bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A systematic review of factors related to children's quality of life and mental health after brain tumor
Authors: Bell Hayley , Ownsworth Tamara , Lloyd Owen , Sheeran Nicola , Chambers Suzanne 
Published: August 2018

AbstractPurposeBrain tumor has been found to have a major impact on children's quality of life (QOL); yet, the subjective impact of the illness is still not well understood. This review aimed to investigate factors related to children's subjective well‐being (SWB), or self‐reported QOL and mental health after brain tumor. A further aim was to determine the consistency between child and parent‐proxy ratings of children's SWB and common factors associated with both child and parent‐proxy ratings.MethodsA systematic search of PsycINFO, MEDLINE, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Embase, and Scopus was conducted from 1980 to May 2018 to identify eligible studies. Methodological quality of these studies was assessed by 2 independent reviewers.ResultsTwenty studies investigated factors related to children's self‐reported mental health or QOL. Fourteen studies examined these factors from the perspectives of both children and their parents. Overall, risk factors for poor QOL included infratentorial tumors, radiation, hydrocephalus, lower IQ, and behavioral problems. Only 5 studies examined mental health outcomes, the findings of which were mixed. Relatively few studies examined psychosocial variables related to children's SWB.ConclusionsAlthough several risk factors for poor QOL were identified, further research investigating mental health outcomes and the influence of psychosocial factors on children's SWB is needed to guide support interventions for pediatric brain tumor.
Red/Near‐Infrared Emissive Metalloporphyrin‐Based Nanodots for Magnetic Resonance Imaging‐Guided Photodynamic Therapy In Vivo
Authors: Wu Fengshou , Chen Jingwen , Li Zhicong , Su Huifang , Leung Ken Cham‐Fai , Wang Han , Zhu Xunjin 
Published: August 2018

AbstractNear‐infrared emissive (NIR) porphyrin‐implanted carbon nanodots (PCNDs or MPCNDs) are prepared by selectively carbonization of free base or metal complexes [M = Zn(II) or Mn(III)] of tetra‐(meso‐aminophenyl)porphyrin in the presence of citric acid. The as‐prepared nanodots exhibit spontaneously NIR emission, small size, good aqueous dispersibility, and favorable biocompatibility characteristic of both porphyrins and pristine carbon nanodots. The subcellular localization experiment of nanodots indicates a lysosome‐targeting feature. And the in vitro photodynamic therapy (PDT) results on HeLa cells indicate the nanodots alone have no adverse effect on tumor cells, but display remarkable photodynamic efficacy upon irradiation. Moreover, MnPCNDs containing paramagnetic Mn(III) ions, which possesses good biocompatibility, NIR luminescence, and magnetic resonance imaging and efficient singlet oxygen production, are further studied in magnetic resonance imaging‐guided photodynamic therapy in vivo.
Graphical analysis for overall effectiveness management: A graphical method to support operation and maintenance performance assessment
Authors: Viveros Gunckel Pablo , Kristjanpoller Fredy , López‐Campos Mónica , Crespo Márquez Adolfo , Pascual Rodrigo 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThis article presents a graphical tool for the monitoring of performance indicators called GAOEM (Graphical Analysis for Overall Effectiveness Management). GAOEM comprehends the main indicators of maintenance and operations management, and it constitutes an adaptation of the overall effectiveness index. GAOEM facilitates control and analysis by using specific indicators in a graphic panel, designed for industries with high investment in physical assets. It also facilitates an efficient reading and interpreting of the data, enriching the analysis, the search for phenomena of interest and improvement opportunities to support the decision making.GAOEM requires 3 categories of input data, which are interventions data, time data, and production/process data. With this information, the basic performance indicators are calculated, being these indicators fundamental for the control and monitoring of the performance level. Later, these indicators will be the basis for calculation of both partial and total performance.GAOEM can be used as a diagnosis, analysis, control and monitoring tool for the indicators of interest at a strategic level, as well as a tool for searching of phenomena typical of a specific stage of the life cycle of assets and also of those conditions resulting from improper operation and/or maintenance, identifying their root causes.
Scale distortion from pressure baselines as a source of inaccuracy in triple‐isotope measurements
Authors: Yeung Laurence Y. , Hayles Justin A. , Hu Huanting , Ash Jeanine L. , Sun Tao 
Published: August 2018

RationaleIsotope ratio measurements have become extremely precise in recent years, with many approaching parts‐per‐million (ppm) levels of precision. However, seemingly innocuous errors in signal baselines, which exist only when gas enters the instrument, might lead to significant errors. These “pressure‐baseline” (PBL) offsets may have a variety of origins, such as incoherent scattering of the analyte, isobaric interferences, or electron ablation from the walls of the flight tube. They are probably present in all but ultra‐high‐resolution instruments, but their importance for high‐precision measurements has not been investigated.MethodsWe derive the governing equations for the PBL effect. We compare the oxygen triple‐isotope composition of gases on three different mass spectrometers before and after applying a correction for PBLs to determine their effects. We also compare the composition of atmospheric O2 with that of several standard minerals (San‐Carlos Olivine and UWG‐2) on two high‐precision mass spectrometers and compare those results with the differences reported in the literature.ResultsWe find that PBLs lead to stretching or compression of isotopic variations. The scale distortion is non‐mass‐dependent, affecting the accuracy of triple‐isotope covariations. The governing equations suggest that linear stretching corrections using traditional isotopic delta values (e.g., δ18O) are rigorous for PBL‐induced errors in pure gases. When the reference and sample gases are not comparable in composition or purity, however, a different correction scheme may be required. These non‐mass‐dependent errors are systematic and may have influenced previous measurements of triple‐isotope covariations in natural materials.ConclusionsAccurate measurements of isotopic variations are essential to biogeochemistry and for testing theoretical models of isotope effects. PBLs are probably ubiquitous, contributing to the interlaboratory disagreements in triple‐isotope compositions of materials differing greatly in δ18O values. Moreover, they may lead to inaccurate determination of triple‐isotope compositions and fractionation factors, which has implications for isotopic studies in hydrology and biogeochemistry.
Discrimination of the geographic origin of pork using multi‐isotopes and statistical analysis
Authors: Shin Woo‐Jin , Choi Seung‐Hyun , Ryu Jong‐Sik , Song Byeong‐Yeol , Song Joo‐Hyun , Park Sanghee , Min Ji‐Sook 
Published: August 2018

RationaleWhile global pork production has grown exponentially in recent decades to 109 Mt in 2010, methods aimed at verifying the geographic origin of pork products have yet to be thoroughly investigated. Here, we analyzed pork samples available in South Korea in order to discriminate their geographic origin.MethodsA total of the 37 pork samples originated from South Korea and other countries (Denmark, Germany, France, Spain, Canada and Mexico) were collected in order to classify their geographic origins using multi‐isotope ratios, such as δ18O, δ2H, δ13C, δ15N values measured by IRMS, 87Sr/86Sr ratios measured by MC‐ICP‐MS, and multivariate statistical approaches.ResultsThere is a wide range of 87Sr/86Sr ratios in the pork samples, varying from 0.70779 to 0.71245, due to the lithology where the pork was raised. Canadian samples displayed the lowest δ18O and δ2H values mainly due to the latitude effect. Furthermore, the δ13C values of European and Canadian samples were lower than those of Korean and Mexican samples, depending on whether the feed was composed of either C3 or C4 plants. The δ15N values of the European and Canadian samples were much higher than those of the other samples, possibly resulting from the δ15N values of the feed.ConclusionsWhile differences in pork samples were observed that depended on geographic origin, this study suggests that more detailed investigations are needed to validate whether a combination of multi‐isotope and multivariate statistical approaches is a valid method for determining the geographic origin of pork.
The value of a desk study for building a national river obstacle inventory
Authors: Atkinson Siobhán , Bruen Michael , Turner Jonathan N. , Ball Bernard , Bullock Craig , O'Sullivan John J. , Casserly Colm , King James J. , Cullagh Alan , Kelly‐Quinn Mary 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThis study evaluates two desk‐based approaches for building an inventory of man‐made river obstacles. The creation of a river obstacle inventory is a vital first step in developing a prioritization process for obstacle removal and/or modification. In this study, a desktop geographical information system analysis of two rivers and their tributary network was undertaken, using two different approaches. The first involved analysing historical maps, satellite imagery, and Ordnance Survey Ireland Discovery Series maps and producing a geo‐referenced layer of all the potential river obstacles. The second involved developing a geo‐referenced layer of potential river obstacles based on the intersections between elements of the transport network (roads and railways) and river systems. To determine the effectiveness of the desk studies, the located obstacles were cross‐referenced with actual obstacles verified through a field survey.The desk studies identified several thousand potential obstacles. The study utilizing a range of maps consistently located a greater number of actual obstacles than the desk study based on intersections between the transport and river networks.The results indicate that desk‐based research offers an efficient and effective method for locating river obstacles and can guide subsequent field surveys aimed at confirming the presence of obstacles. This is particularly useful for eliminating from study large stretches of rivers that would otherwise need to be walked to confirm the presence, or otherwise, of potential river obstacles. In this regard, desk‐based exercises can offer opportunities to save on both time and cost in larger river assessments.
Surface Engineering of CdS Quantum Dots for Photocatalytic Applications under Direct Sunlight
Authors: Srinivasan Vijayalakshmi , Hiragond Chaitanya B. , Khanna Pawan K. , More Priyesh V. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe photocatalytic ability of materials is globally studied and has many applications in the field of water purification, water splitting to produce hydrogen fuel and decomposition of toxic chemicals. Herein, we present CdS quantum dots (QDs) based efficient photocatalyst for potential photocatalytic applications by modifying its surface with different capping ligands or thin ZnO shell. For this purpose, we have prepared CdS quantum dots by passivating its surface with 3‐mercaptopropionic acid (MPA), diphenylamine (DPA) and sodium succinate (SS) as capping agents. Additionally, Zn2+doping or thin ZnO shell was grownin‐situon CdS cores with varied molar concentrations to observe its effect on photocatalytic activity. The study includes both the synthesis and characterization of the products along with their photocatalytic activity under direct sunlight (75000‐90000 Lux). The effect of surface passivation of CdS QDs on their photocatalytic activity is discussed in detail. We also propose the possible mechanism for degradation of methylene blue using surface engineered CdS QDs.
Sodium Tertiary Pentoxide: A Mild and Efficient Base to Make C–C Bond between Acetylenes and Aldehydes (or) Ketones Producing Propargyl Alcohols
Authors: Savarimuthu Sebastian Antony , Thankappan Hajeeth , Thomas Selvaraj Augustine , Prakash Devarajan Gnanaprakasi Leo 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThis report confirms that sodium tertiary‐pentoxide is a very effective base for the nucleophilic addition of acetylenes to aldehydes and ketones in 1,4‐dioxane at room temperature. These mild and operationally simple procedures have been working well with a variety of aromatic and heteroaromatic aldehydes and also equally working well with aliphatic, aromatic and heteroaromatic ketones. A very clean product of secondary and tertiary propargylic alcohols were obtained from 70–94% yield. This process has been explored in bulk scale synthesis on selected molecules and also adapted the column free purification for most of the substrates.
Fe(ClO4)3⋅xH2O‐Catalysed Ritter Reaction: Synthesis of N‐tert‐Butyl Amides from Nitriles and Di‐tert‐Butyl Dicarbonate
Authors: Feng Chengliang , Yan Bin , Yao Wenjin , Chen Junqing , Ji Min 
Published: August 2018

AbstractA convenient and excellent yield procedure for the synthesis of N‐tert‐butyl Amides by Ritter reaction with nitriles and (Boc)2O in the presence of Fe(ClO4)3⋅xH2O as a highly stable, effective and available catalyst is described.
Stacking‐Controlled Assembly of Cabbage‐Like Graphene Microsphere for Charge Storage Applications
Authors: Kim Sun Kyung , Lee Byeongyong , Ha Taehyeong , Park Su‐Ryeon , Chang Hankwon , Lee Seung Woo , Jang Hee Dong 
Published: August 2018

AbstractNanostructured graphene electrodes generally have a low density, which can limit the volumetric performance for energy storage devices. The liquid‐phase mild reduction process of graphene oxide sheets is combined with the continuous aerosol densification process to produce high‐density graphene agglomerates in the form of microspheres. The produced graphene assembly shows the cabbage‐like morphology with a high density of 0.75 g cm−3. In spite of such high density, the cabbage‐like graphene microspheres have narrow‐ranged mesopores and a high surface area. The cabbage‐like graphene microsphere exhibits both high gravimetric and volumetric energy densities due to the optimized microstructure, which shows a high gravimetric capacitance of 177 F g−1 and volumetric capacitance of 117 F cm−3 in supercapacitors. As a cathode for lithium‐ion capacitors, the cabbage‐like graphene delivers a reversible capacity of ≈176 mAh g−1. The stacking‐control approach provides a new pathway to control the microstructure of the graphene assembly and corresponding charge storage characteristics for energy storage applications.
LDMBL: An architecture for reducing code duplication in heavyweight binary instrumentations
Authors: Momeni Behnam , Kharrazi Mehdi 
Published: August 2018

SummaryEmergence of instrumentation frameworks has vastly contributed to the software engineering practices. As the instrumentation use cases become more complex, complexity of instrumenting programs also increases, leading to a higher risk of software defects, increased development time, and decreased maintainability. In security applications such as symbolic execution and taint analysis, which need to instrument a large number of instruction types, this complexity is prominent. This paper presents an architecture based on the Pin binary instrumentation framework to abstract the low‐level OS and hardware‐dependent implementation details, facilitate code reuse in heavyweight instrumentation use cases, and improve instrumenting program development time. Instructions of x86 and x86‐64 hardware architectures are formally categorized using the Z language based on the Pin framework API. This categorization is used to automate the instrumentation phase on the basis of a configuration list. Furthermore, instrumentation context data such as register data are modeled in an object‐oriented scheme. This makes it possible to focus the instrumenting program development time on writing the essential analysis logics while access to low‐level OS and hardware dependencies are streamlined. The proposed architecture is evaluated by instrumenting 135 instruction types in a concrete symbolic execution engine, resulting in a reduction of the instrumenting program size by 59.7%. Furthermore, performance overhead measure against the SPEC CINT2006 programs is limited to 8.7%.
Glutathione peroxidase‐1 overexpressing transgenic mice are protected from neurotoxicity induced by microcystin‐leucine‐arginine
Authors: Shin Eun‐Joo , Hwang Yeong Gwang , Pham Duc Toan , Lee Ji Won , Lee Yu Jeung , Pyo Dongjin , Jeong Ji Hoon , Lei Xin Gen , Kim Hyoung‐Chun 
Published: August 2018

AbstractAlthough it has been well‐recognized that microcystin‐leucine‐arginine (MCLR), the most common form of microcystins, induces neurotoxicity, little is currently known about the underlying mechanism for this neurotoxicity. Here, we found that MCLR (10 ng/μL/mouse, i.c.v.) induces significant neuronal loss in the hippocampus of mice. MCLR‐induced neurotoxicity was accompanied by oxidative stress, as shown by a significant increase in the level of 4‐hydroxynonenal, protein carbonyl, and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Superoxide dismutase‐1 (SOD‐1) activity was significantly increased, but glutathione peroxidase (GPx) level was significantly decreased following MCLR insult. In addition, MCLR significantly inhibited GSH/GSSG ratio, and significantly induced NFκB DNA binding activity. Because reduced activity of GPx appeared to be critical for the imbalance between activities of SODs and GPx, we utilized GPx‐1 overexpressing transgenic mice to ascertain the role of GPx‐1 in this neurotoxicity. Genetic overexpression of GPx‐1 or NFκB inhibitor pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) significantly attenuated MCLR‐induced hippocampal neuronal loss in mice. However, PDTC did not exert any additive effect on neuroprotection mediated by GPx‐1 overexpression, indicating that NFκB is a neurotoxic target of MCLR. Combined, these results suggest that MCLR‐induced neurotoxicity requires oxidative stress associated with failure in compensatory induction of GPx, possibly through activation of the transcription factor NFκB.
The comparison of a revised Leopold matrix and fuzzy methods in environmental impact assessment, a case study: The construction of Al‐A'amiriya residential complex, Baghdad, Iraq
Authors: Asadollahfardi Gholamreza , Asadi Mohsen 
Published: August 2018

AbstractEnvironmental impact assessment (EIA) is an efficient method to recognize and alleviate the unfavorable and inevitable impacts of human activity on the environment. The EIA is dependent on expert opinions, which can be influenced by personal experience and knowledge. To evaluate this influence, we carried out EIA of 6,000 residential apartment units of Al‐A'amiriya, Baghdad, Iraq, using a revised Leopold matrix and fuzzy methods. The matrix results reflected the direct opinions of experts. The fuzzy method was developed according to the principles of expert comments. In the matrix method, the environmental impacts of each activity were evaluated by scores between −5 (very bad) to 5 (very good). The inputs to the fuzzy method were intensity and weather stability. The fuzzy estimation of the environmental impact was composed of a group of three values; P1 as the intensity, P2 as the extent, and P3 as the persistence. We gathered the expert opinions and used the Analytical Hierarchical Process to determine the weighting coefficient of each fuzzy anticipation. The matrix method was dependent on the expert opinions. The mean values of the matrix and P‐values in each column and row scores depict the impacts of a project on the environmental aspects and each element of construction on the environment. The comparison of the results indicated an average difference of 30% between the Leopold matrix and fuzzy methods. In regard to the availability and sufficiency of data, the difference was around 10%.
Differences in ultrasound features of papillations in unilocular‐solid adnexal cysts: a retrospective international multicenter study
Authors: Landolfo C. , Valentin L. , Franchi D. , Van Holsbeke C. , Fruscio R. , Froyman W. , Sladkevicius P. , Kaijser J. , Ameye L. , Bourne T. , Savelli L. , Coosemans A. , Testa A. , Timmerman D. 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACTObjectivesTo identify ultrasound features of papillations or of the cyst wall that can discriminate between benign and malignant unilocular‐solid cysts with papillations but no other solid components.MethodsFrom the International Ovarian Tumor Analysis (IOTA) database derived from seven ultrasound centers, we identified patients with an adnexal lesion described at ultrasonography as unilocular‐solid with papillations but no other solid components. All patients had undergone transvaginal ultrasound between 1999 and 2007 or 2009 and 2012, by an experienced examiner following the IOTA research protocol. Information on four ultrasound features of papillations had been collected prospectively. Information on a further seven ultrasound features was collected retrospectively from electronic or paper ultrasound images of good quality. The histological diagnosis of the surgically removed adnexal lesion was considered the gold standard.ResultsOf 204 masses included, 131 (64.2%) were benign, 42 (20.6%) were borderline tumors, 30 (14.7%) were primary invasive tumors and one (0.5%) was a metastasis. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed the following ultrasound features to be associated independently with malignancy: height of the largest papillation, presence of blood flow in papillations, papillation confluence or dissemination, and shadows behind papillations. Shadows decreased the odds of malignancy, while the other features increased them.ConclusionWe have identified ultrasound features that can help to discriminate between benign and malignant unilocular‐solid cysts with papillations but no other solid components. Our results need to be confirmed in prospective studies. Copyright © 2017 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.