bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prostatic-specific antigen (PSA) levels in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS): a meta-analysis
Authors: Wu Zeng-Hong , Tang Yun , Niu Xun , Pu Fei-Fei , Xiao Xi-Yue , Kong Wen 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Purpose
The polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a reproductive endocrine disorder, clinically characterized by oligo-ovulation/chronic anovulation, menstrual irregularities, hyperandrogenism (such as hirsutism, acne), hyperinsulinemia, and obesity. Prostatic-specific antigen (PSA) has been identified as a potential new marker in PCOS women. Although the precise role of PSA in PCOS patients still remains undetermined, PSA might serve as a useful clinical marker and might even represent a new diagnostic criterion of hyperandrogenemia in females of PCOS.

Methods
A meta-analysis was performed in the study to identify the association between the polycystic ovary syndrome and prostatic-specific antigen. To identify eligible original articles, we searched a range of computerized databases, including Medline via PubMed, EMBASE, CNKI and Web of Science with a systematic searching strategy. The characteristics of each study and standard mean differences (SMD) with corresponding confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated and subgroup analysis was performed to analyze heterogeneity.

Results
A total of 532 patients from seven articles were included in the meta-analysis. We identified a significant relationship between polycystic ovary syndrome and prostatic-specific antigen, with a pooled SMD of 0.81 (95% CI: 0.58 to 1.04; P < 0.01). The pooled data were calculated with the random-effects model as a moderate significant heterogeneity was found among the studies.

Conclusions
The meta-analysis suggested that there was a significant association between the polycystic ovary syndrome and prostatic-specific antigen and we should not ignore the role of PSA in the PCOS patients in clinical.
DNA methylation modules associate with incident cardiovascular disease and cumulative risk factor exposure
Authors: Westerman Kenneth , Sebastiani Paola , Jacques Paul , Liu Simin , DeMeo Dawn , Ordovás José M. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
Epigenome-wide association studies using DNA methylation have the potential to uncover novel biomarkers and mechanisms of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. However, the direction of causation for these associations is not always clear, and investigations to-date have often failed to replicate at the level of individual loci.

Methods
Here, we undertook module- and region-based DNA methylation analyses of incident CVD in the Women’s Health Initiative (WHI) and Framingham Heart Study Offspring Cohort (FHS) in order to find more robust epigenetic biomarkers for cardiovascular risk. We applied weighted gene correlation network analysis (WGCNA) and the Comb-p algorithm to find methylation modules and regions associated with incident CVD in the WHI dataset.

Results
We discovered two modules whose activation correlated with CVD risk and replicated across cohorts. One of these modules was enriched for development-related processes and overlaps strongly with epigenetic aging sites. For the other, we showed preliminary evidence for monocyte-specific effects and statistical links to cumulative exposure to traditional cardiovascular risk factors. Additionally, we found three regions (associated with the genes SLC9A1, SLC1A5, and TNRC6C) whose methylation associates with CVD risk.

Conclusions
In sum, we present several epigenetic associations with incident CVD which reveal disease mechanisms related to development and monocyte biology. Furthermore, we show that epigenetic modules may act as a molecular readout of cumulative cardiovascular risk factor exposure, with implications for the improvement of clinical risk prediction.
Electronic self-administered screening for substance use in adult primary care patients: feasibility and acceptability of the tobacco, alcohol, prescription medication, and other substance use (myTAPS) screening tool
Authors: Adam Angéline , Schwartz Robert P. , Wu Li-Tzy , Subramaniam Geetha , Laska Eugene , Sharma Gaurav , Mili Saima , McNeely Jennifer 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
The TAPS Tool is a substance use screening and brief assessment instrument that was developed for use in primary care medical settings. It is one of the first screening instruments to provide rapid assessment of all commonly used substance classes, including illicit and prescription opioids, and is one of the only available screeners designed and validated in an electronic self-administered format (myTAPS). This secondary analysis of data from the TAPS Tool validation study describes the feasibility and acceptability of the myTAPS among primary care patients.

Methods
Adult patients (N = 2000) from five primary care clinics completed the TAPS Tool on a tablet computer (myTAPS), and in an interviewer-administered format. Requests for assistance and time required were tracked, and participants completed a survey on ease of use, utilization of audio guidance, and format preference. Logistic regression was used to examine outcomes in defined subpopulations, including groups that may have greater difficulty completing an electronic screener, and those that may prefer an electronic self-administered approach.

Results
Almost all participants (98.3%) reported that the myTAPS was easy to use. The median time to complete myTAPS screening was 4.0 min (mean 4.48, standard deviation 2.57). More time was required by participants who were older, Hispanic, Black, or reported non-medical prescription drug use, while less time was required by women. Assistance was requested by 25% of participants, and was more frequently requested by those who with lower education (OR = 2.08, 95% CI 1.62–2.67) or age > 65 years (OR = 2.79, 95% CI 1.98–3.93). Audio guidance was utilized by 18.3%, and was more frequently utilized by participants with lower education (OR = 2.01, 95% CI 1.54–2.63), age > 65 years (OR = 1.79, 95% CI 1.22–2.61), or Black race (OR = 1.30, 95% 1.01–1.68). The myTAPS format was preferred by women (OR = 1.29, 95% CI 1.00–1.66) and individuals with drug use (OR = 1.43, 95% CI 1.09–1.88), while participants with lower education preferred the interviewer-administered format (OR = 2.75, 95% CI 2.00–3.78).

Conclusions
Overall, myTAPS screening was feasible and well accepted by adult primary care patients. Clinics adopting electronic screening should be prepared to offer assistance to some patients, particularly those who are older or less educated, and should have the capacity to use an interviewer-administered approach when required.
Fabrication of anisotropic wetting surface with asymmetric structures using geometrical similarity and capillary force
Authors: Lee Ye-Eun , Lee Dong-Ki , Cho Young Hak 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
In the present study, we proposed a fabrication process of anisotropic wetting surfaces with asymmetric grooved parallelogram structures employing basic MEMS processes and micro transfer molding process. A Si substrate and a PDMS mold from Si master were easily self-aligned due to geometrical similarity (all Si wafer have same crystal planes) so that parallelogram microchannels could be formed between the Si substrate and PDMS mold. The parallelogram channels were filled with SU-8 via capillary force, and then the SU-8 parallelogram structures were transferred to an adhesive polymer film. Finally, we obtained an anisotropic wetting surface with SU-8 parallelogram structures, which showed the characteristics of anisotropic wetting and asymmetric flow. The liquid droplets could easily wet in the longitudinal direction of the structures, and the asymmetric flow characteristics of the droplets in the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the structures could be observed.
Numerical 3D simulation of wire deposition process to predict distortion of parts
Authors: Smetannikov Oleg Yu , Maksimov Petr V. , Trushnikov Dmitriy N. , Permyakov Gleb L. , Belenkiy Vladimir Ya , Farberov Alexander S. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIn the work, on the basis of the analysis of publications, existing approaches to the numerical modeling of additive processes of product formation are shown. The work itself is devoted to the study of the influence of parameters of the process of surfacing wire materials on the formation of residual deformations in parts. A mathematical formulation of the non-stationary thermomechanical problem is presented, and algorithms for solving the problem using the technology of birth and death of finite elements in the ANSYS package are described. Verification of the model created by the finite element was carried out on the basis of data from the experiment on surfacing a multilayer sample. The effect on the level of residual warping of the following process parameters was studied: the exposure time before the next layer was deposited; the motion path of the burner; ambient temperature. It is shown that the change in ambient temperature is the most effective way to reduce the residual distortions of the form.
Evaluating survival and quality of life with ambulatory chemotherapy in metastatic colorectal cancer.
Authors: Sirilerttrakul Suwannee , Wannakansophon Nopakan , Tangteerakoon Patamaporn , Vongterapak Suluck , Jirajarus Manmana , Ckumdee Sineenuch , Sirachainan Ekaphop , Chansriwong Phichai 
Published: October 2019

10 Background: Colorectal cancer is an important health problems in Thailand. Chemotherapy treatment that was once delivered only in hospital environments is now administered at patient's home that helping patients to live normal lives during receiving chemotherapy. The chemotherapy regimens are based on a 48 hours 5-fluorouracil infusion combined that need patients to be hospitalized, consequence to decrease QOL and increase cost of treatment. Methods: An observational cohort which enrolled 156 patients at the Ramathibodi hospital from Dec 2015 to Nov 2016. Ambulatory chemotherapy (AC) administered by the central venous access device (CVAD). The regimen as FOLFOX or FOLFIRI, 5-FU were in the elastomeric infusion pump and administered at the patients’ home. The questionnaire of FACT-G and FACT-C scale, cost of treatment were collected at time of enrolment, 2 months and end of treatment. DFS and OS were analyzed in patients who treated with first regimen of metastasis chemotherapy. Nurse coordinator followed up them by phone. Aims: Compares the DFS, OS, QOL score, and cost difference in AC patients compared with inpatient treatment. Results: 156 patients are enrolled that 111 patients treated with AC and 45 patients treated with inpatient. Questionnaire response rate was 86%. Intention to treat analysis revealed significantly improved in social wellbeing and FACT-G (p < 0.001) in AC group. No difference in DFS between AC and inpatient group (12.6 vs 11.9 months, HR 0.82, p = 0.33). Overall survival trended to longer survival in AC arm (2.43 vs 1.83 years, HR 0.78, P = 0.28). The AC reduced cost about 338 US dollars per cycle of chemotherapy. Conclusions: Ambulatory chemotherapy helps colorectal cancer patients to live normal lives by administer treatment at patients' home and results to significantly improve in quality of life . No difference in DFS and OS benefit, but trends in gaining more benefits in ambulatory treatment. Moreover, ambulatory chemotherapy reduced cost of chemotherapy treatment.
A novel function for cyclin D1 as a transcriptional role in oncogenesis and tumor development by ChIP-Seq and RNA-Seq.
Authors: Xiong Yudi , Zhou YunFeng 
Published: October 2019

102 Background: Cancer is a major public health problem and remains one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Aberrations in cell cycle control is defined as one of the hallmarks of cancer.While cyclin D1 is an essential protein to cell cycle which promote G1 phase into S phase, and frequently overexpressed in many human cancers.Although the participation in cell cycle and tumorigenesis has not been well characterized, new functions have been identified in transgenic mice models, including the transcription of genome, the development of chromosome instability and DNA repair. However, it remains unclear that the function of cyclin D1 independ of involving cell cycle. In this research, our aim is to find the function of cyclin D1 in transcription in human cancers. Methods: We chose the human cervical cancer cell line, C33A as our main research object. Using chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq) coupled with RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), to find out the genes differentially expressed in C33A, cyclin D1 knockin C33A and cyclin D1 knockdown C33A. Results: We detected 5590 genes involved in binding with cyclin D1 by ChIP seq, screened 2811 genes upregulation, 2727 genes downregulation in cyclin D1 knockin cells, 2244 genes upregulation, 1738 genes downregulation in cyclin D1 knockdown cells by RNA-seq. Through analysis of the results of ChIP-seq and RNA-seq, we finally identified 422 genes differentially expressed at the RNA level.These genes are highly enriched in Gene Ontology categories and involve in diverse cellular functions via KEGG classification, including translation, replication and repair, signal transduction, cell growth and death. Conclusions: These findings suggested that cyclin D1 can serve both to activate and downregulate gene expression as a transcriptional role directly binding with genome DNA, which means that cyclin D1 may be a key protein during oncogenesis and tumor development.
Microvascular invasion guiding selection of candidates for combination treatment with sorafenib and TACE for intermediate recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma.
Authors: Peng Zhenwei , Chen Shuling , Xiao Han , Wang Yuanqi , Kuang Ming 
Published: October 2019

105 Background: To investigate the role of sorafenib combined with transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) for the treatment of intermediate recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma (rHCC) after initial hepatectomy and whether the status of microvascular invasion (MVI) could help screen out the appropriate candidates for the combination treatment. Methods: The study was approved by the ethics committee of two tertiary medical centers in China. From Jan 2010 to Dec 2016, 260 consecutive patients with intermediate rHCC after initial hepatectomy who underwent combination treatment or TACE were enrolled. Overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were compared between these two treatments according to MVI status. Results: The 1-, 3-, 5-year OS (77.1% vs. 62.0%, 49.3% vs. 35.2%, 38.9% vs. 20.5%, P = 0.011) and PFS (74.2% vs. 56.5%, 37.5% vs. 18.7%, 37.5% vs. 18.7%, P = 0.003) rates were significantly higher in the combination group than those in the TACE group for intermediate rHCC. For MVI-positive patients, the median OS (17.2 months vs. 12.1 months, P = 0.024) and PFS (17.0 months vs. 11.0 months, P = 0.022) after combination treatment (n = 55) were significantly longer than those after TACE alone (n = 72). For MVI-negative patients, the median OS (42.7 months vs. 32.6 months, P = 0.247) and PFS (24.6 months vs. 17.2 months, P = 0.113) were comparable between combination therapy (n = 73) and TACE alone (n = 60). Multivariate analysis revealed that tumor number, MVI status and treatment allocation were significant predictors of OS and PFS, while the tumor size was another prognostic factor for PFS. Conclusions: Patients with intermediate rHCC can benefit from sorafenib plus TACE treatment, while MVI-positive patients were good candidates for combination treatment.
Impact of CanAssist-Breast in clinical treatment decisions in early stage HR+ breast cancer patients: Asian Scenario.
Authors: Gopalakrishnan Viswanathan , Sankaran Satish , SE Mallikarjuna , Prakash Chandra , Bakre Manjiri Manohar 
Published: October 2019

109 Background: The utility of multigene prognostic tests in aiding treatment decisions for early stage hormone positive breast cancer patients is well recognized. CanAssist-Breast (CAB) is an immunohistochemistry (IHC) based prognostic test that uses a proprietary algorithm to combine IHC grading of 5 biomarkers and three clinical paramaters (tumor size, node status and Grade) to stratify patients into high or low risk of distant recurrence. CAB has thus far been validated on a retrospective cohort of > 1000 predominantly Asian patients. Distant Metastasis Free Survival (DMFS) of more than 95% was observed with significant separation (P < 0.001) between low-risk and high-risk groups. In this study we demonstrate the usefulness of CanAssist-Breast (CAB) in guiding physicians assess risk of cancer recurrence and to make informed treatment decisions for patients. Methods: A total of 353 Asian patients tested by > 100 physicians were included in this study. Clinical parameters were compiled from hospital data. Treatment decisions were confirmed for > 150 of these patients assess the level of adherence. Risk prediction using the modified Adjuvant! Online protocol was used to compare with performance of CAB. Luminal subtying was performed as per the St. Gallen’s criteria. Results: Majority of patients tested had node negative, T2 and Grade 2 disease. Age and luminal subtypes did not affect the performance of CAB. On comparison with Adjuvant! Online (AOL), CAB categorized twice the number of patients into low-risk. Impact of CAB testing on treatment decisions showed that 96% of low-risk patients were not given chemotherapy and 84% of high-risk patients were given chemotherapy. Overall, we observed that 92% patients were either given or not given chemotherapy based on whether they were stratified as high-risk or low-risk for distant recurrence respectively. Conclusions: CAB stratifies higher percentage of patients into low risk group as compared to AOL. We observed wide acceptance of CAB as a prognostic test for assisting treatment decsions in clinical settings. CAB helped avoid chemotherapy in 70% of patients tested thus providing a cost effective alternative to other prognostic tests currently available.
Development of "Online Cancer Patient Assistance Pathway" (OCPAP) technology platform to provide treatment guidance for cancer patients in developing countries.
Authors: Jotwani Amit Kumar , Jain Rashie , Sharma Varun , Goud Rakesh Shankar , Haranath Ravishankar , Koppaka Deepak , Mishra Ashutosh , Komanduri Suneel Kaushik , Chilukuri Ramakrishna Prasad , Sangwan Himanshu 
Published: October 2019

11 Background: As per global oncology workforce data published by ASCO in 2018 the new patients per oncologist ratio ranges between 700 to 10,000 in developing countries compared to 70-200 in developed ones. This gross deficit of oncologists adversely affects quality of care resulting in poor outcomes for patients. The onco.com OCPAP technology platform is designed to help patients get free standardised treatment recommendations as per standard protocols. Methods: We identified four basic input points with objective responses that could be entered by the patients/caregivers - cancer type (organ affected), treatment done so far (none, surgery, chemo, radiation), stage of disease and performance status (active, weak and bedridden). Proprietary knowledge database was created by our oncologists as per standard guidelines based on which the platform provides output in terms of specialist to be consulted (medical, radiation, surgical oncologist), recommended treatment (surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, palliation or supportive care), and diagnostic information required. Technically, OCPAP uses an online interface to capture the input from the user regarding the condition of the patient. The user interface then sends the input to our REST API based application running on a server. The server application runs our proprietary recommendation algorithm that is optimised to search our database containing proprietary knowledge graph created by our oncologists. Once a match is found, our algorithm provides the most relevant information that matches the patient’s condition. This information is then provided to the user through the same interface in simple language to help them make right treatment decisions in consultation with their treating doctor. Results: OCPAP platform has benefited 18,000 patients from 14 countries and has helped them better understand their treatment options. Majority of users are from developing countries in Indian subcontinent, Africa and Middle East. Conclusions: The OCPAP platform can help millions of cancer patients with limited access to qualified oncologists get better understanding of their treatment options.
Afatinib as a novel potential treatment option for NRG1 fusion-positive tumors.
Authors: Laskin Janessa J. , Cadranel Jacques , Renouf Daniel John , Weinberg Benjamin A. , Goto Yasushi , Duruisseaux Michaël , Tolba Khaled , Branden Eva , Doebele Robert Charles , Heining Christoph , Schlenk Richard F. , Cheema Parneet Kaur , Jones Martin R. , Trombetta Domenico , Muscarella Lucia A. , Cseh Agnieszka , Solca Flavio , Liu Stephen V. 
Published: October 2019

110 Background: Neuregulin 1 (NRG1) is a growth factor that binds HER3/4 and activates ErbB signalling pathways. NRG1 gene fusions function as oncogenic drivers and represent a potential therapeutic target across tumour types. Afatinib, an ErbB-family blocker, is a potential treatment option for some patients with NRG1 fusion-positive ( NRG1+) tumours, as supported by preclinical evidence and clinical case reports. Of 13 patients with NRG1+ lung adenocarcinoma (ADC; n = 9), pancreatic ADC (n = 2), cholangiocarcinoma (n = 1), and ovarian cancer (n = 1) treated with afatinib, eight patients achieved a best response of partial response (PR; median duration 7.3 months, range 3–12), three patients had stable disease (SD) and two patients had progressive disease. Methods: Here, we report the clinico-pathological and molecular characteristics and current status of four additional cases of afatinib-treated NRG1+ tumours. Results: Patient 1, 66 year-old female, never-smoker with metastatic non-mucinous lung ADC. CD74-NRG1 fusion was identified, and 5th-line afatinib initiated. PR is ongoing after 16 months. Patient 2, 43 year-old female, non-smoker with advanced invasive mucinous lung ADC. CD74-NRG1 fusion was identified and 3rd-line afatinib initiated (PR, 18 months); treatment is ongoing following local progression. Patient 3, 69 year-old male, with KRAS-mutated metastatic colorectal cancer. Following a right hemicolectomy and liver/lung metastasectomies, a novel POMK-NRG1 fusion was detected and afatinib initiated (SD, 4 months). Eight months after initiation, afatinib treatment is ongoing, in combination with radiotherapy, with SD. Patient 4, 54 year-old male, with KRAS-wild-type metastatic pancreatic cancer. Following progression on chemotherapy, APP-NRG1 fusion was detected as part of the Personalized Oncogenomics study (NCT02155621), and afatinib initiated; PR is ongoing after 7 months. Conclusions: These findings add to a growing body of evidence that afatinib is a potential treatment option for patients with NRG1+ tumours. Prospective study is ongoing/planned in the Drug Rediscovery Protocol trial (DRUP; NCT02925234) and Targeted Agent and Profiling Utilization Registry study (TAPUR; NCT02693535).