bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Attitide to the European Union: the risk of disrupting the Swiss society
Authors: Karsanova E. S. , Volgin O. S. 
Published: October 2018

Introduction.The processes that are going on now in Europe make a research of the social, cultural and political peculiarities of the Swiss electorate a timely issue due to their ambiguous attitude to the perspective of Switzerland joining the European Union. Materials and methods.The research is based on the theoretical and empirical analysis of Swiss ap­propriate sources and literature by using the meth­ods of historical, system and behavioral approach, that allowed us to define a causal relationship and differential signs of German-speaking Swiss com­munity as a particular ethnic group, to display most important factors that make the greatest influence on this group in terms of their attitude to EU. The results of the research.The Swiss elector­ate is deeply committed to the Swiss political insti­tutions. The principles of neutrality, federalism and direct democracy are supported by all population of Switzerland irrelatively of their ethno-linguistic di­versity. That is why many Swiss Eurosceptic argue that the membership in the EU is incompatible with political traditions of the Swiss Confederation. The repudiation of the EU membership is mostly peculiar to a great number of the German-speaking Swiss due to their political and cultural habits. On the contrary French-speaking Swiss mostly stay for joining the EU. We presuppose that a sufficiently high level of repudiation of the EU membership by the German-speaking Swiss can be explained by two main rea­sons: on the one hand, all Swiss belong to the state that has no general cultural (ethnical) attributes that make them more vulnerable to the institutional am­bitions of the EU, on the other hand, being German-speaking Swiss they belong to the ethno-linguistic and territorial unit which has no institutional sup­port and vivid cultural articulation. Being squeezed from both sides by the political and linguistic factors the German-speaking Swiss electorate possess a la­tent feeling of vulnerability and a nation-exclusive type of identity, which is the reason of their Euro­scepticism. Discussions and conclusion:the European Union wants to clarify the outlines of its relations with Switzerland. But the more resolute its politi­cal line becomes in this respect the more definitely the German-speaking Swiss electorate will perceive that this policy is a danger to their identity and the stronger their willingness to stay outside the EU will become. If we take into account that the German-speaking Swiss population is three times as big as the francophone Swiss population, Switzerland will apparently remain outside the EU in the foreseeable future.
General image understanding in visual metaphor identification
Authors: Negro Isabel , Šorm Ester , Steen Gerard 
Published: October 2018

AbstractResearch on visual metaphor has rapidly developed in the wake of verbal metaphor research, focusing on the development of taxonomies for visual metaphors and the analysis of the use of visual metaphor in specialized genres. In these studies visual metaphor identification seems to be quite straightforward. However, a reliable procedure for identifying visual metaphor in all sorts of contexts still needs to be developed. The first step of such procedure is concerned with the acquisition of a general understanding of an image. In this article we explore the issues that analysts face when they look at the image and establish its general meaning.Key words: visual metaphor, metaphor identification, image description, image meaning, image understanding.Resumen Los estudios sobre metáfora visual se han sucedido a partir de la investigación en metáfora verbal, y se han centrado en el desarrollo de taxonomías de metáforas visuales y el análisis del uso de la metáfora visual en géneros concretos. En estos estudios la identificación de metáforas visuales parece una tarea sencilla. Sin embargo, estimamos necesario diseñar un método fiable que permita identificar metáforas visuales en todo tipo de contextos. El primer paso consiste en adquirir una comprensión global de la imagen. En este artículo abordamos las cuestiones que se plantean los analistas al observar una imagen y determinar su significado general. Palabras clave: metáfora visual, identificación de metáforas, descripción de la imagen, significado de la imagen, comprensión de la imagen.
The impedance cardiography technique in medical diagnosis
Authors: BENABDALLAH Hadjer , Kerai Salim 
Published: October 2018

Background: Thoracic Electrical Bioimpedance (TEB) Technology sometimes called the Impedance Cardiography (ICG). In 1940, the Impedance Cardiography emerged; the studies of this technique are realized to the cardiovascular diseases detection which used hemodynamic parameters measurements based on the skin electrodes contact by injecting a low amplitude alternating signal. The objective of this article is to review the various studies based on this signal type and to present the multiple methods used for the treatment and to have a correct analysis.
Methods: This ICG technique consists for applying an electric field longitudinally across a segment of the thorax with amplitude in mean, high frequency and low amplitude current. To analyze the ICG signal, the signal denoising is necessary that’s why a multiple filters are proposed, and the Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) denoising is also used.
Results: The ICG is considered advantageous compared to other invasive conventional techniques; it gives a good correlation, and solves the Doppler ultrasound and Thermodilution problems. According to the studies, the Daubechies wavelet family (db8) is the best DWT to eliminate the noises. There are several algorithms for the signal characteristic point’s detection.
Conclusion: For the purpose of cardiovascular disease diagnosis and monitoring, the non-invasive ICG technique comes to solve the complexity problem for measurement and analyzing heart disease based on the thoracic electrical impedance change assessment that is due to blood velocity and resistivity changes (blood volume changes) in order to estimate several hemodynamic parameters.
Keywords: ICG, cardiovascular disease, hemodynamic parameters, diagnosis and monitoring, correct analysis.
new approach for breast abnormality detection based on thermography
Authors: Karim Chebbah Nabil , Mohamed Ouslim , Ryad Temmar 
Published: October 2018

Breast cancer is one of the most common women cancers in the world. In this paper, a new approach based on thermography for the early detection of breast abnormality is proposed. The study involved 80 breast thermograms collected from the PROENG public database which consists of 50 healthy breasts and 30 with some findings. Image processing techniques such as segmentation, texture analysis and mathematical morphology were used to train a support vector machine (SVM) classifier for automatic detection of breast abnormality. After conducting several tests, we obtained very interesting and motivating results. Indeed, our method showed a high performance in terms of sensitivity of 93.3%, a specificity of 90% and an accuracy of 91.25%. The final results let us conclude that infrared thermography with the help of an adequate automatic classification algorithm can be a valuable and reliable complementary tool for radiologist in detecting breast cancer and thereby helping to reduce mortality rates.
Segmentation Method of Skin MRI 3D High Resolution in vivo
Authors: Rachida ZEGOUR , Belaid Ahror , Ben Salem Douraied 
Published: October 2018

Background: In recent years, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is used in clinical application as non-invasive medical modality, it is rarely used to study the anatomy physiological, and biochemical of the skin, in spite of its very attractive modality for skin imaging. It makes an ideal imaging modality of unique soft tissue contrast to study the skin water content and to differentiate between the different skin layers. However MRI provides a big data with high quality. The analysis of these data require computerized methods to help clinicians and to improve disease of diagnosis. Several image processing method have been extensively used to assist doctors in qualitative diagnosis, segmentation is one of the most methods used in medical image processing for many applications in order to understand medical data and extract useful information.
The purpose of this study is to use the segmentation method to measure the hydration of skin using MRI modality.
Methods: We will classify segmentation approaches for MRI data into three basics classes: Edge based segmentation, Region based segmentation, and Thresholding segmentation. Then we will briefly describe Fuzzy C-means Clustering method. Furthermore, we will give some related works used FCM algorithm with MRI images.
Results: We have measured the hydration of the feet as a result of the FCM segmentation method, where the sample of the study was conducted on 35 healthy volunteers, who were scanned by MRI machine before applying moisturizer and one hour after.
Conclusion: MRI is an attractive modality to study the skin water content, it makes an ideal observation of the different skin layers in vivo with three dimensions. However, the segmentation of MRI data by FCM clustering is a computerized method to help clinicians in order to measure skin hydration.
TESTIMONY OF THE CONSTRUCTION MASTER WHO HAVE NO COMPETENCE IN THE CASE OF CORRUPTION
Authors: Rosanto Sera 
Published: October 2018

Calculation of state losses can only be done by a master . Master here are not only master in the field of financial audit but also engineers who will calculate the feasibility of construction of a building in case of corruption was related to the construction field. Master who has the competence docalculating the quantity of a building and the price of a building is a person who has a construction management certification. Description of the Construction Master who have no competence in the matter of corruption, the statement becomes invalid.
SPECIFIC FEATURES OF THE SCENIC METHOD IN THE GENRE "CIRCUS GYMNASTICS": FORMAL TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS, AS WELL AS ANALYSIS OF TRICKS ON "SHVUNG TRAPE" (TRAPEZIUM)
Authors: Stetsenko A. , Dobrovolskaya S. 
Published: October 2018

The article discusses the features of the stage method in accordance with the genre of "Circus gymnastics" in the context of art education of the circus movement. Considering the terminological characteristics of individual concepts in gymnastics, understand their specificity. Elements of work in aerial gymnastics on a trapeze are described. Certain features of individual exercises and elements on the trapezoid.Keywords: circus art, circus genre, gymnastics, circus gymnastics, scenic method.Анатолий Стеценко, Светлана Добровольская, доценты кафедры цирковых жанров, заслуженные артисты Украины. Специфические особенности в сценическом методе жанра «Цирковая гимнастика»: формально-технические характеристики, а также анализ работы воздушной гимнастики на трапеции / Киевская муниципальная академия эстрадного и циркового искусств, Украина, Киев.В статье рассмотрены особенности сценического метода по жанру «Цирковая гимнастика», в контексте художественного образования циркового направления. Даны терминологические характеристики отдельных понятий по гимнастике, для понимания их специфики. Описаны элементы работы в воздушной гимнастике на трапеции. Уточнены особенности выполнения отдельных упражнений и элементов на трапеции.Ключевые слова: цирковое искусство, цирковой жанр, гимнастика, цирковая гимнастика, сценический метод.
Siirt ili kent merkezinde balık eti tüketim yapısı ve tüketicilerin satın alma eğilimlerinin belirlenmesi
Authors: KARAKAYA Ersin , KIRICI Muammer , ÇAM Oğuzhan 
Published: October 2018

Bu
çalışma, Siirt’te balıketi tüketim yapısını belirlemek, kent merkezindeki
bireylerin balık tüketim tercihlerini ve alışkanlıklarını belirlemek için
yapılmıştır. 2017
yılında yürütülen çalışmanın materyalini, Siirt kent merkezinde ikamet eden
toplam 271 kişi ile yapılan anketlerden sağlanan veriler oluşturmaktadır.
Veriler tanımlayıcı istatistikler, X2 testi ve Tek Yönlü Varyans
(ANOVA) testleri kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre;
bireylerin %22,5’inin daha çok balıketi tükettikleri ve en çok tüketilen balık
türünün ise hamsi olduğu sonucu bulunmuştur. Bireyler balıketini en çok ayda
bir defa ve yaklaşık olarak 4,5 kg olarak tükettiklerini belirtmişlerdir.
Bireylerin balıketi tüketim tercihlerinde balıketinin lezzetli olması ve besin
değerinin yüksek olması faktörlerinin ön planda olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Bireylerin yarısının yeteri kadar balık tükettiklerine inanmadıkları sonucu
ortaya çıkmıştır. Bireyler yeteri kadar balık tüketmemelerine neden olarak
%33,2 oranında balık fiyatlarının pahalı olduğunu, %25,8 oranında ise tüketmek
istediği balık çeşidini bulamadığını belirtmişlerdir. Sonuç olarak; damak
zevkine uygun her çeşit işlenmiş su ürünlerinin bulunabilirliği ve tüketicilere
uygun fiyatlarla sunulması Siirt ilinde balık tüketiminin artması için son
derece önem arz etmektedir.
A Case of Parathyroid Carcinoma with Presented Lung Metastases
Authors: Cengiz Hasret , Baş Süleyman , Tütüncü Yasemin 
Published: October 2018

Parathyroid
carcinoma is one of the rarest endocrinologic tumors. It covers on average %1 of all hyperparathyroid cases. It can be seen as a part of genetic
syndromes or generally as sporadic
cases. Man/Woman ratio is 0,8/1 . 90% of parathyroid carcinoma is usually
hormonally active and presents with hypercalcemia clinic, and in many cases
also a palpable or detectable big
neck mass is present. Our case is an exciting and rare
case due to first presentation is hypercalcemia and hyperparathyroidia with
lung methastazes without detectable parathyroid
mass in neck.
Effect of maximal androgen blockade therapy on hematological, biochemical and bone density in locally advanced prostate cancer
Authors: DEMİRELLİ Erhan , Haliloğlu Ahmet Hakan , Gülpınar Ömer , SÖNMEZ Mehmet Giray , BEDÜK Yaşar , Küpeli Sadettin 
Published: October 2018

Aim: In the present study we aimed to check the
impact of maximal androgen deprivation therapy (MADT) on cellular blood
components such as hemoglobin (Hb) and hematocrit (Htc) fasting blood glucose (FBG), serum lipid values
and bone mineral density (BMD) in locally advanced prostate cancer.Patients and Methods: Having been treated with maximal
androgen blockade therapy, thirty-nine patients' initial values and at the
twelfth month values of hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Htc), FBG, total
cholesterol (tChol), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein (HDL), low density
lipoprotein (LDL) and spine BMD were recorded. Statistical comparisons of
initial and at the twelfth month values were performed. Results: A
statistically significant decrease was recorded in Hb and BMD values after one
year MADT. On the other hand, TG, tChol, LDL, HDL and FBG values showed a
statistically significant increase. Although Hb levels were significantly
reduced, none of our patients developed symptoms of anemia. Fourteen of 37
patients whose FBG levels were under 110 mg/dl before treatment, increased over
110 mg/dl at the twelfth month of treatment. Seven patients developed diabetes
mellitus (DM) after treatment. Moreover, T score evaluation revealed newly
developed osteoporosis in 4 patients. All of the patients with developed osteoporosis
had osteopenic T score values before treatment. No bone fractures occurred in
any of our patients.

Conclusion:
Our study points out the increase of FBG related to the treatment of MADT.
Decrease in BMD is higher in previously osteopenic patients. The lack of bone
fracture and anemia symptoms might be considered as a result of evaluation of
the early data on MADT.
Otojen Hamstring Tendon Grefti Ve Transfiks Tekniği İle Uygulanan Artroskopik Önçapraz Bağ Rekonstrüksiyonu Kısa Dönem Sonuçları
Authors: Basılgan Seçkin , Dinçel Yaşar Mahsut 
Published: October 2018

Amaç: Ön çapraz bağ yaralanmalarının (ÖÇB) otojen hamstring tendon grefti (OHTG) ve transfiks tekniği ile rekonstrüksiyonunun erken sonuçlarını değerlendirmeyi amaçladık.Hastalar ve Yöntem: 2007- 2009 yılları arasında hastanemizde ÖÇB tamiri yapılan postop 2 yıl takibi olan 62 hastanın 55’i çalışmaya alındı. Çalışmada, hastaların fonksiyonel değerlendirmesi için ameliyat öncesi ve sonrası Tegner aktivite skalası, Lysholm skorlama sistemi ve IKDC (International Knee Documentation Committee) diz bağ değerlendirme sistemleri, stabilizasyon testleri için Lachman, Pivot-Shift ve ön çekmece testlerine ek olarak kantitatif bir sonuç veren Kt-1000 testi uygulandı. Bulgular: Ameliyat öncesi Lysholm skorları ortalaması 61 iken , yapılan son kontrolde 94 bulundu. Ameliyat öncesi IKDC skorlarına bakıldığında 5 hasta B, 40 hasta C ve 10 hasta D iken ameliyat sonrası, 12 hasta A, 36 hasta B, 7 hasta C olarak bulundu. Tegner aktivite skalası; ameliyat öncesi ortalama 3,2 iken ameliyat sonrası bu değer ortalama 6,8’e yükseldi. Bağımlı gruplarda t testi ile yapılan istatiksel çalışmada iki grup arasında anlamlı fark tespit edildi ( p&lt; 0.05). Kt-1000 artrometre ölçümünde, translasyon farkı 45 hastada 3 mm'den az, 7 hastada 3mm-5mm arasında ve 3 hastada 5 mm’nin üzerinde bulundu. Sonuç: Yapılan değerlendirmeler sonucunda OHTG kullanımı ve transfix tekniği ile tespitin, ÖÇB yaralanmalı hastalarda kullanılabilecek bir teknik olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır.
Endometriyal Patolojilerde Prostat Spesifik Antijen Ekspresyonunun İncelenmesi
Authors: SÜMER Dinçer , BOZTOSUN Abdullah , ÖZER Hatice , YENİCESU Ayşe Gonca , AKER Handan , YANIK Ali 
Published: October 2018

Amaç:
Bu çalışmanın amacı Prostat Spesifik Antijen ekspresyonunu proliferatif
endometriyum, endometriyal hiperplazi ve endometriyum kanseri dokularında
immünhistokimyasal olarak araştırmak ve kıyaslamaktır.Hastalar ve Yöntemler:
Endometrioid tip Endometrial Karsinom tanısı almış 31, Endometriyal Hiperplazi
tanısı almış 29 ve Proliferatif Endometriyum tanısı almış 28 olmak üzere toplam
88 olguya ait histerektomi materyali araştırma kapsamına alınmıştır. Her olguda
patolojiyi en iyi gösteren bir parafin blok prostat spesifik antijen ile
immünhistokimyasal boyama için kullanılmıştır. Pozitif boyanan hücre sayısı ve
boyanma yoğunluğu semikantitatif olarak belirlenmiştir. Her bir vaka için iki
parametre çarpılarak 0 ile 12 arası nihai puan elde edilmiştir.Bulgular:
Çalışmaya alınan toplam 88 histerektomi materyalinin 70’inde (%79.5) PSA
ekspresyonu olduğu görülmüştür.
İmmünhistokimyasal boyanma puanlarına bakıldığında proliferatif
endometriyum ortalama puanın 3,4±3, Endometriyal hiperplazi grubunda
4,1±3,Endometriyum kanseri grubunda
2,2±3 olduğu görülmüştür. Grupların boyanma puanları arasındaki fark
istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmamıştır. Karsinom grubunda hastalığın evresi
ve grade’i PSA ekspresyonu açısından farklılık göstermemektedir.

Sonuç:
Çalışmamız Prostat spesifik antijenin endometriyum dokusunda yüksek oranda eksprese
olduğunu göstermektedir. Bu ekspresyon endometriyal patolojiler arasında
istatistiksek olarak anlamlı fark kazanmamaktadır ve PSA’nın endometriyal
karsinom ile ilişkili olmadığını işaret etmektedir.
Comparison of Different Normalization Techniques on Speakers’ Gender Detection
Authors: İLERİ Serhat , KARABİNA Armağan , KILIÇ Erdal 
Published: October 2018

In this study, the effect of Short-time Mean and Variance Normalization
(STMVN), Short-time Cepstral Mean and
Scale Normalization (STMSN), Min-Max Normalization, Z-Score Normalization and
Standard Deviation Normalization techniques on the classification
performance was investigated in determining speakers’ gender. In the study,
voice records which belongs to 192 male and 192 female speakers from TIMIT data
set were used as data set. Features were extracted from Mel Frequency Cepstral
Coefficients (MFCC) technique by using voice records and extracted
features’ dimension was reduced to Principal Component Analysis (PCA), then
normalized with different techniques. Support Vector Machine (SVM) was
used as classifier. As a result of study, it was observed that, the highest accuracy
in speakers’ gender estimation is obtained as %98.18 from features which were
normalized with Standard Deviation Normalization technique and other
normalization techniques were reduced accuracy.
An Anthropometric Comparison of Inner Canthal Distance, Outer Canthal Distance and Canthal Index in the Indian and Nepalese Undergraduate Students of Nepalgunj Medical College
Authors: Adhikari N , Ambekar M N , KC S 
Published: October 2018

Background: The canthal distances are one of the most important aspects in ascessing the facial aesthetics. Several authors have described changes in the canthal distances attributable to race and gender.Aims and Objectives: To compare the inner canntahl distance, outer canthal distance and canthal index in between Nepalese and Indian undergraduate students of Nepalgunj Medical College.Materials and Methods: The study was conducted to compare canthal distances and canthal index among 320 (160 Indians: 100 male,60 female and 160 Nepalese: 100 male and 60 female) undergraduate students of Nepalgunj Medical College of age group 18-24 years at Department of Anatomy, Chisapani, Banke. Inner canthal distance(ICD) and Outer canthal Distance(OCD) were measured by using round end spreading caliper and Canthal Index were calculated by ICD/OCD *100. The value obtained was compared among Indian and Nepalese students in both sexes by using student t-test.Result: The study showed that there was no any significant difference on the value of inner and outer canthal distances and canthal index observed between Nepalese and Indian population except on the value of canthal index which was significantly different between Indian male and Nepalese male population. However, when the comparison was done between the sexes, inner and outer canthal distances and canthal index of males are larger than females except on the value of canthal index of Indian males and Indian females which was non-significant.Conclusion: There occurred a sexual dimorphism within Indian and Nepalese population except on canthal index of Indian male and Indian female but there wasn't any significant differences between Nepalese and Indian population of same sex except on canthal index of Indian male and Nepalese male. JNGMC, Vol. 14 No. 2 December 2016, Page: 12-14
Determination of the barrier height of Pt-Ir Schottky nano-contacts on Al-doped ZnO thin films by conductive Atomic Force Microscopy
Authors: Rivera L. J. Eduardo , Muñoz A. Narcizo , Gutiérrez-Paredes Juliana G. , Tamayo-Meza Pedro A. , Alvarez Z. Alejandro , Martínez-Pérez L. 
Published: October 2018

By means of the I-V characteristics measured at room temperature, the height of the Schottky barrier established by the conductive Pt-Ir tip of an Atomic Force Microscope on the aluminum doped ZnO thin films were estimated in the range of 0.58-0.64 eV. The ideality factors were in the range of 2.11-1.39, respectively. These values are in accordance with those reported by other authors that measured the height of the Pt Schottky barrier on ZnO by means of several methods. The procedure detailed in this work suggests that the scanning time for obtaining I-V Schottky characteristics is of the order of 2 ms.