bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nursing Unit Communication During a US Public Health Emergency: Natural Experiment
Authors: Benham-Hutchins Marge , Carley Kathleen M , Brewer Barbara B , Effken Judith A , Reminga Jeffrey 
Published: August 2019

BackgroundIn the second half of 2014, the first case of Ebola virus disease (EVD) was diagnosed in the United States. During this time period, we were collecting data for the Measuring Network Stability and Fit (NetFIT) longitudinal study, which used social network analysis (SNA) to study relationships between nursing staff communication patterns and patient outcomes. One of the data collection sites was a few blocks away from where the initial EVD diagnosis was made. The EVD public health emergency during the NetFIT data collection time period resulted in the occurrence of a natural experiment.ObjectiveThe objectives of the NetFIT study were to examine the structure of nursing unit decision-making and information-sharing networks, identify a parsimonious set of network metrics that can be used to measure the longitudinal stability of these networks, examine the relationship between the contextual features of a unit and network metrics, and identify relationships between key network measures and nursing-sensitive patient-safety and quality outcomes. This paper reports on unit communication and outcome changes that occurred during the EVD natural disaster time period on the 10 hospital units that had data collected before, during, and after the crisis period.MethodsFor the NetFIT study, data were collected from nursing staff working on 25 patient care units, in three hospitals, and at four data collection points over a 7-month period: Baseline, Month 1, Month 4, and Month 7. Data collection was staggered by hospital and unit. To evaluate the influence of this public health emergency on nursing unit outcomes and communication characteristics, this paper focuses on a subsample of 10 units from two hospitals where data were collected before, during, and after the EVD crisis period. No data were collected from Hospital B during the crisis period. Network data from individual staff were aggregated to the nursing unit level to create 24-hour networks and three unit-level safety outcome measures—fall rate, medication errors, and hospital-acquired pressure ulcers—were collected.ResultsThis analysis includes 40 data collection points and 608 staff members who completed questionnaires. Participants (N=608) included registered nurses (431, 70.9%), licensed vocational nurses (3, 0.5%), patient care technicians (133, 21.9%), unit clerks (28, 4.6%), and monitor watchers (13, 2.1%). Changes in SNA metrics associated with communication (ie, average distance, diffusion, and density) were noted in units that had changes in patient safety outcome measures.ConclusionsUnits in the hospital site in the same city as the EVD case exhibited multiple changes in patient outcomes, network communication metrics, and response rates. Future research using SNA to examine the influence of public health emergencies on hospital communication networks and relationships to patient outcomes is warranted.
Impact of a Mobile App–Based Health Coaching and Behavior Change Program on Participant Engagement and Weight Status of Overweight and Obese Children: Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Cueto Victor , Wang C Jason , Sanders Lee Michael 
Published: August 2019

BackgroundEffective treatment of obesity in children and adolescents traditionally requires frequent in-person contact, and it is often limited by low participant engagement. Mobile health tools may offer alternative models that enhance participant engagement.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to assess child engagement over time, with a mobile app–based health coaching and behavior change program for weight management, and to examine the association between engagement and change in weight status.MethodsThis was a retrospective cohort study of user data from Kurbo, a commercial program that provides weekly individual coaching via video chat and supports self-monitoring of health behaviors through a mobile app. Study participants included users of Kurbo between March 2015 and March 2017, who were 5 to 18 years old and who were overweight or obese (body mass index; BMI ≥ 85th percentile or ≥ 95th percentile) at baseline. The primary outcome, engagement, was defined as the total number of health coaching sessions received. The secondary outcome was change in weight status, defined as the change in BMI as a percentage of the 95th percentile (%BMIp95). Analyses of outcome measures were compared across three initial commitment period groups: 4 weeks, 12 to 16 weeks, or 24 weeks. Multivariable linear regression models were constructed to adjust outcomes for the independent variables of sex, age group (5-11 years, 12-14 years, and 15-18 years), and commitment period. A sensitivity analysis was conducted, excluding a subset of participants involuntarily assigned to the 12- to 16-week commitment period by an employer or health plan.ResultsA total of 1120 participants were included in analyses. At baseline, participants had a mean age of 12 years (SD 2.5), mean BMI percentile of 96.6 (SD 3.1), mean %BMIp95 of 114.5 (SD 16.5), and they were predominantly female 68.04% (762/1120). Participant distribution across commitment periods was 26.07% (292/1120) for 4 weeks, 61.61% (690/1120) for 12-16 weeks, and 12.32% (138/1120) for 24 weeks. The median coaching sessions (interquartile range) received were 8 (3-16) for the 4-week group, 9 (5-12) for the 12- to 16-week group, and 19 (11-25) for the 24-week group (P<.001). Adjusted for sex and age group, participants in the 4- and 12-week groups participated in –8.03 (95% CI –10.19 to –5.87) and –9.34 (95% CI –11.31 to –7.39) fewer coaching sessions, compared with those in the 24-week group (P<.001). Adjusted for commitment period, sex, and age group, the overall mean change in %BMIp95 was –0.21 (95% CI –0.25 to –0.17) per additional coaching session (P<.001).ConclusionsAmong overweight and obese children using a mobile app–based health coaching and behavior change program, increased engagement was associated with longer voluntary commitment periods, and increased number of coaching sessions was associated with decreased weight status.
The Role of Volume Regulation and Thermoregulation in AKI during Marathon Running
Authors: Mansour Sherry G. , Martin Thomas G. , Obeid Wassim , Pata Rachel W. , Myrick Karen M. , Kukova Lidiya , Jia Yaqi , Bjornstad Petter , El-Khoury Joe M. , Parikh Chirag R. 
Published: August 2019

Background and objectives
Marathon runners develop transient AKI with urine sediments and injury biomarkers suggesting nephron damage.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
To investigate the etiology, we examined volume and thermoregulatory responses as possible mechanisms in runners’ AKI using a prospective cohort of runners in the 2017 Hartford Marathon. Vitals, blood, and urine samples were collected in 23 runners 1 day premarathon and immediately and 1 day postmarathon. We measured copeptin at each time point. Continuous core body temperature, sweat sodium, and volume were assessed during the race. The primary outcome of interest was AKI, defined by AKIN criteria.

Results
Runners ranged from 22 to 63 years old; 43% were men. Runners lost a median (range) of 2.34 (0.50–7.21) g of sodium and 2.47 (0.36–6.81) L of volume via sweat. After accounting for intake, they had a net negative sodium and volume balance at the end of the race. The majority of runners had increases in core body temperature to 38.4 (35.8–41)°C during the race from their baseline. Fifty-five percent of runners developed AKI, yet 74% had positive urine microscopy for acute tubular injury. Runners with more running experience and increased participation in prior marathons developed a rise in creatinine as compared with those with lesser experience. Sweat sodium losses were higher in runners with AKI versus non-AKI (median, 3.41 [interquartile range (IQR), 1.7–4.8] versus median, 1.4 [IQR, 0.97–2.8] g; P=0.06, respectively). Sweat volume losses were higher in runners with AKI versus non-AKI (median, 3.89 [IQR, 1.49–5.09] versus median, 1.66 [IQR, 0.72–2.84] L; P=0.03, respectively). Copeptin was significantly higher in runners with AKI versus those without (median, 79.9 [IQR, 25.2–104.4] versus median, 11.3 [IQR, 6.6–43.7]; P=0.02, respectively). Estimated temperature was not significantly different.

Conclusions
All runners experienced a substantial rise in copeptin and body temperature along with salt and water loss due to sweating. Sodium and volume loss via sweat as well as plasma copeptin concentrations were associated with AKI in runners.

Podcast
This article contains a podcast at https://www.asn-online.org/media/podcast/CJASN/2019_08_13_CJASNPodcast_19_09_.mp3
Benjamin Daniel Johnson, Pueblos within Pueblos: Tlaxilacalli Communities in Acolhuacan, Mexico, ca. 1272-1692
Authors: Ramírez López Javier Eduardo 
Published: August 2019

Reseña sobre Benjamin Daniel Johnson, <em>Pueblos within Pueblos: </em>Tlaxilacalli<em> Communities in Acolhuacan, Mexico, ca. 1272-1692</em>, Boulder, University Press of Colorado, 2017, XVI pp. + 252 pp.
A UTILIZAÇÃO RACIONAL DE DEFENSIVOS NA PRODUÇÃO PRIMÁRIA DA AGRICULTURA FAMILIAR
Authors: Orth Arlete Cherobini , Schwartz Adriana Pedrassani , Cadzerski Dnniffer 
Published: August 2019

Atualmente havendo a necessidade de produzir em grande escala, torna-se imperativo buscar novas tecnologias para a produção de alimentos, porem, além de produzirmos mais, temos que produzir alimentos mais saudáveis, com meios sustentáveis que preservem a saúde humana. Diante das condições atuais em relação ao uso de defensivos agrícolas, avaliamos a seguinte problemática: Quais os danos causados a saúde humana pelo uso dos defensivos na agricultura familiar? O principal objetivo é identificar os danos causados a saúde humana, a prevenção deve ser priorizada, em relação às medidas de proteção dos riscos. Na maioria das situações, “prevenir” parece ser mais “econômico” do que “solucionar”. Com elementos fundamentais de análise do uso dos defensivos no País, levando em consideração as dificuldades quanto à aplicação e manuseio dos mesmos. O uso indiscriminado de agrotóxicos na agricultura convencional afeta a saúde dos agricultores. Os agrotóxicos são potencialmente perigosos, podem causar danos à saúde de pessoas. Geralmente as propriedades dos agricultores familiares são gerenciadas por membros da família com baixa qualificação tanto em administração e gerenciamento, tanto quanto em conhecimento teórico para aplicação de defensivos, sendo este um dos fatores que interferem na eficácia das aplicações. Buscando produtividade imediata os agricultores familiares fazem uso dos agrotóxicos sem a devida atenção à saúde, cogente uma tomada de decisão do produtor rural, com ações coletivas que contribuam significadamente para a evolução dos sistemas de produção, no sentido de melhor preservação de sua e por consequência a saúde da população em geral, consumidora de seus produtos.
Escala Wechsler de Inteligência para Crianças (WISC): análise da produção de artigos científicos brasileiros
Authors: Dias-Viana João Lucas , Gomes Gabriel Vitor Acioly 
Published: August 2019

A Escala Wechsler de Inteligência para Crianças (WISC) é uma bateria psicológica para avaliação da capacidade intelectual e de resolução de problemas de sujeitos entre 6 e 16 anos. Pesquisas com o WISC no Brasil tiveram início em 1960, sendo pesquisado até os dias de hoje e se caracteriza como um dos instrumentos mais importantes para avaliar a inteligência em crianças. Nesta pesquisa objetivou-se analisar a produção científica brasileira de artigos sobre o WISC, disponível nas bases de dados Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), Periódicos Eletrônicos em Psicologia (PePSIC), enfatizando os estudos que investigaram as qualidades psicométricas do instrumento para atestar a sua cientificidade para uso. Foram selecionados 110 artigos científicos, publicados entre os anos de 1975 e 2018. Resultados apontaram o crescimento no número de publicações, principalmente a partir dos anos 2000 e com predomínio de autores afiliados a instituições localizadas na Região Sudeste do Brasil. Além disso, o WISC-III foi a edição mais utilizada nas pesquisas. De todos os estudos, 57 artigos (51,82%) utilizaram o teste para fins de avaliação e diagnóstico e apenas 19 estudos (16,36%) buscaram as qualidades psicométricas (estudos de validade, precisão, normatização e padronização) do WISC, evidenciando a necessidade de mais pesquisas dessas características para contribuir com a cientificidade do instrumento.
Hamdani Bakran Adz-Dzakieyâ€™s Sufism Psychotherapy as Part of the Medication for Muslim Mental Illness
Authors: Pangesti Nofiya Dwi 
Published: August 2019

This research is aimed to describe and analyze the concept of sufism psychotherapy as part of the medication for muslim mental illness according to Hamdani Bakran Adz-Dzakiey. The type of this research is library research. The Data Collection Method is the documentation and interview. The Data Analysis Technique uses an interactive analysis model developed by Miles and Huberman, which includes: data reduction, display data, and conclution drawings. The results of this research are: First, Hamdani Bakran Adz-Dzakieyâ€™s Sufism Psychotherapy is derived from empirical and prophetic-based experience and used methods of tasawuf (takhalli, tahalli, and tajalli). Second, Sufism psychotherapy function are for self-purification, self-identification, self- prevention, self-education, self-development, self-prediction, self-control, and self-understanding.
<p>Pengaruh tingkat pendidikan tinggi dan perilaku ibu terhadap indeks def-t pada anak usia 4‒5 tahun</p><p>The influence of higher education level and maternal behaviour on the def-t index in children aged 4‒5 years old</p>
Authors: Angelica Cynthia , Sembiring Linda Sari , Suwindere Winny 
Published: August 2019

Pendahuluan: Karies gigi merupakan masalah utama dalam kesehatan gigi masyakat, terlihat dengan tingginya prevalensi karies pada anak usia 1‒4 tahun (10,4%), dan pada anak usia 5‒9 tahun adalah 28,9%. Karies yang terjadi pada anak disebut Early Childhood Caries (ECC) atau karies dini yang terjadi pada anak usia 71 bulan atau lebih muda. Anak memperoleh perilaku kebersihan mulut dan kebiasaan kesehatan rongga mulut dari ibu sehingga peran ibu sangat mempengaruhi keadaan rongga mulut anak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh tingkat pendidikan tinggi dan perilaku ibu terhadap indeks def-t pada anak usia 4‒5 tahun di TK Santa Maria Kota Cirebon. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analitik observasional dengan desain penelitian cross sectional. Populasi penelitian adalah anak usia 4‒5 tahun di TK Santa Maria Kota Cirebon. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 74 orang dengan teknik pengambilan sampel stratified random sampling. Hasil: Analisis statistik penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan model regresi Tobit. Simpulan: Terdapat pengaruh tingkat pendidikan tinggi dan perilaku ibu terhadap indeks def-t pada anak usia 4‒5 tahun di TK Santa Maria Kota Cirebon.Kata kunci: Tingkat pendidikan, perilaku ibu, indeks def-t, anak usia 4-5 tahun ABSTRACTIntroduction: Dental caries is a major problem in the dental health of the community, reflected by the high prevalence of caries in children aged 1‒4 years old (10.4%), and in children aged 5‒9 years old (28.9%). Caries that occur in children is called Early Childhood Caries (ECC), or early caries that occurs in children aged 71 months or younger. Children get their oral hygiene behaviour and oral health habits from their mothers; thus, the mother's role profoundly affects the children's oral cavity condition. This study was aimed to determine the influence of higher education level and maternal behaviour on the def-t index in children aged 4‒5 years old at Santa Maria Kindergarten in the city of Cirebon. Methods: This study was using an observational analytic method with a cross-sectional research design. The study population was children aged 4‒5 years old at Santa Maria Kindergarten in the city of Cirebon. The research sample was 74 people taken with stratified random sampling technique. Results: Statistical analysis of the study was conducted using the Tobit regression model. Conclusion: There is an influence of higher education level and maternal behaviour on the def-t index in children aged 4‒5 years old at Santa Maria Kindergarten in the city of Cirebon.Keywords: Education level, maternal behaviour, def-t index, 4-5-years old children
Pilihan Auditor pada Perusahaan dengan Koneksi Politik
Authors: Restuti Mitha Dwi 
Published: August 2019

Penelitian ini menguji apakah perusahaan dengan koneksi politik memiliki kecenderungan memilih auditor. Perusahaan dengan koneksi politik memilih auditor non-Big 4 karena cenderung menutupi aktivitas rent-seeking atau tunneling dan memilih auditor non-Big 4 karena pengawasan yang longgar. Kriteria koneksi politik sesuai dengan Faccio (2006). Koneksi politik diukur dengan presentase anggota board of director dan board of comissioner yang memiliki koneksi politik terhadap total anggota board of director dan board of comissioner. Pengujian menggunakan regresi logistik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perusahaan dengan koneksi politik cenderung memilih auditor non-Big 4 karena auditor cenderung longgar dalam pengawasan. Dengan demikian mereka kurang mendeteksi adanya perilaku rent-seeking dan tunneling yang dilakukan oleh perusahaan.
Bases semánticas y funciones de los mecanismos de categorización nominal en lenguas indígenas sudamericanas
Authors: Regúnaga María Alejandra 
Published: August 2019

Las lenguas presentan con frecuencia algún sistema gramatical para la categorización de los referentes de los sustantivos. Tales mecanismos, sean del tipo de género, clases nominales o clasificadores, generalmente se encuentran basados en determinados rasgos semánticos y exhiben criterios de asignación que suelen responder al significado del sustantivo o a ciertas propiedades de su referente. Este trabajo propone realizar un análisis que contrasta los sistemas de categorización nominal existentes en un conjunto de lenguas indígenas de América del Sur. El objetivo de la investigación es indagar acerca de (i) los fundamentos semánticos que operan en las diversas lenguas, tanto en las que presentan sistemas más o menos tradicionales de género como en aquellas en las que se suma algún otro procedimiento basado en rasgos semánticos distintos del sexo y la animacidad; y (ii) la función de los mecanismos clasificatorios, particularmente en los casos donde se verifica algún tipo de proceso de derivación nominal.
Administracja zespolona w mieście na prawach powiatu
Authors: Barański Mateusz 
Published: August 2019

Artykuł porusza problematykę funkcjonowania organ.w administracji zespolonej
w mieście na prawach powiatu. We wstępie tekstu wskazano na powiązania między
restytucją samorządu terytorialnego w Polsce i wprowadzeniem jego tr.jstopniowego
modelu a wykonywaniem zadań terenowej administracji rządowej. Następnie odniesiono
się do kwestii modelowej struktury powiatowej administracji zespolonej, kt.ra
została ujęta w ustawie o samorządzie powiatowym. Szczeg.lną uwagę poświęcono
staroście jako organowi administracji og.lnej, z kt.rym zespolono poszczeg.lne
powiatowe jednostki organizacyjne. W dalszej części poddano analizie odmienności
w strukturze administracji zespolonej w mieście na prawach powiatu. Kluczowym
zagadnieniem artykułu jest analiza art. 33b ustawy o samorządzie powiatowym
w kontekście odmienności ustrojowych gminy o statusie miasta. Dokonano r.wnież
analizy poszczeg.lnych organ.w administracji zespolonej w mieście na prawach
powiatu, prezentując wcześniejszy stan normatywny, jak i formułując uwagi de lege
lata. Publikację kończy podsumowanie organizacji administracji zespolonej w tej
specyfi cznej jednostce samorządu terytorialnego.
Odpowiedzialność gminy za infrastrukturę techniczną i jej stan
Authors: Białas Maciej 
Published: August 2019

Infrastruktura techniczna jako część majątku narodowego nieodzownie kojarzy się
z pojęciem infrastruktury nieodzownej, bez której niemożliwe byłoby funkcjonowanie
gminy. Ta, poprzez swoje zadania własne, realizuje bowiem kluczowe potrzeby społeczności
lokalnej, planując, budując i utrzymując w należytym stanie infrastrukturę
techniczną w postaci dróg czy sieci wodno-ściekowych. Jednakże realia XXI wieku
w Polsce okazują się niekiedy brutalne dla obywatela i zaniedbania z zakresu właśnie
utrzymania owej infrastruktury powodują powstanie odpowiedzialności na gruncie
prawa cywilnego po stronie zarządcy infrastruktury technicznej. Problematyczne
okazuje się natomiast ustalenie tego podmiotu, jako że obecnie każda gmina może
w odmienny spos.b powierzać wykonywanie zadań z jej zakresu, celem domniemanej
bardziej wydajnej organizacji pracy w związku z infrastrukturą techniczną. W niniejszej
pracy dokonana została analiza odpowiedzialności w przypadku infrastruktury
technicznej, wraz z ustaleniem katalogu przykładowych podmiot.w, kt.re w świetle
obecnych praktyk takową zarządzają. Postawione zostały również postulaty de lege
ferenda, które mogą doprowadzić do ujednolicenia sposobu określania podmiotu
zarządzającego danym elementem infrastruktury technicznej.
Morphological features of drainage systems of the testicle
Authors: Baibakov V. M. 
Published: August 2019

Objective. To determine the peculiarities of organization of morphological structures of the drainage systems of a testicle and their role in pathogenesis of infertility in the men.
Маterials and methods. The structure and interrelationship of morphological parameters of the drainage systems of a testicle were investigated in 71 biopsies of a testicle, excised during necropexy in men of the adult age (22 - 35 yrs old). On histological preparations of testicles, using morphometric rule АМ-9-4 and the Stefanov’s net on 25 points, there were measured the external diameters of the arteriolas, capillaries, venulas and the nerves.
Results. During tоtal investigation of histological sections of the ductus deferens preparations in part of a deep ring of inguinal channel there were obtained following morphological data: the Abstract quantity of big vessels in all the sections of preparations consisted of 16 аrteries with a general square 51.3805 × 10-3 mm2; 28 veins with general square 38.2511 × 10-3 mm²; 18 аrteiols with general square 2.8136 × 10-3 mm²; 30 venulas with general square 2.2681 × 10-3 mm²; there were revealed as well 4 nerves of general square 0.3686 × 10-3 mm² and 4 neural trunks of general square 3.5801 × 10-3mm².
Conclusion. The data obtained, concerning histological and morphological investigation of samples of ductus deferens confirms probability, that in its proximal part the blood-bearing vessels are present, which are bigger but lesser in number, while the nerves, diameter of which is objectively lesser than in the nerves trunks, are more pronounced in direction of distal part of ductus deferens.