bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Palliative chemotherapy for patients with synchronous metastases of small‐bowel adenocarcinoma: A reflection of daily practice
Authors: Legué Laura M , Bernards Nienke , Lemmens Valery EPP , de Hingh Ignace HJT , Creemers Geert-Jan , van Erning Felice N 
Published: June 2019

BackgroundAs small‐bowel adenocarcinoma (SBA) is scarce, no standard systemic regimen in metastatic disease has been defined.ObjectiveTo obtain insights into the use and effects of palliative chemotherapy in patients with metastatic SBA in a population‐based setting.MethodsData from the Netherlands Cancer Registry of patients with metastatic SBA between 2007 and 2016 were used (n = 522). For patients treated with palliative chemotherapy, differences in treatment regimens and survival were evaluated.ResultsPalliative chemotherapy was received by 38% of patients (n = 199). First‐line combination chemotherapy was administered to 80% of patients, mainly CAPOX/FOLFOX. Single‐agent chemotherapy mostly consisted of capecitabine. Second‐line treatment, mostly irinotecan‐based (58%), was prescribed to 27% of patients. Age 70 years or older was an adverse predictive factor for receiving first‐line combination chemotherapy (odds ratio (OR) 0.2, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.08–0.62) and second‐line therapy (OR 0.3, 95% CI 0.10–0.72). Median overall survival with palliative chemotherapy was 9.3 months, compared with 3.0 months without. In subanalyses, patients who received only first‐line treatment had a median overall survival of 5.6 and 7.0 months after single‐agent and combination chemotherapy, respectively.ConclusionA minority of patients were treated with palliative chemotherapy. First‐line treatment consisted predominantly of oxaliplatin‐based combination chemotherapy, whereas second‐line treatment was mainly irinotecan‐based. Population‐based median overall survival for selected patients treated with chemotherapy amounted to nine months.
Exploratory MRI measures after intravenous autologous culture-expanded mesenchymal stem cell transplantation in multiple sclerosis
Authors: Feng Jenny , Offerman Erik , Lin Jian , Fisher Elizabeth , Planchon Sarah M , Sakaie Ken , Lowe Mark , Nakamura Kunio , Cohen Jeffrey A , Ontaneda Daniel 
Published: June 2019

Background Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) have immunomodulatory and neuro-protective properties and are being studied for treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS). Tractography-based diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), cortical thickness (Cth) and T2 lesion volume (T2LV) can provide insight into treatment effects. Objective The objective of this study was to analyse the effects of MSC transplantation in MS on exploratory MRI measures. Methods MRIs were obtained from 24 MS patients from a phase 1 open-label study of autologous MSC transplantation. DTI metrics were obtained in lesions and normal-appearing white matter motor tracts (NAWM). T2LV and Cth were derived. Longitudinal evolution of MRI outcomes were modelled using linear mixed effects. Pearson’s correlation was calculated between MRI and clinical measures. Results Lesional radial diffusivity (RD) and axial diffusivity (AD) decreased pre-transplant and showed no changes post-transplant. There were mixed trends in NAWM RD and AD pre/post-transplant. Transplantation stabilized T2LV growth. NAWM RD and AD correlated with Cth, T2LV and with leg and arm function but not with cognition. Lesional DTI demonstrated similar but less robust correlations. Conclusions Microstructural tissue integrity is altered in MS. DTI changes pre-transplant may be influenced by concomitant lesion accrual. Contributor to DTI stabilization post-transplant is multifactorial. DTI of major motor tracts correlated well with clinical measures, highlighting its sensitivity to clinically meaningful changes.
Firefighter daytime visibility: trim properties and conspicuity
Authors: Kahl Jonathan T. , Anderson Nathan J. , Casner Glenn , Shuman Vera , Gardner Tim J. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractConspicuity enhancing trims on turnout gear promote firefighters’ abilities to (1) reduce the possibility of struck-by accidents, (2) be located and recognized by others, and (3) coordinate their work with colleagues. Firefighting personal protective equipment (PPE) ensemble standards specify technical requirements for new visibility materials. A better understanding of the relation between laboratory measures of material properties and behavioral measures of conspicuity can be used to evaluate existing and newly developed turnout gear trim designs. The current paper examined how photometric luminance measures (%Y) of fluorescent trims on firefighter turnout gear relate to daytime conspicuity in two naturalistic field experiments (distance detection and identification, peripheral detection). The test samples consisted of lime yellow and orange-red fluorescent trims, including traditional solid trims and more recently developed segmented trims. We found overall strong relations between measured luminance and (1) observers’ detection of a firefighter from afar, and (2) observers’ identification of the color of a firefighter’s clothing in their peripheral view. A relation did not exist between %Y and peripheral detection. Additionally, the experiments demonstrated that traditional solid and newer segmented trim designs showed little conspicuity performance difference, with the only observed difference being in peripheral color identification. This suggests that the impact of luminance on conspicuity may be overestimated when evaluating a trim’s daytime performance. Our results further support that luminance measures alone are not sufficient to evaluate the conspicuity of turnout gear in naturalistic settings.
Sedentarism, Physical Activity, Steps, and Neurotrophic Factors in Obese Children
Authors: MORA-GONZALEZ JOSE , MIGUELES JAIRO H. , ESTEBAN-CORNEJO IRENE , CADENAS-SANCHEZ CRISTINA , PASTOR-VILLAESCUSA BELÉN , MOLINA-GARCÍA PABLO , RODRIGUEZ-AYLLON MARÍA , RICO MARÍA C. , GIL ANGEL , AGUILERA CONCEPCIÓN M. , ESCOLANO-MARGARIT MARÍA VICTORIA , GEJL ANNE KAER , ANDERSEN LARS BO , CATENA ANDRÉS , ORTEGA FRANCISCO B. 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACT

Purpose
This study aimed to examine the associations of sedentary time, physical activity (PA) and step-related behaviors with neurotrophic growth factors.

Methods
A total of 97 children with overweight/obesity age 8 to 11 yr participated in this study. Sedentary time, PA, and steps were measured by GT3X+ accelerometers in hip and nondominant wrist. Estimates of light, moderate, vigorous, and moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) were obtained. Steps per daytime, peak 60-, 30-, and 1-min cadence were computed. The time accumulated (min·d−1) in different cadence bands of steps was also computed from hip accelerometer. Plasma levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and insulin growth factor-1 (IGF-1) were determined by the XMap technology (Luminex IS 100/200 system, Luminex Corporation, Austin, TX).

Results
Light PA, moderate PA, MVPA, and the peak 60-min cadence were positively related with BDNF concentrations (all P < 0.05), and only light PA to VEGF (P = 0.048). No association was observed for IGF-1 (P > 0.05). The associations of light PA with BDNF and VEGF disappeared (all P > 0.05) after performing analyses with nondominant wrist-placement data. However, moderate PA and MVPA remained significantly associated with BDNF (both P < 0.05). The time accumulated in cadence bands of 40 to 59 steps per day and 60 to 79 steps per day (i.e., walking at slow pace) was positively associated with plasma BDNF (all P < 0.05).

Conclusions
In conclusion, PA is positively related to plasma BDNF, whereas no relationship was observed for VEGF or IGF-1. Higher amounts of time spent in slow walking cadence bands could increment BDNF levels. Exercise-based randomized controlled trials in children with overweight/obesity should be carried out to better understand the influence of PA behaviors on the neurotrophic factors.
Fuel Use during Exercise at Altitude in Women with Glucose–Fructose Ingestion
Authors: O’HARA JOHN P. , DUCKWORTH LAUREN , BLACK ALISTAIR , WOODS DAVID R. , MELLOR ADRIAN , BOOS CHRISTOPHER , GALLAGHER LIAM , TSAKIRIDES COSTAS , ARJOMANDKHAH NICOLA C. , MORRISON DOUGLAS J. , PRESTON THOMAS , KING RODERICK F. G. J. 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACT

Purpose
This study compared the coingestion of glucose and fructose on exogenous and endogenous substrate oxidation during prolonged exercise at terrestrial high altitude (HA) versus sea level, in women.

Method
Five women completed two bouts of cycling at the same relative workload (55% W
max) for 120 min on acute exposure to HA (3375 m) and at sea level (~113 m). In each trial, participants ingested 1.2 g·min−1 of glucose (enriched with 13C glucose) and 0.6 g·min−1 of fructose (enriched with 13C fructose) before and every 15 min during exercise. Indirect calorimetry and isotope ratio mass spectrometry were used to calculate fat oxidation, total and exogenous carbohydrate oxidation, plasma glucose oxidation, and endogenous glucose oxidation derived from liver and muscle glycogen.

Results
The rates and absolute contribution of exogenous carbohydrate oxidation was significantly lower at HA compared with sea level (effect size [ES] > 0.99, P < 0.024), with the relative exogenous carbohydrate contribution approaching significance (32.6% ± 6.1% vs 36.0% ± 6.1%, ES = 0.56, P = 0.059) during the second hour of exercise. In comparison, no significant differences were observed between HA and sea level for the relative and absolute contributions of liver glucose (3.2% ± 1.2% vs 3.1% ± 0.8%, ES = 0.09, P = 0.635 and 5.1 ± 1.8 vs 5.4 ± 1.7 g, ES = 0.19, P = 0.217), and muscle glycogen (14.4% ± 12.2% vs 15.8% ± 9.3%, ES = 0.11, P = 0.934 and 23.1 ± 19.0 vs 28.7 ± 17.8 g, ES = 0.30, P = 0.367). Furthermore, there was no significant difference in total fat oxidation between HA and sea level (66.3 ± 21.4 vs 59.6 ± 7.7 g, ES = 0.32, P = 0.557).

Conclusions
In women, acute exposure to HA reduces the reliance on exogenous carbohydrate oxidation during cycling at the same relative exercise intensity.
ОСОБЕННОСТИ ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОГО РАЗВИТИЯ МЛАДШИХ ШКОЛЬНИКОВ ПРИ ПЕРЕХОДЕ К ОБУЧЕНИЮ В ОСНОВНОЙ ШКОЛЕ
Authors: Kargin M. I. , Smirnov E. A. 
Published: June 2019

В статье раскрываются различные подходы к определению термина «интеллектуальное развитие», разъясняются особенности интеллектуального развития младших школьников, его взаимосвязь со школьной успеваемостью. Автором представлены данные теоретического анализа научных трудов по теме, результаты исследования, позволяющего определить особенности интеллектуального развития младших школьников при переходе к обучению в средней школе.
School bullying and symptoms of depression
Authors: dervishi eglantina 
Published: June 2019

Aim of the studyThe purpose of the present study is to explore the relationship between bullying behavior and depressive symptoms in adolescentsSubject or material and methodsMethods:The research study included 284 teenagers, of whom 145 (51.1%) females and 139 (48.9%) males. Students ranged from the age of 13 to the maximum at 18 years old. Average age of surveyed students (M = 15.5) years with a standard deviation SD 1.2. The data were collected through the Children's Depression Inventory (CDI, Kovacs, 1978) and the Reciprocal Relationship Assessment Questionnaire (PRQ) (Rigby & Slee, 1994).ResultsThe results revealed that there is a significant statistical relationship between the frequency of adolescent victimization and their depressive symptoms (Sig 2 tailed = 0.00 <0.05), so children who were more prey to bulling behaviors experienced more depressive symptoms (0.3 < r = 0.485 <0.6).DiscussionThe relationship between victimizing behaviors and depressive symptoms in adolescents seems to be at the same time controlling the gender, age, and academic performance variables. The findings revealed that prey to depression symptoms were also adolescents included in the victim's and aggressor's profile.ConclusionsConclusions: Being a victim or aggressor compose a strong indicator relating to the likely chances to be affected by depression. In this aspect, variables such as age, gender and academic achievement seem to have no significant role in the bulling-depression binomial function.
Choice of medical specialty and personality traits measured with the EPQ-R(S) in medical students and specialist doctors
Authors: Kuriata Aneta , Borys Elżbieta , Misiołek Urszula , Gałczyński Adam , Runowska Katarzyna , Cyranka Katarzyna , Krupa Anna , Mielimąka Michał , Rutkowski Krzysztof 
Published: June 2019

Aim of the studyThe study was conducted to examine the differences between personality traits of medical students choosing future specialties and among specialist doctors.Subject or material and methodsTwo groups were tested: students and specialist doctors, in total 87 people. The first group consisted of 5th and 6th year medical students (48 people), and the second group of doctors of various specialties (39 people). The statistical analysis was performed using the Statistica 10 software. The significance level of p <0.05 was chosen. The EPQ-R(S) test was used to assess the personality traits.ResultsIn the group of students, there were no differences in the personality traits measured by the EPQ-R(S) test depending on their preferred specialty (surgical, non-surgical, pediatric, internal medicine specialties or areas, which do not require contact with the patient). In the group of specialist doctors there were no differences in personality traits measured by the EPQ-R(S) test for pediatric and surgical specialists. It was confirmed that internal medicine specialists have a higher level of extraversion.DiscussionPersonality traits are not the most important factor influencing the choice of the professional path of young Polish doctors. Contrary to the stereotypes prevailing in the medical environment, also among specialist doctors, the personality differences are not so obvious.ConclusionsThe results of this study can be used in medical career counseling, in order to help young medical students to choose their future career path.
Reviews
Authors: Mariani Annachiara , Mariani Annachiara , Mariani Annachiara , Mariani Annachiara , Mariani Annachiara 
Published: June 2019

Loro 1 and Loro 2, Paolo Sorrentino (dir.) (2018) Italy and France: Indigo Films
Piccole avventure romane (Fleeting Roman Adventures), Paolo Sorrentino (dir.) (2018) Italy: Collateral Films and Indigo Film.
Del desiderio e del godimento: viaggio al termine dell’ideologia ne La grande bellezza di Paolo Sorrentino, Guido Mori (2018) Milan: Mimesis, 195 pp., ISBN 978-8-85754-246-1, p/bk, €18.00
La maschera, il potere, la solitudine: il cinema di Paolo Sorrentino, Franco Vigni (2017) Firenze: Aska, 264 pp., ISBN 978-8-87542-177-9, p/bk, €20.00, ePUB, €17.00
The Young Sorrentino, Italo Moscati (2017) Rome: Castelvecchi Editore, 60 pp., ISBN 978-8-86944-927-7, p/bk, €7.50
O estado da arte em ecologia do solo
Authors: Gonçalves Thamyres Sabrina 
Published: June 2019

O ecossistema solo é amplamente divulgado como sendo um dos mais ricos ecossistemas do mundo todavia, apesar de ser reconhecida essa grande complexidade ecossistêmica do solo pouco se conhece acerca das interações que ocorrem nesse ecossistema. As interações que são conhecidas a maior parte delas não foram estudadas dentro da dinâmica natural de funcionamento do ecossistema do solo. Portanto, são amplamente necessários trabalhos que investiguem o estado da arte do conhecimento em ecologia do solo, biologia do solo e de todas as interações que acontecem nesse ecossistema, pois somente a partir do conhecimento e entendimento do que já fora gerado em termos de conhecimento cientifico sobre esses processos, abaixo e acima da camada edáfica superficial é que poderemos avançar de modo a produzir um conhecimento para atender as demandas acerca dos processos ecológicos no solo. Os resultados dessa revisão bibliográfica mostram que houveram importantes avanços na ciência acerca dos processos de interação ecológica no ecossistema solo e que em muito contribuíram para a ecologia, mas que ainda existem muitos temas ou tópicos a serem abordados e organismos pouco ou quase nada estudados. Conclui-se que o ecossistema solo pode ser um ambiente de grandes contribuições para a compreensão de como os processos antrópicos têm influenciado a biodiversidade terrestre e também como poderemos estudar a recuperação dos processos biológicos que foram perdidos em alguns ecossistemas.
Peritoneal Lymphomatosis Masquerading as Pyoperitoneum in a Teenage Boy
Authors: Ravindranath Aathira , Srivastava Anshu , Seetharaman Jayendra , Pandey Rakesh , Sarma Moinak Sen , Poddar Ujjal , Yachha Surender Kumar 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACT
A 16-year-old boy presented with 1 month of fever, abdominal pain, and distension. The ascitic tap drained pus-like fluid, and ultrasonography showed diffuse thickening of the omentum and mesentery with echogenic ascites. A diagnosis of pyoperitoneum due to peritoneal tuberculosis with secondary infection was suspected, and antitubercular therapy was started elsewhere, but there was no improvement. Computed tomography of the abdomen revealed enhancing soft-tissue thickening in the retroperitoneum, extending into the mesentery and encasing the superior and inferior mesenteric vessels. The ascitic fluid appearance deceptively resembled pus, but further analysis revealed atypical lymphocytes. Omental and bone marrow biopsies confirmed Burkitt lymphoma. Awareness of this rare presentation is imperative for making a correct diagnosis.
Inducción a la profesión docente: Los problemas de los profesores principiantes en la República Dominicana
Authors: Jáspez Juan Francisco , Sánchez-Moreno Marita 
Published: June 2019

Este artículo presenta los hallazgos de un estudio exploratorio-descriptivo, con un enfoque cuantitativo-cualitativo, cuyo objetivo fue identificar y describir los problemas de los profesores principiantes que participaron en un programa de inducción docente (INDUCTIO) en la República Dominicana. Se diseñaron dos cuestionarios ad hoc y se aplicaron a 363 profesores principiantes y 45 mentores respectivamente. Igualmente se desarrollaron dos grupos focales, uno con doce profesores principiantes y otro con diez mentores. Los hallazgos reflejan que el manejo de la disciplina, la motivación y dar respuesta a las diferencias individuales de los estudiantes son los problemas que más afrontan los profesores principiantes. La percepción acerca de dichos problemas mejora notablemente tras permanecer en el programa cinco meses. Finalmente, se detectan diferencias significativas entre los problemas identificados al inicio del programa tanto por los profesores principiantes como por los mentores. Del mismo modo, se observaron diferencias significativas en relación con los problemas que ambos grupos refieren haber superado.
Was kommt nach der Aktivierung?
Authors: Brussig Martin 
Published: June 2019

ZusammenfassungSeit nunmehr 20 Jahren wird die Arbeitsmarktpolitik in Deutschland durch das Konzept der Aktivierung dominiert. Das Leitbild der Aktivierung wurde durch eine spezifische Ausrichtung in der Forschung über Arbeitsmarktpolitik begleitet und konzeptionell gestützt. Inzwischen mehren sich die Anzeichen, dass sich das Leitbild der Aktivierung für die Forschung erschöpft hat. Unklar ist bislang, welche neuen Leitbilder das Leitbild der Aktivierung ersetzen. Ziel dieses Beitrags ist, mögliche Kandidaten für konkurrierende arbeitsmarktpolitische Leitbilder vorzustellen und abzuschätzen, welche Impulse von diesen Leitbildern für die Forschung über Arbeitsmarktpolitik ausgehen.
Psychische Belastung als Gegenstand des Arbeitsschutzes
Authors: Beck David 
Published: June 2019

Zusammenfassung
Arbeitgeber sind gesetzlich verpflichtet, bei Maßnahmen des Arbeitsschutzes und der dazu erforderlichen Gefährdungsbeurteilung auch psychische Belastungen zu berücksichtigen. Psychosoziale Risiken der Arbeit sind allerdings durch eine hohe Komplexität und Dynamik sowie durch vielfältige Interdependenzen gekennzeichnet. Die im vorliegenden Beitrag berichtete Studie soll dazu beitragen, das Wissen über die Herausforderungen, die sich daraus für die betriebliche Arbeitsschutzpraxis ergeben, auszubauen. Grundlage der Analyse sind leitfadenstrukturierte Interviews mit Akteuren aus 32 Betrieben, denen in ihrem Betrieb die Organisation und Umsetzung der Gefährdungsbeurteilung psychischer Belastung oblag. Bezugnehmend auf deren Erfahrungen lassen sich vier typische Herausforderungen unterscheiden: (1) die Entwicklung einer angemessenen Verfahrensweise zur Gefährdungsbeurteilung; (2) der Umgang mit den partikularen Problemsichten und Interessen der betrieblichen Stakeholder; (3) die wirksame Einbindung der Führungskräfte in die Umsetzung der Gefährdungsbeurteilung; (4) die Berücksichtigung von Aktivitäten zur Reduzierung psychosozialer Risiken, die im Betrieb jenseits der Strukturen betrieblichen Arbeitsschutzes realisiert werden. Analysiert wird zum einen, auf welche Probleme und Erfordernisse mit diesen Herausforderungen im Einzelnen verwiesen wird, und zum anderen, welche diesbezüglichen Lösungen von den Akteuren entwickelt und welche Schwierigkeiten dabei ggf. erlebt werden. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Organisation und Logik betrieblichen Arbeitsschutzhandelns im Umgang mit psychosozialen Risiken grundlegend verändert wird.
Arbeitsfähig bis ins Rentenalter
Authors: Reber Melanie , Jansen Anne 
Published: June 2019

ZusammenfassungAufgrund des demografischen Wandels sowie der technisch-ökonomischen und gesellschaftlichen Entwicklungen hat das Thema „Active Aging“ im Kontext der Arbeit jüngst an Interesse gewonnen. Ziel ist, die Arbeitsfähigkeit älterer Mitarbeitenden zu fördern, um sie bis zur Pensionierung gesund, motiviert und leistungsfähig zu halten. Beschäftigte in Einfacharbeit standen dabei bisher nur selten im Fokus. Deshalb wird mittels Experteninterviews und Gruppendiskussionen mit betroffenen Beschäftigten in einem Fallunternehmen untersucht, wie die Faktoren zur Förderung der Arbeitsfähigkeit gestaltet werden können, um den spezifischen Herausforderungen von älteren Mitarbeitenden in Einfacharbeit in Produktionsunternehmen zu begegnen. Es zeigt sich, dass Interventionen zur Förderung der körperlichen Fitness in den Arbeitsalltag integriert und die Kompetenzentwicklung durch eine lernförderliche Gestaltung der Arbeitstätigkeit sichergestellt werden sollten. Potenzial wird auch bei der Unterstützung durch Führungskräfte und im sozialen Umfeld gesehen. Basierend auf den Ergebnissen werden Praxisempfehlungen und weiterführende Forschungsfragen diskutiert.
Arbeitszufriedenheit als soziales Problemlösen
Authors: Jochims Thorsten 
Published: June 2019

ZusammenfassungArbeitszufriedenheit ist wahrscheinlich das meistuntersuchte Phänomen in den Sozialwissenschaften. Dennoch überraschen immer wieder uneinheitliche Befunde in der Forschung. In gängigen Studien mangelt es häufig an einer klaren theoretischen Fundierung und an einer Festlegung, was unter Arbeitszufriedenheit zu verstehen ist. Im vorliegenden Aufsatz wird Arbeitszufriedenheit als Konstrukt definiert, das im Prozess des sozialen Problemlösens über den Aufbau von Ressourcen entsteht. Die Vermeidung von Unzufriedenheit als verhaltenslenkende Kraft rückt hierbei in den Vordergrund. Der Aufbau von Ressourcen im Arbeitsalltag wird mittels der Conservation-of-Resources-Theorie beschrieben und im weiteren Schritt empirisch näher untersucht. Als ein zentrales Ergebnis kann festgehalten werden, dass das Lösen von Problemen im sozialen Miteinander in der Organisation sich maßgeblich auf den Aufbau von Ressourcen und somit auf die Steigerung der Arbeitszufriedenheit auswirkt.