bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Central Nervous System Infections Complicating Immunosuppression and Transplantation
Authors: Pruitt Amy A. 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE OF REVIEW
This article reviews infections associated with cancer treatments and immunosuppressive/immunomodulatory therapies used in both neoplastic and non-neoplastic conditions, including hematopoietic cell transplantation and solid organ transplantation. It provides a clinical approach to the most commonly affected patient groups based on clinicoanatomic presentation and disease-specific risks resulting from immune deficits and drugs received.

RECENT FINDINGS
The clinical presentations, associated neuroimaging findings, and CSF abnormalities of patients with central nervous system infections who are immunocompromised may differ from those of patients with central nervous system infections who are immunocompetent and may be confused with noninfectious processes. Triggering of brain autoimmunity with emergence of neurotropic antibodies has emerged as a recognized parainfectious complication. New unbiased metagenomic assays to identify obscure pathogens help clinicians navigate the increasing range of conditions affecting the growing population of patients with altered immunity.

SUMMARY
Despite evidence-based prophylactic regimens and organism-specific antimicrobials, central nervous system infections continue to cause significant morbidity and mortality in an increasing range of patients who are immunocompromised by their conditions and therapies. Multiple new drugs put patients at risk for progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, which has numerous imaging and clinical manifestations; patients at risk include those with multiple sclerosis, for whom infection risk is becoming one of the most important factors in therapeutic decision making. Efficient, early diagnosis is essential to improve outcomes in these often-devastating diseases.
Effects of Sprint-Interval and Endurance Respiratory Muscle Training Regimens
Authors: SCHAER CORINA E. , WÜTHRICH THOMAS U. , BELTRAMI FERNANDO G. , SPENGLER CHRISTINA M. 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Recently a novel, time-saving respiratory muscle sprint-interval training (RMSIT) was developed. To test the extent to which RMSIT improves respiratory muscle performance compared with a conventional respiratory muscle endurance training (RMET), a novel incremental respiratory muscle test (IncRMT), loading inspiratory and expiratory muscles, was designed to assess performance changes associated with respiratory muscle training (RMT).

Methods
Healthy, moderately trained males and females (age: 26 ± 5 yr, V˙O2peak: 47 ± 12 mL·min−1·kg−1) were randomized and balanced to three groups (RMSIT 5m/5f; RMET 6m/6f; PLAT 5m/6f). Lung function, respiratory muscle strength, and IncRMT performance were tested before and after 1 month of RMT. During the IncRMT, muscle activity and muscle deoxygenation were assessed via surface EMG and near-infrared spectroscopy of sternocleidomastoid (STERNO), intercostal (INTER), and abdominal (ABDO) muscles.

Results
Two-way ANOVA revealed a main effect of training for increased maximal voluntary ventilation (P = 0.001) and maximal inspiratory pressure (P = 0.017). Both RMT groups increased work of breathing during training sessions to the same extent (RMSIT: +17.4 ± 8.9 kJ; RMET: +26.2 ± 16.1 kJ; P = 0.143) with a larger increase in average mouth pressure in RMSIT (RMSIT: +20.0 ± 15.0 cm H2O; RMET: +3.3 ± 1.5 cm H2O; P = 0.001). After training, IncRMT duration increased in both RMT groups compared with PLAT (RMSIT: +5.6 ± 2.1 min, P = 0.0006 vs PLAT; RMET: +3.8 ± 4.2 min, P = 0.020 vs PLAT). At similar work, only INTER activity during inspiration increased after RMET. Higher performance after RMSIT was associated with higher activity in STERNO and ABDO, but after RMET, STERNO, INTER, and ABDO showed higher activity.

Conclusion
One month of RMSIT and RMET shows similar improvements in respiratory muscle performance despite different duration of training sessions. Also, muscular adaptations might differ.
Baseline Concussion Clinical Measures Are Related to Sensory Organization and Balance
Authors: VANDER VEGT CHRISTINA B. , REGISTER-MIHALIK JOHNA K. , FORD CASSIE B. , RODRIGO COREY J. , GUSKIEWICZ KEVIN M. , MIHALIK JASON P. 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACTPurposeThis study aimed to examine relationships among baseline demographics, symptom severity, computerized neurocognitive outcomes, and balance performance in collegiate athletes.MethodsCollegiate varsity athletes (N= 207, age = 19.3 ± 1.0 yr) participating in an ongoing clinical research program who completed concussion baseline assessments including a demographic questionnaire, a graded symptom checklist, a neurocognitive assessment, and the Sensory Organization Test (SOT) were included in this study. The SOT composite equilibrium score (COMP) and three sensory ratio scores—vestibular (VEST), visual (VIS), and somatosensory (SOM)—were used to describe athletes’ overall sensory organization and ability to use input from each sensory system to maintain balance. Separate stepwise multiple linear regression models were performed for each SOT outcome. Total symptom severity level and CNS Vital Signs domain scores served as predictor variables.ResultsStepwise regression models for COMP (R2= 0.18,F4,201= 11.29,P< 0.001), VEST (R2= 0.14,F4,201= 8.16,P< 0.001), and VIS (R2= 0.10,F4,201= 5.52,P< 0.001) were all significant. Faster reaction times and higher executive function scores were associated with higher COMP and VEST scores in separate models. Those with faster reaction times also had significantly higher VIS scores.ConclusionReaction time and executive function demonstrated significant relationships with SOT balance performance. These cognitive processes may influence athletes’ ability to organize and process higher-order information and generate appropriate responses to changes in their environment, with respect to balance and injury risk. Future investigations should consider these relationships after injury, and clinicians should be mindful of this relationship when considering concussion management strategies.
The Effect of Dietary Protein on Protein Metabolism and Performance in Endurance-trained Males
Authors: WILLIAMSON ERIC , KATO HIROYUKI , VOLTERMAN KIMBERLY A. , SUZUKI KATSUYA , MOORE DANIEL R. 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT
Recommendations for dietary protein are primarily based on intakes that maintain nitrogen (i.e., protein) balance rather than optimize metabolism and/or performance.

Purpose
This study aimed to determine how varying protein intakes, including a new tracer-derived safe intake, alter whole body protein metabolism and exercise performance during training.

Methods
Using a double-blind randomized crossover design, 10 male endurance-trained runners (age, 32 ± 8 yr; V˙O2peak, 65.9 ± 7.9 mL O2·kg−1·min−1) performed three trials consisting of 4 d of controlled training (20, 5, 10, and 20 km·d−1, respectively) while consuming diets providing 0.94 (LOW), 1.20 (MOD), and 1.83 (HIGH) g protein·kg−1·d−1. Whole body protein synthesis, breakdown, and net balance were determined by oral [15N]glycine on the first and last day of the 4-d controlled training period, whereas exercise performance was determined from maximum voluntary isometric contraction, 5-km time trial, and countermovement jump impulse (IMP) and peak force before and immediately after the 4-d intervention.

Results
Synthesis and breakdown were not affected by protein intake, whereas net balance showed a dose–response (HIGH > MOD > LOW, P < 0.05) with only HIGH being in positive balance (P < 0.05). There was a trend (P = 0.06) toward an interaction in 5-km Time Trial with HIGH having a moderate effect over LOW (effect size = 0.57) and small effect over MOD (effect size = 0.26). IMP decreased with time (P < 0.01) with no effect of protein (P = 0.56). There was no effect of protein intake (P ≥ 0.06) on maximum voluntary isometric contraction, IMP, or peak force performance.

Conclusion
Our data suggest that athletes who consume dietary protein toward the upper end of the current recommendations by the American College of Sports Medicine (1.2–2 g·kg−1) would better maintain protein metabolism and potentially exercise performance during training.
Dynamic Cerebral Autoregulation Is Maintained during High-Intensity Interval Exercise
Authors: TSUKAMOTO HAYATO , HASHIMOTO TAKESHI , OLESEN NIELS D. , PETERSEN LONNIE G. , SØRENSEN HENRIK , NIELSEN HENNING B. , SECHER NIELS H. , OGOH SHIGEHIKO 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT

Introduction
High-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) is more effective at increasing metabolic and cardiovascular health compared with moderate-intensity continuous exercise for patients with cardiovascular disease, but exhaustive high-intensity continuous exercise attenuates dynamic cerebral autoregulation (CA). This study assessed the effect of HIIE on dynamic CA.

Methods
Nine healthy men (age, 24 ± 3 yr; mean ± SD) warmed up at 50%–60% maximal workload (W
max) for 5 min before HIIE including four 4-min bouts of exercise at 80%–90% W
max interspaced by four 3-min bouts at 50% to 60% W
max. Transcranial Doppler determined middle cerebral artery mean blood velocity (MCA V
mean), and brachial artery catheterization determined mean arterial pressure (MAP). Dynamic CA was evaluated by transfer function analysis of changes in MAP and MCA V
mean.

Results
The HIIE increased MAP (from 92 ± 9 to 104 ± 10 mm Hg; P < 0.0125), whereas MCA V
mean did not change. Transfer function phase increased and coherence decreased during HIIE (P < 0.0125 vs rest, respectively), whereas gain was unchanged.

Conclusions
The results suggest that dynamic CA is unaffected during HIIE, indicating that the brain is protected from fluctuations in MAP. Thus, we propose that HIIE may be beneficial for brain-related health as maintenance of cerebral perfusion in contrast to high-intensity continuous exercise.
Cardiorespiratory Fitness, Adiposity, and Heart Rate Variability: The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study
Authors: CHEN LIN Y. , ZMORA RACHEL , DUVAL SUE , CHOW LISA S. , LLOYD-JONES DONALD M. , SCHREINER PAMELA J. 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT

Purpose
The importance of cardiorespiratory fitness versus adiposity in determining heart rate variability (HRV) is unclear.

Methods
From the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults study, an observational cohort study, we included 2316 participants (mean age = 45.2 ± 3.6 yr at year 20, 57% female, 43% Black) with HRV measured in 2005–2006 (year 20) and graded exercise test duration (GXTd) and adiposity measures (body mass index and waist circumference) obtained in 1985–1986 (baseline) and 2005–2006. HRV measures (SD of all normal RR intervals [SDNN] and square root of the mean value of the squares of differences between all successive RR intervals [RMSSD]) were obtained from resting 30-s 12-lead ECG. Cross-sectional associations between GXTd, adiposity, and HRV were assessed at year 20. Longitudinal changes in GXTd and adiposity measures were categorized as ≥10% increase, <10% change (no change), or ≥10% decrease. We used multivariable logistic regression to assess associations of GXTd and adiposity measures with unfavorable versus more favorable HRV (lower 25th percentile vs upper 75th percentile).

Results
A 1-SD increment in GXTd was associated with 22% and 32% lower odds of unfavorable SDNN and RMSSD, respectively; associations remained significant after adjustment for adiposity. A 1-SD increment in adiposity measures was associated with 16%–28% higher odds of unfavorable RMSSD; associations were not significant after adjustment for GXTd. Compared with no change/increase in GXTd, longitudinal decrease in GXTd was significantly associated with 55% and 94% higher odds of unfavorable SDNN and RMSSD, respectively, at year 20. These associations remained significant after adjusting for adiposity.

Conclusion
Cardiorespiratory fitness may be a stronger determinant of HRV than adiposity. Intervention studies are needed to better determine the differential effects of improved cardiorespiratory fitness versus weight loss on HRV.
SUPERPLASTIC DEFORMATION OF TWO PHASE MgLiAl ALLOY AFTER TCAP PRESSING
Authors: Dutkiewicz Jan Marek , Rusz Stanislav , Kuc Dariusz , Hilser Ondrej , Pałka Paweł , Boczkal Grzegorz 
Published: October 2018

<span> In the edition: Acta Metallurgica Slovaca, Acta Metallurgica Slovaca, Vol.</span><br /><span>&gt; 23, 2017, No. 3, p. 215-221 in the acknowledgements it was such statement</span><br /><span>&gt; "financial support of the OPUS research project No. 2014/15/B/ST8/03184 is</span><br /><span>&gt; gratefully acknowledged." I did not put financed by NCN National Science</span><br /><span>&gt; Centre.Is it possible to make erratum, because they do not want to include</span><br /><span>&gt; this publication in my grant report.</span><br /><span>&gt; I would be very grateful for this correction and I am sorry to bother you</span><br /><span>&gt; with my mistake.</span><br /><span>&gt; With best regards</span><br /><span>&gt; Jan Dutkiewicz</span>
La rappresentazione del costrutto “scienza” nei manuali diagnostici. Una ricerca esplorativa sull’uso del termine scientifico nell’icd-10, nel dsm-5 e nel pdm
Authors: Iudici Antonio , Neri Jessica , Faccio Elena 
Published: October 2018

Ogni disciplina e approccio teorico si caratterizzano per la ricerca di un definito grado di scientificità che li possa legittimare. Nella comprensione dei fenomeni psicologici e nel campo terogeneo della psicologia clinica si possono trovare espressioni linguistiche e criteri legati alla scienza differenti tra loro, con altrettante ricadute pragmatiche. In questa ricerca si sono esplorati i significati legati all’uso del termine “scientifico” in alcuni manuali diagnostici: icd-10, dsm-5 e pdm. Il método usato è stato quello della rappresentazione perspicua, ovvero un sistema di analisi linguistica volta a individuare alcune unità simboliche presenti nei manuali. I risultati hanno onsentito di sottolineare i significati legati ai diversi modi di intendere la scientificità e di avanzare lcune proposte operative. In conclusione, si può mettere in evidenza come l’uso del costrutto “scienza” e le espressioni linguistiche ad esso collegate sia molto differente nei tre manuali indagati e fa riferimento a campi di significato molto differenti l’uno dalle altre. Si evidenzia infine l’importanza di fondare il costrutto “scienza” in funzione dei propri specifici riferimenti concettuali.Parole chiave: linguaggio, diagnosi, epistemología, rappresentazione perspicua.
Significados y contribuciones de las prácticas profesionales a la formación de pregrado en psicología
Authors: Echeverri Gallo Catalina 
Published: October 2018

La psicología ha logrado hacer presencia en la sociedad colombiana en diferentes escenarios con el incremento visible del número de instituciones de educación superior que ofrecen esta formación y de estudiantes que eligen la psicología para desempeñarse laboralmente. Esta investigación buscó comprender los significados que construyeron algunos estudiantes del pregrado en psicología de una universidad privada de la ciudad de Medellín (Colombia) alrededor de sus prácticas profesionales. Desde un diseño cualitativo, se utilizó el método de investigación documental. La muestra estuvo conformada por 335 proyectos elaborados por los estudiantes al inicio de sus prácticas profesionales y 269 informes realizados al finalizarlas. Los resultados indican que las prácticas profesionales son las experiencias formativas más significativas de los estudiantes durante su trayectoria académica, al permitirles adquirir aprendizajes por fuera del aula, articular las teorías con las dinámicas del entorno, y acercarlos al quehacer del psicólogo para la apropiación de su identidad profesional y la posterior inserción laboral. Así, las prácticas profesionales se constituyen en un proceso clave para la formación ética e idónea del psicólogo en la actualidad.Palabras clave: práctica profesional, psicología, formación profesional superior, educación superior.
O projeto Vigotskiano para uma psicologia científica: anotações sobre “O Significado Histórico da Crise da Psicologia”
Authors: Moura da Costa Eduardo , Batista Martins João 
Published: October 2018

O presente artigo tem como objetivo apresentar o desdobramento de algumas das principais formulações sobre o método da psicologia desenvolvidas por Vigotski no seu manuscrito “O significado histórico da crise da psicologia”, concluído em 1927 e publicado pela primeira vez em 1982. A partir da seleção e leitura de alguns textos escritos após o manuscrito, empreendemos uma análise comparativa para demonstrar que, a pesar do manuscrito não ter sido preparado para publicação, várias de suas ideias essenciais estão contidas na produção subsequente. Seu rognóstico para a crise da psicologia vem da adoção da concepção materialista da realidade e do étodo analítico de cognição dos fatos. Apresentamos sua visão materialista dos fenómenos sicológicos, bem como as bases do método analítico e não descritivo desses fenômenos. Apontamos que o “método genético-experimental” é a base para suas pesquisas futuras. Por fim, pontuamos que sua obra deve ser lida historicamente, isto é, muitos principios fundamentais apresentados no manuscrito já estavam presentes em pesquisas anteriores.Palavras-chave: Vigotski, crise da psicologia, método da psicologia
PEMODELAN PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI DI PROVINSI BANTEN MENGGUNAKAN MIXED GEOGRAPHICALLY WEIGHTED REGRESSION
Authors: Yasin Hasbi , Warsito Budi , Hakim Arief Rachman 
Published: October 2018

Economic growth can be measured by amount of Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP). Based on official news of statistics BPS, Economic growth in Banten region has increase up to 5.59%. It supported by several sector, there are agriculture, business, industry and from various fields. Mixed Geographically Weighted Regression (MGWR) methods have been developed based on linear regression by giving spatial effect or location (longitude and latitude), the resulting model from Economic growth in Banten will be local or different based on each location. MGWR mixed method between linear regression and GWR, parameters in linear regression are global and GWR parameters are local. The results more specific because economic growth in Banten region assessed by location.Keywords: Banten, Economic growth, MGWR.
Rytmy czasu, meandry pamięci. O poezji Bogusławy Latawiec
Authors: Rygielska Małgorzata 
Published: October 2018

This paper deals with the problems of time and temporality in the poetry of Bogusława Latawiec ranging from one of her first volumes of poetry (Przestrzenie [Spaces ], 1975) to the recently released Zmowy [Collusions] (2015). The passage of time, various ways of perceiving and sensing it are the overarching themes of her oeuvre (both prose and poetry). Her poetry, characterized by a remarkable linguistic discipline, a skillful use of formal devices and a close connection between the images and the sonic layer of her poems, highlights the importance of linking the experience of time and its passage with the issues of subjectivity and identity. Personal time converges here with historical, physical and mechanical time. It gains a material dimension: it becomes measurable and even tangible. This is noticeable in the poet’s latest minor volumes: Gdyby czas był ziemią [If time was the Earth ] (2011) and in Zmowy [Collusions ] (2015).
GnRH analog is ineffective in increasing adult height in girls with puberty onset after 7 years of age: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Franzini I A , Yamamoto F M , Bolfi F , Antonini S R , Nunes-Nogueira V S 
Published: October 2018

Objective
We assessed the effectiveness of puberty blockade with a gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) analog in increasing adult height (AH) in girls with puberty onset between 7 and 10 years of age.

Methods
We performed a systematic review and included controlled studies in which girls with early puberty (EP) were assigned to the GnRH analog or no treatment groups. The primary outcome analyzed was AH. Search strategies were applied to the MEDLINE, EMBASE, LILACS and CENTRAL databases.

Results
We identified 1514 references, and six studies fulfilled our eligibility criteria. Two studies were randomized and four were not randomized. At the baseline of each trial, height, chronological age, bone age, predicted AH (PAH) and target height (TH) were equal between the groups. All studies used intramuscular triptorelin every 28 days in the intervention groups. The mean duration of the therapy was 2 years. Meta-analysis of AH among the six studies (comprising 332 girls) showed no significant difference between the groups (mean difference = 0.50 cm, 95% confidence interval = −0.72 to 1.73 cm, I
2 = 0%). In a sub-group analysis based on PAH (<155 cm and <TH; <TH, but >155 cm and equal to TH), there was no difference in average AH between the groups. The quality of evidence according to the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach was low.

Conclusion
We found no evidence from controlled experimental and observational studies that compared with no treatment, the use of GnRH analogs improved AH in girls with EP.
Planned Concomitant Left and Right Ventricular Assist Device Insertion to Avoid Long-term Biventricular Mechanical Support: Bridge to Right Ventricular Recovery
Authors: Salna Michael , Shudo Yasuhiro , Teuteberg Jeffrey J , Banerjee Dipanjan , Ha Richard V. , Woo Y. Joseph , Hiesinger William 
Published: October 2018

Introduction: The planned use of a temporary right ventricular assist device (RVAD) at the time of left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation may prevent the need for a permanent biventricular assist device (BiVAD). Herein we describe our RVAD weaning protocol that was effectively employed in 4 patients to prevent the need for permanent BiVAD.
Methods: Four patients in refractory cardiogenic shock underwent planned RVAD insertion during LVAD implantation due to severely depressed right ventricular function with dilation preoperatively. A standardized RVAD weaning protocol was employed in these 4 patients in preparation for decannulation.
Results: Temporary RVADs were successfully placed in all 4 patients at the time of LVAD implantation. All patients survived to RVAD decannulation and discharge and were alive at the time of most recent follow-up (range, 528-742 days post–RVAD decannulation).
Conclusion: Planned implantation of a temporary RVAD in high risk patients may avoid the need for biventricular mechanical support in the future.
Comparison of Continuous and Interrupted Suturing Techniques in Ventricular Septal Defect Closure
Authors: Sen Onur , Kadirogullari Ersin , Aydin Unal , Guler Salih , Haydin Sertaç 
Published: October 2018

Background: Our goal is to evaluate postoperative outcomes of continuous versus interrupted suturing techniques in ventricular septal defect (VSD) closure surgery.
Methods: The study included 286 patients with isolated VSD who underwent VSD closure surgery between June 2010 and April 2017. VSD closure was performed by using the interrupted suturing technique in group 1 (n = 74, 25.9%) and the continuous suturing technique in group 2 (n = 212, 74.1%). The groups were compared in terms of mortality and rates of clinical morbidities such as infection and complete atrioventricular (AV) block.
Results: Early mortality occurred in 3 cases in group 1 (4.0%) and 5 cases in group 2 (2.3%). There was no late mortality in either group. One patient from both groups required extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) at postoperative 48 hours. Five patients in group 1 (6.8%) and 11 patients in group 2 (5.2%) developed complete AV block postoperatively and received permanent pacemaker implants.
Conclusion: Complication rates were similar between the patient groups operated on by using continuous and interrupted suturing techniques in our study, suggesting that neither technique is superior for VSD closure surgery.