bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Artificial intelligence in otorhinolaryngology: current trends and application areas
Authors: Demir Emre , Uğurlu Burak Numan , Uğurlu Gülay Aktar , Aydoğdu Gülçin 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose
This study aims to perform a bibliometric analysis of scientific research on the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in the field of Otorhinolaryngology (ORL), with a specific focus on identifying emerging AI trend topics within this discipline.

Methods
A total of 498 articles on AI in ORL, published between 1982 and 2024, were retrieved from the Web of Science database. Various bibliometric techniques, including trend keyword analysis and factor analysis, were applied to analyze the data.

Results
The most prolific journal was the European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology (n = 67). The USA (n = 200) and China (n = 61) were the most productive countries in AI-related ORL research. The most productive institutions were Harvard University / Harvard Medical School (n = 71). The leading authors in this field were Lechien JR. (n = 18) and Rameau A. (n = 17). The most frequently used keywords in the AI research were cochlear implant, head and neck cancer, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), hearing loss, patient education, diagnosis, radiomics, surgery, hearing aids, laryngology ve otitis media. Recent trends in otorhinolaryngology research reflect a dynamic focus, progressing from hearing-related technologies such as hearing aids and cochlear implants in earlier years, to diagnostic innovations like audiometry, psychoacoustics, and narrow band imaging. The emphasis has recently shifted toward advanced applications of MRI, radiomics, and computed tomography (CT) for conditions such as head and neck cancer, chronic rhinosinusitis, laryngology, and otitis media. Additionally, increasing attention has been given to patient education, quality of life, and prognosis, underscoring a holistic approach to diagnosis, surgery, and treatment in otorhinolaryngology.

Conclusion
AI has significantly impacted the field of ORL, especially in diagnostic imaging and therapeutic planning. With advancements in MRI and CT-based technologies, AI has proven to enhance disease detection and management. The future of AI in ORL suggests a promising path toward improving clinical decision-making, patient care, and healthcare efficiency.
A bottom-up initiated digital external quality assessment scheme for the state-of-the-art pathology in Sweden: reduced variability between pathology departments
Authors: Rask Gunilla , Olofsson Helena , Bauer Annette , Bodén Anna , van Brakel Johannes , Colón-Cervantes Eugenia , Ehinger Anna , Kovács Anikó , Rundgren-Sellei Åsa , Hartman Johan , Ågren Josefin , Darai-Ramqvist Eva , Andersson Charlotta , Gustafsson Christina Kåbjörn , Acs Balazs 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
External quality assessment (EQA) schemes for pathology are essential, yet large/international programmes do not assess morphology-based biomarkers or address local/regional needs. This study outlines bottom-up initiated, flexible Swedish Digital Pathology EQA rounds for breast pathology, and presents results from the 2021 and 2023 rounds. Six breast carcinoma cases were selected for each EQA round by the Swedish Breast Pathology Expert Group (KVAST Breast). Whole tissue slides stained with HE, IHC, and ISH were anonymized, digitized, and uploaded to the digital EQA platform. Biomarkers were selected based on national registry data analysis and pathologist and clinician feedback. The 2021 round assessed Nottingham grade (NHG), oestrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), while the 2023 round focused on NHG, HER2-low, and global Ki67. Twenty-seven pathology departments participated. From 2021 to 2023, the variability of NHG assessment on digital slides improved from moderate to substantial (kappa 0.50; 95% CI 0.45–0.55 to 0.64; 95% CI 0.60–0.68), with better agreement for NHG3 than NHG1. Participants showed substantial and excellent agreement in ER (kappa 1) and PR (0.75 (95% CI 0.69–0.82). We found similar agreement in distinguishing HER2 IHC 0 (0.78; 95% CI 0.72–0.82) and HER2 IHC 3 + (0.94; 95% CI 0.88–1.00) from other HER2 IHC scores. Participants showed substantial agreement in detecting Ki67 high and Ki67 low cases (kappa 0.65; 95% CI 0.60–0.71 and 0.69; 95% CI 0.64–0.74, respectively). This digital EQA identifies local issues and complements large international EQAs to address challenges in the rapidly changing biomarkers of cancer therapy.
Spinel to plagioclase reaction in high heat flow mantle domains entrapped in uprising lavas: the case study of mantle xenoliths from Azrou-Timahdite, Middle Atlas, Morocco
Authors: Orlando Andrea , Tommasini Simone , Braschi Eleonora , Santo Alba P. , Langone Antonio , Barni Lorenzo , Sestini Lorenzo 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Mantle xenoliths (lherzolites and a wehrlite) found in Cenozoic alkaline lavas from Azrou–Timahdite (Middle Atlas, Morocco) were petrographically studied with a particular emphasis on mineral chemistry. The most striking feature of these rocks is that plagioclase formed as a result of Al-rich spinel destabilization. This reaction is recorded in different steps and determined a variety of microstructures that allowed to identify four groups of xenoliths. Spinel chemistry generally becomes more refractory approaching the magma-xenolith interface. Geothermobarometry of both xenoliths and host lavas based on pyroxene equilibria and Forsterite—Anorthite—Ca Tschermak—Enstatite (FACE) geobarometer is consistent with a scenario in which spinel to plagioclase reaction was triggered at 0.7–1 GPa by hot (> 1100 °C) upraising magma in a mantle already characterized by a high heat flow (> 80 mW/m2). The entrapment of the xenoliths by the host magma en route to the surface caused a chemical interaction resulting in orthopyroxene destabilization with the formation of anorthoclase. The high geothermal gradient outlined by the mineral chemistry of the xenoliths is consistent with the geodynamic setting of the area, where the lithosphere has been thinned due to the upraising of a mantle plume active since Mesozoic and producing the Mesozoic Central High Atlas basalts.

Graphical abstract
Safety and efficacy of neoadjuvant cisplatin + S-1 combined with radiation therapy for locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Karashima Takashi , Takamori Shinkichi , Abe Miyuki , Takumi Yohei , Osoegawa Atsushi , Sugio Kenji 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose
To assess the safety and efficacy of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy with cisplatin plus S-1 for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), with a focus on real-world outcomes.

Methods
This retrospective study analyzed 32 patients with stage II-III NSCLC eligible for resection, who received preoperative induction therapy between January 2012 and December 2022. Specifically, 20 patients received cisplatin, S-1, and radiation therapy.

Results
Among the 32 patients who received induction therapy, the objective response rate (ORR) was 56.2%, and surgical resection was feasible in 29 patients (90.6%). The 5 year recurrence-free survival (RFS) rate was 76.4%, and the 3- and 5 year overall survival (OS) rates were 86.2% and 82.3%, respectively. In the cisplatin + S-1 + radiation therapy group (n = 20), the ORR was 65.0%, and surgical resection was feasible in 17 patients (85.0%). The 3-year RFS and OS rates were 78.3% and 83.8%, respectively. Ef. 3 (complete pathological response) was observed in 3 patients (10.3%). No recurrences occurred in the non-adenocarcinoma subgroup (n = 6), indicating better outcomes relative to the adenocarcinoma group (5-year RFS, 100% vs. 61.4%; p = 0.07).

Conclusions
Induction therapy, particularly with cisplatin + S-1 + radiation was associated with promising RFS and OS in locally advanced NSCLC, with favorable tolerability and effectiveness.
Trends in fertility preservation treatments in Japan until 2023: analysis of the Japan Oncofertility Registry
Authors: Kawai Takao , Harada Miyuki , Urata Yoko , Sanada Yuko , Kaneda Youtaro , Takai Yasushi , Osuga Yutaka , Suzuki Nao 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Fertility preservation for patients with cancer or other diseases who receive gonadotoxic treatment has gained importance as cancer survival rates increase. In Japan, a database for registering all fertility preservation patients, named the Japan Oncofertility Registry (JOFR), was established in 2018. This study aimed to analyze recent trends in fertility preservation in Japan utilizing data from the JOFR.

Methods
Data was extracted from the JOFR for patients who consulted fertility preservation teams until May 2024. A descriptive analysis was conducted to examine trends in patient demographics, cancer types, fertility preservation treatments, complications, and outcomes. The data covered the period from diagnosis to fertility preservation and subsequent usage or disposal of frozen specimens.

Results
A total of 11,510 patients were recorded, with 9491 undergoing fertility preservation treatments. The number of patients increased steadily after 2006. After 2021, the number of female patients was much higher than the number of male patients. The most common primary diseases were breast cancer among women and testicular tumors and leukemia among men. There were some complications including ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (5.0%), bleeding (0.12%), and infections (0.05%) for women. Seven hundred and sixty clinical pregnancies were recorded, with 440 using preserved specimens. The discard rate was 16.3% for men and 3.7% for women.

Conclusion
The study highlights recent trends in the growing number of cases undergoing fertility preservation in Japan. It also identifies several issues to be solved in fertility preservation in Japan, regarding its efficacy and safety, as well as the medical provision system.
Better together: Combining expert and citizen science data improves our understanding of occurrence patterns of lynx and wolves in Lower Saxony, Germany
Authors: Ludolphy Catharina , Gräber Reinhild , Strauß Egbert , Klages Inga , Reding Raoul , Anders Ole , Middelhoff Tomma Lilli , Balkenhol Niko 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The return of the two large carnivores wolf and lynx to the federal state of Lower Saxony, Germany, is accompanied by conflicts, which have to be addressed by comprehensive management strategies. Basis for such management is rigorous monitoring of spatial and temporal occurrence patterns of both species. Currently, there are two different monitoring approaches executed in Lower Saxony: the official one, established with the species’ return, is based on reporting opportunistic findings by the general public complemented with systematic camera trap surveys and scat searches. The other approach was implemented in 2014 as part of the “Wildlife Survey Lower Saxony”, an annual questionnaire sent out to owners and tenants of hunting districts, with the goal to obtain state-wide information on huntable wildlife. In this study, we therefore aimed to compare both monitoring approaches in terms of general, spatial and temporal congruence using an internal classification scheme. We showed that the different monitoring approaches provide similar information on the general development of lynx and wolf occurrence across Lower Saxony. Spatial differences were mainly found at the edges of known distributional ranges. In terms of temporal dynamics, the wildlife survey data seemed to be slightly ahead of the official monitoring programmes. We also found species-related differences, which may be related to different attitudes towards the two species. Overall, our findings indicate that the different approaches complement each other and inferences on species occurrence should be made in conjunction of the two data sets.
Longitudinal renal function changes during real-world anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy for diabetic macular edema in Japan
Authors: Usui-Ouchi Ayumi , Kishishita Shuta , Sakanishi Yoshihito , Mashimo Keitaro , Tamaki Kazunori , Matsuzawa Moe , Kimura Meiko , Ikari Riyu , Morita Shuu , Ninomiya Ishin , Sakuma Toshiro , Ebihara Nobuyuki , Nakao Shintaro 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose
This retrospective observational study aimed to investigate the longitudinal changes in renal function and central macular thickness (CMT) and their impact on visual outcomes during anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) therapy for diabetic macular edema (DME).

Study design
This study employed a retrospective observational design and analyzed data from treatment-naive patients with DME (62 cases, 100 eyes) receiving anti-VEGF therapy for 36 months. Baseline and follow-up assessments were conducted at 12, 24, and 36 months.

Methods
Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), CMT, number of anti-VEGF injections, HbA1c, serum creatinine (Cre), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), urinary protein levels, and chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage were measured at each time point.

Results
The study population had a mean age of 60.7 ± 12.2 years, with 41 men and 21 women. Over the 36-month period, the mean number of anti-VEGF injections per eye was 5.3 ± 3.3. Maximum CMT significantly decreased at each time point, and final BCVA showed significant improvement (logMAR: − 0.07). HbA1c levels remained stable, BUN and Cre levels increased, and eGFR decreased significantly over time. CKD stage 3+ at 36 months significantly resulted in worse CMT.

Conclusion
This retrospective observational study provides valuable insights into the longitudinal changes in renal function and CMT during anti-VEGF therapy for DME. Our findings emphasize the importance of monitoring renal function. This study contributes to our understanding of the complex relationship between renal function, DME, and anti-VEGF therapy, thereby facilitating improved management and outcomes in patients with DME.
Some musings on erythrogigantoacoustics
Authors: Gough Douglas 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Observations of stars other than the Sun are sensitive to oscillations of only low degree. Many are high-order acoustic modes. Acoustic frequencies of main-sequence stars, for example, satisfy a well-known pattern, which some astronomers have adopted even for red-giant stars. That is not wise, because the internal structures of these stars can be quite different from those on the Main Sequence, which is populated by stars whose structure is regular. Here I report on pondering this matter, and point out two fundamental deviations from the commonly adopted relation. There are aspects of the regular relation that are connected in a simple way to gross properties of the star, such as the dependence of the eigenfrequencies on the linear combination

$n+\textstyle {\frac{1}{2}}l$

n
+

1

2

l

of the order

$n$

n

and degree

$l$

l

, which is characteristic of a regular spherical acoustic cavity. That is not a feature of red-giant frequencies, because, as experienced by the waves, red-giant stars appear to have (phantom) singular centres, which substantially modify the propagation of waves. That requires a generalization of the eigenfrequency relation, which I present here. When fitted to the observed frequencies of the Sun, the outcome is consistent with the Sun being round, with no singularity in the core. That is hardly novel, but at least it provides some assurance that our understanding of stellar acoustic wave dynamics is on a sound footing.
Glycolysis regulates palatal mesenchyme proliferation through Pten-Glut1 axis via Pten classical and non-classical pathways
Authors: Wang Yijia , Peng Xia , Wang Xiaotong , Chen Jing , Zheng Xiaoyu , Zhao Xige , Guo Cui , Du Juan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Abnormal embryonic development leads to the formation of cleft palate (CP) which is difficult to be detected by genetic screening and needs sequent treatment from infants to adults. There are no interceptive treatment about CP until now. Germline deletion of phosphatase and tensin homolog (Pten) was related to embryonic malformation and regulated tumor cell proliferation through glycolysis. However, the role of Pten in CP and the relationship between CP, Pten, and glycolysis are unknown. In our research, we constructed Pten knockdown models in vitro and in vivo. Our results provided preliminary evidence that blocking Pten by its inhibitor such as VO-OHpic might be an effective interceptive treatment in early period of palate development when pregnant mother expose in harmful environment during the early period of palate development to reducing CP occurring which was related with the crosstalk between Pten, and glycolysis in the process.

Graphical Abstract
Biased Perceptions of Physiological Arousal in Social Anxiety: Understanding the Role of Objective and Subjective Physiological Arousal in the Discrepancy Between Self and Observer Perceptions of Social Performance
Authors: Thomas Teegan , Johnco Carly 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Individuals with social anxiety underestimate their social performance compared to observers (i.e., self-observer discrepancy). Cognitive models suggest that heightened attention to, and exaggerated perception of, physiological symptoms of anxiety results in the construction of (inaccurate) mental representations of their external appearance. This study examined the relative contribution of subjective physiological arousal, self-focused attention and objective physiological arousal in predicting self-observer discrepancies during a speech performance task.

Method
Participants with high (N = 39) and low (N = 36) levels of speech anxiety completed a 10-minute speech task, with continuous measurement of objective physiological arousal (heart rate and skin conductance), self-reported subjective physiological arousal and focus of attention. Speech performance quality was rated by participants and observers to assess self-observer discrepancy.

Results
There was higher self-observer discrepancy, self-focused attention and subjective physiological arousal in the high vs. low anxiety group, but no significant difference in objective physiological arousal. Subjective physiological arousal and self-focused attention predicted self-observer discrepancy, but objective physiological arousal did not.

Conclusions
Results are consistent with cognitive models of social anxiety suggesting that cognitive and attentional biases, rather than differences in objective physiological experience, are key in understanding self-observer discrepancies in social anxiety.
Fingerprint analysis and reporting in legal trials: a critical re-evaluation
Authors: Levanon Liat , Tully Gillian 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Some types of forensic evidence are analysed by forensic experts using non-probabilistic methods; the conclusions of the analysis are then reported to courts as categorical opinions. Fingerprint evidence is the most common example. The article calls for a change of practice: forensic evidence should be analysed using probabilistic methods and reported to the court in non-categorical terms. It should then be for the court to decide which categorical conclusions to draw from the evidence. The court should do so based on the unique practical considerations that enter at that stage and that guide legal decision-making. It is suggested that forensic scientists are not well-placed and indeed should not be authorised to weigh such considerations, which are inconsistent with those relevant for scientific discourse.
Adaptive Functioning Across Contexts: A Comparison of Parent and Self-Reported Ratings in Autistic and Non-Autistic Youth
Authors: Yon-Hernández Jo A. , Iosif Ana-Maria , Srivastav Apurv , Solomon Marjorie 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Multi-informants are essential for capturing the full range of adaptive functioning abilities necessary for daily living and independence. However, discrepancies within parent-child dyads, specifically comparing parent-reports to child self-reports, can cloud interpretation from assessments and hinder support planning. This study examines discrepancies in parent-youth perceptions of adaptive functioning, focusing on the social domain, and investigates associations among parents, youth, and independent ratings, considering factors like IQ, autism severity, and parental education. The study included 132 individuals (66 autistic, 66 non-autistic) aged 16–24 years. Adaptive functioning was measured using the Adaptive Behavior Assessment System-3 across the conceptual, practical, and social domains. Agreement between reporters was assessed using paired-sample t-tests, intraclass-correlations, and Bland-Altman plots. Spearman’s correlations examined associations between raters, while the effects of IQ, autism severity, and parental education on discrepancies were analyzed using linear regression. Autistic self- and parent-reports showed lower adaptive functioning than non-autistic dyads. Autistic youth reported higher social and less practical adaptive skills compared to parents. Autistic self-reports in the social domain correlated significantly with independent assessment. Increased autistic symptoms were associated with greater parent-child discrepancies. This study underscores the importance of multi-informant assessments to understand the full range of adaptive functioning in autistic individuals. Discrepancies in social and practical domains highlight the need for both perspectives, because parents may not observe all behaviors and may overlook autistic individuals’ perception of support needs in the practical domain. Understanding these differences is crucial for improving supports planning and enhancing quality of life for autistic individuals.
Morse Decomposition of Scalar Differential Equations with State-Dependent Delay
Authors: Bartha Ferenc A. , Garab Ábel , Krisztin Tibor 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We consider state-dependent delay differential equations of the form

$$\begin{aligned} \dot{x}(t) = f(x(t), x(t - r(x_t))), \end{aligned}$$

x
˙

(
t
)

=
f

(
x

(
t
)

,
x

(
t
-
r

(

x
t

)

)

)

,

where f is continuously differentiable and fulfills a negative feedback condition in the delayed term. Under suitable conditions on r and f, we construct a Morse decomposition of the global attractor, giving some insight into the global dynamics. The Morse sets in the decomposition are closely related to the level sets of an integer-valued Lyapunov function that counts the number of sign changes along solutions on intervals of length of the delay. This generalizes former results for constant delay. We also give two major types of state-dependent delays for which our results apply.