bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modele pomocy misjom na podstawie działalności Fundacji Pomocy Humanitarnej „Redemptoris Missio” w perspektywie 25 lat (1992-2017) w świetle dokumentacji źródłowej oraz jej periodyków
Authors: Wrzos Marcin 
Published: April 2018

The Poznań Foundation of Humanitarian Relief “Redemptoris Missio” originated twenty-five years ago. Its mission is to provide professional medical assistance to missionaries and mission centers. It is the first foundation which involved lay people in the missionary activity of the Catholic Church. It was also founded mostly by lay people and is still managed by them. Many lay volunteers are also engaged in its work. In this study the author describes the genesis of the Foundation and its goals in the context of the pastoral paradigm. The analytical-critical method of its functioning was analyzed, as well as analysis of the source documents of the foundation. On the basis of the foundation's activities an institutional model of secular involvement in the Church’s missionary activity is presented, which can be replicated in other pastoral centers.
Numerical simulation of two-phase filtration in the near well bore zone
Authors: Maksat Kalimoldayev , Kalipa Kuspanova , Kulyash Baisalbayeva , Orken Mamyrbayev , Assel Abdildayeva 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
On the basis of the fundamental laws of energy conservation, nonstationary processes of filtration of two-phase liquids in multilayered reservoirs in the near well bore zone are considered. Number of reservoirs, fluid pressure in the given reservoirs, reservoir permeability, oil viscosity, etc. are taken into account upon that. Plane-parallel flow and axisymmetric cases have been studied. In the numerical solution, non-structured meshes are used. Closer to the well, the meshes thicken. The integration step over time is defined by the generalized Courant inequality. As a result, there are no large oscillations in the numerical solutions obtained. Oil production rates, Poisson’s ratios, D-diameters of the well, filter height, filter permeability, and cumulative thickness of the filter cake and the area have been taken as the main inputs in numerical simulation of non-stationary processes of two-phase filtration.
Analysis of the Potential of Entrepreneurship Education in Young Children
Authors: García-Rodríguez Fracisco J. , Gutiérrez-Taño Desiderio , Ruiz-Rosa Inés 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Studies of the impact of entrepreneurship education (EE) programmes have tended to focus on adults, in particular on university students. The present study examines the impact of an EE programme on primary school pupils from two perspectives: the effects of the programme on entrepreneurial intention (EI) and the changes in attitudes. The results show a significant increase in the EI of the participating, as well as in their perception of the feasibility of starting a business and the attitudes associated with entrepreneurship. Unlike in adults, the attitudes found to develop in children are those related mostly to self-control and achievement.
Effect of cryopreservation on lymph node fragment regeneration after autologous transplantation in the minipig model
Authors: Hadamitzky Catarina , Perić Hanes , Theobald Sebastian J. , Gratz Klaus Friedrich , Spohr Hendrik , Pabst Reinhard , Vogt Peter M. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractIntroduction:Lymphoedema is a worldwide pandemic causing swelling of tissues due to dysfunctional transport of lymph fluid. Present management concepts are based in conservative palliation of symptoms through manual lymphatic drainage, use of compression garments, manual lymph drainage, exercise, and skin care. Nevertheless, some curative options as autologous lymph node transplantation were shown to reduce lymphoedema in selected cases. Lately, some concern has arisen due to reports of donor site morbidity. A possible solution could be the development of artificial lymph node scaffolds as niches of lymphatic regeneration. Engineering these scaffolds has included cryopreservation of lymph node stroma. However, the effects of cryopreservation on the regeneration capacities of these organs were unknown.Materials and methods:Here, we used the minipig animal model to assess lymphatic regeneration processes after cryopreservation of autologous lymph nodes. Superficial inguinal lymph nodes were excised and conserved at −80°C for 1 month. Thereafter, lymph node fragments were transplanted in the subcutaneous tissue.Results:Regeneration of the lymph nodes was assessed five months after transplantation. We show that lymph node fragment regeneration takes place in spite of former cryopreservation. Transplanted fragments presented typical histological appearance. Their draining capacity was documented by macroscopic transport of Berlin Blue dye as well as through SPECT-CT hybrid imaging.Discussion:In conclusion, our results suggest that processes of cryopreservation can be used in the creation of artificial lymph node scaffolds without major impairment of lymph node fragments regeneration.
Three Mining Charters and a Draft: How the Politics and Rhetoric of Development in the South African Mining Sector are Keeping Communities in Poverty
Authors: Heyns Anri , Mostert Hanri 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
In the postapartheid South African economic landscape, the idea of “empowerment” has been given special meaning in the concept “black economic empowerment,” or BEE. BEE serves as a vehicle for the transformation of the South African economy in general by promoting, amongst other things, increased black ownership and management of businesses, skills development and rural community development. These empowerment aspirations are also pursued in the mining industry in terms of the Mining Charter. The development of mining communities is one of the main features of empowerment in the mining industry. An analysis of the various versions of the Mining Charter shows a certain progression in the approach to the empowerment and development of rural mining communities: There is an increased emphasis on the poverty still faced by these communities, years after the introduction of the first Mining Charter. The question is whether the increased emphasis will mean much for mining communities. This article argues that the empowerment of mining communities in terms of the Mining Charter can be situated in the development paradigm and is subjected to the politics of development. For the purposes of this article, the politics of development refer to the underlying political and ideological assumptions of the idea of development, which have consequences for how a development problem is framed and the development beneficiary is represented. Inevitably, the problem faced by development beneficiaries is reduced to mere poverty, showing how the politics of development will affect how development solutions are constructed. Regarding the Mining Charter specifically, the politics of development causes uncertainty as to who may benefit from community development initiatives. The inability to identify or demarcate the mining community accurately means that the drafters of the Mining Charter can only employ poverty alleviation rhetoric. The rhetoric creates expectations with mining communities that mining companies cannot meet, placing significant pressure on the already volatile relationship between mining companies and mining communities.
Early medical rehabilitation after neurosurgical treatment of malignant brain tumours in Slovenia
Authors: Kos Natasa , Kos Boris , Benedicic Mitja 
Published: April 2018

Abstract

Background
The number of patients with malignant brain tumours is on the rise, but due to the novel treatment methods the survival rates are higher. Despite increased survival the consequences of tumour properties and treatment can have a significant negative effect on the patients’ quality of life. Providing timely and appropriate rehabilitation interventions is an important aspect of patient treatment and should be started immediately after surgery. The most important goal of rehabilitation is to prevent complications that could have a negative effect on the patients’ ability to function.

Conclusions
By using individually tailored early rehabilitation it is often possible to achieve the patients’ independence in mobility as well as in performing daily tasks before leaving the hospital. A more precise evaluation of the patients’ functional state after completing additional oncologic therapy should be performed to stratify the patients who should be directed to complex rehabilitation treatment. The chances of a good functional outcome in patients with malignant brain tumours could be increased with good early medical rehabilitation treatment.
Prognostic factors of choroidal melanoma in Slovenia, 1986–2008
Authors: Jancar Boris , Budihna Marjan , Drnovsek-Olup Brigita , Andrejcic Katrina Novak , Zupancic Irena Brovet , Pahor Dusica 
Published: April 2018

AbstractIntroductionChoroidal melanoma is the most common primary malignancy of the eye, which frequently metastasizes. The Cancer Registry of Slovenia reported the incidence of choroid melanoma from 1983 to 2009 as stable, at 7.8 cases/million for men and 7.4/million for women. The aim of the retrospective study was to determinate the prognostic factors of survival for choroidal melanoma patients in Slovenia.Patients and methodsFrom January 1986 to December 2008 we treated 288 patients with malignant choroidal melanoma; 127 patients were treated by brachytherapy with beta rays emitting ruthenium-106 applicators; 161 patients were treated by enucleation.ResultsPatients with tumours thickness < 7.2 mm and base diameter < 16 mm were treated by brachytherapy and had 5- and 10-year overall mortality 13% and 32%, respectively. In enucleated patients, 5- and 10-year mortality was higher, 46% and 69%, respectively, because their tumours were larger. Thirty patients treated by brachytherapy developed local recurrence. Twenty five of 127 patients treated by brachytherapy and 86 of 161 enucleated patients developed distant metastases. Patients of age ≥ 60 years had significantly lower survival in both treatment modalities. For patients treated by brachytherapy the diameter of the tumour base and treatment time were independent prognostic factors for overall survival, for patients treated by enucleation age and histological type of tumour were independent prognosticators. In first few years after either of treatments, the melanoma specific annual mortality rate increased, especially in older patients, and then slowly decreased.ConclusionsIt seems that particularly younger patients with early tumours can be cured, whereby preference should be given to eyesight preserving brachytherapy over enucleation.
A statistical model describing combined irreversible electroporation and electroporation-induced blood-brain barrier disruption
Authors: Sharabi Shirley , Kos Bor , Last David , Guez David , Daniels Dianne , Harnof Sagi , Mardor Yael , Miklavcic Damijan 
Published: April 2018

Abstract

Background
Electroporation-based therapies such as electrochemotherapy (ECT) and irreversible electroporation (IRE) are emerging as promising tools for treatment of tumors. When applied to the brain, electroporation can also induce transient blood-brain-barrier (BBB) disruption in volumes extending beyond IRE, thus enabling efficient drug penetration. The main objective of this study was to develop a statistical model predicting cell death and BBB disruption induced by electroporation. This model can be used for individual treatment planning.

Material and methods
Cell death and BBB disruption models were developed based on the Peleg-Fermi model in combination with numerical models of the electric field. The model calculates the electric field thresholds for cell kill and BBB disruption and describes the dependence on the number of treatment pulses. The model was validated using in vivo experimental data consisting of rats brains MRIs post electroporation treatments.

Results
Linear regression analysis confirmed that the model described the IRE and BBB disruption volumes as a function of treatment pulses number (r2 = 0.79; p < 0.008, r2 = 0.91; p < 0.001). The results presented a strong plateau effect as the pulse number increased. The ratio between complete cell death and no cell death thresholds was relatively narrow (between 0.88-0.91) even for small numbers of pulses and depended weakly on the number of pulses. For BBB disruption, the ratio increased with the number of pulses. BBB disruption radii were on average 67% ± 11% larger than IRE volumes.

Conclusions
The statistical model can be used to describe the dependence of treatment-effects on the number of pulses independent of the experimental setup.
Identification of differentially expressed genes associated with the enhancement of X-ray susceptibility by RITA in a hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma cell line (FaDu)
Authors: Luan Jinwei , Li Xianglan , Guo Rutao , Liu Shanshan , Luo Hongyu , You Qingshan 
Published: April 2018

Abstract

Background
Next generation sequencing and bio-informatic analyses were conducted to investigate the mechanism of reactivation of p53 and induction of tumor cell apoptosis (RITA)-enhancing X-ray susceptibility in FaDu cells.

Materials and methods
The cDNA was isolated from FaDu cells treated with 0 X-ray, 8 Gy X-ray, or 8 Gy X-ray + RITA. Then, cDNA libraries were created and sequenced using next generation sequencing, and each assay was repeated twice. Subsequently, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using Cuffdiff in Cufflinks and their functions were predicted by pathway enrichment analyses. Genes that were constantly up- or down-regulated in 8 Gy X-ray-treated FaDu cells and 8 Gy X-ray + RITA-treated FaDu cells were obtained as RITA genes. Afterward, the protein-protein interaction (PPI) relationships were obtained from the STRING database and a PPI network was constructed using Cytoscape. Furthermore, ClueGO was used for pathway enrichment analysis of genes in the PPI network.

Results
Total 2,040 and 297 DEGs were identified in FaDu cells treated with 8 Gy X-ray or 8 Gy X-ray + RITA, respectively. PARP3 and NEIL1 were enriched in base excision repair, and CDK1 was enriched in p53 signaling pathway. RFC2 and EZH2 were identified as RITA genes. In the PPI network, many interaction relationships were identified (e.g., RFC2-CDK1, EZH2-CDK1 and PARP3-EZH2). ClueGO analysis showed that RFC2 and EZH2 were related to cell cycle.

Conclusions

RFC2, EZH2, CDK1, PARP3 and NEIL1 may be associated, and together enhance the susceptibility of FaDu cells treated with RITA to the deleterious effects of X-ray.
The dosimetric significance of using 10 MV photons for volumetric modulated arc therapy for post-prostatectomy irradiation of the prostate bed
Authors: Kleiner Henry , Podgorsak Matthew B. 
Published: April 2018

Abstract

Background
The purpose of the study was to analyse the dosimetric differences when using 10 MV instead of 6 MV for VMAT treatment plans for post-prostatectomy irradiation of the prostate bed.

Methods and materials
Ten post-prostatectomy prostate bed irradiation cases previously treated using 6 MV with volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) were re-planned using 10 MV with VMAT. Prescription dose was 66.6 Gy with 1.8 Gy per fraction for 37 daily fractions. The same structure set, number of arcs, field sizes, and minimum dose to the Planning Target Volume (PTV) were used for both 6 MV and 10 MV plans. Results were collected for dose to Organs at Risk (OAR) constraints, dose to the target structures, number of monitor units for each arc, Body V5, Conformity Index, and Integral Dose. The mean values were used to compare the 6 MV and 10 MV results. To determine the statistical significance of the results, a paired Student t test and power analysis was performed.

Results
Statistically significant lower mean values were observed for the OAR dose constraints for the rectum, bladder-Clinical Target Volume (bladder-CTV), left femoral head, and right femoral head. Also, statistically significant lower mean values were observed for the Body V5, Conformity Index, and Integral Dose.

Conclusions
Several dosimetric benefits were observed when using 10 MV instead of 6 MV for VMAT based treatment plans. Benefits include sparing more dose from the OAR while still maintaining the same dose coverage to the PTV. Other benefits include lower Body V 5,Conformity Index, and Integral Dose.
Teacher’s Methodical Activity as a Source of Educational and Methodical Tasks
Authors: Skvortsova Svitlana 
Published: April 2018

The article of S. Skvortsova “Teacher’s methodical activity as a source of educational and methodical tasks”, interprets the teacher’s methodical activity as solving a number of methodical tasks. We define a methodical task as a situation that occurs in the process of teacher's methodical activity the purpose of which is to teach pupils certain content. Educational and methodical tasks are the models of such situations formulated in words. The goal of educational and methodical tasks is to form future teachers’ methodical competency. Methodical tasks are classified under on practical and intellectual, that in its turn are divided into standard and problematic. Taking into consideration the external structure of the process of solving methodical tasks we define the teacher’s ability to solve methodical tasks as a complex of actions to be performed to solve a methodical task on the basis of a teacher’s conscious use of methodical knowledge and ways of action. Educational and methodical tasks are used in order to form the ability to solve methodical tasks in the process of teacher’s methodical training in pedagogical universities. Educational and methodical tasks, as opposed to methodical tasks, are classified according to: 1) the level of methodical activity as on standard, partially-standard and creative; 2) the types of methodical activity as on informational-analytical, analytic-synthetic, operationally-practical, projective-modeling, synthetic-constructing; 3) the content of teacher’s methodical activity as on basic and special ones.
Standard and partially-standard educational and methodical tasks are the symbolic models of standard methodical tasks in teacher’s activity, and creative educational and methodical tasks are the symbolic models of problematic methodical tasks. Educational and methodical tasks are mainly the models of intellectual methodical tasks as they don’t suggest the interaction between a teacher and pupils, though, in some cases, they may be solved in the process of imitation of a teacher’s activity in the classroom environment
An RNAi Screen Identifies New Genes Required for Normal Morphogenesis of Larval Chordotonal Organs
Authors: Hassan Abeer , Timerman Yael , Hamdan Rana , Sela Nitzan , Avetisyan Adel , Halachmi Naomi , Salzberg Adi 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe proprioceptive chordotonal organs (ChO) of a fly larva respond to mechanical stimuli generated by muscle contractions and consequent deformations of the cuticle. The ability of the ChO to sense the relative displacement of its epidermal attachment sites likely depends on the correct mechanical properties of the accessory (cap and ligament) and attachment cells that connect the sensory unit (neuron and scolopale cell) to the cuticle. The genetic programs dictating the development of ChO cells with unique morphologies and mechanical properties are largely unknown. Here we describe an RNAi screen that focused on the ChO’s accessory and attachment cells and was performed in 2nd instar larvae to allow for phenotypic analysis of ChOs that had already experienced mechanical stresses during larval growth. Nearly one thousand strains carrying RNAi constructs targeting more than 500 candidate genes were screened for their effects on ChO morphogenesis. The screen identified 31 candidate genes whose knockdown within the ChO lineage disrupted various aspects of cell fate determination, cell differentiation, cellular morphogenesis and cell-cell attachment. Most interestingly, one phenotypic group consisted of genes that affected the response of specific ChO cell types to developmental organ stretching, leading to abnormal pattern of cell elongation. The ‘cell elongation’ group included the transcription factors Delilah and Stripe, implicating them for the first time in regulating the response of ChO cells to developmental stretching forces. Other genes found to affect the pattern of ChO cell elongation, such as αTub85E, β1Tub56D, Tbce, CCT8, mys, Rac1 and shot, represent putative effectors that link between cell-fate determinants and the realization of cell-specific mechanical properties.
Antibiotic Use After Removal of Penicillin Allergy Label
Authors: Vyles David , Chiu Asriani , Routes John , Castells Mariana , Phillips Elizabeth J. , Kibicho Jennifer , Brousseau David C. 
Published: April 2018

BACKGROUND:Penicillin allergy is commonly reported in the pediatric emergency department. We previously performed 3-tier penicillin allergy testing on children with low-risk symptoms, and 100% tolerated a penicillin challenge without an allergic reaction. We hypothesized that no serious allergic reactions would occur after re-exposure to penicillin and that prescription practices would change after testing.METHODS:We performed a follow-up case series of 100 children whose test results were negative for penicillin allergy. Research staff administered a brief follow-up phone survey to the parent and primary care provider of each patient tested. We combined the survey data and summarized baseline patient characteristics and questionnaire responses. We then completed a 3-tier economic analysis from the prescription information gathered from surveys in which cost savings, cost avoidance, and potential cost savings were calculated.RESULTS:A total of 46 prescriptions in 36 patients were reported by the primary care provider and/or parents within the year after patients were tested for penicillin allergy. Twenty-six (58%) of the prescriptions filled were penicillin derivatives. One (4%) child developed a rash 24 hours after starting the medication; no child developed a serious adverse reaction after being given a penicillin challenge. We found that the cost savings of delabeling patients as penicillin allergic was $1368.13, the cost avoidance was $1812.00, and the total potential cost savings for the pediatric emergency department population was $192 223.00.CONCLUSIONS:Children with low-risk penicillin allergy symptoms whose test results were negative for penicillin allergy tolerated a penicillin challenge without a severe allergic reaction developing. Delabeling children changed prescription behavior and led to actual health care savings.