bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Are Caregivers Who Respond to the Child HCAHPS Survey Reflective of All Hospitalized Pediatric Patients?
Authors: Lee Brian , Hollenbeck-Pringle Danielle , Goldman Victoria , Biondi Eric , Alverson Brian 
Published: March 2019

OBJECTIVES:The Child Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (C-HCAHPS) survey was developed to measure satisfaction levels of pediatric inpatients’ caregivers. Studies in adults have revealed that certain demographic groups (people of color or who are multiracial and people with public insurance) respond to surveys at decreased rates, contributing to nonresponse bias. Our primary goal was to determine if results from the C-HCAHPS survey accurately reflect the intended population or reveal evidence of nonresponse bias. Our secondary goal was to examine whether demographic or clinical factors were associated with increased satisfaction levels.METHODS:This was a retrospective cohort study of responses (n = 421) to the C-HCAHPS survey of patients admitted to a tertiary-care pediatric hospital between March 2016 and March 2017. Respondent demographic information was compared with that of all hospital admissions over the same time frame. Satisfaction was defined as “top-box” scores for questions on overall rating and willingness to recommend the hospital.RESULTS:Caregivers returning surveys were more likely to be white, non-Hispanic, and privately insured (P &lt; .001). Caregivers with the shortest emergency department wait times were more likely to assign top-box scores for global rating (P = .025). We found no differences in satisfaction between race and/or ethnicity, length of stay, insurance payer, or total cost.CONCLUSIONS:Caregivers who identified with underrepresented minority groups and those without private insurance were less likely to return surveys. Among the surveys received, short emergency department wait time and older age were the only factors measured that were associated with higher satisfaction. Efforts to increase patient satisfaction on the basis of satisfaction scores may exacerbate existing disparities in health care.
Change Theory Contributes to Choosing Wisely for Immune Thrombocytopenia
Authors: Schefft Matthew , Gowda Madhu , Massey Gita 
Published: March 2019

OBJECTIVES:
Despite 2011 guidelines in which it is suggested that treatment of acute immune thrombocytopenia purpura (aITP) is not needed for patients without significant bleeding, only 14% of children treated for aITP have bleeding symptoms. Our aim was to decrease the percentage of children with first-episode aITP who were unnecessarily treated by 50% within 12 months of guideline implementation.

METHODS:
An intervention was designed by using the precaution-adoption-process model. A standard-of-practice meeting was organized and focused on clinician readiness for change. After education on current evidence and common cognitive errors, consensus clinical guidelines were created. After implementation, an article in a statewide professional newsletter was published to educate community providers. Unnecessary treatment (UT) was defined as treatment of any patient who only had bruising and/or self-resolving nose bleeds. Statistical process control charts were used to track progress, midline shifts were determined by Nelson’s rules, and hospital costs were derived from administrative billing data.

RESULTS:
One hundred children with aITP were seen from January 2013 to September 2018. UT decreased from 70% to a sustained rate of &lt;30% (P = .008), including a mean of 7% over the past 12 months. The admission rate decreased from 100% to 52% (P = .013), and the total percentage of patients treated decreased from 100% to 48% (P = .016), with both numbers continuing to decline. No adverse bleeding events occurred. An estimated 12 admissions, 4 readmissions, and 5 adverse events were avoided annually.

CONCLUSIONS:
We demonstrated successful improvement in UT of aITP through an educational intervention informed by the precaution-adoption-process model change theory.
The Influence of Specialized Physical Education Program for Students with Health Issues
Authors: Thuc Dao Chanh 
Published: March 2019

This study, the aim is to improve the School's Physical education process through the application of the Physical education program to students with health problems for a year. Its Influence is followed through changes, arising in heart rate after performing a therapeutic complex with kinesi. It is applied at the beginning and end (Tests I and II) of the study is carried out and consists of 32 exercises, divided into three parts: Prepare with general exercises, Main sections with a combination of lessons from different physical education subjects, coordinating with key groups established with students and the final section.
We examined the pulse rate as a reliable indicator for the level of motor suitability of a certain individual, as well as for the absence of training effect of the systematic activities with the program “Physical education for Students with Health Issues”.
The kinesiotherapy complex is accurately dosage and conducted, which is indicative from the raising of the physiological curve; it can be performed by all students, regardless of their disease and it may be used for entry or exit testing (Bozhkova A, et al. 2017).
The training of students in specialized programs has positively affected them in the following directions:
- Achievements are changes in position function in the operation of the cardiovascular system of students, expressed by heart rate;
- Increasing is the vitality that stimulates the recovery process, normalizes the reaction to increase the tolerance of the organism;
- Improving circulation of separate agencies and systems;
- Increase the physical ability of the whole organism;
- Adjust the emotional state: provide energy, soothe, relax and relieve stress.
Pengaruh Hidrolisis Fukoidan terhadap Aktivitasnya sebagai Antioksidan
Authors: Sinurat Ellya , Maulida Nurun Nisa 
Published: March 2019

Fukoidan merupakan jenis heteropolisakarida yang terdiri dari fukosa dan gugus ester sulfat sebagai penyusun utamanya. Salah satu sumber fukoidan adalah rumput laut cokelat. Telah dilakukan isolasi fukoidan dari rumput laut cokelat Sargassum crassifolium yang diperoleh dari Lampung Selatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh hidrolisis fukoidan terhadap aktivitasnya sebagai antioksidan. Ekstraksi fukoidan menggunakan HCl 0,1 N. Selanjutnya proses optimasi hidrolisis fukoidan menggunakan TFA 1,5 M dengan variasi waktu 30, 60, 90 dan 120 menit pada suhu 121 oC. Untuk mengetahui karakteristik gugus fungsi crude fukoidan dan fukoidan hasil hidrolisis dilakukan dengan menggunakan Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer (FT-IR). Selanjutnya dilakukan karakterisasi fukoidan yang meliputi uji total polisakarida dan uji kadar sulfat. Uji antioksidan fukoidan dilakukan dengan metode 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate (DPPH). Diperoleh rendemen fukoidan sebesar 23,82% dari berat rumput laut kering, total polisakarida dari crude fukoidan sebesar 50,69% dan kadar sulfatnya sebesar 19,44%. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh waktu optimum hidrolisis fukoidan yaitu selama 90 menit dengan total polisakarida dan kandungan sulfatnya masing-masing 43,56% dan 13,09%. Diperoleh nilai IC50 crude fucoidan lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan semua hasil hidrolisis fukoidan.
A Pilot Study Investigating Research Design Feasibility Using Pre-post Measures to Test the Effect of Music Therapy in Psychiatry with People Diagnosed with Personality Disorders
Authors: Hannibal Niels , Nygaard Pedersen Inge , Bonde Lars Ole , Bertelsen Lars Rye 
Published: March 2019

Introduction: The objectives of the pilot study were (a) to investigate the feasibility of the research design (referral procedure, data collection procedure, measurement tools, and treatment doses/frequency); (b) to develop and evaluate the PROMT treatment manual; and (c) to test the use of flexible and or multiple interventions as part of the treatment options. Findings from this investigation aim to prepare for a future outcome study of music therapy treatments for patients with personality disorders, that are inspired by analytically oriented music psychotherapy and mentalization-based treatment.
Methods: Four participants assessed and diagnosed with personality disorder received 40 sessions of individual music therapy. Pre and post measures of outcome variables looking at attachment style, helping alliance, symptom severity, interpersonal problems, and quality of life were evaluated for inclusion in the design. Interviews with clinicians were used to further evaluate the manual.
Results: All participants completed treatment. Outcome measurement provided usable information and also showed some positive changes in the four cases. The research design was found to be usable for a larger study. The treatment manual was evaluated as usable, but specification on how to use mentalization-based treatment in music-based interventions is required in a future manual.
Discussion: In light of the current findings, we discuss several factors relevant to a possible future outcome study, including the research design, theoretical model, and specific elements of the treatment manual. We also discuss the potential of using flexible and/or multiple interventions as part of the treatment options. We conclude that integration of mentalization-based treatment into music therapy seems promising, but further development of the treatment manual is needed.
producción de maíz en Sinaloa, México, y sus implicaciones para el medio ambiente/ The Production of Corn in Sinaloa, Mexico and its Implications for the Environment
Authors: Cruz Delgado Daniela , Leos Rodríguez Juan Antonio 
Published: March 2019

La sustitución de cultivos acarrea problemas de contaminación al ambiente, principalmente al suelo y agua. El objetivo de este artículo es analizar la evolución de la producción de maíz blanco en Sinaloa y sus implicaciones para el ambiente, derivadas de la sustitución de cultivos. La metodología empleada es el cálculo del número índice de crecimiento de la producción y la superficie sembrada de maíz, por grupos de cultivos y los cinco cultivos básicos en Sinaloa. El periodo analizado, de 1980 a 2016. Sinaloa se ha convertido en el principal productor de maíz blanco en las últimas décadas; su cultivo es intensivo en agroquímicos, lo que puede ocasionar problemas de contaminación al suelo y agua. La superficie sembrada se incrementó 287 % de 1980 a 2016, especialmente en áreas irrigadas. Cereales y hortalizas son los grupos que más crecieron y representan el 72,9 % del valor de la producción. Los procesos productivos involucran costos ambientales como los resultantes de la aplicación de fertilizantes y plaguicidas, que sin un adecuado control deterioran el suelo, contaminan los mantos freáticos, la flora, la fauna y la salud humana.
Abstract
The substitution of crops leads to problems of contamination to the environment, mainly to soil and water. The objective of this article is to analyze the evolution of the production of white corn in Sinaloa and its implications on the environment, derived from the substitution of crops. The methodology used is the calculation of the index number of growth of the production and the area planted with corn, by crop groups and the five basic crops in Sinaloa. The period analyzed is 1980 to 2016. Sinaloa has become the main producer of white corn in recent decades; its cultivation is intensive in agrochemicals, which can cause pollution problems to soil and water. The planted area increased 287 % from 1980 to 2016, especially in irrigated areas. Cereals and vegetables are the groups that grew the most and represent 72,9 % of the value of production. The productive processes involve environmental costs such as those resulting from the application of fertilizers and pesticides, which, without adequate control, deteriorate the soil, pollute groundwater, flora, fauna and human health.
La technique du collage : une stratégie esthétique et un procédé littéraire dans “Terrasse à Rome“ de Pascal Quignard
Authors: BEKHEDIDJA Nabila 
Published: March 2019

RÉSUMÉ. Pascal Quignard crée une structure en morceaux dans Terrasse à Rome, avec l’utilisation d’un procédé proche des arts plastiques : le collage. Le collage désigne le fait d’introduire dans une œuvre des fragments qui ne lui appartiennent pas (extraits de textes littéraires, écriture en italique, écriture étrangères, inventaire, versets bibliques, etc.).Une approche immanente mettra en exergue une structure romanesque éclatée dans laquelle se présente une diffraction narrative et textuelle .L’objectif de cette étude est d’expliquer le rôle de la technique du collage dans la création d’un effet hybride et hétéroclite qui exige la participation du lecteur pour rassembler les éléments éparpillés de l’histoire racontée. Mots-clés : collage -hétéroclite - hybride-lecteur-reconstitution.ABSTRACT. Pascal Quignard creates a structure in pieces in Terrasse à Rome, using a process close to the plastic arts: collage. Collage refers to the introduction into a work of fragments that do not belong to it (excerpts from literary texts, italic writing, foreign writing, inventory, biblical verses, etc. ) An immanent approach will highlight a fragmented novel structure in which there is a narrative and textual diffraction. The objective of this study is to explain the role of the collage technique in creating a hybrid and heterogeneous effect that requires the reader's participation to bring together the scattered elements of the story being told. Keywords: collage - heteroclite - hybrid - reader-reconstitution.
Research and development of 2-ethyl-6-methyl-3-oxypyridine succinate nano-form for the treatment of epilepsy
Authors: Avakyan G. G. , Voronina T. A. , Nerobkova L. N. , Avakyan G. N. 
Published: March 2019

The aimis to develop an antiepileptic drug based on polymer nanoparticles with 2-ethyl-6-methyl-3-oxypyridine succinate to facilitate the drug transport through the blood-brain barrier.Materials and methods.The nano-drug was created using the biologically active substance 2-ethyl-6-methyl-3-hydroxypyridine succinate and polybutyl cyanoacrylate (PBCA) nanoparticles. The advantages of this nano-form over the active ingredient of the same drug were studied using experimental models: the maximum electroshock test (MES), the antagonism test with corazol, models with a cobaltinduced epileptic focus and secondary generalized convulsions, and models of status epilepticus.Results.The antiseizure effects of the nanoform on the experimental models of epilepsy are identified.Conclusion.The nano-drug reduces the number of secondary generalized clonic-tonic seizures by 7.8 times; it also reduces 10-fold the animal mortality and diminishes the seizure manifestations that occur in the interictal period of the epileptic status.
Investigation on the effect of endurance training on blood circulating levels of Mir-146a and plasma levels of il-6 in sedentary elderly women
Authors: فلاح فاطمه , رحمانی نیا فرهاد , حجتی ذی دشتی زهرا , شعبانی رامین 
Published: February 2019

مقدمه: پدیده سالمندی با التهاب سیستمیک در ارتباط است. miR-146a تنظیم‌کننده منفی حیاتی برای التهاب است و نشان داده شده که سطوح آن با افزایش سن کاهش می یابد. هدف از پژوهش حاضر بررسی تاثیر پیاده‌روی سریع منظم بر سطوح در گردش خون miR-146a و سطوح پلاسمایی اینترلوکین ۶ در زنان سالمند غیرفعال بود.
روش بررسی: در این پژوهش نیمه‌تجربی، ۲۰ زن سالمند (۹/۳±۵/ ۶۳ سال) به طور تصادفی در دو گروه تمرین استقامتی (۱۰ نفر) و شاهد (۱۰ نفر) قرار گرفتند. گروه تمرین سه روز در هفته به مدت دوازده هفته با شدت ۷۵-۷۰ ٪ حداکثر ذخیره ضربان قلب، پیاده‌روی کرد. گروه کنترل در طول دوره مطالعه بدون تمرین باقی ماند. نمونه های خونی قبل و ۷۲ ساعت پس از ۱۲ هفته تمرین، جهت اندازه گیری miR-146a و IL-6 جمع‌آوری شد. پس از تجزیه‌و تحلیل داده ها بر اساس نرمال‌ بودن از آزمون تی‌مستقل، تی‌وابسته، یومن‌ویتنی و ویلکاکسون استفاده شد. بررسی های آماری با استفاده از نرم‌افزارv 16 SPSS انجام گرفت و سطح معنی داری 05/0P≤ در نظر گرفته شد.
نتایج: نتایج نشان داد که در پاسخ به برنامه تمرین استقامتی سطوح miR-146a افزایش 027/0p=) و سطوح IL-6 به طور معنی داری کاهش (۰0۱/۰p=)یافت و این تغییرات با کاهش در شاخص توده بدن (BMI) همراه بود(002/0p=).
نتیجه‌گیری: با توجه به نتایج پژوهش حاضر، پیاده روی سریع می تواند به عنوان یک شکل تمرین موثر در جهت کمک به کاهش عوامل التهابی خون، مورد ملاحظه قرار بگیرد. یافته‌ها هم چنین پیشنهاد می کند miRNA ها، می توانند در پاسخ به پیاده‌روی منظم، در افراد سالمند، بهبود یابند.
Investigate the effect of metformin on some of the behavioral indicators in ovariectomized middle aged mice
Authors: ذاکری مریم , فاطمی ایمان , ذاکری محمدعلی , توکلی محمدالله 
Published: February 2019

مقدمه: پیری فرآیندی اجتناب‌ ناپذیر است که باعث افزایش احتمال بیماری و مرگ افراد می‌شود. یائسگی به ‌عنوان بخشی از فرآیند پیری رخ می‌دهد. در این مطالعه اثر متفورمین بر میزان قدرت عضلانی، اضطراب و حافظه در موش‌های سوری ماده اوارکتومی شده بررسی شد.
روش بررسی: در این مطالعه تجربی از 96 سر موش سوری ماده 6 ماهه در محدوده وزنی20 تا 25 گرم استفاده شد. حیوانات به‌طور تصادفی به 6 گروه 16 تایی شامل گروه شم، اوارکتومی شده، اوارکتومی شده درمان با دوز 10 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم متفورمین، اوارکتومی شده درمان با دوز 1 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم متفورمین، گروه متفورمین درمان با دوز 10 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم متفورمین و گروه سالم تقسیم شدند. نخست حیوانات اوارکتومی شدند و سپس به مدت شش ماه با دوزهای 1و10 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم متفورمین درمان شدند. سپس قدرت عضلانی، حافظه و میزان اضطراب در گروه‌های موردمطالعه بررسی شد. آنالیز آماری توسط نرم افزار 16 SPSS V انجام و تفاوت بین گروه‌ها توسط آزمون واریانس یک‌طرفه تحلیل شد.
نتایج: نتایج مطالعه ما نشان داد که متفورمین با دوزهای 1و10 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم در مقایسه با گروه اوارکتومی میزان اضطراب حیوان را به‌طور معنی‌داری کاهش داد (به ترتیب 0024/0p = و 0295/0p = ) و باعث افزایش حافظه شد (به ترتیب 0044/0 p =) و 0004/0 p =) و دوز 10 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم باعث بهبود قدرت عضلانی شد (0148/0p = ).
نتیجه‌گیری: متفورمین دارای اثرات مفیدی بر روی اختلالات رفتاری ناشی از پیری و اوارکتومی می‌باشد.
Efficient History Matching Using the Markov-Chain Monte Carlo Method by Means of the Transformed Adaptive Stochastic Collocation Method
Authors: Liao Qinzhuo , Zeng Lingzao , Chang Haibin , Zhang Dongxiao 
Published: February 2019

Summary
Bayesian inference provides a convenient framework for history matching and prediction. In this framework, prior knowledge, system nonlinearity, and measurement errors can be directly incorporated into the posterior distribution of the parameters. The Markov-chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method is a powerful tool to generate samples from the posterior distribution. However, the MCMC method usually requires a large number of forward simulations. Hence, it can be a computationally intensive task, particularly when dealing with large-scale flow and transport models.
To address this issue, we construct a surrogate system for the model outputs in the form of polynomials using the stochastic collocation method (SCM). In addition, we use interpolation with the nested sparse grids and adaptively take into account the different importance of parameters for high-dimensional problems. Furthermore, we introduce an additional transform process to improve the accuracy of the surrogate model in case of strong nonlinearities, such as a discontinuous or unsmooth relation between the input parameters and the output responses. Once the surrogate system is built, we can evaluate the likelihood with little computational cost. Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed method can efficiently estimate the posterior statistics of input parameters and provide accurate results for history matching and prediction of the observed data with a moderate number of parameters.
Approach to robust multi-objective optimization and probabilistic analysis: the ROPAR algorithm
Authors: Marquez-Calvo Oscar O. , Solomatine Dimitri P. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThis paper considers the problem of robust optimization, and presents the technique called Robust Optimization and Probabilistic Analysis of Robustness (ROPAR). It has been developed for finding robust optimum solutions of a particular class in model-based multi-objective optimization (MOO) problems (i.e. when the objective function is not known analytically), where some of the parameters or inputs to this model are assumed to be uncertain. A Monte Carlo simulation framework is used. It can be straightforwardly implemented in a distributed computing environment which allows the results to be obtained relatively fast. The technique is exemplified in the two case studies: (a) a benchmark problem commonly used to test MOO algorithms (a version of the ZDT1 function); and (b) a design problem of a simple storm drainage system, where the uncertainty is associated with design rainfall events. It is shown that the design found by ROPAR can adequately cope with these uncertainties. The approach can be useful for assisting in a wide range of risk-based decisions.
Influence of container cleanliness, container disinfection with chlorine, and container handling on recontamination of water collected from a water kiosk in a Kenyan slum
Authors: Meierhofer Regula , Wietlisbach Basil , Matiko Carol 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
The study assessed whether using clean containers that had been disinfected with chlorine at a water kiosk in the Kangemi slum in Nairobi reduced recontamination of treated water during drinking transport and storage. At the same time, the impacts of container handling and hygiene conditions at the household level on water quality changes during storage were evaluated. Data were collected during interviews with 135 households using either new, clean Maji Safi containers (MSCs) that had been disinfected with chlorine or normal uncleaned jerrycans (NJCs). Bacteriological water quality and free chlorine levels in both types of containers were measured after container filling at the kiosk and in the same containers after 24 h storage in households. The use of MSCs significantly reduced the risk of recontaminating the treated water. After water filling at the kiosk, none of the MSCs contained Escherichia coli bacteria, and 2.8% were contaminated after 24 h storage. In contrast, 6.2% of NJCs were contaminated after filling, and 15.2% after 24 h storage. Multivariate logistic regression indicated that the use of a clean water container and sufficient chlorine and the frequency of cleaning the container in the household mitigated recontamination. We suggest further investigation of water container designs that facilitate cleaning.
Women, irrigation and social norms in Egypt: ‘The more things change, the more they stay the same?’
Authors: Najjar Dina , Baruah Bipasha , El Garhi Aman 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
This paper explores how women and men participate in irrigation activities in Egypt, drawing from a survey administered to 200 men and 202 women and qualitative information from 150 interviews. Women participated in irrigation activities in 78% of the 402 households surveyed, suggesting that women are far more actively engaged in irrigation efforts in Egypt, and possibly in the wider MENA region, than is generally assumed. The diffusion of certain irrigation technologies such as drip, sprinkler and tatweer in recent years has made irrigation more socially acceptable for women to perform although some women had also been irrigating land long before these technologies became available. We identify land ownership, educational attainment, institutional support from government, donors and NGOs, and access to training in irrigational technologies as factors that enable women to optimally undertake irrigation. These factors enabled women to participate meaningfully in public institutions related to irrigation, such as water user associations (WUAs). Finally, we discovered that desire and ability to participate in WUAs declined dramatically for both women and men when institutional support was withdrawn or eroded. Thus, the paper concludes that we must look at a variety of social categories and relationships to understand women's involvement in irrigation and to identify ways to strengthen it.