bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Two decision makers’ single decision over a back order EOQ model with dense fuzzy demand rate
Authors: Maity Suman , De Sujit Kumar , Pal Madhumangal 
Published: March 2018

<p>In this article we develop an economic order quantity (EOQ) model with backlogging where the decision is made jointly from two decision maker supposed to view one of them as the industrialist (developer) and the other one as the responsible manager. The problem is handled under dense fuzzy environment. In fuzzy set theory the concept of dense fuzzy set is quite new which is depending upon the number of negotiations/ turnover made by industrial developers with the supplier of raw materials and/or the customers. Moreover, we have discussed the preliminary concept on dense fuzzy sets with their corresponding membership functions and appropriate defuzzification method. The numerical study explores that the solution under joint decision maker giving the finer optimum of the objective function. A sensitive analysis, graphical illustration and conclusion are made for justification the new approach.</p>
La impunidad en el contexto de la desaparición forzada en México = Impunity in the context of enforced disappearance in Mexico
Authors: Guevara Bermúdez José Antonio , Chávez Vargas Lucía Guadalupe 
Published: March 2018

Resumen: La impunidad se define como la ausencia de castigo a los responsables de cometer delitos. En el caso de México, destaca la impunidad por el crimen de desaparición forzada de personas. La desaparición forzada se ha manifestado en México al menos en tres periodos: la Guerra Sucia, el conflicto Zapatista y la guerra contra las drogas. Los crímenes que se han cometido en esos contextos permanecen sin castigo, por lo que las víctimas permanecen sin ser reparadas de manera integral.El artículo busca dimensionar el caso mexicano sobre el crimen de la desaparición forzada a la luz de los elementos que componen el concepto de impunidad. Además, plantea una serie de propuestas tendientes a contribuir a la erradicación de la impunidad por graves violaciones a derechos humanos.Palabras clave: Derechos Humanos, impunidad, desaparición forzada, crimen, violencia.Abstract: Impunity is defined as the absence of punishment for those responsible for committing crimes. In the case of Mexico, impunity stands out for the crime of enforced disappearance of persons. The enforced disappearance has manifested in Mexico in at least three periods: the Dirty War, the Zapatista conflict and the war on drugs. The crimes that have been committed in those contexts remain unpunished, so that the victims remain without an integral reparation.The article seeks to analyze the Mexican case on the crime of forced disappearance considering the elements that make up the concept of impunity. In addition, it explores a series of proposals tending to contribute to the eradication of impunity for serious human rights violations.Keywords: Human Rights, impunity, forced disappearance, crime, violence.
Excepciones a derechos = Exceptions to rights
Authors: Andrade Moreno Marcos 
Published: March 2018

Resumen: El artículo presenta dos sentidos de excepciones a derechos y las razones por las que conviene distinguirlos. Se muestran las dificultades teóricas de definir el concepto de excepción y cancelación o suspensión de derechos, ya que ellos, al parecer, descansan en la idea de anormalidad. Se muestran las dificultades de este enfoque y su justificación en el debate en torno a las excepciones implícitas y la derrotabilidad. Se ofrece una manera de superar estas dificultades, abandonando el enfoque lógico. En su lugar, se presenta un enfoque funcional que busca co-definir las excepciones y las suspensiones o cancelaciones mediante sus relaciones con otras normas denominadas normas alterativas, cuyo fin sería alcanzar cierto gran de flexibilidad normativa. Palabras clave: Excepciones, cancelaciones, normas que establecen derechos, flexibilidad normativa. Abstract: The paper presents two meanings of exceptions to rights and why it is convenient to distinguish them. The theoretical difficulties of defining the concept of exception and derogation of rights based on the idea of abnormality are shown. Instead, by showing the difficulties of this approach and its justification on the implicit exceptions and defeasibility debate, it offers a way to overcome these difficulties abandoning the logical approach. In lieu, a functional approach is presented: one that seeks to co-define exceptions and suspensions or cancellations through their relationships with other norms called alterative norms, whose purpose would be to achieve a certain degree of normative flexibility. Keywords: Exceptions, derogations, enacted rights, normative flexibility.
Juicio político = Impeachment
Authors: Mocoroa Juan M. 
Published: March 2018

Resumen: Este trabajo analiza las posibilidades del procedimiento de juicio político para hacer efectiva la responsabilidad política, particularmente en el caso de los jefes de Estado. Para ello, describe sus elementos estructurales y ofrece consideraciones generales sobre el mismo. Además, se propone una interpretación amplia según la cual, independientemente de las causas previstas por cada Constitución, es posible responsabilizar políticamente a los jefes de Estado en los sistemas presidencialistas. De tal modo, se propone una justificación del mecanismo según la cual este tiene como objetivo destituir a los funcionarios que cometieron ofensas y atentados contra la propia comunidad en el ejercicio de sus funciones y que se consideren abusos de poder o de autoridad. Esta interpretación disminuye las diferencias entre los regímenes democráticos presidencialistas y parlamentarios respecto a las modalidades de la responsabilidad política.Palabras clave: Responsabilidad política, juicio político, régimen político, presidencialismo, jefe de Estado.Abstract: This paper analyzes the possibilities for the impeachment to make political responsibility effective, particularly in the case of presidents. For that matter, it describes its structural elements and gives some general considerations. In addition, a broad interpretation is proposed, according to which, independently from the causes foreseen by each constitution, it is possible to hold presidents politically responsible. In this way, a justification of the mechanism is proposed, according to which its aim is to dismiss officials who committed offenses and attacks against the community itself in the exercise of their functions and that are considered abuses of power or authority. This interpretation diminishes the differences between the presidentialist and parliamentary democratic regimes regarding the modalities of political responsibility.Keywords: Political responsibility, impeachment, political regime, presidentialism, president.
Whistleblowing
Authors: Pérez Triviño José Luis 
Published: March 2018

Resumen: La generalización del whistleblowing (delación) responde a varios factores como la influencia proveniente del private law enforcement de Estados Unidos, pero también al descubrimiento de escándalos empresariales merced a la revelación de personas que formaban parte de esas organizaciones (Siemens, WorldCom, "Lista Falciani"). Esto ha motivado que se estén extendiendo los canales de denuncia y el fomento de los whistleblowers, ya que son vistos como un instrumento básico de prevención y descubrimiento de comportamientos delictivos, especialmente de los relacionados con la empresa y la corrupción. En este trabajo trato de ofrecer una presentación del whistleblowing y los canales de denuncia, mostrando algunas de sus ventajas, pero también algunas de las objeciones y riesgos que comportan.Palabras clave: Whistleblowing, canales de denuncia, traición, corrupción.Abstract: The generalization of whistleblowing responds to several factors such as the influence coming from the American private law enforcement, but also to the discovery of corporate scandals thanks to the disclosure of employees who were part of those organizations (Siemens, WorldCom, "Falciani List"). This has led to the expansion of whistleblower reporting systems and the promotion of whistleblowers insofar it is seen as a basic instrument for the prevention and detection of criminal behavior, especially those related to business and corruption. In this paper I try to offer a brief description of whistleblowing and reporting systems, showing some of its advantages, but also some of the objections and risks involved. Keywords: Whistleblowing, reporting channels, betrayal, corruption.
Laboratory Study on a New Surfactant/Polymer Formulation for Both Sandstone and Carbonate Reservoir
Authors: Zhang Fan , Luo Wenli , Yang Siyu , Zhang Qun , Zhu Youyi , Zhou Zhaohui , Tian Maozhang 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Chemical flooding technique of alkali-surfactant-polymer (ASP) has been successfully applied in China for sandstone reservoir. However, challenges to develop chemical EOR formulations without alkali are significant and unique for both sandstone and carbonate reservoir. On the one hand, it is very difficult to achieve ultra-low interfacial tension and good oil displacement effect without the help of alkali. On the other hand, the oil types, rock mineral compositions, rock surface property, matrix pore structure and orientation are all different for sandstone and carbonate reservoir. In fact, the ASP technologies successfully used in Daqing sandstone oilfield cannot be simply extrapolated to SP combination flooding and carbonate reservoir. The key technology is development low cost and high efficiency surfactant and polymer.
In this paper, the new surfactant/polymer formulation has been developed, and show good properties for both sandstone and carbonate reservoir. The novel sulfobetaine with intellectual property has been obtained with raw material of cheap fatty acid, and the carbon-carbon double bond can improve the solubility and emulsifying property.The star-shaped polymer has been developed, and could effectively increase the rigidity of polymer molecular chain and the regularity of molecular structure, which can make the curliness of polymer chain become difficult, and increase the revolving hydraulic radius of molecular chain.The new surfactant/polymer formulation had wide adaptability and could achieve ultra-low interfacial tension (IFT, less than 1.0×10−2mN/m) in different sandstone and carbonate reservoir conditions, and the temperature were from 45 ℃ to 90℃, and the salinity were from 4,500 mg/L to 100,000 mg/L.The SP system has good long term stability at different reservoir conditions. The IFT results were in the range from 10−4mN/m to 10−3mN/m with duration of 180 days, and the retention rates of viscosity were more than 90%.The new surfactant/polymer formulation had good emulsifying capacity, and emulsion Winsor III was observed. It could change the wettability from oil wet to water wet, and had good stripping film capacity.The alkali-free SP formulation showed good oil displacement effect. After water flooding, it could increase oil recovery 21.5% (OOIP) in Daqing oilfield in China for sandstone reservoir; for carbonate reservoir, it could increase oil recovery 23.42% (OOIP) in the oilfield of Middle East.
This paper presents the new alkali-free surfactant/polymer combination flooding green technology, which provide promising chemical EOR technique for both sandstone and carbonate reservoir.
Antiradical and Antibacterial Activity of Essential Oils from the Lamiaceae Family Plants in Connection with their Composition and Optical Activity of Components
Authors: Shutava Hanna G. , Shutava Tatsiana G. , KAVALENKA Natalya A. , SUPİCHENKA Halina N. 
Published: March 2018

Antiradical
activity of essential oils of korean mint (Agastache
rugosa (Fisch. et Mey)), blue giant hyssop (Agastache foeniculum (Pursh) Kuntze),
hyssop (Hyssopus officinalis L.),
lavander (Lavandula angustifolia L.),
peppermint (Mentha piperita L.),
lemon mint (Mentha piperita var. citrata (Ehrh.) Briq), monarda (Monarda fistulosa L.), oregano (Origanum vulgare L.), common sage (Salvia officinalis L.), clary (Salvia sclarea L.), and winter savory (Satureja montana L.) cultivated in the
Central Botanical Garden of NAS of Belarus was investigated in the reaction
with the cation-radicals of 2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic
acid) (ABTS+·).
The most pronounced antiradical activity was observed for the essential oils
with a high content of phenolic compounds: winter savory and monarda.
Antiradical properties of the essential oils and individual phenolic and
terpene compounds (eugenol, carvacrol, thymol, citral, (+)-pulegone) in the
reaction with ABTS+·
significantly differ in aqueous solutions and ethanol-water mixtures.

Нigh antibacterial activity of selected components of essential oils from
the Lamiaceae plants, carvacrol,
citral, and linalool, towards test organisms Sarcina lutea, Esherichia coli, Staphylococcus saprophyticus,
Pseudomonas fluorescens, Bacillus megaterium, Pseudomonas putida was shown.
The antibacterial activity of enantiomers of pinene and limonene was
determined. The dextrorotary isomer of α-pinene possesses a significantly
higher level of activity as compared with the levorotary one. S-(-)-limonene
proves itself as a more active antimicrobial component towards Sarcina lutea and Staphylococcus saprophyticus than R-(+)-limonene. Both enantiomers
show comparable activity towards Esherichia
coli. Due to the high antibacterial activity the essential oils from Satureja montana and Monarda fistulosa can be considered as
effective antibacterial agents.
Microbiological aspects of thermophile pretreatment of activated sludge inhibiting electricity generation of microbial fuel cell
Authors: Zhao Yang-Guo , Zhao Yanhui , Zhang Yi , Guo Liang , Gao Mengchun 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Thermophile pretreatment of activated sludge greatly improves the biodegradability of sludge, but whether the pretreated products are suitable for the electricity generation of microbial fuel cells (MFCs) is still little known. In this study, municipal activated sludge pretreated by a thermophilic bacterium and heating, respectively, was separately fed into the MFCs. The performance of MFCs was examined and changes of anodic microbial communities were investigated with scanning electron microscopy and 16S rRNA gene high-throughput sequencing on the Illumina Miseq platform. The results showed that MFCs fed with heating-pretreated sludge performed preferably and the power density reached 0.91–2.86 W/m3. MFC anodes were covered with considerable Geobacter spp. However, the bioaugmentation of sludge with the thermophile was not able to support a high potential output although the pretreatment significantly increased the soluble chemical oxygen demand. The maximum power density approached 0.20 W/m3 even when the anolyte was regularly changed. It was observed that amending pH did not improve the performance of MFC. Investigation on this anodic microbial community found that the relative abundance of Lactobacillus spp. exceeded 91%. Consequently, the thermophile-pretreated products stimulated the growth of non-exoelectrogens and finally the niches of anodic biofilm were completely occupied by Lactobacillus spp.
A New Nanostructure Square Wave Voltammetric Platform for Determination of Tert-butylhydroxyanisole in Food Samples
Authors: Karimi Fatemeh , Bijad Majede , Farsi Mohammad , Vahid Amir , Asari-Bami Hesam , Wen Yangping , Ganjali Mohammad Reza 
Published: March 2018

Background:Antioxidants are one of the important additives in food samples due to their role in protecting human cells against the effects of free radicals. The analysis of antioxidants is essential due to the role of antioxidants in improving body health.Objective:A square wave voltammetric sensor was fabricated for the determination of tert-butylhydroxyanisole (TBHA) based on the application of CdO/SWCNTs and 1-methyl-3-butylimidazolium chloride as mediators for the modification of carbon paste electrode (MBCl/CdO/SWCNTs/CPE). The MBCl/CdO/SWCNTs/CPE improved the sensitivity of TBHA ~ 6.7 times and showed a linear dynamic range 0.07-600 &#181;M with detection limit 0.02 &#181;A for the analysis of TBHA. The pH investigation confirmed that electro-oxidation of TBHA occurred by exchanging two electrons and two protons. In addition, the MBCl/CdO/SWCNTs/CPE was used for determination of TBHA in food samples.
Nanocarriers for Topical Drug Delivery: Approaches and Advancements
Authors: Singhvi Gautam , Patil Shalini , Girdhar Vishal , Dubey Sunil Kumar 
Published: March 2018

Background:Delivery of drugs through the skin has been an attractive as well as a challenging area for research. Topical drug delivery has provided enormous advantages over the systemic route for various drugs and one of the important amongst them is reduced toxicity due to a minimum or zero exposure to non-target organs.Methods:Various nanocarrier loaded topical preparations including organogels, emulgels, niosomal gel, lyotropic liquid crystal based gels, etc have been investigated for their topical application. Nanocarriers loaded topical preparation have been proven for improved permeation through the cutaneous barrier and delivering the drug at the target site. The objective of this review is to study the recent updates regarding newer topical gel formulations and highlighting their current potential and future scope of the same.Results:The present work has summarized different studies related to nanotechnology derived topical gel formulations and also enlisted few drugs which have been successfully formulated as novel topical gels. Advancement in nanocarriers loaded topical preparations have also been reviewed with their permeation and efficacy compared to conventional formulations.Conclusion:The present review will provide an overview of nanotechnology based topical preparation to the readers and will create curiosity for further development.
أهمية تعليم اللغة العربيّة في فهم القران العظيم
Authors: Alwizar Alwizar 
Published: March 2018

اتفق العلماء على أن تعليم اللغة العربية هو جزء من الدين وواجب ديني. إن العلم باللغة العربية واجب على كل متعلّم من العلم بالقراَن والسنة حتى لا غناء بأحد منهم عنه. فالله تعالى يعلم أنّ اللغة العربيّة في زمان نزول القران أفضل اللغات وأفصحها وأوسعها معنى, فأنزل كلامه العظيم بها. واللغة العربية لم تزل كذلك بفضل القران العظيم الذي وعده الله تعالى بحفظه على مرّ العصور. ومن خصائص العربيّة أنها أفضل اللغات وأوسعها. من هنا عرفنا أن اللغة العربية لها دور عظيم في فهم القراَن العظيم وأن تعليمها مهمة جدا في حياة الأمة الإسلامية
MULTIPLE INTELLIGENCE THEORY FOR EFL DISADVANTAGED STUDENTS OF NON–FEE PAYMENT SCHOOL
Authors: Miski Cut Raudhtaul 
Published: March 2018

After more than thirty five years, multiple intelligence theory of Howard Gardner is still used to help teaching and learning process in the classroom. Teachers can guide students to maximize their English language learning by optimizing their potential intelligences. Though so, discussion on multiple intelligence toward disadvantaged students is not adequate enough. This paper will figure out the usefulness of the Multiple intelligence theory to facilitate the disadvantaged students in learning English language in the classroom especially who learn at non - fee paying school. Hopefully that this paper benefits for teachers who teach disadvantaged students, those who are working to improve the quality of education for disadvantaged students, and give a useful light to student teacher’s knowledge about the unique circumstances of disadvantaged students.
Peningkatan Keterampilan berpikir Kritis Siswa dengan menggunakan model inkuiri terbimbing bervisi SETS
Authors: Afrianis Neti 
Published: March 2018

The process of teaching and learning in the schools only emphasized on the knowledge and understanding aspects and lack develop the skill of critical thinking of students so that they are poorly trained to develop reasoning power in responding and solving problem or applied the concept of science in life. The objective of this study was to improve the critical thinking skill of student using guided inquiry model with SETS (Science, Environment, Technology and Social) vision. This research was conducted in Senior High School (SMAN) 1 Kampar, class of XI IPA-1 and XI IPA-3. Improvement of critical thinking skill of student is measured using pre-test and post-test. The score of pre-test and post-test was analyzed using the N-Gain tested. The result of this study showed that skill to basic explanation, constructing of basic practice, generalization, and hypothesis making as the indicator of thinking ability of student were catagorized as moderate, meanwhile indicator of applied the concept was high with 0.834 of N-Gain value. The critical thinking of students for each indicator were increased that reflected from average value of pre-test and post-test of students. The finding of this study was guided inquiry model with SETS vision able to improve the critical thinking of student of SMAN 1 Kampar.
PEMANFAATAN KULIT PISANG ( MUSA PARADISIACA) SEBAGAI PEMBUATAN BATERAI PADA PRAKTIKUM SEL ELEKTROKIMIA DI MAN 1 PEKANBARU
Authors: Yanasari Ranti , Refelita Fitri 
Published: March 2018

The research on the application of banana skin (Musa Paradisiaca) has been done as a production of natural battery paste. This research is aimed at to see the voltage, light flame, and the endurance that are produced by two varieties of the banana skins. the banana skins that are utilized are the skins of Berangan banana and Kepok banana. Each of the mass samples is 5 grams. In the research, the addition of salt is performed. The KCl salt with different mass is conducted: 0.75; 1; 1.25; 1.5; 1.75 and 2 grams until it reached 1.5-1.8 volts of voltage. The addition of salt is done to gain a more optimum voltage. The result indicates that the Berangan banana skin has better voltage and endurance comparing to Kepok banana. The voltage that is generated by Berangan banana skin is 1.17 volts with the endurance time of 4 days. After being added with the salt, the voltage increased to 1.54 volts and the endurance of 11 days. For Kepok banana, it is generated 1.00 volts with the endurance time of 3 days. After the salt addition, the voltage increases to 1.52 volts with the endurance of 7 days. The questionnaire of teacher’s evaluation about the research result as learning sources at voltage cells practicum gives a cumulative score of 93.75% which is categorized very good. Keywords: banana skin battery paste, battery, banana skin, voltage, electrolyte.
PENGARUH PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PREDICT OBSERVE EXPLAIN (POE) TERHADAP AKTIVITAS BELAJAR KIMIA SISWA MAN KUOK
Authors: Navisa Navisa , Soleman ritonga Pangaloan 
Published: March 2018

Abstract This research was an experiment—instigated by the lack of students’ activeness in the teaching learning process. This research aimed at informing that Predict Observe Explain (POE) learning model effected students’ Chemistry learning activity on Electrolyte and Non-Electrolyte Solution material at State Islamic Senior High School of Kuok. The samples were 29 students of class X.1 (Experimental group) and 31 students of class X.3 (Control group). Interview, normality test of observation sheets, and documentation were the techniques of collecting the data. T-test was used to analyze the data. Based on the data analysis, tobserved was 2.200 and ttable was 2.00 (tobserved ≥ ttable). It revealed that Ho was rejected. In other words, it showed that there was students’ Chemistry learning activity enhancement on Electrolyte and Non-Electrolyte Solution material at State Islamic Senior High School of Kuok. The influence is counted by using Influence Coefficient (IC) Predict Observe Explain (POE) learning model it is 7,7%. Keywords:Predict Observe Explain (POE)Model, Learning Activity, Electrolyte and Non-Electrolyte Solution