bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early endosome autoantigen 1 regulates IL-1β release upon caspase-1 activation independently of gasdermin D membrane permeabilization
Authors: Baroja-Mazo Alberto , Compan Vincent , Martín-Sánchez Fátima , Tapia-Abellán Ana , Couillin Isabelle , Pelegrín Pablo 
Published: April 2019

AbstractUnconventional protein secretion represents an important process of the inflammatory response. The release of the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-1β which burst during pyroptosis as a consequence of gasdermin D plasma membrane pore formation, can also occur through other unconventional secretion pathways dependent on caspase-1 activation. However, how caspase-1 mediates cytokine release independently of gasdermin D remains poorly understood. Here we show that following caspase-1 activation by different inflammasomes, caspase-1 cleaves early endosome autoantigen 1 (EEA1) protein at Asp127/132. Caspase-1 activation also results in the release of the endosomal EEA1 protein in a gasdermin D-independent manner. EEA1 knock-down results in adecreased release of caspase-1 and IL-1β, but the pyroptotic release of other inflammasome components and lactate dehydrogenase was not affected. This study shows how caspase-1 control the release of EEA1 and IL-1β in a pyroptotic-independent manner.
Mechanical Twinning is a Correlated Dynamic Process
Authors: Vinogradov A. , Agletdinov E. , Merson D. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractPlastic deformation and fracture of materials is accompanied by generation of elastic wave transients known as acoustic emissions (AE). A novel complex methodology combining the statistical analysis of distributions of time intervals between the successive AE events, and the unsupervised cluster analysis of the time series is proposed to test for possible correlations between emitting sources and to highlight their intrinsic dynamics. Aiming at revealing the essential temporal features of the twinning and dislocation dynamics, the proposed methodology was applied to the AE signals produced during plastic deformation in a magnesium alloy where both primary deformation modes - dislocation slip and twinning - operate concurrently. It has been undoubtedly demonstrated that the mechanical twinning belongs to a class of non-Poisson processes having a memory of the past in the millisecond range. As opposes to the correlated behaviour of twins, it was shown that the dislocation slip falls into the category of Poisson processes caused by independent sources.
Experimentelle Modelle für selektive Nerventransfers der
oberen Extremität: Modellbeschreibung und neurophysiologische
Effekte
Authors: Aman Martin , Sporer Matthias , Bergmeister Konstantin , Aszmann Oskar 
Published: April 2019

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Nerventransfers werden in der rekonstruktiven Chirurgie
eingesetzt um denervierte Muskeln zeitnahe zu reinnervieren. Obwohl sie
zunehmend in der Klinik eingesetzt werden, sind die neurobiologischen Grundlagen
nur unzureichend erforscht. Essentiell ist hierfür ein realistisches Tiermodel
an der oberen Extremität, da Nerventransfers klinisch hauptsächlich hier
routinemäßig angewandt werden. Diese Arbeit stellt adulte und neonatale
Rattenmodelle vor, bei denen durch einen Nerventransfer des N. ulnaris die
Ellbogenflexion wiederhergestellt wurde.
Methoden Basierend auf anatomischen Studien in 10 adulten und 5 neonatalen
Sprague-Dawley Ratten wurde ein Modell kreiert bei dem der M. biceps brachii
durch einen Nerventransfer des N. ulnaris reinnerviert wird. Anschließend wurde
in 40 Ratten (30 adulte und 10 neonatale) das Caput laterale des M. biceps
mittels Transfer des N. ulnaris bzw. des R. profundus n. ulnaris (RPF)
reinnerviert und nach 12 Wochen Regenerationszeit hinsichtlich funktioneller
Parameter wie der Muskelkraft und des Muskelgewichtes evaluiert.
Ergebnisse Alle Ratten wiesen eine konstante neuronale Anatomie auf und
auch in Neonaten war der supermikrochirurgische Nerventransfer reproduzierbar.
Alle Nerventransfers reinnervierten den M. biceps brachii und konnten
hinsichtlich funktioneller Parameter evaluiert werden. Hier zeigte sich eine
Regeneration der Muskelkraft von 2,47 + 0,25 N bei einem Muskelgewicht von
313,8 + 0,25 mg in der Ulnaris-Transfer Gruppe. In der RPF-Transfer Gruppe lag
der Wert bei 1,96 + 0,65 N bzw. 226,7 + 0,65 mg und die neonatale Gruppe
erreichte 1,1 + 0,23 N Muskelkraft bei 85,5 + 0,23 mg Muskelgewicht. Die nativen
Kontrollen ergaben 2,78 + 0,24 N an Kraft bei 325,6 + 0,24 mg Muskelgewicht.
Diskussion Um der klinischen Translation gerecht zu werden, bedarf es
eines geeigneten Tiermodelles der oberen Extremität. Alle hier gezeigten Modelle
waren anatomisch konstant und mikrochirurgisch reproduzierbar. Es zeigte sich
eine erfolgreiche Regeneration in allen Gruppen nach den jeweiligen
Nerventransfers. Die Unterschiede zwischen den Gruppen lassen sich durch die
verschiedene Anzahl an Spenderaxonen erklären. Des Weiteren, scheint die
neuronale Plastizität des Neonaten einen Einfluss auf das Regenerationspotential
zu nehmen. Schlussfolgerung: Die hier gezeigten Modelle bilden eine Basis zur
Evaluation der Veränderungen von Nerventransfers auf allen Ebenen der
motorischen Einheit.
Distal Femoral Replacement for Periprosthetic Fractures around Total Knee Arthroplasty: When and How?
Authors: Khan Saad , Schmidt Andrew 
Published: April 2019

AbstractPeriprosthetic fractures around total knee arthroplasty have become more common with the increasing incidence of total knee arthroplasty. These fractures are challenging to treat, especially in older patients with poor bone stock. Although open reduction internal fixation remains the most common treatment, revision with distal femoral replacement has become popular in recent years. Careful evaluation and planning are required to have successful outcomes. We present a review of distal femoral replacement in periprosthetic fractures around the total knee arthroplasty, along with surgical technique, and pearls and pitfalls.
The rise of microcredit ‘control fraud’ in post-apartheid South Africa: from state-enforced to market-driven exploitation of the black community
Authors: Bateman Milford 
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACTThe end of apartheid in South Africa in the early 1990s did not see the envisaged end to the exploitation of the black South African population, but instead saw simply a shift from state-backed exploitation to market-driven exploitation. This trajectory is especially germane to the country’s microcredit industry, which has spectacularly and wilfully enriched a narrow white male elite while simultaneously helping to fragment and destroy the local rural and urban economies of the black poor. As this article demonstrates, a major aspect of this one-sided enrichment process has involved ‘control fraud’, the process whereby the CEO and senior management of a financial institution use their seniority to defraud customers, shareholders, the government and the general public as they go about maximising their own private short-term financial gains. Already a problem elsewhere in the global South, South Africa has thus joined the growing list of countries that have seen control fraud in the microcredit sector undermine and block progress towards more productive, sustainable and equitable local economies.
Ensemble learning reveals dissimilarity between rare-earth transition-metal binary alloys with respect to the Curie temperature
Authors: Nguyen Duong-Nguyen , Pham Tien-Lam , Nguyen Viet-Cuong , Kino Hiori , Miyake Takashi , Dam Hieu-Chi 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
We propose a data-driven method to extract dissimilarity between materials, with respect to a given target physical property. The technique is based on an ensemble method with Kernel ridge regression as the predicting model; multiple random subset sampling of the materials is done to generate prediction models and the corresponding contributions of the reference training materials in detail. The distribution of the predicted values for each material can be approximated by a Gaussian mixture models. The reference training materials contributed to the prediction model that accurately predicts the physical property value of a specific material, are considered to be similar to that material, or vice versa. Evaluations using synthesized data demonstrate that the proposed method can effectively measure the dissimilarity between data instances. An application of the analysis method on the data of Curie temperature (

T

C

) of binary 3d transition metal- 4f rare-earth binary alloys also reveals meaningful results on the relations between the materials. The proposed method can be considered as a potential tool for obtaining a deeper understanding of the structure of data, with respect to a target property, in particular.
Profit Shifting and Industrial Heterogeneity
Authors: Barrios Salvador , d'Andria Diego 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Base erosion and profit shifting undermines tax revenues collection and raises public discontent in times when the tax burden has increased significantly for households in most developed economies. In addition, new forms of profit shifting related to intangible investment have emerged rapidly along the traditional use of transfer pricing and debt shifting by multinational companies. In this article, using worldwide company level data for the period 2004–2013, we demonstrate that the sectoral differences in profit shifting are a serious concern from a welfare and policy perspectives. Sectors performing more profit shifting lower their average cost of capital and are thus able to attract more investment to the detriment of sectors less able to dodge taxes. We develop a multilevel model and provide indirect evidence of the welfare costs caused by profit shifting by estimating the cross-sectoral variance of semi-elasticity of declared profit. We also demonstrate that having a larger share of intangible assets is not per se related to more profit shifting and that it may point instead to cross-sectoral differences. Finally, we detect almost no financial shifting and find that the largest part of profit shifting is done by means of transfer pricing.
Extubation on the operating table in patients with right ventricular pressure overload undergoing biventricular repair†
Authors: Nawrocki Pawel , Wisniewski Konrad , Schmidt Christoph , Bruenen Andreas , Debus Volker , Malec Edward , Januszewska Katarzyna 
Published: April 2019

AbstractOBJECTIVESRight ventricular pressure overload, which can result in restrictive right ventricular physiology, predicts slow recovery after biventricular repair of congenital heart defects. The goal of the study was to assess how extubation in the operating room influences the postoperative course in these patients.METHODSBetween January 2013 and June 2017, a total of 65 children [median age 0.96 (0.13–9.47) years; median weight 8 (3.05–25.8) kg] with right ventricular pressure overload underwent an intracardiac correction. The most common malformations were tetralogy of Fallot (n = 34) and double outlet right ventricle with pulmonary stenosis (n = 11). The patients were divided into 2 groups: the first (n = 36) comprised late extubated (LE) and the second (n = 29), early extubated (EE) children, immediately after chest closure in the operating room. Preoperative, perioperative and postoperative records were analysed retrospectively.RESULTSChildren who had EE had a lower heart rate (EE 124.2 vs LE 133.6 bpm; P = 0.03), higher arterial blood pressure (systolic: EE 87.9 ± 9.35 vs LE 81.4 ± 12.0 mmHg; P = 0.029; diastolic: EE 51.1 ± 6.5 vs LE 45.9 ± 6.64 mmHg; P = 0.003), lower central venous pressure (EE 8.6 ± 1.89 mmHg vs LE 9.9 ± 2.42 mmHg; P = 0.03), fewer pleural effusions in the first 6 postoperative days (EE 1.38 ml/kg/day vs LE 5.98 ml/kg/day; P = 0.009), shorter time of dopamine support ≥3 μg/kg (EE 7.29 ± 12.26 h vs LE 34.78 ± 38.05 h, P < 0.001), shorter stays in the intensive care unit (EE 2.7 ± 2.67 vs LE 5.0 ± 4.77 days, P = 0.001) and hospital (EE 11.8 ± 4.79 vs LE 15.5 ± 7.8 days; P = 0.022).CONCLUSIONSExtubation in the operating room of children with right ventricular pressure overload undergoing biventricular correction is feasible and safe and has a beneficial effect on the postoperative course.
Association Between Amyloid-β, Small-vessel Disease, and Neurodegeneration Biomarker Positivity, and Progression to Mild Cognitive Impairment in Cognitively Normal Individuals
Authors: Nadkarni Neelesh K , Tudorascu Dana , Campbell Elizabeth , Snitz Beth E , Cohen Annie D , Halligan Edye , Mathis Chester A , Aizenstein Howard J , Klunk William E 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Background: We estimated the prevalence and incidence of amyloid-β deposition (A), small-vessel disease (V), and neurodegeneration (N) biomarker positivity in community-dwelling cognitively normal individuals (CN). We determined the longitudinal association between the respective biomarker indices with progression to all-cause mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and its amnestic and nonamnestic subtypes.
Methods: CN participants, recruited by advertising, underwent brain [C-11]Pittsburgh Compound-B (PiB)-positron emission tomography (PET), magnetic resonance imaging, and [F-18]fluoro-2-deoxy-glucose (FDG)-PET, and were designated as having high or low amyloid-β (A+/A−), greater or lower white matter hyperintensities burden (V+/V−) and diminished or normal cortical glucose metabolism (N+/N−). MCI was adjudicated using clinical assessments. We examined the association between A, V, and N biomarker positivity at study baseline and endpoint, with progression to MCI using linear regression, Cox proportional hazards and Kaplan–Meier analyses adjusted for age and APOE-ε4 carrier status.
Results: In 98 CN individuals (average age 74 years, 65% female), A+, V+, and N+ prevalence was 26%, 33%, and 8%, respectively. At study endpoint (median: 5.5 years), an A+, but not a V+ or N+ scan, was associated with higher odds of all-cause MCI (Chi-square = 3.9, p = .048, odds ratio, 95% confidence interval = 2.6 [1.01–6.8]). Baseline A+, V+, or N+ were not associated with all-cause MCI, however, baseline A+ (p = .018) and A+N+ (p = .049), and endpoint A+N+ (p = .025) were associated with time to progression to amnestic, not nonamnestic, MCI.
Conclusion: Longitudinal assessments clarify the association between amyloid-β and progression to all-cause MCI in CN individuals. The association between biomarker positivity indices of amyloid-β and neurodegeneration, and amnestic MCI reflects the underlying pathology involved in the progression to prodromal Alzheimer’s disease.
Association Between Baseline Glycemic Markers (HbA1c) and 8-Year Trajectories of Functional Disability
Authors: Mutambudzi Miriam , Díaz-Venegas Carlos , Menon Sonia 
Published: April 2019

Abstract

Background
This study assessed whether baseline (i) HbA1c (low [<5.7%], intermediate [5.7%–6.4%], and high [≥6.5%]) and (ii) glycemic control (7% HbA1c cutoff) in participants with self-reported diabetes were associated with differential 8-year functional disability trajectories.

Methods
We used data from the 2006–2014 waves of the Health and Retirement Study for adults aged 50 years and older. Latent class mixture modeling was used to identify distinct functional disability trajectory classes. Multinomial logistic regression analysis examined the association between the newly constructed trajectories and baseline HbA1c levels, and glycemic control, respectively.

Results
All participants (N = 5,966) were classified into four functional disability trajectory classes (no disability, low disability, low-increasing, and high-increasing). Participants with elevated HbA1c were at greater risk of being classified into the high-increasing (relative risk ratios = 1.63, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.25–2.11) trajectory class. Results showed significant effect modification by age and race. Three functional disability trajectories (no disability, low-increasing, and high-increasing) were identified for participants with self-reported diabetes (n = 1,119). There was no significant association between glycemic control in adults with self-reported diabetes and functional disability trajectory classes.

Conclusions
Participants with intermediate HbA1c and elevated HbA1c were more likely to be classified into the trajectories with progressing disability over the study period. More research is needed to better understand the association between glycemic markers and functional disability trajectories. Such research may provide insights into improvements for clinical care, self-management, and public health interventions for both conditions.
Haemangioendothelioma: a disease with surgical options from robotic surgery to open superior vena cava replacement
Authors: Cosgun Tugba , Kaba Erkan , Ayalp Kemal , Elbegi Ipek Coban , Toker Alper 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Epithelioid haemangioendothelioma is a malignant tumour of vascular origin that can occur in the mediastinum. Operative treatment techniques may vary depending on the localization. Our goal was to focus on different surgical techniques, ranging from simple stapling of the vascular structure to replacement of the superior vena cava.
Scale Thickness Predicts Skin Puncture-Force Resistance in Three Pleuronectiform Fishes
Authors: Minicozzi M R , Perez J , Kimball D S , Gibb A C 
Published: April 2019

Synopsis
In fishes, the skin and scales provide a physical barrier to the external environment and must withstand direct physical insult from biotic and abiotic features of the habitat. Flatfishes likely rely heavily on their scales for physical defense because they rest directly on the substrate. Using a flatfish model, we asked: what are the effects of scale type and scale morphology on puncture force resistance? We also asked: are there morphological and functional differences between the eyed and blind sides in flatfishes and do the morphological and functional properties of scales vary with organism size? Using a large size range of three species of Pleuronectid flatfish (Isopsetta isolepis, n = 10; Parophrys vetulus, n = 10; and Platichthys stellatus, n = 12), we measured the force required to puncture the integument using a sample of skin+scales taken from the eyed and blind side of each individual. We also measured the diameter, area, and thickness of the scales of each individual. Scaling relationships (body length vs. variable of interest) were derived for each species and compared with a priori expectations of geometric similarity. We found no relationship between scale type and puncture resistance and no differences in morphological parameters or puncture resistance between the eyed and blind side within a given species. These flatfish species do vary in their ability to withstand puncture forces; however, once scale thickness is taken into account, species differences disappear. Thus, the ability of a flatfish to withstand mechanical insult from puncture-forces varies depending on the thickness of the scale.
GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT SYMPOSIUM: STEM AND PROGENITOR CELLS IN ANIMAL GROWTH: Long noncoding RNAs in adipogenesis and adipose development of meat animals12
Authors: Wei Shengjuan , Li Anning , Zhang Lifan , Du Min 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Sequencing technology, especially next-generation RNA sequencing, has greatly facilitated the identification and annotation of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs). In mammals, a large number of lncRNAs have been identified, which regulate various biological processes. An increasing number of lncRNAs have been identified which could function as key regulators of adipogenesis (adipocyte formation), a key step of the development of adipose tissue. Because proper adipose tissue development is a key factor affecting animal growth efficiency, lean/fat ratio, and meat quality, summarizing the roles and recent advances of lncRNAs in adipogenesis is needed in order to develop strategies to effectively manage fat deposition. In this review, we updated lncRNAs contributed to the regulation of adipogenesis, focusing on their roles in fat development of farm animals.
Development and Validation of an Analytical Method for Quantitation of Sulfolane in Rat and Mouse Plasma by GC–MS
Authors: Silinski Melanie A Rehder , Uenoyama Teruyo , Cooper Stephen D , Fernando Reshan A , Robinson Veronica G , Waidyanatha Suramya 
Published: April 2019

AbstractSulfolane is an industrial solvent commonly used for extraction of aromatic hydrocarbons in the oil refining process, as well in the purification of natural gas. Its wide use and high solubility in water has led to contamination of groundwater. The objective of this work was to develop and validate an analytical method to quantitate sulfolane in rodent plasma in support of the National Toxicology Program toxicology and toxicokinetic studies of sulfolane. The method uses extraction of plasma with ethyl acetate and analysis by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry with electron ionization. The method was validated in male Sprague Dawley (SD) rat plasma over the concentration range of 20–100,000 ng/mL. The method was linear (r ≥ 0.99), accurate (mean relative error (RE) ≤ ±5.1%) and precise (relative standard deviation (RSD) ≤ 2.9%). The absolute recovery was ≥74%. The limit of detection was 0.516 ng/mL. Standards as high as ~2.5 mg/mL could be successfully diluted into the calibration range (mean %RE ≤ ±4.5; %RSD ≤ 4.6). Extracted samples were stable for at least 3 days at ambient and refrigerated temperatures, and freeze/thaw stability in matrix was demonstrated after three cycles over 3 days (calculated concentrations within 90.8–102% of Day 0 concentrations). Sulfolane was stable in frozen plasma for at least 75 days at −80°C (calculated concentrations within 93.0–98.1% of Day 0 concentrations). Matrix evaluation was performed for sulfolane in female SD rat plasma and male and female B6C3F1 mouse plasma (mean %RE ≤ ±4.9; %RSD ≤ 3.3). These data demonstrate that the method is suitable for determination of sulfolane in rodent plasma.
Sampling Methods for Adventive Trissolcus japonicus (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) in a Wild Tree Host of Halyomorpha halys (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae)
Authors: Quinn N F , Talamas E J , Leskey T C , Bergh J C 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) is an invasive pest that has established in much of the United States. Adventive populations of an effective Asian egg parasitoid of H. halys, Trissolcus japonicus (Ashmead) (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae), have been detected in several states, including Virginia, and its geographic range is expanding. Documenting changes in its distribution and abundance have thus become key research priorities. For these specific purposes, surveillance of T. japonicus over large geographic areas using sentinel H. halys egg masses may not be optimally efficient, and examination of alternative sampling tactics is warranted. In 2016, sentinel H. halys egg masses were deployed as vertical transects in the canopy of female Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle (Sapindales: Simaroubaceae) in Virginia. A brief follow-up study in 2016 using yellow sticky traps deployed in the same trees yielded captures of T. japonicus, leading to a comparison of vertical transects of sentinel eggs and yellow sticky traps in 2017. Both methods yielded T. japonicus detections only in the middle and upper tree canopies, whereas other known H. halys parasitoids were detected in the lower, middle, or upper canopies. Based on this information, a method for deploying yellow sticky traps in the middle canopy of H. halys host trees was assessed in 2017, yielding T. japonicus captures. A comparison of estimated time inputs revealed that traps were more efficient than sentinel eggs in this regard. Results are discussed in relation to the utility of each sampling method to address specific questions about the range expansion and ecology of T. japonicus.