bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the Entrepreneurship Level and Attitude in the Aspect of Starting-Up and Running Micro-Enterprises Among Students of Lublin Universities of Majors in Economics, Management, and Finance
Authors: Lahutta Dawid 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Entrepreneurship has been a functioning term in academic literature for a long time, however, the research and discussions concerning its importance among the youth take more place in modern science. In economics, this term denotes a tendency to take new risks or seek and realize unconventional projects. The direct approach is to start and run one’s own business. A one-person business activity is the dominant form of an idea realization about the entrepreneurship on a small range. From the moment the annex I to an ordinance 364/2004 came to life, the micro-enterprise stands out as the most common when it comes to the size of one-person business activities. The article concentrates on the measurement and analysis of the level of businesses among students of Lublin universities, related mainly to the desire and initiative of starting-up and running one’s own business. The aim of the article is to increase the level of perception of the knowledge about the youth’s entrepreneurial attitude, especially those possessing extended economic and financial knowledge. The research was possible thanks to a survey covering the representative sample of the population of students of economics, management, and finance at Lublin universities. The choice of this sample was random and focused on different majors. The results and conclusions were collected according to the majors, age, gender, and previous experience of the responders.
The Impact of Warmia and Masuria Local Authorities on Entrepreneurship Development in the Business Location Factors Context
Authors: Marks-Bielska Renata , Serocka Izabela 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Local authorities are a very important institution having a direct or indirect impact on attracting investors who significantly contribute to the entrepreneurship development at local and regional level. The main objective of the research was to evaluate the impact on entrepreneurship development in the business location factors context by Warmia and Masuria local authorities representing different types of communes. The results obtained allowed to determine in which type of commune, Warmia and Masuria local authorities actively supported the entrepreneurship development in their activity area and, among others, to indicate which location factors were less important, and which were gaining in importance in the business location process. Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that local authorities of urban and urban-rural communes feel a stronger need to improve entrepreneurship development in their area. The research also showed that the location factors hierarchy shaped in a slightly different way depending on the perception of the local authorities representing different types of communes.
Income Inequality in Poland and the United Kingdom. Decomposition of the Theil Index
Authors: Muszyńska Joanna , Oczki Jarosław , Wędrowska Ewa 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
The aim of the article is to compare inequalities of the household disposable income in Poland and the UK. We analyse the Theil index for types of households in 2005 and 2014. We also aim at finding out how household types contribute to the level of overall income inequality in the UK and Poland. We calculate and decompose the Theil indices based on the equivalised disposable household income from the European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions (EU-SILC) database. We find that “two adults below 65 with no dependent children” household group is the main contributor to the overall Theil index in both countries. We also conclude that the between-group component of the Theil index decreases in Poland and increases in the UK and, in effect, in 2014, it is twice as high in the UK as in Poland.
KONJUNGSI EKSTRATEKSTUAL DALAM TEKS AL-MUTAWASSIMĪN
Authors: Yasin Dhimas Muhammad 
Published: July 2018

This article, discussed the type, position, and function of extra-textual conjunctionin the text of Al-Mutawassimīn. This research uses descriptive qualitative research method. The data in this study are text and Al-Mutawassimīn text edits. Sources of data in this study are Al-Mutawassimīn manuscripts stored in the Library of Pusat Kegiatan Belajar Masyarakat(PKBM) Pinilih, Soditan RT.01 / RW.03 Gumpang, Kartasura, Sukoharjo, Central Java with book number 900,331. Based on the assessment of the text, it can be concluded: extra-textual conjunction in the text of Al-Mutawassimīn, include: the conjunction adapun, the conjunction bermula, and the conjunction maka; conjunctions position adapunand bermula is located at the beginning of sentences, whereas the conjunction maka is located at the beginning of the sentence and at the end of the sentence. Extra-textual conjunction function is as an introductory discourse. Abstrak Tulisan ini membahas jenis, posisi, dan fungsi konjungsi ekstratekstual dalam teks Al-Mutawassimīn.Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Data dalam penelitian ini adalah teks dansuntingan teks Al-Mutawassimīn. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini adalah naskah Al-Mutawassimīnyang tersimpan di Perpustakaan Pusat Kegiatan Belajar Masyarakat (PKBM) Pinilih, Soditan RT01/RW03 Gumpang, Kartasura, Sukoharjo, Jawa Tengah dengan nomor buku 900.331.Berdasarkan pengkajianteks, hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konjungsi ekstratekstual dalam teks Al-Mutawassimīn, meliputi konjungsi adapun, bermula, dan maka. Posisi konjungsi adapundan bermulaterletak diawal kalimat, sedangkan konjungsi maka terletak di awal kalimat dan tengahkalimat. Fungsi konjungsi ekstratekstual adalah sebagai wacana pengantar.
Several Considerations on Test Method of Helium Mass Spectrometer Leakage Detection
Authors: Haiyang Wei 
Published: July 2018

In the research into heliumÂ massÂ spectrometer leakage detection, a method for linearizability investigation has been put forward recently. Meanwhile,Â itÂ hasÂ been demonstrated the rationality of the method through multiple tests based on the study in the principle of constant pumping speed of the mechanical pump in vacuum. The method realizes the control over the pressure through adjusting the leak detector inlet, so as to adjust gas flow rate in the leak detector. The concentration of heliumÂ inÂ mixedÂ gasÂ is controlled via changing helium flowÂ rateÂ duringÂ leakage detection, so as to influence value display of the leak detector. With regard to test of linearity of the leak detector, a research has been conducted into relationship between the inletÂ pressureÂ andÂ output readings. The methodology of the research is characterized by simplicity, convenience, cost effective, and its test range coversÂ mostÂ ofÂ theÂ test leakageage rates in practice.
Quality Management of Construction Site of Construction Decoration Engineering
Authors: Si Yao 
Published: July 2018

With the rapidÂ development of Chinaâ€™sÂ construction industry, higherÂ requirements for the qualityÂ of construction decorationÂ engineering was put forward.In the actual constructionÂ process, on the premise thatthe decoration qualityÂ complies with industryÂ standard, decorationÂ enterprises should takeÂ improving work environmentÂ as the purpose of construction,Â create more economicÂ benefits and social benefits,Â avoid violating enterpriseÂ culture or wasting moreÂ building resources due toÂ quality managementÂ problems. However, someÂ problems still exist in theÂ actual construction process.Â Therefore, this paper analyzesand discusses the qualityÂ management of constructionsite of constructionÂ decoration engineering.
Study on Quality Control of Drilling Fluid
Authors: Heng Bai Jin 
Published: July 2018

Drilling fluid is an important construction technique in the drilling engineering. However, because of the influence of present situation of domestic drilling geological, drilling fluid has notÂ yet been paid sufficient attention. During the construction process, there is not enough professional personnel and apparatus, the fluid recipes are in mess, and they canâ€™t meet different kinds of formations, which cause that the efficiency of the drilling work is low and accidents in the hole happens frequently. This passage which is based on the characteristics and principles of quality control in each section of drilling fluid studies on the quality control, the system composition and how to ensure quality in details. It is also hoped to have the certain value and significance for the future quality control of drilling fluid.
The Systematic Study of the Feasible Photovoltaics in Eastern Kentucky
Authors: Lee Sanghyun 
Published: July 2018

Photovoltaics (PV-also called solar photovoltaic devices) are used to harness the power of the sun via the electronic process that occurs within semiconductor cells. The solar energy isÂ absorbed by the cells, which causes the electrons to break away from their atoms, allowing them to flow within the material to produce electricity. This electricity will become the renewable energy for Kentucky, as the generation of coal will but come to a stop within the near future. Like Denmark who is running on 100% renewable generation we must stride to become fully operational on solar. In the present work, we systematically studied about renewable energy resources, in particular, solar energy for the application of photovoltaicÂ panels in Eastern Kentucky. By analyzing data from our PV cells at Morehead State University designed to follow the direction of the sun for optimized output and by incorporating MPPT charge controllers, we have constructed a maximum power algorithm that performs best for the location. Utilizing these, measurements of daily electricity production in comparison to the average power needed for household use has validated our research. With the advancements in solar cell technology what was once impossible is now reality, as solar power can easily power this region based on our data. Knowing this, being a prime location we can now push to enable the advancement of renewable energy production and become less dependent on fossil fuels, thus creating an infrastructure that will run off solar power.
METHOD FOR FMD VIRUS 146S COMPONENT CONCENTRATION DETERMINATION WITH REAL-TIME REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION – POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION IN VACCINE RAW MATERIALS
Authors: Doronin M. I. , Timina A. M. , Lozovoy D. A. , Starikov V. A. , Mikhalishin D. V. , Medvedeva N. N. , Borisov A. V. 
Published: July 2018

Method for determination of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) virus 146S component concentration with real-time reverse transcription – polymerase chain reaction (rtRT-PCR) in vaccine raw materials is developed. Negative regression model of С146S = (30.269 – Ct )/4.155 type allowing determination of FMDV 146S particle concentrations based on the amplification threshold cycle values (Ct ) is proposed. It has been experimentally proven that the quantity of the 146S component determined by the real-time RT-PCR method using developed regression model and contained in the inoculation dose of FMD vaccine confers protection to the vaccinated animals against generalized FMD of A, O, Asia-1 types. rtRT-PCR method is highly sensitive and allows rapid and highly reliable estimation of the 146S antigen concentration in FMD vaccine. The method for 146S particle quantity determination by real-time RT-PCR using the regression model is reliable and demonstrates high correlation (95.5–99.0%) with the complement fixation test results.
THREE-WAY ERROR ANALYSIS OF SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE (SST) BETWEEN HIMAWARI-8, BUOY, AND MUR SST IN SAVU SEA
Authors: Sukresno Bambang , Hanintyo Rizki , Kusuma Denny Wijaya , Jatisworo Dinarika , Murdimanto Ari 
Published: July 2018

Variance errors of Himawari-8, buoy, and Multi-scale Ultra-high Resolution (MUR) SST in Savu Sea have been investigated. This research used level 3 Himawari-8 hourly SST, in situ measurement of buoy, and daily MUR SST in the period of December 2016 to July 2017. The data were separated into day time data and night time. Skin temperature of Himawari-8 and subskin tempertaure of MUR SST were corrected with the value of 15âˆ†Tdept"> before compared with buoy data. Hourly SST of Himawari-8 and buoy data were converted to daily format by averaging process before collocated with MUR SST data. The number of 2,264 matchup data are obtained. Differences average between Himawari-8, buoy and MUR SST were calculated to get the value of variance (Vij). Using three-way error analysis, variance errors of each observation type can be known. From the analysis results can be seen that the variance error of Himawari-8, buoy and MUR SST are 2.5 oC, 0.28oC and 1.21oC respectively. The accuracy of buoy data was better than the other. With a small variance errors, thus buoy data can be used as a reference data for validation of SST from different observation type.
Surgical treatment of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: what’s new?
Authors: V. V. Lazoryshynets  , K. V. Rudenko  , O. A. Krykunov  , A. O. Rusnak  , O. M. Trembovetska  , L. O. Nevmerzhytska  , P. A. Danchenko  
Published: July 2018

The aim — to investigate the effectiveness of surgical septal myectomy in patients with obstructive form of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and to determine its effect on survival and quality of life.Materials and methods. The research included 118 consequential symptomatic patients with obstructive form of HCM who underwent surgical extensive myectomy with secondary chordae resection and mobilization of the anterior and posterior groups of papillary muscles (PM). An evaluation of the following parameters in group of patients before and after surgical intervention was performed: systolic pressure gradient (SPG) on the left ventricle outflow tract (LVOT), mitral regurgitation (MR) degree, NYHA functional class, survival rate and main post­operative complications.Results and discussion. According to the obtained data, SPG decreased from 93.6 ± 23.2 mmHg prior the surgery to 19.7 ± 11.4 mmHg after the treatment (p < 0.001). 21 (17.8 %) patients had moderate degree of MR after the surgery, while before the intervention the number of patients who had moderate or severe MR degree made up 101 (85.5 %) out of 118 (p < 0.001). Out of 118 patients, 36 (30.5 %) of whom had III — IV NYHA functional class of heart failure before the procedure, 115 (97.4 %) switched to functional class I — II in the latest follow­up (p < 0.001). The mortality accounted for 1.7 %. Out of 118 patients under study, one (0.8 %) underwent cardioverter­defibrillator implantation in the post­operative period for the prophilaxis of sudden death, and 5 (4.2 %) patients underwent pacemaker implantation due to complete post­operative AV­block.Conclusions. Surgical septal myectomy by professor P. Ferrazzi procedure is a gold standard of treatment of patients with obstructive form of HCM. Successful correction of HCM can be conducted only by a high­qualified surgeon with experience of reconstruction of valvular pathologies and in an expert center, where it is possible to perform routine pre­operative MRI or CT‑planning and mandatory intraoperative echocardiographic control.
Prediction of cavernous sinus invasion in patients with Cushing’s disease by magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Mastorakos Panagiotis , Taylor Davis G. , Chen Ching-Jen , Buell Thomas , Donahue Joseph H. , Jane John A. 
Published: July 2018

OBJECTIVECavernous sinus invasion (CSI) in Cushing’s disease (CD) negatively affects the probability of complete resection, biochemical cure, and need for adjuvant therapy. However, the prediction of CSI based on MRI findings has been inconsistent and variable. Among macroadenomas, the Knosp classification is the most widely utilized radiographic predictor of CSI, but its accuracy in predicting CSI and the probability of gross-total resection is limited in the setting of microadenomas or Knosp grade 0–2 macroadenomas. The authors noticed that the presence of a triangular shape of adenomas adjacent to the cavernous sinus on coronal MR images is frequently associated with CSI. The authors aimed to determine the correlation of this radiographic finding (“sail sign” [SS]) with CSI.METHODSThe authors performed a retrospective review of all patients with a pituitary lesion < 20 mm and a biochemical diagnosis of CD treated with endoscopic or microscopic transsphenoidal resection from November 2007 to May 2017. Overall 185 patients with CD were identified: 27 were excluded for negative preoperative imaging, 32 for lacking tumors adjacent to the sinus, 7 for Knosp grade 3 or higher, and 4 for inadequate intraoperative assessment of the CSI. Following application of inclusion and exclusion criteria, 115 cases were available for statistical analysis. Intraoperative CSI was prospectively evaluated at the time of surgery by one of two neurosurgical attending surgeons, and MRI data were evaluated retrospectively by a neurosurgical resident and attending neuroradiologist blinded to the intraoperative results.RESULTSA positive SS was identified in 23 patients (20%). Among patients with positive SS, 91% demonstrated CSI compared to 10% without an SS (p < 0.001). Using the SS as a predictor of CSI provided a sensitivity of 0.7 and a specificity of 0.98, with a positive predictive value (PPV) of 0.91 and a negative predictive value of 0.9. Among patients with positive SS, 30% did not achieve immediate postoperative remission, compared to 3.3% of patients without an SS (p < 0.001).CONCLUSIONSThe presence of a positive SS among Cushing’s adenomas adjacent to the CS provides strong PPV, specificity, and positive likelihood ratio for the prediction of CSI. This can be a useful tool for preoperative planning and for predicting the likelihood of long-term biochemical remission and the need for adjuvant radiosurgery.
Endoscopic surgery for nonsyndromic craniosynostosis: a 16-year single-center experience
Authors: Dalle Ore Cecilia L. , Dilip Monisha , Brandel Michael G. , McIntyre Joyce K. , Hoshide Reid , Calayag Mark , Gosman Amanda A. , Cohen Steven R. , Meltzer Hal S. 
Published: July 2018

OBJECTIVEIn this paper the authors review their 16-year single-institution consecutive patient experience in the endoscopic treatment of nonsyndromic craniosynostosis with an emphasis on careful review of any associated treatment-related complications and methods of complication avoidance, including preoperative planning, intraoperative management, and postoperative care and follow-up.METHODSA retrospective chart review was conducted on all patients undergoing endoscopic, minimally invasive surgery for nonsyndromic craniosynostosis at Rady Children’s Hospital from 2000 to 2015. All patients were operated on by a single neurosurgeon in collaboration with two plastic and reconstructive surgeons as part of the institution’s craniofacial team.RESULTSTwo hundred thirty-five patients underwent minimally invasive endoscopic surgery for nonsyndromic craniosynostosis from 2000 to 2015. The median age at surgery was 3.8 months. The median operative and anesthesia times were 55 and 105 minutes, respectively. The median estimated blood loss (EBL) was 25 ml (median percentage EBL 4.2%). There were no identified episodes of air embolism or operative deaths. One patient suffered an intraoperative sagittal sinus injury, 2 patients underwent intraoperative conversion of planned endoscopic to open procedures, 1 patient experienced a dural tear, and 1 patient had an immediate reexploration for a developing subgaleal hematoma. Two hundred twenty-five patients (96%) were admitted directly to the standard surgical ward where the median length of stay was 1 day. Eight patients were admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) postoperatively, 7 of whom had preexisting medical conditions that the team had identified preoperatively as necessitating a planned ICU admission. The 30-day readmission rate was 1.7% (4 patients), only 1 of whom had a diagnosis (surgical site infection) related to their initial admission. Average length of follow-up was 2.8 years (range < 1 year to 13.4 years). Six children (< 3%) had subsequent open procedures for perceived suboptimal aesthetic results, 4 of whom (> 66%) had either coronal or metopic craniosynostosis. No patient in this series either presented with or subsequently developed signs or symptoms of intracranial hypertension.CONCLUSIONSIn this large single-center consecutive patient series in the endoscopic treatment of nonsyndromic craniosynostosis, significant complications were avoided, allowing for postoperative care for the vast majority of infants on a standard surgical ward. No deaths, catastrophic postoperative morbidity, or evidence of the development of symptomatic intracranial hypertension was observed.
6. Commerce international et environnement sont-ils (in)conciliables ?
Authors: Rolland Lisa 
Published: July 2018

Les relations entre commerce international et environnement sont empreintes de complexité. Tandis que l’Organisation Mondiale du Commerce promeut une ouverture des marchés nationaux encourageant le développement durable, les confrontations de valeurs et de logiques sous-tendues par le commerce mondial et la protection de l’environnement restent toujours d’actualité. Le solde net des effets du commerce international sur l’environnement reste encore mal déterminé, les politiques environnementales nationales ne se substituant pas aux politiques commerciales. Dans ce contexte, les discours se multiplient sur la mise en place d’un commerce durable : est-ce possible et selon quelles modalités ?
Les relations controversées entre les technologies numériques et l’emploi
Authors: Valenduc Gérard 
Published: July 2018

Les écarts importants entre les prévisions actuelles sur l’avenir de l’emploi dans l’économie numérique reflètent des divergences profondes dans les hypothèses et les méthodologies des études existantes. L’article compare trois approches. La première repose sur une évaluation des risques de substitution des tâches réalisées par des humains au bénéfice de machines intelligentes, au niveau des profils des métiers, et conduit à des estimations très pessimistes. La deuxième prend en compte l’hétérogénéité des tâches, automatisables ou non, au sein de chaque profil de métiers. Les prévisions sont beaucoup moins pessimistes, de même que dans la troisième approche, qui repose sur une analyse des conditions de travail potentiellement exposées à l’automatisation. Selon le « niveau de la menace », les implications politiques peuvent s’avérer très différentes.
La vocation, force et ambivalence d’un concept « nomade ». Pour un usage idéal-typique
Authors: Suaud Charles 
Published: July 2018

La vocation est un concept « nomade » dont il convient d’examiner les limites et les conditions de validité de transfert. Il faut renoncer à prendre la modalité d’origine religieuse comme modèle théorique unique pour parvenir à une analyse idéale-typique respectueuse de la diversité des processus d’engagement vocationnel, qu’ils soient religieux, artistiques ou sportifs. C’est uniquement dans un second temps que l’on peut examiner les propriétés transversales à ces différents modes d’engagement total, à commencer par l’incorporation d’un destin qui fait à la fois la force et la fragilité de ces modes de socialisation.