bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlations among Diabetic Microvascular Complications: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Li Jianqing , Cao Yihong , Liu Weiming , Wang Qiuke , Qian Yifeng , Lu Peirong 
Published: February 2019

AbstractEarly detection of diabetic microvascular complications is of great significance for disease prognosis. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the correlation among diabetic microvascular complications which may indicate the importance of screening for other complications in the presence of one disorder. PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were searched and a total of 26 cross-sectional studies met our inclusion criteria. Diabetic retinopathy (DR) had a proven risk association with diabetic kidney disease (DKD) [odds ratio (OR): 4.64, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.47–8.75, p < 0.01], while DKD also related to DR (OR: 2.37, 95% CI: 1.79–3.15, p < 0.01). In addition, DR was associated with diabetic neuropathy (DN) (OR: 2.22, 95% CI: 1.70–2.90, p < 0.01), and DN was related to DR (OR: 1.73, 95% CI: 1.19–2.51, p < 0.01). However, the risk correlation between DKD and DN was not definite. Therefore, regular screening for the other two microvascular complications in the case of one complication makes sense, especially for patients with DR. The secondary results presented some physical conditions and comorbidities which were correlated with these three complications and thus should be paid more attention.
Risk factors for robot-assisted spinal pedicle screw malposition
Authors: Zhang Jia Nan , Fan Yong , Hao Ding Jun 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe accuracy of robot-assisted pedicle screw placement is unstable and remains controversial. The purpose of this study was to determine the risk factors for unsatisfactory Renaissance robot-assisted pedicle screw placement. This was a retrospective study of prospective data. From January 2017 to March 2018, 136 robot-assisted pedicle screw placements were performed in our department for spinal diseases, and a total of 874 screws were evaluated. All screws were assessed by the Gertzbein and Robbins classification. A and B were defined as satisfactory. C, D, and E were defined as unsatisfactory. Intraoperative registration failures due to nontechnical reasons or intraoperative adjustment were also defined as unsatisfactory. According to the evaluated results, the screws were divided into the satisfactory group (Group A) and the unsatisfactory group (Group B). The satisfactory rate was defined as satisfactory screws (the screws in Group A)/total screws, and the accurate rate was defined as accuracy screws (the screws in Group A)/the screws implanted by the robot (total screws - failed registration screws - screws adjusted during the operation). The age, sex, BMI, and BMD as well as the type of disease, the degree of vertebral rotation and the type of screw placement (percutaneous implantation or open implantation) were compared between the two groups, with the assessment of potential risk factors for unsatisfactory robot-assisted screw placement using logistic regression. A total of 874 screws were evaluated; there were 759 screws in Group A and 115 screws in Group B. The satisfactory rate was 86.8% (759/874), and the accuracy rate of the robot-placed screws was 94.4% (759/804). After logistic regression analysis, the independent risk factors were identified as obesity (OR 5.357 [95% CI 2.897–9.906], p < 0.01), osteoporosis, vertebral rotation and the presence of congenital scoliosis (OR 9.835 [95% CI 4.279–22.604], p < 0.01), particularly for severe osteoporosis (T < −3.5) and severe vertebral rotation (III-IV). According to the results of this study, obesity, osteoporosis and congenital scoliosis are risk factors for unsatisfactory robot-assisted screw placement. Furthermore, for surgeons in the initial stage of using a robot, we suggest avoiding cases in which a single risk factor or multiple risk factors exist to ensure the safety of the operation and to help augment the confidence of the surgeons.
Controllability affects endocrine response of adolescent male rats to stress as well as impulsivity and behavioral flexibility during adulthood
Authors: Sanchís-Ollé Maria , Fuentes Silvia , Úbeda-Contreras Jesús , Lalanza Jaume F. , Ramos-Prats Arnau , Armario Antonio , Nadal Roser 
Published: February 2019

AbstractExposure to stress during adolescence exerts a long-term impact on behavior and might contribute to the development of several neuropsychiatric disorders. In adults, control over stress has been found to protect from the negative consequences of stress, but the influence of controllability at early ages has not been extensively studied. Here, we evaluated in a rodent model the effects of repeated exposure in adolescent male rats to controllable versus uncontrollable foot-shock stress (CST or UST, respectively). Rats were assigned to three groups: non-stress (stress-naïve), CST (exposed to 8 sessions of a two-way shuttle active avoidance task over a period of 22 days) and UST (receiving the same amount of shocks as CST, regardless of their actual behavior). During adulthood, different cohorts were tested in several tasks evaluating inhibitory control and cognitive flexibility: 5-choice serial reaction time, delay-discounting, gambling test and probabilistic reversal learning. Results showed that the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal response to the first shock session was similar in CST and UST animals, but the response to the 8thsession was lower in CST animals. In adulthood, the UST animals presented impaired motor (but not cognitive) impulsivity and more perseverative behavior. The behavioral effects of UST were associated with increased number of D2 dopamine receptors in dorsomedial striatum, but not in other striatal regions. In summary, UST exposure during adolescence induced long-term impairments in impulsivity and compulsivity, whereas CST had only minor effects. These data support a critical role of stress uncontrollability on the long-lasting consequences of stress, as a risk factor for mental illnesses.
Reliability of two methods for identifying the timing of medium latency responses in subjects with and without chronic ankle instability
Authors: Sousa Andreia S. P. , Valente Isabel , Pinto Ana , Santos Rubim 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThis study aims to: (1) to compare 2 methods of assessing the timing of medium latency responses (MLR), in regard to intrasession reliability and mean values, in subjects with and without chronic ankle instability (CAI), and (2) to analyze the influence of CAI in timing of MLR and in its reliability. Thirty six athletes with (16) and without (20) CAI participated. Bilateral electromyography of peroneus longus (PL), peroneus brevis (PB), tibialis anterior (TA) and soleus (SOL) muscles was collected during a unilateral sudden inversion perturbation to assess the timing of MLR onset, in both standing and perturbed positions, through a baseline-based method and a peak-response-based method. The group without CAI presented higher relative reliability of SOL and peroneal muscles MLR with the peak response-based method than with the baseline-based method. Compared with the group without CAI and in both methods, the group with CAI presented a delayed and less reliable TA MLR, as well decreased coefficient variation of PL MLR in the uninjured limb. In conclusion, regardless of the method subjects with CAI present delayed and less reliable TA MLR while in subjects without CAI the peak response-based method provides higher reliability.
Signalling through the yeast MAPK Cell Wall Integrity pathway controls P-body assembly upon cell wall stress
Authors: García Raúl , Pulido Verónica , Orellana-Muñoz Sara , Nombela César , Vázquez de Aldana Carlos R. , Rodríguez-Peña José M. , Arroyo Javier 
Published: February 2019

AbstractPost-transcriptional control of mRNA is a key event in the regulation of gene expression. From yeast to human cells, P-bodies are cytoplasmic RNA-protein aggregates that play an essential role in this process, particularly under stress conditions. In this work, we show that in the model yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae cell wall stress induces the formation of these structures. This effect is dependent on multiple elements in the Cell Wall Integrity (CWI) MAPK signalling pathway, a signal transduction cascade responsible for the maintenance of cell integrity under adverse environmental conditions. Remarkably, P-body assembly requires the catalytic activity of the MAPK of the pathway, Slt2/Mpk1. In accordance with the control exerted by this signalling pathway, the timing of P-body formation is similar to that of the activation of the CWI pathway. Noticeably, mRNAs whose expression is regulated by this pathway localize in P-bodies after the cell is exposed to stress following a temporal pattern coincident with CWI pathway activation. Moreover, when these mRNAs are overexpressed in a mutant background unable to form visible P-bodies, the cells show hypersensitivity to agents that interfere with cell wall integrity, supporting that they play a role in the mRNA lifecycle under stress conditions.
Polymorphisms in CARD8 and NLRP3 are associated with extrapulmonary TB and poor clinical outcome in active TB in Ethiopia
Authors: Abate Ebba , Blomgran Robert , Verma Deepti , Lerm Maria , Fredrikson Mats , Belayneh Meseret , Söderkvist Peter , Stendahl Olle , Schön Thomas 
Published: February 2019

AbstractInnate immunity is a first line defense against Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection where inflammasome activation and secretion of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1beta, plays a major role. Thus, genetic polymorphisms in innate immunity-related genes such as CARD8 and NLRP3 may contribute to the understanding of why most exposed individuals do not develop infection. Our aim was to investigate the association between polymorphisms in CARD8 and NLRP3 and active tuberculosis (TB) as well as their relationship to treatment outcome in a high-endemic setting for TB. Polymorphisms in CARD8 (C10X) and NLRP3 (Q705K) were analysed in 1190 TB patients and 1990 healthy donors (HD). There was a significant association between homozygotes in the CARD8 polymorphism and extrapulmonary TB (EPTB), which was not the case for pulmonary TB or HDs. Among TB-patients, there was an association between poor treatment outcome and the NLRP3 (Q705K) polymorphism. Our study shows that inflammasome polymorphisms are associated with EPTB and poor clinical outcome in active TB in Ethiopia. The practical implications and determining causal relationships on a mechanistic level needs further study.
Polymerisation Shrinkage Profiling of Dental Composites using Optical Fibre Sensing and their Correlation with Degree of Conversion and Curing Rate
Authors: Rajan Ginu , Raju Raju , Jinachandran Sagar , Farrar Paul , Xi Jiangtao , Prusty B. Gangadhara 
Published: February 2019

AbstractTraditional polymerisation shrinkage (PS) measurement systems measure average PS of dental composites, but the true local PS varies along the length and breadth of the composite. The PS depends on the curing light intensity distribution, resultant degree of conversion (DOC) and the curing rate. In this paper, optical fibre Bragg grating (FBG) sensing based technology is used to measure the linear post-gel PS at multiple locations within dental composite specimens, and is correlated with DOC and curing rate. A commercial dental composite is used, and its post-gel PS and DOC are mapped using embedded fibre Bragg grating sensors at different curing conditions. The distance between the curing lamp and the composite specimen is varied which resulted in different intensity distribution across the specimen. The effect of curing light intensity distribution on PS, curing rate and DOC are investigated for demonstrating a relationship among them. It is demonstrated that FBG sensing method is an effective method to accurately profiling post-gel PS across the specimen.
Isolation of gene-edited cells via knock-in of short glycophosphatidylinositol-anchored epitope tags
Authors: Zotova Anastasia , Pichugin Alexey , Atemasova Anastasia , Knyazhanskaya Ekaterina , Lopatukhina Elena , Mitkin Nikita , Holmuhamedov Ekhson , Gottikh Marina , Kuprash Dmitry , Filatov Alexander , Mazurov Dmitriy 
Published: February 2019

AbstractWe describe Surface Oligopeptide knock-in for Rapid Target Selection (SORTS), a novel method to select mammalian cells with precise genome modifications that does not rely on cell cloning. SORTS is designed to disrupt the target gene with an expression cassette encoding an epitope tag embedded into human glycophosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored protein CD52. The cassette is very short, usually less than 250 nucleotides, which simplifies donor DNA construction and facilitates transgene integration into the target locus. The chimeric protein is then expressed from the target promoter, processed and exposed on the plasma membrane where it serves as a marker for FACS sorting with tag-specific antibodies. Simultaneous use of two different epitope tags enables rapid isolation of cells with biallelic knock-ins. SORTS can be easily and reliably applied to a number of genome-editing problems such as knocking out genes encoding intracellular or secreted proteins, protein tagging and inactivation of HIV-1 provirus.
Tongue Strength in Children With and Without Speech Sound Disorders
Authors: Potter Nancy L. , Nievergelt Yves , VanDam Mark 
Published: February 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this cross-sectional investigation was to expand the comparative database of pediatric tongue strength for children and adolescents with typical development, ages 3–17 years, and compare tongue strength among children with typical development, speech sound delay/disorders (SD), and motor speech disorders (MSDs).

Method

Tongue strength was measured using the Iowa Oral Performance Instrument in a total of 286 children and adolescents, 228 with typical development, 16 with SD, and 42 with MSDs, including classic galactosemia, a known risk factor for MSD (
n
= 33) and idiopathic MSD (
n
= 9).

Results
For all groups, tongue strength increased rapidly from 3 to 6.5 years of age and then continued to increase with age at a slower rate until 17 years of age. Children with SD's tongue strength did not differ from their typically developing (TD) peers. Children and adolescents with MSDs had decreased tongue strength compared to children with typical development or SD. Tongue strength was not related to severity of speech sound disorders in SD or MSD.

Conclusion
Weak tongue strength does not appear to contribute to speech errors in children with speech sound delays but does appear to be related to speech sound disorders that are neurologic in origin (developmental MSD).
Synthesis and characterisation of TiO2 nanoparticles/Fe2O3 waste chips composite
Authors: Koohestani Hassan 
Published: February 2019

Water contamination along with the environmental issues resulted by industrial wastewaters have caused a trend in applying semiconducting photocatalysts, among which TiO2 composites have been particularly focused on to overcome the drawbacks of titanium(IV) oxide also known as titania. In the current investigation, waste chips of a structural steel bar with the chemical composition of Fe2O3 were utilised to obtain the TiO2–Fe2O3 composite. X‐ray diffraction (XRD), field‐emission scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, diffusive reflectance spectra, and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller analyses were made to evaluate the composition and structure of the samples. Furthermore, the photocatalytic performance of the samples was studied by methyl orange (MeO) degradation. XRD spectra proved the presence of anatase and Fe2O3 phases in the sample of 10%wt. Fe2O3. The results indicate that as the Fe2O3 content rises, the bandgap narrows. However, the specific surface area enlarges as this amount goes up to a certain limit (10%wt.), from which any further increase leads to a reduction in the specific surface area. The obtained results of MeO decolourisation presented the Fe2O3 of 10%wt. and bandgap of 2.72 eV, and the specific surface area of 63 m2/g to be of the highest efficiency (96%).
Biotemplate preparation of Bi2O3 nanosheet for enhanced photodegradation of methylene blue
Authors: Yang Jing , Wang Meiyan , Zhao Susu , Liu Yangyang , Zhang Wei , Wu Bowen , Liu Qing 
Published: February 2019

Bi2O3 nanosheet was synthesised using China rose petal as a biotemplate for the photodegradation of methylene blue under xenon lamp irradiation. The samples were characterised by thermogravimetric analysis–differential scanning calorimetric analysis, Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy, nitrogen adsorption, X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and ultraviolet–visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. The results revealed that the Bi2O3 nanosheet with pure monoclinic phase was successfully synthesised by replication of the petal template with a thickness of about 100 nm, and showed the absorption thresholds wavelength of 480 nm. Moreover, the Bi2O3 nanosheet exhibited 94.84% degradation efficiency of photodegradation of methylene blue in 180 min, which was much more active than that of the commercial α‐Bi2O3 due to its high specific surface area of 45.7 m2 g−1 and wide band gap of 3.10 eV.
Investigation of photocatalytic performance of natural zeolite/TiO2 composites
Authors: Koohestani Hassan , Hassanabadi Mohammad , Mansouri Hamed , Pirmoradian Abbas 
Published: February 2019

The growing increase of industrial wastewater, environmental contaminations, and the necessity of clean water has stressed the importance of removing pollutants. One of the effective means of removing pollutants from water and wastewater is by utilising zeolite. Zeolite, despite possessing unique photophysical properties (such as numerous fine cavities, the high capability to adsorb, and chemical–thermal stability), represents some limitations when being used. Depositing photocatalysts on zeolite particles to improve its removal potential is of much interest. In this work, therefore, TiO2 nanoparticles were deposited on fine particles of zeolite. Zeolite/TiO2 composites were evaluated by X‐ray diffractometer, scanning electron microscope, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller, diffuse reflectance spectroscopy analyses. The results indicate that the presence of TiO2 nanoparticles reduces the specific surface area. However, it causes the ability to absorb UV light. Increasing the amount of TiO2 any further will bring about a redshift in absorption edge. Photocatalytic properties of the composites were assessed by methyl orange and cyanide ion removal examination. The 10%TiO2 composite with the specific surface area of 34 m2/g and bandgap energy of 3.3 eV showed to be the most efficient. The superior photocatalytic performance of 10%TiO2 sample was confirmed by the examination of producing hydrogen from water/methanol.
GALEX colours of quasars and intergalactic medium opacity at low redshift
Authors: Deharveng J.-M. , Milliard B. , Péroux C. , Small T. 
Published: February 2019

Aims. The distribution of neutral hydrogen in the intergalactic medium (IGM) is currently explored at low redshift by means of UV spectroscopy of quasars. We propose here an alternative approach based on UV colours of quasars as observed from GALEX surveys. We built a NUV-selected sample of 9033 quasars with (FUV−NUV) colours. The imprint of HI absorption in the observed colours is suggested qualitatively by their distribution as a function of quasar redshift.
Methods. Because broad band fluxes lack spectral resolution and are sensitive to a large range of HI column densities a Monte Carlo simulation of IGM opacity is required for quantitative analysis. It was performed with absorbers randomly distributed along redshift and column density distributions. The column density distribution was assumed to be a broken power law with index β1 (1015 cm−2 <  NHI <  1017.2 cm−2) and β2 (1017.2 cm−2 <  NHI <  1019 cm−2). For convenience the redshift distribution is taken proportional to the redshift evolution law of the number density of Lyman limit systems (LLS) per unit redshift as determined by existing spectroscopic surveys. The simulation is run with different assumptions on the spectral index αν of the quasar ionising flux.
Results. The fits between the simulated and observed distribution of colours require an LLS redshift density larger than that derived from spectroscopic counting. This result is robust in spite of difficulties in determining the colour dispersion other than that due to neutral hydrogen absorption. This difference decreases with decreasing αν (softer ionising quasar spectrum) and would vanish only with values of αν which are not supported by existing observations.
Conclusions. We provide arguments to retain αν = −2, a value already extreme with respect to those measured with HST/COS. Further fitting of power law index β1 and β2 leads to a higher density by a factor of 1.7 (β1 = −1.7, β2 = −1.5), possibly 1.5 (β1 = −1.7, β2 = −1.7). Beyond the result in terms of density the analysis of UV colours of quasars reveals a tension between the current description of IGM opacity at low z and the published average ionising spectrum of quasars.
Quality of endoscopy reporting at index colonoscopy significantly impacts outcome of subsequent EMR in patients with > 20 mm colon polyps
Authors: Raju Gottumukkala , Lum Phillip , Ross William , Thirumurthi Selvi , Miller Ethan , Lynch Patrick , Lee Jeffrey , Bhutani Manoop , Shafi Mehnaz , Weston Brian , Blechacz Boris , Chang George , Hagan Katherine , Rashid Asif , Davila Marta , Stroehlein John 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Background and study aims Endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) is safe and cost-effective in management of patients with colon polyps. However, very little is known about the actions of the referring endoscopist following identification of these lesions at index colonoscopy, and the impact of those actions on the outcome of subsequent referral for EMR. The aim of this study was to identify practices at index colonoscopy that lead to failure of subsequent EMR.
Patients and methods Two hundred and eighty-nine consecutive patients with biopsy-proven non-malignant colon polyps (> 20 mm) referred for EMR were analyzed to identify practices that could be improved from the time of identifying the lesion at index colonoscopy until completion of therapy.
Results EMR was abandoned at colonoscopy at the EMR center in 71 of 289 patients (24.6 %). Reasons for abandoning EMR included diagnosis of invasive carcinoma (n = 9; 12.7 %), tethered lesions (n = 21; 29.6 %) from prior endoscopic interventions, and overly large (n = 22; 31 %) and inaccessible lesions (n = 17; 24 %) for complete and safe resection whose details were not recorded in the referring endoscopy report, or polyposis syndromes (n = 2; 2.8 %) that were not recognized.
Conclusions In our practice, one in four EMR attempts were abandoned as a result of inadequate diagnosis or management by the referring endoscopist, which could be improved by education on optical diagnosis of polyps, comprehensive documentation of the procedure and avoidance of interventions that preclude resection.