bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alternating temperature in postharvest cooling treatment of ‘Fiano’ and ‘Falanghina’ grapes affects cell wall enzyme rate, berry softening and polyphenols
Authors: Coletta Cosimo , Botondi Rinaldo , Forniti Roberto , Baccelloni Simone , Bellincontro Andrea , Mencarelli Fabio 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDIn wine production, temperature control is important and cooling techniques are frequently used to cool down grape must. Grape compound extraction is facilitated by enzymatic cell wall disassembly. Accordingly, our hypothesis is that the use of an alternating temperature could favor enzyme activity and thus berry compound extraction.RESULTSWhite wine grapes (cvs ‘Falanghina’ and ‘Fiano’) were kept at 4 °C or at an alternating temperature (4 and 20 °C with a 6‐h interval) for 24 h. During the cooling treatment, berry skin resistance, berry firmness and native enzymes from the cell wall were analyzed; sugars, total acidity, malic acid and polyphenols were also measured. In ‘Falanghina’, α‐d‐glucosidase, β‐d‐galactosidase and pectinmethylesterase increased in grape berry kept at an alternating temperature, and the berry firmness decreased and the polyphenol content was greater than in the other sample. In ‘Fiano’, polygalacturonase and pectinmethylesterase were responsable for berry softening and, overall, with an alternating temperature, the activity was higher and, consequently, sugars and polyphenol contents were higher.CONCLUSIONInstead of just cooling wine grape, a 24‐h cycle of low and high temperature on wine grape after harvest could be used to increase cell wall enzyme activity and, consequently, decrease the berry firmness, favouring an increase in sugars and polyphenol contents. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Reproducibility of 2 Liver 2‐Dimensional Shear Wave Elastographic Techniques in the Fasting and Postprandial States
Authors: Simkin Paul , Rattansingh Anand , Liu Kuan , Hudson John M. , Atri Mostafa , Jang Hyun‐Jung , Kim Tae Kyoung , Khalili Korosh 
Published: December 2018

ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to compare the reliability and agreement of 2 methods of 2‐dimensional (2D) shear wave elastography (SWE) on liver stiffness in healthy volunteers. We also assessed effects of the prandial state and operator experience on measurements.MethodsTwo operators, 1 experienced and 1 novice, independently examined 20 healthy volunteers with 2D SWE on 2 ultrasound machines (Aixplorer [SuperSonic Imagine, Aix‐en‐Provence, France] and Aplio 500 [Canon Medical Systems Corporation, Otawara, Japan]). Volunteers were scanned 8 times by the operators using both machines in fasting and postprandial states. Agreement was evaluated by a Bland‐Altman analysis, and the correlation was assessed by the Pearson correlation and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). An analysis of variance was conducted to determine the contribution of the machine, prandial state, and operator experience to the variability.ResultsAgreement assessed by Bland‐Altman plots showed no statistically significant difference in measured liver stiffness between the machines (mean difference, –0.8%; 95% confidence interval, –3.7%, 2.1%), with a critical difference of 1.36 kPa. The correlation was good to excellent for both the crude overall Pearson coefficient and the ICC, both measuring 0.88 (95% confidence interval, 0.82, 0.92). Subclass ICCs for the fasting state, postprandial state, novice operator, and experienced operator were 0.89, 0.88, 0.90, and 0.86, respectively. The 2‐way mixed effect analysis of variance showed that the volunteers accounted for 86.3% of variation in median liver stiffness, with no statistically significant contribution from operator experience, the prandial state, or the machine (P = .108, .067, and .296, respectively).ConclusionsOur study showed that the 2D SWE techniques had a high degree of reliability and agreement in measurement of liver stiffness in a healthy population. Operator experience and the prandial state did not impart significant variability to stiffness measurements.
Osteitis is associated with dysregulated pro‐osteoblastic activity in patients with nasal polyps
Authors: Wu Dawei , Nocera Angela L. , Mueller Sarina K. , Finn Kristen , Libermann Towia A. , Bleier Benjamin S. 
Published: December 2018

Objectives/HypothesisThe overlying inflammatory mucosa plays a crucial role in the initiation of osteitis; however, the molecular mechanism is unclear. The objective of this study was to explore the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) pathway and to correlate the expression of key signaling molecules with the degree of osteitis in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP).Study DesignProspective experimental analysis.MethodsThis was an institutional review board–approved study in which mucosal samples were obtained from sites of osteitis in CRSwNP and compared to nonosteitic healthy controls (n = 10/group). Protein expression of key BMP pathway was quantified by aptamer‐based protein array and confirmed by a set of selected mRNA analyses. Degree of osteitis was assessed using both Kennedy Osteitis Score and Global Osteitis Score (GOS).ResultsPro‐osteoblastic expression of BMP7 (fold change [FC] = −1.18, P = .017) and BMP9 (FC = −1.32, P = .023), their receptors, BMP receptor type‐1A (BMPR1A) (FC = −2.56, P = .005) and BMP receptor type‐2 (FC = −1.28, P = .022), and two enhancers of BMP signaling pathway, the repulsive guidance molecule domain family member B (FC = −1.13, P = .008) and the chordin‐like protein 1 (FC = −1.18, P = .027), were all significantly downregulated in CRSwNP. Conversely, the pro‐osteoclastic factor, tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase type 5 (ACP5) (FC = 2.36, P = .001), was significantly increased in CRSwNP. GOS was inversely correlated with levels of BMP7 (r = −0.684, P =  .005) and BMPR1A (r = −0.864, P =  .005) and positively correlated with levels of ACP5 (r = 0.815, P =  .004). The FCs among the proteins studied significantly and positively correlated with the FCs of their mRNA expression (r = 0.908, P =  .002).ConclusionsDownregulated pro‐osteoblastic mucosal BMP signaling is strongly and significantly associated with increased osteitis in CRSwNP.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 129:E102–E109, 2019
Evaluating the potential of Bayesian networks for desertification assessment in arid areas of Iran
Authors: Boali Abdolhossein , Bashari Hossein , Jafari Reza 
Published: December 2018

AbstractSpatiotemporal complexities increase the uncertainty of the results of various desertification assessment models. We integrated the Mediterranean desertification and land‐use (MEDALUS) model with Bayesian networks (BNs) to develop a novel method for desertification assessment in central Iran. We first derived the current desertification status of the study area from empirical observations of actual, current desertification conditions and mapped the obtained status based on the criteria of the MEDALUS model. We then utilized BNs to produce three separate causal models for the soil, groundwater, and wind erosion indicators of the MEDALUS model. We then integrated all the related indicators and indices into a desertification assessment BNs model. After the reevaluation and sensitivity analysis of the model, we compared its results with those of the MEDALUS model. The obtained results highlighted soil condition and wind erosion as the main determinants of desertification in the study area. Considering the ability of BNs to accommodate uncertainty in the assessment process, these models can assist relevant authorities in making informed decisions. They can also be applied as decision support tools for adaptive management in fragile ecosystems of arid areas.
Electrochemical measurements and corrosion characterization of steel in naphthenic acid solution at high temperature
Authors: Zhou G.F. , Yang W. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe corrosion behavior of a low carbon steel in simulated high temperature naphthenic acid environment has been investigated by the measurements of electrolyte conductivity, potentiodynamic polarization, and galvanic corrosion behavior test. The results indicate that the conductivity of naphthenic acid oil solution is in range of 0.003–0.008 μs/cm, which is far lower than that of pure water of 0.05 μs/cm. Besides, the paralleled polarization curve measured at the same condition shows different polarization behavior. The low solution conductivity and/or the difficulty in triggering the corrosion process by electrochemical manner may be responsible for this. Moreover, the galvanic corrosion test shows that the galvanic effect did not occur. Therefore, the naphthenic acid corrosion of steel is difficult to proceed at the manner of electrochemical mechanism but chemical mechanism.
Cutting performance of cemented carbide cutting tool in turning high‐density fiberboard
Authors: Zhu Z. , Cao P. , Guo X. , Qiu X. , Xie S. , Ekevad M. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractIn order to provide a scientific and reliable guidance for wood processing industry, the effects of cutting parameters on cutting forces, cutting temperature and tool wear were studied when turning high‐density fiberboard by use of cemented‐carbide cutting tools. The results showed that cutting forces (normal force and radial force) and cutting temperature are not affected by the cutting parameters in the same way: cutting forces decrease with increasing spindle speed, whereas cutting temperature increase with an increase of the spindle speed. However, there is a positive relation for cutting forces and temperature, to the feed per turn when cutting. The wear of the cemented‐carbide cutting tool is shown by two mechanisms: Mainly adhesive wear but also abrasive wear, showed by loss of carbide‐grains and by cracking and chipping, respectively. This study also indicated that higher‐speed cutting is beneficial for wood‐processing; evident by reduced energy for cutting and higher efficiency in production.
An efficient high‐precision recursive dynamic algorithm for closed‐loop multibody systems
Authors: Hu Jingchen , Wang Tianshu 
Published: December 2018

SummaryAs most closed‐loop multibody systems do not have independent generalized coordinates, their dynamic equations are differential/algebraic equations (DAEs). In order to accurately solve DAEs, a usual method is using generalized α‐class numerical methods to convert DAEs into difference equations by differential discretization and solve them by the Newton iteration method. However, the complexity of this method is O(n2) or more in each iteration, since it requires calculating the complex Jacobian matrix. Therefore, how to improve computational efficiency is an urgent problem. In this paper, we modify this method to make it more efficient. The first change is in the phase of building dynamic equations. We use the spatial vector note and the recursive method to establish dynamic equations (DAEs) of closed‐loop multibody systems, which makes the Jacobian matrix have a special sparse structure. The second change is in the phase of solving difference equations. On the basis of the topology information of the system, we simplify this Jacobian matrix by proper matrix processing and solve the difference equations recursively. After these changes, the algorithm complexity can reach O(n) in each iteration. The algorithm proposed in this paper is not only accurate, which can control well the position/velocity constraint errors, but also efficient. It is suitable for chain systems, tree systems, and closed‐loop systems.
A single institutional review of pediatric Bacillus spp. bloodstream infections demonstrates increased incidence among children with cancer
Authors: Shulman David S. , Mehrotra Preeti , Blonquist Traci M. , Capraro Andrew , Lehmann Leslie E. , Silverman Lewis B. , Surana Neeraj K. , Place Andrew E. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBackgroundBacillus species are known to cause severe infection in immunocompromised hosts. The incidence of Bacillus bloodstream infections and characteristics of infection among children with cancer or indication for hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) is unknown.MethodsWe performed a retrospective medical record review of all cases of Bacillus bacteremia between January 1, 2005, and December 31, 2014, at Boston Children's Hospital. We report average incidences from 2012 to 2014. We performed a detailed review of infections among children with cancer or undergoing HCT and a case–control study to evaluate whether neutropenia at diagnosis caries higher risk of Bacillus infection for children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).ResultsOne hundred fourteen children developed Bacillus bacteremia during the study period, with an estimated incidence of 0.27/1,000 patients. Among children treated for cancer or undergoing HCT, there were 37 bloodstream infections (2.0/1,000 patients). Of the 37 oncology/HCT patients, oncologic diagnoses included ALL (18), acute myeloid leukemia (3), myelodysplastic syndrome (1), solid tumors (8), and 7 children were undergoing HCT. The incidence of infection among children with ALL was 34/1,000 patients and all central nervous system (CNS) infections (6) and deaths (3) occurred in this population. Neutropenia at time of diagnosis in children with ALL was not associated with risk of infection (P = 0.17).DiscussionWe report the first hospital‐wide analysis of Bacillus infection and found that immunocompromised children experience a significant proportion of Bacillus infections. Children with ALL have a high incidence of infection and are at higher risk of CNS involvement and death.
Prostate cancer induces C/EBPβ expression in surrounding epithelial cells which relates to tumor aggressiveness and patient outcome
Authors: Adamo Hanibal , Hammarsten Peter , Hägglöf Christina , Dahl Scherdin Tove , Egevad Lars , Stattin Pär , Halin Bergström Sofia , Bergh Anders 
Published: December 2018

BackgroundImplantation of rat prostate cancer cells into the normal rat prostate results in tumor‐stimulating adaptations in the tumor‐bearing organ. Similar changes are seen in prostate cancer patients and they are related to outcome. One gene previously found to be upregulated in the non‐malignant part of tumor‐bearing prostate lobe in rats was the transcription factor CCAAT/enhancer‐binding protein‐β (C/EBPβ).MethodsTo explore this further, we examined C/EBPβ expression by quantitative RT‐PCR, immunohistochemistry, and Western blot in normal rat prostate tissue surrounding slow‐growing non‐metastatic Dunning G, rapidly growing poorly metastatic (AT‐1), and rapidly growing highly metastatic (MatLyLu) rat prostate tumors―and also by immunohistochemistry in a tissue microarray (TMA) from prostate cancer patients managed by watchful waiting.ResultsIn rats, C/EBPβ mRNA expression was upregulated in the surrounding tumor‐bearing prostate lobe. In tumors and in the surrounding non‐malignant prostate tissue, C/EBPβ was detected by immunohistochemistry in some epithelial cells and in infiltrating macrophages. The magnitude of glandular epithelial C/EBPβ expression in the tumor‐bearing prostates was associated with tumor size, distance to the tumor, and metastatic capacity. In prostate cancer patients, high expression of C/EBPβ in glandular epithelial cells in the surrounding tumor‐bearing tissue was associated with accumulation of M1 macrophages (iNOS+) and favorable outcome. High expression of C/EBPβ in tumor epithelial cells was associated with high Gleason score, high tumor cell proliferation, metastases, and poor outcome.ConclusionsThis study suggest that the expression of C/EBP‐beta, a transcription factor mediating multiple biological effects, is differentially expressed both in the benign parts of the tumor‐bearing prostate and in prostate tumors, and that alterations in this may be related to patient outcome.
An attribute control chart for multivariate Poisson distribution using multiple dependent state repetitive sampling
Authors: Aldosari Mansour Sattam , Aslam Muhammad , Srinivasa Rao Gadde , Jun Chi‐Hyuck 
Published: December 2018

AbstractIn this paper, an attribute control chart for a multivariate Poisson distribution using multiple dependent state repetitive sampling (MDSRS) is presented. The evaluation of the proposed control chart is given through the average run length (ARL). The proposed control chart performs better than the existing control chart based on repetitive sampling and that using multiple dependent state sampling in terms of ARLs. A real example and a simulation study are added to explain the procedure and to demonstrate the power of the proposed control chart.
A reconfiguration control framework for constrained systems with sensor stuck faults
Authors: Famularo Domenico , Franzè Giuseppe , Lucia Walter , Manna Cristina 
Published: December 2018

SummaryIn this paper, a sensor stuck fault‐tolerant control framework for linear time‐invariant plant models subject to input/state constraints and bounded disturbances is presented. A receding horizon control reconfigurable scheme is proposed to contrast undesired effects due to sensors malfunctioning. The main merit of this strategy relies on its intrinsic capability to quickly identify fault occurrences and to take a decision on the adequate control action. This is formally obtained by jointly exploiting set‐theoretic polyhedral ideas and the certainty equivalence concept. A numerical example is provided and the control performance contrasted with a well‐reputed competitor fault‐tolerant control scheme.
Robust learning control for nonlinear systems with nonparametric uncertainties and nonuniform trial lengths
Authors: Shen Dong , Xu Jian‐Xin 
Published: December 2018

SummaryThis paper proposes robust iterative learning control schemes for continuous‐time nonlinear systems with various nonparametric uncertainties under nonuniform trial length circumstances. The nonuniform trial length is described by a random variable, which causes a random data missing problem while designing and analyzing algorithms for the precise tracking problem. Three common types of nonparametric uncertainties are taken into account: norm‐bounded uncertainty, variation‐norm‐bounded uncertainty, and norm‐bounded uncertainty with unknown coefficients. A novel composite energy function is introduced with the help of a newly defined virtual tracking error for the asymptotical convergence of the proposed schemes. Extensions to multiple‐input–multiple‐output cases are also elaborated. Illustrative simulations are provided to verify the theoretical results.
Copper‐Catalyzed Three‐Component Reaction of Oxadiazoles, Elemental Se/S and Aryl Iodides: Synthesis of Chalcogenyl (Se/S)‐Oxadiazoles
Authors: Peterle Marcos M. , Scheide Marcos R. , Silva Lais T. , Saba Sumbal , Rafique Jamal , Braga Antonio L. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAn efficient copper‐catalyzed three‐component chalcogenation of oxadiazoles with elemental selenium/sulfur and aryl iodide is described herein. This one‐pot C(sp2)‐H bond chalcogenation approach is attractive and practical, since a cheap copper catalyst is employed with minimum catalytic loading, in an open‐to‐air atmosphere. Under optimized conditions, that reaction provides a wide range of structurally diverse organochalcogenyl (Se/S)‐oxadiazoles in good to excellent yields with good functional group tolerance. This practical approach represents a valuable contribution to synthetic and medicinal chemistry, providing an important addition to the current C−Se/S bond formation chemistry scenario.
pH‐Transformed ZnO‐NPs /NaPTS: The First Room‐Temperature Brisk Synthesis of Flavanones in Aqueous Medium
Authors: Shinde Bipin , Kamble Santosh B. , Pore Dattaprasad M. , Gosavi Prasad , Gaikwad Amol , Jadhav Harsharaj S. , Karale Bhausaheb K. , Burungale Arvind S. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractWe investigated pH transformed ZnO NPs viz ZnO nanobullets and ZnO nanograins at pH 11 and 12 respectively, synthesized by co‐precipitation method. The structural, morphological, chemical, compositional and optical properties of synthesized ZnO NPs were analysed by using X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive X‐ray Spectroscopy (EDAX) and Ultra‐Violate Visible spectroscopy (UV‐Vis). The Noteworthy feature of ZnO NPs in presence of NaPTS leads a speedy formation of flavanones from the reaction of an aldehyde and o‐hydroxy acetophenone. Thus, it imparted the first room‐temperature brisk synthesis of flavanones in an aqueous medium.
Selective Construction of Spiro[indene‐2,4′‐pyrido[1,2‐a]quinolines] and Dihydroindeno[1,2‐b]pyrene via Domino Reactions of Huisgen's 1,4‐Dipoles
Authors: Zhang Yuan‐Yuan , Han Ying , Sun Jing , Yan Chao‐Guo 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe three‐component reaction of quinoline, dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate and 2‐arylidene‐1,3‐indanediones or 5‐arylidene‐N,N’‐dimethylbarbituric acids in acetonitrile at room temperature afforded polysubstituted spiro[indene‐2,4′‐pyrido[1,2‐a]quinolines] or spiro[pyrido[1,2‐a]quinoline‐4,5′‐pyrimidines] in high yields and with high diastereoselectivity. However, the similar reaction of dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate with 2‐arylidene‐1,3‐indanediones in the presence of 4‐Dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) gave unexpected dihydroindeno[1,2‐b]pyrene derivatives in satisfactory yields. This three‐component reaction containing quinoline might be the most sustainable reaction without release any waste.
Superior Electrocatalytic Performance of Au‐Pt Graded Nano‐Alloys Towards Alcohol Oxidation Reaction
Authors: Prabu Natarajan , Jeyakumar Duraisamy 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe electro‐oxidation of methanol, ethanol and glycerol on Au100‐xPtx/C (‘x’=7.0‐86) graded nano‐alloy modified glassy carbon electrode was investigated at cyclic voltammetry. Prepared Au77Pt23/C alloy showed highest electrocatalytic activity, with mass activity of 572 mA mg−1 of Pt for methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) and high mass activity of 750 mA mg−1 of Pt for ethanol oxidation reaction (EOR). Au69Pt31/C alloy exhibited higher mass activity of 221 mA mg−1 of Pt for glycerol oxidation reaction (GOR). The results indicate that the surface enrichment of Pt in Au100‐xPtx/C graded nano‐alloy enhanced the alcohol oxidation. We also tested the Au100‐xPtx/C anode catalyst for full cell direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC). While using the low amount of Au60Pt40/C anode catalyst (1 mg cm−2) in DMFC that exhibited maximum power density of 30 mW cm−2 at 70 °C, which is comparable to Pt−Ru/C anode catalyst. This remarkable electro‐catalytic performance of Au100‐xPtx/C graded nano‐alloy will make alternate materials for commercial Pt−Ru/C catalysts.
Electronic Tuning and Catalytic Activity of a Novel Pd(II) Complex Supported by a Tetracoordinate Ligand
Authors: Maity Lakshmikanta , Parua Sankar Prasad , Rana Bidyut Kumar , Isab Anvarhusein A. , Bielawski Christopher W. , Dinda Joydev 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe synthesis and study of a novel Pd(II) complex (2) supported by a new tetracoordinate ligand that is based on a bis(N‐heterocyclic carbene) with two pendant pyrimidinyl donors is described. The complex was characterized using a series of spectroscopic, analytical, and computational techniques. A preliminary assessment showed that 2 displayed good performance in Suzuki‐Miyaura coupling reactions between phenyl boronic acid and an assortment of substituted bromobenzenes. Finally, the intrinsic electronic characteristics of the complex were elucidated through DFT‐based molecular orbital calculations which revealed that the coordinated metal center was relatively electron deficient and stabilized by a series of ligand dominated interactions.