bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of a Pre‐organized N‐Donor Group on the Coordination of Trivalent Actinides and Lanthanides by an Aminopolycarboxylate Complexant
Authors: Heathman Colt R. , Grimes Travis S. , Jansone‐Popova Santa , Roy Santanu , Bryantsev Vyacheslav S. , Zalupski Peter R. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe thermodynamic influence of a pre‐organized N‐donor group on the coordination of trivalent actinides and lanthanides by an aqueous aminopolycarboxylate complexant has been investigated. The synthesized reagent,N‐2‐methylpicolinate‐ethylenediamine‐N,N′,N′‐triacetic acid (EDTA‐Mpic), resembles ethylenediamine‐N,N,N′,N′‐tetraacetic acid (EDTA) with a single acetate pendant arm replaced by a 6‐carboxypyridin‐2‐ylmethyl group. The rigid N‐donor picolinate functionality has a profound impact on ligand protonation and trivalent f element complexation equilibria, as demonstrated by potentiometric, spectroscopic, and liquid/liquid metal‐partitioning studies as well as by molecular dynamics calculations. Relative to diethylenetriamine‐N,N,N′,N′′,N′′‐pentaacetic acid (DTPA), the ability to preferentially bind trivalent actinides over trivalent lanthanides was moderately lowered due to the presence of theN‐(6‐carboxypyridin‐2‐ylmethyl) substituent. The structural modification substantially amplifies the total ligand acidity of EDTA‐Mpic. As a result the complexant sustains the metal complexation and efficient An3+/Ln3+differentiation in aqueous mixtures of unprecedented acidity for this class of reagents.
Recent Applications of Diazirines in Chemical Proteomics
Authors: Halloran Matthew W. , Lumb Jean‐Philip 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe elucidation of substrate–protein interactions is an important component of the drug development process. Due to the complexity of native cellular environments, elucidating these fundamental biochemical interactions remains challenging. Photoaffinity labeling (PAL) is a versatile technique that can provide insight into ligand‐target interactions. By judicious modification of substrates with a photoreactive group, PAL creates a covalent crosslink between a substrate and its biological target following UV‐irradiation. Among the commonly employed photoreactive groups, diazirines have emerged as the gold standard. In this Minireview, recent developments in the field of diazirine‐based photoaffinity labeling will be discussed, with emphasis being placed on their applications in chemical proteomic studies.
Quantifying the reimbibition effect on the performance of gas‐oil gravity drainage in fractured reservoirs: Mathematical modelling
Authors: Rahmati Negin , Rasaei Mohammad‐Reza 
Published: November 2018

AbstractAs a major oil production mechanism, gravity drainage in fractured oil reservoirs is heavily affected by the reimbibition phenomenon. In this work, a stack of oil‐saturated two matrix blocks surrounded by oil‐saturated fractures are considered as a synthetic fractured reservoir. A mathematical computer program is developed to numerically simulate the fluids’ flow through the matrixes and fractures employing the finely gridded single porosity concept. Simulation results are validated by checking the continuity of the gas volume through the reservoir. The percentage of oil recovered by gravity drainage is determined employing the new material balance equation approach. A new procedure is employed for deactivating the reimbibition phenomenon, introducing the zero transmissibility for the oil phase in the case of oil transfer from the fracture to matrix region. According to the simulation results and considering the proposed model, under the constraints of constant gas injection and oil production rates, fully or partially deactivating the reimbibition phenomenon causes a faster gas movement through vertical fractures. The reason for this is that some of the oil leaving the upper matrix block goes to vertical fractures and causes a faster gas breakthrough in them due to reduced available pore volume to gas. In this case the oil recovered by gravity drainage from the system is decreased. Inactivating this phenomenon in the simulated case study causes a 40 % reduction in oil production by gravity drainage from the matrix blocks until the breakthrough time.
A population of descending tyraminergic/octopaminergic projection neurons of the insect deutocerebrum
Authors: Kononenko Natalia L. , Hartfil Sergej , Willer Julia , Ferch Jessica , Wolfenberg Heike , Pflüger Hans‐Joachim 
Published: November 2018

AbstractIn this study, we describe a cluster of tyraminergic/octopaminergic neurons in the lateral dorsal deutocerebrum of desert locusts (Schistocerca gregaria) with descending axons to the abdominal ganglia. In the locust, these neurons synthesize octopamine from tyramine stress‐dependently. Electrophysiological recordings in locusts reveal that they respond to mechanosensory touch stimuli delivered to various parts of the body including the antennae. A similar cluster of tyraminergic/octopaminergic neurons was also identified in the American cockroach (Periplaneta americana) and the pink winged stick insect (Sipyloidea sipylus). It is suggested that these neurons release octopamine in the ventral nerve cord ganglia and, most likely, convey information on arousal and/or stressful stimuli to neuronal circuits thus contributing to the many actions of octopamine in the central nervous system.
Self‐Assembly of Nanoparticles into Two‐Dimensional Arrays for Catalytic Applications
Authors: Yu Chao , Guo Xuefeng , Muzzio Michelle , Seto Christopher T. , Sun Shouheng 
Published: November 2018

AbstractSelf‐assembly of nanoparticles (NPs) is at the heart of nanotechnology, and has shown many potential applications in fabricating nanodevices with highly controlled functionality. Two‐dimensional (2D) arrays of NPs can provide a thin and uniform NP array with each NP being exposed on the surface to maximize NP catalysis. This minireview summarizes the recent progress on the fabrication and application of 2D NP arrays. It conveys the important message to readers that creation of libraries of NP arrays with varying catalytic strengths is an exciting direction in catalysis. This approach can be used to solve complicated catalytic problems in which multiple chemical reactions need to be catalyzed in a single reaction vessel.
Encephalitozoon: Tissue Culture, Cryopreservation, and Murine Infection
Authors: Han Bing , Moretto Magali , M. Weiss Louis 
Published: November 2018

AbstractMicrosporidia are eukaryotic unicellular parasites that have been studied for more than 150 years. They are found throughout the world and are capable of infecting various invertebrate and vertebrate hosts. They can cause disease in both immune‐compromised and immune‐competent humans. In immune‐compromised individuals, infections can be severe and often fatal. Microsporidia possess a unique, highly specialized invasion mechanism that involves a structure known as the polar tube as well as the spore wall. During spore germination, the polar tube rapidly discharges from the spore and deliver the sporoplasm into the host cell. Spores are the only stage of microsporidia that can survive outside of host cells. Since the first attempt to culture microsporidia in vitro in 1930s, their cultivation has served a critical role in the study and diagnosis of these parasites. In this chapter, we include methods on the cultivation, isolation, and cryopreservation of Encephalitozoon cuniculi, which can infect humans and provides a useful model for other microsporidia. These methods can also be utilized for the culture of Encephalitozoon hellem or Encephalitozoon intestinalis. © 2018 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Promoting Li–O2 Batteries With Redox Mediators
Authors: Shen Xiaoxiao , Zhang Shuaishuai , Wu Yuping , Chen Yuhui 
Published: November 2018

AbstractLi–O2 batteries have a high theoretical specific energy, 3500 Wh kg−1; however, its practical capacity is far below this value and limited by the passivation with the insulating discharge product Li2O2. The nonconductive nature of Li2O2 also impedes the charging process, leading to a low coulombic efficiency and high overpotential on charge even at a moderate rate. To address these challenges, redox mediators could be used both during discharge and charge to transfer electrons between O2/electrode surface or Li2O2/electrode surface to overcome the passivation of Li2O2, which would facilitate the discharge and charge process. The capacity and current density were significantly improved using the redox mediators, thus representing a promising strategy to achieve a high energy density for Li–O2 batteries.
Tools and resources for metabolomics research community: A 2017–2018 update
Authors: Misra Biswapriya B. , Mohapatra Subhashree 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe scale at which MS‐ and NMR‐based platforms generate metabolomics datasets for both research, core, and clinical facilities to address challenges in the various sciences—ranging from biomedical to agricultural—is underappreciated. Thus, metabolomics efforts spanning microbe, environment, plant, animal, and human systems have led to continual and concomitant growth of in silico resources for analysis and interpretation of these datasets. These software tools, resources, and databases drive the field forward to help keep pace with the amount of data being generated and the sophisticated and diverse analytical platforms that are being used to generate these metabolomics datasets. To address challenges in data preprocessing, metabolite annotation, statistical interrogation, visualization, interpretation, and integration, the metabolomics and informatics research community comes up with hundreds of tools every year. The purpose of the present review is to provide a brief and useful summary of more than 95 metabolomics tools, software, and databases that were either developed or significantly improved during 2017–2018. We hope to see this review help readers, developers, and researchers to obtain informed access to these thorough lists of resources for further improvisation, implementation, and application in due course of time.
Shake table testing of a miniature steel building with ductile‐anchor, uplifting‐column base connections for improved seismic performance
Authors: Trautner Christopher , Hutchinson Tara , Grosser Philipp , Piccinin Roberto , Silva John 
Published: November 2018

SummaryPrevious research has demonstrated that uplifting‐column or rocking building systems may exhibit improved seismic performance, including reductions in total base shear and decreased residual drift, when compared with systems rigidly connected to the foundation. These beneficial effects may be due to lengthened periods, activation of rocking modes, and energy dissipation of base fuse elements. In the current work, several configurations of a miniature steel building with different combinations of base connection and traditional superstructure fuse strength and stiffness were subjected to identical earthquake motions to evaluate differences in demands and performance. The uplifting base connections incorporate highly ductile concrete anchors with long stretch lengths, allowing robust connection performance and easy replacement of damaged connection elements following the seismic event, an advantage over previously tested systems. Testing and dynamic numerical analysis indicates that ductile anchor uplifting systems may reduce total base shear by over 20%, as well as reducing residual structural drift by more than 80%.
Daggernose Shark: An Elusive Species from Northern South America
Authors: Feitosa Leonardo Manir , Martins Ana Paula Barbosa , Lessa Rosangela Paula Teixeira , Barbieri Ricardo , Nunes Jorge Luiz Silva 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
The Daggernose Shark Isogomphodon oxyrhynchus is an endemic species of the northern coast of South America distributed from Trinidad and Tobago to Brazil's Amazon Coast. Due to increasing fishing efforts and its limited distribution range, the Daggernose Shark is one of the most endangered shark species in the world. Further threats arise from mangrove deforestation, pollution, and aquaculture caused by increasing human populations in coastal areas. The Daggernose Shark is highly associated to the turbid waters influenced by the Amazon and Orinoco estuaries. Furthermore, its morphological features associated to adaptations to these environments such as an elongated rostrum, small eyes, and long pectoral fins make it one of the most iconic shark species in the world. Finally, we report the capture of a young-of-the-year I. oxyrhynchus in a freshwater system in Northern Brazil—the first recorded in a non-marine environment.
Microscopic deformation structures in archaeological contexts
Authors: Karkanas Panagiotis 
Published: November 2018

AbstractEvidence of deformation at the microscopic level in archaeological contexts is rather rare. To address the problem of identification of deformation structures, a series of experimental floors were prepared and studied by micromorphological analysis. Ethnographic samples of constructed floors and mud bricks were also used. Constructed floors and mud bricks from prehistoric sites were then reanalyzed in light of the experimental findings and compared with the ethnographic ones. Small‐scale debris and mud flows from archaeological contexts were also analyzed to identify microscopic deformation structures that could be compared with the rich available literature on such sediments. Microscopic deformation structures were identified in all types of samples: they included rotational and planar features, fold structures, boudins, and other squeezed features, shear planes, and water‐escape features. It appears that in some cases there is no clear difference between microscopic deformation features that develop in either geogenic or anthropogenic deposits. Furthermore, there is some overlap between deformation features produced by trampling and those in the formation of mud constructions that needs to be resolved with more experimental work. Nevertheless, trampling of water‐saturated sediment produces deformation features that, for the most part, are the result of compression and not shearing.
Hospital responses to price shocks under the prospective payment system
Authors: Shin Eunhae 
Published: November 2018

AbstractUnder the prospective payment system (PPS), hospitals receive a bundled payment for an entire episode of treatment based on diagnosis‐related groups (DRG). Although there is ample evidence regarding the impact of the introduction of the PPS, there is little research on the effects of the ensuing changes in payment levels under the PPS. In 2005, the Medicare PPS changed its definition of payment areas from the Metropolitan Statistical Areas to the Core‐Based Statistical Areas, generating substantial area‐specific price shocks. Using these exogenous price variations, this study examines hospital responses to price changes under the PPS. The results demonstrate that, while the average payment amount significantly increases in the affected areas, no parallel trend is observed in admission volume, treatment intensity, and quality of services. Conversely, hospitals facing a price increase are more liable to the perverse incentives that the PPS is known to encourage, namely, selecting or shifting patients into higher‐paying DRGs. These results suggest that paying a higher price for a given service may not induce hospitals to offer services of better quality, but can rather prompt even higher payments through other behavioral responses.
Interaction of gut microbiota with dysregulation of bile acids in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and potential therapeutic implications of probiotics
Authors: Chen Jiezhong , Thomsen Michael , Vitetta Luis 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe intestinal microbiota is now recognised to play key roles in health due to its involvement in many aspects of human physiology. Disturbance in gut microbiota (dysbiosis) is thus associated with many diseases including nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) which includes nonalcoholic fatty liver and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. The mechanisms for the effect of dysbiosis in NAFLD pathogenesis are not completely elucidated. Many explanations have been proposed to trigger dysbiosis, leading to NAFLD including inflammation, ethanol produced by the gut bacteria and lipotoxicity. Recently the roles of bile acids and nuclear receptors are highly regarded. It is well known that gut microbes produce enzymes that convert primary bile acids into secondary bile acids in the intestines. Several studies have demonstrated that disturbance of the intestinal microbiota leads to decreased synthesis of secondary bile acids, which in turn decreases activation of nuclear receptors such as farnesoid X receptor (FXR), pregnane X receptor, Takeda G‐protein–coupled bile acid protein 5 and vitamin D receptor. These receptors are important in energy regulation and their dysregulation can cause NAFLD. Therefore, stimulation of nuclear receptors especially FXR has been extensively explored for the amelioration of NAFLD. However, paradoxical effects of nuclear receptor activation are a major problem for the clinical application of nuclear receptor stimuli. We further posit that microbiome restoration could be an alternative approach for the treatment of NAFLD. Several gut bacteria are now known to be involved in bile acid metabolism. It will be necessary to identify which one/ones is/are feasible. Careful selection of commensal bacteria for probiotics may lead to an effective therapy for NAFLD.
Overexpression of the lncRNA FER1L4 inhibits paclitaxel tolerance of ovarian cancer cells via the regulation of the MAPK signaling pathway
Authors: Liu Siwei , Zou Bingyu , Tian Tian , Luo Xiaohui , Mao Banyun , Zhang Xun , Lei Huajiang 
Published: November 2018

AbstractTo determine how the lncRNA FER1L4 in ovarian cancer cells influences paclitaxel (PTX) resistance, we examined the expression level of FER1L4 in human ovarian epithelial cell lines IOSE80 and HOSEpiC and human ovarian cancer cell lines OVCAR‐3, Caov‐3, and SKOV3 through RNA isolation and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR). SKOV3 cell lines were treated with PTX. The cell survival rate and apoptosis rate of SKOV3 and SKOV3‐PR at different PTX dose levels were evaluated. Next, qRT‐PCR was performed to detect the expression of FER1L4 in SKOV3 and SKOV3‐PR cell lines. SKOV3‐PR cell lines were transfected with pcDNA3.1 as the control group (SKOV3‐PR/pcDNA3.1) or pcDNA3.1‐FER1L4 to upregulate the expression level of FER1L4 (SKOV3‐PR/pcDNA3.1‐FER1L4). The level of cell survival, apoptosis, and colony formation were compared between the two groups using MTT, flow cytometry analysis, and colony formation assay. To reveal the molecular mechanism, we measured the relative protein phosphorylation level of ERK and MAPK in SKOV3, SKOV3‐PR, SKOV3‐PR/pcDNA3.1, and SKOV3‐PR/pcDNA3.1‐FER1L4 groups using an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. The effects of SB203580 (a p38 MAPK inhibitor) on PTX were also investigated to reveal the function of the MAPK pathway on the PTX tolerance of SKOV3. In comparison with normal ovarian epithelial cells, FER1L4 was downregulated. The FER1L4 level was decreased in human ovarian cancer cells with drug resistance than in common ovarian cancer cells. The upregulation of FER1L4 could promote the PTX sensitivity of ovarian cancer cells. The increased level of FER1L4 could suppress the PTX resistance of ovarian cancer cells through the inhibition of the MAPK signaling pathway.
Potential of bacterial culture media in biofabrication of metal nanoparticles and the therapeutic potential of the as‐synthesized nanoparticles in conjunction with artemisinin against MDA‐MB‐231 breast cancer cells
Authors: Khan Badrealam Farheen , Hamidullah  , Dwivedi Sonam , Konwar Rituraj , Zubair Swaleha , Owais Mohammad 
Published: November 2018

AbstractIn the recent past, various groups have proposed diverse biocompatible methods for the synthesis of metal nanoparticles (NPs). Besides culture biomass, culture supernatants (CS) are increasingly being explored for the synthesis of NPs; however, with the ever‐increasing exploration of various CS in the biofabrication of NPs, it is equally important to explore the potential of various culture media (CMs) in the synthesis of metal NPs. Considering these aspects, in the present investigation, we explore the possible applicability of various CMs in the biofabrication of metal NPs. The synthesis of NPs was primarily followed by UV/VIS spectroscopy, and, thereafter, the NPs were characterized by various physiochemical techniques, including EM, EDX, FT_IR, X‐ray diffraction, and DLS measurements, and finally, their anticancer potentialities were investigated against breast cancer. In addition, the NPs were examined in conjunction with artemisinin for therapeutic benefits against aggressive and highly metastatic MDA‐MB‐231 breast cancer cells. Cumulatively, the results of the present study collated the potentials of various bacterial CMs in the biofabrication of metal NPs and ascertained the efficacy of the as‐synthesized silver nanoparticles, especially the combinatorial entity as intriguing breast cancer therapeutics. The data of the present study plausibly assist in advancing the therapeutic applicability of the combinatorial amalgam against aggressive and highly metastatic MDA‐MB‐231 breast cancer cells.
Ethyl acetate and n‐butanol fraction of Cissus quadrangularis promotes the mineralization potential of murine pre‐osteoblast cell line MC3T3‐E1 (sub‐clone 4)
Authors: Toor Rabail Hassan , Tasadduq Raazia , Adhikari Achyut , Chaudhary Muhammad Iqbal , Lian Jane B. , Stein Janet L. , Stein Gary S. , Shakoori Abdul Rauf 
Published: November 2018

AbstractIn a sequel to investigate osteogenic potential of ethanolic extract of Cissus quadrangularis (CQ), the present study reports the osteoblast differentiation and mineralization potential of ethyl acetate (CQ‐EA) and butanol (CQ‐B) extracts of CQ on mouse pre‐osteoblast cell line MC3T3‐E1 (sub‐clone 4) with an objective to isolate an antiosteoporotic compound. Growth curve, proliferation, and viability assays showed that both the extracts were nontoxic to the cells even at high concentration (100 µg/ml). The cell proliferation was enhanced at low concentrations (0.1 µg/ml and 1 µg/ml) of both the extracts. They also upregulated the osteoblast differentiation and mineralization processes in MC3T3‐E1 cells as reflected by expression profile of osteoblast marker genes such as RUNX2, Osterix, Collagen (COL1A1), Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP), Integrin‐related Bone Sialoprotein (IBSP), Osteopontin (OPN), and Osteocalcin (OCN). CQ‐EA treatment resulted in early differentiation and mineralization as compared with the CQ‐B treatment. These findings suggest that low concentrations of CQ‐EA and CQ‐B have proliferative and osteogenic properties. CQ‐EA, however, is more potent osteogenic than CQ‐B.