bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antiheparin Activity of Human Serum and Platelet Factor 4
Authors: Sear C.H.J , Poller L , Path F.R.C 
Published: June 2018

SummaryThe antiheparin activity of normal serum has been studied by comparing the antiheparin activities of sera obtained from normal whole blood, platelet-rich plasma and platelet-’free’ plasma with a purified platelet extract during differential isoelectric precipitation and by gel filtration chromatography.The mean values for the activity of PRP-serum and PFP-serum were 106% (S.D. 11) and 10% (S.D. 3) of untreated whole blood respectively. The activity of whole blood serum, PRP serum and whole blood serum plus platelet extract precipitated under identical physical conditions, i.e. pH 7.0, I =0.008, indicating that the activities of the three samples are probably associated with PF4. PF4 precipitated from human platelet extract at pH 4.0, but this is probably due to the difference in the two biochemical environments investigated, i.e. serum and platelet extract.The gel filtration experiments revealed striking similarities between the major antiheparin activities of serum and platelet extract. At physiological pH and ionic strength both activities were associated with high molecular weight material, but at physiological pH and elevated ionic strength both activities behaved as much smaller entities of molecular weight between 25,000 and 30,000 daltons and it seems very likely that both activities are associated with the same molecule, i.e. PF4.
Fibrinocoagulopathy in Maturity Onset Diabetes Mellitus and Atherosclerosis
Authors: Banerjee R.N , Sahni A.L , Kumar Vijay 
Published: June 2018

SummaryImmunofluorescent demonstrations of platelet-free fibrin deposit in the micro and macro-vascular lesions of maturity onset diabetes mellitus and atherosclerosis by earlier workers called for investigations of fibrino-coagulopathy in the two disorders. The present investigation included the determinations of plasma thrombin time (PTCT), fibrinogen concentration (FC), plasma fibrinogen half life (PFT ½) and plasma fibrinogen degradation product (FDP) in (i) the subjects of the two age-onset disorders and their consanguinous family members, and (ii) juvenile diabetes.The assays were carried out by standard methods. 125Iodine labelled human fibrinogen was used for half life studies.In a study of 525 subjects, very highly significant (p <0.001) reduction in PTCT, FC and PFT ½ with a very highly significant (p < 0.001) elevation of FDP were observed in the patients of the two age onset disorders. The results were normal in juvenile diabetes.The study provides convincing evidence of a ‘state of slow consumptive fibrino-coagulopathy’ in the subjects and their siblings with the observed haemostatic defect likely being due to genetically determined Anti-thrombin III deficiency. This observation stimulates a unitary concept of a primary fibrinopathic vascular aetio-pathogenesis, with selective localisation in the macro and microvascular compartment being responsible for the clinical syndromes of ischaemic and metabolic alterations in athersclerosis and maturity onset diabetes mellitus respectively.
Fibrinoyltic Activity of Human Carcinomas
Authors: Peterson Hans-Inge , Petrusson Björn , Korsan-Bengtsen Kristoffer 
Published: June 2018

SummaryThe fibrinolytic activity of 25 human malignant tumour specimens was studied by a semi-quantitative histochemical method and by a plasminogen activator extraction procedure. A good accordance between the results obtained with the two methods was found. The advantages and disadvantages of the methods are discussed.
Studies on an Inhibitor of Plasminogen Activation in Human Serum
Authors: Hedner Ulla 
Published: June 2018

SummaryA procedure is described for partial purification of an inhibitor of the activation of plasminogen by urokinase and streptokinase. The method involves specific adsorption of contammants, ion-exchange chromatography on DEAE-Sephadex, gel filtration on Sephadex G-200 and preparative electrophoresis. The inhibitor fraction contained no antiplasmin, no plasminogen, no α1-antitrypsin, no antithrombin-III and was shown not to be α2 M or inter-α-inhibitor. It contained traces of prothrombin and cerulo-plasmin. An antiserum against the inhibitor fraction capable of neutralising the inhibitor in serum was raised in rabbits.
Human Prothrombin: A New Method of Preparation from a Single Individual
Authors: Benarous Richard , Labie Dominique , Josso François 
Published: June 2018

SummaryA simple method for purification of human prothrombin from ACT) plasma of one single individual is described. This method is based on three steps :1. isolation of crude prothrombin complex by barium citrate adsorption;2. first purification by hydroxyapatite chromatography;3. further purification by DEAE Sephadex chromatography.The final product was obtained with a good yield and exhibited less than 5 p. cent contamination. The human purified prothrombin obtained in this way displays :– one single chain by SDS electrophoresis,– a molecular weight of 75,000-80,000 daltons,– a pi value pH 4.4 by electrofocusing,– Alanine as थ terminal residue.Amino-acid analysis is reported.
Congenital Hypoprothrombinemia in a Portuguese Family
Authors: Pina-Cabral J. M , Justiça Benvindo 
Published: June 2018

SummaryA new case of congenital hypoprothrombinemia is described, in which the level of factor II in the propositus has been consistently near 1 per cent. Several specific assays of this factor have been used, including an immunochemical assay that rules out the presence of an abnormal molecule of prothrombin. The normal levels found for the other known coagulation factors, the lack of response to vit. K1 administration and the absence of a specific inhibitor, are all reasons to discard a secondary cause for this hypoprothrombinemia. Thromboplastin generation test was not only deficient, but it was also delayed. Serum composition was found responsible for this abnormality. The family pedigree of the propositus was compatible with autosomal recessive transmission of the disease.
The Measurement of Heparin
Authors: Denson K. W. E , Bonnar John 
Published: June 2018

SummaryA method for the measurement of heparin utilising the potentiating effect of heparin on the action of anti-factor Xa is described. The effect on the assay of platelet contamination of plasma, the presence of fibrinogen degradation products and low levels of anti-factor Xa have been studied. The assay method has been compared with the calcium thrombin time method and a group of obstetrical patients have been studied using both methods.
Treatment of Tissue Thromboplastin Membranes with Phospholipase C
Authors: Bjørklid E , Otnæss A.-B , Storm E , Prydz H , Johansen B. V , Frøholm L. O 
Published: June 2018

SummaryTissue thromboplastin from human brain, partially purified by extraction with deoxycholate, gel chromatography and recombination of the protein (fraction A) and phospholipid (fraction B) fractions, was examined after treatment with phospholipase C (E.C. 3.1.4.3). Various morphological changes accompanied the loss in coagulation activity caused by the enzyme. All concentrically arranged vesicles (spherulites) disappeared. Instead, a large number of quite small vesicles and many big “blebs”, probably containing diglycerides, were seen. Fused membranes appeared after treatment with the enzyme. The phospholipid fraction (fraction B) showed similar structures as thromboplastin, but not quite the same morphological changes after enzyme treatment.Phospholipase C treatment probably caused a splitting of the concentrically arranged tissue thromboplastin membranes, which spontaneously rearranged to form new vesicles or were fused to other membranes. The hydrophilic parts of the phospholipids are required for coagulation activity, either because they impart a certain ultrastructure to the membrane, or because they participate in the coagulation process in a more direct way, e.g. by forming complexes with factor VII or by binding factor VII through calcium bridges.
Platelet Factor 3 Activity in Washed Platelets
Authors: Renaud S , Gautheron P , Rosenstein H 
Published: June 2018

SummaryPlatelets collected with an EDTA solution and simply washed in an incomplete Tyrode’s presented clotting times in the recalcification (man and rat) and the Stypven (rat) tests that were practically identical to those of the PRP when slow speed centrifugation was used (800 G in man, 1000 G in rat). This was demonstrated, in 6 pools of 5 rats each and in 6 men, by comparing the clotting activity of the citrated platelet-rich plasma to that of the platelets washed and resuspended in the citrated platelet-poor plasma, for platelet counts ranging from 1 × 105 to 10 × 105/mm3. In contrast, centrifugation of platelets at 3000 G markedly affected these clotting activities, as was shown in an additional study comprising 6 pools of 3 rats.Finally, the clotting activity of platelets totally disrupted by sonication appears to be identical quantitatively in both man and rats to that of the total phospholipids extracted from these platelets and separated from the other lipids by thin-layer chromatography and resuspended in plasma by sonication.
The in Vivo and in Vitro Effect of Antihistamines on Platelet Aggregation
Authors: Ungaro Peter C. , Beck Thomas M. , McCaa William M. , Hershgold Edward J. 
Published: June 2018

SummaryThe effect of antihistamines on platelet aggregation was studied by examining the platelet rich plasma of subjects taking three representative classes of these drugs, as well as by studying the effect of direct addition of antihistamine to platelet rich plasma. Inhibition of aggregation by in vitro addition was obtained only with drug concentrations much greater than would usually be found in vivo. Platelet aggregation was unimpaired in normal volunteers taking standard doses of antihistamines.
Soluble Fibrin Monomer Complexes, Plasma Fibrinolytic Activity and Aortic Wall
Authors: Wojewski A , Samochowiec L , Zajączkowski T , Szyszka K , Wojewska-Zajączkowska E , Abucewicz A 
Published: June 2018

SummaryIt has been stated that in prolonged CS2 intoxication of albino rats, the percentage of soluble fibrin monomer complexes in blood increases and there is a drop in plasma fibrinolytic activity. Simultaneous serotonin administration lowers the fibrinolytic activity to still greater extent. Prolonged CS2 intoxication does not alter the antiparacoagulating activity of the aorta. Deseril and cinarine administration elevates the aortic antiparacoagulating activity, while serotonin decreases it.
Reptilase-Induced Shortening of Coagulation Times in Normal and Hemophilic Individuals
Authors: Harder A. J , Stadelmann H , Straub P. W 
Published: June 2018

SummaryIn 5 normal volunteers infusion of small doses of Reptilase-def., a thrombin-like snake venom enzyme of Bothrops atrox, led to a transient shortening of the clotting time, which was significant when compared with a control group infused with glucose. In hemophilic individuals, clotting and recalcification times were also considerably shortened, the maximal effect in both groups occurring simultaneously with cryoprecipitability and positive paracoagulation phenomena. Whether this accelerating effect on blood coagulation is mediated by circulating soluble fibrin complexes, is not yet established. However, the clot-promoting action of Reptilase must predominantly be localized at the level of fibrinogen/fibrin conversion rather than in earlier phases of coagulation.
Adenine Nucleotide Metabolism of Human Platelets during Collagen-Induced Aggregation
Authors: Murakami M , Yoshino K , Takase M , Odake K 
Published: June 2018

SummaryChanges in platelet adenine nucleotides during collagen-induced aggregation were estimated. Averaged values of ATP and ADP in intact platelets were 56.3 and 28.9 attomoles per platelet, respectively. After collagen-induced aggregation, intracellular ATP plus ADP was depleted to about half of that in intact platelets. The released ADP accounted for 13% of that in intact platelets.Behavior of platelet adenine nucleotides during aggregation was divided into the following phases. At first, platelet ATP decreased without the release of nucleotides. The release of ADP occurred at the stage of rapid change of light transmission. Subsequently, the released ADP decomposed in parallel with the degradation of intracellular ADP. The radioactive ATP in platelets decreased during exposure to collagen, without appreciable release of radioactive nucleotides. The ATP released from disrupted platelets was rapidly metabolized in plasma.
The Effects of Salts and of Ionic Strength on the Hydrolysis of TAME (p-toluenesulfonyl-L-arginine methyl ester) by Thrombin and Thrombokinase
Authors: Roberts Phyllis S. , Fleming Patricia B. 
Published: June 2018

SummaryThe effects of varying concentrations of alkali chlorides (LiCl, NaCl, KC1, RbCl and CsCl), alkaline earth chlorides (BeCl2, MgCl2, CaCl2, SrCl2, and BaCl2), choline chloride and Tris,HCl (pH 8.0 at 37°) on the rates of hydrolysis of TAME by a purified preparation of human thrombin and of bovine thrombokinase were determined in 0.25 M Tris.HCl buffer, pH 8.0 at 37°. Each salt had its own individual effects on the reactions and these effects were completely different when thrombin instead of thrombokinase was used. Each salt, however, had the same qualitative effects on TAME hydrolysis by crude bovine thrombin as by purified human thrombin, but only minor effects on the hydrolysis of TAME by trypsin.With the exception of LiCl, low concentrations of alkali chlorides had inhibitory and high concentrations had acceleratory effects on both the thrombin-TAME and the thrombokinase-TAME reactions. LiCl had no accelerating effects on either reaction and it was a stronger inhibitor of thrombokinase than of thrombin. In contrast to the alkali chlorides, the alkaline earth chlorides had no acceleratory effects but had inhibitory effects on both reactions. MgCl2, however, was an exception. It weakly accelerated the thrombokinase -TAME and weakly inhibited the thrombin -TAME reaction. When comparing 0.15 M concentrations of the salts (with the exception of BeCl2 which was the strongest inhibitor of both reactions), NaCl was the strongest inhibitor of the thrombin - TAME reaction, followed by CaCl2, but BaCl2 was the strongest inhibitor of the thrombokinase -TAME reaction, followed by KC1 and LiCl.Choline chloride and Tris.HCl in concentrations up to 3 M had no significant effects on the rate of hydrolysis of TAME by either human or bovine thrombin. Increasing the ionic strength above 0.16 (lower values were not tested), therefore, may have no effect on this reaction, and all of the inhibitions and accelerations found in the presence of the alkali chlorides or the alkaline earth chlorides may be entirely due to the individual cations. On the other hand, increasing the ionic strength may produce a small inhibitory effect, as found in the presence of LiCl or MgCl2, and the lack of any effect in presence of even large concentrations of Tris.HCl or choline chloride may be due to a fortuitous balancing of the weak inhibitory effect of ionic strength by the weak acceleratory effect of the choline and Tris cations.Choline chloride and Tris.HCl had no inhibitory effects but accelerated the thrombokinase -TAME reaction. Choline chloride was the strongest accelerator tested. Rates in the presence of 0.15 and 3 M choline chloride were respectively 204 and 601 % of the controls. Although the effects of ionic strength changes on this reaction could not be established, the data indicate that increasing the ionic strength has at most only a small effect, and the inhibitions and accelerations found are due primarily to the specific cations present.
Filipin as a Tool for the Study of Blood Coagulation Reactions
Authors: van der Plas P. M , Kraan L , Hemker H. C 
Published: June 2018

SummaryThe influence of polyene suspensions on blood coagulation was investigated. The following conclusions can be drawn :1. Polyenes in suspension inhibit coagulation, the sequence of activity is in accordance with the lytic activity on micro - organisms and lipid mono- and bilayers.2. Alteration of the molecule by means of hydrogenation of the conjugated system or irradiation in the presence of FMN diminish the lytic activity and inhibition of coagulation in the same sense.3. The composition and amount of lipid are important for the magnitude of the inhibition.4. The inhibition can be decreased by pre-incubation of the polyene with cholesterol. This can be explained by the formation of polyene-cholesterol complexes.5. Polyenes do not inhibit the thrombin-fibrinogen-interaction in plasma.
A Double Blind Three Center Clinical Trial on the Short-Term Efficacy of 0-(β-Hydroxyethyl)-Rutosides in Patients with Post-Thrombotic Syndrome
Authors: de Jongste A B , Jonker J J C , Huisman M V , ten Cate J W , Azar A J 
Published: June 2018

SummaryA multi-centre, double blind randomized clinical triatr was designed to assess the efficacy and safety of orally administered 0-(β-hydroxyethyl)-rutosides (HR) capsules in the treatment of L0L patients with post-thrombotic syndrome. Seventeen patients were excluded from the analysis for violation of the study protocol, 4l received HR capsules (I,200 mg/day) and 43 placebo.Mean follow-up scores at the 4th and 8th week show that the HR patients displayed an improved state of tiredness as compared to the placebo's. The mean circumference of the calf for the HR group decreased from 390 (± 33) mm at visit one to 382 (± 33) mm at visit three, with a mean circumference reduction of 8.7 (± 8) mm, compared to a steady placebo circumference of 387 (± 31) mm at all 3 visits with a mean circumference reduction of only 2 mm (± 9). The estimated treatment effect at week 8 was −6.7 ffiffi, 95% confidence interval (−10.3, −3.0).The mean circumference of the ankle, decreased from 243 (± 20) mm to 238 (± 20) mm at the 4th week, contrasted with a constant placebo circumference of.24l (± 22) mm at both visits. The estimated treatment effect at week 4 was-5.4 ffiffi, 95% confidence intenral (−10.2, −0.6). However, at week 8, the estimated treatment effect was only −3.4 mm; 95% corrfidence interval (−8.6, + 1.8).In conclusion, HR capsules may show an improvement in the clinical symptoms and may show a mean circumference reduction of the calf and ankle at the 8th week, in patients with postthrombotic syndrome.
Blood Collection in Strong Acidic Citrate Anticoagulant Used in a Study of Dietary Influence on Basal tPA Activity
Authors: Rånby Mats , Sundell I Birgitta , Nilsson Torbjörn K 
Published: June 2018

SummaryTissue plasminogen activator (tPA) activity in blood and blood plasma has been difficult to determine because it is unstable, especially in subjects with high levels of plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1). We have attempted to stabilize the tPA activity by collecting 9 volumes of blood in 1 volume acidic citrate buffer which immediately lowers the pH of the blood. At final blood pH of 4.9 to 6.3, consistent and high tPA activity levels were found. One acidic citrate buffer composition, 0.5 mol/1 citrate buffer pH 4.0, resulted in final blood pH 5.5, tPA half-life of 10 days and an acceptably low degree of haemolysis. This anticoagulant composition was selected for more extensive evaluation and was used to collect blood plasma samples from 29 volunteers in the morning after a 10-minute bed rest. Basal tPA activity, mean and SD, was 0.47 ±0.21 IU/ml. After donating of the first blood sample, 10 of the volunteers entered into a 24-hour fast after which they donated a second sample. During the fast, the basal tPA activity increased from 0.34 ±0.21 to 0.47 ±0.23 IU/ml (p = 0.05) and the PAI-1 activity decreased from 11.4±11.6 to 6.3±8.9 U/ml (p = 0.04).
The Absorption, Clearance and Metabolic Fate of Dermatan Sulphate Administered to Man - Studies Using a Radioiodinated Derivative
Authors: Dawes J , Hodson B A , Pepper D S 
Published: June 2018

SummaryAn iodinated derivative of dermatan sulphate was administered by the intravenous, subcutaneous and oral routes to healthy human volunteers in conjunction with unlabelled dermatan sulphate. Following intravenous injection clearance of radiolabel and concentration as measured by competitive binding assay were highly correlated and displayed complex kinetics which were not dose-dependent. Intact 125I-dermatan sulphate was absorbed following both subcutaneous and oral administration, though there appeared to be selective uptake by the gut of a subfraction comprising the smaller or less sulphated molecules. The intact material was subsequently excreted unchanged in the urine. Degradation products of dermatan sulphate were not detected by either gel filtration or affinity chromatography on Polybrene-Sepharose at any time in either plasma or urine, indicating that administered dermatan sulphate is not catabolised by man.
Absent Platelet Aggregation with Normal Fibrinogen Binding in Basset Hound Hereditary Thrombopathy
Authors: Patterson Wayne R , Estry Douglas W , Schwartz Kenneth A , Borchert Ronald D , Bell Thomas G 
Published: June 2018

SummaryPlatelets from dogs with Basset Hound Hereditary Thrombopathy (BHT) initially displayed a thrombasthenia-like aggregation defect but have been shown to have normal amounts of platelet membrane glycoproteins lib and Ilia (GPIIb-IIIa), and therefore are more accurately described as thrombopathic. The presence of normal quantities of GPIIb-IIIa, however, did not rule out the possibility of a functionally abnormal glycoprotein complex which would be unable to bind radio-labeled fibrinogen. Therefore, fibrinogen binding in BHT platelets was evaluated. Platelets from BHT and normal dogs were activated with 1 × 10−5 M ADP in the presence of 125I-fibrinogen and the surface-bound radioactivity was quantitated. The amount of fibrinogen bound by BHT dog platelets was not significantly different than that bound by normal dog platelets. Platelets from dogs with BHT bound 30,282 ± 3,133 and normal dog platelets bound 31,664 ± 2,772 molecules of fibrinogen per platelet. The quantitatively normal GPIIb-IIIa complex binds fibrinogen in normal amounts and does not seem to represent the abnormality responsible for the aggregation defect in BHT platelets. Therefore, other factors central to normal platelet function and related to platelet aggregation must be considered.