bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of α‐Gal–Antibody Conjugates to Increase Immune Response by Recruiting Natural Antibodies
Authors: Sianturi Julinton , Manabe Yoshiyuki , Li Hao‐Sheng , Chiu Li‐Ting , Chang Tsung‐Che , Tokunaga Kento , Kabayama Kazuya , Tanemura Masahiro , Takamatsu Shinji , Miyoshi Eiji , Hung Shang‐Cheng , Fukase Koichi 
Published: February 2019

AbstractCancer treatment with antibodies (Abs) is one of the most successful therapeutic strategies for obtaining high selectivity. In this study, α‐gal–Ab conjugates were developed that dramatically increased cellular cytotoxicity by recruiting natural Abs through the interaction between α‐gal and anti‐gal Abs. The potency of the α‐gal–Ab conjugates depended on the amount of α‐gal conjugated to the antibody: the larger the amount of α‐gal introduced, the higher the level of cytotoxicity observed. The conjugation of antibodies with an α‐gal dendrimer allowed the introduction of large amounts of α‐gal to the Ab, without loss of affinity for the target cell. The method described here will enable the re‐development of Abs to improve their potency.
Hollow Multi‐Shelled Structure with Metal–Organic‐Framework‐Derived Coatings for Enhanced Lithium Storage
Authors: Zhang Jian , Wan Jiawei , Wang Jiangyan , Ren Hao , Yu Ranbo , Gu Lin , Liu Yunling , Feng Shouhua , Wang Dan 
Published: February 2019

AbstractHerein, we present heterogeneous hollow multi‐shelled structures (HoMSs) prepared by exploiting the properties of the metal–organic framework (MOFs) casing. Through accurately controlling the transformation of MOF layer into different heterogeneous casings, we can precisely design HoMSs of SnO2@Fe2O3(MOF) and SnO2@FeOx‐C(MOF), which not only retain properties of the original SnO2‐HoMSs, but also structural information from the MOFs. Tested as anode materials in LIBs, SnO2@Fe2O3 (MOF)‐HoMSs demonstrate superior lithium‐storage capacity and cycling stability to the original SnO2‐HoMSs, which can be attributed to the topological features from the MOF casing. Making a sharp contrast to the electrodes of SnO2@Fe2O3 (particle)‐HoMSs fabricated by hydrothermal method, the capacity retention after 100 cycles for the SnO2@Fe2O3 (MOF)‐HoMSs is about eight times higher than that of the SnO2@Fe2O3 (particle)‐HoMS.
Phototriggered Release of a Transmembrane Chloride Carrier from an o‐Nitrobenzyl‐Linked Procarrier
Authors: Salunke Swati Bansi , Malla Javid Ahmad , Talukdar Pinaki 
Published: February 2019

AbstractWhile there have been many studies on synthetic chloride carriers and a recent application for apoptotic cell death, so far, the proposed huge potential of these systems in targeting cancer has not been realized due to their cytotoxicity to healthy cells. Herein, we describe the development of an indole‐2‐carboxamide receptor as an efficient membrane chloride carrier while the corresponding o‐nitrobenzyl‐linked derivative is a procarrier of the ion. Photoirradiation of the procarrier in liposomes results in release of the active carrier with up to 90 % transport efficiency. Such photorelease of the carrier also works within cancer cells, resulting in efficient cell killing. Such photocleavable procarriers have great potential as a photodynamic therapy to combat various types of cancers.
In Situ Formation of Frustrated Lewis Pairs in a Water‐Tolerant Metal‐Organic Framework for the Transformation of CO2
Authors: Shyshkanov Serhii , Nguyen Tu N. , Ebrahim Fatmah Mish , Stylianou Kyriakos C. , Dyson Paul J. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractFrustrated Lewis pairs (FLPs) consist of sterically hindered Lewis acids and Lewis bases, which provide high catalytic activity towards non‐metal‐mediated activation of “inert” small molecules, including CO2 among others. One critical issue of homogeneous FLPs, however, is their instability upon recycling, leading to catalytic deactivation. Herein, we provide a solution to this issue by incorporating a bulky Lewis acid‐functionalized ligand into a water‐tolerant metal‐organic framework (MOF), named SION‐105, and employing Lewis basic diamine substrates for the in situ formation of FLPs within the MOF. Using CO2 as a C1‐feedstock, this combination allows for the efficient transformation of a variety of diamine substrates into benzimidazoles. SION‐105 can be easily recycled by washing with MeOH and reused multiple times without losing its identity and catalytic activity, highlighting the advantage of the MOF approach in FLP chemistry.
Nickel‐Catalyzed Selective Cross‐Coupling of Chlorosilanes with Organoaluminum Reagents
Authors: Naganawa Yuki , Guo Haiqing , Sakamoto Kei , Nakajima Yumiko 
Published: February 2019

AbstractNickel‐catalyzed cross‐coupling reactions of chlorosilanes with organoaluminum reagents were developed. An electron‐rich Ni(0)/PCy3complex was found to be an effective catalyst for the desired transformation. The reaction of dichlorosilanes1proceeded to give the corresponding monosubstituted products2. Trichlorosilanes4underwent selective double substitution to furnish the corresponding monochlorosilanes2. Overall, the selective synthesis of a series of alkylmonochlorosilanes2from di‐ and trichlorosilanes was achieved using the present catalytic systems.
Isothermal Adsorption Behavior of Cesium Ions in a Novel Chitosan‐Prussian Blue‐Based Membrane
Authors: Fujisaki Tomoyuki , Kashima Keita , Hagiri Masahide , Imai Masanao 
Published: February 2019

AbstractPrussian blue (PB) particles were successfully immobilized on a novel chitosan membrane. Morphological observations confirmed that the PB particles were densely immobilized within the membrane. From isothermal adsorption analysis, an increase in the mass fraction of PB contained within the membrane (MFPB) assisted the improvement of the initial adsorption rate as well as the adsorption uptake of cesium ions. A high MFPB led to a decrease in the effective diffusion coefficient of cesium ions in the membrane. Adsorption equilibrium data were found in good agreement with the Langmuir model. The maximum adsorption capacity of the membrane immobilizing PB as well as the adsorption constant in the Langmuir model increased with higher MFPB.
Structures and Energetics of NI3 and N2I4
Authors: Turan Isaac M. , Ball David W. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractWe have applied new methods for performing coupled‐cluster calculations to small molecules containing iodine atoms; specifically, NI3 and N2I4. Because NI3 is known to be very reactive, attempts to measure its thermodynamic properties have been challenging at best. To date, N2I4 has not been isolated, and our results suggest that its isolation will be just as challenging. We find that the ΔHf(NI3)=+307.7 kJ mol−1 and ΔHf(N2I4)=+551.6 kJ mol−1, confirming that they are unstable with respect to their decomposition products N2 and I2.
Exploration of the PET‐RAFT Initiation Mechanism for Two Commonly Used Photocatalysts
Authors: Corrigan Nathaniel , Xu Jiangtao , Boyer Cyrille , Allonas Xavier 
Published: February 2019

AbstractAn investigation into the PET‐RAFT initiation mechanism (photoinduced electron/energy transfer‐reversible addition‐fragmentation chain transfer) for two frequently used photocatalysts with five RAFT agents has been conducted through analysis of electron transfer and triplet energy transfer (electron exchange) pathways. The electronic and redox properties of the studied RAFT agents were determined through quantum mechanical calculations and cyclic voltammetry measurements, respectively. Gibbs free energy changes for both electron transfer and electron exchange mechanisms were then calculated and compared to quenching rate constants determined by laser flash photolysis (LFP). Transient absorption spectra for the photocatalyst‐RAFT agent combinations were also measured by LFP to substantiate the energetics considerations, which show that triplet energy transfer through a Dexter electron exchange mechanism for the activation of RAFT agents is probable. The experimental data has been fitted by Balzani's energy transfer model which provides support for a Dexter electron exchange mechanism in these systems.
Calibrating an individual‐based movement model to predict functional connectivity for little owls
Authors: Hauenstein Severin , Fattebert Julien , Grüebler Martin U. , Naef‐Daenzer Beat , Pe'er Guy , Hartig Florian 
Published: February 2019

AbstractDispersal is crucial for population viability and thus a popular target for conservation measures. However, the ability of individuals to move between habitat patches is notoriously difficult to estimate. One solution is to quantify functional connectivity via realistic individual‐based movement models. Such simulation models, however, are difficult to build and even more difficult to parameterize. Here, we use the example of natal little owl (Athene noctua) dispersal to develop a new analysis chain for the calibration of individual‐based dispersal models using a hybrid of statistical parameter estimation and Approximate Bayesian Computation (ABC). Specifically, we use locations of 126 radio‐tracked juveniles to first estimate habitat utilization by generalized additive models (GAMs) and the biased random bridges (BRB) method. We then include the estimated parameters in a spatially explicit individual‐based model (IBM) of little owl dispersal and calibrate further movement parameters using ABC. To derive efficient summary statistics, we use a new dimension reduction method based on random forest (RF) regression. Finally, we use the calibrated IBM to predict the dispersal potential of little owls from local populations in southwestern Germany to suitable habitat patches in northern Switzerland. We show that pre‐calibrating habitat preference parameters while inferring movement behavioral parameters via ABC is a computationally efficient solution to obtain a plausible IBM parameterization. We also find that dimension reduction via RF regression outperforms the widely used least squares regression, which we applied as a benchmark approach. Estimated movement parameters for the individuals reveal plausible inter‐individual and inter‐sexual differences in movement behavior during natal dispersal. In agreement with a sex‐biased dispersal distance in little owls, females show longer individual flights and higher directional persistence. Simulations from the fitted model indicate that a (re)colonization of northern Switzerland is generally possible, albeit restricted. We conclude that the presented analysis chain is a sensible work‐flow to assess dispersal connectivity across species and ecosystems. It embraces species‐ and individual‐specific behavioral responses to the landscape and allows likelihood‐based calibration, despite an irregular sampling design. Our study highlights existing, yet narrow dispersal corridors, which may require enhancements to facilitate a recolonization of little owl habitat patches in northern Switzerland.
Dnase1‐deficient mice spontaneously develop a systemic lupus erythematosus‐like disease
Authors: Kenny Elaine F. , Raupach Bärbel , Abu Abed Ulrike , Brinkmann Volker , Zychlinsky Arturo 
Published: February 2019

AbstractSystemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease that has high morbidity and can result in multi‐organ damage. SLE is characterized by dysregulated activation of T‐ and B‐lymphocytes and the production of autoantibodies directed against nuclear components. The endonuclease deoxyribonuclease 1 (DNase1) is abundant in blood and a subset of SLE patients have mutations in DNASE1. Furthermore, a report showed that Dnase1‐deficient mice develop an SLE‐like disease, but these mice also carry a deletion of the gene adjacent to Dnase1, which encodes the chaperone TRAP1/HSP75.We generated a murine strain deficient in Dnase1 with an intact Trap1 gene to examine if a lack of DNase1 is responsible for the development of a spontaneous SLE‐like disease. We show that the Dnase1‐deficient mice do indeed develop an SLE‐like phenotype with elevated autoantibody production by 9 months and kidney damage by 12 months. Notably, this model recapitulates the female bias seen in human SLE patients since female Dnase1‐deficient mice produced the highest concentrations of autoantibodies and had more severe kidney damage than males. Since there is currently no cure for SLE the protective role of DNase1 as demonstrated in our study remains of great therapeutic interest.
A core transcriptional signature of human microglia: Derivation and utility in describing region‐dependent alterations associated with Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Patir Anirudh , Shih Barbara , McColl Barry W. , Freeman Tom C. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractGrowing recognition of the pivotal role microglia play in neurodegenerative and neuroinflammatory disorders has accentuated the need to characterize their function in health and disease. Studies in mouse have applied transcriptome‐wide profiling of microglia to reveal key features of microglial ontogeny, functional profile, and phenotypic diversity. While similar, human microglia exhibit clear differences to their mouse counterparts, underlining the need to develop a better understanding of the human microglial profile. On examining published microglia gene signatures, limited consistency was observed between studies. Hence, we sought to derive a core microglia signature of the human central nervous system (CNS), through a comprehensive analysis of existing transcriptomic datasets. Nine datasets derived from cells and tissues, isolated from various regions of the CNS across numerous donors, were subjected independently to an unbiased correlation network analysis. From each dataset, a list of coexpressing genes corresponding to microglia was identified, with 249 genes highly conserved between them. This core signature included known microglial markers, and compared with other signatures provides a gene set specific to microglia in the context of the CNS. The utility of this signature was demonstrated by its use in detecting qualitative and quantitative region‐specific alterations in aging and Alzheimer's disease. These analyses highlighted the reactive response of microglia in vulnerable brain regions such as the entorhinal cortex and hippocampus, additionally implicating pathways associated with disease progression. We believe this resource and the analyses described here, will support further investigations to the contribution of human microglia in CNS health and disease.
The value of MYB as a prognostic marker for adenoid cystic carcinoma: Meta‐analysis
Authors: Liu Xiangqi , Chen Dongru , Lao Xiaomei , Liang Yujie 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe aim of this meta‐analysis is to evaluate myeloblastosis (MYB) as a prognostic marker for patients with adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) with respect to MYB gene fusion, MYB protein expression, and tumor sites.We comprehensively searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane libraries. Ten studies concerning the prognostic comparisons between MYB positivity and negativity were included.The combined positive rates of MYB gene fusion and protein expression were 57.2% and 62.3%, respectively. Overall, no significant prognostic differences were observed between MYB‐positive and MYB‐negative ACCs. When further divided into MYB gene fusion and MYB protein expression subgroups, no significant differences were observed for any survival outcome (overall survival, disease‐free survival, and local control rate). Moreover, MYB also demonstrated no prognostic value in head and neck ACCs.In conclusion, the current studies reveal that MYB is not a good prognostic marker for ACC.
Establishment of a bead‐based duplex assay for the simultaneous quantitative detection of Neuropilin‐1 and Neuropilin‐2 using xMAP technology and its clinical application
Authors: Huang Zi‐Lan , Meng Pei‐Pei , Yang Yun , Wang Sheng‐Yu , Zhang Xiu‐fang , Luo Fang‐Hong , Yan Jiang‐Hua , Wu Ting 
Published: February 2019

BackgroundNeuropilins (Nrps) are a new type of broad‐spectrum tumor marker. Currently, a method for accurate simultaneous quantification of Nrps is not available. We aimed to develop a bead‐based and duplexed flow cytometric assay that could be used for accurate and simultaneous quantification of Nrp1 and Nrp2 for scientific research or clinical diagnosis.MethodsWe coupled anti‐human Nrp1‐11# mAb and anti‐human Nrp2‐C3 mAb to magnetic beads 18# and 25#, respectively. Capturing antibodies and detecting antibodies were then combined to detect Nrps by a bead‐based Luminex assay, which was subsequently applied to quantify Nrps in clinical serum samples.ResultsThe results showed that the detection value of Nrps ranged from 10 to 100 000 pg/mL for Nrp1 and from 25 to 100 000 pg/mL for Nrp2. The detection sensitivity reached 10 pg/mL for Nrp1 and 24.8 pg/mL for Nrp2. Intra‐assay variances ranged from 1.0% to 2.6% for Nrp1 and from 2.9% to 4.0% for Nrp2, and interassay variances ranged from 1.5% to 6.4% for Nrp1 and from 4.2% to 8.1% for Nrp2. The Nrp1 and Nrp2 recoveries were 96.6%‐103.6% and 95.6%‐102.3%, respectively. Irrelevant antigens had no interference in the paired‐detection system, and the mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) values were stable for months.ConclusionA bead‐based, duplexed flow cytometric assay (xMAP® technology) was developed to detect Nrp1 and Nrp2. The assay provided rapid, high‐throughput results and was much more sensitive, specific, reproducible, and stable than existing assays. In addition, this assay could be applied in early‐stage cancer screening, tumor malignancy analysis, and prognosis assessment.
Association between lay perception of morbidity and appropriateness of specialized health care use in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis
Authors: Beauséjour Marie , Goulet Lise , Roy‐Beaudry Marjolaine , Grimard Guy , Labelle Hubert 
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACTIn absence of school scoliosis screening programs (SSSP) in Canada, this study examined the relationships between the lay person's perception of morbidity and the appropriateness of referral in orthopedics. A cross‐sectional study was conducted with all children consecutively referred in orthopedics for suspected scoliosis. The 831 participants were classified as Appropriate, Late, or Inappropriate referrals for the orthopedic setting. Perceived morbidity was operationalized by: the scoliosis detection originator, the perceptions of the seriousness of the condition and urgency to consult a physician, the perception of the general health, as well as Visible Back Deformity, Self‐image, and Pain. Direct associations between the perceived morbidity and the appropriateness of referral were found in all scoliosis‐specific measures; the most discriminant variable was Visible Back Deformity. Lay perceived morbidity is a good indicator of the objective morbidity, and thus reflects in the appropriateness of referral status. The important role of the lay persons in symptoms appraisal does not however insure appropriate referral. Searching for alternatives to SSSP would wisely include a health promotion and medical management program. Statement of Clinical Significance: Perceived morbidity by the lay persons is strongly associated with the objectively evaluated severity of scoliosis deformity. Therefore, in absence of SSSP, lay person awareness plays an important role in symptom recognition and search for care. © 2019 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res
Management of gout in older people
Authors: Day Richard O. , Lau Wendy , Stocker Sophie L. , Aung Eindra , Coleshill Mathew J. , Schulz Marcel , Bechara Jacob , Carland Jane E. , Graham Garry G. , Williams Kenneth M. , McLachlan Andrew J. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractGout is an inflammatory musculoskeletal disorder with a prevalence of 1.6–6.8% in Australia. Gout is characterised by acute attacks of severe joint pain secondary to raised serum concentrations of uric acid and joint deposits of monosodium urate crystals. Recurrent attacks can affect quality of life and lead to irreversible joint damage. The prevalence of gout is increased in older people, and age‐related renal impairment, altered drug distribution and increased prevalence of comorbidities have significant consequences for safe and effective gout pharmacotherapy. For treatment of acute attacks in older people, dose reduction of colchicine may be needed due to renal impairment, and potential drug interactions require consideration. Use of non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs is limited by peptic ulceration, ischaemic heart disease, hypertension and renal impairment. Short courses of oral glucocorticoids may be preferable. For long‐term urate‐lowering therapy, allopurinol, probenecid and febuxostat are available in Australia. Lower starting doses of allopurinol are recommended in patients with renal impairment, but dose escalation to achieve target urate should follow. Concerns regarding increased cardiovascular risk with febuxostat are relevant to older patients. Despite the availability of effective therapy, gout remains undertreated, with maintenance of urate‐lowering therapy a major challenge. Education of patients and health professionals is essential to improve adherence to therapy.
Developing effective social media messages: Insights from an exploratory study of industry experts
Authors: Majid Sarhang , Lopez Carmen , Megicks Phil , Lim Wai Mun 
Published: February 2019

AbstractAs consumers are increasingly utilizing the social network and media platforms for prepurchase information, managers are confronted with producing effective social media messages that can favorably influence buyers’ attitudes and behavioral intentions towards brands. A qualitative, in‐depth, elite interview investigation with social media marketing experts was undertaken to develop awareness of the factors influencing the effectiveness of social media marketing. Adopting a thematic analysis approach, this study establishes the three overriding themes of interactivity, credibility, and infotainment as being valuable in determining how social media marketing can enhance brand performance. Attitude theory and the hierarchy‐of‐effects model is utilized to support understanding and explain the decision making of social media users in this context. Overall, this study provides managers with a thorough explanation of the effects of the identified core themes on social media attitudes and intentions. Implications for social media marketing theory and practice are presented based upon the depth and breadth of knowledge attained from the analysis of the expert interview data.
Material nonlinear topology optimization considering the von Mises criterion through an asymptotic approach: Max strain energy and max load factor formulations
Authors: Zhao Tuo , Ramos Adeildo S. , Paulino Glaucio H. 
Published: February 2019

SummaryThis paper addresses material nonlinear topology optimization considering the von Mises criterion by means of an asymptotic analysis using a fictitious nonlinear elastic model. In this context, we consider the topology optimization problem subjected to prescribed energy, which leads to robust convergence in nonlinear problems. Two nested formulations are considered. In the first, the objective is to maximize the strain energy of the system in equilibrium, and in the second, the objective is to maximize the load factor. In both cases, a volume constraint is imposed. The sensitivity analysis is quite effective and efficient in the sense that there is no extra adjoint equation. In addition, the nonlinear structural equilibrium problem is solved using direct minimization of the structural strain energy using Newton's method with an inexact line‐search strategy. Four numerical examples demonstrate the features of the proposed material nonlinear topology optimization framework for approximating standard von Mises plasticity.