bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Simple Method to Quantify the V˙O2 Mean Response Time of Ramp-Incremental Exercise
Authors: IANNETTA DANILO , MURIAS JUAN M. , KEIR DANIEL A. 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT
During ramp-incremental exercise, the mean response time (MRT) of oxygen uptake (V˙O2) represents the time delay for changes in muscle V˙O2 to be reflected at the level of the mouth and is generally calculated by linear (MRTLIN) and monoexponential (τ′) fitting of V˙O2 data. However, these methods yield MRT values that are highly variable from test-to-test.

Purpose
Therefore, we examined the validity and the reproducibility of a novel method to calculate the MRT.

Methods
On two occasions, 12 healthy men (age, 30 ± 10 yr; V˙O2max: 4.14 ± 0.47 L·min−1, 53.5 ± 7.3 mL·kg−1·min−1) performed a ramp-incremental cycling test (30 W·min−1) that was preceded by a step transition to 100 W. The ramp power output corresponding to the steady-state V˙O2 at 100 W was determined and the difference between that power output and 100 W was converted to time to quantify the MRT (MRTSS).

Results
The values of MRTLIN, τ′, and MRTSS were 28 ± 16 s, 27 ± 12 s, and 26 ± 11 s, respectively, which were not different (P > 0.05) from each other. However, compared to the MRT parameters derived from the fitting-based methods, MRTSS had a higher correlation coefficient (R = 0.87) and a smaller coefficient of variation (15% ± 9%) from test-to-test.

Conclusions
In conclusion, the novel method proposed in the current study was found to be valid and highly reproducible in a test-retest design. Therefore, we advocate the use of this approach when a precise and accurate determination of the MRT is needed to properly align the V˙O2 data with power output during ramp-incremental exercise.
Spontaneous haemothorax in juvenile dogs: a case series
Authors: Stallwood Jennifer , Allen Shelley , Allerton Fergus , Adamantos Sophie , Black Vicki 
Published: January 2019

Objectives: To describe the clinical features, treatment, and outcome of juvenile dogs presenting with spontaneous haemothorax. Methods: Retrospective multi-centre referral-based study. Hospital databases were searched for dogs aged 1–24 months with a diagnosis of spontaneous haemothorax. Dogs were defined as having spontaneous haemothorax provided there was no history of trauma, evidence of a coagulopathy or intrathoracic neoplastic mass. Data extracted for analysis included signalment, history, investigation findings, treatment, and outcome. Results: Seven dogs from two referral centres were identified. Median age was 11 months (range 3.5–20 months); four of the seven were female. There were two Chihuahuas and two Whippets; remaining breeds were represented once. Commonly reported clinical signs included lethargy (n=7) and pyrexia (n=6). Thymic pathology was suspected in six dogs based on thoracic imaging. Three dogs required surgical management and four were managed conservatively. Histopathology of thymic tissue was available from the surgically managed dogs and compatible with thymic haemorrhage in all cases. Two out of three dogs managed surgically died; recorded reasons were phrenic nerve dysfunction secondary to thoracotomy and acute lung injury following mechanical ventilation. All four dogs managed conservatively survived with no recorded recurrence. Impact: Spontaneous haemothorax can occur in young dogs. Pyrexia was a common feature although causality is not established. The outcome with conservative management appeared to be superior to surgery in this small cohort of dogs.
Causes of malnutrition in older adults and what can be done to prevent it
Authors: McEvilly Aimee 
Published: January 2019

With malnutrition affecting over 3 million people in the UK, Aimee McEvilly explains how early identification and intervention are vital measures in maintaining effective elderly health Malnutrition affects over 3 million people in the UK alone, and 93% of these people are living in the community ( Elia and Russell, 2009 ). Malnutrition can be treated, and early identification and intervention is vital. This article aims to give a brief overview of the potential contributing factors of malnutrition. It will briefly discuss how these factors can be addressed and what can be done to prevent or manage them. This article will also discuss how and when screening for malnutrition should take place in the community and the appropriate actions to take when malnutrition is identified. Finally this article aims to motivate and encourage local communities to look again at their services and ensure that the nutrition and hydration needs of older people are being met.
Therapy For Unilateral Lower Extremity Lymphedema With Compression Bandage Only Or Compression Bandage Combined With Surgery
Authors: Hakim Intan Frischilla , Sudjatmiko Gentur 
Published: January 2019

Background: Lymphedema on lower extremity is a disorder which is still hard to manage nowadays. Many therapeutic modalities had been done, but there weren’t any satisfying outcome. It is all due to the continuous exudation of the lymph which is rich in protein to extravascular that induce tissue inflammation and soft tissue fibrosis process. In case of constriction band, the lymph trapped in the lower extremity, so it also requires surgical procedure.Patient and Method : We reported 2 cases, a woman 71 years old with right limb lymphedema with vulva polyp and a man 58 years old with constriction band on chronic left limb lymphedema and right limb poliomyelitis. We conducted circumference measurement of afected limb 5 minutes after application compression bandage in first two weeks. Case one had quiet good result with compression bandage only while in case two continued with surgical procedure consist of mass reduction using suction-assisted lipectomy, z-plasty constriction band release continue with excise skin redundancy. In both patients pressure garment used for daily treatment.Results : Both patients gave aceptable result on compression bandage in acute case and in chronic case was continued with surgery. Summary : Management for lymphedema can be done by conservative therapy in acute case when edema is in pitting formor combined with surgery when in chronic case, then pressure.
The Role Of Coagulation Testing Prior To Surgery
Authors: Cozie Novie Amelia , Windiastuti Endang , Gatot Djayadiman 
Published: January 2019

Preoperative coagulation screening has been among the most debated of all laboratory tests, especially in children. Although an undiagnosed coagulopathy could result in serious surgical morbidity, commonly used screening tests such as bleeding time, prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, and platelet count, do not reliably predict abnormal perioperative bleeding. Laboratory testing should be considered in patients either the history or medical condition suggests a possible hemostatic defect, in patients undergoing surgical procedures that might induce hemostatic disturbances (eg, cardiopulmonary bypass), when the coagulation system is particularly needed for adequate hemostasis (eg, tonsillectomy), and in patients for whom even minimal postoperative bleeding could be critical (eg, neurosurgery). In the case of minor surgery and a negative history of clotting disorders, no tests are suggested.
Abdominoplasty: A Proposal of Results by Measurement
Authors: Susanto Imam 
Published: January 2019

Background: Among body contouring procedures, abdominoplasty is a procedure, which cosmetic surgery patients seek most frequently. The aim of abdominoplasty is to fulfill the ideal appearance of the abdomen without complication. Optimal results and proposed best accuracy measurement tool for abdominal dimension will be presented.Patients and Methods: Two female patients with abdomen type III and IV, underwent surgical correction with choice of total abdominolipectomy. Pre-operative and post-operative evaluations and photographs of patients were documented. Appearance of abdomen, quality of the scar, and navel were evaluated.Results: Total abdominolipectomy was performed in two cases of woman with abdomen type III and IV. All of the patients have shown abdominal dimension reduction and the result was good and satisfying. Author proposed a measurement including abdominal dimension in three different levels of circumference : midline point circumference between navel to xyphoid, navel level circumference, and anterior superior spina illiac level circumference, quality of scar, navel, and abdominal appearance, which are documented before surgery, three weeks after surgery and three months post surgery.Summary: Optimal outcome in abdominoplasty is determined not only by appropriate surgical technique, but also by the selection design, how the dissection is done, the excision, suturing technique, and post-surgical care treatment. Author proposed a measurement form evaluated by the surgeon, patient, and observer to collect more precise objective and subjective results.
Custeio Variável: Uma Ferramenta de Auxilio na Tomada de Decisão Gerencial
Authors: Sousa Maria Edileide Ferreira de , Anastácio Francisca Alexandra De Macedo 
Published: January 2019

Diante do atual cenário competitivo onde o empreendedor tem que saber enfrentar os grandes desafios em um ambiente de constante mudanças competitivas, sente-se cada vez mais a necessidade de alagar seus horizonte com visão estratégica para obter vantagens.Sendo assim referido estudo busca demonstrar a importância do sistema de custeio variável como ferramenta para auxiliar os gestores nas tomadas decisões,uma vez que conhecer o custo é uma condição essência para empresa, independente do tipo,logo á analise e o gerenciamento dos custos garante a sobrevivência de qualquer organização.Dessa forma o sistema de custeio é uma ferramenta para potencializar o processo de melhorias na tomada de decisões uma vez que a contabilidade de custo é um instrumentos gerencial capaz de auxiliar,controlar e planejar as decisões a serem tomada, contribuindo satisfatoriamente na estratégica profissional e possibilitando de maneira geral a devida qualidade das informações que seram utilizadas para mensurar os custos incorridos, conseguindo assim atingir vantagens competitivas,já que é capaz de desenvolver novas estratégica para reduzir dispedicios sempre na busca de informações para otimizar os custos.
Educação Intercultural e suas Ambivalências com o Estranho. Um Estudo Sobre a Representação Social do Negro no Livro Didático
Authors: Ifadireó Miguel Melo , Souza TaÍs Oliveira de , Albuquerque Érika De Sá Marinho , Sousa Maria do Socorro Cordeiro de 
Published: January 2019

O presente artigo é fruto dos trabalhos de leitura, pesquisas de campo e ações de extensão universitária que se enraizaram nas reuniões do Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Estudos da Violência (LIEV/ UNILEÃO) e nos encontros do Núcleo de Estudos em Gênero, Raça, Organizações e Sustentabilidade (NEGROS/ UPE), bem como, emergiu da necessidade de preparo de aulas e material didático para facilitar o ensino e as práticas pedagógicas para as disciplinas: Educação do Campo e Educação Intercultural no curso de Pedagogia da Faculdade de Ciências Humanas do Sertão Central (FACHUSC/ Salgueiro-PE. O objetivo da presente investigação está fundamentado na tentativa de destacar a contribuição que o material escolar pode, por um lado, dar à educação intercultural; e por outro lado, acentuar os nuances em que o racismo e o preconceito direcionados ao negro podem contribuir com a representação negativa destes na sociedade. A questão problema deste estudo concentra-se na investigação do material didático e paradidático do ensino infantil e fundamental selecionados e utilizados em uma escola pública do município de Verdejante, no Sertão Central Pernambucano. A metodologia utilizada é fruto da abordagem qualitativa, revisão bibliográfica e método de procedimento de análise documental com uso da abordagem crítica dos discursos. A fundamentação teórica especifica se deu a partir da teoria da ideologia de John Thompson (1995), da teoria da Mestiçagem de Kabengele Munanga (2008), da teoria da Pedagogia Intercultural de Georg Auerheimer (2005), da teoria da Estranheza na Escola de Franz Pöggeler (2004; 2003), dos Estudos Africanos de Achillie Mbembe (2014) e da filosofia da ancestralidade de David Oliveira (2007; 2003). Os achados nos permitem concluir que a educação intercultural satisfaz em plenitude os quesitos do respeito à dignidade da pessoa humana, da educação para a liberdade, da educação para a autonomia e da educação inclusiva e do pertencimento.
The Curious Case of Farmer Credit Cards: Evidence from an Indian Policy Reform
Authors: Chatterjee Somdeep 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
In this paper, I study India’s Kisan (farmer) Credit Card (KCC) program and end up with an apparently counter-intuitive finding. Exploiting plausibly exogenous variation in the reach of the program and using a district panel dataset, I find evidence of increases in agricultural output of rice, which is the major crop of the country. I also find that on average the use of high-yielding variety seeds increases at the district level, providing suggestive evidence of technology adoption. However, there is no evidence of higher borrowing among households in response to this policy. Although there is evidence of increased borrowing among the unconstrained borrowers, this suggests that KCCs did not provide new access to credit. Yet, large increases in production can be observed. Although apparently puzzling, the findings may be explained in terms of the changing risk tolerance of farmers who may perceive KCCs as supplementary self-insurance products.
Analysis of physiological parameters of Desulfovibrio strains from individuals with colitis
Authors: Kushkevych Ivan , Dordević Dani , Kollár Peter 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIntestinal sulfate-reducing bacteria are often isolated from patients with inflammatory bowel disease, including ulcerative colitis, and can be involved in the development of gut inflammation. A comparison of the metabolism of intestinal sulfate-reducing bacteria isolated from individuals with colitis and healthy controls using statistical analysis has never been studied and described before. The aim of our research was to evaluate the parameters of dissimilatory sulfate reduction inDesulfovibriospecies that were isolated from the feces of healthy objects and individuals with colitis. Principal component analysis indicates that the strains that were isolated from individuals with colitis grouped in the same cluster by biomass accumulation and sulfide production, same as the strains isolated from healthy individuals. Sulfate and lactate consumption measured over time showed negative correlation (Pearson correlations,p<0.01), healthy: -0.760; colitis: -0.770; healthy: -0.828; colitis: -0.847, respectively. The calculated linear regression (R2) was lower in biomass accumulation and hydrogen sulfide production, 0.531; 0.625 respectively. Thus, biomass accumulation and sulfide production, together with measured kinetic parameters play an important factor in bowel inflammation, including ulcerative colitis. Additionally, acetate production can also synergize with H2S, while sulfate consumption and lactate oxidation likely represent minor factors in bowel disease.
Sample matrix and high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I assays
Authors: Kavsak Peter A. , Roy Chantele , Malinowski Paul , Clark Lorna , Lamers Shana , Bamford Karen , Hill Stephen , Worster Andrew , Jaffe Allan S. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Background
Manufacturers of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin (hs-cTn) assays have restricted use of what sample types or matrices are acceptable to use for measurement. Our goal was to evaluate the comparability of the Siemens ADVIA Centaur hs-cTnI assay across different matrices and under different storage conditions.

Methods
Three different QC-plasma matrices were evaluated for imprecision <10 ng/L. Passing-Bablok regression and difference plots were determined for cTnI concentrations spanning the reference interval (limit of quantification to male 99th-percentile: 2.5 ng/L to <60 ng/L) between serum and lithium heparin plasma, lithium heparin and EDTA plasma and between the Siemens and Abbott hs-cTnI assays. Stability at room temperature (RT) and 2–8 °C was also assessed across the three matrices.

Results
Over 16-weeks the SDs were ≤1.0 ng/L for QCs ranging from 5.0 to 8.3 ng/L. Across the reference interval there was excellent agreement between lithium heparin plasma and serum for the Siemens hs-cTnI assay (slope=0.98/intercept=–0.1), however, cTnI concentrations were proportionally lower in EDTA as compared to lithium heparin plasma (slope=0.90, 95% CI: 0.88–0.92). In lithium heparin plasma the Siemens hs-cTnI concentrations were higher than the Abbott hs-cTnI concentrations (slope=1.26/intercept=–0.2). Stability of cTnI in lithium heparin plasma as compared in serum and EDTA plasma appeared more labile, with decreases ≥20% in concentrations evident as early as 1-day in storage at RT.

Conclusions
There is excellent agreement in concentrations between lithium heparin plasma and serum with the Siemens ADVIA Centaur hs-cTnI assay; however, cTnI concentrations in EDTA plasma are lower. Reference intervals and clinical studies in EDTA plasma for the Centaur hs-cTnI assay are required before clinical use.
In Vitro Determination of Concentration-Dependent Optical Properties of Hemoglobin
Authors: Wegerich Philipp , Hartmut Gehring 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
The interest of this paper is the determination of the optical properties of oxygenated (saturation above 97 %) hemoglobin in clinical relevant concentrations (ranging from 5 to 15 g/dl), dependent on the layer thickness. Furthermore the generation of a high rate data set for training with machine learning approaches was intended. With a double integrating sphere setup (laser diodes from 780 to 1310 nm) - as a well referenced method - and flow through optical cuvettes ranging from 1 to 3 mm layer thickness, the transmission (𝑀𝑇) and reflection (𝑀𝑅) values of the samples were acquired. From those the layer thickness independent absorption (𝜇𝑎) and reduced scattering coefficients (𝜇𝑠’) were calculated by the means of the Inverse Adding Doubling (IAD) algorithm. For each sample the same coefficients should result correspondingly for all cuvette thicknesses in test. This relationship serves as an internal standard in the evaluation of the collected data sets. In parallel a spectrophotometer in the range from 690 to 1000 nm recorded transmission spectra for all samples as a second reference. First, the IAD algorithm provided optical coefficients (𝜇𝑎, 𝜇𝑠’) in all measurements, with few exceptions at low hemoglobin concentrations. The resulting coefficients match independently of the layer thickness. As a main second result, a high rate data set was generated which serves for further analysis - for example with machine learning approaches.
IUPAC and the Periodic Table
Authors: Leigh G.J. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
The Periodic Table is now regarded as such a fundamental part of current chemical research and teaching that it is salutary to learn that this prominence is a relatively recent development. IUPAC was established in its present form in 1919, but the roots of the Table go back much further. The general realization of the value of the Periodic Table to rationalize and teach chemistry has only come about since the new flowering of inorganic chemistry, which can be dated to the 1960s. Today the most popular form of the Table and its updating and dissemination owe much to IUPAC, though this was not always the case.
The New SI: The International System of Units is getting a Makeover
Authors: Mills Ian , Marquardt Roberto 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Metrology, the science of measurement, is part of the essential but largely hidden infrastructure of the modern world. We need it for high-technology manufacturing, human health and safety, the protection of the environment, global climate studies, information transfer and the basic science that underpins all these. Highly accurate measurements are no longer the preserve of only the physical sciences and engineering. The International System of Units, the SI (Système International d’unités), provides the internationally agreed means by which we make such measurements.
Universal Framework for OWL2 Ontology Transformations
Authors: Hnatkowska Bogumiła , Woroniecki Paweł 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Domain ontologies are valuable knowledge assets with many potential applications, e.g. in software engineering. Their content is often a subject of bi-directional transformations. Unfortunately, a centralized transformation service which can be easily extended with new mappers is not available for ontology users. In consequence, they have to deal with many different translation programs, which have to be installed and learned separately. The paper presents a framework for universal ontology processing, dedicated to ontologies expressed in OWL2. The framework usefulness was verified by a proof-of-concept implementation, for which an existing OWL2 to Groovy translator was adapted. During the integration process, the translator functionality was enhanced with ontology individuals mapping. The exemplary implementation confirmed that the framework with plug-in architecture is flexible and easy for customization. The ontology stakeholders should benefit from the reduced cognitive load and more satisfying transformation process.
Retinal Fundus Image for Glaucoma Detection: A Review and Study
Authors: Kanse Shilpa Sameer , Yadav Dinkar Manik 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Glaucoma is one of the severe visual diseases that lead to damage the eyes irreversibly by affecting the optic nerve fibers and astrocytes. Consequently, the early detection of glaucoma plays a virtual role in the medical field. The literature presents various techniques for the early detection of glaucoma. Among the various techniques, retinal image-based detection plays a major role as it comes under noninvasive methods of detection. While detecting glaucoma disorder using retinal images, various medical features of the eyes, such as retinal nerve fiber layer, cup-to-disc ratio, apex point, optic disc, and optic nerve head, and image features, such as Haralick texture, higher-order spectra, and wavelet energy, are used. In this paper, a review and study were conducted for the different techniques of glaucoma detection using retinal fundus images. Accordingly, 45 research papers were reviewed and the analysis was provided based on the extracted features, classification accuracy, and the usage of different data sets, such as DIARETDB1 data set, MESSIDOR data set, IPN data set, ZEISS data set, local data set, and real data set. Finally, we present the various research issues and solutions that can be useful for the researchers to accomplish further research on glaucoma detection.
A Review on Concrete Structures Strengthened with CFRP Sheets Bonded with Organic and Inorganic Cementation Materials
Authors: Yan Youxi , Lan Shengning , Jiang Qiongming , Zhang Leilei , Huang Yingna 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Carbon fiber–reinforced polymer (CFRP) sheets have been widely applied in civil engineering, and the bonded materials are important components in the practical strengthening process. Presently, epoxy adhesive is the most widely used cementation material, but the inorganic materials are developing rapidly. This article reviews the taxonomy and origin of cementation material used in civil engineering as structural adhesives to create the bond between CFRP and summarizes the properties of epoxy adhesive, alkali-activated cementing material, magnesium oxychloride cement, and cement-based composite material. The conclusion shows that using an inorganic adhesive as a binder can fix the temperature problems of organic materials and improve the bearing capacity of reinforced concrete structures. At present, the inorganic adhesive also has weaknesses, which indicates the future research directions.