bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative study of elastic properties measurement techniques during plastic deformation of aluminum, magnesium, and titanium alloys: application to springback simulation
Authors: Nietsch J. A. , Ott A. C. , Watzl G. , Cerny A. , Grabner F. J. , Grünsteidl C. , Österreicher J. A. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Reliable determination of the elastic moduli of metals can be quite demanding, especially as the apparent elastic modulus of metals is known to decrease with deformation. Traditionally, this dependence on plastic strain has been investigated through various tensile tests, but discrepancies persist across the different approaches. Here we compare several tensile test-based evaluation protocols based on loading-unloading experiments to measure the change in elastic moduli of the light metal alloys AZ31B, EN AW-6082, and Ti–6Al–4V during tensile deformation. Additionally, the initial Young’s modulus determination via tensile testing, three-point-bending experiments, contact-free laser ultrasonic zero-group-velocity plate resonance, and piezoelectric contact ultrasonic time-of-flight measurements were compared. The results reveal non-negligible differences in the strain-dependency of elastic moduli between the determination techniques. Additionally, the laser ultrasound measurements demonstrate an improved accuracy and repeatability for the determination of the initial elastic moduli of light metal sheets. The benefit of considering the reduction of the elastic moduli in finite element springback simulation of three-point-bending tests is demonstrated and the use of the chord modulus is found to be generally most appropriate.
Breaking the Wheel, Credibility, and Hermeneutical Injustice: A Response to Harris
Authors: Matthews Taylor 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn this short paper, I respond to Keith Raymond Harris’ paper “Synthetic Media, The Wheel, and the Burden of Proof”. In particular, I examine his arguments against two prominent approaches employed to deal with synthetic media such as deepfakes and other GenAI content, namely, the “reactive” and “proactive” approaches. In the first part, I raise a worry about the problem Harris levels at the reactive approach, before providing a constructive way of expanding his worry regarding the proactive approach.
Establishment of an In Vitro Embryo-Endometrium Model Using Alginate-Embedded Mouse Embryos and Human Embryoid Body
Authors: Kim Yoon Young , Kim Yong Jin , Kim Jung Woo , Kim Jiyeon , Kim Sung Woo , Ku Seung-Yup 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background:
Embryo-endometrium cross-talk is one of the critical processes for implantation, and unsuccessful cross-talk leads to infertility. We established an endometrium-embryo (or embryoid bodies, hEBs) in vitro model in 2D and 3D conditions and assessed its potential through the fusion of embryos and the expression of specific markers.

Methods:
C57BL/6 mouse embryos and human embryoid body (hEB) derived from embryonic stem cells were prepared as embryo models. Mouse endometrium (EM) and human endometrium cell line, HEC-1-A, were prepared, and 2D or 3D EMs were generated. The viability of the 3D endometrium was analyzed, and the optimal ratio of the gelation was revealed. The invasion of the embryos or hEBs was examined by immunostaining and 3D image rendering.

Results:
The embryos and the alternative hEBs were effectively fused into 2D or 3D vitro EM models in both mouse and human models. The fused embryos and hEBs exhibited migration and further development. Notably, the established in vitro model expressed Oct4 and E-Cadherin, markers for early embryonic development; human CG Receptor and Progesterone Receptor, critical for implantation and pregnancy maintenance; and TSH Receptor, Epiregulin, and Prolactin, indicators of endometrial receptivity and embryo implantation.

Conclusion:
This study marks a significant advancement in the field, as we have successfully established a novel in vitro model for studying embryo-endometrium cross-talk. This model, a crucial tool for understanding fertility and the causes of miscarriage due to failed implantation, provides a unique platform for investigating the complex processes of successful implantation and pregnancy, underscoring its potential impact on reproductive health.
(+)-Nootkatone, the flavor of grapefruit
Authors: Ramachanderan Raghavendra , Schaefer Bernd 
Published: November 2024

AbstractNootkatone is one of the most valuable citrus flavors. Originally isolated from the heartwood of the Nootka cypress (Callitropsis nootkatensis), it was probably the identification of nootkatone as a minor component of grapefruit oil that catapulted this sesquiterpene into the focus of flavor research and made it a highly sought-after citrus aroma in recent decades. The odors of ( +)-nootkatone and (−)-nootkatone are perceptible in the air at threshold concentrations of 30 ppm and 66,000 ppm of saturated vapor, respectively. While ( +)-nootkatone embodies a strong grapefruit scent and has a bitter taste, (−)-nootkatone has a faint woody vetiver note and is virtually tasteless. In 2020, nootkatone was registered by the US Environmental Protection Agency as an insect repellent and natural insecticide that may repel and kill mosquitoes, fleas, ticks, mites, lice, and termites. Moreover, numerous pharmacological activities of nootkatone have been thoroughly investigated. As expected, a wealth of synthetic approaches, which are essentially based on the oxidation of valencene and on total syntheses, have been published in the last 60 years since its discovery. However, in addition to extraction from natural sources (e.g., grapefruit peel), the enzymatic oxidation of valencene and fermentative processes are the preferred production technologies today. The market is expected to grow considerably over the next 10 years, not least owing to the wide range of potential applications in the pharmaceutical, personal, and home care sector.How the reader may benefit: learn more about the total synthesis of natural products, allylic oxidation, and Robinson annulation, gain deeper insights into the biosynthesis of sesquiterpenes and finally discover how enantiopure compounds, such as ( +)-nootkatone, are produced at an industrial scale.
Graphical Abstract
A systematic review on dysphagia treatments for persons living with dementia
Authors: Chan Charis Tsz Wun , Wu Tsz Yin , Cheng Ivy 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Dysphagia in persons living with dementia (PLWD) is raising concern due to the absence of swallowing treatments specific to this population. Dysphagia can result in detrimental effects, such as malnutrition, dehydration, and aspiration pneumonia. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the existing literature on dysphagia management of PLWD and reveal their limitations to facilitate clinical practitioners in decision-making.

Methods
Five electronic databases were searched systematically from the date of inception to January 2024 by two independent reviewers. Eligible studies investigated any treatments with outcome measurements evaluating swallowing function. Qualitative analyses were performed.

Results
A total of 10 studies, involving 1360 participants, were included in the systematic review. They were analyzed qualitatively and evaluated for quality. Studies included were observational (n = 5) with prospective or retrospective designs, and randomized controlled trials (n = 5). Compensatory, rehabilitative, stimulation, and pharmacological treatments were addressed.

Conclusion
There is currently limited evidence available revealing the efficacy of dysphagia treatments for PLWD. Based on the current evidence, no definitive conclusions can be drawn on which treatments are more effective for this population. In the future, more randomized controlled trials with large sample sizes investigating the long-term effects of treatments are warranted.
Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between glycaemic measures and grip strength in people without diabetes in the UK Biobank cohort study
Authors: Granic Antoneta , Cooper Rachel , Hurst Christopher , Hillman Susan J. , Dodds Richard M. , Witham Miles D. , Sayer Avan A. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Purpose
To investigate associations between glycaemic measures (HbA1c, random glucose), and grip strength (GS) in adults without prevalent diabetes.

Methods
We included 381,715 UK Biobank participants aged 38–73 years without diabetes (any type) with complete baseline measures for GS and HbA1c (main analyses), and glucose (supplementary analyses). Cross-sectional sex- and age-stratified associations between each glycaemic measure, GS, and probable sarcopenia (low GS) were examined with regression analyses. Changes in GS over 8.9 years were classified into four groups (decline, stable low, stable high, or reference (increase or maintained within the normal range)) in 36,228 participants and associations with baseline glycaemic measures explored using multinomial regression.

Results
Higher HbA1c (mmol/mol) was associated with weaker mean GS (kg) (regression coefficient and 95% confidence intervals (CI): − 0.08 (− 0.09, − 0.07)), and increased odds of probable sarcopenia (odds ratio (OR) and 95% CIs: 1.02 (95% CI: 1.01, 1.02)) in males and across the age groups. In females, higher HbA1c was associated with weaker mean GS only in mid-life (e.g., 50–59 years: − 0.06 (− 0.07, − 0.05)). In males, but not in females with repeated GS, higher HbA1c was associated with decreased odds of stable high (0.97 (0.96, 0.99) and increased odds of stable low (1.03 (1.01, 1.04)) GS pattern (0.98 (0.97, 0.980)) over the follow-up. The results for glucose in supplementary analyses were mixed, especially in females.

Conclusions
The associations between HbA1c and GS in people without diabetes warrant replication and consideration of the effect on muscle strength when interventions to promote normoglycaemia are trialled.
The oscillating vortex generator: a boundary layer propulsion and flow control device
Authors: Anilir B. , Kurtulus D.F. , Platzer M.F. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis paper aims to explore the feasibility of providing boundary layer propulsion and flow control by means of embedded aerofoils that are oscillating in the pure plunge mode. To this end, Navier-Stokes calculations of the low-speed flow over a flat plate with an oscillating small foil in close vicinity to the plate were performed to determine the influence of the wall distance, Reynolds number, and reduced frequency on the aerofoil thrust. The simulations were extensively validated against water tunnel experiments at Reynolds numbers between 440 to 5,940. Good agreement was obtained in terms of mean streamwise velocity profiles and the vortical wake patterns. Results indicate that the thrust increases from its value in unbounded flow with decreasing distance from the plate. The propulsive efficiency exhibits a consistent peak at a non-dimensional plunge velocity of about 0.55. For wall distances between one-half to one chord lengths, vortex pairs are shed in a slightly upward deflected direction independent of the starting motion of the aerofoil. As the wall distance increases further, these vortex pairs change into the well-known reverse Karman vortex street. Example calculations for a flat plate with two foils mounted close to the plate trailing edge and oscillating in counterphase confirm the device’s efficacy.
The value of water quality for coastal recreation in New England, USA
Authors: Merrill Nathaniel , Mazzotta Marisa , Mulvaney Kate , Sawyer Joshua , Twichell Julia , Atkinson Sarina , Keith Darryl , Erban Laura 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWater recreation is valuable to people, and its value can be affected by changes in water quality. This paper presents the results of a revealed preference survey to elicit coastal New England, USA, residents’ values for water recreation and water quality. We combined the survey responses with a comprehensive data set of coastal attributes, including in-water and remotely sensed water quality metrics. Using a travel cost model framework, we found water clarity and the bacterial conditions of coastal waters to be practical water quality inputs to economic analysis, available at appropriate scales, and meaningful to people and their behavior. Changes in clarity and bacterial conditions affected trip values, with a $4.5 change for a meter in clarity in Secchi depth and $0.08 for a one-unit bacteria change in colony-forming units per 100 ml. We demonstrate the large potential value of improving water quality through welfare analysis scenarios for Narragansett Bay, Rhode Island, and Cape Cod, Massachusetts, USA. The paper discusses lessons for improving the policy relevance and applicability of water quality valuation studies through improved water quality data collection, combined with the application of scalable analysis tools for valuation.
COVID-19 and specialty crop producers: economic impacts and grower solutions
Authors: Volpe Richard , Cai Xiaowei , Delbridge Timothy , Stevens Alexander 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWe use a combination of primary and secondary data to investigate and quantify the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the California specialty crop sector. We demonstrate that the specialty crop sector was highly resilient during the pandemic and aftermath in terms of output. For many crops, production fell somewhat between 2019 and 2021, but not to an extent that is outside of normal annual variation for fruits and vegetables. However, prices increased dramatically for many commodities. Contrary to conventional wisdom, most input costs did not surge during the pandemic, and some fell. But both the primary and secondary data identify labor and truck transportation as the major issues facing producers and driving up prices. Trade associations played a vital role in disseminating solutions to growers throughout the pandemic.
Expert advice from ResearchMatch volunteers: Recruitment Innovation Center use cases and innovation
Authors: Tischbein Maeve , Cook Sarah K. , Shyr Cathy , Benhoff Katelyn , Baig Amna , Quarles Kaysi , Boone Leslie R. , Byrne Loretta M. , Rodriguez Mariela , Edwards Terri , Wilkins Consuelo H. , Harris Paul A. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Involving participants in the design of clinical trials should improve the overall success of a study. For this to occur, streamlined mechanisms are needed to connect the populations potentially impacted by a given study or health topic with research teams in order to inform trial design in a meaningful and timely manner. To address this need, we developed an innovative mechanism called the “ResearchMatch Expert Advice Tool” that quickly obtains volunteer perspectives from populations with specific health conditions or lived experiences using the national recruitment registry, ResearchMatch. This tool does not ask volunteers to participate in the trial but allows for wider community feedback to be gathered and translated into actionable recommendations used to inform the study’s design. We describe early use cases that shaped the current Expert Advice Tool workflow, how results from this tool were incorporated and implemented by studies, and feedback from volunteers and study teams regarding the tool’s usefulness. Additionally, we present a set of lessons learned during the development of the Expert Advice Tool that can be used by other recruitment registries seeking to obtain volunteer feedback on study design and operations.
Integrating environmental sustainability into health technology assessment: an international survey of HTA stakeholders
Authors: Bobini Michela , Cicchetti Americo 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Health technologies play a relevant role in environmental sustainability (ES). However, limited evidence exists on approaches and methods to integrate ES into the Health Technology Assessment (HTA).

Objectives
The purpose of this study is: (i) to provide an overview of global HTA organizations’ progression toward the integration of ES into HTA; (ii) to investigate various paths for this integration, highlighting obstacles, priorities, potential approaches, and methods.

Methods
Data were collected via questionnaires from organizations belonging to HTA networks, International Network of Agencies for Health Technology Assessment, and European Network for HTA. To complement the results of the survey, the authors carried out a desk analysis with strategic documents available on institutional websites.

Results
The survey included twenty-six respondents from twenty different countries (thirty-three percent response rate). Among the study’s participants, there is a notable acknowledgment of the importance of integrating ES into HTA. However, only nine organizations are actively engaged in these integration efforts, each employing unique methodologies and perspectives. There is a substantial consensus on the application of life cycle assessment, with a particular emphasis on the use of environmentally extended input–output analysis, and a stronger preference for cost-utility analysis. Nevertheless, evidence on integrating ES into HTA remains scarce. Major challenges identified include data collection difficulties and the necessity for interdisciplinary teams.

Conclusions
Our study represents a preliminary effort to systematize initiatives aimed at integrating ES into HTA. Further research is required to customize methods and tools for appropriately evaluating the environmental impacts of technologies. The findings suggest that achieving ES-HTA integration demands a multi-tiered, interdisciplinary approach.
Translation as the critique of modernity: a new perspective on Ku Hung-Ming's translation of Confucian classics
Authors: Zhang Lin 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The current scholarship on Ku Hung-Ming (1857–1928) as a translator and a historical figure has been constrained by identity politics and has viewed his translations and writings as a passive response to the challenge of the Western powers from a Chinese nationalist, or as a process of Ku's identity-building. This article goes beyond these constraints and recognises Ku as an active critic of Western modernity. By drawing on narrative theory, it investigates Ku's three broad choices regarding his translated Confucian classics—translation directionality, the invocation of Goethe, and the use of language mixing on the title pages and/or in the front matter—to demonstrate that Ku's translation agenda was to critique Western modernity. This article constitutes a paradigm shift in the research on Ku's translation of Confucian classics, and challenges what I call the ‘eccentricity thesis’ in Ku Hung-Ming studies to raise awareness of Ku as a critic of modernity.
Influence of Atmospheric Slant Path on Geostationary Hyperspectral Infrared Sounder Radiance Simulations
Authors: Huang Pengyun , Li Jun , Min Min , Li Zhenglong , Di Di , Anantharaj Valentine , Ahn Myoung‐Hwan 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAccurately simulating a geostationary hyperspectral infrared sounder is critical for quantitative applications. Traditional radiation simulations of such instruments often overlook the influence of slant observation geometry by using vertical profile assumption, leading to inadequate simulation accuracy. By using global atmospheric profiles with 1 km spatial resolution, the slant‐path effects on brightness temperature simulations are quantified. Experiments indicate that the slant geometry has less impact on longwave brightness temperature simulations and has a substantial impact on middle‐wave brightness temperature simulations. It may introduce 0.5 K (or more) uncertainty to brightness temperatures of water vapor absorption channels when the satellite zenith angle is greater than 45°. Considering the slant profile is recommended for quantitative applications of geostationary hyperspectral sounder data, such as sounding retrieval and data assimilation.
Amapari Marker Band, Gale Crater, Mars: Event Horizon With Highest Bedrock Iron and Zinc Concentrations Detected by Curiosity's Alpha Particle X‐Ray Spectrometer
Authors: Thompson L. M. , Spray J. G. , VanBommel S. J. , O'Connell‐Cooper C. D. , Berger J. A. , Gellert R. , Vasavada A. R. , Gupta S. , Yen A. S. , McCraig M. A. , Boyd N. I. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAlpha Particle X‐ray spectrometer (APXS) analyses of the distinct Amapari Marker Band (AMB), Gale crater, Mars reveal the highest, in situ, FeO and Zn abundances (47.51, 2.23 wt%), and elevated MnO associated with a lower rippled unit. APXS analyses also reveal a marked shift in provenance, to a generally basaltic composition, compared to the underlying Mg‐sulfate‐bearing strata, which persists into the overlying stratigraphy. The AMB also records perturbation in the MgSO4‐forming conditions present above and below. AMB chemistry could be consistent with a volcanic ash source; high metal concentrations resulting from volatile reactions within an ash cloud. Alternatively, syn‐ and/or post‐depositional precipitation processes within a primary lake setting and/or a later diagenetic event or events may have played a role. Ongoing and future work will aim to further constrain processes responsible for deposition of the AMB, the high metal concentrations and its regional and global implications.
Iridescence Reveals the Formation and Growth of Ice Aerosols in Martian Noctilucent Clouds
Authors: Lemmon M. T. , Vicente‐Retortillo A. , Guzewich S. D. , Juárez M. de la Torre , Innanen A. C. , Campbell C. L. , Maki J. N. , Malin M. C. , Moores J. E. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWater and carbon dioxide each form mesospheric clouds on Mars. At such altitudes (40–100 km), clouds may remain sunlit for part of the night. We describe a previously unreported, visually spectacular season of iridescent, noctilucent clouds visible in early southern autumn from the Curiosity rover's site in Gale crater. Ice nucleation begins near sunset with a narrow range of particle sizes, and the ice aerosols grow and precipitate. The iridescence, visible through three‐color imaging, arises from locally uniform particle sizes resulting from similar growth histories. Colorful fall streaks show the clouds evolving, and a scattering corona shows size uniformity over large areas. The terminator was observed on the clouds, allowing the determination of cloud altitudes and a likely CO2 composition. This is the first observation of particle size variations within individual Martian clouds, allowing a new probe of Martian cloud physics.
47 Years of Large Antarctic Calving Events: Insights From Extreme Value Theory
Authors: MacKie Emma J. , Millstein Joanna , Serafin Katherine A. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMassive calving events result in significant instantaneous ice loss from Antarctica. The rarity and stochastic nature of these extreme events makes it difficult to understand their physical drivers, temporal trends, and future likelihood. To address this challenge, we turn to extreme value theory to investigate past trends in annual maxima iceberg area and assess the likelihood of high‐magnitude calving events. We use 47 years of iceberg size from satellite observations. Our analysis reveals no upward trend in the surface area of the largest annual iceberg over this time frame. This finding suggests that extreme calving events such as the recent 2017 Larsen C iceberg, A68, are statistically unexceptional and that extreme calving events are not necessarily a consequence of climate change. Nevertheless, it is statistically possible for Antarctica to experience a calving event up to several times greater than any in the observational record.