bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Global cognitive performance is associated with sleep efficiency measured by polysomnography in patients with Parkinson's disease
Authors: Sobreira Emmanuelle S. T. , Sobreira‐Neto Manoel A. , Pena‐Pereira Márcio A. , Chagas Marcos H. N. , Fernandes Regina M. F. , Eckeli Alan L. , Tumas Vitor 
Published: January 2019

AimSleep disorders can be associated with an increased risk for cognitive decline in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). The aim of this study was to examine the association between cognitive status and presence of sleep symptoms and sleep disorders in PD patients.MethodsWe evaluated excessive sleepiness, other sleep symptoms, and performed polysomnography and neuropsychological evaluation in 79 patients. They were classified as having normal cognition (PDNC), mild cognitive impairment (PDMCI), or dementia (PDD).ResultsThere were 29 PDNC, 39 PDMCI, and 11 PDD patients. PDD patients were older, had higher scores on the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale, and lower Schwab and England Activities of Daily Living scores than PDNC patients. After analysis of the polysomnographic variables, it was also found that PDD patients had a lower sleep efficiency, lower total sleep time, and lower number of sleep state changes than PDNC patients. In a stepwise analysis, defining Mattis Dementia Rating Scale scores as the dependent variable, the results were a model that selected three variables that accounted for 59% of the variation in the Mattis Dementia Rating Scale score: wake time after sleep onset, number of state changes, and schooling.ConclusionWe found a significant association between global cognitive performance and wake time after sleep onset and the number of state changes during sleep measured in the polysomnography of PD patients. However, we did not find any other association between sleep disorders or symptoms and cognitive status or cognitive performance of PD patients.
Highly Sensitive and Selective Fluorescence Probe for 2,4‐Dinitrophenylhydrazine Detection in Wastewater Using Water‐Soluble CdTe QDs
Authors: Wang Qiuyue , Wang Xuehan , Wu Yiwei 
Published: January 2019

AbstractA simple, cheap, sensitive and selective probe for determination of DNPH in wastewater using thioglycolic acid (TGA)‐coated CdTe QDs (TGA‐QDs) as fluorescence probe has been established, and the properties of CdTe QDs were characterized by TEM, FT‐IR, DLS, XRD and zeta potentials. CdTe QDs fluorescence is highly efficiently quenched after adding DNPH on account of electron transfer effect, and the fluorescence quenching behavior of CdTe QDs interaction with DNPH is static quenching process. A good linear relationship is observed between the relative fluorescence intensity (F0/F) and 0.06–10 ng mL−1 of DNPH. As compared with some of reported methods, LOD of this method for analysis of DNPH (0.23 ng mL−1) is the lowest. Masking agents of DDTC and NH4OH can eliminate the interference of Cu2+, Ag+ and Hg2+. Hence, DNPH can be selectively and accurately detected and the established method was successfully used for detecting DNPH in wastewater with acceptable recovery of 90.6–102%.
Photoprotective and Antigenotoxic Effects of the Flavonoids Apigenin, Naringenin and Pinocembrin
Authors: García Forero Adriana , Villamizar Mantilla Diego Armando , Núñez Luis A. , Ocazionez Raquel Elvira , Stashenko Elena E. , Fuentes Jorge Luis 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThis work evaluated the photoprotective and antigenotoxic effects against ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation of flavonoid compounds apigenin, naringenin and pinocembrin. The photoprotective efficacy of these compounds was estimated using in vitro photoprotection indices, and the antigenotoxicity against UVB radiation was evaluated using the SOS chromotest and an enzymatic (proteinase K/T4 endonuclease V enzyme) comet assay in UV‐treated Escherichia coli and human (HEK‐293) cells, respectively. Naringenin and pinocembrin showed maximum UV‐absorption peak in UVC and UVB zones, while apigenin showed UV‐absorption capability from UVC to UVA range. These compounds acted as UV filters reducing UV‐induced genotoxicity, both in bacteria and in human cells. The enzymatic comet assay resulted highly sensitive for detection of UVB‐induced DNA damage in HEK‐293 cells. In this work, the photoprotective potential of these flavonoids was widely discussed.
Carbonate drifts as marine archives of aeolian dust (Santaren Channel, Bahamas)
Authors: Lindhorst Sebastian , Betzler Christian , Wunsch Marco , Lüdmann Thomas , Kuhn Gerhard 
Published: January 2019

AbstractSediment data from the Bahamian Santaren carbonate drift reveal the variability of trans‐Atlantic Saharan dust transport back to about 100 ka bp (Marine Isotope Stage 5·3) and demonstrate that carbonate drifts are a valuable pelagic archive of aeolian dust flux. Carbonate drift bodies are common around tropical carbonate platforms; they represent large‐scale accumulations of ocean‐current transported material, which originates from the adjacent shallow‐water carbonate factory as well as from pelagic production, i.e. periplatform ooze. Subordinately, there is a clay‐size to silt‐size non‐carbonate fraction, which typically amounts to less than 10% of the sediment volume and originates from aeolian and fluvial input. Sedimentation rates in the 5·42 m long core GeoHH‐M95‐524 recovered 25 km west of Great Bahama Bank in the Santaren Channel ranges from 1·5 to 24·5 cm ka−1 with lowest values during the last glacial lowstand and highest values following platform re‐flooding around 8 ka bp. These sedimentation rates imply that carbonate drifts have not only the potential to resolve long‐term environmental changes on orbital timescales, but also millennial to centennial fluctuations during interglacials. The sediment core has been investigated with the aim of characterizing the lithogenic dust fraction. Laboratory analyses included X‐ray fluorescence core scanning, determination of carbonate content and grain‐size analyses (of bulk and terrigenous fraction), as well as visual inspections of the lithogenic residue; the age model is based on oxygen isotopes and radiocarbon ages. Data show that the input of aeolian dust in the periplatform ooze as indicated by Ti/Al and Fe/Al element ratios abruptly increases at 57 ka bp, stays elevated during glacial times, and reaches a Holocene minimum around 6·5 ka bp, contemporary to the African Humid Period. Subsequently, there is a gradual increase in dust flux which almost reaches glacial levels during the last centuries. Grain‐size data show that the majority of dust particles fall into the fine silt range (below 10 μm); however, there is a pronounced coarse dust fraction in the size range up to 63 μm and individual ‘giant’ dust particles are up to 515 μm in size. Total dust flux and the relative amounts of fine and coarse dust are decoupled. The time‐variable composition of the grain‐size spectrum is interpreted to reflect different dust transport mechanisms: fine dust particles are delivered by the trade winds and the geostrophic winds of the Saharan Air Layer, whereas coarse dust particles travel with convective storm systems. This mode of transport ensures continuous re‐suspension of large particles and results in a prolonged transport. In this context, grain‐size data from the terrigenous fraction of carbonate drifts provide a measure for past coarse dust transport, and consequently for the frequency of convective storm systems over the dust source areas and the tropical Atlantic.
Lacustrine stromatolites: Useful structures for environmental interpretation – an example from the Miocene Ebro Basin
Authors: Martin‐Bello Leticia , Arenas Concha , Jones Brian 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe significance of stromatolites as depositional environmental indicators and the underlying causes of lamination in the lacustrine realm are poorly understood. Stromatolites in a ca 600 m thick Miocene succession in the Ebro Basin are good candidates to shed light on these issues because they are intimately related to other lacustrine carbonate and sulphate facies, grew under variable environmental conditions and show distinct lamination patterns. These stromatolites are associated with wave‐related, clastic‐carbonate laminated limestones. Both facies consist of calcite and variable amounts of dolomite. Thin planar stromatolites (up to 10 cm thick and less than 6 m long) occurred in very shallow water. These stromatolites represented first biological colonization after: (i) subaerial exposure in the palustrine environment (i.e. at the beginning of deepening cycles); or (ii) erosion due to surge action, then coating very irregular surfaces on laminated limestones (i.e. through shallowing or deepening cycles). Sometimes they are associated with evaporative pumping. Stratiform stromatolites (10 to 30 cm high and tens of metres long) and domed stromatolites (10 to 30 cm high and long) developed in deeper settings, between the surge periods that produced hummocky cross‐stratification and horizontal lamination offshore. Changes in stromatolite lamina shape, and thus in the growth forms through time, can be attributed to changes in water depth, whereas variations in lamina continuity are linked to water energy and sediment supply. Growth of the stromatolites resulted from in situ calcite precipitation and capture of minor amounts of fine‐grained carbonate particles. Based on texture, four types of simple laminae are distinguished. The simple micrite and microsparite laminae can be grouped into light and dark composite laminae, which represent, respectively, high and low Precipitation/Evaporation ratio periods. Different lamination patterns provide new ideas for the interpretation of microbial laminations as a function of variations in climate‐dependent parameters (primarily the Precipitation/Evaporation ratio) over variable timescales.
The role of prediagnostic data in injury epidemiology in preprofessional dancers
Authors: Moita João Paulo , Gomes António , Xarez Luís , Coelho Constança 
Published: January 2019

Introductionpreprofessional dance training starts at very early ages, on a highly demanding environment placing students at significant risk for injury. Injury management and prevention are a matter of concern. Given the constant interchangeability of risk factors, identifying injury patterns may prove to be equally as important. Data looking back from the time of injury through context‐specific approaches are missing.ObjectivesTo identify activity‐related injury patterns based on prediagnostic data.MethodsProspective, non‐randomized, observational study, over a 3 years period on a full‐time preprofessional dance school featuring both gender students aged 9‐21 years old. Non‐parametric statistics were used.ResultsA total of 625 dance injury records from 209 students, n = 68 males and n = 141 females, were analyzed. Season injury risk probability was identified, proving different for each skill level (SkL). Multiple individual injuries revealed a trend toward prevalence rates in advanced level, while index injuries incidence becomes more noticeable in entry level students. Overall incidence rates had no significant differences within SkL. Anatomical location was in line with previous research, although differences were found between gender and SkL. Most injuries occurred in classes, with jumps standing out as the main motor action associated with injury symptoms of gradual onset mechanism.ConclusionDance injuries happen because of dance practice. Knowing the context of injury history from the injured dancer perspective is determinant for management and prevention. prediagnostic data are an umbrella term encompassing several aspects of injury background and represents fertile ground for research. Context‐specific methodological approaches are recommended.
Soil extension needs to be a continuum of learning; soil workshop reflections 10 years on
Authors: Andersson Karl O. , Orgill Susan E. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractEffective extension of soil research builds landholder capacity to manage soils productively and sustainably. Government‐funded extension programmes also aim to improve the state of the environment through efficient use of resources and mitigating or preventing further land degradation. To these ends, a soil extension programme aimed at farmers in south‐eastern Australia was conducted during 2005–2008. The programme was designed to equip landholders with the knowledge, skills and confidence to diagnose and address soil constraints, as well as compile spatial information on soil properties. The programme involved four workshops that covered agricultural productivity, soil management and potential off‐site impacts. Workshops were held on‐farm and involved discussion, theory supported with practical exercises, and field visits. More than 1,400 participants were provided with subsidized soil tests to encourage soil monitoring and underpin the workshop theory on land capability and soil constraints (e.g., soil acidity, sodicity, salinity, nutrient decline and toxicities). Prior to the course, most participants did not regularly soil test so training on monitoring protocols was provided. The soil data indicated considerable phosphorus deficiencies, low organic carbon levels, and acidity across both cropping and pasture systems. Participant knowledge and land management intentions were tracked throughout the workshop series using surveys. The surveys identified a positive shift in the knowledge, understanding and confidence of most participants. However, a follow‐up survey 10 years later indicated that these changes may not have been broadly sustained. Based on our study, we recommend continued engagement of landholders along a learning pathway to maximize investment in soil extension.
Placement of a balloon for resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta without fluoroscopic guidance in canine cadavers
Authors: Loewen Jennifer Marie , Blume Lauren Melissa , Bach Jonathan Francis 
Published: January 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo determine whether a balloon for resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA) could be accurately placed in the descending aorta between the left subclavian and celiac arteries (zone I) by using external anatomic landmarks in dogs.Study designCadaver study.Sample populationFifteen canine cadavers of 3 weight categories (10–20, 20–30, and ≥ 30 kg).MethodsPercutaneous catheterization of the femoral artery was attempted under ultrasonographic guidance; when unsuccessful, an arterial cutdown was performed to place an introducer sheath. Distance was measured between the introducer sheath and the target region, located ventral to the epaxial muscles at the level of the 12th thoracic vertebra. The balloon was advanced the measured distance, and placement was confirmed with fluoroscopy. The volume of iohexol solution required to inflate balloons was recorded. Histopathology was performed on the aortas of the first 5 dogs.ResultsThree catheters were placed under ultrasonographic guidance. Balloons were successfully placed into zone I in 15 of 15 cadavers. Balloons were inflated with a median 0.4 mL/kg (range, 0.21–0.67) of iohexol solution. Minor changes were identified in 2 of 5 dogs examined with histopathology (linear defects in 1 dog, small focal dissection in the other).ConclusionA balloon for REBOA was consistently placed in the target zone I without fluoroscopic guidance.Clinical significanceFluoroscopy may not be required for zone I REBOA in dogs. Additional studies are warranted to evaluate the feasibility of REBOA in clinical dogs with hemoperitoneum.
Comparison of initial leak pressures after single‐ and double‐layer cystotomy closure with barbed and nonbarbed monofilament suture material in an ex vivo ovine model
Authors: Duffy Daniel J. , Kindra Cameron G. , Moore George E. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo compare initial leakage pressure after double‐layer inverting and single‐layer appositional closures with unidirectional barbed suture or an analogous monofilament absorbable suture in an ex vivo ovine model.Study designExperimental study.Sample populationOvine cadaveric bladders (n = 48).MethodsA 4‐cm ventral cystotomy was performed in each bladder. Bladders were randomly divided into 4 groups (n = 12 each group) and sutured in an open setting with a single‐layer appositional or a double‐layer inverting pattern of unidirectional 2–0 barbed or an analogous monofilament suture. Intraluminal pressure at initial leakage and leakage location were recorded. Analysis of variance was used to compare initial leak pressure between the 4 groups (P< .05).ResultsOvine urinary bladders closed with double‐layer inverting closures leaked at intraluminal pressures about twofold greater than bladders closed with single‐layer appositional closures (P< .0001) whether barbed or nonbarbed suture was used (P≥ .987). Bladders most commonly leaked at the suture hole after single‐layer closure. Bladders that had been repaired with a double‐layer closure leaked at the knot in nonbarbed closures or at the preconstructed end loop in barbed closures.ConclusionDouble‐layer closure increased leakage pressures compared with single‐layer closures, irrespective of the suture type used.Clinical significanceThis study provides evidence to support double‐layer rather than single‐layer closure of cystotomies in clinical cases. The use of barbed suture may be suitable for cystorrhaphy in sheep.
Factors affecting the duration of anesthesia and surgery of canine and feline gonadectomies performed by veterinary students in a year‐long preclinical surgery laboratory
Authors: Shaver Stephanie L. , Larrosa Matias , Hofmeister Erik H. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo determine factors affecting the duration of canine and feline gonadectomies performed by second‐year veterinary students.Study designRetrospective study of 1288 gonadectomies.Sample populationOne hundred ninety‐four second‐year veterinary students in a 24‐week veterinary surgical teaching laboratory.MethodsSurgical and anesthetic records were analyzed and arranged by primary surgeon in chronological order. Species, sex, weight, body condition score, occurrence of an intraoperative complication, and order of sequential cases in the year performed by the primary surgeon were assessed for their influence on anesthesia, surgery, and preparation times.ResultsEach student performed an average of 6.6 (±1.08) gonadectomies over 24 weeks. Dogs, females, increasing weight, intraoperative complications, and earlier sequential cases were associated with longer duration of surgery and anesthesia. These factors accounted for 50% and 59% of anesthetic and surgical time variance, respectively. The rate of intraoperative complications did not change across time but was higher during canine ovariohysterectomies. Duration of anesthesia and surgery for canine orchiectomy decreased by 29 and 21 minutes, respectively, and for canine ovariohysterectomy decreased by 16 and 12 minutes, respectively, over 24 weeks without reaching a learning plateau.ConclusionSpecies, sex, weight, complications, and earlier sequential cases influenced duration of anesthesia and surgery.Clinical significanceBy establishing a baseline for duration of student‐performed surgeries and describing the relative impact of factors influencing duration, students and educators may be able to set goals for student improvement during teaching laboratories.
Application of Fractional Scaling Analysis for Development and Design of Integral Effects Test Facility
Authors: Dzodzo Milorad B. , Oriolo Francesco , Ambrosini Walter , Ricotti Marco , Grgic Davor , Ferri Roberta , Achilli Andrea , Bianchi Fosco , Meloni Paride 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to present a fractional scaling analysis (FSA) application for a system with interacting components where multiple figures of merits need to be respected during complex transient accident scenario with several consecutive time sequences. This paper presents FSA application to the International Reactor Innovative and Secure (IRIS) reactor and Simulatore Pressurizzato per Esperienze di Sicurezza 3 (SPES3) integral effects test (IET) facility. The FSA was applied for the small break loss of coolant accident (SBLOCA) on the direct vessel injection (DVI) line as the most challenging transient scenario. The FSA methodologies were applied for two figures of merits: (1) reactor and containment vessels pressure responses, and (2) reactor vessel water collapsed level response. The space decomposition was performed first. The reactor vessel and containment vessel were divided in components so that important phenomena and their consequences can be evaluated in each of them. After that, the time decomposition in consecutive time sequences was performed for the considered transient (DVI SBLOCA) based on the starts, or ends, of the defining events. The configuration of the system in each time sequence might be different and dependent on the control system actions connecting, or disconnecting, various components of the system due to the valves openings, or closings. This way, the important phenomena and their consequences can be evaluated for each component and time sequence. Also, this paper presents and discusses options for deriving nondimensional groups and calculation of distortions between prototype and model responses for complex transients containing multiple consecutive time sequences. The input data for scaling analysis are based on the results of RELAP/GOTHIC analysis performed for IRIS and RELAP analysis performed for SPES3. The scaling analysis was applied iteratively several times for different IRIS and SPES3 configurations. Based on the intermediate results, some components in the IRIS and SPES3 were redesigned so that the distortions between IRIS and SPES3 responses are decreased.
Complications and risk factors for severe outcome in children with measles
Authors: Lo Vecchio Andrea , Krzysztofiak Andrzej , Montagnani Carlotta , Valentini Piero , Rossi Nadia , Garazzino Silvia , Raffaldi Irene , Di Gangi Maria , Esposito Susanna , Vecchi Barbara , Melzi Maria Luisa , Lanari Marcello , Zavarise Giorgio , Bosis Samantha , Valenzise Mariella , Cazzato Salvatore , Sacco Michele , Govoni Maria Rita , Mozzo Elena , Cambriglia Maria Donata , Bruzzese Eugenia , Di Camillo Chiara , Pata Davide , Graziosi Alessandro , Sala Debora , Magurano Fabio , Villani Alberto , Guarino Alfredo , Galli Luisa 
Published: January 2019

Objective and designRisk factors for severe measles are poorly investigated in high-income countries. The Italian Society for Paediatric Infectious Diseases conducted a retrospective study in children hospitalised for measles from January 2016 to August 2017 to investigate the risk factors for severe outcome defined by the presence of long-lasting sequelae, need of intensive care or death.ResultsNineteen hospitals enrolled 249 children (median age 14.5 months): 207 (83%) children developed a complication and 3 (1%) died. Neutropaenia was more commonly reported in children with B3-genotype compared with other genotypes (29.5% vs 7.7%, p=0.01). Pancreatitis (adjusted OR [aOR] 9.19, p=0.01) and encephalitis (aOR 7.02, p=0.04) were related to severe outcome in multivariable analysis, as well as C reactive protein (CRP) (aOR 1.1, p=0.028), the increase of which predicted severe outcome (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve 0.67, 95% CI 0.52 to 0.82). CRP values >2 mg/dL were related to higher risk of complications (OR 2.0, 95% CI 1.15 to 3.7, p=0.01) or severe outcome (OR 4.13, 95% CI 1.43 to 11.8, p<0.01).ConclusionThe risk of severe outcome in measles is independent of age and underlying conditions, but is related to the development of organ complications and may be predicted by CRP value.