bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“It is like a jungle gym, and everything is under construction”: The parent's perspective of caring for a child with a rare disease
Authors: Currie Genevieve , Szabo Joanna 
Published: October 2018

AbstractDescriptive titleParents of children with rare diseases face pervasive challenges in meeting medical and social care needs. Existing research on the parents' experience of caring for a child with a rare disease is limited. This paper offers suggestions for better supporting families living with rare disease as well as possible avenues of future research.BackgroundParents of children with rare diseases face pervasive challenges in meeting medical and social care needs. Existing research on the parent's experience of caring for a child with a rare disease is limited.MethodsAn interpretive phenomenological approach was applied in this inquiry. Fifteen parents of children with rare diseases participated in semistructured interviews.ResultsInterpretive thematic analysis revealed that due to the rarity of the disease and an overall lack of knowledge of the disease, there is an increase in the burden on the family in relation to “rarity” in addition to “disability.” Four insights were also revealed: (a) Parents often know more about the disease then Health Care providers, and this leads to entanglements in communication and collaboration as experts and parents; (b) there is lack of coordination of care between providers and services caring for children with rare diseases; (c) there is a gap in accessibility to government supports; and (d) due to fragmented care, parents must fill the aforementioned gaps by juggling multiple roles including that of advocate, case manager, and medical navigator.ConclusionThis paper offers suggestions for better supporting families living with rare disease as well as possible avenues of future research.
Adult Finns’ perceptions about communication with the dentist during their latest visit
Authors: Raittio Eero , Lahti Satu , Suominen Anna Liisa 
Published: October 2018

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of this study was to investigate adult Finns’ perceptions about communication with the dentist during their latest visit in three aspects: receiving adequate information about health status and care, being listened to and shown interest by the dentist, and being able to influence the treatment decisions.MethodsData were taken from the Health 2011 Survey (BRIH8901). A representative sample (n = 5806) of adult Finns aged over 29 years old was interviewed or alternatively filled in a questionnaire. Basic descriptive tabulations, Rao‐Scott chi‐square tests and logistic regression analyses were used to study how socioeconomic status, perceived oral health and oral Health care variables are associated with the three aspects of communication with the dentist.ResultsMost (85%‐90%) adult Finns felt that, during their latest visit to a dentist, they had received adequate information, were listened to and shown interest by their dentist, and that they had been able to influence the treatment decisions. Those who perceived poor oral health, felt visiting dentist somewhat frightening, were in a difficult economic situation, visited a public dentist, or tended to visit oral Health care services irregularly, felt more often that there was a deficit in communication with the dentist.ConclusionsIn 2011, most adult Finns did not report any deficit in communication with the dentist during their latest visit. Oral Health care professionals should focus more on communicating with patients who have economic problems, poor oral health, dental fear or a problem‐oriented visiting pattern.
Increased mortality and morbidity in patients with chronic hypoparathyroidism: A population‐based study
Authors: Vadiveloo Thenmalar , Donnan Peter T. , Leese Callum J. , Abraham Kirstin J. , Leese Graham P. 
Published: October 2018

SummaryObjectivesA population‐based study was undertaken to determine the mortality and morbidity for people with hypoparathyroidism compared to the general population.MethodsIn this study, patients identified with chronic hypoparathyroidism using data linkage from regional datasets were compared with five age‐ and gender‐matched controls from the general population. Data from biochemistry, hospital admissions, prescribing and the demographic dataset were linked. Outcomes for mortality and specified conditions were examined for all patients and subdivided into post‐surgical and non‐surgical cases of hypoparathyroidism.ResultsAll patients had an increased risk of epilepsy (HR 1.65 [95% CI 1.12‐2.44]) and cataracts (HR 2.10 [1.30‐3.39]) but no increased fracture risk. Only non‐surgical hypoparathyroid patients also had increased mortality (HR 2.11 [1.49‐2.98]), cardiovascular disease (HR 2.18 [1.41‐3.39]), cerebrovascular disease (HR 2.95 [1.46‐5.97]), infection (HR 1.87 [1.2‐2.92]) and mental illness (HR 1.59 [1.21‐2.11]). There was an increased risk of renal failure (HR 10.05 [95% CI 4.71‐21.43]) during the first 2000 days (5.5 years) of follow‐up. Renal failure and death were associated with increasing serum calcium concentrations.ConclusionPatients with hypoparathyroidism have an increased risk of cataract and epilepsy. Non‐surgical hypoparathyroidism is associated with increased mortality and additional morbidities.
Patient satisfaction versus retention of implant overdentures with two attachment systems: A randomized trial
Authors: de Albuquerque Rubens Ferreira , Fromentin Olivier , Lassauzay Claire , Conceição Pereira Saraiva Maria da 
Published: October 2018

AbstractBackgroundClinical success with mandibular implant overdentures is highly dependent on a reliable attachment system connecting prosthesis and implants.PurposeTo compare the levels of retention and patient‐based outcomes on implant overdentures retained/supported by cylindrical (LA) and ball (RA) attachment systems overtime and investigate their relationship.Materials and MethodsAttachment retention (Newtons), and patient satisfaction with the treatment, prosthesis stability, and ability to chew (VAS, 100 mm) were assessed in a crossover trial for both attachment systems at baseline, 1 week, 3, 6, and 12 months and compared to preintervention values. Patients' preference was also recorded.ResultsMean retention of worn attachments and patient satisfaction with denture retention assessed in the preintervention phase were 3.2 N (SD 4.9) and 23.5 mm (IQR 6.5‐65.5), respectively. Overall mean retention along the study was higher for RA than LA (difference of 5.0 N, 95%CI: 2.5‐7.6;P = 0.0005), declining significantly overtime (P < 0.0001), more steeply for the cylindrical attachment. Differences in VAS ratings between attachments were nonsignificant in the crossover phase (P > 0.05), but general satisfaction, satisfaction with retention, and comfort were significantly higher when compared with preintervention scores (P < 0.05). Ratings of retention decreased significantly overtime for both systems and earlier for LA than RA. Satisfaction was lower when retention was either too low or too high, although there was large variation in this association. At the end of the study, all participants chose to remain with the attachment system that they had received last.ConclusionsAttachment selection should be based on patients' individual characteristics and expectations as satisfaction with the attachment retention and denture stability vary largely among patients.
Getting Lost in Gatlinburg: How Low‐Income Residents “Make Do” in an Appalachian Tourist Town
Authors: Hope Amason J. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractPerched at the edge of the most‐visited national park in the US—the Great Smoky Mountains—Gatlinburg, Tennessee, is a bustling tourist resort, filled with hotels, restaurants, and amusements. Every summer hundreds of people come to Gatlinburg looking for work, a place to stay, and a “fresh start.” Gatlinburg has become a place for those who want to relocate after experiencing life‐altering crises: job loss, domestic violence, addiction, bankruptcy, or the death of a loved one. Whatever circumstances propel them there, new arrivals inevitably face a critical housing shortage and a labor market dominated by low‐wage, contingent jobs. They confront these challenges by developing tactics for getting by in Gatlinburg. Borrowing a phrase from a long‐time Gatlinburg resident, I identify some of these tactics as “getting lost in Gatlinburg.” This paper presents two case studies of low‐income white women who make ends meet by using their obscurity in the face of neoliberal social institutions, including making use of their “white privilege” and detailed local knowledge. Understanding “getting lost” as a deliberate tactic reveals subtle and complex forms of agency in their efforts to move beyond the stigma of their current circumstances toward more personally fulfilling lives for themselves and their families.
Prevalence of contact allergy in the general population: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Alinaghi Farzad , Bennike Niels H. , Egeberg Alexander , Thyssen Jacob P. , Johansen Jeanne D. 
Published: October 2018

BackgroundContact allergy and allergic contact dermatitis are frequent conditions in the general population.ObjectivesTo provide an updated estimate of the prevalence of contact allergy in the general population based on data from our previous review combined with new data from an updated search for relevant studies published between 2007 and 2017.MethodsTwo authors independently searched PubMed for studies reporting on the prevalence of contact allergy in samples of the general population. Proportion meta‐analyses were performed to calculate the pooled prevalence estimates of contact allergy.ResultsA total of 28 studies were included in the analysis, covering 20 107 patch tested individuals from the general population. Overall, the pooled prevalence of contact allergy was 20.1% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 16.8%‐23.7%). In children and adolescents (<18 years), the prevalence was 16.5% (95%CI: 13.6%‐19.7%). The prevalence was significantly higher in women (27.9% [95%CI: 21.7%‐34.5%]) than in men (13.2% [95%CI: 9.3%‐17.6%]). The most common allergen was nickel (11.4% [95%CI: 9.4%‐13.5%]), followed by fragrance mix I (3.5% [95%CI: 2.1%‐5.4%]), cobalt (2.7% [95%CI: 2.1%‐3.4%]), Myroxylon pereirae (1.8% [95%CI: 1.0%‐2.7%]), chromium (1.8% [95%CI: 1.3%‐2.6%]), p‐phenylenediamine (1.5% [95%CI: 1.0%‐2.1%]), methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone (1.5% [95%CI: 0.8%‐2.5%]), and colophonium (1.3% [95%CI: 1.0%‐1.6%]).ConclusionsThis meta‐analysis confirmed that at least 20% of the general population are contact‐allergic to common environmental allergens. It highlights the need for more effective preventive strategies for common allergens in consumer goods, cosmetics, and the workplace.
Urinary microbiome associated with chronic allograft dysfunction in kidney transplant recipients
Authors: Wu Jennifer F. , Muthusamy Amutha , Al‐Ghalith Gabriel A. , Knights Dan , Guo Bin , Wu Baolin , Remmel Rory P. , Schladt David P. , Alegre Maria‐Luisa , Oetting William S. , Jacobson Pamala A. , Israni Ajay K. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractBackgroundWe performed a study to identify differences in the urinary microbiome associated with chronic allograft dysfunction (CAD) and compared the urinary microbiome of male and female transplant recipients with CAD.MethodsThis case‐control study enrolled 67 patients within the Deterioration of Kidney Allograft Function (DeKAF) Genomics cohort at two transplant centers. CAD was defined as a greater than 25% rise in serum creatinine relative to a 3 month post‐transplant baseline. Urine samples from patients with and without CAD were analyzed using 16S V4 bacterial ribosomal DNA sequences.ResultsCorynebacterium was more prevalent in female and male patients with CAD compared to non‐CAD female patients (P = 0.0005). A total 21 distinct Operational Taxonomic Unit (OTUs) were identified as significantly different when comparing CAD and non‐CAD patients using Kruskal‐Wallis (P < 0.01). A subset analysis of female patients with CAD compared to non‐CAD females identified similar differentially abundant OTUs, including the genera Corynebacterium and Staphylococcus (Kruskal‐Wallis; P = 0.01; P = 0.004, respectively). Male CAD vs female CAD analysis showed greater abundance of phylum Proteobacteria in males.ConclusionThere were differences in the urinary microbiome when comparing female and male CAD patients with their female non‐CAD counterparts and these differences persisted in the subset analysis limited to female patients only.
A Graph Mining Approach to Identify Financial Reporting Patterns: An Empirical Examination of Industry Classifications
Authors: Yang Steve Y. , Liu Fang‐Chun , Zhu Xiaodi , Yen David C. 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACTThis study proposes a quantitative method using the eXtensible Business Reporting Language financial accounting taxonomies to identify firms' common business characteristics and demonstrates that this graph mining approach can effectively identify industry boundaries. The premise of this method is based on the previous findings that financial accounts and the structural semantic information represented in financial statements reveal firms' general business operations and common characteristics if they have similar business models. Specifically, we introduce a graph similarity metric combined with spectral clustering algorithm to quantify the similarity of financial disclosures. Through industry classification comparison with the traditional classification schemes, the Standard Industrial Classification and the North American Industry Classification System, we show that the proposed method consistently clusters firms into their respective industries based on financial disclosures with significantly lower variance in a time‐varying fashion. This novel graph mining method provides an automated way for decision makers to identify common business operations as well as detecting potential financial fraud and uncovering accounting information misrepresentation.
Comparative effects of proximal and distal small intestinal administration of metformin on plasma glucose and glucagon‐like peptide‐1, and gastric emptying after oral glucose, in type 2 diabetes
Authors: Borg Malcolm J. , Bound Michelle , Grivell Jacqueline , Sun Zilin , Jones Karen L. , Horowitz Michael , Rayner Christopher K. , Wu Tongzhi 
Published: October 2018

AimsThe gastrointestinal tract, particularly the lower gut, may be key to the anti‐diabetic action of metformin. We evaluated whether administration of metformin into the distal, vs the proximal, small intestine would be more effective in lowering plasma glucose by stimulating glucagon‐like pepetide‐1 (GLP‐1) and/or slowing gastric emptying (GE) in type 2 diabetes (T2DM).Materials and methodsTen diet‐controlled T2DM patients were studied on three occasions. A transnasal catheter was positioned with proximal and distal infusion ports located 13 and 190 cm beyond the pylorus, respectively. Participants received infusions of (a) proximal + distal saline (control), (b) proximal metformin (1000 mg) + distal saline or (c) proximal saline + distal metformin (1000 mg) over 5 minutes, followed 60 minutes later by a glucose drink containing 50 g glucose and 150 mg 13C‐acetate. “Arterialized” venous blood and breath samples were collected over 3 hours for measurements of plasma glucose, GLP‐1, insulin and glucagon, and GE, respectively.ResultsCompared with control, both proximal and distal metformin reduced plasma glucose and augmented GLP‐1 responses to oral glucose comparably (P < 0.05 each), without affecting plasma insulin or glucagon. GE was slower after proximal metformin than after control (P < 0.05) and tended to be slower after distal metformin, without any difference between proximal and distal metformin.ConclusionsIn diet‐controlled T2DM patients, glucose‐lowering via a single dose of metformin administered to the upper and lower gut was comparable and was associated with stimulation of GLP‐1 and slowing of GE. These observations suggest that the site of gastrointestinal administration is not critical to the glucose‐lowering capacity of metformin.
Impact of contrast echocardiography on accurate discrimination of specific degree of left ventricular systolic dysfunction and comparison with cardiac magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Alherbish Aws , Becher Harald , Alemayehu Wendimagegn , Paterson D. Ian , Butler Craig R. , Anderson Todd J. , Ezekowitz Justin A. , Shanks Miriam ,   Alberta HEART investigators
Published: October 2018

AimLimited data exist on the impact of contrast‐enhanced echocardiography on treatment decisions in heart failure patients that require specific left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) criteria. This study assessed accuracy of contrast‐enhanced echocardiography in identifying patients with LVEF >35% vs ≤35% with cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) used as reference method.Methods and resultsFifty‐five patients from prospective Alberta HEART cohort with LVEF ≤50% on CMR were included. All patients had echocardiography performed within 2 weeks of CMR. Contrast agent was used when ≥2 contiguous LV endocardial segments were poorly visualized on echocardiography. LVEF was computed by Simpson's biplane method using non‐contrast echocardiography and contrast‐enhanced echocardiography and by outlining the endocardial contours in short‐axis cine CMR images. Strong agreement in LV volumes and LVEF was seen between CMR and echocardiography with and without contrast (intra‐class correlation coefficients >0.8) with less underestimation of LV volumes by contrast‐enhanced echocardiography. Good agreement in LVEF ≤35% vs >35% was seen between CMR and non‐contrast echocardiography with optimal images (κ 0.862) and contrast echocardiography (κ 0.769) while it was moderate for non‐contrast echocardiography with suboptimal images (κ 0.491). The use of LV contrast in patients with suboptimal images (n = 39) resulted in correctly upgrading LVEF from ≤35% to >35% in 5 (13%) patients and downgrading LVEF from >35% to ≤35% in 2 (5%) patients using CMR as reference.ConclusionsContrast‐enhanced echocardiography in heart failure patients with suboptimal images helps to more accurately assess eligibility for specific therapies and avoid need for further testing, therefore should be considered routine part of echocardiographic assessment.
In‐depth echocardiographic analysis of left atrial function in healthy adults using speckle tracking echocardiography and volumetric analysis
Authors: van Grootel Roderick W. J. , Strachinaru Mihai , Menting Myrthe E. , McGhie Jackie , Roos‐Hesselink Jolien W. , van den Bosch Annemien E. 
Published: October 2018

PurposeLeft atrial (LA) dilatation is predictive for complications in a multitude of cardiac diseases; therefore, adequate assessment is essential. Technological advances have made it possible to quantify LA function with Speckle Tracking Echocardiography (STE); however, there are currently no recommendations for normal values with regard to LA function. We aimed to assess LA myocardial and volumetric function in a healthy cohort and investigate correlations with baseline characteristics.MethodsThis prospective cohort study included 147 (aged 20–72) healthy individuals and assessed LA volumetric function using maximum, minimum and pre‐a‐wave volumes and myocardial function using reservoir function using peak strain in LA relaxation (LA‐strain), conduit function using peak strain rate in early LA contraction (LA‐SRe) and pump function using peak strain rate in late LA contraction (LA‐SRa).ResultsMean LA‐strain was 39.7 ± 6.2%, LA‐SRe −2.78 ± 0.62 s−1 and LA‐SRa −2.56 ± 0.62 s−1. Subjects were divided into 5 age decades (each 50% female). LA‐strain and LA‐SRe were lower in the oldest groups, whereas LA‐SRa was higher. LA‐SRa was higher in males(−2.69 ± 0.68 s−1 vs −2.42 ± 0.52 s−1). Age‐specific values are provided. Age proved to be an independent predictor for LA‐SRa after correction for blood pressure and heart rate. LA expansion index and passive emptying fraction decreased with age, while active emptying fraction increased with age. LA maximum volume did not increase with age.ConclusionThis study provides normal values for the three phasic functions of the LA, assessed with STE and volumetric function. Our results suggest the need for age‐specific reference ranges, and normal values for this cohort have been calculated.
Risk factors for infections in newly diagnosed Multiple Myeloma patients: A Danish retrospective nationwide cohort study
Authors: Sørrig Rasmus , Klausen Tobias W. , Salomo Morten , Vangsted Annette , Gimsing Peter 
Published: October 2018

AbstractObjectivesInfections pose the greatest risk of early death in patients with Multiple Myeloma. However, few studies have analyzed the risk factors for infections in Multiple Myeloma patients. The aim of this study was to analyze the risk factors infections within a population‐based MM cohort.MethodsUsing Danish registries (from 2005 to 2013), we analyzed all ICD‐10 codes for infections within the first 6 months of Multiple Myeloma diagnosis in 2557 patients.ResultsPneumonia and sepsis represented 46% of infections. Multivariable regression analysis showed that risk factors for pneumonia were male gender (HR 1.4; P = 0.001), ISS II (HR 1.6; P = 0.0004) and ISSIII (HR 1.8; P = 0.0004) and elevated LDH (HR 2.6; P = 0.0008). Risk factors for sepsis were high bone marrow plasma cell % (HR 1.1; P = 0.038), ISS II (HR 1.7; P = 0.007) ISS III (HR 2.0; P = 0.002) and creatinine (HR 2.1; P = 0.002). Neither immunoparesis (hypogammaglobulinemia) nor comorbidity was significant risk factors.ConclusionsOur study suggests that tumor burden and renal impairment are risk factors for pneumonia and sepsis in the early phase of Multiple Myeloma.
Towards a multi‐trophic extension of metacommunity ecology
Authors: Guzman Laura Melissa , Germain Rachel M. , Forbes Coreen , Straus Samantha , O'Connor Mary I. , Gravel Dominique , Srivastava Diane S. , Thompson Patrick L. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractMetacommunity theory provides an understanding of how spatial processes determine the structure and function of communities at local and regional scales. Although metacommunity theory has considered trophic dynamics in the past, it has been performed idiosyncratically with a wide selection of possible dynamics. Trophic metacommunity theory needs a synthesis of a few influential axis to simplify future predictions and tests. We propose an extension of metacommunity ecology that addresses these shortcomings by incorporating variability among trophic levels in ‘spatial use properties’. We define ‘spatial use properties’ as a set of traits (dispersal, migration, foraging and spatial information processing) that set the spatial and temporal scales of organismal movement, and thus scales of interspecific interactions. Progress towards a synthetic predictive framework can be made by (1) documenting patterns of spatial use properties in natural food webs and (2) using theory and experiments to test how trophic structure in spatial use properties affects metacommunity dynamics.