bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
GENETICS IDENTIFICATION OF SEA HOLLY (Acanthus ilicifolius) THROUGH DNA BARCODING FROM COASTAL CILACAP, CENTRAL JAVA, INDONESIA
Authors: Harisam Taufan , Haryono Florencius Eko Dwi , Marhaeni Bintang , Amron Amron , Prayogo Norman Arie , Sukardi Purnama 
Published: August 2019

Sea holly (Acanthus ilicifolius) is an important true mangrove species commonly growing on wetlands at the river mouths and coastal areas. Very limited information is available on the molecular taxonomy of sea holly growing along the coasts of Cilacap, Central Java, Indonesia. The present study aimed to identify the sea holly in coastal Cilacap and to produce a reference library on the molecular characteristics of the species. The recently recorded species were utilized for the barcoding investigation. Genetic identification was evaluated through the rbcL and matK gene. Young leaf samples of A. ilicifolius were collected for DNA extraction, isolation and amplification using the rbcL and matK primer. The length of rbcL gene was 608 bp, and the matK gene was 970 bp.The evolutionary history was build using the Neighbor-Joining Method. The barcode sequences rbcL and matK were analyzed using BLAST and MULTALIN. The sequences were also submitted to NCBI.Â Genus Acanthus (Acanthaceae) and other genera were clustered in the same clade with high bootstrap value. The results indicated that locus of rbcL and matK gene cannot be used for species differentiation in Acanthus, however, these genes can be used for distinguishing the genus level within Acanthaceae.
STEMFLOW, THROUGHFALL AND RAINWATER INTERCEPTION OF EIGHT INDONESIAN TREE SPECIES
Authors: Sofiah Siti , Soejono Soejono 
Published: August 2019

Tree architecture affects how rainwater is partitioned into canopy interception, throughfall and stemflow. The canopy shape and bark/leaf surface morphology affects the plantsâ€™ ability to intercept and redistribute the rainwater. Hence, the tree structure plays a key role in soil and water conservation, especially in erosion runoff. This research was conducted to predict the most suitable tree species for soil and water conservation, and recorded 32 rainfall events during the rainy season in January 2014-March 2015 in Purwodadi-LIPI, Indonesia. The stemflow, throughfall, individual tree architectural characteristics, and leaf morphology were measured for eight selected local tree species namely: Sterculia cordata, Aleurites moluccanus, Buchanania arborescens, Calophyllum inophyllum, Dysoxylum gaudichaudianum, Peltophorum pterocarpum, Alstonia scholaris, and Pometia pinnata. The species which held the greatest amount of interception was Aleurites moluccanus at 68.1% of rainfall. Special characteristics of the leaves (like fine hairs), globose stem and long, grooved bark, probably resulted in an Â increased relative interception of the rain water that was higher than those of other trees. The throughfall and stemflow for each species were closely related to rainfall amount but not related to rainfall intensity.Â
Anisotropia de susceptibilidade magnética do plúton Serra da Caiçara, Batólito Águas Belas-Canindé Alagoas, Nordeste do Brasil
Authors: Neves Charles Henrique Fernandes Sales das , Ferreira Valderez Pinto , Neves Sergio Pacheco , Correia Paulo De Barros 
Published: August 2019

O método de anisotropia de susceptibilidade magnética (ASM) foi aplicado no plúton Serra da Caiçara, que faz parte do batólito Águas Belas-Canindé, Domínio Pernambuco-Alagoas, Província Borborema, Nordeste do Brasil. O plúton tem altos valores de susceptibilidade magnética (K) (90% dos valores acima de 5 × 10-3 SI), típicas da série magnetita granitos. O grau de anisotropia (P) varia de 1.025 a 1.320. Os maiores valores de P estão associados às bordas do corpo e possuem correlação positiva com K. O plúton apresenta trama mista, levemente mais oblata, com valores de T entre -0,822 e 0,823. Em geral, as atitudes das foliações e lineações magnéticas são bastante uniformes. As foliações magnéticas têm duas direções preferenciais: NW-SE (dominante, geralmente mergulhando para SW) e NNE-SSW, com mergulho mais variado (geralmente associada aos altos valores de P). As lineações majoritariamente apresentam sentido de caimento SE ou SW. A foliação e a lineação da fácies hornblenda quartzo sienito têm mergulho e caimento moderado, sugerindo se tratar de um corpo tabular, intrusivo concordantemente à foliação regional. A fácies hornblenda quartzo álcali-feldspato sienito (centro do corpo) constitui uma intrusão discordante, com fluxo de SW para NE e mudança de trend para NW. Os dados sugerem que o plúton intrude aproveitando a foliação regional, formada durante a fase de convergência da orogênese Brasiliana. Durante a fase final de cristalização, o plúton foi afetado pela fase transcorrente da tectônica Brasiliana, atuando principalmente nas bordas do corpo e condicionando as foliações e lineações NE-SW.
Door-in-Door-Out Time of 60 Minutes for Stroke With Emergent Large Vessel Occlusion at a Primary Stroke Center
Authors: Choi Philip M.C. , Tsoi Andrew H. , Pope Alun L. , Leung Shelton , Frost Tanya , Loh Poh-Sien , Chandra Ronil V. , Ma Henry , Parsons Mark , Mitchell Peter , Dewey Helen M. 
Published: August 2019

Background and Purpose—
Rapid reperfusion with mechanical thrombectomy in ischemic strokes with emergent large vessel occlusions leads to significant reduction in morbidity and mortality. The door-in-door-out (DIDO) time is an important metric for stroke centers without an on-site mechanical thrombectomy service. We report the outcome of a continuous quality improvement program to improve the DIDO time since 2015.

Methods—
Retrospective analysis of consecutive patients transferred out from a metropolitan primary stroke center for consideration of mechanical thrombectomy between January 1, 2015, and October 31, 2018. Clinical records were interrogated for eligible patients with DIDO times and reasons for treatment delays extracted.

Results—
One hundred thirty-three patients were transferred over the 46-month period. Median DIDO time reduced by 14% per year, from 111 minutes interquartile range (IQR, 98– 142) in 2015 to 67 minutes (IQR, 55–94) in 2018. A median DIDO time of 59 minutes (IQR, 51–80) was achieved in 2018 during working hours (0800–1700 hours). Overall, 65 patients had no documented delays (49%) with a median DIDO time of 75 minutes (IQR, 54–93) and 103 minutes (IQR, 75–143) in those with at least one delay factor documented.

Conclusions—
A median DIDO time of <60 minutes can be achieved in a primary stroke center.
The PI3K-Akt-HIF-1α Pathway Reducing Nasal Airway Inflammation and Remodeling in Nasal Polyposis
Authors: He Fei , Liu Huaigang , Luo Wei 
Published: August 2019

Objective: Previous studies suggested that hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) plays an important role in the progression of inflammation and remodeling of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis. However, the molecule mechanisms of HIF-1α activation and regulation of cytokine expressions, such as interleukin (IL) 25 and IL-17RB, in nasal polyposis are not clear. Method: The IL-25 and IL-17RB levels in human nasal epithelial cells after stimulation by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method, and the proteins of HIF-1α and p-Akt were detected by Western blot method. Moreover, we evaluated the cytokine levels in the nasal mucosa of a murine model of nasal polyposis. Results: The levels of IL-25 and IL-17RB showed dose- and time-dependent release in response to LPS stimulation. The proteins of HIF-1α and p-Akt were both increased significantly after LPS stimulation. After inhibition of PI3K/Akt pathway by PI3K inhibitor LY294002, the levels of IL-25 and IL-17RB and HIF-1α were decreased by LPS stimulation. Conclusions: Inhibition of PI3K or HIF-1α pathway could significantly reduce growth factor production and decrease nasal inflammation. The HIF-1α pathway could be a novel therapeutic approach for reducing nasal airway inflammation and remodeling in nasal polyposis.
Association between food insecurity, cardiorenal syndrome and all-cause mortality among low-income adults
Authors: Banerjee Srikanta , Radak Timothy 
Published: August 2019

Background: Food insecurity is known to be a major public health issue. There is limited data on food insecurity and chronic disease in the general population. Aim: We aimed to assess effect of food insecurity on mortality of individuals with chronic disease like cardiorenal syndrome (CRS). Methods: The study was conducted on participants aged 20 years or older in the United States living below the 130% Federal Poverty Level. We assessed food insecurity utilizing the Household Food Security Survey Module in NHANES survey for the years 1999 to 2010 with mortality follow-up. Prospective analysis was performed using complex samples Cox regression with adjustment for known confounders to determine the relationship of food insecurity and CRS. Results: Prevalence of food insecurity among the low-income population was 16.1% among males and 21.7% among females. The mean follow-up was 6.5 years. For all-cause mortality, the overall unadjusted hazard ratio (HR) of food insecurity to no food insecurity was 1.28 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.18–1.37, p < 0.001). Adjusted HR was elevated, 2.81 (CI 1.57–5.05, p < 0.001), among participants who were CRS-positive and food insecure but closer to 1.0 (2.48 CI 1.73–3.55, p < 0.001) among those who were CRS-positive and food secure, after controlling for medical and demographic risk factors. Conclusions: Food insecurity is associated with higher mortality than food security. Food insecurity also may modify the effect of CRS on all-cause mortality in a representative general population. Social policy, when addressing food insecurity, should be inclusive among those with specific chronic diseases.
Endosonographic evaluation of the mediastinum through the i-gel O2 supraglottic airway device
Authors: Piccioni Federico , Codazzi Daniela , Paleari Maria C. , Previtali Paola , Delconte Gabriele , Fumagalli Luca , Manzi Renato , Faustini Marco , Persiani Laura , Rizzi Maurilia , Sodi Federico , Masci Enzo 
Published: August 2019

Introduction: Endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) is an endoscopic diagnostic procedure combining flexible fibrobronchoscopy with ultrasound techniques; it allows transbronchial needle aspiration biopsy for the diagnosis and staging of mediastinal masses. We present our preliminary experience with the use of the i-gel O2 supraglottic airway device for management of EBUS procedures. Methods: An observational study on 39 patients who underwent EBUS under general anesthesia was performed. Airways were managed with i-gel O2 by anesthesiologists unfamiliar with it. Data collected included patient characteristics, i-gel O2 positioning, mechanical ventilation, procedure, and complications occurring during and after the EBUS. Results: The i-gel airway was successfully positioned during the first attempt in 34/39 cases (87.2%). No failed positioning was recorded. The EBUS scope easily passed through the i-gel in all patients and in 14 (35.6%) cases it was also inserted through the esophagus allowing the examination or fine needle aspiration of paraesophageal lymph nodes. In one case, during the EBUS procedure, the i-gel was dislocated but easily put in place again. During EBUS, air leakages were significant in 2 cases (5.1%) and minimal in 14 cases (35.9%). A brief self-solved laryngospasm and a bronchospasm during bronchoscopy were recorded. After recovery, no patients had dysphagia; mild odynophagia and pharyngodinia were referred by 2 (5.1%) and 12 (30.1%) patients, respectively. Conclusions: The i-gel O2 airway is easy to position and manage even for anesthesiologists unfamiliar with it. This supraglottic airway device is suitable for a complete endosonographic evaluation of the mediastinum.
QR HUG: A Study on the Development of a Game to Manage a Shelter Using QR Codes
Authors: Komori Kenichiro , Ichikawa Manabu , Deguchi Hiroshi , Saito Kentaro 
Published: August 2019

Background. The game, HUG (Hinanjo Unei Game) is used to experience the management of a Japanese evacuation shelter. However, there are issues such as the game is not very effective for specialists, temporal constraints of the game and information of the evacuees are too explicit. Method. We developed a new HUG game called QR HUG game by extending the previous HUG game. To improve the problems of the existing HUG game, we printed the QR code on the existing HUG game cards and developed a dedicated app. With the new HUG game, we aimed to achieve our three goals, such as to make players understand the importance of collaboration among specialists. Results. We implemented the new HUG game in the lecture of professional workers engaged in health care support activities on a disaster. Over 90% of the participants evaluated the game with a QR code as meaningful from the viewpoint of professionals. Our three goals were achieved, but it became clear that game system enhancement was required.
The effectiveness of Kinesio Taping® for pain management in knee osteoarthritis: a randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical trial
Authors: Donec Venta , Kubilius Raimondas 
Published: August 2019

Background: Kinesio Taping® method is a nonpharmacological alternative for pain management in musculoskeletal disorders. However, the existing evidence is insufficient to assess its full effectiveness for pain management in knee osteoarthritis (KO). Our aim was to evaluate the effectiveness of the Kinesio Taping method in reducing knee pain for KO patients. Methods: In this randomized, double blind, controlled trial, we recruited 187 patients with grade I-III KO who were allocated to either the Kinesio Taping or control group. The study was carried out in outpatient facility. Either Kinesio Taping or nonspecific taping was applied on the affected knee area for 4 weeks. Pain evaluation was performed at baseline, after 1 month of taping and after 1 further month without taping. The data on usage of painkillers were collected; Numeric Pain Rating Scale; an algometer, and Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Scores (KOOS) pain subscale were used to assess pain. Tolerance and subjective opinions toward the effectiveness of taping were evaluated. The chosen level of significance was p < 0.05, ß ⩽ 0.2. Results: The majority (>70%) of both groups’ patients indicated that tapes reduced the knee pain. The reported use of painkillers decreased, in addition to self-reported increase in the KOOS subscale, thereby indicating pain alleviation. All self-reported improvement remained at the 1-month follow up ( p < 0.05). Significantly higher and clinically meaningful reduction of pain intensity was found in the Kinesio Taping group after the treatment month, in comparison with the control group ( p < 0.05). More pain reduction was reported in the daytime for participants in the Kinesio Taping group at the follow up ( p = 0.022). No changes in algometry results were observed. Conclusions: Elastic taping can safely relieve knee pain and reduce the need for pharmacological management in KO. A specific Kinesio Taping technique is clinically more beneficial for knee-pain alleviation in comparison with nonspecific taping. [ ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03076177.]
A survey on the use of intravenous lidocaine infusion for acute pain in Scottish Hospitals
Authors: Meaney Eoghan D , Reid Louise , Srivastava Devjit 
Published: August 2019

Introduction: Intravenous (IV) lidocaine infusions are increasingly used in the management of acute pain. They are particularly used in patients undergoing colorectal surgery, where they are also found to decrease rates of postoperative ileus. IV lidocaine has significant toxicity in overdose. There are no current national guidelines or standards on the provision of IV lidocaine infusions. We aimed to get a snapshot of current usage and usage practices in Scottish NHS Hospitals, to identify common themes and variations in practice. Methods: A survey designed by the authors was emailed to 20 Scottish NHS Hospitals with an acute pain team. These were then followed up by telephone, if necessary. Results: Of the 20 hospitals, 16 (80%) responded; 12 out of 16 (75%) of the responding hospitals either used IV lidocaine infusions for acute pain or were planning to use them in the near future. There was variability in practices regarding delivery device, prescriber grade, bolus dosing, length of infusion, location of infusion and use with other local anaesthetic (LA) infusions. Conclusions: A majority of Scottish NHS Hospitals use IV lidocaine infusions in the management of acute pain. There are some variations in current practice; standardising practices may decrease the risk of LA toxicity. A national guideline is recommended.
Does Tranexamic Acid Reduce Knee Swelling and Improve Early Function Following Arthroscopic Meniscectomy? A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Nugent Mary , May Jedediah H. , Parker Jack D. , Kieser David C. , Douglas Michael , Pereira Ron , Lim Khoon S. , Hooper Gary J. 
Published: August 2019

Background: Arthroscopic meniscectomy often results in rapid recovery and return to preinjury activities; however, postoperative hemarthrosis and swelling can lead to pain, decreased range of motion, and delayed return to work and leisure activities. Tranexamic acid (TXA) is a lysine-based inhibitor of plasminogen to plasmin that has gained popularity in arthroplasty surgery for reducing blood loss and, more recently, in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction by reducing postoperative hemarthrosis, swelling, and pain while increasing function in the short term. Purpose: To determine whether there is a role for TXA in improving the short-term results of swelling, pain, and function following arthroscopic meniscectomy. Study Design: Randomized controlled trial; Level of evidence, 2. Methods: We performed a prospective double-blinded randomized controlled trial in 41 patients undergoing arthroscopic meniscectomy by comparing patients treated with intravenous TXA with those treated with a placebo (normal saline). A single surgeon treated all patients. Following randomization, a dose of 1 g of TXA in 100 mL of normal saline (treatment group) or 100 mL of normal saline (placebo group) was given intravenously at induction prior to tourniquet inflation by the anesthetist. The anesthetist administering the TXA or placebo was not blinded, but all other clinicians involved were. Patients were evaluated by a blinded observer at postoperative days 3, 14, and 30, with the range of motion, swelling, pain levels (visual analog scale), and Lysholm and Tegner knee scores recorded. Results: Patient demographics were similar in both groups. In the treatment group, there was a nonsignificant improvement in range of motion ( P = .056) and swelling ( P = .384) at 14 days; however, there was a significant improvement in the Tegner score at 3 days ( P = .0064). The complication profile was similar between the groups. Conclusion: The administration of 1 g of intravenous TXA in routine arthroscopic meniscectomy may improve early functional recovery without increased risk. A larger study is required to confirm these results and further evaluate any potential benefit. Registration: ACTRN12618001600235 (Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry).
European Respiratory Society guidelines on long-term home non-invasive ventilation for management of COPD
Authors: Ergan Begum , Oczkowski Simon , Rochwerg Bram , Carlucci Annalisa , Chatwin Michelle , Clini Enrico , Elliott Mark , Gonzalez-Bermejo Jesus , Hart Nicholas , Lujan Manel , Nasilowski Jacek , Nava Stefano , Pepin Jean Louis , Pisani Lara , Storre Jan Hendrik , Wijkstra Peter , Tonia Thomy , Boyd Jeanette , Scala Raffaele , Windisch Wolfram 
Published: August 2019

BackgroundWhile the role of acute non-invasive ventilation (NIV) has been shown to improve outcome in acute life-threatening hypercapnic respiratory failure in COPD, the evidence of clinical efficacy of long-term home NIV (LTH-NIV) for management of COPD is less. This document provides evidence-based recommendations for the clinical application of LTH-NIV in chronic hypercapnic COPD patients.Materials and methodsThe European Respiratory Society task force committee was composed of clinicians, methodologists and experts in the field of LTH-NIV. The committee developed recommendations based on the GRADE (Grading, Recommendation, Assessment, Development and Evaluation) methodology. The GRADE Evidence to Decision framework was used to formulate recommendations. A number of topics were addressed under a narrative format which provides a useful context for clinicians and patients.ResultsThe task force committee delivered conditional recommendations for four actionable PICO (target population-intervention-comparator-outcome) questions, 1) suggesting for the use of LTH-NIV in stable hypercapnic COPD; 2) suggesting for the use of LTH-NIV in COPD patients following a COPD exacerbation requiring acute NIV 3) suggesting for the use of NIV settings targeting a reduction in carbon dioxide and 4) suggesting for using fixed pressure support as first choice ventilator mode.ConclusionsManaging hypercapnia may be an important intervention for improving the health outcome of COPD patients with chronic respiratory failure. The task force conditionally supports the application of LTH-NIV to improve health outcome by targeting a reduction in carbon dioxide in COPD patients with persistent hypercapnic respiratory failure. These recommendations should be applied in clinical practice by practitioners that routinely care for chronic hypercapnic COPD patients.
New therapeutic targets for cancer: the interplay between immune and metabolic checkpoints and gut microbiota
Authors: Agrawal Babita 
Published: August 2019

AbstractTransformation and growth of tumor cells are associated with profound alterations in neighbouring cells and their environment, together forming the tumor microenvironment (TME). The TME provides a conducive but complex milieu for the tumors to thrive while incapacitating the immune cells that home there as part of our natural immunosurveillance mechanism. The orchestration of this successful survival strategy by tumor cells is associated with exploitation of numerous metabolic and immune checkpoints, as well as metabolic reprogramming in the tumor cells. Together these form an intricate network of feedback mechanisms that favor the growing tumor. In addition, an ecosystem of microbiota, proximal or distal to tumors, influences the successful survival or elimination of tumor cells mediated by immune cells. Discovery and clinical application of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) i.e., monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) blocking specific immune checkpoints CTLA‐4 and PD‐1/PD‐L1, have revolutionized therapy of various cancers. However, they are still associated with limited response rates, severe immune‐related adverse events, development of resistance, and more serious exacerbation of cancer progression termed hyper‐progressive disease. Checkpoint inhibitors only represent a milestone and not the finish‐line in the quest for treating and curing cancer. Efforts are underway to investigate and develop inhibitors of other immune as well as metabolic checkpoint molecules. Future therapy for various cancers is projected to target immune and metabolic checkpoints and the microbiota together.