bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Progress in ab initio in-medium similarity renormalization group and coupled-channel method with coupling to the continuum
Authors: Xu Xin-Yu , Fan Si-Qin , Yuan Qi , Hu Bai-Shan , Li Jian-Guo , Wang Si-Min , Xu Fu-Rong 
Published: November 2024

AbstractOver the last decade, nuclear theory has made dramatic progress in few-body and ab initio many-body calculations. These great advances stem from chiral effective field theory ($$\chi$$
χ
EFT), which provides an efficient expansion and consistent treatment of nuclear forces as inputs of modern many-body calculations, among which the in-medium similarity renormalization group (IMSRG) and its variants play a vital role. On the other hand, significant efforts have been made to provide a unified description of the structure, decay, and reactions of the nuclei as open quantum systems. While a fully comprehensive and microscopic model has yet to be realized, substantial progress over recent decades has enhanced our understanding of open quantum systems around the dripline, which are often characterized by exotic structures and decay modes. To study these interesting phenomena, Gamow coupled-channel (GCC) method, in which the open quantum nature of few-body valence nucleons coupled to a deformed core, has been developed. This review focuses on the developments of the advanced IMSRG and GCC and their applications to nuclear structure and reactions.
Widths of crossings in Poisson Boolean percolation
Authors: Manolescu Ioan , Santoro Leonardo V. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We answer the following question: if the occupied (or vacant) set of a planar Poisson Boolean percolation model contains a crossing of an

$n\times n$

square, how wide is this crossing? The answer depends on whether we consider the critical, sub-, or super-critical regime, and is different for the occupied and vacant sets.
Context and cross-section data improve analyses of wine ratings
Authors: Bodington Jeffrey 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMuch research shows that the ratings that critics, judges, and consumers assign to wines are heteroscedastic. A rating observed is one draw from a latent distribution that is wine- and judge-specific. Estimating the shape of a rating’s distribution by minimizing a sum of cross entropies has been proposed and tested. This article proposes a method of improving the accuracy of that estimate by using information about the context of a wine competition or cross-section ratings data. Tests using the distributions implied by 90 blind triplicate ratings show that the sum of squared errors for the solution using context or cross-section information is 50% more accurate than not using such information and over 99% more accurate than ignoring the uncertainty about a rating.
Effects of black chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa) supplementation on oxidative stress, inflammation and gut microbiota: a systematic review of human and animal studies
Authors: Kaczmarczyk Sabina , Dziewiecka Hanna , Pasek Marta , Ostapiuk–Karolczuk Joanna , Kasperska Anna , Skarpańska-Stejnborn Anna 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe scientific literature indicates that chokeberry is widely used as a supplement to support the maintenance of the body’s homeostasis by reducing inflammation and oxidative stress. In recent years, positive effects of chokeberry on intestinal parameters have also been observed. Oxidative stress, inflammation and, according to recent reports, also the gut microbiome are closely related to the overall well-being and health of the population. This study, therefore, attempts to summarise all the health benefits of black chokeberry supplementation. This study was registered in PROSPERO (International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews) under registration number CRD42023395969. Additionally, the systematic review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) method. Electronic databases were searched in Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus and EBSCO using the following combination of the words ‘chokeberry or aronia’ and ‘inflammation or oxidative stress or microbiota or microbiome or permeability or gut’. Ultimately, fifty-seven studies were summarised in the review. Data analysis showed that black chokeberry has a positive effect on the reduction of inflammation, oxidative stress and intestinal microflora, but the size of the changes varies and depends on many variables. Therefore, the researchers concluded that the compounds found in black chokeberry play a pivotal role in maintaining the overall balance within the system. This is a crucial consideration given the tendency for disturbances in organismal homeostasis to accompany disease processes and various disorders. However, further research is necessary to elucidate the mechanisms and optimise its use fully.
Generalized Ricci flow on aligned homogeneous spaces
Authors: Gutiérrez Valeria 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe fixed points of the generalized Ricci flow are the Bismut Ricci flat (BRF) metrics, i.e., a generalized metric (g, H) on a manifold M, where g is a Riemannian metric and H a closed 3-form, such that H is g-harmonic and $\operatorname{Rc}(g)=\tfrac{1}{4} H_g^2$. Given two standard Einstein homogeneous spaces $G_i/K$, where each Gi is a compact simple Lie group and K is a closed subgroup of them holding some extra assumption, we consider $M=G_1\times G_2/\Delta K$. Recently, Lauret and Will proved the existence of a BRF metric on any of these spaces. We proved that this metric is always asymptotically stable for the generalized Ricci flow on M among a subset of G-invariant metrics and, if $G_1=G_2$, then it is globally stable.
Cesàro-type operators on Bergman–Morrey spaces and Dirichlet–Morrey spaces
Authors: Xie Huayou , Lin Qingze , Liu Junming 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we will show the Carleson measure characterizations for the boundedness and compactness of the Cesàro-type operator
\begin{equation*}\mathcal{C}_{\mu}(f)(z)=\sum^{\infty}_{n=0}\left( \int_{[0,1)}t^nd\mu(t)\right) \left(\sum^{n}_{k=0}a_k \right)z^n, \quad z\in \mathbb{D},\end{equation*}acting on a number of important analytic function spaces on $\mathbb{D}$, where µ is a positive finite Borel measure. The function spaces are some newly appeared analytic function spaces (e.g., Bergman–Morrey spaces $A^{p,\lambda}$ and Dirichlet–Morrey spaces $\mathcal{D}_p^{\lambda}$) . This work continues the lines of the previous characterizations by Blasco and Galanopoulos et al. for classical Hardy spaces and weighted Bergman spaces and so forth.
Prophylactic low-dose hydrocortisone in neonates born extremely preterm: current knowledge and future challenges
Authors: Baud Olivier , Torchin Héloïse , Butin Marine , Flamant Cyril , Nuytten Alexandra 
Published: November 2024

Summary
Prophylactic administration of low-dose hydrocortisone, at replacement dosage, targets inability of extremely low gestational age neonates (ELGANs) to respond to postnatal stress due to adrenal glands immaturity and is intended to prevent serious complications such as death and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Increasing evidence from systematic reviews shows that prophylactic hydrocortisone reduces pre-discharge mortality, improves survival without BPD, favors patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) closure, and may have beneficial effects on cardiovascular stability and urine output. In contrast, an increased risk of spontaneous intestinal perforation when prophylactic hydrocortisone is combined with indomethacin and late-onset sepsis, particularly in infants of 24–25 weeks of gestation, have been reported as major adverse events. No significant negative impact on long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes following prophylactic hydrocortisone exposure was observed. Recent real-world data, despite their intrinsic methodological limitations, generally confirm the benefits observed in clinical trials, even with additional potential benefits and without increased adverse events. Ongoing challenges and questions discussed in this invited review relate to the best population to treat, optimal timing and duration of treatment, and potential barriers to implementation due to evolving knowledge and guidelines.

Impact statement

Prophylactic low-dose hydrocortisone improves survival without BPD in infants born extremely preterm.

Recent real-world data generally confirm the benefits observed in clinical trials, even with additional potential benefits and without increased adverse events.

Unanswered questions remain about optimal timing and duration of treatment, and potential barriers to implementation due to evolving knowledge and guidelines.
Molecular diagnoses and candidate gene identification in the congenital heart disease cohorts of the 100,000 genomes project
Authors: Hartill Verity , Kabir Mitra , Best Sunayna , Shaikh Qureshi Wasay Mohiuddin , Baross Stephanie L. , Lord Jenny , Yu Jing , Sasaki Erina , Needham Hazel , Shears Deborah , Roche Matthew , Wall Elizabeth , Cooper Nicola , Ryan Gavin , Eason Jacqueline , Johnson Robert , Keavney Bernard , Hentges Kathryn E. , Johnson Colin A. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractCongenital heart disease (CHD) describes a structural cardiac defect present from birth. A cohort of participants recruited to the 100,000 Genomes Project (100 kGP) with syndromic CHD (286 probands) and familial CHD (262 probands) were identified. “Tiering” following genome sequencing data analysis prioritised variants in gene panels linked to participant phenotype. To improve diagnostic rates in the CHD cohorts, we implemented an agnostic de novo Gene Discovery Pipeline (GDP). We assessed de novo variants (DNV) for unsolved CHD participants following filtering to select variants of interest in OMIM-morbid genes, as well as novel candidate genes. The 100kGP CHD cohorts had low rates of pathogenic diagnoses reported (combined CHD “solved” 5.11% (n = 28/548)). Our GDP provided diagnostic uplift of nearly one third (1.28% uplift; 5.11% vs. 6.39%), with a new or potential diagnosis for 9 additional participants with CHD. When a filtered DNV occurred within a non-morbid gene, our GDP prioritised biologically-plausible candidate CHD genes (n = 79). Candidate variants occurred in both genes linked to cardiac development (e.g. AKAP13 and BCAR1) and those currently without a known role (e.g. TFAP2C and SETDB1). Sanger sequencing of a cohort of patients with CHD did not identify a second de novo variant in the candidate dataset. However, literature review identified rare variants in HMCN1, previously reported as causative for pulmonary atresia, confirming the approach utility. As well as diagnostic uplift for unsolved participants of the 100 kGP, our GDP created a dataset of candidate CHD genes, which forms an important resource for further evaluation.
What does a consent conversation for whole genome sequencing look like in the NHS Genomic Medicine Service? An observational study
Authors: Ellard Holly , Alfardus Huda , Sanderson Saskia , Lewis Celine 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPatient choice consent for whole genome sequencing (WGS) through the Genomic Medicine Service in England covers consent to diagnostic testing and an invitation to the National Genomic Research Library (NGRL). Little is known about what consent conversations for WGS look like in practice. We audio-recorded and analysed the content and structure of consent appointments (n = 26) between healthcare professionals (HCPs) and parents of children with rare disease across seven NHS Trusts. Appointments frequently covered the potential findings from testing, implications for family members, and DNA storage, but often omitted that data may be reanalysed in the future if a diagnosis is not made. Consent to the NGRL was typically sought during the same appointment; these discussions varied in content, but frequently included a background to the NGRL and data security. HCPs often tempered expectations around what WGS can achieve and asked questions to clarify parents’ understanding, but less commonly elicited parents’ values and concerns. Administrative tasks were time-consuming, but took less time when consent was recorded digitally. Future training should emphasise how to elicit patients’ values and concerns. Digital infrastructure and hiring roles such as genomic associates to support consent may be important strategies to meet the workload demands of WGS.
The use of artificial intelligence based chat bots in ophthalmology triage
Authors: David Daniel , Zloto Ofira , Katz Gabriel , Huna-Baron Ruth , Vishnevskia-Dai Vicktoria , Armarnik Sharon , Zauberman Noa Avni , Barnir Elinor Megiddo , Singer Reut , Hostovsky Avner , Klang Eyal 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate AI-based chat bots ability to accurately answer common patient’s questions in the field of ophthalmology.

Methods
An experienced ophthalmologist curated a set of 20 representative questions and responses were sought from two AI generative models: OpenAI’s ChatGPT and Google’s Bard (Gemini Pro). Eight expert ophthalmologists from different sub-specialties assessed each response, blinded to the source, and ranked them by three metrics—accuracy, comprehensiveness, and clarity, on a 1–5 scale.

Results
For accuracy, ChatGPT scored a median of 4.0, whereas Bard scored a median of 3.0. In terms of comprehensiveness, ChatGPT achieved a median score of 4.5, compared to Bard which scored a median of 3.0. Regarding clarity, ChatGPT maintained a higher score with a median of 5.0, compared to Bard’s median score of 4.0. All comparisons were statistically significant (p < 0.001).

Conclusion
AI-based chat bots can provide relatively accurate and clear responses for addressing common ophthalmological inquiries. ChatGPT surpassed Bard in all measured metrics. While these AI models exhibit promise, further research is indicated to improve their performance and allow them to be used as a reliable medical tool.
Development of a fish oil–nanoemulsion gel as a drug-delivery system to prevent capsular contracture
Authors: Paul Mohuya , Kang Sang Gue , Im Jungkyun , Song Woo Jin 
Published: November 2024

AbstractCapsular contracture, a significant complication of breast-implant surgery, causes pain and deformation following the formation of a tight capsule around an implant. Current surgical and non-surgical treatment options are invasive, expensive, and typically administered for prolonged periods, potentially leading to side effects. To address these challenges, we developed a novel fish oil-encapsulated, poloxamer-based nanoemulsion gel with omega-3 (ω3) as the primary active component (NE-ω3 gel; N3G). This formulation can be injected during surgery, reducing the need for prolonged administration of medications and minimizing associated side effects. N3G was prepared through a two-step process involving the emulsification of fish oil followed by gelation with poloxamer to create a thermoreversible gel. Dynamic light-scattering analysis confirmed a uniform distribution of nanoemulsion particles, which had a mean diameter of 287 ± 8.599 nm and a PDI of 0.29 ± 0.047. FTIR and DSC analyses validated the encapsulation of fish oil within poloxamer micelles. Drug-release analysis demonstrated that more than 96% of fish oil was released within 10 h. In in vivo experiments, rats (n = 30) were divided into three groups: a negative control group (G1), a positive control group receiving fish oil (G2), and an experimental group with implants coated with N3G (G3). G3 exhibited a 21.2% reduction in capsular thickness compared to G1 and a 5.6% reduction compared to G2. In addition, significant decreases in fibrosis and myofibroblast counts were observed in G3. These results, supported by histological and gene expression analyses, highlight the effectiveness of N3G in reducing inflammation and fibrosis. This study underscores the therapeutic potential of N3G for capsular contracture, based on its persistence, thermoreversibility, and improved dosing and storage characteristics.
Understanding the biological processes of kidney carcinogenesis: an integrative multi-omics approach
Authors: Cortez Cardoso Penha Ricardo , Sexton Oates Alexandra , Senkin Sergey , Park Hanla A , Atkins Joshua , Holcatova Ivana , Hornakova Anna , Savic Slavisa , Ognjanovic Simona , Świątkowska Beata , Lissowska Jolanta , Zaridze David , Mukeria Anush , Janout Vladimir , Chabrier Amelie , Cahais Vincent , Cuenin Cyrille , Scelo Ghislaine , Foll Matthieu , Herceg Zdenko , Brennan Paul , Smith-Byrne Karl , Alcala Nicolas , Mckay James D 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBiological mechanisms related to cancer development can leave distinct molecular fingerprints in tumours. By leveraging multi-omics and epidemiological information, we can unveil relationships between carcinogenesis processes that would otherwise remain hidden. Our integrative analysis of DNA methylome, transcriptome, and somatic mutation profiles of kidney tumours linked ageing, epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), and xenobiotic metabolism to kidney carcinogenesis. Ageing process was represented by associations with cellular mitotic clocks such as epiTOC2, SBS1, telomere length, and PBRM1 and SETD2 mutations, which ticked faster as tumours progressed. We identified a relationship between BAP1 driver mutations and the epigenetic upregulation of EMT genes (IL20RB and WT1), correlating with increased tumour immune infiltration, advanced stage, and poorer patient survival. We also observed an interaction between epigenetic silencing of the xenobiotic metabolism gene GSTP1 and tobacco use, suggesting a link to genotoxic effects and impaired xenobiotic metabolism. Our pan-cancer analysis showed these relationships in other tumour types. Our study enhances the understanding of kidney carcinogenesis and its relation to risk factors and progression, with implications for other tumour types.
Total syntheses of Kavaratamide A and 5-epi-Kavaratamide A
Authors: Ren Tieshun , Lv Ke , Hu Fangzhong , Chen Yue 
Published: November 2024

The total syntheses of Kavaratamide A, a new linear lipodepsipeptide from cyanobacterium Moorena bouillonii, and its isomer 5-epi-Kavaratamide A were achieved. Cytotoxicity test suggested that they have a moderate bioactivity against cancer cells.
A SET‐tolerant StrongARM comparator with improved performance
Authors: Zhou Chentian , Han Yuanyuan , Cheng Xu , Zeng Xiaoyang 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn this paper, a radiation hardened by design StrongARM comparator is proposed to mitigate the radiation effects. With 12 additional transistors compared to the conventional one, the proposed structure shows much higher immunity to single‐event transients. During the amplification phase, when the input differential voltage is 10 mV, the proposed structure can withstand up to 18fC free charge, 45x far surpassing the conventional structure. During the regeneration phase, every sensitive node in the proposed structure can withstand a 200 fC‐injected charge. Compared to other redundant structures with performance deterioration, the proposed architecture exhibits high‐speed characteristics. When the differential voltage between two inputs is 1 mV, the delay of the new structure is 168.26 ps and the speed improvement is 118.02% over the conventional structure.
Revisiting the role of thermal energy storage in low‐temperature electrified district heating systems
Authors: Lu Hai , Zhang Hao , Lu Shuai 
Published: November 2024

AbstractDecarbonising the energy supply system is crucial to mitigate climate challenges. An emerging type of the multi‐energy system, that is, the low‐temperature electrified district heating system is gaining increasing popularity as a potential solution for future low‐carbon heat supply. This paper investigated its operational optimisation with thermal energy storage (TES) installed at building sides. The optimisation model was to obtain the minimum operation costs of all heat pumps in this system. The TES was meant to achieve energy arbitrage through load shift, but it was observed from the optimised results that the TES did not play an active role in the optimisation. Five possible causes were identified and further investigated to reveal their impacts on the optimisation process. Results showed that the thermal capacitance, thermal resistance, and indoor temperature range of the building were major influencing factors, while the electricity price tariff and heat loss parameters of TES were minor ones. The results indicate that there is no need to equip the TES for operational optimisation purposes when the building thermal capacitance is larger than a threshold value, the thermal resistance is smaller than a threshold value, or the indoor temperature range is broader than a threshold value. These threshold values are case‐specific and can be determined with the simulation model and method developed in this paper.
Investigation of lunar ejecta dynamics: particles reaching the near-Earth space and their effect on Earth-based observation
Authors: Yang Kun , Jiang Yu , Liang Youpeng , Liu Xiaodong 
Published: November 2024

Aims. Particles ejected from the lunar surface via hypervelocity impacts form a torus between the Earth and the Moon. According to our previous study, about 2.3 × 10−4 kg/s particles impact the Earth after long-term orbital evolution. We mainly focus on these Earth impactors, analyze their orbital element distribution, and estimate their influence on Earth-based observations.
Methods. In previous work we simulated the long-term orbital evolution of particles ejected from the lunar surface, and obtained their steady-state spatial distribution in the Earth–Moon system. For this work we analyzed the simulation results for the Earth impactors, including the fraction of impactors with different initial parameters among all impactors, the orbital element distribution, and the projection of particles onto several Earth-based observatories.
Results. Particles ejected from the lunar surface are more likely to impact the Earth within a certain range of initial parameters. Most of these lunar-ejected impactors (~70%) reach the Earth within one year, while most of the small ones (87.2% of 0.2 μm particles and 64.6% of 0.5 μm particles) reach the Earth within one week. A large proportion of lunar-ejected Earth impactors can be distinguished from interplanetary dust particles according to the differences in their orbital distributions. In addition, lunar-ejected particles may exhibit distinct configurations and orientations from the perspectives of different Earth-based observatories.