bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors Associated With Reflective Practice Among Specialist Nurses in China: A Latent Profile Analysis
Authors: Xu Lichun , Lin Liyu , Guan Aixuan , Wang Qingqing , Lin Feng , Lin Weicong , Li Jing 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTAimThe objective of this study was to investigate the level of reflective practice and its influencing factors among specialist nurses in Chinese tertiary general hospitals.DesignA cross‐sectional study design was adopted.MethodsA General Information Questionnaire and a Reflective Practice Questionnaire were distributed from July to August 2023 to specialist nurses who had obtained a Certificate of Nursing Practice, completed systematic specialist nurse training and were professionally qualified in six tertiary general hospitals in Xiamen, China.ResultsA total of 344 specialist nurses participated in the study. Specialist nurses' reflective practice was categorised into four potential characteristics. According to univariate analysis, reflective practice of specialist nurses was associated with marital status, participation in nursing consultations, feelings of lack of competence, perceived low patient recognition of specialist nurses, and perceived low physician recognition of specialist nurses. In the ordered logistic analysis, marital status and whether or not to participate in nursing consultations were influential factors in the reflective practice of specialist nurses.ConclusionBased on the results of this study, we recommend that nursing administrators should take some steps to improve reflective practice among specialist nurses.
Emerging Applications of Smart Hydrogel Nanocomposites in 3D Printing
Authors: Heidari Mohammad , Shahi Farangis , Afshar Hana , Nobre Marcos A. L. , Dawi Elmuez A. , Khonakdar Hossein Ali 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThis review provides a comprehensive overview of the emerging applications of stimuli‐responsive hydrogels in 3D printing, emphasizing their transformative potential in creating adaptive and multifunctional structures. Stimuli‐responsive hydrogels, including magneto‐, thermo‐, pH‐, moisture‐, solvent‐, and photo‐responsive varieties, have gained significant attention due to their ability to undergo dynamic changes in response to specific environmental stimuli. The review begins by exploring the fundamental characteristics and fabrication methods of hydrogels used in additive manufacturing, highlighting their exceptional adaptability and programmability. It then delves into various applications across diverse fields, including soft robotics, tissue engineering, drug delivery systems, wearable electronics, food technology, electromagnetic interference shielding, and anti‐counterfeiting technologies. By integrating the latest advancements in 3D printing techniques, this review aims to offer insights into how stimuli‐responsive hydrogels are enabling the development of innovative, intelligent, and environmentally responsive systems. The future perspectives section discusses challenges and opportunities for advancing the use of hydrogels in 3D printing, suggesting directions for future research that could push the boundaries of functional materials and programmable structures.
Rational Design of Hot‐Melt Biodegradable Tissue Adhesive for Bone Fracture Repair
Authors: Shem Tov Orel , Dotan Ana L. , Lewitus Dan Y. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBiodegradable bone adhesives can be an effective alternative to metallic implants for stabilizing bone fractures, promoting healing, and restoring full function and mobility. Nonetheless, achieving strong adhesion to the bone under physiological conditions is complex. Herein, a polymer‐based hot‐melt biodegradable bone‐tissue adhesive was developed for bone fracture repair to provide strong bone adhesion in physiological (wet) conditions and is easy to apply. The incorporation of 3,4‐dihydroxyhydrocinnamic acid (HCA) and monobasic calcium phosphate monohydrate (MCPM) into the poly(ε‐caprolactone) (PCL) matrix via melt blending demonstrated successful adhesion of bovine bone slices under wet conditions. A mixture design of experiments was applied to optimize the adhesive formulation to maximize adhesion strength while minimizing the adhesive's melting temperature (Tm). The optimized composition of 50% PCL, 25% HCA, 25% MCPM achieved a Tm of 52°C ± 0.6°C and a lap shear adhesion strength of 294 ± 88 kPa after 30 min and 226 ± 51 kPa after 2 h of application. Time‐dependent oscillatory shear measurements revealed that HCA prolongs the setting time while MCPM reduces it. Furthermore, in vivo feasibility testing demonstrated successful adhesion of fractured bones. The hot‐melt adhesive represents a promising approach toward bone fracture repair.
The Impact of Social Stress on Trustworthiness Judgments in Schizophrenia
Authors: Čavojská Natália , Ivančík Vladimír , Straková Alexandra , Januška Jakub , Dančík Daniel , Vašečková Barbora , Forgáčová Ľubica , Krajčovičová Dana , Kraus Jakub , Pečeňák Ján , Heretik Anton , Hajdúk Michal 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThe present study examines the impact of induced social stress on facial trustworthiness judgments in individuals with schizophrenia (SCZ) and the associations between symptoms and trustworthiness ratings. Thirty‐three individuals with SCZ and forty healthy controls (HC) were asked to rate the trustworthiness of 24 digitally morphed faces in two counterbalanced conditions. Mild social stress was induced by listening to loud noises from a busy street. BPRS, CAPE‐42, and the Paranoia Scale measured the severity of symptoms. We did not observe significant differences in trustworthiness judgments between the patient and control groups. Social stress did not impact trust judgments. Paranoia was negatively connected to trustworthiness ratings in the control group. Subjective rating of stress in noise condition was negatively associated with paranoia only in the control sample. In the patient group, a negative correlation was found between trustworthiness ratings in stress conditions and the severity of self‐reported negative symptoms. Our results suggest that mild social stress does not significantly affect trustworthiness judgments in either patients with SCZ or in HC. Differences between the patient and control groups in trustworthiness judgments were negligible. Overall, the results of this study can be considered mainly negative and contrast with previous studies. The stress induction paradigm or a smaller sample size might cause observed results. In controls, biased face perception was linked to trait paranoia. By contrast, in SCZ, other factors might impact trust perception and need further examination.
Systemic Factors Associated With Student Psychological Well‐Being: The Qualitative Experience of School Professionals
Authors: Michaud Rachel , Montreuil Tina C. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTGiven the prevalence of mental health challenges in children and the significant time they spend in school, teachers play a critical role in identifying and addressing the socio‐emotional needs of their students. This instrumental case study consulted a group of 14 school personnel (eight teachers, four resource teachers, and two administrators) from the greater Montreal area on key factors influencing the psychological well‐being of school‐aged children. Thematic analysis of the data was conducted using a social constructivist conceptual framework. Findings discuss participants' perspectives on parental involvement, lack of resources, and facilitating agents. Both too little and too much parental involvement were identified as predictors of child outcomes. Teachers described challenges in meeting their students' various needs with the available resources. Specifically, they attributed difficulties to a frequent lack of availability of support staff who are often equally overworked, particularly in low‐income settings. Lastly, participants discussed the importance of clearly defined roles, interventions, and cohesive teamwork as facilitating agents. Considering the mental health needs present in schools, promoting a healthy and cohesive school environment in which teachers feel supported and valued can play a crucial role in the social‐emotional and psychological development of all children.
Reduction of Chemokine CXCL9 Expression by Omega‐3 Fatty Acids via ADP‐Ribosylhydrolase ARH3 in MIN6 Insulin‐Producing Cells
Authors: You Youngki , Sarkar Soumyadeep , Deiter Cailin , Elliott Emily C. , Nicora Carrie D. , Mirmira Raghavendra G. , Sussel Lori , Nakayasu Ernesto S. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTType 1 diabetes (T1D) results from the autoimmune destruction of the insulin‐producing β cells of the pancreas. Omega‐3 fatty acids protect β cells and reduce the incidence of T1D, but the mechanism is poorly understood. We have shown that omega‐3 fatty acids reduce pro‐inflammatory cytokine‐mediated β‐cell apoptosis by upregulating the expression of the ADP‐ribosylhydrolase ARH3. Here, we further investigate the β‐cell protection mechanism of ARH3 by performing siRNA analysis of its gene Adprhl2 in MIN6 insulin‐producing cells, subsequent treatment with a cocktail of the pro‐inflammatory cytokines IL‐1β + IFN‐γ + TNF‐α, followed by proteomics analysis. ARH3 regulated proteins from several pathways related to the nucleus (splicing, RNA surveillance, and nucleocytoplasmic transport), mitochondria (metabolic pathways), and endoplasmic reticulum (protein folding). ARH3 also regulated the levels of proteins related to antigen processing and presentation, and the chemokine‐signaling pathway. We further studied the role of ARH3 in regulating the chemokine CXCL9. We found that ARH3 reduces the cytokine‐induced expression of CXCL9, which is dependent on omega‐3 fatty acids. In conclusion, we demonstrate that omega‐3 fatty acids regulate CXCL9 expression via ARH3, which may have a role in protecting β cells from immune attack thereby preventing T1D development.Significance of the Study: Omega‐3 fatty acids have a variety of health benefits. In type 1 diabetes, omega‐3 fatty acids reduce the islet autoimmune response and the disease development. Here, we studied the pathways regulated by the adenosine diphosphate (ADP)‐ribosylhydrolase ARH3, a protein whose expression is regulated by omega‐3 fatty acids. We showed that ARH3 reduces the expression of chemokines in response to omega‐3 fatty acids. This represents an anti‐inflammatory mechanism of omega‐3 fatty acids that might be involved with protection against type 1 diabetes development.
Telechelic Dithiol Copolymers as Tunable Building Blocks for Synthesizing Multiblock Materials
Authors: Czuczola Michael , Hossain Munshi Sahid , Shannon Declan P. , Morris Parker T. , Getty Patrick T. , Bates Christopher M. , Read de Alaniz Javier , Hawker Craig J. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTA new strategy is reported to access α,ω‐dithiol polymer building blocks with tunable molecular weights and compositions for the preparation of random multiblock copolymers based on styrenic, acrylic, and siloxane repeat units. This facile synthetic approach provides access to dithiols through a two‐step process: (1) an initial copolymerization of vinyl monomers with ethyl lipoate followed by (2) disulfide bond reduction, producing dithiol terminated polymer products. Thiol‐terminated polymers are easily prepared over a wide range of molecular weights (2–32 kDa) by simply controlling the feed ratio of vinyl monomer to ethyl lipoate. Mixtures of these linear dithiol‐terminated building blocks were repolymerized via oxidative coupling to create random multiblock copolymers with high molecular weights (68–95 kDa) and controlled degradability. In summary, this approach for preparing and recombining telechelic dithiol polymers creates opportunities to manipulate the mechanical and physical properties of multiblock copolymers using a synthetically simple and versatile platform.
Advancing Bone Regeneration: The Impactful Role of Plasma Technology
Authors: Pidhatika Bidhari , Ardhani Retno , Swasono Yogi Angga , Anggraeni Rahmi , Andriyanti Wiwien , Santosa Faizhal Arif , Rudianto Reza Pahlevi , Ana Ika Dewi , Dewi Anne Handrini 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBone diseases and injuries pose a significant global health challenge. Traditional bone regeneration methods face limitations, such as tissue availability and immune rejection. This study presents plasma technology's potential in scaffold engineering for bone regeneration through bibliometric analysis and experimental findings. Plasmas modify surfaces and enhance scaffold properties. These modifications are crucial for effective bone healing. Our bibliometric analysis identifies key trends and collaborations in plasma technology research. The analysis reveals a strong correlation between surface modification, plasma treatment, and applications in tissue engineering and biomaterials, underscoring the need for detailed investigations into plasma applications. By linking bibliometric trends with experimental research, this article emphasizes the novel role of plasma technology in current and future bone regeneration strategies.
Surface Passivation of Silicon Nanoparticles Monitored by In Situ FTIR
Authors: Dworschak Maren , Müller Martin , Tjardts Tim , Kienle Lorenz , Benedikt Jan 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTA setup consisting of two atmospheric plasma sources is used for the combined synthesis and passivation of nanoparticles. The silicon nanoparticles synthesized in the first source are analyzed for their chemical composition, morphology, and photoluminescence. The particles are then treated with a second plasma to induce surface passivation. The passivation process of the particles is monitored in real time using in situ infrared absorption spectroscopy. The results indicate that this treatment induces methylation of the silicon nanocrystals, which is further supported by XPS analysis. This surface passivation shifts the maximum of the photoluminescent signal to blue in the visible spectral region. Further optimization of the reported nanoparticle passivation process can provide a flexible tool for tuning nanoparticle properties.
Future Subnational Population Change in Germany: The Role of Internal and International Migration
Authors: Cilek Laura , Loichinger Elke , Swiaczny Frank , Schlömer Claus , Hoymann Jana , Maretzke Steffen 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTPopulation change in Germany at the subnational level is particularly driven by changes in net international migration and shifts in internal migration flows between urbanisation, suburbanisation and counter‐urbanisation. Official population projections at the county level use a single scenario, thereby omitting uncertainty that arises from changing patterns in the assumed components of demographic change. We use a cohort‐component model that incorporates the spatial distribution of a net number of international migrants and internal migration matrices to provide population projections for 401 counties in Germany until 2070, encompassing nine total international and internal migration scenario combinations. Our results show a full potential outcome space of future subnational population change in Germany and highlight the variability in this possible change in terms of population structure, size, and spatial distribution. Across the scenarios, the total population of Germany is projected to be between 74.25 and 86.84 million people in 2040 (83.4 in 2023). There are also considerable differences in how the total population and its distribution might change spatially, both between urban and rural areas and in age structure. Thus, depending on the assumed absolute level of net international migration and the direction of internal migratory patterns we, highlight how internal and international migration patterns will continue to play a large role in future population development in Germany at the county level.
Implementing a Bayesian approach using Stan with Torsten: Population pharmacokinetics analysis of somatrogon
Authors: Wang Yuchen , Pei Xinyi , Niu Tao , Korth‐Bradley Joan , Fostvedt Luke 
Published: December 2024

AbstractFully Bayesian approaches are not commonly implemented for population pharmacokinetic (PK) modeling. In this paper, we evaluate the use of Stan with R and Torsten for population PK modeling of somatrogon, a recombinant long‐acting growth hormone approved for the treatment of growth hormone deficiency. As a software for Bayesian inference, Stan provides an easy way to conduct MCMC sampling for a wide range of models with efficient sampling algorithms, and there are several diagnostic tools to evaluate the MCMC convergence and other potential issues. Three different sets of priors were evaluated for estimation and prediction: a weakly informative uniform set, a moderately informative set, and a very informative set of priors. All three prior sets showed good performance and all chains mixed well. There were some minor differences in the final parameter posterior distributions while implementing different prior sets, but the posterior predictions covered the observations nicely, not only for the individuals included in posterior sampling but also for new individuals. The impact of a centered versus non‐centered parameterization were evaluated, with the non‐centered approach improving the estimation time, but it was still computationally intensive. Computational resources had the biggest impact on sampling time. Stan took approximately 2.5 h total for the MCMC sampling on a high‐performance computing platform (6 cores) and may be reduced further with additional computational resources. The model and comparisons presented show that with adequate computational resources, the Bayesian approaches using Stan and Torsten are useful for population PK analysis, especially for the analysis of special populations, small sample datasets, and when complex model structures are needed.
Towards Understanding Contemporary Gambling Advertising in Sub‐Saharan Africa
Authors: Badu Emmanuel 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTGambling advertising has become ubiquitous in sub‐Saharan Africa influencing social norms and attitudes towards gambling. The delay or failure of governments to effectively regulate gambling advertising poses a significant threat to public health. This article provides contemporary insights into gambling advertising, its forms, mechanics and influence on gambling behaviour. It provides contextual understanding to policy‐makers, health advocates and public health actors, including a call to action for effective regulation. With sub‐Saharan Africa becoming important to the gambling industry for market growth and profits, there is the need for public health actors to instigate advocacy for strong regulations and enforcement of gambling advertising.
Contribution of radio occultation data to atmospheric river landfall forecasts in the eastern North Pacific
Authors: Teng Hsu‐Feng , Kuo Ying‐Hwa , Done James M. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis study assesses the impact of Global Navigation Satellite System radio occultation (RO) data assimilation (DA) on low‐predictability atmospheric river (AR) landfall forecasts. The period of study is October–March 2020–2022, focusing on AR events over the eastern North Pacific. Eighteen AR landfall events with large forecast errors in the Global Forecast System of the National Centers for Environmental Prediction are selected. Two numerical experiments are conducted for each AR event. One assimilates RO data using a non‐local excess phase operator to improve its initial condition (labeled as EPH forecast), while the other does not (reference run; labeled as REF forecast). Relative to REF, the root‐mean‐squared errors of integrated water vapor transport (IVT), moisture, and wind are reduced by EPH in the main AR activity areas throughout the whole forecast period, except for zonal winds. EPH significantly reduces the underestimation of strong IVT occurrence rate by 2.6%–4.8% and the underestimation of IVT intensity by 15.7–35.0 kg·m−1·s−1, compared to REF. EPH also substantially improves the precipitable water distribution and AR‐related precipitation over the ocean. Despite these basin‐wide improvements, AR coverage, location, and precipitation over land are not significantly affected by RO DA. Specifically, the main contribution of RO DA to the root‐mean‐squared error reduction of AR forecast is the wind improvement prior to AR landfall and the mid‐level moisture improvement after AR landfall. In summary, this study highlights the potential positive contributions of RO DA to AR forecasts, and explores the mechanisms and spatial and temporal characteristics of the improvements.
Oscillometry changes reflect clinically meaningful improvement after bronchial thermoplasty for uncontrolled asthma: A case report
Authors: Setty Niranjan , Crawford Alice , Kyle Brooke , Thakkar Dhaval , Thomas Rajesh , Blakey John 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAsthma is a highly prevalent but heterogenous condition. Uncontrolled disease is relatively common and may be due to ongoing inflammation and/or persisting bronchial hyper‐reactivity. Bronchial thermoplasty has been in use for many years but optimal case selection and post‐procedure assessment remain uncertain. We present a case of a gentleman in his 50s with lifelong asthma who experienced a persistent loss of control following influenza A in 2017. Despite multidisciplinary assessment and guideline‐based escalation of therapy, he had persisting symptoms. In the context of his atopy, he was trialled unsuccessfully on dupilumab. Bronchial thermoplasty (BT) was undertaken with good clinical benefit. Although his spirometry was little changed by BT, there was improvement in forced oscillometry technique (FOT) measurements. FOT may therefore be a useful addition to the assessment and monitoring of individuals considered for, or undergoing, BT.
Rasmussen aneurysm in a patient with pulmonary tuberculosis
Authors: Malik Salman Ahmed , Khan Allahdad , Siddique Humaira , Malik Kamran Ahmed , Usman Muhammad , Antar Mohamed 
Published: December 2024

Key messageRasmussen aneurysm is a rare complication of tuberculosis, where a pulmonary artery adjacent to a tuberculous cavity aneurysm may lead to life threatening hemoptysis. Sudden or severe hemoptysis is an emergency condition in TB patients who need prompt recognition and intervention, often through endovascular embolization, to prevent fatal outcomes.
Fixed‐Time Consensus Control With Event‐Triggered Mechanism for Multi‐Agent Systems Suffered Time‐Varying State Constraints
Authors: Zhang Hongkang , Hu Zikai , Wang Jianhui , Wang Zian 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTA fixed‐time consensus control protocol is proposed for uncertain nonlinear multi‐agent systems (MASs) with time‐varying state constraints. By applying the time‐varying barrier Lyapunov functions (BLFs), an adaptive consensus control protocol is constructed to make certain that all system states maintain within the predetermined time‐varying ranges. Meanwhile, an event‐triggered mechanism (ETM) is established to alleviate the burden of MASs communication. Besides, to guarantee the control performance, a fixed‐time control method based on neural networks (NNs) is developed. It is demonstrated that the MASs can synchronize in a fixed time, and the state constraints are satisfied. Finally, two simulation examples demonstrate the effectiveness of the presented protocol.