bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Histopathological study of non neoplastic lesion in cervix at Birat Medical College Teaching Hospital Nepal
Authors: Jha Krishna Kumar , Singh Mrinalini 
Published: April 2019

Introduction: Like in other developing countries non –neoplastic region of cervix in pap smear is most common findings. In Nepal... In Nepal cervical pap-smear screening is not done my most of woman due to lack of aware­ness. The objective of this study is to find the prevalence of non-neoplastic lesion of cervix.
Methods: This was a retrospective study of 486 conventional cervical Pap smears reported from the Department of Pathology. The time period was from March 2015 to May 2018. We used Bethesda system to report our all our slides. All the cases were reviewed by consultant pathologist of Birat medical college. This research is done according to rule of BMCTH.
Results: Total cases were 486 in two years period in which 456 cases were satisfactory for evaluation and 30 cases were unsatisfactory for evaluation which is due to thick neutrophilic exudates, mucous, degen­erative cells and hemorrhage. The age of the patients ranged from 20 to 80 years with an average age of 35.5 years. Non specific inflammatory smear is 440 that is 90.53%, Bacterial vaginosis is 10 that is 2.05%, Candidiasis is 04 that is 0.82% and trichomonas vagenalis is 02 that is 0.41%.
Conclusion: Simple screening test like cervical papanicolaou smear (Pap)can detect the non-neoplastic lesion of cervix. If non-neoplatic lesion of cervix is not treated as soon as possible than the chances of being infertility, salpingitis and even neoplasia is more. So non-neoplastic lesion of cervix is as important as neoplastic lesion of cervix.
Factors of use of labor and production potential of farmers and personal houses of population and management of its development
Authors: Іgnatenko Nikolay 
Published: April 2019

The subject of the research is the processes of formation and use of labor and production potential of farm and private households of the population, management of its improvement and development. The purpose of the work is to identify the factors of formation and level and use of labor and production potential of farmers and private households of the population, as well as the justification on this basis of directions for its improvement and development management for the future. Methodological basis of the article became as general scientific, and special methods of scientific knowledge. In the aggregate of the first – it is abstract-logical, dialectical, monographic, system-structural analysis and synthesis. Among the special methods were used statistical and economic methods (absolute and relative values, grouping, comparison), economic-mathematical (index), survey, modeling. Results of work. The priority value of labor and production potential in the development of farmers' and private households is substantiated. The state of their provision by material and technical means is determined. The level of use of labor resources is revealed. The factors of formation of components of resource potential of farms and private farms are substantiated. The problems and tendencies of development of labor and production potential at the level of the mentioned small forms of agrarian management and management are determined. Directions and sources of its improvement for the future are developed. The field of application of results. Theoretical conclusions and research results can be applied at the teaching of economic disciplines at universities in the training of specialists in the organization of production, management, economics and management. It is advisable to use practical proposals in improving the material and technical and labor supply of farm and private households, in the organization and development of rural areas. Conclusions. In a modern village, residents work in farmers' and private farms to meet the food needs of their own family and additional cash incomes. To improve their productivity, we consider it necessary to improve the production and labor potential. Support and development of social and industrial infrastructure, alternative types of employment, and rural areas as a whole are also of great importance. This is facilitated by the activities of rural communities, other measures of administrative and territorial reform in the countryside.
Human capital and the problems of its reproduction in modern Belarus
Authors: Bazyleva Marina 
Published: April 2019

The subject of analysis is human capital and motivation factors in the Republic of Belarus. The purpose of the study is to determine the nature of human capital and the determination of his motivating factors. Purpose: To determine the nature of human capital, to characterize the place of motivational components in his system, to identify the factors that motivate staff to highly productive labor. Research methods - a system common scientific and private methods of cognition. Results: The definition of the essence of human capital characterize the motivation to work as an essential element of human capital and to consider the role of material motives in its formation. The factors were considered such as GDP per capita, the share of wages in the produced GDP, the share of minimum wages in GDP, unemployment, unemployment benefits, especially pension system. Scope results – activities of management in the field of labor relations. Conclusions: In order to increase the motivational components of human capital necessary to pay attention to the GDP growth, increasing the share of wages in the produced GDP, increase of minimum wages in GDP, improving the mechanism of regulation of the labor market in terms of unemployment and improving the pension system.
Modern high-speed transportation trends in the context of Ukraine’s european integration policy: problem definition
Authors: Studinski Volodymyr , Dovgopol Iryna 
Published: April 2019

The article reveals the problem issues of development of transport communication links in the system of European integration policy of Ukraine. In today's conditions of integration development, the role of transport is constantly growing not only as a means of transportation but also as a necessary condition for the development of social, in particular, economic, relations. Ukraine is in the system of transport networks connecting Western, Central Europe with the Eastern part of it, and also historically important in the conjunctions of the Baltic Sea and the Black Sea basin. Therefore, considering Ukraine in the system of European integration policy, it becomes clear that one of the important directions of development is the transport sphere itself. It is worth agreeing with the opinion of domestic experts that the sphere of transport itself plays a significant role in the economy of the country, mediating the process of exchange of goods both on the domestic and foreign markets. Modern trends in the development of vehicles, transport technologies, transport management provide an opportunity to significantly expand the geography of transportation, increase the volume of transport services and innovate approach to the development of own transport infrastructure. Innovative technologies in the field of transport contribute to radical changes not only in the views of trends in the development of advanced technologies, but also the real creation of new vehicles, or the embodiment of the ancient dreams of humanity to move on land for long distances at high speeds. One of these trends is Hyperloop - a draft of a kind of vacuum traction that was proposed by American engineers at the beginning of the 21st century. The project has already gained its commitment in many countries around the world: the USA, China, India, OAU, France, Germany, South Korea, Ukraine and other countries. On the one hand, such a project seems utopian, and on the other - its implementation will encourage new approaches in the transport system and the links between different regions and cities of the European continent in particular. It will also contribute to further deepening integration ties in Europe and the world by means of transport.
Organizational features of formation and use of agricultural enterprises labour force
Authors: Kovtun Valentyna 
Published: April 2019

The subject of the study is a set of organizational features of the formation and use of labor of agricultural enterprises. The aim of the work is to study the features of the organization of the formation and use of labor of agricultural enterprises in a market economy and determine the place and its role in the implementation of the strategy of innovative development of the agricultural economy of Ukraine. The methodological basisof the article is statistical and mathematical methods of clarifying the factors of labor organization in agricultural enterprises, carried out both in the process of its formation and in the process of use. Result of work. The article defines the organizational features of the formation and use of labor of agricultural enterprises, the inevitability of large-scale changes in the structure and quality of the labor force associated with the specifics of agricultural production. The organizational principles of formation and use of labor force in the conditions of formation of innovative technological changes are analyzed. Considerable attention is paid to the analysis of natural, economic and social conditions that require the appropriate quality of the labor force and its General competence, socio-demographic characteristics that determine the supply and demand for it. Scope of application of the results that can be used in the activities of agricultural enterprises in order to form a labor force in terms of equipping with the latest technology and increasing the level of mechanization, electrification and automation of basic labor processes, as well as changes in the complexity of agricultural production, which is accompanied by increased demand for labor than the means of production. Summary. The formation of effective working capacity in agricultural enterprises provides organizational and socio-economic features that provide for their effective use, the use of material incentives and socially oriented motivational mechanisms that will improve the productivity of labor. The most effective way to increase the level of labor use and labor productivity indicators is to effectively support the development of highly productive agricultural production and business, as well as adjusting the structure of the economy in the direction of expanding consumer industries and services. This problem is complex and requires the introduction at the state level and the implementation of an integrated system of legal, economic, social, medical, educational, cultural, organizational and environmental measures.
Economic and legal component of mortgage market development in Ukraine
Authors: Prosov Vyacheslav 
Published: April 2019

The development of the economic and legal component of the mortgage lending system in Ukraine is traced. It was determined that the adoption of the Law of Ukraine «On Property» was the first step towards the formation of the mortgage market in the country. The mortgage system is studied as a factor influencing the accumulation of free funds, their redistribution and risk reduction. The role of mortgage lending in solving socio-economic problems of the country is considered. The necessity of studying the experience of other countries and taking into account national peculiarities for effective development of the mortgage system in Ukraine is substantiated. It was emphasized that the level of development of the mortgage lending market shows the maturity of the financial system development and the degree of confidence of the population of the country in the financial and credit system. The subject of the study is evolution of the economic-legal component of the mortgage market in Ukraine. The purpose of the work is to substantiate the logic of the economic and legal aspect of the formation and development of the system of mortgage lending in Ukraine. To achieve the goal, the system approach was used - to integrate the methodology of scientific knowledge of the history of the development of the financial system in Ukraine as part of the world financial system, which made it possible to establish the need to take into account world experience, current problems and taking into account national specificity; logical-critical analysis - in determining the sequence and extent of the importance of separate legal acts in Ukraine. The practical significance of the results is the possibility of their use to improve the theoretical basis of the formation of the system of mortgage lending in Ukraine. Conclusions. 1) The modern market of mortgage lending is the result of a long, gradual, logical development of the financial market; 2) The level of development of the mortgage lending market indicates the maturity of the financial system and the degree of confidence of the population of the country in the financial and credit system; 3) For a long historical period, the Ukrainian lands belonged to different state formations; accordingly, the laws and the procedure for the formation of the financial system changed, which contributed to its «lagging» in development from the western countries; 4) The first step in shaping the system of mortgage lending in independent Ukraine was the adoption of the Law of Ukraine «On Property», because private property issues are the cornerstone of the country's mortgage system; 5) Mortgage should become an effective financial mechanism that overcomes the problem of accumulation of financial resources of our country in conditions of high inflation; will help to solve the problem of introduction of technological innovations, modernization of agriculture, industrialization of industry, solving chronic and large-scale problems of residential unfinished projects.
Improving the organization of share capital analytical accounting
Authors: Kucherenko Mykola 
Published: April 2019

The research subject is a set of theoretical, methodological and organizational aspects of share capital accounting in agricultural production cooperatives. The aim of the work is to substantiate the methodological basis for share capital accounting, to identify its features, to develop proposals for its improvement. The methodological basis of the article are the general scientific and special economic and accounting methods of scientific knowledge: monographic, generalization, system and structural analysis and synthesis, grouping, graphic, accounting records, double entry, financial reporting. The results of the work.In the article the regulatory legal and organizational support of agricultural cooperatives activities, the methodology of their activities accounting and the specific features of reflection in accordance with the International Financial Reporting Standards aresubstantiated. The most typical operations that determine the characteristics of accounting for the cooperative form of management are considered. The possible ways of the enterprise accounting improvement by improving the organization of share capital analytical accounting are proposed. The field of application of results. The results of the study can be used for accounting and control of agricultural production cooperatives activities. They are also a prerequisite for designing strategies of their development and management. Conclusions according to the article. The content and features of the accounting methodology in cooperative entities are determined by the features of formation and changes of individual components of their equity, in particular share capital and retained earnings (uncovered loss), as well as by the emergence of new objects of accounting and economic relations. Share capital is the economic basis for cooperatives the existence. Therefore, we have proposed our own version of analytical accounting of share capital and cooperative members’ contributions. The format of “Share Accounting Book” used by most of the agricultural cooperatives investigated, does not fully correspond to the information needs of users. Therefore, it was proposed to improve this form of analytical accounting register. To organize the analytical accounting of land ownership, one should use the separate books for land registration. That will provide cooperative management and members with the detailed information onthe land ownership volume and dynamics for the whole business and in relation to its co-owners.
Theoretical and methodological basics of studying the effectiveness of investment in education
Authors: Kozarezenko Liudmyla 
Published: April 2019

The subject of research is the methodology for calculating the effectiveness of investment in education at the public and private levels. The aim of the study is to summarize the theoretical and methodological aspects of the study of the effectiveness of investment in education at the public and private levels. Methods that were used in the research process: the method of comparative analysis, generalization, statistical and other research methods. Study results. The methodology for assessing the effectiveness of investment in education should take into account the fact that education efficiency is a complex category, the structure and content of which can be displayed by various forms of manifestation, namely: 1) in the area of: economic and social, 2) in terms of the level at which they are implemented: micro -, macroeconomic and international; 3) by subjects, receive benefits: internal (for direct participants in the educational process) and external (for “third parties”). At the same time, the effectiveness of the functioning of the educational sphere is determined by diverse factors, namely: 1) social: income level, demographic situation, state employment policy; 2) economic: taxation system, model of education financing (the ratio of public and private expenditures), government investment policy in the field of education, pricing policy in the field of education; 3) political and legal: the level of corruption, the political situation in the country, the national characteristics of the education system. The analysis of the features of the functioning of the educational sphere of Ukraine showed the restraining nature of its development, which, first of all, is associated with shortcomings in the process of state regulation of the sphere of educational services, therefore, taking into account the modern trends in the development of education should be the basis for a new modern methodology for assessing the effectiveness of investment in education. Application of results. The Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine, The Ministry of Finance of Ukraine, The Ministry of Economic Development and Trade of Ukraine. Conclusions. The revealed advantages and disadvantages of existing methods and the lack of a generally accepted method for determining educational efficiency, as well as significantly excellent results of assessments obtained earlier by different authors and conclusions made by them, need to be improved existing or the development of a modern methodology for calculating the effectiveness of education, which is the subject of our further research.
Cyber-threats in Ukraine as a problem in conditions of geopolitical rivalry
Authors: Shimchenko Ljudmila 
Published: April 2019

The subject of research is cyber-threats as an instrument of geopolitical rivalry.The goal of research is to study the impact of cyber-threats on Ukrainian society in conditions of geopolitical rivalry.The research target is to consider the format of the terminological uncertainty of the cyber-threatening problem at a national level; to study the impact of diverse cyber-threats on Ukrainian society and the state; to focus attention on the proposed control mechanisms against the growing cyber-threats in the conditions of geopolitical rivalry.Research methods. In the process of the study, the following research methods were used: a system approach, a search method, synthesis and generalization, an analogical method.Methodological basis of research were the Ukrainian scientists’ works and analytical materials.The results of work. Researching the issue of geostrategic rivalry, the most of the focus is on cyber-struggle. It is found that cyber-security problems increasingly become a problem of the national level, which is traced at the speed of adoption of normative legal decisions with legitimate mechanisms of counteraction to cyber-threats, in the creation of special cyber units to secure cyber resistance and others. The article emphasizes cyber-threats that were the most resonance for the Ukrainian society and the state over recent years, and also attention was paid to the mechanisms used by the authorities to counteract.
The field of application of results. The results of this research can be applied in higher educational establishments of Ukraine to teach such disciplines as National Security, Information Security, Socioeconomic Security, etc.
Conclusions. Cybercrime, cyberattacks, cyberwar are a result of the formation of an information civilization that not only enables to build a more efficient and successful society, but also forms new threats to national security, leads to geopolitical rivalry. The greatest controversy unfolds in regard to cyberspace, so the state should pay more attention to the system of formation of information policy in all its aspects: to provide terminological definiteness; to promote the formation of the proper coordination of activities of various information departments related to cyberspace opportunities; to create an effective training system for special structural cyber units; to cooperate with international agencies trying to provide cybersecurity in the world.
Features of labour organization and work quota setting in Ukraine
Authors: Kucherenko Svitlana , Levaieva Ludmila 
Published: April 2019

In market conditions work quota setting is becoming increasingly important from the standpoint of its using as a tool for measuring, evaluating and regulating economic activity, rather than a tool of coercion to work intended solely for establishing stressful standards and their implementation. The article is devoted to the study of the features of labour organization and work quota setting in Ukraine. The essence and role of work quota setting as a factor of competitiveness growth in modern conditions are considered. The main principles of organization of work quota setting and its objects at Ukrainian enterprises are reviewed. An attention to the main task and functions of work quota setting, its domestic practice and shortcomings is paid. The factors contributing to the improvement of labour organization conditions and labour remuneration are summarized. In this work the general scientific research methods were used, such as the analysis of normative, scientific and educational literature, abstraction, synthesis, classification. The empirical methods used in the work are observations and comparisons. Conclusions: All measures for work quota setting improvement can be grouped in the following areas: 1) reducing the number of workers who do not meet production standards; 2) ensuring the optimal workload of labour standards; 3) increasing in the volume of work quota setting at the enterprises of all workers categories; 4) mandatory revision of standards in the workplaces in the process of organizational and technical activities implementation. Thus, work quota setting contributes to the rational placement of the enterprise employees and the appropriate using of their working time. It affects the improvement of production and labour organization. The norms developed are applied in the process of forming the plans for an enterprise and its structural units with the aim of labour division and cooperation, determination of the necessary amount of equipment and the number of employees, etc.