bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“Los forjadores de hombres”: Disputas por el control de las escuelas y el espacio público en comunidades mineras mexicanas, 1917-1978.
Authors: Esquivel René Medina 
Published: November 2018

El proyecto educativo de los gobiernos posrevolucionarios tuvo especial importancia en el proceso de consolidación del nuevo Estado y en establecimiento de una alianza con los trabajadores de la minería, a fin de disputar el control de esta industria a las grandes empresas trasnacionales. La Constitución mexicana de 1917 eliminó la concepción liberal de las leyes y restableció el principio de dominio y propiedad de la nación sobre los bienes del subsuelo. Pero el Estado mexicano tuvo que emprender una larga lucha para disputar a las empresas extranjeras el control sobre aspectos económicos, laborales, tributarios y sociales de la minería. El propósito de este trabajo es mostrar esta relación conflictiva en el marco de las comunidades mineras como ámbito de disputas por el control de las escuelas y el espacio público.Palabras clave: Proyecto de enclave, proyecto nacionalista posrevolucionario, comunidades mineras. ResumoO projeto educativo dos governos posrevolucionairos tiveram especial importancia no proceso de consolidação do novo Estado e no estabelecimento de uma aliança com os trabalhadores da mineiração, a fim de disputar o controle desta industria às grandes empresas transnacionais. AConstituição mexicana de 1917 eliminou a concepção liberal das leis e restabeleceu o principio de dominio e propriedade da nação sobre os bens do subsolo. Mas o Estado mexicano teve que emprender uma longa luta para disputar com as empresas estrangeiras o controle sobre aspectos económicos, laboráis, tributarios e sociais da mineiração. O propósito deste trabalho é mostrar esta relação confitiva no marco das comunidades mineiras no âmbito de disputas pelo controle das escolas e o espaço público.Palavras-chave: Projeto de “enclave”, projeto nacionalista posrevolucionario, comunidades mineiras. AbstractThe Education Project of the Post-revolutionary Government was especially important in the consolidation of the new State. Using the education project, the Government established an alliance with the mining workers to fight for the control that the great transnational companies wanted. The Mexican Constitution of 1917 eliminated the concept of liberal laws, and re-established the principle of national domain and property of the subsoil goods and chattels. The Mexican State had to fight a long battle to dispute the control of economic, work, social, and tributary aspects of mining, with foreign companies. The purpose of this paper was to present the conflictive relationship between the Government and the transnational companies. The mining communities were the realm of dispute over control of schools and public spaces.Key Words: “Enclave” Project, National Post-revolutionary Project, Mining Communities.
Effect of a construction educational protocol on nursesâ€™ knowledge, performance and its effect on patient satisfaction undergoing cardiac catheterization
Authors: Eaid Elgazzar Samia , Ismail Keshk Lamiaa 
Published: November 2018

Cardiac Catheterization is a life-threatening health problem, which needs standardized intervention policies, as well as it requires health provider to be skillful and high qualify to attain highest effect of management. This study aimed to investigate the effect of a construction educational protocol on nurses' knowledge, performance and its effect on patient satisfaction undergoing cardiac catheterization.Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducting in catheterization, intensive care and cardiac care unit at general Port Said hospital in Port Said city â€“ Egypt including all nurses were worked at those units (51) and all patients admitted to cardiac catheterization unit within 6 month. Data was collected through Socio -Demographic data sheet, structured questionnaire to assess knowledge, observational checklist to assess nurses' performance and tools to assess patient sociodemographic data and patient satisfaction.Results: There was increase nurses knowledge and performance in the post educational protocol in all domains of care regarding cardiac catheterization. While, majority of patients were satisfied for the nursing care before, during and post cardiac catheterization procedure that rendered by nurses that have educational protocol. Also, strong positive correlation between nursesâ€™ knowledge and patient satisfaction at post educational protocol with statistical significant differences.Recommendation: updating knowledge and performance of nurses through implementation continuing educational protocol about cardiac catheterization; strict observation of nurses' performance when caring for cardiac catheterization patients and provision of guidance to improve of satisfaction.Â Â
Assessment and comparison of the levels of N-nitrosonornicotine and 4-(n-methyl-n â€“nitrosamino) -1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone in the saliva of tobacco chewers and non- chewers -a hospital based study
Authors: Harpreet Kaur Gandhoke Dr , Vasanti Lagali Jirge Dr , Anjana Bagewadi Dr 
Published: November 2018

Background: Studies estimating the Tobacco- specific nitrosamines, (TSNAâ€™s) which are the strongest carcinogens in the saliva oftobacco users and tobacco quitters, are limited.Objectives: To assess and compare the levels of N- nitrosamines (NNN, NNK) in the saliva of tobacco chewers and non -chewersÂ including those who have quit the habit of tobacco use.Methods: The study included 120 patients who were divided into three groups of 40 each: Group I- Smokeless tobacco chewersGroup II- Tobacco chewers who have completely stopped the habit at least 2 weeks prior to sample collection andGroup III- non-chewers. The salivary levels of two tobacco specific nitrosamines; NNN & NNK levels were estimated in the three study groups. Statistical analysis was done by Kruskalâ€“ Wallis, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test, Mann-Whitney U test. (p-value < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant)Results: In Group I, the mean level of NNN was 651.84 Â± 359.78 and mean level of NNK was 168.32 Â± 131.83. In Group II, the mean level of NNN was 119.52 Â± 95.05 and mean level of NNK was 42.78 Â± 43.19. In Group III, the mean level of NNN was 3.44 Â±6.55 and mean level of NNK was 1.98 Â± 3.68. There was a statistical difference in the 3 groups with respect to mean levels of NNN and NNK.Conclusion: The study indicated that salivary tobacco-specific nitrosamines are elevated in tobacco chewers. Saliva can be used to detect TSNAâ€™s and screen for TSNAâ€™s during each patientâ€™s de-addiction process.Â Â
You canâ€™t b. cereus: an unusual presentation of bacillus cereus
Authors: Hamant Laura , Samareh-Jahani Farmin , Muna Aguon MD Paul , Swofford DO Brenen , Marston MD Thomas , Nanda MD Alisha , Crawford MD Julie 
Published: November 2018

We present a case of a 74-year- old male with a complicated medical history who was admitted to theWe present a case of a 74-year-old male with a complicated medical history who was admitted to the medical floor for evaluation and management of failure to thrive and malnutrition. On hospital day 9 he became febrile and blood cultures were found to be positive for B. cereus and Enterobacter cloacae, which were persistent. He had an extensive negative workup for the cause of his bacteremia, however, we present a number of possibilities from his presentation and a literature review. Our case was consistent with other cases in the literature as our patient could be considered immunocompromised secondary to malnutrition and type II diabetes. B. cereus in blood cultures is often considered a contaminant but can be true bacteremia and should be worked up if multiple blood cultures are positive or if there is a clinical suspicion.Â Â
Determination of attitudes of physical education teacher candidates towards profession<p>Beden eğitimi öğretmeni adaylarının mesleğe yönelik tutumlarının belirlenmesi
Authors: Serdar Emrah , Harmandar Demirel Duygu , Demirel Mehmet 
Published: November 2018

In this study, it was tried to determine the attitudes of teacher candidates towards the profession and to determine whether different variables were effective. 397 pre-service teachers selected through appropriate sampling were used in the study. In the study, Erkuş et al. (2000) developed and “Attitude Scale on Teaching” which is a one-dimensional measurement tool that is quadruple likert type scale was used. Analysis of the data; Descriptive methods, Mann Whitney U and Kruskal Wallis tests were used. Findings of the study: according to “Age”, “Status of doing sports”, “Class” and “Job Satisfaction Levels” showed a significant difference in total scores of “AST” (p <0.05). The average scores of the participants in AST show a generally positive attitude. Consequently, can be concluded that the attitudes of PE teacher candidates towards the profession differ according to some variables.Extended English summary is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file. ÖzetBu araştırmayla öğretmen adaylarının mesleğe yönelik tutumlarının belirlenmesi ve bu anlamda farklı değişkenlerin etkili olup olmadığı belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Araştırmada uygun örnekleme yoluyla seçilen 397 öğretmen adayı kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada Erkuş ve ark. tarafından (2000) geliştirilen ve tek boyutlu bir ölçme aracı olan “Öğretmenliğe İlişkin Tutum Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Analizlerde; betimsel istatistik yöntemlerinin yanı sıra Mann Whitney U ve Kruskal Wallis testlerinden faydalanılmıştır. Araştırma bulgularında: “Yaş”, “Spor Yapma Durumu”, “Sınıf” ve “Meslekten Memnuniyetlik Düzeylerine” göre “ÖİTÖ” toplam puanlarında manidar bir fark bulunmuştur (p<0.05). Katılımcıların “ÖİTÖ” aldıkları ortalama puanları genel olarak olumlu tutumu göstermektedir. Sonuç olarak ise, Beden eğitimi öğretmeni adaylarının mesleğe yönelik tutumlarınların bazı değişkenlere göre farklılıştığı sonucuna varılabilir.
The Cambridge and the Exeter Book Physiologi: Associative Imagery, Allegorical Circularity, and Isidorean Organization
Authors: Salvador-Bello Mercedes , Gutiérrez-Ortiz Mar 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
The Physiologus has survived in some twenty-four manuscripts, two of which are of English origin: Cambridge, Corpus Christi College, 448, and Exeter, Cathedral Library, 3501. The latter codex, also known as the Exeter Book, contains a verse Physiologus (fols. 95v–98r) in Old English. In turn, the Cambridge manuscript provides a Latin prose Physiologus (fols. 88r–89r). These two texts bear witness to the knowledge of the Physiologus in the late Anglo-Saxon period and constitute the central piece of evidence extant for the dissemination of this work in England. Even though the two versions are formally and stylistically different, the manuscripts in which they occur are roughly contemporary and both of them are of Southern provenance. Each of these Physiologi comprises three chapters describing three animals: lion, unicorn and panther in the case of the Cambridge Physiologus, and panther, whale and an unknown bird – whose identification is problematic due to a textual gap – in the Exeter codex. Despite these striking affinities, no scholarly work has offered a comparative study of the two Physiologi, with the exception of Andrea Rossi-Reder’s unpublished PhD dissertation (1992), and only passing reference has been made to the Cambridge Physiologus in discussions of the better‑known Exeter text.
In order to remedy this critical neglect, the present article offers a detailed analysis of both Physiologi, together with a first edition of the Latin text. As we will show, the Cambridge and the Exeter Physiologi share the same cultural background and apply similar compilation criteria. In both cases, the zoological motifs were selected according to organizational principles based on Isidore’s Etymologiae, such as the animals’ unclean character and size. In both, too, the creatures described are interconnected by means of recurrent associative imagery and an allegorical circular design. This combination of encyclopedic criteria and the sensory characterization of the animals discloses remarkable parallelisms in the structure and the compositional technique of these two Physiologi. Moreover, this analogous organizational method offers additional evidence to support Michael D. C. Drout’s hypothesis that the bird described in the fragmentary third chapter of the Exeter version is the phoenix instead of the partridge, as some other scholars had traditionally maintained. Our reading also effectively harmonizes with the eschatological and anagogic elements which have been pointed out for the third chapter of the Exeter Physiologus, as well as with the allegorical and tropological roles of the panther and the whale.
Binding by objects in Polish docs and please-type double object unaccusatives: Testing theoretical accounts
Authors: Gogłoza Aleksandra , Łęska Paulina 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Our paper focuses on binding relations in the Polish piacere-type psychological verb podobać się ‘to please’. In particular, we aim to test the make-up of the argument structure of this verb, which is taken in the literature to be of a double object unaccusative verb (Belletti and Rizzi 1988; Miechowicz-Mathiasen and Scheffler 2008; Jiménez-Fernández and Rozwadowska 2016; a.o.). To this end, we conduct an experimental study, which examines the ability of pre-verbally spelled-out NOM and DAT arguments of podobać się to bind possessive pronouns/reflexives. As a point of reference, we use the results of our previous study on binding relations in Polish double object constructions (DOCs). The study revealed that the higher object, in [Spec;VP], can bind only a possessive pronoun, and not a possessive reflexive embedded in the lower object. The results of our present study display analogous binding relations in podobać się, which provides an argument in favor of the double object unaccusative structure of this verb. Based on our results, we advance a theoretical account of binding in podobać się, which assumes the Index Theory of Binding (Hestvik 1992; Nikolaeva 2014) together with a slightly modified version of a recent analysis of podobać się put forward in Jiménez-Fernández and Rozwadowska (2016).
Zippeite from Cap Garonne, France: an example of reticular twinning
Authors: Plášil Jakub , Petříček Václav , Mills Stuart J. , Favreau Georges , Galea-Clolus Valérie 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
We describe here the case of twinning by reticular (pseudo)merohedry in case of natural zippeite crystal from Cap Garonne, France. The twin is by two-fold rotation in [100] and it is a first document of this type of twinning in zippeite-related minerals and compounds. Zippeite crystals from Cap Garonne mine, France, were studied by single-crystal X-ray diffraction [a=8.7243(4), b=13.9337(7), c=8.8741(4) Å, β=104.243(5) and V=1045.59(9) Å3, Z=2, in C2/m]; refinement taking into account of the twinning resulted in R=2.81% for 1596 reflections with [I>3σ(I)] and refined twin fraction 0.7773(9):0.2227(9).
A Gate-and-Switch Model for Head Orientation Behaviors inCaenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Ouellette Marie-Hélène , Desrochers Melanie J. , Gheta Ioana , Ramos Ryan , Hendricks Michael 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe nervous system seamlessly integrates perception and action. This ability is essential for stable representation of and appropriate responses to the external environment. How the sensorimotor integration underlying this ability occurs at the level of individual neurons is of keen interest. InCaenorhabditis elegans, RIA interneurons receive input from sensory pathways and have reciprocal connections with head motor neurons. RIA simultaneously encodes both head orientation and sensory stimuli, which may allow it to integrate these two signals to detect the spatial distribution of stimuli across head sweeps and generate directional head responses. Here, we show that blocking synaptic release from RIA disrupts head orientation behaviors in response to unilaterally presented stimuli. We found that sensory encoding in RIA is gated according to head orientation. This dependence on head orientation is independent of motor encoding in RIA, suggesting a second, posture-dependent pathway upstream of RIA. This gating mechanism may allow RIA to selectively attend to stimuli that are asymmetric across head sweeps. Attractive odor removal during head bends triggers rapid head withdrawal in the opposite direction. Unlike sensory encoding, this directional response is dependent on motor inputs to and synaptic output from RIA. Together, these results suggest that RIA is part of a sensorimotor pathway that is dynamically regulated according to head orientation at two levels: the first is a gate that filters sensory representations in RIA, and the second is a switch that routes RIA synaptic output to dorsal or ventral head motor neurons.
Optogenetic Dissection of Temporal Dynamics of Amygdala-Striatal Interplay during Risk/Reward Decision Making
Authors: Bercovici Debra A. , Princz-Lebel Oren , Tse Maric T. , Moorman David E. , Floresco Stan B. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractDecision making often requires weighing costs and benefits of different options that vary in terms of reward magnitude and uncertainty. Previous studies using pharmacological inactivations have shown that the basolateral amygdala (BLA) to nucleus accumbens (NAc) pathway promotes choice towards larger/riskier rewards. Neural activity in BLA and NAc shows distinct, phasic changes in firing prior to choice and following action outcomes, yet, how these temporally-discrete patterns of activity within BLA→NAc circuitry influence choice is unclear. We assessed how optogenetic silencing of BLA terminals in the NAc altered action selection during probabilistic decision making. Rats received intra-BLA infusions of viruses encoding the inhibitory opsin eArchT and were well trained on a probabilistic discounting task, where they chose between smaller/certain rewards and larger rewards delivered in a probabilistic manner, with the odds of obtaining the larger reward changing over a session (50–12.5%). During testing, activity of BLA→NAc inputs were suppressed with 4- to 7-s pulses of light delivered via optic fibers into the NAc during discrete task events: prior to choice or after choice outcomes. Inhibition prior to choice reduced selection of the preferred option, suggesting that during deliberation, BLA→NAc activity biases choice towards preferred rewards. Inhibition during reward omissions increased risky choice during the low-probability block, indicating that activity after non-rewarded actions serves to modify subsequent choice. In contrast, silencing during rewarded outcomes did not reliably affect choice. These data demonstrate how patterns of activity in BLA→NAc circuitry convey different types of information that guide action selection in situations involving reward uncertainty.
Layer 3 Dynamically Coordinates Columnar Activity According to Spatial Context
Authors: Plomp Gijs , Larderet Ivan , Fiorini Matilde , Busse Laura 
Published: November 2018

To reduce statistical redundancy of natural inputs and increase the sparseness of coding, neurons in primary visual cortex (V1) show tuning for stimulus size and surround suppression. This integration of spatial information is a fundamental, context-dependent neural operation involving extensive neural circuits that span across all cortical layers of a V1 column, and reflects both feedforward and feedback processing. However, how spatial integration is dynamically coordinated across cortical layers remains poorly understood. We recorded single- and multiunit activity and local field potentials across V1 layers of awake mice (both sexes) while they viewed stimuli of varying size and used dynamic Bayesian model comparisons to identify when laminar activity and interlaminar functional interactions showed surround suppression, the hallmark of spatial integration. We found that surround suppression is strongest in layer 3 (L3) and L4 activity, where suppression is established within ∼10 ms after response onset, and receptive fields dynamically sharpen while suppression strength increases. Importantly, we also found that specific directed functional connections were strongest for intermediate stimulus sizes and suppressed for larger ones, particularly for connections from L3 targeting L5 and L1. Together, the results shed light on the different functional roles of cortical layers in spatial integration and on how L3 dynamically coordinates activity across a cortical column depending on spatial context.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTNeurons in primary visual cortex (V1) show tuning for stimulus size, where responses to stimuli exceeding the receptive field can be suppressed (surround suppression). We demonstrate that functional connectivity between V1 layers can also have a surround-suppressed profile. A particularly prominent role seems to have layer 3, the functional connections to layers 5 and 1 of which are strongest for stimuli of optimal size and decreased for large stimuli. Our results therefore point toward a key role of layer 3 in coordinating activity across the cortical column according to spatial context.
Perturbations of Transcription and Gene Expression-Associated Processes Alter Distribution of Cell Size Values inSaccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Maitra Nairita , Anandhakumar Jayamani , Blank Heidi M , Kaplan Craig D , Polymenis Michael 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe question of what determines whether cells are big or small has been the focus of many studies because it is thought that such determinants underpin the coupling of cell growth with cell division. In contrast, what determines the overall pattern of how cell size is distributed within a population of wild type or mutant cells has received little attention. Knowing how cell size varies around a characteristic pattern could shed light on the processes that generate such a pattern and provide a criterion to identify its genetic basis. Here, we show that cell size values of wild type Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells fit a gamma distribution, in haploid and diploid cells, and under different growth conditions. To identify genes that influence this pattern, we analyzed the cell size distributions of all single-gene deletion strains in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We found that yeast strains which deviate the most from the gamma distribution are enriched for those lacking gene products functioning in gene expression, especially those in transcription or transcription-linked processes. We also show that cell size is increased in mutants carrying altered activity substitutions in Rpo21p/Rpb1, the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II (Pol II). Lastly, the size distribution of cells carrying extreme altered activity Pol II substitutions deviated from the expected gamma distribution. Our results are consistent with the idea that genetic defects in widely acting transcription factors or Pol II itself compromise both cell size homeostasis and how the size of individual cells is distributed in a population.