bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Obturator dislocation of the femoral head combined with ipsilateral femoral neck and pubic fractures
Authors: Hu Yu-chen , Gao Feng , Liu He , Chen Liang-shi , Li Yun-long , Li Zheng-wei , Huang Chao , Wang Yang , Piao Cheng-dong 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Rationale:
Obturator dislocation of the femoral head combined with ipsilateral femoral neck and pubic fracture is a rare injury. We used cannulated screws combined with a femoral neck medial plate for the first time to treat this type of injury and achieved good follow-up results.

Patient concerns:
The patient was hospitalized due to an accident resulting in swelling and deformity accompanied by limited mobility of the right hip and left knee.

Diagnoses:
X-ray examination and computed tomography confirmed that the patient suffered from right hip obturator dislocation, femoral head and neck fracture, pubic fracture, as well as open fracture of the left femoral shaft.

Interventions:
Open reduction and internal fixation with cannulated screws and a medial support plate of the femoral neck were performed for the right hip obturator dislocation, femoral head and neck fracture, and the pubic fracture. Artificial bone grafting was performed to support the femoral head defect. Debridement and the second phase of internal fixation were executed to cure the open fracture of the left femoral shaft.

Outcomes:
The patient was followed-up for 6 months and showed good hip function. X-ray examination and computed tomography indicated that the fractures healed well without fracture displacement or loosening of the implants. Meanwhile, there were no signs of femoral neck valgus and femoral head necrosis observed.

Lessons:
The combination of cannulated screws and medial support plate was suggested for the treatment of hip obturator dislocation and femoral head and neck fracture. Furthermore, partial weight loading exercise should be performed promptly to reduce the risk of muscular atrophy and myasthenia.
Effective treatment using itraconazole combined with terbinafine in the treatment of nasal sporotrichosis
Authors: Guo Keying , Wang Shenghua , Wang Zhenying , Zhang Li 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Rationale:
Sporotrichosis is a subacute or chronic infection caused by sporothrix schenckii complex. The misdiagnosis rate of sporotrichosis is very high. Fungal microscopic examination and timely culture help us make an accurate diagnosis and treatment. We observed that combined treatments are more effective than monotherapy in treatment of sporotrichosis.

Patient concerns:
A 47-year-old female complained of pustules and scabs on her nose tip that lasted for 1 month at our hospital. She was diagnosed with skin infection and treated with antibiotics for 20 days. Nonetheless, the treatment did not result in any improvement with the lesion.

Diagnoses:
The results on bacterial culture, sensitive test, special stains, and multiple acid-fast cultures were negative. Finally, fungi were observed by KOH. Finally, fungal hyphae were observed by KOH and by fluorescent staining. Taupe filamentous colonies of sporothrix-like species appeared by fungal culture. The diagnosis of sporotrichosis was finally confirmed based on the lesion characteristics and the results of laboratory examination.

Interventions:
The lesions did not alleviate with Itraconazole oral administration for 1 month. Then we treated the patient with the combination therapy of itraconazole (ITR) and terbinafine. At the same time, the compound glycyrrhizin tablet was used for liver protection.

Outcomes:
The patient was free of clinical symptoms of sporotrichosis following the treatment and did not have complications during an 8-month follow-up.

Lessons:
We should always be alert to sporotrichosis although it is not a very common disease. It is important to adapt fungi microscopic analysis and culture for an accurate diagnosis. ITR is the first choice for sporotrichosis. However, combination treatment is more effective for stubborn cases.
Screening for microRNA-based diagnostic markers in hepatic alveolar echinococcosis
Authors: Ren Bin , Wang Haijiu , Ren Li , Yangdan Cairang , Zhou Ying , Fan Haining , Lv Yi 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
This study aims to screen differentially expressed host miRNAs that could be used as diagnostic markers for liver alveolar echinococcosis (LAE).
Differentially expressed miRNAs were first screened by miRNA microarray in liver tissues from2 LAE patients and normal liver tissues from 3 LAE patients, followed by qRT-PCR validation in 15 LAE tissues and 15 normal tissues. Target genes of differentially expressed miRNAs were predicted using Targetscan, PITA and microRNAorg database, and the overlapped predicted target genes were analyzed by GO and KEGG.
The hsa-miR-1237-3p, hsa-miR-33b-3p, and hsa-miR-483-3p were up-regulated whereas the hsa-miR-4306 was down-regulated in LAE tissues compared with normal controls (P < .05). The expression change of miR-483-3p was further confirmed in both liver tissues and plasma. Several predicted targets of miR-1237-3p, miR-4306, and miR-483-3p were related to DNA-dependent transcriptional regulation, developmental regulation of multicellular organisms, and biological functions such as cellular immune responses (T cell proliferation). The overlapped predicted target genes of the 4 differentially expressed miRNAs were enriched in mRNA surveillance, cancer signaling pathway, intestinal immune network, and other signal pathways.
Our results indicate that miR-483-3p is a potential marker for the diagnosis of LAE, and targets of this miRNA could be the focus of further studies.
Association between the detection rate of thyroid cancer and the external radiation dose-rate after the nuclear power plant accidents in Fukushima, Japan
Authors: Yamamoto Hidehiko , Hayashi Keiji , Scherb Hagen 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
A thyroid cancer ultrasonography screening for all residents 18 years old or younger living in the Fukushima prefecture started in October 2011 to investigate the possible effect of the radiological contamination after the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accidents as of March 12 to 15, 2011. Thyroid cancer in 184 cases was reported by February 2017. The question arises to which extent those cancer cases are a biological consequence of the radiation exposure or an artefactual result of the intense screening of a large population.
Experiences with the Chernobyl accident suggest that the external dose may be considered a valid surrogate for the internal dose of the thyroid gland. We, therefore, calculated the average external effective dose-rate (μSv/h) for the 59 municipalities of the Fukushima prefecture based on published data of air and soil radiation. We further determined the municipality-specific absolute numbers of thyroid cancers found by each of the two screening rounds in the corresponding municipality-specific exposed person-time observed. A possible association between the radiation exposure and the thyroid cancer detection rate was analyzed with Poisson regression assuming Poisson distributed thyroid cancer cases in the exposed person-time observed per municipality.
The target populations consisted of 367,674 and 381,286 children and adolescents for the 1st and the 2nd screening rounds, respectively. In the 1st screening, 300,476 persons participated and 270,489 in the 2nd round. From October 2011 to March 2016, a total of 184 cancer cases were found in 1,079,786 person-years counted from the onset of the exposure to the corresponding examination periods in the municipalities. A significant association between the external effective dose-rate and the thyroid cancer detection rate exists: detection rate ratio (DRR) per μSv/h 1.065 (1.013, 1.119). Restricting the analysis to the 53 municipalities that received less than 2 μSv/h, and which represent 176 of the total 184 cancer cases, the association appears to be considerably stronger: DRR per μSv/h 1.555 (1.096, 2.206).
The average radiation dose-rates in the 59 municipalities of the Fukushima prefecture in June 2011 and the corresponding thyroid cancer detection rates in the period October 2011 to March 2016 show statistically significant relationships.
The wedge insole for the treatment of knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Chen Shuling , Sun Yicheng , Ma Guanhua , Yin Xunlu , Liang Long 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Background:
Functional limitations and pain are common presenting complaints for people suffering from knee osteoarthritis. Wedge insole can be sued for treatment of knee osteoarthritis. Hence, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to explicit the efficacy of wedge insole in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis.

Methods:
A systematic literature search for studies will be performed in MEDLINE, Embase, the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure Database (CNKI), Cochrane Library, Web of Science. The methodological quality of the included studies using the risk bias assessment tool of Cochrane. Funnel plot will be used to assess the reporting bias. And the level of evidence for results are assessed by the GRADE method. Statistical analysis is conducted with Revman 5.3.

Results:
This systematic review and meta-analysis will provide a synthesis of evidences for wedge insole on knee osteoarthritis.

Conclusion:
The conclusion of this study will provide recommendations to assess effectiveness of exercise on knee osteoarthritis, which may further guide clinical practice.

PROSPERO registration number:
CRD42018096804
Surgical treatment for Xp11.2 translocation renal cell carcinoma with venous thrombus
Authors: Ge Liyuan , Tian Xiaojun , Ma Jing , Zhao Guojiang , Song Yimeng , Zhang Shudong , Ma Lulin 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The aim of the study was to report the experience and outcomes of Xp11.2 translocation renal cell carcinoma (tRCC) patients with tumor thrombus undergoing radical nephrectomy and thrombectomy.
Between January 2017 and December 2017, 66 consecutive patients with RCC and venous thrombus involvement received surgical treatment at Peking University Third Hospital. Of which, 5 patients were confirmed of Xp11.2 tRCC, 61 patients were diagnosed of non-tRCC subtypes including 45 ccRCCs, 10 pRCCs, and 6 other subtypes. Demographic, clinical, operation, pathological and follow-up data were extracted for analysis. Prognostic factors were identified by Cox regression analysis.
All the patients received radical nephrectomy and thrombectomy successfully. During a median follow-up of 18 months, 5 patients in non-tRCC group and 1 patient in tRCC group died of disease progression. Survival analysis revealed that Xp11.2 tRCC patients experienced shorter DFS than non-tRCC patients, however, there is no significant difference in OS between two groups. Xp11.2 tRCC histological subtype and presence of metastasis at diagnosis were identified as independent negative factors of DFS by multivariate analysis.
Radical nephrectomy with thrombectomy provides an acceptable efficacy for tRCC patients with tumor thrombus extending into the venous system. In addition, multimodality treatment should be considered for advanced Xp11.2 RCCs as this subtype was a negative prognostic factor of DFS.
Sera total oxidant/antioxidant status in lung cancer patients
Authors: Xiang Miao , Feng Jiafu , Geng Lidan , Yang Yuwei , Dai Chunmei , Li Jie , Liao Yao , Wang Dong , Du Xiao-Bo 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
We investigated oxidative stress parameters in the sera of patients with lung cancer and healthy individuals to evaluate their correlations with lung cancer.
Ninety-four lung cancer patients and 64 healthy controls were enrolled after obtaining informed consent. Their sera oxidative stress parameters were measured.
Total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), and oxidative stress index (OSI) were significantly different between patients and healthy groups (all P < .001). TAS gradually decreased and TOS and OSI gradually increased from stage I to III, but it did not reach statistical significance (all P > .05). TAS and OSI were significantly different between the nonsmoking and smoking groups, radiotherapy and without radiotherapy groups, chemotherapy and without chemotherapy groups (P < .05), but not TOS (P > .05). In a receiver operating characteristic curve analysis comparing patients with lung cancer with healthy controls, the Youden indices of TOS, TAS, and OSI were 0.541, 0.532, and 1, respectively.
The oxidative stress may be correlation with lung cancer staging. Smoking, surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy showed correlation with parts oxidative stress parameters.
Neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio as an early predictor for patients with acute paraquat poisoning
Authors: Cao Zong Xun , Song Ya Qi , Bai Wen Jing , Wang Wen Jie , Zhao Yong , Zhang Su Li , Feng Shun Yi 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
This retrospective study aimed to investigate whether the neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (NLR) can be used as an early predictor of 90-day survival in patients with acute paraquat (PQ) poisoning.
This study enrolled 105 patients with acute PQ poisoning admitted from May 2012 to May 2018. Kaplan–Meier curve, receiver operating characteristic curve, and Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were used to investigate the predictive value of NLR for 90–day survival of patients with acute PQ poisoning.
The 90-day survival rate was 40.95% (43/105). Survivors had lower NLR (P <.001), which was an independent predictor of 90-day survival according to the Cox proportional hazard regression analyses. The area under the NLR curve was 0.842 (95% CI: 0.767–0.917, P <.001) in predicting 90-day survival.
Our findings showed that low NLR was a valuable early predictor of 90-day survival in patients with acute PQ poisoning.
Sequelae of an Evidence-based Approach to Management for Access to Care in the Veterans Health Administration
Authors: Kaboli Peter J. , Miake-Lye Isomi M. , Ruser Christopher , Yano Elizabeth M. , Orshansky Greg , Rubenstein Lisa , Curtis Idamay , Kirsh Susan , Hempel Susanne 
Published: September 2019

Background:
Access to health care is a critical concept in the design, delivery, and evaluation of high quality care. Meaningful evaluation of access requires research evidence and the integration of perspectives of patients, providers, and administrators.

Objective:
Because of high-profile access challenges, the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) invested in research and implemented initiatives to address access management. We describe a 2-year evidence-based approach to improving access in primary care.

Methods:
The approach included an Evidence Synthesis Program (ESP) report, a 22-site in-person qualitative evaluation of VA initiatives, and in-person and online stakeholder panel meetings facilitated by the RAND corporation. Subsequent work products were disseminated in a targeted strategy to increase impact on policy and practice.

Results:
The ESP report summarized existing research evidence in primary care management and an evaluation of ongoing initiatives provided organizational data and novel metrics. The stakeholder panel served as a source of insights and information, as well as a knowledge dissemination vector. Work products included the ESP report, a RAND report, peer-reviewed manuscripts, presentations at key conferences, and training materials for VA Group Practice Managers. Resulting policy and practice implications are discussed.

Conclusions:
The commissioning of an evidence report was the beginning of a cascade of work including exploration of unanswered questions, novel research and measurement discoveries, and policy changes and innovation. These results demonstrate what can be achieved in a learning health care system that employs evidence and expertise to address complex issues such as access management.
E-SCOPE
Authors: Henry Shayna L. , Mohan Yasmina , Whittaker Joel L. , Koster Marguerite A. , Schottinger Joanne E. , Kanter Michael H. 
Published: September 2019

Background:
More than 50,000 randomized controlled trials and 8000 systematic reviews are anticipated to be published annually in the coming years. This huge volume of published findings makes it challenging for health care delivery systems to review new evidence, prioritize health care practices that warrant implementation, and implement best practices.

Objective:
The objective of this study was to describe the Kaiser Permanente Southern California E-SCOPE (Evidence Scanning for Clinical, Operational, and Practice Efficiencies) program, a systematic method to accelerate the implementation of evidence-based practices in clinical care settings.

Methods:
E-SCOPE uses a strategic evidence search algorithm to conduct proactive literature searches to identify high-quality studies of interventions that yield improved health outcomes, quality and/or efficiency of care delivery, or cost savings. Each quarterly search yields 500–1000 abstracts; about 5%–10% of studies are selected each quarter for consideration for implementation. These studies are presented to clinical and operational leaders and other stakeholders to make the final determination regarding the implementation of the practice; E-SCOPE staff work closely with stakeholders to develop an implementation plan, identify practice owners, and ensure sustainability.

Results:
The time from study publication to implementation using the E-SCOPE process ranges from 4 to 36 months, with an average of ∼16 months. Four examples of E-SCOPE implementation efforts, including new deployment, scale-up/spread, deimplementation, and operational efforts, are described.

Conclusion:
A single, centralized program for the proactive identification of the most up-to-date, evidence-based best practices and facilitated implementation can efficiently and effectively promote continuous learning and implementation in a learning health care system.
Multidimensional screening for predicting pain problems in adults: a systematic review of screening tools and validation studies
Authors: Veirman Elke , Van Ryckeghem Dimitri M. L. , De Paepe Annick , Kirtley Olivia J. , Crombez Geert 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Screening tools allowing to predict poor pain outcomes are widely used. Often these screening tools contain psychosocial risk factors. This review (1) identifies multidimensional screening tools that include psychosocial risk factors for the development or maintenance of pain, pain-related distress, and pain-related disability across pain problems in adults, (2) evaluates the quality of the validation studies using Prediction model Risk Of Bias ASsessment Tool (PROBAST), and (3) synthesizes methodological concerns. We identified 32 articles, across 42 study samples, validating 7 screening tools. All tools were developed in the context of musculoskeletal pain, most often back pain, and aimed to predict the maintenance of pain or pain-related disability, not pain-related distress. Although more recent studies design, conduct, analyze, and report according to best practices in prognosis research, risk of bias was most often moderate. Common methodological concerns were identified, related to participant selection (eg, mixed populations), predictors (eg, predictors were administered differently to predictors in the development study), outcomes (eg, overlap between predictors and outcomes), sample size and participant flow (eg, unknown or inappropriate handling of missing data), and analysis (eg, wide variety of performance measures). Recommendations for future research are provided.
Spinal cord stimulation prevents paclitaxel-induced mechanical and cold hypersensitivity and modulates spinal gene expression in rats
Authors: Sivanesan Eellan , Stephens Kimberly E. , Huang Qian , Chen Zhiyong , Ford Neil C. , Duan Wanru , He Shao-Qui , Gao Xinyan , Linderoth Bengt , Raja Srinivasa N. , Guan Yun 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Introduction:
Paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy (PIPN) is a common dose-limiting side effect of this cancer treatment drug. Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) has demonstrated efficacy for attenuating some neuropathic pain conditions.

Objective:
We aim to examine the inhibitory effect of SCS on the development of PIPN pain and changes of gene expression in the spinal cord in male rats after SCS.

Methods:
We examined whether traditional SCS (50 Hz, 6–8 h/session daily for 14 consecutive days) administered during paclitaxel treatment (1.5 mg/kg, i.p.) attenuates PIPN-related pain behavior. After SCS treatment, we performed RNA-seq of the lumbar spinal cord to examine which genes are differentially expressed after PIPN with and without SCS.

Results:
Compared to rats treated with paclitaxel alone (n = 7) or sham SCS (n = 6), SCS treatment (n = 11) significantly inhibited the development of paclitaxel-induced mechanical and cold hypersensitivity, without altering open-field exploratory behavior. RNA-seq showed that SCS induced upregulation of 836 genes and downregulation of 230 genes in the spinal cord of paclitaxel-treated rats (n = 3) as compared to sham SCS (n = 5). Spinal cord stimulation upregulated immune responses in paclitaxel-treated rats, including transcription of astrocyte- and microglial-related genes, but repressed transcription of multiple gene networks associated with synapse transmission, neuron projection development, γ-aminobutyric acid reuptake, and neuronal plasticity.

Conclusion:
Our findings suggest that traditional SCS may attenuate the development of pain-related behaviors in PIPN rats, possibly by causing aggregate inhibition of synaptic plasticity through upregulation and downregulation of gene networks in the spinal cord.
Utility of Longitudinal Measurement of the Liver With Ultrasound in Comparison to Computed Tomography Liver Volume in Assessing Hepatomegaly
Authors: Surasi Devaki Shilpa Sudha , Jazbeh Sammer , Nicek Zachary S. , Zanabria Rosemarie G. , Wells Richard T. , Patel Aashka , Alhyari Laith , Wagner Jason M. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The purpose of the study is to retrospectively compare the longitudinal measurement of the liver on ultrasound (US) with liver volume as measured on computed tomography (CT). This institutional review board–approved retrospective study with prospective image analysis included adult patients with US examinations of the liver and CT examinations of the abdomen performed within 2 weeks of each other from January 1, 2010, to April 30, 2016. We recorded the dome-to-tip longitudinal length measurement of the right lobe of the liver on the US study. The liver volume was calculated using manual 3-dimensional segmentation of the CT data set. Additional linear liver measurements and qualitative assessments were retrospectively made on the US and CT images. Hepatomegaly was defined as a liver volume 2000 mL or greater. The sample had 302 patients including 140 males and 162 females. Liver length measured on US had a moderate positive correlation with liver volume measured on CT, with a Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.7078. The optimum cutoff of liver length (US) was found to be 17 cm by Youden index, with a sensitivity of 76.0% and specificity of 73.4% for hepatomegaly. Additional linear measurements and qualitative assessments of the liver did not significantly improve the diagnosis of hepatomegaly. In conclusion, liver length measured with US has only a moderate correlation with liver volume. Commonly used US liver length maximum values of 16 to 18 cm produce a significant number of false-negatives and false-positives for the diagnosis of hepatomegaly.