bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Resolvin E1 (RvE1) attenuates LPS induced inflammation and subsequent atrophy in C2C12 myotubes
Authors: Baker Luke A. , Martin Neil R. W. , Kimber Marc C. , Pritchard Gareth J. , Lindley Martin R. , Lewis Mark P. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractResolution of inflammation is now known to be an active process which in part is instigated and controlled by specialized pro‐resolving lipid mediators (SPM's) derived from dietary omega‐3 fatty acids. Resolvin E1 (RvE1) is one of these SPM's derived from the omega‐3 fatty acid eicosapentaenoic acid. Using both molecular and phenotypic functional measures we report that in a model of Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced inflammation, RvE1 attenuated mRNA levels of both interlukin‐6 and monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1 whilst having no effect on tumor necrosis factor‐α or interlukin‐1β in C2C12 skeletal muscle myotubes. Findings at the molecular level were transferred into similar changes in extracellular protein levels of the corresponding genes with the greatest attenuation being noted in IL‐6 protein concentrations. RvE1 instigated beneficial morphological changes through the prevention of LPS induced skeletal muscle atrophy, in tandem with attenuation of the LPS induced reduction in contractile force in tissue engineered skeletal muscle. These findings demonstrate, in our model of endotoxin induced inflammation in skeletal muscle, that RvE1 has pro‐resolving properties in this cell type. Our data provides rationale for further investigation into the mechanistic action of RvE1 in skeletal muscle, with the vision of having potential benefits for the prevention/resolution of in‐vivo skeletal muscle atrophy.
Falsely elevated human epididymis protein 4 results and Risk of Ovarian Malignancy Algorithm in polymorbid women after solid organ transplantation: A pilot and case‐control study
Authors: Franeková Janka , Cindr Josef , Lavríková Petra , Komrsková Jitka , Sečník Peter , Lánská Věra , Jabor Antonín 
Published: March 2018

BackgroundCancer prevention is essential after transplantation (Tx). The use of HE4 and Risk of Ovarian Malignancy Algorithm (ROMA) is recommended as a tool for selective ovarian cancer screening; however, creatinine is a known confounder. This study assessed the reliability of HE4, CA125, and ROMA after Tx.MethodsWe matched a total of 202 women without gynecological malignancies and 236 men by age and serum creatinine. Each pair consisted of a patient after Tx (kidney, liver, heart, and pancreas) and a diseased but non‐Tx consecutive patient. Serum HE4, CA125 (Roche Cobas 6000), and creatinine (enzymatic, Abbott Architect) were measured in all patients.ResultsCreatinine correlated with HE4 (women: r = .864, P < .0001; men: r = .848, P < .0001). Age correlated slightly with HE4 in women (r = .250, P < .005) and men (r = .240, P < .0005). HE4 in women after Tx (median of 84.8 pmol/L) was significantly higher than non‐Tx women (53.7 pmol/L, P < .0001) in the reference range of serum creatinine. Neither HE4 nor CA125 correlated with tacrolimus concentration, but anemia, hyperparathyroidism, kidney, liver, and lung diseases were possible confounders for HE4 after transplantation (P < .05).ConclusionHuman epididymis protein 4 (HE4) was significantly increased in women after solid organ transplantation compared to levels without transplants matched by age and serum creatinine. HE4 results may be misleading in these patients.
Significance and indications for reoperative portoenterostomy in biliary atresia in light of long‐term outcome
Authors: Saito Takeshi , Terui Keita , Mitsunaga Tetsuya , Nakata Mitsuyuki , Komatsu Shugo , Yoshida Hideo 
Published: March 2018

AbstractBackgroundAmong biliary atresia (BA) patients undergoing revision following failed portoenterostomy, long‐term native liver survival (NLS), physical condition, and indications for revision were explored.MethodsFrom 1977–2015, 33 of 95 BA patients (35%) at our institution underwent revision. Ten‐ and 20‐year NLS rates (NLSRs) and biochemical statuses of 20‐year‐old native liver survivors were compared between post‐portoenterostomy BA patients with and without history of revision. Factors associated with 10‐year NLS following revision and optimal cut‐offs for potential predictors were analyzed.ResultsOverall 10‐ and 20‐year NLSRs were 57% and 54%, respectively. Ten‐ and 20‐year NLSRs were 49% and 45% in the revision group and 63% and 61% in the non‐revision group, respectively. Among 20‐year‐old native liver survivors, differences in admission rates between ages 10–20 years were not significant for cholangitis (revision, 46%; non‐revision, 40%; P = 0.30) or portal hypertension (revision, 38%; non‐revision, 15%; P = 0.21). Differences in hepatobiliary function‐associated blood tests between these groups at 20 years old were only significant for aspartate aminotransferase (P = 0.02) and gamma‐glutamyl transpeptidase (P = 0.047). Among potential predictors of 10‐year NLS that we investigated, rate of change in total bilirubin (TB) over the first month post‐portoenterostomy was best (P = 0.0019), and the receiver operating characteristic curve revealed an optimal cut‐off for this first‐month change in TB of −3.7 mg/dl (area under the curve, 0.85; sensitivity, 0.79; specificity, 0.83).ConclusionsIn approximately half of the patients, revision provided 10‐ and 20‐year NLS, and biochemical status at 20 years old was comparable across revision and non‐revision patients. Rate of change in TB during the first month post‐portoenterostomy offers a sensitive predictor of revision.
Rapid synthesis of maleimide functionalized fluorine‐18 labeled prosthetic group using “radio‐fluorination on the Sep‐Pak” method
Authors: Basuli Falguni , Zhang Xiang , Jagoda Elaine M. , Choyke Peter L. , Swenson Rolf E. 
Published: March 2018

Following our recently published fluorine‐18 labeling method, “Radio‐fluorination on the Sep‐Pak”, we have successfully synthesized 6‐[18F]fluoronicotinaldehyde by passing a solution (1:4 acetonitrile: t‐butanol) of its quaternary ammonium salt precursor, 6‐(N,N,N‐trimethylamino)nicotinaldehyde trifluoromethanesulfonate (2), through a fluorine‐18 containing anion exchange cartridge (PS‐HCO3). Over 80% radiochemical conversion was observed using 10 mg of precursor within 1 minute. The [18F]fluoronicotinaldehyde ([18F]5) was then conjugated with 1‐(6‐(aminooxy)hexyl)‐1H‐pyrrole‐2,5‐dione to prepare the fluorine‐18 labeled maleimide functionalized prosthetic group, 6‐[18F]fluoronicotinaldehyde O‐(6‐(2,5‐dioxo‐2,5‐dihydro‐1H‐pyrrol‐1‐yl)hexyl) oxime, 6‐[18F]FPyMHO ([18F]6). The current Sep‐Pak method not only improves the overall radiochemical yield (50 ± 9%, decay‐corrected, n = 9) but also significantly reduces the synthesis time (from 60‐90 minutes to 30 minutes) when compared with literature methods for the synthesis of similar prosthetic groups.
Hydration of monosaccharides studied by Raman scattering
Authors: Ruggiero Ludovica , Sodo Armida , Bruni Fabio , Ricci Maria Antonietta 
Published: March 2018

AbstractWe report a Raman spectroscopy study of glucose, fructose, and mannose. The spectra have been recorded for the dry powders and for solutions in H2O and D2O and commented in the so‐called “fingerprint region” of the spectra (200–1,400 cm−1), in order to study the influence of the interaction with water on the solute vibrational modes. We have evidenced splitting of some bands, due to the presence of different anomers in solution. The isotopic substitution of the solvent has allowed in some instances to confirm the band assignment and, in other cases, to propose new assignments. Importantly, the isotopic substitution of the solvent has evidenced differences in the interaction of the investigated monosaccharides with water, which are rationalized as due to a balance between the inertia of the oscillator due to H‐bonding and bond strength. In particular, glucose and fructose interact strongly with water, whereas in the case of mannose, we have observed a weaker interaction with water and a different behaviour of its anomers.
Kinetics, Thermodynamics, and Isothermic Evaluation in Sorption Study of Hazardous Dye Using Sodium Dodecylsulfate Physically Impregnated in Polyester‐Type Polyurethane Foam
Authors: Shirke Amit G. , Parekh Paresh , Dholakiya Bharatkumar , Kuperkar Ketan 
Published: March 2018

AbstractUse of polyester‐type polyurethane foam (PUF) is an effective adsorbent for the removal of hazardous dye: crystal violet (CV) from an aqueous solution. In this adsorption study, the formation of hydrophobic ion pair (opposite charge attraction) between the charged species, i.e., cationic (basic) dye CV and anionic surfactant sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS) sorbed onto PUF. Chemical calculations were performed using quantum simulation to understand ion‐pair formation for CV–SDS at the semiempirical PM6 level. Adsorption studies were performed using 200 mg cylindrical PUF with an overhead stirrer in solutions containing varying compositions of the dye–surfactant mixture. The equilibrium thermodynamics and kinetics of the adsorption process were studies by measuring CV dye removal as a function of time and temperature. Results show that the formation of the dye–surfactant ion pair is necessary for effective adsorption onto PUF. Various adsorption isotherms, viz., Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, Dubinin–Radushkevich (DRK), Harkin‐Jura, and several kinetic models, viz., pseudo‐first order, pseudo‐second order, Elovich, and Intraparticle diffusion were used to fit the spectrophotometric result. The equilibrium adsorption data fit to the Langmuir isotherm gives the maximum adsorption of PUF as 33.39 mg g−1 from 200 mL 5.0 × 10−5 mol L−1 CV solution at 298.15 K. The kinetics study showed that the overall adsorption process follows pseudo‐second‐order kinetics. The Morris–Weber model suggests that an intraparticle diffusion process is active in controlling the adsorption rate. The Freundlich, Temkin, DRK adsorption isotherms showed that solute dye transfers from solution to the PUF adsorbent surface through physical adsorption. The Langmuir and Harkin‐Jura adsorption isotherms suggest that the adsorbent surface is homogeneous in nature. The thermodynamic data showed that the adsorption process is spontaneous and endothermic with a positive enthalpy change and a negative change in Gibb's energy.
Hydrolytic Dephosphorylation of p‐Nitrophenyl Diphenyl Phosphate by Alkyl Hydroxamate Ions
Authors: Kandpal Neha , Dewangan Hitesh K. , Nagwanshi Rekha , Ghosh Kallol K. , Satnami Manmohan L. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe kinetics of the hydrolysis of p‐nitrophenyl diphenyl phosphate (PNPDPP) by hydroxamate ions (R'(CO)N(RO−) such as octanohydroxamate (OHA−) and decanohydroxamate (DHA−) was investigated in dioctadecyldimethylammonium chloride (DODAC) and didodecyldimethylammonium bromide (DDAB) vesicles. The physicochemical properties of these surfactants were studied by conductivity and fluorescence measurements at 300 K. The hydrolysis of PNPDPP was studied in a vesicular system by using hydroxamate ions (OHA− and DHA−) at 300 K. The different catalytic effects of hydroxamate ions for the hydrolysis of PNPDPP in the vesicles were determined. All reactions followed pseudofirst‐order kinetics. The reactivity of DHA− was found to be higher than that of OHA− in the vesicular system toward the cleavage of phosphate ester. Further, the binding constants (K) and free energy change (∆G) for the associations of PNPDPP with DODAC and DDAB vesicles were determined spectrophotometrically as well as from the Benesi–Hildebrand (B–H) plots. The pseudophase model was applied for the quantitative treatment of the kinetic data in the vesicle systems.
Residue investigation of some phenylureas and tebuthiuron herbicides in vegetables by ultra‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with integrated selective accelerated solvent extraction–clean up in situ
Authors: Su Ming , Jia Licong , Wu Xingqiang , Sun Hanwen 
Published: March 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDSome trace amounts of urea herbicide residues can be transferred to humans via the food chain, thereby being potentially harmful to human health. The development of a robust analytical methodology for effective sample preparation and simultaneous determination of herbicide residues in vegetable samples is required for achieving food safety.RESULTSThe diuron–molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) synthesized have excellent affinity and high selectivity to phenylureas (monolinuron, isoproturon, diuron and linuron) and tebuthiuron. A novel automated procedure with better selectivity for vegetable sample treatment was developed by integrated matrix solid‐phase dispersion–accelerated solvent extraction clean‐up in situ. Five herbicides can be baseline separated with runtime down to 5 min by ultra‐performance liquid chromatography, and good linearity was obtained with a correlation coefficient (r) of 0.9999. The limit of quantification of the method was in the range of 0.8–2.3 µg kg−1. Diuron residue in cherry tomato sample was found to be 40 µg kg−1.CONCLUSIONThe developed method has satisfactory selectivity, good linearity, high sensitivity and accuracy as well as speediness, and can ensure rapid selective extraction and sensitive multi‐residue analysis at low microgram per kilogram levels of the herbicides in vegetable food. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
The effect of transmittance and luminous efficiency with the application of cathode mesh mask in transparent organic light‐emitting devices
Authors: Liu Jinhong , Zhang Fanghui , Li Tingting 
Published: March 2018

AbstractWith the development of organic light‐emitting devices (OLEDs), the transparent OLED is also restricted by its efficiency and stability. Thus, in order to improve the transmittance and luminous efficiency of transparent OLED, the cathode mesh mask combined with Al:Ag alloy is adopted to prepare the cathode of transparent OLED, which would enhanced the luminance, efficiency, and transmittance of the device. With the same driving voltage, the device has the highest brightness, when the cathode thickness is 85 nm. At the voltage of 13 and 14 V, the luminance, for bottom‐emission and top‐emission, is 9501 cd/m2 and 1840 cd/m2, respectively. The entire transmittance of the device has achieved about 78% at a 480 nm wavelength.
Surgical site infection in immediate breast reconstruction: Does chemotherapy timing make a difference?
Authors: Chattha Anmol S. , Cohen Justin B. , Bucknor Alexandra , Chen Austin D. , Tobias Adam M. , Lee Bernard T. , Lin Samuel J. 
Published: March 2018

Background and ObjectivesWe aim to analyze the impact of chemotherapy timing on surgical site infections (SSI) after immediate breast reconstruction (IBR).MethodsA retrospective review of patients undergoing IBR between 2010 and 2015 was performed. Patients were divided into four groups: those with neoadjuvant chemotherapy only, adjuvant chemotherapy only, both adjuvant and neoadjuvant, and those with no chemotherapy. Outcomes of interest included SSI and timing of post‐operative SSI.ResultsA total of 949 reconstructions were performed over the study period. Subgroup breakdown was as follows: A total of 56 (5.9%) neoadjuvant only, 173 (18.2%) adjuvant only, 18 (1.9%) both, and 702 (74.0%) none. Overall infection rates were 10.7%, 10.4%, 22.2%, and 6.1% in the four groups, respectively (P = 0.015). On multivariate analysis, no significant differences were observed when comparing presence or absence of chemotherapy in the overall reconstruction cohort or when subgrouped by reconstruction modality‐autologous or alloplastic. There were no significant differences in time from neoadjuvant chemotherapy to surgery date noted between patients who developed a post‐operative SSI and those who did not (4.40 ± 1.58 vs 4.72 ± 1.39 weeks; P = 0.517).ConclusionChemotherapy timing did not increase the odds of surgical site infections in patients undergoing immediate breast reconstruction.
Shear Wave Elastography to Assess False Vocal Folds in Healthy Adults: A Feasibility Study
Authors: Gao Jing , Zhu Qiang , Xia Chun‐Xia , Shin James , Shih George , Min Robert 
Published: March 2018

ObjectivesThe aim of the study was to investigate the feasibility of using ultrasound shear wave elastography to quantify mechanical properties and movement symmetry of false vocal folds positioned in adduction and abduction.MethodsWe prospectively measured the shear wave velocity (SWV) within the bilateral false vocal folds in 10 healthy adults using acoustic radiation force impulse imaging. From a transcutaneous approach at the level of thyroid cartilage, 5 SWV measurements were obtained within each side of the false vocal folds twice in adduction and again in abduction for each participant. Configuration‐related differences in the SWV within false vocal folds were compared between adduction and abduction, in addition to differences between the right and left false vocal folds and between men and women, by a paired t test. We developed an SWV index [(SWVgreater – SWVlesser)/SWVgreater] to assess movement symmetry between the right and left false vocal folds. Intraobserver agreement on repeated measures was examined by the intraclass correlation coefficient.ResultsThe 10 participants included 5 men and 5 women. We observed that the SWV within false vocal folds was significantly higher in adduction than in abduction (P < .001). The SWV within false vocal folds in adduction was also significantly higher in women compared to men (P < .001). There was no significant difference in the SWV between the right and left false vocal folds in adduction or in abduction or between men and women in abduction (P > .05). The mean SWV index was 0.05 (range, 0.03–0.07). The intraclass correlation coefficient for intraobserver agreement was 0.89 (P < .001).ConclusionsShear wave elastography seems to be feasible to quantify mechanical properties and evaluate the symmetry of false vocal folds in healthy adults.
Survival of cougars caught in non‐target foothold traps and snares
Authors: Andreasen Alyson M. , Stewart Kelley M. , Sedinger James S. , Lackey Carl W. , Beckmann Jon P. 
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACTCougars (Puma concolor) occupy mountain ranges throughout the Great Basin, Nevada, USA, where legal trapping of bobcats (Lynx rufus) is common and some non‐target captures of cougars in bobcat traps occur. Such incidental capture of cougars is an undocumented source of mortality because some cougars die from injuries several weeks after release from traps. We examined cause‐specific mortality and the effects of capture of cougars in bobcat traps on annual and overall (7‐year) survival during 2009–2015. We captured 48 cougars, of which we followed 33 until death. We estimated average annual survival rates for adult cougars and assessed the relative effects of sex, season, and long‐term effects of non‐target capture of cougars in foothold traps on estimated survival of adults using a nest survival model in Program MARK. We incorporated a time‐varying covariate to assess the long‐term effect of capture in non‐target foothold traps on survival of adult cougars. Average annual survival of non‐trapped females and males, regardless of trapping history, was significantly greater than females with a history of capture in a non‐target foothold trap; however, once partitioned across age, sex, and capture status, sample sizes were small. Our results suggest that capture in non‐target foothold traps decreases survival of adult female cougars directly by causing injuries that eventually result in mortality, and indirectly by increasing susceptibility to other forms of mortality. Mortality of adult females during the 7 years of our study caused by non‐target trapping was similar to hunting among radio‐marked female cougars, and this potential source of mortality has been unaccounted for in harvest objectives and harvest data for cougars without radio‐collars. Given anthropogenic sources of mortality accounted for 100% of recorded mortality of adult females, mortality from non‐target trapping is likely additive to other sources of mortality in our study area. We recommend regulatory agencies consider the possibility of unintentional take and potential for reduced long‐term survival of females where these large fields are sympatric with bobcats, and trapping of bobcats with foothold traps is a legal activity. Moreover, we suggest wildlife managers record information about the trapping incident, to include trap type, trap size, trap set type, location, number of days since last check, and type and severity of injuries when releasing incidentally captured cougars to inform future management decisions. Addressing other anthropogenic sources of mortality resulting from conflict with humans and road mortalities will be increasingly important as the human population expands into cougar habitat. © 2018 The Wildlife Society.
Personality influences wildlife responses to aversive conditioning
Authors: Found Rob , St. Clair Colleen Cassady 
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACTUngulate species around the world are habituating to humans and human infrastructure, which can cause the loss of migratory behavior, local overpopulation, ecosystem damage, and human‐wildlife interactions. Wildlife managers sometimes attempt to reduce habituation by subjecting ungulates to aversive conditioning, comprised of negative stimuli in association with specific locations or behaviors, but high variability in the responsiveness of animals has limited the utility of this technique. We studied this limitation using 20 wild elk (Cervus canadensis) inhabiting a mountain town by identifying and comparing the responses of individuals categorized along a personality gradient from shy to bold, subjecting animals to aversive conditioning that either isolated animals or let them remain in a group, and then comparing their wariness via flight response distances before, during, and after conditioning. Bolder elk had significantly greater increases in wariness during conditioning and greater decreases in wariness once the conditioning period was complete. Isolation versus group‐based treatment did not affect responsiveness during the conditioning period, but isolated animals retained more wariness after conditioning ended. These results suggest that wildlife managers could increase the efficacy of aversive conditioning by identifying and targeting specific personality types and individuals to modify behavior and mitigate the broader ecological effects of habituated wildlife. © 2018 The Wildlife Society.