bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamics and Formation of the Near-resonant K2-24 System: Insights from Transit-timing Variations and Radial Velocities
Authors: Petigura Erik A. , Benneke Björn , Batygin Konstantin , Fulton Benjamin J. , Werner Michael , Krick Jessica E. , Gorjian Varoujan , Sinukoff Evan , Deck Katherine M. , Mills Sean M. , Deming Drake 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
While planets between the size of Uranus and Saturn are absent within the solar system, the star K2-24 hosts two such planets, K2-24b and c, with radii equal to 5.4

and 7.5

, respectively. The two planets have orbital periods of 20.9 days and 42.4 days, residing only 1% outside the nominal 2:1 mean-motion resonance. In this work, we present results from a coordinated observing campaign to measure planet masses and eccentricities that combines radial velocity measurements from Keck/HIRES and transit-timing measurements from K2 and Spitzer. K2-24b and c have low, but nonzero, eccentricities of

. The low observed eccentricities provide clues to the formation and dynamical evolution of K2-24b and K2-24c, suggesting that they could be the result of stochastic gravitational interactions with a turbulent protoplanetary disk, among other mechanisms. K2-24b and c are

and

, respectively; K2-24c is 20% less massive than K2-24b, despite being 40% larger. Their large sizes and low masses imply large envelope fractions, which we estimate at

% and

%. In particular, K2-24c’s large envelope presents an intriguing challenge to the standard model of core-nucleated accretion that predicts the onset of runaway accretion when

≈ 50%.
Magnetic Activity and Period Variation Studies of the Short-period Eclipsing Binaries. III. V1175 Her, NSVS 2669503, and 1SWASP J133417.80+394314.4
Authors: Lu Hong-peng , Michel Raul , Zhang Li-yun , Castro Angel 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
New multi-band CCD light curves of three binaries W UMa-type V1175 Her, NSVS 2669503, and 1SWASP J133417.80+394314.4 are presented. Spectroscopic data for V1175 Her and NSVS 2669503 show that their spectral types are G7V and K4V, respectively. Photometric solutions of these three objects were obtained with the help of the Wilson–Devinney program. We find that V1175 Her is a semi-detached binary star with a hot spot located on the secondary component, while NSVS 2669503 and 1SWASP J133417.80+394314.4 are contact eclipsing binaries with contact factors of f = 1.070 ± 0.002% and f = 21.250 ± 0.005%, respectively. Moreover, we found that the orbital period of V1175 Her is increasing at a rate of (+3.1 ± 0.1) × 10−7 days yr−1. This increase may be attributed to a

mass-transfer rate from the primary to the secondary component. Finally, we discuss the evolutionary stage of the component stars of these three systems.
Bridging Star-forming Galaxy and AGN Ultraviolet Luminosity Functions at z = 4 with the SHELA Wide-field Survey
Authors: Stevans Matthew L. , Finkelstein Steven L. , Wold Isak , Kawinwanichakij Lalitwadee , Papovich Casey , Sherman Sydney , Ciardullo Robin , Florez Jonathan , Gronwall Caryl , Jogee Shardha , Somerville Rachel S. , Yung L. Y. Aaron 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
We present a joint analysis of the rest-frame ultraviolet (UV) luminosity functions of continuum-selected star-forming galaxies and galaxies dominated by active galactic nuclei (AGNs) at z ∼ 4. These 3740 z ∼ 4 galaxies are selected from broadband imaging in nine photometric bands over 18 deg2 in the Spitzer/HETDEX Exploratory Large Area Survey field. The large area and moderate depth of our survey provide a unique view of the intersection between the bright end of the galaxy UV luminosity function (M
AB < −22) and the faint end of the AGN UV luminosity function. We do not separate AGN-dominated galaxies from star-formation-dominated galaxies, but rather fit both luminosity functions simultaneously. These functions are best fit with a double power law for both the galaxy and AGN components, where the galaxy bright-end slope has a power-law index of −3.80 ± 0.10 and the corresponding AGN faint-end slope is

. We cannot rule out a Schechter-like exponential decline for the galaxy UV luminosity function, and in this scenario the AGN luminosity function has a steeper faint-end slope of

. Comparison of our galaxy luminosity function results with a representative cosmological model of galaxy formation suggests that the molecular gas depletion time must be shorter, implying that star formation is more efficient in bright galaxies at z = 4 than at the present day. If the galaxy luminosity function does indeed have a power-law shape at the bright end, the implied ionizing emissivity from AGNs is not inconsistent with previous observations. However, if the underlying galaxy distribution is Schechter, it implies a significantly higher ionizing emissivity from AGNs at this epoch.
An Evaluation of 10 Lensing Models of the Frontier Fields Cluster MACS J0416.1-2403
Authors: González J. D. Remolina , Sharon K. , Mahler G. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Galaxy clusters can act as gravitational lenses and magnify the universe behind them, allowing us to see deep into the early universe. The Hubble Space Telescope Frontier Fields program uses six galaxy clusters imaged by Hubble to discover and study galaxies at z ∼ 5–10. Seven independent teams developed lens models and derived magnifications for each galaxy cluster, based on positional and redshift constraints from the best available data at the time. In this work we evaluate 10 models for MACS J0416.1-2403 that were made public in 2015 by contrasting them with new spectroscopic redshifts that were measured in 2016. We developed an independent comparison method that uses the source plane root-mean-square as a metric of lensing model performance. Our analysis quantifies the ability of models to predict unknown multiple images. We examine the source plane scatter of multiply imaged systems and explore the dependence of the scatter on the location and the redshift of the background sources. The analysis we present evaluates the performance of the different algorithms in the specific case of the MACS J0416.1-2403 models.
Numerical Simulations of the Jet Dynamics and Synchrotron Radiation of Binary Neutron Star Merger Event GW170817/GRB 170817A
Authors: Xie Xiaoyi , Zrake Jonathan , MacFadyen Andrew 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
We present numerical simulations of energetic flows propagating through the debris cloud of a binary neutron star (BNS) merger. Starting from the scale of the central engine, we use a moving-mesh hydrodynamics code to simulate the complete dynamical evolution of the relativistic jets produced. We compute synchrotron emission directly from the simulations and present multiband light curves of the early (subday) through late (weeks to years) afterglow stages. Our work systematically compares two distinct models for the central engine, referred to as the narrow- and wide-engine scenarios, respectively associated with a successful structured jet and quasi-isotropic explosion. Both engine models naturally evolve angular and radial structures through hydrodynamical interaction with the merger debris cloud. They both also result in a relativistic blast wave capable of producing the observed multiband afterglow data. However, we find that the narrow- and wide-engine scenarios might be differentiated by a new emission component that we refer to as a merger flash. This component is a consequence of applying the synchrotron radiation model to the shocked optically thin merger cloud. Such modeling is appropriate if injection of nonthermal electrons is sustained in the breakout relativistic shell, for example by internal shocks or magnetic reconnection. The rapidly declining signature may be detectable for future BNS mergers during the first minutes to the day following the gravitational wave chirp. Furthermore, its nondetection for the GRB170817A event may disfavor the wide, quasi-isotropic explosion model.
Resolving the ISM at the Peak of Cosmic Star Formation with ALMA: The Distribution of CO and Dust Continuum in z ∼ 2.5 Submillimeter Galaxies
Authors: Rivera Gabriela Calistro , Hodge J. A. , Smail Ian , Swinbank A. M. , Weiss A. , Wardlow J. L. , Walter F. , Rybak M. , Chen Chian-Chou , Brandt W. N. , Coppin K. , Cunha E. da , Dannerbauer H. , Greve T. R. , Karim A. , Knudsen K. K. , Schinnerer E. , Simpson J. M. , Venemans B. , Werf P. P. van der 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
We use Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA) observations of four submillimeter galaxies (SMGs) at z ∼ 2–3 to investigate the spatially resolved properties of the interstellar medium (ISM) at scales of 1–5 kpc (0.″1–0.″6). The velocity fields of our sources, traced by the 12CO(J = 3–2) emission, are consistent with disk rotation to the first order, implying average dynamical masses of ∼3 × 1011

within two half-light radii. Through a Bayesian approach we investigate the uncertainties inherent to dynamically constraining total gas masses. We explore the covariance between the stellar mass-to-light ratio and CO-to-H2 conversion factor, α
CO, finding values of

for dark matter fractions of 15%. We show that the resolved spatial distribution of the gas and dust continuum can be uncorrelated to the stellar emission, challenging energy balance assumptions in global SED fitting. Through a stacking analysis of the resolved radial profiles of the CO(3–2), stellar, and dust continuum emission in SMG samples, we find that the cool molecular gas emission in these sources (radii ∼5–14 kpc) is clearly more extended than the rest-frame ∼250 μm dust continuum by a factor >2. We propose that assuming a constant dust-to-gas ratio, this apparent difference in sizes can be explained by temperature and optical depth gradients alone. Our results suggest that caution must be exercised when extrapolating morphological properties of dust continuum observations to conclusions about the molecular gas phase of the interstellar medium (ISM).
The Spatial Origin of Chondrules in Individual Chondrites: Constraints from Modeling Chondrule Mixing
Authors: Hezel Dominik C. , Parteli Eric J. R. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Chondrules are a major component of chondritic meteorites and potentially populated the entire protoplanetary disk before planet formation. Chondrules provide insights into the physical and chemical evolution of the protoplanetary disk. An important constraint for the protoplanetary disk is whether chondrules in individual chondrite groups formed in spatially separate reservoirs and were then transported and mixed throughout the disk, finally accreting in chondrites, or did chondrules in individual chondrite groups form and then accrete in the same reservoir and locality, without large-scale transport and mixing involved. Both scenarios have been proposed. Here we use bulk chondrule compositional data from the recently published ChondriteDB database in combination with a mixing model we developed to test whether the compositional distributions of chondrule populations in individual chondrites (1) are the result of mixing chondrules from multiple parental reservoirs or (2) originated from single parental reservoirs. We thereby provide a fundamental framework that each mixing model needs to obey. Although one mixing model is principally possible, this particular model is unlikely, and it therefore appears more reasonable that chondrules in individual chondrites originated from single, although different, parental reservoirs. Significant disk-wide transport or mixing of chondrules seems unlikely, while chondrule-forming models that produce chondrules from single reservoirs seem more likely. Anomalous minor element and nucleosynthetic isotope chondrule compositions are possibly best explained by admixing tiny nuggets such as refractory or presolar grains with distinct elemental or isotopic compositions into chondrules.
The Fate of Supernova-heated Gas in Star-forming Regions of the LMC: Lessons for Galaxy Formation?
Authors: Bustard Chad , Pardy Stephen A. , D’Onghia Elena , Zweibel Ellen G. , Gallagher J. S. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Galactic winds and fountains driven by supernova-heated gas play an integral role in redistributing gas in galaxies, depositing metals in the circumgalactic medium, and quenching star formation. The interplay between these outflows and ram-pressure stripping (RPS) due to the galaxy’s motion through an ambient medium may enhance these effects by converting fountain flows into expelled gas. In this paper, we present controlled, 3D simulations of RPS combined with thermally driven, local outflows from clustered supernovae in an isolated disk galaxy modeled on the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC), a dwarf satellite of the Milky Way on its first infall. Observational evidence of local outflows emanating from supergiant shells in the LMC and a trailing filament of H i gas originating from these regions—with no obvious Leading Arm counterpart—may represent a perfect example of this process. Our simulations present a proof of concept that ram pressure can convert fountain flows into expelled gas. We find that fountains launched near the peak star formation time of the LMC can comprise part of the LMC filament in the Trailing Stream but with lower column densities than observed. Larger, more numerous outflows from the LMC may be possible and may contribute more mass, but higher-inertia gas will lengthen the timescale for this gas to be swept away by ram pressure. Given the high-resolution observations, increased knowledge of star formation histories, and growing evidence of multiphase ionized outflows, the LMC is an ideal test bed for future wind models.
A Fourier Domain “Jerk” Search for Binary Pulsars
Authors: Andersen Bridget C. , Ransom Scott M. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
While binary pulsar systems are fantastic laboratories for a wide array of astrophysics, they are particularly difficult to detect. The orbital motion of the pulsar changes its apparent spin frequency over the course of an observation, essentially “smearing” the response of the time series in the Fourier domain. We review the Fourier domain acceleration search (FDAS), which uses a matched filtering algorithm to correct for this smearing by assuming constant acceleration for a small enough portion of the orbit. We discuss the theory and implementation of a Fourier domain “jerk” search, developed as part of the PRESTO software package, which extends the FDAS to account for a linearly changing acceleration, or constant orbital jerk, of the pulsar. We test the performance of our algorithm on archival Green Bank Telescope observations of the globular cluster Terzan 5, and show that while the jerk search has a significantly longer runtime, it improves search sensitivity to binaries when the observation duration is 5%–15% of the orbital period. Finally, we present the jerk-search-enabled detection of Ter5am (PSR J1748−2446am), a new highly accelerated pulsar in a compact, eccentric, and relativistic orbit, with a likely pulsar mass of

M
⊙.
Chères prisons ? Le coût des établissements de détention du canton de Vaud dans une perspective de longue durée, 1845-2015
Authors: Guex Sébastien , Buclin Hadrien 
Published: August 2018

Cet article étudie l’évolution du coût de la détention dans le canton de Vaud entre 1845 et 2015. Il met en lumière que les prisons sont loin d’entraîner un coût exorbitant pour les finances publiques. En effet, le travail des détenus et la vente de produits qui en résulte permettent à l’État de dégager des recettes importantes ; certaines années, des établissements de détention parviennent même à couvrir la quasi totalité de leurs frais de fonctionnement grâce au travail des prisonniers. Dans la deuxième moitié du XX e siècle, malgré l’augmentation du coût de la détention, notamment provoquée par la hausse des salaires du personnel pénitentiaire, le budget des prisons continue à absorber une part modeste du Produit intérieur brut. Ce constat permet de questionner les discours répandus autour du prétendu coût exorbitant de la détention, ainsi que leurs potentielles instrumentalisations politiques.
Delivery and Student Perceptions of Drive‐Through Laboratory Sessions in an Introductory‐Level Soil Science Course
Authors: Abit Sergio M. , Curl Patrick , Lasquites James Jade , MacNelly Blake 
Published: August 2018

Core Ideas
Drive‐through laboratory sessions are effective teaching tools in lecture‐only classes.
Understanding and appreciation increases if lectures are paired with hands‐on activities.
Students do not mind having laboratory activities in a lecture‐only soil science class.
Students could have difficulty in understanding key concepts about the formation, chemistry, physics, and fertility of the soil when taught in a purely lecture setting. These concepts are better understood when lecture is coupled with hands‐on activities. The course Land, Life, and the Environment is an introductory‐level soil science course that does not have a laboratory component. Because most students in the class do not have previous experience in utilizing and studying the soil, some lecture times were reallocated as laboratory sessions to promote learning and enhance appreciation of key concepts. Four 25‐minute drive‐through laboratory sessions were implemented. Each involved small groups of students who go through activity stations in the laboratory. In each station, the instructor either demonstrated a process, discussed soil properties using examples, or taught analytical procedures. Survey shows that at least 94% of students agreed or strongly agreed that drive‐through labs enhanced understanding and appreciation of soil science concepts. An average of 89% of the student indicated some concepts would have been difficult to learn without the drive‐through labs. Students did not mind attending laboratory sessions in what was intended as a lecture‐only class, with 73% indicating the class should have more than three lab sessions. Drive‐through laboratory activities is an effective teaching tool in soil science courses that do not have a designated laboratory component.
Lee Silverman Voice Treatment BIG® for a Person With Stroke
Authors: Proffitt Rachel M. , Henderson Whitney , Scholl Shea , Nettleton Micaela 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
The extant literature suggests the Lee Silverman Voice Treatment BIG® (LSVT BIG) program is an effective intervention for persons with Parkinson’s disease; however, no literature or research on the use of this program as an intervention for persons with stroke exists. We examined the effects of the LSVT BIG program for a 52-yr-old community-dwelling woman with mild to moderate upper extremity hemiparesis 2 yr after a stroke and the feasibility of delivering the home exercise component of the program in a game-based format. We made measurements at pretest, posttest, and 6-wk follow-up. The participant demonstrated self-reported improvements in occupational performance and satisfaction and large improvements in upper extremity motor function. The next step in this research is to deliver LSVT BIG and a home game-based program with a larger, more diverse population of persons with chronic stroke to further determine the effectiveness and appropriateness of this intervention.
Evidence for Occupational Therapy Intervention With Employment and Education for Adults With Serious Mental Illness: A Systematic Review
Authors: Noyes Susan , Sokolow Helena , Arbesman Marian 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
OBJECTIVE. Many of the estimated 9.8 million American adults with serious mental illness (SMI) want to engage in employment and education, yet the majority report a need for more skills training. This review presents evidence for the effectiveness of interventions that occupational therapy practitioners can provide to help people with SMI improve and maintain performance and participation in employment and education.
METHOD. Citations, abstracts, and full-text articles in databases including MEDLINE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, OTseeker, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews were reviewed for inclusion and analysis.
RESULTS. Fifty-seven articles met criteria for inclusion. For employment, strong evidence was found for the Individual Placement and Support (IPS) model and cognitive interventions. For education, moderate evidence was found for supported education interventions.
CONCLUSION. This systematic review supports the role of occupational therapy practitioners in promoting the implementation of IPS, cognitive-based, and social skills programs to improve vocational and educational outcomes for adults with SMI.
Le thème de l’immigration dans Un nègre a violé une blonde à Dallas de Ramonu Sanusi
Authors: Iyanda Rabiu 
Published: August 2018

La migration est un phénomène social aussi ancien que l’histoire de l’humanité. Avant la colonisation des Européens ont voyagé pour « découvrir » des nations. Après la colonisation, il y a des indépendances des pays colonisés. A la suite de ces indépendances, les Africains voyagent chez les colons pour chercher des bonheurs. Ils adoptent des moyens différents pour réaliser des biens chez les blancs. Les écrivains contemporains comme Calixthe Beyala, Ousmane Sembene et Ramonu Sanusi exposent les actions des jeunes Africains dans le but de les décourager de leurs actes, pour les corriger des maux et pour inculquer des attitudes positives au cours de leurs voyages. Notre romancier, Sanusi dans son roman, Un nègre a violé une blonde à Dallas, nous a montré les dispositions des parents Africains envers leurs enfants, les influences des camarades et le super naturel des Africains. Nous avons examiné l’influences des parents, des amis et de la société dans la vie quotidienne d’Ajanaku, le héros du roman de Sanusi. La conclusion nous montre la manière possible de réduire les actes néfastes des jeunes en quête de la richesse.
Est-on plus fidèle à l’héritage d’une culture en cultivant la différence-à-soi (avec soi) qui constitue l’identité ou bien s’en tenant à l’identité dans laquelle cette différence se maintient rassemblée ?
Authors: Woodward Servanne 
Published: August 2018

Est-on plus fidèle à l’héritage d’une culture en cultivant la différence-à-soi (avec soi) qui constitue l’identité ou bien s’en tenant à l’identité dans laquelle cette différence se maintient rassemblée ? Lévi-Strauss et Derrida nous aident à définir ce que pourrait être une culture et une identité. Le téléphone intéressait Derrida, mais les romanciers s’intéressent aussi ben aux moyens de communication (télévision, journal, haut-parleurs) qu’à la censure, voire l’autocensure. Les fonctions non différenciées de la parole et de l’écrit sont au service d’une écriture de soi dans un panorama historique fait de nouveaux départs—nationalistes ou d’immigration. Les fictions des origines donneraient priorité à une réflexion personnelle axée sur la démocratie contournant les censures, contre les impératifs oraux, renversant les priorités de Rousseau qui n’avait pas prévu les communications orales à distance et qui n’impliquent pas de face à face rassembleur sur la place publique.