bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Growth Plate Borderline Chondrocytes Behave as Transient Mesenchymal Precursor Cells
Authors: Mizuhashi Koji , Nagata Mizuki , Matsushita Yuki , Ono Wanida , Ono Noriaki 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACT
The growth plate provides a substantial source of mesenchymal cells in the endosteal marrow space during endochondral ossification. The current model postulates that a group of chondrocytes in the hypertrophic zone can escape from apoptosis and transform into cells that eventually become osteoblasts in an area beneath the growth plate. The growth plate is composed of cells with various morphologies; particularly at the periphery of the growth plate immediately adjacent to the perichondrium are “borderline” chondrocytes, which align perpendicularly to other chondrocytes. However, in vivo cell fates of these special chondrocytes have not been revealed. Here we show that borderline chondrocytes in growth plates behave as transient mesenchymal precursor cells for osteoblasts and marrow stromal cells. A single-cell RNA-seq analysis revealed subpopulations of Col2a1-creER-marked neonatal chondrocytes and their cell type–specific markers. A tamoxifen pulse to Pthrp-creER mice in the neonatal stage (before the resting zone was formed) preferentially marked borderline chondrocytes. Following the chase, these cells marched into the nascent marrow space, expanded in the metaphyseal marrow, and became Col(2.3 kb)-GFP+ osteoblasts and Cxcl12-GFPhigh reticular stromal “CAR” cells. Interestingly, these borderline chondrocyte-derived marrow cells were short-lived, as they were significantly reduced during adulthood. These findings demonstrate based on in vivo lineage-tracing experiments that borderline chondrocytes in the peripheral growth plate are a particularly important route for producing osteoblasts and marrow stromal cells in growing murine endochondral bones. A special microenvironment neighboring the osteogenic perichondrium might endow these chondrocytes with an enhanced potential to differentiate into marrow mesenchymal cells. © 2019 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Icariin promotes osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells and prevents bone loss in OVX mice via activating autophagy
Authors: Liang Xiaoxiao , Hou Zhiqiang , Xie Yuanlong , Yan Feifei , Li Sisi , Zhu Xiaobin , Cai Lin 
Published: March 2019

AbstractOsteoporosis (OP) results from the impaired function of endogenous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). Icariin (ICA) has shown potential osteoprotective effects. However, the molecular mechanism for the anabolic action of ICA remains largely unknown. The objective of the present study is to investigate whether ICA prevents bone loss by acting on BMSCs via affecting the level of autophagy after ovariectomy (OVX). The BMSCs were extracted from BALB/c mice treated with ICA, chloroquine (CQ, an autophagy inhibitor) or ICA + CQ. The OVX mice were injected with ICA, CQ, or ICA + CQ for 1 month. We performed Alizarin Red staining and alkaline phosphatase staining to detect osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. Micro‐CT, hematoxylin and eosin staining, Oil Red O staining, and tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase staining were used to assess the bone mass, lipid droplets and osteoclasts in femurs. Autophagy activity in BMSCs from different groups was evaluated by Western blot analysis. The osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs from OVX‐induced OP mice was decreased. Treatment with ICA reduced bone loss and formation of osteoclasts and increased osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs in vitro and vivo. In addition, autophagy was enhanced in BMSCs of OVX mice treated with ICA. Our results indicate that ICA prevents OVX‐induced bone loss possibly by strengthening the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs via increasing autophagic activity.
Identifying potential metastasis‐related long non‐coding RNAs, microRNAs, and message RNAs in the esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Yang Fei , Wen Shiwang , Zhang Yuefeng , Xu Yanzhao , Lv Huilai , Zhu Yonggang , Wang Mingbo , Su Peng , Huang Chao , Tian Ziqiang 
Published: March 2019

AbstractEsophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is the predominant form with the highest incidence. We aimed to find metastasis‐related differentially expressed long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs), and messenger RNA (mRNAs) in ESCC. We first obtained the lncRNAs, miRNAs, and mRNAs profiles. The differentially expressed lncRNAs, miRNAs, and mRNAs were obtained, followed by the functional annotation. Then the interaction networks of miRNA‐mRNA, lncRNA‐mRNA coexpression, lncRNA‐miRNA, and lncRNA‐miRNA‐mRNA were constructed. In addition, systematic expression pattern analysis of differentially expressed lncRNAs, miRNA, and mRNA in the normal, metastasis, and nonmetastasis was performed. Survivability of differentially expressed lncRNAs, miRNAs, and mRNA was analyzed. A total of 613 differentially expressed lncRNAs, 35 differentially expressed miRNAs, and 1586 differentially expressed mRNAs were obtained. Several interactions of H19‐hsa‐mir‐222‐chromobox 2 (CBX2), H19‐hsa‐mir‐330‐phosphoinositide‐3‐kinase regulatory subunit 4 (PIK3R4), KCNQ1 opposite strand/antisense transcript 1 (KCNQ1OT1)/CTB‐89H12.4‐hsa‐mir‐374a‐vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), MALAT1/X inactive specific transcript (XIST)/XIST antisense RNA (TSIX)‐hsa‐mir‐340‐tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 10A (NFRSF10A) were identified to play key roles in the metastasis of ESCC. In addition, KCNQ1OT1, TSIX, and XIST were significantly associated with the survival time of patients. In conclusion, our study may be helpful in understanding the pathological mechanism and providing new diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers for ESCC.
An interaction between BRG1 and histone modifying enzymes mediates lipopolysaccharide‐induced proinflammatory cytokines in vascular endothelial cells
Authors: Zhang Yuanyuan , Yuan Yibiao , Li Zilong , Chen Huan , Fang Mingming , Xiao Pingxi , Xu Yong 
Published: March 2019

AbstractVascular inflammation is the culprit for a host of human diseases. The underlying mechanism, however, is not definitively elucidated. In the present study, we investigated the interplay between different epigenetic factors during lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced synthesis of proinflammatory cytokines in cultured vascular endothelial cells. We report that in response to LPS treatment, NF‐κB was deplored to its target promoters along with the chromatin remodeling protein BRG1. Paralleling these changes trimethylated H3K9 became erased from while trimethylated H3K4 started to accumulate on the NF‐κB target promoters. Further analysis revealed that LPS stimulation resulted in sequential recruitment of the H3K9 tri‐demethylase JMJD2A and the H3K4 trimethyltransferase SET1A to the NF‐κB target promoters. JMJD2A mediated–H3K9 demethylation served as a prerequisite for SET1A to bind to the NF‐κB target promoters. Both JMJD2A and SET1A were essential for LPS‐induced transactivation of proinflammatory cytokines by sustaining the binding of NF‐κB. Of key importance, BRG1 coordinated the sequential recruit of and the interplay between JMJD2A and SET1A. In conclusion, our data unveil a novel epigenetic mechanism that contributes to LPS‐induced vascular inflammation.
Exogenous noggin binds the BMP‐2 receptor and induces alkaline phosphatase activity in osteoblasts
Authors: Hashimi Saeed M. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractOsteogenesis is an important process in bone remodeling and is under strict cellular signaling governed by growth factors and antagonists. Bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP‐2) is an important osteogenic factor involved in the transcription of key osteogenic genes such as alkaline phosphatase (ALP). While, antagonists such as noggin effectively restrict osteoblast differentiation through binding to BMP‐2. In this study, we sought to understand the effect of exogenous noggin in osteoblasts and its role in BMP‐2 activation of osteogenesis. Enzymatic activity of ALP was monitored to ascertain the effect of the noggin. Fluorescently labelled noggin was used to determine the binding of noggin to the BMP‐2 receptor. The results demonstrated that noggin significantly increases the activity of ALP at concentrations of 50 to 400 ng/mL. While, it inhibited the activity of exogenous BMP‐2. Furthermore, fluorescently labelled noggin showed strong binding to osteoblasts which were perturbed when cells were preincubated with BMP‐2 suggesting that noggin shares a common receptor with BMP‐2. These results suggest that exogenous noggin facilitates osteogenic differentiation and provide a novel mechanism for its interplay with BMP‐2.
Upregulated long noncoding RNA Linc00261 in pre‐eclampsia and its effect on trophoblast invasion and migration via regulating miR‐558/TIMP4 signaling pathway
Authors: Cheng Dan , Jiang Shan , Chen Jiao , Li Jie , Ao Liangfei , Zhang Ying 
Published: March 2019

AbstractPre‐eclampsia (PE) is a leading cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality but the exact underlying mechanisms of PE pathogenesis remain elusive. Accumulated data suggested that the long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles in the pathogenesis of PE. The present study identified the changes of lncRNA Linc00261 in PE and its effects on trophoblasts invasion and migration. Our results showed that the expression of Linc00261 was upregulated in placental tissues of PE women compared with those of healthy pregnant women. Overexpression of Linc00261 suppressed cell invasion and migration, induced cell apoptosis, and caused cell‐cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase of HTR‐8/SVneo cells; while knockdown of Linc00261 had the opposite effects on the HTR‐8/SVneo cells. Mechanistic studies showed Linc00261 functioned as a competing endogenous RNA for miR‐558 in HTR‐8/SVneo cells, and miR‐558 was negatively regulated by Linc00261. The expression level of miR‐558 in the PE group was significantly lower than the control group, and the expression level of Linc00261 was negatively correlated with the expression level of miR‐558 in the placental tissues of women with PE. Furthermore, miR‐558 was found to negatively regulate the expression of TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 4 (TIMP4) via targeting the 3′ untranslated region in the HTR‐8/SVneo cells. Overexpression of miR‐558 increased HTR‐8/SVneo cell invasion and migration, which was attenuated by TIMP4 overexpression. More importantly, both overexpression of miR‐558 and knockdown of TIMP4 partially reversed the suppressive effects of Linc00261 overexpression on cell invasion and migration of HTR‐8/SVneo cells. Collectively, our results for the first time showed the upregulation of Linc00261 in the placental tissues of severe PE patients. The mechanistic results indicated that Linc00261 exerted the suppressive effects on the trophoblast invasion and migration via targeting miR‐558/TIMP4 axis, which may involve in the pathogenesis of PE.
microRNAs: New prognostic, diagnostic, and therapeutic biomarkers in cervical cancer
Authors: Nahand Javid Sadri , Taghizadeh‐boroujeni Sima , Karimzadeh Mohammad , Borran Sarina , Pourhanifeh Mohammad Hossein , Moghoofei Mohsen , Bokharaei‐Salim Farah , Karampoor Sajad , Jafari Amir , Asemi Zatollah , Tbibzadeh Alireza , Namdar Afshin , Mirzaei Hamed 
Published: March 2019

AbstractCervical cancer is as a kind of cancer beginning from the cervix. Given that cervical cancer could be observed in women who infected with papillomavirus, regular oral contraceptives, and multiple pregnancies. Early detection of cervical cancer is one of the most important aspects of the therapy of this malignancy. Despite several efforts, finding and developing new biomarkers for cervical cancer diagnosis are required. Among various prognostic, diagnostic, and therapeutic biomarkers, miRNA have been emerged as powerful biomarkers for detection, treatment, and monitoring of response to therapy in cervical cancer. Here, we summarized various miRNAs as an employable platform for prognostic, diagnostic, and therapeutic biomarkers in the treatment of cervical cancer.
Hepatoprotective effect of Aloe vera against cartap‐ and malathion‐induced toxicity in Wistar rats
Authors: Gupta Vivek K. , Siddiqi Nikhat J. , Ojha Anil K. , Sharma Bechan 
Published: March 2019

AbstractExposure to mixture of pesticides in agricultural practices pose a serious threat to the nontarget animals. In present work, we have evaluated the synergistic effect of cartap and malathion on rat liver followed by impact of Aloe vera leaves aqueous extract, which is not known. The animals in eight groups were used; each containing six rats: Group 1 acted as a control, Group 2—control with
A. vera leaves aqueous extract, Group 3—with cartap, Group 4—with malathion, Group 5—with mixture of cartap and malathion, Group 6—cartap with the pretreatment of
A. vera leaf extract, Group 7—malathion with the pretreatment of
A. vera leaf extract, Group 8—mixture of cartap and malathion with the pretreatment of
A. vera leaf extract
. The animals treated for 15 days were killed after 24hr of last treatment. The biochemical studies in the rat liver demonstrated significant perturbations in the levels of nonenzymatic (glutathione and malondialdehyde) and enzymatic (superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione‐
S‐transferase) antioxidative indices. The histopathological examination of liver revealed serious congestion in central vein and the disorganization of hepatic cords due to pesticide treatment. The administration of
A. vera leaves aqueous extract was able to markedly protect rat liver from the pesticides‐induced toxicity. The data indicated that pesticides were able to significantly induce oxidative stress which was substantially reduced by the application of plant extract
.
Functions and roles of long noncoding RNA in cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Li Jinglin , Huang Lining , Li Zhenglong , Zhong Xiangyu , Tai Sheng , Jiang Xingming , Cui Yunfu 
Published: March 2019

AbstractCholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is one of the most fatal cancers in humans, with a gradually increasing incidence worldwide. The efficient diagnostic and therapeutic measures for CCA to reduce mortality are urgently needed. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) may provide the potential diagnostic and therapeutic option for suppressing the CCA development. LncRNAs are a type of non‐protein‐coding RNAs, which are larger than 200 nucleotides in length. Increasing evidence reveals that lncRNAs exhibit critical roles in the carcinogenesis and development of CCA. Deregulation of lncRNAs impacts the proliferation, migration, invasion, and antiapoptosis of CCA cells by multiple sophisticated mechanisms. Consequently, lncRNAs likely represent promising biomarkers or intervention targets of CCA. In this review, we summarize current studies regarding the biological functions and regulatory mechanisms of diverse lncRNAs in CCA.
Prognostic value of prognostic nutritional index and systemic immune‐inflammation index in patients with osteosarcoma
Authors: Huang Xin , Hu Hongzhi , Zhang Weiyue , Shao Zengwu 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between prognostic nutritional index (PNI) and systemic immune‐inflammation index (SII) and clinical features and prognosis of osteosarcoma patients. We retrospectively investigated 126 patients with surgery for osteosarcoma between 2012 and 2018 at our hospital. The preoperative PNI was calculated as albumin level (g/L) + 5 × total lymphocyte count (109/L). The SII was defined as platelet × neutrophil/lymphocyte counts. The optimal cut‐off values for PNI and SII were evaluated with receiver operating curve analysis. Clinical features and PNI and SII were tested with theχ2test. The effects of PNI and SII on overall survival (OS) was investigated by Kaplan–Meier method and Cox proportional hazards model. A low preoperative PNI was remarkably correlated with tumor size, Enneking stage, pathological fracture, local recurrence, metastasis, and neoadjuvant chemotherapy (p < 0.05). Whereas, a high SII was significantly associated with tumor size, histological type, Enneking stage, and neoadjuvant chemotherapy (p < 0.05). There was a significant negative relationship between the PNI and SII (r = 0.384;p < 0.001). For univariate analyses, the results revealed that tumor size, local recurrence, metastasis, PNI, and SII were predictors of OS (p < 0.05). In multivariate analyses, local recurrence (p = 0.010), metastasis (p < 0.001), PNI (p < 0.001), and SII (p = 0.029) as independent prognostic factors were significantly correlated with OS. This study suggested that PNI and SII could be important prognostic parameters for patients with osteosarcoma.
Genetics professionals’ attitudes toward prenatal exome sequencing
Authors: Brew Casey E. , Castro Brian A. , Pan Vivian , Hart Alexa , Blumberg Bruce , Wicklund Catherine 
Published: March 2019

AbstractPrenatal exome sequencing (ES) currently has limited use in the clinical setting, but research suggests that it has added diagnostic utility over karyotyping and array techniques for prenatal diagnosis of fetuses presenting with ultrasound abnormalities. The purpose of this study was to assess the attitudes of genetics professionals toward the clinical implementation of prenatal ES in order to guide development of professional guidelines. A survey was developed using themes identified in previous qualitative studies and was distributed to members of the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG), the American Society of Human Genetics (ASHG), and the National Society of Genetic Counselors (NSGC).A total of 498 participants completed some portion of the survey. There was consensus among participants that there would be clinical utility of prenatal ES when used for diagnosis, pregnancy management, and termination decisions. The majority also agreed that prenatal ES was distinct from its current use in the pediatric and adult settings. There were many areas of contention regarding which types of results should be returned to families and whether or not the current ACMG guidelines for return of incidental findings should also apply to the prenatal setting. Overall, professional guidance is needed to address the continuing concerns surrounding prenatal ES as its utilization in this setting is expected to grow.
Microwave‐Assisted Solvent‐Free Synthesis of Ipsapirone
Authors: Kułaga Damian , Jaśkowska Jolanta , Jasiński Radomir 
Published: March 2019

The currently applied synthetic methods of serotonin receptor ligands belonging to the group of long‐chain arylpiperazines, including ipsapirone, require the use of toxic solvents and comprise numerous synthetic steps. Moreover, the reaction yield does not exceed 60% in the majority of cases. These factors lead to an increased energy consumption and negatively impact the environment. This paper describes a more environmentally friendly method of ipsapirone synthesis that we decided to use. Ipsapirone was obtained in two different methods. The first method involved N‐alkylation of bromobutyl saccharin with 1‐(2‐pyrimidyl)piperazine dihydrochloride, while the second was a one‐pot method. Neither of these requires the use of toxic and expensive solvents. A shortened synthesis time, not exceeding 10 min due to the use of microwave radiation, is also another advantage of these methods. The yield of the final product, ipsapirone, was 85% and 67% in the first and the second method, respectively. We also attempted to obtain ipsapirone using saccharin and arylpiperazine salt (method III) as starting materials, but to no avail in the tested conditions. As described herein, the green chemistry method for ipsapirone synthesis is rapid, cost‐effective, and environment friendly.
Remittances and Asset Accumulation in Bangladesh: A Study Using Generalised Propensity Score
Authors: Chowdhury Mehdi , Radicic Dragana 
Published: March 2019

AbstractDrawing on a sample of households in Bangladesh, we utilise the generalised propensity score method to investigate the impact of internal and international remittances on households' net assets. The analysis suggests an inverted U‐shaped relationship between the amount of internal remittances and the net assets of households. The effect of international remittances on net assets is similarly inverted U‐shaped. The paper also indicates not only the source but also the size of remittances effects of the utilisation of remittances for asset accumulation. © 2019 The Authors Journal of International Development Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Orientation and location of the finite helical axis of the equine forelimb joints
Authors: Kaashoek Mariëlle , Hobbs Sarah Jane , Clayton Hilary Mary , Aerts Peter , Nauwelaerts Sandra 
Published: March 2019

AbstractTo reduce anatomically unrealistic limb postures in a virtual musculoskeletal model of a horse's forelimb, accurate knowledge on forelimb joint constraints is essential. The aim of this cadaver study is to report all orientation and position changes of the finite helical axes (FHA) as a function of joint angle for different equine forelimb joints. Five horse cadaver forelimbs with standardized cuts at the midlevel of each segment were used. Bone pins with reflective marker triads were drilled into the forelimb bones. Unless joint angles were anatomically coupled, each joint was manually moved independently in all three rotational degrees of freedom (flexion–extension, abduction–adduction, internal–external rotation). The 3D coordinates of the marker triads were recorded using a six infra‐red camera system. The FHA and its orientational and positional properties were calculated and expressed against joint angle over the entire range of motion using a finite helical axis method. When coupled, joint angles and FHA were expressed in function of flexion–extension angle. Flexion–extension movement was substantial in all forelimb joints, the shoulder allowed additional considerable motion in all three rotational degrees of freedoms. The position of the FHA was constant in the fetlock and elbow and a constant orientation of the FHA was found in the shoulder. Orientation and position changes of the FHA over the entire range of motion were observed in the carpus and the interphalangeal joints. We report FHA position and orientation changes as a function of flexion–extension angle to allow for inclusion in a musculoskeletal model of a horse to minimize calculation errors caused by incorrect location of the FHA.
Xeno‐free culture for generation of forebrain oligodendrocyte precursor cells from human pluripotent stem cells
Authors: Hermanto Yulius , Maki Takakuni , Takagi Yasushi , Miyamoto Susumu , Takahashi Jun 
Published: March 2019

AbstractOligodendrocytes (OLs) show heterogeneous properties that depend on their location in the central nervous system (CNS). In this regard, the investigation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) derived from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) should be reconsidered, particularly in cases of brain‐predominant disorders for which brain‐derived OPCs are more appropriate than spinal cord‐derived OPCs. Furthermore, animal‐derived components are responsible for culture variability in the derivation and complicate clinical translation. In the present study, we established a xeno‐free system to induce forebrain OPCs from hPSCs. We induced human forebrain neural stem cells (NSCs) on Laminin 511‐E8 and directed the differentiation to the developmental pathway for forebrain OLs with SHH and FGF signaling. OPCs were characterized by the expression of OLIG2, NKX2.2, SOX10, and PDGFRA, and subsequent maturation into O4+ cells. In vitro characterization showed that >85% of the forebrain OPCs (O4+) underwent maturation into OLs (MBP+) 3 weeks after mitogen removal. Upon intracranial transplantation, the OPCs survived, dispersed in the corpus callosum, and matured into (GSTπ+) OLs in the host brains 3 months after transplantation. These findings suggest our xeno‐free induction of forebrain OPCs from hPSCs could accelerate clinical translation for brain‐specific disorders.