bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Creating Broader Research Impacts through Boundary Organizations
Authors: Franklin Aimee L. , Grossman Athena , Le Jennifer , Shafer Mark 
Published: September 2018

AbstractClimate science research documents and predicts changes in the physical environment. This information informs policy decisions and public programs through the design of human interventions that promote adaptive management. Since the early 2000s, federal funding has led to the creation of transdisciplinary regional climate workgroups to facilitate integrative knowledge coproduction and promote shared use of research results by scientific and nonscientific stakeholders. Labeled “boundary organizations,” these workgroups are tasked with facilitating partnerships between climate science researchers and practitioners with expertise in multiple physical and social science disciplines. When these organizations are successful, scientific findings and practitioner experiences are integrated to synergistically create usable knowledge about adaptive management that provides direct public value and creates broader societal impacts. This article explores the broader impacts provided by these boundary organizations through the establishment of regional research agendas and the communication of research results in ways that influence regional public policy and promote adaptive management.
The culture of risk regulation: Responses to environmental disasters
Authors: Parrado Salvador 
Published: September 2018

AbstractDisasters challenge the equilibrium of regulatory regimes and make policy shifts more likely. Using an institutional theory of cultural biases and the concept of cultural “surprise”, this article analyses the direction and intensity of media argumentation in respect of policy shifts. Instead of assuming a demand for greater State intervention after dramatic focusing events, as suggested by other theoretical frames, cultural theory opens a variety of options that range from embracing regulatory responses from different cultural biases to the radicalization of current, but failing, instruments. The analysis of media reaction to the environmental disasters caused by the oil spills of Exxon Valdez (United States), Erika (France) and Prestige (Spain) shows that the demand for more hierarchy does not monopolize the overall argumentation. The change demanded often implies a radicalization of a particular prevalent view where the associated institutional setting is failing its supporters.
Análisis de los eventos adversos en el área de rehabilitación oral de la Facultad de Odontología de la Pontificia Universidad Javeriana Bogotá
Authors: Pérez Gómez Wendy , Pita Bejarano Alejandra María , Ramos Vargas Carlos Alberto , González Moncada Juliana , Güiza Cristancho Edgar Humberto , Rodríguez Ciódaro Adriana 
Published: September 2018

Antecedentes: Uno de los mecanismos para garantizar la calidad de la atención en salud es el análisis de los eventos adversos. El área de la rehabilitación oral es una de las más propensas dada la complejidad de sus procedimientos. Objetivo: Analizar los eventos adversos que se presentaron en la clínica del posgrado de rehabilitación oral de la Facultad de Odontología de la Pontificia Universidad Javeriana durante 2013. Métodos: De 595 historias clínicas correspondiente a todos los pacientes que finalizaron su tratamiento en 2013, 590 cumplió con el requisito de estar firmadas por el paciente y por el profesor. A partir de las historias que contenían algún reporte de evento adverso, se registraron los datos demográficos de los pacientes, el tipo de los eventos adversos reportados, las posibles causas que los ocasionaron y si eran o no prevenibles. Resultados: En 36 (6,1 %) de las historias clínicas analizadas se encontró algún reporte de evento adverso. El evento más frecuente fue la pérdida de la restauración (42 %). La causa más frecuente fue la fractura completa de la restauración (19 %). El 58 % se consideró evento adverso prevenible. En el 61,1 % de los casos el tipo de prótesis afectada fueron las fijas dentorretenidas. Conclusiones: La frecuencia de eventos adversos reportada en las historias clínicas de pacientes atendidos en el área de rehabilitación es baja. Teniendo en cuenta su característica de prevenible, es importante registrarlos y analizarlos para asegurar la calidad en la atención de los pacientes.
Evaluación de la superficie del esmalte luego de la descementación de brackets metálicos. Revisión sistemática / Enamel Surface Assessment after Metallic Bracket Debonding. A Systematic Review
Authors: Arboleda Ariza Nicolás , Wasserman Milhem Isaac , Reina Velosa Diana Katherina , Quintero Quinche Ingrid 
Published: September 2018

RESUMEN. Antecedentes: A través del tiempo se han propuesto diferentes técnicas para realizar la remoción del adhesivo y resina remanentes luego de retirar los brackets, pero no existe un consenso entre los diferentes autores. Objetivo: el propósito de esta revisión sistemática fue identificar cuál es la técnica más adecuada para evitar injuria al esmalte durante la remoción de la resina remanente después de retirados los brackets. Métodos: Esta revisión sistemática se basó en los lineamientos de PRISMA, Para recolectar la evidencia publicada se realizó una búsqueda electrónica en diferentes bases de datos. Resultados: Se encontraron 8 artículos con una evidencia media (> de 9) los cuales fueron considerados en esta revisión sistemática. Al parecer la remoción de resina y adhesivo remanentes con ultrasonido, fresa de carburo de tungsteno de alta velocidad y piedras blancas generan la mayor pérdida de esmalte, mientras que 6 artículos proponen la fresa de tungsteno de baja velocidad como la mejor técnica. Conclusiones: Se requieren estudios aleatorizados, con grupo control, doble-ciego y una técnica de análisis del esmalte estandarizada para poder generar un nivel de evidencia alto y dar recomendaciones más acertadas para el clínico.ABSTRACT. Background: Over time different techniques have been proposed for the removal of the remaining adhesive and resin after the removal of brackets, but there is no consensus among authors. Objective: Evaluate the most appropriate technique to prevent injury to the enamel during the removal of the remaining resin after the brackets are removed. Methods: This systematic review is based on the guidelines of PRISMA, to collect the published evidence there was a various electronic databases search. Results: There were only 8 items with medium evidence (> 9) which were considered in this systematic review. Apparently removing remaining adhesive resin with ultrasound, tungsten carbide cutter high speed and white stones generate the greatest loss of enamel, while 6 articles propose the tungsten bur at low speed as the best technique. Conclusions: Randomized studies with control group, double-blind and a standardized technique of enamel analysis are required to generate a high level of evidence and give more accurate recommendations for clinicians.
Historias de migrantes y sus razones para la emigración: guatemaltecos en movimiento
Authors: Spohn Monica 
Published: September 2018

Este estudio instrumental de caso único está diseñado para conocer los motivos que tienen los migrantes para emigrar, en el marco de los desafíos y las oportunidades existentes en Guatemala, su país de procedencia. Se entrevistó a ocho emigrantes (dos mujeres y seis hombres) para comprender mejor sus experiencias personales y también para analizar el papel que tienen la Agencia de los Estados Unidos para el Desarrollo Internacional (USAID, por sus siglas en inglés), el Tratado de Libre Comercio entre Estados Unidos y Centroamérica (CAFTA, por sus siglas en inglés) y las condiciones internas de Guatemala en las decisiones que tomaron los participantes de emigrar a los EE.UU. El estudio estuvo guiado por las siguientes preguntas centrales: (1) ¿Cómo explican los emigrantes sus razones para salir de su país? (2) ¿De qué manera las condiciones internas de Guatemala motivan la emigración? (3) Y ¿de qué manera se relacionan estas razones con las políticas de los EE. UU., si están relacionadas? Los datos se obtuvieron de varias fuentes. Las publicaciones sobre la historia de Guatemala y las inversiones e impactos actuales del USAID ayudan a comprender el contexto que existe en Guatemala por el que ocurre la emigración, asimismo, las entrevistas con los emigrantes en los EE.UU. y Guatemala proporcionan datos sobre las experiencias personales en cuanto a la emigración. Los principales resultados obtenidos fueron que las grandes dificultades económicas y la falta de oportunidades fueron las razones por las que los emigrantes decidieron irse a los EE.UU. Ninguno de los participantes, salvo uno de ellos, recibió asistencia y esta no influyó en la decisión de emigrar de dicha persona. La mitad de los participantes indicó que no hubiese emigrado si los programas de desarrollo les hubieran ofrecido oportunidades educativas y laborales.
The coverage of continuum of care in maternal, newborn and child health: a cross-sectional study of woman-child pairs in Ghana
Authors: Shibanuma Akira , Yeji Francis , Okawa Sumiyo , Mahama Emmanuel , Kikuchi Kimiyo , Narh Clement , Enuameh Yeetey , Nanishi Keiko , Oduro Abraham , Owusu-Agyei Seth , Gyapong Margaret , Asare Gloria Quansah , Yasuoka Junko , Ansah Evelyn Korkor , Hodgson Abraham , Jimba Masamine 
Published: September 2018

IntroductionThe continuum of care has recently received attention in maternal, newborn and child health. It can be an effective policy framework to ensure that every woman and child receives timely and appropriate services throughout the continuum. However, a commonly used measurement does not evaluate if a pair of woman and child complies with the continuum of care. This study assessed the continuum of care based on two measurements: continuous visits to health facilities (measurement 1) and receiving key components of services (measurement 2). It also explored individual-level and area-level factors associated with the continuum of care achievement and then investigated how the continuum of care differed across areas.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study in Ghana in 2013, the continuum of care achievement and other characteristics of 1401 pairs of randomly selected women and children were collected. Multilevel logistic regression was used to estimate the factors associated with the continuum of care and its divergence across 22 areas.ResultsThroughout the pregnancy, delivery and post-delivery stages, 7.9% of women and children achieved the continuum of care through continuous visits to health facilities (measurement 1). Meanwhile, 10.3% achieved the continuum of care by receiving all key components of maternal, newborn and child health services (measurement 2). Only 1.8% of them achieved it under both measurements. Women and children from wealthier households were more likely to achieve the continuum of care under both measurements. Women’s education and complications were associated with higher continuum of care services-based achievement. Variance of a random intercept was larger in the continuum of care services-based model than the visit-based model.ConclusionsMost women and children failed to achieve the continuum of care in maternal, newborn and child health. Those who consistently visited health facilities did not necessarily receive key components of services.
Determining environmental and anthropogenic factors which explain the global distribution ofAedes aegyptiandAe. albopictus
Authors: Dickens Borame Lee , Sun Haoyang , Jit Mark , Cook Alex R , Carrasco Luis Roman 
Published: September 2018

BackgroundResponsible for considerable global human morbidity and mortality,Aedes aegyptiandAe. albopictusare the primary vectors of several important human diseases, including dengue and yellow fever. Although numerous variables that affect mosquito survival and reproduction have been recorded at the local and regional scales, many remain untested at the global level, potentially confounding mapping efforts to date.MethodsWe develop a modelling ensemble of boosted regression trees and maximum entropy models using sets of variables previously untested at the global level to examine their performance in predicting the global distribution of these two vectors. The results show that accessibility, absolute humidity and annual minimum temperature are consistently the strongest predictors of mosquito presence. Both vectors are similar in their response to accessibility and humidity, but exhibit individual profiles for temperature. Their mapped ranges are therefore similar except at peripheral latitudes, where the range ofAe. albopictusextends further, a finding consistent with ongoing trapping studies. We show that variables previously identified as being relevant, including maximum and mean temperatures, enhanced vegetation index, relative humidity and population density, are comparatively weak performers.ResultsThe variables identified represent three key biological mechanisms. Cold tolerance is a critical biological parameter, controlling both species’ distribution northwards, and to a lesser degree forAe. albopictuswhich has consequent greater inland suitability in North America, Europe and East Asia. Absolute humidity restricts the distribution of both vectors from drier areas, where moisture availability is very low, and increases their suitability in coastal areas. The latter is exacerbated by accessibility with increased likelihood of vector importation due to greater potential for human and trade movement.ConclusionAccessibility, absolute humidity and annual minimum temperatures were the strongest and most robust global predictors ofAe. aegyptiandAe. albopictuspresence, which should be considered in control efforts and future distribution projections.
Factors hindering the adherence to clinical practice guideline for diabetes mellitus in the Palestinian primary healthcare clinics: a qualitative study
Authors: Radwan Mahmoud , Akbari Sari Ali , Rashidian Arash , Takian Amirhossein , Elsous Aymen , Abou-Dagga Sanaa 
Published: September 2018

ObjectiveDespite a high number of the internationally produced and implemented clinical guidelines, the adherence with them is still low in healthcare. This study aimed at exploring the perspectives and experiences of senior doctors and nurses towards the barriers of adherence to diabetes guideline.SettingThe Palestinian Primary Health Care-Ministry of Health (PHC-MoH) and Primary Health Care-United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (PHC- UNRWA) in Gaza Strip.ParticipantsIndividual face-to-face in-depth interviews were conducted with 20 senior doctors and nurses who were purposefully selected.MethodsQualitative design was employed using the theoretical framework by Cabanaet alto develop an interview guide. Semi-structural and audio-recorded interviews were conducted. Data were transcribed verbatim and thematically analysed.ResultsThe key theme barriers identified by participants that emerged from the analysed data were in regard of the PHC-MoH lack reimbursement, lack of resources and lack of the guideline trustworthiness, and in regard of PHC-UNRWA the time constraints and the lack of the guideline trustworthiness. The two key subthemes elicited from the qualitative analysis were the outdated guideline and lack of auditing and feedback.ConclusionThe analysis identified a wide range of barriers against the adherence to diabetes guideline within the PHC-MoH and PHC-UNRWA. The environmental-related and guideline-related barriers were the most prominent factors influencing the guideline adherence. Our study can inform the policy makers and senior managers to develop a tailored interventions that can target the elicited barriers through a multifaceted implementation strategy.
HORMAD1 Is a Negative Prognostic Indicator in Lung Adenocarcinoma and Specifies Resistance to Oxidative and Genotoxic Stress
Authors: Nichols Brandt A. , Oswald Nathaniel W. , McMillan Elizabeth A. , McGlynn Kathleen , Yan Jingsheng , Kim Min S. , Saha Janapriya , Mallipeddi Prema L. , LaDuke Sydnie A. , Villalobos Pamela A. , Rodriguez-Canales Jaime , Wistuba Ignacio I. , Posner Bruce A. , Davis Anthony J. , Minna John D. , MacMillan John B. , Whitehurst Angelique W. 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Cancer testis antigens (CTA) are expressed in testis and placenta and anomalously activated in a variety of tumors. The mechanistic contribution of CTAs to neoplastic phenotypes remains largely unknown. Using a chemigenomics approach, we find that the CTA HORMAD1 correlates with resistance to the mitochondrial complex I inhibitor piericidin A in non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Resistance was due to a reductive intracellular environment that attenuated the accumulation of free radicals. In human lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) tumors, patients expressing high HORMAD1 exhibited elevated mutational burden and reduced survival. HORMAD1 tumors were enriched for genes essential for homologous recombination (HR), and HORMAD1 promoted RAD51-filament formation, but not DNA resection, during HR. Accordingly, HORMAD1 loss enhanced sensitivity to γ-irradiation and PARP inhibition, and HORMAD1 depletion significantly reduced tumor growth in vivo. These results suggest that HORMAD1 expression specifies a novel subtype of LUAD, which has adapted to mitigate DNA damage. In this setting, HORMAD1 could represent a direct target for intervention to enhance sensitivity to DNA-damaging agents or as an immunotherapeutic target in patients.
Significance: This study uses a chemigenomics approach to demonstrate that anomalous expression of the CTA HORMAD1 specifies resistance to oxidative stress and promotes HR to support tumor cell survival in NSCLC. Cancer Res; 78(21); 6196–208. ©2018 AACR.
Lobular Carcinomas In Situ Display Intralesion Genetic Heterogeneity and Clonal Evolution in the Progression to Invasive Lobular Carcinoma
Authors: Lee Ju Youn , Schizas Michail , Geyer Felipe C. , Selenica Pier , Piscuoglio Salvatore , Sakr Rita A. , Ng Charlotte K.Y. , Carniello Jose V. Scarpa , Towers Russell , Giri Dilip D. , de Andrade Victor P. , Papanastasiou Anastasios D. , Viale Agnes , Harris Reuben S. , Solit David B. , Weigelt Britta , Reis-Filho Jorge S. , King Tari A. 
Published: September 2018

Abstract

Purpose:
Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) is a preinvasive lesion of the breast. We sought to define its genomic landscape, whether intralesion genetic heterogeneity is present in LCIS, and the clonal relatedness between LCIS and invasive breast cancers.
Experimental Design: We reanalyzed whole-exome sequencing (WES) data and performed a targeted amplicon sequencing validation of mutations identified in 43 LCIS and 27 synchronous more clinically advanced lesions from 24 patients [9 ductal carcinomas in situ (DCIS), 13 invasive lobular carcinomas (ILC), and 5 invasive ductal carcinomas (IDC)]. Somatic genetic alterations, mutational signatures, clonal composition, and phylogenetic trees were defined using validated computational methods.

Results:
WES of 43 LCIS lesions revealed a genomic profile similar to that previously reported for ILCs, with CDH1 mutations present in 81% of the lesions. Forty-two percent (18/43) of LCIS were found to be clonally related to synchronous DCIS and/or ILCs, with clonal evolutionary patterns indicative of clonal selection and/or parallel/branched progression. Intralesion genetic heterogeneity was higher among LCIS clonally related to DCIS/ILC than in those nonclonally related to DCIS/ILC. A shift from aging to APOBEC-related mutational processes was observed in the progression from LCIS to DCIS and/or ILC in a subset of cases.

Conclusions:
Our findings support the contention that LCIS has a repertoire of somatic genetic alterations similar to that of ILCs, and likely constitutes a nonobligate precursor of breast cancer. Intralesion genetic heterogeneity is observed in LCIS and should be considered in studies aiming to develop biomarkers of progression from LCIS to more advanced lesions.
Identification of suitable reference genes of Scylla paramamosain for gene expression profiling in various tissues and under vibrio challenge
Authors: Fang Yabo , Diao Le , Zhang Fengying , Ma Lingbo , Zhao Mengdi , Zhang Dan , Sun Manman , Pi Yan , Qiao Zhenguo , Jiang Keji 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe quantitative real-time transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) is now used widely in studies about mRNA expression levels. The selection of one or more stable reference gene(s) used for data normalization is substantial. In this study, expression levels of eleven candidate reference genes (β-actin,16S rRNA,18S rRNA,28S rRNA,α-I tubulin,GAPDH,ribosomal protein L13,elongation factor 1 α,elongation factor 2,arginine kinaseandubiquitin) were examined using the GenomeLab GeXP analysis system (Beckman Coulter). Gene expression data were analysed using two different statistical models:geNormandNormFinder. (1) In six different tissues (hepatopancreas, haemocytes, heart, gill, muscle, and testis) from the mud crab,Scylla paramamosain,18S rRNAandelongation factor 1 αwere identified as the two best reference genes. (2) In the haemocytes after being challenged byVibro parahaemolyticus, the result suggested thatubiquitinwas the most stable gene after the treatment.18S rRNA,elongation factor 1 αandubiquitinare herein recommended as the best combination. These results provide useful options for reference gene selection under different experimental conditions in qRT-PCR studies in the mud crab.
Le druzisme prémoderne en Syrie : émergence du droit druze et des premières institutions religieuses
Authors: Halawi Wissam Halabi 
Published: September 2018

Résumé
Les premiers traités du Canon druze dont la rédaction remonte au Ve/XIe siècle jettent les bases d’une doctrine religieuse nouvelle et ébauchent succinctement et de manière souvent ambigüe les préceptes moraux, mais aussi juridiques et juridictionnels auxquels les adeptes devaient désormais se soumettre, les lois (šarāʾiʿ) antérieures ayant été abrogées par la Volonté divine. Les savants druzes du IXe/XVe siècle, notamment l’émir al-Sayyid (m. 884/1479) et ses disciples, tentèrent d’expliquer ces traités afin d’établir des principes juridico-religieux adaptés à leur milieu rural et des règles destinées à organiser le fonctionnement interne de la communauté des adeptes. L’historiographie traditionnelle considère toutefois que seul al-Sayyid est l’architecte de ce « renouveau druze » ; par conséquent, elle lui confère le statut de plus grand réformateur druze de tous les temps et lui attribue un ensemble d’écrits théologiques et juridiques que les initiés observent scrupuleusement depuis lors. Or, une lecture critique de ce corpus inédit datant en partie de la fin du IXe/XVe siècle révèle que l’émergence des premières institutions druzes, religieuses et judiciaires, ainsi que la théorisation et la systématisation du droit druze sont postérieures à l’action sayyidienne.
Maǧnūn et mabrūk : des participes en quête de verbes
Authors: Larcher Pierre 
Published: September 2018

Résumé
Dans le présent article, nous proposons de voir dans la phrase bihi ǧinna la base même du nom maǧnūn (« fou ») : les deux expressions sont synonymes, ayant la même distribution dans le Coran (Cor 34, 46 et 81, 22). De maǧnūn est dérivé régressivement le passif ǧunna (« être fou »), seul attesté. Celui-ci coïncide avec le passif de ǧanna (« cacher »). Cette coïncidence explique la contamination d’une famille lexicale par une autre : pour la tradition arabe, les djinns tirent leur nom de ce qu’ils sont cachés (iǧtinān). Maǧnūn n’est pas le seul exemple de participe sans verbe. On peut citer aussi mabrūk (« béni »), lié au nom baraka (« bénédiction »), et les participes actifs ǧāhiz (« prêt ») et sāliḥ (« armé »), dérivés régressivement des verbes ǧahhaza (« préparer ») et sallaḥa (« armer »), eux-mêmes dérivés des noms ǧihāz (« équipement ») et silāḥ (« armement »). Tous ces mots viennent rappeler que la formation et l’interprétation lexicales ne résultent pas du simple croisement d’une racine et d’un schème.