bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Beyond Interviews and Focus Groups: Mapping New Ways to Integrate Innovative Qualitative Methods into Randomised Controlled Trials of Complex Public Health Interventions
Authors: Davis Katherine , Minckas Nicole , Bond Virginia , Clark Cari Jo , Colbourn Tim , Drabble Sarah J. , Hesketh Therese , Hill Zelee , Morrison Joanna , Mweemba Oliver , Osrin David , Prost Audrey , Seeley Janet , Shahmanesh Maryam , Spindler Esther , Stern Erin , Turner Katrina , Mannell Jenevieve 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Background: Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) are widely used for establishing evidence of the effectiveness of interventions, yet public health interventions are often complex, posing specific challenges for RCTs. While there is increasing recognition that qualitative methods can and should be integrated into RCTs, few frameworks and practical guidance highlight which qualitative methods should be integrated and for what purposes. As a result, qualitative methods are often poorly or haphazardly integrated into existing trials and researchers rely heavily on standard interviews and focus group discussions. To improve current practice, we propose a framework for innovative qualitative research methods that can help address the challenges of RCTs for complex public health interventions.
Methods: We used a stepped approach to develop a practical framework for researchers, which included: (1) a systematic review of the innovative qualitative methods mentioned in the health literature, (2) in-depth interviews with 23 academics from different methodological backgrounds working on RCTs of public health interventions in 11 different countries, and (3) framework development and group consensus-building process.
Results: The findings are presented according to the CONSORT Statement categories for ease of use. The main challenges of RCTs for public health interventions are identified alongside each of the CONSORT categories and potential innovative qualitative methods that overcome each challenge are listed as part of a Framework for the Integration of Innovative Qualitative Methods into RCTs of Complex Health Interventions. Innovative qualitative methods raised in the interviews and discussed in detail include: rapid ethnographic appraisals, document analysis, diary methods, interactive voice responses and SMS, community mapping, spiral walks, public randomisation, pair interviews, visual participatory analysis, among others.
Conclusions: The findings of this study point to the usefulness of observational and participatory methods for trials of complex public health interventions, offering a novel contribution to the broader literature about the need for mixed methods approaches. Integrating a diverse toolkit of qualitative methods can enable appropriate adjustments during RCTs, which in turn create more sustainable and effective interventions. However, this will require a cultural shift including the adoption of method-neutral research approaches, transdisciplinary collaborations, and a shift in publishing regimes.
Adolescents’ self-report on the use and helpfulness of stress coping strategies
Authors: Orska Rita , Pigozne Tamara , Usca Svetlana 
Published: December 2018

The article presents the results of the first stage of the Latvia-Lithuania cross-border project “Developing of Social Psychological Support Service System through Implementation of Method of Positive Coping Strategies and Enhancement of Social Inclusion for People in Vulnerable Groups” (POZCOPING), in which, based on the adolescents’ self-report and using the methodology (Adolescent Coping Scale) developed by E. Freidenberg and R. Lewis, stress-causing problems and the use and helpfulness of stress coping strategies of adolescents’ in Latvia were identified and analysed.
El poder de decisión del juez en un Estado de derecho: aportes de Max Weber al debate actual
Authors: Harbottle Quirós Frank 
Published: December 2018

En la investigación se reflexiona sobre la labor de los jueces en un Estado de derecho, tomando como punto de partida el principio de división de poderes. Se expone la posición asumida por Max Weber en la obra Economía y Sociedad, en relación con la creación y aplicación del derecho.Se establece, en este artículo, que la temática en cuanto a si los jueces crean derecho o no se encuentra vigente, al no estar acabado el debate entre reglas y principios. Se concluye, en relación con la interpretación del derecho, que la fundamentación de las sentencias es una garantía político-institucional debido a que permite controlar la actividad jurisdiccional y, consecuentemente, la legitimidad democrática de los jueces.
Cuba, bienes funerarios y publicidad registral. Propuesta para su perfeccionamiento
Authors: Mendoza Pérez Juan Carlos , Ramírez Thomas Dayamis , Lamas Bertrán Gretcher 
Published: December 2018

El presente artículo está enmarcado en el estudio de los bienes funerarios con el fin de redimensionar los mecanismos de publicidad de que están dotados los mismos, teniendo como máxima representación de aquella, la creación de una sección dentro del Registro de la Propiedad, que se encargue de brindar una protección eficaz, cautelosa y rigurosa de dichos títulos, bajo la observancia de los principios generales del derecho.
Sistema tributario aduanero peruano y beneficios de los acuerdos de integración comercial Perú-México
Authors: Huamán Sialer Marco Antonio 
Published: December 2018

El presente artículo analiza el Sistema Tributario Aduanero del Perú, para lo cual se inicia con una breve reseña de la base legal que rige la normatividad interna, para luego señalar y definir cada uno de los tributos aduaneros que se pagan en el comercio exterior. Luego se comentaran los aspectos más importantes de los Acuerdos de Integración Comercial que el Perú ha suscrito con México, partiendo por sus antecedentes, los beneficios tributarios arancelarios y el actual flujocomercial de las mercancías (estadísticas) del Acuerdo de Integración Comercial Perú-México y el Acuerdo de Alianza del Pacífico Perú, México, Colombia y Chile; asimismo se comentara la casuística emitida por el Tribunal Fiscal de Perú en materia de acogimiento del Tratado de Libre Comercio (TLC) entre Perú y México, para finalmente llegar a señalar las conclusiones respectivas.
Denitrification activity of polyphosphate accumulating organisms (PAOs) in full-scale wastewater treatment plants
Authors: Lanham Ana B. , Oehmen Adrian , Carvalho Gilda , Saunders Aaron M. , Nielsen Per H. , Reis Maria A. M. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
A comprehensive assessment of full-scale enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) plants (five plants, 19 independent tests) was undertaken to determine their effectiveness in terms of aerobic and anoxic P removal. By comparing parallel P uptake tests under only aerobic or under anoxic-aerobic conditions, results revealed that introducing an anoxic stage led to an overall P removal of on average 90% of the P removed under only aerobic conditions. This was achieved with negligible higher PHA and glycogen requirements, 30% lower overall oxygen consumption and with the simultaneous removal of nitrate, reducing up to an estimate of 70% of carbon requirements for simultaneous N and P removal. Varying fractions of denitrifying polyphosphate accumulating organisms (DPAOs), from an average of 25% to 84%, were found in different plants. No correlation was found between the DPAO fractions and EBPR configuration, season, or the concentration of any of the microbial groups measured via quantitative fluorescence in situ hybridisation. These included Type I and Type II Ca. Accumulibacter and glycogen accumulating organisms, suggesting that chemical batch tests are the best methodology for quantifying the potential of anoxic P removal in full-scale wastewater treatment plants.
The Estimation of the Critical Flashover Voltage of Insulators Using the Computational Intelligence
Authors: Dehyadegari Louiza , Khajehasani Somayeh 
Published: December 2018

Background:
Electric insulation is generally a vital factor in both the technical and economic
feasibility of complex power and electronic systems. Several researches focus on the behavior
of insulators under polluted conditions. That they are mathematical and physical models of insulators,
experiments and simulation programs. Also experiments on critical flashover voltage are timeconsuming
and have more limitations such as high cost and need for especial equipment’s.

Objective:
This paper focused on optimized predicting of critical flashover voltage of Polluted insulators
based on artificial intelligence.

Methods:
Fuzzy logic and artificial neural networks are used in order to have the best estimation of
the critical flashover.

Results:
In this way the correlation index (regression coefficient) improved about 2% toward previous
works with same experimental data sets. Additionally, with using the properties of nonlinear artificial
neural networks we can have the perfect (R=100%) prediction of the critical flashover voltage
on experimental dataset.

Conclusion:
In this paper two methods for the estimation of critical flashover voltage of polluted
insulators using fuzzy logic and neural networks was presented. the regression coefficient R
achieved by the optimal parameters is 98.4% while in previous work is 96.7%. In neural network
model we have regression coefficient 100% and in previous neural network model it was 99%. our
test set is the same as previous works and achieved from experiments. These results show that fuzzy
proposed methods are powerful and useful tools lead to a more accurate, generalized and objective
estimation of the critical flashover voltage.
DEFINIÇÃO DE MODAL DE TRANSPORTE ÓTIMO PARA COMPONENTE ELETROELETRÔNICO DE UMA EMPRESA MULTINACIONAL
Authors: Nunes Débora Porcari , Costa Fabiano , Bueno Robson Elias , Fernandes Samuel 
Published: December 2018

Nos últimos anos, com o aumento contínuo da competividade entre as organizações, e a necessidade de reduzir ao máximo os custos no processo produtivo, torna-se indispensável para as empresas encontrar medidas para satisfazerem as expectativas dos clientes em relação à entrega de produtos, realização de serviços e ainda atender as normas de qualidade. Por esse motivo o desenvolvimento e implementação de sistemas que auxiliem no gerenciamento e escolha do melhor modal são imprescindíveis. Nesse contexto, a pergunta que rege este artigo é: como e por que uma modalidade de transporte de cargas é mais eficiente que outra para o escoamento de produção de produtos eletroeletrônicos? O objetivo principal será analisar e identificar um sistema que possibilite a obtenção da decisão ótima do Modal de Transporte que será utilizado para entrega de componentes eletroeletrônicos na Argentina. A justificativa para esse projeto é ilustrar o grau de eficácia nos procedimentos utilizados para escolha do melhor sistema modal. Neste artigo serão comparados os modais aéreos, rodoviários e ferroviários. Serão apresentados também vantagens e desvantagens, que possuem custos mais altos e também menores, suas facilidades e dificuldades para o uso conforme o tipo de produto/mercadoria a ser transportada.
APLICAÇÃO DOS CONCEITOS DE METODOLOGIA DE PROJETOS NA INDÚSTRIA DE MANUFATURA DE BRINQUEDOS.
Authors: De Assis Cleverson Faber , Tenório Leandro , Bueno Robson Elias , Fernandes Samuel 
Published: December 2018

O presente artigo tem por intuito apresentar resultados de um estudo de caso realizado em uma empresa de transformação de plástico situada na região da grande São Paulo. O objetivo do estudo é medir quais as vantagens que um projeto de automatização pode trazer para a indústria de manufatura. Dentro do ponto de vista da automação de processos, buscando a redução de tempo, fadiga e custo. Para a coleta de dados foi utilizado o conceito de triangulação utilizando entrevistas, observações e documentações pertinentes. Preparou-se um sistema de comparação entre os processos, o método antigo e o atual, para medir quais os reais benefícios do projeto. Por meio dessa analise foi possível observar que o projeto de melhoria contribui para o desenvolvimento da empresa, resultando maiores lucros. As tarefas envolvidas foram distinguidas, os tempos foram colhidos e os custos foram dos processos foram medidos. Através das avaliações dos resultados foram consolidadas melhorias ao processo de produção em função da diminuição dos custos. Podemos verificar que a um bom projeto de melhoria, mesmo que á princípio pareça ser mais onerosa para a empresa, torna-se um importante incremento de valor ao seu sistema produtivo.
Survival rate and shoot growth of grafted Dahurian larch (Larix gmelinii var. japonica): a comparison between Japanese larch (L. kaempferi) and F1hybrid larch (L. gmelinii var. japonica × L. kaempferi) rootstocks
Authors: Kita Kazuhito , Kon Hirokazu , Ishizuka Wataru , Agathokleous Evgenios , Kuromaru Makoto 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
We grafted scions of Dahurian larch (Larix gmelinii var. japonica) onto Japanese larch (L. kaempferi) and F1 hybrid larch (L. gmeli­nii var. japonica × L. kaempferi) rootstocks and examined root­stock-scion compatibility by assessing the survival rate (SR) in two independent experiments. Scion overgrowth on the root­stock was not observed. SR was not significantly different among rootstocks due to large interquartile ranges (IQR) among clones within a rootstock type. Results suggested that the SR was more dependent on the clonal characteristics of the scion than on the growth vigor of the rootstock. Shoot elonga­tion of grafts on F1 hybrid rootstock was superior to that of grafts on Japanese larch rootstock. Selection of an appropriate combination of scion and rootstock may improve the SR of grafted Dahurian larch and shorten the cultivation period.
Cloning and Molecular Evolution Analysis of NBS Class Resistance Gene Analogs in Black Bamboo (Phyllostachys nigra)
Authors: Li-Xia Yu , Jun-Jun Xi , Qiong Bai , Ya-ping Zhang , Bin Li , Bo Yan 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
The nucleotide binding site (NBS) domain sequences were iso­lated from genomic DNA in black bamboo, using the degenerate primer designed according to the conserved motifs of the NBS resistance gene. The expected size of the PCR product was about 700 bp. Among 55 positive clones, the amino acid sequence alignment identified 33 black bamboo resistance gene analogs (RGAs) that contain the NBS conserved motifs. All of the 33 RGAs ORFs were constructed in an NJ (Neighbor-joi­ning) tree, and divided into 10 groups. This analysis demonstrated the diversity of the NBS class RGA in black bamboo. The maximum likelihood estimates of various evolutionary models were analyzed; the result showed that 2 groups with a total of 10 sequences and 12 sites demonstrated statistically significant positive selection. Most of the positive selected sites were not located in the NBS conserved motifs. Two groups of gene conversion events had been discovered, which provide a mate­rial basis and research direction in isolating black bamboo R genes.
Perlindungan Hukum Konsumen dalam Perjanjian Baku Elektronik
Authors: Nurhafni Nurhafni , Bintang Sanusi 
Published: December 2018

Artikel ini ingin menjawab bagaimana perlindungan konsumen dalam perjanjian baku elektronik pada telekomunikasi seluler. Undang-Undang Perlindungan Konsumen menyebutkan klausula baku sebagai ketentuan dan syarat-syarat yang telah dipersiapkan dan ditetapkan terlebih dahulu secara sepihak oleh pelaku usaha. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis-normatif, yakni berusaha dengan bahan hukum meng-analisis klausula baku telekomunikasi seluler. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlindungan kepada konsumen dalam kontrak elektronik Telkomsel, perusahaan PT. Telekomunikasi Indonesia Tbk memberikan alternatif penyelesaian sengketa dengan cara pengajuan klaim keberatan pelanggan baik lisan maupun tulisan melalui Grapari PT. Telekomunikasi Indonesia Tbk dan apabila ditetapkan suatu ganti rugi, maka ganti rugi yang dibayar pihak PT. Telekomunikasi Indonesia Tbk berbentuk ganti rugi pengembalian uang atas kesalahan penghitungan biaya tagihan. Consumer Law Protection in Electronic Standard Agreement This article aims to answer how consumer protection in an electronic standard agreement on cellular telecommunications. The Consumer Protection Law stipulated that standard clauses as provisions and conditions that have been unilaterally prepared and determined by business actors. This is normative juridical research, using legal materials to analyze the standard clauses of cellular telecommunications. This research found that the protection of consumers in Telkomsel electronic contracts, Indonesia Telecommunication Company provides an alternative dispute resolution by submitting customer objection claims both oral and written through Grapari Indonesia Telecommunications Company and if a compensation is stipulated, then it will be paid by Indonesia Telecommunication Company in the form of refund for the error calculation of bill fees.
Perlindungan Konsumen Jajanan Bahan Berbahaya di Lingkungan Sekolah
Authors: Suriati Eni , Darmawan Darmawan , Mansur Teuku Muttaqin 
Published: December 2018

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk melihat bagaimana perlindungan terhadap konsumen serta pengawasan yang dilakukan oleh Pemerintah Kabupaten Aceh Besar terkait makanan jajanan anak yang mengandung bahan berbahaya di lingkungan sekolah. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan yuridis empiris, diharapkan penelitian ini bisa menjawab masalah yang diajukan. Selain bahan hukum, penelitian dengan pendekatan yuridis empiris juga menggunakan data primer. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Pemerintah Kabupaten Aceh Besar berusaha memberikan perlindungan terhadap konsumen pangan jajanan yang mengandung bahan berbahaya. Perlindungan diberikan dengan cara pengawasan terhadap penjual makanan yang berjualan di lingkungan sekolah. Pemerintah disarankan agar mempertimbangkan untuk membuat undang-undang khusus tentang perlindungan konsumen anak. Consumer Protection on Snacks Hazardous Ingredients at School Area This research conducted to see how the consumer’s protection and the supervision carried out by Aceh Besar District Government related to children's snacks that contain hazardous ingredients in the school environment. This research applied empiric juridical approach, it is hoped that can answer the problems arise. Not only uses legal materials but this research also uses primary data. The results of the study indicate that the Aceh Besar District Government seeks to provide protection for child consumers of snacks hazardous ingredients. Protection is provided by giving supervision for food sellers who sell in the school area. It is suggested to the government to consider making a special law on child consumers protection.
Politik Hukum Pajak Daerah di Kabupaten Polewali Mandar Sulawesi Barat
Authors: Astomo Putra , Farhanuddin Farhanuddin 
Published: December 2018

Artikel ini ingin menjawab permasalahan utama terkait pajak di daerah. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan normatif, dapat digambarkan bahwa era otonomi daerah, dikaitkan dengan pajak daerah melalui asas desentralisasi, pemerintah daerah diberikan kewenangan untuk memungut pajak daerah. Pajak tersebut dalam rangka meningkatkan pendapatan asli daerah dan menyelenggarakan serta membiayai pembangunan di daerah. Dasar hukum bagi pemerintah daerah untuk memungut pajak adalah Undang-Undang Pajak Daerah dan Retribusi Daerah. Selain itu, Pemerintah Daerah juga membentuk peraturan di daerah sebagai peraturan teknis dibidang pajak daerah dan retribusi daerah. Peraturan yang dibentuk di daerah disebut politik hukum, yang merupakan kebijakan hukum negara untuk mencapai tujuan nasionalnya dengan membentuk hukum untuk mengatur sesuatu hal yang berkaitan langsung dengan kepentingan nasional. Political Law of Regional Tax in Polewali Mandar District West Sulawesi This article aims to answer the main problems related to taxes in the region. This is a normative research, aiming to describe the regional autonomy era to be associated with regional taxes through decentralization principle, local governments are given the authority to collect regional taxes. The tax is used to increase local revenue and organize the finance development in the region. The legal basis for local governments to collect taxes is the Regional Tax Law and Regional Retribution. In addition, the Regional Government also established regulations in the region as technical regulations of regional taxes and regional retribution. Regulations established in the region are called legal politics, which are the state legal policies to achieve national goals by establishing laws to regulate issues related to national interests.
Hukum Agraria Bidang Pertanahan Setelah Otonomi Daerah
Authors: Fitri Ria 
Published: December 2018

Penelitian ini ingin menjawab keberadaan hukum pertanahan setelah otonomi daerah. Pemberian otonomi pada pemerintah daerah dan pemerintahan kabupaten/kota setelah reformasi merupakan upaya untuk memberi pelayanan secara cepat dan tepat pada masyarakat bidang pertanahan. Dengan melakukan studi dokumen, ditemukan bahwa otonomi dibidang pertanahan justru berdampak pada hukum agraria. Undang-Undang Peraturan Dasar Pokok-Pokok Agraria yang mengandung prinsip kewenangan dibidang pertanahan bersifat sentralistik, dengan sendirinya harus berubah. Pemerintah di daerah harus memberikan pelayanan dibidang pertanahan pada era otonomi daerah ini. Agrarian Law of Land After Regional Autonomy This study aims to answer the existence of land law after regional autonomy. Giving autonomy to the regional government and district/city government after reform is an effort to provide quick and precise services to the land sector community. By conducting document studies, it was found that autonomy in the land sector had an impact on Agrarian Law. The Basic Law of Agrarian Principles which contains the principle of authority in the land sector is centralized, and must naturally change. Governments in the regions must provide services in the land sector in this regional autonomy era.