bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A prospective comparison of cancer clinical trial availability and enrollment among adolescents/young adults treated at an adult cancer hospital or affiliated children’s hospital
Authors: Thomas Stefanie M. , Malvar Jemily , Tran Hanh Henry , Shows Jared T. , Freyer David R. 
Published: October 2018

BackgroundLow cancer clinical trial (CCT) enrollment may contribute to survival disparities affecting adolescents and young adults (AYAs) (ages 15‐39 years). The objective of this study was to evaluate whether differences in CCT availability related to treatment site could explain the low CCT enrollment.MethodsThis prospective, observational cohort study was conducted at an academic children’s hospital and its affiliated but geographically separated adult cancer hospital within a National Cancer Institute‐designated Comprehensive Cancer Center. For consecutive, newly diagnosed AYA patients, it was determined whether an appropriate CCT existed nationally, was available at the treatment site, and was used for enrollment. Proportions of AYAs in these categories were compared between sites using the chi‐square test.ResultsOne hundred fifty‐two consecutive AYA patients were included from the children’s hospital (n = 68; ages 15‐20 years) and the adult cancer hospital (n = 84; ages 18‐39 years). Although there was no difference in CCT existence for individual AYA patients by site (children’s hospital [36 of 68 patients; 52.9%] vs adult cancer hospital [45 of 84 patients; 53.6%]; P = .938), CCT availability was significantly lower at the adult cancer hospital (14 of 84 patients [16.7%] vs 30 of 68 [44.1%] at the children’s hospital; P < .001). The proportion of AYAs enrolled was low at both sites (8 of 68 patients [11.8%] vs 6 of 84 patients [7.1%], respectively; P = .327). Fewer existing CCTs were available at the adult cancer hospital (4 of 27 patients [14.8%] vs 8 of 14 patients [57.1%], respectively), and those were directed toward solid tumors and new agents.ConclusionsEfforts to improve low CCT enrollment among AYAs should be differentiated by treatment site. In the adult setting, these efforts should be aimed at improving CCT availability by overcoming site‐level barriers to opening existing CCTs.
Knowledge regarding and patterns of genetic testing in patients newly diagnosed with breast cancer participating in the iCanDecide trial
Authors: Gornick Michele C. , Kurian Allison W. , An Lawrence C. , Fagerlin Angela , Jagsi Reshma , Katz Steven J. , Hawley Sarah T. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractBackgroundThe current study reports rates of knowledge regarding the probability of a BRCA1 and/or S pathogenic variant and genetic testing in patients with breast cancer, collected as part of a randomized controlled trial of a tailored, comprehensive, and interactive decision tool (iCanDecide).MethodsA total of 537 patients newly diagnosed with early‐stage breast cancer were enrolled at the time of their first visit in 22 surgical practices, and were surveyed 5 weeks (496 patients; Response Rate [RR], 92%) after enrollment after treatment decision making. Primary outcomes included knowledge regarding the probability of carrying a BRCA1 and/or BRCA2 pathogenic variant and genetic testing after diagnosis.ResultsOverall knowledge regarding the probability of having a BRCA1 and/or BRCA2 pathogenic variant was low (29.8%). Significantly more patients in the intervention group compared with the control group had knowledge regarding the probability of a BRCA1 and/or BRCA2 pathogenic variant (35.8% vs 24.4%; P <.006). In multivariable logistic regression, the intervention arm remained significantly associated with knowledge regarding the probability of having a BRCA1 and/or BRCA2 pathogenic variant (odds ratio, 1.79; 95% confidence interval, 1.18‐2.70).ConclusionsThe results of the current study suggest that although knowledge concerning the probability of having a BRCA1 and/or BRCA2 pathogenic variant remains low in this patient population, the interactive decision tool improved rates compared with a static Web site. As interest in genetic testing continues to rise, so will the need to integrate tools into the treatment decision process to improve informed decision making.
Comparing outcomes of concurrent chemotherapy regimens in patients 65 years old or older with locally advanced oropharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Amini Arya , Eguchi Megan , Jones Bernard L. , Stokes William A. , Gupta Abhinav , McDermott Jessica D. , Massarelli Erminia , Bradley Cathy J. , Karam Sana D. 
Published: October 2018

BackgroundThe comparative efficacy of cisplatin (CDDP), carboplatin, and cetuximab (CTX) delivered concurrently with radiation for locally advanced oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma continues to be evaluated.MethodsThe linked Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results–Medicare database was used to identify and compare patient and disease profiles, mortality, toxicity, and overall cost for patients with oropharynx cancer undergoing definitive concurrent chemoradiation with CDDP, carboplatin, or CTX between 2006 and 2011. The human papillomavirus status was unknown. The primary outcome was 2‐year overall survival (OS).ResultsFour hundred nine patients receiving concurrent CDDP (n = 167), carboplatin (n = 69), or CTX (n = 173) were included. Those who were older, those who were nonwhite, and those with a Charlson Comorbidity Index ≥ 2 were less likely to receive CDDP. Two‐year OS was inferior with CTX (hazard ratio [HR], 1.68; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.08‐2.60; P = .020) and no different with carboplatin (HR, 1.31; 95% CI, 0.73‐2.35; P = .362) in a Cox proportional hazards model (reference CDDP). There was no statistically significant difference between carboplatin and CTX (HR, 1.28; 95% CI, 0.77‐2.14; P = .891). Rates of antiemetic use and hospital visits for nausea/emesis/diarrhea or dehydration were statistically higher with CDDP. Pneumonia rates were higher with carboplatin. In the multivariate model, the corrected mean per‐patient spending was significantly higher for CTX and carboplatin than CDDP ($61,133 and $65,721 vs $48,709).ConclusionsPatients who received CDDP had improved OS. CDDP was also associated with slightly lower overall costs and higher antiemetic usage and hospital visit rates, although a strong selection bias was observed because those receiving CTX and carboplatin were older and had higher comorbidity scores.
Sex‐biased hippocampal pathology in the 5XFAD mouse model of Alzheimer's disease: A multi‐omic analysis
Authors: Bundy Joseph L. , Vied Cynthia , Badger Crystal , Nowakowski Richard S. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractAlzheimer's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder and the most common form of dementia. Like many neurological disorders, Alzheimer's disease has a sex‐biased epidemiological profile, affecting approximately twice as many women as men. The cause of this sex difference has yet to be elucidated. To identify molecular correlates of this sex bias, we investigated molecular pathology in females and males using the 5XFamilial Alzheimer's disease mutations (5XFAD) genetic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. We profiled the transcriptome and proteome of the mouse hippocampus during early stages of disease development (1, 2, and 4 months of age). Our analysis reveals 42 genes that are differentially expressed between disease and wild‐type animals at 2 months of age, prior to observable plaque deposition. In 4‐month‐old animals, we detect 1,316 differentially expressed transcripts between transgenic and control 5XFAD mice, many of which are associated with immune function. Additionally, we find that some of these transcriptional perturbations are correlated with altered protein levels in 4‐month‐old transgenic animals. Importantly, our data indicate that female 5XFAD mouse exhibit more profound pathology than their male counterparts as measured by differences in gene expression. We also find that the 5XFAD transgenes are more highly expressed in female 5XFAD mice than their male counterparts, which could partially account for the sex‐biased molecular pathology observed in this dataset.
Seasonal changes in neuronal turnover in a forebrain nucleus in adult songbirds
Authors: Larson Tracy A. , Thatra Nivretta M. , Hou Darren , Hu Rachael A. , Brenowitz Eliot A. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractNeuronal death and replacement, or neuronal turnover, in the adult brain are one of many fundamental processes of neural plasticity. The adult avian song control circuit provides an excellent model for exploring mature neuronal death and replacement by new neurons. In the song control nucleus, HVC of adult male Gambel's white‐crowned sparrows (Zonotrichia leucophrys gambelli) nearly 68,000 neurons are added each breeding season and die during the subsequent nonbreeding season. To accommodate large seasonal differences in HVC neuron number, the balance between neuronal addition and death in HVC must differ between seasons. To determine whether maintenance of new HVC neurons changes within and between breeding and nonbreeding conditions, we pulse‐labeled two different cohorts of new HVC neurons under both conditions and quantified their maintenance. We show that the maintenance of new HVC neurons, as well as new nonneuronal cells, was higher at the onset of breeding conditions than at the onset of nonbreeding conditions. Once a steady‐state HVC volume and neuronal number were attained in either breeding or nonbreeding conditions, neuronal and nonneuronal maintenance were similarly low. We found that new neuronal number correlated with a new nonneuronal number within each cohort of new neurons. Together, these data suggest that sex steroids promote the survival of an initial population of new neurons and nonneuronal cells entering HVC. However, once HVC is fully grown or regressed, neuronal and nonneuronal cell turnover is regulated by a common mechanism likely independent of direct sex steroid signaling.
Endotoxin‐Free Preparation of Graphene Oxide and Graphene‐Based Materials for Biological Applications
Authors: Parviz Dorsa , Strano Michael 
Published: October 2018

AbstractDue to their two‐dimensional structure and unique properties, graphene and its derivatives have been extensively studied for their potential applications in various fields ranging from electronics to composites. Particularly, their high surface area, electrical conductivity, mechanical strength, dispersability in aqueous phase, and possibility of surface modification make them promising candidates for biomedical applications including biosensing, drug delivery, tissue engineering, cell imaging, and therapeutics. The functioning of graphene nanosheets in these applications is dependent on their structure and properties, which are mainly determined by their preparation and processing methods. Exfoliation techniques are the most common methods for preparation of graphene nanosheets for biomedical applications due to their high yield and scalability. Further modification of these methods is necessary to produce biocompatible and toxin‐free graphene that can be safely incorporated into biological media. Here, we describe protocols for chemical and mechanical exfoliation of graphite to produce endotoxin‐free and highly stable graphene oxide and graphene dispersions. Additional protocols are provided for proper pre‐ and post‐processing of nanosheets and endotoxin measurement techniques. © 2018 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
A Sensitive High‐Throughput Screening Method for Identifying Small Molecule Stimulators of the Core Particle of the Proteasome
Authors: Coleman Rachel A. , Trader Darci J. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractFluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) technology is a useful tool to monitor protein interactions as well as protease activity. We have recently reported a biochemical assay utilizing a FRET reporter peptide to monitor the activity of the 20S catalytic particle (20S CP) of the proteasome. This assay is designed specifically to have increased sensitivity to identify stimulators of the 20S CP, which may hold therapeutic potential to treat protein‐accumulation diseases. The protocol described here details the necessary steps in synthesizing the FRET reporter peptide and performing the FRET assay with the 20S CP. © 2018 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Long short‐term memory networks for CSI300 volatility prediction with Baidu search volume
Authors: Zhou Yu‐Long , Han Ren‐Jie , Xu Qian , Jiang Qi‐Jie , Zhang Wei‐Ke 
Published: October 2018

SummaryIntense volatility in financial markets affects humans worldwide. Therefore, relatively accurate prediction of volatility is critical. We suggest that massive data sources resulting from human interaction with the Internet may offer a new perspective on the behavior of market participants in periods of large market movements. First, we select 28 key words, which are related to finance as indicators of the public mood and macroeconomic factors. Then, those 28 words of the daily search volume based on Baidu index are collected manually, from June 1, 2006 to October 29, 2017. We apply a Long Short‐Term Memory neural network to forecast CSI300 volatility using those search volume data. Compared to the benchmark GARCH model, our forecast is more accurate, which demonstrates the effectiveness of the LSTM neural network in volatility forecasting.
Accurate measurement of structural vibration based on digital image processing technology
Authors: Xu Feihong 
Published: October 2018

SummaryWith the development of modern highway construction, the bridge project presents a trend of over sizing, softening of the structure, and the stability of the high and steep slopes of the highway, which seriously threatens traffic safety and passenger. The economic benefits of transportation come into play. It is accurate measurement of structural vibration based on digital image processing technology of road engineering structures. The machine vision‐based dynamic displacement monitoring technology has gained rapid development in recent years due to its advantages such as non‐contact, real‐time, long‐distance, and portability. This paper proposes a multi‐target displacement monitoring method based on machine vision technology. The template‐matching algorithm and multi‐objective displacement calculation method based on digital image processing technology have described in detail. Using industrial digital cameras and high‐power zoom lenses, a single‐point multi‐objective displacement monitoring system has developed by matlab. The results show that the single‐point and multi‐target displacement monitoring method based on machine vision technology is practical and feasible, and it is suitable for synchronous multi‐point vibration or rotational displacement monitoring of large‐scale structures.
Informatization design of raw material purchase and payment for feed processing enterprises under ERP system environment
Authors: Huang Yan , Huang Yadong 
Published: October 2018

SummaryERP is one of the important means of modern enterprise management. Its basic idea is to regard the business process as the supply and demand chain based on the enterprise value chain and to divide the enterprise interior into several subsystems of cooperative operation. Feed enterprises are faced with the situation of fierce competition, rising raw materials, weak management, and low profit. Therefore, it is urgent to improve the management competitiveness and management efficiency. The ERP system, which integrates purchasing, sales, finance, and other business management, has become the best tool for the management of feed enterprises. This paper studies the status of purchasing management system in modern ERP system and the mode of information exchange in the system. The purchasing process and the purchasing cycle of the order production enterprises are discussed in details. The design scheme, architecture, and function model of the sales management system under the ERP environment are studied with a development example. In the application example, this paper gives the concrete solution of implementing the sales management system under the ERP environment and some details of its implementation. The system has better information interactivity and expansibility. Finally, experiments verify the effectiveness of the ERP system designed in this paper.
A general‐purpose distributed computing Java middleware
Authors: Almeida André Luís Barroso , Cimino Leonardo de Souza , de Resende José Estevão Eugênio , Silva Lucas Henrique Moreira , Rocha Samuel Queiroz Souza , Gregorio Guilherme Aparecido , Paiva Gustavo Silva , Delabrida Saul , Santos Haroldo Gambini , de Carvalho Marco Antonio Moreira , Aquino Andre Luiz Lins , Lima Joubert de Castro 
Published: October 2018

SummaryThe middleware solutions for General‐Purpose Distributed Computing (GPDC) have distinct requirements, such as task scheduling, processing/storage fault tolerance, code portability for parallel or distributed environments, simple deployment (including over grid or multi‐cluster environments), collaborative development, low code refactoring, native support for distributed data structures, asynchronous task execution, and support for distributed global variables. These solutions do not integrate these requirements into a single deployment with a unique API exposing most of these requirements to users. The consequence is the utilization of several solutions with their particularities, thus requiring different user skills. Besides that, the users have to solve the integration and all heterogeneity issues. To reduce this integration gap, in this paper, we present Java Cá&Lá (JCL), a distributed‐shared‐memory and task‐oriented lightweight middleware for the Java community that separates business logic from distribution issues during the development process and incorporates several requirements that were presented separately in the GPDC middleware literature over the last few decades. JCL allows building distributed or parallel applications with only a few portable API calls, thus reducing the integration problems. Finally, it also runs on different platforms, including small single‐board computers. This work compares and contrasts JCL with other Java middleware systems and reports experimental evaluations of JCL applications in several distinct scenarios.
Cost‐effective deadline‐aware stochastic scheduling strategy for workflow applications on virtual machines in cloud computing
Authors: Haidri R.A. , Katti C.P. , Saxena P.C. 
Published: October 2018

SummaryThis paper addresses the problems in scheduling the workflow tasks on cloud computing systems such as minimizing the total price for execution (TPE) and total execution time (TET) of the workflow while meeting the deadline constraints in a stochastic environment. Scheduling such precedence‐constrained stochastic tasks on the cloud with virtual machines of different computing capabilities is a difficult problem. However, instead of TPE and TET, the virtual machine's acquisition delay is one of the primary cloud's characteristics. The current paper first formulates the problem as a stochastic scheduling model on cloud. Then, a stochastic cost‐effective deadline‐aware (S‐CEDA) resource scheduler is developed. S‐CEDA incorporates the expected value and variance of the task's processing time and inter‐task communication time into the workflow scheduling. The experimental results show that S‐CEDA outperforms the existing state‐of‐the‐art algorithms such as stochastic heterogeneous earliest finish time (SHEFT) and cost‐effective deadline‐aware (CEDA) scheduling algorithms in terms of the TPE and TET of the workflow.
Reconstructing 3D virtual environments within a collaborative e‐infrastructure
Authors: Coro Gianpaolo , Palma Marco , Ellenbroek Anton , Panichi Giancarlo , Nair Thiviya , Pagano Pasquale 
Published: October 2018

SummarySets of two‐dimensional images are insufficient to capture the development in time and space of three‐dimensional structures. The 2D “flattening” of photographs results in a significant loss of features especially if the photos were taken by one person. Automatically collecting and aligning photos in order to render 3D structures from 2D images without specialised equipment is currently a complex process that requires specialist knowledge with often limited results. In this paper, an Open Science oriented workflow is proposed where an on‐line file system is used to share photos of an object or an environment and to produce a virtual reality scene as a navigable 3D reconstruction that can be shared with other people. Our workflow is based on a distributed e‐Infrastructure and overcomes common limitations of other approaches by having all the used technology integrated on the same platform and by not requiring specialist knowledge. A performance evaluation of the 3D reconstruction process embedded in the workflow is reported against a commercial software and an open‐source software in terms of computational efficiency and reconstruction accuracy, and three marine science use cases are reported to show potential applications of the workflow.
CdSe/CdS Dot‐in‐Rods Nanocrystals Fast Blinking Dynamics.
Authors: Manceau M. , Vezzoli S. , Glorieux Q. , Giacobino E. , Carbone L. , De Vittorio M. , Hermier J.‐P. , Bramati A. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractAnalyzing the autocorrelation function of the fluorescence intensity, we demonstrate that these nanoemitters are characterized by a short value of the mean duration of bright periods (ten to a few hundreds of microseconds). The comparison of the results obtained for samples with different geometries shows that not only the shell thickness is crucial but also the shape of the dot‐in‐rods. Increasing the shell aspect ratio results in shorter bright periods suggesting that surface traps impact the stability of the fluorescence intensity.
Intersession improvement and outcome in psychotherapy
Authors: Koffmann Andrew 
Published: October 2018

AbstractObjectivePsychotherapy patients who experience large, stable symptomatic improvement between sessions are more likely than those without such sudden gains to benefit from treatment. However, there is limited empirical basis for the definition of sudden gains, and it is unclear how they may affect symptomatic change at other points in treatment.MethodIn a psychotherapy training clinic, 149 adults completed a distress measure at each session. For each criterion in the definition of sudden gains, we evaluated the prediction of outcome, possible moderating variables, local score instability, and multisession change before and after score shifts.ResultsLarge intersession improvement did not lead to increased rate of change later in treatment, but it did predict outcome, regardless of whether nearby session scores were stable. Early improvement during the first five treatment sessions was an independent predictor of outcome. Large intersession improvement generally occurred in the context of local score instability.ConclusionSudden gains appear to predict outcome because of improvement inherent in the gains themselves. Early overall improvement predicts outcome almost as effectively as do sudden gains. There may be advantages to redefining sudden gains as large intersession improvement, regardless of local score stability.