bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Advances in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in the Asia-Pacific region: the second report from APBMT 2005–2015
Authors: Iida Minako , Kodera Yoshihisa , Dodds Anthony , Ho Aloysius Yew Leng , Nivison-Smith Ian , Akter Mafruha Rumana , Wu Tong , Lie Albert Kwok Wai , Ghavamzadeh Ardeshir , Kang Hyoung Jin , Ong Tee Chuan , Gyi Aye Aye , Farzana Tasneem , Baylon Honorata , Gooneratne Lallindra , Tang Jih-Luh , Bunworasate Udomsak , Huynh Van Man , Srivastava Alok , Okamoto Shinichiro , Atsuta Yoshiko ,   Registry Committee of the Asia-Pacific Blood and Marrow Transplantation Group (APBMT)
Published: May 2019

AbstractBetween 2005 and 2015, 138,165 hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) were reported in 18 countries/regions in the Asia-Pacific region. In this report, we describe current trends in HSCT throughout the Asia-Pacific region and differences among nations in this region and various global registries. Since 2008, more than 10,000 HSCTs have been recorded each year by the Asia-Pacific Blood and Marrow Transplantation Group Data Center. Between 2005 and 2015, the greatest increase in the number of HSCTs was observed in Vietnam. Allogeneic HSCT was performed more frequently than autologous HSCT, and a majority of cases involved related donors. Regarding allogeneic HSCT, the use of cord blood has remained steady, especially in Japan, and the number of cases involving related HLA non-identical donors has increased rapidly, particularly in China. The incidence of hemoglobinopathy, a main indication for allogeneic HSCT in India, China, Iran, and Pakistan, increased nearly six-fold over the last decade. Among the 18 participating countries/regions, the transplant rate per population varied widely according to the absolute number of HSCTs and the national/regional population size. We believe that this report will not only benefit the AP region but will also provide information about HSCT to other regions worldwide.
JNK1/2 represses Lkb1-deficiency-induced lung squamous cell carcinoma progression
Authors: Liu Jian , Wang Tianyuan , Creighton Chad J. , Wu San-Pin , Ray Madhumita , Janardhan Kyathanahalli S. , Willson Cynthia J. , Cho Sung-Nam , Castro Patricia D. , Ittmann Michael M. , Li Jian-Liang , Davis Roger J. , DeMayo Francesco J. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractMechanisms of lung squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) development are poorly understood. Here, we report that JNK1/2 activities attenuate Lkb1-deficiency-driven LSCC initiation and progression through repressing ΔNp63 signaling. In vivo Lkb1 ablation alone is sufficient to induce LSCC development by reducing MKK7 levels and JNK1/2 activities, independent of the AMPKα and mTOR pathways. JNK1/2 activities is positively regulated by MKK7 during LSCC development. Pharmaceutically elevated JNK1/2 activities abates Lkb1 dependent LSCC formation while compound mutations of Jnk1/2 and Lkb1 further accelerate LSCC progression. JNK1/2 is inactivated in a substantial proportion of human LSCC and JNK1/2 activities positively correlates with survival rates of lung, cervical and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma patients. These findings not only determine a suppressive role of the stress response regulators JNK1/2 on LSCC development by acting downstream of the key LSCC suppresser Lkb1, but also demonstrate activating JNK1/2 activities as a therapeutic approach against LSCC.
Single atom tungsten doped ultrathin α-Ni(OH)2 for enhanced electrocatalytic water oxidation
Authors: Yan Junqing , Kong Lingqiao , Ji Yujin , White Jai , Li Youyong , Zhang Jing , An Pengfei , Liu Shengzhong , Lee Shuit-Tong , Ma Tianyi 
Published: May 2019

AbstractElectrocatalytic water oxidation is a rate-determining step in the water splitting reaction. Here, we report one single atom W6+ doped Ni(OH)2 nanosheet sample (w-Ni(OH)2) with an outstanding oxygen evolution reaction (OER) performance that is, in a 1 M KOH medium, an overpotential of 237 mV is obtained reaching a current density of 10 mA/cm2. Moreover, at high current density of 80 mA/cm2, the overpotential value is 267 mV. The corresponding Tafel slope is measured to be 33 mV/dec. The d0 W6+ atom with a low spin-state has more outermost vacant orbitals, resulting in more water and OH− groups being adsorbed on the exposed W sites of the Ni(OH)2 nanosheet. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations confirm that the O radical and O-O coupling are both generated at the same site of W6+. This work demonstrates that W6+ doping can promote the electrocatalytic water oxidation activity of Ni(OH)2 with the highest performance.
IL-1β, IL-23, and TGF-β drive plasticity of human ILC2s towards IL-17-producing ILCs in nasal inflammation
Authors: Golebski Korneliusz , Ros Xavier R. , Nagasawa Maho , van Tol Sophie , Heesters Balthasar A. , Aglmous Hajar , Kradolfer Chantal M. A. , Shikhagaie Medya M. , Seys Sven , Hellings P. W. , van Drunen Cornelis M. , Fokkens Wytske J. , Spits Hergen , Bal Suzanne M. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractInnate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are crucial for the immune surveillance at mucosal sites. ILCs coordinate early eradication of pathogens and contribute to tissue healing and remodeling, features that are dysfunctional in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). The mechanisms by which ILCs contribute to CF-immunopathology are ill-defined. Here, we show that group 2 ILCs (ILC2s) transdifferentiated into IL-17-secreting cells in the presence of the epithelial-derived cytokines IL-1β, IL-23 and TGF-β. This conversion is abrogated by IL-4 or vitamin D3. IL-17 producing ILC2s induce IL-8 secretion by epithelial cells and their presence in nasal polyps of CF patients is associated with neutrophilia. Our data suggest that ILC2s undergo transdifferentiation in CF nasal polyps in response to local cytokines, which are induced by infectious agents.
Bacteroides fragilis polysaccharide A induces IL-10 secreting B and T cells that prevent viral encephalitis
Authors: Ramakrishna Chandran , Kujawski Maciej , Chu Hiutung , Li Lin , Mazmanian Sarkis K. , Cantin Edouard M. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe gut commensal Bacteroides fragilis or its capsular polysaccharide A (PSA) can prevent various peripheral and CNS sterile inflammatory disorders. Fatal herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE) results from immune pathology caused by uncontrolled invasion of the brainstem by inflammatory monocytes and neutrophils. Here we assess the immunomodulatory potential of PSA in HSE by infecting PSA or PBS treated 129S6 mice with HSV1, followed by delayed Acyclovir (ACV) treatment as often occurs in the clinical setting. Only PSA-treated mice survived, with dramatically reduced brainstem inflammation and altered cytokine and chemokine profiles. Importantly, PSA binding by B cells is essential for induction of regulatory CD4+ and CD8+ T cells secreting IL-10 to control innate inflammatory responses, consistent with the lack of PSA mediated protection in Rag−/−, B cell- and IL-10-deficient mice. Our data reveal the translational potential of PSA as an immunomodulatory symbiosis factor to orchestrate robust protective anti-inflammatory responses during viral infections.
A strongly adhesive hemostatic hydrogel for the repair of arterial and heart bleeds
Authors: Hong Yi , Zhou Feifei , Hua Yujie , Zhang Xianzhu , Ni Chengyao , Pan Dihao , Zhang Yiqing , Jiang Deming , Yang Long , Lin Qiuning , Zou Yiwei , Yu Dongsheng , Arnot David E. , Zou Xiaohui , Zhu Linyong , Zhang Shufang , Ouyang Hongwei 
Published: May 2019

AbstractUncontrollable bleeding is a major problem in surgical procedures and after major trauma. Existing hemostatic agents poorly control hemorrhaging from traumatic arterial and cardiac wounds because of their weak adhesion to wet and mobile tissues. Here we design a photo-reactive adhesive that mimics the extracellular matrix (ECM) composition. This biomacromolecule-based matrix hydrogel can undergo rapid gelling and fixation to adhere and seal bleeding arteries and cardiac walls after UV light irradiation. These repairs can withstand up to 290 mm Hg blood pressure, significantly higher than blood pressures in most clinical settings (systolic BP 60–160 mm Hg). Most importantly, the hydrogel can stop high-pressure bleeding from pig carotid arteries with 4~ 5 mm-long incision wounds and from pig hearts with 6 mm diameter cardiac penetration holes. Treated pigs survived after hemostatic treatments with this hydrogel, which is well-tolerated and appears to offer significant clinical advantage as a traumatic wound sealant.
Nucleoporin Nup155 is part of the p53 network in liver cancer
Authors: Holzer Kerstin , Ori Alessandro , Cooke Amy , Dauch Daniel , Drucker Elisabeth , Riemenschneider Philip , Andres-Pons Amparo , DiGuilio Amanda L. , Mackmull Marie-Therese , Baßler Jochen , Roessler Stephanie , Breuhahn Kai , Zender Lars , Glavy Joseph S. , Dombrowski Frank , Hurt Ed , Schirmacher Peter , Beck Martin , Singer Stephan 
Published: May 2019

AbstractCancer-relevant signalling pathways rely on bidirectional nucleocytoplasmic transport events through the nuclear pore complex (NPC). However, mechanisms by which individual NPC components (Nups) participate in the regulation of these pathways remain poorly understood. We discover by integrating large scale proteomics, polysome fractionation and a focused RNAi approach that Nup155 controls mRNA translation of p21 (CDKN1A), a key mediator of the p53 response. The underlying mechanism involves transcriptional regulation of the putative tRNA and rRNA methyltransferase FTSJ1 by Nup155. Furthermore, we observe that Nup155 and FTSJ1 are p53 repression targets and accordingly find a correlation between the p53 status, Nup155 and FTSJ1 expression in murine and human hepatocellular carcinoma. Our data suggest an unanticipated regulatory network linking translational control by and repression of a structural NPC component modulating the p53 pathway through its effectors.
Low-voltage high-performance flexible digital and analog circuits based on ultrahigh-purity semiconducting carbon nanotubes
Authors: Lei Ting , Shao Lei-Lai , Zheng Yu-Qing , Pitner Gregory , Fang Guanhua , Zhu Chenxin , Li Sicheng , Beausoleil Ray , Wong H.-S. Philip , Huang Tsung-Ching , Cheng Kwang-Ting , Bao Zhenan 
Published: May 2019

AbstractCarbon nanotube (CNT) thin-film transistor (TFT) is a promising candidate for flexible and wearable electronics. However, it usually suffers from low semiconducting tube purity, low device yield, and the mismatch between p- and n-type TFTs. Here, we report low-voltage and high-performance digital and analog CNT TFT circuits based on high-yield (19.9%) and ultrahigh purity (99.997%) polymer-sorted semiconducting CNTs. Using high-uniformity deposition and pseudo-CMOS design, we demonstrated CNT TFTs with good uniformity and high performance at low operation voltage of 3 V. We tested forty-four 2-µm channel 5-stage ring oscillators on the same flexible substrate (1,056 TFTs). All worked as expected with gate delays of 42.7 ± 13.1 ns. With these high-performance TFTs, we demonstrated 8-stage shift registers running at 50 kHz and the first tunable-gain amplifier with 1,000 gain at 20 kHz. These results show great potentials of using solution-processed CNT TFTs for large-scale flexible electronics.
Phenomenological modelling of non-volatile memory threshold voltage shift induced by nonlinear ionization with a femtosecond laser
Authors: Chiquet Philippe , Chambonneau Maxime , Della Marca Vincenzo , Postel-Pellerin Jérémy , Canet Pierre , Souiki-Figuigui Sarra , Idda Guillaume , Portal Jean-Michel , Grojo David 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe behaviour of semiconductor materials and devices subjected to femtosecond laser irradiation has been under scrutiny, for many reasons, during the last decade. In particular, recent works have shown that the specific functionality and/or geometry of semiconductor devices, among which non-volatile memory (NVM) devices hold a special place, could be used to improve the knowledge about ultrafast laser-semiconductor interactions. So far, such an approach has been applied to draw conclusions about the spatio-temporal properties of laser propagation in bulk materials. Here, by comparing the evolution of the electrical characteristics of Flash cells under the cumulative effect of repeated femtosecond laser pulses with first-order physical considerations and TCAD (Technology Computer Aided Design) simulations, we clearly establish the role of the carriers created by nonlinear ionization on the functionality of the structures. The complete electrical analysis informs indirectly on the energy of the laser-produced free-carriers which, to date, was almost inaccessible by an experimental method applicable to the bulk of a material. Establishing the link between the carrier energy and laser parameters is of major importance to improve the comprehension of the nonlinear ionization mechanisms associated to intense laser-semiconductor interactions and applied in various fields from microelectronics to laser micromachining.
Multiple Lineages of Dengue Virus Serotype 2 Cosmopolitan Genotype Caused a Local Dengue Outbreak in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China, in 2017
Authors: Yu Hua , Kong Qingxin , Wang Jing , Qiu Xiaofeng , Wen Yuanyuan , Yu Xinfen , Liu Muwen , Wang Haoqiu , Pan Jingcao , Sun Zhou 
Published: May 2019

AbstractDuring July to November 2017, a large dengue outbreak involving 1,138 indigenous cases occurred in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China. All patients were clinically diagnosed as mild dengue. Epidemiology investigation and phylogenetic analysis of circulating viruses revealed that at least three lineages of dengue virus serotype 2 (DENV-2) Cosmopolitan genotype initiated the outbreak during a short time. The analysis of the time to most recent common ancestor estimated that the putative ancestor of these DENV-2 lineages might rise no later than March, 2017, suggesting independent introductions of these lineages into Hangzhou. We presumed that group travelers visiting dengue-endemic areas gave rise to multiple introductions of these lineages during so short a time. Co-circulating of multiple DENV-2 lineages, emerging of disease in urban areas, hot and humid weather in Hangzhou adequate for mosquito breeding, and limited dengue diagnosis abilities of local hospitals, were the reasons causing the large local outbreak in Hangzhou.
Retinal Defocus and Form-Deprivation Exposure Duration Affects RPE BMP Gene Expression
Authors: Zhang Yan , Phan Eileen , Wildsoet Christine F. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractIn the context of ocular development and eye growth regulation, retinal defocus and/or image contrast appear key variables although the nature of the signal(s) relayed from the retina to the sclera remains poorly understood. Nonetheless, under optimal visual conditions, eye length is brought into alignment with its optical power to achieve approximate emmetropia, through appropriate adjustment to eye growth. The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), which lies between the retina and choroid/sclera, appears to play a crucial role in this process. In the investigations reported here, we used a chick model system to assess the threshold duration of exposure to lens-imposed defocus and form-deprivation necessary for conversion of evoked retinal signals into changes in BMP gene expression in the RPE. Our study provides evidence for the following: 1) close-loop, optical defocus-guided (negative and positive lenses) bidirectional BMP gene expression regulation, 2) open-loop, form-deprivation (diffusers)-induced down-regulation of BMP gene expression, and 3) early, transient up-regulation of BMP gene expression in response to both types of lens and diffuser applications. The critical exposure for accurately encoding retinal images as biological signals at the level of the RPE is in the order of minutes to hours, depending on the nature of the visual manipulations.
Comparative Analysis of Eleven Healthcare-Associated Outbreaks of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (Mers-Cov) from 2015 to 2017
Authors: Bernard-Stoecklin Sibylle , Nikolay Birgit , Assiri Abdullah , Bin Saeed Abdul Aziz , Ben Embarek Peter Karim , El Bushra Hassan , Ki Moran , Malik Mamunur Rahman , Fontanet Arnaud , Cauchemez Simon , Van Kerkhove Maria D. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractSince its emergence in 2012, 2,260 cases and 803 deaths due to Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) have been reported to the World Health Organization. Most cases were due to transmission in healthcare settings, sometimes causing large outbreaks. We analyzed epidemiologic and clinical data of laboratory-confirmed MERS-CoV cases from eleven healthcare-associated outbreaks in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and the Republic of Korea between 2015–2017. We quantified key epidemiological differences between outbreaks. Twenty-five percent (n = 105/422) of MERS cases who acquired infection in a hospital setting were healthcare personnel. In multivariate analyses, age ≥65 (OR 4.8, 95%CI: 2.6–8.7) and the presence of underlying comorbidities (OR: 2.7, 95% CI: 1.3–5.7) were associated with increased mortality whereas working as healthcare personnel was protective (OR 0.07, 95% CI: 0.01–0.34). At the start of these outbreaks, the reproduction number ranged from 1.0 to 5.7; it dropped below 1 within 2 to 6 weeks. This study provides a comprehensive characterization of MERS HCA-outbreaks. Our results highlight heterogeneities in the epidemiological profile of healthcare-associated outbreaks. The limitations of our study stress the urgent need for standardized data collection for high-threat respiratory pathogens, such as MERS-CoV.
Temporal escalation of Pyrethroid Resistance in the major malaria vector Anopheles coluzzii from Sahelo-Sudanian Region of northern Nigeria
Authors: Ibrahim Sulaiman S. , Mukhtar Muhammad M. , Datti Jamila A. , Irving Helen , Kusimo Michael O. , Tchapga Williams , Lawal Nura , Sambo Fatima I. , Wondji Charles S. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractDespite the highest global burden of malaria, information on bionomics and insecticide resistance status of malaria vectors is grossly lacking in the densely populated Sahelo-Sudanian region of Nigeria. To support evidence-based vector control we characterised transmission and resistance profiles ofAnopheles coluzziipopulations from three sites in northern Nigeria. High sporozoite infection (~19.51%) was found in theAn.coluzziipopulations. A high pyrethroid resistance was observed with only 1% mortality against deltamethrin, a high LD50(96.57 µg/ml), and a high LT50(170.27 min, resistance ratio of ~51 compared with the fully susceptible Ngoussou colony). Moderate carbamate resistance was observed. Synergist bioassays significantly recovered deltamethrin susceptibility implicating CYP450s (mortality = 85%, χ2 = 134.04, p < 0.0001) and esterases (mortality = 56%, χ2 = 47.31, p < 0.0001). Reduced bed net efficacy was also observed, with mortalities on exposure to the roof of PermaNet3.0 (PBO + deltamethrin) more than 22 times compared to the side panel (deltamethrin). TaqMan genotyping revealed a high frequency of 1014Fkdrmutation (82%) with significant difference in genotype distribution associated with permethrin resistance [OR = 4.69 (CI:1.53–14.35, χ2 = 8.22 p = 0.004]. Sequencing of exons 18–21 of the VGSC led to detection of two additional nonsynonymous mutations, Ile10148Asn and Ser1156Gly. These findings highlight the threats posed by the highly resistantAn.coluzziito malaria control in Nigeria.
Mass killing by female soldier larvae is adaptive for the killed male larvae in a polyembryonic wasp
Authors: Otsuki Takahiro , Uka Daisuke , Ito Hiromu , Ichinose Genki , Nii Momoka , Morita Satoru , Sakamoto Takuma , Nishiko Maaya , Tabunoki Hiroko , Kobayashi Kazuya , Matsuura Kenji , Iwabuchi Kikuo , Yoshimura Jin 
Published: May 2019

AbstractSelf-sacrifice is very rare among organisms. Here, we report a new and astonishing case of adaptive self-sacrifice in a polyembryonic parasitic wasp, Copidosoma floridanum. This wasp is unique in terms of its larval cloning and soldier larvae. Male clone larvae have been found to be killed by female soldier larvae, which suggests intersexual conflict between male and female larvae. However, we show here that mass killing is adaptive to all the killed males as well as the female soldiers that have conducted the killing because the killing increases their indirect fitness by promoting the reproduction of their clone sibs. We construct a simple model that shows that the optimal number of surviving males for both male and female larvae is very small but not zero. We then compare this prediction with the field data. These data agree quite well with the model predictions, showing an optimal killing rate of approximately 94–98% of the males in a mixed brood. The underlying mechanism of this mass kill is almost identical to the local competition for mates that occurs in other wasp species. The maternal control of the sex ratio during oviposition, which is well known in other hymenopterans, is impossible in this polyembryonic wasp. Thus, this mass kill is necessary to maximize the fitness of the female killers and male victims, which can be seen as an analogy of programmed cell death in multicellular organisms.
3,5-T2 and 3,3′,5-T3 Regulate Cerebellar Thyroid Hormone Signalling and Myelin Molecular Dynamics in Tilapia
Authors: Hernández-Linares Y. , Olvera A. , Villalobos P. , Lozano-Flores C. , Varela-Echavarría A. , Luna M. , Orozco A. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractIn contrast to mammalian adults, myelination in teleosts occurs throughout their lifespan and most of the progenitor cells are originated in the cerebellum. To understand the role that thyroid hormones (THs) play in juvenile cerebellar myelination in teleosts, we identified and localised the expression of genes involved in TH signalling (mct8, oatp1c1, dio2, dio3, thraa and l-thrb1) and analysed the effects of the two bioactive THs, T2 and T3, upon their regulation, as well as upon some structural components of the myelination process. Ex vivo approaches using organotypic cerebellar cultures followed by FISH and qPCR showed gene-specific localisation and regulation of TH signalling genes in the cerebellar nuclei. In vivo approaches using methimazole (MMI)-treated juvenile tilapias replaced with low doses of T3 and T2 showed by immunofluorescence that myelin fibres in the cerebellum are more abundant in the granular layer and that their visible size is reduced after MMI treatment but partially restored with TH replacement, suggesting that low doses of TH promote the re-myelination process in an altered condition. Together, our data support the idea that T2 and T3 promote myelination via different pathways and prompt T2 as a target for further analysis as a promising therapy for hypomyelination.