bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vagus nerve stimulation modulates the cranial trigeminal autonomic reflex
Authors: Möller Maike , Schroeder Celina F. , May Arne 
Published: October 2018

ObjectiveThe trigeminal autonomic reflex plays an important role in primary headache syndromes. Noninvasive vagal nerve stimulation (nVNS) may be an effective modulator of this reflex.MethodsTwenty‐two healthy volunteers underwent kinetic oscillation stimulation (KOS) of the left nostril as a reliable trigger of the trigeminal autonomic reflex. Previous to KOS, left cervical nVNS, sham simulation, or no stimulation was applied. Lacrimation was quantified using the standardized Schirmer ll test.ResultsTreatment with cervical nVNS significantly reduced lacrimation between no stimulation and nVNS on the ipsilateral side (minute 5: p = 0.026, ηp2 = 0.85, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.39–18.04; no stimulation: minute 5, 14.4 ± 9.3 mm; nVNS: minute 5, 4.7 ± 8.6 mm, mean ± standard deviation) as well as between sham stimulation and nVNS (minute 5: p = 0.030, ηp2 = 0.85, 95% CI = 1.04–17.24; sham: minute 5, 13.9 ± 6.4 mm). On the contralateral side, no significant increase between baseline and KOS was observed for nVNS (minute 5: p = 0.614, d = 0.12, 95% CI = −7.09 to 4.31; minute 5, 1.4 ± 11.5 mm) compared to both sham stimulation (minute 5: p = 0.023, d = 0.57, 95% CI = −11.46 to −0.96; minute 5, 6.2 ± 10.9 mm) and no stimulation (minute 5: p < 0.030, d = 0.62, 95% CI = −13.45 to −0.81; minute 5, 7.1 ± 11.4 mm).InterpretationCervical nVNS resulted in a robust bilateral reduction of provoked lacrimation. This effect could be mediated either by direct bilateral activation of structures such as the nucleus of the solitary tract or by a top‐down modulation via the hypothalamus. Ann Neurol 2018;84:886–892
Dinuclear Metal Synergistic Catalysis Boosts Photochemical CO2‐to‐CO Conversion
Authors: Ouyang Ting , Wang Hong‐Juan , Huang Hai‐Hua , Wang Jia‐Wei , Guo Song , Liu Wen‐Ju , Zhong Di‐Chang , Lu Tong‐Bu 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe solar‐driven CO2 reduction is a challenge in the field of “artificial photosynthesis”, as most catalysts display low activity and selectivity for CO2 reduction in water‐containing reaction systems as a result of competitive proton reduction. Herein, we report a dinuclear heterometallic complex, [CoZn(OH)L1](ClO4)3 (CoZn), which shows extremely high photocatalytic activity and selectivity for CO2 reduction in water/acetonitrile solution. It achieves a selectivity of 98 % for CO2‐to‐CO conversion, with TON and TOF values of 65000 and 1.8 s−1, respectively, 4, 19, and 45‐fold higher than the values of corresponding dinuclear homometallic [CoCo(OH)L1](ClO4)3 (CoCo), [ZnZn(OH)L1](ClO4)3 (ZnZn), and mononuclear [CoL2(CH3CN)](ClO4)2 (Co), respectively, under the same conditions. The increased photocatalytic performance of CoZn is due to the enhanced dinuclear metal synergistic catalysis (DMSC) effect between ZnII and CoII, which dramatically lowers the activation barriers of both transition states of CO2 reduction.
Manganese‐Catalyzed Dual‐Deoxygenative Coupling of Primary Alcohols with 2‐Arylethanols
Authors: Wang Yujie , Shao Zhihui , Zhang Kun , Liu Qiang 
Published: October 2018

AbstractReported herein is a general and efficient dual‐deoxygenative coupling of primary alcohols with 2‐arylethanols catalyzed by a well‐defined Mn/PNP pincer complex. This reaction is the first example of the catalytic dual‐deoxygenation of alcohols using a non‐noble‐metal catalyst. Both deoxygenative homocoupling of 2‐arylethanols (17 examples) and their deoxygenative cross‐coupling with other primary alcohols (20 examples) proceeded smoothly to form the corresponding alkenes by a dehydrogenation and deformylation reaction sequence.
Evolution of Hindlimb Muscle Anatomy Across the Tetrapod Water‐to‐Land Transition, Including Comparisons With Forelimb Anatomy
Authors: Molnar Julia L. , Diogo Rui , Hutchinson John R. , Pierce Stephanie E. 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACTTetrapod limbs are a key innovation implicated in the evolutionary success of the clade. Although musculoskeletal evolution of the pectoral appendage across the fins‐to‐limbs transition is fairly well documented, that of the pelvic appendage is much less so. The skeletal elements of the pelvic appendage in some tetrapodomorph fish and the earliest tetrapods are relatively smaller and/or qualitatively less similar to those of crown tetrapods than those of the pectoral appendage. However, comparative and developmental works have suggested that the musculature of the tetrapod forelimb and hindlimb was initially very similar, constituting a “similarity bottleneck” at the fins‐to‐limbs transition. Here, we used extant phylogenetic bracketing and phylogenetic character optimization to reconstruct pelvic appendicular muscle anatomy in several key taxa spanning the fins‐to‐limbs and water‐to‐land transitions. Our results support the hypothesis that transformation of the pelvic appendages from fin‐like to limb‐like lagged behind that of the pectoral appendages. Compared to similar reconstructions of the pectoral appendages, the pelvic appendages of the earliest tetrapods had fewer muscles, particularly in the distal limb (shank). In addition, our results suggest that the first tetrapods had a greater number of muscle‐muscle topological correspondences between the pectoral and pelvic appendages than tetrapodomorph fish had. However, ancestral crown‐group tetrapods appear to have had an even greater number of similar muscles (both in terms of number and as a percentage of the total number of muscles), indicating that the main topological similarity bottleneck between the paired appendages may have occurred at the origin of the tetrapod crown group. Anat Rec, 2018. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Anat Rec, 303:218–234, 2020. © 2018 American Association for Anatomy
An Improved NGS Library Construction Approach Using DNA Isolated from Human Cancer Formalin‐Fixed Paraffin‐Embedded Samples
Authors: Zhang Chunze , Wang Yijia , Hu Xia , Qin Litao , Yin Tingting , Fu Wenzheng , Fan Guanwei , Zhang Heng , Liu Guang , Jiang Zhi , Zhang Xipeng , Li Xichuan 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACTIdentification of genomic alterations from formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded (FFPE) samples using next‐generation sequencing (NGS) is very important for cancer‐targeted therapy today. To achieve a higher efficiency and shorter turn‐around time for NGS library preparation, here, we compared NGS library preparation processes and outcomes with three commercial library construction methods and two hybridization capture methods thus, developed an improved NGS library construction approach. This improved approach took advantage of both methods and resulted in a higher output from the same input DNA, including higher library construction success rate, higher probe capture rate, and shorter turn‐around time. Using this approach, targeted region libraries could be constructed within only 1 day for FFPE samples; therefore, this approach has potential applications of NGS in routine clinical tests. Anat Rec, 302:941–946, 2019. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Validated spectroscopic methods for the estimation of triamterene in bulk powder and capsule form via derivatization reactions
Authors: Ibrahim Fawzia A. , Fouad Manal M. , Rashed Noha S. , Fathy Mona E. , Mahmoud Ebtesam S. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractSensitive, simple and specific spectrophotometric and spectrofluorimetric methods were developed for the determination of triamterene in bulk powder and pharmaceutical dosage form. The spectrophotometric method (Method A) is based on the formation of an ion‐pair complex with eosin Y in acetate buffered solution of pH 3.7 followed by measuring the absorbance at 545 nm. The absorbance–concentration plot is rectilinear over the range 3.0–15.0 μg/mL with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.429 μg/mL and a limit of quantitation (LOQ) of 1.031 μg/mL. The spectrofluorimetric method (Method B) is based on the reaction of triamterene with 7‐ chloro‐4‐nitrobenzo‐2‐oxa‐1,3‐diazole (NBD‐Cl) in basic solution (pH 10) to form a product with high fluorescence measured at 546 nm after being excited at 438 nm. The plot of fluorescence versus concentration is linear within the range 2.0–10.0 μg/mL. The suggested methods were applied for the analysis of commercial capsules containing the studied drug with successful results. The results obtained from the proposed method were statistically compared with those of a reported one and revealed good agreement. The presented methods are useful in routine analysis of triamterene in laboratories of quality control.
Development of a simple HPLC–MS/MS method to simultaneously determine teriflunomide and its metabolite in human plasma and urine: Application to clinical pharmacokinetic study of teriflunomide sodium and leflunomide
Authors: Yao Xueting , Liu Yang , Song Ling , Jiang Ji , Xiao Fei , Liu Dongyang , Hu Pei 
Published: October 2018

AbstractA simple high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry method was developed and fully validated to simultaneously determine teriflunomide (TER) and its metabolite 4‐trifluoro‐methylaniline oxanilic acid (4‐TMOA) in human plasma and urine. Merely 50 μL plasma and 20 μL urine were employed in sample preparation using protein precipitation and direct dilution method, respectively. An Agilent Zorbax eclipse plus C18 column was selected to achieve rapid separation for TER and 4‐TMOA within 3 min. Electrospray ionization under multiple reaction monitoring was used to monitor the ion transitions for TER (m/z 269.0 → 159.9), 4‐TMOA (m/z 231.9 → 160.0), internal standard teriflunomide‐d4 (m/z 273.0 → 164.0) and 2‐amino‐4‐trifluoromethyl benzoic acid (m/z 203.8 → 120.1), operating in the negative ion mode. This method proved to have better accuracy and precision over concentration range of 10–5000 ng/mL in plasma as well as 10–10,000 ng/mL in urine. After a full validation, this method was successfully applied in a pharmacokinetic study of teriflunomide sodium and leflunomide in Chinese healthy volunteers.
Predicting brittle fracture surface shape from a versatile database
Authors: Huang Yuhang , Yu Yonghang , Kanai Takashi 
Published: October 2018

AbstractIn this paper, we propose a novel data‐driven method that uses a machine learning scheme for formulating fracture simulation with the boundary element method (BEM) as a regression problem. With this method, the crack opening displacement (COD) of every correlation node is predicted at the next frame. In our naive prediction, we design a feature vector directly exploiting stress intensities and toughness at the current frame so that our method predicts the COD at the next frame more reliably. Thus, there is no need to solve the original linear BEM system to calculate displacements. This enables us to propagate crack fronts using the estimated stress intensities. There are existing works that use the machine learning approach to accelerate the speed of traditional physics‐based simulations like smoke and fluid, but our work is the first to incorporate the machine learning scheme into BEM‐based fracture simulations. Our implementation accelerates the acquisition of displacements in linear time over the number of crack fronts at each time step compared with the conventional solution whose time complexity grows exponentially based on the BEM linear system. The databases generated by our method are versatile and can be applied to general situations and different models.
A novel frameshift deletion in NAGLU causing sanfilipo type III‐B in an Indian family
Authors: Jain Sweta , Chaitanya Vamsee , Faruq Mohammed 
Published: October 2018

Key Clinical MessageMucopolysaccharidoses are group of inherited lysosomal storage disorder. Two siblings of a family manifested behavioral abnormalities; hepatosplenomegaly and hypotonia of infantile onset were found to have a novel homozygous frameshift variation, p.Leu280TrpfsTer19 in NAGLU. This variant was predicted to cause the loss of TIM‐barrel and alpha‐helical region of NAGLU protein.
Ensemble Design in Nickel Phosphide Catalysts for Alkyne Semi‐Hydrogenation
Authors: Albani Davide , Karajovic Konstantin , Tata Bharath , Li Qiang , Mitchell Sharon , López Núria , Pérez‐Ramírez Javier 
Published: October 2018

AbstractModification of transition metals with p‐block elements is known to be effective to tune the ensemble characteristics of catalysts for the semi‐hydrogenation of alkynes. To further explore this approach, here we prepare two nickel phosphides, namely Ni2P and Ni5P4. Assessment in the semi‐hydrogenation of 1‐hexyne and 2‐methyl‐3‐butyn‐2‐ol shows that the phosphides present higher rate and selectivity than unmodified nickel catalysts. While no activity and selectivity differences are displayed in the semi‐hydrogenation of 1‐hexyne over Ni2P and Ni5P4, in the case of 2‐methyl‐3‐butyn‐2‐ol a higher rate and lower selectivity to 2‐methyl‐3‐buten‐2‐ol are observed over Ni2P. Density functional theory reveals that the hydroxyl group facilitates the reaction, but also increases the barrier for product desorption. Detailed analyses of the ensemble show the potential of phosphorus to create spatially‐isolated nickel trimers that surpass the performance of unmodified nickel, but also its limited ability to modulate the electronic properties and related binding energies of organic intermediates, which is key to preventing undesired side reactions.
Structure and Performance of Poly(vinylidene chloride‐co‐vinyl chloride) Porous Membranes with Different Additives
Authors: Liu Hailiang , Chen Kaikai , Chen Xin , Xiao Changfa , Zhao Wei , Chu Zhiyong 
Published: October 2018

AbstractPoly(vinylidene chloride‐co‐vinyl chloride) (P(VDC‐co‐VC) membranes were prepared by non‐solvent‐induced phase separation and adjusted by adding water‐soluble polyethylene glycol (PEG) and water‐insoluble silicon dioxide (SiO2) hydrophilic nanoparticles. The structure of pores and antifouling performance were investigated to illustrate the effect of these nanoparticles. The cross section of the P(VDC‐co‐VC) membrane exhibited more macropores and the typical finger‐like pores turned into more vertically interconnected ones with increasing PEG content, while the number and size of finger‐like pores became less with increasing SiO2 content. Considering the filtration and antifouling experiments, the presence of hydrophilic PEG and SiO2 nanoparticles in the P(VDC‐co‐VC) polymer matrix improved the membrane performance in terms of high flux, high BSA rejection ratio, and fouling resistance.
2D and 3D Silica‐Template‐Derived MnO2 Electrocatalysts towards Enhanced Oxygen Evolution and Oxygen Reduction Activity
Authors: Selvakumar Karuppiah , Kumar Sakkarapalayam Murugesan Senthil , Thangamuthu Rangasamy , Rajput Parasmani , Bhattacharyya Dibyendu , Jha Shambhu Nath 
Published: October 2018

AbstractIn this work, a hard‐template‐based nano‐replication process is employed to prepare mesoporous MnO2 materials. We adopted four silica materials, namely, SBA‐15, KIT‐6, MCM‐41, and MCM‐48 as templates to prepare MnO2 materials by using a nanocasting route. The structural characteristics of the resultant MnO2 materials were thoroughly investigated by using XRD, BET, FESEM, HR‐TEM, XPS, and Raman techniques. All studies confirmed the replication of porous MnO2 nanostructures from silica supports in β‐crystallographic form. By employing X‐ray absorption near‐edge structure (XANES) and extended X‐ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS), we identified the existence of Mn and oxygen vacancies in the developed MnO2 material. The hydrodynamic linear sweep voltammetric technique was employed to demonstrate the efficient oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity of the catalyst in 0.1 M KOH solution. The KIT‐6‐derived MnO2 nanostructure displayed equal activity to the benchmark catalyst RuO2. This work lays a foundation to prepare and employ ordered mesoporous MnO2 materials as OER/ORR catalysts, which have potential applications in electrochemical energy conversion and storage devices.
In Situ Anchoring of Pyrrhotite on Graphitic Carbon Nitride Nanosheet for Efficient Immobilization of Uranium
Authors: Hao Xuan , Zhang Hongsen , Liu Qi , Liu Jingyuan , Chen Rongrong , Yu Jing , Zhang Milin , Liu Peili , Wang Jun 
Published: October 2018

AbstractEnrichment of UVI is an urgent project for nuclear energy development. Herein, magnetic graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets were successfully prepared by in situ anchoring of pyrrhotite (Fe7S8) on the graphitic carbon nitride nanosheet (CNNS), which were used for capturing UVI. The structural characterizations of Fe7S8/CNNS‐1 indicated that the CNNS could prevent the aggregation of Fe7S8 and the saturation magnetization was 4.69 emu g−1, which meant that it was easy to separate the adsorbent from the solution. Adsorption experiments were performed to investigate the sorption properties. The results disclosed that the sorption data conformed to the Langmuir isotherm model with the maximum adsorption capacity of 572.78 mg g−1 at 298 K. The results of X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) demonstrated that the main adsorption mechanism are as follows: UVI is adsorbed on the surface of Fe7S8/CNNS‐1 through surface complexation initially, then it was reduced to insoluble UIV. Thereby, this work provided an efficient and easy to handle sorbent material for extraction of UVI.
β‐Ketoiminato Iridium(III) Organometallic Complexes: Selective Cytotoxicity towards Colorectal Cancer Cells HCT116 p53‐/‐
Authors: Lord Rianne M. , Zegke Markus , Henderson Imogen R. , Pask Christopher M. , Shepherd Helena J. , McGowan Patrick C. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThis report presents a new library of organometallic iridium(III) compounds of the type [Cp*IrCl(L)] (Cp*=pentamethylcyclopentadienyl and L=a functionalized β‐ketoiminato ligand) showing moderate to high cytotoxicity against a range of cancer cell lines. All compounds show increased activity towards colorectal cancer, with preferential activity observed against the immortalized p53‐null colorectal cell line, HCT116 p53‐/‐, with sensitivity factors (SF) up to 26.7. Additionally, the compounds have excellent selectivity for cancerous cells when tested against normal cell types, with selectivity ratios (SR) up to 35.6, contrary to that of cisplatin, which is neither selective nor specific for cancerous cells (SF=0.43 and SR=0.7–2.3). This work provides a preliminary understanding of the cytotoxicity of iridium compounds in the absence of p53 and has potential applications in treatment of cancers for which the p53 gene is absent or mutant.
Rapid Estimation of NO Oxidation Kinetic Data from Experiments
Authors: Dubbe Hendrik , Bühner Florian , Nieken Ulrich 
Published: October 2018

AbstractParameter estimation for Langmuir‐Hinshelwood/Hougen‐Watson type of kinetics in the field of automotive exhaust gas aftertreatment can be challenging as a great variety of parameter sets can result in a similar model quality as rate and inhibition parameters can interact during numerical optimization although they can be regarded independent from theory. This contribution introduces a method that enables the model‐based rapid estimation of NO oxidation kinetic information on a Pt‐only monolith catalyst from a straightforward set of synthesis gas test‐bench experiments.
A random chemical reaction optimization algorithm based on dual containers strategy for multi‐rotor UAV path planning in transmission line inspection
Authors: Yang Qing , Yang Zhong , Zhang Tianyi , Hu Guoxiong 
Published: October 2018

SummaryAiming at the specific mission requirements of high‐voltage transmission line inspection, a modeling method based on columnar space is proposed, which simplifies the complexity of traditional methods to a certain extent, and ensures enough modeling accuracy. Then, an improved random chemical reaction algorithm based on dual container strategy (RMCRO) is proposed, and the new algorithm divides the set of molecules into two subsets and puts them into two reaction containers, respectively. A subset introducing PSO algorithm strategy strengthens the strategy of diversity algorithm molecules and enhances the global search capability of the algorithm. Additionally, another subset introducing elitist selection and differential strategy strengthens the local search ability of the algorithm and accelerates the convergence speed. Then, through the exchange of the two subsets under certain conditions, the advantages of the two subsets can be further integrated to eliminate the original defects. Finally, respectively analyze the simulation of two typical scenarios of transmission line inspection based on multi‐rotor UAV, the simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can avoid the local minimum, the path planning is shorter, and it can make the airborne camera equipment working in a more stable state.
An efficient method to resolve intraclass variability using highly refined HOG description model for human action recognition
Authors: K Akila , S Chitrakala 
Published: October 2018

SummaryRecognizing the human action is an interesting field and promising area of research due to its importance in various applications. HAR system seeks to interpret the actions being accomplished by the human within the video sequence instinctively and tagging their actions for the primary need of an intelligent video system. Recently, the research attention becomes more focused on recognizing the human actions in unrestrained videos, as the variations in scale, illumination, etc, are often will be the case for performance degradation. Hence, we introduced a novel refined gradient model to normalize the HOG descriptor for the scale‐invariant and appearance modeling. In addition, as different subjects can perform the same action in a different manner. Their different appearance or style variation leads to errors. To resolve this Intraclass variability of actions a discriminative approach has been proposed to explore action attributes. Thus, this system unites these two to reduce the discrimination error. This new approach gives near‐perfect ways for reducing overall dense trajectory displacements with significant accuracy enhancements. The complete action recognition system was evaluated on a number of test videos from real‐world data sets and compared against state‐of‐the‐art methods.
Fog assisted IoT based medical cyber system for cardiovascular diseases affected patients
Authors: Karthick T , Manikandan M 
Published: October 2018

SummaryIoT based Patient monitoring is the current need of the hour. The critical care services have been a crucial part for patients, who suffer from serious health conditions and heart diseases. Increased population is one of the major reasons behind waiting for clinical health monitoring services in hospitals. The current internet era and IoT based health support systems provide medical services for individuals and hospitals to forecast or early‐detect probable critical care situations. The proposed approach is a new health care support system for heart patients to monitor and report with hospitals. We have introduced a Fog assisted IoT based cardio monitoring application to help the decision support system, which also tested with the existing analogues health care applications to show its elevated performance.