bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of combining dexmedetomidine to ondansetron and dexamethasone for prophylaxis against postoperative nausea and vomiting after laparoscopic bariatric surgery
Authors: Sabra Mostafa M. 
Published: September 2018

Background
Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) are common and highly distressing following laparoscopic bariatric surgery. However, there is inadequate evidence regarding the impact of combining dexmedetomidine to dexamethasone and ondansetron. We aimed to study the impact of combining dexmedetomidine to dexamethasone and ondansetron in the prevention of PONV.

Patients and methods
Seventy-two adult patients scheduled for laparoscopic bariatric surgery were randomized in this double-blind study to receive either single dose of dexmedetomidine 1 µg/kg; ondansetron 4 mg; dexamethasone 8 mg (group D, n=36) or ondansetron 4 mg and dexamethasone 8 mg (group B, n=36), after induction of anaesthesia. Anaesthesia administration was performed similarly for both groups using a standard protocol. During the first 24 h postoperatively, the primary outcomes were the incidence of PONV. The severity of PONV and use of rescue antiemetic were the secondary outcomes. χ
2-Test and Student's t-test were utilized to evaluate significant differences in categorical and continuous variables.

Results
The incidence of PONV was significantly reduced in group D (13.9 vs. 52.8%, P<0.001). The severity of PONV was significantly lower in group D (34.22±10.48 vs. 62.50±13.34, P=0.03). Ondansetron consumption was reduced significantly during 24 h in group D (2.33±2.93 vs. 3.58±2.68, P=0.03).

Conclusion
Addition of dexmedetomidine to ondansetron and dexamethasone was efficacious in decreasing incidence, severity of PONV, and the total analgesic consumption during the first 24 h after laparoscopic bariatric surgery.
Impact of abnormal circadian blood pressure profile on left atrial function assessed by 2D speckle tracking echocardiography and its effect on the functional capacity of hypertensive patients
Authors: Ahmed Taghreed A. , Mohamed Layla A. 
Published: September 2018

Background
The left atrial (LA) function has an important role in hypertension as it is strongly predictive of adverse cardiac events and death, assessment of the circadian blood pressure (BP) profile is more predictive than assessment of the office BP reading in estimating the cardiovascular risk. The 2D speckle tracking echocardiography (2D-STE) provides more insight into early hypertension-induced LA dysfunction.

Aim
The aim of this work is to assess the impact of abnormal circadian BP profile on LA function using 2D-STE and its effect on functional capacity in hypertensive patient with preserved ejection fraction assessed by conventional echocardiography.

Patients and methods
This work included 60 consecutive hypertensive patients with preserved ejection fraction by conventional echocardiography [mean age 48±5 years and body surface area (BSA) 1.9±1.1] they were classified into two groups according to the data derived from 24 h ambulatory BP, group 1: dipper group that included 28 patients (mean age 48±8 years and BSA 1.9±0.1) and group 2: nondipper group that included 32 patients (mean age 50±6 years and BSA 1.9±0.09). All patients were evaluated by comprehensive 2D and Doppler echocardiographic techniques, TDI and 2D-STE, ambulatory BP, and stress. Myocardial perfusion imaging using treadmill exercise test was done to exclude coronary artery disease (CAD) and to assess the functional capacity.

Results
The results showed a statistically high significant decrease in the average peak left atrial global longitudinal strain in group 2 (the nondipper group) (group 1=26±4 vs. 20.4±3.5 in group 2, P<0.00), and a statistically significant decrease in the functional capacity parameter using treadmill metabolic equivalents (METs) in group 2 (group 1=7.3±1.4 vs. 6.2±0.8 in group 2, P<0.01) in comparison with group 1. Also we found a significant positive correlation between the average peak atrial longitudinal strain and the functional capacity assessed by treadmill stress test (r=0.424, P=0.05). There were no other significant differences between the two groups with respect to other LA parameters by conventional echo Doppler, TDI, and 2D-STE.

Conclusion
Abnormal circadian BP profile add more deleterious effect on LA function in hypertensive patients as detected by 2D-STE that denotes more decrease in functional capacity and worse cardiac events.
Replication to assess statistical adequacy
Authors: Owen P. Dorian 
Published: September 2018

Abstract‘Statistical adequacy’ is an important prerequisite for securing reliable inference in empirical modelling. This paper argues for more emphasis on replication that specifically assesses whether the results reported in empirical studies are based on statistically adequate models, i.e., models with valid underpinning statistical assumptions that pass relevant diagnostic tests for misspecification. A replication plan is briefly outlined to illustrate what this would involve in practice in the context of a specific study by Acemoglu, Gallego and Robinson (Institutions, human capital, and development,Annual Review of Economics, 2014).
The Poet, the Painter, and the Bishop's Wife: Chaucer on the Prairie
Authors: Cherewatuk Karen , Koepke Carson 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
In painting the library portrait of Geoffrey Chaucer currently owned by St. Olaf College (Northfield, Minnesota), the nineteenth-century Boston artist Thomas Truman Spear worked from engravings based on the Harleian Hoccleve portrait published in mid- to late-nineteenth-century editions of Chaucer's works. Spear's portrait likely traveled to the Midwest in the possession of Evangeline Marrs Simpson Whipple, a wealthy Boston widow and then second wife of the historically important Episcopal Bishop Henry Whipple of Minnesota. By including the Chaucer portrait in the interior design of their home, Evangeline Whipple emphasized cultural ties between the fledgling Anglican Church on the frontier and the Mother Church in Canterbury. This case study in American medievalism reveals the story of a female patron of the arts, her quest to bring Chaucer's Anglicizing influence to the Midwest, and her savvy use of the poet's reputation to promote her and her husband's religious projects.
Purgatório, de Tomás Eloy Martínez: suspensão do tempo e construção de realidades
Authors: Lemos Anuschka Reichmann , Reichmann Brunilda 
Published: September 2018

Este trabalho apresenta uma leitura de realidades construídas pelo narrador e as personagens a partir de cenas suspensas no tempo, no romance Purgatório, de Tomáz Eloy Martínez, levando-nos a diversas dinâmicas entre imagens; a articulações entre o visível, o imaginário e o imaginado; a sobreposição da memória e do cotidiano. A partir dessas experiências, pensamos em diferentes propostas para o existir entre – entre mundos, realidades, países e tempos; vividos pelos personagens entre a Argentina no início da ditadura dos anos 1970 e a Nova Jersey pacata dos anos 2000. De modo contundente, o Purgatório, de Dante, e a cartografia pontuam a ficção de Martínez, apresentado fluxos possíveis para a existência de pessoas perdidas ou desaparecidas. Utilizaremos aportes teóricos da fotografia (Boris Kossoy e Ronaldo Entler, entre outros), para propor um mergulho em possibilidades simbólicas de imagens em narrativas e como um desafio a mais para nossa leitura da literatura enquanto fotografia.
Le tourisme littéraire, lire entre les lieux
Authors: Fournier Mauricette , Le Bel Pierre-Mathieu 
Published: September 2018

Proposer un numéro thématique sur le tourisme littéraire à Téoros – Revue de recherche en tourisme avait pour
objectifs explicites de contribuer à apporter une lisibilité au concept et à ses
pratiques, de susciter l’intérêt des chercheurs en tourisme et, pourquoi pas,
les inciter à investir un champ encore peu documenté dans l’aire francophone.
Les potentiels terrains de jeu ne manquent pas, en effet, au moment où la
demande croissante des touristes pour des pratiques expérientielles (Camus,
2014 ; Gombault et Bourgeon-Renault, 2014) rencontre les initiatives d’acteurs
de plus en plus nombreux, tant publics que privés, cherchant par le biais de la
valorisation de la ressource littéraire à distinguer leurs territoires et/ou
leurs activités dans un contexte d’exacerbation de la concurrence.
Le tourisme littéraire à Séville : exotisme, identité, marketing
Authors: Galant Ivanne 
Published: September 2018

Cet article s’interroge sur les origines et les avatars du
tourisme littéraire dans la capitale andalouse. La ville propose un cadre
particulièrement propice à cette pratique : plusieurs écrivains de renom en sont
originaires et Séville est le décor de nombreux textes littéraires. Pensons à
des œuvres espagnoles comme celles de Miguel de Cervantes, mais aussi à
l’intérêt que la capitale andalouse a suscité chez des écrivains français,
Prosper Mérimée étant sans doute le plus représentatif. Si ce type de tourisme
s’est développé de manière institutionnelle dans les années 2000, il est
l’aboutissement d’un long processus encouragé dès le XIXe siècle dans les premiers guides de voyage. De suggestion subjective
à pratique officielle, on verra que le tourisme littéraire a pris et prend
plusieurs formes – plaques commémoratives, statues, itinéraires balisés,
publications spécifiques. S’il parvient à lier indéfectiblement fiction et réel
en introduisant du littéraire dans le référent et en mettant en exergue les
aspects référentiels dans les textes littéraires, la littérature comme produit
touristique peut alors être considérée comme la caution culturelle d’un projet
relevant du marketing.
Victoriano García Martí et les origines du tourisme littéraire à Saint-Jacques-de-Compostelle
Authors: Fuentes Ríos Arantxa 
Published: September 2018

Chaque ville littéraire attire un tourisme différent. C’est à partir de l’étude de cas de Saint-Jacques-de-Compostelle que nous nous attarderons sur la convergence de sujets idéologique, ethnographique et littéraire dans la construction d’une ville littéraire. Depuis la deuxième moitié du XIXe siècle, différents acteurs ont façonné un modèle de ville dont les visiteurs n’étaient plus les pèlerins, mais les voyageurs lettrés. Parmi ce vaste groupe, nous nous attarderons sur Victoriano García Martí, précurseur de la conception de la ville en termes de tourisme littéraire. L’analyse de ses écrits, tant ses textes journalistiques que ses essais, montrera à quel point ce modèle de ville littéraire surgit des questions aussi bien idéologiques que littéraires. Nous analyserons ensuite les parcours littéraires proposés par García Martí en lien avec la célèbre écrivaine Rosalía de Castro. Tout au long de cette deuxième partie, une représentation cartographique, qui s’appuie sur le système d’information géographique (SIG), permettra d’observer l’interaction entre réalité et discours littéraire dans les itinéraires littéraires proposés par García Martí.
Les services écosystémiques en ville, ou l’opportunité d’une réconciliation entre les humains et la nature
Authors: Brunet Lucas 
Published: September 2018

Cet article propose de comprendre comment la notion de services écosystémiques fonctionne de manière affective en milieu urbain. Les affects apparaissent ciblés et façonnés par un pouvoir qui cherche à rendre la présence de la nature en ville attractive et désirable. Ils contribuent à produire une nature et des sujets singuliers. À partir d’une étude de cas portant sur la Mission Économie de la Biodiversité et sur deux entreprises bailleuses de foncier, l’article montre que l’action du dispositif des services écosystémiques s’accompagne d’une réconciliation entre l’humain et la nature, d’une promesse de bien-être et d’un sens de l’opportunisme.This article aims to find out how the notion of ecosystem services operates affectively in an urban context. Affects appear to be targeted and shaped by powers that seek to render the presence of nature attractive and desirable in cities. They produce a singular nature and specific subjects. Drawing on a case study of an organization bringing together economy and biodiversity and two lessor companies, the article highlights that the actions of the device of ecosystem services are accompanied by a reconciliation between humans and nature, a promise of well-being and a sense of opportunism.
Genomic organization, gene expression and activity profile ofMarinobacter hydrocarbonoclasticusdenitrification enzymes
Authors: Carreira Cíntia , Mestre Olga , Nunes Rute F. , Moura Isabel , Pauleta Sofia R. 
Published: September 2018

BackgroundDenitrification is one of the main pathways of the N-cycle, during which nitrate is converted to dinitrogen gas, in four consecutive reactions that are each catalyzed by a different metalloenzyme. One of the intermediate metabolites is nitrous oxide, which has a global warming impact greater then carbon dioxide and which atmospheric concentration has been increasing in the last years. The four denitrification enzymes have been isolated and biochemically characterized fromMarinobacter hydrocarbonoclasticusin our lab.MethodsBioinformatic analysis of theM. hydrocarbonoclasticusgenome to identify the genes involved in the denitrification pathway. The relative gene expression of the gene encoding the catalytic subunits of those enzymes was analyzed during the growth under microoxic conditions. The consumption of nitrate and nitrite, and the reduction of nitric oxide and nitrous oxide by whole-cells was monitored during anoxic and microoxic growth in the presence of 10 mM sodium nitrate at pH 7.5.ResultsThe bioinformatic analysis shows that genes encoding the enzymes and accessory factors required for each step of the denitrification pathway are clustered together. An unusual feature is the co-existence of genes encoding aq- and ac-type nitric oxide reductase, with only the latter being transcribed at similar levels as the ones encoding the catalytic subunits of the other denitrifying enzymes, when cells are grown in the presence of nitrate under microoxic conditions. Using either a batch- or a closed system, nitrate is completely consumed in the beginning of the growth, with transient formation of nitrite, and whole-cells can reduce nitric oxide and nitrous oxide from mid-exponential phase until being collected (time-point 50 h).DiscussionM. hydrocarbonoclasticuscells can reduce nitric and nitrous oxidein vivo,indicating that the four denitrification steps are active. Gene expression profile together with promoter regions analysis indicates the involvement of a cascade regulatory mechanism triggered by FNR-type in response to low oxygen tension, with nitric oxide and nitrate as secondary effectors, through DNR and NarXL, respectively. This global characterization of the denitrification pathway of a strict marine bacterium, contributes to the understanding of the N-cycle and nitrous oxide release in marine environments.
Plant dominance in a subalpine montane meadow: biotic vs. abiotic controls of subordinate diversity within and across sites
Authors: LaPlante Erika , Souza Lara 
Published: September 2018

Background
Understanding the underlying factors that determine the relative abundance of plant species is critical to predict both biodiversity and ecosystem function. Biotic and abiotic factors can shape the distribution and the relative abundance of species across natural communities, greatly influencing local biodiversity.

Methods
Using a combination of an observational study and a five-year plant removal experiment we: (1) documented how plant diversity and composition of montane meadow assemblages vary along a plant dominance gradient using an observational study; (2) tracked above- and belowground functional traits of co-dominant plant species Potentilla and Festuca along a plant dominance gradient in an observational study; (3) determined whether plant species diversity and composition was directly influenced by commonly occurring species Potentilla and Festuca with the use of a randomized plot design, 5-year plant removal experiment (no removal control, Potentilla removed, Festuca removed, n = 10).

Results
We found that subordinate species diversity and compositional dissimilarity were greatest in Potentilla and Festuca co-dominated sites, where neither Potentilla nor Festuca dominated, rather than at sites where either species became dominant. Further, while above- and belowground plant functional traits varied along a dominance gradient, they did so in a way that inconsistently predicted plant species relative abundance. Also, neither variation in plant functional traits of Festuca and Potentilla nor variation in resources and conditions (such as soil nitrogen and temperature) explained our subordinate diversity patterns. Finally, neither Potentilla nor Festuca influenced subordinate diversity or composition when we directly tested for their impacts in a plant removal experiment.

Discussion
Taken together, patterns of subordinate diversity and composition were likely driven by abiotic factors rather than biotic interactions. As a result, the role of abiotic factors influencing local-level species interactions can be just as important as biotic interactions themselves in structuring plant communities.
Does Twitter language reliably predict heart disease? A commentary on Eichstaedt et al. (2015a)
Authors: Brown Nicholas J.L. , Coyne James C. 
Published: September 2018

We comment on Eichstaedt et al.’s (2015a) claim to have shown that language patterns among Twitter users, aggregated at the level of US counties, predicted county-level mortality rates from atherosclerotic heart disease (AHD), with “negative” language being associated with higher rates of death from AHD and “positive” language associated with lower rates. First, we examine some of Eichstaedt et al.’s apparent assumptions about the nature of AHD, as well as some issues related to the secondary analysis of online data and to considering counties as communities. Next, using the data files supplied by Eichstaedt et al., we reproduce their regression- and correlation-based models, substituting mortality from an alternative cause of death—namely, suicide—as the outcome variable, and observe that the purported associations between “negative” and “positive” language and mortality are reversed when suicide is used as the outcome variable. We identify numerous other conceptual and methodological limitations that call into question the robustness and generalizability of Eichstaedt et al.’s claims, even when these are based on the results of their ridge regression/machine learning model. We conclude that there is no good evidence that analyzing Twitter data in bulk in this way can add anything useful to our ability to understand geographical variation in AHD mortality rates.
Population genetics of the main population of brown bears in southwest Asia
Authors: Ambarlı Hüseyin , Mengüllüoğlu Deniz , Fickel Jörns , Förster Daniel W. 
Published: September 2018

Genetic studies of the Eurasian brown bear (Ursus arctos) have so far focused on populations from Europe and North America, although the largest distribution area of brown bears is in Asia. In this study, we reveal population genetic parameters for the brown bear population inhabiting the Grand Kaçkar Mountains (GKM) in the north east of Turkey, western Lesser Caucasus. Using both hair (N = 147) and tissue samples (N = 7) collected between 2008 and 2014, we found substantial levels of genetic variation (10 microsatellite loci). Bear samples (hair) taken from rubbing trees worked better for genotyping than those from power poles, regardless of the year collected. Genotyping also revealed that bears moved between habitat patches, despite ongoing massive habitat alterations and the creation of large water reservoirs. This population has the potential to serve as a genetic reserve for future reintroductions in the Middle East. Due to the importance of the GKM population for on-going and future conservation actions, the impacts of habitat alterations in the region ought to be minimized; e.g., by establishing green bridges or corridors over reservoirs and major roads to maintain habitat connectivity and gene flow among populations in the Lesser Caucasus.
Maternal immune activation alters brain microRNA expression in mouse offspring
Authors: Sunwoo Jun‐Sang , Jeon Daejong , Lee Soon‐Tae , Moon Jangsup , Yu Jung‐Suk , Park Dong‐Kyu , Bae Ji‐Yeon , Lee Doo Young , Kim Sangwoo , Jung Keun‐Hwa , Park Kyung‐Il , Jung Ki‐Young , Kim Manho , Lee Sang Kun , Chu Kon 
Published: September 2018

AbstractObjectiveMaternal immune activation (MIA) is associated with an increased risk of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in offspring. Herein, we investigate the altered expression of microRNAs (miRNA), and that of their target genes, in the brains of MIA mouse offspring.MethodsTo generate MIA model mice, pregnant mice were injected with polyriboinosinic:polyribocytidylic acid on embryonic day 12.5. We performed miRNA microarray and mRNA sequencing in order to determine the differential expression of miRNA and mRNA between MIA mice and controls, at 3 weeks of age. We further identified predicted target genes of dysregulated miRNAs, and miRNA‐target interactions, based on the inverse correlation of their expression levels.ResultsMice prenatally subjected to MIA exhibited behavioral abnormalities typical of ASD, such as a lack of preference for social novelty and reduced prepulse inhibition. We found 29 differentially expressed miRNAs (8 upregulated and 21 downregulated) and 758 differentially expressed mRNAs (542 upregulated and 216 downregulated) in MIA offspring compared to controls. Based on expression levels of the predicted target genes, 18 downregulated miRNAs (340 target genes) and three upregulated miRNAs (60 target genes) were found to be significantly enriched among the differentially expressed genes. miRNA and target gene interactions were most significant between mmu‐miR‐466i‐3p and Hfm1 (ATP‐dependent DNA helicase homolog), and between mmu‐miR‐877‐3p and Aqp6 (aquaporin 6).InterpretationOur results provide novel information regarding miRNA expression changes and their putative targets in the early postnatal period of brain development. Further studies will be needed to evaluate potential pathogenic roles of the dysregulated miRNAs.
Event‐triggered fault detection for discrete‐time LPV systems with application to a laboratory tank system
Authors: Golabi Arash , Davoodi Mohammadreza , Meskin Nader , Mohammadpour Javad 
Published: September 2018

SummaryThis paper investigates a new event‐triggered fault detection methodology for discrete‐time dynamic systems characterized by linear parameter‐varying models. An event‐based linear parameter‐varying observer is presented as the fault detection module to generate the residual signal. Moreover, two event‐triggering conditions are proposed to transmit the sensor and scheduling variable data to the fault detection module only when required. A mixed H−/H∞ formulation of the problem is presented to attenuate the effect of disturbances and the control input on the residual signal, and at the same time to maximize the residual signal sensitivity to fault. A set of linear matrix inequality conditions are obtained to find the solution of the proposed problem based on the concept of the input‐to‐state stability. The proposed methodology is experimentally tested and validated on a laboratory two‐tank system.