bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The year 2018 in the European Heart Journal – Cardiovascular Imaging: Part I
Authors: Edvardsen Thor , Haugaa Kristina H , Petersen Steffen E , Gimelli Alessia , Donal Erwan , Maurer Gerald , Popescu Bogdan A , Cosyns Bernard 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
The European Heart Journal – Cardiovascular Imaging has become one of the leading multimodality cardiovascular imaging journal, since it was launched in 2012. The impact factor is an impressive 8.366 and it is now established as one of the top 10 cardiovascular journals. The journal is the most important cardiovascular imaging journal in Europe. The most important studies from 2018 will be highlighted in two reports. Part I of the review will focus on studies about myocardial function and risk prediction, myocardial ischaemia, and emerging techniques in cardiovascular imaging, while Part II will focus on valvular heart disease, heart failure, cardiomyopathies, and congenital heart disease.
Retracted: The Effect of Bilingualism on Older Adults’ Inhibitory Control: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Armstrong Bonnie A , Ein Natalie , Wong Brenda I , Gallant Sara N , Li Lingqian 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Background and Objectives
The effect bilingualism has on older adults’ inhibitory control has been extensively investigated, yet there is continued controversy regarding whether older adult bilinguals show superior inhibitory control compared with monolinguals. The objective of the current meta-analysis was to examine the reliability and magnitude of the bilingualism effect on older adults’ inhibitory control as measured by the Simon and Stroop tasks. In addition, we examined whether individual characteristics moderate the bilingual advantage in inhibition, including age (young–old vs old–old), age of second language acquisition, immigrant status, language proficiency, and frequency of language use.

Research Design and Methods
A total of 22 samples for the Simon task and 14 samples for the Stroop task were derived from 28 published and unpublished articles (32 independent samples, with 4 of these samples using more than 1 task) and were analyzed in 2 separate meta-analyses.

Results
Analyses revealed a reliable effect of bilingualism on older adults’ performance on the Simon (g = 0.60) and Stroop (g = 0.27) tasks. Interestingly, individual characteristics did not moderate the association between bilingualism and older adults’ inhibitory control.

Discussion and Implications
The results suggest there is a bilingual advantage in inhibitory control for older bilinguals compared with older monolinguals, regardless of the individual characteristics previously thought to moderate this effect. Based on these findings, bilingualism may protect inhibitory control from normal cognitive decline with age.
Identifying and Managing Hearing and Vision Loss in Older People in Care Homes: A Scoping Review of the Evidence
Authors: Andrusjak Wendy , Barbosa Ana , Mountain Gail 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesPoor identification of sensory impairments in care homes can be due to multiple factors. This scoping review identifies and synthesizes the literature into the detection of hearing and vision loss in the care home environment, and the management of these sensory losses once identified.Research Design and MethodsA scoping review methodology was used to identify primary research of any design published from 1985 to September 2018. Six electronic databases were searched, and articles were also sourced from reference lists, relevant charity organizations and published experts.ResultsSix electronic databases and multiple gray literature sources identified 51 articles for inclusion. The evidence confirmed that lack of knowledge in care home staff, poor management of assistive aids, unsuitable environment, lack of connections with optometrists and audiologists, underuse of effective screening tools, and the added complexity of assisting those with dementia are all barriers to effective practice. Conversely, flexible training programs, availability of a variety of assistive aids, simple screening tools, and adaptions to the environment are effective facilitators.Discussion and ImplicationThis review acknowledges that the barriers to identification and management of hearing and vision loss in care homes are multifaceted and that collaboration of multiple stakeholders is required to implement change and improve the residents’ ear and eye care. Recommendations are offered to support more effective service provision tailored to meet the needs of people with sensory impairments living in care homes, and this could subsequently improve best practice.
‘Lessons in Humanity’
Authors: Keydar Renana 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
A narrative of progressive evolution of law and society has been dominating international legal discourse for some time now. This is evident in both practice and scholarship. This progress narrative provocatively mocked as ‘lessons in humanity’ in Quentin Tarantino’s Inglourious Basterds, has been created through a rejection of revenge as a possible individual as well as collective response to mass atrocities and human rights violations. However, through an analysis of counter terrorism measures and cultural narratives of the post 9/11 era, this article argues that international criminal law’s anti-revenge narrative proves increasingly incommensurable with contemporary zeitgeist and undermines international law’s relevance to today’s reality. The article traces the origins of the anti-revenge narrative to the Nuremberg International Military Tribunal and analyses the impact of its idea of progressive retribution on contemporary international criminal tribunals. It examines the growing divide between the progress narrative of the law and the reemergence of state revenge in response to threats of terror in the post 9/11 era, in contemporary military practices and popular culture. The article shows that while international legal narrative treats the rejection of revenge as a settled question, state practice and cultural outputs suggest a ‘return of the repressed’ and that in fact the question is far from resolved.
X-ray microtomographic characterization of highly rough titanium cold gas sprayed coating for identification of effective surfaces for osseointegration
Authors: Vilardell A M , Cinca N , Barriuso E , Frigola J , Dosta S , Cano I G , Guilemany J M 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
A highly rough titanium coating obtained by Cold Gas Spray (CGS) has been characterized by means of high-resolution 3D microtomography (micro-CT) with the aim to evaluate its open and close porosity for possible use in orthopaedic implants to promote osseointegration. Micro-CT allowed a qualitative and quantitative description of the main features, morphology of the pores and surface roughness of the coating. Several numerical values were obtained to describe size, form and distribution of the closed/inner and open/outer pores. Additionally, surface roughness and open porosity were image-analyzed to find the effective surface for osseointegration.
Para-crystalline membrane structures resembling prolamellar bodies in the invasion zones of indeterminate root nodules of Vicia faba L.
Authors: Sharmin Farhana , Atsuzawa Kimie , Jung Stephan , Schubert Sven , Kaneko Yasuko 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Novel para-crystalline structures resembling prolamellar bodies in etioplasts were found in the invasion zones of indeterminate root nodules of Vicia faba, which possess persistent meristems and exhibit sequential developmental stages. The para-crystalline structures existed in most cells in the area of the invasion zone and a hexagonal arrangement of tubular membranes was recognized. Extensive membranes, apparently procured from the structures, were often in contact with the bacteria in young infected cells. We propose that the para-crystalline structures serve as a reservoir of membranes for the formation of the numerous symbiosomes that propagate and fill the infected cells, and suggest naming them pro-symbiosome membrane bodies.
Ontological Classifications and Human Rationality in Bioethics
Authors: Romanyshyn Alexandra T 
Published: May 2019

AbstractMetaphysics often has an important role in deciding ethical questions. Specifically, in the realm of bioethics, metaphysical questions such as the nature of persons, diseases, and properties in general can be crucial to determining what is right or wrong. In this article, I tie together various metaphysical themes that recur throughout the rest of the issue: rationality as an element of human nature, ontological classifications, and kinds of action. I will explain that each has ethical implications. Actions that contravene reason will be morally problematic, whereas our classification of illnesses will have important implications for how we ought to respond to ill persons. Metaphysical questions appear, or are at least suggested, in each article, pointing to the need for metaphysics in answering bioethical questions.
Chalcone synthase is ubiquitinated and degraded via interactions with a RING-H2 protein in petals of Paeonia ‘He Xie’
Authors: Gu Zhaoyu , Men Siqi , Zhu Jin , Hao Qing , Tong Ningning , Liu Zheng-An , Zhang Hechen , Shu Qingyan , Wang Liangsheng 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Flavonoids are secondary metabolites widely distributed among angiosperms, where they play diverse roles in plant growth, development, and evolution. The regulation of flavonoid biosynthesis in plants has been extensively studied at the transcriptional level, but post-transcriptional, translational, and post-translational control of flavonoid biosynthesis remain poorly understood. In this study, we analysed post-translational regulation of flavonoid biosynthesis in the ornamental plant Paeonia, using proteome and ubiquitylome profiling, in conjunction with transcriptome data. Three enzymes involved in flavonoid biosynthesis were identified as being putative targets of ubiquitin-mediated degradation. Among these, chalcone synthase (PhCHS) was shown to have the greatest number of ubiquitination sites. We examined PhCHS abundance in petals using PhCHS-specific antibody and found that its accumulation decreased at later developmental stages, resulting from 26S proteasome-mediated degradation. We further identified a ring domain-containing protein (PhRING-H2) that physically interacts with PhCHS and demonstrated that PhRING-H2 is required for PhCHS ubiquitination. Taken together, our results suggest that PhRING-H2-mediates PhCHS ubiquitination and degradation is an important mechanism of post-translational regulation of flavonoid biosynthesis in Paeonia, providing a theoretical basis for the manipulation of flavonoid biosynthesis in plants.
Highly efficient editing of the β-globin gene in patient-derived hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells to treat sickle cell disease
Authors: Park So Hyun , Lee Ciaran M , Dever Daniel P , Davis Timothy H , Camarena Joab , Srifa Waracharee , Zhang Yankai , Paikari Alireza , Chang Alicia K , Porteus Matthew H , Sheehan Vivien A , Bao Gang 
Published: May 2019

AbstractSickle cell disease (SCD) is a monogenic disorder that affects millions worldwide. Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is the only available cure. Here, we demonstrate the use of CRISPR/Cas9 and a short single-stranded oligonucleotide template to correct the sickle mutation in the β-globin gene in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) from peripheral blood or bone marrow of patients with SCD, with 24.5 ± 7.6% efficiency without selection. Erythrocytes derived from gene-edited cells showed a marked reduction of sickle cells, with the level of normal hemoglobin (HbA) increased to 25.3 ± 13.9%. Gene-corrected SCD HSPCs retained the ability to engraft when transplanted into non-obese diabetic (NOD)-SCID-gamma (NSG) mice with detectable levels of gene correction 16–19 weeks post-transplantation. We show that, by using a high-fidelity SpyCas9 that maintained the same level of on-target gene modification, the off-target effects including chromosomal rearrangements were significantly reduced. Taken together, our results demonstrate efficient gene correction of the sickle mutation in both peripheral blood and bone marrow-derived SCD HSPCs, a significant reduction in sickling of red blood cells, engraftment of gene-edited SCD HSPCs in vivo and the importance of reducing off-target effects; all are essential for moving genome editing based SCD treatment into clinical practice.
Frameless Stereotactic Radiosurgery on the Gamma Knife Icon: Early Experience From 100 Patients
Authors: Vulpe Horia , Save Akshay V , Xu Yuanguang , Elliston Carl D , Garrett Matthew D , Wu Cheng-Chia , Cheng Simon K , Jani Ashish H , Bruce Jeffrey N , McKhann Guy M , Wang Tony J C , Sisti Michael B 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

BACKGROUND
The Gamma Knife (GK) Icon (Elekta AB) uses a cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scanner and an infrared camera system to support the delivery of frameless stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS). There are limited data on patients treated with frameless GK radiosurgery (GKRS).

OBJECTIVE
To describe the early experience, process, technical details, and short-term outcomes with frameless GKRS at our institution.

METHODS
We reviewed our patient selection and described the workflow in detail, including image acquisition, treatment planning, mask-based immobilization, stereotactic CBCT localization, registration, treatment, and intrafraction monitoring. Because of the short interval of follow-up, we provide crude rates of local control.

RESULTS
Data from 100 patients are reported. Median age is 67 yr old. 56 patients were treated definitively, 21 postoperatively, and 23 had salvage GKRS for recurrence after surgery. Forty-two patients had brain metastases, 26 meningiomas, 16 vestibular schwannomas, 9 high-grade gliomas, and 7 other histologies. Median doses to metastases were 20 Gy in 1 fraction (range: 14-21), 24 Gy in 3 fractions (range: 19.5-27), and 25 Gy in 5 fractions (range: 25-30 Gy). Thirteen patients underwent repeat SRS to the same area. Median treatment time was 17.7 min (range: 5.8-61.7). We found an improvement in our workflow and a greater number of patients eligible for GKRS because of the ability to fractionate treatments.

CONCLUSION
We report a large cohort of consecutive patients treated with frameless GKRS. We look forward to studies with longer follow-up to provide valuable data on clinical outcomes and to further our understanding of the radiobiology of hypofractionation in the brain.
Misuse of Police Information Systems: Predicting Perceived Likelihood of Misuse among Unsworn Police Employees
Authors: Rajakaruna Nikki , Henry Pamela J , Scott Adrian J 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Police information systems (ISs) contain highly sensitive data. Misuse of these systems poses a significant risk to agency integrity and personal privacy. In order to prevent this form of misconduct, police agencies must implement strategies that address factors associated with employee misuse. The aim of this research was to determine factors associated with the perceived likelihood of engaging in IS misuse among a sample of employees from an Australian police agency. Two hundred and eighty-seven unsworn police staff completed an online survey that investigated a number of factors, shown in previous research, to be relevant to IS misuse. Findings demonstrated that access to the IS, perceived appropriateness of and concern regarding IS misuse, and perceived certainty of punishment were relevant in explaining the perceived likelihood of IS misuse. Implications are discussed in relation to the focus of agency prevention strategies and the need for future research in the area.
An Educational Tool for Promoting Transitional Health Care Planning by Nurses From the Hospital to the Community
Authors: Jones Sharon Caldwell , Waynick-Rogers Pamela 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Although nurses are an invaluable component of successful health care transition, a large gap exists on methods to educate future health care professionals regarding roles and necessary transition components. The Transitional Nursing History tool introduces prelicensure students to transitional health care planning needs and the essential roles of nurses. The Transitional Nursing History tool provides experiential student learning, promotes understanding of determinants of health influences on transitional planning needs, and encourages active student engagement. Students report increased recognition of the value of transitional health care planning and actively apply the concepts in other clinical settings.
Facilitating the Academic Success of International PhD Students
Authors: Schneider Joanne Kraenzle , Bender Catherine M. , Madigan Elizabeth A. , Nolan Marie T. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractAIMThis article discusses the challenges of international PhD nursing students and recommends strategies to support them.BACKGROUNDApproximately 10 percent of the students enrolled in research-focused nursing doctoral programs in the United States are non-US residents, challenging schools of nursing to examine ways to support these students.METHODWe searched five electronic databases using international student* AND doctoral OR graduate as search terms; we integrated the authors’ experiences.RESULTSFaculty and peer support can promote a smooth transition into the United States. Participating on research teams or school committees promotes academic socialization. Dissertation work has multiple unique challenges, including international relevance of topics, translation, funding, and location of the research.CONCLUSIONFaculty advisers and universities can facilitate student adjustment. Once international students become familiar with the academic requirements and culture, they have the capacity to contribute rich, diverse perspectives that greatly enhance the quality of PhD education.
Teaching Concepts to Nursing Students Using Model Case Studies, the Venn Diagram, and Questioning Strategies
Authors: Vacek Jenny , Liesveld Judy 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Teaching nursing students to use clinical judgment is integral to successful student outcomes. Conceptual learning is at the forefront of nursing education to help students transfer didactic learning to clinical settings where clinical judgment is practiced. This article proposes the use of three interactive teaching/learning methods — model case studies, the Venn diagram, and questioning strategies — as methods to help nursing students think conceptually, that is, to think like a nurse. The concept of gas exchange is presented as an example of how these teaching/learning methods can be used; these methods are applicable to any nursing concept.
Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Risk: Interaction Between Parental Age and Maternal History of Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Authors: Wang Xinhui , Martinez Mayra P. , Chow Ting , Walthall Johanna C. , Guber Kevin M. , Xiang Anny H. 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACT:

Objective:
To assess the interaction between maternal attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) history and young parental age on child's ADHD risk.

Methods:
The study included 321,272 singleton children born between 1995 and 2012 from hospitals within a single integrated health care organization. The children were prospectively followed up through electronic medical record systems from birth until the first date of the following: date of clinical diagnosis of ADHD, last date of continuous health plan membership, death due to any cause, or December 31, 2017. Risks of ADHD associated with a maternal history of ADHD before pregnancy and young parental age were assessed by using Cox regression adjusting for potential confounders.

Results:
The children were followed up for a median (interquartile range) of 8.9 (6.2, 13.6) years from birth. Among them, 5.1% had ADHD diagnosis, 1.8% had a maternal history of ADHD before the pregnancy, and 4.4% had mothers <20 years and 2.3% had fathers <20 years at date of birth. The hazard ratio (HR) of ADHD in children associated with parental age <20 years varied by maternal history of ADHD (p < 0.005 for both multiplicative and additive interactions). For children without a maternal history of ADHD, the HR associated with at least 1 parent <20 years was 1.14 (95% confidence interval 1.04–1.24). However, for children with a maternal history of ADHD, the HR associated with at least 1 parent <20 years was 1.92 (95% confidence interval 1.31–2.82).

Conclusion:
High ADHD risk in offspring associated with young parenthood was predominantly observed among children with a maternal history of ADHD.
Stimulation and Early Child Development in China: Caregiving at Arm's Length
Authors: Yue Ai , Shi Yaojiang , Luo Renfu , Wang Boya , Weber Ann , Medina Alexis , Kotb Sarah , Rozelle Scott 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACT:

Objective:
To provide an empirical overview of the parenting landscape in rural China, focusing on 18- to 30-month-old children and their caregivers in rural Shaanxi province.

Methods:
We collected unique data on 1442 caregiver-toddler dyads in rural areas of Shaanxi province and examined caregiver attitudes toward parenting, sources of information about parenting, and interactive parenting practices, and how each of these differed across generations. We measured how parenting attitudes and sources of information informed parenting practices. Finally, we measured levels of child development in our sample and the association between parenting practices and children's developmental outcomes.

Results:
Most of the caregivers did not engage with children in a way that encouraged early development. Caregivers rarely told stories, sang, or used toys to play with their children. Grandmothers were more stressed by the children in their care and engaged significantly less than mothers did in the 3 stimulating interactions. Professional sources of information about parenting were underutilized by all caregivers. We found high rates of developmental delay in our sample and showed that these delays were associated with the lack of caregiver engagement.

Conclusion:
Our findings suggest that the major economic and social shifts occurring in rural China have not led to a widespread prevalence of stimulative parenting practices. Although caregivers report positive attitudes toward child-rearing, reliable sources of scientific information are lacking. Our results show a troubling generational disconnect between the information-seeking behaviors and parenting practices of rural caregivers.