bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Additional Freeze Drying Fig Fruit (Ficus Carica L) Filtrate into Tris Egg Yolk Extender and Its Effect on Sperm Membrane Integrity and Acrosome of Kacang Buck
Authors: Zaenuri Lalu Ahmad , Lukman Lukman , Yanuarianto Oscar , Sumadiasa I Wayan Lanus , Rodiah Rodiah 
Published: October 2019

A study was designed to determine Kacang buck sperm membrane integrity and acrosome reaction as to the effect of different concentration of freeze drying fig fruit filtrate in tris egg yolk based extender. This study used 5 proven fertility Kacang goats aged 3-4 years, maintained by Faculty of Animal Sciences, Mataram University, Indonesia. Semen was collected by artificial vagina at every five days. The collected semen was divided into four aliquots in accordance to the treatments extender such as Control (0 gr), T1 (0.02 gr), T2 (0.04 gr) and T3 (0.06 gr) freeze drying fig fruit filtrate in tris egg yolk based extender (gr/v), respectively. Plasma membrane integrity and intact acrosome after re-concentration and preserved at 5ºC were assessed visually at 0 and every 24 hours for 5 consecutive days. The statistical significance of the result was evaluated by a one way ANOVA for completely randomized design analysis of variance. Data were presented as Mean±SD. Results suggest that the mean percentages of sperm membrane integrity in T0, T1,T2 and T3 at 96 h post extended and preserve at 5ºC were 34.3±5.3, 40.6±4.7, 44.8±5.4 and 42.1±5,1, respectively. The mean percentages of sperm acrosome intact were 16.4±4.8, 18.5±1.9, 21.6±3.1 and 19.6±2.8, respectively. The results of the study suggested that additional 0.04gr freeze drying fig fruit filtrate into tris egg yolk based extender have a significant preservation effect on both spermatozoa membrane integrity and acrosome intact of kacang buck.
Retos de futuro en la gestión de los recursos humanos públicos en Brasil y España
Authors: Nebot Carmen Pineda 
Published: October 2019

O objetivo deste trabalho é conhecer os desafios futuros que os países enfrentam na gestão de recursos humanos públicos, com base na experiência espanhola. As atuais políticas públicas cada vez mais complexas, interligadas, voláteis e fragmentadas aliadas às novas ferramentas tecnológicas tornam cada vez mais necessário um novo perfil de servidores públicos, funcionários que devem ser inovadores, com orientação estratégica, flexíveis, criativos e motivados. Para isso, é necessário modificar tanto os sistemas para a seleção de novos talentos quanto para o treinamento dos existentes, e é isso que muitos especialistas estão pedindo. É importante, portanto, que seja utilizada uma gestão estratégica dos recursos humanos, gestão que deve levar em conta as características especiais do público.Palavras-chave: gestão de pessoas, seleção, formação.
Dynamic Control of the Efficiency of Waterflooding of Low-Permeability Reservoirs by Horizontal Injection Wells With Transverse Multi-Stage Hydraulic Fractures
Authors: Bazyrov Ildar , Galeev Rail , Ipatov Andrey , Kayeshkov Ilya , Simakov Sergey , Fayzullin Ildar , Shel Egor , Sheremeev Aleksandr , Shurunov Andrey , Yakovlev Andrey , Bikkulov Marsel , Gayaztdinov Ruslan , Uchuev Ruslan , Logvinyuk Arseniy 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
At the pilot area of the oilfield in the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug, pilot works are being carried out to increase the development efficiency of low-permeability reservoirs using horizontal production and injection wells with transverse multistage hydraulic fractures (A.Shurunov et al., 2018). The paper describes the results of one stage of pilot works – the shifting of the central horizontal well into the injection and equipping this well with a fiber-optic system (FOS) for monitoring the downhole temperature field (DTS) and vibroacoustic oscillations (DAS).
This work is a continuation of the work (A.Shurunov et al., 2018) and (R.Galeev et al., 2018) in the field of development of delivery methods for FOS in multiple-fractured horizontal wells (MFHW), testing the technology of DTS and DAS to evaluate the effectiveness of waterflooding of low-permeability reservoirs and monitoring the propagation of waterflood-induced fractures in injection horizontal well with transverse multistage hydraulic fractures.
Optimization of Unconventional Gas Reservoirs Development by Horizontal Wells with Multiple Hydraulic Fracturing
Authors: Shandrygin Alexander 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Currently, there is only one realizable technology for development of gas shale and tight gas formations which is based on the applying of the horizontal well systems with multi-stage hydraulic fracturing. The efficiency of shale and tight gas production using this technology in a complex manner depends on some parameters of the wells design, among which, first of all, it is necessary to note: wellbore length, half-length of hydraulic fracture and number of hydraulic fracturing stages. Gas production indicators from shale and tigth formations also significantly depend on the wells grid density. In this paper, we studied the influence of these factors on the shale gas and tight gas production from reservoirs with different permeability. Also, we present the approach to determine the optimal values of wells parameters and the wells grid density
Hydrocarbon Saturation for an Unconventional Reservoir in Details
Authors: Mukhina Elena , Askarova Aysylu , Kalacheva Daria , Leushina Evgenia , Kozlova Elena , Cheremisin Alexander , Morozov Nikita , Dvoretskaya Ekaterina , Demo Vladimir , Cheremisin Alexey 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The present study is focused on quantitative determination of various groups of organic matter (OM) within an unconventional hydrocarbon (HC) reservoir. The influence of the initial distribution of organic matter groups on reservoir simulation results was estimated in frames of the present research. The results of thermal enhanced oil recovery (EOR) simulation were studied, in particular. The target object of the current research is a field sector around a well, which is related to a deposit of the Western Siberia part of Bazhenov formation.
The organic matter of Bazhenov formation was proposed to be divided in a few groups according to the following criteria. The relation with mineral rock matrix: hydrocarbons in open connected pores (mobile oil); hydrocarbons associated with the rock, or "bonded" HC (BHC); kerogen (solid organic matter) and heavy products of its transformation. The "bonded" hydrocarbons are adsorbed and concentrated in isolated or weakly connected pores and cavities within the organic-mineral matrix. These 3 groups were divided according to a molecular weight of hydrocarbons within the group. The mass and volume content of each group in core samples of Bazhenov formation were studied experimentally.
The evaluated group-model of organic matter within a target object was imported in a thermohydrodynamic simulation (thermo-HDS) as a matrix of initial components distribution. The efficiency of thermal EOR (hot water huff and puff injection) for the target object within Bazhenov formation was estimated with a numerical simulation using various OM saturation matrices. The main research goal was to determine the influence of specification of input parameters on the cumulative oil production.
The result of the study is the conclusion about the influence of the specification of distribution of OM groups on the results of HDS calculations and efficiency of thermal EOR. A new method of a detailed OM distribution for hydrodynamic simulation was proposed. A detailed group-model of OM might improve predictions of thermal EOR numerical simulation for unconventional reservoirs.
Experience in the Use of Horizontal Wells of Various Designs for the Development of Hard-to-Recover Oil Reserves in LLC Lukoil – Western Siberia
Authors: Lozanovich Emil 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Every year the resource base of the LUKOIL fields located in Western Siberia undergoes changes in the direction of increasing the share of reserves in the deposits with low permeability and more complex geological conditions of their development, the so-called hard-to-recover oil reserves (HRR). Such deposits are confined to the deposits of the Tyumen, Bazhenov, Abalak suites, as well as to low-permeability reservoirs of the Achimov strata and sediments of the yu1 formation. At the beginning of 2019, there are about 290 million tons of oil reserves (figure 1), and the accumulated production of them already exceeds 15 million tons of oil (figure 2).
Wag Design: Miscibility Challenge, Tools and Techniques for Analysis, Efficiency Assessment
Authors: Fedorov Konstantin , Pospelova Tatyana , Kobyashev Alexander , Guzhikov Pavel , Vasiliev Anton , Shevelev Alexander , Dmitriev Igor 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
WAG injection combines advantages of gas drive efficiency with mobility control and sweep enlargement due to simultaneous water-gas flow. A complex preliminary investigation is the basis of successful application of gases. Such investigation determines appropriate and available type of gas, attainability of miscible flood, technology of gas injection.
This paper combines modern achievements in theory and practice of gas application for EOR with new approaches for ternary phase and saturation diagram analysis, comparison of different gas injection technologies on saturation triangle and mobility control during WAG process. The proposed investigation workflow is presented on the example of real field in East Siberia.
Assessment of Efficiency of EOR/IOR Technologies Using Rate Transient Analysis
Authors: Iktissanov Valery , Sakhabutdinov Rifkhat , Bobb Irina 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Oil industry knows dozens of hundreds of different EOR/IOR methods to improve reservoir recovery efficiency. Among today's priorities are assessment of various EOR/IOR and bottomhole treatment technologies and selection of the most effective ones that will meet the specific reservoir conditions.
For assessment of stimulation efficiency, different techniques can be used: decline curve analysis (DCA), production rates analysis before and after stimulation, analysis of reservoir properties in the near-wellbore zone and in the reservoir using pressure build-up (PUB) curves.
Each technique has advantages and disadvantages. Thus, comparison of production performance ignores bottomhole pressure changes before and after stimulation, pressure buildup curves are not infrequently of a rather low quality, DCA is based on empirical relationships liable to misinterpretation because of subjective estimate.
Devoid of these drawbacks is the rate transient analysis (RTA). The advantage of this method is that it makes allowance for change of production rates always occurring following stimulation. This is achieved through use of diffusion equations.
Practice has shown that RTA provides a comparative analysis of production rates and cumulative oil production through time, porosity and permeability before and after stimulation, being, thus, a comprehensive tool for efficiency evaluation. Variation in oil production is the most reliable parameter, because it accounts for changes in bottomhole pressure and water cut before and after stimulation. To determine this parameter, an algorithm based on the pressure drop change is offered. RTA allows production forecast by two scenarios, the scenario involving stimulation, and the scenario without any production enhancement operations with a view to assess cumulative incremental production.
In conclusion, it can be said that rate/pressure transient analysis allows assessment of efficiency of a large variety of EOR/IOR projects and a long-term production forecast. The offered approach may serve a good alternative to the decline curve analysis and comparison of production rates and PUB curves before and after stimulation.
Three Typical SAGD Horizontal Producer Temperature Modes and Enhanced Measures in Heterogeneous Super Heavy Oil Reservoir-A Case Study in FC Project of Xinjiang Oilfield
Authors: Xi Changfeng , Yang Zhi , Du Xuan , Zhou You , Shi Lanxiang , Sang Linxiang , Li Xiuluan , Ma Desheng 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Steam assisted gravity drainage (SAGD) technology by dual-parallel horizontal wells is matured commercial technology. In China SAGD was used commercially from 2012, current SAGD production rate is 17,000bbl/d. However, because of reservoir heterogeneity the production performance is not expected, oil rate per well is low, steam oil ratio (SOR) is higher. FC project in Xinjiang Oilfield has been operated for 6 years since 2012, however, the expected oil rate and SOR are still not gained. By analyzing various data about 168 dual-horizontal well patterns, three typical SAGD horizontal producer temperature modes are put forward. They are basically uniform mode (Type I), heel section tending to steam breakthrough mode (Type II), toe section non-start-up mode (Type III) respectively. Different temperature modes represent different recovery and producing characteristics, appropriated enhanced measures should be put forward. Basic uniform mode is 27% (45 well patterns), its characteristic is the temperature difference along the horizontal producer is about 30℃ and the whole well section is utilized basically. Heel section tending to steam breakthrough mode is 47% (79 well patterns), the temperature of heel section is 80℃ higher than that of toe section. There are hotspots near heel section, and steam is easy to break into producer in heel section. Liquid production intensity (t/d/m) of heel section is 5-10 times lower than that of toe section. Toe section non-start-up mode is 26% (44 well patterns), the temperature difference is more than 100℃ along horizontal producer, toe section cannot be start up efficiently.
Different enhanced measures have been applied to these three types. For Type I, sub-cool is lowed from 30-40℃ to 8-15℃ to increase liquid production intensity, then the oil production and SOR are enhanced. For Type II, an appropriated length electric heater is placed in the toe section to increase its temperature and narrow temperature gap between heel and toe section. Liquid production intensity of toe section is increased by this measure. For Type III, assisted vertical injector wells are used to utilize the toe section and make the steam chamber develop uniformly in toe section.
Potential Benefits of Fluid Optimization for Combined Smart-Water and Polymer Flooding: Impact on Remaining Oil Saturation
Authors: Tahir Muhammad , Hincapie Rafael E. , Foedisch Hendrik , Strobel Gion-Joèl , Ganzer Leonhard 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Design of Smart-Water can be economically attractive owing the presence of excessive water resources (seawater). This paper aims to design Smart-Water in order to analyze its impact on remaining oil saturation reduction and hence improved oil recovery. Moreover, this study evaluates and define the synergies and benefits between high salt smart water and polymer flooding. The paper combines an extensive rheological characterization and core-flooding experiments; performing fluid optimization (change in brine composition and polymer concentration).
Synthetic seawater (SSW) is used as the base brine. Optimization is perform by adding/removing specific chemical components in the SSW. Overall, five brines are utilized: 1) SSW, 2) 2*SSW, 3) SSW with double sulphates 3) SSW with quadruple sulphates and 5) SSW without NaCl. Brine 1 and 2 are used as the formation brines, whereas brine 3 to 5 are used as the injection brines to analyze impact of SO4-2 and Na+1 on remaining oil saturation reduction. Secondary and tertiary-mode experiments are performed to evaluate the feasibility of applying Smart-Water injection and its synergies with polymer flood.
Smart water with spiked sulphates changed the interfacial tension compare to synthetic seawater. Henceforth smart water injection has contributed to extra oil recovery, resulting on a reduction of the remaining oil saturation due to the improved interfacial rheology and slightly higher IFT. Optimized Smart Water with spiked amount of sulphate has produced the highest oil recovery in secondary mode compared to other brines (in case of both formation brines). Furthermore, higher concentration of the divalent cations in formation brine and spiked amount of Na+1 in injected brine has resulted the significant decrease in remaining oil saturation (2*SSW as formation brine). Combination of smart water and polymer flood has shown significant reduction in remaining oil saturation. Polymer injection after smart water with spiked sulphates has contributed to significant extra oil recovery compare to the other brines owing to the combined effect of improved interfacial rheology and enhanced polymer viscoelasticity.
Water Alternating Gas Pilot Design and Results: Yaraktinskiy Field Eastern Siberia
Authors: Burdakov Dmitriy , Wolcott Donald 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The article describes the design of water alternating gas (WAG) project and the results of implementation within a portion of the Yaraktinskiy field. The technical applicability of using WAG to increase oil recovery was justified from core flood and slim tube experiments in conjunction with PVT fluid studies. The equation of state was tuned to the PVT data and slim tube experiments. Fully compositional modeling was used to generate type curves that demonstrated additional recovery from the WAG process. A systematic criterion was developed to identify and rank the best patterns for WAG response and therefore identify the optimal pilot area. For flood management performance ratios and efficiency criteria were defined.
Pilot response has provided additional recovery, indicating mobilization of previously immobile oil. History matching the pilot response has improved the model and this has been used to justify further scaling of the process to more areas of the field. As well, the model is now used to establish requirements for piping, compressor and other surface upgrades.
Step-Up Concentration Method for Chemical Agents’ Adsorption Measurement in Porous Media
Authors: Lompik Vasilii , Dadakin Nikita , Nukhaev Marat , Rymarenko Konstantin , Makatrov Artem , Zaynullin Ildus , Bikmeev Denis 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Before implementing any chemical enhanced oil recovery project at the field, it is very important to carry out a feasibility study, which is impossible without determining their effectiveness under laboratory conditions.
The task of laboratory research is to determine all the parameters of surfactant and polymer solutions, necessary for further analytical evaluation and reservoir simulation. It is necessary to conduct laboratory experiments to perform technical and economic assessment of the chemical EORs implementation. One of the most important issues here is to determine the amount of reagent held in the pore space of the reservoir.
The retention parameter determines how much reagent needs to be injected to achieve the required displacement efficiency. It directly affects reagent consumption and economic efficiency.
This paper discusses various methods for determining the amount of reagent retained in the reservoir; it can be surfactant species or a polymer. To solve the problem of reducing the time for the experimental part, an algorithm of an experiment was developed, which makes it possible to determine the retention parameters in a shorter time and with less labor. This method was tested and showed its effectiveness in the course of a technical and economic study on the possibility of implementing polymer flooding for a field in Eastern Siberia.
As a result of the experiments, the relationships between the surfactant or polymer retention and their concentration, and also between permeability and the amount of reagent adsorbed were found. The effect of salinity on the retention parameter was determined, the fact of desorption for both surfactants and polymers was revealed. Inaccessible pore volume for polymer was determined.
Screening In Situ Combustion Applicability for a Heavy Oil Candidate Reservoir with an Accelerating Rate Calorimeter
Authors: Fazlyeva R. R. , Mallory D. G. , Moore R. G. , Mehta S. A. , Cheremisin A. N. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Air injection has immense potential for hydrocarbon recovery from various reservoirs. One of the screening techniques which can be applied to evaluate a candidate oil for the air injection process is the accelerating rate calorimeter (ARC). The unique feature of this instrument is that it can provide adiabatic conditions and handle experiments at high pressures. This paper reviews four tests performed in closed and flowing ARCs to fingerprint and observe the thermal behavior of a crude oil. The crude oil used for this study is characterized as a 19.3°API and viscosity of 710 mPa.s at 21°C. The oxidation experiments were performed under two scenarios of oil-only and oil in the presence of native carbonate core. Initial starting conditions of each test were at a temperature of 23°C and a reservoir pressure of 13.8 MPa. Flowing ARC experiments showed that Low-Temperature Oxidation occurs at a temperature of about 150°C, whereas ignition occurs at about 350°C when High-Temperature Oxidation region was dominant. However, when using the closed ARC, the thermal behavior of the studied oil appeared to have different temperature characteristics, and the onset of the maximum self-heat rate occurred at temperature of 288°C. The effect of the vapor phase combustion as well as the calculation of kinetic parameters are also discussed in this work.