bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A clinical study of postpartum depression and its association with postnatal factors
Authors: Mathur Poonam , Mathur Rahul , Singh Archana 
Published: April 2018

Background: The postpartum period is a time of tremendous emotional and physical change for most women as they adapt to new roles and alteration in their physiology. Postpartum depression has seen its rise lately. Multiple factors might be responsible for causation. Symptoms include depression, tearfulness, emotional liability, guilt, anorexia, sleep disorders, feeling inadequate, detachment from the baby, poor concentration, forgetfulness, fatigue, and irritability.Methods: We have conducted a study in 225 postpartum females and assessed them for depression and associated postnatal depression. The 10-question Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) was used for assessing depression.Results: Depression was evaluated as 6%. It was also found that 2% mothers with IUD babies developed postnatal depression. 1.33% cases with babies having congenital anomaly developed postnatal depression. 1.33% cases with babies having nursery admission developed postnatal depression. This has been correlated with many other studies.Conclusions: It is found that perinatal factors do affect postnatal depression as it is found in mothers who have an adverse perinatal outcome. Further research is implicated in this field.
A study to compare the usefulness of a careful clinical examination with venous Doppler studies in patients with varicose veins
Authors: Ummer Sameer Babu , Kanchana B. 
Published: April 2018

Background: The significance of recognizing and locating incompetent perforating veins for treating the patients with varicose vein and venous ulcers is well established. Several methods of diagnosing incompetent perforating veins have been evaluated in the past, however, none show satisfactory accuracy in predicting incompetent perforating veins. Clinical examination with digital palpation of fascial defects is the most widely used method. These fascial clefts are generally thought to keep up a correspondence to incompetent perforating veins. Further evidence is obtained when digital pressure relief on the defect leads to filling of superficial varicose veins or if a tourniquet applied beneath the defect prevents it. The purpose of the present study was to compare clinical examination with that of Doppler venous study in the diagnosis of incompetent perforating veins of lower limbs.Methods: T This is a Cross-sectional comparative study which was carried out in 34 (13 women, 21 men) patients with lower limb varicose veins admitted to the department of general surgery in Aarupadai Veedu medical college and hospital. 38 limbs were studied in 34 patients. They were evaluated by clinical tests and Doppler ultrasound. Results: Saphenofemoral incompetence was correctly diagnosed in all the 38 limbs both by clinical test and Doppler ultrasound. In the evaluation of perforator competency, the sensitivity was 88.14% by clinical tests and 98.31% by Doppler ultrasound.Conclusions: From this study and results, it shows that doppler ultrasound evaluation of the varicose veins should be done for accurate diagnosis in all patients before planning surgery.
Study frequency of ABO and RH in patients with acute coronary syndrome referred to Ardabil city hospital
Authors: Zamani Bijan , Amani Firouz , Hadeei Faranak 
Published: April 2018

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Regarding the high prevalence, the increasing trend of acute coronary syndrome (ACS), the importance of etiological studies of diseases and the existence of some reports on the role of blood groups in the development of diseases, including IHD, in order to study the blood groups in patients with acute coronary syndrome and other factors, this research was conducted in Ardabil.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This is a descriptive study that was carried out from March 2016 to May 2017 in a Hospital of Ardabil on 500 patients selected randomly from patients admitted to cardiac care unit of Hospital. The criteria for entering the study were: All subjects over the age of 30 and both sexes were males and females who had myocardial infarction (MI), unstable angina (UA) based on history, examination, serial electrocardiography and measurement cardiac enzymes are given by a specialist physician and they are willing to participate in the study. Then, in the checklist for each patient, the blood type ABO and RH, the age, sex, and risk factors of the disease such as hypertension, diabetes, obesity, consumption smoking, high blood lipids, and family history of premature stenosis were extracted from the patient records and then analyzes by statistical methods in SPSS.19. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Of all patients, 60.2% were male and the mean age was 62.28 years. Hypertension with 61.6%, smoking with 37.4%, and hyperlipidemia with 23.4% were the most common risk factors among patients. The blood groups A and A+ were the most common type of blood type, but due to the higher prevalence of A blood group in healthy individuals living in Ardabil, there was no significant relation between ACS and blood groups.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Results showed that blood groups did not show a meaningful relationship with the incidence of ACS and did not find any association between severity of this syndrome and blood groups.</p>
Cemented versus uncemented hemiarthroplasty in elderly patients with displaced femoral neck fractures
Authors: Chaurasia Tushar , Charan Rajat 
Published: April 2018

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> This study compared functional outcome and results between cemented and uncemented bipolar hemiarthroplasty in patients older than 60 years with displaced femoral neck fracture.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Total fifty four patients with displaced femoral neck fracture were enrolled in this study. Out of total twenty eight patients underwent uncemented bipolar hemiarthroplasty and remaining twenty six patients underwent cemented bipolar hemiarthroplasty. Physical examination and radiographs were performed at the first and sixth months after operation and results were recorded. The patient’s pain and functions were evaluated with visual analogue scale and Harris Hip Score<strong> </strong>and then compared to each other.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> All patients were followed up for at least 6 months. Mean operation and bleeding times were longer in cemented group compared to the uncemented group (p&gt;0.05). The mean pain score was significantly less in the cemented group compared to the uncemented group (p=0.001). Hip functional outcome based on HHS was more in the cemented (p=0.001). The intraoperative and postoperative complication rate was higher in the uncemented group (p&lt;0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Although higher rates of intraoperative bleeding and surgery time were seen with cemented bipolar hemiarthroplasty in older patients with femoral neck fracture compared to uncemented bipolar hemiarthroplasty, cemented bipolar hemiarthroplasty can cause less complication and improve patient’s function in less time. </p>
Seasonal variation of pediatric dermatoses: a retrospective study conducted in tertiary care centre Ujjain
Authors: Kumar Ujjwal , Varma Krishnendra , Khairwar Pawan Kumar 
Published: April 2018

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Skin diseases in pediatric age are common health problem with wide variation in the presentation in various regions. Association of seasonal variation in skin disease has been studied for centuries. Environmental factors plays significant role in skin disease. Different climatic factors that may decide the incidence of skin diseases. Cold, warmth, light and humidity play direct or indirect role in occurrence of various dermatosis. Many studies have been done to study pattern of skin disease in pediatric population but only few studies are done for its clinical correlation of seasonal variation. Hence we decided to study seasonal variation in pediatric dermatoses. The objective of the study was to study the seasonal variation, age-wise variation and distribution of common dermatoses in pediatric population in 0-15 years.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This was a retrospective study done in R.D. Gardi Medical College, Ujjain over a period of one year. A total of 1110 cases of age 0-15 years, who presented in out-patient clinic of dermatology deparment were included in this study. Demographic profile and clinical details were recorded. Data were collected and patient’s details were categorized according to four seasons summer, autumn, winter and spring. Microsoft excel was used for data entry and analysis was done using SPSS version 22.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Out of all the subjects recruited, 55.7% were males and 44.3% were females with M:F ratio1.25:1. The maximum numbers of patients were in the age group of 10-15 years (43.3%). Majority of visits were in summer (n=360, 32.43%) followed by winter and spring season. Most common dermatosis seen during summer was bacterial infection (n=93, 8.37%) and during winter was eczema (n=62, 5.58%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Dermatoses in children are wide spread problem responsible for significant morbidity in them. In the present study there is seasonal variation of dermatological diseases in pediatric age group. </p>
Clinical evaluation of common allergens in contact dermatitis to cement
Authors: Narashimman K. , Gomathi V. 
Published: April 2018

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Cement is the most common cause of occupational dermatitis in construction industry. Skin contact with cement results in irritant contact dermatitis ranging from cement burns to chronic cumulative irritant contact dermatitis. Chromate, cobalt, nickel, epoxy resins and rubber chemicals are the important allergens in construction workers. The objective of the study was to study various clinical pattern of distribution and association between the duration of exposure to cement and clinical manifestation in occupational group.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> 107 cases of contact dermatitis with history of exposure to cement attending the occupational contact dermatitis outpatient department, Department of Dermatology, Rajiv Gandhi Government General Hospital and college, All the patients were subjected to blood investigation such as complete hemogram, liver function test, renal function test and absolute eosinophil count. Patient with history and clinical features suggestive of contact dermatitis due to cement were patch tested.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Among 107 patients, the most common pattern of involvement includes extremities which account for 64 patients (59.8%) Involvement of face, neck, trunk and extremities was seen in 11 patients (10.3%). Among 81 positive patch test patients, chromium was positive in 78 patients (96.3%) followed by epoxy resin in 14 patients 17.3% and cobalt and thiuram mix in 9 patients (11.1%) each and the least was black rubber mix in 3 patients (3.7%).</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> This study emphasizes the need for standardization in the chrome content of cement. Strict workplace safety guidelines should be implemented from government to protect workers from developing contact dermatitis to cement. </p>
On Philip Abrams and a Multi-Faceted “Historical Event”: The Urabi Movement (1879-1882) in Egypt
Authors: AŞIK Ozan 
Published: April 2018

This article explores the Urabi Revolt (1879-1882) in
Egypt as a unique historical event from Philip Abrams’ theoretical perspective.
Abrams argues that the extent of the complexity and uniqueness of a historical
event can be assessed based on the conjunction of various elements and aspects
the event embodies. The Urabi movement represents a “puzzle of the complex
factors”, to use Abrams’ terminology, which impacts a large-scale social
transformation – the transition of Egypt from a Middle Eastern monarchy to a
modern nation-state. Departing from this point of view, in the article, I argue
that the Urabi movement was a convergence of a range of loosely related
developments over the course of a historical event. Hence the question here is
not about choosing a single development among a variety of them and focusing on
it to explain the whole process, but about capturing how each development
shaped the course and character of the event and to what degree.
Bat optimisation neural networks for rainfall forecasting: case study for Kuching city
Authors: Kuok King Kuok , Kueh Sze Miang , Chiu Po Chan 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
This paper presents a novel metaheuristic artificial neural network (ANN) model, named as Bat optimisation neural network (BatNN), for spatial downscaling of long-term precipitation. This novel BatNN was developed due to the inefficiency of traditional ANNs in spatial downscaling of large-scale outputs from climate models. Input data are predictors from three climate models including HadCM3, ECHAM5 and HadGEM3-RA combined with observed precipitation collected from Kuching airport rainfall station. The output is the forecasted precipitation. Data from 1961 to 1990 were used for model training, while data from 1991 to 2010 were used for validation. Square root of correlation of determination (r), root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE) and Nash–Sutcliffe coefficient (E) are used to evaluate the models' performance. Results showed that through global and local searches, BatNN is able to avoid local optima trappings. The average r, RMSE, MAE and E for three climate models were yielded to 0.96, 1.69, 1.40 and 0.84, respectively. This reveals that BatNN is able to optimise and forecast long-term precipitation accurately.
Early Occurrence Cases of Diabetes Mellitus: Clinical Picture in Two Major Tertiary Care Hospitals in India
Authors: Joseph Nitin , Sharma Shreya , Modi Vinisha , Manjunatha Sanath , Siddiqui Saad A. , Sinha Mihika 
Published: April 2018

Introduction:
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) is one of the most common endocrine
diseases in childhood. However, very limited information is available on this disease.

Objectives:

This study was done to assess risk factors, clinical features and management practices in
T1D patients.

Methods:
A review of records of 39 T1D cases admitted over the past five years in two hospitals was
done.

Results:
The mean age at diagnosis among males (n=21) was 19.9±10.3 years and among females
(n=18) was 12.3±7.5 years (t=2.614, p=0.013). Mean age at diagnosis of patients who were underweight
(n=7) was 9.9±4.4 years, compared to 17.8±10.1 years among patients (n=32) with normal or
overweight status (t=2.028, p=0.05). The family history of T1D was present among 7(18.0%) cases.
The most common symptoms among the cases were fatigue 22(56.4%), polyuria 19(48.7%) and
polydipsia 18(46.1%). The most common sign was weight loss 27(69.2%). The most common complications
were diabetic nephropathy and skin infections seen each among 10(25.6%) cases. Mean duration
of T1D was significantly more among patients with diabetic nephropathy (p<0.001), compared to
those without. Mean HbA1c value among patients was 12.9±2.7. It was significantly more among patients
with Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) (p=0.012). A short-acting insulin was used in the management
of T1D among 59.5% cases. The outcome of the management showed a loss of one patient who
developed DKA.

Conclusion:
Routine growth monitoring and blood glucose analysis is required among T1D cases. The
present study provides a database of risk factors, clinical features, and management practices among
patients with T1D in this region and addresses several issues important to both patients and their care
providers.
Optimization of Microwave-Assisted Extraction of Phenolic Compounds from Medicinal and Aromatic Plants: Sideritis raeseri, Sideritis scardica and Origanum vulgare
Authors: Sarakatsianos Ioannis , Adamopoulos Konstantinos , Samanidou Victoria , Goula Athanasia , Ninou Elissavet 
Published: April 2018

Background:
Medicinal plants consist a rich source of natural pharmacologically active
compounds. The aim of the current work, was the study and optimization of the extraction conditions of
phenolic constituents from important medicinal and aromatic plants, id. Sideritis raeseri, Sideritis scardica
and Origanum vulgare, implementing microwave assisted extraction technique.

Methods:
Optimization was based on various parameters affecting extraction procedure, such as the
duration of microwave radiation, the ratio of plant material mass to the solvent, the type and the concentration
of the solvent.

Results:
The results revealed that 10 min of microwave radiation provided the maximum extraction
yield of the phenolic constituents. The ratio of the plant material mass and the solvent had minor effect
to the extraction efficiency.

Conclusion:
The examined solvents provided an extraction yield of phenolic constituents following the
order: EtOH<MeOH<H2O<MeOH:H2O (80:20, v/v)<EtOH:H2O (60:40, v/v), in the case of Sideritis
raeseri and Sideritis scardica and the order: H2O<MeOH:H2O (80:20, v/v)<EtOH:H2O (60:40, v/v) <
MeOH<EtOH in the case of Origanum vulgare.
Composites of Poly (3,4-Ethylenedioxythiophene) with Nanostructures as Electrochemical Sensors for Application in Bioelectroanalysis
Authors: Krzyczmonik Paweł , Skrzypek Sławomira 
Published: April 2018

Background:The article presents the state of research on conductive composite materials constructed on the basis of poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT), a conductive polymer, as well as selected nanoparticles and nanostructures. Combining two or more materials in a composite which is later used in electrode modification can result in obtaining an electrode with new, more desirable properties. One of such fields is pharmacological analysis which, due to the continuous emergence of new substances and often also a need for analyte determination in complex samples, requires newer instruments in the form of suitably sensitive and selective sensors.Contents:The review contains the description of properties of PEDOT and composite PEDOT with polystyrenesulfonates. In the following part, composite materials are described: PEDOT-CNT, PEDOT- nanoparticles, PEDOT-graphene. The review closes with the examples of multi-component composite materials.Conclusion:The on-going development of new substances used in medicine, pharmacy and related fields, as well as the continuous increase in the production and consumption of this type of substances, necessitates constant development and modernization of analytical techniques used for their determination.:Biomedical assays require being able to carry out determinations in different systems, including in vitro ones, without separating individual compounds. It is necessary to be able to identify several substances simultaneously or determine one compound in the presence of chemically similar substances. Modern electrode materials such as PEDOT and nanostructured materials allow for the development of sensors which are getting increasingly better at meeting the requirements of the analysts.
Active Surveillance for Low-risk Prostate Cancer: Are All Criteria Similar?
Authors: Cimino Sebastiano , Privitera Salvatore , Favilla Vincenzo , Cantiello Francesco , Manno Stefano , Cicione Antonio , Damiano Rocco , Russo Giorgio Ivan , Morgia Giuseppe 
Published: April 2018

Background:
Active Surveillance (AS) is a therapeutic strategy for early-stage Prostate Cancer (PCa)
conceived to balance early detection of aggressive disease and overtreatment of indolent tumor. Several active
surveillance protocols have been published over the years, however the risk of misclassification still exist. In
this review, we revised the current criteria of AS and evaluated the characteristics of potential risk factors of
misclassification or deferred treatment.

Methods:
We did a systematic search of the MEDLINE database, from 1993 to May 2015, according to Preferred
Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis statement guidelines and limited to the English
language. The search terms used included “prostate cancer” and “active surveillance” and “criteria. We have
excluded from the study reviews and editorial comments as well as multiple papers from the same data sets.

Results:
Although the follow-up of reported studies was a quite short compared to the duration of the disease,
the data are sufficient to conclude that active surveillance should be offered to men with low-risk disease and to
men with intermediate risk and poor life expectancy. The present challenge, in fact, is to differentiate the clinically
silent disease from the unfavorable course by identifying the right timing for any deferred treatment. This
is made particularly difficult by the absence of randomized controlled trials directly comparing different AS
monitoring methods.

Conclusion:
As summarized in this review, it is still difficult to select patients eligible for active surveillance
and differentiate them from those that should move to active treatment. From the data, currently available in the
literature, however, it is possible to recommend active surveillance to men with low-risk disease and to men
with intermediate-risk disease but with short life expectancy.
Systemic Injections of Primidone Cause Wake-Inducing Effects in Rats
Authors: Salas-Crisóstomo Mireille , Franco-Tormo María J. , Trujillo-Paredes Niurka , Arankowsky-Sandoval Gloria , Arias-Carrión Óscar , Machado Sérgio , Murillo-Rodríguez Eric 
Published: April 2018

Background:Essential Tremor (ET) is a disease present in neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson´s disease. Besides the motor dysfunction, ET also causes sleep problems, including excessive daytime sleepiness. To manage ET, several compounds are prescripted, such as primidone. However, no evidence is available regarding the effects of primidone on sleep. </P><P> Objective: We analyzed the effects of systemic injections of primidone on sleep in rats. </P><P> Method: Rats with sleep electrodes received different doses of primidone (0, 5, 10 or 50mg/Kg, i.p.) at the beginning of the lights-on period. Next, the effects of primidone on the states of vigilance were characterized.Results:At the highest dose of primidone (50mg/Kg), animals displayed an increase in Wakefulness (W) whereas Slow Wave Sleep (SWS) and Rapid Eye Movement Sleep (REMS) were decreased. In addition, sleep parameters such as the number of bouts, mean duration and latency were affected in primidone-treated animals. In this regard, the drug caused an enhancement in the number of bouts of W and SWS while the number of events of REMS showed a diminution. Regarding the mean duration, we found that SWS was decreased after primidone treatments whereas W and REMS remained with no statistical changes. Lastly, the latency of SWS was enhanced in primidone-treated animals while no statistical changes were found in REMS.Conclusion:Our findings demonstrate that primidone, a drug that is used to control ET, provokes wake-inducing effects in rats.
GLOBAL MEDIA ON THE SPOTLIGHT: AN ANALYSIS THROUGH OLYMPIC BID BOOKS
Authors: Dos Santos Doiara Silva , Medeiros Ana Gabriela Alves 
Published: April 2018

O objetivo deste estudo é identificar e discutir as construções discursivas que envolvem as operações midiáticas em três livros de candidatura oficiais: Londres 2012, Rio 2016 e Madrid 2020. A análise do discurso foi conduzida baseada em uma compreensão de discurso que é atenta ao papel que desempenham as autoridades esportivas (aquelas responsáveis pela elaboração dos livros de candidatura); o público-alvo destes livros (membros executivos do Comitê Olímpico Internacional); e as circunstâncias em que o texto é produzido, circulado e comunicado (a candidatura de uma cidade a sediar os Jogos Olímpicos). Em geral, os discursos analisados refletem uma tendência para a homogeneidade no complexo global da mídia esportiva reproduzem as complexas relações de reciprocidade entre a mídia e as organizações esportivas.