bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fronteiras e estratégias da paz:
Authors: Mendes de Medeiros Siqueira Luan 
Published: September 2019

Este artigo tem como objetivo central realizar uma breve discussão das possibilidades diplomáticas e estratégias de paz entre o Império do Brasil e as Províncias Unidas do Rio da Prata no conflito cisplatino. Para isso, utilizamos como documentação a ser investigada algumas correspondências diplomáticas trocadas entre os ministros dos negócios estrangeiros de ambos os governos sob a mediação dos representantes ingleses e documentos preliminares que foram base para a redação oficial da Convenção Preliminar de Paz, realizada em 29 de agosto de 1828, documento que selou definitivamente a guerra. Pretendemos abordar os diferentes discursos diplomáticos encabeçados por cada um dos governos sobre a província Cisplatina sobretudo a região do Rio da Prata, bem como as resoluções de fronteiras, uma das pautas diplomáticas centrais debatidas no desfecho da guerra.
Lemuru Fish Oil (Sardinella longiceps) Therapy on Periodontal Wistar Rats Induced with Porphyromonas gingivalis Bacteria: Osteoblast and Osteoclast
Authors: DAMAİYANTİ Dian Widya , WİDYASTUTİ Widyastuti , PARAMİTA Ayulistya , MEGANTARA Aditya , IBROHİM Mohammad 
Published: September 2019

Background: Periodontitis is an
inflammatory disease of tooth-supporting tissue, caused by the bacterium such
as Porphyromonas gingivalis. Inflammation that not treated can lead to
resorption of alveolar bone. It is suggested that supportive medicines are
needed to regenerate bone, one of them is lemuru fish oil gel (Sardinella longiceps). Lemuru fish oil can act as an immunomodulator and anti-bacterium.
Flavonoid content in fish oil plays a role to inhibit lipid peroxidation so it
is effective in killing bacteria that can reduce LPS production. The content of
eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in lemuru fish oil
lead to modulate IL-10, inhibition the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines
such as interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 β), prostaglandin-E2 (PGE2), tumor necrosis
factor alfa (TNFα) that will decrease receptor activator of nuclear factor
kappa-Β - ligand (RANK-RANKL) band and result is increased osteoblast,
decreased osteoclasts number which speeds up the bone regeneration process Objective: To determine the effect of
topically applying lemuru fish oil in on periodontal Wistar Rats after
induction of Periodontitis with P.gingivalis bacteria. Materials and methods: Experimental research
laboratories with post-test only control group design. Samples of 25 male
Wistar rats divided into 5 groups. K- (no induction), K (induced with P.
gingivalis), P1 (induced with P. gingivalis and 10% lemuru oil gel therapy), P2
(induced with P. gingivalis and 20% lemuru fish oil gel therapy), P3 (induced
with P. gingivalis and 40% lemuru oil
gel therapy). Induction of the bacterium P.gingivalis was carried out, then the
lemuru fish oil gel was given to gingival sulcus for 14 days. Observations were
made by calculating osteoblast and osteoclast cells in histology samples using
HE (Hematoxylin Eosin). Results: The LSD statistic
test showed a significant difference between the P. gingivalis induction group
with no treatment and treatment group using lemuru fish oil. The treatment
using lemuru fish oil gel can increase the number of osteoblasts and decrease
the number of osteoclast to the induction of P.gingivalis bacteria, with the
most effective number of osteoblasts found in P2 group with a concentration of
20% lemuru fish oil gel therapy.

Conclusion: Topical Lemuru Fish
oil gel can be used as alveolar bone regeneration therapy on periodontitis
induced with P.gingivalis.
FACTORES DE RIESGO ASOCIADOS A INFECCIÓN DEL SITIO OPERATORIO POST CESÁREA DEL HOSPITAL NACIONAL EDGARDO REBAGLIATI – 2017.
Authors: Díaz-Quispe Rommy  
Published: September 2019

Objetivo: Identificar los factores de riesgo asociados a infección del sitio operatorio post cesárea del Hospital Nacional Edgardo Rebagliati durante el año 2017.
Materiales y métodos: Estudio observacional, transversal, analítico y retrospectivo con diseño de casos y controles. Se realiza la investigación con 83 casos de post cesareadas con infección del sitio operatorio comparado con 166 controles de post cesareadas sin infección del sitio operatorio. Resultados: En el año 2017, se realizaron 4131 cesáreas, representando el 65% del total de partos, de las cuales 2.69% (111) presentaron infección de sitio operatoria. Se encontró como factor de riesgo a la obesidad (p= 0.00) OR: 5.5 IC 95% [2.3 – 13.2].
Conclusiones: La obesidad es un factor de riesgo para desarrollar infección de sitio operatorio post cesárea. No se halló asociación significativa para la anemia, la ruptura prematura de membranas, el control prenatal insuficiente ni al tiempo quirúrgico mayor de 60 minutos.
Study of the Relationship between Self-Esteem and the English Learning Achievement of Students at SMU Advent Klabat Manado
Authors: Marpaung Marlin Steffi , Wenas Deicy Silvia 
Published: September 2019

The study sought to find out the significant relationship between self-esteem and the English learning achievement of students at SMU Advent Klabat Manado and to know whether it was high or low. Furthermore, this study was also to find out whether there is significant difference between males and females in their level of self-esteem. The subjects of this study were the second-year students of SMU Advent Klabat Manado. There were 50 students who were chosen randomly to become the sample. They were 26 female students and 24 male students. The data were obtained from a self-constructed questionnaire based on Coopersmithâ€™s concept of self-esteem. To answer the main problem of this study, the Pearson r Product Moment Coefficient Correlation formula was used. The result indicated that there is significant relationship between self-esteem and the English learning achievement of students at SMU Advent Klabat Manado. Therefore, the null hypothesis which said there is no significant relationship between self-esteem and the English learning achievement of students at SMU Advent Klabat Manado, was rejected. Moreover, the results showed a significant difference between males and females in their level of self-esteem. It was recommended that English teachers at SMU Advent Klabat Manado should explore more possibilities of serving the students in learning English particularly by cultivating their self-esteem, for it will significantly contributed to their achievement in English. Moreover, English teachers of SMU Advent Klabat Manado should treat the male and female students differently. Since the female students have higher self-esteem than the male, so male, especially, should be encouraged to cultivate their self-esteem so they will gain higher achievement in English. On the other hand, students need to appreciate themselves, and their own ability as the gift of God, for the self-esteem they have contributed to or increase their ability to learn the English language. A study with a broader sample should be done for further study using a similar methodology and instrumentation. Furthermore, future research should replicate this study using other levels such as elementary, junior high school, and college. Â Key words: Self-esteem, English learning, Achievement
A Comparative Study between Presentation, Practice, Productive (PPP) and Artworks Techniques toward the Enhancement of Studentsâ€™ Descriptive Writing Skills
Authors: Silalahi Fransisca Masta 
Published: September 2019

The aim of this study is to find out whether there is any significant difference in enhancing studentsâ€™ descriptive writing skills between students who acquires Presentation, Practice, Production (PPP) and students who acquires Artworks Technique. This is a quantitative study, utilizing comparative design in order to compare different treatments toward studentsâ€™ enhancement in descriptive writing skills. The researcher compares the result through pre-test and post-test. After analyzing the data, the researcher found out after being treated using two techniques: PPP and Artworks, studentsâ€™ skills in descriptive writing is achieved. However, the normalized gain score falls in Low criterion. Aside from that, based on the data analysis there is significant difference between two techniques: PPP and Artworks in enhancing studentsâ€™ descriptive writing skills. In addition to that, the students give positive response after being treated. From the response questionnaire, the mean score falls in High criterion. The scope and delimitations of this study evolve around components of two techniques: PPP and Artworks to provide insights toward enhancing studentsâ€™ ability in writing descriptive text. Â Keywords Presentation Practice Production (PPP), Artworks, Descriptive Writing Skills Â
The Comparison Between START and TAI Models in Improving SMP Studentsâ€™ ReadingComprehension Ability
Authors: Sihombing Triumph , Katemba Caroline Victorine 
Published: September 2019

This study was aimed to see whether there was a significant difference of students' improvements in reading comprehension ability after applying START (Students and teacher Actively Reading Text) and T-A-I (Team Assisted Individualization) models. This study used a quantitative research method and comparative design. The participants of the study were 63 students that were divided of two groups. Class VIIB students were taught through the START model and VIIC students were taught through T-A-I model. The conclusion is: There was an improvement in reading comprehensions ability of students who were taught using START, categorized as moderate and T-A-I cooperative learning models, categorized as low. Moreover, there is a difference in the students reading comprehension improvement between those who acquired START and T-A-I teaching models. Â Keywords: Reading comprehension ability, Narrative Text, Descriptive Text, START, T-A-I, Teaching Model.
Pengaruh sales promotion terhadap impulse buying konsumen
Authors: Zahara Rita 
Published: September 2019

This research is conducted to analyze the influence of sales promotion on impulsive buying at ABC Hypermarket in East Jakarta. The aims of this research is also to know the sales promotion that influence the impulse buying, supporting factors and how the problems take place. The descriptive-verificative method is used in this research. Data collection methods are literature and field studies. Field study covers observation, interview and structural questionnaires. The questionnaires are given to 45 consumers at ABC Hypermarket in East Jakarta. The sistematic sampling is used as sampling technique. Data are analyzed by qualitative analysis and correlation regresion analysis. The analysis confirms that there are influences of sales promotion on impulse buying at ABC Hypermarket in West Jakarta. That is, if sales promotion is carefully done, it will increase impulse buying
Stres peran dan kinerja karyawan: pengujian model hubungan inverted-U
Authors: Hendryadi Hendryadi 
Published: September 2019

The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of role stress (role overload, role ambiguity, and role conflict) on the frontline employees' performance. The study employs a direct survey through a self-administered questionnaire handed out to 132 employees in the restaurant business in Jakarta, Indonesia. Hierarchical Regression Analysis is used to test the hypotheses. The finding of the study shows that the role conflict and role ambiguity affects negatively to the performance, while role overload has a positive effect. The locus of control moderation role is supported in the role of role overload and role ambiguity, but not in the role conflict - performance relationship. The implication for managers is that efforts need to be made to reduce role conflict and role ambiguity because it has negative implications on employee performance. While the excess of roles perceived by employees is maintained at a moderate level to maintain employee performance.
Penerapan Akad Ijarah Pada Produk Pembiayaan Pengurusan Porsi Haji Di KSPPS Kopena Pekalongan Ditinjau Dari Fatwa DSN-MUI
Authors: Fikki Danis Amwalul 
Published: September 2019

Purpose- This study discusses the application of the Ijarah Agreement on Financing Products for the Management of Hajj Portions at KSPPS Kopena Pekalongan Judging from the DSN-MUI Fatwa.
Methods- This research is a type of field research with a type of qualitative approach. The data used in this study are primary data obtained from interviews and secondary data obtained from research at KSPPS Kopena Pekalongan. Data were analyzed descriptively, namely data collected in the form of words, images and not numbers. The method of data collection by interviews, documents, and observations.
Findings- The results of the study show that financing using the ijarah contract has followed the rules of the MUI DSN Fatwa. It can be stated that KSPPS Kopena Pekalongan has implemented the DSN-MUI Fatwa in each of its products and the Sharia Supervisory Board has always exercised strict control over the application of fatwas at the KSPPS Kopena Pekalongan
Implications/limitations - This study is a case study and is only carried out in one agency so that future studies can expand the study area to increase generalization.
Adapun hasil penelitian ini, bahwa pembiayaan ini menggunakan akad ijarah sesuai dengan yang diperintahkan dalam Fatwa DSN MUI. Hal ini sesuai dengan yang disampaikan oleh Dewan Pengawas Syariah KSPPS Kopena Pekalongan. Dari uraian di atas dapat disimpulkan bahwa KSPPS Kopena Pekalongan melaksanakan Fatwa DSN-MUI dalam setiap produknya dan Dewan Pengawas Syariah selalu melakukan kontrol yang ketat terhadap penerapan fatwa di KSPPS Kopena Pekalongan.
CHIME/FRB Detection of the Original Repeating Fast Radio Burst Source FRB 121102
Authors: Josephy A. , Chawla P. , Fonseca E. , Ng C. , Patel C. , Pleunis Z. , Scholz P. , Andersen B. C. , Bandura K. , Bhardwaj M. , Boyce M. M. , Boyle P. J. , Brar C. , Cubranic D. , Dobbs M. , Gaensler B. M. , Gill A. , Giri U. , Good D. C. , Halpern M. , Hinshaw G. , Kaspi V. M. , Landecker T. L. , Lang D. A. , Lin H.-H. , Masui K. W. , Mckinven R. , Mena-Parra J. , Merryfield M. , Michilli D. , Milutinovic N. , Naidu A. , Pen U. , Rafiei-Ravandi M. , Rahman M. , Ransom S. M. , Renard A. , Siegel S. R. , Smith K. M. , Stairs I. H. , Tendulkar S. P. , Vanderlinde K. , Yadav P. , Zwaniga A. V. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
We report the detection of a single burst from the first-discovered repeating fast radio burst (FRB) source, FRB 121102, with the Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment (CHIME) telescope, which operates in the frequency band 400–800 MHz. The detected burst occurred on 2018 November 19 and its emission extends down to at least 600 MHz, the lowest frequency detection of this source yet. The burst, detected with a significance of 23.7σ, has fluence 12 ± 3 Jy ms and shows complex time and frequency morphology. The 34 ms width of the burst is the largest seen for this object at any frequency. We find evidence of subburst structure that drifts downward in frequency at a rate of −3.9 ± 0.2 MHz ms−1. Our best fit tentatively suggests a dispersion measure of 563.6 ± 0.5 pc cm−3, which is ≈ 1% higher than previously measured values. We set an upper limit on the scattering time at 500 MHz of 9.6 ms, which is consistent with expectations from the extrapolation from higher-frequency data. We have exposure to the position of FRB 121102 for a total of 11.3 hr within the FWHM of the synthesized beams at 600 MHz from 2018 July 25 to 2019 February 25. We estimate on the basis of this single event an average burst rate for FRB 121102 of 0.1–10 per day in the 400–800 MHz band for a median fluence threshold of 7 Jy ms in the stated time interval.
Lunar Xenon and the Origin of the Indigenous Component
Authors: Mathew K. J. , Marti K. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Lunar indigenous Xe isotopic abundances provide crucial information on relationships not only between gas reservoirs in the solar protoplanetary disk but also regarding planetary fractionation processes and possible space weather effects due to an active young Sun. The indigenous lunar Xe isotopic composition is not yet firmly established. A verification of previously inferred lunar Xe signatures using rocks of varying compositions from Apollo 16 and 17 missions is made here. Ancient lunar highland rocks carry cosmic-ray-produced spallation and neutron-capture products, fission components due to 244Pu and 238U, as well as terrestrial contamination gas, all complicating the identification of the indigenous lunar Xe component. The present study reveals light and heavy isotopic abundances compatible with terrestrial Xe composition. We conclude that in order to firmly establish indigenous lunar Xe signatures in situ, Xe measurements on the moon in interior samples of anorthositic ejecta from very recent craters should be performed.
Discovery of a Very Hot Phase of the Milky Way Circumgalactic Medium with Non-solar Abundance Ratios
Authors: Das Sanskriti , Mathur Smita , Nicastro Fabrizio , Krongold Yair 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
We present the discovery of a very hot gas phase of the Milky Way circumgalactic medium (CGM) at T ≈ 107 K, using deep XMM-Newton Reflection Grating Spectrometer observations of the blazar 1ES 1553+113. The hot gas, coexisting with a warm-hot phase at T ≈ 106 K is α-enhanced, with

, indicating core-collapse supernovae enrichment. Additionally, we find [Ne/O] and

, such that N/Ne is consistent with solar. Along with the enrichment by asymptotic giant branch stars and core-collapse supernovae, this indicates that some oxygen has depleted onto dust and/or transited to cooler gas phase(s). These results may affect previous baryonic and metallic mass estimations of the warm-hot and hot CGM from the observations of oxygen emission and absorption. Our results provide insights on the heating, mixing, and chemical enrichment of the Milky Way CGM, and provide inputs to theoretical models of galaxy evolution.
Extended Study of Undergraduate Students’ Usage of Mobile Application for Individual Differentiation Learning Support of Lecture-based General Education Subjects
Authors: Nuanmeesri Sumitra 
Published: September 2019

This is an investigation in the development and assessment of a mobile application that was developed for differentiated (Individualized) learning in support of lecture-based general education subjects. The mobile phone application was developed as a learning aid as a substantial number of students were experiencing difficulty in successfully completing these courses. The researcher developed the mobile phone application that contains uploaded course content from each course. This was used to create a summary of the lecture content from each course, in the form of infographics and linked ‘PDF files’ or soft copies of lecture materials. The researcher developed exercises that students could complete which later contributed to self-created content based on their understanding, skills, and interests. With use of the mobile application, 100% of the students successfully completed these courses. Moreover, the level of satisfaction in education among students was high with an average of 4.75. The standard deviation of 0.43 indicated that, concerning contemporary education, and the active learning atmosphere, effective learning can be achieved due to the development of learning innovation in the use of electronic devices, which give opportunities to students to use their creativity in problem solving, as based on their preferences, whilst demonstrating their understanding about lesson content.
FliC’s Hypervariable D3 Domain Is Required for Robust Anti-Flagellin Primary Antibody Responses
Authors: López-Yglesias Américo H , Lu Chun-Chi , Zhao Xiaodan , Chou Tiffany , VandenBos Tim , Strong Roland K , Smith Kelly D 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Bacterial flagellin is a well-known agonist of the innate immune system that induces proinflammatory responses through the TLR5 and Naip5/6 recognition pathways. Several clinical trials investigating flagellin fusion proteins have demonstrated promising results for inducing protective immunity toward influenza virus, which has been largely attributed to flagellin’s ability to activate TLR5. Our laboratory previously demonstrated that the Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium flagellin protein, FliC, induces Ab responses in mice through a third pathway that is independent of TLR5, Casp1/11, and MyD88. In this study, we further define the structural features of FliC that contribute to this unknown third pathway. By destroying the Naip5/6 and TLR5 recognition sites, we demonstrate that neither were required for the TLR5-, inflammasome- and MyD88-independent Ab responses toward FliC. In contrast, deletion of FliC’s D3 or D0/D1 domains eliminated primary anti-flagellin Ab responses. For optimal primary and secondary anti-flagellin Ab responses we show that TLR5, inflammasome recognition, and the D3 domain of FliC are essential for flagellin’s robust immunogenicity. Our data demonstrate that the D3 domain of FliC influences immunogenicity independent of the known innate recognition sites in the D0/D1 domains to augment Ab production. Our results suggest full-length FliC is critical for optimal immunogenicity and Ab responses in flagellin-based vaccines.
Inferring the “Primordial Immune Complex”: Origins of MHC Class I and Antigen Receptors Revealed by Comparative Genomics
Authors: Ohta Yuko , Kasahara Masanori , O’Connor Timothy D. , Flajnik Martin F. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Comparative analyses suggest that the MHC was derived from a prevertebrate “primordial immune complex” (PIC). PIC duplicated twice in the well-studied two rounds of genome-wide duplications (2R) early in vertebrate evolution, generating four MHC paralogous regions (predominantly on human chromosomes [chr] 1, 6, 9, 19). Examining chiefly the amphibian Xenopus laevis, but also other vertebrates, we identified their MHC paralogues and mapped MHC class I, AgR, and “framework” genes. Most class I genes mapped to MHC paralogues, but a cluster of Xenopus MHC class Ib genes (xnc), which previously was mapped outside of the MHC paralogues, was surrounded by genes syntenic to mammalian CD1 genes, a region previously proposed as an MHC paralogue on human chr 1. Thus, this gene block is instead the result of a translocation that we call the translocated part of the MHC paralogous region (MHCtrans). Analyses of Xenopus class I genes, as well as MHCtrans, suggest that class I arose at 1R on the chr 6/19 ancestor. Of great interest are nonrearranging AgR-like genes mapping to three MHC paralogues; thus, PIC clearly contained several AgR precursor loci, predating MHC class I/II. However, all rearranging AgR genes were found on paralogues derived from the chr 19 precursor, suggesting that invasion of a variable (V) exon by the RAG transposon occurred after 2R. We propose models for the evolutionary history of MHC/TCR/Ig and speculate on the dichotomy between the jawless (lamprey and hagfish) and jawed vertebrate adaptive immune systems, as we found genes related to variable lymphocyte receptors also map to MHC paralogues.