bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification and characterization of a new long noncoding RNA iab‐1 in the Hox cluster of silkworm, Bombyx mori identification of iab‐1
Authors: Wang Honglei , Hu Hai , Xiang Zhonghuai , Lu Cheng , Dai Fangyin , Tong Xiaoling 
Published: May 2019

AbstractLong noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) areinvolvedin a variety of biological processes. In silkworm, numerous lncRNAs have been predicted through deep transcriptome sequencing, but no functional role has been experimentally validated yet. Here, we characterized a new lncRNA iab‐1 that was mainly encoded by the intergenic region between Bmabd‐A and Bmabd‐B in the Homeobox (Hox) cluster of the silkworm, Bombyx mori. More than seven alternative splicing isoforms of lncRNA iab‐1 were cloned, which were subgrouped into types 1 and 2 based on the location of the 3′‐ends. The iab‐1 was expressed at a low level, but the expression of iab‐1 peaked at several specific development stages, including 3 to 4 days during the embryonic stage, stages before fourth molting, and the sixth hour after the fourth molting, and early stages during metamorphosis. It was highly expressed in the nervus and epidermis, especially the epidermis of the posterior abdomen at the fourth instar premolting stage. The relationship between iab‐1 and nearby Hox genes was analyzed at different developmental stages. Iab‐1 expression was highly associated with Bmabd‐A as well as Bmabd‐B in the embryonic and larval stages, while this association was decreased at the metamorphic stage; iab‐1 expression was highly associated with BmUbx only in the embryonic stage. Downregulation of iab‐1 expression by small interfering RNA led to the death of most of the treated individuals at the larval stage, suggesting that iab‐1 transcript expression might be involved in certain relevant physiological processes. The expression of Bmabd‐A and Bmabd‐B did not change in iab‐1 downregulated individuals, indicating that the relevance between the two genes and iab‐1 was not induced by iab‐1 transcript. Collectively, the results showed that the newly identified iab‐1 may be involved in some physiological processes, and the interaction between iab‐1 and Hox genes was also preliminarily analyzed.
Antitumor activity of SR splicing‐factor 5 knockdown by downregulating pyruvate kinase M2 in non–small cell lung cancer cells
Authors: Yan Jiliang , Zhang Dongya , Han Yanjie , Wang Zhongjie , Ma Chunyan 
Published: May 2019

AbstractSR splicing‐factors (SRSFs) play a vital role in carcinogenesis. SRSF5 was demonstrated to be upregulated in lung cancer and identified as a novel prognostic indicator for small‐cell lung cancer. However, the role of SRSF5 in the pathogenesis of non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and the molecular mechanism involved are still undefined. The expression of SRSF5 in NSCLC cells was detected by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis. The proliferation of cells was evaluated by cell counting kit‐8 and BrdU assays. Apoptosis was assessed by flow cytometry and Western blot analysis of apoptosis‐associated proteins including B‐cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl‐2), Bax, and cytochrome C (Cyt C). Glycolysis was detected by determining glucose consumption, lactate production, and pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) expression. We found that SRSF5 messenger RNA and protein levels were elevated in NSCLC cells. SRSF5 knockdown inhibited the proliferation and Ki67 expression in NSCLC cells. SRSF5 silencing increased the apoptotic rate, upregulated Bax and Cyt C, and decreased Bcl‐2 level in NSCLC cells. Moreover, Knockdown of SRSF5 repressed glycolysis in NSCLC cells via reducing PKM2 expression. Enhanced glycolysis by PKM2 overexpression attenuated the effects of SRSF5 silencing on NSCLC cell proliferation and apoptosis. Overall, knockdown of SRSF5 inhibited proliferative ability and induced apoptosis by suppressing PKM2 expression in NSCLC cells.
Study of intramolecular interactions in aspirin
Authors: Cotes Sandra , Cotuá Jose 
Published: May 2019

AbstractA detailed quantum chemical study of the solvent effects in the intramolecular hydrogen bonding, conformational stability, and reactivity of aspirin has been performed using density functional theory (DFT) at the B3LYP/6‐31G(d) theory level. Seven conformational isomers, three of them presenting intramolecular hydrogen bonds, have been located. Thermochemical functions have been computed, and relative energies and free enthalpies have been determined in gas and aqueous phases. Several molecular properties have been calculated to predict the ability of aspirin to acylate cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes. A six‐membered‐ring hydrogen‐bonded conformer was found to be the most reactive species. The solvation in aqueous phase increases the reactivity and strengthens intramolecular hydrogen bonding.
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells modified by angiogenin‐1 promotes tissue repair in mice with oxygen‐induced retinopathy of prematurity by promoting retinal stem cell proliferation and differentiation
Authors: Ma Qian‐Qian , Liu Fang‐Yu , Shi Meng , Sun Chang‐Hua , Tan Zhu , Chang Xiao‐Dan , Li Qiu‐Ping , Feng Zhi‐Chun 
Published: May 2019

AbstractRetinopathy has become one of the major factors that lead to blindness worldwide. Although many clinical therapies are concerned about such disease, most of them focus on symptoms alleviation. In this study, we aim to investigate whether coculture retinal stem cells (RSCs) with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells transfected with angiogenin‐1 (Ang‐1‐BMSCs) affects the damaged retinal tissue of oxygen‐induced retinopathy of prematurity (OIR‐ROP) mice. After OIR‐ROP mouse model establishment, Ang‐1‐BMSCs, RSCs, and OIR‐ROP retinal tissues were cocultured in a a transwell chamber. RSCs proliferation and the expression of Ang‐1, insulin‐like growth factor‐1 (IGF‐1) in the supernatant of RSCs, as well as β‐tubulin and protein kinase C (PKC) expression were evaluated. Finally, the repair of OIR‐ROP mice retinal tissues was observed by injecting Ang‐1‐BMSCs + RSCs. In the OIR‐ROP mouse model, RSCs cocultured with OIR‐ROP retinal tissues could be induced to differentiate into cells expressing β‐tubulin and PKC and promote the expression of Ang‐1 and IGF‐1. coculture of Ang‐1‐BMSCs further enhanced the proliferation and differentiation of RSCs by promoting the expression of Ang‐1 and IGF‐1. Coculture of RSCs + Ang‐1‐BMSCs induced differentiation of Ang‐1‐BMSCs through interaction among intercellular factors and restored the damaged retinal tissue of OIR‐ROP mice. Collectively, our study provided evidence that coculture of Ang‐1‐BMSCs and RSCs could promote the proliferation and differentiation of RSCs and improve the treatment for the damaged retina tissue of OIR‐ROP mice.
From clinic to mechanism: Proteomics‐based assessment of angiogenesis in adrenal pheochromocytoma
Authors: Sun Fukang , Zhuo Ran , Ma Wenming , Yang Da , Su Tingwei , Ye Lei , Xu Danfeng , Wang Weiqing 
Published: May 2019

AbstractAdrenal pheochromocytoma (PCC) is a very rare tumor that stems from chromaffin cells, which can develop into malignant tumor. During the operation, abundant blood vessels were often observed in PCC than other adrenal tumors, which increases the difficulty and risk of the surgery. Therefore, it is important to investigate the mechanism of PCC angiogenesis. Twelve surgical specimens of PCC from Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University were grouped into high and low microvessel density (MVD) group. They were also divided into rich blood supply and nonenriched blood supply group, according to computed tomography (CT) manifestation. Comparative proteomic analysis based on liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) and bioinformatics analysis revealed that 206 proteins differentially regulated in the high MVD group compared with low MVD group (p < 0.05). Besides, 61 proteins were discovered to be significantly changed when the 12 samples were grouped according to CT manifestation. By intersecting the differentially changed protein from MVD and CT grouping, 25 proteins were filtered out, with pathological function. COX4I2 was verified to be increased gradually with angiogenesis with increasing severity, and PLAT was shown to be decreased with angiogenesis in PCC, by quantitative reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry. The quantitative proteomics result indicated that the tumor angiogenesis in PCC is associated with hypoxia. COX4I2 and PLAT were highly correlated with blood supply in PCC which contribute to angiogenesis in PCC, which could be used as biomarkers to better indicate tumor angiogenesis, or targets to regress tumor angiogenesis as treatment.
SP1‐mediated overexpression of lncRNA LINC01234 as a ceRNA facilitates non‐small‐cell lung cancer progression via regulating OTUB1
Authors: Xie Jing‐jing , Guo Qun‐yi , Jin Jian‐ying , Jin Dan 
Published: May 2019

AbstractLong noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been confirmed to be strongly associated with the progression of various types of cancer. LncRNA LINC01234 (LINC01234) is a newly identified tumor‐related lncRNA whose upregulation has been confirmed in some tumors. However, its potential expressions and possible functions in non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have not been explored. In this study, we first found that LINC01234 expressions were distinctly upregulated in both NSCLC samples and cell lines using RT‐PCR. Our group also showed that LINC01234 upregulations were modulated by nuclear transcription factor SP1. The results form clinical investigations indicated that high LINC01234 expressions were associated with positively lymph node metastasis and advanced tumor‐metastasis‐node (TMN) stage. Kaplan‐Meier assays indicated that patients with NSCLC having high LINC01234 expressions tend to have unfavorable clinical prognosis. Using multivariate assays, it was confirmed that LINC01234 was an independent prognostic factor for patients with NSCLC. In vitro assays showed that inhibition of LINC01234 suppressed NSCLC cell proliferation, cell colony formation and metastasis, and greatly promoted apoptosis. Mechanistic investigations revealed LINC01234 promotes the progression of NSCLC cells by the modulation of miR‐140 to positively regulate OTUB1 expression. Taken together our findings, they provided an exhaustive assay of LINC01234 in NSCLC and imperative clues for insights into the potential effects of lncRNAs‐miRNAs regulatory network in NSCLC.
Measuring biomaterials mechanics with atomic force microscopy. 1. Influence of the loading rate and applied force (pyramidal tips)
Authors: Weber Andreas , Iturri Jagoba , Benitez Rafael , Toca‐Herrera José L. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractAtomic force microscopy (AFM) is today an established tool in imaging and determination of mechanical properties of biomaterials. Due to their complex organization, those materials show intricate properties such as viscoelasticity. Therefore, one has to consider that the loading rate at which the sample is probed will lead to different mechanical response (properties). In this work, we studied the dependence of the mechanical properties of endothelial cells on the loading rate using AFM in force spectroscopy mode. We employed a sharp, four‐sided pyramidal indenter and loading rates ranging from 0.5 to 20 μm/s. In addition, by variation of the load (applied forces from 100 to 10,000 pN), the dependence of the cell properties on indentation depth could be determined. We then showed that the mechanical response of endothelial cells depends nonlinearly on the loading rate and follows a weak power‐law. In addition, regions of different viscous response at varying indentation depth could be determined. Based on the results we obtained, a general route map for AFM users for design of cell mechanics experiments was described.
Quantitative in vivo imaging of neuronal glucose concentrations with a genetically encoded fluorescence lifetime sensor
Authors: Díaz‐García Carlos Manlio , Lahmann Carolina , Martínez‐François Juan Ramón , Li Binsen , Koveal Dorothy , Nathwani Nidhi , Rahman Mahia , Keller Jacob P. , Marvin Jonathan S. , Looger Loren L. , Yellen Gary 
Published: May 2019

AbstractGlucose is an essential source of energy for the brain. Recently, the development of genetically encoded fluorescent biosensors has allowed real time visualization of glucose dynamics from individual neurons and astrocytes. A major difficulty for this approach, even for ratiometric sensors, is the lack of a practical method to convert such measurements into actual concentrations in ex vivo brain tissue or in vivo. Fluorescence lifetime imaging provides a strategy to overcome this. In a previous study, we reported the lifetime glucose sensor iGlucoSnFR‐TS (then called SweetieTS) for monitoring changes in neuronal glucose levels in response to stimulation. This genetically encoded sensor was generated by combining the Thermus thermophilus glucose‐binding protein with a circularly permuted variant of the monomeric fluorescent protein T‐Sapphire. Here, we provide more details on iGlucoSnFR‐TS design and characterization, as well as pH and temperature sensitivities. For accurate estimation of glucose concentrations, the sensor must be calibrated at the same temperature as the experiments. We find that when the extracellular glucose concentration is in the range 2–10 mM, the intracellular glucose concentration in hippocampal neurons from acute brain slices is ~20% of the nominal external glucose concentration (~0.4–2 mM). We also measured the cytosolic neuronal glucose concentration in vivo, finding a range of ~0.7–2.5 mM in cortical neurons from awake mice.
The Investigations of Construction and in vitro Release of Curcumin Lyotropic Liquid Crystals: Phase Diagrams, Small Angle X‐ray Scattering, Rheological Technology, and Release Kinetics
Authors: Liu Jinpeng , Wang Zhongni 
Published: May 2019

AbstractIn this study, hexagonal and cubic lyotropic liquid crystals (LLC) were constructed in Brij 97‐Tween 40 (MS82, MS64 and MS46)/OLA/H2O systems to encapsulate curcumin. MS82, MS64, and MS46 indicated that the mass ratio of Brij 97/Tween 40 was 8/2, 6/4, and 4/6. The microstructure of curcumin LLC was studied using small angle X‐ray scattering (SAXS). Phase diagrams showed that the increase of MS reduced the phase transition temperature (TC). Particularly, the TC of sample C1Cur [Brij 97‐Tween 40 (MS46)/OLA/H2O = 50.0/2.8/47.2] and C2Cur [Brij 97‐Tween 40 (MS46)/OLA/H2O = 50.0/25.0/25.0] was 37.6 and 35.4 °C, respectively, close to the temperature of the human body. Thus, the shear rheology and SAXS were used to study the structural changes of samples C1Cur and C2Cur with temperature. The moduli values of samples C1Cur and C2Cur decreased with the increase of temperature, showing various structural strengths. in vitro release experiment was used to study the drug release kinetics. The release of curcumin from LLC conformed to the concentration diffusion model. Due to a similar aS, the release of curcumin from samples A1Cur, B1Cur, and C1Cur (Brij 97‐Tween 40/OLA/H2O = 50.0/2.8/47.2 and the MS is MS82, MS64, and MS46) showed a similar release behavior under different MS. The release behavior of curcumin was related to the structure of samples C1Cur and C2Cur at different temperatures. Curcumin exhibited the fastest release rate when the samples behaved as the micellar phase.
Dietary taurine supplementation decreases fat synthesis by suppressing the liver X receptor α pathway and alleviates lipid accumulation in the liver of chronic heat‐stressed broilers
Authors: Lu Zhuang , He Xiaofang , Ma Bingbing , Zhang Lin , Li Jiaolong , Jiang Yun , Zhou Guanghong , Gao Feng 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDChronic heat stress can enhance fat synthesis and result in lipid accumulation in the liver of broilers. To investigate the effects and molecular mechanisms of dietary taurine supplementation on fat synthesis and lipid accumulation in the liver of chronic heat‐stressed broilers, 144 28 day‐old chickens (Arbor Acres) were randomly distributed to normal control (NC, 22 °C, basal diet), heat stress (HS, consistent 32 °C, basal diet), or heat stress plus taurine (HS + T, consistent 32 °C, basal diet +5.00 g kg−1 taurine) groups for a 14‐day feeding trial.RESULTSCompared with those of the HS group, dietary taurine supplementation significantly decreased the level of very‐low‐density lipoprotein and the activity of aspartate aminotransferase in plasma and the relative weight of liver in the HS + T group. In addition, dietary taurine supplementation also significantly decreased the levels of triglyceride, acyl‐CoA carboxylase (ACC) and fatty acid synthase (FAS), and suppressed the mRNA expression levels of liver X receptor α (LXRα), sterol response element‐binding protein 1c, ACC and FAS in the liver of chronic heat‐stressed broilers. Meanwhile, dietary taurine supplementation effectively alleviated lipid accumulation in the liver of broilers exposed to chronic heat stress.CONCLUSIONChronic heat stress significantly increased fat synthesis and resulted in excess lipid deposition in the liver of broilers. Dietary taurine supplementation can effectively decrease fat synthesis by suppressing the LXRα pathway and alleviate lipid accumulation in the liver of chronic heat‐stressed broilers. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Preparation of restricted access media molecularly imprinted polymers for efficient separation and enrichment ofloxacin in bovine serum samples
Authors: Li Jianmin , Zhao Lijuan , Wei Chanling , Sun Zhian , Zhao Shanwen , Cai Tianpei , Gong Bolin 
Published: May 2019

AbstractWe prepared ofloxacin restricted access media molecularly imprinted polymers using surface‐initiated atom transfer radical polymerization on the surface of brominated silica gel using ofloxacin as a template molecule, methacrylic acid as a functional monomer, and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as a crosslinking agent. We then characterized and studied the surface morphology and adsorption properties of the polymer. Experimental results show that saturation is reached within 25 min, and that the saturated adsorption capacity was 80.67 mg/g and the imprinting factor was 1.94. Our findings also showed that the polymer surface had good hydrophilicity and an excellent protein exclusion rate, which was 98.49%. The restricted access media molecularly imprinted polymers were then successfully applied to the enrichment and separation of ofloxacin in bovine serum. When combined with high‐performance liquid chromatography, and the average recovery of ofloxacin was 95.6%, and the relative standard deviation was in the range of 2.47–3.38%. In a word, the restricted access media molecularly imprinted polymers is a method that involves a simple preparation procedure that results in excellent performance, which is a great improvement in the speed of detection of antibiotics. These qualities are what bestow upon this method its great potential for broad application.
Rapid determination of lignosulfonate depolymerization products by advanced polymer chromatography
Authors: Qian Chen , Fang Hongxia , Cui Peng , Cai Fang , Gao Xinyu , He Hualong , Hu Xiaopo 
Published: May 2019

AbstractDepolymerized lignin products are very complex mixtures. Based on a depolymerization solution of commercially available sodium lignosulfonate under mild conditions, a fast and efficient method for the separation and direct characterization of the degree and efficiency of the acid‐catalyzed depolymerization of lignin was developed in this study. Using an ultraviolet detector, the depolymerized lignosulfonate products were well separated and characterized according to the relative molar mass distribution on an advanced polymer chromatographic system with three ethylene‐bridged hybrid columns having small pore sizes (45 Å) in series and tetrahydrofuran as the mobile phase. The developed advanced polymer chromatography method enabled the detection of low‐molecular‐weight lignin degradation products (Mn = 260–1100 Da) with high peak resolutions in less than 7.2 min. Furthermore, preliminary advanced polymer chromatography studies to determine the influence of reaction temperature on the depolymerized products indicated that the depolymerized aromatics fell in several molecular weight ranges with an extremely low dispersity. This new approach can be used for the rapid analysis of lignin depolymerization products.
H2O time histories in the H2‐NO2 system for validation of NOx hydrocarbon kinetics mechanisms
Authors: Mulvihill Clayton R. , Mathieu Olivier , Petersen Eric L. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe development and refinement of NOx chemical kinetic mechanisms have been instrumental in understanding and reducing NOx formation. However, relatively little work has been performed with NOx species as the oxidizer, and such experiments can provide unique insights into NOx kinetics. Furthermore, speciation data can often provide useful information that complements global measurements such as ignition delay times in facilitating mechanism refinement. To provide such speciation data in the H2‐NO2 system, H2O measurements were performed using a fixed‐wavelength, direct absorption laser diagnostic near 1.39 µm behind reflected shock waves in fuel‐lean, near‐stoichiometric, and fuel‐rich mixtures of H2 and NO2 highly diluted in argon. Experiments were performed between 917 and 1782 K near atmospheric pressure. The H2O profiles obtained herein are markedly different from those using O2 as the oxidizer obtained in a previous study. The GRI 3.0 mechanism was found to greatly underestimate the H2O formation, whereas two modern mechanisms were found to predict the H2O formation quite accurately except at colder temperatures for fuel‐rich conditions. Explanations for the differences between these mechanisms are given and discussed, with the conclusion that older mechanisms such as GRI 3.0 should not be used to model hydrocarbon/NOx combustion chemistry as they are lacking several key reactions and species, namely NO3 and HONO. The discrepancy between models and data at lower temperatures could not be reconciled even when modifying two of the most‐sensitive reaction rates. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study presents the first shock‐tube speciation study in the H2‐NO2 system.
Syntopy of vagus nerve in the carotid sheath: A dissectional study of 50 cadavers
Authors: Hojaij Flavio , Rebelo Gabriela , Akamatsu Flavia , Andrade Mauro , Camargo Cristina , Cernea Claudio , Jacomo Alfredo 
Published: May 2019

BackgroundVagus nerve anatomical position inside the carotid sheath is not clear in the literature. Nevertheless, monitoring laryngeal nerves during thyroid surgeries may damage big vessels in the carotid sheath (jugular vein; carotid artery). This gap led to an unprecedent cross sectional study of vagus syntopy using the carotid artery as anatomical mark.MethodsFifty cadavers less than 24 hours postmortem were studied. The vagus nerve was spotted, reproducing the patterns performed in thyroidectomies.ResultsOn the right side, vagus nerve was posterior to the common carotid artery in 64% of the cases. On the left side, it was anterior, in 68% of the dissections. Comparing both sides, there was no symmetry in this syntopy. No influence of ethnic or anthropometric characteristics was observed.ConclusionThe vagus nerve is more frequently posterior to the common carotid artery on the right side and, anterior, on the left side.Level of Evidence4