bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fermi level-tuned optics of graphene for attocoulomb-scale quantification of electron transfer at single gold nanoparticles
Authors: Xia Qing , Chen Zixuan , Xiao Pengwei , Wang Minxuan , Chen Xueqin , Zhang Jian-Rong , Chen Hong-Yuan , Zhu Jun-Jie 
Published: August 2019

AbstractMeasurement of electron transfer at single-molecule level is normally restricted by the detection limit of faraday current, currently in a picoampere to nanoampere range. Here we demonstrate a unique graphene-based electrochemical microscopy technique to make an advance in the detection limit. The optical signal of electron transfer arises from the Fermi level-tuned Rayleigh scattering of graphene, which is further enhanced by immobilized gold nanostars. Owing to the specific response to surface charged carriers, graphene-based electrochemical microscopy enables an attoampere-scale detection limit of faraday current at multiple individual gold nanoelectrodes simultaneously. Using the graphene-based electrochemical microscopy, we show the capability to quantitatively measure the attocoulomb-scale electron transfer in cytochrome c adsorbed at a single nanoelectrode. We anticipate the graphene-based electrochemical microscopy to be a potential electrochemical tool for in situ study of biological electron transfer process in organelles, for example the mitochondrial electron transfer, in consideration of the anti-interference ability to chemicals and organisms.
Visible-light-switched electron transfer over single porphyrin-metal atom center for highly selective electroreduction of carbon dioxide
Authors: Yang Deren , Yu Hongde , He Ting , Zuo Shouwei , Liu Xiaozhi , Yang Haozhou , Ni Bing , Li Haoyi , Gu Lin , Wang Dong , Wang Xun 
Published: August 2019

AbstractExternal fields are introduced to catalytic processes to improve catalytic activities. The light field effect plays an important role in electrocatalytic processes, but is not fully understood. Here we report a series of photo-coupled electrocatalysts for CO2 reduction by mimicking the structure of chlorophyll. The porphyrin-Au catalyst exhibits a high turnover frequency of 37,069 h−1 at −1.1 V and CO Faradaic efficiency (FE) of 94.2% at −0.9 V. Under visible light, the electrocatalyst reaches similar turnover frequency and FE with potential reduced by ~ 130 mV. Interestingly, the light-induced positive shifts of 20, 100, and 130 mV for porphyrin-Co, porphyrin-Cu, and porphyrin-Au electrocatalysts are consistent with their energy gaps of 0, 1.5, and 1.7 eV, respectively, suggesting the porphyrin not only serves as a ligand but also as a photoswitch to regulate electron transfer pathway to the metal center.
Mapping insoluble indole metabolites in the gastrointestinal environment of a murine colorectal cancer model using desorption/ionisation on porous silicon imaging
Authors: Rudd David Andre , Benkendorff Kirsten , Chahal Charndeep , Guinan Taryn , Gustafsson Ove Johan Ragnar , Esmaeelian Babak , Krysinska Hanna , Pogson Lisa , Voelcker Nicolas Hans , Abbott Catherine Anne 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIndole derivatives are a structurally diverse group of compounds found in food, toxins, medicines, and produced by commensal microbiota. On contact with acidic stomach conditions, indoles undergo condensation to generate metabolites that vary in solubility, activity and toxicity as they move through the gut. Here, using halogenated ions, we map promising chemo-preventative indoles, i) 6-bromoisatin (6Br), ii) the mixed indole natural extract (NE) 6Br is found in, and iii) the highly insoluble metabolites formed in vivo using desorption/ionisation on porous silicon-mass spectrometry imaging (DIOS-MSI). The functionalised porous silicon architecture allowed insoluble metabolites to be detected that would otherwise evade most analytical platforms, providing direct evidence for identifying the therapeutic component, 6Br, from the mixed indole NE. As a therapeutic lead, 0.025 mg/g 6Br acts as a chemo-preventative compound in a 12 week genotoxic mouse model; at this dose 6Br significantly reduces epithelial cell proliferation, tumour precursors (aberrant crypt foci; ACF); and tumour numbers while having minimal effects on liver, blood biochemistry and weight parameters compared to controls. The same could not be said for the NE where 6Br originates, which significantly increased liver damage markers. DIOS-MSI revealed a large range of previously unknown insoluble metabolites that could contribute to reduced efficacy and increased toxicity.
Identifying a glucose metabolic brain pattern in an adeno-associated viral vector based rat model for Parkinson’s disease using 18F-FDG PET imaging
Authors: Devrome Martijn , Casteels Cindy , Van der Perren Anke , Van Laere Koen , Baekelandt Veerle , Koole Michel 
Published: August 2019

AbstractWe investigated the glucose metabolism in an adeno-associated viral vector based alpha-synuclein rat model for Parkinson’s disease (PD) using longitudinal 18F-FDG PET imaging, which resulted in an improved characterization of this animal model. We generated a PD specific pattern (PDSP) based on a multivariate classification approach to differentiate between a PD and control group at a late disease stage, where the neurodegeneration is considered nearly complete. In particular, we applied a principal component analysis prior to classification by a support vector machine (SVM). Moreover, by using a SVM for regression to predict corresponding motor scores, a PD motor pattern (PDMP) was derived as well. The PDSP mainly corresponds to the PDMP and overlaps to a large extent with the human pattern. We were able to quantify disease expression at previous time points by projecting onto the PDSP and PDMP. While a univariate analysis indicated metabolic changes which did not persist through time, both PDSP and PDMP were able to differentiate significantly (p-value < 0.05) between the PD and control group at week 4, 6 and 9 post injection, while no significant differences were obtained at baseline and at week 3, which is in accordance with the animal model.
Prevalence and diversity of Bartonella species in small rodents from coastal and continental areas
Authors: Mardosaitė-Busaitienė Dalytė , Radzijevskaja Jana , Balčiauskas Linas , Bratchikov Maksim , Jurgelevičius Vaclovas , Paulauskas Algimantas 
Published: August 2019

AbstractWorldwide, Bartonella infections are known to inflict a wide range of mammals and, within rodents alone, more than 20 Bartonella species have been detected. There is, however, a lack of studies on the presence of Bartonella spp. in rodents in the Baltic region. We analysed 580 individuals belonging to eight small rodent species trapped in coastal and continental areas of Lithuania during 2015–2016. The presence of Bartonella DNA was examined by real-time PCR targeting the ssrA gene. The molecular characterization of the bacteria strains was based on sequence analysis of two housekeeping genes (rpoB, groEL) and the intergenic spacer region (ITS). For the rodents overall, the prevalence of Bartonella spp. was 54.8%, while the prevalence figures for each of the individual species were 8.3% in M. musculus, 15.8% in A. agrarius, 33.3% in M. arvalis, 42.4% in M. glareolus, 53.4% in M. oeconomus, 57.5% in M. minutus, 79.6% in A. flavicollis to 80% in M. agrestis. Sequence analysis revealed that the Bartonella strains belonged to the B. grahamii, B. taylorii, B. rochalimae, B. tribocorum, B. coopersplainsensis and B. doshiae genogroups. The highest Bartonella infection rates and the highest species diversity were both detected in rodents captured in the coastal area. To our knowledge, these are the first reports of the presence of B. coopersplainsensis, B. doshiae and B. tribocorum in Lithuania.
Proteomic enzyme analysis of the marine fungus Paradendryphiella salina reveals alginate lyase as a minimal adaptation strategy for brown algae degradation
Authors: Pilgaard Bo , Wilkens Casper , Herbst Florian-Alexander , Vuillemin Marlene , Rhein-Knudsen Nanna , Meyer Anne S. , Lange Lene 
Published: August 2019

AbstractWe set out to investigate the genetic adaptations of the marine fungus Paradendryphiella salina CBS112865 for degradation of brown macroalgae. We performed whole genome and transcriptome sequencing and shotgun proteomic analysis of the secretome of P. salina grown on three species of brown algae and under carbon limitation. Genome comparison with closely related terrestrial fungi revealed that P. salina had a similar but reduced CAZyme profile relative to the terrestrial fungi except for the presence of three putative alginate lyases from Polysaccharide Lyase (PL) family 7 and a putative PL8 with similarity to ascomycete chondroitin AC lyases. Phylogenetic and homology analyses place the PL7 sequences amongst mannuronic acid specific PL7 proteins from marine bacteria. Recombinant expression, purification and characterization of one of the PL7 genes confirmed the specificity. Proteomic analysis of the P. salina secretome when growing on brown algae, revealed the PL7 and PL8 enzymes abundantly secreted together with enzymes necessary for degradation of laminarin, cellulose, lipids and peptides. Our findings indicate that the basic CAZyme repertoire of saprobic and plant pathogenic ascomycetes, with the addition of PL7 alginate lyases, provide P. salina with sufficient enzymatic capabilities to degrade several types of brown algae polysaccharides.
Climate factors associated with the population dynamics of Sitodiplosis mosellana (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) in central China
Authors: Miao Jin , Huang Jianrong , Wu Yuqing , Gong Zhongjun , Li Huiling , Zhang Guoyan , Duan Yun , Li Tong , Jiang Yueli 
Published: August 2019

AbstractUnderstanding the impacts of climate on insect pest population dynamics is crucial in forecasting pest outbreaks and developing a sustainable pest management strategy. The orange wheat blossom midge, Sitodiplosis mosellana (Géhin), is a chronic winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) pest in China, and its population density can strongly fluctuate. We analyzed climate factors (temperature and precipitation) associated with population dynamics of S. mosellana in a large-scale field trial in central China from 1984 to 2013 using Generalized linear mixed effects models. We found total precipitation during January–March was significantly positively correlated with population density of S. mosellana, whereas temperature parameters were not correlated with the population levels. Moreover, S. mosellana population size was significantly negative effected by interaction between temperature and precipitation, which showed that high precipitation with low temperature in spring also reduced the population density. This suggests that annual population size of S. mosellana in Central China is determined by soil moisture in early spring. These results provide basic information that will help in forecasting population levels and in developing a sound pest management strategy for S. mosellana.
Expression of vascular infarction-related molecules after anti-vascular endothelium growth factor treatment for diabetic macular edema
Authors: Sugimoto Masahiko , Wakamatsu Yasuko , Miyata Ryohei , Nunome Takayasu , Tenma Yumiho , Matsubara Hisashi , Kondo Mineo , Wada Hideo , Nakatani Kaname 
Published: August 2019

AbstractTo determine whether an intravitreal injection of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) in eyes with diabetic macular edema (DME) affects the vascular infarction-related molecules (VIRMs). Nineteen eyes with DME were treated with 0.5 mg of intravitreal ranibizumab (IVR), and 22 eyes with DME were treated with 2 mg of intravitreal aflibercept (IVA). Blood was collected before, 1 week and 1 month after the injections. Aqueous humor was collected before and 1 month after the injections. The concentration of the VIRMs (cardiac myoglobin, cardiac troponin, intercellular adhesion molecule, monocyte chemotactic protein-1, matrix metalloproteinase-8, placental growth factor [PlGF], tenascin-C, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1, thrombospondin-2, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, and VEGF) were determined by the multiplex assay. After the single injection of both types of anti-VEGF agents, the concentration of aqueous VEGF decreased significantly (P < 0.01). The plasma VEGF was reduced significantly at 1 week after the IVA (93.7 ± 17.6 to 39.5 ± 11.6 pg/ml; P < 0.01) but no significant change was seen after IVR (120.2 ± 11.3 to 137.4 ± 17.7 pg/ml). No significant changes were detected for the other VIRMs in the plasma and aqueous. A single intravitreal injection of anti-VEGF for DME does not significantly affect the concentration of several VIRMs.
Assessment of methylcitrate and methylcitrate to citrate ratio in dried blood spots as biomarkers for inborn errors of propionate metabolism
Authors: Al-Dirbashi Osama Y. , Alfadhel Majid , Al-Thihli Khalid , Al Dhahouri Nahid , Langhans Claus-Dieter , Al Hammadi Zalikha , Al-Shamsi Aisha , Hertecant Jozef , Okun Jürgen G. , Hoffmann Georg F. , Al-Jasmi Fatma 
Published: August 2019

AbstractDeficiency of propionyl-CoA carboxylase causes propionic acidemia and deficiencies of methylmalonyl-CoA mutase or its cofactor adenosylcobalamin cause methylmalonic acidemia. These inherited disorders lead to pathological accumulation of propionyl-CoA which is converted in Krebs cycle to methylcitrate (MCA) in a reaction catalyzed by citrate synthase. In healthy individuals where no propionyl-CoA accumulation occurs, this enzyme drives the condensation of acetyl-CoA with oxaloacetate to produce citric acid (CA), a normal Krebs cycle intermediate. The competitive synthesis of CA and MCA through the same enzymatic mechanism implies that increase in MCA production is accompanied by decrease in CA levels. In this study, we assessed MCA concentration and the ratio of MCA/CA as plausible markers for propionic and methylmalonic acidemias. We measured MCA and CA in dried blood spots using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. The reference ranges of MCA, CA and MCA/CA in 123 healthy individuals were ≤0.63 µmol/L, 36.6–126.4 µmol/L and 0.0019–0.0074, respectively. In patients with propionic and methylmalnic acidemias (n = 7), MCA concentration ranged between 1.0–12.0 µmol/L whereas MCA/CA was between 0.012–0.279. This is the first report to describe the potential role of MCA and MCA/CA in dried blood spots as diagnostic and monitoring biomarkers for inherited disorders of propionyl-CoA metabolism.
Speeded-Up Focus Control of Electrically Tunable Lens by Sparse Optimization
Authors: Iwai Daisuke , Izawa Hidetoshi , Kashima Kenji , Ueda Tatsuyuki , Sato Kosuke 
Published: August 2019

AbstractElectrically tunable lenses (ETL), also known as liquid lenses, can be focused at various distances by changing the electric signal applied on the lens. ETLs require no mechanical structures, and therefore, provide a more compact and inexpensive focus control than conventional computerized translation stages. They have been exploited in a wide range of imaging and display systems and enabled novel applications for the last several years. However, the optical fluid in the ETL is rippled after the actuation, which physically limits the response time and significantly hampers the applicability range. To alleviate this problem, we apply a sparse optimization framework that optimizes the temporal pattern of the electrical signal input to the ETL. In verification experiments, the proposed method accelerated the convergence of the focal length to the target patterns. In particular, it converged the optical power to the target at twice the speed of the simply determined input signal, and increased the quality of the captured image during multi-focal imaging.
Local light-activation of the Src oncoprotein in an epithelial monolayer promotes collective extrusion
Authors: Moitrier Sarah , Pricoupenko Nastassia , Kerjouan Adèle , Oddou Christiane , Destaing Olivier , Battistella Aude , Silberzan Pascal , Bonnet Isabelle 
Published: August 2019

AbstractTransformed isolated cells are usually extruded from normal epithelia and subsequently eliminated. However, multicellular tumors outcompete healthy cells, highlighting the importance of collective effects. Here, we investigate this situation in vitro by controlling in space and time the activity of the Src oncoprotein within a normal Madin–Darby Canine Kidney (MDCK) epithelial cell monolayer. Using an optogenetics approach with cells expressing a synthetic light-sensitive version of Src (optoSrc), we reversibly trigger the oncogenic activity by exposing monolayers to well-defined light patterns. We show that small populations of activated optoSrc cells embedded in the non-transformed monolayer collectively extrude as a tridimensional aggregate and remain alive, while the surrounding normal cells migrate towards the exposed area. This phenomenon requires an interface between normal and transformed cells and is partially reversible. Traction forces show that Src-activated cells either actively extrude or are pushed out by the surrounding cells in a non-autonomous way.
Asymptotic behavior of theW1∕q,q-norm of mollifiedBVfunctions and applications to singular perturbation problems
Authors: Poliakovsky Arkady 
Published: August 2019

Motivated by results of Figalli and Jerison [J. Funct. Anal.266(2014) 1685–1701] and Hernández [Pure Appl. Funct. Anal., Preprinthttps://arxiv.org/abs/1709.08262(2017)], we prove the following formula:\begin{equation*} %\label{hjhjjggjjjkhkhjjhjhhgghjhjhjljkjk} \lim_{\e\to 0^+}\frac{1}{|\ln{\e}|}\big\|\eta_\e*u\big\|^q_{W^{1/q,q}(\Omega)}= C_0\int_{J_u}\Big|u^+(x)-u^-(x)\Big|^q{\rm d}\mathcal{H}^{N-1}(x), \end{equation*}where Ω ⊂ ℝNis a regular domain,u∈BV(Ω) ∩L∞(Ω),q> 1 andηε(z) =ε−Nη(z∕ε) is a smooth mollifier. In addition, we apply the above formula to the study of certain singular perturbation problems.
Teamwork im OP
Authors: Welk Ina 
Published: August 2019

ZusammenfassungTeamorientiertes Arbeiten im OP ist die Basis für einen reibungslosen
Betriebsablauf. Wie es gelingt, dabei typische Konfliktfelder zu umschiffen und
die Kooperation der verschiedenen Berufsgruppen zu fördern, erläutert unsere
Autorin.
Ensaio biomecânico após retirada de parafusos canulados do fêmur proximal (análise in vitro)
Authors: Freitas Anderson , Ramos Lucas S. , Dantas Érgon LAB , Giordano Neto Vincenzo , Godinho Patrick F. , Shimano Antônio C. 
Published: August 2019

Resumo
Objetivo Avaliar, por meio de ensaio biomecânico, a resistência e a energia necessária para ocorrência de fratura do fêmur proximal em osso sintético após retirada de parafusos canulados em forma de triângulo invertido e comparar os resultados obtidos com técnica de reforço utilizando polimetilmetacrilato (PMMA).
Métodos Foram utilizados 20 ossos sintéticos: 10 unidades para o grupo controle; 5 o grupo teste sem reforço, sem preenchimento após a retirada dos parafusos canulados, e 5 o para grupo teste com reforço com PMMA. A análise biomecânica foi realizada simulando queda sobre o grande trocânter utilizando máquina servo-hidráulica.
Resultados Todos os corpos de prova dos grupos controle e sem cimento apresentaram fratura baso-cervical. No grupo teste com preechimento, três corpos de prova apresentaram fratura baso-cervical, enquanto que dois deles apresentaram fratura na parte próxima ao ponto de fixação no dispositivo (região diafisária do fêmur), sendo um deles associado a fratura do colo femoral. Foi utilizada uma média de 8.2 ml de polimetilmetacrilato no preenchimento dos três pertuitos do grupo com preenchimento. Segundo a análise de variância (ANOVA, na sigla em inglês) para um fator e o teste de comparações múltiplas de Tukey, ao nível de 5%, o grupo com cimento apresentou diferença significativa em relação aos outros grupos em todos os parâmetros.
Conclusão A simples retirada dos parafusos canulados não apresentou redução significativa da carga máxima e da energia necessárias para a ocorrência de fratura; porém, o reforço do fêmur proximal com polimetilmetacrilato aumentou significativamente esses parâmetros, causando mudanças no padrão fraturário.
Assisted Reproductive Technologies in Latin America and Europe: a Comparative Analysis of Reported Databases for 2013
Authors: Duarte-Filho Oscar Barbosa , Bianchi Paulo Homem de Mello , Lobel Alexandre Likier Steinberg , Peregrino Pedro Felipe Magalhães , Piccinato Carla de Azevedo , Podgaec Sérgio 
Published: August 2019

Objective To compare the Latin American and European assisted reproductive technology (ART) registries regarding data accessibility and quality, treatment utilization, effectiveness, safety, and quality of services.Methods We performed an ecological study using data from scientific publications of Latin American and European registries that report cycles initiated during 2013 (the most recent registries available until December of 2017). The summarized data are presented as frequencies, percentages, minimum-maximum values, and absolute numbers.Results Reporting clinics and cycle treatments were unevenly distributed between the participating countries for both registries, although access to ART is 15 times greater in Europe. In Latin America, individual services participate voluntarily reporting started cycles until cancellation, birth or miscarriage, while in Europe it varied among countries. It makes the data available from Latin America more uniform, although lesser representative when compared with European ones, given that reporting is compulsory for most countries. The cumulative live birth rate was better in Latin America. Female age, use of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), cycles with transfer of ≥ 3 embryos, as well as multiple pregnancy rates were greater in the Latin American Register of Assisted Reproduction (RLA, in the Portuguese acronym). Assisted reproductive technology complications, such as ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome, hemorrhage, and infections were also higher in Latin America, although they are extremely uncommon in both regions.Conclusion Both regions have points to improve in the quality of their reports. Latin America has produced a more uniform reporting, their clinical results are generally comparable and sometimes higher than the European ones. In contrast, the safety of the treatment was higher in Europe, with lower rates of complications, especially multiple pregnancies.
Estudo comparativo da osteointegração de enxertos ósseos irradiados e não irradiados utilizados em pacientes com revisão de artroplastia do quadril
Authors: da Silva André Ferreira , Antebi Uri , Honda Emerson Kiyoshi , Rudelli Marco , Guimarães Rodrigo Pereira 
Published: August 2019

Resumo
Objetivo Avaliar e comparar a osteointegração dos enxertos ósseos congelados irradiados e não irradiados utilizados em 21 pacientes submetidos a revisão de prótese do quadril pela técnica Exeter.
Métodos Foi realizado estudo retrospectivo de 21 pacientes submetidos a revisão de artroplastia do quadril pela técnica Exeter com utilização de tecidos ósseos tratados ou não com radiação gama no período entre 2013 e 2014. Dividimos os pacientes em dois grupos, de acordo com o uso do enxerto tratado ou não com radiação ionizante (raios gama), que foram, portanto, classificados como: grupo irradiado e não irradiado. Os resultados da osteointegração por análise radiográfica destes enxertos foram comparados no pós-cirúrgico de 6 e 12 meses.
Resultados Quando comparamos a osteointegração dos enxertos no pós-cirúrgico de 6 e 12 meses de todos os pacientes, notamos que houve diferença significativa entre as avaliações radiográficas neste período (p = 0,031). Dos pacientes estudados, 7 pertenciam ao grupo irradiado, e 14, ao grupo não irradiado. Não foram observadas diferenças estatisticamente significativas (p = 0,804) quando a osteointegração entre os grupos irradiados e não irradiados foi comparada.
Conclusão Não houve diferença significativa no uso de enxerto irradiado e não irradiado nas revisões de artroplastias do quadril pela técnica Exeter.