bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activities of Novel Quinazolinone Acylhydrazone Derivatives Containing the Indole Moiety
Authors: Li Xiao‐Qin , Gan Yi‐Yuan , Meng Jiao , Li Wen , Chen Jie , Qi Ya‐Yun , Tian Kun , Ouyang Gui‐Ping , Wang Zhen‐Chao 
Published: April 2018

A series of novel quinazolinone acylhydrazone derivatives containing the indole moiety were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their inhibition activities against some important phytopathogens in vitro. Antibacterial experiments indicated that some compounds exhibited remarkable inhibition activities against tested bacteria. Especially, the EC50 values of 7a (EC50 = 55.13 μg/mL against Xoo, EC50 = 56.92 μg/mL against Rs) demonstrated the best antibacterial activities against Xoo and Rs than the other compounds, and the control agents Bismerthiazol (EC50 = 89.80 μg/mL against Xoo) and Thiodiazole copper (EC50 = 189.52 μg/mL against Rs), moreover, compound 7o (EC50 = 50.80 μg/mL) displayed the excellent activity against Xac than the control Bismerthiazol (EC50 = 56.92 μg/mL).
Intermolecular interaction of fosinopril with bovine serum albumin (BSA): The multi‐spectroscopic and computational investigation
Authors: Zhou Kai‐Li , Pan Dong‐Qi , Lou Yan‐Yue , Shi Jie‐Hua 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe intermolecular interaction of fosinopril, an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor with bovine serum albumin (BSA), has been investigated in physiological buffer (pH 7.4) by multi‐spectroscopic methods and molecular docking technique. The results obtained from fluorescence and UV absorption spectroscopy revealed that the fluorescence quenching mechanism of BSA induced by fosinopril was mediated by the combined dynamic and static quenching, and the static quenching was dominant in this system. The binding constant, Kb, value was found to lie between 2.69 × 103 and 9.55 × 103 M−1 at experimental temperatures (293, 298, 303, and 308 K), implying the low or intermediate binding affinity between fosinopril and BSA. Competitive binding experiments with site markers (phenylbutazone and diazepam) suggested that fosinopril preferentially bound to the site I in sub‐domain IIA on BSA, as evidenced by molecular docking analysis. The negative sign for enthalpy change (ΔH0) and entropy change (ΔS0) indicated that van der Waals force and hydrogen bonds played important roles in the fosinopril‐BSA interaction, and 8‐anilino‐1‐naphthalenesulfonate binding assay experiments offered evidence of the involvements of hydrophobic interactions. Moreover, spectroscopic results (synchronous fluorescence, 3‐dimensional fluorescence, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy) indicated a slight conformational change in BSA upon fosinopril interaction.
A sensitive, high‐throughput, and ecofriendly method for the determination of lumefantrine, artemether, and its active metabolite dihydroartemisinin by supercritical fluid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Yang Yinxian , Gao Hailing , Hou Shanshan , Su Ruijuan , Liu Hongzhuo , Sun Jin 
Published: April 2018

AbstractA quick and sensitive supercritical fluid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry method for the simultaneous determination of lumefantrine, artemether, and its active metabolite dihydroartemisinin in rat plasma was developed and validated. The chromatographic separation was performed on an ACQUITY UPC2™ BEH 2‐EP column within 2.5 min by gradient elution using compressed CO2 and methanol containing 2 mM ammonium acetate as the mobile phases. Detection was achieved by multiple reaction monitoring using electrospray ionization in the positive ionization mode. For sample preparation, 50 μL of the sample was processed by modified high‐throughput, one‐step protein precipitation using hydrogen peroxide as a stabilizer to protect the endoperoxide‐containing artemisinin derivatives from degradation. The calibration curves were linear over the concentration range of 2.0–1000 ng/mL for both artemether and dihydroartemisinin, and 1.0–5000 ng/mL for lumefantrine. The values of selectivity, lower limit of quantification, linearity, accuracy, precision, matrix effects, stability, and recovery met the acceptable range according to the Food and Drug Administration guidelines. The developed method enables high resolution and speed as well as low cost, low solvent consumption, and short time and was successfully applied to pharmacokinetic studies through the intravenous administration of an artemether–lumefantrine lipid emulsion in rats.
Cyclic band compression in toroidal capillary electrophoresis delivers an unlimited number of theoretical plates with a quadratic growth in time and a constant peak capacity
Authors: Kist Tarso B. Ledur 
Published: April 2018

AbstractAnalytical instruments able to provide extremely high sensitivities, separation efficiencies, and peak capacities are important for both applied sciences and basic research. It is even more interesting if this can be achieved within organic, aqueous, and physiological solutions without restricting the operation parameters, such as buffer pH, temperature, ionic strength, and background electrolyte composition. Toroidal capillary electrophoresis offers this potential, as was recently proposed and demonstrated. In this platform, the analytes perform continuous round trips inside a fused‐silica capillary having a torus‐like shape. In the present work, the equations of the number of plates and peak capacity are deduced when on‐column cyclic thermal band compression is applied. They are expressed as a function of the number of turns performed by the analyte, axial length of the toroid, number of microholes (reservoirs), compression factor, number of compression events performed per turn, and applied voltage. It was found that the variances of the bands reach a steady state, regardless of the number of dispersion mechanisms present. Consequently, the number of theoretical plates grows indefinitely as the square of time. The expression of peak capacity shows a well‐defined limiting value that remains constant over time.
Malleostapedotomy in stapes revision surgery: Is an endoscopic approach possible?
Authors: Iannella Giannicola , Angeletti Diletta , Manno Alessandra , Pasquariello Benedetta , Re Massimo , Magliulo Giuseppe 
Published: April 2018

Objectives/HypothesisThe purpose of the present study was to show our preliminary results regarding the endoscopic ear surgery application in malleostapedotomy surgery.Study DesignCase series.MethodsSix patients (four females and two males) who underwent endoscopic ear surgery as revision surgery for otosclerosis were enrolled in this study. For endoscopic malleostapedotomy surgery, rigid angled endoscopes at 0 ° and 30 ° with a length of 14 cm and an outer diameter of 3 and 4 mm were used. A superelastic nitinol stapes prosthesis was used to connect the malleus neck to the oval window.ResultsDuring endoscopic ear surgery, a lateral ossicular chain fixation was present in all cases. The mean operative time in the study group was 81 minutes (range, 73–89 minutes). A statistically significant difference between preoperative and postoperative hearing findings was observed (P = .007). No cases of sensorineural hearing loss or persistent vertigo were observed in the study sample. No cases of prosthesis displacement or prosthesis extrusion occurred after a mean follow‐up of 11.5 months.ConclusionsIn 100% of treated cases, the endoscope proved to be adequate for the visualization of the malleus handle and incus, and of their possible abnormalities. Despite the difficulty related to endoscopic single‐handed work, none of the surgical steps of endoscopic malleostapedotomy were considered not feasible by endoscopic ear surgery.Level of Evidence4. Laryngoscope, 2611–2614, 2018
Survey of endoscopic skull base surgery practice patterns among otolaryngologists
Authors: Wannemuehler Todd J. , Rabbani Cyrus C. , Burgeson Jack E. , Illing Elisa A. , Walgama Evan S. , Wu Arthur W. , Ting Jonathan Y. 
Published: April 2018

BackgroundEndoscopic skull base surgery (ESBS) is a rapidly expanding field. Despite divergent reported preferences for reconstructive techniques and perioperative management, limited data exist regarding contemporary practice patterns among otolaryngologists performing ESBS. This study aims to elucidate current practice patterns, primarily the volumes of cases performed and secondarily a variety of other perioperative preferences.MethodsAn anonymous 32‐item electronic survey examining perioperative ESBS preferences was distributed to the American Rhinologic Society membership. Statistical significance between variables was determined utilizing Student t, chi‐square, and Fisher exact tests.ResultsSeventy otolaryngologists completed the survey. The effective response rate was approximately 22.5%. Sixty percent of respondents were in full‐time academic practice and 70% had completed rhinology/skull base fellowships. Annually, 43.3 mean ESBS cases were performed (29.1 private practice vs. 52.9 academic practice, P = .009). Academic practice averaged 24.1 expanded cases versus only 11 in private practice (P = .01). Of respondents, 55.7% stood on the same side as the neurosurgeon and 72.9% remained present for the entire case. Current procedural terminology coding and antibiotic regimens were widely divergent; 31.4% never placed lumbar drains preoperatively, while 41.4% did so for anticipated high‐flow cerebrospinal fluid leaks. While considerable variation in reconstructive techniques were noted, intradural defect repairs utilized vascularized flaps 86.3% of the time versus only 51.3% for extradural repairs (P < 0.001). Major complications were rare. Postoperative restrictions varied considerably, with most activity limitations between 2–8 weeks and positive airway pressure use for 2–6 weeks. Most respondents started saline irrigations 0–2 weeks postoperatively.ConclusionsBased on responses from fellowship‐ and non‐fellowship‐trained otolaryngologists in various practice settings, there remains considerable variation in the perioperative management of patients undergoing ESBS.Level of Evidence5
Therapeutic Cannabis and Endocannabinoid Signaling System Modulator Use in Otolaryngology Patients
Authors: Bryant Lucas M. , Daniels Kelly E. , Cognetti David M. , Tassone Patrick , Luginbuhl Adam J. , Curry Joseph M. 
Published: April 2018

Objectives1) review benefits and risks of cannabis use, with emphasis on otolaryngic disease processes; 2) define and review the endocannabinoid signaling system (ESS); and 3) review state and federal regulations for the use and research of cannabis and ESS modulators.MethodsThis manuscript is a review of the current literature relevant to the stated objectives.ResultsCannabis (marijuana) use is increasing. It is the most widely used illicit substance in the world. There is increasing interest in its therapeutic potential due to changing perceptions, new research, and legislation changes controlling its use. The legal classification of cannabis is complicated due to varied and conflicting state and federal laws. There are currently two synthetic cannabinoid drugs that are FDA approved. Current indications for use include chemotherapy‐related nausea and vomiting, cachexia, and appetite loss. Research has demonstrated potential benefit for use in many other pathologies including pain, inflammatory states, and malignancy. Data exists demonstrating potential antineoplastic benefit in oral, thyroid, and skin cancers.ConclusionsESS modulators may play both a causal and therapeutic role in several disorders seen in otolaryngology patients. The use of cannabis and cannabinoids is not without risk. There is a need for further research to better understand both the adverse and therapeutic effects of cannabis use. With increasing rates of consumption, elevated public awareness, and rapidly changing legislation, it is helpful for the otolaryngologist to be aware of both the adverse manifestations of use and the potential therapeutic benefits when talking with patients.
Tuning Structures of Mesogen‐Jacketed Liquid Crystalline Polymers and Their Rod–Coil Diblock Copolymers by Varying Chain Rigidity
Authors: Pan Hongbing , Ping Jing , Zhang Mengyao , Xiao Anqi , Lyu Xiaolin , Shen Zhihao , Fan Xinghe 
Published: April 2018

AbstractTwo mesogen‐jacketed liquid crystalline (LC) polymers with different rigid side‐chain cores, poly[2,5‐bis(tert‐butoxylcarbonyl)styrene] (PM1) and poly[2,5‐bis(4‐tert‐butoxylcarbonyl phenyl)styrene] (PM3), as well as their corresponding block copolymers (BCPs), poly(dimethylsiloxane)‐b‐PM1 (PDMS‐b‐PM1) and PDMS‐b‐PM3, are synthesized and characterized. The LC phase structures of the homopolymers and the microphase‐separated structures of the BCPs can be controlled by changing the rigidity of the polymer chains with the different rigid side‐chain cores used. The LC phase structure of PM1 homopolymer is dependent on its molecular weight (MW). On the other hand, PM3 is always amorphous below thermal decomposition temperature regardless of its MW, owing to much higher rigidity of PM3 compared with that of PM1. Although both BCPs can self‐assemble into lamellae (LAM) and hexagonally packed cylinders (HEX) with varying compositions, PDMS‐b‐PM3 can form the HEX structure at a smaller weight fraction of the PM3 block because PDMS‐b‐PM3 possesses a larger geometric asymmetric factor compared with PDMS‐b‐PM1. For PDMS‐b‐PM1 with a large enough MW, it can form hierarchically ordered nanostructures, including the LAM or HEX nanostructure of the BCP and the columnar nematic phase of the PM1 block.
Isometries of Lipschitz type function spaces
Authors: Ranjbar‐Motlagh Alireza 
Published: April 2018

AbstractIn this article, we describe isometries over the Lipschitz spaces under certain conditions. Indeed, we provide a unified proof for the main results of and in a more general setting. Finally, we extend our results for some other functions spaces like the space of vector‐valued little Lipschitz maps and pointwise Lipschitz maps.
Technical Note: A proposal of air ventilation system design criteria for a clinical room in a heavy‐ion medical facility
Authors: Kum Oyeon 
Published: April 2018

PurposeAn optimized air ventilation system design for a treatment room in Heavy‐ion Medical Facility is an important issue in the aspects of nuclear safety because the activated air produced in a treatment room can directly affect the medical staff and the general public in the radiation‐free area.MethodsOptimized design criteria of air ventilation system for a clinical room in 430 MeV/u carbon ion beam medical accelerator facility was performed by using a combination of MCNPX2.7.0 and CINDER’90 codes. Effective dose rate and its accumulated effective dose by inhalation and residual gamma were calculated for a normal treatment scenario (2 min irradiation for one fraction) as a function of decay time. Natural doses around the site were measured before construction and used as reference data.ResultsWith no air ventilation system, the maximum effective dose rate was about 3 μSv/h (total dose of 90 mSv/y) and minimum 0.2 μSv/h (total dose of 6 mSv/y), which are over the legal limits for medical staff and for the general public. Although inhalation dose contribution was relatively small, it was considered seriously because of its long‐lasting effects in the body. The integrated dose per year was 1.8 mSv/y in the radiation‐free area with the 20‐min rate of air ventilation system.ConclusionAn optimal air ventilation rate of 20 min is proposed for a clinical room, which also agrees with the best mechanical design value.
Dynamic characteristics of a large‐diameter pile in saturated soil and its application
Authors: Xiao Si , Wang Kuihua , Gao Liu , Wu Juntao 
Published: April 2018

SummaryThis study theoretically investigates the dynamic response of an end‐bearing pile embedded in saturated soil considering the transverse inertial effect of the pile. The saturated soil surrounding the pile is described by Biot poroelastic theory, and the pile is represented by a Rayleigh‐Love rod because both the vertical and radial displacements at the soil‐pile interface are considered. The potential function decomposition method and variable separation method are introduced to solve the governing equations of the soil, in which the vertical and radial displacement components are coupled. The governing equation of the pile is solved using the continuity conditions at the pile‐soil interface. Next, the velocity admittance in the frequency domain and the velocity response in the time domain at the pile top are presented based on the Laplace transform and inverse Fourier transform, respectively. Subsequently, the reduced solution is compared with a 1‐dimensional model solution to verify the validity, and the influences of the slenderness ratio of the pile on the transverse inertial effect of the pile are analyzed. Moreover, Poisson ratio, the slenderness ratio of the pile, and the pile‐soil modulus ratio are studied. Finally, the theoretical and measured curves in the engineering project are compared, and the results demonstrate the good application prospects of the solution presented in this article.
Overview of Intensive Care Unit‐Related Physical and Functional Impairments and Rehabilitation‐Related Devices
Authors: Koester Katie , Troeller Heidi , Panter Sara , Winter Emily , Patel Jayshil J. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractRehabilitation after critical illness requires a multidisciplinary effort. Nutrition support of critically ill patients aims to correct the imbalance between protein synthesis and protein degradation to maximize strengthening and muscle mass, whereas physical and occupational therapists focus on optimizing strength and mobility through functional activity to help intensive care (ICU) patients return to their precritical illness level of function and improve quality of life. Early mobility has become the new standard of care for ICU patients. Therapists utilize various devices and technologies to increase the feasibility of early mobility and enhance the rehabilitation process to ensure that patients reach their rehabilitation goals. Tools such as electrical stimulation, cycle ergometers, dynamic tilt tables, and resistive bands aid in strengthening. Therapists use safe patient‐handling equipment and ambulation aids to address gait impairments. Adaptive toileting, dressing, bathing, and feeding tools facilitate greater independence with activities of daily living. Augmentative and alternative communication devices promote well‐being and communication of basic needs. Splints prevent joint contracture and maintain functional range of motion. Overall, many rehabilitation devices are safe and feasible for use in an ICU setting and serve to maximize strength and functional independence. The purpose of this narrative review is to discuss the benefits and limitations of available rehabilitation devices in the context of critical illness rehabilitation goals.
In situ development of bio‐based polyurethane‐blend‐epoxy hybrid materials and their nanocomposites with modified graphene oxide via non‐isocyanate route
Authors: Doley Simanta , Sarmah Asish , Sarkar Chandrama , Dolui Swapan K 
Published: April 2018

AbstractWe developed a series of sunflower oil‐based non‐isocyanate polyurethane (NIPU)‐blend‐epoxy hybrid materials (HNIPUs) and their nanocomposites with amine‐functionalized graphene oxide (AF‐GO). Firstly, carbonated sunflower oil (CSFO) containing five‐membered cyclocarbonate groups was synthesized by the reaction of epoxidized sunflower oil with carbon dioxide (CO2) at a pressure of 50 bar and temperature of 110 °C. Then, a series of HNIPUs were synthesized using a mixture of CSFO and a commercially available epoxy resin in various amounts (10, 20 and 30 wt% with respect to CSFO) using isophorone diamine as the curing agent. The HNIPU with 30 wt% epoxy showed the best mechanical properties. Finally, nanocomposites of 30 wt% HNIPU‐based composition were prepared with various amounts of AF‐GO (0.3, 0.6 and 1.0 wt%) and were characterized using Fourier transform infrared and 1H NMR spectroscopies, X‐ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. These results emphasize the potentiality of this environmentally friendly approach for preparing renewable HNIPU and nanocomposite materials of high performances. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Connotations of ancestral home: An exploration of place attachment by multiple generations of Chinese diaspora
Authors: Li Tingting Elle , Chan Eric Tak Hin 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThis paper explores the connotations of ancestral home by investigating how multiple generations of Chinese migrants sustain their place attachment to China. Based on 50 in‐depth interviews with Chinese migrants from the first to the sixth generation, we unpacked the meanings of ancestral home from the “place,” “person,” and “process” dimensions and identified 3 types of connections: personally attached to ancestral home, cognitively connected to a generic China and the Chinese culture, and spiritually connected to a symbolic China. Factors were identified in each type of place attachment in illustrating how Chinese diaspora members sustain their ancestral home connections. The personally attached group ground their attachment in strongly valued personal involvement with the physical and social ties. They are more sensitive to migration background, social relationships, and home return mobility. The cognitively connected group, in contrast, is more aware of the influence of their own families and the Chinese communities and embed their connections in understandings, knowledge, and Chinese cultural practices. The spiritually connected group maintain their connection through collective memories, sense of pride and appreciation for family ancestry, and interests in personal past. The findings suggest that the meanings of ancestral home are diverse and dynamic, reflecting both individual and family's migration history, personal experiences, cultural exposures, social relationships, and mobility. This study offers empirical insights into diaspora members' experiences of engaging with their place of origin and contributes to the understanding of place attachment by integrating a generational view.
Becoming mobile and growing up: A “generationed” perspective on borderland mobilities, youth, and the household
Authors: Huijsmans Roy 
Published: April 2018

AbstractDrawing on ethnographic research with Lao village youth in a Lao–Thai borderland, I argue that their involvement in cross‐border day labour illuminates the interplay between the dynamics of “becoming mobile” and “growing up.” Despite the autonomy Lao village youth displays in cross‐border day labour, the practice is shaped by, situated within, and at the same time reproduces structural relations of inequality constituting the borderland. The social organisation of the networks of cross‐border day labour skew the practice towards youth from ethnic Lao original households. This has repercussions on how youth from the more marginalised settler households become mobile and assert their youthfulness. The “generationed” perspective presented in this article contributes to the situating of young people's agency in borderland mobilities, understanding agency as shaped by, and shaping the intersection of gendered life course dynamics, household histories, and the sociocultural and politico‐economic dynamics constituting the borderland.