bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma drives long interspersed element‐1 hypomethylation in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells
Authors: Arayataweegool Areeya , Srisuttee Ratakorn , Mahattanasakul Patnarin , Tangjaturonsasme Napadon , Kerekhanjanarong Virachai , Kitkumthorn Nakarin , Mutirangura Apiwat 
Published: July 2018

AbstractObjectiveAlteration of long interspersed element‐1 (LINE‐1) methylation in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) has been simultaneously activated to breast carcinogenesis due to its secretion. To evaluate the effect in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), LINE‐1 methylation levels and patterns have been measured both in vitro and in vivo.MethodsAnalysis of LINE‐1 methylation in cocultured models between HNSCC cell lines and normal PBMCs was performed. The observation of PBMCs of HNSCC patients compared to PBMCs of normal controls was performed using the semiquantitative combined bisulfite restriction analysis technique.ResultsDownregulation of LINE‐1 methylation was significantly found in the PBMCs cocultured with all HNSCC cell lines compared to normal PBMCs. Likewise, a reduction in LINE‐1 methylation levels was observed in PBMCs of HNSCC compared to normal PBMCs (p < 0.0001). Receiver operating characteristic analysis demonstrated the potential of the unmethylated alleles (uCuC) of LINE‐1 for distinguishing the PBMCs of HNSCC patients from normal controls with 100% sensitivity and specificity.ConclusionOur data supported that the alteration of LINE‐1 methylation levels in PBMCs was influenced by HNSCC secretions. Moreover, the unmethylated LINE‐1 allele of PBMCs was proved to be an effective tumor marker and possesses a potential as HNSCC diagnostic tool.
Impact of pulsed UV‐B stress exposure on plant performance: How recovery periods stimulate secondary metabolism while reducing adaptive growth attenuation
Authors: Höll Janine , Lindner Sonja , Walter Hannah , Joshi Drishti , Poschet Gernot , Pfleger Sina , Ziegler Tobias , Hell Rüdiger , Bogs Jochen , Rausch Thomas 
Published: July 2018

AbstractUpon continuous stress exposure, plants display attenuated metabolic stress responses due to regulatory feedback loops. Here, we have tested the hypothesis that pulsed stress exposure with intervening recovery periods should affect these feedback loops, thereby causing increased accumulation of stress‐induced metabolites. The response of Arabidopsis plantlets to continuous UV‐B exposure (Cuv) was compared with that of pulsed UV‐B exposure (Puv). The differential responses to Puv versus Cuv were monitored at the level of gene expression and metabolite accumulation, using wild type (WT) and different mutant lines. In comparison with Cuv, Puv increased sinapyl and flavonol (S + F) content, whereas adaptive growth attenuation was reduced. Furthermore, in a myb4 mutant (AtMYB4, repressor‐type R2R3‐MYB transcription factor), the S + F content was increased only for Cuv, but not beyond the level for Puv observed in WT. These observations and the ability of AtMYB4 to repress AtMYB12/AtMYB111‐mediated activation of target gene promoters (pCHS and pFLS) indicate that the increase of S + F content after Puv observed in WT plants results from reduced feedback inhibition by AtMYB4. The results support the notion that stress‐induced metabolic changes not necessarily cause a growth penalty. Furthermore, the observed Puv‐induced increase in flavonol accumulation may stimulate reevaluation of commercial plant production practices.
Processes that determine the interplay of root exudation, methane emission and yield in rice agriculture
Authors: Maurer D. , Kiese R. , Kreuzwieser J. , Rennenberg H. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractRice is the most important staple food for half of the world's population, but also accounts for about 10% of all anthropogenic CH4 emissions. In spite of a wealth of information on the mechanistic basis and the importance of the rice plant in mediating these emissions, the significance of root exudation for CH4 emissions and the processes that determine root exudation are not well understood. Root exudates derive from photosynthate allocated to the root and subjected to root anabolic and catabolic processes. Key processes in roots that determine the extent of root exudation and, hence, CH4 emission from rice agriculture, include (i) deviation of metabolites from root anabolic and catabolic pathways facilitating root exudation, but also (ii) xylem loading and transport of potential root exudates for reallocation to the leaves, and (iii) xylem loading of sucrose in roots for its transport into reproductive organs, both suppressing root exudation. These processes are modulated by plant development and metabolic requirements resulting from different functions of root exudation. In the present report the interplay of root exudation, CH4 emission and yield are discussed.
Rotavirus vaccination and short‐term risk of adverse events in US infants
Authors: Layton J. Bradley , Butler Anne M. , Panozzo Catherine A. , Brookhart M. Alan 
Published: July 2018

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to evaluate the short‐term risk of adverse events associated with rotavirus vaccine (RV) in infants, overall and by vaccine formulation (three‐dose pentavalent, RV5; two‐dose monovalent, RV1).MethodsWe identified US newborns with commercial insurance during 2006‐2014 receiving a diphtheria‐tetanus‐pertussis vaccine (DTaP) dose and assessed if RV was administered concurrently. We followed infants for 30 days after each dose for diagnoses of intussusception, other gastrointestinal events, seizures, Kawasaki disease, thrombocytopenia, otitis media, all‐cause emergency department visits, and all‐cause hospitalisations. We estimated adjusted hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) with multivariable Cox proportional hazards models comparing: (a) those receiving DTaP+RV vs those receiving DTaP alone; and (b) RV5 vs RV1. Analyses were performed separately within DTaP doses and then meta‐analysed across doses.ResultsWe identified 1 031 431 first DTaP doses, 821 833 second doses, and 615 293 third doses; 79.2% had a concurrent RV, 94.1% of which were RV5. Absolute risks of serious outcomes were very low. Compared to infants who received DTaP alone, infants who received RV+DTaP did not experience consistently increased risk of intussusception (hazard ratio [HR] 1.13, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.68, 1.88) or any other outcome except for otitis media after dose 2: HR 1.11, 95% CI 1.08, 1.15. This increased otitis media risk was not as pronounced in RV5 when comparing RV5 to RV1; HR 0.92, 95% CI 0.89, 0.95.ConclusionsThese data were not consistent with an increased risk of intussusception or other adverse events following vaccination with RV, except potentially for a small increased risk of otitis media, particularly in RV1.
Deletion of the miR172 target site in a TOE‐type gene is a strong candidate variant for dominant double‐flower trait in Rosaceae
Authors: Gattolin Stefano , Cirilli Marco , Pacheco Igor , Ciacciulli Angelo , Da Silva Linge Cássia , Mauroux Jehan‐Baptiste , Lambert Patrick , Cammarata Elia , Bassi Daniele , Pascal Thierry , Rossini Laura 
Published: July 2018

SummaryDouble flowers with supernumerary petals have been selected by humans for their attractive appearance and commercial value in several ornamental plants, including Prunus persica (peach), a recognized model for Rosaceae genetics and genomics. Despite the relevance of this trait, knowledge of the underlying genes is limited. Of two distinct loci controlling the double‐flower phenotype in peach, we focused on the dominant Di2 locus. High‐resolution linkage mapping in five segregating progenies delimited Di2 to an interval spanning 150 858 bp and 22 genes, including Prupe.6G242400 encoding an euAP2 transcription factor. Analyzing genomic resequencing data from single‐ and double‐flower accessions, we identified a deletion spanning the binding site for miR172 in Prupe.6G242400 as a candidate variant for the double‐flower trait, and we showed transcript expression for both wild‐type and deleted alleles. Consistent with the proposed role in controlling petal number, Prupe.6G242400 is expressed in buds at critical times for floral development. The indelDi2 molecular marker designed on this sequence variant co‐segregated with the phenotype in 621 progenies, accounting for the dominant inheritance of the Di2 locus. Further corroborating the results in peach, we identified a distinct but similar mutation in the ortholog of Prupe.6G242400 in double‐flower roses. Phylogenetic analysis showed that these two genes belong to a TARGET OF EAT (TOE)‐type clade not represented in Arabidopsis, indicating a divergence of gene functions between AP2‐type and TOE‐type factors in Arabidopsis and other species. The identification of orthologous candidate genes for the double‐flower phenotype in two important Rosaceae species provides valuable information to understand the genetic control of this trait in other major ornamental plants.
Composition of trade flows and the effectiveness of fiscal devaluation
Authors: Holzner Mario , Tkalec Marina , Vukšić Goran 
Published: July 2018

AbstractWe empirically explore whether the magnitude of the effects of fiscal devaluation, which consists of reducing the employers’ social security contribution rate and increasing the value‐added tax rate, depends on the composition of trade flows. Our sample comprises data on bilateral balances of trade between 28 European Union (EU) Member States and their main EU trade partners over the 2000–14 period. We use robust ordinary least squares regressions, controlling for the country‐pair and time fixed effects, to test whether there are differences in the sizes of relationships between these taxation forms and bilateral trade balances for different types of goods, by distinguishing between: (i) consumer, intermediate and capital goods; and (ii) labour and capital‐intensive goods. Our results show that the overall effectiveness of fiscal devaluation depends on the composition of trade flows. Value‐added tax is more strongly (positively) associated with (bilateral) balances of trade in consumer goods, compared to balances of trade in capital and intermediate goods. The employers’ contribution rate, in contrast, is more tightly (negatively) related to balances of trade in capital goods. The latter finding also holds true for trade balances of labour‐intensive goods compared to balances of capital‐intensive goods.
Modified cranial closing wedge ostectomy in 25 dogs
Authors: Christ Jeffrey P. , Anderson Jonathan R. , Youk Ada O. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractObjectiveTo describe the planning of a modified cranial closing wedge ostectomy (mCCWO) and determine the accuracy of execution without intraoperative jigs or alignment guides.Study designRetrospective study.AnimalsTwenty‐five client‐owned dogs (32 stifles) with cranial cruciate ligament disease.MethodsMedical records of dogs treated with mCCWO between July 2014 and December 2016 were reviewed. Preoperative, postoperative, and 8‐week‐recheck radiographs were reviewed to measure changes in the conformation of the proximal tibia. The accuracy of execution was assessed by comparing planned and actual postoperative tibial plateau angle (TPA) and the lengths of bone contact along osteotomy lines. Radiographic healing and clinical outcome were subjectively evaluated 8 weeks after surgery.ResultsPreoperative planning of mCCWO decreased the cranial wedge length by a mean of 23% compared with the traditional CCWO planning. Mean TPA decreased from 40.69 ° (range 28‐63) to 6.94 ° (range 2‐20) after surgery (P < .001). Mean tibial length decreased by 0.5 mm (±0.16, P = .003), from 138 mm (range 65‐267) to 137.5 mm (range 65‐265) after mCCWO. The tibial long axis (TLA) shifted by a mean of 3.47 ° (range 0‐10). Planned and actual postoperative TPA differed by −0.66 ° (±0.47, P = .034). The proximal and distal apposing osteotomies differed in length by 1.81 mm (±0.35). No bone healing complications or implant failures were diagnosed, and all dogs returned to subjectively satisfactory function by 8 weeks after surgery.ConclusionThe preoperative planning and methods of execution of the mCCWO resulted in differences in target TPA and postoperative TPA, differences in lengths of proximal and distal osteotomies, and tibial shortening that did not appear clinically significant in this study.Clinical significancemCCWO can be planned and accurately executed without consideration of TLA shift or the intraoperative use of alignment guides or jigs.
Pancarpal and partial carpal arthrodesis with 3 locking compression plates in 6 horses
Authors: Curtiss Alexandra L. , Goodrich Laurie R. , Rossignol Fabrice , Richardson Dean W. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractObjectiveTo report the outcome of horses after pancarpal or partial carpal arthrodesis with 3 locking compression plates (LCP).Study designCase series.AnimalsSix horses ranging in age from 8 months to 16 years and weighing 227‐580 kg with severe carpal pathology including acute fractures, chronic osteoarthritis, and chronic angular limb deformity.MethodsPancarpal or partial carpal arthrodesis was performed with 3 LCP. Autologous cancellous bone grafts were used in 5 of 6 cases to facilitate joint arthrodesis.ResultsExternal coaptation was maintained for 4 to 6 weeks after surgery. Radiographic follow‐up was available in all 6 cases, all of which reached arthrodesis and pasture soundness by 4‐5 months postoperatively. One case required implant removal at 6 months because of implant exposure through the skin but returned to pasture soundness after removal.ConclusionCarpal instability due to acute fractures or chronic disease was successfully stabilized with 3 short LCP, leading to pasture soundness in all 6 horses.Clinical significanceThe use of 3 short LCP should be considered as a strategy to facilitate pancarpal or partial carpal arthrodesis by providing superior stability without placement of implants in the diaphysis of the radius and third metacarpus.
Clinical characteristics and prognosis of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-seropositive paediatric optic neuritis in China
Authors: Song Honglu , Zhou Huanfen , Yang Mo , Tan Shaoying , Wang Junqing , Xu Quangang , Liu Hongjuan , Wei Shihui 
Published: July 2018

Background/AimsTo investigate clinical characteristics and prognosis of paediatric optic neuritis (PON) in patients seropositive for myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody (MOG-Ab) in China.MethodsChildren displaying initial onset of optic neuritis (ON) were recruited from the Neuro-ophthalmology Department in the Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital from January 2016 to August 2017. They were assigned into three groups based on antibody status: MOG-Ab-seropositive ON (MOG-ON), aquaporin-4 antibody-seropositive ON (AQP4-ON) and double seronegative ON (seronegative-ON).ResultsTotally 48 patients were assessed, including 25 MOG-ON (52.1%), 7 AQP4-ON (14.6%) and 16 seronegative-ON (33.3%). The MOG-ON and seronegative-ON cohorts had equal ratios of female/male, but the AQP4-ON cohort was predominantly females (100%). The patients with MOG-ON were significantly younger at onset compared with the AQP4-ON group. Of the MOG-ON eyes, 97.6% had good recovery of visual acuity (VA) (≥0.5) compared with33.3% of AQP4-ON eyes (p<0.001). However, there was no significant difference compared with the seronegative-ON eyes (82.6%, p=0.052). Two children in the MOG-ON group ended up being diagnosed with acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, while only one patient in the AQP4-ON group developed neuromyelitis optica during follow-up. Patients with MOG-ON had thicker peripapillary retinal nerve fibre layers overall and in the superior and inferior quadrants than in patients with AQP4-ON (p=0.005, p=0.002 and p=0.024, respectively). In addition, the macular ganglion cell-inner plexiform in MOG-ON eyes became significantly thicker than in AQP4-ON eyes (p=0.029). Orbital MRI revealed a larger proportion of patients with MOG-ON had intracranial optic nerve involvement than patients with seronegative-ON (51.2% vs 17.4%, p=0.009).ConclusionMOG-ON was the most common PON subtype in China. MOG-ON had different clinical features including earlier age of onset, equal female/male ratio, better recovery of VA and thicker peripapillary retinal nerve fibre and macular ganglion cell-inner plexiform layers. MOG-Abs may be a potential biomarker for determining visual prognosis with PON.
Establishment of blood pressure nomograms representative for Egyptian children and adolescents: a cross-sectional study
Authors: El-shafie Ali M , El-Gendy Fady M , Allhony Dalia M , Abo El Fotoh Wafaa Moustafa M , Omar Zein A , Samir Mohamed A , Bahbah Wael A , Abd el naby Sameh Abdallah , El Zayat Rania S , Abd El Hady Nahla M Said , El Gazar Basim A , Zannoun Mohamed A , Kasemy Zeinab A , El-Bazzar Ahmed N , Abd El-Fattah Mohamed Abd El-nour , Abd El-monsef Amir A , Kairallah Amir M , Raafet Hythem M , Baz Ghada M , Salah Amany Gaber , Galab Walaa S 
Published: July 2018

ObjectiveTo define nomograms for blood pressure in Egyptian children and adolescents.Methods and study designA total of 60 025 Egyptian children from birth to 19 years were enrolled in this cross-sectional randomised study from December 2015 to March 2017. They were selected from diverse geographical districts in Egypt. Healthy children who fulfilled the inclusion criteria, which included good nutritional history, absence of fever or documented underlying disease at the time of examination, no evidence of haemodynamically significant illness, and no antihypertensive drugs or other chronic drug administration, were included in the study. Body weight, recumbent length (for less than 24 months) and height (from 2 years to 19 years), and blood pressure were measured using standard mercury sphygmomanometers.ResultsBlood pressure increases with age in both boys and girls. The 90th percentile of systolic and diastolic blood pressure among Egyptian children was different from other ethnic populations (American and Turkish children) in both sexes. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure showed a positive correlation with weight and height in both sexes (p<0.001).ConclusionWe assumed that normal blood pressure curves should be used cautiously during childhood, and it is recommended that every population have its own normal standard curve to define measured blood pressure levels in children. These centiles increased our knowledge and awareness of normal blood pressure among Egyptian children and adolescents. The percentiles will distinguish children and young adolescents with increased blood pressure and will be of value to both medical practice and scientific research.
Acceptability and experience of a functional training programme (ReTrain) in community-dwelling stroke survivors in South West England: a qualitative study
Authors: Norris Meriel , Poltawski Leon , Calitri Raff , Shepherd Anthony I , Dean Sarah Gerard 
Published: July 2018

Rehabilitation Training (ReTrain) is a group-based approach to functional training post stroke. ReTrain has recently been evaluated through a pilot randomised controlled trial.ObjectiveThis article reports on the acceptability of the intervention as described by trial participants.DesignA qualitative approach was undertaken. Of the 45 participants recruited into the trial, 23 were randomised to receive ReTrain. Following a sampling strategy, 10 participants undertook 1:1 semistructured audio-recorded interviews. Transcripts were analysed following a modified Framework Approach.ResultsSix themes were developed including exploration of: the physical and psychological impacts of training,the perceived mechanisms of change, the interaction of the group and approach of the trainer. A further theme considered the reported longer term impact of participation. Overall, the results indicated the acceptability of the intervention, but also key areas for potential modification in the definitive trial. These include a need to consider potential impact on both physical and psychological function, careful consideration of dosing and fatigue and the interpersonal factors that facilitate appropriate level of delivery, the trainer to participant ratio, and enhancing features that support continuation of activity postintervention.ConclusionOverall, this study supports the acceptability of ReTrain and the development of a definitive trial evaluation of this intervention to full.Trial registration numberNCT02429180.
Bibliometric analysis of gaps in research on asbestos-related diseases: declining emphasis on public health over 26 years
Authors: Lin Ro-Ting , Soeberg Matthew John , Chien Lung-Chang , Fisher Scott , Takala Jukka , Lemen Richard , Driscoll Tim , Takahashi Ken 
Published: July 2018

ObjectivesThe global burden of asbestos-related diseases (ARDs) is significant, and most of the world’s population live in countries where asbestos use continues. We examined the gaps between ARD research and suggestions of WHO and the International Labour Organization on prevention.MethodsFrom the Web of Science, we collected data on all articles published during 1991–2016 and identified a subset of ARD-related articles. We classified articles into three research areas—laboratory, clinical and public health—and examined their time trends. For all and the top 11 countries publishing ARD-related articles, we calculated the proportions of all ARD-related articles that were in each of the three areas, the average rates of ARD-related articles over all articles, and the average annual per cent changes of rates.ResultsARD-related articles (n=14 284) accounted for 1.3‰ of all articles in 1991, but this had declined to 0.8‰ by 2016. Among the three research areas, the clinical area accounted for the largest proportion (65.0%), followed by laboratory (26.5%) and public health (24.9%). The public health area declined faster than the other areas, at −5.7% per year. Discrepancies were also observed among the top 11 countries regarding emphasis on public health research, with Finland and Italy having higher, and China and the Netherlands lower, emphases.ConclusionsThere is declining emphasis on the public health area in the ARD-related literature. Under the ongoing global situation of ARD, primary prevention will remain key for some time, warranting efforts to rectify the current trend in ARD-related research.
Murmur clinic: validation of a new model for detecting heart valve disease
Authors: Draper Jane , Subbiah Sheila , Bailey Rikki , Chambers John B 
Published: July 2018

ObjectivesWe aimed to determine if auscultation or a point-of-care scan could reduce the need for standard echocardiography (transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE)) in community patients with asymptomatic murmurs.MethodsRequests from general practitioners were directed to a new murmur clinic. Auscultation and a point-of-care scan were performed by a cardiologist between 1 October 2013 and 31 December 2014 and by a scientist between 21 July 2015 and 9 May 2017.ResultsIn the first phase (cardiologist), there were 75 patients, mean age 54 (56 women), and in the second phase there were 100 patients, mean age 60 (76 women). In the total population of 175, abnormalities were shown on TTE in 52 (30%), on point-of-care scan in 52 (30%) and predicted on auscultation in 45 (26%) (p=0.125; 95% CI −0.02 to 0.29). The sensitivity of auscultation was not significantly different for the cardiologist (91%) as for the scientist (83%) (p=0.18; 95% CI −0.22 to 0.175) and the specificity was 100% for both. Accuracy was 97% for the cardiologist and 95% for the scientist. For the point-of-care scan, the sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values and accuracy were 100% for both cardiologist and scientist.ConclusionMost patients in a specialist murmur clinic had normal auscultation and point-of-care scans and no additional valve disease was detected by standard echocardiography. This suggests that a murmur clinic is a valid model for reducing demand on hospital echocardiography services.