bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Morphological phenotyping of the aging cochlea in inbred C57BL/6N and outbred CD1 mouse strains
Authors: Attanasio Chiara , Palladino Antonio , Giaquinto Daniela , Scavizzi Ferdinando , Raspa Marcello , Peres Chiara , Anastasio Camilla , Scocco Paola , Lucini Carla , de Girolamo Paolo , D'Angelo Livia , De Felice Elena 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMorphological mouse phenotyping plays a pivotal role in the translational setting and even more in the area of auditory research, where mouse is a central model organism due to the evolutionary genetic relationship and morpho‐functional analogies with the human auditory system. However, some results obtained in murine models cannot be translated to humans due to the inadequate description of experimental conditions underlying poor reproducibility. We approach the characterization of the aging process of the mouse cochlea in animals up to 18 months of age belonging to two of the most used outbred (CD1) and inbred (C57BL/6N) strains. Striving to reduce any environmental variable we performed our study compliantly to the ARRIVE guidelines. We integrated instrumental data (auditory brainstem response test), with morphological analyses to correlate functional discrepancies to morphological changes and track the differences in the evolution of sensorineural hearing loss in the two strains. We featured the localization of Gipc3, Myosin VIIa, and TMC1 in hair cells of the Corti organ as well as NF 200 and the density of type I neuron in the spiral ganglion. We outlined age‐related hearing loss (ARHL) in both strains, and a clear drop in the selected marker localization. However, in CD1 we detected a different trend allowing the identification of potential strain‐specific mechanisms, namely an increase in myosin VIIa in 6 months aging mice in comparison to 2 months old animals. Our findings represent an asset to investigate the strain‐dependent physiological trigger of ARHL providing new insights in the translational area.
Impact of phosphatidylethanol in the surveillance for alcohol use in post‐liver transplant population: A retrospective study
Authors: De La Torre Sergio A. , Ibrahim Brittney , Meneses Katherine , Saab Sammy , Shetty Akshay 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundAlcohol‐related liver disease (ALD) is the leading indication for liver transplantation in the United States. The aim of this study was to describe the impact of phosphatidylethanol (PEth) in the surveillance for alcohol use after liver transplantation.MethodsWe conducted a single‐center retrospective study to assess the impact of phosphatidylethanol (PEth) for the surveillance of alcohol use and its correlation to health outcomes. We compared orthotopic liver transplant (OLT) recipients for ALD transplanted between 2016 and 2018, before the introduction of PEth, to those transplanted between 2019 and 2022, after the introduction of PEth. Alcohol relapse versus nonrelapse cohorts were also compared. Follow‐up time for all cohorts was limited to 3 years post‐OLT. Continuous variables were analyzed with an independent t‐test and categorical variables with Fischer's exact test and chi‐square test. The Kaplan–Meier method and log‐rank test were used to assess alcohol‐free survival.ResultsWe reviewed 263 patients who were transplanted for ALD; 46 (17.5%) patients were noted to have at least one episode of alcohol relapse after their transplant. Patients with alcohol relapse had more frequent episodes of elevated liver enzymes compared with nonrelapsed patients (4.35 episodes vs. 2.46 episodes respectively, p < 0.001). The number of hospitalizations was also noted to be elevated among relapsed versus nonrelapsed patients; however, this was not statistically significant (2.85 vs. 2.50 respectively, p = 0.307). When comparing relapse rates before and after the introduction of PEth, relapses were notably detected more frequently after the introduction of PEth (17% vs. 7%, p = 0.012). No difference was noted in rates of mortality between patients who did or did not relapse.ConclusionsOverall, PEth is an effective surveillance tool in the postliver transplant population to monitor for alcohol relapse. Early detection of relapse can lead to opportunities for early intervention to avoid alcohol‐related complications.
Cost–utility analysis of provision of e‐cigarette starter kits for smoking cessation in emergency departments: An economic evaluation of a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Li Jinshuo , Wu Qi , Parrott Steve , Pope Ian , Clark Lucy V. , Clark Allan , Ward Emma , Belderson Pippa , Stirling Susan , Coats Timothy J. , Bauld Linda , Holland Richard , Gentry Sarah , Agrawal Sanjay , Bloom Benjamin M. , Boyle Adrian , Gray Alasdair , Morris M. Geraint , Livingstone‐Banks Jonathan , Notley Caitlin 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAimsTo assess the cost‐effectiveness of the Cessation of Smoking Trial in Emergency Department (COSTED) intervention compared with signposting to local stop smoking service (SSS) from the National Health Service (NHS) and personal social services (PSS) perspective.Design, setting and participantsThis was a two‐group, multi‐centre, pragmatic, individually randomized controlled trial set in six Emergency Departments (EDs) in urban and rural areas in the United Kingdom. Adult (≥ 18 years) daily smokers (at least one cigarette or equivalent per day) but not daily e‐cigarette users, with carbon monoxide reading ≥ 8 parts per million, attending the ED (n = 972) were included. The intervention consisted of provision of an e‐cigarette starter kit plus brief smoking cessation advice and referral to a local SSS. Control was an information card on how to access local SSS.MeasurementsIntervention costs included costs of training and delivery. Control costs included costs of printing information cards. Costs of smoking cessation and health‐care services were estimated based on quantities reported by participants and unit costs extracted from secondary sources. The effects were measured by quality‐adjusted life years (QALYs) derived from EQ‐5D‐5L. Other outcomes were smoking cessation measures. The primary outcome was incremental cost‐effectiveness ratio (ICER), which was calculated by dividing the difference in costs by the difference in QALYs between groups.FindingsThe mean intervention costs were £48 [standard error (SE) = £0] per participant and the mean control costs were £0.2 (SE = £0) per participant. Using regression estimates, total costs were £31 [95% confidence interval (CI) = –£341 to £283] higher and 6‐month QALYs were 0.004 (95% CI = –0.004 to 0.014) higher in the intervention group than in the control group. The ICER was calculated at £7750 (probability of cost‐effective at range £20 000–30 000: 72.2–76.5%).ConclusionsThe UK Cessation of Smoking Trial in Emergency Department (COSTED) intervention (provision of an e‐cigarette starter kit plus brief smoking cessation advice) was cost‐effective compared with signposting to local stop smoking services under the current recommendations of the maximum acceptable thresholds.
Time after time: The influence of perceived coworker overtime, affect and workaholism on daily withdrawal responses
Authors: Wang Bin , Wang Ziqi , Zhang Wei , Sheng Zitong , Zhang Liangting , Qian Jing 
Published: November 2024

AbstractLong working hours continue to pose a challenge for a considerable number of employees today. Departing from the predominant focus on the detrimental consequences associated with personal overtime work, this study aims to investigate the influences of perceived coworkers working overtime (PCWO) on employees. We theorised that PCWO may constitute a type of stressful event for employees and proposed that it will lead to employees' daily withdrawal responses (i.e. time banditry behaviour and turnover intention) through an increase in negative affect (NA). In addition, employees' workaholism may have a cross‐level impact on the within‐individual level relationships between their NA and withdrawal responses. We tested our theoretical hypotheses using the experience sampling methodology (ESM), with 111 full‐time employees reporting their working experiences over 10 workdays. Results from the multilevel analysis revealed that even after controlling for one's own working hours, PCWO was positively related to employees' NA, which, in turn, led to an increase in time banditry behaviour and turnover intention. In addition, we also found that the within‐individual level relationship between NA and turnover intention was stronger for employees higher (vs. lower) in workaholism, supporting the moderating role of workaholism. Theoretical and practical implications of our study are discussed.
The (un)targeted gendered vulnerabilities in Norwegian development aid—a corpus‐assisted discourse analysis
Authors: Vandeskog Hilde Ousland , Buts Jan , Heggen Kristin Margrethe , Engebretsen Eivind 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMotivationGender is a central concept and a buzzword in the development aid discourse. Like many buzzwords, its meaning is malleable. If aid efforts really are to “leave no one behind,” as the Sustainable Development Goals proclaim, we must critically interrogate how the discursive articulation of buzzwords such as gender can both make visible and hide from view vulnerabilities that should be salient for aid programming. In this article, we focus on the extent to which the mobilization of “gender” by Norwegian development aid non‐governmental organizations' is able to bring vulnerabilities related to sexual orientation, gender identity, and expression (SOGIE) to the fore.PurposeThe purpose of this study is to examine a corpus of Norwegian NGO development aid policy and planning documents to analyse whether and how gender is articulated differently across different types of documents, and what this means in terms of which gendered vulnerabilities become visible.Approach and methodsWe draw on methods from corpus‐assisted discourse studies (CADS) to examine a purpose‐built corpus of 88 files pulled from framework funding applications submitted by four Norwegian aid NGOs to the Norwegian Agency for Development Cooperation (NORAD). We analyse the results drawing on Laclau and Mouffe's discourse theory to examine how conceptual translation between policy and programme‐level documents opens up space for the concept to be assigned changing meanings.FindingsWhile the NGOs at policy level articulate a broad notion of gendered vulnerabilities that include recognition of SOGIE vulnerabilities, this is not translated into practical programme plans. At the programme plan level, gender is articulated as a subject field overwhelmingly concerned with women and firmly attached to a traditional binary sex‐gender construct.Policy implicationsAlthough SOGIE gendered vulnerabilities are increasingly acknowledged in NGO articulations of their priorities and values, this is not reflected in actual programme plans. We argue that this can lead to a misplaced expectation that these concerns are being addressed in the NGOs' activities, obscuring the neglect of SOGIE vulnerabilities in many development aid gender programmes.
Firms' margins of adjustment to wage growth: the case of Italian collective bargaining
Authors: Devicienti Francesco , Fanfani Bernardo 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis study analyses firms' adjustment behaviour when facing higher labour costs. The empirical research design considers several outcomes, and exploits, as a source of variation in labour costs, discontinuities in the growth of contractual wages set by Italian collective bargaining institutions. The results indicate that adjustment channels are highly heterogeneous across the firms' productivity distribution. Employment, revenue, productivity and the profit margin are negatively related to contractual wage growth among relatively less efficient companies. Instead, most efficient firms do not downsize, they substitute high‐ with low‐wage workers while preserving their productivity, and they may even increase (or at least keep constant) their profitability. We conclude that more efficient companies, which adjust through cost‐saving and labour‐hoarding strategies, may benefit from cleansing effects, as their product market shares increase when costs of more constrained rivals are raised.
Mesopelagic Fish Traits: Functions and Trade‐Offs
Authors: Andresen Henrike , Eduardo Leandro Nolé , Olivar M. Pilar , van Denderen P. Daniël , Spitz Jérôme , Maureaud Aurore A. , Brind'Amour Anik , Bowlin Noelle M. , García‐Seoane Eva , Langbehn Tom J. , Sutton Tracey T. , Fock Heino O. , Salvanes Anne Gro V. , Lindegren Martin 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTFishes inhabiting the mesopelagic zone of the world's oceans are estimated to account for the majority of the world's fish biomass. They have recently attracted new attention because they are part of the biological carbon pump and have been reconsidered as a contribution to food security. Hence, there is an urgent need to understand how environmental conditions and species interactions shape their assemblages, and how they contribute to the functioning of marine ecosystems. Trait‐based approaches are valuable for addressing these types of questions. However, the biology and ecology of mesopelagic fishes are understudied compared to fishes in shallow and epipelagic waters. Here, we synthesise existing knowledge of traits of mesopelagic fishes and relate them to their role in survival, feeding and growth and reproduction, the key functions that contribute to fitness. Vertical migrations, specialised vision and the use of bioluminescence are among the most striking adaptations to the conditions in the mesopelagic realm. Many traits are interrelated as a result of trade‐offs, which may help to understand selection pressures. While morphological traits are straightforward to observe, major knowledge gaps exist for traits that require frequent sampling, assessment under experimental conditions or age determination. The unique adaptations of mesopelagic fishes need to be included in management strategies as well as fundamental research of the habitat.
Culturally responsive modifications to Gottman's Seven Principles Program for Arab American Adults: A feasibility study
Authors: Almalki Sarah A. , Ganong Lawrence H. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the feasibility of implementing a culturally responsive version of Gottman's Seven Principles relationship education program in a community‐based setting for married Arab American adults.BackgroundTo provide high‐quality couple and relationship education, it is necessary to acknowledge the population's needs and cultural backgrounds. One ethnic minority group that needs special attention is the Arab American community, which shares protective factors in terms of family support, religious beliefs, resiliency, and collectivist culture.MethodWe adapted Gottman's Seven Principles Program and conducted a qualitative feasibility study to examine recruitment capability, program acceptability, demand, and participant response among 16 Arab American married adults.ResultsThe results emphasize the vital role that thoughtful cultural and linguistic program adaptation played in increasing the acceptability and engagement of Arab American participants. However, results identified the ongoing stigma in Arab American communities against overtly seeking help for marital issues.ConclusionThis feasibility study provides helpful methodological and practical guidance to inform the design of larger scale randomized trials examining the efficacy of culturally responsive marriage education programs.ImplicationsThis study outlined actionable strategies, adaptations, venues, and communication channels to reduce barriers and optimize the delivery of marriage education to Arab American couples and families.
Bayesian Evaluation of Growth Rates and Kleiber's Ratios in Harnali Sheep: Dissecting Maternal and Additive Genetic Contributions
Authors: Dash Spandan Shashwat , Bangar Yogesh C. , Magotra Ankit , Patil C. S. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTUnderstanding the genetic basis of growth and metabolic traits in sheep is crucial for improving production efficiency and sustainability. The current study aimed to estimate the genetic influences, both direct and maternal, on growth rate and Kleiber's ratio traits in Harnali sheep using pedigree data under Bayesian inference. The data pertained to 2404 animals spanned over 24 years (1998–2021). Fixed factors such as birth period, lamb sex and dam's weight at lambing were considered. The traits studied included average daily gains (ADGs) categorised into ADG1 (birth to weaning age), ADG2 (weaning to 6 months of age) and ADG3 (6–12 months of age), as well as corresponding Kleiber's ratios (KR1, KR2 and KR3). Six single‐trait animal models were employed to estimate covariance components and heritabilities, integrating direct additive and maternal effects alongside significant fixed factors using THRGIBBS1F90 and POSTGIBBSF90 programmes. Direct heritability estimates were obtained for ADG1 (0.11 ± 0.05), ADG2 (0.06 ± 0.03), ADG3 (0.03 ± 0.03), KR1 (0.07 ± 0.03), KR2 (0.06 ± 0.03) and KR3 (0.05 ± 0.03). Maternal genetic effects have contributed significant particularly to pre‐weaning traits. The study identified an antagonistic relationship between direct additive and maternal genetic effects. Positive genetic and phenotypic correlations emphasised the intricate relationship between growth and metabolic efficiency in Harnali sheep. The current study offers critical insights into the genetic basis of growth and metabolic traits in Harnali sheep, ultimately contributing to more efficient and sustainable sheep production systems.
Up‐regulation of HOXA‐AS2 and MEG3 long non‐coding RNAs acts as a potential peripheral biomarker for bipolar disorder
Authors: Hosseini Maryam , Mokhtari Mohammad Javad 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBipolar disorder (BD) is a psychiatric condition that is frequently misdiagnosed and linked to inadequate treatment. Long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have lately gained recognition as crucial genetic elements and are now regarded as regulatory mechanisms in the neurological system. Our objective was to measure the quantities of HOXA‐AS2 and MEG3 ncRNA transcripts. HOXA‐AS2 and MEG3 ncRNA levels were checked in the peripheral blood of 50 type I BD and 50 control samples by real‐time PCR. Furthermore, we conducted ROC curve analysis and correlation analysis to examine the association between gene expression and specific clinical characteristics in instances with BD. Additionally, a computational study was performed to investigate the binding sites of miRNAs on the HOXA‐AS2 and MEG3 lncRNAs. BD subjects showed a significant increase in the expression of HOXA‐AS2 and MEG3 compared to controls. The lncRNAs HOXA‐AS2 and MEG3 have an area under the ROC curve (AUC) values of 0.70 and 0.71, respectively. There was a significant correlation between the expression levels of ncRNAs HOXA‐AS2 and MEG3 in the peripheral blood of patients with BD and occupation scores. The data presented indicate a potential correlation between the expression of HOXA‐AS2 and MEG3 lncRNAs with an elevated risk of BD. Furthermore, these lncRNAs may be linked to several molecular pathways. Our findings indicate that the amounts of lncRNAs HOXA‐AS2 and MEG3 in transcripts might be a promising potential biomarker for patients with BD.
Effect of Plant Identity in Wheat Mixtures on English Grain Aphid (Sitobion avenae) Control
Authors: Tous‐Fandos Alba , Gallinger Jannicke , Enting Arnoud , Chamorro‐Lorenzo Lourdes , Sans F. Xavier , Ninkovic Velemir 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTField experiments have demonstrated that wheat mixtures differ in their ability to regulate aphid populations. To further investigate the effectiveness of wheat mixtures (Triticum aestivum and Triticum turgidum) in controlling aphids, we conducted both laboratory and greenhouse experiments. Specifically, we assessed the associational resistance of two wheat mixtures (Florence‐Aurora with Forment, Florence‐Aurora with Montcada), and their respective monocultures, in different stages of the aphid host selection process. We analysed aphid acceptance rate, population growth, and load under different wheat treatments. Additionally, we characterised wheat aboveground biomass and nitrogen content as important functional traits for aphid resistant. Aphid acceptance decreased in plants of cv. Forment when exposed to volatiles from undamaged Florence‐Aurora plants, whereas the other tested combinations tested had no effect. Aphids performed differently in the two mixtures: Florence‐Aurora mixed with Forment significantly reduced aphid population growth and load compared to the monocultures, whereas the combination of Florence‐Aurora with Montcada wheat had no effect on aphid performance. The plant–plant interactions also modified the analysed traits. Nitrogen content of Florence‐Aurora wheat plants was reduced when mixed with Forment wheat, which may explain the lower aphid load observed in plants of cv. Florence‐Aurora when mixed with plants of cv. Forment. However, mixing wheats with similar aboveground biomass resulted in an increase in the average biomass of plants of both cultivars which could have led to a higher aphid population. The data supports the idea of right neighbour, as the benefits of wheat mixtures for aphid control were determined by the identity of the combined plants (or species). Finally, our results suggest that associating wheats with different traits may promote facilitative interactions, which in turn enhances associational resistance, whereas the combination of wheats with similar traits may result in competitive interactions that may hinder aphid control benefits.
Host‐Parasite Interaction Between the Nematoda Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) paraensis and Fish Hoplias malabaricus From the Natural Environment in the Brazilian Amazon
Authors: Corrêa Lincoln L. , Tavares‐Dias Marcos , Arana Sarah , Adriano Edson A. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTHistopathological studies of parasitic infections in fish from the natural environment of Brazilian Amazon, are quite scarce. In this study, we investigated the histopathological changes of the proximal intestine of specimens of the Amazonian fish Hoplias malabaricus infected by the hematophagous nematode Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) paraensis. The prevalence of the infection was 60%, with an average abundance of 1.46 and an average intensity of 2.43 parasites/fish. No significant difference was observed in the prevalence of infection and fish size or sex, but larger fish showed greater infection intensity, which was also significantly higher in male hosts. Histological sections of the proximal intestine showed reduction and loss of the epithelial lining, exposure of the lamina propria where the nematode interacts with the intestine wall, through the insertion of the buccal capsule and fish cellular debris in the intestinal lumen. In addition, areas with bleeding and inflammatory infiltrate were observed, but no changes or presence of parasite structures were observed in the other tunics of the intestinal wall.