bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dimethyl fumarate therapy suppresses B cell responses and follicular helper T cells in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis
Authors: Holm Hansen Rikke , Højsgaard Chow Helene , Sellebjerg Finn , Rode von Essen Marina 
Published: July 2018

Background: Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) is a disease-modifying therapy used for patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). B cells are important contributors to the pathogenesis of RRMS, where they regulate the inflammatory immune responses and participate in development of lesions in the central nervous system (CNS). The impact of DMF on B cell subpopulations remains incompletely understood. Objectives: In this study, we evaluated the effects of DMF on B cell subpopulations and their effector functions. Methods: Blood from 21 DMF-treated and 18 untreated patients with RRMS was analyzed by flow cytometry. Results: We found that DMF reduces the frequency of circulating antigen–experienced B cells, a reduction likely related to a reduced frequency of follicular helper T (TFH) cells and an increased frequency of follicular regulatory T (TFR) cells. Studying the impact of monomethyl fumarate (MMF), the primary metabolite of DMF, on B cell effector function in vitro showed that MMF increased the frequency of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β-producing B cells and decreased the frequency of B cells secreting lymphotoxin (LT)-α, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, and to a lesser extent IL-10. Conclusion: In summary, these data suggest an anti-inflammatory role of DMF and its metabolite MMF on the B cell compartment.
Goodbye Gauley Mountain, hello eco-camp: Queer environmentalism in the Anthropocene
Authors: Whitworth Lauran 
Published: July 2018

This article considers the effectiveness of queer environmental ethics in the Anthropocene, a word increasingly used to describe the anthropogenic destruction of ecosystems that marks our current geological era. Taking as my subject the contemporary ecosexuality movement popularised by performance artists Annie Sprinkle and her co-collaborator and partner Elizabeth Stephens, I explore the ethics behind ecosexuals’ encounters with the natural environment. Stephens and Sprinkle's performances, captured in their documentary Goodbye Gauley Mountain: An Ecosexual Love Story (2013), make clear ecosexuality's concurrent urgency and playfulness, which is embodied in a theatrical environmental sensibility that I call eco-camp. Eco-camp is a mode of florid performance, spectacle and ostentatious sex-positivity that champions new forms of relationality between humans and other earthly inhabitants. Drawing from diverse theoretical perspectives, including Mikhail Bakhtin's (1968) carnivalesque, Chris Cuomo's (1998) ethics of flourishing and Cynthia Willett's (Willett et al., 2012; Willett, 2014) theorisation of feminist humour, I argue that ecosexuality's campy ecological ethics provide an alternative to the didacticism and moralism that characterise much contemporary environmentalism. In the spirit of carnival, the tragi-comic and, at times, parodic tone of ecosexuality generates an affective dissonance that spurs us to feel the full effects of our discordance with nature.
Home Palliative Service Utilization and Care Trajectory Among Ontario Residents Dying on Chronic Dialysis
Authors: Nesrallah Gihad E. , Dixon Stephanie N. , MacKinnon Marnie , Jassal Sarbjit Vanita , Bota Sarah E. , Dirk Jade S. , Arthurs Erin , Blake Peter G. , Sood Manish M. , Garg Amit X. , Davison Sara N. 
Published: July 2018

Background: Many patients who receive chronic hemodialysis have a limited life expectancy comparable to that of patients with metastatic cancer. However, patterns of home palliative care use among patients receiving hemodialysis are unknown. Objectives: We aimed to undertake a current-state analysis to inform measurement and quality improvement in palliative service use in Ontario. Methods: We conducted a descriptive study of outcomes and home palliative care use by Ontario residents maintained on chronic dialysis using multiple provincial healthcare datasets. The period of study was the final year of life, for those died between January 2010 and December 2014. Results: We identified 9611 patients meeting inclusion criteria. At death, patients were (median [Q1, Q3] or %): 75 (66, 82) years old, on dialysis for 3.0 (1.0-6.0) years, 41% were women, 65% had diabetes, 29.6% had dementia, and 13.9% had high-impact neoplasms, and 19.9% had discontinued dialysis within 30 days of death. During the last year of life, 13.1% received ⩾1 home palliative services. Compared with patients who had no palliative services, those who received home palliative care visits had fewer emergency department and intensive care unit visits in the last 30 days of life, more deaths at home (17.1 vs 1.4%), and a lower frequency of deaths with an associated intensive care unit stay (8.1 vs 37.8%). Conclusions: Only a small proportion of patients receiving dialysis in Ontario received support through the home palliative care system. There appears to be an opportunity to improve palliative care support in parallel with dialysis care, which may improve patient, family, and health-system outcomes.
Lower genomic stability of induced pluripotent stem cells reflects increased non‐homologous end joining
Authors: Zhang Minjie , Wang Liu , An Ke , Cai Jun , Li Guochao , Yang Caiyun , Liu Huixian , Du Fengxia , Han Xiao , Zhang Zilong , Zhao Zitong , Pei Duanqing , Long Yuan , Xie Xin , Zhou Qi , Sun Yingli 
Published: July 2018

AbstractBackgroundInduced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and embryonic stem cells (ESCs) share many common features, including similar morphology, gene expression and in vitro differentiation profiles. However, genomic stability is much lower in iPSCs than in ESCs. In the current study, we examined whether changes in DNA damage repair in iPSCs are responsible for their greater tendency towards mutagenesis.MethodsMouse iPSCs, ESCs and embryonic fibroblasts were exposed to ionizing radiation (4 Gy) to introduce double‐strand DNA breaks. At 4 h later, fidelity of DNA damage repair was assessed using whole‐genome re‐sequencing. We also analyzed genomic stability in mice derived from iPSCs versus ESCs.ResultsIn comparison to ESCs and embryonic fibroblasts, iPSCs had lower DNA damage repair capacity, more somatic mutations and short indels after irradiation. iPSCs showed greater non‐homologous end joining DNA repair and less homologous recombination DNA repair. Mice derived from iPSCs had lower DNA damage repair capacity than ESC‐derived mice as well as C57 control mice.ConclusionsThe relatively low genomic stability of iPSCs and their high rate of tumorigenesis in vivo appear to be due, at least in part, to low fidelity of DNA damage repair.
Universal detection of foot and mouth disease virus based on the conserved VP0 protein
Authors: Loureiro Silvia , Porta Claudine , Maity Hemanta K. , Perez Eva , Bagno Flavia F. , Kotecha Abhay , Fry Elizabeth , Ren Jingshan , Stuart David I. , Hoenemann Holger , Serrano Amaya , van den Born Erwin , Charleston Bryan , Jones Ian M. 
Published: July 2018

Background: Foot and mouth disease virus (FMDV), a member of the picornaviridae that causes vesicular disease in ungulates, has seven serotypes and a large number of strains, making universal detection challenging. The mature virion is made up of 4 structural proteins, virus protein (VP) 1 – VP4, VP1-VP3 of which form the outer surface of the particle and VP4 largely contained within. Prior to mature virion formation VP2 and VP4 occur together as VP0, a structural component of the pre-capsid which, as a result of containing the internal VP4 sequence, is relatively conserved among all strains and serotypes. Detection of VP0 might therefore represent a universal virus marker. Methods: FMDV virus protein 0 (VP0) was expressed in bacteria as a SUMO fusion protein and the SUMO carrier removed by site specific proteolysis. Rabbit polyvalent sera were generated to the isolated VP0 protein and their reactivity characterised by a number of immunoassays and by epitope mapping on peptide arrays. Results: The specific VP0 serum recognised a variety of FMDV serotypes, as virus and as virus-like-particles, by a variety of assay formats. Epitope mapping showed the predominant epitopes to occur within the unstructured but highly conserved region of the sequence shared among many serotypes. When immunogold stained VLPs were assessed by TEM analysis they revealed exposure of epitopes on the surface of some particles, consistent with particle breathing hitherto reported for some other picornaviruses but not for FMDV. Conclusion: A polyvalent serum based on the VP0 protein of FMDV represents a broadly reactive reagent capable of detection of many if not all FMDV isolates. The suggestion of particle breathing obtained with this serum suggests a reconsideration of the FMDV entry mechanism.
Surveillance of respiratory viruses in the outpatient setting in rural coastal Kenya: baseline epidemiological observations
Authors: Nyiro Joyce Uchi , Munywoki Patrick K. , Kamau Everlyn , Agoti C.N. , Gichuki Alex , Etyang Timothy , Otieno Grieven P. , Nokes D. James 
Published: July 2018

Background: Endemic and seasonally recurring respiratory viruses are a major cause of disease and death globally. The burden is particularly severe in developing countries. Improved understanding of the source of infection, pathways of spread and persistence in communities would be of benefit in devising intervention strategies. Methods: We report epidemiological data obtained through surveillance of respiratory viruses at nine outpatient health facilities within the Kilifi Health and Demographic Surveillance System, Kilifi County, coastal Kenya, between January and December 2016. Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from individuals of all ages presenting with acute respiratory infection (ARI) symptoms (up to 15 swabs per week per facility) and screened for 15 respiratory viruses using real-time PCR. Paediatric inpatient surveillance at Kilifi County Hospital for respiratory viruses provided comparative data. Results: Over the year, 5,647 participants were sampled, of which 3,029 (53.7%) were aged <5 years. At least one target respiratory virus was detected in 2,380 (42.2%) of the samples; the most common being rhinovirus 18.6% (1,050), influenza virus 6.9% (390), coronavirus 6.8% (387), parainfluenza virus 6.6% (371), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) 3.9% (219) and adenovirus 2.7% (155). Virus detections were higher among <5-year-olds compared to older children and adults (50.3% vs 32.7%, respectively; χ2(1) =177.3, P=0.0001). Frequency of viruses did not differ significantly by facility (χ2(8) =13.38, P=0.072). However, prevalence was significantly higher among inpatients than outpatients in <5-year-olds for RSV (22.1% vs 6.0%; χ2(1) = 159.4, P=0.0001), and adenovirus (12.4% vs 4.4%, χ2(1) =56.6, P=0.0001). Conclusions: Respiratory virus infections are common amongst ARI outpatients in this coastal Kenya setting, particularly in young children. Rhinovirus predominance warrants further studies on the health and socio-economic implications. RSV and adenovirus were more commonly associated with severe disease. Further analysis will explore epidemiological transmission patterns with the addition of virus sequence data.
Biomechanical behaviour of a French femoral component with thin cement mantle
Authors: Numata Y. , Kaneuji A. , Kerboull L. , Takahashi E. , Ichiseki T. , Fukui K. , Tsujioka J. , Kawahara N. 
Published: July 2018

Objective Cement thickness of at least 2 mm is generally associated with more favorable results for the femoral component in cemented hip arthroplasty. However, French-designed stems have shown favorable outcomes even with thin cement mantle. The biomechanical behaviors of a French stem, Charnley-Marcel-Kerboull (CMK) and cement were researched in this study. Methods Six polished CMK stems were implanted into a composite femur, and one million times dynamic loading tests were performed. Stem subsidence and the compressive force at the bone-cement interface were measured. Tantalum ball (ball) migration in the cement was analyzed by micro CT Results The cement thickness of 95 % of the proximal and middle region was less than 2.5 mm. A small amount of stem subsidence was observed even with collar contact. The greatest compressive force was observed at the proximal medial region and significant positive correlation was observed between stem subsidence and compressive force. 9 of 11 balls in the medial region moved to the horizontal direction more than that of the perpendicular direction. The amount of ball movement distance in the perpendicular direction was 59 to 83% of the stem subsidence, which was thought to be slip in the cement of the stem. No cement defect and no cement breakage were seen. Conclusion Thin cement in CMK stems produced effective hoop stress without excessive stem and cement subsidence. Polished CMK stem may work like force-closed fixation in short-term experiment. Cite this article: Y. Numata, A. Kaneuji, L. Kerboull, E. Takahashi, T. Ichiseki, K. Fukui, J. Tsujioka, N. Kawahara. Biomechanical behaviour of a French femoral component with thin cement mantle: The ‘French paradox’ may not be a paradox after all. Bone Joint Res 2018;7:485–493. DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.77.BJR-2017-0288.R2.
Verona integron-encoded metallo-β-lactamase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae sepsis in an extremely premature infant
Authors: Ciccia Matilde , Ambretti Simone , Guerra Luca , Sandri Fabrizio 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
During the course of an outbreak due to Verona integron-encoded Metallo-β-lactamase (VIM)-producing Klebsiella pneumonia (KP) in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of Maggiore Hospital in Bologna (Italy), an 8-day-old extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infant developed a severe ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) with concomitant bacteraemia. Although the microorganism was susceptible only to colistin and tigecycline, the patient was successfully treated with a combination of antibiotics including high-dosage, prolonged infusion of meropenem (MEM) and intravenous plus aerosolised gentamicin (GEN). This report highlights that, even when the microorganism is considered non-susceptible to MEM and GEN, the combination of these two agents could have a significant survival benefit.
An internally quenched peptide as a new model substrate for rhomboid intramembrane proteases
Authors: Arutyunova Elena , Jiang Zhenze , Yang Jian , Kulepa Ayodeji N. , Young Howard S. , Verhelst Steven , O’Donoghue Anthony J. , Lemieux M. Joanne 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Rhomboids are ubiquitous intramembrane serine proteases that cleave transmembrane substrates. Their functions include growth factor signaling, mitochondrial homeostasis, and parasite invasion. A recent study revealed that the Escherichia coli rhomboid protease EcGlpG is essential for its extraintestinal pathogenic colonization within the gut. Crystal structures of EcGlpG and the Haemophilus influenzae rhomboid protease HiGlpG have deciphered an active site that is buried within the lipid bilayer but exposed to the aqueous environment via a cavity at the periplasmic face. A lack of physiological transmembrane substrates has hampered progression for understanding their catalytic mechanism and screening inhibitor libraries. To identify a soluble substrate for use in the study of rhomboid proteases, an array of internally quenched peptides were assayed with HiGlpG, EcGlpG and PsAarA from Providencia stuartti. One substrate was identified that was cleaved by all three rhomboid proteases, with HiGlpG having the highest cleavage efficiency. Mass spectrometry analysis determined that all enzymes hydrolyze this substrate between norvaline and tryptophan. Kinetic analysis in both detergent and bicellular systems demonstrated that this substrate can be cleaved in solution and in the lipid environment. The substrate was subsequently used to screen a panel of benzoxazin-4-one inhibitors to validate its use in inhibitor discovery.
Exploring Inductive Grammar Teaching: English Teacher Perspectives
Authors: Hidayat Didin Nuruddin 
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACT In the past few decades, the discussion of what grammatical structures to teach, and how to teach them remains controversial (Ellis, 2006). This research study aimed to explore the role of inductive grammar teaching toward specific grammatical structure, i.e. the second conditional or the unreal/hypothetical conditional. In light of this, ten English teachers were involved in this study, providing beneficial feedback through their experience in English language teaching. They were given two sessions of inductive grammar teaching, and were asked to provide feedback. The results showed that inductive grammmar teaching possessed its strengths and weaknesses. One strength would be from its ability in engaging more active participation from the students. However, a notable weaknessess was in terms of its lack of opportunities in explicit grammatical explanation. ABSTRAK Dalam beberapa dekade terakhir, diskusi tentang struktur tata bahasa apa yang perlu diajarkan, dan bagaimana mengajarkan struktur tata bahasa tersebut tetap menjadi isu yang kontroversial (Ellis, 2006). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi peran pengajaran tata bahasa induktif terhadap struktur tata bahasa tertentu, yaitu the second conditional atau the unreal/hypothetical conditional. Untuk itu, sepuluh guru bahasa Inggris dilibatkan dalam penelitian ini, memberikan umpan balik yang bermanfaat melalui pengalaman mereka dalam bidang pengajaran bahasa Inggris. Mereka diberi dua sesi pengajaran tata bahasa induktif, dan diminta untuk memberikan umpan balik. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa pengajaran grammmar induktif memiliki kekuatan dan kelemahannya. Salah satu kekuatan berasal dari kemampuannya dalam melibatkan partisipasi yang lebih aktif dari para siswa. Namun, salah satu kelemahan yang menonjol adalah dalam hal kurangnya peluang dalam menjelaskan tata bahasa secara eksplisit. How to Cite: Hidayat, D.N. (2017). Exploring Inductive Grammar Teaching: English Teacher Perspectives. IJEE (Indonesian Journal of English Education), 4(2), 111-119. doi:10.15408/ijee.v4i2.8538.
The Effect Of Moral Integrity, Lifestyle And Organizational Culture On Anti-Corruption Intention
Authors: Putri Dhiny Aditama , Nihayah Zahrotun 
Published: July 2018

This study aims to examine the effect of moral integrity, lifestyle and organizational culture on anti-corruption intention involving 54 police officers and 97 civil servants of police in police institution X. Sampling technique in this study using non-probability sampling. The measuring tool used in this study consists of the Anti Corruption Intelligence Scale which the authors develop themselves to measure the anti-corruption intention, Moral Integrity Scale to measure moral integrity, AIO Psychographic to measure lifestyles, and the Denison Organizational Culture Survey to measure organizational culture. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was used to test the validity of measuring instrument and Multiple Regression Analysis is used to test the research hypothesis. The results revealed that there was a significant of moral integrity, lifestyle and organizational culture against anti corruption intention at 56.3%. It means that the proportion of varians of anti-corruption intention in can be explained by moral integrity, lifestyle, and organizational culture at 56.3% and 43.7% explored by other factors. DOI:10.15408/tazkiya.v22i2.8413
Maternal obesity and child health at different ages
Authors: Petrenko Yuri V. , Novikova Valeriya P. , Polunina Anna V. 
Published: July 2018

In recent years, the number of obese women of childbearing age has increased significantly. The aim of this study was to reveal the influence of maternal obesity during pregnancy on the longterm health of the offspring.
This study was performed in the outpatient clinic in St. Petersburg with 76 adolescents with chronic diseases aged from 6 to 17 years. The mean age of the examined was 12.67 ± 3.19 years; the ratio of girls to boys was 6 : 7. Children were divided into 2 groups: the main group included 26 adolescents whose mothers were obese before and during pregnancy. 50 teen agers from mothers with normal BMI during pregnancy presented comparison group. The main group and the comparison group did not differ in age and sex. The children were examined by a pediatrician. Data on the transferred diseases are obtained from an outpatient card. It has been established that maternal obesity may be considered a risk factor for miscarriage, having low birth weight babies or babies weighing more than 4 kg, as well as a risk factor for rickets, parathrophies and functional constipation in the first year of life. In adolescentes, obesity, euthyroid goiter, hypothalamic syndrome and other endocrinopathies are typical for children born from obese mothers. Several medical conditions related to obesity such as chronic pancreatitis, hiatal hernia, iron deficiency anemia and orthopaedic foot and ankle pathology are commonly seen in children of obese mothers. Maternal obesity is associated with diseases of children not only in the period of newborn, but also in adolescence.
Complex three-way Philadelphia translocation t(6;9;22) (p23;q34;q11.2) along with unusual t(1;4): A chronic myeloid leukemia case report
Authors: Kumar M. , Salona Bekleshwar , Kumar Shiv Murti , Gore Akshay , Sharma Shivani 
Published: July 2018

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative disorder and genetically characterized by the presence of the Philadelphia (Ph) chromosome, resulting from a balanced reciprocal translocation between chromosome 9 and 22 at bands 9q34 and 22q11.2 [t(9;22)(q34;q11.2)]. In the formation of the Ph chromosome, the specific region of the ABL oncogene is transposed from 9q34 to the specific region of the BCR gene on chromosome 22 to form a fusion gene BCR‑ABL, which encodes a constitutively active protein, with tyrosine kinase activity. Vast majority of CML patients show classical Ph translocation, t(9;22) and 5–10% of cases are observed with variant Ph translocation. In variant Ph translocation, generally, the third chromosome involved with chromosome 9 and 22. The segment of the third chromosome usually translocates to the chromosome 9 at band 9q34. The formation of variant or complex Ph translocation is controversial topic. A wide array of additional chromosome involved in translocation with the t(9;22) has been described previously in CML patients. In this report, we present a unique and complex Ph translocation involving three chromosomes (6;9;22) in a 25-year-old female 66who was clinically diagnosed as CML. Chromosome analysis using 24 h and 48 h unstimulated culture with GTG-banding was performed according to standard protocol. A total of 20 metaphases analyzed from the bone marrow culture of the patient and karyotyping was performed on the basis of International System for Human Cytogenetic Nomenclature (2016). The FISH analysis was performed according to the standard protocol from sample for confirmation of BCR/ABL gene using dual color fusion FISH probe (Zytovision Probe). All cell’s images were captured using Olympus fluorescent microscope BX-61 equipped with a CCD camera and analyzed using Bioview FISH software.