bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Solitary Fibrous Tumor of the Pancreas and Inorganic with the Secondary Invasion of the Pancreas (Clinical Cases and the Literature Review)
Authors: Pletneva V. Yu. , Kashtanova N. Yu. , Karmazanovsky G. G. , Stepanova Yu. A. , Kalinin D. V. 
Published: February 2019

Solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) is an extremely rare tumor of the pancreas. The content of stromal tissue in the pancreas is insignificant, this fact explains the extremely rare occurrence of mesenchymal tumors (less than 1% of pancreatic neoplasms). It has been described only 16 such cases in the world literature.A clinical case of solitary fibrous tumor of the pancreatic head of a man 43 years old, illustrating the difficulty of diagnosis is presents in the article/ In order to emphasize difficulties in diagnostics we introduce you another clinical case of extrapleural solitary fibrous tumors of the retroperitoneal space of a woman 63 years old.Pancreatic SFT and NEN cannot be reliably differentiated on the basis of lesion structure and contrast medium uptake. However, in most cases SFT will progradiently enhance due to abundant collagen stroma, leading to marked difference between delayed-phase images of SFT and NEN with cystic degeneration. SFT is a rare tumour and radiologist should be aware of its characteristics, particularly in the setting of NEN with cystic degeneration or atypical contrast uptake.
“Ultrafast” Multispiral Computer Tomographic Angiography of Aorta: Current Reality and Perspectives
Authors: Khovrin V. V. , Galyan T. N. , Malakhova M. V. , Khachatrian Z. R. , Charchian E. R. 
Published: February 2019

Objective: to carried out the comparison of the data of MDCT of the patients, undergoing screening using the standard protocol MDCT aortography and FLASH “fast” protocol of scanning. It is discussed the possibility of the reduction of the injected amount of the contrast agent for “fast” aortography.Materials and methods. The aorta examinations of 101 patients (69 men (68%) and 32 women (32%); the average age ± the standard deviation – 56.34 ± 11.5 years) were analyzed. The examinations have been carried out on MDCT with two sources of Х-ray (DSCT); 48 patients have been undergone the examination using “fast” FLASH scanning. It has been compared the scanning time, the length of the examination zone and ED (Effective Dose) load calculated for the groups for the standard and “fast” MDCT aortography.Results. CDTIvol and DLP values were statistically proved lower (p < 0.001) at the examination of the patients that had been undergone “fast” protocol of scanning FLASH. The average ED was considerably lower in this group of the patients in comparison with the patients that had been examined using standard protocol (4.36 ± 1.69 mSv and 15.12 ± 4.62 mSv, р < 0.001). Without the reliable difference in the length of the examination zone in groups (42.91 ± 3.23 cm and 43.68 ± 2.66 cm, p = 0.55), the duration of the examination of MDCT aorta was considerably lower in the second group (9.29 ± 0.85s and 1.93 ± 0.12 s, p < 0.001). Conclusion. The method of the superfast aorta МDCT make it possible to reduce ED and the amount of the injected contrast agent at the examination of the vast zone. At the same time, qualitative and quantitative analysis of the MDCT remains high.
Follow-Up of Changes in Myocardial Structure in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure, Assessed with Contrast-Enhanced MRI
Authors: Shelkovnikova T. A. , Rogovskaya Y. V. , Aptekar V. D. , Maksimova A. S. , Usov V. Yu. 
Published: February 2019

The purpose:to follow-up the pathological changes in the cardiac muscle using contrast-enhanced MRI (in comparison with endomyocardial biopsy), in patients with chronic heart failure due to dilated cardiomyopathy.Materials and methods.This study comprised 29 pa tients (as 51.1 ± 11.03 years old). Everybody underwent cardiac contrast- enhanced MRI, at admission and in 6 month, the endomyocardial biopsy was carried out in 19 patients.Results.Myocarditis with different degrees of activity was revealed in 14 patients, from the results of a histological examination of the cardiac muscle. The patients were assembled to two groups, depending on the severity of the inflammatory changes; the data were compared with the results of the endomyocardial biopsy. In the group of patients with a moderate degree of activity of the inflammatory process, myocardial fibrosis prevailed, in the group of patients with pronounced activity it was oedema, with a relatively smaller volume of myocardial fibrosis. In six months of monitoring, the number of pathologically altered segments of the myocardium increased (from 2.7 ± 1.7 to 3.05 ± 1.7) and the thickness of the paramagnetic contrast uptake to the cardiac muscle also increased (from 4.4 ± 1.4 to 4.8 ± 1.9 mm), despite the specific therapy kept carried out this time. Conclusion.The development of dilated cardiomyopathy and chronic heart failure, in a significant number of cases causes of inflammatory changes in the myocardium, followed by manifestation of dilated cardiomyopathy, and the progression of fibrotic changes in the myocardium was observed even after elimination of the causative agent.
Intravascular Ultrasound Studies and the Vulnerable Atherosclerotic Plaque (Literature Review)
Authors: Kochergin N. A. , Kochergina A. M. 
Published: February 2019

The vulnerable plaque is an atherosclerotic plaque which can lead to thrombosis of a coronary artery with development of an acute coronary syndrome. Most myocardial infarctions occur in people with average levels of risk factors and thrombosis mostly originate from lesions that are less severely narrowed. Thus, in most cases, these plaques are clinically silent before the “unheralded” acute event and would not be considered eligible for preventive treatment based on current guidelines. The main question is to identify thrombosis-prone “vulnerable” plaques before they rupture or become destabilized. IVUS is a useful tool in identifying high risk plaque features and vulnerable lesions in patients.
Clinical and Radiographic Correlation (According to CT) in Patients with Degenerative Lumbar Spinal Stenosis
Authors: Mlyavykh S. G. , Aleynik A. Y. , Bokov A. E. , Rasteryaeva M. V. , Kutlaeva M. A. 
Published: February 2019

Сomputed tomography (CT) is widely used in the diagnosis of degenerative pathology of the lumbar spine, but the relationship between clinical manifestations of lumbar stenosis and its anatomical prerequisites has not been sufficiently studied to date.The objective: to determine the significance of the morphometric parameters of lumbar stenosis according to CT scans and to establish their relationship with the prevailing symptoms of the disease.Material and methods. Seventy-five consecutive patients with clinically significant lumbar stenosis who underwent CT scan before surgery were enrolled in this study. The average values of thirteen different morphometric parameters were calculated at LIII–SI levels of the intervertebral discs and of the pedicels in the axial and sagittal views. The possibility of classification of clinical observations and the correlation of morphometric parameters with the clinical forms of lumbar stenosis were investigated using discriminant and logistic regression analysis. Results. CT scan with high probability allocates patients with predominant symptoms of neurogenic claudication or bilateral radiculopathy. The most significant morphometric predictors of this clinical group are the depth of the lateral recesses and the cross-sectional area of the spinal canal.Conclusion. CT scan significantly expands the informative value of magnetic resonance imaging and can be used in planning the decompressive stage of the surgery intervention in patients with lumbar spinal canal stenosis.
PET/CT with 18F-Fluoroethyl-L-Tyrosine in Diagnosis of Radiation Necrosis of the Temporal Lobe after Radiotherapy for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma (Clinical Case)
Authors: Lyuosev A. S. , Dolgushin M. B. , Pronin A. I. , Nazarenko A. V. , Meshcheriakova N. A. , Nevzorov D. I. , Alieva S. B. 
Published: February 2019

Clinical case of the patient with nasopharyngeal carcinomaafter stereotactic radiosurgical treatment for the persistent disease after chemoradiotherapyare presented. The diagnostic data of PET/CTwith 18F-Fluoroethyl-Ltyrosine (18F-FET)and MRI with intravenous contrastof head and neck were included in analysis. There was analyzeda clinical case of differential diagnosis of changes in thetemporal lobe of the brain after stereotactic radiation therapy of nasopharyngeal carcinoma using PET/CT with 18F-FET. Identified high diagnostic accuracy in the differential diagnosis of delayed changes in the brain (tumor or radiation necrosis) after radiation therapy ofnasopharyngeal carcinoma.
A new Method of Quantitative Estimation of Radiation-Induced Lung Damage in Oncological Patients on the CT in Dynamics
Authors: Nudnov N. V. , Sotnikov V. M. , Ledenev V. V. 
Published: February 2019

Objective: to develop a methodology for quantitative assessment of changes in density parameters of pulmonary tissue on the basis of dynamic CT data, which makes it possible to assess the presence of the dependence of changes in lung tissue on the time elapsed after radiation therapy (RT), the dose and volume of irradiated pulmonary tissue.Materials and methods. Using the data collected by 11 patients with malignant lymphomas, we developed a new diagnostic technique for quantitative analysis, which is based on the analysis of the density of pulmonary tissue before and after RT in areas with a selected range of doses throughout the lung volume. All selected patients received LT in the chest region, using 3D-planning, fractions of 2Gy and total focal doses of 13–56 Gy. Also, each patient had at least two CT examinations (a total of 25 studies in the Dicom- format). The first CT scan was performed before LT, repeated – within 2–7 months after the end of RT.Results. In 6 patients, control CT examinations were performed 2.1–2.8 months after RT. As a result, a quantitative increase in the density indices in the range from +12 to +62 HU in regions of the lungs irradiated at a dose of more than 19 Gy was noted, different from the control areas. The volume of these areas of the lungs was from 16% to 30% of the total lung volume, and the volume of regions with the maximum values of density growth – from 7% to 14%. These changes in density are below the “visual” threshold. In control areas, the density change varied from −15 HU (increased airiness) to + 8 HU. According to the data of other CT studies performed later than 3 months after RT, the reverse development of changes characterizing the early radiation reaction was observed.Conclusions. A series of CT studies performed before and at various intervals after RT allows quantitative assessment of the dynamics of the indices of the density of irradiated pulmonary tissue, which is necessary for an objective assessment of the severity of early radiation-induced injuries of pulmonary tissue sites, depending on the dose. A study of the dynamics of these changes in pulmonary tissue density over time with RT and the connection of this indicator with the baseline data may allow one to predict radiation-induced damage to the lungs on the one hand, and on the other, to evaluate individual radiosensitivity.
Dynamic Phantom for Flow Model in Magnetic Resonance Angiography
Authors: Petraikin A. V. , Sergunova K. A. , Semenov D. S. , Akhmad E. S. , Kim S. Yu. , Gromov A. I. , Morozov S. P. 
Published: February 2019

Purpose. To develop phantom for flow modeling in magnetic resonance angiography (MRA): relative contrast assessment, accuracy of the linear velocity and volumetric flow, what improve accuracy of diagnostic in cardiac and neurosurgical clinics (quality assessment of blood and cerebrospinal fluid motion). To compare scanners of different manufactures in points of the MRA efficiency using the developed phantom.Materials and methods. The main part of dynamic phantom consists of a disc filled with agarose gel (for linear and volumetric velocity control) and silicone tubes for fluid flow modelling. MR study was performed at MRI units of two manufactures for comparing quantitative assessments of MRA sequences: 2DTOF, 3DTOF, and at three MRI units of one firm for estimated accuracy calibration curve calculating and linear velocity and volumetric flow determination for PC MRA. Phantom study well correlate with clinical MRA results.Results. Obtained phantom scanning results in 2DTOF, 3DTOF sequences allow for objective comparing two MRI units of different manufactures. For 2DTOF mode was showed more effective signal enhancement affected by TOF effect for scanner of manufacture 2, then manufacture 1: 8.86 ± 0.88 и 6.07 ± 0.03 corresponding. For 3DTOF was observed rather more inflow relative contrast affected by TOF effect for scanner of manufacture 1: 6.06 ± 0.47 and 3.17 ± 0.83 corresponding. However, for manufacture 1 was showed more significant signal suppression for fat tissue, which improve vasculature visualization. Accuracy linear velocity fluid flow measurement in 2DPC is equal to ±2σ = ±0,4 by five pixels for three scanners of one manufacture. Using developed phantom was modelled MRA effects in 3DPC and Time-SLIP modes.Conclusions. The developed dynamic phantom can be used for calibration tests in MRA. The case of MRI units of two manufactures were compared quantitative assessments of MRA sequences and analyzed methods of enhancement fluid flow signal.
EVALUATION OF NEW ULTRASOUND METHODS FOR QUANTIFYING THE FLUID IN THE PLEURAL CAVITY
Authors: Bazylev V. V. , Babukov R. M. , Fatkabrarova A. M. , Bartosh F. L. 
Published: February 2019

Purpose: to determine accuracy of applying the new quantitative assessment methodology for liquid in the pleural cavity.Materials and methods. The research encompassed 296 patients who underwent surgeries at Federal Center of Cardiovascular Surgery (Penza, Russia) with assisted blood circulation from 2015 to 2017. All the patients had ultrasonic examinations of the pleural cavities that identified the full volume of the liquid component in the pleural cavity, shaped elliptically, with further calculation of the volume with the disk test EDV (Dmax × Lmax × 3.42) – 6.44. The research data was processed with the demo software SPSS Statistics (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences). In order to compare the two methods of assessing the pleural effusionvolume resulting from the pleural puncture, we applied the Bland-Altman comparison method and Pearson correlation coefficient. A difference and a mean difference (M difference) were calculated for each pair of measurements; a standard difference deviation (SD difference) was specified with further verification of the assumption that M difference differed from 0. For this purpose, the sampling mean was compared with the speculative general mean, as tested with Student’s t – distribution.Results. While determining potential connection between the findings of liquidquantity ultrasonic measurement and the actual volume after pleural cavity puncture, the equation of linear regression found a strong linear connection between them with R2 equal to 0.85 p < 0.001). Comparison of the liquid volume by the Bland-Altman method did not find difference in the liquid volume either: all the measurements are within 2SD difference of those parameters, which proves congruity of those methods. When the sampling mean was compared with the speculative general mean, as tested with Student’s t – distribution, no reliable differences (p = 0.52) were identified.Conclusion. Development of this methodology proves to be justified by the fact that there are often cases in the postsurgery cardiosurgical and thoracic practice when the pleural effusion volume should be measured quickly and rather accurately and assessed in dynamics.
ТRUE CYSTS OF THE SPLEEN IN TWINS
Authors: Stepanova Yu. A. , Ionkin D. A. , Alimurzaeva M. Z. , Glotov A. V. 
Published: February 2019

Splenic cysts are rare. Most true (congenital) splenic cysts are epithelial in origin and have embryonic inclusion of epithelial cells from adjacent structures. Congenital spleen cysts are also called epidermoid or epithelial cysts. They form when there is an invagination of the mesothelium-lined splenic capsule during development. The lining is pluripotential and may undergo metaplastic changes and fluid accumulation with resultant cyst expansion. We present our own clinical case of the true spleen cysts in twins. Both patients did’t have any complains. In one of the twins, the lesion was up to 85.0 mm in diameter, localized in the spleen gates and squeezed the spleen vascular pedicle, which necessitated the surgical treatment. In the second twin, the cyst also localized in the spleen gates, however, it was of minor dimensions and, there was no growth at dynamic monitoring at the present time.
CT and MRI imaging of glomus tumors of the temporal bone
Authors: Stepanova E. A. , Vishnyakova М. V. , Sambulov V. I. , Mukhamedov I. Т. 
Published: February 2019

Glomus tumor is one of the most common temporal bone tumors. Most of them are benign and locally invasive, some are occasionally able to metastasize and have signs of malignancy. Diagnostic imaging is necessary before treatment. Computer tomography (CT) is traditionally used as a primary method of diagnosis, to recognize changes in the temporal bone. Role of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in temporal bone tumor diagnosis is not definitively determined.Purpose. To assess the possibilities of computer and magnetic resonance tomography, to develop an algorithm for the application of diagnostic imaging methods in the diagnosis of glomus tumors of the temporal bone.Material and methods. The article presents the experience of diagnosing 30 patients with glomus tumors.Results. The tympanic form of the glomus tumor was observed in 11 cases (37%), tympano-yugular in 19 cases (63%). CT and MRI data totally coincided in cases of small tumors (type A and B). In the presence of extended forms CT ability of assessing bone invasion, involvement of the internal carotid artery, internal jugular vein, and dural sinuses was lower than the MRI.
Prediction of superresponse to cardiac resynchronisation therapy in patients with congestive heart failure
Authors: Soldatova A. M. , Kuznetsov V. A. , Krinochkin D. V. , Enina T. N. , Shirokov N. E. 
Published: February 2019

The aim.To evaluate clinical, morphological, functional features and mortality in patients with congestive heart failure (CHF) and super-response to cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT), to assess presence and severity of mechanical dyssynchrony in patients with super-response and to find potential predictors of super-response to CRT.Methods.106 CRT patients (mean age 54.7 ± 9.9 years; 83% men) with CHF II–IV NYHA functional class were enrolled for the study. At baseline and each 6 months after implantation clinical, electrocardiographic and echocardiographic parameters, NT-proBNP level were evaluated. According to the best decrease of left ventricular endsystolic volume (LVESV) (mean follow-up period 34.9 ± 16.1 months) patients were classified as super-responders (SR) (n = 45; reduction in LVESV ≥30%) and non-SR (n = 61; reduction in LVESV <30%).Results.At baseline groups were matched for main clinical characteristics. The proportion of patients with atrial fibrillation, width of the QRS complex, and the presence of left bundle-branch block were comparable between groups. Parameters of mechanical dyssynchrony were higher in SR: left ventricular pre-ejection period (LVPEP) (153.0 ± 35.9 ms vs 126.6 ± 35.1 ms; р = 0.005), interventricular mechanical delay (55.9 ± 30.8 ms vs 40.4 ± 29.9 ms; р = 0.049), systolic dyssynchrony index (9.6 ± 2.6% vs 7.2 ± 0.7%; р = 0.048). NT-proBNP level was lower in SR. SR demonstrated better dynamics of LVESV, LVEF. At baseline and in dynamics level of NT-proBNP was lower in SR. In both groups NT-proBNP decreased significantly, but reduction of NT-proBNP was more evident in SR. The survival rates were 100%in SR and 83.6% in non-SR (log rank test p = 0.002).According to multiple logistic regression analysis LVPEP (HR 1.025; 95% CI 1.006–1.044; p = 0.010) and baseline NT-proBNP level (HR 0.624; 95% CI 0.426–0.913; p = 0.015) were independent predictors for CRT super-response with sensitivity 71.9% and specificity 78.6%.Conclusion.In patients with CHF greater mechanical dyssynchrony and lower level of NT-proBNP are associated with CRT super-response. SR demonstrate better survival and better dynamics of functional parameters in long-term period. LVPEP and NT-proBNP level can be used as independent predictors of CRT super-response.
Value of radiographic measurements in depiction of glenohumeral and acromial anatomical changes in patients with subacromial impingement syndrome and rotator cuff tears
Authors: Gazhonova V. E. , Bachurina Е. M. , Emelianenko M. V. , Popova I. E. , Soina T. A. , Kurnosova I. M. 
Published: February 2019

The purpose.Optimization of radiographic study of the shoulder in patients with SIS and estimation of the clinical value of radiographic measurements in SIS diagnosis and rotator cuff tears (RCT).Materials and methods.128 patients with a painful shoulder (67 women, 61 men), mean age 57.3 ± 12.8 y.o. and 35 patients without shoulder pain mean age 56 ± 10.4 y.o. underwent a complex study including radiography, MRI, MDCTor MR-arthrography, arthroscopy. Special angles and distances were estimated on a Radiographic Work Station by 2 radiologists (acromion tilt (AT), acromion slope, inferior acromion protrusion, acromio-humeral distance, acromio-humeral index, critical shoulder angle (CSA), lateral acromion angle, transverse acromion angle). Mean values of these parameters were compared between patients with SIS and control group, and between patients with RCT and without . Test-retest reproducibility and inter rater agreement were calculated with Kohen’s kappa. Diagnostic value of the most informative parameters was compared with estimation of AUC under the ROC curve.Results.CSA and AT demonstrated independence with age and excellent test-retest reproducibility. In SIS patients mean values of CSA were statistically higher (35.78 ± 4.64°), AT values – lower (25.90 ± 4.27°), then in controls. In all patients with CSA more then 35, the frequency of RCT was 74%. In patients with RCT were detected higher values of CSA (36.70 ± 2.61°) and lower values of AT (23.67 ± 3.07°), then in patients without tears. Lateral acromion angle (acromion type) demonstrated correlation with patient’s age and moderate reproducibility in test-retest studies.Conclusion.AT (measured on the outlet X-ray view) and CSA (measured in direct views) could be recommended for clinical use for evaluation of patients with SIS and prognosing RCT.