bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Malonylation of histone H2A at lysine 119 inhibits Bub1-dependent H2A phosphorylation and chromosomal localization of shugoshin proteins
Authors: Ishiguro Tadashi , Tanabe Kana , Kobayashi Yuki , Mizumoto Shinsuke , Kanai Motomu , Kawashima Shigehiro A. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractPost-translational modifications of histones, such as acetylation and phosphorylation, are highly conserved in eukaryotes and their combination enables precise regulation of many cellular functions. Recent studies using mass spectrometry have revealed various non-acetyl acylations in histones, including malonylation and succinylation, which change the positive charge of lysine into a negative one. However, the molecular function of histone malonylation or succinylation is poorly understood. Here, we discovered the functions of malonylation in histone H2A at lysine 119 (H2A-K119) in chromosome segregation during mitosis and meiosis. Analyses of H2A-K119 mutants in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Schizosaccharomyces pombe showed that anionic mutations, specifically to aspartate (K119D) and glutamate (K119E), showed mis-segregation of the chromosomes and sensitivity to microtubule-destabilizing reagents in mitosis and meiosis. We found that the chromosomal localization of shugoshin proteins, which depends on Bub1-catalyzed phosphorylation of H2A at serine 121 (H2A-S121), was significantly reduced in the H2A-K119D and the H2A-K119E mutants. Biochemical analyses using K119-unmodified or -malonylated H2A-C-tail peptides showed that H2A-K119 malonylation inhibited the interaction between Bub1 and H2A, leading to a decrease in Bub1-dependent H2A-S121 phosphorylation. Our results indicate a novel crosstalk between lysine malonylation and serine/threonine phosphorylation, which may be important for fine-tuning chromatin functions such as chromosome segregation.
BlsA integrates light and temperature signals into iron metabolism through Fur in the human pathogen Acinetobacter baumannii
Authors: Tuttobene Marisel R. , Cribb Pamela , Mussi María Alejandra 
Published: May 2018

AbstractLight modulates global features of the important human pathogen Acinetobacter baumannii lifestyle including metabolism, tolerance to antibiotics and virulence, most of which depend on the short BLUF-type photoreceptor BlsA. In this work, we show that the ability to circumvent iron deficiency is also modulated by light at moderate temperatures, and disclose the mechanism of signal transduction by showing that BlsA antagonizes the functioning of the ferric uptake regulator (Fur) in a temperature-dependent manner. In fact, we show that BlsA interacts with Fur in the dark at 23 °C, while the interaction is significantly weakened under blue light. Moreover, under iron deprived conditions, expression of Fur-regulated Acinetobactin siderophore genes is only induced in the dark in a BlsA-dependent manner. Finally, growth under iron deficiency is supported in the dark rather than under blue light at moderate temperatures through BlsA. The data is consistent with a model in which BlsA might sequester the repressor from the corresponding operator-promoters, allowing Acinetobactin gene expression. The photoregulation of iron metabolism is lost at higher temperatures such as 30 °C, consistent with fading of the BlsA-Fur interaction at this condition. Overall, we provide new understanding on the functioning of the widespread Fur regulator as well as short-BLUFs.
Macrophage Cytokines Enhance Cell Proliferation of Normal Prostate Epithelial Cells through Activation of ERK and Akt
Authors: Dang Tu , Liou Geou-Yarh 
Published: May 2018

AbstractMacrophage infiltrations (inflammation) are associated with prostate disorders such as prostatitis, prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer. All prostate disorders have elevated cell proliferation, and are initiated from normal prostate epithelial cells. To date, the mechanism of how macrophages regulate normal prostate epithelial cell proliferation remains largely unknown. Using a 3D co-culture system, we here show that Raw 264.7 macrophages increased cell proliferation of normal prostate epithelial PZ-HPV-7 cells. In addition, these Raw 264.7 macrophages expressed higher levels of Ym1 and CD206. We further identify macrophage-secreted cytokines including CCL3, IL-1ra, osteopontin, M-CSF1 and GDNF as mediators for potentiating PZ-HPV-7 cell proliferation in 3D. All these cytokines differentially activated ERK and Akt. Blockade of both kinases through their inhibitors hindered macrophage-induced cell proliferation of PZ-HPV-7 cells. Hence, our data provide mechanistic insight of how inflammation may contribute to development of prostatic diseases at a very early stage through augment of cell proliferation of normal prostate epithelial cells.
Passive temperature control based on a phase change metasurface
Authors: Wu Sheng-Rui , Lai Kuan-Lin , Wang Chih-Ming 
Published: May 2018

AbstractIn this paper, a tunable mid-infrared metasurface based on VO2 phase change material is proposed for temperature control. The proposed structure consisting of a VO2/SiO2/VO2 cavity supports a thermally switchable Fabry-Perot-like resonance mode at the transparency window of the atmosphere. Theoretically, the radiative cooling power density of the proposed metasurface can be switched to four-fold as the device temperature is below/above the phase change temperature of VO2. Besides radiative cooling, a passive temperature control application based on this huge cooling power switching ability is theoretically demonstrated. We believe the proposed device can be applied for small radiative cooling and temperature control applications.
A randomized, controlled pilot trial of the Emotional Faces Memory Task: a digital therapeutic for depression
Authors: Iacoviello Brian M. , Murrough James W. , Hoch Megan M. , Huryk Kathryn M. , Collins Katherine A. , Cutter Gary R. , Iosifescu Dan V. , Charney Dennis S. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThere is an urgent need for more effective treatments for major depressive disorder (MDD). Digital therapeutics, such as computerized cognitive–emotional training interventions, represent a promising new strategy for treating MDD. Here we report a replication of efficacy of a digital cognitive–emotional training intervention designed to enhance cognitive control for emotional information-processing. In a randomized, double-blind, controlled study design, 51 participants with MDD in a current major depressive episode were randomly assigned to participate in a digital cognitive–emotional training regimen (Emotional Faces Memory Task (EFMT); n = 28) involving 18 sessions over 6 weeks, or an active control condition (CT; n = 23) involving computerized working memory training. MDD symptoms were assessed weekly using a clinician-rated measure (Hamilton Depression Rating Scale; Ham-D); and neurocognition (working memory), at baseline and study outcome. Mixed-effects model for repeated measures (MMRM) analysis of all participants randomized revealed a significantly greater reduction in MDD symptom severity (Ham-D) from baseline to outcome in the EFMT group (8.65 points) compared to the CT group (4.77 points) (F(6,205) = 3.23, p = .005, d = 0.46). Ten of 28 EFMT participants achieved clinical response (≥50% reduction in symptoms) compared to 4 of 23 in CT. Both groups exhibited similar, small improvements in working memory. This replicated the preliminary efficacy of a digital cognitive–emotional training approach for the treatment of MDD. EFMT may be a feasible and effective intervention strategy for MDD, but future studies to elucidate its mechanism of action are warranted. This study is registered with Clinicaltrials.gov (NCT: 01934491).
RecA-like domain 2 of DNA-dependent ATPase A domain, a SWI2/SNF2 protein, mediates conformational integrity and ATP hydrolysis
Authors: Bansal Ritu , Arya Vijendra , Sethy Ramesh , Rakesh Radhakrishnan , Muthuswami Rohini 
Published: May 2018

ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling proteins use the energy released from ATP hydrolysis to reposition nucleosomes in DNA-dependent processes. These proteins are classified as SF2 helicases. SMARCAL1, a member of this protein family, is known to modulate both DNA repair and transcription by specifically recognizing DNA molecules possessing double-strand to single-strand transition regions. Mutations in this gene cause a rare autosomal recessive disorder known as Schimke Immuno-Osseous Dysplasia (SIOD).
Structural studies have shown that the ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling proteins possess two RecA-like domains termed as RecA-like domain 1 and RecA-like domain 2. Using Active DNA-dependent ATPase A domain (ADAAD), the bovine homolog of SMARCAL1, as a model system we had previously shown that the RecA-like domain 1 containing helicase motifs Q, I, Ia, II, and III are sufficient for ligand binding; however, the Rec A-like domain 2 containing motifs IV, V, and VI are needed for ATP hydrolysis. In the present study, we have focused on the motifs present in the RecA-like domain 2. Our studies demonstrate that the presence of an aromatic residue in motif IV is needed for interaction with DNA in the presence of ATP. We also show that the motif V is required for the catalytic efficiency of the protein and motif VI is needed for interaction with DNA in the presence of ATP. Finally, we show that the SIOD-associated mutation, R820H, present in motif VI results in loss of ATPase activity, and therefore, reduced response to DNA damage.
Grammatical Word Production Across Metrical Contexts in School-Aged Children's and Adults' Speech
Authors: Redford Melissa A. 
Published: May 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to test whether age-related differences in grammatical word production are due to differences in how children and adults chunk speech for output or to immature articulatory timing control in children.

Method
Two groups of 12 children, 5 and 8 years old, and 1 group of 12 adults produced sentences with phrase-medial determiners. Preceding verbs were varied to create different metrical contexts for chunking the determiner with an adjacent content word. Following noun onsets were varied to assess the coherence of determiner–noun sequences. Determiner vowel duration, amplitude, and formant frequencies were measured.

Results
Children produced significantly longer and louder determiners than adults regardless of metrical context. The effect of noun onset on F1 was stronger in children's speech than in adults' speech; the effect of noun onset on F2 was stronger in adults' speech than in children's. Effects of metrical context on anticipatory formant patterns were more evident in children's speech than in adults' speech.

Conclusion
The results suggest that both immature articulatory timing control and age-related differences in how chunks are accessed or planned influence grammatical word production in school-aged children's speech. Future work will focus on the development of long-distance coarticulation to reveal the evolution of speech plan structure over time.
Ultrahigh‐resolution coherent optical spectrum analysis based on electrical frequency sweeping with a doubled measurement range
Authors: Zhu Beibei , Xue Min , Pan Shilong 
Published: May 2018

Based on electrical frequency sweeping, an ultrahigh‐resolution coherent optical spectrum analyser with a doubled measurement range is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. In the scheme, a frequency‐swept electrical signal is converted to the optical domain. By selecting one of the second‐order sidebands of the generated optical signal, a wavelength‐swept signal with a frequency range that is twice the bandwidths of the electro‐optic and RF components is generated. With the wavelength‐swept signal, high‐resolution optical spectrum analysis with a doubled measurement range is implemented. In a proof‐of‐concept experiment, the spectrum of a multi‐tone optical signal with a bandwidth of 20 GHz is measured with a resolution of 1.5 MHz by employing 10 GHz components.
Broadband and compact rectangular waveguide twist by using rigid waveguide
Authors: Xu Yong , Sun Miao , Peng Ting‐hui , Luo Yong , Pu You‐lei , Wang Jian‐xun , Wu Ze‐Wei , Liu Guo , Yan Ran 
Published: May 2018

A broadband and compact rectangular waveguide twist are presented and verified. Adopting an axially rotating 45° ridge waveguide, the rectangular waveguide twist provides a very compact interconnection of two rectangular waveguides with different on‐axis angle rotation. Compared to conventional waveguide twist, the superiority of the proposed waveguide twist is the easiness for manufacturing and the overall dimension is compact, the thickness is only 0.25 times the waveguide wavelength of the TE10 mode. For verification purpose, a Ka‐band 90° waveguide twist has been designed, fabricated, and tested. Measurement results show that the return loss is <−20 dB and the insertion loss is in excess of −0.2 dB. The measurements are in good agreement with simulations and demonstrate the excellent performance of the waveguide twist at the Ka‐band.
Analysis of electrical shock hazard caused by electromagnetic coupling effects in parallel overhead high‐voltage power lines
Authors: Nowak Wieslaw , Tarko Rafal 
Published: May 2018

The development of power networks encounters numerous problems. On one hand, they result from the high cost of land lots and difficulties in acquiring them from the proprietors. On the other hand, there are technical obstacles related to the constructing lines between new power sources (e.g. wind farms) and power systems. Wind farms are frequently localised in areas where the power network is poorly developed. These difficulties necessitate specific ways in which wind farms can be connected with the existing power systems. One of them lies in locating new lines within the existing line right of way. Owing to the electromagnetic impact between the lines such solutions are not frequent. Too long close‐proximity sections are avoided to reduce the consequences this impact. This study is devoted to the influence of high‐voltage transmission lines on other power lines. The localisation options in a 400 kV line right of way are analysed. The construction process and further exploitation of a 110 kV line in normal and short‐circuit conditions of a 400 kV line are presented. The prospective touch voltages and body currents are determined for these conditions.
Contribution of phase-mixing of Alfvén waves to coronal heating in multi-harmonic loop oscillations
Authors: Pagano P. , Pascoe D. J. , De Moortel I. 
Published: May 2018

Context. Kink oscillations of a coronal loop are observed and studied in detail because they provide a unique probe into the structure of coronal loops through magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) seismology and a potential test of coronal heating through the phase mixing of Alfvén waves. In particular, recent observations show that standing oscillations of loops often involve higher harmonics in addition to the fundamental mode. The damping of these kink oscillations is explained by mode coupling with Alfvén waves.
Aims. We investigate the consequences for wave-based coronal heating of higher harmonics and which coronal heating observational signatures we may use to infer the presence of higher harmonic kink oscillations.
Methods. We performed a set of non-ideal MHD simulations in which we modelled the damping of the kink oscillation of a flux tube via mode coupling. We based our MHD simulation parameters on the seismological inversion of an observation for which the first three harmonics are detected. We studied the phase mixing of Alfvén waves, which leads to the deposition of heat in the system, and we applied seismological inversion techniques to the MHD simulation output.
Results. We find that the heating due to phase mixing of Alfvén waves triggered by the damping of kink oscillation is relatively small. We can however illustrate how the heating location drifts from subsequent damping of lower order harmonics. We also address the role of higher order harmonics and the width of the boundary shell in the energy deposition.
Conclusions. We conclude that the coronal heating due to phase mixing does not seem to provide enough energy to maintain the thermal structure of the solar corona even when multi-harmonic oscillations are included; these oscillations play an inhibiting role in the development of smaller scale structures.
Intestinal Perforation due to Deep Infiltrating Endometriosis during Pregnancy: Case Report
Authors: Carneiro Márcia Mendonça , Costa Luciana Maria Pyramo , Torres Maria Das Graças , Gouvea Patrícia Salomé , Ávila Ivete de 
Published: May 2018

AbstractWe report the case of a 33 year-old woman who complained of severe dysmenorrhea since menarche. From 2003 to 2009, she underwent 4 laparoscopies for the treatment of pain associated with endometriosis. After all four interventions, the pain recurred despite the use of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) analogues and the insertion of a levonorgestrel intrauterine system (LNG-IUS). Finally, a colonoscopy performed in 2010 revealed rectosigmoid stenosis probably due to extrinsic compression. The patient was advised to get pregnant before treating the intestinal lesion. Spontaneous pregnancy occurred soon after LNG-IUS removal in 2011. In the 33rd week of pregnancy, the patient started to feel severe abdominal pain. No fever or sings of pelviperitonitis were present, but as the pain worsened, a cesarean section was performed, with the delivery of a premature healthy male, and an intestinal rupture was identified. Severe peritoneal infection and sepsis ensued. A colostomy was performed, and the patient recovered after eight days in intensive care. Three months later, the colostomy was closed, and a new LNG-IUS was inserted. The patient then came to be treated by our multidisciplinary endometriosis team. The diagnostic evaluation revealed the presence of intestinal lesions with extrinsic compression of the rectum. She then underwent a laparoscopic excision of the endometriotic lesions, including an ovarian endometrioma, adhesiolysis and segmental colectomy in 2014. She is now fully recovered and planning a new pregnancy. A transvaginal ultrasound (TVUS) performed six months after surgery showed signs of pelvic adhesions, but no endometriotic lesions.
Status of Some Basic Antioxidants in Pre- and Postmalaria Treatment in Children
Authors: Ayede Adejumoke , Amoo Banke , Anetor John , Adeola Adesegun 
Published: May 2018

Malaria is the most common tropical disease to which infants and children are the most susceptible. It is caused by Plasmodium species and is associated with oxidative stress, which has an effect on body antioxidants. The relationship between the degree of parasitemia and copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and uric acid was evaluated in this study.Seventy children (mean age: 7.80 ± 0.38 years) microscopically diagnosed positive for malaria parasite were selected. Fifty-six apparently healthy children (mean age: 6.68 ± 0.48 years) served as the control group. The malaria group was classified into pretreatment and posttreatment groups. The pretreatment group was also subgrouped based on parasitemia into four as follows: group A, group B, group C, and group D. Serum Cu and Zn were studied. Uric acid, an abundant endogenous metabolic antioxidant, was also determined.The serum levels of Cu and Zn were significantly lower in pretreatment malaria patients compared with control. Uric acid level was slightly raised in the malaria patients but not significant (p > 0.05). In the posttreatment malaria patient group, serum uric acid and Cu levels were significantly raised compared with control (p = 0.008). Also, serum Cu and uric acid were significantly higher in the malaria posttreatment compared with the pretreatment group. Serum Zn level though higher in the posttreatment group compared with the pretreatment group was not significantly different (p > 0.05). The result showed a negative correlation between serum Cu level and parasitemia, and serum Zn level and parasitemia while that of uric acid and parasitemia was positively correlated but none of these were significantly correlated with parasitemia.The observed changes in Cu, Zn, and uric acid levels in this study could be a reflection of progressive upregulation of the antioxidant system to combat the associated oxidative stress in this condition.
Treatment of Non-neurogenic Overactive Bladder with OnabotulinumtoxinA: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Prospective, Randomized, Placebo-controlled Clinical Trials
Authors: Arruda Raquel Martins , Takano Claudia Cristina , Girão Manoel João Batista Castelo , Haddad Jorge Milhem , Aleixo Gabriel Francisco , Castro Rodrigo Aquino 
Published: May 2018

AbstractWe performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized placebo-controlled trials that studied non-neurogenic overactive bladder patients who were treated with 100 units of onabotulinumtoxinA or placebo. The primary purpose of our study was to evaluate the clinical effectiveness with regard to urinary urgency, urinary frequency, nocturia, and incontinence episodes. Our secondary purpose consisted of evaluating the adverse effects. Our initial search yielded 532 entries. Of these, seven studies met all the inclusion criteria (prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled studies, ≥ 3 points on the Jadad scale) and were selected for analysis. For all primary endpoints, the toxin was more effective than placebo (p < 0.0001; 95% confidence interval [95CI]), namely: urgency (mean difference = -2.07; 95CI = [-2.55–1.58]), voiding frequency (mean difference = -1.64; 95CI = [-2.10–1.18]), nocturia (mean difference = -0.25; 95CI = [-0.39–0.11]) and incontinence episodes (mean difference = -2.06; 95CI= [-2.60–1.52]). The need for intermittent catheterization and the occurrence of urinary tract infection (UTI) were more frequent in patients treated with onabotulinumtoxinA than in patients treated with placebo (p < 0.0001). Compared with placebo, onabotulinumtoxinA had significantly and clinically relevant reductions in overactive bladder symptoms and is associated with higher incidence of intermittent catheterization and UTI.
Toxicity of Gamma Knife Radiosurgery May Be Greater in Patients with Lower Cranial Nerve Schwannomas
Authors: Ruangkanchanasetr Rawee , Lee John , Nagda Suneel , Geiger Geoffrey , Kolker James , Bigelow Douglas , Ruckenstein Michael , Nasrallah MacLean , Alonso-Basanta Michelle 
Published: May 2018

Objective Gamma Knife stereotactic radiosurgery (GK-SRS) is a preferred treatment option for tumors of the jugular foramen. We hypothesized that GK-SRS toxicity is higher for lower cranial nerve schwannomas than for glomus jugulare tumors despite anatomically similar locations.
Methods We performed a retrospective review of all patients who received GK-SRS for glomus jugulare tumors and lower cranial nerve schwannomas at our institution between 2006 and 2014. Because of small sample sizes, Fisher's exact tests and logistic regression techniques were employed using SPSS.
Result We identified 20 glomus jugulare tumors and 6 lower cranial nerve schwannoma patients with a median follow-up of 17 months. Median marginal dose was 16 Gy (range 13–18 Gy) and 12.5 Gy (range 12–14 Gy), respectively. All except one patient had tumor control at last follow-up visit. No worsening of pre-existing neurological deficits was observed. There were seven patients who developed any new neurological deficit after GK-SRS, four from the glomus group, and three from the schwannoma group (20 and 50% of each group, respectively). Only two of seven patients had permanent new neurological deficits. Both of them were in the schwannoma group. Univariate analysis showed that only a diagnosis of schwannoma had a greater risk of permanent new cranial nerve complication after GK-SRS compared with diagnosis of glomus jugulare (p = 0.046).
Conclusion Although the marginal dose for glomus jugulare is greater, our study suggests that the risk of a new permanent neurological deficit after GK-SRS was higher in the schwannoma group compared with the glomus group.