bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Amelioration of Growth Performance, Lipid Accumulation, and Intestinal Health in Mice by a Cooked Mixture of Lean Meat and Resistant Starch
Authors: Wang Xi‐xi , Pan Qiong , Ma Fei , Li Pei‐jun , Xu Bao‐cai , Chen Cong‐gui 
Published: February 2019

ScopeThe intake of resistant starch (RS) may attenuate the risks of chronic illness, including colorectal cancer. However, whether the attenuated functionality of RS is maintained in cooked meat products needs to be clarified.Methods and resultsThe effects of a cooked mixture of lean pork meat and RS (MS) on the growth performance, lipid accumulation, and intestinal health of mice is investigated compared to those of RS‐free cooked meat (M) and the addition of RS to cooked meat (M+S). The results show that both M+S and MS diets improve growth performance, alleviate lipid accumulation, and ameliorate colon health via promoting food intake and body weight gain, attenuating adipose tissue weight and triglyceride levels in liver and serum, regulating short‐chain fatty acids and ammonia concentrations, ameliorating gut morphology and remodeling the gut microbiome, including Desulfovibrio, Escherichia–Shigella, Lactococcus, Ruminococcus 2, and the Firmicutes‐to‐Bacteroidetes ratio in mice, compared to the M diet. In particular, the MS diet exerts preferable effects on promoting growth performance and intestinal benefits and alleviating lipid accumulation in mice.ConclusionCooked mixtures of meat and RS are promising for developing novel functional meat products for nutritional health interventions.
Broadband terahertz reflector through electric and magnetic resonances by all dielectric cylinder microstructure
Authors: Fang Bo , Li Chenxia , Peng Yandong , Jing Xufeng 
Published: February 2019

AbstractWe present the broadband perfect reflection in terahertz range by using all dielectric cylinder microstructure through Mie resonance in high refractive index resonator. Compared with metal plasma structure, all dielectric metamaterial can realize low loss and high efficiency. For the common metamaterial microstructure with 1 cylinder resonator in 1 unit cell, the reflectance of more than 99% can be achieved in the band from 1.27 to 1.46 THz, and the perfect reflection of bandwidth of 0.19 THz can be reached. Importantly, linear superposition effect of the spectrum can be further expanded by 2 or 4 cylinder resonators in 1 unit cell to achieve wider bandwidth of reflection. However, Fano resonances can be excited by the interaction between resonators, resulting in a defect of broadband reflection. It is expected that the ultra broadband can be realized by using this supercell metamaterial structure with avoiding Fano resonances through precise design.
Super‐wideband cascaded bandpass filter using suspended substrate stripline technology
Authors: McDaniel Jay , Yan Jie‐Bang , Gogineni Prasad 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThis paper presents a wideband cascaded bandpass filter with a fractional bandwidth of 160% centered at 10 GHz using suspended substrate stripline technology. The highpass and lowpass filters are both 11th‐order generalized Chebyshev designs with a cutoff frequency of 2 and 18 GHz, respectively, and cascaded to form a continuous 2‐18 GHz bandpass filter. Simulated and measured results of all of the filters show good agreement, and measured results of the cascaded bandpass filter shows less than 2 dB of insertion loss and greater than 10 dB of return loss over the entire passband.
A wideband back‐to‐back U‐shaped monopole antenna
Authors: Zheng Yaqiang , Gao Min 
Published: February 2019

AbstractA wideband back‐to‐back U‐shaped monopole antenna with conical radiation pattern is presented in this article. The proposed antenna has a simple and compact structure and a grounded coplanar waveguide is used to feed the antenna. Compared with the single U‐shaped structure for radiating, the proposed back‐to‐back U‐shaped configuration can enhance the impedance bandwidth effectively. The performance characteristics of the proposed antenna are verified by an elaborate antenna prototype. Valuable consistence is obtained between the simulated and experimental results. The experimental results show that the antenna owns a −10 dB impedance bandwidth of 95.8% (ranging from 1.25 to 3.55 GHz) and a peak gain of 3.75 dBi occurring at 2.8 GHz. The radiation patterns are stable with low cross polarization levels within the bandwidth. These merits can make the proposed antenna a good choice for modern indoor wireless communication systems.
An embedded boundary method for an inviscid compressible flow coupled to deformable thin structures: The mediating body method
Authors: Jamond O. , Beccantini A. 
Published: February 2019

SummaryThis article deals with fast transient phenomena involving fluids and structures undergoing large displacements and rotations, associated with nonlinear local behavior, such as plasticity, damage, and failure. A new approach is proposed to handle the interaction between a structure and the compressible fluid it is immersed into. The equations governing the evolution of the structure and the fluid are discretized using Lagrangian shell finite‐elements and Eulerian cell‐centered finite volume approaches, respectively. The meshes of the structure and the fluid are totally independent from one another and fully unstructured. The proposed method uses an intermediate body through which the physical quantities are exchanged between the fluid and the structure. It relies on the solution of local one‐dimensional fluid‐structure Riemann problems in local frames related to the normal of the structure. Since the proposed approach does not require to subdivide the fluid cell according to the structure geometry, it can deal with complex nonmanifold thin structures. Nevertheless, it is shown through some numerical experiments that, thanks to some features described in this article, the method provides accurate results. It is also shown that the method can cope with large 3D problems.
Morphometrical distinction between sheep (Ovis aries) and goat (Capra hircus) using the petrosal bone: Application on French Protohistoric sites
Authors: Mallet Christophe , Cornette Raphaël , Guadelli Jean‐Luc 
Published: February 2019

AbstractOften present in the archaeological record but rarely studied in archaeozoology, the petrosal part of the temporal bone provides important distinctive features allowing specific determination, despite a confusing morphological variability. Here, we propose to use this bone to untangle the question of the distinction between sheep and goat—two close taxa that are usually difficult to distinguish in the fossil record. We evaluated our method on Neolithic and Protohistoric specimens found in sites from Southwestern France in addition to a modern reference sample. Anatomical description and diameter measurements defined on the medial side proved to be relevant to discriminate those caprines, even on the fossil record, characterised by a high frequency of breakage. Our results highlighted the importance of reducing the size effect by transforming the data because of the great variability of the petrosal. The use of log‐shape ratios transformation allowed us to visualise the shape variation of this bone for both modern and ancient specimens. The k‐nearest neighbours method proved the efficiency of our measurements to classify these species. This study interrogates the origin of intraspecific morphological variation, probably due to ontogenetic development and breeds. It also raises questions on the identification of the domestication processes through the use of the petrosal bone.
Longitudinal Associations of Sleep Duration, Morning and Evening Cortisol, and BMI During Childhood
Authors: Marceau Kristine , Abel Emily A. , Duncan Robert J. , Moore Phillip J. , Leve Leslie D. , Reiss David , Shaw Daniel S. , Natsuaki Misaki , Neiderhiser Jenae M. , Ganiban Jody M. 
Published: February 2019

ObjectiveThis study aimed to examine associations between sleep duration, BMI, and cortisol levels across childhood.MethodsParticipants included 361 children adopted domestically in the United States. Random‐intercept cross‐lagged panel models tested for between‐person and bidirectional within‐person associations of sleep duration, BMI, and morning and evening cortisol at age 4.5 to 9 years.ResultsSleep duration and BMI were stable during childhood, inversely associated at the between‐person level, and unrelated to morning or evening cortisol. BMI at age 6 years predicted longer sleep duration and lower evening cortisol at age 7 years, and lower morning cortisol at age 7 years predicted higher BMI at age 9 years within individuals.ConclusionsThe association between sleep and BMI is more likely a stable between‐person phenomenon rather than a unidirectional association that develops within individuals over time.
Sex ratio among childhood cancers by single year of age
Authors: Williams Lindsay A. , Richardson Michaela , Marcotte Erin L. , Poynter Jenny N. , Spector Logan G. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe male excess in childhood cancer incidence is well‐established; however, the underlying biologic mechanisms remain unknown. Examining the association between male sex and childhood cancer by single year of age and tumor type may highlight important periods of risk such as variation in growth and hormonal changes, which will inform etiologic hypotheses.MethodsUsing data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) 18 registries (2000–2015), incidence rate ratios (IRR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were estimated as the measure of association between male sex and childhood cancer by single year of age (0–19).ResultsThe IRR for male cancer overall was 1.19 (95% CI, 1.18–1.20) and was similar in magnitude at nearly every year of age. Burkitt lymphoma was strongly associated with male sex (IRRs ≥2 at each year of age). Increased incidence was observed among males for acute lymphoblastic leukemia, Hodgkin and non‐Hodgkin lymphomas for nearly all years of age. Medulloblastoma was the only central nervous system tumor with a significant male predominance at nearly every age. Male sex displayed a consistent inverse association with nephroblastoma and thyroid carcinoma over the ages studied.ConclusionsMale sex was positively associated with most cancers. The higher incidence rates observed in males remained consistent over the childhood and adolescent periods, suggesting that childhood and adolescent hormonal fluctuations may not be the primary driving factor for the sex disparities in childhood cancer. The observed incidence disparities may be due to sex differences in exposures, genetics, or immune responses.
Lumbar Multifidus and Erector Spinae Muscle Synergies in Patients with Nonspecific Low Back Pain During Prone Hip Extension: A Cross‐sectional Study
Authors: Wattananon Peemongkon , Silfies Sheri P. , Tretriluxana Jarugool , Jalayondeja Wattana 
Published: February 2019

BackgroundProne hip extension is used to clinically assess movement control in patients with nonspecific low back pain (LBP). Excessive lumbopelvic movements and altered muscle activation patterns are common in patients with nonspecific LBP. However, no evidence exists regarding lumbar multifidus and lumbar erector spinae muscle synergy patterns in patients with nonspecific LBP during this clinical test.ObjectiveTo determine the difference in lumbopelvic motion and change in muscle synergy between patients with nonspecific LBP and healthy individuals.DesignA cross‐sectional study design.SettingUniversity physical therapy clinic and laboratory.ParticipantsSeven patients with nonspecific LBP (age [mean ± SD] 29 ± 5 years, 43% female, body mass index [BMI] of 25 ± 2 kg/m2, Numeric Pain Rating Scale 6 ± 2; Oswestry Disability Index 20% ± 8%) and seven age‐, sex‐, and BMI‐matched healthy individuals (mean age 28 ± 5 years, 43% female, BMI of 22 ± 2 kg/m2) were recruited.MethodsEach participant performed six repetitions of prone hip extension on each side; kinematic and electromyographic data were collected simultaneously.Main Outcome MeasurementsKinematic data were used to represent lumbopelvic motion, whereas electromyography (EMG) data were used to represent muscle activity. A paired t‐test was used to determine the difference in lumbopelvic motion. Principal component analysis and two‐way repeated‐measures analysis of variance were used to extract muscle synergies and identify differences in muscle synergy patterns between and within groups.ResultsResults demonstrated no significant group difference (P > .05) in amount of lumbopelvic motion. However, healthy individuals synergistically activate lumbar multifidus and lumbar erector spinae with 81.0% variance accounted for (VAF). Patients with nonspecific LBP had an altered synergy with independent activation of lumbar multifidus on the painful side with 32.0% VAF and the lumbar multifidus on the nonpainful side, and both lumbar erector spinae with 52.2% VAF synergistically activated.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that clinicians should focus on muscle activation patterns rather than the amount of lumbopelvic motion during clinical observation of prone hip extension.Level of EvidenceLevel III.
Minor amounts of glycerol improve the properties of polyisobutylene‐based polyurethane and its nanocomposites
Authors: Nugay Nihan , Nugay Turgut , Kennedy Joseph P. 
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACTThe synthesis of primary hydroxyl‐telechelic polyisobutylene, HOCH2‐PIB‐CH2OH, often yields product the number average terminal functionality () of which is less than theoretical 2.0, typically  = 1.75–1.95. Polyurethane (PU) prepared with such low‐cost imperfect PIB‐diols, unsurprisingly, exhibit poor overall properties. Herein we report that mechanical, rheological, and thermal properties of polyisobutylene‐based polyurethane (PIB‐PU) and PIB‐PU reinforced with organically modified montmorillonite (OmMMT) prepared with PIB‐diol of  = 1.85 are significantly enhanced by glycerol. Specifically, we document that calculated minor amounts of glycerol substantially improves tensile strength, ultimate elongation, elastic modulus, toughness, rubbery plateau, flow temperature, creep, permanent set, rate of recovery after loading, and thermal properties of PIB‐PU and OmMMT‐reinforced PIB‐PU prepared with PIB‐diol of  = 1.85. The observations are summarized and discussed in terms of chemistry, micromorphology, and viscoelasticity. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2019, 57, 929–935
Experiences with a psychosocial screening instrument (S‐FIRST) to identify the psychosocial support needs of parents of children suffering from cancer
Authors: Haunberger Sigrid , Rüegger Cornelia , Baumgartner Edgar 
Published: February 2019

AbstractObjectivesA large proportion of families with a child suffering from cancer are heavily burdened, both psychologically and socially functions, thus requiring treatment. Therefore, a systematic assessment of burden and needs is essential to identify clients with a high psychosocial burden and to allow for accurate decision making regarding indications for treatment. There is a great need for the development and validation of screening instruments in psychosocial counseling.MethodsThe receiver operating characteristic curve is a basic method to evaluate the discriminatory power of diagnostic tests. We computed sensitivity/specificity indices based on a sample of parents of pediatric cancer patients; the parents were screened with the S‐FIRST and completed another standardized instrument with reliable indicators.ResultsWe found significant area under the curve (AUC) values from 0.671 to 0.882, meaning that the S‐FIRST screening instrument has small to medium discriminatory power.ConclusionOur results support the use of a screening instrument for case history analyses in psychosocial counseling to identify clients with a high psychosocial burden.
Identifying distinct trajectories of change in young breast cancer survivors' sexual functioning
Authors: von Hippel Christiana , Rosenberg Shoshana M. , Austin S. Bryn , Sprunck‐Harrild Kim , Ruddy Kathryn J. , Schapira Lidia , Come Steven , Borges Virginia F. , Partridge Ann H. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractObjectivesTo identify and characterize distinct trajectories of change in young women's sexual functioning over the first 5 years following breast cancer diagnosis.MethodsGroup‐based trajectory modeling was applied to the sexual functioning of 896 women diagnosed with stage I‐IV breast cancer at age 40 or younger. The Cancer Rehabilitation Evaluation System was used to evaluate women's symptoms of sexual dysfunction annually for 5 years.ResultsFive distinct trajectories of sexual functioning were identified: one asymptomatic, one minimally symptomatic, two moderately symptomatic, and one severely symptomatic trajectory. Twelve percent of women were asymptomatic throughout follow‐up. The plurality of women experienced stable mild symptoms (42%). Among those with moderate symptoms, some experienced improvement over time (22%) while others experienced deterioration (13%); 11% experienced stable severe symptoms that did not remit over time. Independent predictors of experiencing a symptomatic rather than asymptomatic trajectory (P < 0.05, two‐sided) included diagnosis with stage 2 versus 1 disease, ER positive disease treated with oophorectomy or ovarian suppression, being partnered, having anxiety, poorer body image, and greater musculoskeletal pain.ConclusionsWe identified distinct trajectories that describe the reported sexual symptoms in this cohort of young breast cancer survivors. The majority of women reported various degrees of sexual dysfunction that remained stable over the study period. There is, however, potential for improvement of moderate and severe symptoms of sexual dysfunction in early survivorship.
Self‐Assembled Fluorescent and Antibacterial GHK‐Cu Nanoparticles for Wound Healing Applications
Authors: Sun Leming , Li Aipeng , Hu Yanzi , Li Yang , Shang Li , Zhang Lianbing 
Published: February 2019

AbstractGHK‐Cu is demonstrated with the abilities to improve wound healing, accelerate anti‐inflammatory activity, and repair DNA damage. However, the instability of the GHK‐Cu in biological fluids is always a big challenge for its long‐term and efficient function at the target site. Therefore, the self‐assembled GHK‐Cu nanoparticles (GHK‐Cu NPs) are investigated in this work to solve the instability issue. The crystalline nanostructure within the GHK‐Cu nanoparticles offers them visible and near‐infrared fluorescent properties. With the excellent self‐assembly performance, the antibacterial properties of GHK‐Cu NPs are demonstrated using E. coli and S. aureus. The L929 dermal fibroblast cells are utilized to prove the good biocompatibility and enhanced wound healing applications of GHK‐Cu NPs. This study could pave the way for the design and elaboration of a new class of fluorescent peptides with various biological functions in biomedical applications.
The effects of nasal continuous positive airway pressure and high flow nasal cannula on heart rate variability in extremely preterm infants after extubation: A randomized crossover trial
Authors: Latremouille Samantha , Shalish Wissam , Kanbar Lara , Lamer Philippe , Rao Smita , Kearney Robert E. , Sant'Anna Guilherme M. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractBackgroundNCPAP and High flow nasal cannula (HFNC) are common modes of non‐invasive respiratory support used after extubation. Heart rate variability (HRV) has been demonstrated as a marker of well‐being in neonates and differences in HRV were described in preterm infants receiving respiratory care. The objective was to investigate the effects of NCPAP and HFNC on HRV after extubation.MethodsRandomized crossover trial in infants with birth weight (BW) ≤1250 g after undergoing their first elective extubation. ECG recordings were performed during 45 min while on HFNC and nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP). Time domain, non‐linear, and frequency domain parameters were calculated and compared during HFNC and NCPAP using paired nonparametric tests. A secondary analysis was performed in the subgroup of infants that were successfully extubated.ResultsThirty infants with median [range] gestational age of 27 weeks [24.1‐29.3] and BW of 930 g [610‐1220] were studied at 5 days [1‐39] of age. No differences in HRV parameters were observed between HFNC and NCPAP. In the secondary analysis, infants successfully extubated (n = 27) had a significantly higher HRV during HFNC for some time domain parameters. For instance, the standard deviation of the RR intervals (SDRR) was more likely to be higher during HFNC compared to NCPAP (HFNC: 18/27 vs NCPAP: 9/27, P = 0.017) .ConclusionDuring the first hours after extubation, no differences in HRV were detected between HFNC and NCPAP in the overall cohort. However, a significantly higher HRV was noted during HFNC in the subgroup of infants successfully extubated.
A less conservative stability criterion for sampled‐data system via a fractional‐delayed state and its state‐space model
Authors: Park JunMin , Park PooGyeon 
Published: February 2019

SummaryThis paper introduces a state‐space model based on a fractional‐delayed state for a sampled‐data system described as a linear system under aperiodic sampling intervals. The new state‐space model exploits the information on the sampled‐data system and the fractional‐delayed state, which is defined on the sampling interval. The fractional‐delayed state and its state‐space model are utilized to construct the Lyapunov functional, which consists of the traditional Lyapunov function and a looped functional whose boundary conditions are zeros at sampling instants. Based on the Lyapunov functional, a stability criterion and a robust stability criterion are derived in terms of linear matrix inequalities. Simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed criterion.
Becoming a naturalist: Interest development across the learning ecology
Authors: Hecht Marijke , Knutson Karen , Crowley Kevin 
Published: February 2019

AbstractEngagement with and study of nature is increasingly important for science literacy and civic engagement. Spurred on by challenges of the Anthropocene, many informal learning institutions are exploring how their collections, programs, and scientific expertise can be mobilized to create new naturalist learning pathways for children and youth. In this paper, we explore retrospective life histories of 18 adult naturalists to examine experiences that they recall supporting their interest development in the natural world. Drawing on interest and informal learning literature, our analysis reveals how elements across the learning ecology, including school, family, and out‐of‐school learning, work together to support the development of naturalist practices and identities. We found that interest development in nature occurred across the learning ecology and that expression of situational or individual interest depended on the participants’ age and the type of learning experience. A closer examination of three individual cases—a serious amateur naturalist, an environmental educator, and an ecologist—reveals some of the nuanced ways that interest in nature arises, is maintained, and can eventually develop into a deep, lifelong naturalist identity. We consider implications for how one might conceptualize and support informal learning pathways that involve deep engagement with and connections to nature.