bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is the Mole Rat Vomeronasal Organ Functional?
Authors: Dennis John C. , Stilwell Natalie K. , Smith Timothy D. , Park Thomas J. , Bhatnagar Kunwar P. , Morrison Edward E. 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACTThe colonial naked mole rat Heterocephalus glaber is a subterranean, eusocial rodent. The H. glaber vomeronasal organ neuroepithelium (VNE) displays little postnatal growth. However, the VNE remains neuronal in contrast to some mammals that possess nonfunctional vomeronasal organ remnants, for example, catarrhine primates and some bats. Here, we describe the vomeronasal organ (VNO) microanatomy in the naked mole rat and we make preliminary observations to determine if H. glaber shares its minimal postnatal VNE growth with other African mole rats. We also determine the immunoreactivity to the mitotic marker Ki67, growth‐associated protein 43 (GAP43), and olfactory marker protein (OMP) in six adult and three subadult H. glaber individuals. VNE volume measurements on a small sample of Cryptomys hottentotus and Fukomys damarensis indicate that the VNE of those African mole rat species are also likely to be growth‐deficient. Ki67(+) cells show that the sensory epithelium is mitotically active. GAP43 labelling indicates neurogenesis and OMP(+) cells are present though less numerous compared to GAP43(+) cells. In this respect, the VNO of H. glaber does not appear vestigial. The African mole rat VNE may be unusually variable, perhaps reflecting reduced selection pressure on the vomeronasal system. If so, African mole rats may provide a useful genetic model for understanding the morphological variability observed in the mammalian VNO. Anat Rec, 2019. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Anat Rec, 303:318–329, 2020. © 2019 American Association for Anatomy
Reduced Right Ventricular Output Reserve in Patients With Systemic Sclerosis and Mildly Elevated Pulmonary Artery Pressure
Authors: Nagel Christian , Marra Alberto M. , Benjamin Nicola , Blank Norbert , Cittadini Antonio , Coghlan Gerry , Distler Oliver , Denton Christopher P. , Egenlauf Benjamin , Fiehn Christoph , Fischer Christine , Harutyunova Satenik , Hoeper Marius M. , Lorenz Hanns‐Martin , Xanthouli Panagiota , Bossone Eduardo , Grünig Ekkehard 
Published: January 2019

ObjectiveThis prospective study was undertaken to evaluate right ventricular function and pulmonary arterial compliance (PAC; ratio of stroke volume to pulse pressure) at rest and during exercise in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) with normal mean pulmonary artery pressure (PAP), patients with SSc with mildly elevated mean PAP, and patients with SSc with manifest pulmonary hypertension (PH).MethodsPatients with SSc (n = 112) underwent clinical assessment and right‐sided heart catheterization at rest and during exercise and were divided into 3 groups according to their resting mean PAP values: normal mean PAP (≤20 mm Hg), mildly elevated mean PAP (21–24 mm Hg), and PH (mean PAP ≥25 mm Hg). Results were compared between groups by analysis of variance followed by post hoc Student's t‐test.ResultsCompared to patients with normal mean PAP, patients with mildly elevated mean PAP had a lower 6‐minute walking distance (P = 0.008), lower cardiac index (P = 0.027) and higher pulmonary vascular resistance (P = 0.0002) during exercise, and lower PAC at rest (P = 0.016) and different stages of exercise (P = 0.033 for 25W and P = 0.024 for 75W).ConclusionThe results of this study suggest that impaired 6‐minute walking distance in SSc patients with mildly elevated mean PAP might be caused by reduced PAC during exercise and reduced right ventricular output reserve, presumably due to impaired coupling between the right ventricle and the pulmonary vasculature. These findings provide further evidence of the clinical relevance of mildly elevated mean PAP in patients with SSc.
Usefulness of 18F‐Labeled Fluorodeoxyglucose–Positron Emission Tomography for the Diagnosis of Lymphoma in Primary Sjögren's Syndrome
Authors: Keraen Jérémy , Blanc Estelle , Besson Florent L. , Leguern Véronique , Meyer Céline , Henry Julien , Belkhir Rakiba , Nocturne Gaétane , Mariette Xavier , Seror Raphaèle 
Published: January 2019

ObjectiveThe usefulness of positron emission tomography–computed tomography (PET‐CT) with 18F‐labeled fluorodeoxyglucose (18F‐FDG) for the diagnosis of lymphoma in patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is unclear, since the abnormalities it reveals may be due to systemic manifestations of SS. This study was undertaken to compare 18F‐FDG–PET‐CT in patients with primary SS with lymphoma and those without lymphoma in order to identify patterns associated with lymphoma.MethodsA retrospective study was conducted in 2 centers and included patients who met the American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism 2016 criteria for primary SS and had undergone PET‐CT. Two independent readers who were blinded with regard to lymphoma diagnosis analyzed PET‐CT scans. Abnormalities were compared between patients with and those without lymphoma.ResultsOf the 45 patients included, 15 had lymphoma. Compared to patients without lymphoma, the mean size (P = 0.048) and maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) (P = 0.001) of the parotid glands were higher in patients with lymphoma. FDG uptake in the lymph nodes was observed in 53.3% of the patients with lymphoma and 43.3% of the patients without lymphoma, with no difference in the number of sites, uptake pattern, or mean SUVmax. Focal pulmonary uptake (nodules or condensations) was observed in 5 of the patients with lymphoma (33.3%) but only 1 patient without lymphoma (3.3%) (P = 0.01). Having an SUVmax in the parotid gland of ≥4.7 and/or the presence of focal pulmonary lesions was highly suggestive of lymphoma (sensitivity 80%, specificity 83.3%).ConclusionSome systemic manifestations of primary SS (lymphadenopathy, pulmonary involvement, and salivary gland involvement) can be visualized by PET‐CT. Involvement of the lymph nodes and parotid glands is commonly observed with a similar frequency in SS patients with and those without lymphoma. An SUVmax in the parotid glands of ≥4.7 and/or the presence of focal lung lesions are associated with the diagnosis of lymphoma.
The effect of response interruption and redirection with and without a differential reinforcement of alternative behavior component on stereotypy and appropriate responses
Authors: Cividini‐Motta Catia , Garcia Anna R. , Livingston Cynthia , MacNaul Hannah L. 
Published: January 2019

Individuals with an Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) often engage in repetitive and stereotypic behaviors (American Psychological Association, 2013). Therefore, interventions that reduce stereotypy and potentially increase appropriate responses are of interest in the field of applied behavior analysis. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the isolated and additive effects of response interruption and redirection (RIRD) and differential reinforcement of alternative behavior (DRA) on both stereotypy and appropriate responses to determine whether either of these interventions alone or in combination is more effective and more efficient in increasing appropriate responses and decreasing stereotypy. Results showed that both RIRD and RIRD + DRA were effective interventions in decreasing stereotypy, but no procedure resulted in a sustained increase in appropriate responses.
Could lean practices and process innovation enhance supply chain sustainability of small and medium‐sized enterprises?
Authors: Dey Prasanta Kumar , Malesios Chrisovalantis , De Debashree , Chowdhury Soumyadeb , Abdelaziz Fouad Ben 
Published: January 2019

AbstractSmall and medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs) adopt lean practices (LP) to reduce waste across their organisational value chain, which helps achieve sustainability. Process innovation (PI) has also been applied through cleaner production, environmental management system, ecodesign, and so on to address both customers' needs and legislations by policymakers. Although prior studies reveal the effect of sustainable practices, LP, and PI on sustainable performance separately, less is known on the integrated effect of them on sustainability performance. Moreover, studies on mediating effect of LP and PI on sustainability performance are scant. This is significant as LP and PI are considered to be the enablers for achieving sustainability performance. This research addresses this knowledge gap. The research first theorises a model integrating these four major constructs (sustainability practices, LP, PI, and sustainability performance) through hypotheses development. Subsequently, using structural equation modelling, it is tested whether each of sustainability practices, LP, and PI effect sustainability performances. Additionally, mediating effect of LP and PI between sustainability practices and performances is derived. The study uses data from 119 SMEs within manufacturing industries in the Midlands, United Kingdom. Further, a few case studies have been undertaken to validate the findings from quantitative analysis. The overall results show that although sustainability practices, LP, and PI help achieve sustainability performance of SMEs supply chain through efficiency and responsiveness respectively, the mediating effect LP is more compared with PI. Moreover, SMEs adopt LP when they are economy focused and implement PI when they are pressurised by customers and/or policymakers.
Pt/ZSM‐22 with Partially Filled Micropore Channels as Excellent Shape‐Selective Hydroisomerization Catalyst
Authors: Lv Guang , Wang Congxin , Wang Ping , Sun Lei , Liu Hao , Qu Wei , Wang Donge , Ma Huaijun , Tian Zhijian 
Published: January 2019

AbstractPt/ZSM‐22 with partially filled micropore channels (Pt/Z22‐PF) was prepared through a facile in‐situ coke deposition approach. Compared with conventional Pt/ZSM‐22 with evacuated micropore channels (Pt/Z22‐E), Pt/Z22‐PF exhibits much higher activity and isomer yield in n‐dodecane hydroisomerization. Specifically, the turnover frequency of n‐dodecane and the maximum multibranched isomer yield on Pt/Z22‐PF are about twice that on Pt/Z22‐E (314 vs. 144 h−1, 49 % vs. 29 %). Theoretical simulations and adsorption experiments demonstrate that the diffusion limitation of hydrocarbon and the accessibility of acid sites inside the micropore channels are reduced dramatically because of the partial fill. This is beneficial for the diffusion of alkene intermediates and the suppression of cracking reactions, resulting in a superior activity and high yield of isomers, especially multibranched isomers.
2H and 13C NMR‐Based Enantiodetection Using Polyacetylene versus Polypeptide Aligning Media: Versatile and Complementary Tools for Chemists
Authors: Lesot Philippe , Berdagué Philippe , Meddour Abdelkrim , Kreiter Alexander , Noll Markus , Reggelin Michael 
Published: January 2019

AbstractInvited for this month's cover are the collaborating groups of Dr. Philippe Lesot (DR CNRS) at Université Paris‐Sud/Université Paris‐Saclay, France, and Professor Michael Reggelin at TU Darmstadt, Germany. The cover shows the proton‐decoupled natural abundance deuterium (NAD‐{1H}) Q‐resolved Fz 2D‐NMR spectrum of (±)‐3‐methylhexane measured in the anisotropic lyotropic chiral liquid‐crystalline phase formed by a concentrated solution of a helically chiral polyarylacetylene in chloroform solvent. Seventeen out of the twenty possible deuterium quadrupolar doublets are observed, demonstrating the enormous enantiodifferentiating capability of the system, even for an unfunctionalized chiral alkane. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/cplu.201800493.
Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting with p‐Type Metal Oxide Semiconductor Photocathodes
Authors: Jang Youn Jeong , Lee Jae Sung 
Published: January 2019

AbstractPhotoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting is a promising way to produce clean and sustainable hydrogen fuel. Solar hydrogen production by using p‐type metal oxide semiconductor photocathodes has not been studied as extensively as that with n‐type metal oxide semiconductor photoanodes and p‐type photovoltaic‐grade non‐oxide semiconductor photocathodes. Copper‐based oxide photocathodes show relatively good conductivity, but suffer from instability in aqueous solution under illumination, whereas iron‐based metal oxide photocathodes demonstrate more stable PEC performance but have problems in charge separation and transport. Herein, an overview of recent progress in p‐type metal oxide‐based photocathodes for PEC water reduction is provided. Although these materials have not been fully developed to reach their potential performance, the challenges involved have been identified and strategies to overcome these limitations have been proposed. Future research in this field should address these issues and challenges in addition to the discovery of new materials.
Biexponential T1ρ relaxation mapping of human knee menisci
Authors: Baboli Rahman , Sharafi Azadeh , Chang Gregory , Regatte Ravinder R. 
Published: January 2019

BackgroundMeasuring T1ρ in the knee menisci can potentially be used as noninvasive biomarkers in detecting early‐stage osteoarthritis (OA).PurposeTo demonstrate the feasibility of biexponential T1ρ relaxation mapping of human knee menisci.Study TypeProspective.PopulationEight healthy volunteers with no known inflammation, trauma, or pain in the knee and three symptomatic subjects with early knee OA.Field Strength/SequenceCustomized Turbo‐FLASH sequence to acquire 3D‐T1ρ‐weighted images on a 3 T MRI scanner.AssessmentT1ρ relaxation values were assessed in 11 meniscal regions of interest (ROIs) using monoexponential and biexponential models.Statistical TestsNonparametric rank‐sum tests, Kruskal–Wallis test, and coefficient of variation.ResultsThe mean monoexponential T1ρ relaxation in the lateral menisci were 28.05 ± 4.2 msec and 37.06 ± 10.64 msec for healthy subjects and early knee OA patients, respectively, while the short and long components were 8.07 ± 0.5 msec and 72.35 ± 3.2 msec for healthy subjects and 2.63 ± 2.99 msec and 55.27 ± 24.76 msec for early knee OA patients, respectively. The mean monoexponential T1ρ relaxation in the medial menisci were 34.30 ± 3.8 msec and 37.26 ± 11.38 msec for healthy and OA patients, respectively, while the short and long components were 7.76 ± 0.7 msec and 72.19 ± 4.2 msec for healthy subjects and 3.06 ± 3.24 msec and 55.27 ± 24.59 msec for OA patients, respectively. Statistically significant (P ≤ 0.05) differences were observed in the monoexponential relaxation between some of the ROIs. The T1ρ,short was significantly lower (P = 0.02) in the patients than controls. The rmsCV% ranges were 1.51–16.6%, 3.59–14.3%, and 4.91–15.6% for T1ρ‐mono, T1ρ‐short, and T1ρ‐long, respectively.Data ConclusionOur results showed that in all ROIs, T1ρ relaxation times of outer zones (red zones) were less than inner zones (white zones). Monoexponential T1ρ was increased in medial, lateral, and body menisci of early OA while the biexponential numbers were decreased in early OA patients.Level of Evidence: 2Technical Efficacy Stage: 1J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2019. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2019;50:824–835.
Biodegradation of Petroleum Oil Effluents and Production of Biosurfactants: Effect of Initial Oil Concentration
Authors: Mostafa Nagat Abdalla , Tayeb Aghareed M. , Mohamed Olfat Abdalla , Farouq Rania 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBiosurfactants have been used in the petroleum oil industry for oil storage tank cleaning, for reducing the viscosity of heavy oil, thereby facilitating recovery, transportation, and pipelining. Also, they are used for microbial enhanced oil recovery either from residual oil in reservoirs or from oily wastewater. The present study is an investigation of biodegradation of petroleum oil effluents using Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9027 for producing rhamnolipid biosurfactants. The processes were performed in a mechanically agitated, fully baffled, air‐sparged 10 L glass fermenter with a 5 L working volume. The effect of oil concentration (1%, 1.5%, 2%, and 2.5%) on the efficiency of oil biodegradation, rhamnolipid production, surface tension, and bacterial biomass was studied. The fermentation with 1.5% oil concentration gave the highest biodegradation for aliphatic hydrocarbons (98.85%), followed by 2% oil concentration (95% degradation), then with 2.5% oil concentration (80% degradation), and finally with 1% oil concentration (66.8% degradation). Also, the complete biodegradation of polyaromatic hydrocarbons was achieved for all tested oil concentrations. On the other hand, maximum rhamnolipid production of 2.7 g L−1 as rhamnose equivalent and lower surface tension (30.2 mN m−1) were achieved at 2% oil concentration.
Pathological mechanisms of laryngeal papillomatosis based on laryngeal epithelial characteristics
Authors: Kurita Takashi , Chitose Shun‐ichi , Sato Kiminori , Sakazaki Tomo , Fukahori Mioko , Sueyoshi Shintaro , Umeno Hirohito 
Published: January 2019

ObjectivesHuman papillomavirus (HPV) infects basal cells of the stratified squamous epithelium through micro epithelial trauma. However, laryngeal papillomatosis commonly appears in any site on the laryngeal mucosa not covered by stratified squamous epithelium. The purpose of this study is to clarify pathological mechanisms of laryngeal papillomatosis based on the characteristics of the laryngeal epithelium.Study DesignMorphological and immunohistochemical study.MethodsLarynges from one newborn and two adults were used. Morphological differences in the laryngeal squamo‐ciliary junction (lSCJ) were compared to those in the cervical squamo‐columnar junction (cSCJ) in a resected cervix uterus. Morphological characteristics of laryngeal epithelial distribution were also compared between the newborn and adult larynges. Immunohistochemical evaluations were performed using p63 (an epithelial stem‐cell marker) and integrin‐α6 (a cellular HPV receptor).ResultsMorphological differences were noted between the lSCJ and the cSCJ. The lSCJ was present in the adult, but not the newborn supraglottis. Goblet cells in the pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium were also found in the adult but not the newborn larynx. In addition, basal cells of the stratified squamous epithelium as well as the pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium expressed p63 and integrin‐α6 in both newborn and adult larynges.ConclusionsHPV can infect any immature laryngeal epithelium with or without the lSCJ. Squamous metaplasia of pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium with a latent HPV infection can also cause tumorigenesis.Level of EvidenceN/A
A Review on Bioengineering Approaches to Insulin Delivery: A Pharmaceutical and Engineering Perspective
Authors: Baghban Taraghdari Zahra , Imani Rana , Mohabatpour Fatemeh 
Published: January 2019

AbstractDiabetes mellitus (DM) is the most prevalent non‐contagious disease, which has affected a large number of people all over the world. Among all treatments known to have a positive influence in the control of DM, insulin therapy is the most common and effective one. Nowadays, various methods of insulin delivery are under investigation, which are able to reach a plausible bioavailability with ignorable side effects instead of insulin injection. This article presents a comprehensive review of the insulin therapy approach with a focus on modified methods in insulin delivery strategies and current advances in engineered insulin delivery systems.
Alkanes with the First Three Maximal/Minimal Modified First Zagreb Connection Indices
Authors: Du Zhibin , Ali Akbar , Trinajstić Nenad 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe modified first Zagreb connection index (
) is a molecular descriptor, which was initially appeared within a formula of the total electron energy of alternant hydrocarbons in 1972. In a recent paper [A. Ali, N. Trinajstić, A novel/old modification of the first Zagreb index, Mol. Inform. 37 (2018) 1800008], it was observed that the molecular descriptor
correlates well with the entropy and acentric factor of octane isomers. In this article, the molecules with the first three maximal
values as well as the first three minimal
values are determined from the family of all alkanes with n carbon atoms, for
. This extends the main results of the aforementioned paper.
Proactive multipurpose health risk screening in health care settings: Methods, design, and reach
Authors: Guertler Diana , Moehring Anne , Krause Kristian , Eck Sandra , Batra Anil , Chenot Jean‐François , Freyer‐Adam Jennis , Ulbricht Sabina , Rumpf Hans‐Jürgen , Bischof Gallus , John Ulrich , Meyer Christian 
Published: January 2019

AbstractObjectivesReal world implementation of proactive screening and brief intervention in health care is threatened by high cost. Using e‐health interventions and screening for multiple health risk factors may provide more efficiency. We describe methodological details of a proactive multipurpose health risk screening in health care settings and report on participation rates, participants' characteristics, and participation factors.MethodsPatients between 18 and 64 years from ambulatory practices and hospitals were proactively approached by study assistants at three sites for a computerized screening on harmful alcohol and tobacco consumption, depressive symptoms, insufficient fruit/vegetable consumption, physical inactivity and overweight. On the basis of their health risk pattern, a computerized algorithm allocated patients to one of five studies each of them addressing a psychiatric research question.ResultsAmong all eligible patients, 13,763 (86.5%) were screened. Younger age and being female predicted screening participation. Of those with complete data (n = 12,828), 82.9% reported at least two health risks and 34.0% were eligible for a study. Study participation ranged between 35.2% and 50.8%, and was associated with socio‐demographics and problem severity.ConclusionsThis study supports the use of systematic proactive screening for multiple health risks in health care settings as it is more resource‐saving than single focused screening.
Mechanized tunneling induced ground movement and its dependency on the tunnel volume loss and soil properties
Authors: Zhao Chenyang , Alimardani Lavasan Arash , Barciaga Thomas , Schanz Tom 
Published: January 2019

SummaryThis study investigates the ground movements due to mechanized tunnel excavation by applying two‐dimensional finite element analyses. To assess the contribution of the compressibility and plasticity of the soil on the ground movements, different constitutive models are employed to describe the soil behavior. The influence of volume loss around the tunnel on the surface volume loss is investigated, and a quadratic correlation between them is proposed. Consequently, the empirical Gaussian distribution curve, which is generally used to determine the tunneling induced settlement trough, is improved by applying the proposed quadratic correlation between surface volume loss and tunnel volume loss. Furthermore, the settlement trough width parameter has been derived by a linear function of tunnel volume loss as well. The proposed equations are validated via a case study of centrifuge tests from the literature. The results show that the proposed modification enhances the empirical solution by having better knowledge on the model parameters. Additionally, tunnel overburden and coefficient of lateral earth pressure at rest (K0) are taken into account to study their influence on the tunneling induced surface settlements. Finally, global sensitivity analysis is applied to evaluate the relative importance of corresponding model parameters in terms of their influence on the ground movements.