bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Controlling depth of electrosurgery after curettage of skin tumors—an in vitro study
Authors: Taheri Arash , Green Courtney , Mansoori Parisa 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundDepth of tissue injury in electrosurgery depends on generator power, electrode size, speed of electrode movement on tissue, and current delivery method. We sought to evaluate the depth of tissue injury associated with different methods of electrocoagulation in an effort to make electrocoagulation more reproducible.MethodsA knife‐shaped electrode was used to apply an electrosurgical current to the surface of a piece of bovine liver. Different electrosurgical methods were performed. Cross sections of the liver were then studied for tissue effect.ResultsFulguration provided only superficial coagulation. Contact electrocoagulation and electrodesiccation using the flat side of the electrode provided significantly deeper levels of coagulation and were associated with less smoke than fulguration. Desiccation provided the deepest tissue effect.ConclusionsElectrofulguration can be used for superficial tissue destruction. For deeper coagulation, a relatively larger electrode can be used in contact mode. Slower movement of the electrode on tissue in contact mode is associated with desiccation and the deepest level of tissue destruction.
Changes in serum TNF‐like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) levels and Psoriasis Area Severity Index (PASI) scores in plaque psoriasis patients treated with conventional versus anti‐TNF treatments
Authors: Engin Burhan , Tanakol Ali , Bulut Huri , Songür Abdullah , Vehid Hayriye E. , Gökalp Eral , Kutlubay Zekayi , Özkoca Defne , Tüzün Yalçın , Serdaroğlu Server 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundPsoriasis is a chronic dermatologic disease affecting 2% of the general population. Tumour necrosis factor (TNF)‐like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) is a newly defined member of the TNF family. Increased serum levels of TWEAK were reported in inflammatory diseases. The relationship between serum TWEAK levels and severity of psoriasis has not yet been proven. Our aim was to clarify the change in serum TWEAK levels in response to conventional and anti‐TNF treatments.Material and methodsBlood samples were collected from 103 moderate or severe chronic plaque psoriasis patients with or without arthritis who were referred to the Department of Dermatology, Istanbul University Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty between the years 2016 and 2018. Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) scores were calculated, and serum TWEAK levels were assessed with TWEAK ELISA kit. SPSS 20 was used for statistics.ResultsSerum TWEAK levels increased significantly and PASI scores decreased significantly after both conventional and anti‐TNF treatments, but the two variables were not correlated. There was no significant difference between conventional and anti‐TNF treatments, between patients with or without comorbid arthritis and between genders.ConclusionsLower serum TWEAK levels induce psoriasis and higher levels of TWEAK are observed after treatment. It is important to determine a threshold value. Such a cutoff value of serum TWEAK levels could not be calculated in our study similar to previous studies. If its serum levels were to be standardized in further studies, TWEAK can be used as a follow‐up marker in psoriasis patients with the PASI score.
Mixed 3D/2D dimensional TiO2 nanoflowers/MoSe2 nanosheets for enhanced photoelectrochemical hydrogen generation
Authors: Li Hongxia , Yang Chao , Wang Xiaoyang , Zhang Jun , Xi Junhua , Du Gang , Ji Zhenguo 
Published: September 2019

AbstractRecently, various kinds of methods have been implemented to broaden the visible light response and fasten the carrier's separation of TiO2‐based photoanodes. As a promising hydrogen evolution reaction catalyst, MoSe2 is rarely investigated especially combined with TiO2 photoanode. In this study, we report a composite photoanode of MoSe2 nanosheets (with 1T and 2H phase)‐modified 3D TiO2 nanoflowers (NFs).The hybrid of 3D TiO2 NFs/2D MoSe2 holds great promise in boosting the PEC water splitting performance. TiO2 NFs/MoSe2‐15 showed the largest photocurrent density of 1.40 mA/cm2, which was five times higher than that of pure TiO2 NFs under AM1.5G illumination. Moreover 10 times improvement in current density was observed for the TiO2 NFs/MoSe2‐15 under visible light. This increase could be ascribed to synergistic effects of light absorption enhancement and more efficient carrier separation after MoSe2 modification. This study not only provides a reference to boost the photoelectrochemical performance of photoelectrodes but also renders a perspective on the potential applications of MoSe2 nanosheets.
Ignoring biotic interactions overestimates climate change effects: The potential response of the spotted nutcracker to changes in climate and resource plants
Authors: Engelhardt Eva Katharina , Neuschulz Eike Lena , Hof Christian 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAimProjecting future distributions of species under climate change remains a particular challenge for species that are trophically interacting. Interaction partners are often assumed to react differently to climate change, causing spatial mismatches in future distributions and increased extinction risks. We compare potential direct effects of climate change with combined direct and indirect effects mediated via food plants on a highly specialized bird species.LocationEurope.TaxonEuropean spotted nutcracker (Nucifraga caryocatactes).MethodsWe used climate‐based species distribution models to project probabilities of occurrence of European spotted nutcrackers and their main food sources, Swiss stone pine (Pinus cembra) and common hazel (Corylus avellana) under climate change. We combined direct climate change effects on the bird and indirect effects via the food plants by calculating the probabilities of plants and nutcrackers occurring together.ResultsWe find considerable projected northward shifts in future occurrences of nutcrackers under climate change and similar effects on hazel. In contrast, projections for Swiss stone pine indicate minor altitudinal upward shifts. Combined projections of direct and indirect effects of climate change indicate less pronounced shifts of nutcrackers’ occurrences, due to relatively small changes in pine's occurrences and to suitable hazel occurrence shifts.Main conclusionsOur study suggests that potential effects of climate change on the future distribution of the nutcracker might be overestimated when ignoring trophically interacting plants in future projections. Models of direct effects of climate change on nutcrackers’ occurrence probabilities project greater range losses than models of combined direct and indirect effects via resource plants. Therefore, considering biotic interactions does not necessarily increase the risks that climate change may impose on species distributions, but could reduce overestimation of potential range losses in rapidly changing environments.
Exploring nursing students’ use of the Fundamentals of Care framework in case‐based work
Authors: Voldbjerg Siri Lygum , Lyng Larsen Karen , Nielsen Gitte , Laugesen Britt 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAims and objectivesTo explore how nursing students perceive and use the conceptual Fundamentals of Care framework in case‐based work in nursing education and furthermore to describe influencing factors on perceptions and use of the framework.BackgroundThe Fundamentals of Care framework has been integrated in core courses in two Schools of Nursing in Region North Denmark in response to studies reporting that nursing students and newly graduated nurses lack the knowledge, skills and competencies to meet the challenges of delivering fundamental care in clinical practice. An integration of the framework in case‐based work in nursing education has not previously been studied.Design and methodsThe study design was focused ethnography. Data were collected using participant observations, focus group interviews and individual interviews. Four groups of four to five nursing students participating in case‐based work sessions and three faculty members from two Schools of Nursing were included. The study adhered to COREQ.ResultsThe results show an uncertainty among the students about how to understand and use the conceptual framework in case‐based work. The uncertainties derive from diversities in faculty members’ perceptions and curricular planning among others. However, the framework appears to support the students’ learning about what nursing is and requires.ConclusionsThe study indicates that integrating Fundamentals of Care framework in case‐based work may be one way of teaching nursing students the complexities of integrated fundamental nursing care. However, there is a need to consider how to support students in articulating Fundamentals of Care, and to draw attention to the influence of role models and curricular planning.Relevance to educational practiceThe study provides knowledge relevant when customising future educational interventions regarding the integration of Fundamentals of Care in nursing education and may provide valuable knowledge of evaluation strategies.
Psychological effects and brain correlates of a rose‐based scented cosmetic cream
Authors: David Oana A. , David Daniel O. , Mogoase Cristina , Popescu Lavinia C. , Giosan Cezar , Pellegrino Arthur 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIn the present study, we investigated the effects of a cosmetic cream with a rose based formula scent on mood, in a sample of 26 female participants, with a mean age of 27.42 years of age. We looked at psychological measures (e.g., mood‐based self‐reports scales) and brain‐related correlates (e.g., brain activation patterns) of stress/relaxation in the scented versus an odorless skin care cream with the same physical characteristics. We employed a mood induction procedure using a face‐processing task based on positive, neutral, and negative faces. Results showed that the scented cream led to more happiness no matter the sequence of presentation and was associated to more relaxation, satisfaction, happiness, and less stress if presented after the odorless cream. The use of scented cream also increased the discharge in the brain area related to the task of face perception, and also modulated the discharge of the area involved in pleasure perception and reward.Practical applicationsResults of the present study provide important data on the scent formulas that can be effectively used in cosmetics in order to boost their effects on mood.
Melatonin exerts oncostatic capacity and decreases melanogenesis in human MNT‐1 melanoma cells
Authors: Kleszczyński Konrad , Kim Tae‐Kang , Bilska Bernadetta , Sarna Michal , Mokrzynski Krystian , Stegemann Agatha , Pyza Elżbieta , Reiter Russel J. , Steinbrink Kerstin , Böhm Markus , Slominski Andrzej T. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractMelanogenesis is a key parameter of differentiation in melanocytes and melanoma cells; therefore, search for factors regulating this pathway are strongly desired. Herein, we investigated the effects of melatonin, a ubiquitous physiological mediator that is found throughout animals and plants. In mammals, the pineal gland secretes this indoleamine into the blood circulation to exert an extensive repertoire of biological activities. Our in vitro assessment indicates an oncostatic capacity of melatonin in time‐dependent manner (24, 48, 72 hours) in highly pigmented MNT‐1 melanoma cells. The similar pattern of regulation regarding cell viability was observed in amelanotic Sk‐Mel‐28 cells. Subsequently, MNT‐1 cells were tested for the first time for evaluation of melanin/melatonin interaction. Thus primary, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy demonstrated that melatonin reduced melanin content. Artificially induced disturbances of melanogenesis by selected inhibitors (N‐phenylthiourea or kojic acid) were slightly antagonized by melatonin. Additionally, analysis using transmission electron microscopy has shown that melatonin, particularly at higher dose of 10−3 mol/L, triggered the appearance of premelanosomes (stage I‐II of melanosome) and MNT‐1 cells synthesize de novo endogenous melatonin shown by LC‐MS. In conclusion, these studies show a melanogenic‐like function of melatonin suggesting it as an advantageous agent for treatment of pigmentary disorders.
Bridging the Gap Between Theory and Practice in Neurofeedback Training for Attention
Authors: Krell Jason , Todd Anderson , Dolecki Patrick K. 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACTModernizing classroom pedagogical practice requires openness to revisiting previously held assumptions and theories about what constitutes authentic teaching/learning cycles. The ever‐growing gap between the number of stimuli that students are exposed to and their available attentional resources indicates that sustained attention may have increasing value transitioning into 21st‐century learning environments requiring self‐reflection, collaborative learning, and self‐directed decision‐making. Neurofeedback has shown promise in laboratory and clinical settings as a tool for building sustained attention, but little in situ research has been completed in bringing the technology into the school for empirical testing. Furthermore, attentional research lacks connections between neural network modeling and observable neuromarkers for attention. This article aims to bridge these distinct concepts to support an understanding of the potential impacts of neurofeedback training (NT) and to provide a framework for other Mind, Brain, and Education researchers planning in situ NT studies.
Coordinating septum formation and the actomyosin ring during cytokinesis in Schizosaccharomyces pombe
Authors: Hercyk Brian S. , Onwubiko Udo N. , Das Maitreyi E. 
Published: September 2019

SummaryDuring cytokinesis, animal and fungal cells form a membrane furrow via actomyosin ring constriction. Our understanding of actomyosin ring‐driven cytokinesis stems extensively from the fission yeast model system. However, unlike animal cells, actomyosin ring constriction occurs simultaneously with septum formation in fungi. While the formation of an actomyosin ring is essential for cytokinesis in fission yeast, proper furrow formation also requires septum deposition. The molecular mechanisms of spatiotemporal coordination of septum deposition with actomyosin ring constriction are poorly understood. Although the role of the actomyosin ring as a mechanical structure driving furrow formation is better understood, its role as a spatiotemporal landmark for septum deposition is not widely discussed. Here we review and discuss the recent advances describing how the actomyosin ring spatiotemporally regulates membrane traffic to promote septum‐driven cytokinesis in fission yeast. Finally, we explore emerging questions in cytokinesis, and discuss the role of extracellular matrix during cytokinesis in other organisms.
Horizontal transfer of a pathway for coumarate catabolism unexpectedly inhibits purine nucleotide biosynthesis
Authors: Close Dan M. , Cooper Connor J. , Wang Xingyou , Chirania Payal , Gupta Madhulika , Ossyra John R. , Giannone Richard J. , Engle Nancy , Tschaplinski Timothy J. , Smith Jeremy C. , Hedstrom Lizbeth , Parks Jerry M. , Michener Joshua K. 
Published: September 2019

SummaryA microbe’s ecological niche and biotechnological utility are determined by its specific set of co‐evolved metabolic pathways. The acquisition of new pathways, through horizontal gene transfer or genetic engineering, can have unpredictable consequences. Here we show that two different pathways for coumarate catabolism failed to function when initially transferred into Escherichia coli. Using laboratory evolution, we elucidated the factors limiting activity of the newly acquired pathways and the modifications required to overcome these limitations. Both pathways required host mutations to enable effective growth with coumarate, but the necessary mutations differed. In one case, a pathway intermediate inhibited purine nucleotide biosynthesis, and this inhibition was relieved by single amino acid replacements in IMP dehydrogenase. A strain that natively contains this coumarate catabolism pathway, Acinetobacter baumannii, is resistant to inhibition by the relevant intermediate, suggesting that natural pathway transfers have faced and overcome similar challenges. Molecular dynamics simulation of the wild type and a representative single‐residue mutant provide insight into the structural and dynamic changes that relieve inhibition. These results demonstrate how deleterious interactions can limit pathway transfer, that these interactions can be traced to specific molecular interactions between host and pathway, and how evolution or engineering can alleviate these limitations.
The effects of multimedia education on postoperative delirium in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Fahimi Kosar , Abbasi Ali , Zahedi Mahdi , Amanpour Farzaneh , Ebrahimi Hossein 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundPatients undergoing cardiac surgeries are at high risk of developing delirium.Aims and objectivesThe present study aimed to determine the effects of multimedia education on postoperative delirium in patients undergoing a coronary artery bypass graft.DesignThis study was a randomized clinical trial.MethodsIn this study, 110 patients undergoing a coronary artery bypass graft were assigned to two groups, control and intervention. Patients in the intervention group received multimedia education, and those in the control group received routine training. The inclusion criteria were experiencing the coronary artery bypass graft for the first time and non‐development of post‐operative cardiogenic shock or myocardial rupture. After measuring the level of consciousness, patients were examined in terms of delirium using the confusion assessment method for the ICU scale twice a day from admission to discharge from the ICU. The data were statistically analysed using χ2 test and Fisher′s exact test.ResultsPatients of both groups were matched in terms of demographics. The highest incidence of delirium was observed on the first day after surgery in the intervention group (14.5%) and in the morning of the second day after surgery (29.1%) in the control group. Moreover, there was a significant difference between the two groups in the incidence of delirium in the morning of the second, third, and fourth days after surgery as it was higher in the control group over these days.ConclusionConsidering the lower incidence of post‐operative delirium in patients who experienced multimedia education rather than control group, the use of this non‐pharmaceutical method is recommended to prevent delirium in such patients.Relevance to clinical practiceDelirium is also an acute organic brain syndrome that often leads to complicated conditions after cardiac surgeries. Fortunately, delirium is a preventable issue. The implementation of multimedia education as a non‐pharmacological approach had positive effects on patients′ delirium.
Minimally Invasive Treatment of Mason Type II Radial Head Fracture by Intramedullary Pinning
Authors: Gao Xu , Yin Hai‐lei , Zhou Guang‐jie 
Published: September 2019

ObjectiveTo evaluate the outcome of Mason type II radial head fractures treated by intramedullary pinning.MethodsFrom May 2013 to March 2017, we respectively reviewed 25 patients affected by Mason type II radial head fractures. A total of 12 patients who met criteria for inclusion and exclusion were collected and analyzed. They were all isolated displaced partial articular radial head fractures and treated with intramedullary pinning using titanium elastic nails (TEN). The patients comprised eight men and four women with the mean age of 40 years (range, 21–58 years). The clinical evaluation included the range of motion (ROM) in the elbow, the shortened disabilities of the arm, shoulder and hand questionnaire (QuickDASH), the visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain rating, and the Mayo Elbow Performance Score (MEPS). Follow‐up radiographs to monitor related complications were evaluated as well.ResultsAll patients were followed‐up with a mean of 21.8 months (range, 12–28 months). The average range of elbow flexion‐extension was barely unaffected in the injured side when compared to the uninjured side (139.08° ± 3.14° vs 140.16° ± 3.01°, P = 0.398) as were pronation of the forearm (86.50° ± 2.75° vs 87.83° ± 2.12°, P = 0.197) and supination of the forearm (87.41° ± 2.53° vs 88.17° ± 1.95°, P = 0.425). The MEPS was 93.75 ± 5.28 points (range, 85–100), the QuickDASH revealed good to excellent results with 2.33 ± 4.56 points (range, 0–14), and the VAS for pain was 0.33 ± 0.78 (range, 0–2). Only two patients had a minor complication with constant affection of the superficial branch of radial nerve.ConclusionIntramedullary pinning technique in the treatment of Mason type II radial head fractures is minimally traumatic and effective and represents good to excellent results in adults.
Genomic regions associated with resistance to peanut bud necrosis disease (PBND) in a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population
Authors: Jadhav Yashoda , Manohar Surendra S. , Sunkad Gururaj , Kannalli Viswanatha P. , Pandey Manish K. , Variath Murali T. , Yaduru Shasidhar , Kona Praveen , Varshney Rajeev K. , Pasupuleti Janila 
Published: September 2019

AbstractParents and 318 F8 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from the cross, TAG 24 × ICGV 86031 were evaluated for peanut bud necrosis disease (PBND) resistance and agronomic traits under natural infestation of thrips at a disease hotspot location for 2 years. Significant genotype, environment and genotype × environment interaction effects suggested role of environment in development and spread of the disease. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis using QTL Cartographer identified a total of 14 QTL for six traits of which five QTL were for disease incidence. One quantitative trait locus q60DI located on LG_AhII was identified using both QTL Cartographer and QTL Network. Another QTL q90DI was detected with a high PVE of 12.57 using QTL Cartographer. A total of nine significant additive × additive (AA) interactions were detected for PBND disease incidence and yield traits with two and seven interactions displaying effects in favour of the parental and recombinant genotype combinations, respectively. This is the first attempt on QTL discovery associated with PBND resistance in peanut. Superior RILs identified in the study can be recycled or released as variety following further evaluations.
Prognostic factors for event‐free survival in liver transplantation for hepatoblastoma: A single‐center experience
Authors: Lauferman Leandro , Halac Esteban , Aredes Diego , Cañon Reyes Isabel , Cervio Guillermo , Dip Marcelo , Minetto Julia , Reijenstein Hayellen , Meza Veronica , Gole Maria , Jacobo Dillon Agustina , Rose Adriana , Imventarza Oscar 
Published: September 2019

AbstractHepatoblastoma (HB) is the most common malignant liver tumor in children. Twenty percent of the cases may remain unresectable after neoadjuvant chemotherapy and, for these patients, liver transplant (LT) is an accepted therapeutic option. To analyze the risk factors to event‐free survival (EFS) that influence the clinical outcome of patients with HB receiving LT, we retrospectively analyzed 21 patients with HB who underwent LT between January 1, 2005, and May 1, 2018. Overall survival (OS) was 90%. The univariate analysis shows that the AFP level at the time of LT was associated with a higher risk of EFS. With a ROC curve analysis, we established a cutoff point value of AFP levels at 16 000 ng/dL, with a sensitivity of 71.43% and a specificity of 85.71%. Multivariate analysis showed that patients with higher values of pretransplant AFP (>16 000 ng/dL) had a significantly higher risk of EFS than those transplanted with lower levels (HR: 10.180; 95% CI: 1.54‐66.97; P = .02). Efforts should be made to improve the selection of candidates for LT for unresectable HB, aiming at a better definition of chemoresistance as a risk factor of poor outcomes.