bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SERUM PROLACTINE LEVEL IN PATIENTS OF PSORIASIS VULGARIS AND ITS CORRELATION WITH DISEASE SEVERITY: A CASE-CONTROL STUDY
Authors: Saini Pawan Kumar , Yadav Devendra , Badyal Rozy , Jain Suresh , Singh Arti , Vijay Mamta 
Published: June 2019

Background: Psoriasis is an autoimmune chronic inflammatory disorder affecting the skin mediated by T-lymphocytes resulting in production of cytokines which cause hyperproliferation of keratinocytes. Several factors and hormones like Prolactin have an action similar to these cytokines in promoting the multiplication of keratinocytes and other cells like lymphocytes and epithelial cells may have a role on the etiopathogenesis of psoriasis.
Aim:-The aim of study is to compare the serum Prolactin levels in patients of psoriasis with a control group.
Setting and study design: This is a case-control study conducted in the department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy GMC, Kota over a period of 1year from July 2017 to June 2018
Material and method: The study included 100 cases of psoriasis (60 males and 40 females) and 100 controls similar for age and sex. Serum Prolactin levels were measured by ECLIA and results were obtained.
Statistical analysis: Mean and standard deviation were calculated for each variable. Statistical significance of the results was analyzed using correlation analysis (Pearson correlation coefficient) and independent samples t-test.
Statistical significance was assumed at p value<0.05.
Result: Serum Prolactin level was significantly higher in cases of psoriasis compared to controls (p-value <0.001). PASI score and serum Prolactin levels were found to have a positive correlation (r value = 0.337; p-value: 0.001). No significant correlation was found between serum levels of Prolactin and duration of disease r value= -0.034, P value =0.733). Serum Prolactin level was higher in male patients compared to females patients.
Conclusion:- High serum Prolactin may be a biological marker of disease severity in psoriasis and may have a role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. Further studies with large sample size are required to confirm this hypothesis.
STUDY OF SERUM LIPID PROFILE LEVEL IN CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE PATIENTS
Authors: Patel Shesharam , Patel Kanaram 
Published: June 2019

Background: Adverse lipid profile has been recognized as an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease (CAD).
Materials and Methods: 100 subjects aged between 35 to 65 years, comprising of 50 normal control and 50 patients suffering from CAD were studied.
Result: The mean total cholesterol level was found to be 174.2±21.05 mg/dl with a range of 150-200 mg/dl present in normal subjects and mean concentration of cholesterol level was increased to 254.23±45.70 mg/dl in CAD patients. The mean Triglyceride level was found to be 117.58±44.16 mg/dl with a range of 75-150 mg/dl present in normal subjects and mean concentration of Triglyceride level was increased to 184.24±42.02 mg/dl in CAD patients.
Conclusion: This cross sectional study showed that high serum cholesterol, LDL, triglyceride and low HDL cholesterol were clinically significant in all the age groups.
Keywords: Coronary artery disease (CAD), Cholesterol, Triglyceride, LDL, HDL.
ANALYSIS OF CERVICAL PAP SMEARS AS PER BETHESDA SYSTEM IN A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE.
Authors: Ajmera Dr. Arpita , Kucheria Dr. Mohini , Kathed Dr. Vivek , Farooque Dr. Taiba , Sharma Dr. Nidhi , Chourasia Dr. Sushma 
Published: June 2019

Background: The value of exfoliative cervical cytology is undisputed today. Most studies focus on the application of pap smears to detect precancerous and cancerous lesions but pap smears are also significant in detecting inflammatory lesions and etiology wherever possible which can help the clinician in the management and prevent further dysplasias.
Aim & Objectives: To find out the prevalence of various non-neoplastic and neoplastic lesions of cervix as per the Bethesda system 2014 and to find out the etiology of inflammation wherever possible.
Methodology: This study was conducted over a period of one year from January 2017 to January 2018. 1518 pap smears received in the Department of Cytology were stained with pap stain & reported according to 'The 2014 Bethesda System for reporting cervical cytology'.
Results: 1518 pap smears were screened in which 28 (1.8%) smears were unsatisfactory for evaluation and 1490 (98.2%) were satisfactory. NILM was the predominant finding seen in 1473(98.86%) smears. Among the specific infections, the most common was bacterial vaginosis in 128 (8.59%) smears, trichomonas vaginalis in 10 (0.67%), candida infection in 7 (0.47%) smears and 26 (1.75%) smears showed reactive changes associated with inflammation. Atrophic changes were found in 50 (3.36%) cases. Epithelial cell abnormalities were seen in 17 (1.17%) cases in which 9 (0.6%) cases were reported as ASCUS, 2 (0.13%) cases as LSIL and HSIL was seen in 1 (0.07%) case. Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) was diagnosed in 4 (0.27%) cases and Adenocarcinoma in 1 (0.07%) case.
Conclusion: Cervical cytology is a simple and cost effective test and should be established as a routine diagnostic aid.
Keywords: Atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS), Bethesda System, High grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL), Low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL), Negative for intraepithelial lesion or malignancy (NILM), Papanicolaou smears.
TO COMPARE THE MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY PATTERN OF LATE PRETERM AND TERM NEONATES.
Authors: Eske Dr. Gunwant Singh , Dehariya Dr. Rashmi Ekka 
Published: June 2019

This is a hospital based prospective observational study, carried out at Gajara Raja Medical College, Gwalior. All the inborn late preterm babies have been included in the study. Selection of late preterm neonates is done by determination of gestational age.
In our study Neonatal convulsions were more common among the late preterm neonates as compare to term group.
In our study jaundice, septicemia, respiratory distress and hypoglycemia were found as major morbidities, among late preterm the rate was found to be 9%,7.8%,7.6% and 6% respectively while in term group the rate was 3.34%, 3.38%, 3.41% and 2.56% respectively. Occurrence of these morbidities among late preterm neonates as compared to term group is at higher aspect.
Keywords: Morbidity, Mortality, Preterm, Term & Neonates
ASSESSMENT OF FLOW MEDIATED DILATATION OF BRACHIAL ARTERY BY ANGIODEFENDER DEVICE AS COMPARED TO BRACHIAL ARTERY ULTRASOUND IMAGING.
Authors: Sharma Mukesh Kumar , Chandan Chandra Bhanu , Shukla Abhishek , Ameta Deepak , Kurmi Pradeep 
Published: June 2019

Aims & Objectives: To demonstrate, Angiodefender device, is comparable to “Brachial artery ultrasound imaging” (BAUI) in their abilities to quantify percentage flow mediated vasodilation (FMD) of the brachial artery. Methods: Study was conducted on 100 patients, flow mediated vasodilation was measured by BAUI as well as by the Angiodefender device and the results were compared.
Results: The mean %FMD measured by the BAUI was found to be 7.46 ± 4.21 whereas mean %FMD measured by the Angiodefender was 8.24 ± 2.46, (p value 0.113). Positive correlation was found between both the tests with correlation coefficient of 0.65, p value < 0.0001 which is highly significant.
Conclusion: Results obtained by both the methods were comparable there was no significant statistical difference. Positive correlation was highly significant between both the tests with correlation coefficient of 0.65.
Keywords: Brachial artery ultrasound imaging, Angiodefender, Flow mediated vasodilation
CYTODIAGNOSIS OF HEPATIC LESIONS AND THEIR ASSOCIATION WITH SERUM ALPHA FETOPROTEIN LEVELS
Authors: Tamanna Sehgal , Anuradha Kusum , Vivek Ahuja 
Published: June 2019

Background: Liver is a common organ for lodgement of various infections and metastasis from other parts of body. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) plays a major decisive diagnostic role and combined with USG diagnostic accuracy is 90-95% minimizing the need of biopsy. An increased in serum AFP concentration has been observed in Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) and is an important serum tumor marker. Methods: The present study was done, with the aim of studying the cytomorphological features of hepatic lesions and their association with serum Alpha Fetoprotein (AFP) levels. Study was conducted on 56 patients who underwent USG guided FNAC for diagnosis of liver lesions. Cytomorphological pattern of liver lesions were studied and serum AFP levels of the same cases were measured. Results: Maximum number of cases was in age group of 61-70 years. Male: Female ratio was 1.4:1. 82.1% cases were malignant. Most common malignancy was Metastatic deposits of Adenocarcinoma (MDA). HCC was diagnosed in 5.4% cases. Serum AFP levels in HCC were 459.93 ± 41.69 ng/mL.15.4 % of the cases of MDA and 8.3% of the cases of Metastatic deposits of Poorly Differentiated Carcinoma (MDPDC) showed raised serum AFP levels. Association between cytodiagnosis and serum AFP range was statistically significant. Sensitivity=100%, specificity=81.4%, PPV=27.3% and NPV= 100% were obtained when serum AFP was used to differentiate metastatic lesions with HCC taking < 8.5ng/mL as cut off. Conclusion: USG guided FNAC of the liver is a rapid, reliable and economical screening test. Serum AFP has been the most widely used tumor marker for diagnosing HCC but raised levels are also seen in other hepatic lesions decreasing its specificity.
Keywords: Liver, FNAC, Serum Alpha fetoprotein levels
MOLECULAR AUTOPSY: EVALUATION OF SUDDEN UNEXPECTED DEATH CASES IN TERMS OF “KCNQ1” GENETIC VARIATION
Authors: Kaya Kenan , Gülmen Mete Korkut , Serin Ayşe , Çekin Necmi , Hilal Ahmet 
Published: June 2019

Background: Deaths occuring without a known disease and/or a known cause, deaths with non-lethal diseases are interpretated as sudden-unexpected-suspected deaths. Autopsy should always required to evaluate the cause of death. Some of the cases can be termed as negative autopsy since the cause of death can not be determined. This is one of the main interests of the future forensics. Molecular autopsies are one of the main practices of to reduce the negative autopsy ratios. Thus, post-mortem KCNQ1 genetic variation tests are done in sudden unexpected death cases.
Material and methods: In this study 0 – 50 years old sudden-unexpected deaths autopsy cases were handled. Samples taken from cases were evaluated and “KCNQ1” genetic variation tests were done in our Department.
Results: This study included 47 cases of 42 sudden unexpected death cases (0 – 50 age group) and 5 control group. 15 cases were between 40 – 50 age group and number of cases were increasing with age. 29 of cases (% 69) were male. Evaluation of body-mass index of cases were done and normal weighted cases were the most common with 21 cases (% 50). According to death locations; 17 cases had died (% 45,9) at home. Death location records of 5 cases couldn’t be found. Pathological examinations of all cases were done. We had identified fibrosis and fatty change appearances in SA node of 9 cases (% 21,4) and AV node of 13 cases (% 30,9) especially in conduction tissue examinations. As the result of KCNQ1 genetic analysis of cases, we identified sequence variations in 1638th nucleotid of exon 13 and 1986th nucleotid of exon 16.
Conclusion: Cases with conduction system pathology and sequence variations of KCNQ1 genetic analysis shows that we are in need of these tests among routine practice to reduce negative autopsy ratios.
Key words: KCNQ1, molecular autopsy, sudden unexpected death, conduction system, negative autopsy.
TO STUDY THE ETIOLOGICAL PROFILE IN CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE PATIENTS
Authors: Choudhary Dr. Sukh Dev , Lakhotia Dr. Manoj , Choudhary Dr. Himanshi , Gandhi Dr. Ronak 
Published: June 2019

Background: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is determined by the presence of kidney injury and by the level of renal function, assessed according to the glomerular filtration rate.
Methods: This observational case study will be conducted among patients of newly diagnosedor known cases of chronic kidney disease admitted or attending outdoor clinic at Mahatma Gandhi Hospital Jodhpur.
Results: Twenty three patients out of 75 were diabetic, 19 patients had chronic kidney disease of unknown etiology and 12 had both DM and HTN, only one patient had CKD because of RCC.
Conclusion: Most common etiologies of CKD patients on hemodialysis are Diabetic nephropathy.
Keywords: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), Hypertension, Diabetes.
EFFICACY OF CRYSTALLOIDS AND COLLOIDS AS PRELOADING FLUIDS TO PREVENT HYPOTENSION IN SPINAL ANESTHESIA IN ELECTIVE C-SECTIONS
Authors: Yadav Dr. Seema , Verma Dr. Rajendra 
Published: June 2019

Background: Different crystalloids commonly used in preloading are Ringer lactate, normal saline and colloids that are used in preloading are gelatin, dextran, hetastarch, pentastarch, tetrastarch. This study was aimed to compare the efficacy of both as preloading infusion to prevent hypotension, requirement of vasopressors and requirement of total fluid given during surgery to maintain stable hemodynamics
Methods: This randomized control trials was conducted in the Department of Anaesthesia , R.V.R.S. Medical College, Bhilwara. 60 patients between 18- 40 years of age, belonging to American society of anaesthesia grade I or II going for elective caesarian section under spinal anesthesia were screened for the study eligibility criteria
Results: In group (I), in 20 females, efficacy was achieved while in 10 females efficacy could not be achieved because of drop in BP. In group (II), in 22 females, efficacy was achieved while in 8 females, efficacy could not be achieved. The difference between both groups was statistically insignificant but there were more females in group II in which efficacy was achieved. (p-value=>0.05)
Conclusion: According to this randomized trial we did not find any significant difference between both groups for prevention of hypotension.
Keywords: Anesthesia, coload, hypotension, preload, spinal
PROSPECTIVE STUDY OF DIAMETER OF APPENDIX IN DIAGNOSIS OF ACUTE APPENDICITIS
Authors: Nath Dr. Kedar , Meena Dr. Deepika , Meena Dr. G. L. 
Published: June 2019

Background: Acute abdominal pain is a common complaint among emergency department patients. Diagnostics of one of the most common pathologies behind acute abdominal pain, acute appendicitis, has radically changed over the last decades.
Methods: The source of data was from pretested proforma which takes into account clinical history, general physical examination, relevant investigations, imaging modalities.
Results: In our study appendix diameter test sensitivity was 95.02%, specificity was 86.24 %, positive predictive value was 97.24%, negative predictive value was 64.66% and diagnostic accuracy was 94.00%.
Conclusion: Measuring appendix diameter by USG pre-operatively reducing the rate of negative explorations
Keywords: Appendix diameter, Appendectomy, negative explorations
A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY OF TREATMENT INCLUDING LIFESTYLE MODIFICATION ADHERENCE IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE II DIABETES MELLITUS AND FACTORS AFFECTING TREATMENT ADHERENCE
Authors: G Niraimathi , S Sivaraman 
Published: June 2019

Diabetes mellitus is a growing cause of disease burden worldwide. In order to maintain the glycemic control, multifaceted management and pharmacotherapy are playing vital role. Data related to medication adherence among the affected patients are not much recorded in developing countries like India. In this study, the level of adherence and factor influencing non-adherence to diabetic medication among patients with type II diabetes was assessed. This is a hospital based cross sectional study among adult patients receiving diabetic care. The medication adherence was assessed using the Medication compliance questionnaire. Factors associated with non-adherence to medication were determined using basic and adjusted multivariable logistic regression models. A total of 101 patients with type II diabetes were recruited for this study. Most of the patients told that they practiced both aerobic exercises and diet along with their medication for diabetic management. Nearly 90% of the patients adherent to diet and maximum of 73% patients took oral hypoglycemic agents (OHA) alone followed both combination of OHA and insulin. Out of 101 patients, 67 had co-morbid psychiatric illness including mood disorders, neurotic stress and somatoform disorder. Adherence to treatment with diabetic is moderate in this study with more than half of participants being non-adherent. Urgent interventions are required to tackle this problem in combined efforts to stem this looming diabetes epidemic.
Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, life style modifications, treatment adherence
FUNCTIONAL OUTCOME OF SUB- TROCHANTRIC FRACTURE TREATED BY LONG PFN
Authors: Pipal Dr. Rajendra , Yadav Dr. Seema 
Published: June 2019

Background: Hip fractures are a growing concern for the orthopedic surgeons all over the world because the incidence of hip fractures is increasing dramatically and these fractures impose a significant challenge in their efficient management.
Methods: It was a prospective study on 50 cases of proximal femoral fractures. The fractures were classified according to Seinsheimer classification. Salvati and Wilson Score were used for functional assessment.
Results: According to Salvati and Wilson scoring system excellent results were seen in 80% of cases (40 patients), good results in 16% cases (8 patients), fair result in 4% cases (2 patients) and poor results in (0% patients).
Conclusions: PFN is safe, effective and patient friendly device useful for the treatment of all subtrochanteric fractures irrespective of their comminution.
Keywords: Proximal femoral nail, Subtrochanteric fractures, Proximal femur fracture
EVALUATION OF RESULTS OF INTERNAL FIXATION OF CLOSED, DISPLACED, RECENT FRACTURE SHAFT OF HUMERUS BY MIPPO TECHNIQUE
Authors: Datta Alok Sobhan , Velagada S. , Haque A. 
Published: June 2019

BACKGROUND: The humerus shaft fracture is the second most common fracture of the upper extremity. The predominant causes of humerus shaft fractures include low energy trauma such as fall from a standing height in older population, while in the younger population it is caused by high energy trauma.
Aims and Objectives - To investigate the effectiveness of economical MIPPO technique and to determine the radiological and functional significance of MIPPO technique in the patients undergoing treatment for recent fracture shaft of humerus.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective study had been carried out from December 2012 to August 2014 in the Orthopaedics Department of SSKM Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India. Thirty three patients, who presented with fracture shaft of humerus and underwent fixation of humeral shaft fractures by MIPPO technique were included in this study. Complete history was taken and full clinical examination was carried out.
RESULTS: The average age group in our study is 35.3 years. Of them 85% are male and 15% are female. In majority cases, mode of injury was road traffic accident. 85% cases had middle 1/3rd fracture shaft of humerus and the average time interval between the injury and surgery was 8.54 days.
CONCLUSION: The results obtained in this study have shown that the MIPPO technique is safe, convenient and effective, since there was minimal soft tissue injury with no major complications.
KEYWORDS: Minimally Invasive Percutaneous Plate Osteosynthesis (MIPPO); Road Traffic Accident (RTA).
IDENTIFICATION OF PREDISPOSING FACTORS FOR RECOVERY OF RANGE OF MOTION OF KNEE AFTER TOTAL KNEE ARTHROPLASTY
Authors: Datta Alok Sobhan , Velagada Sandeep 
Published: June 2019

BACKGROUND: Knee joint arthroplasty is the standard treatment for severe dysfunction of the knee aiming to make the knee pain free as well as to stabilise it with an appropriate range of motion.
Aims and objectives: To assess whether the postoperative functional recovery of range of motion of total knee arthroplasty depends on objective and subjective parameters.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: A prospective study comprising of twenty six cases who underwent total knee arthroplasty had been carried out from November 2013 to October 2015, in the in the Orthopaedics Department of IPGMER and SSKM Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.
RESULTS: The mean age group in our study is 35.3 years and 69.2% were females. Left side surgeries were more common (57.7%). Mean fixed flexion deformity decreased significantly from 10.8396 to 0.7692 postoperative 1 year. Mean preoperative extension lag was 2.3077 degrees and postoperative extension lag was 4.0385 degrees.
CONCLUSIONS: Total knee arthroplasty is the standard treatment for severe destructive arthritis of the knee with an aim to provide stable, painless and mobile joint. Based on the findings of this study, preoperative arc of flexion, mediolateral laxity and preoperative tibiofemoral varus/valgus angle have a significant influence on the postoperative flexion, which means they are important factors for predicting the outcome range of motion of the knee after a total knee arthroplasty.
Keywords: Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA).
DIFFERENT METHODS OF FIXATION OF SEMITENDINOSUS GRAFTS IN ARTHROSCOPIC RECONSTRUCTION OF ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT
Authors: Roy Rajiv , Datta Alok Sobhan , Roy Mritunjoy 
Published: June 2019

BACKGROUND: The Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) is the most commonly injured ligament in the human body. Earlier treatment of ACL injury was mainly restricted to sportsmen, but has increased over the years because of awareness and accessibility to treatment facilities. Arthroscopic reconstruction is now the gold-standard for the treatment of ACL tear.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was conducted at IPGME & R, Kolkata in the department of Orthopaedics, where forty patients with single knee injury were taken into consideration, the injury being more than two months old, in the age group 20-50 years, with clinically significant knee instabilities and confirmed on MR imaging.
RESULTS: This was a prospective randomised study where 95% of the patients were male. The outcome was based on regaining pre-injury status and recovery was based on pre- and post-operative clinical and radiological findings and marked according to Tegner- Lysholm scale.
CONCLUSION: Clinical and radiological (MRI) proved knee instabilities due to standardised Anterior Cruciate Ligament injury were best treated by arthroscopic repair using semi-tendinosus graft, which provided to be the gold-standard treatment protocol.
Keywords: ACL Injury, Knee Instability, Arthroscopic Repair, Semitendinosus Graft.