bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Consensus‐based clinical guidelines for ambulatory electromyography and contingent electrical stimulation in sleep bruxism
Authors: Lobbezoo Frank , Aarab Ghizlane , Ahlers M. Oliver , Baad‐Hansen Lene , Bernhardt Olaf , Castrillon Eduardo E. , Giannakopoulos Nikolaos Nikitas , Grønbeck Anders , Hauschild Justus , Holst‐Knudsen Marianne , Skovlund Naja , Thymi Magdalini , Svensson Peter 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAs yet, there are still no evidence‐based clinical diagnostic and management guidelines for ambulatory single‐channel EMG devices, like the BUTLER® GrindCare® (GrindCare), that are used in patients with sleep bruxism. Therefore, a consensus meeting was organised with GrindCare developers, researchers, and academic and non‐academic clinicians experienced with the use of ambulatory EMG devices. The aim of the meeting was to discuss and develop recommendations for clinical guidelines for GrindCare usage, based on the existing clinical and research experience of the consensus meeting's participants. As an important outcome of the consensus meeting, clinical guidelines were proposed in which an initial 2‐week baseline phase with the device in its inactive (non‐stimulus) mode for habituation and assessment of the number of jaw‐muscle activities is followed by a 4‐week active phase with contingent electrical stimuli suppressing the jaw‐muscle activities. As to avoid the commonly reported reduction in sensitivity to the stimuli, a 2‐week inactive phase is subsequently installed, followed by a repetition of active and inactive phases until a lasting reduction in the number of jaw‐muscle activities and/or associated complaints has been achieved. This proposal has the characteristics of a single‐patient clinical trial. From a research point of view, adoption of this approach by large numbers of GrindCare users creates a great opportunity to recruit relatively large numbers of study participants that follow the same protocol.
Development of a comprehensive protein microarray for immunoglobulin E profiling in horses with severe asthma
Authors: White Samuel , Moore‐Colyer Meriel , Marti Eliane , Coüetil Laurent , Hannant Duncan , Richard Eric A. , Alcocer Marcos 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundSevere asthma in horses, known as severe equine asthma (SEA), is a prevalent, performance‐limiting disease associated with increased allergen‐specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) against a range of environmental aeroallergens.ObjectiveTo develop a protein microarray platform to profile IgE against a range of proven and novel environmental proteins in SEA‐affected horses.AnimalsSix SEA‐affected and 6 clinically healthy Warmblood performance horses.MethodsDeveloped a protein microarray (n = 384) using protein extracts and purified proteins from a large number of families including pollen, bacteria, fungi, and arthropods associated with the horses, environment. Conditions were optimized and assessed for printing, incubation, immunolabeling, biological fluid source, concentration techniques, reproducibility, and specificity.ResultsThis method identified a number of novel allergens, while also identifying an association between SEA and pollen sensitization. Immunolabeling methods confirmed the accuracy of a commercially available mouse anti‐horse IgE 3H10 source (R2= 0.91). Biological fluid source evaluation indicated that sera and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) yielded the same specific IgE profile (averageR2= 0.75). Amicon centrifugal filters were found to be the most efficient technique for concentrating BALF for IgE analysis at 40‐fold. Overnight incubation maintained the same sensitization profile while increasing sensitivity. Reproducibility was demonstrated (R2= 0.97), as was specificity using protein inhibition assays. Arthropods, fungi, and pollens showed the greatest discrimination for SEA.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceWe have established that protein microarrays can be used for large‐scale IgE mapping of allergens associated with the environment of horses. This technology provides a sound platform for specific diagnosis, management, and treatment of SEA.
The state of health advocacy training in postgraduate medical education: a scoping review
Authors: McDonald Madeline , Lavelle Conor , Wen Mei , Sherbino Jonathan , Hulme Jennifer 
Published: August 2019

ContextHealth advocacy is an essential component of postgraduate medical education, and is part of many physician competency frameworks such as the Canadian Medical Education Directives for Specialists (CanMEDS) roles. There is little consensus about how advocacy should be taught and assessed in the postgraduate context. There are no consolidated guides to assist in the design and implementation of postgraduate health advocacy curricula.ObjectivesThis scoping review aims to identify and analyse existing literature pertaining to health advocacy education and assessment in postgraduate medicine. We specifically sought to summarise themes from the literature that may be useful to medical educators to inform further health advocacy curriculum interventions.MethodsMEDLINE, Embase and ERIC were searched using MeSH (medical student headings) and non‐MeSH search terms. Additional articles were found using forward snowballing. The grey literature search included Google and relevant stakeholder websites, regulatory bodies, physician associations, government agencies and academic institutions. We followed a stepwise scoping review methodology, followed by thematic analysis using an inductive approach.ResultsOf the 123 documents reviewed in full, five major themes emerged: (i) conceptions of health advocacy have evolved towards advocating with rather than for patients, communities and populations; (ii) longitudinal curricula were less common but appeared the most promising, often linked to scholarly or policy objectives; (iii) hands‐on, immersive opportunities build competence and confidence; (iv) community‐identified needs and partnerships are increasingly considered in designing curriculum, and (v) resident‐led and motivated programmes appear to engage residents and allow for achievement of stated outcomes. There remain significant challenges to assessment of health advocacy competencies, and assessment tools for macro‐level health advocacy were notably absent.ConclusionsThere is considerable heterogeneity in the way health advocacy is taught, assessed and incorporated into postgraduate curricula across programmes and disciplines. We consolidated recommendations from the literature to inform further health advocacy curriculum design, implementation and assessment.
MicroRNA528, a hub regulator modulating ROS homeostasis via targeting of a diverse set of genes encoding copper‐containing proteins in monocots
Authors: Zhu Hong , Chen Chengjie , Zeng Jun , Yun Ze , Liu Yuanlong , Qu Hongxia , Jiang Yueming , Duan Xuewu , Xia Rui 
Published: August 2019

Summary

Plant microRNAs (miRNAs) regulate vital cellular processes, including responses to extreme temperatures with which reactive oxygen species (ROS) are often closely associated.

In the present study, it was found that aberrant temperatures caused extensive changes in abundance to numerous miRNAs in banana fruit, especially the copper (Cu)‐associated miRNAs. Among them, miR528 was significantly downregulated under cold stress and it was found to target genes encoding polyphenol oxidase (PPO), different from those identified in rice and maize. Expression of PPO genes was upregulated by > 100‐fold in cold conditions, leading to ROS surge and subsequent peel browning of banana fruit.

Extensive comparative genomic analyses revealed that the monocot‐specific miR528 can potentially target a large collection of genes encoding Cu‐containing proteins. Most of them are actively involved in cellular ROS metabolism, including not only ROS generating oxidases, but also ROS scavenging enzymes.

It also was demonstrated that miR528 has evolved a distinct preference of target genes in different monocots, with its target site varying in position among/within gene families, implying a highly dynamic process of target gene diversification. Its broad capacity to target genes encoding Cu‐containing protein implicates miR528 as a key regulator for modulating the cellular ROS homeostasis in monocots.
But it’s legal, isn’t it? Law and ethics in nursing practice related to medical assistance in dying
Authors: Schiller Catharine J. , Pesut Barbara , Roussel Josette , Greig Madeleine 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIn June 2015, the Supreme Court of Canada struck down the Criminal Code's prohibition on assisted death. Just over a year later, the federal government crafted legislation to entrench medical assistance in dying (MAiD), the term used in Canada in place of physician‐assisted death. Notably, Canada became the first country to allow nurse practitioners to act as assessors and providers, a result of a strong lobby by the Canadian Nurses Association. However, a legislated approach to assisted death has proven challenging in a number of areas. Although it facilitates a degree of accountability, precision and accessibility, it has also resulted in particular challenges negotiating the diverse perspectives of such a morally contentious act. One of these challenges is the tendency to conflate what is legal and what is moral in a modern liberal constitutionalism that places supreme value on autonomy and choice. Such a conflation tends to render invisible the legal and moral/ethical considerations necessary for nurses and nurse practitioners to remain ethical actors. In this paper, we introduce this conflation and then discuss the process of lawmaking in Canada, including the legalization of MAiD and the contributions of nursing to that legalization. We then engage in a hypothetical dialogue about the legal and moral/ethical implications of MAiD for nursing in Canada. We conclude with an appeal for morally sustainable workspaces that, when implementing MAiD, appropriately balance patient choices and nurses’ moral well‐being.
A rapid and universal method for isolating starch granules in plant tissues
Authors: Niu Liangjie , Ding Huiying , Hao Ruiqi , Liu Hui , Wu Xiaolin , Hu Xiuli , Wang Wei 
Published: August 2019

AbstractStarch is the major form of carbohydrate storage in plants and exists as discrete starch granules (SGs). Isolation of high‐quality SGs in different plant tissues is a prerequisite for studying the roles of SGs during plant growth, development, and responses to abiotic stress. However, it is difficult to isolate transitory SGs from leaves and storage SGs from pollen grains due to their small sizes and low quantities. Herein, we develop a novel method for isolating SGs by using the aqueous two‐phase system (ATS) of ethanol/NaH2PO4. The ATS method efficiently separated SGs from contaminants based on their differences in density, solubility, and polarity. Using this method, we first isolated and purified three kinds of SGs from maize seeds, pollen, and leaves. The biochemical, microscopic, and proteomic analyses demonstrated the high purity of the isolated SGs. Proteomic analysis revealed distinct differences in SG‐bound proteins between seed SGs and pollen SGs. As a simple, rapid, and low‐cost method, the ATS‐based method exhibits highly universal and reproducible results for starch‐containing tissues in various plant species.
Childhood lead poisoning from domestic products in China: A case study with implications for practice, education, and policy
Authors: Wang Ju , El‐Fahmawi Ayah , Yan Chonghuai , Liu Jianghong 
Published: August 2019

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to report three representative childhood lead poisoning cases in China from domestic products exposure and to highlight their critical implications for practice, education, and policy in prevention and treatment of childhood lead poisoning by health care providers, especially public health nurses.Design and SampleThree representative childhood lead poisoning cases occurring in 2017 were collected and analyzed.ResultsThe lead exposure sources of three cases were evaluated by experts in the field and determined to be tin pots, home factories for tinfoil, and contamination of folk medicine, respectively. These cases demonstrated that the lack of lead exposure risk assessment, insufficient knowledge of potential lead exposure sources, underdeveloped policy, and regulations were areas for improvement.ConclusionsThe best strategies for preventing lead poisoning include an appropriate risk assessment of lead exposure, implementation of comprehensive parental health education, conduction of further research by public health providers, and the application of policy strategies by the government. It was determined that public health nurses are at the frontline of prevention of lead poisoning in children.
Children's and adults' perceptions of child necessities in Hong Kong
Authors: Lau Maggie K.W. , Gordon David , Zhang Mary F. , Bradshaw Jonathan 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThere is growing interest in child poverty and well‐being in East Asia. However, empirical studies predominantly adopt “expert‐led” measures (such as adult‐derived child deprivation measures), which usually assume that parents or guardians provide reliable reports about all their children's needs and that the allocation of household resources is effectively equal across all members. Studies of child poverty from a child‐rights or child‐agency perspective are rare in East Asia. Using a consensual deprivation approach, this article examines the extent of agreement between children and adults about which child possessions and activities constitute necessities of life in Hong Kong. The data are drawn from the second wave of the Strategic Public Policy Research project—Trends and Implications of Poverty and Social Disadvantages in Hong Kong: A Multi‐disciplinary and Longitudinal Study. A total of 595 adults and 636 school‐aged children from the first wave of the study were reinterviewed and asked if they considered 16 possessions and activities as essential for children in contemporary Hong Kong. The results showed that adults were significantly more likely to believe that almost all material and social deprivation items were necessities compared with their children, even after controlling for individual‐level factors (i.e., gender and birthplace) and household‐level factors (i.e., number of children in the household, number of working adults, and household income). The findings highlight the importance of incorporating children's views into our understanding of child poverty.
The Kerr–Mills Act and the Puzzles of Health‐Care Reform
Authors: Gritter Matthew 
Published: August 2019

ObjectiveThis article explores the passage and implementation of the Kerr–Mills Act of 1960. The Kerr–Mills Act created the Medical Assistance for the Aged program that preceded the 1965 creation of Medicare and Medicaid.MethodUsing primary and secondary sources, I seek to explore how the legislation was passed and how it was implemented.ResultsKerr–Mills was passed because of an alliance between policy entrepreneur Wilbur Cohen and conservative southern Democratic members of Congress, Wilbur Mills and Roger Kerr. Cohen helped to craft a modest bill that gained easy approval. Three years after the passage of the law less than 1 percent of older Americans were covered, not every state implemented the legislation, and there were large discrepancies in terms of services and access. However, individual states reported success in creating programs. The Medicaid program took the structure of Kerr–Mills but included dependent children as recipients and incentives for states to participate.ConclusionWhile criticized as an unsuccessful program, Kerr–Mills provided the template for what is today the largest health insurance program: Medicaid.
Sari vs. Dim Sum – Business Improvement Areas and the Branding of Toronto's Ethnic Neighbourhoods
Authors: Schmiz Antonie 
Published: August 2019

AbstractUnder the umbrella of Toronto's city motto, ‘Diversity our Strength’, ethnically labelled Business Improvement Areas (BIAs) have become the object of branding strategies. While these branding processes generate tourist places and multicultural neighbourhoods for the creative and cosmopolitan, they challenge social cohesion. Branding often leads to urban revitalisation and thus causes the displacement of diverse communities and migrant enterprises through rising rents. Furthermore, ethnic place‐making and branding activity can create local conflicts around identity and urban images in which migrant agency plays a central role. This paper compares two ethnically‐branded BIAs in a political‐economy perspective to show that marketability between ethnic groups varies. It provides systematic analysis of urban policies towards the branding of migrant entrepreneurial neighbourhoods in Toronto. It further shows how heterogeneous power structures influence ethnic entrepreneurial neighbourhoods.
Neoliberalism(s) as a Guide to Post‐Wall Urban Change: Explanation Out of the Blue?
Authors: Gentile Michael , Sjöberg Örjan 
Published: August 2019

AbstractConcerns have been raised that neoliberalism has become the favoured, yet uncritically applied lens used to approach and explain societal developments. This contribution assesses research on an area where this concern has been pronounced, namely the formerly centrally planned economies of Europe. Examining a sample of more than 200 articles published in twelve geography, area and urban studies journals over the period 2000–2014, findings suggest that while neoliberalism is not generally used as a blanket explanation for patterns of change following the collapse of the Berlin Wall, it is occasionally afforded explanatory power. Moreover, when it does assume this role it is rarely defined and more rarely still validated empirically. Thus, in about one tenth of the sampled literature, the importance of neoliberalism is asserted rather than shown.
MORALITY THROUGH INQUIRY, MOTIVE THROUGH RHETORIC: THE POLITICS OF SCIENCE AND RELIGION IN THE EPOCH OF THE ANTHROPOCENE
Authors: Crick Nathan 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIn an epoch marked by the threat of global warming, the conflicts between science and religion are no longer simply matters that concern only intellectual elites and armchair philosophers; they are in many ways matters that will determine the degree to which we can meet the challenges of our times. John H. Evans'sMorals Not Knowledgerepresents an important provocation for those committed not only to using scientific method as a resource for making moral judgments but also to creating political alliances with religious constituencies. In this important work, Evans argues that most conflicts between science and religion do not concern a clash between two contradictory ways of knowing, but rather a clash over our moral responsibilities and ultimate values. In my response to his work, I suggest that integrating both John Dewey's pragmatic understanding of the moral situation and Kenneth Burke's rhetorical interpretation of motives helps bolster Evans's cause and provides support for a political movement that aims to bridge the divide between science and religion in the epoch of the Anthropocene.
Anti-oxidant and anti-bacterial activities of Anthurium plowmaniileaves extracts
Authors: Ramadhania Nurina Rizka , Harun Fajriah , Purnomo Adi Setyo , Fatmawati Sri 
Published: August 2019

Different solvent extracts of Anthurium plowmanii leaves were assayed for antioxidant and antibacterial activities. Methanol extract had the highest inhibition of DPPH and ABTS scavenging activities among extracts. Concentrations of methanol extract required for 50% inhibition of DPPH radical scavenging effect were recorded as 231,59 μg/mL. The IC50 of methanol and water extracts on ABTS were 57,23 μg/mL and 73,35 μg/mL, respectively. The lower IC50 values denotes a more potent antioxidant. Dichloromethane and n-hexane extracts showed faint antibacterial activity against bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus subtilis was evaluated by broth dilution method. The results demonstrated great potential of the A. plowmanii leaves as a new source of new antioxidant agents.
Effect of particle size and amount of nonmetallic PCB materials on the mechanical properties of rHDPE/PCB composites
Authors: Sohaili Johan , Muniyandi Shantha Kumari , Mohamad Siti Suhaila , Ariffin Azreen 
Published: August 2019

Composites based on recycled high density polyethylene (rHDPE) and nonmetallic printed circuit board (PCB) waste were made through melt compounding and compression molding. In this study, the chemical compositions of the nonmetallic PCB material were determined via XRF and it was confirmed that it contains predominantly 72.7% of glass fiber materials which improve the mechanical performances of the rHDPE matrix. The main aim of this study is to determine the effect of different particle sizes and loadings of nonmetallic PCB on mechanical properties of rHDPE/PCB composite. The results indicated that mechanical properties of composites were excellent when nonmetallic materials with particle size from 0.09 to 0.15 mm and adding amount was 30 wt%. Microscopic images revealed that nonmetallic particles with the size of 0.07-0.09 mm and 0.09 -0.15 mm contained majority of single glass fibers whereas, bigger particle sizes of 0.15-0.3 mm and 0.3-0.5 mm, contained glass fibers in the form of bundles and large resin sheet.
Melt equilibration depths as sensors of lithospheric thickness during Eurasia-Arabia collision and the uplift of the Anatolian Plateau
Authors: Reid M.R. , Delph J.R. , Cosca M.A. , Schleiffarth W.K. , Gençalioğlu Kuşcu G. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
A co-investigation of mantle melting conditions and seismic structure revealed an evolutionary record of mantle dynamics accompanying the transition from subduction to collision along the Africa-Eurasia margin and the >1 km uplift of the Anatolian Plateau. New 40Ar/39Ar dates of volcanic rocks from the Eastern Taurides (southeast Turkey) considerably expand the known spatial extent of Miocene-aged mafic volcanism following a magmatic lull over much of Anatolia that ended at ca. 20 Ma. Mantle equilibration depths for these chemically diverse basalts are interpreted to indicate that early to middle Miocene lithospheric thickness in the region varied from ∼50 km or less near the Bitlis suture zone to ∼80 km near the Inner Tauride suture zone. This southward-tapering lithospheric base could be a vestige of the former interface between the subducted (and now detached) portion of the Arabian plate and the overriding Eurasian plate, and/or a reflection of mantle weakening associated with greater mantle hydration trenchward prior to collision. Asthenospheric upwelling driven by slab tearing and foundering along this former interface, possibly accompanied by convective removal of the lithosphere, could have led to renewed volcanic activity after 20 Ma. Melt equilibration depths for late Miocene and Pliocene basalts together with seismic imaging of the present lithosphere indicate that relatively invariant lithospheric thicknesses of 60–70 km have persisted since the middle Miocene. Thus, no evidence is found for large-scale (tens of kilometers) Miocene delamination of the lower lithosphere from the overriding plate, which has been proposed elsewhere to account for late Miocene and younger uplift of Anatolia.