bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Extracting full information from OCT scans—signs of early age‐related macular degeneration within inner retinal layers by local neighbourhood statistics. Part I: Methodology
Authors: Wagner Marcus , Sommerer Julia , Rauscher Franziska G. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesAssociations between the occurrence of early age‐related macular degeneration (AMD) and alterations in retinal layer thicknesses have been reported based on classical processing of optical coherence tomography (OCT) data by noise removal and subsequent image segmentation. However, speckle noise within OCT data itself bears a substantial part of the total information. For this reason, an omics‐type approach was designed for full exploitation of OCT data, which was able to identify signs of early AMD throughout the retina as a whole.MethodsA nested case–control study was designed with 200 early AMD cases and 200 healthy controls. For every participant, within a randomly selected OCT scan and a randomly selected column therein, manual grading was performed for 26 retinal feature positions. At each position, a total of 3792 descriptors were computed, based on nonlinear transformations of OCT data, first‐order neighbourhood statistics and Haralick features. Equivalence and differences between cases and controls were tested for every descriptor at each graded position. Results of multiple testing were expressed in terms of false and true discovery rates controlled by the Benjamini–Yekutieli procedure.ResultsIn terms of the amount and disparity of true discoveries, overall non‐equivalence of early AMD and healthy groups was found. Strong difference signals were observed at the internal limiting membrane and two central retinal positions, particularly for descriptors emphasising speckle noise.ConclusionsBetween retinae of healthy controls and early AMD patients, significant differences were observed at the level of local neighbourhood statistics within the OCT data. Thus, independent evidence was obtained for AMD affecting not only the outer retinal layers but also the retina as a whole, even in the early stages of the disease. Within OCT data, both cartoons and speckle bear essential parts of total information. A constructive, completely documented, traceable and repeatable approach was pursued without invoking artificial intelligence methods.
Development of a multimedia videogrammetric technique in underwater dynamic monitoring
Authors: Tong Xiaohua , Gao Sa , Ye Zhen , Chen Peng , Liu Shijie , Liu Xianglei , Hong Zhonghua , Xie Huan 
Published: November 2024

AbstractImage‐based measurements of underwater infrastructure dynamics is challenging due to the refractive nature of the environment. To mitigate this problem, a multimedia high‐speed videogrammetric technique is proposed. The approach monitors the motion states of the underwater object and introduces a virtual refracting interface compensation model. The spatial expression of the virtual refracting interface is first found as a convex surface. Through the proposed compensation model, the complex multimedia refraction imaging can be easily transformed to simple dual‐media refraction imaging. Combined with high‐speed videogrammetry, this multimedia imaging analysis approach can measure underwater deformation. Simulated and experimental testing confirmed the feasibility and reliability of the proposed approach with sub‐millimetre positioning accuracy.
Indigenous youth aspiration, community, and Kichwa futures in Ecuador
Authors: Tuaza Castro Luis Alberto , Colloredo‐Mansfeld Rudi 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis article challenges a narrative of “decomunalization” and the loss of native culture and identity in the Andes. We ask in what way have formal community jurisdictions supported development and individual aspirations beyond the boundaries of rural places and economies? This research draws primarily on interviews conducted in 2023 with elected community council officials. In tracking changing aspirations of three generations of indigenous activists, we demonstrate how early leaders of the indigenous communities always looked beyond local circumstances in their plans, even as they consolidated immediate zones of relative organizational autonomy. We then show that while young people have moved from rural places, communities themselves are evolving and incorporating youth leadership. This paper seeks to contribute to emerging discussion on global indigeneity for the way it addresses a hemispheric issue of young people's exodus from rural places and the concerns that emigration raises about inter‐generational connectivity.
Toward an Indigenous anthropology
Authors: Lambert Valerie , Lambert Michael 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis article introduces a special section that features four Indigenous anthropologists from two different world regions—Africa and Latin America. This section is unique in that the contributions of these anthropologists are being published in the scholars' Native languages—IsiZulu, Kichwa, Nahua, and Wolof—and in English. There are a number of reasons we felt it important to bring together the work of these scholars in one journal. First, we felt that it was important to highlight the work that non‐Western scholars are contributing to a field that is overwhelmingly dominated by Euro‐American and European scholars. Second, as Indigenous scholars ourselves, we are committed to the project of decentering anthropology by facilitating direct conversations between Indigenous scholars in different parts of the world—in this case, Africa and Latin America—that are not mediated by non‐Indigenous voices. By doing this, we are hoping to promote the emergence of a truly Indigenous Anthropology. Our decision to foreground the authors' Native languages draws attention to the problem of linguistic imperialism within anthropology—a problem that has marginalized Indigenous languages. This special section is a modest step towards addressing this problem.
A Graphic Double Consciousness: The Souls of Black Folk and Its Graphic Interpretation
Authors: Garcia Albert 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThis paper explores three concepts of double consciousness as presented in W.E.B. Du Bois' seminal work, The Souls of Black Folk, and its interpretation in the 2023 graphic novel by Paul Peart‐Smith. The study underscores the continued relevance of Du Bois' ideas, particularly in their graphic form, which enhances understanding through visual representation. The concepts of double consciousness focused on in this study that is the veil, twoness, and second sight, are examined through textual‐visual analysis to highlight how the graphic medium democratizes and deepens the visibility of these concepts. By analyzing key illustrations and their interplay with the original text, the paper demonstrates how the graphic novel format elucidates the internal and external conflicts faced by Black individuals. It posits that the graphic interpretation not only makes the themes more accessible but also amplifies the emotional and psychological dimensions of Du Bois' work. This enhanced visibility is argued to foster a greater offensive against injustices and oppression, thus aligning with Du Bois' vision of striving for a more just society. The paper also addresses critiques of the graphic novel medium and advocates for its capacity to engage a multidisciplinary audience, ultimately contributing to the broader understanding of Black identity and resilience.
Flow Yang Chizhong Filtering for Correcting Global Spatial Autocorrelation in Flow Hotspot Detection
Authors: Liu Qiliang , Wei Zikai , Yang Jie , Deng Min 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTDetecting hotspots in origin–destination (OD) flows is crucial for understanding spatial interaction patterns of geographical phenomena. Because of the influence of global spatial autocorrelation, local flow hotspots are often misidentified or overlooked. To address this issue, this study proposes a weighted moving average method based on binomial coefficients (i.e., flow Yang Chizhong filtering) to model the global spatial autocorrelation structure from a geometric perspective and detects flow clusters from the residuals obtained by removing the global spatial autocorrelation structure from the original flow data. Flow Yang Chizhong filtering upgrades a spatial filtering method, that is, Yang Chizhong filtering, from a spatial point and polygon data to spatial flow data through redefining the convolution kernel. A multiscale geometric approximation strategy is employed to identify the optimal global spatial autocorrelation structure. Experimental results on simulated and Beijing taxi OD flow datasets demonstrate that the global spatial autocorrelation structures constructed by flow Yang Chizhong filtering are more accurate than those constructed by the trend surface analysis. Consequently, a flow hotspot detection method combined with the flow Yang Chizhong filtering can effectively identify local flow hotspots masked by global autocorrelation structures.
Chitin‐signaling‐dependent responses to insect oral secretions in rice cells propose the involvement of chitooligosaccharides in plant defense against herbivores
Authors: Kanda Yasukazu , Shinya Tomonori , Wari David , Hojo Yuko , Fujiwara Yuka , Tsuchiya Wataru , Fujimoto Zui , Thomma Bart P. H. J. , Nishizawa Yoko , Kamakura Takashi , Galis Ivan , Mori Masaki 
Published: November 2024

SUMMARYPlants recognize molecules related to a variety of biotic stresses through pattern recognition receptors to activate plant immunity. In the interactions between plants and chewing herbivores, such as lepidopteran larvae, oral secretions (OS) are deposited on wounded sites, which results in the elicitation of plant immune responses. The widely conserved receptor‐like kinase CHITIN ELICITOR RECEPTOR KINASE 1 (CERK1) has been broadly associated with the recognition of microbial components, such as fungal chitin, but its relevance to herbivory remained unclear. In this study, we used receptor‐knockout rice (Oryza sativa) and larvae of the lepidopteran pest Mythimna loreyi to demonstrate that the induction of immune responses triggered by larval OS in rice cells largely depends on CERK1 (OsCERK1). CHITIN ELICITOR‐BINDING PROTEIN (CEBiP), an OsCERK1‐interacting receptor‐like protein that was proposed as the main chitin receptor, also contributed to the responses of rice cells to OS collected from three different lepidopteran species. Furthermore, CEBiP knockout rice seedlings showed lower OS‐triggered accumulation of jasmonic acid. These results strongly suggest that the OsCERK1 and CEBiP recognize a particular OS component in chewing lepidopteran herbivores, and point toward the presence of chitooligosaccharides in the OS. Targeted perturbation to chitin recognition, through the use of fungal effector proteins, confirmed the presence of chitooligosaccharides in the OS. Treatments of wounds on rice plants with chitooligosaccharides enhanced a set of immune responses, leading to resistance against an herbivorous insect. Our data show that rice recognizes chitooligosaccharides during larval herbivory to activate resistance, and identifies chitin as a novel herbivore‐associated molecular pattern.
Impact of pressure injuries on health‐related quality of life: A systematic review
Authors: Liu Shiwen , Rawson Helen , Islam Rakibul M. , Team Victoria 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe objective of this systematic review was to synthesise the evidence of the impact of pressure injuries (PIs) on the health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) of adults aged 18 years and older. Electronic databases (Ovid Medline, Ovid Embase, CINAHL EBSCO, Scopus and Central Register of Controlled Trials) were searched for eligible studies published between January 2019 and April 2024. All identified articles were reviewed by two reviewers against the eligibility criteria. The risk of bias was assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool and the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tool. Data were narratively synthesised due to methodological heterogeneity. Twenty‐two studies (12 quantitative; 9 qualitative;1 mixed methods) met the inclusion criteria. The qualitative studies were grouped into four impact areas: symptoms, physical function, psychological well‐being and social functioning. Five instruments were used to assess HRQoL and identified low scores in people with PIs, with the lowest scores mostly reported in physical functioning and role physical and emotional concepts. A complexity of factors influenced theHRQoL of people with PI. This review synthesised both quantitative and qualitative evidence indicating PI was associated with low HRQoL scores and negatively affected all aspects of HRQoL. This review emphasised the complexity of factors related to PI and its impact on HRQoL. Further emphasis on the impact of the complexity of factors on HRQoL of people with PI should be considered in future studies.
Terra do Sol e da Renda: O Programa “Renda Do Sol” como Política Pública para o Desenvolvimento Sustentável Cearense
Authors: Bruno da Silva Alexandre Antonio , Laércio Pereira Braga Francisco 
Published: November 2024

RESUMO: No Brasil, a política pública de universalização do acesso à energia elétrica obteve avanços significativos; entretanto, a pobreza energética ainda persiste, especialmente na região do semiárido. Alterar essa realidade, por meio de políticas públicas sustentáveis, é um desafio atual para o desenvolvimento econômico e social da região. Este estudo tem como objetivo apresentar a política de universalização do acesso à energia elétrica no Brasil, com destaque para o Programa “Renda do Sol” no Estado do Ceará, no contexto da persistência da pobreza energética, especialmente em áreas rurais. A metodologia utilizada inclui revisão bibliográfica e documental de fontes acadêmicas e governamentais, além de consultas a legislação relacionadas às políticas de universalização da produção, acesso, distribuição e uso da energia elétrica. Os resultados indicam que, apesar dos avanços, os desafios na implementação de uma matriz energética sustentável e inclusiva permanecem. Conclui-se que o programa cearense, alinhado aos Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ODS) para promover um desenvolvimento sustentável e equitativo, busca reduzir a pobreza em comunidades rurais por meio da microgeração de energia solar, além de capacitar jovens para atuarem no setor de energias renováveis.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Pobreza Energética; Desenvolvimento Sustentável; Energia Renovável; Microgeração; Política Pública.
The Impact of Different Equilibrium Hypotheses on the Nonlinear Response of Bladed Disks
Authors: Zara Gianmarco , Berruti Teresa Maria , Zucca Stefano 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Underplatform dampers (UPDs) are widely used in bladed disks to mitigate blades' vibration amplitude. Such devices introduce localized nonlinearities, whose modeling requires nonlinear solution techniques. When the harmonic balance method (HBM) is used to compute the nonlinear forced response of blades with UPDs, two different implementations are available: (i) the uncoupled approach, where the static equilibrium is determined in advance and used as input to determine the dynamic equilibrium; (ii) the coupled approach, where the static and dynamic equilibria are determined simultaneously. A common issue for both approaches is the variability in the static tangential contact forces, when the Coulomb friction model is used, that can result in multiple static equilibria and in multiple vibration levels. In this paper, the two approaches are used to determine the variability in the response levels of blades with UPDs and results are compared and discussed. Due to the large computation times associated with optimization algorithms implemented to compute the response limits, lumped parameter models are used; nevertheless, the main findings of the paper can be considered general. In particular, results show that the uncoupled approach systematically overestimates the uncertainty with respect to the coupled approach and that UPDs geometry affects the range of variability of the response.
Suture Odometry: A Novel Hardware-Independent Method for Precise Medical Capsule Localization in the Gastrointestinal Tract
Authors: Taylor Luke , Hirst Gregory , Terry Benjamin 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Precise localization of ingestible medical capsules within the gastrointestinal (GI) tract is crucial for optimal diagnosis and treatment of GI diseases, yet current methods struggle with accuracy and reliability due to signal interference through tissue, shifting anatomical reference frames, and dependency on external hardware. While existing approaches like electromagnetic tracking, magnetic sensing, and optical methods can approximate general capsule position, they cannot provide continuous, precise distance measurements through the tortuous GI environment. This paper presents a novel suture odometry system that enables accurate, hardware-independent capsule localization by measuring the unwinding of a dissolvable suture thread from an internal spool as the capsule traverses the GI tract, with the suture anchored in the stomach serving as a fixed reference point. The system was extensively validated in both simulated environments and freshly excised porcine intestines, demonstrating an average localization accuracy of 7.78 cm and precision of 8.24 cm over 9 meters of intestine—performance that notably exceeds existing methods while remaining robust through intestinal bends, retrograde flow, and varying tissue conditions. The device maintains Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved capsule dimensions and can be integrated into various therapeutic and diagnostic capsule designs, operating independent of external hardware or complex signal processing. This technology represents a significant advance in medical capsule localization, enabling more precise targeted therapy and diagnostic capabilities throughout the GI tract while offering a simple, reliable solution that could be readily incorporated into existing capsule designs.
Applicability of Nonuniformly Varying the Fin Density of Tandem Finned Cylinders as a Viable Vortex and Noise Suppression Technique
Authors: Alziadeh Mohammed , Mohany Atef 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This study investigates the use of nonuniform finned tubes in tandem arrangements with different spacing-to-average equivalent diameter ratios (L/Deq(avg)) to suppress flow-induced acoustic resonance. Particle image velocimetry (PIV) was used to visualize vortex development in the wake before and during acoustic resonance, while acoustic pressure measurements characterized the aeroacoustic response. Nonuniform finned tubes were found to weaken the vortex shedding process and reduce the sound pressure level (SPL) by 68% and 50% during flow-induced acoustic resonance at L/Deq(avg)=2.0 and 2.5, respectively. However, nonuniform finned tubes do not inhibit the instability of the shear layers within the gap, making them susceptible to acoustic resonance where the shear layer instability is the source of excitation. During acoustic resonance associated with the shear layer instability, highly discrete and well-organized vortex cores form in the gap and wake of both uniform and nonuniform finned tubes, producing similar SPLs to those generated by uniform finned tubes. The findings of this study indicate that varying the fin density along the cylinders can potentially be used to suppress acoustic resonance excitation in normal triangle and rotated square tube arrays where vortex shedding is the main source of excitation at L/Deq(avg)≤2.5.
Hydrogen Leakage Risks and Mitigation Measures in Large Underground Garages
Authors: Zhang Jiayu , Lyu Xuefeng , Wang Lin , Zhang Shucheng , Li Xichen 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, characterized by zero emissions, pollution-free operation, and high efficiency, have emerged as a key focus in the development of the global automotive industry. The operating pressure for onboard hydrogen storage tanks commonly ranges from 30 to 70 MPa. Due to hydrogen's wide combustion and explosion concentration range and its exceptionally rapid combustion rate, there is a high risk of explosions and other accidents once equipment failure happens during storage and transportation. The research presented in this paper focuses on the analysis of hydrogen leakage from storage tanks in an underground garage using fluent simulations. The findings reveal that released hydrogen forms a jet from the storage tank under high pressure, dispersing along the ceiling upon reaching it and accumulating at the edges and corners. Moreover, larger leakage ports on the storage tank result in a greater mass flow of hydrogen, leading to an expanded diffusion range of the hydrogen cloud and decreased local concentration. To mitigate the risk of hydrogen combustion and explosion within the garage, this study introduces 16 extraction vents on the garage ceiling and six natural vents on its sides. The validation of the proposed hydrogen risk mitigation measures demonstrates their effectiveness in reducing the concentration and range of flammable clouds within the garage, especially when dealing with larger leakage ports.
Modeling High-Pressure Hydrogen Gas Leakages With Graph Neural Networks
Authors: Cerbarano Davide , Tieghi Lorenzo , Delibra Giovanni , Minotti Stefano , Corsini Alessandro 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The introduction of hydrogen–methane blends as fuel in gas turbines raises concerns on the capability of state-of-art ventilation systems to dilute possible fuel leaks in the enclosures. Traditional numerical methods to perform leak analysis are limited by the number of factors involved, i.e., location and direction of the leak, cross section area, gas pressure in the pipelines, gas composition, and location of external objects. Hence, this raises the need for novel and fast tools capable for the accurate prediction of fuel dispersion in leak scenarios. To this extent, we propose a novel machine learning approach to model gas leaks. The model is trained on a dataset of numerical simulations accounting for several hydrogen/methane concentrations in the fuel, different storage to ambient pressure ratios at the leak section, and a set of cross-flow ventilation velocities. The architecture of the machine learning model is based on graph neural networks, to solve a node-level regression task predicting fuel concentration in space for different high-pressure leak scenarios. The model shows a significant speed up in predicting fuel dispersion with respect to conventional methodology (0.1 s vs 3.5 h) but the GPU memory requirements proved to be a problem when dealing with 3D domains.
Full-Scale Testing of Corrosion Resistant Alloy-Mechanically Lined Pipes for Submarine Pipelines
Authors: Reda Ahmed , Kaspary Tiago , Montague Paul , Shahin Mohamed A. , Meneze Eduardo 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This study evaluates the fatigue performance of corrosion-resistant alloy (CRA)-mechanically lined pipes, focusing on the critical triple point, where the CRA liner, weld overlay, and backing steel pipe intersect. Through full-scale bending tests and full-scale resonance fatigue tests, real-world operational and installation conditions were simulated to assess fatigue resistance, particularly at the triple point—an area not adequately addressed in current industry standards. The results reveal that the triple point exhibits excellent fatigue performance, exceeding the criteria of existing guidelines, despite the lack of specific provisions for this critical region. This study provides valuable data to inform updates to industry standards, enhancing the safety and reliability of subsea pipeline operations.