bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The empirical identity process: Asymptotics and applications
Authors: Bibbona Enrico , Pistone Giovanni , Gasparini Mauro 
Published: December 2018

AbstractWhen sampling independent observations drawn from the uniform distribution on the unit interval, as the sample size gets large the asymptotic behaviour of both the empirical distribution function and empirical quantile function is well known. In this article we study analogous asymptotic results for the function that is obtained by composing the empirical quantile function with the empirical distribution function. Since the former is the generalized inverse of the latter, the result will approximate the identity function. We define a scaled and centered version of this function—the empirical identity process—and prove it converges to a highly irregular limit process whose trajectories are not right‐continuous and impossible to study using standard probability in metric spaces. However, when this process is integrated over time, and appropriately rescaled and centered, it becomes possible to define a functional limit theorem for it, which then converges to a randomly pinned Brownian motion. By applying these theoretical results, a new goodness‐of‐fit test is derived. We demonstrate that this test is very efficient when it is applied to data which come from a multimodal or mixture distribution, like the classic Old Faithful dataset. The Canadian Journal of Statistics 46: 656–672; 2018 © 2018 Société statistique du Canada
Rank theory approach to ridge, LASSO, preliminary test and Stein‐type estimators: A comparative study
Authors: Saleh A. K. Md. Ehsanes , Navrátil Radim , Norouzirad Mina 
Published: December 2018

AbstractIn the development of efficient predictive models, the key is to identify suitable predictors to establish a prediction model for a given linear or nonlinear model. This paper provides a comparative study of ridge regression, least absolute shrinkage and selector operator (LASSO), preliminary test (PTE) and Stein‐type estimators based on the theory of rank statistics. Under the orthonormal design matrix of a given linear model, we find that the rank‐based ridge estimator outperforms the usual rank estimator, restricted R‐estimator, rank‐based LASSO, PTE and Stein‐type R‐estimators uniformly. On the other hand, neither LASSO nor the usual R‐estimator, preliminary test and Stein‐type R‐estimators outperform the other. The region of dominance of LASSO over all the R‐estimators (except the ridge R‐estimator) is the sparsity‐dimensional interval around the origin of the parameter space. We observe that the L2‐risk of the restricted R‐estimator equals the lower bound on the L2‐risk of LASSO. Our conclusions are based on L2‐risk analysis and relative L2‐risk efficiencies with related tables and graphs. The Canadian Journal of Statistics 46: 690–704; 2018 © 2018 Société statistique du Canada
Association of acute myocardial infarction cardiac arrest patient volume and in‐hospital mortality in the United States: Insights from the National Cardiovascular Data Registry Acute Coronary Treatment And Intervention Outcomes Network Registry
Authors: Kontos Michael C. , Fordyce Christopher B. , Chen Anita Y. , Chiswell Karen , Enriquez Jonathan R. , de Lemos James , Roe Matthew T. 
Published: December 2018

BackgroundLittle is known about how differences in out of hospital cardiac arrest patient volume affect in‐hospital myocardial infarction (MI) mortality.HypothesisHospitals accepting cardiac arrest transfers will have increased hospital MI mortality.MethodsMI patients (ST elevation MI [STEMI] and non‐ST elevation MI [NSTEMI]) in the Acute Coronary Treatment Intervention Outcomes Network Registry were included. Hospital variation of cardiac arrest and temporal trend of the proportion of cardiac arrest MI patients were explored. Hospitals were divided into tertiles based on the proportion of cardiac arrest MI patients, and association between in‐hospital mortality and hospital tertiles of cardiac arrest was compared using logistic regression adjusting for case mix.ResultsA total of 252 882 patients from 224 hospitals were included, of whom 9682 (3.8%) had cardiac arrest (1.6% of NSTEMI and 7.5% of STEMI patients). The proportion of MI patients who had cardiac arrest admitted to each hospital was relatively low (median 3.7% [25th, 75th percentiles: 3.0%, 4.5%]).with a range of 4.2% to 12.4% in the high‐volume tertiles. Unadjusted in‐hospital mortality increased with tertile: low 3.8%, intermediate 4.6%, and high 4.7% (P < 0.001); this was no longer significantly different after adjustment (intermediate vs high tertile odds ratio (OR) = 1.02; 95% confidence interval [0.90‐1.16], low vs high tertile OR = 0.93 [0.83, 1.05]).ConclusionsThe proportion of MI patients who have cardiac arrest is low. In‐hospital mortality among all MI patients did not differ significantly between hospitals that had increased proportions of cardiac arrest MI patients. For most hospitals, overall MI mortality is unlikely to be adversely affected by treating cardiac arrest patients with MI.
CHA2DS2‐VASc score predicts atrial fibrillation recurrence after cardioversion: Systematic review and individual patient pooled meta‐analysis
Authors: Vitali Francesco , Serenelli Matteo , Airaksinen Juhani , Pavasini Rita , Tomaszuk‐Kazberuk Anna , Mlodawska Elzbieta , Jaakkola Samuli , Balla Cristina , Falsetti Lorenzo , Tarquinio Nicola , Ferrari Roberto , Squeri Angelo , Campo Gianluca , Bertini Matteo 
Published: December 2018

BackgroundDespite progresses in the treatment of the thromboembolic risk related to atrial fibrillation (AF), the management of recurrences remains a challenge.HypothesisTo assess if congestive heart failure or left ventricular systolic dysfunction (CHA2DS2‐VASc) score is predictive of early arrhythmia recurrence after AF cardioversion.MethodsSystematic review and individual patient pooled meta‐analysis following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta‐Analyses guidelines. Inclusion criteria: observational trials in patients with AF undergoing cardioversion, available data on recurrence of AF and available data on CHA2DS2‐VASc score. Clinical studies of interest were retrieved by PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Biomed Central. Seven authors were contacted for joining the patient level meta‐analysis, and three shared data regarding anthropometric measurements, risk factors, major comorbidities, and CHA2DS2‐VASc score. The primary outcome was the recurrence of AF after cardioversion in patients free from antiarrhythmic prophylaxis. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression was performed.ResultsOverall, we collect data of 2889 patients: 61% were male, 50% with hypertension, 12% with diabetes, and 23% with history of ischemic heart disease. The median CHA2DS2‐VASc score was 2.. At the multivariate analysis, chronic kidney disease (odds ratio [OR] 1.94; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.12‐3.27; P = 0.01), peripheral artery disease (OR 1.65; 95% CI 1.23‐2.19; P < 0,0001), previous use of beta blockers (OR 1.5; 95% CI 1.19‐1.88; P < 0.0001), and CHA2DS2‐VASc score > 2 (OR 1.37; 95% CI 1.1‐1.68; P = 0.002) were independent predictors of early recurrence of AF.ConclusionsCHA2DS2‐VASc score predicts early recurrence of AF in the first 30 days after electrical or pharmacological cardioversion.
Protocol registrationPROSPERO (CRD42017075107).
Predictive value of a fragmented QRS complex in diagnosing patients with myocardial ischemia
Authors: Cho H. J. , Yoon J. Y. , Kim N. , Jang S. Y. , Bae M. H. , Lee J. H. , Yang D. H. , Park H. S. , Cho Y. , Chae S. C. 
Published: December 2018

BackgroundA fragmented QRS complex (fQRS) is caused by conduction abnormalities of the ventricle secondary to myocardial ischemia and/or scar in patients with myocardial infarction. However, the implications of the fQRS in the development of coronary artery disease with myocardial ischemia in those without a scar remain unknown.MethodsWe studied electrocardiograms (ECGs) obtained from 150 patients (60.5 ± 8.5 years, 102 men) with myocardial ischemia, which was confirmed by performing both, a nuclear exercise stress test and coronary angiography. We also studied ECGs obtained from 601 patients (58.5 ± 10.0 years, 315 men) who showed a negative nuclear exercise stress test (control group). Patients in whom the nuclear exercise stress test showed a myocardial scar were excluded.ResultsAn fQRS was more commonly observed in patients with myocardial ischemia (n = 48, 32.0%) than in the control group (n = 133, 22.1%) (P = 0.011). The sensitivity, specificity, positive, and negative predictive values of fQRS in diagnosing myocardial ischemia were 32.0, 77.9, 26.5, and 82.1%, respectively. The fQRS (odds ratio 1.580, 95% confidence interval 1.020‐2.446, P = 0.040) was an independent predictor of myocardial ischemia after adjusting for age, sex, current smoking habits, ST‐T changes on ECG, as well as histories of hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia. Moreover, the fQRS showed an incremental prognostic value over conventional risk factors (χ2 = 5, P = 0.032) and over a combination of conventional factors and ST‐T changes (χ2 = 9, P = 0.014).ConclusionsThe fQRS is a moderately sensitive and independent predictor of myocardial ischemia.
Dynamic organelle localization and cytoskeletal reorganization during preimplantation mouse embryo development revealed by live imaging of genetically encoded fluorescent fusion proteins
Authors: Kiyonari Hiroshi , Kaneko Mari , Abe Takaya , Shioi Go , Aizawa Shinichi , Furuta Yasuhide , Fujimori Toshihiko 
Published: December 2018

SummaryLive imaging is one of the most powerful technologies for studying the behaviors of cells and molecules in living embryos. Previously, we established a series of reporter mouse lines in which specific organelles are labeled with various fluorescent proteins. In this study, we examined the localizations of fluorescent signals during preimplantation development of these mouse lines, as well as a newly established one, by time‐lapse imaging. Each organelle was specifically marked with fluorescent fusion proteins; fluorescent signals were clearly visible during the whole period of time‐lapse observation, and the expression of the reporters did not affect embryonic development. We found that some organelles dramatically change their sub‐cellular distributions during preimplantation stages. In addition, by crossing mouse lines carrying reporters of two distinct colors, we could simultaneously visualize two types of organelles. These results confirm that our reporter mouse lines can be valuable genetic tools for live imaging of embryonic development.
Estimating uncertainty in the volume and carbon storage of downed coarse woody debris
Authors: Campbell John L. , Green Mark B. , Yanai Ruth D. , Woodall Christopher W. , Fraver Shawn , Harmon Mark E. , Hatfield Mark A. , Barnett Charles J. , See Craig R. , Domke Grant M. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractDowned coarse woody debris, also known as coarse woody detritus or downed dead wood, is challenging to estimate for many reasons, including irregular shapes, multiple stages of decay, and the difficulty of identifying species. In addition, some properties are commonly not measured, such as wood density and carbon concentration. As a result, there have been few previous evaluations of uncertainty in estimates of downed coarse woody debris, which are necessary for analysis and interpretation of the data. To address this shortcoming, we quantified uncertainties in estimates of downed coarse woody debris volume and carbon storage using data collected from permanent forest inventory plots in the northeastern United States by the Forest Inventory and Analysis program of theUSDAForest Service. Quality assurance data collected from blind remeasurement audits were used to quantify error in diameter measurements, hollowness of logs, species identification, and decay class determination. Uncertainty estimates for density, collapse ratio, and carbon concentration were taken from the literature. Estimates of individual sources of uncertainty were combined using Monte Carlo methods. Volume estimates were more reliable than carbon storage, with an average 95% confidence interval of 15.9 m3/ha across the 79 plots evaluated, which was less than the mean of 31.2 m3/ha. Estimates of carbon storage (and mass) were more uncertain, due to poorly constrained estimates of the density of wood. For carbon storage, the average 95% confidence interval was 11.1 Mg C/ha, which was larger than the mean of 4.6 Mg C/ha. Accounting for the collapse of dead wood as it decomposes would improve estimates of both volume and carbon storage. On the other hand, our analyses suggest that consideration of the hollowness of downed coarse woody debris pieces could be eliminated in this region, with little effect. This study demonstrates how uncertainty analysis can be used to quantify confidence in estimates and to help identify where best to allocate resources to improve monitoring designs.
Implicit attitudes toward dieting and thinness distinguish fat‐phobic and non‐fat‐phobic anorexia nervosa from avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder in adolescents
Authors: Izquierdo Alyssa , Plessow Franziska , Becker Kendra R. , Mancuso Christopher J. , Slattery Meghan , Murray Helen B. , Hartmann Andrea S. , Misra Madhusmita , Lawson Elizabeth A. , Eddy Kamryn T. , Thomas Jennifer J. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractObjectiveThe majority of individuals with anorexia nervosa (AN) have a fat‐phobic (FP‐AN) presentation in which they explicitly endorse fear of weight gain, but a minority present as non‐fat‐phobic (NFP‐AN). Diagnostic criteria for avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) specifically exclude fear of weight gain. Differential diagnosis between NFP‐AN and ARFID can be challenging and explicit endorsements do not necessarily match internal beliefs.MethodNinety‐four adolescent females (39 FP‐AN, 13 NFP‐AN, 10 low‐weight ARFID, 32 healthy controls [HC]) completed implicit association tests (IATs) categorizing statements as pro‐dieting or non‐dieting and true or false (questionnaire‐based IAT), and images of female models as underweight or normal‐weight and words as positive or negative (picture‐based IAT). We used the Eating Disorder Examination to categorize FP‐ versus NFP‐AN presentations.ResultsIndividuals with FP‐AN and NFP‐AN demonstrated a stronger association between pro‐dieting and true statements, whereas those with ARFID and HCs demonstrated a stronger association between pro‐dieting and false statements. Furthermore, while all groups demonstrated a negative implicit association with underweight models, HC participants had a significantly stronger negative association than individuals with FP‐AN and NFP‐AN.DiscussionIndividuals with NFP‐AN exhibited a mixed pattern in which some of their implicit associations were consistent with their explicit endorsements, whereas others were not, possibly reflecting a minimizing response style on explicit measures. In contrast, individuals with ARFID demonstrated implicit associations consistent with explicit endorsements. Replication studies are needed to confirm whether the questionnaire‐based IAT is a promising method of differentiating between restrictive eating disorders that share similar clinical characteristics.
A study on classification algorithm of REM sleep behavior disorder
Authors: Kinoshita Fumiya , Takada Hiroki , Nakayama Meiho 
Published: December 2018

AbstractSleep disorders are modern diseases that have recently increased in prevalence. In particular, the rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (RBD) is well known. As a hallmark of the RBD, we can find the loss of skeletal muscle atonia during the REM sleep, which is called the REM sleep without atonia (RWA), in the polysomnography (PSG). Therefore, measurement of muscle activity is required for the diagnosis of RBD. Although close follow‐up of patients’ recovery process is required and several visual inspection methods have been developed for the PSG reading, clear diagnostic criteria for assessing RBD severity have not been established because of the complicated nature of the procedure. In this study, the author constructed automated algorithms based on the American Academy of Sleep Medicine Scoring Manual. The percentage ratio of RWA in the REM sleep period was calculated by the algorithms. The results evaluated by the automated algorithms were compared to the diagnosis by the visual inspection method. In addition, nonlinear discriminant analysis was employed to examine whether the healthy subjects group was significantly different from the group of suspected RBD patients. The author has succeeded in finding an automated algorithm to yield results that are not significantly different from those of visual inspection diagnosis.
Separation of carbohydrates on electrophoresis microchips with controlled electrolysis
Authors: Duarte‐Junior Gerson F. , Lobo‐Júnior Eulício O. , Medeiros Junior Íris , da Silva José A. Fracassi , do Lago Claudimir L. , Coltro Wendell K. T. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThis study reports the separation of fructose, galactose, glucose, lactose and sucrose on glass microchip electrophoresis (ME) devices using a microfluidic platform adapted with external reservoirs for controlling the electrolysis phenomenon. The connections between external reservoirs and microfluidic platform were performed by saline bridges created using silicone tubing filled with BGE. The separation conditions were optimized and the best results were achieved using a BGE containing 75 mmol/L NaOH and 15 mmol/L trisodium phosphate. Electrophoretic separations were monitored using a capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection system. The controlled electrolysis has successfully allowed the application of a higher voltage on the separation channel promoting the baseline separation of five carbohydrates within 180 s with great run‐to‐run repeatability (RSD < 1%). The achieved efficiencies ranged from 45 000 ± 6000 to 70 000 ± 3000 plates/m demonstrating a performance better than ME devices without controlled electrolysis. The proposed system offered good linearity from 1 to 10 mmol/L and LODs between 150 and 740 μmol/L. The use of external tubes for controlling the electrolysis phenomenon on ME devices has solved common problems associated to run‐to‐run repeatability and analytical reliability required for routine and quantitative analysis.
Frequent mutations of genes encoding vacuolar H+‐ATPase components in granular cell tumors
Authors: Sekimizu Masaya , Yoshida Akihiko , Mitani Sachiyo , Asano Naofumi , Hirata Makoto , Kubo Takashi , Yamazaki Fumito , Sakamoto Hiromi , Kato Mamoru , Makise Naohiro , Mori Taisuke , Yamazaki Naoya , Sekine Shigeki , Oda Ichiro , Watanabe Shun‐ichi , Hiraga Hiroaki , Yonemoto Tsukasa , Kawamoto Teruya , Naka Norifumi , Funauchi Yuki , Nishida Yoshihiro , Honoki Kanya , Kawano Hirotaka , Tsuchiya Hiroyuki , Kunisada Toshiyuki , Matsuda Koichi , Inagaki Katsunori , Kawai Akira , Ichikawa Hitoshi 
Published: December 2018

AbstractGranular cell tumors (GCTs) are rare mesenchymal tumors that exhibit a characteristic morphology and a finely granular cytoplasm. The genetic alterations responsible for GCT tumorigenesis had been unknown until recently, when loss‐of‐function mutations of ATP6AP1 and ATP6AP2 were described. Thus, we performed whole‐exome sequencing, RNA sequencing, and targeted sequencing of 51 GCT samples. From these genomic analyses, we identified mutations in genes encoding vacuolar H+‐ATPase (V‐ATPase) components, including ATP6AP1 and ATP6AP2, in 33 (65%) GCTs. ATP6AP1 and ATP6AP2 mutations were found in 23 (45%) and 2 (4%) samples, respectively, and all were truncating or splice site mutations. In addition, seven other genes encoding V‐ATPase components were also mutated, and three mutations in ATP6V0C occurred on the same amino acid (isoleucine 136). These V‐ATPase component gene mutations were mutually exclusive, with one exception. These results suggest that V‐ATPase function is impaired in GCTs not only by loss‐of‐function mutations of ATP6AP1 and ATP6AP2 but also through mutations of other subunits. Our findings provide additional support for the hypothesis that V‐ATPase dysfunction promotes GCT tumorigenesis.
Treatment outcomes with whole‐field versus split‐field intensity‐modulated radiotherapy for patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Lin Chun‐Shu , Chen Yuan‐Wu , Liu Shao‐Cheng , Tsao Chih‐Cheng , Lin Kuen‐Tze , Lee Steve P. , Fan Chao‐Yueh , Liu Ming‐Yueh , Shen Po‐Chien , Jen Yee‐Min 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of this study was to present our comparison of the clinical outcome of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) treated with whole‐field intensity‐modulated radiotherapy (whole‐field‐IMRT) or split‐field‐IMRT.MethodsWe retrospectively studied 388 patients with M0 NPC. The median lower neck doses were 50 Gy in 1.35 Gy/fractions for the 240 whole‐field‐IMRT patients, and 50.4 Gy in 1.8 to 2.0 Gy/fractions for the 148 split‐field‐IMRT patients.ResultsThe IMRT technique did not affect the overall survival (OS; P = .077) and locoregional control (P = .231) rates. However, the split‐field‐IMRT group had more locoregional recurrences at the whole neck (P = .005) but not at the nasopharynx (P = .968) or the lower neck (P = .485). The patients treated with split‐field‐IMRT (43.2%) had more grade III neck fibrosis than the patients who received whole‐field‐IMRT (18.3%; P < .001). Only 1 patient had temporal lobe necrosis in our study.ConclusionOur study shows that whole‐field‐IMRT using a lower dose/fraction for the lower neck results in at least comparable locoregional control and less fibrosis compared to conventional fraction with split‐field‐IMRT.
RING finger protein 10 attenuates vascular restenosis by inhibiting vascular smooth muscle cell hyperproliferation in vivo and vitro
Authors: Li Siyu , Yu Guiquan , Jing Fuyu , Chen Hui , Liu Aoyi , Luo Minghao , Huang Wei , Pu Peng , Chen Ming 
Published: December 2018

AbstractVascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) hyperproliferation is the main pathological process in various cardiovascular diseases, such as vascular restenosis. This process may be repressed by RING finger protein 10 (RNF10) in metabolic syndrome (MetS) rats. The aim of this study is to evaluate the inhibitory effects and molecular mechanisms of RNF10 on VSMC hyperproliferation. Neointimal hyperplasia in MetS and high‐glucose‐induced VSMC hyperproliferation were measured after infection with adenoviruses encoding RNF10 (Ad‐RNF10), short hairpin RNF10 (Ad‐shRNF10), or green fluorescent protein (Ad‐GFP). In vivo and in vitro, we found that overexpression of RNF10 significantly affected neointima formation and VSMC proliferation, and displayed further inhibitory activity by promoting mesenchyme homeobox 2 (Meox2) and suppressing activating protein 1 (AP‐1). In contrast, Ad‐shRNF10 had an opposite effect on neointimal hyperplasia and VSMC hyperproliferation in vivo and in vitro. Our study indicated that RNF10 inhibited the hyperproliferation with the activities of Meox2 and AP‐1 proteins. RNF10 may be a next drug target for treating vascular restenosis and other related cardiovascular diseases. © 2018 IUBMB Life, 71(5):632–642, 2019