bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Yoga: Theory and Practice—A Course that Illustrates Why Yoga Belongs in the Academy
Authors: Klatt Maryanna , Webster Olivia 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The course “Yoga: Theory and Practice” (YTP) evolved from the realization that although graduate and undergraduate academic yoga course offerings were filled beyond capacity with waitlists, students were often not being exposed to the depth and breadth of yoga as a holistic, integrative health practice. In the authors' experience, students experientially understood the contribution that yoga practice made in their lives and sensed the health benefits it afforded, yet they were hungry for the scientific evidence for using yoga to address various clinical conditions and to understand why yoga felt like a grounding practice. Students wanted scientific evidence for what they experientially knew to be true: Yoga helped them feel more grounded in their bodies. In 2004, when YTP was designed, college yoga courses were typically in departments of physical education, and little to no attention was given to the theoretical/philosophical roots behind why yoga is practiced. This is no longer the case. YTP is an elective within an academic minor of study, Integrative Approaches to Health and Wellness, and the course offers college students an indepth, academic study of yoga that incorporates both scientific (reductionist) and holistic health perspectives. The clinical/educational objective of this course is to expose university students (including those studying to become healthcare professionals) to the evidence-based integrative health benefits that yoga and yoga therapy have been shown to provide. Using the university's educational setting provides a venue to augment the future use of yoga in healthcare.
A leitura como encontro na educação não formal: linguagem, produção de sentidos e intervenção educativa
Authors: Segato Sílvia Regina 
Published: June 2019

O presente artigo tem como objetivo abordar a leitura e a poesia como propostas para uma vida mais humanizada através do mundo dos livros, que é o mundo da linguagem. Propor a leitura como conhecimento, fruição e pesquisa e o ato de ler como uma forma de identidade. Ressaltar a importância da família e da escola para a formação do pequeno leitor, bem como a atividade narrativa lúdica como base primordial da animação e fruição da leitura na primeira idade. Pensar o Brasil como um país de poucos leitores e repensar a leitura como chave para uma educação mais humana e democrática. Intervir nas comunidades do Jardim Thelja e Alvorada (Americana/SP) em situação de risco, que tinham dificuldades de acesso a livros, com leitura e poesia.
Graphical representation of online discussion threads from an academic course in a constructivist setting
Authors: Hamminger Leopold 
Published: June 2019

Constructivist teaching in virtual environments places particular emphasis on the use of discussion forums. This article presents the implementation of a concept of constructivist didactics through an e-learning course on the Blackboard platform of the Department of Education at the University of Salzburg, Austria. Students were motivated to build knowledge through their participation in discussion forums on the Blackboard platform. Teachers, in their role of moderators, expected to be able to gradually reduce their presence in the debates. The challenge was to be able to measure the extent to which this was achieved, considering that thousands of discussion contributions had to be analyzed. This document describes how the discussion lines can be extracted from Blackboard to be used by UCINET software for social network and thus produce a graphic presentation of the discussion sequences.
Pixar ¿Qué hay detrás de la imagen?
Authors: Medina Salgado César 
Published: June 2019

¿Quién no recuerda a la entrañable Boo, a Sulley y su compañero Mike con su ciclópeo rostro verde? Ni que decir de Buzz Lightyeary y Woody los dos juguetes preferidos de Andy. ¿Qué tienen en común todos estos personajes de cine? Su creador: Pixar. Una compañía de animación que se ocupa de otorgarles la capacidad de cobrar vida y movimiento en una pantalla cinematográfica.
En concordancia con esto, el objetivo del presente documento es analizar las distintas actividades organizacionales y los productos cinematográficos diseñados por Pixar.
Pero, ¿por qué estudiar a esta organización? Porque el modelo de Pixar parece convivir entre la tradición y la modernidad de manera exitosa. Para comprobar esta afirmación se realizó una encuesta a 60 jóvenes. Los resultados obtenidos arrojaron una influencia de los largometrajes en los códigos de valores de los encuestados. Sobresalen la lealtad, la confianza, el amor, el cariño, el logro, el trabajo en equipo, desapego a las cosas, altruismo, actitud positiva, todos acuñados dentro de un ambiente familiar. Para lograr este amplio objetivo, en el artículo se revisan los siguientes elementos: las prácticas visuales y los modos de ver; una aproximación a los productos cinematográficos y Pixar en busca de un modelo organizacional.
The Utility of Red Cell Distribution Width to Predict Mortality of Septic Patients in Tertiary Hospital of Nepal
Authors: Ghimire Rajan , Shakya Yogendra Man , Shrestha Tirtha Man , Neupane Ram Prasad 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Background

Sepsis is common problem encountered in emergency room which needs to be intervened early. Predicting prognosis is always a difficult task in busy emergency room using present scores which has numbers of variables to calculate. Red cell distribution width (RDW) is easy, cheap and efficacious score to predict severity and mortality of patients with sepsis.

Method

This prospective analytical study was conducted in emergency room of Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital among patients of age ≥16 years with clinical diagnosis of sepsis using qSOFA score. 148 patients were analyzed in study by using nonprobability purposive sampling method.

Result

RDW is more efficacious test to predict mortality in sepsis (Area under the Curve of 0.734; 95% C. I= 0.649-0.818) than APACHE II (AUC of 0.728; 95% C. I= 0.637 to 0.819) or SOFA (AUC of 0.680, 95% C.I =0.591-0.770). Cutoff of RDW 15.05 has sensitivity of 73% (positive likelihood ratio 1.82) and specificity of 60% (negative likelihood ratio 0.45) while cutoff of RDW 16.1 has Sensitivity of 56% (PLR 2.07) and specificity of 73% (NLR 0.6). Out of 44 patients with septic shock 16 died (36.4%) and among 104 patients without septic shock,24 died (22.9%) with odds ratio of 0.713 (p=0.555, 95% C. I= 0.231-2.194). Overall mortality was 27.02% (n=40). RDW subgroup analysis showed no mortality in low RDW (<13.1) subgroup, 3.6% mortality in moderate (13.1 to 14) RDW group, 22.0% mortality in high (14 to >15.6) RDW group and 45.9% mortality in very high (>15.6) RDW group. Significant mortality difference seen in high and very high RDW subgroup with p value 0.003 and 0.008 respectively.

Conclusion

RDW is more efficacious test to predict mortality in sepsis than APACHE II or SOFA. Cutoff of RDW 15.05 has sensitivity of 73% and specificity of 60%. So RDW can be used as a good prognostic score to predict severity and mortality of patients with sepsis in emergency room.
Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B Virus among antenatal clinic attendees in Gamawa Local Government Area, Bauchi State, Nigeria
Authors: Mustapha Garba Umar , Ibrahim Abdulrasul , Balogun Muhammad Shakir , Umeokonkwo Chukwuma David , Mamman Aisha Indo 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Background: Hepatitis B is a potentially life-threatening liver infection and a major global health problem. It causes chronic infection and puts people at high risk of death from cirrhosis and liver cancer. WHO estimated 257 million people are living with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and in 2015 alone HBV resulted in to 887,000 deaths globally. We determined the prevalence and associated factors of hepatitis B virus infection among Antenatal Care (ANC) attendees in Gamawa Local Government Area, Bauchi State.
Methods: We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional, health facility-based study between March and April 2018. We used systematic random sampling technique to recruit 210 pregnant women aged 15-49 years. With a structured questionnaire, we interviewed the respondents and collected blood sample to test for hepatitis B surface antigen. We calculated frequencies, means, proportions, and tested for associations using Epi Info 7.2 and Microsoft Excel.
Results: The mean age of respondents was 24.5 ± 6.0 years; 53.3% of whom were younger than 25 years. All were married, 87.1% had no formal education and up to 90.5% were employed. Overall, 6.7% tested positive for HBsAg; women aged ≥35 years had the highest prevalence (10.5%). None with tertiary education tested positive and women married before 18 years had 6.5% prevalence.
Conclusions: The prevalence of HBsAg among pregnant women in Gamawa LGA was 6.7% which is quite lower than the national prevalence reported. We recommended improved surveillance of HBV infection and screening of women attending ANC.
Keywords: Hepatitis B virus, Hepatitis B Surface antigen, Prevalence, Pregnancy, Health facilities, Hepatitis B
Autoimmune encephalitis: differences of clinical features between antibody-positive and antibody-negative conditions
Authors: Li Tingting , Si Zhihua , Lu Lu , Wang Aihua 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Autoimmune encephalitis is a kind of immune disease with a higher incidence while classification and analysis based upon different states of antibodies are scarcely reported. We intend to compare the clinical features of autoimmune encephalitis between antibody-positive and antibody-negative, with a goal of contributing to early diagnosis and facilitate clinical treatment decisions, especially concerning antibody negative cases. A total of 38 patients with autoimmune encephalitis were enrolled and patients with infections, hereditary, metabolic or toxic neurological diseases were excluded. Based on the serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) antibody results, all patients were divided into antibody-positive group and antibody-negative group. The clinical manifestations of the two groups were compared in detail. The number of antibody-positive group with immuno-related injury (p=0.012), number of combined symptoms (p=0.027) and abnormal secretion of exocrine glands (p=0.023) were higher than antibody-negative group; patients with psychiatry department treatment history exceeded antibody-negative group (p=0.014) and patients with epileptic of antibody-positive group was less than that of antibody-negative group (p=0.028). Majority of patients in antibody-positive group displayed cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure and white blood cell (WBC) count increased while that in a small number of antibody-negative group (p = 0.043, p=0.045). Baseline mRS scores of antibody-positive group were higher than negative group at admission (p=0.049), and mRS in both groups were significantly lower at discharge than admission (p=0.010, p =0.011). Compared with antibody-negative group, the combined therapy in antibody-positive group was more common (p=0.025).Although antibody-positive patients may have more serious conditions,but the data suggest that in spite of some differences between antibody positive and negative patients, they are quite similar and perhaps should be subjected to the same rigorous treatment or management protocols. Immunotherapy might play an important role in relieving symptoms.
Integrated impact assessment method for the water transfer project on regional development
Authors: Xiao Zhangling , Liang Zhongmin , Li Binquan , Hu Yiming , Wang Jun 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Water transfer projects in China have become a popular research topic in recent years. This study develops a method for evaluating the comprehensive impacts of water transfer projects on regional development. In the qualitative assessment, the comprehensive index method is employed, and an evaluation index system is established from economic, social and environmental perspectives. In this approach, the weights are determined by the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and the entropy combined method. In the quantitative assessment, the sharing coefficient method is used. The procedure is applied to the water transfer project from the Yangtze River to the Taihu Lake. The qualitative results indicate that the conclusion of the water transfer project had a ‘large positive impact’ in 2016. In the quantitative assessment, the comprehensive benefit of increasing water supply via the project was 1.87 billion CNY in 2016. In addition, the integrated impact assessment method can be implemented at the seasonal scale to produce refined results. These results show that the proposed method can provide technical support for project operation and policy formulation.
Treatment of poultry slaughterhouse wastewater using a down-flow expanded granular bed reactor
Authors: Njoya M. , Basitere M. , Ntwampe S. K. O. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
This study evaluated the performance of a novel high rate anaerobic bioreactor system for the treatment of poultry slaughterhouse wastewater (PSW). The new system consisted of a granule-based technology operated in a down-flow configuration, with the assistance of medium-sized pumice stones used as packing materials for the retention of the anaerobic granules, to avoid challenges associated with the use of the three-phase separator of up-flow systems and the washout of the anaerobic biomass. Furthermore, a recycling stream was applied to the system to improve the mixing inside the Down-flow Expanded Granular Bed Reactor (DEGBR), i.e. the influent distribution to the granular biomass, and the implementation of intermittent fluidization when required to alleviate the effects of pressure drop in such systems. The DEGBR was operated under mesophilic conditions (30–35 °C) and achieved total chemical oxygen demand (tCOD), five-day biological oxygen demand and total suspended solids average removal percentages &gt;95%, and a fats, oils and grease average removal percentage of 93.67% ± 4.51, for an organic loading rate varying between 1.1 to 38.9 gCOD/L.day.
FECUNDITY STUDIES OF ANDROGRAPHIS PANICULATA ON DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER
Authors: Sahabudeen Sheik Mohideen , Nag Hindol , Madhavan Suneeti , Chatterjee Abhinav , Dan Pallavi , Bhattacharya Mahasweta , Nawaz Zail Ali 
Published: June 2019

Objective: Andrographis paniculata is widely used in Asia for various medicinal purposes. The plant has a major bioactive chemical constituent Andrographolide, which exhibits various essential pharmacological properties. Recently, to enhance immunity against viral fevers especially dengue viral fever during monsoon season, Tamil Nadu state government has advised rural health centres to provide a tea or kashayam made from a mixture containing this plant leaf along with selected plant roots and leaves. However, there is concern among the general public population that this plant extract may have a negative impact on potency. This study is being done to investigate the toxic effects of Andrographis paniculata on fecundity and physiological properties of Drosophila melanogaster.
Methods: The flies were treated and mated in pure and mixed form of Andrographis paniculata separately.
Results: The results were obtained in the form of egg count, which was compared to control and the conclusion was obtained that Andrographis paniculata might affect the fecundity and at the same time, it was observed that the developmental span from an egg to an adult fly increased upon treatment in successive generations. More importantly, the effect of pure form plant on the fecundity was found to be significant, while that of the mixed form was not. On mating a treated male with an untreated female and an untreated male with a treated female when the treatment is being discontinued, it can be very well seen that there is no effect on the fecundity of the flies.
Conclusion: Since the continuity of the treatment played a major role on the effect of fecundity, highlighting the importance of the period of treatment and the exposure time of the compound on the fly system, therefore this research suggests that the conception of tea or kashayam extracted from mixed plant content could not have the same effect as the similar concentration of pure Andrographis paniculata and it does not have any acute effect on the fecundity when being consumed over a short period of time in Drosophila melanogaster model.
IN VIVO ACUTE AND SUB-ACUTE TOXICITY STUDY OF ROOT EXTRACT OF CARISSA SPINARUM LINN. IN SWISS ALBINO MICE
Authors: GEBREHIWOT SIBHATU 
Published: June 2019

Objective: The objective of the present research work had been done to evaluate the toxicity of crude extract of Carissa spinarum in Swiss albino mice.
Methods: In studying the toxicity, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) guidelines were used. Experimental animals (mice), five mice in each, were grouped into four groups; three experimental groups and one negative control. In studying the acute toxicity, 2000, 3000 up to 5000 mg/kg crude plant extract was given orally using standard intragastric oral gavages. For acute toxicity, a single dose was given and gross behavioral changes were recorded. In sub-acute oral toxicity test, Carissa spinarum crude extract was given to the mice by standard intragastric oral gavages at doses of 500, 750 and 1000 mg/kg body weight of hydro-methanolic extract and 200, 600 and 1000 mg/kg of body weight of chloroform extract in every single to 28 d and various hematological and physical parameters were recorded.
Results: In acute toxicity, the given dose of the plant extract did not produce significant physical and behavior changes up to the dose of 5000 mg/kg extracts. In addition, no death was occurred in the given doses. In sub-acute toxicity studies of the hydro-methanolic and chloroform extracts, there was no recorded significant change (p>0.05) of hematological and physical parameters in the treated groups when compared to the control groups.
Conclusion: from the present study it was revealed that the crude extract of the plant did not produce any significant toxicological effect in the experimental animals and this supports the use of the plant in folk medicines.
EFFECTS OF ALPHA-MANGOSTIN AND CITRONELLA OIL AGAINST ACNE CAUSING BACTERIA
Authors: TANNGOEN PIANGPETCH , Lamlertthon Supaporn , Tiyaboonchai Waree 
Published: June 2019

Objective: This study assessed the effects of alpha-mangostin (AM) and citronella oil (CO) working alone or in combination against Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus).
Methods: The screening for antibacterial activity of AM and CO against P. acnes and S. aureus was carried out using the disk diffusion method. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) of these two substances were determined using the broth microdilution method. The fractional inhibitory concentration indices (FICI) of a combination of AM and CO were obtained by checkerboard dilution assay.
Results: The results showed that alpha-mangostin and citronella oil do indeed fight against P. acnes and S. aureus. The MICs and MBCs of AM against P. acnes and S. aureus were the same at 6.25 and 50 µg/ml, respectively. Both the MIC and the MBC of CO against P. acnes were 27.81µg/ml. The MIC and the MBC of CO against S. aureus were 112.13 and 224.25 µg/ml, respectively. The FICI of a combination of AM and CO against P. acnes and S. aureus were 2.00, indicating indifferent interaction with no additional inhibitory effect.
Conclusion: AM and CO are very effective against P. acnes and S. aureus, nevertheless their effect when used together was indifferent from using alone. Further research may find that either or both of these substances combined with yet a different natural agent could provide synergy againstP. acnes and S. aureus.
DIALYSIS PRACTICE PATTERN IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING HEMODIALYSIS IN A TERTIARY AND A PRIVATE HOSPITAL
Authors: Nerurkar Dhanisha Pramod , Oommen Janet Mary , Sajith Manjusha , Jawale Sunil , Ambike S M 
Published: June 2019

Objective: To evaluate the dialysis practice pattern in chronic kidney disease patients undergoing hemodialysis in a tertiary and a private hospital
Methods: A prospective observational study of six months duration was carried out in 158 CKD patients on hemodialysis for a minimum period of one month. Data such as socio-demographic, clinical characteristics and dialysis practice details were captured from the patient’s medical records into the pre-designed Patient Proforma. The collected data were analysed.
Results: Majority of respondents were male (67.09%), more than 60 y of age (32.28 %), married (89.24%). Hypertension (26.51%, 17.33%) was found to be the leading cause of CKD in a tertiary and private hospital. In the tertiary hospital, 78.31% of patients were undergoing twice-weekly hemodialysis, whereas in the private hospital thrice weekly (50.67%) hemodialysis was common. About 51.81% of patients in the tertiary and 58.67% in the private hospital was undergoing hemodialysis for 1-5 y with Arterio-Venous Fistula (59.04%, 94.67%) as the permanent vascular access (P<0.001).
Conclusion: This study shows that hypertension was the leading cause of CKD in both hospitals. In the tertiary hospital twice weekly hemodialysis with arteriovenous fistula (AVF) and Permanent Catheter (IJV), were both preferred as the permanent vascular access. Whereas in the private hospital majority were undergoing thrice weekly hemodialysis and AVF was highly preferred.
1002-P: Sacubitril/Valsartan Increases Postprandial Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Concentrations and Has Synergistic Effects when Combined with Sitagliptin
Authors: WEWER ALBRECHTSEN NICOLAI JACOB , MARK PETER DALL , HANSEN LASSE H. , ANDERSEN ULRIK ØRSØ , HARTMANN BOLETTE , CARR RICHARD D. , GUSTAFSSON FINN , DEACON CAROLYN F. , HOLST JENS J. , GØTZE JENS PETER , PLOMGAARD PETER 
Published: June 2019

Diabetes is an independent risk factor for heart failure. Treatment with a neprilysin inhibitor-angiotensin receptor blocker (sacubitril/valsartan) was demonstrated to improve glycemia and reduce time to initiation of insulin therapy but the underlying mechanism(s) are unknown. We hypothesized that sacubitril/valsartan attenuates neprilysin-dependent degradation of GLP-1, and that combined inhibition of the other enzyme cleaving intact GLP-1, dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4), would have synergistic effects on levels of intact GLP-1. In two open-labeled clinical trials, a total of 16 healthy men received a standardized meal (34% carbohydrates, 45% fat, 21% protein) combined with a prior single dose of sacubitril (194mg)/valsartan(206mg), sitagliptin (2x100mg), sacubitril(194mg)/valsartan(206mg) and sitagliptin (2x100mg), or control. Sacubitril/valsartan increased postprandial plasma concentrations of total GLP-1 by 67% and had synergistic effects on intact GLP-1 when combined with sitagliptin. Concentrations of glucose, insulin, and GIP were not significantly changed upon sacubitril/valsartan treatment. Sacubitril/valsartan synergistically protects intact GLP-1 when combined with a DPP-4 inhibitor pointing to a therapeutic potential for the combination in patients with cardiovascular disease and diabetes.

Disclosure
N.J. Wewer Albrechtsen: Research Support; Self; Mercodia, Novo Nordisk A/S. Speaker's Bureau; Self; Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. P.D. Mark: None. L.H. Hansen: None. U.Ø. Andersen: None. B. Hartmann: None. R.D. Carr: Employee; Self; Merck & Co., Inc. Speaker's Bureau; Spouse/Partner; Eli Lilly and Company, Merck & Co., Inc. F. Gustafsson: Advisory Panel; Self; Abbott, Corvia Medical, Inc. Consultant; Self; Bayer AG. Employee; Spouse/Partner; Novo Nordisk A/S. Research Support; Self; Novo Nordisk Foundation. Speaker's Bureau; Self; Novartis AG, Novo Nordisk A/S. C.F. Deacon: Employee; Spouse/Partner; Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. Stock/Shareholder; Spouse/Partner; Merck & Co., Inc. Other Relationship; Self; Eli Lilly and Company, Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. J.J. Holst: Advisory Panel; Self; Novo Nordisk A/S. J.P. Gøtze: None. P. Plomgaard: None.

Funding
Rigshopitalet