bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Processing polymer nanocomposites with natural additives for medical applications
Authors: Topaloğlu Yazıcı Demet , Yener Arzu 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
The aim of this study is to analyze the effect of natural additive incorporation on processing nanocomposites and their effect on the functional characteristics of nanocomposites such as water uptake characteristics, drug adsorption and dissolution behaviors. Chitosan and montmorillonite were processed with olive oil and glycerin natural additives. In order to compare the processing results, the structure and the morphology of the polymer nanocomposites were examined by using infrared spectra, X-ray diffractograms and electron microscope images. Processing with nontoxic and healthful olive oil as a hydrophobizing agent overcame the high water uptake properties of the polymer nanocomposites and eliminated the use of other expensive chemicals. The nanocomposites without additives adsorbed the highest amounts of methylene blue at equilibrium. In vitamin B12 dissolution studies, not only the additives but also the reinforcement affected the results. Obviously, it can be seen that both the natural additive types and the reinforcement modification effects governed the drug adsorption and dissolution behaviors of the new tailored polymer nanocomposites. Moreover, the additives also improved the processing and handling abilities of these polymer nanocomposites. According to the results, these nanocomposites are promising candidates for medical applications like as a carrier for drug delivery and for skin treatment studies.
“Presentation” and “representation” of contents as principles of media convergence: A model of rhetorical narrativity of interactive multimedia design in mass communication with a case study of the digital edition of the New York Times
Authors: Haase Fee-Alexandra 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
This article presents a model and a case study of the narrative structures that are present in the interactive media design of multimedia applications in the mass media. As basic categories for the history and structure of media, we employ the model of the modes of the physical, analog, and digital presentation/representation. In this case study of the online edition of the New York Times, we have the case of a newspaper that in the digital edition employs multi-media applications. Contrasting the traditional concept of “narrativity” with the current status quo of the digital media outlets, we will examine the specific conditions of the multimedia applications in the mass media with this sample case of the New York Times. As narrative structure of interactive design in multimedia for mass communication, we analyze the types of narrative media and general narrativity in the New York Times with the background of its processes of interactivity and media convergence.
L’énonciation et l’avènement de Gaston Lagaffe
Authors: Duée Claude 
Published: November 2018

Résumé
Gaston Lagaffe est apparu en 1957 dans la revue Spirou dans une vignette au milieu d’une page de texte. Dans ce genre de revue de l’époque, le texte côtoyait la bande dessinée éditée sous la forme d’un feuilleton qu’un jour par semaine les jeunes allaient chercher avec avidité afin de savoir ce qui était arrivé à leur personnage préféré. C’est dans ce contexte qu’est né le personnage Gaston. Sa consolidation en tant que personnage puis (anti-)héros se fait petit à petit au fil des numéros, au fil des images et du discours, avec l’intervention des lecteurs, de l’auteur, des personnages qui tendent à s’effacer ou à être effacé pour laisser malgré eux la place à Gaston. C’est à travers la prise de parole de ce personnage, dont le discours était, dans un premier temps, uniquement imagé, qu’il s’est transformé et s’est constitué comme anti-héros. C’est donc l’émergence progressive de Gaston dans l’énonciation que nous allons ici étudier. Nous tenterons de montrer comment un personnage comme Gaston s’approprie l’énonciation visuelle et renverse les valeurs texte / image au profit de l’image / texte au point que le discours repose d’abord sur l’image, reléguant le discours oral (écrit) à certains moments clés qui feront avancer la transformation du personnage. Cette appropriation visuelle, liée à son statut de personnage, ne peut d’ailleurs se faire que grâce à la prise de parole, brève, de Gaston et à l’effacement de son concurrent, Fantasio.
Toward Identifying Subnetworks from FBF Binding Landscapes in Caenorhabditis Spermatogenic or Oogenic Germlines
Authors: Porter Douglas F , Prasad Aman , Carrick Brian H , Kroll-Connor Peggy , Wickens Marvin , Kimble Judith 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Metazoan PUF (Pumilio and FBF) RNA-binding proteins regulate various biological processes, but a common theme across phylogeny is stem cell regulation. In Caenorhabditis elegans, FBF (fem-3 Binding Factor) maintains germline stem cells regardless of which gamete is made, but FBF also functions in the process of spermatogenesis. We have begun to “disentangle” these biological roles by asking which FBF targets are gamete-independent, as expected for stem cells, and which are gamete-specific. Specifically, we compared FBF iCLIP binding profiles in adults making sperm to those making oocytes. Normally, XX adults make oocytes. To generate XX adults making sperm, we used a fem-3(gf) mutant requiring growth at 25°; for comparison, wild-type oogenic hermaphrodites were also raised at 25°. Our FBF iCLIP data revealed FBF binding sites in 1522 RNAs from oogenic adults and 1704 RNAs from spermatogenic adults. More than half of these FBF targets were independent of germline gender. We next clustered RNAs by FBF-RNA complex frequencies and found four distinct blocks. Block I RNAs were enriched in spermatogenic germlines, and included validated target fog-3, while Block II and III RNAs were common to both genders, and Block IV RNAs were enriched in oogenic germlines. Block II (510 RNAs) included almost all validated FBF targets and was enriched for cell cycle regulators. Block III (21 RNAs) was enriched for RNA-binding proteins, including previously validated FBF targets gld-1 and htp-1. We suggest that Block I RNAs belong to the FBF network for spermatogenesis, and that Blocks II and III are associated with stem cell functions.
Phosphorus-induced zinc deficiency in maize (Zea mays L.) on a calcareous chernozem soil
Authors: Csathó Péter , Árendás Tamás , Szabó Anita , Sándor Renáta , Ragályi Péter , Pokovai Klára , Tóth Zoltán , Kremper Rita 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
A long-term fertilizer experiment was set up on a calcareous chernozem soil with a wheat-maize-maize-wheat crop rotation, as part of the National Long-Term Fertilization Experiments (NLTFE) Network, set up with the same experimental pattern under different soil and agro-climatic conditions in Hungary. The effect of P fertilization on the soil, on maize yields, and on leaf P and Zn contents in the flowering stage were examined in the trials. In certain years, foliar zinc fertilizer was applied, in order to prove that yield losses due to P-induced Zn deficiency can be compensated by Zn application. Calcium-ammonium nitrate, superphosphate and 60% potassium chloride were used as NPK, and Zn-hexamine (in 1991) and Zn-sulphate (in 2006) as foliar Zn fertilizers.
In the years since 1970, averaged over 36 maize harvests, treatments N3P1K1 and N4P1K1, involving annual rates of 150 to 200 kg ha−1 N, 100 kg ha−1 K2O and 50 kg ha−1 P2O5, gave the highest yields (8.3 t ha−1 grain on average). As the years progressed, treatments exceeding 50 kg ha−1 P2O5 a year were found to have an increasingly unfavourable effect. Based on the yields of ten cycles (36 maize years), variants P2, P3 and P4 resulted in 16–30–45 t ha−1 grain yield losses in comparison to variant P1.
Investigations carried out in 1987, 1991 and 2006 showed that the leaf Zn content on plots with more than 150 to 200 mg kg−1 AL (ammonium lactate)-soluble P2O5 (over 30 mg kg−1 Olsen-P) dropped below 15 mg kg−1 and the P/Zn ratio rose to above 150 or even 250 in the flowering stage in two years. As a consequence of P-induced Zn deficiency, maize grain yields fell by 2 t ha−1 in two of the years investigated and by almost 5 t ha−1 in one year at the P4 level (200 kg ha−1 P2O5 year−1), in comparison to the P1 variant (50 kg ha−1 P2O5 year−1).
When 1.2 kg ha−1 foliar Zn was applied in the form of zinc hexamine, 1.7 to 1.8 t ha−1 maize grain yield surpluses were obtained on plots with higher P levels in 1991. In 2006 the P-induced Zn deficiency caused unexpectedly high (almost 5 t ha−1) grain yield losses on plots with higher P levels, so the maize grain yield surpluses obtained in response to 1.2 kg ha−1 foliar Zn application, in the form of zinc sulphate, were as high as 1.6 to 3.8 t ha−1.
The data clearly indicate that maize yields are impeded by both poor and excessive P status. Soil and plant analysis may be useful tools for monitoring the nutritional status of plants.
QUALIDADE E PRODUTIVIDADE ECONÔMICA DE CULTIVARES ALFACE CONDUZIDAS NAS CONDIÇÕES EDAFOCLIMÁTICAS DO SUDESTE PARAENSE
Authors: Santos Lima Michelane Silva , Borges Luciana Da Silva , Alves Santos Núbia De Fátima , Da Silva Melo Márcio Roberto , Sousa Vitor Quintela , Birani Sannah Mohamad , Silva Pedroso Augusto José , Gomes Rafaelle Fazzi 
Published: November 2018

Dentre as hortaliças consumidas no país, a alface, encontra-se em destaque em importância econômica e com relação à produtividade. A temperatura pode influenciar significativamente na alface, modificando a sua arquitetura, produção, ciclo e capacidade de suportar ao pendoamento. Dessa forma objetivou-se determinar a produção de cultivares alface e sua qualidade sob as condições edafoclimáticas do município de Paragominas-PA. O experimento foi conduzido na Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, campus de Paragominas, na área experimental de Horticultura. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados, com cinco tratamentos (diferentes cultivares), e com quatro repetições, 10 parcelas, sendo avaliado cinco cultivares de alface: Rafaela, Veneranda, Maravilha quatro estações roxa manteiga, Crespa e Black. Todos os dados obtidos foram analisados estatisticamente através da análise de variância, com teste F. Quando houve significância para o fator foi aplicado teste de Tukey (1%) para a comparação de médias. Nas condições deste experimento, pode-se verificar que a cv. Rafaela apresentou melhor produtividade econômica e melhor qualidade conforme as avaliações. No entanto as cultivares Black e Maravilha apresentaram um ciclo precoce para região. Demonstrando assim que essas três cultivares são mais adequadas para produção em regiões com alta temperatura, como é o caso da região sudeste paraense. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Lactuca sativa, Produção, Viabilidade.
ÍNDICE DE QUALIDADE DE DICKSON E CARACTERÍSTICA MORFOLÓGICA DE MUDAS DE PEPINO, PRODUZIDAS EM DIFERENTES SUBSTRATOS ALTERNATIVOS
Authors: Medeiros Maria do Bom Conselho Lacerda , Jesus Hanna Ibiapina , Santos Núbia de Fátima Alves , Melo Márcio Roberto Silva , Souza Vitor Quintela , Borges Luciana Silva , Guerreiro Amaralina Celoto , Freitas Luís Souza 
Published: November 2018

O pepino (Cucumis sativus L.) é uma hortaliça fruto de hábito indeterminado e anual, sendo muito apreciada em todas as regiões brasileiras. A grande versatilidade oferecida por esta cultura permite sua exploração em diferentes condições edafoclimáticas e níveis tecnológicos, garantindo sua importância econômica e social dentro do agronegócio de hortaliças no Brasil. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a qualidade de Dickson e as características morfológicas das mudas de pepino, produzidas em diferentes substratos obtido através do aproveitamento de recursos locais da região de Paragominas- Pará. O experimento foi conduzido na Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, campus de Paragominas, na área experimental de Horticultura, durante o período de fevereiro a março de 2016, utilizou-se o delineamento estatístico inteiramente casualizados, com quatro tratamentos e cinco repetições. Os tratamentos foram quatro substratos: resíduo de soja; palha de arroz; substrato comercial, e mistura. Foram avaliadas as seguintes características, altura, massa fresca, massa seca, massa fresca da raiz, massa seca da raiz, diâmetro, número de folhas e Índice de Qualidade de Dickson. Todos os dados foram analisados estatisticamente através do programa SISVAR, com teste F ao nível de 5% de probabilidade e as médias comparadas pelo teste de Tukey. Mediante aos resultados para os quatro tratamentos propostos utilizados para a produção de mudas de pepino, foi possível constatar que o substrato mistura favoreceu o crescimento das mudas em comparação aos demais tratamentos, se sobressaindo também para os resultados obtidos para Índice de Qualidade de Dickson. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Crescimento, Hortaliça, Palha de arroz, Resíduo de soja.
PADRÕES DE ALVOS EM SISTEMA PECUÁRIO EXTENSIVO DIAGNOSTICADOS POR TERMOGRAFIA INFRAVERMELHO NO OESTE DO PARÁ
Authors: Pilato Gersica Camargo , Martorano Lucieta Guerreiro , Silva Lílian Kátia Ximenes , Beldini Troy Patrick , Neves Kedson Alessandri Lobo 
Published: November 2018

Objetivou-se identificar padrões térmicos no sistema solo-planta-animal usando a termografia infravermelho para subsidiar estratégias de melhoria no sistema pecuário em propriedade rural no oeste do Pará. Foram realizadas capturas de imagens termográficas dos seguintes alvos: animal, pastagem, solo e floresta secundária, no mês de agosto de 2017. Dados climáticos foram analisados, considerando-se a série histórica homogênea (1979 a 2009), bem como dados agrometeorológicos para avaliar as condições de tempo no dia das coletas de campo. O Índice de Temperatura e Umidade (ITU) foi utilizado para avaliar se os animais se encontravam em condições de conforto térmico. Os termogramas gerados foram analisados no programa Flir Tools, 6.3v sendo considerados padrões térmicos em ordem decrescente, identificados pelas cores: branco, amarelo, vermelho e verde. O mês de agosto, de acordo com a climatologia da região, marca a redução das chuvas reforçando que as imagens termográficas por volta das 15h00min local apresentavam respostas sob a condição térmico-hídrica nos alvos imageados. O alvo mais quente foi o solo, apresentando temperatura superior, confirmada pelas maiores amplitudes térmicas. As perdas energéticas do animal também foram elevadas em decorrência da falta de vegetação arbórea, condicionado os animais a estresse térmico, confirmado pelo ITU. Conclui-se que nas áreas com floresta secundária e de pastagem apresentam temperaturas inferiores que os alvos animal e solo exposto. A termografia infravermelho apresenta-se como ferramenta de diagnóstico preciso sob as condições em que os alvos se encontram, indicando reduzidas amplitudes térmicas em alvos vegetados e altas variações em solo exposto ou pastagem em vias de degradação. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Homeotermia, Pastagem degradada, Regulação térmica.
RESPOSTA DO FEIJÃO-CAUPI À INOCULAÇÃO DE Bradyrhizobium japonicum, ADUBAÇÃO NITROGENADA E NITROGÊNIO DO SOLO
Authors: De Sousa Willian Nogueira , Brito Nayane Fonseca , Santos Fernanda Cristina , Barros Ianna Bizerra , De Sousa João Thiago Rodrigues , Sia Eliandra De Freitas , Reis Iolanda Maria Soares 
Published: November 2018

O feijão-caupi é uma importante cultura agrícola, apresenta capacidade de associação com bactérias que fixam o nitrogênio atmosférico, podendo reduzir custos com fertilizantes. O objetivo no trabalho foi avaliar a produtividade e crescimento de feijão-caupi submetidos à inoculação de bactérias fixadora de nitrogênio (Bradyrhizobium japonicum), adubação nitrogenada e nitrogênio do solo. O experimento foi desenvolvido na Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará, campus Santarém-Pará, nos meses de abril a julho de 2017, sob viveiro de mudas, em vasos, em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com nove tratamentos de cinco repetições cada. Os tratamentos foram: uso de inoculante, adubação nitrogenada e nitrogênio do solo e três tipos de feijão-caupi, Manteiguinha, IPA 207 e BRS Tumucumaque, as variáveis avaliadas foram, diâmetro do caule (DC), comprimento de planta (CP), número de grãos por vagem (NG) e produtividade por hectare (PG). Não houve diferença significativa para as variáveis DC, CP, NG e PG. O Manteiguinha apresentou maiores valores de CP e PG, que foi 1869,5 kg ha-1 quando submetido à adubação nitrogenada. O IPA 207 apresentou menor PG quando inoculada e maior PG com o uso da adubação nitrogenada que foi 2586,1 kg ha-1. Para o BRS Tumucumaque maior CP foram obtidos no tratamento que usou o nitrogênio do solo, no entanto nesse tratamento a PG foi a menor entre os tratamentos, maior produtividade foi obtido pelo uso da inoculação que foi de 2499,9 kg ha-1. A inoculação de Bradyrhizobium japonicum é eficiente para BRS Tumucumaque e ineficiente para IPA 207 em relação à produtividade. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Fixação biológica de nitrogênio, Fertilidade, Produtividade.
CRESCIMENTO E SOBREVIVÊNCIA DE ESPÉCIES ARBÓREAS EM SISTEMA AGROFLORESTAL EXPERIMENTAL EM SANTARÉM, PARÁ
Authors: Pimentel Cleise Rebelo , Carvalho Cezarina Do Socorro De Souza , Pauletto Daniela , Lopes Lucas Sérgio de Sousa , Rode Rafael 
Published: November 2018

Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o crescimento inicial e sobrevivência de três espécies florestais de importância econômica e ecológica implantadas em sistema agroflorestal sob diferentes condições de preparo de área e manejo. O experimento foi realizado na Fazenda Experimental da Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará – UFOPA, no período de nove meses, com as espécies: Ipê Amarelo (Handroanthus serratifolius (Vahl) S.O. Grose), Paricá (Schizolobium parahyba var. amazonicum (Huber ex Ducke) Barneby) e Mogno Brasileiro (Swietenia macrophylla King). Foram mensuradas as variáveis altura total (Ht) e diâmetro a altura do colo (DAC) utilizando trenas e paquímetro digital. Calculou-se as Taxas de Crescimento Relativo (TCR) das espécies para os parâmetros Ht e DAC. As análises foram realizadas através do software Bioestat. As espécies apresentaram respostas satisfatórias, para crescimento inicial, em relação as variáveis observadas podendo ser indicadas para plantio sistemas agroflorestais. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Amazônia, Agrofloresta, Espécies florestais.
Review on Anti-Cancer Activity in Wild Plants of the Middle East
Authors: Mayzlish-Gati Einav , Fridlender Marcelo , Nallathambi Rameshprabu , Selvaraj Gopinath , Nadarajan Stalin , Koltai Hinanit 
Published: November 2018

Background:
The Mediterranean basin is one of the richest biodiversity areas in the world, and
the use of medicinal plants for treating cancer in this area has been documented for generations
in different cultures.

Objective:
To present and discuss the findings related to medicinal plants with confirmed data
on active compounds and/or clear mode of action.

Methods:
We undertook a structured search of bibliography of peer-reviewed research literature
using key words and a focused review question. Papers with sufficient quality were reviewed,
their findings presented and integrated into a coherent, state of the art document on
wild plants of the Middle East with anti-cancer activity.

Results:
121 papers were included in the review, among them 10 define herbal medicine, 3
describe the status of cancer worldwide, 18 discuss biodiversity, chemodiversity, ethnopharmacological
survey and conservation of medicinal plants, 12 describe well known natural products
from plants used to treat cancer and 78 papers describe specific compounds and mode of action
in different wild plants from the middle east, traditionally used to treat cancer.

Conclusions:
Confirmed data on active compounds and/or clear mode of action exist for several
wild plants traditionally used in herbal medicine to treat cancer. Yet, medicinal plants were
mainly gathered from the wild, resulting in some of the commonly used herbs becoming endangered
species. Also, in many cases, the activity and biochemical profile of plants harvested
over different time spans and ecosystems may vary. Rational cultivation may ensure optimized
yield with a uniform high quality of products.
Influenza Virus: Small Molecule Therapeutics and Mechanisms of Antiviral Resistance
Authors: Han Julianna , Perez Jasmine , Schafer Adam , Cheng Han , Peet Norton , Rong Lijun , Manicassamy Balaji 
Published: November 2018

Background:
Influenza viruses cause severe upper respiratory illness in children and the
elderly during seasonal epidemics. Influenza viruses from zoonotic reservoirs can also cause pandemics
with significant loss of life in all age groups. Although vaccination is one of the most effective
methods to protect against seasonal epidemics, seasonal vaccines vary in efficacy, can be ineffective in
the elderly population, and do not provide protection against novel strains. Small molecule therapeutics
are a critical part of our antiviral strategies to control influenza virus epidemics and pandemics as
well as to ameliorate disease in elderly and immunocompromised individuals.

Objective:
This review aims to summarize the existing antiviral strategies for combating influenza viruses,
the mechanisms of antiviral resistance for available drugs, and novel therapeutics currently in
development.

Methods:
We systematically evaluated and synthesized the published scientific literature for mechanistic
detail into therapeutic strategies against influenza viruses.

Results:
Current IAV strains have developed resistance to neuraminidase inhibitors and nearly complete
resistance to M2 ion channel inhibitors, exacerbated by sub-therapeutic dosing used for treatment
and chemoprophylaxis. New tactics include novel therapeutics targeting host components and combination
therapy, which show potential for fighting influenza virus disease while minimizing viral resistance.

Conclusion:
Antiviral drugs are crucial for controlling influenza virus disease burden, but their efficacy
is limited by human misuse and the capacity of influenza viruses to circumvent antiviral barriers.
To relieve the public health hardship of influenza virus, emerging therapies must be selected for their
capacity to impede not only influenza virus disease, but also the development of antiviral resistance.
Endothelial and Circulating Progenitor Cells in Hematological Diseases and Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
Authors: Ruggeri Annalisa , Paviglianiti Annalisa , Volt Fernanda , Kenzey Chantal , Rafii Hanadi , Rocha Vanderson , Gluckman Eliane 
Published: November 2018

Background:
Circulating endothelial cells (CECs), originated form endothelial
progenitors (EPCs) are mature cells not associated with vessel walls and detached from the
endothelium. Normally, they are present in insignificant amounts in the peripheral blood of
healthy individuals. On the other hand, elevated CECs and EPCs levels have been reported
in the peripheral blood of patients with different types of cancers and other diseases.

Objective:
This review aims to provide an overview on the characterization of CECs and
EPCs, to describe isolation methods and to identify the potential role of these cells in hematological
diseases and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

Methods:
We performed a detailed search of peer-reviewed literature using keywords related
to CECs, EPCs, allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, and hematological
diseases (hemoglobinopathies, hodgkin and non-hodgkin lymphoma, acute leukemia, myeloproliferative
syndromes, chronic lymphocytic leukemia).

Results:
CECs and EPCs are potential biomarkers for several clinical conditions involving
endothelial turnover and remodeling, such as in hematological diseases. These cells may be
involved in disease progression and in the neoplastic process. Moreover, CECs and EPCs
are probably involved in endothelial damage which is a marker of several complications following
allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

Conclusion:
This review provides information about the role of CECs and EPCs in hematological
malignancies and shows their implication in predicting disease activity as well as
improving HSCT outcomes.