bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Computational investigation of slot jet impinging on a heated flat plate using low-Reynolds number modeling
Authors: Kumar Rathore Sushil , Singh Rathore Sanjay , Singh Sudarshan 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The present work reports the computational investigation of turbulent slot jet impinging on a heated plate subjected to isothermal and isoflux boundary conditions. The eddy viscosity based 2-equation low-Reynolds number k − ε model of Yang and Shih has been considered. Low-Reynolds number (LRN) modeling employ near-wall integration which solves the entire boundary layer using very find grid near the wall to handle the sharp gradient of variables prevailing in these regions. The Reynolds number of jet at the inlet is 9900 and the non-dimensional distance between the top and bottom plate i.e. H/w is 7.5. The variation of centerline axial velocity, variation of local maximum axial velocity, profile of non-dimensional wall shear stress along impingement and confinement wall, distribution of local Nusselt number along impingement wall and confinement wall, and distribution of Reynolds shear stress in the domain are discussed.
Anaerobic Digestion of Vegetable, Fruit and Cafeteria Wastes with Cow Dung by Chemical Pretreatment for Biogas Production in Batch Digester
Authors: Sandhu Sonam , Kaushal Rajneesh 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Co-processing of organic product, vegetable and cafeteria squander with cow manure by mean of pretreated chemically under anaerobic condition for research facility scale creation of biogas was under taken. The pH and temperature ranges for this investigation were 5.5 – 7.1 and 40°C-50°C, respectively under hydraulic retention time of 42 days. The objective of this research work was to fructify the execution of biological products, vegetable and cafeteria waste in batch anaerobic digester for biogas production.
Tribological Characterization of Cu-Ni Metal Matrix Composites Using MoS2 Nano- lubricant
Authors: Firdos Ali Md , Wani M.F. , Banday Summera , Parveez Bisma , Junaid Mir M. , Mushtaq S. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
In this study, Cu-5wt.%Ni and Cu-10wt.%Ni two metal matrix of copper having 5%,10% of Ni, reinforced with divergent percentages of titanium carbide (0, 3, 6, and 9wt.%) were synthesized with the help of high-energy ball milling, compaction, sintering. The coefficient friction and wear characteristic were examined at various normal loads of 30N, 60N, 90N, and 120 N, at fixed sliding speed of 0.25 m/s against a harder counter face made of steel, EN8 (HRC 46 - 48) ball under boundary lubrication using a ball-on-disk test equipment. The Cu10wt.%Ni-3TiC composite has a higher value of micro-hardness of 117(HV) and sintered density of 8.036gm/cm3 at 3wt% of TiC. The wear rate and coefficient of friction have been elaborated on the basis of micro-hardness and presence of nano MoS2 in lubricant. At 3wt% TiC in metal matrix have optimum performance of friction and wear caused. The wear mechanism of the Cu5Ni and Cu10Ni metal matrix was a combination of adhesive and oxidative wear and composites had mainly abrasive wear.
Study of effects of various parameter on thermal efficiency of porous burner with kerosene pressure stove
Authors: Sagar Sinha Gyan , Muthukumar P 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Energy scarcity and pollutants emission are the main concern for world. It is mandatory to develop a device to tackle the energy crisis and pollutants emissions. This paper covers about the thermal demonstration of porous burner with pressure kerosene stove in terms thermal efficiency. This paper also discusses about the effect of vessel diameter and on thermal efficiency. Effects of gap between vessel’s bottoms to burner’s surface on thermal efficiency also have been discussed in this paper. Porous burner with kerosene stove enhance 15 % thermal efficiency as compared to conventional kerosene pressure stove. Maximum thermal efficiency obtained at lower input power. Parametric study have been done in certain operating condition like room temperature, stable combustion, lower power input etc.
Rub impact response analysis of Jeffcott rotor for simply supported end conditions and fluid film bearings: a comparative study
Authors: Kumar Ranjeet , Bhore Skylab P 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
In this paper, a comparative study on rub-impact responses of rotor for simply supported end conditions and fluid film bearings is presented. A 2 degree of freedom (dof) Jeffcott rotor model is used. Fluid film bearing is modelled using short bearing approach given by Ocvirk theory. Stiffness damping coefficients of the bearings are incorporated in the rotor equation of motion. The equation of motion is solved by using Runge-Kutta numerical integration method. Rub-impact responses are analysed by using Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) and orbit plots. It is found that with compare to simply supported end conditions 6X, 7X, 8X and 9X frequency components are absent in the Y direction response at operating speed ω = 1.3ωn for the rotor supported on fluid film bearings. In addition, 2X and 3X frequency components are present in the Z direction response at operating speed ω = 1.3ωn.
Fabrication of AA2014 with B4C and Graphite hybrid composite by Stir-casting method: study of mechanical and welding properties
Authors: Sekar K. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Aluminium metal matrix composites have high strength to lightweight ratio. The AA2014/B4C/Graphite Hybrid Composites fabricated with different wt. % of reinforcement by stir casting. The Welding and Mechanical properties of hybrid composites were studied, and those results revealed that the SEM microstructure had shown the uniform dispersion of the reinforcement particles in the AA2014 with the addition of reinforced B4C and Graphite particles. The impact strength of the composite material is increased from 20 joules to 25 joules in the case of Izod test. Increase the tensile strength of welded composites up to 15.64% compared to base alloys. The hardness increased before welding 12.98% and after welding 38.32% compared to base alloys.
Design of controllers for omnidirectional robot based on the ystem identification technique for trajectory tracking
Authors: Amudhan A N , Sakthivel P , Sudheer A P , Sunil Kumar T K 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Omnidirectional wheeled mobile robots are gaining a lot of importance owing to its widespread applications in healthcare, industries and various other service sectors. Most of these applications demand the mobile base to track the desired trajectory with the desired speed, optimal time and energy consumption. This work focusses on the trajectory tracking of the four-wheeled mobile robot with omnidirectional wheels. Most of the existing works make use of the models developed using first principles but in this work, system modeling is carried out by the system identification technique using the data obtained from the fabricated mobile base. Trajectory tracking is then carried out using PID and Linear Quadratic Tracking (LQT) based controllers. The simulation results are compared for tracking errors and energy consumption and the results obtained in real time are presented.
Finite Element Modelling of Temperature in Machining of Duplex Stainless Steel (DSS) 2205
Authors: Subhash N , Prakash Marimuthu K , Jagadeesha T 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Duplex stainless steels (DSSs) are a group of austenitic – ferritic stainless steels featuring an excellent resistance to corrosion and mechanical strength, which makes them the most suitable material to be used in highly corrosive environments. The superior chemical and mechanical properties of DSSs are a result of excessive alloying which renders them very poor machinability. Low machinability combined with high hardness of DSSs generate high temperatures during machining. Exposure to elevated temperatures induces embrittlement, the formation of unwanted intermetallic precipitates and microstructural changes. The high amount of heat generated also shortens the tool life, leads to higher surface roughness and dimensional sensitivity. Hence it is important to study the temperature distribution generated during machining of DSS. In this work, Finite Element modelling and simulation (ABAQUS) for orthogonal and oblique cutting of DSS 2205 was developed using explicit temperature dynamic analysis and meshing was based on Lagrangian formulation. Johnson-Cook material model has been utilized for defining flow stress of the work material. The model developed was validated by experiments conducted using coated WC cutting inserts and the temperatures were measured using thermal camera and thermocouple setup. It was found that the simulated values were able to follow the pattern of the experimental results. The change in temperature distribution due to the coating on the tool was studied.
Behavioral analysis and availability optimization of complex repairable industrial system using particle swarm optimization
Authors: Kumar Amit , Kumar Vinod , Modgil Vikas 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The complexity in industrial system design under specific practical constraints has a great impact on the range of prediction in system behavior. The data collected in such conditions lead to the high range of uncertainties and the consequence is a possibility of low system performance. Thus, the main objective of the present study is to analyze the system behavior and remove the uncertainties up to the desired accuracy. For this, the mathematical formulation of the system is carried out using probabilistic approach i. e. Markov process. The input failure and repair rate parameters of various sub-systems used in the mathematical expression are considered as constant and statistically independent. Further, the particle swarm optimization (PSO) technique has been used to optimize the system performance in order to improve the system efficiency. A complex repairable system of ton container manufacturing plant has been considered to demonstrate the effectiveness of proposed methodology.
Role of Co-Solvent in the Super Critical Esterification process of Bio-Diesel Production through Karanja oil
Authors: Shekhar Singh Chandra , Kumar Naveen 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Biofuel is necessity for the today’s era for developing country like India to fulfil its growing energy demand and concern towards the environment pollution. Bio fuel production involve following major steps such as preparation of feed stock, selection of conversion technology and the up-gradation techniques. Conventional method of bio diesel production is of time consuming and sensitive to the feed stock quality. And due to these limitations in conventional esterification processes, Supercritical Esterification has now become one of the most attractive conversion technologies for bio diesel production due to its flexibility towards the feed stock quality, high conversion rate and fast reaction time. Although, it is costlier process as compare to the conventional processes because of its extreme condition of pressure and temperature requirement. So in the present study, the Super Critical Trans-esterification of Karanja (Pongamia Pinnata) oil with Methanol is investigated. And the effect of co-solvent on the reaction condition is studied. It has been observed from the results that use of co-solvent could be a potential means to reduce the critical condition required in the Super Critical Esterification process for the bio diesel production.
Friction Stir Welding of Dissimilar Aluminum Alloys AA5086 and AA7039
Authors: Sharma Chaitanya , Upadhyay Vikas 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Friction stir welding of dissimilar aluminum alloys AA5086 and AA7039 were carried out and results are presented. The specific attention was given to microstructure evolution in welds after dissimilar friction stir welding. Single pass, dissimilar butt welds were made using optimized parameters and threaded cylindrical tool, keeping AA5086 plate on retreating side. Integrity of welds was assessed by visual inspection. Initial microstructure of base metals was transformed and zones specific to friction stir welding were observed in stir zone. Microstructure was heterogeneous in the stir zone. The transition boundary had large population of strengthening precipitates than region rich in Zn or Mg. The selected dissimilar aluminum alloys are weldable by friction stir welding with attractive weld properties.
Effect of argon flow rate and standoff distance on the microstructure and wear behaviour of WC-CoCr TIG cladding
Authors: Singh Jasbir , Thakur Lalit , Angra Surjit 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This study examines the micro-hardness and abrasive wear resistance of WC-CoCr cladding produced by tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding process. The effect of argon flow rate and standoff distance on the microstructure and properties of the cladding was also investigated. The morphology of WC-CoCr powder and its corresponding claddings was examined by FE- SEM analysis. The tribological behaviour of cladding was analysed by using pin-on-disc wear tribometer. High hardness and wear resistance were observed at higher values of standoff distance and argon flow rate. Wear in the cladding is mainly due to pull out of tungsten carbide particles along with plastic flow caused by yielding and extrusion of CoCr binder.
Hygrothermal degradation of mechanical properties of nanoclay based stainless steel and glass fibre-epoxy laminate
Authors: Singh S , Angra S 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Fibre metal laminates (FML’s) are the multilayer composite laminates of metallic sheets and fibre reinforced plastic (FRP) composites. The stacking sequence of metallic sheets and FRP prepregs in FML’s vary as per the type of fibre metal laminate and its application. FML’s are the most suitable materials for shipbuilding, aerospace and aeronautical structural use due to better mechanical properties over traditional materials. In the present research, the mechanical properties of nanoclay based stainless steel and glass fibre-epoxy laminate (SS FML) have been investigated. Hygrothermal conditioning of specimens was performed in two aqueous environments at 40 °C and 70 °C for three months. After hygrothermal conditioning, tensile, flexural, compression and Izod impact tests were performed as per ASTM standards. It is concluded that the nanoclay addition in the epoxy matrix of SS FML improves its mechanical properties drastically. It is due to the fact that the nanoclay in the epoxy matrix improves the interfacial bonding between the composite layers. It is observed that the mechanical properties were reduced more in distilled water due to the salts available in seawater that reduces the moisture absorption in epoxy matrix of SS FML. It is also noticed that the temperature has the considerable effect on the degradation of mechanical properties. Higher temperature of water softens the epoxy, results in highest degradation in distilled water at 70°C.
Elastohydrodynamic analysis of couple stress lubricated cylindrical journal bearing
Authors: Kumar Lambha Sanjeev , Kumar Vinod , Verma Rajiv 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The elastohydrodynamic analysis of plain cylindrical rotor bearing system lubricated with couple stress fluid is performed in this paper. The hydrodynamic pressure is generated entirely by the motion of the journal and depends on the viscosity of the lubricated fluid. In this analysis the static and dynamic characteristics are analyzed against the flexibility of bearing liner. The modified Reynold equation and three dimensional elasticity equations are solved using an iterative approach. A non-dimensional parameter ‘l’ has been used for couple stress fluid. An increase in couple stress parameter with flexibility causes the enhancement of load carrying capacity. The static and dynamic characteristics of journal bearing system with flexible liner are improved with use of couple stress fluid as lubricant.
Pre and post annealing effect on dissimilar friction stir welding of Al 5083/6063 using new pedal shape pin tool
Authors: Suri A , Setia R , Raj K H 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
In the present work dissimilar friction stir welding (DFSW) is performed using a newly developed pedal shape tool at selected parameters to produce joints with good joint efficiency due to pulsating effect and superior stirring action of the tool in the nugget zone (NZ). Dissimilar Al 5083/6063 plates of 6.35mm thickness were welded using friction stir welding (FSW) at variable tool rotational speed ranging between 800 rpm to 1200 rpm and a constant feed rate of 25 mm/min and the weld joints were analysed for mechanical properties and microscopy of fractured surface. Al 5083 was kept on the advancing side during the process and results in terms of Tensile strength (TS), yield strength (YS) and hardness of nugget zone (NZ) were compared for pre- annealed (PRA) and post- annealed (POA) plates at 2500C and 3000C respectively. Defect free joint were observed at 1200 rpm for post annealed plates which represents 90% tensile strength of similar 5083/5083 with 30% increase in hardness at nugget zone. Fracture morphology analysed through scattered electron morphology (SEM) images also represents superior strength and ductility combination at 1200 rpm.
Prevalence of resistant Salmonella spp. isolated from raw meat and liver of cattle in the Wa Municipality of Ghana
Authors: Ekli R , Adzitey F , Huda N 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This study was carried out to determine the prevalence of resistant Salmonella spp. isolated from meat (beef) and liver of cattle in the Wa, Municipality of Ghana. Isolation of Salmonella spp. was done according to the USA-FDA Bacteriological Analytical Manual. Antibiotic susceptibility test was performed using the disc diffusion method and the results interpreted using the CLSI guidelines. Antibiotic residues determination was carried out using Premi®Test Kit. Liver samples 32%(16/50) were more contaminated with Salmonella spp. as compared to beef samples 30% (15/50). The Salmonella spp. were highly resistant to teicoplanin (96.77%) but susceptible to chloramphenicol (100%), ciprofloxacin (100%), tetracycline (100%), suphamethoxazole/trimethoprim (100%), amoxycillin/clavulanic acid (93.55%), ceftriaxone (93.55%) and gentamicin (83.87%). The Salmonella spp. exhibited 5 antibiotic resistant patterns with the pattern (Tec) being the commonest. Multiple antibiotic index ranged from 0.11 to 0.33. A total of 35 samples (20 beef and 15 liver samples) were examined for antibiotic residues, and 7 (20%) were positive for antibiotic residues; 6 (17%) were found in the liver while 1 (3%) was in the beef. This study revealed that salmonellae are present in beef and liver samples examined and showed high resistance to teicoplanin. Some of the beef and kidney samples harbored antibiotic residues.
Polymorphism of prolactine genes and its association with body weight in Bayang ducks, local duck from West Sumatera, Indonesia
Authors: Yurnalis  , Arnim  , Kamsa Zulkarnaini , Eka Putra Dino 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This study aims to determine the polymorphism of Prolactin (PRL | XbaI and PRL | DraI) genes in Bayang ducks using the PCR-RFLP (Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism) technique and its association with weight of ducks aged 1-10 weeks. This study used 200 Bayang duck blood samples consisting of 102 male ducks (♂) and 98 female ducks (♀). DNA from blood samples was isolated using the Genomic DNA Purifification Kit (Promega) using protocol from the manucfacture. The DNA was then amplified using two primers with F: 5′-AAA TTC CCT CTC ACA GTT ACA-3′ and R: 5′-GAT GCA GAG ACA AGT TTC ACC-3′ and F: 5′-GAATAGAACACTTGACCCTG-3′ and R: 5′-TAGAGGAGGCAAGCATAG-3′ which produces fragments with a length of 416 bp and 566 bp. Restriction with XbaI enzymes that recognized the binding site (5-TT CTAGA-3′) resulted 3 genotypes: homozygote (+/+), heterozygote (+/−) and homozygote (−/−) with frequencies 0.455, 0.495 and 0.050 respectively and with frequency allel (+) 0.702 and frequency allel (−) 0.297. While the results of the restriction with enzyme DraI found three types of genotypes, namely (+/+), (+/−) and (−/−) with frequencies of 0.64, 0.35 and 0.01 respectively with frequency allel (+) 0.82 and allele frequencies (−) 0.18. From the results of the analysis, it was found that there was no relationship between these two diversity and weight ducks of duck.
The prevalence and risk factor of gastrointestinal nematode infestation in cattle based on the environmental conditions of the farming locations in Aceh Province
Authors: Zulfikar  , Umar S , Ferasyi T R , Tafsin M 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This study was conducted to determine the prevalence and risk factor of gastrointestinal nematode infestation (GIN) in cattle based on environmental conditions, i.e., elevated altitude locations in Aceh Province. Cross-sectional surveys were conducted in the Districts of Gayo Lues and East Aceh, representing high altitude location (HAE) and low altitude location (LAE), respectively. A total of 64 samples (HAE) and 93 (LAE) samples were randomly collected from selected cattle. Fecal samples were examined with the centrifuge technique, and McMaster-counting chamber was used for egg count per gram feces (EPGF). Data obtained were analyzed for GIN infestation prevalence and risk factors based on the calculation of the Odds Ratio (OR). The results revealed that 14 HAE samples (21.9%, CI 13.5-33.43) and 35 LAE samples (37.6%: CI 28.46-47.79) were positive. Then, the number of EPGF in the GIN was significantly lower in the HAE (in average at 567 eggs/grams feces) compared to the LAE (an average at 669 eggs/grams feces) (P<0.005). The results of the OR calculation showed that the factor of raising cattle in LAE location significantly increased the risk of GIN infestation which was about 2.16 times higher than that of HAE location ((P<0.05). In conclusion, the LAE location for raising cattle is a risk factor for higher prevalence of GIN infestation in Aceh Province.
Macro minerals (Ca, P, Mg and K) concentration mixed of elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum) CV. Taiwan and Legume Indigofera zollingeriana
Authors: Evitayani  , Khalil  , Warly Lili , Kawamura Kensuke 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This study aims to determine the content of macro minerals (Ca, P, Mg and K) of Elephant grass CV. Taiwan and Legumes of Indigofera zollingeriana are grown mixed with different doses of N fertilizer on land that was given Fungi Mycorrhizae of Arbuskula (FMA). This research was conducted by planting grass and Indigofera in the land by different N fertilizer: 0% N, 25% N, 50% N, 75% N. The measured parameters are macro mineral contents of Ca, P, Mg and K. Statistical Analysis calculated by the method of randomized block design with 4 treatments and 3 replications. The results showed that the treatment effect is not significant (P> 0.05) on the content of macro minerals (Ca, P, Mg and K) of elephant grass CV. Taiwan and Legume Indigofera. The mineral content of elephant grass CV. Taiwan ranged from of Ca: 5.6 to 6.6, P: 3.2 to 3.6, Mg: 2.9 to 3.5, K: 5.0 to 5.8 g/Kg DM, respectively. While, macro minerals of legume Indigofera was ranged from of Ca: 4.1 to 4.9, P: 4.0 to 4.3, Mg: 2.8 to 3.0, K: 4.4 to 5.4 g/Kg DM, respectively. From the results of this study concluded that different doses of fertilizer N up to a dose of 75% gives the same result by giving N 0% to macro mineral (Ca, P, Mg and K) of elephant grass CV. Taiwan and Legume Indigofera.