bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Real estate advertising campaigns in the context of natural hazards
Authors: Yin Long , Wang Lin , Huang Lifang , Wang Jinxiu , Xu Hui , Deng Milan 
Published: November 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine how advertising is used by real estate companies as an instrument for managing the adverse effects of a catastrophe.

Design/methodology/approach
Through a theoretical analysis, types of post-disaster advertising messages were identified. On the basis of the likely variations in post-disaster advertising, a content analysis was conducted of a sample of 4,150 property print advertisements to identify advertising messages related to the earthquake. Finally, the message changes in these earthquake-related advertisements were evaluated and compared with the dimension of time to explore the development of advertising strategies.

Findings
The authors found that 12 types of advertising messages were used by developers in response to the Wenchuan earthquake. The initial advertising strategy was mainly to manage public relations, then the strategy was to reduce or compensate for the increased earthquake risk perceptions of buyers.

Practical implications
The findings provide valuable references for helping enterprises adopt effective advertising messages and strategies to reduce the negative effects of disasters.

Originality/value
There are only a few studies on advertising campaigns, especially in the real estate industry, that have been conducted in the wake of catastrophes. This study sought to expand upon the scarce findings in this particular field.
Does the composition of government expenditure matter for Eastern Caribbean economies’ long-run sectoral output growth?
Authors: Scott-Joseph Ankie , Turner Treshauna Felecia 
Published: November 2018

PurposeThis study takes a disaggregated approach to investigate the impacts of long-run GDP on changes in total government expenditure in the Eastern Caribbean Currency Union (ECCU) economies. An understanding of the relationship between changes in total government expenditure and GDP (by sector categories) is expected to provide a working tool to understand the growth debt nexus of Caribbean countries. The purpose of the paper is to use an auto regressive distributed lag (ARDL) and error correction model (ECM) to examine and analyse short- and long-run dynamics of disaggregated approach to both output and government expenditure in a dynamic model to identify the growth in the Eastern Caribbean Countries.Design/methodology/approachIn an attempt to examine the long-run dynamics, data for the period 1970-2015 were used in an ARDL and ECM framework. The authors examine the long-run GDP impacts of changes in total government expenditure and in the shares of different spending categories for the ECCU countries to establish and analyse short and long-run dynamics.FindingsThe results suggest that total fiscal expenditure and disaggregated expenditure including debt services have both positively and negatively contributed to economic growth in the agriculture, manufacturing and mining sectors. Among others, the study found that high national debt in the region resulted primarily from increases in government expenses and diminishing income sources.Originality/valueThis paper is the first to take a disaggregated approach to investigate the relationship between economic growth and government expenditure in the Eastern Caribbean States. The authors’ empirical results suggest that debt servicing reduces economic growth both in the short and long run. The greatest impact being felt in the mining and manufacturing sectors, namely, 1 per cent increase in debt service will bring about 7.90 and 1.67 per cent decrease in economic growth. These results offer fairly strong support to the view that expenditure share variables can weaken sectoral growth, and hence force the overall growth to decline.
NGOs management: a roadmap to effective practices
Authors: Aboramadan Mohammed 
Published: November 2018

Purpose
From one year to another, more researchers join in the ever-growing field of interest of non-governmental organizations (NGOs). Nevertheless, the literature on NGOs management is not as rich as what has been developed for private companies and bodies in the business world. The purpose of this paper is to propose a framework for managing NGOs effectively.

Design/methodology/approach
Reviewing the literature on NGOs management from different areas, the paper proposes a conceptual framework.

Findings
The paper provides a conceptual framework on how different management functions are involved in a mutual framework for managing NGOs.

Research limitations/implications
The author needs to empirically test the suggested framework using qualitative and qualitative techniques.

Originality/value
The author’s perspective on NGOs management is a subject of great interest for different NGOs stakeholders including: donors, communities, volunteers, managers and policy-makers.
Modelling the strengthening factors for competitive position of apparel retailing in India
Authors: Singh Abhishek Kumar , Samuel Cherian 
Published: November 2018

PurposeThe aim of this paper is, first, the desire to present the issue of retail sector competitiveness with the simultaneous determination of factors having an impact on competitiveness and their development. The main aim is to identify the factors and relationships among those factors to strengthen the competitive positioning of apparel retail stores.Design/methodology/approachThe literature review and experts’ opinion helped to identify the key factors. The relationships among the factors were obtained by using interpretive structural modelling (ISM). Experts’ opinions were collected again for the fuzzy direct relationship matrix. Factors were further classified by driver and dependence power using the fuzzy matrix of cross-impact multiplications applied to classification (FMICMAC) analysis.FindingsTotal nine strengthening factors (SFs) identified here, and developed an integrated model using ISM and classified it into four clusters with the help of driver and dependence power. The model hierarchy shows the interrelationships among these SFs. The retail environment, Information and Communication Technology, technology adoption and human resource management were found to be the most significant factors needing some spotlight by the top-level authority.Research limitations/implicationsThe study will help managers to understand the variables and their relationships and to select the right factors to achieve a potential competitive position. Relationships among the factors were obtained through the opinions of experts and academicians. Expert opinion is a subjective judgement, and biasing in judgement might affect the result.Originality/valueThe research presents the first kind of an integrated model using ISM and FMICMAC to identify nine factors and classify them by their driving and dependence power. The developed model helps in the identification, classification and selection of factors as per requirement. This study will assist managers to understand the variables and their relationships and to select right factors to achieve a potential competitive position.
Expression of T‐cell immunoglobulin and immunoreceptor tyrosine‐based inhibitory motif domain on CD4+ T cells in patients with atopic dermatitis
Authors: Kurita Miki , Yoshihara Yuki , Ishiuji Yozo , Chihara Mami , Ishiji Takaoki , Asahina Akihiko , Yanaba Koichi 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe T‐cell immunoglobulin and immunoreceptor tyrosine‐based inhibitory motif domain (TIGIT) is a co‐inhibitory receptor mainly expressed on T cells. Although TIGIT plays an important role in various autoimmune diseases, its role in atopic dermatitis (AD) remains unclear. In this study, we examined the expression levels of TIGIT and their association with clinical features in patients with AD. TIGIT expression on CD4+ T cells, central memory T cells, effector memory T cells and regulatory T cells was determined by flow cytometry. CD4+ T cells exhibited enhanced TIGIT expression in patients with AD compared with healthy individuals. In particular, effector memory T cells and regulatory T cells, but not central memory T cells, exhibited higher TIGIT expression in patients with AD than in healthy individuals. The frequency of TIGIT+ cells among CD4+ T cells was significantly increased in patients with mild AD compared with healthy individuals, while decreased in patients with severe AD. Consistently, the frequency of TIGIT+ cells among CD4+ T cells was negatively correlated with both serum thymus and activation‐regulated chemokine levels and immunoglobulin E levels in patients with AD. Furthermore, TIGIT expression on CD4+ T cells inhibited cell proliferation in patients with AD. These results suggest that TIGIT expression on CD4+ T cells in patients with AD may be increased to suppress chronic cutaneous inflammation. Moreover, TIGIT expression may be impaired in a subset of patients with AD, leading to a deterioration of skin inflammation. Our study may provide new insight into a TIGIT pathway‐based therapeutic approach for AD.
Association of dietary inflammatory index with metabolic profile in metabolically healthy and unhealthy obese people
Authors: Abdurahman Ahmed A. , Azadbakhat Leila , Rasouli Mahkameh , Chamari Maryam , Qorbani Mostafa , Dorosty Ahmed R. 
Published: November 2018

AimObesity is an emerging public health problem, with its incidence on the rise. An abnormal metabolic profile is a risk factor for developing obesity. Dietary factors play a central role in the regulation of inflammation and obesity. The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of metabolically healthy obese and metabolically unhealthy obese (MUO) phenotypes, and their association with dietary inflammatory index (DII) among obese Iranian people.MethodsA cross‐sectional study was conducted from July to October 2017 among 300 obese participants in southern Tehran. DII scores were computed based on the overall inflammatory properties of 32 dietary components using dietary intake assessed by food frequency questionnaire. MUO phenotype was defined as having three or more of these metabolic abnormalities: high blood glucose, high triglycerides, low high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, elevated blood pressure or abdominal obesity. The association was determined using logistic regression analysis.ResultsThe MUO phenotype (n = 176) was found in 63.5% of obese participants. Compared with participants in the first quartile, those in the fourth quartile of DII score (more pro‐inflammatory diet) had higher odds of MUO phenotype (odds ratio, OR: 2.58 (95% CI: 1.19–5.59), P = 0.04), and there was a significant association between the continuous form of DII score and the odds of MUO phenotype (OR: 1.18 (95% CI: 1.01–1.37)) after adjusting for potential confounders.ConclusionsHigher DII scores were positively associated with the MUO phenotype. A more pro‐inflammatory diet is a potential risk factor for MUO phenotype.
Affective Battlefields: Royal Gender Hybridity and the Cultural Afterlife of Friedrich II
Authors: Maurer Kathrin 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThis article engages with a case of royal ‘gender trouble’, namely, the representation of Friedrich II in a popular history book: Franz Kugler and Adolph Menzel's History of Frederick the Great (1842). The article offers a brief overview of the political instrumentalisation of Friedrich II's body, and then engages with the representation of ‘affective battlefields.’ The analysis shows how these ‘affective battlefields’ become a stage on which writers and artists could display Friedrich's hybrid gendering. This hybridisation is finally discussed with reference to the book's political agenda, and, more broadly, representations of war, kings and power during the long eighteenth century.
Fc‐gamma receptor expression profile in a North‐Indian cohort of pediatric‐onset systemic lupus erythematosus: An observational study
Authors: Williams Vijai , Rawat Amit , Vignesh Pandiarajan , Shandilya Jitendra Kumar , Gupta Anju , Singh Surjit 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBackgroundPolymorphisms in the Fcγ‐receptor (FcγR) have been associated with increased susceptibility to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). There is a paucity of data on FcγR expression pattern in pediatric subjects with SLE. The aim of the study was to assess the expression of various FcγRs by flow cytometry in children with pediatric‐onset SLE (pSLE).MethodsThirty‐one children aged 0‐15 years fulfilling 2012 Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics Classification Criteria for SLE were enrolled. Disease‐active (n = 14) and the inactive group were delineated using the SLE Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI). Thirteen age‐ and sex‐matched controls were also enrolled. Blood samples of cases and controls were assessed for CD64, CD32B and CD16 expression on B lymphocytes, neutrophils and monocytes by flow cytometry using standard techniques. Median fluorescence intensity (MFI) and percentage expression were calculated using the FACS DIVA software and Kaluza software.ResultsMedian fluorescence intensity and percentage expression of CD64 on monocytes (MFI: 1.71 vs 1.51, P = 0.86) and neutrophils (MFI: 0.42 vs 0.64, P = 0.3) were comparable between patients and controls. MFIs of CD16 expression on neutrophils (3.47 vs 11.4, P = 0.05) and monocytes (1.28 vs 3.45, P = 0.07) were lower in patients compared to controls. CD32B expression on lymphocytes (MFI: 0.56 vs 1.37; % expression:18.3% vs 12.32%) was also comparable between cases and controls. Expression of CD64, CD16, and CD32B were also comparable between patients with active and inactive disease.ConclusionNo significant differences were observed in FcγR expression between patients and controls. However, the overall trends of FcγR expression and decreased CD16 on monocytes and neutrophils are in consonance with data from larger cohorts of adult SLE patients.
Vectorcardiogram in athletes: The Sun Valley Ski Study
Authors: Thomas Jason A. , A. Perez‐Alday Erick , Junell Allison , Newton Kelley , Hamilton Christopher , Li‐Pershing Yin , German David , Bender Aron , Tereshchenko Larisa G. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBackgroundGlobal electrical heterogeneity (GEH) is associated with sudden cardiac death (SCD) in adults of 45 years and above. However, GEH has not been previously measured in young athletes. The goal of this study was to establish a reference for vectorcardiograpic (VCG) metrics in male and female athletes.MethodsSkiers (n = 140; mean age 19.2 ± 3.5 years; 66% male, 94% white; 53% professional athletes) were enrolled in a prospective cohort. Resting 12‐lead ECGs were interpreted per the International ECG criteria. Associations of age, sex, and athletic performance with GEH were studied.ResultsIn age and training level‐adjusted analyses, male sex was associated with a larger T vector [T peak magnitude +186 (95% CI 106–266) µV] and a wider spatial QRS‐T angle [+28.2 (17.3–39.2)°] as compared to women. Spatial QRS‐T angle in the ECG left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) voltage group (n = 21; 15%) and normal ECG group did not differ (67.7 ± 25.0 vs. 66.8 ± 28.2; p = 0.914), suggesting that ECG LVH voltage in athletes reflects physiological remodeling. In contrast, skiers with right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH) voltage (n = 26, 18.6%) had wider QRS‐T angle (92.7 ± 29.6 vs. 66.8 ± 28.2°; p = 0.001), larger SAI QRST (194.9 ± 30.2 vs. 157.8 ± 42.6 mV × ms; p < 0.0001), but similar peak SVG vector magnitude (1976 ± 548 vs. 1939 ± 395 µV; p = 0.775) as compared to the normal ECG group. Better athletic performance was associated with the narrower QRS‐T angle. Each 10% worsening in an athlete's Federation Internationale de’ Ski downhill ranking percentile was associated with an increase in spatial QRS‐T angle by 2.1 (95% CI 0.3–3.9) degrees (p = 0.013).ConclusionVectorcardiograpic adds nuances to ECG phenomena in athletes.
Diurnal variation of frequency domain T‐wave alternans on 24‐hour ambulatory electrocardiogram in subjects without heart disease: Significant effect of autonomic nervous activity of the heart
Authors: Hashimoto Kenichi , Kasamaki Yuji , Soma Masayoshi , Takase Bonpei 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBackgroundT‐wave alternans (TWA) is a risk stratification predictor for sudden cardiac death. However, little is known about the diurnal variation of TWA. Whether TWA are affected by heart rate (HR) or cardiac autonomic nervous activity in the subjects without significant structural heart disease in daily life is not fully understood. Thus, this study was aimed to clarify these issues.MethodsFrequency domain (FD)‐TWA analysis was conducted in 47 subjects without significant structural heart disease using 24‐hr ambulatory electrocardiogram (AECG). Measurement of heart rate variability (HRV) was performed in order to evaluate the autonomic activity of the heart. The maximum FD‐TWA value in each period was measured four times per day (A, 00:00–6:00 hr; B, 06:00–12:00 hr; C, 12:00–18:00 hr; D, 18:00–24:00 hr). Correlations between FD‐TWA and either HR or HRV parameters (LF/HF, LFnu, HFnu, SDNN, CVNN, pNN50) were analyzed in each period (A‐D).ResultsThere was diurnal variation of FD‐TWA (median, inter‐quartile range [IQR]: A, 8.2 [6.5, 10.6] μV; B, 10.1 [8.4, 15.0] μV; C, 17.6 [12.3, 25.0] μV: D, 11.9 [9.1, 19.9] μV; p < 0.0001). Maximum FD‐TWA had positive correlations with HR and LF/HF (HR, r = 0.496, p < 0.0001; LF/HF, r = 0.414, p = 0.004), while FD‐TWA had a negative correlation with HFnu (r = −0.291, p = 0.048). On multiple linear regression analysis, HR had an independent effect on log FD‐TWA amplitude (β = 0.461, p = 0.001).ConclusionsFD‐TWA has marked diurnal variation in the daily life of the subjects without significant structural heart disease. This variation could be more strongly affected by HR than the HRV indices.
Fragmented Forests, Fractured Lives: Ethno‐territorial Struggles and Development in the Pacific Lowlands of Colombia
Authors: Asher Kiran 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe culturally and ecologically diverse Pacific lowlands of Colombia are both the locus and product of key political economic and cultural political conjunctures. Twenty‐five years after they emerged in their current form, Afro‐Colombian ethnic and territorial struggles have become important icons of resistance to development and struggles for social change. But in Colombia as in other parts of the world, the rapid and violent expansion of capitalist accumulation and state power have had devastating consequences for the region's forests and communities—literally and epistemically fragmenting both. Based on long‐term fieldwork, this paper examines the ongoing and contentious co‐production of the Colombian Pacific region amidst the increasingly violent forces of neoliberal governmentality in the 21st century. It shows that the Pacific lowlands are an example of “political forests” in the sense that they are a contested site and product of Afro‐Colombian cultural politics and state territorialisation.
Mcdonald’s versus NLRB: The End of Franchising, or an Overdue Restoration of Countervailing Power?
Authors: Adams Ronald J. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractFollowing a series of national protests in support of an increase in the federal minimum wage, many fast food workers faced retaliation by their employers when they returned to work; schedules were changed, wages and hours were reduced, and some employees were terminated. These retaliatory actions resulted in a number of complaints being filed with the National Labor Relations Board alleging violations of the National Labor Relations Act. Several of the complaints were found to have merit and, additionally, in several instances both the immediate employer, the franchisee, and the corporate organization of which it was a part, the franchisor, were named as co‐defendants. This ruling—that franchisors like McDonald’s USA—could be held jointly responsible for the labor violations of independent franchisees reversed a long‐standing precedent, whereby franchisees were regarded as independent contractors solely responsible for day‐to‐day labor practices, including compliance with federal and state labor statutes. Critics of the ruling argue that it will open the door to unionization and may well spell the end of the service‐sponsor franchising format. Supporters of the NLRB argue that the ruling is just and reflects new “industrial realities” in retail labor markets. Further, a case can be made that the NLRB’s position represents a step in the direction of the restoration of more equitable balance of power between labor and management.
Obesity in America: A Market Failure?
Authors: Hemphill Thomas A. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractSince the late 1980s, obesity in America has been a looming public health concern. Recently, medical researchers found that, for the 2011‐12 period, 35.3 percent of U.S. adults (aged 20 or older), 20.5 percent of teenagers (ages 12‐19), 17.7 percent of children (ages 6‐11), and 8.4 percent of young children (ages 2‐5) have obesity, and 6.3 percent of U.S. adults having severe obesity. In a recent working paper by Karnani, McFerran, and Mukhopadhyay (2015), these management scholars argue that obesity represents a market failure. In their study, Karnani et al. evaluate the effectiveness of corporate social responsibility, industry self‐regulation, social activism, and government regulation as to its effectiveness on consumer behavior and reducing obesity. Karnani et al. are advocates of “reasonable” government intervention, i.e., tax/subsidies, market regulation, and education, to address the public health issue of obesity. However, evidence shows that reasonable government intervention is also vulnerable to government failure and potential public health risk. Recommended is a mix of institutional activities found in corporate social responsibility, industry self‐regulation, social activism, and government intervention, all of which should provide the direction needed to continue this public health trend away from America’s epidemic levels of obesity.
Nitric oxide synthase enzymology in the 20 years after the Nobel Prize
Authors: Stuehr Dennis J , Haque Mohammad Mahfuzul 
Published: November 2018

This review briefly summarizes what was known about NOS enzymology at the time of the Nobel Prize award in 1998 and then discusses from the author's perspective some of the advances in NOS enzymology over the subsequent 20 years, focused on five aspects: the maturation process of NOS enzymes and its regulation; the mechanism of NO synthesis; the redox roles played by the 6R‐tetrahydrobiopterin cofactor; the role of protein conformational behaviour in enabling NOS electron transfer and its regulation by NOS structural elements and calmodulin, and the catalytic cycling pathways of NOS enzymes and their influence on NOS activity.Linked ArticlesThis article is part of a themed section on Nitric Oxide 20 Years from the 1998 Nobel Prize. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v176.2/issuetoc