Abstract 3634: Tannic acid-docetaxel scaffold nanoparticles for improved prostate cancer therapy
Authors: Nagesh Prashanth Kumar Bhusetty , Chowdhury Pallabita , Hatami Elham , Kumari Sonam , Kashyap Vivek Kumar , Hafeez Bilal , Khan Sheema , Tripathi Manish Kumar , Jaggi Meena , Chauhan Subhash C. , Yallapu Murali M. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Purpose: Prostate cancer (PrCa) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths among men in the United States. Chemotherapy with docetaxel holds great promise and important therapeutic option for PrCa treatment. However, chemotherapy is often associated with incomplete cell death and leads to persistent senescent phenotype. Such phenotypic cancer cells survive and promotes tumor development, recurrence, and drug resistance. Altogether, targeting these cells can enhance chemotherapy outcomes. In the current study, we established a tannic acid-docetaxel scaffold nanoparticles (TDS NP) platform that allows for facile targeting and inhibition of drug induced senescence in prostate cancer.
Methods: TDS NP were prepared by solvent evaporation and extrusion process using a series of tannic acid and docetaxel weight ratios. The scaffold self-assembly formation was determined using a steady-state fluorescence quenching, FT-IR, XRD, DSC, and TGA. The surface and morphological properties of TDS NPs were determined by dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscopy. The biocompatibility assessment was characterized by hemolysis assay. C4-2 and PC-3 cell lines were used as PrCa model systems for in vitro and in vivo studies. The cellular internalization (in vitro) and accumulation (in vivo) was examined using dye-tagged TDS NPs. The superior in vitro anti-cancer and metastatic potential of TDS NPs were evaluated using proliferation, colony formation, migration, invasion, and immunoblotting assays. The anti-senescence ability of TDS NPs was examined through β-Galactosidase Staining Kit. A PC-3 xenograft mouse model was used to examine its superior therapeutic activity over free docetaxel treatment.
Results: A series of physico-chemical analyses confirmed the integrity of TDS NP. An optimized formulation exhibited a spherical shape particle formulation with 124.13 ± 2.16 nm with a negative zeta potential of -14.0 mV. TDS NPs formulation exhibited superior internalization capacity in PrCa cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. In vitro functional studies confirm superior therapeutic activity of TDS NPs over free docetaxel treatment. Enhanced pro-apoptotic while downregulating anti-apoptotic effects with treatment of TDS NPs in comparison to native drug. A profound inhibition of β-galactosidase activity was noticed with TDS NPs treatment. In vivobiodistribution studies confirm efficient accumulation of TDS NPs in mice. In addition, TDS NPs showed robust antitumor activity against PC-3 xenografts. Such improved activity was correlated with increased inhibition of senescence and induced apoptosis.
Conclusion: In summary, we developed a novel tannic acid-docetaxel scaffold nanoparticle formulation that is capable of inhibiting senescence, minimizing drug resistance, and inducing apoptosis in prostate cancer.
Citation Format: Prashanth Kumar Bhusetty Nagesh, Pallabita Chowdhury, Elham Hatami, Sonam Kumari, Vivek Kumar Kashyap, Bilal Hafeez, Sheema Khan, Manish Kumar Tripathi, Meena Jaggi, Subhash C. Chauhan, Murali M. Yallapu. Tannic acid-docetaxel scaffold nanoparticles for improved prostate cancer therapy [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 3634.