bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The HSP90 Inhibitor Pimitespib Targets Regulatory T Cells in the Tumor Microenvironment
Authors: Tsuge Ayaka , Watanabe Sho , Kawazoe Akihito , Togashi Yosuke , Itahashi Kota , Masuda Mari , Sai Atsuo , Takei Shogo , Muraoka Hiromi , Ohkubo Shuichi , Sugiyama Daisuke , Yan Yue , Fukuoka Shota , Doi Toshihiko , Shitara Kohei , Koyama Shohei , Nishikawa Hiroyoshi 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Regulatory T (Treg) cells play key roles in cancer immunity by suppressing a range of antitumor immune responses and contributing to resistance to PD-1 blockade therapy. Given their critical roles in self-tolerance, local control of immunosuppression by Treg cells, such as in the tumor microenvironment, has been intensively studied. Inhibition of HSP90, a chaperone with vital roles in regulating proteostasis in cancer cells, impedes cancer progression by interrupting oncogenic signaling pathways and potentially modulating antitumor immunity, but we have very little mechanistic insight into these immune modulatory effects. In this study, we show that the number of Treg cells is selectively reduced by the HSP90 inhibitor pimitespib in animal models and patients with gastric cancer in a clinical trial (EPOC1704). Pimitespib reduced the highly immunosuppressive human FOXP3high effector Treg cells by inhibiting their proliferation and decreasing their expression of effector molecules, which improved the priming and activation of antigen-specific CD8+ T cells. Mechanistic studies revealed that pimitespib selectively degraded STAT5, a key transducer of the IL2 signaling pathway, which is essential for Treg cell development and maintenance, and consequently compromised FOXP3 expression, leading to selective impairment of immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment by Treg cells. Thus, pimitespib treatment combined with PD-1 blockade exhibited a far stronger antitumor effect than either treatment alone in animal models. Through these data, we propose that HSP90 inhibition is a promising therapeutic option for Treg cell–targeted cancer immunotherapy.
Abdominal Compared With Coronary Artery Calcification and Incident Cardiovascular Events and Mortality in Black Adults
Authors: Abe Temidayo A. , Yan Fengxia , Olanipekun Titilope , Blaha Michael , Effoe Valery , Udongwo Ndausung , Mentz Robert J. , Oshunbade Adebamike , Terry James G. , Ghali Jalal K. , Yimer Wondwosen K. , Kamanu Chukwuemezie , Onuorah Ifeoma , Hall Michael , Onwuanyi Anekwe , Correa Adolfo , Echols Melvin 
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND:
Black adults show heightened cardiovascular risk compared with other groups despite comparable or lower coronary artery calcium (CAC) scores, indicating potential cardiovascular risk underestimation by CAC. Abdominal aortic calcification (AAC), preceding CAC, may predict cardiovascular events better in Black adults who are prone to early atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and excess events at low CAC scores.

METHODS:
We included 2551 participants from the JHS (Jackson Heart Study) visit 2 examination (2005–2008) without cardiovascular disease, followed through 2016. Cox regression estimated hazard ratios for incident cardiovascular events defined as a composite of myocardial infarction, stroke, heart failure, and all-cause mortality. The predictive value of CAC and AAC, when added to the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association cardiovascular risk algorithm (pool cohort equation), was assessed.

RESULTS:
Mean age was 57±10 years; 66% were women. Over a follow-up period of 12.6 years, 287 (11.3%) cardiovascular events and 360 (14.1%) mortality cases were observed. Adjusting for demographic and clinical variables, each 2-fold increase in CAC and AAC was associated with cardiovascular events (CAC: hazard ratio, 1.10 [95% CI, 1.06–1.13]; AAC: hazard ratio, 1.10 [95% CI, 1.06–1.13]) and all-cause mortality CAC: hazard ratio, 1.04 [95% CI, 1.01–1.08]; AAC: hazard ratio, 1.05 [95% CI, 1.01–1.08]). The incremental value of CAC (0.17 [95% CI, 0.08–0.23]) and AAC (0.15 [95% CI, 0.07–0.29]) to the pool cohort equation by net reclassification index was comparable. Notably, 45% of participants with 0 CAC showed some degree of AAC. Each 2-fold increase in AAC was associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events (hazard ratio, 1.07 [95% CI, 1.01–1.19]) but not all-cause mortality among participants with 0 CAC.

CONCLUSIONS:
AAC is comparable to CAC in predicting cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality among Black adults, potentially valuable when CAC is absent.
Caregiving and Hypertension in Younger Black Women: The Jackson Heart Study
Authors: Arabadjian Milla E. , Li Yiwei , Jaeger Byron C. , Colvin Calvin L. , Kalinowski Jolaade , Miles Miriam A. , Jones Lenette M. , Taylor Jacquelyn Y. , Butler Kenneth R. , Muntner Paul , Spruill Tanya M. 
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND:
Caregiving has been associated with high blood pressure in middle-aged and older women, but this relationship is understudied among younger Black women, a population at high risk for hypertension. We examined the associations of caregiving stress and caregiving for high-needs dependents with incident hypertension among reproductive-age women in the JHS (Jackson Heart Study), a cohort of community-dwelling Black adults.

METHODS:
We included 453 participants, aged 21 to 44 years, with blood pressure <140/90 mm Hg, and not taking antihypertensive medication at baseline (2000–2004). Caregiving stress over the past 12 months was assessed via a single item in the global perceived stress scale. Caregiving for a high-needs dependent status was assessed via a question on hours per week spent caregiving for children (≤5 years or disabled) or older adults. Incident hypertension was defined as systolic blood pressure ≥140 mm Hg, diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mm Hg, or self-report of taking antihypertensive medication at follow-up exams in 2005 to 2008 and 2009 to 2013.

RESULTS:
Over a median follow-up of 7.4 years, 43.5% of participants developed hypertension. Participants with moderate/high versus no/low caregiving stress had a higher incidence of hypertension (51.7% versus 40.6%). Higher caregiving stress was associated with incident hypertension after adjustment for sociodemographic and clinical factors, health behaviors, and depressive symptoms (hazard ratio, 1.39 [95% CI, 1.01–1.94]). Being a caregiver for a high-needs dependent was not associated with incident hypertension (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.88 [95% CI, 0.64–1.21]).

CONCLUSIONS:
Higher caregiving stress among reproductive-age Black women was associated with incident hypertension. Hypertension prevention approaches for this high-risk population may include caregiving stress management strategies.
Efficacy and Safety of a Dedicated Device for Cerebral Venous Thrombectomy: A Pilot Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Xu Yi , Wu Yan , Jiang Miaowen , Song Baoying , Li Chuanhui , Wu Chuanjie , Duan Jiangang , Meng Ran , Zhou Chen , Li Sijie , Yan Feng , Chen Jian , Li Ming , Ji Xunming 
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND:
Lack of a dedicated thrombectomy device for cerebral venous thrombosis hinders the recanalization ability of endovascular treatment (EVT). Novel NiTi-braided stent retriever (Venous-TD) is a dedicated venous sinus thrombectomy device. This study aims to demonstrate the safety and efficacy of Venous-TD.

METHODS:
In this pilot, prospective, randomized, single-blind, parallel-group control, single-center clinical study, patients with cerebral venous thrombosis from Beijing Xuanwu Hospital were included. Randomization was performed to EVT with either the Venous-TD or Angioguard with Sterling balloon (control group). The primary efficacy outcome was the proportion of immediate complete recanalization during EVT. Secondary outcomes included the proportion of functional independence and moderate to severe residential headache at 180 days after EVT. Safety outcomes included peri-procedural complications, all-cause mortality, and symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage after EVT.

RESULTS:
A total of 61 patients were enrolled and randomized. Thirty-one patients were randomized to the Venous-TD group, and 30 were randomized to the control group. The median (interquartile range) age was 28 (21–45) in the Venous-TD group and 34 (24–43) in the control group. The proportion of patients with a National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score >8 on admission was 8 (25.8%) in the Venous-TD group and 11 (36.7%) in the control group. During EVT, Venous-TD significantly improved the proportion of complete recanalization compared with Angioguard (23 [76.7%] versus 6 [20.0%]; relative risk, 3.833 [95% CI, 1.825–8.054]). The proportions of long-term functional independence at 180 days in the Venous-TD group and the control group were not significantly different. The proportion of patients with severe residual headache at 180 days in the Venous-TD group was significantly lower than that in the control group (3 [9.7%] versus 10 [35.7%]; relative risk, 0.271 [95% CI, 0.083–0.886]). Safety outcomes showed no statistically significant difference between the 2 groups.

CONCLUSIONS:
This trial indicated that Venous-TD did not increase complications in EVT of cerebral venous thrombosis and can significantly increase the proportion of complete recanalization. A multicenter phase III randomized control trial assessing efficacy and safety of Venous-TD is warranted.

REGISTRATION:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT05291585
On the Comparative Utility of Entropic Learning versus Deep Learning for Long-Range ENSO Prediction
Authors: Groom Michael , Bassetti Davide , Horenko Illia , O’Kane Terence J. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This paper compares the ability of deep learning and entropic learning methods to predict the probability of the Niño-3.4 index being above 0.4° (El Niño), below −0.4° (La Niña), or within both of these thresholds (neutral) at lead times of 3 up to 24 months. In particular, the performance, interpretability, and training cost of entropic learning methods, represented by the entropy-optimal scalable probabilistic approximation (eSPA) algorithm, are compared with deep learning methods, represented by a long short-term memory (LSTM) classifier, trained on the same dataset. Using only monthly data derived from a surface-forced ocean model over the period 1958–2018, the problem manifests as a canonical small-data challenge. Relative to the LSTM model, eSPA exhibits equivalent or better performance in terms of area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) for all lead times with a smaller computational cost by two and three orders of magnitude. Comparisons of AUC with other state-of-the-art deep learning models in the literature show that eSPA appears to also be more accurate than these models across all three classes. Composite images are generated for each of the cluster centroids from each trained eSPA model at each lead time. At shorter lead times, the composite images for the most significant clusters correspond to patterns representing mature or emerging/declining El Niño or La Niña states, while at longer lead times, they correspond to precursor states consisting of extratropical anomalies. Finally, modifications to the baseline dataset are explored, showing that improvements can be made in the parsimony of the trained eSPA model without sacrificing predictive power.
Pediatric Silent Sinus Syndrome: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Chernov Evan S. , Ghanem Anthony , Gonzales Parilla Leonardo , Carroll William W. 
Published: November 2024

Objectives Silent sinus syndrome (SSS) is a rare condition involving idiopathic maxillary sinus underdevelopment, orbital floor resorption, enophthalmos, and hypoglobus. SSS is more commonly described in adults, with only very limited literature in the pediatric population. Given the rarity of the condition, there is a lack of consensus regarding proper diagnostic criteria and treatment strategies. We present a case of pediatric SSS and a review of other cases in the literature. Methods Case report and systematic review. Results A 12-year-old female patient was referred for incidental MRI findings suggestive of SSS. Examination revealed minimal enophthalmos with some hypoglobus. A CT scan of the sinuses confirmed the diagnosis of SSS, and the patient underwent a right sided endoscopic modified medial maxillectomy/mega-antrostomy with image guidance given the significant maxillary hypoplasia. A literature review of CINAHL, PubMed, and Scopus identified 15 studies that referenced pediatric SSS cases. Conclusions This article reports a case of pediatric SSS and compares the presenting symptoms, diagnostic criteria, and surgical intervention to other cases of pediatric SSS. As pediatric SSS is a very rare disease, this case offers a possible treatment strategy for a severely atelectatic maxillary sinus.
Normative or Confirmative: Effects of Information Quality and Redundancy in Decision Support Systems
Authors: Ben Yaakov Yoav , Denisova Maja , Mulugeta Filmona , Meyer Joachim 
Published: November 2024

Objective The study investigates users’ tendency to access decision support (DS) systems as a function of the correlation between the DS information and the information users already have, the ongoing interaction with such systems, and the effect of correlated information on subjective trust. Background Previous research has shown inconclusive findings regarding whether people prefer information that correlates with information they already have. Some studies conclude that individuals recognize the value of noncorrelated information, given its unique content, while others suggest that users favor correlated information as it aligns with existing evidence. The impact of the level of correlation on performance, subjective trust, and the decision to use DS remains unclear. Method In an experiment ( N = 481), participants made classification decisions based on available information. They could also purchase additional DS with different degrees of correlation with the available information. Results Participants tended to purchase information more often when the DS was not correlated with the available information. Correlated information reduced performance, and the effect of correlation on subjective trust and performance depended on DS sensitivity. Conclusion Additional information may not improve performance when it is correlated with available information (i.e., it is redundant). Hence, the benefits of additional information and DS depend on the information the system and the operator use. Application It is essential to analyze the correlations between information sources and design the available information to allow optimal task performance and possibly minimize redundancy (e.g., by locating sensors in different positions to capture independent data).
Development of a lab-based In situ XCT oven for vacuum-bag processing of prepreg laminates
Authors: Galvez-Hernandez Pedro , Nazemi Ehsan , Radhakrishnan Arjun , Alvarez-Borges Fernando , Mavrogordato Mark , Sinclair Ian , Kratz James 
Published: November 2024

Real-time 3D microstructure changes in prepreg laminates during curing was observed using widely available X-ray Computed Tomography (XCT) hardware at high temporal resolution (2 min) and spatial resolution (25 µm voxel size). The methodology was demonstrated in a cylindrical convection oven with an internal diameter of 100 mm, a heating rate of 2°C/min, a maximum operating temperature of 135°C, and an integrated vacuum line. The technique was applied to three representative carbon fibre reinforced epoxy prepreg samples having flat, tapered and corner geometries. The increasingly complex geometries lead to higher void mobility and thickness changes that were captured in 40-50 mm size samples. Image processing of the XCT data was enhanced by the use of deep learning semantic segmentation for feature extraction. Uninterrupted microstructure evolution was visualised in larger samples and more realistic processing conditions than previous lab-based In Situ XCT studies.
Sub-ulcer foam sclerotherapy in patients with venous ulceration: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Pihlaja Toni , Ohtonen Pasi , Romsi Pekka , Pokela Matti 
Published: November 2024

Purpose This trial analyzed the effect of sub-ulcer foam sclerotherapy in patients with venous leg ulcer (VLU). Design Randomized controlled trial. Methods This trial recruited patients with VLUs to receive either sub-ulcer foam sclerotherapy and compression therapy (study group) or compression therapy only (control group). The primary outcome of this study was the change in the venous ulcer area at 4 weeks. The feasibility, safety, and complications of the sub-ulcer foam sclerotherapy were recorded. Results Of 23 patients included, 12 were randomized to study group and 11 to control group. Preoperatively, the average ulcer areas were 5.8 cm2 in both groups. At 4 weeks, the average reductions in ulcer areas were 4.0 cm2 (SD 3.1) in the study group (95% CI 2.0 to 5.9, p = .001) and 2.0 cm2 (SD 3.1) in the control group (95% CI: −0.1 to 4.1, p = .051). No differences in complications were recorded. Conclusions At 1-month sub-ulcer foam sclerotherapy and compression therapy reduced the ulcer area statistically significantly, whereas compression therapy alone did not. Sub-ulcer foam sclerotherapy could be a good addition to superficial venous insufficiency treatment in patients with VLU. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT03795064.
Percutaneous radiofrequency ablation of hepatocellular carcinomas abutting the right posterior diaphragm: factors associated with tumor recurrence and overall survival
Authors: Lee Ji Soo , Ahn Soo Hyun , Lee Min Woo , Han Seungchul , Min Ji Hye , Cha Dong Ik , Song Kyoung Doo , Kang Tae Wook , Rhim Hyunchul 
Published: November 2024

Background Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of subphrenic hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) using ultrasound (US) guidance presents a challenge. Purpose To evaluate local tumor progression (LTP) and overall survival (OS) after RFA of right posterior subphrenic HCCs, and to identify the risk factors for LTP and OS after RFA. Material and Methods We screened patients who underwent US-guided RFA for a single HCC <3 cm in the right posterior subphrenic area. Cumulative rates of LTP and OS were compared between multiple- and single-electrode treatments and artificial pleural effusion versus no-effusion groups using Kaplan–Meier curves and the log-rank test. The risk factors for LTP and OS were assessed. Results A total of 36 patients were included. The cumulative 5-year and 10-year LTP rates were 32.9% and 39.6%, respectively, and the corresponding OS rates were 72.2% and 48.7%, respectively. The multiple-electrode group had significantly lower cumulative LTP rates compared to the single-electrode group ( P < 0.001). The group receiving artificial pleural effusion showed a trend towards lower LTP rates than the no-effusion group ( P = 0.076). The albumin-bilirubin (ALBI) grade was the only risk factor for LTP (hazard ratio [HR] = 4.17, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.26–14.55; P = 0.020). A lower albumin level was a risk factor for mortality (HR = 0.24, 95% CI = 0.07–0.79; P = 0.020). Conclusion US-guided RFA with multiple electrodes and artificial pleural effusion tends to be linked with lower LTP rates. The ALBI grade and serum albumin level are risk factors for LTP and OS, respectively.
The Perspective of Young Maghrebi People With a Migratory Background and Their Social Agents on Substance Use During the Migration Process: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Lopez-Pedraza Leticia , Fernandez-Alonso Victor , Velarde-Garcia Juan Francisco , González-Hervias Raquel , Garcia-Ines Alcalde María , Galiano-Fernandez Petra , Alvarez-Embarba Beatriz 
Published: November 2024

Introduction: People with a migratory background often face traumatic experiences increasing the risk of mental health problems and substance use. It is important to gain a greater understanding of the perspectives of substance use among North African young people with a migratory background and social agents. Methodology: A qualitative phenomenological study was conducted. Purposive sampling methods were used to recruit 14 male participants and 9 social agents. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and focus groups, and processed by thematic analysis. Results: Four themes were identified: beginning of cross-border consumption that worsens at the reception centers; different ways of obtaining and accessing substances; reasons leading to substance use; and mental health care needs during the migration process. Discussion: The implementation of individual-centered and culturally adapted psychosocial support programs can significantly contribute to mitigating psychological challenges, preventing substance use, and promoting greater well-being among people with a migratory background.
Cultural Competemility Training and Use of a Standardized Assessment Tool in Reducing Misdiagnosis of Black Patients with Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders and Psychotic Disorders
Authors: Ballard Tonjanika , Campinha-Bacote Josepha 
Published: November 2024

INTRODUCTION: Research studies have highlighted disparities in diagnosing schizophrenia between Black and White patients, with Black individuals being diagnosed at rates three to five times higher than their White counterparts. Moreover, studies have postulated that a lack of cultural awareness and biases leads to providers’ misinterpretation and misdiagnosis of these patients. AIMS: This quality-improvement project aimed (a) to enhance cultural competemility, the synergistic process between cultural humility and cultural competence in health care providers (HCPs) serving Black patients, promoting cultural sensitivity among providers serving all patients; (b) to introduce the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS-24) as a standardized tool for evaluating suspected schizophrenia spectrum disorders and psychotic disorders across all patients; and (c) to reduce the disparities in schizophrenia spectrum disorders and psychosis diagnostic rates across all patients, with a focus on enhancing accuracy for Black patients. METHOD: HCPs completed the Inventory for Assessing the Process of Cultural Competemility Among Healthcare Professionals (IAPCC-HCP) before and after training based on Campinha-Bacote’s model of cultural competemility (CCM). In addition, they received training in the use of the BPRS-24. After training, HCPs incorporated the BPRS-24 into clinical practice for assessing patients initially diagnosed with schizophrenia spectrum disorders or psychosis. RESULTS: After introducing the BPRS-24 in clinical practice, it was used in 87.5% of assessments, with improved cultural skills and knowledge among HCPs. CONCLUSION: Using the BPRS-24 and cultural competemility training, misdiagnosis was identified in 48.4% of the sample, regardless of race.