bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A review on the latest advances in extraction and analysis of artemisinin
Authors: Nahar Lutfun , Guo Mingquan , Sarker Satyajit D. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIntroductionArtemisinin (1), a well‐known natural antimalarial drug, is a sesquiterpene lactone that contains a unique peroxide bridge. Since its discovery, the amount of research into the analysis of artemisinin has increased considerably, and it has been further intensified since the Noble Prize win by Tu Youyou in the year 2015 for the discovery of artemisinin.ObjectiveTo review literature on the extraction and analysis of artemisinin, published during 2017–present, and to present an appraisal of those methods.MethodologyExtensive literature search was carried out which involved, but not limited to, the use of, various databases, like Web of Knowledge, PubMed and Google Scholar, and relevant published materials including published books. The keywords used, in various combinations, with artemisinin being present in all combinations, in the search were artemisinin, Artemisia annua, analysis, extraction, quantitative, qualitative and quality control.ResultsDuring the period covered in this review, several methods of analysis of artemisinin have been reported, the most of which were liquid chromatography (LC)‐based methods. However, the use of new methods like near‐infrared analysis, fluorometirc analysis and molecular imprinting, and a significant increase in the use of computational tools have been observed. Mainly several methods involving supercritical fluid extraction and ultrasound‐assisted extraction of artemisinin have dominated the extraction area.ConclusionsNewer analytical tools, as well as improved protocols for the known analytical tools, for qualitative and quantitative determination of artemisinin (1), have been made available by various researchers during the period covered by this review. Supercritical fluid extraction and ultrasound‐assisted extraction are still the methods of choice for extraction of artemisinin.
Future Technology Photonics – Is the Product Development Ready for Automotive?
Authors: Bey Nadine 
Published: August 2019

AbstractPhotonic technologies will be an essential part of future automobiles. But to become an automotive supplier and successfully persist in that industry, companies will have to fulfill very formal requirements regarding their product development process: Automotive SPICE. This article shortly summarizes its essentials and the greatest differences between the photonics and automotive world. Then it guides the reader through the most important quick wins to make the product development of companies in the relevant photonics field ready for Automotive SPICE.
Importance of Beam Analysis for Industry 4.0
Authors: Stumpp Barbara 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe laser revolutionized production. Compared to resistance spot welding, the machining speed has been increased by more than 50 % and it allows new joining and construction concepts. But whether car body parts are welded or turbine blades are repaired by laser powder cladding, both require the highest process quality and thus optimal adjustment of the laser parameters. From this point of view, the use of laser diagnostic systems, such as the PowerMeasuringModule and the FocusParameterMonitor from Primes, is worthwhile.
Factors associated with the decline of psychological support in hospitalized patients with cancer
Authors: Pichler Theresia , Dinkel Andreas , Marten‐Mittag Birgitt , Hermelink Kerstin , Telzerow Eva , Ackermann Ulrike , Belka Claus , Combs Stephanie E. , Gratzke Christian , Gschwend Jürgen , Harbeck Nadia , Heinemann Volker , Herkommer Kathleen , Kiechle Marion , Mahner Sven , Pigorsch Steffi , Rauch Josefine , Stief Christian , Beckmann Jürgen , Heußner Pia , Herschbach Peter 
Published: August 2019

AbstractObjectiveMany distressed cancer patients do not want or, finally, do not use psychological support. This study aimed at identifying factors associated with the decline of psychological support during hospital stay.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study included inpatients with different cancer diagnoses. Distress was assessed using the short form of the Questionnaire on Stress in Cancer Patients‐Revised (QSC‐R10) and the Distress Thermometer (DT). Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with decline.ResultsOf 925 patients, 71.6% (n = 662) declined psychological support. Male sex (OR = 2.54, 95% CI = 1.69‐3.80), low psychosocial distress (OR = 3.76, CI = 2.50‐5.67), not feeling depressed (OR = 1.93, CI = 1.24‐2.99), perceived overload (OR = 3.37, CI = 2.19‐5.20), no previous psychological treatment (OR = 1.88, CI = 1.25‐2.83), and feeling well informed about psychological support (OR = 1.66, CI = 1.11‐2.46) were associated with decline. Among the patients who indicated clinical distress (46.2%), 53.9% declined psychological support. Male sex (OR = 2.96, CI = 1.71‐5.12), not feeling depressed (OR = 1.87, CI = 1.12‐3.14), perceived overload (OR = 5.37, CI = 3.07‐9.37), agreeableness (OR = 0.70, CI = 0.51‐0.95), and feeling well informed about psychological support (OR = 1.81, CI = 1.07‐3.07) were uniquely associated with decline in this subgroup.ConclusionsDecline of psychological support is primarily due to psychological factors. Feeling well informed about support emerged as a relevant factor associated with decline. Thus, design of informational material and education about available psychological services seem crucial.
Risk assessment of sewage sludge granulation process using HAZOP study
Authors: Więckol‐Ryk Angelika , Krzemień Alicja , Zawartka Paweł , Głodniok Marcin 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe article presents application of hazard and operability study (HAZOP) technique to identify and analyze hazards associated with the process of producing fertilizer granulates from sewage sludge. The aim was to indicate deviations from the proper performance of the system, which may occur at the operation stage of the installation for granulating sewage sludge, and, as a consequence, lead to interrupting the process. The hazards, that is, dangerous and harmful factors, which may generate dangerous events, were meticulously identified. Thanks to that, it was possible to propose preventive actions aimed at reducing risk at the stage of designing an installation. The research showed that producing fertilizer granulates from sewage sludge may generate an explosion hazard when dust and gases during the process of transportation or storage are present. Gases responsible for explosions such as NH3, H2S, CH4 are by‐products of the reaction of sewage sludge with the lime, while explosive dust consists of a microcrystalline cellulose powder. A few scenarios leading to epidemiological risk are associated with the composition of badly stabilized sewage sludge. Additionally, the material corrosion resulting from wrongly selected material and aggressive environment, were also identified. The HAZOP results were used to conduct process hazard assessment, which analyzed frequency of hazards in given technology nodes and categories of their potential consequences.
Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy and anti‐CD20 monoclonal antibodies: What do we know after 20 years of rituximab
Authors: Focosi Daniele , Tuccori Marco , Maggi Fabrizio 
Published: August 2019

SummaryIn 1997, rituximab was the first monoclonal antibody clinically approved for the treatment of cancer. Ten years later, progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML), until that time a rare opportunistic infection mostly seen in AIDS patients, was added as a black box warning after retrospective case‐control studies showed an increased incidence in both B‐cell lymphoproliferative disorders and autoimmune diseases. Despite more than 5 million worldwide exposures to date (and about 500 000 new exposures per year), insufficient data collection has hampered identification of risk minimization strategies, and concerns have been raised about a class effect extending to the newer anti‐CD20 monoclonal antibodies (ofatumumab, obinutuzumab, and ocrelizumab). Here, we report current PML case counts registered in the FAERS and EudraVigilance databases and comment on severe CD4+ T lymphopenia as a plausible common mechanism of action for anti‐CD20 antibodies in causation of PML.
Integrated fault detection and control for two‐dimensional Markovian jump systems
Authors: Li Zhiqiang , Li Qing , Ding Da‐Wei 
Published: August 2019

SummaryThis paper is concerned with the problem of integrated fault detection and control for a class of two‐dimensional (2D) discrete‐time Markovian jump systems. The mathematical model of 2D Markovian jump systems is established upon the well‐known Roesser model, and a faults detection filter/controller is proposed to detect faults and meet some control specifications simultaneously. In this strategy, it takes into account both the fault detection objective and the control objective simultaneously through certain performance levels. The integrated design problem is then formulated as a multi‐objective optimization problem, which is nonconvex in essence. Furthermore, a two‐step algorithm is developed to solve this nonconvex problem. Sufficient conditions for existence of the desired fault detection filter/controller are established in terms of LMIs. A numerical example is used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Trajectory tracking control for manned submersible system with disturbances via disturbance characterization index approach
Authors: Fang Xing , Liu Fei , Zhao Shengya 
Published: August 2019

SummaryThis paper investigates a novel disturbance estimation and characterization‐based robust control scheme of the manned submersible in the presence of external disturbances and model uncertainties. First of all, a finite‐time disturbance observer is designed to estimate the lumped disturbances of the manned submersible system. Then, a novel disturbance characterization index is defined via Lyapunov theory to indicate whether the lumped disturbances harm or benefit the manned submersible system. The control law is developed via the disturbance characterization–based backstepping control (DCB‐BC) method to remove the detrimental disturbances and to keep the beneficial disturbances of the manned submersible. Additionally, the rigorous stability analysis is given based on Lyapunov theory. Furthermore, some simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed DCB‐BC method. The key novelty of this paper is that the disturbances are explicitly used in the controller design to achieve better control performance and disturbance rejection capability.
Diagnose barriers to sustainable development: A study on “desensitization” in urban residents' green purchasing behavior
Authors: Yang Xianchuan , Zhang Lei 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIt is of great significance to remove barriers to green purchasing to improve the environmental governance efficiency of the green market. For this purpose, this paper takes the validity of the environmental “fear appeals” as the starting point and explores the formation mechanism of the “desensitization” to green consumption. Based on structural equation modeling and multiple regression model, we carried out an empirical study on a sample of 479 urban adult residents. The results show that media persuasion exerted a positive impact on green purchasing behavior through the perceived seriousness of environmental problems. The perceived seriousness of environmental problems positively impacted green purchasing behavior and played a partial mediated effect between media persuasion and green purchasing behavior. Meanwhile, the mediated effect of the perceived seriousness of environmental problems was negatively moderated by both perceived effectiveness of environmental behavior and switching costs. Moreover, the analysis of urban adults' “desensitization” to green consumption indicates that the formation mechanism of adults' “desensitization” was different from that of the minors. Our conclusions bear certain theoretical and practical significance for the media to correctly use green persuasion strategies and rectify bias in green attitudes and behaviors, as well as for enterprises to conduct green marketing, etc.
Sustainable development across the supply chain: The missing link of socio‐environmental effect
Authors: Muzaffar Asif , Khurshid Aitzaz , Malik Muhammad Nasir , Azhar Aisha 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis research investigates the relationship of environmental sustainability with the key supply chain stakeholders that form the base for the social dimension of sustainability. Employing the perspective of stakeholder theory in the area of supply chains, we find that improving environmental sustainability results in the strongest relationship with the customers in which it operates. Similarly, relationships with suppliers, employees, and community are also significant. The community relationship is the weakest Smart PLS for structural equation modeling is used to determine the nature of relationship. The results suggest that practitioners should strategize relationship with stakeholders by focusing on both social and environmental aspects of sustainability. It also enhances the reputation and brand value of the firm. The paper also contributes in extending the stakeholder theory within the domain of sustainable supply chain management.
Polyaromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH) Porphodimethene Conjugates: Conformational Features and Acid‐Anion Binding Properties
Authors: Nagpal Ritika , Arora Smriti , Ponnan Prija , Kharu‐Nisa  , Dandia Anshu , Singh Chauhan Shive Murat 
Published: August 2019

AbstractA series of trans substituted porphodimethenes carrying varied PAH (polyaromatic hydrocarbon) substituents from phenyl to hexabenzocoronene have been synthesized. Spectroscopic and DFT (Density Functional Theory) studies clearly show that PDMs (Porphodimethenes) exhibit distortion from rooftop structure and approach planarity with increase in size of PAH units. The diacid form H2(PDM).2X− upon addition of several acids to PDMs have been characterized where X denotes Cl−, Br−, CH3SO3−, CF3COO− accompanied by an exceptional chromogenic color change from yellow to dark pink initiating with higher aromatics. The unique conformational changes with distinct color changes were monitored by UV visible, 1H NMR spectroscopy, DFT computations.
Direct C‐H Arylation of N‐Heterocycles with Aryl Triazenes Using Molecular Oxygen as Oxidant
Authors: Chaubey Narendra R. , Vishwakarma Ramesh Kumar , Singh Krishna Nand 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAn efficient C−H arylation of N‐heterocycles has been developed using stable and easily accessible aryl triazenes in the presence of oxygen under metal‐ and peroxide‐free conditions. The methodology is regiospecific and applicable to a wide range of electron‐deficient N‐heterocycles and aryl triazenes as demonstrated by 20 examples with yields ranging from 32–83%.
ZrO2/SO42−/Cu as a Multifunctional, Durable, Efficient, and Heterogeneous Recoverable Inorgano‐Nanocatalyst for the Green Preparation of Quinolines
Authors: Nasseri Mohammad Ali , Alavi Seyyedeh Ameneh , Kazemnejadi Milad , Allahresani Ali 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAn efficient, simple and highly versatile method for the preparation of quinoline derivatives was developed via the Friedländer annulation reaction of 2‐aminoarylketones with carbonyl compounds using copper‐incorporated sulfated zirconium oxide (ZrO2/SO42−/Cu) as a heterogeneous recyclable nanocatalyst. The catalyst was characterized by FTIR, TG‐DTG, XRD, EDX, FE‐SEM and TEM analyses. Surface acidity of the catalyst was measured by pyridine adsorption followed by FTIR spectroscopy. The catalyst contains various Lewis‐ and Brønsted acid sites, which along with the incorporated copper, provides high to excellent yields for all compounds in water as a green solvent at room temperature for short reaction times. The catalyst could be efficiently reused for several runs without any appreciable loss of activity. In addition, the scalability of the process was investigated in this work. Finally, a plausible reaction mechanism was suggested for this transformation.
Preparation And Characterizations Of Poly(vinyl butyral)/Caprolactam/Polyethylene Glycols Hydrophilic Flat‐sheet Membrane Through Thermally Induced Phase Separation
Authors: Xu Yangyang , Luo Yunying , Wang Feng , Li Chengcai , Wang Jieqi , Zhu Hailin , Guo Yuhai 
Published: August 2019

AbstractPoly(vinyl butyral)/caprolactam/polyethylene glycols hydrophilic flat‐sheet membranes were prepared via thermally induced phase separation (TIPS) for the first time. Poly(vinyl butyral) (PVB) was used as polymers,caprolactam (CPL) and polyethylene glycols (PEG) were used as mixed diluent. In all situations, the system occurs liquid‐liquid (L−L) phase separation to obtain asymmetric honeycomb structures. The effects of PVB concentration and molecular weight of PEG on the structure and performance of the flat‐sheet membranes were investigated in detail. Herein, the obtained PVB/CPL/PEG microporous membrane has some hydrophilicity and high BSA rejection ratio. Particularly, when the PVB concentration was 30 wt%, the PVB/CPL/PEG200 membrane achieved the highest bovine serum albumin (BSA) rejection of 85.36%. The prepared membrane had good antipollution performance, and the minimum adsorption amount of BSA was 4.94 g/m2. Those results show the PVB microporous membrane has great application prospects in the field of water treatment.
Blockchain‐based trusted data sharing among trusted stakeholders in IoT
Authors: Shi Peichang , Wang Huaimin , Yang Shangzhi , Chen Chang , Yang Wentao 
Published: August 2019

SummarySharing trusted data among trusted stakeholders is very important to large‐scale Internet of Things (IoT) applications. However, the entities and organizations involved in IoT naturally lack trusted relationships, which poses significant challenges to the above vision. Specifically, the first challenge is to ensure that the data in the physical world can be objectively and truly injected into the information world of IoT. The second is to ensure the credibility of the entities' identities in IoT. The third is to ensure the authenticity of data, the credibility of identity, and the reliable transmission of data when a third trusted party is unable to provide the expected trusted services. In view of the above challenges, this paper proposes a secure and lightweight triple‐trusting architecture (SLTA), which fully uses a blockchain‐related supporting technology. The architecture includes an oracle‐based data collection mechanism, which ensures that the data collected from edge devices of IoT cannot be modified, and the distributed identity management mechanism, which enhances personal privacy, security, and control of digital identities. Furthermore, a series of innovative designs for applying the blockchain to special large‐scale cooperation scenario in IoT are proposed, which is also a part of the key mechanisms of the SLTA. The innovative design includes a new software‐defined blockchain structure model and a lightweight Byzantine fault‐tolerant algorithm that provides credible support for decentralized data collection, identity management, and data transfer, as well as low‐overhead sequential storage mechanism.
Systems Modeling Languageviewpoint utilization to facilitate shared mental models among system stakeholders
Authors: Thomas L. Dale , Patterson Elizabeth 
Published: August 2019

AbstractMental models are a vital part of complex engineered system design and operations and contribute to either success or failure in both system development and operations. This paper examines the Systems Modeling Language (SysML) viewpoints and views to determine whether they can illustrate elements of mental models and serve to increase communication and foster a common system understanding between individual stakeholders holding different perspectives. Two models were created in SysML, the first comparing SysML with established conceptual graphs of mental models and the second was the Lynx X‐ray Observatory, a project in concept development at National Aeronautics and Space Administration. This research revealed that shared SysML viewpoints and views can serve as conceptual graphs of shared mental models. It was also found that illustrating Lynx viewpoints and views was a valuable aid in eliciting concerns and desires of stakeholders, leading to a project more in line with desires of the stakeholders.
Adsorptive removal of surfactant using dolochar: A kinetic and statistical modeling approach
Authors: Shami Shreya , Dash Rajesh Roshan , Verma Akshaya Kumar , Dash Aditya Kishore , Pradhan Abanti 
Published: August 2019

AbstractDisturbingly high rates of consumption of surfactants in household and industries have led to mark them as emerging contaminants in the environment. In the present work, removal of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), an anionic surfactant, using an industrial waste (dolochar) was explored. The adsorbent material was characterized with the help of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X‐ray diffraction (XRD). Kinetic evaluation was performed using first, pseudo‐first, second, and pseudo‐second order models. Adsorption of SDS over dolochar was expressed best by pseudo‐second order kinetic model with regression coefficient (R2) of .99. Three input parameters including adsorbent dose (20–10 g/L), initial concentration (30–100 mg/L) of the surfactant, and contact time (2–60 min) were chosen for optimization using response surface methodology based on Box–Behnken design (BBD) approach. A total of 15 experiments were run to examine the effect of these variables on removal of SDS by dolochar in a multivariate system. A regression analysis indicated the experimental data fitted well to a quadratic polynomial model with coefficient of regression (R2) as .99. ANOVA and lack‐of‐fit test depicted the precision and efficiency of the model. The optimized conditions for SDS removal were found to be adsorbent dose 16.62 g/L, contact time 40 min, and initial concentration 47 mg/L with removal efficiency as 98.91%.Practitioner points

Daily ablutions and use of personal care products introduce a number of surfactants and recalcitrant compounds into the environment.

Adsorption is a handy and easy to operate treatment technique to remove graywater pollutants.

Kinetic and statistical modeling may be recommended as one of the most prominent tools to understand the removal mechanism.

Decentralized treatment of graywater using industrial wastes is recommended as sustainable solution in the developing nations.