bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Polypoid nodule scar after gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection: results from a multicenter study
Authors: Arantes Vitor , Uedo Noriya , Morita Yoshinori , Toyonaga Takashi , Nakano Yoshiko , Pedrosa Moises Salgado , Oda Ichiro , Saito Yutaka , Suzuki Haruhisa , Yamamoto Katsumi , Sato Yu , Draganov Peter V. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Background and study aims A post-endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) scar is expected to look homogeneous, however, some patients develop benign polypoid nodule scar (PNS). Incidence of PNS is unknown, yet these scars have direct clinical implications because they may render evaluation of post-ESD neoplastic recurrence difficult. Therefore, we reviewed the clinical experience of 5 ESD referral centers and evaluated their PNS incidence and clinical management.
Patients and methods This was a retrospective multicenter case series enrolling patients that underwent R0, curative gastric ESD from 2003 to 2015 in 5 academic centers. PNS was defined as ESD site nodularity with hyperplastic or regenerative tissue histology.
Results A total of 2275 patients underwent gastric ESD with endoscopy control and 28 patients (18 men/10 women) developed PNS for overall incidence of 1.2 %. Incidence of PNS ranged from 0.15 % to 11.4 % between centers. All patients that developed PNS had primary neoplastic lesions located in the distal stomach. Considering only lesions situated in the antrum (n = 912), incidence of PNS was 3.1 %. After mean follow-up of 43 months (range 6 – 192), no malignant recurrence in the PNS has been identified. In five patients (17.8 %) PNS disappeared after a mean of 18 months.
Conclusion PNS occurs exclusively after ESD in the distal stomach in approximately 3.1 % of patients. Although PNS appearance can be concerning, no malignant recurrence was observed after curative R0 resection. Therefore, PNS should be viewed as a benign alteration that does not require any type of intervention, other than endoscopic surveillance.
Wie wirkt sich die pauschale Beihilfe auf die Erstattung von Heilpraktikerleistungen aus?
Authors: Kämper Siegfried 
Published: October 2018

SummaryWenn Beamte in Hamburg eine pauschale Beihilfe anstelle einer individuellen Beihilfe beantragen, beeinflusst das die Erstattung der Heilpraktikerleistungen. Diese werden dann nur erstattet, wenn der Patient eine zusätzliche Versicherung abgeschlossen hat.
Morin Exerts Anti-Diabetic Effects in Human HepG2 Cells Via Down-Regulation of miR-29a
Authors: Razavi Toktam , Kouhsari Shideh Montasser , Abnous Khalil 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a complex metabolic disease around the world that is characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from impaired insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. MicroRNA-29a is an important regulator of insulin signaling and gluconeogenesis pathways through IRS2, PI3K and PEPCK expressions which up regulates in Diabetes. Morin is a substantial bioflavonoid which has insulin mimetic effect, and interacting with nucleic acids and proteins. In this study HepG2 cells, were exposed to high glucose to induce diabetic condition. We have determined whether high glucose stimulation might promotes miR-29a expression level in HepG2 cells and subsequently evaluated the Morin treatment effects on this state. In HepG2 cells, high glucose increases miR-29a expression level and decreases its target genes, IRS2 and PI3K expression, and increases associated downstream gene in gluconeogenic pathway, PEPCK. Morin treatment down regulates miR-29a expression level and improves insulin signaling and glucose metabolism. To confirm the inhibitory effects of Morin on miR-29a, we have transfected cells with mimic and inhibitor-miR-29a. This study for the first time identifies that Morin improves diabetic condition through down regulation of the miR-29a level, and suggest that this new inhibitor of miR-29a may be a useful biomedicine to treat diabetes.
Lösungen statt Leitlinien
Authors: Schmiedel Volker 
Published: October 2018

SummaryÜberernährung, Alkohol, Übergewicht und Medikamente zählen zu den wichtigsten Risikofaktoren einer Fettleber, die rund ein Drittel der Bevölkerung betrifft. Die medizinischen Leitlinien bieten kaum therapeutische Hilfen, viele valide Studien liefern jedoch erfolgversprechende Therapieoptionen. Naturheilkundliche Mittel wie Omega-3-Fettsäuren, Mariendistel und Bitterstoffe führen in Verbindung mit einer Lebensstiländerung nahezu immer zu einer Rückbildung der Fettleber.
Role of routine upper endoscopy before bariatric surgery in the Middle East population: a review of 1278 patients
Authors: Abou Hussein Bassem , Khammas Ali , Shokr Mariam , Majid Maiyasa , Sandal Mariam , Awadhi Sameer Al , Mazrouei Alya Al , Badri Faisal 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Introduction The routine use of preoperative endoscopy for patients undergoing bariatric surgery is controversial. Although many surgeons find it unnecessary, others still consider it a mandatory tool in preoperative assessment.
Patients and methods We reviewed the medical records of all patients who had undergone preoperative endoscopy before bariatric surgery in Rashid Hospital between January 2013 and June 2016. The patients were divided into three groups: Group 0 included patients with normal endoscopy; Group 1 included patients with abnormalities that did not affect the timing or type of procedure; Group 2 included patients with abnormalities that had a direct impact on the procedure.
Results The files of 1473 patients were reviewed. Endoscopy results were not present in 195 files, so those patients were excluded, and the remaining 1278 files were included. The mean age of patients was 41.3 ± 12.7 years, 61 % were female and 39 % were male. The mean body mass index (BMI) was 43.7 ± 8 kg/m2. Endoscopy was normal in 10.6 % of patients and abnormal in 89.4 %. The most common abnormalities were gastritis, positive Campylobacter-like organism test (CLO test), gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) with esophagitis and hiatal hernia. Group 0 included 10.6 % of patients (n = 135), Group 1 included 25.6 % of patients (n = 327), while Group 2 included 63.8 % of patients (n = 816).
Conclusion Routine endoscopy seems to play an important part in the preoperative preparation of patients planned for bariatric surgery in the Middle East population. Further studies or meta-analysis could help in building up clear solid evidence and guidelines that could be approved by international bariatric associations with regard to indications for preoperative upper endoscopy in bariatric patients.
„Ich habe Durchfall und keine Depression”
Authors: Pasch Anja 
Published: October 2018

SummaryPsychischer Stress wirkt sich direkt auf den Darm aus und kann neben anderen Entstehungsfaktoren wesentlich am Reizdarmsyndrom beteiligt sein. Unter subjektiv erlebtem sozialen Druck und fehlenden eigenen Grenzen können Symptome und der Gang zur Toilette zu Ersatzschutzräumen werden. Neu gefasste Glaubenssätze sowie Methoden der Selbststeuerung, Erdung und Imagination können - auch im Bauch - zur Entspannung führen.
Partnership with African Countries: European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) – Position Statement
Authors: Hassan Cesare , Aabakken Lars , Ebigbo Alanna , Karstensen John Gásdal , Guy Claire , Dinis-Ribeiro Mario , Le Moine Olivier , Vilmann Peter , Ponchon Thierry 
Published: October 2018

RecommendationsA new objective for the European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) is to develop long-term partnerships with African countries. For this, an International Affairs Working Group (IAWG) was formed.In conjunction with the World Endoscopy Organization (WEO), ESGE conducted a survey of gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy in Africa. Survey results showed that many African countries have few GI endoscopy centers with adequate resources. Barriers to the development of endoscopy services include a shortage of endoscopists who have undergone advanced endoscopy training, and a lack of equipment and basic infrastructure.Diseases related to infectious etiology are more prevalent than neoplastic diseases in Africa. Any development of endoscopy services needs to consider the local prevalence of diseases for which GI endoscopy is required, as well as the availability of resources. The IAWG will initiate a cascade approach to identify and adapt ESGE guidelines for local use. The guidelines will consider the level of resources available for each intervention, as well as cost, infrastructure, and training, and will be approved by consensus of local experts who are representative of different African areas. Suitable centers in African countries will be identified, and in future will be developed into WEO/ESGE training centers, to provide local training in both basic and advanced endoscopy according to the needs of the area.
Ideal Facial Relationships and Goals
Authors: Bueller Hope 
Published: October 2018

AbstractAnalysis of the face is an essential component of facial plastic surgery. In training, we are taught standards and ideals based on neoclassical models of beauty from Greek and Roman art and architecture. In practice, we encounter a wide range of variation in patient desires and perceptions of beauty. Our goals seem to be ever shifting, yet our education has provided us with a foundation from which to draw ideals of beauty. Plastic surgeons must synthesize classical ideas of beauty with patient desires, cultural nuances, and ethnic considerations all the while maintaining a natural appearance and result. This article gives an overview of classical models of facial proportions and relationships, while also discussing unique ethnic and cultural considerations which may influence the goal for the individual patient.
Crestal Bone Preservation with Platform Switching
Authors: Kumar Manjit , Chopra Megha , Singh Udey 
Published: October 2018

AbstractNew implant designs have appeared in the literature which claim that certain modifications may be helpful for maintaining crestal bone levels and consequently preserving normal soft tissue contours. Maintenance of soft tissue has been shown to depend on preservation of bone surrounding the implant. In order to achieve this goal, each step of the treatment must be managed carefully. This requires knowledge of pre-surgical treatment planning, site development, implant positioning, soft tissue management, provisionalization and prosthetic management.Placement of a smaller diameter abutment on a large diameter implant platform (platform switching) has been proposed as an effective way to control circumferential bone loss around dental implants. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the literature from an evidence based point of view regarding implant design modifications for preserving soft and hard tissue around implants.
Time Required by Dental Post Graduates and Graduates for Direct Patient Care in Peripheral Outreach Centre - A Comparative Work Sampling Analysis
Authors: Rathore Bhumika , Sadasivan Sireesha , Bhardwaj Vinay 
Published: October 2018

AbstractBackground: The inequity of oral health services persist due to inadequate dentist to patient ratio in the peripheral areas. The possibility of management of more number of patients lies within an efficient work force, in order to render oral health services in a well-organised manner. Objectives: The research was taken up with the primary objective of determining the most time efficient manpower in a peripheral dental unit. Secondary objective was to determine the time spent in each treatment procedure in proportion to total time involved in direct patient care. Third objective, was to recommend an appropriate range of sample for further similar studies using observatory methodology in peripheral centres. Methodology: Work measurement was done for the postgraduate and the undergraduate students for the treatments performed by them in the unit. Participatory observations were made on randomly selected days, and timings were recorded using standardised stop watch. Descriptive analysis was performed for the data obtained using Statistical Package for Social Science (IBM Corp. Released 2010. IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 19.0. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp.). Results: Mean timing was found to be highest for all treatment procedures amongst graduates when compared to the postgraduates and maximum proportion of time was spent for extractions amongst all the treatments performed. Conclusion: Availability of speciality services will help the hospitals render more proficient services to the rural masses.
Clinical Evaluation of the Efficacy of Bioresorbable Membrane (Polyglactin 910) in the Treatment of Millers’ Class II Gingival Recession
Authors: Sharma Manik , Wangoo Anuj , Gulati Manmeet , Slathia Bhawna , Kotwal Bhanu , Kotwal Vineet 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Objective: The aim of the study was to determine the clinical outcome when polyglactin 910 membrane was used to treat 30 patients with isolated buccal millers class II gingival recessions. Materials and Method: Thirty subjects were selected with a chief complaint of hypersensitivity or denuded roots; all were willing to participate in the clinical study. Inclusion criteria were the presence of 4 mm or more of buccal millers class II gingival recession, a lack of contraindications for periodontal surgery. Results: The mean reduction in clinical recession from baseline to 6 months postoperatively was 2.47 ± 0.86 mm, i.e, 54%, which was statistically significant. There was a definite reduction in Pocket Depth, from a mean at baseline of 1.53 ± 0.63mm to a mean of 1.07 ± 0.26mm at 6 months. Conclusion: The use of GTR is a suitable alternative to the use of patient's own palatal masticatory mucosa. Polyglactin 910 as a GTR resorbable membrane gives the clinician another tool that provides acceptable root coverage.
“Catch It Right”-A Case Report on Occlusal Splint
Authors: Makkar Monika , Pathania Poonam , Sharma Swati 
Published: October 2018

AbstractTMDs have a multifactorial etiology varying from bruxism, psychological illness and traumatic injuries from mastication, extreme mouth opening, or faulty dental restorations. The present case study highlights the importance of right diagnosis of the patients problem as this forms the foundation to formulate a comprehensive treatment plan which further ensures the right solution to the stated patient problem along with long term maintenance of healthy stomatognathic system. An hard occlusal splint has been indirectly fabricated on the semiadjustable articulator. Occlusal splint used in treatment of TMDs is designed to provide even and balanced Occlusal contacts without forcefully altering the mandibular rest position or permanently altering the dentition. One case of fabrication of mandibular occlusal splint and its therapeutic role is discussed in this case report. The splint successfully relieved the patient TMD signs and symptoms, when used over four months.
Correction of the Crooked Nose
Authors: Newberry C. , Mobley Steven 
Published: October 2018

AbstractSuccessful management of the crooked nose can be a formidable task and requires a systematic approach that begins with an understanding of the patients' aesthetic desires, expectations, and functional symptoms. Dividing the nose into thirds and organizing a plan to correct each region individually can simplify the preoperative planning. There are two broad philosophical strategies of surgical management: engineering (reconstructive) and artistic (camouflaging). While the camouflaging technique is helpful for minor asymmetries, protrusions, and depressions, the engineering approach is best for more extreme corrections. The surgeon must be skilled in both approaches as either one or a combination of the two may yield the best results. Once corrected, postoperative care is essential to obtain optimal outcomes.
Association of Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio and Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio with the Risk of Thromboembolism and Mortality in Patients with Cancer
Authors: Grilz Ella , Posch Florian , Königsbrügge Oliver , Schwarzinger Ilse , Lang Irene , Marosi Christine , Pabinger Ingrid , Ay Cihan 
Published: October 2018

AbstractPatients with cancer are at risk of developing venous and arterial thromboembolism (VTE and ATE). Elevated platelet-to-lymphocyte (PLR) and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratios (NLR) have been suggested as potential biomarkers for cancer-associated chronic inflammation, VTE and mortality. We investigated the association between PLR and NLR with VTE, ATE and mortality in patients with cancer. Within a prospective cohort study, we followed-up patients with newly diagnosed or progressing cancer for objectively confirmed, symptomatic VTE, ATE and death. Fine and Gray competing-risk regression was used to model the risk of VTE and ATE. Overall survival was analysed with Kaplan–Meier estimators. From 2003 to 2013, 1,469 patients with solid cancer (median age: 61 years; 47.3% female) were recruited and followed for 2 years. Overall, 128 (8.7%) patients developed VTE, 41 (2.8%) ATE and 643 (43.8%) patients died. The sub-distribution hazard ratios (SHRs) for VTE per doubling of PLR and NLR were 1.0 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.8–1.3, p = 0.899) and 1.2 (1.0–1.4, p = 0.059), respectively. For ATE, the SHR per doubling of PLR and NLR were 1.0 (0.7–1.5, p = 0.940) and 1.2 (0.9–1.6, p = 0.191), respectively. A higher PLR (hazard ratio [HR] per doubling = 1.5, 1.4–1.7, p < 0.001) and a higher NLR (HR per doubling = 1.5, 1.4–1.7, p < 0.001) were associated with an increased risk of mortality after adjusting for age, sex and cancer stage. There was no statistically significant association between NLR and VTE occurrence in patients with cancer. Neither PLR nor NLR were associated with the risk of ATE. Both elevated PLR and NLR were independently associated with a twofold increased risk of mortality.
Humans incorporate attention-dependent uncertainty into perceptual decisions and confidence
Authors: Denison Rachel N. , Adler William T. , Carrasco Marisa , Ma Wei Ji 
Published: October 2018

Significance
We must routinely make decisions based on uncertain sensory information. Sometimes that uncertainty is related to our own cognitive state, such as when we are not paying attention. Do our decisions about what we perceive take into account our attentional state? Or are we blind to such internal sources of uncertainty, leading to poor decisions and overconfidence? We found that human observers take attention-dependent uncertainty into account when categorizing visual stimuli and reporting their confidence in a task in which uncertainty is relevant for performance. Moreover, they do so in an approximately Bayesian fashion. Human perceptual decision-making can therefore, at least in some cases, adjust in a statistically appropriate way to external and internal sources of uncertainty.
Cryo-ET reveals the macromolecular reorganization of
S. pombe
mitotic chromosomes in vivo
Authors: Cai Shujun , Chen Chen , Tan Zhi Yang , Huang Yinyi , Shi Jian , Gan Lu 
Published: October 2018

Significance
It has long been known that chromosomes, which contain life’s genetic instructions, condense into discrete bodies when cells divide. Chromosome condensation is thought to shut down gene expression and is misregulated in many diseases. The molecular details of this process are unknown because the fundamental subunits of chromosomes, called nucleosomes, are too small and fragile to be seen by conventional microscopy. We used state-of-the-art 3D cryo-electron tomography to reveal how chromosomes condense within intact cells. We found evidence that condensation is uneven, resulting in porous chromosomes that allow cells to express a limited set of genes. Furthermore, our work and those of others suggest that chromatin dynamics at the molecular scale are an underappreciated component of chromosome function.
Neural reactivation in parietal cortex enhances memory for episodically linked information
Authors: Jonker Tanya R. , Dimsdale-Zucker Halle , Ritchey Maureen , Clarke Alex , Ranganath Charan 
Published: October 2018

Significance
Recalling information is useful for more than just accessing memories; it is also a powerful way to enhance long-term memory. Using brain imaging, we discovered that, when trying to remember, people reactivate the specific information they are searching for, along with other information from the same event. The results demonstrate that memories of the past are organized in terms of integrated events and the act of recalling even a small part of an event engages brain networks that have powerful effects on the ability to retain information from the entire event.
Empirical evidence of mental health risks posed by climate change
Authors: Obradovich Nick , Migliorini Robyn , Paulus Martin P. , Rahwan Iyad 
Published: October 2018

Significance
Wellbeing falters without sound mental health. Scholars have recently indicated that the impacts of climate change are likely to undermine mental health through a variety of direct and indirect mechanisms. Using daily meteorological data coupled with information from nearly 2 million randomly sampled US residents across a decade of data collection, we find that experience with hotter temperatures and added precipitation each worsen mental health, that multiyear warming associates with an increased prevalence of mental health issues, and that exposure to tropical cyclones, likely to increase in frequency and intensity in the future, is linked to worsened mental health. These results provide added large-scale evidence to the growing literature linking climate change and mental health.
MRI-based assessment of function and dysfunction in myelinated axons
Authors: Spees William M. , Lin Tsen-Hsuan , Sun Peng , Song Chunyu , George Ajit , Gary Sam E. , Yang Hsin-Chieh , Song Sheng-Kwei 
Published: October 2018

Significance
Blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) fMRI has proven to be extremely powerful for studying brain function, but is essentially limited to applications in gray matter. This work investigates the underlying mechanisms responsible for MRI-based signal changes in myelinated axonal fibers of perfused bullfrog sciatic nerves. Simultaneous in-magnet recording of compound action potentials (CAPs) and MRI data acquisition reveal that the diffusion fMRI response is linearly proportional to the number of electrical impulses. Increased restricted diffusion fraction (from diffusion basis spectrum imaging) could be related to submyelinic vacuole formation observed by electron microscopy of perfused nerves fixed resting or undergoing stimulation. Microstructural changes and osmotically driven redistribution of tissue water play a crucial role in the observed diffusion fMRI response in myelinated fibers.
Differential regulation of PD-L1 expression by immune and tumor cells in NSCLC and the response to treatment with atezolizumab (anti–PD-L1)
Authors: Kowanetz Marcin , Zou Wei , Gettinger Scott N. , Koeppen Hartmut , Kockx Mark , Schmid Peter , Kadel Edward E. , Wistuba Ignacio , Chaft Jamie , Rizvi Naiyer A. , Spigel David R. , Spira Alexander , Hirsch Fred R. , Cohen Victor , Smith Dustin , Boyd Zach , Miley Natasha , Flynn Susan , Leveque Vincent , Shames David S. , Ballinger Marcus , Mocci Simonetta , Shankar Geetha , Funke Roel , Hampton Garret , Sandler Alan , Amler Lukas , Mellman Ira , Chen Daniel S. , Hegde Priti S. 
Published: October 2018

SignificanceProgrammed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression on tumor cells and tumor-infiltrating immune cells is regulated by distinct mechanisms and has nonredundant roles in regulating anticancer immunity, and PD-L1 on both cell types is important for predicting best response to atezolizumab in non-small cell lung cancer.