bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multifunctional Amphoteric Additive Alanine Enables High‐Performance Wide‐pH Zn Metal Anodes
Authors: Feng Yanwei , Yuan Yongfeng , Cai Gaoshen , Wang Bingxu , Zhang Jun , Xia Yang , Guo Shaoyi 
Published: November 2024

AbstractInterfacial pH fluctuation is one of the primary reasons for issues related to Zn metal anodes. Herein, polar amphoteric alanine, as a multifunctional electrolyte additive, is designed to regulate the electric double layer (EDL) and solvation structure. Alanine with self‐adaptation capability to pH can stabilize electrolyte pH. Due to more negative adsorption energy, alanine preferentially adsorbs on the Zn surface and repels water molecules within the EDL. Alanine‐enriched EDL effectively shields the surface tips, homogenizes interfacial electric field distribution, and promotes preferential deposition of horizontal flaky Zn. Alanine‐enriched EDL limits the contact between water and the Zn anode. Alanine additive decreases the quantity of water molecules in the Zn2+ solvation sheath and disrupts H‐bond networks in the electrolyte. Consequently, a dense and textured Zn deposition is achieved. Corrosion and side reactions are suppressed. Cycling stability of symmetrical cells attains 2700 h at 3 mA cm−2/1 mAh cm−2 and 2050 h at 5 mA cm−2/1 mAh cm−2. Average coulombic efficiency reaches 99.8% over 4500 cycles at 5 mA cm−2/1 mAh cm−2. Even within KOH alkaline electrolytes, alanine additive still improves the cycling lifespan of symmetrical cells to 100 h at 0.5 mA cm−2/0.5 mAh cm−2.
Recent Developments in Glioblastoma‐On‐A‐Chip for Advanced Drug Screening Applications
Authors: Maity Surjendu , Bhuyan Tamanna , Jewell Christopher , Kawakita Satoru , Sharma Saurabh , Nguyen Huu Tuan , Hassani Najafabadi Alireza , Ermis Menekse , Falcone Natashya , Chen Junjie , Mandal Kalpana , Khorsandi Danial , Yilgor Can , Choroomi Auveen , Torres Emily , Mecwan Marvin , John Johnson V. , Akbari Mohsen , Wang Zhaohui , Moniz‐Garcia Diogo , Quiñones‐Hinojosa Alfredo , Jucaud Vadim , Dokmeci Mehmet Remzi , Khademhosseini Ali 
Published: November 2024

AbstractGlioblastoma (GBM) is an aggressive form of cancer, comprising ≈80% of malignant brain tumors. However, there are no effective treatments for GBM due to its heterogeneity and the presence of the blood‐brain barrier (BBB), which restricts the delivery of therapeutics to the brain. Despite in vitro models contributing to the understanding of GBM, conventional 2D models oversimplify the complex tumor microenvironment. Organ‐on‐a‐chip (OoC) models have emerged as promising platforms that recapitulate human tissue physiology, enabling disease modeling, drug screening, and personalized medicine. There is a sudden increase in GBM‐on‐a‐chip models that can significantly advance the knowledge of GBM etiology and revolutionize drug development by reducing animal testing and enhancing translation to the clinic. In this review, an overview of GBM‐on‐a‐chip models and their applications is reported for drug screening and discussed current challenges and potential future directions for GBM‐on‐a‐chip models.
Versatile Organometallic Synthesis of 0D/2D Metal@Germanane Nanoarchitectonics for Electrochemical Energy Conversion Applications
Authors: Lei Yiming , Sala Xavier , García‐Antón Jordi , Muñoz Jose 
Published: November 2024

AbstractHydrogen‐terminated 2D–Germanane (2D–GeH), a germanium‐based 2D material akin to graphene, is receiving enormous attention owing to its predicted optoelectronic characteristics. However, experimental research of 2D–GeH is still in an early stage, and therefore its real implementation for task‐specific applications will depend on the correct development of suitable chemical functionalization methods. Herein, a general and straightforward organometallic (OM) approach is provided for the robust functionalization of 2D–GeH with different 0D noble metal nanoparticles (M–NPs), resulting in 0D/2D M@GeH nanoarchitectonics. As a proof‐of‐principle, 0D/2D Pt@GeH and Au@GeH nanoarchitectonics have been successfully synthesized, characterized, and explored as unconventional electrocatalysts for boosting energy conversion reactions. While the hydrogen evolution reaction activity was evaluated for Pt@GeH, the oxygen reduction reaction was interrogated for Au@GeH. Interestingly, the implanted catalytic features of M–NPs yielded to 0D/2D M@GeH nanoarchitectonics with enhanced energy conversion activity comparing to pristine 2D–GeH counterpart. This work proves the suitability of 2D–GeH as unconventional substrates to stabilize nobleM−NPs, and the versatility of the OM approach for the custom design of a new family of 0D/2D M@GeH nanoarchitectonics to expand the implementation of monoelemental 2D materials as promising electrocatalysts in energy conversion field and beyond.
A causal model for predicting the impact of pharmacotherapy on colorectal surgery outcomes
Authors: Sohn Camron , Roberts John , Jean‐Jacques Edson , Parrish Richard H. ,   for the Enhanced Recovery Comparative Pharmacotherapy Collaborative
Published: November 2024

AbstractIntroductionEvidence‐based principles in enhanced recovery programs (ERPs) demonstrate substantial improvement in patient outcomes. Determining which latent variables predict composite outcomes could refine ERP pharmacotherapy recommendations.MethodsUsing R, pharmacotherapy data were modeled from an existing dataset of adult elective colorectal surgery patients. Primary composite outcome was absence of surgical site infection, venous thromboembolism, postoperative nausea and vomiting, and other in‐hospital postoperative complications (POCs). Secondary composite outcome included no postdischarge POCs, hospital length of stay ≤3 days, and no readmission at 7‐ or 30‐days.ResultsVariables with greater odds of predicting both positive primary and secondary composite outcomes included prehospital oral iron and oral antibiotic use, postoperative sugammadex and neostigmine use, postoperative morphine milligram equivalents (MME) ≤ 50, and IV fluid stop by postoperative day 2. Preoperative scopolamine patch (OR = 0.29 and CI = −0.19–0.77) and perioperative gabapentin (OR = 0.46 and CI = 0.06–0.83) had lesser odds for both primary and secondary composite outcomes. Ketamine nonanesthetic bolus, ondansetron IV use, and in‐hospital enoxaparin use had paradoxical lesser primary but greater odds for secondary composite outcomes. Prehospital oral laxative use (OR = 0.61 and CI = 0.18–1.04) and postoperative dual IV antibiotics (OR = 0.52 and CI = 0.10–0.94) had lesser odds for primary, but not secondary, outcome.ConclusionTo improve the odds for positive composite outcomes, oral iron and antibiotics, sugammadex and neostigmine, lower MME, and early IV fluid cessation could be considered essential core items, whereas postoperative dual IV antibiotics and epidural anesthesia might be avoided. Additional research needs to clarify the impacts of in‐hospital enoxaparin, ketamine nonanesthetic bolus, and ondansetron use on composite patient outcomes.
Lymph node yield independently predicts local recurrence in papillary thyroid cancer
Authors: Yang Zihao M. , Papachristos Alexander , Gill Anthony J. , Aniss Ahmad M. , Sywak Mark , Sidhu Stan 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundLymph node yield (LNY) is a validated quality control parameter in colorectal cancer surgery, with >12 nodes reflecting an adequate oncological resection. No formal guidelines exist in the context of central and lateral compartment lymph node dissection for papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). This study aimed to investigate the association between LNY and regional recurrence in PTC patients, and to define a threshold LNY that indicates adequate compartmental lymphadenectomy.MethodsA retrospective analysis of patient data (1992–2022) was conducted using “The University of Sydney Endocrine Surgery Unit” database. Patients undergoing either prophylactic or therapeutic dissection of the central compartment or therapeutic dissection of the lateral compartment for PTC were included. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the relationship between nodal yield and local recurrence.ResultsOn multivariate analysis, a central LNY ≤3 was an independent adverse prognostic factor for central recurrence (odds ratios [OR] 2.19, 95% confidence intervals [CI] 1.15–4.17, and p = 0.018) and a lateral LNY ≤20 was independently predictive of lateral recurrence (OR 2.45, 95% CI 1.24–5.31, and p = 0.007).ConclusionsThis study highlights the association between LNY and local recurrence in PTC. Our findings suggest that minimum LNY thresholds (>3 for central and >20 for lateral) may serve as indicators of adequate dissection. Further research should validate these findings across healthcare centers.
Stationary scalar clouds around Kerr-Newman black holes
Authors: Guo Guangzhou , Wang Peng , Wu Tianshu , Yang Haitang 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This study investigates scalar clouds around Kerr-Newman black holes within the Einstein-Maxwell-scalar model. Tachyonic instabilities are identified as the driving mechanism for scalar cloud formation. Employing the spectral method, we numerically compute wave functions and parameter space existence domains for both fundamental and excited scalar cloud modes. Our analysis demonstrates that black hole spin imposes an upper limit on the existence of scalar clouds, with excited modes requiring stronger tachyonic instabilities for their formation. These findings lay the groundwork for exploring the nonlinear dynamics and astrophysical implications of scalar clouds.
Triple Higgs boson production and electroweak phase transition in the two-real-singlet model
Authors: Karkout Osama , Papaefstathiou Andreas , Postma Marieke , Tetlalmatzi-Xolocotzi Gilberto , van de Vis Jorinde , du Pree Tristan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The production of three Higgs bosons at hadron colliders can be enhanced by a double-resonant effect in the ℤ2-symmetric two-real-singlet extension of the Standard Model, making it potentially observable in future LHC runs. The production rate is maximized for large scalar couplings, which prompts us to carefully reconsider the perturbativity constraints on the theory. This leads us to construct a new set of 140 benchmark points that have a triple Higgs boson production cross-section at least 100 times larger than the SM value.Furthermore, we study the dynamics of the electroweak phase transition, both analytically at leading order, and numerically without the high-temperature expansion. Both analyses indicate that a first-order phase transition is incompatible with the requirement that both singlets have a non-zero vev in the present-day vacuum, as required by doubly-enhanced triple Higgs boson production. Allowing instead one of the singlets to remain at zero field value opens up the possibility of a first-order phase transition, while di-Higgs boson production can still be enhanced by a (single) resonance.
Cold nuclear matter effects on azimuthal decorrelation in heavy-ion collisions
Authors: Armesto Néstor , Cougoulic Florian , Wu Bin 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The assumption of factorization lies at the core of calculations of medium effects on observables computable in perturbative Quantum Chromodynamics. In this work we examine this assumption, for which we propose a setup to study hard processes and bulk nuclear matter in heavy-ion collisions on the same footing using the Glauber modelling of heavy nuclei. To exemplify this approach, we calculate the leading-order corrections to azimuthal decorrelation in Drell-Yan and boson-jet processes due to cold nuclear matter effects, not considering radiation. At leading order in both the hard momentum scale and the nuclear size, the impact-parameter dependent cross section is found to factorize for both processes. The factorization formula involves a convolution of the hard cross section with the medium-modified parton distributions, and, for boson-jet production, the medium-modified jet function.
Aufwachsen in einem psychisch belasteten Familienumfeld: Ergebnisse der bundesweit repräsentativen Studie „Kinder in Deutschland 0–3 2022“
Authors: Hänelt Maria , Neumann Anna , Lux Ulrike , Renner Ilona 
Published: November 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Ein psychisch belastetes Familienumfeld kann ein Risiko für die gesunde und altersgerechte Entwicklung von Säuglingen und Kleinkindern darstellen. Ungeklärt ist, wie weit psychische Belastungen aktuell in der Gesamtpopulation von Eltern mit kleinen Kindern verbreitet sind und ob der Anteil psychisch belasteter Eltern in den zurückliegenden Jahren multipler gesellschaftlicher Krisen angestiegen ist. Zudem ist unklar, wie sich Zusammenhänge zwischen der psychischen Belastung der Eltern, deren Erziehungskompetenzen sowie der frühkindlichen Entwicklung aktuell darstellen.

Methoden
In der bundesweiten, repräsentativen Befragung „Kinder in Deutschland – KiD 0–3 2022“ dokumentierten 258 Kinderärztinnen und -ärzte im Rahmen einer Vorsorgeuntersuchung die Entwicklung von 7818 Säuglingen und Kleinkindern. Die Eltern der Kinder beantworteten u. a. Fragen zu ihren psychischen Belastungen (Angst und Depressivität) und ihren Erziehungskompetenzen. Die Prävalenzen von 2022 wurden mit Ergebnissen der Vorgängerstudie aus dem Jahr 2015 verglichen.

Ergebnisse
2022 berichtete etwa ein Fünftel aller Eltern (21,5 %) eine moderate bis klinisch bedeutsame psychische Belastung (2015: 15,7 %). Psychisch belastete Eltern äußerten signifikant häufiger Zweifel an der eigenen elterlichen Kompetenz als Eltern ohne psychische Belastung. Ärztinnen und Ärzte dokumentierten bei Kindern, deren Eltern klinisch bedeutsame psychische Belastungen berichteten, signifikant häufiger Hinweise auf eine Regulationsstörung und eine Entwicklungsverzögerung.

Diskussion
Die Ergebnisse verdeutlichen die in den letzten Jahren zunehmende Relevanz psychischer Belastungen bei Eltern mit kleinen Kindern. Der Befund, dass psychische Belastungen der Eltern mit kindlichen Entwicklungsstörungen einhergehen, verdeutlicht einmal mehr die Notwendigkeit, Familien von Beginn an gezielt zu unterstützen.
Toward revolutionizing PEMFC manufacturing for clean energy conversion: a review on the innovative contribution of 3D printing techniques
Authors: Khalifa Randa E. , Shalaby Asmaa A. , Špitalský Zdenko 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThree-dimensional printing (3DP) is a technology useful for fabricating both structural and energy devices. Of great concern to this review is promising nature of additive manufacturing (AM) for engineering fuel cells (FCs) for clean energy conversion. 3DP technique is useful for the fabrication of fuel cell components, and they offer waste minimization, low-cost, and complex geometric structures. In this review, significance of different 3DP techniques toward revolutionizing fuel cell fabrication is given. The aim is to unravel the importance and status of 3D-printed fuel cells and hence provides researchers and scientists with extensive opportunities of 3DP techniques for fuel cell engineering. After careful selection of state-of-the-art literatures, different kinds of 3DP techniques of relevance to electrolytes, electrodes, and other key components (e.g., gas diffusion layers (GDLs), bipolar plates (BPs), and membrane electrode assembly (MEA)) fabrication are explicitly discussed. Among the techniques, the best approaches are recommended for further studies. Advantages associated with these techniques are indicated for the benefit of those whose interests matter most on clean energy production. The challenges researchers are facing in the use of 3DP for fuel cell fabrications are identified. Possible solutions to the identified challenges are suggested as way forward to further development in this research area. It is expected that this review article will benefit engineers and scientists who have interest on clean energy conversion devices.
A Markov regime-switching event response model: beef price spread response to processing capacity shocks
Authors: Park Eunchun , Boyer Christopher N. , Neill Clinton L. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This research introduces a new method for event studies in time-series analysis named the Markov regime-switching event response model (MS-ERM). The MS-ERM is a comprehensive approach that integrates two different event study approaches: 1) measuring the impact of an event through structural shift and 2) measuring the impact via additional distributional components. As an empirical application, the study measures the impact of beef-packing plant closures on the weekly live-to-cutout beef price spread. The results indicate that the MS-ERM is a promising tool for event studies, particularly when an empirical dataset has both groups of events that cause and do not cause structural changes.
Development of an eco-fractionation process for Ricinodendron heudelotii oil to obtain α-eleostearic acid and β-eleostearic acid
Authors: Lacroux Éric , Nikiema Diakaridja , Cerny Muriel , Fabre Jean-François , Mouloungui Zéphirin , Oi Koua Koua , Raynaud Christine , Adjou Ané , Merah Othmane , Valentin Romain 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The present article studies the transformations and fractionation of the reserve lipids of Ricinodendron heudelotii. The native triglycerides of this oil are composed mainly of conjugated polyunsaturated fatty acids, in particular α-eleostearic acid C18:3 n– 5 (9c, 11t, 13t) at 60%. This particular fatty acid of CLnA family exerts many activities potentially beneficial for health: anti-inflammatory, anti-leukemic, anti-microbial, anti-tumor, anti-ulcer and anti-diabetic. A process for transforming this acid into its isomers β-eleostearic acid and catalpic acid was explored with the aim of obtaining fractions enriched in β-eleostearic acid C18:3 n– 5 (9t, 11t, 13t). The β-eleostearic acid is a fatty acid of great interest because it is even more reactive and more efficient as antioxidant than α-eleostearic acid due to its higher trans content. Isomerization reaction of α-eleostearic acid in oil was carried out using artificial solar radiation treatment. The enrichment of concentrates in β-eleostearic acid was therefore tested using an eco-fractionation process. This process was carried out in two stages. The first step was the Candida rugosa lipase-catalyzed hydrolysis of triglycerides from native or isomerized Ricinodendron heudelotii oil. The second step was fractionation of the reaction medium obtained after hydrolysis. Triglyceride hydrolysis was complete, with a yield of free fatty acids of over 95% after 2 h of reaction. Treatment of the reaction media yielded 3 lipid concentrates with new chemical compositions of polyunsaturated fatty acids: a first concentrate, derived from hydrolysis of the native oil, composed of 60% α-eleostearic acid and 22% linoleic acid, and two other concentrates derived from fractionation of the hydrolysate of the oil isomerized by radiation. One was composed of 34% linoleic acid, 21% β-eleostearic acid, 11% α-eleostearic acid and 6% catalpic acid, and the last concentrate was composed of over 80% β-eleostearic acid. In addition to offering nutritional benefits similar to those of α-eleostearic acid, β-eleostearic acid also offers an interesting physical property: a very high melting point of 72 °C. Such a polyunsaturated fatty acid, which is solid at room temperature, could prove to be a raw material of choice, particularly in the world of food formulation, where manufacturers are looking for replacements with physical properties close to those of palm oil (the melting point of palmitic acid is 62 °C). Ricinodendron heudelotii oil has thus demonstrated its major role as a source of the triptych of α-eleostearic, β-eleostearic and linoleic fatty acids.
Dynamics of the Collision of Two Nearly Equal Solitary Waves for the Zakharov–Kuznetsov Equation
Authors: Pilod Didier , Valet Frédéric 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWe study the dynamics of the collision of two solitary waves for the 2 and 3-dimensional Zakharov–Kuznetsov equation, a high-dimensional non-integrable version of the Korteweg-de Vries equation that appears as an asymptotic model in plasma physics. We describe the evolution of the solution behaving as a sum of 2-solitary waves of nearly equal speeds at time $$t=-\infty $$

t
=
-
∞

up to time $$t=+\infty $$

t
=
+
∞

. We show that this solution behaves as the sum of two modulated solitary waves and an error term which is small in $$H^1$$

H
1

for all time $$t \in {\mathbb {R}}$$

t
∈
R

. Finally, we also prove the stability of this solution for large times around the collision. The proofs are a non-trivial extension of the ones of Martel and Merle for the quartic generalized Korteweg-de Vries equation to higher dimensions. First, despite the non-explicit nature of the solitary wave, we construct an approximate solution in an intrinsic way by canceling the error to the equation only in the natural directions of scaling and translation. Then, to control the difference between a solution and the approximate solution, we use a modified energy functional and a refined modulation estimate in the transverse variable. Moreover, we rely on the Hamiltonian structure of the ODE governing the distance between the waves, which cannot be approximated by explicit solutions, to close the bootstrap estimates on the parameters. We hope that the techniques introduced here are robust and will prove useful in studying the collision phenomena for other focusing non-linear dispersive equations with non-explicit solitary waves.
Characterizing the chemistry of artificially degraded Scots pine wood serving as a model of naturally degraded waterlogged wood using1H–13C HSQC NMR
Authors: Yelle Daniel J. , Broda Magdalena 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Chemically and biologically degraded Scots pine wood was prepared as a model material for the research on new conservation agents for waterlogged archeological wood. In this study, the model wood was characterized using a 2D1H–13C solution-state NMR technique without derivatization, isolation, or extraction to assess the effect of applied degradation processes on its chemical composition and structure. The results clearly show how the two artificially degraded model wood types are chemically different. Biological decay by the brown-rot fungus Coniophora puteana caused degradation of wood polysaccharides, with heavy depletion in arabinan, mannan, and galactan, along with an increase in the cellulose's reducing ends (i.e., lowering the degree of polymerization) and partial deacetylation of mannan. The fungus cleaved roughly one-fifth of the β-aryl ethers in lignin, leading to a broadening effect on the lignin aromatic unit contours; other lignin sidechains were left untouched. Chemical degradation by NaOH hydrolysis resulted in a depletion in mannan, galactan, and glucan, as well as efficient deacetylation of mannan. It also decreased lignin content, causing changes in its structure; minor β-aryl ether cleavage along with substantial phenylcoumaran cleavage were evident. Detailed knowledge about the chemical composition and structure of artificially degraded model pine wood obtained in this research is necessary to understand the reactivity of these wood types with chemicals used for their conservation. This research will help explain the differences in the stabilization effectiveness observed between these wood types treated during conservation and understand the stabilization mechanisms, thus contributing to developing new, more effective conservation agents for wooden artifacts of Cultural Heritage.