bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Climate effects and bottom‐up controls on growth and size‐at‐age of Pacific halibut (Hippoglossus stenolepis) in Alaska (USA)
Authors: Holsman Kirstin K. , Aydin Kerim , Sullivan Jane , Hurst Tom , Kruse Gordon H. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractPacific halibut (Hippoglossus stenolepis) are an ecologically, commercially, and culturally important Alaskan groundfish species. Commercial harvest of halibut dates back to the late 19th century and has been managed by the International Pacific Halibut Commission (IPHC) since 1921. IPHC surveys have revealed declining trends in survey biomass in multiple regions and region‐specific declines in mean size‐at‐age (size‐at‐age) over the past two decades (>50% in some areas). Changes in size‐at‐age can arise from a variety of physical, ecological, sampling, and fishery effects, including size‐dependent fishery or predation mortality, alteration in growth from variability in prey quality or quantity, and changes in temperature‐dependent metabolic demands. Here, we develop and apply a bioenergetics model for halibut using survey‐based diet and temperature data for Alaska to evaluate potential environmental drivers of size‐at‐age. In general, juvenile (<40 cm fork length) foraging rates were highest in the Gulf of Alaska concomitant with higher potential growth and elevated basal metabolic demands during warm summer conditions. In contrast, adult (40–120 cm FL) potential growth was highest in the Eastern Bering Sea, potentially reflecting lower metabolic costs and higher rates of prey consumption in that region. We additionally find evidence for interannual variation in potential growth, with a higher frequency of reduced growth potential in the last decade, particularly in the Eastern Bering Sea in 2015 and 2016 for both juvenile and adult halibut. These results suggest the potential for patterns in size‐at‐age to arise from trophic and environmental constraints that collectively limit growth in some regions and years.
Environmental heterogeneity and dispersal limitation explain different aspects of β‐diversity in Neotropical fish assemblages
Authors: Peláez Oscar , Pavanelli Carla Simone 
Published: December 2018

AbstractFrom a metacommunity perspective, patterns of β‐diversity emerge from the interplay between spatial and environmental processes. For obligate aquatic dispersers, river network constraints can be reflected in diversity patterns.Here, we aimed to determine the effects of environmental heterogeneity and spatial connectivity on β‐diversity components. We sampled fish assemblages in 21 sites across a longitudinal gradient. Beta‐diversity for taxonomic and functional composition among sites was decomposed into its turnover and nestedness components. We investigated whether environment was more important to functional β‐diversity and spatial factors had a higher contribution to dissimilarity in species composition. Further, we tested whether environmentally homogeneous sites with higher spatial connectivity showed lower compositional changes.We found that spatial factors were more important for taxonomic β‐diversity, whereas environment explained functional dissimilarity among habitats. Although environment and spatial factors contribute to total β‐diversity, they explained different components: while environment explained a higher portion of turnover, spatial factors were related to nestedness. The effects of mere spatial isolation and directional connectivity differed for species and functional β‐diversity and for the components of β‐diversity. Including directionality in spatial connectivity enabled the explanation of a higher proportion of variation of total species β‐diversity and its turnover.Our results suggest that niche and spatial processes may influence differently taxonomic and functional β‐diversity components. Thus, habitat filtering was the primary mechanism affecting functional diversity and species turnover, whereas spatial connectivity drove species nestedness.
Associations of social frailty with loss of muscle mass and muscle weakness among community‐dwelling older adults
Authors: Makizako Hyuma , Kubozono Takuro , Kiyama Ryoji , Takenaka Toshihiro , Kuwahata So , Tabira Takayuki , Kanoya Tsutomu , Horinouchi Kouko , Shimada Hiroyuki , Ohishi Mitsuru 
Published: December 2018

AimThe present cross‐sectional study examined the associations of social frailty status with loss of muscle mass and weakness among community‐dwelling older adults.MethodsData from 353 older adults (74.8% women) who had participated in a community‐based health check survey (Tarumizu Study) were analyzed. Social frailty was defined using responses to five questions (going out less frequently, rarely visiting friends, feeling unhelpful to friends or family, living alone and not talking with someone every day). Participants with two or more components were considered socially frail. We assessed appendicular skeletal muscle mass using bioelectrical impedance analysis and calculated appendicular skeletal muscle index. Dominant handgrip strength was assessed. Loss of skeletal muscle mass (appendicular skeletal muscle index <7.0 kg/m2 for men, <5.7 kg/m2 for women) and muscle weakness (handgrip strength <26 kg for men, <18 kg for women) were determined based on the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia criteria.ResultsThe prevalence of social frailty was 14.7%. A higher prevalence of muscle weakness and loss of skeletal muscle mass in participants with social frailty was shown than in those without (muscle weakness 44.2% vs 23.6%, P ≤ 0.05; loss of skeletal muscle mass 59.6% vs 46.2%, P = 0.07). Social frailty was independently associated with muscle weakness (odds ratio 2.04, 95% confidence interval 1.06–3.95), but not with loss of skeletal muscle mass (odds ratio 1.47, 95% confidence interval 0.78–2.76) after adjusting for covariates.ConclusionsSocial frailty status could be associated with muscle weakness, though not a loss of skeletal muscle mass. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2019; 19: 76–80.
Acute liver failure due to severe Herpes simplex viral hepatitis in an elderly woman: A case of initial infection
Authors: Suda Tsuyoshi , Hodo Yuji , Shirota Yukihiro , Ogawa Haruhiko , Sato Katsuaki , Wakabayashi Tokio 
Published: December 2018

The high mortality rate due to severe Herpes simplex viral (HSV) hepatitis is associated with the difficulty of its diagnosis. We describe the extremely rapid disease course of a patient who died of severe HSV hepatitis.A 73‐year‐old woman was admitted for a bronchial asthma attack. Her symptoms improved with steroid treatment, but she developed a sore throat and painful swallowing. On day 12 after admission, she suddenly went into shock. Blood test results showed a significant increase in the liver enzyme levels, with remarkable disseminated intravascular coagulation. She died the same day.The autopsy revealed extensive coagulative necrosis of the liver. Viral inclusion of type A Cowdry bodies was found in the residual hepatocytes in the hepatic lobule. Immunostaining revealed HSV type 1 positivity. We diagnosed the cause of death as severe HSV hepatitis. On examination of a stored serum sample, the patient tested positive for the HSV immunoglobulin (Ig)‐M antibody, and the HSV RNA level was very high (1 × 109 copies/mL). Remarkably, the HSV IgG test result was negative, and we diagnosed her as having had an initial HSV infection.Hepatitis due to HSV is very rare in healthy adults; however, there are many reports of immune‐deficient cases. The presence of HSV IgG is decreasing in the elderly population because of the change in living environments/lifestyles. The increasing use of immunosuppressive drugs, such as steroids, for treating diseases in elderly patients could be linked to the increased prevalence of initial HSV infections, resulting in liver injury.
Updates in endourological management of urolithiasis
Authors: Li Joseph KM , Teoh Jeremy YC , Ng Chi‐Fai 
Published: December 2018

AbstractUrinary stone disease, or urolithiasis, is a very common disease with increasing prevalence and incidence. With the advancement of endoscopic techniques, the treatment outcomes of ureteroscopy (or transureteral lithotripsy) and percutaneous nephrolithotomy are continuously improving. In recent years, there have been many new developments in the field, including new endoscopy design, more effective auxiliary tools, improvement in treatment protocols, introduction of robotic technology, combining both ureteroscopy and percutaneous nephrolithotomy (endoscopic combined intrarenal surgery or transureteral lithotripsy‐assisted percutaneous nephrolithotomy), improvement in laser technology, and so on. All these new inputs will further improve the treatment efficacy and safety of the procedures, thus benefiting our patients. In the present review, we briefly go through the main steps of ureteroscopy and percutaneous nephrolithotomy, with a concise description and application of these new advances.
Quand les frontières se brouillent: le télétravail et son incidence sur le fonctionnement familial, dans un exemple australien
Authors: DOCKERY Alfred M. , BAWA Sherry 
Published: December 2018

RésuméLes auteurs analysent l'effet du télétravail (effectué depuis le domicile) sur le fonctionnement familial en se fondant sur les vagues 2001–2013 d'une enquête australienne auprès des ménages (enquête HILDA), plus précisément sur les réponses fournies par le partenaire du télétravailleur. L'analyse, qui repose sur quarante‐huit modèles multivariés, établit à certains égards l'effet bénéfique du télétravail sur les relations intrafamiliales et le partage des responsabilités en présence d'enfants. Les externalités négatives mises en évidence sont limitées et surviennent surtout lorsque c'est l'homme qui travaille – beaucoup – depuis le domicile. Globalement, l'analyse confirme les résultats des études précédentes selon lesquelles le télétravail faciliterait la conciliation travail‐vie personnelle.
Murine myeloid‐derived suppressor cells are a source of elevated levels of interleukin‐27 in early life and compromise control of bacterial infection
Authors: Gleave Parson Madeline , Grimmett Juanita , Vance Jordan K , Witt Michelle R , Seman Brittany G , Rawson Travis W , Lyda Logan , Labuda Christopher , Jung Joo‐Yong , Bradford Shelby D , Robinson Cory M 
Published: December 2018

AbstractMicrobial infections early in life remain a major cause of infant mortality worldwide. This is consistent with immune deficiencies in this population. Interleukin (IL)‐27 is suppressive toward a variety of immune cell types, and we have shown that the production of IL‐27 is elevated in humans and mice early in life. We hypothesize that elevated levels of IL‐27 oppose protective responses to infection during the neonatal period. In this study, we extended previous findings in neonatal mice to identify a population of IL‐27 producers that express Gr‐1 and were further identified as myeloid‐derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) based on the expression of surface markers and functional studies. In neonates, MDSCs are more abundant and contribute to the elevated pool of IL‐27 in this population. Although the ability of MDSCs to regulate T lymphocyte activation has been well‐studied, sparingly few studies have investigated the influence of MDSCs on innate immune function during bacterial infection. We demonstrate that macrophages are impaired in their ability to control growth of Escherichia coli when cocultured with MDSCs. This bacterium is a significant concern for neonates as a common cause of bacterial sepsis and meningitis. The suppressive effect of MDSCs on macrophage function is mediated by IL‐27; inclusion of a reagent to neutralize IL‐27 promotes improved control of bacterial growth. Taken together, these results suggest that the increased abundance of MDSCs may contribute to early life susceptibility to infection and further highlight production of IL‐27 as a novel MDSC mechanism to suppress immunity.
The R132H mutation in IDH1 promotes the recruitment of NK cells through CX3CL1/CX3CR1 chemotaxis and is correlated with a better prognosis in gliomas
Authors: Ren Feifei , Zhao Qitai , Huang Lan , Zheng Yujia , Li Lifeng , He Qianyi , Zhang Chaoqi , Li Feng , Maimela Nomathamsanqa R , Sun Zhi , Jia Qingquan , Ping Yu , Zhang Zhen , Chen Xinfeng , Yue Ying , Liu Shasha , Cao Ling , Zhang Yi 
Published: December 2018

AbstractMutations in the isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) 1 gene, especially the R132H mutation, have been reported to be associated with a better prognosis in glioma patients. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms are not yet well understood. Many factors may contribute to differences in the survival of IDH1 wild‐type and IDH1 mutant glioma patients, in which immune components play a potentially important role. In this study, we analyzed The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), and the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) databases, as well as glioma patient‐derived tumor samples. We found that there was a higher infiltration of natural killer (NK) cells in IDH1 mutant glioma patients, and this was correlated with a better prognosis. We also showed that IDH1‐R132 tumor cells had higher expression levels of the chemokine CX3CL1. This arises as a result of the conversion of α‐ketoglutarate to R(‐)‐2‐hydroxyglutarate by the IDH1 mutant and the resultant phosphorylation of nuclear factor kappa B. Knockdown of CX3CL1 decreased the migration of NK cells. In addition, the high levels of expression of CX3CL1 were positively correlated with glioma patient survival in the TCGA and CGGA databases, and in the clinical samples. Overall, our data have identified a novel mechanism in which R132H mutation of the IDH1 gene serves as a tumor suppressor by promoting the recruitment of NK cells through CX3CL1/CX3CR1 chemotaxis.
The transition from patient to mental health peer worker: A grounded theory approach
Authors: Debyser Bart , Berben Kevin , Beeckman Dimitri , Deproost Eddy , Van Hecke Ann , Verhaeghe Sofie 
Published: December 2018

AbstractPeer workers are increasingly being engaged in contemporary mental healthcare. To become a peer worker, patients must evolve from having a patient identity to a peer worker identity. This study aims to understand how mental health peer workers experience their transition and how it affects their view of themselves and their direct working context. A grounded theory approach was used. Seventeen mental health peer workers in Belgium were recruited through theoretical sampling. Semi‐structured interviews were conducted and analysed according to the constant comparative method. The results indicate that novice peer workers experience peer work as an opportunity to liberate themselves from the process of mental suffering and realise an acceptable form of personal self‐maintenance. As peer workers become more experienced, they are confronted with external factors that influence their self‐maintenance and personal development. Experiencing clarity in their duties and responsibilities, equality, and transparency in the workplace reinforce their experience of self‐maintenance and positively influence their self‐development. Experiencing a lack of clarity in their duties and responsibilities, inequality, and lack of openness discourage peer workers’ self‐development process. These experiences challenge their personal motivations to become peer workers, which are usually linked to building a meaningful life for themselves. The insights can encourage organisations to build up a supportive environment collaboratively with peer workers and ensure that peer workers can exert their authentically unique role in mental healthcare.
Foreign Investors and Stock Price Crash Risk: Evidence from Vietnam
Authors: Vo Xuan Vinh 
Published: December 2018

AbstractExamining stock price crash risk in emerging economies is important since emerging equity markets are characterized by excessive volatility and weak corporate governance. This paper investigates the association between foreign ownership and crash risk using a data sample of firms listed on the Ho Chi Minh City Stock Exchange over the period 2007–2015. Employing a number of econometric techniques for panel data analysis, the paper shows that foreign investors are positively associated with future stock price crash risk. Importantly, this finding highlights the critical problem of information asymmetry in emerging markets. This paper has strong implications for portfolio investment and risk management. The paper is also relevant for financial market supervisory body in maintaining safe and sound financial markets.
Self‐transcendence, caring and their associations with well‐being
Authors: Hwang Huei‐Lih , Tu Chin‐Tang , Chan Hui‐Shan 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAimsTo examine the relationship between nursing staffs’ self‐transcendence and well‐being in long‐term care facilities and to investigate the mediating role of caring behaviours in the aforementioned relationship.BackgroundFactors associated with the well‐being of healthcare providers influence the quality of care delivered. Although an increasing number of studies have shed light on the relationship between self‐transcendence and subjective well‐being, little is known of the mediating effect of caring behaviour in this relationship.DesignThe cross‐sectional design applied in this study included a questionnaire survey of long‐term care facilities.MethodsStructural equation modelling with maximum likelihood estimation was used for empirical analysis of survey data obtained from 276 nurses and nurse‐aids in 55 long‐term care facilities. A bootstrapping method was used to analyse mediating effects.ResultsTests of the measurement model and hypothesized model showed an adequate goodness of fit to the sample data. The results showed that nursing staffs’ self‐transcendence was related to their caring behaviours and well‐being. Moreover, caring behaviours partially mediated the relationship between self‐transcendence and well‐being.ConclusionOur findings provide insight into the influence of self‐transcendence and caring behaviours on the well‐being of nursing staffs in long‐term care settings. Further studies are needed to clarify the role of circumstances national wide.
Impact of a peer virtual community on pregnant women's well‐being: A repeated‐measure and quasi‐experimental study
Authors: Wu Wan‐Ru , Hung Chich‐Hsiu 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAimTo investigate the effects of a virtual community on pregnant women's well‐being.BackgroundThe virtual social network has been growing rapidly but its effects remain unclear.DesignA repeated‐measure and quasi‐experimental study.MethodsWe designed a closed Facebook community for peer‐to‐peer interaction with no mediator. A total of 121 pregnant women were assigned to either experimental or control group. Data were collected from May 2012–January 2015 using five instruments related to pregnant women's well‐being.ResultsSignificant differences on pregnant women's well‐being were not found between groups. However, higher adherence to the virtual community was significantly related to first‐time pregnant women and women whose pregnancy was assisted by a technology treatment.ConclusionsNurses and midwifes are recommended to pay more attentions on first‐time pregnant women and women whose pregnancy was assisted by a technology treatment regarding their pregnancy‐related concerns.Trial registration numberClinicalTrials.gov NCT03692923.
How to improve the quality of life of elderly people with intellectual disability: A systematic literature review of support strategies
Authors: Schepens Hadewych R. M. M. , Van Puyenbroeck Joris , Maes Bea 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBackgroundThe increased life expectancy of people with intellectual disability intensifies the need for age‐specific support. Research on effects of support strategies on quality of life (QoL) of these people remains scattered.MethodsA systematic search of peer‐reviewed publications since 1995 was performed, with participants having intellectual disability and being aged ≥50 years. Studies include experimental, observational and exploratory designs, analysing links between support strategies and QoL outcomes. The present authors adopted a narrative approach.ResultsThe present authors found 73 articles, assessed their quality, thematically categorized interventions into 12 themes, and listed them with their stated relationships to QoL.ConclusionsThe studies indicated the importance of funding, provision and organization of services/personnel, education, and cooperation among different support systems. The provision of good housing or activities, support when these provisions change, provision of (mental) health care, dementia care and end‐of‐life care, life story work, future planning and support for (I)ADLs are crucial.
Effects of winsorization: The cases of forecasting non‐GAAP and GAAP earnings
Authors: Brownen‐Trinh Ruby 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThis study examines how the winsorization procedure affects the performance of regression‐based earnings forecasting models. I find that the impact is multifaceted and depends principally on three factors: the level of data errors in the tails, the characteristics of firms affected by the process, and the use of scaling. For a non‐GAAP earnings yield specification, where data input errors exist, winsorization changes the information set in a non‐systematic way and helps to improve the performance of regression‐based forecasts, especially when the least squares estimator is employed. However, for a non‐GAAP earnings per share specification, with fewer data input errors found in the tails of the distribution, winsorization has a particularly strong effect on very large companies, lowering the economic value of earnings predictions. I observe similar results for corresponding GAAP earnings specifications. Robust estimators, such as least absolute deviation, high breakdown‐point and Theil‐Sen, appear to be a more effective solution than winsorization. Their earnings forecasts consistently yield significant positive abnormal returns across non‐GAAP and GAAP earnings specifications.
Efficacy of caries and gingivitis prevention strategies among children and adolescents with intellectual disabilities: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Zhou N. , Wong H. M. , Wen Y. F. , McGrath C. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBackgroundDental caries and periodontal diseases are the most common oral diseases among human beings. Individuals with intellectual disabilities (IDs) have poor oral health and limited access to dental care. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of strategies in caries and gingivitis prevention among children and adolescents with ID.MethodsFour electronic databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science and Scopus) were searched from their commencement date to 17 April 2017. Randomised or non‐randomised controlled trials evaluating the efficacy of interventions in caries and gingivitis prevention were included if the participants were children and adolescents with ID. Gingival index and caries experiences were reported in the format of mean difference and standard error. Meta‐analysis was conducted if data could be pooled from two or more studies using similar outcome measurements and intervention.ResultsA total of 1455 articles published in English were identified. Fourteen studies formed the basis of qualitative analysis; six studies were feasible to perform quantitative analysis. Meta‐analysis favoured fluoride to placebo in caries prevention [Z = 2.02, P < 0.05, 95% CI: −0.71 (−1.40, −0.02)], while the effectiveness of chlorhexidine remained elusive.ConclusionsBoth mechanical and chemical approaches had been applied to caries and gingivitis prevention among children and adolescents with ID. Insufficient evidence supported the efficacy of chlorhexidine nor powered toothbrush, while fluoride was suggested to be an effective caries preventive strategy in fluoride‐deficient areas. More well‐designed randomised controlled trials using integration strategies are encouraged in further studies.