bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Measurement of language laterality using functional transcranial Doppler ultrasound: a comparison of different tasks
Authors: Woodhead Zoe V.J. , Rutherford Holly A. , Bishop Dorothy V.M. 
Published: October 2018

Background: Relative blood flow in the two middle cerebral arteries can be measured using functional transcranial Doppler sonography (fTCD) to give an index of lateralisation as participants perform a specific task. Language laterality has mostly been studied with fTCD using a word generation task, but it is not clear whether this is optimal. Methods: Using fTCD, we evaluated a sentence generation task that has shown good reliability and strong left lateralisation in fMRI. We interleaved trials of word generation, sentence generation and list generation and assessed agreement of these tasks in 31 participants (29 right-handers). Results: Although word generation and sentence generation both gave robust left-lateralisation, Bland-Altman analysis showed that these two methods were not equivalent. The comparison list generation task was not systematically lateralised, but nevertheless laterality indices (LIs) from this task were significantly correlated with the other two tasks. Subtracting list generation LI from sentence generation LI did not affect the strength of the laterality index. Conclusions: This was a pre-registered methodological study designed to explore novel approaches to optimising measurement of language lateralisation using fTCD. It confirmed that sentence generation gives robust left lateralisation in most people, but is not equivalent to the classic word generation task. Although list generation does not show left-lateralisation at the group level, the LI on this task was correlated with left-lateralised tasks. This suggests that word and sentence generation involve adding a constant directional bias to an underlying continuum of laterality that is reliable in individuals but not biased in either direction. In future research we suggest that consistency of laterality across tasks might have more functional significance than strength or direction of laterality on any one task.
Evaluation of consensus method for the culture of Burkholderia pseudomallei in soil samples from Laos
Authors: Dance David A.B. , Knappik Michael , Dittrich Sabine , Davong Viengmon , Silisouk Joy , Vongsouvath Manivanh , Rattanavong Sayaphet , Pierret Alain , Newton Paul N. , Amornchai Premjit , Wuthiekanun Vanaporn , Langla Sayan , Limmathurotsakul Direk 
Published: October 2018

Background: We have previously shown that PCR following enrichment culture is the most sensitive method to detect Burkholderia pseudomallei in environmental samples. Here we report an evaluation of the published consensus method for the culture of B. pseudomallei from Lao soil in comparison with our conventional culture method and with PCR with or without prior broth enrichment. Methods: One hundred soil samples were collected from a field known to contain B. pseudomallei and processed by: (i) the conventional method, (ii-iii) the consensus method using media prepared in either Laos or Thailand, and (iv) the consensus method performed in Thailand, as well as by (v) PCR following direct extraction of DNA from soil and (vi) PCR following broth pre-enrichment. Results: The numbers of samples in which B. pseudomallei was detected were 42, 10, 7, 6, 6 and 84, respectively. However, two samples were positive by the consensus method but negative by conventional culture, and one sample was negative by PCR following enrichment although B. pseudomallei was isolated by the conventional culture method. Conclusions/Discussion: The results show that no single method will detect all environmental samples that contain B. pseudomallei. People conducting environmental surveys for this organism should be aware of the possibility of false-negative results using the consensus culture method. An approach that entails screening using PCR after enrichment, followed by the evaluation of a range of different culture methods on PCR-positive samples to determine which works best in each setting, is recommended.
The importance of writing as a material practice for art and design students: A contemporary rereading of the Coldstream Reports
Authors: Lockheart Julia 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
This paper suggests that strong beliefs about the recommendation of academic writing for practitioners in the Coldstream Reports remain in teaching and management positions across the current Higher Education (HE) sector. However, an intensive re-reading of the reports establishes these beliefs are unfounded. This article posits that upholding these institutional assumptions may have an impact on how writing is used as a component of examination and therefore aligned with the need for academic parity across the HE sector, rather than as a tool for understanding and articulating practice. As a result, this article calls for the reinstatement of a unified HE art and design curriculum to be filled with a diversity of pedagogical approaches, including writing practices, that are complementary to and inform the purposes of creative practice.
PL-012 Effect of hypoxic resistance training on the regulation of muscle mass and phenotype
Authors: Deldicque Louise , Gnimassou Olouyomi , Warnier Geoffrey , Benoit Nicolas , Naslain Damien , Nielens Henri , Francaux Marc 
Published: October 2018

Objective Hypoxia is a state of lowered oxygen tension in tissue that can be created by environmental or pathological conditions. Whatever the origin of hypoxia, different tissues will adapt acutely and/or chronically to deal with this reduction in oxygen availability. Hypoxia has recently emerged as a particularly efficient stimulus to stimulate muscle cell proliferation and accretion of muscle mass and hypoxic resistance training has become popular amongst athletes as it is thought to favor muscle accretion. However, the molecular mechanisms are largely unknown.
Methods To determine those molecular mechanisms, 19 volunteers participated to 12 sessions of resistance training spread over 4 weeks whether in normoxia (n=9) or in hypoxia (n=10, FiO213.5% corresponding to 3500m altitude). Each session consisted in 6 sets of 10 repetitions of a one-leg extension exercise at 80% of one repetition maximum (1-RM). Blood and muscle samples in each leg were taken before and after the 4-week training period. Fiber types were determined by immunohistochemistry based on myosin heavy chain isotypes. Blood saturation (SpO2, pulsoximetry) and tissue saturation index (TSI, near-infrared spectroscopy) were monitored during the exercise sessions.
Results Muscle thickness determined by ultrasound was increased by 7% in normoxia only (p=0.04). The 1-RM was increased in both groups but the increase was higher in hypoxia (+34%) than in normoxia (+24%) (p=0.02). In average, SpO2stayed around 98-99% in normoxia and around 93-94% in hypoxia during each set of contractions. No difference in TSI between normoxia and hypoxia was measured, which averaged 60% before starting muscle contractions and 40% during muscle contractions. A trend towards a shift in fiber type from type I to type IIa was observed in normoxia (p<0.09) but not in hypoxia. Fiber area was not modified by any condition.
Conclusions In summary, 4 weeks of hypoxic resistance training induced a larger increase in 1-RM compared to normoxic resistance training, independently of muscle hypertrophy or any change in fiber type. Further investigation should determine whether metabolic or molecular changes may explain this potentiation of maximal muscle force by hypoxia.
OR-009 The expression and roles of lncRNAs in the regeneration of skeletal muscle contusion
Authors: Zheng Lifang , Chen Peijie , Xiao Weihua 
Published: October 2018

Objective In recent years, Accumulating evidence from myoblast differentiation in vitro, cardiotoxin (CTX)-mediated injury or mdx mice suggested that some lncRNAs such as Malat1, H19, linc-MD1, linc-YY1, Sirt1 AS and lnc-mg may modulate myogenesis and muscle regeneration. However, the change of lncRNAs in skeletal muscle contusion and their possible roles are still unclear. We hypothesize that the lncRNAs may be involved in the repair of skeletal muscle contusion.
Methods Forty C57BL/6 male mice were randomly divided into two groups, uninjured control group (group C) and muscle contusion group (group S). The mice of group S suffered from contusion injury. All the mice were killed to harvest gastrocnemius at 3, 6, 12 and 24 days post-injury. The gene expression were detected by PCR technique. Gastrocnemius were stained with H & E to evaluate the general morphology. Data were analyzed by One-way analysis of variance, with statistical significance being set at p ≤ 0.05.
Results The expression levels of linc-MD1 and Sirt1 AS were significantly higher than that of the uninjured control group at 3, 6 and 12 days post-injury (p<0.01). And Malat1 was highly expressed in the skeletal muscle of the muscle contusion group at 3 days post-injury and continuously up-regulated at 6 days (p<0.01). Moreover, linc-YY1 and H19 were all elevated significantly at 6 days (all p<0.01), but their gene expression levels did not change significantly at 3, 12 and 24 days post-injury, as compared to the uninjured control group. Furthermore, lnc-mg mRNA level did not change significantly in the whole process of regeneration after muscle contusion except the time point of 12 days post-injury which decreased significantly (p<0.01). The expression of myogenic regulatory factors (MyoD, myogenin, myf5, myf6) were studied, they were all elevated significantly at 3 and 6 days (all p<0.01; except myogenin ), and returned to normal at 24 days post-injury, as compared to the uninjured control group. Meanwhile, Pearson correlations showed that there was an correlation between lincRNAs and myogenic regulatory factors mentioned above.
Conclusions The expression of myogenic regulatory factors increased significantly after muscle contusion. Meanwhile, varieties of lncRNAs (Malat1, H19, lnc-mg, linc-MD1, linc-YY1, Sirt1 AS) were also up-regulated. Moreover, there was correlation between lncRNAs and myogenic regulatory factors for skeletal muscle regeneration. These results suggest that lncRNAs may play important roles in the regeneration of skeletal muscle contusion.
OR-044 Effect of Elastic Band Exercise, Brisk Walking and the Diabolo Exercise on the Serum Lipid Level of Women with dyslipidemia between 60 to 69 Years Old
Authors: Zhou Lin , Zhang Lan , Lin Guohao , Cao Guangyan , Chen Xiaojing 
Published: October 2018

Objective This study investigated the effect of elastic band exercise, brisk walking and the diabolo exercise on the serum lipid level of abnormal blood lipids women between 60 to 69 years old.
Methods 252 subjects were randomly divided into the elastic band exercise group (EBG), the brisk walking group (BWG), the diabolo exercise group (DEG) and the control group (CG), each group of 63 people. In the end, 186 people (NEBEG=63, NBWG=45, NDEG=32, NCG=46) completed all the tests in 12 weeks due to various reasons, such as withdrawal, travel abroad, and hospitalization. The EBG and the DEG respectively carry on the self-braiding and the Diabolo exercise(DE) training for 1 h, 3 times per week for12 weeks. Participants in the BWG wore pedometers for brisk walking, 5 times per week, and 8,000 to 10,000 steps per time. The CG did not intervene. Measurement on height, body weight, TG, TC, HDL-C, LDL-C were made at two time points—baseline, 12 weeks.
Results After 12 weeks of exercise, TG, TC and LDL-C levels of the EBG, BWG and DEG were significantly lower than those in the pre-test group, and the difference was statistically significant, there was no significant change in the control group. The average level of HDL-C in the BWG and DEG was higher than that before the experiment, and the difference was statistically significant. The average level of TG change rate (P50= 0.16) of DEG was greater than EBG (P50=0.09) and BWG(P50=0.05), all of the experimental group were greater than the CG, and the difference was statistically significant. The average level of TC change rate of the EBG, BWG and DEG was greater than the CG, and the difference was statistically significant. The average level of HDL-C change rate in both BWG (P50=0.06) and DEG (P50=0.14) was greater than that of the EBG (P50=0.01) and the CG (P50=0), and the difference was statistically significant. The average level of LDL-C change rate of the EBG(P50=0.06) and the BWG(P50=0.13) was larger than that of the CG (P50= -0.04) and the DEG (P50= -0.08), and the difference was statistically significant. The EBG is compared with the BWG, and the comparison between DEG and CG, the difference was not statistically significant.
Conclusions The TG level in the blood was significantly reduced in the EBG, BWG and DEG, and the effect of the diabolo exercise(DE)was better than that of the elastic band exercise (EBE)and the brisk walking(BW). The EBE, BW and DE can significantly reduce the TC level in blood. Both BW and EBE can raise the level of HDL-C in the blood. Both the EBE and BW can reduce the level of LDL-C in the blood。Therefore, all three types of exercise can effectively regulate the Serum Lipid Level of elderly women with dyslipidemia and reduce the risk of ASCVD.
OR-054 A Comparative Study of Different Intervention Methods on Protein Expression of ERα in Uterus of Ovariectomized Osteoporosis Rats
Authors: Bo Shumin 
Published: October 2018

Objective The aim of this study was to compare the effects of different intervention methods on the protein expression of estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) in the uterus of ovariectomized osteoporosis rats.
Methods Eighty healthy female SD rats, aged 3 months, were randomly divided into the following two groups by body weight: sham-operation (Sham) and ovariectomized (OVX). After ten weeks, the OVX groups were randomly divided into the following six groups by body weight: OVX; 17β-estradiol (E2); Genisteine (G); treadmill exercise (TE); Lithium chloride (Licl); Whole-body vertical vibration (WBVV). Then the rats was began to be treated with different intervention methods. The WBVV group rats were vibrated on a vibration platform twice per day for 7 weeks according to the following schedule: 90 hertz a minute and 15 minutes a time. The TE group rats were running on 5-uphill treadmills 45 minutes per day, 4 times a week, at a speed of 18 meters per minute. The G group rats were lavaged by genistein once per day according to body weight (dose 1mg/kg).The E2 group rats were treated with neck subcutaneous injection with 17β-E2 three times a week according to their body weight (dose 25ug/kg). At the end of 8 weeks intervention, during 36-48 hours, took blood from the abdominal aorta, and extracted the protein. The proteinexpression of ERα in uterus was detected by western blot.
Results After OVX, the uterus weight index and serum E2 was significantly decreased. Both the uterus weight index and the serum E2 level were significantly increased after treatment with E2. However, no significant differences were seen after treatment with the other four methods. As revealed by the western blot results, the protein expression of ERα in the OVX groups was significantly higher than that of in the Sham group. After treatment with E2, treadmill exercise, whole-body vertical vibration, and lithium chloride, the protein expression of ERα was significantly lower than that of in OVX group. However, the genistein treatment had no significant difference.
Conclusions Apart from genistein treatment, the other four interventions had inhibitive effects on the protein expression of ERα in uterus of OVX osteoporosis rats.
PO-036 Exercise-induced BMI declined were association with increased sperm motility in college students：A short paper
Authors: Sheng Jiazhi , Zhang Xiaoling , Gong Lamei 
Published: October 2018

Objective Male reproduction cell level were effect by intensity and amount of exercise, therefore, we investigate the effect on semen parameters from six weeks aerobic exercise on normal weight and obesity male.
Methods
Exercise intervention
Participants completed 6 weeks of exercise intervention, 6 times per week and rest on Sunday. The exercise is composed of 20 push-ups and moderate intensity running 400 meters. The most suitable exercise heart rate (heart rate) = maximum heart rate of 75-80%, 8-10 minutes of warm-up exercise each time, the duration of each exercise duration is 60 minutes.
Laboratory methods:
BMI, body weight and Waist circumference were evaluated. Sperm count, percentage of sperm motility was evaluated. All subjects were requested to observe a 3 to 4day abstinence period before provide a semen sample, and the subjects were no performance heavy exercise. Semen samples were obtained at the second peoples hospital of Dazhou city, China. Sperm motility and count were analyzed using the World Health Organization(WHO) 2000 definition.
Results
Characterization of the subjects:
The baseline and Post-Pre Characteristics of the subjects were provided in Table 1. There were significant difference on body weight (p < 0.05), Waist circumference (p < 0.01) and BMI( p < 0.05) between normal weight group and obesity group. However, there was no significant difference on after of exercise intervention.
There was not significantly increased on total sperm count, sperm motility (%) and sperm motility a (%). However, sperm motility b (%) was significantly increased trend after exercise intervention (p = 0.06), although there was only seven subjects.
Conclusions Our study demonstrated that exercise-induced BMI declined-amplitude were significantly associated with increased sperm motility, this finding may be explained, at least in part, by an improvement of male reproductive health. A significant correlation-trend was found between induced BMI# and sperm motility (%) (R2=0.77, p =0.12) in normal weight group, but not in obesity or all subjects.
PO-038 Effect of diet and exercise intervention on the treatment of diabetic patients
Authors: Xu Zunhua , Huang Bin 
Published: October 2018

Objective To investigate the effect of nutrition and exercise intervention on lowering blood glucose level in type 2 diabetes patients.
Methods In Wuhou district of Chengdu and Tianfu New Area, select TongZi Community health service centers and Er Jiang community health service center in patients with type 2 diabetes health management team, the latest Glycosylated Hemoglobin (HbAlc) ≧ 7.4% of the patients as the research object, 592, randomized methods for nutrition intervention group + exercise intervention group, exercise intervention group and control group, each group of about 200 people. Adopt the self-designed questionnaire to collect the general information of patients, including gender, age, culture level, course of the disease and the complications, etc., using the standard method of measurement, the measurement of the patient's body, including blood pressure, heart rate, biochemical tests Glycosylated Hemoglobin (HbAlc) and so on. Patients were followed for one year. At 3, 6 and 12 months, patients were followed up with questionnaires, physical measurements and HbAlc tests
Results The patients with 3, 6 and 12 months the total response rate was 98.2%, 99.2% and 98.6%, compared with the baseline, the two intervention groups Glycosylated Hemoglobin (HbAlc) in different periods of follow-up is falling, 6 months is more noticeable, nutrition intervention group + exercise intervention group decreased by 0.44%, movement intervention group decreased by 0.23%, while the control group increased by 0.08%. It can be seen that proper exercise can increase the sensitivity of body tissues to insulin, thus increasing the use of glucose angiosperms and other tissues in blood and lowering blood glucose. Even for individual patients, exercise combined with diet therapy can even stabilize blood glucose at normal levels. Effective exercise and nutrition intervention is an important measure to treat diabetes.
Conclusions The long-term diet and exercise intervention for diabetic patients is not only beneficial to the health of diabetes, but also can significantly improve the quality of life of patients. Effective exercise and nutrition intervention are important measures to treat diabetes.
PO-050 Effects of Exercise on Gene Expression Correlative to Bone Metabolism in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells
Authors: Yang Yongjie , Gao Li 
Published: October 2018

Objective To examine the gene expression pattern of Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells （PBMCs）and to explore exercise-sensitive genes correlative to bone metabolism in PBMCs. Thus to provide a theoretical basis for exercise intervention to prevent and treat osteoporosis.
Methods Uphill (+8° ) and downhill (-8° ) training were used for the exercise loading in two-month-old male Sprague-Dawley rats. The exercise method performed at 25 m/min, training 50 min/d, 5 d/wk, for 12 wk, respectively. Bone mineral density of distal femurs was measured using dual X-ray absorptiometry, and the expressed gene profile of PBMCs was examined using Gene Chip IVT Labeling Kit (Affymetrix).
Results Compared with control (CON) group, the BMD of the femur in the downhill (DOWN) group was significantly increased. Compared with the uphill （UP）group, the BMD and BMC of the femur in the DOWN group were significantly increased. There were 38 genes detected differentially expressed between two exercise groups together with CON group. The expression of genes modified by running involved in immunity, cell proliferation，Rheumatoid arthritis，Cell adhesion molecules and Tnf signaling pathway. There were 105 differently expressed genes between the DOWN group and the UP group which were mainly enriched in biological processes and pathways such as response to hydrogen peroxide，lipopolysaccharide，cell factor and mechanical stimulus，Cell adhesion molecules，cell migration，collagen biosynthetic process and Tnf signaling pathway. Tnf, Cxcl2, Ccl2, Jun and Mmp9 as the key nodes of protein interaction network were identified as candidate genes related to bone metabolism and sensitive to exercise.
Conclusions With weight gaining，age increasing and training time prolonging, long-term and high-intensity exercise will be harm for bone. At the same time and same running speed, downhill running conduces to increase bone density more than uphill running. It may be associated with differential expression of exercise-sensitive genes involved in bone metabolism in PBMCs.
PO-054 Research on Animal models of Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Liu Ruilian , Qu Honglin 
Published: October 2018

Objective This paper analysis amount of literature about domestic and abroad with establishing the animal model of AD as the basics point of the research, and explore the construction of animal models of AD and the theoretical basis of the study. The purpose of the paper was to better probe AD Pathogenesis and etiology, and how to take appropriate intervention methods to lay the foundation.
Methods
Results Following the analysis, we found that the animal models of AD were mainly modeled by transgenic animal model, modeled by AD histopathological features, cholinergic nerve injury, aging, multifactorial complex, and ischemia and hypoxia. Each modeling method was based on the corresponding theoretical research carried out on the basis of the current research, however, the exact pathogenesis of AD was not clear, so the scholars in a variety of hypotheses on the premise Under the experimental animal model, naturally with a certain degree of one-sidedness. Transgenic animal model is expensive, disease resistance was poor, it was difficult to carry out a large amount of experimental study; cholinergic neuron damage in AD experimental animals for cholinergic function impairment and cognitive function of the ideal study.
Conclusions The modeling method of AD had many advantages and disadvantages, and the compound animal model of AD was more complex than single factor modeling. Thus, no matter which way AD animal model, it was difficult to replicate all the typical pathological changes in AD, suggesting that the pathogenesis of AD and its pathological changes in the complexity and multi-factor.