bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mortalidad infantil por desnutrición y condiciones de pobreza enTucumán (Argentina): Magnitudes, manifestaciones espaciales y acciones familiares en los primeros años del siglo XXI
Authors: Longhi Fernando , Del Castillo Alejandra 
Published: June 2018

<p>El problema de la desnutrición infantil en Tucumán adquirió una repercusión inusitada en los inicios del siglo XXI. Fueron numerosos los casos que tomaron trascendencia periodística nacional e internacional. Pudo observarse en aquella oportunidad que el problema de la desnutrición infantil, lejos de ser solucionado, adquiría, en los albores del siglo XXI, magnitudes increíbles para Argentina en general y para Tucumán en particular. Sin embargo, más allá de lo “novedoso” del problema y la “sorpresa” por su magnitud, muchas características elementales del problema se ignoraban. En esta propuesta pretendemos aproximarnos al complejo mundo de la desnutrición infantil en la provincia de Tucumán durante los primeros años del siglo XXI, detectando las principales manifestaciones que adquiría el problema, tanto en sus tendencias temporales como en sus expresiones espaciales. Se busca también, a través de estudios de caso, examinar el contexto y las respuestas de la población afectada para resolver el problema junto a la incidencia de las políticas sociales y sanitarias en esta materia. </p>
La financiarización de la agricultura: La participación del plan de pensiones de Canadá en Glencore
Authors: Echánove Huacuja Flavia 
Published: June 2018

<p>La financiarización del sistema global alimentario, intensificada a raíz de la crisis del 2007–08, ha dado lugar a la diversificación y el fortalecimiento de los llamados agentes financieros. Entre éstos se encuentran los inversores institucionales, que agrupan a entidades como los fondos de pensiones (privados y públicos). Entre las estrategias de inversión de éstos, han adquirido relevancia las realizadas en el sector agro–alimentario, tanto en las distintas fases de las cadenas de valor (acopio, producción, procesamiento, comercialización), como en tierras agrícolas. El objetivo de este artículo es el análisis de la reciente participación del fondo de pensiones público de Canadá (CPPIB), el octavo a nivel mundial, en la división agrícola de una de las cinco principales empresas globales alimentarias: Glencore. </p><p> </p>
Accesibilidad y conectividad geográfica en áreas rurales. Caso de la comuna de María Pinto, Chile
Authors: Ubilla-Bravo Gerardo 
Published: June 2018

En América Latina y especialmente en Chile, las áreas rurales son espacios que todavía presentan brechas de desarrollo en torno a la accesibilidad y la conectividad geográfica del territorio. La geografía puede aportar enfoques conceptuales y metodológicos para superar las brechas espaciales. Este artículo apunta a determinar y categorizar la accesibilidad y conectividad geográfica que tiene la población rural respecto de su centro urbano. Consideramos el estudio de caso como enfoque para analizar este tema, abordando de este modo la situación de la comuna de María Pinto, localizada en la Región Metropolitana de Santiago, Chile. Los objetivos que guían esta investigación son: caracterizar la red vial existente, determinar la conectividad y la accesibilidad geográfica intracomunal y determinar áreas homogéneas de accesibilidad en relación con el centro urbano de la comuna de María Pinto. En la discusión y conclusiones planteamos la relevancia que estos conceptos tienen con la movilidad de la población rural como parte de las políticas de desarrollo.
Spécificité identitaire, usage du vécu partagé et exercice contemporain de la psychoéducation
Authors: Daigle Sonia , Couture Caroline , Renou Marcel , Potvin Pierre , Rousseau Michel 
Published: June 2018

À propos de l’identité professionnelle, Vilbrod (2003) soutient que toute spécificité ne peut se révéler intemporelle et résulte de compromis rendus nécessaires par l’évolution des contextes sociétal et communautaire. Dans ce texte, les auteurs montrent que le vécu partagé, tel que conçu initialement, ne constitue plus le socle de l’intervention psychoéducative. Ils affirment que la spécificité de la psychoéducation reposerait actuellement sur un ensemble de concepts fondamentaux, au lieu du seul vécu partagé. Or, l’Ordre des psychoéducateurs et psychoéducatrices du Québec (OPPQ 2010, 2011a), définit la profession du psychoéducateur sur la base d’un accompagnement effectué dans un contexte de vécu partagé, au moyen d’activités quotidiennes ou d’activités spécifiquement planifiées, ce qui correspond à la définition initiale (traditionnelle) du vécu partagé (Gendreau, 2001; Renou, 2005, 2014). La question à l’étude est la suivante : dans quelle mesure le vécu partagé est-il encore de nos jours le fondement de la spécificité identitaire des psychoéducateurs? Deux objectifs sont poursuivis : 1) Faire état de l’usage que les psychoéducateurs font du vécu partagé dans le cadre de leurs activités professionnelles. 2) Établir dans quelle mesure la définition de la profession statuée par l’OPPQ demeure représentative de la pratique contemporaine de ses membres. Les résultats révèlent que le psychoéducateur fait très peu usage du vécu partagé. Il considère qu’il est en vécu partagé tout autant avec un intervenant qu’avec un usager. Définir la profession du psychoéducateur dans son rapport à la notion de vécu partagé, tel que défini traditionnellement, est en discordance avec l’exercice contemporain de la psychoéducation.
Phytoregionalisation of the Andean páramo
Authors: Peyre Gwendolyn , Balslev Henrik , Font Xavier 
Published: June 2018

BackgroundThe páramo is a high-elevation biogeographical province in the northern Andes, known for its great biodiversity and ecosystem services. Because there have been very few biogeographic studies encompassing the entire province to date, this study aimed at conducting a phytogeographical regionalisation of the páramo. Specifically, (1) clustering analyses were conducted to identify the main phytogeographical units in the three altitudinal belts: sub-páramo, mid-páramo and super-páramo, and examine their diagnostic flora, (2) an ordination complemented the geo-climatic characterization of the obtained units and (3) a hierarchical classification transformation was obtained to evaluate the relationships between units.MethodsThe study area included the entire Andean páramo range in northern Peru, Ecuador, Colombia and Venezuela. The analyses were based on 1,647 phytosociological plots from theVegPáramodatabase. The K-means non-hierarchical clustering technique was used to obtain clusters identifiable as phytogeographical units, and the Ochiai fidelity index was calculated to identify their diagnostic species. A principal component analysis was conducted to obtain the geo-climatic characterization of each unit. Finally, the relationships between clusters were traced using a hierarchical plot-based classification.ResultsFifteen clusters were obtained, 13 natural and two artificial, of which two represented the sub-páramo, nine the mid-páramo and four the super-páramo. Even though data representativeness was a potential limitation to segregate certain sub-páramo and super-páramo units, the overall bioregionalisation was robust and represented important latitudinal, altitudinal and climatic gradients.DiscussionThis study is the first to bioregionalise the páramo province based on a substantial widely distributed biological dataset, and therefore provides important novel scientific insight on its biogeography. The obtained phytogeographical units can be used to support further research on the páramo at smaller scale and on the humid Neotropical high-elevation ecosystems at broader-scale. Finally, several units were highlighted in our results as particularly worthy of further scientific and conservation focus.
An Electrophilic Trifluoromethylthiolation of Silylenol Ethers and β‐Naphthols with Diethylaminosulfur Trifluoride and (Trifluoromethyl)trimethylsilane
Authors: Saravanan Perumal , Anbarasan Pazhamalai 
Published: June 2018

AbstractAn efficient and general trifluoromethylthiolation of silylenol ethers and β‐naphthols have been accomplished employing the combination of diethylaminosulfur trifluoride (DAST) and (trifluoromethyl)trimethylsilane (CF3TMS) as source of electrophilic trifluoromethylthio moiety for the synthesis of α‐trifluoromethylthiolated carbonyl compounds and β‐naphthols in good yields. Important features of this method include wide functional group tolerance and use of readily available DAST/CF3TMS. Potential of the methodology was demonstrated via the synthesis of α‐trifluoromethylthiolated (+)‐4‐cholesten‐3‐one and naphthoquinone.magnified image
Copper‐Catalyzed Domino C−C Bond Cleavage of 2,3‐Unsubstituted Indoles/Indolines and Oxindoles via Oxidation and Directed Insertion of 2‐Aminopyridines: Direct Access to Quinazolinediones
Authors: Ravi Owk , Ramaraju Andhavaram , Sridhar Balasubramanian , Bathula Surendar Reddy 
Published: June 2018

AbstractCopper‐catalyzed domino C−C bond cleavage of 2,3‐unsubstituted Indole/Indolines and Oxindoles through oxygenation followed by insertion of 2‐aminopyridine has been described. This method implies the formation of two new C−N and C−O bonds using molecular oxygen as a sole oxidant for construction of highly valuable Quinazoline‐2,4(1H,3H)‐dione derivatives from readily available substrates.magnified image
Recent Advances of Layered Thermoelectric Materials
Authors: Liu Yichen , Wang Wenxuan , Yang Jack , Li Sean 
Published: June 2018

AbstractWith the continuous demands on developing renewable energy technologies to solve the global energy crisis, thermoelectric materials have attracted huge attention due to their ability to convert waste heat to useful electricity. The main advantage of layer‐structured materials for thermoelectric purposes and applications is that they can separate the interdependent electrical and thermal conductivity to optimize their contribution to thermoelectric energy conversion. The anisotropic electronic and phononic transport behaviors in layered structures are the crucial driving forces behind the growing interest for this family of materials. In this review, recent progress of layered thermoelectric materials and their ubiquitous physical properties including their competitive advantages and disadvantages are analyzed and summarized. Layered cobalt oxides, bismuth selenide, artificial superlattice, 2D materials, and van der Waals heterostructures are discussed. It is suggested that the development of layered materials, artificial superlattices, complex nitrides, and carbon‐based materials may play important roles in thermoelectric power regeneration.
11,11,12,12‐Tetracyanonaphtho‐2,6‐quinodimethane in Contact with Ferromagnetic Electrodes for Organic Spintronics
Authors: Shi Shengwei , Sun Zhengyi , Liu Xianjie , Bedoya‐Pinto Amilcar , Graziosi Patrizio , Yu Huangzhong , Li Wenting , Liu Gang , Hueso Luis , Dediu Valentin A. , Fahlman Mats 
Published: June 2018

AbstractSpinterface engineering has shown quite important roles in organic spintronics as it can improve spin injection or extraction. In this study, 11,11,12,12‐tetracyanonaptho‐2,6‐quinodimethane (TNAP) is introduced as an interfacial layer for a prototype interface of Fe/TNAP. An element‐specific investigation of the electronic and magnetic structures of Fe/TNAP system by use of near edge X‐Ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) and X‐ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) is reported. Strong hybridization between TNAP and Fe and induced magnetization of N atoms in TNAP molecule are observed. XMCD sum rule analysis demonstrates that the adsorption of TNAP reduces the spin moment of Fe by 12%. In addition, induced magnetization in N K‐edge of TNAP is also found with other commonly used ferromagnets in organic spintronics, such as La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 and permalloy, which makes TNAP a very promising molecule for spinterface engineering in organic spintronics.
A Universal Platform for Fabricating Organic Electrochemical Devices
Authors: Duong Duc T. , Tuchman Yaakov , Chakthranont Pong , Cavassin Priscila , Colucci Renan , Jaramillo Thomas F. , Salleo Alberto , Faria Gregório C. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractA general method and accompanying guidelines for fabricating both nonaqueous and aqueous based organic electrochemical devices (OECTs) using water‐insoluble hydrophobic semiconducting polymers are presented. By taking advantage of the interactions of semiconducting polymers in certain organic solvents and the formation of a stable liquid‐liquid interface between such solvents and water, OECTs with high transconductance, ON/OFF ratios of up to 106, and enhancements in stability are successfully fabricated. Additionally, key fundamental properties are extracted of both the device and the active channel materials, including the volumetric capacitance and the intrinsic hole mobility. The device architecture and basic principles presented herein are expected to apply to all semiconducting polymers and enable the use in organic bioelectronics of thousands of water‐insoluble materials that have been developed over the last several decades for traditional thin film electronics. Furthermore, the fabrication of low‐powered organic electrochemical artificial synapses is demonstrated.
2D Tunnel Field Effect Transistors (FETs) with a Stable Charge‐Transfer‐Type p+‐WSe2 Source
Authors: He Junyang , Fang Nan , Nakamura Keigo , Ueno Keiji , Taniguchi Takashi , Watanabe Kenji , Nagashio Kosuke 
Published: June 2018

Abstract2D materials are highly promising for tunnel field effect transistors (TFETs) with low subthreshold swing and high drive current because the shorter tunnel distance and strong gate controllability can be expected from the van der Waals gap distance and the atomically sharp heterointerface formed independently of lattice matching. However, the common problem for 2D–2D TFETs is the lack of highly doped 2D materials with the high process stability as the sources. In this study, it is found that p+‐WSe2 doped by charge transfer from a WOx surface oxide layer can be stabilized by transferring it onto an h‐BN substrate. Using this p+‐WSe2 as a source, all‐solid‐state 2D–2D heterostructure TFETs with an Al2O3 top gate insulator, i.e., type‐II p+‐WSe2/MoS2 and type‐III p+‐WSe2/WSe2 are fabricated. The band‐to‐band tunneling and negative differential resistance trends are clearly demonstrated at low temperatures. This work suggests that high doped 2D crystal of the charge transfer type is an excellent choice as sources for TFETs.
Stable Formamidinium‐Based Perovskite Solar Cells via In Situ Grain Encapsulation
Authors: Liu Tanghao , Zhou Yuanyuan , Li Zhen , Zhang Lin , Ju Ming‐Gang , Luo Deying , Yang Ye , Yang Mengjin , Kim Dong Hoe , Yang Wenqiang , Padture Nitin P. , Beard Matthew C. , Zeng Xiao Cheng , Zhu Kai , Gong Qihuang , Zhu Rui 
Published: June 2018

AbstractFormamidinium (FA)‐based lead iodide perovskites have emerged as the most promising light‐absorber materials in the prevailing perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, they suffer from the phase‐instability issue in the ambient atmosphere, which is holding back the realization of the full potential of FA‐based PSCs in the context of high efficiency and stability. Herein, the tetraethylorthosilicate hydrolysis process is integrated with the solution crystallization of FA‐based perovskites, forming a new film structure with individual perovskite grains encapsulated by amorphous silica layers that are in situ formed at the nanoscale. The silica not only protects perovskite grains from the degradation but also enhances the charge‐carrier dynamics of perovskite films. The underlying mechanism is discussed using a joint experiment‐theory approach. Through this in situ grain encapsulation method, PSCs show an efficiency close to 20% with an impressive 97% retention after 1000‐h storage under ambient conditions.
A New Platinum‐Like Efficient Electrocatalyst for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction at All pH: Single‐Crystal Metallic Interweaved V8C7 Networks
Authors: Xu Haitao , Wan Jing , Zhang Huijuan , Fang Ling , Liu Li , Huang Zhengyong , Li Jian , Gu Xiao , Wang Yu 
Published: June 2018

AbstractExploring low‐cost hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) catalysts with remarkable activity over wide pH range (0–14) still remains an enormous challenge. Herein, for the first time, a novel platinum‐like, double‐deck carbon coated V8C7 networks with the highly active (110) facet exposed as a new efficient HER electrocatalyst is reported. The single‐crystal interweaved V8C7 networks are designed and fabricated based on a low crystal‐mismatch strategy and confinement effect of double‐deck carbon coating. In addition, electrochemical tests and theoretical simulation indicate that the metallic character of V8C7, high‐activity of exposed facet, and low barrier energy for water dissociation can contribute to highly catalytic activity of HER. Impressively, the HER performances of the interweaved V8C7 networks can be comparable to those of Pt at an all‐pH environment, with Tafel slopes of 44, 64, and 34.5 mV dec−1and overpotential of 47, 77, and 38 mV at −10 mA cm−2 in 1 m KOH, 0.1 m phosphate buffer, and 0.5 m H2SO4, respectively. This work provides a blueprint for exploring new‐type platinum‐like catalysts for various energy conversion systems.
Recent Progress in Biomass‐Derived Electrode Materials for High Volumetric Performance Supercapacitors
Authors: Jin Huile , Li Jun , Yuan Yifei , Wang Jichang , Lu Jun , Wang Shun 
Published: June 2018

AbstractTremendous efforts have been spent on the development of electrical energy storage (EES) systems with high volumetric performance in the past few years due to the evergrowing demand of miniaturized, portable electronic devices, and electric vehicles. Among all the EES devices, supercapacitors with electrode materials derived from biosources have attracted special attention due to their eco‐friendliness, natural abundance, their intrinsic porous structures as well as their renewable and sustainable features. However, the relatively low packing densities make their specific volumetric capacitance intrinsically low, which has largely limited their further application in the supercapacitors. To address these issues, various promising approaches ranging from structural manufacture to compositional design are applied and significant breakthroughs are witnessed in recent years. In this progress report, key factors influencing the volumetric performance of biomass‐derived electrode materials are systematically discussed with a particular focus spanning from fundamental to operational aspects. This work provides insights into the development of high‐volumetric‐performance biomass‐derived supercapacitors by comprehensively summarizing recent advances in the rational structural design and fabrication. Perspectives regarding the future challenges and promising research directions on the design of next‐generation EES devices are also provided.
In Situ Grown Bimetallic MOF‐Based Composite as Highly Efficient Bifunctional Electrocatalyst for Overall Water Splitting with Ultrastability at High Current Densities
Authors: Senthil Raja Duraisamy , Chuah Xui‐Fang , Lu Shih‐Yuan 
Published: June 2018

AbstractA newly designed water‐stable NH2‐MIL‐88B(Fe2Ni)‐metal–organic framework (MOF), in situ grown on the surface of a highly conducting 3D macroporous nickel foam (NF), termed NFN‐MOF/NF, is demonstrated to be a highly efficient bifunctional electrocatalyst for overall water splitting with ultrastability at high current densities. The NFN‐MOF/NF achieves ultralow overpotentials of 240 and 87 mV at current density of 10 mA cm−2 for the oxygen evolution reaction and hydrogen evolution reaction, respectively, in 1 m KOH. For the overall water splitting, it requires only an ultralow cell voltage of 1.56 V to reach the current density of 10 mA cm−2, outperforming the pairing of Pt/C on NF as the cathode and IrO2 on NF as the anode at the same catalyst loading. The stability of the NFN‐MOF/NF catalyst is also outstanding, exhibiting only a minor chronopotentiometric decay of 7.8% at 500 mA cm−2 after 30 h. The success of the present NFN‐MOF/NF catalyst is attributed to the abundant active centers, the bimetallic clusters {Fe2Ni(µ3‐O)(COO)6(H2O)3}, in the MOF, the positive coupling effect between Ni and Fe metal ions in the MOF, and synergistic effect between the MOF and NF.
EXHANCE‐12: 1‐year study of the exhalation delivery system with fluticasone (EDS‐FLU) in chronic rhinosinusitis
Authors: Palmer James N. , Jacobson Kraig W. , Messina John C. , Kosik‐Gonzalez Colette , Djupesland Per G. , Mahmoud Ramy A. 
Published: June 2018

BackgroundInadequate efficacy of current intranasal steroids in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is attributable to ineffective and/or inconsistent drug delivery to target anatomic sites. A new exhalation delivery system with fluticasone (EDS‐FLU) may improve outcomes by significantly increasing superior/posterior corticosteroid delivery. A study was conducted to assess the long‐term efficacy and safety outcomes of EDS‐FLU in individuals with CRS.MethodsThis was a 12‐month, multicenter, single‐arm study evaluating the safety and efficacy of EDS‐FLU 372 μg twice daily in CRS patients (with [n = 34] or without [n = 189] nasal polyps [NP]). Efficacy assessments by serial nasal endoscopy and patient report included: 22‐item Sino‐Nasal Outcome Test (SNOT‐22), NP grade, standardized surgical indicator assessment, Lund‐Kennedy score, and Patient Global Impression of Change. Adverse event (AE) evaluations included nasal endoscopy. Additional safety and efficacy outcomes were assessed.ResultsOf 223 patients who received EDS‐FLU, 96% reported prior corticosteroid use and 29% prior sinus surgery. The EDS‐FLU AE profile was similar to conventional intranasal steroids studied in similar populations. Most patients (87%) reported symptom improvement. Through 12 months, mean SNOT‐22 scores improved by −21.5 and −21.1 for CRS with and without NP, respectively. Among patients with NP, 54.2% had polyp elimination in at least 1 nostril and 83.3% had ≥1‐point improvement in polyp grade.ConclusionOver 1 year of treatment in CRS with and without NP, EDS‐FLU 372 μg twice daily was well tolerated and produced improvements across a broad range of objective and subjective measures. EDS‐FLU may be a desirable new option for patients with this condition.