bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Knowledge, Attitude, and Behavior about Sexual and Reproductive Health among Adolescents Students in Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia
Authors: Pradnyani Putu Erma , Putra I Gusti Ngurah Edi , Astiti Ni Luh Eka Purni 
Published: August 2019

Background: Adolescent sexual and reproductive health (SRH) problems remain an important public health issue in many developing countries, such as Indonesia. Therefore, assessing SRH knowledge, attitude, and behavior among adolescents are worth considering for public health intervention purpose in order to reduce their vulnerability to SRH problems. Aims: This study aimed to assess SRH knowledge, attitude, and behavior among adolescent students in Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia.Methods: This was a cross-sectional school-based study conducted in Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia from July to September 2016. This study applied multi-stage random sampling to recruit 1,200 students out of 24 junior, senior, and vocational high schools. Variables in this study consisted of socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge, attitude, and behavior related to SRH. Data were analyzed using descriptive analysis and cross-tabulation to identify proportion differences.Results: Regarding knowledge on SRH, students had less knowledge on a reproductive process (10.1%) and reproductive risk (11.4%), but half of them knew about the sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and HIV&AIDS (55.6%) and almost all had sufficient knowledge on puberty (90.7%). Meanwhile, few students argued that several sexual behaviors can be performed before getting married, such as kissing and hugging (48.9%), petting and oral sex (18.7%) and sexual intercourse (vaginal sex) (13.8%). Out of 1,200 adolescent students, 880 (73.3%) reported for have ever been in dating with someone. Among adolescent dating, few students reported for an experience of petting (14.3%), oral sex (9.8%), vaginal sex (6.5%), and anal sex (2.6%).Conclusion: Adolescent students in Denpasar, Bali, had a low level of sufficient knowledge in some SRH aspects, a few students reported for permissive attitude and performed premarital sexual behaviors. Therefore, providing comprehensive sexuality education (CSE) is worth considering to improve knowledge and appropriate skills in order to prevent risky sexual behavior among adolescents. Keywords: Sexual and reproductive health, adolescents, students, knowledge, attitude, sexual behavior.
Determinants of Condom Use Status among Men Who Have Sex with Men (MSM) Group in 5 Indonesian Cities in 2015
Authors: Parwangsa Ni Wayan Putri Larassita , Bantas Krisnawati 
Published: August 2019

Backgorund : Significant increase in HIV cases among men who have sex with men (hereafter MSM) group during the 2015-2016 period confirmed that sexual behavior is a major risk factor in exposure to HIV&AIDS with unprotected sexual intercourse as the dominant risk factor. Aims : This study aims to identify the determinants of condom use status among MSM group in 5 cities in Indonesia. Method : This study used a cross sectional design, carried out in 5 cities in Indonesia: Jakarta, Bandung, Semarang, Surabaya, and Denpasar using secondary data from the Integrated Biological and Behavioural Survey (IBBS) in 2015. Results : Variables that are significantly related to the condom use status were marital status, exposure to information on HIV&AIDS, and knowledge about condoms. The marital status variable has a POR value of 1.351 (95% CI OR 0.709 – 2.576), whilst exposure to HIV&AIDS information has 1.668 (95% CI OR 1.148 – 2.422) POR value, and knowledge about condoms has POR value as much as 1.925 (95% CI OR 1.274 – 2.907). Conclusion : The number of respondents who used condoms consistently for the past one month were 76.1% and those who did not were 23.9%. Variables that are significantly related to the behaviour of not using condoms are marital status, exposure to HIV&AIDS information, and knowledge of condoms.Keywords:Determinants, Behavior, Condom, MSM, HIV&AIDS
تنمية مهارة الكلام في تعليم اللغة العربية بالمعهد العالي للأسعدية سنكامغ
Authors: Ramli Kaharuddin 
Published: August 2019

تجريد البحث:
قام بعض الدعاىد التًبوية الإسلامية )الباسنتًينات( بالتجديد فى فى تعليم
اللغة العربية لدواكبة متطليات العصر. فهذه الدعاىد تزيد ىدف تعليم اللغة العربية, ليس
لدهارة قراءة الكتب فحسب, بل لدهارة لغوية أخرى أيضا. وإستخدمت الطريقة الدباشرة
فى تعليمها بجانب طريقة القواعد والتًجمة. ويجرى ىذا تعليم اللغة العربية على إستعمال
طريقة القواعد والتًجمة, ا ولطريقة الدباشرة.
والدعهد العاليى –من الدؤسسات التًبوىة في معهدالأسعدية- من الدعاىد
الذى يو لّف تلك الطرق فى تعليم اللغة العربية. يتعلم الطلبة فيو العلوم الشريعة ويحاول
أن يجعلهم متعمقين فيها كي يستطيعوا أن يتفقهوا فى الدين. وطبّق الطريقة القديدة
التى تهدف إلى قدرة قراءة الكتب الصف راء وطبّق الطريقة الحديثة أيضا التى تهدف إلى
قدرة مهارة الكلام ويحاول عدة لزاولات فى تنمية مهارى الكلام.
Building Up Solar-wind-like 3D Uniform-intensity Magnetic Fields
Authors: Valentini Francesco , Malara Francesco , Sorriso-Valvo Luca , Bruno Roberto , Primavera Leonardo 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
A numerical model representing a 3D turbulent constant-magnitude magnetic field
B
is described. Assuming a form for two components of the vector potential, the third component is calculated such as to obtain a uniform intensity for
B
. Singular surfaces are always present in the solution, in the form of rotational discontinuities. Using a spectrum for derivatives of the given vector potential components that satisfies the critical-balance condition, an anisotropic spectrum for
B
is obtained, with a prevalence of perpendicular wavevectors k
⊥ and a Kolmogorov power-law range with respect to k
⊥. These features make the model suitable to represent magnetic turbulence in solar wind fast-speed streams.
Most Black Holes Are Born Very Slowly Rotating
Authors: Fuller Jim , Ma Linhao 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The age of gravitational-wave astronomy has begun, and black hole (BH) mergers detected by the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) are providing novel constraints on massive star evolution. A major uncertainty in stellar theory is the angular momentum (AM) transport within the star that determines its core rotation rate and the resulting BH’s spin. Internal rotation rates of low-mass stars measured from asteroseismology prove that AM transport is efficient, suggesting that massive stellar cores may rotate slower than prior expectations. We investigate AM transport via the magnetic Tayler instability, which can largely explain the rotation rates of low-mass stars and white dwarfs. Implementing an updated AM transport prescription into models of high-mass stars, we compute the spins of their BH remnants. We predict that BHs born from single stars rotate very slowly, with a ∼ 10−2, regardless of initial rotation rate, possibly explaining the low χ
eff of most BH binaries detected by LIGO thus far. A limited set of binary models suggests slow rotation for many binary scenarios as well, although homogeneous evolution and tidal spin-up of post-common-envelope helium stars can create moderate or high BH spins. We make predictions for the values of χ
eff in future LIGO events, and we discuss implications for engine-powered transients.
Food quality influences density-dependent fitness, but not always density-dependent habitat selection, in red flour beetles (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)
Authors: Halliday William D. , Bourque Caroline , Blouin-Demers Gabriel 
Published: August 2019

AbstractDensity-dependent habitat selection models inherently rely on the negative relationship between population density and mean fitness in different habitats. Habitats differing in quality, such as different food sources or habitat structure, can have different strengths of density-dependent relationships, which can then affect patterns of density dependence in habitat selection. We tested the hypothesis that density dependence in fitness dictates the patterns in density-dependent habitat selection: individuals should prefer higher-quality habitat over lower-quality habitat. We used controlled experiments with red flour beetles (Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)) to measure density dependence of fitness and to examine density-dependent habitat selection by beetles in wheat (Triticum Linnaeus (Poaceae)), corn (Zea mays Linnaeus (Poaceae)), and soy (Glycine max (Linnaeus) Merrill (Fabaceae)) flour habitats. Despite large differences in fitness between habitats (fitness was the highest in wheat flour, lower in corn flour, and zero in soy flour), beetles showed only weak preference for wheat over corn flour and for corn over soy flour, but showed strong preference for wheat over soy flour. These preferences were the strongest at low density. This study gives insight into the relationship between habitat quality and density-dependent habitat selection in flour beetles.
Experiments on the elasticity of the vocal cords
Authors: Damsté P. H. , Wieneke G. H. 
Published: August 2019

Regulation of vocal pitch occurs by changes in the length and tension of the vocal folds. Because the Young's modulus of the vocal cord ligament could be a factor which determines the difference between male and female voices, this was made an object of research. No differences could be shown. Some of the problems and the limited accuracy of these experiments are reviewed.
Functional dysacusis: The utilization of EEG activity in the determination of hearing threshold level, a case report
Authors: Hay I. 
Published: August 2019

A case of functional dysacusis was subjected to routine as well as electric response testing. Test results were unreliable and electrical cortical responses to stimuli delivered to the right ear were so poor that the results could not be utilized. A marked difference between the raw EEG tracings was observed when stimuli were switched between left to right ears. This fact was eventually used to determine the hearing threshold level of the right ear.
Pitch in esophageal speech
Authors: Lanham L. W. , Kerr W. A. 
Published: August 2019

Most reports on pitch in esophageal speech emphasize that it is low-pitched with a measured fundamental frequency rarely higher than 100 cps. Our investigations show, however, that much esophageal 'phonation' lacks periodicity and, therefore, a fundamental frequency (i.e. pitch in the accepted sense). An auditory impression of pitch modulation can, nevertheless, be created by physical properties other than a varying harmonic structure. Our sample includes a rare case of truly high-pitched esophageal phonation with a fundamental frequency in the upper limit of the voice an octave higher than the highest reported in the literature. High-pitched phonation apparently requires a vibratory source in a 'mode' different from that of low-pitched phonation and should therefore be distinguished from it in discussing pitch in esophageal voice.
Die keuring van eerstejaarstudente in die Department Spraakheelkunde en Oudiologie (Universiteit van Pretoria)
Authors: Uys Isabel C. , Alant Erna 
Published: August 2019

Die artikel handel oor die keuring van logopedika-studente aan die Universiteit van Pretoria en beskryf die kompleksiteit van hierdie prosedure. Die huidige benadering poog om studente te selekteer wat die kursus suksesvol kan voltooi, met die aanname dat 'n toegewyde student wel deur die regte supervisie gelei kan word tot 'n volwaardige terapeut. Gerekenariseerde data illustreer sekere verbande tussen studenteprestasies in die finale jaar en inisiële keuringtellings. Hierdie inligting word geïnterpreteer in terme van die tekortkominge sowel as sterk punte van so 'n benadering.
Geskrewe en gesproke Afrikaanse sintaktiese vermoëns van hardhorende kinders
Authors: Slabber Enid , Hugo René , Louw Brenda 
Published: August 2019

Die doel van hierdie ondersoek is om 'n moontlike verband tussen ekspressiewe geskrewe en gesproke sintaktiese vermoëns van gehoorgestremdes te ondersoek. Vyf Afrikaanssprekende gehoorgestremde proefpersone is gebruik. In die evaluering van sintaktiese vermoens is daar gekyk na die gebruik van 7 sinstrukture asook na woordvolgorde. Uit die resultate blyk dit dat meer komplekse sinstrukture tydens die proefpersone se gesproke as geskrewe taal voorgekom het. Die persentasie korrekte sinstrukture wat gebruik is, is egter groter in geskrewe as in gesproke taal, alhoewel die persentasie nogtans betreklik laag is. Meer woordvolgordefoute is tydens geskrewe as gesproke taal gemaak. In die gebruik van die geëvalueerde sinstrukture het daar egter meer woordvolgordefoute in gesproke as geskrewe taal voorgekom. Die gevolgtrekking is bereik dat daar wel 'n verband tussen die gehoorgestremde proefpersone se geskrewe en gesproke sintaktiese taalvermoëns is, maar heelwat verskille het ook voorgekom. Navorsing op hierdie gebied lê egter nog braak, en die huidige studie kan as vertrekpunt dien vir verdere navorsing.
Ouerleiding by ouers van swarts babas met 'n gesplete lip en verhemelte
Authors: Campbell Corrieta , Louw Brenda 
Published: August 2019

Daar is aanduidings dat die ouers van gesplete-lip-en-verhemeltebabas dikwels behoeftes toon aan meer inligting omtrent hul baba geboortedefek as wat aan hulle verskaf word. In Suid-Afrika bestaan daar egter nog 'n leemte in die literatuur omtrent die ouers van 'n swart baba met 'n gesplete lip en verhemelte. In hierdie studie is daar eerstens 'n bepaling gedoen van die ouers van swart gesplete-lip-en-verhemeltebabas se unieke behoeftes en tweedens is daar, op grond van die verkreë resultate, 'n inligtingstuk vir hierdie teikengroep saamgestel. Op grond van die resultate verkry met behulp van die vyftien proefpersone wat aan hierdie studie deelgeneem het, is daar eerstens bevind dat die ouers van swart gesplete-lip-en-verhemeltebabas in Suid-Afrika eenderssoortige behoeftes as ouers van babas met dieselfde aangebore gebrek wêreldwyd vertoon. Tweedens is daar bevind dat die inligtingstuk wat as deel vat as deel van die studie saam gestel is, 'n positiewe bydrae gelewer het tot die ouerleiding wat met die proefpersone in die studie uitgevoer is. Die resultate hou dus ook belangrike terapeutiese implikasies in.
Assessing Knowledge and Compliance of Patient Identification Methods in a Specialized Hospital in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Abu Mostafa Fadwa , Saadallah Amal , El Barazi Hadi , Alghammas Hanan 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background: Patient misidentification prevails in daily practice and remains a critical issue in health care. Being knowledgeable about how to accurately identify patients and comply with identification processes is critical, particularly in countries where patients have similar names. A study was undertaken to examine the knowledge levels of and compliance with the patient safety goals and policies and procedures of the clinical and nonclinical staff. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional survey and an observational audit design were used at a specialist and research hospital in the Saudi Arabia to assess knowledge levels and compliance rates of appropriate patient identification methods. Results: The majority of healthcare providers (n = 350, 87.1%) and almost half of non-healthcare providers (n = 186, 47.8%) reported high levels of knowledge of patient identification standards, including the need to use two patient identifiers. However, audit results revealed that health-care providers used two identifiers in only 33 observations (18%), with the majority (147 observations, 82%) of health-care providers checking the patient's name only and not his/her medical record number. Conclusion: The results highlight the need for further attention to improper identification of patients, including understanding the causes and ways to enhance the translation of patient identification standard into practice.
New set of microsatellite markers for the walnut hybrid progeny Mj209xRa and assessment of its transferability into Juglans genus
Authors: Contreras Angela , Licea-Moreno Ricardo Julian , Campos Victor , Quintana Julia , Merino Irene , Gomez Luis 
Published: August 2019

Aim of the study: The research was aimed to design microsatellite markers for genotyping and differentiation of trees from the walnut hybrid progeny Mj209×Ra. As a secondary objective, the transferability and classificatory capacity of some of these loci were assessed for Juglans genus.Area of study: The most widely spread walnut hybrid progeny used in Europe for wood production was used. Pure species from Juglans genus as Arizona black walnut (J. major (Torrey) Heller) and European or common walnut (J. regia L.), as well as a different hybrid Mj209xRa lots, were also included.Materials and methods: Genomic DNA from a hybrid tree was used for the construction of libraries enriched with dinucleotides repeats (CA/GA). From approximately 700 fragments containing SSR regions, 18 loci were finally selected for the genetic characterization. Eight of these genomic microsatellite markers were used to assess their transferability into Juglans genus. Main results: Despite the high degree of kinship of the hybrid progeny, it was possible to differentiate random trees with a low probability of error. Markers also allowed to differentiate unambiguously between Arizona black walnut and European walnut. They were even able to discriminate two hybrid Mj209×Ra lots with a high degree of certainty.Research highlights: This new set of microsatellites might be considered a complement for the markers published up to date to perform studies into Juglandaceae family.Keywords: Juglandaceae; wood production; genotyping; genotype identification; simple sequence repeats; SSR.
Sex differences in the response to angiotensin II receptor blockade in a rat model of eccentric cardiac hypertrophy
Authors: Walsh-Wilkinson Élisabeth , Drolet Marie-Claude , Le Houillier Charlie , Roy Ève-Marie , Arsenault Marie , Couet Jacques 
Published: August 2019

Background. Men and women differ in their susceptibility to cardiovascular disease, though the underlying mechanism has remained elusive. Heart disease symptoms, evolution and response to treatment are often sex-specific. This has been studied in animal models of hypertension or myocardial infarction in the past but has received less attention in the context of heart valve regurgitation. The aim of the study was to evaluate the development of cardiac hypertrophy (CH) in response to left ventricle (LV) volume overload (VO) caused by chronic aortic valve regurgitation (AR) in male and female rats treated or not with angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB), valsartan. We studied eight groups of Wistar rats: male or female, AR or sham-operated (sham) and treated or not with valsartan (30 mg/kg/day) for 9 weeks starting one week before AR surgical induction.
Results. As expected, VO from AR resulted for both male and female rats in significant LV dilation (39% vs. 40% end-diastolic LV diameter increase, respectively; p < 0.0001) and CH (53% vs. 64% heart weight increase, respectively; p < 0.0001) compared to sham. Sex differences were observed in LV wall thickening in response to VO. In untreated AR males, relative LV wall thickness (a ratio of wall thickness to end-diastolic diameter) was reduced compared to sham, whereas this ratio in females remained unchanged. ARB treatment did not prevent LV dilation in both male and female animals but reversed LV wall thickening in females. Systolic and diastolic functions in AR animals were altered similarly for both sexes. ARB treatment did not improve systolic function but helped normalizing diastolic parameters such as left atrial mass and E wave slope in female AR rats. Increased LV gene expression of Anp and Bnp was normalized by ARB treatment in AR females but not in males. Other hypertrophy gene markers (Fos, Trpc6, Klf15, Myh6 and Myh7) were not modulated by ARB treatment. The same was true for genes related to LV extracellular matrix remodeling (Col1a1, Col3a1, Fn1, Mmp2, Timp1 and Lox). In summary, ARB treatment of rats with severe AR blocked the female-specific hypertrophic response characterized by LV chamber wall thickening. LV dilation, on the other hand, was not significantly decreased by ARB treatment. This also indicates that activation of the angiotensin II receptor is probably more involved in the early steps of LV remodeling caused by AR in females than in males.
Optimization for Oxalic Acid Production by Aspergillus niger Using Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Chioma D. M. , Agwa O. K. 
Published: August 2019

Aims: To optimize selected process variables for oxalic acid production by Aspergillus niger using Response surface methodology.
Study Design: Central composite design.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Microbiology, University of Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria.
Methodology: Three media for the study was set up- algal biomass medium, sucrose medium and mixture of both algal biomass and sucrose medium. Inoculum of Aspergillus niger was prepared and subsequently inoculated into media for oxalate production by submerged fermentation. The oxalate produced after 14 days was determined by the catalytic effect of oxalic acid on the redox reaction between rhodamine B and dichromate.
Results: The predicted conditions of pH 6.838, temperature 35ºC and substrate algal biomass and sucrose with oxalic acid production of 8.618 g/L were reported in the study. This slightly varies with the experimental conditions of pH 6, temperature 35ºC, algal biomass and sucrose mixture and oxalic yield of 12.12 g/L. The R2 value of 0.968 validates the model and adjusted R2 of 0.9449 shows that the model is significant.
Conclusion: The study shows the feasibility of using the response surface methodology (RSM) in optimizing pH, temperature and substrate for the production of oxalic acid (g/l). It further shows the increased possibility of algal biomass as alternative feedstock for production of organics.
An Epidemic Model of Malware Virus with Quarantine
Authors: Lanz Aprillya , Rogers Daija , Alford T. L. 
Published: August 2019

In March of 2018, about 500,000 desktop computers were infected with cryptocurrency mining malware in less than 24 hours. In addition to attacking desktop computers, malware also attacks laptops, tablets, mobile phones. That is, any device connected via the Internet, or a network is at risk of being attacked. In recent years, mobile phones have become extremely popular that places them as a big target of malware infections. In this study, the effectiveness of treatment for infected mobile devices is examined using compartmental modeling. Many studies have considered malware infections which also include treatment effectiveness. However, in this study we examine the treatment effectiveness of mobile devices based on the type of malware infections accrued (hostile or malicious malware). This model considers six classes of mobile devices based on their epidemiological status: susceptible, exposed, infected by hostile malware, infected by malicious malware, quarantined, and recovered. The malware reproduction number, RM, was identied to discover the threshold values for the dynamics of malware infections to become both prevalent or absent among mobile devices. Numerical simulations of the model give insights of various strategies that can be implemented to control malware epidemic in a mobile network.