bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
UAS‐basierte Diagnostik von Infrastrukturbauwerken
Authors: Hallermann Norman , Helmrich Marcel , Morgenthal Guido , Schnitzler Elke , Rodehorst Volker , Debus Paul 
Published: September 2018

AbstractFür Infrastrukturbauwerke hat die Sicherstellung von Standsicherheit und Gebrauchstauglichkeit oberste Priorität. Da die Beanspruchbarkeit, welche sich durch Alterung und Schädigungen über die Nutzungsdauer verringert, nur relativ ungenau prognostiziert werden kann, ist eine regelmäßige Erfassung und Bewertung des Bauwerkszustands erforderlich. Als Alternative zur klassischen visuellen Inspektion, die besonders bei großen Bauwerken zu hohen Kosten führt, ist die Nutzung kleiner unbemannter Flugsysteme (UAS) in den Fokus gerückt. Der erreichte Stand der Technik und die Ausstattung mit hochwertigen Kameras qualifiziert diese Systeme für vielfältige Inspektionsaufgaben. In einer Machbarkeitsstudie für die DB Netz AG und parallelen Forschungsarbeiten wurden mögliche Anwendungen von UAS bei der Inspektion großer Ingenieurbauwerke als Teil einer digitalen Instandhaltungsstrategie untersucht. Da hinsichtlich der Befliegungsstrategien, Datenauswertung und Informationsextraktion noch vielfältige Forschungsarbeiten erforderlich sind, die sich aus Unikatcharakter, geometrischer Komplexität und anspruchsvollen Umgebungsbedingungen der Bauwerke ergeben, wurden für typische Referenzobjekte umfangreiche automatisierte Befliegungsstrategien zur Bilddatengenerierung ausgearbeitet und getestet. Diese bilden die Grundlage für eine hochgenaue und hochaufgelöste 3‐DRekonstruktion und Analyse der Bauwerksgeometrie und eine automatisierte Bildauswertung zur Extraktion von Zustandsinformationen.
Susceptibility of placental mitochondria to oxidative stress
Authors: Papa Gobbi Rodrigo , Magnarelli Gladis , Rovedatti María Gabriela 
Published: September 2018

BackgroundTwo different mitochondrial fractions (MFs) have been characterized in the human placenta: the “light” and “heavy” fractions (LMF and HMF). Although these organelles are the main source of reactive oxygen species, an imbalance between their production and the rate of detoxification represents a serious threat to mitochondrial homeostasis and, in the case of the placenta, also to the fetus. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant capacity and susceptibility to oxidative stress in both types of MFs.MethodsHuman MFs were isolated from healthy donors (n = 11) and either incubated or not with H2O2. Catalase (CAT) activity, and reduced glutathione (GSH), lipid peroxidation (LP), and protein carbonylation (PC) levels were determined.ResultsH2O2 treatment increased LP and PC levels and decreased CAT activity. GSH levels were similar in control and treated MFs.ConclusionH2O2 caused oxidative damage in both LMF and HMF and the antioxidant system measured in these two MFs responded similarly. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first partial description of the antioxidant defense in placental HMF and LMF performed in a cell‐free assay. The small number of antioxidant system parameters measured did not allow detecting differences between HMF and LMF.
Reproductive toxicology studies supporting the safety of molindone, a dopamine receptor antagonist
Authors: Gopalakrishnan Gopakumar , Ganiger Shivaputhrappa , White Tacey E. K. , Yu Chungping 
Published: September 2018

BackgroundAn extended‐release molindone (a dopamine D2 and serotonin antagonist) is currently being developed as a novel treatment for impulsive aggression (IA) in patients optimally treated for ADHD. Oral Good Laboratory Practice reproductive toxicology studies (fertility and early embryonic [FEE], prenatal/postnatal [PPN], embryo‐fetal development [EFD]) were conducted with molindone HCl using International Conference on Harmonisation (ICH) S5(R2)‐compliant protocols.MethodsIn the FEE study, 0, 5, 15, or 30 mg kg−1 day−1 was administered to female (2 weeks premating through implantation) and male (4 weeks premating for 57 days) rats, and fertility parameters were evaluated. In the EFD studies, rats received 0, 5, 20, or 40 mg kg−1 day−1 on gestational days (GDs) 6–17; rabbits received 0, 5, 10, or 15 mg kg−1 day−1 on GDs 6–18. Ovarian/uterine and fetal parameters were evaluated at term. In the PPN study, F0 rats received 0, 5, 20, or 40 mg kg−1 day−1 (GD6–LD21); behavior and reproduction were evaluated in F1 offspring.ResultsParental hypoactivity and reduced body weight gain occurred in all studies. In the FEE, prolonged estrous cycles and delayed mating occurred at ≥15 mg kg−1 day−1, without effects on fertility or embryonic development. No developmental toxicity occurred in F1 fetuses. In F1 pups, reduced preweaning growth was observed at 40 mg kg−1 day−1, but there were no effects on postweaning growth, behavior, or reproduction.ConclusionsMolindone was not developmentally toxic in rats or rabbits at 69X and 6X clinical exposures, confirming the reproductive safety of molindone. Changes in estrous cyclicity were related to species‐specific pharmacological effects of molindone in rodents and are not considered relevant to human risk.
Synthesis and Evaluation of 2‐Azetidinone and 1H‐Pyrrole‐2,5‐dione Derivatives as Cholesterol Absorption Inhibitors for Reducing Inflammation Response and Oxidative Stress
Authors: Xia Yineng , Zhu Lijuan , Yuan Xinrui , Wang Yubin 
Published: September 2018

AbstractExcess lipid accumulation can initiate the development and progression of atherosclerotic lesions, thus eventually leading to cardiovascular disease. Lipid‐lowering medication therapy is one of the cornerstones of cardiovascular disease therapy. On the basis of the cholesterol absorption inhibitor ezetimibe, we successfully synthesized seven 2‐azetidinone derivatives and eighteen 1H‐pyrrole‐2,5‐dione derivatives. Most of the new compounds significantly inhibited cholesterol uptake in vitro. In addition, one of the most active inhibitors, 3‐(4‐fluorophenyl)‐1‐[(3S)‐3‐hydroxy‐3‐(4‐hydroxyphenyl)propyl]‐4‐(4‐hydroxyphenyl)‐1H‐pyrrole‐2,5‐dione (14q), showed no cytotoxicity in L02 and HEK293T cell lines. Further evaluation indicated that 14q inhibited considerably the amount of TNF‐α, ROS, MDA, and LDH in vitro. Therefore, 14q might be a novel cholesterol absorption inhibitor.
The quest for the optimal treatment for in‐stent restenosis
Authors: Claessen Bimmer E. , Dangas George D. 
Published: September 2018

Key Points

A meta‐analysis of 2,173 patients showed that the use of a second generation drug‐eluting stent is similarly effective for the treatment of in‐stent restenosis (ISR) compared to a drug‐eluting balloon.
However, coronary drug‐eluting balloons are not available and ISR is an off‐label indication for second generation drug‐eluting stents in the United States
Further studies are needed to determine the optimal treatment of ISR in relation to the underlying mechanism and the ISR pattern.
Reactions of Arylcarbenes with Lewis Acids
Authors: Raut Akshay Hemant , Costa Paolo , Sander Wolfram 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe reactions of the three triplet ground state arylcarbenes diphenylcarbene 1, fluorenylidene 2, and dibenzocycloheptadienylidene 3 with the Lewis acids H2O, ICF3, and BF3 were studied under the conditions of matrix isolation. H2O was selected as typical hydrogen bond donor, ICF3 as halogen bond donor, and BF3 as strong Lewis acid. H2O forms hydrogen‐bonded complexes of the singlet carbenes with 1 and 2, but not with 3. This is rationalized by the larger singlet–triplet gap of 3, which does not allow to stabilize the singlet state below the triplet state by hydrogen bonding. With ICF3, both 1 and 3 form halogen‐bonded complexes of the singlet states of the carbenes. This indicates that halogen bonding stabilizes singlet carbenes more than hydrogen bonding. Carbene 2 reacts differently from 1 and 3 by forming an iodonium ylide, thus avoiding antiaromatic destabilization of the fluorenyl unit. With BF3, all three carbenes form zwitterionic Lewis acid/base complexes.
Metal Oxide Interlayer for Long‐Lived Lithium–Selenium Batteries
Authors: Mukkabla Radha , Kuldeep  , Killi Krushnamurty , Shivaprasad Sonnada Math , Deepa Melepurath 
Published: September 2018

AbstractA lithium–selenium (Li‐Se)‐alkali activated carbon hybrid cell with a tungsten oxide interlayer is implemented for the first time. The Se hybrid at a Se loading of 70 % in the full Li–Se cell delivers a large reversible capacity of 625 mA h gSe−1, in comparison with 505.8 mA h gSe−1 achieved for the pristine Se cell. This clearly shows the advantage of the carbon in improving the capacity of the Li‐Se cell. A tungsten oxide interlayer is drop‐cast over the battery separator to further circumvent the issues of polyselenide dissolution and shuttle, which cause severe capacity fading. The oxide layer conducts Li ions, as evidenced from the Li‐ion diffusion coefficient of 4.2×10−9 cm2 s−1, and simultaneously blocks the polyselenide crossover, as it is impermeable to polyselenides, thereby reducing the capacity fading with cycling. The outcome of this unique approach is reflected in the reversible capacities of 808 and 510 mA h gSe−1 achieved for the Li‐oxide@separator/Se‐alkali activated carbon cell before and after 100 cycles, respectively, thus demonstrating that carbon and oxide can efficiently restrict the capacity fading and improve the performances of Li‐Se cells.
Metal–Organic Framework Templated 3D Hierarchical ZnCo2O4@Ni(OH)2 Core–Shell Nanosheet Arrays for High‐Performance Supercapacitors
Authors: Han Xue , Yang Yujing , Zhou Jiao‐Jiao , Ma Qingxiang , Tao Kai , Han Lei 
Published: September 2018

AbstractDesigning core–shell electrode materials with desired components and architectures is a promising strategy for boosting electrochemical performance. Here, three‐dimensional hierarchical ZnCo2O4@Ni(OH)2 core–shell nanosheet arrays have been successfully fabricated on a Ni foam substrate, in which the porous ZnCo2O4 nanosheet “core” as the conductive scaffold was synthesized by a metal–organic framework (MOF)‐templated method, and the ultrathin Ni(OH)2 nanoflakes “shell” with rich active sites were grafted on the ZnCo2O4 nanosheet through a hydrothermal treatment. When directly used as a free‐standing electrode for supercapacitor, these hierarchical ZnCo2O4@Ni(OH)2 core–shell nanosheet arrays exhibited a high capacitance of 3063.2 mF cm−2 (1021.1 F g−1) at the current density of 1 mA cm−2. This electrode significantly outperformed individual Ni(OH)2 or ZnCo2O4 nanosheet arrays, benefiting from the robust core–shell arrays on Ni foam with good electrical conductivity and abundant active sites, as well as the synergetic effect between MOF‐derived porous ZnCo2O4 “core” and the ultrathin Ni(OH)2 “shell”. Moreover, the assembled ZnCo2O4@Ni(OH)2//activated‐carbon asymmetric supercapacitor displayed excellent energy and power densities (maximum of 40.0 Wh kg−1 and 8.02 kW kg−1) and superior cycling stability of 98.4 % retention with 91.2 % coulombic efficiency over 5 000 cycles at 10 A g−1.
Highly Efficient and Durable Electrocatalyst Based on Nanowires of Cobalt Sulfide for Overall Water Splitting
Authors: Zhang Chunyang , Bhoyate Sanket , Kahol Pawan K. , Siam Khamis , Poudel Tej Prasad , Mishra Sanjay R. , Perez Felio , Gupta Alex , Gupta Gautam , Gupta Ram K. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractWater electrolysis to generate hydrogen and oxygen at low overpotential is one of the main requirements for clean and renewable energy technology. Currently, precious‐metal‐based catalysts such as Pt, IrO2, and RuO2 are being used for water electrolysis limiting its wide range of applicability due to their high cost and rare‐earth abundance. In this research, we have used nanowires of cobalt sulfide as an efficient electrocatalyst for overall water splitting. Directly grown nanowires of cobalt sulfide on nickel foam provided superior electrocatalytic activities favoring electron transfer. High surface area and porosity of the nanowires allowed easy escape of the generated oxygen and hydrogen. Cobalt sulfide nanowires required an overpotential of 299 and 217 mV to achieve a current density of 10 mA/cm2 for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), respectively. Furthermore, nanowires of cobalt sulfide required a low cell voltage of 1.66 V to achieve a current density of 10 mA/cm2 which is among the best‐reported value. A facile preparation method, outstanding bi‐functionality, and electrochemical stability of cobalt sulfide as both HER and OER electrocatalyst, suggest that cobalt sulfide could be a promising material for commercial applications in water electrolysis.
Parallel iterative hill climbing algorithm to solve TSP on GPU
Authors: Yelmewad Pramod , Talawar Basavaraj 
Published: September 2018

SummaryTraveling Salesman Problem (TSP) is an NP‐hard combinatorial optimization problem. Heuristic algorithms provide satisfactory solutions to large instance TSP in a reasonable amount of time. However, heuristic methods result in suboptimal solutions as they do not cover the search space adequately. Sequential heuristic approaches spend significant CPU time in neighborhood generation for large input instances. Neighborhood generation time can be reduced by generating in parallel. GPUs have been shown to be effective in exploiting data and memory level parallelism in large complex problems. This work presents a GPU‐based Parallel Iterative Hill Climbing (PIHC) algorithm using the nearest neighborhood heuristic to arrive at near‐optimal solutions of large TSPLIB instances in a reasonable amount of time. Multiple construction heuristics approaches, thread mapping strategies, and data structures for TSPLIB instances have been evaluated. We demonstrate improved cost quality on symmetric TSPLIB instances up to 85,900 cities. The PIHC GPU implementation gives up to 193× speedup over its sequential counterpart and up to 979.96× speedup over a state‐of‐the‐art GPU‐based TSP solver. The PIHC implementation gives a cost quality with error rate 0.72% in the best case and 8.06% in the worst case.
Managerial attributes, consumer proximity, and corporate environmental performance
Authors: Cho Cecile K. , Cho Theresa S. , Lee Jessie 
Published: September 2018

AbstractIn this paper, we examine the impact of managerial characteristics and consumer proximity on corporate environmental performance (CEP). By analyzing the interaction effects between managerial and organizational factors on the firm's environmental performance, we go beyond the extant literature that has primarily focused on the linkage between CEP and financial performance. Drawing mainly from the upper echelons perspective and institutional theory, we examine the impact of managerial characteristics as antecedents of CEP along with the moderating effect of consumer proximity on CEP. In particular, we focus on the effects of three characteristics of CEOs: tenure, educational level, and functional background. Based on the analysis of 49 companies in textile and apparel industries in Korea, our results provide support for the predicted positive relationships between CEO attributes and CEP.
MIMO antenna selection using biogeography‐based optimization with nonlinear migration models
Authors: Fountoukidis Konstantinos C. , Kalialakis Christos , Psannis Kostas E. , Siakavara Katherine , Goudos Sotirios K. , Sarigiannidis Panagiotis , Obaidat Mohammad 
Published: September 2018

SummaryThis papers deals with the problem of antenna selection (AS) for a multiple‐input multiple‐output (MIMO) wireless system under the constraint of the channel capacity maximization. The biogeography‐based optimization (BBO) algorithm is applied on the joint transmitter and receiver AS problem. Moreover, the performance of different BBO migration models is compared with a real valued genetic algorithm (RVGA) as well as with the ant colony optimization (ACO). Representative simulation scenarios are provided in detail, involving selection of 2 × 4,3 × 5,4 × 6,8 × 8 antennas in a 16 × 16 MIMO system. The numerical results demonstrate the efficiency and the applicability of the BBO algorithm in modern MIMO wireless systems.
Severe bupropion XR abuse in a patient with long‐standing bulimia nervosa and complex PTSD
Authors: Dagan Yael , Yager Joel 
Published: September 2018

AbstractObjectiveAlthough abuse of bupropion to achieve euphoria or a stimulant‐like effect has been described in the literature, to our knowledge abuse of bupropion XR to control binge eating and reduce appetite by a patient with eating disorder has not been previously reported.MethodWe report the case of a 22‐year‐old woman with bulimia nervosa and complex PTSD who abused bupropion XR to doses that at peak reached 3,000–4,500 mg/day. She suffered from adverse effects including headaches, tachycardia, anxiety, insomnia, and, finally, grand mal seizures.ResultsUnable to control the abuse on her own, she sought inpatient treatment, following which she remained off bupropion XR for a year. However, she subsequently relapsed.DiscussionThe stimulant, euphoriant, and anorexic effects of bupropion XR contribute to its potential for abuse, particularly among patients with eating disorders. Clinicians are reminded to screen for anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa histories prior to prescribing this medication, and to consider its abuse among eating disorder patients presenting with seizures. For patients abusing this medication, motivational interviewing in the context of a strong, ongoing therapeutic relationship might help to achieve sustained periods of abstinence.
Intrapopulation variability in wolf diet revealed using a combined stable isotope and fatty acid approach
Authors: O'Donovan Sean A. , Budge Suzanne M. , Hobson Keith A. , Kelly Allicia P. , Derocher Andrew E. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractNaturally occurring stable isotope ratios and fatty acids are two types of chemical biomarkers frequently used to quantitatively estimate consumer diets. Stable isotope values in animal tissues and diets have been evaluated using Bayesian mixing models to provide dietary estimates of consumers in both terrestrial and marine ecosystems. Fatty acids have primarily been used to examine diets of marine species. Using muscle and adipose tissue, we combined the two biomarkers in a Bayesian mixing model to generate quantitative diet estimates for gray wolves (Canis lupus,n = 78) in the southern Northwest Territories, Canada. Simulation experiments showed that the combined dataset led to more accurate and precise diet estimates than stable isotopes alone. Overall, bison (Bison bison athabascae) dominated the winter diet (63–96%) of wolves. In one region where bison were not readily available, wolf diet was more variable, with substantial contributions from boreal caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou), moose (Alces alces), snowshoe hare (Lepus americanus), and beaver (Castor canadensis). Surprisingly, fish also comprised 5–26% of wolf diet in this region. Wolves likely scavenged on scraps left behind by commercial ice fishing operations on Great Slave Lake. Our investigation underlines the power of combining these two major analytical tools to investigate diet in an elusive and opportunistic predator.
Patch age since disturbance drives patch dynamics for flycatchers breeding in both reservoir and riverine habitat
Authors: Theimer Tad C. , Sogge Mark K. , Paxton Eben H. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractSpecies dependent upon early‐successional landscapes often occupy patches at different stages of recovery after disturbance. The demographic processes that drive patch dynamics in these systems have rarely been described but are important for developing effective conservation and management plans, especially when humans have modified the timing and intensity of disturbances that drive regeneration. In riparian systems, disturbance by floods historically initiated plant regeneration, but many rivers are now regulated and stream flows disrupted by dams and reservoirs. We studied the demography and patch dynamics of an endangered, neotropical migrant bird dependent on remnant riparian patches for breeding, the southwestern willow flycatcher (Empidonax trailli extimus), over 9 yr at both a riverine and reservoir site in central Arizona. We found that at both sites, number of territories/ha within patches increased for 2–4 yr after colonization and then declined, with several patches abandoned after 6–10 yr. Age of birds increased with patch age, with younger birds in colonizing patches and older, site‐faithful birds in older patches, while mean per capita reproductive success did not differ with patch age. Natal dispersal and breeding dispersal were primarily from intermediate‐aged patches into either young‐ or other intermediate‐aged patches. At both riverine and reservoir sites, both the number of patches and the number of territorial birds increased over time, with the percentage of territories shifting into younger and younger patches. The type of disturbance driving patch regeneration differed between riverine and reservoir sites (seasonal flooding vs. falling lake levels due to drought), but the demographic patterns did not, indicating that reservoirs can generate patch dynamics similar to those on rivers. Managing stream flows and reservoir levels to maintain disturbance cycles sufficient to generate riparian patches at different stages of regeneration through time would benefit succession‐dependent species like the endangered flycatcher we studied, whether those disturbances arise from natural flooding events along free‐flowing rivers or through changes in reservoir levels.
Innovation in rangeland monitoring: annual, 30 m, plant functional type percent cover maps for U.S. rangelands, 1984–2017
Authors: Jones Matthew O. , Allred Brady W. , Naugle David E. , Maestas Jeremy D. , Donnelly Patrick , Metz Loretta J. , Karl Jason , Smith Rob , Bestelmeyer Brandon , Boyd Chad , Kerby Jay D. , McIver James D. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractInnovations in machine learning and cloud‐based computing were merged with historical remote sensing and field data to provide the first moderate resolution, annual, percent cover maps of plant functional types across rangeland ecosystems to effectively and efficiently respond to pressing challenges facing conservation of biodiversity and ecosystem services. We utilized the historical Landsat satellite record, gridded meteorology, abiotic land surface data, and over 30,000 field plots within a Random Forests model to predict per‐pixel percent cover of annual forbs and grasses, perennial forbs and grasses, shrubs, and bare ground over the western United States from 1984 to 2017. Results were validated using three independent collections of plot‐level measurements, and resulting maps display land cover variation in response to changes in climate, disturbance, and management. The maps, which will be updated annually at the end of each year, provide exciting opportunities to expand and improve rangeland conservation, monitoring, and management. The data open new doors for scientific investigation at an unprecedented blend of temporal fidelity, spatial resolution, and geographic scale.