bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nata de cincau: Pacitan’s black cincau (Mesona palustris BL) product innovation with respect to its physical, chemical and sensory characteristics
Authors: Naja H L , Sari A M , Zaman M Z 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Black cincau (Mesona palustris BL) is a particularly abundant commodity in Pacitan, Indonesia. It has a higher fibre and antioxidant content compared to other varieties. Black cincau is potentially processed into nata de cincau in order to diversify food products in Pacitan. The aim of this study is to define the best formulation of nata de cincau, considering its physical (yield, thickness and texture) and chemical (water and crude fibre) characteristics. The best three formulations, based on physical and chemical characteristics, were chosen for sensory evaluation (colour, flavour, taste, texture and overall). Nata de cincau processing used various concentration of substrates (extract black cincau) (2.5%, 7.5% and 12.5%) and a variety of starter concentrations (5%, 10% and 15%) were added. Nata de cincau with 12.5% substrate concentration and 5%, 10% and 15% starter concentration were the best three formulations in terms of all physical and chemical characteristics. Sensory evaluation was performed on the best three formulations; 12.5% substrate concentration and 15% starter concentration was found to be the best formulation.
Effect of dietary supplementation of frutescens seeds (Perilla Frutescens L.) on growth performance, slaughter weight, carcass weight, and meat quality of male local duck
Authors: Hadi R F , Sudiyono  
Published: October 2019

Abstract
This experiment was aimed to observe the effects of Frutescens seeds (Perilla frutescens L.) levels in the diet on the growth performance, slaughter weight, carcass weight, and meat quality of male local duck. A total of 90 ducks were divided into 3 treatment groups with five replicates. The treatments were: basal diet without supplementation frutescens seeds meal (P0), experimental diets with 2.5% frutescens seeds meal (P1); and 5% frutescens seeds meal (P2). The experiment was conducted for 60 days. Average daily gain (ADG), slaughter weight, carcass weight, crude protein and fat contents of duck meat were observed. The data were analyzed with one way analysis of variance (ANOVA). If there was significant differences among treatments, Duncan’s multiple range test (DMRT) were applied. The body weight, feed intake, slaughter weight, carcass weight, dry matter, and meat protein content were not affected by the dietary treatments. However, the effect of the Frutescens supplementation in the diets significantly affected ADG, non-carcass weight, and fat content in the duck meat.The highest fat content of meat has been found in the duck raised with 5% of Frutescens seeds supplementation in the diet. These results suggested that the use of 5% Frutescens seeds supplementation in the diet effectively increased ADG, non carcass weight, and fat content of meat. Whereas other traits observed in this study were not affected.
Chitosan-garlic essential oil incorporation on beef meatball edible coatings as antioxidant-based functional food
Authors: Ariviani S , Kusumawati M , Atmaka W 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
In addition to providing protection, edible coatings can also improve the functional properties of the coated food through the incorporation of bioactive compounds, such as antioxidants. The study aimed to investigate the potential of chitosan and/or garlic essential oil (EO) incorporation into the edible coatings of beef meatballs in enhancing the antioxidant properties. The potency of chitosan, garlic EO and its combination in increasing the antioxidant properties of meatballs were examined by comparing them toward meatballs without bioactive compounds incorporation (control) for 18 days of storage at 4±1°C. This study used a completely randomized design and the data were analyzed using an analysis of variance at p> 0.05. Results showed that incorporation of chitosan and garlic EO into edible coatings increasing both either RSA or RP of coated meatballs. RSA of meatballs increased 3.7 times (chitosan), 4.6 times (garlic EO) and 7 times (chitosan-garlic EO), while the RP increased 2.6 times (chitosan), 2.9 times (garlic) and 3.0 times (chitosan-garlic EO). During storage, all of the meatballs tested showed a reduction in both RSA and RP. Incorporation of chitosan-garlic EO into the edible coating produces a synergistic effect in RSA but it showed antagonist effect in RP.
Influence of withering time and leaf condition on physical and chemical characteristics of fig leaf tea
Authors: Amanto B S , Laily F N , Nursiwi A 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe fig leaf (Ficus carica) is a good source of bioactive compounds, especially phenolic. Fig leaf can be used for producing herbal tea. The processing of tea includes withering, rolling, oxidation, and drying. Withering is one of the major steps for tea quality. The objectives of the research were to study the effect of withering time and leaf condition on physical (color) and chemical (total phenol content, tannin content, antioxidant activity) characteristics of fig leaf tea. The fig leaves were withered in four diferrent times (0 hours, 8 hours, 13 hours, and 18 hours). The leaf conditions were normal and rusty leaves. The results showed that withering time significantly affects the physical and chemical characteristics of fig leaf tea. The longer withering time the darker tea color, and the lower total phenol content, tannin content, and antioxidant activity of fig leaf tea infussions. Leaf condition significantly affects the tea color (L, a, b, hue). Normal leaves produce the tea with higher total phenol content, tannin content, and antioxidant activity than the rusty leaves.
Preparation and preliminary characterization of sago flour and semi refined kappa carrageenan-based biocomposite film incorporated with coconut crabs chitosan nanoparticles
Authors: Rasulu H , Praseptiangga D , Joni I M , Ramelan A H 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The use of nano-sized chitosan natural polymers served as biopolymers containing antimicrobial substances is promising to be utilized as preservatives that could maintain quality and extend the shelf-life of foods.The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of chitosan coconut crabs nanoparticles (CsCC NPs) incorporation to the sago flour (SF) and semi-refined kappa carrageenan (SRKC) based biocomposite film on their mechanical and barrier properties. The CsCC NPs suspension was prepared by the beads-milling method. The CCCsNPs was incorporated with various concentration (0, 1, 2, 3%) and introduced into 2 g of SF and SRKC (2:1) with the addition of Carboxymethyl Cellulose(CMC) and glycerol (2: 1) as a plasticizer. The results showed that the brightness value (L*) of prepared biocomposite film was at the range of 59.21-60.44. The thickness, tensile strength, and elongation at break of the films were at the range of 0.082-0.172mm, 3.22-8.09 MPa, 18.49-24.25%, respectively, while the water vapor permeability (WVP) of the films were at a range of 3.61-7.99 gm/m2h−1kPa−1. It is indicated that the incorporation of CsCC NPs on the investigated biocomposite film could improve the films’ properties and have enormous potential to be developed as biodegradable active packaging.
Implementation of organic farming system and consumer satisfaction
Authors: Suswadi  , Rahayu E S , Harisudin M , Anantanyu S 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The research objectives are: (1) to analyse the implementation of organic farming of Boyolali farmers. (2) to find out consumer satisfaction level of organic rice in Surakarta and Boyolali.The research location was determined purposively in Dlingo Village, Boyolali and Surakarta. This research used qualitative method with interactive data analysis model of Miles and Huberman and descriptive analysis. The research resulted in the application of organic farming systems by the farmers in the following ways: (a) the selection of locations not contaminated with chemicals, (b) appropriate local types of rice plant, (c) programming of appropriate crop rotation, (d) processing soil with tools not contaminated with chemicals, (e) intermitten irrigation, (f) use of fermented compost, (g) control of pests with natural enemies and vegetable pesticides, (h) appropriate post-harvest handling, and (i) organic rice marketed with the packaging that attaches the SNI organiklogo. The results of research on the level of consumer satisfaction with organic rice are: (a) the quality of the organic rice is 90.41% meaning that the consumers are satisfied; (b) the availability of the organic rice is 73% meaning that the consumers are satisfied; and (c) the price of the organic rice is 60% meaning that the consumers are dissatisfied.
Analysis of potential featured agriculture commodities and processed products in Sragen Regency
Authors: Setyowati N , Ardianto D T , Khomah I , Widiyanti E 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
This research aimed to identify the mapping of potential featured agricultural commodities and processed products in Sragen Regency. Data analysis used Exponential Comparative Method (ECM) and Borda Method. ECM Method showed that featured agriculture commodities at subdistrict level in Sragen Regency are Paddy, Pomelo Oranges, Corn, Banana Seedlings, Chili, Peanut, Melon, Watermelon, Sugarcane, Cassava, Arrowroot, Soybean, Fish, etc. Borda Method showed that the five featured agriculture commodities in Sragen Regency are Paddy with a value of 13, 600.56; Corn 4, 918.36; Sugar Cane 3, 313.95; Pamelo Orange 1, 466.64; and Peanut 904.64. Borda Method also showed that the featured processed products in the subdistrict level at Sragen Regency are Intip, Processed Fish, Rice, Marneng, Tempe Benguk, Ampyang, Emping Garut, Tofu, Keripik Tempe, Etawa Milk, Cornmeal, and others. Borda Method showed that the fifth rank featured processed products in Sragen Regency are Rice with the value of 7, 530.2; Marneng 1, 683; Emping Garut 1, 241.99; Keripik Tempe 957.65; and Tempe Benguk 713.99. It means that the featured agriculture commodities in Sragen Regency feasible to economic development priority in order to support community economic welfare are Rice, Corn, Garut, Pamelo Orange, and Peanut. Meanwhile, the featured processed products in Sragen Regency feasible to develop are Rice, Marneng, Emping Garut, Keripik Tempe, and Tempe Benguk.
The Influence of Loading Force on Ultrasonic Drilling Garnet Ferrite
Authors: Pei T H , Zhang X F , Wang Q , Zhang T Y , Zhong Y , Zhu Y Y 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
In order to achieve high precision microholes of garnet ferrite, the rotary ultrasonic assisted machining and the tool load matching system were employed. An ultrasonic precise microholes technology experiment platform was built to machine garnet ferrite materials. A series of drilling experiments to machine garnet ferrite were presented in this paper, which were used to explore the influence of cutting force on tool wear. And the holes’ exit aperture and wall surface roughness were applied to be evaluation parameters to explore the effect of loading force on machining quality. As a result, tool wear is aggravates as cutting force increases. And loading force shows different influence tendency on exit aperture size precision and wall surface roughness, the selection of proper loading force does good to control exit aperture size and hole wall surface roughness effictively.
‘The Great Britain of the South’: the Law of Contract in Early Colonial New Zealand
Authors: Swain Warren 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Some nineteenth century writers like the Scottish born poet William Golder, used the term ‘the Great Britain of the south’ as a description of his new home. He was not alone in this characterisation. There were of course other possible perspectives, not least from the Māori point of view, which these British writers inevitably fail to capture. A third reality was more specific to lawyers or at least to those caught up in the legal system. The phrase ‘the Great Britain of the south’ fails to capture the complexity of the way that English law was applied in the early colony. The law administered throughout the British Empire reflected the common law origins of colonial legal systems but did not mean that the law was identical to that in England. Scholars have emphasised the adaptability of English law in various colonial settings. New Zealand contract law of this time did draw on some English precedents. The early lawyers were steeped in the English legal tradition. At the same time, English authorities were used with a light touch. The legal and social framework within which contract law operated was also quite different. This meant, for example, that mercantile juries were important in adapting the law to local conditions. Early New Zealand contract law provides a good example of both the importance of English law in a colonial setting and its adaptability.
Spray Drift from Three Airblast Sprayer Technologies in a Modern Orchard Work Environment
Authors: Kasner Edward J , Fenske Richard A , Hoheisel Gwen A , Galvin Kit , Blanco Magali N , Seto Edmund Y W , Yost Michael G 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Pesticide spray drift represents an important exposure pathway that may cause illness among orchard workers. To strike a balance between improving spray coverage and reducing drift, new sprayer technologies are being marketed for use in modern tree canopies to replace conventional axial fan airblast (AFA) sprayers that have been used widely since the 1950s. We designed a series of spray trials that used mixed-effects modeling to compare tracer-based drift volume levels for old and new sprayer technologies in an orchard work environment. Building on a smaller study of 6 trials (168 tree rows) that collected polyester line drift samples (n = 270 measurements) suspended on 15 vertical masts downwind of an AFA sprayer application, this study included 9 additional comparison trials (252 tree rows; n = 405 measurements) for 2 airblast tower sprayers: the directed air tower (DAT) and the multi-headed fan tower (MFT). Field-based measurements at mid (26 m) and far (52 m) distances showed that the DAT and MFT sprayers had 4–15 and 35–37% less drift than the AFA. After controlling for downwind distance, sampling height, and wind speed, model results indicated that the MFT [−35%; 95% confidence interval (CI): −22 and −49%; P &lt; 0.001] significantly reduced drift levels compared to the AFA, but the DAT did not (−7%; 95% CI: −19 and 6%; P = 0.29). Tower sprayers appear to be a promising means by which to decrease drift levels through shorter nozzle-to-tree canopy distances and more horizontally directed aerosols that escape the tree canopy to a lesser extent. Substitution of these new technologies for AFA sprayers is likely to reduce the frequency and magnitude of pesticide drift exposures and associated illnesses. These findings, especially for the MFT, may fit United States Environmental Protection Agency’s Drift Reduction Technology (DRT) one-star rating of 25–50% reduction. An ‘AFA buyback’ incentive program could be developed to stimulate wider adoption of new drift-reducing spray technologies. However, improved sprayer technologies alone do not eliminate drift. Applicator training, including proper sprayer calibration and maintenance, and application exclusion zones (AEZs) can also contribute to minimizing the risks of drift exposure. With regard to testing DRTs and establishing AEZs, our study findings demonstrate the need to define the impact of airblast sprayer type, orchard architecture, sampling height, and wind speed.
Clinical Outcomes and Satisfaction following Neuropsychological Assessment for Adults: A Community Hospital Prospective Quasi-Experimental Study
Authors: Lanca Margaret , Giuliano Anthony J , Sarapas Casey , Potter Anya I , Kim Michelle S , West Adrienne L , Chow Clifton M 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Objective
Patients and other stakeholders generally report high satisfaction with neuropsychological evaluations (NPEs), but no research has examined effects of cognitive, emotional, and other factors that often prompt evaluations. A prospective, quasi-experimental study was conducted to examine self-reported cognitive and psychiatric symptoms, self-efficacy, motivation, and satisfaction following a NPE.

Method
Participants from a neuropsychology clinic who were diagnosed with AD/HD and/or a DSM-IV mood disorder based on a NPE were included, and excluded if diagnosed with dementia or failure on performance validity tests.

Results
To examine whether a NPE with an interventional feedback session was associated with outcomes, changes from baseline to post-feedback session were examined with repeated-measures analysis of variance. Pearson correlations determined whether changes in hypothesized mechanisms (i.e., self-efficacy, goal importance and confidence ratings, and use of cognitive strategies) were related to changes in cognitive or psychiatric symptom severity. At follow-up, participants reported reductions in psychiatric (change in Brief Symptom Inventory depression: M = -2.8, SD = 4.4, range = −11 to 8, ${\eta}_p^2$=.30; anxiety: M = 3.2, SD = 6.6, range = −21 to 10, ${\eta}_p^2$ = .20) and cognitive symptoms (change in Multiple Ability Self-Report Questionnaire attention: M = −0.3, SD = 0.5, range = −1.6 to 0.5, ${\eta}_p^2$ = .31; verbal memory: M = −0.3, SD = 0.5, range = −1.1 to 0.5, ${\eta}_p^2$ = .24; language: M = −0.4, SD = 0.4, range = −1.3 to 0.4, ${\eta}_p^2$ = .48), and improved cognition (change in Meta-Memory Questionnaire ability: M = 4.4,SD = 6.2, range = −10 to 16, ${\eta}_p^2$ = .35; contentment: M = 4.3, SD = 4.5, range = −7 to 14, ${\eta}_p^2$ = .49). Participants reported increased self-efficacy for general and evaluation-specific goals. Increased goal-specific self-efficacy was associated with large reductions in psychiatric symptoms.

Conclusions
Participants reported high levels of satisfaction with the NPE. Results support the clinical utility of NPE and feedback, and underscore the importance of individualized goal setting as part of the evaluation process.
CRISPR therapy towards an HIV cure
Authors: Herrera-Carrillo Elena , Gao Zongliang , Berkhout Ben 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Tools based on RNA interference (RNAi) and the recently developed clustered regularly short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) system enable the selective modification of gene expression, which also makes them attractive therapeutic reagents for combating HIV infection and other infectious diseases. Several parallels can be drawn between the RNAi and CRISPR-Cas9 platforms. An ideal RNAi or CRISPR-Cas9 therapeutic strategy for treating infectious or genetic diseases should exhibit potency, high specificity and safety. However, therapeutic applications of RNAi and CRISPR-Cas9 have been challenged by several major limitations, some of which can be overcome by optimal design of the therapy or the design of improved reagents. In this review, we will discuss some advantages and limitations of anti-HIV strategies based on RNAi and CRISPR-Cas9 with a focus on the efficiency, specificity, off-target effects and delivery methods.
The effect of tissue composition on gene co-expression
Authors: Zhang Yun , Cuerdo Jonavelle , Halushka Marc K , McCall Matthew N 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Variable cellular composition of tissue samples represents a significant challenge for the interpretation of genomic profiling studies. Substantial effort has been devoted to modeling and adjusting for compositional differences when estimating differential expression between sample types. However, relatively little attention has been given to the effect of tissue composition on co-expression estimates. In this study, we illustrate the effect of variable cell-type composition on correlation-based network estimation and provide a mathematical decomposition of the tissue-level correlation. We show that a class of deconvolution methods developed to separate tumor and stromal signatures can be applied to two component cell-type mixtures. In simulated and real data, we identify conditions in which a deconvolution approach would be beneficial. Our results suggest that uncorrelated cell-type-specific markers are ideally suited to deconvolute both the expression and co-expression patterns of an individual cell type. We provide a Shiny application for users to interactively explore the effect of cell-type composition on correlation-based co-expression estimation for any cell types of interest.
Combining clinical and molecular data in regression prediction models: insights from a simulation study
Authors: De Bin Riccardo , Boulesteix Anne-Laure , Benner Axel , Becker Natalia , Sauerbrei Willi 
Published: October 2019

AbstractData integration, i.e. the use of different sources of information for data analysis, is becoming one of the most important topics in modern statistics. Especially in, but not limited to, biomedical applications, a relevant issue is the combination of low-dimensional (e.g. clinical data) and high-dimensional (e.g. molecular data such as gene expressions) data sources in a prediction model. Not only the different characteristics of the data, but also the complex correlation structure within and between the two data sources, pose challenging issues. In this paper, we investigate these issues via simulations, providing some useful insight into strategies to combine low- and high-dimensional data in a regression prediction model. In particular, we focus on the effect of the correlation structure on the results, while accounting for the influence of our specific choices in the design of the simulation study.
A novel bioinformatics approach to identify the consistently well-performing normalization strategy for current metabolomic studies
Authors: Yang Qingxia , Hong Jiajun , Li Yi , Xue Weiwei , Li Song , Yang Hui , Zhu Feng 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Unwanted experimental/biological variation and technical error are frequently encountered in current metabolomics, which requires the employment of normalization methods for removing undesired data fluctuations. To ensure the ‘thorough’ removal of unwanted variations, the collective consideration of multiple criteria (‘intragroup variation’, ‘marker stability’ and ‘classification capability’) was essential. However, due to the limited number of available normalization methods, it is extremely challenging to discover the appropriate one that can meet all these criteria. Herein, a novel approach was proposed to discover the normalization strategies that are consistently well performing (CWP) under all criteria. Based on various benchmarks, all normalization methods popular in current metabolomics were ‘first’ discovered to be non-CWP. ‘Then’, 21 new strategies that combined the ‘sample’-based method with the ‘metabolite’-based one were found to be CWP. ‘Finally’, a variety of currently available methods (such as cubic splines, range scaling, level scaling, EigenMS, cyclic loess and mean) were identified to be CWP when combining with other normalization. In conclusion, this study not only discovered several strategies that performed consistently well under all criteria, but also proposed a novel approach that could ensure the identification of CWP strategies for future biological problems.