bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nonadiabatic dynamics: The SHARC approach
Authors: Mai Sebastian , Marquetand Philipp , González Leticia 
Published: May 2018

We review the Surface Hopping including ARbitrary Couplings (SHARC) approach for excited‐state nonadiabatic dynamics simulations. As a generalization of the popular surface hopping method, SHARC allows simulating the full‐dimensional dynamics of molecules including any type of coupling terms beyond nonadiabatic couplings. Examples of these arbitrary couplings include spin–orbit couplings or dipole moment–laser field couplings, such that SHARC can describe ultrafast internal conversion, intersystem crossing, and radiative processes. The key step of the SHARC approach consists of a diagonalization of the Hamiltonian including these couplings, such that the nuclear dynamics is carried out on potential energy surfaces including the effects of the couplings—this is critical in any applications considering, for example, transition metal complexes or strong laser fields. We also give an overview over the new SHARC2.0 dynamics software package, released under the GNU General Public License, which implements the SHARC approach and several analysis tools. The review closes with a brief survey of applications where SHARC was employed to study the nonadiabatic dynamics of a wide range of molecular systems.This article is categorized under:

Theoretical and Physical Chemistry > Reaction Dynamics and Kinetics
Software > Simulation Methods
Software > Quantum Chemistry
Exploring the spectrum of planar AdS4/CFT3 at finite coupling
Authors: Bombardelli Diego , Cavaglià Andrea , Conti Riccardo , Tateo Roberto 
Published: May 2018

Abstract

The Quantum Spectral Curve (QSC) equations for planar

$$ \mathcal{N}=6 $$

N
=
6

super-conformal Chern-Simons (SCS) are solved numerically at finite values of the coupling constant for states in the

$$ \mathfrak{s}\mathfrak{l}\left(2\Big|1\right) $$

s
l

2
|
1

sector.
New weak coupling results for conformal dimensions of operators outside the

$$ \mathfrak{s}\mathfrak{l}(2) $$

s
l

2

-like sector are obtained by adapting a recently proposed algorithm for the QSC perturbative solution. Besides being interesting in their own right, these perturbative results are necessary initial inputs for the numerical algorithm to converge on the correct solution.
The non-perturbative numerical outcomes nicely interpolate between the weak coupling and the known semiclassical expansions, and novel strong coupling exact results are deduced from the numerics. Finally, the existence of contour crossing singularities in the TBA equations for the operator 20 is ruled out by our analysis.
The results of this paper are an important test of the QSC formalism for this model, open the way to new quantitative studies and provide further evidence in favour of the conjectured weak/strong coupling duality between

$$ \mathcal{N}=6 $$

N
=
6

SCS and type IIA superstring theory on AdS4 × CP
3. Attached to the arXiv submission, a Mathematica implementation of the numerical method and ancillary files containing the numerical results are provided.
Holographic RG flows on curved manifolds and quantum phase transitions
Authors: Ghosh J. K. , Kiritsis E. , Nitti F. , Witkowski L. T. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractHolographic RG flows dual to QFTs on maximally symmetric curved manifolds (dSd, AdSd, andSd) are considered in the framework of Einstein-dilaton gravity ind+ 1 dimensions. A general dilaton potential is used and the flows are driven by a scalar relevant operator. The general properties of such flows are analyzed and the UV and IR asymptotics computed. New RG flows can appear at finite curvature which do not have a zero curvature counterpart. The so-called ‘bouncing’ flows, where theβ-function has a branch cut at which it changes sign, are found to persist at finite curvature. Novel quantum first-order phase transitions are found, triggered by a variation in thed-dimensional curvature in theories allowing multiple ground states.
Environmental factors affecting population level genetic divergence of the striped field mouse (Apodemus agrarius) in South Korea
Authors: Jo Yeong‐Seok , Lee Soo‐Rang , Baccus John Thomas , Jung Jongwoo , Forstner Michael R. J. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe cognizing of connectivity among small mammal populations across heterogeneous landscapes is complicated due to complex influences of landscape and anthropogenic factors on gene flow. A landscape genetics approach offers inferences on how landscape features drive population structure. Through a landscape genetics approach, we investigated influences of geographical, environmental, and anthropogenic features on populations of Apodemus agrarius, the striped field mouse, the prime vector of hemorrhagic fever by a landscape genetic approach. We identified landscape features that might affect the population structure of striped field mice by analyzing microsatellite markers of 197 striped field mice from 21 populations throughout South Korea. We developed Maximum‐likelihood population effects models based on landscape distances and resistance matrices and pairwise FST values for meta‐populations of striped field mouse. We also conducted Mantel and partial Mantel tests to investigate geographic patterns of genetic similarities. In Mantel and partial Mantel tests, the FST was significantly correlated with all three models of movement; movement cost, Euclidian distance and least‐cost distance, although the magnitudes of correlations varied. The 4 top‐ranked models included three variables; temperature, precipitation and one human disturbance factor (population). We did not attain a significant effect for anthropogenic factors on genetic similarities among populations in the Korean striped field mouse, but we confirmed a significant association for genetic similarity with climatic features (temperature and precipitation).
Effect of Sexual Intercourse on Lower Extremity Muscle Force in Strength-Trained Men
Authors: Valenti Leah M. , Suchil Claudia , Beltran Gabriel , Rogers Roman C. , Massey Emily A. , Astorino Todd A. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract

Background
Sex has been deemed taboo for athletic performance going back to ancient Rome and Greece, as the act of sex was thought to promote ease and a sense of relaxation.

Aim
This study examined the effect of sexual intercourse completed 12 hours before a bout of isokinetic dynamometry on muscle force production in strength-trained men.

Methods
12 Healthy physically active men (age = 25.6 ± 3.8 years) who were sexually active participated in this study. After men completed a familiarization session on day 1, muscle force was measured during 5 sets of maximal unilateral knee extension (KE) and knee flexion exercise at 30 deg/s after men engaged in or abstained from sexual intercourse within the previous 12 hours. The order of this treatment was randomized across participants, and time of day was maintained across all sessions.

Outcomes
Lower extremity muscle strength and endurance were measured.

Results
Data showed no significant effect (P = .34 and P = .39) of sexual intercourse on peak or average KE or knee flexion torque. For example, after sexual intercourse, KE torque was similar in set 1 (198.9 ± 39.1 ft/lb vs 190.2 ± 28.7 ft/lb) and set 5 (163.2 ± 30.8 ft/lb vs 159.4 ± 35.2 ft/lb) compared to when men abstained from sexual intercourse.

Clinical Translation
Engaging in sexual intercourse on the night before exercise is not detrimental to muscular strength in active men.

Conclusions
This study is strengthened by use of a homogeneous sample of active men as well as precise determination of changes in muscle function via isokinetic dynamometry. However, completion of sexual intercourse was confirmed through self-report rather than direct observation, so it is not certain if participants actually met the requirements of each condition. Results demonstrate that sexual intercourse does not significantly impact lower extremity muscle force, which suggests that restricting sexual activity before short-term, high-force activity is unnecessary.
A Guide to the Use of Museum Collections for Archaeological Research
Authors: Stone Tammy 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACTFrom a perusal of archaeological and museum journals it is apparent that there is a rich literature dealing with topics such as the place of museums and repositories in anthropological research, engagement with indigenous/descendant populations by archaeologists working in a variety of settings (including collections-based research), and research centered on the study of existing archaeological collections. Despite this rich literature, however, the archaeological researcher who wishes to use collections in archives, museums, or repositories for the first time is often perplexed by how to gain access to collections, how to communicate with archive/museum/repository professionals, the constraints that archive/museum/repository professionals work under, and—at an even more basic level—what the difference between an archive, a museum, and a repository actually is. This article addresses some of these questions and provides a practical guide to opening up the vast research opportunities presented by existing collections.
New Governance and Regulation in the Energy Sector: What does the Future Hold for EU Network Codes?
Authors: VLACHOU Charikleia 
Published: May 2018

AbstractEU network codes are legally binding rules related to cross-border and market integration issues and elaborated through a complex procedure set by the third energy package. This article comments on the experience accumulated so far and identifies future challenges by following the “life cycle” of EU network codes from their elaboration phase to the current stage of their implementation.
The prevalence of major mental illness, substance misuse and homelessness in Irish prisoners: systematic review and meta-analyses
Authors: Gulati G. , Keating N. , O’Neill A. , Delaunois I. , Meagher D. , Dunne C. P. 
Published: May 2018

AimsTo systematically review studies from Irish prisons that estimate the prevalence of major mental illness, alcohol and substance misuse, and homelessness at the time of committal.MethodsHealthcare databases were searched for studies quantifying the point prevalence for each outcome of interest. Searches were augmented by scanning of bibliographies and searches of governmental and non-governmental websites. Proportional meta-analyses were completed for each outcome.ResultsWe found eight, six and five studies quantifying the point prevalence of major mental illness, substance misuse, and homelessness respectively. Considerable heterogeneity was found for each subgroup (except psychosis where substantial heterogeneity was observed) and random effects models were used to calculate pooled percentages. The pooled percentage for psychotic disorder was 3.6% [95% confidence interval (CI) 3.0–4.2%], for affective disorder 4.3% (95% CI 2.1–7.1%), for alcohol use disorder 28.3% (95% CI 19.9–37.4%), for substance use disorder 50.9% (95% CI 37.6–64.2%) and for those who were homeless on committal 17.4% (95% CI 8.7–28.4%).ConclusionsEstimates for the prevalence of psychotic illness and substance abuse amongst Irish prisoners are in keeping with international estimates of morbidity in prisons, whilst those for affective disorders are lower. The prevalence of homelessness in committal to Irish prisons is higher than some international estimates. Rates for psychoses, alcohol and substance misuse as well as homelessness in Irish prisons are significantly higher than the general population prevalence of these vulnerabilities. A need for service development is discussed.
Altered brain gyrification in deficit and non-deficit schizophrenia
Authors: Takayanagi Yoichiro , Sasabayashi Daiki , Takahashi Tsutomu , Komori Yuko , Furuichi Atsushi , Kido Mikio , Nishikawa Yumiko , Nakamura Mihoko , Noguchi Kyo , Suzuki Michio 
Published: May 2018

AbstractBackgroundPatients with the deficit form of schizophrenia (D-SZ) are characterized by severe primary negative symptoms and differ from patients with the non-deficit form of schizophrenia (ND-SZ) in several aspects. No study has measured brain gyrification, which is a potential marker of neurodevelopment, in D-SZ and ND-SZ.MethodsWe obtained magnetic resonance scans from 135 schizophrenia patients and 50 healthy controls. The proxy scale for deficit syndrome (PDS) was used for the classification of D-SZ and ND-SZ. The local gyrification index (LGI) of the entire cortex was measured using FreeSurfer. Thirty-seven D-SZ and 36 ND-SZ patients were included in the LGI analyses. We compared LGI across the groups.ResultsSZ patients exhibited hyper-gyral patterns in the bilateral dorsal medial prefrontal and ventromedial prefrontal cortices, bilateral anterior cingulate gyri and right lateral parietal/occipital cortices as compared with HCs. Although patients with D-SZ or ND-SZ had higher LGI in similar regions compared with HC, the hyper-gyral patterns were broader in ND-SZ. ND-SZ patients exhibited a significantly higher LGI in the left inferior parietal lobule relative to D-SZ patients. Duration of illness inversely associated with LGI in broad regions only among ND-SZ patients.ConclusionsThe common hyper-gyral patterns among D-SZ and ND-SZ suggest that D-SZ and ND-SZ may share neurodevelopmental abnormalities. The different degrees of cortical gyrification seen in the left parietal regions, and the distinct correlation between illness chronicity and LGI observed in the prefrontal and insular cortices may be related to the differences in the clinical manifestations among D-SZ and ND-SZ.
Serum anti-tetanus and measles antibody titres in Ugandan children aged 4 months to 6 years: implications for vaccine programme
Authors: Warrener Lenesha , Bwogi Josephine , Andrews Nick , Samuel Dhanraj , Kabaliisa Theopista , Bukenya Henry , Brown Kevin , Roper Martha H , Featherstone David A , Brown David 
Published: May 2018

AbstractTo study the antibody response to tetanus toxoid and measles by age following vaccination in children aged 4 months to 6 years in Entebbe, Uganda. Serum samples were obtained from 113 children aged 4–15 months, at the Mother-Child Health Clinic (MCHC), Entebbe Hospital and from 203 of the 206 children aged between 12 and 75 months recruited through the Outpatients Department (OPD). Antibodies to measles were quantified by plaque reduction neutralisation test (PRNT) and with Siemens IgG EIA. VaccZyme IgG EIA was used to quantify anti-tetanus antibodies. Sera from 96 of 113 (85.0%) children attending the MCHC contained Measles PRNT titres below the protective level (120 mIU/ml). Sera from 24 of 203 (11.8%) children attending the OPD contained PRNT titres <120 mIU/ml. There was no detectable decline in anti-measles antibody concentrations between 1 and 6 years. The anti-tetanus antibody titres in all 113 children attending MCHC and in 189 of 203 (93.1%) children attending the OPD were >0.15 IU/ml by EIA, a level considered protective. The overall concentration of anti-tetanus antibody was sixfold higher in children under 12 months compared with the older children, with geometric mean concentrations of 3.15 IU/ml and 0.49 IU/ml, respectively. For each doubling in age between 4 and 64 months, the anti-tetanus antibody concentration declined by 50%. As time since the administration of the third DTP vaccination doubled, anti-tetanus antibody concentration declined by 39%. The low measles antibody prevalence in the children presenting at the MCHC is consistent with the current measles epidemiology in Uganda, where a significant number of measles cases occur in children under 1 year of age and earlier vaccination may be indicated. The consistent fall in anti-tetanus antibody titre over time following vaccination supports the need for further vaccine boosters at age 4–5 years as recommended by the WHO.
Social contact patterns of infants in deciding vaccination strategy: a prospective, cross-sectional, single-centre study
Authors: Oguz M. M. , Camurdan A. D. , Aksakal F. N. , Akcaboy M. , Altinel Acoglu E. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractSocial contact between individuals is believed to be a fundamental cause in the transmission of many respiratory tract infections. Because they have not yet been fully vaccinated, infants are at high risk for contracting whooping cough, influenza and their serious complications. Therefore, determining infant social contact patterns is an important step in protecting them from respiratory tract infection. This study included 1200 healthy infants (<12 months of age). Social contact diaries were used to estimate the frequency and nature of the infants’ social contacts. This survey also gathered information regarding the infants’ respiratory symptoms and their frequency of attendance at crowded places over a period of 1 week. The diary return rate was 83.8% (N = 1006), and there was a total of 4706 contacts reported for these infants. The median daily contact number per capita was 4 (range 1–18). The median number of contacts with adolescents was 0 (range 0–7). Of the infants, 50.3% had contact with non-household individuals. The mothers had the longest contacts with their babies. Contacts with school children, frequency of attendance at crowded places and age were determined to be significant effective factors for reporting respiratory symptoms. Results suggest that school-age siblings and the mothers should be primarily vaccinated, and parents should keep their babies away from crowded places for protecting their infants.
UNFOLDING PARALLEL REASONING IN ISLAMIC JURISPRUDENCE
Authors: Rahman Shahid , Iqbal Muhammad 
Published: May 2018

AbstractOne of the epistemological results emerging from this initial study is that the different forms of co-relational inference, known in the Islamic jurisprudence as qiyās, represent an innovative and sophisticated form of reasoning that not only provides new epistemological insights into legal reasoning in general but also furnishes a fine-grained pattern for parallel reasoning which can be deployed in a wide range of problem-solving contexts and does not seem to reduce to the standard forms of analogical argumentation studied in contemporary philosophy of science. However, in the present paper we will only discuss the case of so-called co-relational inferences of the occasioning factor and only in the context of Islamic jurisprudence.
Sustainability and the financial system Review of literature 2015
Authors: Aspinall N. G. , Jones S. R. , McNeill E. H. , Werner R. A. , Zalk T. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractMuch actuarial work is underpinned by the use of economic models derived from mainstream academic theories of finance and economics which treat money as being a neutral medium of exchange. The sustainability of a financial system whose understanding is based on a limited view of the role of money has increasingly been subject to criticism. In order to identify needed research programmes to address such criticisms and improve these disciplines, we sought to understand the current state of knowledge in economics and finance concerning the link between monetary and financial factors and sustainability. We have approached this through a search for relevant literature published in the highest-rated academic journals in economics, finance and the social sciences for titles and abstracts containing both references to the financial system on the one hand, and sustainability and environmental factors on the other. The systematic search of a universe of 125 journals and 355,000 articles yielded the finding that surprisingly few research papers jointly address these concepts. Nevertheless, we find that current research shares a broad consensus that the implications of the growth-oriented economic model results in an increasingly interconnected and fragile financial system whose participants are not incentivised to fully recognise the natural environment and resource constraints. We further observe that the prescriptions offered are relatively limited and small-scale in their outlook and that there is a vital need for further research, particularly for actuaries who are required to take a longer-term outlook. The Resource and Environment Board has supported this work with two key objectives: first, to identify research that may have direct application to actuarial work and, second, to identify gaps in academic research that would help drive the Institute and Faculty of Actuaries’ own research agenda. With this in mind there are three further areas of potential actuarial research. These are the policy aim of pursuing growth without limit within a finite ecosystem; discount factors as the primary means of capital allocation and investment decisions; and the use of gross domestic product as the key metric of economic activity and success. We also conclude that further academic research is urgently needed to understand the sustainability of the banking and monetary system.
RANDOM SPARSE SAMPLING IN A GIBBS WEIGHTED TREE AND PHASE TRANSITIONS
Authors: Barral Julien , Seuret Stéphane 
Published: May 2018

Let $\unicode[STIX]{x1D707}$ be the projection on $[0,1]$ of a Gibbs measure on $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6F4}=\{0,1\}^{\mathbb{N}}$ (or more generally a Gibbs capacity) associated with a Hölder potential. The thermodynamic and multifractal properties of $\unicode[STIX]{x1D707}$ are well known to be linked via the multifractal formalism. We study the impact of a random sampling procedure on this structure. More precisely, let $\{{I_{w}\}}_{w\in \unicode[STIX]{x1D6F4}^{\ast }}$ stand for the collection of dyadic subintervals of $[0,1]$ naturally indexed by the finite dyadic words. Fix $\unicode[STIX]{x1D702}\in (0,1)$, and a sequence $(p_{w})_{w\in \unicode[STIX]{x1D6F4}^{\ast }}$ of independent Bernoulli variables of parameters $2^{-|w|(1-\unicode[STIX]{x1D702})}$. We consider the (very sparse) remaining values $\widetilde{\unicode[STIX]{x1D707}}=\{\unicode[STIX]{x1D707}(I_{w}):w\in \unicode[STIX]{x1D6F4}^{\ast },p_{w}=1\}$. We study the geometric and statistical information associated with $\widetilde{\unicode[STIX]{x1D707}}$, and the relation between $\widetilde{\unicode[STIX]{x1D707}}$ and $\unicode[STIX]{x1D707}$. To do so, we construct a random capacity $\mathsf{M}_{\unicode[STIX]{x1D707}}$ from $\widetilde{\unicode[STIX]{x1D707}}$. This new object fulfills the multifractal formalism, and its free energy is closely related to that of $\unicode[STIX]{x1D707}$. Moreover, the free energy of $\mathsf{M}_{\unicode[STIX]{x1D707}}$ generically exhibits one first order and one second order phase transition, while that of $\unicode[STIX]{x1D707}$ is analytic. The geometry of $\mathsf{M}_{\unicode[STIX]{x1D707}}$ is deeply related to the combination of approximation by dyadic numbers with geometric properties of Gibbs measures. The possibility to reconstruct $\unicode[STIX]{x1D707}$ from $\widetilde{\unicode[STIX]{x1D707}}$ by using the almost multiplicativity of $\unicode[STIX]{x1D707}$ and concatenation of words is discussed as well.