bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Human mesenchymal stem/stromal cell based-therapy in diabetes mellitus: experimental and clinical perspectives
Authors: Zeinhom Alaa , Fadallah Sahar A. , Mahmoud Marwa 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDiabetes mellitus (DM), a chronic metabolic disease, poses a significant global health challenge, with current treatments often fail to prevent the long-term disease complications. Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are, adult progenitors, able to repair injured tissues, exhibiting regenerative effects and immunoregulatory and anti-inflammatory responses, so they have been emerged as a promising therapeutic approach in many immune-related and inflammatory diseases. This review summarizes the therapeutic mechanisms and outcomes of MSCs, derived from different human tissue sources (hMSCs), in the context of DM type 1 and type 2. Animal model studies and clinical trials indicate that hMSCs can facilitate pleiotropic actions in the diabetic milieu for improved metabolic indices. In addition to modulating abnormally active immune system, hMSCs can ameliorate peripheral insulin resistance, halt beta-cell destruction, preserve residual beta-cell mass, promote beta-cell regeneration and insulin production, support islet grafts, and correct lipid metabolism. Moreover, hMSC-free derivatives, importantly extracellular vesicles, have shown potent experimental anti-diabetic efficacy. Moreover, the review discusses the diverse priming strategies that are introduced to enhance the preclinical anti-diabetic actions of hMSCs. Such strategies are recommended to restore the characteristics and functions of MSCs isolated from patients with DM for autologous implications. Finally, limitations and merits for the wide spread clinical applications of MSCs in DM such as the challenge of autologous versus allogeneic MSCs, the optimal MSC tissue source and administration route, the necessity of larger clinical trials for longer evaluation duration to assess safety concerns, are briefly presented.
Graphical Abstract
Human-specific protein-coding and lncRNA genes cast sex-biased genes in the brain and their relationships with brain diseases
Authors: He Sha , Zhang Xuecong , Zhu Hao 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Gene expression shows sex bias in the brain as it does in other organs. Since female and male humans exhibit noticeable differences in emotions, logical thinking, movement, spatial orientation, and even the incidence of neurological disorders, sex biases in the brain are especially interesting, but how they are determined, whether they are conserved or lineage specific, and what the consequences of the biases are, remain poorly explored and understood.

Methods
Based on RNA-seq datasets from 16 and 14 brain regions in humans and macaques across developmental periods and from patients with brain diseases, we used linear mixed models (LMMs) to differentiate variations in gene expression caused by factors of interest and confounding factors and identify four types of sex-biased genes. Effect size and confidence in each effect were measured upon the local false sign rate (LFSR). We utilized the biomaRt R package to acquire orthologous genes in humans and macaques from the BioMart Ensembl website. Transcriptional regulation of sex-biased genes by sex hormones and lncRNAs were analyzed using the CellOracle, GENIE3, and Longtarget programs. Sex-biased genes’ functions were revealed by gene set enrichment analysis using multiple methods.

Results
Lineage-specific sex-biased genes greatly determine the distinct sex biases in human and macaque brains. In humans, those encoding proteins contribute directly to immune-related functions, and those encoding lncRNAs intensively regulate the expression of other sex-biased genes, especially genes with immune-related functions. The identified sex-specific differentially expressed genes (ssDEGs) upon gene expression in disease and normal samples also indicate that protein-coding ssDEGs are conserved in humans and macaques but that lncRNA ssDEGs are not conserved. The results answer the above questions, reveal an intrinsic relationship between sex biases in the brain and sex-biased susceptibility to brain diseases, and will help researchers investigate human- and sex-specific ncRNA targets for brain diseases.

Conclusions
Human-specific genes greatly cast sex-biased genes in the brain and their relationships with brain diseases, with protein-coding genes contributing to immune response related functions and lncRNA genes critically regulating sex-biased genes. The high proportions of lineage-specific lncRNAs in mammalian genomes indicate that sex biases may have evolved rapidly in not only the brain but also other organs.
Solar cycle phase and occurrence of intense geomagnetic storms
Authors: Watari S. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractSolar cycles have an asymmetrical shape with a fast rise and a slow decline, which varies from cycle to cycle. This makes it difficult to study the solar cycle phase dependence of the occurrence of intense solar-terrestrial events such as intense geomagnetic storms. In the previous works, differences in the rise and fall time lengths of each solar cycle were not fully considered. We normalized the asymmetric shape of each solar cycle using the rise and fall time lengths and showed the solar cycle phase dependence of occurrence of the intense geomagnetic storms selected using the Dst index for solar cycles 19−24 and using the aa index for solar cycles 12−24. The previous works noted that the occurrence of geomagnetic disturbances shows double peaks before and after solar maximum. Our results showed that the occurrence of the intense geomagnetic storms selected using the Dst and aa indices does not always show clear double peaks and increased more in the earlier half of the fall time than in the other time periods. The Dst and aa indices have been used to select geomagnetic storms in the previous studies. We pointed out that the solar cycle phase dependence of occurrence of the geomagnetic storms selected using the aa index is slightly different from those selected using the Dst index. We showed the geomagnetic storm on 4 August 1972 as an extreme case, which showed difference between Dst and aa. We also showed that intense geomagnetic storms associated with eruptive flares from the active sunspot groups occurred around the solar minima of cycles 17, 19, 20, and 21.
Graphical Abstract
Dietary practices and associated factors among adult diabetic patients at academic tertiary-level hospitals in central Ethiopia: convergent mixed study
Authors: Saliya Sentayehu Admasu , Ashine Taye Mezgebu , Heliso Asnakech Zekiwos , Babore Getachew Ossabo , Birhanu Bethelhem , Hailu Awoke Girma , Sebro Sisay Foga , Ezo Elias , Begizew Selamawit Wondale 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most prevalent chronic diseases worldwide. Despite the existence of national strategies to prevent potential complications, DM-related morbidities and mortality continue to rise in Ethiopia. Although studies have been conducted regarding dietary practices among DM patients in the country, there is a lack of in-depth understanding of the situation.

Objective
To assess dietary practices and associated factors among adult DM patients at academic tertiary-level hospitals in central Ethiopia in 2024.

Methods
A concurrent mixed-methods study was conducted from January 01 to 30, 2024, involving 420 adult DM patients. Participants were selected using a simple random sampling technique for the quantitative study. A purposive sampling technique was used to select sixteen participants for qualitative analysis. For the quantitative study, a self-administered structured questionnaire was used to collect data, and in-depth interviews were conducted for the qualitative part. Multivariate binary logistic regressions were used to assess the explanatory variables associated with dietary practice. A thematic analysis was performed for qualitative data.

Result
Of 420 eligible participants, 406 (96.7%) participated in the study. The overall proportion of good dietary practices among participants was 172 (42.4%). Being female, residing in urban areas, having a family history of DM, and having good dietary knowledge were significantly associated with better dietary practices. From the qualitative analysis, two themes emerged "Living as before and not adhering to diabetic dietary recommendations" and "Barriers to adherence to effective eating practices."

Conclusions and recommendations
Less than half of adult DM patients had good dietary practices. Sex, geographic location, family history of DM, and level of knowledge of diabetic diet were associated with dietary practice. Intervention programs on awareness creation and training to improve the dietary practice by stakeholders were recommended.
Efficacy and safety of the needle rendezvous technique for infrainguinal arterial calcified lesions
Authors: Haraguchi Takuya , Tsujimoto Masanaga , Kashima Yoshifumi , Kasai Yuhei , Sato Katsuhiko , Fujita Tsutomu 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Lower extremity artery disease is increasingly prevalent, and complex lesions such as calcified chronic total occlusions pose significant challenges during endovascular therapy. The needle rendezvous technique, which involves puncturing a needle toward the guidewire within the lesion or lumen and advancing the guidewire into the needle lumen to achieve guidewire externalization, offers a potential solution. If device passage remains challenging, the Rendezvous-PIERCE technique can be subsequently employed by advancing the needle over the externalized guidewire to modify the lesion directly. This study aimed to evaluate the procedural outcomes of needle rendezvous in infrainguinal arterial occlusive lesions.

Methods
This single-center, retrospective, single-arm study included patients treated with needle rendezvous between August 2020 and March 2024. The primary outcome was technical success rate, defined as the device passage following guidewire externalization using needle rendezvous. Secondary outcomes included the rates of procedural success, complications, and 30-day clinical-driven target lesion revascularization (CDTLR).

Results
Twenty-five patients (25 limbs) with 52% on hemodialysis and 80% having chronic limb-threatening ischemia in 52% and 80% were enrolled. All cases involved bilateral calcified occlusions, and 72% targeted the infrapopliteal artery segment. The average needle rendezvous time was 3.7 ± 2.0 min. Rendezvous-PIERCE was performed in 28% of cases. All cases achieved 100% technical and procedural success, with no procedure-related complications. The 30-day CDTLR rate was 8%, limited to below-the-knee lesions.

Conclusions
Needle rendezvous is a safe and effective technique for treating complex infrainguinal arterial occlusions, providing a viable alternative when conventional methods fail.
Iatrogenic botulism after intragastric botulinum neurotoxin injections – a major outbreak
Authors: Goerttler Tsepo , Dorner Martin B. , van der Linden Christina , Kienitz Ricardo , Petrik Stephan , Blechinger Stephan , Spickschen Jonah , Betz Iris R. , Hinrichs Carl , Steindl David , Weber Frederike , Musacchio Thomas , Wunderlich Gilbert , Rueger Maria Adele , Barbe Michael T. , Dafsari Haidar , Demir Seda , Lapa Sriramya , Zeiner Pia S. , Strzelczyk Adam , Tinnemann Peter , Kleine Christian , Totzeck Andreas , Klebe Stephan , Mikolajewska Agata , Dorner Brigitte G. , Fertl Elisabeth , Grefkes-Hermann Christian , Fink Gereon , Kleinschnitz Christoph , Hagenacker Tim 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Intragastric botulinum neurotoxin injections (IBNI) are offered off-label in the private medical sector in a few European countries as a safe and effective weight-loss measure. In February and March 2023, an outbreak of iatrogenic botulism occurred in several European countries following IBNI treatment in Turkey. This case series describes the clinical features of severe iatrogenic botulism after IBNI.

Methods
We retrospectively summarize the clinical course and emergency department and intensive care unit interventions in ten cases of severe iatrogenic botulism that occurred after receiving IBNI in this sudden outbreak in Austria and Germany.

Results
Seven out of ten cases initially showed characteristic symptoms of botulism with diplopia, dysphagia, dysarthria, dysarthrophonia, and descending paralysis. All patients were hospitalized, six in an intensive care unit and partially requiring mechanical ventilation. All patients recovered and were discharged without relevant permanent deficits.

Conclusion
Our study highlights ten clinical cases in this iatrogenic botulism outbreak, representing the largest reported outbreak worldwide. Clinicians should be aware of the risks associated with medical procedures involving botulinum neurotoxins and ensure measures to minimize the risk of iatrogenic botulism.
Side effects of insecticides used for management of
Tuta absoluta
Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Gelechidae) on the biocontrol agent
Trichogramma brassicae
Bezdenko (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae)
Authors: Papari Salma , Dousti AbuFazel , Fallahzadeh Majid , Haddi Khalid , Desneux Nicolas , Saghaei Nazila 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Trichogramma brassicae
is one of the most important egg parasitoids of many pests including South American tomato pinworm,
Tuta absoluta
(Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae). In agrosystems, the function of parasitoids can be affected by the application of insecticides. To use biological control agents and pesticides simultaneously in pest management, it is necessary to know the potential effect of pesticides on biological control agents. In this study, the lethal and sublethal effects of four insecticides (flubendiamide, emamectin benzoate + lufenuron, thiocyclam, and spinosad) frequently used to control
T. absoluta
, were investigated on its parasitoid
Trichogramma Brassicae
Bezdenko (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae), under controlled laboratory conditions. The results showed that spinosad with an LC
50
value of 0.73 mg a.i./ L was highly toxic against adults of
T. brassicae
in comparison to flubendiamide (4.09 mg a.i./ L), emamectin benzoate + lufenuron (4.17 mg a.i./ L), and thiocyclam (9.59 mg a.i./ L). Furthermore, key demographic parameters such as net reproductive rate (
R
0
), intrinsic rate of increase (
r
m
), mean generation time (
T
), and doubling time (DT) were significantly decreased after exposure of
T. brassicae
to the LC
30
s of spinosad, thiocyclam, flubendiamide, and emamectin benzoate + lufenuron compared to the control. In the light of our results, the four insecticides should be used cautiously in
T. absoluta
integrated management programs. While the thiocyclam can be combined with the
T. brassicae,
the flubendiamide and emamectin benzoate + lufenuron are not recommended in the presence of this parasitoid. The use of spinosad should be avoided concomitantly with the release of
T. brassicae
.
Positron Emission Tomography Imaging of Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma—18F-FDOPA vs Somatostatin Analogues
Authors: Ebbehoj Andreas , Iversen Peter , Kramer Stine , Stochholm Kirstine , Poulsen Per Løgstrup , Hjorthaug Karin , Søndergaard Esben 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Context
Functional imaging with positron emission tomography (PET) scans is an essential part of the diagnostic workup for pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma (PPGL). The purpose of this review is to (1) provide a brief overview of functional imaging for PPGL, (2) summarize selected present and older guideline and review recommendations, and (3) conduct a literature review on the diagnostic performance of the most used PET tracers for PPGL.

Evidence Acquisition
We conducted a systematic literature search in PubMed from January 2004 to August 2024 with the search string (“Pheochromocytoma” OR “Paraganglioma”) AND (“Positron Emission Tomography” OR “Radionuclide Imaging” OR (“PET” AND (“FDG” OR “DOTATOC” OR “DOTANOC” OR “DOTATATE” OR “DOPA” OR “FDOPA”))). Studies involving PET scans of at least 20 individuals with PPGL or at least 5 individuals in a rare, well-defined subgroup of PPGL (eg, sympathetic or head-neck paragangliomas and specific pathogenic variants) were included.

Evidence Synthesis
Seventy studies were identified of which 21 were head-to-head comparisons of at least 2 different PET tracers [18F-fluorodihydroxyphenylalanine, fluorodihydroxyphenylalanine positron emission tomography (18F-FDOPA), 68Ga-DOTA-conjugated somatostatin analogues, 68Ga-DOTA-conjugated somatostatin analogue positron emission tomography (68Ga-SSA), and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose]. 18F-FDOPA had higher sensitivity for pheochromocytoma compared to 68Ga-SSA and equal sensitivity for metastatic pheochromocytoma. 18F-FDOPA and 68Ga-SSA had similar sensitivity for primary non-succinate dehydrogenase subunits (SDHx) sympathetic and head-neck paraganglioma. However, 68Ga-SSA had higher sensitivity for metastatic sympathetic and head-neck paraganglioma and for SDHx-related paraganglioma.

Conclusion
18F-FDOPA and 68Ga-SSA PET are both sensitive for localizing PPGL. However, 18F-FDOPA is the most sensitive for detecting pheochromocytoma, while 68Ga-SSA is superior to 18F-FDOPA for metastatic sympathetic and head-neck paraganglioma and SDHx-related paraganglioma.
Flight power muscles have a coordinated, causal role in controlling hawkmoth pitch turns
Authors: Wood Leo J. , Putney Joy , Sponberg Simon 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT
Flying insects solve a daunting control problem of generating a patterned and precise motor program to stay airborne and generate agile maneuvers. In this motor program, each muscle encodes information about movement in precise spike timing down to the millisecond scale. Whereas individual muscles share information about movement, we do not know whether they have separable effects on an animal's motion, or whether muscles functionally interact such that the effects of any muscle's timing depend heavily on the state of the entire musculature. To answer these questions, we performed spike-resolution electromyography and electrical stimulation in the hawkmoth Manduca sexta during tethered flapping. We specifically explored how flight power muscles contribute to pitch control. Combining correlational study of visually induced turns with causal manipulation of spike timing, we discovered likely coordination patterns for pitch turns, and investigated whether these patterns can drive pitch control. We observed significant timing change of the main downstroke muscles, the dorsolongitudinal muscles (DLMs), associated with pitch turns. Causally inducing this timing change in the DLMs with electrical stimulation produced a consistent, mechanically relevant feature in pitch torque, establishing that power muscles in M. sexta have a control role in pitch. Because changes were evoked in only the DLMs, however, these pitch torque features left large unexplained variation. We found this unexplained variation indicates significant functional overlap in pitch control such that precise timing of one power muscle does not produce a precise turn, demonstrating the importance of coordination across the entire motor program for flight.
Automated Volatility Forecasting
Authors: Li Sophia Zhengzi , Tang Yushan 
Published: October 2024

We develop an automated system to forecast volatility by leveraging more than 100 features and five machine learning algorithms. Considering the universe of S&P 100 stocks, our system results in superior out-of-sample volatility forecasts compared with existing risk models across forecast horizons. We further demonstrate that our system remains robust to different specifications and is scalable to a broader S&P 500 stock universe via hyperparameter transfer learning. Finally, the statistical improvement in volatility forecasts translates into significant annual returns from a cross-sectional variance risk premium strategy. This paper was accepted by Lin William Cong, finance. Supplemental Material: The online appendix and data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.01520 .
The Choice Overload Effect in Online Recommender Systems
Authors: Long Xiaoyang , Sun Jiankun , Dai Hengchen , Zhang Dennis , Zhang Jianfeng , Chen Yujie , Hu Haoyuan , Zhao Binqiang 
Published: October 2024

Problem definition: Online retailing platforms are increasingly relying on personalized recommender systems to help guide consumer choice. An important but understudied question in such settings is how many products to include in a recommendation set. In this work, we study how the number of recommended products influences consumers’ search and purchase behavior in an online personalized recommender system within a retargeting setting. Methodology/results: Via a field experiment involving 1.6 million consumers on an online retailing platform, we causally demonstrate that consumers’ likelihood of purchasing any product from the recommendation set first increases then decreases as the number of recommended products increases. Importantly, as much as 64% of the decrease in purchase probability (i.e., the choice overload effect) can be attributed to a decrease in consumers’ likelihood of starting a search (i.e., clicking on any recommended product). We discuss the possible behavioral mechanisms driving these results and analyze how these effects could be heterogeneous across different product categories, price ranges, and timing. Managerial implications: This work presents real-world experimental evidence for the choice overload effect in online retailing platforms, highlights the important role of consumer search behavior in driving this effect, and sheds light on when and how limiting the number of options in a recommender system may be beneficial to online retailers. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2022.0659 .
Ideas y acciones en torno al aborto que emprendieron personas con embarazos en la adolescencia en Ciudad de México
Authors: Pérez Baleón Fabiola , Vargas Elena Montserrat 
Published: October 2024

Se profundiza en el conocimiento sobre las ideas que en torno al aborto y a la Interrupción Legal del Embarazo (ILE), tienen tanto mujeres como hombres, residentes de la ciudad de México o de su área metropolitana, que viven un embarazo en la adolescencia. Se explora si consideraron alguna vez interrumpir su embarazo, ya sea en su primera o en alguna de sus subsecuentes gestas; las acciones que efectuaron y el resultado que obtuvieron. Se ahonda en el papel que el varón juega tanto en la ocurrencia del embarazo como en las decisiones que toman para continuar con el embarazo o para detenerlo.
Las y los entrevistados pueden llegar a visualizar al aborto como una solución ante un embarazo no deseado o no planeado; sin embargo, ello no implica que finalmente lo efectúen, ya que no necesariamente saben en qué consiste el aborto y la ILE. Tampoco saben a quién acudir para informarse y recibir orientación científica y servicios médicos apegados a la ley. En tanto que la familia juega un papel importante para conminarles a continuar con su embarazo y, en la medida de lo posible, a formar una familia y una pareja conyugal. Los ultrasonidos practicados les ayudan a visualizar al ser en gestación como un bebé, terminando por aceptando su embarazo, por lo que de la ideación del aborto a la acción hay una gran diferencia que no suele pasar de un simple pensamiento.