bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Unfulfilled Promise of Prokinetics for Functional Dyspepsia/Postprandial Distress Syndrome
Authors: Tack Jan , Van den Houte Karen , Carbone Florencia 
Published: January 2019

Abstract:
Functional dyspepsia (FD) is subdivided into epigastric pain syndrome and postprandial distress syndrome according to the Rome IV consensus. Based on the assumption that disordered gastric motility is a key pathophysiologic factor in postprandial distress syndrome, prokinetic agents are often proposed as the treatment of choice for this subgroup. Although a meta-analysis suggests that prokinetic agents may be efficacious and safe in FD, there is a lack of widely available agents of proven efficacy. This review analyzes some of the difficulties and challenges in establishing therapeutic efficacy of prokinetic drugs in FD.
Is Fasting Necessary for Individuals With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease to Undergo Vibration-Controlled Transient Elastography?
Authors: Vuppalanchi Raj , Weber Regina , Russell Sarah , Gawrieh Samer , Samala Niharika , Slaven James E. , Harden Lauren , Chalasani Naga 
Published: January 2019

OBJECTIVES:
To investigate the effect of meal intake on liver stiffness measurement (LSM) and controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) in patients with biopsy-proven nonalcoholic fatty liver disease undergoing vibration-controlled transient elastography.

METHODS:
LSM and CAP were assessed at baseline and serially for 6 hours after meal intake in 24 patients.

RESULTS:
A significant increase in LSM was seen up to the 2-hour time point (26 ± 25%, P = 0.02). The CAP scores changed minimally with a maximal change of 3% (P > 0.1).

CONCLUSIONS:
Three hours of fasting is necessary before evaluation with vibration-controlled transient elastography.
Operator Popoviciu’s inequality for superquadratic and convex functions of selfadjoint operators in Hilbert spaces
Authors: Alomari Mohammad W. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIn this work, an operator version of Popoviciu’s inequality for positive operators on Hilbert spaces under positive linear maps for superquadratic functions is proved.
Analogously, using the same technique, an operator version of Popoviciu’s inequality for convex functions is obtained.
Some other related inequalities are also presented.
Nichtlineare modellprädiktive Regelung eines Abwärmerückgewinnungssystems für LKW-Dieselmotoren
Authors: Koppauer Herwig , Kemmetmüller Wolfgang , Kugi Andreas 
Published: January 2019

Zusammenfassung
Dieser Beitrag beschreibt die modellprädiktive Regelung (MPC) eines Abwärmerückgewinnungssystems für LKW-Dieselmotoren, welches auf dem Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) basiert. Zahlreiche Publikationen behandelten bisher die Regelung des Hochdruckteils von ORC-Systemen. Allerdings erfordert der optimale Betrieb des betrachteten Systems auch eine genaue Regelung des Niederdruckteils.
Der Fokus dieser Arbeit liegt daher auf der Erweiterung einer bereits vorgestellten MPC des Hochdruckteils um die optimale Regelung des Niederdruckteils. Die Referenzgrößen für den optimalen Systembetrieb werden aus den Ergebnissen einer stationären Optimierung abgeleitet. Der Test des präsentierten Regelungskonzepts an einem mit Messungen validierten Simulationsmodell zeigt eine ausgezeichnete Folgeregelung der optimalen Referenzgrößen unter Einhaltung der Systembeschränkungen.
Feature selection for spectral clustering: to help or not to help spectral clustering when performing sense discrimination for IR?
Authors: Chifu Adrian-Gabriel , Hristea Florentina 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Whether or not word sense disambiguation (WSD) can improve information retrieval (IR) results represents a topic that has been intensely debated over the years, with many inconclusive or contradictory conclusions. The most rarely used type of WSD for this task is the unsupervised one, although it has been proven to be beneficial at a large scale. Our study builds on existing research and tries to improve the most recent unsupervised method which is based on spectral clustering. It investigates the possible benefits of “helping” spectral clustering through feature selection when it performs sense discrimination for IR. Results obtained so far, involving large data collections, encourage us to point out the importance of feature selection even in the case of this advanced, state of the art clustering technique that is known for performing its own feature weighting. By suggesting an improvement of what we consider the most promising approach to usage of WSD in IR, and by commenting on its possible extensions, we state that WSD still holds a promise for IR and hope to stimulate continuation of this line of research, perhaps at an even more successful level.
MCT1, MCT4 and CD147 expression and 3-bromopyruvate toxicity in colorectal cancer cells are modulated by the extracellular conditions
Authors: Pereira-Vieira Joana , Azevedo-Silva João , Preto Ana , Casal Margarida , Queirós Odília 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs) inhibition leads to disruption in glycolysis, induces cell death and decreases cell invasion, revealing the importance of MCT activity in intracellular pH homeostasis and tumor aggressiveness. 3-Bromopyruvate (3BP) is an anti-tumor agent, whose uptake occurs via MCTs. It was the aim of this work to unravel the importance of extracellular conditions on the regulation of MCTs and in 3BP activity. HCT-15 was found to be the most sensitive cell line, and also the one that presented the highest basal expression of both MCT1 and of its chaperone CD147. Glucose starvation and hypoxia induced an increased resistance to 3BP in HCT-15 cells, in contrast to what happens with an extracellular acidic pH, where no alterations in 3BP cytotoxicity was observed. However, no association with MCT1, MCT4 and CD147 expression was observed, except for glucose starvation, where a decrease in CD147 (but not of MCT1 and MCT4) was detected. These results show that 3BP cytotoxicity might include other factors beyond MCTs. Nevertheless, treatment with short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) increased the expression of MCT4 and CD147 as well as the sensitivity of HCT-15 cells to 3BP. The overall results suggest that MCTs influence the 3BP effect, although they are not the only players in its mechanism of action.
Enhancement the Dynamic Performance of Islanded Microgrid Using a Coordination of Frequency Control and Digital Protection
Authors: Mohamed Emad A. , Mitani Yasunori 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
This paper presents an assortment study between the virtual inertia control (VIC)-based a new optimal PID controller, load frequency control (LFC), and the digital protection for an islanded microgrid (MG) taking into consideration the emerging level of renewable energy resources (RERs), which is a promising solution. However, the reduction in system inertia due to increasing the amount of RERs causes undesirable impact to MG dynamic stability, threatens the system security, and could lead to complete blackouts as well as damages to the system equipment. Therefore, maintaining the dynamic security in MGs is one of the important challenges, which considered in this paper using a specific design of a digital over/under frequency relay (OUFR) with coordination of the VIC to protect the MG against high-frequency variations. To prove the effectiveness of the proposed coordination strategy, it has been tested considering sudden load change, high integration of RERs. Moreover, the sensitivity analysis of the presented technique was examined by varying the inertia level of MG system. The results stated that the proposed coordination can effectively regulate the MG frequency and maintain the dynamic stability and security.
A quasi-boundary regularization method for identifying the initial value of time-fractional diffusion equation on spherically symmetric domain
Authors: Yang Fan , Wang Ni , Li Xiao-Xiao , Huang Can-Yun 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
In this paper,
an inverse problem to identify the initial value for high dimension time fractional diffusion equation on spherically symmetric domain is considered. This problem is ill-posed in the sense of Hadamard, so the quasi-boundary regularization method is proposed to solve the problem. The convergence estimates between the regularization solution and the exact solution are presented under the a priori and a posteriori regularization parameter choice rules. Numerical examples are provided to show the effectiveness and stability of the proposed method.
On solenoidal-injective and injective ray transforms of tensor fields on surfaces
Authors: Krishnan Venkateswaran P. , Mishra Rohit K. , Monard François 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
We first give a constructive answer to the attenuated tensor tomography problem on simple surfaces. We then use this result to propose two approaches to produce vector-valued integral transforms, which are fully injective over tensor fields. The first approach is by construction of appropriate weights, which vary along the geodesic flow, generalizing the moment transforms. The second one is by changing the pairing with the tensor field to generate a collection of transverse ray transforms.
Identification of an unknown spatial load distribution in a vibrating beam or plate from the final state
Authors: Van Bockstal Karel 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
The theoretical and numerical determination of a space-dependent load distribution in
a simply supported non-homogeneous Euler–Bernoulli beam and Kirchhoff–Love plate is investigated. The uniqueness of a solution to this inverse source problem is proved, whilst counterexamples are constructed to discuss the conditions under which uniqueness holds.
A convergent and stable iterative algorithm is proposed for the recovery of the unknown load source and a stopping criterion is also given.
Several one-dimensional numerical experiments are considered to investigate the properties
of the proposed iterative procedure.
All-Optical Switching Device Using Plasmonic Mach-Zehnder Interferometer Structure
Authors: Singh Lokendra , Kumar Santosh , Kaushik Brajesh Kumar 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
The basic logic gates play a key role in performing the mathematical computation. The plasmonics has the uniqueness of confining surface plasmons beyond the diffraction limit. Plasmonic-based Mach-Zehnder interferometer with an extinction ratio of 26 dB is proposed to design the structure of all-optical XOR and XNOR logic gate. A theoretical analysis of proposed gate is carried out using finite-difference-time-domain method and MATLAB simulation results.
Evaluation of Gravity Data Derived from Global Gravity Field Models Using Terrestrial Gravity Data in Enugu State, Nigeria
Authors: Apeh O.I. , Moka E.C. , Uzodinma V.N. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Spherical harmonic expansion is a commonly applied mathematical representation of the earth’s gravity field. This representation is implied by the potential coeffcients determined by using elements/parameters of the field observed on the surface of the earth and/or in space outside the earth in the spherical harmonic expansion of the field. International Centre for Gravity Earth Models (ICGEM) publishes, from time to time, Global Gravity Field Models (GGMs) that have been developed. These GGMs need evaluation with terrestrial data of different locations to ascertain their accuracy for application in those locations. In this study, Bouguer gravity anomalies derived from a total of eleven (11) recent GGMs, using sixty sample points, were evaluated by means of Root-Mean-Square difference and correlation coeficient. The Root-Mean-Square differences of the computed Bouguer anomalies from ICGEMwebsite compared to their positionally corresponding terrestrial Bouguer anomalies range from 9.530mgal to 37.113mgal. Additionally, the correlation coe_cients of the structure of the signal of the terrestrial and GGM-derived Bouguer anomalies range from 0.480 to 0.879. It was observed that GECO derived Bouguer gravity anomalies have the best signal structure relationship with the terrestrial data than the other ten GGMs. We also discovered that EIGEN-6C4 and GECO derived Bouguer anomalies have enormous potential to be used as supplements to the terrestrial Bouguer anomalies for Enugu State, Nigeria.
An approach to the notion of “linguistic minority” in the light of the identificatory relation between a group and its minority language
Authors: Viaut Alain 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
The notion of “linguistic minority” not only incorporates the concept of group but also serves to define that group. Yet the relation between language and group can be considered in various ways. The primary function of language being that of communication, this will necessarily play a key role in defining the contours of any group whose language is different from neighbouring languages. Regardless of whether a group is established in a territory, for as long as it practises and asserts its language, the identificatory relation between that language and that group, and its consequences, implies different degrees of awareness.
Any linguistic minority draws on structures of its own which are perceived as its own. To be able to categorise it, will mean emphasising the identificatory relation between language and group. In contrast concepts such as “minority language” rely primarily upon the territorialised legitimacy of a language or upon its demolinguistic data. This link with the group can reinforce linguistic consciousness with the help of its own structures, support that “minority language” does not necessarily imply.
A wink and a nod: The role of emojis in forming digital communities
Authors: Graham Sage L. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAs digital interactions become more global, individuals who bring divergent practices ‘to the keyboard’ must interact with other participants who come to the digital space with different cultural norms and expectations. This study explores the interface between local expectations and global practice through emoji use in online gaming – a venue which brings people from around the globe together on a common ‘playing field’. Since emojis were originally designed to tap into universals in human experience and expression, they are a ready-made resource through which individuals can integrate their culture-based expectations with communicative norms that are rooted in the common denominators of the (global) digital environment. Using live chat data from the game streaming platform Twitch, this study examines emojis posted to the open chat room during game streams of one female and one male gamer. The analysis examines the ways that participants use these semiotic images to orient toward gaming communities of practice and claim identities within gaming groups. It also explores whether emoji use is affected by the gender of the streamer. Analysis indicates that participants in the man’s stream differ from participants woman’s stream in the ways they use emojis to claim community membership and employ emojis as phatic devices.
Negotiating “thick” identities through “light” practices: YouTube metalinguistic comments about language in Ukraine
Authors: Tovares Alla V. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThis article investigates YouTube metalinguistic comments about language varieties in Ukraine as a “light” practice to demonstrate how knowledge and identities are negotiated online against the backdrop of larger sociopolitical discourses that circulate in and about Ukraine. This work adds to our understanding of online, or “light”, identity construction by suggesting that taking up epistemic stances and overtly asserting epistemic statuses are often a part of such identity work. Furthermore, deliberate linguistic choices not only serve to index identities but also create (dis)affiliations and thus can be deployed as a means of inclusion or exclusion from a particular online group, often shifting between (and integrating) local and global themes and audiences. The analysis shows how by drawing on repetition, deixis, pronouns, and lexical choices, YouTube commenters police, reify, and contest the extant language practices and underlying ideologies and in so doing create a foundation for grassroots ideological and political mobilization.
“You might want to look up the definition of ‘continental breakfast’”: Other-initiated repair and community-building in health and weight loss blogs
Authors: Gordon Cynthia 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThis study examines other-initiated repair as what has been termed alight practice, demonstrating how it facilitates interactivity and moments of community creation online. Specifically, I analyze user comments on expert-written blogs that appear on an English-language weight loss website, showing how posters collaboratively initiate, accomplish, and show appreciation for repair activities. These activities, which are, as in face-to-face conversation, typically mitigated through various linguistic strategies, are aimed at aspects of blog text (including vocabulary and amount of information provided), as well as the choice of accompanying images. I show how various people – commenters, a person profiled in a blog, and bloggers – all may play roles in collaboratively accomplishing repair and thereby engage in the community. In addition, I suggest that repair not only facilitates participation, but also simultaneously serves as a means of highlighting shared expectations, or what have been calledcultural discourses, about expert-written blogs. In other words, in engaging in repair activities, participants create routine forms of interaction that also (re)affirm shared expectations among members of this community.
Method for predicting lignocellulose components in jute by transformed FT-NIR spectroscopic data and chemometrics
Authors: Uddin M. Nashir , Ahmed Sohan , Ray Swapan Kumer , Islam M. Saiful , Quadery Ariful Hai , Jahan M. Sarwar 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
In this investigation, a nondestructive technique has been developed for determining chemical composition of jute fiber by chemometric modeling with pretreated FT-NIR spectroscopic data. The chemical composition of jute fibers in wet chemical method were, 58 to 61.80 % α-cellulose, 13.0 to 21.90 % lignin, 9.89 to 16.8 % pentosan and 79.02 to 88.33 % holocellulose. FT-NIR spectral data from range 9000–4000 cm−1 of all jute samples were collected from the instrument. Spectral data of jute samples were pretreated with second order derivatives (SOD), standard normal variate (SNV) techniques and both together were used before calibration. Two chemometric calibration techniques: partial least square regression (PLSR) and artificial neural network (ANN) were assessed for predicting chemical compositions of Jute fibers. Result shows that prediction efficiency (

R

2

{\text{R}^{2}}

) of ANN varies from 72–99 % for calibration, validation and test datasets. However, by PLSR,

R

2

{\text{R}^{2}}

are much higher and consistent than those by earlier one. For α-cellulose, lignin, pentosan and holocellulose

R

2

{\text{R}^{2}}

values hover around 95–99 %. Thereby, a non-destructive, simple and cost effective novel method is being proposed to determine chemical compositions of jute with pretreated FT-NIR spectral data and chemometric calibration techniques.
Interaction of Lead and Nitrate on Growth Characteristics of Ornamental Judas Tree (Cercis siliquastrum L.)
Authors: Nejad Abdolhossein Rezaei , Hatamian Mansoure , Kafi Mohsen , Souri Mohammad Kazem , Shahbazi Karim 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Lead is presently a significant heavy metal pollutant that is toxic for all types of life and is of worldwide concern. Various strategies may be applied to increase tolerance of plants to heavy metals, for example nitrogenous compounds have been shown to exert such effects. In the present study combinations of lead levels (0, 15, 30 mgL-1) and nitrate levels (0, 50, 100 mgL-1) applied through irrigation water, were evaluated for interactions affecting growth of ornamental Judas tree seedlings. The treatments were arranged in a randomized factorial design with four replications. The results showed that interactions between lead and nitrate levels on growth traits were not significant; however, the simple effects of lead and nitrate were significant on most morphological traits. The morphological traits of leaf SPAD (Soil and Plant Analysis Development) value, leaf area, new shoots growth and relative water content of leaf were reduced by application of lead (particularly at 30 mgL-1). Nevertheless, application of nitrate particularly at 100 mgL-1 significantly offset the reduced plant growth traits induced by high levels of lead. The results indicate that presence of nitrate can significantly improve plant growth under high lead toxicity.
Mitigating Commitment through Negation
Authors: Quintero María Jesús Pérez 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to show that the theory of Functional Discourse Grammar constitutes a powerful model to account for the complex phenomenon of Neg-Raising in a consistent and systematic way. Previous studies on Neg-Raising, the phenomenon involving the transfer of the negative from a complement clause to the matrix clause, have traditionally characterized it in terms of syntactic and, more extensively, semantic criteria. These studies have focused on the delimitation of the type of verbs involved in this construction, since Neg-Raising is only allowed by some complement taking verbs, all related to certain kinds of modality. However, despite having been studied extensively, Neg-Raising remains an unclear phenomenon in certain respects. Taking as a point of departure the classification of Complement Clauses resulting from the application of the three parameters (Entity Type, Presupposition and Factuality) proposed within Functional Discourse Grammar, it is possible to arrive at a consistent delimitation of the constructions exhibiting Neg-Raising. Furthermore, the Morphological Level allows accounting for Neg- Raising without resorting to any kind of movement rule. It is through the operation of Morphological Encoding that the negative comes to occupy its position in the matrix clause.
Temporal Chunking Makes Life’s Events More Memorable
Authors: McGatlin Kristen C. , Newberry Kimberly M. , Bailey Heather R. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Declines in episodic memory accompany both healthy aging and age-related diseases, such as dementia. Given that memory complaints are common in the aging population, a wealth of research has evaluated the underlying mechanisms of these declines and explored strategy interventions that could offset them. In the current paper, we describe a newer approach to improving memory: event segmentation training. Event segmentation is an encoding strategy in which individuals parse continuous activity into meaningful chunks. The ability to segment activity is associated with later memory for the events, but unfortunately, this segmentation ability declines with age. Importantly, interventions designed to improve event segmentation have resulted in memory improvements for both young and older adults. We will review these past experiments as well as some new event segmentation training work that uses older adults’ semantic knowledge to improve their segmentation and episodic memory. We believe that future research on event segmentation is a promising avenue for improving older adults’ ability to remember everyday activities.