bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Numerical investigation of the flow dynamics inside single fluid and binary fluid ejectors
Authors: El Hassan Mouhammad , Bukharin Nikolay 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The present study describes the flow dynamics inside a supersonic ejector using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) modelling. Numerical prediction of both the mass flow rates and the wall static pressure profiles are validated using experimental measurements. Air-Air, Argon-Argon and Argon-Air cases are investigated in term of fluid mixing and ejector performance for the same boundary conditions and ejector geometry. It is found that the molar entrainment ratio is higher for Argon-Air as compared to the single fluid cases due to the higher molecular mass ratio between the primary and the secondary fluids. It is also found that the mass entrainment ratio is lower when Air is replaced with Argon as a primary fluid. New flow physics findings based on analysis of flow momentum and turbulence quantities distribution are provided in this paper to explain such behavior.
Wave transformation due to floating thick elastic plate over multiple stepped bottom topography
Authors: Praveen K M , Karmakar D 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The wave transformation due to floating elastic plate is studied over multiple stepped bottom topography. The behaviour of the flexible floating plate is studied considering Timoshenko-Mindlin’s plate thick theory at finite water depth and the edge conditions for the floating plates are considered to be free-free support condition. The mathematical model is developed based on the eigenfunction expansion method to study the hydroelastic behaviour of a floating thick elastic plate at varying water depths, step thickness and plate sizes acted upon by ocean wave. The mode coupling relation is employed along with orthogonality relation and the continuity equations for velocity, pressure, deflection, bending moment, slope and shear force to determine the wave characteristics in reflection and transmission region due to variable bottom topography. The numerical computation is carried out to obtain the hydroelastic behaviour of floating elastic plate acted upon by ocean waves. Further, detail comparison of the numerical results is performed for different step bottom topography for the hydroelastic analysis of floating thick elastic plate. The present study will provide an insight into the effect of seabed profile due to the wave scattering from a large floating thick elastic plate at finite water depth.
The Effect of Transverse Injection Upstream of an Axisymmetric Aft Wall Angled Cavity in a Supersonic Flow Field
Authors: Assis Shan M , Jeyakumar S , Jayaraman K 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Experiments are performed in a supersonic non-reacting flow facility to investigate the performance of an axisymmetric aft wall angled cavity with upstream fuel injection in a Mach 1.8 flow field. The supersonic combustor has a circular cross sectional duct in which cavities are introduced at a distance of 20 mm from the inlet. The aft wall of the cavity is tapered towards flow downstream and inclined with two step consecutive angles. Flush wall mounted injector is mounted at the upstream of the cavity. The tests are conducted at three fuel injection pressures to simulate the flow field in the present study. The mixing performance of the aft wall angled cavities are analysed based on the momentum flux distribution at the exit of the combustor and the stagnation pressure loss across the combustor and compared with the rectangular cavity. Transverse upstream injection of aft wall angled cavities enhances mixing than rectangular cavities, deliberated with less stagnation pressure loss from the former. Increase in injection pressures resulted in more uniform mixing across the flow direction of the combustor irrespective of the cavity configuration, concurrently induces more stagnation pressure loss due to increase in jet penetration depth into the main stream.
A noble method for rapid prototyping of porous micromodels applicable to enhanced oil recovery
Authors: Haque N , Singh A , Saha U K 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
In this paper, a noble method for rapid prototyping of porous micromodel in Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) with good control over the pore geometry is described. An attempt has been made to demonstrate the making of PDMS micromodels using round hole perforated metal sheet as a master. The geometric shape of the micromodel in PDMS is the negative of the perforated sheet, which gives a section of cylindrical pillars separated by a uniform gap. After peeling off the PDMS from the porous plate, it is sealed with a glass plate to prepare the microfluidic porous channel. This protocol requires only materials that are commercially available, inexpensive and less time consuming. The size of the pores can be adjusted by selecting the perforated sheets having different hole size and thus micromodels with a variety of pore size distribution can be generated using this simple method. The optical visualization experiments were performed to test these fabricated micromodels for their applicability and reliability. Furthermore, Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) technique is used to get the velocity distribution along the porous section of the micromodel. Identical flow patterns were seen at the different section of the micromodel which again indicated the reliablility of these homogeneous micromodel fabricated by using this noble method. In addition, the velocity profiles are obtained near the throat region of the micromodel at three different flow rates.
Modeling of liquid-solid flow erosion in curved pipes of gradually varying cross section
Authors: Xijie Liu , Ainane Sami , Yit Fatt Yap 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Liquid-solid flow erosion in curved pipes of gradually varying cross section is investigated. The model consists of three components integrated: Fluid Transport to describe the flowing fluid via Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes equations with standard k-ε turbulence model, Particle Transport to describe the trajectories of the solid particles using Discrete Particle Modeling (DPM) and Particle Erosion to describe the erosion rate using Oka erosion model. The model is validated against experimental data for erosion in curved pipe of constant cross section. This study focuses at the geometrical effect of curved pipes, i.e. converging, constant cross section and diverging, on erosion. Both maximum erosion and locations where it occurs are identified. Results show that curved converging pipes suffer from high erosion rate concentrated especially in the outer wall of the curved section. Curved diverging pipes on the other hand has much lower erosion of erosion rate at least one order of magnitude lower compared against that of diverging pipes and concentrated on the side wall of the curved section. This very different erosion behavior is highlighted in the study.
Numerical Investigation of Flow Control past a Slotted Cylinder for Lower Critical Transitional regime
Authors: Pati Biswaranjan , Sharma Bishwajit , Nath Barman Rabindra 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The phenomenon of fluid flow past a bluff body can be ubiquitously perceived both in nature as well as a multitude of engineering applications. The pragmatic and real-world significance of this problem combined with its simple yet intricate physics has turned the heads of quite a few researchers in the past century. The present study deals with the numerical investigation of flow characteristics around a modified circular cylinder with a slit. The numerical simulations were performed with a finite volume-based solver at a Reynolds number (Re) = 2500 based on the cylinder diameter (D) and the centerline velocity at the inlet, which can be considered as the lower critical value for the dynamic shift from laminar to turbulent flow regime. The upstream and downstream stagnation points on the cylinder surface were connected by a slit. The slits implemented were parallel, converging, and diverging with respect to the direction of flow and amalgamated with one cylinder having no slit, a total of four cases were solved. The windward width of parallel and converging slits was 0.1D and the diverging slit being a mirror of the converging slit. The end-width ratio (Φ) of the converging and diverging slits was 1.5. The results indicated that incorporation of slits in the modified bluff body contributes to drag reduction by the creation of self-issuing jets which affect the wake vortex shedding process downstream of the cylinder. The parallel slit being the most efficacious one leads to the highest reduction of drag due to the formation of smaller sized vortices as compared to convergent or diverging slits in the wake region of the cylinder.
Numerical analysis of slotted aerospike for drag reduction
Authors: Manigandan S. , Sruthisree K N , Aich Kaushali , Gunasekar P. , Nithya S. , Devipriya J. , Venkatesh S. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
One of the important criteria for designing high speed vehicles is drag reduction and aerodynamic heating. There are plenty of methods available however finding an economical and simple method for drag and heat flux reduction is very challenging. In this paper, the forward facing aerospike for blunt-nosed bodies is introduced at supersonic and hypersonic Mach numbers and tested for drag reduction. Initially, the flow fields are studied around the blunt cone with and without aerospike. In addition, the different shapes and L/D ratios flying at supersonic Mach 2 are computed numerically. The computational simulations is carried out to solve the three-dimensional steady Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equation along with the k-ω turbulence model in computation solver. After comparing the flow properties around the various aerospike models, we have found that the flat aerodisk experiences a drastic pressure reduction on the blunt nose cone but it has relatively less heat flux reduction. Consequently, a slotted aerodisk modification design has been analysed which uses convection flow to reduce heat flux.
Green Machining: Studying the impact of viscosity of Green Cutting fluid on surface quality in straight turning
Authors: Katna Rahul , Suhaib M. , Agrawal Narayan , Singh Kanwarjeet , Jain Swati , Maji S. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Cutting fluids are the category of metalworking fluids which are used in metal machining operation. Application of cutting fluids eases metal removal and enhances the productivity of the industry. Cutting fluids have been used for many decades. Lately the industry is looking toward shifting to using biodegradable cutting fluids. In the last decade many researchers have found that cutting fluids derived from edible oils have a potential to be used in place of the mineral oil based products. However there has not been much reported literature on the surface chemistry of the cutting fluids and how they affect the machining outcomes. In this work experiment was done to study the way in which the viscosity of a non mineral oil based cutting fluid affects the surface roughness of the machining product and the interaction mechanism of cutting fluid with the surface is tried to be deduced from the outcome.
Numerical Simulation of Novel Nozzle Intake Manifold
Authors: Jain Samyak , Patil Ranjit S 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The design of automobile intake plays a vital role in the performance of the engine. Any abrupt change in the contour of the intake manifold affects the performance and emission characteristics of the engine. The objective for this research work is to study the flow through restrictor, plenum, and runner for a normally aspirated engine for motorsports application. Restrictor placed in the intake path to achieve the desired value of peak power and torque. In this study, a 20 mm restrictor is used before plenum and runner in compliance with FSAE competition rules conducted by SAE India. In the present study, two novel models of the intake manifold are considered with different plenum geometries. The geometries are modeled using SOLIDWORKS 2014. Meshing is done using ICEM CFD 15.0 and CFD simulations are done using ANSYS-Fluent 15.0. The K-epsilon (RNG) Model is used for simulation with scalable wall function. The two proposed novel intake manifolds were compared on the basis of static pressure, velocity magnitude, total pressure, and turbulence kinetic energy to decide the better model. The effect of the restricted path on the engine efficiency was also analyzed for the better intake manifold model.
Immersed boundary method for flow simulation around horizontal wind turbine
Authors: Jendoubi Aymen 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Accurate simulation of wind turbine wakes is critical for the optimization of turbine efficiency and prediction of fatigue loads. These wakes are three-dimensional, complex, unsteady and can evolve in geometrically complex environments. Modeling these flows calls thus for high-quality numerical methods that are able to capture and transport thin vortical structures on an unstructured grid. In this work, an immersed boundary (IB) method for solving fluid flow problems of aligned wind turbines under uniform inflow is shown. A finite element method is used starting from a base mesh which does not represent exactly the blade of the wind turbine (non body-conforming mesh). At each time step, the base mesh is locally modified to provide a new mesh fitting the boundary of the rotor blades. The mesh is also locally improved using edge swapping to enhance the quality of the elements and ensure high accuracy of simulation. The methodology is assessed on two different test cases and validated with experimental results.
Modeling of a pre-stretched dielectric elastomer : A second law of thermodynamics-based approach
Authors: Kumar Deepak , Arya Kriti , Sarangi Somnath 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Research in smart materials, which have fluid-like properties is playing an increasingly dominant role in the fields of aerodynamics as well as in the fluid power systems. Dielectric elastomers are the smart materials, that demonstrate the deformation behavior similar to the smart solids as well as the fluids depending on the environmental conditions. This necessitates a smart deformation approach, which may analyze the deformation of the continua, accurately. In the present paper, we report an alternative modeling method for the deformation of a continua within the framework of the second law of thermodynamics. We adopt a unified continuum mechanics approach to model the deformation of a pre-stretched dielectric elastomer with an application of the electric field. An analytical electromechanical instability model is formulated for a pre-stretched dielectric elastomer through the standard Neo-Hookean, Mooney-Rivlin, and Gent types of energy density functions. A qualitative comparison between these energy density functions is also presented based on the electromechanical instability of a pre-stretched dielectric elastomer. It is shown based on the obtained results that Gent energy density function shows the instability phenomenon with the chain stiffening effect, and the pre-stretching effect may improve the electromechanical instability of the dielectric elastomers.
Computational Fluid Dynamic Analysis on Green Building Materials
Authors: Addepalli Pranay , Vincent S. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Energy saving is a necessary aspect in today’s global progression. In the present investigation, the green materials for houses are taken and assessed on the usability in the desert conditions of the United Arab Emirates(U.A.E.) Major parameters such as resistance to solar radiation, weathering according to the local conditions plays a vital role in selecting materials. All the selected materials strictly fall within the local and international green ratings. This is then infused into a home design and the comparison is done in this house on Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) analysis showing the difference in temperatures and wind profiles. Results have been done for 100 cycles of fluid flow and the energy consumption has been done. This study gives insights on the importance of using green materials in design and construction.
Numerical and experimental investigation of melting process in spherical pcm capsule used for low-temperature thermal energy storage systems
Authors: Srinivasan P , Patil Kedar 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The present work deals with the experimental and numerical investigation of melting process of phase change material used for low temperature thermal energy storage applications. Thermal energy storage is a good solution to bridge the gap between energy supply and energy demand. The unconstrained melting of paraffin wax having melting range of 570C to 610C was studied in simple spherical glass capsule. The objective of the subject work is to perform the experimental and numerical analysis of melting process in spherical capsule subjected to constant wall temperature. Ansys Fluent 18 is used for computation purpose. In experimental analysis, melting process was observed through visual capturing of interface between solid and liquid. Melting fraction and temperature at the centre of PCM capsule are monitored both experimentally and numerically. Good consistency in results were observed.
Investigation on the effect of compression ratio on the performance and emission characteristics of pongamia biodiesel diesel blends in CI engine using response surface methodology
Authors: Nagesh S N 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The present work focusses on the interactive effect of variables such as compression ratio, blend and loading conditions on the performance and emission characteristics of biodiesel in diesel engine. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) based on the factorial design of 3n is used to design the experiments. The experiments are conducted on single cylinder, water cooled CI engine according to the design matrix and results are tabulated. Mathematical models are developed to study the interactive effect of performance parameters such as Brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC), Brake thermal efficiency (BTE) and emission parameters such as carbon monoxide (CO), unburnt hydro carbon (UHC) using regression methodology. Optimization of the problem is formulated using desirability approach to get better performance and lower CO, UHC emissions. Statistical analysis revealed the optimum combination for the blend B60, CR-18 and load 42% is considered for the pongamia biodiesel-diesel blends.
Bio-oil production from a lignocellulosic biomass and its fuel characteristics
Authors: Kawale Harshal D. , Kishore Nanda 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
A wide research is going on in the field of renewable energy resources to shelter the scarcity of conventional fossil fuels. As we look back, from the beginning of Earths formation, a tremendous amount of the energy stored inside the earth. Until the start of 19th century man was unaware of this treasure and used lignocellulosic biomass / wood biomass as an energy source of which people unaware of its true potential. But, as fossil fuel sources were discovered, the excavation started to meet the energy demand which obviously replaced the biomass. Then from the petroleum crude oil, petrochemicals took birth and the industrial revolution changed the prospective of entire world. Now, in this first quarter of the 21st century when the population is gigantic and demand for energy sources has increased to the enormous level, fossil fuels are being consumed like never before and now they are diminishing with very fast rate leading towards the energy crisis. So, to overcome this problem; need for the replacements, blends of fossil fuels arises and as a result we are going back in time to utilize another huge source of energy i.e. Biomass. Lignocellulosic biomass can be thermally converted into biofuels by various technologies. One of such most effective and lucrative technology is pyrolysis. Pyrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass convert it into bio-oil, bio-char and pyrolysis gas, these all have high energy content and potential in them. In this deliberated work, authors conducted a pyrolysis experiment on a lignocellulosic biomass which is available as a solid waste on long and far terrestrial region though barely investigated. Temperature of the reaction was set at 500 ºC at which the bio-oil resulted its highest heating value of 17.093 MJ/kg and that of bio-char is 30.768 MJ/kg. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) showed number of functional groups present and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (GCMS) resulted in huge number of chemical compounds present in the biooil. Then we studied flow behaviour of bio-oil by Interfacial Rheometer and it demonstrated Shear-thinning behaviour. Thus, the study reveals fuel potential of untouched biomass in terms of bio-oil and its transport phenomenon.
Performance and emissions characteristics of a variable compression ratio engine operated on dual fuel mode using diesel and biodiesel with additives
Authors: Sundar K , Udayakumar R 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The world today is mainly dependent upon non renewable fuel sources for power generation. This research work focus on the impact of additives for biodiesel, to reduce the emissions and retrieve the performance. The fuel additives play a vital role in decreasing the limitation of biodiesel, would be considered to decrease the emissions, improve combustion and fuel economy. Experiment are operated on single-cylinder, four-stroke, variable compression ratio and compression ignition engine. Tests are conducted with diesel, biodiesel, diethyl ether mixed with biodiesel and toluene mixed with biodiesel, and also at various percentages (1%, 2.5% and 5.0%) of additives by volume. The performance and emissions data’s are obtained from experimentation were studied and a detailed analysis was carried out for each of the blends by comparing with diesel and biodiesel blend B20. The diethyl ether and toluene additives blends showed a simultaneous decrease in CO, CO2, HC and NOx. These additives were improved at higher engine brake power, lower specific fuel consumption and higher brake thermal efficiency than biodiesel blend B20. The result reveals that the 5% of DEE-biodiesel blend and 5% of toluene-biodiesel blend is the most effective combination with biodiesel.
Cotton Seed Oil and Rice Bran Oil as a Source of Biodiesel in India
Authors: Sundar K , Udayakumar R , Periasamy C. , Khurana Shashank 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Energy consumption is increased due to urbanization and developing population. At the same moment society is aware of the decreasing fossil fuel and increasing environmental pollution. Biodiesel is the suitable option to meet future energy demand and improve the domestic economy. Developed countries are using edible oils and the edible oils, which are used, are not sufficient to produce the biodiesel. Non edible oils can be examined as a hopeful replacement for conventional edible oil for biodiesel production. But the edible oil cost is high to be used as fuel. Non edible oil is the right solution to overcome all problems related to the edible oils. There are various plant seeds remain unutilized; these seeds have shown their own potentiality. Due to harmful factors in non-edible oils it is unacceptable for human food. In developing countries non edible oil plants are grown easily. Biodiesel originated from the non-edible plant, is more feasible compared to the alternative fossil fuel. Production of biodiesel using cottonseed oil and rice bran oil appears to be a suitable substitute. The current research paper is aim to review the potentiality of the cotton seed oil and the rice bran oil in production of biodiesel in India.