bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fast-track Radioiodine Ablation Therapy After Thyroidectomy Reduces Sick Leave in Patients With Differentiated Thyroid Cancer (FASTHYNA Trial)
Authors: Waissi Farahnaz , Kist Jakob W. , Lodewijk Lutske , de Wit Ardine G. , van der Hage Jos A. , van Dalen Thijs , de Keizer Bart , Valk Gerlof D. , Borel Rinkes Inne H. M. , Vriens Menno R. 
Published: December 2018

Background
Recombinant human thyroid stimulating hormone (RhTSH) aided radioiodine ablative therapy (RIT) is current-day practice in the treatment of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). It is often planned 4 to 6 weeks after surgery or sometimes even longer (standard protocol). The RhTSH-aided RIT, however, has the advantage that it can be planned shortly after thyroidectomy. The FASTHYNA trial was designed to test the hypothesis that RIT 1 week after thyroidectomy (fast-track protocol) results in a significant reduction of sick leave with lower societal costs and with a better quality of life (QOL) compared with the current standard treatment.

Methods
In a randomized, multicenter trial, we included patients with differentiated thyroid cancer, stage T1–3 N0–1 M0-x, who were treated with a total or completion thyroidectomy, with a paid job of at least 12 hours per week. The primary study end point was days of sick leave reported from time of surgery. Secondary end points were QOL and societal costs associated with absence from work.

Results
Twenty patients were eligible for inclusion between November 2013 and May 2016. Significant decreases in mean duration of sick leave in the fast-track group versus the standard care group (115 and 280 hours, respectively, P = 0.02) and in costs associated with productivity losses (€4070.77 vs €9202.90, P = 0.02) were found. There were no significant differences in QOL between both groups.

Conclusions
The trial showed a significant reduction in sick leave and in societal costs in the fast-track group without a deterioration of QOL. Therefore, fast-track ablation is desirable.
Trial Registration: Netherlands trial register: NTR 3933.
Evaluation of Vascular Parameters in Patients With Pulmonary Thromboembolic Disease Using Dual-energy Computed Tomography
Authors: Nallasamy Navi , Bullen Jennifer , Karim Wadih , Heresi Gustavo A. , Renapurkar Rahul D. 
Published: December 2018

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to evaluate patterns of vascular and lung parenchymal enhancement in patients with suspected chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) and in those with acute pulmonary embolism (PE) and compare those two groups.

Materials and Methods:
We retrospectively studied 186 thoracic DECT studies referred for evaluation of CTEPH or pulmonary hypertension. A total of 80 of these patients had a negative scan (control group), 13 had acute PE, and 53 had chronic thromboembolic disease (CTED)/CTEPH. Five different DECT-based parameters were evaluated that highlight patterns of vascular kinetics. Specifically, total DECT-based parenchymal attenuation in Hounsfield Unit (HU) (LungHU), percentage of perfused blood volume (PBV), peak enhancement of main pulmonary artery (PApeak in HU), maximum enhancement corresponding to 100 (PAmax), and the ratio of PApeak to LungHU were calculated.

Results:
Compared with patients with negative CT, patients with CTED/CTEPH tended to have lower LungHU (median: 27 vs. 38, P<0.001), lower PBV (median: 39 vs. 51, P=0.003), and higher PApeak/LungHU ratio (median: 17 vs. 13, P=0.003). Compared with patients with acute PE, patients with CTED/CTEPH tended to have lower LungHU (median: 27 vs. 39, P=0.006), lower PBV (median: 39 vs. 62, P=0.023), and higher PApeak/LungHU ratio (median: 17 vs. 11, P=0.023). No statistically significant differences were observed between patients with acute PE and those with negative CT.

Conclusions:
DECT-based vascular parameters offer the potential to differentiate patients with acute versus chronic PE. These various anatomic and functional vascular DECT-based parameters might be reflective of the state of the underlying vascular bed.
Errors in Interpretation of Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Thymic Lesions
Authors: Hammer Mark M. , Barile Maria , Bryson Wesley , Bhalla Sanjeev , Raptis Constantine A. 
Published: December 2018

Purpose:
The objectives of this study were to evaluate the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of thymic lesions and to review those features that may result in diagnostic uncertainty or error.

Materials and Methods:
This multicenter retrospective study included patients with pathologically proven thymic epithelial neoplasms (TEN) and thymic cysts who underwent preoperative MRI. Clinical reports were evaluated for the radiologist’s first-choice diagnosis, if not already known before the MRI. MR images were reviewed by thoracic radiologists to identify cystic components on T2-weighted imaging (T2WI) as well as the presence of enhancement on postcontrast series.

Results:
Through a search of electronic medical records of 3 tertiary academic medical centers, we identified 41 TEN and 13 cysts. Of 35 evaluable clinical reports, 9 (26%) gave an incorrect diagnosis. Of these, 5 cases were misdiagnosed related to contrast enhancement, and 3 cases of cysts were misdiagnosed because of lack of fluid signal on T2WI. Upon rereview of images, of the 41 TENs, 4 (10%) did not show qualitative enhancement on the first postcontrast phase (although all enhanced eventually), and 4 cysts (31%) did not show fluid signal on T2WI. In addition, 4 cases of cysts (31%) showed mural or septal enhancement.

Conclusions:
Although atypical or misleading imaging features are uncommon in TEN and thymic cysts, they do occur and may lead to diagnostic error. We suggest that lesions with a T2 signal less than simple fluid and without enhancement on postcontrast images undergo follow-up imaging to confirm a benign diagnosis.
Reconstruction of Anterior Mandible and Mouth Floor Using the Myofascial Iliac Crest Free Flap After Tumor Resection
Authors: Xu Haoyue , Gao Ce , Tao Yueqin , Yang Xiaochen , Shang Wei , Song Kai 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
The current study introduces a novel approach of anterior mandible and mouth floor reconstruction with the myofascial iliac crest free flap. A series of 4 patients who presented between May 2015 and July 2017 had benefited from this technique. The myofascial component of this flap was designed to be attached to the iliac crest, and the flap was obtained after identifying the neurovascular pedicle. We transferred the iliac crest, with an outward-oriented placement, to the mandibular defect as the base of the alveolar process. We found that the iliac crest can provide sufficient bone height and an aesthetic shape for the reconstruction of the anterior mandible. More important, we also observed that the myofascial component on the flap surface completely replaced the oral mucosa in as early as 1 month after the operation. Moreover, the proper soft tissue volume can be achieved using this approach for better functional reconstruction of the oral mucosa. No obvious scar contracture of the myofascial component was observed during the follow-up period. The myofascial iliac crest free flap could provide a suitable reconstruction method for combined oral mucosa–mandible defects.
Changes in Cognitive Function Scores After Cerebrospinal Fluid Tap Testing in Patients with Suspected Idiopathic Normal-Pressure Hydrocephalus
Authors: Matsuoka Tsuyoshi , Akakabe Misato , Iida Jun-ichi , Kawahara Makoto , Uchiyama Yoshitomo 
Published: December 2018

Background:
In patients suspected of having idiopathic normal-pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH), improvement in impaired cognition is common after a diagnostic cerebrospinal fluid tap test (CSFTT). Measures used to evaluate cognitive function before and after a CSFTT include the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB), and Trail Making Test (TMT). However, the time point at which cognitive function should be reevaluated after a CSFTT remains controversial.

Objective:
To investigate differences in cognitive function 1 day and 1 week after a CSFTT (versus baseline) in patients with suspected iNPH.

Methods:
This retrospective study, conducted between October 2012 and January 2017, involved 39 patients with suspected iNPH. We analyzed their MMSE, FAB, and TMT scores on tests conducted before and 1 day and 1 week after the CSFTT.

Results:
Changes in MMSE scores were negligible 1 day after the CSFTT but began to appear 1 week later. Changes in FAB scores were observed from 1 day to 1 week after the CSFTT. Although no statistically significant differences in TMT scores were observed at either time point, the execution time for the test tended to be shorter on the day after the CSFTT. Changes in cognitive function were not associated with demographic or morphological parameters. More severe impairments at baseline, however, were associated with greater changes in cognitive function.

Conclusions:
Performing several reevaluations using each test may enable more accurate assessment of cognitive function in patients with suspected iNPH. Our results highlight the need for long-term follow-up, regardless of the severity of cognitive impairment.
Precision Medicine Advancements Using Whole Genome Sequencing, Noninvasive Whole Body Imaging, and Functional Diagnostics
Authors: Hou Ying-Chen Claire , Yu Hung-Chun , Martin Rick , Schenker-Ahmed Natalie M. , Hicks Michael , Cirulli Elizabeth T. , Cohen Isaac V. , Jönsson Thomas J. , Heister Robyn , Napier Lori , Swisher Christine Leon , Dominguez Saints , Tang Haibao , Li Weizhong , Barea Jaime , Rybak Christina , Smith Emily , Duchicela Keegan , Doney Michael , Brar Pamila , Hernandez Nathaniel , Kirkness Ewen F. , Kahn Andrew M. , Venter J. Craig , Karow David S. , Caskey C. Thomas 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACTWe report the results of a three-year precision medicine study that enrolled 1190 presumed healthy participants at a single research clinic. To enable a better assessment of disease risk and improve diagnosis, a precision health platform that integrates non-invasive functional measurements and clinical tests combined with whole genome sequencing (WGS) was developed. The platform included WGS, comprehensive quantitative non-contrast whole body (WB) and brain magnetic resonance imaging/angiography (MRI/MRA), computed tomography (CT) coronary artery calcium scoring, electrocardiogram, echocardiogram, continuous cardiac monitoring, clinical laboratory tests, and metabolomics. In our cohort, 24.3% had medically significant genetic findings (MSF) which may contribute to increased risk of disease. A total of 206 unique medically significant variants in 111 genes were identified, and forty individuals (3.4%) had more than one MSF. Phenotypic testing revealed: 34.2% of our cohort had a metabolomics profile suggestive of insulin resistance, 29.2% had elevated liver fat identified by MRI, 16.4% had clinically important cardiac structure or cardiac function abnormalities on cardiac MRI or ECHO, 8.8% had a high cardiovascular risk on CT coronary artery calcium scoring (Agatston calcium score > 400, Relative Risk of 7.2), 8.0% had arrhythmia found on continuous rhythm monitoring, 6.5% had cardiac conduction disorders found on EKG, 2% had previously undetected tumors detected by WB MRI, and 2.5% had previously undetected aneurysms detected by non-contrast MRI/MRA. Using family histories, personal histories, and test results, clinical and phenotypic findings were correlated with genomic findings in 130 study participants (63.1%) with high to moderate penetrance variants, suggesting the precision health platform improves the diagnostic process in asymptomatic individuals who were at risk. Cardiovascular and endocrine diseases achieved considerable clinical associations between MSFs and clinical phenotypes (89% and 72%, respectively). These findings demonstrate the value of integrating WGS and noninvasive clinical assessments for a rapid and integrated point-of-care clinical diagnosis of age-related diseases that contribute to premature mortality.
Dynamic ensemble of HIV-1 RRE stem IIB reveals non-native conformations that disrupt the Rev binding site
Authors: Chu Chia-Chieh , Plangger Raphael , Kreutz Christoph , Al-Hashimi Hashim M. 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACTThe HIV-1 Rev response element (RRE) RNA element mediates the nuclear export of intron containing viral RNAs by forming an oligomeric complex with the viral protein Rev. Stem IIB and nearby stem II three-way junction nucleate oligomerization through cooperative binding of two Rev molecules. Conformational flexibility at this RRE region has been shown to be important for Rev binding. However, the nature of the flexibility has remained elusive. Here, using NMR relaxation dispersion, including a new strategy for directly observing transient conformational states in large RNAs, we find that stem IIB alone or when part of the larger RREII three-way junction robustly exists in dynamic equilibrium with non-native ‘excited state’ (ES) conformations that have a combined population of ~20%. The ESs disrupt the Rev binding site by changing local secondary structure and their stabilization via point substitution mutations decreases the binding affinity to the Rev arginine-rich motif (ARM) by 15- to 80-fold. The ensemble clarifies the conformational flexibility observed in stem IIB, reveals long-range conformational coupling between stem IIB and the three-way junction that may play roles in cooperative Rev binding, and also identifies non-native RRE conformational states as new targets for the development of anti-HIV therapeutics.
Retrograde transport of Akt by a neuronal Rab5-APPL1 endosome
Authors: Goto-Silva Livia , McShane Marisa P. , Salinas Sara , Kalaidzidis Yannis , Schiavo Giampietro , Zerial Marino 
Published: December 2018

AbstractLong-distance axonal trafficking plays a critical role in neuronal function, and transport defects have been linked to neurodegenerative disorders. Various lines of evidence suggest that the small GTPase Rab5 plays a role in neuronal signaling via early endosomal transport. Here, we characterized the motility of Rab5 endosomes in primary cultures of mouse hippocampal pyramidal cells by live-cell imaging and showed that they exhibit bi-directional long-range motility in axons, with a strong bias toward retrograde transport. Characterization of key Rab5 effectors revealed that endogenous Rabankyrin-5, Rabenosyn-5 and APPL1 are all present in axons. Further analysis of APPL1-positive endosomes showed that, similar to Rab5-endosomes, they display more frequent long-range retrograde than anterograde movement, with the endosomal levels of APPL1 correlated with faster retrograde movement. Interestingly, APPL1-endosomes transport the neurotrophin receptor TrkB and mediate retrograde axonal transport of the kinase Akt1. FRET analysis revealed that APPL1 and Akt1 interact in an endocytosis-dependent manner. We conclude that Rab5-APPL1 endosomes exhibit the hallmarks of axonal signaling endosomes to transport Akt1 in hippocampal pyramidal cells.
Influence of ethical leadership on employee learning orientation: evidence from academics
Authors: Goswami Anil Kumar , Agrawal Rakesh Kumar 
Published: December 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between ethical leadership and employee learning orientation in organizations.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper uses a quantitative methodology to analyze data collected from 160 faculty members from universities, using a survey questionnaire.

Findings
The finding of this study reveals that ethical leadership has a positive effect on learning orientation of faculty members in universities.

Originality/value
This study adds to the field of ethical leadership by investigating the influence of ethical leadership on learning orientation of faculty members in universities.
Psychometric evaluation of the Perinatal Illness Perceptions Scale (PIPS)
Authors: Jomeen Julie , Martin Colin Robert , Jarrett Patricia Mary 
Published: December 2018

Purpose
Perinatal mental health (PMH) is acknowledged as a significant public health issue associated with significant personal, family, social and economic burden. Research demonstrates that healthcare practitioners lack knowledge and confidence in this area but there is likely to be a complexity of factors that may influence practitioner behaviours, including negative attitudes towards people with mental health and inaccurate illness perceptions. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Perinatal Illness Perceptions Scale (PIPS), a conceptual derivation of the Illness Perception Questionnaire – Revised.

Design/methodology/approach
A cross-sectional and exploratory instrument development design, using exploratory factor analysis, was employed.

Findings
The scale demonstrated good psychometric properties revealing three sub-scales: causes, consequences (mother); consequences (baby).

Originality/value
The findings implicate the PIPS as the first robust psychometric measure, which can be used to in the assessment of practitioner knowledge of the causes and consequences of PMH. The PIPS could offer the opportunity to assess these domains within both educational and training context and identify practitioner attitudes which may affect clinical decision making and referral decisions.
Exploiting emerging market complementarities
Authors: Robertson Nic , Luiz John M. 
Published: December 2018

PurposeThis paper aims to explore the delayed, then accelerated, internationalisation of an emerging multinational enterprise (EMNE), with a particular focus on the media technology sector, and how it exploited complementarities between emerging markets.Design/methodology/approachThe research is qualitative in nature and focuses on the expansion of a South African media technology EMNE case study that has a footprint in over 130 countries and has one of the largest market capitalisations of any media company outside the USA and China.FindingsEMNEs have unique capabilities in navigating uncertain institutional environments in emerging markets and are able to capitalise upon the institutional complementarities between their home and host countries. This may facilitate the recognition of market opportunities and the harnessing of new technologies to meet these opportunities in complementary markets for accelerated internationalisation.Practical implicationsEMNEs must capitalise upon the institutional complementarities between home and host country locations and use this to take advantage of identified market opportunities. This creates the possibility for a process of accelerated internationalisation. New technologies are creating particular market opportunities in emerging markets which can be exploited by EMNEs.Originality/valueThe authors provide a framework which illustrates how an EMNE can exploit complementarities between emerging markets to identify market opportunities, capitalise upon institutional similarities and harness new technologies in the process.
The ghettoization of persons with severe mental illnesses
Authors: Stewart Janet Laura 
Published: December 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to outline the reflections of a person with lived experience of a severe mental illness (SMI) and former peer support worker in Montreal, Quebec, Canada, who has also worked for seven years in mental health research. It describes a tendency of resources and services to create ghettos of people with SMIs by failing to support the integration of people with SMIs into the community at large or in exploring options for meaningful, fulfilling occupation, reinforcing social exclusion and ghettoization.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper shows a reflective and narrative account of personal experiences and observations of the ghettoizing tendency in mental health services.

Findings
Mental healthcare professionals tend to support people with SMIs in engaging activities within resources for the mentally ill, and not in carrying out activities in the community at large. The range of activities offered is limited, an obstacle to finding meaningful, fulfilling occupation. Harmful psychological effects include self-stigma, low self-esteem and a sense of marginalization, generating a ghettoized mentality. The difficulties encountered in an effort to leave the mental health ghetto are touched on with examples of how to overcome them.

Practical implications
The need for professional support for social integration of people with SMIs is identified, which could ultimately favor social inclusion of people with SMIs.

Originality/value
It is written from the perspective of a user and provider of mental health services, who also has seven years’ experience in mental health research.
The strategic co-creation of content and student experiences in social media
Authors: Fujita Momoko , Harrigan Paul , Soutar Geoffrey N. 
Published: December 2018

Purpose
This study aims to enhance the understanding of how co-created content (CCC) can facilitate relevant and meaningful customer experiences in social media brand communities (SMBCs). It investigates the characteristics of CCC and explores the effects they have on member engagement from an identity theories perspective.

Design/methodology/approach
A netnography of a university’s Facebook and Instagram accounts was undertaken to analyse exemplary content co-creation practice and resulting user reactions in an organic setting.

Findings
The analysis of CCC confirmed a strong presence of identity narratives and cues that can be categorised into university, sub-group and student role identity themes. Members’ identity-consistent reactions highlight that CCC can influence member perceptions of the distinctiveness, prestige and similarity of the identities they enact. University identity theme CCC allows members to project other member’s identity narrative, while sub-group and student-role identity theme CCC can help increase identity synergy.

Research limitations/implications
The paper adds to the social media marketing literature that SMBC members are important integrators of symbolic resources that influence other members’ identity constructions and further their perceived relationships with the organisation and other members. Social media enables marketers to leverage members’ diverse identities to enhance customer experiences. The study’s single context focus may be a limitation.

Practical implications
The paper provides a useful framework for designing social media content that facilitates meaningful engagement.

Originality/value
The use of identity theories to enhance the understanding of CCC and its role in SMBCs is original. The paper generates new lines of future enquiries to advance theorisation of social media marketing.