bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intellectuals and Populism
Authors: Welt Smith Janet 
Published: September 2018

There are now two stylish things to say about Populism. One is that the Populists were bad guys, the other that the Populists are again among us in such figures as John Lindsay and George McGovern, on the one hand, and George Wallace on the other. Unfortunately, the intellectuals talking about Populism know very little about it. Even Jack Newfield and Jeff Greenfield, in their wellintentioned but superficial little book, A Populist Manifesto, shudder at the nineteenth-century Populist reality which, they say, was “afflicted” with “paranoia and racism.”The Populists, it will be remembered, were members of the People's Party, which existed from 1889 through the election of 1896.
Scottish Nationalism & Other Passions
Authors: Kellas James G. 
Published: September 2018

When a Scotsman wears a kilt, or a Frenchman sings the Marseillaise, it seems reasonable to put it all down to strong nationalist feeling. Scotland and France are among the oldest nations in Europe, and most people can recognize instantly the symbols and characteristics that are associated with them because they are so often manifested.But what does nationalist feeling amount to in Europe today, in political and social terms? Is Europe not at the end of the "era of nationalism" and at the start of an era of supranational unity? The European Economic Community has been enlarged this year with the addition of Britain, Ireland and Denmark, and it is possible to look forward to a sort of federal "United States of Europe" within the next couple of decades.
The Catholic Church in Poland
Authors: Skwarnicki Marek 
Published: September 2018

The Church and State in Poland are now passing through a period of relaxation. There are innumerable small changes that testify to this, but the most important are these:1. Declarations by representatives of the Party and the Government have stressed equalirv of opportunity for each citizen regardless of his religion. The ultimate criteria in the evaluation of a worker are to be his work outlay, his capabilitv and his knowledge, and not his relationship to the Church.2. The properties of the Catholic Church in the western territories were nationalized in 1961, and since then the Church has been in the position of tenant in that area. Now these properties have been returned. Elsewhere in Poland the Church remains the private owner of sacred objects and of small agricultural plots.3. Talks between the episcopate and the Government, long suspended, have been resumed.4. There has been some liberalization in the policy of taxation of the Church.5. The policy of granting passports has been liberalized, and a greater number of permits are now being given to priests for trips to non-Communist countries either for scholarly purposes or in connection with agencies administered bv them.
One Year Later: India, Pakistan and Bangladesh
Authors: Wriggins Howard 
Published: September 2018

It is now well over a year since Bangladesh separated from Pakistan. General Yahya's decision to quell the independence movement failed. Millions of refugees had fled to India; a guerrilla movement had emerged in East Bengal, and the Indian army had come to its assistance. The Pakistan army was defeated, and now, over a year after the end of hostilities, 80,000 Pakistani troops remain prisoner.The eruption of 1971 had left Indians with great hope that now, at last, major subcontinental problems would be resolved. The Bangladeshis had looked forward through their bitter misery to a reemergence of the Golden Bengal of legend. And Pakistanis, dismayed by defeat and secession, at least had hoped that a truncated countrv would be easier to govern.
Man on Women
Authors: Barber Benjamin 
Published: September 2018

Radical feminism as a political movement is associated with a series of unjustified claims. It is, as I have been arguing, simply not true that "women are oppressed" or that "men and marriage are the primary obstacles to woman's human fulfillment." We now turn to three corollary claims: that—monogamous marriage and the nuclear family are crucial instruments of exploitative capitalism—romantic love is the ideology of sexism—femininity and other manifestations of sexual differentiation are inimical to sexual equality.
Catholics in Vietnam
Authors: Van Dinh Tran 
Published: September 2018

Somewhere in the National Archives of the United States lies one of the very first, if not the first, diplomatic correspondence between this country and Vietnam. On August 16, 1849, President Zachary Taylor wrote to “His Majesty the Magnificent King of Anam.” The letter reads in part:Great and Good Friend!To you, my Brother, the Great and Mighty King of Anam, I send love and goodwill, in this letter, by the hands of Mr. Joseph Balestier, my faithful and trusty Envoy and Minister to South Eastern Asia, to whom I give express orders to deliver it into your own Royal hands in order that you may understand how greatly I have been grieved to hear it said, that the Captain of one of my warships had misbehaved himself, four years ago, (which I have only heard of lately, for the first time, because your country is so far from mine) by landing men from his ship in Toorong Bay and firing on your people, and killing and Wounding some of them….
The Dialogue Is Over
Authors: Martin Malachi B. 
Published: September 2018

The recent Middle East armed conflict has been a paramount occasion for many American Catholics and Jews to realize that their dialogue, begun in the early sixties, was at an end. That conflict did not end the dialogue; but the dialogue, such as it was envisaged by its initiators, had in fact ended sometime between the June, 1967, Six-Day War and the November, 1973, ceasefire.The reasons for its end now appear obvious: the primary aims entertained by both Catholics and Jews were achieved; and, quite importantly, the chief participants in that dialogue—Catholics, their Church, American Jews and Israel—all had undergone an evolution. They are no longer what they were in 1960.
New Waves in the Caribbean
Authors: Thatcher Terence L. 
Published: September 2018

There was a time when the Caribbean area loomed large on the American foreign policy scene. The Monroe Doctrine, the Cuban war, canal concerns, dollar-diplomacy—these issues occupied not only the time of diplomats but the attention of press and public as well. Yet now, ten years after the Cuban missile confrontation, seven after the Dominican Republic fiasco, Americans treat the Caribbean with monumental indifference. Rather than an area of great political concern, it has become merely a resort for winter holidays.But profound changes are under way in the Caribbean precisely in those islands known only for their tourist appeal. New forces in the British West Indies, traditionally the safe and stable members of the regional community, are transforming once sleepy tropical isles into fully conscious members of the Third World. One such force is the movement toward West Indian integration.
Watergate as Civil Disobedience
Authors: MacKinnon Barbara , MacKinnon Edward 
Published: September 2018

It is not too early to try and anticipate some of the possible defense strategies that might be used in trials emerging from “Watergate.” Some months ago, in one of those TV appearances, Richard Nixon suggested an excuse by way of comparison with the illegal antiwar demonstrations of the 1960's. Then there was Jeb Stuart Magruder before the Senate Watergate Committee arguing that his former ethics teacher, William Sloane Coffin, had inspired him with the idea that for certain higher reasons a breaking of the law was justified.Other Watergate defendants have pleaded loyalty to Nixon and the Nixon cause as sufficient justification for their otherwise illegal actions. Notable were John Mitchell's insistence that (almost) anything was justified to prevent “the alternative” candidate from being elected; Patrick Gray asserting that loyalty to Nixon should override his own doubts about what he was asked to do; and Bernard Barker's commitment to the defeat of communism in general and Castroism in particular.
Reflections on Israel
Authors: Novak Michael 
Published: September 2018

During those ominous early hours and indecisive days of the war of Yom Kippur, many American Jews were surprised by the depth of their fears concerning the fate of Israel. Such Jews had thought of themselves as powerful, detached, integrated into the larger American society. Suddenly they could not be certain that their colleagues and friends shared the secret dread they began to feel: the nightmare of another possible holocaust.Christian leaders have sometimes seemed to treat Israel as though it presented an anguishing moral problem: “The question has two sides. There are complexities. Jewish military spirit seems a trifle pushy. Think of the poor, Third-World Arab refugees.” One anguishes about sorting out the truly moral thing to do.
Uruguayan Journal
Authors: Handelman Howard 
Published: September 2018

The Café Zoracabana sits off the Plaza Libertad in the center of downtown Montevideo. With nineteenth-century decor and white-smocked waiters, it is one of the city's last remaining traditional cafés. Here old friends meet and talk for hours while nursing a cup of tea or cafe con leche. I have come here this evening to meet a former correspondent named Paco, to whom I have been referred by an exiled Uruguayan congressman.
From time to time my companion interrupts our conversation to greet friends who pass by our table. Late in the evening he rises to hug yet another person in a traditional Latin American abrazo. His friend squeezes his hand, speaks for a moment, and moves on. After a discreet pause Paco unfolds a small piece of paper that had been placed surreptitiously in his hand.
Human Rights in the Americas
Authors: Orfila Alejandro 
Published: September 2018

Violence and instability, punctuated by terrorism and subversion, characterize political life in many nations today. Throughout most of the postwar period few countries, and this includes the liberal democracies, have been spared the many faces of violence and terrorism, whether from the Left, the Right, or both.
With the continuing spread of terror and counterterror, with increasing violence and instability, personal insecurity and fear become widespread. Then hard-won gains in human rights come under heavy attack. In this situation violence and terror become self-justifying because through them society will be purged of its alleged evils. Or so it is argued.
Yet the moral conscience of the Americas originates in, and is built upon, respect for human rights. Our Hemisphere differs in a privileged way from other regions of the globe in that this is the guiding principle under which our nations came into being.
The Myth of Annihilation and the Six-Day War
Authors: Ryan Joseph L. 
Published: September 2018

One of the convictions shared by the Israelis on the eve of the Six-Day War has just been seriously shaken. The certainty that the Jewish state was threatened with extermination in May-June, 1967, has attained a status of dogma, which no one could question without the likelihood of being accused of treasor or mental instability."Thus begins a review of the "annihilation controversy" in Israel, or the "Generals' polemic," as it has been called by an Israeli Jewish journalist, Amnon Kapeliuk, writing in Le Monde. (I am heavily indebted to this important review in early sections of this article.) On June 12, 1967, immediately after the war was over, Levi Eshkol, the Israeli prime minister, stated to the Knesset: "The existence of the Israeli state hung on a thread, but the hopes of the Arab leaders to exterminate Israel were brought to nought."
Lebanon's Impossible Options
Authors: Voll John 
Published: September 2018

Can a moderate parliamentary democracy survive in the tensions of the Middle East? This is the question confronting Lebanon in the face of military raids by its neighbors and potential civil war. Israeli attacks and Palestinian pressures create a continuing crisis which has undermined the foundations of both Lebanese moderation and democracy.Since independence Lebanon has maintained its position as a nonmilitaristic democracy supporting moderate solutions to the conflicts in the Middle East. Despite great pressures it has remained Western-oriented and has withstood the siren calls of radical socialism and militant nationalism. Yet when Lebanon was under threat and attack, it received remarkably little concrete support from the major Western powers. One result has been a growing frustration among Lebanese, many of whom believe that no matter what they do they will be attacked and possibly destroyed by forces beyond their control.
A Fascism in Our Future?
Authors: Vree Dale 
Published: September 2018

AbstractAmericans of almost every variety want to believe again in the goodness and vitality of our nation. This hope was expressed in the 1976 Bicentennial observance and, for many, was strengthened by the election of Washington outsider Jimmy Carter, signaling a new era in our politics. It is with misgiving, therefore, that I add a skeptical note to this hopeful mood.The flames of political passion and cultural frenzy that recently scorched our body politic have not been extinguished. Our discontents and disorientations may not rage, but they do smolder, hidden beneath dense clouds of bitter smoke. This situation may not comfort most Americans, but it does console genuine radicals who habitually fantasize about a mass radical movement in America. An American history full of aborted crusades and faded causes has put the radical faith to test, but never to rest.
What Mexico's President Inherited
Authors: Drysdale Robert S. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractIn his inaugural address on December 1, 1976, to an alarmed and disquieted nation, fifty-six- year-old President José Lόpez Portillo y Pacheco made a dramatic plea for unity. “Let us never forget our parents lived here, we are here, and our children will live here…A few of the rich, who export capital, and a few of the poor, who export their labor, may leave, but the rest of us are staying and we can make our country a hell or a land where life is good. It is in our hands.“Not since the fury and turmoil of the revolutionary years had the presidential succession been enveloped in such public loss of hope and surrender to despair. Three devaluations in as many months had distressed the entire nation; seemingly arbitrary government expropriations of vast areas of rich agricultural lands further embittered property owners; hundreds of Mexicans responded to the crisis by sending abroad millions of dollars frantically withdrawn from the banks.
The China of Hua Kuo-feng
Authors: FitzGerald Stephen 
Published: September 2018

Those aspects of today's China I consider basic to a proper understanding of that country now, and which I also believe will persist into the foreseeable future–possibly -to the end of the century–are the following:China is now more "China" than at any time since 1949, but by no means less socialist for that.It is embarked on a path that will probably make it the most significant economic and politico-cultural power in the Asia/Pacific Region by the turn of the century.In its handling of its foreigjn relations China is moving away from some recognizable patterns of the past and developing a character tjiat will make it both easier and tougher to deal with as times goes on.
The Most Gentle Philosopher
Authors: Novak Michael 
Published: September 2018

He was," Professor Donald Williams of Harvard once said, "the most gentle philosopher I ever met." Professor Williams had no great use for theism. We may be certain it was not the theories of Jacques Maritain, rather his person, that touched him. Maritain would have understood such praise. Theories are not the only carriers of truth. Persons carry truth too.The omnia opera of St Thomas Aquinas Maritain almost uniquely understood convey a nonrationahstic view of human intelligence For Aquinas intelligence operates in many modes with unfitting suppleness adaptability and wordlessness Intelligence exceeds logic Intelligence exceeds words Yet intelligence does not despise its own weak instruments—its poor words, its structures of logic, its painstaking formulation of reasons.
Apartheid and the Church in South Africa
Authors: Taira Koji 
Published: September 2018

In order to be truly the body of Christ in the world, the Church seeks the right to give free, unrestricted expression to its basic functions such as worship, proclamation, fellowship, service and teaching. In an avowedly Christian country it legitimately proceeds on the assumption that this right is given. Apartheid legislation and custom, however, place serious restrictions on these basic functions, as well as on the overall administration of the Church.Apart from specific restrictions contained in legislation, there is also the inhibiting factor of uncertainty engendered by the wideness and vagueness of many regulations and laws. A climate of opinion has developed, encouraged by the plethora of regulations and laws, which makes even legally permissible actions seem doubtful and possibly dangerous.
African Theology
Authors: Mbiti John S. 
Published: September 2018

African theology has become a common commodity for discussion in the past five years or so. Increasingly, one get requests to write an article on African theology; and one meets people who jump up with the request, "Oh, tell me something about African theology," or the question, "What is African theology?" for which they expect a three-minute definitive answer. There are also people who do not feel comfortable when the term "African theology" is used. At the other end of the scale are people who get highly excited about the African theology, as though it promised to bring the Kingdom of Heaven finally to this earth.There is clearly a wide spectrum of popular expectations about African theology. But a lot of them seem to be very shallow, and founded :on wrong or naive assumptions.
The Pope and Our Common Future
Authors: Murphy Francis X. 
Published: September 2018

The structure of the Roman Catholic Church is undergoing a fundamental metamorphosis. As in every living organism, such growth is, of course, accompanied by internal difficulty. Peculiar to the Roman Church, however, is that its current experience was occasioned by an Ecumenical Council called to reenforce its internal integrity and prepare it for union with the other Christian churches.In the decade since Vatican Council II (1962-65) the monolithic image of the Catholic Church has suffered severe damage. In trying to update the Church's awareness of its obligations to the contemporary world the Council revealed painful divergences in doctrinal and disciplinary understanding within the institution that considers itself the parent body of Christianity.
Sweden Inc. The Total Institution
Authors: Weber R. H. 
Published: September 2018

Writing from the court of Gustavus Adolphus in 1620, Cromwell's puritanical ambassador to Sweden, Bubtrode Whitelocke, painted a dreary scene of what he could discern through the drizzly, leaden gloom of a five-hour Swedish November day … roads little more than rivers of mud, primitive strip farming, millions of acres of seemingly endless solemn pine forests, log shacks mortared with moss, a dismal diet of “boiled, roast or fried cow,” and nearly universal, perpetual intoxication.If Ambassador Whitelocke had returned to Sweden at the dawn of the twentieth century he would have had little difficulty recognizing the place.
Beyond the Cold War Chessboard
Authors: Holmes John W. 
Published: September 2018

The problem in judging M. Servan-Schreiber's message is that he reaches some sound conclusions on the basis of dubious premises, from which he derives recommendations which could be disastrous.There may be some satisfaction in seeing a Frenchman concerned with le défi, russe instead of le défi américain, but his interpretation of one is as crude as was his interpretation of the other. The shock of revelation that there are common interests of the Atlantic countries in economic as well as strategic matters is understandably more startling to a Frenchman than to others. It was all set out in 1949 in Article 2 of the North Atlantic Treaty and was restated eloquently in 1973 by Mr. Kissinger. But last spring European leaders were included to see the latter as a self-interested plea from a weak United States to a prosperous Europe. The North American countries were reminded that their role in Europe was simply to defend it on request.
The Myth of the Citizen-Soldier
Authors: Irish Michael 
Published: September 2018

The works of Niccolo Machiavelli throw needed light on a contemporary problem, the incompatability of the civilian and military modes of being. With Machiavelli, I assume that the surd between military and civil institutions originates in the abstraction of defense-of-oneVcountry from the citizens' daily concerns.Machiavelli and other neoclassicists, assuming the Greek and Roman perspectives of social organization, stressed the importance of integrating civil and military “institutions.” A civil militia or “nation in arms” is the form of civil-military organization they deemed appropriate for the task. Machiavelli believed that the security of the state would be insured by incorporating the private everyday affairs of the citizens into a larger context of purposeful communal activity.
Countercombatant Strategy: A New Balance of Terror?
Authors: Johansen Robert C. 
Published: September 2018

Military planners, security-minded intellectuals and Secretary of Defense James Schlesinger himself have been reexamining current nuclear strategy in light of the Strategic Arms Limitation Talks. As always, caution and skepticism are advisable in appraising new proposals for military strategy and even for arms control, since such proposals often encourage the arms race to continue unabated in new, more volatile areas.Because of Schlesinger's public / announced intention to modify American nuclear policy, one strategic proposal receiving attention is Bruce Russett's suggestion, published two years ago in Worldview (“Short of Nuclear Madness,” April, 1972), and in his contribution to The Military-Industrial Complex: A Reassessment, edited by Sam C. Sarkesian and Charles Moskos, that the United States should replace a countercity nuclear strategy with a counter-combatant strategy.
Vietnam—a Visit to a Liberated Zone
Authors: Schechter Daniel 
Published: September 2018

You may remember Quang Tri. It was the scene of one of the fiercest and “last” battles of that phase of the Vietnam war that ended when peace broke out in Paris. Eighty-five per cent of the land in this northernmost province of South Vietnam is now firmly in the hands of the Provisional Revolutionary Government (PRG), the force which elements of the American press still call the “Viet Cong” or just “the enemy.”
The U.S. Air Force turned most of Quang Tri into a vast wasteland of shattered land and broken villages as its response to the PRG's offensive in Spring, 1972. The provincial capital of Quang Tri City, once a home for 86,000 people, is now a pile of rubble, totally uninhabited.
An African Views American Black Theology
Authors: Mbiti John 
Published: September 2018

Black Theology is a painful phenomenon in the history of the Church. Painful not because of what it says—although it certainly does not deal in soft phrases—but because it has emerged in an America that, since the arrival of the Pilgrims in the seventeenth century, has claimed to be a Christian country. Black Theology is a judgment on American Christianity in particular and Christianity in general. Ideally there would be no reason for Black Theology. It was forced into existence by the particularities of American history.Black Theology as an academic concern can be dated from July 31, 1966, when the National Committee of Negro Churchmen issued a statement asking for power and freedom from the leaders of America, for power and love from white churchmen, for power and justice from Negro citizens, and for power and truth from the American mass media.