bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cytologic diagnosis of unusual, large multiple cutaneous myxomas in a case of Carney complex
Authors: Karegar Manjusha , Sarwate Mrinal , Kothari Kanchan , Rojekar Amey , Naik Leena 
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACTCutaneous myxomas are rare benign neoplasms which are frequently associated with Carney complex (CNC). Although more than 500 cases of CNC are reported, there is no literature on cytologic diagnosis of Cutaneous myxomas. An 18-year-old male, with no significant family history, presented with multiple cutaneous swellings, largest measuring 15 cm on the right cheek. He also had spotty skin pigmentations, raised adrenocorticotropic hormone levels and recurrent cardiac myxomas. Fine-needle aspiration cytology from the right cheek and suprapubic swellings revealed paucicellular smears with abundant myxoid material in the background, admixed with fragments of spindle and stellate cells with bland nuclear morphology, and vascular proliferation in few fragments. There was no mitosis, necrosis, or any epithelial element. Hence, diagnosis of cutaneous myxomas in CNC was made which was confirmed on histopathology. This is the first report of cytologic diagnosis of multiple cutaneous myxomas in CNC and the largest cutaneous myxoma reported in literature.
Occurrence and characterization of hyperviscous K1 and K2 serotype in Klebsiella pneumoniael
Authors: Remya Poothakuzhiyil , Shanthi Mariappan , Sekar Uma 
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Klebsiella pneumoniae causes both nosocomial and community-associated infections. Hypervirulent K. pneumoniae (hvKP), new variant of K. pneumoniae, can cause invasive infections in young healthy individuals as well as in the immunocompromised population. Hypervirulent strains frequently belong to capsular serotypes K1 or K2. Emergence of antimicrobial resistance in hvKP is a cause for concern.
AIM AND OBJECTIVE: The present study was done to detect the K1 and K2 serotypes among clinical isolates of K. pneumoniae, spectrum of infections caused by them and presence of common beta-lactamases encoding genes in them.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 370 isolates of K. pneumoniae, isolated from various clinical samples over a period of 1 year was included in this study. Antibiotic susceptibility testing to various classes of antimicrobials was done as per Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute guidelines. The presence of K2A (specific to serotype K2), magA (specific to serotype K1), and rmpA genes was detected by multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (TEM, SHV, and CTX-M), plasmid-mediated AmpCs (MOX, CIT, DHA, ACC, EBC, and FOX), and carbapenemase genes (IMP, VIM, NDM, KPC, and OXA-48) were also determined by PCR.
RESULTS: Among the 370 isolates, 8 harbored K2A gene and one harbored magA. rmpA gene was detected in three isolates along with K1 or K2 serotypes. Seven K2A-positive isolates were resistant to one or more classes of antimicrobials. The studied ESBL genes were present in four isolates. Two isolates harbored carbapenemase genes (NDM-1, OXA-48) along with ESBLs.
Conclusions: K2 serotype is more prevalent among hvKP isolates. They can harbor ESBLs and Carbapenemase genes. K1 serotype is rather uncommon in K. pneumoniae. Acquisition of multidrug-resistant genes by these strains adds to their virulence and limits the treatment options.
Importance of combined approach of investigations for detection of asymptomatic Hashimoto Thyroiditis in early stage
Authors: Saraf Sonali Rajesh , Gadgil Nitin M. , Yadav Sheetal , Kalgutkar Alka D. 
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) is the most common cause of goitrous hypothyroidism in iodine sufficient areas. The diagnosis of HT is important because it progresses to hypothyroidism, and also, it is associated with thyroid lymphoma and papillary thyroid carcinoma. Apart from thyroid antibodies, assessment of thyroid function test (TFT) levels, ultrasonography (USG), and cytological analysis can help in early diagnosis and management of HT.
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES OF THIS STUDY: To know the age incidence and clinical presentation of HT, its association with thyroid hormone levels and with thyroid antibodies and its correlation with the cytologic grade of HT.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Consecutive convenient method of sampling was adopted at the cytology clinic. Fine-needle aspiration cytology of patients presenting with thyroid enlargement was done using standard technique and aseptic precautions.
RESULTS: Out of 875 cases of thyroid cytology, 134 cases were diagnosed as HT over a 4-year period. A strong female preponderance was observed. A significant proportion of them (103/134) presented in the first four decades of life. Majority of cases (60.63%) were hypothyroid, while 15.74% were hyperthyroid and 23.62% were euthyroid. Apart from thyroid enlargement, although a majority of patients presented with symptoms related to the thyroid, a significant number of patients (38.80%) were asymptomatic.
Conclusions: A combined approach of cytological grading of HT along with USG, TFT levels, and thyroid antibodies can detect hypothyroid and subclinical hypothyroid or euthyroid state of HT and provide an appropriate guide to therapy.
Siyasi Coğrafya ve Etnocoğrafya Perspektifinden Filipinlerdeki Müslüman Topluluklar / Muslim Communities in the Philippines from the Perspective of Political Geography and Etnogeography
Authors: Atasoy Emin 
Published: July 2018

<p><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p><p>This article examined the historical development of the struggle of the Muslim communities concentrated in the Southern Philippines for cultural freedom and political independence. Additionally, this study also concentrated on, on the one hand, the attempts exerted to establish an Islamic state in the Southern Philippines and Christian-Muslim competition in the country, and on the other hand, the minority policies of the Philippine governments towards the Muslim communities. In the present article, both the historical background and political fate of both Filipino Muslims were discussed, and the ethnic, socio-cultural and demographic characteristics of this country were addressed. Besides, the issue of freedom of the people of Moro and the establishment problems of Muslim Mindanao Autonomous Region and Bangsamoro Autonomous Region were examined. It is the most important consequence of this work that the peace climate between the government forces and the Muslim guerrillas in the Southern Philippines, the continuation of the social, economic, political and cultural problems of the Moro people and the independence of the Muslim communities living in the Philippine islands. Provision of the peaceful climate between the government forces and the Muslim guerrillas in the southern Philippines, the continuation of social, economic, political and cultural problems of the Moro people, and the failure of the Muslim communities living on the Philippine islands to gain their independence were the most important results of this study.</p><p><strong>ÖZ</strong></p><p>Bu makalede Güney Filipinler’de yoğunlaşan Müslüman toplulukların kültürel özgürlük ve siyasi bağımsızlık mücadelesinin tarihsel gelişimi irdelenmiştir. Ayrıca bu çalışmada bir yandan Hristiyan-Müslüman rekabeti ile Güney Filipinlerde İslam devleti kurma girişimleri, diğer yandan da Filipinler hükümetlerinin Müslüman topluluklara yönelik azınlık politikaları büyüteç altına alınmıştır. Makalede hem Filipin Müslümanlarının tarihsel geçmişi ve siyasi kaderi tartışılmış, hem de bu ülkenin etnik, sosyo-kültürel ve demografik özellikleri ele alınmıştır. Ayrıca makalede Moro halkının özgürlük mücadelesi ile Müslüman Mindanao Özerk Bölgesi ve Bangsamoro Özerk Yönetim Bölgesinin kuruluş sorunlarına değinilmiştir. Güney Filipinlerde hükümet güçleri ile Müslüman gerillalar arasında barış ikliminin sağlanmış olması, Moro halkının sosyo-ekonomik, siyasi ve kültürel sorunlarının devam etmesi ve Filipin adalarında yaşayan Müslüman toplulukların bağımsızlıklarına kavuşamamış olmalarının tespit edilmesi bu çalışmanın en önemli sonuçlarıdır.</p>
Automatic analysis of treadmill running to estimate times to fatigue and exhaustion in rodents
Authors: Zaretsky Dmitry V. , Kline Hannah , Zaretskaia Maria V. , Rusyniak Daniel E. 
Published: July 2018

Introduction
The determination of fatigue and exhaustion in experimental animals is complicated by the subjective nature of the measurement. Typically, it requires an observer to watch exercising animals, e.g. rats running on the treadmill, and to identify the time of the event. In this study, we hypothesized that automatic analysis of the time-averaged position of a rat on a treadmill could be an objective way for estimating times to fatigue and exhaustion. To test this hypothesis, we compared these times measured by a human observer to the results of an automated video tracking system.

Methods
Rats, previously familiarized to running on the treadmill, ran at a fixed speed with zero incline, until exhaustion. The experiments were performed at either room temperature (24 °C) or in a hot environment (32 °C). Each experiment was video recorded. A trained observer estimated the times to fatigue and exhaustion. Then, video tracking software was used to determine the position of the animals on the treadmill belt. The times to fatigue and exhaustion were determined, based on the position on the treadmill using predefined criteria.

Results
Manual scores and the average position on the treadmill had significant correlation. Both the observer and the automated video tracking determined that exercise in a hot environment, compared with the exercise at room temperature, results in shorter times to exhaustion and fatigue. Also, estimates of times made by the observer and the automated video tracking were not statistically different from each other.

Discussion
A similarity between the estimates of times to fatigue and exhaustion made by the observer and the automated technique suggests that video tracking of rodents running on a treadmill can be used to determine both parameters in experimental studies. Video tracking technique allows for a more objective measure and would allow for an increased performance in experimentation. The Supplemental information to this manuscript contains an Excel file, which includes the code in Virtual Basic with freeware license, to process and visualize running data and automatically estimate the times to fatigue and exhaustion. Instructions for the software are also included.
Fabrication of calixarene-grafted bio-polymeric magnetic composites for magnetic solid phase extraction of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in water samples
Authors: Syed Yaacob Syed Fariq Fathullah , Mohd Jamil Arniza Khairani , Kamboh Muhammad Afzal , Wan Ibrahim Wan Aini , Mohamad Sharifah 
Published: July 2018

Calixarene framework functionalized bio-polymeric magnetic composites (MSp-TDI-calix) were synthesized and utilized as magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) sorbent for the extraction of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), namely indoprofen (INP), ketoprofen (KTP), ibuprofen (IBP) and fenoprofen (FNP), from environmental water samples. MSp-TDI-calix was characterized by FT-IR, XRD, FESEM, EDX, VSM and BET analysis, and the results were compared with Sp-TDI and Sp-TDI-calix. To maximize the extraction performance of MSp-TDI-calix decisive MSPE affective parameters such as sorbent amount, extraction time, sample volume, type of organic eluent, volume of organic eluent, desorption time and pH were comprehensively optimized prior to HPLC-DAD determination. The analytical validity of the proposed MSPE method was evaluated under optimized conditions and the following figures of merit were acquired: linearity with good determination coefficient (R2 ≥ 0.991) over the concentration range of 0.5–500 µg/L, limits of detection (LODs) ranged from 0.06–0.26 µg/L and limits of quantitation (LOQ) between 0.20–0.89 µg/L. Excellent reproducibility and repeatability under harsh environment with inter-day and intra-day relative standard deviations were obtained in the range of 2.5–3.2% and 2.4–3.9% respectively. The proposed method was successfully applied for analysis of NSAIDs in tap water, drinking water and river water with recovery efficiency ranging from 88.1–115.8% with %RSD of 1.6–4.6%.
Kappa opioid receptor antagonism: Are opioids the answer for treatment resistant depression?
Authors: Peckham Alyssa M. , De La Cruz Austin , Dufresne Robert L. 
Published: July 2018

Abstract

Introduction:
Past trials of buprenorphine (BUP) in the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD) have displayed favorable results, although its clinical utility was limited by the risk of abuse or physical dependence. By combining BUP with samidorphan (SAM), the euphoric high is negated by an opposing mechanism, which theoretically reduces addictive-like properties while allowing the antidepressant properties to remain. As such, the objective of this article is to analyze the results of BUP/SAM premarketing clinical trials as adjunctive treatment for treatment-resistant MDD.

Methods:
A comprehensive PubMed/MEDLINE search was conducted through November 9, 2017, using the following search terms: depression, samidorphan, buprenorphine, ALKS-5461. Additional data were obtained from Clinicaltrials.gov and resources included in the present study. All English-language clinical trials evaluating the combination of BUP/SAM in the treatment of MDD were included.

Results:
A few premarketing studies have evaluated the efficacy and safety of BUP/SAM combination as adjunctive treatment in patients with treatment-resistant MDD. The FORWARD-1 through FORWARD-5 trials concluded (1) the most effective dosing ratio of BUP/SAM to reduce abuse potential was 1:1; (2) statistically significant changes in scores from baseline on the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale were noted for the 2 mg/2 mg dose compared with placebo; and (3) the most commonly reported adverse effects were nausea, dizziness, and fatigue.

Discussion:
Buprenorphine/samidorphan has shown favorable results for efficacy and tolerability in premarketing studies evaluating its use as adjunctive therapy for treatment-resistant MDD. Its novel mechanism targeting the opioid pathway may serve as a promising antidepressant devoid of abuse potential.
Important drug interaction involving phenytoin and quetiapine
Authors: Thomas Michele , DiPaula Bethany A. , Grimm Beverley 
Published: July 2018

Abstract

Objective:
To describe a patient case in which a drug interaction involving quetiapine and phenytoin resulted in an absence of clinical response and serum quetiapine levels below the point of detection.

Case Summary:
This patient was on concurrent phenytoin, valproic acid, and quetiapine therapy for 10 months. Prior to discontinuing phenytoin, a serum quetiapine level was found to be less than 10 ng/mL. It took approximately 1 month after phenytoin's discontinuation for quetiapine levels to attain measurable concentrations. The patient's clinical response to quetiapine improved significantly after this interaction resolved.

Discussion:
Phenytoin is an inducer of cytochrome P450 3A4, and quetiapine is a substrate of this enzyme. Patients on concurrent phenytoin and quetiapine therapy may require monitoring of quetiapine concentrations, which is often not routine practice, as this drug interaction can result in a clinically significant reduction in quetiapine levels contributing to a lack of efficacy.
Early detection of potential errors during patient treatment planning
Authors: Lack Danielle , Liang Jian , Benedetti Lisa , Knill Cory , Yan Di 
Published: July 2018

AbstractPurposeData errors caught late in treatment planning require time to correct, resulting in delays up to 1 week. In this work, we identify causes of data errors in treatment planning and develop a software tool that detects them early in the planning workflow.MethodsTwo categories of errors were studied: data transfer errors and TPS errors. Using root cause analysis, the causes of these errors were determined. This information was incorporated into a software tool which uses ODBC‐SQL service to access TPS's Postgres and Mosaiq MSSQL databases for our clinic. The tool then uses a read‐only FTP service to scan the TPS unix file system for errors. Detected errors are reviewed by a physicist. Once confirmed, clinicians are notified to correct the error and educated to prevent errors in the future. Time‐cost analysis was performed to estimate the time savings of implementing this software clinically.ResultsThe main errors identified were incorrect patient entry, missing image slice, and incorrect DICOM tag for data transfer errors and incorrect CT‐density table application, incorrect image as reference CT, and secondary image imported to incorrect patient for TPS errors. The software has been running automatically since 2015. In 2016, 84 errors were detected with the most frequent errors being incorrect patient entry (35), incorrect CT‐density table (17), and missing image slice (16). After clinical interventions to our planning workflow, the number of errors in 2017 decreased to 44. Time savings in 2016 with the software is estimated to be 795 h. This is attributed to catching errors early and eliminating the need to replan cases.ConclusionsNew QA software detects errors during planning, improving the accuracy and efficiency of the planning process. This important QA tool focused our efforts on the data communication processes in our planning workflow that need the most improvement.
Mapt deletion fails to rescue premature lethality in two models of sodium channel epilepsy
Authors: Chen Chunling , Holth Jerrah K. , Bunton‐Stasyshyn Rosie , Anumonwo Charles K. , Meisler Miriam H. , Noebels Jeffrey L. , Isom Lori L. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractDeletion of Mapt, encoding the microtubule‐binding protein Tau, prevents disease in multiple genetic models of hyperexcitability. To investigate whether the effect of Tau depletion is generalizable across multiple sodium channel gene‐linked models of epilepsy, we examined the Scn1b−/− mouse model of Dravet syndrome, and the Scn8aN1768D/+ model of Early Infantile Epileptic Encephalopathy. Both models display severe seizures and early mortality. We found no prolongation of survival between Scn1b−/−,Mapt+/+, Scn1b−/−,Mapt+/−, or Scn1b−/−,Mapt−/− mice or between Scn8aN1768D/+,Mapt+/+, Scn8aN1768D/+,Mapt+/−, or Scn8aN1768D/+,Mapt−/− mice. Thus, the effect of Mapt deletion on mortality in epileptic encephalopathy models is gene specific and provides further mechanistic insight.
Self‐Powered Hall Vehicle Sensors Based on Triboelectric Nanogenerators
Authors: Guo Tong , Zhao Junqing , Liu Wenbo , Liu Guoxu , Pang Yaokun , Bu Tianzhao , Xi Fengben , Zhang Chi , Li Xinjian 
Published: July 2018

AbstractGrowing demand in automobile safety system raises a requirement to electronic devices being self‐powered, stable, and durable. Herein, a self‐powered Hall vehicle sensor (SPHVS) is demonstrated for automobile safety system, which integrates the triboelectric nanogenerator, the management circuit, the magnet, and the Hall element. The tribotronic constant current source is proposed to steadily power the Hall element in rotational motion at any different speeds. Furthermore, the performances of the SPHVS for vehicle speed sensing and vehicle braking monitoring are systematically investigated, which exhibits wide sensing range, great stability, and excellent sensitivity. This work clearly proposes a promising solution for speed sensing and braking monitoring, and indicates the potential applications of power tribotronics for the self‐powered electronic devices in prospective automobile industry.
Excitation of Bloch Surface Waves on an Optical Fiber Tip
Authors: Scaravilli Michele , Micco Alberto , Castaldi Giuseppe , Coppola Giuseppe , Gioffrè Mariano , Iodice Mario , La Ferrara Vera , Galdi Vincenzo , Cusano Andrea 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe integration of structures supporting Bloch surface waves (BSWs) with optical fibers is highly desirable, since it would enable the development of high‐figure‐of‐merit miniaturized all‐fiber optrodes, opening new pathways within the “lab‐on‐fiber” roadmap. Here, the first experimental demonstration of grating‐assisted excitation of BSWs on the tip of single‐mode fibers in the near‐infrared region is provided. This is attained via fabrication of a 1D diffraction grating on the fiber facet, and subsequent deposition of a 1D photonic crystal. In spite of a resonance broadening due to grating‐induced morphological perturbations, the measured Q‐factor of 50 is still higher than typical lab‐on‐tip plasmonic‐probe benchmarks. With a view toward biomolecular sensing, a surface sensitivity of 1.22 nm nm−1 of homogeneous overlay deposited over the active region, which is in line with most plasmonic optrodes largely used in connection with optical fibers, is evaluated. The results also highlight the current limitations and the challenges to face for the development of advanced BSW‐based fiber‐tip platforms for biological sensing applications.
Ligandless Copper‐Catalyzed Carboborylation of Heteroatom‐Substituted Alkynes
Authors: Liu Shiwen , Zeng Xiaojun , Xu Bo 
Published: July 2018

AbstractWe have developed an efficient ligand‐free copper‐catalyzed regio‐ and stereoselective carbo‐borylation of heteroatom‐substituted internal alkynes using bis(pinacolato)diboron as boron source and alkyl halides as an electrophile. Both chemical yields and functional group tolerance are excellent. Our method provides an efficient synthesis of tri‐ and tetra‐substituted alkenylboronates which could be further transformed to highly substituted alkenes via subsequent cross‐coupling reactions in one pot.magnified image
Emotion regulation in autism spectrum disorder: Where we are and where we need to go
Authors: Cai Ru Ying , Richdale Amanda L. , Uljarević Mirko , Dissanayake Cheryl , Samson Andrea C. 
Published: July 2018

Emotion dysregulation is a common issue experienced by individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and has been associated with a wide range of negative mental and physical health outcomes. This commentary highlights the role emotion dysregulation plays in ASD by first considering the literature on emotion regulation (ER) in the general population and then summarizing the ER research in ASD. Based on the evaluation of previous research findings, we conclude that individuals with ASD have more ER difficulties and consistently self‐report or demonstrate a less adaptive pattern of ER strategy use. In addition, the higher prevalence of internalizing and externalizing issues seen in ASD are associated with the greater habitual use of some ER strategies and less habitual use of others. Conceptual and methodological limitations are discussed, including the use of coping measures and single‐method approaches, and ASD gender distribution. We propose a set of new directions for investigating ER in ASD, incorporating knowledge from other literatures on the role of flexibility in healthy adaptation, overlaps between flexibility and executive function deficits, the adaptive value of up‐regulation of positive emotions, and the importance of emotional self‐awareness. Increasing our capacity for identifying the mechanisms underlying co‐morbid affective disorders can ultimately inform the design of effective interventions to maximize the wellbeing of individuals with ASD. Autism Res 2018, 11: 962–978. © 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Lay SummaryResearch has shown that people diagnosed with autism tend to have difficulties with regulating their own emotions. This commentary article summarizes the main information from emotion regulation research conducted both in autism and in other populations. We make suggestions on how we can improve emotion regulation research in autism, with the ultimate goal being to use the learning gained from research to design effective interventions that can improve the wellbeing of people with autism.