bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sobre la presencia de Gentianella amarella (Gentianaceae) en España: una reivindicación de G. hispanica. About the presence of Gentianella amarella (Gentianaceae) in Spain: a vindication of G. hispanica.
Authors: López-Udias Silvia , Fabregat Carlos 
Published: October 2018

Español. Gentianella hispanica López Udias, Fabregat & Renob. fue descrita en el año 2002 a partir de poblaciones localizadas en el centro de España, aunque posteriormente, en la revisión del género para la Península Ibérica publicada en 2012, pasa a ser considerada como sinónimo de G. amarella (L.) Börner, al considerarse que sus caracteres diferenciales entrarían dentro del rango de variabilidad de esta última. Tras los últimos trabajos publicados sobre el género Gentianella Moench en Europa, y basándonos en éstos, se analizan los caracteres morfológicos en G. hispanica y se comparan con G. amarella y G. uliginosa (Willd.) Börner, las dos especies del grupo G. amarella que se encuentran en Europa según la bibliografía. Se concluye que G. hispanica puede ser considerada como especie independiente de G. amarella al mismo nivel que G. uliginosa.Inglés. Gentianella hispanica López Udias, Fabregat & Renob. was described in 2002 from populations in central Spain, but later, in the genus revision for the Iberian Peninsula published in 2012, it was regarded to be synonymous of G. amarella (L.) Börner, arguing that its distinguishing characters fall within the range of variation of the latter. Following recent literature on genus Gentianella Moench in Europe, and based on these works, the morphological characters of G. hispanica are analyzed and compared with G. amarella and G. uliginosa (Willd.) Börner, the two species of G. amarella group found in Europe, according to the literature. We conclude that G. hispanica can be considered an independent taxon in G. amarella group at the same level as G. uliginosa.
Comparative study of absorption band edge tailoring by cationic and anionic doping in TiO2
Authors: Mathur Arpit Swarup , Kumar Praveen , Singh B.P. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is one of the most favored metal oxide semiconductors for the use as photoanode in photoelectrochemical cells (PEC) splitting the water into hydrogen and oxygen. However, the major impediment is its large bandgap that limits its utilization as photoanode. Doping has evolved as an effective strategy for tailoring optical and electronic properties of TiO2. This paper describes the synthesis of undoped as well as iron (Fe, cationic) and nitrogen (N, anionic) doped nanocrystalline titanium dioxide by sol-gel spin coating method for solar energy absorption in the visible region. All the prepared thin films were characterized by X-ray diffraction and UV-Vis spectroscopy. Doping of both Fe and N into TiO2 resulted in a shift of absorption band edge towards the visible region of solar spectrum.
Synthesis and photoluminescence spectra of CdS and CdS/ZnO doped PVK nanocomposite films
Authors: Kumar Praveen , Sharma Kanupriya 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Organic/inorganic hybrid materials consisting of quantum dots and conjugate polymers are important for the application in light emitting devices. In the present work, we have studied the effect of CdS and CdS/ZnO nanoparticle addition on the structure and fluorescence properties of spin coated PVK (poly(N-vinyl carbozole)) nanocomposite films. CdS nanoparticles were synthesized by simple co-precipitation technique and ZnO shell was grown on the CdS nanoparticles by simple wet chemical approach. The nanoparticles and the hybrid nanocomposites have been characterized by using XRD, SEM, FT-IR, optical absorption and fluorescence spectroscopic techniques. The absorption peak for pure PVK remains at 345.5 nm accompanied with minor hump ~480 nm resulting from the incorporation of nanoparticles. It has been observed that the addition of nanoparticles to the hybrid material results in the enhancement of fluorescence intensity at 410 nm to 450 nm spectral regions. These results are important for the development of new light emitting devices at low fabrication costs.
KAITAN BUNSETSU DAN FRASA POSPOSISI SUBJEK-OBJEK DALAM BAHASA JEPANG
Authors: Syartanti Nadya Inda 
Published: October 2018

Kalimat dibentuk oleh berbagai satuan kalimat (satuan gramatikal) dari satuan terkecil yaitu kata sampai satuan terbesar yaitu kalimat itu sendiri. Pada umumnya satuan gramatikal setelah kata adalah frasa, kemudian setelah frasa adalah klausa, baru terbentuk menjadi kalimat secara utuh. Selain itu, ada satuan gramatikal yang hanya terdapat dalam kalimat bahasa Jepang, yaitu bunsetsu. Posisi bunsetsu berada di antara kata dan frasa, sehingga urutan dalam kalimat bahasa Jepang menjadi kata-bunsetsu-frasa-klausa-kalimat. Bunsetsu dalam bahasa Jepang mengandung arti “ruas kalimat” (Tjandra, 2013: 7). Bila kalimat hana ga saku darou terdiri dari 4 kata, yaitu hana, ga, saku, dan darou, maka kalimat tersebut memiliki 2 bunsetsu yang terdiri dari hana ga dan saku darou (Tjandra, 2013: 7). Kalimat tersebut menunjukkan bahwa kata merupakan urutan terkecil daripada bunsetsu, atau dengan kata lain, bunsetsu merupakan satuan yang lebih besar dari kata yang dapat membentuk kalimat (Sudjianto & Dahidi, 2009: 137). Yang menjadi masalah adalah istilah bunsetsu sering dipadankan dengan frasa, namun bunsetsu bukanlah frasa. Oleh karena itu, tulisan ini dimaksudkan untuk memberikan uraian deskriptif mengenai perbedaan antara bunsetsu dengan frasa. Dengan mengetahui perbedaaan tersebut, diharapkan dapat menjadi acuan atau referensi dalam kajian linguistik khususnya kajian sintaksis dalam bahasa Jepang. Kata kunci: bahasa Jepang, bunsetsu, frasa, kalimat
Serat Bambu Petung (Dendrocalamus asper) Teralkalisasi sebagai Penguat Komposit Polimer
Authors: Refiadi Gunawan , Bayu Novan , Judawisastra Hermawan , Mardiyati Mardiyati 
Published: October 2018

The alkalized of petung bamboo fiber (Dendrocalamus asper) as reinforcement of polymer compositeAbstractPetung bamboo (Dendrocalamus asper) has good fiber characteristic and it has potential to substitute glass fiber as reinforcement in polymeric composite. However, like other natural based materials, bamboo fiber has a high variability in mechanical properties and inherently hygroscopic characteristic. Therefore it is required to optimize the petung bamboo qualities. The fiber optimization was carried out by alkalization process using NaOH solution with varying concentration of 0, 3, 5, and 10% v/v. Bamboo fiber processed in chemomechanical was used in this investigation. Characterization of density, mechanical and chemicals was conducted by pycnometry method, tensile strength testing, Fourier Transform Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The data variability was analyzed by Weibull distribution. Result indicates that the optimum condition of alkalization process of bamboo fiber using NaOH solution of 5% v/v which has fiber diameter of 175.098 ± 58.017 mm, tensile strength of 384 MPa, and characteristics strength of 390.5 MPa.Keywords: petung bamboo; alkalization; characteristics AbstractBambu petung memiliki karakteristik serat yang baik sehingga berpotensi sebagai pengganti serat gelas untuk penguat komposit polimer. Namun, seperti umumnya serat alam, serat bambu memiliki variabilitas sifat mekanis tinggi dan sifat higroskopik yang inheren. Oleh karena itu diperlukan upaya optimalisasi kinerja serat bambu petung. Optimalisasi kinerja serat dilakukan melalui proses alkalisasi dengan variasi larutan NaOH pada konsentrasi 0, 3, 5, dan 10% v/v. Serat bambu hasil dari proses kimia-mekanik digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Karakterisasi densitas, sifat mekanik, dan sifat kimia serat masing-masing dilakukan dengan metode piknometri, uji tarik, Fourier Transform Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Analisis variabilitas data menggunakan distribusi Weibull. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa kondisi optimum alkalisasi serat bambu petung yaitu menggunakan larutan NaOH 5% v/v yang menghasilkan serat berdiameter 175,098 ± 58,017 mm, kekuatan Tarik 384 MPa, dan kekuatan karakteristik 390,5 MPa.Kata kunci: bambu petung; alkalisasi; karakteristik
The Effects of Innovative Shotgun Shooting Methods on Collegiate Shotgun Shooters
Authors: Wolfe Andrew Allen , Peak Kayla , Burch Jana , Burch Gerald 
Published: October 2018

Sporting activities are classified according to movement demands and can be categorized as either dynamic or static actions. Many events exist within the discipline of “shooting sports”, and dynamic and static demands vary drastically among those events. However, consideration for differences in movement demands is frequently disregarded in shooting sports; common practice protocol encourages sh ooters to utilize static
shooting techniques for all shooting sport events. In particular, shooting techniques for shotgun shooting, a
dynamic sporting event, regularly align with rifle shooting (static activity) methods. Innovative dynamic shotgun
shoot ing techniques have recently been developed, however, no previous studies have examined the outcomes of employing these dynamic techniques. Therefore, the current research investigated the effects of innovative
shotgun shooting methods on collegiate shotg un shooters (n=38). Pre and post trap and skeet scores were
collected at a certified International Shooting Sport Federation and USA Shooting competition field. Upon
completion of pre-test shooting, subjects participated in an Optimum Shooting Performance (OSP) intervention
that outlined innovative dynamic shooting and practice techniques. Post-test shooting scores were collected after2-weeks of OSP practice. A paired sample t test identified statistically significant improvements for trap shootingscores (t[32] = 2.82, p = .008, 95% CI [0.431, 2.660], d = .49),skeet shooting scores (t[32] = 2.59, p = .01, 95% CI[0.436, 3.625], d = .45), and total shooting (sum score of trap and skeet tests) scores (t[32] = 3.37, p = .002, 95%CI [1.417, 5.734], d = .59). These results suggest that learning and utilizing the OSP methods significantly
increased the shooting performance of college shotgun shooters.
Fotodegradasi High Density Polyethylene Yang Mengandung Aditif Okso-Biodegradasi
Authors: Asriza Ristika O. , Pitulima Janiar 
Published: October 2018

High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) is a type of plastic that widely used for packaging because it has good mechanical properties. HDPE is naturally non-biodegradable, and the consequence it will increase plastic waste that will damage the environment. To increase their biodegradability, it is necessary to add an oxo-biodegradation additive in the form of a stearate metal compound. This oxo-biodegradation additive is a chromophore that can absorb UV light. Polyethylene oxo-biodegradation films are prepared by mixing HDPE and cobalt stearate to homogeneous on various compositions. To know the effect of adding cobalt stearate into HDPE has done by photodegradation process. The polyethylene oxo-biodegradation film was given irradiation using UV light in the wavelength range 280-300 nm at room temperature for 10 days. After irradiation, in the ATR spectrum shows an absorption peak at 1712 cm-1 wavenumber indicatied the presence of a carbonyl group with a stronger intensity. The higher concentration of cobalt stearate added in HDPE, increases the peak intensity of carbonyl group. This is due to the increasing number of chromophores from cobalt stearate that can absorb UV light, the faster the breakdown of HDPE chains into small fragments so that HDPE is rapidly degraded in nature.
Modifikasi Katalis CaO Untuk Produksi Biodiesel Dari Minyak Bekas
Authors: Gani Rachim St. Annisa , Raya Indah , Zakir Muhammad 
Published: October 2018

Research about modification of CaO catalyst to produce biodiesel has done. This research aims to know the effectiveness of CaO-ZnCl2 belong to ASTM D6751 to get a yield biodiesel. Modification of the CaO with ZnCl2 was conducted by impregnation method using methanol and n-hexane. For synthesis biodiesel, methanol is used as solvent and Waste Cooking Oil (WCO) as raw material. Ratio molar of WCO and methanol is 12:1 with 3% CaO-ZnCl2 added. This reaction is carried out at a temperature of 65oC. the biodiesel is characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) to determine the presence of ester groups formed. The yield percentage of biodiesel produced is 77.94%. The characterization of biodiesel properties consist of acid number is 73.38 mg KOH/g, density is 0.9038 and water content is 0.0053%.
Waktu Optimum Hidrolisis Pati Limbah Hasil Olahan Ubi Kayu (Manihot esculenta Crantz var. Lahumbu) Menjadi Gula Cair Menggunakan Enzim α-Amilase Dan Glukoamilase
Authors: Ardiansyah Ardiansyah , Nurlansi Nurlansi , Musta Rustam 
Published: October 2018

This study aims to determine optimum time of action of the enzyme α-amylase and glucoamylase needed in hydrolyze of starch from waste processed cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz var. Lahumbu). This research was conducted through three main stages, namely the gelatinization, liquefaction and saccharification. The method was used method are liquefaction and saccharification. The variation time of the stage liquefaction: 12; 24; 36; 48; 60; and 72 minutes and the saccharification stage are: 9; 18; 27; 36; 45; 54; and 63 hours. The results showed that the optimum time required for stage liquefaction using α-amylase enzyme is 48 minutes on the condition of a temperature of 80 oC with a value of 0.09% amylose levels were measured using UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The optimum time required for saccharification step using a glucoamylase which is 54 hours on the conditions of a temperature of 50oC with the amount of reducing sugar concentration of 9.186 g/L as measured using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer.
Biosorpsi Ion Logam Kadmium (Cd2+) Pada Biosorben Rumput Laut Coklat (Padina australis) Asal Pantai Liti Pulau Kisar
Authors: Bijang Catherina M. , Tehubijuluw Helna , Kaihatu Terence Ghereds 
Published: October 2018

The research about biosorption of Cadmium (Cd2+) metal ion in brown seaweed biosorben (Paladina australis) from Liti beach, Kisar island has been done. Analysis of decreasing Cd2+ content using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (SSA) and also use FTIR to know functional groups contained in alginate compounds. A total of 0.5 g of brown seaweed powder was introduced into 25 mL of Cd2+ 50 ppm solution with variations of pH 1-7 and shaker for five hours. After the optimum pH was obtained, the adsorption process was applied on pH 5 solution with variation of contact time 1, 3, and 5 hours, after which it was filtered. The result of analysis and calculation showed that Cd2+ ion was optimum at pH 5 of 99.64% and 3 hours contact time was 74.54%.
Isolasi, Identifikasi, Karakterisasi Dan Uji Toksisitas Senyawa Metabolit Sekunder Fraksi Nonpolar Akar Babandotan (Ageratum conyzoides L)
Authors: Irmawan Muhammad , Mandey Frederyk , Dali Seniwati 
Published: October 2018

Ageratum Conyzoides L. has a toxic and bioactive component as anti-cancer and especially for the root, it has anti-tumor. In order to figure out the active component, it is necessary to do four steps; isolation, identification, characterization, and toxicity essay Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) of non-polar fraction Ageratum conyzoides L plant. Isolation method consist of four parts; extraction, partitioning of Kupchan method, fractionation, and purification. Fractionation method uses press column chromatography (KTT). Furthermore, purification process uses thin layer chromatography (TLC) and characterization with spectroscopy FTIR, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR. Then characterization utilizes spectroscopy FTIR, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR. The toxicity essay toward Artemia Salina Leach n-hexane fraction and dichloromethane fraction showed that the fraction had toxic properties with number of LC50 are 0,0237 and 4,642 µg/mL respectively. Moreover, n-hexane fraction has succeed in isolating Stigmasterol compound shaped white crystalline needles with 19.6 mg weight, 143-144 °C melting point and and had toxic properties with number of LC50 are 30,33 µg/mL.
Isolation, Identification, Characteriterization, And Toxicity Essay Of Non-polar Secondary Metabolite Fraction From Ageratum conyzoides L
Authors: Irmawan Muhammad , Mandey Frederyk , Dali Seniwati 
Published: October 2018

Ageratum Conyzoides L. has a toxic and bioactive component as anti-cancer and especially for the root, it has anti-tumor. In order to figure out the active component, it is necessary to do four steps; isolation, identification, characterization, and toxicity essay Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) of non-polar fraction Ageratum conyzoides L plant. Isolation method consist of four parts; extraction, partitioning of Kupchan method, fractionation, and purification. Fractionation method uses press column chromatography (KTT). Furthermore, purification process uses thin layer chromatography (TLC) and characterization with spectroscopy FTIR, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR. Then characterization utilizes spectroscopy FTIR, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR. The toxicity essay toward Artemia Salina Leach n-hexane fraction and dichloromethane fraction showed that the fraction had toxic properties with number of LC50 are 0,0237 and 4,642 µg/mL respectively. Moreover, n-hexane fraction has succeed in isolating Stigmasterol compound shaped white crystalline needles with 19.6 mg weight, 143-144 °C melting point and and had toxic properties with number of LC50 are 30,33 µg/mL.
Analysis of the methods of automated control over multidimensional objects on the basis of intelligent systems
Authors: Chуhur L. Ya. 
Published: October 2018

The paper deals with the analysis of automated control over multidimensional objects based on the principles of intelligent systems. At present such systems include decision support systems and expert systems. The main feature of information technology of decision support is a qualitatively new method of organizing the interaction between a man and a computer. The development of solutions is the main purpose of this technology. The similarity of automated control methods based on information technology used in expert systems and decision support systems is that they both provide a high level of decision support. However, in practice, there are significant differences. One of them is that solving a problem in decision support systems reflects the level of its understanding by the user and his ability to get and understand the solution. Another one is in the ability of expert systems to explain this solution and to use the concept of information technology as knowledge. From the perspective of the above features of these systems, we have made a conclusion about the practicability of using expert systems, namely, dynamic, working in real time that allow to quickly and qualitatively carry out automated control in the production. They enable the expert to make the best decision, even if knowledge of the situation goes beyond his competence. An important role in the expert systems development is played by the software environment that is used during its implementation. The article also deals with the functioning and connection of the software product with the outside world - the object-oriented integrated environment G2, on the basis of which many modern expert systems are built. The areas of application of such intelligent systems are determined and some of the tasks that they are solving are outlined.
Biogas from disposal dump waste as automotive fuel
Authors: Dykun T. V. , Haieva L. I. , Demianchuk Ya. M. , Voitsekhivska T. Y. , Hutsuliak Ya. A. 
Published: October 2018

The urgency of the problem of the effective use of traditional energy sources and the search for alternative resources is definitely beyond doubt. Today, in Ukraine, the low-calorific gas production potential, which is largely produced by agriculture and industry, in particular biogas, synthesis gas, generating and pyrolysis gases, coal mine, etc., is almost not used. The number of existing domestic plants for the disposal of these gases is negligible, although in most developed countries there are hundreds and thousands of such plants.
One of the most promising sources of energy is the biogas of dumps, which is now emitted into the atmosphere and contaminates it, or burned at flaring facilities. However, the use of biogas as a fuel in a cogeneration unit with a gas engine of internal combustion and cars will, in addition to the efficient utilization of this hazardous substance, provide the consumer with heat and electric energy.
Клініко-анамнестична характеристика та перебіг госпітального періоду захворювання у хворих молодого віку з гострим коронарним синдромом з елевацією сегмента ST
Authors: Parkhomenko O. M. , Lutay Ya. M. , Irkin O. I. , Bilyi D. O. , Stepura A. O. , Kushnir S. P. , Skarzhevskyi O. A. , Shumakov O. V. 
Published: October 2018

The aim – to compare the clinical, anamnestic characteristics and course of in-hospital period in patients of different age groups with ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome.
Material and methods. Were analyzed the data of 835 patients with ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome admitted to the emergency departments from January 2000 to December 2015. Patients were divided into two groups: I group – < 45 years of age (n=189), II group ≥ 45 years (n=646).
Results. The average age of patients in the I group was (37.8±6.5) years, in the II group – 59.3±8.1 years (Р<0.0001). Among the patients in group I there were more men (Р<0.0001). The mean body mass index (BMI) in young patients was 28.7±4.6 kg/m2 compared to 27.8±4.2 kg/m2 in group II (Р<0.021). The frequency of diabetes mellitus in patients of the I group was 4.2 %, arterial hypertension – 41.8 %. Young patients were much less likely to have a history of myocardial infarction or stroke and concomitant heart failure. The anterior localization of myocardial infarction in group I patients was registered in 59.8 % cases vs 51.9 % in the II group, Р=0.045; there were no significant differences regar­­ding frequency of posterior and lateral infarctions. The average time from the development of symptoms to hospitalization in the I group was 9.7±7.6 hours, and in group II – 4.5±5.3 hours (Р<0.001).
Conclusions. Patients under 45 years of age with ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome are heterogeneous. The most important risk factors for the development of AMI in these patients are smoking, overweight and heredity. Hypertension and diabetes mellitus in young patients were much less frequent than in the older age group. In-hospital course of AMI in young patients was more favorable with fewer complications.
Pengaruh Kesesuaian Tugas-Teknologi, Kepercayaan dan Efektivitas Sistem Informasi Akuntansi Terhadap Kinerja Individu pada Pasar Swalayan di Kota Tangerang
Authors: Ashianti Agnes , Fani Albertus 
Published: October 2018

The objective of this research is to examine the effect of task-technology fit, trust of accounting information systems, and effectiveness of accounting information systems on the individual performance at a supermarket in Tangerang city. The samples in this study were employees of a supermarket in Tangerang city who used accounting information system in doing its job. The data used in this study is primary data through questionnaires. In data analysis techniques, this study test the reliability of the formula coefficient of Cronbach 's Alpha, validity test by means of correlation using the r counted and r table, test for normality using Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, the classical assumption, hypothesis testing multiple linear regression, t test, and F test. The results showed that the task-technology fit and trust of accounting information systems each have a significant effect on the individual performance, while the effectiveness of accounting information systems does not significantly influence the individual performance. Task-technology fit, trust of accounting information systems, and the effectiveness of accounting information systems have simultaneous significant effect on the individual performance.
Keyword: Task-Technology Fit, Trust of Accounting Information Systems, Effectiveness of Accounting Information Systems, Individual Performance..