bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PENERAPAN METODE ALGORITMA ID3 UNTUK PREDIKSI DIAGNOSA GAGAL GINJAL KRONIS (STUDI KASUS: RSUD SEKARWANGI SUKABUMI)
Authors: Wajhillah Rusda 
Published: May 2019

<p><em>The Iterative Dichotomiser 3 (ID3) algorithm is part of the classification method and is a type of method that can map or separate two or more different classes. One of the problems that can be solved using algorithm ID3 is the prediction of the diagnosis of chronic kidney disease. Chronic kidney disease is a failure of kidney function to maintain metabolism and fluid and electrolyte balance. Based on the classification performance measurement from 230 data training shows that the accuracy value reaches 96,08%. It can be concluded that the method of ID3 Algorithm is feasible to be used in predictive data on chronic kidney disease (CKD).</em></p><p><em><strong>Keywords</strong>: ID3 Algortihm, Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), Accuracy</em></p><p><em>Algoritma Iterative Dichotomiser 3 (ID3) adalah bagian dari metode klasifikasi dan merupakan jenis metode yang dapat memetakan atau memisahkan dua atau lebih class yang berbeda. Salah satu masalah yang dapat dipecahkan dengan menggunakan algoritma ID3 adalah prediksi diagnosa gagal ginjal kronis. Gagal ginjal kronis adalah kegagalan fungsi ginjal untuk mempertahankan metabolisme serta keseimbangan cairan dan elektrolit. Berdasarkan pengukuran kinerja klasifikasi dari data training 230 data menunjukkan bahwa nilai akurasi mencapai 96,08%. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa metode Algoritma ID3 layak untuk digunakan pada penelitian prediksi data gagal ginjal kronis (GGK)</em></p><p><em><strong>Kata Kunci</strong>: Algoritma ID3, Gagal Ginjal Kronis (GGK), Akurasi</em></p><p><em> </em></p>
VEGF-and EGF-mediated cooperation of eosinophilic granulocytes and tumor cells in gastric and colon cancer
Authors: Kolobovnikova Yu. V. , Yankovich K. I. , Romanova E. V. , Dmitrieva A. I. , Urazova O. I. , Novitskii V. V. , Poletika V. S. 
Published: May 2019

Aim of the research – to analyze secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) by blood eosinophilic granulocytes in vitro, together with an expression of VEGFR and EGFR in tumor tissue in gastric and colon cancer in association with tissue eosinophilia.Materials and methods. A total of 52 patients with gastric cancer and 50 patients with colon cancer were examined. The material of the research included supernatants of eosinophil cultures and samples of malignant tumors tissues of the stomach and colon. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to determine the contents of VEGF and EGF in the eosinophil culture supernatants in vitro. The expression of VEGFR and EGFR in tumor tissue was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. The results were analyzed by statistical methods.Results. An increase in basal and r-IL-5-induced secretion of VEGF by eosinophilic granulocytes of blood in vitro was found in patients with gastric cancer accompanied by tissue eosinophilia. The concentration of EGF in the culture of blood eosinophils in vitro with the addition of r-IL-5 increased in patients with eosinophilic infiltration of tumor tissue, regardless of the localization of the pathological process,both in patients with gastric cancer and colon cancer. Eosinophilic infiltration of the tumor tissue in gastric cancer and colon cancer was combined with hypo-expression of EGFR by tumor cells; VEGFR receptor expression was not dependent on the presence of eosinophilic granulocytes in the tissue of tumors.Conclusion. Hypersecretion of vascular endothelial growth factor VEGF and epidermal growth factor EGF (upon stimulation with r-IL-5) by blood eosinophils in vitro in patients with gastric and colon cancer with tissue eosinophilia indicates an increase in the activity of these cells. Deficiency of expression of VEGF and EGFR receptors in tumor tissue causes violation of cooperative interaction of eosinophilic granulocytes and tumor cells in malignant tumors of the stomach and large intestine.
PERAN GREEN SUKUK DALAM MEMPERKOKOH POSISI INDONESIA DI PASAR KEUANGAN SYARIAH GLOBAL
Authors: Anggraini Yulia 
Published: May 2019

Abstract: This research was motivated by the development of sukuk in Indonesia from an international perspective in 2016 which gave positive results. Where Indonesia is the big issuer of sukuk with a total issuance of USD 10, 5 billion from the total issuance of sukuk by the government from all over the world. In the midst of the development of sukuk instruments, there are also instruments such as green bonds that offer investments in environmental development. With the presence of green bonds as investment instruments in the environment, a sharia investment instrument has emerged which has the same concentration as a green bond. The instrument is then called green sukuk. Indonesia is listed as a pioneer in the issuance of green bonds in the Southeast Asia region. The purpose of this study is to identify the potential of sukuk green publishing in Indonesia to strengthen Indonesia's position in the global sharia financial market. This study uses a qualitative approach using historical methods. الملخص: يتم تحفيز هذا البحث من خلال نظرة إيجابية من المنظور الدولي حول تطوير الصكوك في إندونيسيا في عام 2016. حيث تعد إندونيسيا المصدر الكبير للصكوك بإجمالي ,510 دولارات أمريكية من إجمالي إصدارات الصكوك من قبل الحكومة من جميع أنحاء العالم. في خضم تطوير أدوات الصكوك، هناك أدوات مثل green bond التي تقدم استثمارات في التنمية البيئية.بعد وجود هذه الأدوات كأداة استثمار في البيئة ، تظهر أداة استثمار الشريعة التي لها نفس تركيز له يسمى الصكوك الخضراء green sukuk. ومن هنا تم إدراج إندونيسيا كرائد في إصدار السندات الخضراء في منطقة جنوب شرق آسيا. الغرض من هذه الدراسة هو تحديد إمكانات النشر الأخضر للصكوك في إندونيسيا لتعزيز مكانة إندونيسيا في السوق المالية الشرعية العالمية. تستخدم هذه الدراسة منهجًا كميًا باستخدام الطريقة التاريخية.. Abstrak: Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh adanya perkembangan sukuk di Indonesia dari kacamata internasional pada tahun 2016 yang memberikan hasil positif. Dimana Indonesia merupakan the big issuer sukuk dengan total penerbitan USD 10, 5 Milyar dari total penerbitan sukuk oleh pemerintah dari seluruh dunia. Ditengah perkembangan instrumen sukuk telah hadir juga instrumen berupa green bond yang menawarkan investasi pada pembangunan lingkungan. Dengan hadirnya green bond sebagai instrumen investasi pada lingkungan telah muncul sebuah instrumen investasi syariah yang konsentrasinya sama dengan green bond. Instrumen tersebut kemudian disebut green sukuk. Indonesia tercatat sebagai pionir dalam penerbitan obligasi hijau di kawasan Asia Tenggara. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi potensi penerbitan green sukuk di Indonesia memperkokoh posisi Indonesia di pasar keuangan syariah global. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode historis.
In vitro activity of methylene blue and EMB agar on colistin-resistant A.baumannii: An experimental study
Authors: Gazel Deniz , Otkun Müşerref Tatman , Akçalı Alper 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Background

Colistin is one of the last resort antibiotics used against carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (AB); however, colistin resistance has been reported recently. Methylene blue (MB) is used in microbiology for staining, and in medicine as an antidote drug. Here, we investigated antimicrobial effects of MB and Eosin Methylene blue (EMB) agar against colistin-resistant AB strains.

Methods

The AB ATCC 19606 strain and 31 AB clinical isolates were included in the study. In the first round, ATCC strain and a clinical isolate were transformed into colistin-resistant forms, using Li's method, with increasing colistin concentrations. At each step, new MICs were determined and subcultures were inoculated to EMB and sheep blood agar (SBA). The colistin MIC values of the subcultures were also determined using Mueller Hinton Agar (MHA) containing 14 µg/mL MB. In the second round, colistin resistant clones of all collected clinical isolates (n=31) were obtained and screened to investigate their susceptibility to EMB agar by inoculating on SBA and EMB agar.

Results

At the beginning, the MICs of two strains were 0.5 µg/mL. At the last stage, both MICs had risen to 64 µg/mL. Subpopulations with high colistin resistance (>=32 µg/mL) were inhibited by MB and EMB agar, but could grow well on SBA. In MHA plates containing MB, the MICs decreased to the 0.5 µg/mL level for colistin-susceptible or moderately resistant clones. Additionally, clones with high colistin resistance showed atypical colony morphology on SBA. In the second round, MICs of the colistin resistant clones of all clinical isolates rose to 8 µg/mL after colistin exposure and 35% of those clinical isolates were inhibited by EMB agar while they could grow on SBA.

Conclusion

Highly resistant strains were totally inhibited by the effect of MB and EMB agar, while the MICs of the susceptible and moderate resistant clones decreased. EMB agar and MB may have inhibitory effects against colistin-resistant AB strains and MB may have a potential to be used as an antimicrobial drug. Secondly, using only EMB agar for subculturing may cause missing of colistin-resistant strains and giving incorrect identification or antibiogram reports in clinical microbiology laboratories.
Immunoliposomes in Acute Myeloid Leukaemia Therapy: An Overview of Possible Targets and Obstacles
Authors: Singh Aditi , Myklebust Nikolai Norevik , Furevik Sarah Marie Vie , Haugse Ragnhild , Herfindal Lars 
Published: May 2019

:Acute Myeloid Leukaemia (AML) is the neoplastic transformation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells (HSC) and relapsed disease is a major challenge in the treatment. Despite technological advances in the field of medicine and our heightened knowledge regarding the pathogenesis of AML, the initial therapy of “7+3” Cytarabine and Daunorubicin has remained mainly unchanged since 1973. AML is a disease of the elderly, and increased morbidity in this patient group does not allow the full use of the treatment and drug-resistant relapse is common.:Nanocarriers are drug-delivery systems that can be used to transport drugs to the bone marrow and target Leukemic Stem Cells (LSC), conferring less side-effects compared to the free-drug alternative. Nanocarriers also can be used to favour the transport of drugs that otherwise would not have been used clinically due to toxicity and poor efficacy. Liposomes are a type of nanocarrier that can be used as a dedicated drug delivery system, which can also have active ligands on the surface in order to interact with antigens on the target cells or tissues. In addition to using small molecules, it is possible to attach antibodies to the liposome surface, generating so-called immunoliposomes. By using immunoliposomes as a drug-delivery system, it is possible to minimize the toxic side effects caused by the chemotherapeutic drug on healthy organs, and at the same time direct the drugs towards the remaining AML blasts and stem cells.:This article aims to explore the possibilities of using immunoliposomes as a drug carrier in AML therapy. Emphasis will be on possible target molecules on the AML cells, leukaemic stem cells, as well as bone marrow constituents relevant to AML therapy. Further, some conditions and precautions that must be met for immunoliposomes to be used in AML therapy will be discussed.
PP2A Phosphatases Take a Giant Leap in the Post-Genomics Era
Authors: Bheri Malathi , Pandey Girdhar K. 
Published: May 2019

Background:
Protein phosphorylation is an important reversible post-translational modification,
which regulates a number of critical cellular processes. Phosphatases and kinases work in a
concerted manner to act as a “molecular switch” that turns-on or - off the regulatory processes driving
the growth and development under normal circumstances, as well as responses to multiple stresses in
plant system. The era of functional genomics has ushered huge amounts of information to the framework
of plant systems. The comprehension of who’s who in the signaling pathways is becoming
clearer and the investigations challenging the conventional functions of signaling components are on a
rise. Protein phosphatases have emerged as key regulators in the signaling cascades. PP2A phosphatases
due to their diverse holoenzyme compositions are difficult to comprehend.

Conclusion:
In this review, we highlight the functional versatility of PP2A members, deciphered
through the advances in the post-genomic era.
Varlitinib Mediates Its Activity Through Down Regulating MAPK/EGFR Pathway in Oral Cancer
Authors: Usman Muhammad , Tanveer Fariha , Ilyas Amber , Zarina Shamshad 
Published: May 2019

Background:
Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) is a major sub-type of oral cancer
that shares 90% proportion of oral cavity cancers. It is declared as the sixth most frequent cancer
among all cancer types throughout the world. Higher morbidity in Asian countries is reported due to
frequent use of Smokeless Tobacco (SLT) products besides exposure to other risk factors. Hyperactivation
of epidermal growth factor receptors is a molecular event in many solid tumors including
oral cancer making them potential therapeutic targets.

Objective:
Current study was designed to explore the effect of varlitinib, a pan-HER inhibitor, on oral
cancer cell line. We investigated key regulatory genes in downstream pathway in response to drug
treatment. Furthermore, we also examined expression profile of these genes in malignant and healthy
oral tissue.

Method:
Gene expression pattern in drug treated and untreated cancer cell line along with OSCC tumor
samples (n=45) and adjacent normal tissues was studied using real time PCR.

Results:
In response to varlitinib treatment, significant suppression of oncogenes (IGF1R, MAPK1,
SFN and CDK2) was observed. Interestingly, mRNA expression level of CDKN1A and Akt1 was found
to be the opposite of what was expected. In case of malignant tissue, over expression of oncogenes
(IGF1R, Akt1, MAPK1, SFN and CDK2) with simultaneous down expression of tumor suppressor
genes (Tp53 and CDKN1A) was noted. STRING analysis indicated a strong association among differentially
expressed genes suggesting their combined role in carcinogenesis.

Conclusion:
In summary, our results indicate that varlitinib can be considered as a potential therapeutic
agent in oral cancer due to its antitumor potential.
Monobactams: A Unique Natural Scaffold of Four-Membered Ring Skeleton, Recent Development to Clinically Overcome Infections by Multidrug- Resistant Microbes
Authors: El-Shorbagi Abdel Nasser , Chaudhary Sachin 
Published: May 2019

Background:Monobactam antibiotics have been testified to demonstrate significant antibacterial activity especially the treatment of infections by superbug microbes. Recently, research has been focused on the structural modifications, and new generation of this privileged natural scaffold.Objective:Efforts have been made to discover the structure-antibacterial relationship of monbactams in order to avoid the aimless work involving the ongoing generated analogues. This review aims to summarize the current knowledge and development of monobactams as a broad-spectrum antibacterial scaffolds. The recent structural modifications that expand the activity, especially in the infections by resistant-strains, combinational therapies and dosing, as well as the possibility of crosshypersensitivity/ reactivity/tolerability with penicillins and cephalosporins will also be summarized and inferred. Different approaches will be covered with emphasis on chemical methods and Structure- Activity Relationship (SAR), in addition to the proposed mechanisms of action. Clinical investigation of monobactams tackling various aspects will not be missed in this review.Conclusion:The conclusion includes the novels approaches, that could be followed to design new research projects and reduce the pitfalls in the future development of monobactams.
Recent Advances in Water Treatment Using Graphene-based Materials
Authors: Khaligh Nader Ghaffari , Johan Mohd Rafie 
Published: May 2019

:
A variety of processes were reported for efficient removing of heavy metal from
wastewater, including but not limited to ion exchange, reverse osmosis, membrane filtration, flotation,
coagulation, chemical precipitation, solvent extraction, electrochemical treatments, evaporation,
oxidation, adsorption, and biosorption. Among the aforementioned techniques, adsorption/ion exchange
has been known as a most important method for removing heavy metal ions and organic pollutants
due to great removal performance, simple and easy process, cost-effectiveness and the considerable
choice of adsorbent materials.

:
Nanotechnology and its applications have been developed in most branches of science and technology.
Extensive studies have been conducted to remove heavy metal ions from wastewater by preparation
and applications of various nanomaterials. Nanomaterials offer advantages in comparison to other
materials including an extremely high specific surface area, low-temperature modification, short
intraparticle diffusion distance, numerous associated sorption sites, tunable surface chemistry, and
pore size. In order to evaluate an adsorbent, two key parameters are: the adsorption capacity and the
desorption property. The adsorption parameters including the absorbent loading, pH and temperature,
concentration of heavy metal ion, ionic strength, and competition among metal ions are often studied
and optimized.

:
Several reviews have been published on the application of Graphene (G), Graphene Oxide (GO) in
water treatment. In this minireview, we attempted to summarize the recent research advances in water
treatment and remediation process by graphene-based materials and provide intensive knowledge
of the removal of pollutants in batch and flow systems. Finally, future applicability perspectives are
offered to encourage more interesting developments in this promising field. This minireview does not
include patent literature.
Rapid Lava Sand Filtration for Decentralized Produced Water Treatment System in Old Oil Well Wonocolo
Authors: Yogafanny Ekha 
Published: May 2019

The Cepu Block Oil Field has been traditionally extracted since 2008 by the local community in Wonocolo. The oil well-produced gas and fluids consisted of crude oil and produced water. This oil production activity discharges high amounts of produced water. The fluids have been settled down in the sedimentation tank to gain the crude oil optimally. The remaining fluid called produced water has been discharged to the surface towards the river without any further treatment. This activity led to the deterioration of environmental quality. This study aimed to analyze the performance of produced water treatment by rapid sand filtration by measuring the degree of turbidity removal under the specific condition on a laboratory scale using lava sand. The sedimentation was conducted in 3 hours of retention time following the real field condition of the oil production process by community in one sample well. The rapid sand filtration was conducted by a fixed bed column method with 0.2 cm of grain size. The sedimentation process followed by the rapid sand filtration in produced water treatment yielded the high efficiency of turbidity removal reaching 98.65 %. The rapid sand filter also worked excellently in turbidity removal attaining 96.48 % of efficiency. These results confirmed that the sedimentation already done by the community followed by the rapid sand filtration is promising decentralized technology to be applied in a remote area such as Old Oil Wells Wonocolo regarding turbidity removal.
Complications and associated healthcare costs of transvenous cardiac pacemakers in Germany
Authors: Ludwig Saskia , Theis Cathrin , Wolff Claudia , Nicolle Emmanuelle , Witthohn Andreas , Götte Andreas 
Published: May 2019

Aim:This study evaluated the occurrence and associated costs of pacemaker complications in Germany from 2010 to 2013.Patients & methods:Patients with ade novoor replacement implantation of a single or dual chamber pacemaker between 2010 and 2013 were followed for 12 months post-implant using German health insurance claims data. A case–control analysis was performed using propensity score matching to estimate the costs of complications.Results:Out of 12,922 implanted patients, 12.0% had a complication in the year following the implant. Complications related to lead and pocket were found in 10.2% of all implanted patients; infections occurred in 1.7% patients. Healthcare costs up to 36 months post complication were on average €4627 higher than for pacemaker patients without a complication.Conclusion:Pacemaker complications are common and represent a burden for patients and healthcare systems generating substantial costs. Most of the pacemaker complications involved the pacing lead or pacemaker pocket.
Asociación entre el uso de medios tecnológicos y algunas alteraciones del sueño
Authors: Rojas Flores Orquídea Azucena , Palomino Morales Lorena Guadalupe , Romero Villalobos Ricardo , Benítez Moreno Aline , Reyes Jiménez Nancy , Regalado Ruiz Luis Alberto 
Published: May 2019

Existen trastornos del sueño por alteración del ritmo circadiano regulado por diversos centros nerviosos que son influidos por factores psicológicos, hormonales y de hábitos del sueño. Dichos pueden comprometer el rendimiento académico, provocar accidentes laborales, alteraciones del afecto y desempeño social. Hoy en día, en México y en el resto del mundo se vive rodeado de tecnología y en los adultos jóvenes se presenta más su uso. El objetivo de esta investigación es determinar la asociación entre el uso de medios tecnológicos y la presencia de somnolencia, insomnio y alteración en la calidad del sueño en los estudiantes de la Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala. Método: estudio epidemiológico, con enfoque cuantitativo, prospectivo, transversal, analítico. Se realizó en abril del 2015, con estudiantes de las seis carreras, entre los 18 a 25 años. Se aplicaron cuatro instrumentos que valoraron el uso de medios tecnológicos, insomnio, somnolencia y calidad de sueño en escala Likert. Resultados: Se observó que el insomnio y la alteración en la calidad de sueño no se asociaron con la exposición a uso de medios tecnológicos, sin embargo la somnolencia si se asocia con este factor de exposición, observamos que el sexo femenino tiene mayor predisposición a presentar somnolencia en comparación con el sexo masculino. Conclusión: Existe asociación estadísticamente significativa entre la somnolencia con el uso de medios tecnológicos, sin embargo existen otros factores que influyen en el resultado, y es necesario explorarlo en futuras investigaciones.