bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EFFECT OF DITHIOPYR, SEED PLACEMENT. AND SOIL ORGANIC MATTER CONTENT ON GROWTH OF TOLERANT AND SUSCEPTIBLE WEEDS
Authors: Setyowati Nanik , Weston Leslie A. 
Published: February 2019

Dithiopyr (Dimension, Monsanto) is a turfgrass herbicide currently under evaluation for use in ornamentals. Granular herbicide depth and seed placement were evaluated in greenhouse studies with tolerant or susceptible weeds. Dithiopyr was applied preemergence to weeds at the rate of 2.24 kg/ha to Maury silt loam soil. Weed seeds were planted routinely at 0.64 cm depth. Dithiopyr placed at the soil surface or 0.64 cm in depth caused the greatest injury to seedlings, followed by dithiopyr at 1.28 cm depth. Dithiopyr at 2.54 and 3.81 cm below the surface had no effect upon seedling growth. When seeding depth was investigated, seed placed at 0.64, 1.28 or 1.91 cm below the surface showed greatest seedling injury when dithiopyr was routinely applied at 0.64 cm depth. Seed placement on the soil surface resulted in the least injury to weeds.
Peat moss was added to Maury silt loam soil and to sand to investigate the influence of organic matter upon activity. Soil with 2% peat resulted in the least injury to selected weed seedlings while sand, and sand plus up to 3% peat showed greatest injury. Sand amended with 5 and 6% peat also resulted in less injury to weed seedlings. Ivy leaf morningglory and KY 31 fescue were most tolerant of dithiopyr while barnyardgrass and large crabgrass were most sensitive. Dithiopyr uptake, translocation and metabolism studies will be conducted with susceptible and tolerant weed and woody ornamental species.
LEAF EMERGENCE, PHYSIOLOGICAL AND PHOTOSYNTHETIC CHARACTERISTICS IN FRUITED AND DEFLOWERED STRAWBERRY
Authors: Chen Chuhe , Cameron J. Scott , Klauer Stephen F. , Foote Paul W. 
Published: February 2019

After anthesis, date of leaf emergence was recorded in fruited plants (F) and deflowered plants (DF) of `Totem' strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa), which were grown in a randomized block design with four blocks in a greenhouse. Two different regression models were fitted to describe leaf emergence rate (LER) after anthesis for F and DF (R2 = 0.826 and 0.916, respectively). The LER of F decreased during the fruit development, and accelerated and exceeded DF after fruit maturity, then both dropped when the growth season was ending.
Physiological and photosynthetic characteristics were measured on leaves from F and DF at green fruit, red fruit, and after fruit maturity stages. Newly expanded leaves had significantly higher gas exchange rates, specific leaf weight, chlorophyll a and b contents but lower a/b ratio than the older leaves both during and after fruit development. They also had higher amplitudes of Ca 693 but lower peaks at Ca 684 and Cb 649 in their fourth-derivative chlorophyll spectra. Leaf chlorophyll a content and CO2 assimilation rate decreased after fruit maturity. Plants at red fruit stage had higher chlorophyll b content than at green fruit and after fruit maturity stages.
The LERs of the second and third leaves emerged after anthesis were most seriously affected by fruit development. They showed greater photosynthetic activity than other leaves in the canopy during fruit development and were thus important to fruit yield.
STUDYING THE CAUSE AND CURE OF `ROME BEAUTY' APPLE RUSSETTING
Authors: Fallahi Esmaeil , Mohan S. Krishna , Simons Brenda R. 
Published: February 2019

Effects of several growth regulators and mineral nutrient sprays on `Rome Beauty' apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) russetting under climatic conditions of southwest Idaho were studied in the 1990 and 1991 growing seasons. Zinc (Zn-50), Calcium as a 12% liquid nutrient (Stopit-6), and fungicide (Polyram) sprays slightly increased, while GA (Provide) decreased fruit russetting.
In 1991, GA and repeated Semperfresh (sucrose ester, carboxymethyl cellulose and mono and diglycerides) applications reduced russetting while Bayleton application increased russetting. Russetting varied from year to year. In 1991, a season of severe fruit russetting, trees which received a fungicide treatment for powdery mildew had generally higher incidence of fruit russetting regardless of treatments. It is believed that interaction between relative humidity, temperature, and systemic sprays used for powdery mildew control contribute to `Rome Beauty' russetting.
SELECTION OF POTATO SOMACLONAL VARIANTS WITH BLACKSPOT BRUISE RESISTANCE AND FRYING POTENTIAL AFTER COLD STORAGE.
Authors: Love Stephen L. , Thompson-Johns Asunta , Baker Timothy P. 
Published: February 2019

Eight hundred and fifty-three clones of Russet Burbank and 1012 clones of Lemhi Russet were obtained from Native Plants, Inc. in 1988. The clones were produced via a tissue culture system designed to produce somoclonal variants. Four cycles of selection were completed from 1988-1991. Selection was based on resistance to blackspot bruise, a tuber flesh discoloration caused by condensation of free tyrosine; or the ability to produce light french fry color following cold storage. At the end of the four selection cycles all but six Russet Burbank clones and seven Lemhi Russet clones were eliminated. ANOVA across years was completed for the eleven somaclonal variants and Russet Burbank and Lemhi Russet checks.
Of the Russet Burbank clones, three were significantly (p = .05) more resistant to blackspot bruise and one had significantly better fry color after cold storage. All four clones had significantly reduced yield in comparison to the check clones. Of the Lemhi Russet clones, three were significantly more resistant to blackspot bruise, and four had significantly better fry color than the check clone. Only one of the seven clones (one with superior fry color designated L1908) did not show a significantly lower yield potential.
THE EFFECT OF ALTERING THE N:S RATIO ON CONSUMER ACCEPTANCE OF LEAF LETTUCE
Authors: McCluskey Melinda McVey , Paparozzi Ellen T. , Cuppett Susan L. 
Published: February 2019

Previous research on leaf lettuce has shown that altering the N:S ratio has an effect on plant color and N and S content. It appears that nitrogen rates can be decreased if known rates of sulfur are applied. The next step was to determine what effect altering the N:S ratio in lettuce had on consumer acceptance of the product.
`Grand Rapids' lettuce was grown hydroponically at six rates of S (0, 7.5, 15, 30, 60, 120 ppm) and four rates of N (30, 60, 120, 240 ppm). Sensory evaluation was performed on 20 of 24 treatments. The sensory panel was composed of 12 panelists who used the nonstructured hedonic scale to evaluate each lettuce treatment on appearance, color, texture, flavor, bitter flavor, and overall acceptability.
Results from the sensory evaluation indicate that differences in color, appearance, and bitter flavor were detected between treatments by the panel. Lettuce plants that received higher amounts of N in relation to S were considered less bitter in flavor and, over all, more acceptable than plants which received higher amounts of S in relation to N. These results indicate that altering the N:S ratio will affect consumer acceptance of leaf lettuce.
FERTILIZER RESPONSIVENESS OF `WOODARD' IN RABBITEYE BLUEBERRY
Authors: Tamada T. 
Published: February 2019

The fertilizer responsiveness to macronutrients of `Woodard' was investigated to obtain the data for the recommended rate of fertilizer application in a rabbiteye blueberry.
One-year-old rooted cuttings of 'Woodard was grown under water culture in 1991. The plot was consisted of 13, a control (application rate: N-28, P-30, K-40, Ca-40, Mg-24 ppm) and 12 high volume application plots of macronutrients (applicated 5 times that of the control).
The growth (dry mater per bush) was most superior in the N+Mg plot, most inferior in the N+Ca, the other plots was medium. As compared with the control, the growth of N+Mg, P+K, P+Ca, P+Mg, K+Ca, K+Ca+Mg and Ca+Mg plots was better than the control, and the growth of N+K, N+P+K and K+Mg plots was below. The concentration of macroelements in leaves of the control plot was low among all of. In each plots of high volume application of macronutrients, the concentration of the macroelements in leaves with some exceptions, became high, and the interaction between nutrient elements was confirmed. The difference of the growth of `Woodard' was considerd to be caused not only by the excess of some macroelements but also the imbalance of certain elements in the leaf and root.
`Italico' and `Mediterraneo': Two Seiridium cardinale Canker-Resistant Cypress Cultivars of Cupressus sempervirens
Authors: Danti R. , Panconesi A. , Di Lonardo V. , Rocca G. Della , Raddi P. 
Published: February 2019

Common cypress (Cupressus sempervirens L.) is an integral feature of the landscape of many Mediterranean regions (particularly in Tuscany). Furthermore, common cypress has multiple uses as ornament, timber, windbreaks, recovery of deteriorated soils, protection of slopes and the production of essential oils. During the last three decades, Seiridum cardinale canker of cypress has caused severe losses in woods, windbreaks and ornamental plantings in the Mediterranean area, significantly limiting the use and cultivation of this tree.
In this paper we describe `Italico' and `Mediterraneo', two C. sempervirens varieties which were patented in 2004 for their resistance to cypress canker. Both varieties are particularly suitable for ornamental purposes because of their fastigiated columnar habit and the low production of male flowers and cones. `Italico' and `Mediterraneo' represent the recent result of the breeding programme on cypress, in progress since the 1970s. This program aims at: 1) obtaining a high number of canker-resistant cypress clones and multi-clonal varieties to be used for ornamental plantings and windbreaks and 2) finding mother trees for the production of improved seed for reforestation purposes.
Rising Plate Meter Calibrations for Forage Mass of Wheat and Rye
Authors: Cho Whoi , Brorsen B. Wade , Biermacher Jon T. , Rogers James K. 
Published: February 2019

Core Ideas
The rising plate meter was useful in predicting forage mass.
A quadratic functional form is favored for predicting forage mass using the rising plate meter.
Relationships differed by species, season, and tillage
Estimating forage availability is important in optimizing livestock stocking rates. The rising plate meter was developed to estimate forage availability. It needs a calibration equation to convert its measurement to a prediction of forage mass, and predictions can vary across crops, seasons, and locations. Our research objective was to derive new calibration equations for wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and rye (Secale cereale L.). Most past literature used a linear model, but recent literature has suggested that using a quadratic model without an intercept could improve predictions. A non‐nested test was used to test among these two non‐nested models for wheat and rye calibration equations. The results favored the more encompassing model of a quadratic with an intercept; however, with wheat the quadratic with no intercept was not rejected. A pooling test indicated different equations were needed for species, seasonality (winter and non‐winter), and tillage type (tilled or no‐till).
Ta’wil: in Practices of Light
Authors: Mirza Narjis 
Published: February 2019

This research is situated within an Islamic philosophical paradigm, with a series of experiments in studio art practice. In my investigation of Mulla Sadrā’s theory of systematic intensification, I was led towards Ta’wil, a unique method of interpretation, that is primarily used for interpreting the verses of the Quran. I extract this traditional Quranic method of interpretation, Ta’wil and translate it into a visual and collective dialogue, for a practice-oriented research. Keeping in view the traditional association of the method of Ta’wil towards the Quran, I suggest there is evidence that Ta’wil is a method that can be practised outside the interpretation of the text. It is a unique method of interpretation that performs in both physical and metaphysical worlds. Ta’wil is both a noun, as an object or happening in the physical, and a process of carrying a perceptible image (for example text of the Quran) towards higher and deeper understandings. I start my writing with a brief overview of my research area, moving towards Ta’wil in creative art practice.
Numerical and experimental investigation for the effect of permeability of spur dikes on local scour
Authors: Ezzeldin Riham Mohsen 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
The effect of using permeable spur dikes on the produced maximum scour depth compared to that of solid spur dikes is numerically investigated. The numerical model used for such purpose is the Nays-2DH model of the International River Interface Cooperative (iRIC) software package for bed and bank erosion. The model results are verified using the experimental data collected in this study by conducting experiments on five different models of spur dikes having different opening ratios. Using the statistical performance indices, the root mean square error and the coefficient of determination, the results showed an acceptable agreement between the numerical model results for the relative maximum scour depth defined by the ratio of the maximum scour depth to the flow depth and their corresponding observed values. A new empirical equation using nonlinear regression is developed using the experimental data collected in this study and tested with another existing empirical equation available in the literature for their accuracy in determining the relative maximum scour depth.
Use of chemically activated termite feces a low-cost adsorbent for the adsorption of norfloxacin from aqueous solution
Authors: Chahm Tamiris , de Souza Larissa Fátima , dos Santos Nathalia Ramos , da Silva Bruna Aparecida , Rodrigues Clovis Antonio 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Antibiotics, as emerging contaminants, are of global concern due to the development of antibiotic resistant microorganisms. Current wastewater treatment technology cannot efficiently remove sewage antibiotics and therefore new low-cost technologies are needed. Adsorption is a widely used process for removal of substances, and the search for efficient, low-cost adsorbents is ongoing. In this work, termite feces treated with H2SO4 (FT/H2SO4) were used as a low-cost adsorbent for removal of norfloxacin (NOR) present in aqueous medium. Termite feces were treated with H2SO4 at a ratio of 1:1 for 24 h, at 100 °C. The parameters contact time, initial NOR concentration, medium pH and temperature were evaluated. The optimum adsorption pH was 8.0. The pseudo-second-order model was found to best represent the kinetics of NOR adsorption. The maximum adsorption capacity, calculated from the Sips isotherm model, was 104.4 mg/g at 55 °C. The positive values of ΔH0 (change in enthalpy) confirm the endothermic nature of the adsorption. The results show that FT/H2SO4 is an efficient adsorbent for removal of NOR present in aqueous medium. The adsorption capacity is higher than those reported in the literature for other low-cost adsorbents.
Compreensão e planejamento do ensino de ortografia por professores do 2º ciclo do ensino fundamental
Authors: Da Nobrega Lays Candido de Barros Andrade , Pessoa Ana Claudia Rodrigues Gonçalves , Melo Jessica Albuquerque de 
Published: February 2019

O objetivo desse estudo é o de identificar o modo que os professores do 2º ciclo do Ensino Fundamental compreendem e constroem metas para o ensino da ortografia, enfocando, especificamente, o trabalho com as relações letra-som da Norma Ortográfica da Língua Portuguesa. Tomamos como referência a classificação da ortografia elaborada por Morais (1998). Segundo esse autor a Norma Ortográfica apresenta regularidades (diretas, contextuais e morfológicas) e irregularidades em sua relação letra-som. Participaram dessa pesquisa 20 professores do 2º Ciclo de dois municípios da região metropolitana do Recife, sendo 10 professores de cada município (5 professores do 4º ano e 5 professores do 5º ano, de cada município). A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de entrevistas. Os resultados apontaram que os professores, em sua maioria, não apresentavam metas claras para o trabalho com a ortografia o que refletia na falta de um planejamento adequado para cada ano de ensino.
Current and Future Pharmacologic Therapies for Diabetic Retinopathy
Authors: Villegas Victor M. , Schwartz Stephen G. 
Published: February 2019

Background:Currently, diabetic retinopathy is the leading cause of permanent visual loss in workingage adults in industrialized nations. The chronic microangiopathic changes associated with diabetic retinopathy lead to the most common causes of severe permanent visual loss: diabetic macular edema (DME) and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). Multiple studies have evaluated different pharmacotherapies for different levels of retinopathy.Methods:A review of the pathophysiology of diabetic retinopathy and current and emerging pharmacotherapies for diabetic retinopathy.Results:Historically, DME has been the primary focus of treatment in patients with nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR). Due to the rapidly increasing number of agents and treatment options, management algorithms for DME have become increasingly complex. Furthermore, spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) has allowed unparalleled sensitivity and specificity for detecting macular edema. All available intravitreal vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitors have demonstrated efficacy in the treatment of patients with DME and PDR. Intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide has also proven beneficial in diabetic retinopathy. Most recently, various corticosteroids have been designed as sustained-release intraocular implants in order to reduce the burden and risks associated with retreatment. Current research is focused on providing new agents that target alternate pathways and signaling molecules to provide patients with additional therapeutic tools, especially in patients who have an incomplete response to the current medications.Conclusion:Anti-VEGF therapy has revolutionized the medical management of diabetic retinopathy. The most important existing challenges in the treatment of diabetic retinopathy are improving visual outcomes and decreasing the treatment burden associated with repeated intravitreal injections. Combination therapy with anti-VEGF and corticosteroids with other previously available treatments, such as panretinal photocoagulation, may be a reasonable clinical strategy to reduce the intravitreal injections burden. Many exciting novel drugs that target newly discovered pathways hold clinical promise. The results of ongoing randomized clinical trials will answer the important concerns surrounding new drugs and delivery devices: safety and visual outcomes.
Advances in Chiral Separations at Nano Level
Authors: Basheer Al Arsh , Hussain Iqbal , Scotti Marcus T. , Scotti Luciana , Ali Imran 
Published: February 2019

Background::Nano level chiral separation is necessary and demanding in the development of the drug, genomic, proteomic, and other chemical and the environmental sciences. Few drugs exist in human body cells for some days at nano level concentrations, that are out of the jurisdiction of the detection by standard separation techniques. Likewise, the separation and identification of xenobiotics and other environmental contaminants (at nano or low levels) are necessary for our healthiness.Discussion:Conclusion:This article will be beneficial for chiral chromatographers, academicians, pharmaceutical industries, environmental researchers and Government regulation authorities.
Development of a Comprehensive Matlab/Simulink Based Model for High-Efficiency 2nd Generation Photovoltaic (PV) Modules
Authors: Shaikh Muhammad Naveed , Zafar Qayyum , Papadakis Antonis 
Published: February 2019

Background:The accurate energy yield prediction of a PV system under various environmental conditions is important for designing a high-performance PV system.Objective:The robust and cost-effective digital simulation studies on PV systems have the advantage in comparison to studies based on measurements because they provide the opportunity for sensitivity analysis on various design parameters of the PV system.Methods:Herein, we present the development and implementation of a generalized photovoltaic computational model using Matlab/Simulink software package. The model is based on the equivalent diode circuit approach. It is designed to simulate two ubiquitous and high performing 2nd generation photovoltaic (PV) modules constructed with Cadmium Telluride (CdTe) and Copper Indium Gallium di-Selenide (CIGS) photoactive thin films, respectively. The values of key input parameters to the simulator, i.e., parallel resistor (Rp) and series resistor (Rs) have been computed by an efficient Newton-Raphson iteration method.Results:The output current-voltage (I-V) and power-voltage (P-V) characteristic curves of the aforementioned PV modules have been simulated by taking two input variables (ambient irradiance and temperature) into consideration. The electrical performance of both PV modules under various environmental conditions have been mathematically investigated by the solution of classical non-linear equations.Conclusion:The developed PV model has been validated with the experimental results obtained from standard PV module datasheets provided by manufacturers. The relative error between the simulated and experimental values of various photovoltaic parameters for CdTe and CIGS PV modules at Standard Test Conditions (STC) has been observed to be below 3%.
Drug Rash with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS) Syndrome Induced by Imatinib
Authors: Zgolli F. , Aouinti I. , Charfi O. , Badri T. , Elaidli S. , Kastalli S. , Lakhoua G. , Zaïem A. 
Published: February 2019

Introduction: Imatinib is the treatment of choice in patients with locally advanced or metastatic
gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GIST). Clinical tolerance of imatinib is excellent except for the
common adverse drug reaction (ADR). Drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS
syndrome) is a severe, potentially life-threatening drug-induced hypersensitivity reaction, characterized
by cutaneous eruptions, fever, diffuse lymphadenopathy, along with eosinophilia, and elevated
liver function tests. This ADR is rarely reported with imatinib. Only four cases of DRESS syndrome
associated with imatinib have already been published.

Case Report:We report an exceptional case of DRESS syndrome associated with imatinib in a 46
year-old woman with GIST. Two weeks after she had started imatinib therapy, she developed a skin
rash, with eosinophilia and elevated liver tests. Plasma level of imatinib was within the therapeutic
range. Imatinib was immediately discontinued. A favourable outcome was slowly observed after the
drug had been stopped.

Results and Conclusion: This case was scored three according to the European Registry of Severe Cutaneous
Adverse Reactions Study Group (RegiSCAR). The Naranjo score for imatinib was five (probable).
Off-pump Techniques of Surgical Myocardial Revascularization
Authors: Dato Guglielmo Actis , Picichè Marco 
Published: February 2019

Background:Before the advent of CABG, standardized in the late '60s by Favaloro and Effler, patients with myocardial ischemia underwent indirect and heterogeneous off-pump methods of myocardial revascularization.Methods & Results:Indirect revascularization, such as periaortic nerve plexus interruption, Vineberg operation, Sen procedure and, less remotely, TMR Laser and stem cell transplantation, represented some of the ways to achieve myocardial revascularization. Nowadays, direct coronary revascularization is the only established technique and may be performed either on-pump or off-pump.Conclusion:The comparison of off-pump and on-pump myocardial revascularization paved the way to an endless debate between the advantages and disadvantages of each technique. In this article, we review the old and current off-pump approaches of surgical myocardial revascularization.