bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of shared genomic aberrations between angiomatous and microcystic meningiomas
Authors: Kuroi Yasuhiro , Akagawa Hiroyuki , Shibuya Makoto , Onda Hideaki , Maegawa Tatsuya , Kasuya Hidetoshi 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Background
Angiomatous and microcytic meningiomas are classified as rare subtypes of grade I meningiomas by World Health Organization (WHO). They typically exhibit distinct histopathological features as indicated by their WHO titles; however, these angiomatous and microcystic features are often intermixed. Recently, angiomatous meningiomas were reported to show characteristic chromosomal polysomies unlike the other WHO grade I meningiomas. In the present study, we hypothesize that microcystic meningiomas share similar cytogenetic abnormalities with angiomatous meningioma.

Methods
We performed copy number analysis using single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) arrays for three angiomatous and eight microcystic meningiomas. Of these, three angiomatous and three microcystic meningiomas were also analyzed by whole exome sequencing and RNA sequencing.

Results
We first analyzed three angiomatous and three microcystic meningiomas for which both frozen tissues and peripheral blood were accessible. Copy number analysis confirmed previously reported multiple polysomies in angiomatous meningiomas, which were entirely replicated in microcystic meningiomas when analyzed on different analytical platforms with five additional samples prepared from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tumors. Polysomy of chromosome 5 was found in all cases, along with chromosome 6, 12, 17, 18, and 20 in more than half of the cases including both angiomatous and microcystic meningiomas. Furthermore, next generation sequencing did not reveal any distinctive somatic point mutations or differences in gene expression characterizing either angiomatous or microcystic meningiomas, indicating a common genetic mechanism underlying tumorigenesis.

Conclusions
Angiomatous and microcystic meningiomas have substantially similar genetic profiles represented by the characteristic patterns of multiple polysomies originating from chromosome 5 amplification.
Management of cutaneous neurofibroma: current therapy and future directions
Authors: Chamseddin Bahir H , Le Lu Q 
Published: October 2019

AbstractNeurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a life-long neurocutaneous disorder characterized by a predisposition to tumor development, including cutaneous neurofibroma (cNF), the hallmark of the disease. cNF is a histologically benign, multicellular tumor formed in virtually most individuals with NF1. It is considered the most burdensome feature of the disorder due to their physical discomfort, cosmetically disfiguring appearance, and psychosocial burden. Management of cNF remains a challenge in the medical field. Effective medicinal treatment for cNF does not exist at this time. Trials aimed at targeting individual components of the neoplasm such as mast cells with Ketotifen have not shown much success. Physical removal or destruction has been the mainstay of therapy. Surgical removal gives excellent cosmetic results, but risk in general anesthesia may require trained specialists. Destructive laser such as CO2 laser is effective in treating hundreds of tumors at one time but has high risk of scarring hypopigmentation or hyperpigmentation that alter cosmetic outcomes. A robust, low-risk surgical technique has been developed, which may be performed in clinic using traditional biopsy tools that may be more accessible to NF1 patients worldwide than contemporary techniques including Er:YAG or Nd:YAG laser. In this review, specific recommendations for management of cNFs are made based on symptoms, clinical expertise, and available resources. Additionally, antiproliferative agents aimed at stimulating cellular quiescence are explored.
Health complaints and work experiences among adults with neurofibromatosis 1
Authors: Fjermestad Krister W 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Background
Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a rare genetic disorder with usually benign nerve tumours, skin problems, pain and cardiovascular problems among common complications.

Aims
To examine work participation and experiences in relation to health complaints among adults with NF1.

Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional self-reported survey among 142 persons with NF1 (mean age = 50.3 years, SD = 12.0; 62% females). We measured physical and social dimensions of work experiences with eight items from the third wave of the epidemiological survey ‘Nord-Trøndelag Health Study’ (HUNT3). We compared NF1 data to 27 036 HUNT3 controls. We measured health complaints with the 29-item Subjective Health Complaints Inventory (SHC; subscales musculoskeletal pain, pseudoneurology and gastrointestinal problems) and compared NF1 data to norms.

Results
Compared to controls, significantly more persons with NF1 reported workplace bullying (13% versus 5%) and work as physically exhausting (74% versus 44%), whereas fewer reported work autonomy (64% versus 80%). Women with NF1 reported significantly more SHC than female norms (99% versus 86%). Men with NF1 reported significantly more pseudoneurology and gastrointestinal problems compared to male norms (76% versus 58%). SHC explained 9% of the variance in physical work experiences (β = −0.47; 95% CI −0.76 to −0.19) and 8% of the variance in social work experiences (β = 0.48; 95% CI 0.18–0.78).

Conclusion
Persons with NF1 experience more physical and social work problems, and both work domains were related to health complaints. Individualized assessment and information to co-workers and managers may represent ways to increase work participation among persons with NF1.
Higher MICs (&gt;2 mg/L) Predict 30-Day Mortality in Patients With Lower Respiratory Tract Infections Caused by Multidrug- and Extensively Drug-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Treated With Ceftolozane/Tazobactam
Authors: Rodríguez-Núñez Olga , Periañez-Parraga Leonor , Oliver Antonio , Munita Jose M , Boté Anna , Gasch Oriol , Nuvials Xavier , Dinh Aurélien , Shaw Robert , Lomas Jose M , Torres Vicente , Castón Juanjo , Araos Rafael , Abbo Lilian M , Rakita Robert , Pérez Federico , Aitken Samuel L , Arias Cesar A , Martín-Pena M Luisa , Colomar Asun , Núñez M Belén , Mensa Josep , Martínez José Antonio , Soriano Alex 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Background
Ceftolozane/tazobactam (C/T) efficacy and safety in ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is being evaluated at a double dose by several trials. This dosing is based on a pharmacokinetic (PK) model that demonstrated that 3 g q8h achieved ≥90% probability of target attainment (50% ƒT &gt; minimal inhibitory concentration [MIC]) in plasma and epithelial lining fluid against C/T-susceptible P. aeruginosa. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of different C/T doses in patients with lower respiratory infection (LRI) due to MDR- or XDR-P. aeruginosa considering the C/T MIC.

Methods
This was a multicenter retrospective study of 90 patients with LRI caused by resistant P. aeruginosa who received a standard or high dose (HDo) of C/T. Univariable and multivariable analyses were performed to identify independent predictors of 30-day mortality.

Results
The median age (interquartile range) was 65 (51–74) years. Sixty-three (70%) patients had pneumonia, and 27 (30%) had tracheobronchitis. Thirty-three (36.7%) were ventilator-associated respiratory infections. The median C/T MIC (range) was 2 (0.5–4) mg/L. Fifty-four (60%) patients received HDo. Thirty-day mortality was 27.8% (25/90). Mortality was significantly lower in patients with P. aeruginosa strains with MIC ≤2 mg/L and receiving HDo compared with the groups with the same or higher MIC and dosage (16.2% vs 35.8%; P = .041). Multivariate analysis identified septic shock (P &lt; .001), C/T MIC &gt;2 mg/L (P = .045), and increasing Charlson Comorbidity Index (P = .019) as independent predictors of mortality.

Conclusions
The effectiveness of C/T in P. aeruginosa LRI was associated with an MIC ≤2 mg/L, and the lowest mortality was observed when HDo was administered for strains with C/T MIC ≤2 mg/L. HDo was not statistically associated with a better outcome.
Primary vaginal adenocarcinoma of intestinal-type: case report of a rare gynaecological tumour
Authors: Ugwu Aloy O , Haruna Muibat , Okunade Kehinde S , Ohazurike Ephraim , Anorlu Rose I , Banjo Aina A F 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT
Vaginal cancer is rare and accounts for only 1 to 2% of all gynaecological malignancies. They arise as primary squamous cell cancers or are the result of extension from the cervix or vulva. Primary mucinous vaginal adenocarcinoma of intestinal-type is an extremely rare malignancy of unknown histogenesis with a diagnostic dilemma for the clinician and histopathologist. We presented the case of a 40-year-old Para 0+2 woman with the complaint of a mass in the vagina and recurrent vaginal bleeding who was evaluated and worked-up for examination under anaesthesia and biopsy of the vaginal mass. The histological examination revealed the unusual intestinal-type variant of adenocarcinoma of the vagina. Recognition of this rare entity is important, particularly to avoid the pitfall of misdiagnosing metastatic disease as primary vaginal cancer.
A misleading appearance of a common disease: tuberculosis with generalized lymphadenopathy—a case report
Authors: Bottineau Marie-Claude , Kouevi Kagni Ayekoué , Chauvet Eline , Garcia Daniel Martinez , Galetto-Lacour Annick , Wagner Noémie 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Introduction: Tuberculosis is a common illness for vulnerable populations in resource-limited settings. Lymph nodes in tuberculosis represent the most frequent extra-pulmonary form of tuberculosis in children, but lymph nodes are rarely generalized and large. We report an atypical pediatric case of tuberculosis with lymphadenopathy. Patient concerns and findings: A two-year-old child with severe acute malnutrition presented with painless, generalized, and excessively large nodes which were not compressive and were without fistula. Main diagnoses, interventions, outcomes: Fine needle aspiration was performed and led to the detection of lymph node granulomatous lymphadenitis suggestive of tuberculosis. Conclusion: The child was immediately initiated on anti-tuberculosis therapy with a very successful outcome. Clinicians should be aware of atypical manifestations such as the one we describe in the interest of swift diagnosis and initiation of treatment.
A large superior mesenteric artery aneurysm and ileal obstruction: a rare presentation of polyarteritis nodosa in an infant
Authors: Shimizu Akihiko , Tanaka Kensuke , Takazawa Shinya , Nishi Akira , Shimoyama Shinya , Kobayashi Tomio , Imagawa Tomoyuki , Hirato Junko , Yamada Yoshiyuki 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Polyarteritis nodosa (PAN) is a rare form of vasculitis that occurs in childhood and affects small- and medium-sized arteries. Large aneurysms due to PAN can induce fatal complications like rupturing or occlusion of the affected arteries. Here, we report a case of a 4-month-old girl with PAN complicated by a large superior mesenteric artery aneurysm and ileal obstruction. We controlled her blood pressure to prevent the artery from rupturing. A combination of prednisolone, intravenous cyclophosphamide, and plasma exchange reduced the inflammation. She developed mechanical ileus due to ileum stricture and underwent bowel resection. Histopathological examinations revealed reparative arteritis around the healed ulcer. Her postoperative course was uneventful without further dilatation of the aneurysm. This case highlights the importance of intensive immunosuppressive therapy and appropriate blood pressure control in pediatric patients with PAN complicated by large aneurysms. Mechanical ileus can develop and may require surgical management even after remission of vasculitis.
Pain-Relieving Effect of 4.4 MHz of Pulsed Radiofrequency on Acute Knee Arthritis in Rats
Authors: Moon Sun Wook , Park Eui Ho , Park Jin Sung , Lee Seung Won , Suh Hye Rim , Park Sang Hyun , Yoon Seung Zhoo , Park Kun Woo , Han Hee Chul 
Published: September 2019

AbstractObjectiveDrug injections and surgery are popular treatments for knee joint osteoarthritis. However, these treatments are invasive, and new noninvasive treatments with similar or better efficacy are needed. Here, we evaluated the application of 4.4 MHz of pulsed radiofrequency (PRF) as a new treatment.MethodsAcute arthritis was induced by injection of carrageenan into the intra-articular space of the knee in male rats. At 4.5 hours after arthritis induction, PRF with the treatment protocol of three seconds on and off was applied to the affected knee joint for 20 minutes. The changes in pain behavior were evaluated by comparing the peak weight load values of both hind paws at pretreatment and four, six, seven, eight, and 24 hours after treatment. And we also used Western blotting and immunohistochemistry to measure the inflammatory changes in the synovial membrane of the inflamed knee.ResultsWe found that the 20-minute application of PRF with the treatment protocol significantly recovered the weight load reduction at six-, seven-, and eight-hour time points after carrageenan injection. COX-2 and IL-1β levels were significantly reduced in the inflamed rats after PRF application at six and eight hours post–carrageenan injection. Immunohistochemistry showed that PRF significantly reduced inflammatory cell infiltration at six hours post–carrageenan injection.Conclusions. Our results indicate that noninvasive PRF application inhibited pain-related behavior and decreased inflammatory cytokine expression in the inflamed knee joints of rats. Accordingly, PRF application can serve as a potential therapeutic treatment to relieve pain associated with peripheral joint/tissue damage or inflammation.
Mobile Neurofeedback for Pain Management in Veterans with TBI and PTSD
Authors: Elbogen Eric B , Alsobrooks Amber , Battles Sara , Molloy Kiera , Dennis Paul A , Beckham Jean C , McLean Samuel A , Keith Julian R , Russoniello Carmen 
Published: October 2019

AbstractObjectiveChronic pain is common in military veterans with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Neurofeedback, or electroencephalograph (EEG) biofeedback, has been associated with lower pain but requires frequent travel to a clinic. The current study examined feasibility and explored effectiveness of neurofeedback delivered with a portable EEG headset linked to an application on a mobile device.DesignOpen-label, single-arm clinical trial.SettingHome, outside of clinic.SubjectsN = 41 veterans with chronic pain, TBI, and PTSD.MethodVeterans were instructed to perform “mobile neurofeedback” on their own for three months. Clinical research staff conducted two home visits and two phone calls to provide technical assistance and troubleshoot difficulties.ResultsN = 36 veterans returned for follow-up at three months (88% retention). During this time, subjects completed a mean of 33.09 neurofeedback sessions (10 minutes each). Analyses revealed that veterans reported lower pain intensity, pain interference, depression, PTSD symptoms, anger, sleep disturbance, and suicidal ideation after the three-month intervention compared with baseline. Comparing pain ratings before and after individual neurofeedback sessions, veterans reported reduced pain intensity 67% of the time immediately following mobile neurofeedback. There were no serious adverse events reported.ConclusionsThis preliminary study found that veterans with chronic pain, TBI, and PTSD were able to use neurofeedback with mobile devices independently after modest training and support. While a double-blind randomized controlled trial is needed for confirmation, the results show promise of a portable, technology-based neuromodulatory approach for pain management with minimal side effects.
Thermal Psychophysics and Associated Brain Activation Patterns Along a Continuum of Healthy Aging
Authors: Beach Paul A , Cowan Ronald L , Dietrich Mary S , Bruehl Stephen P , Atalla Sebastian W , Monroe Todd B 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Objective
To examine psychophysical and brain activation patterns to innocuous and painful thermal stimulation along a continuum of healthy older adults.

Design
Single center, cross-sectional, within-subjects design.

Methods
Thermal perceptual psychophysics (warmth, mild, and moderate pain) were tested in 37 healthy older adults (65–97 years, median = 73 years). Percept thresholds (oC) and unpleasantness ratings (0–20 scale) were obtained and then applied during functional magnetic resonance imaging scanning. General linear modeling assessed effects of age on psychophysical results. Multiple linear regressions were used to test the main and interaction effects of brain activation against age and psychophysical reports. Specifically, differential age effects were examined by comparing percent-signal change slopes between those above/below age 73 (a median split).

Results
Advancing age was associated with greater thresholds for thermal perception (z = 2.09, P = 0.037), which was driven by age and warmth detection correlation (r = 0.33, P = 0.048). Greater warmth detection thresholds were associated with reduced hippocampal activation in “older” vs “younger” individuals (&gt;/&lt;73 years; beta &lt; 0.40, P &lt; 0.01). Advancing age, in general, was correlated with greater activation of the middle cingulate gyrus (beta &gt; 0.44, P &lt; 0.01) during mild pain. Differential age effects were found for prefrontal activation during moderate pain. In “older” individuals, higher moderate pain thresholds and greater degrees of moderate pain unpleasantness correlated with lesser prefrontal activation (anterolateral prefrontal cortex and middle–frontal operculum; beta &lt; –0.39, P &lt; 0.009); the opposite pattern was found in “younger” individuals.

Conclusions
Advancing age may lead to altered thermal sensation and (in some circumstances) altered pain perception secondary to age-related changes in attention/novelty detection and cognitive functions.
Destructive Creation at Work: How Financial Distress Spurs Entrepreneurship
Authors: Babina Tania 
Published: September 2019

AbstractUsing U.S. Census firm-worker data, I document that firms’ financial distress has an economically important effect on employee departures to entrepreneurship. The impact is amplified in the high-tech and service sectors, where employees are key assets. In states with enforceable noncompete contracts, the effect is mitigated. Compared to typical entrepreneurs, distress-driven entrepreneurs are high-wage workers who found better firms, as measured by jobs, pay, and survival. Startup jobs compensate for 33% of job losses at the constrained incumbents. Overall, the financial inability of incumbent firms to pursue productive opportunities increases the reallocation of economic activity into new firms.Authors have furnished an Internet Appendix, which is available on the Oxford University Press Web site next to the link to the final published paper online.
Monetary Transmission through Shadow Banks
Authors: Xiao Kairong 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
I find that shadow bank money creation significantly expands during monetary-tightening cycles. This “shadow banking channel” offsets reductions in commercial bank deposits and dampens the impact of monetary policy. Using a structural model of bank competition, I show that the difference in depositor clienteles quantitatively explains banks’ different responses to monetary policy. Facing a more yield-sensitive clientele, shadow banks are more likely to pass through rate hikes to depositors, thereby attracting more deposits when the Federal Reserve raises rates. My results suggest that monetary tightening could unintentionally increase financial fragility by driving deposits into the uninsured shadow banking sector.
Authors have furnished an Internet Appendix, which is available on the Oxford University Press Web site next to the link to the final published paper online.
P55 Improving parental knowledge and confidence in managing a child with JIA
Authors: Sheehan Joanna , Green Kate 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
An MDT-led educational class for parents of children newly diagnosed with JIA was developed with the aims of improving parental knowledge and confidence in managing a child with JIA. Our clinical observations were that a number of our patients had inaccurate ideas of what JIA was, three to six months into treatment. This is in-line with studies indicating that memory for medical information is often poor and inaccurate especially when the patient is anxious. Research also indicates the importance of patients developing an understanding of the condition and treatment which can aid in a number of improved outcomes including adherence.
Our aim was to provide parents with an opportunity to increase their knowledge regarding JIA, addressing the medical and psychological management in a relaxed environment separate from a clinic appointment, without their children present. Several families had also requested to meet other parents for peer support and practical advice.

Methods
Parents of children newly diagnosed with JIA were invited to attend a session held in the evening at the NOC. Sessions were also conducted by the team at outreach clinics throughout the region. The programme was tailored to the child’s developmental stage and included information about JIA and its management from the advanced nurse specialist, physiotherapist, occupational therapist, paediatric psychologist and an experienced parent.
Prior to the session, parents completed a short questionnaire to assess their confidence in managing their child’s condition and their understanding of JIA and treatment. Responses were measured on a ten point VAS scale. This was then repeated on completion of the session. Qualitative data regarding parent experience was also captured.

Results
Due to the large geographical area, attendance was approximately 50%. Parents’ understanding about JIA and treatment on average increased 2.6 points on VAS scale, parent’s confidence in managing their child increased on average 2.9 points. Parents reported the sessions were useful to explore what support is available, information regarding future management, importance of exercise, the emotional and psychological impact of JIA and how to manage it. 100% of parents reported their pre session aims were met.

Conclusion
Parental knowledge and confidence in managing their child’s condition was shown to increase in all those who attended, demonstrated by increases in VAS scores. Sessions allowed parents to access information from specialist paediatric rheumatology professionals and meet with peers in a relaxed environment.
Consideration is currently being given to the use of social media to boost attendance through a virtual session. We are planning to follow-up parents to see if the increase in VAS scores is maintained

Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare no conflicts of interest.