bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Frequency and severity of hypersensitivity reactions in patients after VenaSeal™ cyanoacrylate treatment of superficial venous insufficiency
Authors: Gibson Kathleen , Minjarez Renee , Rinehardt Elena , Ferris Brian 
Published: September 2019

Objective Hypersensitivity reaction presenting as a distinctive erythematous rash has been reported following VenaSeal™ cyanoacrylate adhesive closure. We report the frequency of hypersensitivity reactions, time to onset, duration, and severity of symptoms in patients treated with cyanoacrylate adhesive closure at a single institution. Patient and procedural factors associated with hypersensitivity reactions were evaluated. Methods A combined retrospective/prospective review of cyanoacrylate adhesive closure-treated patients was conducted over five years. Data collected from electronic medical records were reviewed for the presence of hypersensitivity reactions along with the time of onset, duration of symptoms, and severity of reaction. Severity was classified as mild if no treatment or over the counter medication was provided, moderate if steroids were required, and severe if the reaction lasted >30 days or required vein excision. Results Three hundred and seventy-nine limbs were treated in 286 patients (313 treatment days). Hypersensitivity reactions occurred in 18 patients (5.8% treatments, 6.3% patients). Thirteen were mild (4.2%), four were moderate (1.3%), and one was severe (0.3%). No patient or procedural predictive factors for hypersensitivity reaction were identified other than a trend towards decreased hypersensitivity reactions in patients with Clinical, Etiologic, Anatomic, Pathophysiologic (CEAP) clinical class C4–C6 (p = .06). Second limb treatment on a subsequent day was performed in 27 patients, and no hypersensitivity reactions occurred. Symptom onset time ranged from 1 to 23 days, with a mean of 13 days (confidence interval (CI) ±3.5 days). Duration of symptoms ranged from 3 to 28 days (mean 10.8 CI ±4.9 days). Conclusions Hypersensitivity reactions occurred in 6.0% of patients treated with cyanoacrylate adhesive closure, but most were mild and self-limited. Severe reactions were uncommon. No predictive patient or procedural factors were found to be associated with hypersensitivity reactions other than a trend towards decreased risk in patients with advanced CEAP clinical class. Previous cyanoacrylate adhesive closure treatment was not a predictive factor for hypersensitivity reaction in patients undergoing treatment at a later date.
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Knowledge Among Women of Reproductive Age in Southern Nigeria: Implications for Diabetes Education
Authors: Ogu Rosemary N. , Maduka Omosivie , Agala Vetty , Alamina Folusho , Adebiyi Obelebra , Edewor Ufuoma , Porbeni Ibimonye , Abam Claribel 
Published: September 2019

Background Diabetes mellitus (DM) has attained the status of an epidemic in slow motion. Gestational DM (GDM) is a subtype of DM, which occurs in pregnancy. As part of a baseline assessment, the knowledge of GDM was determined among women of reproductive age. Methods The study was a descriptive cross-sectional household survey involving 2,595 women of reproductive age residing in five local government areas in Southern Nigeria. It employed a multistage sampling technique to collect data using an interviewer administered questionnaire built using Open Data Kit software uploaded on android mobile phones. Results The response rate was 100%. Mean age was 29.25 ± 7.11 years. The majority (2,351; 90.6%) had heard about DM but only 991 (38.2%) knew that diabetes can occur for the first time in pregnancy. Only 747 (28.8%), 929 (35.8%), and 790 (30.4%) respondents had good knowledge scores for GDM definition and risk factors, GDM screening diagnosis and treatment, and GDM complications, respectively. Only 681 (26.2%) had good overall knowledge of GDM. The major sources of knowledge of GDM were from friends (49.8%), health workers (34.6%), and mass media (10.4%). Residence in two urban local government areas (adjusted odds ratio [adj OR] = 1.79; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.36–2.34 and adj OR = 1.89; 95% CI = 1.37–2.61), being married (adj OR = 1.50; 95% CI = 1.16–1.95), and having been pregnant (adj OR = 2.69; 95% CI = 1.99–3.64) positively predicted good overall knowledge of GDM. Conclusion These results underscore the need for diabetes information and education activities on a large scale targeted at women of reproductive age and their partners for the prevention and control of GDM.
The relationship of thyroid nodule size on malignancy risk according to histological type of thyroid cancer
Authors: Chung Sae Rom , Baek Jung Hwan , Choi Young Jun , Sung Tae-Yon , Song Dong Eun , Kim Tae Yong , Lee Jeong Hyun 
Published: September 2019

Background Although several studies have examined the value of thyroid nodule size as a malignancy predictor, the results are conflicting. Purpose To investigate the relationship between nodule size and malignancy risk and to evaluate the impact of nodule size on the false-negative rate of fine needle aspiration or core needle biopsy according to the histological type of thyroid cancer. Material and Methods From January 2013 to December 2013, 3970 thyroid nodules that underwent ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration or core needle biopsy were retrospectively reviewed. We assessed the relationship between nodule size and malignancy risk according to histological type of thyroid cancer. In addition, we compared the false-negative rate by thyroid nodule size category. Results Of 3970 thyroid nodules, 1170 nodules were malignant. For papillary thyroid carcinoma, nodule size was inversely related to malignancy risk, whereas in nodules of follicular carcinoma and follicular variant papillary thyroid carcinoma, nodule size was positively related to malignancy risk ( P < 0.001). The false-negative rate tended to increase as nodule size increased ( P = 0.002) for all nodules and the overall false-negative rate was 2.3%. Conclusion Overall, nodule size does not correlate with risk of malignancy, but the relationship between nodule size and malignancy risk depends on the histological type of thyroid cancer.
Voice and resistance: Coalminers’ struggles to represent their health and safety interests in Australia and New Zealand 1871–1925
Authors: Walters David , Quinlan Michael 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe activism of coalmining unions in Australia, the UK, the USA and elsewhere securing improvements in safety including better legislation in the 19th and 20th centuries, has been widely researched and acknowledged. However, a relatively neglected aspect of this history was a campaign to secure worker inspectors (check-inspectors). These began in coalmining a century before similar measures were introduced for workers more generally as part of overhauling occupational health and safety laws in the 1970s/1980s. We document this struggle for mine safety in Australia and New Zealand, and the activities of check-inspectors in the period to 1925. Notwithstanding strong opposition from coal-owners and conservative governments, check-inspectors played an important role in safeguarding coalminers and improving the regulatory oversight of coalmines. Check-inspectors not only gave coalminers a ‘voice’ in OHS, but they also provided an exemplar of the value and legitimacy of worker’s ‘knowledge activism’. This system remains. Furthermore, the struggle is relevant to understanding contemporary debates about collective worker involvement in occupational health and safety.
Hemodynamic differences among hypertensive patients with and without heart failure using impedance cardiography
Authors: Silva Lopes Bruno , Craveiro Nuno , Firmino-Machado João , Ribeiro Pedro , Castelo-Branco Miguel 
Published: September 2019

Background: Impedance cardiography is a reliable, well-tolerated, and non-invasive method used to obtain hemodynamic measurements and could potentially be useful in heart failure (HF) diagnosis, hemodynamic monitoring of critically ill patients, and help in the choice of antihypertensive therapy. The objective of this study was to determine the differences between hemodynamic parameters in a study population of hypertensive patients with and without HF, using impedance cardiography. Methods: A case-control study was designed and named the TARGET study. Participants were enrolled in two study groups: control group C, hypertensive patients without HF and the HF group, hypertensive patients with HF. A descriptive analysis was carried out to characterize the sample and differences in continuous variables were tested for statistical significance by independent sample t test. Results: The study included 102 hypertensive outpatients. The control group consisted of 77 individuals (58.4% males; mean age 63.9 ± 12.5 years old) and the HF group consisted of 25 individuals (44.0% males; mean age 74.2 ± 8.7 years old). The mean Cardiac Index (CI) was 2.70 ± 1.02 L.min.m−2 (2.89 ± 1.04 versus 2.12 ± 0.70; p < 0.001), mean Stroke Index (SI) was 35.5 ± 14.7 mL.m−2 (37.7 ± 15.2 versus 28.5 ± 10.8; p = 0.006), mean Ejection Phase Contractility Index (EPCI) was 33.7 ± 12.7 1000 s−2 (35.8 ± 13.1 versus 27.2 ± 9.2; p = 0.003), mean Inotropic State Index (ISI) was 74.3 ± 28.2 100 s−2 (78.8 ± 28.9 versus 60.6 ± 20.7; p = 0.005), and mean Left Stroke Work Index (LSWI) was 51.3 ± 23.1 g.min.m−2 (55.4 ± 23.5 versus 38.9 ± 16.6; p = 0.002). Conclusions: In this study, hypertensive patients with HF had significantly lower values of blood flow parameters, contractility, and left work indices compared with hypertensive patients without HF. These differences reflected the incorrect hemodynamic pattern (mostly hypodynamic) of these patients. Impedance cardiography (ICG) seems to be an adequate method to reflect these differences.
The acceptance of CIRS among orthopedic and trauma surgeons in Germany—Significant gap between positive perception and actual implementation in daily routine
Authors: Sterz Jasmina , Ruesseler Miriam , Seemann Ricarda , Münzberg Matthias , Doepfer Anna Katharina , Stange Richard , Mutschler Manuel , Bouillon Bertil , Egerth Martin 
Published: September 2019

Purpose: Medical errors are the third leading cause of death in the United States after malignant tumors and cardiovascular disease. Handling of errors becomes more and more eclectic due to the implementation of incident reporting systems and the use of checklists. Since 2015, any German hospital would have a critical incident reporting system (CIRS). The aim of this study is to discover the nationwide utilization and attitude toward CIRS of orthopedic and trauma surgeons. Methods: Between April 10, 2015 and May 22, 2015, a web-based questionnaire, which was designed by an expert team consisting of orthopedic and trauma surgeons, aeronautic human factors specialists, and psychologists (Lufthansa Aviation Training), was sent to all members of the German Society for Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery. The survey consisted of three questions regarding CIRS and its use in German hospitals. Results: A total of 669 orthopedic and trauma surgeons working in German hospitals completed the questionnaire. All participants rated CIRS as useful, although 71.3% of participants did not report a critical incident in the last 12 months. In that time period, only 13.4% of participating residents reported at least one incident, but 44.7% of chief physicians reported one incident within the same period. Conclusion: The present study demonstrates that even though CIRS as a tool is positively appreciated by orthopedic and trauma surgeons working in German hospitals, many do not know about its existence at their own hospital. This can be a reason for the low number of critical incidents reported.
Ublituximab and umbralisib in relapsed/refractory B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Lunning Matthew , Vose Julie , Nastoupil Loretta , Fowler Nathan , Burger Jan A. , Wierda William G. , Schreeder Marshall T. , Siddiqi Tanya , Flowers Christopher R. , Cohen Jonathon B. , Sportelli Peter , Miskin Hari P. , Weiss Michael S. , O’Brien Susan 
Published: September 2019

Key Points
U2 exhibited low rates of immune-mediated toxicities associated with other PI3K-δ, including diarrhea, colitis, pneumonia, and hepatic toxicity. This combination had promising preliminary activity across a broad range of B-cell malignancies, including a 17% complete response rate.
Heterogeneity in top management teams and outward foreign direct investment: evidence from Chinese listed companies
Authors: Meng Shuai , Yan Jiayan , Cao Xuebing 
Published: September 2019

AbstractDrawing upon the knowledge-based view and team learning, we investigated how heterogeneity in top management teams (TMTs) in China influences global expansion strategies. Using panel data from Chinese listed firms from 2008 to 2014, we found that TMT functional background heterogeneity could positively affect firms’ commitment to outward foreign direct investment (OFDI), as the diversification of TMT members can enrich the team’s knowledge, facilitate efficient team learning, and enhance the decision-making capacity on overseas expansion. However, tenure heterogeneity may hinder knowledge acquisition and team learning among TMT members, hence undermining firms’ OFDI commitment.
Effect of short-term blood pressure variability on functional outcome after intra-arterial treatment in acute stroke patients with large-vessel occlusion
Authors: Zhang Tianli , Wang Xiaolong , Wen Chao , Zhou Feng , Gao Shengwei , Zhang Xiaodong , Lin Shiqin , Shi Jing , Li Weirong 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Background
Endovascular treatment (EVT) is advocated for acute ischaemic stroke with large-vessel occlusion (LVO), but perioperative periods are challenging. This study investigated the relationship between post-EVT short-term blood pressure variability (BPV) and early outcomes in LVO patients.

Methods
We retrospectively reviewed 72 LVO patients undergoing EVT between June 2015 and June 2018. Hourly systolic and diastolic blood pressures (SBP and DBP, respectively) were recorded in the first 24 h post-EVT. BPV were evaluated as standard deviation (SD), coefficient of variation (CV), and successive variation (SV) separately for SBP and DBP. Functional independence at 3 months was defined as a modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score of 0–2.

Results
For 58.3% patients with favorable outcomes, the median National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale and Alberta Stroke Program Early CT scores on admission were 14 and 8, respectively. The maximum SBP ([154.3 ± 16.8] vs. [163.5 ± 15.6], P = 0.02), systolic CV ([8. 8% ± 2.0%] vs. [11.0% ± 1.8], P < 0.001), SV ([11.4 ± 2.3] vs. [14.6 ± 2.0], P < 0.001), and SD ([10.5 ± 2.4] vs. [13.8 ± 3.9], P < 0.001) were lower in patients with favorable outcomes. On multivariable logistic regression analysis, systolic SV (OR: 4.273, 95% CI: 1.030 to 17.727, P = 0.045) independently predicted unfavorable prognosis. The area under the curve was 0.868 (95% CI: 0.781 to 0.955, P < 0.001), and sensitivity and specificity were 93.3% and 73.8%, respectively, showing excellent predictive value for 3-month poor-outcomes.

Conclusions
Decreased systolic SV following intra-arterial therapies result in favorable outcomes at 3 months. Systolic SV may be a novel predictor of functional prognosis in LVO patients.
Pregnancy related risk perception in pregnant women, midwives & doctors: a cross-sectional survey
Authors: Lee Suzanne , Holden Des , Webb Rebecca , Ayers Susan 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Background
Risk perception in relation to pregnancy and birth is a complex process influenced by multiple personal, psychological and societal factors. Traditionally, the risk perception of healthcare professionals has been presented as more objective and authoritative than that of pregnant women. Doctors have been presented as more concerned with biomedical risk than midwives. Such dichotomies oversimplify and obscure the complexity of the process. This study examines pregnancy-related risk perception in women and healthcare professionals, and what women and professionals believe about each other’s risk perception.

Methods
A cross sectional survey of set in UK maternity services. Participants were doctors working in obstetrics (N = 53), midwives (N = 59), pregnant women (N = 68). Participants were recruited in person from two hospitals. Doctors were also recruited online. Participants completed a questionnaire measuring the degree of perceived risk in various childbirth-related scenarios; and the extent to which they believed others agreed with them about the degree of risk generally involved in childbirth. Main outcome measures were the degree of risk perceived to the mother in baby in pregnancy scenarios, and beliefs about own perception of risk in comparison to their own group and other groups.

Results
There were significant differences in total risk scores between pregnant women, doctors and midwives in perception of risk to the mother in 68/80 scenarios. Doctors most frequently rated risks lowest. Total scores for perceived risk to the baby were not significantly different. There was substantial variation within each group. There was more agreement on the ranking of scenarios according to risk. Each group believed doctors perceived most risk whereas actually doctors most frequently rated risks lowest. Each group incorrectly believed their peers rated risk similarly to themselves.

Conclusions
Individuals cannot assume others share their perception of risk or that they make correct assessments regarding others’ risk perception. Further research should consider what factors are taken into account when making risk assessments,
Understanding unplanned readmissions for children undergoing surgery in a single pediatric general surgical department
Authors: Zheng Chao , Zhou Hong , Zhu Hai , Chen Bailin , Qiu Lin , Guo Chunbao 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Background
The aim of the current research was to investigate the unplanned readmission rates and identify the risk factors of unplanned readmissions in pediatric general surgical specialties.

Methods
A retrospective review of unplanned readmissions following initial surgery from July 1, 2010, to June 30, 2017, in the general surgical specialties at an academic tertiary care hospital was performed. The main outcome of interest was unplanned readmission rates, the common causes for readmission. The risk factors involved in the unplanned readmissions were further investigated using univariate and multivariate analyses.

Results
Of the 3263 patients who underwent surgery and discharge, 176 (9%) were unplanned readmissions. The most frequent surgical operation related to readmission was appendectomy, and the common readmission causes were associated with treatment of gastrointestinal complaints/complications. Multivariable analysis demonstrated that emergency surgery (p = 0.016, odds ratio [OR] = 2.73; 95% CI = 1.35–6.19), major complications (p = 0.042, OR = 2.43; 95% CI = 1.12–4.71) and the initial hospital length of stay (p = 0.036, OR = 3.46; 95% CI = 1.67–7.53) were independent risk factors for readmission.

Conclusions
This study identified potential risks for readmission, which should be targeted for interventions to improve quality and resource allocation.
Functional abdominal pain disorders in adolescents in Indonesia and their association with family related stress
Authors: Oswari Hanifah , Alatas Fatima Safira , Hegar Badriul , Cheng William , Pramadyani Arnesya , Benninga Marc Alexander , Rajindrajith Shaman 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundFunctional abdominal pain disorders (FAPD) have been widely reported as a major group of gastrointestinal disorders across the world. This study describes the prevalence, related factors, symptomatology and its relationship to emotional stress in Indonesian adolescents.MethodsThis is a cross-sectional study. Adolescents aged 10 to 17 years from nine randomly selected state schools from five districts of Jakarta, Indonesia, were invited to participate. A translated and validated Rome-III self-administered-questionnaire was used to collect data on gastrointestinal symptoms. Data on sociodemographic characteristics, intestinal as well as extra-intestinal symptoms, and exposure to stressful life events were also collected using a separate validated questionnaire.ResultsA total of 1813 questionnaires were included in the analysis [males 739 (40.8%) mean age of 13.54 years + 0.89]. Of them, 209 children (11.5%) fulfilled Rome III criteria of FAPD. Functional abdominal pain (FAP) was reported as the most prevalent subtype (5.8%), followed by functional dyspepsia (3.3%), irritable bowel syndrome (2%) and abdominal migraine (0.4%). The prevalence was higher in girls (p < 0.05) and those exposed to family-related stressful life events (p < 0.05). They include divorce or separation of parents (adjusted OR 2.55, 95% CI 1.75–3.7,p = < 0.001), death of a close family member (adjusted OR 2.24, 95% CI 1.39–3.59,P = 0.001), and father’s alcoholism (adjusted OR 1.94, 95% CI 1.22–3.1,P = 0.005).ConclusionsFAPD are common paediatric entities among Indonesian adolescents with a prevalence of 11.5%. FAPD were noted to be higher in girls and adolescents exposed to family-related stressful life events.
Association of time-to-treatment with outcomes of Pneumocystis pneumonia with respiratory failure in HIV-negative patients
Authors: Ko Ryoung-Eun , Na Soo Jin , Huh Kyungmin , Suh Gee Young , Jeon Kyeongman 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Background
The prevalence of pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) and associated hypoxic respiratory failure is increasing in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-negative patients. However, no prior studies have evaluated the effect of early anti-PCP treatment on clinical outcomes in HIV-negative patient with severe PCP. Therefore, this study investigated the association between the time to anti-PCP treatment and the clinical outcomes in HIV-negative patients with PCP who presented with hypoxemic respiratory failure.

Methods
A retrospective observational study was performed involving 51 HIV-negative patients with PCP who presented in respiratory failure and were admitted to the intensive care unit between October 2005 and July 2018. A logistic regression model was used to adjust for potential confounding factors in the association between the time to anti-PCP treatment and in-hospital mortality.

Results
All patients were treated with appropriate anti-PCP treatment, primarily involving trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. The median time to anti-PCP treatment was 58.0 (28.0–97.8) hours. Thirty-one (60.8%) patients were treated empirically prior to confirmation of the microbiological diagnosis. However, the hospital mortality rates were not associated with increasing quartiles of time until anti-PCP treatment (P = 0.818, test for trend). In addition, hospital mortality of patients received early empiric treatment was not better than those of patients received definitive treatment after microbiologic diagnosis (48.4% vs. 40.0%, P = 0.765). In a multiple logistic regression model, the time to anti-PCP treatment was not associated with increased mortality. However, age (adjusted OR 1.07, 95% CI 1.01–1.14) and failure to initial treatment (adjusted OR 13.03, 95% CI 2.34–72.65) were independently associated with increased mortality.

Conclusions
There was no association between the time to anti-PCP treatment and treatment outcomes in HIV-negative patients with PCP who presented in hypoxemic respiratory failure.