bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integral method of solving heat-conduction problems with boundary condition of the second-kind. 2. Analysis of accuracy
Authors: Kot V. A. 
Published: November 2018

An algorithm of finding polynomial solutions of boundary-value problems on nonstationary heat conduction with a time-dependent boundary condition of the secondary kind for bodies having a plane geometry, a cylindrical symmetry, or a spherical symmetry is presented. Thе algorithm is based on the introduction into consideration of the boundary characteristics in the form of a definite set of k-fold derivatives and n-fold integrals with respect to the time function of the heat flow on the surface of a body representing a boundary condition. Two stages of the heat-conduction process were considered separately: 1) the temperature front does not reach the center of a body and 2) the temperature front reaches the center of the body, and it is heated throughout its thickness. By the example of symmetric heating of a lengthy plate with a constant and variable heat flows, a very high accuracy of the proposed approach based on the integral method of boundary characteristics (BChIM) was demonstrated. As compared to the method of additional boundary characteristics, the BChIM makes it possible to de crease the relative approximation error (at one and the same polynomial degrees N) by three to five orders of magnitude and by larger values and brings it to a negligibly low level (0.00028 % at N = 11 and 0.000025 % at N = 14). It was established that, with each next approximation (with addition of three degrees into the polynomial), the approximation error decreases by an order of magnitude for the first stage of the process. An efficient algorithm of finding the eigenvalues of a boundary-value problem on heat conduction, based on the introduction into consideration of an additional function corresponding to the largest, in sequence order, boundary integral characteristic, is prtsented for the second stage of the process. Thе algorithm makes it possible to transform the integro-differential equation obtained on the basis of the BChIM into the ordinary differential equation with zero initial conditions. The calculations of the temperature at the center of the plate have shown that the approximation accuracy of the approach proposed is very high.
DINAMIKA POPULASI KERANG POKEA Batissa violacea var. celebensis VON MARTENS 1897 DI MUARA SUNGAI LASOLO SULAWESI TENGGARA
Authors: Bahtiar . , Anadi La , Nurgayah Wa , Emiyarti . 
Published: November 2018

Pokea merupakan jenis kerang bernilai ekonomis yang dieksploitasi nelayan Sulawesi Tenggara. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dinamika populasi kerang pokea di muara Sungai Lasolo Sulawesi Tenggara. Sampel kerang pokea dikumpulkan secara periodik setiap bulan selama setahun (Januari-Desember 2014) di muara Sungai Lasolo Sulawesi Tenggara. Sampel kerang dikumpulkan secara acak berdasarkan luas sapuan alat tangkap tradisional (tangge). Kepadatan kerang berdasarkan ukuran dan waktu pengamatan diuji dengan U-Mann Whitney sedangkan kepadatan terhadap produksi dan biomassa masing-masing dianalisis menggunakan regresi linear sederhana. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kerang pokea ditemukan dari ukuran 0,15-1,67 cm sampai 7,57-8,09 cm, dengan kepadatan berkisar 173-569 ind/m2. Kepadatan tinggi ditemukan dari ukuran 1,74-2,26 cm sampai 2,80-3,32 cm, yang berbeda nyata dengan kelas ukuran lain, sedangkan kepadatan kerang tidak berbeda nyata di setiap waktu pengamatan. Produksi somatik individu tertinggi ditemukan pada ukuran 5,45-5,97 cm (3,02gMKBC/m2/thn) sedangkan produksi populasi tahunan terbesar terdapat pada ukuran 2,80-3,32 cm sebesar 160,87 g MKBC/m2/thn. Biomassa pokea berkisar 0,0002-20,07 gMKBC/m2 dengan biomassa terbesar terdapat pada ukuran 2,80-3,32 sebesar 20,069 gMKBC/m2. Kemampuan pulih (P/B) pokea sebesar 8,01/thn.
УДОСКОНАЛЕННЯ ПЕРЕТВОРЮВАЛЬНОГО АГРЕГАТУ СИСТЕМИ ЕЛЕКТРОЖИВЛЕННЯ З ФОТОЕЛЕКТРИЧНОЮ СОНЯЧНОЮ БАТАРЕЄЮ
Authors: Шавьолкін О. О. 
Published: November 2018

Improving of the converter unit for the power supply system with a photovoltaic solar battery by reducing power losses and eliminating transient components of the current when the operating mode changes. Synthesis of structure of the converter control system based on the analysis of processes in electrical circuits taking into account voltage changes, energy losses in semiconductor switches and using computer simulation. The possibility of reducing energy losses in the keys of the converter unit and improving the harmonic composition of the output current of the grid inverter has been substantiated; the structure of the converter control system has been developed with voltage regulation at the input of the grid inverter and switching from work in parallel with the grid to the autonomous mode and vice versa; a computer model of the system “converter unit with solar battery, grid and load” with a unit for determining energy losses in keys of circuit was developed. Improved: the structure of the control system of the converter unit with voltage regulation in the DC link; the structure of the generator with the combination of the function of phase-locked loop. The dependence of the voltage value at the input of the grid inverter is obtained according to the grid voltage, provided that the current quality is maintained at the grid connection point.
Uma abordagem longitudinal da contribuição do trauma e da vergonha nos sintomas depressivos em adolescentes
Authors: Cunha Marina , Almeida Rute , Cherpe Sónia , Simões Sónia , Marques Mariana 
Published: November 2018

Contexto: A revisão da literatura sobre potenciais fatores preditores dos sintomas depressivos em adolescentes tem mostrado que asexperiências traumáticas durante a infância, as experiências de vergonha e o género têm um contributo relevante.Objetivo: Pretende-se com o presente estudoobservar a variabilidade intraindividual da vergonha, acontecimentos traumáticos e género e testar o poder preditivo destas variáveis a 6 meses na evolução de sintomas depressivos (variável dependente) em adolescentes.Método: A amostra foi constituída por 325 adolescentes, com idades compreendidas entre os 12 e os 18 anos, distribuídos pela zona centro de Portugal e a frequentar o 3.º ciclo do ensino básico e ensino secundário. Foram utilizados o Inventário de Depressão para Crianças, a Escala Breve de vergonha e o Questionário de Trauma na Infância para a avaliação das variáveis referidas. Os resultados longitudinais foram analisados através de uma análise de regressão linear múltipla. Resultados: Verificou-se uma associação positiva entre experiências relatadas como traumáticas e as perceções de vergonha (T1) e os sintomas depressivos (T2, após 6 meses). O modelo de regressão linear múltipla explicou 63% da variância dos sintomas depressivos no T2, podendo contemplar-se que a pertença ao género feminino, a experiência de sentimentos de vergonha e de acontecimentos percebidos como abuso afetivo, abuso sexual e de negligência emocional (variáveis do trauma) permitiram predizer sintomas depressivos na adolescência.Conclusão: Dado que existe alguma evidência do impacto de acontecimentos traumáticos do tipo abuso/negligência durante a infância e de perceções de vergonha, durante a adolescência no desenvolvimento de sintomas depressivos, será pertinente que estas variáveis sejam tidas em conta, quer na avaliação, quer nas intervenções psicoterapêuticas nesta etapa do desenvolvimento humano. Este estudo contribui para salientar o papel de fatores de vulnerabilidade para os sintomas depressivos na adolescência.
Versão Portuguesa Reduzida da Escala de Avaliação da Aparência de Derriford (DAS-14): análise fatorial exploratória e confirmatória
Authors: Mendes José Carlos da Silva , Pereira Vera 
Published: November 2018

Objetivo: Pretende-se com este estudo, apresentar uma versão reduzida da Escala de Avaliação da Aparência de Derriford (DAS-24) para a população portuguesa. Método: Após análise de seis amostras recolhidas entre os anos 2010 e 2017, num total de 1016 participantes que responderam a questões relacionadas com o investimento esquemático da aparência e autoconsciência da aparência (DAS-24), solicitou-se autorização aos autores da versão portuguesa e versão original da DAS-24 a redução da escala para 14 itens.Resultados: A DAS-14 apresentou um bom índice de consistência interna, quer na amostra não-clínica (α de Cronbach = 0,91), quer na amostra clínica (α de Cronbach = 0,88). A análise fatorial confirmatória apresentou um ajustamento aceitável, quer para a amostra não clínica (χ2/gl = 1,17; GFI= 0,95; CFI= 0,99; TLI= 0,98; RMSEA= 0,028; p[(RMSEA ≤ 0,05) = 0,92], quer para a amostra clínica (χ2/gl = 1,36; GFI= 0,94; CFI= 0,98; TLI= 0,96; RMSEA= 0,047; p[(RMSEA ≤ 0,05) = 0,56].Conclusões: A DAS-14 apresenta-se psicometricamente robusta na avaliação da autoconsciência da aparência em amostras da população geral e clínica.
Verification of numerical simulation of suspended matter distribution under marine dumping process
Authors: Jurasov S.M. , Gorun V.V. , Berlinsky N.A. 
Published: November 2018

The several of finite-difference schemes in flat and spatial statement of the dumping processes have been observed. Verification of numerical experiments and model’s calibration is the important phases of mathematical simulation. The results of calculation by fundamental solution are the single corrected source for numerical simulation without data in situ. The several of finite-difference schemes in flat and spatial statement of equation for unsteady turbulent diffusion have been proposed.
The comparison of numerical simulation with calculations based on the fundamental formulas and also with data in situ was done. It was established that the explicit finite-difference scheme is more preferably for the short time intervals. The results of numerical simulation by this scheme correspond with calculation by fundamental formula for the flat statement if coefficient Courant = 0,25 and using comparison of calculations with time shift equal the step of the finite-difference schemes.
The deviation of numerical experiment result from the direct investigations is not more then 10 – 15% under condition of small current velocity and small windy waves for the short distances from the dumping place. It was established that for these conditions are possible to calculate the horizontal coefficient of turbulent diffusion by Karaushev’s formula.
Development of the methodology of estimating of agricultural crop yield potential with consideration of climate and agrophytotechnology impact
Authors: Dmytrenko V. P. , Odnolyetok L. P. , Kryvoshein О. О. , Krukivska A. V. 
Published: November 2018

In the paper it is outlined the main methodological positions and the results of the approbation of new approaches to the integrated assessment of the potential of crop yields.
There are considered the theoretical foundations of a joint assessment of the biological, ecological and anthropogenic components of the yield potential of agricultural crops which are based on the ecosystem concept and the mathematical model "Weather-Crop Yield" developed by V. P. Dmytrenko. In the considered approaches the peculiarities of the influence of various environmental factors on the formation of crop yields are determined by indicators of various potential yields - general, climatic and trend (agrotechnological). Each type of yield potential can be used for evaluation of the effectiveness of the conditions of field crop growing for each factor taken into account, as well as the optimality criterion in the agrometeorological adaptation strategies and also as a criterion for the degree of sensitivity of the yield level to the conditions of crops cultivating.
The developed approaches are tested on the example of estimation of long-term dynamics of winter wheat yield potential in Ukraine. According to the results of the evaluation of different factors of the potential of the productivity of winter wheat for the periods 1961-1990 and 1991-2010 the dominant importance of organizational and technological processes in comparison with the contribution of changes of agroclimatic conditions has been determined in both periods.
Awareness and use of probiotics among the millennials in the United States: Drivers and implications
Authors: Kolady Deepthi , Kattelmann Kendra , Vukovich Caleb , Scaria Joy 
Published: November 2018

Background: Despite the substantial increase in the number of probiotic products available in the U.S. during the last decade and the potential for millennials to be a large market for probiotics, there is a lack of understanding about millennials’ awareness, use, and preference for probiotics. In this study, we examine the relationship between the millennials’ health and diet perceptions and health outcomes, estimate awareness and use levels of probiotics among the millennials, and identify the drivers of use of probiotics.Methods: An online opt-in Internet panel is used to collect national level survey data on awareness, and use of probiotics from the U.S. population in the age group of 21 to 37 years old.Results: The study finds that there is divergence in millennials’ perceptions about their health and diet and health outcomes; awareness about probiotics is high and probiotics use is common among the millennials; demographic, socio-economic, and life style related attributes are influential in millennials’ decision on the use of probiotics;, and shakes and yogurt are the most preferred carrier forms of probiotics among the millennials. The study also finds that income constraints and perception of good health status are the major factors hindering the use of probiotics among the millennials.Conclusion: The study shows that millennials are already an important market for probiotics and there is substantial scope for expanding that market. The ability of probiotics to address public health concerns will depend greatly on how health care providers and probiotic industry will leverage these high levels of awareness and use by the millennials. Findings from our study provide insights that are helpful for probiotics product and market development and outreach efforts that will result in increased use of probiotics among the millennials with positive implications for public health and overall economy.Keywords: consumer preference, probiotic industry, health policy, shakes, yogurt
Association between Peripheral Leptin and Adiponectin Levels and Cognitive Decline in Patients with Neurocognitive Disorders ≥65 Years
Authors: Gilbert Thomas , Roche Sylvain , Blond Emilie , Bar Jean-Yves , Drai Jocelyne , Cuerq Charlotte , Haution-Bitker Marine , Ecochard René , Bonnefoy Marc 
Published: November 2018

Background: There is evidence that adipokines have roles in brain functioning and cognitive decline. Objective: Assess the role of leptin and adiponectin levels in predicting changes in neuro-cognitive disorders (NCD). Methods: The study included 205 patients over 65 years of age presenting for a one-day hospitalization for current assessment of cognitive function. Peripheral blood leptin and adiponectin levels were measured at admission. Demographic variables, body mass index (BMI), and history of hypertension were also recorded. Cognitive function was assessed by the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) at admission and at later scheduled visits over a median follow-up period of 14.5 months. Conventional univariate comparisons were made between diagnosis groups (Alzheimer’s disease (AD), mild NCD, vascular/mixed dementia). Changes in MMSE scores over time were examined with regard to the above variables using a linear mixed model. Results: The mean BMI was significantly lower (by 2 kg/m2, p = 0.01) in patients with AD than in patients with either mild-NCD or vascular/mixed dementia. Leptin levels were significantly higher ( p = 0.043) and adiponectin levels significantly lower ( p = 0.045) in patients with mild-NCD than in patients with major-NCD (AD or vascular/mixed dementia). However, the mixed model suggested no influence of the baseline levels of these two biomarkers on the course of cognitive decline. Conclusion: The present study confirms the associations between leptin and adiponectin and AD or AD-related disorders but did not confirm that these peptides may be used as predictive biomarkers of cognitive decline.
Increased Blood Pressure and Body Mass Index as Potential Modifiable Factors in The Progression of Myocardial Dysfunction in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
Authors: van de Velde Nienke Marije , Roest Arno Anne Willem , van Zwet Erik Willem , Niks Erik Harmen 
Published: November 2018

Background: Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is characterized by progressive cardiomyopathy. Left ventricular (LV) function may worsen by factors increasing LV afterload such as hypertension and obesity. Objective: To identify potential modifiable risk factors for progression of cardiomyopathy in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Methods: We retrospectively analysed systolic blood pressures (SBP) and body-mass indexes (BMI) from 273 visits of 65 DMD patients aged 4–18 years between 2003 and 2016, divided in 14 age groups. Values were normalized using Z-scores (Z-SBP and Z-BMI). A linear mixed model was used to analyse correlations between Z-SBP and BMI, steroid use, age, ambulatory status and cardiac medication (CM) use. To study the relationship between SBP and BMI and myocardial deformation prior to the onset of clinical cardiomyopathy, LV deformation, defined by global longitudinal strain (GLS), was quantified in a subset of 36 patients <11 years. Multiple linear regression was used to study the relation between GLS and clinical parameters. Results: Median follow-up was 5 years. SBP was significantly elevated in all age groups under 14 years ( p≤0.04) and 15–16 years ( p = 0.033) and correlated positively with BMI ( p = 0.001) and negatively with CM use over time ( p = 0.018). Z-BMI followed a bell-shaped distribution and plotted approximately one standard deviation above the mean in patients between 7 and 15 years. In the subset of younger patients, reduced GLS was associated with higher BMI ( β= 0.348, p = 0.004). Conclusions: SBP and BMI may be potentially modifiable factors to retard deterioration of LV function in DMD.
The severity and associated comorbidities of retinopathy of prematurity among micro-premature infants with birth weights less than 750 grams
Authors: Beck K. , Young R. , Read S. , Harper H. , Desireddi J. , Harper C.A. 
Published: November 2018

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the characteristics and comorbidities associated with ROP in micro-premature infants and their results. METHODS: This is a retrospective chart review involving multiple intensive care units in Central Texas from 2011 to 2016. Infants were included if birth weight (BW) was≤750 g with confirmed ROP by the International Classification of Retinopathy of Prematurity (ICROP). Neonates were examined and treated with laser ablation or intravitreal ranibizumab (IVR) with subsequent laser treatment, guided by fluorescein angiography, if met treatment criteria defined as type 1 ROP by the Early Treatment of Retinopathy of Prematurity standards. Time to regression was defined clinically. Results were analyzed using chi-squared test. RESULTS: 100 neonates were included in the study. Mean BW was 599 grams and mean gestational age was 24.2 weeks. Forty neonates were classified as type 1 ROP and therefore required intervention; of them 21 received laser alone and 19 required IVR with subsequent laser. Only 2 patients received more than one IVR injection. None of the patients progressed to stage 4 or 5 ROP. CONCLUSIONS: Despite such low birth weights, none of these neonates progressed to stage 4 or 5 ROP likely because of prompt examination and treatment with laser or with IVR and subsequent laser. IVR might serve as a bridge to laser in type 1 ROP allowing some retinal vessel development prior to definitive laser treatment.
Collision-avoiding imaging trajectories for linac mounted cone-beam CT
Authors: Davis Andrew M. , Pearson Erik A. , Pan Xiaochuan , Pelizzari Charles A. , Al-Hallaq Hania 
Published: November 2018

BACKGROUND: Some patients cannot be imaged with cone-beam CT for image-guided radiation therapy because their size, pose, or fixation devices cause collisions with the machine. OBJECTIVE: To investigate imaging trajectories that avoid such collisions by using virtual isocenter and variable magnification during acquisition while yielding comparable image quality. METHODS: The machine components most likely to collide are the gantry and kV detector. A virtual isocenter trajectory continuously moves the patient during gantry rotation to maintain an increased separation between the two. With dynamic magnification, the kV detector is dynamically moved to increase clearance for an angular range around the potential collision point while acquiring sufficient data to maintain the field-of-view. Both strategies were used independently and jointly with the resultant image quality evaluated against the standard circular acquisition. RESULTS: Collision avoiding trajectories show comparable contrast and resolution to standard techniques. For an anthropomorphic phantom, the RMSE is <7×10- 4, multi-scale structural similarity index is >0.97, and visual image fidelity is >0.96 for all trajectories when compared to a standard circular scan. CONCLUSIONS: The proposed trajectories avoid machine-patient collisions while providing comparable image quality to the current standard thereby enabling CBCT imaging for patients that could not otherwise be scanned.
Characterization of Mesoscale Waves in the Jupiter NEB by Jupiter InfraRed Auroral Mapper on board Juno
Authors: Adriani A. , Moriconi M. L. , Altieri F. , Sindoni G. , Ingersoll A. P. , Grassi D. , Mura A. , Atreya S. K. , Orton G. , Lunine J. I. , Fletcher L. N. , Simon A. A. , Melin H. , Tosi F. , Cicchetti A. , Noschese R. , Sordini R. , Levin S. , Bolton J. , Plainaki C. , Olivieri A. 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
In 2017, the Jupiter InfraRed Auroral Mapper (JIRAM), on board the NASA-ASI Juno mission, observed a wide longitude region (50° W–80° E in System III) that was perturbed by a wave pattern centered at 15° N in the Jupiter’s North Equatorial Belt (NEB). We analyzed JIRAM data acquired on 2017 July 10 using the M-channel and on 2017 February 2 with the spectrometer. The two observations occurred at different times and at slightly different latitudes. The waves appear as clouds blocking the deeper thermal emission. The wave crests are oriented north–south, and the typical wave packet contains 10 crests and 10 troughs. We used Fourier analysis to rigorously determine the wavenumbers associated with the observed patterns at a confidence level of 90%. Wavelet analysis was also used to constrain the spatial localization of the largest energies involved in the process and determine the wavelengths carrying the major contribution. We found wavelengths ranging from 1400 to 1900 km, and generally decreasing toward the west. Where possible, we also computed a vertical location of the cloud pressure levels from the inversion of the spectral radiances measured by the JIRAM spectrometer. The waves were detected at pressure levels consistent with the NH3 as well as NH4SH clouds. Phase velocities could not be determined with sufficient confidence to discriminate whether the alternating crests and troughs are a propagating wave or a manifestation of a fluid dynamical instability.