bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrated Assessment of Coronary Physiology Based on Coronary Angiography in Heart Transplant Patients
Authors: Fezzi Simone , Pesarini Gabriele , Guerrieri Ludovica , Urbani Allegra , Bottardi Andrea , Tavella Domenico , Wijns William , Tu Shengxian , Scarsini Roberto , Ribichini Flavio 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundEarly detection of cardiac allograft vasculopathy after heart transplant (HTx) with invasive coronary angiography is challenging.AimsThe study aimed to determine if computational techniques able to assess epicardial lesions, by means of Murray's law‐based quantitative flow ratio (μFR), and microvascular physiology, by means of angiography microvascular resistance (AMR), enhance risk stratification in HTx patients with nonsignificant coronary artery disease.MethodsThe cohort consisted of 86 consecutive HTx patients (200 epicardial vessels) with stenosis < 50% at baseline. μFR ≤ 0.80 indicated coronary ischemia, while AMR ≥ 2.5 suggested microvascular dysfunction. Clinical events were assessed over a median follow‐up of 43 months, focusing on the relationship between μFR and target vessel failure (TVF), and between AMR and heart failure (HF) hospitalizations.ResultsAt baseline, mean μFR was 0.94 ± 0.08, with eight vessels (4.0%) disclosing flow‐limiting lesions, while AMR was 2.4 ± 0.7, with 80 vessels/40 patients (40.0%/46.5%) having microvascular dysfunction. TVF‐related segments were associated with lower mean μFR values (0.89 ± 0.14 vs. 0.95 ± 0.05; p < 0.007) compared TVF‐free segments. At the receiver operating characteristic curve a μFR ≤ 0.93 demonstrated an area under the curve of 0.632 (95% CI: 0.562–0.699) in predicting TVF occurrence, showing an accuracy of 76.0%, a sensitivity of 46.9%, a specificity of 81.6%, a negative predictive value of 89.0%, and a positive predictive value of 32.6%. μFR ≤ 0.93 showed a significant interaction with TVF occurrence at 43 months (32.6% vs. 11.0%; HR: 2.96; 95% CI: 1.26–6.96; p = 0.013). Microvascular dysfunction showed a significant interaction with HF hospitalizations occurence (AMR: 2.8 ± 4.4 vs. 2.4 ± 4.5; p = 0.001; CMD: 27.5% vs. 4.3%; HR: 7.36; 95% CI: 2.45–22.07; p = 0.002).ConclusionsAngiography‐derived epicardial and microvascular physiology computation may improve risk stratification of heart transplanted patients.
Drivers of Anuran Assemblage Structure in a Subtropical Montane Region
Authors: Bassetto Kauan , Carvalho‐Rocha Vítor , Peres Carlos A. , Neckel‐Oliveira Selvino 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTElevation gradients provide excellent semi‐experimental conditions to investigate how the spatial distribution of biodiversity is shaped by the environment. Here, we investigate how temperature, productivity, and elevation are related to the diversity of anuran assemblages in a montane region of the southern Brazilian Atlantic Forest. We sampled 20 half‐hectare plots between 2020 and 2021, distributed along a sharp elevation gradient. Anuran species richness and abundance decreased with increasing elevation. We show a positive relationship between ambient temperature and frog species richness and abundance, highlighting the importance of temperature in shaping assemblages along the elevation gradient. In contrast, productivity did not affect species richness and abundance, suggesting that available energy via resources does not limit local frog diversity. We further observed marked differences in the composition of anuran assemblages between low and high elevation areas, which were related to temperature. Beta diversity is mainly driven by species replacements among assemblages, which were likely related to environmental conditions. These findings highlight the importance of incorporating protected areas that encompass the entire range of elevations to capture the full complement of landscape‐scale diversity. This is crucial as species showed limited distributions, and the marked effects of temperature should be explicitly considered under future scenarios of elevated upslope warming.
Governing of Melt Pool Solidification Parameters and Microstructure Evolution Indicator During SLM‐Ti6Al4V Alloy Through Parametric Sweep Optimization
Authors: Weldeanenia Kidu Gebrecherkos , Kassegne Samuel Kinde , Ramulu Perumalla Janaki 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTSelective laser melting (SLM) process offers a versatile additive manufacturing technology. However, the wide range of process parameters and complex thermophysical phenomenon necessitate optimization of process parameters for obtaining a high‐quality finished product. The optimization of process parameters through experiment is expensive and time‐consuming. On the other hand, computational approaches offer a fast and economical way to predict the contributions of process parameters. In this article, therefore, a multiphysics finite‐element model and phase‐filed model of solidification process were used to investigate the effects of process parameters on the melt pool solidification parameters and microstructure evolution of SLM‐Ti6Al4V process. Simulations were performed using the single‐level setup method followed by a parametric sweep optimization (PSO) approach that helped identify the best‐suited process parameters. Through the PSO, reductions in temperature gradient by 9.7% and 13.7%, and cooling rate by 23.6% and 14.3% were found at a fixed laser scan speed and laser power, respectively. The associated solidification morphology factor was found to be 5.8 × 105 Ks/m2. In addition, the primary dendrite arm spacing (PDAS) was found to be at 3.6% and 6.8% increments at a fixed laser speed and laser power, respectively. Finally, optimal results of the solidification parameters were compared with the existing data to validate the approach. The simulation results have been shown that reduction in the temperature gradient by 28.5%, cooling rate by 48.6%, and solidification morphology factor by 3.3% tend to minimize fluctuation of melt pool. The comparisons have also shown that the PSO approach is effective and accurate for predicting the solidification behaviors of SLM‐Ti6Al4V process.
Thermal Analysis and Fire Property Quantification of Crumb Rubber and Plastic Eco‐Aggregates for Sustainable Construction
Authors: Shewalul Yohannes Werkina , Flores Quiroz Natalia , Walls Richard 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTWith a drive for sustainable construction, various products are being introduced to promote recycling, but often their properties relation to behaviour in fire are not known. In this paper, the fire performance of crumb rubber and a plastic eco‐aggregate, called RESIN8, were assessed. Various tests, including cone calorimeter, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), were conducted. These are supplemented by numerical calculations and the Coats–Redfern kinetic model to quantify the thermal and fire properties of these materials. Cone calorimeter tests were conducted at 35 and 50 kW m−2, while the critical heat flux (CHF) values were determined using a range of irradiance levels. Time to ignition (TTI), heat release rate (HRR), peak heat release rate (pHRR), and thermal fire hazard parameters were quantified. Both materials were classified under the high thermal fire hazard class. The peak thermal decomposition rates occurred at 365°C (single peak) for CR and at 435°C and 550°C (two peaks) for RESIN8. The calculated activation energy values were 66.7 kJ mol−1 for crumb rubber and 55.1 and 43.9 kJ mol−1 for RESIN8 in the first and second stages, respectively. These eco‐aggregates could pose a significant thermal fire hazard, in the recycling facility during and after the recycling process, as well as when stored in bulk and when incorporated in large quantities in construction systems. Further investigation is crucial for understanding the effect of incorporating these eco‐aggregates within masonry and concrete systems from a fire safety perspective.
Ritonavir may prolong sedation but is unlikely to increase the risk of respiratory arrest in patients requiring intravenous midazolam for procedural sedation
Authors: Arsanious Jason , Rowland Angela , Sorich Michael J. , Hopkins Ashley M. , Alfred Sam , Rowland Andrew 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIntravenous midazolam is frequently used for procedural sedation. Use of ritonavir containing antivirals in patients requiring procedural sedation with intravenous midazolam is postulated to increase the risk or prolong the consequences of exposure related adverse events. The primary objective of this study was to characterize interaction of ritonavir with IV midazolam. The secondary objective was to define the time course over with the interaction of ritonavir with IV midazolam resolves following cessation of ritonavir. Physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling was used to conduct clinical trials with a parallel group design defining exposure to a single 5 mg IV dose of midazolam in the presence and absence of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir dosed twice daily for 5 days. Simulations comprised 50 virtual healthy subjects aged 20 to 50 years (50% female). Based on FDA criteria, a moderate/strong interaction between nirmatrelvir/ritonavir and intravenous midazolam (area under the curve [AUC] ratio >2) was observed when intravenous midazolam was administered up to 72 h following cessation of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir. The geometric mean (90% CI) midazolam AUC ratio was 9.21 (5.44 to 16.43) when coadministered on the final day of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir dosing. Importantly, there was no change in peak exposure; the geometric mean (90% CI) midazolam maximum concentration ratio was 0.99 (0.99 to 1.00). Use of ritonavir containing antivirals is unlikely to increase a patient's risk of experiencing an exposure related adverse event following administration of intravenous midazolam but may prolong complications in patients who experience an event. A meaningful interaction persists for 72 h following cessation of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir.
The Demand for Industry—Oscillation of the Agrarian Question in Rural West Bengal
Authors: Das Suchismita 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe movement against land acquisition for industrialization in Singur (2006–2008) became emblematic of the defeat of CPI(M) in West Bengal—the longest democratically elected communist regime in the world. A decade later, in 2018, CPI(M) organized a farmers' rally from Singur, demanding industrialization and jobs. This article engages with this narrative of ‘demand for industrialization’ and asks why farmers who had opposed land acquisition for industry a decade ago have started supporting industry now. Amid an ongoing wave of political change, the demand for industry emerges as a hope for the future rising from its own ashes. This article also engages with the classical agrarian question to argue that today, the transition to industrialization occurs not due to agricultural surplus but due to agricultural economic insecurities. This article critically explores the relationship between industrialization and agricultural productivity.
Fluorescent nanoparticles from roast duck induce cell damage and physiological dysfunction in Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Cui Guoxin , Cong Shuang , Tan Mingqian 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe safety of fluorescent nanoparticles (FNPs) that enter the human body through food consumption is uncertain. In this study, the biocompatibility of FNPs derived from roast duck was investigated using pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells and Caenorhabditis elegans.ResultsFluorescent nanoparticles, at concentrations of 1 and 4 mg mL−1, caused an increase in early apoptosis, altered the cell cycle, elevated reactive oxygen species levels, and decreased mitochondrial membrane potential in PC12 cells. Both acute and prolonged exposure to the FNPs enabled them to permeate C. elegans via its food source, accumulating predominantly in the intestine. At concentrations ranging between 0 and 15 mg mL−1, FNPs did not induce mortality in C. elegans but they did affect its growth, reproductive ability, and motor behavior.ConclusionThis study advances the understanding of FNP safety significantly, facilitates risk assessment for foods containing FNPs, and provides valuable guidance to ensure food safety. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Characterizing Hand Function in Parkinson's Disease Patients with a Self‐Administered Electronic Manual Dexterity Test
Authors: Jansen A. Elizabeth , Rosenfeldt Anson B. , Lopez‐Lennon Cielita , Fernandez Hubert , Zimmerman Eric , Imrey Peter B. , Dibble Leland E. , Alberts Jay L. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundDexterous dysfunction is a bothersome patient‐reported symptom of Parkinson's disease (PD). Current clinical assessments do not directly evaluate goal‐directed hand function. This project sought to determine the capability of the electronic Manual Dexterity Test (MDT) to characterize dexterity across a range of PD patients.ObjectivesTo objectively quantify manual dexterity in individuals with PD using a self‐administered manual dexterity test.MethodsTwo hundred and forty‐nine PD patients completed trials of the MDT with each upper extremity (UE) both while ON and OFF antiparkinsonian medication. Differences in MDT by medication state, more vs less affected UE, and Hoehn and Yahr (H&Y) stage were evaluated using linear mixed models. The relationships of trial duration to MDS‐UPDRS II patient quality of life (QoL) questions for eating, dressing and hygiene were also evaluated.ResultsMDT duration was significantly shorter ON medication (26.3 seconds) compared to OFF medication (27.2 seconds) (P < 0.001). Similarly, MDT duration was significantly shorter for less (25.8 seconds) compared to more (27.6 seconds) affected limb (P < 0.001). Trial durations increased with H&Y stage (P < 0.001 for trend). MDT performance was related to MDS‐UPDRS II questions for eating, dressing, and hygiene performance (P < 0.001).ConclusionsThe MDT provides an objective and quantitative assessment of dexterity. The time to complete the MDT was sensitive to changes in medication state, more and less affected UE, disease severity, and important activities of daily living. The MDT has potential for utilization in precise tracking of manual dexterity over the course of PD.
Cross Border Costs: Efficiency Losses of Manufacturing Firms Involved in Housing
Authors: Wu Youmeng , Kuang Zuxin , Sun Hongliang , Wang Kai , Zhang Tiesheng 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe boom in China's real estate market in the past 20 years has attracted a large number of manufacturing firms to make real estate investments (REI), and it is unclear whether this behavior is conducive to the high‐quality development of firms. This study theoretically elucidates the mechanism by which manufacturing firms' real estate investment behavior affects their factor efficiency and empirically examines it using data from listed Chinese manufacturing firms from 2007 to 2021. We find that real estate investment by manufacturing firms significantly inhibits firms' total factor productivity (TFP). The robustness of the findings is further confirmed by constructing a differences‐in‐differences (DID) model using a purchase restriction policy as an exogenous shock. Heterogeneity analysis shows that those more significantly negatively affected are technology‐ and labor‐intensive non‐state‐owned firms, which are located in the central‐eastern region of China and are in the growth or maturity stage. Exploring the mechanism of action reveals that firms' real estate investment behavior may reduce the level of firms' TFP by crowding out inputs in the research and development (R&D) sector and reducing organizational management effectiveness. This study provides new empirical evidence for identifying the impact of real estate investment on firms' TFP and deepens the understanding of firms' resource allocation effects.
The relationship between falls and hip bone mineral density of paretic and nonparetic limbs after stroke
Authors: Atan Tugba , Ekinci Umay , Uran San Ayca , Demir Yasin , Guzelkucuk Umut , Kesikburun Serdar , Uyar Koylu Sinem , Tan Arif Kenan 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundPoststroke osteoporosis, particularly of the hip, and an increased risk of fractures due to accidental falls are well known in people with stroke. Only a few of the current stroke guidelines recommend bone mineral density (BMD) measurements during follow‐up in this population and measurements are often performed unilaterally.ObjectivesTo compare femoral hip BMD between fallers and nonfallers among patients with stroke, while also assessing differences in balance, mobility, fear of falling, and exploring discrepancies between paretic and nonparetic sides within each group.DesignCross‐sectional.SettingInpatient stroke rehabilitation unit of a tertiary university hospital.PatientsPatients with unilateral hemiplegia hospitalized as a result of stroke.InterventionsNot applicable.Main Outcome MeasuresThe primary outcome was the femoral neck BMD measurement. Dual‐energy x‐ray absorptiometry was used to measure BMD. Secondary outcomes included Berg balance scale (BBS), timed up‐and‐go test (TUGT), functional ambulation classification (FAC), and falls efficacy scale‐international (FES‐I).ResultsA total of 44 patients were enrolled. Twenty‐two participants (50%) reported falling. There were no statistically significant differences in BMD (p = .504, p = .197, p = .667, respectively) and T‐scores (p = .457, p = .194, p = .693, respectively) of paretic, nonparetic femoral neck, and lumbar spine between nonfallers and fallers. The BBS (p = .033, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.17–19.05) was significantly lower in the fallers. The FES‐I was statistically significantly higher in the fallers (p = .001, 95% CI −22.40 to −6.50). The BMD and T‐scores of femoral neck between the paretic and the nonparetic limbs did not differ significantly in the nonfallers (n = 22) (p = .908, 95% CI −0.03–0.03; p = .886, 95% CI −0.27–0.24) but did differ in the fallers (n = 22) (p = .007, 95% CI −0.06 to −0.01; p = .006, 95% CI −0.51 to −0.09).ConclusionsThis study emphasizes that hip BMD may differ on paretic and nonparetic sides, especially in patients with stroke and a history of falls and balance problems. Fall‐related self‐efficacy and balance may be determinants of falls in these patients.
Nitrogen Fixation by Simple Gling Arc Plasma Reactor at Elevated Pressure for Synthesis of Aqueous Nitrogen Fertilizer
Authors: Angineni Jyothsna , Reddy P. Manoj Kumar , Anga Srinivas , Somaiah P. Veera 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTPlasma technology for nitrogen fixation offers a sustainable alternative to traditional fossil fuel‐based methods for fertilizer production. A novel gliding arc plasma reactor is studied for its potential in nitrate fertilizer production, examining its performance across varying gas flow rates, compositions, and pressures (0–2 bar). Results show increased nitric acid (HNO3) production with higher pressure. The reactor achieves a NOx production rate of 10.2 g/h and an HNO3 production rate of 8.83 g/h, with an energy cost of 2.9 MJ/mol of nitrogen. A selectivity of 84% toward NO2 at 2 bar pressure highlights the reactor's efficiency in nitrogen utilization, enhancing its potential for practical applications.
‘It can Feel Like They've Forgotten you’: Enhancing Older Adult Participation in Urban Regeneration
Authors: Hill Kimberley M. , Woodbridge‐Dodd Kim , Horton John , Graham Laura , Taylor Jane 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTWe present two innovative and impactful interdisciplinary participatory projects highlighting interconnected older adult meanings in relation to UK town centre spaces. We argue older people occupy paradoxical positions within urban policies and planning discourses, highly visibilised as objects of concern, but profoundly marginalised and excluded. Utilising a relational functional significance framework, our findings capture valuable emplaced narratives and embodied lived experiences often wholly underrepresented by 16 older adults (aged 70–88 years). Through live qualitative participatory interview approaches, we identify functionally rich local high street characteristics interconnected with urban histories, memories and identities impacting belonging and well‐being, or underpinning participation, exclusions and vulnerabilities. Reflecting on vividly detailed stories and participatory methods within these empirics, we call for an expanded sense of older people's presence and agency, providing their own implications for enhancing urban settings alongside recommendations for increasing their participation within urban regeneration and related research.
Optimization of Type III Resistant Cornstarch Preparation by TK‐PUL Enzymatic Hydrolysis Synergistic Dual Autoclaving–Cooling Treatment Using Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Zeng Jing , Guo Jianjun , Yuan Lin 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe thermoacidophilic type III pullulan hydrolase derived from Thermococcus kodakarensis (TK‐PUL) can function as both α‐amylase and pullulanase. Here, TK‐PUL is used to prepare resistant starch type III (RS3), and reaction conditions were controlled to facilitate preparation and improve preparation efficiency. RS3‐type cornstarch is prepared by TK‐PUL enzymatic hydrolysis synergistic dual autoclaving‐cooling treatment. The optimum conditions for preparing RS3‐type cornstarch were as follows: treatment of 15.55% cornstarch slurry (pH 4.99) with 13.83 U/g (cornstarch) TK‐PUL at 90 °C for 11.55 h, followed by high‐pressure heat treatment (110 °C, 30 min)/retrogradation (4 °C, 24 h) for two cycles. The RS3 yield is 40.70% under optimal processing conditions. RS3 comprised irregular and rough surface contour block‐like structures, as well as block‐like structures created by adhesion and accumulation of granules. X‐ray diffraction analysis revealed that the crystallinity type of RS3 transformed from B+V‐ to V‐type, in contrast to the initial A‐type of cornstarch. This novel RS3 preparation process using TK‐PUL enzymatic hydrolysis synergistic dual autoclaving‐cooling treatment lays the foundation for using TK‐PUL in RS preparation.
Machine learning approach for predicting fire resistance of FRP‐strengthened concrete beams
Authors: Bhatt P. P. , Sharma N. , Kodur V. K. R. , Naser M. Z. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis paper presents a data‐driven machine learning (ML)‐based approach for predicting the fire resistance of fiber‐reinforced polymer (FRP)‐strengthened reinforced concrete beams. To this end, a comprehensive database of fire tests on FRP‐strengthened concrete beams reported in literature was compiled. The database comprised of varying geometric and material properties, sectional dimensions, steel reinforcement, FRP layers, and thermal insulation, as well as the load level. The compiled database was analyzed using three different ML algorithms including, support vector regression, random forest regressor, and deep neural network. The outcome of the analysis is a computational‐based ML approach for predicting fire resistance of FRP‐strengthened concrete beams. The results predicted from the ML approach were compared with those measured in fire tests to show reliability of the proposed approach. The results infer that the proposed ML approach can effectively predict the fire resistance of FRP‐strengthened concrete beams with varying cross sections, properties of constituent materials, and applied loading.