bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using non-solar-scaled opacities to derive stellar parameters
Authors: Saffe C. , Flores M. , Miquelarena P. , López F. M. , Jaque Arancibia M. , Collado A. , Jofré E. , Petrucci R. 
Published: October 2018

Aims. In an effort to improve spectroscopic methods of stellar parameters determination, we implemented non-solar-scaled opacities in a simultaneous derivation of fundamental parameters and abundances. We wanted to compare the results with the usual solar-scaled method using a sample of solar-type and evolved stars.
Methods. We carried out a high-precision determination of stellar parameters and abundances by applying non-solar-scaled opacities and model atmospheres. Our sample is composed of 20 stars, including main sequence and evolved objects. The stellar parameters were determined by imposing ionization and excitation equilibrium of Fe lines, with an updated version of the FUNDPAR program, together with plane-parallel ATLAS12 model atmospheres and the MOOG code. Opacities for an arbitrary composition and vmicro were calculated through the opacity sampling (OS) method. We used solar-scaled models in the first step, and then continued the process, but scaled to the abundance values found in the previous step (i.e. non-solar-scaled). The process finishes when the stellar parameters of one step are the same as in the previous step, i.e. we use a doubly iterated method.
Results. We obtained a small difference in stellar parameters derived with non-solar-scaled opacities compared to classical solar-scaled models. The differences in Teff, log g, and [Fe/H] amount to 26 K, 0.05 dex, and 0.020 dex for the stars in our sample. These differences can be considered the first estimation of the error due to the use of classical solar-scaled opacities to derive stellar parameters with solar-type and evolved stars. We note that some chemical species could also show an individual variation greater than those of the [Fe/H] (up to ~0.03 dex) and varying from one species to another, obtaining a chemical pattern difference between the two methods. This means that condensation temperature Tc trends could also present a variation. We include an example showing that using non-solar-scaled opacities, the solution found with the classical solar-scaled method indeed cannot always verify the excitation and ionization balance conditions required for a model atmosphere. We discuss in the text the significance of the differences obtained when using solar-scaled versus non-solar-scaled methods.
Conclusions. We consider that the use of the non-solar-scaled opacities is not mandatory in every statistical study with large samples of stars. However, for those high-precision works whose results depend on the mutual comparison of different chemical species (such as the analysis of condensation temperature Tc trends), we consider its application to be worthwhile. To date, this is probably one of the most precise spectroscopic methods for stellar parameter derivation.
Auskunftsfähigkeit von Patienten über ihre ärztlich verordneten Medikamente – Eine Querschnittstudie in zehn Allgemeinarztpraxen
Authors: Kiel Simone , Hey Elisabeth , Haase Annekathrin , Chaudhuri Ariane , Chenot Jean-François 
Published: October 2018

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Für eine korrekte Einnahme und einen sicheren Umgang mit der eigenen Medikation ist es wichtig, dass Patienten bestimmte Informationen über ihre einzunehmenden Medikamente kennen und Auskunft geben können. Die Studie untersucht, welche Auskunft Patienten über ihre verordneten Medikamente geben können und welche Faktoren die Auskunftsfähigkeit beeinflussen.
Methoden In dieser Querschnittstudie wurden 637 Patienten in 10 Allgemeinarztpraxen (Teilnahmerate 57 %) über Name, Dosis, Einnahmefrequenz und Indikation ihrer verordneten Medikamente befragt. Die Patientenangaben wurden mit der Praxisdokumentation verglichen.
Ergebnisse Die Patientenangaben zur Anzahl der Medikamente stimmten zu 54 % vollständig mit der Praxisdokumentation überein. Es besteht eine relevante Diskrepanz zwischen den dokumentierten Medikamentenverordnungen und den Angaben von Patienten. Die Patienten konnten am besten über den Medikamentennamen (75 %) Auskunft geben und am schlechtesten über die Indikationen (47 %). Die Auskunftsfähigkeit ließ bei Patienten mit ≥ 5 Medikamenten nach. Eine höhere Schulbildung war mit einem höheren Anteil korrekter Angaben assoziiert. 65 % der Patienten besaßen einen Medikationsplan und 19 % nutzen diesen zur Beantwortung der Fragen. Der Besitz eines Medikationsplans alleine zeigte keinen positiven Effekt auf die korrekte Auskunftsfähigkeit, jedoch seine Anwendung. Dieser Effekt war bei Patienten mit ≥ 5 Medikamenten stärker ausgeprägt.
Diskussion Die meisten Patienten nutzten den Medikationsplan nicht, weswegen die Ausstellung eines Medikationsplans per se nicht zu einer besseren Auskunftsfähigkeit führt. Technische Lösungen, wie zentrale Datenspeicherung, sollten entwickelt werden, die unabhängig von einem unvollständigen und im Bedarf oft nicht vorhandenen Medikationsplan aus Papier oder elektronischer Gesundheitskarte die Versorgungs- und Arzneimitteltherapiesicherheit und den Austausch zwischen verschiedenen Ärzten und Institutionen gewährleisten können.
Ruptured Bilateral Pericallosal Artery Aneurysm in Mirror Position: Case Report
Authors: Meguins Lucas , Valsechi Linoel , Fernandes Ronaldo , Morais Dionei , Spotti Antonio 
Published: October 2018

Introduction Pericallosal artery (PA) aneurysms represent 2 to 9% of all intracranial aneurysms, and their management remains difficult.
Objective The aim of the present study is to describe the case of an adult woman with subarachnoid hemorrhage and bilateral PA aneurysm in mirror position.
Case Report A 46-year-old woman was referred to our institution 20 days after a sudden severe headache. She informed that she was treating her arterial hypertension irregularly, and consumed ∼ 20 cigarettes/day. The patient was neurologically intact at admission. A non-contrast computed tomography (CT) on the first day of the onset of the symptoms revealed hydrocephaly and subarachnoid hemorrhage (Fisher III). An angio-CT/digital subtraction arteriography showed bilateral PA aneurysms in mirror position. The patient was successfully treated with surgery via the right interhemispheric approach (because the surgeon is right-handed); the surgeon performed the proximal control with temporary clipping, and introduced an external ventricular drain at the end of the surgery. The patient was discharged on the fourth postoperative day without any additional neurological deficits or ventricular shunts.
Conclusion Ruptured PA aneurysm is a surgically challenging aneurysm due to the many anatomical nuances and risk of rebleeding. However, the operative management of ruptured bilateral PA aneurysms is feasible and effective.
When Pedal Access Is the Only Way to Save a Limb!
Authors: Radaideh Qais , Shammas Nicolas W. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractCritical limb ischemia is associated with high rates of amputation and death. Endovascular revascularization prevents amputation in approximately 80 to 90% of patients. Traditional access, however, can be a problem in some patients and pedal access may be the only way to provide adequate revascularization and potentially prevents an amputation. We present three cases to illustrate how pedal access can be the last frontier to save a leg.
Pregnancy after Aortic Root Replacement in Marfan's Syndrome: A Case Series and Review of the Literature
Authors: Williams Dominique , Lindley Kathryn , Russo Melissa , Habashi Jennifer , Dietz Harry , Braverman Alan 
Published: October 2018

Objectives We sought to characterize pregnancy-related aortic complications in women with Marfan's syndrome who had prior aortic root replacement.
Study Design This is a retrospective case series study and literature review of women with Marfan's syndrome with pregnancy after aortic root replacement. We surveyed women with Marfan's syndrome who had successful pregnancy after aortic root replacement using the Marfan Foundation Website and from two large tertiary care Marfan's clinics. Clinical data, counseling information, and details of pregnancy-related aortic complications were compiled. A literature review was performed assessing aortic outcomes in women with Marfan's syndrome with pregnancy after aortic surgery.
Results Fourteen women with 20 pregnancies were identified. Two women had three pregnancies following root replacement for aortic dissection. There were no aortic dissections during the 20 pregnancies. In contrast, aortic dissection was frequently reported in the literature.
Conclusions Women with Marfan's syndrome who become pregnant following aortic root replacement remain at risk for distal aortic dissection related to pregnancy. The exact risk is difficult to quantify but is not zero and women should be counseled accordingly.
Introduction of Posterior Axilla Sling Traction in Simulated Shoulder Dystocia
Authors: Whittington Julie , Poole Aaron 
Published: October 2018

Objective Aim of this study was to introduce posterior axilla sling traction (PAST) in delivering providers and nursing staff as an adjunct to the management of shoulder dystocia and evaluate comfort in performing the maneuver.
Methods A presimulation questionnaire had given to all participants. A brief training on how to perform PAST was also given. A simulated shoulder dystocia was run where usual maneuvers failed. Participants used PAST for delivery of posterior shoulder, delivery of posterior arm, and to assist with rotation. Participants were then given a post-simulation questionnaire. A Chi-squared test was used to evaluate comfort with performing the procedure pre and post-simulation.
Results Data were collected from 43 participants at pre and post-simulation. Designations (attending, resident, midwife, registered nurse) and responses were recorded to the questionnaires. There was a statistically significant increase in the number of providers and nurses who would feel comfortable using PAST for shoulder dystocia management and for rotational maneuvers. Ninety-three percent of participants would consider using PAST in future shoulder dystocia when usual maneuvers failed.
Conclusion PAST is an adjunct to management of shoulder dystocia that has not previously been taught in our facility. The majority of participants in our simulation felt comfortable with using PAST.
The Role of Prophylactic Octreotide Following Pancreaticoduodenectomy to Prevent Postoperative Pancreatic Fistula: A Meta-Analysis of the Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Garg Pankaj , Sharma Jyoti , Jakhetiya Ashish , Chishi Nilokali 
Published: October 2018

Introduction A postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality following pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD). A pharmacologic approach using perioperative octreotide, a long-acting somatostatin analog having an inhibitory action on pancreatic exocrine secretion, was proposed to reduce the incidence of the POPF. Despite contradictory results in various randomized controlled trials (RCTs), the prophylactic octreotide has been widely used in the last two decades to reduce the POPF. The present meta-analysis aims to assess the effectiveness of the prophylactic octreotide in preventing the POPF following PD.
Methods A literature search was performed in the PubMed for the RCTs that compared the prophylactic octreotide with the placebo following PD published prior to October 2016. Review manager (Cochrane Collaboration's software) version RevMan 5.2 was used for analysis. Those RCTs which had compared the prophylactic Octreotide with placebo to reduce the POPF following PD were considered eligible for the meta-analysis. The low quality (Jadad score of two or less) RCTs or those including mixed pancreatic resections without reporting specific pancreaticoduodenectomy outcomes were excluded. The effect size for the dichotomous and the continuous data was displayed as the odds ratio (OR) and the weighted mean difference (WMD), respectively, with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI). A fixed effect or random effects model was used to pool the data according to the result of a statistical heterogeneity test. The heterogeneity between the studies was evaluated using the Cochran Q statistic and the I
2 test, with p < 0.05 indicating significant heterogeneity.
Results There were eight RCTs available for the analysis. A total of 959 patients were included in the meta-analysis–492 received the prophylactic octreotide and 467 patients received the placebo. The prophylactic octreotide was not found to significantly decrease the total number of the POPF (OR, 1.03'; 95% CI: 0.73–1.45; p-value 0.85) or the clinically significant POPF (OR, 0.76; 95% CI: 0.35–1.65; p-value 0.49) compared with the placebo. There was also no difference in the duration of hospital stay (WMD, 1.19; 95% CI:1.84–4.23; p-value 0.44) or the postoperative mortality (OR, 2.04; 95% CI: 0.87–4.78; p-value 0.10) between the two groups. The prophylactic octreotide was also not found to significantly delay the gastric emptying (OR, 0.76; 95% CI: 0.41–1.40; p-value 0.38).
Conclusion The present meta-analysis does not support the role of the prophylactic octreotide to prevent the POPF following PD.
Qualitätsmanagement auf der Intensivstation
Authors: Riessen Reimer , Haap Michael 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe care of critically ill patients in an intensive care unit is effected by an interprofessional and interdisciplinary team. Quality and success of intensive care is mainly based on the performance of this team. Suitable quality management measures, based on valid indicators, insure an optimal workflow for the benefit of patient safety.
The political economy of intellectual property rights: the paradox of Article 27 exemplified in Ghana
Authors: De Beukelaer Christiaan , Fredriksson Martin 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT
Orthodox copyright scholarship frames piracy in ‘developing’ countries as a detrimental and illegal practice that results from these countries’ lack of economic, social and cultural development. It argues that piracy needs to be discouraged, regulated, and finally overcome for legitimate business to flourish. In this article, the authors challenge this viewpoint and question whether the implementation of international copyright instruments in legislation across Africa really promotes those local economies or if it merely exposes them to neo-colonial exploitation. While the early international treaties on intellectual property rights (IPR) were formulated by European states and implemented in most parts of Africa through colonial laws, more recent legislation has been globally implemented through institutions such as the United Nations or the World Trade Organization, which remain dominated by Western interests. Through a structured overview of the adoption of IPR treaties in African countries, the authors advance a political economy perspective of intellectual property rights as a (neo-)colonial regime.
Multistate Outbreak of Burkholderia cepacia Complex Bloodstream Infections After Exposure to Contaminated Saline Flush Syringes: United States, 2016–2017
Authors: Brooks Richard B , Mitchell Patrick K , Miller Jeffrey R , Vasquez Amber M , Havlicek Jessica , Lee Hannah , Quinn Monica , Adams Eleanor , Baker Deborah , Greeley Rebecca , Ross Kathleen , Daskalaki Irini , Walrath Judy , Moulton-Meissner Heather , Crist Matthew B ,   Burkholderia cepacia Workgroup
Published: October 2018

Abstract

Background
Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc) has caused healthcare-associated outbreaks, often in association with contaminated products. The identification of 4 Bcc bloodstream infections in patients residing at a single skilled nursing facility (SNF) within 1 week led to an epidemiological investigation to identify additional cases and the outbreak source.

Methods
A case was initially defined via a blood culture yielding Bcc in a SNF resident receiving intravenous therapy after 1 August 2016. Multistate notifications were issued to identify additional cases. Public health authorities performed site visits at facilities with cases to conduct chart reviews and identify possible sources. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) was performed on isolates from cases and suspect products. Facilities involved in manufacturing suspect products were inspected to assess possible root causes.

Results
An outbreak of 162 Bcc bloodstream infections across 59 nursing facilities in 5 states occurred during September 2016–January 2017. Isolates from patients and pre-filled saline flush syringes were closely related by PFGE, identifying contaminated flushes as the outbreak source and prompting a nationwide recall. Inspections of facilities at the saline flush manufacturer identified deficiencies that might have led to the failure to sterilize a specific case containing a partial lot of the product.

Conclusions
Communication and coordination among key stakeholders, including healthcare facilities, public health authorities, and state and federal agencies, led to the rapid identification of an outbreak source and likely prevented many additional infections. Effective processes to ensure the sterilization of injectable products are essential to prevent similar outbreaks in the future.
Characterizations of Minimum Structure- and Substructure-Cuts of Hypercubes
Authors: Yang Yuxing 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
For a graph G and a connected subgraph H of G, denote by ℋ(G;H) the set of subgraphs of G which are isomorphic to H and denote by ℋS(G;H) the union of sets of subgraphs of T, where T ranges over all the elements in ℋ(G;H). An H-structure-cut (respectively, H-substructure-cut) of G is a subset of ℋ(G;H) (respectively, ℋS(G;H)), if any, whose removal disconnects G. The H-structure connectivity (respectively, H-substructure connectivity) is the cardinality of a minimum H-structure-cut (respectively, H-substructure-cut) of G. The hypercube is one of the most attractive interconnection networks for large-scale multiprocessor computer systems. In this paper, we will characterize the minimum H-structure-cuts and the minimum H-substructure-cuts of hypercubes for H∈{K1,1,K1,2,K1,3,C4}.
A global meta-analysis of groundwater quality valuation studies
Authors: Brouwer Roy , Neverre Noémie 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
A global meta-analysis consisting of almost three decades of groundwater quality valuation studies is presented. New in this study is the focus on the uncertainties surrounding different groundwater quality levels and the control included for groundwater contaminants originating from agriculture and other sources. Separate meta-regression models are estimated for the USA, Europe and the World, detecting sensitivity to scope and reference dependence. Public willingness to pay appears more sensitive to uncertainty in the baseline scenario than in the policy scenario. The high explanatory power of the estimated meta-regression models and low prediction errors provide confidence in their usefulness for reliable benefits transfer.
Housing Transitions and Recovery of Older Adults Following Hurricane Sandy
Authors: Merdjanoff Alexis A , Piltch-Loeb Rachael , Friedman Sarah , Abramson David M 
Published: October 2018

AbstractObjectivesThis study explores the effects of social and environmental disruption on emergency housing transitions among older adults following Hurricane Sandy. It is based upon the Sandy Child and Family Health (S-CAFH) Study, an observational cohort of 1,000 randomly sampled New Jersey residents living in the nine counties most affected by Sandy.MethodsThis analysis examines the post-Sandy housing transitions and recovery of the young-old (55–64), mid-old (65–74), and old-old (75+) compared with younger adults (19–54). We consider length of displacement, number of places stayed after Sandy, the housing host (i.e., family only, friends only, or multi-host), and self-reported recovery.ResultsAmong all age groups, the old-old (75+) reported the highest rates of housing damage and were more likely to stay in one place besides their home, as well as stay with family rather than by themselves after the storm. Despite this disruption, the old-old were most likely to have recovered from Hurricane Sandy.DiscussionFindings suggest that the old-old were more resilient to Hurricane Sandy than younger age groups. Understanding the unique post-disaster housing needs of older adults can help identify critical points of intervention for their post-disaster recovery.
“Left Like Stones in the Middle of the Road”: Narratives of Aging Alone and Coping Strategies in Rural Albania and Bulgaria
Authors: Conkova Nina , Vullnetari Julie , King Russell , Fokkema Tineke 
Published: October 2018

Abstract

Objectives
We explore and compare older adults’ lived experiences and coping strategies in two postcommunist countries—Albania and Bulgaria. Wholesale youth outmigration and economic and institutional regional decline have led to decaying rural areas where older adults become “abandoned.” Aging alone, as couples or widowed, they are socially marginalized and in constant search for coping mechanisms which enable them to survive.

Methods
We adopt a social-psychology theoretical framework which distinguishes between problem-focused and emotion-focused coping. Data include 28 in-depth interviews with older residents and participant observation in selected rural areas of the two countries.

Results
In both countries, rural social isolation is expressed as a lack of close family ties—mainly due to the removal through outmigration of children and grandchildren—and detachment from society at large. The most prevalent coping mechanism consists of practical and emotional support from non-kin ties, especially neighbors. Remittances help to resolve material needs, especially in Albania, where most rural young people migrate abroad. In both settings, a range of emotion-focused coping strategies were identified, including perceptions of decreased needs, lowered expectations about relationships, and satisfaction at the achievements of the younger generations.

Discussion
Similarities between research findings in Albania and Bulgaria reflect their shared political and institutional history. Although few, differences relate to a combination of contrasting migration and cultural patterns. In both settings problem- and emotion-focused adaptive strategies are overlapping, and successful aging efforts seem to be of a communal rather than an individualistic nature.
Normality operators and classical recapture in many-valued logic
Authors: Ciuni Roberto , Carrara Massimiliano 
Published: October 2018

AbstractIn this paper, we use a ‘normality operator’ in order to generate logics of formal inconsistency and logics of formal undeterminedness from any subclassical many-valued logic that enjoys a truth-functional semantics. Normality operators express, in any many-valued logic, that a given formula has a classical truth value. In the first part of the paper we provide some setup and focus on many-valued logics that satisfy some (or all) of the three properties, namely subclassicality and two properties that we call fixed-point negation property and conservativeness. In the second part of the paper, we introduce normality operators and explore their formal behaviour. In the third and final part of the paper, we establish a number of classical recapture results for systems of formal inconsistency and formal undeterminedness that satisfy some or all the properties above. These are the main formal results of the paper. Also, we illustrate concrete cases of recapture by discussing the logics $\mathsf{K}^{\circledast }_{3}$, $\mathsf{LP}^{\circledast }$, $\mathsf{K}^{w\circledast }_{3}$, $\mathsf{PWK}^{\circledast }$ and $\mathsf{E_{fde}}^{\circledast }$, that are in turn extensions of $\mathsf{{K}_{3}}$, $\mathsf{LP}$, $\mathsf{K}^{w}_{3}$, $\mathsf{PWK}$ and $\mathsf{E_{fde}}$, respectively.