bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Participant experiences of two successful habit-based weight-loss interventions in Australia: a qualitative study
Authors: Cleo Gina , Hersch Jolyn , Thomas Rae 
Published: June 2018

ObjectivesHabit-based weight-loss interventions have shown clinically important weight loss and weight-loss maintenance. Understanding why habit-based interventions work is therefore of great value, but there is little qualitative evidence about the experiences of participants in such programmes. We explored the perspectives of individuals who completed two habit-based weight-management programmes, Ten Top Tips and Do Something Different.DesignOne-on-one, face-to-face, semistructured interviews were conducted and analysed thematically.SettingParticipants from the community were interviewed at Bond University, Australia.ParticipantsUsing a maximum variation design, we recruited 15 participants (eight men, seven women) aged 39–69 years (mean 53.3 years, SD 10.3) with a range of education levels (no high school to university degree) and percentage weight change on the programmes (+4.0% to −10.4%).Main outcome measures(1) The general experience of participants who completed the Ten Top Tips or Do Something Different intervention, (2) whether and how the interventions affected the participants’ lifestyle postintervention, and (3) participants’ views regarding the acceptability and practical application of Ten Top Tips and Do Something Different.ResultsParticipants reported positive experiences of the two programmes, both during and after the interventions. Participants particularly enjoyed the novelty of the interventions as they shifted focus from diet and exercise, to practical everyday habit changes. They also reported indirect health benefits such as increased energy levels, increased confidence and improved self-awareness. Accountability throughout the programmes and convenience of the interventions were identified as key themes and facilitators for weight-loss success.ConclusionsThis study offers insight into how and why habit-based interventions might work. Overall, Ten Top Tips and Do Something Different are practical and convenient to implement, and are viewed favourably by participants when compared with conventional lifestyle programmes for weight control.Trial registration numberACTRN12615000114549.
Incidence, course and risk factors of head injury: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Gerritsen Herman , Samim Mariam , Peters Hans , Schers Henk , Laar Floris van de 
Published: June 2018

ObjectivesTo assess the incidence of head injury and predictors of complication across the care continuum.DesignRetrospective cohort study using data from a research network. We calculated the incidence of overall head injury in a longitudinal cohort covering 1-year interval (31 369 patient-years), and the incidence of complicated head injury in a longitudinal cohort covering 10 years interval (220 352 patient-ears). Incidence rates were calculated per 1000 patient-years with 95% CI using the Mid-P exact test. We calculated ORs to assess potential risk factors for a complicated head injury.SettingA practice-based research network covering a population of >30 000 patients.ParticipantsAll patients listed in practices within the research network during the years 2005–2014.Main outcome measuresIncidence of (complicated) head injury and predictors for clinical complications.ResultsThe incidence of overall head injury was 22.1 per 1000 person-years and the incidence of a complicated course following head injury was 0.16 per 1000 person-years. The following determinants were risk factors for a complicated course: high energy trauma, bicycle accident, traffic accident in general, use of anticoagulants, alcohol intoxication, age above 60 years and low Glasgow Coma Scale at initial presentation. A complicated course was very unlikely when the patients' first encounter with a healthcare professional was in primary care (OR 0.03, 95% CI 0.01 to 0.07).ConclusionsComplication after head injury are rarely seen in general practice. Patients who do experience complications are often easily identifiable as requiring specialist care. A more reserved referral policy for general practice may be desirable, suggesting that current guidelines are too defensive.
Measuring effective coverage of curative child health services in rural Burkina Faso: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Koulidiati Jean-Louis , Nesbitt Robin C , Ouedraogo Nobila , Hien Hervé , Robyn Paul Jacob , Compaoré Philippe , Souares Aurélia , Brenner Stephan 
Published: June 2018

ObjectiveTo estimate both crude and effective curative health services coverage provided by rural health facilities to under 5-year-old (U5YO) children in Burkina Faso.MethodsWe surveyed 1298 child health providers and 1681 clinical cases across 494 primary-level health facilities, as well as 12 497 U5YO children across 7347households in the facilities’ catchment areas. Facilities were scored based on a set of indicators along three quality-of-care dimensions: management of common childhood diseases, management of severe childhood diseases and general service readiness. Linking service quality to service utilisation, we estimated both crude and effective coverage of U5YO children by these selected curative services.ResultsMeasured performance quality among facilities was generally low with only 12.7% of facilities surveyed reaching our definition of high and 57.1% our definition of intermediate quality of care. The crude coverage was 69.5% while the effective coverages indicated that 5.3% and 44.6% of children reporting an illness episode received services of only high or high and intermediate quality, respectively.ConclusionOur study showed that the quality of U5YO child health services provided by primary-level health facilities in Burkina Faso was low, resulting in relatively ineffective population coverage. Poor adherence to clinical treatment guidelines combined with the lack of equipment and qualified clinical staff that performed U5YO consultations seemed to be contributors to the gap between crude and effective coverage.
Efficacy of phototherapy to treat facial ageing when using a red versus an amber LED: a protocol for a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Rocha Mota Lidiane , Motta Lara Jansiski , Duarte Ivone da Silva , Horliana Anna Carolina Ratto Tempestini , Silva Daniela de Fátima Teixeira da , Pavani Christiane 
Published: June 2018

IntroductionThe skin undergoes morphological and physiological changes with the advancing age of an individual. These changes may be caused by intrinsic and extrinsic factors that contribute to cellular ageing and consequent skin ageing. The term photoageing is used to characterise the ageing of the skin caused by solar radiation. Clinically, the skin becomes more flaccid, thicker and hyperpigmented, while there is an early appearance of wrinkles and other skin changes, such as skin cancer. Nowadays, there are numerous treatments for ageing skin, and one of them is with the use of phototherapy, which uses light-emitting diodes (LEDs). The objective of this study will be to evaluate the percentages of reduction in the volume of periocular wrinkles when treated with red and amber LEDs.Methods and analysisAll of the participants will receive photobiomodulation to treat their periocular wrinkles. They will be using red and amber LEDs, with one colour being used on each hemiface. The facial side to be treated with each colour will be randomised. After an interval of 180 days, the participants will receive a cross-treatment. The primary variable of the study is the volume of periocular wrinkles (crow’s feet), which will be measured by a VisioFace equipment. The secondary variables are elasticity (measured by Cutometer) and hydration (measured by Corneometer). Quality of life and self-assessment of the participants will be measured using the adapted Melasma Quality of Life scale - Brazilian Portuguese adaption (MelasQoL-BP) and Skindex-29 questionnaires. All of the variables will be measured before and after a group of 10 sessions.Ethics and disseminationThis protocol was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Nove de Julho University (acceptance number: 2.550.732). This trial has been registered in the Registro Brasileiro de Ensaios Clínicos (Brazilian Clinical Trials Registry) (REBEC number: RBR-6YFCBM). This study is not recruiting yet.Trial registration numberRBR6YFCBM; Pre-results.
Unplanned early hospital readmission among critical care survivors: a mixed methods study of patients and carers
Authors: Donaghy Eddie , Salisbury Lisa , Lone Nazir I , Lee Robert , Ramsey Pamela , Rattray Janice E , Walsh Timothy Simon 
Published: June 2018

BackgroundMany intensive care (ICU) survivors experience early unplanned hospital readmission, but the reasons and potential prevention strategies are poorly understood. We aimed to understand contributors to readmissions from the patient/carer perspective.MethodsThis is a mixed methods study with qualitative data taking precedence. Fifty-eight ICU survivors and carers who experienced early unplanned rehospitalisation were interviewed. Thematic analysis was used to identify factors contributing to readmissions, and supplemented with questionnaire data measuring patient comorbidity and carer strain, and importance rating scales for factors that contribute to readmissions in other patient groups. Data were integrated iteratively to identify patterns, which were discussed in five focus groups with different patients/carers who also experienced readmissions. Major patterns and contexts in which unplanned early rehospitalisation occurred in ICU survivors were described.ResultsInterviews suggested 10 themes comprising patient-level and system-level issues. Integration with questionnaire data, pattern exploration and discussion at focus groups suggested two major readmission contexts. A ‘complex health and psychosocial needs’ context occurred in patients with multimorbidity and polypharmacy, who frequently also had significant psychological problems, mobility issues, problems with specialist aids/equipment and fragile social support. These patients typically described inadequate preparation for hospital discharge, poor communication between secondary/primary care, and inadequate support with psychological care, medications and goal setting. This complex multidimensional situation contrasted markedly with the alternative ‘medically unavoidable’ readmission context. In these patients medical issues/complications primarily resulted in hospital readmission, and the other issues were absent or not considered important.ConclusionsAlthough some readmissions are medically unavoidable, for many ICU survivors complex health and psychosocial issues contribute concurrently to early rehospitalisation. Care pathways that anticipate and institute anticipatory multifaceted support for these patients merit further development and evaluation.
Agro-morphology and forage nutritive value of white prairie clover [Dalea candida(Michx.) Willd.] populations native to the Canadian prairies
Authors: Khanal Nityananda , Schellenberg Michael P. , Biligetu Bill 
Published: June 2018

White prairie clover [Dalea candida (Michx.) Willd.] is native to the dry prairies and hillsides of the Northern Great Plains. A study was initiated in 2012 with six white prairie clover populations collected from the Canadian Prairies. Plant growth characteristics, forage biomass, seed yield, and forage nutritive values were evaluated using a randomized complete block design in a field near Swift Current, SK. Three populations from Argyle, Carlowrie, and Big Grass Marsh (NCP588) in Manitoba displayed erect-type growth while those from Douglas Provincial Park and Stewart Valley in Saskatchewan and Writing on Stone Provincial Park in Alberta exhibited prostrate growth. The populations did not differ for mean biomass yield (79–104 g plant−1, p = 0.54) and mean seed yield (6.6–9.1 g plant−1, p = 0.69); however, they differed for bloom stage nutritional parameters such as acid detergent fibre (25%–30%, p = 0.04), neutral detergent fibre (34%–41%, p < 0.01), crude proteins (15%–18%, p < 0.01), phosphorus (0.24%–0.29%, p = 0.02), and iron content (144–360 ppm, p = 0.01). To our knowledge, this is the first report of comparative phenotypic, nutritional, and propagation study of native white prairie clover populations of Canada. The constraints and opportunities for successful domestication of white prairie clover as a forage crop are discussed.
Comparing soil profiles of adjacent forest stands with contrasting tree densities: lichen woodlands vs. black spruce–feathermoss stands in the continuous boreal forest
Authors: Ouimet Rock , Boucher Jean-François , Tremblay Pascal , Lord Daniel 
Published: June 2018

We studied mature and adjacent open lichen–spruce woodlands (LWs) and closed-canopy spruce–feathermoss stands (FMs) growing under similar edaphic conditions in the continuous boreal forest zone in Quebec (Canada). A total of six pairs of stands were investigated by profile sampling. Stem density, basal area, and biomass were about four times greater in FMs than in LWs on an area basis. In the humus layer, total stocks of C and N and of exchangeable K, Ca, Mg, Al, and Na were 1.4–2.3 times larger in FM than in LW soils. The first 30 cm and the first metre of mineral soils in LWs and FMs displayed similar available nutrient pools except for total C stocks, which were more than twice as large in FM as in LW soils in these soil layers. For the whole profile, total stocks of C and N and stocks of exchangeable Ca and Mg were 1.3–2.6 times larger in FM than in LW soils. These results highlight the low intrinsic fertility of LW soils, primarily due to the humus layer, but also the importance of the biological control of C, N, and mineral nutrients in these boreal soils.
A Functional Homologous Recombination Assay Predicts Primary Chemotherapy Response and Long-Term Survival in Ovarian Cancer Patients
Authors: Tumiati Manuela , Hietanen Sakari , Hynninen Johanna , Pietilä Elina , Färkkilä Anniina , Kaipio Katja , Roering Pia , Huhtinen Kaisa , Alkodsi Amjad , Li Yilin , Lehtonen Rainer , Erkan Erdogan Pekcan , Tuominen Minna M. , Lehti Kaisa , Hautaniemi Sampsa K. , Vähärautio Anna , Grénman Seija , Carpén Olli , Kauppi Liisa 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Purpose: Homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) correlates with platinum sensitivity in patients with ovarian cancer, which clinically is the most useful predictor of sensitivity to PARPi. To date, there are no reliable diagnostic tools to anticipate response to platinum-based chemotherapy, thus we aimed to develop an ex vivo functional HRD detection test that could predict both platinum-sensitivity and patient eligibility to targeted drug treatments.
Experimental Design: We obtained a functional HR score by quantifying homologous recombination (HR) repair after ionizing radiation-induced DNA damage in primary ovarian cancer samples (n = 32). Samples clustered in 3 categories: HR-deficient, HR-low, and HR-proficient. We analyzed the HR score association with platinum sensitivity and treatment response, platinum-free interval (PFI) and overall survival (OS), and compared it with other clinical parameters. In parallel, we performed DNA-sequencing of HR genes to assess if functional HRD can be predicted by currently offered genetic screening.
Results: Low HR scores predicted primary platinum sensitivity with high statistical significance (P = 0.0103), associated with longer PFI (HR-deficient vs. HR-proficient: 531 vs. 53 days), and significantly correlated with improved OS (HR score &lt;35 vs. ≥35, hazard ratio = 0.08, P = 0.0116). At the genomic level, we identified a few unclear mutations in HR genes and the mutational signature associated with HRD, but, overall, genetic screening failed to predict functional HRD.
Conclusions: We developed an ex vivo assay that detects tumor functional HRD and an HR score able to predict platinum sensitivity, which holds the clinically relevant potential to become the routine companion diagnostic in the management of patients with ovarian cancer. Clin Cancer Res; 24(18); 4482–93. ©2018 AACR.
BRCA1-Interacting Protein OLA1 Requires Interaction with BARD1 to Regulate Centrosome Number
Authors: Yoshino Yuki , Qi Huicheng , Fujita Hiroki , Shirota Matsuyuki , Abe Shun , Komiyama Yuhei , Shindo Kazuha , Nakayama Masahiro , Matsuzawa Ayako , Kobayashi Akihiro , Ogoh Honami , Watanabe Toshio , Ishioka Chikashi , Chiba Natsuko 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
BRCA1 functions as a tumor suppressor in DNA repair and centrosome regulation. Previously, Obg-like ATPase 1 (OLA1) was shown to interact with BARD1, a heterodimer partner of BRCA1. OLA1 binds to BRCA1, BARD1, and γ-tubulin and functions in centrosome regulation. This study determined that overexpression of wild-type OLA1 (OLA1-WT) caused centrosome amplification due to centriole overduplication in mammary tissue–derived cells. Centrosome amplification induced by overexpression of the cancer-derived OLA1 mutant, which is deficient at regulating centrosome number, occurred in significantly fewer cells than in that induced by overexpression of OLA1-WT. Thus, it was hypothesized that overexpression of OLA1 with normal function efficiently induces centrosome amplification, but not that of OLA1 mutants, which are deficient at regulating centrosome number. We analyzed whether overexpression of OLA1 missense mutants of nine candidate phosphorylation residues, three residues modified with acetylation, and two ATP-binding residues caused centrosome amplification and identified five missense mutants that are deficient in the regulation of centrosome number. Three of them did not bind to BARD1. Two phosphomimetic mutations restored the binding to BARD1 and the efficient centrosome amplification by their overexpression. Knockdown and overexpression of BARD1 also caused centrosome amplification. BARD1 mutant reported in cancer failed to bind to OLA1 and rescue the BARD1 knockdown-induced centrosome amplification and reduced its centrosomal localization. Combined, these data reveal that the OLA1–BARD1 interaction is important for the regulation of centrosome number.
Implications: Regulation of centrosome number by BRCA1/BARD1 together with OLA1 is important for the genome integrity to prevent tumor development. Mol Cancer Res; 16(10); 1499–511. ©2018 AACR.
Coronary Sinus Activation and ECG Characteristics of Roof-Dependent Left Atrial Flutter After Pulmonary Vein Isolation
Authors: Casado Arroyo Ruben , Laţcu Decebal Gabriel , Maeda Shingo , Kubala Maciej , Santangeli Pasquale , Garcia Fermin Carlos , Enache Bogdan , Eljamili Mohammed , Hayashi Tatsuya , Zado Erica S. , Saoudi Nadir , Marchlinski Francis E. 
Published: June 2018

Background:
The electrocardiographic and intracardiac activation features of left atrial roof-dependent macroreentrant flutter have been incompletely characterized.

Methods:
Patients post–pulmonary vein (PV) isolation with roof-dependent atrial flutter based on activation and entrainment mapping were included. ECG and coronary sinus activation were compared with mitral annular (MA) flutter.

Results:

The roof-dependent left atrial flutter circled the right PVs in 32 of 33 cases. Two forms of roof flutters were identified, posteroanterior, ascendant on posterior wall and descendant on anterior wall (n=24); and anteroposterior, ascendant on the anterior wall and descendent on the posterior wall (n=9). Both forms had positive large amplitude P waves in V
1
through V
2
with decreasing amplitude in V
3
through V
6
. Posteroanterior roof flutters had positive P wave in the inferior and negative P wave in leads I and aVL similar to counterclockwise MA flutter, but coronary sinus activation was simultaneous for roof and proximal to distal for counterclockwise. Anteroposterior roof flutters were similar to clockwise MA flutter with negative P in inferior leads and transition to flat or negative P in V
3
through V
6
. Coronary sinus activation time ≤39 ms identified roof versus MA flutter (sensitivity: 100% and specificity: 97%).

Conclusions:
Roof-dependent flutter around right PVs is more common than around left PVs. The ECG pattern for roof-dependent flutter around right PVs is similar to MA flutter with frontal plane axis dictated by septal activation. Roof-dependent flutter can be distinguished from MA flutter by more simultaneous rather than sequential coronary sinus activation.
Resource Utilization in Pediatric Patients Supported With Ventricular Assist Devices in the United States: A Multicenter Study From the Pediatric Interagency Registry for Mechanically Assisted Circulatory Support and the Pediatric Health Information System
Authors: Rossano Joseph W. , Cantor Ryan S. , Dai Dingwei , Shamszad Pirouz , Huang Yuan‐Shung , Hall Matthew , Lin Kimberly Y. , Edens R. Erik , Parrino P. Eugene , Kirklin James K. 
Published: June 2018

Background

Few data exist on resource utilization with pediatric ventricular assist devices (
VAD
s). We tested the hypothesis that device type and adverse events are associated with increased resource utilization in pediatric patients supported with
VAD
s.

Methods and Results

The Pediatric Interagency Registry for Mechanically Assisted Circulatory Support, a national registry of
VAD
s in patients <19 years old, and the Pediatric Health Information System, an administrative database, were merged. Univariate analysis was performed assessing the association of all factors with the total cost and length of stay first. Significant variables (
P
<0.05) were subjected to multivariable analysis. The study included 142 patients from 19 centers with
VAD
implants from October 2012 to June 2016. The median age was 9 years (interquartile range [
IQR
] 2‐15), 84 (59%) supported with a continuous‐flow
VAD
. Overall median hospital costs were $750 000 (
IQR
$539 000 to $1 100 000) with a median hospital length of stay of 81 days (
IQR
54‐128). On multivariable analysis, device type and postoperative complications were not associated with resource utilization. Factors associated with increased costs included patient age, lower‐volume
VAD
center, being intubated, being on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, number of complex chronic medical conditions, and length of stay. Among continuous‐flow
VAD
patients, discharge to home before transplant versus remaining hospitalized was associated with lower hospital costs (median $600 000 [
IQR
$400 000 to $820 000] versus median $680 000 [
IQR
$500 000 to $970 000],
P
=0.03).

Conclusion

VAD
s in pediatric patients are associated with high resource utilization. Increased resource utilization was associated with lower‐volume
VAD
centers, disease severity at
VAD
implantation, and the presence of complex chronic medical conditions. Further study is needed to develop cost‐effective strategies in this complex population.