bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ASPEK HUKUM ISLAM TENTANG KEKERASAN TERHADAP PEREMPUAN
Authors: Mutmainah Mutmainah 
Published: June 2018

Sejarah peradaban manusia, perempuan selalu mendapatkan perlakuan yang tidak adil dari kaum laki-laki. Perempuan hanya dijadikan manusia pelengkap, manusia kelas dua (the sechon humanity), bahkan dalam banyak kasus kita lihat perempuan tidak jarang diperlakukan sebagai pemuas nafsu belaka. Perlakuan yang diskriminatif dan subordinatif terhadap perempuan ini turut dilanggenggkan melalui hokum-hukum (doktrin-doktrin) agama, sehingga tak jarang agama dijadikan tameng untuk membenarkan tindak kekerasan terhadap perempuan . Hukum Islam yang bersumber dari Al-Qur’an dan Hadits-hadits Nabi, bertujuan memelihara dan menjaga kemaslahatan umat manusia, dan menjunjung tinggi martabat manusia tanpa melihat jenis kelamin apakah dia laki-laki ataupun perempua. Oleh karena itu, hokum islam tidak membenarkan sama sekali segala bentuk tindak kekerasan terhadap seseorang, apalagi jika kekerasan itu dikakuan hanya karena jenis kelaminnya perempuan. Melalui tulisan ini penulis dengan sengaja mencoba membahas mengenai aspek hokum islam tentang kekerasan terhadap perempuan. Hal ini dilakukan, Karena melihat fenimena-fenomena sekarang dimana begitu banyak perempuan mengalami tindak kekerasan, baik kekerasan fisk ataupun non fisk, meupun kekerasan sikologis dari pihak laki-laki.
KESANTUNAN BERBAHASA DALAM PERPEKTIF HUKUM ISLAM
Authors: Ardianto Ardianto 
Published: June 2018

Upaya untuk menciptakan lingkungan masyarakat yang bertutur kata santun merupakan hal yang sangat penting karena masyarakat sekarang ini tengah bergerak ke arahyang semakin maju dan modern. setiap perubahan masyarakat melahirkan konsekuensi-konsekuensi tertentu yang berkaitan dengan masalah nilai dan moral. Salah satu kecenderungan negative dari dampak perubahan dan kemajuan itu adalah pergeeran tata nilai dan pola kesantunan berbahasa masyarakat. Dengan membiasakan diri menggunakan bahasa yang santun, bahasa yang tidak mengandung muatan makna yang dapat menyinggung perasaan orang lain, memilih, dan menyusun bahasa (kata-kata) yang mencerminkan cermat, logika, dan bersahaja, tanpa mengaburkan makna berarti kita sedang membiasakan diri untuk membangun sumber daya manusia yang memiliki sikap yang berkualitas tinggi dan berada menuju masyarakat yang madani.
Kontekstualisasi Teologi Keadilan dalam Hukum Qishash
Authors: Yasin Yasin 
Published: June 2018

Keadilan adalah mempersamakan sesuatu dengan yang lain, baik dari segi nilai maupun dari segi ukuran. Sedang Qishash bermakna hukum balas dengan hukuman yang setimpal bagi pembunuhan yang dilakukannya. Keadilan dalam qishash dimaknai empat keadilan yaitu: adil berarti sama dalam hak, adil berarti seimbang, adil berarti memberikan hak kepada yang berhak (pemiliknya), dan adil yang hanya dihubungkan dengan Allah yang berarti memelihara kewajaran atas berlangsungnya eksistensi.
MENELUSURI ARGUMENTASI PENOLAKAN AL-SYAFI’IY TERHADAP ISTIHSAN SEBAGAI DALIL HUKUM
Authors: Yusuf Nasruddin 
Published: June 2018

Adanya perbedaan dalam kehujjahan istihsân di kalangan ulama pada hakekatnya didasarkan kepada tidak sepakatnya pihak yang berselisih tentang cakupan dan pengertian istihsân, Ulama yang menggunakan istihsân sebagai hujjah menyampaikan kepada ulama yang tidak menggunakan istihsân sebagai hujjah dengan pengertian lain. Jika mereka yang berbeda pendapat itu sepakat mengenai batasan pengertian istihsân, maka sudah pasti mereka tidak akan berbeda pendapat tentang istihsân dapat dijadikan sebagai hujjah dan dalil hukum. Sebab pada dasarnya istihsân itu adalah pindahnya seorang mujahid dari dalil yang jelas atau dari hukum kulliy karena ada dalil yang menuntut perpindahan itu, sehingga tidak dapat dikategorikan pembentukan hukum dengan nafsu.
Improvement of Selected Soil Chemical Properties and Potassium Uptake by Mung Beans After Application of Liquid Organic Fertilizer in Ultisol
Authors: Anggita Tristantia , Muktamar Zainal , Fahrurrozi Fahrurrozi 
Published: June 2018

Recently, application of liquid organic fertilizer (LOF) in organic farming practices is of importance to prevent further soil degradation due to prolong and massive use of synthetic fertilizer. LOF provides faster plant nutrients than soil organic fertilizer. However, quality of LOF is substantially dependent on its sources. Animal wastes from rabbit, goat, and cattle are scarcely used as sources of LOF production. The study aimed to determine soil chemical improvement and potassium uptake by mung bean as affected by LOF in Ultisol. The experiment was conducted at the Greenhouse Faculty of Agriculture, employing Completely Randomized Design with two factors. The first factor was animal wastes, consisting of goat, rabbit, and cattle wastes. The second factor was LOF concentration, consisting of 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% LOF. LOF was prepared by mixing altogether animal feces, urine, soil, green biomass, EM-4 and fresh water to total volume of 10 l in a plastic container. LOF was decanted to the polybag every week starting at one week after planting for four weeks to a total volume of 750 ml per polybag. Variables observed included soil pH, total organic-C, exchangeable K, soil nitrate-N, K concentration in plant tissue, K-uptake, and shoot dry weight of sweet corn The result showed that application of LOF from rabbit waste had the highest increment of soil pH as compared to the other treatment. However, exchangeable K was observed highest at the treatment of LOF from goat waste. Sources of LOF from animal wastes did not have an effect on K-uptake by mung bean. In addition, application of LOF up to 100% was able to improve soil chemical properties as indicated by the increase in soil pH and exchangeable K. So did the concentration and uptake of K, as well as shoot dry weight. Fertilization with LOF has benefit to the improvement of soil chemical properties leading to better K uptake.
O papel da Polícia Judiciária no Brasil e sua importância para a estruturação, manutenção, fortalecimento e evolução da democracia
Authors: Busnello Priscila de Castro 
Published: June 2018

O objetivo desse artigo é demonstrar a influência da atividade de Polícia Judiciária no Estado Democrático de Direito brasileiro, por meio de uma breve análise histórica e evolutiva. Foi a Revolução Francesa que representou o marco histórico dos direitos humanos e qualificou a polícia como uma instituiçã o cidadã e garantidora desses direitos. No entanto, foi com a Constituição Federal de 1988, que a funçã o de Polícia Judiciária, atribuída às Polícias Federal e Civis, passou a respaldar a manutenção e o fortalecimento das instituições democráticas noEstado de Direito Humanista.
Cooperação Jurídica Internacional: atribuições legais no auxílio direto
Authors: Júnior Milton Fornazari 
Published: June 2018

Trata-se de estudo acerca da cooperação jurídica internacional aplicada na persecução penal, por meio do auxílio direto (mutual legal assistance), analisada em especial as atribuições constitucionais e legais para o seu manuseio.
Competência em Sede de Investigação Preliminar: há prejuízos ao processo?
Authors: Lopes Alessandro Maciel 
Published: June 2018

Trata-se de breve pesquisa para analisar a adequação do uso da expressão “competência” à atividade de investigação preliminar e seus reflexos práticos na ação penal. Pretende-se analisar a validade da prova a partir da capacidade do agente que produz a investigação e formalização de seus atos.
The Impact of Environment on the Stellar Mass–Halo Mass Relation
Authors: Golden-Marx Jesse B. , Miller Christopher J. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
A large variance exists in the amplitude of the stellar mass–halo mass (SMHM) relation for group- and cluster-size halos. Using a sample of 254 clusters, we show that the magnitude gap between the brightest central galaxy (BCG) and its second or fourth brightest neighbor accounts for a significant portion of this variance. We find that at fixed halo mass, galaxy clusters with a larger magnitude gap have a higher BCG stellar mass. This relationship is also observed in semi-analytic representations of low-redshift galaxy clusters in simulations. This SMHM–magnitude gap stratification likely results from BCG growth via hierarchical mergers and may link the assembly of the halo with the growth of the BCG. Using a Bayesian model, we quantify the importance of the magnitude gap in the SMHM relation using a multiplicative stretch factor, which we find to be significantly non-zero. The inclusion of the magnitude gap in the SMHM relation results in a large reduction in the inferred intrinsic scatter in the BCG stellar mass at fixed halo mass. We discuss the ramifications of this result in the context of galaxy formation models of centrals in group- and cluster-size halos.
Total Record
Authors: Helleu Guillaume , Masure Anthony 
Published: June 2018

Le protocole Bitcoin (2009) s’inscrit dans le prolongement des utopies crypto-anarchistes visant à développer une monnaie numérique sécurisée et distribuée sur le réseau Internet pour échapper à la centralisation du pouvoir par les banques et les gouvernements. Récupérées en grande partie par la finance spéculative, ces technologies à chaînes de blocs ( blockchain ) se sont progressivement développées et dépassent désormais largement le champ monétaire (applications distribuées, contrats intelligents, jetons de valeurs, etc.). Malgré la persistance de certains freins sociaux et techniques, les protocoles blockchain pourraient-ils prendre de vitesse la logique destructrice du capitalisme financier ?
Variations d’intensité
Authors: Bisson Frédéric 
Published: June 2018

Cet article est une réplique à Tristan Garcia, qui a développé une critique de l’idéal moderne de la « vie intense ». La défense de l’intensité consiste à en penser la logique sur un exemple. Le rock sert ici d’expérience cruciale pour départager les deux conceptions rivales de l’intensité. La critique de Garcia repose en effet sur une opposition indue entre identité et intensité. Le mode d’existence phonographique des œuvres rock réfute cette opposition. L’article s’efforce ensuite de tirer les conséquences éthiques de cette nouvelle conception logique de l’intensité.
La démocratie comme enquête et comme forme de vie
Authors: Laugier Sandra 
Published: June 2018

La notion de forme de vie se retrouve aujourd’hui dans des contextes théoriques divers – Théorie critique, Wittgenstein, biopolitique, étude des styles et anthropologies de la vie. Elle permet de penser de nouvelles formes de critique et d’éthique dans un monde touché par le changement global et la radicalisation des inégalités sociales, sanitaires et environnementales. Au-delà de la vulnérabilité des formes de (la) vie humaine, apparue en situations de désastre ou de dénuement, le concept de formes de vie s’est également développé à l’articulation du social et de la vie pour décrire les diverses façons de faire inventivité et créer de nouvelles formes de vie. Cette présentation vise à rendre compte de la transformation en cours que signale cet usage dans des domaines tels le travail, la critique sociale ou l’innovation démocratique et les lieux où s’expérimentent de nouvelles formes de vie démocratique.
Modernism in Scandinavia
Authors: Ashby Charlotte 
Published: June 2018

Scandinavia is a region associated with modernity: modern design, modern living and a modern welfare state. This new history of modernism in Scandinavia offers a picture of the complex reality that lies behind the label: a modernism made up of many different figures, impulses and visions. It places the individuals who have achieved international fame, such as Edvard Munch and Alvar Aalto in a wider context, and through a series of case studies, provides a rich analysis of the art, architecture and design history of the Nordic region, and of modernism as a concept and mode of practice.
Scandinavian Modern addresses the decades between 1890 and 1970 and presents an intertwined history of modernism across the region. Charlotte Ashby gives a rationale for her focus on those countries which share an interrelated history and colonial past, but also stresses influences from outside the region, such as the English Arts and Crafts movement and the impact of emergent American modernism. Her richly illustrated account guides the reader through key historical periods and cultural movements, with case studies illuminating key art works, buildings, designed products and exhibitions.
Seasonal variability of atmospheric tides in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere: meteor radar data and simulations
Authors: Pokhotelov Dimitry , Becker Erich , Stober Gunter , Chau Jorge L. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract. Thermal tides play an important
role in the global atmospheric dynamics and provide a key mechanism for the
forcing of thermosphere–ionosphere dynamics from below. A method for
extracting tidal contributions, based on the adaptive filtering, is applied
to analyse multi-year observations of mesospheric winds from ground-based
meteor radars located in northern Germany and Norway. The observed seasonal
variability of tides is compared to simulations with the Kühlungsborn
Mechanistic Circulation Model (KMCM). It is demonstrated that the model
provides reasonable representation of the tidal amplitudes, though
substantial differences from observations are also noticed. The limitations
of applying a conventionally coarse-resolution model in combination with
parametrisation of gravity waves are discussed. The work is aimed towards the
development of an ionospheric model driven by the dynamics of the KMCM.
Assessing the impact of a future volcanic eruption on decadal predictions
Authors: Illing Sebastian , Kadow Christopher , Pohlmann Holger , Timmreck Claudia 
Published: June 2018

Abstract. The likelihood of a large volcanic eruption in the future provides the largest uncertainty concerning the evolution of the climate system on the timescale of a few years, but also an excellent opportunity to learn about the behavior of the climate system, and our models thereof. So the following question emerges: how predictable is the response of the climate system to future eruptions? By this we mean to what extent will the volcanic perturbation affect decadal climate predictions and how does the pre-eruption climate state influence the impact of the volcanic signal on the predictions? To address these questions, we performed decadal forecasts with the MiKlip prediction system, which is based on the MPI-ESM, in the low-resolution configuration for the initialization years 2012 and 2014, which differ in the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) and North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) phase. Each forecast contains an artificial Pinatubo-like eruption starting in June of the first prediction year and consists of 10 ensemble members. For the construction of the aerosol radiative forcing, we used the global aerosol model ECHAM5-HAM in a version adapted for volcanic eruptions. We investigate the response of different climate variables, including near-surface air temperature, precipitation, frost days, and sea ice area fraction. Our results show that the average global cooling response over 4 years of about 0.2 K and the precipitation decrease of about 0.025 mm day−1 is relatively robust throughout the different experiments and seemingly independent of the initialization state. However, on a regional scale, we find substantial differences between the initializations. The cooling effect in the North Atlantic and Europe lasts longer and the Arctic sea ice increase is stronger in the simulations initialized in 2014. In contrast, the forecast initialized in 2012 with a negative PDO shows a prolonged cooling in the North Pacific basin.
Intercomparison of different uncertainty sources in hydrological climate change projections for an alpine catchment (upper Clutha River, New Zealand)
Authors: Jobst Andreas M. , Kingston Daniel G. , Cullen Nicolas J. , Schmid Josef 
Published: June 2018

Abstract. As climate change is projected to alter both temperature and precipitation,
snow-controlled mid-latitude catchments are expected to experience
substantial shifts in their seasonal regime, which will have direct
implications for water management. In order to provide authoritative
projections of climate change impacts, the uncertainty inherent to all
components of the modelling chain needs to be accounted for. This study
assesses the uncertainty in potential impacts of climate change on the
hydro-climate of a headwater sub-catchment of New Zealand's largest catchment
(the Clutha River) using a fully distributed hydrological model (WaSiM) and
unique ensemble encompassing different uncertainty sources: general
circulation model (GCM), emission scenario, bias correction and snow model.
The inclusion of snow models is particularly important, given that (1) they
are a rarely considered aspect of uncertainty in hydrological modelling
studies, and (2) snow has a considerable influence on seasonal patterns of
river flow in alpine catchments such as the Clutha. Projected changes in
river flow for the 2050s and 2090s encompass substantial increases in
streamflow from May to October, and a decline between December and March. The
dominant drivers are changes in the seasonal distribution of precipitation
(for the 2090s +29 to +84 % in winter) and substantial decreases in
the seasonal snow storage due to temperature increase. A quantitative
comparison of uncertainty identified GCM structure as the dominant
contributor in the seasonal streamflow signal (44–57 %) followed by
emission scenario (16–49 %), bias correction (4–22 %) and snow
model (3–10 %). While these findings suggest that the role of the snow
model is comparatively small, its contribution to the overall uncertainty was
still found to be noticeable for winter and summer.
Multi-decadal mass balance series of three Kyrgyz glaciers inferred from modelling constrained with repeated snow line observations
Authors: Barandun Martina , Huss Matthias , Usubaliev Ryskul , Azisov Erlan , Berthier Etienne , Kääb Andreas , Bolch Tobias , Hoelzle Martin 
Published: June 2018

Abstract. Glacier surface mass balance observations in the Tien Shan and Pamir are relatively sparse and often discontinuous. Nevertheless, glaciers are one of the most important components of the high-mountain cryosphere in the region as they strongly influence water availability in the arid, continental and intensely populated downstream areas. This study provides reliable and continuous surface mass balance series for selected glaciers located in the Tien Shan and Pamir-Alay. By cross-validating the results of three independent methods, we reconstructed the mass balance of the three benchmark glaciers, Abramov, Golubin and Glacier no. 354 for the past 2 decades. By applying different approaches, it was possible to compensate for the limitations and shortcomings of each individual method. This study proposes the use of transient snow line observations throughout the melt season obtained from satellite optical imagery and terrestrial automatic cameras. By combining modelling with remotely acquired information on summer snow depletion, it was possible to infer glacier mass changes for unmeasured years. The model is initialized with daily temperature and precipitation data collected at automatic weather stations in the vicinity of the glacier or with adjusted data from climate reanalysis products. Multi-annual mass changes based on high-resolution digital elevation models and in situ glaciological surveys were used to validate the results for the investigated glaciers. Substantial surface mass loss was confirmed for the three studied glaciers by all three methods, ranging from −0.30 ± 0.19 to −0.41 ± 0.33 m w.e. yr−1 over the 2004–2016 period. Our results indicate that integration of snow line observations into mass balance modelling significantly narrows the uncertainty ranges of the estimates. Hence, this highlights the potential of the methodology for application to unmonitored glaciers at larger scales for which no direct measurements are available.
Dilthey and Darwin Combined? 19th Century Geisteswissenschaft for 21st Century Cultural Science
Authors: Herrmann-Pillath Carsten 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
This paper explores the relevance of Dilthey’s conceptualisation of the ‘Geisteswissenschaften’ (human sciences) for Cultural Science. In a nutshell, I argue that Cultural Science is Dilthey plus Darwin. In this effort, I define the Geisteswissenschaften as ‘performative sciences’: Taking economics as an example, I show that the Geisteswissenschaften are sciences which are ontologically productive in creating and performing the object of their research. That means, they are inherently normative since they entail critical reflexivity as a major mode of research. Following Dilthey, Geisteswissenschaften are deeply historical, which implies that their disciplinary structure is evolving together with their objects. Therefore, I argue that the 19th century division of disciplines needs to be thoroughly overhauled in the 21st century, including the division between economics and sociology, which is a left-over from 19th century nation-state development. New disciplines, with Cultural Science and Technosphere Science as prime examples, must be established to cope with the challenges of our times: where human agency, culture and technology have blurred long-established boundaries separating nature, culture and society; where identity and meaning have become global, fluid, contested and reflexive phenomena; and where nature (the environment) and culture (cities) are inextricably interrelated in the dynamics of the emergent Anthropocene system.
Associação entre valor cênico, turismo, religião e cultura na paisagem do Quadrilátero Ferrífero, Minas Gerais / Association between scenic value, tourism, religion and culture on the landscape (...)
Authors: Travassos Luiz Eduardo Panisset 
Published: June 2018

A ideia para elaboração do presente trabalho surgiu a partir do convite da Sociedade Brasileira de Espeleologia para elaboração de um capítulo sobre o valor cênico, turismo e religião em regiões que apresentam cavernas desenvolvidas em formações ferríferas. A partir da ideia inicial, decidiu-se ampliar o tema para que pudéssemos incluir, também, aspectos culturais da paisagem em uma região específica como a do Quadrilátero Ferrífero (QF), em Minas Gerais. Assim, tem-se como objetivo principal da pesquisa demonstrar a possibilidade de associação entre o valor cênico, turismo, religião e cultura no QF por meio da indicação de exemplos selecionados. Palavras-chave: Valor cênico, turismo, religião, cultura, Quadrilátero Ferrífero ABSTRACTThe idea of this paper emerged after the invitation by the Brazilian Society of Speleology for preparation of a chapter on the scenic value, tourism and religion in regions with caves developed in banded iron formations. From the initial idea, the author decided to expand the theme here so one could include the cultural aspects of the landscape in a specific region such as the Iron Quadrangle (Quadrilátero Ferrífero), in Minas Gerais. Thus, the main objective of this study is to demonstrate the possible association between the scenic value of a landscape together with tourism, religion and culture by indicating selected examples, especially in the QF. Keywords: scenic value, tourism, religion, culture, Quadrilátero Ferrífero