bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oral Hygiene Status and Psychological Factors Among Sheltered Adolescents in Recife
Authors: Vasconcelos Gabriela Brito , de Melo José Rodolfo Tavares , Barreira Alice Kelly , Colares Viviane 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo investigate the association between oral hygiene status and psychological factors among foster adolescents in Recife.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study was carried out in Recife in 10 shelters for adolescents aged 10–17 years. After obtaining ethics approval, the adolescents were clinically examined. Their oral hygiene was recorded using the simplified oral hygiene index (OHI), and they were asked about their oral hygiene and visits to the dentist. They were also asked about anxiety, depression and stress (DASS‐21). The results were statistically analysed using the chi‐squared and Fisher's exact test or odds ratios, as appropriate.ResultsEighty‐one adolescents, of whom 56 were males and 25 were females, participated in the study. They had been admitted to shelters 2–6 months before because they had been neglected and/or abandoned and/or were homeless. Only 8.6% had visited a dentist in the previous 12 months. Seventy‐eight (94%) had access to toothbrushes and toothpaste and performed daily oral hygiene. Seventy‐one (88%) reported anxiety, 69 (85%) depression and 74 (91%) stress. There was no association between these three factors and OHI. Several factors, including the region of origin (p = 0.434) and time living in the shelter (p = 0.0303), were associated with stress.ConclusionsAttention should be given to adolescents living in shelters to ensure their good oral hygiene and regular visits to the dentist, especially those who have suffered abuse/violence/exploitation. They must also be given mental health assistance.
Feasibility and Clinical Efficacy of Focal Pulsed Field Ablation in Patients With Non‐Pulmonary Vein Triggered Atrial Arrhythmia From the Superior Caval Vein
Authors: Keelani Ahmad , Alothman Obaida , Borisov Georgi , Frommhold Markus , Bartoli Lorenzo , Abdelwahab Hytham , D'Ambrosio Gabriele , Shehri Sultan Al , Raffa Santi , Geller J. Christoph 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionIn patients with atrial arrhythmias originating from the superior vena cava (SVC), the use of radiofrequency energy to isolate the SVC is associated with a significant risk of injury both to the phrenic nerve and the sinus node. Pulsed field ablation (PFA) may overcome the disadvantages of thermal energy and improve both ablation efficacy and safety.ObjectiveWe report the feasibility, safety, and clinical efficacy of focal monopolar PFA in patients with the origin of their atrial arrhythmia in the SVC.MethodsNine patients (7 men, age 66 ± 8 years) with SVC‐induced paroxysmal AF (n = 3), persistent AF (n = 5), or frequent premature atrial beats (n = 1) underwent SVC isolation using focal monopolar PFA.ResultsAcute circumferential SVC isolation was achieved in all cases, using 22 Ampere (A) or 25 A in areas with or without phrenic capture, respectively. The safety profile was excellent: two patients had transient sinus arrest and two had transient phrenic nerve stunning. Sinus node and phrenic nerve function recovered during the procedure, and no permanent damage was observed at follow‐up. Coronary vasospasm occurred (and quickly resolved after injection of nitroglycerin) in one patient during additional ablation of a focal atrial tachycardia at the coronary sinus ostium. Kidney function remained stable before and after ablation in all patients.ConclusionsIn this patient cohort with SVC‐triggered atrial arrhythmia, isolation using focal monopolar PFA was feasible, effective, and safe. No permanent injury to the phrenic nerve or sinus node was observed.
Exploring brain perfusion in dogs with meningoencephalitis of unknown origin: A promising role for arterial spin labeling imaging
Authors: Arti Léa , Gnirs Kirsten , Papageorgiou Stella , Ruel Yannick , Agoulon Albert , Boddaert Nathalie , Gaillot Hugues 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundArterial spin labeling (ASL) is a noninvasive brain perfusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique that has not been assessed in dogs with meningoencephalitis of unknown origin (MUO).Hypothesis/ObjectivesAssess brain perfusion changes characteristics before and after medical treatment, and investigate the role of ASL perfusion in the diagnosis and prognosis of MUO in dogs.AnimalsThirty‐one dogs with presumed MUO.MethodsProspective study. Each animal had brain MRI including standard and ASL perfusion sequences at presentation and after treatment of 3 months or longer. Brain perfusion characteristics were assessed visually and by cerebral blood flow (CBF) measurements. Perfusion characteristics were compared pre‐ and post‐treatment.ResultsDogs with MUO had preferential localization of lesions in optic nerves (ONs) and brainstem. At presentation, one third of the dogs with MUO had focal brain perfusion alterations and two‐thirds had global brain hypoperfusion. Both focal and global brain perfusion changes resolved after treatment in all surviving dogs. Arterial spin labeling failed to predict prognosis.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceBrain ASL perfusion in dogs with MUO demonstrated the value of ASL in the diagnosis and follow‐up of the condition, suggesting the value of adding ASL to the clinical evaluation in dogs with suspected MUO. Preferential lesion localization in ON and brainstem resembled findings in the central nervous system of human patients with inflammatory demyelinating diseases. Future studies with histopathological confirmation are needed to better characterize the benefits of ASL in the different subtypes of non‐infectious encephalomyelitis in dogs.
Phylosymbiosis and Elevated Cancer Risk in Genetically Depauperate Channel Island Foxes
Authors: DeCandia Alexandra L. , Lu Jasmine , Hamblen Emily E. , Brenner Lara J. , King Julie L. , Gagorik Calypso N. , Schamel Juliann T. , Baker Stacy S. , Ferrara Francesca J. , Booker Melissa , Bridges Andrew , Carrasco Cesar , vonHoldt Bridgett M. , Koepfli Klaus‐Peter , Maldonado Jesús E. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTExamination of the host‐associated microbiome in wildlife can provide critical insights into the eco‐evolutionary factors driving species diversification and response to disease. This is particularly relevant for isolated populations lacking genomic variation, a phenomenon that is increasingly common as human activities create habitat ‘islands’ for wildlife. Here, we characterised the gut and otic microbial communities of one such species: Channel Island foxes (Urocyon littoralis). The gut microbiome provided evidence of phylosymbiosis by reflecting the host phylogeny, geographic proximity, history of island colonisation and contemporary ecological differences, whereas the otic microbiome primarily reflected geography and disease. Santa Catalina Island foxes are uniquely predisposed to ceruminous gland tumours following infection with Otodectes cynotis ear mites, while San Clemente and San Nicolas Island foxes exhibit ear mite infections without evidence of tumours. Comparative analyses of otic microbiomes revealed that mite‐infected Santa Catalina and San Clemente Island foxes exhibited reduced bacterial diversity, skewed abundance towards the opportunistic pathogen Staphylococcus pseudintermedius and disrupted microbial community networks. However, Santa Catalina Island foxes uniquely harboured Fusobacterium and Prevotella bacteria as potential keystone taxa. These bacteria have previously been associated with colorectal cancer and may predispose Santa Catalina Island foxes to an elevated cancer risk. In contrast, mite‐infected San Nicolas Island foxes maintained high bacterial diversity and robust microbial community networks, suggesting that they harbour more resilient microbiomes. Considered together, our results highlight the diverse eco‐evolutionary factors influencing commensal microbial communities and their hosts and underscore how the microbiome can contribute to disease outcomes.
Multistep Algorithm to Predict RVOT PVC Site of Origin for Successful Ablation Using Available Criteria: A Two‐Center Cross‐Validation Study
Authors: Amadis Muhammad Rafdi , Lo Li‐Wei , Salim Simon , Yamin Muhammad , Lin Yenn‐Jiang , Chang Shih‐Lin , Hu Yu‐Feng , Chung Fa‐Po , Sukardi Rubiana , Lin Chin‐Yu , Chang Ting‐Yung , Kuo Ling , Pramudita Angga , Liu Chih‐Min , Liu Shin‐Huei , Wu Cheng‐I , Huang Yu‐Shan , Nguyen Dinh Son Ngoc , Tran Dat Cao , Chen Shih‐Ann 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundPredicting premature ventricular contraction (PVC) origin pre‐ablation is a fundamental step, as right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) PVC often leads to higher success rates.ObjectiveTo compare nine published ECG criteria to differentiate between RVOT and non‐RVOT origins of PVCs and develop a stepwise algorithm using those criteria to better determine PVC origin to predict ablation success.MethodsTwo centers were involved in this study, the derivation group and the validation group. The derivation group included 65 patients with PVC left bundle branch block (LBBB) pattern morphology (predominantly negative in lead V1) and inferior axis (predominantly positive in leads II and III), who underwent ablation at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital (RSCM) (2017–2022). The validation group included 291 patients who underwent ablation at the Taipei Veteran General Hospital (2020–2023). We calculated and compared six diagnostic accuracy measures from nine previously published ECG morphology criteria to develop an algorithm to enhance the accuracy of predicting RVOT PVC origin for successful ablation.ResultsOur multistep algorithm using Criteria 5, 8, and 1 enhanced diagnostic performance compared to using each criterion alone. The accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity in the derivation group were 86.2%, 93.6%, and 66.7%, respectively; those in the validation group were 85.9%, 90.8%, and 64.7%, respectively. The ROC curve AUCs were 0.802 and 0.775, respectively.ConclusionIn cases of inferior axis and LBBB pattern PVCs, a multistep algorithm using multiple criteria increases the accuracy of predicting RVOT PVC origin instead of using a single criterion.
Association Between Melanoma Metastasis and Metabolic Syndrome: A Cross‐Sectional Study in a Chinese Population
Authors: Sha Shanshan , Sun Shuomin , Dong Liyun , Wei Haoran , Chen Weiyu , Dong Enzhu , Li Lu , Lan Jiajia , Li Jun , Yang Liu , Chen Yong , Tao Juan 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTMetabolic syndrome (MetS) remains a significant global public health concern. However, the relationship between MetS, its individual components and melanoma metastasis remains unexplored. We analysed the clinical data of 258 Chinese melanoma patients who had not undergo systemic therapy. Binary logistic regression, adjusted for sex and age, was employed to evaluate the connection between MetS and its components and melanoma metastasis. Of the 258 melanoma patients, 92 met the MetS criteria upon diagnosis. No direct association between MetS and melanoma metastasis was identified. However, specific components of MetS, namely low HDL‐cholesterol levels (OR = 2.85, 95% CI:1.50–5.41, p < 0.05) and dysglycaemia (OR = 4.23, 95% CI:1.80–8.96, p < 0.05), were associated with melanoma metastasis. In subgroup analysis, hypertriglyceridemia correlated with melanoma metastasis in non‐elderly patients (< 65 years) (OR = 2.69, 95% CI: 1.14–6.33, p < 0.05). Central obesity and hypertension showed no association. A dose–response analysis further indicated that melanoma metastasis risk escalated with increasing fasting blood glucose and blood triglyceride concentrations, and with decreasing blood HDL concentration. Our results suggest that monitoring and managing individual components of the MetS, particularly HDL‐cholesterol levels, fasting glucose and triglyceride levels, may have potential prognostic benefits for melanoma in the Chinese population.
Ambulatory autonomic nervous system activity in relation to hearing impairment
Authors: Huizinga Nicole A. , Keur‐Huizinga Laura , van de Ven Sjors , van Dijk Wieke , Versfeld Niek J. , Zekveld Adriana A. , Kramer Sophia E. , de Geus Eco J. C. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPrevious research has demonstrated that hearing impairment is associated with heightened subjective experiences of listening effort, fatigue, and stress, impacting daily functioning. This study aimed to evaluate whether hearing impairment alters physiological stress systems and whether different aspects of hearing impairment could vary in predicting dysregulation in these systems. Hallmark measures of parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous system activity were derived from electrocardiography, impedance cardiography, and electrodermal activity recordings taken from 133 individuals, aged 37 to 73, over two 24‐hr periods, including sleep. Using ecological momentary assessment (EMA), participants reported mood, listening effort, and fatigue seven times daily. Hearing impairment was quantified through pure tone thresholds, speech perception in noise testing, and the Amsterdam Inventory for Auditory Disability questionnaire (Amsterdam Inventory). Using mixed models, we compared average daytime and sleep values of physiological measures across the 2 days, and their daytime‐to‐sleep contrast, based on each hearing impairment assessment. Results indicated that all three hearing impairment assessments were strong predictors of EMA outcomes of listening effort and fatigue. Contrary to expectations, hearing impairment did not have a significant impact on parasympathetic activity in daily life or on skin sympathetic activity. However, individuals with higher impairment exhibited a larger change in a cardiac sympathetic measure, the pre‐ejection period, during wakefulness compared to sleep. Overall, hearing impairment had a small impact on autonomic nervous system functioning in daily life, but the effects were potentially attenuated by reduced exposure to listening demand in those with hearing impairment.
Paternal depressive symptoms and infant respiratory sinus arrhythmia predict empathy‐related behaviors
Authors: Dann Yael , Egotubov Alisa , Gordon Hecker Avigail , Sheiner Eyal , Uzefovsky Florina , Gueron Sela Noa 
Published: December 2024

AbstractChildren with specific psychophysiological profiles may be more strongly affected by adverse environmental experiences. Guided by a biopsychosocial perspective, we examined whether infant respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA), an index of parasympathetic functioning, moderates the associations between paternal postpartum depression (PPD) symptoms and infants' observed empathy‐related responses. Participants were 142 families with infants (51% female) assessed at two time points. At T1 (3 months of age), fathers reported their depressive symptoms. Infants' cardiac activity was recorded during rest and estimates of RSA were calculated. In addition, infants' empathy‐related responses during a maternal distress simulation were observed and rated at T2 (12 months of age). Higher paternal PPD at T1 predicted higher infant affective (i.e., affective concern) and cognitive (i.e., inquiring behaviors) responses to maternal distress at T2. Infant RSA moderated this relationship for cognitive responses, with a significant positive association only for children with high or average RSA. These findings contribute to the understanding of the psychophysiological mechanisms that support empathy development.
Assessment of Microbolometer Infrared Cameras for Thermoelastic Stress Analysis
Authors: Jiménez‐Fortunato I. , Devivier C. , Dulieu‐Barton J. M. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTA means of simulating the performance of infrared (IR) cameras is described, with the purpose of assessing the suitability of the IR camera for thermoelastic stress analysis (TSA). The approach is demonstrated on two IR cameras containing different sensors: a standard microbolometer and a very low cost microbolometer based thermal core. The simulations take into account the sensor spatial resolution, the lenses and the sensor sensitivity. The analytical solution for a disc in 2‐point diametral compression (Brazilian disc) is used to generate the simulated thermoelastic response. The results from camera simulations are quantitatively compared with the experimental data, and accuracy and precision of the thermoelastic response relative to the simulated data are established for each camera. The approach highlights the limitations of using microbolometer based cameras for TSA. Additionally, three image processing algorithms for TSA, that is, least‐squares fitting, lock‐in and Fast‐Fourier Transform (FFT), are compared. The study showed that the three algorithms deliver similar results, with the least‐squares fitting using less computational time. Importantly, the results obtained with the thermal core are promising, strongly indicating that multiple camera TSA is a realistic possibility with an outlook to having cameras permanently installed on structures. However, at present, it is clear that the thermal core can only be used in a qualitative sense for TSA, as it has a very low response exacerbated by significant attenuation caused by the intrinsic sensor time constant in microbolometer‐based IR detectors and inbuilt software‐based noise reduction procedures.
A Wind Speed Forecasting Method Using Gaussian Process Regression Model Under Data Uncertainty
Authors: Jiang Xiaomo , Chen Huize , Hui Huaiyu , Zhang Kexin 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Wind speed forecasting plays a pivotal role in power prediction, daily operations, and optimal scheduling of wind farms. However, accurately predicting wind speed remains challenging due to data uncertainties and the inherent randomness of wind resources. This paper introduces a novel wind speed forecasting method by combining Bayesian discrete wavelet packet thresholding (BDWPT) into Gaussian Process Regression (GPR). The BDWPT method is first employed to adaptively remove noise from wind speed data, retaining the main trend characteristics of the time series while removing redundant information. The GPR model is then utilized to capture the remaining randomness and effectively predict future probabilistic trends in wind speed. Comparative studies using real-world wind farm data demonstrate the advantages of the proposed method in both one-step and multistep forecasting scenarios, showcasing its potential to enhance turbine design and power management under uncertain conditions.
Closing the genome of
Teredinibacter turnerae
T7902 by long-read nanopore sequencing
Authors: Gasser Mark T. , Liu Annie , Flatau Ron , Altamia Marvin A. , Filone Claire Marie , Distel Daniel L. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

We present the complete closed circular genome sequence derived from the Oxford Nanopore sequencing of the shipworm endosymbiont,
Teredinibacter turnerae
T7902 (DSM 15152, ATCC 39867), originally isolated from the shipworm,
Lyrodus pedicellatus
(1). This sequence will aid in the comparative genomics of shipworm endosymbionts and the understanding of the host–symbiont evolution.
Whole genome sequence of a
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
M64 isolate harboring extensive deletions, including the
katG
-containing region
Authors: Jeon Se-Mi , Park Sanghee , Kim Seonghan 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Clinical isolates of
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
M64 strain from South Korea lack the
katG
gene, which is associated with isoniazid resistance. Herein, we report the whole genome sequence of
M. tuberculosis
M64, with genomic coverage of 2,791× and a genome size of 4,353,699 bp.
Complete genomes of common bacterial hosts of RNA bacteriophage Φ6
Authors: Andrews Taylor , Duffy Siobain 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Bacterial plant pathogens
Pseudomonas savastanoi
pv.
phaseolicola
,
P. syringae
pv.
tomato
,
P. syringae
pv.
atrofaciens
, and
P. oleovorans
East River isolate A serve as common laboratory hosts for bacteriophage Φ6, a widely used model organism for enveloped viruses. Here, we report complete genome sequences for strains of these bacterial hosts.
Nutrient conditions affect antimicrobial pharmacodynamics in
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Kok Maik , Hankemeier Thomas , van Hasselt J. G. Coen 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

The infectious microenvironment in chronic respiratory tract infections is characterized by substantial variability in nutrient conditions, which may impact colonization and treatment response of pathogens. Metabolic adaptation of the cystic fibrosis (CF)-associated pathogen
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
has been shown to lead to changes in antibiotic sensitivity. The impact of specific nutrients on the response to antibiotics is, however, poorly characterized. Here, we investigated how different carbon sources impact the antimicrobial pharmacodynamic responses in
P. aeruginosa
. We evaluated the effect of six antibiotics (aztreonam, ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin, colistin, imipenem, and tobramycin) on
P. aeruginosa
cultured in a basal medium enriched for seven different carbon sources (alanine, arginine, aspartate, glucose, glutamate, lactate, and proline). Pharmacodynamic responses were characterized by measuring time-kill profiles for a bioluminescent
P. aeruginosa
PAO1
Xen41
strain. We show that single-nutrient modifications minimally affected bacterial growth rate. For specific nutrient-antibiotic combinations, we find relevant alterations in antibiotic sensitivity (i.e., EC
50
) and the maximum drug effect (E
max
), in particular for ciprofloxacin, colistin, imipenem, and tobramycin. The most pronounced effect was observed for tobramycin, where glucose was found to reduce the EC
50
(0.5-fold), whereas lactate-enriched conditions led to a 4.3-fold increase in EC
50
. Using pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic simulations, we illustrate that the magnitude of the nutrient-driven pharmacodynamic changes impact treatment for clinical dosing strategies of tobramycin. In summary, this study underscores the impact of nutrient composition on antimicrobial pharmacodynamics, which could potentially contribute to observed variability of antimicrobial treatment responses in CF patients.

IMPORTANCE
Chronic respiratory tract infections in cystic fibrosis patients present significant challenges for antibiotic treatment due to the complexity of the respiratory environment. This study investigated how variations in nutrient levels, altered during chronic infections, affect pathogen response to antibiotics in an experimental setting. By simulating different nutrient conditions, we aimed to uncover interactions between nutrient availability and antibiotic sensitivity. Our findings provide critical insights that could lead to more effective treatment strategies for managing chronic respiratory tract infections in cystic fibrosis patients while also guiding future research in improving treatment methodologies.