bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predominance of deterministic microbial community dynamics in salterns exposed to different light intensities
Authors: Viver Tomeu , Orellana Luis H. , Díaz Sara , Urdiain Mercedes , Ramos‐Barbero María Dolores , González‐Pastor José E. , Oren Aharon , Hatt Janet K. , Amann Rudolf , Antón Josefa , Konstantinidis Konstantinos T. , Rosselló‐Móra Ramon 
Published: August 2019

SummaryWhile the dynamics of microbial community assembly driven by environmental perturbations have been extensively studied, our understanding is far from complete, particularly for light‐induced perturbations. Extremely halophilic communities thriving in coastal solar salterns are mainly influenced by two environmental factors—salt concentrations and high sunlight irradiation. By experimentally manipulating light intensity through the application of shading, we showed that light acts as a deterministic factor that ultimately drives the establishment of recurrent microbial communities under near‐saturation salt concentrations. In particular, the stable and highly change‐resistant communities that established under high‐light intensities were dominated (>90% of metagenomic reads) by Haloquadratum spp. and Salinibacter spp. On the other hand, under 37‐fold lower light intensity, different, less stable and change‐resistant communities were established, mainly dominated by yet unclassified haloarchaea and relatively diverse photosynthetic microorganisms. These communities harboured, in general, much lower carotenoid pigment content than their high‐irradiation counterparts. Both assemblage types appeared to be highly resilient, re‐establishing when favourable conditions returned after perturbation (i.e. high‐irradiation for the former communities and low‐irradiation for the latter ones). Overall, our results revealed that stochastic processes were of limited significance to explain these patterns.
The most heat‐resistant conidia observed to date are formed by distinct strains of Paecilomyces variotii
Authors: van den Brule Tom , Punt Maarten , Teertstra Wieke , Houbraken Jos , Wösten Han , Dijksterhuis Jan 
Published: August 2019

SummaryFungi colonize habitats by means of spores. These cells are stress‐resistant compared with growing fungal cells. Fungal conidia, asexual spores, formed by cosmopolitan fungal genera like Penicillium, Aspergillus and Peacilomyces are dispersed by air. They are present in places where food products are stored and as a result, they cause food spoilage. Here, we determined the heterogeneity of heat resistance of conidia between and within strains of Paecilomyces variotii, a spoiler of foods such as margarine, fruit juices, canned fruits and non‐carbonized sodas. Out of 108 strains, 31 isolates showed a conidial survival >10% after a 10‐min‐heat treatment at 59°C. Three strains with different conidial heat resistance were selected for further phenotyping. Conidia of DTO 212‐C5 and DTO 032‐I3 showed 0.3% and 2.6% survival in the screening respectively, while survival of DTO 217‐A2 conidia was >10%. The decimal reduction times of these strains at 60°C (D60 value) were 3.7 ± 0.08, 5.5 ± 0.35 and 22.9 ± 2.00 min respectively. Further in‐depth analysis revealed that the three strains showed differences in morphology, spore size distributions, compatible solute compositions and growth under salt stress. Conidia of DTO 217‐A2 are the most heat‐resistant reported so far. The ecological consequences of this heterogeneity of resistance, including food spoilage, are discussed.
Essential roles of interstitial cells in testicular development and function
Authors: Heinrich A. , DeFalco T. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundTesticular architecture and sperm production are supported by a complex network of communication between various cell types. These signals ensure fertility by: regulating spermatogonial stem/progenitor cells; promoting steroidogenesis; and driving male‐specific differentiation of the gonad. Sertoli cells have long been assumed to be the major cellular player in testis organogenesis and spermatogenesis. However, cells in the interstitial compartment, such as Leydig, vascular, immune, and peritubular cells, also play prominent roles in the testis but are less well understood.ObjectivesHere, we aim to outline our current knowledge of the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which interstitial cell types contribute to spermatogenesis and testicular development, and how these diverse constituents of the testis play essential roles in ensuring male sexual differentiation and fertility.MethodsWe surveyed scientific literature and summarized findings in the field that address how interstitial cells interact with other interstitial cell populations and seminiferous tubules (i.e., Sertoli and germ cells) to support spermatogenesis, male‐specific differentiation, and testicular function. These studies focused on 4 major cell types: Leydig cells, vascular cells, immune cells, and peritubular cells.Results and DiscussionA growing number of studies have demonstrated that interstitial cells play a wide range of functions in the fetal and adult testis. Leydig cells, through secretion of hormones and growth factors, are responsible for steroidogenesis and progression of spermatogenesis. Vascular, immune, and peritubular cells, apart from their traditionally acknowledged physiological roles, have a broader importance than previously appreciated and are emerging as essential players in stem/progenitor cell biology.ConclusionInterstitial cells take part in complex signaling interactions with both interstitial and tubular cell populations, which are required for several biological processes, such as steroidogenesis, Sertoli cell function, spermatogenesis, and immune regulation. These various processes are essential for testicular function and demonstrate how interstitial cells are indispensable for male fertility.
Acupuncture alleviates acid‐ and purine‐induced pain in rodents
Authors: Zhang Ying , Huang Lumei , Kozlov Sergey A. , Rubini Patrizia , Tang Yong , Illes Peter 
Published: August 2019

Background and PurposeWe set out to investigate the effects of electroacupuncture (EAP) and moxibustion on pain states mediated by a range of acid‐ and ATP‐sensitive nociceptors in acute and inflammatory rodent pain models.Experimental ApproachWe injected PBS (pH 6.0 or 4.0) or α,β‐methylene ATP into the paw of rats or mice to cause thermal hypersensitivity, which was quantified by the paw withdrawal latency (PWL). Inflammatory pain was induced by the injection of complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) into the rat paw.Key ResultsEAP and moxibustion counteracted the decrease of PWL mediated by acid‐sensing ion channel 3 (ASIC3) and transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) channels in response to pH 6.0 PBS, but not that mediated by TRPV1 channels only, initiated by the injection of pH 4.0 PBS. Similarly, EAP and moxibustion prevented the purinergically induced pain which was caused by stimulation of P2X3 (P2X2/3) and P2X7 receptors. The effect of CFA was also relieved by EAP and moxibustion.Conclusions and ImplicationsDuring acute thermal pain and CFA‐induced inflammatory pain, ASIC3/TRPV1 channels and P2X3/P2X7 receptors are activated by protons and exogenous α,β‐methylene ATP or endogenously released ATP respectively. Low‐threshold acute acidic pain mediated by the activation of ASIC3/TRPV1 channels was reversed by EAP/moxibustion, while high‐threshold acidic pain that is mediated exclusively by the activation of TRPV1 channels was not. ASIC3 and P2X3 receptors appear to interact with each other in responding to both protons and ATP, by forming an ASIC3/P2X3 “cognate receptor”, sensitive to EAP/moxibustion.
Molecular and clinical analysis of Chinese patients with anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)‐rearranged non‐small cell lung cancer
Authors: Zhou Xiaoyun , Shou Jiawei , Sheng Jin , Xu Chunwei , Ren Shengxiang , Cai Xiuyu , Chu Qian , Wang Wenxian , Zhen Qinhong , Zhou Yuefen , Li Wenfeng , Pan Hong , Li Hongsen , Sun Tao , Cheng Huanqing , Wang Huina , Lou Feng , Rao Chuangzhou , Cao Shanbo , Pan Hongming , Fang Yong 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAnaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) fusions have been recognized as a therapeutic target in non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, molecular signatures and clinical characteristics of the Chinese population with ALK‐rearranged NSCLC are not well elucidated. In the present study, we carried out targeted next‐generation sequencing on tissue and plasma ctDNA samples in 1688 patients with NSCLC. Overall, ALK fusions were detected in 70 patients (4.1%), and the frequencies of ALK fusions detected in tissue and plasma samples were 5.1% and 3.3%, respectively. Additionally, the prevalence of breakpoint locations for EML4‐ALK fusions in ctDNA was significantly correlated with that in tumor tissues (R2 = .91, P = .045). According to age, the incidence rates of ALK fusions among young (age <45 years), middle‐aged (between 45 and 70 years) and elderly (>70 years) patients were significantly different (P < .001). In 70 ALK‐rearranged cases, coexistence of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) alterations and ALK fusions was detected in 12 cases (17.1%) and EGFR mutations tended to coexist with non‐EML4‐ALK rearrangements. Notably, novel ALK fusion partners, including TRIM66, SWAP70, WNK3, ERC1, TCF12 and FBN1 were identified in the present study. Among EML4‐ALK fusion variants, patients with variant V1 were younger than patients with variant V3 (P = .023), and TP53 mutations were more frequently concurrent with variant V3 compared with variant V1 (P = .009). In conclusion, these findings provide new insights into the molecular‐clinical profiles of patients with ALK‐rearranged NSCLC that may improve the treatment strategy of this population.
Effect of isoxazole derivatives of tetrahydrofuran neolignans on intracellular amastigotes of Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis: A structure–activity relationship comparative study with triazole‐neolignan‐based compounds
Authors: das Neves Amarith R. , Trefzger Ozildéia S. , Barbosa Natália V. , Honorato Antonio M. , Carvalho Diego B. , Moslaves Iluska S. , Kadri Mônica C. T. , Yoshida Nidia C. , Kato Massuo J. , Arruda Carla C. P. , Baroni Adriano C. M. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIsoxazole analogues derived from the neolignans veraguensin, grandisin, and machilin G were previously synthesized with different substitution patterns through the bioisosterism strategy. These compounds were tested on intracellular amastigotes of Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis; the derivatives proved to be active against intracellular amastigotes, with IC50 values ranging from 0.4 to 25 μM. The most active analogues were 4′, 14′, 15′, and 18′, with IC50 values of 0.9, 0.4, 0.7, and 1.4 μM, respectively, showing high selectivity indexes (SI = 277.0; 625.0; 178.5 and 357.1). Overall, the isoxazole analogues did not induce nitric oxide (NO) production by infected cells; there was no evidence that NO influences the antileishmanial mechanism of action, except for compound 4′. Trimethoxy groups as substituents seemed to be critical for antileishmanial activity. The SAR study demonstrated that the isoxazole compounds were more active than 1,2,3‐triazole compounds with the same substitution pattterns, demonstrating the importance of the bioisosterism strategy in drug design.
Estimation of minimally important differences and responder definitions for EORTC QLQ‐MY20 scores in multiple myeloma patients
Authors: Sully Kate , Trigg Andrew , Bonner Nicola , Moreno‐Koehler Alejandro , Trennery Claire , Shah Nina , Yucel Emre , Panjabi Sumeet , Cocks Kim 
Published: August 2019

AbstractObjectivesThresholds for the minimally important difference (MID) or responder definition (RD) in health‐related quality‐of‐life (HRQoL) scores are required to interpret the impact of an intervention or change in the trajectory of the condition which is meaningful to patients. This study aimed to establish MID and RD for the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Multiple Myeloma questionnaire (EORTC QLQ‐MY20).MethodsA novel mixed‐methods approach was applied by utilizing both existing clinical trial data and prospective patient interviews. Anchor‐based, distribution‐based, and qualitative‐based estimates of meaningful change were triangulated to form recommended RDs for each scale of the EORTC QLQ‐MY20. Anchor‐based MIDs were summarized using weighted correlation.ResultsRecommended MIDs were as follows: Disease Symptoms (DS 10 points), Side Effects of Treatment (SE 10 points), Body Image (BI 13 points), and Future Perspective (FP 9 points). Recommended RDs were as follows: DS (16 improvement; 11 worsening), SE (6 improvement; 9 worsening), BI (33 improvement; 33 worsening), and FP (11 improvement; 11 worsening).ConclusionsThe study generated estimates of the MID and RD for each scale of the EORTC QLQ‐MY20. Published estimates will enable investigators and clinicians to adopt these as standard for interpretation and for hypothesis testing. Consequently, analyses from trials of different interventions can be more comparable.
Efficacy and safety of a new resilient hyaluronic acid dermal filler, in the correction of moderate‐to‐severe nasolabial folds: A 64‐week, prospective, multicenter, controlled, randomized, double‐blind and within‐subject study
Authors: Kaufman‐Janette Joely , Taylor Susan C. , Cox Sue Ellen , Weinkle Susan H. , Smith Stacy , Kinney Brian M. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundInjectables that behave similarly to native tissue and preserve facial expressiveness represent a new frontier in aesthetic medicine. A range of fillers made of high molecular weight hyaluronic acid (HA) chains with low crosslinking have been specifically developed to complement facial dynamics.AimsThe efficacy and safety of one of these resilient HA fillers, and its noninferiority to an effective comparator available in the US, were tested in the treatment of dynamic wrinkles.MethodsA 15‐month, prospective, multicenter, controlled, randomized, double‐blind, within‐subject (split‐face) clinical trial was conducted on 140 subjects with moderate‐to‐severe nasolabial folds (NLF). Study endpoints included improvement on a proprietary Wrinkle Severity Rating Scale (WSRS) and Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale, according to Blind Live Evaluators (BLE), subjects, and treating investigators (TI). Subject perception was evaluated with FACE‐Q and satisfaction scales.ResultsThe per‐protocol population included 88 subjects (92% women) of all Fitzpatrick phototypes, with a mean age of 57 years. WSRS improvement was significantly greater with the resilient HA than its comparator over 15 months, including at week 24 (primary endpoint), as rated by BLE and TI. Results demonstrated the noninferiority of the resilient HA filler to its comparator. Aesthetic improvement and subject satisfaction were durably high, with an overall trend toward higher scores for the resilient HA filler. Both treatments were safe and well tolerated.ConclusionThe resilient HA filler made of long chains lightly crosslinked is at least equivalent to a well‐established comparator for the correction of NLF in subjects of diverse skin phototypes.
Behavioural, physiological and molecular changes in alloparental caregivers may be responsible for selection response for female reproductive investment in honey bees
Authors: Wu Fan , Ma Chuan , Han Bin , Meng Lifeng , Hu Han , Fang Yu , Feng Mao , Zhang Xufeng , Rueppell Olav , Li Jianke 
Published: August 2019

AbstractReproductive investment is a central life history variable that influences all aspects of life. Hormones coordinate reproduction in multicellular organisms, but the mechanisms controlling the collective reproductive investment of social insects are largely unexplored. One important aspect of honey bee (Apis mellifera) reproductive investment consists of raising female‐destined larvae into new queens by alloparental care of nurse bees in form of royal jelly provisioning. Artificial selection for commercial royal jelly production over 40 years has increased this reproductive investment by an order of magnitude. In a cross‐fostering experiment, we establish that this shift in social phenotype is caused by nurse bees. We find no evidence for changes in larval signalling. Instead, the antennae of the nurse bees of the selected stock are more responsive to brood pheromones than control bees. Correspondingly, the selected royal jelly bee nurses are more attracted to brood pheromones than unselected control nurses. Comparative proteomics of the antennae from the selected and unselected stocks indicate putative molecular mechanisms, primarily changes in chemosensation and energy metabolism. We report expression differences of several candidate genes that correlate with the differences in reproductive investment. The functional relevance of these genes is supported by demonstrating that the corresponding proteins can competitively bind one previously described and one newly discovered brood pheromone. Thus, we suggest several chemosensory genes, most prominently OBP16 and CSP4, as candidate mechanisms controlling queen rearing, a key reproductive investment, in honey bees. These findings reveal novel aspects of pheromonal communication in honey bees and explain how sensory changes affect communication and lead to a drastic shift in colony‐level resource allocation to sexual reproduction. Thus, pheromonal and hormonal communication may play similar roles for reproductive investment in superorganisms and multicellular organisms, respectively.
Towards understanding global patterns of antimicrobial use and resistance in neonatal sepsis: insights from the NeoAMR network
Authors: Li Grace , Bielicki Julia Anna , Ahmed A S M Nawshad Uddin , Islam Mohammad Shahidul , Berezin Eitan Naaman , Gallacci Clery B , Guinsburg Ruth , da Silva Figueiredo Carlos Eduardo , Santarone Vieira Rosilene , Silva Andre Ricardo , Teixeira Cristiane , Turner Paul , Nhan Ladin , Orrego Jaime , Pérez Paola Marsela , Qi Lifeng , Papaevangelou Vassiliki , Triantafyllidou Pinelope , Iosifidis Elias , Roilides Emmanuel , Sarafidis Kosmas , Jinka Dasaratha Ramaiah , Nayakanti Raghuprakash Reddy , Kumar Praveen , Gautam Vikas , Prakash Vinayagam , Seeralar Arasar , Murki Srinivas , Kandraju Hemasree , Singh Sanjeev , Kumar Anil , Lewis Leslie , Pukayastha Jayashree , Nangia Sushma , K N Yogesha , Chaurasia Suman , Chellani Harish , Obaro Stephen , Dramowski Angela , Bekker Adrie , Whitelaw Andrew , Thomas Reenu , Velaphi Sithembiso Christopher , Ballot Daynia Elizabeth , Nana Trusha , Reubenson Gary , Fredericks Joy , Anugulruengkitt Suvaporn , Sirisub Anongnart , Wong Pimol , Lochindarat Sorasak , Boonkasidecha Suppawat , Preedisripipat Kanchana , Cressey Tim R , Paopongsawan Pongsatorn , Lumbiganon Pagakrong , Pongpanut Dounghatai , Sukrakanchana Pra-ornsuda , Musoke Philippa , Olson Linus , Larsson Mattias , Heath Paul T , Sharland Michael 
Published: August 2019

ObjectiveTo gain an understanding of the variation in available resources and clinical practices between neonatal units (NNUs) in the low-income and middle-income country (LMIC) setting to inform the design of an observational study on the burden of unit-level antimicrobial resistance (AMR).DesignA web-based survey using a REDCap database was circulated to NNUs participating in the Neonatal AMR research network. The survey included questions about NNU funding structure, size, admission rates, access to supportive therapies, empirical antimicrobial guidelines and period prevalence of neonatal blood culture isolates and their resistance patterns.Setting39 NNUs from 12 countries.PatientsAny neonate admitted to one of the participating NNUs.InterventionsThis was an observational cohort study.ResultsThe number of live births per unit ranged from 513 to 27 700 over the 12-month study period, with the number of neonatal cots ranging from 12 to 110. The proportion of preterm admissions <32 weeks ranged from 0% to 19%, and the majority of units (26/39, 66%) use Essential Medicines List ‘Access’ antimicrobials as their first-line treatment in neonatal sepsis. Cephalosporin resistance rates in Gram-negative isolates ranged from 26% to 84%, and carbapenem resistance rates ranged from 0% to 81%. Glycopeptide resistance rates among Gram-positive isolates ranged from 0% to 45%.ConclusionAMR is already a significant issue in NNUs worldwide. The apparent burden of AMR in a given NNU in the LMIC setting can be influenced by a range of factors which will vary substantially between NNUs. These variations must be considered when designing interventions to improve neonatal mortality globally.
A 3-year follow-up study of a new corneal inlay: clinical results and outcomes
Authors: Beer Sandra Maria Canelas , Werner Liliana , Nakano Eliane Mayumi , Santos Rodrigo T , Hirai Flavio , Nitschke Enrico J , Francesconi Benicio Claudia , Campos Mauro S Q 
Published: August 2019

PurposeHere, we report the results of a 3-year follow-up analysis of the outcomes of the Flexivue Microlens corneal inlay.PatientsNon-dominant eyes (n=31) of emmetropic presbyopic patients (spherical equivalent: −0.5 to 1.00 dioptre).MethodsA Flexivue Microlens corneal inlay was implanted after the creation of a 300 μm deep stromal pocket using a femtosecond laser. Patients were followed up according to a clinical protocol involving refraction, anterior segment imaging analysis (Oculyser), optical quality analysis (OPD-Scan), monocular binocular uncorrected and corrected visual acuity tests, contrast sensitivity measurements (photopic and mesopic), satisfaction questionnaire results and adverse event reporting.ResultsThirty patients were examined at the 3-year follow-up in this ongoing study. The mean uncorrected near visual acuity improved to Jaeger 1 in 76.9% of eyes treated with the inlays (vs 87.1% at the 1-year follow-up). All eyes improved four lines in all visits, except for four patients for whom the inlay was explanted. Patients reported that their near vision was good or excellent in 73.3% of cases (vs 90.3% in the first year). The UDVA remained stable over time. Three patients were explanted due to blurred vision for near-point and far-point distances. One patient developed a superficial corneal ulcer after 20 months. Two patients underwent cataract removal. Four patients underwent inlay exchange to increase near power correction.ConclusionsThe Presbia Flexivue Microlens provided presbyopia treatment by improving near vision. Manageable complications may occur over the long term.Clinical trial registration numberU1111-1185-5684 and 0310451200000550.