bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diseño de un modelo de ventaja competitiva para los clubs de fútbol de Irán basado en la reputación de los equipos
Authors: Deheshti M. , Morteza Azimzadeh S. , Mirza Zadeh Z. S. , Alimohammadi H. 
Published: April 2019

El objetivo del presente estudio fue diseñar un modelo de ventaja competitiva para los clubs de fútbol iraníes basado en la reputación de los equipos. Para explorar los componentes del modelo, se realizaron dos rondas de Fuzzy Delphi por medio de un cuestionario semiabierto elaborado por el equipo investigador. Los resultados del análisis de datos de las dos rondas Fuzzy Delphi indicaron que, en opinión de los expertos, los componentes más importantes de la reputación del club eran las relaciones públicas (medios y relaciones sociales), la identidad e imagen de marca del club, el rendimiento, la tradición, la responsabilidad social, la orientación de los fans, la calidad de la gestión y la salud financiera del equipo o club de fútbol en cuestión. ventaja competitiva a través de la satisfacción de los aficionados. Además, la ventaja competitiva más importante basada en la reputación del equipo, según los expertos, incluye los componentes de eficiencia, receptividad, innovación, calidad y lealtad de los fans. El modelo también demostró que la reputación del club generará una ventaja competitiva a través de la satisfacción de los fans.
The objective of the present study was to design a competitive advantage model for Iranian football clubs based on teams’ reputation. In order to explore the components of the model, two rounds of Fuzzy Delphi staged by a half-open researcher-made questionnaire. The results of data analysis of two Fuzzy Delphi rounds indicated that, in the experts’ views, the most important components of club reputation were public relations (media and social relations), identity and brand image of the club, performance, tradition, social responsibility, fan orientation, quality of management and financial health of the team or football club. Furthermore, the most important competitive advantage based on team reputation in terms of experts includes the components of efficiency, responsiveness, innovation, quality and loyalty of fans. The model also demonstrated that the club reputation will lead to a competitive advantage through the fans’ satisfaction.
El pago por méritos en los derechos audiovisuales del fútbol español: ¿debemos primar el espectáculo (goles) o la clasificación?
Authors: Pinilla J. , Negrín M. A. , González-Martel C. 
Published: April 2019

En los últimos años el consumo de eventos futbolísticos a través de los medios audiovisuales está superando los mercados nacionales para globalizarse. La sostenibilidad económica de los clubes de fútbol depende cada vez más de la difusión masiva en medios audiovisuales y de su capacidad para mantenerse como un producto atractivo, competitivo y socialmente relevante. En la actualidad en muchas ligas europeas, entre ellas la española, el lugar que ocupa un equipo al final del campeonato repercute en los ingresos por televisión, en los cinco años siguientes, recibidos por la venta conjunta de los derechos de audiovisuales, es el conocido como pago por mérito. Sin embargo, la clasificación no tiene por qué estar relacionada con el espectáculo que ofrece un equipo en el campo, y por tanto con las posibilidades comerciales de sus partidos en países donde el fútbol está buscando su lugar como deporte espectáculo.
In recent years the consumption of football events through audiovisual media has transcend national borders to globalize. The economic sustainability of the football clubs increasingly depends on media diffusion and their capacity to remain as an attractive, competitive and socially relevant product. Currently, in many European football leagues, including the Spanish “La Liga”, the club’s final position within the league table has a direct impact on the next five years’ revenues from TV broadcasting as a result of the joint selling of football broadcasting rights. This is commonly known as merit payment. However, the league table position does not have to be related to the quality of the match or the level of entertainment offered by the football team in the field, and therefore with the commercial possibilities of their matches in countries where football is not yet conceived as a sport of entertainment.
Investigación de mercados de un instrumento de análisis articular: un caso práctico
Authors: Tortosa Tarancón A. 
Published: April 2019

El proceso de lanzamiento de nuevos productos debe estar basado en datos del mercado que permitan realizar una estrategia de entrada y comunicación que permita minimizar al máximo la incertidumbre. El objetivo del trabajo fue realizar una investigación de mercados para establecer una estrategia de ventas y comunicación adecuada para un instrumento de análisis del tobillo. Para ello se administró un cuestionario a 138 deportistas y 130 fisioterapeutas. Los resultados sugieren realizar una estrategia de comunicación centrada en un modelo push y una estrategia de ventas concentrada, sin necesidad de segmentación por disponibilidad de pago por el producto o edad. Por lo que podemos concluir que esta investigación de mercados tuvo el resultado esperado, y ayudó a crear estrategias de marketing centradas en el encaje producto-cliente.
The launch of new products process must be based on market data that let make an entrance and communication strategy that will make decrease uncertainty. The main objective of this market research is to establish a suitable sales and communication strategy for an ankle analysis instrument. To reach the objective, a questionnaire was administered to 138 athletes and 130 physiotherapist. The results support a communication strategy based in a push model and a focused sales model, without necessity of segmentation by pay availability or age. We can conclude that this market research had the result expected, and helped to the creation of the right marketing strategies focused on the product-market fit.
Evaluation of Heavy Metals in Gills, Bones and Muscles of Fishes from Crude Oil Polluted Water of Ogoniland, Rivers State, Nigeria
Authors: Ikue G. S. , Monanu M. O. , Nwachukwu N. 
Published: April 2019

This study was carried out to determine the concentrations of heavy metals (cadmium, chromium, zinc, manganese, lead and iron) in organs (gills, bone and muscle) of Iutjanus campechanus and Chrysichthys nigrodidatatus from Gokhana, and Khana local government areas in River State, Nigeria were investigated.
This heavy metals were determined using atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). The result show that Iron was significantly more abundant in the gills, bone and muscle tissue than other element with mean concentration of 144-144.58 mg/kg in the gills, 18.19-39.77 mg/kg in the bone and 5.47-21.50 mg/kg in the muscle of both catfish and red snapper in Kaa while in bodo-city the concentration varies from 189-238 mg/kg in the gills, 42.16-45.39 mg/kg in the bone and 11.74-43.84 mg/kg in the muscle of both fishes respectively. Maximum concentration of Zinc was recorded in gills from Bodo-city for both fishes and minimum value was recorded in the muscle of both fish species in Kaa. High level of chromium, manganese and lead were recorded in bone of both species while the least concentration of all elements was recorded in the muscle of catfish and red snapper. It was observed that the level of metals in all organs were high except for chromium in the muscle which was lower than the permissible limits for human consumption designated by the USEPA, WHO, FAO. The result revealed that the distribution of the heavy metals follow the order Fe>Zn>Mn>Pb>Cd>Cr for Chrysichthys nigrodidatatus and Fe>Zn>Pb>Mn>Cd>Cr for Iutjanus campechanus while the distribution in the organs follow the other Gills>bone>muscle for both fish spices in Kaa and Bodo-City respectively. This reveal the health effect the people in the study area could be exposed to by the consumption of the muscle of catfish and red snapper which have high levels of these metals. Measures need to be taken as the level of Heavy metals detected in organs from the two site posed serious threat to the populace that feed on them.
Agro-morphological Variation in 71 Traditional Rice Cultivars in Sri Lanka
Authors: Ranawake A. L. , Hewage M. J. , Pradeepika N. G. J. , Jayasinghe G. W. D. K. 
Published: April 2019

Traditional rice cultivars in Sri Lanka have diverse characteristics that prove the excellent potential for utilizing them for varietal improvement. Seventy-one Sri Lankan traditional rice cultivars obtained from Plant Genetic Resources Center, Gannoruwa, Sri Lanka were used for diversity analysis. Data were collected in the middle-row-plants of each replicate and altogether 80 plants were evaluated in four replicates of each cultivar. Data were collected on 11 parameters in two consecutive Maha seasons in 2012-2014. According to the standard evaluation system of international rice research institute, 67% rice cultivars were tall, and 66% were low tillering. There was no any rice cultivar with high and good reproductive tillers/plant. Around 55% rice cultivars were partially sterile and 43% were fertile. The shortest days to maturity was recorded in Gonabaru (62 days) and the longest days to maturity was recorded in Vellainellu (105 days).
The variation of agro-morphological characteristics was broad in studied rice cultivars: The recorded highest yield was 22.74 g/plant while the lowest was 1.55 g/plant. The hundred-grain-weight ranged from 3.49-1.27 g and the plant height ranged from 95-192 cm. The recorded highest number of total tillers per plant was 10 and the lowest was 3. Panicle length and panicle weight were ranged from 13-32 cm and 0.36-4.69 g consecutively. The smallest grains were in Herath and the largest grains were in Mudaliwi. The heaviest above ground biomass was achieved by Kallurundoivellai and its harvest index was the least (0.09). The highest filled grain percentage (91.48%) was recorded by Galpa Wee.
The correlation analysis revealed that the yield per plant was significantly correlated with panicle weight, the total number of spikelets/panicle and number of fertile spikelets/panicle. There was no correlation between panicle length and the final yield of rice though panicle length was correlated with plant height and panicle weight. Total number of spikelets/panicle, the number of fertile spikelets/panicle, and plant height were significantly correlated with panicle weight. None of the parameters were correlated with hundred grain weight. Total biomass was correlated with plant height, the total number of spikelets, and fertile spikelets per panicle. There was no significant correlation between the biomass of rice with the final yield, however, a number of fertile tillers were correlated with a number of total tillers.
Eleven parameters were sorted into four principal components that explained 87.44% of total variance and cluster analysis categorized the rice cultivars into six clusters at rescaled cluster distance 10 in Ward's linkage analysis.
Bordetella pertussis: Vaccine Coverage and Immune Status among Children Under Five Years Old in Sana’a City, Yemen
Authors: Al-Shamahy Hassan A. , Mahuob Al-Wafi Hana Hassan 
Published: April 2019

Aims: This study was made to evaluate the immune response to pertussis among children under five years old by measuring the level of circulating Immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies against pertussis toxin (IgG-PT) after immunization with the primary series of DPT (DPT1-3) and then determining the coverage rates of universal childhood vaccines.
Study Design: Cross-sectional laboratory study.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Medical Microbiology and Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sana’a University, between June and October 2010.
Methodology: A total of 345 children were randomly selected and investigated for universal childhood vaccination coverage rates; of these, 273 children who had received 3 full doses of DPT were studied for their pertussis immunological status. Blood samples were collected from the latter group and then tested for levels of IgG-PT by ELISA method. For assessment IgG-PT levels more than 24 units/ml were considered protected against pertussis. Data were analyzed according to gender and age groups.
Results: The coverage rate of pertussis vaccine was 79.1%; only 71.4% of vaccinated children responded to the vaccine with mean level of 33 U/ml. A statistically significant difference was observed with respect to sero-protective IgG-PT between males and females (63.8% and 84.8% respectively, with χ2 =15, p=0.0001). Also, a statistically significant difference was observed with respect to sero-protective IgG-PT in different age groups, with older children (>48 months) having a higher rate of antibodies than younger (13-24 months) (90% and 59.1% respectively, with χ2 =3.87, p=.04).
Conclusion: We conclude that a considerable proportion of vaccinated children with a normal immune status were not serologically immune to pertussis. They remain to be reconsidered for either revaccination or booster doses due to lack of or inadequate response. Also, the rates of vaccine coverage for the main universal childhood vaccines are low.
Application of Radar Imagery to Tectonic, Structural and Geological Studies in Afikpo Basin, Southeastern Benue Trough, Nigeria
Authors: Odigi Minapuye Isaac , Momta Prince Suka 
Published: April 2019

Radar imagery was used to identify geological features and the production of geological maps of the Afikpo basin. The essence of this study was to delineate significant geological and geomorphological features that have not been imaged by the traditional ground field mapping. The application of Radar imagery technique will be relevant to the discovery of subsurface structures that will aid the accumulation or concentration of certain economic minerals or natural resources. It will enhance the identification of significant geological information such as lineaments, geologic structures, drainages, etc, that will serve as a guide to the actual ground field work investigation. Results from radar imageries revealed drainage pattern, major geomorphological units, mega lithostratigraphic units, lineaments and structures. The geology of Afikpo basin consist of Cretaceous, Tertiary and Quaternary rocks are recognizable; the highly deformed Cretaceous rocks are characterized by regional lineaments. Some of the rivers are aligned along the regional lineaments. The NW-SE and NE-SW lineaments truncate one another, suggesting different ages for the lineament groups. A few sinistral tensional movements occur in the eastern sector of the basin. The major folds in the Afikpo basin have NE-SW and NW-SE trends, and occur as anticlines and synclines. The basement structuring and basin framework suggest a tectonic setting in the southeastern Benue Trough resulting from the Early Cretaceous opening of the South Atlantic Ocean and interpolate movement in Africa. From the evidence currently available we may conclude that the post Santonian Afikpo basin falls within the transtenstional basin categories associated with transform faults. The regional tectonics interpreted from the radar imageries are likely hydrocarbon related structural features.
Programmable Therapeutic Nanodevices with Circular Amplification of H2O2 in the Tumor Microenvironment for Synergistic Cancer Therapy
Authors: Li Jiong , Wei Zuwu , Lin Xinyi , Zheng Dongye , Wu Ming , Liu Xiaolong , Liu Jingfeng 
Published: April 2019

AbstractTumor microenvironment activated nanodevices have remarkable superiority to enhance therapeutic efficacy and minimize side effects, but their practical applications are dramatically reduced by the low abundance and heterogeneous distribution of specific stimuli at the tumor site. Herein, programmable vesicular nanodevices based on the triblock copolymer containing poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and poly(caprolactone) (PCL) with peroxalate esters (PO) as hydrogen peroxide‐responsive linkage (PEG‐PO‐PCL‐PO‐PEG), are developed for co‐delivery of hypoxia‐activated prodrug (AQ4N) and glucose oxidase (GOD). The obtained nanodevices (PAG) can be activated by the high level of H2O2 in tumor microenvironment to improve the permeability of membranes for glucose entrance. Afterward, the oxidation of glucose catalyzed by GOD produces amplified H2O2 amounts which in turn induce complete destruction of PAG for fast release of AQ4N and GOD. Ultimately, the PAG can exert programmable therapeutic effects from the following aspects: 1) starvation therapy by cutting off the energy supply from glucose through GOD catalysis; 2) oxidative cytotoxicity after H2O2 amplification; 3) chemotherapy of AQ4N activated by the intensified tumor hypoxia microenvironment after oxygen consumption. The stimuli amplification, controlled drug release, synergistic therapy, and corresponding mechanisms of PAG are demonstrated. Therefore, the presented work could provide significant new insights for cancer treatment.
Solution‐Free UV‐Based Direct Surface Modification of Oxide Films for Self‐Patterned Metal‐Oxide Thin‐Film Transistors
Authors: Lee Woobin , Choi Seungbeom , Kim Jaeyoung , Park Sung Kyu , Kim Yong‐Hoon 
Published: April 2019

AbstractIn thin‐film device fabrication, particularly using a solution process, self‐patterning is effective in reducing the fabrication steps by eliminating the conventional photolithography process. Here, solution‐free ultraviolet (UV)‐based direct surface modification is introduced for self‐patterning of solution‐processed oxide semiconductors. The direct surface modification is carried out by selectively irradiating UV light on a SiO2 film, creating regions with different surface energies. This surface energy difference induces different wetting behaviors of spin‐coated indium‐gallium‐zinc‐oxide (IGZO) precursor film, enabling the direct self‐patterning. By optimizing the surface modification conditions and the channel design, self‐patterned IGZO thin‐film transistors (TFTs) are successfully fabricated. The self‐patterned IGZO TFTs exhibit low off‐state current (<10−12 A), high on/off ratio (≈108), and low gate‐leakage level without using any channel etching process. The results show that the direct surface modification can be a good candidate for realizing self‐patterned IGZO TFTs.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Cycloisomerization of (Z)‐1‐Iodo‐1,6‐dienes to 3‐Aza‐bicyclo[4.1.0]hept‐2‐enes
Authors: Chi Xiaochen , Meng Long , Sun Xi , Liu Qing , Ai Bing , Chen Lei , Zhang Daopeng , Zhao Pingping , Dong Yunhui , Liu Hui 
Published: April 2019

AbstractA Pd‐catalyzed cycloisomerization of (Z)‐1‐iodo‐1,6‐dienes was developed to construct 3‐aza‐bicyclo[4.1.0]hept‐2‐enes bearing substitutions at C1/C5. A wide array of (Z)‐1‐iodo‐1,6‐dienes could be converted to the desired compounds efficiently. On the basis of mechanistic studies, two pathways were proposed, in which compound alkyl iodide derivatives formed by reductive elimination of Csp3−Pd−I was proved to be a possible intermediate.
Desymmetrization‐Initiated Stereocontrolled Synthesis of (−)‐Kaitocephalin
Authors: Lee Wonchul 
Published: April 2019

AbstractA total synthesis of (−)‐kaitocephalin (1), the first naturally isolated glutamate receptor antagonist, is described. The key steps involved the enantioselective desymmetrization of the N‐Cbz‐protected seriol 42 to install the C4 quaternary chiral center and the intramolecular mercury(II)‐mediated N‐cyclization of (Z)‐alkene 44 followed by reductive demercuration to construct the pyrrolidine ring. As proposed, the quaternary asymmetric carbon induced the stereoselective epoxidation as well as the regioselective epoxide opening to generate the C2 and C3 stereocenters.
Thionoesters as 1,2‐Dipolarophiles for [4+2] Cycloaddition with Cyclobutanones
Authors: Matsumoto Yohei , Tsuji Taro , Nakatake Daiki , Yazaki Ryo , Ohshima Takashi 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe utility of thionoester as a 1,2‐dipolarophile for [4+2] cycloaddition with cyclobutanones is described. The [4+2] cycloaddition reaction provided tetrahydrothiopyran, which is found in biologically active natural products, in high yield with high diastereoselectivity by using readily available TiCl4. This synthetic method was applicable to a wide range of thionoesters and cyclobutanones. The ketone and S,O‐ketal functionalities of the product could be reduced with excellent diastereoselectivity. Furthermore, the C−O bond was transformed into a C−C bond, affording contiguous tetrasubstituted carbon centers.
Catalytic (3+2) Palladium‐Aminoallyl Cycloaddition with Conjugated Dienes
Authors: Trost Barry M. , Huang Zhongxing 
Published: April 2019

AbstractWe describe the design and application of tailored aminoallyl precursors for catalytic (3+2) cycloaddition with conjugated dienes via a Pd‐aminoallyl intermediate. The new cycloaddition reactions override the conventional (4+3) selectivity of aminoallyl cation cycloaddition through a sequence of Pd‐allyl transfer and ring closure. A variety of highly substituted or fused pyrrolidine rings were synthesized using the cycloaddition, and can further undergo [1,3] N‐to‐C rearrangement to five‐membered carbocycles with a different palladium catalyst. The utility of the (3+2) cycloaddition is also demonstrated by the preparation of various derivatives from the bicyclic pyrrolidine products.
Synthesis of Tri‐ and Difluoromethoxylated Compounds by Visible‐Light Photoredox Catalysis
Authors: Lee Johnny W. , Lee Katarzyna N. , Ngai Ming‐Yu 
Published: April 2019

AbstractTrifluoromethoxy (OCF3) and difluoromethoxy (OCF2H) groups are fluorinated structural motifs that exhibit unique physicochemical characteristics. Incorporation of these substituents into organic molecules is a highly desirable approach used in medicinal chemistry and drug discovery processes to alter the properties of a parent compound. Recently, tri‐ and difluoromethyl ethers have received increasing attention and several innovative strategies to access these valuable functional groups have been developed. The focus of this Minireview is the use of visible‐light photoredox catalysis in the synthesis of tri‐ and difluoromethyl ethers. Recent photocatalytic strategies for the formation of O−CF3, C−OCF3, O−CF2H, and C−OCF2H bonds as well as other transformations leading to the construction of ORF groups are discussed herein.
Formiat‐Oxidase (FOx) aus Aspergillus oryzae: ein Katalysator für verschiedene H2O2‐abhängige biokatalytische Oxidationen
Authors: Tieves Florian , Willot Sébastien Jean‐Paul , van Schie Morten Martinus Cornelis Harald , Rauch Marine Charlène Renée , Younes Sabry Hamdy Hamed , Zhang Wuyuan , Dong JiaJia , Gomez de Santos Patricia , Robbins John Mick , Bommarius Bettina , Alcalde Miguel , Bommarius Andreas Sebastian , Hollmann Frank 
Published: April 2019

AbstractEin Vielzahl biokatalytischer Oxidationsreaktionen verwendet H2O2 als Oxidationsmittel. Oftmals erfordert allerdings die geringe Stabilität von Enzymen die Verwendung eines effizienten In‐situ‐H2O2‐Generierungssystems. In Anlehnung an die für NADH‐abhängige Reaktionen weit verbreitete Formiat‐Dehydrogenase schlagen wir hier die Verwendung einer Formiat‐Oxidase (FOx) vor, um H2O2‐abhängige enzymatische Oxidationen anzutreiben. Bereits unter nicht‐optimierten Bedingungen wurden sehr vielversprechende Katalysatorwechselzahlen bei der Kopplung von FOx mit Peroxygenasen erzielt.