bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of mineral substances on the synthesis of volatile organic compounds by Pleurotus ostreatus in the process of solid phase cultivation
Authors: Vlasenko E. N. , Kuznetcova O. V. , Stepnevskaya J. V. 
Published: February 2018

Mineral substances play an important role in ensuring high-grade growth and high organoleptic quality of the fruit bodies of basidiomycetes. In the process of solid-phase cultivation of the mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq.: Fr.) Kumm. the lignocellulosic substrates were enriched with mineral additives of calcium, iron and selenium. Their influence on the synthesis of volatile aroma compounds was investigated by the methods of sensory profile analysis and ultraviolet spectroscopy. Mineral additives in the form of CaCl2, FeSO2•7H2O and Na2SeO3 salts were added to the substrate (sunflower husk, barley straw) before sterilization in concentrations that correspond to the physiological needs of the mushrooms. When carrying out a sensory profile analysis of dried fruit bodies, the following attributes of the flavor were determined: mushroom, woody, sweet, herbaceous, fish, meat, floral, earthy, acidic, putrescent. The conducted profile analysis showed an unequal dependence of the effect of mineral additives for each of the P. ostreatus strains. For IBK-549 and IBK-1535, an increase in the intensity of mushroom notes of aroma was observed with the addition of calcium and selenium to the husks, and for IBK-551, this was observed with the addition of iron and selenium to both substrates. The volatile aroma compounds were extracted with hexane at boiling point for 30 minutes. Absorption spectra were recorded in the wavelength range 200–330 nm. The examined extracts had light absorption maxima at 200–210 and 260–300 nm, which is typical for solutions of unsaturated compounds that have non-conjugated double bonds, saturated and unsaturated aldehydes and ketones. Additions of iron to the substrates increased the intensity of light absorption in comparison with the control. Additions of selenium selectively influenced different strains, and calcium ions did not significantly affect the change in the intensity of light absorption, and therefore the synthesis of volatile compounds by mushrooms. The level of synthesis of aroma-forming substances was higher when cultivating fungi on sunflower husks than on barley straw. This was confirmed both by the obtained aroma profiles and by the recorded absorption spectra of all examined strains. The study showed the possibility of influencing the organoleptic qualities of P. ostreatus fruiting bodies during solid-phase cultivation by supplementing the composition of lignocellulosic substrates with various mineral additives.
Comparative characteristics of the composition of microbial associations of the gastrointestinal tract in humans in the norm and during dysbiosis
Authors: Shevchenko T. M. , Rozhnyeva I. L. , Dyklenko T. V. , Voronkova O. S. 
Published: February 2018

The causes of the imbalance of the microbiota of the human body, in particular the intestines, are diverse: they include changes in environmental conditions, inappropriate nutrition and the use of harmful products, acute intestinal infections, chronic diseases and dysfunction of the gastrointestinal tract, the widespread use of antibiotics, reduced immunological reactivity of the organism, etc. Dysbiosis is accompanied by an increase of the detection frequency and quantity of opportunistic microorganisms. Such changes are characterized by negative consequences that can provoke the development of a number of complications of the functioning of various systems and organs of the human body. If significant deviations of the composition of the microflora compared to the state of the norm take place, it is absolutely necessary to correct it, which is possible with the use of preparations based on microbial cultures – probiotics. However, the mechanisms of antagonistic relationships between representatives of opportunistic microflora and normal non-pathogenic flora from different ecotopes of the macroorganism have not been completely studied. At the same time, it is known that the development of various forms of infectious processes, both acute and chronic, depends on the manifestation of pathogenicity and the persistence of a potential pathogen. Important for the correction of dysbiotic states is knowledge of the microbiota composition characteristics, including the formation of associations by individual of microorganisms in the associations, which in each case requires the development of individual approaches to therapy. In view of this, the aim of our research was to analyze the frequency of detection of opportunistic microorganisms and their associations in people with dysbiosis of gastrointestinal tract. As a result of our studies on the composition of the microflora of the gastrointestinal tract, in the contingent of the surveyed persons dysbiosis was confirmed for 56 (77.8%) individuals. It was determined that during normobiosis the formation of the following associations was typical: triple and five-membered 25.0%, six-membered – 18.8%, and most numerous-four membered associations – 31.3%. Of these, bacterial associations were determined in 87.5% of cases, bacterial-fungi associations – in 12.5%. During dysbiosis of the gastrointestinal tract, the following groups of microorganisms were isolated: Staphylococcus – 87.5%, Citrobacter – 64.3%, Klebsiella – 51.8%, Streptococcus – 50.0%, Serratia – 25%, Candida – 21.4%, and Hafnia – 5.4%, which were the part of the associations: six members – 37.5%, four members constituted – 25.0%, five members – 21.4%,three members – 14.3%, and a double association – 1.8%. Bacterial associations were determined in 78.6% of cases, bacterial-fungi associations – in 21.4%.
Species-specific response to acute hyperthermal stress of Haworthia (Asphodelaceae) plants
Authors: Nuzhyna N. V. , Gaidarzhy M. M. , Aviekin Y. V. 
Published: February 2018

An increase in environmental temperature is one of the most common stress factors for plant organisms. The study of the plants’ adaptation to stress factors remains extremely important and relevant. This article presents the results of a acute short-term influence of hyperthermia on species of two subgenera of the genus Haworthia Duval. We investigated the different levels of antioxidant protection and damage degree of the members of two subgenera of the genus Haworthia at the biochemical level, measuring the lipid peroxidation, superoxide dismutase and peroxidase activities, total flavonoid content and content of photosynthetic pigments with a spectrophotometer. To determine the drought tolerance of plants, the water supply of tissues, water shortage and loss of water after an hour of wilting were measured. The values for different groups were compared by ANOVA followed by the Tukey multiple comparison test. The studied plants were warmed in a thermostat at temperatures of 40 °C and 50 °C for three hours under the conditions of natural light. The control group of plants was kept at 25 °C. The research has shown that H. attenuata, H. limifolia and H. cymbiformis are characterized with the increase of concentration of malonic dialdehyde at 40 °C and 50 °C, but a significant difference of values wasn’t received,which indicates the relative resistance of these plants to the influence of high temperatures. The sharp increase of temperature causes the highest level of lipid peroxidation in H. parksiana plants, along with which, warming to 50 °C launches a mechanism of activation and synthesis of superoxide dismutase and flavonoids for the plants. The studied species of the subgenus Haworthia have a photosynthetic system relatively resistant to thermal stress in comparison to the subgenus Hexangulares. H. limifolia plants have a slight inhibition of photosynthesis. The adaptation of H. cymbiformis to thermal stress is due to the strategy of accumulation of a pool of active enzymes, superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, flavonoids under normal conditions and the activation of new peroxidase enzymes as a result of stress. H. attenuata is characterized by activation of new enzymes of superoxide dismutase and peroxidase under stress. It was found that H. cymbiformis and H. attenuata are more heat resistant in comparison with the other two species. Acute short-term hyperthermia has a different influence on the antioxidant system of different species of Haworthia. H. limifolia has the highest drought tolerance, H. cymbiformis has the lowest, the other two species from different subgenera have similar drought tolerance indicators. We did not find any dependence of the mechanisms of action of the antioxidant system under hyperthermia on the type of adaptation to arid conditions at the anatomical level in plants of different subgenera of the genus Haworthia.
Impact of ions of zinc and cadmium on body weight, fertility and condition of the tissues and organs of Procambarus virginalis (Decapoda, Cambaridae)
Authors: Marenkov O. M. , Holoborodko K. K. , Voronkova U. S. , Nesterenko O. S. 
Published: February 2018

Heavy metals cause functional disorders in the tissues and organs of hydrobionts, affecting their linear-weight indicators, reproductive system, digestive and eliminative organs. Using the method of histological estimation of the conditions of the tissues and organs of Procambarus virginalis Lyko, 2017 allowed us to determine the peculiarities of adaptation of crustaceans to the effect of different concentrations of heavy metal ions in the conditions of a modeling experiment. We studied the impact ions of zinc (0.1 mg/l) and cadmium (0.01 mg/l) on the organism of P. virginalis. The heavy metal ions had a negative effect on the weight indicators, survivability and reproduction of P. virginalis. During the experiments with zinc, we observed death of 18.2% of the tested сrustaceans; the highest death rate was observed in the experiment with cadmium – 27.3%. Experimentally modeled concentrations of heavy metals negatively affected the reproductive system of P. virginalis. In the experiment with cadmium ions, we observed no spawning; the highest percentage of the females with deposed eggs was observed in the control – 29.1%. The conducted studies allowed us to observe the reaction of the eliminatory system of P. virginalis to the impact of heavy metal ions. The impact of ions of zinc and cadmium decreased the area of secretory cells of the green gland by 10.4–14.8%. We observed grinding of the nuclear cell apparatus. Therefore, the nucleii of granulocytes were 23.6% smaller under the impact of zinc, and 17.5% smaller under the influence of cadmium. The sizes of cells and nucleus apparatus decreased mutually and proportionally; this was proven by stable indicators of nucleus-cytoplasm ratio, its value equaled 0.29–0.31 units. The given concentrations of heavy metals did not affect the histological condition of the adipose tissue, the sizes of adipocytes fluctuated within the range of 215–2178 μm2, the average equaled 872–994 μm2. We determined the negative effect of heavy metals on the histological structure of the hepatopancreas and the value of gland lumens. In the control, the area of previous section equaled 164.5 μm2 with 39 μm2 lumen. During the experiment with zinc ions the structures of hepatopancreas increased by 19.9%, and in the experiment with cadmium, we observed the highest increase in the structural elements of the tissues – by 50.2%. The worst histological condition of the cells of the tested tissues and organs of P. virginalis was observed among individuals impacted by the cadmium ions; this is explained by the high toxic effect of this heavy metal.
RUNX3 gene in renal cell cancer
Authors: Joob Beuy , Wiwanitkit Viroj 
Published: February 2018

Dear Editor, we read the publication on “The expression of RUNX3 gene in renal cell cancer and its clinical relevance with serum vascular endothelial growth factor” with a great interest. Parmar <em>et al</em>. concluded that “Lower expression of RUNX3 in renal cancer suggests its tumor suppressive role”. In fact, the role of RUNX3 is well clarifi d in several malignancies. It is no doubt there is the similar observation for the case of renal cell carcinoma. In the present report, there are some limitations as noted by Parmar <em>et al</em>. An important consideration is the possible concurrent effect of another genetic factor that might modify the fi phenotypic manifestation. In case of RUNX3, the effect of concurrent p53 is well clarifi and should be studied.
KERAGAMAN PLASMA NUTFAH KEDELAI BERDASARKAN KERAGAAN KARAKTER MORFO-AGRONOMIS
Authors: Suhartina Suhartina , Hapsari Ratri Tri , Purwantoro Purwantoro 
Published: February 2018

<p>Plasma nutfah berperan penting dalam penyediaan sumber gen sebagai bahan dasar perakitan varietas unggul. Karakterisasi, yang dilanjutkan dengan pengelompokan plasma nutfah akan sangat bermanfaat untuk mengetahui keragaman dan keunggulan aksesi. Karakterisasi morfo-agronomis telah dilakukan pada sebanyak 214 aksesi plasma nutfah kedelai koleksi Balitkabi pada musim kemarau (MK) I 2013 di KP Jambegede. Data karakteristik morfo-agronomis selanjutnya dianalisis menggunakan analisis komponen utama (<em>PCA</em>) dan gerombol (<em>clustering</em>). Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa dari sebanyak 15 karakter morfo-agronomis yang diuji, nilai keragaman totalnya sebesar 72,7%. Berdasarkan analisis gerombol, diketahui bahwa 214 aksesi plasma nutfah dapat dikelompokkan menjadi empat kelompok. Kelompok I dicirikan dengan warna hipokotil ungu dan warna bunga ungu serta warna hilum coklat muda, Kelompok II dicirikan dengan warna hipokotil hijau dan warna bunga putih, warna hilum coklat, coklat tua, dan campuran, tinggi tanaman pendek, ukuran biji kecil sampai sedang, umur masak genjah sampai sedang. Kelompok III dicirikan dengan jumlah cabang banyak, jumlah polong isi yang tinggi, batang yang tinggi, umur masak dalam, ukuran biji kecil. Kelompok IV dicirikan dengan jumlah buku subur banyak, ukuran biji besar, warna polong kuning, dan umur masak genjah. Beberapa aksesi diketahui memiliki potensi sebagai sumber gen dalam program pemuliaan, yaitu MLGG 0313 dan MLGG 0417, MLGG 0752 (umur genjah), dan MLGG 0768 (potensi hasil tinggi, berbiji besar, dan berumur genjah).</p>
Adaptabilitas Bobot Umbi Plasma Nutfah Talas (Colocasia esculenta L.) Adaptability of Corn Weight of Taro (Colocasia esculenta L.) Germplasm
Authors: Setyowati Mamik 
Published: February 2018

<p>Perakitan varietas unggul talas ditentukan oleh ketersediaan plasma nutfah sebagai sumber gen yang akan digunakan dalam program pemuliaan tanaman talas. Koleksi plasma nutfah talas yang telah ada perlu dimanfaatkan. Untuk memanfaatkan plasma nutfah perlu diketahui karakteristik adaptabilitas yang dimiliki oleh plasma nutfah. Plasma nutfah tanaman talas sebanyak 149 aksesi telah ditanam di Kebun Percobaan Pacet, Jawa Barat pada tahun 2008-2013. Analisis data bobot umbi dilakukan untuk mengetahui tingkat adaptabilitas bobot umbi terhadap indek lingkungan melalui analisis regresi. Hasil evaluasi bobot umbi plasma nutfah talas pada lingkungan yang memiliki variasi relatif kecil umumnya tidak mengalami perubahan hasil. Aksesi yang memiliki adaptabilitas negatif terhadap perubahan kesuburan lahan, semakin subur lingkungan semakin rendah bobot umbinya adalah varietas Ungu/Ketan dan varietas Kimpul. Aksesi talas yang memiliki respon negatif dapat dikembangkan atau bahan pemuliann talas untuk lahan kurang subur. Aksesi yang memiliki adaptabilitas positif, semakin subur lahan semakin tinggi bobot umbinya terdapat 12 aksesi. Dua aksesi yang mengindikasikan lebih peka terhadap perubahan lingkungan dibandingkan dengan aksesi yang lain adalah varietas Karangasem dan varietas Talas Sutera.</p>
Geologic Modeling of Eagle Ford Facies Continuity Based on Outcrop Images and Depositional Processes
Authors: Tahmasebi Pejman , Javadpour Farzam , Frébourg Gregory 
Published: February 2018

SummaryGeologic modeling of mudrock reservoirs is complicated by the presence of multiscale heterogeneities and lithofacies lateral discontinuity. The resolution of wireline logs is also too low to capture many small-scale heterogeneities that affect fluid flow. In addition, the large distance between logged wells results in uncertain long-range correlations. Supplementary to wireline log data, high-resolution outcrop images offer a direct representation of detailed heterogeneities and lithofacies connectivity. We used high-resolution panoramic outcrop images to collect data on lithofacies heterogeneity and the role that depositional processes play in this heterogeneity. We then used these data in different classes of reservoir algorithms—two-point-based, object-based, and higher-order statistics—to build a geologic model. To present our methodology, we used data collected from Eagle Ford outcrops in west Texas. We found the higher-order-statistics method to be especially efficient, capable of reproducing details of heterogeneity and lithofacies connectivity.
In-situ bioremediation of groundwater using a meshfree model and particle swarm optimization
Authors: Mategaonkar Meenal , Eldho T. I. , Kamat Sahajanand 
Published: February 2018

AbstractGroundwater contamination due to contaminants like trichloroethylene (TCE), tetrachloroethylene, dichloroethylene, phenol, etc., is an alarming concern for most of the manufacturing areas. It is important to identify the type of pollutant, concentration, location, and direction of the contaminant plume for groundwater remediation. Bioremediation has been identified as one of the important remediation techniques for these types of contaminants. Bioremediation modeling comprises solutions to biodegradation equations and fixing the time of remediation and locating the oxygen injection wells. In this study, a simulation-optimization (S/O) model based on the coupled meshfree point collocation method (MFree-PCM) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) is proposed for in-situ bioremediation design. The in-situ bioremediation process of groundwater contamination is explored using the developed PCM-BIO-PSO multi-objective model with different strategies of minimization of cost, number of wells and time of remediation. The proposed model can be effectively used for the in-situ bioremediation design of contaminated sites.
Assessment of variability in runoff coefficients and their linkages with physiographic and climatic characteristics of two contrasting catchments
Authors: Sharma Priyank J. , Patel Premlal , Jothiprakash Vinayakam 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
In the present study, long-term spatio-temporal variability in runoff coefficient (C) for different drainage areas of Upper Tapi basin, India, is analysed. The Upper Tapi basin is divided into two sub-catchments, Burhanpur and Purna, which are contrasting in nature in terms of their physiographic and climatic characteristics. The digital filter algorithm has been used to separate the base flow from observed streamflow for respective drainage areas. The sensitivity of the parameters involved in base flow separation is assessed by incorporating the hydrological and hydrogeological properties of individual drainage areas. The C values are then computed at different temporal scales, namely, daily, monthly, seasonal and annual, for different drainage areas. The effects of physiographic features such as topography, geology, soil type, and land use; and climatic features such as rainfall, temperature, and evapotranspiration, on the variability of C values are further investigated. The analyses reveal that Burhanpur sub-catchment (C = 0.39) yields higher C value compared to Purna sub-catchment (C = 0.11) at annual time scale. The C values clearly highlight the diversity in response of both sub-catchments, due to their distinct physiographic and climatic characteristics, and enabled us to study the variability in annual water balance of the basin.
Korelasi perubahan nilai VO2max, eritrosit, hemoglobin dan hematokrit setelah latihan high intensity interval training
Authors: Putra Kukuh Pambuka , Al Ardha Muchamad Arif , Kinasih Angkit , Aji Redyte Setio 
Published: February 2018

Kebugaran kardiorespirasi memungkinkan aktivitas fisik dalam waktu lama dan memerlukan oksigen untuk mendapatkan energi. Transpor oksigen dimediasi oleh hemoglobin yang terdapat dalam eritrosit. Kebugaran kardiorespirasi dapat diukur berdasarkan nilai VO2max. Metode latihan High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) terbukti dapat meningkatkan VO2max. Namun belum jelas apakah peningkatan VO2max diiringi dan berhubungan dengan perubahan nilai hemoglobin, eritrosit dan hematokrit. Penelitian ini mempelajari korelasi perubahan nilai VO2max, hemoglobin, eritrosit dan hematokrit sebelum dan sesudah latihan HIIT selama 8 minggu. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, VO2max meningkat sebesar 7,33±4,03 (ml·kg-1·min-1) atau 20,36% (p<0,05), hemoglobin dan eritrosit meningkat sebesar 0,04±0,63 atau 0,24% (p>0,05) dan 0,02±0,22·106/µL atau 0,32% (p>0,05) sedangkan hematokrit mengalami penurunan sebesar 0,12±2% dari volume darah atau 0,27% (p>0,05) dari nilai pre-test. Uji korelasi menunjukkan ada hubungan (p<0,05) antara perubahan nilai hemoglobin, eritrosit dan hematokrit, namun tidak terdapat hubungan (p>0,05) dengan peningkatan VO2max. Correlation of Change in VO2Max, Hemoglobin, Erythrocytes, and Hematocrit After High Intensity Interval Training AbstractCardiorespiratory fitness allows physical activity for a long time and requires oxygen to gain energy. Oxygen transport mediated by hemoglobin present in erythrocytes. Cardiorespiratory fitness can be measured based on VO2max values. High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) have been shown to improve VO2max. It is not clear whether the increase in VO2max is accompanied and associated with changes in hemoglobin, erythrocyte and hematocrit values. This study aim to find out the correlation of VO2max, hemoglobin, erythrocyte and hematocrit changes before and after HIIT for 8 weeks. The results VO2max increased by 7.33±4.03 (ml·kg-1·min-1) or 20.36% (p<0.05), hemoglobin and erythrocytes increased by 0.04±0.63 or 0.24% (p>0.05) and 0.02±0.22·106/μL or 0.32% (p>0.05) whereas the hematocrit decreased by 0.12±2% of blood volume or 0.27% (p>0.05) of the pre-test value. The correlation test showed a correlation (p<0.05) between changes in hemoglobin, erythrocyte and hematocrit values, but no relationship (p>0.05) with increased VO2max.