bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Position of the Popliteal Artery and Peroneal Nerve Relative to the Menisci in Children: A Cadaveric Study
Authors: Shea Kevin G. , Dingel Aleksei B. , Styhl Alexandra , Richmond Connor G. , Cannamela Peter C. , Anderson Allen F. , Ganley Theodore J. , Hill Andrew , Yen Yi-Meng 
Published: June 2019

Background: Meniscal injury in skeletally immature patients is increasingly reported. During meniscal repair, all-inside devices may protrude beyond the posterior limits of the meniscus, putting the neurovascular structures at risk. Purpose: The purposes of this study were (1) to examine the relationship between the popliteal artery and the posterolateral and posteromedial aspects of the menisci, (2) to examine the relationship of the peroneal nerve to the posterolateral meniscus, and (3) to develop recommendations for avoiding neurovascular injury during posterior meniscal repair in pediatric patients. Study Design: Descriptive laboratory study. Methods: A total of 26 skeletally immature knee cadaveric specimens (7 females and 19 males) were included. Specimens were divided into age groups: 2-4, 5-8, and 9-11 years. The most posterior extent of the lateral and medial menisci was identified via sagittal and axial views on computed tomography (CT) scans. The shortest distance from the most posterior aspect of the lateral and medial menisci to the popliteal artery and the shortest distance from the posterior aspect of the lateral menisci to the anterior rim of the peroneal nerve were measured, and 3-dimensional models of representative specimens were re-created through use of CT scans. Results: For the age groups 2-4, 5-8, and 9-11 years, the mean minimum distance from the posterolateral meniscus to the popliteal artery was 5.2, 6.7, and 8.2 mm, respectively, and the mean minimum distance from the posteromedial meniscus to the popliteal artery was 12.7, 15.4, and 20.3 mm, respectively. In all groups, the distance between the posteromedial meniscus and the popliteal artery was greater than that between the posterolateral meniscus and the popliteal artery. The mean distance from the peroneal nerve to the lateral meniscus was 13.3, 15.0, and 17.9 mm for the respective groups. Conclusion: Many all-inside meniscal repair devices have sharp tips that penetrate posterior to the meniscus and capsule. This study demonstrated that the distance between the posterior meniscus and popliteal artery is relatively small in pediatric patients, especially for the lateral meniscus region. Clinical Relevance: Because of the higher potential for meniscal healing, meniscal repair is more likely to be performed in pediatric patients. The data in this study regarding the proximity of the lateral meniscus and neurovascular structures may be used to guide safe surgical repair of posterior meniscal tears during the use of all-inside meniscal repair devices in these patients.
Has the Quality of Patient–Provider Communication About Survivorship Care Improved?
Authors: Rai Ashish , Chawla Neetu , Han Xuesong , Rim Sun Hee , Smith Tenbroeck , de Moor Janet , Yabroff Karen R. 
Published: July 2019

PURPOSE: The aim of the current study was to assess whether the quality of patient–provider communication on key elements of cancer survivorship care changed between 2011 and 2016. METHODS: Participating survivors completed the 2011 or 2016 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey Experiences with Cancer Surveys (N = 2,266). Participants reported whether any clinician ever discussed different aspects of survivorship care. Responses ranged from “Did not discuss at all” to “Discussed it with me in detail”. Distributions of responses were compared among all respondents and only among those who had received cancer-directed treatment within 3 years of the survey. RESULTS: In 2011, the percentage of survivors who did not receive detailed instructions on follow-up care, late or long-term adverse effects, lifestyle recommendations, and emotional or social needs were 35.1% (95% CI, 31.9% to 38.4%), 54.2% (95% CI, 50.7% to 57.6%), 58.9% (95% CI, 55.3% to 62.5%), and 69.2% (95% CI, 65.9% to 72.3%), respectively, and the corresponding proportions for 2016 were 35.4% (95% CI, 31.9% to 37.8%), 55.5% (95% CI, 51.7% to 59.3%), 57.8% (95% CI, 54.2% to 61.2%), and 68.2% (95% CI, 64.3% to 71.8%), respectively. Findings were similar among recently treated respondents. Only 24% in 2011 and 22% in 2016 reported having detailed discussions about all four topics. In 2016, 47.6% of patients (95% CI, 43.8% to 51.4%) reported not having detailed discussions with their providers about a summary of their cancer treatments. CONCLUSION: Clear gaps in the quality of communication between survivors of cancer and providers persist. Our results highlight the need for continued efforts to improve communication between survivors of cancer and providers, including targeted interventions in key survivorship care areas.
Understanding diversity in oxidative status and oxidative stress: the opportunities and challenges ahead
Authors: Costantini David 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
Oxidative stress may be of profound biological relevance. In this Commentary, I discuss some key issues faced by the emerging field of oxidative stress ecology, and seek to provide interpretations and solutions. First, I show that the way in which we define oxidative stress has far-reaching implications for the interpretation of results, and that we need to distinguish between (1) a biochemical definition in terms of the molecular outcomes of oxidative stress (e.g. generation of oxidative damage) and (2) a biological definition in terms of the fitness consequences for the organism (e.g. effects on fertility). Second, I discuss the dangers of comparing different tissues and markers. Third, I highlight the need to pay more attention to the cross-talk between oxidative stress and other important physiological costs and functions; this will allow us to better understand the mechanistic basis of fitness costs. Fourth, I propose the ‘redox signalling hypothesis’ of life history to complement the current ‘oxidative stress hypothesis’ of life history. The latter states that oxidative damage underlies trade-offs because it affects traits like growth, reproduction or cell senescence. By contrast, the redox signalling hypothesis states that a trade-off between signalling and biochemical oxidative stress underlies the regulation of reactive oxygen species production and their subsequent control. Finally, I critically appraise our current knowledge of oxidative stress ecology, highlighting key research themes and providing an optimistic overview of future opportunities for the discipline to yield considerable insight into the ecological and evolutionary meaning of oxidative stress.
Deep inspiration breath-hold intensity modulated radiation therapy in a large clinical series of 239 left-sided breast cancer patients: a dosimetric analysis of organs at risk doses and clinical feasibility from a single center experience
Authors: Testolin Alessandro , Ciccarelli Stefano , Vidano Giulia , Avitabile Rossella , Dusi Francesca , Alongi Filippo 
Published: July 2019

Objective:
To evaluate dose to organs at risk, target coverage and treatment compliance in left-sided breast cancer patients (LSBCP) treated with deep inspiration breath-hold (DIBH) and intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) technique in a contest of daily clinical practice.

Methods:
A total of 280 consecutive LSBCP referred for adjuvant radiotherapy were systematically screened for suitability of DIBH technique. 239 were able to comply with the requirement for DIBH. Whole breast or chest wall were irradiated in DIBH, monitored by Varian RPM™ Respiratory Gating System, and two tangential inverse-planned beams with dynamic dose delivery. Dose prescription was 42.4 Gy/16 fractions in 205 patients and 50 Gy/25 fractions in 34. 23 patients received local and nodal treatment. Boost to tumor bed, of 10 Gy/5 fractions was used in 135 patients. Relevant dose metrics for heart, left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery, lungs, contralateral breast and planning target volume were retrospectively analyzed.

Results:
The average mean heart dose (MHD) for all patients was 0.94 Gy and mean maximum LAD dose was 13.82 Gy. MHD and LAD maximum dose were significantly higher in patients treated with conventional fractionation whether expressed in absolute dose (1.44 vs 0.85 Gy, p &lt; 0.0005 and 20.78 vs 12.45 Gy, p &lt; 0.0005 respectively) or in equivalent doses of 2 Gy fractionation (0.88 vs 0.52 Gy, p =&lt; 0.0005 and 17.68 vs 10.63 Gy, p = 0.0002 respectively). In 57 patients (23.8%) the maximum LAD dose was &gt;20 Gy. Mean V20 ipsilateral lung dose was 8.5%. Mean doses of contralateral breast and lung were 0.13 Gy and 0.09 Gy respectively. Mean planning target volume V95% coverage was 96.1%. Compliance rate of DIBH technique was 84.5% (239/280).

Conclusion:
DIBH and IMRT in daily clinical practice are feasible in high percentage of unselected patients and allows low levels of irradiation of organs at risk without compromising target coverage. However, despite low MHD a significant proportion of patients receives a maximum LAD dose superior to 20 Gy.

Advances in knowledge:
The value of MHD used exclusively is not able to describe entirely the risk of late heart toxicity, which can be better evaluated with the joint analysis of the maximum dose to LAD region. The vast majority of LSBCP referred to adjuvant radiotherapy in the setting of routine practice are able to comply with the requirement of DIBH.
Allergy and related clinical symptoms among medical students and interns
Authors: Ibrahim Nahla Khamis , Alghamdi Abeer Ali , Almehmadi Mayar Majed , Alzahrani Asma'a Abdulwahed , Turkistani Asraa Khairallah , Alghamdi Khalid 
Published: June 2019

Objectives: To determine the prevalence, types, clinical presentations, triggers, and predictors of allergic disorders among medical students and interns at King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Methods: A cross-sectional design was used for this study in which 600 medical students and interns were selected by a multistage stratified random sampling. A validated, confidential, selfadministered questionnaire was used during 2016 / 2017. It asked about the previous diagnosis of allergic disorders, associated factors, types, clinical symptoms and the triggering allergenic. Descriptive & inferential statistics were done and logistic regression analysis was conducted.
Results: The overall prevalence of diagnosed allergic disorder(s) among the participants was 36.2%.The commonest types of allergy were skin (33.8%) followed by respiratory (29.5%) presentations. The most frequently reported allergenic triggers were the house dust (45.6%) and smoke (30.4%). The first allergy predictor was family history of allergic disorders (aOR= 4.35, 95 % CI: 2.96-6.39), followed by female gender. Regarding the outcome of allergy on students’ life, 16.1% occasionally missed classes, and 28.6% had sleep disturbance during allergic attacks.
Conclusion: Allergy represents an important problem among medical students and interns. Family history and female gender were the predictors of allergy. Skin and respiratory allergies were the most common types. House dust and smoke were the commonest allergenic triggers. Detection of allergens and management of cases of allergy among medical students and interns are needed. Education and conduction of awareness campaigns about allergy are needed.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.4.1281
How to cite this:Ibrahim NK, Alghamdi AA, Almehmadi MM, Alzahrani AA, Turkistani AK, Alghamdi K. Allergy and related clinical symptoms among medical students and interns. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(4):1060-1065. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.4.1281
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Spontaneous regression of extruded lumbar disc herniation: Correlation with clinical outcome
Authors: Kesikburun Bilge , Eksioglu Emel , Turan Aynur , Adiguzel Emre , Kesikburun Serdar , Cakci Aytul 
Published: June 2019

Objective: To evaluate the natural history of lumbar extruded disc with conservative treatment on MRI and to assess relation between the radiologic changes and clinical outcome.
Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted at University of Health Sciences, Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Training and Research Hospital between May 2015-June 2018. It included consecutive patients who were diagnosed as having lumbar symptomatic extruded disc as shown in MRI. After an average period of 17.0±7.2 months, repeat MRI was taken in 40 patients who received only conservative care during follow-up. Changes in the volume of herniated disc was measured. The patients were assigned into 3 groups as follow: (1) non-regression, (2) partial-regression, and (3) complete resolution. Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) pain score, the Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability Index (ODI) and muscle weakness were evaluated.
Results: Based on disc volume of the T2-weighted MR images; four patients (10%) did not show any regression, six patients (15%) had a partial regression, and 30 patients (75%) had a complete resolution. Patients with complete resolution showed a significant improvement in the NRS pain score and the ODI score (p<0,001) over time. In patients with partial regression, only the ODI score improved significantly (p=0,043). Non-regression group did not show any improvement in any clinical outcome measure (p>0,05). Changes in the NRS scores over time were significantly higher in complete resolution group compared to non-regression group (p=0.016).
Conclusion: The majority of the patients with extruded lumbar disc herniation might have reduction in size of herniated disc in the long run along with improvement in symptoms and function with conservative care.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.4.346
How to cite this:Kesikburun B, Eksioglu E, Turan A, Adiguzel E, Kesikburun S, Cakci A. Spontaneous regression of extruded lumbar disc herniation: Correlation with clinical outcome. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(4):974-980. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.4.346
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Nurses in double trouble: Antecedents of job burnout in nursing profession
Authors: Ahmed Mirza Ashfaq , Shahzad Mirza Naveed , Akram Bushra 
Published: June 2019

Objective: To understand the most prominent factors contributing to job burnout in the nursing profession.
Methods: Mixed method design was used in this study. In the qualitative part of the study, a focus group discussion approach was used to determine the major factors contributing in nurses’ job burnout. The quantitative part was conducted by using a questionnaire based on the theme generated in the qualitative part along with other demographic information. The data was collected from 93 nurses with 90.3% response rate.
Results: The proposed logistic regression model was able to correctly classify the 96% job burnout cases using factors mutually agreed in the focus group discussion. All the factors are significantly contributing to job burnout. However, the unfavourable work environment contributes more to job burnout as compared to the unfavourable support from family.
Conclusion: unfavourable support of work environment and unfavourable support from family are the main contributors in the job burnout of nurses. Therefore, an equal improvements in both areas should be made on the priority basis to retain the happy nurses to deliver excellent healthcare services.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.4.600
How to cite this:Shahzad MN, Ahmed MA, Akram B. Nurses in double trouble: Antecedents of job burnout in nursing profession. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(4):934-939. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.4.600
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Data Analytics Supports Decentralized Innovation
Authors: Wu Lynn , Lou Bowen , Hitt Lorin 
Published: July 2019

Data-analytics technology can accelerate the innovation process by enabling existing knowledge to be identified, accessed, combined, and deployed to address new problem domains. However, like prior advances in information technology, the ability of firms to exploit these opportunities depends on a variety of complementary human capital and organizational capabilities. We focus on whether analytics is more valuable in firms where innovation within a firm has decentralized groups of inventors or centralized ones. Our analysis draws on prior work measuring firm-analytics capability using detailed employee-level data and matches these data to metrics on intrafirm inventor networks that reveal whether a firm’s innovation structure is centralized or decentralized. In a panel of 1,864 publicly traded firms from the years 1988–2013, we find that firms with a decentralized innovation structure have a greater demand for analytics skills and receive greater productivity benefits from their analytics capabilities, consistent with a complementarity between analytics and decentralized innovation. We also find that analytics helps decentralized structures to create new combinations and reuse of existing technologies, consistent with the ability of analytics to link knowledge across diverse domains and to integrate external knowledge into the firm. Furthermore, the effect primarily comes from the analytics capabilities of the noninventor employees as opposed to inventors themselves. These results show that the benefit of analytics on innovation depends on existing organizational structures. Similar to the IT–productivity paradox, these results can help explain a contemporary analytics–innovation paradox—the apparent slowdown in innovation despite the recent increase in analytics investments. This paper was accepted by Anandhi Bharadwaj, information systems.
September Revolution’s Reflection in the New York Times Newspaper Between June 1961 and December 1970
Authors: Waisy Karwan S. 
Published: June 2019

This article examines the reflection of the September Revolution in the New York Times Newspaper between June, 1961 and December, 1970 during the cold war. During the period under this study, many events, political and military advancements, which were related to the Kurdish issue in the Middle East, have been reported in New York Times. This newspaper endeavored to explore the Kurdish issue and the politics of the regional player specifically that of Iran, Turkey and Iraq towards the Kurds, what is more, the objective of Kurdish leaders of declaring uprisings and revolts against the regional powers to the world in general and the United States of America in particular. This study consists of a theoretical background, two sections and a conclusion. In its introduction, this article sheds light on the reflection of the September Revolution in Iraqi Kurdistan in the reports of the New York Times Newspaper and how it has introduced the Kurdish issue in the Cold war warmness from 1961 to 1962. In addition, it shows the significance, objectives and method of it.
Message of Hilal Son Prince Badr Hasnawy About Imprisoning His Father
Authors: Abdullah Kamaran A. 
Published: June 2019

Hilal Bin Badr published his noted message after imprisoning his father. The brutality of his illegitimate action gave birth to a lot of resentment among the people. This research is divided into two sections. In the first section, we spoke about the reasons for the spread for Hilal’s message by shedding light on two matters. In the first point, we explained the reaction of people towards (Hilal) and its effect on the spread of his letter. While in the second point we spoke about the credibility, prestige, and legitimacy of the prince (Badir). We pointed out the populace and the Abbasid Caliph had held Prince Badr with high esteem. In the first part of this section, we spoke about the manipulation of religion by (Hilal) to legitimate his coup against his father. and in the second part we pointed out the extent to which (Hilal) has gone by attributing an exaggerated image of himself and drawing a negative and unauthentic picture of the prince (Badr). It became obvious to us that this accusation was against of what historians and historical sources that mentioned prince (Badir) respectfully and for being innocent from this accusation.
بناء اختبار لتقييم مستوى اداء الحكام باستعمال التقنيات الحديثة بخاصية (3D) في رياضة المصارعة
Authors: Ismael Hadi H. , Burhan Wism Y. , Mawlood Ahmed SH. 
Published: June 2019

تمتاز لعبة المصارعة بكثرة مسكاتها ومهاراتها الحركية الأساسية والمتنوعة الدفاعية والهجومية لذا وجب على ان يكون الحكم على قدر واسع من المعرفة واليقظة وخصوصا في المنافسات القوية ومن خلال خبرة احد الباحثون في مجال لعبة المصارعة ومشاركته في العديد من البطولات والدورات التحكيمية لاحظ ان هنالك عدم موضوعية في عملية تقيم مستوى الحكام , لهذا ارتأى الباحثون اعداد اختبار لتقيم مستوى اداء الحكام ,هدفت الدراسة إلى استعمال التقنيات الحديثة بخاصية 3D في بناء اختبار لتقييم مستوى اداء الحكام و تحديد درجات مستويات معيارية لتقييم مستوى اداء الحكام في رياضة المصارعة.وايظاً التعرف على مستوى اداء الحكام باستعمال التقنيات ذاتها . استعمل الباحثون المنهج الوصفي بأسلوب المسحي لملائمته طبيعة مشكلة البحث ، وتم تحديد مجتمع البحث والمتمثل بحكام المعتمدين لدى لجنة الحكام في الاتحاد المركزي للمصارعة والبالغ عددهم (38) حكم وبعد ذلك قام الباحثون باستعمال نضارة بخاصية 3D في بناء اختبار لتقييم مستوى اداء الحكام في رياضة المصارعة مع استعمال استمارة لتقيم الاداء وتم اجراء الاسس العلمية للاختبار وبعد تصميم الاختبار تم التوصل الى ان الاختبار المصمم من قبل الباحثون قد حقق الغاية منه وهي تقييم مستوى الحكام في لعبة رياضة المصارعة وكان المستوى العام لعينة البحث بناءا على وسطهم الحسابي يقعون ضمن المستوى المتوسط .
بناء وتقنين اختبار رمي الكرة الطبية زنة ١كغم بالذراع المميزة من وضع الجلوس على الكرسي
Authors: Darweesh Nawzad H. 
Published: June 2019

يهدف البحث الى ما يأتي:
١-بناء اختبار يقيس القوة الانفجارية بالذراع المميزة في لعبة الكرة الطائرة.
٢-تقنين اختبار يقيس القوة الانفجارية بالذراع المميزة في لعبة الكرة الطائرة.
٣-وضع درجات ومستويات معيارية للاختبار القوة الانفجارية بالذراع المميزة في لعبة الكرة الطائرة.
واشتملت عينة البحث علىناشئي الكرة الطائرة بأعمار(14-16) سنة في محافظة اربيل، وقد اختار الباحث العينة بطريقة عمدية والمتمثلة (بمراكز الشباب في محافظة اربيل) والبالغ عددهم (106) لاعباً للكرة الطائرة . وقد استخدم الباحث المنهج الوصفي، وتم استعمال عدد من الأجهزة والأدوات ووسائل جمع البيانات ونم معالجتها إحصائيا وتم التوصل الى المواصفات الكاملة للاختبار لقياس صفة القوة الانفجارية للذراع المميزة في لعبة الكرة الطائرة تتوفر فيها المعاملات العلمية من صدق وثبات وموضوعية وأوصى الباحث باستخدامه في قياس القوة الانفجارية للاعبين(الناشئين) في الكرة الطائرة. وتكمن اهمية البحث في محاولة بناء اختبار رمي الكرة الطبية زنة (1كغم) بالذراع المميزة من وضع الجلوس على الكرسي في لعبة الكرة الطائرة. من أجل القياس القوة الانفجارية للذراع المميزة بشكل مستخلصوالعمل على تطوير ادوات القياس والتقويم في مجال لعبة الكرة الطائرة.