bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Distinct endophytes are used by diverse plants for adaptation to karst regions
Authors: Li Fei , He Xiaohong , Sun Yuanyuan , Zhang Ximin , Tang Xiaoxin , Li Yuke , Yi Yin 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe present study aimed at systematically investigating the endophytic communities of dominant plants in the karst ecosystem. Soil and plant materials were collected and after sequencing of the 16 s RNA, the diversity and abundance of the endophytic community structures in leaves were examined. Our results showed that abundant and diverse endogenous bacteria were associated with the leaves of common dominant plants living in the karst ecological environment. Notably, common traits and significant differences in the endophytic community structures were recorded among different plant species with different leaf grown in soils with different calcium contents. These observations implied that plants may adopt different strategies to adapt to the karst ecological environment. In addition, the endophytic bacteria associated with the leaves may be involved in different physiological strategies used by the plants to adapt to the karst ecological environment. These findings provide new avenues for developing microbial agents that could be suitable for the karst ecological environment and will provide sustainable solutions for improving the ability of plants to adapt to karst special adversities, and thus for karst geomorphological environmental protection and agricultural development.
Biosorption and Biodegradation of the Environmental Hormone Nonylphenol By Four Marine Microalgae
Authors: Wang Luyun , Xiao Han , He Ning , Sun Dong , Duan Shunshan 
Published: March 2019

AbstractMicroalgae are the most abundant microorganisms in aquatic environments, and many possess the ability to remove organic contaminants. The presence of endocrine disruption compounds (EDCs) in many coastal marine systems and their associated risks have elicited great concern, especially in the case of nonylphenol (NP), which is classified as a priority contaminate by the U.S. EPA. In this context, batch experiments were conducted to investigate the intracellular absorption, extracellular adsorption and biodegradation of NP by four species of marine microalgae: Phaeocystis globosa, Nannochloropsis oculata, Dunaliella salina and Platymonas subcordiformis. The results showed a sharp reduction of NP in medium containing the four microalgal species during the first 24 h of incubation, and the four species exhibited the greatest capacity for NP adsorption and absorption within 24 h of culture. However, the amount of NP absorbed and adsorbed by all four microalgae decreased with increasing time in culture, and intracellular absorption was greater than extracellular adsorption. After 120 h of exposure to NP, the four species could biodegrade most of the NP in the medium, with efficiencies ranging from 43.43 to 90.94%. In sum, we found that the four microalgae have high biodegradation percentages and can thus improve the bioremediation of NP-contaminated water.
Liver proteomics unravel the metabolic pathways related to Feed Efficiency in beef cattle
Authors: Fonseca Leydiana D. , Eler Joanir P. , Pereira Mikaele A. , Rosa Alessandra F. , Alexandre Pâmela A. , Moncau Cristina T. , Salvato Fernanda , Rosa-Fernandes Livia , Palmisano Giuseppe , Ferraz José B. S. , Fukumasu Heidge 
Published: March 2019

AbstractImproving nutrient utilization efficiency is essential for livestock, given the current scenario of increasing demand for animal protein and sustainable resource use. In this context, understanding the biology of feed efficiency (FE) in beef cattle allows the development of markers for identification and selection of best animals for animal production. Thus, 98 young Nellore bulls were evaluated for FE and at the end of the experiment liver samples from six High Feed Efficient (HFE) and six Low Feed Efficient (LFE) animals were collected for protein extraction, digestion and analysis by HPLC-MS/MS. Data were analyzed for differential abundant proteins (DAPs), protein networks, and functional enrichment. Serum endotoxin was also quantified. We found 42 DAPs and 3 protein networks significantly related to FE. The main pathways associated with FE were: microbial metabolism; biosynthesis of fatty acids, amino acids and vitamins; glycolysis/gluconeogenesis; xenobiotic metabolism and; antigen processing and presentation. Serum endotoxins were significantly higher in LFE animals supporting the results. Therefore, the findings presented here confirmed the altered hepatic metabolism and pronounced hepatic inflammation in LFE animals supporting that the increased bacterial load is at least in part responsible for the hepatic lesions and inflammation in LFE animals.
Efficacy and Safety of Pioglitazone Monotherapy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials
Authors: Alam Fahmida , Islam Md. Asiful , Mohamed Mafauzy , Ahmad Imran , Kamal Mohammad Amjad , Donnelly Richard , Idris Iskandar , Gan Siew Hua 
Published: March 2019

AbstractPioglitazone, the only thiazolidinedione drug in clinical practice is under scrutiny due to reported adverse effects, it’s unique insulin sensitising action provides rationale to remain as a therapeutic option for managing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis comparing pioglitazone monotherapy with monotherapies of other oral antidiabetic drugs for assessing its efficacy and safety in T2DM patients. Mean changes in glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), and mean changes in fasting blood sugar (FBS) level, body weight (BW) and homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were primary and secondary outcomes, respectively. Safety outcomes were changes in lipid parameters, blood pressure and incidences of adverse events. Metafor package of R software and RevMan software based on random-effects model were used for analyses. We included 16 randomised controlled trials. Pioglitazone monotherapy showed equivalent efficacy as comparators in reducing HbA1c by 0.05% (95% CI: −0.21 to 0.11) and greater efficacy in reducing FBS level by 0.24 mmol/l (95% CI: −0.48 to −0.01). Pioglitazone showed similar efficacy as comparators in reducing HOMA-IR (WMD: 0.05, 95% CI: −0.49 to 0.59) and increasing high-density lipoprotein level (WMD: 0.02 mmol/l, 95% CI: −0.06 to 0.10). Improved blood pressure (WMD: −1.05 mmHg, 95% CI: −4.29 to 2.19) and triglycerides level (WMD: −0.71 mmol/l, 95% CI: −1.70 to 0.28) were also observed with pioglitazone monotherapy. There was a significant association of pioglitazone with increased BW (WMD: 2.06 kg, 95% CI: 1.11 to 3.01) and risk of oedema (RR: 2.21, 95% CI: 1.48 to 3.31), though the risk of hypoglycaemia was absolutely lower (RR: 0.51, 95% CI: 0.33 to 0.80). Meta-analysis supported pioglitazone as an effective treatment option for T2DM patients to ameliorate hyperglycaemia, adverse lipid metabolism and blood pressure. Pioglitazone is suggested to prescribe following individual patient’s needs. It can be a choice of drug for insulin resistant T2DM patients having dyslipidaemia, hypertension or history of cardiovascular disease.
Runoff events and related rainfall variability in the Southern Carpathians during the last 2000 years
Authors: Longman Jack , Veres Daniel , Ersek Vasile , Haliuc Aritina , Wennrich Volker 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe occurrence of heavy rainfall events is expected to undergo significant changes under increasing anthropogenic forcing. South-eastern Europe is reacting rapidly to such changes, therefore understanding and forecasting of precipitation variability is vital to better comprehending environmental changes in this area. Here we present a sub-decadal reconstruction of enhanced rainfall events for the past 2000 years from the Southern Carpathians, Romania using peat geochemistry. Five clear periods of enhanced rainfall are identified at 125–250, 600–900, 1050–1300, 1400–1575 and 1725–1980 CE. Significant runoff is observed during the second half of the Medieval Warm Period, whilst the Little Ice Age was characterised by significant variability. The North Atlantic Oscillation appears to be the main control on regional precipitation, but changes in solar irradiance also seem to play a significant role, together with the Siberian High. Comparison of the data presented here with model outputs confirms the ability of models to predict general trends, and major shifts, but highlights the complexity of the region’s hydrological history.
Simulation of tight fluid flow with the consideration of capillarity and stress-change effect
Authors: Zhang Yuan , Di Yuan , Liu Pengcheng , Li Wanzhen 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe horizontal wells and multi-stage hydraulic fracturing technologies play a significantly important role in developing unconventional reservoirs. Due to the nanopore effects and stress deformation in tight formations, the fluid equilibrium and thermodynamics become more complex and the conventional reservoir simulation models cannot accurately handle these mechanisms. Hence, the objective of this work is to propose a comprehensive simulation model considering the effects of confined space and stress-dependent deformation. We first evaluated the phase envelope and fluid properties in the confined nanopores. Results show that bubble-point pressure and oil viscosity decrease, while formation volume factor and gas-oil ratio increase. The heavy components cause large deviation on the P-T phase envelope at the reservoir condition. Subsequently, a reservoir simulation model of the Bakken tight oil reservoir was built including the effect of stress-dependent deformation. The proposed phase behavior model was applied into the reservoir simulator to predict the hydrocarbon production from the Bakken tight oil reservoir. Finally, the role of the confined space and the stress-dependent deformation on the production are examined in detail. This novel simulation approach can shed light on the better understanding of the key parameters affecting well production of in developing tight oil reservoirs in the future.
The clinical features and prognosis of 100 AIDS-related lymphoma cases
Authors: Wu Dedong , Chen Chen , Zhang Mingzhi , Li Zhaoming , Wang Suqian , Shi Jijing , Zhang Yu , Yao Dingzhu , Hu Shuang 
Published: March 2019

AbstractTo improve outcomes and risk assessment, we systematically analyzed the clinical features of patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related lymphoma (ARL) and identified survival-associated factors. Data were collected from 100 patients diagnosed with ARL at the Henan Provincial Infectious Disease Hospital in China. The progression-free survival (PFS) duration and 2-year overall survival (OS) rate were determined. A multivariate analysis was used to evaluate the associations between survival and the following variables: sex, age, histological subtype, Ann Arbor stage, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level, primary site, baseline CD4+ count, use of chemotherapy, and age-adjusted international prognostic index IPI (aaIPI). The timing of combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) relative to chemotherapy was also assessed. The PFS duration and 2-year OS rate were significantly higher in the chemotherapy vs. the non-chemotherapy group (P < 0.001), but did not differ significantly between patients who received chemotherapy before vs. simultaneously as cART (P > 0.05). Age, aaIPI, chemotherapy, LDH level, and the Burkitt/Burkitt-like lymphoma subtype were significant prognostic factors for 2-year OS; the other factors were not associated with prognosis. Our results show that cART plus chemotherapy significantly improves the survival of patients with ARL and identifies several prognostic factors.
Intense bone fluorescence reveals hidden patterns in pumpkin toadlets
Authors: Goutte Sandra , Mason Matthew J. , Antoniazzi Marta M. , Jared Carlos , Merle Didier , Cazes Lilian , Toledo Luís Felipe , el-Hafci Hanane , Pallu Stéphane , Portier Hugues , Schramm Stefan , Gueriau Pierre , Thoury Mathieu 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe phenomenon of fluorescence can be used by animals to change effective colouration or patterning, potentially to serve functions including intra- and interspecific signalling. Initially believed to be restricted to marine animals, fluorescent colours are now being described in an increasing number of terrestrial species. Here, we describe unique, highly fluorescent patterns in two species of pumpkin toadlets (Brachycephalus ephippium and B. pitanga). We establish that the origin of the fluorescence lies in the dermal bone of the head and back, visible through a particularly thin skin. By comparing them to those of the closely related species Ischnocnema parva, we demonstrate that pumpkin toadlets’ bones are exceptionally fluorescent. We characterize the luminescence properties of the toadlets’ bones and discuss the potential function of fluorescent patterns in natural lighting conditions.
New parameter tuning method for LCC/LCC compensated IPT system with constant voltage output based on LC resonance principles
Authors: Chen Yang , Yang Naijian , Li Qiao , He Zhengyou , Mai Ruikun 
Published: March 2019

Compensation topologies with constant current (CC) or constant voltage (CV) play essential roles in inductive power transfer (IPT) systems. This article describes basic LC resonance principles, which can analyse the output characteristics of all the compensation topologies with CC or CV outputs. By combining LC principles, a new parameter tuning method for LCC/LCC topology with CV output is proposed, followed by efficiency analysis and sensitivity analysis as per various configurations. Moreover, comparing with conventional topologies, it indicates that the LCC/LCC topology has three advantages: (i) The output voltage is load‐independent, and it can easily achieve zero phase angle (ZPA) or zero voltage switching (ZVS); (ii) This topology can free the design from the restrictions enforced by the loosely coupled transformer parameters; (iii) The topology is equipped with high‐order harmonic suppression capability. Finally, a 1300‐W laboratory‐scale prototype with a 15 cm air gap was built to verify the theoretical analysis. The experimental results demonstrate the feasibility and superiority of the proposed LCC/LCC IPT system with new parameter tuning method.
Kasuserwerb in der Erstsprache Türkisch: Eine Untersuchung zur Akkusativ- und Dativproduktion von bilingual türkisch-deutschsprachigen Kindern
Authors: Gökgöz Kübra , Gagarina Natalia , Klassert Annegret 
Published: March 2019

ZusammenfassungWährend für den monolingualen Erwerb des Türkischen ausreichend Evidenzen vorliegen, dass Kasus innerhalb der ersten drei Lebensjahre erworben wird und Erwerbsprobleme ein sicherer Indikator für SSES sind, ist dies für den bilingualen Erwerb nicht ausreichend geklärt. Die vorliegende Studie untersucht in longitudinalen Daten von ungestörten 18 zwei- bis vierjährigen bilingual türkisch-deutsch-sprachigen Kindern die Korrektheitswerte, Entwicklungsmuster und Fehlertypen in einem Elizitierungstest für Akkusativ und Dativ in der Erstsprache Türkisch. Auch nach dem vierten Lebensjahr sind die getesteten Bereiche nicht von allen Kindern vollständig erworben. Der Kasus ist demnach unter bilingualen Erwerbsbedingungen ein vulnerabler Bereich und als alleiniger Marker nicht geeignet, um zwischen gestörter und ungestörter bilingualer Sprachentwicklung zu unterscheiden. Das häufige Ausweichen auf pronominale Reaktionen und andere Wörter auf Grund lexikalischer Unsicherheiten, verdeutlicht die Notwendigkeit von erstsprachlichen Kompetenzen bei der Beurteilung der Korrektheit der Reaktionen.
Orthogeriatrie
Authors: Liener Ulrich , Peters Kerstin , Hartwig Erich , Hoffmann Reinhard , Bücking Benjamin 
Published: March 2019

ZusammenfassungDie Anzahl osteoporotischer Frakturen und multimorbider Patienten ist in den letzten Jahren angestiegen und wird weiter steigen. Aufgrund der substanziellen Morbidität und Mortalität von Fragilitätsfrakturen bei diesen Patienten hat inzwischen ein Paradigmenwechsel – weg von der Sichtweise einer unfallchirurgischen Monoverletzung, hin zu der Sichtweise eines orthogeriatrischen Syndroms – stattgefunden. Neben der Frakturversorgung beinhaltet dieses Konzept auch eine medikamentöse Therapie der Osteoporose.
Abirateron plus Prednison beim neu diagnostizierten Hochrisiko-metastasierten hormonsensitiven Prostatakarzinom (mHSPC)
Authors: Miller Kurt 
Published: March 2019

ZusammenfassungDie Ergebnisse der beiden Studien LATITUDE 1 und STAMPEDE 2 zur Kombinationstherapie von Abirateron plus Prednison (Abirateron/P) mit konventioneller ADT haben eine praxisverändernde Alternative zur kombinierten Hormon-Chemotherapie mit ADT plus Docetaxel in der Erstlinientherapie des neu diagnostizierten Hochrisiko-metastasierten hormonsensitiven Prostatakarzinoms (mHSPC) aufgezeigt. In beiden Studien führte Abirateron/P zu einer deutlichen Verlängerung des progressionsfreien und Gesamtüberlebens. Ob Abirateron/P plus ADT als neuer Goldstandard beim neu diagnostizierten Hochrisiko-mHSPC anzusehen ist, kann derzeit nicht sicher beurteilt werden, da direkte Vergleichsstudien noch fehlen. Die vorliegenden indirekten Daten zeigen aber, dass Abirateron/P eine mindestens vergleichbare, wenn nicht sogar etwas höhere Effektivität aufweist, bei einer insgesamt besseren Verträglichkeit.
Changing trends of incidence and prognosis of thyroid
carcinoma
Authors: Farahati Jamshid , Mäder Uwe , Gilman Elena , Görges Rainer , Maric Ines , Binse Ina , Hänscheid Heribert , Herrmann Ken , Buck Andreas , Bockisch Andreas 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Aim to evaluate the time trend of epidemiology of follicular cell derived
thyroid cancer (TC) based on data from a well documented cancer registry.
Methods Population based data on TC from Lower Franconia (LF), Germany,
within 1981 and 2015 were analysed to estimate the regional epidemiology of TC.
The incidence was assessed in 5-year-intervals for gender, histology, and tumor
stage.
Results Incidence of TC solely attributable to papillary TC (PTC) doubled
mainly in T1- and T2-stages within the evaluation period from 4.5 to
8.7/100.000/y in females and 1.7 to 4.1/100.000/y in males. There was no
significant change of follicular TC (FTC), whereas anaplastic TC (ATC) decreased
in the same interval. The number of lymph-node metastases and T3-cases
increased, while the frequency of T4-stage and distant metastases decreased.
Increased incidences of T1- and T2-stages suggest an over-diagnosis. In
contrast, increasing number of tumors at T3-stage and with lymph node
involvement contradict the over-diagnosis as the only reason for rising
incidence. Declining of T4-stages in spite of increasing of T3-stages and
N1-cases indicates the value of timely detection and treatment of TC. In
accordance, reduced incidence of advanced cancers with M1-stage and ATC cases
promote our current management of TC.
Conclusion Timely diagnosis and adequate risk-adopted treatment of thyroid
cancer reduce the frequency of high-risk cases with distant metastases and the
possible protracted dedifferentiation of TC to anaplastic features. Our analyses
support the management algorithm in thyroid cancer according to the recent
guidelines of German Nuclear Medicine Society.
N-Halo Reagents: Modern Synthetic Approaches for Heterocyclic Synthesis
Authors: de Andrade Vitor , de Mattos Marcio 
Published: March 2019

Heterocyclic chemistry is an essential frontier in science and a source of novel biologically active compounds. The development of innovative synthetic methodologies that allows access to different heterocyclic rings is of critical interest to the scientific community. This review will focus on recent applications of N-halo compounds (e.g., N-halosuccinimides, trihaloisocyanuric acids, N-halosulfonamides, etc.) in heterocyclic construction via electrophilic cyclization, asymmetric halocyclization, oxidative cyclization, and radical processes.1	Introduction2	N-Halo Reagent Mediated Heterocyclic Construction and Functionalization2.1	Electrophilic Halocyclizations2.1.1	Asymmetric Halocyclizations2.2	Radical Halocyclizations2.3	Oxidative Halocyclizations2.4	Miscellaneous Halocyclization Reactions3	Summary and Outlook
TINP1 homolog is required for planarian regeneration
Authors: Sun Yujia , Gao Tingting , Zhang Shoutao , Zhang Yizhe , Tian Qingnan 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACT
The planarian flatworm is an ideal system for the study of regeneration in vivo. In this study, we focus on TINP1, which is one of the most conserved proteins in eukaryotic organisms. We found that TINP1 was expressed in parenchymal region through whole body as well as central nervous system (CNS) during the course of regeneration. RNA interference targeting DjTINP1 caused lysis defects in regenerating tissues and a decreased in cell division and expression levels of DjpiwiA and Djpcna. Furthermore, the expression levels of DjTINP1 were decreased when we inhibited the TGF-β signal by knockdown of smad4, which is the sole co-smad and has been proved to control the blastema patterning and central nervous system (CNS) regeneration in planarians. These findings suggest that DjTINP1 participate in the maintenance of neoblasts and be required for proper cell proliferation in planarians as a downstream gene of the TGF-β signal pathway.
Progress toward divertor detachment on TCV within H-mode operating parameters
Authors: Harrison J R , Theiler C , Février O , Oliviera H de , Maurizio R , Verhaegh K , Perek A , Karpushov A , Lipschultz B , Duval B P , Feng X , Henderson S , Labit B , Linehan B , Merle A , Reimerdes H , Sheikh U , Tsui C K , Vijvers W A J , Wüthrich C 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Recent experiments on Tokamak à Configuration Variable have made significant progress toward partial detachment of the outer divertor in neutral beam heated H-mode plasmas in conventional and alternative divertor configurations. The heating power required to enter H-mode was measured in a range of divertor configurations. It is found that at the core densities most favourable for H-mode access, the L–H threshold power is largely independent of the poloidal flux expansion and major radius of the outer divertor, and in the snowflake minus configuration. A factor 2 reduction in the outer divertor power load was achieved in ELM-free (using a fuelling and nitrogen seeding) and ELMy (using nitrogen seeding) H-mode plasmas. No significant reduction in the outer divertor particle flux was achieved in the ELM-free scenarios, compared with ~30% reduction in the most strongly detached ELMy cases. The poloidal flux expansion at the outer divertor was not found to significantly alter the cooling of the divertor in the ELM-free scenarios.