bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Primary prevention of contact sports-related concussions in amateur athletes: a systematic review from the Eastern Association for the Surgery of Trauma
Authors: Enniss Toby M , Basiouny Khaled , Brewer Brian , Bugaev Nikolay , Cheng Julius , Danner Omar K , Duncan Thomas , Foster Shannon , Hawryluk Gregory , Jung Hee Soo , Lui Felix , Rattan Rishi , Violano Pina , Crandall Marie 
Published: June 2018

BackgroundAwareness of the magnitude of contact sports-related concussions has risen exponentially in recent years. Our objective is to conduct a prospectively registered systematic review of the scientific evidence regarding interventions to prevent contact sports-related concussions.MethodsUsing the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation methodology, we performed a systematic review of the literature to answer seven population, intervention, comparator, and outcomes (PICO) questions regarding concussion education, head protective equipment, rules prohibiting high-risk activity and neck strengthening exercise for prevention of contact sports-related concussion in pediatric and adult amateur athletes. A query of MEDLINE, PubMed, Scopus, Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature, and Embase was performed. Letters to the editor, case reports, book chapters, and review articles were excluded, and all articles reviewed were written in English.ResultsThirty-one studies met the inclusion criteria and were applicable to our PICO questions. Conditional recommendations are made supporting preventive interventions concussion education and rules prohibiting high-risk activity for both pediatric and adult amateur athletes and neck strengthening exercise in adult amateur athletes. Strong recommendations are supported for head protective equipment in both pediatric and adult amateur athletes. Strong recommendations regarding newer football helmet technology in adult amateur athletes and rules governing the implementation of body-checking in youth ice hockey are supported.ConclusionDespite increasing scientific attention to sports-related concussion, studies evaluating preventive interventions remain relatively sparse. This systematic review serves as a call to focus research on primary prevention strategies for sports-related concussion.Level of evidenceIV.PROSPERO registration number#42016043019.
Quasi-Periodic Orbits in the Five-Dimensional Nondissipative Lorenz Model: The Role of the Extended Nonlinear Feedback Loop
Authors: Faghih-Naini Sara , Shen Bo-Wen 
Published: June 2018

A recent study suggested that the nonlinear feedback loop (NFL) of the three-dimensional nondissipative Lorenz model (3D-NLM) serves as a nonlinear restoring force by producing nonlinear oscillatory solutions as well as linear periodic solutions near a nontrivial critical point. This study discusses the role of the extension of the NFL in producing quasi-periodic trajectories using a five-dimensional nondissipative Lorenz model (5D-NLM). An analytical solution to the locally linear 5D-NLM is first obtained to illustrate the association of the extended NFL and two incommensurate frequencies whose ratio is irrational, yielding a quasi-periodic solution. The quasi-periodic solution trajectory moves endlessly on a torus but never intersects itself. While the NFL of the 3D-NLM consists of a pair of downscaling and upscaling processes, the extended NFL within the 5D-NLM additionally introduces two new pairs of downscaling and upscaling processes that are enabled by two high wavenumber modes. One pair of downscaling and upscaling processes provides a two-way interaction between the original (primary) Fourier modes of the 3D-NLM and the newly-added (secondary) Fourier modes of the 5D-NLM. The other pair of downscaling and upscaling processes involves interactions amongst the secondary modes. By comparing the numerical simulations using one- and two-way interactions, we illustrate that the two-way interaction is crucial for producing the quasi-periodic solution. A follow-up study using a 7D nondissipative LM shows that a further extension of NFL, which may appear throughout the spatial mode-mode interactions rooted in the nonlinear temperature advection, is capable of producing one more incommensurate frequency.
Development of clinical risk models for diabetic cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy in a Chinese population using logistic regression analysis
Authors: Jiang Lin , Wu Genlong , Fang Ping , Xu Zhensheng , Tang Zihui 
Published: June 2018

Background: We developed clinical risk models for predicting diabetic cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (DCAN) in Chinese diabetic patients. Methods: A Chinese cohort of 455 diabetic participants underwent a short heart rate variability (HRV) test which was recruited between 2011 and 2013. Clinical risk models were developed that included independent and significant risk factors by using multiple variable stepwise regressions. These clinical risk models were tested in another independent cohort of Chinese individuals. Results: The clinical risk models included age, fasting plasma glucose, 2-h plasma blood glucose, triglycerides, resting HRs, and duration of diabetes mellitus. The area under the receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve of the study group was 0.794. In the model with the continuous variables, the area under the ROC curve was 0.810. A cutoff score of 12.54 which produced the optimal sensitivity (68.20%) and specificity (76.80%) and identified the percentage (35.77%) of the population that required subsequent testing. Conclusions: The clinical risk models showed high sensitivity and specificity for the prediction of DCAN in Chinese diabetic patients.
Parallel Ellipsoidal Perfectly Matched Layers for Acoustic Helmholtz Problems on Exterior Domains
Authors: Bunting Gregory , Prakash Arun , Walsh Timothy , Dohrmann Clark 
Published: June 2018

Exterior acoustic problems occur in a wide range of applications, making the finite element analysis of such problems a common practice in the engineering community. Various methods for truncating infinite exterior domains have been developed, including absorbing boundary conditions, infinite elements, and more recently, perfectly matched layers (PML). PML are gaining popularity due to their generality, ease of implementation, and effectiveness as an absorbing boundary condition. PML formulations have been developed in Cartesian, cylindrical, and spherical geometries, but not ellipsoidal. In addition, the parallel solution of PML formulations with iterative solvers for the solution of the Helmholtz equation, and how this compares with more traditional strategies such as infinite elements, has not been adequately investigated. In this paper, we present a parallel, ellipsoidal PML formulation for acoustic Helmholtz problems. To faciliate the meshing process, the ellipsoidal PML layer is generated with an on-the-fly mesh extrusion. Though the complex stretching is defined along ellipsoidal contours, we modify the Jacobian to include an additional mapping back to Cartesian coordinates in the weak formulation of the finite element equations. This allows the equations to be solved in Cartesian coordinates, which is more compatible with existing finite element software, but without the necessity of dealing with corners in the PML formulation. Herein we also compare the conditioning and performance of the PML Helmholtz problem with infinite element approach that is based on high order basis functions. On a set of representative exterior acoustic examples, we show that high order infinite element basis functions lead to an increasing number of Helmholtz solver iterations, whereas for PML the number of iterations remains constant for the same level of accuracy. This provides an additional advantage of PML over the infinite element approach.
Liver HFE protein content is posttranscriptionally decreased in iron-deficient mice and rats
Authors: Frýdlová Jana , Rogalsky Daniel W. , Truksa Jaroslav , Traeger Lisa , Steinbicker Andrea U. , Vokurka Martin , Krijt Jan 
Published: June 2018

Although the relationship between hereditary hemochromatosis and mutations in the HFE gene was discovered more than 20 years ago, information on the in vivo regulation of HFE protein expression is still limited. The purpose of the study was to determine the response of liver HFE protein content to iron deficiency in mice and rats by immunoblotting. Attempts to visualize the HFE protein in whole liver homogenates were unsuccessful; however, HFE could be detected in liver microsomes or in plasma membrane-enriched fractions. Five-week-old male C57BL/6 mice fed an iron-deficient diet for 4 wk presented with a significant decrease in liver iron content and liver Hamp expression, as well as with a significant decrease in liver HFE protein content. Rats fed an iron-deficient diet for 4 wk also displayed significant decrease in liver Hamp expression and liver HFE protein content. These results suggest that the downregulation of HFE-dependent signaling may contribute to decreased Hamp gene expression in states of prolonged iron deficiency. It has recently been proposed that HFE protein could be a potential target of matriptase-2, a hepatocyte protease mutated in iron-refractory iron deficiency anemia. However, immunoblot analysis of HFE protein in the livers from Tmprss6-mutated mask mice did not show evidence of matriptase-2-dependent HFE protein cleavage. In addition, no indication of HFE protein cleavage was seen in iron-deficient rats, whereas the full-length matriptase-2 protein content in the same animals was significantly increased. These results suggest that HFE is probably not a major physiological target of matriptase-2.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Feeding of iron-deficient diet for 4 wk decreased liver HFE protein content in both mice and rats, suggesting that decreased HFE-dependent signaling may contribute to hepcidin downregulation in iron deficiency. There was no difference in HFE protein band appearance between matriptase-2-mutated mask mice and wild-type mice, indicating that HFE is probably not a major physiological substrate of matriptase-2-mediated protease activity in vivo.
Hepatic ZIP8 deficiency is associated with disrupted selenium homeostasis, liver pathology, and tumor formation
Authors: Liu Liu , Geng Xiangrong , Cai Yihong , Copple Bryan , Yoshinaga Masafumi , Shen Jian , Nebert Daniel W. , Wang Hua , Liu Zijuan 
Published: June 2018

Zrt/Irt-like protein 8 (ZIP8) (encoded by Slc39a8) is a multifunctional membrane transporter that influxes essential metal cations Zn2+, Mn2+, Fe2+, and nonmetal inorganic selenite (HSeO3−). Physiological roles of ZIP8 in different cell types and tissues remain to be elucidated. We aimed to investigate ZIP8 functions in liver. Two mouse models were used in this study: 1) 13- to 21-mo-old Slc39a8(+/neo) hypomorphs having diminished ZIP8 levels and 2) a liver-specific ZIP8 acute knockdown mouse (Ad-shZip8). Histology, immunohistochemistry, and Western blotting were used to investigate ZIP8-deficiency effects on hepatic injury, inflammatory changes, and oxidative stress. Selenium (Se) and zinc (Zn) were quantified in tissues by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrophotometry. We found that ZIP8 is required to maintain normal liver function; moderate or acute decreases in ZIP8 activity resulted in hepatic pathology. Spontaneous liver neoplastic nodules appeared in ~50% of Slc39a8(+/neo) between 13 and 21 mo of age, exhibiting features of inflammation, fibrosis, and liver injury. In Ad-shZip8 mice, significant hepatomegaly was observed; histology showed ZIP8 deficiency was associated with hepatocyte injury, inflammation, and proliferation. Significant decreases in Se, but not Zn, were found in Ad-shZip8 liver. Consistent with this Se deficit, liver expression of selenoproteins glutathione peroxidases 1 and 2 was downregulated, along with decreases in antioxidant superoxide dismutases 1 and 2, consistent with increased oxidative stress. Thus, ZIP8 plays an important role in maintaining normal hepatic function, likely through regulating Se homeostasis and redox balance. Hepatic ZIP8 deficiency is associated with liver pathology, including oxidative stress, inflammation, proliferation, and hepatocellular injury. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Zrt/Irt-like protein 8 (ZIP8) is a multifunctional membrane transporter that facilitates biometal and mineral uptake. The role of ZIP8 in liver physiology has not been previously investigated. Liu et al. discovered unique ZIP8 functions, i.e., regulation of hepatic selenium content and association of ZIP8 deficiency in mouse liver with liver defects.
Rats with higher intrinsic exercise capacities exhibit greater preoptic dopamine levels and greater mechanical and thermoregulatory efficiencies while running
Authors: Rabelo Patrícia C. R. , Cordeiro Letícia M. S. , Aquino Nayara S. S. , Fonseca Bruno B. B. , Coimbra Cândido C. , Wanner Samuel P. , Szawka Raphael E. , Soares Danusa D. 
Published: June 2018

The present study investigated whether intrinsic exercise capacity affects the changes in thermoregulation, metabolism and central dopamine (DA) induced by treadmill running. Male Wistar rats were subjected to three incremental exercises and ranked as low-performance (LP), standard-performance (SP), and high-performance (HP) rats. In the first experiment, abdominal (TABD) and tail (TTAIL) temperatures were registered in these rats during submaximal exercise (SE) at 60% of maximal speed. Immediately after SE, rats were decapitated and concentrations of DA and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) were determined in the preoptic area (POA). In the second experiment, oxygen consumption was measured and mechanical efficiency (ME) was calculated in these rats during an incremental exercise. HP rats ran for longer periods and were fatigued with higher TABDvalues, with no difference in TTAIL. Nevertheless, thermoregulatory efficiency was higher in HP rats, compared with other groups. DA and DOPAC concentrations in the POA were increased by SE, with higher levels in HP compared with LP and SP rats. V̇o2also differed between groups, with HP rats displaying a lower consumption throughout the incremental exercise but a higher V̇o2at fatigue. ME, in turn, was consistently higher in HP than in LP and SP rats. Thus, our results show that HP rats have greater TABDvalues at fatigue, which seem to be related to a higher dopaminergic activity in the POA. Moreover, HP rats exhibited a greater thermoregulatory efficiency during exercise, which can be attributed to a lower V̇o2, but not to changes in tail heat loss mechanisms.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Our findings reveal that rats with higher intrinsic exercise capacities have greater thermoregulatory efficiencies and increased dopaminergic activity in the preoptic area, a key brain area in thermoregulatory control, while exercising. Moreover, higher intrinsic exercise capacities are associated with decreased oxygen consumption for a given exercise intensity, which indicates greater mechanical efficiencies. Collectively, these findings help to advance our knowledge of why some rats of a given strain can exercise for longer periods than others.
СПЕКТРОФОТОМЕТРИЧНЕ ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ 1-[7-(2-ГІДРОКСІЕТИЛ-1)-3-МЕТИЛКСАНТИН-8-ІЛ]ПІПЕРАЗИНІЙ ХЛОРИДУ
Authors: Ivanchenko D. H. , Zhuk Y. M. , Vasyuk S. O. , Romanenko M. I. 
Published: June 2018

Мета роботи. Розробити та валідувати УФ-спектрофотометричну методику кількісного визначення 1-[7-(2-гідроксіетил-1)-3-метилксантин-8-іл]піперазиній хлориду.Матеріали і методи. Об’єктом дослідження була субстанція 1-[7-(2-гідроксіетил-1)-3-метилксантин-8-іл]піперазиній хлориду. В якості розчинника застосовували воду дистильовану.Аналітичне обладнання: спектрофотометр Specord 200, ваги електронні АВТ-120-5DM, мірний посуд класу А.Результати й обговорення. Для розробки методики кількісного визначення обрано смугу, що спостерігається при 260–320 нм із максимумом поглинання при 289 нм. Згідно з ДФУ розроблену методику валідовано методом стандарту за такими валідаційними характеристиками, як лінійність, діапазон застосування, прецизійність, правильність та робасність. Розраховані числові показники лінійної залежності свідчать, що методика лінійна в усьому обраному діапазоні концентрацій (73–126 %). Прецизійність визначали на рівні збіжності. Встановлено, що однобічний інтервал окремого значення не перевищує максимально припустиму невизначеність аналізу, тому дана методика є точною. Встановлено, що абсорбція аналізованих розчинів залишається стабільною протягом щонайменше однієї години. Також розраховано прогнозовану повну невизначеність результатів для методики кількісного визначення, яка не перевищує критичного значення. Отже, методика буде давати коректні результати і в інших лабораторіях.Висновок. Розроблено та валідовано УФ-спектрофотометричну методику кількісного визначення 1-[7-(2-гідроксіетил-1)-3-метилксантин-8-іл]піперазиній хлориду.
ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ АСОРТИМЕНТУ ВІДХАРКУВАЛЬНИХ ФІТОПРЕПАРАТІВ ДЛЯ ЛІКУВАННЯ КАШЛЮ ПРИ ПРОСТУДНИХ ЗАХВОРЮВАННЯХ
Authors: Beley S. Ya. , Hroshovyi T. A. , Beley N. M. , Darzuli N. P. 
Published: June 2018

Мета роботи. Провести аналіз асортименту відхаркувальних лікарських засобів (ЛЗ) рослинного походження, які зареєстровані в України і застосовуються для лікування кашлю при простудних захворюваннях.Матеріали і методи. Загальноприйняті статистичні та маркетингові дослідження паперових та електронних джерел інформації щодо ЛЗ даної фармакологічної групи.Результати й обговорення. Статтю присвячено аналізу асортименту відхаркувальних ЛЗ рослинного походження, зареєстрованих в Україні. Визначено основні закономірності асортиментної політики фармацевтичних виробників щодо ЛЗ для лікування кашлю при простудних захворюваннях.Висновки. Встановлено, що в Україні станом на січень 2018 р. група відхаркувальних ЛЗ рослинного походження налічує 90 зареєстрованих торгових назв (ТН), більшість з них – комбіновані ЛЗ, частка яких становить 37 %. Серед усіх ЛФ сиропи займають 36 %, частка зборів становить 26 %, і вони представлені лише вітчизняними виробниками. ЛЗ у формі таблеток займають третє місце серед вітчизняних ЛЗ та їх частка становить 12 %.
Diabetes Mellitus–Induced Long Noncoding RNA
Dnm3os
Regulates Macrophage Functions and Inflammation via Nuclear Mechanisms
Authors: Das Sadhan , Reddy Marpadga A. , Senapati Parijat , Stapleton Kenneth , Lanting Linda , Wang Mei , Amaram Vishnu , Ganguly Rituparna , Zhang Lingxiao , Devaraj Sridevi , Schones Dustin E. , Natarajan Rama 
Published: June 2018

Objective—
Macrophages play key roles in inflammation and diabetic vascular complications. Emerging evidence implicates long noncoding RNAs in inflammation, but their role in macrophage dysfunction associated with inflammatory diabetic complications is unclear and was therefore investigated in this study.

Approach and Results—

RNA-sequencing and real-time quantitative PCR demonstrated that a long noncoding RNA
Dnm3os
(dynamin 3 opposite strand) is upregulated in bone marrow-derived macrophages from type 2 diabetic db/db mice, diet-induced insulin-resistant mice, and diabetic ApoE
−/−
mice, as well as in monocytes from type 2 diabetic patients relative to controls. Diabetic conditions (high glucose and palmitic acid) induced
Dnm3os
in mouse and human macrophages. Promoter reporter analysis and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays demonstrated that diabetic conditions induce
Dnm3os
via NF-κB activation. RNA fluorescence in situ hybridization and real-time quantitative PCRs of subcellular fractions demonstrated nuclear localization and chromatin enrichment of
Dnm3os
in macrophages. Stable overexpression of
Dnm3os
in macrophages altered global histone modifications and upregulated inflammation and immune response genes and phagocytosis. Conversely, RNAi-mediated knockdown of
Dnm3os
attenuated these responses. RNA pull-down assays with macrophage nuclear lysates identified nucleolin and ILF-2 (interleukin enhancer-binding factor 2) as protein binding partners of
Dnm3os
, which was further confirmed by RNA fluorescence in situ hybridization immunofluorescence. Furthermore, nucleolin levels were decreased in diabetic conditions, and its knockdown enhanced
Dnm3os
-induced inflammatory gene expression and histone H3K9-acetylation at their promoters.

Conclusions—

These results demonstrate novel mechanisms involving upregulation of long noncoding RNA
Dnm3os
, disruption of its interaction with nucleolin, and epigenetic modifications at target genes that promote macrophage inflammatory phenotype in diabetes mellitus. The data could lead to long noncoding RNA-based therapies for inflammatory diabetes mellitus complications.
Navigating Migrant Trajectories through Private Actors
Authors: Franck Anja K. , Brandström Arellano Emanuelle , Anderson Joseph Trawicki 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Recent research on the ‘migration industry’ has provided a means to interrogate how private actors come to be used as a means to facilitate, direct and control migration. Both through incorporating private actors into security functions and outsourcing certain functions to labour brokers, the use of migration industry actors is an important part of the ways in which the state works to maintain its sovereign control over territory and the ways people move across it. Yet this is not the only way in which migration industry actors are used. Instead, private actors also play a key role for migrants, although attention towards how migrants themselves perceive and use these actors during the migration process has received far less attention. Using timelines of migrant trajectories from Burma/Myanmar to Malaysia, the following study therefore sets out to map the private actors involved in the migrants’ projects to travel to and stay in Malaysia—and to investigate how these actors are strategically used by migrants as a means to increase their room to manoeuvre during the migration process. In approaching this, the study combines literature on the privatisation and commercialisation of international migration with scholarship on migration trajectories and migrant agency. Empirically the study builds upon fieldwork conducted in the Burmese migrant community in the city of George Town in northern Malaysia.
Narratives of Change: Healing and Pentecostal Belonging in Zanzibar
Authors: Olsson Hans 
Published: June 2018

AbstractIn the predominantly Muslim context of Zanzibar, Pentecostal Christianity is slowly on the rise as a result of an influx of labor migrants from mainland Tanzania. A paramount feature in these churches is the provision of divine healing and deliverance from spiritual affliction. This article analyses how narratives of healing in one of Zanzibar’s major Pentecostal churches, the City Christian Center, influence how religious belonging is negotiated and manifested. Focusing on Zanzibar-born Pentecostals with Roman Catholic backgrounds, the analysis suggests that healing and practices conducted to deliver individuals from pain and suffering are connected to a wider revaluation of moral and social actions characterizing Zanzibar society. It stresses that Pentecostal belonging builds on Zanzibar-born members’ previous experiences of Zanzibar in a process of both affirmation and rejection, in which adherence to Christianity is intensified by an increased knowledge of God’s power to heal, and opposition to the Muslim majority is strengthened by connecting it to sickness.