bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sound symbolism processing is lateralized to the right temporal region in the prelinguistic infant brain
Authors: Yang Jiale , Asano Michiko , Kanazawa So , Yamaguchi Masami K. , Imai Mutsumi 
Published: September 2019

AbstractSound symbolism, which is the systematic and non-arbitrary link between a word and its meaning, has been suggested to bootstrap language acquisition in infants. However, it is unclear how sound symbolism is processed in the infants’ brain. To address this issue, we investigated the cortical response in 11-month-old infants in relation to sound-symbolic correspondences using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). Two types of stimuli were presented: a novel visual stimulus (e.g., a round shape) followed by a novel auditory stimulus that either sound-symbolically matched (moma) or mismatched (kipi) the shape. We found a significant hemodynamic increase in the right temporal area, when the sound and the referent sound were symbolically matched, but this effect was limited to themomastimulus. The anatomical locus corresponds to the right posterior superior temporal sulcus (rSTS), which is thought to process sound symbolism in adults. These findings suggest that prelinguistic infants have the biological basis to detect cross-modal correspondences between word sounds and visual referents.
Activation of 5-HT2 Receptors Reduces Inflammation in Vascular Tissue and Cholesterol Levels in High-Fat Diet-Fed Apolipoprotein E Knockout Mice
Authors: Flanagan Thomas W. , Sebastian Melaine N. , Battaglia Diana M. , Foster Timothy P. , Maillet Emeline L. , Nichols Charles D. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractCoronary artery disease (CAD) is a progressive cardiovascular syndrome characterized by cholesterol-induced focal arterial lesions that impair oxygen delivery to the heart. As both innate and adaptive immune cells play critical roles in the formation and progression of arterial plaques and endothelial cell dysfunction, CAD is commonly viewed as a chronic inflammatory disorder. Our lab has previously discovered that 5-HT2A receptor activation with the 5-HT2 receptor selective agonist (R)-2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodoamphetamine [(R)-DOI] has potent anti-inflammatory activity in both cell culture and whole animal models. Here we have examined the putative therapeutic effects of (R)-DOI in the ApoE−/− high fat model of cardiovascular disease. Subcutaneously implanted osmotic minipumps were used to infuse sustained low rates (0.15 μg / hr) of (R)-DOI∙HCl to mice fed a high-fat “Western” diet. (R)-DOI treated mice had significant reductions in expression levels of mRNA for inflammatory markers like Il6 in vascular tissue, normalized glucose homeostasis, and reduced circulating cholesterol levels. As cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of death both globally and in the Western world, activation of 5-HT2A receptors at sub-behavioral levels may represent a new strategy to treat inflammation-based cardiovascular disease.
Identification and characterization of phage protein and its activity against two strains of multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Al-Wrafy Fairoz , Brzozowska Ewa , Górska Sabina , Drab Marek , Strus Magdalena , Gamian Andrzej 
Published: September 2019

AbstractPseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen with a capacity to develop antibiotic resistance, which underlies a larger proportion of hospital-acquired infections and higher morbidity and mortality, compared to other bacterial infections. Effective novel approaches for treatment of infections induced by this pathogen are therefore necessary. Phage therapy represents a promising alternative solution to eradicate antibiotic-resistant pathogens. Here, we investigated phage protein efficacy against multi-drug resistant (MDR) P. aeruginosa PAR21 and PAR50 strains isolated from diabetic foot ulcer patients. The results obtained using spot assay, zymography, spectrophotometry and scanning electron microscopy at low voltage (SEM-LV) indicate that the phage protein, PA-PP, exerts activity against P. aeruginosa PAR50 while having no impact on the PAR21 strain. Using LC-MS-MS/MS and comparative analysis of the peptide molecular mass with the protein sequence database, PA-PP was identified as a member of the serine protease family, a result corroborated by its ability to digest casein. We additionally showed a capacity of PA-PP to digest porin protein on the bacterial outer membrane (OM). Moreover, synergistic activity between PA-PP protein and piperacillin led to higher sensitivity of bacterial cells to this antibiotic. Our collective findings suggest that PA-PP targets porin protein on PAR50 OM, thereby increasing its sensitivity to specific antibiotics. The adverse effects observed on bacterial cells using SEM-LV suggest further roles of this protein that remain to be established.
Dissection of Pharmacological Mechanism of Chinese Herbal Medicine Yihuo Huatan Formula on Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Systems Pharmacology-Based Study
Authors: Zhang Xia-Wei , Liu Wei , Jiang Hong-Li , Mao Bing 
Published: September 2019

AbstractChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the most common respiratory diseases. Yihuo Huatan Formula (YHF), as a proven Chinese Herbal Medicine (CHM), has been verified to be effective in the treatment of stable COPD through years’ of practice. Nevertheless, its working mechanism is still unclear. We sought to systematically decipher the mechanism of YHF for treating stable COPD using systems pharmacology-based method that integrates pharmacokinetic screening, target prediction, network analyses, GO and KEGG enrichment analyses. Firstly, a total of 1267 chemicals out of 15 herbal components were included in YHF chemical database. Among them, 180 potential active molecules were screened out through pharmacokinetic evaluation. Then 258 targets of the active molecules were predicted, of which 84 were chosen for further analyses. Finally, the network analyses and GO and KEGG enrichment methods suggested a therapeutic effect of YHF on the alleviation of airway inflammation, decrease of mucus secretion, maintenance of immune homeostasis and benefit of COPD comorbidities, by regulating multiple targets and pathways. The systems pharmacology-based approach helps to understand the underlying working mechanism of YHF in stable COPD from a holistic perspective, and offers an exemplification for systematically uncovering the action mechanisms of CHM.
Phenotypic characterisation of regulatory T cells in dogs reveals signature transcripts conserved in humans and mice
Authors: Wu Ying , Chang Yu-Mei , Stell Anneliese J. , Priestnall Simon L. , Sharma Eshita , Goulart Michelle R. , Gribben John , Xia Dong , Garden Oliver A. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractRegulatory T cells (Tregs) are a double-edged regulator of the immune system. Aberrations of Tregs correlate with pathogenesis of inflammatory, autoimmune and neoplastic disorders. Phenotypically and functionally distinct subsets of Tregs have been identified in humans and mice on the basis of their extensive portfolios of monoclonal antibodies (mAb) against Treg surface antigens. As an important veterinary species, dogs are increasingly recognised as an excellent model for many human diseases. However, insightful study of canine Tregs has been restrained by the limited availability of mAb. We therefore set out to characterise CD4+CD25highT cells isolatedex vivofrom healthy dogs and showed that they possess a regulatory phenotype, function, and transcriptomic signature that resembles those of human and murine Tregs. By launching a cross-species comparison, we unveiled a conserved transcriptomic signature of Tregs and identified that transcripthip1may have implications in Treg function.
Cell Therapy: Effect of Locally Injected Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Derived from Bone Marrow or Adipose Tissue on Bone Regeneration of Rat Calvarial Defects
Authors: Freitas Gileade P. , Lopes Helena B. , Souza Alann T. P. , Oliveira Paula G. F. P. , Almeida Adriana L. G. , Souza Lucas E. B. , Coelho Paulo G. , Beloti Marcio M. , Rosa Adalberto L. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractTreatment of large bone defects is a challenging clinical situation that may be benefited from cell therapies based on regenerative medicine. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of local injection of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-MSCs) or adipose tissue-derived MSCs (AT-MSCs) on the regeneration of rat calvarial defects. BM-MSCs and AT-MSCs were characterized based on their expression of specific surface markers; cell viability was evaluated after injection with a 21-G needle. Defects measuring 5 mm that were created in rat calvaria were injected with BM-MSCs, AT-MSCs, or vehicle-phosphate-buffered saline (Control) 2 weeks post-defect creation. Cells were tracked by bioluminescence, and 4 weeks post-injection, the newly formed bone was evaluated by µCT, histology, nanoindentation, and gene expression of bone markers. BM-MSCs and AT-MSCs exhibited the characteristics of MSCs and maintained their viability after passing through the 21-G needle. Injection of both BM-MSCs and AT-MSCs resulted in increased bone formation compared to that in Control and with similar mechanical properties as those of native bone. The expression of genes associated with bone formation was higher in the newly formed bone induced by BM-MSCs, whereas the expression of genes involved in bone resorption was higher in the AT-MSC group. Cell therapy based on local injection of BM-MSCs or AT-MSCs is effective in delivering cells that induced a significant improvement in bone healing. Despite differences observed in molecular cues between BM-MSCs and AT-MSCs, both cells had the ability to induce bone tissue formation at comparable amounts and properties. These results may drive new cell therapy approaches toward complete bone regeneration.
Corrosion prevention of commercial alloys by air-water interface grown, edge on oriented, ultrathin squaraine film
Authors: Pandey Rajiv Kumar , Mishra Richa , Ji Gopal , Prakash Rajiv 
Published: September 2019

AbstractCopper is one of the most demanded commercial metal/alloys in world market. The demand for copper in industries such as electrical, electronics, automobile, telecommunications, defence, etc. as well as in daily life has escalated in the recent years due to its versatile physical and chemical properties. However destruction of copper surface by any means, preferably corrosion, can limit its vast application. For protection from corrosion, various techniques are used to coat metal substrates with passivating materials. These techniques are either complex as well as expensive, or provide incomplete protection in acid media. To address these issues, floating film transfer method (FFTM) is utilized in this work for obtaining ultrathin film of squaraine (passivating molecule) as well as their easy and fast transfer over copper substrate. The squaraine film is deposited on copper substrate in layers, viz., 1 to 4 layers. The corrosion behavior is examined in 0.1 M HCl using electrochemical techniques as well as surface characterization techniques, which portray that copper corrosion is hampered in harmony with the layers deposited. Nearly 40% corrosion protection is reached for copper coated with 1 layer of squaraine. However, the protection is amplified up to 98% with 4 layers of squaraine, which clearly substantiates the supremacy of this coating method over reported methods of protection. This technique and the material (squaraine) are both for the first time being used in the field of corrosion protection. The easy growth of ultrathin film at air-water interface as well as its rapid transfer over substrate promotes use of FFTM for efficient corrosion protection on industrial scale.
Twisted debris: how differential secular perturbations shape debris disks
Authors: Sende J. A. , Löhne T. 
Published: September 2019

Context. Resolved images suggest that asymmetric structures are a common feature of cold debris disks. While planets close to these disks are rarely detected, their hidden presence and gravitational perturbations provide plausible explanations for some of these features.
Aims. To put constraints on the properties of yet undetected planetary companions, we aim to predict what features such a planet imprints in debris disks undergoing continuous collisional evolution.
Methods. We discuss the basic equations, analytic approximations and timescales governing collisions, radiation pressure and secular perturbations. In addition, we combine our numerical model of the collisional evolution of the size and spatial distributions in debris disks with the gravitational perturbation by a single planet.
Results. We find that the distributions of orbital elements in the disks are strongly dependent on grain sizes. Secular precession is differential with respect to involved semi-major axes and grain sizes. This leads to observable differences between the big grains tracing the parent belt and the small grains in the trailing halo. Observations at different wavelengths can be used to constrain the properties of a possible planet.
High-resolution three-dimensional simulations of gas removal from ultrafaint dwarf galaxies
Authors: Romano Donatella , Calura Francesco , D’Ercole Annibale , Few C. Gareth 
Published: September 2019

Context.The faintest Local Group galaxies found lurking in and around the Milky Way halo provide a unique test bed for theories of structure formation and evolution on small scales. Deep Subaru andHubbleSpace Telescope photometry demonstrates that the stellar populations of these galaxies are old and that the star formation activity did not last longer than 2 Gyr in these systems. A few mechanisms that may lead to such a rapid quenching have been investigated by means of hydrodynamic simulations, but these have not provided any final assessment so far.Aims.This is the first in a series of papers aimed at analyzing the roles of stellar feedback, ram pressure stripping, host-satellite tidal interactions, and reionization in cleaning the lowest mass Milky Way companions of their cold gas using high-resolution, three-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations.Methods.We simulated an isolated ultrafaint dwarf galaxy loosely modeled after Boötes I, and examined whether or not stellar feedback alone could drive a substantial fraction of the ambient gas out from the shallow potential well.Results.In contrast to simple analytical estimates, but in agreement with previous hydrodynamical studies, we find that most of the cold gas reservoir is retained. Conversely, a significant amount of the metal-enriched stellar ejecta crosses the boundaries of the computational box with velocities exceeding the local escape velocity and is, thus, likely lost from the system.Conclusions.Although the total energy output from multiple supernova explosions exceeds the binding energy of the gas, no galactic-scale outflow develops in our simulations and as such, most of the ambient medium remains trapped within the weak potential well of the model galaxy. It seems thus unavoidable that to explain the dearth of gas in ultrafaint dwarf galaxies, we will have to resort to environmental effects. This will be the subject of a forthcoming paper.
Interstellar dust along the line of sight of GX 3+1
Authors: Rogantini D. , Costantini E. , Zeegers S. T. , de Vries C. P. , Mehdipour M. , de Groot F. , Mutschke H. , Psaradaki I. , Waters L. B. F. M. 
Published: September 2019

Context.Studying absorption and scattering of X-ray radiation by interstellar dust grains allows us to access the physical and chemical properties of cosmic grains even in the densest regions of the Galaxy.Aims.We aim at characterising the dust silicate population which presents clear absorption features in the energy band covered by theChandraX-ray Observatory. Through these absorption features, in principle, it is possible to infer the size distribution, composition, and structure of silicate in the interstellar medium. In particular, in this work we investigate magnesium and silicon K-edges.Methods.We built X-ray extinction models for 15 dust candidates using newly acquired synchrotron measurements. These models were adapted for astrophysical analysis and implemented in the SPEXspectral fitting program. We used the models to reproduce the dust absorption features observed in the spectrum of the bright low mass X-ray binary GX 3+1, which is used as a background source.Results.With the simultaneous analysis of the two edges we test two different size distributions of dust: one corresponding to the standard Mathis-Rumpl-Nordsieck model and one considering larger grains (n(a) ∝ai−3.5with 0.005μm <a1< 0.25μm and 0.05μm <a2< 0.5μm, respectively, withathe grain size). These distributions may be representative of the complex Galactic region towards this source. We find that up to 70% of dust is constituted by amorphous olivine. We discuss the crystallinity of the cosmic dust found along this line of sight. Both magnesium and silicon are highly depleted into dust (δZ= 0.89 and 0.94, respectively), while their total abundance does not depart from solar values.
Formation of coronal rain triggered by impulsive heating associated with magnetic reconnection
Authors: Kohutova P. , Verwichte E. , Froment C. 
Published: September 2019

Context. Coronal rain consists of cool plasma condensations formed in coronal loops as a result of thermal instability. The standard models of coronal rain formation assume that the heating is quasi-steady and localised at the coronal loop footpoints.
Aims. We present an observation of magnetic reconnection in the corona and the associated impulsive heating triggering formation of coronal rain condensations.
Methods. We analyse combined SDO/AIA and IRIS observations of a coronal rain event following a reconnection between threads of a low-lying prominence flux rope and surrounding coronal field lines.
Results. The reconnection of the twisted flux rope and open field lines leads to a release of magnetic twist. Evolution of the emission of one of the coronal loops involved in the reconnection process in different AIA bandpasses suggests that the loop becomes thermally unstable and is subject to the formation of coronal rain condensations following the reconnection and that the associated heating is localised in the upper part of the loop leg.
Conclusions. In addition to the standard models of thermally unstable coronal loops with heating localised exclusively in the footpoints, thermal instability and subsequent formation of condensations can be triggered by the impulsive heating associated with magnetic reconnection occurring anywhere along a magnetic field line.
Software-based data acquisition system for Level-1 end-cap muon trigger in Atlas Run-3
Authors: Takeda Kosuke 
Published: September 2019

In 2019, the ATLAS experiment at CERN is planning an upgrade in order to cope with the higher luminosity requirements. In this upgrade, the installation of the new muon chambers for the end-cap muon system will be carriedout. Muon track reconstruction performance can be improved, and fake triggers can be reduced. It is also necessary to develop readout system of trigger data for the Level-1 end-cap muon trigger.
We have decided to develop software-based data acquisition system. There-fore, we have implemented SiTCP technology, which connects a FPGA with the network, on the FPGA of new trigger processor boards.
Due to this implementation, the new DAQ system can take advantage of the latest developments in computing industry. This new readout system architec-ture is based on multi-process software, and can assemble events at a rate of 100 kHz. For data collection, the 10 Gbit Ethernet network switch is used. Moreover, we have optimized these processes to send data to the following sys-tem without any error. Therefore, the built events can be sent with an average throughput of approximately 211 Mbps.
Our newly developed readout system is very generic and it is flexible for modi-fications, extensions and easyto debug. This paper will present the details of the new software-based DAQ system and report the development status for ATLAS Run-3.
Perspectives for the migration of the LHCb geometry to the DD4hep toolkit
Authors: Borghi Silvia , Burr Chris , Clemencic Marco , Corti Gloria , Couturier Ben , Frank Markus , Grillo Lucia , Muller Dominik 
Published: September 2019

The LHCb experiment uses a custom made C++ detector and geometry description toolkit, integrated with the Gaudi framework, designed when the LHCb software was first implemented. With the LHCb upgrade scheduled for 2021, it is necessary for the experiment to review this choice and adapt to the evolution of software and computing (in terms of e.g multi-threading support or vectorization)
The Detector Description Toolkit for High Energy Physics (DD4hep) is a good candidate for the replacement for LHCb’s geometry description framework: it is possible to integrate it with the LHCb core software framework and its features theoretically match the requirements: in terms of geometry and detector description but also concerning the possibility to add detector alignment parameters and the integration with simulation tools.
In this paper we report on detailed studies undertaken to compare the feature set proposed by the DD4hep toolkit, to what is needed by LHCb. We show not only how the main description could be migrated, but also how to integrate the LHCb real-time alignment tools in this toolkit, in order to identify the main obstacles to the migration of the experiment to DD4hep.
A milestone for DPM (Disk Pool Manager)
Authors: Furano Fabrizio , Oliver Keeble Nurcan , Manzi Andrea , Bitzes Georgios 
Published: September 2019

The DPM (Disk Pool Manager) system is a multiprotocol scalable technology for Grid storage that supports about 130 sites for a total of about 90 Petabytes online.
The system has recently completed the development phase that had been announced in the past years, which consolidates its core component (DOME: Disk Operations Management Engine) as a full-featured high performance engine that can also be operated with standardWeb clients and uses a fully documented REST-based protocol.
Together with a general improvement on performance and with a comprehensive administration command-line interface, this milestone also brings back features like the automatic disk server status detection and the volatile pools for deploying experimental disk caches.
In this contribution we also discuss the end of support for the historical DPM components (that also include a dependency on the Globus toolkit), whose deployment is now only linked to the usage of the SRM protocols, hence can be uninstalled when these are not needed any more by the site.
Monitoring LHCb Trigger developments using nightly integration tests and a new interactive web UI
Authors: Currie Robert , Fitzpatrick Conor 
Published: September 2019

The LHCb Performance Regression (LHCbPR) framework allows for periodic software testing to be performed in a reproducible manner. LHCbPR provides a JavaScript based web front-end service, built atop industry standard tools such as AngularJS, Bootstrap and Django. This framework records the evolution of tests over time allowing for this data to be extracted for end-user analysis. The LHCbPR framework has been expanded to integrate the nightly testing and profiling. These developments allow for key performance metrics within the Trigger software to be monitored over time. Additionally, tests of the full physics reconstruction have been integrated into LHCbPR. These allow for tracking the effect that optimization work has on physics reconstruction performance.
This presentation will describe the integration of these tests into LHCbPR as well as describing the structure and new features developed for the frontend web service.