bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Angularly continuous light‐field format: Concept, implementation, and evaluation
Authors: Cserkaszky Aron , Kara Peter A. , Tamboli Roopak R. , Barsi Attila , Martini Maria G. , Bokor Laszlo , Balogh Tibor 
Published: April 2019

AbstractIn this paper, we present the concept, the implementation, and the evaluation of our novel angularly continuous light‐field format. We compared the subjective visual performance of our format with the perspective camera format through a series of subjective and objective tests. In our extensive subjective study, we used multiple absolute and comparative rating scales and various visual stimuli with different contents and angular resolutions. The perceived quality was assessed by a total of 36 test participants, who were separated based on their scientific expertise. The objective quality was evaluated through the degradations caused by three well‐known compression methods. The obtained results indicate that our light‐field format may outperform the conventional format, and it generally can provide at least equivalent visual quality. Furthermore, these findings open the way for data size optimization, without compromising the achieved level of perceived quality.
Decoding the Fatty Acid Profile of Bacillus licheniformis I89 and Its Adaptation to Different Growth Conditions to Investigate Possible Biotechnological Applications
Authors: Lopes Celestina , Barbosa Joana , Maciel Elisabete , da Costa Elisabete , Alves Eliana , Ricardo Fernando , Domingues Pedro , Mendo Sónia , Domingues M. Rosário M. 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Bacillus licheniformis I89 is a Gram‐positive bacterium, a producer of the lantibiotic lichenicidin. No information is available on its fatty acid (FA) composition. Bacillus species are rich in branched FA (BrFA), claimed to be beneficial to human health and to treat diseases. Herein, the FA profile of B. licheniformis I89 was evaluated under different growth conditions: at two growth temperatures (37 and 50 °C) and at different growth phases (lag, exponential, and stationary), using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. The FA profile revealed predominant BrFA of the iso‐series and anteiso‐series (i‐15:0, ai‐15:0, i‐16:0, i‐17:0, and ai‐17:0) and low amounts of saturated FA (14:0, 16:0, and 18:0). Comparing the FA profiles at different temperatures, in the lag phase, at 50 °C, there was a decrease of ai‐17:0 and a decrease of i‐15:0 in the exponential phase, in comparison with 37 °C. In all growth phases, there was a decrease of ai‐15:0 and an increase of i‐17:0. From the lag to the stationary phase, at 50 °C, there was a decrease of ai‐17:0 and i‐16:0, whereas i‐15:0 increased, while at 37 °C, there was an increase of i‐15:0 and i‐16:0, and a decrease in ai‐15:0 and ai‐17:0. B. licheniformis I89 can adapt its FA profile, at moderate temperatures, by changing the iso‐FA and anteiso‐FA composition and the iso/anteiso ratio. This nonpathogenic bacterium species can be used as a source of BrFA with putative beneficial health effects for gut protection and with reported antitumor properties, foreseeing its use for producing compounds with biotechnological applications.
Long‐term variability in overwintering copepod populations in the Lofoten Basin: The role of the North Atlantic oscillation and trophic effects
Authors: Weidberg Nicolas , Basedow Sünnje L. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractCritical gaps in knowledge hinder our ability to infer spatiotemporal dynamics in pelagic ecosystems. In particular, environmental changes affecting key copepod species while overwintering in deep waters are still not well understood. Here, we analyzed an 11 yr time series (2000–2010) of winter (January/February) samplings in the Lofoten Basin to characterize the spatial distribution of Calanus finmarchicus overwintering abundances and to infer their long‐term temporal trends. The spatial structure of populations at depths between 700 and 900 m corresponded to mesoscale aggregations consistent with eddies in the region. Over time, increased abundances of copepods and of one of its main predators, the herring (Clupea harengus), matched a negative trend in the 7 yr lagged winter NAO index. However, this progressive climatic shift did not affect surface conditions in the region or southward but corresponded to an increase in salinity and a deepening of the vertical extension of the Atlantic Water layer. We hypothesized that this change in salinity structure across the water column increased the density contrast between copepods and ambient water masses and facilitates the ascent rates during seasonal vertical migration. We suggest a step‐wise mechanism from NAO large‐scale forcing to copepod and herring populations mediated by hydrographical changes in intermediate water masses to explain the observed trends in abundances. Thus, large‐scale, lagged climatic patterns affecting overwintering copepods might scale up to succesive trophic levels in the pelagic ecosystem.
Lithium Niobate Metasurfaces
Authors: Gao Bofeng , Ren Mengxin , Wu Wei , Hu Hui , Cai Wei , Xu Jingjun 
Published: April 2019

AbstractLithium niobate is a multi‐functional material, which has been regarded as one of the most promising platforms for the multipurpose optical components and photonic circuits. Targeting miniature optical components and systems, lithium niobate microstructures with feature sizes of several to hundreds of micrometers are demonstrated, such as waveguides, photonic crystals, micro cavities, and modulators, and so on. In order to demonstrate the possibilities toward further shrinking the footprint of the lithium niobate devices with new optical functionalities, here, subwavelength nanograting metasurfaces are fabricated based on a crystalline lithium niobate film. Due to the collective lattice interactions between isolated ridge resonances, distinct transmission spectral resonances are observed, which could be tunable by varying the structural parameters. Furthermore, the metasurfaces are capable of showing high‐efficiency transmission structural colors as a result of structural resonances and intrinsic high transparency of lithium niobate in visible spectral range. The results pave the way for new types of ultracompact photonic devices based on lithium niobate.
A comparison between the simulation and experimental results of cathodic protection of oil well casings
Authors: Ghobadi Ali H. , Allahkaram Saeed R. , Parsa Mohammad H. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractMetallic structures such as oil well casings in contact with soil or submerged under water are subject to corrosion. Leaks that develop in the casing of a well, constitute a serious problem and are expensive to repair. Cathodic protection (CP) is the cost‐effective control of external well casing corrosion. There are certain methods to ensure that the applied CP should meet the required criteria. In CP of well casings, monitoring of potential values is often based on surface E‐log I measurement which is a cost‐ and time‐consuming method. Simulation software and numerical methods often have been used to address this issue. In this paper, simulation of CP has been done by means of a computer software with finite element capability (ANSYS 11). Potential profiles were obtained by selecting different soil electrical conductivities (single‐ and multi‐layered media) and by changing applied current density values. Experimental procedure was established to determine the accuracy of simulation data. The results showed good agreement, especially in the single‐layered medium and at higher values of applied current.
Parkinson's disease age at onset genome‐wide association study: Defining heritability, genetic loci, and α‐synuclein mechanisms
Authors: Blauwendraat Cornelis , Heilbron Karl , Vallerga Costanza L. , Bandres‐Ciga Sara , von Coelln Rainer , Pihlstrøm Lasse , Simón‐Sánchez Javier , Schulte Claudia , Sharma Manu , Krohn Lynne , Siitonen Ari , Iwaki Hirotaka , Leonard Hampton , Noyce Alastair J. , Tan Manuela , Gibbs J. Raphael , Hernandez Dena G. , Scholz Sonja W. , Jankovic Joseph , Shulman Lisa M. , Lesage Suzanne , Corvol Jean‐Christophe , Brice Alexis , van Hilten Jacobus J. , Marinus Johan ,   The 23andMe Research Team, Eerola‐Rautio Johanna , Tienari Pentti , Majamaa Kari , Toft Mathias , Grosset Donald G. , Gasser Thomas , Heutink Peter , Shulman Joshua M. , Wood Nicolas , Hardy John , Morris Huw R. , Hinds David A. , Gratten Jacob , Visscher Peter M. , Gan‐Or Ziv , Nalls Mike A. , Singleton Andrew B. ,   for the International Parkinson's Disease Genomics Consortium (IPDGC)
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackgroundIncreasing evidence supports an extensive and complex genetic contribution to PD. Previous genome‐wide association studies (GWAS) have shed light on the genetic basis of risk for this disease. However, the genetic determinants of PD age at onset are largely unknown.ObjectivesTo identify the genetic determinants of PD age at onset.MethodsUsing genetic data of 28,568 PD cases, we performed a genome‐wide association study based on PD age at onset.ResultsWe estimated that the heritability of PD age at onset attributed to common genetic variation was ∼0.11, lower than the overall heritability of risk for PD (∼0.27), likely, in part, because of the subjective nature of this measure. We found two genome‐wide significant association signals, one at SNCA and the other a protein‐coding variant in TMEM175, both of which are known PD risk loci and a Bonferroni‐corrected significant effect at other known PD risk loci, GBA, INPP5F/BAG3, FAM47E/SCARB2, and MCCC1. Notably, SNCA, TMEM175, SCARB2, BAG3, and GBA have all been shown to be implicated in α‐synuclein aggregation pathways. Remarkably, other well‐established PD risk loci, such as GCH1 and MAPT, did not show a significant effect on age at onset of PD.ConclusionsOverall, we have performed the largest age at onset of PD genome‐wide association studies to date, and our results show that not all PD risk loci influence age at onset with significant differences between risk alleles for age at onset. This provides a compelling picture, both within the context of functional characterization of disease‐linked genetic variability and in defining differences between risk alleles for age at onset, or frank risk for disease. © 2019 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Aesthetic single‐stage vermilion reconstruction using facial artery musculomucosal flap and radial forearm free flap following cancer resection: A case report
Authors: Hsieh Wei‐Chuan , Tee Richard , Chang Kai‐Ping , Huang Jung‐Ju 
Published: April 2019

AbstractReconstruction of defects measuring approximately two‐thirds of the lower lip width is traditionally reconstructed utilizing loco‐regional flap utilizing lip and cheek tissues. This often results in microstomia and unsatisfactory aesthetic outcome. This may hinder the psychosocial aspect of a recovering cancer survivor. Here we describe a single‐stage reconstruction in a 79‐year‐old male patient who received lower lip resection for squamous cell carcinoma. The reconstruction was accomplished using a facial artery musculomucosal flap together with a free radial forearm flap for vermilion and soft tissue defect reconstruction after lip tumor resection with uneventful postoperative course. The patient remains disease‐free after 2‐year follow‐up and does not require revision surgeries for functional or aesthetic reason. This approach may be considered a good option for reconstruction of missing lip and soft tissue simultaneously when the facial vessels are well‐preserved during neck dissection. Aesthetically pleasing and functionally satisfactory outcomes may be produced.
In vivo imaging of insulin‐secreting human pancreatic ductal cells using MRI reporter gene technique: A feasibility study
Authors: Wu Menq‐Rong , Hsiao Jong‐Kai , Liu Hon‐Man , Huang Yi‐You , Tseng Yu‐Jui , Chou Pi‐Tai , Weng Te‐I , Yang Chung‐Yi 
Published: April 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to investigate the feasibility of in vivo imaging of human pancreatic ductal cells by OATP1B3 reporter gene under MRI.MethodsA human cell line (PANC‐1) derived from the pancreatic ductal epithelium was used in this study. After transduction of OATP1B3, the cellular physiological functions and the ability of intracellular uptake of the MRI contrast medium (Gd‐EOB‐DTPA) were examined. Induced differentiation of the PANC‐1 cells into hormone‐secreting cells were performed to simulate pancreatic β‐like cells. The hormone‐secreting cells were implanted into rats and in vivo MRI was evaluated.ResultsThe mRNA and proteins of OATP1B3 were highly expressed. No significant change of cellular physiological functions was found after the expression. After induced differentiation, the hormone secretion capacities of the OATP1B3‐expressing PANC‐1 cells were confirmed. Intra‐cellular uptake of Gd‐EOB‐DTPA was determined in vitro by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and MRI. In vivo MRI of the OATP1B3‐expressing xenograft revealed an increased signal intensity after contrast enhancement.ConclusionOATP1B3 can be used as a safe and feasible in vivo MRI gene reporter for human pancreatic ductal cells.
Magnetic resonance elastography of brain: Comparison between anisotropic and isotropic stiffness and its correlation to age
Authors: Kalra Prateek , Raterman Brian , Mo Xiaokui , Kolipaka Arunark 
Published: April 2019

PurposeNoninvasive measurement of mechanical properties of brain tissue using magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) has been a promising method for investigating neurologic disorders such as multiple sclerosis, hydrocephalus, and Alzheimer’s. However, because of the regional and directional dependency of brain stiffness, estimating anisotropic stiffness is important. This study investigates isotropic and anisotropic stiffness as a function of age as well as the correlation between isotropic and anisotropic stiffness.MethodsMRE and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) were performed on 28 healthy subjects with age ranges between 18–62 y. Isotropic and anisotropic stiffness was measured and compared with age for different regions of interest such as the thalamus, corpus callosum, gray matter, white matter, and whole brain.ResultsIsotropic stiffness in gray matter (rs = −0.57; P = 0.001) showed a significant decrease with age. Anisotropic stiffness in gray matter showed a significant decrease with age in C11 through C66 and in the thalamus, only in C33. Between anisotropic and isotropic stiffness, gray matter showed a significant positive correlation in C11 through C66, C22 and C66 showed a significant negative correlation in the thalamus and whole brain, and C44 showed a negative correlation in the corpus callosum. No significant difference between genders was observed in any measurements.ConclusionThis study demonstrated a change in isotropic and anisotropic stiffness with age in different regions of the brain along with a correlation of anisotropic stiffness to isotropic stiffness.
Integration of a Galdieria plasma membrane sugar transporter enables heterotrophic growth of the obligate photoautotrophic red alga Cynanidioschyzon merolae
Authors: Fujiwara Takayuki , Hirooka Shunsuke , Mukai Mizuna , Ohbayashi Ryudo , kanesaki Yu , Watanabe Satoru , Miyagishima Shin‐ya 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe unicellular thermoacidophilic red alga Cyanidioschyzon merolae is an emerging model organism of photosynthetic eukaryotes. Its relatively simple genome (16.5 Mbp) with very low‐genetic redundancy and its cellular structure possessing one chloroplast, mitochondrion, peroxisome, and other organelles have facilitated studies. In addition, this alga is genetically tractable, and the nuclear and chloroplast genomes can be modified by integration of transgenes via homologous recombination. Recent studies have attempted to clarify the structure and function of the photosystems of this alga. However, it is difficult to obtain photosynthesis‐defective mutants for molecular genetic studies because this organism is an obligate autotroph. To overcome this issue in C. merolae, we expressed a plasma membrane sugar transporter, GsSPT1, from Galdieria sulphuraria, which is an evolutionary relative of C. merolae and capable of heterotrophic growth. The heterologously expressed GsSPT1 localized at the plasma membrane. GsSPT1 enabled C. merolae to grow mixotrophically and heterotrophically, in which cells grew in the dark with glucose or in the light with a photosynthetic inhibitor 3‐(3,4‐dichlorophenyl)‐1,1‐dimethylurea (DCMU) and glucose. When the GsSPT1 transgene multiplied on the C. merolae chromosome via the URACm‐Gs selection marker, which can multiply itself and its flanking transgene, GsSPT1 protein level increased and the heterotrophic and mixotrophic growth of the transformant accelerated. We also found that GsSPT1 overexpressing C. merolae efficiently formed colonies on solidified medium under light with glucose and DCMU. Thus, GsSPT1 overexpresser will facilitate single colony isolation and analyses of photosynthesis‐deficient mutants produced either by random or site‐directed mutagenesis. In addition, our results yielded evidence supporting that the presence or absence of plasma membrane sugar transporters is a major cause of difference in trophic properties between C. merolae and G. sulphuraria.
Cysteine Induced Chiral Morphology in Palladium Nanoparticle
Authors: Cho Nam Heon , Lee Hye‐Eun , Ahn Hyo‐Yong , Lee Yoon Young , Im Sang Won , Kim Hyeohn , Nam Ki Tae 
Published: April 2019

AbstractNew morphology of palladium nanoparticles is demonstrated by utilizing the interaction of amino acid and palladium metallic surface. Chiral cysteine molecules induce chiral spiral structure evolution. The resulting spiral palladium nanoparticles show rotational direction preference with respect to the handedness of the added cysteine molecule. The strong correlation of the resulting morphologies with surfactant and cysteine concentration exists for effective generation of chirality. Synthesized chiral palladium nanoparticles are around 100 nm sized cubic based nanoparticles with each face of the cube containing a spiral structure. Generation of nanoparticle morphology is studied through growth of time‐dependent morphology evolution with statistical analysis of spiral structure formation. The reported synthesis method can provide a new route to nanomaterial design for enantioselective catalysis and sensing.
Structural differences between the ectodomains of murine and human CD98hc
Authors: Deuschle Friedrich‐Christian , Schiefner André , Skerra Arne 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe CD98 heavy chain (CD98hc) constitutes both a promising cell surface target for the treatment of cancers and a transcytosis receptor potentially useful for the brain delivery of therapeutics. However, pharmacokinetic studies and safety assessment of cognate antibodies or nonimmunoglobulin binding proteins in rodents is hampered by cross‐species variability of both amino acid sequence and glycosylation pattern. Here, we report the crystal structure of the murine CD98hc extracellular domain and a comprehensive comparison with its human ortholog, revealing only one conserved surface patch that is neither shielded by glycosylation nor by the cell membrane with an accessible surface area typical for an antibody epitope. Our results imply the necessity of a surrogate approach for CD98hc‐specific binding proteins with predictive power for clinical investigations.
Actual and ideal fertility differential among natives, immigrants, and descendants of immigrants in a northeastern state of India
Authors: Saikia Nandita , Moradhvaj  , Saha Apala , Chutia Utpal 
Published: April 2019

AbstractLittle research has been conducted on the native‐immigrant fertility differential in low‐income settings. The objective of our paper is to examine the actual and ideal fertility differential of native and immigrant families in Assam. We used the data from a primary quantitative survey carried out in 52 villages in five districts of Assam during 2014–2015. We performed bivariate analysis and used a multilevel mixed‐effects linear regression model to analyse the actual and ideal fertility differential by type of village. The average number of children ever‐born is the lowest in native villages in contrast to the highest average number of children ever‐born in immigrant villages. The likelihood of having more children is also the highest among women in immigrant villages. However, the effect of religion surpasses the effect of the type of village the women reside in.
Cooperative tracking control for general linear multiagent systems with directed intermittent communications: An artificial delay approach
Authors: Cui Bing , Xia Yuanqing , Liu Kun , Zhang Jinhui 
Published: April 2019

SummaryThis paper investigates the consensus tracking problem for general linear multiagent systems on directed graph containing a spanning tree. For the considered linear systems, the consensus tracking aim cannot be achieved by using only memoryless static relative output feedbacks. Of particular interest is that both current and delayed relative output information of agents are required to achieve consensus. For the case of continuous communication among agents, an artificial delay output feedback control method is proposed. By utilizing the Taylor representation for the delayed signal with the remainder in the integral form, a delay‐dependent sufficient condition is presented to guarantee the exponential convergence of the global tracking error systems. For the intermittent case, the consensus tracking performance can still be guaranteed based on a multiple graph‐dependent Lyapunov functionals method. It is theoretically revealed that the time delay plays a key role in the exponential convergence of the closed‐loop systems, and the definite relationships among the time delay, network structure, communication rate, and consensus convergence rate are also provided. The effectiveness of the proposed control scheme is confirmed by numerical simulations.
Robust economic model predictive control based on a periodicity constraint
Authors: Wang Ye , Muñoz de la Peña David , Puig Vicenç , Cembrano Gabriela 
Published: April 2019

SummaryThis paper proposes robust economic model predictive control based on a periodicity constraint for linear systems subject to unknown‐but‐bounded additive disturbances. In this economic MPC design, a periodic steady‐state trajectory is not required and thus assumed unknown, which precludes the use of enforcing terminal state constraints as in other standard economic formulations. Instead, based on the desired periodicity of system operation, we optimize the economic performance over a set of periodic trajectories that include the current state. To achieve robust constraint satisfaction, we use a tube‐based technique in the economic MPC formulation. The mismatches between the nominal model and the closed‐loop system with perturbations are limited using a local control law. With the proposed robust tube‐based strategy, recursive feasibility is guaranteed. Moreover, under a convexity assumption, the closed‐loop convergence of the closed‐loop system is analyzed, and an optimality certificate is provided to check if the closed‐loop trajectory reaches a neighborhood of the optimal nominal periodic steady trajectory using Karush‐Kuhn‐Tucker optimality conditions. Finally, through numerical examples, we show the effectiveness of the proposed approach.