bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oral and dental findings in emanuel syndrome
Authors: Puranik Chaitanya P. , Katechia Bina 
Published: April 2019

AbstractEmanuel Syndrome (ES; OMIM# 609029) is a rare disorder caused by an unbalanced chromosomal translocation [supernumerary der(22)t(11,22)] and characterized by multiple congenital abnormalities. With limited published cases and low prevalence (1:110 000), detailed ES‐associated oro‐dental findings have not previously been reported. This is a case report of a 14‐year‐old boy with ES who presented with congenital cardiac, renal, auditory, musculoskeletal problems, and global developmental delay. The patient was managed with risperidone, melatonin, omeprazole, guanfacine, and oxcarbazepine. Anxiety‐associated self‐injurious behaviour was seen along with stereotypic hand movements. Consistent with previous reports, microcephaly and micrognathia were noted. Oro‐facial cleft or gross asymmetry, however, was not observed. Significant oro‐dental findings included delayed eruption of primary and permanent teeth, oligodontia (two erupted and five unerupted permanent teeth), and short‐root anomaly of central incisors. The patient demonstrated anxiety‐triggered bruxism with generalized attrition. This case report provides a comprehensive list of systemic ES findings along with oro‐dental manifestations, which have previously not been reported in detail.
Enhanced piezoelectricity and temperature stability in LaFeO3‐modified KNN‐based lead‐free ceramics
Authors: Wang Ting , Wu Chao , Xing Jie , Wu Jiagang , Li‐Chen Bowen , Xu Xingyu , Wang Ke , Zhu Jianguo 
Published: April 2019

Abstract(0.96‐x)K0.48Na0.52NbO3‐0.04Bi0.5Na0.5ZrO3‐xLaFeO3 ceramics (abbreviated as KNN‐BNZ‐LF1000x) with enhanced piezoelectric performance and temperature stability were prepared by the conventional solid‐state sintering method. It was found that the incorporation of LaFeO3 gradually shifted the O‐T phase boundary toward room temperature, while maintaining the Curie temperature above 300°C. The optimal piezoelectricity was found at x = 0.006, with relatively high piezoelectric constant d33 of 345 pC/N as well as a high level of unipolar strain (0.126% at 3 kV/mm). Benefiting from the diffused phase transition induced by appropriate amount of LaFeO3 content, the KNN‐BNZ‐LF6 sample possessed greatly enhanced the temperature stability of , which varied less than 8% in the temperature range of 20°C‐100°C.
Alkali binding by magnesium silicate hydrates
Authors: Bernard Ellina , Lothenbach Barbara , Pochard Isabelle , Cau‐Dit‐Coumes Céline 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe binding of Na+, K+, and Li+ by magnesium silicate hydrate (M–S–H) was investigated in batch sorption experiments. Sorption isotherms and cation exchange measurements indicated the binding of alkalis in cation exchange sites compensating the negative surface charge of M–S–H. Higher pH values led to further deprotonation of the silanol groups and a higher alkali uptake by M–S–H. No significant incorporation of alkalis in the main silica or magnesium oxide sheets was observed. However, the silica sheets were less polymerized in the presence of higher alkali hydroxide concentrations.
Managing relational autonomy in interactions: People with intellectual disabilities
Authors: Dowling Sandra , Williams Val , Webb Joe , Gall Marina , Worrall Deborah 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackgroundThis article is about interactions that occur when someone with intellectual disabilities is engaged in everyday activities with a personal assistant (PA) or a support worker.MethodWe examine the detail of nine hours of naturally occurring video‐recorded interactions, to explore how “relational autonomy” is done in practice. Nine people with ID and seven staff took part in the research, which took place in England from 2016–17.ResultsWe selected six extracts to illustrate different types of joint decision‐making. Informed by inclusive research with a drama group of people with intellectual disabilities, we focus on the ways in which (a) future plans are discussed; (b) choices are offered during an activity; (c) people reflect on their decisions.ConclusionThe article concludes with discussion about the teaching and learning content of choice‐making, on relational autonomy, and the practice learning for PAs, support workers and for people with intellectual disabilities.
Molecular operational taxonomic units reveal restricted geographic ranges and regional endemism in the Indo‐Pacific octocoral family Xeniidae
Authors: McFadden Catherine S. , Gonzalez Asaul , Imada Rei , Shi Sara S. , Hong Prudence , Ekins Merrick , Benayahu Yehuda 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAimTo quantify taxon diversity, biogeographic distributions and patterns of community assembly in xeniid octocorals using molecular operational taxonomic units (MOTUs).LocationRed Sea, Indian and western Pacific Oceans.TaxonXeniidae, a family of reef‐dwelling octocorals (Anthozoa, Octocorallia).MethodsXeniids collected at 13 locations were sequenced at three barcode loci, and assigned to MOTUs defined by minimum genetic distance thresholds. Taxon richness (number of MOTUs) and endemicity (per cent of MOTUs found at a single location) were quantified. Patterns of β‐diversity (species turnover) and phylogenetic β‐diversity (lineage turnover) among geographical regions were visualized using hierarchical clustering, non‐metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) plots and distance‐decay relationships. Community assembly was investigated by comparing the mean pairwise distance (MPD) and mean nearest taxon distance (MNTD) separating species in each assemblage to values generated for null communities.ResultsA genetic distance threshold of 0.3% discriminated 67 MOTUs, with taxon richness ranging from 2–18 MOTUs per site. Out of the 67 MOTUs, 48 (72%) were found at only a single location, and only two spanned both the western Indian and Pacific Oceans. Species turnover among sites was high, but phylogenetic β‐diversity was lower than β‐diversity and differed significantly from null models of community assembly at only two sites. β‐diversity and phylogenetic β‐diversity both increased significantly with geographic distance, and sites clustered into three distinct biogeographic regions (Red Sea and western Indian Ocean; Western Australia; western Pacific Ocean and Great Barrier Reef, Australia). All five major clades of xeniids were represented in each region.Main conclusionsA genetic approach to biodiversity estimation suggests that most xeniid taxa are regional endemics whose geographic distribution is likely governed by dispersal limitation. This conclusion contrasts with published records of certain morphospecies occurrences, which imply that they have broad geographic ranges. So far, the distribution of xeniid biodiversity mirrors that of scleractinian corals, with species richness highest in the Coral Triangle, but endemicity peaking in peripheral areas.
Impact of updated pediatric hypertension guidelines on progression from elevated blood pressure to hypertension in a community‐based primary care population
Authors: Kharbanda Elyse O. , Asche Steve E. , Dehmer Steven P. , Sinaiko Alan R. , Ekstrom Heidi L. , Trower Nicole , O'Connor Patrick J. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractIn 2017, definitions for pediatric hypertension were updated. A threshold of 130/80 mm Hg was introduced for stage 1 hypertension in adolescents, and children with obesity were removed from the reference population, lowering the 95th percentile, compared to the 2004 Fourth Report. The impact of these changes on care for youth with elevated blood pressure has not been well described. The objective of this study was to compare the 2017 and 2004 criteria for hypertension, evaluating how they impact estimates of risks for elevated blood pressure to progress to hypertension. Data came from youth 10‐17 years of age with ≥2 elevated blood pressure measurements (≥90th percentile or ≥120/80 mm Hg) between 04/15/2014 and 04/14/2016 and three additional measurements over two subsequent years. Blood pressures were recorded in primary care practices within a large health system, as part of routine care. Rates of incident hypertension following persistent elevated blood pressure based on the 2017 guidelines vs the 2004 Fourth Report were compared. We found, among 2025 youth with persistent elevated blood pressure, 46% were female and mean age was 14.6 years. Over 2 years of follow‐up, progression to hypertension occurred in 5.9% using the 2017 guidelines vs 1.1% using 2004 Fourth Report definitions. Using the 2017 criteria, progression was most common in older youth and those with obesity. In conclusion, for most youth, elevated blood pressure does not progress to hypertension within 2 years. However, progression from elevated blood pressure to hypertension was more than 5‐fold greater when applying the 2017 guidelines compared to the older 2004 Fourth Report criteria.
Long‐term stability of root coverage procedures for single gingival recessions: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Dai Anna , Huang Jia‐Ping , Ding Pei‐Hui , Chen Li‐Li 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAimTo evaluate the long‐term (≥2 years) stability of root coverage procedures for single gingival recessions.Materials and MethodsA complete literature search was performed up to July 2018. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) following ≥2 years were selected. Primary outcomes were complete root coverage (CRC) and mean root coverage (MRC). Secondary outcomes were width of keratinized tissue (KTW) and patient‐centred parameters. Meta‐analysis was conducted when possible.ResultsA total of fifteenRCTs were included. The results demonstrated significantly higherMRCin short‐term than long‐term after coronally advanced flap (CAF; 7.29%,p = 0.006). WhenCAFcombined with connective tissue graft (CTG), no significant difference was observed inCRCorMRCfor short‐term versus long‐term (1.00,p = 0.97; 2.35%,p = 0.09), and it resulted in better long‐term efficacy thanCAFalone in terms ofCRC(0.69,p = 0.0006) andKTW(−0.63 mm,p = 0.04). ForCAFplus enamel matrix derivative, the meta‐analysis showed no significant difference between the short‐term and long‐term results ofCRC(1.26,p = 0.21).ConclusionsCAFalone could result in decreased postoperative percentage of root coverage with time.CAF + CTGcould maintain long‐term stability and result in better root coverage outcomes thanCAF.
Infrabony defects 20 years after open flap debridement and guided tissue regeneration
Authors: Petsos Hari , Ratka‐Krüger Petra , Neukranz Erik , Raetzke Peter , Eickholz Peter , Nickles Katrin 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAimEvaluation of 20‐year results after open flap debridement (OFD) and guided tissue regeneration (GTR) of infrabony defects in a randomized controlled trial.Materials and methodsIn originally 16 periodontitis patients (baseline examination), periodontal surgery was performed in 44 infrabony defects. Polylactide acetyltributyl citrate barriers were randomly assigned to 23 out of these 44 defects (parallel). Ten of these patients (GTR) exhibited a second, contra‐lateral defect (OFD) each (split‐mouth). At baseline, 12, 120 and 240 ± 12 months after surgery probing depths, attachment level, bleeding on probing as well was Plaque Index, Gingival Bleeding Index and plaque control record were obtained.ResultsTwelve patients contributing 38 defects were available at 240 months. At 12, 120 and 240 ± 12 months, both groups showed significant (p < 0.01) attachment gain (split‐mouth: OFD: 12 months: 4.15 ± 2.93 mm; 120 months: 3.35 ± 2.37 mm, 240 months: 3.60 ± 2.55 mm; GTR: 12 months: 3.50 ± 2.47 mm; 120 months: 3.90 ± 2.76 mm, 240 months: 3.80 ± 2.69 mm; parallel: OFD: 12 months: 3.53 ± 2.04 mm; 120 months: 3.59 ± 2.54 mm, 240 months: 3.53 ± 2.50 mm; GTR: 12 months: 4.07 ± 2.88 mm; 120 months: 3.13 ± 2.22 mm, 240 months: 3.13 ± 2.22 mm). Seven teeth (3 OFD, 4 GTR) were lost. Only 1 patient out of 12 was kept in regular supportive periodontal therapy (SPT) over 20 years. The study failed to show significant attachment gain differences between both groups after 240 months.ConclusionsTwenty years after OFD and GTR in infrabony defects in a population with lack of regular SPT attachment gains at 12 months after surgery were stable. About 82% of the initially included teeth were still in place.
Prevalence and risk indicators of peri‐implantitis in a sample of university‐based dental patients in Italy: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Vignoletti Fabio , Di Domenico Giovanna Laura , Di Martino Maria , Montero Eduardo , de Sanctis Massimo 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAimReports regarding prevalence of peri‐implant diseases show widely varying prevalence rates, which can be explained partially by variable diagnostic criteria adopted. Furthermore, several different factors have been associated with peri‐implant diseases. Hence, the aim of this cross‐sectional study is to (a) determine the prevalence, extent and severity of peri‐implant diseases in patients enrolled in a university dental clinic and (b) to evaluate the association between peri‐implantitis and patient/implant‐related factors.Material and MethodsA total of 237 subjects from the Dental Department of Vita‐Salute San Raffaele University (Milan, Italy) with 831 implants with more than 1 year of follow‐up after loading were clinically evaluated. Implants showing bleeding on probing (BOP), with or without suppuration, and/or probing pocket depth (PPD) ≥ 4 mm, were radiographically analysed. Demographic and clinical data were collected to evaluate by multilevel regression analysis association with peri‐implantitis.ResultsThe prevalence of peri‐implant mucositis and peri‐implantitis was 38.8% and 35%, respectively. Patients with a FMBS > 25%, having ≥4 implants as well as implants with plaque, PPD ≥ 4 mm or less than 1 mm of keratinized mucosa presented higher odds ratios for peri‐implantitis.ConclusionsPeri‐implant diseases are frequent conditions affecting >70% of the patients. Several patient/implant‐related factors may influence the risk for peri‐implantitis.
Fifteen‐year gap between oral health of blacks and whites in the USA
Authors: Nalliah Romesh P. , Virun Vladyslav , Dhaliwal Gurmukh , Kaur Harleen , Kote Anuradha 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAimThe purpose of the present study was to consider racial differences across three survey questions related to adult oral health in the National Oral Health Surveillance System (NOHSS) between 1999 and 2014.MethodsThe NOHSS tracks population‐level progress made toward improved oral health in the USA. NOHSS adult indicators of oral health data were extracted for 1999‐2014, and trends were studied by race.ResultsAmong adults ≥18 years in 1999, 70.7% of whites and 60.3% of blacks had visited a dentist in the past year. By 2014, 68.4% of whites and 56.5% of blacks had visited a dentist in the past year. Among adults aged ≥65 years in 1999, 24.5% of whites and 33.2% of blacks had lost all natural teeth due to dental caries or gingival/periodontal disease. By 2014, 14.3% of whites and 22.1% of blacks had lost all natural teeth.ConclusionsThere have been overall gains in key indicators of oral health in the USA; however, blacks remain far behind whites in the NOHSS adult oral health indicators.
Impact of low ghrelin level in patients with postadolescent acne
Authors: Abdel Rahman Sherine , El Esaway Fatma 
Published: April 2019

SummaryBackgroundGhrelin is a 28 amino acid peptide predominantly produced by the stomach. There are many putative roles for ghrelin beyond homeostatic appetite control.Aim of the workTo determine ghrelin's level in postadolescent acne and study its relationship to plasma lipid profile, IR and acne severity and to correlate variables.Patients and methodsThis is a case‐control study where 50 patients with postadolescent acne and 50 age‐sex compatible controls were enrolled. Acne severity was assessed according to the Hayashi acne grading criteria. The parameters measured were serum level of ghrelin, fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, low‐density lipoprotein, high‐density lipoprotein, triglycerides, and insulin.ResultsThe mean serum level of Ghrelin was significantly lower in patients compared to control group and acne severity had a significant effect on ghrelin's level. Serum levels of insulin, fasting glucose, HOMA‐IR, and TG were significantly increased in patients group compared to control. Serum TC, HDL, and LDL showed no significant difference between both studied groups. Ghrelin hormone had a positive correlation to HDL and a negative correlation to BMI, LDL, HOMA‐IR, and Insulin.ConclusionThis study postulated that low level of ghrelin may predispose patients with postadolescent acne to hyperinsulinemia, type 2 diabetes or dyslipidemia.
Abnormalities in endothelial form of nitric oxide synthase is pathogenic in limited cutaneous systemic sclerosis
Authors: Jia Xiu‐Juan , Mu Qi‐Ri , Lei Tie‐Chi 
Published: April 2019

SummaryBackgroundLimited cutaneous systemic sclerosis is one subtype of systemic sclerosis which is characterized by a prototypic multisystem fibrotic disorder.ObjectiveThis study aimed to further investigate the pathological mechanism of limited cutaneous systemic sclerosis (lcSSc).MethodsThe dataset GSE76807 generated from 10 lcSSc patients and five healthy controls was used. After the preprocessing of the original data, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified and then performed functional analysis, protein–protein interaction (PPI) network and module analysis. Additionally, the transcription factors (TFs) and miRNAs which potentially regulating DEGs were identified and the co‐regulatory network was constructed. Finally, DEGs targeted by current drugs were identified. Real‐time quantitative PCR analyses of some DEGs in mice with lcSSc were performed.ResultsTotal 203 up‐regulated and 189 down‐regulated DEGs were obtained. The up‐regulated genes were enriched in protein interactions at the synapses neuronal system, NCAM1 interactions, and CREB phosphorylation through the activation of CaMKII, while, cilium assembly, and endothelial form of nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) activation were enriched by down‐regulated genes. SCRT2 and RABEP1 regulated by miR‐218 were hub nodes in the network. DRD4 and GRIN2D were the main drug targets. RABEP1 and SSB were found lowly expressed in mice model with lcSSc.ConclusionEndothelial form of NOS activation would be suppressed, and the process of neuronal migration and outgrowth would be activated to participant in the pathological mechanism of lcSSc.
An overview of herbal alternatives in androgenetic alopecia
Authors: Dhariwala Maria Yusuf , Ravikumar Padmini 
Published: April 2019

SummaryThe second most common alopecia—Androgenetic alopecia (AGA)—occurs due to hormonal imbalance. Dihydrotestosterone (DHT) an androgenic hormone is a sex steroid, produced in the gonads. The target sites of DHT are similar to that of testosterone, and it attaches easily remaining bound for 53 minutes as compared to 35 minutes of testosterone. Excess of DHT causes miniaturization of hair reducing the anagen phase and increasing the telogen phase leading to hair loss. Normally up to ten percent of testosterone in the body irreversibly gets converted into DHT by the action of enzyme 5‐alpha‐reductase. Inadequate blood flow to the scalp can also be another reason for hair loss encountered due to lower oxygen and nutrients reaching it. AGA affects both sexes; however in males, it leads to major hair loss. Conventional drugs such as minoxidil and finasteride are widely used for the treatment. However, several drawbacks such as allergic contact dermatitis, burning, ejaculation disorder, and decreased libido are reported. Available literature suggests the role of herbal drugs to have the action against 5‐alpha‐reductase enzyme inhibiting it and reducing the hair loss. This can be further potentiated since they exhibit lesser side effects. Recent advancements observed in the medicinal, cosmetic, and engineering fields can prove to be an asset. This article focuses on herbs which can be used in AGA. A review of Saw palmetto (Serenoa repens), Green tea (Camellia sinensis), Pumpkin seed (Curcurbita pepo), Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis), Grape seed (Vitis vinifera), and Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) is attempted.
Skin sebum and skin elasticity: Major influencing factors for facial pores
Authors: Hameed Abdul , Akhtar Naveed , Khan Haji Muhammad Shoaib , Asrar Muhammad 
Published: April 2019

SummaryObjectiveThe current research work was initiated to develop anti‐aging phytocosmetic formulation of phytoantioxidant, to evaluate their effect on human skin, and to link R parameters of skin with skin sebum and aging.MethodsAccording to COLIPA, 10 healthy male volunteers, aged between 20 and 30 years, having no skin infection or other hypersensitivity disorders, were included in the study. The effect of formulation was evaluated on skin pores and skin elasticity on cheeks for 90 days at regular interval. Various parameters of visible facial pores were assessed using the Skin VisioFace®, Cutometer®, Elastometer®, and Sebumeter®. These data were compared and correlated to examine the possible relationship between visible facial pores, skin elasticity, and skin sebum.ResultsFrom R0 to R9, R0, R5, and R9 were negatively correlated with elasticity while R7 shows a positive correlation with elasticity. R7 parameter of Cutometer® was negatively correlated with facial large pores (r = −0.337, P = 0.033). R9 parameter of Cutometer® was significantly positively correlated with facial large pores (r = 0.54, P = 0.000).ConclusionWe could assume that the enhancement of skin elasticity would be the fundamental strategies in the prevention of size and count of visible facial pores (fine and large) by the application of formulation containing natural compounds.
A cream of herbal mixture to improve melasma
Authors: Zhang Qiongyu , Tu Ying , Gu Hua , Sun Dongjie , Wu Wenjuan , Man Mao‐Qiang , Chen Hongduo , Liu Haiyang , Ma Xiao , He Li 
Published: April 2019

SummaryBackgroundMelasma is an acquired, common hyperpigmented disorder on the face. While many therapeutic approaches are available, their efficacy is moderate.ObjectiveTo investigate the safety and efficacy of a cream containing herbal mixture for melasma.MethodsA total of 90 volunteers with melasma were enrolled in this randomized, double‐blind, controlled clinical study, and they were randomly divided into three groups (A, B, and C). Patients in group A were treated with a cream containing herbal mixture, while groups B and C were treated with arbutin cream and placebo, respectively, twice daily for 12 weeks. Melasma area and severity index (MASI) score, melanin index (MI), erythema index (EI), changes in density of inflammatory cells, and adverse events were evaluated every 4 weeks.ResultsAlthough MASI scores declined significantly in both groups A and B (P < 0.05), a greater reduction was seen in group A (13.00−9.82 = 3.18 for group A; 12.65−10.84 = 1.81 for group B). Moreover, the cream containing herbal mixture, but not arbutin cream and placebo, significantly reduced EI and density of inflammatory cells after 12‐week treatment (P < 0.05). No adverse reactions were observed in either group A or group C. In group B, two subjects experienced mild erythema and itching, which disappeared after stop using the arbutin cream.ConclusionThe cream containing herbal mixture is safe and effective for melasma.