bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Empirical investigation of the relationship between organizational factors and organizational commitment in service organizations
Authors: Rahman Safayet , Islam Md. Zahidul , Ahad Abdullah Annie Dayani , Sumardi Wardah Azimah 
Published: August 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the influence of organizational factors such as culture, leadership, structure and top management support on organizational commitment in Bangladeshi service sector.Design/methodology/approachThis study is based on empirical findings administered on 217 managerial personnel in the service organizations based in Bangladesh.FindingsFindings of this study reveal that among the variables that are hypothesized in this study; team orientation, stability, transformational leadership, transactional leadership, decentralization, formalization and top management support have an influence on organizational commitment.Research limitations/implicationsThis study has identified and integrated factors that can influence organizational commitment in Bangladeshi service sector. Larger sample size including multiple country or culture may bring more explanatory power, comparability and increased generalizability.Practical implicationsThe outcome of this study will help business managers to identify and understand the organizational factors that can influence organizational commitment.Originality/valueThis study extends current research on organizational commitment by identifying and integrating the organizational factors and providing a simplistic model for the relationship between organizational factors and organizational commitment in the context of Bangladeshi service organizations.
Information technology capabilities and organizational agility
Authors: Cepeda Juan , Arias-Pérez José 
Published: August 2018

PurposeCurrently, it is commonly accepted that information technology capabilities (ITC) positively influence organizational agility. Nevertheless, studies have recently started to demonstrate that different organizational factors mediate this relation under the controvertible assumption that companies are capable of responding quickly to market changes using their IT in combination with other internal resources. Therefore, companies have given very little attention to collaborative work with external partners. The purpose of this study is to analyze the mediating effects of the acquisition and exploitation capabilities of open innovation on the information technology capabilities – organizational agility relationship.Design/methodology/approachStructural equation modeling was used to test the proposed model with survey data from a multinational corporation that operates in South American emerging economies in the pension and savings businesses.FindingsThis study found that only the open innovation capability of exploitation has a partial mediating effect. This means that this organizational ability serves as a bridge so that IT capabilities can have a positive incidence on organizational agility.Originality/valueThis paper adopts a more novel study focus that emphasizes the importance of collaborative work and of the use of external resources that are implicit in open innovation capability. On the other hand, this organizational ability implies external embeddedness, which is usually approached mainly from the network theory in the international business literature; however, this study offers a more interesting study focus in which externally oriented organizational abilities such as open innovation are more important for external embeddedness than are the size and quality of the external network.
Professionalism among employees in Lebanon: the Lebanese University
Authors: Abou Arraj Hala 
Published: August 2018

Purpose
The present paper tries to assess empirically the level of professionalism. In addition, this paper tries to analyze the factors affecting professionalism. For this reason, the purpose of this paper is twofold: first, to provide an empirical assessment of professionalism in a bureaucracy, and second, to assess the relationship of age and education, on the one hand, and bureaucratic professionalism, on the other hand. Because whims make a poor basis for change, an objective empirical assessment of the level of professionalism is provided and that is where the strength of this paper lies.

Design/methodology/approach
The data for this study are obtained from a survey administered to employees.

Findings
The findings of this paper are as follows: low professionalism among civil servants in Lebanon, no relationship between professionalism and age of employees and the direct relationship between professionalism and education of employees.

Practical implications
It is true that the woes of the administration lie in the confessional political system of the country; however, concentrating on contextual and behavioral variables that can be controlled could alleviate the problem.

Social implications
Recruiting educated employees based on their competency levels may alleviate the behavioral problem and may lead to improved professionalism.

Originality/value
No previous work was done in this regard.
Patent transactions in the marketplace: Lessons from the USPTO Patent Assignment Dataset
Authors: Graham Stuart J. H. , Marco Alan C. , Myers Amanda F. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractTransaction records involving U.S. patent documents have been maintained by the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) for over 40 years, but have not been extensively used by scholars. One explanation is that these data have not been in a form amenable for research. To help remedy this deficiency and to foster scholarship, the USPTO Office of Chief Economist is curating internal agency records to release a series of datasets in research‐ready formats. This article describes theUSPTO Patent Assignment Dataset(UPAD), a relational database of roughly 6 million assignments, licenses, securitizations, and other conveyances involving about 10 million U.S. patents and patent applications, recorded 1970–2014. To promote research uses, this article provides a comprehensive data description and presents stylized facts derived from the records. Although this article discusses several limitations inherent in using these data, the release of theUPADcreates opportunities to conduct original research, particularly relating to intellectual property collateralization and the markets for technology and innovation.
Making the patent scope consistent with the invention: Evidence from Japan
Authors: Okada Yoshimi , Naito Yusuke , Nagaoka Sadao 
Published: August 2018

AbstractIt is a crucial function of patent examination to make the patent scope consistent with the contribution of the invention to the state of the art. We assess this function using newly developed data on the scope of Japanese patent applications and grants. We find that the scope was narrowed in two thirds of the grants, both the incidence and the extent of narrowing increased when the applicant chose broad initial scope and decreased when the quality of the applicant's disclosure of prior art was high, and that important applications experienced narrowing more frequently, as one expects from rational examination.
Differentiation of Cerebellar Hemisphere Tumors: Combining Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Histogram Analysis and Structural MRI Features
Authors: Payabvash Seyedmehdi , Tihan Tarik , Cha Soonmee 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACTBACKGROUND AND PURPOSEWe aimed to develop a diagnostic algorithm for differentiation of cerebellar hemisphere tumors, combining Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC) histogram analysis and structural imaging features.METHODSPretreatment MRI of patients with pathologically proven cerebellar hemisphere neoplasms were reviewed. Voxel‐wise volumetric ADC histograms of tumor solid components were determined. Histogram variables, patients’ age, and structural imaging features were applied to develop a differential diagnosis algorithm.RESULTSAmong 142 patients, the most common tumors were metastasis (n = 54), hemangioblastoma (n = 39), pilocytic astrocytoma (n = 18), and medulloblastoma (n = 9). On ADC histogram analysis, medulloblastomas had the lowest, and pilocytic astrocytomas had the highest ADC values. An ADC 15th percentile value < 580 × 10−6 mm2/s could differentiate medulloblastomas from other cerebellar hemisphere tumors with receiver operating characteristic (ROC) area under the curve (AUC) of .98 (P < .001). Comparing the two most common adult cerebellar hemisphere tumors (metastases and hemangioblastomas), hemangioblastomas had higher ADC values; and an ADC 90th percentile value > 2000 × 10−6 mm2/s could identify hemangioblastomas with ROC AUC of .82 (P < .001). Along with ADC histogram and patients’ age, structural imaging features including enhancement pattern, prominent vascular flow voids, surrounding FLAIR hyperintensity, and solid component T2 signal hyperintensity were independent differentiation variables in the diagnostic algorithm.CONCLUSIONIn pretreatment differentiation of cerebellar tumors, the ADC histogram analysis is particularly helpful for distinction of medulloblastomas from other subtypes, and differentiation of the two most common adult tumors (ie, metastases and hemangioblastomas) from each other. Combination of structural imaging features and ADC histogram analysis can help with pretreatment differentiation of cerebellar tumors.
Profiles and profile comparisons between Dark Triad constructs on self‐presentation tactic usage and tactic beliefs
Authors: Hart William , Tortoriello Gregory K. , Richardson Kyle , Breeden Christopher J. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractObjectiveThe present research profiled antisocial personality constructs in relation to tactical self‐presentation behaviors and various beliefs associated with such tactical behavior.MethodAn MTurk sample (N = 524; Mage = 37.89; 61% female) completed indices of the Dark Triad (DT; narcissism, Machiavellianism, psychopathy) and self‐reported their use of various self‐presentation tactics, their beliefs about the subjective logic for executing the tactics (which encompassed ratings of the tactics’ utility, ease of execution, and normativity), and the potential for each tactic to arouse self‐recrimination.ResultsResults revealed high convergence between the DT constructs on a relatively malignant approach to self‐presentation. DT constructs related to enhanced usage, enhanced subjective logic, and reduced self‐recrimination ratings for all the tactics, except pro‐social ones (exemplification and apologizing). Nonetheless, results also revealed some notable anticipated instances of nonconvergences between the DT constructs and tactic usage.ConclusionsThe findings highlight that DT constructs function rather similarly at the level of self‐presentation and suggest value in considering the DT constructs as indicative of strategic, subjectively logical image cultivation and defense behavior.
A prospective study about physical growth of children from birth to 2 years old born full‐term small‐for‐gestational‐age
Authors: Huang Lili , Yang Sufei , Yang Fan , Xiong Fei 
Published: August 2018

AimTo evaluate the growth trend of children from birth to 2 years old born full‐term small‐for‐gestational‐age (SGA) in Chengdu, China.MethodsFull‐term SGA infants were prospectively followed from birth to 2 years of age. The weight, length and head circumference were monitored at 3, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months. Catch‐up growth and growth velocity were measured by using standardised z‐score and Δz‐score. Growth deviation was analysed.ResultsA total of 850 full‐term SGA infants were involved in our study. There were no significant differences in weight or length at birth between male and female infants. Full catch‐up growth was seen in 95.85% of SGA infants within 2 years of life, with no gender differences. The z‐score and Δz‐score for weight at 3 months were less than those at other ages (P < 0.05). The z‐score and Δz‐score for length at 3 and 6 months were less than those at other ages (P < 0.05). Smaller z‐score for head circumference was seen at 3 and 6 months (P < 0.05). The z‐score for body mass index at 6 months was the largest over the period of follow‐up. The total prevalence of being overweight or obese fluctuated around 10% at different follow‐up stages. Males had a faster growth velocity for length at 12 months compared to females (P < 0.05). The proportion of those who were underweight, of short stature or had a head circumference z‐score < −2 significantly decreased between 3 and 6 months. At 24 months, there was an increase in z‐score of 0.67 standard deviation for both weight and length in most full‐term SGA infants, and the proportion of underweight and short stature was 2.97 and 2.67%, respectively.ConclusionsMost full‐term SGA infants undergo catch‐up growth during the first year of life. Regardless of gender, the catch‐up velocity for weight exceeded that for length at each visit. Additional follow‐up studies are needed to determine long‐term growth outcomes for full‐term SGAs.
Improving Efficiency for Making Screening Decisions: A Statewide Comparison of Early Literacy Curriculum‐Based Measurement Tools
Authors: Ford Jeremy W. , Kern Amanda M. , Hosp Michelle K. , Missall Kristen N. , Hosp John L. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractUniversal screening practices play a critical role in preventing reading difficulties. Screening decisions typically rely on results from several curriculum‐based measurement (CBM) tools. In this study, data from 236 first graders were pulled as a subsample from a statewide study. Participants completed multiple early literacy CBM tools and an outcome measure. Performance differences were compared across tools and publishers to examine classification accuracy. Results show no differences in performance between nonsense word fluency tools across publishers, yet differences were found examining classification accuracy. We also report results of an exploratory analysis examining whether improvements in testing efficiency in early literacy screening are possible via multiple‐gating procedures. Improving the accuracy and efficiency of screening procedures are discussed as implications for practice.
A kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa) R2R3‐MYB transcription factor modulates chlorophyll and carotenoid accumulation
Authors: Ampomah‐Dwamena Charles , Thrimawithana Amali H. , Dejnoprat Supinya , Lewis David , Espley Richard V. , Allan Andrew C. 
Published: August 2018

Summary

MYB transcription factors (TFs) regulate diverse plant developmental processes and understanding their roles in controlling pigment accumulation in fruit is important for developing new cultivars. In this study, we characterised kiwifruit TFMYB7, which was found to activate the promoter of the kiwifruit lycopene beta‐cyclase (AdLCY‐β) gene that plays a key role in the carotenoid biosynthetic pathway.

To determine the role of MYB7, we analysed gene expression and metabolite profiles in Actinidia fruit which show different pigment profiles. The impact of MYB7 on metabolic biosynthetic pathways was then evaluated by overexpression in Nicotiana benthamiana followed by metabolite and gene expression analysis of the transformants.

MYB7 was expressed in fruit that accumulated carotenoid and Chl pigments with high transcript levels associated with both pigments. Constitutive over‐expression of MYB7, through transient or stable transformation of N. benthamiana, altered Chl and carotenoid pigment levels. MYB7 overexpression was associated with transcriptional activation of certain key genes involved in carotenoid biosynthesis, Chl biosynthesis, and other processes such as chloroplast and thylakoid membrane organization.

Our results suggest that MYB7 plays a role in modulating carotenoid and Chl pigment accumulation in tissues through transcriptional activation of metabolic pathway genes.
Ferrocarril de La Dorada: configuración, desarticulación y rupturas
Authors: Nieto Carlos Eduardo Nieto , Real Yenny Andrea 
Published: August 2018

El presente artículo aborda la dimensión patrimonial de la línea férrea conocida como el Ferrocarril de La Dorada (Colombia, departamentos de Caldas y Tolima) a partir de dos aspectos básicos: el primero tiene que ver con el reconocimiento de la construcción de este ferrocarril como un sistema territorial complejo; y el segundo, el contraste con el estado actual de los elementos de función especializada dentro de la línea de 111 km de longitud, principalmente de arquitectura y de ingeniería. Para esto, el análisis del Ferrocarril de La Dorada como una unidad patrimonial parte en un primer momento de la recopilación y análisis del proceso histórico de conformación de esta línea, para luego definir los elementos constitutivos del sistema. En un tercer momento, se hace un recorrido y registro del estado actual de los elementos más importantes definidos, y se culmina con unas notas sobre las necesidades de articulación para su conservación.
What are the risk factors for injuries and injury prevention strategies for skiers and snowboarders in terrain parks and half-pipes? A systematic review
Authors: Audet Olivier , Hagel Brent E , Nettel-Aguirre Albertro , Mitra Tatum , Emery Carolyn A , Macpherson Alison , Lavoie Marie Denise , Goulet Claude 
Published: August 2018

ObjectiveTo synthesise the current evidence regarding the risk factors, the injury prevention strategies and the profile of injured skiers and snowboarders in terrain parks (TPs) and half-pipes (HPs).DesignSystematic review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines.Data sourcesLiterature searches from six electronic databases and manual searches were performed.Eligibility criteria for selecting studiesInclusion criteria were: (1) publication based on original data; (2) injuries sustained in TPs or HPs; (3) recreational skiing or snowboarding injuries; (4) observational or experimental study design with a comparison group.ResultsNo study explored the risk factors in HPs or the prevention strategies in TPs or HPs. From the literature retrieved, there is strong evidence that skiing or snowboarding in a TP is a risk factor for head, neck, back and severe injuries. Two papers assessed the risk factors for injuries in TPs, mainly demonstrating that features promoting aerial manoeuvres or a large drop to the ground were associated with higher feature-specific injury rates. The profile of injured skiers and snowboarders in TPs described in the literature suggested some evidence of associations between factors including activity, sex, skill level, helmet use, age and TP injuries.Summary/conclusionsThis systematic review demonstrates the need for studies identifying the risk factors for injuries to skiers and snowboarders and on interventions to reduce the risk of injury in TPs and HPs. Studies addressing the issue of TP design should be considered.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42016045206.
Dose modification and dose intensity during treatment with pirfenidone: analysis of pooled data from three multinational phase III trials
Authors: Nathan Steven D , Lancaster Lisa H , Albera Carlo , Glassberg Marilyn K , Swigris Jeffrey J , Gilberg Frank , Kirchgaessler Klaus-Uwe , Limb Susan L , Petzinger Ute , Noble Paul W 
Published: August 2018

IntroductionTemporary dose modifications, such as reductions or interruptions, may allow patients to better manage adverse events (AEs) associated with pirfenidone use and continue treatment for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). However, the impact of such dosing adjustments on efficacy and safety is uncertain.MethodsPatients randomised to receive treatment with pirfenidone 2403 mg/day or placebo in the Clinical Studies Assessing Pirfenidone in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: Research of Efficacy and Safety Outcomes (CAPACITY (Study 004 (NCT00287716)) and Study 006 (NCT00287729))) and Assessment of Pirfenidone to Confirm Efficacy and Safety in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (ASCEND (Study 016 (NCT01366209)) trials were included in the analysis (n=1247). Descriptive statistics and a linear mixed-effects model (slope analysis) for annual rate of decline in forced vital capacity (FVC) by dose intensity were performed. Treatment-emergent AEs (TEAEs) were summarised and grouped by dose intensity or body size.ResultsDose reductions and interruptions occurred in 76.9% (95% CI 73.4% to 80.1%) and 46.5% (95% CI 42.6% to 50.6%) of patients receiving pirfenidone vs 72.0% (95% CI 68.3% to 75.4%) and 31.1% (95% CI 27.5% to 34.9%) of patients receiving placebo, respectively. Dose interruptions tended to occur during the first 6 months of treatment, whereas dose reductions exhibited more variability. Less FVC decline from baseline was observed in patients receiving pirfenidone versus placebo at >90% dose intensity (p<0.001) or ≤90% dose intensity (p=0.0191), showing treatment benefit in both subgroups of dose intensity. No meaningful relationship between weight and TEAEs was observed.ConclusionDose interruptions, which may be required to manage TEAEs, mostly occurred during the first 6 months of treatment. Despite dose reductions and interruptions, most patients with IPF maintained relatively high dose intensity on pirfenidone, without compromising its treatment effect compared with placebo.Trial registration numbersNCT00287729,NCT00287716,NCT01366209.
Relationship between white matter integrity and post-traumatic cognitive deficits: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Jie , Tian Liang , Zhang Li , Cheng Ruidong , Wei Ruili , He Fangping , Li Juebao , Luo Benyan , Ye Xiangming 
Published: August 2018

ObjectiveTo investigate relationships between cognitive domains and white matter changes in different regions in patients with cognitive deficits after traumatic brain injury (TBI).MethodsDatabases including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and CENTRAL were searched for studies published before 5 August 2017. Correlation coefficients between cognition and white matter integrity, measured by diffusion metrics, including fractional anisotropy (FA), were pooled from 49 studies including 1405 patients. The influence of demographic factors was assessed by meta-regression analysis.ResultsSignificant pooled FA–executive correlations (p<0.001) were found across various regions, including the corpus callosum (CC) (r=0.42, 95% CI 0.30 to 0.54), superior longitudinal fasciculus (r=0.50, 95% CI 0.41 to 0.59) and internal capsule (IC) (r=0.49, 95% CI 0.37 to 0.61). The fornix (r=0.62, 95% CI 0.45 to 0.78) and cingulum (r=0.57, 95% CI 0.34 to 0.81) particularly correlated with memory (p<0.001). The CC and IC also showed significant relationships with attention and processing speed (p<0.001). Demographic factors had no influence overall, except that studies with a greater proportion of males had stronger correlations between memory and white matter (p<0.05).ConclusionsFA is the most sensitive metric for detecting post-TBI cognitive decline across various domains. Representative white matter regions, such as the CC and IC, perform better than whole-brain white matter for reflecting a wide range of cognitive domains, including memory, attention and executive functions. Moreover, the fornix and cingulum particularly reflect memory function. They yield insights into particular imaging indicators that have neuropsychological value.