bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The most responsive foot position for non-invasive detection of isolated unstable syndesmotic injuries – a 3D analysis
Authors: Souleiman Firas , Heilemann Martin , Osterhoff Georg , Hepp Pierre , Gueorguiev Boyko , Richards R. Geoff , Gehweiler Dominic , Hennings Robert 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
The aim of this study was to identify the most responsive foot position for detection of isolated unstable syndesmotic injury.

Methods
Fourteen paired human cadaveric lower legs were positioned in a pressure-controlled radiolucent frame and loaded under 700 N. Computed tomography scans were performed in neutral position, 15° internal / external rotation, and 20° dorsal / plantar flexion of the foot before and after cutting all syndesmotic ligaments. For each position, generated 3D models of the intact and injured distal tibiofibular joints were matched and analyzed by calculating three parameters: diastasis, anteroposterior displacement, and shortening of the fibula.

Results
Transection of syndesmotic ligaments resulted in significant posterior translation of the fibula (4.34°, SD 1.63°, p < 0.01) compared to uninjured state for external rotation, significant anterior translation (-2.08°, SD 1.65°, p < 0.01) for internal rotation, and significant posterior translation (1.32°, SD 1.16°, p = 0.01) for dorsiflexion. Furthermore, the syndesmotic injury led to significantly increased clear space (0.46 mm, SD 0.46 mm, p = 0.03) in external rotation of the foot.

Conclusion
External rotation of the foot under loading seems to be the most responsive position for detection of isolated syndesmotic instability. Under external rotational stress, anteroposterior instability and increased clear space resulting from a complete isolated unstable syndesmotic lesion were most evident.
Low carbohydrate diets, glycaemic control, enablers, and barriers in the management of type 1 diabetes: a mixed methods systematic review
Authors: Paul Janine , Jani Rati , Thorning Sarah , Obucina Mila , Davoren Peter , Knight-Agarwal Catherine 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
Medical nutrition therapy is fundamental for diabetes management, however there is a lack of evidence supporting an ideal recommended carbohydrate intake for maintaining optimal glycaemia in individuals living with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Adults with T1D are increasingly drawn to very low carbohydrate (≤ 50 g/day or < 10% total energy intake) and low carbohydrate diets (< 130 g/day or < 26% total energy intake) because of the reported positive impact on both physical health and psychological well-being. Current evidence regarding the effectiveness on glycaemia and the lived experience by adults with T1D when using these diets is limited. This mixed methods systematic review was undertaken to examine the effectiveness of very low and low carbohydrate diets on HbA1c and explore the lived experience of adults with T1D who have followed these dietary regimens.

Methods
Seven databases (MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, Cochrane CENTRAL, Informit Health Collection, Web of Science, and PsycInfo) were searched from inception to 1 October 2023. Quality assessment of the included studies was undertaken using the JBI’s critical appraisal checklists. Separate quantitative and qualitative synthesis was performed, and findings were integrated for the purpose of comparison and complementarity.

Results
Seventeen studies of varying methodologies were included. Findings from quantitative research were inconclusive in determining the effectiveness of very low and low carbohydrate diets on HbA1c levels. Qualitative data synthesis identified four themes [1) Motivation to follow the diet, 2) Health benefits of the diet, 3) Challenges of the diet, and 4) Limited information (participants knowledge, information sources) about the diet] that influenced adherence to very low and low carbohydrate diets. Through the integration of results from selected studies, it was evident that there were conflicting outcomes between quantitative and qualitative studies.

Conclusions
There is little evidence to indicate that very low and low carbohydrate diets improve HbA1c in adults with T1D. However, this goes against the reported lived experiences of participants. This review highlights the insufficiency of robust evidence on this topic. Future research involving larger participant samples over longer durations are needed to provide more definitive evidence in relation to the efficacy of these diets and into the enablers and barriers experienced when using a very low or low carbohydrate diet in order to provide support to adults with T1D.
Systematic review registration PROSPERO CRD42023482800.
The effect of the menstrual cycle phases on back squat performance, jumping ability and psychological state in women according to their level of performance -a randomized three-arm crossover study
Authors: Isenmann Eduard , Held Steffen , Geisler Stephan , Flenker Ulrich , Jeffreys Ian , Zinner Christoph 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Objective
The influence of the menstrual cycle on practical power performance such as barbell back squats and jumping performance in women has not yet been fully investigated. In addition, the performance level of athletes has not been considered in previous studies. This study aimed to investigate the influence of different cycle phases on acute back squat performance, jumping ability and psychological state concerning the performance level.

Methods
24 female strength athletes (age: 25.2 ± 3.3 years; height: 169.5 ± 3.4 cm; body weight: 67.7 ± 7.3 kg) were recruited for the study. Level of performance was classified according to Santos et al. (intermittent (n = 13), advanced (n = 6), highly advanced (n = 5)). Participants were tested for 1RM barbell back squat and jumping performance (countermovement and squat jump) as well as two questionnaires assessing their psychological states in the menses (M), late follicular phase (FP) and mid-luteal phase (LP) in three MC. Saliva estradiol and progesterone concentrations with a menstrual cycle diary were used to confirm a normal MC. A principal components analysis for power performance, well-being, relaxation and alertness was carried out and a linear mixed model was used for statistical evaluation.

Results
No significant differences were found between the MC phases in performance scores (p > 0.05), readiness (p > 0.05) and alertness (p > 0.05). However, a high correlation between MC phases, performance level and back squat performance was detected. Correlation analyses indicate that a higher performance level results in a higher variation depending on the MC of the squat performance. For well-being, a significantly lower score was detected in M than in FP and LP.

Conclusion
In general the performance score of the lower body is not influenced by the MC. If strength performance and jumping ability are considered separately, there are indications that strength capability is influenced at a higher performance level. In addition, individual variance was also observed, so this should also be considered. However, further studies are needed to confirm this assumption due to the small sample sizes of the individual performance levels.

Trial registration
German registry for clinical studies (DRKS00034816, Date: 08/01/2024).
Zéro allergie research clinic: a clinical and research initiative in oral immunotherapy for managing IgE-mediated food allergy
Authors: Tremblay Bénédicte L. , Bégin Philippe , Gagnon-Brassard Frédérique , Boucher-Lafleur Anne-Marie , Lavoie Marie-Ève , Madore Anne-Marie , Lavoie Sarah , Rochefort-Beaudoin Cloé , Nuncio-Naud Claudia , Morin Charles , Parizeault Guy , Laprise Catherine 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background and methods
The Zéro allergie research clinic (Saguenay, Canada) is a clinical and research initiative in oral immunotherapy (OIT) for managing IgE-mediated food allergy (FA). A total of 183 children with FA and 27 non-allergic siblings were recruited to date in the Zéro allergie cohort (ZAC) to better understand biological mechanisms underlying FA and OIT prognosis. The primary aims are to (a) better understand the genetic, epigenetic, transcriptomic, metabolomic, and microbial diversity associated with FA; (b) establish the multi-omics and microbial diversity profiles of children following OIT to identify predictive prognosis biomarkers, (c) make OIT more accessible to the population of the Saguenay–Lac-Saint-Jean region, and (d) build a biobank of data and biological material.

Results
The ZAC constitutes a unique and rich biobank of biological samples (blood, buccal swabs, microbiota samples [intestinal, buccal, nasal, and cutaneous]) combined with clinical data and more than 75 phenotypic characteristics.

Conclusions
This represents an innovative interdisciplinary initiative by researchers, allergists, and paediatricians to make FA care accessible to a greater number of children with IgE-mediated FA. Ultimately, it will contribute to provide more accessible treatment options with greater chances of success through a better understanding of the biological nature of FA and OIT.
Investigating non fluorescence nanoparticle transport in Matrigel-filled microfluidic devices using synchrotron X-ray scattering
Authors: Martín-Asensio Alberto , Pardo Irene , Mesa Rocío , Pardo Demian , Fernández-Blázquez Juan P. , Martínez-Guil Juan Carlos , Castellanos Milagros , Hernández Jaime J. , Somoza Álvaro , Rodríguez Isabel 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe present study explores the application of X-ray scattering, using synchrotron radiation, to assess the diffusive transport of nanomedicines in tumor on a chip devices fabricated by 3D stereolithography using a resin with high optical and X-ray transmittance. Unlike conventional methods that require fluorescent labeling of nanoparticles, potentially altering their in vitro and in vivo behavior, this approach enables the investigation of the transport properties for unlabeled nanoparticles. In particular, the results presented confirm the influence of the porosity of the extracellular matrix-like microenvironment, specifically Matrigel, on the diffusive transport of oligonucleotide-functionalized gold nanoparticles. The analysis of the scattering patterns allows to create 2D maps showing the nanoparticle distribution with high spatial resolution. The proposed approach demonstrates the potential for studying other factors involved in nanoparticle diffusion processes. By implementing X-ray scattering to track unmodified nanomedicines within extracellular matrix-like microenvironments, increasingly accurate models for evaluating and predicting therapeutics transport behaviors can be developed.
Leveraging professional learning communities in linking digital professional development and instructional integration: evidence from 16,072 STEM teachers
Authors: Liu Ji , Aziku Millicent , Qiang Faying , Zhang Bin 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Integration of digital tools and resources in STEM instruction has garnered significant attention due to its high potential. Digital professional development is identified as a pivotal factor for equipping teachers with necessary digital skills to effectively orchestrate digital resources. Notably, the role of professional learning communities is considered critical. However, the intricate relationships among digital professional development, professional learning communities, and digital instructional integration among STEM teachers remain underexplored. Utilizing partial least-squares–structural equation models (PLS–SEM), the present study examined links in digital professional development, professional learning communities, and digital instructional integration among STEM teachers (N = 16,072) who participated in the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) 2022.

Results
Findings from the PLS–SEM analysis indicate that digital professional development exhibits a direct positive relationship with professional learning communities and digital instructional integration. Relatedly, professional learning communities is positively correlated with digital instructional integration. In terms of indirect effect, findings show that professional learning communities play a significant positive mediating role in linking digital professional development and digital instructional integration.

Conclusions
This study reports new evidence on the influence of digital professional development on digital instructional integration through professional learning communities among 16,072 STEM teachers and concludes that, when STEM teachers regularly immerse themselves in professional learning communities, they are more likely to benefit from their digital professional development by integrating digital technologies in classroom instruction. Policymakers and educational leaders should consider promoting digital professional development and professional learning communities among STEM teachers, along with efforts to encourage digital instructional integration.
Securing transactions: a hybrid dependable ensemble machine learning model using IHT-LR and grid search
Authors: Talukder Md. Alamin , Hossen Rakib , Uddin Md Ashraf , Uddin Mohammed Nasir , Acharjee Uzzal Kumar 
Published: November 2024

AbstractFinancial institutions and businesses face an ongoing challenge from fraudulent transactions, prompting the need for effective detection methods. Detecting credit card fraud is crucial for identifying and preventing unauthorized transactions. While credit card fraud incidents are relatively rare, they can result in substantial financial losses, particularly due to the high monetary value associated with fraudulent transactions. Timely detection of fraud enables investigators to take swift actions to mitigate further losses. However, the investigation process is often time-consuming, limiting the number of alerts that can be thoroughly examined each day. Therefore, the primary objective of a fraud detection model is to provide accurate alerts while minimizing false alarms and missed fraud cases. In this paper, we introduce a state-of-the-art hybrid ensemble (ENS) dependable machine learning (ML) model that intelligently combines multiple algorithms with proper weighted optimization using grid search, including decision tree (DT), random forest (RF), K-nearest neighbor (KNN), and multilayer perceptron (MLP), to enhance fraud identification. To address the data imbalance issue, we employ the instant hardness threshold (IHT) technique in conjunction with logistic regression (LR), surpassing conventional approaches. Our experiments are conducted on a publicly available credit card dataset comprising 284,807 transactions. The proposed model achieves impressive accuracy rates of 99.66%, 99.73%, 98.56%, and 99.79%, and a perfect 100% for the DT, RF, KNN, MLP and ENS models, respectively. The hybrid ensemble model outperforms existing works, establishing a new benchmark for detecting fraudulent transactions in high-frequency scenarios. The results highlight the effectiveness and reliability of our approach, demonstrating superior performance metrics and showcasing its exceptional potential for real-world fraud detection applications.
B2R-D2R Interaction in Prolactinomas and Nonfunctional Adenomas: Impact on Dopamine Resistance
Authors: Abeledo-Machado Alejandra , Argerich Josep , Yaneff Agustín , Vidal Noemi , García-Roca Claudia , Bornancini Dana , Peña-Zanoni Milagros , Gironacci Mariela M , Shayo Carina , Ciruela Francisco , Díaz-Torga Graciela 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Prolactinomas, the most common pituitary-secreting adenomas, can be effectively treated with dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) agonists. However, a subset of them (∼20%) are resistant to dopamine-based therapies and require extirpation. The molecular mechanisms underlying their escape from dopaminergic regulation are not fully elucidated and may include alterations in D2R signaling. D2R can heteromerize with other G protein-coupled receptors, resulting in modulation of dopaminergic signaling. Because the bradykinin receptor type 2 (B2R) is overexpressed in prolactinomas, we interrogated whether this dopaminergic dysregulation observed in some prolactinomas may depend on a physical and functional interaction between D2R and B2R. The formation of B2R-D2R complexes in cultured cells transiently expressing both receptors was validated using NanoBiT technology. Interestingly, although D2R stimulation did not alter B2R-induced intracellular calcium mobilization, B2R stimulation abolished D2R signaling through modulation of cAMP. The existence of B2R-D2R complexes in pituitary adenomas biopsies was evaluated using an ALPHALisa approach. Importantly, B2R-D2R complexes were detected in human prolactinomas and nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas, but not in mixed (prolactin + growth hormone)-secreting adenomas. These results suggest that overexpression of B2R in resistant prolactinomas may promote the formation of B2R-D2R complexes, with B2R precluding D2R signaling, thus generating resistance to D2R agonists.
Long Noncoding RNAs Expressed in Mouse Pituitary Development and Mature Hormone-Producing Cells
Authors: Brinkmeier Michelle Lynn , George Akima Semone , Cheung Leonard Yan Ming , Mills Ryan Edward , Melamed Philippa , Camper Sally Ann 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Mammalian genomes contain thousands of genes for long noncoding RNA (lncRNAs), some of which have been shown to affect protein coding gene expression through diverse mechanisms. The lncRNA transcripts are longer than 200 nucleotides and are often capped, spliced, and polyadenylated, but not translated into protein. Nuclear lncRNAs can modify chromatin structure and transcription in trans or cis by interacting with the DNA, forming R-loops, and recruiting regulatory proteins. Not much is known about the role of lncRNA in pituitary gland differentiation and function. We mined transcriptome data from mouse pituitary glands collected at embryonic days 12.5 and 14.5 and identified over 200 different lncRNA transcripts. To develop a research resource for the study of lncRNA, we used pituitary cre transgenes to tag pituitary cell types in adult mice with fluorescent markers, and enriched for thyrotropes, gonadotropes, and somatotropes using fluorescence-activated cell sorting. We determined the transcriptome of each cell population using RNA sequencing and mined the data for lncRNA. We detected hundreds of lncRNAs in adult pituitary cells; a few were located immediately nearby genes that encode pituitary hormones or lineage-specific transcription factors. The location of these lncRNAs suggests the possibility of a cis-acting regulatory role in pituitary development or function, and we observe coordinated expression of 2 of them with their putative target genes in transgenic mice. This research resource sets the foundation for examining the actions of lncRNAs on their putative target genes and determining whether they have roles during development and in response to physiological demand.
Sex-Based Differences in Thyroid Plasma B Cell Infiltration: Implications for Autoimmune Disease Susceptibility
Authors: Pereira Vasconcelos Amanda , Santos e Silva Juan Carlo , Simizo Adriana , Peña Avila Jonathan , Nassar Reich Goldstein Gabriel , Prado de Oliveira Pedro Henrique , Mogollón García Henry , de Carvalho Fraga Carlos Alberto , Nakaya Helder I 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Thyroid autoimmune diseases, such as Hashimoto thyroiditis and Graves disease, are significantly more prevalent in women than in men, suggesting underlying biological differences in immune system function and regulation between sexes. Plasma B cells are crucial in autoimmunity due to their role in producing antibodies targeting self-antigens, but their presence in the thyroids of women without clinical autoimmune diseases remains largely unexplored. This study investigates the infiltration of plasma B cells in female thyroids specifically excluding those with any clinical signs of autoimmune diseases. Using bulk RNA-seq analysis, we identified significant sex differences in gene expression profiles, particularly in genes associated with plasma B cells. Single-cell RNA-seq and spatial transcriptomic analyses further revealed that the CXCL13-CXCR5 signaling axis plays a pivotal role in recruiting and organizing plasma B cells within the thyroid tissue. These findings suggest that the inherent presence of plasma B cells in the female thyroid, driven by CXCL13, may contribute to the higher risk of developing autoimmune thyroid diseases in women. Our study provides new insights into the immune landscape of the thyroid and underscores the importance of understanding sex-specific differences in immune cell distribution and function.
Dynamics of irregular migration: The Psycho-Philosophical irony in the global perception of equality
Authors: Onebunne I Jude , Ojiakor-Umenze Ifeoma , Onwuatuegwu N Ignatius 
Published: November 2024

This research aims to explore the dynamics of irregular migration as a psycho-philosophical irony in the quest for practical global equality. The research explores three fundamental issues in irregular migration bordering on the characteristics of migrants, the causes and motives of migrants, and the relationship of irregular migration with global perceptions of equality. Drawing on the Neo-Classical migration theory by Hicks (1932) and the Dual Labor Market theory by Ravenstein (1889), this study establishes that the unequal distribution of capital and labor at the macro level that leads to inequality in living conditions is a major factor of all migration. The study identifies that the characteristics and motives of migrants are identical to the problems associated with low socio-economic status which are the main drivers of migration. Furthermore, the study asserts that areas characterized by irregular migrants are consistent with the Human Capital Development Index (HCDI) classification that prioritizes living standard conditions across countries. As a benchmark, the HCDI supports the theoretical basis for high irregular migration in these regions triggered by the imbalance between countries at the lower end of the index and those at the top of the HCDI. It is suggested that the global policy on aid to poor countries should lean towards domestication of capacity building in such countries to improve living standards and employment and to mitigate the current global antithesis caused by terrorism and insecurity whose impact is unfavorable to world peace.