bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk factors of surgical site infection in geriatric orthopedic surgery: A retrospective multicenter cohort study
Authors: Ren Mingguang , Liang Weidong , Wu Zhiyu , Zhao Hongmei , Wang Jingwei 
Published: December 2018

AimAs we are experiencing the progressive aging of our population, risk management of geriatric orthopedic patients is extremely important. The present study was carried out to identify independent predictors of surgical site infection and to better define the threshold value of serum albumin on postoperative wound infection in older patients.MethodsThis retrospective multicenter study was carried out from January 2015 to June in 2017. A total of 3378 older patients (aged ≥60 years) were enrolled. We extracted the patients’ demographics, characteristics of disease, treatment‐related variables and indexes of laboratory examination. Receiver operating characteristic analysis was carried out to find the optimum cut‐off value for serum albumin. Univariate and multivariate logistic analysis models were carried out, respectively, to determine independent predictors of surgical site infection.ResultsA total of 123 patients developed wound infection in the present study. Surgical site infection prolonged hospitalization of patients by a mean of 14.2 days. The overall incidence was 3.64%, with 0.47% for deep infection and 3.16% for superficial infection. Independent predictors of surgical site infection identified by multivariate analysis were traumatic injury (odds ratio 12.42, 95% CI 6.80–22.12; P = 0.000), serum albumin <32.6 g/L (odds ratio 2.54, 95% CI 1.22–5.29; P = 0.013) and American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status index class 3 or higher (odds ratio 2.14, 95% CI = 1.24–3.69; P = 0.006).ConclusionsWe recommend that surgeons evaluate the nutritional status of older patients and optimize the perioperative strategy of supplementary nutrition support to reduce the risk of postoperative wound infection. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2019; 19: 213–217.
Innovating in less developed regions: What drives patenting in the lagging regions of Europe and North America
Authors: Rodríguez‐Pose Andrés , Wilkie Callum 
Published: December 2018

AbstractNot all economically disadvantaged—“less developed” or “lagging”—regions are the same. They are, however, often bundled together for the purposes of innovation policy design and implementation. This paper attempts to determine whether such bundling is warranted by conducting a regional level investigation for Canada, the United States, on the one hand, and Europe, on the other, to (a) identify the structural and socioeconomic factors that drive patenting in the less developed regions of North America and Europe, respectively; and (b) explore how these factors differ between the two contexts. The empirical analysis, estimated using a mixed‐model approach, reveals that, while there are similarities between the drivers of innovation in North America's and Europe's lagging regions, a number of important differences between the two continents prevail. The analysis also indicates that the territorial processes of innovation in North America's and Europe's less developed regions are more similar to those of their more developed counterparts than to one another.
Establishment of forage kochia in seeding mixtures with perennial grasses
Authors: Aryal Parmeshwor , Islam M. Anowarul 
Published: December 2018

AbstractForage kochia (Bassia prostrata L.) can persist in disturbed areas and provide high‐quality forage even during fall and winter months. However, information is needed on the effect of planting time and subsequent environmental conditions on forage kochia establishment. A field study was initiated in 2014 in Wyoming to determine the optimum planting time for successful forage kochia establishment and examine its performance in seeded mixtures with perennial cool‐season grasses in areas dominated by annual weeds. The experiment was carried out using split‐plot in a randomized complete block design with four replications. The main plots consisted of three planting times (late winter, early spring and summer), and subplots included eight seeding mixture treatments. Species included in mixtures were forage kochia, four native grasses and two nonnative grasses. The summer (May) planting failed completely, and early spring (April) planting resulted in greater plant density for forage kochia and grasses than late winter (March) planting. Although, forage kochia monoculture had greater forage kochia density than other treatments, forage kochia stands were satisfactory when seeded in mixtures with perennial grasses. By the year after planting, plant density of forage kochia and grasses was reduced to about one‐third of 2014 density. During initial establishment stage, it is thought that forage kochia and perennial grasses were affected by dense cover of annual weeds. However, greater plant density was observed for April compared to March plantings, and forage kochia monoculture had good stands despite dense stands of annual weeds, even in 2015. The results suggest that successful establishment of forage kochia is possible when it is planted in early spring under conditions of this study. However, monitoring stands the following years is needed to determine the persistence and forage production of different seeding mixtures of forage kochia and perennial grasses.
Relation Between Fracture Stability and Gas Leakage into Deep Aquifers in the North Perth Basin in Western Australia
Authors: Mullen F. , Boogaerdt H. , Archer R. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe Kockatea Shale is a proposed target for unconventional gas development in the North Perth Basin in Western Australia. This research is concerned with correlating the extent of thermogenic gas leakage into deep aquifers overlying the Kockatea Shale with an assessment of how close the formation is to mechanical failure. Data from two petroleum exploration wells located approximately 20 km apart were considered. Both have comparable stratigraphy; however, they differ by their local tectonic setting. The stress regime is strike slip at Arrowsmith 2 well and for an assumed hydrostatic pressure the Kockatea Shale is not close to frictional limits. Minor amounts of methane and trace amounts of short chain alkanes are leaking into deep aquifers pre‐development. In contrast, the stress regime is strike slip/normal at Woodada Deep well and the Kockatea Shale is close to frictional limits. Significant volumes of gas including methane and condensate are leaking into deep aquifers. The sealing capacity of the Kockatea Shale as evidenced by the variation in gas concentration in aquifers at the two sites indicates the formation is sensitive to stress. Additionally given the low permeability of the regional Kockatea Shale seal, it is assumed that at both locations gas leakage is via critically stressed faults. Deep aquifers proximal to the shale gas target are low salinity (<5000 ppm NaCl eq.) at Woodada Deep well and are saline at Arrowsmith 2 well. Based on this assessment, it is suggested that hydraulic fracture stimulation at the Woodada Deep well poses a significant environmental risk.
Progression from Cafeteria toà la carteOffending: Scottish Organised Crime Narratives
Authors: DENSLEY JAMES , McLEAN ROBERT , DEUCHAR ROSS , HARDING SIMON 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThis article presents insights from qualitative research into organised crime (OC) in Glasgow, Scotland. Interviews were conducted with a sample of 42 current and former offenders with a history of group offending in an attempt to understand variation in the onset, maintenance, and cessation of OC careers. Offending narratives revealed different OC trajectories. Drug dealing was the primary modus operandi of OC groups, but some offenders exhibited versatility and progression to wider criminal activity or a mix of illegitimate activity and legitimate business. Implications for future policing strategies and suggested additional research are outlined in response to these findings.
Guidelines for reporting the quality of clinical case reports in Endodontics: a development protocol
Authors: Nagendrababu V. , Chong B. S. , McCabe P. , Shah P. K. , Priya E. , Jayaraman J. , Pulikkotil S. J. , Dummer P. M. H. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractCase reports are used to communicate interesting, new or rare condition/s, innovative treatment approaches or novel techniques. Apart from informing readers, such information has the potential to contribute towards further scientific studies and the development of newer management modalities. In that context, it is important that case reports are presented accurately and deliver all the necessary and pertinent information to the reader. Reporting guidelines are used to inform authors of the quality standards required to ensure their manuscripts are accurate, complete and transparent. The aim of this project is to develop and disseminate new guidelines – Preferred Reporting Items for Case reports in Endodontics (PRICE). The primary aim is to aid authors when constructing case reports in the field of Endodontics to ensure the highest possible reporting standards are adopted. The project leaders (PD and VN) formed a steering committee comprising six additional members. Subsequently, a five‐phase consensus process will be used. The steering committee will develop the PRICE guidelines (PRICE checklist and flow chart) by identifying relevant items (quality standards) derived from the CAse REport guidelines and Clinical and Laboratory Images in Publications principles, focussing on the content of case reports. Following this, the steering committee will identify a PRICE Delphi Group (PDG) consisting of 30 members including academicians, practitioners, and members of the public. The individual items (components) of the PRICE checklist will be evaluated by the PDG based on a 9‐point Likert scale. Only items scored between 7 and 9 by 70% or more members will be included in the draft checklist. The Delphi process will be continued until a consensus is reached and a final set of items agreed by the PDG members. Following this, a PRICE Face‐to‐Face meeting group (PFMG) will be formed with 20 members to achieve a final consensus. The final consensus‐based checklist and flow chart will be evaluated and approved by selected members of the PDG and PFMG. The approved PRICE guidelines will be published in relevant journals and disseminated via contacts in academic institutions and national endodontic societies, as well as being presented at scientific/clinical meetings.
Global perspectives for the management of onychomycosis
Authors: Gupta Aditya K. , Mays Rachel R. , Versteeg Sarah G. , Piraccini Bianca Maria , Takwale Anita , Shemer Avner , Babaev Meir , Grover Chander , Di Chiacchio Nilton G. , Taborda Paulo R. O. , Taborda Valeria B. A. , Shear Neil H. , Piguet Vincent , Tosti Antonella 
Published: December 2018

AbstractOnychomycosis is a fungal nail infection caused by dermatophytes, nondermatophyte molds, and yeasts. This difficult‐to‐treat chronic infection has a tendency to relapse despite treatment. This paper aims to offer a global perspective on onychomycosis management from expert physicians from around the world. Overall, the majority of experts surveyed used systemic, topical, and combination treatments approved in their countries and monitored patients based on the product insert or government recommendations. Although the basics of treating onychomycosis were similar between countries, slight differences in onychomycosis management between countries were found. These differences were mainly due to different approaches to adjunctive therapy, rating the severity of disease and use of prophylaxis treatment. A global perspective on the treatment of onychomycosis provides a framework of success for the committed clinician with appreciation of how onychomycosis is managed worldwide.
Epidemiology, risk factors, and outcomes of adult cutaneous non‐tuberculous mycobacterial infection over a 10‐year period in Singapore
Authors: Yeo Pei‐Ming , Lee Shan‐Xian , Tan Yen‐Ee , Sng Li‐Hwei , Ang Chia‐Chun 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBackgroundUnfamiliarity with the presentation, diagnostic process, and treatment of cutaneous non‐tuberculous mycobacterium (NTM) infection leads to poorer outcomes. We describe our experience with managing cutaneous NTM infection in a regional hospital in Singapore from 2005 to 2014.MethodsAdult patients with cutaneous NTM infections were identified through positive skin tissue cultures in this retrospective case series. We excluded patients younger than 21 years of age, patients whose care was transferred to another hospital, and patients with catheter‐related infections. Data including demographic variables, as well as disease and treatment outcomes, were collected. We compared the data between patients with and without risk factors for immunosuppression to look for any significant difference.ResultsFifty‐eight cases were reviewed. Mycobacterium abscessus was the commonest organism isolated (51.7%), and abscesses or inflamed cysts were the most common presentation. Nineteen specimens (57.6%) showed suppurative or necrotizing granulomatous dermatitis on biopsy and acid‐fast bacilli were identified in 2 of 21 histologic specimens (9.5%) stained for mycobacterium. Treatment included systemic antibiotics, surgery, or both. In total, 33 cases had clinical resolution while 25 cases were lost to follow‐up. Our study was limited by the under‐reporting of cases, bias due to data from a single center, and high dropout rates, thereby precluding a detailed assessment of treatment outcomes.ConclusionsA high index of suspicion is required to diagnose cutaneous NTM infection. Education of both patients and physicians will help to raise the level of awareness and reduce treatment delays.
CR6‐interacting factor 1 controls autoimmune arthritis by regulation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 pathway and T helper type 17 cells
Authors: Park Jin‐Sil , Choi Si‐Young , Hwang Sun‐Hee , Kim Sung‐Min , Choi JeongWon , Jung Kyung‐Ah , Kwon Ji Ye , Kong Young‐Yun , Cho Mi‐La , Park Sung‐Hwan 
Published: December 2018

SummaryCR6‐interacting factor 1 (CRIF1) is a nuclear protein that interacts with other nuclear factors and androgen receptors, and is implicated in the regulation of cell cycle progression and cell growth. In this study, we examined whether CRIF1 exerts an immunoregulatory effect by modulating the differentiation and function of pathogenic T cells. To this end, the role of CRIF1 in rheumatoid arthritis, a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by hyperplasia of synovial tissue and progressive destruction of articular cartilage structure by pathogenic immune cells [such as T helper type 17 (Th17) cells], was investigated. p3XFLAG‐CMV‐10‐CRIF1 was administered to mice with collagen‐induced arthritis 8 days after collagen type II immunization and the disease severity and histologic evaluation, and osteoclastogenesis were assessed. CRIF1 over‐expression in mice with collagen‐induced arthritis attenuated the clinical and histological signs of inflammatory arthritis. Furthermore, over‐expression of CRIF1 in mice with arthritis significantly reduced the number of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3‐mediated Th17 cells in the spleen as well as osteoclast differentiation from bone marrow cells. To investigate the impact of loss of CRIF1 in T cells, we generated a conditional CRIF1 gene ablation model using CD4‐cre transgenic mice and examined the frequency of Th17 cells and regulatory T cells. Deficiency of CRIF1 in CD4+ cells promoted the production of interleukin‐17 and reduced the frequency of regulatory T cells. These results suggest a role for CRIF1 in modulating the activities of Th17 cells and osteoclasts in rheumatoid arthritis.
Structural and optical properties of 2D Ruddlesden‐Popper perovskite (BA)2(FA)n−1PbnI3n+1 compounds for photovoltaic applications
Authors: Lan Chunfeng , Liang Guangxing , Zhao Shuai , Fan Bo , Lan Huabin , Peng Huanxin , Sun Huibin , Zhang Dongping , Luo Jingting , Fan Ping 
Published: December 2018

Abstract2D‐3D–structured formamidine perovskite composites are highlighted due to their enhanced stability in solar cell applications. However, the structural and optical properties of 2D formamidine perovskites remain unclear. In this work, we developed new formamidine‐based Ruddlesden‐Popper perovskite compounds (BA)2(FA)n−1PbnI3n+1 (n ≤ 4) using hot‐spin coating. Orthorhombic 2D‐layered perovskites were formed with a mixture of 3D formamidine perovskite from (BA)2(FA)n−1PbnI3n+1 precursors. Their formation highly depended on the solvent used in the precursors, in which dimethyl sulfoxide benefited from the b‐axis oriented growth and improved the crystallization of the compounds. The formamidine‐based Ruddlesden‐Popper perovskites were direct bandgap materials, with the experimental bandgaps of over 1.7 eV, and whose average photoluminescence lifetimes were affected by their chemical components and crystal structures. In addition, planar perovskite solar cells were fabricated by employing these films as absorbing layers. The initial devices from the (BA)2(FA)3Pb4I13 precursors exhibited an efficiency of 2.88% and an open voltage of 0.93 V. These results indicated that the formation and stability of 2D‐structured perovskites were strongly related to the A‐site cations, thus offering new insights into the structures of 2D perovskites and their applications for 2D‐3D–structured perovskite solar cells.
The “values journey” of nursing and midwifery students selected using multiple mini interviews; year two findings
Authors: Callwood Alison , Groothuizen Johanna E. , Allan Helen Therese 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAimTo explore how adult, child, mental health nursing and midwifery students describe their “values journey” after completing their second year following exposure to the clinical practice environment.BackgroundWhere student nurses and midwives are selected using multiple mini interviews, in a values‐based recruitment process, the conservancy and or development of their personal values remains unclear.DesignA hermeneutic, cross‐professional longitudinal study was commenced at one university in England in 2016 with data collection points at the end of years one (DC1), two (DC2) and three (DC3). From the 42 participants recruited in year one, 28 went on to participate in data collection at DC2 (3 adult, 6 child, 3 mental health nurses and 16 midwifery students).MethodsFour semi‐structured focus groups were conducted. Data analysis incorporated inductive and deductive approaches in a hybrid synthesis.FindingsParticipants did not feel their values had changed fundamentally since year one. However, the prioritization of their values and how they were “put into practice” had changed. Key themes identified were: “changed sense of self as a healthcare practitioner”; “influences on values in practice” and “reflection on values.”ConclusionReframing of personal values is an integral part of learning across clinical and academic settings. Critical reflective practice should be integrated into pre‐registration health education programmes to support student nurses and midwives sustain their learning around values; to maintain “good” values in the face of observed “bad” values.
Using technology to support the social and emotional well‐being of nurses: A scoping review protocol
Authors: Webster Natalie , Oyebode Jan , Jenkins Catharine , Smythe Analisa 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAims(a) To review the published literature on the use of technology to provide social or emotional support to nurses, (b) to evaluate and identify gaps in the research, (c) to assess whether a systematic review would be valuable, (d) to make recommendations for future developments.DesignThe protocol for the scoping review has been developed in accordance with recommendations from several methodological frameworks, as no standardized protocol currently exists for this purpose.MethodsOur protocol incorporates information about the aims and objectives of the scoping review, inclusion criteria, search strategy, data extraction, quality appraisal, data synthesis, and plans for dissemination. Funding for this project was approved by Burdett Trust for Nursing in December 2016.DiscussionTechnology to support patient emotional and social well‐being has seen a rapid growth in recent years and is offered in a variety of formats. However, similar support for nursing staff remains under‐researched with no literature review undertaken on this topic to date. This is despite nurses working in emotionally demanding environments which can be socially isolating. The scoping review will map current evidence on the use of technology to support nursing staff and explore the range, extent, and nature of this activity. It will also give a basis for deciding if a full systematic review would be desirable.ImpactIt is important that the psychological well‐being of nurses is seriously addressed as more nurses are now leaving than joining the profession. This is an international concern. High staff turnover has an interpersonal cost and is associated with reduced quality of patient care. Financial implications are also important to consider as healthcare providers employ costly agency staff to address the workforce deficit. Online technology may offer a sustainable and accessible means of providing support for nurses who find it difficult to communicate in person due to time pressures at work.
Effect of parenting stress in Korean mothers of children with disabilities on life satisfaction: Moderating effect of intrinsic religious orientation
Authors: You Sukkyung , Lee Yunoug , Kwon Minkyung 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBackgroundWith growing interest in parenting stress among mothers of children with disabilities, the current study examined the multidimensional aspects of parenting stress and their impact on life satisfaction among Korean mothers of children with disabilities. Based on the suggestions of prior findings concerning the potential role of intrapersonal resources on moderating parenting stress, the study focused on intrinsic religious orientation as one of the intrapersonal resources.MethodParticipants completed measures of three types of parenting stress (parental distress, parent–child dysfunctional interaction and difficult child), life satisfaction and religious orientation.ResultsTwo subscales of parenting stress (i.e., parental distress and difficult child) had negative associations with life satisfaction. Intrinsic religious orientation weakened the relationship between parental distress and life satisfaction, especially among individuals who held moderate and high levels of intrinsic religious orientation.ConclusionThese findings indicate the existence of differential associations between parenting stress type and life satisfaction in Korean mothers of children with disabilities. The current findings also identified the interrelationships between the religious resources and maternal parenting stress of children with disabilities. Intrapersonal religious resources have the potential to counterbalance the negative impact of maternal distress.