bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pulsed Sagnac source of polarization-entangled photon pairs in telecommunication band
Authors: Kim Heonoh , Kwon Osung , Moon Han Seb 
Published: March 2019

AbstractWe report a source of polarization-entangled photon pairs in the 1550-nm telecommunication band, which is based on non-collinear spontaneous parametric down-conversion in a periodically poled lithium niobate crystal pumped by picosecond pulses. This source is realized utilizing a polarization-based Sagnac interferometer employing a type-0 non-collinear quasi-phase-matching configuration. Polarization entanglement is verified through measurement of the polarization-correlation interference fringes with visibility >96% and by testing the experimental violation of the Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt (CHSH) form of Bell’s inequality. The CHSH-Bell parameter S is found to be 2.72 ± 0.04, with 18 standard deviations from the statistical uncertainty.
Positive effects of the tea catechin (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate on gut bacteria and fitness of Ectropis obliqua Prout (Lepidoptera: Geometridae)
Authors: Zhang Yong , Zhao Tianyu , Deng Jundan , Zhou Xiaomin , Wu Zhenzhen , Su Qingqing , Zhang Longwa , Long Yanhua , Yang Yunqiu 
Published: March 2019

AbstractEctropis obliqua Prout (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) is the most devastating insect pest of tea plants in China and infests thousands of hectares of tea plantations in China annually. (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) is a major phenolic compound in tea leaves and has a strong antibacterial function. Here, we show that EGCG can effectively improve the fitness of E. obliqua larvae and present the reason by which EGCG promotes larval fitness. In this study, we compared the fitness difference among Control, Antibiotic and Treatment of larvae. The fitness of larvae treated with EGCG and antibiotic was similar and better than that of control group. We also demonstrated that EGCG treatment could significantly reduce species richness and abundance of gut bacteria in E. obliqua larvae. Hence that we speculate that EGCG promotes larval fitness and is associated with ECGG antimicrobial activity. In short, our study provides evidence of the E. obliqua larvae have adapted to secondary compounds found in tea leaves, and may even benefit from these compounds. Our study also contributes to a greater understanding of the reason involved in plant–insect interactions.
Regio- and stereoselective synthesis of tetra- and triarylethenes by N-methylimidodiacetyl boron-directed palladium-catalysed three-component coupling
Authors: Lin E. Emily , Wu Jia-Qiang , Schäfers Felix , Su Xiao-Xuan , Wang Ke-Feng , Li Ji-Lin , Chen Yunyun , Zhao Xin , Ti Huihui , Li Qingjiang , Ou Tian-Miao , Glorius Frank , Wang Honggen 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe flexible synthesis of tetra- and triarylethenes bearing different aryl groups has been a long-standing challenge in organic synthesis. Here we report a palladium-catalysed syn-diarylation of arylethynyl N-methyliminodiacetyl (MIDA) boronates. The products, triarylalkenyl N-methyliminodiacetyl boronates, allow a step-economic and modular synthesis of tetra- or triarylethenes via a subsequent stereospecific Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reaction or base-promoted protodeborylation, respectively. Use of the sp3-B(MIDA) masked aryl alkyne is the key factor for success by offering an exceptionally good regioselectivity for the boron-retentive coupling. The unusual regioselectivity is believed to arise from the stabilization due to the strong electron donation from the C−Pd σ bond to the p-orbital of boron in the transition state of migratory insertion. A broad range of differently substituted tetra- and triarylethenes are constructed in good yields and geometrical control. Synthetic manipulation of the C-B bond also enables the facile construction of several other types of tetra-substituted alkenes.
Synthesis of super bright indium phosphide colloidal quantum dots through thermal diffusion
Authors: Clarke Mitchell T. , Viscomi Francesco Narda , Chamberlain Thomas W. , Hondow Nicole , Adawi Ali M. , Sturge Justin , Erwin Steven C. , Bouillard Jean-Sebastien G. , Tamang Sudarsan , Stasiuk Graeme J. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractIndium phosphide based quantum dots have emerged in recent years as alternatives to traditional heavy metal (cadmium, lead) based materials suitable for biomedical application due to their non-toxic nature. The major barrier to this application, is their low photoluminescent quantum yield in aqueous environments (typically < 5%). Here we present a synthetic method for InP/ZnS quantum dots, utilizing a controlled cooling step for equilibration of zinc sulfide across the core, resulting in a photoluminescent quantum yield as high as 85% in organic solvent and 57% in aqueous media. To the best of our knowledge, this is the highest reported for indium phosphide quantum dots. DFT calculations reveal the enhancement in quantum yield is achieved by redistribution of zinc sulfide across the indium phosphide core through thermal diffusion. By eliminating the need for a glove box and relying on Schlenk line techniques, we introduce a widely accessible method for quantum dots with a realistic potential for improved biomedical applications.
Application of C6F12O/CO2 mixture in 10 kV medium‐voltage switchgear
Authors: Tian Shuangshuang , Zhang Xiaoxing , Xiao Song , Zhang Ji , Chen Qi , Li Yi 
Published: March 2019

Due to the high global warming potential (GWP) of SF6, the use of new gases in electrical equipment has drawn increasing attention. Here, the application of environmental‐friendly gas dodecafluoro‐2‐methylpentan‐3‐one (C6F12O) and CO2 mixture in 10 kV medium‐voltage switchgear is studied. First, the basic physical and chemical properties of C6F12O were discussed, and the toxicity and safety of its application in equipment was analysed. Then, the breakdown voltage was measured in the laboratory. The power‐frequency breakdown test was carried out with the mixing ratio of 2, 4 and 6% at 0.1∼0.2 MPa, and the influence of utilisation coefficient of electric field on the breakdown performance was analysed. Finally, the appropriate mixing ratio was determined and tested in the load switch cabinet and the circuit breaker switch cabinet, including the power frequency withstand voltage test and the lightning impulse test. The test results show that 4% C6F12O and CO2 meet the standard value tested at a pressure of >0.14 MPa, which has the potential to be used as an insulating gas in a 10 kV switchgear.
Fatou, enfant réfugiée sans papiers… qui mange du papier
Authors: Benhamou Hervé 
Published: March 2019

Fatou est une enfant réfugiée, d’origine africaine âgée de 6 ans, de langue maternelle française, sans papiers, que je reçois dans le cadre d’une mesure d’Aide Éducative en Milieu Ouvert. Elle présente des troubles psychiatriques à type de crises d’agitation colérique avec compulsions itératives à manger du papier. Lors des consultations, plusieurs éléments psychopathologiques émergent. Ses remarquables capacités d’apprentissages contrastent avec son immaturité affective avec importante fixation orale. Sa compulsion à ingérer du papier survient quand elle est seule et se sent abandonnée. Elle manque alors de contrôle pulsionnel et de capacités de symbolisation. Le symptôme pourrait être interprété comme un comportement d’incorporation orale d’un objet suffisamment bon, (le(s) papier(s)), susceptible de lui apporter une certaine sécurité affective et légale, et la possibilité de rester chez son oncle, substitut parental officiel.
Ses dessins et ses rêves montrent aussi que Fatou présente une dysharmonie évolutive, un personnalité « border-line », avec clivage entre un faux self, avec adaptation sociale plus ou moins satisfaisante et une scolarité surinvestie, et, un self plus profond avec dépression et angoisses orales corrélatives de la compulsion à ingérer du papier.
Une indication de psychothérapie psychanalytique est posée associée à des entretiens de guidance psychologique pour l’oncle.
Survivre au voyage migratoire puis vivre en exil de soi-même…
Authors: Hungbo Chantal , Fortineau Jacques 
Published: March 2019

Cet article témoigne de l’expérience de professionnels travaillant auprès de MNA dans une association mandatée par l’Aide Sociale à l’Enfance.
L’objectif n’étant pas de dresser un état des lieux mais plutôt de tirer quelques réflexions à partir de ces vifs témoignages recueillis.
Des similitudes avec d’autres jeunes accueillis dans ces foyers éducatifs mettent en exergue l’impact des traumatismes précoces et les défauts d’étayage. Tandis que certains écueils propres aux situations migratoires sont rapportés par les équipes pluridisciplinaires qui les accompagnent au quotidien.
La psychothérapie de l’adolescent centrée sur les émotions
Authors: Har Alexandre 
Published: March 2019

Que savons-nous sur les émotions ? Que savons-nous de la régulation émotionnelle ? Quelles sont les modèles à notre disposition ? De quelle manière ces modèles contribuent ils à l’expérience clinique du psychothérapeute dans son travail avec l’adolescent ? Fort des résultats de la recherche et des propositions des approches psychothérapeutiques récentes, nous soumettons un certain nombre de propositions techniques et pratiques sur le travail émotionnel dans la psychothérapie de l’adolescent. Deux courtes vignettes cliniques illustrent ces propositions.
Präoperative Anämie: Bedeutung, Diagnostik und Therapie
Authors: Kaufner Lutz , von Heymann Christian 
Published: March 2019

ZusammenfassungDie präoperative Anämie, definiert durch ein Unterschreiten eines präoperativen Hämoglobinwerts (Hb-Wert) von 12 g/dl für Frauen und 13 g/dl für Männer, stellt mit einer Prävalenz von 25 – 30% der Patienten vor einem elektiven operativen Eingriff einen unabhängigen Risikofaktor für perioperative Transfusion, Morbidität und Mortalität dar. Nach einer Metaanalyse in der S3-Leitlinie „Präoperative Anämie“ besteht für präoperativ anäme Patienten vor elektiven kardiochirurgischen und nicht kardiochirurgischen Eingriffen sowohl ein signifikant erhöhtes Risiko, perioperativ zu versterben, als auch, perioperativ transfundiert zu werden. Häufigste Ursachen einer präoperativen Anämie sind ein Eisenmangel, eine Niereninsuffizienz bzw. eine Anämie der chronischen Erkrankung. Über ein Blutbild ca. 4 – 6 Wochen vor der Operation können der Hb-Wert und die Erythrozytenparameter, vor allem das mittlere korpuskuläre Erythrozytenvolumen (MCV) sowie die Retikulozytenzahl (ggf. Sonderanforderung), bereits erste relevante Hinweise auf die Genese einer Anämie liefern. Die Therapie der präoperativen Anämie sollte immer ursachengerecht, d. h. nach einer präoperativen Anämiediagnostik, durchgeführt werden. Bei nachgewiesenem Eisenmangel sollte die Behandlung mit oralem oder, bei enteraler Resorptionsstörung und/oder gastrointestinaler Unverträglichkeit und/oder mangelnder Behandlungszeit, mit i. v. Eisen indiziert werden. Bei einer Anämie der chronischen Erkrankung oder renalen Anämie kann eine Behandlung mit Erythropoietin erfolgen. Liegt zusätzlich ein Eisenmangel vor, kann Erythropoietin in Verbindung mit Eisen verabreicht werden. Grundsätzlich sollten potenzielle Unverträglichkeitsreaktionen, insbesondere bei i. v. Eisen, sowie mögliche Interaktionen des Erythropoietins und Tumorerkrankungen berücksichtigt werden. Unabhängig vom Geschlecht sollte ein Hb > 12 g/dl durch die Gabe von Erythropoietin und/oder Eisen nicht überschritten werden.
Shoulder Pain and Disability Among Post Mastectomy Patients
Authors: Arsh Aatik , Ullah Irfan 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this study was to determine shoulder pain and disability among post mastectomy patients.
Methods This cross sectional study was conducted in Peshawar Pakistan from June 2017 to June 2018. A self administered questionnaire was used to collect demographic information and clinical characteristics while Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI) was used to evaluate shoulder pain and disability. Female post mastectomy patients with age between 18 to 55 years were included. Patients with co-morbidities, bilateral mastectomy, history of trauma, history of shoulder pain before mastectomy and shoulder pain on non-operated side were excluded. SPSS version 23 was used to analyze the data.
Results A total of 127 post mastectomy patients participated in the study. Out of total 127 participants, 99 (77.95%) reported shoulder pain and disability on operated site. Age (P value=0.181) and operated side i. e., right and left mastectomy (P value=0.324) were not significantly associated with shoulder pain and disability. On the other hand marital status (P value=0.04), educational status (P value=0.03) profession (P value<0.001) and time since surgery (P value=0.04) were significantly associated with shoulder pain and disability.
Conclusion More than 2 third of post mastectomy patients suffer from shoulder pain and disability. Connective tissue fibrosis of shoulder joint seems to be the only reason for it. Physical therapy after mastectomy can help in preventing shoulder pain and disability.
Staging of T1 esophageal adenocarcinoma with volumetric laser endomicroscopy: a feasibility study
Authors: Kahn Allon , Kamboj Amrit , Muppa Prasuna , Sawas Tarek , Lutzke Lori , Buras Matthew , Golafshar Michael , Katzka David , Iyer Prasad , Smyrk Thomas , Wang Kenneth , Leggett Cadman 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Background and study aims Precise staging in T1 esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) is critical in determining candidacy for curative endoscopic resection. High-frequency endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) has demonstrated suboptimal accuracy in T1 EAC staging due to insufficient spatial resolution. Volumetric laser endomicroscopy (VLE) allows for high-resolution wide-field visualization of the esophageal microstructure. We aimed to investigate the role of VLE in staging T1 EAC.
Patients and methods Patients undergoing endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) were prospectively enrolled and only T1 EAC cases were included. EMR specimens were imaged using second-generation VLE immediately after resection. VLE images were analyzed for signal intensity by depth and signal attenuation (dB/mm) in both cross-sectional and en-face orientation. A decision tree model was constructed to combine measured VLE parameters and delineate diagnostic thresholds.
Results Thirty EMR scans were obtained – 15 T1a specimens from 9 patients and 15 T1b specimens from 11 patients. T1b specimen VLE scans exhibited higher signal intensity (P < 0.0001) and higher signal attenuation compared to T1a specimens (P = 0.03). A combination of signal attenuation and signal intensity at 150 µm depth yielded optimal diagnostic thresholds and an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.77. VLE signal attenuation was significantly associated with grade of differentiation, irrespective of EAC stage.
Conclusions VLE signal intensity and signal attenuation are quantitatively distinct in
T1a and T1b EAC and associated with grade of differentiation. This is the first study examining
the role of VLE for staging of T1 EAC and demonstrates promising diagnostic performance. With further in vivo validation, VLE may serve a role in staging superficial EAC.
Utility of a standardized training program for endoscopic diagnosis of early gastrointestinal neoplasia
Authors: Chiu Philip , Sano Yasushi , Uedo Noriya , Singh Rajvinder , Ng Enders , Aang Tiing , Chiu Han , Ho Shiaw-Hooi , Banerjee Rupa , Tanaka Shinji , Li Xiao , Yao Fang , Lau James , Yao Kenshi 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Background and study aims Image enhanced endoscopy (IEE) allows endoscopists to improve recognition and characterization of gastrointestinal neoplasia. The Asian Novel Bio-Imaging and Intervention Group (ANBIG) conducted a standardized training program in endoscopic diagnosis and treatment of early gastrointestinal cancers in Asia. We embarked on a study to investigate the effect of this module on endoscopic diagnosis of early gastrointestinal neoplasia.
Methods This prospectively collected database was from workshops conducted on training for endoscopic diagnosis of early gastrointestinal neoplasia. All workshops were conducted in a standardized format, which included a pretest, a learning phase consisting of didactic lectures, case discussion, and live demonstration followed by a post-test to assess knowledge gained. The pretest and post-training tests were standardized questions addressing four domains, including basic knowledge of imaging and diagnosis of esophageal, gastric, and colonic neoplasia.
Results From November 2013 to November 2016, 41 ANBIG workshops were conducted in 13 countries. A total of 1863 delegates and 40 faculty participated in these workshops. Of the delegates, 627 completed both tests. There was a significant improvement after training in all domains of the tests. There was a trend in general lack of knowledge across all domains for delegates from “low” healthcare cost countries before training. All delegates demonstrated significant improvement in knowledge of all domains after the workshop irrespective of whether they were from “high” or “low” healthcare cost per capita countries.
Conclusion A standardized teaching program on IEE improved the diagnostic ability and quality of endoscopists in recognizing early gastrointestinal neoplasia in Asia.
Changes in Oral Anticoagulation Therapy over One Year in 51,000 Atrial Fibrillation Patients at Risk for Stroke: A Practice-Derived Study
Authors: Hohnloser Stefan H. , Basic Edin , Nabauer Michael 
Published: March 2019

Background This study assessed changes in anticoagulation therapy over time in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF).
Methods Analyses were performed on a claims-based dataset of 4 million health-insured individuals. The study population consisted of patients newly initiating a non-vitamin-K oral anticoagulants (NOACs) or vitamin K antagonist (VKA) for AF between 2013 and 2016. The study outcomes consisted of the proportion of patients who had (1) discontinued OAC treatment, (2) switched from VKA to NOAC, (3) switched from NOAC to VKA or (4) switched from one NOAC to another. Predictors of discontinuation or switching of OAC treatment were determined by Cox proportional hazards regression models with time-independent and time-dependent covariates.
Results The study population comprised 51,606 AF patients initiating VKA (n = 21,468, 41.6%), apixaban (n = 8,832, 17.1%), dabigatran (n = 3,973, 7.7%) or rivaroxaban (n = 17,333, 33.6%). After 1 year, 29.9% of VKA and 29.5% of NOAC patients had discontinued OAC treatment without switching to another anticoagulant. A total of 10.7% of VKA patients switched to NOACs within 1 year, whereas 4.9% NOAC patients had switched to VKA. Of AF patients who were initiated on a NOAC, 5.2% switched to another NOAC. Treatment changes among NOAC starters were strongly associated with occurrence of stroke, myocardial infarction and gastrointestinal bleeding after treatment initiation. For VKA starters switching to a NOAC, stroke and bleeding events were associated with an increased likelihood of switching.
Conclusion Overall discontinuation rates of VKA and NOACs are comparable over the first year of therapy, while switching from VKA to NOAC was more common than from NOAC to VKA. The majority of treatment changes were associated with clinical events.
CHAMP1 Mutations cause Refractory Infantile Myoclonic Epilepsy
Authors: Ben-Haim Revital , Heyman Eli , Benyamini Lilach , Shapira Daniel , Lev Dorit , Tzadok Michal , Lerman-Sagie Tally , Saitsu Hirotomo , Matsumoto Naomichi , Iwama Kazuhiro , Lazinger Mirit , Bassan Haim 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe chromosome alignment maintaining phosphoprotein 1 (CHAMP1) gene has a key role in neurodevelopment. It is involved in kinetochore-microtubule attachment and in the regulation of chromosomes alignment during mitosis. So far, 17 cases of CHAMP1 mutations have been reported with a common clinical picture of developmental delay and intellectual disability, dysmorphic facial features, hypotonia and/or spasticity, and microcephaly. Four patients had epilepsy of whom three had focal seizures and one had generalized epilepsy. We report two new cases, which have in addition to developmental delay, refractory myoclonic epilepsy. These cases suggest that the phenotypic spectrum of CHAMP1 mutations may be broader and includes refractory myoclonic epilepsy as well.
The Utility of Soluble CD14 Subtype in Early Diagnosis of Culture-Proven Early-Onset Neonatal Sepsis and Prediction of Outcome
Authors: Gad Ghada I. , Shinkar Dina M. , Kamel El-Din Manal M. , Nagi Hoda M. 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Objective This study aimed to evaluate soluble cluster of differentiation 14 subtype (sCD14-ST), also named presepsin, as an early marker for the diagnosis of culture-proven early-onset sepsis (EOS) in neonates and to assess its relation to disease severity and mortality.
Study Design Out of 60 neonates with risk factors of EOS, 31 neonates were diagnosed as having culture-proven EOS. They were compared with 20 nonseptic controls. We obtained blood samples on day 1 of life for sCD14-ST measurement and sepsis screening. Blood samples were repeated on day 3 in EOS neonates.
Results sCD14-ST was significantly higher in EOS neonates than controls (p < 0.001). Neonates who later developed septic shock had significantly higher day 1 sCD14-ST level than those who did not (p < 0.001). Furthermore, neonates who died had significantly higher day 1 sCD14-ST than survivors (p < 0.001). On day 3, there was a significant decline in sCD14-ST levels than initial levels among survivors. There was a significant positive correlation between day 1 sCD14-ST level and Tollner's sepsis severity score.
Conclusion sCD14-ST could be used as a powerful diagnostic and prognostic marker of EOS. Its quantitative measurement at birth could be a good predictor of sepsis severity and mortality.
Foreign language anxiety in relation to affective variables
Authors: Jee Min Jung 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
This study investigated Korean-as-a-foreign-language (KFL) students’ foreign language anxiety (FLA) in relation to
five affective variables (i.e., unwillingness to communicate, classroom risk-taking, classroom sociability, motivation, and
self-efficacy) as well as to self-rated Korean proficiency. One hundred and fifty-two KFL students who were enrolled in Korean
classes in a large public university in Australia completed survey items for the study. Overall, KFL students in Australia showed
moderate levels of anxiety (M = 2.79) and unwillingness to communicate (M = 2.58). Additionally,
their levels of motivation (M = 3.92) and self-efficacy (M = 3.41) were high. Five affective
variables were proven to be significantly related with FLA: a positive correlation between FLA and unwillingness to communicate;
and negative correlations between FLA and classroom risk-taking, classroom sociability, motivation and self-efficacy. Among the
variables, self-efficacy and self-rated overall Korean proficiency were found to be the best predictors of FLA.
Classroom learners of Chinese in senior secondary school
Authors: Keynton Janice 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
This study looks at the Chinese-learning experiences of six classroom learners who continued to the end of
secondary school in Victoria, Australia, through in-depth interviews. Various systemic deterrents to continued Chinese language
study are identified by the participants, including: (1) the schooling journey, including transition between primary and high
school and disruption from uninterested students in compulsory classes; (2) the curriculum and the learning demands dictated by
the form of assessment; (3) the risk of poor assessment results prejudicing post-school study options, in particular because the
cohort includes large numbers of home speaker learners. In Victoria, Australia, a large part of what schools provide is dictated
by the metasystem of education and the assessments at which it aims. Thus the structural deterrents to Chinese classroom learner
continuation identified are within the power of government agencies to change, in order to enable more of these students to
continue.