bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
GSK3-CRMP2 signaling mediates axonal regeneration induced by Pten knockout
Authors: Leibinger Marco , Hilla Alexander M. , Andreadaki Anastasia , Fischer Dietmar 
Published: August 2019

AbstractKnockout of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN−/−) is neuroprotective and promotes axon regeneration in mature neurons. Elevation of mTOR activity in injured neurons has been proposed as the primary underlying mechanism. Here we demonstrate that PTEN−/− also abrogates the inhibitory activity of GSK3 on collapsin response mediator protein 2 (CRMP2) in retinal ganglion cell (RGC) axons. Moreover, maintenance of GSK3 activity in Gsk3S/A knockin mice significantly compromised PTEN−/−-mediated optic nerve regeneration as well as the activity of CRMP2, and to a lesser extent, mTOR. These GSK3S/A mediated negative effects on regeneration were rescued by viral expression of constitutively active CRMP2T/A, despite decreased mTOR activation. Gsk3S/A knockin or CRMP2 inhibition also decreased PTEN−/− mediated neurite growth of RGCs in culture and disinhibition towards CNS myelin. Thus, the GSK3/CRMP2 pathway is essential for PTEN−/− mediated axon regeneration. These new mechanistic insights may help to find novel strategies to promote axon regeneration.
SAR high‐resolution imaging from missing raw data using StOMP
Authors: Qian Yulei , Zhu Daiyin , Yu Xiang 
Published: August 2019

SAR raw data missing occurs when radar is interrupted for various reasons. In order to deal with this problem, a method is proposed to focus the missing SAR raw data via stage‐wise orthogonal matching pursuit (StOMP). A reference function in time domain is designed for the missing raw data. After matched with the reference function, the energy of missing raw data is concentrated in two‐dimensional frequency domain. Then, StOMP algorithm is available to recover the matched raw data in two‐dimensional frequency domain. The recovered raw data is available to be processed with traditional SAR imaging algorithms. The Omega‐K algorithm is chosen to deal with the recovered raw data in experiments. Point target and area target simulations are carried out to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method for azimuth missing SAR raw data. The data missing rate is 50% in both point and area target simulation. The resolution of point targets can reach 0.3 m in both range and azimuth direction.
Iridescence in nematics: Photonic liquid crystals of nanoplates in absence of long-range periodicity
Authors: Zeng Minxiang , King Daniel , Huang Dali , Do Changwoo , Wang Ling , Chen Mingfeng , Lei Shijun , Lin Pengcheng , Chen Ying , Cheng Zhengdong 
Published: August 2019

Significance
The striking colors of organisms, like butterflies, have sparked tremendous research interest in developing artificial photonic crystals with extraordinary optical properties. In most cases, the color of photonic crystals originates from the periodic microstructure that manipulates light through optical interference. Here, we report a photonic structure that does not rely on long-range periodic arrangements. Instead, such structural color comes from the nematic liquid crystals of nanodiscs as opposed to the conventional achiral nematic phases that are colorless under white light. This finding challenges the stereotypical design of photonic liquid crystals based mainly on periodically layered or helical structures. We expect that the concept of nematic photonic nanoparticles may open research opportunities for developing advanced photonic materials.
Numerical Investigation of Flow past an Uberhood at Low Velocity
Authors: Palit Swastika , Shyam Kumar M.B. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Uberhood is an aerodynamically designed structure offering protection for the rider from sun and rain. In this paper, a preliminary attempt is made to design an uberhood for motorbikes followed by fluid flow analysis using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD).In this study, the k-ω turbulence model was employed to simulate a three dimensional flow past an uberhood. Comparison between flow past motorbike with rider and motorbike with uberhood along with rider are presented at two different angles of attack. The results in terms of the aerodynamic force coefficients namely the lift and drag coefficients, pressure contour, velocity contour, streamlines and turbulence kinetic energy obtained using the above turbulence model have been presented and discussed. Based on the height and velocity of motorbike with rider and motorbike with uberhood along with rider the Reynolds number was taken as 1.9 million and 2.2 million respectively. It was observed that with the increase in angle of attack the coefficient of drag decreases. Results show that a lower coefficient of drag value for the designed uberhood. This paves way for the use of uberhood in a motorbike which provides safety for the riders together with experiencing lower drag force.
Experimental Study of Oil Recovery by Water Alternating Gas (WAG) process in Microporous media
Authors: Bhadran Vishnu , Goharzadeh Afshin , Yit Fatt Yap 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Water alternating gas injection process (WAG) is a tertiary oil recovery technique commonly used to enhance the displacement efficiency of the residual oil which cannot be recovered during the primary and secondary recovery processes. In this study, experimental tests were conducted in a transparent water wet microporous model packed with glass beads and initially filled with crude oil. Alternate cycles of gas and water were injected to characterize the dynamics of three-phase flows and its associated oil recovery. The displacement of the residual oil at the end of each WAG injection cycles were studied in detail using the state of the art image processing techniques. It was observed that, the continuous cycles of WAG injection have helped the saturated residual oil to spread across the porous region and effectively displaced the residual oil that remained inside the water wet porous media after the initial water flooding. Obtained experimental results helps to understand the WAG process in detail and further it helps to validate future numerical models related to this process.
Experimental investigation of single slope solar still using different wick materials: a comparative study
Authors: Bhargva Mohit , Yadav Avadhesh 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Solar still play an important role in mitigating potable water scarcity mainly in developing countries because of its low-cost and easy design. One major concern regarding solar still is the low productivity. Using a wick in still basin decreases active water depth and increases the evaporation rate of basin water. In the present work, a comparative study of single slope solar still using different wick materials is performed. Bamboo cotton, jute, wool, and cotton are used as wick materials. To carry out experiments, two single slope solar stills of similar dimensions are designed and constructed. Wick is placed over the rectangular shaped fins installed in the still basin. The experiments are conducted for 25 days and data collected on the clearest sunshine days are presented in this work. Water depth is kept constant at 1 cm throughout the experiments. Experimental results showed that maximum still productivity and efficiency is obtained using bamboo cotton wick as 3.03 l/m2day and 34.5% respectively. This is 16.9%, 20.7%, 37.8% and 51.9% higher than jute, cotton and wool wick and conventional still. It is evident from the experimental results that bamboo cotton is the most suitable wick material in comparison to others.
Review paper on thermo-acoustic instabilities in a gas turbine burners – Flashback avoidance
Authors: Gangisetty G , Thomas Jayachandran A V , Sverbilov V.Y. , Zubrilin I.A. , Matveev S.S. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Next generation modern aircraft gas turbine engines (GTE) should provide ultra-low emissions, higher operating efficiencies and cost-effective production and use of energy with decreased emissions at local and global levels. However, the combustors particularly developed for ultra-low NOX emission combustors being developed for aircraft gas turbine engines are more susceptible to combustion instabilities. Premixed combustion systems have the capability to meet future regulations on NOx emissions. However, premixed systems always involve the risk of flame flashback into the premixing section. From a gas turbine manufacturer’s point of view, it is required to enlarge the safe operating range, in particular with respect to flame flashback. The significance of these flashback phenomena is a strong function of fuel composition and operating conditions. In the literature, flashback along the wall boundary layer shows the most critical failure mechanism for many burner configurations using hydrogen-rich fuels. Therefore, in the past few years, Government, academia and several industries conducting extensive research in this area for the introduction of green technologies as lean fuel combustion and premixed burners in aero-engines. Therefore, this review paper focus on flashback propensity mechanisms in more detail and the conclusions are drawn as to mitigation technologies.
Experimental Investigations of Stagnation Temperature and Overall Heat Transfer Coefficient of Flat Receiver for Solar Parabolic Dish Concentrator System
Authors: Kumar Sahu Susant , Vadivukkarasan M , Suman Dharamsoth , Ramanjaneyulu Devineni , Raja Rao Naidu Gurugubelli , Sudarshan Reddi , Arjun Singh K , Kumar Natarajan Sendhil 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The parabolic dish concentrator is one of the most efficient technologies to convert direct beam radiation into thermal energy for steam and power generation. The parabolic dish concentrates direct beam radiation from the sun on to a receiver at the focal point. The receiver plays a major role to transform the reflected solar radiation into thermal energy. The conversion efficiency of the dish is severely influenced by imperfection of the dish collector such as the contour of parabola, size of the facets aligned, positioning of the receiver and tracking of the system. These imperfections are mainly involved in the design, manufacturing, construction and operation of a parabolic dish collector. To overcome this imperfection, secondary reflector are normally deployed at the focal region of the receiver. The function of the secondary reflector reradiates the deviated rays from the primary concentrator onto the receiver. In this aspect, flat receiver is initially fabricated to evaluate the performance of the flat receiver without secondary reflector. In this paper, the experimental investigations on flat receiver for 12.6 m2 area of solar parabolic dish concentrator system to estimate the receiver temperature and overall heat transfer coefficient of the flat receiver. In order to estimate this, rectangular box type aluminium receiver is fabricated and placed at the focal point of 2.42 m from the base of the dish. The aperture area of dish concentrator system is 12.6 m2 area and it consists of 12 petals and in each petals 128 flat mirrors of size 7.5 cm × 7.5 cm with reflectivity of 0.95 are pasted on 1.2 mm thickness MS plate to form a parabolic dish concentrator. The azimuth and elevation manual tracking arrangements are made to track the dish continuously for different orientation of the sun. K-type thermocouples are used to measure the temperatures of the top and bottom of the receiver. To measure the maximum temperature of the receiver, experiments are carried out for stagnation conditions (without heat retrieval from the receiver). Experiments are carried out on 5th, 6th and 7th March 2018 from 10.00 am to 3.00 pm. For different direct beam solar radiation, the top and bottom temperatures, ambient temperatures are measured. The maximum temperature of 399°C is achieved at the bottom surface of the flat receiver for the beam radiation of 955 W/m2, and the corresponding top surface temperature of 58°C is achieved for the same flux. Based on the measured bottom surfaces temperatures, the overall heat transfer coefficient of bottom surface are estimated as 145.56 W/m2 K. Based on this study, further heat transfer analysis will be carried out for the developed flat receiver.
Thermal analysis of paraboloid dish type solar cooker
Authors: Das S , Solomon S S , Saini A 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This study presents thermal performance analysis of paraboloid dish type solar cooker under steady and unsteady state conditions. The performance is analyzed under two conditions: firstly steady state operation of cooker subjected to radiation and convection losses from vertical cylindrical surface & top cover of the cooker and secondly unsteady state operation of cooker associated with mass transfer from cooker to the surrounding when heat is supplied at a constant rate to the cooker after saturation pressure is reached.
Under steady state condition, predicted value of average thermal efficiency of cooker is 54%, first and second figures of merit are respectively 1.7 and 3.4, time taken to raise the temperature to 95°c is 24 minutes and time for boiling is 26 minutes. The difference in predicted and experimental results can be attributed to unaccounted losses from the cooker surface and operational error. In the second case, energy leaves the cooker with steam at a rate of 0.91 kW, accompanied by heat losses by convection and radiation from the outer surface of the cooker.
A laminar fluid flow model for study of ventilation systems in micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) clean room
Authors: Rao Vutla Srinivasa , Prakash Regalla Srinivasa , Ramaswamy Kannan 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This paper reports the simulation based analysis results of air flow in a MEMS clean room aimed at predicting the air borne distribution of 0.5 μm particles as per the ISO standard. These particulate contaminants, if not flushed by proper design of the ventilation system of the clean room can get deposited and accumulated on the MEMS devices under fabrication, contributing possibly to the affected functionality of the device, particularly high precision devices such as single cantilever type precision MEMS sensors and actuators. The results of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) based flow analysis done in COMSOL™ estimated for adverse conditions such as a desired ISO-5 cleanliness degrading to ISO-8 cleanliness due to poor maintenance have been presented. Based on the flow conditions, conclusions on the particle accumulation have been drawn.
High Altitude Micro gas turbine power plant investigation of Parametric Analysis using Quantum Chemistry techniques for Alternate fuel optimization.
Authors: Thomas Jayachandran A V , Gangisetty G , Grigorev D I , Lopez Y I P 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Non-petroleum-based fuels help in mitigating climate change by reducing the emission. Many studies on the emission characteristics for the alternate fuel dimethyl ether (DME), resulted in a significant reduction in NOx, SOx, and particulate matter. Due to the potential impact of the use of DME, a need for an Alternate fuel powered Micro gas turbine power plant for high altitude flight was investigated. The potential energy of DME reacting with oxygen was calculated in the temperature range 800-1350 K at the total pressure exhibited on combustion chamber similar to that of high altitude flight. Multichannel ab-initio and RRKM calculation were performed on the DME combustion reaction in the presence of air C2H6O+O2+N2→CO2+H2O+N2. The computed energy value obtained at low pressure was used to study the thermodynamic cycle of a 6kW micro gas turbine power plant for the use of power generation at high altitude flight system. The resulting energy flow model obtained is significant to understand the system performance and efficiency optimization.
Investigation of cyclic variations in air-fuel ratio, cylinder wall temperature, and residual gas fraction of a dual fuel compression ignition engine
Authors: Raj Saxena Mohit , Negi Suprim , Kumar Maurya Rakesh 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Dual fuel operation in compression ignition engines is an effective way to reduce the NOx emission. Within the certain range of fuel premixing ratio (PR), the dual fuel operation in CI-engines results in improved thermal efficiency. The dual fuel CI-engine has relatively higher cyclic variations in comparison to conventional CI-engine which limits the range of fuel premixing in dual fuel CI-engine. The cyclic variations in air-fuel ratio, cylinder wall temperature, and residual gas fraction are the major factors, which governs the variations in combustion parameters. The cyclic variations in combustion need to control for stable engine operation. The present study estimates the cyclic air-fuel ratio, cylinder wall temperature, and residual gas fraction from the measured in-cylinder pressure data of dual-fuel CI-engine. The experiments are performed on a modified single cylinder CI-engine equipped with a separate port fuel injector and its controller to operate an engine in dual fuel mode. In this study, 1500 consecutive engine cycles are recorded, and air-fuel ratio, cylinder wall temperature, and the residual gas fraction is estimated for each cycle. Pressure moment method is used to estimate the cyclic air-fuel ratio. The cyclic cylinder wall temperature is calculated by determining the inversion angle. The cyclic variations are analyzed using statistical methods.
Performance Evaluation of Latent Heat Thermal Storage Unit by integrating it with Flat Plate type Solar Air Heater
Authors: Patel Jatinkumar , Shukla Dhyey , Mudgal Anurag , Patel Vivek , Raval Harshil 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Renewable energies are sustainable and expected to play the significant role for pollution-free energy supply soon. Most traditional renewable energies are solar energy, wind energy, bioenergy, geothermal energy, tidal energy, and hydro-energy. Moreover, solar energy is characterized by their intermittent nature, as it is not available all the time. Another characteristic of these types of energy source is strong fluctuations (on the day), i.e., strong variations of available energy. This intermittent and fluctuation problem can be resolved by energy storage. This paper presents the performance studies on a forced convection solar air heater integrated with the latent-heat type thermal energy storage. The thermal energy storage is designed to maintain 50°C to 55°C temperature during sunshine hours and off sunshine hours especially for food processing. The experimental studies were carried out in the month of summer 2018. The average percentage of the energy recovered is found to be 44 % during the trials. There is a 6°C to 9°C temperature difference between thermal energy storage outlet and ambient air was invariably observed for 6 hours after adequate sunshine hours which is noticeable. Further, the maximum temperature of flat plate type air heater was not increased beyond 70 °C while the maximum outlet temperature from thermal energy storage system was observed 56°C during the entire day during the experiments. It shows no overheating of the system and assures outlet air in the required temperature range for food processing. This system is most useful with the solar dryer which can be used to dry fruits, vegetables, and fishes. This system can also be customized for any particular food item too.
A computational study of hydrogen dimers in giant-planet infrared spectra
Authors: Gustafsson Magnus , Fletcher Leigh N , Orton Glenn S 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The absorption due to H2–H2 complexes is investigated theoretically. The potential and dipole surfaces for the complex are taken from the literature. Quantum dynamical calculations of the roto-translational absorption spectrum are performed. Special attention is paid to the fine features due to hydrogen dimers, (H2)2, at the centers of the collision-induced rotational S(0) and S(1) transitions. The computed absorption coefficients are used to analyze the spectra of the four giant planets of our solar system.
Ion energy distribution from colliding laser plasmas
Authors: Doherty C B , Kelly M , Donnelly T , Lunney J G , Costello J T 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
We report the development of an electrostatic sector analyser (ESA) combined with a time-of-flight (TOF) spectrometer along with some preliminary results from its use in measuring the energies of ions emitted from colliding laser produced plasmas.
Modeling of Synthetic Spectra in Tokamak Edge Plasmas
Authors: Meireni M , Hannachi I , Rosato J , Koubiti M , Marandet Y , Stamm R 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Atomic processes and plasma surface interactions play a key role in the physics of the edge, divertor and X-point plasmas. Passive spectroscopy is one of the best methods to characterize tokamak edge plasmas. In this work, we report on synthetic spectra calculations for the characterization of electron density in recombining divertor plasma conditions. It is shown that an analysis of the Stark broadening of Balmer lines with moderate principal quantum number provides the electron density with good accuracy.
Regulatory effect of essential oils on the production of primary and secondary biogenic free radicals in vitro
Authors: Lesovskaya M I , Shaporova Z E 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Using molecular enhancers of chemiluminescence, the regulatory effects of several essential oils on the production of primary and secondary biogenic free radicals in vitro were investigated. For the more correct extrapolation of the results, the human blood phagocytes as biogenic source of free radicals was used in an experimental model during latex stimulation and without it. The antioxidant activity of pine essential oil against primary and secondary biogenic radicals was identified, and the prooxidant activity of eucalyptus essential oil against primary and secondary biogenic radicals was determined. Unlike both of these substrates, the modulating effect of lavender essential oil was identified. Under the influence of this substance luminol-dependent chemiluminescence increased, while lucigenin-dependent chemiluminescence decreased without changing the basal activity of phagocytes. Essential oils of lemon and peppermint acted as radical-specific antioxidants. Under the influence of peppermint essential oil, the production of primary not secondary radicals decreased significantly. Under the influence of lemon essential oil, the production of secondary radicals decreased while production of superoxide did not change significantly. Based on the results are obtained, it is possible to develop or adjust the schemes of health-improving and preventive procedures, as well as to optimize the choice of adaptogens chemical forms.
Quality management of the enriched flour confectionery with application of the qualimetrical analysis
Authors: Yu Reznichenko I , Chistyakov A M , Ustinova Yu V , Yu Ruban N 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The article analyzes the improvement of the quality of enriched cookies to meet the expectations of consumers. This paper shows the application of QFD methodology for a new type of enriched flour confectionery. The analysis allowed to determine the relationship between consumer expectations and technical characteristics of the new product, to prioritize physical and chemical indicators that determine the functional orientation of the product, to identify the most important criteria for consumers. The matrix of consumer requirements, which allows to predict the improvement of the quality of the new product. The results allowed to determine the direction of improving the quality of enriched cookies, to form a range of consumer properties. The results were tested in the production conditions of the enterprise of the Kemerovo region.