bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Current landscape for chimeric antigen receptor T cells in lymphomas
Authors: Skarbnik Alan P. 
Published: September 2019

Purpose of review
CART cell therapy has changed the treatment landscape for relapsed/refractory aggressive lymphomas. In this article, we review the CART constructs most studied in lymphoma and their applicability.

Recent findings
Results of ZUMA-1, JULIET and TRANSCEND trials will be reviewed. Real-world data will also be reviewed.

Summary
CART cell therapy is evolving and becoming safer. Increased uptake of this modality outside of clinical trials is expected.
Leveraging the zebrafish to model organ transplantation
Authors: Cavalcante Luciana Da Silveira , Toner Mehmet , Uygun Korkut , Tessier Shannon N. 
Published: September 2019

Purpose of review
The availability of organs for transplant fails to meet the demand and this shortage is growing worse every year. As the cost of not getting a suitable donor organ can mean death for patients, new tools and approaches that allows us to make advances in transplantation faster and provide a different vantage point are required. To address this need, we introduce the concept of using the zebrafish (Danio rerio) as a new model system in organ transplantation. The zebrafish community offers decades of research experience in disease modeling and a rich toolbox of approaches for interrogating complex pathological states. We provide examples of how already existing zebrafish assays/tools from cancer, regenerative medicine, immunology, and others, could be leveraged to fuel new discoveries in pursuit of solving the organ shortage.

Recent findings
Important innovations have enabled several types of transplants to be successfully performed in zebrafish, including stem cells, tumors, parenchymal cells, and even a partial heart transplant. These innovations have been performed against a backdrop of an expansive and impressive list of tools designed to uncover the biology of complex systems that include a wide array of fluorescent transgenic fish that label specific cell types and mutant lines that are transparent, immune-deficient. Allogeneic transplants can also be accomplished using immune suppressed and syngeneic fish. Each of these innovations within the zebrafish community would provide several helpful tools that could be applied to transplant research.

Summary
We highlight some examples of existing tools and assays developed in the zebrafish community that could be leveraged to overcome barriers in organ transplantation, including ischemia–reperfusion, short preservation durations, regeneration of marginal grafts, and acute and chronic rejection.
Two variations on (
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3
×
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×
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1
)
(1)
type discrete Painlevé equations
Authors: Shi Yang 
Published: September 2019

By considering the normalizers of reflection subgroups of types
A
(1)
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and
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(1)
3
in

W
~

(

D
5

(
1
)

)

, two subgroups:

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×

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)

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)

⋉

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(

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1

(
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and

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(

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)

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)

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can be constructed from a (
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×
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type subroot system. These two symmetries arose in the studies of discrete Painlevé equations (Kajiwara K, Noumi M, Yamada Y. 2002
q
-Painlevé systems arising from
q
-KP hierarchy.
Lett. Math. Phys.
62
, 259–268; Takenawa T. 2003 Weyl group symmetry of type
D
(1)
5
in the
q
-Painlevé V equation.
Funkcial. Ekvac.
46
, 173–186; Okubo N, Suzuki T. 2018 Generalized
q
-Painlevé VI systems of type (
A

2
n
+1

+
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+
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)
(1)
arising from cluster algebra. (
http://arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/1810.03252
)), where certain non-translational elements of infinite order were shown to give rise to discrete Painlevé equations. We clarify the nature of these elements in terms of Brink-Howlett theory of normalizers of Coxeter groups (Howlett RB. 1980 Normalizers of parabolic subgroups of reflection groups.
J. London Math. Soc. (2)
21
, 62–80; Brink B, Howlett RB. 1999 Normalizers of parabolic subgroups in Coxeter groups.
Invent. Math.
136
, 323–351). This is the first of a series of studies which investigates the properties of discrete integrable equations via the theory of normalizers.
Modified Long-Axis In-Plane Ultrasound Versus Short-Axis Out-of-Plane Ultrasound For Radial Arterial Cannulation: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Wang Jiebo , Zhang Liangcheng , Huang Qijian , Lai Zhongmeng , Wu Guohua , Lin Lei , Liu Junle , Weng Xianfeng 
Published: September 2019

BACKGROUNDGiven a low first-pass success rate of the conventional SAX (short-axis) or LAX (long-axis) approach, ultrasound-guided radial artery cannulation in adults with radial artery diameter less than 2.2 mm may be still challenging.OBJECTIVETo assess the efficacy of modified long-axis in-plane(M-LAIP) versus short-axis out-of-plane (SAOP) or conventional palpation(C-P) approaches for ultrasound-guided radial artery cannulation.DESIGNA prospective, randomized and controlled trial.SETTINGOperating room in a tertiary university hospital, from 1 July 2018 to 24 November 2018.PATIENTSA total of 201 patients (age 18 to 85 years, the diameter of the radial artery less 2.2 mm) were included. Patients with history of forearm surgery, ulnar artery occlusion, abnormal Allen test, etc, were excluded from this study.INTERVENTIONSAll patients were randomized 1:1:1 to M-LAIP, SAOP or C-P.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURESThe primary outcome was the cannulation success rate. Secondary outcomes included first location time and cannulation time, number of attempts.RESULTSThe cannulation success rate was significantly higher in the M-LAIP group than in the SAOP group or C-P group (first success rate: 80.3% vs 53.8% or 33.8%; p =0.000; total success rate: 93.9% vs 78.5% or 50.8%; p =0.000). First location time (s) was significantly longer in the M-LAIP group compared with the SAOP group (31(28-35[12-44]) vs 15(14-17[10-21]); p =0.000) and the C-P group (31(28-35[12-44]) vs 12(8-13.5 [6-37]); p =0.000). However, the time of cannulation in the M-LAIP group (29(24-45[16-313])) was significantly shorter than that in the SAOP group (45(28.5-135.5[14-346]), p =0.002) and in the C-P group(138(27-308[12-363]), p =0.000). The number of attempts decreased in the M-LAIP group compared with SAOP or C-P group (1.29±0.63 vs 1.8±0.89 or 2.22±0.93, p =0.000).CONCLUSIONThe M-LAIP procedure for ultrasound-guided radial artery cannulation can offer a higher success rate of the first-attempt and total cannulation, fewer attempts and less time of cannulation.TRIAL REGISTRATIONThe study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (http://www.chictr.org.cn/index.aspx, number: ChiCTR-IOR-17011474).
Sympathetic and parasympathetic involvement in time constrained sequential foraging
Authors: Dundon Neil M. , Garrett Neil , Babenko Viktoriya , Cieslak Matt , Daw Nathaniel D. , Grafton Scott T. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAppraising sequential offers relative to an unknown future opportunity and a time cost requires an optimization policy that draws on a learned estimate of an environment’s richness. Converging evidence points to a learning asymmetry, whereby estimates of this richness update with a bias toward integrating positive information. We replicate this bias in a sequential foraging (prey selection) task and probe associated activation within two branches of the autonomic system, sympathetic and parasympathetic branches, using trial-by-trial measures of simultaneously recorded cardiac autonomic physiology. In general, lower value offers were accepted during periods of autonomic drive, both in the sympathetic (shorter pre-ejection period PEP) and parasympathetic (higher HF HRV) branches. In addition, we reveal a unique adaptive role for the sympathetic branch in learning. It was specifically associated with adaptation to a deteriorating environment: it correlated with both the rate of negative information integration in belief estimates and downward changes in moment-to-moment environmental richness, and was predictive of optimal performance on the task. The findings are consistent with a parallel processing framework whereby autonomic function serves both learning and executive demands of prey selection.Significance statementThe value of choices (accepting a job) depends on context (richness of the current job market). Learning contexts, therefore, is crucial for optimal decision-making. Humans demonstrate a bias when learning contexts; we learn faster about improvements vs deteriorations. New techniques allow us to cleanly measure fast acting stress responses that might fluctuate with trial-by-trial learning. Using these new methods, we observe here that increased stress – specifically sympathetic (heart contractility) – might help overcome the learning bias (making us faster at learning contextual deterioration) and thereafter guide us toward better context appropriate decisions. For the first time we show that specific building blocks of good decision-making might benefit from short bursts of specific inputs of the stress system.
Transient astrocytic Gq signaling underlies remote memory enhancement
Authors: Iwai Youichi , Ozawa Katsuya , Yahagi Kazuko , Tanaka Mika , Itohara Shigeyoshi , Hirase Hajime 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAstrocytes elicit transient Ca2+ elevations induced by G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), yet their role in vivo remains unknown. To address this, transgenic mice with astrocytic expression of the optogenetic Gq-type GPCR, Optoα1AR, were established, in which transient Ca2+ elevations similar to those in wild type mice were induced by brief blue light illumination. Activation of cortical astrocytes resulted in an adenosine A1 receptor-dependent inhibition of neuronal activity. Moreover, sensory stimulation with astrocytic activation induced long-term depression of sensory evoked response. At the behavioral level, repeated astrocytic activation in the anterior cortex gradually affected novel open field exploratory behavior, and remote memory was enhanced in a novel object recognition task. These effects were blocked by A1 receptor antagonism. On the other hand, compelling evidence for astrocytic Ca2+-induced diameter changes of arteries was not observed. Together, we demonstrate that GPCR-triggered Ca2+ elevation in cortical astrocytes has causal impacts on neuronal activity and behavior.
Prevalence of Stunting and Associated Factors among public Primary School pupils of Bahir Dar city, Ethiopia: School-Based Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Bantie Getasew Mulat , Akenew Kidist Hailu , Belete Mahlet Tilahun , Tena Eyerusalem Teshome , Gebretsadik Genet Gebreselasie , Tsegaw Aynalem Nebebe , Woldemariam Tigist Birru , Woya Ashenafi Abate , Melese Amare Alemu 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACTBackgroundStunting is a well-established pupils-health indicator of chronic malnutrition which reliably gives a picture of the past nutritional history and the prevailing environmental and socioeconomic circumstances.ObjectiveThe prevalence of stunting and associated factors among public primary school pupils of Bahir Dar city.MethodA cross-sectional study was carried out from March to June 2019. Data were coded and entered into Epi-Data and exported to SPSS. Then, Anthropometric data were converted into height for age Z-scores to determine the pupils stunting outcomes using WHO Anthro-Plus software. Then, the final analysis was done by SPSS version 20 software. Anthropometric measurements determined the proportion of stunting (z-score of height for age less than minus two standard deviations from WHO Anthro-plus software output). A simple logistic regression model was fitted to identify factors associated between the independent variables and the dependent variable at a 95% confidence level and p-value <0.05.Results370 primary school pupils were included in the study with the mean age of 121.84(± 26.67) months. About 51.6% of the pupils were females. The total prevalence of stunting was 15.13% (95%CI; 11%, 19%). The burden of stunting was higher in the age group of greater than 132 months. Pupil’s age ≥132 months (AOR=15.6; 95%CI; 3.31, 73.45; p-value<0.001) and male pupils (AOR=7.07; 95%CI: 2.51, 19.89; p-value<0.0002) were significantly associated with stunting.ConclusionThe prevalence of stunting was relatively lower than the regional estimated stunting level. However, this result is also very significant figure to get critical attention. Pupil’s age ≥ 132 months and male sex were significantly associated with stunting.
Chemical genetics of AGC-kinases reveals shared targets of Ypk1, Protein Kinase A and Sch9
Authors: Plank Michael , Perepelkina Mariya , Müller Markus , Vaga Stefania , Zou Xiaoming , Berti Marina , Saarbach Jacques , Haesendonckx Steven , Winssinger Nicolas , Aebersold Ruedi , Loewith Robbie 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACTProtein phosphorylation cascades play a central role in the regulation of cell growth and protein kinases PKA, Sch9 and Ypk1 take centre stage in regulating this process inS. cerevisiae. To understand how these kinases co-ordinately regulate cellular functions we compared the phospho-proteome of exponentially growing cells without and with acute chemical inhibition of PKA, Sch9 and Ypk1. Sites hypo-phosphorylated upon PKA and Sch9 inhibition were preferentially located in RRxS/T-motifs suggesting that many are directly phosphorylated by these enzymes. Interestingly, when inhibiting Ypk1 we not only detected several hypo-phosphorylated sites in the previously reported RxRxxS/T-, but also in an RRxS/T-motif. Validation experiments revealed that neutral trehalase Nth1, a known PKA target, is additionally phosphorylated and activated downstream of Ypk1. Signalling through Ypk1 is therefore more closely related to PKA- and Sch9-signalling than previously appreciated and may perform functions previously only attributed to the latter kinases.
Classification of Brain Tumor IDH Status using MRI and Deep Learning
Authors: Nalawade Sahil , Murugesan Gowtham , Vejdani-Jahromi Maryam , Fisicaro Ryan A. , Bangalore Yogananda Chandan Ganesh , Wagner Ben , Mickey Bruce , Maher Elizabeth , Pinho Marco C. , Fei Baowei , Madhuranthakam Ananth J. , Maldjian Joseph A. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIsocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutation status is an important marker in glioma diagnosis and therapy. We propose a novel automated pipeline for predicting IDH status noninvasively using deep learning and T2-weighted (T2w) MR images with minimal preprocessing (N4 bias correction and normalization to zero mean and unit variance). T2w MRI and genomic data were obtained from The Cancer Imaging Archive dataset (TCIA) for 260 subjects (120 High grade and 140 Low grade gliomas). A fully automated 2D densely connected model was trained to classify IDH mutation status on 208 subjects and tested on another held-out set of 52 subjects, using 5-fold cross validation. Data leakage was avoided by ensuring subject separation during the slice-wise randomization. Mean classification accuracy of 90.5% was achieved for each axial slice in predicting the three classes of no tumor, IDH mutated and IDH wild-type. Test accuracy of 83.8% was achieved in predicting IDH mutation status for individual subjects on the test dataset of 52 subjects. We demonstrate a deep learning method to predict IDH mutation status using T2w MRI alone. Radiologic imaging studies using deep learning methods must address data leakage (subject duplication) in the randomization process to avoid upward bias in the reported classification accuracy.
Practicality, utility and face-validity of the dynamic support database
Authors: Mottershead Trixie , Woodrow Ceri 
Published: September 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore the clinical perspective of the practicality, utility and face-validity of the dynamic support database (DSD) Red, Amber, Green (RAG) rating support tool within adult learning disabilities services in a North West NHS Foundation Trust. The aim of the current project is to evaluate the practicality, utility and face-validity of the DSD RAG rating support tool, as reported by clinicians who have been employing it.

Design/methodology/approach
A mixed-methods design was utilised by asking clinicians to complete a questionnaire in relation to the DSD Support Tool. Questionnaires were distributed across three community learning disability teams within the North West. A total of 50 clinicians completed the questionnaire which included rated responses for quantitative analysis and free-text comments for qualitative analysis.

Findings
Positive ratings given by clinicians suggested good practicality, utility and face-validity in relation to the tool. Analysis of the free-text comments suggested that the tool supported clinical judgement in a standardised way and helped discussions with commissioners. Feedback also provided insights into how the DSD support tool could be improved.

Research limitations/implications
Further investigation would be required to yield higher numbers of participation across NHS Trusts to add reliability to the present findings.

Originality/value
The DSD support tool has been used within the NHS Foundation Trust for the last 12 months however the practicality, utility and face-validity of the tool had not been explored from the clinician perspective.
Do gender diversity and CEO gender enhance firm’s value? Evidence from an emerging economy
Authors: Ullah Irfan , Fang Hongxing , Jebran Khalil 
Published: September 2019

PurposeThis paper aims to examine whether and how gender diversity and CEO gender can influence firm value in the emerging market of Pakistan. The study further tests whether these relations vary across state-owned enterprises (SOE) and non-state-owned enterprises (NSOE).Design/methodology/approachThis study considers Pakistani listed firms over the period 2010-2017. The firms have been divided into SOE and NSOE for additional analysis. Tobin’s Q is used to measure firm’s value.FindingsThe authors document that female directors (FDirectors) on corporate boards is positively associated with firm value. The findings also illustrate that female CEOs (FCEOs) enhances a firm value. Additional analyses show that the influence of FDirectors and FCEOs on firm value is stronger in NSOE than in SOE.Practical implicationsThe results suggest that gender diversity and CEO gender play a significant role in corporate decisions. The findings imply that FDirectors discipline the management, reduce agency conflicts and thereby improve corporate governance, resulting in higher firm value.Originality/valueThis study has two important contributions. First, while prior studies mostly based their arguments on using gender diversity of corporate boards, this study shows that a firm performance can be significantly improved if a female serves as a CEO. Second, this study also tests the stated relations for SOE and NSOE and show that gender diversity plays a significant role in NSOE than in SOE.
An empirical investigation of predicting employee performance through succession planning
Authors: Ali Zulqurnain , Mehreen Aqsa 
Published: September 2019

Purpose
Leadership development practices develop future leaders for the organizations which are evidence for the proper utilization of organizational resources. The purpose of this paper is to integrate succession planning into the job demands–resources (JD–R) model to predict individual performance.

Design/methodology/approach
In total, 239 participants were drawn from commercial banks located in a large city of Pakistan through a structured questionnaire. The proposed model was tested through structural equation modeling.

Findings
The results from 239 participants suggest that succession planning has a direct and indirect effect on engagement and employee performance through the JD–R model. Furthermore, job resources and engagement mediate the association between succession planning and employee performance.

Research limitations/implications
The present study employed a cross-sectional approach, and all constructs were answered on a self-report questionnaire. Thus, the findings should be validated through a longitudinal design by employing a more objective construct.

Practical implications
The banks should adopt proactive succession system to improve individual and organizational performance. Succession planning helps the banks to reduce recruitment cost and promote internal hiring. This study supports the managerial decisions making by mobilizing skilled and talented employees in the sudden resignation of a bank employee.

Social implications
Succession planning seems an important development factor that directly improves employees’ well-being through the JD–R model.

Originality/value
The present study demonstrates the integration of the JD–R model into succession planning.
Transient dynamic analysis of bars and trusses by the adaptive generalized finite element method
Authors: Col Debella Leticia , Cittadin Carolina Castro , Arndt Marcos , Machado Roberto Dalledone 
Published: September 2019

PurposeThis paper aims to present an adaptive approach of the generalized finite element method (GFEM) for transient dynamic analysis of bars and trusses. The adaptive GFEM, previously proposed for free vibration analysis, is used with the modal superposition method to obtain precise time-history responses.Design/methodology/approachThe adaptive GFEM is applied to the transient analysis of bars and trusses. To increase the precision of the results and computational efficiency, the modal matrix is responsible for the decoupling of the dynamic equilibrium equations in the modal superposition method, which is used with only the presence of the problem’s most preponderant modes of vibration. These modes of vibration are identified by a proposed coefficient capable of indicating the influence of each mode on the transient response.FindingsThe proposed approach leads to more accurate results of displacement, velocity and acceleration when compared to the traditional finite element method.Originality/valueIn this paper, the application of the adaptive GFEM to the transient analysis of bars and trusses is presented for the first time. A methodology of identification of the preponderant modes to be retained in the modal matrix is proposed to improve the quality of the solution. The examples showed that the method has a strong potential to solve dynamic analysis problems, as the approach had already proved to be efficient in the modal analysis of different framed structures. A simple way to performh-refinement of truss elements to obtain reference solutions for dynamic problems is also proposed.
How entrepreneurial orientation translates social identities into performance
Authors: Brändle Leif , Golla Stephan , Kuckertz Andreas 
Published: September 2019

PurposeEntrepreneurial orientation (EO) has been viewed almost exclusively through the lens of profit-driven firms. However, individuals engage in entrepreneurship not only for economic reasons but also to enrich a community or to advance society. Drawing on upper echelons theory, the purpose of this paper is to address this issue by proposing that founders’ social identities shape the strategic choices of their ventures.Design/methodology/approachDrawing on the data from 318 founders in the early stages of their entrepreneurial activity, the study applies partial least squares structural equation modeling to empirically test whether founders’ social identities influence their ventures’ EO.FindingsThe findings of the current research show that founders whose dominant purpose is the creation of value for others are more likely to launch ventures oriented toward innovation. On the other hand, ventures of founders driven by economic self-interest accept more risk, which leads to higher performance outcomes on the enterprise, community and societal levels.Originality/valueThe study enhances the EO discussion by adding social identity theory as a way to explain different levels of EO in firms and answers the call for more diversity in EO–performance measurement by applying specific outcomes on the enterprise, community and societal levels to investigate whether a firm’s EO leads to the desired outcomes.