bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Examining determinants of lifestyle interventions targeting persons with intellectual disabilities supported by healthcare organizations: Usability of the Measurement Instrument for Determinants of Innovations
Authors: Steenbergen Henderika A. , de Jong Brenda I. , Fleuren Margot A. H. , van der Schans Cees P. , Waninge Aly 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackgroundDue to complex processes of implementation of innovations aimed at persons with intellectual disabilities in healthcare organizations, lifestyle interventions are not used as intended or not used at all. In order to provide insight into determinants influencing this implementation, this study aims to ascertain if the Measurement Instrument for Determinants of Innovations (MIDI) is useful for objectively evaluating implementation.MethodWith semi‐structured interviews, data concerning determinants of implementation of lifestyle interventions were aggregated. These data were compared to the determinants questioned in the MIDI. Adaptations to the MIDI were made in consultation with the author of the MIDI.ResultsAll determinants of the MIDI, except for that concerning legislation and regulations, were represented in the interview data. Determinants not represented in the MIDI were the level of intellectual disabilities, suitability of materials and physical environment, multi‐levelness of interventions and several persons who could be involved in the intervention, such as direct support persons (DSPs), a therapist or family, and the communication between these involved persons.ConclusionThe present authors suggested making adjustments to existing questions of the MIDI in order to improve usability for deployment in organizations that provide care to persons with intellectual disabilities. The adjustments need to be tested with other interventions.
“Moving on” through the locked ward system for women with intellectual disabilities
Authors: Fish Rebecca , Morgan Hannah 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe move to community support for all people with intellectual disabilities is an aspiration with international significance. In this article, we draw on rich accounts from women with intellectual disabilities detained under the Mental Health Act (E&W) 1983 and staff at an National Health Service secure setting in England to explore how “moving on” is defined and perceived.MethodsThe study reports on an ethnographic study using the field‐notes and the 26 semi‐structured interviews with detained women and staff on three wards.ResultsWe first explore staff conceptions of moving on, which include behavioural change and utilizing coping strategies. Then, we discuss the areas of analysis that women discussed: taking back responsibility, success in arranged relationships, acceptance of regime and resistance to progression.ConclusionThe concepts of moving on were not determined by the women but by the service. We recommend further research which explores women's own rehabilitation requirements.
Physical fitness is predictive for 5‐year survival in older adults with intellectual disabilities
Authors: Oppewal Alyt , Hilgenkamp Thessa I.M. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe very low physical fitness levels of people with intellectual disabilities (ID) may influence their life expectancy. Therefore, we investigated the predictive value of physical fitness for survival in older adults with intellectual disabilities.MethodIn the Healthy Ageing and Intellectual Disabilities (HA‐ID) study,the physical fitness levels of 900 older adults (≥50 years; 61.5 ± 8.1 years) were measured at baseline. All‐cause mortality was collected over a 5‐year follow‐up period. Cox proportional hazard models were used to determine the association between each physical fitness test and survival, adjusted for age, sex, level of ID, and Down syndrome.ResultsThe physical fitness components that were independently predictive for survival were manual dexterity (HR = 0.96 [0.94–0.98]), visual reaction time (HR = 1.57 [1.28–1.94]), balance (HR = 0.97 [0.95–0.99]), comfortable gait speed (HR = 0.65 [0.54–0.78]), fast gait speed (HR = 0.81 [0.72–0.91]), grip strength (HR = 0.97 [0.94–0.99]) and cardiorespiratory fitness (HR = 0.997 [0.995–0.999]), with a better physical fitness showing a lower mortality risk.ConclusionWe showed for the first time that physical fitness was independently associated with survival in older adults with intellectual disabilities. Improving and maintaining physical fitness must become an essential part of care and support for this population.
Comparing parental stress of children with neurodevelopmental disorders: The case of Williams syndrome, Down syndrome and autism spectrum disorders
Authors: Ashworth Maria , Palikara Olympia , Van Herwegen Jo 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackgroundAlthough parental stress is higher for children with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDs), it is unclear how this stress compares to more commonNDs. The current study compared stress in parents of children with Williams syndrome (WS), Down syndrome (DS) and autism spectrum disorders (ASD). The impact of individual and contextual factors was also explored.MethodParents of children withWS(n = 107),DS(n = 79) andASD(n = 79) completed a background questionnaire, a parental stress questionnaire and a satisfaction with life questionnaire.ResultsAlthough all groups displayed similar levels of parental stress, the factors that influenced this stress differed between the groups. There were also differences for life satisfaction and relationships between parental stress and individual and contextual factors.ConclusionsAlthough parents of children withNDs are not at an increased risk of parental stress, the results suggest that interventions should be syndrome‐specific.
The experience of ego threat in the public arena: A study of air ball shots performance in collegiate basketball
Authors: Goldschmied Nadav , Vira Damien 
Published: April 2019

AbstractPerformance following ego threat has often been studied in the laboratory under conditions, which may limit external validity. In the current investigation, Men’s college basketball games were studied focusing on attempts at shot that completely missed the basket and are thus known colloquially as “air ball” shots (ABS). When an away player launches an ABS, the home crowd is likely to recite in unison an “air ball, air ball” chant (ABC) to single him out for a uniquely subpar performance. Similar poor performance by a home player is almost always ignored. An archival exploration showed that away players who shot an ABS had a lower success rate in the shot immediately after, as compared to home players launching an ABS, however, this difference was unrelated to ABC. Also, players with a better shooting ability were better able to deal with the debilitating effects. The results expand ego threat research and are discussed in the context of ego‐depletion and a model is proposed to predict performance quality in social context when the negative feedback is delivered by partisans and one’s knowledge of his skill level is known.
FORESTS AND THE NATION'S WATER
Authors: Wooldridge David D. , Gessel Stanley P. 
Published: April 2019

Three quarters of the nation's total usable streamflow originates on forested lands. Increasing demands for use of forested acres for many forms of outdoor recreation and Increasing demands for the forests' raw materials pose varied problems to resource managers. Activities on forested lands can alter the quality and quantity of water an acre of forested land will yield.Plans for development of resources of river basis should recognize the potential role of forest cover manipulation in altering the hydrologic cycle and the quality and quantity of the water resource.
Lake and catchment‐scale determinants of aquatic vegetation across almost 1,000 lakes and the contrasts between lake types
Authors: Sun Junyao , Hunter Peter D. , Tyler Andrew N. , Willby Nigel J. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAimThe factors controlling macrophyte (aquatic plant) composition are complex, recent research having shown that the well‐studied effects of lake environmental factors (the so‐called “environmental filter”) can be constrained by hydrological and landscape factors. We investigated the factors determining macrophyte composition in lakes over water body and catchment scales and the transferability of this pattern across lake types.LocationAlmost 1,000 lakes distributed across Britain.TaxonLake macrophytes.MethodsLakes were partitioned into five types based on subdivision of alkalinity and elevation gradients. Data from botanical surveys were used to compare the spatial turnover and nestedness components of beta diversity between lake types. The relative importance of lake environment (based on local physicochemical data), hydrology (e.g. lake and stream density), landscape (e.g. fragmentation indices, land cover) and spatial autocorrelation in explaining variation in macrophyte composition were derived from variance partitioning.ResultsSpecies composition showed strong spatial structuring, suggestive of overland dispersal, enhanced by spatially correlated abiotic factors such as alkalinity and elevation. Catchment‐scale factors (e.g. land use, connectivity) promoted the establishment of different communities (more or less diverse, or differing in composition) but were of secondary importance. Turnover in composition between upland lakes was lower than in other lake types, reflecting a more specialist flora and increased potential for propagule exchange due to spatial aggregation and higher hydrological connectivity.Main conclusionsVegetation composition in lakes is more spatially structured than previously appreciated, consistent with the importance of dispersal limitation, but this does not apply evenly to all lakes, being most acute in lowland high alkalinity lakes. Thus, spatially structured abiotic factors, such as alkalinity, influence macrophyte composition most (suggestive of niche filtering) in high alkalinity lakes where human impacts tend to be greatest, although nestedness was also lowest in such lakes. By contrast, hydrological connectivity has a proportionally stronger structuring role in upland lakes.
With Ellenberg indicator values towards the north: Does the indicative power decrease with distance from Central Europe?
Authors: Hedwall Per‐Ola , Brunet Jörg , Diekmann Martin 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAimEllenberg indicator values (EIV) are frequently used in regions outside their Central European origin as proxies for environmental conditions, a practice further boosted by the increasing scientific focus on global change. The performance of EIV outside their geographic origin and over long gradients has, however, rarely been tested. The aim of this study was to evaluate if the indicative power of EIV changes over a large geographic gradient and to analyse the potential causes of such changes.LocationSweden.TaxonVascular plants.MethodsWe used data on forest understorey vegetation and soils from >15,000 plots from the Swedish National Forest Inventory to model how the relationship between community mean EIV and measured environmental variables changes along an extensive latitudinal gradient (>15°). We used Generalized Additive Mixed Models to account for the inventory design, and for potential nonlinearities in the relationship between the mean EIV and the environmental variables. Additionally, Huisman–Olff–Fresco (HOF) models were developed for the relationship between the incidence probability and the environmental variables to analyse if the widths of species niches change along the geographic gradient.ResultsOur study shows that EIV for N (nutrients), R (pH) and T (temperature) are useful as far north as the Arctic Circle, while those for K (continentality) showed a much weaker relationship with measured continentality. However, the indicative power of the EIV for N and R gradually became weaker towards the north along with shifts towards larger environmental niche widths of the indicator species.Main conclusionsEIV are useful indicators of soil conditions in boreal forests located far north of Central Europe. However, the drop in indicative power in the northernmost regions due to increasing environmental niche widths needs to be taken into account when applying EIV along long geographic gradients to avoid spatial bias.
Associations between resting heart rate, hypertension, and stroke: A population‐based cross‐sectional study
Authors: Hu Lihua , Huang Xiao , Zhou Wei , You Chunjiao , Liang Qian , Zhou Di , Li Juxiang , Li Ping , Wu Yanqing , Wu Qinghua , Wang Zengwu , Gao Runlin , Bao Huihui , Cheng Xiaoshu 
Published: April 2019

Uncertainty remains regarding the association between resting heart rate (RHR) with hypertension and stroke because of limited and inconsistent data. We assessed the association between RHR, hypertension, and stroke. In this cross‐sectional study, 14 677 participants from the China Hypertension Survey study were analyzed. The history of stroke was conducted by questionnaires. RHR was measured by the standardized electronic monitors. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate the association between RHR, hypertension, and stroke. Moreover, a generalized additive model (GAM) and smooth curve fitting (penalized spline method) were conducted to assess the association between RHR and stroke in different status of hypertension. Overall, each 10 beats per minute (bpm) increase in RHR was associated with an 18% increased prevalence of stroke (P = 0.017). Subjects with RHR > 80 bpm were associated with a higher prevalence of stroke (OR = 1.47; 95% CI, 1.08‐2.01) compared with those with RHR ≤ 80 bpm. Similarly, hypertensives had a higher prevalence of stroke than normotensives (OR = 3.76; 95% CI, 2.39‐5.92). Hypertensives with RHR > 80 bpm had the highest prevalence of stroke compared with their counterparts (OR = 5.47; 95% CI, 3.13‐9.56). The fully adjusted smooth curve fitting presented a linear association between RHR and stroke among participants with hypertension, but almost horizontal association among participants without hypertension. In conclusion, elevated RHR and hypertension were independently and jointly associated with the increased prevalence of stroke. These findings suggested that elevated RHR was associated with increased prevalence of stroke especially among hypertensives.
Rutaecarpine prevents hypertensive cardiac hypertrophy involving the inhibition of Nox4‐ROS‐ADAM17 pathway
Authors: Zeng Si‐yu , Yang Li , Lu Hui‐qin , Yan Qiu‐jiang , Gao Ling , Qin Xu‐ping 
Published: April 2019

AbstractRutaecarpine attenuates hypertensive cardiac hypertrophy in the rats with abdominal artery constriction (AAC); however, its mechanism of action remains largely unknown. Our previous study indicated that NADPH oxidase 4 (Nox4) promotes angiotensin II (Ang II)‐induced cardiac hypertrophy through the pathway between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and a disintegrin and metalloproteinase‐17 (ADAM17) in primary cardiomyocytes. This research aimed to determine whether the Nox4‐ROS‐ADAM17 pathway is involved in the protective action of rutaecarpine against hypertensive cardiac hypertrophy. AAC‐induced hypertensive rats were adopted to evaluate the role of rutaecarpine in hypertensive cardiac hypertrophy. Western blotting and real‐time PCR were used to detect gene expression. Rutaecarpine inhibited hypertensive cardiac hypertrophy in AAC‐induced hypertensive rats. These findings were confirmed by the results of in vitro experiments that rutaecarpine significantly inhibited Ang II‐induced cardiac hypertrophy in primary cardiomyocytes. Likewise, rutaecarpine significantly suppressed the Nox4‐ROS‐ADAM17 pathway and over‐activation of extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 pathway in the left ventricle of AAC‐induced hypertensive rats and primary cardiomyocytes stimulated with Ang II. The inhibition of Nox4‐ROS‐ADAM17 pathway and over‐activation of ERK1/2 might be associated with the beneficial role of rutaecarpine in hypertensive cardiac hypertrophy, thus providing additional evidence for preventing hypertensive cardiac hypertrophy with rutaecarpine.
Interactive association of lipopolysaccharide and free fatty acid with the prevalence of type 2 diabetes: A community‐based cross‐sectional study
Authors: Huang Xiuji , Yan Dan , Xu Mingtong , Li Feng , Ren Meng , Zhang Jin , Wu Muchao 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAims/IntroductionIncreased blood lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or free fatty acid (FFA) levels correlate with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the interactive effect of serum LPS and FFA levels on the prevalence of type 2 diabetes.Materials and MethodsThis cross‐sectional study included 2,553 community‐dwelling Chinese adults. Fasting serum LPS levels were determined using the Limulus Amebocyte Lysate Chromogenic Endpoint assay, and FFA levels were determined using an enzymatic method. The participants were divided into three groups according to the tertiles of LPS or FFA levels or nine groups according to the tertiles of LPS and FFA levels. The odd ratios (ORs) for type 2 diabetes were estimated using logistic regression analysis.ResultsWe found that higher serum LPS or FFA levels were associated with higher high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein levels (P < 0.001), homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance levels (P < 0.001) and ORs for type 2 diabetes (P < 0.01). Meanwhile, there were significant interactions between LPS and FFA in terms of the high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein level (P < 0.001), homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance level (P < 0.001) and ORs for type 2 diabetes (P < 0.001). In the fully adjusted logistic regression model, the OR for participants with type 2 diabetes in the higher LPS and FFA level group were 6.58 (95% confidence interval 3.05–14.18, P < 0.001) compared with that in participants in the lower LPS and FFA level group.ConclusionsThe interaction between LPS and FFA was associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes in community‐dwelling Chinese adults.
Monitoring of tropical freshwater fish resources for sustainable use
Authors: Elliott Vittoria L. , Chheng Phen , Uy Sophorn , Holtgrieve Gordon W. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractTropical freshwater ecosystems are some of the world's most biodiverse and productive systems where determining what sustainable exploitation of inland fisheries looks like is particularly challenging. One of the greatest obstacles to sustainable management is collecting and using quality data on fish production and yield. The biodiversity and hydro‐ecology of these systems often under open‐access governance, add to the complexity of managing them. This paper describes an integrated citizen‐science, earth observation, environmental DNA and independent survey approach to collecting fish and fisheries data, using the Cambodian Mekong as a case study.
Methacarn preserves mucus integrity and improves visualization of amoebae in gills of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.)
Authors: Fernandez Carolina , Mascolo Dario , Monaghan Sean J. , Baily Johanna L. , Chalmers Lynn , Paladini Giuseppe , Adams Alexandra , Bron James E. , Fridman Sophie 
Published: April 2019

AbstractTwo aqueous fixation methods (modified Davidson's solution and modified Davidson's solution with 2% (w/v) Alcian blue) were compared against two non‐aqueous fixation methods (methacarn solution and methacarn solution with 2% (w/v) Alcian blue) along with the standard buffered formalin fixation method to (a) improve preservation of the mucous coat on Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., gills and (b) to examine the interaction between the amoebae and mucus on the gill during an infection with amoebic gill disease. Aqueous fixatives demonstrated excellent cytological preservation but failed to deliver the preservation of the mucus when compared to the non‐aqueous‐based fixatives; qualitative and semi‐quantitative analysis revealed a greater preservation of the gill mucus using the non‐aqueous methacarn solution. A combination of this fixation method and an Alcian blue/Periodic acid–Schiff staining was tested in gills of Atlantic salmon infected with amoebic gill disease; lectin labelling was also used to confirm the mucus preservation in the methacarn‐fixed tissue. Amoebae were observed closely associated with the mucus demonstrating that the techniques employed for preservation of the mucous coat can indeed avoid the loss of potential mucus‐embedded parasites, thus providing a better understanding of the relationship between the mucus and parasite.
Introducing Aquifer Geriatrics, the American Geriatrics Society National Online Curriculum
Authors: Sehgal Mandi , Syed Quratulain , Callahan Kathryn E. , Powers Becky B. , Eleazer G. Paul , Gleason Lauren L. , Ramaswamy Ravishankar , Sauvigne Karen , Leipzig Rosanne M. , Shah Amit 
Published: April 2019

Aquifer Geriatrics, formerly web‐based Geriatrics Education Modules, was initially developed through Donald W. Reynolds Foundation funding, and is now the national curriculum of the American Geriatrics Society and the Association of Directors of Geriatric Academic Programs. Aquifer Geriatrics consists of 26 evidence‐based, peer‐reviewed, online case‐based modules based on the Association of American Medical Colleges/John A. Hartford Foundation Minimum Geriatrics Competencies for Medical Students and is available by subscription at www.aquifer.org/courses.This curriculum aims to help address the national shortage of geriatrics educators, complement current teaching, bridge content gaps in geriatrics education, and standardize geriatrics‐focused educational content. This report will describe the development of Aquifer Geriatrics, highlight best practices to incorporate cases in a variety of teaching settings, describe teaching methods that utilize the curriculum to create a robust experience for learners, and address the cost of obtaining the curriculum. J Am Geriatr Soc 67:811–817, 2019.
Interfacial fracture toughness of self‐adhesive and conventional flowable composites to dentin using different dentin pretreatments
Authors: Keshvad Mohammad A. , Hooshmand Tabassom , Behroozibakhsh Marjan , Davaei Sotoodeh 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAimThe aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of different dentin pretreatments on the interfacial fracture toughness of a self‐adhesive flowable composite to dentin compared with that of a conventional flowable composite.MethodsCaries‐free human molars were sectioned to expose the underlying dentin and were randomly divided into seven groups (N = 12) of dentin pretreatments bonded to a self‐adhesive flowable composite (Vetise Flow, VF) or a conventional flowable composite (Clearfil Magesty Flow, CM). For VF; Control group (group C‐VF), there was no pretreatment, self‐etching primer (SP), oxalate dentin desensitizer (OX), and chlorhexidine gluconate (CH) were used. For CM; SP (group SP‐CM), OX followed by SP (OX‐CM), and CH followed by SP (CH‐CM) were used. The interfacial fracture toughness was measured using a universal testing machine. Data were analyzed by Kruskal‐Wallis test and analysis of variance.ResultsFor VF, the fracture toughness of SP‐VF was significantly higher than that of other groups. For CM, a significantly higher fracture toughness for SP‐CM than that of OX‐CM was found. For all dentin pretreatments, the fracture toughness values were significantly higher for CM compared with the VF.ConclusionsThe self‐adhesive flowable composite had reduced bonding efficacy to dentin compared with that of the conventional flowable composite, regardless of the type of dentin pretreatment.