bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Binary Genetic Swarm Optimization: A Combination of GA and PSO for Feature Selection
Authors: Ghosh Manosij , Guha Ritam , Alam Imran , Lohariwal Priyank , Jalan Devesh , Sarkar Ram 
Published: September 2019

AbstractFeature selection (FS) is a technique which helps to find the most optimal feature subset to develop an efficient pattern recognition model under consideration. The use of genetic algorithm (GA) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) in the field of FS is profound. In this paper, we propose an insightful way to perform FS by amassing information from the candidate solutions produced by GA and PSO. Our aim is to combine the exploitation ability of GA with the exploration capacity of PSO. We name this new model as binary genetic swarm optimization (BGSO). The proposed method initially lets GA and PSO to run independently. To extract sufficient information from the feature subsets obtained by those, BGSO combines their results by an algorithm called average weighted combination method to produce an intermediate solution. Thereafter, a local search called sequential one-point flipping is applied to refine the intermediate solution further in order to generate the final solution. BGSO is applied on 20 popular UCI datasets. The results were obtained by two classifiers, namely,knearest neighbors (KNN) and multi-layer perceptron (MLP). The overall results and comparisons show that the proposed method outperforms the constituent algorithms in 16 and 14 datasets using KNN and MLP, respectively, whereas among the constituent algorithms, GA is able to achieve the best classification accuracy for 2 and 7 datasets and PSO achieves best accuracy for 2 and 4 datasets, respectively, for the same set of classifiers. This proves the applicability and usefulness of the method in the domain of FS.
Analysis of a 6-year pilot external quality assurance survey of free light chain using Sigma metrics
Authors: Chae Hyojin , Yoo Jaeeun , Park Joonhong , Cha Kyoungho , Lee Jeong Joong , Cho Bongrae , Kim Myungshin , Kim Yonggoo 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundA pilot external quality assurance (EQA) survey for the free light chain (FLC) assay was developed and implemented in Korea.MethodsSurvey data over 6 years (2010–2015) were collected retrospectively and Sigma metrics were calculated for method-specific peer groups.ResultsNineteen to 29 laboratories participated in the EQA survey, and nephelometric (20%) and turbidimetric (80%) methods were used. Using a previously published clinically relevant reference change value (RCV) of 54.5% as the tolerance limit, the method-specific median Sigma metrics of kappa (κ) and lambda (λ) FLC achieved greater than Three-Sigma for 86–97% of all EQA distributions, and Five-Sigma for 48–72% of all distributions.ConclusionsThis EQA analysis of FLC assay applied clinically relevant quality specifications using Sigma metrics. During the 6-year EQA survey, we found that most of the results from participating laboratories meet clinically relevant quality specifications. In addition, method-specific differences were noted for λ FLC, at FLC concentrations above the initial measuring range that require a sample dilution.
Investigation of the dual cascade algorithm in the diagnosis of antinuclear antibodies
Authors: Ecemiş Talat , Faraşat Vildan Turan , Doğan Yavuz , Şener Aslı Gamze , Ece Gülfem Terek , Dündar Pınar Erbay , Şanlıdağ Tamer 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe dual cascade algorithm which involves screening and confirmation of antinuclear antibodies (ANAs) by further reflex testing is widely used in the detection of ANAs. We aimed to investigate this algorithm which is commonly used in many laboratories.MethodsA total of 475 sera obtained from patients with a clinical suspicion of systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases (SARDs) upon which three expert assessors agreed for interpretation in the indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) test were determined and tested by the line immunoassay (LIA) containing 16 antigens. The results of the tests were statistically compared and evaluated.ResultsIn 141 of the sera (29.7%), there was an agreement between ANA-IIF(+) and LIA(+) results. The overall agreement rate between the two tests for positivity and negativity only was 85.5% with a Cohen’s κ coefficient of 0.69. In 118 of these 141 sera (83.7%), pattern and associated ANA agreement was detected with an overall agreement rate of 80.6% and a Cohen’s κ coefficient of 0.57. The highest agreement between the pattern and associated ANAs was seen in centromere, dense fine speckled (DFS) and cytoplasmic reticular patterns. In these patterns, the rate of anti-centromere-associated protein B (CENP-B), anti-DFS and anti-antimitochondrial antibody M2 (anti-AMA-M2) antibodies were 93.4%, 92.3% and 66.7%, respectively.ConclusionsWe found an overall moderate agreement between IIF screening and LIA confirmation tests. However, the level of agreement varies according to the pattern type. The discrepancy in agreement rates may cause false reflex test requests. Our results highlight the need for collaboration between clinical and laboratory professionals in selected cases instead of the reflex testing approach.
Crystal structure of bromido-dimethyl-4-tolyl-(triphenylphosphine oxide)tin(IV), C27H28BrOPSn
Authors: Lee See Mun , Lo Kong Mun , Tiekink Edward R.T. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
C27H28BrOPSn, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 10.9369(1) Å, b = 12.2170(1) Å, c = 18.8402(1) Å, β = 91.869(1)°, V = 2516.01(3) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0279, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0754, T = 100(2) K.
Manufacture and mechanical properties of sandwich structure-battery composites
Authors: Zhang Lu , Lu Shaowei , Wang Xiaoqiang , Ma Keming , Liu Hoyin , Zhou Limin 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
An innovative sandwich battery composite was designed and manufactured by applying he vacuum assisted hand lay-up molding process. A series of bending mechanical properties and electrical performance testing were performed to investigate the reliability of the structure-battery composites. Experimental results showed that embedding the lithium polymer cell had no influence on the specific strength of the composite components and the electrical properties of the battery packs. Moreover, the charging and discharging properties of the structure-battery composites were not affected when subjected to 60% of failure load level or less. Under 80% of failure load, the charging and discharging capacities of the battery were reduced by 21.80% and 22.78%, respectively, and this degradation was unrecoverable. The structure-battery system has great potential as a multifunctional composite to optimize structural design and improve lightweight integrated properties.
Seizure initiation in infantile spasms vs. focal seizures: proposed common cellular mechanisms
Authors: Traub Roger D. , Moeller Friederike , Rosch Richard , Baldeweg Torsten , Whittington Miles A. , Hall Stephen P. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Infantile spasms (IS) and seizures with focal onset have different clinical expressions, even when electroencephalography (EEG) associated with IS has some degree of focality. Oddly, identical pathology (with, however, age-dependent expression) can lead to IS in one patient vs. focal seizures in another or even in the same, albeit older, patient. We therefore investigated whether the cellular mechanisms underlying seizure initiation are similar in the two instances: spasms vs. focal. We noted that in-common EEG features can include (i) a background of waves at alpha to delta frequencies; (ii) a period of flattening, lasting about a second or more – the electrodecrement (ED); and (iii) often an interval of very fast oscillations (VFO; ~70 Hz or faster) preceding, or at the beginning of, the ED. With IS, VFO temporally coincides with the motor spasm. What is different between the two conditions is this: with IS, the ED reverts to recurring slow waves, as occurring before the ED, whereas with focal seizures the ED instead evolves into an electrographic seizure, containing high-amplitude synchronized bursts, having superimposed VFO. We used in vitro data to help understand these patterns, as such data suggest cellular mechanisms for delta waves, for VFO, for seizure-related burst complexes containing VFO, and, more recently, for the ED. We propose a unifying mechanistic hypothesis – emphasizing the importance of brain pH – to explain the commonalities and differences of EEG signals in IS versus focal seizures.
Sensorial Intermedialities in Roman Letters: Cicero, Horace, and Ovid
Authors: Mannering Jonathan E. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
In recent years, much progress has been made towards elucidating the function of ekphrasis in Roman epistolography, especially with relation to the writings of Seneca and Pliny. Following on from these precedents, this article mines the epistles of three prominent Roman letter-writers, Cicero, Horace, and Ovid, for their intermedial elements. The motifs of oral quotations, handwriting, and human tear stains, which interweave the sources analysed, are shown not only to straddle the borders between distinct media, but also to engage with multiple senses as a result of their multiple medialities. Oral quotations integrate speech into written texts and thus necessitate both sight and hearing. Handwriting likewise consists of both a ‘basic mediality’ – the visual – and a ‘qualified mediality’ of chirographic distinctiveness, and thus necessitates not only perception via sight but also recognition. Tear stains, which range from the actual smudges in Cicero’s missives to metaphorical ones in Tears don’t feature in Horace’s letters. Ovid’s epistles, are in turn geared both towards sight and touch, since they simultaneously alter the letter’s appearance and surface. However, these intermedial connections have different effects in prose and poetry epistles: they enable the former to transcend the very category of ‘letter’, but confine the latter within the epistolary genre by characterising them in material terms.
Fractalkine (CX3CL1) and its receptor (CX3CR1) in children with hypertrophic adenoid and chronic otitis media with effusion
Authors: Inan Serhat , Babakurban Seda Türkoğlu , Erbek Selim Sermed , Terzi Yunus Kasım , Sahin Feride Iffet 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Background
Adenoid hypertrophy (AH) is one of the possible causes of chronic inflammation in the middle ear. It has been suggested that CX3CL1 and its specific receptor (CX3CR1) could be related with the pathogenesis of some inflammatory diseases. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the role of CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 in the pathogenesis of AH with chronic otitis media with effusion (COME) in children.

Materials and methods
Adenoid tissue samples were obtained from 91 pediatric patients and divided into two groups: adenoidectomy only for AH (n: 47) and adenoidectomy in conjunction with ventilation tube insertion for AH + COME (n: 44). Expression levels of CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 genes were compared.

Results
Expression levels of CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 in hypertrophic adenoid tissue were not significantly different between the AH + COME and AH only groups. Although no significant difference was detected in the expression of CX3CL1 in the adenoid samples, the expression of CX3CR1 was higher in children older than 48 months.

Conclusions
When allergy, atopy and chronic adenoiditis does not exist to obstructive adenoid hypertrophy, inflammatory fractalkine chemokine expression levels in adenoid tissue was not observed to be increased in children with COME.
Experimental Study of Kerosene Ignition and Flame Stabilization in a Supersonic Combustor
Authors: Meng Yu , Gu Hongbin , Zhang Xinyu 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
A supersonic kerosene ignition and flame stabilization experiments were conducted on a directly connected supersonic combustion test bench. The kerosene fuel was jetted by wall jet at Ma 2.5 airflow. High-speed photography was used to record the CH* emission during ignition, extinguishing and evolution of the flame. Experiments of different equivalence ratios were performed. The processes of ignition, flame holding, and extinguishing were observed as well. The experiment showed the characteristics of ignition core initiation and extension. The time of ignition increased with the increase of equivalence ratios. Flame stability during the process of Ma 2.5 at the entrance of the combustion chamber was also studied. An equilibrium flame pattern of shock wave and flame was discovered in the experiment. In the stable flame state, shock waves near the kerosene jet orifice promote atomization and blending, and the combustion chamber pressure with stable flame makes the shock waves stable near the kerosene jet orifice, thus forming the flame stability model. The whole process and characteristics of kerosene ignition, flame holding and extinguishing are revealed in the experiment.
Structural elucidation of two new compounds from Artemisia ordosica and their antioxidative activity
Authors: Wu Guo-Hua , Wang Qing-Hu , He Xiang , Bao Wen-Qiang , Pa Bi-Li-Ge-Tu 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Two new compounds, namely, arteordosin A (1) and arteordosin B (2), were isolated from the CHCl3 extract of Artemisia ordosica. This is the first report on the structure elucidation of arteordosin A (1) and arteordosin B (2) based on spectroscopic methods including electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, one-dimensional (1D) nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) and 2D NMR techniques. Antioxidant activities of the compounds were measured for their radical scavenging capacity using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl. Compound 1 (IC50 of 1.01 mg mL−1) showed antioxidant activity similar to the standard reference ascorbic acid (IC50 of 0.98 mg mL−1) and is more active than compound 2 (IC50 of 1.87 mg mL−1). In conclusion, arteordosin A (1) and arteordosin B (2) may be used as potential antihyperlipidemic agent in routine clinical practice.
Genetic Ablation of Neural Progenitor Cells Impairs Acquisition of Trace Eyeblink Conditioning
Authors: Miller Lisa N. , Weiss Craig , Disterhoft John F. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAdult-born neurons are believed to play a role in memory formation by providing enhanced plasticity to the hippocampus. Past studies have demonstrated that reduction of neurogenesis impairs associative learning, but these experiments used irradiation or neurotoxic substances, which may have had unintended off-target effects. Therefore, to investigate the role of these adult-born neurons more precisely, we used nestin-HSV-TK transgenic mice (Nes-TK) to selectively ablate newborn neurons. Nes-TK mice were fed a chow infused with valganciclovir to induce the ablation of neural progenitor cells. After being on this diet for 4 weeks, mice were trained on trace eyeblink conditioning, a hippocampus-dependent temporal associative memory task. Following the completion of training, brain sections from these animals were stained for doublecortin, a marker for immature neurons, to quantify levels of neurogenesis. We found that male transgenic mice on valganciclovir had significantly decreased amounts of doublecortin relative to male control animals, indicating a successful reduction in levels of neurogenesis. In conjunction with this reduction in neurogenesis, the male transgenic mice on valganciclovir learned at a significantly slower rate than male control mice. The female Nes-TK mice on valganciclovir showed no significant decrease in neurogenesis and no behavioral impairment relative to female control mice. Ultimately, the results are consistent with, and expand upon, prior studies that demonstrated that adult-born neurons are involved in the formation of associative memories. This study also provides a foundation to continue to explore the physiological role of newborn neurons within vivorecordings during behavioral training.
Conformational Dynamics of Transmembrane Domain 3 of Presenilin 1 Is Associated with the Trimming Activity of γ-Secretase
Authors: Cai Tetsuo , Morishima Kanan , Takagi-Niidome Shizuka , Tominaga Aya , Tomita Taisuke 
Published: September 2019

γ-Secretase is an intramembrane-cleaving protease that generates the toxic species of the amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) that is responsible for the pathology of Alzheimer disease. The catalytic subunit of γ-secretase is presenilin 1 (PS1), which is a polytopic membrane protein with a hydrophilic catalytic pore. The length of the C terminus of Aβ is proteolytically determined by its processive trimming by γ-secretase, although the precise mechanism still remains largely unknown. Here, we identified that transmembrane domain (TMD) 3 of human PS1 is involved in the formation of the intramembranous hydrophilic pore. Notably, the water accessibility of TMD3 was greatly altered by point mutations and compounds, which modify γ-secretase activity. The changes in the water accessibility of TMD3 was also correlated with Aβ42 production. Moreover, crosslinking between TMD3 and TMD7 resulted in a loss of sensitivity to a γ-secretase modulator that reduces Aβ42 production. Therefore, our findings indicate that the conformational dynamics of TMD3 is a prerequisite for regulation of the Aβ trimming activity of γ-secretase.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTModulation of γ-secretase activity to reduce the level of toxic amyloid-β species is thought to be a therapeutic strategy for Alzheimer disease. However, the detailed mechanism of the regulation of amyloid-β production, as well as the structure-and-activity relationship of γ-secretase remains unclear. Here we identified that the water accessibility around transmembrane domain 3 in presenilin 1 was increased along with a reduction in toxic amyloid-β production. Our findings demonstrate how the structure of presenilin 1 dynamically changes during amyloid-β production, and provides insights toward the development of treatments against Alzheimer disease.
Etomidate in the management of severe Cushing’s disease and MRSA bacteraemia in a district general hospital in the United Kingdom
Authors: Wong Stephanie Wei Ping , Yap Yew Wen , Narayanan Ram Prakash , Al-Jubouri Mohammad , Grossman Ashley , Daousi Christina , Mahgoub Yahya 
Published: September 2019

Summary
We report our experience on managing a case of florid Cushing’s disease with Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) sepsis using intravenous etomidate in the intensive care unit of a UK district general hospital.

Learning points:

Severe Cushing’s syndrome is associated with high morbidity and mortality.

Etomidate is a safe and effective medical therapy to rapidly lower cortisol levels even in the context of severe sepsis and immunosuppression.

Etomidate should ideally be administered in an intensive care unit but is still feasible in a district general hospital.

During treatment with etomidate, accumulation of serum 11β-deoxycortisol (11DOC) levels can cross-react with laboratory cortisol measurement leading to falsely elevated serum cortisol levels. For this reason, serum cortisol measurement using a mass spectrometry assay should ideally be used to guide etomidate prescription.
29th Baltic Conference on the History of Science in Vilnius
Authors: Kondratas Ramūnas , Railienė Birutė 
Published: September 2019

Welcome to the 29th Baltic Conference on the History of Science. This conference carries on the tradition of rotating conferences in the Baltic countries (now including Finland) which was begun in the summer of 1958. This year it is part of Vilnius University’s celebration of its 440th anniversary, and thus the theme Science and the University. The lectures in our plenary session will explore in greater depth the founding during the interwar period of the major national universities in the Baltic States and Finland. The presentations in our general sessions are divided into five sections: medicine, biological sciences, physical sciences, science and technology, and philosophy. In addition to presenters from the Baltic States and Finland, there will be representatives from Poland, Russia, Ukraine and the United States. I would like to thank the members of the organizing and local arrangements committees for their help, and especially Birutė Railienė, the secretary-treasurer of the Lithuanian Association of the History and Philosophy of Science, and Barbara Omelčenko, the Vilnius University Museum administrator. We are very grateful for support from Vilnius University which has provided the facilities for our conference and the very generous financial contribution from Thermo Fisher Scientific Baltics. The organization of this conference in Lithuania began under the very able leadership of Prof. Juozapas Algimantas Krikštopaitis, who was the heart and soul and long-time head of the Lithuanian Association of the History and Philosophy of Science. Unfortunately, he died last year and passed the baton onto me. An In Memoriam for Prof. Krikštopaitis can be found in the front of the abstract booklet. In the name of us all, I would like to dedicate this conference in his memory.Dr. Ramūnas KondratasPresident, Baltic Association of the History and Philosophy of SciencePresident, Lithuanian Association of the History and Philosophy of Science
López Jiménez, Carlos Arturo. 2018. El terreno común de la escritura: una historia de la producción filosófica en Colombia (1892-1910)
Authors: Betancur Juan Camilo 
Published: September 2019

La publicación del trabajo doctoral de Carlos Arturo López sacude desde la raíz el relato convencional de lo que ha sido la filosofía en Colombia. En un regreso “a los textos mismos” publicados entre 1892 y 1910, atendiendo a los criterios de escritura válidos en ese momento y lugar, López propone describir las condiciones históricas de un “relieve específico de la escritura filosófica” (38). Con esto aporta un concepto metodológico prometedor para futuras investigaciones. El concep-to de mínimo textual reúne los temas, problemas y modos de argumentar y de reconocerse entre escritores contempo-ráneos a una determinada época; “define las exigencias y limitaciones, creencias y procedimientos técnicos propios de la escritura filosófica en Colombia” duran-te el período estudiado (cf. 36-38), para dar una imagen fija de las ideas más o menos compartidas sobre lo que debería ser la filosofía entre los escritores locales que se identificaban a sí mismos como “filósofos”.
Mechanical, tribological, and electrochemical behavior of hybrid aluminum matrix composite containing boron carbide (B4C) and graphene nanoplatelets
Authors: Abbas shafqat Qaisar , Rafi-ud-din  , Shahzad Muhammad , Khan Mahmood , Mehmood Sultan , Syed Waqar Adil , Basit Abdul , Mehboob Nasir , Ali Tahir 
Published: September 2019

Abstract