bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Albuminuria, Reduced Kidney Function, and the Risk of ST‐ and non–ST‐segment–elevation myocardial infarction
Authors: de Chickera Sonali N. , Bota Sarah E. , Kuwornu John Paul , Wijeysundera Harindra C. , Molnar Amber O. , Lam Ngan N. , Silver Samuel A. , Clark Edward G. , Sood Manish M. 
Published: October 2018

Background

Chronic kidney disease is a recognized independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease, but whether the risks of ST‐segment–elevation myocardial infarction (
STEMI
) and non–ST‐segment–elevation myocardial infarction (
NSTEMI
) differ in the chronic kidney disease population is unknown.

Methods and Results

Using administrative data from Ontario, Canada, we examined patients ≥66 years of age with an outpatient estimated glomerular filtration rate (
eGFR
) and albuminuria measure for incident myocardial infarction from 2002 to 2015. Adjusted Fine and Gray subdistribution hazard models accounting for the competing risk of death were used. In 248 438 patients with 1.2 million person‐years of follow‐up,
STEMI
,
NSTEMI
, and death occurred in 1436 (0.58%), 4431 (1.78%), and 30 015 (12.08%) patients, respectively. The highest level of albumin‐to‐creatinine ratio (>30 mg/mmol) was associated with a 2‐fold higher adjusted risk of both
STEMI
and
NSTEMI
among patients with
eGFR
≥60 mL/(min·1.73 m
2
) compared to albumin‐to‐creatinine ratio <3 mg/mmol. The lowest level of
eGFR
(<30 mL/[min·1.73 m
2
]) was not associated with higher
STEMI
risk but with a 4‐fold higher risk of
NSTEMI
compared to those with
eGFR
≥60 mL/(min·1.73 m
2
). The lowest
eGFR
(<30 mL/[min·1.73 m
2
]) and highest albumin‐to‐creatinine ratio (>30 mg/mmol) were associated with a greater than 4‐fold higher risk of both
STEMI
and
NSTEMI
(subdistribution hazard models [95% confidence interval] 4.53 [3.30‐6.21] and 4.42 [3.67‐5.32], respectively) compared to albumin‐to‐creatinine ratio <3 mg/mmol and
eGFR
≥60 mL/(min·1.73 m
2
).

Conclusions

Elevations in albuminuria are associated with a higher risk of both
NSTEMI
and
STEMI
, regardless of kidney function, whereas reduced kidney function alone is associated with a higher
NSTEMI
risk.
Jasmonic acid modulates Meloidogyne incognita – tomato plant interactions
Authors: Seiml-Buchinger Victoria V. , Zinovieva Svetlana V. , Udalova Zhanna V. , Matveeva Elizaveta M. 
Published: October 2018

Summary
Molecular aspects of the responses of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plants to invasion by Meloidogyne incognita, as well as the nematode reproduction capacity, were investigated and the role of jasmonic acid (JA) in these interactions was evaluated. Real-time quantitative PCR analysis showed that resistant and susceptible plants had similar levels of Mi1.2, PR1 and PR6 gene expression in stress-free conditions. During nematode invasion resistant plants showed up-regulation of Mi1.2, PR1 and PR6 genes and no reproduction of M. incognita. By contrast, susceptible plants showed no response in gene expression and the nematode had a high level of reproduction. Treatment of tomato plants with JA modulated Mi1.2 and PR6 gene expression that was accompanied by a suppression of the M. incognita reproduction on the roots of JA-treated susceptible plants.
Worker Voice in America: Is There a Gap between What Workers Expect and What They Experience?
Authors: Kochan Thomas A. , Yang Duanyi , Kimball William T. , Kelly Erin L. 
Published: October 2018

This article is the fifth in a series to celebrate the 70th anniversary of the ILR Review. The series features articles that analyze the state of research and future directions for important themes this journal has featured over many years of publication. The decline in unionization experienced in the United States over the past 40 years raises a question of fundamental importance to workers, society, and the field of industrial relations: Have workers lost interest in having a voice at work, or is there a gap between workers’ expectations for a voice and what they actually experience? And if a “voice gap” exists, what options are available to workers to close that gap? The authors draw on a nationally representative survey of workers that both updates previous surveys conducted in 1977 and 1995 and goes beyond the scope of these previous efforts to consider a wider array of workplace issues and voice options. Results indicate that workers believe they should have a voice on a broad set of workplace issues, but substantial gaps exist between their expected and their actual level of voice at work. Nearly 50% of non-union workers say they would vote for a union, compared to approximately one-third in the two prior national surveys, which points to continued interest in unions as a voice mechanism. Additionally, the authors find significant variation in the rates of use of different voice options and workers’ satisfaction with those options. The results suggest that a sizable voice gap exists in American workplaces today, but at the same time, no one voice option fits all workers or all issues.
Stigma associated with mental illness among Asian men in Vancouver, Canada
Authors: Livingston James , Patel Nimesh , Bryson Stephanie , Hoong Peter , Lal Rodrick , Morrow Marina , Guruge Sepali 
Published: October 2018

Background: Due to racism, xenophobic nationalism, acculturation pressures and patriarchal social relations, Asian men in Western societies may be particularly susceptible to negative experiences and beliefs regarding mental illness and treatment services. Aims: We examine factors associated with stigma toward mental illness among Asian men in Canada. Methods: Between 2013 and 2017, 428 self-identified Asian men living in proximity to Vancouver, Canada, were recruited and completed self-administered questionnaires assessing social stigma and self-stigma. The degree to which these variables were associated with the men’s sociodemographic characteristics was analyzed. Results: Multivariable regression revealed that social stigma was significantly predicted by age, immigration, employment status and experience with mental illness. Together, these variables accounted for 12.36% of variance in social stigma. Interaction terms were added to the regression models to examine whether the effects of immigration on social stigma varied by age and experience with mental illness, but none of the interaction terms were statistically significant. Among the 94 Asian men identified as living with mental illness, self-stigma was predicted by age, immigration and employment status, which together accounted for 14.97% of variance in self-stigma. Conclusion: These results offer new knowledge about the factors predicting stigma toward mental illness among Asian men in Western societies.
Serum levels of IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10 are indicators of prognosis in pancreatic cancer
Authors: Feng Lanyun , Qi Qi , Wang Peng , Chen Hao , Chen Zhen , Meng Zhiqiang , Liu Luming 
Published: October 2018

Objective Early detection and prognosis prediction are critical to improve patient survival in pancreatic cancer. This study aimed to investigate whether interleukins could serve as indicators of prognosis in pancreatic cancer. Methods Sixty-eight patients with pancreatic cancer were enrolled in the study during the period between 2012 and 2014. The serum levels of a broad spectrum of interleukins in these patients were determined, including IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-13, IL-15, and IL-23. Results IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10 showed significant positive correlations with each other. Moreover, high levels of serum IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10 were independently strongly associated with poor survival of patients with pancreatic cancer. Conclusions Our results suggest that serum levels of IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10 could be useful markers for prediction of prognosis in patients with pancreatic cancer.
Risk factors for nicotine dependence in Chinese patients with lung cancer
Authors: Gu Fen , He Yayi , Mao Yanjun , Lu Shiwen , Zhao Chao , Li Xuefei , Zhou Caicun , Hirsch Fred R 
Published: October 2018

Objective Smoking is a poor prognostic factor for lung cancer. Nicotine dependence remains the major cause of failure of smoking cessation. We investigated the risk factors for nicotine dependence in patients with lung cancer. Methods Eligible patients were identified from November 2014 to February 2015. Age, marital status, educational level, annual household income, occupation, histology of lung cancer, tumor stage, smoking status, neuron-specific enolase (NSE) level, drive gene mutations, sleep quality, and patient personality were assessed. Physical nicotine dependence was assessed by the Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND). Results In total, 202 smokers were included in this study. Univariate analysis showed that marital status and pain were significantly correlated with nicotine dependence. Pearson’s correlation analysis showed that age at the initiation of smoking, attempts to quit, NSE level, and sleep quality were significantly correlated with FTND scores. Conclusions Pain, more attempts to quit, and poorer sleep quality were significantly associated with nicotine dependence. These risk factors could help to prevent smoking in Chinese patients with lung cancer.
Brain Lesions as a Predictor of Therapeutic Outcomes of Hand Function in Infants With Unilateral Cerebral Palsy
Authors: Chamudot Rena , Parush Shula , Rigbi Amihai , Gross-Tsur Varda 
Published: October 2018

Aim: The present study aimed to investigate whether the response variability of infants to modified constraint-induced movement therapy and bimanual therapy are associated with different types of brain lesions. Method: Infants with unilateral cerebral palsy (N = 22) ages 8-15 months (mean = 10.95, standard deviation = 2.15 months) were grouped according to having either a periventricular brain lesion or a middle cerebral artery infarct lesion. Improvement in hand function was analyzed based on the mini–Assistive Hand Assessment results. Results: Infants with periventricular brain lesion displayed greater positive response to upper limb treatment compared to those with middle cerebral artery infarct ( P = .02). A significant difference in improvement according to type of treatment was found in the middle cerebral artery infarct group but not in the periventricular brain lesion. Conclusion: The present study showed an association between the type of brain lesion and the efficacy of upper limb treatment in infants. Infants with periventricular brain lesions displayed greater positive responses than those with middle cerebral artery infarct.
Prevalence of Osteochondral Lesions in Rotational Type Ankle Fractures With Syndesmotic Injury
Authors: Lambers Kaj T. A. , Saarig Aimane , Turner Hayley , Stufkens Sjoerd A. S. , Doornberg Job N. , Kerkhoffs Gino M. M. J. , Jaarsma Ruurd 
Published: October 2018

Background: The aim of this study was to report the incidence of associated osteochondral lesions (OCLs) on postop CTs, which may benefit from arthroscopic treatment, in patients with rotational type ankle fractures with syndesmotic injury. The diagnosis and treatment of associated OCLs may be an additional benefit of the use of arthroscopy in the management of rotational type ankle fractures with syndesmotic injury. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed data of a prospective cohort study of patients who underwent open reduction and surgical fixation of an ankle fracture with syndesmotic injury. These patients underwent routine bilateral postoperative CT assessment. Two independent observers classified ankle fractures according to Weber and OCLs according to the classification system by Berndt and Harty. Fifty-nine patients were included. There were 19 (32%) Weber B type ankle fractures and 39 (66%) Weber C type fractures. One patient (2%) had fixation for a medial malleolus fracture and syndesmotic rupture without fibula fracture. Results: Talar OCLs were present in 8 patients (14%). In one patient, 2 OCLs were found, which resulted in a total of 9 lesions. Two lesions were found on the medial side, both anterior. The other 7 were located laterally, of which 1 was anterior, 3 central, and 3 posterior on the talus. According to the Berndt and Harty classification, 1 was classified as stage I, 4 as stage III, and 4 as stage IV. Conclusion: The prevalence of OCLs in ankle fractures with syndesmotic instability was 14%. We believe that lesions were arthroscopically accessible in 6 patients (10%). Moreover, most lesions were located on the lateral dome, and thus also potentially approachable through an anterolateral arthrotomy during open reduction and internal fixation. The majority of OCLs found in this series were Berndt and Harty type III or IV, and so likely would preferably have been addressed during the index procedure. Level of Evidence: Level III, diagnostic cohort study.
Survey to Assess Knowledge and Reported Practices Regarding Blood Transfusion Among Cancer Physicians in Uganda
Authors: Ddungu Henry , Krantz Elizabeth M. , Phipps Warren , Naluzze Sandra , Orem Jackson , Kiwanuka Noah , Wald Anna , Kajja Isaac 
Published: October 2018

Purpose Optimal decision making regarding blood transfusion for patients with cancer requires appropriate knowledge of transfusion medicine among physicians. We assessed blood transfusion knowledge, attitudes, and reported practices among physicians working at Uganda Cancer Institute (UCI). Materials and Methods A cross-sectional self-administered survey of UCI physicians on their knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding blood transfusion was conducted from June to September 2014. In consultation with transfusion medicine experts, 30 questions were developed, including 10 questions for each of the following three domains: knowledge, attitudes, and practices. For the knowledge domain, we created a knowledge score equal to the number of questions correctly answered out of 10. Results Of 31 physicians approached, 90% participated. The mean knowledge score was 5.3 (median, 5.5), and 32% correctly answered at least seven of 10 questions. Almost all (96%) understood the importance of proper patient identification before transfusion and indicated identification error as the most common cause of fatal transfusion reactions. More than 60% of physicians acknowledged they lacked knowledge and needed training in transfusion medicine. Most physicians reported sometimes changing their mind about whether to provide a patient with a transfusion on the basis of opinion of colleagues and sometimes administering unnecessary transfusions because of influence from others. Conclusion Although UCI physicians have some basic knowledge in transfusion, most reported gaps in their knowledge, and all expressed a need for additional education in the basics of blood transfusion. Transfusion training and evidence-based guidelines are needed to reduce inappropriate transfusions and improve patient care. Greater understanding of peer influence in transfusion decision making is required.
The engineering of the giant dragonflies of the Permian: revised body mass, power, air supply, thermoregulation and the role of air density
Authors: Cannell Alan E. R. 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT
An engineering examination of allometric and analogical data on the flight of giant Permian insects (Protodonata, Meganeura or griffinflies) indicates that previous estimates of the body mass of these insects are too low and that the largest of these insects (wingspan of 70 cm or more) would have had a mass of 100–150 g, several times greater than previously thought. Here, the power needed to generate lift and fly at the speeds typical of modern large dragonflies is examined together with the metabolic rate and subsequent heat generated by the thoracic muscles. This evaluation agrees with previous work suggesting that the larger specimens would rapidly overheat in the high ambient temperatures assumed in the Permian. Various extant mechanisms of thermoregulation are modelled and quantified, including behaviour, radiation and the constraints on convective respiration and evaporation imposed by air flow through spiracles. However, the effects of these on cooling an overheated insect are found to be limited. Instead, an examination of the heat budget in the flight medium indicates that, at about 1.6 bar (160 kPa), thermoregulation supply enters into equilibrium and, even at high ambient temperatures, overheating can be avoided and enough oxygen sourced. This approach indicates how fossil biology can be used to examine past atmospheres.
The effect of different types of honey on healing infected wounds
Authors: Eroglu Oguz , Deniz Turgut , Kisa Ucler , Comu Faruk Metin , Kaygusuz Sedat , Kocak Orhan Murat 
Published: October 2018

Objective: To investigate the effects of treatments of ‘mad honey’, blossom honey and nitrofurazone on infected wound healing. Method: Male albino Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: ‘mad honey’ (MH), blossom honey (BH), nitrofurazone (N) and control (C). All rats were anaesthetised intraperitoneally. A circular skin incision was made to the back regions. Grafts containing slime-producing Staphylococcus epidermidis were placed on the incision area and then sutured to the skin. Infection in the wound area was confirmed after 48 hours. Wounds were dressed twice daily with the various treatment materials. Rats were randomly euthanised on days 7 or 14, and tissue samples taken. Tissue samples were assessed for hydroxyproline (HP), tensile strength (TS) and macroscopic measurement (area and intensity). Results: HP levels were higher in the treatment groups (MH, BH, N) at days 7 and 14 compared with the control group. ‘Group x day’ interaction was found in the HP levels (p=0.015). Increases in HP levels in the MH and N groups between days 7 and 14 were significantly higher than those in the other groups (p<0.05). Intensity was significantly lower in the control group and significantly higher in group MH compared with the other groups. Significant ‘group x day’ interaction was observed in intensity (p=0.006). TS was significantly lower on day 7 than on day 14 (p=0.022). No marked difference was observed between the groups, nor any ‘group x day’ interaction, in terms of TS. Conclusion: Honey administration successfully healed infected wounds. However, there was no significant difference between the effect of MH and that of N in terms of wound healing.
Serum lipids and brain-derived neurotrophic factor in a cross-section of male students with symptoms of depression at a university in Iran: an observational study
Authors: Tavakoli Ramin , Yaghooti Hamid , Daghagheleh Robab , Yousofi Rohollah , Rahimifar Parisa 
Published: October 2018

Abstract

Background
Depression is a neuroprogressive disorder that is characterized by neurotransmitter derangement and decreased neurogenesis and neurotrophic factors including brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF).

Objectives
To determine the lipid profiles and BDNF levels in university students at an institution in Iran and association of these factors with Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) scores.

Methods
We conducted an observational study of a cross-section of male students at the Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences in Iran. For each of the 100 participants, a BDI score was obtained and serum levels of BDNF were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Levels of serum lipids, including cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL), were measured using a biochemical analyzer. Castelli’s risk index type I (CRI-I), Castelli’s risk index type II (CRI-II), CRI-I = TG/HDL-C and CRI-II = LDL-cholesterol/ HDL-cholesterol, and atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), AIP = log (triglycerides/HDL-cholesterol), were calculated.

Results
Based on BDI scores, lower levels of BDNF, triglycerides, cholesterol, and HDL, but higher levels of LDL were found in participants with higher BDI scores. CRI-I was also increased in participants with depression.

Conclusion
The levels of BDNF and lipid factors are associated with the severity of depression in Iranian male university students. Deranged levels of BDNF and lipids may predispose depressed students to cardiovascular diseases.
L’émancipation du zaǧal oriental de ses modèles andalous à l’ère mamelouke
Authors: Özkan Hakan 
Published: October 2018

Résumé
Le zaǧal oriental a été considéré comme le petit frère du zaǧal des grands maîtres andalous comme Ibn Quzmān, Mudġalīs et d’autres – du moins, c’est ce que nous pouvons déduire en lisant les premières poétiques de cette forme poétique qui ont été écrites sur la rive orientale de la Méditerranée. Safīyaddīn al-Ḥillī (677/1278–749/1348) qui a été le premier à rédiger une telle poétique fonde sa théorie sur les zaǧals modèles d’Andalousie. Dans sa poétique il catalogue et explique les lois et les règles morphologiques, lexicales et syntactiques selon lesquelles un zaǧǧāl aspirant devrait forger ses vers, tout en soulignant qu’Ibn Quzmān ne voulait défendre que l’utilisation excessive de l’iʿrāb (la flexion désinentielle). Dans une large mesure al-Ḥillī laisse de côté la réalité de la production des zaǧals par les poètes de Syrie, d’Irak et d’Égypte à ce moment-là. Par contre, une poétique postérieure comme le Dafʿ aš-šakk wa-l-mayn fī taḥrīr al-fannayn d’un certain Ǧamāladdīn al-Banawānī (m. 860/1456) ne mentionne de zaǧals andalous et ne tente pas d’en établir des règles. Notre présente contribution a pour but de démontrer d’une part que les poétiques sur le zaǧal se sont émancipées de leurs modèles andalous et les règles de composition que les auteurs tels qu’Ibn Quzmān, pour nommer le plus important, n’ont jamais formulées. D’autre part nous examinons les anthologies de zaǧal et des encyclopédies littéraires écrites en Orient pendant le 7e/13e siècle jusqu’au 9e/15e siècle pour mesurer l’importance des zaǧals andalous comparée à celle des zaǧals autochtones. Finalement nous avons identifié deux groupes distincts auxquels les zaǧǧālūn orientaux appartiennent et nous essaierons de mieux définir le lieu et la date où des zaǧǧālūn orientaux se sont manifestés pour la première fois.
Altarabische Dichtung über Dattelpalmen aus dem Kitāb al-Fuṣūṣ („Buch der Ringsteine“) des Ṣāʿid al-Baġdādī (ca. 335–417/945–1026)
Authors: Papoutsakis Nefeli 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
The present paper presents a hitherto unstudied collection of twenty-six early Arabic poems (sixth to eighth centuries) on date palms. The poems are preserved in the Kitāb al-Fuṣūṣ (“Book of Gemstones”) of Ṣāʿid al-Baġdādī (ca. 335–417/945–1026), an Iraqi philologist and littérateur who made a career as a court poet in Muslim Spain. Despite its importance as a crop, the date palm was a topic very rarely raised in Abbasid poetry. As this unique collection shows, however, poems praising the date palm were more common in earlier times. The poems examined here express the benefits of date palm farming by contrasting the supposed ease and safety of agriculturists to the difficulties and risks faced by camel breeders. The repeated comparison of palm trees with camels conveys the tension between the sedentary and the nomadic lifestyles, as they co-existed in pre-Islamic and early Islamic Arabia.