups of other amino acids, such as serine and threonine. Results also show that the residues E182, N40, Y178 and H203 maintain the correct conformation of the dipeptide needed for the cyclization reaction. The mechanism discovered in this work relies on the amino groups conserved among the entire CDPS family and, thus is expected to be universal among CDPSs.
Cigarette smoke and chewing tobacco alter expression of different sets of miRNAs in oral keratinocytes
Authors: Bhat Mohd Younis , Advani Jayshree , Rajagopalan Pavithra , Patel Krishna , Nanjappa Vishalakshi , Solanki Hitendra S. , Patil Arun H. , Bhat Firdous A. , Mathur Premendu P. , Nair Bipin , Prasad T. S. Keshava , Califano Joseph A. , Sidransky David , Gowda Harsha , Chatterjee Aditi 
Published: April 2018

AbstractCarcinogenic effect of tobacco in oral cancer is through chewing and/or smoking. Significant differences exist in development of oral cancer between tobacco users and non-users. However, molecular alterations induced by different forms of tobacco are yet to be fully elucidated. We developed cellular models of chronic exposure to chewing tobacco and cigarette smoke using immortalized oral keratinocytes. Chronic exposure to tobacco resulted in increased cell scattering and invasiveness in immortalized oral keratinocytes. miRNA sequencing using Illumina HiSeq 2500 resulted in the identification of 10 significantly dysregulated miRNAs (4 fold; p ≤ 0.05) in chewing tobacco treated cells and 6 in cigarette smoke exposed cells. We integrated this data with global proteomic data and identified 36 protein targets that showed inverse expression pattern in chewing tobacco treated cells and 16 protein targets that showed inverse expression in smoke exposed cells. In addition, we identified 6 novel miRNAs in chewing tobacco treated cells and 18 novel miRNAs in smoke exposed cells. Integrative analysis of dysregulated miRNAs and their targets indicates that signaling mechanisms leading to oncogenic transformation are distinct between both forms of tobacco. Our study demonstrates alterations in miRNA expression in oral cells in response to two frequently used forms of tobacco.
Statistical learning of mobility patterns from long-term monitoring of locomotor behaviour with body-worn sensors
Authors: Ghosh Sayantan , Fleiner Tim , Giannouli Eleftheria , Jaekel Uwe , Mellone Sabato , Häussermann Peter , Zijlstra Wiebren 
Published: April 2018

AbstractLong term monitoring of locomotor behaviour in humans using body-worn sensors can provide insight into the dynamical structure of locomotion, which can be used for quantitative, predictive and classification analyses in a biomedical context. A frequently used approach to study daily life locomotor behaviour in different population groups involves categorisation of locomotion into various states as a basis for subsequent analyses of differences in locomotor behaviour. In this work, we use such a categorisation to develop two feature sets, namely state probability and transition rates between states, and use supervised classification techniques to demonstrate differences in locomotor behaviour. We use this to study the influence of various states in differentiating between older adults with and without dementia. We further assess the contribution of each state and transition and identify the states most influential in maximising the classification accuracy between the two groups. The methods developed here are general and can be applied to areas dealing with categorical time series.
Two-micron all-fibered dual-comb spectrometer based on electro-optic modulators and wavelength conversion
Authors: Parriaux Alexandre , Hammani Kamal , Millot Guy 
Published: April 2018

AbstractMid-infrared dual-comb spectroscopy offers interesting applications since molecules have their strongest rotational–vibrational absorptions in this frequency domain. Besides, generating frequency combs with electro-optic modulators recently showed promising results toward dual-comb spectroscopy. Here, we report a conversion in the mid-infrared of two mutually coherent frequency combs generated with electro-optic modulators to perform dual-comb spectroscopy in this region. Using fourth-order modulation instability taking place in the normal dispersion regime of a highly nonlinear fiber and by seeding this phenomenon with a frequency agile and low-power laser around 1.3 μm, we develop a stable and wavelength tunable all-fibered dual-comb spectrometer operating in the 2 μm region. This allows us to investigate CO2 absorption spectra over 37 nm and to measure collisional broadening coefficients of a few rotational–vibrational lines.
A search for OB stars in the field of the galactic OB association Bochum 7
Authors: Corti M. A. , Orellana R. B. , Bosch G. L. 
Published: April 2018

Aims. We plan to identify the members of the Bochum 7 association by performing simultaneous astrometric and spectrophotometric analyses, and estimate its distance and evolutionary stage.
Methods. We used our own visual spectroscopic and UBV photometric data of a 30′ × 30′ region centered at = 8h44m47.2s, = −45°58′55.5″. This information enabled us to estimate the spectral classification and distance of all stars present in the region. The proper motion was analyzed with data of the UCAC 5 catalog and was used to identify the members of this association. We added JHK data from 2MASS and IRAS catalogs to check for the presence of infrared (IR) excess stars.
Results. We found that Bochum 7 is an OB association with at least 27 identified stellar members (l = 265°.12, b = − 2°) at a distance of ≃5640 pc. Its proper motion is μαcos δ = −4.92 ± 0.08 mas yr−1, μδ = 3.26 ± 0.08 mas yr−1. We derived an average heliocentric radial velocity of ~35 km s−1 and were able to confirm the binary nature of the (ALS 1135) system and detect four new binary star candidates. Analysis of data for massive Bo 7 star candidates points towards a young age (≤ 3 × 106 years old) for the association, although the presence of a previous episode of star formation remains to be analyzed.
Pediatric Endoscopic Endonasal Approaches for Skull Base Lesions in the Very Young: Is It Safe and Effective?
Authors: Schupper Alexander , Deconde Adam , Levy Michael , Nation Javan 
Published: April 2018

Introduction The fully endoscopic expanded endonasal approach (EEA) has been shown to be safe and efficacious in pediatric patients. However, in the very young patient (ages six and under), the anatomical challenge of working through a small nasal corridor is problematic. The ability to repair the skull base and use a nasoseptal flap (NSF) has also been called into question. Here, we review skull base resections using EEA in patients aged 6 years and younger.
Methods A retrospective chart review was conducted on pediatric patients age 6 years and younger who underwent EEA skull base resections over a 3-year period (June 2014 through June 2017).
Results Eight children aged 6 and under with seven tumor pathologies underwent an EEA for the resection of their skull base tumors, with a mean follow-up of 1.45 years. Only chordoma cases required multiple-staged resections. There are no tumor recurrences to date. A high-flow intraoperative cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak was encountered in three cases, and there were no postoperative CSF leaks. CSF leaks were effectively repaired with NSFs. One patient suffered from postoperative hypopituitarism, one patient experienced recurrent epistaxis secondary to turbinate destruction by the tumor, and one patient expired 8 months postresection secondary to metastatic disease.
Conclusion In our case series, EEA for skull base tumors in children aged 6 and under was a safe and effective surgical approach. Skull base defects are able to be effectively addressed with typical repairs including NSFs. Larger studies are warranted to further investigate this technique in this pediatric population.
Local initiation conditions for water autoionization
Authors: Moqadam Mahmoud , Lervik Anders , Riccardi Enrico , Venkatraman Vishwesh , Alsberg Bjørn Kåre , van Erp Titus S. 
Published: April 2018

Significance
The dissociation of water is arguably the most fundamental chemical reaction occurring in the aqueous phase. Despite that the splitting of a water molecule very seldom occurs, the reaction is of major importance in many areas of chemistry and biology. Direct experimental probing of the event is still impossible and also simulating the event via accurate computer simulations is challenging. Here, we achieved the latter via specialized rare-event algorithms estimating rates of dissociation in agreement with indirect experimental measurements. Even more interestingly, by a rigorous analysis of our results we identified anomalies in the water structure that act as initiators of the reaction, a finding that suggests paradigms for steering and catalyzing chemical reactions.
Green function of correlated genes in a minimal mechanical model of protein evolution
Authors: Dutta Sandipan , Eckmann Jean-Pierre , Libchaber Albert , Tlusty Tsvi 
Published: April 2018

Significance
Many protein functions involve large-scale motion of their amino acids, while alignment of their sequences shows long-range correlations. This has motivated search for physical links between genetic and phenotypic collective behaviors. The major challenge is the complex nature of protein: nonrandom heteropolymers made of 20 species of amino acids that fold into a strongly coupled network. In light of this complexity, simplified models are useful. Our model describes protein in terms of the Green function, which directly links the gene to force propagation and collective dynamics in the protein. This allows for derivation of basic determinants of evolution, such as fitness landscape and epistasis, which are often hard to calculate.
A comprehensive omics analysis and functional survey of cuticular proteins in the brown planthopper
Authors: Pan Peng-Lu , Ye Yu-Xuan , Lou Yi-Han , Lu Jia-Bao , Cheng Chen , Shen Yan , Moussian Bernard , Zhang Chuan-Xi 
Published: April 2018

Significance
The cuticle, mainly composed of chitin and cuticular proteins (CPs), is a multifunctional structure of arthropods. CPs usually account for >1% of the total insect proteins encoded in the genome. Why does an insect need so many different CPs? In this study, we use comprehensive large-scale technologies to study the full complement of CPs and their functions in the brown planthopper (BPH). A total of 32 of the 140 BPH CP genes are found to be essential for nymph/adult development, egg production, or embryo development; in addition, redundant and complementary functions of CPs are revealed.