bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of maxillary buccal alveolar bone before and after orthodontic alignment without extractions: A cone beam computed tomographic study
Authors: Morais Juliana F. , Melsen Birte , de Freitas Karina M. S. , Castello Branco Nuria , Garib Daniela G. , Cattaneo Paolo M. 
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACT

Objectives:
To assess the changes in the maxillary buccal alveolar bone during alignment without extractions. Secondarily, to evaluate the changes in arch dimensions and buccolingual inclinations of teeth and to identify risk factors for bone loss.

Materials and Methods:
Twenty-two adolescents with crowded permanent dentitions were treated without extractions with Damon 3MX brackets. Cone beam computed tomographic scans were taken before treatment (T0) and after alignment (T1). Bone thickness (BT) and height from the cementoenamel junction to the alveolar crest (BH) were evaluated at the maxillary central incisors, second premolars, and buccal roots of first molars. Changes in all variables from T0 to T1 were assessed. Correlations between bone changes and initial bone thickness, initial arch widths, initial crowding, amount of expansion, amount of tipping, and amount of molar rotation were calculated.

Results:
BT decreased and BH increased significantly for the incisors and mesiobuccal root of the first molars. Arch dimensions generally increased together with tipping. Bone loss was correlated with crowding and amount of expansion in the premolar region. Initially thinner BT was correlated with greater apical migration of bone for the incisors.

Conclusions:
Nonextraction alignment with self-ligating brackets led to arch expansion associated with tipping of teeth. Expansion related to alignment resulted in horizontal and vertical bone loss at the incisors and mesiobuccal root of the first molars. Thinner BTs and more severe crowding before treatment increased the risk for buccal bone loss.
Treatment of Class III malocclusion using miniscrew-anchored inverted Forsus FRD: Controlled clinical trial
Authors: Eissa Osama , ElShennawy Mahmoud , Gaballah Safaa , ElMehy Ghada , El-Bialy Tarek 
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACT

Objectives:
To evaluate the skeletal, dental, and soft tissue changes after the use of miniscrew-anchored inverted Forsus fatigue-resistant device (FRD) in treatment of Class III malocclusion.

Materials and Methods:
In this controlled clinical trial, 16 patients (9 girls and 7 boys; age 12.45 ± 0.87 years) were consecutively treated with miniscrew-anchored inverted Forsus FRD. This group was compared with a matched control group of 16 untreated patients (8 girls and 8 boys; age 11.95 ± 1.04 years). Miniscrews were inserted bilaterally between the maxillary canine and first premolar. Forsus FRD was selected and inserted in an inverted manner mesial to the mandibular headgear tube and distal to the maxillary canine bracket.

Results:
Class I molar and canine relationships with positive overjet were achieved in an average period of 6.4 ± 1.46 months. Maxillary forward growth showed a statistically significant increase (SNA°: 1.73 ± 0.53, P &lt; .5), maxillary incisor proclination was statistically significant (U1 to NA°: −0.39 ± 0.33, P &gt; .5), and the lower incisors exhibited significant retroclination (L1 to NB°: 1.65 ± 0.83, P &lt; .5). Significant lower lip retrusion and upper lip protrusion were obvious treatment outcomes (P &lt; .5).

Conclusions:
The use of miniscrew-anchored inverted FRD could effectively increase maxillary forward growth, but it did not prevent mesial movement of the maxillary dentition. Significant lower incisor retroclination was observed. Significant esthetic improvement of the facial profile was achieved primarily because of lower lip retrusion and upper lip protrusion.
Oral and dental anomalies in purebred, brachycephalic Persian and Exotic cats
Authors: Mestrinho Lisa A. , Louro João M. , Gordo Iněs S. , Niza Maria M. R. E. , Requicha João F. , Force Judith G. , Gawor Jerzy P. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the prevalence of dental anomalies in brachycephalic cats from various geographic regions and analyze potential relationships with oral disease.
DESIGN Prospective multicenter cross-sectional study.
ANIMALS 50 purebred Persian (n = 42) and Exotic (8) cats.
PROCEDURES Cats were anesthetized, and a complete dental examination, dental charting, 3-view oral photography, and full-mouth dental radiography were performed.
RESULTS Malocclusions were observed in 36 (72%) cats. Crowding of the teeth was evident in 28 (56%) cats, with the incisors being most commonly affected. Malpositioned teeth were noted in 32 (64%) cats, with abnormal orientation being the most common anomaly followed by rotation and impaction. Numerical abnormalities were present in 38 (76%) cats, including 6 (12%) with hyperdontia and 32 (64%) with hypodontia. Periodontal disease was reported in 44 (88%) cats, and cats with periodontal disease were older than cats without. Tooth resorption was evident in 35 (70%) cats. Overall, 123 of 1,349 (8.7%) teeth had external inflammatory resorption and 82 (6.1%) had external replacement resorption. The premolar teeth were the teeth most commonly affected with inflammatory resorption, whereas the canine teeth were the teeth most commonly affected with replacement resorption.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results suggested that because of their brachycephaly, Persian and Exotic cats have unique oral and dental features that may predispose them to dental disease (eg, tooth resorption and periodontal disease). Knowledge of the particular dental anomalies common in brachycephalic cats could aid in early detection and mitigation of dental disease in these breeds.
Is It Truly Improvisational Exercise Push Students’ Speaking Ability
Authors: Aswad Muhammad 
Published: June 2018

Improvisational exercises is a technique which consist three steps, they are preparation, modelling, and playing, that is preparation the teacher presents exercises, the students practice (modelling), and then procedure (playing)and the it provides three main goals; (1) the students pronounciation improve, (2) proper use of grammatical structure is reinforced, (3) vocabulary practice in enhanced. With this background, this research was quasi-experimental, with non-equivalent control group design. The sample consisted of two classes of students enrolled in 2013/2014 academic year, which one group was taken to be an experimental and the other to be a control group. The data obtained through the test were analysed by using statistical analysis. In conducting the research, the researcher used improvisational exercise technique to evaluate the students’ speaking performance which covered by three components of speaking, such as: fluency, accuracy, and comprehensibility. The research findings shows thatthe use of improvisational exercise technique (presentation, modelling, and playing) in teaching speaking can improve the speaking performance of the eight year students of SMP Negeri 2 Majene significantly after being given treatment. The mean score of experimental group in post-test and control group were significantly different. The mean score of post-test in experimental group (3.36) was higher than control group (3.00).Thus, it is recomended for all English teacher to improve the students ability in speaking.
The Effectiveness of Suggestopedia Method with Wordwall Picture in Increasing Vocabulary Mastery with Learning Disabilities
Authors: Merlin D Merlin D , Larekeng Siti Hajar 
Published: June 2018

This study investigates the effects of Suggestopedia method with wordwall picture in increase the vocabulary mastery students of SMPLB Negeri Parepare in academic year 2016/ 2017. This method engages the students’ attentions and various fun learning activities which decreased the students’ boredom during their learning. Wordwall picture provides the students’ illustrations and ideas in their minds. It applied mixed methods research design quantitative and qualitative approaches with single group interrupted time-series design. The population are who students with learning disabilities of SMPLB Parepare in academic year 2016/2017 which consist of 11 students and the sample constitútes consist of 5 students. This research used sampling as a technique of sampling. Based on the quantitative analysis, the result showed that 1) student test were significant accorbing to the questionnaire, the result show thet the students motivation incresed. It means that suggestopedia method with wordwall picture affected the students vocebulary mastery in learning. The result also proved that students interest in learning english has a significant relationship or influence with students vocebulary score. 2) The qualitative data from questionnaire showed that students’ motivation increased. It means that Suggestopedia method with wordwall picture affected the students vocabulary, mastery in learning, it proved that Suggestopedia Method with Wordwall Picture able to increase the interest in learning English of the students with disabilities learning of SMPLB Parepare;
Réseau national Réa-Raisin de surveillance des infections acquises en réanimation adulte
Authors: Lepape A. , Machut A. , Savey A. ,   Comité de Réa-Raisin
Published: June 2018

Les patients de réanimation sont parmi les plus exposés aux infections secondaires, en particulier du fait de la présence de dispositifs invasifs et de la gravité de leur état.Objectifs: Décrire le réseau Réa-Raisin, réseau de surveillance des infections acquises en réanimation adulte en France, et les principaux résultats.Méthodes: Il s’agit d’une surveillance par patient, avec recueil de caractéristiques individuelles, de l’exposition aux dispositifs invasifs et des infections liées à l’intubation et aux cathéters. Les caractéristiques de cette surveillance sont : surveillance perannuelle depuis 2015, inclusion après un séjour de 48 heures au moins et suivi limité au séjour de réanimation. Les définitions des infections ont été établies par consensus et sont disponibles sur le site de Santé publique France ; elles sont compatibles avec les définitions européennes de l’European Centre for Disease Control and Prevention.Résultats: Depuis 2004, 362 066 patients ont été surveillés, représentant plus de 45 % des lits de réanimation. Les caractéristiques des patients révèlent une légère augmentation de la gravité. On note également une nette augmentation de l’utilisation du site jugulaire interne et une diminution récente du taux d’intubation. L’infection la plus fréquente est l’infection pulmonaire devant les bactériémies liées aux cathéters. L’écologie bactérienne s’est modifiée avec une diminution des infections àStaphylococcus aureusrésistant à la méticilline et une augmentation des entérobactéries productrices de BLSE.Conclusion: Les données du réseau Réa-Raisin constituent une référence à la fois au niveau national, avec près de 50 % des lits de réanimation en France et au niveau local, permettant à chaque service de suivre ses résultats.
Temporal Evolution of Calcite Surface Dissolution Kinetics
Authors: Bibi Irshad , Arvidson Rolf S. , Fischer Cornelius , Lüttge Andreas 
Published: June 2018

This brief paper presents a rare dataset: a set of quantitative, topographic measurements of a dissolving calcite crystal over a relatively large and fixed field of view (~400 μm2) and long total reaction time (>6 h). Using a vertical scanning interferometer and patented fluid flow cell, surface height maps of a dissolving calcite crystal were produced by periodically and repetitively removing reactant fluid, rapidly acquiring a height dataset, and returning the sample to a wetted, reacting state. These reaction-measurement cycles were accomplished without changing the crystal surface position relative to the instrument’s optic axis, with an approximate frequency of one data acquisition per six minutes’ reaction (~10/h). In the standard fashion, computed differences in surface height over time yield a detailed velocity map of the retreating surface as a function of time. This dataset thus constitutes a near-continuous record of reaction, and can be used to both understand the relationship between changes in the overall dissolution rate of the surface and the morphology of the surface itself, particularly the relationship of (a) large, persistent features (e.g., etch pits related to screw dislocations; (b) small, short-lived features (e.g., so-called pancake pits probably related to point defects); (c) complex features that reflect organization on a large scale over a long period of time (i.e., coalescent “super” steps), to surface normal retreat and step wave formation. Although roughly similar in frequency of observation to an in situ atomic force microscopy (AFM) fluid cell, this vertical scanning interferometry (VSI) method reveals details of the interaction of surface features over a significantly larger scale, yielding insight into the role of various components in terms of their contribution to the cumulative dissolution rate as a function of space and time.
Impact of rurality on processes and outcomes in melanoma care: results from a whole-Scotland melanoma cohort in primary and secondary care
Authors: Murchie Peter , Adam Rosalind , Khor Wei L , Raja Edwin A , Iversen Lisa , Brewster David H , Lee Amanda J 
Published: June 2018

BackgroundThose living in rural areas have poorer cancer outcomes, but current evidence on how rurality impacts melanoma care and survival is contradictory.AimTo investigate the impact of rurality on setting of melanoma excision and mortality in a whole-nation cohort.Design and settingAnalysis of linked routine healthcare data comprising every individual in Scotland diagnosed with melanoma, January 2005–December 2013, in primary and secondary care.MethodMultivariate binary logistic regression was used to explore the relationship between rurality and setting of melanoma excision; Cox proportional hazards regression between rurality and mortality was used, with adjustments for key confounders.ResultsIn total 9519 patients were included (54.3% [n = 5167] female, mean age 60.2 years [SD 17.5]). Of melanomas where setting of excision was known, 90.3% (n = 8598) were in secondary care and 8.1% (n = 771) in primary care. Odds of primary care excision increased with increasing rurality/remoteness. Compared with those in urban areas, those in the most remote rural locations had almost twice the odds of melanoma excision in primary care (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.92; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.33 to 2.77). No significant association was found between urban or rural residency and all-cause mortality. Melanoma-specific mortality was significantly lower in individuals residing in accessible small towns than in large urban areas (adjusted hazards ratio [HR] 0.53; 95% CI = 0.33 to 0.87) with no trend towards poorer survival with increasing rurality.ConclusionPatients in Scottish rural locations were more likely to have a melanoma excised in primary care. However, those in rural areas did not have significantly increased mortality from melanoma. Together these findings suggest that current UK melanoma management guidelines could be revised to be more realistic by recognising the role of primary care in the prompt diagnosis and treatment of those in rural locations.
Global Climate and Atmospheric Composition of the Ultra-hot Jupiter WASP-103b from HST and Spitzer Phase Curve Observations
Authors: Kreidberg Laura , Line Michael R. , Parmentier Vivien , Stevenson Kevin B. , Louden Tom , Bonnefoy Mickäel , Faherty Jacqueline K. , Henry Gregory W. , Williamson Michael H. , Stassun Keivan , Beatty Thomas G. , Bean Jacob L. , Fortney Jonathan J. , Showman Adam P. , Désert Jean-Michel , Arcangeli Jacob 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
We present thermal phase curve measurements for the hot Jupiter WASP-103b observed with Hubble/WFC3 and Spitzer/IRAC. The phase curves have large amplitudes and negligible hotspot offsets, indicative of poor heat redistribution to the nightside. We fit the phase variation with a range of climate maps and find that a spherical harmonics model generally provides the best fit. The phase-resolved spectra are consistent with blackbodies in the WFC3 bandpass, with brightness temperatures ranging from 1880 ± 40 K on the nightside to 2930 ± 40 K on the dayside. The dayside spectrum has a significantly higher brightness temperature in the Spitzer bands, likely due to CO emission and a thermal inversion. The inversion is not present on the nightside. We retrieved the atmospheric composition and found that it is moderately metal-enriched (

) and the carbon-to-oxygen ratio is below 0.9 at 3σ confidence. In contrast to cooler hot Jupiters, we do not detect spectral features from water, which we attribute to partial H2O dissociation. We compare the phase curves to 3D general circulation models and find that magnetic drag effects are needed to match the data. We also compare the WASP-103b spectra to brown dwarfs and young, directly imaged companions. We find that these objects have significantly larger water features, indicating that surface gravity and irradiation environment play an important role in shaping the spectra of hot Jupiters. These results highlight the 3D structure of exoplanet atmospheres and illustrate the importance of phase curve observations for understanding their complex chemistry and physics.
Ultraviolet Observations of Coronal Mass Ejection Impact on Comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko by Rosetta Alice
Authors: Noonan John W. , Stern S. Alan , Feldman Paul D. , Broiles Thomas , Wedlund Cyril Simon , Edberg Niklas J. T. , Schindhelm Rebecca N. , Parker Joel Wm. , Keeney Brian A. , Vervack Jr Ronald J. , Steffl Andrew J. , Knight Matthew M. , Weaver Harold A. , Feaga Lori M. , A’Hearn Michael , Bertaux Jean-Loup 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
The Alice ultraviolet spectrograph on the European Space Agency Rosetta spacecraft observed comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko in its orbit around the Sun for just over two years. Alice observations taken in 2015 October, two months after perihelion, show large increases in the comet’s Lyβ, O i 1304, O i 1356, and C i 1657 Å atomic emission that initially appeared to indicate gaseous outbursts. However, the Rosetta Plasma Consortium instruments showed a coronal mass ejection (CME) impact at the comet coincident with the emission increases, suggesting that the CME impact may have been the cause of the increased emission. The presence of the semi-forbidden O i 1356 Å emission multiplet is indicative of a substantial increase in dissociative electron impact emission from the coma, suggesting a change in the electron population during the CME impact. The increase in dissociative electron impact could be a result of the interaction between the CME and the coma of 67P or an outburst coincident with the arrival of the CME. The observed dissociative electron impact emission during this period is used to characterize the O2 content of the coma at two peaks during the CME arrival. The mechanism that could cause the relationship between the CME and UV emission brightness is not well constrained, but we present several hypotheses to explain the correlation.
The Evolving Radio Photospheres of Long-period Variable Stars
Authors: Matthews L. D. , Reid M. J. , Menten K. M. , Akiyama K. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Observations with the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array at 46 GHz (λ ≈ 7 mm) have been used to measure the size and shape of the radio photospheres of four long-period variable stars: R Leonis (R Leo), IRC+10216 (CW Leonis), χ Cygni (χ Cyg), and W Hydrae (W Hya). The shapes of the stars range from nearly round to ellipticities of ∼0.15. Comparisons with observations taken several years earlier show that the photospheric parameters (mean diameter, shape, and/or flux density) of each of the stars have changed over time. Evidence for brightness asymmetries and nonuniformities across the radio surfaces is also seen in the visibility domain and in images obtained using a sparse-modeling image reconstruction technique. These trends may be explained as manifestations of large-scale irregular convective flows on the stellar surface, although effects from nonradial pulsations cannot be excluded. Our data also allow a new evaluation of the proper motion of IRC+10216. Our measurement is in agreement with previous values obtained from radio-wavelength measurements, and we find no evidence of statistically significant astrometric perturbations from a binary companion.
Effect of Transport Coefficients on Excitation of Flare-induced Standing Slow-mode Waves in Coronal Loops
Authors: Wang Tongjiang , Ofman Leon , Sun Xudong , Solanki Sami K. , Davila Joseph M. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Standing slow-mode waves have been recently observed in flaring loops by the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly of the Solar Dynamics Observatory. By means of the coronal seismology technique, transport coefficients in hot (∼10 MK) plasma were determined by Wang et al., revealing that thermal conductivity is nearly suppressed and compressive viscosity is enhanced by more than an order of magnitude. In this study, we use 1D nonlinear MHD simulations to validate the predicted results from the linear theory and investigate the standing slow-mode wave excitation mechanism. We first explore the wave trigger based on the magnetic field extrapolation and flare emission features. Using a flow pulse driven at one footpoint, we simulate the wave excitation in two types of loop models: Model 1 with the classical transport coefficients and Model 2 with the seismology-determined transport coefficients. We find that Model 2 can form the standing wave pattern (within about one period) from initial propagating disturbances much faster than Model 1, in better agreement with the observations. Simulations of the harmonic waves and the Fourier decomposition analysis show that the scaling law between damping time (τ) and wave period (P) follows τ ∝ P
2 in Model 2, while τ ∝ P in Model 1. This indicates that the largely enhanced viscosity efficiently increases the dissipation of higher harmonic components, favoring the quick formation of the fundamental standing mode. Our study suggests that observational constraints on the transport coefficients are important in understanding both the wave excitation and damping mechanisms.