bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Seeing through the eyes of the other
Authors: Sinclair Brian Robert 
Published: September 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore three diverse case studies in higher education that provide learners with innovative, disruptive and potent ways of seeing, thinking and acting. It considers pedagogical structure and phenomenological dimensions over an array of study abroad and immersive learning conditions. This paper illustrates rich and impactful ways that learning can unfold, including the unintended consequences of education that opens eyes, changes perspectives and builds empathy.

Methodology
This paper deploys a case study method whereby three unique programs for studio education are critically considered/analyzed. The research connects cases and delineates approaches in environmental design, whereby greater understanding and deeper knowledge can be attained.

Findings
This paper, through study of cases of immersive learning, reveals effective ways in which studio teaching can serve to heighten sensitivity, construct rich self/world views and render visible more profound knowledge. Such knowledge transcends disciplinary boundaries and professional borders – encompassing a fuller spectrum of awareness that includes the social, the cultural and the spiritual.

Research limitations/implications
This paper investigates studio-based graduate education in Environmental Design, with a particular focus on Architecture/Planning. As such, there are limitations to the applicability of discoveries and revelations. That said, the general model for teaching and learning may have value across disciplines well beyond those examined in the current research.

Practical implications
In an increasingly complex world, where cultures and values routinely collide, the research presents pedagogical approaches that promise to erode walls, dissolve barriers and counter fragmentation. The case studies illustrate effective ways to heighten learning beyond the ethos of traditional classes and conventional classrooms.

Originality/value
This paper proffers bold creative models for teaching that defy everyday strategies. It encourages moving students to places/spaces, both concrete and abstract, that challenge their assumptions, test their capabilities and permit exceptional personal/professional growth.
Greenfield investments or acquisitions? The influence of distance on emerging-market multinationals
Authors: Rienda Laura , Claver-Cortes Enrique , Quer Diego , Andreu Rosario 
Published: September 2018

PurposeIn recent years, emerging-market multinationals (EMMs) are receiving significant attention in the international business literature. They represent a challenge for the conventional wisdom, mainly derived from the behavior of developed-country multinationals (MNEs). The purpose of this paper is to analyze how different cross-national distances, namely cultural, administrative, geographic and economic, may affect establishment mode choice by Indian MNEs.Design/methodology/approachData are collected from 328 outward foreign direct investments carried out by Indian MNEs in 73 countries from 1991 to 2014. A binomial logistic regression analysis is used to test the hypotheses.FindingsThe results show that cultural and administrative distances negatively affect the choice of an acquisition. Moreover, firm size, acquisition experience, host country experience, industry, belonging to the G20 alliance and being a state-owned enterprise also influence establishment mode choice.Originality/valueThis is one of the first studies that investigate the relationship between distances and establishment mode choice by Indian MNEs. The findings suggest that they follow a different behavioral pattern among EMMs, since their internationalization decisions are closer to those of developed-country MNEs.
Do the S&P 500 index revisions affect corporate bonds and earnings performance?
Authors: Chan Keith , Zhao Ruoyun 
Published: September 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the information content in the Standard & Poor (S&P) 500 index revision and its impact on the corporate bonds and earnings of the firms whose stocks are added to or deleted from the index.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper uses panel regressions on a 13-year sample of the companies added and deleted from the S&P 500 index.

Findings
The regression results on the bond yields and earnings show that analysts and investors draw positive (negative) information from Index additions (deletions) and adjust their expectations of the firm performance as well as the required rates of return on corporate bonds after index revisions.

Research limitations/implications
The paper suggests that deletions from the Index have significantly negative impacts on corporate bonds and earnings performance of deleted firms while additions to the index do not have significant impacts on the bonds or realized earnings of added firms.

Originality/value
This paper uses corporate bonds and earnings to test competing hypotheses proposed to explain the excess stock returns of index revision, including information content hypothesis and liquidity hypothesis. The results are consistent with the information content hypothesis and do not support the liquidity hypothesis.
Organizational culture and sustainability in Brazilian electricity companies
Authors: Soares Darticléia Almeida Sampaio da Rocha , Oliva Eduardo Camargo , Kubo Edson Keyso de Miranda , Parente Virginia , Tanaka Karen Talita 
Published: September 2018

Purpose
This paper aims to assess the relationship between cultural profiles and the economic, environmental and social dimensions of electricity companies’ reporting based on the Global Reporting Initiative’s (GRI) sustainability framework.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors used the competing values framework, developed by Cameron and Quinn, as the theoretical starting point, with primary data collected through surveys that assessed organizational culture and with secondary data collected through the GRI indicators reported by the companies.

Findings
First, the framework shows whether a company’s organizational culture corresponds with one of the following options: clan, adhocracy, market or hierarchy. The results show that most of the companies’ organizational cultures were hierarchical, characterized by a greater need for stability and control and a formal work environment. Clans were the second most popular type of organizational culture, characterized as having greater internal flexibility, more informal environments and fewer hierarchical levels. Second, by combining the above results with the assessment of the GRI indicators in the companies’ sustainability reports, the study checked whether the companies had strong (balanced) or non-balanced cultures. The results show that there was a greater correlation between a strong (balanced) culture and the total value of the reported indicators, compared to a non-balanced culture.

Originality/value
The paper takes an innovative approach by correlating two different but well-recognized methodologies as a way to create a more holistic assessment that can help stakeholders to understand both the way these companies work and how this choice reflects the transparency of their reporting.
Avoiding corporate collapse
Authors: Whitfield Richard 
Published: September 2018

Purpose
This paper aims to review the latest management developments across the globe and pinpoint practical implications from cutting-edge research and case studies.

Design/methodology/approach
This briefing is prepared by an independent writer who adds their own impartial comments and places the articles in context.

Findings
Using financial and non-financial indicators in combination represents the most effective approach to identifying emerging problems within companies.

Originality/value
The briefing saves busy executives, strategists and researchers hours of reading time by selecting only the very best, most pertinent information and presenting it in a condensed and easy-to-digest format.
Responses of Different Cancer Cells to White Tea Aqueous Extract
Authors: Liu Liyue , Liu Bo , Li Jinzhou , Zhen Shengyang , Ye Zuyun , Cheng Meixia , Liu Wei 
Published: September 2018

AbstractWhite tea from the eastern Chinese province of Fujian is a unique tea variety. Although the health effects of various teas have been investigated in recent years, most studies focused exclusively on green tea varieties. In order to study effects exerted by white tea from eastern Fujian on the viability of cancer cells, we analyzed its main bioactive ingredients. We also evaluated the antioxidant activity of white tea aqueous extract (WTAE) and employed MTT assay to evaluate effects of WTAE on viabilities of Hela and BEL‐7402 cancer cell lines. Apoptosis rate detection was also applied to estimate efficacy of cellular apoptotic induction by WTAE in these two cells types. Results revealed that WTAE exhibited high antioxidant activity and inhibited effectively the proliferation of Hela and BEL‐7402 cells. The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of WTAE for Hela cells (0.05 mg/mL) was lower than that for BEL‐7402 cells (0.1 mg/mL). Although WTAE induced apoptosis in both cell lines, pro‐apoptotic effects were markedly more apparent in Hela cells. Our study demonstrated that WTAE inhibited proliferation of cancer cells via induction of apoptosis and that Hela cells were more sensitive to WTAE than BEL‐7402 cells.Practical ApplicationThe aim of this study is to provide a new approach toward cancer prevention by consuming white tea, the properties of which may also be helpful in formulating novel anticancer therapeutics.
Déjà Vu: The Effect of Executives and Directors with Prior Banking Crisis Experience on Bank Outcomes around the Global Financial Crisis
Authors: Ahmed Anwer S. , Christensen Brant E. , Olson Adam J. , Yust Christopher G. 
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACTWe investigate the effect of executives and directors with prior banking crisis experience on bank outcomes around the global financial crisis (GFC). Executives and directors with previous experience leading banks through a bank crisis may have been uniquely able to understand the risks, recognize the warnings signs early, and thus respond more effectively to the GFC. Controlling for other executive, director, and bank‐level characteristics, we examine whether bank performance, risk taking, and accounting quality in the period immediately before and during the GFC are affected by having executives or directors who previously served as bank executives or directors during the 1980s/1990s banking crisis (80s/90s crisis). Overall, we find that banks led by these crisis‐experienced executives and directors exhibit stronger performance, lower risk taking, and higher accounting quality in the period around the GFC. These effects are strongest among bank leaders for whom the 80s/90s crisis was most salient. Results are robust to propensity‐matched samples and other analyses performed to rule out alternative explanations. Our results suggest these individuals were able to learn from prior crisis experience.
Point‐of‐care viscoelastic assay devices (rotational thromboelastometry and thromboelastography): a primer for surgeons
Authors: Sharp Gary , Young Christopher J. 
Published: September 2018

BackgroundBleeding is a common occurrence in surgery. Point‐of‐care testing with viscoelastic (VE) assays such as thromboelastography (TEG) and rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM) has become more common place. TEG and ROTEM have the potential to guide management of coagulopathy. Many healthcare professionals still rely upon standard laboratory tests (SLTs) to manage a bleeding patient. It was our aim to investigate the literature surrounding management of the surgically bleeding patient via VE assays.MethodsLiterature review of Embase, MEDLINE, PubMed and the Cochrane Library using ‘TEG, ROTEM and surgery’ search terms was conducted.ResultsThrough the literature search and reference lists reviewed by both authors, a total of 62 articles have been evaluated, 35 of these have been included in this review.ConclusionVE assays are used most commonly during orthotopic liver transplantation, trauma, postpartum haemorrhage and cardiac surgery. Although the evidence is not overwhelming, we have identified recurrent themes where VE assays seem to be beneficial. VE assay use, especially when incorporated into an algorithm, appears to reduce blood product administration which in turn reduces cost and potential adverse events. They are quicker than SLTs and they can detect hyperfibrinolysis, the hallmark of coagulopathy, via in vivo clot analyses which SLTs are unable to do. Ultimately more randomized controlled trials are required.
A meta‐analysis of patients with treatment‐resistant macular oedema secondary to retinal vein occlusions following switching to aflibercept
Authors: Spooner Kimberly , Hong Thomas , Bahrami Bobak , Chang Andrew 
Published: September 2018

AbstractTo systematically review anatomical and functional outcomes of switching therapy from bevacizumab and/or ranibizumab to aflibercept in patients with persistent macular oedema secondary to retinal vein occlusions (RVO). A systematic search of aflibercept for the treatment of persistent macular oedema secondary to branch and central RVO was performed in EMBASE, PubMed and Cochrane databases prior to June 2017. The main outcome variables described were best‐corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central macular thickness (CMT). All results were analysed and pooled using random‐effects models with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Eight studies met the inclusion criteria with a total of 137 eyes, incorporating both branch and central RVO. Meta‐analysis demonstrated a nonsignificant change in BCVA at 6 and 12 months following switch to aflibercept (4.40 letters, 95% CI: −3.10 to 11.90, p = 0.25 and 3.10 letters, 95% CI: −1.74 to 7.94, p = 0.21, respectively). Significant improvement in mean CMT was observed after switch to aflibercept at 6 (−256.00 μm, 95% CI: −318.00 to −194.00, p < 0.001) but not 12 months (−118.00 μm, 95% CI: −261.00 to 25.00, p = 0.11). Switching from bevacizumab/ranibizumab to aflibercept may improve persistent macular oedema secondary to RVO. However, there may be a limitation in the potential of visual recovery.
Expression of clinically relevant drug‐metabolizing enzymes along the human intestine and their correlation to drug transporters and nuclear receptors: An intra‐subject analysis
Authors: Fritz Anja , Busch Diana , Lapczuk Joanna , Ostrowski Marek , Drozdzik Marek , Oswald Stefan 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe oral bioavailability of many drugs is highly influenced not only by hepatic but also by intestinal biotransformation. To estimate the impact of intestinal phase I and II metabolism on oral drug absorption, knowledge on the expression levels of the respective enzymes is an essential prerequisite. In addition, the potential interplay of metabolism and transport contributes to drug disposition. Both mechanisms may be subjected to coordinative regulation by nuclear receptors, leading to unwanted drug‐drug interactions due to induction of intestinal metabolism and transport. Thus, it was the aim of this study to comprehensively analyse the regional expression of clinically relevant phase I and II enzymes along the entire human intestine and to correlate these data to expression data of drug transporters and nuclear receptors of pharmacokinetic relevance. Gene expression of 11 drug‐metabolizing enzymes (CYP2B6, 2C8, 2C9, 2C19, 2D6, 3A4, 3A5, SULT1A, UGT1A, UGT2B7, UGT2B15) was studied in duodenum, jejunum, ileum and colon from six organ donors by real‐time RT‐PCR. Enzyme expression was correlated with expression data of the nuclear receptors PXR, CAR and FXR as well as drug transporters observed in the same cohort. Intestinal expression of all studied metabolizing enzymes was significantly higher in the small intestine compared to colonic tissue. CYP2B6, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2D6, CYP3A4/5, SULT1A, UGT1A and UGT2B7 expression increased from the duodenum to jejunum but was markedly lower in the ileum. In the small intestine, that is, the predominant site of drug absorption, the highest expression has been observed for CYP3A4, CYP2C9, SULT1A and UGT1A. In addition, significant correlations were found between several enzymes and PXR as well as ABC transporters in the small intestine. In conclusion, the observed substantial site‐dependent intestinal expression of several enzymes may explain regional differences in intestinal drug absorption. The detected correlations between intestinal enzymes, transporters and nuclear receptors provide indirect evidence for their coordinative expression, regulation and function in the human small intestine.
Recent developments in pleurodesis for malignant pleural disease
Authors: Guinde Julien , Georges Samer , Bourinet Valerian , Laroumagne Sophie , Dutau Herve , Astoul Philippe 
Published: September 2018

AbstractObjectiveMetastatic pleural effusion (MPE) is one of the most frequent causes of pleural effusion. The aims of the therapeutic management are palliation of symptoms and improvement in patient’s quality of life. The first step is a therapeutic thoracentesis. In case of a recurrent MPE, pleural maneuvers can be used to manage symptoms based on either ambulatory pleural drainage or pleurodesis to prevent fluid accumulation. The aim of this review is to describe recent advances, according to the best available evidence, in the field of pleurodesis for the management of MPE.Data source and study selectionThree different searches of the most clinically relevant articles and up‐to‐date results in the field of pleurodesis for the management of MPE were performed using PubMed. Different indexing terms and time restriction were chosen. From these PubMed searches, 322 articles were respectively found. After cross‐checking these three lists and the selection of articles published after January 2010 specially dedicated to the management of MPE by pleurodesis, the abstracts of 106 articles were extracted to feed the corpus of this review.Results and conclusionTreatment approaches of recurrent MPE should take into account multiple factors in particular patient’s life expectancy and preference. If talc is the best sclerosing agent alone or in combination with indwelling pleural catheter which is a promising strategy, the pathophysiology of MPE has to be revisited in order to propose a personalized management targeting intrapleural key molecules involved in the genesis of malignant process.
How does environmental regulation affect environmental performance? A case study of China's regional energy efficiency
Authors: Wu Jie , Yang Jiangjiang , Zhou Zhixiang 
Published: September 2018

AbstractEnvironmental regulation has been recognized as an important way to directly improve environmental performance or indirectly impact environmental performance through increasing environmental innovation. The present paper constructs an energy and carbon emission total factor productivity index using the Malmquist–Luenberger productivity index and data envelopment analysis. The proposed technique is used to measure the environmental performance of 30 Chinese provinces during the period 2010–2015. The energy and carbon emission total factor productivity measure is divided into a pure technical efficiency index and a technical progress index to provide detailed environmental performance information. Then an ordinary least squares model is adopted to analyse the impact of environmental regulation on environmental innovation operation and environmental performance by hypothesis testing. The empirical results show that environmental regulation and environmental innovation have positive direct effects on environmental performance and that market‐based environmental regulation has a positive indirect effect on environmental performance by increasing environmental innovation.
Novel method for improving fatigue behaviour of laminated glass
Authors: Vedrtnam Ajitanshu 
Published: September 2018

AbstractFatigue‐prone structures made of the laminated glass (LG) are yet not given the due consideration by the scientific community. In this work, a novel method that increases the fatigue life and improves the post breakage performance of the LG structure (by modifying the fracture pattern) is reported in the present work. The fatigue life of LG samples (having PVB interlayer of 0.76‐mm thickness) is evaluated using the standard method. Further, a theoretical explanation is presented for improved fatigue behaviour of LG. The effect of treatment of LG and cyclic bending fatigue load on cyclic fatigue strength is reported. The cyclic fatigue strength of LG increases 19.1% to 30.5% for treated LG samples when compared to untreated samples. The finite element model is developed (for treated and untreated LG) using the transient analysis in ANSYS 14.5 (Explicit Dynamics Module) to obtain the maximum deformation at failure load for the corresponding number of cycles. The strain‐life relations are established. The previously established fracture models and underdeveloped nanofracture mechanics concepts are used to explain the fracture patterns of the LG samples. Analysis of variance is conducted to ensure the validity of the experimental results.
A qualitative inquiry of old people's health literacy in situations of health uncertainty
Authors: Matas Hadas , Bronstein Jenny 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBackgroundThis paper examines the health literacy of seniors and the strategies they use to deal with health uncertainty in the context of changes in the health system in Israel that have created a need to examine health literacy in this sector of the population who use the health system the most. The oldest were born and grew up in an era when a physician's knowledge was unchallenged; now, they find it difficult to cope with the expectation of patients taking a role in decision making.MethodsIn‐depth interviews were carried out with 17 seniors between the ages of 70–87 that focused on their perception of their health and their health literacy. Data were analysed using thematic analysis.FindingsSeniors used different information sources when looking for medical information. Participants reported three coping mechanisms that help them deal with the uncertainty: disregarding the problem, relying on the physician and searching for information.ConclusionsThe study found different levels of health literacy among participants but, overall, participants who lead an active and optimistic lifestyle tend to take more responsibility for their health and have higher health information literacy.