bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The ultra-photostable and electrically modulated Stimulated Emission in perylene-based dye doped liquid crystal
Authors: Adamow A. , Sznitko L. , Chrzumnicka E. , Stachera J. , Szukalski A. , Martynski T. , Mysliwiec J. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractOne of the most important drawback of organic dyes is their low photo-stability which reduces possibility of their commercial utilization. In this article we employ the strategy of dye re-crystallization from oversaturated matrix in order to enhance material’s durability. One of the main advantages of perylene derivative is ability to form emissive j-aggregates, good miscibility and incorporation into liquid crystalline matrix. Investigation of perylene-based dye and LC matrix brought as the result very efficient light amplification modulation by applied external electric field. In our article we show that Stimulated Emission (STE) is possible to achieve from perylene-derivative based system, at typical fluence thresholds for laser dyes: 3.9 mJ/cm2. Moreover, presented system proves ultra-high photostability, showing lack of STE reduction even after 12 000 excitation laser pulses. Furthermore, we proved the possibility of light emission intensity control using external electric field.
Fine-mapping sequence mutations with a major effect on oligosaccharide content in bovine milk
Authors: Liu Zhiqian , Wang Tingting , Pryce Jennie E. , MacLeod Iona M. , Hayes Ben J. , Chamberlain Amanda J. , Jagt Christy Vander , Reich Coralie M. , Mason Brett A. , Rochfort Simone , Cocks Benjamin G. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractHuman milk contains abundant oligosaccharides (OS) which are believed to have strong health benefits for neonates. OS are a minor component of bovine milk and little is known about how the production of OS is regulated in the bovine mammary gland. We have measured the abundance of 12 major OS in milk of 360 cows, which had high density SNP marker genotypes. Most of the OS were found to be highly heritable (h2 between 50 and 84%). A genome-wide association study allowed us to fine-map several QTL and identify candidate genes with major effects on five OS. Among them, a putative causal mutation close to the ABO gene on Chromosome 11 accounted for approximately 80% of genetic variance for two OS, N-acetylgalactosaminyllactose and lacto-N-neotetraose. This mutation lies very close to a variant associated with the expression levels of ABO. A third QTL mapped close to ST3GAL6 on Chromosome 1 explaining 33% of genetic variation of an abundant OS, 3′-sialyllactose. The presence of major gene effects suggests that targeted marker-assisted selection would lead to a significant increase in the level of these OS in milk. This is the first attempt to map candidate genes and causal mutations for bovine milk OS.
Planktonic food web structure and trophic transfer efficiency along a productivity gradient in the tropical and subtropical Atlantic Ocean
Authors: Armengol Laia , Calbet Albert , Franchy Gara , Rodríguez-Santos Adriana , Hernández-León Santiago 
Published: February 2019

AbstractOligotrophic and productive areas of the ocean differ in plankton community composition and biomass transfer efficiency. Here, we describe the plankton community along a latitudinal transect in the tropical and subtropical Atlantic Ocean. Prochlorococcus dominated the autotrophic community at the surface and mixed layer of oligotrophic stations, replaced by phototrophic picoeukaryotes and Synechococcus in productive waters. Depth-integrated biomass of microzooplankton was higher than mesozooplankton at oligotrophic stations, showing similar biomasses in productive waters. Dinoflagellates dominated in oligotrophic waters but ciliates dominated upwelling regions. In oligotrophic areas, microzooplankton consumed ca. 80% of the production, but ca. 66% in upwelling zones. Differences in microzooplankton and phytoplankton communities explain microzooplankton diel feeding rhythms: higher grazing rates during daylight in oligotrophic areas and diffuse grazing patterns in productive waters. Oligotrophic areas were more efficient at recycling and using nutrients through phytoplankton, while the energy transfer efficiency from nutrients to mesozooplankton appeared more efficient in productive waters. Our results support the classic paradigm of a shorter food web, and more efficient energy transfer towards upper food web levels in productive regions, but a microbially dominated, and very efficient, food web in oligotrophic regions. Remarkably, both models of food web exist under very high microzooplankton herbivory.
Nematicidal and insecticidal activities of halogenated indoles
Authors: Rajasekharan Satish Kumar , Lee Jin-Hyung , Ravichandran Vinothkannan , Kim Jin-Cheol , Park Jae Gyu , Lee Jintae 
Published: February 2019

AbstractParasite death via ion channel activations is the hallmark of anthelmintic and antiparasitic drugs. Glutamate gated chloride channel (GluCl) is a prominent targets for drug selection and design in parasitology. We report several iodine-fluorine based lead activators of GluCl by computational studies and structure-activity relationship analysis. 5-Fluoro-4-iodo-1H-pyrrolo [2, 3-b] pyridine and 5-iodoindole were bioactive hits that displayed in vitro anthelmintic and insecticidal activities against Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, Meloidogyne incognita, and Tenebrio molitor. Two important findings stood out: (i) 5F4IPP induced parasite death, and interacted proficiently with Gln219 amino acid of pentameric GluCl in docking analysis, and (ii) 5-iodoindole appeared to act by forming giant vacuoles in nematodes, which led to a form of non-apoptotic death known as methuosis. The study suggests halogenated-indoles and 1H-pyrrolo [2, 3-b] pyridine derivatives be regarded potential biocides for plant-parasitic nematodes and insects, and warrants further research on the mode of actions, and field investigations.
Female resistance and harmonic convergence influence male mating success in Aedes aegypti
Authors: Aldersley Andrew , Cator Lauren J. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractDespite the importance of mosquito mating biology to reproductive control strategies, a mechanistic understanding of individual mating interactions is currently lacking. Using synchronised high-speed video and audio recordings, we quantified behavioural and acoustic features of mating attempts between tethered female and free-flying maleAedes aegypti. In most couplings, males were actively displaced by female kicks in the early phases of the interaction, while flight cessation prior to adoption of the pre-copulatory mating pose also inhibited copulation. Successful males were kicked at a reduced rate and sustained paired contact-flight for longer than those that were rejected. We identified two distinct phases of acoustic interaction. Rapid frequency modulation of flight tones was observed in all interactions up to acceptance of the male. Harmonic convergence (wingbeat frequency matching) was detected more often in successful attempts, coinciding with the transition to stabilised paired flight and subsequent genital contact. Our findings provide a clearer understanding of the relationship between acoustic interactions and mating performance in mosquitoes, offering insights which may be used to target improvements in laboratory reared lines.
Genome defense against integrated organellar DNA fragments from plastids into plant nuclear genomes through DNA methylation
Authors: Yoshida Takanori , Furihata Hazuka Y. , To Taiko Kim , Kakutani Tetsuji , Kawabe Akira 
Published: February 2019

AbstractNuclear genomes are always faced with the modification of themselves by insertions and integrations of foreign DNAs and intrinsic parasites such as transposable elements. There is also substantial number of integrations from symbiotic organellar genomes to their host nuclear genomes. Such integration might have acted as a beneficial mutation during the evolution of symbiosis, while most of them have more or less deleterious effects on the stability of current genomes. Here we report the pattern of DNA substitution and methylation on organellar DNA fragments integrated from plastid into plant nuclear genomes. The genome analyses of 17 plants show homology–dependent DNA substitution bias. A certain number of these sequences are DNA methylated in the nuclear genome. The intensity of DNA methylation also decays according to the increase of relative evolutionary times after being integrated into nuclear genomes. The methylome data of epigenetic mutants shows that the DNA methylation of organellar DNA fragments in nuclear genomes are mainly dependent on the methylation maintenance machinery, while other mechanisms may also affect on the DNA methylation level. The DNA methylation on organellar DNA fragments may contribute to maintaining the genome stability and evolutionary dynamics of symbiotic organellar and their host’s genomes.
Objective evaluation of physical activity pattern using smart devices
Authors: Šimaitytė Monika , Petrėnas Andrius , Kravčenko Julija , Kaldoudi Eleni , Marozas Vaidotas 
Published: February 2019

AbstractPhysical activity session frequency and distribution over time may play a significant role on survival after major cardiovascular events. However, the existing amount-based metrics do not account for these properties, thus the physical activity pattern is not fully evaluated. The aim of this work is to introduce a metric which accounts for the difference between the actual and uniform distribution of physical activity, thus its value depends on physical activity aggregation over time. The practical application is demonstrated on a step data from 40 participants, half of them diagnosed with chronic cardiovascular disease (CVD). The metric is capable of discriminating among different daily patterns, including going to and from work, walking in a park and being active the entire day. Moreover, the results demonstrate the tendency of CVD patients being associated with higher aggregation values, suggesting that CVD patients spend more time in a sedentary behaviour compared to healthy participants. By combining the aggregation with the intensity metric, such common weekly patterns as inactivity, regular activity and “weekend warrior” can be captured. The metric is expected to have clinical relevance since it may provide additional information on the relationship between physical activity pattern and health outcomes.
Predictive factors of prognosis after radiation and steroid pulse therapy in thyroid eye disease
Authors: Ito Makoto , Takahashi Yasuhiro , Katsuda Eisuke , Oshima Yukihiko , Takeuchi Arisa , Mori Toshie , Abe Souichirou , Mori Yoshimasa , Kakizaki Hirohiko , Suzuki Kojiro 
Published: February 2019

AbstractTo identify predictive factors of prognosis after radiotherapy with concurrent steroid pulse therapy for thyroid eye disease, retrospective analyses were performed among 77 patients. Clinical activity score and magnetic resonance imaging were used to evaluate degrees of orbital inflammation. As a pre-treatment work-up, the thyroid-stimulating antibody (TSAb) level was measured. During a median follow-up of 25.0 months, the 2-year cumulative relapse-free rate (CRFR) was 80.9%. In the univariate analysis, a worse 2-year CRFR was significantly associated with the presence of optic neuropathy (P = 0.001), a higher TSAb rate (P = 0.001), and lower standard deviation (SD) of signal intensity at the extraocular muscle in T2-weighted images (P = 0.006). In the multivariate analysis, TSAb rate and SD affected the CRFR independently. When TSAb activity of 2800% was set as a cut-off at 2 years after treatment, the predictive sensitivity and specificity of relapse were 81.2% and 90.6%, respectively. With regard to SD, the respective sensitivity and specificity values were 81.2% and 82.7% when 100 was set as a cut-off. In conclusion, high TSAb and low SD were significant risk factors for cumulative relapse in orbital radiotherapy. Cut-off values of 2800% for TSAb and 100 for SD may be suitable.
Using Gjd3-CreEGFP mice to examine atrioventricular node morphology and composition
Authors: Bhattacharyya Samadrita , Duan Jialei , Wang Lin , Li Boxun , Bhakta Minoti , Fernandez-Perez Antonio , Hon Gary C. , Munshi Nikhil V. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe atrioventricular node (AVN) coordinates the timing of atrial and ventricular contraction to optimize cardiac performance. To study this critical function using mouse genetics, however, new reagents are needed that allow AVN-specific manipulation. Here we describe a novel Gjd3-CreEGFP mouse line that successfully recombines floxed alleles within the AVN beginning at E12.5. These mice have been engineered to express CreEGFP under the control of endogenous Gjd3 regulatory elements without perturbing native protein expression. Detailed histological analysis of Gjd3-CreEGFP mice reveals specific labeling of AVN cardiomyocytes and a subset of cardiac endothelial cells. Importantly, we show that Gjd3-CreEGFP mice have preserved cardiac mechanical and electrical function. In one application of our newly described mouse line, we provide a three-dimensional (3D) view of the AVN using tissue clearing combined with confocal microscopy. With this 3D model as a reference, we identify specific AVN sub-structures based on marker staining characteristics. In addition, we use our Gjd3-CreEGFP mice to guide microdissection of the AVN and construction of a single-cell atlas. Thus, our results establish a new transgenic tool for AVN-specific recombination, provide an updated model of AVN morphology, and describe a roadmap for exploring AVN cellular heterogeneity.
Phosphoproteomic analyses of kidneys of Atlantic salmon infected with Aeromonas salmonicida
Authors: Liu Peng-fei , Du Yishuai , Meng Lingjie , Li Xian , Yang Dong , Liu Ying 
Published: February 2019

AbstractAeromonas salmonicida (A. salmonicida) is a pathogenic bacterium that causes furunculosis and poses a significant global risk, particularly in economic activities such as Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) farming. In a previous study, we identified proteins that are significantly upregulated in kidneys of Atlantic salmon challenged with A. salmonicida. Phosphoproteomic analyses were conducted to further clarify the dynamic changes in protein phosphorylation patterns triggered by bacterial infection. To our knowledge, this is the first study to characterize phosphorylation events in proteins from A. salmonicida-infected Atlantic salmon. Overall, we identified over 5635 phosphorylation sites in 3112 proteins, and 1502 up-regulated and 77 down-regulated proteins quantified as a 1.5-fold or greater change relative to control levels. Based on the combined data from proteomic and motif analyses, we hypothesize that five prospective novel kinases (VRK3, GAK, HCK, PKCδ and RSK6) with common functions in inflammatory processes and cellular pathways to regulate apoptosis and the cytoskeleton could serve as potential biomarkers against bacterial propagation in fish. Data from STRING-based functional network analyses indicate that fga is the most central protein. Our collective findings provide new insights into protein phosphorylation patterns, which may serve as effective indicators of A. salmonicida infection in Atlantic salmon.
A dual-port THz Time Domain Spectroscopy System optimized for recovery of a sample’s Jones matrix
Authors: Zhao Guozhong , Savini Giorgio , Yu Yang , Li Shuai , Zhang Jin , Ade Peter 
Published: February 2019

AbstractWe describe the design, build and characterization of a novel two-output port configuration for a THz-Time Domain Spectroscopy (TDS) system. By introducing a tilted THz ultra-broadband polarizer, we split the THz beam in two orthogonal polarization detector branches. The probe laser is similarly split (with an optical polarizer) replicating the detection chain to obtain two independent orthogonal polarization detection units. We describe the system’s performance highlighting some of the advantages of this system in one of its two modes of operation: optimized polarimetry for Jones matrix measurements. A bi-refringent sapphire standard was measured to confirm its capabilities and assess the performance of the system showing good agreement with existing literature data.
Whole Genome Sequence, Variant Discovery and Annotation in Mapuche-Huilliche Native South Americans
Authors: Vidal Elena A. , Moyano Tomás C. , Bustos Bernabé I. , Pérez-Palma Eduardo , Moraga Carol , Riveras Eleodoro , Montecinos Alejandro , Azócar Lorena , Soto Daniela C. , Vidal Mabel , Di Genova Alex , Puschel Klaus , Nürnberg Peter , Buch Stephan , Hampe Jochen , Allende Miguel L. , Cambiazo Verónica , González Mauricio , Hodar Christian , Montecino Martín , Muñoz-Espinoza Claudia , Orellana Ariel , Reyes-Jara Angélica , Travisany Dante , Vizoso Paula , Moraga Mauricio , Eyheramendy Susana , Maass Alejandro , De Ferrari Giancarlo V. , Miquel Juan Francisco , Gutiérrez Rodrigo A. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractWhole human genome sequencing initiatives help us understand population history and the basis of genetic diseases. Current data mostly focuses on Old World populations, and the information of the genomic structure of Native Americans, especially those from the Southern Cone is scant. Here we present annotation and variant discovery from high-quality complete genome sequences of a cohort of 11 Mapuche-Huilliche individuals (HUI) from Southern Chile. We found approximately 3.1 × 106 single nucleotide variants (SNVs) per individual and identified 403,383 (6.9%) of novel SNVs events. Analyses of large-scale genomic events detected 680 copy number variants (CNVs) and 4,514 structural variants (SVs), including 398 and 1,910 novel events, respectively. Global ancestry composition of HUI genomes revealed that the cohort represents a sample from a marginally admixed population from the Southern Cone, whose main genetic component derives from Native American ancestors. Additionally, we found that HUI genomes contain variants in genes associated with 5 of the 6 leading causes of noncommunicable diseases in Chile, which may have an impact on the risk of prevalent diseases in Chilean and Amerindian populations. Our data represents a useful resource that can contribute to population-based studies and for the design of early diagnostics or prevention tools for Native and admixed Latin American populations.
Discovery of recurring slope lineae candidates in Mawrth Vallis, Mars
Authors: Bhardwaj Anshuman , Sam Lydia , Martín-Torres F. Javier , Zorzano María-Paz 
Published: February 2019

AbstractSeveral interpretations of recurring slope lineae (RSL) have related RSL to the potential presence of transient liquid water on Mars. Such probable signs of liquid water have implications for Mars exploration in terms of rover safety, planetary protection during rover operations, and the current habitability of the planet. Mawrth Vallis has always been a prime target to be considered for Mars rover missions due to its rich mineralogy. Most recently, Mawrth Vallis was one of the two final candidates selected by the European Space Agency as a landing site for the ExoMars 2020 mission. Therefore, all surface features and landforms in Mawrth Vallis that may be of special interest in terms of scientific goals, rover safety, and operations must be scrutinised to better assess it for future Mars missions. Here, we report on the initial detection of RSL candidates in two craters of Mawrth Vallis. The new sightings were made outside of established RSL regions and further prompt the inclusion of a new geographical region within the RSL candidate group. Our inferences on the RSL candidates are based on several morphological and geophysical evidences and analogies: (i) the dimensions of the RSL candidates are consistent with confirmed mid-latitude RSL; (ii) albedo and thermal inertia values are comparable to those of other mid-latitude RSL sites; and (iii) features are found in a summer season image and on the steep and warmest slopes. These results denote the plausible presence of transient liquid brines close to the previously proposed landing ellipse of the ExoMars rover, rendering this site particularly relevant to the search of life. Further investigations of Mawrth Vallis carried out at higher spatial and temporal resolutions are needed to identify more of such features at local scales to maximize the scientific return from the future Mars rovers, to prevent probable biological contamination during rover operations, to evade damage to rover components as brines can be highly corrosive, and to quantify the ability of the regolith at mid-latitudes to capture atmospheric water which is relevant for in-situ-resource utilization.
Tuberöse-Sklerose-Komplex: Analyse des okulären Phänotyps und assoziierter Komplikationen
Authors: Zweipfenning Florian , Toelle Sandra , Gerth-Kahlert Christina 
Published: February 2019

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Evaluation und Vergleich des okulären Phänotyps von Patienten, die mit tuberöser Sklerose (TSC) diagnostiziert wurden. Analyse der okulären Komplikationen während der Untersuchungsperiode.
Methoden Es wurde eine retrospektive Datenanalyse von Patienten mit TSC, die ophthalmologische Untersuchungen an der Augenklinik des Universitätsspitals Zürich erhalten hatten, durchgeführt. Bestkorrigierter Visus, Refraktion, Gesichtsfeld, Vorderabschnitts- und Fundusbefunde mit Unterscheidung der Hamartomarten wurden aus den Patientenakten extrahiert. Die Studie wurde durch die kantonale Ethikkommission Zürich bewilligt.
Resultate Insgesamt wurden Daten von 30 Patienten (19 weiblich, 11 männlich) mit TSC identifiziert. Das Alter bei der Erstuntersuchung variierte von 7 Monaten bis 44 Jahre (median 13,3 Jahre, Standardabweichung [SD] 11,31). Bei 17 von 30 Patienten lagen Daten der Follow-up-Untersuchung zwischen 4 Monaten und 19 Jahren vor (median 4,3 Jahre, SD 5,24). Daten der quantitativen Visusüberprüfung lagen von 26/30 Patienten vor, wobei 22/26 einen beidseitig altersentsprechenden Visus aufwiesen. Die Ursache der Visuseinschränkung bei 4 Patienten waren: Komplikation eines subependymalen Riesenzellastrozytoms mit einer beidseitigen Optikusatrophie; retinale Toxizität bei Vigabatrinmedikation; Vorderabschnittsdysgenesie und einseitige Amblyopie ex Anisometropie. Retinale Hamartome waren in 15/30 Patienten dokumentiert: bei 8 Patienten einseitig, bei 7 beidseitig. Der flache Hamartomtyp wurde häufiger als der multinoduläre Typ (10/15 vs. 6/15) beschrieben.
Schlussfolgerungen Der okuläre Phänotyp unserer Patientenkohorte zeigt Übereinstimmungen mit der Literatur. Mit TSC diagnostizierte Patienten erfordern regelmäßige ophthalmologische Kontrollen, um sekundäre Komplikationen wie ein Papillenödem, starken Visusverlust oder Gesichtsfeldeinschränkung frühzeitig zu diagnostizieren.
Neuronale Kontrolle des Blutdrucks
Authors: Eibl Angi , Predel Hans-Georg , Sanders Tanja , Zacher Jonas 
Published: February 2019

ZusammenfassungDie neuronale Kontrolle des Blutdrucks wird über das vegetative Nervensystem vermittelt. In diesem Beitrag werden physiologische und pathophysiologische Mechanismen rekapituliert. Aufgabe der Blutdruckregulation ist die Erhaltung eines adäquaten Herzzeitvolumens und eines ausreichenden Perfusionsdrucks für die Organe. Beim Glaukom ist der okuläre Perfusionsdruck als Differenz zwischen systemischem Blutdruck und intraokulärem Druck entscheidend für die Versorgung des Sehnervs. So sind Patienten mit Normaldruckglaukom und niedrig eingestelltem Blutdruck gefährdet, eine Progression ihres Glaukoms zu erleiden. Auch beim primären Offenwinkelglaukom spielt der systemische Blutdruck eine Rolle. Eine 24-Stunden-Blutdruckmessung mit besonderem Augenmerk auf das nächtliche Dipping des Blutdrucks ist für alle Glaukompatienten empfehlenswert. Internisten und Ophthalmologen sollten sich der gegenseitigen Beeinflussung beider Krankheitsbilder bewusst sein und diese in die Auswahl der individuellen Therapiestrategien und -ziele einbeziehen.