bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SDSS-IV MaNGA: The Intrinsic Shape of Slow Rotator Early-type Galaxies
Authors: Li 李弘 Hongyu 宇 , Mao Shude , Cappellari Michele , Graham Mark T. , Emsellem Eric , Long R. J. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
By inverting the distributions of galaxies’ apparent ellipticities and misalignment angles (measured around the projected half-light radius R
e) between their photometric and kinematic axes, we study the intrinsic shape distribution of 189 slow rotator early-type galaxies with stellar masses 2 × 1011
M
⊙ < M
* < 2 × 1012
M
⊙, extracted from a sample of about 2200 galaxies with integral-field stellar kinematics from the data release 14 (DR14) of the fourth-generation Sloan Digital Sky Survey IV (SDSS-IV) Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory (MaNGA) integral field unit (IFU) survey. Thanks to the large sample of slow rotators, Graham et al. showed that there is clear structure in the misalignment angle distribution, with two peaks at both 0° and 90° misalignment (characteristic of oblate and prolate rotation, respectively). Here we invert the observed distribution from Graham et al. The large sample allows us to go beyond the known fact that slow rotators are weakly triaxial and to place useful constraints on their intrinsic triaxiality distribution (around 1 R
e) for the first time. The shape inversion is generally non-unique. However, we find that, for a wide set of model assumptions, the observed distribution clearly requires a dominant triaxial-oblate population. For some of our models, the data suggest a minor triaxial-prolate population, but a dominant prolate population is ruled out.
Californium-254 and Kilonova Light Curves
Authors: Zhu Y. , Wollaeger R. T. , Vassh N. , Surman R. , Sprouse T. M. , Mumpower M. R. , Möller P. , McLaughlin G. C. , Korobkin O. , Kawano T. , Jaffke P. J. , Holmbeck E. M. , Fryer C. L. , Even W. P. , Couture A. J. , Barnes J. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Neutron star mergers offer unique conditions for the creation of the heavy elements, and additionally provide a testbed for our understanding of this synthesis known as the r-process. We have performed dynamical nucleosynthesis calculations and identified a single isotope, 254Cf, which has a particularly high impact on the brightness of electromagnetic transients associated with mergers on the order of 15 to 250 days. This is due to the anomalously long half-life of this isotope and the efficiency of fission thermalization compared to other nuclear channels. We estimate the fission fragment yield of this nucleus and outline the astrophysical conditions under which 254Cf has the greatest impact to the light curve. Future observations in the mid-infrared, which are bright during this regime, could indicate the production of actinide nucleosynthesis.
A Decline in the X-Ray through Radio Emission from GW170817 Continues to Support an Off-axis Structured Jet
Authors: Alexander K. D. , Margutti R. , Blanchard P. K. , Fong W. , Berger E. , Hajela A. , Eftekhari T. , Chornock R. , Cowperthwaite P. S. , Giannios D. , Guidorzi C. , Kathirgamaraju A. , MacFadyen A. , Metzger B. D. , Nicholl M. , Sironi L. , Villar V. A. , Williams P. K. G. , Xie X. , Zrake J. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
We present new observations of the binary neutron star merger GW170817 at Δt ≈ 220–290 days post-merger, at radio (Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array; VLA), X-ray (Chandra X-ray Observatory), and optical (Hubble Space Telescope; HST) wavelengths. These observations provide the first evidence for a turnover in the X-ray light curve, mirroring a decline in the radio emission at ≳5σ significance. The radio-to-X-ray spectral energy distribution exhibits no evolution into the declining phase. Our full multi-wavelength data set is consistent with the predicted behavior of our previously published models of a successful structured jet expanding into a low-density circumbinary medium, but pure cocoon models with a choked jet cannot be ruled out. If future observations continue to track our predictions, we expect that the radio and X-ray emission will remain detectable until ∼1000 days post-merger.
Team Reasoning and Spontaneous Collective Intentions
Authors: Gold Natalie 
Published: August 2018

J’explore la tension apparente entre l’idée que les intentions collectives sont le résultat du raisonnement en équipe, et l’idée qu’il puisse exister des intentions collectives spontanées. Ce problème soulève une question plus générale quant au lien entre raisonnement et intentions spontanées, y compris dans le cas des intentions individuelles. Je montre que cette tension n’a pas lieu d’être lorsque la distinction est faite entre intentions et intentionnalité, car il devient possible de rejeter l’existence d’intentions spontanées, tout en conservant l’existence d’une intentionnalité spontanée, et ce dans les cas individuels et collectifs. Néanmoins, dans la mesure où le raisonnement individuel est un cas particulier du modèle de raisonnement en équipe, et que l’existence d’intentions individuelles spontanées est plausible, il semble souhaitable que les théoriciens du raisonnement en équipe soit également en mesure d’expliquer les intentions spontanées dans le cas collectif. Ceci nécessite de montrer que les intentions spontanées peuvent être compatibles avec le raisonnement. J’examine les différentes interprétations de l’idée de « raisonnement » en philosophie, économie, et science cognitive, et montre comment les intentions collectives spontanées peuvent être réconciliées avec certaines de ces interprétations, interprétations qui sont compatibles avec la manière dont le raisonnement est appréhendé dans la littérature sur le raisonnement en équipe. Je propose de comprendre le raisonnement en équipe comme un « modèle computationnel », tel qu’utilisé en science cognitive, et montre à partir de certaines théories en philosophie de la computation que cette approche présente des implications favorables aux théories d’agentivité collective, car elle permettrait que les groupes puissent être des raisonneurs.
The Efficiency of Team Reasoning
Authors: Paternotte Cédric 
Published: August 2018

Le raisonnement en équipe est-il plus efficace que le raisonnement individuel ? Il devrait l’être, puisqu’il mène par définition des individus à adopter des stratégies collectivement optimales. De fait, on a pu lire que le raisonnement en équipe est plus rationnellement efficace et qu’il peut être plus viable du point de vue évolutionnaire que le raisonnement individuel. Cet article donne des raisons qui limitent ces deux affirmations, qui reposent sur une sous-estimation de l’efficacité du raisonnement individuel et sur une surestimation du pouvoir de coordination du raisonnement en équipe. Après ces rectificatifs, l’efficacité du raisonnement en équipe se révèle équivoque. D’un point de vue rationnel, l’efficacité supérieure du raisonnement par équipe dépend de conditions spécifiques concernant la nature du contexte d’interaction et la probabilité générale que des individus raisonnent en équipe. D’un point du vue évolutionnaire, l’apparition comme la stabilisation du raisonnement en équipe deviennent difficilement explicables.
Using Taylorism to make work easier: A work procedure perspective
Authors: Ndaguba Emeka A. , Nzewi Ogochukwu I. , Ijeoma Edwin C. , Sambumbu Matemba , Sibanda Modeni M. 
Published: August 2018

Background: Complexities generally are conundrums that inhibit efficiency and effectiveness in research and practice; one of the symptoms of this is nebulous obstruction to task completion in the workplace. Complexities in work procedures create complications in the application of procedures for completing tasks. Recent trends in the Auditor General’s report have demonstrated the metastasising culture of non-compliance to work procedures in municipalities in South Africa. Research, as well as the audit outcomes for the Eastern Cape in particular, is a testament to this assertion. Therefore, there is no need to make work more complex. Aim: To ascertain whether the application of Taylorism in the workplace could improve performance and to access the utilisation of work procedure in municipalities in the Eastern Cape. Setting: This study was carried out using quantitative data collected from a District Municipality and its five local municipalities at the Transkei area of the Eastern Cape, South Africa. Method: A survey completed by 593 municipality workers (junior workers) was collected and analysed using statistical methods and triangulation. Results: Findings from the article reveals that work procedures in the organisation might be old and archaic. It may be relevant to workers who have little or no interference from externalities with regard to their job commitments. It recommends that those officials that perform routinised functions in municipalities should use a work procedure manual when completing their task. Based on the notion that work procedures engender compliance, increase outcome and output, increase productivity, save time, reduce stress and organisational friction or conflict in organisations. Conclusion: It concludes that procedures that are comprehensible (simple), accessible (organically inputted and communicated) and accurate (effectively designed) will improve the daily functionality of lower echelon staff in the municipalities, especially those requiring little or no external influence on the completion of a task.
Extraosseous Ewing's Sarcoma of the Maxillary Sinus: A Very Rare Entity
Authors: Prakash A Ravi , Simha Reddy A Vikram Simha , Killampalli Lakshmi Keerthana , Rajinikanth M 
Published: August 2018

AbstractEwing's sarcoma is rare sarcoma of bone and soft tissue that uncommonly involve the head and neck in both bone and soft tissue locations. The term Ewing's sarcoma family of tumors comprises both Ewing's sarcoma and peripheral neuroectodermal tumor. It was in 1975, Angervall and Enzinger described the Ewing's sarcoma arising in soft tissues (extraskeletal). The principal sites of extraskeletal Ewing's sarcoma are the paravertebral region and chest wall, generally in close association with vertebrae or the ribs. These tumors may also arise in the soft tissues of the lower extremities and rarely in the pelvic region and hip regions. Superficially located cases do occur but are rare. Here, we present a case of Ewing's sarcoma involving the maxillary sinus region. A 12-year-old boy reported to our department with a swelling on the right side of middle third of the face for 15 days. Intraorally, there was only obliteration of the labial vestibule. On histopathological examination, a provisional diagnosis of malignant round cell tumor was given. Immunohistochemistry with a panel of markers was done to come to a definitive diagnosis. CD99 positivity confirmed the diagnosis of Ewing's sarcoma.
Precursor B-cell Lymphoblastic Lymphoma of Bone in Children: A Close Mimicker of Ewing's Sarcoma
Authors: Seetharam Shwetha , Thankamony Priyakumari , Jacob Priya Mary , Nair Rekha Appukuttan 
Published: August 2018

AbstractPrecursor B-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma (LBL) occurring as a primary bone tumor is a rare clinical presentation in children, and data regarding this condition are limited to small case series or a few individual case reports. We report two pediatric cases of precursor B-cell LBL of the bone. The tumor cells from bone biopsies of both patients were seen to be positive for leukocyte common antigen (LCA), terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase, CD10, CD20 and weakly positive for CD99. Bone marrow studies were normal. They were treated according to the modified Berlin-Frankfurt-Münster acute lymphoblastic leukemia high-risk protocol. The first patient has completed treatment including local radiotherapy and has been disease free for the past 10 years. The second patient has recently completed treatment and shows good response.
Role of Histopathological Differentiation as a Prognostic Factor for Treatment Response in Locally Advanced Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cervix Patients
Authors: Shah Afsana , Jena Nihar Kanta , Shukla Pragya 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Introduction: The aim of the study was to evaluate the prognostic significance of histopathological differentiation in treatment outcome of locally advanced carcinoma cervix. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study includes 167 patients of locally advanced carcinoma cervix treated between January 2006 and December 2008 who have received definitive chemoradiation. Results:: The number of patients with well (85 [50.9%]) and moderately differentiated (76 [45.5%]) carcinoma was nearly equal with poorly differentiated variety having only 6 (3.6%) patients. On completion of treatment out of the 167 patients, 133 (79.6%) had a complete response and 34 (20.4%) had residual disease. On mean follow-up of 11 months, 19 (14.2%) patients had local and 5 (3.7%) had a distant relapse. Histopathological differentiation and age had no association with treatment outcome, whereas early-stage disease showed trend favoring better treatment response. Conclusion: Advanced stage along with poor histopathological differentiation influences the aggressiveness of the tumor responsible for distant relapse. However, histopathological differentiation has no correlation with local treatment response and overall survival. The main factor influencing the treatment outcome is the intrinsic radiosensitivity of the tumor and volume of the disease.
A Child with Bulky Kidneys and Renal Failure
Authors: Shenoy Ramnath , Moideen Faheem , Lashkari Harsha Prasada 
Published: August 2018

AbstractAcute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common malignancy in children. Acute renal failure is a well-recognized complication of ALL after initiation of chemotherapy. Renal failure as the primary manifestation of ALL with no evidence of tumor lysis is rare.
Obesity and Breast Cancer: Association of Serum Adiponectin, Leptin, and Adiponectin–Leptin Ratio as Risk Biomarkers
Authors: Danthala Madhav , Rajesh Gogulamudi Ratna , Gundeti Sadashivudu , Raju Gottumukkala Suryanarayana , Chandran Priscilla , Srinivas Maddali Lakshmi 
Published: August 2018

AbstractIntroduction: Obesity has been associated with the development of breast cancer. The objectives were to study the association of serum adiponectin, serum leptin, and adiponectin–leptin ratio (ALR) in patients with breast cancer and matched controls, and to study their relationship with the various clinicopathological characteristics of breast cancer. Materials and Methods: A prospective, hospital-based case–control study was conducted on 40 patients with a first-confirmed histopathology diagnosis of breast cancer and 40 controls comprising individuals without a history of cancer simultaneously recruited from the health examination clinics during the same study period. Serum adiponectin and leptin concentrations were measured in a single run using commercially available kits (Human ADP/Acrp30 [adiponectin] enzyme-linked immune-sorbent assay [ELISA] kit and Human Leptin ELISA kit, Elabscience Biotechnology Co., Ltd) according to the manufacturer's instructions. Results:: Serum adiponectin levels were reduced significantly in breast cancer patients, in comparison to controls (P = 0.04), while serum leptin levels were increased significantly in breast cancer patients, in comparison to controls (P = 0.03). ALR was significantly lower in breast cancer cases, in comparison to controls (P = 0.05). There was no correlation between receptor status (estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, Her2/neu), aggressiveness of disease in terms of tumor size, nodal metastases, stage, tumor grade, and serum adiponectin levels, leptin levels, or ALR. Body mass index was negatively correlated with serum adiponectin levels and ALR (r = 0.33, P = 0.03; r = 0.39, P = 0.01, respectively) and positively correlated with serum leptin levels (r = 0.34, P = 0.02). Conclusion: In summary, our results suggest that low serum adiponectin levels, ALR, and high serum leptin levels are associated with breast cancer.
Asymptomatic Case of Cervical Vagal Schwannoma
Authors: Sonone Jayant Krishna , Nagpure Prakash S , Puttewar Manish P , Chavan Sushil , Garg Deepika 
Published: August 2018

AbstractSchwannomas are benign, slow-growing, and encapsulated tumors deriving from the perineural cells located in the nerve sheath. They can arise from any peripheral, cranial, or autonomic nerves and show a predilection for the head and neck region. Extracranial head and neck schwannomas are rare tumors. They may produce secondary symptoms such as nasal obstruction, dysphagia, and hoarseness of voice depending on the location of the tumor. The preoperative diagnosis is difficult. Although preoperative imaging or fine needle aspiration cytology may help to reveal diagnosis, they are inadequate. The definitive diagnosis is made by histopathological examinations.
Interethnic Differences in Single and Haplotype Structures of Folylpolyglutamate Synthase and Gamma-glutamyl Hydrolase Variants and Their Influence on Disease Susceptibility to Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in the Indian Population: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Kodidela Sunitha , Pradhan Suresh Chandra , Dubashi Biswajit , Basu Debdatta 
Published: August 2018

AbstractAim: We aim to establish the genotype and haplotype frequencies of folylpolyglutamate synthase (FPGS rs10106 and rs1544105) and gamma-glutamyl hydrolase (GGH rs3758149 and rs11545078) variants in the South Indian population (SI) and to study the association of these variants with susceptibility to acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). We also aim to compare the genotype and haplotype frequencies of studied variants with those of superpopulations from the 1000 Genomes Project collected in phase-3 and other published studies in the literature. Materials and Methods: A total of 220 unrelated healthy volunteers and 151 patients with ALL of both sexes were recruited for the study. Extracted DNA was subjected to genotyping by allelic discrimination using quantitative real-time-polymerase chain reaction. Genotype details of the studied variants in other ethnicities were obtained from 1000 genomes project Phase 3 data. Haploview software was used to construct haplotypes. Results:: In our study, the frequencies of FPGS rs1006'G' and rs1544105'A' alleles were found to be 37% and 37.2%, respectively, and the frequencies of GGH rs3758149'T' and GGH rs11545078'T' alleles were found to be 29.8% and 16.7%, respectively. Among the studied variants, FPGS rs1544105'AA' genotype carriers were found to be susceptible to the risk of ALL (odds ratio: 2.16; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.15–4.07; P = 0.02). Haplotype structures of FPGS and GGH variants in SI population were significantly different from other ethnicities (P < 0.05), except the South Asian superpopulation. Conclusion: FPGS rs1544105'AA' genotype was found to influence the risk for ALL. Intra and interethnic differences exist in the distribution of studied variants. Therefore, the impact of each variant on the susceptibility and outcome of diseases may differ between populations.
Trends of Oral Cancer with Regard to Age, Gender, and Subsite Over 16 Years at a Tertiary Cancer Center in India
Authors: Malik Akshat , Mishra Aseem , Garg Apurva , Shetty Rathan , Mair Manish , Chakrabarti Swagnik , Nair Deepa , Balasubramaniam Gantesh , Chaturvedi Pankaj 
Published: August 2018

AbstractIntroduction: Oral cancers are among the most common cancers in the Indian subcontinent and tobacco is the most common implicated etiologic agent for these cancers. Over last two decades, significant changes have occurred in the lifestyle of people in the subcontinent. Antitobacco legislations have made developed and awareness about the harmful effects of tobacco and related products have increased. We hypothesized that this would lead to change in tobacco use pattern and hence impact the trends of oral cancer in India. Methodology: We analyzed the hospital records of patients having buccal mucosa and tongue cancers at a tertiary care cancer center. We noted the trends of patients presenting with these cancers 4 yearly, over a period of 16 years and in this way tried to assess the impact of legislation and awareness activities upon cancer incidence and trends. Results:: This study has shown that the number of patients presenting with tongue and buccal mucosa cancers has not decreased over the years. Increase in buccal mucosa cancers is marginally more than that of the tongue cancer. Proportion of males with respect to females presenting with these cancers has increased. There has been no significant decline in the younger patients presenting with these cancers. Common age of presentation of tongue cancers has come down. Conclusion: The findings of this study highlight the ineffectiveness of current laws and awareness programs in reducing the menace of oral cancer.
Size-resolved mixing state of black carbon in the Canadian high Arctic and implications for simulated direct radiative effect
Authors: Kodros John K. , Hanna Sarah J. , Bertram Allan K. , Leaitch W. Richard , Schulz Hannes , Herber Andreas B. , Zanatta Marco , Burkart Julia , Willis Megan D. , Abbatt Jonathan P. D. , Pierce Jeffrey R. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract. Transport of anthropogenic aerosol into the Arctic in the spring
months has the potential to affect regional climate; however, modeling
estimates of the aerosol direct radiative effect (DRE) are sensitive to
uncertainties in the mixing state of black carbon (BC). A common approach in
previous modeling studies is to assume an entirely external mixture (all
primarily scattering species are in separate particles from BC) or internal
mixture (all primarily scattering species are mixed in the same particles as
BC). To provide constraints on the size-resolved mixing state of BC, we use
airborne single-particle soot photometer (SP2) and ultrahigh-sensitivity
aerosol spectrometer (UHSAS) measurements from the Alfred Wegener Institute
(AWI) Polar 6 flights from the NETCARE/PAMARCMIP2015 campaign to estimate
coating thickness as a function of refractory BC (rBC) core diameter and
the fraction of particles containing rBC in the springtime Canadian high
Arctic. For rBC core diameters in the range of 140 to 220 nm, we find
average coating thicknesses of approximately 45 to 40 nm, respectively,
resulting in ratios of total particle diameter to rBC core diameters ranging
from 1.6 to 1.4. For total particle diameters ranging from 175 to 730 nm,
rBC-containing particle number fractions range from 16 % to 3 %,
respectively. We combine the observed mixing-state constraints with simulated
size-resolved aerosol mass and number distributions from GEOS-Chem–TOMAS to
estimate the DRE with observed bounds on mixing state as opposed to assuming
an entirely external or internal mixture. We find that the pan-Arctic average
springtime DRE ranges from −1.65 to −1.34 W m−2 when assuming
entirely externally or internally mixed BC. This range in DRE is reduced by
over a factor of 2 (−1.59 to −1.45 W m−2) when using the
observed mixing-state constraints. The difference in DRE between the two
observed mixing-state constraints is due to an underestimation of BC mass
fraction in the springtime Arctic in GEOS-Chem–TOMAS compared to Polar 6
observations. Measurements of mixing state provide important constraints for
model estimates of DRE.