bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optically Graded Ultra Dark Absorber for Visible and Near-infrared Wavelength Range
Authors: Agnihotri Prabhat K. , Ghai Viney , Singh Harpreet 
Published: August 2018

AbstractNear perfect absorbers find application in many areas including solar cells, energy harvesting and antireflection coatings for space applications. Here we report the use of optical gradation concept to fabricate a near perfect absorber on etched Si wafer. As a proof of concept, 99.4% absorption is achieved in the broad range of 300 nm to 2000 nm. Moreover, absorption capacity of optically graded surface remains higher than 99% up to beam incident angle of 50°. While carbon nanotubes (index ~1.1) are used as top layer, subsequent layers with increasing optical index across the thickness are chosen so as to satisfy zero reflection condition on multilayered assembly. Inward bending of incident beam and total internal reflection of reflected beam caused due to optical index gradient contributes to absorb the incident beam more efficiently. In addition, multiple scattering of incident beam due to the presence of multiscale feature size in graded assembly helps to absorb shorter as well as longer wavelengths of incident light. The graded assembly shows contact angle of 160° with roll-off angle equal to 5° implying that the graded absorber is not only super black but also superhydrophobic and self-cleaning in nature. The combination of properties shown by the super absorber makes it very attractive, especially for next generation solar cells to harness energy in the wavelength range of 1000 nm to 2000 nm.
Ectopic expression of mutated type 2C protein phosphatase OsABI-LIKE2 decreases abscisic acid sensitivity in Arabidopsis and rice
Authors: Endo Akira , Egawa Chika , Oohashi Mihoko , Meguro-Maoka Ayano , Shimosaka Etsuo , Sato Yutaka 
Published: August 2018

AbstractAbscisic acid (ABA) is a phytohormone that is necessary for stress adaptation. Recent studies have reported that attenuated levels of ABA improved grain yield and seedling growth under low temperature in cereals. To improve plant growth under low temperature, we attempted to generate ABA-insensitive transgenic rice by expressing a clade A type 2C protein phosphatase (OsPP2C), OsABIL2, with or without the mutation equivalent to the Arabidopsis abi1-1 mutation. A yeast two-hybrid assay revealed that the interaction between OsABIL2 and a putative rice ABA receptor, OsPYL1, was ABA-dependent, and the interaction was lost with amino acid substitution from glycine to aspartic acid at the 183rd amino acid of the OsABIL2 protein, corresponding to abi1-1 mutation. The constitutive expression of OsABIL2 or OsABIL2G183D in Arabidopsis or rice decreased ABA sensitivity to differing degrees. Moreover, the transgenic rice expressing OsABIL2G183D exhibited improved seedling growth under low temperature, although the transgenic lines showed unfavorable traits, such as viviparous germination and elongated internodes. These results indicated that the introduction of abi1-1 type dominant mutation was also effective in OsABIL2 at decreasing ABA sensitivity in plants, and the attenuation of ABA sensitivity could be an alternative parameter to improve rice performance under low temperatures.
Comparison of microbiomes of cold-water corals Primnoa pacifica and Primnoa resedaeformis, with possible link between microbiome composition and host genotype
Authors: Goldsmith Dawn B. , Kellogg Christina A. , Morrison Cheryl L. , Gray Michael A. , Stone Robert P. , Waller Rhian G. , Brooke Sandra D. , Ross Steve W. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractCold-water corals provide critical habitats for a multitude of marine species, but are understudied relative to tropical corals. Primnoa pacifica is a cold-water coral prevalent throughout Alaskan waters, while another species in the genus, Primnoa resedaeformis, is widely distributed in the Atlantic Ocean. This study examined the V4-V5 region of the 16S rRNA gene after amplifying and pyrosequencing bacterial DNA from samples of these species. Key differences between the two species’ microbiomes included a robust presence of bacteria belonging to the Chlamydiales order in most of the P. pacifica samples, whereas no more than 2% of any microbial community from P. resedaeformis comprised these bacteria. Microbiomes of P. resedaeformis exhibited higher diversity than those of P. pacifica, and the two species largely clustered separately in a principal coordinate analysis. Comparison of P. resedaeformis microbiomes from samples collected in two submarine canyons revealed a significant difference between locations. This finding mirrored significant genetic differences among the P. resedaeformis from the two canyons based upon population genetic analysis of microsatellite loci. This study presents the first report of microbiomes associated with these two coral species.
Transition metal doped Sb@SnO2 nanoparticles for photochemical and electrochemical oxidation of cysteine
Authors: Kim Yeonwoo , Yang Sena , Kang Yeji , Kim Byung-Kwon , Lee Hangil 
Published: August 2018

AbstractTransition metal-doped SnO2 nanoparticles (TM-SnO2) were synthesized by applying a thermos-synthesis method, which first involved doping SnO2 with Sb and then with transition metals (TM = Cr, Mn, Fe, or Co) of various concentrations to enhance a catalytic effect of SnO2. The doped particles were then analyzed by using various surface analysis techniques such as transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning transmission X-ray microscopy (STXM), and high-resolution photoemission spectroscopy (HRPES). We evaluated the catalytic effects of these doped particles on the oxidation of L-cysteine (Cys) in aqueous solution by taking electrochemical measurements and on the photocatalytic oxidation of Cys by using HRPES under UV illumination. Through the spectral analysis, we found that the Cr- and Mn-doped SnO2 nanoparticles exhibit enhanced catalytic activities, which according to the various surface analyses were due to the effects of the sizes of the particles and electronegativity differences between the dopant metal and SnO2.
The utility of delta neutrophil index in differentiation of pulmonary tuberculosis from community acquired pneumonia
Authors: Jhun Byung Woo , Sim Yun Su , Shin Tae Rim , Kim Dong-Gyu 
Published: August 2018

AbstractNo data exist on the usefulness of the delta neutrophil index (DNI) to discriminate pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) from community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). We performed a retrospective cohort study involving patients with PTB (n = 62) and CAP (n = 215), and compared their initial DNI levels. The median DNI values were 0% (interquartile ranges [IQR] 0–0.2%) and 1.6% (IQR 0.7–2.9%) in PTB and CAP, respectively, which was significantly lower in PTB patients (P < 0.001). Sixty-nine percent of patients with PTB had DNI value of 0%; however, only 15% of patients with CAP had 0% DNI. The discriminatory power of the DNI for diagnosing PTB was high with 89% sensitivity and 67% specificity at a DNI cut-off ≤ 1.0% (area under the curve, 0.852). The diagnostic sensitivity and negative predictive value (NPV) for PTB were 89% (55/62) and 95% (145/152) at the DNI cut-off ≤ 1.0%, respectively, and in multivariate analyses after adjusting for other factors (smoking, no fever, upper lobe involvement), DNI ≤ 1.0% remained significant (odds ratio, 15.265; P < 0.001). We demonstrated that the DNI was lower in PTB compared with CAP, and an initially elevated DNI (>1.0%) may be useful to rule out the possibility of PTB due to its high NPV.
Bibliographical references: From publishers to SIMBAD
Authors: Delacour Thomas , Lesteven Soizick , Landais Gilles , Eisele Aline , Neuville Magali , Son Evelyne , Vonflie Philippe 
Published: August 2018

The SIMBAD astronomical database hosted by the CDS provides basic data, cross-identifications, bibliography and measurements for astronomical objects outside the solar system.
The CDS receives the bibliographic meta-data of the articles published in the main astronomical journals directly from the publishers. How we receive the data and their format vary from one publisher to the next. These data are first extracted and stored in files with a standardised format. Then, to avoid errors or misprints, we perform different tests on these data:
- Author names are compared to a reference list maintained at CDS, and the keywords are compared with the AAS list
- Astronomical objects are verified by checking their name in the SIMBAD database
- A completion test checks that all of articles of a journal volume are present
The next step identifies whether an astronomical object appears inside a title, a keyword or an abstract, and if so, we add a link to the object in SIMBAD. Once all of the verifications and corrections have been made we add the meta-data into SIMBAD. We also add other information such as the number of different astronomical objects studied in the paper, the presence tables and their links to VizieR, any new acronyms, as well as some comments. New developments are in progress to automatically extract the data from the tables in the articles (that have not been processed by, or provided to VizieR) . In addition, each night automatic checks are executed to list the new data and to test the coherence of these data in SIMBAD.
Parcours en folie : littérature et psychiatrie
Authors: Raymond Serge G. 
Published: August 2018

Lors de cette intervention au séminaire de psychopathologie clinique, organisé par le psychiatre Evelyne Hechner et le psychologue Olivier Douville au CHS de Ville Évrard, consacré à “Littérature et psychiatrie : soigner oui… mais pas sans littérature”, l’intervenant se demande ce que l’on sait, aujourd’hui, du destin des enfants nés du ventre des femmes tondues (encore appelées « collaboratrices de sexe » par la réglementation) et précise la nature des liens établis avec les occupants. Il retrace le destin de l’un de ces enfants, Emma Santos, jeune femme devenue écrivaine par nécessité, pour sa survie. Cette dernière vie aux prises avec la stigmatisation de ses parents (un couple franco-allemand), et aux prises avec les mouvements féministes d’alors comme le procès contre le viol de Bobigny, le procès en faveur de l’avortement de Perpignan, et le différend entre F. Giroud et S. Veil (loi Veil en 1975) où la petite histoire a donné naissance à la grande. Tous ces éléments font de cette femme une résistante qui a su utiliser sa folie et recourir à la psychiatrie pour en défendre le statut. Emma Santos se déclare littéromane et nous dit, par la voix de ses huit ouvrages ainsi que par ses représentations théâtrales, qu’elle est contenue par la folie, et que cette dernière est de la littérature même. Comment ne pas interroger la dimension politique de la psychiatrie ? L’auteur s’efforce de répondre à cette question avec tact.
From Global Health Challenges to Community-Based and Individual Psychosocial Intervention Strategies
Authors: Mehnert Anja , Glaesmer Heide , Geyer Siegfried 
Published: August 2018

Liebe Kolleginnen und Kollegen,wir freuen uns, Sie im Namen beider Fachgesellschaften und des Leipziger Kongressteams zur gemeinsamen Jahrestagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Medizinische Psychologie (DGMP) und der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Medizinische Soziologie (DGMS) einzuladen, die vom 26. bis 28. September 2018 auf dem Campus der Universität Leipzig stattfindet (www.dgmp-dgms-2018.de).
Aktualisierte S3-Leitlinie der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Gastroenterologie, Verdauungs- und Stoffwechselkrankheiten (DGVS) und der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Allgemein- und Viszeralchirurgie (DGAV) zur Prävention, Diagnostik und Behandlung von Gallensteinen
Authors: Gutt Carsten , Jenssen Christian , Barreiros Ana-Paula , Götze Thorsten , Stokes Caroline , Jansen Petra , Neubrand Michael , Lammert Frank ,   für die Teilnehmer der Konsensuskonferenz,   Deutsche Gesellschaft für Innere Medizin e.V. (DGIM),   Österreichische Gesellschaft für Gastroenterologie und Hepatologie (ÖGGH),   Schweizer Gesellschaft für Gastroenterologie (SGH),   Gesellschaft für Humangenetik (GfH),   Deutsche Gesellschaft für Ultraschall in der Medizin (DEGUM),   Deutsche Gesellschaft für Chirurgie (DGCH),   Institut für Qualitätssicherung und Transparenz im Gesundheitswesen (IQTIG; beratende Funktion ohne Stimmrecht),   Deutsche Arbeitsgemeinschaft zum Studium der Leber (GASL),   Deutsche Röntgengesellschaft (DRG),   Deutsche Leberhilfe e. V.
Published: August 2018

ZusammenfassungDie Leitlinie zur Prävention, Diagnostik und Therapie von Gallensteinen aktualisiert die Leitlinie der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Gastroenterologie, Verdauungs- und Stoffwechselkrankheiten und der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Allgemein- und Viszeralchirurgie aus dem Jahr 2007. Die Leitlinie wurde interdisziplinär von Gastroenterologen und Chirurgen erstellt. Sie basiert auf den Empfehlungen der Arbeitsgemeinschaft der Wissenschaftlichen Medizinischen Fachgesellschaften für eine systematische evidenzbasierte Konsensus-Leitlinie der Entwicklungsstufe S3 und berücksichtigt die klinische Anwendbarkeit der Studienergebnisse. Zudem werden Präventionsmöglichkeiten beschrieben, Qualitätsindikatoren definiert, ökonomische Auswirkungen berücksichtigt und Vorschläge zur sektorenübergreifenden Behandlung von Patienten mit Gallensteinerkrankungen formuliert.
Hepatopathie bei systemischem Lupus erythematodes – Ergebnisse einer explorativen Beobachtungsstudie
Authors: Kübel Dorothee , Tiller Maximilian , Mühling Tobias , Sohn Maximilian , Vallbracht Inka , Waschulzik Birgit , Schepp Wolfgang , Gundling Felix 
Published: August 2018

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Der systemische Lupus erythematodes (SLE) stellt eine klinisch sehr variabel verlaufende Autoimmunerkrankung dar, welche zahlreiche Organsysteme befallen kann. Eine Manifestation an der Leber gilt als selten. Unklar ist insbesondere, ob eine Hepatopathie bei SLE von prognostischer Bedeutung ist und z. B. mit der Aktivität der Erkrankung korreliert.
Methodik Unser Patientenkollektiv umfasste 172 Patienten mit gesichertem SLE, welche am Klinikum Bogenhausen im Zeitraum 01.01.2009 bis 31.12.2015 behandelt wurden. Ausgewertet wurden retrospektiv alle ambulanten und/oder stationären Patientenvorstellungen (n = 671; durchschnittlich 3,9 pro Patient). Eine Leberschädigung wurde laborchemisch anhand von pathologischen Leberenzymprofilen oder bildgebend diagnostiziert. Die Krankheitsaktivität des SLE wurde anhand des European Consensus Lupus Activity Measurement (ECLAM)-Score ermittelt. Zusätzlich wurden Parameter der Grunderkrankung wie Krankheitsdauer, Organschädigung sowie immunsuppressive Medikation ausgewertet und die mögliche Assoziation mit einer Hepatopathie analysiert.
Ergebnisse Erhöhte Leberwerte (ASAT, ALAT, GGT, AP) als Ausdruck einer Hepatopathie waren bei 109 Patienten (63,4 % der Gesamtpopulation) nachweisbar und waren signifikant mit Krankheitsaktivität (auf der Basis des ECLAM-Score, p < 0,001), Behandlungsdauer, Häufigkeit der Vorstellungen (jeweils p < 0,01), Anzahl der eingesetzten Immunsuppressiva (p < 0,018), erhöhter Blutsenkungsgeschwindigkeit (p < 0,001) sowie Erniedrigung des Serumkomplements (p < 0,03) assoziiert. Pathologische Sonografiebefunde an der Leber (z. B. nicht-alkoholische Fettleber) waren in 19,8 % der Fälle nachweisbar.
Diskussion Erhöhte Leberwerte kommen bei Patienten mit SLE sehr häufig vor, insbesondere bei erhöhter Krankheitsaktivität (basierend auf ECLAM-Score oder intensivierter immunsuppressiver Therapie) und längerer Erkrankungsdauer. Leberwertbestimmungen sollten daher bei Patienten mit SLE regelmäßig erfolgen und eine weitere differenzialdiagnostische Abklärung angestrebt werden. Zukünftige prospektive Studien könnten klären, ob pathologische Leberwerte in Aktivitätsindizes zur Beurteilung der Krankheitsaktivität bei SLE einbezogen werden müssen.
Differences in neural stem cell identity and differentiation capacity drive divergent regenerative outcomes in lizards and salamanders
Authors: Sun Aaron X. , Londono Ricardo , Hudnall Megan L. , Tuan Rocky S. , Lozito Thomas P. 
Published: August 2018

SignificanceThe evolutionary changes behind the loss in regenerative potential from salamanders to mammals remain largely elusive. Lizards, representing an intermediary species between the two, possess a limited ability to regenerate their tails. Here, we probe the mechanisms behind the differing regenerative patterns between lizards and salamanders, and we find that neural stem cells within the regenerated spinal cords are distinct cell populations that regulate divergent tail regeneration patterns. This finding sheds light on the factors that govern regenerative ability as well as the loss of this capability and brings us one step closer to eventually elucidating strategies to allow for mammalian regeneration.
Interleukin 4 is inactivated via selective disulfide-bond reduction by extracellular thioredoxin
Authors: Plugis Nicholas M. , Weng Nielson , Zhao Qinglan , Palanski Brad A. , Maecker Holden T. , Habtezion Aida , Khosla Chaitan 
Published: August 2018

Significance
Macrophages are important regulators of the immune system. They display remarkable phenotypic plasticity in response to environmental cues. Classical macrophage activation occurs in response to inflammatory signals, whereas alternative macrophage activation results from exposure to IL-4 and/or IL-13. The mechanistic basis for differential regulation of macrophages by IL-4 and IL-13 remains poorly understood. We show through in vitro and in vivo experiments that thioredoxin 1, a redox protein cofactor, preferentially inactivates IL-4 over IL-13, by reduction of a specific disulfide bond. As extracellular levels of thioredoxin are elevated in many pathological conditions, our results highlight a novel pharmacologically promising immunomodulatory mechanism.
Biophysical and functional characterization of Norrin signaling through Frizzled4
Authors: Bang Injin , Kim Hee Ryung , Beaven Andrew H. , Kim Jinuk , Ko Seung-Bum , Lee Gyu Rie , Kan Wei , Lee Hasup , Im Wonpil , Seok Chaok , Chung Ka Young , Choi Hee-Jung 
Published: August 2018

Significance
Wnt signaling has a broad spectrum of effects on cellular physiology and diseases like cancer. Much of the specificity and regulation mechanism of the Frizzled (Fzd) family, the main receptor of the Wnt pathway, remains elusive, but exploiting the activation mechanism of Fzd is pivotal to understanding the Wnt signaling pathway. Here, by using biophysical and biochemical techniques, we identify the key conformational changes that occur as the Norrin ligand binds to Fzd4, and we show the functional implications of the involved regions. We also reveal that the linker region plays an important role in communicating ligand binding with cytoplasmic signaling. Our observations offer insight into the activation mechanism of the Fzd family and the regulation of the Wnt signaling pathway.
Longer‐term effects of minimalist shoes on running performance, strength and bone density: A 20‐week follow‐up study*
Authors: Fuller Joel T. , Thewlis Dominic , Tsiros Margarita D. , Brown Nicholas A. T. , Hamill Joseph , Buckley Jonathan D. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThis study investigated whether male runners improve running performance, running economy, ankle plantar flexor strength, and alter running biomechanics and lower limb bone mineral density when gradually transitioning to using minimalist shoes for 100% of weekly running. The study was a planned follow‐up of runners (n = 50) who transitioned to minimalist or conventional shoes for 35% of weekly structured training in a previous 6‐week randomised controlled trial. In that trial, running performance and economy improved more with minimalist shoes than conventional shoes. Runners in each group were instructed to continue running in their allocated shoe during their own preferred training programme for a further 20 weeks while increasing allocated shoe use to 100% of weekly training. At the 20‐week follow‐up, minimalist shoes did not affect performance (effect size: 0.19; p = 0.218), running economy (effect size: ≤ 0.24; p ≥ 0.388), stride rate or length (effect size: ≤ 0.12; p ≥ 0.550), foot strike (effect size: ≤ 0.25; p ≥ 0.366), or bone mineral density (effect size: ≤ 0.40; p ≥ 0.319). Minimalist shoes increased plantar flexor strength more than conventional shoes when runners trained with greater mean weekly training distances (shoe*distance interaction: p = 0.036). After greater improvements with minimalist shoes during the initial six weeks of a structured training programme, increasing minimalist shoe use from 35% to 100% over 20 weeks, when runners use their own preferred training programme, did not further improve performance, running economy or alter running biomechanics and lower limb bone mineral density. Minimalist shoes improved plantar flexor strength more than conventional shoes in runners with greater weekly training distances.
Bioinformatic analysis of endogenous and exogenous small RNAs on lipoproteins
Authors: Allen Ryan M. , Zhao Shilin , Ramirez Solano Marisol A. , Zhu Wanying , Michell Danielle L. , Wang Yuhuan , Shyr Yu , Sethupathy Praveen , Linton MacRae F. , Graf Gregory A. , Sheng Quanhu , Vickers Kasey C. 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACTTo comprehensively study extracellular small RNAs (sRNA) by sequencing (sRNA‐seq), we developed a novel pipeline to overcome current limitations in analysis entitled, “Tools for Integrative Genome analysis of Extracellular sRNAs (TIGER)”. To demonstrate the power of this tool, sRNA‐seq was performed on mouse lipoproteins, bile, urine and livers. A key advance for the TIGER pipeline is the ability to analyse both host and non‐host sRNAs at genomic, parent RNA and individual fragment levels. TIGER was able to identify approximately 60% of sRNAs on lipoproteins and >85% of sRNAs in liver, bile and urine, a significant advance compared to existing software. Moreover, TIGER facilitated the comparison of lipoprotein sRNA signatures to disparate sample types at each level using hierarchical clustering, correlations, beta‐dispersions, principal coordinate analysis and permutational multivariate analysis of variance. TIGER analysis was also used to quantify distinct features of exRNAs, including 5ʹ miRNA variants, 3ʹ miRNA non‐templated additions and parent RNA positional coverage. Results suggest that the majority of sRNAs on lipoproteins are non‐host sRNAs derived from bacterial sources in the microbiome and environment, specifically rRNA‐derived sRNAs from Proteobacteria. Collectively, TIGER facilitated novel discoveries of lipoprotein and biofluid sRNAs and has tremendous applicability for the field of extracellular RNA.