bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Infant feeding practices and determinant variables for early complementary feeding in the first 8 months of life: results from the Brazilian MAL-ED cohort site
Authors: Maciel BLL , Moraes ML , Soares AM , Cruz IFS , de Andrade MIR , Filho JQ , Junior FS , Costa PN , Abreu CB , Ambikapathi R , Guerrant RL , Caulfield LE , Lima AAM 
Published: April 2018

AbstractObjectiveThe present study aimed to describe breast-feeding, complementary feeding and determining factors for early complementary feeding from birth to 8 months of age in a typical Brazilian low-income urban community.DesignA birth cohort was conducted (n 233), with data collection twice weekly, allowing close observation of breast-feeding, complementary feeding introduction and description of the WHO core indicators on infant and young child feeding. Infant feeding practices were related to socio-economic status (SES), assessed by Water/sanitation, wealth measured by a set of eight Assets, Maternal education and monthly household Income (WAMI index). Two logistic regression models were constructed to evaluate risk factors associated with early complementary feeding.ResultsBased on twice weekly follow-up, 65 % of the children received exclusive breast-feeding in the first month of life and 5 % in the sixth month. Complementary feeding was offered in the first month: 29 % of the children received water, 15 % infant formulas, 13 % other milks and 9·4 % grain-derived foods. At 6 months, dietary diversity and minimum acceptable diet were both 47 % and these increased to 69 % at 8 months. No breast-feeding within the first hour of birth was a risk factor for the early introduction of water (adjusted OR=4·68; 95 % CI 1·33, 16·47) and low WAMI index a risk factor for the early introduction of other milks (adjusted OR=0·00; 95 % CI 0·00, 0·02).ConclusionsData suggest local policies should promote: (i) early breast-feeding initiation; (ii) SES, considering maternal education, income and household conditions; (iii) timely introduction of complementary feeding; and (iv) dietary diversity.
The Skin of Spectral Time in Grisey'sLe Noir de l’Étoile
Authors: EXARCHOS DIMITRIS 
Published: April 2018

AbstractFollowing the aesthetics of pure continuity in the late 1970s, Grisey moved on to compose for unpitched percussion inTempus ex Machina, focusing on pure rhythm. Shortly afterwards he elaborated on his theory of temporality in a talk and article of the same title; one decade later, he includedTempusas the first movement ofLe Noir de l’Étoile. Grisey insisted on the significance of the perception of musical time, of theskinof time – as opposed to itsskeletonorflesh. This article puts forward an interpretation of Grisey's thinking of temporality, drawing on concepts from French philosophy. It further provides an analysis of two sections ofLe Noir, tracing these concepts in the structuring of musical time, with a view to providing a possible direction towards a re-definition of spectral time.
Heard Utopia vs Utopian Hearing: Haas'sin vainand Political Ambivalence in New Music
Authors: SILVA MAX 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThis article examines Haas's politically programmatic workin vainin relation to a later essay wherein Haas disavows politically motivated composition. The first section investigates Haas's allegation thatin vain’s ideological failure is due to its politically inappropriate semantic richness. Yet multiple interpretive passes through the piece show thatin vainfails to be ideologically straightforward only because of a deeper ethical commitment to an aesthetics of defamiliarization. In the second section, I show how the basic political narrative is complicated by the estranging effect of darkness; in the third section, I align Haas's aesthetics with a post-Spectral ethics, and consider how the narrative meaning of overtone chords is complicated by their potential for challenging preconceived categories of listening. The final section returns to the essay and its blind spot for this deeper ethical aesthetics that obscuresin vain’s ideological clarity, speculating that Haas's omission betrays hidden anxieties about the modernist ethical project.
Musical Spectra,l'espace sensibleand Contemporary Opera
Authors: CROSS JONATHAN 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe appearance of thecorps sonoreat a key dramatic moment in Rameau'sPygmalion(1748) opens up anespace sensible(a term borrowed from Michel Leiris) where sounds derived from the harmonic series can articulate transformed temporal and spatial environments. Thecorps sonore– rediscovered and repurposed by the spectral movement of the 1970s – reappears in a number of twenty-first-century operas in order to animate a late-modern sense of theespace sensible. Instead of crossing a threshold towards the transcendent, the seemingly immobilecorps sonorecan now represent a modernist sense of loss, death, exile, ruin, and failure. Michaël Levinas's 2010 operatic reinterpretation of Kafka'sMetamorphosisstands as an exemplar of the ways in which the spectrum of sound (here the voice of the ‘becoming-animal’ Gregor Samsa metamorphosed by electronic means) can create a ‘deterritorialized’ space of alienation. Liminal, spectral spaces in works by Dufourt, Grisey, Haas, Harvey, Murail, and Saariaho are also discussed.
Source Apportionment of PM2.5 Using Hourly Measurements of Elemental Tracers and Major Constituents in an Urban Environment: Investigation of Time‐Resolution Influence
Authors: Wang Qiongqiong , Qiao Liping , Zhou Min , Zhu Shuhui , Griffith Stephen , Li Li , Yu Jian Zhen 
Published: April 2018

AbstractWe demonstrate with field data the benefit of using high‐time‐resolution chemical speciation data in achieving more robust source apportionment of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) using positive matrix factorization (PMF). Hourly composition data were collected over a month in Shanghai, including four inorganic ions, 13 elements, organic, and elemental carbon. PMF analysis of the hourly data set (PMF1h) resolves eight factors: secondary nitrate/sulfate, vehicular/industrial emissions, coal combustion, secondary sulfate, tire wear, Cr and Ni point source, residual oil combustion, and dust, with the first three being the major ones and each contributing to >20% of PM2.5 mass. To characterize the benefit gained from time resolution, we carried out separate PMF analyses of 4‐ and 6‐hr averaged data of the same data set (PMF6h and PMF4h). PMF6h and PMF4h produce an eight‐factor solution sharing similar factors to those by PMF1h but show less stability and more mixing in source profiles. Profile mixing was especially noticeable for tire wear, coal combustion, and Cr and Ni point source in PMF6h, as the 6‐hr averaging significantly decreased between‐sample variability and increased rotational ambiguity. While the three sets of PMF solutions were similar in contributions for factors with major species as source markers (e.g., secondary nitrate/sulfate), larger variations existed for factors with trace species as markers due to mixing of major species in the profiles and higher rotational uncertainties in PMF4h and PMF6h. Our results indicate that hourly time series of elements and major components could achieve more robust source apportionment through better capturing of diurnal‐scale dynamics in source activities.
Modeled Postglacial Landscape Evolution at the Southern Margin of the Laurentide Ice Sheet: Hydrological Connection of Uplands Controls the Pace and Style of Fluvial Network Expansion
Authors: Lai Jingtao , Anders Alison M. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractLandscapes of the U.S. Central Lowland were repeatedly affected by the Laurentide Ice Sheet. Glacial processes diminished relief and disrupted drainage networks. Deep valleys carved by meltwater were disconnected from the surrounding uplands. The upland area lacking surface water connection to the drainage network is referred to as noncontributing area (NCA). Decreasing fractions of NCA on older surfaces suggest that NCA becomes drained over time. We propose that the integration could occur via (1) capture of NCA as channels propagate into the upland or (2) subsurface or intermittent surface connection of NCA to external drainage networks providing increased discharge to promote channel incision. We refer the two cases as “disconnected” and “connected” since the crucial difference between them is the hydrological connection of the upland to external drainage. We investigate the differences in evolution and morphology of channel networks in low‐relief landscapes under disconnected and connected regimes using numerical simulations. We observe substantially faster rates of erosion and integration of the channel network in the connected case. The connected case also creates longer, more sinuous channels than the disconnected case. Sensitivity tests indicate that hillslope diffusivity has little influence on the evolution and morphology. The fluvial erosion coefficient has significant impact on the rate of evolution, and it influences the morphology to a lesser extent. Our results and a qualitative comparison with landscapes of the glaciated U.S. Central Lowland suggest that connection of NCAs is a potential control on the evolution and morphology of postglacial landscapes.
Assessing Short‐Term Impacts of Management Practices on N2O Emissions From Diverse Mediterranean Agricultural Ecosystems Using a Biogeochemical Model
Authors: Deng Jia , Li Changsheng , Burger Martin , Horwath William R. , Smart David , Six Johan , Guo Lei , Salas William , Frolking Steve 
Published: April 2018

AbstractCroplands are important sources of nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions. The lack of both long‐term field measurements and reliable methods for extrapolating these measurements has resulted in a large uncertainty in quantifying and mitigating N2O emissions from croplands. This is especially relevant in regions where cropping systems and farming management practices (FMPs) are diverse. In this study, a process‐based biogeochemical model, DeNitrification‐DeComposition (DNDC), was tested against N2O measurements from five cropping systems (alfalfa, wheat, lettuce, vineyards, and almond orchards) representing diverse environmental conditions and FMPs. The model tests indicated that DNDC was capable of predicting seasonal and annual total N2O emissions from these cropping systems, and the model's performance was better than the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change emission factor approach. DNDC also captured the impacts on N2O emissions of nitrogen fertilization for wheat and lettuce, of stand age for alfalfa, as well as the spatial variability of N2O fluxes in vineyards and orchards. DNDC overestimated N2O fluxes following some heavy rainfall events. To reduce the biases of simulating N2O fluxes following heavy rainfall, studies should focus on clarifying mechanisms controlling impacts of environmental factors on denitrification. DNDC was then applied to assess the impacts on N2O emissions of FMPs, including tillage, fertilization, irrigation, and management of cover crops. The practices that can mitigate N2O emissions include reduced or no tillage, reduced N application rates, low‐volume irrigation, and cultivation of nonleguminous cover crops. This study demonstrates the necessity and potential of utilizing process‐based models to quantify N2O emissions from regions with highly diverse cropping systems.
Hydrography‐Driven Coarsening of Grid Digital Elevation Models
Authors: Moretti Giovanni , Orlandini Stefano 
Published: April 2018

AbstractA new grid coarsening strategy, denoted as hydrography‐driven coarsening, is developed in the present study. The hydrography‐driven coarsening is designed to retain the essential hydrographic features of valleys and channels observed in high‐resolution digital elevation models: (1) depressions are filled in the considered high‐resolution digital elevation model, (2) the obtained topographic data are used to extract a reference grid network composed of all surface flow paths, (3) the Horton order is assigned to each link of the reference grid network, and (4) within each coarse grid cell, the elevation of the point lying along the highest‐order path of the reference grid network and displaying the minimum distance to the cell center is assigned to this coarse grid cell center. The capabilities of the hydrography‐driven coarsening to provide consistent surface flow paths with respect to those observed in high‐resolution digital elevation models are evaluated over a synthetic valley and two real drainage basins located in the Italian Alps and in the Italian Apennines. The hydrography‐driven coarsening is found to yield significantly more accurate valley and channel profiles than existing coarsening strategies. In absolute terms, the obtained valleys and channels compare favorably with those observed. In addition, the proposed coarsening strategy is found to reduce drastically the impact of depression‐filling in the obtained coarse digital elevation models. The hydrography‐driven coarsening strategy is therefore advocated for all those cases in which the relief of the extracted drainage network is an important hydrographic feature.
Global Estimates of River Flow Wave Travel Times and Implications for Low‐Latency Satellite Data
Authors: Allen George H. , David Cédric H. , Andreadis Konstantinos M. , Hossain Faisal , Famiglietti James S. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractEarth‐orbiting satellites provide valuable observations of upstream river conditions worldwide. These observations can be used in real‐time applications like early flood warning systems and reservoir operations, provided they are made available to users with sufficient lead time. Yet the temporal requirements for access to satellite‐based river data remain uncharacterized for time‐sensitive applications. Here we present a global approximation of flow wave travel time to assess the utility of existing and future low‐latency/near‐real‐time satellite products, with an emphasis on the forthcoming SWOT satellite mission. We apply a kinematic wave model to a global hydrography data set and find that global flow waves traveling at their maximum speed take a median travel time of 6, 4, and 3 days to reach their basin terminus, the next downstream city, and the next downstream dam, respectively. Our findings suggest that a recently proposed ≤2‐day data latency for a low‐latency SWOT product is potentially useful for real‐time river applications.
Improved techniques for preparing eigenstates of fermionic Hamiltonians
Authors: Berry Dominic W. , Kieferová Mária , Scherer Artur , Sanders Yuval R. , Low Guang Hao , Wiebe Nathan , Gidney Craig , Babbush Ryan 
Published: April 2018

AbstractModeling low energy eigenstates of fermionic systems can provide insight into chemical reactions and material properties and is one of the most anticipated applications of quantum computing. We present three techniques for reducing the cost of preparing fermionic Hamiltonian eigenstates using phase estimation. First, we report a polylogarithmic-depth quantum algorithm for antisymmetrizing the initial states required for simulation of fermions in first quantization. This is an exponential improvement over the previous state-of-the-art. Next, we show how to reduce the overhead due to repeated state preparation in phase estimation when the goal is to prepare the ground state to high precision and one has knowledge of an upper bound on the ground state energy that is less than the excited state energy (often the case in quantum chemistry). Finally, we explain how one can perform the time evolution necessary for the phase estimation based preparation of Hamiltonian eigenstates with exactly zero error by using the recently introduced qubitization procedure.
Characterisation of Lamp2-deficient rats for potential new animal model of Danon disease
Authors: Ma Shuoyi , Zhang Miao , Zhang Shuai , Wang Jing , Zhou Xia , Guo Guanya , Wang Lu , Wang Min , Peng Zhengwu , Guo Changcun , Zheng Xiaohong , Zhou Xinmin , Wang Jingbo , Han Ying 
Published: April 2018

AbstractDanon disease (DD) is caused by the absence or malfunction of lysosomal-associated membrane protein 2 (LAMP2). Although Lamp2-deficient mice and DD patients have similar characteristics, these mice have clear limitations and are clinically inconsistent. The aim of our paper is to outline the characteristics of Lamp2-deficient rats and to contrast this model with currently available DD mouse models. The baseline levels of some serum enzymes were elevated in Lamp2y/− rats along with hypercholesterolemia and hyperglycaemia at 8 weeks. Echocardiography showed that IVSd (1.500 ± 0.071 vs. 2.200 ± 1.147, P < 0.01) and LVPWd (1.575 ± 0.063 vs. 1.850 ± 0.029, P < 0.01) were significantly increased, and GCS (−13.20 ± 0.4814 vs. −6.954 ± 0.665) and GRS (21.42 ± 1.807 vs. 7.788 ± 1.140) were sharply decreased. Meanwhile, substantial myocyte disruption, hypertrophic muscle fibres, interstitial fibrosis and microvascular hyperplasia could be observed in the heart tissue. Lamp2y/− rats also displayed abnormal behaviours in the open field and fear conditioning tests. Notably, Lamp2y/− rats manifested other system dysfunctions, such as retinopathy, chronic kidney injury and sterility. Based on these results, Lamp2-deficient rats exhibited greater similarity to DD patients in terms of onset and multisystem lesions than did mouse models, and these rats could be used as a valuable animal model for DD.
Hyperosmotic tolerance of adult fish and early embryos are determined by discrete, single loci in the genus Oryzias
Authors: Myosho Taijun , Takahashi Hideya , Yoshida Kento , Sato Tadashi , Hamaguchi Satoshi , Sakamoto Tatsuya , Sakaizumi Mitsuru 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe acquisition of environmental osmolality tolerance traits in individuals and gametes is an important event in the evolution and diversification of organisms. Although teleost fish exhibit considerable intra- and interspecific variation in salinity tolerance, the genetic mechanisms underlying this trait remain unclear. Oryzias celebensis survives in sea and fresh water during both the embryonic and adult stages, whereas its close relative Oryzias woworae cannot survive in sea water at either stage. A linkage analysis using backcross progeny identified a single locus responsible for adult hyperosmotic tolerance on a fused chromosome that corresponds to O. latipes linkage groups (LGs) 6 and 23. Conversely, O. woworae eggs fertilised with O. celebensis sperm died in sea water at the cleavage stages, whereas O. celebensis eggs fertilised with O. woworae sperm developed normally, demonstrating that maternal factor(s) from O. celebensis are responsible for hyperosmotic tolerance during early development. A further linkage analysis using backcrossed females revealed a discrete single locus relating to the maternal hyperosmotic tolerance factor in a fused chromosomal region homologous to O. latipes LGs 17 and 19. These results indicate that a maternal factor governs embryonic hyperosmotic tolerance and maps to a locus distinct from that associated with adult hyperosmotic tolerance.
In Vitro and In Vivo Characterization of PCC0104005, a Novel Modulator of Serotonin-Dopamine Activity, as an Atypical Antipsychotic Drug
Authors: Xu Yanan , Zhu Xiaoyin , Wang Hongbo , Sun Shanyue , Yue Xin , Tian Jingwei 
Published: April 2018

AbstractPCC0104005 is a novel drug candidate for treating schizophrenia that displays high affinity for serotonin, dopamine, and noradrenaline receptors, including partial agonism at dopamine D2, D3, D4, serotonin 5-HT1A, and 5-HT2A receptors and antagonism at 5-HT2B, 5-HT6, and 5-HT7 receptors. PCC0104005 blocks MK-801-induced hyperactivity in rats, consistent with the reduction in dopamine D2 receptor stimulation and increased dopamine release in the medial prefrontal cortex. PCC0104005 inhibits 5-HTP-induced head twitches in rats, due to its moderate affinity for human 5-HT2A receptors (Ki = 5.1 nM). PCC0104005 significantly reduced the escape latency of rats and improved the MK-801-induced memory impairment. In the object recognition experiment, PCC0104005 significantly improved the recognition disorder induced by MK-801. PCC0104005 did not significantly increase the plasma prolactin level, which is thought to be related to the preferential affinity of PCC0104005 for dopamine D2 receptors compared with 5-HT1A receptors, as well as the relative antagonistic activity toward the D2 receptor. Due to its 5-HT1A agonism, PCC0104005 does not produce catalepsy in mice, a behaviour predictive of the occurrence of extra-pyramidal syndrome (EPS) in humans. PCC0104005 has unique affinities for dopamine receptors and serotonin receptors, which may lead to clinical advantages, as well as fewer adverse reactions.
Surgical navigation improves reductions accuracy of unilateral complicated zygomaticomaxillary complex fractures: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Zhang Xiao , Ye Lanfeng , Li Hui , Wang Yi , Dilxat Dilnur , Liu Weilong , Chen Yuanwei , Liu Lei 
Published: April 2018

AbstractAccurate reduction is the key to successful treatment of bone fractures. Complicated zygomaticomaxillary complex fracture, known as one of the most challenging facial bone fractures, is often hard to achieve an accurate reduction, thus leading to facial deformity. In this study, twenty patients with unilateral complicated zygomaticomaxillary complex fractures were included and randomly divided into experimental and control groups, which is with and without the aid of surgical navigation, respectively. The pre- and postoperative imaging data were collected and then analysed using Geomagic Studio 11 software and Brainlab iPlan CMF 3.0. A more precise reduction was showed in the experimental group according to the measurement results of both software programmes than in the control group. In conclusion, surgical navigation showed great value in performing accurate reductions of complicated zygomaticomaxillary complex fractures and restoring facial contour.
The effect of N-ethyl-N-hydroxyethyl perfluorooctanoamide on wettability alteration of shale reservoir
Authors: Li Yongfei , Wang Yanling , Wang Kun , Gomado Foster , Wang Gangxiao , Tang Longhao , Rong Xufeng 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe wettability of the formation is critical for the flow back of the fracturing fluid and can further affect the gas production. So it is very necessary to study the wettability of shale reservoir. Here, a novel fluorocarbon surfactant, N-ethyl-N-hydroxyethyl perfluorooctanoamide, was synthesized and characterized by different methods. the contact angles of water and n-decane on the shale increased from 36° and 0° to 121° and 105°, respectively, after treated by N-ethyl-N-hydroxyethyl perfluorooctanoamide (0.5 wt.%). The surface free energy reduced from 72 mN/m to 7.4 mN/m. The results agreed with that of imbibition and capillary tube rise test. Additionally, the analysis of scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) showed that the roughness of shale surface remarkably increased. These results fully proved that the shale wettability is changed to super gas-wetting. Besides, the thermal analysis revealed that the novel fluorocarbon surfactant has good thermal stability. This indicates that it can be better applied to reservoir modifications at higher temperatures.