bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Focal-plane wavefront sensing with the vector-Apodizing Phase Plate
Authors: Bos S. P. , Doelman D. S. , Lozi J. , Guyon O. , Keller C. U. , Miller K. L. , Jovanovic N. , Martinache F. , Snik F. 
Published: October 2019

Context.One of the key limitations of the direct imaging of exoplanets at small angular separations are quasi-static speckles that originate from evolving non-common path aberrations (NCPA) in the optical train downstream of the instrument’s main wavefront sensor split-off.Aims.In this article we show that the vector-Apodizing Phase Plate (vAPP) coronagraph can be designed such that the coronagraphic point spread functions (PSFs) can act as wavefront sensors to measure and correct the (quasi-)static aberrations without dedicated wavefront sensing holograms or modulation by the deformable mirror. The absolute wavefront retrieval is performed with a non-linear algorithm.Methods.The focal-plane wavefront sensing (FPWFS) performance of the vAPP and the algorithm are evaluated via numerical simulations to test various photon and read noise levels, the sensitivity to the 100 lowest Zernike modes, and the maximum wavefront error (WFE) that can be accurately estimated in one iteration. We apply these methods to the vAPP within SCExAO, first with the internal source and subsequently on-sky.Results.In idealized simulations we show that for 107photons the root mean square (rms) WFE can be reduced to ∼λ/1000, which is 1 nm rms in the context of the SCExAO system. We find that the maximum WFE that can be corrected in one iteration is ∼λ/8 rms or ∼200 nm rms (SCExAO). Furthermore, we demonstrate the SCExAO vAPP capabilities by measuring and controlling the 30 lowest Zernike modes with the internal source and on-sky. On-sky, we report a raw contrast improvement of a factor ∼2 between 2 and 4λ/Dafter five iterations of closed-loop correction. When artificially introducing 150 nm rms WFE, the algorithm corrects it within five iterations of closed-loop operation.Conclusions.FPWFS with the vAPP coronagraphic PSFs is a powerful technique since it integrates coronagraphy and wavefront sensing, eliminating the need for additional probes and thus resulting in a 100% science duty cycle and maximum throughput for the target.
Multifrequency JVLA observations of the X-shaped radio galaxy in Abell 3670
Authors: Bruno L. , Gitti M. , Zanichelli A. , Gregorini L. 
Published: October 2019

Context.X-shaped radio galaxies (XRGs) exhibit a pair of bright primary lobes and a pair of weak secondary lobes (“wings”), which are oriented with an angle that gives the structure a cross-like shape. Though several theoretical models have been proposed to explain their origin, there is currently not a general consensus on a formation scenario.Aims.We analysed new multifrequencyKarl G. JanskyVery Large Array (JVLA) radio data at 1.5, 5.5, 6, and 9 GHz of the candidate XRG in Abell 3670 (A3670) in order to characterise and classify it for the first time and to investigate its origin.Methods.We produced flux, spectral index, and radiative age maps of A3670 by means of the new radio data. We investigated the connection between the radio galaxy and its host, a brightest cluster galaxy (BCG) with two optical nuclei classified as a dumbbell galaxy. Finally we discussed the literature models and compared them to the observed properties of A3670.Results.We classify A3670 as a Fanaroff–Riley I-type XRG and measured a 1.4 GHz radio power ofP1.4 = 1.7 × 1025W Hz−1. By estimating the radiative age of the various source components, we find that the wings are Δt ≃ 20 Myr older than the lobes. We verified that the lobes and wings are aligned with the major and minor axes of the optical galaxy, respectively, and we estimated a black hole mass ofMBH ∼ 109 M⊙, which is in agreement with the typical properties of the XRGs.Conclusions.Among the discussed scenarios, the jet-shell interaction model may best reproduce the observed properties of A3670. The gas of a stellar shell is responsible for the deflection of the jets, thus forming the wings. The presence of stellar shells in A3670 is plausible, but it needs further optical observations to be confirmed.
„Die letzte Visite“: Leichenschau im Notarztdienst
Authors: Ondruschka Benjamin , Buschmann Claas 
Published: October 2019

ZusammenfassungDie Feststellung des Todes ist eine nicht delegierbare ärztliche Aufgabe und muss mit der gleichen Souveränität beherrscht werden wie alle ärztlichen Maßnahmen, die am lebenden Patienten durchgeführt werden.
Der gynäkologische Notfall – Teil 2: gynäkologische Ursachen des unklaren Abdomens
Authors: Weißleder Anne , Egbe Anne , Beinkofer Daniela , Kulla Martin , Treffer Dominik 
Published: October 2019

ZusammenfassungDer Artikel stellt wichtige Differenzialdiagnosen des typischen Präsentationssymptoms beim gynäkologischen Notfall – das unklare Abdomen der Frau – anhand von Szenarien aus dem prä- und innerklinischen Bereich vor: extrauterine Schwangerschaft, Pelvic inflammatory Disease (PID), Ovarialtorsion, Ovarialzystenruptur und Dysmenorrhö.
Von Erfolgsfaktoren, Hindernissen und Bedarfen zu Schlüsselkomponenten der kommunalen Bewegungsförderung bei Menschen mit sozialer Benachteiligung: Bericht von einem Workshop
Authors: Kohler Simone , Semrau Jana , Janz Lukas , Helsper Natalie , Abu-Omar Karim , Pfeifer Klaus , Rütten Alfred 
Published: October 2019

ZusammenfassungZur Umsetzung der Nationalen Empfehlungen für Bewegung und Bewegungsförderung für die gesamte Bevölkerung unter Berücksichtigung von Zugangswegen zu Menschen mit sozialer Benachteiligung im kommunalen Kontext werden im Projekt KOMBINE (Kommunale Bewegungsförderung zur Implementierung der Nationalen Empfehlungen) neben wissenschaftlichen Erkenntnissen auch die politischen und praktischen Erfahrungen aus der Kommune berücksichtigt.In allen Projektphasen ist ein Aktivierungs- und Beteiligungsansatz grundlegend. Hierzu wurden bundesweit Akteure zu einem Workshop eingeladen, um gemeinsam Erfolgsfaktoren, Hindernisse und Bedarfe der kommunalen Bewegungsförderung mit Fokus auf Menschen mit sozialer Benachteiligung zu identifizieren.Durch einen moderierten Austausch zwischen 60 Workshop-Teilnehmern aus elf Bundesländern konnten neun Schlüsselkomponenten kommunaler Bewegungsförderung ermittelt werden. Die Berücksichtigung dieser Schlüsselkomponenten wird als eine wesentliche Voraussetzung für den erfolgreichen und nachhaltigen Aufbau kommunaler Strukturen der Bewegungsförderung gesehen.Es ist gelungen, mithilfe eines Aktivierungs- und Beteiligungsansatzes die Expertisen von kommunalen, politischen und wissenschaftlichen Akteuren einzubinden, um relevante Schlüsselkomponenten der kommunalen Bewegungsförderung abzuleiten. Diese bilden die Grundlage für die Entwicklung eines Handlungsmodells der kommunalen Bewegungsförderung, welches in einem nächsten Schritt kontextspezifisch in Modellkommunen erprobt wird.
Erbringung von Laborleistungen
Authors: Penner Andreas 
Published: October 2019

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGLabordiagnostik ist für die Rheumatologie unerlässlich in medizinischer Hinsicht und für die ambulante Versorgung als Eigenlabor durch die Rheumatologen auch wirtschaftlich. Folglich haben die insbesondere in der ambulanten Versorgung anhaltenden Veränderungen der Laborvergütungen Auswirkungen auf die Rahmenbedingungen für eine qualitativ hochwertige Versorgung. Diese Änderungen der Rahmenbedingungen, die in jüngerer Zeit erfolgten und in den nächsten Jahren vermutlich zu erwarten sind, werden nachstehend beleuchtet.
Der Einfluss des Bundessozialgerichtes auf die Organisation der Leistungserbringung am Beispiel des OPS 8–983 und des Off-Label-Use
Authors: Bohmeier André , Koopmann-Röckendorf Tanja 
Published: October 2019

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGDas Bundessozialgericht stellt mit seinen Entscheidungen regelmäßig detaillierte Vorgaben zu den Mindestmerkmalen oder sonstigen Voraussetzungen zur Zulässigkeit der Kodierung von Diagnosen- oder Prozedurenschlüssel oder zulässigen Anwendung von Arzneimitteln im Off-Label-Use auf. Die Nichtbeachtung dieser Voraussetzung führt regelmäßig zum Ausschluss der kompletten Vergütung für den Behandlungsfall. Daneben drohen Rückforderungen der Krankenkassen bereits gezahlter Vergütungen bis zur Verjährungsgrenze von 2 bzw. 4 Jahren in die Vergangenheit. Die zügige Umsetzung der durch die Rechtsprechung aufgestellten Vorgaben ist daher essenziell für die Erlössicherung.
Infektionen unter der Behandlung mit Biologika: Erfahrung der Juvenile Inflammatory Rheumatism cohort (JIR-Kohorte)
Authors: Hofer Michaël , Belot Alexandre , Hofer François , Hentgen Véronique 
Published: October 2019

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGDie Juvenile Inflammatory Rheumatism (JIR) Kohorte ist eine internationale, multizentrische Beobachtungsstudie, deren Daten webbasiert erfasst werden. Sie ist modular aufgebaut und kann als elektronische Patientenakte sowie für wissenschaftliche Untersuchungen genutzt werden. Primär wurde die JIR-Kohorte auf den Weg gebracht, um mehr Informationen zur Sicherheit und Wirksamkeit von krankheitsmodifizierenden antirheumatischen Medikamenten (DMARDs) bei Kindern und Jugendlichen mit entzündlichen rheumatischen Erkrankungen zu gewinnen. Die erste Analyse zur Sicherheit von biologischen DMARDs bei 813 Patienten mit entzündlich rheumatischen Erkrankungen wies keine neuen Sicherheitssignale nach. Die weitere Überwachung von Patienten mit langfristiger Arzneimittelexposition bereits ab dem Kindes- und Jugendalter ist notwendig, um zuverlässige Daten über die Langzeitsicherheit und -wirksamkeit von DMARDs bei juvenilen rheumatischen Erkrankungen zu erhalten. Darüber hinaus wird die JIR-Kohorte für weitere Forschungsfragen eingesetzt, z. B. zur Untersuchung der Verträglichkeit von Impfungen bei immunsupprimierten Kindern oder zur Charakterisierung spezieller Krankheitsmanifestationen, wie einer Uveitis.
Morphological and Histological Study of an ‘Iliac Venous Ladder’ Associated with Very Short Common Iliac Arteries
Authors: Nayak Satheesha B. , Surendran Sudarshan , Nelluri Venu Madhav , Shetty Prakashchandra 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Introduction Communications between iliac veins in the pelvis are reported to be rare occurrences, which are mostly due to developmental abnormalities. The common iliac vein is formed by the joining of the internal and external iliac veins. Here, we present a detailed morphological and histological study of a rare communication found between the internal and external iliac veins, which would prove to be of substantial value to the knowledge of vessels in the pelvis, both for clinicians and surgeons.
Materials and Methods In the present study, we came across a rare communication in the form of a ladder, between the left internal and external iliac veins in a 70-year-old male cadaver. There were two communications (named upper and lower communications) between the external and internal iliac veins, before they joined to form the common iliac vein. On naked eye observation, the lumen of the right common iliac vein appeared to be wider than on the left side. The lengths of these communications and the distance between each of their attachments have been measured and tabulated. The walls of these veins, their microscopic sections and their communication involved in the case were taken. The possible causes for these variations were congenital, owing to the complicated nature of the developmental process involved in the formation of the inferior vena cava and the venous system of the lower limb.
Results The structure of all the veins involved in this case and the communications were seen to be normal. The thickness of these walls were measured and tabulated for uniformity around the circumference of the wall of these veins. All the measurements from the structural variations and from the histological observations are tabulated in our results.
Conclusion The complicated development sequence of these veins could have possibly led to the persistence of these communications. Such a developmental variation does not seem to pose any threat until unless encountered under clinical or surgical interventions, as the histological structure of the walls of the communications as well as the major channels connected appeared to be normal and well-developed. The detailed morphological and histological features of these structures involved in the variation along with the possible complications have been presented in the present report. Knowledge of these variations and complications due to injury plays a key role in a clinical setup.
Improving the Effectiveness of Health Information Technology: The Case for Situational Analytics
Authors: Novak Laurie Lovett , Anders Shilo , Unertl Kim M. , France Daniel J. , Weinger Matthew B. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractHealth information technology has contributed to improvements in quality and safety in clinical settings. However, the implementation of new technologies in health care has also been associated with the introduction of new sociotechnical hazards, produced through a range of complex interactions that vary with social, physical, temporal, and technological context. Other industries have been confronted with this problem and have developed advanced analytics to examine context-specific activities of workers and related outcomes. The skills and data exist in health care to develop similar insights through situational analytics, defined as the application of analytic methods to characterize human activity in situations and identify patterns in activity and outcomes that are influenced by contextual factors. This article describes the approach of situational analytics and potentially useful data sources, including trace data from electronic health record activity, reports from users, qualitative field data, and locational data. Key implementation requirements are discussed, including the need for collaboration among qualitative researchers and data scientists, organizational and federal level infrastructure requirements, and the need to implement a parallel research program in ethics to understand how the data are being used by organizations and policy makers.
Huge Retroperitoneal Dermoid: A Presentation
Authors: Huda Tanweerul , Singh Mahendra Pratap 
Published: October 2019

AbstractTeratoma can be defined as a true neoplasm that contains tissues that either are foreign to the primary site of origin or are histologically diverse and represent more than one of the embryonic germ layers. A 20-year-old female patient presented with chief complaints of swelling in the right upper abdomen since childhood and back pain for the past 4 years. Per abdomen, examination revealed a lump of around 15 cm in size in the right hypochondrial region extending to the epigastric region. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography abdomen revealed a 14.3 × 14.1 × 17.4 cm well-defined heterogeneously hypoattenuating nonenhancing complex cystic mass with focal areas of calcifications and fat attenuation in retroperitoneum. The patient was taken up for exploratory laparotomy and a tumor was found in the retroperitoneum, retrocavally and was excised with due care. Histopathological examination features were suggestive of mature cystic teratoma. The postoperative stay was uneventful.
Sociodemographic, Rationale Drug Use of Antiepileptic Drugs among Pediatric Patients with Epilepsy: A Prospective Study at a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Dwajani S. , Adarsh E. , Nirmala K. S. , Sahajananda H. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background  Drug utilization studies are important and considered as a potential tool for the evaluation of health care systems. The goal of drug utilization research studies should be to assess whether drug therapy is rational or not.
Objective  The main aim of this article is to analyze the different types of epilepsy and their drug utilization pattern in children with epilepsy at the Department of Pediatrics and evaluate the extent of older and newer antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), either as monotherapy or polytherapy in pediatric age groups.
Materials and Methods  To look into the sociodemographic profile of children with epilepsy, the type of epilepsy was diagnosed along with drug utilization pattern in children attending both outpatient and inpatient department of pediatrics. Demographic details were collected according to modified Kuppuswamy scale. Disease characteristics such as type of epilepsy, onset, duration, time since last attack, family history, comorbid conditions, monotherapy/polytherapy, dose, and duration of treatment were noted. Investigations such as electroencephalography, magnetic resonance imaging, and computed tomographic scan if any were recorded.
Results  In this pilot study, we have 100 patients, younger than 18 years, with confirmed cases of epilepsy, receiving AEDs either monotherapy or polytherapy. Male predominance was 56%, and 60% were from rural areas and 40% were from urban areas. As per the modified Kuppuswamy scale, we analyzed socioeconomic class of these 100 patients and found that 40% belong to lower-middle-class family. Nearly 51% were diagnosed with generalized tonic clonic seizures, 30% were with febrile seizures, while focal, partial, absence, and myoclonic seizures, and hot water epilepsy were less in percentage. Almost 83% received monotherapy, while only 17% received polytherapy. Among monotherapy, 51.80% received older AEDs and 48.20% received newer drugs.
Conclusion  Although epilepsy can be controlled and managed effectively with older AEDs, an experience in management with newer AEDs is required to offer an additional advantage to patients to have better safety profile.
High Prevalence of Asymptomatic Anterior Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome in Toddy Tappers of South India: A Case Series of 21 Participants
Authors: Panwar Ajay , Madhavarao Veeramalla , Mohammed Owais , Valupadas Chandrasekhar 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background  Anterior tarsal tunnel syndrome (ATTS) is an uncommon entrapment neuropathy which occurs due to the compression of deep peroneal nerve under the inferior extensor retinaculum at the ankle. We observed a frequent occurrence of this syndrome in toddy palm tappers and hence, planned to study the association between the two.
Materials and Methods  We studied the prevalence of isolated deep peroneal neuropathy at the ankle among the asymptomatic toddy tappers enrolled over a period of 3 months.
Results  In our case series, 81% (17/21) of the study participants had ATTS of which 43% (9/21) had unilateral and 38% (8/21) had bilateral involvement. There was a strong inverse association (p < 0.001) of “duration of toddy tapping in years” with peroneal (extensor digitorum brevis) amplitudes on both the sides.
Conclusion  Our study confirms “palm tree climbing” to be an occupational etiology of ATTS.
Rethinking handshape
Authors: Wehrmeyer Ella 
Published: October 2019

AbstractConcerted attention in sign language linguistics has focused on finding ways to document signs. Until now, most notation systems rely on a complex plethora of symbols and are under-specific, to the extent that visual images are still the most widely accepted way of recording primary data. This paper presents a novel phonetic notation of handshape in a step towards deriving an International Phonetic Alphabet for sign languages, based on digit shape (configuration) and position in terms of reference coordinates, aiming at both readability and precision. It is sufficiently hybrid to allow for both accurate measurements and estimates of digit positions, thereby affording a way of representing handshapes suitable for lexicography, studying phonetic variation and avatar programming. Originally tailored to describe handshapes in South African Sign Language, it can also notate gestures. After discussing transcription methods and hand physiology, digit configurations are defined in terms of joint angles. Variations in configuration positions are then specified in terms of Cartesian reference coordinates.
Energetic cost of quantum control protocols
Authors: Abah Obinna , Puebla Ricardo , Kiely Anthony , De Chiara Gabriele , Paternostro Mauro , Campbell Steve 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
We quantitatively assess the energetic cost of several well-known control protocols that achieve a finite time adiabatic dynamics, namely counterdiabatic and local counterdiabatic driving, optimal control, and inverse engineering. By employing a cost measure based on the norm of the total driving Hamiltonian, we show that a hierarchy of costs emerges that is dependent on the protocol duration. As case studies we explore the Landau–Zener model, the quantum harmonic oscillator, and the Jaynes–Cummings model and establish that qualitatively similar results hold in all cases. For the analytically tractable Landau–Zener case, we further relate the effectiveness of a control protocol with the spectral features of the new driving Hamiltonians and show that in the case of counterdiabatic driving, it is possible to further minimize the cost by optimizing the ramp.
The BAO+BBN take on the Hubble tension
Authors: Schöneberg Nils , Lesgourgues Julien , Hooper Deanna C. 
Published: October 2019

Many attempts to solve the Hubble tension with extended cosmological models combine an enhanced relic radiation density, acting at the level of background cosmology, with new physical ingredients affecting the evolution of cosmological perturbations. Several authors have pointed out the ability of combined Baryon Acoustic Oscillation (BAO) and Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN) data to probe the background cosmological history independently of both CMB maps and supernovae data. Using state-of-the-art assumptions on BBN, we confirm that combined BAO, deuterium, and helium data are in tension with the SH0ES measurements under the ΛCDM assumption at the 3.2σ level, while being in close agreement with the CMB value. We subsequently show that floating the radiation density parameterNeff only reduces the tension down to the 2.6σ level. This conclusion, totally independent of any CMB data, shows that a highNeffaccounting for extra relics (either free-streaming or self-interacting) does not provide an obvious solution to the crisis, not even at the level of background cosmology. To circumvent this strong bound, (i) the extra radiation has to be generated after BBN to avoid helium bounds, and (ii) additional ingredients have to be invoked at the level of perturbations to reconcile this extra radiation with CMB and LSS data.
A versatile robotic platform for the design of natural, three-dimensional reaching and grasping tasks in monkeys
Authors: Barra B , Badi M , Perich M G , Conti S , Mirrazavi Salehian S S , Moreillon F , Bogaard A , Wurth S , Kaeser M , Passeraub P , Milekovic T , Billard A , Micera S , Capogrosso M 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Objective. Translational studies on motor control and neurological disorders require detailed monitoring of sensorimotor components of natural limb movements in relevant animal models. However, available experimental tools do not provide a sufficiently rich repertoire of behavioral signals. Here, we developed a robotic platform that enables the monitoring of kinematics, interaction forces, and neurophysiological signals during user-defined upper limb tasks for monkeys. Approach. We configured the platform to position instrumented objects in a three-dimensional workspace and provide an interactive dynamic force-field. Main results. We show the relevance of our platform for fundamental and translational studies with three example applications. First, we study the kinematics of natural grasp in response to variable interaction forces. We then show simultaneous and independent encoding of kinematic and forces in single unit intra-cortical recordings from sensorimotor cortical areas. Lastly, we demonstrate the relevance of our platform to develop clinically relevant brain computer interfaces in a kinematically unconstrained motor task. Significance. Our versatile control structure does not depend on the specific robotic arm used and allows for the design and implementation of a variety of tasks that can support both fundamental and translational studies of motor control.