bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Overactivated neddylation pathway in human hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Yu Jian , Huang Wei‐long , Xu Qing‐guo , Zhang Ling , Sun Shu‐han , Zhou Wei‐ping , Yang Fu 
Published: May 2018

AbstractDysregulation of the neddylation pathway is related to various cancers. However, the specific role of the neddylation pathway in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains largely unclear. In this study, the neddylation pathway in HCC and adjacent noncancerous liver (ANL) tissues was evaluated by immunohistochemistry (IHC), Western blotting, and qRT‐PCR (quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction). The results showed that the entire neddylation pathway, including NEDD8 (the IHC staining of NEDD8 represents the global‐protein neddylation), E1 NEDD8‐activating enzymes (NAE1 and UBA3), E2 NEDD8‐conjugating enzymes (UBE2F and UBE2M), E3 NEDD8‐ligases (MDM2, RBX1 and RNF7), and deneddylation enzymes (COPS5, UCHL1 and USP21), was overactivated in HCC. Furthermore, the upregulation of NEDD8 in HCC was correlated with aggressive characteristics and was an independent risk factor for overall survival (OS) and recurrence‐free survival (RFS) in patients with HCC after hepatectomy. The upregulation of NAE1, UBE2M, and UCHL1 in HCC was associated with aggressive characteristics and poor OS and RFS in patients with HCC after hepatectomy. In conclusion, our research reveals that the entire neddylation pathway is overactivated in HCC and associated with clinical characteristics and prognosis of patients with HCC.
Corn, potato, and wrinkled pea starches with heat–moisture treatment: Structure and digestibility
Authors: Shi Miaomiao , Gao Qunyu , Liu Yanqi 
Published: May 2018

AbstractBackground and objectivesStarches from corn, potato, and wrinkled pea were heat treated at 100 and 120°C for 12 hr at a moisture content of 25% to produce slowly digestible starches. The effect of heat–moisture treatment (HMT) on structure and digestibility of those starches was investigated.FindingsChanges in morphological aspects could be found in corn and pea starches after HMT treatment, potato starch retained its granular appearance with only some slight breakage of granules. For the HMT‐treated starches, the intensity of birefringence slightly decreased and the polarized cross also still existed. All the HMT starches showed the increasing To, Tp, and Tc and the decreasing enthalpy. The X‐ray diffraction pattern of potato and pea starches was shifted from B‐ or C‐type to A‐type by HMT, and corn starch changed to A + V‐ type. Compared with native starch, the relative crystallinity of starches decreased, and the degree of gelatinization of all starches was greater than that of their counterparts. After HMT, RDS and SDS contents of potato and pea starches (except corn starch) increased compared with their native counterparts, whereas RS content of all three starches was decreased. Compared with native starch, the digestibility of starches after HMT had a certain degree of increase.ConclusionsHeat–moisture treatment had different effects on the granules morphology of different starch. The HMT samples exhibited greater To, Tp, and Tc values than those of the native counterparts with regard to the three starch types. The crystal structure and crystal pattern were transformed to the A‐type by HMT. Corn starch was easier to gelatinize than potato starch and pea starch after HMT, which could be the lower amylose content of corn starch and a smaller proportion of long chain. With the increase of HMT temperature, the starch sample RDS and SDS contents increased and RS decreased.Significance and noveltyCorn starch was easier to gelatinize than potato starch and pea starch after HMT. With the increase in HMT temperature, the starch sample RDS and SDS contents increased and RS decreased.
Nutritional composition, bioactive compounds, and diabetic enzyme inhibition capacity of three varieties of buckwheat in Japan
Authors: Tien Nguyen Ngoc Thanh , Trinh Le Ngoc Dang , Inoue Naoto , Morita Naofumi , Hung Pham Van 
Published: May 2018

AbstractBackground and objectivesBuckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum) is a source of nutrients whose total content relies on various factors such as genotype, environmental stresses, and developmental phase. The objective of this study was to investigate chemical composition, nutritional values (amino acid and fatty acid composition), bioactive compounds (total phenolic and flavonoid contents, antioxidant), and diabetic enzyme inhibition capacity of a tetraploid Tartary buckwheat “Shinano kurotsubu” cultivated in Japan as compared to other kinds of buckwheat varieties including a common buckwheat and a Tartary buckwheat “Hokkai T8.”FindingsThe protein content of the tetraploid Tartary buckwheat groats (14.14%) was significantly higher than that of the common or Tartary buckwheat groats (p < 0.05). However, the tetraploid Tartary buckwheat groats had lower lipid and ash contents as compared to the Tartary buckwheat groats. Amino acid composition and total amounts of unsaturated fatty acids of the tetraploid Tartary buckwheat were somewhat similar to those of the Tartary buckwheat. The tetraploid Tartary buckwheat was also found to have high total phenolic, total flavonoid, rutin, and quercetin contents, high antioxidant and diabetic enzyme inhibition capacities similar to the Tartary buckwheat.ConclusionsThe tetraploid Tartary buckwheat was found to be a good source of nutrients and functional components and could be used for food processing.Significance and noveltyRecently, a new buckwheat variety named tetraploid Tartary buckwheat (var. “Shinano kurotsubu”) was successfully developed, and this variety is of more benefit for the milling process because of larger grain and more easily dehulled as compared to the Tartary buckwheat. This is the first report on the nutritional composition, bioactive compounds, and diabetic enzyme inhibition capacity of this buckwheat variety.
Snapshot in surgery: How do you approach this 12‐year‐old girl?
Authors: Bustos Roberto , Gheza Federico , Masrur Mario 
Published: May 2018

Key Clinical MessageThis case open questions about the dimensional limit for a laparoscopic treatment of a giant bezoar. A minimally invasive option should be considered every time a gastric obstruction is suspected, particularly for psychiatric patients, for whom a short hospital stay can be greatly beneficial.
Complete necrosis of graft ureter following renal transplant in a patient with primary antiphospholipid syndrome: A case report
Authors: Fernando Manoj Hilary , Jayarajah Umesh , Rubakan Donald , Fonseka Ruwan , Goonewardena Serozsha 
Published: May 2018

Key Clinical MessageComplete necrosis of the graft ureter is a rare but serious complication following kidney transplant. In a patient with antiphospholipid syndrome, a combination of factors such as arterial thromboembolism, hematoma formation, and surgical collateral damage can cause ischemia of the graft ureter. Preoperative optimization of disease activity and coagulation with meticulous preservation of ureteric perfusion may help in prevention.
3D Graphene Network Encapsulating Mesoporous ZnS Nanospheres as High‐Performance Anode Material in Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Hu Liang , Hu Xiang , Lin Zhoubin , Wen Zhenhai 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe front cover artwork is provided by the group of Zhenhai Wen from the Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences (China). The image shows the hybrid structure of rGO enwrapping ZnS nanospheres can effectively restrict volume expansion and promote the cycling stability of sodium‐ion batteries. Read the full text of the Article at 10.1002/celc.201800412.
Can Heterocyclic γ‐Peptides Provide Polyfunctional Platforms for Synthetic Glycocluster Construction?
Authors: Simon Matthieu , Ali Lamiaa M. A. , El Cheikh Khaled , Aguesseau Julie , Gary‐Bobo Magali , Garcia Marcel , Morère Alain , Maillard Ludovic T. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractSugars play key roles in many molecular and cellular communication processes involving a family of proteins named lectins. The low affinity associated with sugar recognition is generally counterbalanced by the multivalent nature of the interaction. While many polyglycosylated architectures have been described, only a few studies focused on the impact of topology variations of the multivalent structures on the interaction with lectin proteins. One major interest of our group concerns the design of new highly predictable and stable molecular pseudo‐peptide architectures for therapeutic applications. In such a context, we described a class of constrained heterocyclic γ‐amino acids built around a thiazole ring, named ATCs. ATC oligomers are helical molecules resulting from the formation of a highly stable C9 hydrogen‐bonding pattern. Following our program, we herein address the potential of ATC oligomers as tunable scaffolds for the development of original multivalent glycoclusters.
Highly Enantioselective Kinetic Resolution of Michael Adducts through N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Catalysis: An Efficient Asymmetric Route to Cyclohexenes
Authors: Chen Xiang‐Yu , Li Sun , Liu Qiang , Kumar Mukesh , Peuronen Anssi , Rissanen Kari , Enders Dieter 
Published: May 2018

AbstractA highly efficient strategy for the kinetic resolution of Michael adducts was realized using a chiral N‐heterocyclic carbene catalyst. The kinetic resolution provides a new convenient route to single diastereomers of cyclohexenes and Michael adducts in good yields with high enantiomeric excesses (up to 99 % ee with a selectivity factor of up to 458). This “two flies with one swat” concept allows the synthesis of these two synthetically valuable compound classes at the same time by a single transformation.
Nanostructured Catalyst for Fischer–Tropsch Synthesis
Authors: Gao Wa , Zhu Qingshan , Ma Ding 
Published: May 2018

AbstractFischer–Tropsch synthesis (FTS) is a heterogeneous catalytic process for the production of fuels or chemicals from synthesis gas (CO + H2), which can be derived from nonpetroleum feedstocks such as natural gas, coal, or biomass. Co, Ru, Fe and Ni are all active in FTS, but only cheaper Fe and Co based catalysts are used in industry because the price of Ru is relatively high. However, the industrial Fe‐ and Co‐ based FTS catalysts normally work at a relatively high temperature range of 493—623 K in order to get a reasonable space time yield. Moreover, the product selectivity of FTS is governed by the law of polymerization, i.e., a so‐called Anderson‐Schulz‐Flory distribution holds, which restricts its industrial application. In this account, we highlight some of our progress toward the design/fabrication of nanostructured Fe, Co and Ru catalysts to improve FTS activity at the low temperature and to change the product selectivity and confine the product distribution into a certain range.
Optimizing colorectal cancer screening by race and sex: Microsimulation analysis II to inform the American Cancer Society colorectal cancer screening guideline
Authors: Meester Reinier G. S. , Peterse Elisabeth F. P. , Knudsen Amy B. , de Weerdt Anne C. , Chen Jennifer C. , Lietz Anna P. , Dwyer Andrea , Ahnen Dennis J. , Siegel Rebecca L. , Smith Robert A. , Zauber Ann G. , Lansdorp‐Vogelaar Iris 
Published: May 2018

BACKGROUNDColorectal cancer (CRC) risk varies by race and sex. This study, 1 of 2 microsimulation analyses to inform the 2018 American Cancer Society CRC screening guideline, explored the influence of race and sex on optimal CRC screening strategies.METHODSTwo Cancer Intervention and Surveillance Modeling Network microsimulation models, informed by US incidence data, were used to evaluate a variety of screening methods, ages to start and stop, and intervals for 4 demographic subgroups (black and white males and females) under 2 scenarios for the projected lifetime CRC risk for 40‐year‐olds: 1) assuming that risk had remained stable since the early screening era and 2) assuming that risk had increased proportionally to observed incidence trends under the age of 40 years. Model‐based screening recommendations were based on the predicted level of benefit (life‐years gained) and burden (required number of colonoscopies), the incremental burden‐to‐benefit ratio, and the relative efficiency in comparison with strategies with similar burdens.RESULTSWhen lifetime CRC risk was assumed to be stable over time, the models differed in the recommended age to start screening for whites (45 vs 50 years) but consistently recommended screening from the age of 45 years for blacks. When CRC risk was assumed to be increased, the models recommended starting at the age of 45 years, regardless of race and sex. Strategies recommended under both scenarios included colonoscopy every 10 or 15 years, annual fecal immunochemical testing, and computed tomographic colonography every 5 years through the age of 75 years.CONCLUSIONSMicrosimulation modeling suggests that CRC screening should be considered from the age of 45 years for blacks and for whites if the lifetime risk has increased proportionally to the incidence for younger adults. Cancer 2018;124:2974‐85. © 2018 The Authors. Cancer published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of American Cancer Society.
A Two‐Photon Pumped Supramolecular Upconversion Microresonator
Authors: Ravi Jada , Venkatakrishnarao Dasari , Sahoo Chakradhar , Naraharisetty Sri Ram Gopal , Mitetelo Nikolai , Ezhov Alexander A. , Mamonov Evgeniy , Murzina Tatiana , Chandrasekar Rajadurai 
Published: May 2018

AbstractA two‐photon pumped non‐linear optical (NLO) Fabry‐Pèrot (F‐P) type organic micro‐crystal resonator useful for a myriad of upconversion‐based light technologies is presented. The resonator is parallelepiped‐shaped and composed of a self‐assembled donor‐acceptor‐donor type molecule namely, 9,9,9”,9”‐tetramethyl‐9H,9’H,9”H‐[2, 2’:7,2”‐terfluoren]‐9’‐one (TTO). X‐ray crystal structure of an orange‐yellow TTO micro‐crystal reveals C−H⋅⋅⋅O type weak intermolecular hydrogen bond between the oxygen atom of the fluorenone unit and fluorine hydrogen atom. For one‐ and two‐photon excitation the micro‐crystals exhibit F‐P type modes in their photoluminescence signal. The fundamental frequency‐dependent NLO intensity shows a continuous increase as the fundamental wavelength is decreasing down to 770 nm. The two‐photon luminescence signals from these micro‐resonators are several orders of magnitude higher than the thin films of similar thickness.
Efficient dense matrix‐vector multiplication on GPU
Authors: He Guixia , Gao Jiaquan , Wang Jun 
Published: May 2018

SummaryGiven that the dense matrix‐vector multiplication (Ax or ATx) is of great importance in scientific computations, how to accelerate it is investigated on the graphics processing unit (GPU) in this paper. We present a warp‐based implementation of Ax on the GPU, called GEMV‐Adaptive, and a thread‐based implementation of ATx on the GPU, called GEMV‐T‐Adaptive. For our proposed GEMV‐Adaptive and GEMV‐T‐Adaptive, there are the following novelties: (1) an adaptive warp allocation strategy for GEMV‐Adaptive is proposed to assign the optimal warp number for each matrix row, (2) an adaptive thread allocation strategy for GEMV‐T‐Adaptive is designed to assign the optimal thread number to each matrix row, and (3) several optimization schemes are formulated. Experimental results show that the proposed GEMV‐Adaptive and GEMV‐T‐Adaptive mitigate the performance fluctuations of the implementations in the CUBLAS library, always have high performance, and outperform the most recently proposed GEMV and GEMV‐T kernels by Gao et al, respectively, for all test matrices.
TCNQ Physisorption on the Topological Insulator Bi2Se3
Authors: Pia Ada Della , Lisi Simone , Luca Oreste De , Warr Daniel A. , Lawrence J. , Otrokov Mikhail M. , Aliev Ziya S. , Chulkov Evgueni V. , Agostino Raffaele G. , Arnau Andrés , Papagno Marco , Costantini Giovanni 
Published: May 2018

AbstractTopological insulators are promising candidates for spintronic applications due to their topologically protected, spin‐momentum locked and gapless surface states. The breaking of the time‐reversal symmetry after the introduction of magnetic impurities, such as 3d transition metal atoms embedded in two‐dimensional molecular networks, could lead to several phenomena interesting for device fabrication. The first step towards the fabrication of metal‐organic coordination networks on the surface of a topological insulator is to investigate the adsorption of the pure molecular layer, which is the aim of this study. Here, the effect of the deposition of the electron acceptor 7,7,8,8‐tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ) molecules on the surface of a prototypical topological insulator, bismuth selenide (Bi2Se3), is investigated. Scanning tunneling microscope images at low‐temperature reveal the formation of a highly ordered two‐dimensional molecular network. The essentially unperturbed electronic structure of the topological insulator observed by photoemission spectroscopy measurements demonstrates a negligible charge transfer between the molecular layer and the substrate. Density functional theory calculations confirm the picture of a weakly interacting adsorbed molecular layer. These results reveal significant potential of TCNQ for the realization of metal‐organic coordination networks on the topological insulator surface.
PN sequence blind estimation in multiuser DS‐CDMA systems with multipath channels based on successive subspace scheme
Authors: Mirzadeh Sarcheshmeh Hossein , Khaleghi Bizaki Hossein , Alizadeh Sajjad 
Published: May 2018

SummaryIn this paper, we proposed a new method based on expanding subspace algorithm and finite alphabet characteristics, for blind estimation of the users' spreading sequences in the multiuser direct sequence code division multiple access system in the presence of the multipath channels. In the proposed scheme, we show that the estimation of the users' overall channels in the direct sequence code division multiple access system is equivalent to the impulse response estimation of the multi‐input multi‐output finite impulse response channels. Our proposed approach is based on the successive estimation of the columns of the equivalent multi‐input multi‐output finite impulse response channels from the lowest degree columns to the highest degree ones. Accordingly, each user's overall channel that is the convolution of the original multipath channel and the spreading sequence is estimated. Then we extract PN sequences from the overall channel using finite alphabet characteristics of the spreading sequence chips for each user. According to simulation results, our proposed scheme outperforms the conventional methods in that it does not require symbol synchronization and does not have channel constraints (for example, AWGN and single user system) in the multipath channels.
Biodiversity‐ecosystem functioning relationships in a long‐term non‐weeded field experiment
Authors: Veen G. F. , van der Putten Wim H. , Bezemer T. Martijn 
Published: May 2018

AbstractMany grassland biodiversity experiments show a positive relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning, however, in most of these experiments plant communities are established by sowing and natural colonization is prevented by selective weeding of non‐sown species. During ecosystem restoration, for example on abandoned fields, plant communities start on bare soil, and diversity is often manipulated in a single sowing event. How such initial plant diversity manipulations influence plant biodiversity development and ecosystem functioning is not well understood. We examined how relationships between taxonomic and functional diversity, biomass production and stability develop over 16 yr in non‐weeded plots sown with 15 species, four species, or that were not sown. We found that sown plant communities become functionally similar to unsown, naturally colonized plant communities. However, initial sowing treatments had long‐lasting effects on species composition and taxonomic diversity. We found only few relationships between biomass production, or stability in biomass production, and functional or taxonomic diversity, and the ones we observed were negative. In addition, the cover of dominant plant species was positively related to biomass production and stability. We conclude that effects of introducing plant species at the start of secondary succession can persist for a long time, and that in secondary succession communities with natural plant species dynamics diversity–functioning relationships can be weak or negative. Moreover, our findings indicate that in systems where natural colonization of species is allowed effects of plant dominance may underlie diversity–functioning relationships.
Geographic variation in the sensitivity of an herbivore‐induced seaweed defense
Authors: Jones Emily , Long Jeremy D. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractIntraspecific variation in primary producer induced defenses may affect how these defenses contribute to population and community regulation. For instance, inducible defenses may play larger roles in primary producer populations that are sensitive to low levels of grazing than populations that only respond to high levels of grazing. Although the incidence of herbivore‐induced defenses is well documented, and there are examples of geographic variation in these defenses, we have limited knowledge of the factors that affect sensitivity to grazing (i.e., the minimum grazer density needed to elicit these responses) within and among populations. Filling this gap is necessary to understand the importance of these defenses under different conditions. To address whether the sensitivity of seaweed induced defenses varies geographically, we exposed Northern and Southern California populations of the seaweed Silvetia compressa to five densities of the snail Tegula funebralis, under ambient, regional environmental conditions. Southern seaweeds required high levels of grazing to induce defenses, while all levels of herbivory decreased Northern seaweed palatability. To better understand these different responses to low levels of grazing, we conducted common garden experiments to directly test the roles of experimental environment and herbivore source. Consistent with initial experiments, Northern Silvetia responded to low levels of grazing, regardless of environmental conditions, while Southern Silvetia never responded to low levels of grazing, even after being acclimated to Northern environmental conditions for 24 d. Additionally, Southern Silvetia did not respond to grazing by Northern snails, suggesting that herbivore source did not explain this geographic pattern in inducible seaweed defenses. Together, these observations suggest that the seaweed source explains this geographic pattern in sensitivity. Trade‐offs with constitutive defenses did not help explain this pattern, as Southern Silvetia had weaker constitutive defenses than Northern seaweeds. This may be due to a combination of low grazing pressure and low predictability of attack in the South. Thus, population variation in sensitivity may be due to long‐term differences in environmental histories, resulting in local adaptation or legacy effects from exposure to local conditions. Overall, our results indicate that these herbivore‐induced responses may be more important in Northern Silvetia populations than Southern ones.