bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multiple solutions for a nonconvex variational problem with double‐well potentials
Authors: Lu Xiaojun , Lv Xiaofen , Wen Guanghui 
Published: May 2018

SummaryIn this paper, we present a set of complete solutions for a nonconvex variational problem with double‐well potentials in higher dimensions. Based on the canonical duality theory, the corresponding nonlinear Euler‐Lagrange equation with Neumann boundary condition can be converted into an algebraic equation, which can be solved analytically to obtain the solutions of the dual problem. Correspondingly, local extrema of the primal problem can be identified by the pure complementary energy principle.
NHL in adolescents and young adults: A unique population
Authors: Hochberg Jessica , Flower Allyson , Brugieres Laurence , Cairo Mitchell S. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractNon‐Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is a heterogeneous group of lymphoid malignancies with high incidence in adolescents and young adults (AYAs). The most common diseases include diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma, anaplastic large cell lymphoma, Burkitt lymphoma, lymphoblastic lymphoma, and primary mediastinal large B‐cell lymphoma. In comparison to younger children and adults, AYAs (15–39 years) with NHL present a specific set of challenges including variations in tumor biology, inconsistent treatment, pharmacodynamics, and psychosocial barriers. While survival of AYAs with NHL has improved, cure rates remain suboptimal. Incorporation of novel agents into pediatric‐inspired treatment regimens specifically designed for NHL in AYAs has led to improved outcomes. Consideration of AYAs as a distinct population in the diagnosis and treatment of NHL is encouraged.
Health‐care providers’ perspectives on health‐insurance access, waiving procedures, and hospital detention practices in Kenya
Authors: Mostert Saskia , Njuguna Festus , van der Burgt Renske H.M. , Musimbi Joyce , Langat Sandra , Skiles Jodi , Seijffert Anneloes , Sitaresmi Mei N. , Vik Terry A. , van de Ven Peter M. , Kaspers Gertjan J.L. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractBackgroundPatients at Kenyan public hospitals are detained if their families cannot pay their medical bills. Access to health insurance and waiving procedures to prevent detention may be limited. This study explores the perspectives of health‐care providers (HCP) on health‐insurance access, waiving procedures, and hospital detention practices.ProcedureA self‐administered structured questionnaire was completed by 104 HCP (response rate 78%) involved in childhood cancer care.ResultsThe perspectives of respondents were as follows: all children with cancer should have health insurance according to 96% of HCP. After parents apply for health insurance, it takes too long before treatment costs are covered (67% agree). Patients with childhood cancer without health insurance have a higher chance of abandoning treatment (82% agree). Hospitals should waive bills of all children with cancer when parents have payment difficulties (69% agree). Waiving procedures take too long (75%). Parents are scared by waiving procedures and may decide never to return to the hospital again (68%). Poor families delay visiting the hospital because they fear hospital detention and first seek alternative treatment (92%). When poor families finally come to the hospital, the disease is in advanced stage already (94%). Parents sometimes have to abandon their detained child at the hospital if they cannot pay hospital bills (68%). Detention of children at the hospital if parents cannot pay their medical bills is not approved by 84% of HCP.ConclusionsHCP acknowledge that access to health insurance needs improvement and that waiving procedures contribute to treatment abandonment. By far, most HCP disapprove of hospital detention practices. These factors warrant urgent attention and adjustment.
Clinically significant ascites as an indication for resection of rapidly involuting congenital hepatic hemangiomas
Authors: Klein Mia , Chang Alicia K. , Vasudevan Sanjeev A. , Blatt Julie , Iacobas Ionela , Lee Sang 
Published: May 2018

AbstractHepatic hemangiomas are the most common benign liver tumor of infancy and are divided into two main types: rapidly involuting congenital hemangiomas (RICH) and non‐involuting congenital hemangiomas. RICH typically involute by 12 months and are often asymptomatic. Surgical resection is rare. Indications for surgical resection include rupture, rapid growth, consumptive coagulopathy, and abdominal pain. We present two patients from different institutions who both developed clinically significant ascites as the RICH involuted, prompting surgical resection. This is a new indication for resection.
Pitfalls and clues in the prenatal diagnosis of abnormal origin of one of the pulmonary artery branches
Authors: Quarello Edwin , Paoli Florent , Lafouge Antoine , Stos Bertrand , Gorincour Guillaume 
Published: May 2018

What's already known about this topic?

The abnormal origin of 1 of the pulmonary artery branches is a very rare malformative entity, for which prenatal ultrasonographic diagnosis remains difficult.
What does this study add?

We reviewed 3 cases, including 1 diagnosed after birth, for which we detailed the clues and pitfalls to reach (or miss) their identification. Knowledge of this malformation associated with a careful ultrasonographic strategy will allow early and optimal surgical management.
Stable Protein Gel Storage in Acetonitrile for Mass Spectrometric Analysis
Authors: Chen Yuxin , Wang Sen , Jia Jia , Tian Xinyu , Xu Hongpan , Ning Mingzhe , Bai Bing 
Published: May 2018

AbstractLong‐term storage of protein samples for transportation is a challenge in the field of mass spectrometric analysis because the low temperature condition is not easy to be maintained. Here we introduce a simple method to preserve proteins at room temperature for at least one month. In this method, the protein sample is run shortly into a polyacrylamide gel which is then excised after Coomassie staining. The protein gel band is then dehydrated by 100% acetonitrile three times and kept in 100% acetonitrile for storage at room temperature. By the TMT 10‐plex based quantitative proteomic analyses, we have found that these proteins are stable in their levels and modifications (phosphorylation, oxidation, and ubiquitination) for 30 days. Further analysis has revealed this storage method also well preserves proteins even at 45 °C. We therefore recommend to use acetonitrile to dehydrate and store protein gel pieces as an effective alternative for sample shipping over days. Therefore, it might facilitate worldwide collaborations in the mass spectrometry‐based proteomic research.
The role of posttraumatic stress and posttraumatic growth on online information use in breast cancer survivors
Authors: Casellas‐Grau A. , Sumalla E.C. , Lleras M. , Vives J. , Sirgo A. , León C. , Rodríguez A. , Campos G. , Valverde Y. , Borràs J.M. , Ochoa C. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractObjectiveChanges perceived as both positive (eg, posttraumatic growth [PTG]) and negative (eg, posttraumatic stress symptoms [PTSS]) have been associated with intensive Internet use among breast cancer survivors. In this multicenter study, we analyzed the role of PTG and PTSS on the amount of time spent looking for online cancer information, its content, and its psychological impact.MethodsPosttraumatic stress symptoms and PTG were assessed in 182 breast cancer survivors by using the Post‐traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist and Post‐traumatic Growth Inventory questionnaires. Subjects also completed a questionnaire about their behavior when looking for online illness‐related information (ie, time spent, type of contents, and psychological impact).ResultsPosttraumatic stress symptoms positively correlated with the amount of time spent looking for cancer‐related information, including both medical and psychosocial content. By contrast, PTG showed no relationships with the amount of time, but with a predominant search for cancer‐related psychosocial information. The psychological impact of online information was associated with participants' levels of PTG and/or PTSS. Whereas PTG was related to a decrease of women's hope, PTSS was linked to the perception of being less conscious or inadequately informed about the illness, thereby increasing feelings of distress.ConclusionsPosttraumatic stress symptoms and PTG show relationships with the amount of time spent online, the type of information accessed online, and the psychological impact of Internet use. Health professionals should prescribe online information according to the psychological response to cancer. There is a need for professional‐led online resources to provide patients with timely information as well as support sites to facilitate psychological adjustment.
Falling through the cracks. A thematic evaluation of unmet needs of adult survivors of childhood cancers
Authors: White Jennifer , Park Joanne , Russell K. Brooke , Reynolds K.A. , Madani A. , Carlson Linda E. , Giese‐Davis Janine 
Published: May 2018

AbstractObjectiveThe population of adult survivors of childhood cancers (ASCCs) is growing, resulting in unique long‐term challenges. This study explored experiences of perceived unmet ASCC survivorship needs.MethodsWe invited ASCCs to complete surveys sent through the cancer registry. Four open‐ended questions allowed participants to write in comments. We analyzed responses to these open‐ended questions thematically, employing a process of constant comparison.ResultsOur sample included 94 ASCCs who completed open‐ended questions (61 female; aged 20‐78 years, mean age = 34.47, SD = 11.84, mean = 23.27 years post diagnosis). Identified themes included (1) overlooked experiences of distress; (2) lack of counseling: system, patient, and family barriers; (3) difficulty negotiating future life milestones exacerbated by lack of knowledge; and (4) dissatisfaction with service provision: past and present. Prevalent issues identified by participants included lack of supportive care to address needs, distress due to missed developmental milestones as a result of cancer, lack of knowledge about late‐term and long‐term effects of cancer treatment, and concern over absence of organized long‐term follow‐up.ConclusionsAdult survivors of childhood cancers continue to experience unmet needs during their cancer diagnosis, treatment, and long into survivorship due to the treatment for cancer and ongoing side effects. Solutions could focus on addressing the needs of survivors to bridge system gaps and barriers. Specifically, there is a need to improve psychological interventions and transitions from pediatric to adult‐care facilities.
Colloidal Core–Satellite Supraparticles via Preprogramed Burst of Nanostructured Micro‐Raspberry Particles
Authors: Stauch Claudia , Hobbs Christopher , Shmeliov Aleksey , Nicolosi Valeria , Ballweg Thomas , Luxenhofer Robert , Mandel Karl 
Published: May 2018

AbstractColloidal molecules, or more general supraparticles, i.e., particles which are themselves assembled of smaller nanoparticles in a defined way, are known to be synthesizable via bottom‐up assembly techniques in colloidal dispersion. The amount of synthesizable particles is mostly limited to milligrams. Herein, a bottom‐up‐programed, triggerable top‐down process is reported to obtain core–satellite supraparticles, i.e., particles composed of a larger core particle surrounded by smaller satellite particles. The key is to prepare a nanostructured, microparticulate powder into which defined burst behavior is preprogramed. Once the system is mechanically triggered, it bursts into well‐defined nanosized core–satellite supraparticles. Scale‐up is easily feasible and several hundred grams per batch can be demonstrated. The product is a ready‐to‐use and flexibly processible powder. Upon simple mixing with a polymer, it disintegrates into the preprogramed core–satellite supraparticles, thus forming a highly sophisticated nanocomposite with the polymer matrix. A pure silica nanoparticle system and a silica–iron oxide nanoparticle hybrid system are presented to demonstrate the versatility of the approach. Enhanced mechanical and unexpected magneto‐optical properties with the particle system are found. The disintegration of the microparticles into individual core–satellite colloidal supraparticles is confirmed via in situ liquid cell transmission electron microscopy.
Membrane Proteome of Invasive Retinoblastoma: Differential Proteins and Biomarkers
Authors: Danda Ravikanth , Ganapathy Kalaivani , Sathe Gajanan , Madugundu Anil K. , Krishnan Uma Maheswari , Khetan Vikas , Rishi Pukhraj , Gowda Harsha , Pandey Akhilesh , Subramanian Krishnakumar , Prasad T. S. Keshava , Elchuri Sailaja V. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractPurpose: Retinoblastoma (RB) is a pediatric ocular cancer which is caused due to the aberrations in the RB1 gene. The changes in the membrane proteomics would help in understanding the development of the retinoblastoma and could identify candidates for biomarkers and therapy.Experimental design: Quantitative proteomics is performed on the enriched membrane fractions from pooled normal retina (n = 5) and pooled retinoblastoma tissues (n = 5). The proteins are tryptic‐digested and tagged with iTRAQ labels. Orbitrap mass spectrometry is used to analyze and quantify the deregulated membrane proteins involved in the RB tumor progression. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) is used to further validate few of the differentially expressed proteins.Results: A total of 3122 proteins are identified of which, 663 proteins are found to be deregulated with ≥two fold change in the RB tumor compared to the retina. 282 proteins are upregulated and 381 are downregulated with ≥2 peptide identifications. Bioinformatic analysis revealed that, most of the proteins are involved in the transport, cellular communication, and growth. Overexpression of lamin B1 (LMNB1) and transferrin receptor (TFRC) are observed in RB tumors using IHC.Conclusion and clinical relevance: The present study, is the first comprehensive quantitative membrane proteomic atlas of the differentially regulated proteins in RB compared to the retina. LMNB1 and TFRC could be potential biomarkers for this childhood cancer.
Physical Simulation of Live‐Fire Detonations using Command‐Detonation Fuzing
Authors: Walsh Michael R. , Bigl Matthew F. , Walsh Marianne E. , Wrobel Erik T. , Beal Samuel A. , Temple Tracey 
Published: May 2018

AbstractTesting of munitions for environmental impact is required in many countries as part of the life cycle assessment process. Although the post‐detonation mass and composition of metallic species are known, energetics residues from the detonation process are difficult to estimate. Past methods using detonation chamber testing and modeling have been shown to be problematic, especially with newer generation energetic materials. This paper describes a method of field‐testing munitions using command detonation systems for static rounds that simulate live‐fire high order detonations. Research demonstrates that results from command detonated high explosive rounds are similar to residues from rounds fired onto an ice‐covered impact area. The ability to substitute command detonations for live fire will enable the assessment of the environmental impact new munitions will have on training ranges prior to full development and certification. Data may also be used to assess detonation efficiencies for explosive formulations as well as for energetic components in those formulations.
Prostatic collagen architecture in neutered and intact canines
Authors: Ruetten Hannah , Wegner Kyle A. , Romero Michael F. , Wood Michael W. , Marker Paul C. , Strand Douglas , Colopy Sara A. , Vezina Chad M. 
Published: May 2018

BackgroundProstate stiffness and increased collagen content both associate with the presence of urinary symptoms in men but mechanisms responsible, including impact of age and androgens, are unknown. Dogs develop prostate‐related urinary dysfunction similar to humans, but mechanisms are also unknown. Mice have been used to examine how prostatic collagen accumulation affects voiding but whether mouse prostatic collagen organization resembles human or dog has not been evaluated. Here, we have constructed the first comprehensive, comparative maps of collagen architecture in canine, human, and mouse prostate and test whether canine prostatic collagen content is increased by aging and reduced by castration.MethodsComplete transverse prostate sections were stained with picrosirius red and imaged with confocal microscopy to reveal and compare collagen architecture across species. Canine prostatic collagen fiber length, diameter, and density in prostatic urethral, periurethral, peripheral, and capsular regions were quantified and compared among four experimental groups: young intact, young neutered, old intact, and old neutered dogs.ResultsSurprisingly, the majority of collagen was localized to the prostatic urethra in canine, human, and mouse. In canine and human, capsular regions also featured a dense collagen network but it appeared less dense than around prostatic urethra. Older, intact male canines exhibited overall denser prostate collagen fibers and had thicker capsular fibers than young, intact males. Prostatic glandular regions undergo dramatic atrophy and regression following castration, and our finding of neutered animals having increased collagen fiber density in both periurethral and peripheral regions is consistent with glandular contraction and increased proportion of stroma.ConclusionsCollagen architecture in dog appears similar to that in humans when cross sections are compared side‐by‐side. Canine collagen organization is affected by both age and androgen status, suggesting these factors may contribute to collagen accumulation in some males.
Electrospray ionization study of tricarbonyl fac‐[Re(CO)3(PO)(X)]‐type complexes: influence of ancillary co‐ligands in the release of carbon monoxide
Authors: Tisato Francesco , Porchia Marina , Shegani Antoni , Maina Theodosia , Papadopoulos Minas S. , Seraglia Roberta , Traldi Pietro 
Published: May 2018

Rationalefac‐[Re(CO)3(PO)(X)]‐type complexes (PO = chelated bidentate tertiary phosphine (1‐), X = various neutral, mono‐dentate ligands) represent a class of compounds that meets the synthetic criteria for the preparation of potential carbon monoxide (CO) release molecules (CORMs) for medicinal application. The aim of our investigation was to achieve qualitative information whether the nature of the ancillary X ligand might influence the release of CO.MethodsThe release of CO has been investigated by means of product ion spectrometry of electrospray ionization (ESI)‐generated [M + H]+ species, produced by multiple collisional experiments, using an ion trap mass spectrometer.ResultsTandem mass spectrometry applied to the protonated species [Re(CO)3(PO)(X) + H]+ of seven complexes (those including X = OH2 (1), isonitrile (2, 3), imidazole (4), pyridine (5) and phosphine (6, 7)) shows initial loss of coordinated water (1) or pyridine (5), whereas the majority of investigated entries display initial, sequential release of CO groups. The energetics of CO release have been investigated by breakdown curves for selected collisionally activated decomposition processes involving CO, and compared with those involving X groups.ConclusionsThe nature of the co‐ligand X drives the primary loss in the MSn processes of [Re(CO)3(PO)(X) + H]+ compounds. When X = solvent, the energetics of these decompositions follow the trend H2O < MeOH < CO. In each case, loss of CO is a favored fragmentation route with associated energies following the trend: N‐py ≤ P‐phosphine < C‐isonitrile. Overall, MSn pathways indicate that [Re(PO)] (Re with chelated PO phosphine) constitutes the residual moiety. This behavior indicates that the presence of a functionalized phosphine is essential for a sequential, controlled release of CO.
Capture of Aldehyde VOCs Using a Series of Amine‐Functionalized Cellulose Nanocrystals
Authors: Guerra Fernanda D. , Campbell McKenzie L. , Attia Mohamed F. , Whitehead Daniel. C. , Alexis Frank 
Published: May 2018

AbstractAldehydes are commonly encountered VOCs released to the atmosphere from a variety of anthropogenic sources. We have previously reported the use of poly(ethyleneimine) (PEI) modified biodegradable poly(lactic acid) nanoparticles for the capture of volatile aldehydes and carboxylic acids in the gas phase. In this study we evaluated the performance of amine‐decorated cellulose materials by grafting three stable amine‐bearing molecules (i. e. ethylendiamine (EDA), tris(2‐aminoethyl)amine (Tris), and PEI) to the surface of cellulose micro and nanocrystals using a convenient two step protocol. The amine‐modified cellulose materials were then characterized using TGA, FTIR, EDS, and elemental analysis. GC headspace experiments were conducted to assess the ability of the amine‐modified cellulose materials to capture two illustrative aldehyde VOCs, hexanal and octanal, in the gas phase. PEI‐cellulose nanocrystals successfully captured gaseous hexanal, and significantly outperformed related PEI‐cellulose microcrystals. In a second round of optimization, cellulose nanocrystals modified with simpler amine‐bearing molecules, Tris and EDA, were prepared for comparison. Tris and EDA modified cellulose nanocrystals also efficiently captured the target VOCs. These results demonstrate that the size of cellulose substrate and the chemical composition of the amine molecules on the surface are critical parameters for efficient contaminant capture.
Mesoporous Spherical TiO2 with Outstanding Photocatalysis under Visible Light
Authors: Li Xiangji , Lu Xiangkun , Qi Hui , Yu Kaifeng , Zhang Zhiqiang 
Published: May 2018

AbstractIn the paper, mesoporous spherical TiO2 was synthesized using Ti(SO4)2 and TiCl3 as raw materials through one step hydrothermal and calcination method. Good dispersibility and high photocatalytic performance could be obtained without adding any organic dispersant. The preparation process of TiO2 was simple and high efficient. The grain sizes were 29.0 nm, and the specific surfaces were 99.201 m2/g. The photocatalytic efficiency of the prepared samples degrading methyl orange was 1.85 times higher than that of the conventional P25 under visible light. In addition, the reaction mechanism of mesoporous spherical TiO2 based on experiments was explained.
An All‐Freeze‐Casting Strategy to Design Typographical Supercapacitors with Integrated Architectures
Authors: Wang Qingrong , Wang Xinyu , Wan Fang , Chen Kena , Niu Zhiqiang , Chen Jun 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe emergence of flexible and wearable electronics has raised the demand for flexible supercapacitors with accurate sizes and aesthetic shapes. Here, a strategy is developed to prepare flexible all‐in‐one integrated supercapacitors by combining all‐freeze‐casting with typography technique. The continuous seamless connection of all‐in‐one supercapacitor devices enhances the load and/or electron transfer capacity and avoids displacing and detaching between their neighboring components at bending status. Therefore, such a unique structure of all‐in‐one integrated devices is beneficial for retaining stable electrochemical performance at different bending levels. More importantly, the sizes and aesthetic shapes of integrated supercapacitors could be controlled by the designed molds, like type matrices of typography. The molds could be assembled together and typeset randomly, achieving the controllable construction and series and/or parallel connection of several supercapacitor devices. The preparation of flexible integrated supercapacitors will pave the way for assembling programmable all‐in‐one energy storage devices into highly flexible electronics.