bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic and clinicopathologic significance of MicroRNA-125a-5p in cancers
Authors: Ye Haidong , Zhu Wei , Mei Lina , Lu Zhouxiang 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The aim of the study was to estimate the prognostic and clinicopathologic significance of miR-125a-5p in human cancers. Eligible studies were obtained from PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library. Combined hazard ratios (HRs) and odds ratios (ORs) were used to evaluate the prognostic and clinicopathologic value of miR-125a-5p. In pan-cancer, high miR-125a-5p expression was associated with better overall survival (OS) (HR = 0.459, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.369–0.57, P < .001), and disease-free survival (HR = 0.343, 95% CI: 0.237–0.496, P < .001). Furthermore, favorable OS was also found in lung cancer (HR = 0.343, 95% CI: 0.228–0.517, P < .001) and gastric cancer (HR = 0.341, 95% CI: 0.160–0.725, P = .005) patients with high miR-125a-5p expression. Besides, high miR-125a-5p expression was correlated with early stage (OR = 0.413, 95% CI: 0.228–0.749, P = .004) and negative lymph node metastasis (OR = 0.262, 95% CI: 0.073–0.941, P = .04) in gastric cancer, and was linked with better tumor differentiation in pan-cancer (OR = 1.623, 95% CI: 1.064–2.476, P = .025) and lung cancer (OR = 2.371, 95% CI: 1.358–4.141, P = .002). In conclusion, miR-125a-5p is a tumor suppressor with prognostic and clinicopathologic values for human cancer, and miR-125a-5p overexpression predicted favorable prognosis, early stage, negative lymph node metastasis, and better tumor differentiation. More research should be conducted to test these results.
Clinicopathologic parameters associated with the FDG-avidity in staging of early gastric cancer using 18F-FDG PET
Authors: Yoon Joon-Kee , Byun Cheulsu , Jo Kyung Sook , Hur Hun , Lee Kee Myung , Lim Seon Kyo , Lee Dakeun , Lee Su Jin , An Young-Sil , Han Sang-Uk 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This study investigated the clinicopathologic factors associated with 2-[18F]fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose (18F-FDG) uptake of early gastric cancer (EGC) and used them to design a clinical scoring method to predict FDG-avidity of EGC.
Two hundred twenty-nine retrospectively enrolled patients underwent preoperative 18F-FDG positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT). Histologic information was obtained by gastrectomy (n = 195) or endoscopic mucosal dissection (n = 34). The association between clinicopathologic factors and 18F-FDG uptake by the primary tumor was determined. The results were used to develop a clinical scoring method.

18F-FDG uptake was detected in 49 (17.5%) patients. According to univariate analysis, location, gross type, World Health Organization classification, Lauren classification, size, depth of invasion, and lymphatic invasion were significant variables affecting 18F-FDG uptake (all P
< .05). According to multivariate analysis, location (lower 3rd, P
= .035), gross type (0–I, 0–IIa, P
< .001), size (≥2.5 cm, P
= .026), and depth of invasion (submucosa, P
= .007) were significantly associated with FDG-avidity. A clinical scoring system, ranged from 0 to 4, was developed by giving one score to 4 independent variables. A cut-off value of 2.5 showed good prediction of FDG-avidity in EGCs, with a sensitivity and specificity of 65.0% and 85.2%, respectively.

18F-FDG uptake by EGC depends on location, gross type, size, and depth of invasion of the primary tumor. A clinical scoring system based on clinicopathologic variables can predict the FDG-avidity of primary tumors in patients with EGC.
Validation of the Presence of Nursing Scale Using Data Triangulation
Authors: Hansbrough Wendy B. , Georges Jane M. 
Published: August 2019

Background
Nursing presence has been developed as a distinct concept with identifiable behaviors but remains only partially defined as a quantifiable construct.

Objectives
This study asked if the Presence of Nursing Scale (PONS) is a reliable and valid instrument to measure nursing presence from the patient’s perspective.

Methods
A convenience sample of 75 adult acute care inpatients were verbally administered the 25-item PONS considering the registered nurse taking care of them on the day of data collection. Open-ended questions elicited the patients’ explanations of their ratings. They also rated their overall satisfaction with the nursing care provided by the subject nurse using a 5-point scale.

Results
The mean PONS score was 104.5 (SD = 17.26) on the 25–125 scale. Instrument reliability reported as a Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of .95 was .94 in this study. Instrument validity was tested correlating PONS scores to the satisfaction rating. The Spearman’s rho correlation was large and statistically significant, r (73) = .708. The higher the PONS score, the more satisfied the patient was with care from that nurse. Nineteen narratives selected from the lower quartile PONS scores (PONS < 99) and 11 from the upper quartile (PONS > 116) were thematically analyzed. Lower PONS scores corresponded with themes of patients being objectified as the work of the nurse without a respectful and caring nurse–patient relationship. Higher PONS scores coincided with patients’ perceptions of enhanced nurse–patient rapport, feelings of better coping, and decreased anxiety.

Discussion
These results demonstrate reliability and validity of the PONS and add to the body of evidence about nurse behaviors exhibited in the nurse–patient relationship, which influence patients’ feelings of being cared for and satisfied with nursing care. These findings may be useful in the development of educational materials aimed at the advancement of nursing presence competency.
Effectiveness of four oral antifungal drugs (fluconazole, griseofulvin, itraconazole, terbinafine) in current epidemic of altered dermatophytosis in India: A randomized pragmatic trial
Authors: Singh Sanjay , Chandra Usha , Verma Priyanka , Anchan Vinayak N , Tilak Ragini 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundDermatophyte infections have undergone unprecedented changes in India in recent past. Clinical trials comparing effectiveness of 4 main oral antifungal drugs are not available. We tested effectiveness of oral fluconazole, griseofulvin, itraconazole and terbinafine in chronic and chronic-relapsing tinea corporis, tinea cruris and tinea faciei.MethodsTwo hundred microscopy confirmed patients were allocated to 4 groups, fluconazole (5mg/kg/day), griseofulvin (10 mg/kg/day), itraconazole (5mg/kg/day), and terbinafine (7.5mg/kg/day), by concealed block randomization and treated for 8 weeks or cure. Effectiveness was calculated based on intention to treat analysis.ResultsAt 4 weeks, 4, 1, 2, and 4 patients were cured with fluconazole, griseofulvin, itraconazole and terbinafine, respectively (P=0.417). At 8 weeks, 21 (42%), 7 (14%), 33 (66%) and 14 (28%) patients were cured, respectively (P=0.000); itraconazole was superior to fluconazole, griseofulvin and terbinafine (P≤0.016). Relapse rates after 4 and 8 weeks of cure in different groups were similar. Numbers-needed-to-treat (NNT) (versus griseofulvin), calculated based on cure rates at 8 weeks, for itraconazole, fluconazole, and terbinafine were 2, 4 and 8, respectively.ConclusionIn view of cure rates and NNT, itraconazole is the most effective drug, followed by fluconazole (daily), terbinafine and then griseofulvin, in chronic and chronic-relapsing dermatophytosis in India.One Sentence SummaryEffectiveness of all four antifungals has declined, with itraconazole being the most effective currently in dermatophytosis in India.
The computation of directional selectivity in the Drosophila OFF motion pathway
Authors: Gruntman Eyal , Romani Sandro , Reiser Michael B. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe direction of visual motion in Drosophila is computed by separate pathways for moving ON and OFF features. The 4th order neurons T4 (ON) and T5 (OFF) are the first neurons in their respective pathways to extract a directionally selective response from their non-selective inputs. Recent functional studies have found a major role for local inhibition in the generation of directionally selective responses. However, T5 lacks small-field inhibitory inputs. Here we use whole-cell recordings of T5 neurons and find an asymmetric receptive field structure, with fast excitation and persistent, spatially trailing inhibition. We assayed pairwise interactions of local stimulation across the receptive field, and find no active amplification, only passive suppression. We constructed a biophysical model of T5 based on the classic Receptive Field. This model, which lacks active conductances and was tuned only to match non-moving stimuli, accurately predicts responses to complex moving stimuli.
Irrelevant auditory and tactile signals, but not visual signals, interact with the target onset and modulate saccade latencies
Authors: Vidal Manuel , Desantis Andrea , Madelain Laurent 
Published: August 2019

AbstractSaccadic eye movements bring events of interest to the center of the retina, enabling detailed visual analysis. This study explored whether irrelevant auditory (experiments A, B & F), visual (C & D) or tactile signals (E & F) delivered around the onset of a visual target modulates saccade latency. Participants were instructed to execute a quick saccade toward a target stepping left or right from a fixation position. We observed an interaction between auditory beeps or tactile vibrations and the oculomotor reaction that included two components: a warning effect resulting in faster saccades when the signal and the target were presented simultaneously; and a modulation effect with shorter – or longer – latencies when auditory and tactile signals were delivered before – or after – the target onset. Combining both modalities only increased the modulation effect to a limited extent, pointing to a saturation of the multisensory interaction with the motor control. Interestingly, irrelevant visual stimuli (black background or isoluminant noise stripes in peripheral vision, flashed for 10 ms) increased saccade latency whether they were presented just before or after target onset. The lack of latency reduction with visual signals suggests that the modulation observed in the auditory and tactile experiments was not related to priming effects but rather to low-level audio- and tactile-visual integration. The increase in saccade latency observed with irrelevant visual stimuli is discussed in relation to saccadic inhibition. Our results demonstrate that signals conveying no information regarding where and when a visual target would appear modulate saccadic reactivity, much like in multisensory temporal binding, but only when these signals come from a different modality.
Lymphocyte subpopulations and mast cells intestinal changes as indicators of inflammatory bowel disease in dogs
Authors: Espinoza-Zambrano Andrés , González Carlos Manuel 
Published: August 2019

AbstractInflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a disease with recurring gastrointestinal symptoms. Lymphocytes and mast cells are proposed as important components in the immunopathology of IBD in dogs. Mast cells depend on degranulation, a process that compromises mucosal permeability and normal intestinal barrier function, which alters the normal inflammatory process by allowing recruitment of lymphocytes in dogs with IBD. In this study, T and B lymphocyte populations and mast cells were examined in situ in 39 intestinal samples of dogs affected by IBD, by immunohistochemistry. Both T lymphocytes and mast cells numbers were significantly higher in the lamina propria of the intestinal wall of dogs with IBD compared with control dogs. Out of the total number of mast cells detected by CD117 expression significantly less cells appear to be granulated according to granule staining with Toluidine Blue, suggesting that an important degranulation process takes place in IBD. Single and double immune staining for tryptase and chymase showed that mast cells can express only one or both enzymes. Tryptase positive cells were significantly higher in number that chymase positive and tryptase/chymase positive cells. T lymphocytes were concentrated mostly at the upper portion of the intestinal villi lamina propria while mast cells were distributed mainly among crypts. These results suggest that populations of T lymphocytes and mast cells play a role in the immunopathology and development of IBD in dogs, also these changes could be helpful as complementary indicators of canine IBD.
Dopamine neuron ensembles signal the content of sensory prediction errors
Authors: Stalnaker Thomas A. , Howard James D. , Takahashi Yuji K. , Gershman Samuel J. , Kahnt Thorsten , Schoenbaum Geoffrey 
Published: August 2019

AbstractDopamine neurons respond to errors in predicting value-neutral sensory information. These data, combined with causal evidence that dopamine transients support sensory-based associative learning, suggest that the dopamine system signals a multidimensional prediction error. Yet such complexity is not evident in individual neuron or average neural activity. How then do downstream areas know what to learn in response to these signals? One possibility is that information about content is contained in the pattern of firing across many dopamine neurons. Consistent with this, here we show that the pattern of firing across a small group of dopamine neurons recorded in rats signals the identity of a mis-predicted sensory event. Further, this same information is reflected in the BOLD response elicited by sensory prediction errors in human midbrain. These data provide evidence that ensembles of dopamine neurons provide highly specific teaching signals, opening new possibilities for how this system might contribute to learning.
A constraint programming approach to type-2 assembly line balancing problem with assignment restrictions
Authors: Pinarbasi Mehmet , Alakas Hacı Mehmet , Yuzukirmizi Mustafa 
Published: August 2019

Purpose
Main constraints for an assembly line balancing problem (ALBP) are cycle time/number of stations and task precedence relations. However, due to the technological and organizational limitations, several other restrictions can be encountered in real production systems. These restrictions are called as assignment restrictions and can be task assignment, station, resource and distance limitations. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the effects of these restrictions on ALBP using constraint programming (CP) model.

Design/methodology/approach
A novel CP model is proposed and compared to mixed-integer programming (MIP) as a benchmark. The objective is to minimize the cycle time for a given number of stations. The authors also provide explicit anthology of the assignment restriction effects on line efficiency, the solution quality and the computation time.

Findings
The proposed approach is verified with the literature test instances and a real-life problem from a furniture manufacturing company. Computational experiments show that, despite the fact that additional assignment restrictions are problematic in mathematical solutions, CP is a versatile exact solution alternative in modelling and the solution quality.

Practical implications
Assembly line is a popular manufacturing system in the making of standardized high volume products. The problem of assembly line balancing is a crucial challenge in these settings and consists of assigning tasks to the stations by optimizing one or more objectives. Type-2 AR-ALBP is a specific case with the objective function of minimizing the cycle time for a given number of stations. It further assumes assignment restrictions that can be confronted due to the technological limitations or the strategic decisions of the company management. This is especially encountered in rebalancing lines.

Originality/value
Several solution approaches such as mathematical modelling, heuristic and meta-heuristic are proposed to solve the ALBP in the literature. In this study, a new approach has been presented using CP. Efficient models are developed for Type-2 ALBP with several assignment restrictions. Previous studies have not considered the problem to the presented extent. Furthermore, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, the paper is the first study that solves ALBP with assignment restrictions using CP.
Refined bond-based peridynamics for thermal diffusion
Authors: Gu Xin , Zhang Qing , Madenci Erdogan 
Published: August 2019

PurposeThis paper aims to review the existing bond-based peridynamic (PD) and state-based PD heat conduction models, and further propose a refined bond-based PD thermal conduction model by using the PD differential operator.Design/methodology/approachThe general refined bond-based PD is established by replacing the local spatial derivatives in the classical heat conduction equations with their corresponding nonlocal integral forms obtained by the PD differential operator. This modeling approach is representative of the state-based PD models, whereas the resulting governing equations appear as the bond-based PD models.FindingsThe refined model can be reduced to the existing bond-based PD heat conduction models by specifying particular influence functions. Also, the refined model does not require any calibration procedure unlike the bond-based PD. A systematic explicit dynamic solver is introduced to validate 1 D, 2 D and 3 D heat conduction in domains with and without a crack subjected to a combination of Dirichlet, Neumann and convection boundary conditions. All of the PD predictions are in excellent agreement with the classical solutions and demonstrate the nonlocal feature and advantage of PD in dealing with heat conduction in discontinuous domains.Originality/valueThe existing PD heat conduction models are reviewed. A refined bond-based PD thermal conduction model by using PD differential operator is proposed and 3 D thermal conduction in intact or cracked structures is simulated.
Bioinspired designs impart robots with unique capabilities
Authors: Bogue Robert 
Published: August 2019

Purpose
This paper aims to provide an insight into robot developments that use bioinspired design concepts.

Design/methodology/approach
Following a short introduction to biomimetics, this paper first provides examples of bioinspired terrestrial, aerial and underwater robot navigation techniques. It then discusses bioinspired locomotion and considers a selection of robotic products and developments inspired by snakes, bats, diving birds, fish and dragonflies. Finally, brief concluding comments are drawn.

Findings
The application of design concepts that mimic the capabilities and processes found in living creatures can impart robots with unique abilities. Bioinspired techniques used by insects and other organisms, notably optic flow and sunlight polarisation sensing, allow robots to navigate without the need for methods such as simultaneous localisation and mapping, GPS or inertial measurement units. Bioinspired locomotion techniques have yielded robots capable of operating in water, air and on land and in some cases, making the transition between different media.

Originality/value
This shows how bioinspired design concepts can impart robots with innovative and enhanced navigation and locomotion capabilities.
Prediction of HCV load using genotype, liver biomarkers, and clinical symptoms by a mathematical model in patients with HCV infection
Authors: Basharkhah Samira , Sabet Faezeh , Ghezeldasht Sanaz Ahmadi , Mosavat Arman , Jahantigh Hamid Reza , Barati Elham , Shamsian Khosrow , Saleh‐Moghaddam Masoud , Sharebyani Hiva , Hassannia Tahereh , Shamsian Seyed Ali Akbar 
Published: August 2019

AbstractHepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a major public health problem with about 1.75 million new HCV cases and 71 million chronic HCV infections worldwide. The study aimed to evaluate clinical, serological, molecular, and liver markers to develop a mathematical predictive model for the quantification of the HCV viral load in chronic HCV infected patients. In this cross‐sectional study, blood samples were taken from 249 recently diagnosed HCV‐infected subjects and were tested for liver condition, viral genotype, and HCV RNA load. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves and multiple linear regression analysis were used to predict the HCV‐RNA load. Genotype 3 followed by genotype 1 were the most prevalent genotypes in Mashhad, Northeastern Iran. The maximum levels of viral load were detected in the mixed genotype group, and the lowest levels in the undetectable genotype group. The log of the HCV viral load was significantly associated with thrombocytopenia and higher serum levels of alanine transaminase (ALT). In addition, the log HCV RNA was significantly higher in patients with arthralgia, fatigue, fever, vomiting, or dizziness. Moreover, genotype 3 was significantly associated with icterus. A ROC curve analysis revealed that the best cut‐off points for serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), ALT, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were >31, >34, and ≤246 IU/L, respectively. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive values for AST were 87.7%, 84.36%, and 44.6%, for ALT they were 83.51%, 81.11%, and 36%, and for ALP were 72.06%, 42.81%, and 8.3%, respectively. A mathematical regression model was developed that could estimate the HCV‐RNA load. Regression model: log viral load = 7.69 − 1.01 × G3 − 0.7 × G1 + 0.002 × ALT − 0.86 × fatigue.
Do networks or performance impact the promotion of Chinese officials? Evidence from prefecture‐level cities
Authors: Lu Chin‐Hwa , Shen Chung‐Hua 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis study examines the effects of connections and economic performance on the promotion of Chinese city mayors. Our study differs from the published literature in four respects. First, this study covers a comprehensive data set, including 1,422 mayors from 284 prefecture‐level cities. The use of a large data set helps resolve mixed results of past studies. Second, we use a broader range of top leaders. Third, we apply a more comprehensive definition of connections than earlier studies. Finally, we examine the effects of the policy shift of the 11th 5‐year plan on promotion of mayors. Our results reveal that the performance of a city mayor assisted his/her promotion to party secretary before 2006 but not afterwards. However, a mayor's connection with five types of top leaders is helpful. Among the four types of connection, colleagueship is the most effective in expediting the promotion of mayors. Graduating from the same university and department is also helpful but to a lesser extent. Township connection is not useful.