bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Work and mental health: The experience of the Quebec workforce	between 1987 and 1998
Authors: Marchand Alain , Durand Pierre , Demers Andrée 
Published: December 2024

This study examines the distribution of psychological distress in twelve occupational groups over the decade 1987–1998 in the Quebec workforce. Cross-sectional data from the three phases of the Quebec Health and Social Survey are used with n = 9,450 in 1987, n = 10,947 in 1992 and n = 10,960 in 1998, totalling 31,357 workers aged 15 and over. Occupations are classified according to the Canadian Socio-economic Classification of Occupations. Prevalence estimates for occupational groups are computed and logistic regression analyses are conducted controlling for gender, age and marital status. The results show that the prevalence of workers with psychological distress increased sharply between 1987 and 1992 and declined back in 1998 but still increased compared to 1987. However, only non-qualified white collars, semi-qualified blue collars and male non-qualified blue collars show a significant increment in psychological distress over time. Analysis of the differentials in the prevalence of psychological distress gives greater odds of distress for supervisors, semi-qualified white and blue collar workers compared to upper managers. The odds for occupations are stable over time, gender, age and marital status. The odds of female workers significantly decreased in the three phases. It appears that the restructuring of the work environment and the perturbations in the larger society promoted an increase of psychological distress within definite segments of the workforce. The specific contribution of occupation is limited but supervisors and occupations requiring lower qualifications are more at risk regarding mental health at work.
Conditions that influence the elimination of postural constraints	after office employees working with VDU have received ergonomics training
Authors: Montreuil Sylvie , Laflamme Lucie , Brisson Chantal , Teiger Catherine 
Published: December 2024

Objective: The goal of this article is to better understand how preventive measures are undertaken after training. It examines how certain variables, such as musculoskeletal pain, participant age and workstation and work content characteristics influence the reduction of postural constraints after office employees working with a computer have received ergonomics training. Methods: A pre-test/post-test design was used. The 207 female office workers were given 6 hours of ergonomics training. The variables were determined using a self-administered questionnaire and an observation grid filled out 2 weeks before and 6 months after the training session. The FAC and HAC were used in the data processing. Results: The presence or absence of musculoskeletal pain had no statistically significant influence on whether or not postural constraints were eliminated. The age of the participants and the possibility of adjusting the workstation characteristics and work content produced differentiated results with regard to postural constraint reduction. We concluded that trained people succeed in taking relevant and effective measures to reduce the postural constraints found in VDUs. However other measures than work station adjustments lead to this prevention and such training must be strongly supported by the various hierarchical levels of an enterprise or an institution.
Educational background: Different processes and consequences on	health and physical and mental exposures among women and men
Authors: Dahlberg Raymond , Bildt Carina , Vingård Eva , Karlqvist Lena 
Published: December 2024

Objective: To compare health and exposures at work and at home of women and men with the same educational background. Methods: The study group consisted of 3831 individuals, grouped into three educational categories based on length of education. Category 1, which represents 9-year compulsory school; Category 2, which includes 3-year upper secondary school, i.e. in total 12 years of education; and Category 3, which includes post-secondary school, such as university. They responded to a questionnaire that included questions on health and exposures at work and at home. Results: Significant differences were shown in health outcomes between women and men with the same educational background and also in exposures in their professional and private lives. Associations between educational background and health were found and analyses revealed that men with a university education run the lowest risk of developing ill health. Conclusion: Women with the same educational background as men are differently exposed, both in paid and unpaid work, due to the segregated labour market and the unequal distribution of domestic duties. Men in all educational categories studied had better health compared to women with the same educational background.
Effects of a co-financed interdisciplinary collaboration model in	primary health care on service utilisation among patients with musculoskeletal	disorders
Authors: Hultberg Eva-Lisa , Lönnroth Knut , Allebeck Peter 
Published: December 2024

Background: In 1994 Sweden introduced a trial legislation allowing co-financing between authorities. The legislation aimed to stimulate new ways of collaboration between health and social care providers. One of the specific objectives was to make management of patients with conditions requiring multidisciplinary care more efficient and reduce costs. This study aims to assess if there were any differences in management of patients with musculoskeletal disorders at health centres applying the trial legislation compared to health centre with conventional care with regards to health services utilisation, health care interventions received, and costs. Method: A comparative prospective study was conducted. Consecutive patients aged 16–64 with musculoskeletal disorders attending the health care centres with (n=107) and without (n=31) co-financing model were interviewed at inclusion and after 6 and 12 months. Number of contacts with professionals and interventions received were registered. Results: Patients at the intervention centres had significantly more contact with physiotherapists and physicians than the controls. Contacts with other services such as social insurance office, social services office or hospitals did not differ significantly between the groups. Costs were higher for the interventions centres. Conclusion: The findings do not suggest that the trial legislation reduced health care utilisation or costs for patients with musculoskeletal disorders.
Reliability of the JobFit System Pre-Employment Functional	Assessment Tool
Authors: Legge Jennifer , Burgess-Limerick Robin 
Published: December 2024

Functional capacity testing in the pre-employment or post-offer phase of recruitment is increasing in popularity as a preventative tool for controlling sprains and strains in the workplace. The purpose of this study is to determine the reliability of the JobFit System Pre-Employment Functional Assessment (PEFA) as a whole, or in parts, as a precursor for a validity study investigating the relationship between PEFA results and workplace injury rates and severity. A group of 28 healthy male coal mine employees were videotaped whilst they participated in a generic JobFit System Pre-Employment Functional Assessment (PEFA) including tests of aerobic physical fitness, balance, postural tolerances and material handling tolerances. Twenty participants performed a second trial. The test component scores and overall PEFA scores were compared between trials (test-retest, intra-rater) and assessors (inter-rater) to determine their reliability expressed in terms of ICC. Using an ICC score of > 0.75 as good and > 0.90 as excellent, in conjunction with percentage agreement a good to excellent reliability rating was allocated to the overall PEFA score, floor to bench lift, bench to overhead lift, bilateral carry and climbing. A moderate to good rating was recorded for bench to shoulder lifts, reaching forward, reaching overhead and stooping. A poor to moderate rating was recorded for squatting, balance and fitness tests. Test-retest scores were typically lower than intra-tester and inter-tester scores. ICC scores should be interpreted with consideration of their limitations and in conjunction with the actual test results.
Work resumption after vocational rehabilitation: A follow-up two	years after completed rehabilitation
Authors: Ahlgren Åsa , Bergroth Alf , Ekholm Jan , Schüldt Kristina 
Published: December 2024

A short-term evaluation of vocational rehabilitation (VR) may give conclusions not automatically applicable over a longer term. The present study follows up alterations in work resumption or in social insurance benefits from the time of completed VR and during the following two years. Aim: The primary objective was to evaluate work resumption among previous sick-leavers granted vocational rehabilitation. The aim of the follow-up was to assess the stability of the outcome of VR over time and to analyse factors of importance for clients that remained at work. Method: A register investigation was based on 815 cases where the clients had taken part in vocational rehabilitation and were served by one of six local social insurance offices of a Swedish county. Results: Of the clients studied, 52.4% had attained full working capacity The proportion had decreased to 37.4% two years later. One factor that differed between those who resumed work and those who returned to sick leave was the duration of the previous sick-leave period. Those who returned to work had had shorter sick leave, had jobs to return to and had received job training as a vocational rehabilitation measure. Conclusions: The clients with the best chances of being in work two years after completed vocational rehabilitation were those with short sickness absence, who had been selected for job training as a vocational rehabilitation, were aged 16–29 years and were employed in industry.
The work ability web: A tool for job matching
Authors: Graham Margot S. 
Published: December 2024

A rural community in the Eastern Cape, South Africa, requested assistance in finding a solution for the dilemma of unemployment for persons with disabilities (PWD). The researcher was involved in a multi disciplinary development programme in the community and investigated the possibilities of integrating the PWD in the income generating projects planned for the community at large. This article reports on one of the objectives of this participatory research study: exploring possible ways of job placement in the projects by community workers. The challenge was to find a simplified process by which uncomplicated placements could be handled by community workers, and complex cases identified and referred to the regional occupational therapists. The researcher used a functional assessment kit to assess the level of dependence/independence of each PWD as well as an interview on employment history and personal aspirations and needs. A job analysis was done on five planned projects for the community that would generate income. The data of the functional analysis of each person and the job requirements were then plotted on one web, the work ability web (WAW) to illustrate compatibility. One of the cases from the sample is described to demonstrate the process.
The Model of Creative Ability in vocational rehabilitation
Authors: Casteleijn Daleen , de Vos Helé 
Published: December 2024

Occupational therapy literature has reported on the concept of motivation in great depth and it is evident that motivation has many constructs. Motivation is seen as a key indicator for success in rehabilitation. When assessing a client's vocational skills and performance, occupational therapists in South Africa have found the Model of Creative Ability to be a useful model to determine the quality and quantity of motivation. This article briefly describes the development of the Model of Creative Ability in South Africa and explains the fundamental concepts and terminology used in the model. Criticism of the model as well as the reasons for the popularity of this model are given. A case study is used as an example to illustrate the unique contribution of the levels of motivation and action to a medico-legal report.
Long-term effects of forearm support: Computer users working at	conventional desks
Authors: Cook Catherine , Downes Lisa , Bowman Julia 
Published: December 2024

Recent research has demonstrated that forearm support might be preferable to working in the traditional "floating" posture for computer users. A previous field study in a call centre reported a significant decrease in discomfort following 12 weeks of using a conventional desk for forearm support [8]. The aim of this follow up study was to determine the long-term effect (21 months post intervention) of forearm support on reported musculoskeletal discomfort in the previous sample of intensive computer users. Methods: The follow-up sample consisted of 33 females and 2 males (59% of original group). Data were collected via self-report questionnaires and workstation assessments. Results: Despite a significant reduction in discomfort for most body regions following the initial intervention, the only significant decrease in discomfort over 21 months was for the neck. Reported discomfort for all other body regions had decreased, apart from the shoulder in which there was a reported increase in discomfort. The results of this follow up study indicate that forearm support has a positive effect on the reduction of neck discomfort. The increase in shoulder discomfort indicates that a concave desk may be preferable to the conventional desk if the forearm support posture is to be adopted.
Activity and sleeping time monitored by an accelerometer in	rotating shift workers
Authors: Kawada Tomoyuki , Shimizu Takako , Fujii Atsunaru , Kuratomi Yushiro , Suto Sachiko , Kanai Tomoe , Nishime Akemi , Sato Kyoko , Otsuka Yasue 
Published: December 2024

Background: The relationship between total sleep time and activity levels during work before or after sleep in two rotating work shifts was compared. Method: Monitoring of activity levels using an activity-detecting device in the wrist was conducted in 17 rotating shift workers, who ranged in age from 34 to 55 years. The work shifts, consisting of a morning shift (6:30 to 15:15 hours) and an evening shift (15:15 to 24:00 hours), were rotated on a weekly basis. Partial correlation coefficient was calculated after controlling for age. Results: The total sleep time after the morning shift was significantly related to the activity count before sleep (r=−0.42) or after sleep (r=−0.36). There was also a significant relationship between total sleep time after the evening shift and the activity count before sleep (r=−0.39) or after sleep (r=−0.32). The mean total sleep time of the subjects for the morning shift was 349 minutes, which was significantly lower than that after the evening shift (382 minutes). In addition, the activity count during the morning shift was significantly higher than that during the evening shift. Conclusions: The negative relationship between sleep time and activity before or after sleep became clear in shift workers.
Musculoskeletal symptoms in relation to work exposures at call	centre companies in Sweden
Authors: Norman Kerstin , Floderus Birgitta , Hagman Maud , Toomingas Allan , Tornqvist Ewa Wigaeus 
Published: December 2024

Objectives: Call centres (CCs) are one of the most rapidly growing types of workplaces in Sweden. The purpose of the study was to assess associations between exposures at CC work and symptoms in the Neck/shoulders and Arm/hand. Comparisons were made between internal and external CCs. An internal CC is a department or separate unit within a larger company with another main core business, while an external CC is a free-standing company. Methods: A cross-sectional study of a selected sample of CCs was conducted. A questionnaire, covering characteristics of work and management, physical and psychosocial exposures and symptoms during the last month, was answered by 1183 operators from 28 CCs. Results: Three out of four operators reported pain or aches in one or more of the requested body regions, with no major difference between internal and external CC operators. Comfort of the work environment, showed the strongest association with symptoms in the Neck/shoulder and Arm/hand, in both types of CCs. Other exposures associated with symptoms in the Neck/shoulder or Arm/hand in either type of CC were: low complexity of work, long total time of customer calls per day, continuous computer work without a break, high psychological demands, low decision latitude, lack of social support from colleagues and supervisor. Conclusions: The study is unique in that there are no previous studies focusing on a large variety of exposures specific to CC work, based on a large number of workers from different types of CCs. The study confirms previously suggested associations between unfavourable work characteristics and management, a poor physical and psychosocial environment, and musculoskeletal symptoms in computer-telephone interactive tasks. The nature of calls during work were related to symptoms of persons working in internal CCs, whereas the time spent seated and continuous computer work were related to symptoms of those in external CCs.
The epidemiology and re-employment outcomes of 467 workers with	industrial injuries
Authors: Li Kuicheng , Tang Dan , Xu Yanwen , Lu Xunwen 
Published: December 2024

Objective: To describe the epidemiology and re-employment outcomes of employees with industrial injuries and provide further information for the prevention of industrial injuries and work rehabilitation with the purpose of lower injury rate and cost savings. Method: Learn about epidemiology and re-employment status by investigating 467 employees separately when in hospital and half a year after leaving hospital. The investigation form is designed according to the Classification Criterion of Employee's Casualty Accident (UDC658.382 GB6441-86) and local industrial injury status. Results: Employees with industrial injuries have obvious regional characteristics in aspects such as sex composition, age, position of injury, injury causes, injury type, and vocation before suffering injury, level of education, degree of disability, employment wishes, and actual employment status. Conclusions: Industrial injury presents obvious characteristics in epidemiology. Therefore, it should take respective characteristics into consideration when conducting prevention of industrial injury and work rehabilitation.
Occupational therapy – Meeting the needs of older adult	workers?
Authors: Evans Dawn M. , Conte Karmela , Gilroy Melissa , Marvin Tifany , Theysohn Heather , Fisher Grace 
Published: December 2024

Objective: The purpose of this phenomenological study was to explore and better understand (a) why aging workers continue to work past retirement age, (b) how aware occupational therapists are of the needs of the growing demographic of the aging worker, and (c) potential occupational therapy interventions that could better help this population. Method: This study was conducted with a mixed method design approach, specifically the parallel/simultaneous design, which consisted of both qualitative and quantitative investigation. The quantitative portion of the study focused on data obtained from the surveys and the qualitative portion was based on phenomenological interviews of aging workers. Results: Themes emerging from the interviews demonstrate the importance of health promoting habits and family support in providing the critical foundation to maintain employment past age 55. Financial stability was a key motivator which compelled the interviewees to continue working. The older workers had no planned date for retirement and felt confident that the knowledge and life experience they offered were important qualities they brought to the workplace. The survey showed a need for occupational therapists to become more responsive to the growing demographic of older adult workers as they reported limited service enhancement and expansion for this group. Conclusion: Aging workers are prime candidates for occupational therapy. However, the profession appears to be overlooking opportunities to meet the needs of these productive community members. Occupational therapists need to better respond to the physical, social, psychological, cognitive, and environmental challenges faced by this well population. The authors challenge occupational therapists to alter services, seek funding and obtain continuing education so they are better equipped to establish and enhance effective programs for this growing population.
Examining differences in developmental work personality across	disability category: Implications for individuals with psychiatric	disabilities
Authors: O'Sullivan Deirdre , Strauser David R. , Wong Alex W. K. 
Published: December 2024

Objective: The purpose of this exploratory study was to examine the differences in levels of work personality for persons with psychiatric disabilities compared to persons with other types of disabilities. Participants: Seventy one adults eligible to receive Vocational Rehabilitation services participated; 30 reported a physical disability, 26 reported a psychiatric disability, and 15 reported a learning disability. Methods: Eligible participants were recruited through VR offices and volunteered to participate. Results: Results indicate that persons with psychiatric disabilities scored significantly lower on the Work Task and Social Skills subscales of the Developmental Work Personality Scale (DWPS) when compared to individuals with physical disabilities, but scored higher than individuals with physical and learning disabilities on the Role Model subscale. Conclusions: The results of this study provide some initial clarity regarding developmental work personality differences among three broad categories of disability. Recommendations for future research are provided.
Pengaruh Lingkungan Kerja dan Burnout terhadap Motivasi serta Implikasinya pada Kinerja Pegawai BAPPEDA Jawa Barat
Authors: Maulana Faizal Akbar , Suwandi Yudi W. 
Published: December 2024

When employees experience fatigue or boredom at work due to conditions that can't be predicteed in advance, this will disrupt the psychological condition known as burnout, and if it can't be control, it will affect work motivation. The work environment and burnout feel by employees affect work motivation, and if they can't be overcome, they will affect performance. The aim of this research is to determine the influence of the work environment and burnout on motivation and its implications for the performance of West Java BAPPEDA employees. Descriptive quantitative research method, research sample of 147 permanent employees (ASN) BAPPEDA West Java. The research results found that simultaneously, the work environment and burnout had a significant effect on the motivation of West Java BAPEDDA employees. Meanwhile, partially motivated employees have a significant effect on the performance of West Java BAPEDDA employees.