bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Explaining the determinants of cessation or reduction of hookah (waterpipe) consumption among southern Iranian women: A qualitative study
Authors: Dadipoor Sakineh , Kok Gerjo , Aghamolaei Teamur , Ghaffari Mohtasham , Heyrani Ali , Ghanbarnezhad Amin 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Background: The consumption of hookah is rising around the world, especially among women, due to social acceptance and a positive attitude. It is also necessary and inevitable to identify the factors that lead to a decrease in this upward trend. The present study aims to explain the determinants of cessation or reduction of hookah consumption among southern Iranian women in Bandar Abbas.
Method: This qualitative study was carried out with a content analysis approach, between 2018 and 2019. In total, 36 in-depth, semi-structured interviews were conducted with experienced individuals (15 women with successful cessation, 21 women with unsuccessful cessation) with maximum variation in age, education, and occupation, from different geographical areas of the city. Thematic analysis was used for data analysis, and MAXqda software version 10 was used for data management.
Results: In total, six main categories were extracted, including incentive backgrounds, the need for liberation, control of external stimuli, religious norms, self-efficacy, and political factors.
Conclusions: The results showed that many external facilitators affect the decision to quit or reduce the use of hookah. Providing the necessary conditions and factors to increase the encouraging factors and perceived threats, spiritual support and high self-efficacy can be effective in the successful cessation or reduction of hookah consumption.
Keywords: Hookah, Smoking cessation, Qualitative research, Smoking, Southern Iran, Woman
What do young doctors know of Palliative Care; how do they expect the concept to work?
Authors: Fernando GVM Chamath , Prathapan Shamini 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Objectives

Discipline of palliative care is still evolving in developed parts of the world while it remains at an infantile stage in Sri Lanka which has not been formally assessed as of today. We aimed at evaluating the level of palliative care knowledge and opinions among young medical graduates. A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out among pre-residency medical graduates of Sri Lanka through a social media based on-line survey. The pre-tested questionnaire assessed the level of knowledge on general principles, service organization, clinical management and ethical considerations while it also evaluated their opinions.

Results

Response rate was 35.8% (n=351). The average score among the respondents was 37.25% (standard deviation (SD) = 11.975). Specific knowledge on “general principles” was adequate (score>=50%) with an average of 62.61%, SD=24.5 while “ethics” was observed to be the area with poorest knowledge (average score=19.55%, SD=22). Average scores for “service organization” and “managerial aspects” were 34.54%, SD=17.6 and 32.26%, SD=22.3 respectively. The majority (>90%) believed that de-novo establishment of hospice, hospital and community-based palliative services would sustainably improve holistic patient care. Measures must be taken to optimize basic palliative care knowledge among the undergraduates in view of achieving Universal Health Coverage in the long term.
Performance of provitamin A- quality protein maize inbred lines and derived hybrids in contrasting environments
Authors: Obeng-Bio Ebenezer , Badu-Apraku Baffour , Ifie Beatrice Elohor , Danquah Agyemang , Blay Essie , Talabi Abidemi Olutayo , Dadzie Mustapha Abu , Tchala Noudifoulè 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Background
Early maturing provitamin A (PVA) quality protein maize (QPM) inbred lines with tolerance to drought and low-N are needed to develop superior hybrids in West and Central Africa (WCA). This study aimed to (i) identify inbred lines that combined drought and low-N tolerance with increased levels of PVA and tryptophan and (ii) assess the relationship among PVA carotenoids, tryptophan and grain yield. Sixty-four inbred lines plus six inbred checks were evaluated under induced drought, low-N and optimal conditions in 2016 and 2017 in Nigeria. The inbred lines were assayed for PVA and tryptophan contents.
Results
Thirty-three of the lines were found to be tolerant to drought and low-N. Ninety percent of the inbred lines had tryptophan contents > 0.075 % per sample in whole grain substantiating the presence of the QPM trait in the inbred lines. Inbred lines TZEIORQ 55 and TZEIORQ 29 combined high PVA contents (15.38 and 12.10μg g-1, respectively) with low-N tolerance while nine inbred lines combined moderate PVA levels (5.06 – 8.34μg g-1) with drought and low-N tolerance.
Conclusions
These maize inbred lines could be utilized to develop superior drought and low-N tolerant hybrids and synthetics with elevated levels of PVA and tryptophan for WCA. The correlations observed among grain yield, PVA and tryptophan of the lines were not significant suggesting that these traits could be improved independently.
Profiling Clinical Characteristics and Treatment Patterns Among Non-Valvular Atrial Fibrillation Patients: A Real-World Analysis in Dubai, United Arab Emirates
Authors: El Kadri Moutaz , Bazargani Nooshin , Farghaly Mohamed , Mohamed Rauf , Awad Nancy , Natarajan Ashok , Pathak Prathamesh , Ghorab Ahmed , El Kakoun Nader , Savone Mirko , Kherraf Sid Ahmed , Mardekian Jack , Di Fusco Manuela 
Published: June 2019

Background:
There is a dearth of real-world evidence regarding patient characteristics, Oral Anti-Coagulant (OAC) treatment, and International Normalized Ratio (INR) patterns in Dubai, United Arab Emirates (UAE).

Methods:
This was a retrospective observational study among newly diagnosed adult Non-valvular Atrial Fibrillation (NVAF) patients in the Dubai Real World Claims Database. Selected patients had at least one activity claim during the 12 months pre-index date (baseline period), and a pharmacy claim for apixaban, dabigatran, rivaroxaban, or warfarin from 01 JAN 2015-31 JUL 2017. Patients with valvular heart disease, cardiac surgery, venous thromboembolism, transient atrial fibrillation, pregnancy, or OAC claims during baseline were excluded. Comorbidities and treatment patterns related to OAC use, index dosing, baseline medications, and INR patterns were described.

Results:
Among 5,072 NVAF patients, 468 met the study criteria. A minority of them (14.3%) were prescribed warfarin, and the most frequently prescribed non-vitamin K antagonist OACs (NOACs) were rivaroxaban (33.3%) and apixaban (31.4%), followed by dabigatran (20.9%). Patients’ mean age was 59 years and mean CHA2DS2-VASc score was 2.3, with most frequent comorbidities of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, coronary artery disease, and peripheral vascular disease. Additionally, 51% and 33% were on statins and aspirin, respectively, while 39% were on other anticoagulant agents. A large proportion of dabigatran patients were on a lower dose (57%). INR patterns revealed 13% of rivaroxaban, 12% of apixaban, and 7% of dabigatran patients had INR claims.

Conclusion:
This study provides relevant insights into the use of OACs in real-world clinical practice settings in Dubai, UAE.
Application of Calophyllum Inophyllum Seed Husk as a Low-cost Biosorbent for Efficient Removal of Heavy Metals from Wastewater for a Safer Environment
Authors: Adenuga Adeniyi A. , Oyekunle John Adekunle O. , Amos Olufemi D. 
Published: June 2019

Background:
Effective treatment of wastewaters for potentially toxic metals
especially at affordable cost is critical to the well-being of man and the environment.

Objective:
This study optimized the conditions for the application of Calophyllum inophyllum
seed husk as biosorbent for simultaneous removal of heavy metals from aqueous
solutions and investigated the removal efficiencies of the biosorbent for Pb2+ and
Cd2+ in wastewater samples.

Methods:
The dependence of the adsorption process on pH, adsorbent dosage, temperature,
initial metal ions concentration, and contact time was evaluated in a batch system by
determining the degree of adsorption of Pb2+ and Cd2+ in simulated industrial wastewater
before application of the biosorbent for metals cleanup in industrial and domestic
wastewater samples.

Results:
The results showed that charring and microwave irradiation of the biosorbent
produced the best performance. The pH of the aqueous solution played a crucial role in
the performance of the biosorbent. Optimum adsorption for both metals occurred within
the first 60 minutes of the process at pH value around 9. Kinetic studies of the process
gave good correlation coefficients for a pseudo-second order kinetic model with adsorption
data that fitted well into the Freundlich and Langmuir models but with Freundlich
isotherm displaying better fitness. The adsorption capacities of the biosorbent were 42.19
and 22.47 mg/g for Pb2+ and Cd2+, respectively.

Conclusion:
The study concluded that the good adsorption capacities of Calophyllum
inophyllum seed husk for the metals is an indications of its considerable potential as a
low-cost biosorbent for simultaneous removal of potentially toxic metals from
wastewaters.
O Estágio Curricular Supervisionado como Lócus Central da Profissionalização do Ensino
Authors: Souza Neto Samuel de , Cyrino Marina , Borges Cecília 
Published: June 2019

O presente artigo focaliza a formação inicial de professores e o movimento de profissionalização do ensino, tendo como objeto central de investigação o estágio curricular. Elencam-se duas questões de estudo para discussão: 1) Como a questão do estágio curricular supervisionado tem se manifestado na formação inicial de professores?; 2) As reformas propostas no âmbito da formação inicial docente a nível internacional e brasileiro, especificamente do estágio curricular, tomam a profissionalização como pressuposto? Inicialmente são apresentados aspectos conceituais sobre o processo de profissionalização do ensino. Em seguida, fazemos uma breve trajetória sobre como a formação docente foi compreendida e concebida no âmbito da prática. Posteriormente, exploramos alguns exemplos do Brasil, França e Canadá. Nas análises realizadas, observamos que, a partir do processo de profissionalização, a universidade e as instituições de ensino superior assumem a formação inicial de professores, tendo que se estruturar e se organizar para atender suas demandas específicas, assumindo elementos da proposta do modelo profissional de formação.
Palavras-chave: Formação de professores; Estágio curricular supervisionado; Profissionalização
Accuracy of 12 Wearable Devices for Estimating Physical Activity Energy Expenditure Using a Metabolic Chamber and the Doubly Labeled Water Method: Validation Study
Authors: Murakami Haruka , Kawakami Ryoko , Nakae Satoshi , Yamada Yosuke , Nakata Yoshio , Ohkawara Kazunori , Sasai Hiroyuki , Ishikawa-Takata Kazuko , Tanaka Shigeho , Miyachi Motohiko 
Published: June 2019

Background
Self-monitoring using certain types of pedometers and accelerometers has been reported to be effective for promoting and maintaining physical activity (PA). However, the validity of estimating the level of PA or PA energy expenditure (PAEE) for general consumers using wearable devices has not been sufficiently established.

Objective
We examined the validity of 12 wearable devices for determining PAEE during 1 standardized day in a metabolic chamber and 15 free-living days using the doubly labeled water (DLW) method.

Methods
A total of 19 healthy adults aged 21 to 50 years (9 men and 10 women) participated in this study. They followed a standardized PA protocol in a metabolic chamber for an entire day while simultaneously wearing 12 wearable devices: 5 devices on the waist, 5 on the wrist, and 2 placed in the pocket. In addition, they spent their daily lives wearing 12 wearable devices under free-living conditions while being subjected to the DLW method for 15 days. The PAEE criterion was calculated by subtracting the basal metabolic rate measured by the metabolic chamber and 0.1×total energy expenditure (TEE) from TEE. The TEE was obtained by the metabolic chamber and DLW methods. The PAEE values of wearable devices were also extracted or calculated from each mobile phone app or website. The Dunnett test and Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficients were used to examine the variables estimated by wearable devices.

Results
On the standardized day, the PAEE estimated using the metabolic chamber (PAEEcha) was 528.8±149.4 kcal/day. The PAEEs of all devices except the TANITA AM-160 (513.8±135.0 kcal/day; P>.05), SUZUKEN Lifecorder EX (519.3±89.3 kcal/day; P>.05), and Panasonic Actimarker (545.9±141.7 kcal/day; P>.05) were significantly different from the PAEEcha. None of the devices was correlated with PAEEcha according to both Pearson (r=−.13 to .37) and Spearman (ρ=−.25 to .46) correlation tests. During the 15 free-living days, the PAEE estimated by DLW (PAEEdlw) was 728.0±162.7 kcal/day. PAEE values of all devices except the Omron Active style Pro (716.2±159.0 kcal/day; P>.05) and Omron CaloriScan (707.5±172.7 kcal/day; P>.05) were significantly underestimated. Only 2 devices, the Omron Active style Pro (r=.46; P=.045) and Panasonic Actimarker (r=.48; P=.04), had significant positive correlations with PAEEdlw according to Pearson tests. In addition, 3 devices, the TANITA AM-160 (ρ=.50; P=.03), Omron CaloriScan (ρ=.48; P=.04), and Omron Active style Pro (ρ=.48; P=.04), could be ranked in PAEEdlw.

Conclusions
Most wearable devices do not provide comparable PAEE estimates when using gold standard methods during 1 standardized day or 15 free-living days. Continuous development and evaluations of these wearable devices are needed for better estimations of PAEE.
What Do Patients Complain About Online: A Systematic Review and Taxonomy Framework Based on Patient Centeredness
Authors: Liu Jing , Hou Shengchao , Evans Richard , Xia Chenxi , Xia Weidong , Ma Jingdong 
Published: June 2019

Background
Complaints made online by patients about their health care experiences are becoming prevalent because of widespread worldwide internet connectivity. An a priori framework, based on patient centeredness, may be useful in identifying the types of issues patients complain about online across multiple settings. It may also assist in examining whether the determinants of patient-centered care (PCC) mirror the determinants of patient experiences.

Objective
The objective of our study was to develop a taxonomy framework for patient complaints online based on patient centeredness and to examine whether the determinants of PCC mirror the determinants of patient experiences.

Methods
First, the best fit framework synthesis technique was applied to develop the proposed a priori framework. Second, electronic databases, including Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed, were searched for articles published between 2000 and June 2018. Studies were only included if they collected primary quantitative data on patients’ online complaints. Third, a deductive and inductive thematic analysis approach was adopted to code the themes of recognized complaints into the framework.

Results
In total, 17 studies from 5 countries were included in this study. Patient complaint online taxonomies and theme terms varied. According to our framework, patients expressed most dissatisfaction with patient-centered processes (101,586/204,363, 49.71%), followed by prerequisites (appropriate skills and knowledge of physicians; 50,563, 24.74%) and the care environment (48,563/204,363, 23.76%). The least dissatisfied theme was expected outcomes (3651/204,363, 1.79%). People expressed little dissatisfaction with expanded PCC dimensions, such as involvement of family and friends (591/204,363, 0.29%). Variation in the concerns across different countries’ patients were also observed.

Conclusions
Online complaints made by patients are of major value to health care providers, regulatory bodies, and patients themselves. Our PCC framework can be applied to analyze them under a wide range of conditions, treatments, and countries. This review has shown significant heterogeneity of patients’ online complaints across different countries.
A Decade of Outdoors Experiential Workshops
Authors: Bornais Judy A.K. , Andrews David M. , Cassidy Alice L.E.V. , Wright W. Alan , Monette Marie-Jeanne 
Published: June 2019

Though much literature describes the value of experiential and place-based learning experiences for participants, we have found little comparable literature regarding the facilitator experience. This paper provides current and future facilitators of workshops, especially those that take place outdoors, our reflections and ideas as facilitators, including tips for success. Our findings reinforce the conclusion that experiential learning can be as beneficial and transformative for facilitators as for participants, and that what we encounter during workshops parallels what students may go through in our classrooms as they learn. We identify five clear themes from facilitator reflections and encourage readers to consider leading an outdoor experiential learning sessions.
Keywords: reflection, facilitators; outdoor education; place-based learning; conference pedagogy; educational development

S’il existe beaucoup d’études décrivant la valeur des expériences d’apprentissage expérientiel axé sur la dimension locale, notre examen a révélé peu d’études du genre portant sur l’animateur. Notre article présente des idées, des réflexions et des conseils à l’intention des personnes qui animent ou animeront des ateliers, tout particulièrement des ateliers en plein air, en vue de la réussite de ces activités. Nos conclusions indiquent, premièrement, que l’apprentissage expérientiel peut être bénéfique et peut induire des changements chez l’animateur aussi bien que chez le participant et, deuxièmement, que notre expérience en tant qu’animateurs au cours des ateliers recoupe l’expérience d’apprentissage des étudiants en classe. Nous cernons cinq thèmes issus des réflexions des animateurs et nous encourageons les lecteurs de l’article à envisager la possibilité d’animer des sessions d’apprentissage expérientiel en plein air.
Mots clés : réflexion, animateurs; enseignement en plein air; apprentissage axé sur la dimension locale; pédagogie de conférence; perfectionnement de l’enseignement
School-University Partnerships: A Model for Supporting Transition and Persistence from K-16
Authors: Dishke Hondzel Catharine , Churchley John , Lidster Susan 
Published: June 2019

The reasons why students persist in their post-secondary learning are complex. This paper proposes a model for the development of K-16 partnerships that promote student success through the transition from secondary school to post-secondary, supported by teachers, faculty members, and educational developers. This model proposes that each of the partners engage in developing sustainable, collaborative projects. These projects have at their core a focus on students’ transition from one educational institution to the next, with the intended outcome of increasing rates of persistence, while reducing rates of attrition. Not all students may have post-secondary education as their personal goal, but for those that do, this support model aims to provide a framework to scaffold the transition so that learners are successful, and teachers and faculty are prepared to support learners as they move from one institution to another.

Les raisons qui expliquent pourquoi les étudiants persistent dans leur apprentissage postsecondaire sont complexes. Le présent article propose un modèle pour l’élaboration de partenariats K-16 qui vise à favoriser la réussite étudiante lors de la transition de l’école secondaire à l’éducation postsecondaire avec l’appui d’enseignants, de professeurs et de concepteurs pédagogiques. À la base, ces projets se focalisent sur la transition des étudiants d’un établissement d’éducation vers un autre. Ils visent à faire augmenter le taux de persistance et à faire diminuer le taux d’abandon. L’éducation postsecondaire ne constitue pas forcément un but personnel pour tous les étudiants, mais pour ceux dont c’est l’objectif, le présent modèle vise à fournir un cadre pour structurer la transition et soutenir la réussite des apprenants de même que la préparation des enseignants et des professeurs qui appuieront les étudiants dans leur transition.
Enhancing Undergraduate Student Self-efficacy and Learning with a Community Service learning (CSL) Nutrition Workshop Assignment
Authors: Coletta Giulia , Kamran Rakhshan , Khan Ayesha , Dej Kim , Pritchard Janet M 
Published: June 2019

Community service learning (CSL) activities in undergraduate programs are associated with improvements in self-efficacy (confidence related to performing a specific task) and academic achievement. This study aimed to understand the impact of a CSL assignment on self-efficacy related to teaching community members about evidence-based nutrition and on the overall learning experience. Students were invited to participate in this mixed-methods study (surveys and focus groups), and the results indicate that the CSL activity not only increased students’ self-efficacy related to nutrition science communication, but also gave students a greater feeling of connection to their community and an opportunity to practice skills needed for future careers.

Les activités d’apprentissage par l’engagement communautaire dans les programmes de premier cycle sont liées à une amélioration de l’autoefficacité (la confiance en sa propre capacité d’accomplir une tâche particulière) et du rendement universitaire. La présente étude vise à comprendre l’incidence d’un devoir d’apprentissage par l’engagement communautaire sur l’expérience d’apprentissage dans son ensemble et sur l’autoefficacité au sujet de la nutrition s’appuyant sur des données probantes – par rapport aux membres du corps enseignant. Les étudiants étaient invités à participer à une étude employant des méthodes mixtes (des sondages et des groupes de discussion). Les résultats indiquent que les activités d’apprentissage par l’engagement communautaire augmentent l’autoefficacité en matière de communication de la science de la nutrition. Qui plus est, ces activités donnent aux étudiants un sentiment accru d’appartenance à leur communauté ainsi qu’une occasion de mettre en pratique les compétences requises dans leur future carrière.
Hand Index- A Forensic Tool for Sexual Dimorphism
Authors: Sah Sanjay Kumar , Jeelani Bashir Ahmed 
Published: June 2019

Introduction: Amongst the various parameters of identification, sex is one of the most important elements. Figuring out hand index from measurement of hand dimensions is a convenient way to determine sexual dimorphism. This study aims to find out sexual dimorphism from hand dimensions, obtain cut off points for male and female and check percentage accuracy of sex determination from hand dimensions in Nepalese population. Methods: The data was collected from 400 asymptomatic, healthy working staffs (229 males & 171 females) above 23 years in the department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology of a tertiary care center of Western Nepal. Measurements of hand length and hand breadth were taken using standard instruments and hand index was calculated therefrom.
Results: The mean (+SD) right hand lengths for male and female were found to be 17.87 cm (+0.87) and 16.93cm (+0.58) respectively. The mean (+SD) left hand lengths for male and female were 17.85 cm (+0.86)and 16.97 cm (+0.56)respectively. The average hand breadth for male was 1.00 cm greater for right hand and 0.96 cm greater for left hand as compared to female hand breadth. Differences in length and breadth of hands for both sexes were statistically significant (p<0.001) with no statistically significant difference of hand dimensions in the same sex. Cut off point for right hand index was found to be 42.32 cm and for left hand, 42.30 cm.
Conclusion: Hand dimensions and hand index can be reliably used to determine sex in medicolegal cases, especially where isolated hand is obtained.