bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
IMPACT OF BEDAQUILINE ON THE EFFICIENCY OF COMPREHENSIVE THERAPY OF RESPIRATORY TUBERCULOSIS
Authors: Kondakova M. N. , Khabirov V. V. , Zhemkov V. F. , Shpakovskaya L. R. , Daynovets A. V. , Elkin A. V. 
Published: July 2018

The objective of the study:to evaluate the possibility to enhance the clinical efficiency of treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis patients by adding bedaquiline to the fifth chemotherapy regimen.Subjects and methods. The presented results were obtained through dynamic follow-up and treatment of 68 respiratory tuberculosis patients, treated in St. Petersburg TB Dispensary from 2014 to 2016.Results. The clinical improvement manifested through relief of intoxication symptoms, normalization of blood count, reduction of infiltrate changes and healing of destruction. In a number of cases, relief of intoxication symptoms with reduction of bacillary excretion massiveness, infiltration and cavity sizes allowed preparing patients for the next stage of treatment – surgery.
Case report of the rapid achievement of sustained and long-term remission resulting from the use of ramucirumab plus paclitaxel in the second-line treatment of a patient with disseminated gastric adenocarcinoma
Authors: Titova T. A. , Besova N. S. , Gorbunova V. A. , Kuvshinov Yu. P. , Filatov A. A. , Ketsba A. F. , Fedenko A. A. 
Published: July 2018

Ramucirumab is a monoclonal antibody targeting vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2. In two randomised clinical trials Ramucirumab either alone or in combination with paclitaxel has been found to be safe and effective for patients with previously treated advanced gastric cancer. One of the serious adverse events associated with ramucirumab is bleeding.We report the case of a 56-year-old man with advanced gastric cancer located at the gastroesophageal junction with liver, pulmonary and multiple lymph node metastases, plevritis was treated with a paclitaxel plus Ramucirumab regimen. We demonstrate a case of a cardioesophageal junction bleeding due to the high efficiency of treatment. He was successfully treated with by applying only hemostatical therapy, but after stop the bleeding chemotherapy was not reintroduced. The partial response was maintained for approximately 10 months. The patient died on 28 November 2017.Chemotherapy with best supportive care for metastatic gastric cancer shown the improvement the performance status, help keep the cancer under control and help relieve symptoms during the time.
A new way of concentrating the cellular material of exudates
Authors: Leonov M. G. , Novik V. I. , Belyaeva S. A. , Ershova Ya. H.-B. , Selifonova Zh. P. 
Published: July 2018

Objective. Improve the method for concentrating the cellular material of serous cavities exudates for cytological investigation.Materials and methods. The optimal time of accumulation of cell samples in effusion liquids was determined on the basis of the sedimentation method using a dropping funnel by examining 28 samples of exudates (pleural and abdominal) obtained from 24 patients with ovarian cancer. The two methods for concentrating the cellular material of exudate were compared: the method using a dropping funnel and the method using a cylinder.Results. It was found that the 60-minute exposure time was optimal in using a dropping funnel to concentrate the cellular material of exudates.Conclusion. Using a dropping funnel to concentrate the cellular material of the exudates is optimal. In this case, the investigational preparations contain a sufficient amount of cellular material for the cytological study and the cell complexes are larger than those in using the cylinder.
The prospects for cisplatin and nab-paclitaxel combination therapy in patients with pre-treated triple-negative breast cancer. Description of the clinical case.
Authors: Zhukova L. G. , Bardovskaya K. S. , Lubennikova E. V. , Suslova I. R. 
Published: July 2018

Molecular and biological features of triple negative breast cancer (TN BC) determine the limited possibilities of systemic therapy and, as a consequence, the more aggressive course of the disease. Taxanes are one of the most effective chemotherapies used in breast cancer therapy. The special form of paclitaxel nab-paclitaxel makes it possible to obtain an objective and a subjective effect, which is especially important in the pre-treated patients. In addition, the drug has a favourable safety profile and a well-controlled toxicity.The article contains a review of the literature on the prospects for the use of nab-paclitaxel in breast cancer, especially in its triple negative version, and a description of the clinical case of therapy with a combination of cisplatin and nab-paclitaxel in a young patient with BRCA-1-associated TN breastcancer.
Potent Chitin Synthase Inhibitors from Plants
Authors: Vijayakumar Amrutha , Madhavan Ajith , Bose Chinchu , Nanjan Pandurangan , Kokkal Sindhu S. , Veedu Archana P. , Prasad Megha , Pal Sanjay , Nair Bipin G. 
Published: July 2018

Background:Chitin is the main component of fungal, protozoan and helminth cell wall. They help to maintain the structural and functional characteristics of these organisms. The chitin wall is dynamic and is repaired, rearranged and synthesized as the cells develop. Active synthesis can be noticed during cytokinesis, laying of primary septum, maintenance of lateral cell wall integrity and hyphal tip growth. Chitin synthesis involves coordinated action of two enzymes namely, chitin synthase (that lays new cell wall) and chitinase (that removes the older ones). Since chitin synthase is conserved in different eukaryotic microorganisms that can be a ‘soft target’ for inhibition with small molecules. When chitin synthase is inhibited, it leads to the loss of viability of cells owing to the self- disruption of the cell wall by existing chitinase.Methods:In the described study, small molecules from plant sources were screened for their ability to interfere with hyphal tip growth, by employing Hyphal Tip Burst assay (HTB). Aspergillus niger was used as the model organism. The specific role of these small molecules in interfering with chitin synthesis was established with an in-vitro method. The enzyme required was isolated from Aspergillus niger and its activity was deduced through a novel method involving non-radioactively labelled substrate. The activity of the potential lead molecules were also checked against Candida albicans and Caenorhabditis elegans. The latter was adopted as a surrogate for the pathogenic helminths as it shares similarity with regard to cell wall structure and biochemistry. Moreover, it is widely studied and the methodologies are well established.Results:Out of the 11 compounds and extracts screened, 8 were found to be prospective. They were also found to be effective against Candida albicans and Caenorhabditis elegans.Conclusion:Purified Methyl Ethyl Ketone (MEK) Fraction1 (F1) of Coconut (Cocos nucifera) Shell Extract (COSE) was found to be more effective against Candida albicans with an IC50 value of 3.04 μg/mL and on L4 stage of Caenorhabditis elegans with an IC50 of 77.8 μg/mL.
Predictive Factors for Successful High Myopia Treatment Using High-Frequency Laser-In-Situ Keratomileusis
Authors: Artini Widya , B. Riyanto Setyo , Hutauruk Johan A. , D. Gondhowiardjo Tjahjono , Kekalih Aria 
Published: July 2018

Aim:To evaluate the predictive factors of LASIK procedure for high myopia with or without astigmatism using a combination of high-frequency femtosecond-assisted LASIK followed by an excimer laser.Methods:This study was a retrospective interventional case series study to evaluate myopic eyes undergoing high platform LASIK with FEMTO LDV Z2 intervention, followed by WaveLight®EX500 excimer laser machine. Subjects were divided into 2 groups: high myopia (SE of -6.01 to -9.00 D) and very high myopia (SE of -9.01 D or higher). Myopic eyes (Spherical Equivalent/SE) less than –13 D were included in this study. Visual Acuity (VA) was evaluated 1 day and 60 days after the procedure. Predictive factors, such as age, degree of sphere, degree of astigmatism, keratometric reading and axial length were analyzed to detect any influences affecting the final VA results.Results:A total of 316 myopia eyes underwent intervention, mean age: 25.3±3.8 years. Target treatment was achieved in 96.1% of patients with high myopia and 69.9% of patients with very high myopia. High degree of sphere and astigmatism constitutes an important factor influencing final VA.Conclusion:Modern machines provide a more promising efficacy and success of LASIK procedure in high myopia: important predictive factors were a high degree of sphere and astigmatism for achieving the optimal final outcome.
The Use of Psychoactive Substances and Illegal Drugs in the Albanian Society
Authors: Matua Linda , Muharremi Guido , Petrela Elizana , Koçibelli Mirnela , Vyshka Gentian , Xhemali Bledar 
Published: July 2018

Background:
To create a representative picture of the prevalence and the total number of
drug users in Albania from 2012 to 2016, and compare those numbers to previous years with other
available data.

Methods:
The required data for the conductance of this study was collected from three different
fronts, namely The Institute of Forensic Medicine (IFM), Clinical Toxicology and Addictions Service,
University Hospital &quot;Mother Theresa&quot; Tirana (CTS) and Methadone Maintenance Treatment
Centers. The study targets all individuals who have consumed at least once abusive drugs and psychotropic
substances during the period 2012-2016 in the Republic of Albania. A total of 7050 reported
cases over the given period were reviewed.

Results:
Overall, Cannabis Sativa was the highest consumed drug, present in 62.58% of the cases.
Other substances with a noticeable prevalence of use were heroin (15.02%) and cocaine (5.1%). It
was found out that there were 36 drug-related deaths from 2012 to 2016. During this period of time,
only 9 individuals resulted positive for Sexually Transmitted Infections (STI), of which, one positive
for Hepatitis C and the remaining 8 positives for HIV. About 25% of drug users in Albania belong
to the young subgroup of the population (13-32 years old).

Conclusion:
Overall, taking into consideration all three databases, the number of drug users has significantly
increased. There are more officially reported drug users today compared to 2012,
however, different trends are observed during different periods. Youngsters are more eager and
tempted to use and experiment more with safer and less harmful drugs like cannabis, meanwhile, as
age increases, there is a tendency to shift towards more potent and dangerous drugs. Prevention and
reducing the prevalence of use of psychoactive drugs is one of the main goals of public health.
Knowledge and authentic development: the value of Political Theory to Development Studies
Authors: Ibeanu Okechukwu , Nwosu Bernard 
Published: July 2018

Development studies is a beneficiary of knowledge resources from several disciplines including political theory’s analytic and prescriptive input. The dominant background of political theory and other disciplinary contributions to development studies is the liberal thought. Liberal theses on development seem to presume that development only makes meaning from such perspective. However, tensions arise in knowledge claims between the neoclassical liberals and alternative liberal scholars especially the neo-Keynesian on the one hand and more radical neo-Marxist thoughts on the other hand. The tension is centrally concerned with contention between the market sovereignty of the neoclassicals and state interventionism of the Keynesian and neo Marxist radical thoughts. These contentions draw in the role of the state in development and hence, create an opening for political theory’s intervention. This paper establishes the nexus of political theory and development studies by focusing its subject matter, methodology and social commitments. The main claim of the work is that the dominant liberal ideas on development fail to capture the realities of all societies, yet the alternative frameworks, despite their promise, have yet to elaborate their tenets to capture the nuances of developing societies in Africa. Accordingly, the decisive intervention in defining the roles of both citizens and state for a development based on constructivist understanding of society is a necessary role of political theory in development studies.
A União Europeia e a (in)segurança no Mediterrâneo e Balcãs: estratégias, vulnerabilidades e desafios
Authors: Xavier Ana Isabel 
Published: July 2018

Desde Março de 2015, a União Europeia (UE) tem sido confrontada com uma pressão migratória sem precedentes a partir das rotas do Mediterrâneo e dos Balcãs, naquela que é já considerada a maior crise humanitária desde o final da segunda guerra mundial. Uma análise detalhada da questão conduz-nos a duas evidências empíricas. A primeira, relativamente à resposta da UE enquanto tal que se caracteriza simultaneamente por uma incapacidade de gestão das expectativas e consensos entre os Estados Membros e por uma aparente securitização da política de imigração e asilo com o progressivo reforço da dimensão externa da segurança interna da União. A segunda, relativamente à politização dos movimentos migratórios e a expansão do islamismo por alguns partidos e movimentos com pendor populista extremista um pouco por toda a Europa, tal como ilustrado nas mais recentes eleições na Holanda ou França ou na Alemanha a breve trecho.Assim, este artigo pretende dar um contributo a este debate, traçando o percurso, impacto e eficácia da abordagem da UE como ator de segurança, bem assim explorando as vulnerabilidades e desafios atuais que se oferecem à UE e aos Estados-membros neste domínio.
Estrategias didácticas para el acompañamiento del aprendizaje musical en primera infancia. Revisión y perspectivas
Authors: Ramírez López Yolima Isabel 
Published: July 2018

Este artículo presenta una revisión descriptiva de los antecedentes relacionados con las estrategias didácticas de acompañamiento del proceso educativo musical y cómo puede evidenciarse el aprendizaje musical en la primera infancia. Se seleccionaron algunas estrategias básicas y se determinaron sus características y relaciones para ser utilizadas como herramienta integradora del aprendizaje musical. Además, se presentan los antecedentes de investigación relacionados con la percepción auditiva, el canto y el movimiento en el aprendizaje musical infantil. Acerca del método de búsqueda de información, se destaca el uso de redes hipertextuales para ampliar los antecedentes y la utilización del software Mendeley para optimizar el trabajo investigativo Asimismo, se concluye que las estrategias didácticas para el acompañamiento del aprendizaje musical en primera infancia contribuyen en el desarrollo del niño tanto a nivel musical como en la formación como ser humano que construye sociedad. Por otro lado, el uso de dichas estrategias permite presentar contenidos musicales a los niños de educación inicial de una forma lúdica, vivencial y acorde a su contexto, permitiéndole construir su pensamiento. Igualmente, para el docente estas son una forma de realizar un seguimiento que arroja información importante para la toma de decisiones que transforman su labor en el aula. Finalmente, de esta revisión surgen dos interrogantes: ¿Cuáles son las características de las estrategias didácticas utilizadas para el acompañamiento del aprendizaje musical con niños de 5 años en primera infancia? y ¿De qué forma se pueden relacionar estas estrategias con el dibujo?
PELATIHAN WIRAUSAHA BAGI PELAKU USAHA KECIL DAN MENENGAH (UKM) DI DESA SAKERTA BARAT DAN SAKERTA TIMUR KECAMATAN DARMA KABUPATEN KUNINGAN
Authors: Mulyana Nandang , Ishartono Ishartono 
Published: July 2018

Pengangguran merupakan salah satu masalah yang dihadapi oleh semua negara termasuk Indonesia. Pengangguran berimplikasi kepada munculnya kemiskinan. Demikian juga sebaliknya kemiskinan menjadikan banyaknya pengangguran. Mengatasi masalah pengangguran tidak hanya dilakukan dengan membuat program-program pengentasan kemiskinan dan pengangguran. Diperlukan adanya upaya yang terus-menerus yang ditunjang dengan kemampuan untuk membuka lapangan pekerjaan sendiri. Artinya mengatasi kemiskinan salah satunya dengan menanamkan jiwa wirausaha sehingga tidak tergantung pada lapangan kerja yang ada dan sangat terbatas. Untuk mencapai itu semua tidak hanya memberikan modal usaha yang dapat digunakan untuk membuka usaha baru. Akan tetapi diperlukan adanya pelatihan yang lebih kepada membengkitkan dan mengembangkan jiwa wirausaha dalam masyarakat.Tujuan dari pelatihan wirausaha tentunya tidak akan mengarahkan masyarakat atau pelaku UKM untuk membuat usaha baru. Terpenting bahwa pelatihan wirausaha yang diberikan adalah membantu pelaku UKM untuk melihat peluang usaha dan pasar baru dengan melihat dari sudut yang berbeda. Sudut berbeda tersebut lebih diarahkan kepada perlunya ada inovasi baru dari usaha yang sekarang telah dijalankan.Metode yang digunakan dalam pelatihan ini tidak lagi menggunakan ceramah. Metode yang digunakan lebih kepada pembelajaran orang dewasa. Pembelajaran orang dewasa ini lebih ditekankan kepada bagaimana peserta pelatihan yaitu para pelaku UKM dapat menggali segala masalah dan potensi yang dimiliki oleh dirinya maupun lingkungannya. Setelah itu dengan brainstornming peserta diajak untuk membuat alternatif-alternatif pemecahan masalah dengan berdasarkan potensi yang ada.Hasil pelatihan memperlihatkan bahwa peserta pelatihan semakin terbuka matanya bahwa untuk memperoleh hasil yang maksimal tentunya tidak hanya berdiam diri dengan apa yang telah dicapai. Diperlukan adanya sudut pandang baru dalam memandang usaha yang telah dilakukan. Untuk mendukung sudut pandang baru tersebut tentunya harus diimplementasikan dalam praktik. Praktik dari inovasi tersebut adalah inovasi produk baru dari produk-prodrk yang sudah ada. Dengan adanya inovasi produk yang didasarkan dari potensi yang ada maka akan membuka pasar baru sehingga akan membuka ekspansi bisnis baru.
PEMANFAATAN LEMBAGA LOKAL UNTUK PELAKSANAAN TERTIB ADMINISTRASI KEPENDUDUKAN DI DESA GENTENG
Authors: Nurwati Nunung , Krisnani Hetty , Riana Agus Wahyudi , Hidayat Eva Nuriyah , Humaedi Sahadi 
Published: July 2018

Kegiatan PKM dengan judul ”Pemanfaatan Lembaga Lokal Untuk Pelaksanaan Tertib Administrasi Kependudukan Di Desa Genteng“, bertujuan untuk memanfaatkan keberadaan lembaga lokal yang ada untuk pelaksanaan pelaksanaan pendataan kependudukan sehingga dapat menciptakan tertib administrasi kependudukan. Untuk mencapai maksud tersebut, Tim PKM telah melaksanakan kegiatan berupa pelatihan dengan materi-materi mencakup peraturan dan teknis registrasi penduduk. Pelatihan ini dilaksanakan di Desa Genteng, dihadiri oleh 45 peserta, terdiri dari ketua RW, Ketua RT, kader posyandu, dan PKK. Pelatihan difokuskan pada materi Registrasi penduduk sebagai berikut: 1) Undang-undang No. 23 Tahun 2006 tentang Administrasi Kependudukan; dan 2) Teknis Pengisian Data Kependudukan. Untuk menilai tingkat keberhasilan kegiatan pelatihan digunakan alat bantu berupa Pre-Test dan Post-Test. Hasil dari kegiatan pelatihan pemanfaatan lembaga lokal dalam pelaksanaan registrasi penduduk ini baru mencapai pada aspek kognitif dan afeksi, hal ini dapat terlihat dari kemampuan peserta dalam memahami materi yang disampaikan oleh pemateri. Selain itu, tingkat partisipasi peserta dalam kegiatan diskusi pemecahan masalah cukup baik, hal ini dapat terlihat saat kegiatan tersebut dilaksanakan.Kata kunci: Lembaga lokal, Pelatihan administrasi kependudukan
Historiografi Tradisional, Raja-Raja Melayu, dan Kekuasaan dalam <em>Hikayat Negeri Johor</em>
Authors: Mu'jizah Mu’jizah 
Published: July 2018

The aim of the research is to find the elements of history from the kings of Malay in Riau, time of the power, and historic event in Hikayat Negeri Johor. The qualitative method was used with descriptive analysis and comparation study. Results of the study proved that Hikayat Negeri Johor contains many historical elements consisting of figure of the Malay kings, background place and time, and historical events related to their politics and their power. The politics pertain to the dominion of the kings related to some periods, from Sultan Abdul Jalil Syah until Sultan Mahmud. The historical elements can proved from comparation of many sources. The conclusion is that this work has highly historical value. This work can be considered to be used in compiling a local history. The content of the historical elements in this work includes six characters of Malay Kings in Riau, places and times of event, and historical events. Based on the comparation study, it was found that many historical events in Hikayat Negeri Johor are proven facts in history.
Ethico-political engagement and the self-constituting subject in Foucault
Authors: Ucnik Lenka 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Foucault is critical of the tendency to reduce all social and political problems according to predetermined ends and verifiable procedures. For Foucault, philosophical activity is a condition of possibility for the articulation of the question of the self. Inspired by his work on the desiring subject, Foucault begins to explore the ethical and political implications of self-care for modern day concerns. He presents an account of self-care that centres on developing an attitude that questions the personal relationship to truth, and puts to test those ideas and truths held most dearly. Processes of self-care evaluate the consistency between those truths a person regards as necessary and a person’s actions in the world. Interested in the ways in which people see themselves as subjects, Foucault directs his attention to the connection between systems of knowledge, power, and practices of the self. Crucial to Foucault’s process is the recognition that the self-subject is not given and does not have ontological precedence, and that subjectivity is transformable. By finding the lines and fractures in external and internal modes of objectification Foucault hopes to open up the space of freedom to bring about transformative events. The care of the self serves as a form of critique and resistance where it is both a way of living and acting in the world, and a critical response to a particular time and place.
The ethical context of social philosophy in contemporary India
Authors: Hajko Dalimír , Török Ľuboš 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Public and academic philosophical thinking in contemporary India provides evidence that philosophy and religion have never been truly separated, although there have been attempts to bring philosophy closer to science and, thus, create two autonomous systems. In light of these changes, P. V. Athavale, C. T. K. Chari, N. S. Prasad and some other authors have formed and are developing modern ethical and social theories. Moreover, feminism and gender studies have appeared in the panorama of changing philosophical and sociological thinking in India, embracing gender equality in contemporary Indian society. There has been increasing interest in sociological research and a critical interpretation of Mahatma Gandhi’s spiritual message in the cause of India’s independence, whose thoughts authors engaged in contemporary ethical problems believe to be impractical and useless today. Existentialism as a philosophical stream earned broad public acceptance and played a significant role in the history of modern philosophical thinking in India in the second half of the 20th century.