bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Histopathologist Features Predictive of Diagnostic Concordance at Expert Level Amongst a Large International Sample of Pathologists Diagnosing Barrett’s Dysplasia Using Digital Pathology
Authors: van der Wel Myrtle J. , Coleman Helen G. , Bergman Jacques JGHM , Jansen Marnix , Meijer Sybren L. ,   on behalf of the BOLERO working group
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTObjectiveGuidelines recommend expert pathology review of Barrett’s oesophagus (BO) biopsies that reveal dysplasia, but there are no evidence-based standards to corroborate expert reviewer status. We investigated BO concordance rates and pathologist features predictive of diagnostic discordance amongst a large international cohort of gastrointestinal pathologists to develop a quantitative model of BO expert review.DesignPathologists (n=55) from over 20 countries assessed 55 digitised BO biopsies from across the diagnostic spectrum, before and after viewing matched p53 immunohistochemistry. Extensive demographic and clinical experience data were obtained via online questionnaire. We calculated discordance rates and applied multivariate regression analyses to identify predictors of concordance.ResultsWe recorded over 6,000 individual case diagnoses. Of 2,805 H&E diagnoses, we found excellent concordance (>70%) for non-dysplastic Barrett’s oesophagus (NDBO) and high-grade dysplasia (HGD), and intermediate concordance for low-grade dysplasia (LGD, 42%) and indefinite for dysplasia (IND, 23%). Major diagnostic errors (i.e. NDBO overinterpreted as LGD/HGD or vice versa) were found in 248 diagnoses (8.8%), which reduced to 8.3% after viewing p53 labelled slides. At least 5 years of professional experience was protective against major diagnostic error for H&E slide review (OR 0.48, 95%CI 0.31-0.74). Working in a district general hospital was associated with increased odds of major diagnostic error (OR 1.76, 95%CI 1.15-2.69), however this was neutralised when pathologists viewed p53 labelled slides, suggesting a beneficial impact of p53 immunohistochemistry for this group.ConclusionWe have developed an evidence-based quantitative model of BO histopathology diagnosis at expert consensus level that will inform guideline development.
Proximal and distal factors predicting timely initiation of breast feeding in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Habtewold Tesfa Dejenie , Mohammed Shimels Hussien , Endalamaw Aklilu , Mulugeta Henok , Dessie Getenet , Berhe Derbew Fikadu , Birhanu Mulugeta Molla , Islam Md. Atiqul , Teferra Andreas A. , Asefa Nigus Gebremedhin , Alemu Sisay Mulugeta 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundIn Ethiopia, the current coverage of timely initiation of breast feeding (TIBF) has fallen short of the national Health Sector Transformation Plan 2016-2020, National Nutrition Program 2016–2020 and WHO global target. This calls for the need to assess relevant proximal and distal factors that affect the rate of TIBF in Ethiopia.ObjectiveThe aim of this meta-analysis was to investigate the association between TIBF and educational status, household income, marital status, media exposure, and parity in Ethiopia.MethodsDatabases used were PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, SCOPUS, CINAHL and WHO Global health library, and key terms were searched using interactive searching syntax. It was also supplemented by manual searching. Observational studies published between September 2000 and March 2019 were included. The methodological quality of studies was examined using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for cross-sectional studies. Data were extracted using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) data extraction tool. To obtain the pooled odds ratio (OR), extracted data were fitted in a random-effects meta-analysis model. Statistical heterogeneity was quantified using Cochran’s Q test, τ2, and I2statistics. Additional analysis conducted includes Jackknife sensitivity analysis, cumulative meta-analysis, and meta-regression analysis.ResultsOut of 553 studies retrieved, 25 studies fulfilled our inclusion criteria. Almost all studies were conducted on mothers with newborn less than 23 months. Maternal educational status (OR = 1.82; p < 0.001; 95% CI = 1.35 - 2.45; I2= 84.96%), paternal educational status (OR = 2.72; p = 0.001, 95% CI = 1.49 - 4.97 I2= 62.50%), income (OR = 1.16; p = 0.002; 95% CI = 1.05 - 1.27; I2= 0.00%), marital status (OR = 1.39; p = 0.001; 95% CI = 1.14 - 1.69; I2= 9.17%) and parity (OR = 1.39; p = 0.01; 95% CI = 1.07 - 1.81; I2= 74.43%) were found to be significantly associated with TIBF. We also observed a direct dose-response relationship of TIBF with educational status and income.ConclusionsProximal and distal factors significantly predicting TIBF practice in Ethiopia, which needs integrated intervention by health professionals and healthcare policymakers. Health education, counselling and peer education targeting parents at antenatal and postnatal periods are needed. It is also relevant to improve the economic power of women and promote gender equality.
No evidence for motor recovery-related cortical reorganization after stroke using resting-state fMRI
Authors: Branscheidt Meret , Ejaz Naveed , Xu Jing , Widmer Mario , Harran Michelle D. , Cortés Juan Camillo , Kitago Tomoko , Celnik Pablo , Hernandez-Castillo Carlos , Diedrichsen Jörn , Luft Andreas , Krakauer John W. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractCortical reorganization has been suggested as mechanism for recovery after stroke. It has been proposed that a form of cortical reorganization (changes in functional connectivity between brain areas) can be assessed with resting-state fMRI. Here we report the largest longitudinal data-set in terms of overall sessions in 19 patients with subcortical stroke and 11 controls. Patients were imaged up to 5 times over one year. We found no evidence for post-stroke cortical reorganization despite substantial behavioral recovery. These results could be construed as questioning the value of resting-state imaging. Here we argue instead that they are consistent with other emerging reasons to challenge the idea of motor recovery-related cortical reorganization post-stroke when conceived as changes in connectivity between cortical areas.
Different Expressions of IL-1 TNF-α P-selectin mRNA by Endothelial Cells after Vein Thrombosis
Authors: Xu Jiasheng , Liao Kaili , Zhou Weimin 
Published: June 2019

[Abstract]ObjectiveExperiments were designed to compare the expressions of IL-1 TNF-α P-selectin mRNA by porcine endothelial cells after vein thrombosis.MethodsIVC under the renal vein of 20 porcines were ligated to induce thrombosis modes. These thrombosed veins were divided into three groups:group A-one day after thrombosis, group B-four days after thrombosis and group C-seven days after thrombosis. The other pigs were given the shame operation as a contro group (group D). The mRNA levels of IL-1、 TNF-α and P-selectin expressed by porcine endothelial cells in three groups were analy sed by semi quantitative RT-PCR. Endothelial cells were harvested with collagenase II.ResultsThe purity of endothelial cells harvested was 99.42 ±0.07. The expression of IL-1 was detained only in group A while TNF-αreached its peak in group B(P<0.05) and P-selectin increased gradually with the days passing by(P<0.05).ConclusionEndothelial cells are not only the target cells of inflammatory mediators, but also can express a variety of active factors to promote venous thrombosis. Expression of TNF-α mRNA is increased gradually in the early period of vein thrombosis whileP-selectin in the acute period; IL-1 mRNA was transiently expressed only in the early stage of thrombosis.
Reorganisation of complex ciliary flows around regeneratingStentor coeruleus
Authors: Wan Kirsty Y. , Hürlimann Sylvia K. , Fenix Aidan M. , McGillivary Rebecca M. , Makushok Tatyana , Burns Evan , Sheung Janet Y. , Marshall Wallace F. 
Published: June 2019

SummaryThe phenomenon of ciliary coordination has garnered increasing attention in recent decades, with multiple theories accounting for its emergence in different contexts. The heterotrich ciliateStentor coeruleusis a unicellular organism which boasts a number of features which present unrivalled opportunities for biophysical studies of cilia coordination. With their cerulean colour and distinctive morphology, these large protists possess a characteristic differentiation between cortical rows of short body cilia used for swimming, and an anterior ring structure of fused oral cilia forming a membranellar band. The oral cilia beat metachronously to produce strong feeding currents. In addition to this complex body plan,Stentorhave remarkable regenerative capabilities. Minute fragments of single cells can over the period of hours or days, regenerate independently into new, proportional individuals. Certain environmental perturbations elicit a unique programmed response known as oral regeneration wherein only the membranellar band is shed and a new, ciliated oral primordium formed on the side of the body. Here, we target oral regeneration induced by sucrose-shock to reveal the complex interplay between ciliary restructuring and hydrodynamics inStentor, which accompanies the complete developmental sequence from band formation, elongation, curling, and migration toward the cell anterior.“When the anterior part is open, one may perceive about its Edges a very lively Motion; and when the Polyps presents itself in a certain manner, it discovers, on either side of these edges of its anterior part, somewhat very much resembling the wheels of a little Mill, that move with great velocity.”A. Trembley F.R.S describing the membranellar band of Stentor, Phil. Soc. Trans. Royal Society (London), 1744.
Cell-type specific analysis of heterogeneous methylation signal using a Bayesian model-based approach
Authors: Kennedy Daniel W , White Nicole M , Benton Miles C , Lea Rodney A , Mengersen Kerrie 
Published: June 2019

MotivationEpigenome-wide studies are often performed using heterogeneous methylation samples, especially when there is no prior information as to which cell-types are disease associated. While much work has been done in ascertaining cell-type fractions and removing cell-type heterogeneity variation, relatively little work has been done in identifying cell-type specific variation in heterogeneous samples.ResultsIn this paper, we present a Bayesian model-based approach for making cell-type specific inferences in heterogeneous settings, by using a logit-Normal sampling distribution and incorporating a priori knowledge of cell-type lineage. The method is applied to the detection of cell-type specific sex effects in methylation, where cell-type information is present as an independent verification of the results. Panels derived from this method contained more loci where CD8+T, CD19+B and Natural Killer cell-types were differentially methylated. The analysis suggests that an ensemble approach with this method included could be used for discovering cell-type specific methylation changes.Availabilityhttps://github.com/danwkenn/Bayes_CDM
Synergistic interplay between PHF8 and HER2 signaling contributes to breast cancer development and drug resistance
Authors: Liu Qi , Borcherding Nicholas , Shao Peng , Maina Peterson Kariuki , Zhang Weizhou , Qi Hank Heng 
Published: June 2019

AbstractHER2 plays a critical role in tumorigenesis and is associated with poor prognosis of HER2-positive breast cancers. Although, anti-HER2 drugs show benefits in breast cancer therapy,de novoor acquired resistance often develop. Epigenetic factors have been increasingly targeted for therapeutic purposes, however, such mechanisms interacting with HER2 signaling are poorly understood. This study reports the synergistic interplay between histone demethylase PHF8 and HER2 signaling, i.e. PHF8 is elevated in HER2-positive breast cancers and is upregulated by HER2; PHF8 plays coactivator roles in regulatingHER2expression and HER2-driven epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers and cytokines. The HER2-PHF8-IL-6 regulatory axis was proved both in cell lines and in the newly establishedMMTV-Her2/MMTV-Cre/Phf8flox/floxmodels, with which the oncogenic function of Phf8 in breast cancerin vivowas revealed for the first time. Furthermore, PHF8-IL-6 axis contributes to the resistance of Trastuzumabin vitroand may play a critical role in the infiltration of T-cells in HER2-driven breast cancers. This study reveals novel epigenetic mechanisms underlying HER2-driven cancer development and anti-HER2 drug resistance.
Nuclear lipidome is altered in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a preliminary study
Authors: Ramírez-Nuñez Omar , Jové Mariona , Torres Pascual , Sol Joaquim , Fontdevila Laia , Romero-Guevara Ricardo , Ayala Victòria , Rossi Chiara , Boada Jordi , Povedano Mònica , Andrés-Benito Pol , Ferrer Isidro , Pamplona Reinald , Portero-Otin Manuel 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTIn this pilot study, we show that nuclei in spinal cord from ALS patients exhibit a differential lipidomic signature. Among the differential lipid species we could annotate 41 potential identities. These comprise membrane-bound lipids such as phosphatidylethanolamines–including plasmalogens- and phosphatidylcholines but also other lipid classes such as glycosphingolipids, diacylglycerols, and triacylglycerides (potentially present as nuclear lipid droplets). These results were orthogonally validated by showing loss of alkyldihydroxyacetonephosphate synthase (AGPS), a key peroxisomal enzyme in plasmalogen synthesis, both in ALS necropsy samples, in human motor neurons derived from iPSC from ALS patients and in hSOD-G93A transgenic mice. Further, diacylglycerol content changes were associated to ALS-linked variations in related-enzymes, such as phospholipase C ßI (PLCßI), the source of nuclear diacylglycerol, and protein kinase CßII (PKCßII), whose function partially depends on nuclei concentration of diacylglycerol. These results point out for not only a role of nuclear membrane lipids but also to lipids present in the nucleoplasm, suggesting an undisclosed role for this part of the subcellular lipidome in ALS pathophysiology.
Context-specific functions of Notch in Drosophila blood cell progenitors
Authors: Blanco-Obregon DM , Katz MJ , Durrieu L , Gándara L , Wappner P 
Published: June 2019

AbstractDrosophila Larval hematopoiesis takes place at the lymph gland, where myeloid-like progenitors differentiate into Plasmatocytes and Crystal Cells, under regulation of conserved signaling pathways. It has been established that the Notch pathway plays a specific role in Crystal Cell differentiation and maintenance. In mammalian hematopoiesis, the Notch pathway has been proposed to fulfill broader functions, including Hematopoietic Stem Cell maintenance and cell fate decision in progenitors. In this work we describe different roles that Notch plays in the lymph gland. We show that Notch, activated by its ligand Serrate, expressed at the Posterior Signaling Center, is required to restrain Core Progenitor differentiation. We define a novel population of blood cell progenitors that we name Distal Progenitors, where Notch, activated by Serrate expressed in Lineage Specifying Cells at the Medullary Zone/Cortical Zone boundary, regulates a binary decision between Plasmatocyte and Crystal Cell fates. Thus, Notch plays context-specific functions in different blood cell progenitor populations of the Drosophila lymph gland.Graphical Abstract
PSR1 Is a Global Transcriptional Regulator of Phosphorus Deficiency Responses and Carbon Storage Metabolism in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
Authors: Bajhaiya Amit K. , Dean Andrew P. , Zeef Leo A.H. , Webster Rachel E. , Pittman Jon K. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Many eukaryotic microalgae modify their metabolism in response to nutrient stresses such as phosphorus (P) starvation, which substantially induces storage metabolite biosynthesis, but the genetic mechanisms regulating this response are poorly understood. Here, we show that P starvation-induced lipid and starch accumulation is inhibited in a Chlamydomonas reinhardtii mutant lacking the transcription factor Pi Starvation Response1 (PSR1). Transcriptomic analysis identified specific metabolism transcripts that are induced by P starvation but misregulated in the psr1 mutant. These include transcripts for starch and triacylglycerol synthesis but also transcripts for photosynthesis-, redox-, and stress signaling-related proteins. To further examine the role of PSR1 in regulating lipid and starch metabolism, PSR1 complementation lines in the psr1 strain and PSR1 overexpression lines in a cell wall-deficient strain were generated. PSR1 expression in the psr1 lines was shown to be functional due to rescue of the psr1 phenotype. PSR1 overexpression lines exhibited increased starch content and number of starch granules per cell, which correlated with a higher expression of specific starch metabolism genes but reduced neutral lipid content. Furthermore, this phenotype was consistent in the presence and absence of acetate. Together, these results identify a key transcriptional regulator in global metabolism and demonstrate transcriptional engineering in microalgae to modulate starch biosynthesis.
I see, and I hunt
Authors: Lim Xin Jean , Ng Siew Imm , Chuah Francis , Cham Tat Huei , Rozali Aifa 
Published: June 2019

PurposeDespite the growth of social networking websites as hybrid promotional tools, the empirical research that is currently available in explaining the consequences of gastronomy online reviews on ethnic food behavioural intention is limited. The purpose of this paper is to adopt a novel approach to explore Gen-Y tourists’ behavioural intention by proposing “involvement” as a mediator in improvising Wanget al.’s model. In other words, the more tourists enjoy reading gastronomy online reviews and gain benefits like inspiring taste desire, forming taste awareness and facilitating interpersonal interaction, the more they will become actively involved in searching gastronomy online reviews for ethnic food, subsequently manifesting in higher behavioural intention.Design/methodology/approachTo test the research model, a questionnaire was developed and distributed to Gen-Y tourists in Malaysia using the purposive sampling technique. Partial least squares–structural equation modelling was applied to analyse the data collected from a sample of 748 responses.FindingsThis study provides empirical findings based on the direct relationship between gastronomy online review dimensions and the behavioural intention towards ethnic food. In addition, the indirect influence of the constructs for behavioural intention through involvement and the moderating effect of variety seeking were found. Indeed, when involvement increases as a result of reading online reviews, behavioural intention is enhanced. In fact, if the individual is a variety seeker, the behavioural intention could likewise be enhanced.Practical implicationsThis paper provides suggestions and valuable insight for tourism authorities and ethnic food eateries in using gastronomy online reviews for promoting ethnic food and gastronomy tourism. For example, food eateries can motivate reviewers to include attractive and useful content by facilitating how the gastronomy reviewer retrieves information (e.g. ingredients, price, and food health value and food tradition) concerning the eatery. Additionally, rewards and incentives such as offering vouchers to reviewers in order to gain attractive and interesting reviews could be considered. Finally, the variety-seeking goal of tourists can be attained by relocating ethnic food restaurants or stalls at centralised or designated areas, where a variety of ethnic foods are conveniently accessible to tourists.Originality/valueThis paper systematically discusses how gastronomy online reviews influence the behavioural intention of tourists to taste ethnic food in the context of Malaysia. The inclusion of the mediator (involvement) and moderator (variety seeking) added a significant increment to the total variance explained in behavioural intention.
Examining prospective buyer attitudes toward four food product traits
Authors: Larson Ronald B. 
Published: June 2019

Purpose
Socio-demographic control variables are added to food attitude analyses to improve the understanding of consumer preferences. However, socio-demographics can provide an incomplete picture of prospective buyers. Including other variables in a food analysis may offer businesses, researchers and policymakers more insights into consumer food preferences. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach
An internet survey of 725 adults in the USA was used to examine interest in four food traits that may be included in marketing claims: antibiotic-free meat, Humanely-raised meat, produce that could be traced back to the farm and gluten-free food. Besides standard socio-demographics, environmental preferences, impulsive buying, religiosity, spirituality, privacy concerns and social desirability bias (SDB) measures were used to predict buyer interest.

Findings
Some standard socio-demographics (e.g. gender, age and income), green attitudes, impulsive traits and concern for information privacy were associated with preferences for three of the food attributes. These linkages can help define useful segments. The results for the fourth food trait, gluten-free, should generate additional medical research. In addition, the SDB measure was significant, suggesting that social norms may favour these traits.

Originality/value
The four food traits studied in this research appear to be growing in the market and have had limited attention in prior research. Many of the independent variables (e.g. green attitudes, impulsive traits, privacy concerns) included in the models provided more information about consumer preferences and may be helpful in other food studies. The findings on gluten-free products should receive further study.
Which food literacy dimensions are associated with diet quality among Canadian parents?
Authors: Fernandez Melissa Anne , Desroches Sophie , Marquis Marie , Lebel Alexandre , Turcotte Mylène , Provencher Véronique 
Published: June 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore associations between different food literacy dimensions and diet quality among a sample of Canadian parents and examine differences in the prevalence of food literacy items between mothers and fathers.Design/methodology/approachParents responsible for food preparation (n=767) completed an online survey including dietary intakes and 22 items across five dimensions of food literacy (knowledge, planning, cooking, food conceptualisation and social aspects). Differences between genders for each item were analysed withχ2tests. The healthy eating index (HEI) adapted to the Canadian Food Guide (CFG) was computed from a food frequency questionnaire. Associations between HEI scores and each item were analysed with linear regression models, controlling for sociodemographic variables and multiple testing.FindingsOf parents responsible for food preparation, 81 per cent were mothers. The mean HEI score was 76.6 (SD: 10.6) and mothers reported healthier diets in comparison to fathers (p=0.01). More mothers than fathers used CFG recommendations, selected foods based on nutrition labels, made soups, stews, muffins and cakes from scratch and added fruits and vegetables to recipes (p<0.05). More fathers reduced the salt content of recipes than mothers (p=0.03). Two knowledge items and seven food conceptualisation items were significantly associated with better HEI, after controlling for covariates and multiple testing. Planning items, cooking skills and social aspects were not significantly associated with HEI.Originality/valueThis study investigates multiple dimensions of food literacy and identifies knowledge and food conceptualisation as potential targets for future interventions involving parents responsible for household meal preparation. This study highlights the importance of considering gender differences in food literacy.