bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Series of 2,5-Bis(5-aryl-2-thienyl)pyrazines with a Linear-Shaped (D-π)2-A System: Synthesis and Study of the Optical Properties Including Fluorosolvatochromism and Proton-Base-Sensing
Authors: Muraoka Hiroki , Iwabuchi Naoki , Ogawa Satoshi 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
A series of 2,5-bis(5-aryl-2-thienyl)pyrazines with distinct optical properties tuned by the intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) degree based on the donor strength of the aryl groups have been synthesized. It was found that 2,5-bis[5-(4-N,N-dibutylaminophenyl)-2-thienyl]pyrazine exhibits a fluorosolvatochromism that originates from its ICT excited state and proton sensibility with the result that the two-step protonation of the amino nitrogen atoms and pyrazinyl nitrogen atom leads to stepwise solution and emission color changes. Additionally, it should be noted that 2,5-bis[5-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-thienyl]pyrazine exhibits a base sensitivity through the obvious emission color change based on the combined process consisting of the deprotonation process of the phenolic hydrogen atoms and the subsequent ICT process. Consequently, by incorporating the N,N-dibutylaminophenyl group (acts as a strong electron donor and proton acceptor) or the phenolic group (acts as a proton donor) into the pyrazine (acts as an electron acceptor and proton acceptor)-cored (D-π)2-A structure, we have constructed an environmentally responsive optical probe.
Continuidade ou ruptura na História do Brasil Império
Authors: Momesso Beatriz Piva 
Published: July 2019

O artigo, num esforço historiográfico, busca demonstrar como ao longo da história do Brasil Império as ações políticas de grupos dirigentes do Estado contrastaram, mesclaram-se ou mesmo coexistiram com atuações dos grupos sociais distantes entre si. O resultado da interação dessas diversas forças sociais: trabalhadores, burocratas, profissionais liberais, comerciantes, homens livres pobres, escravizados e libertos teria produzido uma temporalidade própria na História do Império marcada pelas transformações situadas num ponto entre a inércia e a rapidez. A partir da análise dos artigos da Revista do IHGB produzidos no século XIX e de obras escolhidas dentre produção de historiadores reconhecidos que abarcam a Independência, Regência e o Segundo Reinado, o artigo destaca, primordialmente, as continuidades temporais em detrimento de rupturas, colocando em dúvida a síntese como produto necessário do embate de forças históricas. Palavras-Chave: continuidades, Brasil Império, forças sociais
Chord language and theory of everything
Authors: LI xiaohong 
Published: July 2019

Abstract: Is there a unified natural principle or theory of all things behind the natural phenomena that are observed in different disciplines and scattered? If there is such a thing, it should have a wide universality, and the chord language phenomenon seems to have this feature.
Chord languages have distinct physical and mathematical forms: discrete spectrum, chords (open, closed, non-linear string), symmetrical, mirrored, etc. In music, painting, meridian (Chinese ancient medical theory) and other disciplines, the generation of time, space, life, spiritual and other semantic expressions, beyond the universality of the discipline, easy to observe, verify, Like the theory of all things.
The following is the chord value formula used in music and painting. Is this a quantum formula?
S = HV, (S = semitone, H = equal temperament constant, V = frequency), minimum discrete value.
I=H^n.V (I=sound, n=sound value), allowing discrete values;
C=H^n1, n2, n3, n*.V (C=chord), discrete value spectrum.
Music and painting are chord language phenomena, with discrete spectral forms unique to chord language: chords, tones, scales, etc., respectively: time and space, mathematically mutual: reverse-mirror relationship.
Chord language is not only a spiritual phenomenon (music, painting), but also a physical phenomenon (discrete spectrum, string), observing chord language events, such as: music, painting, etc. - also observing physical events, it has spiritual-natural isomorphism, This is its philosophical significance: there is a certain natural principle and law between spirit and nature.
The chord language is an ancient knowledge system whose mathematical model dates back to Pythagorean temperament in ancient Greece. After the gradual improvement of musicians of the dynasties, the ancient Chinese medical theory - Meridian observation of positive-negative (yin-yang) rules - this is an important attribute of chord language, and spatial (geometric) semantics can be observed in chord paintings: Strings (open, closed, non-line string), these observations complete the recognition of the chord languageknowledge.
Causas de internação hospitalar em adultos de um município na Amazônia Legal, Brasil.
Authors: Trindade Neidiane Rosa , Souza Neto Menandes Alves , Toledo Olegario Rosa de , Moraes Eleomar Vilela de , Ferrari Carlos K. B. , David Flavia Lucia 
Published: July 2019

Escopo e Objetivos: estudar as causas de internação hospitalar é uma forma de conhecer o perfil de morbi-mortalidade de uma população. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar as causas de internação hospitalar entre adultos num hospital municipal da Amazônia Legal, MT. Metodologia: Foram analisados 400 prontuários de pacientes internados de 19 a 59 anos de idade. Resultados: Houve predominância do gênero masculino, jovem, internado para procedimentos cirúrgicos (64,3%), prevalecendo como causa de internação os acidentes e causas externas. Ademais, houve o uso em média de 4,1 medicamentos por prescrição, caracterizando polifarmácia o que não é recomendado pela OMS. Conclusões: neste hospital os principais casos de internação de adultos, do gênero masculino, foram internados para cirurgia e acometidos por causas externas, o que revela falhas na prevenção primária a acidentes de trânsito e outras causas externas. Palavras-chave: hospitalização; adultos; prescrições de medicamentos
Avaliação da concordância entre informações obtidas com questionário aplicado a usuários de uma unidade de saúde de Porto Alegre e as disponíveis nos prontuários
Authors: Pauli Sílvia , Azeredo de Lima Lena , Dias de Castro Filho Eno 
Published: July 2019

Analisar a concordância entre as informações obtidas a partir das respostas do questionário de uma pesquisa com informações disponíveis nos prontuários pode auxiliar na definição da confiabilidade dos resultados em que se baseiam suas conclusões. Técnicas estatísticas consideradas adequadas para verificar concordâncias são as fórmulas KAPPA e PABAK. Verificar a concordância das informações obtidas através do questionário de linha de base com as obtidas pela pesquisa nos prontuários dos pacientes. Estudo de concordância. Foram analisadas 15 perguntas, das 93. As informações obtidas através das duas fontes foram comparadas para estimar a magnitude de concordância. Foi calculada a estatística kappa ou PABAK através do software Winpepi versão 11.25. Foram analisados questionários de 149 indivíduos com média de idade de 62,64±13,35 anos, sendo 69,12% do sexo feminino. As concordâncias para a maioria das perguntas foram classificadas como substanciais. Os resultados sugerem que as informações obtidas com o questionário do estudo “Avaliação da Atenção à Saúde em Hipertensão e Diabete em Atenção Primária” estejam refletindo a realidade estudada.
Vitória, Espírito Santo (ES): experiência exitosa em Práticas Integrativas e Complementares (PICs)
Authors: Sacramento Henriqueta Tereza 
Published: July 2019

RESUMO
Neste texto, apresentam-se as Práticas Integrativas e Complementares (PICs) no Município de Vitória, ES, a partir do convite para relato da experiência exitosa. As PICs, no âmbito municipal, iniciaram em 1990 e foram implantadas na atenção básica, tendo como princípio a integralidade como cuidado à saúde e gestão que reconhece a autonomia e a diversidade cultural e social dos cidadãos. Os profissionais de saúde foram contratados numa perspectiva da atenção à saúde dos usuários atendidos na rede municipal, de modo complementar, tendo como eixo estruturante a atenção primária em saúde. Destaca-se a fitoterapia como primeira PIC introduzida com sucesso em 100% dos territórios de saúde, com prescritores capacitados, medicamentos fitoterápicos disponibilizados nas farmácias e projetos de jardins terapêuticos. Com a implantação das hortas urbanas comunitárias orgânicas, construiu-se uma firme parceria com as secretarias municipais de meio ambiente e de educação. Outras PICs ofertadas: arteterapia e musicoterapia no Centro de Atenção Psicossocial; aulas de ioga em parques e serviços, tais como academias da saúde; consultas médicas especializadas em homeopatia e acupuntura no centro municipal de especialidades. Além destas, em alguns serviços, profissionais de saúde com formação específica, mediante apresentação de projetos ofertam: do-in; dança circular; auriculoterapia; meditação e reiki. A institucionalização da política municipal de PICs garante que sejam cumpridas as estratégias e diretrizes, potencializando e ampliando ações de promoção da saúde, prevenção e tratamento de doenças para recuperação da saúde por métodos mais leves e medicamentos naturais, atuando pela valorização da totalidade do sujeito e não somente do corpo.
Factors Widening the Gap between Hypothetical and Actual choices—Empirical Evidence from the Japanese Medical Insurance Market—
Authors: Fujii Yoichiro , Inakura Noriko 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
This study examines the consistency in risk aversion between hypothetical and actual choices in medical insurance. Utilizing a unique survey in which individuals in Japan are asked about their perception of a hypothetical necessary amount for hospitalization benefits and the actual insurance contract amount at the time of hospitalization, the study identifies that the gap between the hypothetical and actual domains is not constant. Even between two similar domains of hospital benefits selection, the gap is found to vary depending on respondents’ anxiety about future medical expenses, their level of financial literacy, and other personal attributes such as age and occupation. The results of this study strongly suggest a need for exercising caution when using the degree of risk aversion obtained by hypothetical questions, questionnaire surveys, and experiments to predict actual behavior.
Candidate reference method for determination of vitamin D from dried blood spot samples
Authors: Zakaria Rosita , Allen Katrina J. , Koplin Jennifer J. , Roche Peter , Greaves Ronda F. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Background
The current millennium has seen an explosion in vitamin D testing with the overarching aim of requests to clinically stratify patients as replete or deficient in vitamin D. At a population level, dried blood spot (DBS) sampling offers a less invasive and more practical application for assessment of vitamin D status. We have therefore aimed to develop a sensitive and robust DBS vitamin D method that is traceable to serum for use in population-based studies.

Methods
Blood spots, calibrators and controls were prepared by punching a 3.2 mm DBS from filter paper and placed into a 96-well micro-plate. The DBS disk was eluted with a combination of water-methanol and internal standard (ISTD) solution followed by supported-liquid extraction and derivatisation. The extract was analysed by liquid-chromatography tandem-mass spectrometry in positive electrospray-ionisation mode with 732.5 > 673.4 and 738.4 > 679.4 m/z ion-transitions for derivatised vitamin D and the ISTD, respectively. Vitamin D results were made traceable to the National Institute of Standards and Technology reference material through the inclusion of Chromsystems vitamin D calibrators.

Results
25-Hydroxy-vitamin D3 and its related ISTD were detected at a retention time of 7 min. The seven-point calibration-curve consistently demonstrated a coefficient of determination of 0.99 with an experimentally determined reportable range of 0.5–376 nmol/L. Method validation studies using DBS samples demonstrated 12.9% between-assay imprecision at 45 nmol/L, 84% average recovery and high correlation with plasma vitamin D (correlation coefficient = 0.86).

Conclusions
We have successfully developed an analytical method for vitamin D quantitation from DBSs which will be applied to our population-based vitamin D research study. This approach improves traceability of DBS results and potentially could be used broadly for other DBS measurands that require comparison to serum/plasma for their interpretation.
Data protection in biobanks from a practical point of view: what must be taken into account during set-up and operation?
Authors: Drepper Johannes 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The European General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) incorporates many of the principles of data protection that were already in force in the past. Insofar the data protection requirements for German biobanks have not fundamentally changed since the GDPR became applicable in May 2018. In detail, however, new and relevant requirements have been added. Due to many derogation clauses that allow national deviations, federal and state laws must also be taken into account in Germany, depending on the legal form of the biobank or the supporting institution, which increases the complexity in individual cases. Research-oriented biobanks can still rely on informed, voluntary and explicit consent from patients or test persons. Other legal bases are also possible in certain cases. The information and transparency requirements have increased with the DSGVO, which has led to higher administrative costs. However, a major problem existed before and continues to exist in clarifying how biobanks deal with the right to know and the right not to know of their subjects, how this is explained in advance and which policy can be implemented in the long term, also in the context of targeted recruitment for later studies. The complexity of the regulatory framework and the resulting demands on biobanks make the development and implementation of standards unavoidable. In addition, it is recommended that such infrastructures be centralised, professionalised and equipped with the necessary resources.
Antioxidant and cytotoxic activity of three Turkish marine-derived fungi
Authors: Gözcelioğlu Bülent 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Background
Marine-derived fungi are appraised as a favorable source for discovering new bioactive secondary metabolites. In the last few decades researchers have concentrated on marine-derived fungi to obtain new and pharmaceutically active bioactive secondary metabolites with therapeutic potential.

Objective
In this study three marine-derived fungi were isolated and identified from marine invertebrates and investigated with regard to their antioxidant and cytotoxic activities.

Materials and methods
DPPH, SO, NO, and ABTS assays were used for monitoring free radical scavenging activity, and the MTT assay was used for testing cytotoxic activity against HCT-116 colon cancer cells.

Results
According to the obtained results Malassezia restricta extract was shown to have the highest antioxidant and cytotoxic activities compared to the other tested fungi strains.

Conclusion
This study is the first report about the antioxidant and cytotoxicity activity of Acremonium sclerotigenum, Aspergillus flavus, and M. restricta. This serves as a valuable preliminary study for activity-guided isolation of secondary metabolites.
Evaluating serum elastin levels in striae gravidarum
Authors: Gürlek Beril , Ural Ülkü Mete , Tuğcugil Sibel , Arpa Medeni , Önal Özgür 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Objective
Striae gravidarum (SG) is the most common dermatological defect in pregnancy leading to cosmetic anxiety with unknown etiopathogenesis. The aim of the study was to analyze the relation between serum elastin levels and striae and identify possible independent associated risk factors.

Materials and methods
This was a prospective observational study. In total, 138 primipara pregnant women were examined before delivery. Participants were separated into two groups according to the presence of SG. Striae assessment was performed according to Davey score. Before the active phase of labor patients were physically examined and blood samples were collected. Personal characteristics, features of birth, skin findings and serum elastin levels were compared between groups.

Results
Term pregnant women with SG had significantly higher serum elastin levels than those without SG (99.46 ± 32.92 vs. 88.36 ± 19.12, respectively; p = 0.018).

Conclusions
Serum elastin levels were increased in women with SG. However, the newly synthesized elastin may not be functional as it is thin and disorganized. Therefore, increased elastin production may not prevent the formation of striae. This finding may provide an impetus to explore the pathomechanisms of striae. Further controlled trials are warranted to determine the clinical significance of serum elastin levels in the formation of SG.
The Effectiveness of 5e Inquiry Learning Model by Using Interactive Notebook on The Subject of Cell
Authors: Prabawati Faricha , Pribadi Tyas Agung , Pukan Krispinus Kedati 
Published: July 2019

The purpose of this study was to discover and describe the effectiveness of 5E inquiry learning model by using interactive notebook on the subject of cell. It was a quantitative quasi-experimental research with nonequivalent control group design. The population of this study was the whole eleventh grade science students of SMA Negeri 1 Magelang. The researchers used simple random sampling which took the students from Class Science 1 of eleventh grade as the experimental class and Class Science 3 of eleventh grade as the control class. In collecting the data, the researchers used the result of pre-test, post-test and the grades of students from experimental class (using interactive notebook) then the assessment of control class students’ laboratory work report performance. Normality test, homogeneity test, average difference test, the improvement of learning skill measurement, and classical completeness measurement were used for data analysis. The result shown that 5E Inquiry-Learning Model by Using Interactive Notebook on the Subject ‘Cell’ was effective. It was proved by the average of both of classes (experimental class and control class) was significantly different (tcount (7.36) > ttable (2.00)). The difference was supported by the fact that the improvement of learning skill of experimental class students was better the control class students. For the experimental class, the improvement of student learning skill was categorized as medium (index gained 0.61) while control class’ was low (index gained 0.29). In addition, the experimental class had reached the classical completeness rate (the percentage was 87.89%) while the control class had not reached it yet (around 27.27%).
The Influence of Learning Cycle Model Against the Motivation of Learning and Critical Thinking Skills of Students
Authors: Hidayah Farida , Alimah Siti , Anggraito Yustinus Ulung 
Published: July 2019

This research aims to know the influence of motivation towards Learning Cycle of learning and critical thinking skills of students on the material of the human digestive system in SMP Negeri 03 Jekulo. The sample used is grade VIII VIII C and D taken with the technique of convenience sampling and research design a non-randomized control group pretest-posttes design. Data obtained in the form of motivation and critical thinking skills as well as the response of teachers and students towards learning Learning Cycle model. Data analysis using SPSS 16.0. The research results obtained studying motivations of students after learning Learning Cycle has increased from 76.87 with higher category be the category with very tinngi 84.67. Results the average critical thinking skills has increased from 76.34 with critical categories into classes with 82.11 wants a category of highly critical. The t-test based on posttest showed thitung > 11.628 from ttabel 2.073 which means there is a significant difference. The response of the students towards the Learning Cycle shows interest because of the interesting activities and serves the appropriate issues with everyday life. The teacher gave a positive response, namely students became active in learning, so that students acquire the knowledge of the concept of direct experience of the menjadiikan pengetahuaanya longer remember. The conclusions of this research are the Learning Cycle model provides a positive influence motivation towards learning and critical thinking skills on the material of the human digestive system in SMP Negeri 3 jekulo.
Interactive Multimedia Effectiveness in Improving Cell Concept Mastery
Authors: Rosamsi Saiman , Miarsyah Mieke , Ristanto Rizhal Hendi 
Published: July 2019

The learning process has been carried out in the conventional way, this is caused by the teacher's understanding of using multimedia is still not optimal, so the learning method used is still limited. This phenomenon makes the researchers interested in doing this research. The purpose of the study to determine the effectiveness of multimedia use in improving mastery of cell concepts. this study uses a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental method. This study uses a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental method. Based on the results of the study, it was found that the use of interactive multimedia provides a good value of effectiveness in mastering the concept of students cells, compared with learning using conventional media. This is evidenced by the t test on spss obtained value t = 0.00. Based on these results the average value of the gain experimental class is greater, which is 41, compared to the average value of the gain control class, which is 32. The results of this study is indicate there are differences in learning by using interactive multimedia and learning with conventional media. The success of this research can be used by educators in supporting the learning process, especially in biology.
Keywords: cell, Interactive Multimedia, Mastery of concepts.