bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rola pedagoga szkolnego w opiniach studentów pedagogiki
Authors: Walc Wiesława 
Published: March 2019

<p>Pedagog szkolny jest specjalistą najczęściej zatrudnianym w polskich szkołach. Zawód ten istnieje od roku szkolnego 1973/74 i przez wiele lat starano się sprecyzować katalog zadań pełnionych przez jego przedstawicieli. W tekście dokonano prezentacji procesu kształtowania się specyfiki roli zawodowej pedagogów szkolnych. Przeanalizowano również wyniki badań dotyczących tej problematyki, przeprowadzonych wśród studentek pedagogiki Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego. Zaprezentowano opinie respondentek na temat zadań pedagoga szkolnego, trudności i barier w ich realizacji, modelu tego specjalisty (jego pożądanych cech, wiedzy i umiejętności), a także chęci i gotowości pracy w tym zawodzie.</p><p><strong><br /></strong></p><p> </p>
Zrównoważony rozwój inspiracją dla zmian w edukacji wczesnoszkolnej
Authors: Szadzińska Ewa 
Published: March 2019

<p class="Standard"><span>Edukacja spełnia ważne funkcje w przygotowaniu ludzi do rozwiązania globalnych problemów. Uczniowie w toku edukacji nabywają wiedzę i umiejętności, aby lepiej rozumieć otaczający ich świat, krytycznie oceniać zjawiska, procesy zachodzące w tym świecie oraz rozwijają zdolności potrzebne do tworzenia wizji świata. Projekty edukacji wczesnoszkolnej są tworzone zgodnie z ogólnym kierunkiem zmian edukacji formalnej i edukacji nieformalnej. Idea zrównoważonego rozwoju wyznacza główny kierunek rozwoju i inspiruje zmiany w edukacji. Obecnie w Polsce dominuje aspekt ekologiczny zrównoważonego rozwoju w formalnej edukacji środowiskowej/ekologicznej. Natomiast w edukacji nieformalnej zwraca się uwagę przede wszystkim na społeczny aspekt zrównoważonego rozwoju, nazwany edukacją globalną. Programy wczesnej edukacji w klasach I–III zawierają treści ważne w edukacji na rzecz zrównoważonego rozwoju. Zdecydowanych zmian wymagają wybór i układ celów, dobór metod uczenia się i nauczania oraz zapewnianie odpowiednich warunków do sfinalizowania procesu. </span></p><p class="Standard"><strong><span> </span></strong></p>
Escolarização e deficiência intelectual: entre otimismos e frustrações
Authors: Sobral Renata Da Silva Andrade , Mesquita Amelia Araujo 
Published: March 2019

RESUMOO presente artigo discute a escolarização de um aluno deficiente intelectual que concluiu a educação básica em escolas públicas do estado do Pará. Num contexto onde o índice de alunos com deficiência que concluem a educação básica ainda é muito escasso. A pesquisa teve por objetivo analisar como se constituiu a trajetória de escolarização de um aluno com Deficiente Intelectual que concluiu a educação básica no Estado do Pará, esta se desenvolveu numa abordagem qualitativa, por meio da memória individual de um sujeito com deficiência intelectual. Os dados são oriundos da entrevista semiestruturada e da análise documental, e foram tratados por meio da análise de conteúdo. Como resultado, identificamos que a escolarização do sujeito da pesquisa foi produzida na experiência entre os modelos integrativo e inclusivo, inclusive com forte demarcação institucional. No entanto, independente do modelo, em ambos os casos a escola reforçou estigmas que limitaram a capacidade de aprendizagem desse aluno. Os vinte seis anos que constituíram seu tempo de escolarização, revelam expectativas e frustações, reforçando a ideia de que o objetivo da escola deve ir além da contribuição no desenvolvimento de capacidades cognitivas, no entanto potencializar todas as capacidades do ser humano. T
Interés general = General Interest
Authors: Acosta Gallo Pablo 
Published: March 2019

Resumen: El concepto de interés general está sólidamente implantado en nuestra Constitución y en nuestro textos legales. La cláusula “intereses generales” legitima la acción de gobierno y la existencia misma del Estado, así como sus poderes de limitación de las esferas de libertad de los ciudadanos. Sin embargo, nuestro ordenamiento jurídico no ofrece una definición de lo que son los intereses generales. En este estudio se intentan encontrar las características que permiten orientar la acción administrativa hacia la satisfacción de los intereses generales, así como identificar los elementos que construyen el concepto.Palabras clave: Interés general, intereses generales, utilidad pública, interés social, servicio público.Abstract: The concept of general interest is firmly implanted in our Constitution and in our legal texts. The clause "general interests" legitimizes the action of government and the very existence of the State as well as its powers to limit the spheres of freedom of citizens. However, our legal system does not offer a definition of what general interests are. In this study we try to find the characteristics that allow us to orient the administrative action towards the satisfaction of the general interests as well as to identify the elements that construct the concept. Keywords: General interest, general interests, public utility, social interest, public service.
Pena (Teoría de la) = Punishment (Theory of)
Authors: Rodríguez Horcajo Daniel 
Published: March 2019

Resumen: La teoría de la pena está constituida por dos elementos que han sido tratados por la doctrina de una manera desigual. En primer lugar, dicha teoría trata de definir qué debe ser entendido como ‘pena’, para poder diferenciarla de otras sanciones (formales o informales). En segundo lugar, se ocupa de justificar en términos abstractos una intervención estatal de tanta magnitud sobre la esfera individual, optando por teorías absolutas, por teorías preventivas o por algún tipo de posición intermedia entre unas y otras.Palabras clave: Pena, retribución, prevención general, prevención especial.Abstract: The theory of punishment is constituted by two elements that have been studied by the doctrine in an unequal way. In the first place, this theory tries to define what should be understood as 'punishment', in order to differentiate it from other sanctions (formal or informal ones). Secondly, it deals with justifying, in abstract terms, a state intervention of such magnitude on the individual sphere, opting for absolute theories, for preventive theories or for some kind of intermediate position between one and the other.Keywords: Punishment, retribution/desert, general prevention, special prevention.
Las minorías en Derecho Internacional = Minorities in International Law
Authors: Chinchón Álvarez Javier 
Published: March 2019

Resumen: El presente artículo ofrece un examen del término minoría desde la perspectiva del Derecho internacional. Para ello, se realizará un primer análisis que trate de configurar su conceptualización actual a partir del desarrollo habido especialmente desde la época de la Sociedad de Naciones. A continuación se expondrán las notas fundamentales en cuanto al régimen jurídico internacional aplicable a las minorías, distinguiendo a tal efecto entre este concepto y el de pueblos y poblaciones indígenas. Concluyendo, finalmente, con una breve reflexión a la luz de todo ello y de la realidad que enfrentan las minorías en la actualidad según los propios órganos internacionales.Palabras clave: Minorías, Derecho internacional, pueblos, poblaciones indígenas.Abstract: This article offers an examination of the term minority from the international law perspective. For this purpose, an initial analysis will be carried out trying to configure its current conceptualization based on the development that has taken place especially since the League of Nations age. This will be followed by the fundamental notes regarding the international legal regime applicable to minorities, distinguishing between this concept, peoples and the indigenous peoples. Finally, it will be concluded with a brief reflection in light of all this issues and the reality that minorities currently face according to the international bodies themselves. Keywords: Minorities, International Law, Peoples, Indigenous Peoples.
Libertad como no-dominación = Freedom as Non-Domination
Authors: Cueva Fernández Ricardo 
Published: March 2019

Resumen: El neo-republicanismo es una propuesta principalmente articulada por P. Pettit (1999 [1997]), aunque se apoye en trabajos de carácter historiográficos previos realizados por otros autores. Pretende constituir un tertium genus en la filosofía política que sirva de opción distinta tanto al comunitarismo como al liberalismo. Sin embargo, las intenciones de Pettit acaban vaciando de contenido lo que sí que sería realmente una postura republicana que, al mismo tiempo que integrara la vieja visión de autores clásicos y los hallazgos de la historiografía contemporánea, pudiera unirlos al paradigma democrático.Palabras clave: Republicanismo, libertad, autogobierno, comunidad política, no dominación.Abstract: Neo-republicanism is a proposal mainly articulated by P. Pettit (1999 [1997]), although its grounds are previous historiographical works made by other authors. It aims to constitute a tertium genus in political philosophy that serves as a distinct option from both communitarianism and liberalism. However, Pettit's intentions end up emptying the content of what would really be a republican position that, at the same time as integrating the old vision of classic authors and the findings of contemporary historiography, could link them to the democratic paradigm.Keywords: Republicanism, liberty, self-government, political community, non-domination.
Ustekinumab in Real-Life Practice: Experience in 116 Patients with Moderate-To-Severe Psoriasis
Authors: Raposo Inês , Bettencourt Andreia , Leite Luiz , Selores Manuela , Torres Tiago 
Published: March 2019

Introduction: Ustekinumab is a monoclonal antibody directed against the p40 subunit common to both IL-12 and IL-23 cytokines. Although the evidence of ustekinumab efficacy and safety in clinical trials is extensively recognized, data on its use in clinical practice is limited. Our objective is to report on the real-life experience of two Portuguese dermatology departments with ustekinumab in patients with moderate to severe psoriasis, and to identify the clinical characteristics associated with a weaker clinical response.Material and Methods: Clinical, demographic, and therapeutic response data was retrospectively collected in 116 patients with moderate to severe psoriasis treated with ustekinumab between November 2009 and December 2015.Results: A PASI75 therapeutic response was observed in 67.2%, 85.3%, 89.6% and 88.7% of patients at weeks 4, 12, 24 and 52, respectively. Ustekinumab was discontinued in seven patients (three due to primary failure, three due to secondary treatment failure, and one due to adverse events). Neither cardiovascular events nor cases of reactivation of previous infections (tuberculosis, hepatitis B) were observed during follow-up. In nine patients methotrexate was used as adjuvant therapy, and fourteen patients required ustekinumab dosage optimization. No side effects were observed in the two latter groups. The therapeutic response was higher in patients naïve to biologic therapies as compared to non-naïve patients.Discussion and Conclusion: A trend towards lower clinical response was observed in patients weighing between 90-100 kg, and dosage optimization in this group of patients may be of value prior to considering biologic switch.
Evaluasi Penggunaan Antibiotik pada Pasien Geriatri Wanita Infeksi Saluran Kemih di Instalasi Rawat Inap RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta Tahun 2017
Authors: Adil Athifah Salsabil , Kundarto Wisnu 
Published: March 2019

<p>Tingginya<strong> </strong>ISK pada geriatri wanita disebakan oleh beberapa faktor yaitu anatomi tubuh wanita yang memiliki uretra lebih pendek, faktor usia menyebabkan penurunan urusan perawatan diri khususnya organ intim, produksi hormon estrogen turun dan pH cairan vagina naik menyebabkan perkembangan mikroorganisme pada vagina. Untuk mendukung keberhasilan pengobatan dibutuhkan terapi yang tepat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah evaluasi penggunaan antibiotik pada pasien geriatri wanita ISK di instalasi rawat inap RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta tahun 2017. Jenis penelitian ini adalah non eksperimental dengan pengambilan data secara retrospektif. Sampel diambil dengan metode <em>purposive sampling</em>. Kriteria inklusi yang ditetapkan yaitu pasien geriatri wanita terdiagnosis ISK dan mendapatkan terapi antibiotik. Kriteria ekslusinya yaitu pasien pulang paksa dan meninggal. Pemilihan obat dan dosis dianalisis kesesuaiannya berdasarkan <em>Guideline on Urological Infections</em> 2015 dan <em>Antibiotic Guidelines 2015-2016</em> untuk pasien Gagal Ginjal. Hasil penelitian diperoleh 31 pasien yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Antibiotik yang paling banyak digunakan yaitu seftriakson (57,6%). Pada penelitian ini, hasil analisis terapi antibiotik dinyatakan tepat indikasi (100%), tepat pasien (100%), tepat obat (90,9%), tepat dosis dan frekuensi (84,9%).</p>
The expression of cerebrospinal fluid pentraxin-3 in patients with hemorrhagic stroke
Authors: Fu yin , Zhu Qing , Guo Qi , He Junyu , Xu Guofeng , Ren Biqiong , Zou Guoying 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Background: There exists brain tissue inflammation and endothelial function damage in stroke. Method: We investigated serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of PTX3, HSP70, VEGF, IL-6, CRP in patients with stroke, this study was conducted on 85 standard stroke patients during 2015-2016, include ischemic stroke (IS) group (52 cases) and hemorrhagic stroke (HS) group (33 cases). The patients without inflammatory and neurological disease were the control group (20 cases). The levels of PTX3, HSP70, VEGF, IL-6 and CRP in serum on the 1th, 5th and 14th day after admission were measured and compared them with that in cerebrospinal fluid, NIHSS and Barthel score were also performed for assessing patients with HS. The results showed that the serum levels of PTX3, HSP70, VEGF, IL-6, CRP with HS were higher than that with IS patients (P<0.001, P=0.16, P=0.08, P=0.12, P<0.001, respectively), and PTX3 level began to fall after 14th day (P=0.015). The cerebrospinal fluid of PTX3, HSP70,VEGF and IL-6 levels in patients with HS were higher than that of normal control group (P=0.002, P=0.003, P<0.001, P<0.001, respectively). The levels of PTX, HSP70, IL-6 in cerebrospinal fluid were higher than that in the serum (P=0.026, P<0.001, P<0.001, respectively), and VEGF, CRP instead (P=0.011, P<0.001, respectively). The level of PTX3 in cerebrospinal fluid was positively correlated with IL-6 in patients with HS (P<0.001), PTX3 and IL-6 in patients with HS were positively correlated with patients' NIHSS score (P=0.007, P<0.001, respectively), and negatively correlated with Barthel index score (P=0.023, P<0.001, respectively). Inflammation and endothelial damage were more severe in patients with HS. The levels of PTX3 and IL-6 in cerebrospinal fluid could assess the severity, progression, and prognosis of HS. PTX3 may be a potential biomarker in HS, it could provide potent basis for doctors to select appropriate treatment measures as soon as possible.
Tillage and Nitrogen Rate Effects on Corn Production and Residual Soil Characteristics
Authors: Darapuneni Murali K. , Idowu Omololu J. , Lauriault Leonard M. , Dodla Syam K. , Pavuluri Kiran , Ale Srinivasulu , Grover Kulbhushan , Angadi Sangamesh V. 
Published: March 2019

Core Ideas
Strip tillage had relative production advantage over other tillage practices in corn production.
Strip tillage showed greater water use efficiency than conventional tillage.
No‐tillage showed higher residual carryover soil moisture, NO3–N and total N.
ABSTRACTSuccessful corn (Zea mays L.) production in semiarid and arid southwestern United States is limited by available resources, especially water and N, and management of such limited resources need efficient on‐farm tillage and N management decisions. A 3‐yr study was conducted at New Mexico State University Agricultural Science Center, Tucumcari, NM, to evaluate the effectiveness of three tillage strategies (conventional, strip, and no‐tillage) and two N rates (196 and 308 kg ha−1) on corn yield, water use, and carry‐over residual water and N characteristics. Tillage × N‐rate interaction had no significant impact on corn yield, water use, and residual soil characteristics (P > 0.05). No‐tillage showed consistent lower grain and stover yield in all three years. Strip tillage (ST) had a relative grain yield advantage over other tillage practices in 2 out of 3 yrs. Strip tillage showed higher harvesting index and greater water use efficiency (WUE) than conventional tillage (CT). No‐tillage (NT) had 20 to 45% greater residual carry‐over soil moisture than CT during the 3‐yr study period. Percent change (draw‐down) in soil profile moisture and NO3–N in each site‐year were higher in CT than other tillage treatments at both 0 to 30 and 30‐ to 60‐cm depth increments. No‐tillage resulted in higher residual carry‐over NO3–N and total N at both incremental depths in each tested year, without exception. Overall, implementation of ST in the semiarid regions has significant advantage over other tillage practices in improving the resource use efficiency in corn production.
On‐the‐Go Sensor Fusion for Prediction of Clay and Organic Carbon Using Pre‐processing Survey, Different Validation Methods, and Variable Selection
Authors: Tabatabai Salman , Knadel Maria , Thomsen Anton , Greve Mogens H. 
Published: March 2019

Core Ideas
Four different validation methods were investigated.
Extensive pre‐processing and variable selection were used.
Fusing electrical conductivity to spectra adds no value to models.
Clay and organic carbon predicted with high accuracy on‐the‐go.
Independent field prediction is not yet reliable.
Using on‐the‐go visible and near‐infrared (Vis–NIR) spectroscopy singularly or in combination with other sensor data has been found to produce promising cross‐validation (CV) and prediction results. In this study, besides from testing two CV methods, we aim to predict clay and organic carbon (OC) not only in new samples but also on samples from new fields that were not included in either of the calibration or validation processes. Sensor data was collected from eight fields in different parts of Denmark using a mobile multi‐sensor platform with a Vis‐NIR spectrometer and electrical conductivity and temperature sensors. Fifteen samples were collected from each field using fuzzy c‐means clustering of the field spectra, and clay and OC were measured in the laboratory using traditional methods. Different combinations of spectral pre‐processing methods were tested and Partial Least Squares Regression (PLSR) was calibrated on the data and validated using four methods: (A) Venetian blinds CV; (B) one‐field‐out CV; (C) model on 70% of the data used to predict the remaining 30%; and (D) model on the data from six fields used to predict the remaining two fields. To simplify models and improve performance, interval PLS (iPLS) variable selection was used. Results indicate no or negligible improvement when spectral data was fused with other sensor data. In general, the results look very promising for Validations A, B and C for both clay and OC. However, in Validation D, models did not produce high accuracy results. Our findings show that good processing of Vis‐NIR spectral data can produce the best models, making sensor fusion for clay and OC determination pointless. These results have important implications for future sensor design and sensor measurements in soil science and call for further investigations into on‐the‐go site‐independent field prediction.
Proposals for inclusion in NRB-2019 Section on radiogenic risk
Authors: Gubin A. T. , Sakovich V. A. 
Published: March 2019

In this article it made analysis of concepts and values used in NRB-99/2009 and a number of national methodological documents on the assessment of risks associated with irradiation. It is concluded that NRB-99/2009 violates the logic in the presentation of this issue. It can be restored if a special section is introduced in the developed NSB-2019, with more detailed coverage of the terminological and methodological aspects of the assessment of such risks. The draft section is attached to this article In the draft introduces a number of new terms (radiogenic risk, nominal radiogenic risk, radiogenic risk of death from cancer and radiogenic risk of cancer and a number of others) with a clear interpretation of their meaning and purpose, as well as the sphere application of the relevant values. The draft proposes to replace the term generalized risk with radiation risk, which is more in line with its meaning. Given also specific formulas to calculate the radiogenic risk coefficients for different types of irradiation based on the real demographics data for exposed populations. Because of the cumbersome formulas, they can be given to the Annex of the NRB-2019 or issued in methodical instructions prepared in the elaboration of the provisions of the NRB-2019.
Estimation of the air kerma rate from <sub>137</sub>Cs and <sub>134</sub>Cs deposited on the ground in the Sakhalin region of Russia after the Fukushima accident
Authors: Ramzaev V. P. , Barkovsky A. N. 
Published: March 2019

Previous studies conducted by the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being (Rospotrebnadzor) in Sakhalin Region, Russia in 2011–2012 have shown that soils on the southern Kuril Islands were contaminated with 137Cs and 134Cs due to the accident at the Fukushima-1 NPP. In this study, we evaluated the air kerma rate from 137Cs and 134Cs using earlier published data on the vertical distribution of Fukushima-derived radiocaesium in the soil at grasslands on the islands of Kunashir, Shikotan and Iturup. The air kerma rate due to gamma-rays from pre-Fukushima 137Cs was estimated as well. In the period from May 2011 to September 2012, the air kerma rate due to the fresh fallout of radioactive caesium varied from 0.31 to 0.84 nGy h−1. On average, the contribution of the radiation from Fukushima-derived 134Cs and 137Cs to the total air kerma rate from radioactive cesium was 35% in the fall of 2011 and 25% in the fall of 2012. The mean normalized kerma rate from Fukushima-derived 137Cs was estimated at a level of 1.63 nGy h−1 per kBq m−2 in mid-May 2011, 1.53 nGy h−1 per kBq m−2 in autumn 2011 and 1.45 nGy h−1 per kBq m−2 in autumn 2012. The mean normalized air kerma rate from pre-Fukushima 137Cs at reference undisturbed grasslands was estimated as 0.77 nGy h−1 per kBq m−2. The results of our calculations of the air kerma rate from Fukushima-derived 137Cs were in good agreement with the forecast of the 2013 UNSCEAR model, which was used to estimate the external doses of the Japanese population after the Fukushima accident. For pre-Fukushima 137Cs, the UNSCEAR model underestimated the calculated normalized air kerma rates in Sakhalin Region by approximately 40%. Our calculations showed that, overall, the aboveground biomass of herbaceous plants had practically no effect on the air kerma rate from radioactive cesium contained in the soil. The fallout of 134Cs and 137Cs after the accident at the Fukushima-1 NPP did not lead to any significant increase in the gamma dose rate in the air at grasslands on Kuril Islands. In 2019–2020, the contribution of radiocaesium to the total gamma dose rate in air will not exceed 5%.