bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Successful immunotherapy with ipilimumab and nivolumab in a patient with pulmonary sclerosing pneumocytoma
Authors: Inukai-Motokura Yumi , Ninomiya Kiichiro , Baba Takahiro , Omori Hiroki , Takeguchi Tetsuya , Uno Mari , Ayada Yoshiyuki , Tanaka Takehiro , Maeda Yoshinobu , Ohashi Kadoaki 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPulmonary sclerosing pneumocytoma (PSP) is a rare form of lung cancer that occasionally presents with lymph node and extrapulmonary metastases, and multiple lesions. The treatment of metastatic PSP remains undefined. This study reports the case of a 48-year-old female patient diagnosed with PSP following surgical intervention for a solitary nodule in the left lower lobe. Four years later, recurrence occurred in the left hilar and mediastinal lymph nodes, necessitating an additional resection. Concurrently, sacral metastases developed and required palliative radiotherapy. Genetic analysis identified an AKT1 E17K mutation, characteristic of PSP, and absence of programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression in the tumor. Two years post-recurrence, the tumor recurred in the left mammary gland and mediastinal lymph nodes. Combination immunotherapy with ipilimumab and nivolumab yielded a significantly positive response in this metastatic PSP case. This is the first reported case of successful treatment of multiple distant metastatic PSP with ipilimumab and nivolumab, following the failure of various local treatments. Further case series are warranted to validate the efficacy of immunotherapy in metastatic PSP.
Gut microbiota and epigenetic age acceleration: a bi-directional Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Xu Han , Li Ouyang , Kim Dayoung , Bao Zhijun , Yang Fan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
The gut microbiota is closely related to aging, but the genetic relationship between gut microbiota and aging has not been well investigated. The aim of the study was to explore the association of microbiota with epigenetic age acceleration (EAA) using the Mendelian randomization.

Method
The independent genetic instruments of gut microbiota were obtained from MiBioGen consortium and the Dutch Microbiome Project. EAA data were derived from genome-wide association study. To assess the causal relationship between gut microbiota and EAA, we applied four different methods of Mendelian Randomization (MR) analysis: the inverse variance weighted method (IVW), the MR-Egger regression, the weighted median analysis (WMA), and the weighted mode. Furthermore, sensitivity analyses were conducted to evaluate heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy.

Results
We identified potential causal associations between 12 bacterial taxa and EAA (PIVW and PWMA < 0.05). Among them, species Holdemania_unclassified (OR: 1.31, 95% CI: 1.13–1.52, P = 0.0004) retained a strong positive association with GrimAge acceleration. Family Acidaminococcaceae (OR: 0.64, 95% CI: 0.44–0.93, P = 0.019) and family Clostridiaceae1 (OR: 0.69, 95% CI: 0.49–0.97 P = 0.031) were negative association with GrimAge acceleration. Reverse MR analyses indicated that EAA was associated with 6 bacterial taxa in IVW and WMA. Among them, a strong inverse association was found between Phenoage acceleration and genus Turicibacter (OR: 0.928, 95%CI: 0.888–0.971, PIVW and PWMA < 0.001).

Conclusion
Our study implicates the potential causal effects of specific microbiota on EAA, potentially providing novel insights into the prevention aging through specific gut microbiota.
Implizite pädagogische Konzepte in Angeboten der Bildung für nachhaltige Entwicklung für zugewanderte Erwachsene
Authors: Pusch Barbara 
Published: November 2024

Zusammenfassung
Bildung für nachhaltige Entwicklung (BNE) richtet sich heute mit vielfältigen Projekten und Bildungsangeboten an unterschiedliche Zielgruppen; seit 2015 werden auch zugewanderte Erwachsene verstärkt adressiert. Der Beitrag setzt an diesem Punkt an und untersucht die BNE-Verständnisse und pädagogischen Ansatzpunkte ausgewählter BNE-Angebote. Dazu wurden mit der Dokumentarischen Diskursinterpretation BNE-relevante Kapitel von fünf Orientierungskursbüchern sowie öffentlich zugängliche Informationen wie Webseiten, Videos, Flyer, Presseinterviews, Projektzusammenfassungen und Handreichungen von zehn BNE-Angeboten ausgewertet. Aus den untersuchten Materialien konnten fünf Diskursstränge rekonstruiert werden, die in diesem Beitrag anhand von fünf Bildungsangeboten, die diese Diskurse repräsentieren, dargestellt werden. Mit Blick auf die verfolgten pädagogischen Konzepte zeigen die Rekonstruktionen, dass die untersuchten BNE-Angebote vor allem ältere pädagogische Ansätze aufgreifen, wodurch neuere Perspektiven auf Bildung und Erziehung in der Migrationsgesellschaft in diesen Bildungsangeboten weitgehend unberücksichtigt bleiben. Auch die BNE-Verständnisse, die den untersuchten BNE-Angeboten zugrunde liegen, divergieren stark und reichen von Umweltverständnissen, die sich auf Mülltrennung und Sauberhaltung der unmittelbaren Umwelt beschränken, bis hin zu umfassenden Auseinandersetzungen mit Nachhaltigkeit, die einem BNE-Verständnis gerecht werden, das auf ergebnisoffene Reflexions‑, Lern- und Bildungsprozesse abzielt und BNE als facettenreiches, mehrdimensionales Lernfeld versteht.
Investigation of continuous fiberglass reinforcement on additively manufactured primitive scaffolds
Authors: Polte Julian , Uhlmann Eckart , Del Conte Erik Gustavo , Marcello Arthur Ferreira , Heusler Franziska , de Sousa Rogerio Ramos , de Oliveira Amanda Rossi 
Published: November 2024

AbstractFused Filament Fabrication is an Additive Manufacturing technology that allows continuous fiber reinforcement to be incorporated into printed parts during manufacturing. Materials like short carbon fiber reinforced Polyamide 6 serve as matrix material between the continuous fibers, resulting in a superposition of continuous and short fiber reinforcement. This facilitates the production of lightweight components with high rigidity and strength. Furthermore, Additive Manufacturing enables the integration of complex geometries like Triply Periodic Minimal Surface structures. The combination of these structures with a strategic fiber reinforcement offers the potential for substantial improvement in mechanical properties. This study presents a strategy for optimized integration of continuous fiberglass into Fused Filament Fabrication-printed primitive Triply Periodic Minimal Surface. The objective was to achieve a maximum enhancement in mechanical properties and optimal manufacturability. Finite Element Simulations indicated that the necks of the structures were regions experiencing significant stress concentration, which was addressed with the strategical positioning of continuous fiber along these areas. Morphological and thermal analyses were conducted to determine optimal printing conditions for processing the feedstock materials. The printed structures were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and the effectiveness of the fiber reinforcement was demonstrated by compression tests. The strategic placement of the continuous fiberglass resulted in an increase in maximum strength of Δσmax = 185% and in Young’s modulus of ΔE = 95%. Furthermore, an increase in absorbed energy capacity of ΔW = 123% and in crushing strength of Δσc = 94% at the first peak were measured. The results show the considerable potential of selective continuous fiberglass integration into Triply Periodic Minimal Surface structures. The substantial improvement of the mechanical properties suggests that material can be reduced and thereby enable the production of significantly lighter and more sustainable components.
Exploring the Psychometric Properties of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC)
Authors: Minnett Katie , Stephenson Zoe 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The aim of this paper was to critically evaluate the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC). The CD-RISC is a brief, self-report instrument consisting of 25 items on a 5-point Likert scale which ranges from zero to four with higher scores reflecting greater resilience. A five-factor scale is used to conceptualise resilience with eight items on personal competence, high standards, and tenacity; seven items on trust in one’s instinct, tolerance of negative effects, and strengthening effects of stress; five items on positive acceptance of change and secure relationships; three items on control; and two items on spiritual influences. The CD-RISC has been used across a range of contexts and populations and has been translated into many languages. The CD-RISC has been critically evaluated as a part of wider reviews and has been critiqued within individual studies which have utilised the measure; however, there has not yet been a specific, critical evaluation of the scale which provides a comprehensive picture of the measure by drawing such research together. Given how widely the measure is used across both clinical and non-clinical populations, it is felt necessary to provide clinicians and researchers with an evaluation of the measure in terms of its reliability and validity. Such information is essential when drawing conclusions from scores on the measure. As such, this article will present and discuss the strengths and limitations of the CD-RISC with reference to its psychometric properties. In addition, the implications of the findings of the review will be discussed with reference to its use in current practice and research.
Perceived values of luxury fashion brands—evidence from Indonesian Millennials
Authors: Sun Yan , Wang Rachel , Bai Huifeng , Whyatt Georgina , Ohandi Tesalia Tamara 
Published: December 2024

AbstractConsumers in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) countries represent rapid growth, and they are anticipated to become next wave of important markets for luxury fashion sector. This empirical study aims to examine millennials’ perceptions towards luxury fashion brand values and how these influence their purchase intentions in Indonesia, the biggest market in the ASEAN. Through quantitative research, the primary data was collected from 301 self-completed online questionnaires. It is revealed that Indonesian millennials regard the consumption of luxury fashion brands as an investment. Meanwhile, ethical and sustainability issues have become increasingly important in consumers’ decisions to purchase luxury fashion brands. Based upon the value-based segmentation of luxury consumption, the present study recognizes that Indonesian millennials prioritize symbolic and financial values and seek conspicuousness in line with self-identity.
Democratizing value alignment: from authoritarian to democratic AI ethics
Authors: Huang Linus Ta-Lun , Papyshev Gleb , Wong James K. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Value alignment is essential for ensuring that AI systems act in ways that are consistent with human values. Existing approaches, such as reinforcement learning with human feedback and constitutional AI, however, exhibit power asymmetries and lack transparency. These “authoritarian” approaches fail to adequately accommodate a broad array of human opinions, raising concerns about whose values are being prioritized. In response, we introduce the Dynamic Value Alignment approach, theoretically grounded in the principles of parallel constraint satisfaction, which models moral reasoning as a dynamic process that balances multiple value principles. Our approach also enhances users’ moral and epistemic agency by granting users greater control over the values that influence AI behavior. As a more user-centric, transparent, and participatory framework for AI ethics, our approach not only addresses the democratic deficits inherent in current practices but also ensures that AI systems are flexibly aligned with a diverse array of human values.
Hall effect thruster impedance characterization in ground-based vacuum test facilities
Authors: Jovel David R. , Cabrera Janice D. , Walker Mitchell L. R. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractHall effect thrusters (HETs) are typically regarded as DC electric propulsion devices as they are operated with isolated DC power supplies. However, it is well known that the HET’s discharge current possesses oscillations of varying magnitudes and frequencies and is thus a function of time with AC characteristics. The observed oscillations are caused by plasma processes associated with ion, electron, and neutral particle dynamics that occur inside the HET’s discharge channel and in the plume as the HET electrically interacts with its local operating environment. The extent to which plasma oscillations impact HET discharge dynamics is difficult to quantify due to the complexity of analyzing AC signals, given that the HET is a nonlinear, time-variant electrical load. In this work, we overcome the challenge of nonlinearity and time-variance of HETs by conducting a small-signal impedance analysis to characterize the effective resistance and reactance of the HET discharge with a novel and versatile impedance measurement diagnostic. The impedance magnitude and phase of a 7-kW class HET were measured from 100 Hz to 300 kHz with an excitation signal of ± 2 Vpk for two discharge operating conditions on krypton: 4.5 kW, 15 A and 6 kW, 20 A. The results were used to quantify resistive, capacitive, and inducive characteristics present within the HET discharge signature. For the 4.5 kW, 15 A thruster operating condition, the breathing mode capacitance was estimated to be 12.6 µF with an inductance of 15.3 µH. Furthermore, the impedance characteristics of the breathing mode are within ± 2.4 kHz of the power spectral density plots independently generated by time-resolved oscilloscope traces indicating good agreement in the frequency domain. Thus, the impedance measurement tool is a new diagnostic for characterizing the impedance and associated AC characteristics of HETs.
Microbial diversity and cover plants in de-sealed urban soil as strategies for mitigating anthropogenic volatile organic compounds
Authors: Cucu Maria Alexandra , Neri Luisa , Sillo Fabiano , Zampieri Elisa , Calvo Alice , Giovannini Luca , De Benedictis Cinzia , Zaldei Alessandro , Gioli Beniamino , Baraldi Rita , Balestrini Raffaella 
Published: December 2024

AbstractUrbanization exacerbates soil degradation, compromising global soil health and biodiversity. To reduce this, strategies for soil de-sealing and bioremediation are necessary. In a mesocosm experiment using a de-sealed soil from an urban site as substrate, an inoculum of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and two cover plants, Cynara cardunculus L. and Trifolium repens L., were utilized to assess their effects on volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions and soil microbial community dynamics. The soil status was investigated employing soil VOC and metabarcoding analyses. Our results showed that the soil VOC emission was mainly composed by anthropogenic derived VOCs, especially arene and furan classes. These two classes were shown to be less concentrated in C. cardunculus soils, with and without AM fungal inoculation, suggesting a positive impact of these conditions on soil health restoration. Additionally, AM fungal inoculation of C. cardunculus resulted in increased bacterial alpha diversity, with enhanced Proteobacteria/Acidobacteria, Cyanobacteria/Chloroflexi, and Fungi/Bacteria ratios, suggesting an improvement in soil quality conditions. In our experimental conditions, order Chloroflexales and specific bacterial genera, including Ralstonia, Delftia, Ramlibacter, were identified as contributors to VOC degradation, highlighting their adaptability in contaminated environments. Overall, this study provided evidence on the importance of integrating AM fungal inoculation and specific flowerbed/ornamental plants in urban soil management after de-sealing processes.
Ethics and the Environment
Authors: Jamieson Dale 
Published: November 2024

This new edition of a widely used and cited introduction to ethics and the environment offers a broad and lively discussion of nature's future, focusing on climate change, conservation, and justice for both our contemporaries and future generations. It discusses the nature of environmental problems and their relationship to economics, religion, technology, and aesthetics. It includes incisive discussions of our moral relations with other animals, and of how animals are used in our food systems. It also provides a deep discussion of the value of nature, which takes up ecofeminist and deep ecology views as well as sentientism and biocentrism. It discusses the plurality of values, and applies this analysis to some conflicts from the author's home state of California. The volume is comprehensively revised and updated, with several new chapters, and concludes with a compelling discussion of the question “How should I live?” in this new epoch of the Anthropocene.
Usage-centered, efficient, and sustainable: an IoT-driven transformation of water heaters
Authors: Chaudhry Hassan Habib , Raja Ramish Majeed , Zahid Muhammad Azmeer , Zaffar Nauman , Alizai Muhammad Hamad , Bhatti Naveed Anwar 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In developing countries, a significant amount of natural gas is used for household water heating, accounting for roughly 50% of total usage. Legacy systems, typified by large water heaters, operate inefficiently by continuously maintaining a large volume of water at a constant temperature, irrespective of demand. With dwindling domestic gas reserves and rising demand, this increases dependence on expensive energy imports.
We introduce a novel Internet of Things (IoT)-inspired solution to understand and predict water usage patterns and only activate the water heater when there’s a predicted demand. This retrofit system is maintenance-free and uses a rechargeable battery powered by a thermoelectric generator (TEG), which capitalizes on the temperature difference between the heater and its environment for electricity. Our study shows a notable 70% reduction in natural gas consumption compared to traditional systems. Our solution offers a sustainable and efficient method for water heating, addressing the challenges of depleting gas reserves and rising energy costs.
Hegel’s Family and the Problem of Modern Patriarchy
Authors: Rustighi Lorenzo 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This paper addresses the problem of patriarchy in Hegel’s Philosophy of Right by focusing on his conceptualization of family life. The question is not whether the social order envisaged by Hegel is patriarchal or not: his account of the domestic relations between the sexes, in the first place, leaves no doubt about the fact that what he has in mind is a society ruled by men at all levels, while women have no access to public life broadly conceived (from the labour market to corporations and political affairs). The point is rather to ask what kind of patriarchal order this is. Through an analysis of Hegel’s joint criticism of both the social contract and the marriage contract, I intend to show how a specifically modern form of patriarchal rule, understood as pure masculine domination, has emerged as the product of the contractualist interpretation of social relationships. Hegel helps us indeed acknowledge that a peculiar kind of dominion, one that systematically places the structure of arbitrariness at the heart of politics, is inscribed in the rationale of contractualism in so far as it has progressively become the theoretical basis of legitimate authority in modern European states. Patriarchy, in this context, surfaces as the negation of traditional patriarchal rule: it consists in the formalistic and thus arbitrary absolutization of a masculine order that is no longer articulated in society’s constitutional arrangement but is ideologically subsumed from an unproblematized social experience. Hegel’s patriarchal order, on the contrary, remains a strictly political-constitutional feature of the organization of ethical life. Although his views in this regard are both despicable and unviable for us, then, his speculative contribution concerning the conceptual framework of social domination can help us better frame modern and contemporary forms of patriarchy.
First-passage time for Sinai’s random walk in a random environment
Authors: Hong Wenming , Sun Mingyang 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We investigate the tail behavior of the first-passage time for Sinai’s random walk in a random environment. Our method relies on the connection between Sinai’s walk and branching processes with immigration in a random environment, and the analysis on some important quantities of these branching processes such as extinction time, maximum population, and total population.
The People’s Court: Dissonant Institutionalization and Judicial Populism in Pakistan
Authors: Kureshi Yasser 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
What is a populist judge, and when do judges embrace populism? Populist judges bypass legal and procedural constraints, seek an unmediated relationship with the public, and claim to represent the public better than political elites. Judicial populism can emerge in response to institutionalized dissonance in the political system. Dissonant institutionalization facilitates contestation between state institutions and can undermine the legitimacy of political institutions. This legitimacy crisis can imbue judges with a belief in their role as representatives of the public interest. In Pakistan, the dissonance caused by unresolved differences between the civil-military bureaucracy and the elected political leadership—differences that were embedded into the constitutional framework, facilitated the rise of judicial populism. I outline the key features of judicial populism and study the dynamics surrounding the rapid expansion of populist jurisprudence between 2005 and 2019 in Pakistan, with a focus on public interest litigation that became the cornerstone of the judiciary’s populist turn. Through case analysis, archival research, and semi-structured interviews, I discuss features of the populist approach to jurisprudence and trace how dissonance within Pakistan’s political system created new opportunities for the judiciary and changed judicial role conceptions within the legal and judicial community.
Assessing the conservation status of and challenges facing Asiatic black bears and Malayan sun bears in Bangladesh
Authors: Akash Muntasir , Debbarma Haris , Ahmed Sultan , Chowdhury Amarta Galib , Zakir Tania , Sarafat Khondokar Newaz M.D. , Sharma Sandeep 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
South of 25°N, the rugged, riparian, mixed evergreen forests of eastern Bangladesh mark the western edge of the ranges of the globally Vulnerable Asiatic black bear Ursus thibetanus and sun bear Helarctos malayanus. According to the IUCN Red List, the distribution of bears in Bangladesh is unclear: black bears are described as ‘scattered’ and ‘likely to be very low in number’ and sun bears as ‘vagrants’ entering from the adjoining north-east Indian forests. These statements are not based on any population or habitat assessments, impeding focused research and conservation investment. We compiled recent evidence of bear presence in Bangladesh based on camera trapping, literature reviews and analysis of media reports. From peer-reviewed and grey literature published during 2010–2022 we traced 43 verifiable accounts of black bears in the country. Our camera-trap survey in Rajkandi Reserve Forest produced the first ever evidence of a small population of black bears in north-eastern Bangladesh. Two field studies (in 2016 and 2021) reported camera-trap observations and multiple incidents of poaching of sun bears in Kassalong Reserve Forest and Sangu-Matamuhuri Reserve Forest in south-eastern Bangladesh. Media reports on conflict incidents presented 83 human casualties (80 injured, three dead) and 13 bear casualties (six dead, seven rescued) during 2003–2023. The incidents peaked in the summer (17); 79% were reported during 2018–2023. Cognizant of the fact that the absence of evidence is not evidence of absence, our study calls for systematic conservation measures for both of these bear species in unprotected hill forests in eastern Bangladesh.