bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MicroRNA‐193a‐5p exerts a tumor suppressor role in glioblastoma via modulating NOVA1
Authors: Jin Lingjiang , Li Huiyong , Wang Junyou , Lin Da , Yin Kang , Lin Ligang , Lin Zheng , Lin Gaojun , Wang Hui , Ying Xiaowei , Wang Lisong , Zhang Yongqiang , Teng Lingfang 
Published: October 2018

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesGlioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and lethal of intracranial tumors, which is characterized by extensive proliferation and the diffused invasion of tumor cells. MicroRNA‐193a‐5p (miR‐193a‐5p) have been demonstrated previously as a functional suppressor in the development and progression of various cancers. The current study aimed to investigate whether miR‐193a‐5p influences cell proliferation and migration through the mitogen‐activated protein kinase/extracellular signal‐regulated kinase signaling pathway by targeting neuro‐oncological ventral antigen 1 (NOVA1) in glioblastoma.Materials and MethodsThe miR‐193a‐5p expression was detected by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction assay in GBM tissues and cell lines. Cell Counting Kit‐8 assay, colony formation analysis, wound‐healing, and transwell invasion assays were performed to evaluate cell proliferation, colony formation, migration, and invasion, respectively. Western blot analysis and luciferase reporter gene assay were performed to verify the downstream target gene of miR‐193a‐5p.ResultsThe expression of miR‐193a‐5p was significantly downregulated in GBM tissues and cell lines. Kaplan‐Meier analysis showed that patients with low miR‐193a‐5p expression had a shorter disease‐free survival (P < 0.05). Functionally, miR‐193a‐5p overexpression dramatically suppressed the proliferation, colony formation, migration, and invasion in glioma cells. Bioinformatics prediction and a luciferase assay confirmed that NOVA1 was a direct functional target of miR‐193a‐5p. Moreover, ectopic expression of NOVA1 could partially reverse the inhibitory effects of miR‐193a‐5p on glioma cell proliferation, colony formation, migration, and invasion. NOVA1 overexpression abrogated the inhibitory effect of miR‐193a‐5p on the PTEN/PI3k/AKT pathway.ConclusionTaken together, our findings suggested that miR‐193a‐5p functions as a tumor suppressor in glioma cells by directly targeting NOVA1.
Identification of green energy ranunculaceous flora of district Chitral, Northern Pakistan using pollen features through scanning electron microscopy
Authors: Ahmad Manzoor , Zafar Muhammad , Sultana Shazia , Ahmad Mushtaq , Abbas Qamar , Ayoub Muhammad , Bahadur Saraj , Ullah Fazal 
Published: October 2018

AbstractPollen micro‐morphological features have proven to be helpful for the plant taxonomists in the identification and classification of plants. The utilization of this plantmayhelpfulin the areas of lignocellulosic conversion to biofuels and diversify application toward biomass. The current study was planned with the aim to evaluate the pollen features of complex Ranunculaceous flora of District Chitral, Northern Pakistan using both scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Light Microscope (LM) for their taxonomic importance. Pollens of 18 Ranunculaceous species belonging to 6 genera were collected from different localities of the research area. SEM and LM were used to examine both qualitative and quantitative micro‐morphological features. Sculptring of the sexine include; Scabrate, psilate, echinate, verrucate, perforate gemmate, and reticulate and so forth. Shape of the pollens was sub‐spheroidal, spheroidal, prolate, subprolate and oblate and so forth. Type of pollen was ranged from mono to tricolpate and tricolporate. Quantitative characters include length/width of the pollen, colpus, exine thickness, and P/E ratio. Based on these micro‐morphological features a taxonomic key was prepared for the fast and correct identification.Research highlight

Study of the pollen micro‐morphological features of Ranunculaceous species by SEM and LM.
Analysing both qualitative and quantitative characters of the pollens.
Preparation of taxonomic key based on micro‐morphological features for the correct and fast identification.
Al—Si ordering in albite: A combined single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy study
Authors: Tribaudino Mario , Gatta G. Diego , Aliatis Irene , Bersani Danilo , Lottici Pier Paolo 
Published: October 2018

AbstractRaman spectra of a low albite single crystal were collected during annealing at 1076°C for up to 46 days. At seven annealing stages, the single crystal structure was refined by X‐ray intensity data to determine the degree of Al—Si order using the tetrahedral bond distances. Single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction showed that residuals in the difference‐Fourier map of the electron density and atomic displacement parameters of Si, O, and, most, Na, increase with Al—Si disorder. The Raman spectra show a significant broadening with disorder, and some slight peak shift. Three strong peaks, at 290 cm−1 (νc), 478 cm−1 (νb), and 507 cm−1 (νa) in ordered albite, were examined in further detail. νc and νb show a red‐shift with broadening and Al—Si disorder; νa blue‐shifts with disorder and shows only a minor broadening. The broadening and shifts in Raman spectra are caused by structural deformation associated with Al—Si disorder. The νa peak at 507 cm−1 is the least affected by Al—Si disorder and is suitable to assess compositional changes in plagioclase. The Al—Si order can be determined in albite by the wavenumber difference Δab between the two main peaks νa and νb as follows:

urn:x-wiley:03770486:media:jrs5490:jrs5490-math-0001
where Qod is an order parameter derived from average tetrahedral Al—O and Si—O bond distances.
Chitosan‐glucose Maillard reaction products and their preservative effects on fresh grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) fillets during cold storage
Authors: Bakry Amr M , Ma Chang , Xiong Shanbai , Yin Tao , Zhang Binjia , Huang Qilin 
Published: October 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDA decreasing freshness occurrs in Ctenopharyngodon (C.) idellus during post‐mortem storage. In the present study, chitosan‐glucose Maillard reaction products (CG‐MRPs) were prepared by heating chitosan and glucose at different reaction temperatures and then used for preserving the freshness and quality of C. idellus fillets during cold storage (4 °C).RESULTSHigh temperature enhanced the chitosan‐glucose Maillard reaction and promoted the accumulation of melanoidins and intermediate compounds. The reducing power of CG‐MRPs increased with an increasing reaction temperature. CG‐MRPs inhibited the microbial growth rate and retarded the oxidation of proteins, lipids and nucleotides in C. idellus fillets by suppressing total bacterial count, total volatile basic nitrogen, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and K values during cold storage. Furthermore, CG‐MRPs prolonged shelf‐life. The fillets treated with the CG‐MRPs prepared at 120 °C showed an especially longer shelf‐life (7 days). The preservative effect of CG‐MRPs on fillets was the result of antibacterial components (melanoidins, reductone and furfural) in CG‐MRPs and a reducing power against the oxidative degradation of proteins, nucleotides and lipids in C. idellus fillets.CONCLUSIONThe present study demonstrates that, for C. idellus fillets, treatment with CG‐MRPs prepared at 120 °C for 40 min could be a feasible approach for maintaining the freshness of C. idellus fillets and prolonging shelf‐life during cold storage. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
High moisture extrusion of lupin protein: influence of extrusion parameters on extruder responses and product properties
Authors: Palanisamy Megala , Franke Knut , Berger Ralf G , Heinz Volker , Töpfl Stefan 
Published: October 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDHigh moisture extrusion (HME) of lupin protein concentrate and isolate (50:50) mixture was performed by varying the extrusion parameters, such as barrel temperature (138–180 °C), water feed (40–68%) and screw speed (400–1800 rpm). The effect of extrusion parameters on extruder responses [die pressure, product temperature, torque and specific mechanical energy (SME)] and product properties [colour, cutting force, cooking yield, microstructure and in vitro protein digestibility (IVPD)] was evaluated.RESULTSThe multiple regression analysis of the results revealed that the water feed had a significant negative linear effect on the extruder responses considered, as well as on colour difference and cutting force of extrudates. Screw speed had a positive linear effect on product temperature, SME and cooking yield. Barrel temperature affected extruder responses and product properties to a lesser extent. Scanning electron microscopy showed that denser microstructure and higher number of fibre layers were created by increasing temperature and screw speed along with decreasing water feed. The results of IVPD of selected extrudates showed that the increase in barrel temperature decreased the IVPD, whereas the increase in water feed resulted in higher IVPD. The screw speed had no significant effect on IVPD.CONCLUSIONThe study demonstrates that the use of lupin protein is feasible to produce meat analogues with HME which could enhance the possibilities to meet the growing protein demands for human consumption. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Chromatographic separation, determination and identification of ecdysteroids: Focus on Maral root (Rhaponticum carthamoides, Leuzea carthamoides)
Authors: Głazowska Joanna , Kamiński Marcin M. , Kamiński Marian 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe review presents general principles for choosing optimal conditions for ecdysteroid separation, identification, and isolation using HPLC/TLC techniques in RP, NP‐HILIC or NP modes. Analytics of ecdyteroids pose a still insufficiently resolved problem. Plant‐derived ecdysteroids are a point of interest of pharmaceutical industry and sport medicine due to their postulated adaptogenic and anabolic properties. In insects, ecdysteroids regulate larval transformation. Maral root (Rhaponticum carthamoides, Leuzea carthamoides), traditional Siberian folk‐medicine plant used as stimulant to boost overall health and fitness, is a particularly rich source of a wide variety of phytoecdysteroids. The similarity of molecular structures of ecdysteroids present in its extracts together with high content of unrelated compounds of similar chromatographic characteristics makes optimization of separation, identification and isolation of ecdysteroids a difficult analytical task. In that respect, two‐dimensional separations, two‐dimensional separations, 2D HPLC or 2D TLC, could be of use. For identification, the hyphenated techniques are particularly important. Thus, comprehensive overview of MS spectral parameters of ecdysteroids is provided. Described principles could easily be applied for separation of ecdysteroids in extracts from other sources. They are also useful for development of separation procedures for isolation of ecysteroids in preparative‐scale applications.
Substantia Nigra Swelling and Dentate Nucleus T2 Hyperintensity May Be Early Magnetic Resonance Imaging Signs of β‐Propeller Protein‐Associated Neurodegeneration
Authors: Russo Camilla , Ardissone Anna , Freri Elena , Gasperini Serena , Moscatelli Marco , Zorzi Giovanna , Panteghini Celeste , Castellotti Barbara , Garavaglia Barbara , Nardocci Nardo , Chiapparini Luisa 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACTBackground and MethodsMutations in WDR45 cause β‐propeller protein‐associated neurodegeneration (BPAN), a type of neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation (NBIA). We reviewed clinical and MRI findings in 4 patients with de novo WDR45 mutations.ResultsPsychomotor delay and movement disorders were present in all cases; early‐onset epileptic encephalopathy was present in 3. In all cases, first MRI showed: prominent bilateral SN enlargement, bilateral dentate nuclei T2‐hyperintensity, and corpus callosum thinning. Iron deposition in the SN and globus pallidus (GP) only became evident later. Diffuse cerebral atrophy was present in 3 cases.ConclusionsIn this series, SN swelling and dentate nucleus T2 hyperintensity were early signs of BPAN, later followed by progressive iron deposition in the SN and GP. When clinical suspicion is raised, MRI is crucial for identifying early features suggesting this type of NBIA.
Long‐term GPi‐DBS improves motor features in myoclonus‐dystonia and enhances social adjustment
Authors: Kosutzka Zuzana , Tisch Stephen , Bonnet Cecilia , Ruiz Marta , Hainque Elodie , Welter Marie‐Laure , Viallet Francois , Karachi Carine , Navarro Soledad , Jahanshahi Marjan , Rivaud‐Pechoux Sophie , Grabli David , Roze Emmanuel , Vidailhet Marie 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACTBackgroundGood short‐term results of pallidal deep brain stimulation have been reported in myoclonus‐dystonia. Efficacy and safety in the long term remain to be established. In addition, the actual impact of DBS treatment on social inclusion is unknown. The objective of this study was to assess the long‐term clinical outcome, quality of life, and social adjustment of GPi‐DBS in patients with ε‐sarcoglycan (DYT11)‐positive myoclonus‐dystonia.MethodsConsecutive myoclonus‐dystonia patients with ε‐sarcoglycan mutations who underwent GPi‐DBS were evaluated at least 5 years postoperatively. Motor symptoms were assessed using the Burke‐Fahn‐Marsden Dystonia Rating Scale including the Disability Scale, a composite score combining the rest and action parts of the Unified Myoclonus Rating Scale and modified Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale. Standardized video‐protocols were assessed by a blinded and external movement disorder specialist. Social adjustment, cognition, and mood were evaluated.ResultsNine patients (5 women) with long‐term GPi‐DBS (8.7 ± 3.1 years) were included. There was significant improvement in the composite myoclonus score (94.1% ± 4% improvement; P = 0.008). Dystonia severity was also markedly improved (71.4% ± 28.33% improvement; P = 0.008) as well as motor disability (88.3% ± 20% improvement; P = 0.008) and abnormal involuntary movement score (71.1% ± 15.0% improvement; P = 0.008). No patients experienced postoperative speech or gait problems or any permanent adverse effects. Eight of the 9 patients had fully enhanced social adjustment and personal achievement, with little or no mood or behavioral disorders.ConclusionsGPi‐DBS seems to be a safe and efficacious treatment for medically refractory ɛ‐sarcoglycan myoclonus‐dystonia, with sustained motor benefit, good quality of life, and social adjustment in long‐term follow‐up. © 2018 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Sulforaphane Normalizes Intestinal Flora and Enhances Gut Barrier in Mice with BBN‐Induced Bladder Cancer
Authors: He Canxia , Huang Lei , Lei Peng , Liu Xiaodong , Li Baolong , Shan Yujuan 
Published: October 2018

ScopeGut microbiota imbalance, inflammation, and gut barrier deficiency play an important role in carcinogenesis. Sulforaphane (SFN), an isothiocyanate found in cruciferous vegetables, has been proven to be highly effective in inhibiting cancer. The objective of this study is to investigate the potential roles of the gut microbiota in the inhibition of BBN‐induced bladder cancer by SFN.Methods and ResultsN‐butyl‐N‐(4‐hydroxybutyl)‐nitrosamine is used to induce bladder cancer in male C57BL/6 mice, with or without SFN for 23 weeks. SFN ameliorates the histological changes characteristic of bladder cancer, resulting in fewer submucosal capillaries. SFN normalizes gut microbiota dysbiosis in mice with BBN‐induced bladder cancer with a significant increase in Bacteroides fragilis and Clostridium cluster I. SFN also increases butyric acid levels in the mouse colon, and repairs the injury to the mucosal epithelium of the colon and cecum through the upregulation of the expression of tight junction proteins and GLP2. SFN greatly decreases the release of cytokines (IL‐6) and secretory immunoglobulin A in the mice with bladder cancer.ConclusionThese results suggest that SFN protects against chemical‐induced bladder cancer through normalizing the composition of gut microbiota and repairing the physiological destruction of the gut barrier, as well as decreasing inflammation and the immune response.
Solution dynamics of 5‐fluorouracil entrapped in poly lactic‐co‐glycolic acid (PLGA) microsphere—A study with 1D selective NMR methods
Authors: Kumar Deepak , Pal Samanwita 
Published: October 2018

AbstractIn this report, our main focus is to introduce a set of one‐dimensional (1D) NMR methods based on chemical shift, relaxation, and magnetization transfer, namely, NOE and chemical exchange involving selective pulse excitation to study the solution dynamics of drug in free and encapsulated state within polymeric microsphere. In this regard 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU) loaded poly lactic‐co‐glycolic acid (PLGA) microspheres are prepared as model system via standard water‐in‐oil‐in‐water emulsification method. One‐dimensional 1H and 19F nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra of 5‐FU in presence of PLGA microspheres presented a significant change in linewidth and relaxation rates compared with free 5‐FU confirming encapsulation. Furthermore, loss of coupling pattern in 1H and 19F NMR of PLGA encapsulated 5‐FU as compared with free 5‐FU suggests an enhanced –NH and –H2O protons exchange dynamics in the interior of the microsphere indicating hydrated microsphere cavity. Quantification of exchange dynamics in case of free and PLGA‐encapsulated 5‐FU was attempted employing 1D selective NOESY and 1D multiply selective inversion recovery experiments. Analysis of the exchange rates confirmed existence of more than one kind of water population within the cavity as mentioned in an earlier solid state NMR report.
Displacement analytical prediction of shallow tunnel based on unified displacement function under slope boundary
Authors: Kong Fanchao , Lu Dechun , Du Xiuli , Shen Chenpeng 
Published: October 2018

SummaryFor slope condition of ground surface, the asymmetrical deformation about the vertical center line and the horizontal center line of the tunnel cross section can be formed. A unified displacement function expressed by the Fourier series is presented to express the asymmetrical deformation of the tunnel cross section. Five basic deformation modes corresponding to the expansion order 2 are a complete deformation mode to reflect deformation behaviors of the tunnel cross section under slope boundary. Such this complete displacement mode is implemented into the complex variable solution for analytically predicting tunneling‐induced ground deformation under slope boundary. All of these analytical solutions are verified by good agreements of the comparison between the analytical solutions and finite element method results. A parameter study is carried out to investigate the influence of deformation modes of the tunnel cross section, geometrical conditions of the tunnel and the slope angle, and “Buoyancy effect” on the displacement field. Finally, the proposed method is consistent with measured data of the Hejie tunnel in China qualitatively. The presented solution can provide a simplified indication for evaluating the ground deformation under slope condition of ground surface.
Searching for “transformative moments”: A qualitative study of nurses’ work during home visits to COPD patients and their caregivers in Norway
Authors: Aasbø Gunvor , Kristvik Ellen , Nyheim Solbrække Kari , Werner Anne 
Published: October 2018

AbstractAimThe integration of families into healthcare services is being emphasized increasingly in healthcare polices. The aim of this study was to investigate how professionals during home visits support both patients and caregivers in accepting and accommodating to illness.DesignAn explorative qualitative design.MethodsParticipant observations from home visits (N = 20) of pulmonary ambulatory nurses to COPD patients in Norway, followed by interviews with these nurses.ResultsOur findings demonstrate the delicate nature of nurses’ work during home visits to COPD patients and their caregivers. They support both patients and caregivers in reconciling themselves with the negative consequences of illness, as well as giving legitimation to and potential room for, sustainable arrangements within the scope of the relationship. The nurses address significant issues, having transformative potential concerning attitudes and practices related to the management of illness and adjusting to a complex illness trajectory.
Investigation of irradiation dose rate on curing characteristics of carbon fiber/polymer composites by low‐energy electron beam
Authors: Zhang Jingjing , Duan Yugang , Ming Yueke , Wang Ben 
Published: October 2018

During in situ low‐energy electron beam (E‐Beam) curing for carbon fiber‐reinforced polymer composite, prepregs undergoes 3 sequenced curing processes, namely E‐Beam‐induced curing, postray curing after irradiation, and thermally induced curing. In this study, the irradiation dose rate (IDR) is demonstrated to be influential on the redistribution of the curing portions in the 3 curing stages and directly influences the interlaminar bonding quality of the stepwise cured laminates. Differential scanning calorimetry results showed that higher IDR resulted in higher temperature of irradiated prepregs, and hence, a higher degree of curing was induced by the E‐Beam within a dose range of 0 to 500 kGy as compared to lower IDRs, which decreased the interlaminar physical adhesive quality between layers. Analysis indicates that other than pure physical adhesion between uncured layers, postray curing can further enhance the interlaminar shear strength for cured laminates by introducing cross‐layer chemical bonding in the interlaminar zone.
Population Pharmacokinetics of Gentamicin in Neonates with Hypoxemic‐Ischemic Encephalopathy Receiving Controlled Hypothermia
Authors: Cies Jeffrey J. , Habib Thomas , Bains Vidhy , Young Megan , Menkiti Ogechukwu R. 
Published: October 2018

ObjectiveIdentify population pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamic target attainment of gentamicin in neonates with hypoxic‐ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) undergoing controlled hypothermia (CH).DesignProspective open‐label pharmacokinetic study. Gentamicin concentrations were modeled and dosing regimens simulated for a 5000‐patient neonatal population with HIE receiving CH using PMetrics, a nonparametric, pharmacometric modeling, and simulation package for R.SettingA 189‐bed children's tertiary care teaching hospital.ResultsTwelve patients, 5 (42%) females and 7 (58%) males, met inclusion criteria with a median gestation age of 39.9 weeks (interquartile range [IQR] 38.5–40.2 wks) and a median birthweight (BW) of 3.3 kg (IQR 3.1–3.7 kg). Gentamicin concentrations were best described by a two‐compartment model with first‐order elimination with BW as a covariate on volume of distribution (Vd). The mean total body population clearance (CL) was 2.2 ± 0.7 ml/minute/kg, and the volume of the central compartment was 0.44 ± 0.06 L/kg. The R2, bias, and precision for the observed versus population predicted model were 0.917, 1.15, and 10.9 μg/ml; the R2, bias, and precision for the observed versus individual predicted model were 0.982, −0.132, and 0.932 μg/ml, respectively. The calculated mean population estimate for the total Vd was 0.96 ± 0.4 L/kg. The dosing regimen that most consistently produced a maximum concentration (Cmax) in the range of 10–12 mg/L with a minimum concentration (Cmin) level less than 2 mg/L was 5 mg/kg/dose given every 36 hours.ConclusionThese data suggest the population pharmacokinetics of gentamicin in neonates with HIE receiving CH have an increase in gentamicin CL and are different from previous reports in neonates with HIE not receiving CH and/or neonates without HIE. This analysis suggests a dosing regimen of 5 mg/kg/dose every 36 hours results in a gentamicin Cmax within the range of 10–12 mg/L with a Cmin lower than 2 mg/L, which is appropriate for treating susceptible gram‐negative organisms with minimum inhibitory concentrations of 1 mg/L or lower.