bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
First isolation of Leishmania infantum by blood culture in bovines from endemic area for canine visceral leishmaniasis
Authors: Paixão-Marques Mirian dos Santos , Alves-Martin Maria Fernanda , Guiraldi Lívia Maísa , dos Santos Wesley José , de Lemos Fábio Almeida , Sánchez Gabriela Pacheco , Richini-Pereira Virginia Bodelão , Lucheis Simone Baldini 
Published: February 2019

AbstractLeishmaniasis is considered a parasitic disease that still causes serious consequences for mankind, because it presents a high mortality rate worldwide. Considered multi-hosts, the parasites of the genus Leishmania are able of infecting a wide variety of animal species. The dog was considered the main source of infection of visceral leishmaniasis (VL), in the urban area. However, the role of other animal species in the epidemiological cycle of the disease, such as cattle, remains unclear. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the occurrence of Leishmania spp. in 100 bovines (Bos taurus) from an area endemic for canine VL, using blood culture and molecular analysis. By the sequencing analysis, one sample showed 100% similarity with Leishmania infantum. The results provide the first case of L. infantum isolation in one bovine from the periurban areas of Bauru, state of São Paulo, Brazil.
Restricted completion of sparse partial Latin squares
Authors: Andrén Lina J. , Casselgren Carl Johan , Markström Klas 
Published: February 2019

AbstractAnn×npartial Latin squarePis calledα-dense if each row and column has at mostαnnon-empty cells and each symbol occurs at mostαntimes inP. Ann×narrayAwhere each cell contains a subset of {1,…,n} is a (βn,βn, βn)-array if each symbol occurs at mostβntimes in each row and column and each cell contains a set of size at mostβn. Combining the notions of completing partial Latin squares and avoiding arrays, we prove that there are constantsα,β> 0 such that, for every positive integern, ifPis anα-densen×npartial Latin square,Ais ann×n (βn, βn, βn)-array, and no cell ofPcontains a symbol that appears in the corresponding cell ofA, then there is a completion ofPthat avoidsA; that is, there is a Latin squareLthat agrees withPon every non-empty cell ofP, and, for eachi,jsatisfying 1 ≤i,j≤n, the symbol in position (i,j) inLdoes not appear in the corresponding cell ofA.
The frequency of asymptomatic urinary system abnormalities in children detected with cineurography imaging during angiocardiography
Authors: Oral Orcun , Toprak Muhammet Hamza Halil , Uysal Fahrettin , Bostan Ozlem Mehtap , Cil Ergun 
Published: February 2019

AbstractIntroductionDiagnostic and interventional catheter angiography of the heart is frequently used in paediatric cardiology. It is also possible to detect urinary system anomalies with cineurography images that may be obtained during angiocardiography. In this study, the aim was to determine the frequency, distribution, and properties of urinary system anomalies accompanying heart diseases, and to find out the effectiveness of cineurographic images in detecting the urinary system anomalies.MethodsThe cineurographic images of 2022 children who had undergone angiocardiography between 1995 and 2015 were retrospectively examined.ResultsUrinary system anomalies were detected in 261 of the 2022 cases (12.9%). Of these 261 cases, 148 were males (56.7%), whereas 113 were females (43.3%). Among the heart diseases, the group most accompanied by urinary system anomalies was the non-cyanotic left-to-right shunted heart diseases, which was detected in 120 (39.1%) patients. Pelvicalyceal ectasia was the most common urinary system anomaly encountered and was detected in 89 patients (34.1%). Of the urinary system anomalies cases, 94 detected by cineurography were determined to be clinically severe. When the effectiveness of the cineurography was evaluated using the ultrasonography records of the patients, it was found to have 63.8% accuracy.ConclusionMany of the patients with CHDs concomitantly have urinary system anomalies. It is possible to determine asymptomatic urinary system anomalies using cineurographic imaging during angiocardiography. This may lead to earlier treatments and improved prognosis for the patients, thus making it possible to prevent potential future problems.
Association between left ventricular ejection fraction and Kawasaki disease shock syndrome
Authors: Qiu Huixian , Li Chen , He Yuee , Weng Fengfeng , Shi Hongying , Pan Lulu , Guo Yuping , Zhang Yuanhai , Wu Rongzhou , Chu Maoping 
Published: February 2019

AbstractObjectiveThis study was performed to explore the clinical features of Kawasaki disease shock syndrome and analyse the association between the left ventricular ejection fraction and Kawasaki disease shock syndrome.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed the medical records of all consecutive inpatients with Kawasaki disease at Wenzhou Medical University Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital in Wenzhou, China from January 2009 to December 2016. We compared the clinical characteristics, laboratory data, and left ventricular ejection fraction between patients with and without Kawasaki disease shock syndrome and analysed the effect of the left ventricular ejection fraction on Kawasaki disease shock syndrome under different clinical conditions of Kawasaki disease.ResultsIn total, 1147 patients were diagnosed with Kawasaki disease. Of these 1147 patients, 17 were diagnosed with Kawasaki disease shock syndrome; 68 patients admitted to the hospital at the same time, ±2 weeks, with Kawasaki disease but without Kawasaki disease shock syndrome served as the control group. Compared with the control group, the Kawasaki disease shock syndrome group had a significantly higher incidence of coronary artery lesions, cardiac troponin I concentration, N-terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide concentration, neutrophil count and ratio, alanine aminotransferase concentration, aspartate aminotransferase concentration, and C-reactive protein concentration and a significantly lower platelet count, serum albumin concentration, and left ventricular ejection fraction. A low left ventricular ejection fraction was associated with Kawasaki disease shock syndrome under different conditions of Kawasaki disease.ConclusionAmong patients with Kawasaki disease, cardiac injury is more likely in those with Kawasaki disease shock syndrome than without, and a low left ventricular ejection fraction may be associated with the development of Kawasaki disease shock syndrome.
Compact low-cost substrate integrated waveguide fed antenna for 122 GHz radar applications
Authors: Frank Martin , Lurz Fabian , Weigel Robert , Koelpin Alexander 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThis paper describes the design and characterization of a compact substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) fed antenna for the 122 GHz industrial, scientific, and medical band. The use of a single RO4350B substrate layer and the SIW feeding ensure a low-cost fabrication. Two versions of the antenna are presented differing in antenna gain and size. For measurement purpose, a transition from rectangular waveguide to SIW is introduced. Measurements of the radiation pattern have been performed and show good agreement with the numerical results for both antennas and an antenna gain up to 7.14 dBi.
May-Thurner syndrome – Are we aware enough?
Authors: Mako Katalin , Puskas Attila 
Published: February 2019

Summary. Iliac vein compression syndrome (May-Thurner syndrome – MTS) is an anatomically variable clinical condition in which the left common iliac vein is compressed between the right common iliac artery and the underlying spine. This anatomic variant results in an increased incidence of left iliac or iliofemoral vein thrombosis. It predominantly affects young women in the second or third decades of life with preponderance during pregnancy or oral contraceptive use. Although MTS is rare, its true prevalence is underestimated but it can be a life-threatening condition due to development of pulmonary embolism (PE). In this case based review the authors present three cases of MTS. All patients had been previously confirmed with PE, but despite they were admitted to hospital, diagnosed and correctly treated for PE and investigated for thrombophilia, the iliac vein compression syndrome was not suspected or investigated. With this presentation the authors would like to emphasize that MTS is mostly underdiagnosed, and it needs to be ruled out in left iliofemoral vein thrombosis in young individuals.
Reactive Transport Modeling Applied to Ni Laterite Ore Deposits in New Caledonia: Role of Hydrodynamic Factors and Geological Structures in Ni Mineralization
Authors: Myagkiy Andrey , Golfier Fabrice , Truche Laurent , Cathelineau Michel 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThis study is devoted to understanding the impact of topography and hydrodynamics on the formation of high‐grade supergene nickel deposits. The investigation proposes a new conceptual mineralization model that describes the formation of various exceptionally Ni‐enriched hot spots observed in lateritic profiles. Numerical analysis of the effects of local hydrodynamics on deposits formation is performed by means of PHREEQC geochemical simulator and COMSOL Multiphysics software. These are coupled through an iCP Java interface that allows to code their level of interaction and facilitates the exchange of parameters. The model developed extends the currently existing geochemical formulation of nickeliferous laterite formation from peridotite carried out in 1‐D and is additionally capable of simulating mass solute transport and geochemical processes within complex fractured‐porous systems. The simulations improve our understanding of metal enrichment in saprolite and bedrock zones. It was shown that, although the initial development of nickel lateritic ores takes a few million years, they are prone to relatively quick leaching and subsequent redistribution of Ni when the topography changes in response to tectonic processes. The latter leads to the formation of rich nickel deposits at the bottom of the slope, mostly due to leaching of the saprolite material. In addition to the role of changes in topography, the critical impact of fractures and fracture networks on metal mobility and distribution was identified. The model developed provides significant insight into the distribution of mineral resources, in particular Ni deposits, and can be of great help for future mineral prospecting in industry.
Vertical Axis Rotation Across the Eastern Mono Basin and West‐Central Walker Lane Revealed by Paleomagnetic Data From the Jack Springs Tuff
Authors: Petronis M. S. , Zebrowski P. J. , Shields S. F. , Pluhar C. J. , Lindeman J. R. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe mid‐Miocene Jack Springs Tuff (JST) outcrops from the Bodie Hills of eastern California into the western Mina Deflection, Nevada. Distal outcrops of the JST occur northwest of Mono Lake, CA, on a minimally rotated structural block. This provides a reference location for our paleomagnetic study to estimate relative vertical‐axis rotation. A new 40Ar/39Ar age places the eruption of the JST at 12.114 ± 0.006 Ma. Anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility data, once corrected for local tilt and vertical axis rotation, yields a mean imbrication that trends 178°. The probable source of the JST is located in the Huntoon Valley/Queens Valley region. Eighteen paleomagnetic sites constrain mid‐Miocene to recent vertical axis rotation within the region. All sites are discordant to the reference location with variable amounts of clockwise vertical axis rotation ranging from 25° to 104°. We hypothesize that a previously unrecognized early phase of deformation occurred that predates the deformation in the central Mina Deflection. These new data support the hypothesis that transtensional faulting associated with North American and Pacific plate interaction transferred deformation across the Mono Basin region that was partially accommodated by vertical axis rotation. By late Miocene, deformation had stepped east developing the Silver Peak‐Lone Mountain detachment system followed by the structures that presently define the central Mina deflection. This study further demonstrates that deformation occurred east of the Sierra Nevada Mountains at the latitude of the Mono Basin in western‐most Nevada, a region previously thought to be undeformed in terms of clockwise vertical axis rotation.
Global Ensemble Forecast System (GEFS) Predictions of Days 1–15 U.S. Tornado and Hail Frequencies
Authors: Gensini Vittorio A. , Tippett Michael K. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractU.S. severe convective storms have grown to represent a 10 billion dollar annual peril for the insurance industry, and their accurate prediction remains a challenging task. This study examines days 1–15 severe convective storm predictions from the Global Ensemble Forecast System (GEFS). GEFS forecasts are based on the Supercell Composite Parameter and verified against spatially smoothed tornado and hail reports over the periods 1 March to 31 May 2016–2017. Skill is analyzed for deterministic forecasts (ensemble mean Supercell Composite Parameter exceeding specified thresholds) and probabilistic forecasts (fraction of ensemble members exceeding specified thresholds). Deterministic forecasts of tornado and hail activities are statistically more skillful than a random no‐skill reference to days 9 and 12, respectively. Probabilistic forecasts are skillful relative to climatological no‐skill reference to day 9 for tornado and day 12 for hail activity. These results provide a useful baseline for further improvement of tornado and hail forecasts at these ranges.
Coupled North Atlantic Subdecadal Variability in CMIP5 Models
Authors: Martin Thomas , Reintges Annika , Latif Mojib 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe interaction between the atmosphere, specifically the North Atlantic Oscillation, and the North Atlantic Ocean circulation on subdecadal time scale is analyzed in a subset of models participating in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 5. From preindustrial control runs of at least 500‐year length, we derive anomaly patterns in the atmospheric and ocean circulation and of air‐sea heat exchange. All models simulate a distinct dipolar oceanic overturning anomaly at the subdecadal time scale, with centers at 30°N and 55°N. The dipolar overturning anomaly goes along with marked anomalies in the North Atlantic sea surface temperature and gyre circulation. Lag‐regression analyses demonstrate, with relatively small ensemble spread, how the atmosphere and the ocean circulation interact. The dipolar anomalies in the overturning are forced by North Atlantic Oscillation‐related wind stress curl anomalies. Anomalous surface heat fluxes in concert with anomalous vertical motions drive a meridional dipolar heat content anomaly in the upper ocean, and it is this dipolar heat content anomaly which carries the coupled system from one phase of the subdecadal cycle to the other by reversing the tendencies in the overturning circulation. The coupled subdecadal variability derived from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 5 models is characterized by three elements: a wind‐driven part steering the dipolar overturning anomaly, surface heat flux anomalies that support a heat buildup in the subpolar gyre region, and the heat storage memory which is instrumental in the phase reversal of the North Atlantic Oscillation.
Subsurface Sediment Mobilization in the Southern Chryse Planitia on Mars
Authors: Brož P. , Hauber E. , van de Burgt I. , Špillar V. , Michael G. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe southern part of the smooth plain of Chryse Planitia on Mars hosts a large population of kilometer‐sized (from ~0.2 to ~20 km) landforms spread over a wide area. Based on the investigation of a small part of this area, Komatsu et al. (2016, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2015.12.032) proposed that the edifices may be the result of the subsurface sediment mobilization. We mapped the full extent of these landforms within Chryse Planitia and performed a morphological and spatial analysis in an attempt to further test this hypothesis. We identified a total number of 1,318 of these objects, which we grouped into five different morphological classes. The edifices can be observed over an area of 700,000 km2 near the termini of the large outflow channels, Ares, Simud, and Tiu Valles, with a nonrandom spatial distribution. The features are clustered and anticorrelated to the ancient highlands, which form erosional remnants shaped by the outflow events. This suggests a genetic link between the distribution of the edifices and the presence of the sedimentary deposits on which they are superposed. Such distribution is consistent with the previous notion that subsurface sediment mobilization may be the mechanism for their formation and is less consistent with the alternative igneous volcanic hypothesis. We also propose a scenario in which the large morphologic variability can be explained by variations of the water content within the ascending mud and by variations in the effusion rates. The edifices may represent one of the most prominent fields of sedimentary volcanism detected on Mars.
Hourly Aerosol Assimilation of Himawari‐8 AOT Using the Four‐Dimensional Local Ensemble Transform Kalman Filter
Authors: Dai Tie , Cheng Yueming , Suzuki Kentaroh , Goto Daisuke , Kikuchi Maki , Schutgens Nick A. J. , Yoshida Mayumi , Zhang Peng , Husi Letu , Shi Guangyu , Nakajima Teruyuki 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe next‐generation geostationary satellite Himawari‐8 has a much higher observation frequency of the aerosol field than polar‐orbiting satellites. Aerosol analyses with a geostationary satellite can advance our understanding of the rapid spatiotemporal evolution of aerosols, which is especially critical for studies of air pollution and its mechanisms. We present a one‐monthlong hourly aerosol analysis using an aerosol data assimilation based on the local ensemble Kalman filter (LETKF), Himawari‐8‐retrieved hourly aerosol optical thicknesses (AOTs), and a global model named Non‐hydrostatic Icosahedral Atmospheric Model coupled with an aerosol model named Spectral Radiation Transport Model for Aerosol Species (NICAM‐SPRINTARS). To assimilate asynchronous observations and avoid frequent switching between the assimilation and ensemble aerosol forecasts, the LETKF is also extended to the four‐dimensional LETKF (4D‐LETKF). The hourly aerosol analyses are evaluated with both the assimilated Himawari‐8 AOTs and independent Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS)‐ and AErosol RObotic NETwork (AERONET)‐retrieved AOTs. All evaluations show that the assimilations positively affect the model performances and produce simulated AOTs that are closer to the observations. The analyses correctly reduce the significantly positive biases and root‐mean‐square errors of the control experiment, especially over East China and Australia. Our results also show that hourly aerosol analyses with more frequent Himawari‐8 observations are superior to those using the polar satellite MODIS observations. The performances among the LETKF and 4D‐LETKF experiments are generally not so different, but the computational load of the 4D‐LETKF is much lighter than that of the LETKF.
Microbial residence time is a controlling parameter of the taxonomic composition and functional profile of microbial communities
Authors: Mansfeldt Cresten , Achermann Stefan , Men Yujie , Walser Jean-Claude , Villez Kris , Joss Adriano , Johnson David R , Fenner Kathrin 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
A remaining challenge within microbial ecology is to understand the determinants of richness and diversity observed in environmental microbial communities. In a range of systems, including activated sludge bioreactors, the microbial residence time (MRT) has been previously shown to shape the microbial community composition. However, the physiological and ecological mechanisms driving this influence have remained unclear. Here, this relationship is explored by analyzing an activated sludge system fed with municipal wastewater. Using a model designed in this study based on Monod-growth kinetics, longer MRTs were shown to increase the range of growth parameters that enable persistence, resulting in increased richness and diversity in the modeled community. In laboratory experiments, six sequencing batch reactors treating domestic wastewater were operated in parallel at MRTs between 1 and 15 days. The communities were characterized using both 16S ribosomal RNA and non-target messenger RNA sequencing (metatranscriptomic analysis), and model-predicted monotonic increases in richness were confirmed in both profiles. Accordingly, taxonomic Shannon diversity also increased with MRT. In contrast, the diversity in enzyme class annotations resulting from the metatranscriptomic analysis displayed a non-monotonic trend over the MRT gradient. Disproportionately high abundances of transcripts encoding for rarer enzymes occur at longer MRTs and lead to the disconnect between taxonomic and functional diversity profiles.
Convergent gain and loss of genomic islands drive lifestyle changes in plant-associated Pseudomonas
Authors: Melnyk Ryan A , Hossain Sarzana S , Haney Cara H 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Host-associated bacteria can have both beneficial and detrimental effects on host health. While some of the molecular mechanisms that determine these outcomes are known, little is known about the evolutionary histories of pathogenic or mutualistic lifestyles. Using the model plant Arabidopsis, we found that closely related strains within the Pseudomonas fluorescens species complex promote plant growth and occasionally cause disease. To elucidate the genetic basis of the transition between commensalism and pathogenesis, we developed a computational pipeline and identified genomic islands that correlate with outcomes for plant health. One island containing genes for lipopeptide biosynthesis and quorum-sensing is required for pathogenesis. Conservation of the quorum-sensing machinery in this island allows pathogenic strains to eavesdrop on quorum signals in the environment and coordinate pathogenic behavior. We found that genomic loci associated with both pathogenic and commensal lifestyles were convergently gained and lost in multiple lineages through homologous recombination, possibly constituting an early step in the differentiation of pathogenic and commensal lifestyles. Collectively this work provides novel insights into the evolution of commensal and pathogenic lifestyles within a single clade of host-associated bacteria.
Mmu-miR-185 depletion promotes osteogenic differentiation and suppresses bone loss in osteoporosis through the Bgn-mediated BMP/Smad pathway
Authors: Cui Qi , Xing Jinhao , Yu Miao , Wang Yue , Xu Jian , Gu Yajuan , Nan Xu , Ma Wenping , Liu Hao , Zhao Hongshan 
Published: February 2019

AbstractMicroRNAs (miRs) play an essential role in the regulation of bone formation and homeostasis. miR-185 has been reported to negatively regulate osteogenesis in vitro. However, whether it has an impact on in vivo bone homeostasis remains unknown. Here, we demonstrated that primary osteoblasts and mesenchymal stem cells derived from miR-185-knockout (KO) mice exhibited enhanced osteogenesis. Further, we constructed an ovariectomized mouse model to investigate the role of miR-185 during osteoporosis. Micro-computed tomography revealed an increased bone volume in KO compared to wild-type mice 6 weeks after surgery, indicating redundant bone formation after miR-185 depletion. Dual-luciferase reporter assays identified biglycan (Bgn), which promotes bone formation through the BMP/Smad pathway, as the direct target of miR-185. Taken together, these findings indicate that blocking miR-185 expression increases bone formation during osteoporosis, which may partly occur through the regulation of Bgn expression and BMP/Smad signaling.