bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How to Engage Men in Preconception Health?: A Scoping Review
Authors: Agustina Silvia A. , Prabandari Yayi S. , Hakimi Mohammad , Hayati Elli N. 
Published: November 2024

Background:
Men’s engagement in maternal and child health care in the preconception health forum is essential because it allows primary prevention of maternal and infant mortality and morbidity. This review aimed to identify strategies to engage men in preconception health.

Materials and Methods:
This scoping review was conducted from August to September 2022. The database searches included PubMed, EBSCO, and ProQuest from 2012 to 2022, related to men’s involvement in reproductive health, preconception health, family planning, maternity, and infant care; articles written in English; national (Indonesia) and international articles; and appropriate thesis. The searched keywords were man/male role, premarital, preconception, reproductive health, and fertility.

Results:
The electronic searches turned to 1969 articles, 16 of which met the inclusion criteria and were selected for study analysis. This review identified three themes: identifying programs that are sensitive to the limitations of men; developing community outreach strategies; and engaging management principles, policy, and legislation.

Conclusions:
Efforts to engage men in preconception health can be complicated, but several strategic programs have demonstrated some success. Subsequent programs that require men’s participation in preconception health services must be sensitive to the identified barriers.
Health Information Disorders Models: A Scoping Review
Authors: Zalpour Amir , Hashemian Mohammadreza , Geraei Ehsan , Farashbandi Firoozeh Zare- 
Published: November 2024

Background:
The purpose of this scoping review is to identify the models of Health Information Disorders (HIDs), the components of these models, their study setting, and their designing approaches.

Materials and Methods:
In this study, PubMed, Web Of Science (WOS), Scopus, ProQuest, and Embase databases were searched to identify relevant articles. After screening the identified studies, 22 studies were selected. Data was extracted based on objectives and was combined and summarized by a narrative method.

Results:
The analysis of articles showed most of the included studies presented conceptual models or frameworks that provide a more structured and comprehensive view of a topic. The elements and components of the HID models were categorized into five main components, including information issues, communication issues, psychology issues, social issues and theories. Most studies employed, existing theories, evidence, or principles to design their approaches. The main setting of studies were COVID-19 and related topics such as vaccination.

Conclusions:
By synthesizing the HID models we tried to find the gap among types, components, designing approaches and setting of models. It seems we need some HID models based on contextual frameworks to understand deeply the way of being born, spread and death of HIDs in society. Also, future advancements in HID models should focus on other diseases rather than COVID-19 to provide a holistic approach in diverse healthcare landscapes.
The Effect of Multidimensional Nursing Interventions on the Incidence of Delirium in Patients with COVID-19
Authors: Hashemi Shahin , Jahani Simin , Sayadi Neda , Maraghi Elham , Yaghoubi Shoeleh 
Published: November 2024

Background:
In patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the incidence of delirium has been increased due to the nature of the disease and the specific protective protocols implemented to control the outbreak of this disease. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of multidimensional nursing interventions on the incidence of delirium in patients with COVID-19.

Materials and Methods:
A quasiexperimental study (preintervention, postintervention assessment) was conducted in168 patients (84 patients in each group) with COVID-19 admitted to the general wards of Hazrat Ali-Asghar Educational Hospital in Shiraz, Iran, between May and June 2021. At first, based on inclusion criteria, the control group was selected to prevent information transmission between the study groups. The control group was treated as usual, but the intervention group received a three-part intervention that included nurse-related, patient-related, and environment-related measures. A Demographic Information Form and the Richmond Agitation Sedation Score and the Intensive Care Delirium Screening Checklist were completed for each patient. The collected data were analyzed.

Results:
25.30% of patients in the control group and 10.50% of patients in the intervention group experienced delirium (χ
2
=
5.72, p < 0.05). The results showed that the incidence of delirium was significantly lower in the intervention group. The mean number of days during which the patients experienced delirium was insignificantly lower in the intervention group (U = 2.56, p > 0.05). The mean length of hospital stay was also significantly lower in the control group (U = -2.41, p < 0.05).

Conclusions:
The multidimensional nursing interventions effectively reduced the incidence of delirium in patients with COVID-19.
Comparative Analysis of Periapical Healing and Periodontal Health in Endodontically Treated Teeth with Different Obturation Techniques
Authors: Kahate Mayur , Rajendran Rakhi , Shetty Urvashi A. , Parveen Sufia , Arya Ashtha , Alwafi Hanadi A. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
The goals of endodontic therapy are to eradicate infection and encourage periapical tissue repair. The treatment’s outcome may be greatly impacted by the obturation method used.

Materials and Methods:
Ninety patients with comparable periapical lesions were grouped into three groups of 30 each for this randomized controlled experiment. Group C got single-cone obturation, Group B warm vertical compaction, and Group A cold lateral compaction. Assessments, both radiographic and clinical, were carried out at baseline, three months, and six months after therapy. The periapical index (PAI) was used to measure periapical healing, while bleeding on probing (BOP), clinical attachment level (CAL), and probing depth (PD) were used to measure periodontal health.

Results:
Group A had a mean PAI decrease of 3.1 ± 0.5, Group B 3.4 ± 0.4, and Group C 2.8 ± 0.6 during the 6-month follow-up. Group B had the biggest drop in probing depth (1.5 ± 0.3 mm), with Group A coming in second (1.3 ± 0.4 mm) and Group C third (1.0 ± 0.5 mm). In comparison to Group A (1.7 ± 0.3 mm) and Group C (1.5 ± 0.4 mm), Group B’s clinical attachment level improved the greatest (2.0 ± 0.4 mm). Group B (10%) had the lowest bleeding on probing ratings, followed by Group A (15%) and Group C (20%).

Conclusion:
When compared to cold lateral compaction and single-cone obturation, warm vertical compaction produced better outcomes for periapical healing and periodontal health. These results imply that obturation method is a major factor in the overall effectiveness of endodontic therapy.
Exfoliated Oral Mucosal Cell Micronucleus Frequency Evaluation in Healthy Individuals, Tobacco Users, and Patients with Potentially Malignant Disorders: An Analytical Comparative Study
Authors: Kranthi V , Shylaja S , Kandi Pallavi , Abidullah Mohammed , Soorneedi Neeharika , Latha Tummakomma P. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Objective:
Assessing the prevalence of exfoliated oral mucosal cell micronuclei in tobacco smokers, healthy persons, and patients with potentially malignant diseases (PMDs). A critical comparative investigation.

Materials and Procedures:
The study included 80 participants divided into four groups: healthy persons, tobacco users without any clinically noticeable oral lesions, patients with leukoplakia, and patients with oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF). Each group included 20 participants. Only cases with a verified histological diagnosis of PMDs were considered for evaluating micronuclei (MNi). This included non-smokers with mucosa that seems normal, smokers with mucosa that appears normal, and individuals with leukoplakia and OSMF who were histologically identified.

Results:
Compared to controls, smokers and patients with PMDs had much higher MN frequencies, with PMD patients having the highest MN frequency. There was a noticeable rise in MN frequency in the H and E and PAP stains from controls to tobacco users and then to PMD patients, showing a stepwise development. While the difference between tobacco users and PMD patients was only significant with the H and E stain, the inter-group comparisons show significant differences in MN frequency between controls and both tobacco users and PMD patients across both staining techniques. Additionally, the comparison of the H and E and PAP stains reveals that whereas MN frequencies in smokers and controls are typically similar, PMD patients have considerably higher MN frequencies in the H and E stains.

Conclusion:
In summary, the research indicates that tobacco users have a much higher MN frequency than controls, with an even more pronounced in individuals who have PMDs.
Evaluating the Effect of Orthodontic Treatment on Periodontal Health in Patients with Preexisting Periodontal Conditions
Authors: Alam Mohammad K. , Hajeer Mohammad Y. , Alsaleh Taif , Alhadi Balqees , Alsaleh Afrah , Alnsairy Raghad , Alruwaili Shahad 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
In many cases, orthodontic treatment is necessary to improve the alignment and functionality of teeth. But there is still uncertainty about how orthodontic equipment may affect periodontal health, especially in individuals who already have periodontal disease.

Materials and Methods:
For this investigation, a total of 50 patients with prior periodontal diseases were chosen. The participants were split into two groups: Group B (n = 25) was the control group and did not get any orthodontic intervention, whereas Group A (n = 25) had orthodontic therapy utilizing fixed appliances. At baseline, six months, and twelve months, periodontal health was evaluated using the Plaque Index (PI), Gingival Index (GI), and Clinical Attachment Level (CAL). Paired t-tests and ANOVA were used to assess the significance of time-series changes in the data.

Results:
There was a statistically significant increase in plaque accumulation in Group A, as evidenced by the mean PI increasing from 1.2 ± 0.4 at baseline to 1.5 ± 0.5 at 12 months (P < 0.05). Additionally, there was a noteworthy rise in the GI, from 1.1 ± 0.3 to 1.4 ± 0.4 (P < 0.05). Though there was a modest drop in the CAL from 3.5 ± 0.8 mm to 3.4 ± 0.7 mm, it was not statistically significant (P > 0.05) and remained very steady. Group B, on the other hand, showed no appreciable variations in PI, GI, or CAL during the course of the investigation.

Conclusion:
Patients receiving orthodontic treatment who already have periodontal disease tend to be more prone to plaque buildup and gingival irritation. Nonetheless, the clinical attachment levels can be sustained for the duration of the treatment with proper periodontal maintenance.
A Comparative Study on the Efficiency of Clear Aligners Versus Conventional Braces in Adult Orthodontic Patients
Authors: Alam Mohammad K. , Hajeer Mohammad Y. , Alahmed Miad A. , Alrubayan Sadeem M. , Almasri Maram F. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Orthodontic treatment in adults has gained popularity with the advent of clear aligners as an alternative to conventional braces.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 100 adult patients requiring orthodontic treatment were enrolled in this study and divided into two groups: 50 patients were treated with clear aligners (Group A) and 50 with conventional braces (Group B). The treatment duration, number of visits, and patient satisfaction were recorded. The primary outcome measured was the alignment of teeth, assessed using the Peer Assessment Rating (PAR) index at baseline and after 12 months of treatment. Secondary outcomes included the duration of treatment and patient-reported discomfort.

Results:
After 12 months of treatment, Group A (clear aligners) showed a 75% reduction in the PAR index, while Group B (conventional braces) showed an 80% reduction. The average treatment duration was 14.5 months for Group A and 16.2 months for Group B. Patient satisfaction was higher in Group A, with 85% of patients reporting high satisfaction compared to 65% in Group B. Discomfort levels were lower in Group A, with a mean score of 2.3 on a 10-point scale, compared to 5.6 in Group B.

Conclusion:
Clear aligners and conventional braces are both effective in achieving desired orthodontic outcomes in adults. However, clear aligners offer a shorter treatment duration, lower discomfort levels, and higher patient satisfaction, making them a preferable option for adult orthodontic patients.
Evaluation of the Efficacy of 3D-Printed Customized Orthodontic Brackets in Reducing Treatment Time and Improving Outcomes
Authors: Alam Mohammad K. , Hajeer Mohammad Y. , Alshammari Abdullah H. , Alenezi Zeyad M. M. , Aldhafeeri Shouq B. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
The advent of 3D printing technology has revolutionized orthodontic treatment, enabling the production of customized orthodontic brackets tailored to individual patients. These customized brackets are hypothesized to reduce treatment time and improve clinical outcomes by providing better alignment precision and minimizing the need for adjustments.

Materials and Methods:
A randomized controlled trial was conducted with 60 patients aged 12–25 years requiring orthodontic treatment. The participants were randomly assigned to two groups: the experimental group (n = 30) received 3D-printed customized orthodontic brackets, while the control group (n = 30) received conventional brackets. Treatment duration, the number of adjustment visits, and the quality of alignment were recorded over an 18-month period. Quality of alignment was assessed using the American Board of Orthodontics (ABO) grading system. Statistical analysis was performed using a paired t-test to compare the outcomes between the two groups.

Results:
The average treatment time for the experimental group was significantly shorter, with a mean duration of 14.2 months (SD ± 1.8) compared to 18.6 months (SD ± 2.3) in the control group (P < 0.01). The number of adjustment visits was reduced by 35% in the experimental group (mean = 8 visits) compared to the control group (mean = 12 visits). Furthermore, the quality of alignment, as measured by the ABO grading system, was significantly higher in the experimental group (mean score = 90.5) compared to the control group (mean score = 78.2) (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
The use of 3D-printed customized orthodontic brackets significantly reduces treatment time and improves the quality of orthodontic outcomes compared to conventional brackets. These findings suggest that customized brackets offer a promising approach for enhancing the efficiency and effectiveness of orthodontic treatment, potentially leading to better patient satisfaction and reduced clinical workload.
Evaluation of Feulgen Reaction for Quantitative DNA Analysis in Oral Leukoplakia: Insights into Malignant Transformation Risk
Authors: Srivastava Amit Kumar , Jain Ruchi , Srivastava Aishwarya , Shrivastava Swati 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Oral leukoplakia is a potentially malignant disorder with a significant risk of transformation into oral squamous cell carcinoma. The Feulgen reaction, a DNA-specific staining technique, has been widely used for the quantitative analysis of DNA content in various tissues.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 50 patients diagnosed with oral leukoplakia were selected for the study. Biopsy samples were obtained from the lesions, and the Feulgen reaction was performed to stain the DNA. Quantitative DNA analysis was conducted using image cytometry, measuring the integrated optical density (IOD) of Feulgen-stained nuclei. The samples were categorized based on their DNA content into diploid, aneuploid, and tetraploid groups. Statistical analysis was performed to assess the correlation between DNA content and the histopathological grading of the lesions.

Results:
Out of the 50 samples, 30% (n = 15) exhibited diploid DNA content, 50% (n = 25) were aneuploid, and 20% (n = 10) were tetraploid. A significant correlation was found between aneuploid DNA content and higher grades of dysplasia (P < 0.05). The mean IOD values for diploid, aneuploid, and tetraploid samples were 1.2, 2.8, and 3.5, respectively. Patients with aneuploid DNA content demonstrated a higher risk of malignant transformation compared to those with diploid DNA content.

Conclusion:
The Feulgen reaction, combined with quantitative DNA analysis, is a valuable tool in assessing the malignant transformation risk in oral leukoplakia. The presence of aneuploidy in these lesions is significantly associated with higher dysplastic changes and an increased risk of progression to oral cancer. Further studies with larger sample sizes are recommended to validate these findings and to establish the Feulgen reaction as a standard predictive marker in clinical practice.
Comparative Evaluation of Clinical and Radiographic Changes Following Delayed Implant Placement in Mandibular Posterior Region with or without i-PRF Activation: A Split Mouth Clinical Study
Authors: Singh Shivam , Khan Yasir S. , Srivastava Amitabh , Srivastava Vivek , Meenawat Ajita , Sahney Tanu 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Injectable platelet-rich fibrin (i-PRF) is prepared without anticoagulants having improved features such as increased fibroblast migration, proliferation, and tissue angiogenesis acceleration. When administered to titanium implants, i-PRF clings to the metal surface, generating a protein coating that impacts cellular activity required for osseointegration which aids in optimum and rapid osseointegration. The present study compared and evaluated the osteogenic properties of i-PRF in dental implant sites to determine the positive impact of i-PRF on osseointegration.

Methods:
A split-mouth clinical study design was used, involving ten participants with twenty sites of bilaterally missing mandibular molars. The subjects were divided into two equal treatment groups (N = 10): control group, where dental implants were placed without i-PRF activation, and test group, where i-PRF-activated dental implants were placed.

Results:
Both groups showed similar trends in plaque index and sulcular bleeding index. However, the test group exhibited significantly higher Implant Stability Quotient scores, indicating better stability. Peri-implant probing depth showed no significant difference between groups, but the test group had lower increase in probing depth. In addition, the test group showed superior wound healing and lower crestal bone loss changes compared to the control group.

Conclusions:
The findings of this study contributed to understand the effectiveness of i-PRF in enhancing osseointegration in dental implants, potentially improving clinical outcomes in implant dentistry.
Awareness and Need for Dental Insurance in India: A Survey-Based Study Among Dental Health Care Professionals
Authors: Jadeja Nileshwariba , Anerao Ruchik , Nandini C. , Buddhikot Chaitanya , Sekharamantri Anuraga , Singh Pooja , Gandhi Freya Mehul 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Oral health is vital to overall well-being, but high dental care costs often restrict access, particularly in developing countries like India. Although dental insurance could alleviate these costs and enhance accessibility, it remains underdeveloped in Southeast Asia, including India.

Objective:
This study evaluates the awareness and perceived need for dental insurance among dental health professionals and students in India, focusing on their views regarding its role in improving care accessibility.

Methods:
An online cross-sectional survey was administered to 500 participants (dentists and dental students) at a dental college in Gandhinagar, India. Data from 474 completed responses were analyzed after excluding 26 incomplete ones. The survey covered personal demographics, insurance status, perceptions of dental care costs, and interest in dental insurance.

Results:
The survey revealed a significant demand for dental insurance. A substantial 85.3% of participants found private dental treatments costly, and 90.6% viewed dental insurance was as crucial as medical insurance. Furthermore, 76.7% showed interest in learning more about dental insurance.

Conclusion:
Integrating dental insurance into India's healthcare system could enhance dental care access by lowering financial barriers. Increased awareness and education about dental insurance among dental professionals and students are essential to address existing gaps and improve oral health outcomes.
Assessment of the Antimicrobial Efficacy and Mechanical Properties of Glass Ionomer Cement (GIC) Incorporating Silver Nanoparticles In Varying Concentrations for Pediatric Dental Applications
Authors: Imran MD , Mallick Rashmirekha , Vadlamani Rohit , Dhar Antarik 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Glass ionomer cement (GIC) is widely used in pediatric dentistry due to its fluoride-releasing properties and strong adhesion to tooth structure. However, enhancing its antimicrobial efficacy remains a challenge. Incorporating silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) has been proposed as a solution to increase the antimicrobial properties of GIC without compromising its mechanical strength.

Materials and Methods:
This study investigated the effects of integrating varying concentrations of AgNPs into GIC on its antimicrobial efficacy against common oral pathogens and its mechanical properties. Three concentrations of AgNPs (0.5%, 1%, and 1.5% by weight) were evaluated. Antimicrobial activity was assessed using the agar diffusion test against Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus acidophilus. Mechanical properties, including compressive strength and wear resistance, were measured using standardized tests. Thirty pediatric patients were randomly assigned to receive dental treatments using one of the three modified GIC formulations.

Results:
The GIC modified with 1% AgNPs demonstrated optimal antimicrobial activity, showing a significant inhibition zone increase of 25% against S. mutans and 20% against L. acidophilus compared to the control. The compressive strength of the GIC was maintained, with the 1% AgNP formulation achieving a compressive strength of 220 MPa, comparable to the control (215 MPa). Wear resistance slightly decreased as the concentration of AgNPs increased.

Conclusion:
The addition of 1% AgNPs to GIC significantly enhances its antimicrobial properties without adversely affecting its mechanical strength. This formulation holds potential for improving the effectiveness of pediatric dental restorations by reducing the risk of secondary caries.
Completion problems and sparsity for Kemeny’s constant
Authors: Kirkland Steve 
Published: November 2024

AbstractFor a partially specified stochastic matrix, we consider the problem of completing it so as to minimize Kemeny’s constant. We prove that for any partially specified stochastic matrix for which the problem is well defined, there is a minimizing completion that is as sparse as possible. We also find the minimum value of Kemeny’s constant in two special cases: when the diagonal has been specified and when all specified entries lie in a common row.