bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Las ciudades medias industriales en España. Evolución histórica, proceso de urbanización y estructura urbana / The industrial medium size cities in Spain. Historical evolution, urbanization process and urban structure
Authors: Andrés López Gonzalo 
Published: June 2019

La industria ha explicado en gran medida el desarrollo contemporáneo de las ciudades como agente económico impulsor del empleo y responsable de los grandes cambios sociales en la historia urbana. De acuerdo con esta función, las empresas y las fábricas han desarrollado una influencia decisiva en la configuración de la mayor parte de los espacios urbanos. Esta actividad ha sido también esencial en la evolución de las ciudades medias, con un proceso industrializador más tardío. Laevolución de la industria en la ciudad ha definido en gran medida la forma urbana de las actuales estructuras o, dicho de otro modo, el plano urbano de las ciudades medias españolas tiene una intensa relación con el proceso industrial contemporáneo. Esta contribución plantea una reflexión acerca de cómo se ha producido este proceso en las ciudades medias españolas, analizando la presencia de la industria en cada unade las etapas del proceso urbanizador contemporáneo.L’industrie a largement expliqué le développement contemporain des villes en tant qu’agent économique moteur de l’emploi et responsable des grands changements sociaux survenus dans l’histoire urbaine. Selon cette fonction, les entreprises et les usines ont développé une influence déterminante sur la configuration de la plupart des espaces urbains. Cette activité aégalement joué un rôle essentiel dans l’évolution des villes de taille moyenne, avec un processus d’industrialisation plus tardif. L’évolution de l’industrie de la ville a largement défini la forme urbaine des structures actuelles ou, en d’autres termes, le plan d’urbanisme des villes de taille moyenne en Espagne entretient une relation intense avec le processus industriel contemporain. Cette contribution soulève une réflexion sur la manière dont ce processus s’est déroulé dans les villes moyennes espagnoles, ainsi que sur la présence de l’industrie à chacune des étapes du processus d’urbanisation contemporain.The role of the industry has largely explained the contemporary development of cities as an economic agent for employment and being responsible for the great social changes in urban history. According to this function, companies and factories have developed a decisive influence on the configuration of most urban spaces. This activity has also been essential in the evolution of medium-sized cities, with a later industrialization process. The evolution of the industry in the city has largely defined the urban form of the current structures or, in other words, the urban plan of the Spanish medium cities has an intense relationship with the contemporary industrial process. This contribution raises a reflection about how this process has taken place in the Spanish middle cities, reflecting on the presence of industry in each of the stages of the contemporary urbanization process.
Relevancia de factores socioeconómicos en la convergencia a NIIF: Análisis en Pymes de dos sectores de Villavicencio
Authors: Ruiz Sánchez María del Carmen , Perilla Ruiz Lucila 
Published: June 2019

El propósito del presente artículo consiste en demostrar el estado en el cual se encuentra la aplicación de las Normas Internacionales de Información Financiera (NIIF) en las pequeñas y medianas entidades y su relación con los factores socioeconómicos del orden nacional. La metodología empleada es de carácter cuantitativo de tipo comparativo, con base en informes extraídos del sistema de información y reporte empresarial de la Superintendencia de Sociedades de Colombia y de la aplicación de un cuestionario a 68 contadores encargados de llevar a cabo la implementación en entidades de los sectores agroindustrial y de servicios de la ciudad de Villavicencio. Los resultados se muestran en tres apartados: la caracterización de las entidades, el estado de la implementación y la relevancia de los factores económico y social sobre el proceso. A partir de la aplicación de la prueba no paramétrica chi-cuadrado, fue posible concluir la existencia de variables con un alto grado de significancia en la implementación de estos estándares internacionales, los cuales impactan tanto positiva como negativamente el desarrollo de la convergencia.
TOWARDS BETTER MANAGEMENT OF PRIVATE EDUCATION IN INDONESIA: LESSONS LEARNED FROM MUHAMMADIYAH SCHOOLS
Authors: Fajar Shodiq Sadam , Syamsudin  , Madjid Abd. , Rijalul Alam Naufal Ahmad 
Published: June 2019

Purpose: This study aims to examine problems related to the existing education management in Muhammadiyah schools in Indonesia.
Methodology: The present study is qualitative research, data obtained from observation, interview, and documentation. The results of the study show that Muhammadiyah, one of the private and independent institutions, has engaged in various fields, among which one of them is education. It has more than 4500 elementary, middle, and senior high schools spreading throughout Indonesia. In addition, the situations and conditions of education management at the Muhammadiyah School have different characteristics with public schools run by the government.
Results: The results of the study can be used to increase the quality of education, which directly affects other public schools.
Implications: The present research can help schools to provide the best educational services and produce competent and competitive graduates.
Novelty: This research has focused on the Muhammadiyah Schools, particularly its management and administration approach.
RELATIONSHIP AMONG STUDENTS’ FACING PROBLEM RELATED MATHEMATICS LEARNING AND LESSON
Authors: Nishikawa Tomoko , Izuta Guido 
Published: June 2019

Purpose: The objective of this study is to examine the Japanese junior high school students’ feelings of difficulty in learning mathematics and discuss a possible solution on the ‘Lesson Study’ framework.
Methodology: A survey was performed on 616 students of a public junior high school regarding their feelings towards learning mathematics. The survey was carried out at the end of the academic year 2016 in March, and 182 students (44 first-year, 75 second-year, 63 third-year) participated in the study. In this investigation, only those who answered “No Problem” were further scrutinized by means of conjoint analysis for their anxieties towards the specific learning modules following the education system guidelines and classified as ‘Algebra calculations’, ‘Functions’ and ‘Geometrical figures’. Basically, the analysis consisted of assessing these students’ awareness of ‘being good at’ and ‘being not good at’ one specific module relative to the other modules. Data processing and conjoint analysis were performed with Microsoft Excel.
Main Findings: Roughly 68% of first year students, 77% of second year female students, and 72% of third year female students felt ‘Not Good At’ towards ‘Algebra calculation’ and ‘Functions’, whereas about 95% of second year male students self-assessed themselves as ‘Not Good At’ towards ‘Functions’, and 79% of third year males as ‘Good At’ towards ‘Algebra calculation’. Thus, even though some students declared “No Problem”, they were actually ‘Not Good At’.
Implications: These findings suggest that a class division according to the students’ feelings with ‘Lesson Study’ at the teachers’ level would help struggling students to learn mathematics. In addition, we showed that the use of conjoint analysis-based assessment may help educators and teachers to figure out students’ feelings towards learning mathematics.
Novelty: The use of conjoint analysis to analyze the students’ implicit feelings towards learning mathematics is followed by a discussion on the grounds of ‘Lesson Study’, for which a cycle at the individual level is presented.
CLAIM MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK UNDER FIDIC 2017: CONTRACTOR CLAIM SUBMISSION
Authors: El-Ghrory Ahmed , Bin Tahir Md. Nor Hayati , Binti Ismail Norain 
Published: June 2019

Purpose of the study: The objective of this research is to develop a framework for managing the claim document. The contractual and management issues will be considered in this framework to enhance the Claims Management System (CMS). The framework includes the mechanism of claim submission based on the clauses and procedures of Fédération Internationale Des Ingénieurs Conseils (FIDIC, 2017).
Methodology: Qualitative methodology has been selected for this paper as the topic requires a collection of sensitive information from an experienced professional. The proposed Claims Management (CM) framework is developed on the basis of a study conducted to rank the feature required for CMS. This study has been conducted among 43 experts in CM field working on contractor firm’s category A. Then, the framework was verified by seven experts who participated in the first study.
Main Findings: Eleven features were required for CMS that can enhance contractor claim submission. These factors have different levels of importance. The top three factors are Tracking Claim Status (99.5%), Supporting all types of documents (96.3%), and having a Centralized Database (93.0%). Based on these features, the proposed framework was developed to improve contractor claim submission.
Applications of this study: Applying the proposed framework reduces human efforts in getting documents related to claims by its systematic recording, transparency, reminder feature, contractual guide, user-friendliness, and other features of the system. Moreover, it provides the contractual support pursuant to FIDIC 2017 clauses.
Novelty/Originality of this study: The framework will improve contractor claim submission and the contractor will be satisfied by claim resolution and engineer determination. Side by side, the framework will save about 50% of time consumed by the claims analysts that are usually spent in collecting, screening, and identifying information related to claim event in the project’s documentation.
VALIDATION GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY-FID METHOD FOR ANALYSIS OF ETHANOL CONTENT IN VINEGAR
Authors: Pulungan Indah Noviyanti Ruhmana , Kartosentono Sugijanto , Prawita Amirudin 
Published: June 2019

Production process of vinegar could be synthesized by chemical or microbiological. In Islam, vinegar must not be consumed if contains ethanol ≥ 1%, because it is categorized into khamr. The maximum concentration of vinegar fermentation is 1,0 %. This research was to analyze the alcohol compund that consist in vinegar. The validation method that used in this study are: selectivity, linearity, range, precision, accuracy, LOD and LOQ. The analysis instrument was gas chromatography Agilent 6890 Series GC System, with a Flame Ionization Detector (FID) and a column HP-5 (5% Phenyl 95% Methyl Siloxane), and optimal conditions were obtained by using temperature of inlet and detector of 250°C whilst the temperature of oven programed initially at 40°C, hold for 5 minutes, and raised to 5°C/min to 200°C. were used in this study. For split ratio was achieved at 50:1 and the injection volume was 1.0µl. The methods were proven selective and demonstrated linearity, precision and accuracy with r = 0.9995; 5,63% and 101,25%, respectively. On the other hand, the methods were proven that the sample contains alcohol. Finally, the result of quantitative ethanol contents analysis in vinegar from Saudi Arabia is 2,28.10-2 % v/v; and vinegar brand “x” from market in Surabaya is 1,17.10-2 v/v.
Uji Total Escherichia coli pada Susu Sapi Segar di Koperasi Peternak Sapi Perah (KPSP) Karyo Ngremboko Kecamatan Purwoharjo Kabupaten Banyuwangi
Authors: Pradika Adhitya Yhoga , Chusniati Sri , Purnama Muhammad Thohawi Elziyad , Effendi Mustofa Helmi , Yudhana Aditya , Wibawati Prima Ayu 
Published: June 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur kualitas susu sapi segar yang disetorkan oleh peternak ke Koperasi dan kemudian dihitung jumlah bakteri Escherichia coli yang selanjutnya dibandingkan dengan SNI. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan pada saat peternak mengantarkan susu sapi segar ke koperasi. Sampel yang diambil adalah susu yang ada di dalam milk can yang diambil dengan pipet steril dan juga karet penghisap. Sampel selanjutnya disimpan di dalam botol steril dan dibawa dengan menggunakan coolbox dilengkapi ice gel beku, selanjutnya dilakukan pengujian di Laboratorium. Selanjutnya dilakukan penanaman pada media Lauryl Tryptose Broth (LTB), Escherichia coli Broth (ECB), Levine Eosin Methylen Blue Agar (L-EMBA) dan dilakukan uji biokimia Indole, Methyl Red, Voges Proskauer, Citrate (IMViC) selanjutnya dilakukan pendugaan jumlah bakteri dengan menggunakan Most Probable Number (MPN). Hasil penelitian didapatkan bakteri Escherichia coli yang melebihi standart SNI > 3 APM/g yaitu 5 dari 16 sampel atau 31,25%. Hasil perhitungan berdasarkan MPN, sampel 7 menghasilkan angka 3APM/g, sampel 9 menghasilkan angka 3,6 APM/g, sampel 10 menghasilkan angka 23 APM/g, sampel 13 menghasilkan angka 7,4 APM/g dan sampel 14 menghasilkan angka 3,6 APM/g.
Identifikasi Perkembangan Virus Infectious Bronchitis Isolat Lokal Dan Massachusetts Pada Cairan Allantois TAB Dengan Indirect Fluorescence Antibody Technique
Authors: Aziz Githa Nurma , Suwarno Suwarno , Praja Ratih Novita , Rahmahani Jola , Wibawati Prima Ayu , Fikri Faisal 
Published: June 2019

Virus Infectious Bronchitis merupakan penyakit yang disebabkan oleh genus Gammacoronavirus, subfamili Coronavirinae, famili Coronavirinae tidak bersegmen, sense positif dengan genom SS-RNA. Terdapat lebih dari 30 macam serotip virus infectious bronchitis yang ditemukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perkembangan virus infectious bronchitis isolat lokal (PTS-III) dan Massachusetts yang di inokulasikan pada cairan allantois TAB. Identifikasi dilakukan berdasarkan waktu inkubasi virus IB yakni dengan waktu 0 jam, 6 jam, 12 jam, 24 jam, 48 jam, 72 jam, 96 jam dan 120 jam dan kemudian di panen. Isolasi virus IB dilakukan secara in ovo pada telur ayam berembrio (TAB) umur 9 hingga 11 hari. Menggunakan ulangan 3 butir TAB pada setiap waktu inkubasi dengan total TAB berjumlah 50 butir. Inokulum disuntikkan ke dalam cairan allantois dengan spuit 1 ml secara tegak lurus dengan kantung hawa. Metode pemeriksaan yang digunakan menggunakan Indirect FAT dan mikroskop fluorescence dengan melihat adanya perpenderan cahaya neon atau fluoresensi. Hasil data yang digunakan secara kualitatif yang disajikan dalam bentuk tabel dengan hasil berupa positif dan negatif. Pada penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya hasil negatif pada TAB yang di inkubasi hingga jam ke-0 dan jam ke-6. Hasil positif ditunjukkan pada TAB yang di inkubasi pada jam ke-12, 24, 48, 72, 96 dan 120.
NANO GÜMÜŞ EMPRENYE EDİLMİŞ ÜÇ BOYUTLU KUMAŞLARDA ANTİ-MİKROBİYAL ETKİNLİK
Authors: TAYLAN Gamze , TULPAR Ayşe , DEMİRURAL Alparslan , BAYKARA Tarık 
Published: June 2019

Gümüşün
nano boyuta indirilmesi, onun aktivasyonunu arttırarak bakteri, mantar ve
virüsler üzerindeki etkisini daha da arttırmaktadır. Nano boyutlarda (0-200 nm) gümüşle temas eden
bakteri, virüs veya mantar hücrelerinin metabolizması bozulmakta ve elektriksel
etkileşimle enzimleri etkisiz hale gelerek hücreleri ölmektedir. Nano gümüş emprenye edilen antibakteriyel
tekstillerde, anti-bakteriyel etki iyonize nano gümüş miktarı ile doğru
orantılıdır. Bu doğrultuda üç boyutlu kumaşlarda daha fazla nano gümüş iyonu
emprenyesi mümkün olmakta ve antibakteriyel etkinlik artmaktadır. Bu çalışmada,
nano gümüş emprenye edilmiş üç boyutlu kumaşların antibakteriyel
etkinliği, maya
bakterileri (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)
kullanılarak incelenmiştir. Nano gümüş emprenye edilmiş üç
boyutlu kumaşlarda, ilk 3 dakika içerisinde bakterilerin çoğalmadığı aksine yok
olmaya başladığı görülmüştür. Nano gümüş emprenye edilen üç boyutlu kumaşlarda,
bakteriler kumaş içerisine nüfus etmeden kumaş yüzeyinde etkisiz hale
gelmektedir. 24 saat içerisinde, kumaş yüzeyinde maya bakterileri üreyip
gelişemeden kumaş üzerinde kuru ve ölü bir tabaka oluşturmaktadırlar.
A Retrospective Interventional Cohort Study to Assess the Safety and Efficacy of Sandostatin LAR(octreotide) for Treatment of Recurrent and/or Refractory Meningiomas
Authors: Bota Daniela Annenelie , Hrachova Maya , Fu Beverly D. , Kong Xiao–Tang , Cadena Gilbert , Hsu Frank P.K. , Billimek John , Dandekar Manisha 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Background

Meningiomas are the most common adult primary intracranial tumors in the United States. Despite, high recurrence rate of atypical and malignant subtypes, there is no approved drug indicated specifically for meningioma. Majority of meningiomas exhibit high density (70%) of somatostatin receptors subtypes, and somatostatin analogs have been under close investigation as a potential treatment option for management of progressive or recurrent meningiomas. The aim of this study was to evaluate efficacy and safety of Sandostatin LAR (octreotide) in patients with progressive and/or recurrent meningioma.

Methods

A total of 44 patients ≥ 18 years old were included in retrospective chart review. They were diagnosed with meningioma and underwent therapy with Sandostatin LAR (octreotide) from 01/01/10 until 06/01/17 at the University of California, Irvine. Six months progression free survival (PFS6) was defined as a primary endpoint, and the overall survival (OS) was a secondary endpoint along with safety and toxicity.

Results

The PFS6 months for all tumor grades was 80.6%. The OS for 6 months, 1 year, and 3 years for all WHO grades was 94.9% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.88-1.00), 88.4% (95% CI: 0.78-0.99), and 67.2% (95% CI: 0.36-0.99) respectively. Median TTP for WHO grade I, II and III was 3.1, 2.40, and 0.20 years respectively. Sandostatin LAR (octreotide) was well tolerated.

Conclusions

This is the largest reported retrospective analysis of meningioma patients treated with Sandostatin LAR (octreotide) and suggests that this treatment has minimal to no adverse events and could prolong overall survival and progression free survival.
Prevalence and seasonal variation of human Plasmodium infection in Punjab Province, Pakistan
Authors: Qureshi Naveeda Akhtar , Fatima Huma - , Afzal Muhammad , Khattak Aamir Ali , Nawaz Muhammad Ali 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Background: Malaria is the fifth leading cause of death worldwide. Pakistan is considered as a moderate malaria-endemic country but still, 177 million individuals are at risk of malaria. Roughly 60% of Pakistan’s population, live in malaria-endemic regions. The present study is based upon the survey of various health care centers in ten cities of Northern and Southern Punjab to find out the malarial infection patterns in 2015. The diagnosis, seasonal variations, age and gender-wise distribution of Plasmodium spp. circulating in the study area were also included in the objectives.
Methods: The malaria-suspected patients ‘16075’ were enrolled for malaria diagnosis using microscopy, out of which 925 were malaria positive which were processed for molecular analysis using nested PCR. The 18S rRNA genes of Plasmodium species were amplified, sequenced, blast and phylogenetic tree was constructed based on sequences using online integrated tool MEGA7.
Results: The 364 cases recruited from Northern Punjab with highest incidence in Rawalpindi (25.5%) and lowest in Chakwal (15.9%). From Southern Punjab561 cases were observed Rajanpur (21.4%) maximum and lowest from Multan and Rahim Yar Khan (18%). The slide positivity rate, annual parasite incidence, and annual blood examination rates were 5.7 per 1000 population, 0.1% and 0.2% respectively. The only P. vivax (66.7%), P. falciparum (23.7%) and mixed infection by these two species (9.6%) were diagnosed. The same trend (P. vivax>P. falciparum > mixed infection) in species identification and prevalence was confirmed from molecular analysis. However, the prevalence of malaria was higher in Southern Punjab (5.5%) as compared to the Northern Punjab (4.0%). The overall prevalence of treatment-seeking patients in all recruited cities of Punjab was 4.9%. The age-group of 1-20 and males among genders were more affected by malaria. The comparison of different seasons showed that the malaria infection was at a peak in Summer and post-monsoon.
Conclusion: The prevalence of malaria was high in the flood infected rural areas of Southern Punjab, Summer and post monsoon The low age grouped persons and males were more affected by malaria
Comparison of Postoperative Pain between Patients who underwent Primary and Repeated Caesarean Section: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Duan Guangyou , Yang Guiying , Peng Jing , Duan Zhenxin , Li Jie , Tang Xianglong , Li Hong 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Background: The presences of differences in post-operative pain are unclear between the primipara who underwent a primary cesarean section and multipara who underwent first repeat cesarean section. The study aimed to explore the possible difference in postoperative pain between primipara and multipara.
Methods: A prospective cohort study was carried out, and only women who underwent cesarean deliveries under spinal anesthesia were included. Postoperative patient-controlled intravenous analgesia was performed for all subjects with 0.2 mg/kg hydromorphone and 4 mg/kg flurbiprofen, and the pump was programmed as 2.0 mL/h background infusion, and loading dose of 1 mL with a lockout period of 15 min. Postoperative incision and visceral pain intensity were evaluated using visual analogue scale, and inadequate analgesia was defined as visual analogue scale ≥40 during the postoperative 48 hours. Additionally, the patients’ pain statuses on postoperative week 1 and week 4 were also assessed during follow-up via telephone.
Results: From January to May 2017, a total of 168 patients (67 primipara and 101 multipara) were included. The relative risk for multipara to experience inadequate analgesia on incision pain was 0.42 (95% CI: 0.25 to 0.74) compared to primipara. In patients under 30 years old, inadequate analgesia on visceral pain in the multipara was higher than that on the primipara (RR, 3.56 [1.05 to 12.04], P=0.025). There was no significant difference in the combined incidence of inadequate analgesia in both types of pain between the multipara and primipara (33.7%vs.40.2%, P=0.381). No difference was found in PCIA consumption between two groups. (111.1 ± 36.0mL vs. 110.9 ± 37.3mL, P=0.979) Additionally, a significantly higher incidence of pain at 4 weeks after the surgery was noted in the primipara compared to the multipara (62.2%vs.37.7%, P=0.011).
Conclusions: Multipara who underwent first repeat cesarean section have lower risk to experience inadequate analgesia on incision pain during the first 48 hours after surgery compared to primipara. While multipara under 30 years may be more prone to experiencing postoperative inadequate analgesia on visceral pain.
Creating a Conference Poster with High-Resolution Network Figures
Authors: Pfeffer Jürgen 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Creating a poster with high-resolution network images can be a challenging task. In this article, the process of exporting a network figure from a network analysis tool, importing it in a vector graphics tool, and preparing the poster for print is discussed. The steps include critical strategies for producing print-quality figures that also apply to the preparation of network figures for journal publication. We discuss different file formats and argue that the favorite tool for creating conference posters – Microsoft PowerPoint – is not suitable for posters that include network figures. Instead, we suggest the use of Inkscape, a free and open-source tool, or a comparable vector graphics tool to prepare your posters. The goal of this article is to provide a tutorial-like description of the critical steps for creating a conference poster with high-resolution network figures.