bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Serum SP70 is a sensitive predictor of chemotherapy response in patients with advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer
Authors: Liu Jingping , Zhang Wei , Gu Min , Ji Yazhou , Yang Lu , Cheng Xiangjun , Xiao Xuelian , Xu Jian , Gu Chunrong , Zhang Jiexin , Zhang Shichang , Chen Dan , Pan Shiyang 
Published: May 2018

AbstractSP70 is a novel tumor biomarker in patients with nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, its role as a marker for predicting the response to chemotherapy for patients with advanced NSCLC has not been investigated. A total of 152 patients were enrolled. Serum SP70, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), cytokeratin 19 fragment (CYFRA21‐1), and neuron‐specific enolase (NSE) were detected before and after 2 cycles of chemotherapy. The correlation between serum tumor biomarker levels and chemotherapy responses and their association with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation status and progression‐free survival (PFS) were analyzed. Serum SP70 levels were significantly decreased after chemotherapy in the partial remission (PR) group (P < .001) and increased in the progressive disease (PD) group (P < .001), but not significantly changed in the stable disease (SD) group (P = .114). Although similar changes were observed on CEA and CYFRA21‐1 levels but not NSE, ROC analysis demonstrated that SP70 is superior to the others. Additionally, patients with EGFR mutation had higher serum SP70 levels and tissue SP70 expression than patients without EGFR mutation (P = .014 and P = .002, respectively). The median PFS of patients with decreased SP70 levels after chemotherapy was longer than that of patients with stable or increased serum SP70 level (24 months vs 12 months vs 2 months, P < .001), and the differences of all other 3 tumor markers were not obvious. Serum SP70 is a sensitive and real‐time indicator of chemotherapeutic efficacy in patients with advanced NSCLC and related to PFS.
Ventilator auto‐triggering by cardiac electrical activity during noninvasive ventilation with neurally adjusted ventilatory assist
Authors: Inata Yu , Takeuchi Muneyuki 
Published: May 2018

Key Clinical MessageNeurally adjusted ventilatory assist (NAVA), by capturing the electrical activity of the diaphragm, improves patient‐ventilator synchrony. It is, however, not completely immune from auto‐triggering by cardiac electrical activity as illustrated in this case. Stringent observation of respiratory rate and vigilance for this phenomenon is warranted when using NAVA.
A novel physical layer security approach in OFDMA‐MISO networks in the presence of noncooperative and cooperative adversary users with unknown mode
Authors: Taghipour Javad , Azmi Paeiz , Mokari Nader 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThis paper proposes a novel physical layer security approach in an orthogonal frequency division multiple access system. Then, a joint subchannel assignment and power allocation method is proposed. It is assumed that there are multiadversary users in the considered orthogonal frequency division multiple access–based network. Each adversary user can be a passive user (ie, he/she just eavesdrops) or an active user (ie, he/she sends jamming to make disturbance). The adversary users can choose active or passive mode according to their situation in the network. In a real network, legitimate users do not have deterministic information about the passive and active modes of adversary users. Here, we assume that the active and passive modes of adversary users are unknown. We also introduce both noncooperative and cooperative scenarios for adversary users. In the noncooperative scenario, the adversary users do not have cooperation and they act independently. In the cooperative scenario, they have cooperation with each other to eavesdrop well and reduce the secrecy rate of the network. For the noncooperative adversary users, a probabilistic method is proposed to estimate the active or passive mode of the adversary users. Based on the proposed probabilistic method, the average secrecy rate for the network is obtained. For the cooperative adversary users, we assume that they are smart and organized; it means that they choose their active or passive mode based on the situation of other adversary users to reach the best performance. Since the total secrecy rate in two scenarios is nonconvex, the corresponding optimization problem is nonconvex. We propose an iterative method for joint subchannel assignment and power allocation to maximize the total secrecy rate of the network. A linear search method is proposed for the subchannel assignment, and a successive convex approximation approach is proposed to solve the power allocation problem.
Light at night disrupts nocturnal rest and elevates glucocorticoids at cool color temperatures
Authors: Alaasam Valentina J. , Duncan Richard , Casagrande Stefania , Davies Scott , Sidher Abhijaat , Seymoure Brett , Shen Yantao , Zhang Yong , Ouyang Jenny Q. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractNighttime light pollution is quickly becoming a pervasive, global concern. Since the invention and proliferation of light‐emitting diodes (LED), it has become common for consumers to select from a range of color temperatures of light with varying spectra. Yet, the biological impacts of these different spectra on organisms remain unclear. We tested if nighttime illumination of LEDs, at two commercially available color temperatures (3000 and 5000 K) and at ecologically relevant illumination levels affected body condition, food intake, locomotor activity, and glucocorticoid levels in zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata). We found that individuals exposed to 5000 K light had higher rates of nighttime activity (peaking after 1 week of treatment) compared to 3000 K light and controls (no nighttime light). Birds in the 5000 K treatment group also had increased corticosterone levels from pretreatment levels compared to 3000 K and control groups but no changes in body condition or food intake. Individuals that were active during the night did not consequently decrease daytime activity. This study adds to the growing evidence that the spectrum of artificial light at night is important, and we advocate the use of nighttime lighting with warmer color temperatures of 3000 K instead of 5000 K to decrease energetic costs for avian taxa.
Outcomes of intradetrusor onabotulinum toxin A injection in patients with Parkinson's disease
Authors: Vurture Gregory , Peyronnet Benoit , Feigin Andrew , Biagioni Milton C. , Gilbert Rebecca , Rosenblum Nirit , Frucht Steven , Di Rocco Alessandro , Nitti Victor W. , Brucker Benjamin M. 
Published: May 2018

ObjectiveTo assess the safety and efficacy of intradetrusor onabotulinum toxin A injections for the treatment of overactive bladder (OAB) in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD).MethodsAll PD patients who underwent intradetrusor injections of onabotulinum toxin A (BoNT‐A) for storage symptoms between 2010 and 2017 were included in a retrospective study. A 100 U dose of BoNT‐A (Botox®, Allergan Irvine, CA) was used for the first injection in all patients. The primary endpoint was clinical success defined as any subjective improvement in OAB symptoms self‐assessed by the patients 4 weeks after the injections.ResultsOut of 24 patients analyzed, 19 reported improvement of their OAB symptoms 4 weeks after the first injection (79.2%) with complete resolution of urgency urinary incontinence in seven patients (29.1%; P < 0.001). The average post‐void residual (PVR) increased significantly after the first injection from 17.6 to 125.3 mL (P < 0.001). Three of the patients had to start clean intermittent catheterization (CIC) after the first injection (12.5%). Out of 49 injections in total, only five caused incomplete bladder emptying requiring the use of CIC (10.2%). Higher pre‐injection PVR was significantly associated with both a lower chance of symptomatic improvement (P = 0.04) and a higher risk of incomplete bladder emptying with institution of CIC (P = 0.047).ConclusionIntradetrusor injections of BoNT‐A 100 U appeared as a safe and effective option in PD patients with OAB symptoms and a low PVR before the injection. Higher preoperative PVR was the strongest predictor of both treatment failure and postoperative urinary retention requiring CIC.
Soluble Fiber Use in Pediatric Short Bowel Syndrome: A Survey on Prevailing Practices
Authors: Harvie Meredith Linley , Norris Margaret Alyssa Tucker , Sevilla Wednesday Marie A. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractBackgroundIn pediatric short bowel syndrome (SBS), adding fiber to enteral feedings is 1 treatment method to manage increased stool output. However, there are no standardized recommendations on the use of fiber in this setting, including type, dosage, titration strategies, etc.ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to determine current prevailing practices on the use of fiber in the treatment of chronic high stool output in the pediatric SBS population.MethodsAn anonymous electronic survey with 13 questions was sent through health professional electronic mailing lists. The survey was completed by healthcare professionals including physicians (primary care, subspecialists, and surgeons), nurse practitioners, and registered dietitians.ResultsA total of 94 responses were received. The most common supplemental fiber used was pectin (62.8%). The 2 major factors considered when initiating fiber therapy were consistency of stool (74.5%) and volume of stool output (85.1%). The major factor that determined discontinuation of fiber was abdominal distention (67%). A majority of providers waited 2 weeks or less to see improvement following fiber initiation before discontinuing it.ConclusionsThe goal of the survey was to gather more information with regard to fiber use in the management of SBS patients. The data collected can be used to provide future direction on determining best practices for fiber use in SBS patients.
Towards a bulk description of higher spin SYK
Authors: González Hernán A. , Grumiller Daniel , Salzer Jakob 
Published: May 2018

AbstractWe consider on the bulk side extensions of the Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev (SYK) model to Yang-Mills and higher spins. To this end we study generalizations of the Jackiw-Teitelboim (JT) model in the BF formulation. Our main goal is to obtain generalizations of the Schwarzian action, which we achieve in two ways: by considering the on-shell action supplemented by suitable boundary terms compatible with all symmetries, and by applying the Lee-Wald-Zoupas formalism to analyze the symplectic structure of dilaton gravity. We conclude with a discussion of the entropy (including log-corrections from higher spins) and a holographic dictionary for the generalized SYK/JT correspondence.
Electronic Voting to Improve Morbidity and Mortality Conferences
Authors: Zindel Joel , Kaderli Reto M. , Jakob Manuel O. , Dosch Michel , Tschan Franziska , Candinas Daniel , Beldi Guido 
Published: May 2018

AbstractBackgroundIt is of major importance in clinical surgery to identify potential patterns and specific causes of complications. Therefore, morbidity and mortality meetings (M&M) are widely used to discuss and evaluate deviations from expected outcomes in order to improve surgical practice. Moreover, M&M represent an important tool for continuous medical education. In this study, we introduced an electronic voting system to assess whether anonymity during M&M could limit potential biases due to hierarchical structures or opinion leaders.MethodsThis study was conducted in the surgical department of a European tertiary care center. During the study period, electronic voting was applied in 412 M&M cases and compared with a baseline of 330 conventional M&M entries. In this interrupted time series, the educational quality and participant satisfaction of the M&M were assessed using surveys before and after the introduction of electronic voting. The surveys were refined using principle component analysis. In addition, the classification of the cause of the complication was recorded.ResultsThe introduction of electronic voting led to a significant increase in perceived educational quality from 2.63 to 3.36 (p < 0.01), and the overall participant satisfaction increased from 2.6 ± 0.9 to 3.7 ± 1.2 (p < 0.01) on a five‐point Likert scale. The frequency of voting shifted from “patient’s disease” (before 42.9, after 27.6%, p = 0.04) to “misadventure” (before 1.1, after 16.0%, p < 0.01). The voting frequencies for the causes attributed to “management” and “technical” remained constant.ConclusionsAn electronic voting system in M&M meetings increases perceived educational quality and participant satisfaction.
Formerly Incarcerated Parents and Their Children
Authors: Western Bruce , Smith Natalie 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe negative effects of incarceration on child well-being are often linked to the economic insecurity of formerly incarcerated parents. Researchers caution, however, that the effects of parental incarceration may be small in the presence of multiple-partner fertility and other family complexity. Despite these claims, few studies have directly observed either economic insecurity or the full extent of family complexity. We study parent-child relationships with a unique data set that includes detailed information about economic insecurity and family complexity among parents just released from prison. We find that stable private housing, more than income, is associated with close and regular contact between parents and children. Formerly incarcerated parents see their children less regularly in contexts of multiple-partner fertility and in the absence of supportive family relationships. Significant housing and family effects are estimated even after we control for drug use and crime, which are themselves negatively related to parental contact. The findings point to the constraints of material insecurity and the complexity of family relationships on the contact between formerly incarcerated parents and their children.
Building fisheries institutions through collective action in Norway
Authors: Jentoft Svein , Finstad Bjørn-Petter 
Published: May 2018

AbstractInstitutions, and the collective action that created them and which they enable, can play an important role in poverty eradication. In Norway, the Raw Fish Act passed in 1938 in the aftermath of the international financial crisis that hit the fishing industry hard, and the fishers’ cooperative sales-organizations that it authorized testify to this. Most of all, they helped to empower fishers in their economic transactions throughout the value chain. Since the RFA’s enactment, it has undergone reform that has somewhat changed the mandate of the sales-organizations, but the basic principles and functions remain. Although the historical context and institutional designs of the Raw Fish Act and the cooperative sales-organizations that it mandated, are unique, together they addressed a problem that small-scale fishers are experiencing in other parts of the world - one of poverty, marginalization and exploitation. The Raw Fish Act and the system of mandated, cooperative sales-organizations radically altered this predicament and turned the table in fishers’ favor. The question, therefore, is what lessons do the Norwegian example offer that might be emulated elsewhere?
A qualitative examination of the factors related to the development and maintenance of insomnia in cancer survivors
Authors: Garland Sheila N. , Barg Frances K. , Cakouros Brigid , Gehrman Philip , DuHamel Katherine N. , Mao Jun J. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractObjectiveInsomnia is underrecognized and inadequately managed, with close to 60% of cancer survivors experiencing insomnia at some point in the treatment trajectory. The objective of this study was to further understand predisposing, precipitating, and perpetuating factors in the development and maintenance of insomnia in cancer survivors.MethodA heterogeneous sample of 63 patients who had completed active treatment was recruited. Participants were required to have a score >7 on the Insomnia Severity Index and meet the diagnostic criteria for insomnia disorder. Open-ended, semistructured interviews were conducted to elicit participants’ experiences with sleep problems. An a priori set of codes and a set of codes that emerged from the data were used to analyze the data.ResultThe mean age of the sample was 60.5 years, with 30% identifying as non-white and 59% reporting their sex as female. The cancer types represented were heterogeneous with the two most common being breast (30%) and prostate (21%). Participants described an inherited risk for insomnia, anxious temperament, and insufficient ability to relax as predisposing factors. Respondents were split as to whether they classified their cancer diagnosis as the precipitating factor for their insomnia. Participants reported several behaviors that are known to perpetuate problems with sleep including napping, using back-lit electronics before bed, and poor sleep hygiene. One of the most prominent themes identified was the use of sleeping medications. Participants reported that they were reluctant to take medication but felt that it was the only option to treat their insomnia and that it was encouraged by their doctors.Significance of resultsInsomnia is a prevalent, but highly treatable, disorder in cancer survivors. Patients and provider education is needed to change individual and organizational behaviors that contribute to the development and maintenance of insomnia and increase access to evidence-based nonpharmacological interventions.
Resolution Dependence and Rossby Wave Modulation of Atmospheric Rivers in an Aquaplanet Model
Authors: Swenson Erik T. , Lu Jian , Straus David M. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractAtmospheric rivers (ARs) are examined in a set of aquaplanet simulations using the Model for Prediction Across Scales dynamical core run at multiple horizontal resolutions, namely, 240, 120, and 60 km. As the resolution is increased, there is an increase in the occurrence of long‐lasting ARs. At the same time there is also an increase in the local finite‐amplitude wave activity (LWA) of upper‐tropospheric absolute vorticity, a measure for Rossby wave phase and amplitude that is closely linked with wave breaking. Consistent with the notion that changes in ARs are driven by midlatitude dynamics, a strong relationship is identified between ARs and the equatorward component of LWA. A logistic regression model is used to quantify the probability of AR occurrence based solely on LWA and explains most of the change in AR frequency with resolution. LWA is a diagnostic that may be easily applied to the broadly available output of phase 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison project and other model simulations, thus enabling scientists to infer AR and Rossby wave characteristics. AR characteristics, in particular, require higher‐resolution moisture and winds at multiple levels that are not always easily available.
Responses of the Martian Magnetosphere to an Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejection: MAVEN Observations and LatHyS Results
Authors: Romanelli N. , Modolo R. , Leblanc F. , Chaufray J.‐Y. , Martinez A. , Ma Y. , Lee C. O. , Luhmann J. G. , Halekas J. , Brain D. , DiBraccio G. , Espley J. , Mcfadden J. , Jakosky B. , Holmström M. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN (MAVEN) spacecraft observed a strong interplanetary coronal mass ejection (ICME) reaching Mars on 13 September 2017. In this work we analyze the interaction between such an extreme event and the Martian‐induced magnetosphere by means of Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux et Observations Spatiales Hybrid Simulation (LatHyS) stationary runs and magnetic field and plasma observations obtained by MAVEN in a time interval from ∼ 5 hr before the ICME shock arrival to about 5.5 hr after the impact. Detailed comparisons between simulation results and such MAVEN measurements are performed and show that several stages during this interaction can be described through a combination of steady states. LatHyS results show the simulated bow shock is closer to the planet for higher magnetosonic Mach number and solar wind dynamic pressure conditions, in agreement with previous observational studies. MAVEN observations and LatHyS results also suggest a compression on the flanks of the magnetic pileup boundary. Finally, simulated H+ and O+ planetary escape rates increase by a factor ∼10 and ∼2.4, respectively, due to the ICME passage through the Martian magnetosphere.
Hox and Wnt pattern the primary body axis of an anthozoan cnidarian before gastrulation
Authors: DuBuc Timothy Q. , Stephenson Thomas B. , Rock Amber Q. , Martindale Mark Q. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractHox gene transcription factors are important regulators of positional identity along the anterior–posterior axis in bilaterian animals. Cnidarians (e.g., sea anemones, corals, and hydroids) are the sister group to the Bilateria and possess genes related to both anterior and central/posterior class Hox genes. Here we report a previously unrecognized domain of Hox expression in the starlet sea anemone, Nematostella vectensis, beginning at early blastula stages. We explore the relationship of two opposing Hox genes (NvAx6/NvAx1) expressed on each side of the blastula during early development. Functional perturbation reveals that NvAx6 and NvAx1 not only regulate their respective expression domains, but also interact with Wnt genes to pattern the entire oral–aboral axis. These findings suggest an ancient link between Hox/Wnt patterning during axis formation and indicate that oral–aboral domains are likely established during blastula formation in anthozoan cnidarians.
rbFOX1/MBNL1 competition for CCUG RNA repeats binding contributes to myotonic dystrophy type 1/type 2 differences
Authors: Sellier Chantal , Cerro-Herreros Estefanía , Blatter Markus , Freyermuth Fernande , Gaucherot Angeline , Ruffenach Frank , Sarkar Partha , Puymirat Jack , Udd Bjarne , Day John W. , Meola Giovanni , Bassez Guillaume , Fujimura Harutoshi , Takahashi Masanori P. , Schoser Benedikt , Furling Denis , Artero Ruben , Allain Frédéric H. T. , Llamusi Beatriz , Charlet-Berguerand Nicolas 
Published: May 2018

AbstractMyotonic dystrophy type 1 and type 2 (DM1, DM2) are caused by expansions of CTG and CCTG repeats, respectively. RNAs containing expanded CUG or CCUG repeats interfere with the metabolism of other RNAs through titration of the Muscleblind-like (MBNL) RNA binding proteins. DM2 follows a more favorable clinical course than DM1, suggesting that specific modifiers may modulate DM severity. Here, we report that the rbFOX1 RNA binding protein binds to expanded CCUG RNA repeats, but not to expanded CUG RNA repeats. Interestingly, rbFOX1 competes with MBNL1 for binding to CCUG expanded repeats and overexpression of rbFOX1 partly releases MBNL1 from sequestration within CCUG RNA foci in DM2 muscle cells. Furthermore, expression of rbFOX1 corrects alternative splicing alterations and rescues muscle atrophy, climbing and flying defects caused by expression of expanded CCUG repeats in a Drosophila model of DM2.
Revealing missing charges with generalised quantum fluctuation relations
Authors: Mur-Petit J. , Relaño A. , Molina R. A. , Jaksch D. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe non-equilibrium dynamics of quantum many-body systems is one of the most fascinating problems in physics. Open questions range from how they relax to equilibrium to how to extract useful work from them. A critical point lies in assessing whether a system has conserved quantities (or ‘charges’), as these can drastically influence its dynamics. Here we propose a general protocol to reveal the existence of charges based on a set of exact relations between out-of-equilibrium fluctuations and equilibrium properties of a quantum system. We apply these generalised quantum fluctuation relations to a driven quantum simulator, demonstrating their relevance to obtain unbiased temperature estimates from non-equilibrium measurements. Our findings will help guide research on the interplay of quantum and thermal fluctuations in quantum simulation, in studying the transition from integrability to chaos and in the design of new quantum devices.