bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Response of circular tunnel with imperfect interface bonding in layered ground subjected to obliquely incident plane P or SV wave
Authors: Zou Yan , Liu Huabei , Jing Liping , Miao Yu 
Published: July 2018

SummaryA semianalytical procedure is proposed for evaluating the internal forces of circular tunnel with imperfect interface bonding in layered ground subjected to an obliquely incident plane P or SV wave. In this study, the hoop bending moment and hoop axial force are related to the free‐field responses of the ground. A one‐dimensional numerical approach is firstly presented to obtain the free‐field responses of a layered half‐space with an obliquely incident plane P or SV wave propagation. Then, the free‐field stress state is transformed and decomposed in the polar coordinate system. The internal forces of tunnel caused by the isotropic stress state and the pure shear state are calculated and then summed up to obtain the overall analytical solutions. Finally, the validity of the proposed semianalytical procedure is demonstrated by numerical examples.
Local refinement of flat‐top partition of unity based high‐order approximation
Authors: Liu Xiaoying , Zhao Zhiye , An Xinmei , Jiao Yuyong 
Published: July 2018

SummaryThe high‐order approximation with regularly patterned flat‐top partition of unity mesh in one‐ and two‐dimensional cases has been proven linearly independent. However, for problems with stress concentration or stress singularity, local refinement within the regular mesh is necessary to improve the accuracy and efficiency. This paper introduces local refinement of flat‐top partition of unity mesh within the framework of high‐order approximation in one‐ and two‐dimensional spaces, respectively. Based on the traditional PU mesh, the construction of locally refined flat‐top PU mesh is straightforward. With the rank deficiency counting approach, linear independence is proven from element level for the locally refined mesh system. Based on the numerical solution procedure presented, two numerical examples are analyzed to verify the proposed approximation method.
Genome Mining‐Mediated Discovery of a New Avermipeptin Analogue in Streptomyces actuosus ATCC 25421
Authors: Liu Weiying , Sun Fengxian , Hu Yang 
Published: July 2018

AbstractStreptomyces actuosus ATCC 25421 was famous for producing thiopeptide nosiheptide, which has widely been used as a feed additive for the promotion of animal growth. Herein, we report the complete genome sequence of S. actuosus ATCC 25421, which consists of an 8,145,579‐bp circular chromosome with a G+C content of 72.53 % containing 7 536 protein‐coding genes. The antiSMASH 3.0 program was used to identify 49 biosynthetic gene clusters for putative secondary metabolites, including a putative lantipeptide gene cluster that showed 85 % similarity to the reported informatipeptin biosynthetic gene cluster, indicating that the putative lantipeptide gene cluster has the ability to generate the informatipeptin analogue. Compared with avermipeptin, the lantipeptide precursor peptide (termed avermipeptin B) from S. actuosus ATCC 25421 contains a 14‐aa leader peptide and a 24‐aa core peptide, in which Ile15 was different from Val15 in avermipeptin. We also deduced the structure and the biosynthetic mechanism of avermipeptin B. Heterologous expression of the avermipeptin B biosynthetic gene cluster in S. lividans TK24 was characterized by high‐resolution mass spectrometry (ESI‐MS/MS). Finally, we found that avermipeptin B displayed strong activity against Gram‐positive strains. The genome sequence reported here can encourage us to mine novel secondary metabolites and investigate their biosynthetic mechanism in the future.
A model of identity grounded in the acute season of survivorship
Authors: Thiessen Maclean , Hack Thomas F. , Pitz Marshall , Anderson Marcia 
Published: July 2018

AbstractObjectiveSurvivorship literature generally focuses on the cancer experience after diagnosis and treatment. However, acute survivorship, beginning with diagnosis and ending at the completion of treatment, has a lasting impact on the well‐being of patients. The purpose of this study was to generate a theoretical understanding of how identity is affected during acute survivorship.MethodsUsing grounded theory and interviews with patients, their families, and their friends, the impact of the acute survivorship phase on the identity of patients was explored in Manitoba, Canada. Forty‐two interviews were carried out, involving 18 patients with early malignancies and 15 friends and family members.ResultsThe theory which evolved suggests that identity can be viewed as a construct of 3 concepts: values, social domains, and routine. Following diagnosis identity is disrupted as patients face challenges integrating the health care recipient social domain into their established routine. Patients indicated that the impact of the cancer diagnosis on their identities could have been minimized through earlier provision of the necessary information to re‐establish routine.ConclusionsThe theory that emerged from this study articulates the impact of the early cancer experience on the identity of patients. It also provides a framework for predicting which interventions may improve the cancer experience. Exploring how to best provide information that helps patients re‐establish and maintain their routines after diagnosis is an important future direction.
Phosphite alters the behavioral response of potato tuber moth (Phthorimaea operculella) to field‐grown potato
Authors: Mulugeta Tewodros , Mulatu Bayeh , Tekie Habte , Yesuf Mohammed , Andreasson Erik , Alexandersson Erik 
Published: July 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe potato tuber moth (PTM) (Phthorimaea operculella) is a pest of solanaceous species that causes serious damage to potato tubers and tomato fruits. Control is mainly dependent on the use of synthetic chemicals, which pose a risk to the environment and health of farmers, especially in developing countries where application safety rules are often neglected. In this study we aimed at investigating the effects of a plant resistance inducer (PRI) potassium phosphite on PTM larval population density and PTM parasitoid levels, which can be used as biocontrol agents. We also tested whether intercropping with tomato, which is less attractive to PTM, provided a spatial border to further reduce PTM numbers.RESULTSIn two different locations over two seasons, we showed that foliar application of phosphite more than halved the PTM larval populations on potato, and that PTM parasitoid numbers were unaffected. No consistent reduction in PTM was achieved by intercropping potato with tomato.CONCLUSIONSPhosphite reduced PTM numbers in the field without interfering with autochthonous parasitoids, indicating its suitability as part of an Integrated Pest Management strategy. Ex situ choice tests showed that phosphite‐treated potato deterred PTM, which could be a reason for the control of PTM in the field. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Investigation of pallet stacking pattern on unit load bridging
Authors: Molina Eduardo , Horvath Laszlo , White Marshall S. 
Published: July 2018

Considering the effect of packages during pallet design will reduce costs and improve the sustainability of supply chains. Currently, many mechanical interactions between the pallet and the package product are not being considered during the pallet design process. This study investigates the effect of the magnitude and type of interlocking between layers of packaged products.The bending of the pallet supporting a unit load of corrugated boxes was measured under four common support conditions, warehouse rack storage spanning the pallet width and length, fork tine support across the pallet width, and floor stacking. Five different pallet stacking patterns were analyzed from column stacking to fully interlocked stacking.It was determined that interlocking packages reduces pallet deflection up to 53%. This is more significant for lower stiffness pallets and when the payload carried by the pallet is greater than the rated load capacity of the pallet. Increasing the magnitude of the interlocking reduces the deflection of the pallet by 11.6%.These results provide a guideline on improving pallet design and help further the understanding of the interaction between pallets and the orientation of packaged products placed on the pallet.
Fast and facile preparation of nanostructured silicon surfaces for laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry of small compounds
Authors: Hamdi Abderrahmane , Enjalbal Christine , Drobecq Hervé , Boukherroub Rabah , Melnyk Oleg , Ezzaouia Hatem , Coffinier Yannick 
Published: July 2018

RationaleMany important biological processes rely on specific biomarkers (such as metabolites, drugs, proteins or peptides, carbohydrates, lipids, ...) that need to be monitored in various fluids (blood, plasma, urine, cell cultures, tissue homogenates, …). Although mass spectrometry (MS) hyphenated to liquid chromatography (LC) is widely accepted as a ‘gold‐standard’ method for identifying such synthetic chemicals or biological products, their robust fast sensitive detection from complex matrices still constitutes a highly challenging matter.MethodsIn order to circumvent the constraints intrinsic to LC/MS technology in terms of prior sample treatment, analysis time and overall method development to optimize ionization efficiency affecting the detection threshold, we investigated laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (LDI‐MS) by directly depositing the sample under study onto cheap inert nanostructures made of silicon to perform straightforward sensitive and rapid screening of targeted low mass biomarkers on a conventional MALDI platform.ResultsThe investigated silicon nanostructures were found to act as very efficient ion‐promoting surfaces exhibiting high performance for the detection of different classes of organic compounds, including glutathione, glucose, peptides and antibiotics. Achieving such broad detection was compulsory to develop a SALDI‐MS‐based pre‐screening tool.ConclusionsThe key contribution of the described analytical strategy consists of designing inert surfaces that are fast (minute preparation) and cheap to produce, easy to handle and able to detect small organic compounds in matrix‐free LDI‐MS prerequisite for biomarkers pre‐screening from body fluids without the recourse of any separation step.
Domino Oxidative Esterification of 2‐Oxo Alcohol Using 2‐Iodoxybenzoic Acid/I2: A Route to Synthesize α‐Ketoester
Authors: Sundaravelu Nallappan , Chakraborty Ankush , Sekar Govindasamy 
Published: July 2018

AbstractAn efficient metal‐free methodology for the synthesis of α‐ketoesters has been developed using α‐hydroxy ketones and alcohols which follows domino alcohol oxidation and esterification reaction sequence. This methodology shows wide range of substrate scopes to bestow the products in excellent yield. A gram scale synthesis has been carried out to show the practical utility of the protocol.
RhIII‐Catalyzed Directed Selective C7‐Hydroxylation and Acetoxylation of Indolines
Authors: Zhai Wenchao , Li Bin , Wang Baiquan 
Published: July 2018

AbstractCp*RhIII‐catalyzed selective C7‐hydroxylation and acetoxylation reactions of indolines under mild conditions have been developed. The reactions are directed by a removable pyrimidyl group and have high functional group tolerance. It provides a mild access to hydroxylated and acetoxylated indolines in moderate to excellent yields.
Slowing the Kinetics of Alumina Sol–Gel Chemistry for Controlled Catalyst Overcoating and Improved Catalyst Stability and Selectivity
Authors: Du Yuan‐Peng , Héroguel Florent , Luterbacher Jeremy S. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractCatalyst overcoating is an emerging approach to engineer surface functionalities on supported metal catalyst and improve catalyst selectivity and durability. Alumina deposition on high surface area material by sol–gel chemistry is traditionally difficult to control due to the fast hydrolysis kinetics of aluminum‐alkoxide precursors. Here, sol–gel chemistry methods are adapted to slow down these kinetics and deposit nanometer‐scale alumina overcoats. The alumina overcoats are comparable in conformality and thickness control to overcoats prepared by atomic layer deposition even on high surface area substrates. The strategy relies on regulating the hydrolysis/condensation kinetics of Al(sBuO)3 by either adding a chelating agent or using nonhydrolytic sol–gel chemistry. These two approaches produce overcoats with similar chemical properties but distinct physical textures. With chelation chemistry, a mild method compatible with supported base metal catalysts, a conformal yet porous overcoat leads to a highly sintering‐resistant Cu catalyst for liquid‐phase furfural hydrogenation. With the nonhydrolytic sol–gel route, a denser Al2O3 overcoat can be deposited to create a high density of Lewis acid–metal interface sites over Pt on mesoporous silica. The resulting material has a substantially increased hydrodeoxygenation activity for the conversion of lignin‐derived 4‐propylguaiacol into propylcyclohexane with up to 87% selectivity.
Electron‐Transport Materials in Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Lian Jiarong , Lu Bing , Niu Fangfang , Zeng Pengju , Zhan Xiaowei 
Published: July 2018

AbstractPerovskite solar cells (PSCs) based on organic–inorganic hybrid materials are a rising technology offering an alternative to silicon‐based solar cells. Electron‐transport materials (ETMs) are important for PSCs and have received much attention. Here, first, the development of the structure of PSCs, from which the ETM requirements would be derived, is briefly discussed. Second, the progress of ETMs in mesoscopic PSCs, as well as regular (n–i–p) and inverted (p–i–n) planar PSCs is surveyed and analyzed, in terms of the material requirements, inorganic ETMs, organic ETMs, and interfacial materials. Third, the advancement of PSCs without ETMs is discussed. Finally, a summary and outlook on the current challenges and future development of ETMs in PSCs is given.
Flat holography and Carrollian fluids
Authors: Ciambelli Luca , Marteau Charles , Petkou Anastasios C. , Petropoulos P. Marios , Siampos Konstantinos 
Published: July 2018

AbstractWe show that a holographic description of four-dimensional asymptotically locally flat spacetimes is reached smoothly from the zero-cosmological-constant limit of anti-de Sitter holography. To this end, we use the derivative expansion of fluid/gravity correspondence. From the boundary perspective, the vanishing of the bulk cosmological constant appears as the zero velocity of light limit. This sets how Carrollian geometry emerges in flat holography. The new boundary data are a two-dimensional spatial surface, identified with the null infinity of the bulk Ricci-flat spacetime, accompanied with a Carrollian time and equipped with a Carrollian structure, plus the dynamical observables of a conformal Carrollian fluid. These are the energy, the viscous stress tensors and the heat currents, whereas the Carrollian geometry is gathered by a two-dimensional spatial metric, a frame connection and a scale factor. The reconstruction of Ricci-flat spacetimes from Carrollian boundary data is conducted with a flat derivative expansion, resummed in a closed form in Eddington-Finkelstein gauge under further integrability conditions inherited from the ancestor anti-de Sitter set-up. These conditions are hinged on a duality relationship among fluid friction tensors and Cotton-like geometric data. We illustrate these results in the case of conformal Carrollian perfect fluids and Robinson-Trautman viscous hydrodynamics. The former are dual to the asymptotically flat Kerr-Taub-NUT family, while the latter leads to the homonymous class of algebraically special Ricci-flat spacetimes.
Biodegradation of lignin by Pseudomonas sp. Q18 and the characterization of a novel bacterial DyP-type peroxidase
Authors: Yang Chenxian , Yue Fangfang , Cui Yanlong , Xu Yuanmei , Shan Yuanyuan , Liu Bianfang , Zhou Yuan , Lü Xin 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Lignin valorization can be obtained through cleavage of selected bonds by microbial enzymes, in which lignin is segregated from cellulose and hemicellulose and abundant phenolic compounds can be provided. In this study, Pseudomonas sp. Q18, previously isolated from rotten wood in China, was used to degrade alkali lignin and raw lignocellulosic material. Gel-permeation chromatography, field-emission scanning electron microscope, and GC–MS were combined to investigate the degradation process. The GC–MS results revealed that the quantities of aromatic compounds with phenol ring from lignin increased significantly after incubation with Pseudomonas sp. Q18, which indicated the degradation of lignin. According to the lignin-derived metabolite analysis, it was proposed that a DyP-type peroxidase (PmDyP) might exist in strain Q18. Thereafter, the gene of PmDyP was cloned and expressed, after which the recombinant PmDyP was purified and the enzymatic kinetics of PmDyP were assayed. According to results, PmDyP showed promising characteristics for lignocellulosic biodegradation in biorefinery.
Leadership, the American Academy of Management, and President Trump’s Travel Ban: A Case Study in Moral Imagination
Authors: Tsoukas Haridimos 
Published: July 2018

AbstractIn this essay, I focus on the initial reaction of the then leadership of the Academy of Management (AOM) to President Trump’s travel ban issued in January 2017. By viewing the travel ban in purely administrative terms, AOM leadership framed it as an example of “political speech”, on which they were organizationally barred to take a public stand. I subject this view to critical assessment, arguing that the travel ban had a distinct moral character, which was antithetical to scholarly values. Τhe travel ban, I suggest, should be viewed as a non-prototypical case of political speech, which required AOM leadership to flexibly adapt existing rules in situ: to imaginatively frame the travel ban in order to undertake responsible action. Accordingly, the early 2017 AOM rules about political speech should be seen not as recipes-for-action but as reminders-for-action, thus allowing an imaginative reframing. Finally, exploring the notion of moral imagination, I distinguish between “disclosive” and “incremental” moral imagination and responsibility, and suggest that AOM leadership engaged mainly in the latter.
Correlations of MMP‐2 and MMP‐9 gene polymorphisms with the risk of hepatopulmonary syndrome in cirrhotic patients: A case‐control study
Authors: Liu Jian‐Wei , Chen Dong‐Qiong 
Published: July 2018

AbstractHepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS) increases the mortality of patients who suffered from liver cirrhosis, especially patients plagued by severe hypoxemia. Gene polymorphisms are reported to be related to the risk of HPS in cirrhotic patients. Thus, our study aims to elucidate the correlation between MMP‐2 and MMP‐9 gene polymorphisms and HPS in cirrhotic patients. A total of 152 cirrhotic patients suffering from HPS as well as another 152 cirrhotic patients without HPS were recruited. Polymerase chain reaction‐restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR‐RFLP) was performed for MMP‐2 and MMP‐9 gene polymorphisms and logistic regression analysis for the relationship between clinicopathological features and HPS occurrence in cirrhotic patients. There were significant differences in genotype and allele frequency of MMP‐2 rs243865 and MMP‐9 rs3918242 polymorphisms between the HPS and control groups. CC/CT genotype and C allele of MMP‐2 rs243865 polymorphism as well as CC/TT genotype and T allele of MMP‐9 rs3918242 polymorphism increased the risk of HPS in cirrhotic patients. Genotypes of rs243865 and rs3918242 polymorphisms had remarkable correlations with spider nevi, clubbed fingers (toes), transaminase elevation, portal vein width, esophageal varices, Child‐Pugh classification and partial pressure of arterial oxygen (PaO2). Logistic regression analysis showed that rs243865 and rs3918242 polymorphisms, spider nevi, clubbed fingers (toes), esophageal varices, and Child‐Pugh classification were closely associated with the occurrence of HPS in cirrhotic patients. Our findings demonstrate that MMP‐2 rs243865 polymorphism and MMP‐9 rs3918242 polymorphism can increase the risk of HPS occurrence in cirrhotic patients, which provides a potential target for prevention of HPS in cirrhotic patients.
Jante's law process
Authors: Kennerberg Philip , Volkov Stanislav 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Consider the process which starts with N ≥ 3 distinct points on ℝd, and fix a positive integer K < N. Of the total N points keep those N - K which minimize the energy amongst all the possible subsets of size N - K, and then replace the removed points by K independent and identically distributed points sampled according to some fixed distribution ζ. Repeat this process ad infinitum. We obtain various quite nonrestrictive conditions under which the set of points converges to a certain limit. This is a very substantial generalization of the `Keynesian beauty contest process' introduced in Grinfeld et al. (2015), where K = 1 and the distribution ζ was uniform on the unit cube.
Stochastic comparisons of coherent systems under different random environments
Authors: Amini-Seresht Ebrahim , Zhang Yiying , Balakrishnan Narayanaswamy 
Published: July 2018

AbstractFor many practical situations in reliability engineering, components in the system are usually dependent since they generally work in a collaborative environment. In this paper we build sufficient conditions for comparing two coherent systems under different random environments in the sense of the usual stochastic, hazard rate, reversed hazard rate, and likelihood ratio orders. Applications and numerical examples are provided to illustrate all the theoretical results established here.
A general approach to the integral functionals of epidemic processes
Authors: Lefèvre Claude , Picard Philippe 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
In this paper we consider the integral functionals of the general epidemic model up to its extinction. We develop a new approach to determine the exact Laplace transform of such integrals. In particular, we obtain the Laplace transform of the duration of the epidemic T, the final susceptible size ST, the area under the trajectory of the infectives AT, and the area under the trajectory of the susceptibles BT. The method relies on the construction of a family of martingales and allows us to solve simple recursive relations for the involved parameters. The Laplace transforms are then expanded in terms of a special class of polynomials. The analysis is generalized in part to Markovian epidemic processes with arbitrary state-dependent rates.
Overprinting of taphonomic and paleoecological signals across the forest–prairie environmental gradient, mid-continent of North America
Authors: Milideo Lauren E. , Graham Russell W. , Falk Carl R. , Semken Holmes A. , Christie Max L. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractTaphonomic factors may significantly alter faunal assemblages at varying scales. An exceptional record of late Holocene (<4000 yr old) mammal faunas establishes a firm baseline to investigate the effects of scale on taphonomy. Our sample contains 73 sites within four contiguous states (North Dakota, South Dakota, Iowa, and Illinois, USA) that transect a strong modern and late Holocene environmental gradient, the prairie–forest ecotone. We performed detrended correspondence (DCA) and non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) analyses. Both DCA and NMDS analyses of the data sets produced virtually the same results, and both failed to reveal the known ecological gradient within each state. However, both DCA and NMDS analyses of the unfiltered multistate data set across the entire gradient clearly reflect an environmental, rather than taphonomic, signal. DCA tended to provide better separation of some clusters than did NMDS in most of the analyses. We conclude that a robust mammal data set collected across a strong environmental gradient will document species turnover without the removal of taphonomic factors. In other words, taphonomy exhibits varying scale-dependent effects.