bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MXene‐Bonded Flexible Hard Carbon Film as Anode for Stable Na/K‐Ion Storage
Authors: Sun Ning , Zhu Qizhen , Anasori Babak , Zhang Peng , Liu Huan , Gogotsi Yury , Xu Bin 
Published: October 2019

AbstractHard carbon (HC) is a promising anode material for sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) and potassium‐ion batteries (PIBs), but the volume change during the insertion/extraction of Na+ or K+ limits the cycle life, especially for PIBs due to the large ion size of K+. Moreover, the conventional anodes fabricated through the coating method cannot satisfy the requirement of flexible devices. Here, it is shown that 2D carbide flakes of Ti3C2Tx MXene can be used as multifunctional conductive binders for flexible HC electrodes. The use of MXene nanosheets eliminates the need for all the electrochemically inactive components in the conventional polyvinylidene fluoride–bonded HC electrode, including polymer binders, conductive additives, and current collectors. In MXene‐bonded HC electrodes, conductive and hydrophilic MXene 2D nanosheets construct a 3D network, which can effectively stabilize the electrode structure and accommodate the volume expansion of HC during the charge/discharge process, leading to an enhanced electrode capacity and excellent cycle performance as anodes for both SIBs and PIBs. Benefiting from the 3D conductive network, the MXene‐bonded HC film electrodes also present improved rate capability, indicating MXene is a very promising multifunctional binder for next‐generation flexible secondary rechargeable batteries.
Precision Imprinted Nanostructural Wood
Authors: Huang Dafang , Wu Jiayang , Chen Chaoji , Fu Xinxin , Brozena Alexandra H. , Zhang Yan , Gu Ping , Li Chen , Yuan Changsheng , Ge Haixiong , Lu Minghui , Zhu Mingwei , Hu Liangbing , Chen Yanfeng 
Published: October 2019

AbstractWood is a ubiquitous material, widely used in human society, that features naturally abundant, aligned longitudinal cells (e.g., tracheids in softwood and fibers/vessels in hardwood) with diameters of ≈50–1000 µm. Here, the realization of, fine patterns on a wood surface ranging in size from 40 nm to 50 µm by precision imprinting is described. The precision imprinting is enabled by releasing cellulose fibril aggregates from the bondage of lignin through the delignification process, then imprinting in wet condition and fixing the designed configuration in the dry state. Various precision structures on a wood surface using imprinting technology, including dot arrays, lines, triangular features, and other complex patterns, are successfully demonstrated. Even multiscale structures with nanosized lines on the surface of micrometer hemiballs can be acquired. As a proof of concept, the use of surface‐imprinted wood as a microlens array (MLA), which exhibits superior imaging ability and thermal stability even at a high temperature up to 150 °C compared with traditional polystyrene MLA, is demonstrated. This precision imprinted wood may open new possibilities toward environmentally friendly devices and applications in optics, biology, electronics, etc.
Improving Alkylamine Incorporation in Porous Polymer Networks through Dopant Incorporation
Authors: Day Gregory S. , Drake Hannah F. , Joseph Elizabeth A. , Bosch Mathieu , Tan Kui , Willman Jeremy A. , Carretier Valentin , Perry Zachary , Burtner William , Banerjee Sayan , Ozdemir Osman K. , Zhou Hong‐Cai 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe industrial scale capture of CO2 from flue gas streams is becoming an increasingly important environmental issue. However, many of the existing CO2 capture systems either have regenerative energy demands that are too high or are cost prohibitive. A promising solution is the utilization of functionalized solid sorbents, such as porous polymer networks (PPNs). PPNs are attractive due to their inherent structural stability, flexibility, high surface areas, and ability to incorporate various functional groups within the chemical scaffold. Herein, a low cost, scalable alternative to common carbon capture systems using a series of robust mesoporous melamine‐formaldehyde resins (mPMFs) loaded with active alkylamine sorbents is presented, which is dubbed as the PPN‐150 family. The variants within this material class are differentiated based on the incorporation of functionalized dopants; small molecules added at low molar percent concentrations to impart additional functionality into the PPN in order to achieve low cost noncovalent tethering of alkylamines. The cyanuric acid doped PPN‐151‐DETA (DETA = diethylenetriamine) demonstrate unique features such as improved cycling capacity and heat of adsorption. To show its scalability, PPN‐151‐DETA is successfully synthesized at the 250 g scale without loss of the sorbent properties.
Hairy cell leukemia: 2020 update on diagnosis, risk stratification, and treatment
Authors: Maitre Elsa , Cornet Edouard , Troussard Xavier 
Published: October 2019

AbstractDisease overviewHairy cell leukemia (HCL) and HCL‐like disorders, including HCL variant (HCL‐V) and splenic diffuse red pulp lymphoma (SDRPL), are a very heterogeneous group of mature lymphoid B‐cell disorders. They are characterized by the identification of hairy cells, a specific genetic profile, a different clinical course and the need for appropriate treatment.DiagnosisDiagnosis of HCL is based on morphological evidence of hairy cells, an HCL immunologic score of three or four based on the CD11C, CD103, CD123, and CD25 expression. Also, the trephine biopsy which makes it possible to specify the degree of tumoral medullary infiltration and the presence of BRAF V600E somatic mutation.Risk stratificationProgression of patients with HCL is based on a large splenomegaly, leukocytosis, a high number of hairy cells in the peripheral blood and the immunoglobulin heavy chain variable region gene mutational status. The VH4‐34 positive HCL cases are associated with poor prognosis.TreatmentRisk adapted therapy with purine nucleoside analogs (PNA) are indicated in symptomatic first line HCL patients. The use of PNA followed by rituximab represents an alternative option. Management of progressive or refractory disease is based on the use of BRAF inhibitors associated or not with MEK inhibitors, recombinant immunoconjugates targeting CD22 or BCR inhibitors.
Outlining key inflammation‐associated parameters during early phase of an experimental gram‐negative sepsis model in rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta)
Authors: Rosado‐Franco Jose J. , Ramos‐Benitez Marcos J. , Parodi Laura M. , Rosario Derick , Compo Nicole , Giavedoni Luis D. , Espino Ana M. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe aim of this study was to identify inflammation‐associated markers during the early phase of sepsis in rhesus macaque. Four rhesus macaques were given an intravenous dose of 1010 CFU/kg of E. coli. Blood samples were collected before, or 30 minutes, 2, 4, 6 and 8 hours after E. coli infusion. Physiological parameters, bacteremia, endotoxemia, C‐reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), and plasma cytokines/chemokines were determined for each animal. Bacteremia was present in all animals from 30 minutes to 3 hours after E. coli infusion whereas endotoxin was detected during the full‐time course. CRP and PCT levels remained at detectable levels during the whole experimental window suggesting an ongoing inflammatory process. Signature cytokines and chemokines such as TNF‐α, MIP‐1α, and MIP‐1β peaked about 2 hours after E. coli infusion and decreased thereafter. Plasma IL‐6, IL‐12p40, IFN‐γ, and IL‐1Ra, as well as I‐TAC, MIG, IP‐10 and MCP‐1, remained at detectable levels after 4 hours of E. coli infusion. This nonhuman primate model could be useful for the assessment of new therapeutics aiming to suppress key inflammatory markers throughout sepsis early phases.
Concise Synthesis of Open‐Cage Fullerenes for Oxygen Delivery
Authors: Zhou Zishuo , Han Hongfei , Chen Zijing , Gao Rui , Liu Zhen , Su Jie , Xin Nana , Yang Xiaobing , Gan Liangbing 
Published: October 2019

AbstractOpen‐cage fullerenes with a 19‐membered orifice were prepared in three steps from C60. The key step for cage‐opening is aniline mediated ring expansion of a fullerene‐mixed peroxide with a ketolactone moiety on the orifice. Release of ring strain on the spherical fullerene cage served as the main driving force for the efficient cage‐opening sequence. Encapsulation of oxygen could be achieved at room temperature under moderate pressure (50 atm) and the encapsulated oxygen could be released slowly under ambient conditions. The activation energy of the oxygen‐releasing process is 18.8 kcal mol−1 and the half‐life at 37 °C was 73 min, which makes this open‐cage fullerene derivative a potential oxygen‐delivery material.
Di‐tert‐butyldiphosphatetrahedrane: Catalytic Synthesis of the Elusive Phosphaalkyne Dimer
Authors: Hierlmeier Gabriele , Coburger Peter , Bodensteiner Michael , Wolf Robert 
Published: October 2019

AbstractWhile tetrahedranes as a family are scarce, neutral heteroatomic species are all but unknown, with the only reported example being AsP3. Herein, we describe the isolation of a neutral heteroatomic X2Y2 molecular tetrahedron (X, Y=p‐block elements), which also is the long‐sought‐after free phosphaalkyne dimer. Di‐tert‐butyldiphosphatetrahedrane, (tBuCP)2, is formed from the monomer tBuCP in a nickel‐catalyzed dimerization reaction using [(NHC)Ni(CO)3] (NHC=1,3‐bis(2,4,6‐trimethylphenyl)imidazolin‐2‐ylidene (IMes) and 1,3‐bis(2,6‐diisopropylphenyl)imidazolin‐2‐ylidene (IPr)). Single‐crystal X‐ray structure determination of a silver(I) complex confirms the structure of (tBuCP)2. The influence of the N‐heterocyclic carbene ligand on the catalytic reaction was investigated, and a mechanism was elucidated using a combination of synthetic and kinetic studies and quantum chemical calculations.
Rational Design of Nanogels for Overcoming the Biological Barriers in Various Administration Routes
Authors: Zhao Qing , Zhang Siyu , Wu Fengchang , Li Dengyu , Zhang Xuejiao , Chen Wei , Xing Baoshan 
Published: October 2019

AbstractNanogels have been identified as outstanding nanocarrier candidates for drug delivery due to their desirable physiochemical properties and versatile applicability for diverse therapeutic molecules and imaging probes. One of the main challenges that hinder the clinical translation of nanogels is the low efficiency of drug delivery to the target sites because of the complex biological barriers during the in vivo journey. The purpose of this review is to examine and summarize the recent advances on the rational design and structural modulation of nanogels to overcome the barriers and challenges on the way to the site of action following various dosing modes. In particular, the functional moieties or domains have been incorporated in the nanogels, allowing them to spontaneously regulate their structure and physiochemical properties to cross one or more of the multifaceted barriers. In addition, the future perspectives are presented with regards to opportunities and challenges for the precise and efficient therapeutic use of nanogel formulations.
Advances in the Interfacial Assembly of Mesoporous Silica on Magnetite Particles
Authors: Yue Qin , Sun Jianguo , Kang Yijin , Deng Yonghui 
Published: October 2019

AbstractInterfacing magnetic particles with ordered mesoporous materials is an effective direction for the development of functional porous composite materials with rationally designed core–shell structures. Owing to the combined properties of magnetic nanoparticles and mesoporous silica (high surface area, large pore volume, porosity, and biocompatibility), core–shell magnetic mesoporous silica materials have generated tremendous interest in various disciplines, including chemistry, materials, bioengineering, and biomedicine. Interfacial assembly strategies enable the rational construction of magnetic mesoporous silica materials with well‐defined core–shell structure, morphology, pore parameters, and surface wettability, which can decisively influence their physical and chemical properties and thus improve their application performance. This Minireview summarizes recent progress in the synthesis of core–shell magnetic mesoporous silica and the adjustment of key parameters, including pore size, morphology, and pore orientation.
Molecular weight dependency of β phase formation in injection‐molded isotactic polypropylene
Authors: Yang Xiao , Tuinea‐Bobe Cristina , Whiteside Ben , Coates Phil , Lu Ying , Men Yongfeng 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTThe influence of β‐nucleating agents and the molecular weight of isotactic polypropylene (iPP) on the formation of β phase in the injection‐molded iPP were explored using wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction technique. Without the β‐nucleating agents, the molecular weight of iPP was the dominant factor controlling the production of β phase during injection. A higher molecular weight could promote the orientation of molecular chains in the skin layer of injected sample, bringing out a larger content of β phase in the corresponding region. Although the β‐nucleating agents had a profound effect on the formation of β phase, it was only efficient for the iPP with moderate molecular weights. The systems of the lowest and highest molecular weight iPP samples compounded with β‐nucleating agents still performed the same with the corresponding ones without β‐nucleating agents. Such performances can be interpreted as a result of the competition between the β‐nucleating agents and the orientation degree of molecular chains. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020, 137, 48555.
Potential Utilization of Metal–Organic Frameworks in Heterogeneous Catalysis: A Case Study of Hydrogen‐Bond Donating and Single‐Site Catalysis
Authors: Rao Purna Chandra , Mandal Sukhendu 
Published: October 2019

AbstractCrystalline solid materials are platforms for the development of effective catalysts and have shown vast benefits at the frontiers between homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts. Typically, these crystalline solid catalysts outperformed their homogeneous analogs due to their high stability, selectivity, better catalytic activity, reusability and recyclability in catalysis applications. This point of view, comprising significant features of a new class of porous crystalline materials termed as metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) engendered the attractive pathway to synthesize functionalized heterogeneous MOF catalysts. The present review includes the recent research progress in developing both hydrogen‐bond donating (HBD) MOF catalysts and MOF‐supported single‐site catalysts (MSSCs). The first part deals with the novel designs of urea‐, thiourea‐ and squaramide‐containing MOF catalysts and study of their crucial role in HBD catalysis. In the second part, we discuss the important classification of MSSCs with existing examples and their use in desired catalytic reactions. In addition, we describe the relative catalytic efficiency of these MSSCs with their homogeneous and similarly reported analogs. The precise knowledge of discussed heterogeneous MOF catalysts in this review may open the door for new research advances in the field of MOF catalysis.
Syntheses and Functional Studies of Self‐Adjuvanting Anti‐HER2 Cancer Vaccines
Authors: Feng Qi , Manabe Yoshiyuki , Kabayama Kazuya , Aiga Taku , Miyamoto Asuka , Ohshima Shino , Kametani Yoshie , Fukase Koichi 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe 9‐mer peptide MFCH401 (N: 165–173: DTILWKDIF), which is located in the extracellular domain of HER2, has been predicted to be a novel epitope. Self‐adjuvanting anti‐HER2 vaccine constructs were designed and synthesized via covalently attaching MFCH401 or its linear tandem repeats (2×MFCH401, 3×MFCH401) to a lipopeptide Pam3CSK4 via iterative condensation reaction. The in vivo results showed the Pam3CSK4‐MFCH401 vaccine construct can induce higher antibody titers of IgG and IgM than those of other conjugates, and the analysis of changes in plasma cytokines level indicate the activation of Th1 cells and NK cells. In addition, the Pam3CSK4‐MFCH401 vaccine conjugate induced a specific immune response to HER2‐overexpressing human BT474 cells. Our data clearly indicated that MFCH401 is a promising epitope; moreover, its linear tandem repeats were unsuitable for anticancer vaccine design when conjugating with Pam3CSK4, which provided useful evidence for developing further anti‐HER2 cancer vaccines.
HLA Polymorphism in Regressive and Non‐Regressive Autism: A Preliminary Study
Authors: Tamouza Ryad , Fernell Elisabeth , Eriksson Mats Anders , Anderlid Britt‐Marie , Manier Céline , Mariaselvam Christina Mary , Boukouaci Wahid , Leboyer Marion , Gillberg Christopher 
Published: October 2019

Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) comprises heterogeneous neurodevelopmental conditions with symptom onset usually during infancy. However, about 10%–30% of affected cases experience a loss of language and social skills around 18–30 months, so‐called regressive autism. In this subset with regression, immune dysfunctions including inflammation and autoimmunity have been proposed to be at risk factors. Given the implication of the human histocompatibility antigens (HLA) system in various aspects of immune responses, including autoimmunity, and in ASD, we investigate here the distribution of the HLA Class I and Class II haplotypes in 131 children with ASD meeting DSM‐IV TR criteria, with and without regression. We found that 62 of the 98 non‐regressive ASD patients carry the HLA‐DPA1*01‐DPB1*04 sub‐haplotype as compared to 14 of the 33 patients with regression (63% vs. 43% respectively, Pc = 0.02), suggesting that this HLA haplotype may exert a protective effect against regression. Similarly, the HLA‐DPA1*01‐DPB1*04 has also been found to be more represented in healthy controls as compared to patients affected with common nonpsychiatric autoimmune disorders. Overall our findings suggest a possible involvement of HLA polymorphism in the context of regressive ASD. Autism Res 2020, 13: 182–186. © 2019 The Authors. Autism Research published by International Society for Autism Research published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Lay SummaryImmune dysfunctions including inflammatory and autoimmune processes have been reported in autism, particularly in regressive forms. In this study, we analyzed the distribution of HLA haplotypes among children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), with and without regression from Sweden and observed that HLA‐DPA1*01‐DPB1*04 sub‐haplotype was less represented in patients with regressive autism as compared with those without regression. Such possible protective effect, also observed in other common autoimmune disorders, may constitute a link between HLA‐mediated immune processes and regressive ASD.
Rate and Computational Studies for Pd‐NHC‐Catalyzed Amination with Primary Alkylamines and Secondary Anilines: Rationalizing Selectivity for Monoarylation versus Diarylation with NHC Ligands
Authors: Lombardi Christopher , Rucker Richard P. , Froese Robert D. J. , Sharif Sepideh , Champagne Pier Alexandre , Organ Michael G. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe relative rates of arylation of primary alkylamines with different Pd‐NHC catalysts have been measured, as have the relative rates of arylation of the secondary aniline product in an attempt to understand the key ligand design features necessary to have high selectivity for the monoarylated amine product. As the substituents on the N‐aryl ring of the NHC increase in size, selectivity for monoarylation increases and this is further enhanced by chlorinating the back of the NHC ring. Computations have been performed on the catalytic cycle of this transformation in order to understand the selectivity obtained with the different catalysts.
Cubane Electrochemistry: Direct Conversion of Cubane Carboxylic Acids to Alkoxy Cubanes Using the Hofer–Moest Reaction under Flow Conditions
Authors: Collin Diego E. , Folgueiras‐Amador Ana A. , Pletcher Derek , Light Mark E. , Linclau Bruno , Brown Richard C. D. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe highly strained cubane system is of great interest as a scaffold and rigid linker in both pharmaceutical and materials chemistry. The first electrochemical functionalisation of cubane by oxidative decarboxylative ether formation (Hofer–Moest reaction) was demonstrated. The mild conditions are compatible with the presence of other oxidisable functional groups, and the use of flow electrochemical conditions allows straightforward upscaling.
Observing the 3D Chemical Bond and its Energy Distribution in a Projected Space
Authors: Wilson Timothy R. , Rajivmoorthy Malavikha , Goss Jordan , Riddle Sam , Eberhart Mark E. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractOur curiosity‐driven desire to “see” chemical bonds dates back at least one‐hundred years, perhaps to antiquity. Sweeping improvements in the accuracy of measured and predicted electron charge densities, alongside our largely bondcentric understanding of molecules and materials, heighten this desire with means and significance. Here we present a method for analyzing chemical bonds and their energy distributions in a two‐dimensional projected space called the condensed charge density. Bond “silhouettes” in the condensed charge density can be reverse‐projected to reveal precise three‐dimensional bonding regions we call bond bundles. We show that delocalized metallic bonds and organic covalent bonds alike can be objectively analyzed, the formation of bonds observed, and that the crystallographic structure of simple metals can be rationalized in terms of bond bundle structure. Our method also reproduces the expected results of organic chemistry, enabling the recontextualization of existing bond models from a charge density perspective.
Mg(OH)2‐Facilitated Liquid‐Phase Conversion of Lactic Acid into 1,2‐Propanediol over Cu: An Experimental and Theoretical Study
Authors: Wang Xinde , Beine Anna Katharina , Hausoul Peter J. C. , Palkovits Regina 
Published: October 2019

AbstractMg(OH)2 is found to exhibit superior performance in the liquid‐phase conversion of lactic acid (LA) into 1,2‐propanediol over Cu. A conversion of 90 % with a selectivity of 98 % is achieved at 513 K and 5 MPa H2. Mg(LA)2 could be identified as a crucial intermediate in this reaction, as it undergoes faster conversion than the combination of LA and Mg(OH2) and regeneration of Mg(OH)2 through the conversion of Mg(LA)2 as a substrate. DFT calculations reveal that the energetic span of the reaction decreases from 46.6 kcal mol−1 catalyzed with no cation to 43.6 kcal mol−1 with [Mg(OH)]+, confirming the facilitating effect of Mg(OH)2.