bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characteristics of phytoplankton community and water net primary productivity response to the nutrient status of the Poyang Lake and Gan River, China
Authors: Jia Junjie , Gao Yang , Song Xianwei , Chen Shibo 
Published: July 2019

AbstractPhytoplankton community characteristics and associative primary productivity, which reflect the ecological and nutritional status of water, are sensitive to environmental change. Particularly, nutrient inputs have a significant effect on phytoplankton growth and development as well as the biogeochemical cycle of watersheds. We investigated the phytoplankton community and nutrient status downstream from the Gan River into Poyang Lake. On a catchment scale, the phytoplankton communities and associative primary productivity from these two water bodies differed. The Poyang Lake phytoplankton community is composed of seven phyla of algae, whereas the Gan River is composed of six, the dominant phyla of phytoplankton being Bacillariophyta and Cryptophyta in Poyang Lake and Gan River, respectively. Phytoplankton abundance and primary productivity were significantly higher in Poyang Lake. Lower nitrogen (N) and phosphorous (P) concentrations and higher carbon (C) and silicon (Si) concentrations significantly affected the phytoplankton communities and primary productivity distribution in the entire Poyang Lake Basin. In this regard, we found a significant correlation between the phytoplankton community of the Gan River and P and N, whereas N and Si primarily regulated the phytoplankton community structure of Poyang Lake. Moreover, we found a significant correlation between DTN, Si/P, DIC/P, and primary productivity in the Gan River, whereas NH4+ jointly controlled primary productivity in Poyang Lake. Furthermore, the Margalef Richness Index (0.84–2.41) can be indicative of the environmental water quality status; and we determined that the most area of Poyang Lake and Gan River both were P restriction and moderately polluted, whereas the entrance of the Gan River into Poyang Lake was seriously polluted, which confirms that the Gan River is a main and crucial source of Poyang Lake pollution. Nanjishan Nature Reserve was already slightly eutrophic due to the high nutrient content and a large number of algae in the south‐east of Poyang Lake, but the Gan River had good river fluidity, so some areas of the Gan River were oligotrophic.
Using environmental DNA sampling to monitor the invasion of nonnative Esox lucius (northern pike) in the Columbia River basin, USA
Authors: Carim Kellie J. , Caleb Dysthe Joseph , McLellan Holly , Young Michael K. , McKelvey Kevin S. , Schwartz Michael K. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAquatic invasive species are recognized as a global threat to conservation of native species and a cost to society. To develop effective suppression and monitoring programs for invasive species, fisheries managers require accurate, affordable, and efficient tools for invasive species detection. In the U.S. Pacific Northwest, the rapid expansion of invasive Esox lucius (northern pike) poses threats to native species as well as the viability of tribal, sport, and commercial fisheries. To help monitor changes in the distribution of this species, we developed and rigorously field‐tested an environmental DNA (eDNA) assay to detect E. lucius. The assay successfully amplified tissue‐derived DNA of E. lucius from 36 locations east and west of the Continental Divide and did not amplify DNA of over 40 nontarget species. This assay was then used to assist with monitoring the distribution of invasive E. lucius in the upper Columbia River basin in Washington and Idaho. Sixty‐two eDNA samples were collected at 35 locations of known and unknown E. lucius presence. Two samples per site (one on each bank) were collected in larger waterbodies. E. lucius eDNA detections were consistent with previous observations of live fish during angler and gill‐net surveys, confirming the reliability of the eDNA assay. At two of the 35 sites, only one of the paired samples was positive for E. lucius DNA. Varying results between opposite bank samples highlight the need for increased sampling effort when the target species are at low abundance and in large waterbodies. The eDNA assay described in this paper can be used by managers to identify the presence of E. lucius, monitor their expansion in western North America, and guide E. lucius suppression projects.
Volatile organic compounds of Hanseniaspora uvarum increase strawberry fruit flavor and defense during cold storage
Authors: Wang Luyao , Dou Guoxia , Guo Hongna , Zhang Qiuqing , Qin Xiaojie , Yu Wei , Jiang Chunhao , Xiao Hongmei 
Published: July 2019

AbstractVolatile organic compounds (VOCs) of antagonistic yeasts are considered as environmental safe fumigants to promote the resistance and quality of strawberry (Fragaria ananassa). By GC‐MS assays, VOCs of Hanseniaspora uvarum (H. uvarum) fumigated strawberry fruit showed increased contents of methyl caproate (5.8%), methyl octanoate (5.1%), and methyl caprylate (10.9%) in postharvest cold storage. Possible mechanisms of H. uvarum VOCs involved in regulations of the defense‐related enzymes and substances in strawberry were investigated during postharvest storage in low temperature and high humidity (2 ± 1°C, RH 90%–95%). Defense‐related enzymes assays indicated H. uvarum VOCs stimulated the accumulation of CAT, SOD, POD, APX, PPO, and PAL and inhibited biosynthesis of MDA in strawberry fruit under storage condition. Moreover, the expression levels of related key enzyme genes, such as CAT, SOD, APX42, PPO, and PAL6, were consistently increased in strawberry fruit after H. uvarum VOCs fumigation.
Receptiveness to smoking cessation training among community service organisation staff
Authors: Parnell Ashleigh , Box Emily , Chapman Lorena , Bonevski Billie , Anwar‐McHenry Julia , Pettigrew Simone 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIssue addressedSmoking rates among people experiencing disadvantage are significantly higher than for the general population. Community service organisations (CSOs) have been suggested as appropriate settings to address tobacco use among this subgroup. This study aimed to (a) assess CSO staff members’ interest in receiving smoking cessation training, (b) explore the factors associated with interest and (c) identify preferred cessation support information formats.MethodsAn online survey was administered to CSO staff across Australia. Respondents were asked about the main groups targeted by their service, their role in the organisation and their interest in receiving smoking cessation training. Logistic regression analyses were used to identify factors associated with receptiveness to smoking cessation training.ResultsOf the 242 CSO staff members responding to the survey, 53% were interested in receiving training. Having more frequent contact with clients and working at an organisation supporting people with a mental illness were positively associated with being interested in undertaking training. Online resources were identified as a preferred form of information relating to cessation support provision.ConclusionsCSO staff who have frequent contact with clients may be receptive to training that would enable them to provide smoking cessation support to people experiencing disadvantage.So what?CSOs represent an important setting for smoking cessation interventions given their existing relationship with people who have high smoking rates and the apparent receptiveness of CSO staff to participate in such initiatives.
Numerical modelling to evaluate the nitrogen removal rate in hyporheic zone and its implications for stream management
Authors: Liu Suning , Chui Ting Fong May 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe hyporheic zone (HZ) plays a vital role in the stream ecosystem. Reactions in the HZ such as denitrification and nitrification have been examined in previous studies. However, no numerical model has yet been developed that can accurately simulate nitrogen concentration changes in the HZ, because the zones for the two reactions can change throughout the reactions. This study proposes a method of evaluating the nitrogen removal rate in the HZ through numerical modelling. First, a basic two‐dimensional numerical model coupling flow conditions with biochemical reactions is proposed to consider both nitrification and denitrification. The zones for different reactions are determined under the assumption that related environmental variables (i.e., the dissolved oxygen) will not change throughout the reactions. Next, to examine changes in environmental variables throughout the reactions, an improved model is proposed, and a method is developed for delineating the boundary between nitrification and denitrification zones and identifying a transition zone where either reaction might take place. However, more information about biochemical reactions in the HZ is required to use the improved model. To overcome this shortcoming, a new model that couples the basic model and genetic programming (GP) is proposed to optimize the simulation results of the basic model and allow for real‐time forecasting. The results show that the basic model obtains acceptable simulation results for nitrate concentration distribution in the HZ. The improved model performs better than the basic model, but the model coupling the basic model with GP performs best. In addition, the function of the HZ in nitrogen removal is examined through a case study of four scenarios, leading to the conclusion that the HZ has a higher nitrogen removal rate when water quality is neither too poor nor too good. Overall, this study enhances our understanding of the HZ and can benefit the restoration and management of HZs and streams in the face of the continual degradation caused by human activity.
Nearly magic rectangles
Authors: Chai Feng‐Shun , Singh Rakhi , Stufken John 
Published: July 2019

AbstractMagic squares have been extremely useful and popular in combinatorics and statistics. One generalization of magic squares is magic rectangles which are useful for designing experiments in statistics. A necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of magic rectangles restricts the number of rows and columns to be either both odd or both even. In this paper, we generalize magic rectangles to even by odd nearly magic rectangles. We also prove necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of a nearly magic rectangle, and construct one for each parameter set for which they exist.
What Do the AMCD Multicultural and Social Justice Counseling Competencies Mean in the Context of Black Lives Matter?
Authors: Washington Ahmad R. , Henfield Malik S. 
Published: July 2019

In this article, the authors discuss how the legacy of hypersurveillance and egregious anti‐Black vigilante violence and police brutality helped foment the Black Lives Matter movement. The authors consider how the Multicultural and Social Justice Counseling Competencies (Ratts, Singh, Nassar‐McMillan, Butler, & McCullough, 2015) can operate as an ethical professional framework counselor educators can use with counselors‐in‐training to increase their awareness, knowledge, and skills in relation to the state‐sanctioned violence Black people routinely experience.En este artículo, los autores discuten cómo el legado de hipervigilancia y la violencia brutal ejercida contra personas negras por parte de la policía y patrullas urbanas ayudaron a fomentar el movimiento Black Lives Matter. Los autores consideran cómo las Competencias en Consejería Multicultural y Justicia Social (Singh, Nassar‐McMillan, Butler & McCullough, 2015) pueden funcionar como un marco ético profesional que los educadores de consejeros pueden usar con sus consejeros en formación para aumentar su conciencia, conocimientos, y habilidades en relación con la violencia autorizada por el Estado que sufren con frecuencia las personas negras.
“Get Off My Property”: A Personal Narrative Addressing Violence Against African Americans by Law Enforcement Post–Hurricane Katrina
Authors: Whittaker Tyra Turner 
Published: July 2019

Thousands of African American New Orleanians were displaced in the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina. It appeared that every African American suddenly became a suspect, “fair game” to be hunted, especially by the police. This autoethnography chronicles the author's personal background, experiences, and resulting emotions of her father's encounter with law enforcement post–Hurricane Katrina. Law enforcement–initiated interventions are explored. The article concludes with recommendations for members of the counseling profession and law enforcement.Miles de personas afroamericanas de Nueva Orleans perdieron sus hogares como consecuencia del huracán Katrina. Y de repente, cada persona afroamericana pareció convertirse en sospechosa, “presa legítima” para la caza, especialmente por parte de la policía. Esta autoetnografía documenta los orígenes personales y experiencias de la autora, así como las emociones resultantes de la interacción de su padre con las fuerzas policiales tras el huracán Katrina. Se exploran las intervenciones iniciadas por las fuerzas policiales. El artículo concluye con una serie de recomendaciones para los profesionales de la consejería y las fuerzas policiales.
An Exploration of Black Teens' Experiences of Their Own Racial Identity Through Photovoice: Implications for Counselors
Authors: Sackett Corrine R. , Dogan Jardin N. 
Published: July 2019

Multiculturally competent counselors and researchers are called to understand individuals’ worldviews and experiences (Ratts, Singh, Nassar‐McMillan, Butler, & McCullough, 2016). Therefore, in this study, the authors explored Black teens’ experiences of their own racial identity using a qualitative participatory action research method called photovoice. Eight participants ranging in age from 14 to 17 took part in this study. Three themes emerged from the data: places you don't belong, comfort places, and strengths/concerns. The authors address implications for counselors.Consejeros e investigadores multiculturalmente competentes están llamados a entender los cosmovisiónes y experiencias de los individuos (Ratts, Singh, Nassar‐McMillan, Butler, & McCullough, 2016). Por lo tanto, en este estudio, los autores exploraron las experiencias de adolescentes negros sobre su propia identidad racial, usando un método cualitativo de investigación‐acción participativa llamado fotovoz. Ocho participantes de edades comprendidas entre los 14 y 17 años tomaron parte en este estudio. De los datos obtenidos surgieron tres temas: lugares a los que no perteneces, lugares de comodidad y fortalezas/preocupaciones. Los autores abordan las implicaciones para consejeros.
An interpersonal perspective of perceived stress: Examining the prosocial coping response patterns of stressed managers
Authors: McCarthy Julie M. , Erdogan Berrin , Bauer Talya N. 
Published: July 2019

SummaryWe adopt an interpersonal perspective and examine the adaptive effects of managers' perceived stress on their behavior towards subordinates. Drawing from the transactional model of stress (Lazarus & Folkman, 1984), we advance a model that highlights the propensity for stressed managers to engage in prosocial coping behaviors towards their employees, which in turn are related to lower levels of turnover and higher levels of job performance. We tested our predictions in a sample of 281 employees and their 53 managers working in a clothing retailer in Turkey. Consistent with predictions, we found positive effects of managers' perceived stress on their prosocial coping behaviors and employee outcomes. Managers' perceived stress was positively related to sharing credit with employees for managers who held positive implicit prototypes about employees. Results also indicated that managers' perceived stress was positively related to sharing knowledge with their subordinates regardless of implicit follower prototypes. Both sharing credit and sharing knowledge, in turn, were related to turnover intentions and actual turnover, and sharing credit was related to job performance. This study extends past work by adopting an interpersonal perspective of stress and demonstrating that managerial stress can have positive effects on employee outcomes via prosocial coping behaviors.
Measuring Tactical Innovation in Terrorist Attacks
Authors: Logan Michael K. , Ligon Gina S. , Derrick Douglas C. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractTerrorism provides a unique context for examining innovation, as the generation of novel, effective, and complex ideas are essential for survival in destructive and malevolent groups. Despite this, innovation remains an underdeveloped concept in terrorism research, at least from the creativity scholars. One reason for this is the limited empirical data about this phenomenon, making it unclear which tenets of creativity research hold versus which do not translate in the domain of terrorism. This two‐part study explores this rich domain by examining the dimensions of innovation in a robust sample of terrorist attacks. Findings indicated that three dimensions of innovation (i.e., novelty, relevance, and elegance) emerged from the attack data and that these dimensions were related to different attack characteristics. This article expands our understanding of terrorist innovation by drawing from established theory and methods from creativity research and highlights their manifestations in this understudied domain.
Performance of Channel Catfish and Hybrid Catfish in Single-Batch, Intensively Aerated Ponds
Authors: Kumar Ganesh , Li Menghe H , Wise David J , Mischke Charles C , Rutland Billy , Tiwari Ambika , Aarattuthodiyil Suja , Griffin Matt J , Khoo Lester H , Ott Brian , Torrans Les , Tucker Craig S 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
A pond production trial was conducted to evaluate the economics of raising Channel Catfish Ictalurus punctatus in intensively aerated ponds operated under the single-batch cropping system. Channel Catfish fingerlings averaging 0.09 lb were stocked at 6,000, 8,000, 10,000, and 12,000 fish/acre with six replicate ponds (1 acre) per treatment. A treatment of hybrid catfish (♀ Channel Catfish × ♂ Blue Catfish I. furcatus) fingerlings stocked into five replicate ponds at 12,000 fish/acre was concurrently evaluated to compare the economic performance of hybrids and that of Channel Catfish. All ponds were provided with a fixed-paddlewheel aerator (10 hp/acre) and were fed once daily to apparent satiation for 206 d. For Channel Catfish, the gross yield ranged from 6,562 to 9,039 lb/acre, showing nominally linear trends of increasing yield with stocking density. However, the same trend was not seen in the relationship between costs and stocking density: the highest breakeven price (US$1.07/lb) was associated with the lowest density treatment (6,000 fish/acre), and the least cost ($0.96/lb) was associated with the intermediate density of 8,000 fish/acre. Average annual net cash flows from all Channel Catfish treatments were insufficient to make the investment in intensive aeration profitable in the long run (10 years). The hybrid catfish treatment (12,000 fish/acre) outperformed all Channel Catfish treatments in terms of yield (17,542 lb/acre), which offset some of the fixed costs associated with intensively aerated ponds and resulted in a lower cost of production ($0.85/lb) and better long-term returns (17%). This study indicated that Channel Catfish do not perform well—either biologically or economically—at densities greater than 8,000 fish/acre in single-batch, intensively aerated ponds. The study reflects current industry trends, where integrated farms (farms with their own processing plants) with yield-maximizing business objectives prefer raising hybrid catfish in single-batch systems, while nonintegrated farms prefer raising Channel Catfish in multiple-batch systems.
Urethral diverticula in women are associated with increased urethra‐sphincter complex volumes: A potential role for high‐tone nonrelaxing sphincter in their etiology?
Authors: Mukhtar Bashir M. B. , Solomon Eskinder , Naaseri Sahar , Aughwane Paul , Pakzad Mahreen , Hamid Rizwan , Ockrim Jeremy L. , Greenwell Tamsin J. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAimsFunctional obstruction secondary to a high‐tone nonrelaxing sphincter (HTNRS) may lead to the formation of a proximal‐to‐mid‐urethral diverticulum (pmUD) in patients without a history of anatomical obstruction, vaginal delivery, vaginal and/or urethral surgery, or periurethral gland infection, that is, a functional pmUD (fpmUD). We used measurements of the urethra‐sphincter complex volume (USCv) as a proxy for the maximal urethral closure pressure to evaluate this potential etiological factor.MethodsWe compared 17 consecutive women with fpmUD (mean age ± SD of 49.4 ± 13.2 years) with a control group consisting of 24 age‐matched women (mean age: 50.8 ± 11.2 years) with no previous urological symptoms having MRI for posthysterectomy vesicovaginal fistula, and in all 71 women (mean age: 48.1 ± 11.6 years) with classical urethral diverticulum (cpmUD) referred in the same time period. The urethra‐sphincter complex was measured using T2‐weighted MRI and OsiriX© was then used to determine the USCv.ResultsThe mean USCv of the fpmUD group was 10.01 ± 6.97 cm3. The mean USCv of the cpmUD was 5.19 ± 1.19 cm
3 and for the control group was 3.92 ± 1.60 cm
3. There was a high statistically significant (P = .01) difference between the USCv in the fpmUD group and the USCv of both the cpmUD and the control groups.ConclusionsWomen with fpmUD demonstrated USCv that were significantly higher than those in women with cpmUD and the control group. These findings suggest that high pressure in the proximal urethra during voiding secondary to a HTNRS may contribute to the formation of urethral diverticula.
Prenatal diagnosis of methylmalonic aciduria from amniotic fluid using genetic and biochemical approaches
Authors: Ji Xing , Wang Huanhuan , Ye Jun , Qiu Wenjuan , Zhang Huiwen , Liang Lili , Xiao Bing , Dai Mengyao , Xu Yan , Chen Ting , Xu Feng , Chen Yingwei , Ye Weiping , Gu Xuefan , Wang Lei , Han Lianshu 
Published: July 2019

AbstractObjectivesThis study reported the clinical prenatal diagnosis experience of families affected by methylmalonic acidemia (MMA) evaluated at a single prenatal diagnosis center over 8 years, and the reliability of a biochemical approach for prenatal diagnosis was analyzed.MethodsPrenatal diagnosis data for 187 MMA families referred to our center from 2009 to 2016 were reviewed retrospectively. The results of the genetic analysis and biochemical approach were compared.ResultsA total of 41 MMA‐affected pregnancies (21%) were identified. The biochemical analysis could identify the true status of 99.5% of fetuses. The diagnostic sensitivities of the propionylcarnitine (C3) level, the C3 to acetylcarnitine (C2) ratio (C3/C2), the methylmalonic acid, and methylcitrate levels in the amniotic fluid were 95.1%, 100%, 100%, and 82.9%, respectively, and the specificities were 98.7%, 99.3%, 97.4%, and 96.7%, respectively.ConclusionsThe biochemical analysis could be optionally used in the prenatal diagnosis of MMA, especially in cases where the genetic results are inconclusive. Among the four tested biochemical markers, C3/C2 appeared to be the most reliable.