bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The STROBE: a system for closed-looped optogenetic control of freely feeding flies
Authors: Musso Pierre-Yves , Junca Pierre , Jelen Meghan , Feldman-Kiss Damian , Zhang Han , Chan Rachel C.W. , Gordon Michael D. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractManipulating feeding circuits in freely moving animals is challenging, in part because the timing of sensory inputs is affected by the animal’s behavior. To address this challenge in Drosophila, we developed the Sip-Triggered Optogenetic Behavior Enclosure (“STROBE”). The STROBE is a closed-looped system for real-time optogenetic activation of feeding flies, designed to evoke neural excitation coincident with food contact. We demonstrate that optogenetic stimulation of sweet sensory neurons in the STROBE drives attraction to tasteless food, while activation of bitter sensory neurons promotes avoidance. Moreover, feeding behavior in the STROBE is modified by the fly’s internal state, as well as the presence of chemical taste ligands. We also find that mushroom body dopaminergic neurons and their respective post-synaptic partners drive opposing feeding behaviors following activation. Together, these results establish the STROBE as a new tool for dissecting fly feeding circuits and suggest a role for mushroom body circuits in processing naïve taste responses.
Mitogenomes illuminate the origin and migration patterns of the indigenous people of the Canary Islands
Authors: Fregel Rosa , Ordóñez Alejandra C. , Santana-Cabrera Jonathan , Cabrera Vicente M. , Velasco-Vazquez Javier , Alberto Verónica , Moreno-Benítez Marco A. , Delgado-Darias Teresa , Rodríguez-Rodríguez Amelia del Carmen , Hernández Juan Carlos , Pais Jorge , González-Montelongo Rafaela , Lorenzo-Salazar José M. , Flores Carlos , de Mercadal M. Carmen Cruz , Álvarez-Rodríguez Nuria , Shapiro Beth , Arnay Matilde , Bustamante Carlos D. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe Canary Islands’ indigenous people have been the subject of substantial archaeological, anthropological, linguistic and genetic research pointing to a most probable North African Berber source. However, neither agreement about the exact point of origin nor a model for the indigenous colonization of the islands has been established. To shed light on these questions, we analyzed 48 ancient mitogenomes from 25 archaeological sites from the seven main islands. Most lineages observed in the ancient samples have a Mediterranean distribution, and belong to lineages associated with the Neolithic expansion in the Near East and Europe (T2c, J2a, X3a…). This phylogeographic analysis of Canarian indigenous mitogenomes, the first of its kind, shows that some lineages are restricted to Central North Africa (H1cf, J2a2d and T2c1d3), while others have a wider distribution, including both West and Central North Africa, and, in some cases, Europe and the Near East (U6a1a1, U6a7a1, U6b, X3a, U6c1). In addition, we identify four new Canarian-specific lineages (H1e1a9, H4a1e, J2a2d1a and L3b1a12) whose coalescence dates correlate with the estimated time for the colonization of the islands (1stmillennia CE). Additionally, we observe an asymmetrical distribution of mtDNA haplogroups in the ancient population, with certain haplogroups appearing more frequently in the islands closer to the continent. This reinforces results based on modern mtDNA and Y-chromosome data, and archaeological evidence suggesting the existence of two distinct migrations. Comparisons between insular populations show that some populations had high genetic diversity, while others were probably affected by genetic drift and/or bottlenecks. In spite of observing interinsular differences in the survival of indigenous lineages, modern populations, with the sole exception of La Gomera, are homogenous across the islands, supporting the theory of extensive human mobility after the European conquest.
Recycling of single-stranded DNA-binding protein by the bacterial replisome
Authors: Spenkelink Lisanne M. , Lewis Jacob S. , Jergic Slobodan , Xu Zhi-Qiang , Robinson Andrew , Dixon Nicholas E. , van Oijen Antoine M. 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACTSingle-stranded DNA-binding proteins (SSBs) support DNA replication by protecting single-stranded DNA from nucleolytic attack, preventing intra-strand pairing events, and playing many other regulatory roles within the replisome. Recent developments in single-molecule approaches have led to a revised picture of the replisome that is much more complex in how it retains or recycles protein components. Here we visualise how anin vitroreconstitutedE. colireplisome recruits SSB by relying on two different molecular mechanisms. Not only does it recruit new SSB molecules from solution to coat newly formed single-stranded DNA on the lagging strand, but it also internally recycles SSB from one Okazaki fragment to the next. We show that this internal transfer mechanism is balanced against recruitment from solution in a manner that is concentration dependent. By visualising SSB dynamics in live cells, we show that both internal transfer and external exchange mechanisms are physiologically relevant.
Exploring the role of accounting in the People’s Commune of China between 1958 and 1966
Authors: Xu Lina , Zhang Eagle , Cortese Corinne 
Published: December 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to consider the role of accounting in the construction and maintenance of political hegemony during Mao’s People’s Commune movement in China between 1958 and 1966. Drawing on concepts of ideological power and intellectual diffusion in political and civil society from Gramsci’s theory of hegemony, it analyses the process by which accounting intellectuals established a set of socialist accounting practices to meet the political challenges of the People’s Commune.

Design/methodology/approach
Gramsci’s theory is adopted to examine how the accounting systems of People’s Commune acted as a mechanism that reflected Mao’s political ideas.

Findings
This paper demonstrates that the accounting system that emerged during these socio-political movements served the ideological purpose of reinforcing Mao’s political ideology and his hegemonic leadership. Accounting functioned within the spheres of both political and civil society to facilitate a national collective will, and to construct behaviours that satisfied the political requirements of the People’s Commune.

Originality/value
This paper will contribute to the accounting history in China from 1958 to 1966.
Corrosion resistance of carbon steel under an aerobic acidic condition in the presence of borate as corrosion inhibitor
Authors: Cui Jun , Yuan Wenjiao , Pei Yuansheng 
Published: December 2018

Purpose
A high-boron concentration solution is commonly used as a buffer system in the study of metal corrosion. However, it is impossible to apply such a high-boron concentration solution in the practical use because of the high-cost and environment problem.

Design/methodology/approach
In this study, the authors examined the effect of a low dosage of boric acid and borax mixture as inhibitor to suppress carbon steel corrosion in 1 M HCl solution by weight loss experiment and various electrochemistry methods (potentiodynamic polarization curves, electrochemical impedance spectra and electrochemical noise).

Findings
Results showed that the borate mixture exhibited an anodic-type inhibitor characteristic, when the total boron concentration was in the range of 100∼150 mg L−1. The passivation performance derived from the formation of a passive film with and FeBO3-FeOOH structure, whose integrity and thickness gradually increased with the increasing boron concentration.

Originality/value
Low boron solution could protect carbon steel from the attraction of corrosive ions by forming a passive film with Fe-O-B structure. The findings broaden the application range of borate solution in the industry.
The influence of SAR government performance on people’s trust toward Central government
Authors: Chris Cheung Hin Wah , So Man Yum Larry , Choi Chi U. Francis , Chow Chin Fung Philip 
Published: December 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore the influence of Special Administrative Region (SAR) performance on the “trust” of Hong Kong and Macau people, who “live” under similar context of “one country, two systems,” toward Beijing Central Government. The different perceptions, relating to the abovementioned issue, of the young peoples’ are also investigated. Implication for civic education in these two societies will be brought to light.

Design/methodology/approach
This study adopts secondary data analysis on the captioned topic. To further illustrate the said issue, this study reviews and analyzes data from protest campaigns in both societies.

Findings
This paper finds that the performance of Hong Kong and Macau SAR Governments has different impacts on the peoples’ “trust” toward Central Government. It may attribute to the different perceptions about the role of Central Government and levels of democratization in these societies. Civic education emphasizing the “core spirit” of “One country, two systems,” roles of SAR and Central Governments could enable young people better comprehend their relationship with Mainland China and their role as SAR–Chinese citizens.

Originality/value
This paper is an exploratory study for providing implications for further research on this topic.
Teaching Chinese in Canada: epics of three Chinese scholars
Authors: Lan Kenneth 
Published: December 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to reveal the development of Chinese studies in selective Canadian universities through examining the remarkable careers of three middle-aged ethnic Chinese intellectuals.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper analyses the origin and growth of East Asian Studies programs in Canada by first describing the backgrounds of the three scholars. Why did Canadian universities accept them despite their Chinese origin?

Findings
Canadian universities are indeed the incubators of racial tolerance. Racism existed in the 1950s but was only confined to the collegial level. Universities generally welcomed a diversified representation of their payroll. While none of three academics founded East Asian Studies programs in their institutions, they had forcibly become their mascots and had lured more students into lifelong studies of the Far East. Despite the early fanfare of their recruitments, all three had become disillusioned with their employers as years passed. They felt their contributions were taken for granted and had shifted their career focuses elsewhere. The Asia-Pacific is still marginally focussed in the Canadian academe.

Originality/value
The three men and many others in the field have sowed the seed for the study of China and the East Asian region in Canada. It is up to future “East Asianists” to carry on this tradition that they had built in the twentieth century.
Public–private partnerships in Tanzanian affordable housing schemes
Authors: Kavishe Neema , Chileshe Nicholas , Jefferson Ian 
Published: December 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to identify and rank policy and regulatory framework factors and inherent pitfalls in the delivery of Tanzanian public–private partnerships (PPPs) affordable housing schemes. The strength of interactions between pitfalls is established, with practical solution proposals offered.

Design/methodology/approach
Primary data were collected from questionnaires administered to 28 Tanzanian stakeholders. Semi-structured interviews with public and private sector respondents then complemented survey findings with proposed solutions. The quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics, mean scores, parametric tests and correlation analyses. Directed content analysis was used for the interview transcripts.

Findings
Results show that “current PPP policy and guidelines need further improvement” and “Tanzania has a PPP policy and clear regulatory framework” were rated higher as policy and regulatory factors. In contrast, “poor planning skills and analytical capacity”, “high cost of building materials” and “inadequate access to housing finance” were the critical pitfalls. Most practical solutions were broadly financial in nature, or related to training, project management or PPP-enabling environment.

Originality/value
The paper provides solutions that can be tailored to international practitioners interested in understanding the effects of PPP policy, regulatory issues and pitfalls on Sub-Saharan Africa and other similar developing economies.
A theory of contingent business process management
Authors: Zelt Sarah , Recker Jan , Schmiedel Theresa , vom Brocke Jan 
Published: December 2018

PurposeMany researchers and practitioners suggest a contingent instead of a “one size fits all” approach in business process management (BPM). The purpose of this paper is to offer a contingency theory of BPM, which proposes contingency factors relevant to the successful management of business processes and that explains how and why these contingencies impact the relationships between process management and performance.Design/methodology/approachThe authors develop the theory by drawing on organizational information processing theory (OIPT) and applying an information processing (IP) perspective to the process level.FindingsThe premise of the model is that the process management mechanisms such as documentation, standardization or monitoring must compensate for the uncertainty and equivocality of the nature of the process that has to be managed. In turn, managing through successful adaptation is a prerequisite for process performance.Research limitations/implicationsThe theory provides a set of testable propositions that specify the relationship between process management mechanisms and process performance. The authors also discuss implications of the new theory for further theorizing and outline empirical research strategies that can be followed to enact, evaluate and extend the theory.Practical implicationsThe theory developed in this paper allows an alternative way to describe organizational processes and supports the derivation of context-sensitive management approaches for process documentation, standardization, monitoring, execution and coordination.Originality/valueThe theoretical model is novel in that it provides a contextualized view on BPM that acknowledges different types of processes and suggests different mechanisms for managing these. The authors hope the paper serves as inspiration both for further theory development as well as to empirical studies that test, refute, support or otherwise augment the arguments.
An improved simulation model of switched reluctance motor including transient core losses for steady-state operation
Authors: Yan Wenju , Chen Hao , Xu Tong , Wang Kai 
Published: December 2018

Purpose
An improved simulation model of switched reluctance motor (SRM) for steady-state operation that considers the core losses in the stator and rotor is established to obtain the steady performance of the high-speed SRM during the design, analysis and control of SRM driving system more accurately.

Design/methodology/approach
The transient core loss model for the material and SRM is presented. Then a new method for calculating the flux density of the motor in real time is introduced, and a steady-state simulation model of the SRM including real-time transient core losses calculation model is established according to the transient flux density. Because the transient core losses calculated by above method are the total core losses of the motor, a core losses distribution method is proposed and the steady-state simulation model of the SRM including the distributed core losses’ effect on the phase winding is established.

Findings
The comparison results show that the proposed model has higher accuracy than the traditional model, excluding core losses, especially at the moments when phase voltage is turn-on and turn-off. The proportion of the core losses to the motor losses increases with the increase in speed. So, the core losses’ effect on the steady-state performance of the high-speed SRM cannot be ignored.

Originality/value
The method to obtain flux density in the real time is presented and the improved steady-state simulation model of SRM that considering transient core losses is proposed.
Gouritz Cluster Biosphere Reserve: towards sustainability
Authors: Urban Boris , Beswick Claire 
Published: December 2018

Theoretical basis
Research methodology.

Teaching note
Teaching Notes are available for educators only. Please contact your library to gain login details or email support@emeraldinsight.com to request teaching notes.

Learning outcomes
At the end of the case discussion, the students should be able to: demonstrate an understanding of the similarities and differences between profit and non-profit organisations; discuss social entrepreneurship as a process-driven set of activities; assess the organisation-environment-opportunity fit of the dilemma facing them; analyse and resolve practical issues in developing structure and systems; diagnose organisational issues facing enterprises wishing to formalise and grow; evaluate how an organisation may achieve both social and profit objectives; and appreciate the trade-offs of adopting a profit-driven approach for social enterprises.

Case overview/synopsis:
From her office on her farm in the Eden District of South Africa’s Western Cape province, Wendy Crane, who had for many years been involved in the conservation efforts of the Gouritz Cluster Biosphere Reserve (GCBR), drank in the view of the Langeberg Mountains. Her pleasure was a bit diminished by the knowledge that, like so many parts of the GCBR, this area’s environment was under threat. She was preparing for a meeting in March 2017 of the board of the non-profit company (NPC) that sought to initiate and coordinate activities that would achieve the goals of the GCBR. The NPC board members wanted the organisation to be self-sustaining when it came to core costs. To this end, the board had established Gouritz Enterprises as a social enterprise that would be responsible for profit-driven activities which would fund the NPC’s core costs. The enterprise had not yet started work in any formal way, and Crane was not sure if establishing a separate profit-driven entity was the best way of achieving the self-financing goal.

Complexity academic level
Post-graduate management diploma MBAC.

Subject code:
CSS 3: Entrepreneurship.
Numerical investigation on the improved three-hole cooling unit with the trench
Authors: Hou Rui , Wen Fengbo , Cui Tao , Tang Xiaolei , Wang Songtao 
Published: December 2018

Purpose
This study aims to introduce a three-hole cooling unit to improve downstream cooling performance by jet interaction and coalescence at a lower manufacture cost.

Design/methodology/approach
A new three-hole cooling unit is proposed. Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) simulation is performed in the present study. The CFD package ANSYS CFX is used to predict film-cooling effectiveness and flow fields.

Findings
The results show that, at pitch ratio P/D = 3, Case 4 configuration with a round hole upstream and two trenched holes downstream can obtain a high cooling performance at a lower manufacture cost, especially at the higher turbulence. Considering the effect of increased pitch ratio, Case 6 configurations of three staggered trenched holes show a superior downstream cooling performance than Case 4 configurations. Case 6 configurations have the potential of achieving a high cooling performance with a reduced number of holes and less coolant flow.

Research limitations/implications
The application of these cooling units in the turbine passage will be conducted in the future. The more detailed flow field will be simulated by large eddy simulation in the following research.

Practical implications
The round and trenched cooling holes have been proved to be achievable in the manufacture. This combined three-hole cooling unit will give the opportunity to increase turbine inlet temperature further.

Originality/value
Both cooling performance and practical manufacture are taken into account. This cooling scheme will give a superior surface protection on the hot components.
Climate change adaptation in the management of public buildings: an Indonesian context
Authors: Lukito Jose Arif , Susilawati Connie , Goonetilleke Ashantha 
Published: December 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to provide a strategy to integrate climate change adaptation (CCA) in public asset management (PAM) in Indonesia. This paper focusses on public buildings as part of a public asset.Design/methodology/approachAs an archipelagic country, Indonesia is very vulnerable to sea-level rise as a result of climate change. The outcomes of a qualitative analysis of interviews with relevant stakeholders were used for the development of the CCA framework in an Indonesian context.FindingsThe study identified that the integration of CCA in PAM in Indonesia requires the incorporation of nine key elements. These are as follows: recognition of climate change; risk management and insurance schemes for assets; integrated asset management and planning; asset use and knowledge; reliable, accessible and understandable data set on climate change; leadership, government commitment and incentives; involvement of research and private entities; community engagement; and coordination of relevant agencies.Research limitations/implicationsThis paper informed only the key elements required on the development of framework which integrate CCA in PAM.Practical implicationsThe integration of CCA to a PAM framework will support the development of policies and procedures for better-informed decisions.Social implicationsThe framework increases opportunities for stakeholders and community engagement in policy development and decision making in relation to CCA for public assets.Originality/valueThis paper synthesises CCA and PAM using knowledge from the three levels of governments in Australia and Indonesia. CCA and PAM groups work separately in Indonesia and integration will reduce climate change risks and improve decision making in PAM.
Investigating the role of knowledge transfer in supply chain collaboration
Authors: Whitehead Kimberly , Zacharia Zach , Prater Edmund 
Published: December 2018

PurposeDespite the large literature base associated with dyadic collaboration, its knowledge-based antecedents are still not well understood. The purpose of this paper is to better understand those antecedents and to explore why the supply chain (SC) literature has found mixed results regarding knowledge transfer and absorptive capacity in dyadic collaboration research.Design/methodology/approachThe critical incident technique (CIT) was utilized, using qualitative semi-structured interviews to refine a proposed research model. In total, 43 executives were interviewed each providing a description of both a successful and an unsuccessful SC dyadic collaboration. The interviews were analyzed to better understand the knowledge-based antecedents of buyer–supplier collaboration.FindingsThis study suggests that dyadic collaboration and subsequent outcomes are improved by successful knowledge transfer. Additionally, knowledge transfer requires both distributive and absorptive capacities in each participant. The research also uncovered new evidence to support the need for a collaborative orientation to support successful knowledge transfer.Research limitations/implicationsThe interviews conducted using the CIT provided a wealth of information and executive experiences in SC collaboration. However, the interviews only provide a single perspective of collaborative engagements. Multiple perspectives of each collaboration would add value to this research.Originality/valueSC collaboration and knowledge transfer have been well studied across disciplines. This research introduces new knowledge-related variables that can contribute to successful collaboration: distributive capability and SC collaborative orientation.