bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy and safety of basic fibroblast growth factor in the treatment of burns
Authors: Zhan Da-Chuan , Shen Yong-Shuai , Zhao Yue-Rong , Meng Fan-Jun 
Published: April 2019

Abstract

Background:
To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) in the treatment of burns and to provide evidence-based medical information for clinicians to choose the appropriate treatment measures for burns.

Methods:
Seven databases, including PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Embase, the Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, the Wanfang Database, the China National Knowledge Infrastructure Internet, and the Chongqing Chongqing Weipu Chinese Science and Technology Journal Full-text Database (VIP), were searched by computer. Randomized controlled trials on bFGF in the treatment of burns were collected, and the search was conducted by using a combination of subject terms (MeSH) and free words. The search time limit was from the establishment of each database until January 2019. Two researchers independently screened the literature and extracted the data. According to the evaluation criteria recommended in the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions version 5.3.0, they conducted a rigorous bias risk assessment for the included studies, and Stata 12.0 software was used for meta-analysis.

Results:
System evaluation and meta-analysis were carried out strictly in accordance with the requirements of the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions version 5.3.0 on meta-analysis and provided a high-quality evaluation of the efficacy and safety of bFGF in the treatment of burns.

Conclusion:
This study provided conclusions from evidence-based medicine and a scientific basis for the efficacy and safety of bFGF in the clinical treatment of burns.

Ethics and dissemination:
This study was not a clinical trial and therefore did not require ethical approval. The results of this study will be published in an SCI academic journal related to this study in the form of a public publication.

PROSPERO registration number:
CRD42019124778.
Rationale and design of the randomized, multicenter, open-label, controlled POLBOS 3 trial aimed to compare regular drug-eluting stents versus the dedicated coronary bifurcation sirolimus-eluting BiOSS LIM C stent
Authors: Gil Robert J. , Pawłowski Tomasz , Legutko Jacek , Lesiak Maciej , Witkowski Adam , Gąsior Mariusz , Kern Adam , Bil Jacek 
Published: April 2019

Abstract

Introduction:
Coronary bifurcations are encountered in about 15% to 20% of percutaneous coronary interventions (PCIs). They are considered technically challenging and associated with worse clinical outcomes than nonbifurcation lesions. The BiOSS LIM C is a dedicated bifurcation balloon expandable stent made of cobalt-chromium alloy (strut thickness 70 μm) releasing sirolimus (1.4 μg/mm2) from the surface of a biodegradable coating comprised of a copolymer of lactic and glycolic acids.

Conclusion:
The aim of the randomized, multicenter, open-label, controlled POLBOS III trial is to compare BiOSS LIM C with limus second-generation drug-eluting stents (DES) in the treatment of non-left main stem coronary bifurcations (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03548272).
Effect of irradiation with intravascular laser on the hemodynamic variables of hypertensive patients
Authors: Isabella Adriana Paula Jordão , Silva Jéssica Tayane Costa , da Silva Tamiris , Rodrigues Maria Fernanda Setúbal Destro , Horliana Anna Carolina Ratto Tempestini , Motta Lara Jansiski , Bussadori Sandra Kalil , Pavani Christiane , Silva Daniela de Fátima Teixeira da 
Published: April 2019

Abstract

Background:
High blood pressure (HBP) is a multifactorial clinical condition, with a high morbidity and mortality rate and low rates of control. Due to its high prevalence, it is necessary to search for methods which aim to improve the quality of life of hypertensive patients. Studies have shown that low level laser therapy (LLLT) is capable of inducing a photobiological response within the cells which modifies the micro and macrovascular response; this accompanies evidence showing the systemic effects of intravascular laser irradiation of blood (ILIB). In the hypothesis that the use of LLLT can influence blood pressure levels, and perhaps facilitate adherence to treatment, this study aims to present a clinical research protocol with the goal of determining the effect of photobiomodulation in relation to changes in the hemodynamic parameters of hypertensive and normotensive patients.

Method:
Forty-four participants, frequent attendees of an ambulatory university clinic, will be subdivided into 4 groups, and then submitted to protocol sessions of ILIB. The technique is noninvasive and consists of a laser which is attached to a bracelet which has been specifically developed for the light beam to be transcutaneously carried over the radial artery. Before the procedure, at the end of the photobiomodulation cycles, and 1 month after the end of therapy, blood samples will be collected for the evaluation of C-reactive protein, interleukin 6, and nitric oxide, to be analyzed by immunoturbidimetric, ELISA, and Griess reactions, respectively.

Analysis of results:
Results will be analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics and will be compiled into tables and/or graphs, with the help of SPSS version 24.0 with the adopted significance level for all tests being α = 0.05.

Discussion:
The treatment of HBP involves both pharmacological and nonpharmacological therapy. Animal studies with photobiomodulation have previously shown hypotensive effects. Gaps in the literature exist regarding the applicability of this nonpharmacological therapy in humans. This study aims to consider the possibility of offering nonpharmacological therapy to hypertensive patients with the goal of increasing adherence to the treatment as well as minimizing morbidity and mortality caused by hypertension.
HDL from an Alzheimer's disease perspective
Authors: Button Emily B. , Robert Jérôme , Caffrey Tara M. , Fan Jianjia , Zhao Wenchen , Wellington Cheryl L. 
Published: April 2019

Purpose of review
We review current knowledge regarding HDL and Alzheimer's disease, focusing on HDL's vasoprotective functions and potential as a biomarker and therapeutic target for the vascular contributions of Alzheimer's disease.

Recent findings
Many epidemiological studies have observed that circulating HDL levels associate with decreased Alzheimer's disease risk. However, it is now understood that the functions of HDL may be more informative than levels of HDL cholesterol (HDL-C). Animal model studies demonstrate that HDL protects against memory deficits, neuroinflammation, and cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA). In-vitro studies using state-of-the-art 3D models of the human blood–brain barrier (BBB) confirm that HDL reduces vascular Aβ accumulation and attenuates Aβ-induced endothelial inflammation. Although HDL-based therapeutics have not been tested in clinical trials for Alzheimer's disease , several HDL formulations are in advanced phase clinical trials for coronary artery disease and atherosclerosis and could be leveraged toward Alzheimer's disease .

Summary
Evidence from human studies, animal models, and bioengineered arteries supports the hypothesis that HDL protects against cerebrovascular dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease. Assays of HDL functions relevant to Alzheimer's disease may be desirable biomarkers of cerebrovascular health. HDL-based therapeutics may also be of interest for Alzheimer's disease, using stand-alone or combination therapy approaches.
Loss of Menin Expression by Immunohistochemistry in Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors
Authors: Samdani Rashmi T. , Wasylishen Amanda R. , Halperin Daniel M. , Dasari Arvind , Yao James C. , Rashid Asif , Estrella Jeannelyn S. 
Published: April 2019

Objectives
Molecular characterization of sporadic pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PanNETs) demonstrates frequent alterations in MEN1. As the role of menin immunohistochemistry as a potential biomarker is being developed, knowledge of whether the pattern of menin expression is the same in primary tumors and distant metastases may help in patient care. Therefore, we compared patterns of menin expression in matched primary tumors and metastases.

Methods
We evaluated loss of menin nuclear expression by immunohistochemistry in 44 matched samples of primary and metastatic PanNETs and concordance in staining pattern between primary and metastatic tumors.

Results
Menin nuclear expression was lost in 18 (41%) of 44 primary tumors and 17 (39%) of 44 metastases. Concordant loss of menin expression was observed in 41 cases (93%); discordance was observed in 3 cases (7%; 95% confidence interval, 1.4%–18.7%), including 2 with loss in the primary tumor but not the metastasis.

Conclusions
The concordance of menin staining between primary tumor and metastasis in most cases suggests that menin loss is an early event in PanNET tumorigenesis. The discordant expression observed in a small subset may be a source of menin-directed therapy failure; thus, repeat assessment of metastases may be helpful for treatment selection.
Orexin-A Stimulates Insulin Secretion Through the Activation of the OX1 Receptor and Mammalian Target of Rapamycin in Rat Insulinoma Cells
Authors: Chang Xiaocen , Suo Linna , Xu Na , Zhao Yuyan 
Published: April 2019

Objectives
The study aimed to investigate the involvement of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway in orexin-A/OX1 receptor–induced insulin secretion in rat insulinoma INS-1 cells.

Methods
Rat insulinoma INS-1 cells were grown and treated with various concentrations of orexin-A, with or without OX1 receptor–selective antagonist SB674042 or the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/mTOR antagonist PF-04691502. Insulin release experiments, Western blot analysis, and statistical analysis were conducted using INS-1 cells.

Results
Our results showed that treating cells with orexin-A increased the expression of the OX1 receptor and the phosphorylation of mTOR in a concentration-dependent manner. An increase in insulin secretion was also observed for cells treated with orexin-A. We further demonstrated that the increase in insulin secretion was dependent on the activation of the OX1 receptor and mTOR signaling pathway by using the OX1 receptor–selective antagonist SB674042 or the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/mTOR antagonist PF-04691502, which abolished the effects of orexin-A treatment.

Conclusions
Our results concluded that orexin-A/OX1 receptor stimulates insulin secretion by activating AKT and its downstream target, mTOR. Therefore, orexins may regulate the energy balance for cell survival with the involvement of mTOR in this process.
Retrocolic Gastrojejunostomy After Pancreaticoduodenectomy
Authors: Miyazaki Yoshihiro , Oda Tatsuya , Shimomura Osamu , Enomoto Tsuyoshi , Akashi Yoshimasa , Hisakura Katsuji , Ohara Yusuke , Kimura Sota , Hashimoto Shinji , Ohkohchi Nobuhiro 
Published: April 2019

Objectives
Delayed gastric emptying (DGE) is a critical complication after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD). Antecolic gastrojejunostomy has long been adopted as standard procedure because it is thought to reduce DGE. However, we have used retrocolic gastrojejunostomy (retro-GJ) for more than 10 years and have not observed high DGE rates. We aimed to clarify whether our retro-GJ approach produced comparable outcomes in preventing DGE.

Methods
A total of 211 patients who underwent pylorus-resecting PD with retro-GJ at our institution between 2005 and 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. The incidence rate of DGE and the length of postoperative hospital stay were assessed.

Results
The overall incidence of DGE with our retro-GJ procedure was 13% (n = 28), and the rate of clinically relevant DGE (grade B or C based on the International Study Group of Pancreatic Surgery criteria) was 4% (n = 8). The median postoperative hospital stay was 17 days (interquartile range, 13–25 days). Major complications (Clavien-Dindo grade ≥III) occurred in 37% (n = 79) of patients and were not associated with the occurrence of clinically relevant DGE (P = 0.47).

Conclusions
Our retro-GJ approach after PD with gastrojejunostomy, which involves careful positioning at the left-sided inframesocolic point, satisfactorily prevents DGE.
Predicting Survival of Small Intestine Neuroendocrine Tumors
Authors: Kelly Susheian , Aalberg Jeffrey , Agathis Alexandra , Phillips Katherine , Haile Sara , Haines Kenneth , Kang Kim Michelle , Divino Celia M. 
Published: April 2019

Objective
Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) comprise 41.8% of small intestine malignancies. The NET nomogram is a 15-item prognostic tool that includes relevant factors for guiding management decisions. This is the first external validation of this tool among American patients at a tertiary treatment center.

Methods
Patients who underwent surgical intervention from 2005 to 2017 were screened by retrospective chart review. Nomogram scores were calculated following the methods outlined by Modlin et al (Neuroendocrinology. 2010;92:143–157). Validation assessed the association between nomogram scores and survival using Wilcoxon test and Cox regression.

Results
Among the 121 patients selected, the NET nomogram significantly predicted survival as a continuous variable (P < 0.01) and when dichotomized using 83 points to distinguish low-risk versus high-risk groups (P < 0.01). However, the nomogram was not universally applicable as even at our specialty center, variables such as chromogranin A and urinary 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid are not routinely collected, whereas others, like tumor grade, do not reflect the most recently updated classifications.

Conclusion
The NET nomogram accurately identified patients at low and high risk of death. However, revision to update prognosticators could improve its usefulness for predicting survival of small intestine NETs.
Retrospective Matched-Cohort Analysis of Acute Pancreatitis Induced by 5-Aminosalicylic Acid–Derived Drugs
Authors: Meczker Ágnes , Mikó Alexandra , Gede Noémi , Szentesi Andrea , Párniczky Andrea , Gódi Szilárd , Hegyi Péter 
Published: April 2019

Objectives
This study aimed to compare the clinical course of 5-aminosalicylic acid–derived, drug-induced acute pancreatitis (5-ASA–DIAP) to acute pancreatitis (AP) caused by other etiologies.

Methods
A cohort of patients with 5-ASA–DIAP was established through literature search. As a control AP (CAP) group, a cohort was generated from a registry. Data on the diagnostic procedure, symptoms, enzyme elevation, imaging, severity, and recovery parameters were collected. Causality was assessed using the Naranjo algorithm.

Results
Twenty-nine articles were included, which describe 36 patients with fifty-one 5-ASA–DIAP episodes (60.78% female, 39.22% male). There were 88.2% mild, 3.92% moderate, and 7.84% severe cases of AP in the 5-ASA–DIAP group, and 70.6%, 25.5%, and 3.92% such cases in the CAP population, respectively. Symptoms improved significantly faster (mean ± SE, 2.5 ± 0.34 vs 3.74 ± 0.42 days; P = 0.018); however, pancreatic enzyme levels normalized significantly more slowly (6.27 ± 1.53 vs 3.63 ± 0.61 days, P = 0.008) in the 5-ASA–DIAP cohort compared with the CAP group. This study confirms that there are no diagnostic differences between 5-ASA–DIAP and AP of other etiologies.

Conclusions
Fewer moderate but more severe cases were found in the 5-ASA–DIAP group; therefore, 5-ASA–DIAP must be taken as seriously as AP of other etiologies.
The Analgesic Efficacy of Forced Coughing During Cervical Punch Biopsy: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Study
Authors: Akavia Tal Goldstein , Segev Yakir , Balan Edith , Siegler Efraim 
Published: April 2019

(Abstracted from Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol 2018;58:681–685)
Cervical punch biopsies are a common procedure performed routinely in ambulatory health care facilities and are usually performed without local anesthesia. Use of local anesthesia injections alleviates the pain associated with the procedure, but has numerous disadvantages, including risk of allergies or intravascular injection, pain from the injection itself, and lengthening procedure time.
Acupuncture in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Authors: Bishop Katherine C. , Ford Anne C. , Kuller Jeffrey A. , Dotters-Katz Sarah 
Published: April 2019

Importance
Acupuncture is a key component of therapy in traditional Chinese medicine. Only in the last few decades has acupuncture become popular in the United States. The mechanism behind acupuncture's effects on the body and brain has not been completely elucidated, but there is evidence that acupuncture has effects on the endocrine, immune, and sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. It may also act through electrical and mechanical signaling through the connective tissue and fascia. Despite this uncertainty, the positive effects of acupuncture have been well established.

Objective
In this review, we discuss the basic concepts of traditional Chinese medicine and acupuncture and examine the evidence regarding the use of acupuncture in obstetrics and gynecology.

Evidence Acquisition
We conducted a literature review of acupuncture in obstetrics and gynecology using PubMed.

Results
The available data demonstrate that acupuncture is beneficial in the treatment of labor pain, back pain in pregnancy, and dysmenorrhea. It is unclear if acupuncture is effective for hyperemesis, chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting, and menopausal hot flushes, or if moxibustion is effective in correcting breech presentation. There are limited but positive data regarding menopause-related sleep disturbances, depression in pregnancy, and overactive bladder. Acupuncture is not beneficial for improving outcomes in in vitro fertilization.

Conclusions and Relevance
Acupuncture is an increasingly popular therapy with many potential applications in obstetrics and gynecology. A general understanding of the basic principles of acupuncture and the safety and efficacy of its practice is necessary for the general obstetrician and gynecologist to make informed recommendations to patients.

Target Audience
Obstetricians and gynecologists, family physicians.

Learning Objectives
After completing this activity, the learner should be better able to identify the basic concepts of traditional Chinese medicine and how it differs from Western medicine; describe common obstetrical and gynecologic issues that can be successfully treated with acupuncture; and distinguish the main issues in designing acupuncture studies regarding blinding, choosing a control group, and identifying areas of potential bias.
Real-World Retention Rates After Intravesical OnabotulinumtoxinA for Idiopathic Overactive Bladder
Authors: Liberman Daniel , Milhouse Olufenwa , Johnson-Mitchell Marta , Siegel Steven W. 
Published: April 2019

(Abstracted from Female Pelvic Med Reconstr Surg 2018;24:404–407)
Intravesical onabotulinumtoxinA (BoNT-A) is used for treatment of idiopathic overactive bladder (iOAB) when conservative measures and medications fail to improve symptoms. After intravesical BoNT-A, the risk of incomplete bladder evacuation (IBE) requiring catheterization is well established.
Satisfactory postoperative alignment following retrograde SIGN Fin nailing for femoral shaft fractures
Authors: Wilson Nathaniel M. , Shaw Jordan T. , Malaba Mbonisi , Yugusuk Fasto L.T. , Nyambati Philemon , Siy Alexander B. , Galat Daniel D. , Koech Kiprono , Nugent Dylan , Whiting Paul S. 
Published: April 2019

Abstract

Purpose:
In developing countries, long bone fractures following trauma are a significant contributor to morbidity, and operating room resources are often limited in these settings. The Surgical Implant Generation Network (SIGN) Fin nail may reduce the challenges of retrograde intramedullary nailing of femoral fractures without fluoroscopy. In contrast to the traditional SIGN nail placed in a retrograde fashion, the Fin nail does not require proximal interlocking screws. Instead, the nail achieves stability through an interference fit within the proximal femoral canal. The purpose of this study is to compare postoperative alignment in femoral shaft fractures treated with either a retrograde SIGN Fin nail or a standard retrograde SIGN nail.

Method:
Using the SIGN online surgical database, we identified all femoral shaft fractures treated with a retrograde SIGN Fin nail at 2 African hospitals. Two examiners independently classified fracture patterns using the Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Osteosynthesefragen/Orthopaedic Trauma Association (AO/OTA) classification system. Using an on-screen protractor tool, postoperative coronal and sagittal plane alignment were measured and recorded as deviation from anatomic alignment (DFAA), with units in degrees. Available patient demographics and surgical details were also recorded. Fin nail cases were matched in a 1:1 ratio to retrograde standard SIGN nail cases based on AO/OTA fracture type.

Results:
Twenty-eight retrograde Fin nail cases were identified, and 28 matched retrograde SIGN nail cases were selected. The Fin nail and retrograde SIGN nail groups were well matched in terms of demographics, AO/OTA fracture type, and surgical characteristics. There was no significant difference in postoperative coronal or sagittal plane alignment between the groups. There were no cases in either group of average postoperative malalignment >5° in any plane.

Conclusion:
The SIGN Fin nail appears to achieve satisfactory radiographic alignment without the need for proximal interlocking screws, making it an attractive implant for retrograde femoral shaft fracture fixation in resource-limited settings. Further research is required to validate these findings and determine long-term Fin nail clinical outcomes.