bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optoelectronic and charge transport properties of the complex of carbon nanotube with perylene bisimide
Authors: Joshi Ankita , Ramachandran C. N. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIn the present study we carried out an investigation on the structure and properties of the complex formed by adsorbing perylene bisimide (PBI) on the surface of (6,6) carbon nanotube (CNT) by employing different dispersion‐corrected density functionals (B97D, B3LYP‐GD3, and ωB97XD), which showed the complex as stable. The contribution of various components of interaction energy follows the order: dispersion > electrostatic > induction. The lower ionization energy of CNT and the higher electron affinity of PBI revealed that they constitute a donor‐acceptor system. Electron density distribution of the frontier molecular orbitals of complex confirmed the photoinduced charge transfer. The charge transport properties of the complex indicated higher hole mobility than electron mobility making it suitable to be used as p‐type transistor. The absorption spectrum of the complex showed absorption in the near ultraviolet‐visible‐near infrared regions of the electromagnetic spectrum suggesting it useful for solar cells.
Automated crop plant detection based on the fusion of color and depth images for robotic weed control
Authors: Gai Jingyao , Tang Lie , Steward Brian L. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractRobotic weeding enables weed control near or within crop rows automatically, precisely and effectively. A computer‐vision system was developed for detecting crop plants at different growth stages for robotic weed control. Fusion of color images and depth images was investigated as a means of enhancing the detection accuracy of crop plants under conditions of high weed population. In‐field images of broccoli and lettuce were acquired 3–27 days after transplanting with a Kinect v2 sensor. The image processing pipeline included data preprocessing, vegetation pixel segmentation, plant extraction, feature extraction, feature‐based localization refinement, and crop plant classification. For the detection of broccoli and lettuce, the color‐depth fusion algorithm produced high true‐positive detection rates (91.7% and 90.8%, respectively) and low average false discovery rates (1.1% and 4.0%, respectively). Mean absolute localization errors of the crop plant stems were 26.8 and 7.4 mm for broccoli and lettuce, respectively. The fusion of color and depth was proved beneficial to the segmentation of crop plants from background, which improved the average segmentation success rates from 87.2% (depth‐based) and 76.4% (color‐based) to 96.6% for broccoli, and from 74.2% (depth‐based) and 81.2% (color‐based) to 92.4% for lettuce, respectively. The fusion‐based algorithm had reduced performance in detecting crop plants at early growth stages.
Thermoreversible Fibrous Hydrogel of Benzene‐Centered Tris‐dodecylimidazolium Bromide: A Dual Role as Stabilizer and Directing Agent for Silver Dendrites.
Authors: Rondla Rohini , Malikanti Ramesh , Puchakayala Muralidhar Reddy 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBenzene centered tris‐alkylimidazolium bromide salts, denoted as BTIm(R)3Br3 ; where R=C12H25 and C14H29 have been prepared and structurally characterised. The hydrogelation ability and stabilizer role of these salts for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) via chemical reduction method is described. A worth note that the BTIm(C12)3Br3 compound could lead a thermoreversible fibrous‐hydrogel in water, which plays a dual role as stabilizer and directing agent for silver dendritic nanostructures. While the partial‐hydrogel of BTIm(C12)3Br3 contributes silver nanospheres. The non‐gel solutions of BTIm(C12)3Br3 in dichloromethane, and BTIm(C14)3Br3 in water as stabilizers did not show control over the shape of AgNPs, and they lead mixed morphology. The experimental conditions, i. e. temperature, heating‐cooling process and the physical state of the stabilizer play a key role in the thermoreversible hydrogel and partial‐hydrogel control over the morphology of Ag nanostructures. Overall, the outcome of the present study provides new possibility for the use of thermoreversible fibrous gels to prepare Ag dendrites.
Quasistructural molecules
Authors: Császár Attila G. , Fábri Csaba , Sarka János 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe concept of quasistructural molecules is introduced. For quasistructural molecules (a) the notion of a static equilibrium structure, corresponding to a minimum on the potential energy surface of the molecule, loses its strict meaning, (b) internal nuclear motions (rotations and vibrations) become dominant, resulting in an effective molecular structure often even qualitatively different from the equilibrium one, (c) separation of the internal nuclear motions breaks down, rotational and vibrational degrees of freedom cannot be separated from each other when interpreting even the lowest rovibrational eigenstates of the molecule, often resulting in effective rotational constants drastically different from the equilibrium ones even for the ground vibrational eigenstate, (d) classification of the rovibrational states requires the use of permutation‐inversion symmetry and molecular‐symmetry groups, and (e) some of the rovibrational eigenenergies assigned to a vibrational parent state exhibit unconventional (in the most striking cases “negative”) rotational contributions. Molecules showing quasistructural behavior include neutral species, such as dimethyl acetylene, charged species, such as and , van der Waals complexes, such as CH4·H2O, and molecular complexes held together by halogen bonds, like CF3Cl·CH3F.This article is categorized under:

Structure and Mechanism > Molecular Structures
Theoretical and Physical Chemistry > Spectroscopy
Software > Quantum Chemistry
Research on multifractal dimension and improved gray relation theory for intelligent satellite signal recognition
Authors: Zhang Zhen , Li Yibing , Qi Lin 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIn the wake of the development and advancement of signal processing technology for communication radiation source individual, Signal fingerprint feature extraction and analysis technology for communication radiation source individual has broad application prospects in many fields.
To effectively extract the individual characteristics of different modulated signals under low SNR environment, and recognize the subtle features for communication radiation source individuals has been a hot spot. Aiming at the problem of signal feature extraction and classifier design under low SNR environment, in the paper, a multifractal dimension and improved gray relation theory based classifier design algorithm is proposed. Firstly, the multifractal dimension feature extraction of nine modulated communication signals is realized. Then multifractal dimension features of these modulated signals under different SNR are compared. An improved gray relation algorithm is used to recognize the extracted subtle characteristics. Meanwhile, FSK signal is used to simulate radio subtle features by adding different distribution of noise. Subtle feature extraction by means of multifractal dimension algorithm and pattern recognition by means of improved gray relation algorithm are used to test the effectiveness of the proposed method for identification of modulated signals and radio subtle features. The simulation results show that the recognition success rate of nine different communication modulated signals can reach 93% even under the SNR of 2 dB, and the recognition success rate of the subtle features of distributed noise can reach 100%. The proposed method provides an effective theoretical basis for identifying of radio modulated signals and communication radiation source individual subtle features.
Knowledge of Cervical Cancer, Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) and HPV Vaccination Among Women in Northeast China
Authors: Ning Yu-e , Liu Yao , Xu Xiao-yu , Zhang Xin-yu , Wang Ning , Zheng Li-qiang 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis study aimed to research the understanding and knowledge of cervical cancer, human papilloma virus (HPV), and HPV vaccination, and the acceptance of HPV vaccination, among a population of women in northeastern China. A cross-sectional survey was carried out by questionnaire to investigate knowledge of cervical cancer, HPV, and HPV vaccination. The 230 female participants were native residents of northeastern China, and their ages ranged between 18 and 65 years. Questionnaires were randomly acquired by the respondents from online and paper questionnaire distribution. The questionnaire included questions on three major aspects to record people’s perceptions of cervical cancer, HPV, and vaccines. Of the sample of 230 women surveyed, 80.9% had heard of cervical cancer, but understanding was only 15.7%; 38.3% knew about HPV; 20% knew about HPV vaccine; 39.6% agreed to receive HPV vaccination, and the remainder were mainly concerned about its safety and effectiveness. Data analysis showed that age, family income, and whether there was experience of screening all influenced knowledge of cervical cancer, but this was not statistically significant. The level of education had no obvious effect on the degree of knowledge about cervical cancer; however, with an improvement in education, women’s awareness of HPV vaccine improved significantly (p < 0.05). Women who have received cervical cancer screening had significantly greater knowledge about cervical cancer and HPV than those with no screening (p < 0.05). Women in northeastern China have little knowledge of cervical cancer, HPV, and HPV vaccine, lack disease knowledge, and hold a skeptical attitude about HPV vaccination. Medical institutions are the main channel providing information to these women.
The Interaction between Surfactants and Montmorillonite and its Influence on the Properties of Organo-Montmorillonite in Oil-Based Drilling FluIDS
Authors: Zhuang Guanzheng , Zhang Zepeng , Peng Shanmao , Gao Jiahua , Pereira Francisco A. R. , Jaber Maguy 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe increasing demands for oil and gas and associated difficult drilling operations require oil-based drilling fluids that possess excellent rheological properties and thermal stability. The objective of the present work was to investigate the rheological properties and thermal stability of organo-montmorillonite (OMnt) modified with various surfactants and under various loading levels in oil-based drilling fluids, as revealed by the interaction between organic surfactants and montmorillonite. The influence of the structural arrangement of surfactants on the thermal stability of organo-montmorillonite (OMnt) in oil-based drilling fluids was also addressed. OMnt samples were prepared in aqueous solution using surfactants possessing either a single long alkyl chain two long alkyl chains. OMnt samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, thermal analysis, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Organic surfactants interacted with montmorillonite by electrostatic attraction. The arrangements of organic surfactants depended on the number of long alkyl chains and the geometrical shape of organic cations. In addition to the thermal stability of surfactants, intermolecular interaction also improved the thermal stability of OMnt/oil fluids. A tight paraffin-type bilayer arrangement contributed to the excellent rheological properties and thermal stability of OMnt/oil fluids. The deterioration of rheological properties of OMnt/oil fluids at temperatures up to 200°C was due mainly to the release of interlayer surfactants into the oil.
Longitudinal relations between future planning and adolescents’ academic achievement in China
Authors: Zhao Jingxin , Li Ruijuan , Ma Jinling , Zhang Wenxin 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTIntroductionPlanning for the future is important for adolescents' development and academic adaptation. Most prior research has focused primarily on the effects of future planning on adolescents' academic achievement, and there is a dearth of literature examining the effects of adolescents' academic achievement on their future planning. The current study examined the longitudinal reciprocal relations between adolescents’ future planning and academic achievement in China.MethodsThe study sample consisted of 775 Chinese junior high school students (391 boys, 384 girls; Mage = 13.38 years, SD = 0.89). Future planning and academic achievement were measured at three time points that were equally spaced by a 6‐month lag. Path analyses with cross‐lagged effects were used to examine the longitudinal reciprocal relations between adolescents’ future planning and academic achievement.ResultsThe associations between future educational planning and academic achievement were reciprocal. Future occupational commitment predicted adolescents' academic achievement, and academic achievement predicted adolescents’ affects concerning future occupation. However, there was no significant association between future occupational exploration and academic achievement. Moreover, these patterns of longitudinal relations applied equally to boys and girls, and younger and older adolescents.ConclusionsThe reciprocal relations between future planning processes and academic achievement differed across domains (e.g., educational and occupational domains). These findings suggest that future planning may be a protective factor for improving adolescents' academic achievement, and high academic achievement may also be beneficial for Chinese adolescents’ future planning.
Comparing the Teaching of Comparative Law: A View from Singapore
Authors: JAMAL Arif A 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis article explores what makes the teaching of comparative law distinctive as well as familiar in Singapore (and Southeast Asia more broadly), and so contributes to a process of comparing the teaching of comparative law. I argue that one must balance both familiarity and distinctiveness when teaching comparative law in Southeast Asia. This means that, on the one hand, we can indeed draw on general and even classical materials when teaching comparative law in this region. On the other hand, there is the need to address specific features that shape the context of Southeast Asia. Finally, I discuss how the Southeast Asian example may be instructive because of this balancing in highlighting the importance of teaching comparative law in other parts of the world.
Teamwork and safety climate affect antimicrobial stewardship for asymptomatic bacteriuria
Authors: Drekonja Dimitri M. , Grigoryan Larissa , Lichtenberger Paola , Graber Christopher J. , Patel Payal K. , Van John N. , Dillon Laura M. , Wang Yiqun , Gauthier Timothy P. , Wiseman Steve W. , Shukla Bhavarth S. , Naik Aanand D. , Hysong Sylvia J. , Kramer Jennifer R. , Trautner Barbara W. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractObjective:In preparation for a multisite antibiotic stewardship intervention, we assessed knowledge and attitudes toward management of asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) plus teamwork and safety climate among providers, nurses, and clinical nurse assistants (CNAs).Design:Prospective surveys during January–June 2018.Setting:All acute and long-term care units of 4 Veterans’ Affairs facilities.Methods:The survey instrument included 2 previously tested subcomponents: the Kicking CAUTI survey (ASB knowledge and attitudes) and the Safety Attitudes Questionnaire (SAQ).Results:A total of 534 surveys were completed, with an overall response rate of 65%. Cognitive biases impacting management of ASB were identified. For example, providers presented with a case scenario of an asymptomatic patient with a positive urine culture were more likely to give antibiotics if the organism was resistant to antibiotics. Additionally, more than 80% of both nurses and CNAs indicated that foul smell is an appropriate indication for a urine culture. We found significant interprofessional differences in teamwork and safety climate (defined as attitudes about issues relevant to patient safety), with CNAs having highest scores and resident physicians having the lowest scores on self-reported perceptions of teamwork and safety climates (P < .001). Among providers, higher safety-climate scores were significantly associated with appropriate risk perceptions related to ASB, whereas social norms concerning ASB management were correlated with higher teamwork climate ratings.Conclusions:Our survey revealed substantial misunderstanding regarding management of ASB among providers, nurses, and CNAs. Educating and empowering these professionals to discourage unnecessary urine culturing and inappropriate antibiotic use will be key components of antibiotic stewardship efforts.
Age heaping among adults in Nigeria: evidence from the Nigeria Demographic and Health Surveys 2003–2013
Authors: Fayehun Olufunke , Ajayi Anthony I. , Onuegbu Chinwe , Egerson Daniel 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAge, as a variable, represents a critical basis for demographic classification; thus, its misrepresentations or misreporting alter the accuracy of demographic estimates. This paper examines the extent and pattern of age heaping in the age data for adults, collected in the Nigerian Demographic Health Survey (NDHS). The study used the NDHS data for 2003, 2008, and 2013 to compute a Whipple’s and Meyers’ blended index for each survey year, by gender, geopolitical zones, states and place of residence. The analysis shows that age heaping was higher than the acceptable levels in all three data sets. The Whipple’s index puts the rate of age heaping in the 2003 dataset at 271.3, whilst the rates declined slightly in the 2008 and 2013 datasets to reach 204.2 and 202.5 respectively. Similarly, the Myers’ blended index portrayed that age heaping in the 2003 data was highest at 47.0 while the subsequent years were lower at 38.60 and 38.66, respectively. Digits ending in 0 and 5 were mostly reported in all three surveys and higher rates of age heaping were observed among males, the uneducated and rural dwellers. Age heaping was prominent in all three surveys, thus affecting the data quality gathered at these surveys. Thus, future studies should assess the extent to which age misreporting could bias the estimate of fertility rate.
Measuring and explaining formal institutional persistence in French West Africa
Authors: Berinzon Maya , Briggs Ryan C. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractColonial institutions are thought to be highly persistent, but measuring that persistence is difficult. Using a text analysis method that allows us to measure similarity between bodies of text, we examine the extent to which one formal institution – the penal code – has retained colonial language in seven West African countries. We find that the contemporary penal codes of most countries retain little colonial language. Additionally, we find that it is not meaningful to speak of institutional divergence across the unit of French West Africa, as there is wide variation in the legislative post-coloniality of individual countries. We present preliminary analyses explaining this variation and show that the amount of time that a colony spent under colonisation correlates with more persistent colonial institutions.
Point-to-Point Motion Planning of a Free-Floating Space Manipulator Using the Rapidly-Exploring Random Trees (RRT) Method
Authors: Rybus Tomasz 
Published: July 2019

SUMMARYIt is usually proposed to use a robotic manipulator for performing on-orbit capture of a target satellite in the planned active debris removal and on-orbit servicing missions. Control of the satellite-manipulator system is challenging because motion of the manipulator influences position and orientation of the chaser satellite. Moreover, the trajectory selected for the capture manoeuvre must be collision-free. In this article, we consider the case of a nonredundant manipulator mounted on a free-floating satellite.We propose to use the bi-directional rapidly-exploring random trees (RRT) algorithm to achieve two purposes: to plan a collision-free manipulator trajectory that, at the same time, will result in a desired change of the chaser satellite orientation. Several improvements are introduced in comparison to the previous applications of the RRT method for manipulator mounted on a free-floating satellite. Feasibility of the proposed approach is demonstrated in numerical simulations performed for the planar case in which the chaser satellite is equipped with a 2-DoF (Degree of Freedom) manipulator. The obtained results are analysed and compared with the results obtained from collision-free trajectory planning methods that do not allow to set the desired final orientation of the chaser satellite.
WTO/GATS-Alien Framework Provisions in RTAs – A Closer Look
Authors: Adlung Rudolf 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis article deals with a challenge in drafting regional trade agreements (RTAs) in services that has been widely ignored to date: the need to comply with, and ensure consistent use of, GATS-based framework provisions. This includes in particular the requirement for the RTA parties to eliminate substantially all discrimination between their services and service suppliers. Yet the criteria that are used in individual agreements to identify the benchmark services and service suppliers quite often depart from relevant GATS provisions (Article V on economic integration in combination with Article XVII on national treatment). These departures may not only affect the WTO/GATS-compatibility of the RTAs concerned, but contribute to further fragmenting international market conditions. This is particularly unfortunate at a time when regional agreements are the only realistic options to overcome the negotiating stalemate at multilateral level. Hence, given the stakes involved, there is an urgent need for participants to (re-)consider the framework provisions underpinning their RTAs.
The Southern Illinois Twins/Triplets and Siblings Study (SITSS): A Longitudinal Study of Early Child Development
Authors: DiLalla Lisabeth Fisher , Jamnik Matthew R. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis article reviews the Southern Illinois Twins/Triplets and Siblings Study (SITSS) and describes some of the findings related to recent projects that were completed using this sample. At this time, the SITSS has enrolled 375 twin pairs, 12 triplet families, 1 family of quadruplets, 98 nontwin sibling pairs and 287 singletons. Testing begins for twins and triplets as young as age 1 and then occurs yearly on their birthdays until 5 years of age. Through age 20, various follow-up studies have been conducted on the SITSS sample to examine their social, emotional, and cognitive development across childhood and adolescence from a behavioral genetic perspective. A variety of methodologies have been used to investigate gene–environment correlations (rGE) and gene–environment interactions (GxE). Advanced statistical procedures (e.g., genetic likelihood indices and multilevel modeling) have been utilized to further investigate genetic underpinnings of behavior. Recent results have indicated genetic influences on the aggressiveness of preschoolers’ media preferences, increased problem behaviors related to young children’s overestimation of self-competence, and the influence of early life temperament and internalizing problems on adolescent health behaviors. Additionally, the SITSS has provided evidence for evocative rGE for various behaviors (aggression, prosocial and play), as well as findings supporting interactions between the dopamine receptor D4 gene (DRD4) and the environment (peer victimization, prenatal birth complications and parental sensitivity). Together, by use of multitrait and multimethodological investigations, this behavior genetic data set assists in furthering our understanding of biological and environmental influences on children’s development.