bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
VinylPlus® and the VinylPlus Product Label. Could the industry label be integrated into independent sustainability certification schemes?
Authors: Sevenster A , Stone V , Schratt H 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
In building & construction (B&C), polymeric materials are being used for roofing and waterproofing membranes, coated fabrics (“textile architecture”), window profiles, electrical installation, flooring, pipes, etc. The most widely used plastic for such long-life applications in B&C is Vinyl (PVC). VinylPlus is the value chain’s commitment for sustainable development. The voluntary commitment has a track record with publicly available progress reports, based on third party auditing and monitoring since 2001. More recently: After having substituted certain additives such as lead compounds, that had previously been used as stabilizers, and after abandoning mercury cell technology, VinylPlus is addressing further needs of the sustainability communities, e.g. by zooming in on additives and complementing standard LCA requirements. The VinylPlus voluntary commitment for sustainable development has been developing an additives sustainability footprint (ASF) and a set of criteria for its product label.
The scope and the current status of those tools will be presented and examples be given in order to document the relevance of those efforts. The information given is intended to fuel the discussion on how can / to which extent should those value chain commitments be integrated into existing sustainability.
PolyStyreneLoop – The circular economy in action
Authors: Demacsek C , Tange L , Reichenecker A , Altnau G 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
For decades polystyrene (PS) foam is known as an efficient insulation material in the building and construction environment. At the end of its very long useful life, the waste remains a valuable material source for a variety of products. However, the flame retardant HBCD, which has been used since the 1960s until 2017, is considered a pollutant and millions of tons of PS foam waste can no longer be regularly recycled.
PolyStyreneLoop is developing a solution with a physico-chemical recycling process, based on the CreaSolv® Technology. The applied technology turns PS foam waste into new high-quality raw material. During the recycling process, impurities, such as cement or other construction residues, as well as the imbedded flame retardant HBCD are safely removed. The HBCD is destroyed, while the valuable bromine component and polystyrene are recovered.
In 2019 an industrial scale demonstration plant (with the capability to handle 3.3 kt of PS insulation foam waste per year) will be built in the Netherlands. The plant is aimed at starting up by the end of 2019. Subsequently the technical, economic and environmental viability of this new recycling process will be assessed. When proven to be successful, the process will be further rolled out with additional commercial plants in other countries throughout Europe.
Building Physics as a Tool for Development of New Components: Roof Window
Authors: Tywoniak J , Calta V , Staněk K , Novák J , Maierová L 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Knowledge and instruments of building physics (calculation methods and measuring procedures) can be used as key tools and perspectives to develop new components for building envelopes. This paper illustrates this fact by presenting the successful development of a roof window fulfilling higher requirements on reduction of overall heat losses and avoiding the risk of water vapor condensation on surfaces at very low external temperatures (thermal transmittance below 0.7 W/m2K in the first generation, close to 0.5 W/m2K in the second one) and better daylight distribution for the interior. This is the result of a publicly supported project with an industrial partner: from a general idea through detailed analysis of thermal performance in geometrical and material alternatives up to construction, prototyping, and verification by measurements and certification. Building physics tools applied in the project are discussed here together with lessons learned which are important for technical design. An effective shading system equipped with PV elements for energy smart harvesting is mentioned in the conclusion.
Environmental performance of window systems in patient rooms: a case study in the Belgian context
Authors: Eisazadeh N , De Troyer F , Allacker K 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Hospitals produce high amounts of emissions due to their continuous operation, high flow of people, and intensive HVAC requirements. In order to reduce the environmental footprint of hospitals, it is crucial to improve energy performance while still maintaining a comfortable indoor environment for the occupants. Also to avoid high environmental burdens, it is important to understand the impact of building material selection from the full life cycle perspective. Window systems influence the energy loads and comfort in buildings and provide access to daylight and views. Therefore, windows contribute significantly to the energy consumption and indoor environmental quality of buildings and impact the well-being of occupants. The aim of this study is to determine the influence of various window system design configurations on the environmental performance of patient rooms in Belgium through life cycle assessment (LCA). The method is innovative as it combines dynamic energy simulations and daylight analysis and integrates these in the LCA study of the window systems. The influence of several components is investigated, such as the choice of glazing and shading system. The results are analysed and compared in terms of energy cost for heating, cooling, and lighting, daylighting performance and life cycle environmental impacts. A typical patient room from a hospital design in Belgium is used as a case study. Based on comparative analysis, the paper discusses potential window system design configurations that allow for energy efficient, daylit and environmentally-friendly patient rooms.
Perimeter blocks in different forms – aspects of daylight and view
Authors: Sundborg B , Szybinska Matusiak B , Arbab S 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The perimeter blocks in cities are usually rectangular and follow the streets. The buildings are mostly of similar height within each block. However, perimeter blocks can be developed in many various forms. Geometric options such as chamfered corners, varied building heights and different positioned openings in a broken perimeter block are analyzed in this paper regarding the aspects of views and daylight in city planning. The choice of evaluation criteria is based on scientific discourse in the field of daylighting. As in the new European standard, “Daylight in Buildings”, the following three parameters are included in calculations: solar radiation, daylight level and view out. Computer-based daylighting simulations and calculations of view parameters are performed for different designs of the perimeter blocks with equal density, FAR = 1.33. The simulations have been carried out for Stockholm. That means roughly the same shadows as in Oslo, Helsinki, Tallinn, St Petersburg and Anchorage, all close to the same latitude (60°N). In lower latitudes, e.g. Southern and Central Europe the shadows are shorter. Nevertheless, the ranking of the alternatives will be similar. This study confirms that geometrical changes can improve the conditions for views and daylight in the perimeter blocks. The advantages in the tested urban design alternatives are considerable compared to the perimeter block of the standard type.
Hoppet - the first fossil free preschool
Authors: Hall A , Högberg A , Ingelhag G , Ljungstedt H , Perzon M , Stålheim N J 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Residential and commercial buildings give rise to about one fifth of the greenhouse gas emissions in Sweden. One important goal of the City of Gothenburg is to be a climate neutral city with fair emission levels of greenhouse gases in 2030. In order to reach this goal, a demonstration project has been initiated with the aim to build a fossil free preschool - Hoppet. Hoppet will be built with a minimal climate impact and with no fossil resources. This includes everything from production and transport of materials to energy usage in the building. The fossil content and the climate impact of a standard preschool has been calculated, to be used as a benchmark for Hoppet. The result shows that all 250 building products in the reference preschool have a climate impact but finding fossil free and climate neutral alternative products has been found challenging. The climate impact of the building products in the reference preschool is calculated to more than 220 kg CO2-eq. per m2. Strategies to decrease climate impact for Hoppet preschool has been developed. For example, product development and innovation has been identified as key issues as well as increased collaboration between different actors in the construction industry. Communicating the project internationally is of high importance to find partners and innovations that don’t exist in Sweden as well as to engage other stakeholders to help transform the building sector.
Life cycle environmental and cost evaluation of heating and hot water supply in social housing nZEBs
Authors: Hernandez P , Hernandez J , Urra I , Grisaleña D 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
This paper presents a comparative analysis of different space heating and hot water systems for a social housing project in Santurtzi, Spain. The building, comprising 32 apartment units and currently under construction, has been designed to minimize thermal energy demand, while ensuring comfort and quality of the internal environment for the social housing occupiers. The selection of the heating and hot water energy systems has been carried considering a life cycle perspective both for environmental and economic impacts. Different alternatives have been analysed which compare conventional gas boiler installation, which has been the norm for this type of social housing for the last decades, with various options based on heat pump technology. Life cycle analysis of the environmental effects of electrification of the thermal energy demand through heat pumps show a potential for reducing life cycle CO2 emissions. The economic evaluation done through life cycle costing, comparing investment, maintenance, replacement and operational costs of gas boiler with aerothermal and geothermal heat pump solutions, have shown however that gas heating solutions are still the most competitive economically. Increasing the overall efficiency of those heating and hot water systems that include heat pump technology, while reducing their uncertainty in operation is a key element to ensure competitiveness of heat pumps in the current market.
Effects of the tenants electricity law on energy system layout and landlord-tenant relationship in a multi-family building in Germany
Authors: Braeuer F , Kleinebrahm M , Naber E 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Multi-family buildings (MFB) accommodate 53% of the German apartment stock. Although PV-systems on single-family buildings are widely implemented, the PV-potential on MFBs has barely been touched. Therefore, the German government introduced the Mieterstromgesetz, the tenants electricity law (TEL), in 2016. This law exempts electricity directly produced and consumed in a building from certain charges and taxes. Within the TEL framework, the landlord acts as the local electricity provider and can profit from selling electricity to the tenants and tenants can save electricity costs. This paper analyses the techno-economic effects of the TEL on the energy system layout of a MFB in Germany. Furthermore, it gives implications on how the TEL affects the tenant-landlord relationship. In this analyses, a MILP model is used to maximize the net present value (NPV) and determines the optimal layout and dispatch of the energy system. The model can choose to invest in PV, CHP and a battery storage system. Additionally, one to six electric vehicles (EVs) are integrated into the model. The novelty of this paper is the model-based analysis of the German Mieterstromgesetz considering EVs. The results show that the combination of PV and CHP is the most profitable system layout with NPVs up to 31.9ke. An optimized charging strategy increases the self-consumption rate and the NPV substantially compared to a fast-charging-strategy. Thus, the TEL can create a symbiotic relationship between landlords and tenants.
Strategies for a sustainable energy transition: the case of the housing sector in Graz, Austria
Authors: Hohmann B 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
To facilitate a sustainable energy transition, the housing sector needs to be considered as a whole. Consequently, buildings as well as spatial structures have to be sustainable. Buildings, new and existing, need to be energy efficient, low carbon, considering diverse demands, while also providing a healthy indoor environment and a high quality of life. Spatial structures have to be efficient through compact development, supporting the transition to a post fossil society and mobility regime, that also provide high quality public spaces. In a transdisciplinary approach, strategies and policies, relevant for the case of Graz, Austria, were analyzed. Challenges and potential solution approaches were identified in a theory discussion, considering spatial development and construction aspects. A resulting set of measures to support the necessary sustainability transition is evaluated and iteratively enhanced by qualitative expert interviews with relevant stakeholders, i.e., researchers, practitioners and the administration. The aim of this research is to come up with a set of policy recommendations for decision makers. First results of this work in progress are already available and presented in this paper.
Integrating Importance-Performance Analysis into E-S-QUAL and E-RecS-QUAL scales for Assessing Electronic Service Quality
Authors: Ulkhaq M M , Rabbani M , Rachmania B A , Wibowo A T , Ardi F 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
In this globalization era, service sector has been arguably affected and influenced by the internet for doing several activities, especially in doing business. As a result, service sector nowadays has transformed from the conventional way into the electronic service (e-service). This paper tried to integrate the importance-performance analysis (IPA) model to E-S-QUAL and E-RecS-QUAL scales to assess the e-service quality. It implies that not only the performance of e-service quality is assessed, but also its importance. It is according to the fact that every service provider is believed to have limited resources. Therefore, the resources have to be best deployed based on the priorities (i.e., importance) to achieve customer satisfaction. A case study was performed in one of the largest online fashion shops in Indonesia to show the applicability of the methods. It is believed that this research could offer the service providers with valued understanding of the service attributes that manifest point of views of the customers.
Measurement of Intermediary Trader Efficiency in Poultry Distribution Using Data Envelopment Analysis Method
Authors: Purwaningsih R , Pratiwi C G , Susanto N , Santosa H 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The in-efficiency in resource usage are still common problems in poultry industry. In-efficiency in operational distribution system made the price of meat were so expensive at end customer. Increased efficiency is needed to improve competition capabilities. This research aims to measure the relative efficiency of intermediary trader in poultry product by using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and formulate recommendation based on result of DEA. The result of data processing shows that 3 of 11 intermediary classified as inefficient group. These intermediary trader group should increase their relative efficiency by aligning the influencing input variable of distribution cost and overhead cost.
Campus Sustainability Practice Assessment: An Empirical Finding from Jönköping University, Sweden
Authors: Ulkhaq M M , George Joseph R S , Javed B , Nadekar N R 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The role of higher education institutions (HEIs) nowadays in promoting sustainability has outspread over the past decades. This is a result of abundant declarations and conferences about the need for sustainability in higher education. As consequences, several HEIs have integrated sustainability into their curricula, research, programs, projects, partnerships, and assessments. The objective of the research is to assess the campus sustainability practice of Jönköping University, which is located in Jönköping, Sweden. The assessment includes three pillars of campus sustainability, i.e., environmental management, public participation and social responsibility, and research and teaching as well. The assessment is considered could yield various benefits, not only for the university but also for the stakeholders, surrounding society, as well as for the academic purposes.
Modelling Raw Material Policy in the Palm Sugar Industry While Considering Sustainability Aspects: A Dynamic System Approach
Authors: Krisnawati M , Mustikasari A , Uletika N S , Adhiana T P , Sutrisno E 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The availability of raw materials is one important factor in managing the supply chain to support the sustainability of the palm sugar industry. The number of raw materials in the palm sugar industry is influenced by various aspects stemming from the environment, economy and the coconut trees themselves. These aspects are interconnected and interact with each other to support the availability of raw materials in the palm sugar industry. This study is conducted in Purbalingga, Indonesia. The dynamic system analysis of palm sugar inventory will be compared to the demand for palm sugar. Inventory and demand analysis is used to influence policy decisions on how to manage the raw material production area. A model for raw material policy in the palm sugar industry is developed using the dynamic system. Model divided into a demand model and a model of neera coconut inventory and backlog demand. The model in this research can be used to simulate the palm sugar industry in a broader system, because validation for this model gives a small value error of 𝜇̂𝑀 and MAPE.
Factors Supporting The Implementation of Mass Transport System in Indonesia
Authors: Lady L , Ardani M S , Ferdinant P F 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Development of cities in Indonesia is along with increasing of community mobility that traveling from the surrounding district (hinterland) to the central city and its reverse. However dominanly city in Indonesia haven’t mass transport system. Unavailability of mass transport facilities also have taken place in Cilegon, one of industial city in Indonesia. The ratio of the use of public transport and private transport vehicles in Cilegon was 1:90. Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) was one alternative to serve good public transport. This research aims were look at factors that affect the success of the BRT application, and analyzing important factors that support BRT implementation. The approach on technology transfer was used in determining the characteristics of the transferor and transferee in supporting the implementation of mass transportation. Three parties involved in the transfer of technology in the BRT system were goverment, operator, and the community. This study procured there were nine factors supporting the implementation of Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) System, they were transferor readiness, basic capabilities and adaptation to the mass transport system, transferee readiness, supporting regulations and policies, cooperation in the supervision and services development, counceling and community management, culture, confidence level, and local sub contract. Nine construct factors represented the data in terms of variance explained (61.802%). The transferor readiness was the main factor with percentage of explanation was 25.987%. The main role in technology transfer in BRT system was hold by the Government as a manager that playing role in achievement of targets 46.89%.
Design of Ergonomic Assault Vest for Indonesian Army with Modular Concept
Authors: Prayogi A D , Dewi D S , Sudiarno A 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Assault vest is one of crucial products for Indonesian army infantry soldiers to support their activities in the battlefield. Despite its importance, however, the design of the assault vest of Indonesian army was not considered Ergonomics aspects. Based on the deep interview and questionnaries distributed to 30 Indonesian Army infantry soldiers, the current design was not really comfortable and limit the freedom of movement in the battlefield. Because of this, this research aims to design a modular assault vest for Indonesian army infantry that considering Ergonomics aspects. The object of this study was the 411 Infantry Batalyon / Pandawa located in Salatiga City, Central Java Province, with a total sample of 30 active infantry soldiers involve in this study. The research was conducted by using Nordic Body Map method, questionnaire, deep interview, and TAFEI (Task Analysis for Error Identification) as well as Kansei Engineering. The prototype was built to test the proposed assault vest design. A physiological test using the physiological test method of Dr. Woldemar Gerschler was conducted to test the prototype and then the results of the data (VO2) are tested by applying t-test statistical analysis to see whether the proposed assault vest design will have better performance than existing assault vest. Physiological tests were carried out by 23 respondents who were members of a football club. The test indicate that the proposed design show better result in terms of oxygen consumption.
Machines Maintenance Interval on Filling Lithos Lubricant Production Line: A Case Study
Authors: Rosyidi C N , Suryono M A E , Laksono P W 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The growth of industry in Indonesia is fast enough to encourage industrial players to improve their production capability. One of the sectors that has continuous increase in demand is the lubrication sector. This research was conducted in a major lubricants company in Indonesia that has 16 hours of work to meet market needs. The production capability and capacity of the company are affected by its production resources, one of them is the machine. Current machine’s reliability in the company is below 85%, hence it needs efficient maintenance activities to improve and maintain the machine’s reliability. In this research, we develop a simulation model to determine the maintenance interval to achieve world class standard of machine reliability at minimum 85%. From the results of the analysis, we proposed three alternatives of maintenance activity. First, preventive maintenance with interval maintenance according to the results of the simulation. Second, preventive maintenance with maintenance interval of half day or twice a day in the break time and after workhours. Third, corrective maintenance. The criteria used in comparing the three alternatives are the machine reliability, maintenance cost, and production loss for doing the maintenance activity. Among the alternatives, the second alternative gave better reliability with the lower cost compared to the other two alternatives.