bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Amateur endurance athletes’ use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: a cross-sectional survey
Authors: Rudgard William E , Hirsch Christine A , Cox Anthony R 
Published: July 2018

Abstract

Objective
To explore amateur endurance athletes’ use and views about non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).

Methods
An online cross-sectional survey of amateur athletes at four athletic clubs.

Key findings
Of a sample of 129 of amateur athletes, 68% (n = 88) reported using NSAIDs in the previous 12 months (84.4% in triathletes, 70.9% in runners and 52.5% in cyclists). Overall, ibuprofen was the most popular drug (n = 48). There was a lack of knowledge of adverse drug reactions, with only 26% of use advised by a doctor or pharmacist.

Conclusions
There is high usage of NSAIDs in amateur athletes, including before and during events, largely without professional health advice. Informational needs of amateur athletes are not being met.
The ontogeny of the spinning apparatus of Tengella perfuga (Araneae: Zoropsidae)
Authors: Alfaro Rachael E. , Griswold Charles E. , Miller Kelly B. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractSilk is the most recognizable trait of spiders, and silk use has changed throughout spider evolutionary history. While morphology of the adult silk spigot has been a useful character for systematics, few studies have examined the ontogeny of the spinning apparatus, and none of these included cribellate spiders. Here, we report the first published full ontogeny of the spinning apparatus of a cribellate spider, Tengella perfuga. We found the presence of expected spigots: major ampullate gland and piriform gland spigots on the anterior lateral spinneret, minor ampullate gland and aciniform gland spigots on the posterior median spinneret, and aciniform gland spigots on the posterior lateral spinneret. Females, but not males, possessed cylindrical gland spigots on both the posterior median and lateral spinnerets. Spiderlings did not possess a functioning cribellum until the third instar. The cribellum grew with increasing numbers of spigots, but functionality was lost in adult males. Most intriguingly, second instars possessed a distinct triad of pre‐spigots on the posterior lateral spinneret. From the third instar onward, these structures formed the modified spigot along with two flanking spigots (in females) or formed nubbins (in males). We suggest that the modified spigot serves as the source of axial lines in the cribellate silk produced in T. perfuga. We also compare spigot ontogeny from previous studies of ecribellate spiders. These comparisons warrant further exploration using the recent spider tree of life in a phylogenetic comparative analysis of spigot ontogeny datasets, which could yield evidence for homologous spigots across the Araneomorphae, notably the Araneoidea and the Retrolateral Tibial Apophysis (RTA) clades.
BMSCs and miR‐124a ameliorated diabetic nephropathy via inhibiting notch signalling pathway
Authors: Sun Jiping , Zhao Fei , Zhang Wenjing , Lv Jia , Lv Jing , Yin Aiping 
Published: July 2018

AbstractBMSCs are important in replacement therapy of diabetic nephropathy (DN). MiR‐124a exerts effect on the differentiation capability of pancreatic progenitor cells. The objective of this study was to explore the molecular mechanisms, the functions of miR‐124a and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in the treatment of DN. Characterizations of BMSCs were identified using the inverted microscope and flow cytometer. The differentiations of BMSCs were analysed by immunofluorescence assay and DTZ staining. The expression levels of islet cell‐specific transcription factors, apoptosis‐related genes, podocytes‐related genes and Notch signalling components were detected using quantitative real‐time reverse transcription PCR (qRT‐PCR) and Western blot assays. The production of insulin secretion was detected by adopting radioimmunoassay. Cell proliferation and apoptosis abilities were detected by CCK‐8, flow cytometry and TUNEL assays. We found that BMSCs was induced into islet‐like cells and that miR‐124a could promote the BMSCs to differentiate into islet‐like cells. BMSCs in combination with miR‐124a regulated islet cell‐specific transcription factors, apoptosis‐related genes, podocytes‐related genes as well as the activity of Notch signalling pathway. However, BMSCs in combination with miR‐124a relieved renal lesion caused by DN and decreased podocyte apoptosis caused by HG. The protective effect of BMSCs in combination with miR‐124a was closely related to the inactivation of Notch signalling pathway. MSCs in combination with miR‐124a protected kidney tissue from impairment and inhibited nephrocyte apoptosis in DN.
Retracted: MircoRNA‐1275 promotes proliferation, invasion and migration of glioma cells via SERPINE1
Authors: Wu Dong‐Mei , Wang Shan , Wen Xin , Han Xin‐Rui , Wang Yong‐Jian , Fan Shao‐Hua , Zhang Zi‐Feng , Shan Qun , Lu Jun , Zheng Yuan‐Lin 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThis study was designed to explore the relationship between miR‐1275 and SERPINE1 and its effects on glioma cell proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis. Differentially expressed miRNAs and mRNAs in glioma tissues were screened out by bioinformatic analysis. Dual‐luciferase reporter gene assay was used to validate the targeted relationship between miR‐1275 and SERPINE1. qRT‐PCR was used to detect the expression of miR‐1275 and SERPINE1 in glioma tissues. The expressions of SERPINE1 and p53 pathway‐related proteins in glioma cells were detected by western blot. Glioma cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion were respectively detected by CCK‐8 assay, flow cytometry, wound healing assay and transwell assay. Tumour xenograft model was developed to study the influence of miR‐1275 and SERPINE1 on glioma growth in vivo. The results of microarray analysis, qRT‐PCR and western blot showed that miR‐1275 was low‐expressed while SERPINE1 was high‐expressed in glioma. Dual‐luciferase assay showed that miR‐1275 could bind to SERPINE1. Overexpression of miR‐1275 could promote the p53 pathway‐related proteins’ expression. Highly expressed miR‐1275 could repress the migration, proliferation and invasion of glioma cells while highly expressed SERPINE1 had inverse effects. Tumour xenograft showed that up‐regulated miR‐1275 or down‐regulated SERPINE1 could repress glioma growth in vivo. Up‐regulation of miR‐1275 activated p53 signalling pathway via regulating SERPINE1 and therefore suppressed glioma cell proliferation, invasion and migration, whereas promoted cell apoptosis.
A randomized, intraindividual, non‐inferiority, Phase III study comparing daylight photodynamic therapy with BF‐200 ALA gel and MAL cream for the treatment of actinic keratosis
Authors: Dirschka T. , Ekanayake‐Bohlig S. , Dominicus R. , Aschoff R. , Herrera‐Ceballos E. , Botella‐Estrada R. , Hunfeld A. , Kremser M. , Schmitz B. , Lübbert H. , Puig S. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractBackgroundThe most effective treatment modality for actinic keratosis (AK) is photodynamic therapy (PDT). Major obstacles of PDT are the need of a special illumination device and pain accompanying the illumination. These issues may be overcome by replacing an artificial high‐power light source with natural daylight for more extended illumination at lower light doses.ObjectiveTo determine whether BF‐200 ALA (a nanoemulsion gel containing 7.8% 5‐aminolaevulinic acid) is non‐inferior to MAL (a cream containing 16% methyl‐aminolaevulinate) in the treatment of mild‐to‐moderate AK with daylight PDT (dPDT). Non‐inferiority of the primary efficacy variable (total lesion clearance rate per patient's side 12 weeks after PDT) is established if the mean response for BF‐200 ALA is no worse than for MAL, within a statistical margin of Δ = −12.5%.MethodsThe study was performed as an intraindividual comparison with 52 patients in seven centres in Germany and Spain. Each patient received one dPDT. Results include clinical endpoints as well as 1‐year follow‐up results.ResultsTwelve weeks after a single dPDT, 79.8% of the AK lesions treated with BF‐200 ALA gel and 76.5% of the lesions treated with MAL cream were completely cleared. The median of differences was 0.0 with a one‐sided 97.5% CI of 0.0, establishing non‐inferiority (P < 0.0001). Results for secondary efficacy parameters were in line with the primary outcome. Recurrence rates 1 year after the treatment were 19.9% for lesions treated with BF‐200 ALA and 31.6% for lesions treated with MAL. Adverse reactions including pain were mostly mild and transient and identical to those previously described for dPDT.ConclusionDaylight PDT of AK with BF‐200 ALA is well‐tolerated and non‐inferior to MAL/dPDT. The study demonstrates a trend towards higher efficacies after 3 months and significantly lower recurrence rates after 1 year follow‐up.
Effects of Active Learning on Health Literacy and Behavior in Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Uemura Kazuki , Yamada Minoru , Okamoto Hiroshi 
Published: July 2018

OBJECTIVESTo investigate the effects of active learning education on health literacy, cognitive and physical function, physical activity, and dietary habits in older adults.DESIGNRandomized controlled trial.SETTINGRural community in Japan.PARTICIPANTSIndividuals aged 65 and older (N=84) randomly assigned to a health education intervention group (n=42) or a control group (n=42).INTERVENTIONThe intervention group attended a weekly 90‐minute active learning program on exercise, diet and nutrition, and cognitive activity for health promotion in older age for 24 weeks. Active learning included exploratory learning, group work, and self‐planning for behavioral change, which promoted a healthy lifestyle.MEASUREMENTSOutcome measures were obtained at baseline before randomization and at 24 weeks. Comprehensive health literacy was assessed as the primary outcome using the Health Literacy Scale‐14 (HLS‐14) and the 16‐item European Health Literacy Survey Questionnaire (HLS‐EU‐Q16). Cognitive function was evaluated in 4 domains: processing speed, verbal fluency, working memory, and memory. Physical function and amounts of physical activity were also objectively measured.RESULTSHLS‐14, the disease prevention domain of the HLS‐EU‐Q16, category verbal fluency test, Scenery Picture Memory Test, and Timed Up and Go test scores; gait speed; number of steps per day; physical activity levels; and dietary variety scores were significantly improved in the intervention group than the control group.CONCLUSIONThis study suggests that health education through active learning is effective in enhancing comprehensive health literacy, verbal fluency, memory, gait speed, balance ability, physical activity, and dietary variety in older adults.
A System for Managing Staff and Quality of Dementia Care in Assisted Living Facilities
Authors: Simmons Sandra F. , Coelho Chris S. , Sandler Andrew , Schnelle John F. 
Published: July 2018

ObjectivesTo describe a staff management and quality improvement system implemented in an assisted‐living facility (ALF) that provides dementia care.DesignProspective quality improvement project over 13 consecutive months.SettingOne ALF that provides dementia care services.ParticipantsALF residents with dementia (N=57).InterventionA staff management and quality improvement system was implemented for 3 aspects of daily care: morning and evening activity of daily living (ADL) care, nutritional care, and activity engagement.MeasurementsSupervisory staff monitored the quality of daily care processes of all residents and direct care staff using standardized observations. Observational data were summarized into quality measures for each of the 3 daily care areas and ranged from 0% to 100%, with a higher score indicative of better quality. These quality measures were shared with direct care staff in weekly huddles at which feedback was provided about areas in need of improvement. The management team also reviewed the data weekly to discuss strategies for improvement.ResultsThe quality measures in each of the 3 areas improved or remained consistently high over the 13 study months: morning and evening ADL care (83–96%), quality nutritional of care during meals (74–95%), activity engagement (69–97%).ConclusionA staff management and quality improvement system that relies on standardized observations of quality of care, weekly review by managers, and feedback to direct care staff informs areas in need of improvement and supports consistent implementation of quality of care over time for ALF residents receiving dementia care.
Masticatory muscle stretching for the management of sleep bruxism: A randomised controlled trial
Authors: Gouw Simone , de Wijer Anton , Kalaykova Stanimira I. , Creugers Nico H.J. 
Published: July 2018

SummaryBackgroundSleep bruxism is a phenomenon associated with masticatory muscle hyperactivity. While stretching of limb and trunk muscles has been extensively studied for musculoskeletal disorders, little is known about the effectiveness of stretching of masticatory muscles in the management of bruxism.ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to determine the effectiveness of stretching of the masticatory muscles for sleep bruxism.MethodsTwenty four pain‐free individuals with sleep bruxism were randomly assigned to either an intervention group or a control group. Both groups were given sleep hygiene advice and the intervention group additionally received muscle‐stretching exercises for 10 days. Primary outcome measures, bruxism bursts and episodes per hour of sleep, were measured by ambulant polysomnography. Secondary outcome measures were among others pain‐free active maximum mouth opening (MMO) and masseter pressure pain threshold (PPT).ResultsThe number of bruxism episodes per hour of sleep increased more in the intervention group than in the control group (by 1.1 episodes, P = 0.066), as did the number of bruxism bursts per hour of sleep (by 8.6 bursts, P = 0.049). MMO and PPT increased significantly more in the intervention group (by 3.2 mm, P = 0.020; and by 1.0 kg/cm2, P = 0.036, respectively).ConclusionStatic stretching of the masticatory muscles resulted in a minor increase in sleep bruxism episodes (not significant) and bursts (significant). It also led to a significant increase in MMO and PPT. Therefore, masticatory muscle stretching was not effective in reducing sleep bruxism in the absence of pain and/or dysfunction.
Food sales taxes and employment
Authors: Greenhalgh‐Stanley Nadia , Rohlin Shawn , Thompson Jeff 
Published: July 2018

AbstractWe use panel fixed effects estimation with a border approach creating cross‐border county pairs to identify changes in food sales tax rates on employment, payroll, and hiring. Results suggest food sales taxes have a negligible effect on overall employment but adverse effects in the food and beverage stores industry. We find younger workers, who are more likely to work in the food and beverage industry, are more adversely affected when a neighboring state has preferential tax treatment for food. We also determine that omitting food sales tax rates when studying general sales tax effects on employment does not bias estimates.
Social psychology and neoliberalism: A critical commentary on McDonald, Gough, Wearing, and Deville (2017)
Authors: Phelps Joshua M. , White Christopher M. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractMcDonald, Gough, Wearing, and Deville (2017) call for the discipline of social psychology to investigate issues of neoliberalism, consumption and self‐identity more seriously. We make two contributions in relation to their analysis. First, we highlight some current issues associated with neoliberalism as a concept that leave us in doubt regarding the analytical usefulness of the term. Due to its imprecision and over‐extension, predominant association with the left who use it pejoratively, and altered economic circumstances, we are increasingly skeptical of neoliberalism's analytical validity to social psychology. Second, we also stress the importance of interdisciplinarity, but suggest that empirical insights from mainstream social psychology have much to offer social scientists concerned with how current economic developments impact upon self‐identity and social behaviour. We conclude by pointing out that a greater openness to heterodoxy within and between critical and mainstream strands and the wider social sciences are required if social psychologists are going to make more persuasive impacts to the study and resistance of market logic.
Effects of three infusion fluids with different sodium chloride contents on steady‐state serum concentrations of bromide in dogs
Authors: Fukunaga Koya , Matsumoto Hikaru , Wate Michiko , Misawa Karin , Saito Miyoko , Matsuda Hiroshi , Orito Kensuke 
Published: July 2018

AbstractPotassium bromide overdose (bromism) in the management of canine epilepsy has been known. However, a protocol to reduce bromide concentrations rapidly has not been previously established. The effects of three infusion fluids with different chloride contents on the steady‐state serum concentrations of bromide in beagles were determined. After stabilization of the serum bromide concentrations, seven dogs were infused with saline (Na+154 mmol/L; Cl−154 mmol/L), lactated Ringer's (Na+131 mmol/L; Cl−110 mmol/L), or maintenance solutions (Na+35 mmol/L; Cl−35 mmol/L) at a rate of 2 or 10 ml kg−1 hr−1for 5 hr. Serum and urine were collected hourly, and the bromide concentrations were measured. When saline and lactated Ringer's solutions were infused at a rate of 10 ml kg−1 hr−1for 5 hr, serum bromide concentrations were decreased by 14.24% and urine bromide concentrations by 17.63%, respectively. Of all compositions of infusion fluids, only sodium and chloride contents were associated with the decreased serum concentrations and the increased renal clearance of bromide. In summary, saline and lactated Ringer's solutions reduced serum bromide concentrations in a sodium chloride‐dependent manner in dogs were found when infused at 10 ml kg−1 hr−1for 5 hr.
Impact ofABCB1 genotype in Collies on the pharmacokinetics of R‐ and S‐fexofenadine
Authors: Myers Michael J. , Martinez Marilyn , Li Fei , Howard Karyn , Yancy Haile F. , Troutman Lisa , Sharkey Michele 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThirty‐two Collies were used to determine the impact ofABCB1 genotype and phenotype on the plasma pharmacokinetics of fexofenadine's (Fex) R‐ and S‐enantiomers after bolus Fex administration, as human P‐gp exhibits stereoselectivity. Each Collie'sABCB1 genotype and ivermectin (IVM) sensitivity (phenotype) was determined prior to study enrolment. Wild‐type (WT) Collies had lower plasma concentrations of the individual enantiomers as compared to heterozygousIVMnonsensitive (HNS), heterozygousIVM‐sensitive (HS) and homozygous mutant (MUT) Collies. Based on pairwise statistical comparison,WTCollies had statistically significantly lower (AUC0‐last) and peak (Cmax) values compared toHS,HNSandMUTCollies.Tmaxwas not influenced by genotype/phenotype. Inter‐individual variability inPKmetrics tended to be largest forWTCollies. Although the influence of genotype/phenotype on FexPKoccurred with the individual isomers, impairment of S‐Fex absorption, particularly in theMUTdogs, exceeded that associated with R‐Fex. Since Fex elimination occurs primarily via biliary excretion via a transporter other than P‐glycoprotein, and based upon our understanding of Fex absorption kinetics, we attributed these differences primarily to the absorption portion of the profile. These differences are expressed in a stereo‐specific manner. These results demonstrate the potential negative impact on estimates of drug effectiveness and toxicity, especially for P‐gp substrates that do not exhibit Central Nervous System toxicities.
Pharmacokinetic evaluation of marbofloxacin after intravenous administration at different ages in llama crias, and pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic analysis by Monte Carlo simulation
Authors: Rubio‐Langre Sonia , Aguilar‐Sola Soledad , Lorenzutti Augusto Matías , San Andrés Manuel I. , De Lucas José J. , Litterio Nicolás J. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractIn llama crias (tekes), Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus are major pathogens, and marbofloxacin could be a suitable choice. The objectives of this study were (a) to evaluate the serum pharmacokinetics of marbofloxacin (5 mg/kg) after intravenous administration in tekes and simulate a multidose regimen; (b) to emulate pharmacokinetic profiles after single dose and steady‐state conditions by Monte Carlo simulation (c) to determine the MIC of regional strains of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus; (d) to perform a PK/PD analysis by Monte Carlo simulation. Pharmacokinetics of marbofloxacin was evaluated in six animals at 3, 10, 24, 50, and 80 days after birth. Marbofloxacin were determined by HPLC. A steady‐state multi‐dose simulation was carried out, and concentration‐time profiles were generated by Monte Carlo simulation. MIC of marbofloxacin against regional E. coli and S. aureus strains were also determined. Finally, a PK/PD analysis was conducted by Monte Carlo simulation. After pharmacokinetic analysis, clearance showed a trend to increase (0.14 and 0.18 L kg−1 hr−1), and AUC (36.74 and 15.21 μg hr−1 ml−1) and Vss (3.06 and 3.37 L/kg) trended to decrease at 3 and 80 days‐old, respectively, showing accumulation ~50% in animals with 3 days. All strains tested of E. coli (MIC90 = 0.06 μg/ml) and S. aureus (MIC90 = 0.25 μg/ml) were susceptible to marbofloxacin. PK/PD analysis suggests that the therapeutic regimen of marbofloxacin could be effective for infections caused by E. coli strains in animals between 3 and 80 days, with a CFR for Cmax/MIC > 10 of 100% and for AUC24/MIC > 125 of 99.99%; and for infections produced by S. aureus in animals between 3 and 24 days old, with a CFR for Cmax/MIC > 10 of 93.08% and for AUC24/MIC > 60 of 97.01%, but a higher dose should be used in older animals, because PK/PD endpoints were not met.
A systematic review of strategies to reduce sugar‐sweetened beverage consumption among 0‐year to 5‐year olds
Authors: Vercammen K. A. , Frelier J. M. , Lowery C. M. , McGlone M. E. , Ebbeling C. B. , Bleich S. N. 
Published: July 2018

SummaryObjectiveThe objective of this study is to summarize evidence for strategies designed to reduce sugar‐sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption among children aged 0 to 5 years.Data sourcesPubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, CINAHL, ERIC, Cab Abstracts and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials are the electronic databases searched in this systematic review.Study selectionEach included study evaluated an intervention to reduce SSB consumption in children aged 0 to 5 years, was conducted in a high‐income country and was published between 1 January 2000 and 15 December 2017.Data synthesisTwenty‐seven studies met the inclusion criteria. The primary intervention settings were healthcare (n = 11), preschool/daycare (n = 4), home (n = 3), community venues (n = 3) and other settings (n = 6). Overarching strategies which successfully reduced SSB consumption included (i) in‐person individual education, (ii) in‐person group education, (iii) passive education (e.g. pamphlets), (iv) use of technology, (v) training for childcare/healthcare providers and (vi) changes to the physical access of beverages. Studies were of moderate methodological quality (average score of 20.7/29.0 for randomized studies; 3.1/9.0 for non‐randomized studies).ConclusionsEvidence suggests that interventions successful at reducing SSB consumption among 0‐year to 5‐year olds often focused on vulnerable populations, were conducted in preschool/daycare settings, specifically targeted only SSBs or only oral hygiene, included multiple intervention strategies and had higher intervention intensity/contact time.