bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of Porous NiMo Sulfide Microspheres for High-Performance Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells and Supercapacitor
Authors: Yang Wen , Xia Bin , Lu Jiacheng , Yang Peizhi , Chen Xiaobo 
Published: March 2019

Novel hierarchical porous NiMoS4 microspheres with high electrochemical performance was successfully prepared using a facile one-step hydrothermal method. The dual application of porous NiMoS4 microspheres in energy harvesting and storage (i.e., dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) and supercapacitors (SCs), respectively) is explored. In contrast to NiS2 nanosheets, MoS2 nanosheets and Pt counter electrodes (CEs), the NiMoS4 microspheres CE demonstrated the lowest charge transfer resistance and highest electrocatalytic activity for the I[Formula: see text]/I− redox couple reaction. The NiMoS4-based DSSC showed a higher power conversion efficiency (8.9%) even than that of Pt-based DSSC (8.7%) under simulated standard global AM 1.5[Formula: see text]G sunlight (100[Formula: see text]mW[Formula: see text]cm[Formula: see text]). As an electroactive material for SCs, the assembled NiMoS4//AC asymmetric supercapacitor showed excellent specific capacitance (118.7[Formula: see text]F[Formula: see text]g[Formula: see text] at 1[Formula: see text]A[Formula: see text][Formula: see text], high energy density of 42.2[Formula: see text]Wh[Formula: see text]kg[Formula: see text] (with a power density of 799.2[Formula: see text]W[Formula: see text]kg[Formula: see text], and superior cycling durability with a specific capacitance retention of 79.5% after 9000 cycles at 3[Formula: see text]A[Formula: see text]g[Formula: see text].
Taxonomy and Evaluation for Microblog Popularity Prediction
Authors: Gao Xiaofeng , Cao Zhenhao , Li Sha , Yao Bin , Chen Guihai , Tang Shaojie 
Published: March 2019

As social networks become a major source of information, predicting the outcome of information diffusion has appeared intriguing to both researchers and practitioners. By organizing and categorizing the joint efforts of numerous studies on popularity prediction, this article presents a hierarchical taxonomy and helps to establish a systematic overview of popularity prediction methods for microblog. Specifically, we uncover three lines of thoughts: the feature-based approach, time-series modelling, and the collaborative filtering approach and analyse them, respectively. Furthermore, we also categorize prediction methods based on their underlying rationale: whether they attempt to model the motivation of users or monitor the early responses. Finally, we put these prediction methods to test by performing experiments on real-life data collected from popular social networks Twitter and Weibo. We compare the methods in terms of accuracy, efficiency, timeliness, robustness, and bias.
As far as we are concerned, there is no precedented survey aimed at microblog popularity prediction at the time of submission. By establishing a taxonomy and evaluation for the first time, we hope to provide an in-depth review of state-of-the-art prediction methods and point out directions for further research. Our evaluations show that time-series modelling has the advantage of high accuracy and the ability to improve over time. The feature-based methods using only temporal features performs nearly as well as using all possible features, producing average results. This suggests that temporal features do have strong predictive power and that power is better exploited with time-series models. On the other hand, this implies that we know little about the future popularity of an item before it is posted, which may be the focus of further research.
Lock–Unlock
Authors: Guerraoui Rachid , Guiroux Hugo , Lachaize Renaud , Quéma Vivien , Trigonakis Vasileios 
Published: March 2019

A plethora of optimized mutex lock algorithms have been designed over the past 25 years to mitigate performance bottlenecks related to critical sections and locks. Unfortunately, there is currently no broad study of the behavior of these optimized lock algorithms on realistic applications that consider different performance metrics, such as energy efficiency and tail latency. In this article, we perform a thorough and practical analysis of synchronization, with the goal of providing software developers with enough information to design fast, scalable, and energy-efficient synchronization in their systems. First, we perform a performance study of 28 state-of-the-art mutex lock algorithms, on 40 applications, on four different multicore machines. We consider not only throughput (traditionally the main performance metric) but also energy efficiency and tail latency, which are becoming increasingly important. Second, we present an in-depth analysis in which we summarize our findings for all the studied applications. In particular, we describe nine different lock-related performance bottlenecks, and we propose six guidelines helping software developers with their choice of a lock algorithm according to the different lock properties and the application characteristics.
From our detailed analysis, we make several observations regarding locking algorithms and application behaviors, several of which have not been previously discovered: (i) applications stress not only the lock–unlock interface but also the full locking API (e.g., trylocks, condition variables); (ii) the memory footprint of a lock can directly affect the application performance; (iii) for many applications, the interaction between locks and scheduling is an important application performance factor; (vi) lock tail latencies may or may not affect application tail latency; (v) no single lock is systematically the best; (vi) choosing the best lock is difficult; and (vii) energy efficiency and throughput go hand in hand in the context of lock algorithms. These findings highlight that locking involves more considerations than the simple lock/unlock interface and call for further research on designing low-memory footprint adaptive locks that fully and efficiently support the full lock interface, and consider all performance metrics.
SIGACT News Complexity Theory Column 100
Authors: Hemaspaandra Lane A. 
Published: March 2019

This is column number 100, and Bill Gasarch has very kindly made it an event! In particular, this issue's column is the third of Bill Gasarch's series of polls on the eld's thoughts on P vs. NP (and other central issues in complexity). The rst two polls in the series appeared as SIGACT News Complexity Theory Columns 36 and 74.
Warmest thanks to Bill Gasarch for having undertaken the huge task of creating the poll, gathering the responses, analyzing them, and writing this article on what the poll reveals, and to Clyde Kruskal who was Bill's magical elf on proofreading, polishing, and even knocking on doors to ask people what they think of P versus NP. (Psst: Bill and Clyde's 2019 book, "problems with a Point: Exploring Math and Computer Science" (https://www.worldscienti c.com/worldscibooks/10.1142/11261), sounds absolutely fascinating!)
Task-specific differences in respiration-related activation of deep and superficial pelvic floor muscles
Authors: Aljuraifani Rafeef , Stafford Ryan E. , Hall Leanne M. , van den Hoorn Wolbert , Hodges Paul W. 
Published: March 2019

The female pelvic floor muscles (PFM) are arranged in distinct superficial and deep layers that function to support the pelvic/abdominal organs and maintain continence, but with some potential differences in function. Although general recordings of PFM activity show amplitude modulation in conjunction with fluctuation in intra-abdominal pressure such as that associated with respiration, it is unclear whether the activities of the two PFM layers modulate in a similar manner. This study aimed to investigate the activation of the deep and superficial PFM during a range of respiratory tasks in different postures. Twelve women without pelvic floor dysfunction participated. A custom-built surface electromyography (EMG) electrode was used to record the activation of the superficial and deep PFM during quiet breathing, breathing with increased dead space, coughing, and maximal and submaximal inspiratory and expiratory efforts. As breathing demand increased, the deep PFM layer EMG had greater coherence with respiratory airflow at the frequency of respiration than the superficial PFM ( P = 0.038). During cough, the superficial PFM activated earlier than the deep PFM in the sitting position ( P = 0.043). In contrast, during maximal and submaximal inspiratory and expiratory efforts, the superficial PFM EMG was greater than that for the deep PFM ( P = 0.011). These data show that both layers of PFM are activated during both inspiration and expiration, but with a bias to greater activation in expiratory tasks/phases. Activation of the deep and superficial PFM layers differed in most of the respiratory tasks, but there was no consistent bias to one muscle layer.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Although pelvic floor muscles are generally considered as a single entity, deep and superficial layers have different anatomies and biomechanics. Here we show task-specific differences in recruitment between layers during respiratory tasks in women. The deep layer was more tightly modulated with respiration than the superficial layer, but activation of the superficial layer was greater during maximal/submaximal occluded respiratory efforts and earlier during cough. These data highlight tightly coordinated recruitment of discrete pelvic floor muscles for respiration.
Hydrogen Sulfide Detection in the Midinfrared Using a 3D-Printed Resonant Gas Cell
Authors: Bonilla-Manrique Oscar E. , Moser Harald , Martín-Mateos Pedro , Lendl Bernhard , Ruiz-Llata Marta 
Published: March 2019

A fast and reliable photoacoustic (PA) sensor for trace gas detection is reported. The sensor is based on a 3D-printed resonant cell in combination with a continuous wave mode-hop-free external cavity quantum cascade laser to rapidly acquire gas absorption data in the midinfrared range. The cell is designed so as to minimize the window PA background at a selected acoustic resonance. The goal is a resonant PA cell capable of detecting the traces of gases using wavelength modulation of the laser source and second harmonic detection. The versatility and enhancement of the limit of detection at sub-ppm levels are investigated by monitoring specific lines of hydrogen sulfide (H2S). The noise-equivalent absorption normalized to laser-beam power and detection bandwidth is 1.07×10-8 W cm-1 Hz-1/2 for H2S targeting the absorption line at 1247.2 cm−1. These properties make the sensor suitable for various practical sensors for water quality applications.
miRNA-148a-3p Regulates Immunosuppression in DNA Mismatch Repair–Deficient Colorectal Cancer by Targeting PD-L1
Authors: Ashizawa Mai , Okayama Hirokazu , Ishigame Teruhide , Thar Min Aung Kyi , Saito Katsuharu , Ujiie Daisuke , Murakami Yuko , Kikuchi Tomohiro , Nakayama Yuko , Noda Masaru , Tada Takeshi , Endo Hisahito , Fujita Shotaro , Sakamoto Wataru , Saito Motonobu , Saze Zenichiro , Momma Tomoyuki , Ohki Shinji , Mimura Kosaku , Kono Koji 
Published: March 2019

Abstract

Immunotherapy against the interaction between programmed cell death 1/programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) has emerged as a promising strategy for colorectal cancer with mismatch repair deficiency (dMMR) or microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H). The study aimed to identify miRNAs that posttranscriptionally control PD-L1 expression on tumor cells and also regulate immune evasion. A comprehensive miRNA screening using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset (n = 260) combined with eight different miRNA target prediction programs resulted in the identification of a tumor suppressive miRNA, miR-148a-3p, as a potential negative regulator of PD-L1 expression, particularly in dMMR/MSI-H colorectal cancer. Using multiple cohorts of colorectal cancer, including TCGA data, a microarray dataset (n = 148), and formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded samples (n = 395), we found that the expression of miR-148a-3p was decreased in dMMR/MSI-H tumors, correlating inversely with PD-L1 levels. We demonstrate that miR-148a-3p directly binds to the 3′-untranslated region of PD-L1, thereby reducing whole-cell and cell surface PD-L1 levels in HCT116 and SW837 cell lines. Overexpression of miR-148a-3p repressed IFNγ-induced PD-L1 expression on tumor cells and consequently diminished T-cell apoptosis in a coculture model of IL2-activated T cells and IFNγ-treated tumor cells. In conclusion, our data support a regulatory mechanism of PD-L1 expression on tumor cells and immune suppression via miR-148a-3p downregulation in colorectal cancer.

Implications:
This study provides novel evidence that miR-148a-3p negatively regulates tumor cell PD-L1 expression and decreased levels of miR-148a-3p contributes to the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment.
Appropriating the Trinity for an Inclusive Christian Vision on Development
Authors: Lin Peirong 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
In this article, an inclusive Christian vision for the development sector is sketched. A clearer understanding of the Christian vision is useful to guide Christian development institutions as they deliberate their priorities in the broader development sector. This vision appropriates the Trinity, a core Christian doctrine that is included in all Christian orthodox traditions. It focuses on the revelation of God in this world and the understanding of the missio Dei. The article clarifies the particular way that development institutions participate in this mission, through social justice. Justice is understood as the pursuing of the wellbeing of the other in light of God’s love. For a fuller understanding of God’s love, the way that each divine person clarifies the understanding of social justice, and therefore the subsequent development sector, is outlined.
A New Parameter to Assess Impact of Rain Gauge Density on Uncertainty in the Estimate of Monthly Rainfall over India
Authors: Prakash Satya , Seshadri Ashwin , Srinivasan J. , Pai D. S. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractRain gauges are considered the most accurate method to estimate rainfall and are used as the “ground truth” for a wide variety of applications. The spatial density of rain gauges varies substantially and hence influences the accuracy of gridded gauge-based rainfall products. The temporal changes in rain gauge density over a region introduce considerable biases in the historical trends in mean rainfall and its extremes. An estimate of uncertainty in gauge-based rainfall estimates associated with the nonuniform layout and placement pattern of the rain gauge network is vital for national decisions and policy planning in India, which considers a rather tight threshold of rainfall anomaly. This study examines uncertainty in the estimation of monthly mean monsoon rainfall due to variations in gauge density across India. Since not all rain gauges provide measurements perpetually, we consider the ensemble uncertainty in spatial average estimation owing to randomly leaving out rain gauges from the estimate. A recently developed theoretical model shows that the uncertainty in the spatially averaged rainfall is directly proportional to the spatial standard deviation and inversely proportional to the square root of the total number of available gauges. On this basis, a new parameter called the “averaging error factor” has been proposed that identifies the regions with large ensemble uncertainties. Comparison of the theoretical model with Monte Carlo simulations at a monthly time scale using rain gauge observations shows good agreement with each other at all-India and subregional scales. The uncertainty in monthly mean rainfall estimates due to omission of rain gauges is largest for northeast India (~4% uncertainty for omission of 10% gauges) and smallest for central India. Estimates of spatial average rainfall should always be accompanied by a measure of uncertainty, and this paper provides such a measure for gauge-based monthly rainfall estimates. This study can be further extended to determine the minimum number of rain gauges necessary for any given region to estimate rainfall at a certain level of uncertainty.
Impact of Race and Ethnicity on End-of-Life Experiences for Children With Cancer
Authors: Kaye Erica C. , Gushue Courtney A. , DeMarsh Samantha , Jerkins Jonathan , Li Chen , Lu Zhaohua , Snaman Jennifer M. , Blazin Lindsay , Johnson Liza-Marie , Levine Deena R. , Morrison R. Ray , Baker Justin N. 
Published: March 2019

Background: Racial and ethnic disparities in the provision of end-of-life care are well described in the adult oncology literature. However, the impact of racial and ethnic disparities at end of life in the context of pediatric oncology remains poorly understood. Objective: To investigate associations between end-of-life experiences and race/ethnicity for pediatric patients with cancer. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 321 children with cancer enrolled on a palliative care service at an urban pediatric cancer who died between 2011 and 2015. Results: Compared to white patients, black patients were more likely to receive cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR; odds ratio [OR]: 4.109, confidence interval [CI]: 1.432-11.790, P = .009) and underwent 3.136 (CI: 1.433-6.869, P = .004) CPR events for every 1 white patient CPR event. The remainder of variables related to treatment and end-of-life care were not significantly correlated with race. Hispanic patients were less likely to receive cancer-directed therapy within 28 days prior to death (OR: 0.493, CI: 0.247-0.982, P = .044) as compared to non-Hispanic patients, yet they were more likely to report a goal of cure over comfort as compared to non-Hispanic patients (OR: 3.094, CI: 1.043-9.174, P = .042). The remainder of variables were not found to be significantly correlated with ethnicity. Conclusions: Race and ethnicity influenced select end-of-life variables for pediatric palliative oncology patients treated at a large urban pediatric cancer center. Further multicenter investigation is needed to ascertain the impact of racial/ethnic disparities on end-of-life experiences of children with cancer.
The crystal structure of Ni-rich gordaite–thérèsemagnanite from Cap Garonne, France
Authors: Mills Stuart J. , Missen Owen P. , Favreau Georges 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe crystal structure of Ni-rich gordaite–thérèsemagnanite has been determined from a sample collected at pillar 80 in the North mine, Cap Garonne, Var, France. The structure was refined toR1= 0.0693 for 935 reflections withI&gt; 2σ(I). The mineral is isostructural with gordaite, forming a layered structure with an extensive hydrogen-bonding network. The possible polytypic relationship between gordaite, thérèsemagnanite and guarinoite is also discussed. The guarinoite formula (Zn,Co,Ni)6(SO4)(OH,Cl)10·5H2O is also likely to be incorrect and is more likely to be Na(Zn,Co)4(SO4)(OH)6Cl·5–6H2O, meaning that guarinoite is equivalent to Co-rich gordaite-2Hand would not be a distinct mineral species.
Regulation of fiber-specific actin expression by the Drosophila SRF ortholog Blistered
Authors: DeAguero Ashley A. , Castillo Lizzet , Oas Sandy T. , Kiani Kaveh , Bryantsev Anton L. , Cripps Richard M. 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACT
Serum response factor (SRF) has an established role in controlling actin homeostasis in mammalian cells, yet its role in non-vertebrate muscle development has remained enigmatic. Here, we demonstrate that the single Drosophila SRF ortholog, termed Blistered (Bs), is expressed in all adult muscles, but Bs is required for muscle organization only in the adult indirect flight muscles. Bs is a direct activator of the flight muscle actin gene Act88F, via a conserved promoter-proximal binding site. However, Bs only activates Act88F expression in the context of the flight muscle regulatory program provided by the Pbx and Meis orthologs Extradenticle and Homothorax, and appears to function in a similar manner to mammalian SRF in muscle maturation. These studies place Bs in a regulatory framework where it functions to sustain the flight muscle phenotype in Drosophila. Our studies uncover an evolutionarily ancient role for SRF in regulating muscle actin expression, and provide a model for how SRF might function to sustain muscle fate downstream of pioneer factors.
mTOR controls embryonic and adult myogenesis via mTORC1
Authors: Rion Nathalie , Castets Perrine , Lin Shuo , Enderle Leonie , Reinhard Judith R. , Eickhorst Christopher , Rüegg Markus A. 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACT
The formation of multi-nucleated muscle fibers from progenitors requires the fine-tuned and coordinated regulation of proliferation, differentiation and fusion, both during development and after injury in the adult. Although some of the key factors that are involved in the different steps are well known, how intracellular signals are coordinated and integrated is largely unknown. Here, we investigated the role of the cell-growth regulator mTOR by eliminating essential components of the mTOR complexes 1 (mTORC1) and 2 (mTORC2) in mouse muscle progenitors. We show that inactivation of mTORC1, but not mTORC2, in developing muscle causes perinatal death. In the adult, mTORC1 deficiency in muscle stem cells greatly impinges on injury-induced muscle regeneration. These phenotypes are because of defects in the proliferation and fusion capacity of the targeted muscle progenitors. However, mTORC1-deficient muscle progenitors partially retain their myogenic function. Hence, our results show that mTORC1 and not mTORC2 is an important regulator of embryonic and adult myogenesis, and they point to alternative pathways that partially compensate for the loss of mTORC1.
This article has an associated ‘The people behind the papers’ interview.
The Rho family GEF FARP2 is activated by aPKCι to control tight junction formation and polarity
Authors: Elbediwy Ahmed , Zhang Yixiao , Cobbaut Mathias , Riou Philippe , Tan Ray S. , Roberts Selene K. , Tynan Chris , George Roger , Kjaer Svend , Martin-Fernandez Marisa L. , Thompson Barry J. , McDonald Neil Q. , Parker Peter J. 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACT
The elaboration of polarity is central to organismal development and to the maintenance of functional epithelia. Among the controls determining polarity are the PAR proteins, PAR6, aPKCι and PAR3, regulating both known and unknown effectors. Here, we identify FARP2 as a ‘RIPR’ motif-dependent partner and substrate of aPKCι that is required for efficient polarisation and junction formation. Binding is conferred by a FERM/FA domain–kinase domain interaction and detachment promoted by aPKCι-dependent phosphorylation. FARP2 is shown to promote GTP loading of Cdc42, which is consistent with it being involved in upstream regulation of the polarising PAR6–aPKCι complex. However, we show that aPKCι acts to promote the localised activity of FARP2 through phosphorylation. We conclude that this aPKCι−FARP2 complex formation acts as a positive feedback control to drive polarisation through aPKCι and other Cdc42 effectors.
This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.