bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Theranostic nanosensitizers for highly efficient MR/fluorescence imaging‐guided sonodynamic therapy of gliomas
Authors: Liu Hongmei , Zhou Meijun , Sheng Zonghai , Chen Yu , Yeh Chih‐Kuang , Chen Wenting , Liu Jia , Liu Xin , Yan Fei , Zheng Hairong 
Published: August 2018

AbstractGlioma is the most frequent primary brain tumour of the central nervous system. Its high aggressiveness and deep‐seated brain lesion make it a great challenge to develop a non‐invasive, precise and effective treatment approach. Here, we report a multifunctional theranostic agent that can integrate imaging and therapy into a single nano‐platform for imaging‐guided sonodynamic therapy (SDT). The SDT agents were fabricated by encapsulation of sinoporphyrin sodium (DVDMS) chelating with manganese ions into nanoliposomes (DVDMS‐Mn‐LPs). DVDMS‐Mn‐LPs are physiologically stable and biologically compatible, and they can produce singlet oxygen upon ultrasound irradiation to kill cancer cells. Both cell and animal studies demonstrated that SDT with DVDMS‐Mn‐LPs can significantly improve the antitumour growth efficiency even in the presence of skull. In addition, DVDMS‐Mn‐LPs are good for MR and fluorescence imaging. Thus, DVDMS‐Mn‐LPs reported here may provide a promising strategy for imaging‐guided modality for glioma treatment.
Identification of a GNE homozygous mutation in a Han‐Chinese family with GNE myopathy
Authors: Wu Yuan , Yuan Lamei , Guo Yi , Lu Anjie , Zheng Wen , Xu Hongbo , Yang Yan , Hu Pengzhi , Gu Shaojuan , Wang Bingqi , Deng Hao 
Published: August 2018

AbstractGNE myopathy is a rare, recessively inherited, early adult‐onset myopathy, characterized by distal and proximal muscle degeneration which often spares the quadriceps. It is caused by mutations in the UDP‐N‐acetylglucosamine 2‐epimerase/N‐acetylmannosamine kinase gene (GNE). This study aimed to identify the disease‐causing mutation in a three‐generation Han‐Chinese family with members who have been diagnosed with myopathy. A homozygous missense mutation, c.1627G>A (p.V543M) in the GNE gene co‐segregates with the myopathy present in this family. A GNE myopathy diagnosis is evidenced by characteristic clinical manifestations, rimmed vacuoles in muscle biopsies and the presence of biallelic GNE mutations. This finding broadens the GNE gene mutation spectrum and extends the GNE myopathy phenotype spectrum.
A novel, homozygous nonsense variant of the CDHR1 gene in a Chinese family causes autosomal recessive retinal dystrophy by NGS‐based genetic diagnosis
Authors: Fu Jiewen , Ma Lu , Cheng Jingliang , Yang Lisha , Wei Chunli , Fu Shangyi , Lv Hongbin , Chen Rui , Fu Junjiang 
Published: August 2018

AbstractRetinal dystrophy is an inherited, heterogeneous, chronic and progressive disorder of visual functions. The mutations of patients with autosomal recessive retinal retinopathy cone‐and‐rod dysfunction and macular dystrophy have not been well described in the Chinese population. In this study, a three‐generation Chinese retinal dystrophy family was recruited. Ophthalmic examinations were performed. Targeted next generation sequencing (TGS) was used to identify causative genes, and Sanger sequencing was conducted to verify candidate mutations and co‐segregation. Reverse transcription (RT)‐PCR was applied to investigate the spatial and temporal expression patterns of cdhr1 gene in mouse. A novel, homozygous, deleterious and nonsense variant (c.T1641A; p.Y547*) in the CDHR1 gene was identified in the family with autosomal recessive retinal dystrophy, which was co‐segregated with the clinical phenotypes in this family. RT‐PCR analysis revealed that cdhr1 is ubiquitously expressed in eye, particularly very high expression in retina; high expression in lens, sclera, and cornea; and high expression in brain. In conclusion, our study is the first to indicate that the novel homozygous variant c.T1641A (p.Y547*) in the CHDR1 gene might be the disease‐causing mutation for retinal dystrophy in our patient, extending its mutation spectrums. These findings further the understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of this disease and provide new insights for diagnosis as well as new implications for genetic counselling.
Violence exposure in an urban city: A GxE interaction with aggressive and impulsive behaviors
Authors: Musci Rashelle J. , Bettencourt Amie F. , Sisto Danielle , Maher Brion , Masyn Katherine , Ialongo Nicholas S. 
Published: August 2018

BackgroundPrevious research has demonstrated a reciprocal relationship between community violence exposure and disruptive behavior problems among youth. No study to date, however, has explored the potential interaction between violence exposure in early adolescence and genetics.MethodsWe explore the gene x environment interaction's impact on teacher‐rated aggressive and impulsive behaviors. Violence exposure during the middle school years was assessed using self‐report. Genetic data collection occurred in emerging adulthood. A polygenic score was created using findings from a conduct disorder symptomatology genome‐wide association study.ResultsThree longitudinal classes of teacher reported aggressive and impulsive behavior were identified. We found a significant relationship between violence exposure and class membership. There was a significant GxE interaction, such that those with below average levels of the polygenic score and who were exposed to violence were more likely to be in the moderately high aggressive and impulsive class as compared to the no to low class.ConclusionsThese findings highlight the influence of genetic risk together with violence exposure on adolescent problem behavior. Although youth may have little control over the environments in which they live, interventions can and should focus on helping all youth.
Does the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) underestimate the disease‐specific burden of psoriasis patients?
Authors: Langenbruch A. , Radtke M.A. , Gutknecht M. , Augustin M. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractBackgroundThe Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) is the most frequently used health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) instrument for skin diseases. According to the DLQI instructions, the responses ‘not relevant’ and ‘my skin problem has not at all affected this aspect of life’ (‘not at all’) have to be scored as 0 = no HRQoL impairments.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to estimate potential bias of DLQI measurements for patients with psoriasis based on items considered to be not relevant.MethodsOne thousand two hundred forty‐three patients with psoriasis were surveyed in a cross‐sectional study. Disease severity (Psoriasis Area and Severity Index, PASI) and subjective health state (EuroQoL Visual Analogue Scale, EQ VAS) were compared per DLQI item between patients who answered the respective question ‘not relevant’ and those who answered ‘not at all’.ResultsPatients who declared a DLQI item to be not relevant showed a higher disease severity and a lower health state.ConclusionResults indicate that patients who declare a DLQI item to be not relevant have a higher disease‐related burden than those who do not feel affected by their psoriasis in the same aspect of life. If aspects of life are considered to be not relevant due to high disease burden, this should be reflected by a HRQoL instrument.
Overcoming Reluctance to Accept Home‐Based Support from an Older Adult Perspective
Authors: Lindquist Lee A. , Ramirez‐Zohfeld Vanessa , Forcucci Chris , Sunkara Priya , Cameron Kenzie A. 
Published: August 2018

ObjectivesTo understand older adult perceptions about accepting help at home, in particular fears related to potential loss of independence.DesignQualitative focus groups.SettingRural, suburban, and urban areas of Fort Wayne, Indiana, and Chicago, Illinois.ParticipantsCommunity‐dwelling adults aged 65 and older (N=68).MeasurementsParticipants discussed decision‐making, reluctance to accept home‐based care, barriers, and resources that might affect remaining in the home. Three independent coders used constant comparative analysis to interpret results.ResultsAnalysis revealed that reluctance to accept home‐based support was associated with concerns over inability to complete tasks, perceptions of being burdensome to others, lack of trust in others, and lack of control. To overcome these concerns, some participants reframed the concept of independence to be “interdependence,” with people continually depending on each other throughout their lives. Subjects noted that, even if one becomes more limited over time, the recognition that one is still contributing something meaningful to society is important to overcoming refusal of home assistance. Another strategy presented to overcome negative perceptions of accepting assistance in the home was the recognition that helping someone who is in need may engender positive emotions in those providing the help.ConclusionOlder adults perceived multiple reasons for refusing home‐based assistance and offered potential strategies to overcome this reluctance. Addressing the reasons and promoting strategies to accept home‐based support may lead older adults to have fewer unmet home‐based needs, enabling them to remain safely in their homes.
Effect of Asymptomatic Severe Aortic Stenosis on Outcomes of Individuals Aged 80 and Older
Authors: Suzuki Atsuko , Tajiri Kazuko , Ishizu Tomoko , Nakayama Mio , Hoshi Tomoya , Suzuki Seiichi , Hatsutori Mikiko , Sato Noriko , Takayama Shingo , Kawano Mikihiko , Aonuma Kazutaka , Nogami Akihiko 
Published: August 2018

ObjectivesTo examine the effect of asymptomatic severe aortic stenosis (AS) on mortality late in life.DesignRetrospective cohort study.SettingLarge medical center.ParticipantsAsymptomatic adults aged 80 and older (mean age 86 ± 4; N=1,060, n=569 women) with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF; > 50%); 927 (87.5%) with no AS, 70 (6.6%) with nonsevere AS, and 63 (5.9%) with severe AS.MeasurementsInformation was collected on demographic characteristics, comorbidities, and laboratory and echocardiographic data. Survival was assessed according to longest follow‐up available.ResultsDuring a mean follow‐up of 2.2 ± 2.3 years, there were 203 (19%) deaths, 51 of which were from cardiovascular causes. Four‐year estimates of survival were 72% for no AS, 58% for nonsevere AS, and 23% for severe AS (p<.001). Univariable analysis showed that asymptomatic severe AS was significantly associated with greater risk of all‐cause mortality (hazard ratio (HR)=3.06, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.96–4.58, p<.001). After adjustment for age, sex, LVEF, hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes, atrial fibrillation, chronic kidney disease, and coronary artery disease, asymptomatic severe AS was an independent predictor of all‐cause mortality (HR=3.16, 95% CI=1.97–4.88, p<.001).ConclusionAsymptomatic severe AS has a major effect on prognosis even in very old adults.
ZmOST1 mediates abscisic acid regulation of guard cell ion channels and drought stress responses
Authors: Wu Qiqi , Wang Mei , Shen Jianlin , Chen Donghua , Zheng Yu , Zhang Wei 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) is an important mediator in the drought response, participating in, among other processes, stomatal movements. In Arabidopsis thaliana, the serine/threonine protein kinase, OST1, regulates this response, but the function of its maize homolog has yet to be established. Here, we isolated ZmOST1 and show that its encoded protein indeed acts to regulate guard cell movement. ZmOST1 was ubiquitously expressed throughout the plant, being highly expressed in guard cells, and inducible both by exogenous ABA and water stress. Transient expression of a ZmOST1‐GFP fusion protein, in maize mesophyll protoplasts, indicated its subcellular localization in the cytoplasm and nucleus. A Zmost1 loss‐of‐function mutant exhibited reduced sensitivity to ABA‐activated slow anion channels in maize guard cells, and reduced drought tolerance. Constitutive expression of ZmOST1, in an A. thaliana ost1‐1 mutant rescued the phenotype with respect both to the sensitivity of guard cell slow anion currents to ABA treatment and stomatal closure. Our findings indicate a positive regulatory role for ZmOST1 in guard cell ABA signaling and drought response in maize plants.
Obesity and recurrent miscarriage: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Cavalcante Marcelo B. , Sarno Manoel , Peixoto Alberto B. , Araujo Júnior Edward , Barini Ricardo 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe aim of this study is to perform a systematic review and meta‐analysis on the relationship between excess weight and risk of recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) and to highlight the common immunological mechanisms of these two conditions. The PubMed and MEDLINE databases were searched for publications in English available as of November 2017. The search terms used were ‘recurrent pregnancy loss’, ‘body mass index’ (BMI), ‘overweight’ and ‘obesity’. For calculation of the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for miscarriage in different BMI groups, RevMan software was used (Review Manager, Version 5.3.5 for Windows; The Cochrane Collaboration). In total, 100 publications including the search terms were identified. Six studies were included for qualitative analysis, and two studies were included for quantitative analysis (meta‐analysis). The association between excess weight and RPL was significant (OR, 1.34; 95% CI, 1.05–1.70; P = 0.02). The isolated analyses of the groups of obese and overweight women revealed an association only between obesity and RPL (OR, 1.75; 95% CI, 1.24–2.47; P = 0.001). The data available in the current literature revealed that obese women with a history of RPL have a high risk of future pregnancy losses, a risk which was not found among overweight women.
Competition in career tournaments: Investigating the joint impact of trait competitiveness and competitive psychological climate on objective and subjective career success
Authors: Spurk Daniel , Keller Anita C. , Hirschi Andreas 
Published: August 2018

This study investigates the joint impact of trait competitiveness (i.e., the enjoyment of interpersonal competition and the desire to win and be better than others) and competitive psychological climate (i.e., the degree to which employees perceive organizational rewards as contingent upon comparisons of their performance against that of their peers) on objective and subjective career success. Based on tournament and person–environment fit theory, we assumed that the positive effects of trait competitiveness on different indicators of objective (i.e., salary, promotions) and subjective (i.e., career satisfaction, internal marketability, and meaningful work) career success are stronger under conditions of a highly competitive psychological climate. Moderated regression analyses using data from a 6‐month time‐lagged study of 340 employees working in diverse occupational fields in their early careers revealed joint effects of the two competition variables. For both objective and subjective career success, the effect of trait competitiveness was strengthened under conditions of a highly competitive psychological climate. We discuss the results by integrating theoretical reasoning from a tournament and person–environment fit perspective on the attainment of career success.Practitioner points

Organizations should be aware that competitive environments, and specifically their related perceptions, are only beneficial for some employees’ career success.

Within perceived highly competitive organizational contexts, personnel selection and development should consider competitive traits of employees when deciding about hiring and career planning.

Career counsellors may consider perceived organizational climates and competitive personal characteristics when objective career success and subjective career success are of topic in the counselling process.
Methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus skin and soft tissue infections in young people in custody in New South Wales
Authors: Haysom Leigh , Cross Melanie , Anastasas Rebecca , Hampton Stephen , Harris Marilyn , Sneddon Kimberley 
Published: August 2018

AimMethicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) are problematic for incarcerated adolescents but have not been previously researched.MethodsThis was a 2‐year prospective study of all New South Wales Juvenile Custodial Centres involving incarcerated youth aged 12–20 years. The main outcomes measured were MRSA SSTIs, MRSA molecular subtypes and associations with MRSA infection. Variables included age, gender, SSTI site and type, Indigenous status, incarceration time, lifetime incarcerations, intravenous drug use, overweight/obesity, recent antibiotic use and health centre presentations.ResultsFrom February 2013 to January 2015, there were 77 SSTIs (92.2% male, 59.2% Indigenous, mean age 16.9 years). The majority (77.9%) were collections, mostly on the lower limb (44.2%), and 33 (42.9%) isolates were MRSA; 94% were Panton–Valentine leukocidin positive. This represents 11 SSTIs per 1000 custodial admissions, and 4.7 MRSA SSTIs per 1000 custodial admissions. Independent associations with MRSA SSTI (vs. non‐MRSA SSTI) were Indigenous status (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 5.92, P < 0.001), presenting with a collection (AOR 18.29, P < 0.001) and recent antibiotic use (AOR 3.62, P < 0.05).ConclusionsIncarcerated Australian youth have high rates of MRSA SSTIs, comparable to rates in US adult inmates, but with different molecular subtypes. At particular risk of MRSA infection are Indigenous youth, those with recent antibiotic use and those presenting with a collection. Many MRSA infections present at custodial admission, making surveillance and containment important, along with avoidance of unnecessary antibiotics and hand hygiene. Panton–Valentine leukocidin‐positive MRSA predominates and is known for causing flu‐associated necrotising pneumonia. Albeit a rare outcome, the seasonal influenza vaccination should be mandatory for youth in custody and custodial staff.
Comparing monovalent and combination hepatitis B vaccine outcomes in children delivered by mothers with chronic hepatitis B
Authors: Lee Le Y , Chan Si M , Ong Christina , M Aw Marion , Wong Franco , Saw Sharon , Lee Guan H , Thoon Koh C , Phua Kong B 
Published: August 2018

AimWe compared the vaccine effectiveness of monovalent and combination hepatitis B vaccine regimens in infants born to chronic hepatitis B carrier mothers.MethodsAn observational cohort of neonates was recruited over 78 months from two public hospital maternity units in Singapore. We enrolled term infants, born to chronic hepatitis B surface antigen‐positive mothers regardless of their hepatitis Be antigen status, who completed the hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination programme in Singapore. Infants born to mothers on antiviral therapy, or with concurrent hepatitis C or human immunodeficiency virus infection were excluded. All infants received hepatitis B immunoglobulin at birth. One group received three doses of monovalent hepatitis B vaccine (0, 1, 6 months) (regimen A). The other group received two doses of monovalent vaccine, followed by one dose combination vaccine DTaP‐IPV‐Hib‐HBV (0, 1, 6 months) (regimen B). Vaccine effectiveness was determined by immunoprophylaxis failure leading to HBV vertical transmission. Immunogenicity was assessed by hepatitis B surface antibody (anti‐HBs) levels at 9 months of age.ResultsTotal of 177 term neonates received regimen A and 115 received regimen B. Immunoprophylaxis failure rate was low, 2.3 and 2.6% (P = 1.00) in regimen A and B, respectively. Mean anti‐HBs titres were similar at 643 ± 374 and 561 ± 396 IU/L (P = 0.08) for regimen A and B, respectively.ConclusionHepatitis B vaccine regimens using monovalent or combination vaccine for the third dose showed similarly high vaccine effectiveness and low immunoprophylaxis failure rate in term infants born to chronic hepatitis B carrier mothers.
Employment insecurity and sleep disturbance: Evidence from 31 European countries
Authors: Mai Quan D. , Hill Terrence D. , Vila‐Henninger Luis , Grandner Michael A. 
Published: August 2018

SummaryFor nearly half a century, jobs have become increasingly characterized by employment insecurity. We examined the implications for sleep disturbance with cross‐sectional data from the European Working Conditions Survey (2010). A group of 24,553 workers between the ages of 25 and 65 years in 31 European countries were asked to indicate whether they suffered from “insomnia or general sleep difficulties” in the past 12 months. We employed logistic regression to model the association between employment insecurity and sleep disturbance for all countries combined and each individual country. For all countries combined, employment insecurity increased the odds of reporting insomnia or general sleep difficulties in the past 12 months. Each unit increase in employment insecurity elevated the odds of sleep disturbance by approximately 47%. This finding was remarkably consistent across 27 of 31 European countries, including Albania, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Turkey and UK. These results persisted with adjustments for age, gender, immigrant status, household size, partnership status, number of children, child care, elder care, education, earner status, precarious employment status, workplace sector, workplace tenure and workplace size. Employment insecurity was unrelated to sleep disturbance in four European countries: Malta, Poland, Portugal and Romania. Our research continues recent efforts to reveal the human costs associated with working in neoliberal postindustrial labour markets. Our analyses contribute to the external validity of previous research by exploring the impact of employment insecurity across European countries.