bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Weight trajectories and disordered eating behaviours in 11‐ to 12‐year‐olds: A longitudinal study within the Danish National Birth Cohort
Authors: Stemann Larsen Pernille , Nybo Andersen Anne‐Marie , Olsen Else Marie , Kragh Andersen Per , Micali Nadia , Strandberg‐Larsen Katrine 
Published: April 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo examine how childhood weight trajectories are associated with disordered eating behaviours (DEBs) in early adolescence.MethodsSelf‐reports on DEBs (fasting, purging, and binge eating) were obtained from 18,337 children in the 11‐year follow‐up of the Danish National Birth Cohort. For this population, birth register information on gestational age and birth weight was categorized into the following: small, appropriate, and large for gestational age. Prospective parent‐reported height and weight data at child ages 1 and 7 years were dichotomized using standardized cut‐offs into non‐overweight and overweight. A 12‐category weight trajectory variable was created, and the associations between weight trajectory and DEBs were estimated using logistic regression.ResultsIn total, 7.0% 11‐ to 12‐year olds reported DEBs. Compared with children born appropriate for gestational age and being non‐overweight at age 1 and 7 years, children born small for gestational age and who were overweight at age 1 and 7 years had a very high risk of disordered eating (OR 7.00; CI [2.57, 19.40]). The statistical analyses revealed, however, that overweight at age 7 years was the main contributor and independently of trajectory increased the risk of disordered eating at age 11–12 years significantly (OR 3.16 CI [2.73, 3.65]).ConclusionOverweight not in the first year of life, but at age 7 years was more predictive for DEBs.
Metal Toxicity During Short-Term Sediment Resuspension and Redeposition in a Tropical Reservoir
Authors: Cervi Eduardo Cimino , Hudson Michelle , Rentschler Alison , Burton G. Allen 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Billings Complex is the largest water-storage reservoir in São Paulo, Brazil, and has been contaminated since the 1960s. Periodically, Billings sediments are subjected to currents causing resuspension and subsequent release of metals. A short-term (4-h) resuspension was simulated using sediment flux exposure chambers (SeFECs) to better understand the fate, bioavailability, and transport of iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), and zinc (Zn) during these events, as well as possible organism toxicity. Daphnia magna and Hyalella azteca were exposed during the 4-h resuspension, and were monitored after exposure for survival, growth, and reproduction. Resuspension rapidly deoxygenated the overlying water, decreased the pH, and resulted in elevated dissolved Zn above the US Environmental Protection Agency's (2002) criteria for acute toxicity (120 µg L–1). However, Zn was scavenged (after 20 h) from solution as new sorption sites formed. Dissolved Mn increased during and after resuspension, with maximum values at 20 h post exposure. An initial release of Fe occurred, likely associated with oxidation of acid-volatile sulfides, but decreased after 1 h of resuspension. The Fe decrease is likely due to precipitation as oxyhydroxides. No acute toxicity was observed during resuspension; however, mortality of D. magna and H. azteca occurred during the postexposure period. Daphnia magna also exhibited chronic toxicity, with decreased neonate production after exposure. This sublethal effect could lead to decreased zooplankton populations over a longer period in the reservoir. Environ Toxicol Chem 2019;38:1476–1485. © 2019 SETAC
Abstract
Conceptual model of metal (Me) speciation under different sediment redox states. During bedded conditions (A) metals are mainly bounded as insoluble sulfides or associated with organic carbon (OC). When resuspended (B), sulfide species are oxidized, mobilizing metals (such as Zn) into the overlying water (OW). However, the mobilized metal is scavenged by OC and freshly-precipitated FexOx. As particles redeposit (C), and are returned to the benthic environment, further oxidation can occur in the aerobic sediment layer releasing Fe. High dissolved Fe concentrations in OW caused acute and chronic toxicity to D. magna. Ingestion of Zn caused growth inhibition and mortality to H. azteca.
Shrinkage sinusoidal phase estimation based on spherical simplex unscented transform and bootstrap method
Authors: Park Chee‐Hyun , Chang Joon‐Hyuk 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThis paper presents novel shrinkage‐based sinusoidal phase estimation algorithms. The main contributions of this paper are two‐fold. First, the shrinkage factor is found using the spherical simplex unscented transform (SSUT) and the combination of bootstrap and SSUT to reduce the computational complexity of the Monte Carlo method. The computational burden of the proposed methods is relatively low due to the use of SSUT, resulting from the carefully selected sigma points. Second, the accuracy of the novel shrinkage estimator is better than that of the maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) and existing shrinkage estimator under the low signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) and small sample number conditions. It is demonstrated that the resulting accuracies of the proposed shrinkage‐based phase estimation methods are superior to those of existing shrinkage algorithm and MLE in low SNR and small sample number conditions.
Purification and identification of an antioxidant peptide from perilla seed (Perilla frutescens) meal protein hydrolysate
Authors: Kim Ja Min , Liceaga Andrea M. , Yoon Kyung Young 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThis study aimed to obtain antioxidant peptides from perilla seed meal (PSM), which is normally discarded as an industrial waste during seed oil extraction. PSM protein was hydrolyzed using trypsin and fractionated by ultrafiltration. Molecular weight fraction (<3 kDa) with the highest antioxidant activity was purified using prep‐HPLC and analytical HPLC. The purification fold of the peptide (fraction V) obtained from PSM protein hydrolysate on DPPH radical scavenging activity, ABTS radical scavenging activity, and reducing power was 1.79‐, 1.59‐, and 1.81‐fold, respectively, after the three‐step purification procedure. The sequence of the purified peptide from fraction V that exhibited free radical scavenging activity and reducing power was identified as Ile‐Ser‐Pro‐Arg‐Ile‐Leu‐Ser‐Tyr‐Asn‐Leu‐Arg (1,330.77 Da). These results demonstrate that PSM protein, a by‐product from the oil seed extraction, can be used as a source of natural antioxidant peptides for food and/or nutraceutical applications.
Altered dynamics of brain segregation and integration in poststroke aphasia
Authors: Guo Jing , Biswal Bharat B. , Han Shaoqiang , Li Jiao , Yang Siqi , Yang Mi , Chen Huafu 
Published: April 2019

AbstractPoststroke aphasia (PSA) results from direct effect of focal lesions and dysfunction of distributed language networks. However, how flexible the activity at specific nodes control global dynamics is currently unknown. In this study, we demonstrate that alterations in the regional activity may cause imbalances between segregation and integration in temporo‐spatial pattern, and the transient dynamics are disrupted in PSA patients. Specifically, we applied dynamic framework to eyes‐closed resting‐state functional MRI data from PSA patients (n= 17), and age‐, gender‐, and education‐matched healthy controls (HCs,n= 20). Subsequently, we calculated two basis brain organizational principles: “dynamic segregation,” obtained from dynamic amplitude of low‐frequency fluctuations (dALFF), which represent the specialized processing within interconnected brain regions; and “dynamic integration,” obtained from dynamic functional connectivity, which measures the efficient communication between interconnected brain regions. We found that both measures were decreased in the PSA patients within the left frontal and temporal subregions compared to the HCs. PSA patients displayed increased flexibility of interaction between left temporo‐frontal subregions and right temporo‐parieto‐frontal subnetworks. Furthermore, we found that dALFF in the pars triangularis of left inferior frontal gyrus was associated with aphasia quotient. These findings suggest that the reduced temporal flexibility of regional activity in language‐relevant cortical regions in PSA is related to the disrupted organization of intrahemispheric networks, leading to a loss of the corresponding functions. By using dynamic framework, our results offer valuable information about the alterations in segregation and integration of spatiotemporal information across networks and illuminate how dysfunction in flexible activity may underlie language deficits in PSA.
Addition of S‐Heterocyclic Carbenes to Fullerenes: Formation and Characterization of Dithiomethano‐Bridged Derivatives
Authors: Kako Masahiro , Arikawa Yuki , Kanzawa Shinji , Yamada Michio , Maeda Yutaka , Furukawa Makoto , Akasaka Takeshi 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe reactions of novel S‐heterocyclic carbenes (SHCs), which were prepared by the cycloaddition of disilenes and digermenes to CS2, with C60 and Sc3N@Ih‐C80 afforded the corresponding methano‐bridged fullerenes. The [6,6]‐closed and [6,6]‐open structures were characterized for the SHC adducts of C60 and Sc3N@Ih‐C80, respectively. These derivatives exhibited relatively low oxidation potentials, indicative of the electron‐donating effects of the SHC addends. The electronic properties of the SHC derivatives were clarified by the density functional theory calculations.
Brightness preserving optimized weighted bi‐histogram equalization algorithm and its application to MR brain image segmentation
Authors: Veluchamy Magudeeswaran , Mayathevar Krishnamurthy , Subramani Bharath 
Published: April 2019

AbstractMedical image segmentation is crucial for neuroscience research and computer‐aided diagnosis. However, intensity inhomogeneity and existence of noise in magnetic resonance images lead to incorrect segmentation. In this article, an effective method called enhanced fuzzy level set algorithm is presented to segment the white matter, gray matter, and cerebrospinal fluid automatically in contrast‐enhanced brain images. In this method, first, exposure threshold is computed to divide the input histogram into two sub‐histograms of different gray levels. The input histogram is clipped using a mean gray level to control the excessive enhancement rate. Then, these two sub‐histograms are modified and equalized independently to get a better contrast enhanced image. Finally, an enhanced fuzzy level set algorithm is employed to facilitate image segmentation. The extensive experimental results proved the outstanding performance of the proposed algorithm compared with other existing methods. The results conform its effectiveness for MR brain image segmentation.
miR‐146a‐5p enhances hepatitis B virus replication through autophagy to promote aggravation of chronic hepatitis B
Authors: Fu Lei , Fu Xiaoyu , Mo Juan , Li Xiaomei , Li Ronghua , Peng Shifang 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe objective of this study was to investigate the mechanism by which miR‐146a‐5p mediated autophagy and hepatitis B virus (HBV) replication. Quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) was used to determine the mRNA expression levels of miR‐146a‐5p and X‐linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP) and HBV DNA and RNA. The protein expression levels of XIAP, IκB‐α, murine double minute 2 oncoprotein (MDM2) and p53, the phosphorylation of p65, and the conversion of light chain 3 (LC3)‐I to LC3‐II were detected by Western blotting. The expression levels of XIAP, HBV‐related pro‐inflammatory cytokines, and serum markers were detected by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). miR‐146a‐5p was highly expressed in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and HBV‐expressing hepatocytes. HBV core protein (HBc) and HBV X protein (HBx) were responsible for its effects on miR‐146a‐5p expression through the nuclear factor‐κB pathway. Furthermore, the miR‐146a‐5p inhibitor suppressed autophagic response and HBV replication as well as MDM2/p53 expression. Luciferase reporter assay confirmed that XIAP was a direct target of miR‐146a‐5p. We therefore demonstrated that miR‐146a‐5p mediated positive feedback loop by regulating autophagy‐induced HBV replication via targeting the XIAP‐mediated MDM2/p53 axis. © 2019 IUBMB Life, 71(9):1336–1346, 2019
Moderate activation of Wnt/β‐catenin signaling promotes the survival of rat nucleus pulposus cells via regulating apoptosis, autophagy, and senescence
Authors: Li Zhiliang , Chen Songfeng , Chen Sheng , Huang Donghua , Ma Kaige , Shao Zengwu 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the specific role of Wnt/β‐catenin signaling in compression‐induced apoptosis, autophagy, and senescence in rat nucleus pulposus (NP) cells. Initially, the cells underwent various periods of exposure to 1.0 MPa compression. Wnt/β‐catenin signaling associated molecules were assessed in detail, and then 0, 24 and 48 hours exposure periods were selected. The cells were then divided into control, Wnt/β‐catenin inhibitor (IWP‐2), Wnt/β‐catenin activator (LiCl), and β‐catenin overexpression groups. After 0, 24, and 48 hours of compression, apoptosis, autophagy, and senescence were evaluated by Western blot analysis and real‐time polymerase chain reaction and were visually observed by Hoechst33258, monodansylcadaverine, and SA‐β‐gal stainings, respectively. Additionally, the regulatory effect of Wnt/β‐catenin signaling on cell morphology, viability, cell cycle, death ratio, and ultrastructure was detected to thoroughly evaluate the survival capacity of NP cells. The results established that compression elicited a time‐dependent activation of Wnt/β‐catenin signaling. The IWP‐2 treatment decreased cell survival rate, which corresponded to downregulation of autophagy as well as increases in apoptosis and senescence. LiCl treatment enabled more efficient of cell survival accompanied by increased autophagy and downregulated apoptosis and senescence; however, in contrast to LiCl, overexpression of β‐catenin aggravated compression‐induced NP cells death. In conclusion, moderate activation of Wnt/β‐catenin signaling enables more efficient of NP cells survival via downregulation of apoptosis, senescence, and upregulation of autophagy, and overactivation of Wnt/β‐catenin signaling achieved the opposite effect. Treatment strategies that aim to regulate Wnt/β‐catenin signaling might be a novel target for improving compression‐induced NP cells death and potential treatment of intervertebral disc degeneration.
Silencing fibroblast growth factor 7 inhibits krypton laser‐induced choroidal neovascularization in a rat model
Authors: Zhang Chao , Han Mei , Wu Shuai 
Published: April 2019

AbstractChoroidal neovascularization (CNV), a characteristic of age‐related macular degeneration, is an underlying cause of severe vision loss among elderly patients. Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) is suggested to exert an important role in the pathogenesis of CNV. However, the molecular mechanisms governing this event are not fully elucidated. Herein, we identified the potential role of FGF7 in CNV. To examine the roles of FGF7 in the progression of CNV, rat CNV models were established and treated with small interfering RNA (siRNA) against FGF7 or FGF7 overexpression, followed by identification of expression of FGF7 in the CNV modeled rats. Next, proliferation and migration, and in vitro tube formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells, as well as expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and transforming growth factor‐beta 2 (TGF‐β2) were evaluated. CNV led to upregulated FGF7 expression. Cells in the presence of FGF7 siRNA showed suppressed proliferation, migration, and tube formation, along with downregulated VEGF and TGF‐β2 expression. Taken together, functional suppression of FGF7 inhibited the onset of CNV, ultimately highlighting a novel therapeutic target for suppressing CNV progression.
Activation of spinal Extacellular Signal‐Regulated Kinases and c‐jun N‐terminal kinase signaling pathways contributes to morphine‐induced acute and chronic hyperalgesia in mice
Authors: Ruan Jia‐Ping , Chen Ling , Ma Zheng‐liang 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackgroundThis study investigated the activation of mitogen‐activated protein kinases in the spinal dorsal horn to explore the mechanisms underlying morphine‐induced acute and chronic hyperalgesia in mice.MethodsMale adult mice were given a single subcutaneous injection (SC) of morphine (1 μg/kg) or twice‐daily administration of morphine (10 mg/kg/day) for 8 days. Thermal hyperalgesia and mechanical allodynia were assessed using the radiant heat and von Frey filament test. Levels of phospho (p)‐extracellular signal–regulated kinases (p‐ERK), p‐c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase (p‐JNK), p‐p38, p‐PKCγ, N‐methyl‐d‐aspartate receptor (NMDAr), and c‐Fos protein in the spinal dorsal horn were examined by Western blot assays.ResultsA single ultra‐low dose or repeated administration of morphine induced hyperalgesia in mice and caused a significant increase in the levels of p‐ERK and p‐JNK, but not p‐p38, in the spinal dorsal horn. The level of c‐Fos protein was significantly elevated following administration of morphine. The protein levels of p‐PKCγ and NMDAr subunits (NR2B and NR2A) were also altered. Pretreatment with the NMDAr antagonist MK‐801 or the protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor calphostin C (CC) suppressed the morphine‐induced increase in p‐ERK, p‐JNK, and c‐Fos. Administration of MK‐801 and CC also relieved morphine‐induced hyperalgesia.ConclusionThese findings suggest that activation of the spinal ERK and JNK signaling pathways contribute to morphine‐induced acute and chronic hyperalgesia in mice.
Exploring the “like” in the psychological interaction of users on fan community: A netnography analysis
Authors: Wang Yi‐Sheng 
Published: April 2019

AbstractLittle is known about the psychology behind fans joining fan community pages in a blog context; the factors driving them to like, share, and comment on posts on fan community pages; or the manner in which fans experience and interact with such pages. These topics were not given sufficient explanation in past research. This study aimed to explore the special situations and unique online experiences that fans community experience in a blog context. A netnography analysis was conducted through online interviews and field observations. Three phases of contextual experiences were determined, including observing and collecting data online, active participation, and emergent design. The contribution of this study is its establishment of the fan community experience model, which is a substantive theory, and its suggestion of nine propositions that can provide insights into fan community page interaction and experience models.
Understanding the impact of an after‐school music program with engaged underserved youth
Authors: Sheltzer Joshua M. , Consoli Andrés J. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAimsThis study aims to document and understand the benefits of underserved youths' successful involvement in an after‐school music program (ASMP).MethodsThe contents of semi‐structured, individual interviews with 11 alumni and five staff members of an ASMP were coded and analyzed using inductive Thematic Analysis.ResultsAlumni identified several positive program characteristics as most influential (e.g., consistency, opportunity, exposure), and described the program's favorable impact at a personal (e.g., identity development), relational (e.g., improving social skills), and musical level (e.g., acquiring performance skills). Staff members identified similar program characteristics as crucial for the success of the program and singled out their personal, relational, and social motivations as important dimensions that bring about the program's impact.ConclusionsThe study highlights the value of musical experiences and after‐school resources for a group of underserved youth who would otherwise not be exposed to them due to socioeconomic barriers and inequities in opportunities.
The effect of diabetes mellitus on pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and adverse drug reactions of anticancer drugs
Authors: Mashayekhi‐Sardoo Habibeh , Mohammadpour Amir Hooshang , Nomani Homa , Sahebkar Amirhossein 
Published: April 2019

AbstractDiabetes mellitus (DM) and cancer are global problems carrying huge human, social, and economic impact. Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is associated with an increased risk for a number of cancers, including breast, pancreatic, and liver cancer. Moreover, adverse drug reactions are higher in paitents with cancer with T2DM compared to cancer patients without T2DM. Cellular mechanisms of hyperglycemia and chemotherapy efficacy may be different depending upon the particular cancer type and the condition of the patient. This review evaluates the effect of DM on the pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, and adverse drug reactions of commonly used anticancer drugs such as cisplatin, methotrexate, paclitaxel, doxorubicin, and adriamycin in both clinical and animal models. A literature search was conducted in scientific databases including Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar including the relevant keywords. The results of the effectiveness of anticancer therapies in patients with DM are, however, inconsistent because DM can negatively impact multiple diverse entities including nerves and vascular structures, insulin‐like growth factor 1, the function of the innate immune system, drug pharmacokinetics, the expression levels of hepatic CYP450, Mdr
1b and enzymes that then lead to drug toxicity. However, in a few circumstances, DM led to attenuation of the toxicity of anticancer drugs secondary to attenuation of the energy‐dependent renal uptake process. Overall, the impact of DM on patients with cancer is variable because of the diverse types of cancers and the spectrum of anticancer drugs. With respect to the evidence for cancer involvement in DM pathophysiology and the response to anticancer treatment in patients with DM, many questions still remain and further clinical trials are needed.
Retracted: Curcumin ameliorates atherosclerosis through upregulation of miR‐126
Authors: Li Yezhou , Tian Leilei , Sun Dajun , Yin Dexin 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe potential usage of curcumin in diverse human diseases has been widely studied, including arteriosclerosis (AS). This study focused on investigating the relationship between curcumin and AS‐associated microRNA, which may provide a better understanding of curcumin in a different mechanism. Human microvascular endothelial HMEC‐1 cells were treated by curcumin alone or oxidized low‐density lipoprotein (ox‐LDL) plus curcumin, after which the following parameters were analyzed: cell viability, migration, and the expression of AS‐associated factors. The regulatory effects of curcumin on miR‐126 and signaling pathways involved in AS were then studied. Further, an animal model of AS was stimulated by feeding rabbits with 1% cholesterol diet. The effects of curcumin on the animal model were explored. We found that curcumin treatment significantly reduced HMEC‐1 cells viability, migration, and the protein levels of MMP‐2, MMP‐9, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the presence or absence of ox‐LDL. Meanwhile, the expression of VEGFR1 and VEGFR2 was repressed by curcumin. miR‐126 was upregulated by curcumin. The abovementioned effects of curcumin on HMEC‐1 cells were all attenuated when miR‐126 was silenced. And also, VEGF was a target gene of miR‐126, and curcumin could inhibit the activation of PI3K/AKT JAK2/STAT5 signaling pathways via miR‐126. The effects of curcumin and its regulation on miR‐126 and VEGF were confirmed in the animal model of AS. To sum up, curcumin exerted potent anti‐AS property possibly via upregulating miR‐126 and thereby inhibiting PI3K/AKT and JAK2/STAT5 signaling pathways.