bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study of wavefront aberrations on the corneal anterior surface and related factors in patients after corneal refractive surgery
Authors: Wu Cheng-Zhe , Cui Xun , Li Zheng-Ri , Cui Hong , Jin Hua , Li Cheng-Lin , Jin Hai-Yan , Li Yingjun 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Background

To investigate the characteristics and distribution of anterior and posterior surface wavefront aberrations in patients suitable for corneal refractive surgery.

Methods

Sixty myopic patients (120 eyes, 14-46 years old) who underwent corneal refractive surgery were randomly selected by the Pentacam anterior segment analysis system with a spherical equivalent (SE) of -1.50 to -12.00 D. The corneal anterior and posterior aberrations (higher-order aberration, HOA; spherical aberration, SA; Coma; Trefoil) and Q and K values were detected, and a correlation analysis of the relevant parameters was carried out.

Results

The root mean square (RMS) values from 3 to 6 (RMS 3 to 6) of the whole eye higher-order wave surface aberrations at a 6.0 mm pupil diameter showed a decreasing trend in patients with corneal refractive surgery, and an RMS value of 3 accounted for 62.92% of the total HOAs. The coma ratio increased with increasing diopter, while the spherical aberration ratio was not changed. In addition, the spherical aberration was 0.203 ± 0.082 μm (range: 0.061 to 0.503 μm), and the Q30 was -0.19 ± 0.03 (range: -0.58 to 0.31), which showed a normal distribution. There were significant differences in coma aberrations (3, 1) in the low, middle and high myopia groups (P=0.013). The spherical equivalent was positively correlated with corneal coma (R = -0.241, P = 0.009), and the Q value was positively correlated with total higher-order as well as spherical aberrations (R = 0.326, P <0.001; R = 0.675, P <0.001).

Conclusions

Individual wavefront aberrations on the anterior and posterior surfaces of the cornea are comparatively different, and the Zernike coefficients are related to the degree of myopia. Spherical aberrations are the most overriding aberrations of the cornea.
Solitary Fibrofolliculoma of the Upper Eyelid in a 68-year Old Female: A Case Report
Authors: Wang Wenqiu , Cheng Jinwei 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Background

Fibrofolliculoma is a benign, perifollicular, connective tissue tumor, which is a clinically asymptomatic, 2-4 mm, skin-colored, dome-shaped smooth papule. It usually arises in the form of multiple lesions, and very rarely presents as a solitary lesion.

Case presentation

A 68-year-old female presented with an asymptomatic, flesh-colored mass on the right upper eyelid. The 5×5×4 mm lesion was located near upper lid margin. It was a skin-colored, dome-shaped, smooth nodule, with eyelashes on the surface, rubbery to palpation and not painful. The lesion was excised completely, and the diagnosis of fibrofolliculoma was confirmed through a histological exam.

Conclusions

Solitary fibrofolliculomas is rarely arising in the eyelid. However, it should be suspected when a localized mass lesion of the eyelid is encountered.
INTERACTION BETWEEN DATA COLLECTION AND ESTIMATION PHASES IN SURVEYS WITH NONRESPONSE
Authors: Särndal Carl-Erik , Traat Imbi , Lumiste Kaur 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Inference in surveys with nonresponse has been studied extensively in the literature with a focus on the estimation phase. Propensity weighting and calibrated weighting are among the adjustment methods used to reduce the nonresponse bias. The data collection phase has come into focus more recently; the literature on adaptive survey design emphasizes representativeness and degree of balance as desirable properties of the response obtained from a probability sample. We take an integrated view where data collection and estimation are considered together. For a chosen auxiliary vector, we define the concepts incidence and inverse incidence and show their properties and relationship. As we show, incidences are used in balancing the response in data collection; the inverse incidences are important for weighting adjustment in the estimation.
MODIFIED RECURSIVE BAYESIAN ALGORITHM FOR ESTIMATING TIME-VARYING PARAMETERS IN DYNAMIC LINEAR MODELS
Authors: Olawale Awe O. , Adedayo Adepoju A. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractEstimation in Dynamic Linear Models (DLMs) with Fixed Parameters (FPs) has been faced with considerable limitations due to its inability to capture the dynamics of most time-varying phenomena in econometric studies. An attempt to address this limitation resulted in the use of Recursive Bayesian Algorithms (RBAs) which is also affected by increased computational problems in estimating the Evolution Variance (EV) of the time-varying parameters. In this paper, we propose a modified RBA for estimating TVPs in DLMs with reduced computational challenges.
ON A SURPRISING RESULT OF TWO-CANDIDATE ELECTION FORECAST BASED ON THE FIRST LEADERSHIP TIME
Authors: Stepniak Czeslaw 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
This is a simple but provocative note. Consider an election with two candidates and suppose that candidate A was the leader until counting n votes. How to use this information in predicting the final results of the election? According to the common belief the final number of votes for the leader should be a strictly increasing function of n. Assuming the votes are counted in random order we derive the Maximum Likelihood predictor of the final number of votes for the future winner and loser based on the first leadership time. It appears that this time has little effect on the predicting.
THE ROLE OF BREASTFEEDING VIS-À-VIS CONTRACEPTIVE USE ON BIRTH SPACING IN INDIA: A REGIONAL ANALYSIS
Authors: Dwivedi Laxmi Kant 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Birth spacing is one of the important aspects of reproductive health. Therefore, it is felt by demographers that birth spacing needs to be studied from time to time in view of the epidemiological transition taking place worldwide. Using the third round of National Family Health Survey-3 data, the central hypothesis of this paper is to find out the relative advantages of breastfeeding over other methods of contraception among non-sterilized women by using simulative approach of the Cox regression analysis in India and its regions. The results show that if women were not having amenorrhea period and had a high level of breastfeeding, the chance of not having next live birth was only two percent lower than those women who were using spacing methods in India. This pattern was found to be almost similar in all the regions of India except central and southern regions. There is no significant gain in postponing the next live birth has been observed in using the contraceptives than breastfeeding. An effort has also been made to apprise the policymakers of the interrelation between breastfeeding, postpartum amenorrhea, contraceptive use and birth spacing. Nonetheless, policymakers should promote programs that encourage both breastfeeding and contraceptive use. Breastfeeding has direct benefits for infant health in addition to its role in lengthening birth intervals beyond postpartum amenorrhea.
SPATIAL MEASURES OF DEVELOPMENT IN EVALUATING THE DEMOGRAPHIC POTENTIAL OF POLISH COUNTIES
Authors: Majdzilska Anna 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe study presents a demographic potential-based typology of Polish counties created using the spatial measures of development (available in the literature and proposed by the author). The typology reveals the location of Polish areas (regions) with the highest and lowest demographic potential.The analysis was performed on data sourced from the publications of the Central Statistical Office (GUS) on the age structure and selected developments in the natural movement and migrations in counties in the years 2005 and 2016.
CHANNEL PERFORMANCE UNDER VENDOR MANAGED CONSIGNMENT INVENTORY CONTRACT WITH ADDITIVE STOCHASTIC DEMAND
Authors: Bieniek Milena 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Consignment as the shifting of the inventory ownership to a supplier is widely implemented in virtual market. In this form of business arrangement the supplier places goods at a retailer’s location without receiving payment, until the goods are sold. We consider a single period supply chain model, where the supplier contracts with the retailer with some probability of return. Market demand is additive, linearly price– dependent and uncertain. We focus on vendor managed consignment inventory (VMCI) channel, in which the supplier decides the consignment price and his service level and the retailer chooses the retail price. We study channel performance under VMCI setting by analysing how the model parameters influence decision quantities, channel profit and risk function. We also illustrate the obtained results by a numerical example, which explains the overall solutions well.
Nitrogen Requirements of Ethiopian Mustard for Biofuel Feedstock in South Dakota
Authors: Alberti Phillip , Osborne Shannon , Mathew Febina , Ali Shakaut , Sieverding Heidi , Kumar Sandeep , Nleya Thandiwe 
Published: March 2019

Core Ideas
Brassica carinata is a new crop in the Northern Great Plains.
Best management practices including N fertilizer recommendations should be developed.
Seed yield and oil yield were optimized at 84 kg ha–1 of applied N fertilizer.
Seed oil concentration decreased linearly at a rate of 0.26 g kg–1 for every 1 kg ha–1 increase in N rate.
Economic optimum N rate varied from 60 to 81 kg N ha–1.
ABSTRACTEthiopian mustard (Brassica carinata A. Braun) is a non‐food oilseed crop that has received attention for its potential as a low‐input biofuel feedstock suitable for production in the semiarid regions of the Northern Great Plains (NGP). Because B. carinata is a new crop to the NGP, the best management practices have yet to be developed. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effects of N fertilizer rate on seed yield, seed oil concentration, and oil yield of B. carinata and to determine the economic optimum N fertilizer rates. Field studies were conducted at two locations in South Dakota to evaluate the response of two B. carinata varieties to five N fertilizer rates (0, 28, 56, 84, and 140 kg N ha−1) during the 2015 and 2016 growing seasons. Increasing N fertilizer rate increased seed yield and oil yield, each reaching a peak at 84 kg ha−1 N and then slowly decreasing following a quadratic model. On the other hand, increasing N rate linearly decreased seed oil concentration. The economic optimum N rate ranged from 60 to 81 kg N ha−1 depending on cost of N fertilizer and the price of carinata seed. These results show that the N requirement for B. carinata is lower than that for many crops grown in the NGP, including corn and small grains. These findings confirm that B. carinata requires low N fertility and has the potential for incorporation into cropping systems in the semiarid regions of the NGP.
Tiller Initiation and its Effects on Yield and Yield Components in Winter Wheat
Authors: Tilley M. Scott , Heiniger Ronnie W. , Crozier Carl R. 
Published: March 2019

Core Ideas
A marking technique was used to monitor leaf and tiller development.
The earlier a tiller is formed the more kernels it produces.
Seeding rate influences tiller initiation and productivity.
ABSTRACTVegetative growth in the form of tillers is crucial to final yield in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). To understand the impact management practices have on tiller initiation, a study was conducted using two seeding rates (1.9 × 106 vs. 6.8 × 106 ha−1) and two N timing applications (single vs. split). Tillers initiated in the fall made up the majority of spikes compared to tillers initiated from 1 January to the start of jointing (GS 30). Tillers initiated in March at either seeding rate produced very few kernels spike–1, low kernel weight, and contributed little to yield. At the high seeding rate, tillers initiated prior to 1 January were responsible for more than 87% of the grain yield. Tillers produced in January– February produced 5 to 11% of the final yield, while tillers produced in March contributed less than 2%. In contrast, at the low seeding rate tillers produced in January–February made up 20 to almost 60% of the final yield. Overall, this study shows the timing and rate of leaf initiation impacts yield and yield components. Earlier tillers have an advantage in that they have shorter periods of leaf development that result in more leaf area which in turn supports more kernel spike–1 and heavier kernels, thus more grain weight per spike. Timing of N (single vs. split) application resulted in no significant impact on tiller development, spike number, kernel number, kernel weight, or grain yield.
The Charosphere Promotes Mineralization of 13C‐Phenanthrene by Psychrotrophic Microorganisms in Greenland Soils
Authors: Karppinen Erin M. , Mamet Steven D. , Stewart Katherine J. , Siciliano Steven D. 
Published: March 2019

When soil is frozen, biochar promotes petroleum hydrocarbon (PHC) degradation, yet we still do not understand why. To investigate microbial biodegradation activity under frozen conditions, we placed 60‐μm mesh bags containing 6% (v/v) biochar created from fishmeal, bonemeal, bone chip, or wood into PHC‐contaminated soil, which was then frozen to −5°C. This created three soil niches: biochar particles, the charosphere (biochar‐contiguous soil), and bulk soil outside of the bags. After 90 d, 13C‐phenanthrene mineralization reached 55% in bonemeal biochar and 84% in bone chip biochar charosphere soil, compared with only 43% in bulk soil and 13% in bone chip biochar particles. Soil pH remained near neutral in bone chip and bonemeal biochar treatments, unlike wood biochar, which increased alkalinity and likely made phosphate unavailable for microorganisms. Generally, charosphere soil had higher aromatic degradative gene abundances than bulk soil, but gene abundance was not directly linked to 13C‐phenanthrene mineralization. In bone chip biochar‐amended soils, phosphate successfully predicted microbial community composition, and abundances of Bosea and Caulobacter increased in charosphere soil. Biochar effects on charosphere soil were dependent on feedstock material and suggest that optimizing the charosphere in bone‐derived biochars may increase remediation success in northern regions.Core Ideas
13C‐phenanthrene was mineralized in the charosphere of bone chip biochar particles.
pH and nutrient availability were dependent on biochar type and sampling location.
Biochar effects are localized in specific spatial niches of the soil.
Interpretacja dogmatów
Authors: Góźdź Krzysztof 
Published: March 2019

Dogmat nie jest „suchym” twierdzeniem, formułą, która naweti „straszy”, lecz jest wyrazem żywej wiary Kościoła, która w swejistocie jest niezmienna. Jednak wyraz tej wiary w przepowiadaniui przyjmowaniu (w dogmatach) dotyczy danej epoki historyczneji jej aktualnego ducha rozumienia, stąd konieczna jest ciągle nowainterpretacja tej samej i niezmiennej prawdy wiary w języku teologicznym.Taka interpretacja jest wyrazem żywej Tradycji, przyzachowaniu zasady ciągłości i niesprzeczności wypowiedzi. Podstawąreinterpretacji jest nie tylko podstawowa relacja Tradycji doObjawienia, do Pisma Świętego, ale także sama historyczność wiaryi historyczność dogmatów.Przeprowadzone badania nad kwestią interpretacji dogmatów doprowadziłydo jeszcze jednego zdumiewającego wniosku, że proponowanaprzez Międzynarodową Komisję Teologiczną tzw. interpretacjaaktualizująca, w zasadzie ma miejsce w tym toku myślowym JosephaRatzingera, choć on sam ani słowem nie wymienia nazwy tej interpretacji.Okazuje się, że teksty Ratzingera – mówiące o Tradycji, historiidogmatów, czy o relacji dogmatu do Biblii i do historii – powstałydużo wcześniej niż wspomniany dokument MKT. Już w połowielat 60., znajdujemy je w dziele pod red. K. Rahnera i J. Ratzingera,Offenbarung und Überlieferung. Hans Urs von Balthasar zum 60.Geburtstag, Freiburg 1965, s. 25-69, oraz później: Das Problem derDogmengeschichte in der Sicht der katholischen Theologie, Köln1966; Zur Frage nach der Geschichtlichkeit der Dogmen, w: OttoSemmelroth (red.), Martyria, Leiturgia, Diakonia. Festschrift fürHermann Volk zum 65. Geburtstag, Mainz 1968, s. 59–70. Oznacza to, że Ratzinger w swoich badaniach wyprzedził o kilka lat wspomnianydokument. Nie ujmuje to w niczym doniosłej treści dokumentu natemat interpretacji dogmatów. Cała część dokumentu, poświęcona„interpretacji aktualizującej” znajduje odzwierciedlenie w samodzielnychbadaniach Ratzingera. Zarówno zasady tej interpretacji,trwała wartość formuł dogmatycznych, jak i kryteria tej interpretacji(s. 295-298 dokumentu), są treściowo obecne w tekstach Ratzingera.Z drugiej strony rodzi się pytanie, czy dokument MKT, przygotowywanypod kierunkiem bpa W. Kaspera, nie korzystał z tekstówRatzingera. Nie ma o tym śladu w dokumencie, ale swoistym kanonemtekstów przygotowywanych przez MKT jest nie umieszczanieautorów współczesnych, a powoływanie się niemal wyłącznie nateksty eklezjalne.
Drug Delivery Systems for Diabetes Treatment
Authors: Zaric Bozidarka L. , Obradovic Milan , Sudar-Milovanovic Emina , Nedeljkovic Jovan , Lazic Vesna , Isenovic Esma R. 
Published: March 2019

Background:Insulin is essential for the treatment of Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and is necessary in numerous cases of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Prolonged administration of anti-diabetic therapy is necessary for the maintenance of the normal glucose levels and thereby preventing vascular complications. A better understanding of the disease per se and the technological progress contribute to the development of new approaches with the aim to achieve better glycemic control.Objective:Current therapies for DM are faced with some challenges. The purpose of this review is to analyze in detail the current trends for insulin delivery systems for diabetes treatment.Results:Contemporary ways have been proposed for the management of both types of diabetes by adequate application of drug via subcutaneous, buccal, oral, ocular, nasal, rectal and pulmonary ways. Development of improved oral administration of insulin is beneficial regarding mimicking physiological pathway of insulin and minimizing the discomfort of the patient. Various nanoparticle carriers for oral and other ways of insulin delivery are currently being developed. Engineered specific properties of nanoparticles (NP): controlling toxicity of NP, stability and drug release, can allow delivery of higher concentration of the drug to the desired location.Conclusions:The successful development of any drug delivery system relies on solving three important issues: toxicity of nanoparticles, stability of nanoparticles, and desired drug release rate at targeted sites. The main goals of future investigations are to improve the existing therapies by pharmacokinetic modifications, development of a fully automatized system to mimic insulin delivery by the pancreas and reduce invasiveness during admission.
The Combination of Dimorphandra gardneriana Galactomannan and Mangiferin Inhibits Herpes Simplex and Poliovirus
Authors: Rechenchoski Daniele Z. , Samensari Nayara L. , Faccin-Galhardi Ligia C. , de Almeida Raimundo R. , Cunha Arcelina P. , Ricardo Nágila M.P.S. , Nozawa Carlos , Linhares Rosa E.C. 
Published: March 2019

Background:
Herpes simplex virus (HSV) and poliovirus (PV) are both agents of major
concern in the public health system. It has been shown that Dimorphandra gardneriana galactomannans
can be used as solubilizer vehicles in the manufacturing of medicine. Mangiferin is the major
constituent of Mangifera indica and presents multiple medicinal and biological activities.

Objective:
This study assayed the effect of D. gardneriana galactomannan combined with mangiferin
(DgGmM) against HSV-1 and PV-1.

Methods:
The DgGmM cytotoxicity was evaluated by the colorimetric MTT method and the antiviral
activity by plaque reduction assay, immunofluorescence and polymerase chain reaction (PCR), in
HEp-2 cells.

Results:
The DgGmM showed a 50% cytotoxic concentration (CC50) > 2000 µg/mL. The 50% inhibitory
concentrations (IC50) for HSV-1 and PV-1 were, respectively, 287.5 µg/mL and 206.2 µg/mL,
with selectivity indexes (SI) > 6.95 for the former and > 9.69 for the latter. The DgGmM time-ofaddition
protocol for HSV-1 showed a maximum inhibition at 500 µg/mL, when added concomitantly
to infection and at the time 1 h post-infection (pi). While for PV-1, for the same protocol, the greatest
inhibition, was also observed concomitantly to infection at 500 μg/mL and at the times 4 h and 8 h pi.
The inhibition was also demonstrated by the decrease of fluorescent cells and/or the inhibition of specific
viral genome.

Conclusion:
These results suggested that the DgGmM inhibited HSV-1 and PV-1 replication, with low
cytotoxicity and high selectivity and, therefore, represents a potential candidate for further studies on
the control of herpes and polio infections.
Synthesis, Biological Evaluation and Molecular Dynamics Simulation Studies of Novel Diphenyl Ethers
Authors: Khade Amol B. , Kar Sidhartha S. , Alummoottil Cinu T. , Tiwari Ashutosh , Tiwari Mradul , Eshwara Vandana K. , Bhat Pritesh , Giliyar Varadaraj B. , Shenoy Gurupur G. 
Published: March 2019

Background:
The well-known antibacterial agent Triclosan (TCL) that targets bacterial
enoylacyl protein reductase has been described to inhibit human fatty acid synthase (FASN) via
the enoylacyl reductase domain. A Literature survey indicates that TCL is selectively toxic to cancer
cells and furthermore might indeed reduce cancer incidence in vivo. A recent study found that
TCL inhibits FASN by acting as an allosteric protein-protein interface (PPI) inhibitor. It induces
dimer orientation changes that effect in a downstream reorientation of catalytic residues in the
NADPH binding site proposing TCL as a viable scaffold to design a superior molecule that might
have more inhibitory potential. This unveils tons of potential interaction space to take advantage of
future inhibitor design.

Objective:
Synthesis of TCL mimicking novel diphenyl ether derivatives, biological evaluation as
potential antiproliferative agents and molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation studies.

Methods:
A series of novel N-(1-(3-hydroxy-4-phenoxyphenyl)-3-oxo-3-phenylpropyl)acetamides
(3a-n) and N-(3(3-hydroxy-4phenoxyphenyl)-3-oxo-1-phenylpropyl) acetamides (6a-n) were designed,
synthesized, characterized and evaluated against HepG2, A-549, MCF-7 and Vero cell
lines. The induction of antiproliferative activity of selected compounds (3d and 6c) was done by
AO/EB (acridine orange/ethidium bromide) nuclear staining method, DNA fragmentation study,
and cell cycle analysis was performed by flow cytometry. Molecular docking and dynamics simulation
study was also performed.

Results:
Among the tested compounds, compound 3d was most active (IC50 13.76 ± 0.43 µM)
against A-549 cell line. Compounds 3d and 3g were found to be moderately active with IC50
30.56 ± 1.1 µM and 25.05 ± 0.8 µM respectively against MCF-7 cell line. Morphological analysis
of A-549 cells treated with 3d and 6c clearly demonstrated the reduction of cell viability and induction
of apoptosis. DNA fragmentation was observed as a characteristic of apoptosis in treated
cells. Further, cell cycle analysis by flow cytometry confirmed that compounds 3d and 6c significantly
arrested the cell cycle at the G0/G1 phase. Molecular docking study demonstrated that these
compounds exhibit high affinity for the human fatty acid synthase (hFASN) target. Molecular dynamics
simulation study of the most active compound 3d was performed for calculating binding
free energies using Molecular Mechanics–Generalized Born Surface Area (MM/GBSA).

Conclusion:
Compound 3d (IC50 13.76 ± 0.43 µM) has been identified as a potential lead molecule
for anticancer activity against A-549 cells followed by 3l, 6c, and 3g. Thus, the design of
diphenyl ether derivatives with enhanced affinity to the binding site of hER may lead to the discovery
of potential anticancer agents.