bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Two pH Responsive Color Changing Bio‐Based Films Containing Wasted Fruit Pomace as a Source of Colorants
Authors: Kurek Mia , Hlupić Lucija , Ščetar Mario , Bosiljkov Tomislav , Galić Kata 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe main objective of this work is to develop and characterize novel bio‐based sensor as intelligent food packaging film to monitor quality changes in fresh chicken meat. Chitosan (CS) and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) were used as polymer matrices for immobilization of pH sensitive color indicators. Generally considered as a food waste, blueberry (BP) and red grape skin pomace (RP) extracts were used as indicators at total phenolic content (TPC) of 0.06, 0.13, and 0.25 w/v for BP, and 0.006, 0.012, and 0.02 w/v for RP‐based films. Color, mechanical, and intelligent material properties were determined. CS films were more elastic than CMC, while no significant changes in mechanical properties occurred after the addition of both extracts at all concentrations. Notable and eye recognizable color changes in dry films were seen. It was the most significant in the pH range from 4 to 7. For CMC‐based films, color changed from violet to pink for BP extracts and from red to pink for RP extracts. For CS films, the changes were less significant. The color taint and intensity changed toward green in blueberry‐based films and to orange in grape seed extract‐based films. Significant color changes were observed after 46 hr in application tests on fresh chicken meat. This was correlated to pH changes of meat above 6 that was one of the parameters considered as an indication of spoilage.Practical ApplicationThis work provides interesting data to food industry. It offers an idea and possibility of managing food waste from fruits and vegetables industry that makes problems and costs when needed to be disposed in a proper manner. Moreover, there is the possibility of producing novel kind of food packaging materials that could be used in order to check the end of food shelf‐life in an inexpensive and natural way. Additional value lies in the fact that materials and procedures could be considered as sustainable.
Prolonged Insecticidal Activity of Clove oil‐Loaded Halloysite Nanotubes on Plodia interpunctella Infestation and Application in Industrial‐Scale Food Packaging
Authors: Kim Jungheon , Yoon Chan Suk , Na Ja Hyun , Han Jaejoon 
Published: August 2019

AbstractPrevious study reported the development of insect‐proof halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) and food packaging; however, the duration of their insecticidal properties remains unclear. Here, we aimed to (1) demonstrate the duration of repellency of clove bud oil (CO) encapsulated by HNTs for more than 30 days, and (2) manufacture insect‐proof film containing HNTs for commercial use. Also, the release behavior of CO from insect‐resistant HNTs was evaluated and HNTs were applied to food packaging composed of polypropylene and low‐density polyethylene films to prevent Plodia interpunctella (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) larva infestation. CO, a natural insecticide, was embedded with HNTs and polyethyleneimine (PEI) via vacuum pulling process to cause a slow and gradual release of CO. The sustained release profile of CO from CO‐containing HNTs with a PEI coating [(HNTs/CO/layer‐by‐layer (LBL)] was verified by gas chromatography analysis. The repellent activity of HNTs/CO/LBL was observed for up to 46 days, whereas CO film and HNTs/CO film exhibited no insecticidal activities during the test period. After 30‐day exposure, the HNTs/CO/LBL film exhibited a 7‐day extension in the penetration test. To evaluate the insecticidal properties of the insect‐proof film (HNTs/CO/LBL scale‐up film) manufactured in an industrial facility, the inhibitory effects of HNTs/CO/LBL scale‐up film on insect infestation was elucidated in both the segregation and combination tests. As a result, HNTs/CO/LBL alone or gravure‐printed film treated with HNTs/CO/LBL were capable of protecting food from insect infestation.Practical ApplicationHalloysite nanotubes containing natural insect repellent were applied to industrial production of food packaging. Commercial cornflake cereal packaging using insect‐resistant film successfully inhibited pest infestation. Insect‐proof film produced at an industrial facility can be utilized to protect processed food from insect infestation.
Can emphysema influence size discrepancy between radiologic and pathologic size measurement in subsolid lung adenocarcinomas?
Authors: Lim Jae‐Kwang , Shin Kyung Min , Lee Sang Yub , Lee Hoseok , Hahm Myong Hun , Lee Jaehee , Kim Chang Ho , Cha Seung‐Ick , Jeong Ji Yun 
Published: August 2019

BackgroundTo investigate the difference in the measured diameter of subsolid lung adenocarcinomas of thin‐section computed tomography (TSCT) and pathology according to presence of emphysema.MethodsA total of 268 surgically resected pathologic T1 or T2 adenocarcinomas visualized as subsolid nodules (SSNs) on TSCT were analyzed in 252 patients. Two observers measured the greatest diameters of the whole tumor (WTsize) and solid tumor (STsize) on TSCT in lung windows, classified nodules as part‐solid or nonsolid, and recorded the presence of regional emphysema. Interobserver variability was determined with intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC). CT measurements were compared to pathologic size (Psize) and invasive size (PIsize) using the Wilcoxon signed‐rank test.ResultsThe interobserver agreement between the diameters measured by the two observers was strong for WTsize (ICC = 0.968 [95% confidence interval, 0.960–0.975]) and STsize (ICC = 0.966 [95% CI, 0.950–0.969]). Radiologic WTsize was significantly greater than Psize (P < 0.001), while STsize was less than PIsize. The WTsize of the emphysema group was better correlated with Psize than WTsize of the normal lung group (P = 0.001), while the STsize of the normal lung group was better correlated with PIsize than STsize of the emphysema group. The concordance rate in T staging between CT and pathologic analysis was better correlated in patients with normal lungs than in those with emphysema (P = 0.023).ConclusionSTsize on TSCT was underestimated in patients with emphysema, resulting in higher discordance in T staging between TSCT and pathologic analysis for subsolid lung adenocarcinomas.
Assessment of the accuracy of salivary cotinine readings from NicAlert strips against a liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry assay in self‐reported non‐smokers who passed carbon monoxide but failed NicAlert validation
Authors: Etter Jean‐François 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackground and AimsNicAlert produces semi‐quantitative assessments of cotinine levels in saliva or urine for verification of smoking abstinence. This study aimed to assess the accuracy of NicAlert readings against a liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry assay in smokers who had passed expired‐air carbon monoxide (CO) verification but failed NicAlert verification.DesignComparison of NicAlert readings against readings from a reference assay using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry.SettingGeneva, Switzerland.ParticipantsSelf‐reported non‐smokers (n = 92) who in previous testing had CO of 0–3 parts per million (indicating no recent smoking) and reported not using any nicotine product, but had NicAlert readings ≥ 1 (indicating smoking).MeasurementsNicAlert produces readings of 0, 1 and 2+, which are reported by the manufacturer to correspond to saliva cotinine concentrations of 0–10 ng/ml (indicating not smoking), 10–30 ng/ml and 30+ ng/ml, respectively. Liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry was used as the reference.FindingsFor 82 participants with a NicAlert reading of 1, only two of the liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry values were within the purported range of 10–30 ng/ml; 71 were below 4 ng/ml and half the values were below 0.5 ng/ml. Two of the eight participants with NicAlert readings of 2 had laboratory values within the designated range. Neither of the two participants with NicAlert readings of 3 had a cotinine value within the designated range.ConclusionsIn people who had passed carbon monoxide verification, NicAlert readings yielded a very high false‐positive rate in detecting levels of cotinine indicative of smoking.
Elephant herbivory of knob‐thorn (Senegalia nigrescens) and ivory palm (Hyphaene petersiana) in Bwabwata National Park, Caprivi, Namibia: The role of ivory palm as a biotic refuge
Authors: Watson Laurence H. , Cameron Michael J. , Iifo Fillemon 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAfrican elephants have major impacts on vegetation, particularly at high densities. Knob‐thorns (Senegalia nigrescens) are typically ring‐barked by elephant, and high levels of mortality are common at high elephant densities. Our study aimed to test whether ivory palm clusters (Hyphaene petersiana) form a biotic refuge for knob‐thorn against elephant herbivory. We measured the density, damage and mortality of knob‐thorns in sites differing according to ivory palm presence and elephant density, and thus, the probability of knob‐thorn encounter by elephants. The site with palms and low elephant density, had a high density of knob‐thorns, but lower proportions of damaged and dead trees, than sites without palms but with similar or higher elephant density. In the former, knob‐thorns were associated with palm clusters, particularly saplings and young adults. In this site, low proportions of damaged and dead knob‐thorns were recorded in palm clusters, compared with outside clusters, and to those in the other sites. Our study also showed that juvenile palms which protected knob‐thorns, suffered low mortality in contrast to subadult palms. We have no evidence but implicate elephants and suggest that in palm clusters, subadult palms are more accessible to elephants than knob‐thorns because of the different methods of utilisation.
Apolipoprotein A‐IV acts as an endogenous anti‐inflammatory protein and is reduced in treatment‐naïve allergic patients and allergen‐challenged mice
Authors: Roula David , Theiler Anna , Luschnig Petra , Sturm Gunter J. , Tomazic Peter V. , Marsche Gunther , Heinemann Akos , Sturm Eva M. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundRecent studies pointed to a crucial role for apolipoproteins in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases. However, the role of apolipoprotein‐IV (ApoA‐IV) in allergic inflammation has not been addressed thoroughly thus far.ObjectiveHere, we explored the anti‐inflammatory effects and underlying signaling pathways of ApoA‐IV on eosinophil effector function in vitro and in vivo.MethodsMigratory responsiveness, Ca2+‐flux and apoptosis of human peripheral blood eosinophils were assessed in vitro. Allergen‐driven airway inflammation was assessed in a mouse model of acute house dust mite‐induced asthma. ApoA‐IV serum levels were determined by ELISA.ResultsRecombinant ApoA‐IV potently inhibited eosinophil responsiveness in vitro as measured by Ca2+‐flux, shape change, integrin (CD11b) expression, and chemotaxis. The underlying molecular mechanism involved the activation of Rev‐ErbA‐α and induced a PI3K/PDK1/PKA‐dependent signaling cascade. Systemic application of ApoA‐IV prevented airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) and airway eosinophilia in mice following allergen challenge. ApoA‐IV levels were decreased in serum from allergic patients compared to healthy controls.ConclusionOur data suggest that ApoA‐IV is an endogenous anti‐inflammatory protein that potently suppresses effector cell functions in eosinophils. Thus, exogenously applied ApoA‐IV may represent a novel pharmacological approach for the treatment of allergic inflammation and other eosinophil‐driven disorders.
Postwork intimacy
Authors: SHAKUTO SHIORI 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTMarriage among senior citizens is often characterized by an increasing appeal to romantic love and companionship. Japanese retired men in Malaysia tried to transform their marital relations from unions based on a strict division of labor to bonds formed out of a romantic partnership. But the new marital intimacy had hidden costs for wives, as the gendered hierarchy continued to constitute the basic terms of what were considered valuable activities in their overseas retirement. Companionate relationships do not simply erase the previously meaningful hierarchy or gender roles. The forms and expressions of gendered hierarchy also shift as dependency and power may be re‐created in nonfinancial forms. The liberal rhetoric celebrated in the ideals of companionate marriage often masks the reproduction of these regulatory forms. [intimacy, gender, transnational retirement, companionate marriage, active aging, Malaysia, Japan]
Methicillin‐resistant and vancomycin‐intermediate Staphylococcus aureus colonizing patients and intensive care unit environment: virulence profile and genetic variability
Authors: Veloso Jéssica O. , Lamaro‐Cardoso Juliana , Neves Lorrane S. , Borges Lizandra F. A. , Pires Cyndi H. , Lamaro Luana , Guerreiro Tainá C. , Ferreira Evelyn M. A. , André Maria Cláudia P. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis study aims to determine the prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus colonizing patients and ICU environment of a teaching hospital, the virulence and antimicrobial susceptibility profile of the isolates, and to evaluate the genetic relationship among them. A total of 536 swabs (134 of patients and 402 of ICU environment) were collected and analyzed to detect S. aureus. The antimicrobial susceptibility of the isolates was determined by disk diffusion test, and the detection of the mecA and virulence factors genes was performed by PCR, in addition to SCCmec typing. The genetic similarity of the isolates was determined by PFGE. Staphylococcus aureus was isolated in 12.7% of the swabs. The prevalence of colonization was 13.4% in patients and 12.4% in the environmental samples. The multidrug resistance was determined in 82.4% of the isolates. The prevalence of methicillin‐resistant S. aureus was 20.6%, with 50.0% classified as SCCmec IV. The intermediate resistance to vancomycin was detected in 5.9% and 4.4% of the isolates obtained from patients and environment, respectively. Identical isolates obtained from different patients and sources were grouped into several clusters. The results showed dissemination of multidrug‐resistant strains between patients and fomites and the persistence of MRSA and VISA isolates in the ICU environment.
Randomised clinical trial: a placebo‐controlled study of subcutaneous or intradermal NEXVAX2, an investigational immunomodulatory peptide therapy for coeliac disease
Authors: Truitt Kenneth E. , Daveson A. James M. , Ee Hooi C. , Goel Gautam , MacDougall James , Neff Kristin , Anderson Robert P. 
Published: August 2019

SummaryBackgroundNexvax2 contains three gluten‐derived peptides, intended to tolerize coeliac disease patients to gluten. Sequences cover six epitopes that trigger immune activation in human leucocyte antigen‐DQ2.5‐positive patients, most notably after an initial dose. Patients experience gastrointestinal symptoms with increases in serum interleukin‐2. Consistent with Nexvax2’s induction of non‐responsiveness, reactivity disappears after repeated doses, or is avoided with gradual dose escalation. Early clinical trials used intradermal dosing, but pharmacokinetics and rapid onset of effect suggest that subcutaneous delivery may also be effective.AimsTo document the relative bioavailability of Nevax2 peptides after subcutaneous and intradermal dosing, and the tolerability and ability of subcutaneous dosing to induce non‐responsiveness to Nexvax2 peptides.MethodsA randomised, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled study was conducted to assess plasma pharmacokinetics after subcutaneous and intradermal Nexvax2 dosing in HLA DQ2.5‐positive patients, who had symptoms after an oral gluten challenge. Randomisation was to semi‐weekly Nexvax2 (n = 12) or placebo (n = 2) injections, over a 5‐week subcutaneous dose escalation and 2‐week maintenance period, the latter with four doses of 900 µg, two subcutaneous and two intradermal. Post‐dose circulating peptide and interleukin‐2 levels were assessed. Investigators recorded adverse events experienced by patients.ResultsSubcutaneous dosing resulted in slightly greater exposure. Interleukin‐2 responses were seen with the gluten challenge but not after subcutaneous or intradermal dosing of 900 µg. Adverse events were generally mild and self‐limited.ConclusionsSubcutaneous and intradermal dosing of Nexvax2 yield similar bioavailability of constituent peptides; subcutaneous dose escalation avoids an immune response to dominant gluten epitopes.
Difficulty classifications of laparoscopic repeated liver resection in patients with recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Kinoshita Masahiko , Kanazawa Akishige , Kodai Shintaro , Shimizu Sadatoshi , Murata Akihiro , Nishio Kohei , Hamano Genya , Shinkawa Hiroji , Tanaka Shogo , Takemura Shigekazu , Tsukamoto Tadashi , Kubo Shoji 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIntroductionThis study aimed to investigate the predictive factors and classifications for difficulty of laparoscopic repeated liver resection (LRLR) in patients with recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma.MethodsSixty patients who underwent LRLR were included. Potential predictive factors for difficult LRLR included the approach of the previous liver resection (laparoscopic or open), the number of previous liver resections, a history of cholecystectomy in previous liver resection, the operative procedure of previous liver resection, whether the tumor was near the resected site of the previous liver resection, non‐surgical treatments before the present surgery, and the difficulty scoring system for laparoscopic liver resection. The relationship between these factors and perioperative outcomes were evaluated to investigate the predictive factor for difficult LRLR.ResultsUnivariate and multivariate analyses demonstrated that an open approach during previous liver resection, two or more previous liver resections, a history of previous liver resection with not less than sectionectomy, tumor near the resected site of the previous liver resection, and intermediate or high difficulty in the difficulty scoring system were independent risk factors for prolonged operative time and/or severe adhesion of LRLR. Three difficulty classifications were then suggested based on the number of these five predictive factors. The difficulty classification reflected operative time, intraoperative blood loss, and incidence of postoperative complication.ConclusionThe difficulty of LRLR may be predicted by three difficulty classifications using five preoperative predictive factors.
Current understandings of the trajectory and emerging correlates of cognitive impairment in bipolar disorder: An overview of evidence
Authors: Van Rheenen Tamsyn E. , Lewandowski Kathryn E. , Bauer Isabelle E. , Kapczinski Flavio , Miskowiak Kamilla , Burdick Katherine E. , Balanzá‐Martínez Vicent 
Published: August 2019

AbstractObjectivesCognitive dysfunction affects a significant proportion of people with bipolar disorder (BD), but the cause, trajectory and correlates of such dysfunction remains unclear. Increased understanding of these factors is required to progress treatment development for this symptom dimension.MethodsThis paper provides a critical overview of the literature concerning the trajectories and emerging correlates of cognitive functioning in BD. It is a narrative review in which we provide a qualitative synthesis of current evidence concerning clinical, molecular, neural and lifestyle correlates of cognitive impairment in BD across the lifespan (in premorbid, prodromal, early onset, post‐onset, elderly cohorts).ResultsThere is emerging evidence of empirical links between cognitive impairment and an increased inflammatory state, brain structural abnormalities and reduced neuroprotection in BD. However, evidence regarding the progressive nature of cognitive impairment is mixed, since consensus between different cross‐sectional data is lacking and does not align to the outcomes of the limited longitudinal studies available. Increased recognition of cognitive heterogeneity in BD may help to explain some inconsistencies in the extant literature.ConclusionsLarge, longitudinally focussed studies of cognition and its covariation alongside biological and lifestyle factors are required to better define cognitive trajectories in BD, and eventually pave the way for the application of a precision medicine approach for individual patients in clinical practice.
The impact of SOCS1 mutations in diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma
Authors: Mellert Kevin , Martin Melanie , Lennerz Jochen K. , Lüdeke Manuel , Staiger Annette M. , Kreuz Markus , Löffler Markus , Schmitz Norbert , Trümper Lorenz , Feller Alfred C. , Hartmann Sylvia , Hansmann Martin‐Leo , Klapper Wolfram , Stein Harald , Rosenwald Andreas , Ott German , Ziepert Marita , Möller Peter 
Published: August 2019

SummaryMutations in SOCS1 are frequent in primary mediastinal B‐cell lymphoma and classical Hodgkin lymphoma. In the latter, SOCS1 mutations affect the length of the encoded protein (major mutations) and are associated with shorter patient survival. Two independent studies examined the prognostic impact of SOCS1 mutations in diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and showed differing results. This may be due to the small number of included patients, the heterogeneity of patients’ demographics and the distinct treatment schemes in these studies. To overcome the size limitations of these previous studies, we assessed SOCS1 mutations in the RICOVER‐60 cohort. The cohort uniformly consists of elderly patients (aged 61–80 years) treated with the CHOP‐14 scheme (cyclophosphamide, hydroxydaunorubicin, vincristine, prednisolone at 14‐day intervals) with or without an additional rituximab treatment. Patient outcomes were analysed with regard to overall SOCS1 mutation frequency, major and minor mutations and a novel impact‐based classifier – against the treatment modalities. Patients harbouring putative pathogenic SOCS1 mutations showed significant reduced overall survival within the CHOP plus rituximab group. Hence, putative pathogenic SOCS1 mutations seem to efface the beneficial effect of the therapeutic CD20 antibody. Comparing published data of whole exome and transcriptome sequencing of a large DLBCL cohort confirmed that predicted deleterious SOCS1 mutations forecast pre‐eminent survival in early onset DLBCL.