bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Women’s Representation Among Members and Leaders of National Medical Specialty Societies
Authors: Jagsi Reshma , Means Olivia , Lautenberger Diana , Jones Rochelle D. , Griffith Kent A. , Flotte Terence R. , Gordon Lynn K. , Rexrode Kathryn M. , Wagner Lori W. , Chatterjee Archana 
Published: October 2019

Purpose
National medical specialty societies speak for their respective fields in policy debates, influence research, affect trainees’ specialization decisions, provide career development opportunities, and confer awards and recognitions. This study provides a comprehensive overview of the gender demographics of society members and leaders.

Method
In 2016, the Group on Women in Medicine and Science (of the Association of American Medical Colleges) sought to characterize the gender of members and leaders of specialty societies from 2000 to 2015. This report provides descriptive data, including how many of the responding societies (representing each of 30 major medical specialties) had substantial (> 10%) increases in women’s representation among leadership between the first and second halves of the study period.

Results
The average proportion of full members who were female in responding societies was 25.4% in 2005 and 29.3% in 2015. The proportion of women among those serving as the highest-ranking elected leader between 2000 and 2015 in each specialty ranged from 0% to 37.5% (mean, 15.8%). The mean proportion of women on governing boards ranged from 0% to 37.3% (mean of means, 18.8%) in 2000–2007 and from 0% to 47.6% (mean of means, 25.2%) in 2008–2015. In 9 specialties, the mean percentage of women serving on governing boards increased by over 10% from the first to the second half of the study period.

Conclusions
Although many women are full members of specialty societies, women still constitute a minority of leaders. This report establishes a baseline from which to evaluate the effect of societies’ efforts to improve diversity, equity, and inclusion.
Modified Method to Increase the Volume and Stability of Bleomycin Foam: An Experimental Study
Authors: Zhang Hao , Zhang Han-Shu , Chen An-Wei , Zhang Fan , Liu Shao-Hua 
Published: October 2019

BACKGROUND
Bleomycin foam is an effective sclerotherapy method for venous malformations. The preparation method is rather complicated, and the volume and stability of the foam are limited.

OBJECTIVE
To modify the currently used method for preparing bleomycin foam, to simplify the preparation procedure, and to produce foam with greater volume and increased stability.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
Experiment 1: 6.0 IU of bleomycin powder was dissolved in different human serum albumin (HSA):saline solution (SS) ratios of 0.5:1.5, 0.75:1.25, 1:1, 1.25:0.75, 1.5:0.5, 1.75:0.25, and 2:0 in volume; then, an air:liquid ratio of 2:1 was used to create foam using the Tessari method. Experiment 2: 6.0 IU of bleomycin was dissolved directly in 2.0 mL of HSA; then, air:liquid ratios of 1:1, 2:1, 3:1, and 4:1 were used to create foam using the Tessari method. The optimum proportions of HSA:SS and air:liquid were screened by comparing the foam half-life (FHL).

RESULTS
Experiment 1: the optimum proportion of HSA:SS was 2:0, and the FHL was 7.5 minutes. Experiment 2: the optimum proportion of air:liquid was 3:1, and the FHL was 9.0 minutes.

CONCLUSION
The modified method is simpler and could produce more stable bleomycin foam with greater volume.
Does It Work for Everyone? The Effect of the Take a Stand! Sitting-Intervention in Subgroups Defined by Socio-Demographic, Health-Related, Work-Related, and Psychosocial Factors
Authors: Danquah Ida H. , Tolstrup Janne S. 
Published: October 2019

Objective:
Take a Stand! was a multicomponent workplace-based intervention reducing sitting among office-workers. This study tested whether the effect of Take a Stand! differed across subgroups.

Methods:
A cluster-randomized controlled trial with objectively measured sitting-time as primary outcome evaluated Take a Stand! Main analysis was reanalyzed in strata defined by four levels of preselected factors: socio-demographic (eg, sex); health-related (eg, smoking); work-related (eg, workhours); and psychosocial (eg, motivation to change sitting).

Results:
No notable differences in the effect were observed: across all assessed subgroups sitting time was ∼60 minutes less after 1 month and ∼40 minutes less after 3 months in intervention as compared with control group.

Conclusion:
There was no differential effect of Take a Stand! indicating that the intervention was effective in all groups. This knowledge is advantageous when disseminating similar interventions to different populations of office workers.
Effectiveness and safety of perampanel in adults with mesial temporal epilepsy
Authors: Lin Chih-Yin , Lim Siew-Na , Chiangn Hsing-I , Cheng Mei-Yun , Chang Chun-Wei , Tseng Wei-En Johnny , Hsieh Hsiang-Yao , Li Han-Tao , Wu Tony 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) is a common epilepsy syndrome often refractory to antiepileptic drug (AED) treatment. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and tolerability of perampanel (PER) as add-on treatment for patients of MTLE.
We pooled retrospective data from adult patients with MTLE, from a tertiary center in Taiwan, who were prescribed PER between March 2016 and December 2016. The retention, responder, and seizure-free rate as well as the treatment emergent adverse events were assessed after 6 months of PER adjunctive treatment in this single-center postmarketing study.
Review of medical records revealed that adequate data were available for 44 patients who were being administered PER (mean age: 42.0 ± 13.3 years, 24 females; baseline mean seizure frequency: 5.4 per 28 days). Twelve patients exhibited hippocampal sclerosis (HS). Open-label PER was added to ongoing medications. Twelve patients withdrew because of ineffectiveness (n = 6) or adverse effects (n = 6). The retention rate was 72.7% at 6 months. On final evaluation, with a mean PER dose of 5.7 mg/day for 6 months, a ≥50% reduction in seizure frequency was observed in 46.9% of the patients, and 5 patients became seizure-free. The effectiveness was similar for patients with or without HS. Twenty-three patients (52.3%) experienced adverse effects. The most common adverse effects were dizziness, ataxia, and irritability.
Our results suggest that PER, at doses of 2 to 12 mg/day, reduces seizure frequency effectively with acceptable safety profiles for adults with MTLE.
T3 versus T4 video-assisted thoracoscopic sympathectomy for palmar hyperhidrosis
Authors: Chen Sui , Zhang Peipei , Chai Tianci , Shen Zhimin , Kang Mingqiang , Lin Jiangbo 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background:
Palmar hyperhidrosis (PH) is a common sympathetic disorder that reduces patient’ quality of life. Video-assisted thoracoscopic sympathectomy (VTS) is a popular and effective treatment for PH. However, there is substantial controversy about the treatment of PH with VTS at the T3 or T4 level. We will compare the quality metrics of VTS at T3 versus T4 to determine the optimal level for VTS.

Methods:
We will search PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, Cancerlit, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and the Google Scholar databases for relevant clinical trials published in any language before March 31, 2019. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs), quasi-RCTs, propensity score-matched comparative studies, and prospective cohort studies of interest, published or unpublished, that meet the inclusion criteria will be included. Subgroup analysis of the type of operation, sex of patient, and ethnicity of patient will be performed.

Results:
The results of this study will be published in a peer-reviewed journal.

Conclusions:
The results of this study will provide reliable evidence for the development of optimal treatment strategies for patients with PH. Owing to the characteristics of disease and intervention methods, randomized controlled trials may not be sufficient. We will include high-quality nonrandomized controlled trials, but this may lead to high heterogeneity and may affect the reliability of the results.

PROSPERO registration number:
CRD42018116607.
Tibial plateau fracture related to unicompartmental knee arthroplasty
Authors: Lu Chao , Ye Guozhu , Liu Wengang , Wu Huai , Wu Gaoyi , Chen Jin 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Rationale:
Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) is an effective method to treat single compartment disease of the knee joint. Report about the complications of UKA, especially tibial plateau fractures, is rare. Given its rarity, its pathogenesis is not well described, and a standard of treatment is still not established. Therefore, relevant studies and analysis of this complication have a significant effect on helping physicians avoid risks and guide clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Patient concerns:
The 1st case corresponds to a 70-year-old male patient who complained of knee pain, difficulty walking, nocturnal rest pain, and elevated skin temperature at 3 weeks after the left knee arthroplasty. The second case is a 72-year-old female patient who complained of left knee pain and swelling during movement at 2 weeks after the left knee arthroplasty.

Diagnosis:
The 1st case showed a fracture of the medial malleolus of the left knee and a secondary depression of the medial tibial plateau in X-rays and the second case showed a fracture of the medial malleolus of the left knee in computed tomography (CT) and X-rays.

Interventions:
The 1st case was treated with plate and screw fixation and the second case was treated conservatively and immobilized using brace and remained nonweight bearing for 6 weeks.

Outcomes:
After 1 year, both patients have good joint activity, and there was no pain or loosening of the prosthesis and fragment displacement.

Lessons:
The incidence of tibial plateau fractures (TPF) related to UKA might be low, but fatal and difficult to treat. Its pathogenesis determines procedure-related factors; when fracture develops, treatment should be based on the degree of displacement, stability of implant fixation, etc.
What is the best management option for non-significant residual shunt after device closure of perimembranous ventricular septal defect
Authors: Shao Shuran , Luo Chunyan , Zhou Kaiyu , Hua Yimin , Wang Chuan 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Rationale:
Non-significant residual shunt is a relatively common complication after device closure of perimembranous ventricular septal defects (Pm-VSD). Lifelong antibiotic prophylaxis has been recommended in guidelines to avoid infectious endocarditis (IE) if residual shunt remains. Clinicians, however, rarely follow it in their practice and regular follow-up was the most common option since post-procedure IE after transcatheter closure of PmVSD is rarely reported. We firstly described a case of IE after transcatheter closure of PmVSD with modified symmetrical double-disk device with a residual shunt, highlighting the need for reassessing the prognostic implications of post-procedure non-significant residual shunt and the most appropriate treatment strategy.

Patient concerns:
A 3-year old female received transcatheter closure of PmVSD sized 5.0 mm on left ventricular angiography with an 8-mm modified symmetric double-disk occluder (SHAMA) owing to a history of recurrent lower respiratory tract infections. Post-procedure echocardiography documented a non-significant residual shunt, but no additional interventions were performed. Two months post procedure, the child was re-admitted into our department with a complaint of persistent fever up to 41°C for 11 days and nonresponse to 1-week course of amoxicillin.

Diagnoses:
The diagnosis of post procedure IE was established since a vegetation (13 × 9 mm) was found to be attached to the tricuspid valve and the occluder, and Staphylococcus aureus was isolated from all three-blood cultures.

Interventions:
After 6 weeks of vancomycin treatment, the vegetation disappeared with no sign of valvular dysfunction. Three weeks after discharge, a second device was implanted to abolish persistent residual flow.

Outcomes:
Unfortunately, the child was ultimately transferred to surgical department due to severe hemolysis after the second device implantation. The occluders were removed and the VSD was closed with a pericardial patch. Tricuspid valvuloplasty was also performed and the following course was uneventful.

Lessons:
For non-significant residual shunt after device closure of PmVSD, implantation of a second device or surgical repair may be a better and more satisfactory alternative compared with lifelong antibiotic prophylaxis or no interventions, since associated IE can indeed occur despite its rarity and the risk of antibiotic-associated adverse events may outweigh the benefits.
Effects of qiming granule for diabetic macular edema
Authors: Hu Zhipeng , Yang Maoyi , Xie Chunguang , Gao Hong , Fu Xiaoxu , Xie Hongyan , Liu Ya 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background:
Diabetic macular edema is a further complication of diabetes. It is an important type of diabetic eye disease and the main cause of blindness of diabetic patients. Qiming granule is a Chinese patent medicine widely used in the treatment of diabetic macular edema. There are some reports about this medicine for macular edema. At present, there is only 1 systematic review on qiming granule in the treatment of diabetic macular edema. However, there are many defects in this article, so it is necessary to re-summarize and evaluate the existing evidence.

Methods and analysis:
Three English database and 4 Chinese databases other sources will be searched. Two methodological trained researchers will read the title, abstract and full texts, and independently select the qualified literature according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. After assessment of the risk of bias and data extraction, we will conduct meta-analyses for outcomes including central macular thickness, optimum corrected vision, overall effect rates, and adverse effects. The heterogeneity of data will be investigated by Cochrane χ
2 and I

2
tests. We build 3 hypotheses for subgroup analysis according to the guidance for a credible subgroup effect: Disease status at baseline, duration of intervention, type of concomitant medication. Sensitivity analysis will be conducted to evaluate the stability of the results. Then publication bias assessment will be conducted by funnel plot analysis and Egger test. Finally, we will use the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluate system to evaluate the quality of evidence.

Results:
The results of our research will be published in a peer-reviewed journal.

Conclusion:
In our study, the evidence of qiming granule in the treatment of macular edema was comprehensively summarized and carefully evaluated. It will provide more options for clinical treatment of the disease.

PROSPERO registration number:
CRD42018108626.
Identification of genes related to mental disorders by text mining
Authors: Wu Ying , Dang Meilin , Li Hongxia , Jin Xing , Yang Wenxiao 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Mental disorders are important diseases with a high prevalence rate in the general population. Common mental disorders are complex diseases with high heritability, and their pathogenesis is the result of interactions between genetic and environmental factors. However, the relationship between mental disorders and genes is complex and difficult to evaluate. Additionally, some mental disorders involve numerous genes, and a single gene can also be associated with different types of mental disorders.
This study used text mining (including word frequency analysis, cluster analysis, and association analysis) of the PubMed database to identify genes related to mental disorders.
Word frequency analysis revealed 52 high-frequency genes important in studies of mental disorders. Cluster analysis showed that 5-HTT, SLC6A4, and MAOA are common genetic factors in most mental disorders; the intra-group genes in each cluster were highly correlated. Some mental disorders may have common genetic factors; for example, there may be common genetic factors between ‘Affective Disorders’ and ‘Schizophrenia.’ Association analysis revealed 35 frequent itemsets and 25 association rules, indicating close associations among genes. The results of association rules showed that CCK, MAOA, and 5-HTT are the most closely related.
We used text mining technology to analyze genes related to mental disorders to further summarize and clarify the relationships between mental disorders and genes as well as identify potential relationships, providing a foundation for future experiments. The results of the associative analysis also provide a reference for multi-gene studies of mental disorders.
Risk factors of cage subsidence after removal of localized heterotopic ossification by anterior cervical discectomy and fusion
Authors: Li ShaoQing , Zhang Hao , Shen Yong , Wu ZhanYong 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The purpose of the study was to identify risk factors of cage subsidence and evaluate surgical outcome by at least 12 months postoperative follow-up.
We retrospectively investigated 113 consecutive patients who underwent anterior surgery to relieve spine cord compression resulted from localized heterotopic ossification, from July, 2011 to February, 2016. We divided the patients into 2 groups: cage subsidence <2 mm group and ≥2 mm group. According to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), the severity of increased signal intensity (ISI) was classified into grade 0, 1, and 2. Clinical outcome was assessed by the Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA) scoring system. Logistic regression analysis and receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve were utilized for predicting risk factors of cage subsidence, and the recovery rate was evaluated by Kruskal–Wallis test or Mann–Whitney U test.
Logistic regression with cage subsidence as the dependent variable showed independent risks associated with a cervical sagittal malalignment (odds ratio [OR] 11.23, 95% confidence interval [CI] 3.595–35.064, P < .001), thoracic 1 (T1) slope angle (OR 1.59, 95% CI 1.259–1.945, P < .001), and excisional thickness (OR 2.38, 95% CI 1.163–4.888.0, P = .018). The cut-off values of T1 slope and excisional thickness were 19.65 angle and 3.7 mm, respectively. Patients with high occupying ratio (P = .001) and high ISI grade (P = .012) are more likely to occur lower recovery rate.
Patients with high T1 slope angle or preoperative kyphotic deformity should avoid excessive removal of endplate and vertebral body so as to reduce the occurrence of cage subsidence. Poor outcome was closely related to cervical sagittal malalignment and higher ISI grade.
Are parents’ statements reliable for diagnosis of serious bacterial infection among children with fever without an apparent source?
Authors: Lee Ha Ni , Kwak Young Ho , Jung Jae Yun , Lee Se Uk , Park Joong Wan , Kim Do Kyun 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Serious bacterial infection (SBI) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in children. Distinguishing SBI from self-limiting viral infections is a very important task in the emergency department (ED), especially in the children with fever without source (FWS). The aim of this study was to analyze whether parents’ statements about clinical manifestations, which were categorized according to grades, are related to the actual diagnosis of SBI in children with FWS.
Retrospective analysis was conducted using prospectively acquired cohort data for all febrile children in the pediatric ED of Seoul National University Hospital from August 2016 to August 2017. The association of clinical manifestations and SBI was the main outcome of this study. The SBIs included diagnoses such as bacteremia, bacterial meningitis, urinary tract infection, and pneumonia. Clinical manifestations including activity, urination, and feeding were categorized into 3 or 4 grades according to the parents’ statements. The linear-by-linear association test was used to examine linear associations between the severity of clinical manifestations and SBI. Receiver operating characteristic curves for clinical manifestations were constructed for patients with SBI. Area under the curve (AUC) statistics and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were obtained to evaluate the predictive performance of clinical manifestations.
There was no linear association between SBI and non-SBI when compared by severity of the clinical manifestations, such as duration of fever (P = .299), activity (P = .781), feeding (P = .161), and urination (P = .834). The AUC was 0.54 (95% CI 0.41–0.67) for duration of fever, 0.52 for activity (95% CI 0.40–0.64), 0.42 for feeding (95% CI 0.32–0.53), and 0.51 for urination (95% CI 0.39–0.62).
There was no evidence that the test performance of the clinical manifestations is valid for predicting SBIs, even considering the severity of manifestations. For optimal evaluation of the children with FWS, more comprehensive approach including laboratory tests, are needed.
Acupuncture vs sham acupuncture for simple obesity
Authors: Zhong Yu-Mei , Lai De-Li , Chen Yang , Luo Xiao-Chao , Lu Wen-Ting , Shang Ya-Nan , Zhang Lin-Lin , Zhou Hai-Yan 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background:
Obesity is a growing chronic health problem worldwide. Studies about acupuncture for obesity treatment are many. But there are some doubts about the effectiveness of acupuncture vs sham acupuncture in treating obesity due to its lack of an evidence-based medical proof. Therefore, the aim of this study is to assess the efficacy of acupuncture for obesity treatment and provide clinic evidence.

Methods:
This protocol was based on the previous reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis agreements. Four English databases (PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials) and 4 Chinese databases (China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese BioMedical Database, Chinese Scientific Journal Database, Wan-Fang Data) will be searched from their receptions to August 2019. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) using acupuncture compared sham acupuncture (or no treatment) to treat simple obesity will be included. The primary outcome of body mass index (BMI) and body weight (BW) will be used to measure the effect of acupuncture on obesity. According to the trial data extraction form based on the Cochrane Handbook, 2 reviewers will separately extract the data. Risk of bias of the RCTs will be assessed by the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool. Publication bias will be assessed with funnel plots.

Results:
This study will be to evaluate whether acupuncture is an effective intervention for simple obesity when compared with sham acupuncture.

Conclusion:
The conclusion of this study will help clinicians provide effective treatment options for obese patients.

Ethics and dissemination:
Ethical approval is not required for systematic review and meta- analysis. The results of this review will be disseminated in a peer-review journal.

PROSPERO registration number:
PROSPERO CRD42019129825.