bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mechanism of Sodium Ion Storage in Na7[H2PV14O42] Anode for Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Lin Chia‐Ching , Lin Wei‐Hsiang , Huang Shao‐Chu , Hu Chih‐Wei , Chen Tsan‐Yao , Hsu Chi‐Ting , Yang Hao , Haider Ali , Lin Zhengguo , Kortz Ulrich , Stimming Ulrich , Chen Han‐Yi 
Published: July 2018

AbstractIn this work, the authors explore the sodium salt of the 14‐vanado(V)phosphate, Na7[H2PV14O42], as a potential anode material for sodium‐ion batteries (NIBs). The multi‐electron redox activity of the polyoxovanadate [H2PV14O42]7‐leads to high capacity. This polyanion is synthesized by a simple aqueous solution procedure and isolate as a sodium salt with different numbers of crystal waters, Na7[H2PV14O42]·nH2O (n = 15–24). Na7[H2PV14O42] as anode in NIBs exhibits a high and reversible capacity of 322 mA h g−1 at 25 mA g−1 with a high cycling stability (with capacity retention of 87% after 120 cycles). Some of the V5+ ions in [H2PV14O42]7‐ can be reduced to V3+ after being discharged to 0.01 V versus Na/Na+, resulting in an average oxidation state of V3.7+, as based on ex situ X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and in situ synchrotron X‐ray absorption near edge structure studies. The crystalline material becomes amorphous during the charge/discharge processes, which can be observed by in situ synchrotron X‐ray diffraction, indicating that functionality does not require crystallinity. The authors propose that the charge storage mechanism of Na7[H2PV14O42] anodes mainly involves redox reactions of V accompanied by insertion/extraction of Na ions in‐between polyoxo‐14‐vanadate ions and adsorption/desorption of Na ions on the surface of the vanadate material.
Preparation of acrylic silicon dioxide nanoparticles as a binder for leather finishing
Authors: Mohamed Ola , Elsayed Hamed , Attia Rasha , Haroun Ahmed , El‐Sayed Nabil 
Published: July 2018

AbstractPolyacrylic resin, methyl methacrylate and 2‐ethyl hexylacrylate, was prepared via microemulsion polymerization with ratio 2:1, and then modified with silicon dioxide nanoparticles (SiO2) prepared by sol–gel process. Different ratios of these nanoparticles combined with acrylic resins were then coated on leather surface. The physical, chemical, and mechanical properties of coated leather were evaluated through various instrumental analysis as nuclear magnetic resonance, Fourier transmission infrared, dynamic light scattering, thermal gravimetric analysis, energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscope. Water vapor permeability was improved with increase in the percentage of the nanoparticles. Tensile, tear strength, and elongation percentage were increased up to 3% of SiO2 nanoparticles followed by decreasing behavior. The acrylate water‐based SiO2 nanoparticles exhibited good eco‐friendly leather finishing system.
Thermodynamic Properties of the 1D Robin Quantum Well
Authors: Olendski Oleg 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe thermodynamic properties of the Robin quantum well with extrapolation length Λ are analyzed theoretically both for the canonical and two grand canonical ensembles, with special attention being paid to the situation when the energies of one or two lowest‐lying states are split off from the rest of the spectrum by the large gap that is controlled by the varying Λ. For the single split‐off level, which exists for the geometry with the equal magnitudes but opposite signs of the Robin distances on the confining interfaces, the heat capacity of the canonical averaging is a nonmonotonic function of the temperature T with its salient maximum growing to infinity as for the decreasing to zero extrapolation length and its position being proportional to . The specific heat per particle of the Fermi–Dirac ensemble depends nonmonotonically on the temperature too, with its pronounced extremum being foregone on the T axis by the plateau, whose value at the dying Λ is , with N being the number of fermions. The maximum of , similar to the canonical averaging, unrestrictedly increases as Λ goes to zero and is largest for one particle. The most essential property of the Bose–Einstein ensemble is the formation, for a growing number of bosons, of the sharp asymmetric shape on the characteristics, which is more protrusive at the smaller Robin distances. This cusp‐like structure is a manifestation of the phase transition to the condensate state. For two split‐off orbitals, one additional maximum emerges whose position is shifted to colder temperatures with the increase of the energy gap between these two states and their higher‐lying counterparts and whose magnitude approaches a Λ‐independent value. All these physical phenomena are qualitatively and quantitatively explained by the variation of the energy spectrum by the Robin distance. Parallels with other structures are drawn and similarities and differences between them are highlighted. Generalization to higher dimensions is also provided.
Silanylidene and Germanylidene Anions: Valence‐Isoelectronic Species to the Well‐Studied Phosphinidene
Authors: Siddiqui Mujahuddin M. , Sinhababu Soumen , Dutta Sayan , Kundu Subrata , Ruth Paul Niklas , Münch Annika , Herbst‐Irmer Regine , Stalke Dietmar , Koley Debasis , Roesky Herbert W. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe reduction of TipMCl3 (Tip=2,4,6‐triisopropylphenyl) (M=Si, Ge) with KC8 in the presence of cyclic alkyl(amino) carbene (cAAC) afforded the acyclic silanylidene and germanylidene anions in the form of potassium salt [K(cAAC)MTip]2 (M=Si (1); Ge (2)). The silanylidene and germanylidene anions are valence‐isoelectronic to the well‐studied phosphinidene and are a new class of acyclic anions of Group 14. Compounds 1 and 2 were isolated and well characterized by NMR and single‐crystal X‐ray structure analysis. Furthermore, the structure and bonding of compounds 1 and 2 was investigated by computational methods.
Chemical Compositions of Walnut (Juglans regia L.) Oils from Different Cultivated Regions in China
Authors: Gao Pan , Jin Jun , Liu Ruijie , Jin Qingzhe , Wang Xingguo 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThis study is a comprehensive report on the quality of Chinese walnut oil, which enriches the research of oil resources. A total of 16 walnut samples from China were selected, and walnut oils were obtained using the pressing process. The lipid compositions and micronutrient contents were analyzed. The fatty acids corresponded to palmitic acid (3.05–8.25%), oleic acid (12.56–26.03%), linoleic acid (51.21–68.97%), and linolenic acid (6.83–15.01%), and the main triacylglycerols were trilinolein (27.87–39.47%), followed by oleoyl‐linoleoyl‐linolenoyl‐glycerol (17.07–24.18%), dilinoleoyl‐oleoyl‐glycerol (9.65–15.46%), palmitoyl‐dilinoleoyl‐glycerol (5.96–14.98%), and dilinoleoyl‐linolenoyl‐glycerol (6.42–12.43%). In addition, high amounts of micronutrients, including phytosterol, squalene, tocopherol, and total phenolic content, were found in walnut oils ranging from 540 to 1594, 17 to 131, 345 to 1280, and 1.04 to 20.39 mg kg−1 among different samples, respectively. The differences in the geographical location and climate caused different regions of cultivation, which resulted in the differences in the chemical composition of walnut oil. Further multiple linear regression analyses between oxidative stability indices, fatty‐acid compositions, and micronutrients revealed that linoleic acid (R = −0.891; P < 0.05), α‐tocopherol (R = 0.713; P < 0.05), and total phenolic content (R = 0.369; P < 0.05) were the main factors that affect the oxidative stability of the walnut oil.
Chemoenzymatic Route to Oxyfunctionalized Cembranoids Facilitated by Substrate and Protein Engineering
Authors: Le‐Huu Priska , Rekow Dominik , Krüger Claudia , Bokel Ansgar , Heidt Tanja , Schaubach Sebastian , Claasen Birgit , Hölzel Sebastian , Frey Wolfgang , Laschat Sabine , Urlacher Vlada B. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractCembranoids constitute a large family of 14‐membered oxygenated macrocyclic diterpenoids with potential as therapeutic agents. Selective late‐stage oxidations of cembranoid scaffolds remain a challenge for chemical catalysts but can be accomplished by enzymes. Here, a new chemoenzymatic route to oxyfunctionalized 14‐membered macrocycles including cembranoids is described. This route combines a metal‐catalyzed ring‐closing metathesis with a subsequent P450 BM3‐catalyzed hydroxylation and delivers cembranoid‐like analogues. Systematic substrate probing with a set of synthetic 14‐membered macrocycles revealed that the regioselectivity of a P450 BM3‐based biocatalyst increased with increasing ring rigidity as well as size and polarity of the exocyclic substituents. Enzyme regioselectivity could further be improved by first‐sphere active site mutagenesis. The V78A/F87A variant catalyzed hydroxylation of cembranoid‐ol (9S/R)‐3 d with 90 % regioselectivity for C5 position. Extensive NMR analysis of Mosher esters and single crystal X‐ray structure determination revealed a remarkable diastereoselectivity of this P450 BM3 mutant depending on substrate stereochemistry, which led exclusively to the syn‐cembranoid‐diols (5S,9S)‐4 and (5R,9R)‐4.
Fluoropolymer‐Coated PDMS Microfluidic Devices for Application in Organic Synthesis
Authors: Yang Tianjin , Choo Jaebum , Stavrakis Stavros , de Mello Andrew 
Published: July 2018

AbstractIn recent years there has been huge interest in the development of microfluidic reactors for the synthesis of small molecules and nanomaterials. Such reaction platforms represent a powerful and versatile alternative to traditional formats since they allow for the precise, controlled, and flexible management of reactive processes. To date, the majority of microfluidic reactors used in small‐molecule synthesis have been manufactured using conventional lithographic techniques from materials such as glasses, ceramics, stainless steel, and silicon. Surprisingly, the fabrication of microfluidic devices from such rigid materials remains ill‐defined, complex, and expensive. Accordingly, the microfluidic toolkit for chemical synthesis would significantly benefit from the development of solvent‐resistant microfluidic devices that can be manufactured using soft‐lithographic prototyping methods. Whilst significant advances in the development of solvent‐resistant polymers have been made, only modest steps have been taken towards simplifying their use as microfluidic reactors. Herein, we emphasize the benefits of using a commercially available, amorphous perfluorinated polymer, CYTOP, as a coating with which to transform PDMS into a chemically inert material for use in organic synthesis applications. Its efficacy is demonstrated through the subsequent performance of photooxidation reactions and reactions under extremely acidic or basic conditions.
Der Alchemisten‐Akkumulator – Silber als Anodenmaterial in Legierungsakkumulatoren
Authors: Klaus Maximilian , Oetken Marco 
Published: July 2018

AbstractIn vorangegangenen Beiträgen konnten die Autoren sehr leistungsfähige Lithium‐Ionen‐Akkumulatoren präsentieren, bei denen verschiedene Metalle als legierungsfähige Anodenmaterialien verwendet wurden [1–4]. Die Publikationen greifen somit eine der vielversprechendsten Strategien der Post‐Lithium‐Ionen‐Technologie auf und transportieren sie, unterstützt von anschaulichen Experimenten, mit einfachsten Mitteln in den Unterrichts‐ und Lehrbetrieb an Schule und Hochschule.
Synthesis of a Series of Structurally Diverse MB327 Derivatives and Their Affinity Characterization at the Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor
Authors: Rappenglück Sebastian , Sichler Sonja , Höfner Georg , Wein Thomas , Niessen Karin V. , Seeger Thomas , Paintner Franz F. , Worek Franz , Thiermann Horst , Wanner Klaus T. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractA novel series of 30 symmetric bispyridinium and related N‐heteroaromatic bisquaternary salts with a propane‐1,3‐diyl linker was synthesized and characterized for their binding affinity at the MB327 binding site of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) from Torpedo californica. Compounds targeting this binding site are of particular interest for research into new antidotes against organophosphate poisoning, as therapeutically active 4‐tert‐butyl‐substituted bispyridinium salt MB327 was previously identified as a nAChR re‐sensitizer. Efficient access to the target compounds was provided by newly developed methods enabling N‐alkylation of sterically hindered or electronically deactivated heterocycles exhibiting a wide variety of functional groups. Determination of binding affinities toward the MB327 binding site at the nAChR, using a recently developed mass spectrometry (MS)‐based Binding Assay, revealed that several compounds reached affinities similar to that of MB327 (pKi=4.73±0.03). Notably, the newly prepared lipophilic 4‐tert‐butyl‐3‐phenyl‐substituted bispyridinium salt PTM0022 (3 h) was found to have significantly higher binding affinity, with a pKi value of 5.16±0.07, thus representing considerable progress toward the development of more potent nAChR re‐sensitizers.
Cancer patterns in Hmong in Minnesota, 2000 to 2012
Authors: Oyenuga Mosunmoluwa , Yang John K. , Prizment Anna E. , Bushhouse Sally , Demerath Ellen W. , Spector Logan G. 
Published: July 2018

BACKGROUNDMinnesota has the second largest Hmong population in the United States. The objective of the current study was to estimate the cancer incidence among Hmong individuals in Minnesota between 2000 and 2012 to determine targets for screening and interventions.METHODSCancer cases in Minnesota between 2000 and 2012 were obtained from the Minnesota Cancer Surveillance System, and proportional incidence ratios (PIRs) were calculated. The 2000 and 2010 US Census reports were used to obtain total population estimates. Age‐adjusted cancer incidence rates (AAR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated for Hmong individuals, Asian/Pacific Islander individuals, and all Minnesotans using direct method and Poisson regression.RESULTSCompared with all Minnesotans, the Hmong had elevated PIRs and AARs for malignancies related to infections, including nasopharyngeal, stomach, liver, and cervical cancers. The AAR ratios in Hmong versus all Minnesotans were found to be significantly increased for nasopharyngeal (AAR, 15.90; 95% CI, 9.48‐26.68), stomach (AAR, 2.99; 95% CI, 2.06‐4.33), liver (AAR, 1.77; 95% CI, 1.04‐3.02), and cervical (AAR, 3.88; 95% CI, 2.61‐5.77) cancers. The AARs in Hmong versus all Minnesotans were significantly lower for all‐cause cancer (AAR, 0.39; 95% CI, 0.35‐0.44); cancers of the breast, lung, and colorectum; melanoma; and non‐Hodgkin lymphoma. Compared with Asian/Pacific Islander individuals, the rates in Hmong were significantly higher for melanoma and cervical cancer, with AAR ratios of 2.23 (95% CI, 1.09‐4.56) and 1.59 (95% CI, 1.01‐2.49), respectively.CONCLUSIONSCompared with all Minnesotans, the Hmong have an increased incidence of cancers related to infectious agents. These findings indicate a need for cancer prevention and screening programs in this population.
Sunning themselves in heaps, knots, and snarls: The extraordinary abundance and demography of island watersnakes
Authors: King Richard B. , Stanford Kristin M. , Jones Peter C. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractSnakes represent a sizable fraction of vertebrate biodiversity, but until recently, data on their demography have been sparse. Consequently, generalizations regarding patterns of variation are weak and the potential for population projections is limited. We address this information gap through an analysis of spatial and temporal variation in demography (population size, annual survival, and realized population growth) of the Lake Erie Watersnake,Nerodia sipedon insularum, and a review of snake survival more generally. Our study spans a period during which the Lake Erie Watersnake was listed as threatened under the U.S. Endangered Species Act, recovered, and was delisted. We collected capture–mark–recapture data at 14 study sites over 20 years, accruing 20,000 captures of 13,800 individually marked adults. Lake Erie Watersnakes achieve extraordinary abundance, averaging 520 adults per km of shoreline (ca. 260 adult per ha) at our study sites (range = 160–1,600 adults per km; ca. 80–800 adults per ha) and surpassing population recovery and postdelisting monitoring criteria. Annual survival averages 0.68 among adult females and 0.76 among adult males, varies among sites, and is positively correlated with body size among study sites. Temporal process variance in annual survival is low, averaging 0.0011 or less than 4% of total variance; thus, stochasticity in annual survival may be of minor significance to snake extinction risk. Estimates of realized population growth indicate that population size has been stable or increasing over the course of our study. More generally, snake annual survival overlaps broadly across continents, climate zones, families, subfamilies, reproductive modes, body size categories, maturation categories, and parity categories. Differences in survival in relation to size, parity, and maturation are in the directions predicted by life history theory but are of small magnitude with much variation around median values. Overall, annual survival appears to be quite plastic, varying with food availability, habitat quality, and other ecological variables.
Immobilization of an Aminobisphosphine–PdII Complex Over Graphene Oxide: an Efficient and Reusable Catalyst for Suzuki–Miyaura, Ullmann Coupling and Cyanation Reactions
Authors: Sengupta Debasish , Pandey Madhusudan K. , Mondal Dipanjan , Radhakrishna Latchupatula , Balakrishna Maravanji S. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue is the group of MaravanjiàS. Balakrishna from the Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India. The cover image shows a homogeneous catalyst on a heterogeneous surface used for organic transformations.
Comparison between radiofrequency ablation and chemical neurolysis of thoracic splanchnic nerves for the management of abdominal cancer pain, randomized trial
Authors: Amr S.A. , Reyad R.M. , Othman A.H. , Mohamad M.F. , Mostafa M.M. , Alieldin N.H. , Hamed F.A. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractBackgroundRadiofrequency ablation (RFA) of the splanchnic nerves has been reported as a predictable and safe technique for abdominal pain management. We compare between RFA and chemical neurolysis of bilateral thoracic splanchnic nerves in the management of refractory cancer pain.MethodsThe study was conducted on 60 patients aged ≥18 years who suffered from abdominal pain (visceral pain, VAS ≥4) due to upper abdominal cancers. Participants were randomized into two groups. Group I (RF): 30 participants received a bilateral splanchnic nerve block at T10 and T11 levels using RFA. Group II (alcohol): 30 participants received a bilateral splanchnic nerve block at T11 using alcohol. Pain relief was assessed using VAS (0–10) and total daily oral opioid consumption (primary outcome).ResultsSignificant reductions of VAS and global perceived effect satisfaction scores (GPES) were observed in both groups compared to baseline levels (p < 0.001); Group I had the largest reduction. MST consumption and QOL scores improved significantly in both groups (p < 0.001). Oral opioid consumption started to reduce at the end of the first post‐interventional week for Group I, 0.00 (0–45 mg), and at the end of the second post‐interventional week for Group II, 20.00 (0–135 mg). No major complications were recorded in either group.ConclusionSimultaneous bilateral pain block of splanchnic nerves at the levels of T10 and T11 using RFA is more effective than using alcohol at a single level of T11 in cancer patients presenting with upper abdominal pain. The RFA intervention acted faster, provided longer duration analgesia, worked in a higher proportion of patients and had a better safety profile than the alcohol intervention.SignificanceRadiofrequency ablation of the splanchnic nerves is safe and effective for relieving upper abdominal cancer pain.
Impact of transportation, storage, and retail shelf conditions on lettuce quality and phytonutrients losses in the supply chain
Authors: Managa Millicent G. , Tinyani Peter P. , Senyolo Grany M. , Soundy Puffy , Sultanbawa Yasmina , Sivakumar Dharini 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThis study was initiated to investigate the impact of transportation, storage, and retail shelf conditions on lettuce quality and phytonutrients losses in the urban fresh produce market supply chain. Reducing postharvest losses is a priority to reduce the loss of the dietary‐based phytonutrients and to improve the health of the consumers. Limited information is available in South Africa related to the postharvest and nutrition loss in the urban fresh produce market supply chain. In this study, we quantified the postharvest losses, changes in phytochemicals, and loss of minerals in lettuce at different points of Tshwane Fresh Produce Market supply chain. Lettuce supply to the Tshwane Fresh Produce Market from two different provinces, Gauteng and North West, were included in this study for comparison. Lettuce from the two provinces was collected from five different farms. The loss of fresh weight, changes in visual quality, phytonutrition properties, and economic loss of lettuce at the supply chain points: (a) transport; (b) storage; (c) and at the retail shelf was investigated. Five boxes of lettuce per supply chain point from Gauteng and North West provinces were randomly selected. The results indicated that the high temperature (25°C) and low RH (40%) at the retail shelf affected the weight, overall quality, and phytonutrition properties of lettuce. Cumulative economic loss was higher at the retail shelf due to the inferior quality of lettuce. The study identified where major quality and phytonutrition losses occur during marketing. The study demonstrated to identify the where major food and nutritional loss losses occur during marketing. This information will significantly benefit food sustainability by introducing technologies to manage food and nutrition losses.
GSH/GSSG redox couple plays central role in aryl hydrocarbon receptor‐dependent modulation of cytochrome P450 1A1
Authors: Omidi Mahmoud , Ghafarian‐Bahraman Ali , Mohammadi‐Bardbori Afshin 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe redox regulation of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) target genes such as the best characterized, cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1) has not been known. Therefore the aim of this study was to explore how cellular redox state can influence on AHR‐dependent modulation of CYP1A1 transcription and enzyme activities. Male BALB/c albino mice, HepG2 cells, and human hepatoma cell line (HepG2‐XRE‐Luc) carrying CYP1A1 response elements were exposed to suggested endogenous ligand of AHR,6‐formylindolo[3,2‐b] carbazole (FICZ) alone or in combination with, buthionine‐(S,R)‐sulfoximine (BSO) or N‐acetyl‐l‐cysteine (NAC). A clear link between CYP1A1 transcription and enzyme activity and changes in the glutathione/oxidised glutathione (GSH/GSSG) redox couple was shown. In vivo and in vitro findings demonstrated that the time course of AHR activation/inhibition is characterized by an increase/decrease in the GSH/GSSG ratio. Based on these findings, we propose that many environmental pollutants and oxidants by alteration in the intracellular redox potential may interfere with the normal function of AHR target genes.