bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Conditional disease‐free survival after curative‐intent liver resection for neuroendocrine liver metastasis
Authors: Sahara Kota , Merath Katiuscha , Tsilimigras Diamantis I. , Hyer J. Madison , Guglielmi Alfredo , Aldrighetti Luca , Weiss Matthew , Fields Ryan C. , Poultsides George A. , Maithel Shishir K. , Endo Itaru , Pawlik Timothy M. , other members of the U.S. Neuroendocrine Tumor Study Group  
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundNeuroendocrine liver metastases (NELM) are typically associated with high recurrence rates following surgical resection. Conditional disease‐free survival (CDFS) estimates may be more clinically relevant compared to actuarial survival estimates.MethodsCDFS was assessed using a multi‐institutional cohort of patients. Cox proportional hazards models were used to evaluate factors associated with disease‐free survival (DFS). Three‐year CDFS (CDFS3) estimates at “x” year after surgery were calculated as CDFS3 = DFS(x + 3)/DFS(x).ResultsA total of 521 patients met the inclusion criteria. While actuarial 3‐year DFS gradually decreased from 49% at 1 year to 39% at 5 years, CDFS3 increased over time. CDFS3 at 5 years was estimated as 89% vs actuarial 8‐year DFS of 39% (P < .001). The probability of remaining disease‐free at 5 years after resection increased as patients remained disease‐free. For example, the probability of being disease‐free for an additional 3 years was 66.3% and 88.8% for patients who lived 2 and 5 years, respectively. Overall, CDFS3 in each subgroup increased postoperatively as years elapsed, however, the impact of each prognostic factor on CDFS3 changed over time.ConclusionCDFS of patients who underwent resection of NELM exponentially improved as patients survived additional years without recurrence. CDFS provides more accurate prognostic measures compared with traditional DFS measures.
Desiccation and supra‐zero temperature storage of cat germinal vesicles lead to less structural damage and similar epigenetic alterations compared to cryopreservation
Authors: Lee Pei‐Chih , Comizzoli Pierre 
Published: September 2019

AbstractUnderstanding cellular and molecular damages in oocytes during exposure to extreme conditions is essential to optimize long‐term fertility preservation approaches. Using the domestic cat (Felis catus) model, we are developing drying techniques for oocytes’ germinal vesicles (GVs) as a more economical alternative to cryopreservation. The objective of the study was to characterize the influence of desiccation on nuclear envelope conformation, chromatin configuration, and the relative fluorescent intensities of histone H3 trimethylation at lysine 4 (H3K4me3) and at lysine 9 (H3K9me3) compared to vitrification. Results showed that higher proportions of dried/rehydrated GVs maintained normal nuclear envelope conformation and chromatin configuration than vitrified/warmed counterparts. Both preservation methods had a similar influence on epigenetic patterns, lowering H3K4me3 intensity to under 40% while maintaining H3K9me3 levels. Further analysis revealed that the decrease of H3K4me3 intensity mainly occurred during microwave dehydration and subsequent rehydration, whereas sample processing (permeabilization and trehalose exposure) or storage did not significantly affect the epigenetic marker. Moreover, rehydration either directly or stepwise with trehalose solutions did not influence the outcome. This is the first report demonstrating that the incidence of GV damages is lower after desiccation/rehydration than vitrification/warming.
Submergence Responses of Cool-Season Annual Plants and Potential for Fish Habitat
Authors: Coppola Giancarlo , Miranda Leandro E. , Colvin Michael E. , Hatcher Hunter R. , Lashley Marcus A. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The artificial water regimes of flood control reservoirs limit vegetation establishment in littoral zones and produce mudflats with limited habitat for juvenile fishes. One strategy to enhance habitat on mudflats is to sow cool-season plants to provide submerged structure when inundated. However, how the structure of these plants persists following inundation has not been evaluated. To investigate the species-specific responses of plants to inundation, we submerged six cool-season annual plant cultivars in outdoor flow-through tanks and monitored maximum height and density of plant structures over time. Time-to-event analyses and generalized linear models characterized differences in structural persistence between cultivars over time. Plantings degraded rapidly if inundated before plants matured. However, mature plants of Marshall ryegrass Lolium multiflorum and triticale Triticosecale provided dense structure that persisted for 3 months. As Marshall ryegrass degraded, the stem density decreased and produced wide gaps relative to triticale, which remained dense and complex. Differences in plant architecture during the senescence process following submergence may influence fish species and size class use. Our results indicate that cool-season grasses have high potential as habitat enhancers due to long-term persistence, and differences in plant structural characteristics may provide flexibility for managers to attract target fish species.
Cytoplasmic “ciliary inclusions” in isolation are not sufficient for the diagnosis of primary ciliary dyskinesia
Authors: Vece Timothy J. , Sagel Scott D. , Zariwala Maimoona A. , Sullivan Kelli M. , Burns Kimberlie A. , Dutcher Susan K. , Yusupov Roman , Leigh Margaret W. , Knowles Michael R. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe diagnosis of primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is difficult and requires a combination of clinical features, nasal nitric oxide testing, cilia ultrastructural analysis by electron microscopy (EM), and genetics. A recently described cytoplasmic ultrastructural change termed “ciliary inclusions” was reported to be diagnostic of PCD; however, no supporting evidence of PCD was provided. In this study, we sought to confirm, or refute, the diagnosis of PCD in subjects with “ciliary inclusions” on EM.MethodsSix subjects from five families with previous lab reports of “ciliary inclusions” on EMs of ciliated cells were identified and evaluated at a Genetic Disorders of Mucociliary Clearance Consortium site. We performed a detailed clinical history, nasal nitric oxide measurement, genetic testing including whole‐exome sequencing (WES), and when possible, repeat ciliary EM study.ResultsOnly one of six subjects had multiple and persistent clinical features congruent with PCD. No subject had situs inversus. Only one of six subjects had a very low nasal nitric oxide level. No “ciliary inclusions” were found in three subjects who had a repeat ciliary EM, and ciliary axonemal ultrastructures were normal. Genetic testing, including WES, was negative for PCD‐causing genes, and for pathogenic variants in gene pathways that might cause “ciliary inclusions,” such as ciliary biogenesis.Conclusion“Ciliary Inclusions”, in isolation, are not sufficient to diagnosis PCD. If seen, additional studies should be done to pursue an accurate diagnosis.
A comparison of procedural success rate and long-term clinical outcomes between in-stent restenosis chronic total occlusion and de novo chronic total occlusion using multicenter registry data
Authors: Lee Seung Hun , Cho Jae Young , Kim Je Sang , Lee Hyun Jong , Yang Jeong Hoon , Park Jae Hyoung , Hong Soon Jun , Choi Rak Kyeong , Choi Seung-Hyuk , Gwon Hyeon-Cheol , Lim Do-Sun , Yu Cheol Woong 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Background
There have been little data about outcomes of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for in-stent restenosis (ISR) chronic total occlusion (CTO) in the drug eluting stent (DES) era. This study aimed to compare the procedural success rate and long-term clinical outcomes of ISR CTO and de novo CTO.

Methods and results
Patients who underwent PCI for ISR CTO (n = 164) versus de novo CTO (n = 1208) were enrolled from three centers in Korea between January 2008 and December 2014. Among a total of ISR CTO, a proportion of DES ISR CTO was 79.3% (n = 130). The primary outcome was major adverse cardiac events (MACEs); a composite of all-cause death, non-fatal myocardial infarction (MI), or target lesion revascularization (TLR). Following propensity score-matching (1:3), the ISR CTO group (n = 156) had a higher success rate (84.6% vs. 76.0%, p = 0.035), mainly driven by high success rate of PCI for DES ISR CTO (88.6%), but showed a higher incidence of MACEs [hazard ratio (HR): 2.06; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.37–3.09; p < 0.001], mainly driven by higher prevalence of MI [HR: 9.71; 95% CI 2.06–45.81; p = 0.004] and TLR [HR: 3.04; 95% CI 1.59–5.81; p = 0.001], during 5 years of follow-up after successful revascularization, as compared to the de novo CTO group (n = 408).

Conclusion
The procedural success rate was higher in the ISR CTO than the de novo CTO, especially in DES ISR CTO. However, irrespective of successful revascularization, the long-term clinical outcomes for the ISR CTO were significantly worse than those for the de novo CTO, in terms of MI and TLR.

Graphic abstract
Impact of the malicious input data modification on the efficiency of quantum spatial search
Authors: Glos Adam , Miszczak Jarosław Adam 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
In this paper, we demonstrate that the efficiency of quantum spatial search can be significantly altered by malicious manipulation of the input data in the client–server model. We achieve this by exploiting exceptional configuration effect on Szegedy spatial search and proposing a framework suitable for analysing efficiency of attacks on quantum search algorithms. We provide the analysis of proposed attacks for different models of random graphs. The obtained results demonstrate that quantum algorithms in general are not secure against input data alteration.
The Rise and Fall of Regulatory Competition in Corporate Insolvency Law in the European Union
Authors: Eidenmüller Horst 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
In this article, I discuss the rise and fall of regulatory competition in corporate insolvency law in the European Union. The rise is closely associated with the European Insolvency Regulation (EIR, 2002), and it is well documented. The UK has emerged as the ‘market leader’, especially for corporate restructurings. The fall is about to happen, triggered by a combination of factors: the recasting of the EIR (2017), the European Restructuring Directive (ERD, 2019) and Brexit (2019). The UK will lose its dominant market position. I present evidence to support this hypothesis.
Super-Earth masses sculpted by pebble isolation around stars of different masses
Authors: Liu Beibei , Lambrechts Michiel , Johansen Anders , Liu Fan 
Published: September 2019

We developed a pebble-driven core accretion model to study the formation and evolution of planets around stars in the stellar mass range of 0.08 M⊙–1 M⊙. By Monte Carlo sampling of the initial conditions, the growth and migration of a large number of individual protoplanetary embryos were simulated in a population synthesis manner. We tested two hypotheses for the birth locations of embryos: at the water ice line or log-uniformly distributed over entire protoplanetary disks. Two types of disks with different turbulent viscous parametersαtof 10−3and 10−4are also investigated to shed light on the role of outward migration of protoplanets. The forming planets are compared with the observed exoplanets in terms of mass, semimajor axis, metallicity, and water content. We find that gas giant planets are likely to form when the characteristic disk sizes are larger, the disk accretion rates are higher, the disks are more metal rich, and/or their stellar hosts are more massive. Our model shows that first, the characteristic mass of super-Earth is set by the pebble isolation mass. Super-Earth masses increase linearly with the mass of its stellar host, which corresponds to one Earth mass around a late M-dwarf star and 20 Earth masses around a solar-mass star. Second, the low-mass planets, up to 20 M⊕, can form around stars with a wide range of metallicities, while massive gas giant planets are preferred to grow around metal rich stars. Third, super-Earth planets that are mainly composed of silicates, with relatively low water fractions, can form from protoplanetary embryos at the water ice line in weakly turbulent disks where outward migration is suppressed. However, if the embryos are formed over a wide range of radial distances, the super-Earths would end up having a distinctive, bimodal composition in water mass. Altogether, our model succeeds in quantitatively reproducing several important observed properties of exoplanets and correlations with their stellar hosts.
Management of Postoperative Neurosurgical Patients
Authors: Chauhan Rajeev , Bloria Summit Dev , Luthra Ankur 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe patient profile undergoing neurosurgery varies from neonates to elderly, and from patients undergoing elective surgery to patients undergoing emergency surgeries. The goals of postoperative management include prevention of secondary brain injury and taking care of the major organ systems till the time patient recovers from the primary insult. Postsurgery, patients may be shifted to a neurosurgical intensive care unit or managed in a neurosurgical ward. As a general rule, all patients should be nursed 30-degree head up. We will be discussing the basic principles of postoperative management of neurosurgical patients.
The inventory structure of Person in the Chinese dialect of Puxian
Authors: Wu Jianming 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
One way to classify person systems across languages is by means of the semantic category of person and/or number, where person forms, with distinct referential values, are supposed to be in complementary distribution to each other. However, when we look into some finer details in a language-particular person system, i.e. that of the Puxian dialect in Chinese, there are person forms or expressions that are engaged in supplementary distribution and have meanings beyond what is literally said (Grice 1989). Different from previous approaches, which tended to analyze a person system into separate domains of study, e.g. reflexivity, intensification, logophoricity, empathy, etc., the author proposes that all the person-related meanings (semantics & pragmatics) constitute a “function inventory”, which has a stable structure called “inventory structure”. In the structure, each of the overtly expressed person meanings is assigned to a choice of node, from which multiple outcomes can be developed. The significance of this approach is that it tries to circumvent some pre-established categories and focuses instead on meaningful differences in a system (Sausurre 1983).
Nuclear Astrophysics deep underground and the LUNA experiment
Authors: Depalo Rosanna 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The cross sections of nuclear reactions relevant for astrophysics are crucial ingredients to understand the energy generation inside stars and the synthesis of the elements. In stars, nuclear reactions take place at energies well below the Coulomb barrier. As a result, their cross sections are often too small to be measured in laboratories on the Earth’s surface, where the signal would be overwhelmed by the cosmic-ray induced background. An effective way to suppress the cosmic-ray induced background is to perform experiments in underground laboratories. LUNA is a unique facility located at Gran Sasso National Laboratories (Italy) and devoted to Nuclear Astrophysics. The extremely low background achieved at LUNA allows to measure nuclear cross sections directly at the energies of astrophysical interest. Over the years, many crucial reactions involved in stellar hydrogen burning as well as Big Bang Nucleosynthesis have been measured at LUNA. This paper provides a short overview on underground Nuclear Astrophysics and discusses the latest results and future perspectives of the LUNA experiment.
Theoretical approaches to the 3α break-up of 12C
Authors: Smith Robin , Bishop Jack , Wheldon Carl , Kokalova Tzany 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Two recent experiments have indicated that the break-up of the 12C Hoyle state is dominated by the sequential 8Be(g.s.) + α decay channel. The rare direct 3α decay was found to contribute with a branching ratio of less than 0.047% (95% C.L.). However, the ability of experimentalists to successfully disentangle these two competing decay channels relies on accurate theoretical predictions of how they each manifest in phase space distribution of the three break-up α-particles. The following paper reviews the current theoretical approaches to calculating the break-up of the Hoyle state and introduces a semi-classical WKB approach, which adequately reproduces the results of more sophisticated calculations. It is proposed that a more accurate upper limit on this branching ratio may be obtained if these new theoretical results are taken into account when analysing experimental data.
Foot shock stress generates persistent widespread hypersensitivity and anhedonic behavior in an anxiety-prone strain of mice
Authors: Wu Pau Yen , Yang Xiaofang , Wright Douglas E. , Christianson Julie A. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
A significant subset of patients with urologic chronic pelvic pain syndrome suffer from widespread, as well as pelvic, pain and experience mood-related disorders, including anxiety, depression, and panic disorder. Stress is a commonly reported trigger for symptom onset and exacerbation within these patients. The link between stress and pain is believed to arise, in part, from the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis, which regulates the response to stress and can influence the perception of pain. Previous studies have shown that stress exposure in anxiety-prone rats can induce both pelvic and widespread hypersensitivity. Here, we exposed female A/J mice, an anxiety-prone inbred murine strain, to 10 days of foot shock stress to determine stress-induced effects on sensitivity, anhedonia, and hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis regulation and output. At 1 and 28 days after foot shock, A/J mice displayed significantly increased bladder sensitivity and hind paw mechanical allodynia. They also displayed anhedonic behavior, measured as reduced nest building scores and a decrease in sucrose preference during the 10-day foot shock exposure. Serum corticosterone was significantly increased at 1 day after foot shock, and bladder mast cell degranulation rates were similarly high in both sham- and shock-exposed mice. Bladder cytokine and growth factor mRNA levels indicated a persistent shift toward a proinflammatory environment after foot shock exposure. Together, these data suggest that chronic stress exposure in an anxiety-prone mouse strain may provide a useful translational model for understanding mechanisms that contribute to widespreadness of pain and increased comorbidity in a subset of patients with urologic chronic pelvic pain syndrome.
Substrate recognition by the Pseudomonas aeruginosa EF-Tu methyltransferase EftM
Authors: Kuiper Emily G. , Dey Debayan , LaMore Paige A. , Owings Joshua P. , Prezioso Samantha M. , Goldberg Joanna B. , Conn Graeme L. 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACTPseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen and a leading cause of serious infections in individuals with cystic fibrosis, compromised immune systems, and severe burns. During infection, P. aeruginosa adhesion to host epithelial cells is enhanced by surface exposed translation elongation factor EF-Tu carrying a Lys5 trimethylation. This modification is incorporated by the S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent methyltransferase EftM. Thus, EF-Tu modification by EftM may represent a novel target to restrict the establishment of P. aeruginosa infections in vulnerable individuals. Here, we extend our understanding of EftM action by defining the molecular mechanism of EF-Tu substrate recognition by this enzyme. First, following the observation that EftM can bind to EF-Tu lacking an N-terminal peptide (encompassing the Lys5 target site), an EftM homology model was generated and used in protein-protein docking studies to predict EftM:EF-Tu interactions. The predicted protein-protein interface was then experimentally validated using site-directed mutagenesis of residues in both proteins coupled with binding and methyltransferase activity assays. We also show that EftM is unable to methylate the isolated N-terminal EF-Tu peptide and that binding-induced conformational changes in EftM are likely needed to allow placement of the first 5-6 amino acids of EF-Tu into the conserved peptide binding channel. In this channel, a group of residues that are highly conserved in EftM family proteins position the N-terminal sequence to facilitate modification of Lys5. Our findings provide detailed insights into substrate recognition by this lysine methyltransferase, paving the way for a deeper understanding of EftM’s mechanism of action on EF-Tu.
Animals exhibit personality traits in their movement: a case study on location trajectories of primates
Authors: Morita Takashi , Toyoda Aru , Aisu Seitaro , Kaneko Akihisa , Suda-Hashimoto Naoko , Matsuda Ikki , Koda Hiroki 
Published: September 2019

AbstractResearching individual recognition (IR) is essential to understand the life history and adaptive behavior of social animals. Investigation of personality traits may also provide insights into how social animals distinguish between different individuals. This study investigates IR behavior in Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata), focusing on one specific trait, which is movement. Using a recently developed tracking system based on Bluetooth® Low Energy beacons, we collected three-dimensional (3D) location data from five Japanese macaques living in a group cage. A non-parametric, neural network-based analysis of the data revealed the existence of personality traits in extremely limited aspects of the movement data (2-min trajectory of 3D location). Our results support the validity of multimodal approaches in studying IR, beyond the typical single-frame face recognition method, both for researchers and animal agents.
The lipid kinase PI3Kα is required for the cohesion and survival of cancer cells disseminated in serous cavities
Authors: Thibault B , Thole A , Basset C , Guillermet-Guibert J 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBreast, ovarian, digestive and lung adenocarcinomas are often associated with the accumulation of malignant cells in serous cavities. As PI3K is one of the most mutated pathways in cancer, we investigated the importance of oncogenic PI3Kα in this process. We analyzed tumor cell organization in ascites from carcinomas at diagnosis. In some malignant ascites, tumor cells grew as adhesive coherent masses. Ex-vivo patient-derived cell cultures with the addition of mesenchymal stem cells, as a model of tumoral stroma, favored the compaction of tumorospheres. Ascites-derived ovarian cancer cell lines frequently harbored PIK3CA mutations coexisting with other mutations. PI3Kα promoted the formation and maintenance of multicellular adhesive PIK3CA-mutant spheroids, promoting cell survival. Cultures in 3D conditions as opposed to cultures in cell monolayers increased chemotherapy resistance, which was overcome by PI3Kα inhibition. We identified a signaling pathway of interest for the treatment of cancer cells disseminated in serous cavities, limiting cancer progression.Graphical abstractSchematic representation of PI3Kα involvement in tumor cell aggregates from ascites. 1) Known involvement of PI3Kα in primary ovarian tumors. 2) PI3Kα participates in tumorosphere formation within the peritoneum (treatment with PI3Kα inhibitors causes a delay in the formation of clusters). 3) PI3Kα participates in the maintenance of tumorospheres and in resistance to conventional treatment for peritoneal carcinomatosis. PI3Kα is a target to prevent transcoelomic dissemination and maintenance of tumorospheres in patients with ovarian cancer.