bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Osteosynthesis with anatomic reduction after malleolar fractures improves ten years outcome: a single center trial
Authors: Chidda Amal , Soares Sérgio , Nogueira Pedro , Schwab Joseph M. , Tannast Moritz , Seidel Angela 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Malleolar fractures are the most common ankle fractures and a major risk factor for ankle osteoarthritis in the long-term. Little is known about modifiable risk factors for a satisfactory outcome. This study aimed to assess the long-term clinical, functional and radiological outcomes in patients after osteosynthesis.

Methods
In this retrospective single center study, we assessed the difference in patients who underwent surgical intervention for malleolar fractures sustained between 2007 and 2014. The reduction was assessed on the first postoperative radiograph. At follow-up patients completed a questionnaire, including the European Foot and Ankle Society (EFAS) and Short Form-12 (SF-12) scores to evaluate patient-reported outcomes and quality of life. Ankle osteoarthritis was assessed using the Kellgren and Lawrence classification.

Results
One hundred seventeen patients, 102 with anatomic reduction and 15 with malreduction, were reached at mean follow-up at 11.4 years and 10.9 years. The mean EFAS score was 18,0 for anatomic and 16,1 for nonanatomic reduction and 6.1 and 4.5 for the sport component. The rate of satisfaction with the result was 8.2 in anatomic reduction and 7.5 in the malreduction. There was no significant difference in the SF-12 group between the two groups. Anatomic reduction is a protective facture for a satisfactory outcome in the univariate model with the hazard ratio of 5.94.

Conclusion
Anatomic reduction is one of the strongest protective factors for satisfactory outcome after malleolar fractures in a follow-up of more than 10 years.
The impact of fluconazole use on the fungal and bacterial microbiomes in recurrent Vulvovaginal Candidiasis (RVVC): a pilot study of vaginal and gastrointestinal site interplay
Authors: Bradfield Strydom Moira , Nelson Tiffanie M. , Khan Sohil , Walpola Ramesh L. , Ware Robert S. , Tiralongo Evelin 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Recurrent Vulvovaginal Candidiasis (RVVC) is a problematic clinical condition for which fluconazole treatment is commonly prescribed. This study investigated the interkingdom vaginal and gastrointestinal microbiomes of RVVC patients who use fluconazole intermittently or as longer-term maintenance therapy for symptom management and compared them to healthy controls.

Methods
Vaginal swabs and fecal samples were collected. A novel interkingdom analysis was performed using 16 S rRNA and ITS1 gene sequencing to compare the diversity and taxonomic composition of vaginal microbiome (VMB) and gastrointestinal microbiome (GIMB).

Results
Twenty-seven women participated: 10 intermittent users and healthy controls and 7 maintenance therapy. The study revealed that microbiomes of fluconazole users do not differ in diversity metrics from healthy controls. RVVC patients using intermittent fluconazole displayed a higher abundance of vaginal C. albicans than healthy controls. Candida species pairings were not commonly observed between sites in individuals and, as such a fecal reservoir is unlikely to be implicated in recurrent symptomatology. In many of the RVVC non-Candida fungal spp. were identified in the vaginal microbiome. Users of fluconazole displayed elevations of the CST-I (Community State Type 1) associated bacterium L. crispatus. All participants displaying vaginal Candida spp. belonged to either bacterial CST-I or CST-III (Community State Type 3- L. iners associated).

Conclusion
To our knowledge, this is the first study to compare the interkingdom VMB-GIMB of women with RVVC using oral fluconazole. As fluconazole users in this study represent a typical RVVC population, trends observed in microbial abundance require further analysis to establish fluconazole’s long-term microbiome safety. Examining the microbiome at both sites adds to the current understanding of microbial associated with the condition.
Radiation-induced malignancies after stereotactic radiosurgery for brain arteriovenous malformations: a large single-center retrospective study and systematic review
Authors: Hirata Takeru , Umekawa Motoyuki , Shinya Yuki , Hasegawa Hirotaka , Katano Atsuto , Shinozaki-Ushiku Aya , Saito Nobuhito 
Published: November 2024

AbstractStereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) is widely utilized to treat small- and medium-sized brain arteriovenous malformations (BAVMs); however, radiation-induced malignancies (RIMs) have been reported as extremely rare yet potentially life-threatening complications of SRS. This study aimed to investigate the risk of RIMs after SRS for BAVMs. The outcomes of patients who underwent single-session SRS for BAVMs at our institution and were followed for ≥ 5 years were analyzed to calculate the incidence of RIMs. In addition, a systematic review was conducted using the existing literature reporting RIMs after SRS for BAVMs in compliance with the PRISMA guideline. Regarding the in-hospital analysis, only one (0.18%) RIM (gliosarcoma) was observed among 569 patients, with a median follow-up period of 151 months (interquartile range, 103–255 months). The 15, 20, and 25-year cumulative incidences of RIMs were 0%, 0%, and 1.01%, respectively, whereas the overall incidence rate was 0.12 per 1,000 patient-years. In the systematic review, 14 studies were included, with the incidence of RIMs ranging from 0.00 to 0.24%. Eight patients with RIMs were identified, and the most common pathology was glioblastoma. The median time until the diagnosis of RIM was 7.1 years (range, 4–19 years) after SRS, and their clinical courses were largely dismal, with the post-diagnosis survival periods being 1–10 months. RIM constitutes an extremely rare but potentially fatal complication following SRS for BAVMs, with its incidence rate being at most 0.24%.
Life cycle assessment of plastic waste management in Mozambique
Authors: dos Muchangos Letícia Sarmento , Ito Lisa , Tokai Akihiro 
Published: November 2024

AbstractLow-income coastal nations such as Mozambique grapple with providing sustainable and effective management of plastic waste (PW), which influences the increase in disease prevalence and of diverse adverse environmental impacts, primarly terrestrial and marine pollution. About 490,000 tons, from domestic generation and imports, make up the total PW in the system. In this study, a life cycle assessment (LCA) was employed to clarify the associated environmental impacts of 1 kg of PW within the waste management system in Mozambique. It was explained that over 95% of PW ended up in open dumpsites, with about 60% open burned, significantly impacting the ecotoxicity and global warming categories—5.49 kg of 1,4-dichlorobenzene (1,4-DCB) for terrestrial ecotoxicity, 4.99 kg of 1,4-DCB for human non-carcinogenic ecotoxicity, and 1.57 kg of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2 eq) for global warming potential. The findings provide a quantitative baseline understanding of PW management impacts in the country, thus identifying junctures and opportunities that can help inform and enable the development of policies and strategies for a sustainable PW management system.
Graphical abstract
Untangling Digital Safety, literacy, and Wellbeing in School activities for 10 to 13 Year Old Students
Authors: Cowling Michael , Sim Kwong Nui , Orlando Joanne , Hamra Jafar 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In an era where digital technologies penetrate every aspect of education and a growing body of research examining various aspects of digital safety, there exists a significant research gap concerning the overarching (holistic) influence of digital activities on the schooling of 10 to 13 year olds. This paper presents a comprehensive review that untangles the complex relationship between digital safety, literacy, and wellbeing in this context based on 24 papers appearing in international peer-reviewed journals published from 2010 to 2023, and critically examines the impact of digital safety protocols on online student activities, the role of digital literacy in enhancing learning outcomes, and the intricate interplay between digital wellbeing and academic engagement, taking into account the changes created by the COVID-19 pandemic. Findings showed that the online engagement of students between Year 6 and Year 8 is deeply impacted by factors like digital literacy, digital communication/relationships, digital well-being, and digital habits; that COVID-19 put a spotlight on health; but that in general more research into digital safety needs to be conducted from a holistic and longitudinal viewpoint. Through careful analysis of the literature, this study provides insight into the challenges faced by 10 to 13 year olds, providing valuable directions for educators, policymakers, and researchers striving to create a safe, supportive, and empowering learning environment.
Physiochemical, Radiative Transitions and Thermoluminescence Characterizations of Nano Ce-doped Monoclinic Barium Titanate
Authors: Bassioni Ghada , El-Kinawy Mohamed , Mostafa Manar , El-Faramawy Nabil 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis article reports the preparation, analytical, and thermoluminescence (TL) characterization of BaTi5O11 doped with different amounts of Ce. The Sol–gel technique was used to synthesize the doped nanocrystals. The prepared samples were examined by XRD, EDX, UV–Vis spectrophotometry, SEM, and TEM techniques to determine their analytical features. The samples with 0.7% Ce doping showed the best thermoluminescent behavior among the samples we made. The glow curves analysis showed that there were seven peaks that overlapped with each other. The thermal activation energy values of the carrier traps are 0.93, 1.08, 1.16, 1.23, 1.29, 1.35, and 1.38 eV. This study displayed that 0.7% Ce-doped BaTi5O11 can be used in monitoring high doses radiation applications.
Trace metal accumulation with age in bats: a case study on Pipistrellus kuhlii lepidus from a relatively unpolluted area
Authors: Timofieieva Olha , Labecka Anna Maria , Vlaschenko Anton , Shulenko Alona , Laskowski Ryszard 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBats, as exceptionally long-lived small mammals, are at particular risk of metal poisoning due to the tendency of metals to bioaccumulate throughout their lives. In our study, we investigated the general question of how trace metal concentrations change with age in different bat tissues on the example of Pipistrellus kuhlii lepidus, which lives for years in one area and is strongly associated with urban environments. To determine the exact age of the individuals, osteochronology was applied, counting the number of dentine rings in cross-sections of the upper canine tooth of each individual. The age of 57 individuals of P. kuhlii lepidus, representing ca. 10% of the colony, was identified. Whole internal organs (liver, kidneys, lungs, and forearm bones) and samples of external tissues (fur and wing membrane) were analyzed for concentrations of Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn using atomic absorption spectrometry. We found that concentrations of Cd, Pb, and Zn, but not Cu, increase with the age of the bats, but in relatively unpolluted areas, metal concentrations do not reach the level which can cause chronic adverse effects. Nevertheless, due to the confirmed accumulation of metals in bat tissues with age, toxic effects can be expected in older individuals in areas where trace metal concentrations are elevated.
Application of the pair-input deep learning model for seismicity reassessment in Cameroon
Authors: Carvalho Luis , Mohammadigheymasi Hamzeh , Crocker Paul , Tavakolizadeh Nasrin , Moradichaleshtori Yahya , Fernandes Rui 
Published: November 2024

AbstractApplying advanced signal analysis and feature extraction methods to seismic datasets facilitates the extraction of key information from these valuable resources. In particular, advanced deep learning models can play a crucial role in this extraction process from seismic waveforms. This study aims to analyze the seismicity of the Cameroon area by deeply scanning an archived dataset from a temporary seismic network composed of 32 broadband sensors that operated in Cameroon from March 2005 to February 2007. We thoroughly scan the dataset to detect local earthquakes, calculate an updated crustal velocity model for the region by incorporating the acquired earthquake bulletin, and perform a joint inversion scheme. The DL-based workflow implemented in this study utilizes a pair-input deep learning model for scanning the seismic phases in the dataset, followed by a seismic phase picking process. Applying the Rapid Earthquake Association and Location method allows for the association of detected phases with local seismic events. By combining a set of 17,261 P-picked and 14,239 S-picked phases associated with 473 well-located earthquakes with magnitudes ranging from $$1.3 \le M_L \le 4.6$$

1.3
≤

M
L

≤
4.6

, we implement a joint inversion to estimate an updated 1D crustal velocity model and hypocentral parameters. The obtained model reveals layers with thicknesses of 82,034, and 54 km, extending to a depth of 80 km, with P-wave velocities ($$V_{{\text{p}}}$$

V
p

) of 6.1, 6.4, 6.6, 7.6, 8.25, and 8.5 km/s, and S-wave velocities ($$V_{{\text{s}}}$$

V
s

) of 3.57, 3.74, 3.86, 4.44, 4.82, and 5.0 km/s, respectively. The newly detected seismic events predominantly cluster in the Central Cameroon Shear Zone (CCSZ), the east flank of Mount Cameroon, the region between Mount Cameroon and Bioko Island, and the southern part of Bioko Island. The validity of this approach is further supported by a newly compiled catalog for this period, which is 1.35 times more extensive than the previously reported catalog for this dataset. Finally, the study presents a 3D time-lapse animation illustrating the sequence of detected earthquakes.
The International Monetary Fund (IMF), Policy Conditionality and Human Rights, 2001–2021
Authors: Tarkpor Martin , Clarke Gerard 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe World Bank and International Monetary Fund (IMF) have been criticised for their weak commitment to human rights, with the World Bank subject to greater scrutiny and criticism than the IMF and despite significant progress since 2015 in linking its policies and operations to international human rights law. In this light, we explore the extent to which the IMF meets its responsibilities under international human rights law. We focus on IMF conditionality, on the conditions attached to IMF loans to countries in the global South. Using QDA Miner Lite, and a system of interpretive coding, we explore the extent to which international human rights standards are reflected in IMF loan conditions on the basis of inter-temporal and cross-country comparisons. We find that human rights are increasingly reflected in IMF conditionality, but also that it continues to undermine human rights, for instance, by unduly constraining the fiscal space available to sovereign governments. The IMF, we conclude, continues to compare unfavourably to other multilateral institutions, warranting enhanced scrutiny by organs of the UN Human Rights Council and by human rights NGOs.
Cooking pottery as indicator of resilience and change in Early Medieval Cyprus. An archaeometric approach
Authors: Vasileiou Theodoros K. , Vionis Athanasios K. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe early medieval times in Cyprus are signified, conventionally, by the Arab invasions of the mid-seventh century (649/650CE). Past research viewed those events as the catalyst which led to a transformation from a prosperous province to a marginal territory balancing between two antagonising empires. Recently, studies have shifted their focus on reassessing this period’s scant -yet present- material culture. In pottery studies, despite the advances in typological and distribution aspects, few have explored technological issues of early medieval ceramic production through instrumental analysis. This study focuses on the compositional and technological characterisation of cooking vessels through ceramic petrography (TL-OM), found in relevant contexts in Cyprus, representing both wheel-thrown and handmade traditions. Sherds coming from five major early-medieval sites of the island (sites of Kophinou, Kalavasos-Kopetra, Akrotiri, Yeroskipou-Ayioi Pente and Dhiorios), outlined a picture of two parallel trends transversing across sites, i.e., an inter-regional shared sense of shape uniformity smoothening the local variances and a strong regionalism in terms of raw material procurement. Wheel-thrown cookware -found in every site and strongly represented by the Dhiorios workshop- showed the survival of Late Antique shapes well into the Early Middle Ages, in fabrics related mainly to the broader area of Dhiorios. In addition, handmade vessels of a "shared repertoire" showed a variety of local clays for their manufacture. When integrated into their archaeological context in Cyprus, the results support the idea of a ceramic koine persisting through the beginning of the Byzantine Early Middle Ages on an intra and inter-regional level.
“What Can We Do?”: A Psychological Perspective on (Mal)Adaptive Coping Strategies and Barriers to Coping in an Area of Severe Climate Vulnerability in Bangladesh
Authors: Lilier Kyra , Mikulewicz Michael , Selim Samiya A. , Raihan Syed Tauheed , Islam Rafia , Das Jennifer , Danquah Ina , Bärnighausen Till , Sauerborn Rainer , Bärnighausen Kate 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
As the mental well-being of billions of people is at risk due to the impacts of climate change, more research is required to better understand the psychological implications of climate vulnerability. This research aims to describe the coping strategies of a climate change affected population and the consequences of adaptation behavior.

Method
We conducted 60 qualitative in-depth interviews to elicit the lived experiences of climate-vulnerable men and women in Bhola, Bangladesh. Interviews were analyzed following the tenets of Grounded Theory.

Results
Identified coping strategies included “resignation” or “help-seeking” as well as barriers to coping, such as limited “efficacy,” limited “time,” or “stigma,” which constrained participants — especially women — in their coping behavior.

Conclusion
Our results indicate that certain barriers can lead people to pursue more easily accessible coping strategies, some of which can be interpreted as maladaptive. It is therefore recommended to lift barriers to coping through community-led interventions, such as platforms for sharing problems and knowledge regarding coping strategies.
Prevalence and clinical aspects of os trigonum: a meta-analysis
Authors: Preinl Maciej , Osiowski Aleksander , Stolarz Kacper , Osiowski Maksymilian , Taterra Dominik 
Published: November 2024

AbstractOs trigonum (OT) is one of the most common accessory ossicles in the foot and ankle region. It is believed that OT was first described by Rosenmuller in 1804, but von Bardeleben is the one who coined the nomenclature for this anatomical variation in 1883. The literature indicates that OT is extremely variable in prevalence, with reported rates ranging from 1.7% to 32.5%. In clinical practice, OT is a considerable factor that may predispose patients to posterior ankle impingement syndrome (PAIS). The aim of this study was to provide comprehensive data on the prevalence and anatomical characteristics of OT. We conducted a comprehensive search of the main electronic databases to find the relevant research. Information concerning geographical origin, prevalence, gender distribution, imaging modality, and morphometry of OT was extracted. The PRISMA guidelines were strictly followed throughout the study. The reliability of the included studies was assessed using the AQUA tool. A total of 41 studies (n = 36,612 feet) were included in this meta-analysis. This meta-analysis showed that OT was present in 9.0% (95% CI: 7.4–10.8) of the feet, and was present bilaterally in 32.7% (95% CI: 23.3–43.7) of cases. Regarding the types of imaging modality used in the evaluation of OT by the included studies, prevalence assessed by X-rays was 8.2% (95% CI: 6.8–9.9), MRI was 24.2% (95% CI: 14.6–37.3), CT was 21.0% (95% CI: 12.8–32.5), and cadaveric dissection was 5.0% (95% CI: 3.4–7.4). OT was most commonly found in East Asia (11.0%, 95% CI: 7.1–16.8). Two studies provided enough data to calculate the odds ratio linking PAIS with OT. The analysis showed that patients with PAIS are almost 16 times more likely to have OT compared to those without PAIS (OR = 15.98, 95% CI = 0.255–1002.8). OT is a very common accessory ossicle and is present in nearly one in 10 feet. The highest prevalence is noted in the East Asian population. MRI and CT show the highest prevalence of OT. It is important to keep in mind the possible presence of OT when a patient is diagnosed with PAIS.
Effect of Melamine on the Oxygen Reduction Reaction in the n(111)-(111) Series of Pt3Co
Authors: Kamei Takuro , Nakamura Masashi , Hoshi Nagahiro 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Enhancement of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity is an important subject for the development of fuel cells. In this study, we prepared the n(111)-(111) series of Pt3Co single crystal electrodes using an induction heating furnace and investigated the ORR in 0.1 M HClO4 using the rotation disk electrode (RDE). The specific activity of the ORR (j
k) increased monotonously with increasing terrace width n on the n(111)-(111) series of Pt3Co, showing the highest activity on Pt3Co(111). The value of j
k of Pt3Co(111) was 59-fold higher than that of Pt(111) at 0.95 V(RHE). This trend was different from those of the same series of Pt, Pt3Co, and Pt3Ni reported previously. Furthermore, the ORR activity was improved on all electrodes by adding melamine to the electrolytic solution. Melamine was preferentially adsorbed at the terrace edge. Pt3Co(553) n = 5 showed the highest activity. The values of j
k at 0.95 V(RHE) were 23- and 3.3-fold higher than those of Pt(553) n = 5 and Pt3Co(553) n = 5 without melamine modification, respectively. The durability of Pt3Co(553) n = 5 with melamine was improved 8.0-fold.

Graphical Abstract
Nanoparticles in the battle against Candida auris biofilms: current advances and future prospects
Authors: Fayed Bahgat 
Published: November 2024

AbstractCandida auris has emerged as a significant global health threat due to its multidrug resistance and ability to form robust biofilms, particularly on medical devices and hospital surfaces. Biofilms protect C. auris from antifungal treatments and the host immune response, making infections persistent and difficult to control. This review explores the potential of nanoparticles to overcome the limitations of traditional antifungal therapies in combating C. auris biofilms. Nanoparticles, with their unique physicochemical properties, offer promising strategies to penetrate biofilm matrices, deliver antifungal agents, and disrupt biofilm structure. Various types of nanoparticles, including metallic, polymeric, lipid-based, and cyclodextrin-based, demonstrate enhanced biofilm penetration and antifungal activity. Their ability to generate reactive oxygen species, disrupt cell adhesion, and release antifungals in a controlled manner makes them ideal candidates for biofilm-targeted therapies. This review presents the current advancements in nanoparticle-based solutions, emphasizing the need for further research into their mechanisms of action, safety, and clinical application. By addressing the challenge of C. auris biofilms specifically, this review provides a critical synthesis of existing knowledge and identifies future directions for developing effective antifungal therapies using nanotechnology.
Graphical abstract