bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
GCY-35/GCY-36—TAX-2/TAX-4 Signalling in O2 Sensory Neurons Mediates Acute Functional Ethanol Tolerance in Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Chen Yuan-Hua , Ge Chang-Li , Wang Hong , Ge Ming-Hai , He Qing-Qin , Zhang Yu , Tian Wei , Wu Zheng-Xing 
Published: February 2018

AbstractEthanol is a widely used beverage and abused drug. Alcoholism causes severe damage to human health and creates serious social problems. Understanding the mechanisms underlying ethanol actions is important for the development of effective therapies. Alcohol has a wide spectrum of effects on physiological activities and behaviours, from sensitization to sedation and even intoxication with increasing concentrations. Animals develop tolerance to ethanol. However, the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. In Caenorhabditis elegans, NPR-1 negatively regulates the development of acute tolerance to ethanol. Here, using in vivo Ca2+ imaging, behavioural tests and chemogenetic manipulation, we show that the soluble guanylate cyclase complex GCY-35/GCY-36—TAX-2/TAX-4 signalling pathway in O2 sensory neurons positively regulates acute functional tolerance in npr-1 worms.
Inactivation of TRPM7 kinase in mice results in enlarged spleens, reduced T-cell proliferation and diminished store-operated calcium entry
Authors: Beesetty Pavani , Wieczerzak Krystyna B. , Gibson Jennifer N. , Kaitsuka Taku , Luu Charles Tuan , Matsushita Masayuki , Kozak J. Ashot 
Published: February 2018

AbstractT lymphocytes enlarge (blast) and proliferate in response to antigens in a multistep program that involves obligatory cytosolic calcium elevations. Store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) pathway is the primary source of Ca2+in these cells. Here, we describe a novel modulator of blastogenesis, proliferation and SOCE: the TRPM7 channel kinase. TRPM7 kinase-dead (KD) K1646R knock-in mice exhibited splenomegaly and impaired blastogenic responses elicited by PMA/ionomycin or anti-CD3/CD28 antibodies. Splenic T-cell proliferationin vitrowas weaker in the mutant compared to wildtype littermates. TRPM7 current magnitudes in WT and KD mouse T cells were, however, similar. We tested the dependence of T-cell proliferation on external Ca2+and Mg2+concentrations. At a fixed [Mg2+o] of ~0.4 mM, Ca2+ostimulated proliferation with a steep concentration dependence and vice versa, at a fixed [Ca2+o] of ~0.4 mM, Mg2+opositively regulated proliferation but with a shallower dependence. Proliferation was significantly lower in KD mouse than in wildtype at all Ca2+and Mg2+concentrations. Ca2+elevations elicited by anti-CD3 antibody were diminished in KD mutant T cells and SOCE measured in activated KD splenocytes was reduced. These results demonstrate that a functional TRPM7 kinase supports robust SOCE, blastogenesis and proliferation, whereas its inactivation suppresses these cellular events.
Tuning piezoelectric properties through epitaxy of La2Ti2O7 and related thin films
Authors: Kaspar Tiffany C. , Hong Seungbum , Bowden Mark E. , Varga Tamas , Yan Pengfei , Wang Chongmin , Spurgeon Steven R. , Comes Ryan B. , Ramuhalli Pradeep , Henager Charles H. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractCurrent piezoelectric sensors and actuators are limited to operating temperatures less than ~200 °C due to the low Curie temperature of the piezoelectric material. Strengthening the piezoelectric coupling of high-temperature piezoelectric materials, such as La2Ti2O7(LTO), would allow sensors to operate across a broad temperature range. The crystalline orientation and piezoelectric coupling direction of LTO thin films can be controlled by epitaxial matching to SrTiO3(001), SrTiO3(110), and rutile TiO2(110) substrates via pulsed laser deposition. The structure and phase purity of the films are investigated by x-ray diffraction and scanning transmission electron microscopy. Piezoresponse force microscopy is used to measure the in-plane and out-of-plane piezoelectric coupling in the films. The strength of the out-of-plane piezoelectric coupling can be increased when the piezoelectric direction is rotated partially out-of-plane via epitaxy. The strongest out-of-plane coupling is observed for LTO/STO(001). Deposition on TiO2(110) results in epitaxial La2/3TiO3, an orthorhombic perovskite of interest as a microwave dielectric material and an ion conductor. La2/3TiO3can be difficult to stabilize in bulk form, and epitaxial stabilization on TiO2(110) is a promising route to realize La2/3TiO3for both fundamental studies and device applications. Overall, these results confirm that control of the crystalline orientation of epitaxial LTO-based materials can govern the resulting functional properties.
Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic correlations in the development of ginger extract as an anticancer agent
Authors: Mukkavilli Rao , Yang Chunhua , Tanwar Reenu Singh , Saxena Roopali , Gundala Sushma R. , Zhang Yingyi , Ghareeb Ahmed , Floyd Stephan D. , Vangala Subrahmanyam , Kuo Wei-Wen , Rida Padmashree C. G. , Aneja Ritu 
Published: February 2018

AbstractAnticancer efficacy of ginger phenolics (GPs) has been demonstrated in various in vitro assays and xenograft mouse models. However, only sub-therapeutic plasma concentrations of GPs were detected in human and mouse pharmacokinetic (PK) studies. Intriguingly, a significant portion of GPs occurred as phase II metabolites (mainly glucuronide conjugates) in plasma. To evaluate the disposition of GPs and understand the real players responsible for efficacy, we performed a PK and tissue distribution study in mice. Plasma exposure of GPs was similar on day 1 and 7, suggesting no induction or inhibition of clearance pathways. Both free and conjugated GPs accumulated in all tissues including tumors. While non-cytotoxicity of 6-ginerol glucuronide precluded the role of conjugated GPs in cell death, the free forms were cytotoxic against prostate cancer cells. The efficacy of ginger was best explained by the reconversion of conjugated GPs to free forms by β-glucuronidase, which is over-expressed in the tumor tissue. This previously unrecognized two-step process suggests an instantaneous conversion of ingested free GPs into conjugated forms, followed by their subsequent absorption into systemic circulation and reconversion into free forms. This proposed model uncovers the mechanistic underpinnings of ginger’s anticancer activity despite sub-therapeutic levels of free GPs in the plasma.
A Study on Curing Kinetics of Nano-Phase Modified Epoxy Resin
Authors: Ma Hailing , Zhang Xin , Ju Feifei , Tsai Sang-Bing 
Published: February 2018

AbstractIn this paper, DSC curves at different heating rates were measured by DSC, the characteristic curing temperature was determined, and the optimum curing conditions were obtained. The KAS method, Friedman method and FWO method were used to analyze the DSC curves respectively. The kinetic parameters and the reaction mechanism function of the curing system were obtained, and the results of different analytical methods were compared and analyzed. Result from fitting and verification of the curing kinetic model for the curing system of the nano-phase modified epoxy resin further demonstrates that the nano-particle could play a catalytic role in the curing reaction of the epoxy resin and could reduce the apparent activation energy of the system, thus it is considered as a breakthrough in the field of resin research.
The effect of Clostridium butyricum on symptoms and fecal microbiota in diarrhea-dominant irritable bowel syndrome: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Sun Yi-Yuan , Li Ming , Li Yue-Yue , Li Li-Xiang , Zhai Wen-Zhe , Wang Peng , Yang Xiao-Xiao , Gu Xiang , Song Li-Jin , Li Zhen , Zuo Xiu-Li , Li Yan-Qing 
Published: February 2018

AbstractIrritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common disorder in gastrointestinal system and impairs the quality of life of the patients. Clostridium butyricum (CB) is a probiotics that has been used in several gastrointestinal diseases. The efficacy of CB in treating IBS is still unknown. This prospective, multi-centre, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of CB in treating diarrhea-predominant IBS (IBS-D) and analyze the fecal microbiota after treatment. Two hundred patients with IBS-D were recruited and were given CB or placebo for 4 weeks. End points included change from baseline in IBS symptoms, quality of life, stool consistency and frequency. Compared with placebo, CB is effective in improving the overall IBS-D symptoms (−62.12 ± 74.00 vs. −40.74 ± 63.67, P = 0.038) as well as quality of life (7.232 ± 14.06 vs. 3.159 ± 11.73, P = 0.032) and stool frequency (−1.602 ± 1.416 vs. −1.086 ± 1.644, P = 0.035). The responder rates are found higher in CB compared with the placebo (44.76% vs. 30.53%, P = 0.042). The change in fecal microbiota was analyzed and function pathways of CB in treating IBS-D were predicted. In conclusion, CB improves overall symptoms, quality of life and stool frequency in IBS-D patients and is considered to be used as a probiotics in treating IBS-D clinically.
Promising Biomarkers of Environmental Enteric Dysfunction: A Prospective Cohort study in Pakistani Children
Authors: Iqbal Najeeha Talat , Sadiq Kamran , Syed Sana , Akhund Tauseefullah , Umrani Fayyaz , Ahmed Sheraz , Yakoob Mohammad Yawar , Rahman Najeeb , Qureshi Shahida , Xin Wenjun , Ma Jennie Z. , Hughes Molly , Ali Syed Asad 
Published: February 2018

AbstractEnvironmental Enteric Dysfunction (EED), a syndrome characterized by chronic gut inflammation, contributes towards stunting and poor response to enteric vaccines in children in developing countries. In this study, we evaluated major putative biomarkers of EED using growth faltering as its clinical proxy. Newborns (n = 380) were enrolled and followed till 18 months with monthly anthropometry. Biomarkers associated with gut and systemic inflammation were assessed at 6 and 9 months. Linear mixed effects model was used to determine the associations of these biomarkers with growth faltering between birth and 18 months. Fecal myeloperoxidase (neutrophil activation marker) at 6 months [β = −0.207, p = 0.005], and serum GLP 2 (enterocyte proliferation marker) at 6 and 9 months [6M: β = −0.271, p = 0.035; 9M: β = −0.267, p = 0.045] were associated with decreasing LAZ score. Ferritin at 6 and 9 months was associated with decreasing LAZ score [6M: β = −0.882, p < 0.0001; 9M: β = −0.714, p < 0.0001] and so was CRP [β = −0.451, p = 0.039] and AGP [β = −0.443, p = 0.012] at 9 months. Both gut specific and systemic biomarkers correlated negatively with IGF-1, but only weakly correlated, if at all with each other. We therefore conclude that EED may be contributing directly towards growth faltering, and this pathway is not entirely through the pathway of systemic inflammation.
Proximity of breeding and foraging areas affects foraging effort of a crepuscular, insectivorous bird
Authors: Evens Ruben , Beenaerts Natalie , Neyens Thomas , Witters Nele , Smeets Karen , Artois Tom 
Published: February 2018

AbstractWhen complementary resources are required for an optimal life cycle, most animals need to move between different habitats. However, the level of connectivity between resources can vary and, hence, influence individuals’ behaviour. We show that landscape composition and configuration affect the connectivity between breeding (heathlands) and foraging habitats (extensively-grazed grasslands) of the European Nightjar (Caprimulgus europaeus), a crepuscular insectivorous bird. On a daily basis, nightjars connect breeding and foraging sites by rapidly crossing unsuitable habitats in order to exploit a higher prey biomass in foraging sites. However, low availability of foraging habitat near breeding sites and clustered landscapes greatly increase foraging distance. Birds occupying these sub-optimal breeding areas compensate for longer travels by increasing foraging duration, and their physiology shows increased stress levels. All findings suggest that landscape heterogeneity can affect population dynamics of nightjars. Therefore, we recommend an integrated management approach for this EU-protected bird species.
Knotty protostellar jets as a signature of episodic protostellar accretion?
Authors: Vorobyov Eduard I. , Elbakyan Vardan G. , Plunkett Adele L. , Dunham Michael M. , Audard Marc , Guedel Manuel , Dionatos Odysseas 
Published: February 2018

Aims. We aim to study the causal link between the knotty jet structure in CARMA 7, a young Class 0 protostar in the Serpens South cluster, and episodic accretion in young protostellar disks.
Methods. We used numerical hydrodynamics simulations to derive the protostellar accretion history in gravitationally unstable disks around solar-mass protostars. We compared the time spacing between luminosity bursts Δτmod, caused by dense clumps spiralling on the protostar, with the differences of dynamical timescales between the knots Δτobs in CARMA 7.
Results. We found that the time spacing between the bursts have a bi-modal distribution caused by isolated and clustered luminosity bursts. The former are characterized by long quiescent periods between the bursts with Δτmod = a few × (103–104) yr, whereas the latter occur in small groups with time spacing between the bursts Δτmod = a few × (10–102) yr. For the clustered bursts, the distribution of Δτmod in our models can be fit reasonably well to the distribution of Δτobs in the protostellar jet of CARMA 7, if a certain correction for the (yet unknown) inclination angle with respect to the line of sight is applied. The Kolmogorov–Smirnov test on the model and observational data sets suggests the best-fit values for the inclination angles of 55–80°, which become narrower (75–80°) if only strong luminosity bursts are considered. The dynamical timescales of the knots in the jet of CARMA 7 are too short for a meaningful comparison with the long time spacings between isolated bursts in our models. Moreover, the exact sequences of time spacings between the luminosity bursts in our models and knots in the jet of CARMA 7 were found difficult to match.
Conclusions. Given the short time that has passed since the presumed luminosity bursts (tens to hundreds years), a possible overabundance of the gas-phase CO in the envelope of CARMA 7 compared to what could be expected from the current luminosity may be used to confirm the burst nature of this object. More sophisticated numerical models and observational data on jets with longer dynamical timescales are needed to further explore the possible causal link between luminosity bursts and knotty jets.
Magnetic fields at the onset of high-mass star formation
Authors: Beuther H. , Soler J. D. , Vlemmings W. , Linz H. , Henning Th. , Kuiper R. , Rao R. , Smith R. , Sakai T. , Johnston K. , Walsh A. , Feng S. 
Published: February 2018

Context. The importance of magnetic fields at the onset of star formation related to the early fragmentation and collapse processes is largely unexplored today.
Aims. We want to understand the magnetic field properties at the earliest evolutionary stages of high-mass star formation.
Methods. The Atacama Large Millimeter Array is used at 1.3 mm wavelength in full polarization mode to study the polarized emission, and, using this, the magnetic field morphologies and strengths of the high-mass starless region IRDC 18310-4.
Results. Polarized emission is clearly detected in four sub-cores of the region; in general it shows a smooth distribution, also along elongated cores. Estimating the magnetic field strength via the Davis-Chandrasekhar-Fermi method and following a structure function analysis, we find comparably large magnetic field strengths between ~0.3–5.3 mG. Comparing the data to spectral line observations, the turbulent-to-magnetic energy ratio is low, indicating that turbulence does not significantly contribute to the stability of the gas clump. A mass-to-flux ratio around the critical value 1.0 – depending on column density – indicates that the region starts to collapse, which is consistent with the previous spectral line analysis of the region.
Conclusions. While this high-mass region is collapsing and thus at the verge of star formation, the high magnetic field values and the smooth spatial structure indicate that the magnetic field is important for the fragmentation and collapse process. This single case study can only be the starting point for larger sample studies of magnetic fields at the onset of star formation.
Pregnancy Outcomes after Endometrial Ablation in a Multi-institutional Cohort
Authors: Hackney David , El-Nashar Sherif , Sheyn David , Bauer Alison 
Published: February 2018

Objective The objective of this study was to determine the incidence of morbidly adherent placenta in pregnancies after endometrial ablation.
Study Design We performed a retrospective cohort analysis using a large, multiinstitutional deidentified clinical database, IBM EPM: Explore (IBM Corporation, Somers, NY). We identified women who underwent endometrial ablation and had a subsequent delivery between 1999 and 2016. Patients with a delivery and no prior ablation were used as controls. The association between morbidly adherent placenta, ablation, and other known risk factors for morbidly adherent placenta was analyzed using multivariable logistic regression.
Results Of 162,100 reproductive-aged women who underwent endometrial ablation, 2,770 women (1.71%) subsequently had a delivery. The rate of morbidly adherent placenta was 1 in 13.9 pregnancies after ablation compared with 1 in 838.7 pregnancies in the control group (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 20.22, p < 0.0001).
Conclusion Pregnancies that occurred after endometrial ablation were associated with increased rates of morbidly adherent placenta.
A Prediction Model for Severe Maternal Morbidity in Laboring Patients at Term
Authors: Tuuli Methodius , Stout Molly , Young Omar , Woolfolk Candice , López Julia , Macones George , Cahill Alison , Rosenbloom Joshua 
Published: February 2018

Objective To determine the factors associated with severe maternal morbidity in a modern cohort of women laboring at term and to create a prediction model.
Study Design This is a retrospective cohort study of all term, laboring patients with live births at a single tertiary care center from 2004 to 2014. The primary outcome was composite maternal morbidity including organ failure, amniotic fluid embolism, anesthesia complications, sepsis, shock, thrombotic events, transfusion, or hysterectomy. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify independent risk factors. Antepartum, intrapartum, and combined risk scores were created and test characteristics were analyzed.
Results Among 19,249 women delivering during the study period, 323 (1.68%) patients experienced severe morbidity, with blood transfusion the most common complication (286, 1.49%). Factors in the antepartum model included advanced maternal age, race, hypertension, nulliparity, history of cesarean delivery, smoking, and unfavorable Bishop score. Intrapartum factors included mode of delivery, use of cervical ripening agents or oxytocin, prolonged second stage, and macrosomia. The combined model had an area under the curve of 0.76 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.73, 0.79).
Conclusion This three-part risk scoring system can help clinicians counsel patients and guide clinical decision making for anticipating severe maternal morbidity and necessary resources.
Es geht aufwärts!
Authors: Muesse André , Vehma Stefanie , Brutscher Petra , Eppler Sonja 
Published: February 2018

Zusammenfassung
Vom Liegen, Gehen und der Frage, wo „oben“ ist Zu den Situationen, mit denen sich Pflegende beinahe
täglich konfrontiert sehen, gehört das Abrutschen des Patienten im Bett „nach unten“, also fußwärts, das aus
vielerlei Gründen ungünstig sein kann. Folglich braucht es Kompetenzen aufseiten der Pflegenden, einen
Transfer „nach oben“, also kopfwärts, zu gestalten. Doch trotz der Alltäglichkeit dieses Erfordernisses ist
der Transfer für Pflegende immer wieder eine anspruchsvolle Aufgabe. Dieser Artikel gibt einen Überblick über
das zugrunde liegende Bewegungsmuster, liefert Anregungen zur geeigneten Bewegungsunterstützung und klärt die
Frage, wo eigentlich „oben“ ist.
Erwachsenwerden mal anders
Authors: Regensburger Colette 
Published: February 2018

Zusammenfassung
Erfahrungsbericht Mit acht Jahren brach die Leukämie zum ersten Mal aus, das zweite Mal kurz vor ihrer
Volljährigkeit; beim dritten Mal war sie Anfang 20 und gerade Mutter geworden – wieder suchte sie ihre alte
Klinik auf, in der sie schon als Kind und Jugendliche behandelt worden war. Eindrucksvoll schildert Colette
Regensburger den Verlauf ihrer Erkrankung in den unterschiedlichen Lebensphasen. Ihre Geschichte zeigt, dass
es sich immer lohnt, zu kämpfen.
Umgang mit dem Sterben lernen
Authors: Hülsheger Yvonne , Wicher Lars 
Published: February 2018

Zusammenfassung
LSPP – Leitfaden Stationäre Pädiatrische Palliativversorgung Normalstationen sind in der Regel nicht
besonders erfahren im Umgang mit sterbenden Kindern und deren Angehörigen. Um dennoch den besonderen
Ansprüchen der Familien und ihres sterbenden Kindes gerecht zu werden und als Pflegende Handlungssicherheit zu
erhalten, hat eine Gruppe des SAPV-Teams der Universitätsklinik Münster einen umfassenden Leitfaden
entworfen.
Nur gemeinsam sind wir stark!
Authors: Jendrsczok Ursula 
Published: February 2018

Zusammenfassung
Selbstorganisation Alle Heilberufe haben sie schon seit vielen Jahrzehnten – jetzt haben auch die
Pflegenden endlich die Möglichkeit, eigene Berufskammern zu errichten. Nach dem Start in Rheinland-Pfalz
ziehen nun auch weitere Bundesländer nach. Der Berufsstand der Pflegenden bewegt sich. Der folgende Beitrag
zeigt, welchen Nutzen Pflegekammern für die professionelle Pflege haben und was sie bewirken.
Impact of Depression and Psychosocial Treatment on Heart Rate Variability in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: An Exploratory Analysis Based on the HEIDIS Trial
Authors: Zimmermann-Schlegel Verena , Wild Beate , Nawroth Peter , Kopf Stefan , Herzog Wolfgang , Hartmann Mechthild 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Objectives To explore the impact of depression on heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV) as a marker of autonomic nervous system (ANS) impairment in depressed and non-depressed patients with advanced type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and to explore possible effects of an acceptance- and mindfulness-based group intervention (MBSR) on HR and HRV.
Methods Alongside a prospective clinical trial, we collected demographic, psychosocial and clinical data from 113 chronic T2DM patients in a standardized setting. At baseline and after one year, depressive mood was assessed with the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), and autonomic function was determined by measuring HR and HRV markers. A subsample was randomly assigned to take part in eight MBSR sessions.
Results Of the 113 T2DM patients (77.9% men; mean age=58.8±7.0 years; diabetes duration 11.5±7.0 years), 33 showed clinically relevant depressive symptoms at baseline. In cross-sectional analysis, we found no association between depression and HR/HRV (all comparisons p>0.05). In prospective regression analysis depression did not predict follow-up scores of HRV. The patients who participated in the MBSR intervention showed a tendency toward improved parasympathetic control (RMSSD, CV, E-I-Ratio) with small-to-moderate effect sizes (d≤0.38).
Conclusions Depression was not directly associated with cardiac autonomic control in this sample, but MBSR training may have positively influenced HR and HRV. In advanced diabetes, somatic and behavioral parameters seem to be more predictive than depression for the course of autonomic functioning, but the pathways remain unclear.