bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Insights into the function of NADPH thioredoxin reductase C (NTRC) based on identification of NTRC-interacting proteins in vivo
Authors: González Maricruz , Delgado-Requerey Víctor , Ferrández Julia , Serna Antonio , Cejudo Francisco Javier 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Redox regulation in heterotrophic organisms relies on NADPH, thioredoxins (TRXs), and an NADPH-dependent TRX reductase (NTR). In contrast, chloroplasts harbor two redox systems, one that uses photoreduced ferredoxin (Fd), an Fd-dependent TRX reductase (FTR), and TRXs, which links redox regulation to light, and NTRC, which allows the use of NADPH for redox regulation. It has been shown that NTRC-dependent regulation of 2-Cys peroxiredoxin (PRX) is critical for optimal function of the photosynthetic apparatus. Thus, the objective of the present study was the analysis of the interaction of NTRC and 2-Cys PRX in vivo and the identification of proteins interacting with them with the aim of identifying chloroplast processes regulated by this redox system. To assess this objective, we generated Arabidopsis thaliana plants expressing either an NTRC–tandem affinity purification (TAP)-Tag or a green fluorescent protein (GFP)–TAP-Tag, which served as a negative control. The presence of 2-Cys PRX and NTRC in complexes isolated from NTRC–TAP-Tag-expressing plants confirmed the interaction of these proteins in vivo. The identification of proteins co-purified in these complexes by MS revealed the relevance of the NTRC–2-Cys PRX system in the redox regulation of multiple chloroplast processes. The interaction of NTRC with selected targets was confirmed in vivo by bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) assays.
Tissue-specific respiratory burst oxidase homolog-dependent H2O2 signaling to the plasma membrane H+-ATPase confers potassium uptake and salinity tolerance in Cucurbitaceae
Authors: Huang Yuan , Cao Haishun , Yang Li , Chen Chen , Shabala Lana , Xiong Mu , Niu Mengliang , Liu Juan , Zheng Zuhua , Zhou Lijian , Peng Zhaowen , Bie Zhilong , Shabala Sergey 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Potassium (K+) is a critical determinant of salinity tolerance, and H2O2 has been recognized as an important signaling molecule that mediates many physiological responses. However, the details of how H2O2 signaling regulates K+ uptake in the root under salt stress remain elusive. In this study, salt-sensitive cucumber and salt-tolerant pumpkin which belong to the same family, Cucurbitaceae, were used to answer the above question. We show that higher salt tolerance in pumpkin was related to its superior ability for K+ uptake and higher H2O2 accumulation in the root apex. Transcriptome analysis showed that salinity induced 5816 (3005 up- and 2811 down-) and 4679 (3965 up- and 714 down-) differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in cucumber and pumpkin, respectively. DEGs encoding NADPH oxidase (respiratory burst oxidase homolog D; RBOHD), 14-3-3 protein (GRF12), plasma membrane H+-ATPase (AHA1), and potassium transporter (HAK5) showed higher expression in pumpkin than in cucumber under salinity stress. Treatment with the NADPH oxidase inhibitor diphenylene iodonium resulted in lower RBOHD, GRF12, AHA1, and HAK5 expression, reduced plasma membrane H+-ATPase activity, and lower K+ uptake, leading to a loss of the salinity tolerance trait in pumpkin. The opposite results were obtained when the plants were pre-treated with exogenous H2O2. Knocking out of RBOHD in pumpkin by CRISPR/Cas9 [clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9] editing of coding sequences resulted in lower root apex H2O2 and K+ content and GRF12, AHA1, and HAK5 expression, ultimately resulting in a salt-sensitive phenotype. However, ectopic expression of pumpkin RBOHD in Arabidopsis led to the opposite effect. Taken together, this study shows that RBOHD-dependent H2O2 signaling in the root apex is important for pumpkin salt tolerance and suggests a novel mechanism that confers this trait, namely RBOHD-mediated transcriptional and post-translational activation of plasma membrane H+-ATPase operating upstream of HAK5 K+ uptake transporters.
‘A Table, A Cup, A Meowing Cat’: Marie Howe’s Theopoetics of the Ordinary
Authors: Cunning Andrew 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
This article connects the work of contemporary poet, Marie Howe (1950–) to a lineage of American writing dedicated to and founded on ‘the ordinary’. Beginning with Emerson and the transcendentalists, the argument is made that a largely Protestant tradition of American poetry and theology runs from Emerson and Whitman, through Elizabeth Bishop and Wallace Stevens, to Marilynne Robinson. Having established a distinctly American and specifically Protestant tradition of writing sourced from the mundane and the particular, it is shown how Marie Howe’s poetry is in dialogue with this lineage, particularly in her overtly theological third collection, The Kingdom of Ordinary Time (2008). The article concludes with a close reading of Howe’s poem ‘The Teacher’ from Magdalene (2017) and demonstrates how Howe ultimately disrupts the Emersonian tradition through her metaphor-less poetry. Using the Lord’s Supper as a motif, it is shown how Howe’s poetry opts for a Catholic approach to symbol, metaphor and transcendence, diverging theologically from Emerson, Stevens and Robinson’s expectations of ‘the ordinary’.
Definitive Management of a Traumatic Airway: Case Report
Authors: Fabich Robert A , Franklin Benjamin T , Langan Nicholas 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Maxillofacial and neck trauma from penetrating injuries present unique challenges for anesthesia providers and surgeons. In the austere conditions of a combat setting these challenges may be amplified due to limited resources and injury severity. Currently there is a lack of evidence and consensus on how to best manage a traumatized airway in this situation. The authors of this paper present the successful emergency management of a traumatized airway from a severe maxillofacial and neck-penetrating wound. A stepwise team approach using strong communication and a global mental model facilitated definitive airway management in this case allowing for safe transport to definitive care.
Realism Redux: Staging ‘Billy Budd’ in the Age of Television
Authors: Ward-Griffin Danielle 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Although the term ‘realism’ is frequently deployed in discussing opera productions, its meanings are far from self-evident. Examining four stage and screen productions of Benjamin Britten’s Billy Budd (1951–66), this article traces how this mode was reworked through television in the mid-twentieth century. Linking theatrical and televisual developments in the UK and the USA, I demonstrate how television’s concerns for intimacy and immediacy guided both the 1951 premiere and the condensed 1952 NBC television version. I then show how challenges to the status quo, particularly the ‘angry young men’ of British theatre and the backlash against naturalism on television, spurred the development of a revamped ‘realistic’ style in the 1964 stage and 1966 BBC productions of Billy Budd. Beyond Billy Budd, this article explores how the meanings of realism changed during the 1950s and 1960s, and how they continue to influence our study of opera performance history.
The impact of baryonic physics and massive neutrinos on weak lensing peak statistics
Authors: Fong Matthew , Choi Miyoung , Catlett Victoria , Lee Brandyn , Peel Austin , Bowyer Rachel , King Lindsay J , McCarthy Ian G 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
We study the impact of baryonic processes and massive neutrinos on weak lensing peak statistics that can be used to constrain cosmological parameters. We use the BAHAMAS suite of cosmological simulations, which self-consistently include baryonic processes and the effect of massive neutrino free-streaming on the evolution of structure formation. We construct synthetic weak lensing catalogues by ray tracing through light-cones, and use the aperture mass statistic for the analysis. The peaks detected on the maps reflect the cumulative signal from massive bound objects and general large-scale structure. We present the first study of weak lensing peaks in simulations that include both baryonic physics and massive neutrinos (summed neutrino mass Mν = 0.06, 0.12, 0.24, and 0.48 eV assuming normal hierarchy), so that the uncertainty due to physics beyond the gravity of dark matter can be factored into constraints on cosmological models. Assuming a fiducial model of baryonic physics, we also investigate the correlation between peaks and massive haloes, over a range of summed neutrino mass values. As higher neutrino mass tends to suppress the formation of massive structures in the Universe, the halo mass function and lensing peak counts are therefore modified as a function of Mν. Over most of the S/N range, the impact of fiducial baryonic physics is greater (less) than neutrinos for 0.06 and 0.12 (0.24 and 0.48) eV models. Both baryonic physics and massive neutrinos should be accounted for when deriving cosmological parameters from weak lensing observations.
Proper motions of the satellites of M31
Authors: Hodkinson Ben , Scholtz Jakub 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
We predict the range of proper motions of 19 satellite galaxies of M31 that would rotationally stabilize the M31 plane of satellites consisting of 15–20 members as identified by Ibata et al. Our prediction is based purely on the current positions and line-of-sight velocities of these satellites and the assumption that the plane is not a transient feature. These predictions are therefore independent of the current debate about the formation history of this plane. We further comment on the feasibility of measuring these proper motions with future observations by the THEIA satellite mission as well as the currently planned observations by HST and JWST.
Nuisance hardened data compression for fast likelihood-free inference
Authors: Alsing Justin , Wandelt Benjamin 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
We show how nuisance parameter marginalized posteriors can be inferred directly from simulations in a likelihood-free setting, without having to jointly infer the higher dimensional interesting and nuisance parameter posterior first and marginalize a posteriori. The result is that for an inference task with a given number of interesting parameters, the number of simulations required to perform likelihood-free inference can be kept (roughly) the same irrespective of the number of additional nuisances to be marginalized over. To achieve this, we introduce two extensions to the standard likelihood-free inference set-up. First, we show how nuisance parameters can be recast as latent variables and hence automatically marginalized over in the likelihood-free framework. Secondly, we derive an asymptotically optimal compression from N data to n summaries – one per interesting parameter - such that the Fisher information is (asymptotically) preserved, but the summaries are insensitive to the nuisance parameters. This means that the nuisance marginalized inference task involves learning n interesting parameters from n ‘nuisance hardened’ data summaries, regardless of the presence or number of additional nuisance parameters to be marginalized over. We validate our approach on two examples from cosmology: supernovae and weak-lensing data analyses with nuisance parametrized systematics. For the supernova problem, high-fidelity posterior inference of Ωm and w0 (marginalized over systematics) can be obtained from just a few hundred data simulations. For the weak-lensing problem, six cosmological parameters can be inferred from just $\mathcal {O}(10^3)$ simulations, irrespective of whether 10 additional nuisance parameters are included in the problem or not.
Rice FLUORESCENT1 Is Involved in the Regulation of Chlorophyll
Authors: Li Zhiyun , Mo Weiping , Jia Liqiang , Xu Yong-Chao , Tang Weijiang , Yang Wenqiang , Guo Ya-Long , Lin Rongcheng 
Published: July 2019

AbstractChlorophyll biosynthesis plays essential roles in photosynthesis and plant growth in response to environmental conditions. The accumulation of excess chlorophyll biosynthesis intermediates under light results in the production of reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress. In this study, we identified a rice (Oryza sativa) mutant, oxidation under photoperiod (oxp), that displayed photobleached lesions on its leaves, reduced growth and decreased chlorophyll content during light/dark cycles or following a dark-to-light transition. The oxp mutant accumulated more chlorophyll precursors (5-aminolevulinic acid and protochlorophyllide) than the wild type in the dark, and more singlet oxygen following light exposure. Several singlet-oxygen-responsive genes were greatly upregulated in oxp, whereas the expression patterns of OsPORA and OsPORB, two genes encoding the chlorophyll biosynthesis enzyme NADPH:protochlorop hyllide oxidoreductase, were altered in de-etiolated oxp seedlings. Molecular and complementation studies revealed that oxp is a loss-of-function mutant in LOC_Os01g32730, a homolog of FLUORESCENT (FLU) in Arabidopsis thaliana. Rice PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTOR-LIKE14 (OsPIL14) transcription factor directly bound to the OsFLU1 promoter and activated its expression. Dark-grown transgenic rice seedlings overexpressing OsPIL14 accumulated more chlorophyll and turned green faster than the wild type upon light illumination. Thus, OsFLU1 is an important regulator of chlorophyll biosynthesis in rice.
Molecular Functions of Rice Cytosol-Localized RING Finger Protein 1 in Response to Salt and Drought and Comparative Analysis of Its Grass Orthologs
Authors: Park Yong Chan , Choi Seung Young , Kim Jong Ho , Jang Cheol Seong 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
In higher plants, the post-translational modification of target proteins via the attachment of molecules such as ubiquitin (Ub) mediates a variety of cellular functions via the Ub/26S proteasome system. Here, a really interesting new gene (RING)-H2 type E3 ligase, which regulates target proteins via the Ub/26S proteasome system, was isolated from a rice plant, and its other grass orthologs were examined to determine the evolution of its molecular function during speciation. The gene encoding Oryza sativa cytoplasmic-localized RING finger protein 1 (OsCLR1) was highly expressed under salt and drought stresses. By contrast, the three grass orthologs, SbCLR1 from Sorghum bicolor, ZmCLR1 from Zea mays and TaCLR1 from Triticum aestivum, showed different responses to these stresses. Despite these differences, all four orthologs exhibited E3 ligase activity with cytosol-targeted localization, demonstrating conserved molecular functions. Although OsCLR1-overexpressing plants showed higher survival rates under both salt and drought stresses than that of the wild type (WT) plants, this pattern was not observed in the other orthologs. In addition, OsCLR1-overexpressing plants exhibited lower germination rates in ABA than that of WT plants, whereas the three ortholog CLR1-overexpressing plants showed rates similar to the WT plants. These results indicate the positive regulation of OsCLR1 in response to salt and drought in an ABA-dependent manner. Despite the molecular functions of the three CLR1 orthologs remaining largely unknown, our results provide an insight into the evolutionary fate of CLR1 grass orthologs during speciation after the divergence from a common ancestor.
Evolution of a Conduit System at the Marathon PGE–Cu Deposit: Insights from Silicate Mineral Textures and Chemistry
Authors: Shahabi Far Maryam , Samson Iain M , Gagnon Joel E , Good David J , Linnen Robert L , Ames Doreen 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The Marathon platinum group element (PGE)–Cu deposit is hosted by the Two Duck Lake Gabbro of the Mesoproterozoic Coldwell Complex, Canada, and comprises three zones of mineralization, which have different textural, mineralogical and geochemical characteristics. The Footwall Zone occurs at the base of the Two Duck Lake Gabbro, at the contact with the Archean country rocks. The Main Zone occurs within the Two Duck Lake Gabbro, above the Footwall Zone. The W Horizon is an extraordinarily PGE-enriched zone that is characterized by very low Cu/Pd values, less pyrrhotite, and appreciably more bornite than the Footwall and Main zones. It occurs above Main Zone-equivalent mineralization in the southern half of the Two Duck Lake intrusion. Silicate mineral textures and chemistry reveal that the Marathon deposit formed in a dynamic magma conduit system with a complex magma evolution history. The deposit developed into three zones as a result of the multiple pulses of compositionally different magmas. Plagioclase commonly shows resorption surfaces with overgrowths and the anorthite content and concentrations of trace elements such as Fe, Sr, Ba, and rare earth elements in plagioclase change significantly across these surfaces. In rocks that contain sulfide minerals, plagioclase crystals have been partly resorbed and the resorbed rims are Ca-enriched and intergrown with sulfide mineral inclusions. These rims contain higher base-metal and sulfur contents and are light rare earth element-enriched compared with the primary plagioclase. These characteristics indicate input of a separate sulfide-enriched melt with a different composition compared with that from which the primary plagioclase crystallized. Additional evidence for the involvement of slightly different magmas during evolution of the three mineralized zones is derived from variations in pyroxene chemistry (e.g. higher Fe, lower Mg, V, and Sc) between the Footwall Zone and the other two zones and the absence of inverted pigeonite from the W Horizon. The PGE enrichment occurred at depth prior to intrusion and late-stage PGE-rich sulfide-bearing magmas intruded and formed the W Horizon. Therefore, the W Horizon is a zone of mineralization that formed late in the evolution of the Two Duck Lake Gabbro.
For the Sake of the Arguments: Reading the Headnotes to The Faerie Queene
Authors: Osorio Whewell Esther 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
This essay proposes taking a serious poetic and literary-historical interest in the ballad-stanza ‘Arguments’ which precede and summarize every Canto in Spenser’s Faerie Queene. Short, simple, and economical, the four-line Arguments seem at first a very different poetical space from the Spenserian stanza—but on closer reading, they demand an investment in the dimensions of printed language and the spaces and syntax of its storytelling which fits persuasively with the wider poetics of The Faerie Queene and with its narrative structures. The first section establishes the Arguments in a context of analogous early modern paratexts—in the Geneva Bible, Thomas Speght’s 1598 collected Chaucer, printed plays, and the Sternhold-Hopkins psalter. The second reads them closely as a ‘didactic technology’ which might, as well as helping us to read The Faerie Queene, help teach us how to.
Gut microbiota alterations associated with reduced bone mineral density in older adults
Authors: Das Mrinmoy , Cronin Owen , Keohane David M , Cormac Edel M , Nugent Helena , Nugent Michelle , Molloy Catherine , O’Toole Paul W , Shanahan Fergus , Molloy Michael G , Jeffery Ian B 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Objective
To investigate compositional differences in the gut microbiota associated with bone homeostasis and fractures in a cohort of older adults.

Methods
Faecal microbiota profiles were determined from 181 individuals with osteopenia (n = 61) or osteoporosis (n = 60), and an age- and gender-matched group with normal BMD (n = 60). Analysis of the 16S (V3-V4 region) amplicon dataset classified to the genus level was used to identify significantly differentially abundant taxa. Adjustments were made for potential confounding variables identified from the literature using several statistical models.

Results
We identified six genera that were significantly altered in abundance in the osteoporosis or osteopenic groups compared with age- and gender-matched controls. A detailed study of microbiota associations with meta-data variables that included BMI, health status, diet and medication revealed that these meta-data explained 15–17% of the variance within the microbiota dataset. BMD measurements were significantly associated with alterations in the microbiota. After controlling for known biological confounders, five of the six taxa remained significant. Overall microbiota alpha diversity did not correlate to BMD in this study.

Conclusion
Reduced BMD in osteopenia and osteoporosis is associated with an altered microbiota. These alterations may be useful as biomarkers or therapeutic targets in individuals at high risk of reductions in BMD. These observations will lead to a better understanding of the relationship between the microbiota and bone homeostasis.
Reduced survival in COPD patients who received long-term oxygen therapy without meeting prescription criteria: a preliminary study
Authors: Alexandre François , Varray Alain , Stéphan Yannick , Hayot Maurice , Héraud Nelly 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundRandomized clinical trials have provided clear evidence that long-term oxygen therapy (LTOT) increases life expectancy in severely hypoxemic COPD patients. However, in real-life settings, in global COPD cohorts, a paradoxical 2-3-fold increased risk of death has been reported in patients under LTOT. This discrepancy could be explained by a subgroup of patients under LTOT who do not meet the current guidelines and for whom LTOT would be associated with poor prognosis. This retrospective study of a global COPD cohort therefore sought to: (1) determine if a subgroup of patients under LTOT without severe hypoxemia could be distinguished, and (2) compare the mortality risk according to hypoxemia severity and LTOT prescription.MethodThe sample was taken from a database (NCT02055885) on 191 stable COPD patients (age: 65.1±9.8 years, 85 women) admitted for a pulmonary rehabilitation program between 2009 and 2012 and followed until 1 January 2018. Uni- and multivariate Cox proportional hazard ratio (HR) models were used to examine the associations between clinical characteristics (age, sex, blood gases, etc.), LTOT according to PaO2 level, and mortality.ResultsForty patients (21%) were under LTOT at PR entry despite not meeting the O2 prescription criteria. Patients under LTOT had a nearly 2-fold higher mortality risk adjusted by covariates (HRmultivariate=1.83; p=0.009). Furthermore, the higher mortality risk under LTOT was specific to the patients under LTOT without severe hypoxemia (HRmultivariate=2.39; p=0.04).ConclusionThe association between LTOT and mortality might be attributed to a subgroup under LTOT despite not/no longer meeting the LTOT criteria. Further studies are needed to identify the physiological basis of this phenomenon.