bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Signature of solargmodes in first-orderp-mode frequency shifts
Authors: Böning Vincent G. A. , Hu Huanchen , Gizon Laurent 
Published: July 2019

Context.Solar gravity modes (gmodes) are buoyancy waves that are trapped in the solar radiative zone and have been very difficult to detect at the surface. Solargmodes would complement solar pressure modes (pmodes) in probing the central regions of the Sun, for example the rotation rate of the core.Aims.A detection ofgmodes using changes in the large frequency separation ofpmodes has recently been reported. However, it is unclear howpandgmodes interact. The aim of this study is to evaluate to what extentgmodes can perturb the frequencies ofpmodes.Methods.We computed the first-order perturbation to globalp-mode frequencies due to a flow field and perturbations to solar structure (e.g. density and sound speed) caused by agmode. We focused on long-periodgmodes and assumed that theg-mode perturbations are constant in time. The surface amplitude ofgmodes is assumed to be 1 mm s−1, which is close to the observational limit set by Doppler observations.Results.Gravity modes do perturbp-mode frequencies to first order if the harmonic degree of thegmode is even and if its azimuthal order is zero. The effect is extremely small. For dipole and quadrupolepmodes, all frequency shifts are smaller than 0.1 nHz, or 2 × 10−8in relative numbers. This is because the relative perturbation to solar structure quantities caused by agmode of realistic amplitude is of the order of 10−6–10−5. Additionally, we find that structural changes dominate over advection. Surprisingly, the interaction ofgandpmodes takes place to a large part near the surface, wherepmodes spend most of their propagation times andgmodes generate the largest relative changes to solar structure. This is due to the steep density stratification, which compensates the evanescent behaviour ofgmodes in the convection zone.Conclusions.It appears to be impossible to detectgmodes solely through their signature inp-mode frequency shifts. Whethergmodes leave a detectable signature inp-mode travel times under a given observational setup remains an open question.
Non-thermal emission from cosmic rays accelerated in H II regions
Authors: Padovani Marco , Marcowith Alexandre , Sánchez-Monge Álvaro , Meng Fanyi , Schilke Peter 
Published: July 2019

Context.Radio observations at metre-centimetre wavelengths shed light on the nature of the emission of H IIregions. Usually this category of objects is dominated by thermal radiation produced by ionised hydrogen, namely protons and electrons. However, a number of observational studies have revealed the existence of H IIregions with a mixture of thermal and non-thermal radiation. The latter represents a clue as to the presence of relativistic electrons. However, neither the interstellar cosmic-ray electron flux nor the flux of secondary electrons, produced by primary cosmic rays through ionisation processes, is high enough to explain the observed flux densities.Aims.We investigate the possibility of accelerating local thermal electrons up to relativistic energies in H IIregion shocks.Methods.We assumed that relativistic electrons can be accelerated through the first-order Fermi acceleration mechanism and we estimated the emerging electron fluxes, the corresponding flux densities, and the spectral indexes.Results.We find flux densities of the same order of magnitude of those observed. In particular, we applied our model to the “deep south” (DS) region of Sagittarius B2 and we succeeded in reproducing the observed flux densities with an accuracy of less than 20% as well as the spectral indexes. The model also gives constraints on magnetic field strength (0.3–4 mG), density (1–9 × 104cm−3), and flow velocity in the shock reference frame (33–50 km s−1) expected in DS.Conclusions.We suggest a mechanism able to accelerate thermal electrons inside H IIregions through the first-order Fermi acceleration. The existence of a local source of relativistic electrons can explain the origin of both the observed non-thermal emission and the corresponding spectral indexes.
Die Wichtigkeit des „Machine Learning“ und der Texturanalyse in der Onkologie anhand der Fusionsbildgebung
Authors: Eberhardt Nina , Kneer Katharina , Prasad Vikas 
Published: July 2019

ZusammenfassungDas Gebiet der Onkologie hat sich in den letzten Jahrzehnten deutlich weiterentwickelt. Klassische Chemotherapien werden aktuell zunehmend durch neue, zielgerichtete „State-of-the-Art“-Therapien ersetzt. Diese zielgerichteten Therapien basieren auf einer Zusammenführung von Informationen aus der molekularen Pathologie, spezifischen Tumormarkern und fortgeschrittener Bildgebungstechnik. PET/CT und PET/MRT bieten aufseiten der Bildgebung hierbei die einzigartige Möglichkeit funktionelle und anatomische Informationen in einer Untersuchung zu vereinen. Bis vor Kurzem wurden PET- und CT/MRT-Bilder meistens binär (Tumor ja/nein) analysiert ohne wesentliche Informationen über die räumliche Verteilung von relevanten Bildparametern innerhalb einer Tumorläsion zu erheben. Mit der Entwicklung und dem Voranschreiten von Texturanalyse-Softwares der nächsten Generation ist es jetzt möglich eine Tumorläsion auch bez. ihrer Heterogenität und Expression spezifischer Zielstrukturen auf den Tumorzellen zu charakterisieren. Jedoch gibt es bei diesem Vorgehen mehrere Herausforderungen, wobei die wichtigste ist, die durch die Texturanalysen generierten großen Datenmengen zu interpretieren. Der Erfolg des „Machine Learning“/des maschinellen Lernens in anderen Gebieten der Wissenschaft, welche mit ähnlich großen Datenmengen umgehen müssen, hat ein neues Kapitel in der zielgerichteten Onkologie mit radioaktiv-markierten Proben eröffnet. In unserem Review-Artikel haben wir das primäre Ziel, aktuelle Literatur und zukünftige Trends der Integration von „Machine Learning“ in der Onkologie durch die Nutzung der Fusionsbildgebung mittels PET/CT oder PET/MRT zusammengefasst.
Hyperferritinemia in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Iron Accumulation or Inflammation?
Authors: Moris Wenke , Verhaegh Pauline , Jonkers Daisy , Deursen Cees van , Koek Ger 
Published: July 2019

AbstractHyperferritinemia, observed in inflammation, iron overload as well as in combination of both, is found in ∼30% of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) patients. The authors summarized the evidence regarding the potential cause of hyperferritinemia in NAFLD, as this may affect the indicated therapy. A systematic literature search was conducted in EMBASE, PubMed, MEDLINE, and the Cochrane library. In the majority of NAFLD patients, hyperferritinemia is due to inflammation without hepatic iron overload. In a smaller group, a dysmetabolic iron overload syndrome (DIOS) is found, showing hyperferritinemia in combination with mild iron accumulation in the reticuloendothelial cells. The smallest group consists of NAFLD patients with hemochromatosis. Phlebotomy is only effective with hepatocellular iron overload and should not be the treatment when hyperferritinemia is related to inflammation, whether or not combined with DIOS. Treatment with lifestyle changes is to date probably the more effective way until new medication is becoming available.
Aortic Valve–Sparing Root Replacement (David I Procedure) in Adolescents: Long-Term Outcome
Authors: Beckmann Erik , Martens Andreas , Krueger Heike , Korte Wilhelm , Kaufeld Tim , Haverich Axel , Shrestha Malakh Lal 
Published: July 2019

Introduction Aortic valve-sparing root replacement (David's procedure) is an especially appealing treatment option for young patients. Here, we present the short-, mid, and long-term outcomes of this operation in adolescent patients.
Methods Between September 1994 and March 2014, 29 patients aged 6 to 21 years underwent the David-I procedure at our center. We conducted a retrospective study with follow-up.
Results The mean age was 16.8 ± 3.4 years and 90% (n = 26) were male. Marfan's syndrome was present in 86% (n = 25) of cases. Ninety-seven percent (n = 28) of cases were performed electively, and one case (3%) was performed emergently for acute aortic dissection type A. There were no early perioperative deaths (0%). Follow-up, which was completed on 100% of patients, comprised a total of 394 patient years and a mean follow-up time of 13.6 ± 5.4 years. The estimates for survival at 1, 5, and 10 years after initial surgery were 100, 97, and 93%, respectively. During follow-up, there were four (14%) late deaths and five (17%) aortic valve-related reoperations. The 1-, 5-, and 10-year estimates for freedom from valve-related reoperation were 100, 86, and 83%, respectively. The perioperative mortality for these five reoperations was 0%.
Discussion Aortic valve–sparing root replacement can be performed in adolescents with a very low perioperative risk. Long-term survival seems to be affected by connective tissue diseases.
Leibniz beyond Leibniz
Authors: Scarafile Giovanni 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
This essay explains the conceptual tools used in the international LeLo project, coordinated by Marcelo Dascal, which have led, often with innovative results, to the reconstruction of the virtual debate between Leibniz and Locke. The project focuses on the connection between controversies and a specific idea of communication, articulated on several levels, in which the traditional mathematical theory of communication is finally surpassed. In this way, dialogue and care for the audience become the evidence of a more marked attention to the contexts in which a renewed ethics of communication is announced. It allows us to face adequately the new challenges posed by a reality so changing as to resemble a chameleon.
Controversies on hypercomplexity and on education in the hypertechnological era
Authors: Dominici Piero 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The objectives of this paper are threefold: firstly, to reconstruct the controversies and the scientific debate on the subject of complexity and on the factors determining its passage to hypercomplexity; secondly, to underline that an interdisciplinary and systemic approach which envisions objects as systems rather than considering systems as objects (as sets of divisible parts) is of the utmost urgency, calling for a radical makeover of our concepts of educative, formative and skill-related processes, overstepping the “false dichotomies” common to education and training, which reinforce the new asymmetries and inequalities emerging today; and finally, to recognize and understand the “great mistake” we are currently making in our attitude to technology in general and digital technology in particular.
Differential grammaticalization of copulas in Tsúùt’ínà and Tłı̨chǫ Yatıì
Authors: Welch Nicholas 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe languages of the Dene (aka Athapaskan) family in North America almost universally employ two copular verbs. In several languages of this family, copular forms are also employed as verbal auxiliaries: forms of one copula mark clausal focus while forms of the other mark TAM (tense/aspect/mode) categories. With reference to two Dene languages in particular, Tłı̨chǫ Yatıì and Tsúùt’ínà, I explain this difference by positing distinct grammaticalization paths and motivations for each copula: both focus and TAM markers originate in a uniclausal reanalysis of biclausal constructions, the former from constructions where the matrix clause asserts the truth of the embedded clause, and the latter from those where the matrix clause supplies extra TAM information to the embedded clause. Both grammaticalizations involve an upward reanalysis of copulas as functional heads.
Alignment change in Chukotkan
Authors: Kantarovich Jessica 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis paper examines current approaches to studying alignment change and the role of language contact in the spread of ergativity, using the Chukotkan languages as a case study. Chukotkan is exceptional in that there does not appear to be a single reanalysis pathway that can account for the development of ergative case. Rather, the system appears to be the product of several changes that operated in different domains. This paper provides an alternative to an earlier account that claims that Chukotkan ergativity developed due to Yupik substrate effects, which is not supported by the historical accounts of the contact between these groups. This explanation is consistent with a problematic tendency of treating ergativity as a special phenomenon, even though ergative alignment regularly arises via internal change. Instead, I propose that the loss of split ergative case marking occurred due to the reanalysis of a passive participle, which was motivated by the tendency to encode animacy distinctions in these languages.
Once more with feeling
Authors: Martin James R. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIf we follow one line of development in systemic functional linguistics (SFL), fromHalliday & Hasan (1976)throughMartin (1992)toMartin & White (2005), we arrive at a model of discourse semantics with six major systems:ideationandconnexion(ideational meaning),identificationandperiodicity(textual meaning) andnegotiationandappraisal(interpersonal meaning). The complementarity of the latter two systems,negotiationandappraisalis the focus on this paper. Work onnegotiationwas inspired by Berry’s (e.g.1981a,1981b) development ofSinclair & Coulthard (1975)analysis of exchange structure. Later work onappraisalwas inspired byPlum’s (1988)critique of Labov’s work on narrative (e.g.Labov & Waletzky 1967,Labov 1984). The interaction of thenegotiationandappraisalsystems is first explored in Martin (2000a) in relation to work on casual conversation byEggins & Slade (1997). This interaction is further developed here.
Reflection literacy
Authors: French Ruth 
Published: July 2019

AbstractReflection literacy (Hasan 2011 [1996]) proposes that literacy education should orient learners towards critique and the creation of new knowledge. It is a vision for literacy education which deserves deeper consideration within the SFL community and beyond. A key component of reflection literacy is argued to be metalinguistic knowledge, which facilitates conscious reflection on meaning. This paper considers one way that reflection literacy might be enacted in elementary classrooms that are ‘tilted towards reflection’, arguing that dispositions of reflection can be developed from the early school years. Evidence is drawn from a series of case studies conducted in Sydney, Australia. Consideration is also given to how Hasan’s proposal might be used to develop future studies in the field.
Multimodality and the register of disciplinary History
Authors: Ravelli Louise J. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
While many aspects of disciplinary communication have been effectively illuminated by systemic functional
linguistics, the ‘multimodal’ turn of communication requires some rethinking of old frameworks. In academic disciplines such as
History, recent epistemological changes further highlight this need. From animations used by primary school students to doctoral
theses, this paper draws on the systemic functional notion of register to explore how multimodal choices contribute to field,
tenor and mode, just as linguistic choices do. Such multimodal examples may occur in forms which can be described as implicitly
multimodal, explicitly multimodal or fully intersemiotic. All contribute to emerging forms of epistemology in the discipline and
to new textual forms, with particular implications for educational practice.
Les prépositions complexes en français
Authors: Stosic Dejan , Fagard Benjamin 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIn this paper, we develop a new method of identification of complex prepositions, in French. We include well-known semantic and morpho-syntactic tests, and introduce a few others – together, these tests make up a multi-variable grid which we believe can help identify complex prepositions. We run these tests on a list of 75 sequences, most of which are considered to be complex adpositions. We also include sequences which share the same patterns of word formation but do not have prepositional uses, in order to check the validity of our grid. Our results show that the semantic and morpho-syntactic clues used to identify complex adpositions, combined with corpus data exploration, are on the whole quite effective, but to varying degrees depending on the pattern of formation.
Les prépositions complexes en occitan languedocien
Authors: Sibille Jean 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
After listing, in the first part of this study, all complex prepositions instantiated in the Lengadocian subcorpus
of the textbase BaTelÒc, we focus on structures of the type [Prep + Det + Noun + Prep] and apply a range of tests to these, in
order to assess the degree to which they are fossilised. We further investigate cases in which word strings with the same base
form differ in structure, and cases in which synonymous or near-synonymous word strings have different base forms. We conclude
that the categorisation of prepositional expressions is only problematic for structures whose form is compositional but whose
meaning can be either compositional or non-compositional.
Les prépositions complexes du roumain – approche sur corpus
Authors: Fagard Benjamin , Mardale Alexandru 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
In this paper, we investigate complex adpositions in Romanian, on the basis of a corpus study. Our goal is to provide an extensive list of complex adpositions and analyze the productivity of various patterns. In order to do so, we selected a number of candidate sequences, applied semantic and morpho-syntactic tests, and evaluated their frequency. Our results confirm the importance of two patterns: [Preposition + Noun + Determiner] followed by a genitive, and [Preposition + Noun + Preposition]. Though there are a few other patterns (such as [(Preposition +) Adverb (+ Preposition)]), these two are the most productive, making up a core of relatively frequent sequences with low variability, which pattern with simple prepositions.
Fecal metabolite of a gnotobiotic mouse transplanted with gut microbiota from a patient with Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Fujii Yusuke , Nguyen Thuy Tien Thi , Fujimura Yuta , Kameya Naotaka , Nakamura Shoji , Arakawa Kensuke , Morita Hidetoshi 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
Studies of Alzheimer’s disease are based on model mice that have been altered by transgenesis and other techniques to elicit pathogenesis. However, changes in the gut microbiota were recently suggested to diminish cognitive function in patients, as well as in model mice. Accordingly, we have created model mice of the human gut microbiota by transplanting germ-free C57BL/6N mice with fecal samples from a healthy volunteer and from an affected patient. These humanized mice were stably colonized and reproduced the bacterial diversity in donors. Remarkably, performance on Object Location Test and Object Recognition Test was significantly reduced in the latter than in the former at 55 weeks of age, suggesting that gut microbiota transplanted from an affected patient affects mouse behavior. In addition, metabolites related to the nervous system, including γ-aminobutyrate, taurine, and valine, were significantly less abundant in the feces of mice transplanted with microbiota from the affected patient.
Increased phenolic content and antioxidant capacity of the heated leaves of yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius)
Authors: Ueda Yuto , Matsuda Yasushi , Murata Tatsuro , Hoshi Yoshikazu , Kabata Kiyotaka , Ono Masateru , Kinoshita Hideki , Igoshi Keiji , Yasuda Shin 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTWe investigated the content of phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity of two batches of non-heated and heated leaves of the yacon cultivar “Andes no yuki”, grown in Japan. Lyophilized yacon leaves heated at 160°C for 20 min and 100°C for 60 min had a 1.96 to 9.69-times higher total phenolic content than that of the non-heated leaves. Heated leaves exhibited a 1.98 to 4.07-times higher antioxidant capacity than that of the non-heated leaves in three different free radical scavenging assays. Heated leaves were more efficient at attenuating the superoxide anion radical production in human granulocytic cells than the non-heated leaves. High-performance liquid chromatography analysis revealed that, in the heated leaves, the caffeic acid content was 2.13 to 3.64-times higher and the chlorogenic acid content was slightly lower than those in the non-heated leaves. Hence, heat processing may affect the active constituent contents in yacon leaves, potentiating its antioxidant capacity.Abbreviations: ABTS+: 2,2′-azinobis(2-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) cation; DPPH: 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, HPLC: high-performance liquid chromatography; NBT: nitroblue tetrazolium; O2−: superoxide anion; PMA: phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate; PMS: phenazine methosulfate; TEAC: Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity
The puzzle of Japans welfare capitalism: a review of the welfare regimes approach
Authors: Powell Martin , Kim Ki-tae , Kim Sung-won 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTThere has been little consensus on Japans welfare regime since Esping-Andersens [1990. The Three Worlds of Welfare Capitalism. Cambridge: Polity Press] unclear categorisation of Japan as his only non-Western welfare state. This article is the first attempt to analyse academic research published in both English and Japanese. It presents a review of 40 collected studies (including 15 Western, 6 Asian and 19 Japanese articles), reached a wide variety of conclusions, defining Japan as eight different types: We point out that while the majority of Western studies tend to run statistical models including Japan among otherwise Western welfare states with little theoretical justification, Japanese scholars tend to focus on Japan as a single case. The two very different approaches may have something to learn from each other, as in thesis antithesis synthesis. Now that we are aware of very different approaches to and conclusions about Japans welfare regime, the topic appears ripe for greater co-operation between scholars.
Robust Lidar Data Processing and Quality Control Methods Developed for the SWiFT Wake Steering Experiment
Authors: Herges T G , Keyantuo P 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Sandia National Laboratories and the National Renewable Energy Laboratory conducted a wake-steering field experiment at the Scaled Wind Farm Technology facility. The campaign included the use of two highly instrumented V27 wind turbines, an upstream meteorological tower, and high-resolution wake measurements of the upstream wind turbine using a customized scanning SpinnerLidar from the Technical University of Denmark. The present work details how the SpinnerLidar data uploaded to the Department of Energy Atmosphere to Electrons Data Archive and Portal was processed, quality controlled and assured to guarantee high data availability with the removal of invalid measurements. A multidimensional approach to processing the SpinnerLidar Doppler spectra was developed based on matching erroneous measurements within the two-dimensional lidar scan with patterns inside the multidimensional lidar Doppler spectra. This method allows image processing techniques to be used to remove regions of the Doppler spectra that are contaminated by hard targets and isolate the velocity field of interest, allowing more accurate line-of-sight velocity measurements and enabling the estimation of the turbulence of the line-of-sight velocities within the probe volume.