bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vol-PACT: A Foundation for the NIH Public-Private Partnership That Supports Sharing of Clinical Trial Data for the Development of Improved Imaging Biomarkers in Oncology
Authors: Dercle Laurent , Connors Dana E. , Tang Ying , Adam Stacey J. , Gönen Mithat , Hilden Patrick , Karovic Sanja , Maitland Michael , Moskowitz Chaya S. , Kelloff Gary , Zhao Binsheng , Oxnard Geoffrey R. , Schwartz Lawrence H. 
Published: March 2018

Purpose To develop a public-private partnership to study the feasibility of a new approach in collecting and analyzing clinically annotated imaging data from landmark phase III trials in advanced solid tumors. Patients and Methods The collection of clinical trials fulfilled the following inclusion criteria: completed randomized trials of > 300 patients, highly measurable solid tumors (non–small-cell lung cancer, colorectal cancer, renal cell cancer, and melanoma), and required sponsor and institutional review board sign-offs. The new approach in analyzing computed tomography scans was to transfer to an academic image analysis laboratory, draw contours semi-automatically by using in-house–developed algorithms integrated into the open source imaging platform Weasis, and perform serial volumetric measurement. Results The median duration of contracting with five sponsors was 12 months. Ten trials in 7,085 patients that covered 12 treatment regimens across 20 trial arms were collected. To date, four trials in 3,954 patients were analyzed. Source imaging data were transferred to the academic core from 97% of trial patients (n = 3,837). Tumor imaging measurements were extracted from 82% of transferred computed tomography scans (n = 3,162). Causes of extraction failure were nonmeasurable disease (n = 392), single imaging time point (n = 224), and secondary captured images (n = 59). Overall, clinically annotated imaging data were extracted in 79% of patients (n = 3,055), and the primary trial end point analysis in each trial remained representative of each original trial end point. Conclusion The sharing and analysis of source imaging data from large randomized trials is feasible and offer a rich and reusable, but largely untapped, resource for future research on novel trial-level response and progression imaging metrics.
Acetylcholine Modulates the Hormones of the Growth Hormone/Insulinlike Growth Factor-1 Axis During Development in Mice
Authors: Lecomte Marie-José , Bertolus Chloé , Ramanantsoa Nélina , Saurini Françoise , Callebert Jacques , Sénamaud-Beaufort Catherine , Ringot Maud , Bourgeois Thomas , Matrot Boris , Collet Corinne , Nardelli Jeannette , Mallet Jacques , Vodjdani Guilan , Gallego Jorge , Launay Jean-Marie , Berrard Sylvie 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Pituitary growth hormone (GH) and insulinlike growth factor (IGF)-1 are anabolic hormones whose physiological roles are particularly important during development. The activity of the GH/IGF-1 axis is controlled by complex neuroendocrine systems including two hypothalamic neuropeptides, GH-releasing hormone (GHRH) and somatostatin (SRIF), and a gastrointestinal hormone, ghrelin. The neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh) is involved in tuning GH secretion, and its GH-stimulatory action has mainly been shown in adults but is not clearly documented during development. ACh, together with these hormones and their receptors, is expressed before birth, and somatotroph cells are already responsive to GHRH, SRIF, and ghrelin. We thus hypothesized that ACh could contribute to the modulation of the main components of the somatotropic axis during development. In this study, we generated a choline acetyltransferase knockout mouse line and showed that heterozygous mice display a transient deficit in ACh from embryonic day 18.5 to postnatal day 10, and they recover normal ACh levels from the second postnatal week. This developmental ACh deficiency had no major impact on weight gain and cardiorespiratory status of newborn mice. Using this mouse model, we found that endogenous ACh levels determined the concentrations of circulating GH and IGF-1 at embryonic and postnatal stages. In particular, serum GH level was correlated with brain ACh content. ACh also modulated the levels of GHRH and SRIF in the hypothalamus and ghrelin in the stomach, and it affected the levels of these hormones in the circulation. This study identifies ACh as a potential regulator of the somatotropic axis during the developmental period.
Meeting Report – proteostasis in Ericeira
Authors: Adrain Colin , Henis-Korenblit Sivan , Domingos Pedro M. 
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACT
It was a sunny Ericeira, in Portugal, that received the participants of the EMBO Workshop on Proteostasis, from 17 to 21 November 2017. Most participants gave talks or presented posters concerning their most recent research results, and lively scientific discussions occurred against the backdrop of the beautiful Atlantic Ocean.
Proteostasis is the portmanteau of the words protein and homeostasis, and it refers to the biological mechanisms controlling the biogenesis, folding, trafficking and degradation of proteins in cells. An imbalance in proteostasis can lead to the accumulation of misfolded proteins or excessive protein degradation, and is associated with many human diseases. A wide variety of research approaches are used to identify the mechanisms that regulate proteostasis, typically involving different model organisms (yeast, invertebrates or mammalian systems) and different methodologies (genetics, biochemistry, biophysics, structural biology, cell biology and organismal biology). Around 140 researchers in the proteostasis field met in the Hotel Vila Galé, Ericeira, Portugal for the EMBO Workshop in Proteostasis, organized by Pedro Domingos (ITQB-NOVA, Oeiras, Portugal) and Colin Adrain (IGC, Oeiras, Portugal). In this report, we attempt to review and integrate the ideas that emerged at the workshop. Owing to space restrictions, we could not cover all talks or posters and we apologize to the colleagues whose presentations could not be discussed.
Emergent Leadership Structures in Informal Groups: A Dynamic, Cognitively Informed Network Model
Authors: Carnabuci Gianluca , Emery Cécile , Brinberg David 
Published: March 2018

This paper advances novel theory and evidence on the emergence of informal leadership networks in groups that feature no formally designated leaders or authority hierarchies. We integrate insights from relational schema and network theory to develop and empirically test a three-step process model. The model’s first hypothesis is that people use a “linear ordering schema” to process information about leadership relations. The second hypothesis argues that when an individual experiences a particular leadership attribution to be inconsistent with the linear ordering schema, that individual will tend to reduce the ensuing cognitive inconsistency by modifying that leadership attribution. Finally, the third hypothesis builds on this inconsistency-reduction mechanism to derive implications about a set of network structural features (asymmetry, acyclicity, transitivity, popularity, and inverse popularity) that are predicted to emerge endogenously as a group’s informal leadership network evolves. We find broad support for our proposed theoretical model using a multi-method, multi-study approach combining experimental and observational data. Our study contributes to the organizational literature by illuminating a socio-cognitive dynamics underpinning the evolution of informal leadership structures in groups where formal authority plays a limited role. The e-companion is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2017.1171 .
Gender Bias, Social Impact Framing, and Evaluation of Entrepreneurial Ventures
Authors: Lee Matthew , Huang Laura 
Published: March 2018

Recent studies find that female-led ventures are penalized relative to male-led ventures as a result of role incongruity or a perceived “lack of fit” between female stereotypes and expected personal qualities of business entrepreneurs. We examine whether social impact framing that emphasizes a venture’s social–environmental welfare benefits, which research has shown to elicit stereotypically feminine attributions of warmth, diminishes these penalties. We initially investigate this proposition in a field study of evaluations of early-stage ventures and find evidence of lessened gender penalties for female-led ventures that are presented using a social impact frame. In a second study, we experimentally validate this effect and show that it is mediated by the effect of social impact framing on perceptions of the entrepreneur’s warmth. The effect of social impact frames on venture evaluations did not apply to men, was not a result of perceptions of increased competence, and was not conditional on the gender of evaluators. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that social impact framing increases attributions of warmth for all entrepreneurs but with positive consequences on business evaluation only for female-led ventures, for which increased perceptions of warmth attenuate female entrepreneurs’ gender role incongruity. The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2017.1172 .
Credit Risk Management and Financial Performance of Microfinance Institutions in Kampala, Uganda
Authors: Kalu Emenike O. , Shieler Bashabe , Amu Christian U. 
Published: March 2018

The objective of this study was to evaluate whether relationship exist between credit risk management techniques and financial performance of microfinance institutions in Kampala, Uganda. Specifically, the study examined whether there is a relationship between credit risk identification, credit risk appraisal, credit risk monitoring, credit risk mitigation and financial performance of microfinance institutions in Kampala using sample of 60 members of staff in finance and credit departments of three licensed microfinance institutions in Kampala, Uganda namely Finca Uganda Ltd, Pride Microfinance Ltd, UGAFODE Microfinance Ltd. Primary data was collected using questionnaires and it comprised of closed ended questions. Secondary data was collected from the microfinance institutions (MDI’s) annual reports (2011 - 2015). Frequencies and descriptive statistics were used to analyse the population. Pearson linear correlation coefficient was adopted to examine relationship between credit risk management techniques and financial performance. The findings indicate that credit risk identification and credit risk appraisal has a strong positive relationship on financial performance of MDIs, while credit risk monitoring and credit risk mitigation have moderate significant positive relationship on financial performance of MDIs. The study recommends, among others, that the credit risk appraisal process should identify and analyse all loss exposures, and measure such loss exposures. This should guide in selection of technique or combination of techniques to handle each exposure. The study concludes that MDIs should continually emphasise effective credit risk identification, credit risk appraisal, credit risk monitoring, and credit risk mitigation techniques to enhance maximum financial performance.
“Svesti la giubba,” or, Uncloaking the Genesis of Pagliacci
Authors: Giger Andreas 
Published: March 2018

In 1943 Allied bombs destroyed the archives of Leoncavallo's publisher, Sonzogno, and of the Teatro Dal Verme, where Pagliacci was first performed. As a result, many sources pertaining to the opera's compositional history were lost, and scholarship has relied almost exclusively on Leoncavallo's unpublished autobiographical manuscript, “Appunti.” Contextual sources such as notifications in the press, eyewitness accounts, and a large body of mostly unpublished correspondence now suggest that Leoncavallo cloaked the opera's genesis to protect its legacy.
Leoncavallo was twice charged with having imitated an existing play. In his protracted defense, he took every opportunity to distinguish his libretto from the literary tradition to which it belongs and tie it instead to the verismo movement (with which critics had associated it since the premiere). He began to claim, for instance, that the libretto was based on a crime of passion he had witnessed in Montalto and invented a version of that crime that matched the libretto. Furthermore, in preparation of the first performance in Paris, he actively contributed to a staging faithfully depicting Montalto in an attempt to highlight the originality of the story. And as he was tightening the opera's connection to verismo, he was concealing aspects that would have reflected poorly on the opera's reception, including Sonzogno's initial concerns regarding the music and the presence of substantial musical self-borrowings.
Total laparoscopic hysterectomy experience within time period
Authors: ŞENTÜRK Metin , ÖGE Tufan 
Published: March 2018

Objective: To evaluate single surgerion experience of total
laparscopic hyserectomy within a time period. Materials and methods: This retrospective type study included
81 cases of total laparoscopic hysterectomy performed during January and
December 2016 due to benign. The first 6 months and the last month were
examined in 2 groups. Analysis of the data was done using t test. Results: The highest hysterectomy indications of 81 patients
included in the study were endometrial hyperplasia. There were no significant
differences in age, parity, BMI, duration of hospital stay, and blood loss
between the first 6 months and the last month. When the operation periods of total
laparoscopic hysterectomies were compared between the first 6 months and the
last 6 months by a single surgeon, it was observed that the operations
performed in the last 6 months decreased significantly in duration(p&lt;0,05).

Conclusion: The operation time significant decrease after a
certain learning curve
PHOTODYNAMIC THERAPY BASED COMBINATION THERAPY APPLICATION FOR OVARIAN CANCER
Authors: ERDEM S. Sibel , AKGUL OBEIDIN Vildan , PARLAR Rabia Edibe , SAHİN Ubeydullah 
Published: March 2018

Cancer is one of the most
leading causes of death in Turkey as well as in the world. It is very critical
to cure the cancer via targeted therapy that is locally applied and shows minimum
side effects for patient’s life quality.
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a local, photochemistry based treatment,
which has minimum side effects. In
brief, PDT is a result of a combination of photosensitizer, a drug that is
activated by light, light and oxygen that generates free radicals and/or
singlet oxygen and starts series of reactions in cell and eventually cause cell
death. While light, oxygen and photosensitizer has no cytotoxic effect alone,
combination of three starts all photochemical reactions and as a result
cytotoxicity is generated in the tissue. Photosensitizer, converting light
energy to the chemical energy in the cell, is the most critical component of
PDT. One way to improve effectiveness of PDT is to combine it with different
treatment modalities. Cancer and other degenerative diseases involve several pathological
mechanisms and require multiple treatment methods such as combination
therapies. A combination therapy targets to bring together current therapies
and/or drugs to act upon different cellular signaling pathways/ cell damage
pathways thus activating various mechanisms in the cell increasing the success
rate of the treatment. In the light of
these information, a new combination
therapy, based on PDT and chemotherapy, has been investigated towards SKOV-3
over cancer cell line. A novel and
water-soluble photosensitizer and a chemotherapy drug called Irinotecan that is
been used in clinic were employed. Our
results showed that outcome of the combination therapy, which is composed of
PDT and chemotherapy, highly depends on the order of the treatment. For
instance, when PDT applied first, strong antagonism is observed at certain drug
concentrations. On the other hand, synergism is observed using the same drug
concentrations yet by only changing the order of the treatment.
A Brief Study of German Sinology Origins and the Dissemination of Daoism
Authors: Terol Rojo Gabriel 
Published: March 2018

The dissemination of Daoism in the West is a process that, although it begins late and slow, will lead to the great interest that this way of thinking has finally awakened, not only in the academic field, but also in some popular media. In order to clarify the history of the Western study of Chinese doctrine, the present article reviews the contribution of what we call theGerman sinology until the mid-twentieth century to focus the contribution of the Germanic works. With the recognition that the first works in German language on the Daoism are due to the Austrian sinologist and Japanese scholar August Pfitzmaier, we review the history of sinology in Germany highlighting authors and summarizing their biographies, works and Daoist contributions: Andreas Müller, for his Clavis Sinica; Christian Mentzel, engaged in linguistic works; Gottlieb Bayer, for his Museum Sinicum in quo Sinicæ linguæ et litteraturæ ratio explicatur; Julius Klaproth, the first German to excel in modern sinology and Georg von der Gabelentz, for his pioneering Beiträge zur chinesischen Grammatik, die Sprache des Chuang-Tsi. From the eighteenth century and with the beginnings of Sino-German relations: Ernst Faber, the undisputed Richard Wilhelm and Otto Franke. In the second half of the twentieth century, there was a resurgence of sinological studies throughout Germany, where the war had stopped these activities and had forced numerous renowned specialists such as Ernest Julius Walter Simon and Erich Haenisch to escape. July 2017October 2017Received:Accepted:The dissemination of Daoism in the West is a process that, although it begins late and slow, will lead to the great interest that this way of thinking has finally awakened, not only in the academic field, but also in some popular media. In order to clarify the history of the Western study of Chinese doctrine, the present article reviews the contribution of what we call the 1 Esta investigación formó parte del trabajo doctoral realizado por el autor dentro del programa oficial de doctorado de la Facultad de Filosofía de la Universidad de Valencia (España), "Razón, Lenguaje e Historia" (627 165F).
Deep neck space infection: an iceberg
Authors: Patil Venkatesh , Patil Rashmi , Karadi R. N. 
Published: March 2018

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The aim of the study was to review pre-disposing factors and clinical features in deep neck space infections so as to avoid life threatening complications associated with it.<strong> </strong>Assessment and management of 55 cases of deep neck space infection.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Retrospective study of 55 cases of deep neck space infection from January 2010 to June 2017. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Submandibular space/Ludwig’s angina is most commonly occurring neck space infection. Dental caries and poor oral hygiene is major contributing factor for infection. Parapharyngeal lymphadenitis followed by abscess formation is second most reason for neck space infection.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Immediate active intervention is required to prevent progress of the disease. Early stage of cellulitis needs intravenous antibiotics with control of secondary co-morbid conditions like diabetes mellitus, immunocompromised states and dental caries. Ultrasound of neck and CT scan of neck is useful to know the extent of disease. Surgical intervention in the form of incision and drainage is required if abscess is detected either clinically or radiologically. Tracheostomy is required if airway is compromised.</p><p class="abstract"> </p>
Modelo de controle de perdas aplicado à construção civil: pontos críticos e a contribuição da educação e treinamento.
Authors: Domingos Maria de Lurdes Costa , Denizot Alexandre Elias Ribeiro , Lima Netto Rulf Blanco , Lima Netto Washington Blanco 
Published: March 2018

A Indústria da Construção Civil apresenta altos índices de acidentes, sendo o segundo setor com maior número de mortes. Os acidentes de trabalho representam um grande custo para as empresas e toda a sociedade, aumentando a necessidade de controle dos riscos. Por conseguinte, este trabalho levantou as especificidades desse segmento industrial, fazendo uma revisão de literatura. Verificamos, a partir dos dados apurados, a viabilidade de utilização do conjunto de procedimentos administrativos e operacionais, por meio de ações educacionais e treinamentos, que compõem o Modelo de Prevenção de Controle de Perdas, com o objetivo de melhorar a performance da gestão de saúde e segurança da indústria da construção. Apresentamos, ao final do estudo, pontos críticos e possíveis soluções para sua implementação. Palavras-chave: Indústria da construção. Educação e treinamento. Modelo de Prevenção e Controle de Perdas.Loss control model applied in construction industry: critical points and contribution of education and training Abstract The Construction Industry has high rates of accidents, being the second sector with the highest number of deaths. Workplace accidents are a major expense for companies and the whole society, increasing the need for risk control. Therefore, this work raised the specifics of this industrial segment, through a literature review. We have checked from data determined, the viability of using the set of administrative and operational, trough educational actions and training, procedures that make up the Model of Loss Control and Prevention, in order to improve the performance of health and safety management in the construction industry. At the end of the study, critical points and possible solutions for implementation are introduced. Keywords: Construction industry. Education and training. Model of Prevention and Loss Control.
Saúde e Sociedade em debate: temas perenes e emergentes nos encontros da Sociedade Brasileira de Sociologia
Authors: Grisotti Marcia , Santos Luiz Antonio de Castro 
Published: March 2018

Apesar da longa tradição da sociologia da saúde no Brasil, reconhecida enquanto uma subárea específica pelas agências nacionais e estaduais de fomento à pesquisa científica (tais como CNPq, Capes e FAPESP), a abrangência dos temas investigados e o escopo dos possíveis campos de aplicação apresentam-se como desafios importantes na análise da produção e configuração do conhecimento dessa área. A complexidade temática é um dos vários enigmas enfrentados pelo pesquisador. Com a finalidade de analisar a amplitude dessa produção, ressaltando princi- palmente as questões que dela emergem, nos deteremos no exame dos trabalhos apresentados em cinco edições do Grupo de Trabalho Saúde e Sociedade, realizados no âmbito dos congres- sos da Sociedade Brasileira de Sociologia.
A institucionalização da pesquisa sobre ensino superior no Brasil
Authors: Neves Clarissa Eckert Baeta , Sampaio Helena , Heringer Rosana 
Published: March 2018

O artigo trata da constituição do campo de estudos sobre ensino superior. Vinculado ao reconhecimento da importância do ensino superior nas sociedades contempo- râneas, a emergência desse novo campo de estudos é relativamente recente: surge nos anos 1970 nos Estados Unidos e se dissemina nas décadas seguintes para outras partes do mundo. No Brasil, embora já se evidencie, nas décadas 1940 a 1970, uma significativa produção acadêmica sobre a universidade, seus papeis na sociedade e modelos de organização – ressoando períodos de criação e de reforma da universida- de no país -, é somente no final dos anos 1980 que o sistema de ensino superior e as instituições que o compõem se tornaram objeto de estudos e as pesquisas passaram a ser realizadas por grupos/núcleos e centros de investigação. Ao chamar a atenção para este novo campo de estudos, o artigo também ressalta a atualidade e pertinência nos debates envolvendo questões como igualdade de oportunidades, desigualdades sociais, estratificação e diversidade, investimentos em políticas sociais, decisões es- tratégicas em relação à formação de quadros profissionais e ao desenvolvimento da ciência, tecnologia e inovação no mundo globalizado.