bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exposure to air pollutants and subclinical carotid atherosclerosis measured by magnetic resonance imaging: A cross-sectional analysis
Authors: Azab Sandi M. , Doiron Dany , Schulze Karleen M. , Brook Jeffrey R. , Brauer Michael , Smith Eric E. , Moody Alan R. , Desai Dipika , Friedrich Matthias G. , Bangdiwala Shrikant I. , Zeraatkar Dena , Lee Douglas , Dummer Trevor J. B. , Poirier Paul , Tardif Jean-Claude , Teo Koon K. , Lear Scott , Yusuf Salim , Anand Sonia S. , de Souza Russell J. ,   for the Canadian Alliance of Healthy Hearts and Minds (CAHHM) Study Investigators
Published: October 2024

Objectives
Long-term exposure to air pollution has been associated with higher risk of cardiovascular mortality. Less is known about the association of air pollution with initial development of cardiovascular disease. Herein, the association between low-level exposure to air pollutants and subclinical carotid atherosclerosis in adults without known clinical cardiovascular disease was investigated.

Design
Cross-sectional analysis within a prospective cohort study.

Setting
The Canadian Alliance for Healthy Hearts and Minds Cohort Study; a pan-Canadian cohort of cohorts.

Participants
Canadian adults (n = 6645) recruited between 2014–2018 from the provinces of British Columbia, Alberta, Ontario, Quebec, and Nova Scotia, were studied, for whom averages of exposures to nitrogen dioxide (NO2), ozone (O3), and fine particulate matter (PM2.5) were estimated for the years 2008–2012.

Main outcome measure
Carotid vessel wall volume (CWV) measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Results
In adjusted linear mixed models, PM2.5 was not consistently associated with CWV (per 5 μg/m3 PM2.5; adjusted estimate = -8.4 mm3; 95% Confidence Intervals (CI) -23.3 to 6.48; p = 0.27). A 5 ppb higher NO2 concentration was associated with 11.8 mm3 lower CWV (95% CI -16.2 to -7.31; p<0.0001). A 3 ppb increase in O3 was associated with 9.34 mm3 higher CWV (95% CI 4.75 to 13.92; p<0.0001). However, the coarse/insufficient O3 resolution (10 km) is a limitation.

Conclusions
In a cohort of healthy Canadian adults there was no consistent association between PM2.5 or NO2 and increased CWV as a measure of subclinical atherosclerosis by MRI. The reasons for these inconsistent associations warrant further study.
Evaluation of focused antenatal care services quality at University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Central Gondar zone, Northwest Ethiopia
Authors: Tadesse Fenta Tibebu , Atinafu Asmamaw , Addis Banchlay 
Published: October 2024

Background
Antenatal care is the care that women receive during their pregnancy to ensure the health of the mother and her baby. The provision of information on birth preparedness in Ethiopia is still low, which implies identification of pre-existing health conditions that may affect the outcome of pregnancies was not provided. Even if the Focused Antenatal Care service was provided in our setup, maternal death was still high. In addition, as far as our search, the quality of antenatal care service in this facility has not yet been evaluated. As a result, the purpose of this study was to assess the quality of focused antenatal care services at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia.

Methods
A mixed method case study evaluation design was employed at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital from February 29 to March 29, 2020. Quantitative data was collected through exit interviews of 411 mothers who attended antenatal care follow-up and review of 422 clients’ cards 2 months prior to the study period. Similarly, 35 items of resources inventory, 10 direct observations, and 12 key informant interviews were conducted. The data were entered into Epi-Data version 4.6 and exported to SPSS version 25 and it was analysed with the Evaluation judgment matrix analysis method. Qualitative data were transcribed, translated and analysed by using thematic analysis. The evaluation focused on availability, compliance, and satisfaction dimensions with 25 indicators to judge the quality of antenatal care services.

Results
The overall quality of focused antenatal care services was judged as good, based on pre-set judgment criteria (76.7%), to which availability of resources, healthcare provider’s compliance with the national guideline, and maternal satisfaction contributed, 73.3, 77.75, and 78.8%, respectively. Auditory and visual privacy were practiced which enhances patient confidentiality and personal dignity. The waiting area was perceived to be satisfactory by the majority (89%) of ANC clients, but there is no separate waiting area for ANC clients. Ten (10) client/provider interactions were observed, demonstrating that all clients were counseled about pregnancy danger signs.

Conclusion and recommendation
The overall focused antenatal care services quality was relatively good, although the availability of resources was fair. Some essential drugs and medical equipment were out of stock. Therefore, the hospital had better fulfill crucial medicines and equipment for better service quality.
Evaluation of simplified wireless EEG recordings in the neurological emergency room
Authors: Welte Tamara M. , Janner Felix , Lindner Sara , Gollwitzer Stephanie , Stritzelberger Jenny , Lang Johannes D. , Reindl Caroline , Sprügel Maximilian I. , Olmes David , Schwab Stefan , Blinzler Christian , Hamer Hajo M. 
Published: October 2024

Objective
In the neurological emergency room (nER), timely electroencephalography (EEG) diagnostic is often crucial in patients with altered state of consciousness as well as in patients presenting with a first seizure. Yet, routine-EEG (rEEG) is often not available, especially during off-hours.

Methods
We analyzed the value of a commercially available, simplified wireless eight-channel EEG recording (swEEG, CerebAir® EEG headset, Nihon Kohden), applied by non-EEG-specialized medical students, in patients presenting in our nER with (suspicion of) epileptic seizures and/or loss of or altered state of consciousness between 08/2019 and 08/2022. We evaluated the feasibility and validity compared to a standard rEEG (21 electrodes according to the international 10/20 system) and also included the clinical follow-up of the patients.

Results
100 patients were included in our analysis (mean age 57.6 ± 20.4 years; 61 male). Median time of electrode application was 7 minutes (range 4–20 minutes), with significantly longer duration in patients with altered level of consciousness (median 8 minutes, p = 0.035). Electrode impedances also differed according to state of consciousness (p = 0.032), and were higher in females (p<0.001). 55 patients received additional rEEG, either during their acute nER stay (25) and/or during the next days (38). Considering normal EEG findings vs. pathological slowing vs. epileptiform activity, swEEG matched first rEEG results in 48/55 cases (87.3%). Overall, swEEG detected the same or additional pathological EEG patterns in 52/55 cases (94.5%). In 7/75 patients (9.3%) who did not receive rEEG, or had their rEEG scheduled to a later time point during their hospital stay, swEEG revealed important additional pathological findings (e.g. status epilepticus, interictal epileptiform discharges), which would have triggered acute therapeutic consequences or led to further diagnostics and investigations.

Conclusion
The introduced swEEG represents a practicable, valuable technique to be quickly applied by non-EEG-specialized ER staff to initiate timely diagnostic and guide further investigations and treatment in the nER. Moreover, it may help to avoid under-diagnostic with potentially harmful consequences caused by skipped or postponed regular 10/20 EEG examinations, and ultimately improve the outcome of patients.
Ononin delays the development of osteoarthritis by down-regulating MAPK and NF-κB pathways in rat models
Authors: Xu Fang , Li Zhaocong , Jiang Yueming , Liao Ting , Aschner Michael , Wei Qingjun 
Published: October 2024

Background
Osteoarthritis (OA) is featured as cartilage loss, joint pain and loss of labor, which the inflammatory reaction may play critical roles. Ononin is an isoflavone isolating from medicinal plants and has anti-inflammatory effects. Our study investigated the anti-inflammation response of ononin on OA.

Methods
Anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT)–induced OA operation was used to establish research model, then treated with ononin for 8 weeks. The condition of joint injury was assessed using pathological staining. The concentration of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in serum were measured by Elisa kit. The expression of collagen II and matrix metalloproteinase 13 (MMP-13) proteins to assess cartilage metabolism level by immunohistochemistry and Western blot. We detected the expression of proteins involved in the MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways. Finally, we used molecular docking to assess the affinity of ononin for the target proteins ERK1/2, JNK1/2, p38 and p65.

Results
Our results confirmed that ononin ameliorated cartilage impairment through histopathological analysis by improving the morphological structures and cartilage tidal lines and decreasing Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) scores in OA rats. Moreover, ononin inhibited the secretion of above factors in OA rats. Furthermore, ononin has been shown to improve cartilage content levels in OA rats. In addition, ononin inhibited the reactivity of MAPK and NF-κB pathways in OA rats. And molecular docking indicated the ligand molecules could stably bind to the proteins of above receptors.

Conclusion
Our results demonstrated that ononin may ameliorate cartilage damage and inflammatory response in OA rats by downgrading MAPK and NF-κB pathways, thus identifying ononin as a potential novel drug to treat OA.
Determinants of cervical cancer screening intention among reproductive age women in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Lahole Begetayinoral Kussia , Woldamlak Melkamu , Kussia Wondafrash 
Published: October 2024

Introduction
Cervical cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality in Ethiopia, despite being preventable. Screening programs remain underutilized despite multiple initiatives. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the pooled prevalence of intention to undergo cervical cancer screening and its associated factors among Ethiopian women, addressing a significant gap in national data.

Methods and materials
This systematic review and meta-analysis followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Databases such as PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, HINARI, Google Scholar, and African Journals online were searched using specific keywords and Medical Subject Headings (MeSH). Studies were assessed using a standardized appraisal format adapted from the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). Data extraction and analysis were performed using Microsoft Excel-10 and STATA 17 software, respectively. Heterogeneity was evaluated with the I2 statistic and publication bias was examined using Egger’s test. Meta-analysis employed a random-effects model.

Result
Out of the 750 articles retrieved, nine were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of intention to screen for cervical cancer in Ethiopia was 33% (95% CI: 9%-56%). Factors significantly associated with intention to undergo cervical cancer screening included favorable attitude (POR = 2.15, 95% CI: 1.29, 4.26), good knowledge about cervical cancer screening (POR: 3.49; 95% CI: 2.04, 6.93), and direct subjective norm (POR: 1.54; 95% CI: 1.32, 3.54).

Conclusion
Based on the findings of this meta-analysis, it was observed that women’s intention toward cervical cancer screening was low. Determinants identified included favorable attitude, direct subjective norm, and good knowledge of cervical cancer screening. To enhance women’s intention for cervical cancer screening, strategies, and activities should be developed to positively influence perceptions among women and those who influence their decisions. Additionally, efforts to enhance public awareness about cervical cancer and its prevention are crucial.
How does a poetry audiobook app improve the perception of well-being in older adults? A study protocol
Authors: Aravena-Canese Laura , Espejo-Videla Valeria , Rossel Pedro O. 
Published: October 2024

Background
The worldwide population over 60 years of age is increasing. Thus, older adults should maintain interest and participate in social and family activities to help preserve their independence and promote their well-being. Well-being is a part of human health in its most general sense which manifests itself in all areas of human activity. Leisure activities such as listening to an audiobook may provide enjoyment and promote relaxation in older people and help improve the well-being of older adults.

Objective
This study aims to investigate the impact of an audiobook mobile application on the well-being perception of older adults and to evaluate the usability of a mobile application specifically designed for this population.

Methods
This protocol is a quasi-experimental study that will be conducted with 60 older adults who will use an audiobook mobile application for 4 weeks. Participants will be evaluated pre and post intervention through validated questionnaires on digital competences, usability, and perception of well-being.

Results
A positive impact on the perception of well-being is expected in older adults who listen to poems through an audiobook mobile application.

Conclusions
This study will allow us to know the impact on the perception of the older adult’s well-being and stimulate other groups to do research on other populations and literary genres.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier—NCT05891925 (An Audiobook-based Intervention on Community-dwelling Older Adults in Concepción, Chile).
URL—https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05891925.
Cancer and mortality risks among people with multiple sclerosis: A population-based study in Isfahan, Iran
Authors: Nafari Amirhossein , Vaheb Saeed , Afshari-Safavi Alireza , Ravankhah Zahra , Teimouri Fotooheh , Shaygannejad Vahid , Mirmosayyeb Omid 
Published: October 2024

Background
Multiple sclerosis (MS) and cancer present substantial global health challenges. Understanding cancer patterns among people with MS (PwMS) is crucial due to potential variations across demographics and geographic regions. Isfahan province in Iran, known for its high MS incidence ratio, offers a significant population for comprehensive studies on MS. In this study, we aim to investigate the association between risk of cancer and MS.

Method
Data on PwMS were collected utilizing the National Multiple Sclerosis Registry System of Iran (NMSRI), with diagnoses confirmed using McDonald criteria by neurologists specialized in MS. Cancer incidence was investigated using the Iranian National Population-Based Cancer Registry (INPCR) data, collected following international protocols. Descriptive statistics and regression analyses were employed to assess factors associated with cancer and mortality risks among PwMS. Survival analysis was conducted using Kaplan-Meier curves.

Results
Out of 10,049 PwMS, 123 were diagnosed with cancer, with an mean age at the time of cancer diagnosis being 40.41 years and a mean MS duration of 6.76 years. The majority had relapsing-remitting MS (81.2%), and Interferon-β was the most common disease-modifying therapy (DMT) (42.4%). Cancer incidence was 125.6 per 100,000 person-years, peaking at ages 60–64 (677.9 per 100,000 person-years). Receiving monoclonal antibody medications and older age were significantly associated with higher cancer risk (OR:1.542 (1.009–2.357), OR:1.033 (1.015–1.051), respectively). Female breast cancer had the highest incidence ratio among PwMS (40.17 per 100,000 person-years), followed by thyroid (18.38 per 100,000 person-years) and digestive system cancers (17.36 per 100,000 person-years). Breast cancer was the predominant cancer in women, while digestive system cancers were most common among men. Being male and having longer MS duration were linked to higher cancer mortality risk (HR: 2.683, 1.087, respectively).

Conclusion
Cancer incidence among 10,049 people with multiple sclerosis was significant, especially in older individuals, with breast cancer being the most common. Male gender and longer MS duration were linked to higher cancer mortality risk.
The association between health literacy and quality of life of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Al-Qerem Walid , Jarab Anan , Hammad Alaa , Eberhardt Judith , Alasmari Fawaz , Alkaee Safa M. , Alsabaa Zein H. , Al-Ibadah Mahmood 
Published: October 2024

Background
Health literacy-driven interventions in patients with type 2 diabetes have been found to play an important role in achieving glycemic control and enhancing diabetic self-management outcomes. The present study aimed to examine the role of health literacy as a predictor of quality of life among diabetic patients in Jordan.

Methods
This cross-sectional study enrolled 400 Type 2 diabetic patients visiting the endocrinology department at the outpatient clinic at Al Basheer Hospital in Amman, Jordan. The data were collected between 1st of August and 28th of December 2023, using the validated Jordanian Diabetic Health Literacy Questionnaire and the EuroQol-5D tool. A quantile regression analysis was conducted to explore the factors associated with health–related quality of life among the study participants.

Result
This study included 68.8% females, with a median age of 58 (50–64) years. The median EQ5-D index score was 0.66 (0.41–0.78). Findings from regression analysis indicated as patients’ age increased, their quality of life scores significantly decreased (-0.004, 95%CI (-0.006, -0.001), p = 0.002). Additionally, higher JDHLQ scores were significantly associated with higher EQ5-D scores (0.012, 95% CI (0.006–0.018), p<0.001). Moreover, patients with only an elementary education had significantly lower EQ5-D scores compared to those with a postgraduate education (-0.106, 95%CI (-0.190, -0.023), p = 0.013).

Conclusion
The findings of the present study emphasize the importance of including health literacy assessments and interventions in the diabetes care plans of patients in Jordan.
Exploring the feasibility of FOCUS DWI with deep learning reconstruction for breast cancer diagnosis: A comparative study with conventional DWI
Authors: Ming Yue , Yang Fan , Xiao Yitian , Yue Shuting , Peng Pengfei , Yue Xun , Pu Qian , Yang Huiyi , Liang Huilou , Zhang Bo , Huang Juan , Sun Jiayu 
Published: October 2024

Purpose
This study compared field-of-view (FOV) optimized and constrained undistorted single-shot diffusion-weighted imaging (FOCUS DWI) with deep-learning-based reconstruction (DLR) to conventional DWI for breast imaging.

Methods
This study prospectively enrolled 49 female patients suspected of breast cancer from July to December 2023. The patients underwent conventional and FOCUS breast DWI and data were reconstructed with and without DLR. Two radiologists independently evaluated three images per patient using a 5-point Likert scale. Objective evaluations, including signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), were conducted using manual region of interest-based analysis. The subjective and objective evaluations were compared using the Friedman test.

Results
The scores for the overall image quality, anatomical details, lesion conspicuity, artifacts, and distortion in FOCUS-DLR DWI were higher than in conventional DWI (all P < 0.001). The SNR of FOCUS-DLR DWI was higher than that of conventional and FOCUS DWI (both P < 0.001), while FOCUS and conventional DWI were similar (P = 0.096). Conventional, FOCUS, and FOCUS-DLR DWI had similar CNR and ADC values.

Conclusion
Our findings indicate that images produced by FOCUS-DLR DWI were superior to conventional DWI, supporting the applicability of this technique in clinical practice. DLR provides a new approach to optimize breast DWI.
Silicon rich nitride: a platform for controllable structural colors
Authors: Goldberg Oren , Mazurski Noa , Levy Uriel 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
High refractive index dielectric materials like silicon rich nitride (SRN) are critical for constructing advanced dielectric metasurfaces but are limited by transparency and complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) process compatibility. SRN’s refractive index can be adjusted by varying the silicon to nitride ratio, although this increases absorption, particularly in the blue spectrum. Dielectric metasurfaces, which utilize the material’s high dielectric constant and nano-resonator geometry, experience loss amplification due to resonance, affecting light reflection, light transmission, and quality factor. This study explores the impact of varying the silicon ratio on structural color applications in metasurfaces, using metrics such as gamut coverage, saturation, and reflection amplitude. We found that a higher SRN ratio enhances these metrics, making it ideal for producing vivid structural colors. Our results show that SRN can produce a color spectrum covering up to 166 % of the sRGB space and a resolution of 38,000 dots per inch. Fabricated samples vividly displayed a parrot, a flower, and a rainbow, illustrating SRN’s potential for high-resolution applications. We also show that SRN can provide a better CIE diagram coverage than other popular metasurfaces materials. These findings highlight the advantages of SRN for photonic devices, suggesting pathways for further material and application development.
IMPROVEMENT OF THE ALLOY STRUCTURE OF THE Ni-Cr-Со-W-Mo-Al-Ti-C SYSTEM
Authors: Obnosov K. , Greshta V. , Hlotka O. , Kononov V. , Fasol E. 
Published: October 2024

Purpose. Establishing the specifics of the influence of alloying elements on the formation of carbides in the structure, their shape and the possibility of separating TLC phases for the system of the Ni-Cr-Co-W-Mo-Al-Ti-C type using the CALPHAD calculation method of prediction in comparison with data obtained by the method of raster electron microscopy.
Research methods. The results of experimental and calculated data, formed on the basis of experimental and results taken from open sources, are presented. The chemical composition was determined on a REM-106I scanning electron microscope equipped with an energy dispersive analysis. Experimental values were processed by the method of least squares with obtaining correlation dependencies of the “parameter-property” type and establishing mathematical equations of regression models that optimally describe these dependencies.
Results. It was established that when the concentration of titanium is more than 4 % and molybdenum is more than 6 % and 15 % chromium, the formation of TSC phases (Р, s and m- phases) is possible, which reduce the operational properties of the alloy. It was found that when the alloy contains more than 25 % chromium, a solid chromium-based solution is formed, which reduces the properties of the alloy (mechanical and corrosion). It is shown that the obtained dependences correspond to reality and coincide with experimental data at the level of 10 %.
Scientific novelty. Obtained dependences of the influence of alloying elements on the chemical composition of carbides will allow predicting properties without conducting experiments. It was established that changes in the course of dependencies are closely correlated with the processes occurring in the structure of alloys.
Practical value. The obtained dependencies can be used both for the development of new heat-resistant alloys and for the improvement of the compositions of industrial alloys.