bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Teams in a Digital Game Environment
Authors: Mayer Igor 
Published: April 2018

Background. Despite the increasing pervasiveness of digital entertainment and serious games in organisational life, there is little evidence for the validity of game-based team training and assessment. Aim. The authors used the game, TEAMUP for a series of team training and assessment sessions, while at the same time researching the internal validity of the game for this purpose. Method. A total of 106 sets of data on games played by teams of professionals (police officers, auditors, consultants, etc.) and undergraduates and postgraduates (in aerospace engineering, entrepreneurship, etc.) were gathered for analysis through pre- and post-game questionnaires focusing on constructs for team quality, such as psychological safety and team cohesiveness. In addition, a large quantity of such data as time to complete task, distance and avoidable mistakes were logged to measure in-game team performance. Correlation and regression analyses were conducted to find relationships between team structure factors, team quality constructs and in-game performance measures. Results. The main finding is that the in-game performance measure ‘avoidable mistakes’ (a proxy for task quality) correlates markedly and pervasively with ‘team cohesiveness’. More important, the findings support the premise that in-game assessment can be internally valid for team research and assessment purposes.
Evidence of Clostridium perfringens epsilon toxin associated with multiple sclerosis
Authors: Wagley Sariqa , Bokori-Brown Monika , Morcrette Helen , Malaspina Andrea , D’Arcy Caroline , Gnanapavan Sharmilee , Lewis Nicholas , Popoff Michel R , Raciborska Dominika , Nicholas Richard , Turner Ben , Titball Richard W 
Published: April 2018

Background: It was recently reported that, using Western blotting, some multiple sclerosis (MS) patients in the United States had antibodies against epsilon toxin (Etx) from Clostridium perfringens, suggesting that the toxin may play a role in the disease. Objective: We investigated for serum antibodies against Etx in UK patients with clinically definite multiple sclerosis (CDMS) or presenting with clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) or optic neuritis (ON) and in age- and gender-matched controls. Methods: We tested sera from CDMS, CIS or ON patients or controls by Western blotting. We also tested CDMS sera for reactivity with linear overlapping peptides spanning the amino acid sequence (Pepscan) of Etx. Results: Using Western blotting, 24% of sera in the combined CDMS, CIS and ON groups ( n = 125) reacted with Etx. In the control group ( n = 125), 10% of the samples reacted. Using Pepscan, 33% of sera tested reacted with at least one peptide, whereas in the control group only 16% of sera reacted. Out of 61 samples, 21 (43%) were positive to one or other testing methodology. Three samples were positive by Western blotting and Pepscan. Conclusion: Our results broadly support the previous findings and the role of Etx in the aetiology of MS warrants further investigation.
Analyzing the Potential of Advanced Insulin Dosing Strategies in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: Results From a Hybrid In Silico Study
Authors: Reiterer Florian , Reiter Matthias , del Re Luigi , Bechmann Christensen Merete , Nørgaard Kirsten 
Published: April 2018

Background: The ongoing improvement of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) sensors and of insulin pumps are paving the way for a fast implementation of artificial pancreas (AP) for type 1 diabetes (T1D) patients. The case for type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients is less obvious since usually some residual beta cell function allows for simpler therapy approaches, and even multiple daily injections (MDI) therapy is not very widespread. However, the number of insulin dependent T2D patients is vastly increasing and therefore a need for understanding chances and challenges of an automated insulin therapy arises. Based on this background, this article analyzes conditions under which the use of more advanced therapeutic approaches, particularly AP, could bring a substantial improvement and should be considered as a viable therapy option. Method: Data of 14 insulin-treated T2D patients on MDI wearing a CGM device and deviation analysis methods were used to estimate the expected improvements in the clinical outcome by using self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) with advanced carbohydrate counting, a full AP or intermediate approaches, either CGM measurements with MDI therapy or SMBG with insulin pump. HbA1C and time in range (70-140 mg/dl, 70-180 mg/dl, respectively) were used as a performance measure. Outcome measures beyond glycemic control (eg, compliance, patient acceptance) have not been analyzed in this study. Results: AP has the potential to improve the condition of many poorly controlled insulin-treated T2D patients. However, as the interpatient variability is much higher than in T1D, a prescreening is recommended to select suitable patients. Conclusions: Clinical criteria need to be developed for inclusion/exclusion of T2D patients for AP related therapies.
Perceptions of Family Among Low-Income Patients With Diabetes in a Text-Based Mobile Health Intervention
Authors: Burner Elizabeth R. E. , Menchine Michael D. , Kubicek Katrina , Robles Marisela , Kagawa Singer Marjorie , Arora Sanjay 
Published: April 2018

Background: Diabetes disproportionately affects the US Latino population, due to socioeconomic pressures, genetics, reduced access to care and cultural practices. While efforts to improve self-care through interventions incorporating family are highly rated by Latinos, family can be both supportive and obstructive. To develop effective interventions, this role needs clarification. Methods: We conducted group interviews in Spanish and English with 24 participants with diabetes from a mobile health diabetes self-care intervention. We imported transcripts into Dedoose, a qualitative computer analysis program and analyzed them with a modified grounded theory technique. Utilizing an iterative process, we reexamined transcripts with new codes derived in each round of analysis until saturation was reached. We employed techniques to improve trustworthiness (co-coding, member checking). Broad categorical themes arose from the initial codes and were developed into a conceptual model of barriers to and strategies for diabetes management. Results: Family and family responsibilities emerged as both a supportive and obstructive force for diabetes self-care. While the desire to care for family motivated patients, food at family gatherings and pressure from managing multiple family responsibilities contributed to poor diet choices. Yet, some patients believed their diabetes caused their immediate family to make healthier choices. Conclusions: Among these predominantly Latino patients, family and family responsibilities were key motivators as well as obstacles to self-care, particularly regarding nutrition. Finding the ideal design for social support mHealth-based interventions will require careful study and creation of culturally based programs to match the needs of specific populations, and may require educating family members to provide effective social support.
Menstrual Dysfunction in Girls From the Treatment Options for Type 2 Diabetes in Adolescents and Youth (TODAY) Study
Authors: Kelsey Megan M , Braffett Barbara H , Geffner Mitchell E , Levitsky Lynne L , Caprio Sonia , McKay Siripoom V , Shah Rachana , Sprague Jennifer E , Arslanian Silva A ,   TODAY Study Group
Published: April 2018

Abstract

Context
Little is known about reproductive function in girls with youth-onset type 2 diabetes.

Objectives
To characterize girls with irregular menses and effects of glycemic treatments on menses and sex steroids in the Treatment Options for Type 2 Diabetes in Youth (TODAY) study.

Design
Differences in demographic, metabolic, and hormonal characteristics between regular- vs irregular-menses groups were tested; treatment group (metformin with or without rosiglitazone, metformin plus lifestyle) effect on menses and sex steroids over time in the study was assessed. This is a secondary analysis of TODAY data.

Setting
Multicenter study in an academic setting.

Patients
TODAY girls not receiving hormonal contraception and those at least 1-year postmenarche were included. Irregular menses was defined as three or fewer periods in the prior 6 months.

Results
Of eligible participants with serum measurement of sex steroids (n = 190; mean age, 14 years), 21% had irregular menses. Those with irregular vs regular menses had higher body mass index (BMI) (P = 0.001), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (P = 0.001), free androgen index (P = 0.0003), and total testosterone (P = 0.01) and lower sex hormone–binding globulin (SHBG) (P = 0.004) and estradiol (P = 0.01). Differences remained after adjustment for BMI. There was no treatment group effect on menses or sex steroids at 12 or 24 months, and no association of sex steroids was seen with measures of insulin sensitivity or secretion.

Conclusions
Menstrual dysfunction is common in girls with recently diagnosed type 2 diabetes and associated with alterations in sex steroids, SHBG, and AST but not with alteration in insulin sensitivity or β-cell function and did not improve with 2 years of antihyperglycemic treatment.
Effect of Lengths of Substituents in Imidazolium Groups on the Preparation of Imidazolium-Salt-Type Ionic Liquids Containing Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane Structures
Authors: Maeda Daisuke , Ishii Takuhiro , Kaneko Yoshiro 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Hydrolytic condensation of organotriethoxysilanes containing imidazolium groups [(CH3CH2O)3Si(CH2)3(C3H3N2)R] with substituents of different lengths (i.e., R = -(CH2)3CH3, -(CH2)2CH3, -CH2CH3, -CH3, and -H) was performed using the superacid bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (HNTf2) as a catalyst in a water/methanol (1:19, v/v) mixed solvent. When R was -(CH2)3CH3, -(CH2)2CH3, or -H, room temperature ionic liquids (RT-ILs) containing polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) structures (BuIm-POSS-IL, PrIm-POSS-IL, and HIm-POSS-IL) were successfully prepared. The glass-transition temperatures (Tgs) of these ILs were −33.2 °C, −31.8 °C, and −14.4 °C, respectively, and they presented no melting temperatures (Tms), indicating that they are amorphous compounds. In addition, their fluidities were visually observed above 5 °C, 10 °C, and 30 °C, respectively. Conversely, although EtIm-POSS-IL, which is prepared from (CH3CH2O)3Si(CH2)3(C3H3N2)CH2CH3, took more than two weeks to crystallize, it is a crystalline compound. The crystallized EtIm-POSS-IL exhibited a Tm of 59.0 °C, a Tg of −32.6 °C, and a flow temperature of ca. 60 °C. Furthermore, MeIm-POSS-IL prepared from (CH3CH2O)3Si(CH2)3(C3H3N2)CH3 in our previous study is a crystalline POSS with a Tm of 106 °C and a flow temperature of ca. 100 °C. Based on the above results, when R is a long alkyl chain or H, RT-ILs containing POSSs with amorphous structures can be prepared. In addition, these ILs exhibit high pyrolysis temperatures (&gt;420 °C).
Detecting proliferation of adult hemocytes in Drosophila by BrdU incorporation
Authors: Ghosh Saikat , Mandal Sudip , Mandal Lolitika 
Published: April 2018

Drosophila and mammalian hematopoiesis share several similarities that ranges from phases to the battery of transcription factors and signaling molecules that execute this process. These resounding similarities along with the rich genetic tools available in fruitfly makes it a popular invertebrate model to study blood cell development both during normal and aberrant conditions. The larval system is the most extensively studied to date. Several studies have shown that these hemocytes just like mammalian counterpart proliferate and get routinely regenerated upon infection. However, employing the same protocol it was concluded that blood cell proliferation although abundant in larval stages is absent in adult fruitfly. The current protocol describes the strategies that can be employed to document the hemocyte proliferation in adulthood. The fact that a subset of blood cells tucked away in the hematopoietic hub are not locked in senescence, rather they still harbour the proliferative capacity to tide over challenges was successfully demonstrated by this method. Although we have adopted bacterial infection as a bait to evoke this proliferative capacity of the hemocytes, we envision that it can also efficiently characterize the proliferative responses of hemocytes in tumorigenic conditions as well as scenarios of environmental and metabolic stresses during adulthood.
Struktur Komunitas Mikroartropoda Tanah di Lahan Pertanian Organik dan Anorganik di Desa Batur Kecamatan Getasan Salatiga
Authors: Husna Shifa Aulia , Hadi Mochamad , Rahadian Rully 
Published: April 2018

Soil microarthropods is a arthropods that have an important role in decomposing organic materials and soil nutrients. On the farmland there is organic materials content and soil nutrients that abundants enough, because the addition of manure as a source of energy in the ground. The research was conducted in August-October 2015 took place in the field of organic and inorganic farmland in the Batur Village, Getasan Sub-district, Salatiga. This study aimed to examine the soil microarthropods community structure in organic and inorganic farmland as well as the effect of chemical and physical environmental factors to community structure of soil microarthropods. The study was conducted with samples of soil sampling method (PCT) and extracted using Barlese Funnel Extractor. Statistically show that diversity of soil microarthropods between organic and inorganic farmland are not significantly different. There is found 28 taxa of soil microarthropods in organic farmland and 23 taxa in inorganic. The highest total individual density of the taxa are exist in the organic farmland (2260 individual/ m²). The highest abundance of soil microarthropods taxa in inorganic farmland are Carabidae (26,55%) dan Prostigmata (13,27%), while in inorganic farmland are Carabidae (17,24%) dan larva Coleoptera (13,79%). The evenness of soil microarthropods taxa in organic farmland are much low compared with inorganicfarmland, because there is a dominant taxa (Carabidae). There is an influence relation between the chemical and physical environmental factors including water content, porosity, nutrient, and organic materials with community structure of soil microarthropods. Key words:Community structure, Soil microarthropods, Organic and inorganic farmland
Kloning dan Sekuensing Gen Xilanase dengan Produk Gen Berukuran 30 kDa dari Bacillus halodurans CM1 pada Escherichia coli DH5α
Authors: Safirah Dearesty , Helianti Is , Kusumaningrum Hermin Pancasakti , Budiharjo Anto 
Published: April 2018

The paper industry contributed the environment pollution due to chlor substances. Utilization of alkalothermophilic xylanase enzyme as a biocatalyst in the production of paper may become an environmentally friendly biobleaching alternative. Bacillus halodurans CM1 produces xilanase enzyme that had optimal activity at pH 9 and temperature 70°C. Previous study showed that this CM1 strains has several xilanase genes. The cloning of one of these alkalothermophiic xylanase (alkxyn) gene has been already conducted. This study aimed to clone alkxyn gene that encode alkalothermophilic xylanase enzyme from B. halodurans CM1 into Escherichia coli DH5α. Amplification of alkxyn has been carried out using primers for amplification xylanase 30 kDa. The alkxyn gene fragment was inserted into pGEM-T Easy vector and then transformed into E. coli DH5α. The results showed that the recombinant of E. coli DH5α harboring alkxyn gene from B. halodurans CM1 has been obtained. The sequences analysist based on BLAST showed that alkxyn fragment has homology (99%) with the alkaliphilic xylanase gene from Bacillus sp. 31 which encodes alkaliphilic xilanase (Genebank assession number: JF912895.1). Keywords: cloning, Bacillus halodurans CM1, xylanase, alkalothermophilic.
Kelimpahan dan Keanekaragaman Kupu-kupu di Kawasan Taman Nasional Gunung Merbabu, Jawa Tengah
Authors: Sari Dian Ratna , Hadi Mochamad , Rahadian Rully 
Published: April 2018

Butterflies are insects that have very important role in the ecosystem, they are as a pollinator of plants. Butterfly also can be used as a bio-indicator of environmental quality. This study aims to determine the species abundance and diversity of butterflies in the area of Merbabu Mountain National Park. This research was conducted in September and November 2016 in four habitat types, i.e., mixed forests, pine forests, mountain forests and streams. The study was conducted using a purposive sampling method. The data analysis used abundance index and diversity index. There are 454 individuals wich includes 61 species and 6 families. There are 11 dominant species of butterflies in Merbabu Mountain National Park, but only Ypthima pandocus that dominates in all the habitat that studied. Mycalesis moorei and Mycalesis sudra are dominant in all forest habitats and its not dominant in the habitat of the streams. Papilio peranthus and Parantica albata are dominant and only in mountain forest habitat. Diversity of butterflies in the area of Merbabu Mountain National Park can be categorized as moderate with the diversity index from 2,11 – 3,37. Key word: Butterflies, diversity, abundance, Merbabu Mountain National Park
Adsorpsi Alkil Benzena Sulfonat Menggunakan Zeolit Termodifikasi Cetyltrimethylammonium
Authors: Komariah Anis , Sriatun Sriatun , Pardoyo Pardoyo 
Published: April 2018

Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan modifikasi zeolit alam teraktivasi NH4Cl (H-Zeolit) dengan surfaktan CTAB (Cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide) berbagai konsentrasi yaitu sebesar 0,25 mM (ZMS-1), 1 mM (ZMS-2), dan 100 mM (ZMS-3) sebagai adsorben senyawa ABS (Alkil Benzena Sulfonat). Karakterisasi dilakukan terhadap H-Zeolit dan ZMS menggunakan spektrofotometer FTIR. Parameter utama dalam penelitian ini adalah variasi konsentrasi ABS (50, 75, dan 100 ppm) dan waktu kontak (15, 30, 45, 60, 75, dan 90 menit). Konsentrasi ABS yang teradsorpsi dianalisis dengan spektrofotometer UV-Vis menggunakan metode MBAS (Methylene Blue Active Substance). Hasil spektra FTIR zeolit alam termodifikasi surfaktan (ZMS) menunjukkan puncak pada bilangan gelombang 2931,80 cm-1; 2854,65 cm-1 dan 1404,18 cm-1 yang mengindikasikan keberadaan gugus CTAB pada zeolit. Konsentrasi maksimum dan waktu optimum ABS yang dapat dijerap oleh per 0,1 gram ZMS adalah 50 ppm dalam 25 mL pada waktu 60 menit dengan persen adsorpsi sebesar 84,04% untuk H-Zeolit ; 96,42% untuk ZMS-1; 96,48% untuk ZMS-2; dan 97,29% untuk ZMS-3. Performa ZMS cenderung meningkat dengan konsentrasi CTAB pada zeolit.
Sintesis Turunan Azomethin Sebagai Zat Aktif Inhibitor Korosi pada Logam Menggunakan Bahan Dasar Piperonal dan 2-Aminopiridin
Authors: Rachmawati Intan Endah , Ngadiwiyana Ngadiwiyana , Ismiyarto Ismiyarto 
Published: April 2018

Sintesis senyawa turunan azomethin dilakukan melalui reaksi kondensasi antara piperonal dan 2-aminopiridin dengan variasi pelarut toluen, benzen, etanol selama 3 jam. Karakterisasi produk sintesis melalui uji titik leleh dan diidentifikasi menggunakan spektroskopi UV-Vis, FTIR dan LC-MS. Dilakukan pengujian antikorosi pada logam besi untuk mengetahui aktivitas inhibitor korosi menggunakan metode weight loss. Identifikasi menggunakan spektroskopi UV-Vis muncul pada serapan 233 nm dan pada FTIR pada bilangan gelombang 1604,77 cm-1 yang merupakan gugus C=N, serta menggunakan LC-MS diketahui bahwa senyawa mempunyai berat molekul 226,26 gram/mol identik senyawa N-(benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-ylmethylene)pyridin-2-amine. Laju korosi senyawa turunan azomethin pada konsentrasi 1% sebesar 1,2 mg cm-2 hari -1 dengan perendaman selama 4 jam.
Does context really collapse in social media interaction?
Authors: Szabla Malgorzata , Blommaert Jan 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
‘Context collapse’ (CC) refers to the phenomenon widely debated in social media research, where various audiences convene around single communicative acts in new networked publics, causing confusion and anxiety among social media users. The notion of CC is a key one in the reimagination of social life as a consequence of the mediation technologies we associate with the Web 2.0. CC is undertheorized, and in this paper we intend not to rebuke it but to explore its limits. We do so by shifting the analytical focus from “online communication” in general to specific forms of social action performed, not by predefined “group” members, but by actors engaging in emerging kinds of sharedness based on existing norms of interaction. This approach is a radical choice for action rather than actor, reaching back to symbolic interactionism and beyond to Mead, Strauss and other interactionist sociologists, and inspired by contemporary linguistic ethnography and interactional sociolinguistics, notably the work of Rampton and the Goodwins. We apply this approach to an extraordinarily complex Facebook discussion among Polish people residing in The Netherlands – a set of data that could instantly be selected as a likely site for context collapse. We shall analyze fragments in detail, showing how, in spite of the complications intrinsic to such online, profoundly mediated and oddly ‘placed’ interaction events, participants appear capable of ‘normal’ modes of interaction and participant selection. In fact, the ‘networked publics’ rarely seem to occur in practice, and contexts do not collapse but expand continuously without causing major issues for contextualization. The analysis will offer a vocabulary and methodology for addressing the complexities of the largest new social space on earth: the space of online culture.
Die Kritik des Rechts und das Recht der Kritik
Authors: Menke Christoph 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe question of the critique of law is at the same time the question of the law – and the right – of critique. For law is itself the first institutionalized practice of critique: an apparatus of normative distinction. This raises the question of whether a critique of law is at all possible. For either the critique of law simply repeats the critique which is enacted by law; but then it is not a critique of law but rather its affirmation. Or it effectively rejects law and overcomes its practice of normative distinction; but then it is not acritiqueof law but something other than critique. The critique of law is trapped in an aporia. The paper first exposes and then explores a way of overcoming this aporia.
Geistlose Hirne und hirnlose Geister
Authors: Heinz Andreas 
Published: April 2018

AbstractMental disorders have been suggested to differ from somatic diseases because they lack an organic correlate. We show that this argument is both empirically wrong and theoretically irrelevant, because diseases are defined by functional impairments and not biological variation. Due to human diversity, a multitude of functions can be defined, and any selection of medically relevant functional impairments is necessarily value-based. We suggest that such values include individual survival and living in a shared world with others, and that their definition requires public debate and a critical reflection by Philosophical Anthropology. However, the presence of functional impairments that are generally relevant for human life and survival only fulfils the so-called disease criterion, which is necessary but not sufficient to diagnose a clinically relevant malady. This would only be justified if such functional impairments cause individual harm, either because they are accompanied by suffering (the illness criterion) or because they interfere with basic activities of daily living such as personal hygiene and food intake (the sickness criterion of a clinically relevant malady). We apply this theory to mental disorders, conclude that only a fraction of such “disorders” currently listed in international classifications of diseases are clinically relevant mental maladies, suggest focusing on the needs of persons with such maladies and recommend avoiding “pathologization” of human diversity.