bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The pragmatic use of ‘sort of’ in TV forums
Authors: Zhang Grace 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThis study discusses the pragmatic functions of four Chinese equivalents of the English ‘sort of’ based on a Chinese TV forum corpus:youdian(有点),yidian(一点),youyidian(有一点),keyishuo(可以说). It finds that the Chinese ‘sort of’ tends to cluster with verbs or adjectives rather than nouns. ‘Sort of’ is infrequent in the formal setting of this study and serves three pragmatic functions: mitigation, approximation and evasion, with the first two functions being much more frequent than the last one. ‘Sort of’ performs more of an interpersonal than an informational function. This study highlights the elasticity of ‘sort of’ in Mandarin Chinese in the form of fluidity, stretchability and strategy, contributing a fresh account of pragmatic markers. This study implies that elastic language use is a natural part of linguistic competence (particularly pragmatic competence) and forms a strong bond with effective linguistic communication.
Comparing French liaison acquisition in L1 children and L2 adults
Authors: Harnois-Delpiano Mylène , Cavalla Cristelle , Chevrot Jean-Pierre 
Published: May 2019

AbstractIn the study of liaison acquisition, a key line of inquiry has focused on potential differences and similarities between L1 and L2 French speakers. However, such a comparison encounters a number of difficulties such as matching learners in terms of language exposure, age, and learning abilities. This study addresses these issues based on the analysis of French liaison in a series of experimental tasks performed by L1 children aged two to six, and by adult Korean learners of French as a foreign language. Results show that, for both groups, acquisition of categorical liaison precedes acquisition of variable liaison. However, when L1 and L2 learners are matched individually based on the results of a production task, they differ in a judgment task involving the perception of liaison. More specifically, the ability to judge the correctness of liaison precedes the ability to produce it in L2 learners, but not in L1 children. The findings provide a strong indication that L2 learners follow a specific process when acquiring liaison.
Burla y risa en El celoso hasta la muerte de Alonso de Castillo Solórzano
Authors: Rodríguez Mansilla Fernando 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
This article explores the function of mockery and laughter in the short novel El celoso hasta la muerte by Alonso de Castillo Solórzano. I interpret this text as a “novela de burlas” or comic novella, a specific type of narrative in which mockery is a central device. The analysis pays close attention to the mechanism of the “canned laughter” that reveals the function of ridicule and the role of both the victim as scapegoat and his victimizers. At the end, this short novel reflects the literary sensitivity of the aristocratic audience to whom it is addressed: a small group of noble families and friends that the author met during his stay in Valencia.
miR-655-3p inhibits cell migration and invasion by targeting pituitary tumor-transforming 1 in non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Wang Wei , Cao Ranhua , Su Wuyun , Li Yulian , Yan Haicheng 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACT
miR-655-3p functions as a tumor suppressor in tumor metastases; however, its role and mechanism in regulating cell migration and invasion of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remain unclear. Here, we found that miR-655-3p expression was markedly decreased in the NSCLC cell lines A549, NCI-H1650, PC14/b, NCI-H1299, and HPAEpiC compared to levels observed in normal human lung fibroblasts. miR-655-3p overexpression significantly inhibited migration and invasion of A549 and PC14/b cells, and pituitary tumor-transforming 1 (PTTG1) expression was up-regulated in the NSCLC cells. Luciferase reporter assays indicated that PTTG1 was a direct target of miR-655-3p. Additionally, PTTG1 overexpression alleviated the inhibitory effect of miR-655-3p on migration and invasion abilities in A549 and PC14/b cells. In conclusion, miR-655-3p inhibits NSCLC migration and invasion by targeting PTTG1, suggesting that miR-655-3p may serve as a therapeutic target to provide a new approach for the clinical treatment of NSCLC.
Effects of the FIFA 11+ on ankle evertors latency time and knee muscle strength in amateur futsal players
Authors: Lopes Mário , Rodrigues João Manuel , Monteiro Pedro , Rodrigues Mário , Costa Rui , Oliveira José , Ribeiro Fernando 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackground: The FIFA 11+ has shown to increase muscle strength and reduce injury risk. The purpose of this study was to assess the short and long‐term effects of the FIFA 11+ on knee strength, and muscle latency after sudden inversion of amateur futsal players.Methods: Seventy‐one male futsal players were recruited and randomized to a FIFA 11+ (n = 37, age: 27.0 ± 5.1 years) and a control group (n = 34, age: 26.0 ± 5.1 years). The FIFA 11+ programme was executed twice a week, for 10 weeks, followed‐up after 10 weeks where both groups executed regular warm‐ups. Concentric and eccentric isokinetic knee muscle strength was tested and latency time of the evertor muscles after sudden inversion of the ankle was executed with a trapdoor mechanism following an EMG protocol of selected leg muscles (peroneus brevis and peroneus longus).Results: No significant difference were observed between groups for short‐term changes in isokinetic strength after adjustment for baseline differences. At long‐term, significant gains were obtained after adjustment for baseline differences in eccentric strength for both lower limbs as for the H/Q ratios for the dominant limb. No changes between groups were observed in the peroneus brevis and peroneus longus latency time.Conclusions: Performing FIFA 11+ did not have short‐term effects on knee strength and muscle latency after sudden inversion in amateur futsal players. However, significant long‐term benefits were observed for eccentric strength and H/Q ratios.
Non-linear optical response of edible oils by means of the Z-scan technique
Authors: Marbello O , Valbuena S , Racedo F J 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Oils of vegetable origin are classified as organic compounds, which have become the object of study in the field of photonics and non-linear optics, because they have a characteristic chemical bond with the presence of delocalized electrons, which gives them a high non-linear response. In the food industry, non-destructive or invasive studies are required to establish the quality and conservation indices of the chemical, physical and nutritional properties of edible products. The non-linear optic response of different oils of vegetable origin was evaluated: extra virgin olive oil, extra virgin sesame oil, extra refined linseed oil and virgin avocado oil using the Z-scan technique. The absorption and transmission spectra were taken to establish the coefficient of linear absorption of the sample as a function of the wavelength. For each compound, the variations of the nonlinear optical properties were analyzed as a function of the excitation power, using the closed cell and open cell configurations; where the third-order electrical susceptibility (χ
3), the non-linear refraction index (η
2) and the non-linear absorption coefficient (β) were determined. Subsequently, a comparison of the non-linear response was made according to the type of oil and the degree of refinement. It was found that extra virgin olive oil and virgin avocado oil presented a better non-linear response at low laser power as a consequence of the low thermal influence, which makes them possible candidates in the development of photonic devices.
Analysis of deviations in wavelength measurements with a diffraction grating monochromator with respect to a certified reference spectral lamp
Authors: Arcón G , Álvarez J , Sogamoso L , Sarmiento R 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
This paper shows the analysis of the deviations in the wavelength measurements made with a DK-480 monochromator of diffraction grating respect to the values reported for a certified calibration spectral lamp. The radiation emitted by the calibration lamp was dispersed using diffraction gratings of 300, 1200 and 2400 grooves/mm provided in the monochromator. The emitted spectrum contains neutral Mercury and neutral Argon lines, which was registered with a photomultiplier tube coupled to an amplifier circuit. In this study it was applied the method of least squares to the results of the spectral measurements, and it was obtained for each diffraction grating, the linear model or linear fitting of the comparison with respect to the values of the wavelengths of the reference lamp. With the general model of the propagation of the uncertainty, the uncertainty function was obtained for each diffraction grating, in order to estimate the uncertainty of wavelengths interpolated in each spectral range, which are useful for measuring wavelengths of any other spectral source.
Level control loop design for a test-rig flotation column
Authors: Piñeres J , Mendoza M. , Tellez M , Jiménez F 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
During the last years, there has been a great advance in the instrumentation to improve the performance of industrial processes, this has allowed important advances in the control processes. In this work, we analysed the control of the froth layer height (level) of a flotation column to improve its performance. A level control loop was designed, selected and assembled, finally it was adjusted through NB Omron Designer interface that allows the communication between the measure element, controller and control valve, establishing a pressure (Set Point) to control froth layer height (level) and make sure it is stable operating. Tests were carried out with water, water-air and water-air-frother. This was done to analyse the behaviour of the column and subsequently verify the results using drift flux analysis. Once the results were obtained, the parameters that showed the optimal performance of the column were analysed. An overshoot was obtained in the range of 1 % to 12 %, stabilization time in the range of 90 s to 97 s and the tailing velocity which was maintained between 0.72 cm/s - 0.76 cm/s. Analysing the results, the experimental error was in the range of 0 % to 6 %.
Electric polarizability of type-II semiconductor nanocone induced by magnetoexciton
Authors: Mercado A M , Sierra-Ortega J , Garcia L F , Mikhailov I D 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
We present a theoretical analysis of the possibility of formation of a permanent electric dipole moment in the presence of the electric and magnetic fields, which are simultaneously applied along the symmetry axis of a CdS/ZnSe type II nanocone, induced by a trapped exciton. We show that the external magnetic field applied along the cone’s axis increases the electric dipole moment forcing the electron to climb along the cone’s border via the diamagnetic confinement, meanwhile the electric field may cause either growth or reduction of the electric dipole moment.
Nonlinear encryption system based on the fractional Fourier operators and truncation operations
Authors: Vilardy J M , Perez R , Jimenez C 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
In this paper, the fractional Fourier operators, the random phase masks and the nonlinear operations of amplitude and phase truncations are utilized to encrypt and decrypt images. We use the following fractional Fourier operators in the image encryption-decryption system: the fractional Fourier transform, the fractional traslation and the fractional correlation. The proposed encryption system uses nonlinear operations, such as phase encoding and truncation operations, in order to increase the security of the encrypted image. The encryption-decryption system has the following security keys: one fractional order of the fractional Fourier transform, two random phase masks and two pseudorandom code images. When all the proper security keys are used in the decryption system, the obtained decrypted image is a replica of the image to encrypt.
A DFT study about the effects of exchange-correlation functional on the structural and electronic properties of Anatase
Authors: González Ramirez I A , Alcalá Varilla L A , Montoya J A 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
A comparative study is presented, based on Density Functional Theory, of the influence that the different approximations of the exchange-correlation functional have on the structural and electronic properties of titanium dioxide in the anatase phase. In this work, the method of plane waves and pseudopotentials, as implemented in the Quantum Espresso package was used. The approximations to the correlation-exchange functional that were considered are the local density approximation, the generalized gradient approximation in the form of Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof, the Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof for solids, and the Perdew-Wang 91. For each case, the effects due to the inclusion of spin (spin polarization), and the correction of Hubbard (U=4.2 eV for Ti) were also studied. We found that the Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof for solids functional offers the best results for the calculation of the lattice parameters and bond lengths, followed by the local density approximation with the Hubbard correction included. For the bond angles, the best description was obtained with the local density approximation. The inclusion of the U term increases the errors associated with the mentioned structural parameters when the following functionals are used: Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof, Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof for solids and Perdew-Wang 91. The Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof and Perdew-Wang 91 functionals show the largest errors when the Hubbard correction is used; while the local density approximation shows significant improvement when the Hubbard correction is included. Regarding the energy gap, we found that the introduction of the U term improves the estimation of this property for all the approximations included in this work.
Efficacy of black carbon aerosols: the role of shortwave cloud feedback
Authors: Modak Angshuman , Bala Govindasamy 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Using idealized climate model simulations, we investigate the effectiveness of black carbon (BC) aerosols in warming the planet relative to CO2 forcing. We find that a 60-fold increase in the BC aerosol mixing ratio from the present-day levels leads to the same equilibrium global mean surface warming (∼4.1 K) as for a doubling of atmospheric CO2 concentration. However, the radiative forcing is larger (∼5.5 Wm−2) in the BC case relative to the doubled CO2 case (∼3.8 Wm−2) for the same surface warming indicating the efficacy (a metric for measuring the effectiveness) of BC aerosols to be less than CO2. The lower efficacy of BC aerosols is related to the differences in the shortwave (SW) cloud feedback: negative in the BC case but positive in the CO2 case. In the BC case, the negative SW cloud feedback is related to an increase in the tropical low clouds which is associated with a northward shift (∼7°) of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ). Further, we show that in the BC case fast precipitation suppression offsets the surface temperature mediated precipitation response and causes ∼8% net decline in the global mean precipitation. Our study suggests that a feedback between the location of ITCZ and the interhemispheric temperature could exist, and the consequent SW cloud feedback could be contributing to the lower efficacy of BC aerosols. Therefore, an improved representation of low clouds in climate models is likely the key to understand the global climate sensitivity to BC aerosols.
Domesticating Colonizers: Domesticity, Indigenous Domestic Labor, and the Modern Settler Colonial Nation
Authors: Haskins Victoria 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
The placement of Indigenous girls and young women in white homes to work as servants was a key strategy of official policy and practice in both the United States and Australia. Between the 1880s and the Second World War, under the outing programs in the U.S. and various apprenticeship and indenturing schemes in Australia, the state regulated and constructed relations between Indigenous and white women in the home. Such state intervention not only helped to define domesticity in a modern world, but was integral to the formation of the modern settler colonial nation in its claims to civilizing authority in the United States and Australia. In the context of settler colonialism, domesticity was not hegemonic in this period, but rather was precarious and uncertain. By prescribing and demanding from employers demonstrations of domesticity, the state was engaged in perfecting white women as well as Indigenous women, the latter as the colonized, to be domesticated, and the former as the colonizer, to domesticate.
Distributional consistency of the lasso by perturbation bootstrap
Authors: Das Debraj , Lahiri S N 
Published: May 2019

SummaryThe lasso is a popular estimation procedure in multiple linear regression. We develop and establish the validity of a perturbation bootstrap method for approximating the distribution of the lasso estimator in a heteroscedastic linear regression model. We allow the underlying covariates to be either random or nonrandom, and show that the proposed bootstrap method works irrespective of the nature of the covariates. We also investigate finite-sample properties of the proposed bootstrap method in a moderately large simulation study.
A unified method for improved inference in random effects meta-analysis
Authors: Sugasawa Shonosuke , Noma Hisashi 
Published: May 2019

SUMMARY
Random effects meta-analyses have been widely applied in evidence synthesis for various types of medical studies. However, standard inference methods (e.g. restricted maximum likelihood estimation) usually underestimate statistical errors and possibly provide highly overconfident results under realistic situations; for instance, coverage probabilities of confidence intervals can be substantially below the nominal level. The main reason is that these inference methods rely on large sample approximations even though the number of synthesized studies is usually small or moderate in practice. In this article, we solve this problem using a unified inference method based on Monte Carlo conditioning for broad application to random effects meta-analysis. The developed method provides improved confidence intervals with coverage probabilities that are closer to the nominal level than standard methods. As specific applications, we provide new inference procedures for three types of meta-analysis: conventional univariate meta-analysis for pairwise treatment comparisons, meta-analysis of diagnostic test accuracy, and multiple treatment comparisons via network meta-analysis. We also illustrate the practical effectiveness of these methods via real data applications and simulation studies.
Returns to livestock disease control – a panel data analysis in Togo
Authors: Weyori Alirah Emmanuel , Liebenehm Sabine , Waibel Hermann 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
This paper investigates whether – and to what extent – a veterinary intervention programme lead to improvements in small-scale cattle farmers’ welfare using a unique panel data set of 443 households from northern Togo. Our results show a positive impact of the interventions on improving farmers’ knowledge and husbandry practices that translates into improved livestock health and productivity. In addition, these positive effects trigger improvements in terms of poverty and vulnerability. The results highlight the important role of targeted interventions that aim to improve livestock health – a key asset among rural households in sub-Saharan Africa.
Evolutionary and functional analysis of RBMY1 gene copy number variation on the human Y chromosome
Authors: Shi Wentao , Louzada Sandra , Grigorova Marina , Massaia Andrea , Arciero Elena , Kibena Laura , Ge Xiangyu Jack , Chen Yuan , Ayub Qasim , Poolamets Olev , Tyler-Smith Chris , Punab Margus , Laan Maris , Yang Fengtang , Hallast Pille , Xue Yali 
Published: May 2019

AbstractHuman RBMY1 genes are located in four variable-sized clusters on the Y chromosome, expressed in male germ cells and possibly associated with sperm motility. We have re-investigated the mutational background and evolutionary history of the RBMY1 copy number distribution in worldwide samples and its relevance to sperm parameters in an Estonian cohort of idiopathic male factor infertility subjects. We estimated approximate RBMY1 copy numbers in 1218 1000 Genomes Project phase 3 males from sequencing read-depth, then chose 14 for valid ation by multicolour fibre-FISH. These fibre-FISH samples provided accurate calibration standards for the entire panel and led to detailed insights into population variation and mutational mechanisms. RBMY1 copy number worldwide ranged from 3 to 13 with a mode of 8. The two larger proximal clusters were the most variable, and additional duplications, deletions and inversions were detected. Placing the copy number estimates onto the published Y-SNP-based phylogeny of the same samples suggested a minimum of 562 mutational changes, translating to a mutation rate of 2.20 × 10−3 (95% CI 1.94 × 10−3 to 2.48 × 10−3) per father-to-son Y-transmission, higher than many short tandem repeat (Y-STRs), and showed no evidence for selection for increased or decreased copy number, but possible copy number stabilizing selection. An analysis of RBMY1 copy numbers among 376 infertility subjects failed to replicate a previously reported association with sperm motility and showed no significant effect on sperm count and concentration, serum follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH) and testosterone levels or testicular and semen volume. These results provide the first in-depth insights into the structural rearrangements underlying RBMY1 copy number variation across diverse human lineages.
Comparative Incidence of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Different Age Groups in the United States
Authors: Keyashian Kian , Dehghan Melody , Sceats Lindsay , Kin Cindy , Limketkai Berkeley N , Park K T 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Background
Data on the incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) by age group are available in countries outside of the United States or localized populations within the United States. We aimed to estimate the incidence rates (IRs) of IBD by age group using a US multiregional data set.

Methods
We used the Optum Research Database to identify incident IBD patients with a disease-free interval of 1.5 years between 2005 and 2015. Overall and age-specific IRs were calculated for 4 different age groups: pediatric (0–17 years), young adult (18–25 years), adult (26–59 years), elderly (&gt;60 years). Time trends of incidence were evaluated in each age group. Perianal phenotype (in Crohn’s disease [CD]) was also compared.

Results
The mean IR for the cohort (n = 60,247) from 2005 to 2015 was 37.5/100,000. The IR was highest in adult and elderly cohorts (36.4 and 36.7/100,000 respectively). In the adult and elderly groups, the IR for UC was higher than that for CD, whereas the opposite was true in the pediatric and young adult groups. The IR increased over the 10-year study period for all age groups (time trends P &lt; 0.001). The elderly group had less perianal disease than the adult group (20.8 vs 22.3%, respectively; P &lt; 0.05).

Conclusions
In one of the most comprehensive evaluations of the incidence of IBD in the United States, we found an incidence rate similar to those of other national populations. We also confirmed differences of specific IBD phenotypes based on age groups, with lower rates of perianal disease in the elderly.