bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical and non-clinical aspects of reimbursement policy for orphan drugs in selected European countries
Authors: Jakubowski Szczepan , Holko Przemysław , Nowak Rafał , Warmuth Marisa , Dooms Marc , Salminen Outi , Cortial Lucas , Selke Gisbert W. , Georgi Christina , Magnússon Einar , Crisafulli Salvatore , Strijbosch Fons , Mueller Tanja , Grieve Eleanor , Danés Immaculada , Kawalec Paweł 
Published: November 2024

ObjectivesThe aim of the study was to assess the reimbursement policy for orphan drugs (ODs) in selected European countries in relation to the availability and impact of clinical evidence, health technology assessment (HTA) procedures and reimbursement decision-making.Materials and MethodsA list of authorized ODs was extracted from a web-based registry of the European Medicines Agency, including information on active substance, Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) classification code, and therapeutic area. A country-based questionnaire survey was conducted between September 2022 and September 2023 among selected experts from 12 European countries. A descriptive and statistical analysis was performed to identify correlations between country characteristic, HTA procedures, drug indication and positive recommendations or reimbursement decisions for ODs.ResultsSafety assessment for ODs was mandatory in 10 countries, while it was optional in one country (Italy) and not required in one country (Iceland). Efficacy assessment for ODs was mandatory in 11 countries and not required in one country (Iceland). The impact of safety and efficacy assessment on reimbursement decisions was rated as high in 10 countries and as low in one country (Germany). Dedicated OD legislation and policies were reported in seven countries. In two countries (Belgium, Iceland), the HTA was not mandatory, and in one country (Germany), it only had an informative function. A positive recommendation (from an HTA agency or advisory body) guaranteed reimbursement in four countries, while a negative recommendation excluded reimbursement only in one country (Iceland). The proportion of reimbursed ODs ranged from 23.5% in Iceland to 86% in Germany (p &lt; 0.001). ODs with ATC code L represented the largest group of medicines (n = 49). They were also very frequently reimbursed ODs in the countries studied, with a mean of 61.8% (p &lt; 0.001).ConclusionEuropean countries differ in terms of the impact of clinical issues and additional clinical aspects on the reimbursement policy for ODs. Reimbursement decisions were affected by OD-specific legislation, policies, and EMA authorization status. HTA dossiers and procedures significantly influenced reimbursement decisions, although some ODs were reimbursed regardless of the positive or negative recommendations. ATC codes were significantly correlated with reimbursement status and positive recommendation.
The conserved active site aspartate residue is required for the function of the chloroplast atypical kinase ABC1K1
Authors: Turquand Maud , Justo Da Silva Ana Rita , Pralon Thibaut , Longoni Fiamma , Kessler Felix , Collombat Joy 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionThe Arabidopsis abc1k1/pgr6 (Activity of BC1 complex/proton regulation 6) mutant is characterized by photosynthetic and conditional developmental phenotypes triggered by stressful red as well as high light. The Arabidopsis ABC1-like kinases belong to the atypical kinase family and contain conserved ATP-binding and hydrolysis motifs, but their physiological requirement has never been investigated.MethodsBy mutation to asparagine, we demonstrate that the highly conserved active site aspartate residue within ATP-binding motif VIIb is required for the physiological functions of ABC1K1.ResultsComplementation of the abc1k1 knock out mutant with ABC1K1 D400N, failed to restore the wildtype phenotype.DiscussionThese results provide in vivo evidence for a critical role of the active site aspartate residue (D400) of ABC1K1.
Effects of public data open on performance of government functions in China: the roles of digital economy and market economic system adopting the perspective of resource- based view
Authors: Zhang Diandian , Mu Zijian , Tan Zhiqian 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionThe emergence of the digital economy necessitates effective government guidance and regulation of enterprise behavior to ensure fair market competition. Understanding how public data open can enhance the performance of government functions is crucial, particularly in understanding the roles of key factors like the development of the digital economy and the current state of the market economic system. This study explores the effects of public data open on performance of government functions from a resource-based perspective.MethodsUsing a dataset of 237 Chinese cities from 2017 to 2021, we employed a two-way fixed-effects model to investigate the mechanisms. This includes its interaction with the development of the digital economy and the moderating role of the market economic system.ResultsThe findings reveal that public data open significantly improves performance of government functions, as validated by a multi-temporal DID model and various robustness checks. Notably, the development of the digital economy mediates this relationship, while the market economic system has a strong positive moderating effect. The effects of public data open on performance of government functions also exhibits significant variability.DiscussionRecommendations include coordinating regional public data open resource planning and allocation, enhancing public data open rules and objectives by region, and promoting synergy between public data open, development of digital economy and the market economic system.
PsicoCare: a pilot randomized controlled trial testing a psychological intervention combining cognitive-behavioral treatment and positive psychology therapy in acute coronary syndrome patients
Authors: Magán Inés , Jurado-Barba Rosa , Moreno Guillermo , Ayán-Sanz María Paz , Izquierdo-Garcia Juan , Corradi Guido , Tello Rocio , Bueno Héctor 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundAlthough psychological factors play a significant role in the onset and prognosis of acute coronary syndrome (ACS), psychological interventions (PIs) are rarely included in cardiac rehabilitation (CR) programs due to inconclusive evidence regarding specific intervention components and effect sizes. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of a PI based on cognitive-behavioral treatment (CBT) and positive psychology therapy (PPT) in improving psychological and clinical outcomes in patients with ACS.MethodsThis PsicoCare trial was an open-label randomized controlled trial that compared a combined CBT and PPT-based PI (the PsicoCare program) with a standard CR program (control group). We recruited 87 ACS patients, and psychological outcomes, functional capacity, biochemical and anthropometric measures, and clinical outcomes were assessed at baseline, 2 months, and 9 months after the ACS event.ResultsThe PsicoCare group showed significant improvements in depression, anger traits, anger-in, and anger control-out compared to the control group. Additionally, the PsicoCare intervention was associated with the improved maintenance of cognitive function, social support, and spiritual coping styles, while the control group showed deterioration in these areas. Patients experiencing severe ACS showed significant improvement in personal strength and meaning as a result of the PsicoCare intervention. However, no significant effects were observed on anxiety, anger-out, emotion regulation skills, dispositional optimism, other personal strengths, or quality of life. Both groups demonstrated similar improvements in functional capacity and clinical outcomes.ConclusionThe study suggests that CBT and PPT-based PIs may offer additional benefits for ACS patients, particularly regarding their psychological health. Further larger trials are required to confirm these findings.Clinical trial registrationidentifier, NCT05287061.
Multilevel associations of peer cognitive factors and adolescent cannabis use in a legal recreational cannabis region
Authors: Kenyon Emily A. , Yang Manshu , Chung Tammy , Wilson Anna C. , Feldstein Ewing Sarah W. 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundCannabis use can have unintended, harmful consequences for adolescents, a developmental group that struggles with heightened pressure to align with peer attitudes and behaviors. The role of social-cognitive factors in shifting cannabis use dynamics remains under explored, particularly in states where recreational cannabis use is legal.ObjectivesThe present study examined multilevel longitudinal associations between resistance to peer influence, peer norms, and adolescent cannabis use over the course of 12 months.MethodParticipants were N=204 adolescents ages 15-19 (Mage = 18.68; 67% female) recruited via community outreach after the legalization of adult (age 21+) recreational cannabis use in the Portland, Oregon metropolitan region. Eligible participants endorsed 1+ heavy episodic drinking (HED) episode in the prior two months. Data were collected across four timepoints over 12 months. Multilevel latent growth curve modeling investigated associations between time-varying cognitive factors (resistance to peer influence, peer norms) and two cannabis outcomes (hazardous use, past-month use).ResultsFindings showed individual increases in hazardous cannabis use over time were significantly associated with adolescents reporting higher peer norms (i.e., higher perceived prevalence and frequency of peer cannabis use) and lower resistance to peer influence. When assessing between-adolescent differences, hazardous cannabis use was only associated with peer norms. Individual variation over time and between-adolescent differences on past-month cannabis use was associated with peer norms, but not resistance to peer influence.ConclusionsEvolving cognitive factors like resistance to peer influence and peer norms may enhance understanding of longitudinal changes in hazardous cannabis use among adolescents and implicate helpful targets for prevention and intervention. It is a public health priority to identify factors that contribute to adolescent use trajectories in this period of growing cannabis legislation in order to guide the development of impactful prevention and intervention strategies.
Dual assurance for healthcare and future education development: normalized assistance for low-income population in rural areas—evidence from the population identification
Authors: Peng Xiaoyan , Zeng Yanzhao , Chen Yanrui , Wang Huaxing 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionThis study aims to explore the relationship between healthcare and future education among the rural low-income population, using J City in Guangdong Province as the focal area. Addressing both healthcare and educational concerns, this research seeks to provide insights that can guide policy and support for this demographic.MethodsUtilizing big data analysis and deep learning algorithms, a targeted intelligent identification classification model was developed to accurately detect and classify rural low-income individuals. Additionally, a questionnaire survey methodology was employed to separately investigate healthcare and future education dimensions among the identified population.ResultsThe proposed model achieved a population identification accuracy of 91.93%, surpassing other baseline neural network algorithms by at least 2.65%. Survey results indicated low satisfaction levels in healthcare areas, including medical resource distribution, medication costs, and access to basic medical facilities, with satisfaction rates below 50%. Regarding future education, issues such as tuition burdens, educational opportunity disparities, and accessibility challenges highlighted the concerns of rural low-income families.DiscussionThe high accuracy of the model demonstrates its potential for precise identification and classification of low-income populations. Insights derived from healthcare and education surveys reveal systemic issues affecting satisfaction and accessibility. This research thus provides a valuable foundation for future studies and policy development targeting rural low-income populations in healthcare and education.
The reciprocal relationship between depressive symptoms and deliberate self-harm among Chinese rural adolescents: a cross-lagged panel analysis
Authors: Liu Qijiao , Xu Xiaohe , Jiang Jianjun , Peng Wei , Ji Yuanyi , Yang Ruixi , Zhang Ming , Li Shiying , Li Yuchen , Liu Qiaolan 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundWhile the association between depressive symptoms and deliberate self-harm in adolescence is extensively documented, the nature, bi-directionality, and longitudinal dynamics of this relationship remain underexplored. This study aims to investigate the causal and reciprocal relationship between depressive symptoms and deliberate self-harm among rural adolescents in western China.MethodsA 2-year panel study was conducted among 1,840 adolescents aged 10–18 attending rural junior and senior high schools in Sichuan Province, China. The Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale (CES-D) and a global measure of self-reported deliberate self-harm were utilized to examine the relationship between depressive symptoms and deliberate self-harm using both classic and random intercept cross-lagged panel models. Multi-group comparisons were carried out for the gender, pubertal stage, and academic performance subgroups.ResultsPositive and statistically significant correlations were found between depressive symptoms and deliberate self-harm both within and across the three waves of the panel survey, after adjusting for covariates, among rural adolescents in western China (Range: 0.05–0.28, p &lt; 0.05). As anticipated, depressive symptoms positively predicted later deliberate self-harm, which in turn reciprocally predicted subsequent depressive symptoms, both between and within individuals. While the cross-lagged effects were invariant by gender and academic performance, the effect of baseline depressive symptoms on later deliberate self-harm was stronger for adolescents in the early pubertal stage (β = 0.19, 95% Confidence Interval: 0.08 to 0.30) than for those in the middle-to-late pubertal stage (β = 0.13, 95% CI: 0.06 to 0.19).ConclusionThere is a causal and reciprocal relationship between depressive symptoms and deliberate self-harm among rural adolescents in China. Not only does this finding lend further credence to a growing body of research on adolescents’ self-harming behaviors but also informs early intervention strategies aimed at improving behavioral health of rural adolescents in western China.
Evaluation of wastewater surveillance for SARS-CoV-2 in a prison population: a mixed-methods approach
Authors: Jones Gethin , Nelson Andrew , Chadwick David R. , Cobley Steve , Jones Davey L. , Perrett Stephanie , Perry William Bernard , Weightman Andrew J. , Williams Rachel C. , Thomas Daniel Rhys 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundPrisons are high-risk settings for the transmission of communicable disease. Robust surveillance systems are required to identify and control outbreaks. Wastewater surveillance for SARS-CoV-2 was introduced in four prisons in Wales in March 2022. We investigated its contribution to the COVID-19 surveillance programme.MethodsWe evaluated prison wastewater surveillance against eight system attributes using a mixed-methods approach. Semi-structured interviews were completed with key stakeholders to assess usefulness, flexibility and acceptability. Quantitative analyses were completed to assess data quality, sensitivity, positive-predictive value, representativeness and timeliness. To assess sensitivity of the system to detect changes in incidence we carried out a time-series analysis comparing levels of virus in wastewater with trends in confirmed COVID-19 cases from clinical surveillance.ResultsInterviews with stakeholders indicated that wastewater surveillance is a useful adjunct to existing case-based surveillance. However, it had limited influence on action taken within the prison, often lagging behind existing surveillance and not specific enough to target interventions. The novelty of wastewater surveillance meant stakeholders lacked confidence in interpreting the data. Despite these limitations, wastewater surveillance detected changes in SARS-CoV-2 activity in Welsh prison populations which corroborated trends in case surveillance.ConclusionPrison wastewater surveillance, implemented in Wales for a period during the COVID-19 pandemic, was useful and should be considered as part of a wider surveillance programme in response to future SARS-CoV-2 waves, or in response to future pandemics. It is particularly beneficial in the absence of comprehensive clinical testing. We identified several limitations to address should this surveillance be re-started.
Knowledge, attitude, practice and associated factors about voluntary blood donation among regular undergraduate students of Wachemo University, Southcentral Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Mussema Abdulhakim , Nigussie Bethelhem , Anmaw Biruk , Abera Habtamu , Nageso Habib , Gebre Bawore Solomon , Shemsu Amina , Woldesenbet Dagmawi , Mohammed Kemal , Seid Abdurezak Mohammed , Admasu Dawit 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionHuman blood plays a crucial role in transporting metabolic waste and essential minerals, including oxygen, to cells. Blood transfusions are a critical intervention in various situations such as trauma, inherited bleeding disorders, childbirth, and numerous medical and surgical procedures, often being the only means to prevent death. A significant challenge, particularly in developing nations, is maintaining a sufficient supply of safe blood. An individual’s mindset, beliefs, and familiarity with blood donation significantly affect their willingness to donate. This research aimed to evaluate the knowledge, attitudes, practices, and related factors concerning voluntary blood donation among undergraduate regular students at Wachemo University in Southcentral Ethiopia.Materials and methodsA cross-sectional study was conducted from October 19 to November 10, 2023, using a stratified random sampling method to select participants. Data were gathered through self-administered structured and semi-structured questionnaires. The responses regarding knowledge, attitudes, and practices were analyzed using SPSS version 24 and presented through text, figures, and tables.ResultA total of 393 respondents participated in the study (97.76% response rate), comprising 59% males and 41% females. Of the participants, 77.6% demonstrated adequate knowledge, 79.6% exhibited positive attitudes, while only 19.3% had engaged in blood donation. Factors influencing these outcomes included knowledge, previous residence, and college background. Reluctance to donate blood was primarily linked to fear and concerns about time constraint.Conclusion and recommendationsThe findings indicate that while a majority of students possess good knowledge (77.6%) and favorable attitudes (79.6%) toward blood donation, only a small fraction (19.3%) actively participates in the practice. It is recommended that the institution collaborate with relevant stakeholders to address the factors affecting voluntary blood donation among students. In addition, incorporating topics on blood donation and its significance into the university curriculum can foster a culture of generosity among students. This strategy is essential for improving blood donation rates in this region.
Influencing factor analysis of family doctor contract service among older adults: evidence from China
Authors: Xie Shiyu , Ni Zihan , Yang Xiya , Xu Ningze , Zhu Chengfang , Huo Liting , Zhu Xiuyuan , Yang Xiaoguang 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundFamily doctor contract services are essential to primary healthcare and play a significant role in improving the health of older adults. However, contract rates among older adults vary widely. Investigating the factors influencing contract rates is crucial for optimizing policies and increasing participation in family doctor services.MethodsThis study used data from Wangying Community Health Service Center, encompassing 5,684 older adults in 2018. To address the endogeneity issue arising from sample selection bias, the study utilized a 1:1 nearest-neighbor matching method for counterfactual testing, balancing potential confounding factors between the contract and non-contract groups. Subsequently, multiple logistic regression analysis was performed on the matched data to explore the impact of gender, age, number of medical visits, and the number of chronic conditions on family doctor contract behavior.ResultsGender did not significantly impact contracting behavior. However, age, the number of medical visits, and the number of chronic diseases significantly influenced family doctor contract (β = 0.457, p &lt; 0.01; β = 0.286, p &lt; 0.05; β = −0.229, p &lt; 0.1). An inverted U-shaped relationship was found between age and contracting behavior (β = −0.003, p &lt; 0.01).ConclusionThe factors influencing older residents’ decisions to sign up for family doctor services are complex and diverse. The conclusion of the study provides valuable reference and guidance for policymakers to further improve the family doctor contracting system and optimize contracting strategies by considering the characteristics of different older adults.
Where do we go from here? Reconciling implementation failure of PrEP for Black women in the South. Leveraging critical realism to identify unaddressed barriers as we move forward
Authors: Irie Whitney C. , Mahone Anais , Heffron Renee , Elopre Latesha 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionPrEP, a highly effective HIV prevention measure, provides autonomy to individuals in managing their HIV acquisition vulnerability. Despite its availability in tenofovir-based oral pills and injectable cabotegravir formulations, PrEP uptake among Black cisgender women in the U.S. South, a region with a high HIV burden, remains critically low. This demographic faces a disproportionately high rate of new HIV diagnoses, yet fewer than 10% of women in the US who could benefit from PrEP are currently receiving it.MethodsUtilizing a critical realism interpretative framework, this narrative review employed a tri-level analysis strategy to examine the empirical, actual, and real domains influencing PrEP implementation among Black women in the Southern U.S. The empirical level refers to observable events and data (e.g., PrEP uptake rates), the actual level encompasses experiences and actions that may not always be directly observed (e.g., healthcare interactions and community engagement), and the real level involves the deeper structures and mechanisms (e.g., systemic racism and cultural narratives) that shape these outcomes. A comprehensive search of peer-reviewed literature from PubMed and other sources was conducted to identify barriers and facilitators to PrEP uptake in this population.ResultsThe analysis revealed significant barriers, including structural violence, socioeconomic disparities, medical mistrust, stigma, and inadequate healthcare policies. Empirical data showed variability in PrEP awareness and interest among Black women, while actual experiences highlighted misaligned marketing strategies, financial constraints, and interpersonal dynamics. At the real level, underlying mechanisms such as systemic racism and cultural narratives were identified as critical impediments to PrEP uptake.DiscussionAddressing these multifaceted barriers requires a comprehensive, multi-level approach that integrates personalized, community-centric strategies. Emphasizing the need for healthcare providers, community leaders, researchers, and policymakers to collaborate, the review proposes actionable strategies to enhance PrEP implementation, focusing on education, structural reforms, and policy changes to improve access and acceptability among Black women in the South.