bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Response Surface Methodology Investigation of the Viscosity of Propylene Glycol (100)/Graphene Nanofluid to Determine the Optimal Conditions
Authors: Surakasi Raviteja , Mohammed Salah J. , Majdi Hasan Sh. , Majdi Ali , Berwal Parveen , Khan Mohammad Amir , Khan Wahaj Ahmad 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThis work adopted response surface methodology (RSM) to analyze the behavior of a nanofluid based on propylene glycol. The laboratory conditions in this investigation involve a temperature range of 40°C–120°C and a weight percentage that varies from 0% to 0.5%. Initially viscosity was predicted using Redwood viscometer using the nanofluid solutions. To find the most accurate predictive model and generate an ideal solution, RSM was used. The current study was inspired by the lack of consistency among laboratory behavior and real‐world applications and the statistical‐mathematical analysis of modelers' performance, contrast, and motivations. Two‐factor interaction (2FI), quadratic, cubic, and quartic models are only a few tested. Investigating and evaluating the different statistical features of these modeling functions is a new contribution to the field. The quartic model represents the characteristics of nanofluids with double the accuracy of other models, as shown by statistical analysis. The R2 coefficient, the coefficient of variation (CV%), and the p‐value are compared as metrics for assessing the models. The indexes for the quartic model are 0.9940, 3.53%, and 0.0001, in that order. Nanofluids should have a viscosity of 0.335 m2/s at 120°C along with a weight percentage of 0.5%.
Peri‐ictal yawning: A potential lateralizing sign in temporal lobe epilepsy
Authors: Du Xiaoping , Yao Yi , Chen Jiani , Yang Xiaoping , Zhang Lei , Tang Yingying , Hao Xiaoting , Zhou Dong , Lian Shizhong , Wang Fengpeng , Zhang Xiaobin , Sun Meizhen , Guo Junhong 
Published: November 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe primary objective of this retrospective analysis was to evaluate the incidence and lateralization value of peri‐ictal yawning (PY) in people with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). PY has only occasionally been reported as a manifestation of focal epilepsy. We aimed to determine whether PY could serve as an indicator to help lateralize seizure onset during epileptic seizures.MethodsAmong 236 consecutive TLE patients admitted for video‐EEG monitoring, we analyzed the clinical characteristics, along with scalp video‐EEG, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), fluorodeoxyglucose‐positron emission tomography (FDG‐PET), Wada test, and stereo EEG (SEEG) in patients with PY.ResultsAmong the 236 patients, 26 (11.0%) exhibited PY, and 36 of 1018 recorded seizures (3.5%) were associated with PY. Of the 26 patients with PY, 19 (73.1%) had non‐dominant TLE, while 7 (26.9%) had dominant TLE. The majority of these patients presented with staring, arrest, and automatisms during their seizures with accompanying vegetative signs. PY occurred either during the ictal or postictal phase in all patients. Exception for 10 seizures (10/36, 27.8%) at the early stage (less than 25% total duration), PY was primarily linked to the late ictal and postictal phases. Surgical intervention was performed in 12 patients, 9 of whom (75%) achieved seizure freedom (Engel class I), with 7 of these 9 (77.8%) having non‐dominant TLE.SignificanceYawning is a physiological phenomenon typically not associated with epilepsy. The present series suggests that PY is relatively uncommon in TLE, but may represent a rare vegetative sign, particularly in cases with non‐dominant TLE. Further investigation with a larger cohort of surgically confirmed cases and using intracranial EEG is essential to deepen our understanding of this phenomenon.Plain Language SummaryYawning is a typical physiological response that is generally not linked to epilepsy. However, it can occasionally indicate seizure activity, particularly in TLE. PY happens more often observed in non‐dominant TLE and usually occurs in the later stages of a seizure or just after it. It may hold potential as a lateralizing marker in TLE.
Designing, building and assessing a geomorphically reconstructed postmining landscape: A case study of the Santa Engracia mine, Spain
Authors: Hancock Greg R. , Martín Duque Jose F. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractNew technology allows the reconstruction of postmining landforms using geomorphic design principles. It is important that such designs be evaluated and if needed, redesigned or reshaped so that soil loss is minimised and to ensure the landscape is geomorphically and ecologically integrated with the surrounding landscape. One tool to assess geomorphic landforms is to use a computer‐based landscape evolution model (LEM). LEMs allow different designs to be input and will highlight where erosion will occur and type of erosion (i.e. sheetwash, riling, gullying) as well as erosion rate. At the Santa Engracia abandoned mine (East‐Central Spain), postmining landscapes were designed using geomorphic principles (GeoFluv method and Natural Regrade software) and later constructed. The SIBERIA LEM was used to assess the erosional behaviour of these landscapes. Using suitable topsoil, vegetation and an organic blanket reduces erosion, and if vegetation can be established, the modelling demonstrates minimal gully erosion. The erosion forecast (5.3 to 6.3 t ha−1 year−1) is significantly lower than the initial surface (~350 t ha−1 year−1) using conventional (terraced) mine restoration. The predicted erosion rates and gullying are less than for the unmined (natural) Alto Tajo environment. Importantly, with the ability to spatially forecast gully location, erosion reduction measures can be undertaken. The method described here provides a robust assessment procedure and highlights the potential strengths and weakness of a design therefore supporting lower cost construction and repair with a higher chance of restoration success. The combination of geomorphic landform design and assessment using a LEM for this project (LIFE RIBERMINE) presents a new standard for mine rehabilitation in Europe.
Efficient Hybrid Electric Vehicle Power Management: Dual Battery Energy Storage Empowered by Bidirectional DC–DC Converter
Authors: Z. Ananth Angel , S.S. Kumar 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThis work offers a fuel cell power system with the ability to distribute power to the load from the electrical source and charge an auxiliary battery utilizing regenerative power flows created by the load. The approach is established on a bidirectional closed‐loop DC converter. A bidirectional DC–DC converter is presented as a means of achieving extremely high voltage energy storage systems (ESSs) for a DC bus or supply of electricity in power applications. This paper presents a novel dual‐active‐bridge (DAB) bidirectional DC–DC converter power management system for hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs). The proposed system makes it possible to charge an additional battery with regenerative power flows and distributes power from the electrical source to the load efficiently. The two main stages of the DAB converter, which are the focus of this work, are an interleaved buck/boost converter on the battery and a three‐phase wye‐wye series resonating converter on the DC bus. Each switch's current stress is greatly reduced by this design, which lowers transmission losses and enhances thermal performance. The interleaved buck conversion on the battery allows for lesser current stress in each switch, resulting in lower transmission loss. The increasing complexity and power of automotive embedded electronic systems have made the use of more potent power electronic converters in automobiles necessary. In recent years, many dual volt (42 V/14 V) bidirectional inverter topologies for automotive systems have been presented. However, the majority of them are either inefficient or use a huge number of transistors and magnetic devices in both parallel and series arrangements. As a result, in this study, a bidirectional high‐efficiency inverter with fewer components is provided. The design, modes of operation, and performance metrics of the DAB converter are examined, emphasizing its ability to achieve zero‐voltage switching (ZVS) and zero current switching (ZCS) throughout its operating range. The suggested system seeks to maximize EV power management, guaranteeing high dependability and efficiency. To test all of the aforementioned qualities, an evaluation version was created, with an average efficiency of 97.5%. This research could have a substantial impact on the advancement of power electronic converters for automotive applications, leading to better EV power management, increased system reliability, and increased overall efficiency.
Potential of the Use of Sodium Chloride (NaCl) in Thermal Energy Storage Applications
Authors: Cabeza Luisa F. , Martínez Franklin R. , Zsembinszki Gabriel , Borri Emiliano 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTEnergy storage is a group of technologies that decrease the gap between energy supply and energy demand. Thermal energy storage (TES) reduces this gap at not only different temperatures but also at different places or power. Design criteria include the integration of the storage system into the whole application system, maximum load, and high‐energy density. Since energy density is given by the material used, the selection of the storage material is key to the success of any energy storage system. In this paper, the potential of sodium chloride (NaCl) to be used in TES, both using sensible TES and latent TES, is evaluated for low‐temperature applications and for high‐temperature ones. This material is found to have high potential for successful applications, both in buildings and in industry.
Optimal Planning of Standalone Rural Microgrid With Effective Dispatch Strategies and Battery Technology
Authors: Kamal Md. Mustafa 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTMicrogrids are a viable substitute for traditional power systems because they may deliver cleaner, more dependable, affordable power with fewer losses. However, the microgrid's performance is impacted by the variable nature of renewable energy sources. Battery storage is a crucial component of microgrid planning since it defines the system's techno‐economic feasibility. A standalone rural microgrid is designed in the current study, employing three distinct battery types: lithium‐ion, lead acid, and zinc‐bromine flow. The suggested microgrid's techno‐economic analysis employs three distinct dispatch mechanisms, that is, cycle charging, load flow, and complete dispatch. The case study of the suggested framework is carried out in Lucknow (India). The system comprises PV/battery/wind energy system/diesel and battery. The simulation results suggest that the optimal system with the least electrification cost is 0.113 $/kWh using complete dispatch strategies and a zinc‐bromine battery. It has 206 kWh zinc‐bromine flow batteries, a 10 kW converter, a 20 kW PV, a 13‐kW diesel generator, and a Combined dispatch strategy. The system's net present cost per unit cost of energy is $40 275 and 0.113 $/kWh for the chosen region, respectively. Compared to the other two battery technologies for hybrid systems, the zinc‐bromine flow battery technology is also shown to be the most environmentally friendly. Among the three battery technologies available, zinc‐bromine flow is best used in a particular location's hybridized operation.
hUCMSCs Regulate Bile Acid Metabolism to Prevent Heart Failure–Induced Intestinal Injury by Inhibiting the Activation of the STAT3/NF‐κB/MAPK Signaling Pathway via TGR5
Authors: Wang Zetian , Luo Wei , Wang Qing , Liu Chunzheng , Gong Yanshan , Li Baitian , Zeng Xuejiao , Lin Jiaqi , Su Zehua , Li Xin , Yu Yongze , Liu Zhongmin , Gao Ling , Liao Lijun 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe protective effects of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) on heart failure (HF)‐induced intestinal injury have not been fully understood. Flow cytometry and immunofluorescence analysis revealed that hUCMSCs renewed themselves, grew, and transformed into various cell types. Meanwhile, hUCMSCs safeguarded against intestinal damage, regulated imbalances in the intestinal flora and bile acid metabolism, and enhanced the levels of hyodeoxycholic acid (HDCA) in pigs with HF. HDCA protected against HF‐induced intestinal injury in mice through Takeda G protein–coupled receptor 5 (TGR5). Protein analysis showed that HDCA exerted protective effects on the intestines via the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3)/nuclear factor kappa B (NF‐κB)/mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway. Mouse experiments revealed that HDCA bound to TGR5 to inhibit MAPK and NF‐κB signaling pathway activation, which relies on the STAT3 signaling pathway. Moreover, hUCMSCs protected against intestinal injury in the pig model of HF by suppressing the activation of the STAT3/NF‐κB/MAPK signaling pathway via TGR5.
Isocitrate dehydrogenase 2 mutation promotes cytarabine resistance in acute myeloid leukemia by Warburg effect
Authors: Yang Jinrong , Wang Zixu , Wu Kun , Nie Bo , Li Liyin , Ruan Jingyan , Zhou Qiang , Zeng Yun , Shi Mingxia 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMutation of isocitrate dehydrogenase 2 (IDH2) is a key factor in promoting cytarabine (Ara‐C) resistance in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), however the underly mechanism remains unclear. Acute myeloid leukemia cells, were cultured with either IDH2 knockdown (KD‐IDH2) or overexpression (OE‐IDH2) to elucidate the role of IDH2 in these leukemic cell lines. Additionally, mutant cell lines were engineered to replicate clinically relevant IDH2 mutations. To investigate cellular responses, the glycolytic inhibitor 2‐deoxy‐D‐glucose (2‐DG) was administered to the cells. Cell proliferation was quantified using a Cell Counting Kit‐8 (CCK‐8), while apoptosis was evaluated through propidium iodide staining followed by flow cytometry. Glycolytic metabolism levels were measured using a specific reagent kit, and Western blotting was employed to determine the expression levels of glycolysis‐related proteins. Transcriptome sequencing was conducted to elucidate the mechanisms by which IDH2 mutations influence glycolysis. Furthermore, both in vitro cell experiments and in vivo subcutaneous transplantation tumor models in nude mice were utilized to validate these mechanisms. OE‐IDH2 in AML cells, enhances resistance to the Ara‐C, promotes cell proliferation and glycolysis, and inhibits apoptosis. KD‐IDH2 exhibits opposite effects. Both IDH2 mutations and OE‐IDH2 produce similar effects on these cellular processes. The increase in glycolysis levels following IDH2 mutation may contribute to the reduced efficacy of Enasidenib in inhibiting the proliferation of IDH‐mutant AML cells. Transcriptome sequencing results indicate an enrichment of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in IDH2‐mutant AML cells. BEZ235 significantly inhibits the expression of phosphorylated PI3K (p‐PI3K), phosphorylated Akt (p‐Akt), mTOR, glycolytic metabolism, and Ara‐C resistance both in vitro and in vivo. Overexpression and mutation of IDH2 coordinate with the Warburg effect through the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway to promote Ara‐C resistance in AML.
Quantifying Streamflow Prediction Uncertainty Through Process‐Aware Data‐Driven Models
Authors: Roy Abhinanda , Kasiviswanathan K. S. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe hydrological model simulation accompanied with uncertainty quantification helps enhance their overall reliability. Since uncertainty quantification including all the sources (input, model structure and parameter) is challenging, it is often limited to only addressing model parametric uncertainty, neglecting other uncertainty sources. This paper focuses on exploiting the potential of state‐of‐the‐art data‐driven models (or DDMs) in quantifying the prediction uncertainty of process‐based hydrological models. This is achieved by integrating the robust predictive ability of the DDMs with the process understanding ability of the hydrological models. The Bayesian‐based data assimilation (DA) technique is used to quantify uncertainty in process‐based hydrological models. This is accomplished by choosing two DDMs, random forest algorithm (RF) and support vector machine (SVM), which are distinctly integrated with two process‐based hydrological models: HBV and HyMOD. Particle filter algorithm (PF) is chosen for uncertainty quantification. All these combinations led to four different process‐aware DDMs: HBV‐PF‐RF, HBV‐PF‐SVM, HyMOD‐PF‐RF and HyMOD‐PF‐SVM. The assessment of these models on the Baitarani, Beas and Sunkoshi river basins exemplified an improvement in the accuracy of the daily streamflow simulations with a reduction in the prediction uncertainty across all the models for all the basins. For example, the nash‐sutcliffe efficiency improved by 54.69% and 10.61% in calibration and validation of the Baitarani river basin, respectively. Equivalently, average bandwidth improved by 79.37% and 71.59%, respectively. This signified the (a) potential of the DDMs in quantifying and reducing the prediction uncertainty of the hydrological model simulations, (b) transferability of the model with an appreciable performance irrespective of the choice of basins having varying topography and climatology and (c) ability to perform significantly irrespective of different process‐based and DDMs being involved, thereby ensuring generalizability. Thus, the framework is expected to assist in effective decision‐making, including various environmental management and disaster preparedness.
Quantifying the Impacts of Fire‐Related Perturbations in WRF‐Hydro Terrestrial Water Budget Simulations in California's Feather River Basin
Authors: Abolafia‐Rosenzweig Ronnie , Gochis David , Schwarz Andrew , Painter Thomas H. , Deems Jeffery , Dugger Aubrey , Casali Matthew , He Cenlin 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTWildfire activity in the western United States (WUS) is increasingly impacting water supply, and land surface models (LSMs) that do not explicitly account for fire disturbances can have critical uncertainties in burned areas. This study quantified responses from the Weather Research and Forecasting Hydrological modelling system (WRF‐Hydro) to a suite of fire‐related perturbations to hydrologic soil and runoff parameters, vegetation area, land cover classifications and associated vegetation properties, and snow albedo across the heavily burned Feather River Basin in California. These experiments were used to quantify the impacts of fire‐related perturbations in model simulations under the observed meteorological conditions during the 2000–2022 water years and determine whether applying these fire‐related perturbations enhanced post‐fire model accuracy across the 11–12 post‐fire months evaluated herein. The most comprehensive fire‐aware simulation consistently modelled enhanced annual catchment streamflow (by 8%–37%), subsurface flow (by 72%–116%), and soil moisture (by 4%–9%), relative to the baseline simulation which neglected fire impacts. Simulated fire‐enhanced streamflow was predominately attributable to fire‐induced vegetation area reductions that reduced transpiration. Simulated streamflow enhancements occurred throughout the water year, excluding early‐summer (e.g., May–June) when the baseline simulation modelled relatively more snowmelt and streamflow because fire perturbations caused earlier model snow depletion. Vegetation area reductions favoured increased model ground snow accumulation and enhanced snow ablation while imposed snow albedo darkening enhanced ablation, ultimately resulting in similar peak SWE and earlier snow disappearance (on average by 8‐days) from the most comprehensive fire‐aware simulation relative to the baseline simulation. The baseline simulation had large degradations in streamflow accuracy following major fire events that were likely partially attributable to neglecting fire disturbances. Applying fire‐related perturbations reduced post‐fire streamflow anomaly biases across the three study catchments. However, remaining large post‐fire streamflow uncertainties in the fire‐perturbed simulation underscores the importance of additional observationally constrained fire‐disturbance model developments.
Assessing the Soil Infiltration Rate of Alpine Meadows Using the Electrolyte Tracer Method
Authors: Ban Yunyun , Shi Chen 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTGrassland on the Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau is highly susceptible to climate change and human activities, and vegetation degradation can affect biodiversity and soil erosion. Soil infiltration is a crucial water flow process that determines the amount of runoff and water storage capacity, and it is of great importance in maintaining biodiversity. This research investigated the effects of vegetation degradation and soil rates on soil infiltration rate and processes using the electrolyte tracer method. This technique accurately calculated soil infiltration rate by tracking continuous changes in the solute concentration change process throughout the experimental period and did not require calibration. Findings indicate that vegetation type, root mass, soil water content and soil porosity significantly affect soil infiltration rate. In particular, root mass was found to have a negative effect on soil infiltration rate. Soil moisture content initially dominated soil infiltration, but subsequently, soil porosity became increasingly influential in affecting infiltration in degraded meadow. Soil infiltration capacity varied more with vegetation type than with surface runoff. Shrub meadows had the highest infiltration rate followed by normal alpine meadows and degraded meadows, indicating the importance of vegetation on soil infiltration. The research also shows that mixed shrub and meadow can improve the ecological environment by introducing a more complex root system and increasing the infiltration rate. The electrolyte tracer method was used as an alternative to other methods that can be used in different environments than the one studied in this research.
Quantification of the Effect of Soil and Biophysical Parameters on Water Balance Modelling Using SWAT+ in Forested Catchments
Authors: Qasemipour Ehsan , Pahlow Markus , Cochrane Thomas A. , Altaner Clemens 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTAccurate simulation of water balance components is crucial for effective water and land management practices. The performance of process‐based hydrological models relies on the accurate determination of input variables. The objective of this study is to quantify the magnitude of the effect of soil properties (depth and texture) and biophysical parameters on water balance simulation for a forested catchment using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT+). Simulations were carried out for a baseline scenario using the default soil inputs, followed by extending the soil profile depth up to 15 m under three different rainfall scenarios. Sensitivity analysis of model outputs was performed using the SENSitivity ANalysis (SENSAN) programme of the Parameter ESTimation (PEST) suite, coupled with SWAT+. The results showed that increasing soil profile depth to 15 m led to around 50% increase in water yield, and around 20% reduction in percolation with slight variations across the three rainfall scenarios. Evapotranspiration rates were slightly increased in deeper soil profiles. The sensitivity of evapotranspiration, surface runoff, and percolation to LAI‐related biophysical parameters was pronounced, highlighting the need to include such parameters in SWAT+ model calibration. The water uptake from deeper soil layers by deep roots, even in rocky substrates, as documented in the literature, is not adequately captured by the SWAT+ model. Our work showed that in general, developing local soil databases with detailed information on deeper layers is needed, to improve the accuracy and reliability of hydrological models in predicting water fluxes, thereby supporting informed water resources management decisions.