bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Image-Defined Risk Factors Efficacy on Neuroblastoma Surgical Resectability
Authors: Hemdan Mona Hamdto Mahmoud , Mohammad Shaimaa Abdelsattar , Ahmed Khaled Aboualfotouh , Ali Ali Hagag 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Neuroblastoma (NB) is one of the most prevalent extracranial solid cancers in children that commonly occur in the adrenal glands (49%). Thus, monitoring the diagnosis, staging, treatment planning, response evaluation, and updating and discovering new International Neuroblastoma Risk Groups (INRGs) is an important method to facilitate the treatment process.

Patients and Methods
The clinical, radiological, pathological, and surgical data of 30 neuroblastoma patients were analyzed, preoperative image-defined risk factors (IDRFs) were present in 23 cases with the most two frequent IDRFs were encasement of aorta then invasion of the renal pedicles.

Results
The statistical analysis data represented 30 cases showed that there was significant correlation with preoperative IDRFs and the type of surgery as well as significant correlation between IDRF and primary tumor location. The results affirm that IDRFs remain a useful prognostic tool for neuroblastoma patients both for short and long-term outcomes.

Conclusion
Hence, the efficiency of using the image defined risk factor was predictable of surgical resectability and complication.
Role of Diffusion Weighted Imaging with Background Body Signal Suppression (DWIBS) in Evaluation of Breast Masses and Correlation with Histopathological Findings
Authors: Deif Allah Naglaa Sabry El-Sawy , Abdallah Randa Hossein , Hassan Mohammed Sobhi , Ibrahim Suzan Farouk 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Dynamic contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) is an important tool in breast imaging. Yet, it has two major limitations which are represented by its specificity and the use of contrast material. Diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) provides important functional information without the need for contrast material. A newly introduced Diffusion weighted imaging with back-ground suppression (DWIBS) sequence is an accurate and rapid tool for the identification and characterization of breast lesions, with its short examination time, high lesion-to-background contrast, and lack of need for intravenous contrast agents.

Objective
To assess the role of DWIBS sequence for evaluating breast masses and to compare DWIBS results with DCE-MRI in correlation with histopathological findings for intermediate, suspicious and malignant imaging results.

Methods
The study was conducted during the period from December 2020 t& January 2023. Thirty five patients were included in the study, referred from Ain Shams university hospitals sonomammography clinic to Ain Shams university hospitals MRI unit for further MRI assessment of breast masses (BIRADS 3, BIRADS 4& BIRADS 5), probably benign, suspicious and malignant- lesions on sonomammography imaging results. MRI breast protocol which included DCE-MRI and DWIBS sequences were obtained for characterization and were verified by core needle biopsy or excisional biopsy. The results were statistically analyzed. Sensitivity, specificity, diagnostic accuracy (DA), positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) were calculated for DCE-MRI and DWIBS. Apparent diffusion co-efficient (ADC) values were calculated with ADC &lt;1.2 x 10-3 mm2/s were considered suspicious for malignancy. The results were then compared with the histological findings.

Results
35 female patients had 39 breast masses included in our study. By DCE-MRI, 8 (20.5%) of masses were categorized as benign and 31(79.5%) of masses were categorized as malignant. By DWIBS sequence, 7 (17.9%) of masses were categorized as benign and 32 (82.1%) of masses were categorized as malignant. By histopathology, 14 (35.9%) of masses were benign and 25 (64.1%) were malignant. DCE-MRI obtained accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV values of 84.6, 100, 57.1, 80.6, 100 %, respectively. DWIBS sequences obtained accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV values of 82.1, 100, 50, 78.1, 100 %, respectively.

Conclusions
DWIBS can be added to DCE breast MRI, to improve DCE-MRI sensitivity and specificity. It can as well be used instead of DCE -MRI sequences in certain circumstances as in cases of renal impairment, but with some limitations as DWIBS cannot assess the extent of the malignant process.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Analysis of The Relationship Between Intercondylar Notch Angle and Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury
Authors: Atwa Nourhan Mamdouh Abdelghafar , Nassef Mohamed Amin , Wahby Hemada Tarek 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
The most damaged ligament resulted from knee joint injury is the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), representing 50% of all knee injuries, However, the etiology of ACL tears is not com-pletely clear. Some studies showed morphological predispositions such as narrow intercondylar notch dimensions, Identifying anatomical factors that may predispose to ACL injuries could help to control the extrinsic risk factors to reduce the risk of injury.

Aim of the Work
to identify the associations between intercondylar notch angle and ACL injury and thus clarify its role in ACL injury. In this study, the angle formed by the femoral axis and Blumensaat line was defined as the intercondylar notch angle (INA). Our study was done retrospectively and included 30 case with acute ACL injury and 30 controls with intact ACL.

Patients and Methods
This study is a case control Study, the study was conducted at Ain Shams University Hospitals at Radiology department and the main source of data for this study was the retrospectively conducted scans and clinical history of the patients referred to the MRI section of the department of Radiology, Ain Shams University Hospitals.

Results
The INA (intercondylar notch angle) measurement was significantly different between the two groups (t = -5.530, p &lt; 0.001). The case group had a higher mean INA (40.23±3.61) than the control group (34.93±3.81). The cutoff point was &gt;38 with a sensitivity of 66.67%, specificity of 90%, positive predictive value (PPV) of 87%, and negative predictive value (NPV) of 73%. The INWI (intercondylar notch width index) measurement was significantly different between the two groups (t = 3.218, p = 0.002). The case group had a lower mean INWI (0.29±0.02) than the control group (0.31±0.02). The cutoff point was ≤0.314 with a sensitivity of 86.67%, specificity of 46.67%, PPV of 61.9%, and NPV of 77.8%. The INW (intercondylar notch width) measurement was not significantly different between the two groups (t = 1.747, p = 0.086) and The TCW (total condylar width) measurement was not significantly different between the two groups (t = -1.313, p = 0.195)

Conclusion
A narrow intercondylar notch (intercondylar notch index) &lt; 0,31 and a large INA &gt; 38 are risk factors in predicting the likelihood for ACL injury. The INA might be the factor with the strongest prediction for ACL injury.
Comparison between Magnetic Resonance Elastography and Diffusion-Weighted Imaging in Differentiation of Benign and Malignant Hepatic Focal Lesions
Authors: Elgayed Abd Allah Rana Sami Abd , El Fiky Sahar Mohamed , Ali Nagi Mona Ali Mohamed , Hassan Ayman Hassan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
With the widespread use of cross-sectional imaging techniques, the detection of focal liver lesions (FLLs) has become increasingly common. Many FLLs are incidental, and characterization with imaging is an effective means to reduce the need for invasive biopsies for histological confirmation.

Objective
To compare between MRE and diffusion–weighted imaging for differentiating benign and malignant hepatic focal lesions.

Methods
This Prospective study was conducte at department of Radiodiagnosis of National Hepatology and Tropical Medicine Research Institute “NHTMRI” in Cairo, Egypt, on 50 patients.

Results
Our study results revealed that in the comparison between diffusion and MRE to detect malignant lesions, the sensitivity and specificity of diffusion was 100% and 40.9% respectively, but for MRE was 89.3% and 100%, Also showed that MRE is significantly superior to DWI for distinguishing between malignant and benign FLLs, with 89% sensitivity, 100% specificity, and accuracy for MRE. Among all FLLs. the most frequent focal lesion HCC by 48.0% followed by hemangioma and inflammatory lesions by 26% & 12% respectively.

Conclusion
MRE provides a non-invasive quantitative parameter that may be useful for differentiating common benign and malignant FLLs. MRE performed better than DWI, and shows great promise as a non-invasive alternative to biopsy for the differentiation of benign and malignant FLLs and demonstrates additive value to conventional imaging. However, there is opportunity for further enhancement of the technique, particularly with regard to optimization of image quality and evaluation of smaller FLLs.
Imaging Finding in Different Molecular Cancer Breast Sub Types, A Cross Section Study
Authors: EL Hik Wael A Maher , Fahmy Marwa Ibrahim M , Gamal Noha M , Aly Shehata Khaled A 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
List of Abbreviations:
HER2 : human epidermal growth factor receptor 2.
HER2+/HER+ : Enriched (over expression) human epidermal growth factor receptor 2.
TNBC: Triple Negative breast cancer.
UOQ: Upper outer Quadrant.
UIQ : Upper Inner Quadrant.
CEM: Contrast enhanced Mammography.
CC: Cranio-Caudal breast View.
MLO: Mediolateral oblique View.
Role of Ultrasound in the Assessment of Pediatric Non Traumatic Gastrointestinal Emergencies
Authors: Elfeky Yomna Adel Mohamed , Elhameed Abeer Maghawry Abd , Yacoub George Ezzat Elkess 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Ultrasound has become an important diagnostic imaging modality in the evaluation of the gastrointestinal tract of children adding a new perspective to the imaging of this body system. US observes gastrointestinal dynamics without exposure to ionizing radiation and allows detailed visualization of the mural layers of the bowel wall. Since children are unable to give reliable history, evaluation and establishing the correct diagnosis is challenging.

Objectives
To assess the role of Ultrasonography and its diagnostic efficacy in the evaluation of pediatric non-traumatic gastrointestinal emergencies.

Patients and Methods
A cross-sectional study of 64 pediatric patients presented with non- traumatic gastrointestinal emergencies.

Results
64 patients were included in this study. 25 patients had acute appendicitis, 7 patients had complicated appendicitis, 23 patients had intussusception, 6 patients had hypertrophic pyloric stenosis and 3 patients had malrotation. Ultrasound sensitivity in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis was (90.6%), 22 out of 25 patients with acute appendicitis were correctly diagnosed by US. In the 3 other cases, US was negative for appendicitis which was confirmed by surgery. US sensitivity in the diagnosis of complicated appendicitis was (100%). As well as in the patients who had intussusception, hypertrophic pyloric stenosis and intestinal malrotation, US showed markedly high sensitivity reaching (100%). Establishing that Ultrasound has high diagnostic efficacy in assessing gastrointestinal emergencies as accuracy in diagnosing appendicitis was (90.6%) and accuracy in diagnosing intussusception, hypertrophic pyloric stenosis and intestinal malrotation was (100%).

Conclusions
Ultrasound is sufficient for the diagnosis of several gastrointestinal diseases that cause acute abdominal pain in pediatric patients helping to an accurate patient management in the emergency settings. Therefore, it is rapidly becoming an important imaging modality for the evaluation of acute abdominal pain, where satisfactory examination is often not achievable for the attending clinicians. Pediatric GIT non traumatic emergency conditions discussed are: Appendicitis, intussusception, hypertrophic pyloric stenosis and malrotation.
Validation of Methotrexate Intolerance Severity Score (MISS) Questionnaire to Measure Methotrexate Intolerance among Rheumatoid Arthritis Egyptian Patients
Authors: Tawfik Kabil Hagar Ahmed , Sherif Nahed Mounir , Eldin Elhossiny Mona Gamal , Nassif Mary Atef 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic, autoimmune inflammatory disease whose manifestations occur in synovial joints and in different organs and systems, causing chronic pain, bone erosion and progressive disability. Methotrexate (MTX) is the most important disease modifying antirheumatic drug in the treatment of RA.

Objective
To validate MISS questionnaire in Egyptian RA patients as a tool for early detection of MTX intolerance and change of treatment at an early stage to prevent disease progression.

Patients and Methods
This study is a Cross Sectional Study Settled in Physical Medicine, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation (PRR) outpatient clinic of Ain Shams University hospital. The Arabic MISS was used in this survey. Statistical analyses were performed to understand associations between different MTX-intolerant and MTX-tolerant patients.

Results
A total of 80 patients were involved in this study. Of those, 67 (83.8%) were females with a mean disease duration of 6.9 ± 6.1 years. Intolerant patients had a higher patient global assessment (P = 0.036), Disease activity score 28 (P=.000) and Health assessment questionnaire score (P = 0.007) compared to those in tolerant patients. MISS questionnaire helps us to detect early MTX intolerance and actually we found high prevalence in Egyptian RA patients as MTX intolerance was observed in 48 (60%) patients, our finding revealed that behavioral intolerance is the predominant factor that directs MTX intolerance. In our study, the reliability of MISS questionnaire is measured by Cronbach’s alpha coefficient and it is 0.809 suggesting a good internal consistency of the survey items.

Conclusion
MISS questionnaire has good predictive ability to detect MTX intolerance.it gives great importance to anticipatory and associative symptoms. MTX intolerance is common; present in more than half of RA patients. Behavioral component is the main driver of intolerance.
Women’s Strategies to Cope with Harassment in Za’atari Camp and the Role of Humanitarian Reporting Mechanisms
Authors: Alhalawani Sarah , Al-Serhan Amani 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The refugee experience is frequently marred by pervasive gender-based violence, particularly harassment, in refugee camps. Women, disproportionately affected due to entrenched gender biases, often suffer in silence due to societal stigma. In Za’atari Camp in Jordan, women face various forms of sexual and gender-based violence (SGBV), notably verbal harassment, exacerbating their plight amidst a culture of victim-blaming. While humanitarian efforts have made strides, challenges persist in reporting and adopting sensitive response mechanisms. This study aims to evaluate gaps in protection plans, response procedures, and reporting at Za’atari Camp, analysing coping mechanisms and resistance behaviours of women facing harassment. With 409 survey responses, findings reveal enduring verbal harassment and reporting barriers fuelled by fear of repercussions and survivor blaming. Addressing these challenges is crucial for the effective implementation of humanitarian policies and standard operating procedures, necessitating collective action to create a supportive environment for all women in the camp.
Evolution of a novel engineered tripartite viral genome of a torradovirus
Authors: Turina Massimo , Nerva Luca , Vallino Marta , Miotti Niccolò , Forgia Marco , Ciuffo Marina , Falk Bryce W , Ferriol Inmaculada 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Viruses in the Secoviridae include monopartite and bipartite genomes, suggesting the possibility to study members of this family to experimentally address evolutionary transitions resulting in multipartitism. Torradoviruses are bipartite members of the family Secoviridae characterized by a genus-specific 5ʹ open reading frame, named P21, encoded by RNA2. Here, in a study originally intended to verify if P21 can function in trans, we attempted to provide P21 from a third P21-expressing construct under control of the 35S promoter and containing the 5ʹ- and 3ʹ-untranslated regions (UTRs) of wild-type (WT) RNA2. When this construct was combined with an RNA2 with a complete deletion of the P21 coding region we verified that the P21 provided in trans cannot immediately complement the mutant, but occasional systemic infections in a limited number of the inoculated plants display the presence of a tripartite virus with an actively replicating P21-expressing RNA3. Furthermore, in all the systemically infected plants investigated in six distinct experiments, this replicating RNA3 accumulates deletions in a small region inside the original 3ʹ-UTR provided by the cDNA clone. Such tripartite virus, which we obtained through deconstructing the coding potential of the RNA2 in two distinct RNAs, can be transmitted mechanically and by whiteflies, is competent for virion formation, and its RNA3 is encapsidated. It can be mechanically transferred for 11 serial passages without losing its infectivity or showing major genomic rearrangements. Furthermore, mixing equal amounts of WT and tripartite virus inocula in the same leaf resulted in plants systemically infected only with the WT virus, showing that the tripartite virus has lower fitness than the WT. To our knowledge, this is the first example of an engineered tripartite viral genome becoming stable through artificial evolution in vivo, in plants. This tripartite system was also used to derive a stable viral vector to express green fluorescence protein (GFP) systemically in the context of viral infection.
Endogenous viral elements: insights into data availability and accessibility
Authors: Ritsch Muriel , Brait Nadja , Harvey Erin , Marz Manja , Lequime Sebastian 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Endogenous viral elements (EVEs) are remnants of viral genetic material endogenized into the host genome. They have, in the last decades, attracted attention for their role as potential contributors to pathogenesis, drivers of selective advantage for the host, and genomic remnants of ancient viruses. EVEs have a nuanced and complex influence on both host health and evolution, and can offer insights on the deep evolutionary history of viruses. As an emerging field of research, several factors limit a comprehensive understanding of EVEs: they are currently underestimated and periodically overlooked in studies of the host genome, transcriptome, and virome. The absence of standardized guidelines for ensuring EVE-related data availability and accessibility following the FAIR (‘findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable’) principles obstructs our ability to gather and connect information. Here, we discuss challenges to the availability and accessibility of EVE-related data and propose potential solutions. We identified the biological and research focus imbalance between different types of EVEs, and their overall biological complexity as genomic loci with viral ancestry, as potential challenges that can be addressed with the development of a user-oriented identification tool. In addition, reports of EVE identification are scattered between different subfields under different keywords, and EVE sequences and associated data are not properly gathered in databases. While developing an open and dedicated database might be ideal, targeted improvements of generalist databases might provide a pragmatic solution to EVE data and metadata accessibility. The implementation of these solutions, as well as the collective effort by the EVE scientific community in discussing and setting guidelines, is now drastically needed to lead the development of EVE research and offer insights into host–virus interactions and their evolutionary history.
Inclusivity: Educational Experiences of Registered Nurses With Physical Disabilities
Authors: Mantlow Kimberly D. , Sullivan-Bolyai Susan , McGuire Anthony W. , Morris Nancy S. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

AIM
The aim of the study was to describe registered nurses’ prelicensure educational experience as nursing students with physical disabilities.

BACKGROUND
Social and academic support help establish connections with the educational environment, but efforts to engage students with disabilities are inconsistent. Faculty support beyond required accommodations facilitates a sense of empowerment. Communities in academic settings for minority groups significantly increase the likelihood of academic success due to information-related social capital and social support.

METHOD
A qualitative descriptive design with semistructured interviews of 16 individuals with 14 different physical disabilities was used for this study. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis.

RESULTS
Four themes emerged: 1) I saved my energy for learning; 2) I was determined; 3) wanting to find my people; and 4) secrets, living a double life, with subtheme fear of judgment.

CONCLUSION
Identification of factors related to inclusion within the academic environment provides insight for improving the experiences of prelicensure nursing students with physical disabilities.
Treatment of 50 Acute and Chronic Wounds of Multiple Etiologies: A Case Series Looking at Outcomes and Utility of an Extended-Wear Transforming Powder Dressing
Authors: Cimaroli Sawyer , Lozada Danilo , Daniels James , Gillette Brian , Gorenstein Scott 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT
Increasing healthcare costs, limited healthcare resources, an aging population, and lifestyle-related diseases make wound management a growing clinical, social, and economic burden. This case series investigated the use of a novel, biocompatible, polymer-based transforming powder dressing (TPD) that transforms in situ to a shape-retentive wound matrix upon hydration for treating wounds of various etiologies.
In this institutional review board-approved single-center retrospective case series, the researchers evaluated various acute and chronic wounds treated with TPD over a period of 2 years. Wounds were followed from the first TPD application up to 1 month after the last TPD application or until the wound healed or the patient was lost to follow-up, whichever came first. The researchers evaluated wound etiology, location, number of applications, change in wound surface area, and comorbidities.
The researchers identified 50 patients who were treated with TPD and had at least one follow-up visit during the retrospective study period. The majority of wounds treated with TPD were venous leg ulcers (n = 27) followed by traumatic wounds (n = 11) and skin tears (n = 7). Normal rates of wound healing (>10% per week) were observed in the majority of patients (36/50, 72%) over their duration of treatment. Complete healing during the study period was observed in 43% of venous leg ulcers, 55% of traumatic wounds, 71% of skin tears, and 80% of other wound types. No adverse effects of TPD administration were observed. Treatment with TPD resulted in significant reductions in wound area of nearly all wounds, regardless of etiology.