bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
L'intégration monétaire de la Communauté Economique Européenne
Authors: Allais Maurice 
Published: July 2018

L'article examine les conditions économiques et politiques d'une intégration monétaire européenne quant à la mise en place d'une monnaie unique européenne et à la mise en œuvre d'une politique monétaire européenne.
Si la réalisation d'une monnaie commune européenne, se substituant aux monnaies européennes, et d'une banque centrale européenne indépendante du pouvoir politique, qu'on le considère à l'échelon national ou à l'échelon européen, et assujettie expressément par ses statuts à assurer la stabilité monétaire, est hautement souhaitable dès que possible, penser qu'un tel objectif soit réalisable sans l'établissement préalable d'une Communauté Politique Européenne est parfaitement illusoire. L'établissement d'une monnaie européenne commune, se substituant aux monnaies nationales, et d'une banque centrale européenne implique en effet des abandons de souveraineté généralement tout à fait sous-estimés et réellement inconcevables en dehors d'institutions politiques communes.
L'Asie du Sud à l'heure des réformes économiques
Authors: Etienne Gilbert 
Published: July 2018

While the Far East and South East Asia are booming. South Asia, particularly India and Pakistan, are also on the move. Radical reforms of the economic systems have been introduced which are highly encouraging. A new dynamism is clearly appearing in the subcontinent, including even Bangladesh. That is why multinational corporations are showing a growing interest for such big or potentially big markets.
One must however underline serious difficulties such as budget deficit and inflation, bottleneck in electricity supply and transport, the needs to pay more attention to agriculture, which still plays a major role in terms of employment and through its share in gdp.
Finances publiques et croissance : l'Argentine au XXe siècle
Authors: Véganzonès-Varoudakis Marie-Ange 
Published: July 2018

Public Finance and Growth : Argentina in the 20th Century
While, up to the 1930s, Argentina's exceptional economic performance was supported by a rigorous management of public finances and an efficient allocation of government spending, the changes in economic policy in the 1940s contributed to the observed slowdown in economic growth. Argentina choose an ambitious import substitution strategy along with a strong intervention of the State in the economy. Crowding out of private investment by the growing public spending was reinforced by the strong financial repression which led to a dramatic fall in financial savings and to an important credit rationing. Private investment was also influenced negatively by the increasing public deficit and the macro-economic instability which became extreme in the
Dilemmes dans les stratégies d'aide
Authors: Berg Elliot 
Published: July 2018

Dilemmas in Aid Strategies
The debate over aid to poor countries has shifted from questions of substance (what strategies and policies are right for development) to questions of process (how to deliver aid more effectively). This paper argues that in heavily-assisted countries (where official development assistance is more than 5 % of GDP), local institutional capacities are undermined, incentives for responsible decision-making are distorted, and dependency deepens. Donors have long been aware of these problems. But they have been unable to make the changes needed to avoid them because donor methods and conflicting objectives create basic contradictions. The way out of these dilemmas is for donors and aided countries to negotiate a target date for ending «traditional » aid, say ten years. In the transition, the nature of a transformed aid relationship would be worked out. During the transition, capacity-building and preparation for self-reliance should be the number one priority ; and the least intrusive aid instruments should be emphasized -for example, debt relief, project aid and reliance on regional and international centers of excellence in education, training and research. Policy lending and its associated conditionalities should be quickly phased out.
Politique de change et exportations de produits manufacturés en Afrique subsaharienne
Authors: Sekkat Khalid , Varoudakis Aristomène A. 
Published: July 2018

Exchange Rate Management
and Manufactured Exports in Sub-Saharan Africa
This paper empirically assesses the impact of exchange rate policy on manufactured export performance on a panel of major Sub-Saharan Africa countries over the 1970-1992 period. The impact of exchange rate policy is examined through the effect of three indicators : real effective exchange rate (RER) changes, RER volatility, and (model-based measures of) RER misalignment. Export supply equations are estimated for three manufactured sectors (textile, chemicals, and metals) and two exchange rate regimes : a fixed rates regime represented by six CFA countries and a more flexible rates regime represented by five non-CFA countries. It is shown that exchange rate management matters for export performance. This is evidenced both by the significant impact of changes in the real effective exchange rate and by the negative influence exerted independently by real exchange rate misalignment. On the basis of this evidence we provide estimates of the losses in export shares induced by exchange-rate misalignment. African countries that have been successful in promoting manufactured exports have implemented cautious exchange-rate policies, leading to steadily declining real exchange-rate overvaluation.
Rôle du paludisme dans l'efficience technique des producteurs de coton du nord de la Côte-d'Ivoire
Authors: Audibert Martine , Mathonnat Jacky , Henry Marie-Claire , Nzeyimana Innocent 
Published: July 2018

The Malaria Effects on Technical Efficiency of Cotton Growers in Northern Côte d'Ivoire
This article assess the role of malaria on the agricultural development and more precisely on technical efficiency in the context of cotton crop in the Korhogo region in the North of Côte d'Ivoire. The stochastic frontier production function incorporating a model for technical inefficiency effects (Battese and Coelli, 1995) was applied in order to check the hypothesis that the efficiency deviations between farmers should be explained by the disparity of the presence and the severity of malaria infection among the farmers and their family.
Field data was collected by the authors between March 1997 and February 1998 on 700 rural households living in three production systems differently exposed to the malaria risk. Three malaria indicators were used. There were the prevalence, in the active (11-55 years old) family members of the farm, of parasitemia, high and very high densities of Plasmodium falciparum. The results of the model and the distribution of farm efficiency according to the presence and the severity of malaria infection obviously determine a critical threshold above which malaria has a negative effect on technical efficiency in the cotton crop. Then, farm households in which the proportion of actives with a high density of Plasmodium falciparum (more than 499 parasites/pl of blood) was higher or equal to 25 %, were less efficient than the farm households in which this density is lower.
Le financement de la croissance des entreprises rurales en Chine : différences selon les régions et la propriété des moyens de production
Authors: Thye Woo Wing 
Published: July 2018

Some Observations on the Ownership and Regional Aspects in Financing the Growth of China's Rural Enterprises
Rural enterprises (TVEs) have been the biggest contributor to China's growth in the last fifteen years but this may not continue, TVE investment has dropped from 8.5 percent of gdp in 1985-1988 to 7.7 percent in 1992-1997, while, over the same period, investment by state enterprises has stayed the same, and total national investment went up by 4 percentage points of GDP. This outcome reflects discrimination against non-state enterprises by the state-dominated capital markets, and the ambiguities that characterise the property rights of TVEs. Positive effects (spread effects) from the coastal boom on inland tves have been delayed because of incomplete economic deregulation, unequal regional policies, and natural geography.
The role of sex differences in detecting deception in computer-mediated communication in English
Authors: Kuzio Anna 
Published: July 2018

<p>While deception seems to be a common approach in interpersonal communication, most examination on interpersonal deception sees the sex of the interlocutor as unconnected with the capability to notice deceptive messages. This research studies the truth and deception detection capability of both male and female receivers when replying to both true and deceptive messages from both male and female speakers. The outcomes indicate that sex may be a significant variable in comprehending the interpersonal detection probabilities of truth and of lies. An interaction of variables including the speakers’ sex, receivers’ sex, and whether the message appears to be truthful or deceptive is created to relate to detection capability.</p>
Detecting Discourse-Independent Negated Forms of Public Textual Cyberbullying
Authors: Power Aurelia , Keane Anthony , Nolan Brian , O'Neill Brian 
Published: July 2018

<p>Cyberbullying is a risk associated with the online safety of young people and, in this paper, we address one of its most common implicit forms – negation-based forms. We first describe the role of negation in public textual cyberbullying interaction and identify the cyberbullying constructions that characterise these forms. We then formulate the overall detection mechanism which captures the three necessary and sufficient elements of public textual cyberbullying – the personal marker, the dysphemistic element, and the link between them. Finally, we design rules to detect both overt and covert negation-based forms, and measure their effectiveness using a development dataset, as well as a novel test dataset, across several metrics: accuracy, precision, recall, and the F1-measure. The results indicate that the rules we designed closely resemble the performance of human annotators across all measures.</p>
Análise do conteúdo de diagnósticos de enfermagem sobre desenvolvimento infantil
Authors: Souza Juliana Martins de , Veríssimo Maria De La Ó Ramallo , Cruz Diná Almeida Lopes Monteiro da 
Published: July 2018

Dispor de diagnósticos de enfermagem que respondam à complexidade do desenvolvimento infantil (DI) é fundamental para subsidiar o enfermeiro na elaboração de planos de cuidado integral à criança. O objetivo deste trabalho foi apresentar a análise do conteúdo de três novos diagnósticos sobre DI para a NANDA-I.Pesquisa metodológica, de método misto. Etapa quantitativa com juízes, mediante questionário estruturado, com análise de concordância simples; e etapa qualitativa de análise das discordâncias em grupo focal com peritos, para obtenção de consenso. Dezoito juízes responderam ao questionário, com concordância acima de 80% para os diagnósticos “Atraso no Desenvolvimento Infantil” e “Risco de Atraso no Desenvolvimento Infantil”; o diagnóstico “Disposição para Desenvolvimento Infantil Melhorado”teve 61% de concordância do enunciado e acima de 80% na maioria das características definidoras. Oito peritos analisaram as discordâncias até produção de consensos. A elevada concordância dos juízes e consenso dos peritos validaram o conteúdo dos diagnósticos propostos.
O ser-com-o-outro na condição sorodiscordante: uma abordagem fenomenológica da vulnerabilidade individual ao HIV
Authors: Silva Fernanda Da Mata Vasconcelos , Senna Sandro Márcio Moura de , Linhares Francisca Márcia Pereira , Abrão Fatima Maria Da Silva , Guedes Tatiane Gomes 
Published: July 2018

Compreendera sorodiscordância e a vulnerabilidade individual ao HIV nas relações de ser-com-o-outro sorodiscordante. Estudo qualitativo, ancorado na Fenomenologia Hermenêutica de Martin Heidegger. Participaram do estudo oito pacientes soropositivos e suas parcerias sorodiscordantes, totalizando 16 participantes. A entrevista foi o instrumento utilizado para obtenção das narrativas vividas pelos casais. Os conceitos fenomenológicos de “ser-com” e “ser-no-mundo”, descritos por Heidegger, permitiu que os sentidos e significados relacionados ao fenômeno da sorodiscordância fossem evidenciados de forma detalhada. As construções sociais de masculinidade, a reduzida capacidade do casal em negociar prática de sexo seguro, o uso da terapia antiretroviral como fator de proteção ao HIV acrescidos das influências culturais foram evidenciados como as principais situações de vulnerabilidade individual da existência sorodiscordante. A compreensão do significado existencial de ser-casal-sorodiscordante, segundo a estrutura ontológica “ser-um-com-o-outro” instiga mudanças da práxis do enfermeiro, oportunizando um atendimento diferenciado e integral ao casal sorodiscordante.
Avaliação de vídeos sobre a técnica inalatória na asma infantil: educativos ou midiáticos?
Authors: Fernandes Isabela Cristine Ferreira , Siqueira Karina Machado , Barbosa Maria Alves 
Published: July 2018

Vídeos relacionados à técnica inalatória na asma são populares no YouTube, mas sua qualidade é questão de preocupação.Neste estudo objetivou-seavaliar vídeos que demonstram a técnica inalatória do inalador pressurizado acoplado ao espaçador, para crianças e adolescentes com asma, quanto a conformidade das diretrizes da Global Initiative for Asthma. Estudo exploratório,realizado em 11 de julho de 2017 usando os termos inalador pressurizadoe aerossol dosimetrado. Os vídeos foram avaliados por três enfermeiras, independentes e experientes na área, quanto aos critérios de conteúdo, produção e usuários. Dentre os492 vídeos encontrados, seis preencheram os critérios de elegibilidade.Ponto de destaque foi a demonstração incorreta da técnica inalatória em todos os vídeos e a pontuação inadequada na avaliação técnica e de conteúdo. As descobertas deste estudo mostram que os vídeos não são confiáveis e nem compatíveis com as diretrizes de asma e, portanto, não podem ser recomendados para fins educacionais.
La publicidad institucional durante el primer gobierno ZApatero (2005-06): elementos formales y estrategias de comunicación
Authors: Guerrero Serón Carlos A. 
Published: July 2018

Esta investigación tiene como principal objetivo descubrir las estrategias de comunicación publicitaria que utilizaron las instituciones oficiales, tanto a nivel nacional como autonómico y local, durante un año a partir de abril de 2005, diferenciando por ámbito institucional y partido político con responsabilidad de gobierno.Con un corpus de análisis formado por 241 spots emitidos en las diferentes cadenas de TV pot Ministerios y organismos oficiales (ámbito estatal), cinco gobiernos de comnunidades autónomas (Andakucía, cataluña, Madrid, Valencia y Vasca) y los cinco ayuntamientos de sus respectivas capitales, el problema específico de investigación consistió en decubrir los criterios fimales utilizados para conseguir una mayor eficacia comunicativa y, complementariamente, profundizar en a intencionalidad de los mensajes y las técnicas utilizadas para lograr una mayor permeabilidad en el receptor.
STUDIES OF KINETICS AND STRUCTURAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ELECTROBAROMEMBRANE PURIFICATION OF RINSING WATERS OF PRODUCTION OF 2,2'-DIBENZOTHIAZOLILEDISULPHIDE
Authors: Lazarev Sergeiy I. , Kovalev Sergeiy V. , Kazakov Vadim G. 
Published: July 2018

The results of experimental studies are presented for the kinetic characteristics of the membranes of electrobaromembrane purification of rinsing waters of electrochemical synthesis of 2,2' - dibenzothiazoliledisulphide used as a corrosion inhibitor and chemical additives for the production of polymeric materials. The experimental studies for the determination the pore radius of the membranes were carried out by the method of low-angle X-ray scattering. The data obtained on the hindrance factor, specific flow, pore radius and radius of gyration allow to predict and to calculate the kinetic coefficients of electrobaromembrane process of purification of rinsing waters of 2,2' -2,2'- dibenzothiazoliledisulphide production.
DEPENDENCE OF DENSITY OF JOINT AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS OF AMMONIA, AMMONIUM CHLORIDE, AMMINES OF ZINC AND COPPER ON THEIR COMPOSITION
Authors: Gagarina Tatiana B. , Ksandrov Nicolaiy V. , Kazankova Tatiana N. , Peretrutov Anatoliy A. 
Published: July 2018

The dependence of the pressure of joint aqueous solutions of ammonia, ammonium chloride, ammines of zinc and copper on their component concentrations was studied by pycnometric method. The equation wich allow calculating the density of solutions mentioned above using known molar concentrations of components was obtained. The error of calculation on equation is not more than 3%. The data obtained can be used at the design of pilot devices for the extraction of zinc and copper by ammonia-ammonium solutions from industrial waste.
Alimento Saudável para que/m?/Healthy food: for who/m?
Authors: Azevedo Elaine 
Published: July 2018

O objetivo deste estudo conceitual é discutir as novas dimensões - culturais, sociais e ambientais - incorporadas ao conceito contemporâneo de alimentos saudáveis. O conceito de alimento saudável hoje deve atender à proposta desafiadora de ser saudável para todos (e tudo): para aqueles que o produzem, para aqueles que comem, para animais e plantas e para o planeta. Além disso, a experiência de comer com saúde e a liberdade de escolha promove diversas experiências sociais e sentimentos antagônicos como culpa, dúvidas, ansiedade e medo de comer. Diante da multiplicidade de propostas alimentares e de dietas e, consequentemente, da variedade de opções que tais ofertas representam para os consumidores, o padrão de consumo de alimentos que os indivíduos contemporâneos definem como saudável passa a simbolizar não apenas suas próprias identidades, mas também o desejo de ser discernido e realçado, assumindo formas cada vez mais peculiares de distinção social através da alimentação. AbstractThe aim of this conceptual study is to discuss the new dimensions - cultural, social and environmental - incorporated into the contemporary concept of healthy food. The question “what is a healthy food today” must meet the challenging proposal of being healthy for everyone (and everything): for those who produce it, for those who eat it, for animals and plants, and for the planet. Besides that, the experience of eating healthily today promotes diverse social experiences and antagonistic feelings as freedom of choice, guilt, doubts and fear to eat. Given the large supply of food and diet guidelines and, consequently, the variety of choices that this supply represents to consumers, the food consumption pattern that individuals define as healthy can be considered to symbolise not only their identities but also what they wish other individuals would think of them, taking on peculiar forms of social distinction via eating.Key words: healthy food; social distinction; food menu; contemporary consumer
Relações entre soberania alimentar, práticas alimentares e conflito territorial na comunidade Quilombola Angelim I/Food sovereignty, food practices and territorial conflict in the Quilombola community Angelim I - Sapê do Norte (ES)
Authors: Leão Ponce Pasini Isabela 
Published: July 2018

O presente artigo apresenta algumas reflexões sobre as relações entre a soberania alimentar, as práticas alimentares e o território a partir de um estudo de caso na comunidade quilombola Angelim I, situada na região do “Sapê do Norte”, local onde se territorializaram várias comunidades negras rurais no extremo norte do litoral do Espírito Santo e que enfrenta desafios no que tange a soberania e segurança alimentar e nutricional. AbstractThis article presents reflections about the relationship between food sovereignty, food practices and territory in the quilombola community Angelim I, in the “Sapê do Norte” region, state of Espírito Santo, based on part of the author's master's research, carried out as a case study. Ours perspective comes from the Geography glance mainly, with food as the central axis to unveil, through literature review, field research, oral history and participatory mapping with the inhabitants, the changes in food practices and their territorialities upon arrival of companies, the implications in their way of life, thus pointing out the difficulties and r-existences of the community.Keywords: foods overeignty, food practices, quilombola territoriality.
Stop signals delay synchrony more for finger tapping than vocalization: a dual modality study of rhythmic synchronization in the stop signal task
Authors: Castro-Meneses Leidy J. , Sowman Paul F. 
Published: July 2018

Background
A robust feature of sensorimotor synchronization (SMS) performance in finger tapping to an auditory pacing signal is the negative asynchrony of the tap with respect to the pacing signal. The Paillard–Fraisse hypothesis suggests that negative asynchrony is a result of inter-modal integration, in which the brain compares sensory information across two modalities (auditory and tactile). The current study compared the asynchronies of vocalizations and finger tapping in time to an auditory pacing signal. Our first hypothesis was that vocalizations have less negative asynchrony compared to finger tapping due to the requirement for sensory integration within only a single (auditory) modality (intra-modal integration). However, due to the different measurements for vocalizations and finger responses, interpreting the comparison between these two response modalities is problematic. To address this problem, we included stop signals in the synchronization task. The rationale for this manipulation was that stop signals would perturb synchronization more in the inter-modal compared to the intra-modal task. We hypothesized that the inclusion of stop signals induce proactive inhibition, which reduces negative asynchrony. We further hypothesized that any reduction in negative asynchrony occurs to a lesser degree for vocalization than for finger tapping.

Method
A total of 30 participants took part in this study. We compared SMS in a single sensory modality (vocalizations (or auditory) to auditory pacing signal) to a dual sensory modality (fingers (or tactile) to auditory pacing signal). The task was combined with a stop signal task in which stop signals were relevant in some blocks and irrelevant in others. Response-to-pacing signal asynchronies and stop signal reaction times were compared across modalities and across the two types of stop signal blocks.

Results
In the blocks where stopping was irrelevant, we found that vocalization (−61.47 ms) was more synchronous with the auditory pacing signal compared to finger tapping (−128.29 ms). In the blocks where stopping was relevant, stop signals induced proactive inhibition, shifting the response times later. However, proactive inhibition (26.11 ms) was less evident for vocalizations compared to finger tapping (58.06 ms).

Discussion
These results support the interpretation that relatively large negative asynchrony in finger tapping is a consequence of inter-modal integration, whereas smaller asynchrony is associated with intra-modal integration. This study also supports the interpretation that intra-modal integration is more sensitive to synchronization discrepancies compared to inter-modal integration.