bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A model of the dark side of expatriate–host country national relationships
Authors: Ljubica Jasenko , Shaffer Margaret , Tin Sabrina , McKouen Kevin 
Published: June 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to develop a nomological model of the dark side of expatriate–host country national (HCN) relationships by identifying and explaining the development and the types of expatriate–HCN disruptive relationship behaviors (DRBs), their antecedents and consequences.Design/methodology/approachThe authors conducted semi-structured interviews (n=27) with both expatriates and HCNs, focusing on DRBs that they exhibit toward each other, the factors preceding them (antecedents) and the mechanisms through which they affect the relationship between expatriates and HCNs, as well as the outcomes of such behaviors.FindingsThe findings show that relational dysfunction emanates from multilevel differences between expatriates and HCNs, and these differences induce workplace conflicts. These conflicts increase relational (emotional, social, instrumental and opportunity) costs that render both dyadic members to evaluate their relationship and socially categorize each other negatively, thus, detaching from the relationship. This detachment then leads to disruptive relational behaviors that amplify the conflicts and detachment dynamics and worsen interpersonal and intergroup dynamics, ultimately resulting in relational breakdown.Research limitations/implicationsThis study possesses methodological (e.g. relatively small number of interviewees) and conceptual (e.g. high degree of comprehensiveness) limitations. However, these offer implications for further research as they open a multitude of promising research avenues that could enhance the proposed model.Originality/valueThis is the first study the authors are aware of that focuses on discovering and explaining the nomological network of the dark side of expatriate–HCN relationships. The use of interdependence theory to understand cross-cultural relationships is novel. As such, it delivers theoretical and empirical contributions and fosters further research efforts.
Privatising land in England
Authors: Layard Antonia 
Published: June 2019

Purpose
This paper aims to analyse the extent to which privatising – or denationalising land – has legal and policy effects.

Design/methodology/approach
It applies the law in context scholarship to the question of land privatisation.

Findings
Of all the recent privatisations in England, the most valuable, and yet least recorded, is of land. According to one estimate, two million hectares or 10 per cent of the Britain landmass, left the public sector for private ownership between 1979 and 2018. Privatisations include land that is sold, leased or where a public body changes its status. This paper aims to explore these privatisations, considering them as denationalisations, concluding that the effects are most significant in housing where the differences between social and private renting in relation to rents, the security of tenure and housing quality are striking. Moreover, although other public law restraints on the state-owned property are often limited, they are also still significant, facilitating scrutiny, particularly in combination with the public sector equality duty or site-specific duties for libraries, allotments or playing fields. All the sites disposed of to private developers, landlords and companies have lost these protections.

Originality/value
This is the first time this question has been considered in this way from a legal perspective.
Authentic leadership and employee performance: mediating role of organizational commitment
Authors: Hadian Nasab Ali , Afshari Leila 
Published: June 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of authentic leadership (AL) on employee performance (EP) and to examine the mediating role of organizational commitment (OC).

Design/methodology/approach
Data were obtained from all employees (216) of tourism agencies in Guilan province (Iran) using a 19-item survey. In total, 173 questionnaires were returned, yielding a response rate of 80 percent. A mediation model was outlined and tested using structural equation modeling.

Findings
The results showed that AL had a significant effect on EP and OC. The findings further demonstrated the significance of the relationship between OC and EP confirming the mediating role of OC.

Practical implications
This study suggests that managers can promote OC and consequently EP by adopting an AL style. In addition, the managerial and theoretical foundations generated by this study can be considered a solution for improving EP.

Originality/value
This study contributes to the EP literature by providing a plausible explanation of the mediating role of OC in connecting AL to EP.
Small investors’ internet sentiment and return predictability
Authors: Klemola Antti 
Published: June 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to propose a novel and new direct measurement of small investor sentiment in the equity market. The sentiment is based on the individual investors’ internet search activity.

Design/methodology/approach
The author measures unexpected changes in the small investor sentiment with AR (1) process, where the residuals capture the unexpected changes in small investor sentiment. The author employs vector autoregressive, Granger causality and linear regression models to estimate the association between the unexpected changes in small investor sentiment and future equity market returns.

Findings
An unexpected increase in the search popularity of the term bear market is negatively associated with the following week’s equity market returns. An unexpected increase in the spread (the difference in popularities between a bull market and a bear market) is positively associated with the following week’s equity market returns. The author finds that these effects are stronger for small-sized companies.

Originality/value
By author’s knowledge, the paper is the first that measures the small investor sentiment that is based on the internet search activity for keywords used in the American Association of Individual Investor’s (AAII) survey questions. The paper proposes an alternative small investor sentiment measure that captures the changes in small investor sentiment in more timely fashion than the AAII survey.
Machining performance of 3D-printed ABS electrode coated with copper in EDM
Authors: Danade Ujwal A. , Londhe Shrikant D. , Metkar Rajesh M. 
Published: June 2019

Purpose
Rapid tooling (RT) technique using rapid prototyping (RP) process has been looked upon as an approach which reduces time and cost of production. This study aims to produce electrode for electrical discharge machining (EDM) from acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) material using the fused deposition modeling (FDM) process of RP. The electrode is coated with copper to a depth of 1 mm by using electroplating to make it conductive. This electrode is termed as RP electrode. The performance of RP electrode having square shape is compared with that of solid electrode of copper having identical size.

Design/methodology/approach
In this study, the work piece material is chosen to be titanium Grade-V alloy (Ti-Al6-V4). The input parameters on the EDM machine such as discharge current, pulse on time and voltage are studied, and experiments are designed using the Taguchi method.

Findings
The results pertaining to the material removal rate (MRR), electrode wear rate (EWR) and surface roughness (Ra) are reported. It is found that the performance of a coated RP electrode is equally satisfactory when compared with that of a solid electrode.

Originality/value
This paper reports the machining performance of a square-shaped ABS electrode coated with copper. This technique, particularly when the electrode is of intricate shape, saves on cost and time of production of electrode to be used for EDM.
Temperature distribution simulations during electron beam freeform fabrication process based on the fully threaded tree
Authors: Yin Yajun , Duan Wei , Wu Kai , Li Yangdong , Zhou Jianxin , Shen Xu , Wang Min 
Published: June 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to simulate the temperature distribution during an electron beam freeform fabrication (EBF3) process based on a fully threaded tree (FTT) technique in various scales and to analyze the temperature variation with time in different regions of the part.

Design/methodology/approach
This study presented a revised model for the temperature simulation in the EBF3 process. The FTT technique was then adopted as an adaptive grid strategy in the simulation. Based on the simulation results, an analysis regarding the temperature distribution of a circular deposit and substrate was performed.

Findings
The FTT technique was successfully adopted in the simulation of the temperature field during the EBF3 process. The temperature bands and oscillating temperature curves appeared in the deposit and substrate.

Originality/value
The FTT technique was introduced into the numerical simulation of an additive manufacturing process. The efficiency of the process was improved, and the FTT technique was convenient for the 3D simulations and multi-pass deposits.
Does personality drive price bubbles?
Authors: Oehler Andreas , Wedlich Florian , Wendt Stefan , Horn Matthias 
Published: June 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to analyze whether differences in market-wide levels of investor personality influence experimental asset market outcomes in terms of limit orders, price levels and price bubbles.Design/methodology/approachInvestor personality is determined by a questionnaire. These data are combined with data from 17 experimental asset markets. Two approaches are used to estimate market-wide levels of investor personality. First, the market-wide average of each personality trait is determined; second, the percentage of individuals with comparable personality in a market is computed. Overall, 364 undergraduate business students participated in the questionnaire and the experimental asset markets.FindingsLimits and transaction prices are higher in markets with higher mean values in participants’ extraversion and openness to experience and lower mean values in participants’ agreeableness and neuroticism. In markets with lower mean values of subjects’ openness to experiences more overpriced transactions are observed. In markets with a higher proportion of extraverted subjects and a lower proportion of neurotic subjects higher limits and transaction prices are observed. Bubble phases last longer in markets with a higher proportion of extraverted and a lower proportion of neurotic subjects.Originality/valueOverall, the findings suggest that market-wide personality levels influence market outcomes. As a consequence, market-wide levels of personality help to explain prices in auctions with limited number of participants. Additionally, studies that analyze the influence of subjects’ characteristics, including risk aversion, emotional states or overconfidence, on market outcomes should also consider personality traits as potential underlying factor.
The endoparasitoid Psyllaephagus arenarius benefits from ectoparasitic venom via multiparasitism with the ectoparasitoid Tamarixia lyciumi
Authors: Wu Peng‐Xiang , Ma Bao‐Xu , Wu Feng‐Ming , Xu Jing , Zhang Run‐Zhi 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAs solitary nymphal parasitoids of Paratrioza sinica, the ectoparasitoid Tamarixia lyciumi and the endoparasitoid Psyllaephagus arenarius act as effective biocontrol agents. Thus, it is necessary to facilitate mass productions of both species. Despite showing an excellent parasitic ability, Ps. arenarius is often trapped fatally inside 5th‐instar nymphs of Pa. sinica due to strong host immunity. To improve the emergence rate of Ps. arenarius, we evaluated whether Ps. arenarius could utilize T. lyciumi venom via multiparasitism, so the parasitism characteristics of both species were examined between separate‐existence (monoparasitism only) and co‐existence (mono‐ and multiparasitism) systems. Further, the parasitism characteristics of Ps. arenarius on venom‐injected hosts with/without T. lyciumi eggs were tested to further identify the facilitator. The results showed the parasitism rate of T. lyciumi was increased while that of Ps. arenarius did not change from separate‐existence to co‐existence systems. The intrinsic performances of two species in monoparasitism did not differ between separate‐ and co‐existence systems. From monoparasitism (separate‐existence) to multiparasitism (co‐existence), no differences were detected in the intrinsic performances of T. lyciumi, but those of Ps. arenarius were greatly improved. After T. lyciumi venom injection, the parasitism characteristics of Ps. arenarius did not differ between venom‐injected hosts with T. lyciumi eggs and those without, further indicating Ps. arenarius benefited from the venom of T. lyciumi females rather than T. lyciumi egg/larval secretions. Instead of negative effects, multiparasitism with ectoparasitoids improves endoparasitoids due to ectoparasitic venom. The study increases host resource utilization and provides creative ways for mass production of endoparasitoids.
Ageing in men with normal spermatogenesis alters spermatogonial dynamics and nuclear morphology in Sertoli cells
Authors: Pohl E. , Höffken V. , Schlatt S. , Kliesch S. , Gromoll J. , Wistuba J. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundAgeing in men is believed to be associated with fertility decline and elevated risk of congenital disorders for the offspring. The previous studies also reported reduced germ and Sertoli cell numbers in older men. However, it is not clear whether ageing in men with normal spermatogenesis affects the testis and germ cell population dynamics in a way sufficient for transmitting adverse age effects to the offspring.ObjectivesWe examined men with normal spermatogenesis at different ages concerning effects on persisting testicular cell types, that is the germ line and Sertoli cells, as these cell populations are prone to be exposed to age effects.Material and methodsAgeing was assessed in testicular biopsies of 32 patients assigned to three age groups: (i) 28.8 ± 2.7 years; (ii) 48.1 ± 1 years; and (iii) 70.9 ± 6.2 years, n = 8 each, with normal spermatogenesis according to the Bergmann–Kliesch score, and in a group of meiotic arrest patients (29.9 ± 3.8 years, n = 8) to decipher potential links between different germ cell types. Besides morphometry of seminiferous tubules and Sertoli cell nuclei, we investigated spermatogenic output/efficiency, and dynamics of spermatogonial populations via immunohistochemistry for MAGE A4, PCNA, CREM and quantified A‐pale/A‐dark spermatogonia.ResultsWe found a constant spermatogenic output (CREM‐positive round spermatids) in all age groups studied. In men beyond their mid‐40s (group 2), we detected increased nuclear and nucleolar size in Sertoli cells, indirectly indicating an elevated protein turnover. From the 7th decade (group 3) of life onwards, testes showed increased proliferation of undifferentiated spermatogonia, decreased spermatogenic efficiency and elevated numbers of proliferating A‐dark spermatogonia.Discussion and conclusionMaintaining normal sperm output seems to be an intrinsic determinant of spermatogenesis. Ageing appears to affect this output and might provoke compensatory proliferation increase in A spermatogonia which, in turn, might hamper germ cell integrity.
Circulating Power: Humanitarian Logistics, Militarism, and the United Arab Emirates
Authors: Ziadah Rafeef 
Published: June 2019

AbstractWhile critical authors have interrogated the roots of business logistics, this paper extends the analysis and contributes to a larger critique of the cohering field of Humanitarian Logistics (HL), noting the overlap in the logistical cartographies of militarism and humanitarianism. The focus is on the UAE's expanding logistics space into the Horn of Africa and the production of specialised HL zones like Dubai International Humanitarian City (DIHC). The article makes three core arguments. First, a logistics lens enables us to expand the study of aid beyond immediate conflict zones, into more distant spaces often constructed as “stable”. Second, the placement of logistics at the core of aid delivery has been a key mechanism for inserting market imperatives into humanitarian activities. Third, this gives countries outside the advanced core, such as the UAE, power to leverage and expand their logistics space for multiple purposes, in war making, aid, and commercial activities.
Consistent alterations in faecal microbiomes of patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis independent of associated colitis
Authors: Rühlemann Malte , Liwinski Timur , Heinsen Femke‐Anouska , Bang Corinna , Zenouzi Roman , Kummen Martin , Thingholm Louise , Tempel Marie , Lieb Wolfgang , Karlsen Tom , Lohse Ansgar , Hov Johannes , Denk Gerald , Lammert Frank , Krawczyk Marcin , Schramm Christoph , Franke Andre 
Published: June 2019

SummaryBackgroundSingle‐centre studies reported alterations of faecal microbiota in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). As regional factors may affect microbial communities, it is unclear if a microbial signature of PSC exists across different geographical regions.AimTo identify a robust microbial signature of PSC independent of geography and environmental influences.MethodsWe included 388 individuals (median age, 47 years; range, 15‐78) from Germany and Norway in the study, 137 patients with PSC (n = 75 with colitis), 118 with ulcerative colitis (UC) and 133 healthy controls. Faecal microbiomes were analysed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing (V1‐V2). Differences in relative abundances of single taxa were subjected to a meta‐analysis.ResultsIn both cohorts, microbiota composition (beta‐diversity) differed between PSC patients and controls (P < 0.001). Random forests classification discriminated PSC patients from controls in both geographical cohorts with an average area under the curve of 0.88. Compared to healthy controls, many new cohort‐spanning alterations were identified in PSC, such as an increase of Proteobacteria and the bile‐tolerant genus Parabacteroides, which were detected independent from geographical region. Associated colitis only had minor effects on microbiota composition, suggesting that PSC itself drives the faecal microbiota changes observed.ConclusionCompared to healthy controls, numerous microbiota alterations are reproducible in PSC patients across geographical regions, clearly pointing towards a microbiota composition that is shaped by the disease itself and not by environmental factors. These reproducibly altered microbial populations might provide future insights into the pathophysiology of PSC.
Managed trade: The US–Mexico sugar suspension agreements
Authors: Carter Colin A. , Saitone Tina L. , Schaefer K. Aleks 
Published: June 2019

AbstractUnder the 1994 North American Free Trade Agreement, Mexican sugar producers were ultimately granted free access to the US sugar market, while all other suppliers, including US refiners, were subject to supply quotas. Following a surge in imports of Mexican sugar, the American Sugar Coalition initiated anti‐dumping and countervailing duty (ADCVD) proceedings against Mexico in early 2014. In December 2014, the ADCVD cases were halted as a result of two suspension agreements negotiated between the US and Mexico. This paper contributes to a small number of empirical studies that have estimated the impact of suspension agreements. We measure the impacts of the ADCVD filings and the suspension agreements on US domestic raw and refined prices, the raw‐to‐refined margin and the quantity and composition of sugar imports from Mexico. Results suggest US raw sugar prices increased by 3¢ per lb. (14%) under ADCVD proceedings, equivalent to an ad valorem tariff between 40% and 50%, while the suspension agreements increased US raw sugar prices by 5¢ (70% tariff equivalent). US refined sugar prices increased by similar amounts under the ADCVD proceedings and the suspension agreements (4.5¢ per lb.). Ultimately, both the ADCVD proceedings and the suspension agreements significantly reduced sugar imports from Mexico. US sugar refiner economic welfare hinges critically on the quantity and composition of raw sugar imports. As such, refiner revenue, following the ADCVD filings and suspension agreements, is estimated to have declined by 16%, relative to a free trade environment.
The effects of corruption on the human capital accumulation process: Evidence from Vietnam
Authors: Thi Hoa Truong 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThis study aims to identify the effects of corruption on the human capital accumulation process in Vietnamese provinces/cities. I employ labour quality assessments of firms as a proxy for human capital and divide human capital accumulation into the following two processes: an educational process and a process through which educational outcomes and worker training transform into labour quality. The estimation results have some notable implications for the Vietnamese context. Corruption has both negative and positive effects on human capital. On the one hand, corruption reduces the positive effect of local government spending on educational achievements and worsens labour quality. On the other hand, the prevalence of corruption in provinces/cities increases the advantages of local schools in the competition to obtain funds from the central government; hence, corruption enhances educational achievements in those regions. The results of this study indicate that corruption adversely affects human capital overall.
Report of Bursaphelenchus crenati Rühm, 1956 (Nematoda: Parasitaphelenchinae) from Belarus and Russia with a diagnostic key and phylogeny of the Sexdentati group
Authors: Ryss Alexander Yu. , Polyanina Kristina S. , Petrov Alexander V. , Sazonov Alexander A. , Mandelshtam Michail Yu. , Subbotin Sergei A. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe endoparasitic nematode, Bursaphelenchus crenati, in beetle tunnels of Hylesinus crenatus from the ash Fraxinus excelsior L. with signs of ash dieback, is recorded for the first time in Central Russia and Belarus. Third‐stage dauer juveniles were extracted from the bark beetle, H. crenatus, and cultured on Botrytis cinerea. Morphological, morphometric and molecular analyses of these populations are presented here. Some morphological differences of dauers and adults were found between Belarusian and Russian populations, which may be attributed to seasonal variations. For description of new Bursaphelenchus species, it is recommended to indicate not only the number of lateral incisures but also the number of bands. Recommendations are made to classify the male caudal papillae of Bursaphelenchus into two groups: papilliform and gland papillae with separate numerals. Emended diagnosis, tabular diagnostic polytomous key for the species of Sexdentati group with lists of their vectors and plants, is given. Phylogenetic relationships between some species of the Sexdentati group are also presented based on the analysis of partial 18S, ITS and 28S rRNA gene sequences.
Scapulohumeral arthrodesis in four Shetland ponies
Authors: Kadic L. , Brunsting J. , Vanderperren K. , Martens A. 
Published: June 2019

SummaryFour Shetland ponies were presented with severe osteoarthritis of the scapulohumeral joint to the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of Ghent University over a period of 4 years. Ponies were treated with internal fixation using locking compression plates (LCPs) applied cranially across the scapulohumeral joint. Although two ponies developed mild complications, all ponies were more comfortable in the limb within a few hours following arthrodesis.