bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long‐term prognosis of epilepsy in patients with cerebral palsy
Authors: Tsubouchi Yoshiko , Tanabe Ayako , Saito Yoshiaki , Noma Hisashi , Maegaki Yoshihiro 
Published: March 2019

AimTo assess the long‐term natural course and prognosis of epilepsy in patients with cerebral palsy (CP).MethodWe retrospectively collected data for 72 patients (36 males, 36 females) withCPwho had epilepsy who visited our institutions between 1980 and 2015. The data from medical records, electroencephalography (EEG), and neuroimaging findings were reviewed. Time‐to‐event statistical analyses were performed to analyse the remission outcome and the Cox regression model was used for multivariate analyses.ResultsMedian age at onset of epilepsy was 2 years 0 months, and 17 years 0 months at the latest follow‐up. In total, 34 patients (47%, 0.043 per person‐year) achieved seizure remission at a median age of 11 years 0 months. Favourable factors for seizure remission included older age, motor disability being able to roll over/crawl but not able to sit, intellectual disability with anIQbetween 36 and 70, normal findings on neuroimaging, andCPtype other than spastic quadriplegia. In multivariate analysis, spastic quadriplegia was found to be associated with continued seizure activity. Antiepileptic drugs could be discontinued without relapse in 10 patients at a median age of 16 years 6 months, occurring 11 years 6 months after the onset of epilepsy. The drugs were terminated if the patient was aged at least 10 years and had perinatal causative aetiology and normalization or amelioration of epileptiform discharges onEEG.InterpretationThe remission rate of epilepsy inCPincreases up to young adulthood, and termination of antiepileptic drugs can be considered in selected cases at older ages.What this paper addsThe remission rate of epilepsy in cerebral palsy increases up to 20 years after onset.In some cases, antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) can be terminated without relapse.Older age, perinatal aetiology, and improvement on electroencephalography are favourable factors for terminating AEDs.
Submandibular gland botulinum neurotoxin A injection for predicting the outcome of submandibular duct relocation in drooling: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Kok Saskia E , van Valenberg Hans F J P , van Hulst Karen , Jongerius Peter , Erasmus Corrie E , van den Hoogen Frank J A 
Published: March 2019

AimThis study evaluated whether the effect of submandibular gland botulinum neurotoxin A (BoNT‐A) injection can predict the outcome of submandibular duct relocation with sublingual gland excision (SMDR) in children with drooling. Furthermore, we compared the effectiveness of both procedures.MethodA retrospective cohort study was performed in 42 children and adolescents (25 males, 17 females; mean [SD] age at BoNT‐A injection 11y [4], range 4–20y; mean [SD] age at SMDR 15y [4], range 7–23y) with cerebral palsy or another non‐progressive developmental disability who had undergone both BoNT‐A injection and SMDR for drooling. Main outcomes were the drooling quotient and the visual analogue scale (VAS) on drooling severity at 8 weeks and 32 weeks follow‐up.ResultsFailure or success of previous BoNT‐A injections had no influence on success of consecutive SMDR. Relative change in main outcomes showed no significant relation between BoNT‐A injection and SMDR for any follow‐up measurement. After 8 weeks, SMDR was more successful than BoNT‐A injection in diminishing VAS (VAS 80.0% vs 54.3%; drooling quotient 56.2% vs 51.0%). After 32 weeks, both drooling quotient (64.3% vs 29.5%) and VAS (75.7% vs 37.1%) showed significantly higher proportions of success for SMDR.InterpretationThe effect of submandibular BoNT‐A injection does not predict subsequent SMDR success in drooling. Furthermore, SMDR has a larger and longer‐lasting positive effect on drooling than BoNT‐A injections.What this paper adds

Submandibular botulinum neurotoxin A (BoNT‐A) injection effect does not predict submandibular duct relocation with sublingual gland excision outcome.

Submandibular duct relocation is more effective and more permanent than BoNT‐A injection.
Pain coping strategies in children with cerebral palsy
Authors: Chaleat‐Valayer Emmanuelle , Roumenoff Fabienne , Bard‐Pondarre Rachel , Ganne Christell , Verdun Stephane , Lucet Aurelie , Bernard Jean‐Claude 
Published: March 2019

AimTo describe coping strategies in children and adolescents with cerebral palsy (CP), relative to age.MethodPatients were prospectively recruited from two paediatric rehabilitation centres in France. The Pediatric Pain Coping Inventory – French and Structured Pain Questionnaire were completed by an experienced professional for each child.ResultsOne hundred and forty‐two children with CP were included (80 males, 62 females; median age 12y; IQR=8–15y). They generally used fewer coping strategies than typically developing children (‘Seeks social support and action’: 12.47 vs 12.85, p=0.477; ‘Cognitive self‐instruction’: 9.28 vs 10.90, p<0.001; ‘Distraction’: 4.89 vs 7.00, p<0.001; ‘Problem solving’: 4.43 vs 5.19, p<0.001). In the CP group, ‘Seeks social support and action’ decreased with age (p=0.021) and ‘Cognitive self‐instruction’ increased with age (p<0.001). ‘Problem solving’ and ‘Distraction’ did not change with age. Coping strategies were influenced by Gross Motor Function Classification System level (p=0.022) and history of surgery (p=0.002).InterpretationChildren with CP generally used fewer coping strategies than typically developing children and tended to rely on social support. Use of active strategies increased with age; however, they appeared later than in typically developing children and were used to a lesser extent.What this paper adds

Children with cerebral palsy (CP) use fewer pain‐coping strategies than typically developing children.

Children with CP tend to use social support to cope with pain.

Children with CP learn more appropriate strategies from previous painful experiences.

Active coping strategies appear later but remain underused in children with CP.
The adaptive potential of plant populations in response to extreme climate events
Authors: Torres‐Martínez Lorena , McCarten Niall , Emery Nancy C. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe frequency and magnitude of extreme climate events are increasing with global change, yet we lack predictions and empirical evidence for the ability of wild populations to persist and adapt in response to these events. Here, we used Fisher's Fundamental Theorem of Natural Selection to evaluate the adaptive potential of Lasthenia fremontii, a herbaceous winter annual that is endemic to seasonally flooded wetlands in California, to alternative flooding regimes that occur during El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events. The results indicate that populations may exhibit greater adaptive potential in response to dry years than wet years, and that the relative performance of populations will change across climate scenarios. More generally, our findings show that extreme climate events can substantially change the potential for populations to adapt to climate change by modulating the expression of standing genetic variation and mean fitness.
Anxiety and depression symptoms disrupt resting state connectivity in patients with genetic generalized epilepsies
Authors: Garcia Danielle dos Santos , Polydoro Marina Sconzo , Alvim Marina Kutsodontis Machado , Ishikawa Akari , Moreira José Carlos Vasques , Nogueira Mateus Henrique , Zanão Tamires Araújo , de Campos Brunno Machado , Betting Luiz Eduardo Gomes Garcia , Cendes Fernando , Yasuda Clarissa L. 
Published: March 2019

SummaryObjectiveTo analyze the lifetime trajectories in genetic generalized epilepsies (GGEs) and investigate the impact of symptoms of anxiety and depression on resting state functional connectivity (FC).MethodsSeventy‐four GGE patients were classified according to the pharmacological response as seizure‐free (12 patients), pharmacoresistant (PhR; 14 patients), and fluctuating (FL; 48 patients). Fifty‐four subjects completed both the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), and 38 also underwent 3‐T resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging. These 38 patients were subdivided into a positive group (13 patients with concurrent symptoms of depression and anxiety) and a negative group (21 asymptomatic patients and four with mild anxiety or depression symptoms). For FC analysis of resting state networks, we matched 38 healthy asymptomatic volunteers and used the UF2C toolbox running on MATLAB2017/SPM12.ResultsThe PhR group presented shorter duration of epilepsy (P = 0.016) and follow‐up (P < 0.001) compared to the FL group. The PhR group showed higher levels (median = 20) on the BAI and BDI. Myoclonic seizures were the most difficult to control, as 50% of subjects persisted with them at last appointment, compared to generalized tonic–clonic seizures and absence seizures (<40%). Patients with concurrent anxiety and depression symptoms were 7.7 times more likely to exhibit pharmacoresistant seizures, although an increase of 1 year of epilepsy duration was associated with a decrease in the odds of presenting pharmacoresistance by a factor of 0.9. Overall, FC was altered between default mode network (DMN) and visuospatial/dorsal attention. However, only the positive group displayed abnormal FC between DMN and left executive control network, and between salience and visuospatial/dorsal attention.SignificanceOur findings may help clinicians to have a better understanding of GGE clinical course and increase attention to the potential relationship of psychopathologies and brain connectivity.
Differences in plasma and peritoneal fluid proteomes identifies potential biomarkers associated with survival following strangulating small intestinal disease
Authors: Bardell D. , Milner P. I. , Goljanek‐Whysall K. , Peffers M. J. 
Published: March 2019

SummaryBackgroundStrangulating small intestinal disease (SSID) carries a poor prognosis for survival in comparison to other types of colic, particularly if resection is required. Identification of markers which aid early diagnosis may prevent the need for resection, assist with more accurate prognostication and/or support the decision on whether surgical intervention is likely to be successful, would be of significant welfare benefit.ObjectivesTo apply an unbiased methodology to investigate the plasma and peritoneal fluid proteomes in horses diagnosed with SSID requiring resection, to identify novel biomarkers which may be of diagnostic or prognostic value.Study designProspective clinical study.MethodsPlasma and peritoneal fluid from horses presented with acute abdominal signs consistent with SSID was collected at initial clinical examination. Samples from eight horses diagnosed with SSID at surgery in which resection of affected bowel was performed and four control horses subjected to euthanasia for orthopaedic conditions were submitted for liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Protein expression profiles were determined using label‐free quantification. Data were analysed using analysis of variance to identify differentially expressed proteins between control and all SSID horses and SSID horses which survived to hospital discharge and those which did not. Significance was assumed at P≤0.05.ResultsA greater number of proteins were identified in peritoneal fluid than plasma of both SSID cases and controls, with 123 peritoneal fluid and 13 plasma proteins significantly differentially expressed (DE) between cases and controls (P<0.05, ≥2 fold change). Twelve peritoneal fluid proteins (P<0.036) and four plasma proteins (P<0.05) were significantly DE between SSID horses which survived and those which did not.Main limitationsA low number of samples were analysed, there was variation in duration and severity of SSID and only short‐term outcome was considered.ConclusionsChanges in peritoneal fluid proteome may provide a sensitive indicator of small intestinal strangulation and provide biomarkers relevant to prognosis.
Radiative forcing of methane fluxes offsets net carbon dioxide uptake for a tropical flooded forest
Authors: Dalmagro Higo J. , Zanella de Arruda Paulo H. , Vourlitis George L. , Lathuillière Michael J. , de S. Nogueira José , Couto Eduardo G. , Johnson Mark S. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractWetlands are important sources of methane (CH4) and sinks of carbon dioxide (CO2). However, little is known about CH4 and CO2 fluxes and dynamics of seasonally flooded tropical forests of South America in relation to local carbon (C) balances and atmospheric exchange. We measured net ecosystem fluxes of CH4 and CO2 in the Pantanal over 2014–2017 using tower‐based eddy covariance along with C measurements in soil, biomass and water. Our data indicate that seasonally flooded tropical forests are potentially large sinks for CO2 but strong sources of CH4, particularly during inundation when reducing conditions in soils increase CH4 production and limit CO2 release. During inundation when soils were anaerobic, the flooded forest emitted 0.11 ± 0.002 g CH4‐C m−2 d−1 and absorbed 1.6 ± 0.2 g CO2‐C m−2 d−1 (mean ± 95% confidence interval for the entire study period). Following the recession of floodwaters, soils rapidly became aerobic and CH4 emissions decreased significantly (0.002 ± 0.001 g CH4‐C m−2 d−1) but remained a net source, while the net CO2 flux flipped from being a net sink during anaerobic periods to acting as a source during aerobic periods. CH4 fluxes were 50 times higher in the wet season; DOC was a minor component in the net ecosystem carbon balance. Daily fluxes of CO2 and CH4 were similar in all years for each season, but annual net fluxes varied primarily in relation to flood duration. While the ecosystem was a net C sink on an annual basis (absorbing 218 g C m−2 (as CH4‐C + CO2‐C) in anaerobic phases and emitting 76 g C m−2in aerobic phases), high CH4 effluxes during the anaerobic flooded phase and modest CH4 effluxes during the aerobic phase indicate that seasonally flooded tropical forests can be a net source of radiative forcings on an annual basis, thus acting as an amplifying feedback on global warming.
Warming impacts on boreal fen CO2 exchange under wet and dry conditions
Authors: Laine Anna M. , Mäkiranta Päivi , Laiho Raija , Mehtätalo Lauri , Penttilä Timo , Korrensalo Aino , Minkkinen Kari , Fritze Hannu , Tuittila Eeva‐Stiina 
Published: March 2019

AbstractNorthern peatlands form a major soil carbon (C) stock. With climate change, peatland C mineralization is expected to increase, which in turn would accelerate climate change. A particularity of peatlands is the importance of soil aeration, which regulates peatland functioning and likely modulates the responses to warming climate. Our aim is to assess the impacts of warming on a southern boreal and a sub‐arctic sedge fen carbon dioxide (CO2) exchange under two plausible water table regimes: wet and moderately dry. We focused this study on minerotrophic treeless sedge fens, as they are common peatland types at boreal and (sub)arctic areas, which are expected to face the highest rates of climate warming. In addition, fens are expected to respond to environmental changes faster than the nutrient poor bogs. Our study confirmed that CO2 exchange is more strongly affected by drying than warming. Experimental water level draw‐down (WLD) significantly increased gross photosynthesis and ecosystem respiration. Warming alone had insignificant impacts on the CO2 exchange components, but when combined with WLD it further increased ecosystem respiration. In the southern fen, CO2 uptake decreased due to WLD, which was amplified by warming, while at northern fen it remained stable. As a conclusion, our results suggest that a very small difference in the WLD may be decisive, whether the C sink of a fen decreases, or whether the system is able to adapt within its regime and maintain its functions. Moreover, the water table has a role in determining how much the increased temperature impacts the CO2 exchange.
The value of a craft brewery: On the relationship between craft breweries and property values
Authors: Nilsson Isabelle , Reid Neil 
Published: March 2019

AbstractRecent literature and public discourse emphasize the role of craft breweries in the revitalization process of economically distressed neighborhoods across the U.S. With this, many are reporting rising property values in areas surrounding craft breweries. This research examines the impacts of craft breweries on both residential and commercial property values in a case study of Charlotte, North Carolina. Estimating a series of hedonic models which incorporate a difference‐in‐difference estimator, we find that craft breweries have a positive impact on residential property values. While many areas in close proximity to a craft brewery appear to have been associated with relatively higher price premiums even before the opening of the brewery, breweries tend to add to this premium, especially in center‐city neighborhoods. We find no significant impacts on commercial property values. These results are informative to policy makers considering revising zoning laws and other regulations in efforts to promote the growth of craft breweries and spur economic development in their local economies.
Structure‐function relationship between a natural cosmetic active ingredient and the olfactory receptor OR2AT4
Authors: Verzeaux L. , Richer S. , Viguier J. , Gofflo S. , Boudier D. , Aymard E. , Closs B. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractObjectiveAlthough the olfactory receptor OR2AT4 was described as involved in epidermal renewal, there is no data about a cosmetic active ingredient activating this receptor. The aim of this research work was thus to identify a natural molecule binding to this receptor in order to stimulate keratinocyte migration.MethodsFor this purpose, natural molecules were extracted from Cocos nucifera flour. Then, efficacy of this natural extract was evaluated on keratinocyte migration in vitro. Molecules of the Cocos nucifera flour extract were then identified by UPLC‐MS/MS. Molecular docking was finally conducted to investigate the potential interaction between identified molecules and the olfactory receptor OR2AT4.ResultsThe Cocos nucifera flour extract significantly increased keratinocyte migration and results demonstrated that this effect was mediated by the olfactory receptor OR2AT4. Metabolomic analysis revealed two molecules, nonioside D and butyl 4‐O‐alpha‐D‐glucopyranosyl‐beta‐D‐glucopyranoside, as significantly present in the Cocos nucifera flour extract compared to both Cocos nucifera oil and water. Finally, molecular docking revealed that butyl 4‐O‐alpha‐D‐glucopyranosyl‐beta‐D‐glucopyranoside could interact with the extracellular domain 2 of the OR2AT4.ConclusionThis study highlighted for the first time a natural molecule, extracted from Cocos nucifera flour, able to interact with the olfactory receptor OR2AT4 and promote the keratinocyte migration and thus the epithelialization.
Empowering migrant domestic helpers through financial education
Authors: Zhou Huiquan , Dai Haijing , Jung Nahri 
Published: March 2019

The provision of financial education for migrant domestic helpers is an important service that could enhance their financial well‐being and the well‐being of their families. However, in that migrant domestic helpers are often excluded from protection in the host country, such services are few and empirical research in this area is rare. In this article, we report the findings of an evaluation study on a financial literacy education programme provided by a Hong Kong organisation serving Filipina and Indonesian migrant domestic workers. Using a quasi‐experimental design, we confirmed the effectiveness of the programme. Participants who attended the programme developed improved financial knowledge and behaviour. Their general self‐efficacy and financial self‐efficacy were also enhanced.Key Practitioner Message: • Migrant domestic helpers’ financial well‐being is enhanced through intensive financial education in financial knowledge and behaviour; • Migrant domestic helpers’ self‐efficacy is strengthened through peer discussion of financial education; • Effective services for migrant workers in the host country need to be in the migrants’ native language and be culturally sensitive.
Evaluation of rare‐earth element dopants (Sm and Er) on ablation resistance of ZrB2/SiC‐sintered billets
Authors: Peña Angel A. , Vernon Jonathan P. , Trice Rodney W. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractIn this paper, how rare‐earth element dopants (samarium and erbium) affect the scale development of sintered ZrB2/SiC (ZBS) samples during ablation testing was investigated. ZBS billets with five different Sm to Er ratios, with a nominal total amount of 3 mol% dopant incorporated, were prepared by sintering in vacuum to 2000°C and subjected to 60 and 300 seconds ablation cycles. Differences in surface temperatures between ZBS samples with different dopant ratios suggests differences in spectral absorptance/emittance between each of the five compositions investigated. ZBS billets co‐doped with Sm and Er form a beneficial c1‐(Sm/Er)0.2Zr0.8O1.9 oxide scale as the majority phase, with some glassy phase observed. The crystalline c1‐(Sm/Er)0.2Zr0.8O1.9 oxide scale is more thermally stable than the m‐ZrO2 oxide scale typically formed in oxidized ZBS systems, resulting in a more adherent oxide scale to the unreacted material. The crystalline oxide scale and the amorphous phase are formed by a convection cell mechanism where the c1‐(Sm/Er)0.2Zr0.8O1.9 crystalline islands precipitate, grow, and coalesce.
Large‐scale growth of patterned SiC nanowire arrays and their field emission performance
Authors: Yang Wenyou , Wang Wei , Xie Chunxiao 
Published: March 2019

AbstractFabrication of patterned one‐dimensional (1D) nanostructures was recognized as the key process for the construction of functional display devices. In current investigation, we put forward the large‐scale and uniform growth of patterned 3C‐SiC nanowire arrays assisted by the patterned Au catalysts on SiC wafer substrate. The as‐fabricated SiC nanowires presented tapered configuration with a typical bamboo‐like body as well as clear and sharp tips. The as‐fabricated SiC nanoarray cathode has outstanding field emission (FE) characteristic that has a low turn‐on field (Eto) of ~ 1.54 V/μm. The mechanism for their electron emission behaviors has been proposed.
Effects of Potassium Chloride‐Induced Stress on the Carotenoids Canthaxanthin, Astaxanthin, and Lipid Accumulations in the Green Chlorococcal Microalga Strain TISTR 9500
Authors: Janchot Kantima , Rauytanapanit Monrawat , Honda Masaki , Hibino Takashi , Sirisattha Sophon , Praneenararat Thanit , Kageyama Hakuto , Waditee‐Sirisattha Rungaroon 
Published: March 2019

AbstractMicroalgae are a diverse group of photosynthetic eukaryotic organisms that are widely distributed globally. They are prolific sources of highly valuable compounds with fascinating chemical structures. Due to their balanced nutritional compositions and health benefits, they are increasingly being used as functional food ingredients. Carotenoid‐based pigments and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are examples of high‐value nutrients that can be accumulated abundantly in microalgae. Here, the effects of potassium chloride‐induced stress on the productions of lipids and carotenoids in the green microalga of the Chlorococcaceae family were investigated. Under normal BG11 medium, this green microalga strain TISTR 9500 accumulated high levels of PUFA and primary carotenoid lutein. Stress tests revealed that KCl enhanced and modulated lipid and carotenoid accumulation levels. The liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐MS/MS) analysis revealed that secondary carotenoids astaxanthin and canthaxanthin were robustly produced under KCl stress with the similar content of lutein. Further, this stress led to a significant increase in the total FA amount with the higher proportion of unsaturated FA than saturated FA. Thus, this green microalga could be an attractive and alternative natural biosource for canthaxanthin and astaxanthin, as well as for functional lipids.