bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comprehensive analysis of the effects of bending strain on GFET on ultra‐flat flexible PI substrate using varnish PI
Authors: Kim Kangmin , Park Seulgi , Kim Ohyun 
Published: November 2018

The study investigated how bending strain affected graphene field‐effect transistors (GFETs) that had been fabricated on ultra‐flat flexible polyimide (PI) film, and the instability of graphene from repeated bending strain. An ultra‐flat surface of PI film was achieved by using varnish PI with gradually increasing temperature. The average surface roughness was reduced from 23.23 to 0.32 nm. Bending strain distorted the symmetric atomic structure of graphene, and thereby caused a shift of two‐dimensional peak by −42.67 cm−1/% in the Raman spectrum and acted such as uniaxial strain. Bending strain on the GFET increased its energy bandgap, and the increased energy bandgap decreased the ‘off’ current and increased the current on/off ratio. Bending strain increased carrier concentration and decreased carrier mobility. Repeated bending strain damaged graphene by increasing defects, and thereby increased its resistivity by ∼25%. The damage could be recovered by thermal annealing at 200°C.
Kinematics and dynamics of the luminous infrared galaxy pair NGC 5257/58 (Arp 240)
Authors: Fuentes-Carrera I. , Rosado M. , Amram P. , Laurikainen E. , Salo H. , Gómez-López J. A. , Castañeda H. O. , Bernal A. , Balkowski C. 
Published: November 2018

Context. Encounters between galaxies modify their morphology, kinematics, and star formation history. The relation between these changes and external perturbations is not straightforward. The great number of parameters involved requires both the study of large samples and individual encounters where particular features, motions, and perturbations can be traced and analysed in detail.
Aims. We analysed the morphology, kinematics, and dynamics of two luminous infrared spiral galaxies of almost equal mass, NGC 5257 and NGC 5258, in which star formation is mostly confined to the spiral arms, in order to understand interactions between galaxies of equivalent masses and star-forming processes during the encounter.
Methods. Using scanning Fabry–Perot interferometry, we studied the contribution of circular and non-circular motions and the response of the ionized gas to external perturbations. We compared the kinematics with direct images and traced the star-forming processes and gravitational effects due to the presence of the other galaxy. The spectral energy distribution of each member of the pair was fitted. A mass model was fitted to the rotation curve of each galaxy.
Results. Large, non-circular motions detected in both galaxies are associated with a bar, spiral arms, and HII regions for the inner parts of the galaxies, and with the tidal interaction for the outer parts of the discs. Bifurcations in the rotation curves indicate that the galaxies have recently undergone pericentric passage. The pattern speed of a perturbation of one of the galaxies is computed. Location of a possible corotation seems to indicate that the gravitational response of the ionized gas in the outer parts of the disc is related to the regions where ongoing star formation is confined. The spectral energy distribution fit indicates slightly different star formation history for each member of the pair. For both galaxies, a pseudo-isothermal halo better fits the global mass distribution.
Differential Analysis of Homeopathic Medicines Attributed to Pride
Authors: Paul John 
Published: November 2018

AbstractPride is a secondary emotion that is felt when self-image in the society is at stake. This social emotion is classified into authentic and hubristic pride. Platinum, Palladium, Gratiola, Staphysagria, Sulphur, Lachesis and Veratrum album are few remedies of prime importance mentioned in the homeopathic Materia Medica pertinent to pride. The expression of pride in all the remedies has a particular characteristic feature individualising each remedy. An attempt is made to differentiate the homeopathic medicines attributed to pride in light of modern psychology.
Homeopathy and Psychiatry
Authors: Wadhwani Gyandas 
Published: November 2018

AbstractObsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a chronic serious anxiety disorder affecting as many as 1.2% of the population worldwide. A female diagnosed with OCD was brought by her family for homeopathic treatment and with the help of Constantine Hering's ‘Analytical Repertory of the Symptoms of the Mind’ and Boger's ‘Boenninghausen's Characteristics and Repertory’, the remedy Sulphur was chosen. A single dose of 30th potency helped the patient recover gradually over 2 months and she continues to lead a drug-free normal life over one and a half years of follow-up.
Changing diabetes® barometer: A global quality monitoring framework for improving patient outcomes
Authors: Jain Pavika , Aamand Niels 
Published: November 2018

This article has a global perspective and includes examples from several continents i.e. Latin America, Africa, Asia and Europe. The Changing Diabetes® Barometer (CDB) is a Novo Nordisk initiative that works as a worldwide quality monitoring system for diabetes management to measure the gains made in the fight against diabetes focusing on quality of care and patient outcomes. CDB provides a platform for countries to share local diabetes data and good practices. In doing so it aims to disseminate improved practices of care. CDB is conceptualised as a framework that can help change diabetes. Its three cornerstones are “Measure, Share, Improve” (MSI):• MEASURE the quality of diabetes care through patient outcomes and care processes.• SHARE data on the quality of diabetes care and good practices with all relevant stakeholders.• IMPROVE the quality of diabetes care by identifying and actively spreading good practices in diabetes care and inspire others to adopt and follow best practice examples.Italy and Algeria both constitute best practice examples of CDB initiatives. In Italy a registry solution is already solidly implemented and improvements in patient outcomes have been documented. The initiative in Algeria has recently been initiated including establishment of IT equipment in participating clinics to ensure all relevant measurements. This will enable transparency on current level of quality of diabetes care. Both initiatives have the common goal of driving improvements in quality of care and patient outcomes across clinics. India is another good example where data is collected through the CDB aimed at driving improvement of diabetes care in order to improve quality of life for people with diabetes. CDB in India is implemented in five states (Goa, Bihar, Gujarat, Puducherry and Andhra Pradesh) and is planned to be expanded to five additional states.
‘Sho-Goh-Wah-Pee-Nay’ - The sugar disease: Not so sweet!
Authors: Mundra Vishal 
Published: November 2018

Abstract“Sho-goh-wah-pee-nay” or “sugar disease,” an Oji-Cree word (Native American Indian terminology), is more commonly known as “diabetes." Over the last 70 years, diabetes has become an epidemic within Native American Indian tribes. At about 16%, American Indians and Alaska Natives have the highest occurrence of diabetes in the United States. There are 566 federally recognized tribes. Drifting genes, obesity, and lower educational levels are among the well-known causes of disease management in this group. However, often forgotten are the socio-cultural aspects of this issue. Disease perception, diet, traditional medicine, poor communication, sedentary lifestyle, poor socio-economic status are most important obstacles. Various government-funded programs like National Diabetes Education Program, “We have the power to prevent diabetes” and “Move it! And reduce your risk of diabetes” and diabetes prevention program are in place. Similar guidelines should be developed for all the ethnic or tribal groups across the world before it becomes a pandemic.
Ex-vivo-Lungenperfusion
Authors: Wiegmann Bettina , Haverich Axel 
Published: November 2018

ZusammenfassungDie Lungentransplantation nahm ihren Ursprung Mitte des 20. Jahrhunderts, doch erst die Einführung des Ciclosporins 1981 brachte den entscheidenden Durchbruch, insbesondere das Langzeitüberleben der Patienten betreffend. Durch die derzeit zunehmende Inzidenz finaler Lungenerkrankungen kommt es jedoch zu einer steigenden Diskrepanz zwischen Organempfängern und Organspendern. Dieses Problem adressierend, befasst sich ein globaler Forschungsfokus mit der Entwicklung und Etablierung der sogenannten Ex-vivo-Lungenperfusion (EVLP), die entgegen des Goldstandards der hypothermen, statischen Organkonservierung die in das EVLP eingespannte Lunge körperwarm perfundiert und beatmet. Hierbei werden 3 wesentliche Strategien zur Erweiterung des Spenderpools verfolgt – sowohl der Einsatz bei sogenannten „Donation after cardiac Death“ mit der Möglichkeit der Reevaluation der in das EVLP implantierten Lunge als auch die Langzeit-EVLP-Anwendung mit der diagnoseabhängigen Therapie suboptimaler Lungen soll für die Konversion nicht transplantabler in transplantable Lungen genutzt werden. Zudem dient das portable EVLP-System der Eskalation der geografischen Flexibilität im Rahmen des Spendermanagements und ist mit der Minimierung der kalten Ischämiezeit assoziiert. Zwar bestehen die EVLP-Systeme aus den gleichen Komponenten, doch ergeben sich aus ihnen eine Vielzahl an Möglichkeiten, das jeweilige EVLP-Protokoll je nach Indikation gestalten zu können. Die Datenanalysen der EVLP-Systeme bestätigen deren Applikation im Rahmen der humanen Lungentransplantation als opportun. Es kommt zu einem reduzierten Ischämie-/Reperfusionsschaden, in dessen Folge sich sowohl die Gasaustauschleistung der Lunge im EVLP als auch der PGD-Grad (PGD: Primary Graft Dysfunction) der Organempfänger im Vergleich zur hypothermen statischen Konservierung signifikant verbessert. Basierend auf diesen Ergebnissen und der Möglichkeit der individuellen Adaptation des EVLP-Protkolls ergeben sich neben der transplantationsassoziierten Anwendung weitere interessante Einsatzgebiete, wie beispielsweise der Infektions- und Tumortherapie, aber auch der Immunmodulation.
Receptor selectivity from minimal backbone modification of a polypeptide agonist
Authors: Liu Shi , Cheloha Ross W. , Watanabe Tomoyuki , Gardella Thomas J. , Gellman Samuel H. 
Published: November 2018

Significance
G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) mediate diverse physiological processes and are targets of many therapeutic agents. GPCR subfamilies comprise related receptors that can be activated by the same or similar agonists but manifest distinct functions. Subtype-selective agonists are valuable as tools for fundamental research and as drug candidates with minimal side effects. It is challenging, however, to develop agonists with differentiated activities at structurally related receptors. We started from a human parathyroid hormone fragment that is used to treat osteoporosis, and developed subtype-selective variants by modifying the peptide backbone while maintaining the natural side chains. Our findings suggest that backbone modification, which has received little prior attention in terms of tailoring polypeptide hormone specificity, may represent a general source of receptor-selective agonists.
TaARF4 genes are linked to root growth and plant height in wheat
Authors: Wang Jingyi , Wang Ruitong , Mao Xinguo , Li Long , Chang Xiaoping , Zhang Xueyong , Jing Ruilian 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBackground and AimsAuxin response factors (ARFs) as transcription activators or repressors have important roles in plant growth and development, but knowledge about the functions of wheat ARF members is limited. A novel ARF member in wheat (Triticum aestivum), TaARF4, was identified, and its protein function, haplotype geographic distribution and allelic frequencies were investigated.MethodsTissue expression of TaARF4 was analysed by real-time PCR. Sub-cellular localization was performed using green fluorescent protein (GFP)-tagged TaARF4. Ectopic expression of TaARF4-A in arabidopsis was used to study its functions. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSAs), chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) analyses and gene expression were performed to detect TaARF4 target genes. A dCAPS (derived cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence) marker developed from TaARF4-B was used to identify haplotypes and association analysis between haplotypes and agronomic traits.Key ResultsTaARF4-A was constitutively expressed and its protein was localized in the nucleus. Ectopic expression of TaARF4-A in arabidopsis caused abscisic acid (ABA) insensitivity, shorter primary root length and reduced plant height (PH). Through expression studies and ChIP assays, TaARF4-A was shown to regulate HB33 expression which negatively responded to ABA, and reduced root length and plant height by repressing expression of Gretchen Hagen 3 (GH3) genes that in turn upregulated indole-3-acetic acid content in arabidopsis. Association analysis showed that TaARF4-B was strongly associated with PH and root depth at the tillering, jointing and grain fill stages. Geographic distribution and allelic frequencies suggested that TaARF4-B haplotypes were selected in Chinese wheat breeding programmes. An amino acid change (threonine to alanine) at position 158 might be the cause of phenotype variation in accessions possessing different haplotypes.ConclusionsEctopic expression and association analysis indicate that TaARF4 may be involved in root length and plant height determination in wheat. This work is helpful for selection of wheat genotypes with optimal root and plant architecture.
Node diversification in complex networks by decentralized colouring
Authors: Garcia-Lebron Richard , Myers David J , Xu Shouhuai , Sun Jie 
Published: November 2018

AbstractWe develop a decentralized colouring approach to diversify the nodes in a complex network. The key is the introduction of a local conflict index (LCI) that measures the colour conflicts arising at each node which can be efficiently computed using only local information. We demonstrate via both synthetic and real-world networks that the proposed approach significantly outperforms random colouring as measured by the size of the largest colour-induced connected component. Interestingly, for scale-free networks further improvement of diversity can be achieved by tuning a degree-biasing weighting parameter in the LCI.
Prospective evaluation and long-term follow-up of patients referred to secondary care based upon natriuretic peptide levels in primary care
Authors: Gierula John , Cubbon Richard M , Paton Maria F , Byrom Rowenna , Lowry Judith E , Winsor Sarah F , McGinlay Melanie , Sunley Emma , Pickles Emma , Kearney Lorraine C , Koshy Aaron , Slater Thomas A , Chumun Hemant K , Jamil Haqeel A , Bailey Kristian M , Barth Julian H , Kearney Mark T , Witte Klaus K 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

Aims
The UK National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (UK-NICE) and European Society of Cardiology (ESC) guidelines advise natriuretic peptide (NP) assessment in patients presenting to primary care with symptoms possibly due to chronic heart failure (HF), to determine need for specialist involvement. This prospective service evaluation aimed to describe the diagnostic and prognostic utility of these guidelines.

Methods and results
We prospectively collected clinical, echocardiography and outcomes data (minimum 5 years) from all patients referred to the Leeds HF Service for 12 months of following the initiation of the NP-guideline-directed pathway. Between 1 May 2012 and 1 August 2013, 1020 people with symptoms possibly due to HF attended either with a raised NT-pro-BNP or a previous myocardial infarction (MI) with an overall rate of left ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVSD) of 33%. Of these, 991 satisfied the ESC criteria (NT-pro-BNP ≥125 pg/mL) in whom the rate of LVSD was 32%, and 821 the UK-NICE criteria in whom the rate of LVSD was 49% in those with a previous MI, 25% in those with NT-pro-BNP concentration 400–2000 pg/mL, and 54% in those with NT-pro-BNP concentration of >2000 pg/mL. An NT-pro-BNP concentration 125–400 pg/mL had a 12% risk of LVSD. Specificity was poor in women >70 years, who made up the largest proportion of attendees. Elevated NT-pro-BNP levels were associated with lower survival even in the absence of LVSD.

Conclusion
In people referred through the ESC and UK-NICE guidelines, elevated NT-pro-BNP is a marker of increased mortality risk, but there is wide variation in specificity for LVSD. Age- and sex-adjusted criteria might improve performance.
Self-reported Fitness and Objectively Measured Physical Activity Profile Among Older Adults: A Twin Study
Authors: Waller Katja , Vähä-Ypyä Henri , Lindgren Noora , Kaprio Jaakko , Sievänen Harri , Kujala Urho M 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

Background
Maintaining good fitness and good level of physical activity are important factors for maintaining physical independence later in life. The aim was to investigate the relationship between self-reported fitness and objectively measured physical activity and sedentary behavior in the elderly.

Methods
Same-sex twin pairs born 1940–1944 in Finland were invited to the study. Altogether 787 individuals (mean age 72.9 years), of whom 404 were female, used a hip-worn triaxial accelerometer for at least 4 days and answered a question on perceived fitness. First, individual differences were studied between four fitness categories. Second, pairwise differences were examined among twin pairs discordant for fitness.

Results
Self-reported fitness explained moderately the variation in objectively measured physical activity parameters: R2 for daily steps 26%, for daily mean metabolic equivalent 31%, for daily moderate-to-vigorous activity time 31%, and lower for sedentary behavior time 14% (all p < .001). Better self-reported fitness was associated with more steps taken on average (8,558 daily steps [very good fitness] vs 2,797 steps [poor fitness], p < .001) and with a higher amount of moderate-to-vigorous activity (61 min vs 12 min p < .001, respectively) in the adjusted multivariable model. Among 156 twin pairs discordant for self-reported fitness, co-twins with better fitness took more steps, did more moderate-to-vigorous activity, and had less sedentary behavior (all, p < .05) compared to their less fit co-twins; however, difference was smaller among monozygotic than dizygotic pairs.

Conclusion
One simple question on self-reported fitness is associated with daily activity profile among community-dwelling older people. However, genetic factors modulate this association to some extent.
UDP-N-acetylglucosamine-dolichyl-phosphate N-acetylglucosaminephosphotransferase is indispensable for oogenesis, oocyte-to-embryo transition, and larval development of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Kanaki Nanako , Matsuda Ayako , Dejima Katsufumi , Murata Daisuke , Nomura Kazuko H , Ohkura Takashi , Gengyo-Ando Keiko , Yoshina Sawako , Mitani Shohei , Nomura Kazuya 
Published: November 2018

AbstractN-linked glycosylation of proteins is the most common post-translational modification of proteins. The enzyme UDP-N-acetylglucosamine-dolichyl-phosphate N-acetylglucosaminephosphotransferase (DPAGT1) catalyses the first step of N-glycosylation, and DPAGT1 knockout is embryonic lethal in mice. In this study, we identified the sole orthologue (algn-7) of the human DPAGT1 in the nematode C. elegans. The gene activity was disrupted by RNAi and deletion mutagenesis, which resulted in larval lethality, defects in oogenesis and oocyte-to-embryo transition. Endomitotic oocytes, abnormal fusion of pronuclei, abnormal AB cell rotation, disruption of permeation barriers of eggs, and abnormal expression of chitin and chitin synthase in oocytes and eggs were the typical phenotypes observed. The results indicate that N-glycosylation is indispensable for these processes. We further screened an N-glycosylated protein database of C. elegans, and identified 456 germline-expressed genes coding N-glycosylated proteins. By examining RNAi phenotypes, we identified five germline-expressed genes showing similar phenotypes to the algn-7 (RNAi) animals. They were ribo-1, stt-3, ptc-1, ptc-2, and vha-19. We identified known congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) genes (ribo-1 and stt-3) and a recently found CDG gene (vha-19). The results show that phenotype analyses using the nematode could be a powerful tool to detect new CDG candidate genes and their associated gene networks.
A State-of-the-Art Review of New and Emerging Therapies for the Treatment of IBD
Authors: Chudy-Onwugaje Kenechukwu O , Christian Kaci E , Farraye Francis A , Cross Raymond K 
Published: November 2018

AbstractOver the last 2 decades, novel therapies targeting several immune pathways have been developed for the treatment of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Although anti–tumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) agents remain the firstline treatment for moderate to severe Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, many patients will require alternative agents, due to nonresponse, loss of response, or intolerance of anti-TNFs. Furthermore, patients may request newer therapies due to improved safety profiles or improved administration (ie, less frequent injection, oral therapy). This review will focus on new and emerging therapies for the treatment of IBD, with a special focus on their adverse effects. Although many of the agents included in this paper have been approved for use in IBD, a few are still in development but have been shown to be effective in phase II clinical trials.
The prognostic impact of obstructive lung disease on survival of never smokers with resected non-small-cell lung cancer: a comparison with smokers
Authors: Akamine Takaki , Tagawa Tetsuzo , Shimokawa Mototsugu , Matsubara Taichi , Kozuma Yuka , Haratake Naoki , Takamori Shinkichi , Toyokawa Gouji , Maehara Yoshihiko 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
The proportion of never smokers among non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients has steadily increased in recent decades, suggesting an urgent need to identify the major underlying causes of disease in this cohort. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a risk factor for lung cancer in both smokers and never smokers. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between obstructive lung disease and survival in never smokers and smokers with NSCLC after complete resection.

METHODS
We retrospectively reviewed data from 548 NSCLC patients treated at our institution. The effects of obstructive lung disease on recurrence-free survival and cancer-specific survival following the resection of NSCLC were determined by univariable and multivariable Cox regression analyses.

RESULTS
Among the 548 patients analysed, 244 patients (44.5%) were never smokers and 304 patients (55.4%) were current or former smokers. In the never-smoker group, 48 patients (19.7%) had obstructive lung disease, 185 patients (75.8%) were women and 226 patients (92.6%) had adenocarcinoma. Obstructive lung disease was significantly associated with shorter recurrence-free survival (P = 0.006) and cancer-specific survival (P = 0.022) in the never smokers, but not the smokers, on both univariable and multivariable analyses. The associations between obstructive lung disease and prognosis in never smokers remained significant after propensity score matching.

CONCLUSIONS
Obstructive lung disease is an independent prognostic factor for recurrence-free survival and cancer-specific survival in never smokers, but not in smokers, with NSCLC. Based on this finding, further examination is warranted to advance our understanding of the mechanisms associated with NSCLC in never smokers.