bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vocal Fold Injection of Absorbable Materials: A Histologic Analysis With Clinical Ramifications
Authors: Zeitels Steven M. , Lombardo Patrick J. , Chaves Jaime L. , Faquin William C. , Hillman Robert E. , Heaton James T. , Kobler James B. 
Published: January 2019

Objectives: Gels composed of carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) and cross-linked hyaluronic acid are commonly used as temporary or resorbable injectable materials for vocal fold medialization. However, there is limited information about tissue injection patterns, soft tissue reaction, degradation, and residence time, particularly for the newer CMC gels. Study Design: Prospective, laboratory. Methods: Ten canines underwent paraglottic (deep to the vocal ligament) microlaryngoscopic injection with about 100 µL (0.1 mL) of cross-linked hyaluronic acid (Restylane) in the right vocal fold and about 100 µl (0.1 mL) of CMC gel in the left vocal fold. Two commercial CMC gels of similar formulation (Prolaryn Gel and Renú Gel) were used in 5 animals each. Two subjects were sacrificed for histologic analysis at 3, 13, 29, 42, and 55 days. Results: Histology showed that injected Restylane formed cohesive ovoid-shaped aggregated implants with minimal dispersion, inflammation, or cellular invasion in all subjects. Approximately 86% of Restylane injected remained at 8 weeks, as estimated from postmortem, high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging scans. In contrast, histology showed that both CMC gels dispersed widely through fascial planes during and after injection within and outside the thyroarytenoid muscle fascicles. There was a robust macrophage and histiocyte phagocytic response, with moderate to severe inflammation noted around residual CMC gel at early time points, and at 6 to 8 weeks, very little free gel was observed. Conclusions: None of the studied materials induced a clinical inflammatory reaction on laryngoscopy such that they would be considered problematic or dangerous. Restylane demonstrated superior injection localization, tissue compatibility, and residence time. Both CMC gels did not localize well in the paraglottic region, and there was a robust inflammatory response, with clearance by macrophages and short residence time. These results suggest that CMC gels may have a more limited application than previously thought for vocal fold medialization in patients in whom the injection is being used to achieve voice enhancement while awaiting reinnervation. Level of Evidence: NA
Noncritical State Transitions During Conditionally Automated Driving on German Freeways: Effects of Non–Driving Related Tasks on Takeover Time and Takeover Quality
Authors: Naujoks Frederik , Purucker Christian , Wiedemann Katharina , Marberger Claus 
Published: January 2019

Objective: This study aimed at investigating the driver’s takeover performance when switching from working on different non–driving related tasks (NDRTs) while driving with a conditionally automated driving function (SAE L3), which was simulated by a Wizard of Oz vehicle, to manual vehicle control under naturalistic driving conditions. Background: Conditionally automated driving systems, which are currently close to market introduction, require the user to stay fallback ready. As users will be allowed to engage in more complex NDRTs during the automated drive than when driving manually, the time needed to regain full manual control could likely be increased. Method: Thirty-four users engaged in different everyday NDRTs while driving automatically with a Wizard of Oz vehicle. After approximately either 5 min or 15 min of automated driving, users were requested to take back vehicle control in noncritical situations. The test drive took place in everyday traffic on German freeways in the metropolitan area of Stuttgart. Results: Particularly tasks that required users to turn away from the central road scene or hold an object in their hands led to increased takeover times. Accordingly, increased variance in the driver’s lane position was found shortly after the switch to manual control. However, the drivers rated the takeover situations to be mostly “harmless.” Conclusion: Drivers managed to regain control over the vehicle safely, but they needed more time to prepare for the manual takeover when the NDRTs caused motoric workload. Application: The timings found in the study can be used to design comfortable and safe takeover concepts for automated vehicles.
Retracted : The Link Between Budget Deficit and Current Account Deficit in India
Authors: Aneja Ranjan , Banday Umer Jeelanie 
Published: January 2019

At the request of the Journal Editor and the Authors, the following article has been retracted. Aneja, R., & Banday, U. J. (2015). The link between Budget deficit and Current Account deficit in India. Journal of the Indian Economic Association 63(4), 750–761. DOI: 10.1177/0019466220160411 The article has been retracted from The Indian Economic Journal as the authors had not provided the due permission for its publication. The said article is now duly published in another journal.
Space for intuition – the ‘Surprise’-Question in haemato-oncology: Qualitative analysis of experiences and perceptions of haemato-oncologists
Authors: Gerlach Christina , Goebel Swantje , Weber Sascha , Weber Martin , Sleeman Katherine E 
Published: January 2019

Background: Early integration of palliative care can improve outcomes for people with cancer and non-cancer diagnoses. However, prediction of survival for individuals is challenging, in particular in patients with haematological malignancies who are known to have limited access to palliative care. The ‘Surprise’-Question can be used to facilitate referral to palliative care. Aim: To explore experiences, views and perceptions of haemato-oncologists on the use of the ‘Surprise’-Question in the haemato-oncology outpatients clinics of a university hospital in Germany. Design: A qualitative study using individual semi-structured interviews transcribed verbatim and analysed thematically based on the framework approach. Setting/participants: The study took place at the haemato-oncology outpatient clinic and the bone marrow transplantation outpatient clinic of a university hospital. Nine haemato-oncologists participated in qualitative interviews. Results: Thematic analysis identified 4 themes and 11 subthemes: (1) meaning and relevance of the ‘Surprise’-Question; (2) feasibility; (3) the concept of ‘surprise’ and (4) personal aspects of prognostication. A key function of the ‘Surprise’-Question was to stimulate intuition and promote patient-centred goals of care by initiating a process of pause → reflection → change of perspective. It was easy and quick to use, but required time and communication skills to act on. Participants’ training in palliative care enhanced their willingness to use the ‘Surprise’-Question. Conclusion: Irrespective of its use in prognostication, the ‘Surprise’-Question is a valuable tool to facilitate consideration of patient-centred goals and promote holistic care in haemato-oncology. However, prognostic uncertainty, lack of time and communication skills are barriers for integration into daily practice. Further research should involve haematology patients to integrate their needs and preferences.
Development and validation of search filters to find articles on palliative care in bibliographic databases
Authors: Rietjens Judith AC , Bramer Wichor M , Geijteman Eric CT , van der Heide Agnes , Oldenmenger Wendy H 
Published: January 2019

Background: Healthcare professionals and researchers in the field of palliative care often have difficulties finding relevant articles in online databases. Standardized search filters may help improve the efficiency and quality of such searches, but prior developed filters showed only moderate performance. Aim: To develop and validate a specific search filter and a sensitive search filter for the field of palliative care. Design: We used a novel, objective method for search filter development. First, we created a gold standard set. This set was split into three groups: term identification, filter development, and filter validation set. After creating the filters in PubMed, we translated the filters into search filters for Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, PsychINFO, and Cochrane Library. We calculated specificity, sensitivity and precision of both filters. Results: The specific filter had a specificity of 97.4%, a sensitivity of 93.7%, and a precision of 45%. The sensitive filter had a sensitivity of 99.6%, a specificity of 92.5%, and a precision of 5%. Conclusion: Our search filters can support literature searches in the field of palliative care. Our specific filter retrieves 93.7% of relevant articles, while 45% of the retrieved articles are relevant. This filter can be used to find answers to questions when time is limited. Our sensitive filter finds 99.6% of all relevant articles and may, for instance, help conducting systematic reviews. Both filters perform better than prior developed search filters in the field of palliative care.
Food Aid for Nutrition: Narrative Review of Major Research Topics Presented at a Scientific Symposium Held October 21, 2017, at the 21st International Congress of Nutrition in Buenos Aires, Argentina
Authors: Caiafa Kristine , Dewey Kathryn G. , Michaelsen Kim F. , de Pee Saskia , Collins Steve , Rogers Beatrice Lorge , El-Kour Tatyana , Walton Shelley , Webb Patrick 
Published: January 2019

Background: Food aid is a valuable tool for meeting global nutrition goals, particularly for vulnerable populations of children and reproductive-aged women. On October 21, 2017, the Food Aid Quality Review Project hosted a scientific symposium at the 21st International Congress on Nutrition in Buenos Aires, Argentina, to take stock of what the global community has learned about selected topics in the research literature on food aid used to address malnutrition. Objective: This article presents the discussion that took place during the symposium, which was guided by presentations by 6 experts from the field of nutrition, food aid, and humanitarian response. Conclusion: The recent upsurge in research on food aid has advanced the collective knowledge of what food aid products and programs work for addressing nutrition, but there is much more to learn. Presentations in this symposium called for further inquiry on (1) different and novel food aid formulations, (2) the cost-effectiveness of products and programs, and (3) market-based approaches to food assistance. Continuing to expand the evidence base on these topics is critical to improving global nutrition programs.
Correlation of Soft Tissue Swelling and Timing to Surgery With Acute Wound Complications for Operatively Treated Ankle and Other Lower Extremity Fractures
Authors: Riedel Matthew D. , Parker Amber , Zheng Mingxin , Briceno Jorge , Staffa Steven J. , Miller Christopher P. , Kaiser Philip B. , Wu Jim S. , Zurakowski David , Kwon John Y. 
Published: January 2019

Background: Considerable debate exists regarding how soft-tissue edema should influence timing of surgery for ankle and other lower extremity fractures. Assessment of swelling is subjective, and timing varies among surgeons. However, timing of surgery is one of the few modifiable factors in fracture care. Ultrasonography can objectively measure swelling and help determine optimal timing. The purposes of this study were to determine whether objective measures of swelling, timing to surgery, and patient-specific risk factors correlated with wound complications and to try to create a prediction model for postoperative wound complications based on identified modifiable and nonmodifiable risk factors. Methods: Patients with closed ankle and other lower extremity fractures requiring surgery with an uninjured, contralateral extremity were included. Demographic information and sonographic measurements on both lower extremities were obtained pre-operatively. Subjects were followed for 3 months and wound complications were documented. A predictive algorithm of independent risk factors was constructed, determining wound complication risk. Given that patients with ankle fractures made up the majority of the study cohort (75/93 or 80%), a separate statistical analysis was performed on this group. A total of 93 subjects completed the study, with 75/93 sustaining ankle fractures. Results: Overall wound complication rate was 18.3%. Timing to surgery showed no correlation with wound complications. A heel-pad edema index >1.4 was independently associated with wound complications. Subgroup analysis of ankle fractures demonstrated a 3.4× increase in wound complications with a heel-pad edema index >1.4. Tobacco history and BMI >25 were independent predictors of wound complications. An algorithm was established based on heel-pad edema index, BMI >25, and tobacco history. Patients with none of the 3 factors had a 3% probability of a wound complication. Patients with 1/3, 2/3 and 3/3 factors had a 12-36%, 60-86% and 96% probability of a wound complication, respectively. Conclusions: Timing to surgery had no correlation with wound complications. Heel-pad edema index >1.4, BMI >25, and tobacco-use correlated with wound complications. When separately analyzing the cohort that sustained ankle fractures, the heel-pad edema index of >1.4 was still demonstrated to be predictive of wound complications corresponding to a 3.4× increase in wound complication rates (11.1% vs 37.5%). Risk of wound complications significantly increased with each factor. In patients with increased BMI and/or tobacco use, resolution of heel edema may significantly reduce wound complications in lower extremity trauma. Level of Evidence: Level II, prognostic, prospective cohort study.
Prospective crossover clinical trial comparing transdermal with oral phenobarbital administration in epileptic cats
Authors: Barnes Heller Heidi L , Trepanier Lauren A , Robertson Michelle , Mei Chaoqun 
Published: January 2019

Objectives The aim of this study was to compare serum phenobarbital concentrations, adverse events and client satisfaction during 14 weeks of transdermal vs oral phenobarbital administration to epileptic cats. Methods This was a prospective, fixed-order, crossover pilot study. Nine client-owned cats with presumptive or diagnosed idiopathic epilepsy were enrolled. Oral phenobarbital (PO-PB) was administered for weeks 1–14 (median starting dosage of 3.8 mg/kg [2.0–5.4 mg/kg/day] q12h); transdermal phenobarbital (TD-PB) was administered for weeks 14–28 (median starting dosage 18.8 mg/kg/day [17.6–24.0 mg/kg/day] q12h). Serum phenobarbital concentrations (S-PB) were measured at weeks 2, 14, 16 and 28. Client satisfaction questionnaires and biochemistry were evaluated at 14 and 28 weeks. Results Median S-PB concentrations during oral administration were 21 µg/ml (observed range 11–40 µg/ml) at week 2 and 22 µg/ml (8–35 µg/ml) at week 14, and at the higher TD dosage were 18 µg/ml (0–42 µg/ml) at week 16 and 17 µg/ml (7–50 µg/ml) at week 28. Phenobarbital concentrations were significantly correlated with PO dosage at week 2 ( r = 0.75, P = 0.03) but not at weeks 16 and 28. Significantly more dose adjustments were needed during the TD phase ( P = 0.03), but 6/9 owners (67%) still preferred TD to PO administration. Adverse effects were mild and comparable in both groups. Conclusions and relevance Therapeutic S-PB concentrations were achievable in some cats using TD-PB at 18 mg/kg/day q12h. Poor correlation between TD dosage and S-PB concentrations was observed and more dosage adjustments were required during TD administration. These findings necessitate close therapeutic drug monitoring if TD-PB is prescribed.
Parity Differently Affects the Breast Cancer Specific Survival from Ductal Carcinoma In Situ to Invasive Cancer: A Registry-Based Retrospective Study from Korea
Authors: Lee JungSun , Oh Minkyung , Ko SeungSang , Park Chanheun , Lee Eun Sook , Kim Hyun-Ah , Jung Yongsik , Lee Jungyeon ,   The Korean Breast Cancer Society
Published: January 2019

Purpose: Multiparity might increase general mortality for women, but has inconclusive in patients with breast cancer. Here, we aim to discover their effect in terms of the breast cancer development hypothesis: from ductal carcinoma in situ to invasive carcinoma. Methods: We included 37 947 patients from the web-based breast cancer registration program of the Korean Breast Cancer Society and analyzed survivals using multivariate Cox regression analysis and whether the associations of these factors displayed linear trends. They were divided into the following groups: (1) pure ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), (2) invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) mixed with intraductal component (DCIS-IDC), and (3) node negative pure IDC. Results: The mean age was 48.9 ± 9.9 years including premenopausal women was 61.8%. Although patients with parities of 1-3 had better prognosis compared with patients with nulliparous women, high parity (⩾4) increased the hazard ratio (HR) of overall survival (OS) (DCIS: HR, 1.52; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.62-3.78; IDC: HR, 1.43, 95% CI 0.89-2.31; and DCIS-IDC: HR, 1.44, 95% CI 0.45-4.59) during 84.2 (±10.7) months. For breast cancer specific survival (BCSS), the HR of the IDC group ( P-value for trend = .04) increased along with increasing parity and was worse than nulliparous patients, and the HR of the DCIS-IDC group increased but was better than nulliparous patients ( P-value for trend = .02). Compared with nulliparous patients, any age at first birth (AFB) decreased HR of OS in the DCIS and IDC groups (DCIS: P = .01; IDC: P = .04). Conclusions: Parity show dual effects on OS of women with all ductal typed breast cancer but show different effects on BCSS in Korea.
A Qualitative Analysis of Canadian Indoor Tanning Policies
Authors: Gill Pavandeep , Kalia Sunil 
Published: January 2019

Background: The International Agency for Research on Cancer classifies artificial tanning devices as Group 1 human carcinogens. Studies have shown that use of indoor tanning before age 35 can increase the risk of melanoma development by 75%. It has therefore been recommended that indoor tanning use be restricted in individuals younger than age 18. Objectives: This study aims to review the state of provincial indoor tanning policies, especially in regards to use by youth across Canada, and what strategies are being implemented to enforce them. Methods: Focused interviews were conducted with representatives from the provincial Ministries of Health across Canada in May and June 2014. Follow-up interviews were performed between February and May 2017. Results: As of January 2018, regulations are in effect in all Canadian provinces restricting indoor tanning by minors and requiring display of signage warning of the risks of indoor tanning by salons. However, there are discrepancies among the provinces on how and if tanning salons are monitored and how and if these regulations are enforced. Conclusions: While implementing youth bans on indoor tanning is a promising start, all Canadian provinces need to ensure that efforts are being undertaken to ensure compliance with these policies to effectively combat the rising incidence of skin cancer among the Canadian population.
Effects of magnitude of visceral adipose tissue reduction: Impact on insulin resistance, hyperleptinemia and cardiometabolic risk in adolescents with obesity after long-term weight-loss therapy
Authors: Campos Raquel Munhoz da Silveira , Masquio Deborah Cristina Landi , Corgosinho Flávia Campos , Caranti Danielle Arisa , Ganen Aline de Piano , Tock Lian , Oyama Lila Missae , Dâmaso Ana Raimunda 
Published: January 2019

Aim: To investigate the association between visceral adipose tissue loss and insulin resistance and hyperleptinemia in adolescents with obesity submitted to interdisciplinary weight-loss therapy. Methods: A total of 172 post-pubertal adolescents (body mass index greater than the 95th percentile of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reference growth charts) were recruited for the study. The adolescents were assigned to long-term weight-loss therapy. Body composition, visceral and subcutaneous fat, glucose metabolism, lipid profile, hepatic enzymes and leptin concentration were measured. After the therapy, the adolescents were allocated to three different groups according to the tertile of visceral fat reduction. Results: Positive effects on body composition were observed in all analysed groups independent of visceral fat reduction. It was found that visceral fat was an independent predictor of insulin resistance in the investigated population. Obese adolescents who lost a higher proportion of visceral adipose tissue (>1.8 cm) demonstrated improved metabolic and inflammatory parameters twice as much than those who presented smaller losses. Positive correlations between visceral fat reduction and glucose metabolism, lipid profile, hepatic enzymes and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance index were demonstrated. Conclusion: The magnitude of the reduction in visceral fat was an independent predictor of insulin resistance, hyperleptinemia and metabolic disorders related to obese adolescents.
Feasibility of Image Registration for Ultrasound-Guided Prostate Radiotherapy Based on Similarity Measurement by a Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Zhu Ning , Najafi Mohammad , Han Bin , Hancock Steven , Hristov Dimitre 
Published: January 2019

Purpose: Registration of 3-dimensional ultrasound images poses a challenge for ultrasound-guided radiation therapy of the prostate since ultrasound image content changes significantly with anatomic motion and ultrasound probe position. The purpose of this work is to investigate the feasibility of using a pretrained deep convolutional neural network for similarity measurement in image registration of 3-dimensional transperineal ultrasound prostate images. Methods: We propose convolutional neural network-based registration that maximizes a similarity score between 2 identical in size 3-dimensional regions of interest: one encompassing the prostate within a simulation (reference) 3-dimensional ultrasound image and another that sweeps different spatial locations around the expected prostate position within a pretreatment 3-dimensional ultrasound image. The similarity score is calculated by (1) extracting pairs of corresponding 2-dimensional slices (patches) from the regions of interest, (2) providing these pairs as an input to a pretrained convolutional neural network which assigns a similarity score to each pair, and (3) calculating an overall similarity by summing all pairwise scores. The convolutional neural network method was evaluated against ground truth registrations determined by matching implanted fiducial markers visualized in a pretreatment orthogonal pair of x-ray images. The convolutional neural network method was further compared to manual registration and a standard commonly used intensity-based automatic registration approach based on advanced normalized correlation. Results: For 83 image pairs from 5 patients, convolutional neural network registration errors were smaller than 5 mm in 81% of the cases. In comparison, manual registration errors were smaller than 5 mm in 61% of the cases and advanced normalized correlation registration errors were smaller than 5 mm only in 25% of the cases. Conclusion: Convolutional neural network evaluation against manual registration and an advanced normalized correlation -based registration demonstrated better accuracy and reliability of the convolutional neural network. This suggests that with training on a large data set of transperineal ultrasound prostate images, the convolutional neural network method has potential for robust ultrasound-to-ultrasound registration.