bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Capacity planning for wind, solar, thermal and energy storage in power generation systems considering coupled electricity‐carbon markets
Authors: Huan Jiajia , He Yuling , Sun Kai , Lu Hongchang , Wang Haipeng , Wu Xuewei 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe development of the carbon market is a strategic approach to promoting carbon emission restrictions and the growth of renewable energy. As the development of new hybrid power generation systems (HPGS) integrating wind, solar, and energy storage progresses, a significant challenge arises: how to incorporate the electricity‐carbon market mechanism into the planning of power system capacity. To address this challenge, this article proposes a coupled electricity‐carbon market and wind‐solar‐storage complementary hybrid power generation system model, aiming to maximize energy complementarity benefits and economic efficiency. The model employs a bi‐level optimization method based on the Improved Coati Optimization Algorithm (ICOA) to optimize the system's capacity planning. Simulations reveal that under the coupled electricity‐carbon market scenario, renewable energy capacity increases by 23% over a 5‐year planning period. Additionally, in this scenario, the total cost is 0.042% lower compared to the scenario without coupling. Under the constraint of a 30% renewable energy penetration rate, the capacity development of wind, solar, and storage surpasses thermal power, while demonstrating favourable total cost performance and the comprehensive complementarity index for HPGS. This model offers decision‐making support for optimizing energy resource allocation and improving system reliability and economic viability.
Aspiration after Anesthesia: Chemical versus Bacterial, Differential Diagnosis, Management, and Prevention
Authors: Battaglini Denise , De Rosa Silvia 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAspiration following anesthesia is a major patient issue and a difficulty for anesthesiologists. Aspiration syndromes are more common than anticipated, and the condition is frequently undetected. Clinical signs are often dictated by the characteristics of aspiration, such as the infectivity of the material, its volume, and the severity of the underlying clinical condition. Pulmonary aspiration can cause an acute or persistent inflammatory response in the lungs and upper airways that can be complicated by tracheobronchitis, aspiration pneumonia, aspiration pneumonitis, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and subsequent bacterial infection due to particle, acid, and bacteria-related processes. Aspiration during anesthesia, while relatively rare, poses significant risks for patient morbidity and mortality. Chemical and bacterial aspiration provide distinct diagnostic and management issues. Preventive strategies such as a complete preoperative risk assessment, adherence to fasting rules, proper patient positioning, and the use of protective airway devices are critical in reducing aspiration risk. In addition, drugs such as proton pump inhibitors can help lower stomach acidity and volume. Innovations in monitoring techniques, better training, and awareness activities are critical to enhancing aspiration event management. Given the importance of this entity, this narrative review sought to make an updated overview of the management of aspiration after anesthesia: chemical versus bacterial, differential diagnosis, management, and prevention.
Feasibility and benefit of decompressive percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (dPEG) in advanced cancer patients with malignant bowel obstruction
Authors: Wanzl Julia , Höfer Susanne , Schwamberger Tanja , Tadic Vidan , Muzalyova Anna , Hainsch-Müller Irmtraut , Aulmann Christoph , Messmann Helmut , Probst Andreas 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background and study aims Bowel obstruction is a common complication in advanced cancer patients. Patients are restricted in quality of life (QOL) due to nausea, vomiting, or abdominal pain. Prospective data on the feasibility and benefit of decompressive percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (dPEG) are scarce.
Patients and methods Patients suffering from symptomatic bowel obstruction due to advanced cancer were included prospectively in a single-center study when other treatments to eliminate the obstruction were impossible. Patients were given a questionnaire the day before dPEG (d-1) and, if the procedure was successful, the day after (d+1) and 14 days after the procedure (d14). Furthermore, lifetime after dPEG was assessed.
Results 53 patients were included. dPEG was technically feasible
in 34 of 53 (64.2%). Significant improvement could be shown for nausea and vomiting when
comparing d-1 to d+1 (nausea (P = 0.002), vomiting (P < 0.001)) and when comparing d-1 to d14 (P = 0.021 and P = 0.003, respectively). Comparing d+1 to
d14, there was no further improvement. QOL improved significantly from 8.1 (mean) on d-1 to
5.9 (mean) on d+1 (P < 0.001). Median survival after successful
dPEG was 27 days (range 2–353).
Conclusions dPEG is an effective method for quickly relieve symptoms of malignant bowel obstruction in advanced cancer patients. However, the technical success rate is limited and needs to be improved. Prospective studies comparing endoscopic and computed tomography-guided procedures are needed to avoid unsuccessful procedures in patients with advanced cancer and limited life expectancy.
Stimulus Rate Effect on Electrocochleogram Components in Adults with High Risk for Noise Exposure
Authors: Jamos Abdullah M. , Rickman Riley 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background Hidden hearing loss (HHL) is a newly described condition that has been associated with hearing thresholds within normal limits and poorer speech-in-noise (SIN) performance. Furthermore, HHL has been associated with an elevated or absent middle ear muscle reflex (MEMR). One of the leading factors causing HHL is exposure to noise, specifically in patients who experience temporary threshold shift. This study investigated the SIN performance and MEMR in individuals at risk for noise exposure. Additionally, this study investigated the auditory nerve response measured to different stimulation rates in order to evaluate the auditory nerve adaptation and potentially identify neural loss in individuals at risk for noise exposure.
Research Design Twenty-one young-adult participants (11 low-risk and 10 high-risk) were recruited to participate in the study. Participants were divided into a low-risk and high-risk group based on their noise exposure history and if they have experienced any signs of temporary threshold shift following noise exposure. SIN testing, distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs), MEMR, hearing thresholds, and electrocochleography (ECochG) were measured. Experimental protocol included measuring MEMR, word recognition scores in quiet and in noise (0 dB signal-to-noise ratio), and ECochG recordings at three rates (9.1, 37.1, and 71.1 clicks/seconds).
Data Analysis Descriptive statistics are provided for the different variables. Contingency tables were used to investigate the frequency of measuring normal MEMR between both groups. We also investigated the audiometric threshold, DPOAEs amplitude, and SIN results between groups using independent samples t-tests. Lastly, we investigated the effect of stimulation rate on the summating potential (SP) and action potential (AP) between groups using repeated measures analysis of variance with mixed effects.
Results No significant differences in hearing thresholds or DPOAEs amplitude at any tested frequency between both groups. Significantly larger number of participants in the high-risk group have abnormal MEMR compared with the low-risk group. Significantly poorer performance on SIN, smaller AP amplitude, and greater SP/AP amplitude ratio in the high-risk group. Furthermore, the AP amplitude adapted differently for the high-risk group with increasing stimulation rate compared with the low-risk group.
Conclusions The results of this study show that HHL is associated with poorer SIN performance and abnormal MEMR. Additionally, the significant reduction in AP amplitude and the degree of AP amplitude adaptation with change in stimulus rate might indicate loss of neural output in individuals with a history of noise exposure.
Clinical Outcome and Surgical Outcome of Moyamoya Disease after Combined Revascularization Performed at the Neurological Institute of Thailand
Authors: Yuthagovit Sarunya , Lertbutsayanuku Punjama , Tirakotai Wuttipong 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Objective Moyamoya disease is a chronic, progressive, intracranial steno-occlusive disease. Cerebral revascularization has proved that it is more beneficial than medical therapy for prevention of recurrent stroke. We aimed to report clinical and surgical outcome of moyamoya disease after combined revascularization in Thai population.
Materials and Methods From October 2015 to March 2023, patients diagnosed with moyamoya disease and were operated with combined revascularization were included. Patients were evaluated for hemodynamic state with preoperative and postoperative blood oxygenation level-dependent magnetic resonance (BOLD MR) imaging. Demographic data, serial imaging, surgical outcome, and clinical outcome were analyzed. Morbidity and mortality rates of surgery were reported. For clinical outcome evaluation, modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores were compared between preoperative and postoperative outcome. The mRS score of 0 to 2 signify good outcome after surgery.
Results There were a total of 55 patients. Ischemic stroke was the most common presentation (87.3%). Based on the Suzuki's classification, most of the patients were stage 3 and 4. Clinical outcome measured with mRS score had good outcome, 100% (mRS score 0–2). For surgical outcome, overall graft patency was 94.8%, overall complication rate was 6.5%, and mortality rate was zero. Mean follow-up duration was 44.5 ± 25.1 months. Recurrent stroke occurred in 1.3%, which was recurrent ischemic stroke.
Conclusion Combined revascularization in moyamoya disease in the Thai population has a good clinical outcome, an acceptable risk of complication, and a reduced recurrent rate of stroke. Clinical and surgical outcome should be studied in the long term with the use of BOLD MR with carbon dioxide stimuli for the evaluation of cerebral blood flow in the patient.
Epidemiology and Pathogenesis of Aspiration Pneumonia
Authors: Almirall Jordi , Boixeda Ramon , de la Torre Mari C. , Torres Antoni 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAspiration pneumonia (AP) remains a critical health issue, especially among older and hospitalized patients. This review focuses on understanding the epidemiology and pathogenesis of AP, exploring key risk factors, and proposing diagnostic strategies. Aspiration pneumonia is commonly associated with hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) and ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), where pathogens introduced into the lungs from gastric aspiration cause infection. Several factors, such as oropharyngeal dysphagia, silent aspiration, and poor oral health, contribute to increased risk, especially in frail elderly populations with chronic comorbidities. Diagnostic criteria for AP are not well-defined, complicating accurate diagnosis. Radiographic evidence of pulmonary infiltrates, history of aspiration, and clinical symptoms, such as cough and fever, guide diagnosis, but the absence of specific biomarkers remains a challenge. Furthermore, the microbiome of the lung, which shares characteristics with the oropharyngeal flora, plays a pivotal role in the development of infection. The incidence of AP is likely to increase given the growing elderly population with factors predisposing them to aspiration. It is one of the most common types of pneumonia in older adults, with its prevalence estimated to range from 5% to 24% in cases of CAP admissions. This revision highlights the growing need for comprehensive diagnostic tools and treatment protocols for AP, especially in high-risk populations such as the elderly and those in long-term care. Understanding the underlying mechanisms and the role of silent aspiration can improve prevention strategies and reduce morbidity and mortality in these vulnerable groups.
Transverse Testicular Ectopy and an Incarcerated Inguinal Hernia in a 2-Month-Old Preterm Boy
Authors: Kordasz Marcin Lech , Nakhleh Michael , Matissek Christoph , Mack Alexander , Krebs Thomas Franz , Haecker Frank-Martin 
Published: November 2024

AbstractTransverse testicular ectopy (TTE) is a rare anomaly in which both testicles descend through the same inguinal canal. Different variants of this anomaly exist, with the most common presenting as two separate spermatic cords and testicular vessel bundles. The management of this condition is challenging, as various factors have to be considered. We report on a 2-month-old preterm boy with TTE, admitted to the hospital due to an ipsilateral incarcerated inguinal hernia. Diagnostic workup included a physical examination revealing a large swelling in the right groin, ultrasound imaging that showed both testicles located in the right inguinal canal, and laboratory tests indicating a deficiency of anti-Mullerian hormone. All of these findings confirmed the diagnosis of TTE. Surgical treatment included diagnostic laparoscopy with herniorrhaphy, followed by inguinal revision with transseptal orchidopexy in a second procedure. The 12-month follow-up was uneventful. Though rare, TTE is an important differential diagnosis in case of an incarcerated hernia combined with (contralateral) empty scrotum. Pediatric surgeons must be aware of this entity. Meticulous diagnostic workup and careful surgical management are mandatory.
Possible Fano effect and suppression of Andreev reflection in La3Ni2O7
Authors: Yang Yi-feng 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The recently-discovered high-temperature superconductor La$_3$Ni$_2$O$_7$ under high pressure has stimulated intensive debates. Key controversies concern interlayer versus intralayer pairing scenarios and if the hybridization plays a key role in establishing the superconductivity. But experimental clarification is difficult due to the limitation of employing state-of-the-art techniques under high pressure. Here we propose that quasiparticle tunneling and Andreev reflection may provide a feasible way to distinguish different pairing scenarios. We predict that an asymmetric Fano line shape may be induced by the hybridization between the $d_{x^2-y^2}$ metallic bands and the strongly renormalized flat $d_{z^2}$ quasiparticle bands. In the superconducting state, we show that the Andreev reflection should be greatly suppressed for interlayer pairing superconductivity with a small interlayer hopping. We propose future experiments to examine these predictions and help clarify the fundamental physics of superconducting La$_3$Ni$_2$O$_7$ and other multilayer nickelate superconductors.
Life on a closed timelike curve
Authors: Gavassino L 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We study the internal dynamics of a hypothetical spaceship traveling on a close timelike curve in an axially symmetric Universe. We choose the curve so that the generator of evolution in proper time is the angular momentum. Using Wigner’s theorem, we prove that the energy levels internal to the spaceship must undergo spontaneous discretization. The level separation turns out to be finely tuned so that, after completing a roundtrip of the curve, all systems are back to their initial state. This implies, for example, that the memories of an observer inside the spaceship are necessarily erased by the end of the journey. More in general, if there is an increase in entropy, a Poincaré cycle will eventually reverse it by the end of the loop, forcing entropy to decrease back to its initial value. We show that such decrease in entropy is in agreement with the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis. The non-existence of time-travel paradoxes follows as a rigorous corollary of our analysis.
Manipulating Floquet-driven topological insulator with off-resonant elliptically polarized light in presence of hexagonal Fermi surface warping
Authors: Agrawal Neetu 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The irradiation of topological insulator surface with elliptically polarized light modifies the topological properties in a phase-dependent manner impacting the Floquet Chern number which is a crucial topological invariant associated with such driven systems. Employing Floquet theory in presence of hexagonal warping term in the Dirac fermion Hamiltonian under off-resonant conditions, we derive an effective Hamiltonian that highlights distinct features in the Floquet-Dirac surface states. Specifically, we identify a helicity and ellipticity-dependent mass term in the quasi-static Hamiltonian, breaking time reversal symmetry. This mass term changes sign with variations in the helicity and ellipticity of incident radiation, potentially driving the system into trivial or Floquet-Chern topological insulating phases. We calculate the Berry curvature associated with the bandstructure and the resulting anomalous Hall conductivity, finding a strong dependence on the ellipticity and amplitude of the radiation.
Spin polarisation and non-isotropic effective mass in the conduction band of GdN
Authors: Holmes-Hewett W F , Trewick E X M , Trodahl H J , Buckley R G , Ruck B J 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
GdN is a ferromagnetic semiconductor which has seen increasing interest in the preceding decades particularly in the areas of spin- and superconducting- based electronics. Here we report a detailed computational and optical spectroscopy study of the electronic structure of stoichiometric and nitrogen vacancy doped GdN. Based on our calculations we provide the effective mass tensor for undoped GdN, and some indicative values for electron doped GdN. Such a property is valuable as it can affect device design, and can be measured experimentally to validate the existing computation results.
Phenomenological study of acoustic emissions generated by gear meshing in planetary gearboxes
Authors: Leaman Félix 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This study explores the frequency content of the envelope spectrum of acoustic emission (AE) signals from planetary gearboxes. Since AE signals contain continuous AE and burst-type AE, it is important to determine how different types of amplitude modulation affect these components. Phenomenological simulations of the AE signals were conducted to analyze the influence of the modulations. This approach quantitatively determines how the different harmonics in the envelope spectrum change depending on the level and type of modulation. The modulations under analysis are sinusoidal and single square wave. The simulations indicate that sidebands at the planet gear pass frequency around the gear mesh components are mainly attributed to the modulation of AE bursts, while harmonics at the planet gear pass frequency are primarily attributed to the modulation of the continuous AE. An application case to a wind turbine gearbox is also presented. The study highlights the influence of normal modulations or fault-related modulations in the AE envelope spectra from planetary gearboxes. It provides meaningful insights for establishing AE technology as a consistent condition monitoring technique for planetary gearboxes. The main practical value of the research is providing guidelines for the correct interpretation of AE envelope spectra in planetary gearboxes, which is crucial for avoiding gear failures.
MLAD: Manifest and latent anomaly detection based on the integration of reconstruction and MLFP-KNN methods
Authors: Shao Pengyan , Lu Tongwei 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In the realm of industrial manufacturing, anomaly detection technologies are essential for enhancing production efficiency. This paper aims to optimize the detection of anomalies in industrial manufacturing settings by introducing a novel framework manifest and latent anomaly detection (MLAD). Firstly, we redefine anomalies as manifest and latent, further subdividing the original categories of structural and logical anomalies. To address the issue of insufficient feature space information utilization in previous reconstruction-based methods, which led to inadequate detection of latent anomalies, we combine a reconstruction-based approach with the multi-layer feature pyramid k-nearest neighbors technique. Additionally, we introduce a Hybrid Attention mechanism to refine the autoencoder’s reconstruction process, thereby enhancing the detection of latent anomalies and increasing overall accuracy. Our experiments on the MVTec LOCO AD dataset demonstrate that MLAD achieves a significant improvement in anomaly detection, with an Image-level AUROC score of 90.8% and Pixel-level AU-sPRO of 79.3%. The integration of the Hybrid Attention mechanism significantly boosts the precision of anomaly detection, highlighting the effectiveness of our approach in enhancing industrial anomaly detection capabilities. The framework provides a more nuanced understanding of industrial defects, contributing valuable insights and practical improvements to the field of industrial anomaly detection.
Prediction of normal tissue complication probability for rat spinal cord tolerance following ion irradiations
Authors: Casali Alice , Ramos Ricardo Luis , Ballarini Francesca , Carante Mario Pietro 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objective. Currently, treatment planning in cancer hadrontherapy relies on dose-volume criteria and physical quantities constraints. However, incorporating biologically related models of tumor control probability and of normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) would help further minimizing adverse tissue reactions, and would allow achieving a more patient-specific strategy. The aim of this work was therefore the development of a mechanistic approach to predict NTCP for late tissue reactions following ion irradiation. Approach. A dataset on the tolerance of the rat spinal cord was considered, providing NTCP (for paresis of at least grade II) experimental data following irradiation by photons, protons, helium and carbon ions, under different fractionation schemes. The photon data were fit by a mechanistic NTCP model with four parameters, called Critical Element Model; this allowed fixing the two parameters that only depend on the tissue features. Afterwards, the two parameters depending on radiation quality were predicted by applying the BIophysical ANalysis of Cell death and chromosome Aberrations biophysical model, for each ion type and dose-averaged linear energy transfer value. Main results. The predicted NTCP curves for ion irradiation were tested against the ion experimental data, by Chi-Square and p-value calculations. The model passed a significance test at 1% for all the datasets, and 5% for 13 out of 16 datasets, thus showing a good predictive power. The Relative biological effectiveness (RBE) was also calculated and compared with the data for the endpoint of NTCP equal to 50

%

, and a considerable discrepancy with the commonly calculated RBE for cell survival was shown. Significance. This study highlights the importance of considering the endpoint of interest when computing the RBE, through the application of a NTCP model, and it represents a first step towards the development of an approach to improve treatment plan optimization in therapy. To this aim, the approach needs to be extended to other endpoints and to be applied to patients’ data.