bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Noninvasive Imaging of Processes in Natural Porous Media: From Pore to Field Scale
Authors: Pohlmeier Andreas , Garré Sarah , Roose Tiina 
Published: May 2018

Core IdeasNoninvasive, high‐resolution imaging is important for visualizing water flow and transport processes.Most important are X‐ray CT, MRI, and neutron CT.Image processing techniques are mandatory for maximum benefit from the images.Noninvasive, high‐resolution imaging techniques are important for visualizing water flow and transport processes in soils, which are natural porous media. They are a key to understanding effects such as crop production, water resource restoration, CO2sequestration, or the transport and fate of pollutants. During the last two decades, the development of three‐dimensional imaging techniques such as nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (NMR and MRI), X‐ray computed tomography (CT), and neutron CT has made significant progress possible in the study of soil processes. This special section presents examples of X‐ray CT and NMR from the small‐column scale to the application of portable NMR equipment in the field, along with some important advances in image processing that make it possible to extract optimal physical information from the original data.
Climate vulnerability index fluctuation: a case of Iran
Authors: Hatef Hakimeh , Kakhki Mahmoud Daneshvar , Kohansal Mohammad Reza , Bannayan Mohammad , Froshani Naser Shahnoushi 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Climatic fluctuations have severe effects on water and soil resources and economy as a whole. It is hence important to study the fluctuations of climatic parameters in different regions in order to recognize the source and type of parameter that have led to fluctuating climatic parameters. To achieve this goal, the current study attempts to address the following issues: what are the different sources of fluctuations in climate parameters? Do different regions have the same degree of vulnerability and what is the most fluctuating parameter in each region? To answer these questions, the study suggests climate vulnerability index fluctuation. Calculating the index requires data provided by weather stations, so 115 weather stations were divided into 12 climatic zones based on the availability of data. This index considered permanent and frequent temperature, precipitation, storm and aridity shocks. The results indicated that the maximum rank of index has occurred in hot semi-mountainous and very hot desert. Also, temperature fluctuation was the major factor in five regions, whereas wind fluctuation was the major factor in three regions. Generally, the northern and western parts of the country experienced minimum climatic changes. Moving towards southern regions of the country, more climatic changes were observed.
Sleep Duration and Health-Related Quality of Life in Predialysis CKD
Authors: Sung Su-Ah , Hyun Young Youl , Lee Kyu Beck , Park Hayne Cho , Chung Wookyung , Kim Yeong Hoon , Kim Yong-Soo , Park Sue Kyung , Oh Kook-Hwan , Ahn Curie ,   on behalf of the KNOW-CKD Study Investigators
Published: May 2018

Background and objectives
Sleep duration has been associated with cardiometabolic risk and mortality. The health-related quality of life represents a patient’s comprehensive perception of health and is accepted as a health outcome. We examined the relationship between sleep duration and health-related quality of life in predialysis CKD.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
In this cross-sectional study, data from 1910 adults with CKD enrolled in the Korean Cohort Study for Outcome in Patients with CKD were analyzed. Health-related quality of life was assessed with the physical component summary and mental component summary of the Short Form-36 Health Survey. Low health-related quality of life was defined as a Short Form-36 Health Survey score >1 SD below the mean. Using a generalized additive model and multivariable logistic regression analysis, the relationship between self-reported sleep duration and health-related quality of life was examined.

Results
Seven-hour sleepers showed the highest health-related quality of life. We found an inverted U-shaped relationship between sleep duration and health-related quality of life as analyzed by a generalized additive model. In multivariable logistic analysis, short sleepers (≤5 h/d) had lower health-related quality of life (odds ratio, 3.23; 95% confidence interval, 1.86 to 5.60 for the physical component summary; odds ratio, 2.37; 95% confidence interval, 1.43 to 3.94 for the mental component summary), and long sleepers (≥9 h/d) had lower health-related quality of life (odds ratio, 2.80; 95% confidence interval, 1.55 to 5.03 for the physical component summary; odds ratio, 2.08; 95% confidence interval, 1.20 to 3.60 for the mental component summary) compared with 7-hour sleepers. Sleep duration had a significant U-shaped association with low health-related quality of life.

Conclusions
These findings suggest that short or long sleep duration is independently associated with low health-related quality of life in adults with CKD.
Fatores relacionados ao desenvolvimento reprodutivo em novilhas Nelore: Revisão
Authors: De Sousa Rafael , De Lima Gonçalves Juliete , Freitas dos Santos Sueli , Ferreira Fernandes Antonio Marcos , Dela Ricci Gisele 
Published: May 2018

The intensification of beef cattle production systems, aiming to increase production rates, requires the use of technologies that favor the rational exploitation of livestock. Among the animal indicators, reproductive efficiency stands out because it is closely associated with the conditions of nutrition, management and sanity, which together with the genetic pattern influence the general enjoyment of the herd. Among the Bos taurus indicus breeds used in Brazilian meat production systems, the Nellore breed occupies a prominent place, mainly due to its adaptation to the tropical climate. However, animals of this genetic group are usually sexually late than those of Bos taurus taurus bulls, even when bred in similar conditions. And within this context the age at first calving is one of the aspects that directly reflect the determination of the reproductive efficiency of the herd. Based on this assumption, the inclusion of heifers at younger ages to reproduction, providing improvements in profitability. This review aims to address some aspects related to reproductive development in Nellore heifers, such as the influence of live weight, nutrition, hormone therapy and reproductive tract morphology. According to a bibliographical survey presented in this review, it is concluded that the attainment of puberty in Nellore heifers is multifactorial and varies according to the general management of the herd and the genetic composition of the animals.
MODEL DINAMIKA SISTEM PENGEMBANGAN TEKNOLOGI SPESIFIK WILAYAH DALAM PENANGANAN PASCA PANEN NANAS (Studi Kasus di Kabupaten Subang) - Model System Dynamics Of Development Specific Technology Region In Post-harvest Handling Pineapple (Case Study In Subang District)
Authors: Triyono Agus , Bafdal Nurpilihan Bafdal , Perdana Tomy , Abbas Akmadi 
Published: May 2018

AbstrakIndikator keberhasilan di usaha kecil dan menenggah (UKM) adalah peningkatan nilai tambah dan pendapatan. Kemampuan UKM pengolahan nanas pada produksi dodol yang mempunyai nilai tambah rendah. Diperlukan kajian dengan metoda permodelan sistem dinamik untuk mengkaji permasalahan yang terjadi pada pengembangan teknologi spesifik wilayah. Hasil kajian menemukan faktor pengungkit (leverage) dalam peningkatan adopsi teknologi spesifik wilayah di UKM dalam memproduksi produk olahan nanas baru, seperti; (1) Peningkatan penguasaan (adopsi) teknologi yang sesuai, termasuk sarana produksi, melalui kebijakan dalam alokasi dana riset, dan hasil simulasi skenario yaitu peningkatan alokasi dana riset pengembangan teknologi, maka pendapatan pengusaha UKM naik hampir 100 %, (2) Peningkatan akses permodalan, dan hasil simulasi skenario yaitu peningkatan anggaran peminjaman untuk pengembangan UKM, maka pendapatan pengusaha UKM meningkat naik 14 %, (3) Peningkatan kemampuan SDM termasuk kesiapan pengelola UKM, dan hasil simulasi skenaro, yaitu peningkatan kemampuan SDM melalui pelatihan, maka pendapatan pengelola UKM meningkat naik 13.35 %, Kata kunci : Adopsi Teknologi, Komoditi Nanas, Sistem Dinamik, UKM Pengolahan nanas,AbstractIndicators of success in small businesses and medium (SMEs) is the increase in value-added and revenue. Pineapple processing ability levels SMEs still dodol products that have low added value. Necessary to study the dynamic system modeling method to study the problems that occurred in specific technology region development. Results of the study found the factors lever (leverage) in the increased adoption of specific technologies region of SMEs in the new pineapple producing products, such as; (1) Increased adoption of appropriate technology, including the equipment of production, through policies in the allocation of research funding, and the results of the simulation scenario is an increase in the allocation of research funding technological development, the revenue of SMEs rose by nearly 100%, (2) Improved access to capital , and the simulation scenario results are an increase in the budget allocation for the development of SMEs, the SME entrepreneurs increased revenue rose 14%, (3) Increasing the capability of Human Resources including the readiness of SME intrepreuneurs, and simulation scenario results, which improve human resource capacity through training, the intrepreneurs of SMEs increased revenue up 13 %.Keywords: Technology Adoptiony, CVomodity Pineapple, SMEs Pineapple Processing, Dynamic Systems
The Poetry of Antiques: Trade and/in Knowledge among British Antiques Dealers
Authors: Makovicky Nicolette 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
This article considers the role of information, communication, and knowledge in processes of exchange and value creation in the British antiques market. As such, it positions itself between the long-standing anthropological interest in the cultural construction of value (see APPADURAI 1986; GRAEBER 2001), and the equally long-standing interest in how asymmetries of information affect consumer behaviour (see AKERLOF 1970). Drawing on ethnographic material gathered over three months of fieldwork amongst antique dealers in the Notting Hill and Kensington Area of London, I aim to through light on what it is that dealers ‘know’ and how this knowledge is translated into profit within the trade. I argue that dealers’ knowledge of objects is encyclopaedic, discursive, and tactile at once and it is gained mainly through many years of handling of objects. Dealers must also keep abreast with the market movement of objects and their prices using this information to gage the potential profit they may accrue from a deal. Both forms of knowledge, I argue, are mobilized at once when a dealer is investing in stock and when he or she seeks to sell an item, in a ritual of show-and-tell that serves to both to verify the quality, condition and authenticity of a piece and to simultaneously negotiate its price.
Artificial intelligence used in genome analysis studies
Authors: D’Agaro Edo 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) or deep sequencing technology enables parallel reading of multiple individual DNA fragments, thereby enabling the identification of millions of base pairs in several hours. Recent research has clearly shown that machine learning technologies can efficiently analyse large sets of genomic data and help to identify novel gene functions and regulation regions. A deep artificial neural network consists of a group of artificial neurons that mimic the properties of living neurons. These mathematical models, termed Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), can be used to solve artificial intelligence engineering problems in several different technological fields (e.g., biology, genomics, proteomics, and metabolomics). In practical terms, neural networks are non-linear statistical structures that are organized as modelling tools and are used to simulate complex genomic relationships between inputs and outputs. To date, Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN) have been demonstrated to be the best tools for improving performance in problem solving tasks within the genomic field.
Advanced approaches to produce polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) biopolyesters in a sustainable and economic fashion
Authors: Koller Martin , Braunegg Gerhart 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA), the only group of “bioplastics” sensu stricto, are accumulated by various prokaryotes as intracellular “carbonosomes”. When exposed to exogenous stress or starvation, presence of these microbial polyoxoesters of hydroxyalkanoates assists microbes to survive.
“Bioplastics” such as PHA must be competitive with petrochemically manufactured plastics both in terms of material quality and manufacturing economics. Cost-effectiveness calculations clearly show that PHA production costs, in addition to bioreactor equipment and downstream technology, are mainly due to raw material costs. The reason for this is PHA production on an industrial scale currently relying on expensive, nutritionally relevant “1st-generation feedstocks”, such as like glucose, starch or edible oils. As a way out, carbon-rich industrial waste streams (“2nd-generation feedstocks”) can be used that are not in competition with the supply of food; this strategy not only reduces PHA production costs, but can also make a significant contribution to safeguarding food supplies in various disadvantaged parts of the world. This approach increases the economics of PHA production, improves the sustainability of the entire lifecycle of these materials, and makes them unassailable from an ethical perspective.
In this context, our EU-funded projects ANIMPOL and WHEYPOL, carried out by collaborative consortia of academic and industrial partners, successfully developed PHA production processes, which resort to waste streams amply available in Europe. As real 2nd-generation feedstocks”, waste lipids and crude glycerol from animal-processing and biodiesel industry, and surplus whey from dairy and cheese making industry were used in these processes. Cost estimations made by our project partners determine PHA production prices below 3 € (WHEYPOL) and even less than 2 € (ANIMPOL), respectively, per kg; these values already reach the benchmark of economic feasibility.
The presented studies clearly show that the use of selected high-carbon waste streams of (agro)industrial origin contributes significantly to the cost-effectiveness and sustainability of PHA biopolyester production on an industrial scale.
The genus Portulaca as a suitable model to study the mechanisms of plant tolerance to drought and salinity
Authors: Borsai Orsolya , Hassan Mohamad Al , Boscaiu Monica , Sestras Radu E. , Vicente Oscar 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Drought and soil salinity are at present the major factors responsible for the global reduction of crop yields, and the problem will become more severe in the coming decades because of climate change effects. The most promising strategy to achieve the increased agricultural production that will be required to meet food demands worldwide will be based on the enhancement of crop stress tolerance, by both, traditional breeding and genetic engineering. This, in turn, requires a deep understanding of the mechanisms of tolerance which, although based on a conserved set of basic responses, vary widely among plant species. Therefore, the use of different plant models to investigate these mechanisms appears to be a sensible approach. The genus Portulaca could be a suitable model to carry out these studies, as some of its taxa have been described as tolerant to drought and/or salinity. Information on relevant mechanisms of tolerance to salt and water stress can be obtained by correlating the activation of specific defence pathways with the relative stress resistance of the investigated species. Also, species of the genus could be economically attractive as ‘new’ crops for ‘saline’ and ‘arid’, sustainable agriculture, as medicinal plants, highly nutritious vegetable crops and ornamentals.
Fluorescence lifetime imaging of red yeast Cystofilobasidium capitatum during growth
Authors: Vanek Martin , Mravec Filip , Szotkowski Martin , Byrtusova Dana , Haronikova Andrea , Certik Milan , Shapaval Volha , Marova Ivana 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Red yeast Cystofilobasidium capitatum autofluorescence was studied by means of confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) to reveal distribution of carotenoids inside the cells. Yeasts were cultivated in 2L fermentor on glucose medium at permanent light exposure and aeration. Samples were collected at different times for CLSM, gravimetric determination of biomass and HPLC determination of pigments. To compare FLIM (Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Microscopy) images and coupled data (obtained by CLSM) with model systems, FLIM analysis was performed on micelles of SDS:ergosterol and SDS:coenzyme Q with different content of ergosterol and coenzyme Q, respectively, and with constant addition of beta-carotene. Liposomes lecithin:ergosterol:beta-carotene were investigated too. Two different intracellular forms of carotenoids were observed during most of cultivations, with third form appeared at the beginning of stationary phase. Observed behavior is probably due to formation of some kind of carotenoid protective system in membranes of different compartments of yeast cell, especially cytoplasmic membrane.
Seznam ugotovljenih ptic Slovenije s pregledom redkih vrst / The list of birds of Slovenia with an overview of rare species
Authors: Hanžel Jurij , Šere Dare 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
The present article is an upgrade and update of national checklists published by the Slovenian Rarities Committee in the past. A species is considered rare if fewer than 10 records are known after 1st January 1950. The number of records for these species is given in the list. Additionally, species designated as rare in the last edition of the list and extinct breeders were also considered. All records after 1st January 2001, included in the list, were confirmed by the current Slovenian Rarities Committee. Data collection for the period between 1st January 1800 and 31st December 1949 was centred on evaluating written sources, which were the basis for inclusion of a species into previous editions of the list. The data classification and taxonomy follow the recommendations of the British Ornithologists' Union. The list includes species observed at least once between 1st January 1800 and 31st December 2011. The list of birds recorded in Slovenia contains 380 species, of which 365 are in Category A, seven in Category B and eight in Category C. Category D contains six and Category E 29 species. These species are not part of the list. In comparison with the last version of the list published in 2001, 10 species recorded in Slovenia for the first time during this period were added. Two species were added because of taxonomic changes and five due to changes in species categories. Seven species were removed from the list owing to inaccurate information in historic written sources or misidentification.
Aktivitas Antijamur Sediaan Gel dengan Bahan Aktif Ekstrak Etanol Daun Turi (Sesbania grandiflora L)
Authors: Arlita Yuyun , Maulidya Vina , Rijai Laode 
Published: May 2018

Telah dilakukan penelitian uji aktivitas antijamur dari daun Sesbania grandiflora L yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antijamur dari daun Sesbania grandiflora L yaitu dengan mengamati zona hambat ekstrak dan sediaan gel terhadap jamur Malasezzia furfur. Aktivitas antijamur ekstrak ditentukan menggunakan metode difusi agar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada penghambatan pertumbuhan jamur. Aktivitas antijamur ekstrak daun turi dengan konsentrasi 2,5%, 5%, 7,5% dan 10% diuji terhadap jamur Malasezzia furfur, konsentrasi terbaik terdapat pada konsentrasi 7,5% terhadap jamur Malasezzia furfur. Basis gel dibuat dengan konsentrasi 1%, 1,5% dan 2% dengan bahan utama carbopol, konsentrasi basis gel terbaik terdapat pada konsentrasi 1% yang diuji secara organoleptis dan fisik, kemudian dicampurkan basis 1% dengan eksstrak 2,5% dan diuji aktivitas antijamur. Zona hambat ekstrak dibandingkan dengan sediaan gel yang telah dibuat.
Field test of a GPS location system for moose Alces alces under Scandinavian boreal conditions
Authors: Edenius Lars 
Published: May 2018

This paper reports on field tests of an animal‐borne GPS telemetry system for moose Alces alces in northern Sweden. Tests involved accuracy of locations (standard mode GPS), percentage of successful location attempts under different canopy conditions, effect of movement, and performance of the GPS telemetry system on free‐ranging moose. Locational accuracy was better than 92 and 183 m 95% of the time, and better than 42 and 74 m 50% of the time, respectively, dependent on whether the GPS receiver recorded a 2‐ or 3‐dimensional location (3 or 4 satellites used to calculate the location). Percentage of successful location attempts ranged within 69–100%, and varied inversely with over‐storey canopy cover and basal area of stems. Thick canopy cover and high stem basal area reduced locational accuracy and the percentage of successful location attempts. A backpack trial indicated that movement rate of 3–4 km/hour may reduce the percentage of successful location attempts under forest canopy. On moose, approximately 75% of attempts resulted in a location, the success rate being highest during winter/spring and lowest during fall. It is concluded that GPS has a great potential in wildlife telemetry studies, but effects of movement and habitat selection have to be addressed further.
Brood movement and natal dispersal of hazel grouse Bonasa bonasia at Changbai Mountain, Jilin Province, China
Authors: Fang Yun , Sun Yue‐Hua 
Published: May 2018

Brood movement and natal dispersal of hazel grouse Bonasa bonasia at Changbai Mountain were studied using radio telemetry in 1993–94. Most chicks hatched during late May to early June. Only hens accompanied three radio‐tracked broods. After wandering for 30–35 days, broods 1 and 3 became relatively sedentary in second‐growth forest, 1.6–1.7 km from their nests. Broods 1 and 3 disintegrated when chicks were 80 and 69 days old. Based on radio‐tracking, it is suggested that the impetus for one brood's disintegration was that the hen left its brood. Female 2 lost her chicks about 20 days after hatching. The hens returned to their spring home ranges after brood dissolution. Three radio‐marked chicks dispersed 4.8–5.7 km in mid‐September. It is concluded that, in general, the hazel grouse is an active disperser in natural habitats.
Visualiser sur ordinateur pour enseigner les sciences. Application à l'enseignement de l'informatique et, en particulier, du parallélisme
Authors: Chataignier Philippe 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACT. This paper deals with the use of visualization of phenomena by a computer as a tool to teach sciences. It presents :
-visualizations to teach computer science : program and algorithm animations and others,
-visualizations realised by the author to teach parallelism : animations to present concepts and simulations to visualize parallel and distributed algorithms.