bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diet assessment among men undergoing genetic counseling and genetic testing for inherited prostate cancer: Exploring a teachable moment to support diet intervention
Authors: Milliron Brandy‐Joe , Bruneau Michael , Obeid Elias , Gross Laura , Bealin Lisa , Smaltz Christa , Giri Veda N. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackgroundGenetic counseling (GC) and genetic testing (GT) for prostate cancer (PCA) is a rapidly growing, affording opportunity for healthy lifestyle promotion in men aligned with cancer survivorship and cancer prevention goals. We conducted a targeted dietary analysis of men undergoing GC/GT for PCA for adherence to the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Food Pattern recommendations which align with preventing cancer and recurrences in the Genetic Evaluation of Men (GEM) study at two academic centers to inform future strategies for diet intervention.MethodsParticipants of GEM with PCA or at‐risk for PCA completed a structured food frequency questionnaire indicating number of servings consumed per day or per week of fruits, vegetables, red meat, seafood, processed meat, and foods high in saturated fat. Adherence to the USDA recommendations was assessed for the total sample and by PCA status and aggressiveness, family history, and body mass index (BMI) throughχ2contingency analyses. One‐samplettests were used to compare the dietary behaviors of men to USDA Recommendations. Levels of α were set a priori atP < 0.05.ResultsOf 239 males undergoing GC on the study, surveys were completed by 197 men (82.4%), and complete survey data was available on 113 men (47.3%). By the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention BMI classification, 82.3% of the cohort was overweight (45.1%) or obese (37.2%). GEM participants reported consuming less fruits (P = 0.015), less vegetables (P < 0.001), less seafood (P < 0.001), more processed meats (P < 0.001), and more foods high in saturated fats (P < 0.001) than recommended.ConclusionA high proportion of men receiving GC/GT for PCA were overweight and/or obese with lack of adherence to national diet recommendations for cancer risk and recurrence, affording a teachable moment and supporting the systematic focus of introducing nutrition intervention during GC to promote survivorship.
Comparison of the Moist Parcel‐in‐Cell (MPIC) model with large‐eddy simulation for an idealized cloud
Authors: Böing Steven J. , Dritschel David G. , Parker Douglas J. , Blyth Alan M. 
Published: March 2019

The ascent of a moist thermal is used to test a recently developed essentially Lagrangian model for simulating moist convection. In this Moist‐Parcel‐In‐Cell (MPIC) model, a number of parcels are used to represent the flow in each grid cell. This has the advantage that the parcels provide an efficient and explicit representation of subgrid‐scale flow. The model is compared against Eulerian large‐eddy simulations with a version of the Met Office NERC Cloud model (MONC) which solves the same equations in a more traditional Eulerian scheme. Both models perform the same idealized simulation of the effects of latent heat release and evaporation, rather than a specific atmospheric regime.Dynamical features evolve similarly throughout the development of the thermal using the two approaches. Subgrid‐scale properties of small‐scale eddies captured by the MPIC model can be explicitly reconstructed on a finer grid. MPIC simulations thus resolve smaller features when using the same grid spacing as MONC, which is useful for detailed studies of turbulence in clouds.The convergence of bulk properties is also used to compare the two models. Most of these properties converge rapidly, though the probability distribution function of liquid water converges only slowly with grid resolution in MPIC. This may imply that the current implementation of the parcel mixing mechanism underestimates small‐scale mixing.Finally, it is shown how Lagrangian parcels can be used to study the origin of cloud air in a consistent manner in MPIC.
Percutaneous Coronary Intervention for High Takeoff Left Main Coronary Artery: A Case Report
Authors: Vankudoth Seetharam , Banoth Madhurima 
Published: March 2019

AbstractPercutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for high takeoff left main is challenging, as it poses difficulties with the engagement of the guiding catheter and establishment of backup support. This report examines the case of a 53-year-old woman with history of anterior wall myocardial infarction with a ventricular septal defect (VSD), who was treated with left anterior descending (LAD) angioplasty and VSD device closure done 4 years back, and now she presented with unstable angina. After successful engagement of 5F Tiger diagnostic catheter through a right radial artery, the angiography revealed an 80% stenosis of the proximal LAD and in-stent restenosis 70% of mid-LAD. The authors tried to engage the left coronary system through the right femoral artery with 6F Judkins left, 6F Amplatzer left, 6F EBU, and 6F XBU. They could not cannulate because of high takeoff left main, so they switched to right radial access. Then they engaged a 6F 3.5 EBU catheter. Due to the weak backup support of the guiding catheter, they used another wire to stabilize it and the stent was implanted successfully. This is one of the rare case reports of PCI for high takeoff left main.
Comparative study of auditory brainstem response and auditory steady-state response as an objective measure for hearing aid verification
Authors: Shabana M. I. , Selim M. H. , Abd El-Latif S. M. , Hamdy M. M. , El-Gohary M. M. 
Published: March 2019

Introduction:
Hearing aid benefit could be measured objectively by electrophysiological tests. Objective measures are important for hearing assessment in individuals who are unable to provide behavioural responses to reach optimal hearing aids fitting verification.

Purpose:
This study was designed to compare the Functional Gain (FG) of Auditory Steady State Response (ASSR) and Tone Burst Auditory Brainstem Response (TB ABR) as objective tools with the subjective FG using sound field pure tone audiometry (PTA) in adult patients with sensorineural hearing loss using two hearing aid fitting formulae; DSL v5 and NAL-NL2.

Material and methods:
This study included twenty hearing-impaired adults, their hearing thresholds ranged from moderate to moderately severe sensorineural hearing loss with flat or gradually falling configuration. Their age ranged from eighteen to sixty years. Subjects were examined in three scheduled sessions; unaided, aided NAL-NL2 and aided DSL V5. Each session included free field PTA, TB ABR and ASSR testing at four tested frequencies 500, 1000, 2000 and 4000 Hz.

Results:
The mean difference between free field PTA FG and TB ABR FG was 6.02 ± 5.11 and 6.51 ± 4.53 by NAL-NL2 and DSL v5 respectively. The cumulative percentage of cases who had mean total differences within ±2 SD (< ±15 dB) was 100% in both formulae. The mean difference between free field PTA FG and ASSR FG was 2.00 ± 7.48 and 2.00 ± 6.99 by NAL-NL2 and DSL v5 formulae respectively. The cumulative percentage of cases who had mean total differences within ±2 SD (< ±15 dB) was 90% in NAL-NL2 formula and 95% in DSL v5 formula. When using identical test conditions and the same type of stimulus, NAL-NL2 and DSL v5 revealed similar functional gain measurements.

Conclusions:
Both TB ABR and ASSR are valuable objective measures for thresholds detection. The FG measured by TB ABR and ASSR could be applied as an objective tool for hearing aid fitting verification in hearing impaired individuals.
Gastric Perivascular Epithelioid Cell Tumor (PEComa)
Authors: Xu Jinghong , Yan Yu , Xiang Xueping , Jiang Peter , Hu Xiangrong , Yang Wenjun 
Published: March 2019

AbstractObjectivesTo review the clinicopathologic, immunophenotypic, and molecular features of gastric perivascular epithelioid cell tumor (PEComa).MethodsWe identified two new cases of gastric PEComa and summarized the clinical and pathologic characteristics of this rare neoplasm.ResultsThe first case was a 48-year-old woman who was treated with an endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), and the second case was a 64-year-old man who received a distal gastrectomy. Microscopic examination showed one tumor was composed of purely epithelioid cells, while the other was composed of epithelioid and spindle cells. Both tumors were immunoreactive for melanocytic markers (HMB45 and Melan-A), smooth muscle actin, and vimentin. No TFE3 gene rearrangement was identified by fluorescence in situ hybridization in either case.ConclusionsGastric PEComa is an exceedingly rare neoplasm, with only seven other reported cases to date. We are the first to report the results of molecular assays for the TFE3 gene rearrangement associated with gastric PEComa.
Trends in substance use and in the attributable burden of disease and mortality in the WHO European Region, 2010–16
Authors: Rehm Jürgen , Manthey Jakob , Shield Kevin D , Ferreira-Borges Carina 
Published: March 2019

Abstract

Background
This paper examines changes in substance use, and compares the resulting attributable burden of disease in the WHO European Region between 2010 and 2016.

Methods
Data for 2010 and 2016 on the number of deaths, years of life lost (YLL) and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) lost were obtained by sex and country from the 2016 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study. Exposure data for all substances except alcohol were obtained from the same study, while alcohol data were obtained from the WHO. Proportional changes were calculated for the WHO European Region as a whole to identify trends and for sub-regions to identify which regions contributed most to trends.

Results
In the WHO European Region in 2016, substance use caused 2.1 million deaths, 48.6 million YLL and 57.9 million DALYs lost, representing 22.4, 29.0 and 20.4% of all deaths, YLL and DALYs, respectively. The substance-attributable burden of disease was higher among men than women and highest in the eastern parts of the WHO European Region. Changes in the number of deaths, YLL and DALYs lost between 2010 and 2016 were almost uniformly downward, with the largest proportional changes observed for men. Exposure to tobacco, alcohol and illicit drugs also decreased uniformly.

Conclusions
Substance use and its attributable mortality and burden of disease have decreased in the WHO European Region since 2010. However, overall levels of substance use and the resulting burden of disease in the Region remain high compared with other regions of the world.
Fisheries sustainability relies on biological understanding, evidence-based management, and conducive industry conditions
Authors: Nilsson Jessica A , Johnson Craig R , Fulton Elizabeth A , Haward Marcus 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThis article recognizes that the impacts and effects of fishing are key to marine ecosystem management and explores the relationship between fisheries exploitation and sustainable harvests, and the collapse and depletion of stocks. A survey of 21 fisheries from around the world assessed key biological, environmental, social, economic, industry, governance, and management variables and associated criteria that potentially affect stock abundance. We developed 51 criteria as potential contributing factors underpinning three main fishery management outcomes: a sustainable fishery, a depleted fishery, or a collapsed fishery. The criteria that scored highest for the 15 sustainable fisheries in the analysis were associated with the broad groupings of biology (characteristics of the species and stock), management (legal and policy frameworks, tools and decision systems), and industry (economic performance and value). This analysis showed that while a fishery might have a high score for management, sustainability is likely to be difficult to achieve without a medium or high score for biological knowledge.
International law in domestic courts in an era of populism
Authors: Hostovsky Brandes Tamar 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
This article examines the manner in which the rise of populism affects the use of international law by domestic courts. It argues that populism may have a negative effect on the willingness of domestic courts to refer to international law. It further argues that although such response is understandable, it is regrettable, since incorporation of international law into domestic court rulings can serve as a counter-populism measure. Maintaining international law as part of the domestic legal discourse is particularly important in a populist setting, for two reasons. First, where constitutionalism is overtaken by populists, international law can serve as an important source on which courts can draw to protect human rights. In addition, referral, analysis, and application of international law are means of maintaining pluralism in legal and public debate and, accordingly, enhancing democracy.
Does the site of coronary endarterectomy have an impact on the clinical outcomes and graft patency?
Authors: Zhu Pengxiong , Ye Xiaofeng , Chen Anqing , Liu Jun , Wang Zhe , Zhou Mi , Zhao Qiang 
Published: March 2019

AbstractOBJECTIVESTo explore whether coronary endarterectomy (CE) sites have obvious impacts on the clinical outcomes and graft patency in off-pump coronary artery bypass (OPCAB).METHODSThe patients who underwent OPCAB with CE in our unit between January 2009 and December 2016 were included. The patients and the grafts were grouped according to the CE sites. The primary end points were mid-term main adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events.RESULTSIn total, 290 patients who underwent OPCAB with CE were included. CE of the left anterior descending artery (LAD), left circumflex artery and the right coronary artery was performed in 46, 30 and 194 patients, respectively. There were 60, 42 and 217 grafts anastomosed to LAD-CE, left circumflex artery-CE and right coronary artery-CE sites in 290 patients. CE was not performed in the 20 patients requiring multivessel CE. There was no significant difference in perioperative outcomes. The average follow-up time was 51 months (12–103 months). There was no significant difference in mid-term death, main adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events, myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, Canadian Cardiovascular Classification for angina class and 1-year graft patency among the 3 groups. However, the rate of New York Heart Association (NYHA) class III or IV (LAD vs left circumflex artery: 59% vs 25%, P = 0.011; LAD vs right coronary artery: 59% vs 27%, P < 0.001) was higher in the LAD group than in the other groups. These results were consistent with the Kaplan–Meier curves of freedom from the adverse events.CONCLUSIONSCE sites had no obvious impact on mid-term death, main adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events, MI, stroke, Canadian Cardiovascular Classification for angina class and 1-year graft patency in patients who underwent OPCAB with CE. The patients undergoing LAD-CE had higher rates of NYHA class III or IV.
To sign or not to sign: explaining the formation of China’s bilateral investment treaties
Authors: Han Donglin , Chen Zhaoyuan , Tian Ye 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
This article empirically examines various factors affecting the formation of China’s bilateral investment treaties (BITs) since 1978. Using a panel data analysis, this article finds that domestic and foreign relationship as well as foreign country and global factors, help explain the signing of BITs. Specifically, China’s trade openness and economic growth, foreign countries’ level of democracy, and socialization are positively related to the signing of BITs, while foreign economic growth and the distance between two countries are negatively related to the signing of BITs. Generally, this article finds that China signs BITs mainly to attract foreign capital, signaling to foreign investors that it protects their rights in China. Meanwhile, China has been less likely to sign BITs with countries with which it enjoys favorable bargaining position. As this article finds, China is more likely to sign BITs with democratic countries, suggesting that global spread of democracy spread globalization.
p53 balances between tissue hierarchy and anarchy
Authors: Koifman Gabriela , Aloni-Grinstein Ronit , Rotter Varda 
Published: March 2019

AbstractNormal tissues are organized in a hierarchical model, whereas at the apex of these hierarchies reside stem cells (SCs) capable of self-renewal and of producing differentiated cellular progenies, leading to normal development and homeostasis. Alike, tumors are organized in a hierarchical manner, with cancer SCs residing at the apex, contributing to the development and nourishment of tumors. p53, the well-known ‘guardian of the genome’, possesses various roles in embryonic development as well as in adult SC life and serves as the ‘guardian of tissue hierarchy’. Moreover, p53 serves as a barrier for dedifferentiation and reprogramming by constraining the cells to a somatic state and preventing their conversion to SCs. On the contrary, the mutant forms of p53 that lost their tumor suppressor activity and gain oncogenic functions serve as ‘inducers of tissue anarchy’ and promote cancer development. In this review, we discuss these two sides of the p53 token that sentence a tissue either to an ordered hierarchy and life or to anarchy and death. A better understanding of these processes may open new horizons for the development of new cancer therapies.
Elegy and Nasīb in the Ancient Arabic QAṢīda: The Unique Structure of an Elegy by Ibn Muqbil
Authors: Hussein Ali Ahmad 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
This article analyses the functions of the uniquely non-traditional structure of an elegy composed by the mukha.ram poet, Ibn Muqbil, following the assassination of the third Muslim caliph, ‘Uthmān b. ‘Affān. The poem begins with the elegiac verses, then ends with a description of several, to some degree, erotic love affairs. Classical Arab scholars condemned this structure, in which the song of love follows the weeping over a killed religious authority. In the present article, the poem is analysed then two interpretations of the function of this structure are given: firstly, it provides the poem with an allegorical expression for Ibn Muqbils yearning for the lost pre-Islamic life which was destroyed after the birth of Islam; secondly, it is a means of catharsis directed to a specific audience which was less passionate about the death of the caliph.
Brachytherapy as an Adjuvant for Recurrent Atypical and Malignant Meningiomas
Authors: Koch Matthew J , Agarwalla Pankaj K , Royce Trevor J , Shih Helen A , Oh Kevin , Niemierko Andrezj , Mauceri Thomas C , Curry William T , Barker Frederick G , Loeffler Jay S 
Published: March 2019

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Recurrent atypical and malignant meningiomas have poor outcomes with surgical therapy alone. Neither adjuvant chemotherapy nor postoperative radiation therapy remedies this problem.

OBJECTIVE
To evaluate our experience with the treatment of 15 patients treated with I-125 or Cs-131 brachytherapy radiation seeds as an adjuvant in these difficult cases.

METHODS
Patients with high-grade recurrent meningioma who underwent resection and intraoperative placement of brachytherapy seeds at our institution from 2002 to 2014 were identified and studied by retrospective chart review.

RESULTS
Fifteen patients with median age of 68.8 yr were treated with I-125 (n = 13) or Cs-131 (n = 2) brachytherapy seeds for cases of recurrent, grade II (n = 8), or grade III (n = 7) meningioma at our institution from 2002 to 2014. These lesions originated from a variety of locations including, convexity (3), falcine (3), frontal (2), occipital (1), parietal (2), 2 sphenoid wing (2), and temporal (2), based recurrent meningiomas. Patients had a median of 2 prior open surgical interventions and received local radiation therapy with a median dose of 55 Gy prior to brachytherapy. Survival at 2.5 yr was 56% for grade II and 17% for grade III lesions. Survival was significantly associated with patient age but not tumoral pathology. Forty percent of patients required reoperations for wound complications following brachytherapy.

CONCLUSION
Brachytherapy with implantation of permanent radiation seeds provides a viable alternative treatment for recurrent meningioma while carrying a significant clinical risk of wound infection and need for reoperation.
What Are the Headwaters of Formal Savings? Experimental Evidence from Sri Lanka
Authors: Callen Michael , de Mel Suresh , McIntosh Craig , Woodruff Christopher 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
The world’s poor are seeing a rapid expansion in access to formal savings accounts. What is the source of savings when households are connected to a formal account? We combine a high-frequency panel survey spanning two and a half years with an experiment in which a Sri Lankan bank used mobile Point-of-Service (POS) terminals to collect deposits directly from households each week. We find that the headwaters of formal savings lie in sacrificed leisure time: households work more, and improved savings options generate an increase in labour effort in both self-employment and in the wage market. The results suggest that the labour allocation channel is an important mechanism linking savings opportunities to income.
Experiential Learning to Engage Millennial Learners in an Undergraduate Nursing Research Course
Authors: Powell Shannon Baker , Engelke Martha Keehner 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Baccalaureate-prepared nurses are expected to participate in evidence-based practice by identifying clinical questions, critiquing evidence, and integrating theory into practice. This presents a challenge for faculty to facilitate a research course in a way that is valued by nursing students and will ultimately prepare them to successfully enter the workforce. This article describes an innovative strategy to engage millennial learners in an undergraduate research course by implementing a two-part evidence-based practice project. Student feedback has been positive with expressed interest in the project’s application to practice.