bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Entecavir treatment of hepatitis B virus‐infected patients with severe renal impairment and those on hemodialysis
Authors: Suzuki Kazuharu , Suda Goki , Yamamoto Yoshiya , Furuya Ken , Baba Masaru , Kimura Megumi , Maehara Osamu , Shimazaki Tomoe , Yamamoto Koji , Shigesawa Taku , Nakamura Akihisa , Ohara Masatsugu , Kawagishi Naoki , Nakai Masato , Sho Takuya , Natsuizaka Mitsuteru , Morikawa Kenichi , Ogawa Koji , Sakamoto Naoya ,   for the NORTE Study Group
Published: July 2019

AimEntecavir (ETV), tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF), and tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) are first‐line nucleos(t)ide analogues for hepatitis B virus (HBV)‐infected patients. However, consecutive TDF treatment causes renal dysfunction, and the safety and efficacy of TAF have not been established in severe renal dysfunction patients, including hemodialysis patients. The efficacy and safety of ETV in these populations has not been clarified. The study aimed to clarify this.MethodsIn this retrospective multicenter study, between 2006 and 2018, a total of 567 HBV‐infected patients treated with ETV monotherapy were screened. Patients were included if >20 years old, treated with ETV monotherapy for >1 year, and had proper clinical information. The efficacy of ETV and changes in renal function were evaluated according to renal function.ResultsA total of 273 patients were included: 9.2% (25/273), 1.8% (5/273), and 3.7% (10/273) had chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage G3, CKD stage G4/5, and were on hemodialysis, respectively. Overall, 84.2%, 94.0%, and 96.2% of patients experienced serum HBV‐DNA disappearance at 1, 2, and 3 years, respectively, after treatment initiation. In patients with CKD stage G3–5, estimated glomerular filtration rate tended to restore with time, which was in contrast to patients without renal dysfunction. The rate of disappearance in serum HBV‐DNA, alanine transaminase normalization, and virological breakthrough was similar between patients with or without renal dysfunction. ETV showed high efficacy for all 10 hemodialysis patients without virological breakthrough.ConclusionsEntecavir for HBV‐infected patients with severe renal dysfunction, including hemodialysis patients, is highly effective and does not affect renal function.
Comprehensive genetic analysis of cholangiolocellular carcinoma with a coexistent hepatocellular carcinoma‐like area and metachronous hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Kawai‐Kitahata Fukiko , Asahina Yasuhiro , Kaneko Shun , Tsuchiya Jun , Sato Ayako , Miyoshi Masato , Tsunoda Tomoyuki , Inoue‐Shinomiya Emi , Murakawa Miyako , Nitta Sayuri , Itsui Yasuhiro , Nakagawa Mina , Azuma Seishin , Kakinuma Sei , Tanabe Minoru , Sugawara Emiko , Takemoto Akira , Ojima Hidenori , Sakamoto Michiie , Muraoka Masaru , Takano Shinichi , Maekawa Shinya , Enomoto Nobuyuki , Watanabe Mamoru 
Published: July 2019

AimThe genetic profile of cholangiolocellular carcinoma (CLC) and its origin in relation to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain unclear. To elucidate the genetic profile of CLC, a comprehensive analysis of genetic mutations was carried out in a case of CLC with an HCC‐like focal area and metachronous HCC.MethodLiver tissue was obtained from CLC, a co‐existent HCC‐like area, and metachronously developed HCC by laser capture microdissection of formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded specimens obtained by hepatectomy. Gene mutational profiles were analyzed comprehensively by next‐generation sequencing and digital PCR. Relationships among gene profiles, immunohistochemistry, and clinicopathological findings were investigated.ResultsMutations in EGFR, PTEN, RB1, TP53, and ERBB2 were found in CLC, whereas mutations in KIT, BRAF, PTEN, TP53, and SMAD4 were found in the coexistent HCC‐like area. Only the mutation in PTEN has a common Catalogue of Somatic Mutations in Cancer ID in the CLC and coexistent HCC‐like area, and is related to the kinase‐RAS module. In contrast, no cancer‐related mutations were found in the metachronous HCC. No TERT mutations were found in any of the regions by digital PCR. Immunohistochemical staining for p53 was negative in CLC, although ≤10% positive in the coexistent HCC‐like area. Immunostaining of C‐kit, HER2, PTEN, and SMAD4 were negative.ConclusionThe genomic features of CLC and the focal area of an HCC‐like region differ, but are related to the kinase‐RAS module. The development of carcinogenesis in the CLC and HCC‐like areas in this case might differ, following a common PTEN mutation, although alteration of the kinase‐RAS module is the most common molecular event in CLC.
Lipopolysaccharide‐induced DNA damage response activates nuclear factor κB signalling pathway via GATA4 in dental pulp cells
Authors: Qiao W. , Huang Y. , Bian Z. , Sun X. , Wang X. , Gao Q. , Peng Y. , Meng L. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAimTo investigate the role of GATA‐binding protein 4 (GATA4) in the inflammatory response induced by DNA double‐strand breaks (DSBs) in human dental pulp cells (hDPCs).MethodologyLipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used for stimulating inflammation in dental pulp tissue in vivo and hDPCs in vitro. Expression levels of GATA4 and γ‐H2A.X (a marker for DSBs) were detected at different stages of pulpitis in a rat model and human pulp tissues by immunohistochemistry. Real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blot were performed to assess expression of GATA4 and γ‐H2A.X and the activation of nuclear factor κB (NF‐κB) in hDPCs stimulated by LPS. The comet assay was used for detecting the extent of DSBs in hDPCs. Immunocytochemistry and Western blot were utilized to evaluate expression of γ‐H2A.X and GATA4 and activation of NF‐κB in hDPCs pre‐treated with inhibitors of DNA damage response or transfected with GATA4 small interfering RNA before the treatment of LPS. Data were analysed statistically using one‐way anova or Kruskal–Wallis tests.ResultsThe expression of GATA4 and activation of DNA damage response and NF‐κB in inflamed pulp tissue and LPS‐treated hDPCs were identified. Significantly decreased expression of GATA4 and significantly decreased inflammatory processes in hDPCs were demonstrated via suppression of DNA damage response (P < 0.05). In GATA4‐knockdown cells, the expression of γ‐H2A.X did not change, but nuclear translocation of p65 was significantly suppressed (P < 0.05) upon induction by LPS.ConclusionsLipopolysaccharide‐induced DSBs activated the NF‐κB signalling pathway in hDPCs, and GATA4 acts as a positive moderator of the progress. The involvement of GATA4 in this pathology may serve as a therapeutic target in pulpitis.
Comparison of perioperative outcomes of robot‐assisted partial nephrectomy without renorrhaphy: Comparative outcomes of cT1a versus cT1b renal tumors
Authors: Tohi Yoichiro , Murata Shiori , Makita Noriyuki , Suzuki Issei , Kubota Masashi , Sugino Yoshio , Inoue Koji , Kawakita Mutsushi 
Published: July 2019

ObjectivesTo assess the perioperative outcomes of robot‐assisted partial nephrectomy without renorrhaphy for cT1b renal tumors compared with cT1a.MethodsFrom February 2015 to May 2018, 100 robot‐assisted partial nephrectomy patients who underwent robot‐assisted partial nephrectomy without renorrhaphy for renal tumors were included. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records, and compared the perioperative outcomes of 66 and 34 patients for cT1a and cT1b tumors, respectively. Inner suture was carried out in the opened collecting system or renal sinus, whereas parenchymal renorrhaphy was not. For hemostasis, the soft‐coagulation system was used, and absorbable hemostats were placed on the resection bed.ResultsThe median tumor size and RENAL nephrometry score were significantly different between the two groups (cT1a vs cT1b: 23.5 vs 45 mm, P < 0.001, 6 vs 8, P < 0.001). The median operating time and warm ischemic time were significantly longer in the cT1b group than in the cT1a group (154 vs 184 min, P < 0.001; 14 vs 21 min, P < 0.001). The median blood loss was not significantly different (2.5 vs 50 mL, P = 0.109). The positive surgical margin rate was 4.5% versus 11.7% (P = 0.22). Postoperative complications classified as Clavien–Dindo grade III or higher were port‐site herniation (one patient), acute cholecystitis (one patient) and pseudoaneurysm (one patient) in the cT1b group. Urinary leakage was not observed in the two groups.ConclusionsRobot‐assisted partial nephrectomy without renorrhaphy using the soft‐coagulation system and absorbable hemostats appears to be feasible for renal or cT1b tumors. However, longer warm ischemic time and a high rate of complications can be expected compared with cT1a tumors.
Clinical efficacy of open‐irrigated electrode cooled with half‐normal saline for initially failed radiofrequency ablation of idiopathic outflow tract ventricular arrhythmias
Authors: Chung Fa‐Po , Vicera Jennifer Jeanne B. , Lin Yenn‐Jiang , Chang Shih‐Lin , Lo Li‐Wei , Hu Yu‐Feng , Lin Chin‐Yu , Tuan Ta‐Chuan , Chao Tze‐Fan , Liao Jo‐Nan , Chang Ting‐Yung , Salim Simon , Liu Chih‐Min , Chuang Chieh‐Mao , Chen Chun‐Chao , Chin Chye Gen , Wu Cheng‐I , Chou Ching‐Yao , Chen Shih‐Ann 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundAcute failure of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of ventricular arrhythmias (VAs) occur in 10%‐20% of patients and is partly attributed to inadequate lesion depth acquired with standard ablation protocols. Half‐normal saline (HNS)‐irrigation is a promising strategy to improve the success rate of VA ablation.ObjectiveThis study investigated the efficacy of HNS‐irrigated ablation after a failed standard plain normal saline solution (PNSS)‐irrigated ablation on idiopathic outflow tract ventricular arrhythmia (OT‐VA).MethodThis is a prospective observational study of consecutive patients undergoing RFA of idiopathic OT‐VA comparing the efficacy of additional HNS‐irrigated ablation for failed standard PNSS‐irrigated ablation. Acute failure was defined as persistence of spontaneous VA or persistent inducibility of the clinical VA.ResultsOut of 160 OT‐VA cases (51 ± 15‐year‐old, 62 males), 31 underwent HNS irrigation after a failed standard PNSS‐irrigated ablation. The HNS group had a significantly longer procedure time (60.06 ± 43.83 vs 37.51 ± 33.40 minutes; P = .013) and higher radiation exposure (31.45 ± 20.24 vs 17.22 ± 15.25 minutes; P = .001) than the PNSS group but provided an additional acute success in 21 of 31 (67.7%) patients. Over a follow‐up duration of 7.8 ± 4.6 months, 24 recurrences were identified, including 8 (25.8%) in the HNS and 16 (12.4%) in the PNSS group, with lower freedom from recurrence in the HNS group (log rank P = .009). No major complication was observed.ConclusionHNS‐irrigated ablation after failed standard PNSS‐irrigated ablation is safe and additionally improves acute ablation success by 67.7% for idiopathic OT‐VA but with a higher rate of recurrence on follow‐up. Whether the application of HNS as initial irrigant could result in better outcome requires further investigation.
High prevalence of non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease among hidradenitis suppurativa patients independent of classic metabolic risk factors
Authors: Durán‐Vian C. , Arias‐Loste M.T. , Hernández J.L. , Fernández V. , González M. , Iruzubieta P. , Rasines L. , González‐Vela C. , Vaqué J.P. , Blanco R. , Crespo J. , González‐López M.A. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundSome chronic inflammatory skin diseases, such as psoriasis, have been associated with an increased prevalence of non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Nevertheless, this prevalence in hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) has not been assessed to date.ObjectivesTo determine the prevalence of NAFLD in patients with HS and the risk factors associated with this disorder.MethodsThis case–control study enrolled 70 HS patients and 150 age‐ and gender‐matched controls who were evaluated by hepatic ultrasonography (US) and transient elastography (TE) after excluding other secondary causes of chronic liver disease. The diagnosis of NAFLD was established if US and/or TE were altered.ResultsThe prevalence of NAFLD was significantly increased in patients with HS compared to controls (72.9% vs. 24.7%: P < 0.001). In the multivariable regression model adjusted for age, sex and classic metabolic risk factors for NAFLD, HS was significantly and independently associated with the presence of NAFLD [OR 7.75 confidence interval (CI) 2.54–23.64; P < 0.001].ConclusionsOur results show a high prevalence of NAFLD in HS patients independent of classic metabolic risk factors. Therefore, we suggest HS patients to be evaluated for NAFLD and managed accordingly.
Three‐dimensional modeling of heat transfer during freezing of suspended and in‐contact‐with‐a‐surface yellow potatoes and ullucus
Authors: Salas‐Valerio Walter , Solano‐Cornejo Miguel , Zelada‐Bazán Moisés , Vidaurre‐Ruiz Julio 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe aim of this research was to model the heat transfer during the freezing process of cubed yellow potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.) and ullucus (Ullucus tuberosus Caldas). A mathematical model was developed using the three‐dimensional (3D) finite difference scheme to simulate the freezing process of suspended and in‐contact‐with‐a‐surface cubic particles. The thermophysical properties were predicted using the proximal composition and the convective heat transfer coefficient (h) was obtained by optimizing the root mean square error (RMSE) value. A pseudo h was included to simulate the heat transfer of cubic particles in‐contact‐with‐a‐surface. Low values of h were found for suspended frozen cubes (17–27 W/m2°C) and high values of pseudo h (295–371 W/m2°C) were determined for frozen cubes in‐contact‐with‐a‐surface. An excellent agreement was observed between experimental and predicted temperatures histories (RMSE: 0.6–1.7°C) at different thermocouples positions. In conclusion, the developed model simulated correctly the freezing profile of potato and ullucu in cubic shape. With this model, the possible effects of h and external temperature on freezing times of these vegetables under different positions were evaluated and were represented by polynomial equations that could be used in the industry.Practical ApplicationsIn this research, a simple and easy‐to‐implement mathematical model was developed to simulate the heat transfer during freezing process of yellow potatoes and ullucus in cubes. The 3D finite difference scheme developed can be used to simulate the freezing of suspended cubed food, as is the case of fluidized bed freezers, or that are in contact with a metal surface, as in plate freezers. In addition, this study presented polynomial equations that allow the quick and precise calculation of the freezing times of cubed yellow potatoes and ullucus.
Association of FUT2 and ABO with Crohn's disease in Koreans
Authors: Ye Byong Duk , Kim Byoung Mok , Jung Seulgi , Lee Ho‐Su , Hong Myunghee , Kim Kihyun , Moon Jung Won , Baek Jiwon , Oh Eun Hye , Hwang Sung Wook , Park Sang Hyoung , Yang Suk‐Kyun , Song Kyuyoung 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackground and AimFucosyltransferase 2 (FUT2) at 19q13 is a well‐established susceptibility locus for Crohn's disease (CD) in Caucasians. FUT2 encodes α‐1,2‐fucosyltransferase that regulates the secretion of the α‐1‐2‐N‐acetylgalactosaminyltransferase and α‐1‐3‐galactosyltransferase (ABO) antigens in both the gastrointestinal mucosa and secretory glands. Given that CD is thought to arise from dysregulated mucosal immune responses to the gut flora and both the ABO blood group and the FUT2 secretor status affect the composition of the gut microbiota, the goal of this study was to evaluate the associations of variants of FUT2 and ABO with CD in Koreans.MethodsThree single‐nucleotide polymorphisms from the FUT2 and ABO genes were genotyped in 1735 patients with CD and 8074 healthy controls.ResultsThe FUT2 non‐secretor allele showed genome‐wide significant association with CD in Koreans (rs1047781, odds ratio [OR] = 1.30, Pcombined = 3.52 × 10−12). The ABO locus showed genome‐wide significant association with CD in Asians (Pmeta = 2.35 × 10−8). A moderate association was observed with the A and B groups (OR = 1.40, P = 2.26 × 10−6; and OR = 1.32, P = 1.92 × 10−4, respectively) compared with the O group. Following stratification on the basis of FUT2 genotype, carriers of the secretor O blood group were significantly protective against CD than were those of the secretor non‐O blood group (OR = 0.63, 95% confidence interval = 0.54–0.73, P = 2.86 × 10−9).ConclusionsThese are the first results indicating that the O blood group and FUT2 secretor status are protective factors against CD in Asians.
The use of topical Nitrosomonas eutropha for cosmetic improvement of facial wrinkles
Authors: Notay Manisha , Saric‐Bosanac Suzana , Vaughn Alexandra R. , Dhaliwal Simran , Trivedi Megha , Reiter Paloma N. , Rybak Iryna , Li Connie C. , Weiss Larry B. , Ambrogio Lauren , Burney Waqas , Sivamani Raja K. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundBoth topical and oral probiotics are becoming widely used. There is increasing interest in the cosmetic potential in topical probiotics. Nitrosomonas eutropha is an ammonia‐oxidizing bacteria.AimThe purpose of this study was to assess whether there is any improvement in facial wrinkles with the use of Nitrosomonas eutropha, a topical probiotic.MethodsIn this prospective study, high‐resolution photographs were obtained in twenty‐nine participants at baseline and after using topical Nitrosomonas eutropha for seven days.ResultsThere was a significant difference in wrinkle depth and severity in the high concentration probiotic group. There was also a statistically significant improvement in pigmentation of the forehead and glabella in the higher concentration group.ConclusionsNitrosomonas eutropha may have aesthetic benefits in terms of reducing the appearance of wrinkles. Larger studies with longer treatment and follow‐up periods are required.
Role of oxidative stress in follicular fluid on embryos of patients undergoing assisted reproductive technology treatment
Authors: Terao Hiromi , Wada‐Hiraike Osamu , Nagumo Aiko , Kunitomi Chisato , Azhary Jerilee M. K. , Harada Miyuki , Hirata Tetsuya , Hirota Yasushi , Koga Kaori , Fujii Tomoyuki , Osuga Yutaka 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAimOxidative stress (OS) is defined as an imbalance between oxidants and antioxidants in favor of the oxidants, and the disruption of redox signaling leads to molecular damages. This study was conducted to clarify the effect of OS in individual follicular fluid (FF) on oocyte fertilization and embryonic division.MethodsA total of 124 patients who underwent assisted reproductive technology treatment in our hospital underwent intracytoplasmic sperm injection and 211 FF were collected. The ova were fertilized, and embryos were individually cultured until cleavage stage or blastocyst stage and classified according to the Veeck classification system or Gardner classification system.ResultsThe follicular fluid corresponding to the ovum was analyzed by measuring the OS marker, the reactive oxygen metabolites (d‐ROM test), and the antioxidant marker (biological antioxidant potential marker [BAP] test), and the relation between these markers and clinical parameters was analyzed. The value of d‐ROM was correlated with the proper fertilization status and formation of good quality cleavage embryo, whereas the elevated value of BAP was observed in better embryonic development group. Oxidative stress index, defined as d‐ROM/BAP × 100 clearly indicated that lower oxidative stress index was associated with better fertilization status and embryo development.ConclusionOur results clearly indicate that the balance between OS and antioxidant capacity in FF at the time of oocyte retrieval is possibly important in the processes of fertilization and embryo division; thus, we propose that oxidative status and balance in FF might be used as novel biomarkers in assisted reproductive technology.
Thiamine deficiency affects glucose transport and β‐oxidation in rats
Authors: Gralak Mikołaj Antoni , Dębski Bogdan , Drywień Małgorzata 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThiamine is recognized as a cofactor for many enzymes involved in intermediary metabolism responsible for energy production. Animal model of thiamine deficiency (TD) included direct evaluation of glucose uptake by estimation of 3H‐deoxyglucose transport across red blood cells membranes and β‐oxidation of fatty acids in isolated leucocytes. Feeding of animals with the thiamine‐deficient diet (0.018 mg/kg diet) for 30 days resulted in disturbances in energy production. The thiamine intake was limited not only by vitamin B1 deficiency in the diet, but also by time‐dependent drop of feed consumption by rats fed this diet. At the end of experiment, diet consumption in this group of rats was 52% lower than in the control group. This was accompanied by low glucose uptake by erythrocytes of rats suffering vitamin B1 deficiency for longer time. At the end of experimental period, glucose uptake was over 2 times lower in TD erythrocytes than in control RBC. Such drop of energy production was not compensated by delivery of energy from fatty acid degradation. In leucocytes from TD rats, the β‐oxidation was also suppressed. Observed significant decrease of serum insulin from 2.25 ± 0.25 ng/ml (day 0) to 1.94 ± 0.17 ng/ml (day 30) might have significant impact on observed energy production disorders. The results from this study indicate that the thiamine deficiency significantly reduces feed intake and causes modest abnormalities in glucose and fatty acid utilization.
Effects of UV Radiation on Photosynthesis, Antioxidant Capacity and the Accumulation of Bioactive Compounds in Gracilariopsis longissima, Hydropuntia cornea and Halopithys incurva (Rhodophyta)
Authors: Álvarez‐Gómez Félix , Korbee Nathalie , Figueroa Félix L. 
Published: July 2019

The red macroalgae Hydropuntia cornea, Gracilariopsis longissima and Halopithys incurva were cultured for 14 d under laboratory conditions, in enriched seawater with a high nutrient content (N‐NH4+ and P‐PO43−) and two radiation regimes: PAR (400–700 nm) and PAB (280–700 nm). The UV radiation effects under high availability of nutrients on growth, photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a, carotenoids and phycobiliproteins), photosynthetic activity and biochemical composition were studied. Maximum quantum yield (Fv/Fm) was not significantly different among the PAR and PAB treatments during the experiment. However, the maximum electronic transport rate (ETRmax) increased over time, showing the highest values in PAR for H. incurva and H. cornea, whereas for G. longissima it was found in PAB. Photosynthetic efficiency (αETR) decreased over time in the first two species, but increased in G. longissima. Saturation irradiance (EkETR) and maximum nonphotochemical quenching (NPQmax) increased in PAB with time up to 80% and 30%, respectively, indicating a photosynthetic acclimatization like that of sun‐type algae. Five MAAs were identified in all species using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The total content of MAAs increased over time, being 30% higher in H. incurva, 40% in G. longissima and 50% in H. cornea in PAB than in the PAR treatment. Finally, the antioxidant activity was also higher in the PAB treatment. All of the species presented an effective mechanism of photoprotection based on the accumulation of photoprotective compounds with antioxidant activity, as well as a high dissipation of excitation energy (high NPQmax).