bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Undergraduate student nurses’ perspectives of an integrated clinical learning model in the mental health environment
Authors: Boardman Gayelene , Lawrence Karen , Polacsek Meg 
Published: June 2018

AbstractProviding nursing students with appropriate clinical practice during their undergraduate programme is critical to ensuring that graduates meet the competency requirements to gain registration as a nurse. In response to the predicted nursing workforce shortage, universities have been significantly increasing the enrolment of undergraduate nurses into Bachelor of Nursing courses. This has placed a demand on the availability of clinical placements and often universities struggle to find appropriate places. In this study, a Bachelor of Nursing course incorporated an Integrated Clinical Learning Model (ICLM) for the first time during a mental health placement. The model offered students the flexibility of attending their clinical placement over a 16‐week period instead of a traditional block of 4 weeks. The aim of this study was to evaluate the student perspective of this model and whether it prepared them for the nursing workforce. Focus groups were conducted with undergraduate nursing students following their mental health clinical placement at an acute and extended care inpatient unit. Data were analysed using thematic analysis. Main themes included preparedness for practice, maintaining a work–life balance, and perceiving they were part of a team. The ICLM deepened students’ knowledge and had a positive impact on their overall clinical learning.
A Statistical Model to Investigate the Reproducibility Rate Based on Replication Experiments
Authors: Pauli Francesco 
Published: June 2018

SummaryThe reproducibility crisis, that is, the fact that many scientific results are difficult to replicate, pointing to their unreliability or falsehood, is a hot topic in the recent scientific literature, and statistical methodologies, testing procedures and p‐values, in particular, are at the centre of the debate. Assessment of the extent of the problem–the reproducibility rate or the false discovery rate–and the role of contributing factors are still an open problem. Replication experiments, that is, systematic replications of existing results, may offer relevant information on these issues. We propose a statistical model to deal with such information, in particular to estimate the reproducibility rate and the effect of some study characteristics on its reliability. We analyse data from a recent replication experiment in psychology finding a reproducibility rate broadly coherent with other assessments from the same experiment. Our results also confirm the expected role of some contributing factor (unexpectedness of the result and room for bias) while they suggest that the similarity between original study and the replica is not so relevant, thus mitigating some criticism directed to replication experiments.
Infant sleep and the influence of a pacifier
Authors: Balaban Raquel , Cruz Câmara Andréa , Barros Ribeiro Dias Filho Edmir , Andrade Pereira Mayara de , Menezes Aguiar Carlos 
Published: June 2018

BackgroundDivergent opinions are found in the literature regarding the use of a pacifier. During the longitudinal follow‐up of children, health professionals must take a position on this issue and offer clear information regarding the pros and cons of pacifier use so that parents/caregivers can feel comfortable enough to make their own decision.AimEvaluate the beneficial effects of pacifier use on the sleep quality of infants.DesignA cross‐sectional study was conducted at public day care centres in the city of Recife, Brazil. Interviews were held with 157 mothers of infants aged five to 13 months. Data were collected on the mother's and child's profiles. Child's sleep quality was determined using the Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire.ResultsThe results demonstrated no statistically significant differences between the group that used a pacifier and the group that did not use a pacifier with regard to sleep variables of the child.ConclusionsWhen deciding whether or not to permit pacifier use, the infant's sleep quality should not be considered a critical factor.
Atrial involvement in arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy patients referred for ventricular arrhythmias ablation
Authors: Wu Lingmin , Bao Jingru , Liang Erpeng , Fan Siyang , Zheng Lihui , Du Zhongpeng , Chen Gang , Ding Ligang , Zhang Shu , Yao Yan 
Published: June 2018

AbstractBackgroundArrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) is a heritable myocardium disorder that predominantly affects the ventricle. Little is known about atrial involvement. This study aimed to assess atrial involvement, especially the role of genotype on atrium in ARVC.MethodsThe incidence, characterization and predictors of atrial involvement were investigated. Nine known ARVC‐causing genes were screened and the correlation between genotype and atrial involvement was assessed.ResultsRight atrium (RA) dilation, left atrium (LA) dilation, and sustained atrial tachyarrhythmias (ATa) were found in 45, 16 and 3 patients, respectively. Gene mutations were identified in 64 (64.0%) patients. Mutation carriers showed more RA dilation than noncarriers (54.7% vs. 27.8%,P = 0.009), and no difference in LA dilation and ATa. Multivariate analysis showed tricuspid regurgitation (OR: 18.867; 95% CI: 1.466‐250.000;P = 0.024) increased the risk of RA dilation and decreased left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (OR: 1.134; 95% CI: 1.002‐1.272;P = 0.031) correlated with LA dilation, whereas genotype showed no significant effect.At a median follow‐up time of 91 months, 7 patients died and 1 patient accepted heart transplantation. New‐onset RA dilation, LA dilation, and sustained ATa were found in 8, 7, and 6 patients, respectively. Atrial involvement was not associated with the long‐term survival. Despite mutation carriers showing more RA dilation, Kaplan‐Meier analysis showed genotype was not associated with atrial involvement.ConclusionAtrial involvement was common in ARVC. Tricuspid regurgitation and decreased LVEF increased the risk for atrial dilation. Genotype was not associated with atrial involvement.
Hypotensive Drugs and Syncope Due to Orthostatic Hypotension in Older Adults with Dementia (Syncope and Dementia Study)
Authors: Testa Gianluca , Ceccofiglio Alice , Mussi Chiara , Bellelli Giuseppe , Nicosia Franco , Bo Mario , Riccio Daniela , Curcio Francesco , Martone Anna Maria , Noro Gabriele , Landi Francesco , Ungar Andrea , Abete Pasquale 
Published: June 2018

OBJECTIVESTo determine whether hypotensive drugs may play a pivotal role in inducing orthostatic hypotension (OH)‐related syncope.DESIGNProspective, observational, multicenter study.SETTINGAcute care wards, syncope units, and centers for the diagnosis of dementia.PARTICIPANTSIndividuals aged 65 and older with a diagnosis of dementia and 1 or more episodes of transient loss of consciousness of a suspected syncopal nature or unexplained falls during the previous 3 monthsMEASUREMENTSBlood pressure was measured in the supine position and in the orthostatic position after 1 and 3 minutes. OH was defined as a decrease in systolic blood pressure of 20 mmHg or more and in diastolic blood pressure of 10 mmHg or more within 3 minutes of standing. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to evaluate associations between hypotensive drugs and their combinations with OH‐related syncope.RESULTSThe mean age of the study population (n=522; women, n=324) was 83.5±6.1, and the most frequent comorbidity was arterial hypertension (74.5%); 324 (67.8%) participants had had a syncopal fall and 168 (32.2%) a nonsyncopal fall. The mean number of hypotensive drugs administered (2.9±3.1) did not differ between the two groups. Syncopal falls was OH‐related in 170 participants (48.0%). OH‐related syncopal falls were more frequent in participants receiving nitrates (15.3% vs 9.8%, p=.06), alpha‐blockers (16.5% vs 9.8%, p=.04), or combinations of angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE‐Is) and diuretics (20.6% vs 13.0%, p=.04), alpha‐blockers and diuretics (8.2% vs 3.3%, p=0.036), and ACE‐Is and nitrates (8.2% vs 3.3%, p=.10). Multivariate analysis confirmed a greater risk of OH‐related syncopal fall for nitrates (relative risk (RR)=1.77), combinations of ACE‐Is and diuretics (RR=1.66), and combinations of ACE‐Is and nitrates (RR=2.32).CONCLUSIONIn older adults with dementia, OH‐related syncopal falls are significantly related to treatment with nitrates, combinations of ACE‐Is and diuretics, and combinations of ACE‐Is and nitrates.
Renal inpatient ward nurse experience and job satisfaction: A qualitative study
Authors: McKenzie Aisha Tamika , Addis Gulen 
Published: June 2018

AbstractAims and objectivesTo examine the experience of registered nurses working in renal inpatients wards at an acute National Health Service (NHS) hospital Trust. Nurse perceptions of their experience particularly in relation to job satisfaction were analysed.BackgroundIncreased understanding of workplace organisation and culture can contribute to improved nurse work experience and better patient care. Worldwide many studies conducted on nurse experience and job satisfaction show that job satisfaction level varies across work settings so analysis of job satisfaction at a local level such as in a ward is important for producing useful analysis and recommendations.MethodUsing purposive sampling, semistructured individual interviews were conducted on twelve registered nurses working on renal inpatient wards.ResultsThe study identified three themes: safe care, organisational culture and work environment. Although staffing was identified as a key element to providing safe care maintaining adequate staffing levels remained a challenge. Whilst there were opportunities for professional development more support is needed for newly qualified nurses.ConclusionsFindings highlighted that renal patients were complex. It is important to maintain adequate staffing levels. Good clinical leadership is required to support and develop the positive experience of nurses.Relevance to clinical practiceThe high turnover of newly qualified nurses is a particular problem and nurse managers need to develop strategies to retain such nurses. Regular audits on staffing levels as part of improving workforce planning and patient safety need to be conducted.
Tension between freedom and dependence—A challenge for residents who live in nursing homes
Authors: Caspari Synnøve , Råholm Maj‐Britt , Sæteren Berit , Rehnsfeldt Arne , Lillestø Britt , Lohne Vibeke , Slettebø Åshild , Heggestad Anne Kari T. , Høy Bente , Lindwall Lillemor , Nåden Dagfinn 
Published: June 2018

AbstractAims and objectivesTo present results from interviews of older people living in nursing homes, on how they experience freedom.BackgroundWe know that freedom is an existential human matter, and research shows that freedom remains important throughout life. Freedom is also important for older people, but further research is needed to determine how these people experience their freedom. The background for this article was a Scandinavian study that occurred in nursing homes; the purpose of the study was to gain knowledge about whether the residents felt that their dignity was maintained and respected.DesignThe design was hermeneutic, with qualitative research interviews.MethodTwenty‐eight residents living in nursing homes in Denmark, Sweden and Norway were interviewed. Collecting tools used were an interview guide and also a tape recorder. Researchers in the three countries performed the interviews. The data were transcribed and analysed on three levels of hermeneutic interpretation.ResultsTo have their freedom was emphasised as very important according to their experience of having their dignity taken care of. The following main themes emerged: (a) Autonomy or paternalism; (b) Inner and outer freedom; and (c) Dependence as an extra burden.ConclusionsResidents in a nursing home may experience the feeling of having lost their freedom. This conclusion has implications for healthcare professionals and researchers, as it is important for residents in nursing homes to feel that they still have their freedom.Relevance to clinical practiceIn clinical practice, it is important and valuable for the staff to consider how they can help older people feel that they still have their freedom.
Disruption in Platform‐Based Ecosystems
Authors: Ozalp Hakan , Cennamo Carmelo , Gawer Annabelle 
Published: June 2018

AbstractWe study intergenerational platform‐technology transitions as instances of potentially disruptive innovation at the ecosystem level. Examining the launch of 12 platform technologies in the U.S. videogame industry covering three console generations from 1993 until 2010, we show that incumbents introducing next‐generation platform technologies with advanced capabilities increase the challenges of developing complements for the platform technology, steepening complementors’ learning curves and disrupting the very same complementors that platform owners need to thrive in the next‐generation competition. We find that, because of these struggles, platforms with advanced capabilities but high complement‐development challenges show a pattern of defection of complementors toward rival, less challenging platforms. Our study extends mainstream disruptive‐innovation theory to the context of platform‐based ecosystems by offering a systemic view that accounts for disaffection on the part of technology complementors—rather than end users—as the main reason for disruption.
Fatigue Behavior of Different CAD/CAM Materials for Monolithic, Implant‐Supported Molar Crowns
Authors: Sotto‐Maior Bruno Salles , Carneiro Rafael Corrêa , Francischone Carlos Eduardo , Assis Neuza Maria Souza Picorelli , Devito Karina Lopes , Senna Plinio Mendes 
Published: June 2018

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the fracture resistance after the thermal and mechanical fatigue of feldspathic, lithium disilicate, and resin‐modified CAD/CAM monolithic crowns cemented onto a universal post abutment.Materials and MethodsA right second mandibular molar was designed in CAD/CAM software, and 30 crowns were machined using three different materials (n = 10): feldspathic ceramic, finished only with a glaze cycle (G1); lithium disilicate, sintered and finished with a glaze cycle (G2); and resin, modified by nanoceramic and finished with rubber (G3). All crowns were cemented under a constant 50 N load, the excess cement was removed, and the crowns were light‐cured for 30 seconds. After being immersed in deionized water for 7 days, the crowns were submitted to thermal cycling, which consisted of varying the temperature from 2 to 50°C for 350,000 cycles, and mechanical cycling in a fatigue simulator, where a 250 N load was applied for 1,000,000 cycles at 2 Hz. The resistance of each crown was verified in a compression‐to‐failure test at 1 mm/min in a universal test machine. The groups were compared using one‐way ANOVA with a Bonferroni post hoc test and Weibull statistics.ResultsThe resin‐modified group was the least resistant group (1755 ± 124 N), followed by the feldspathic (2147 ± 412 N) and lithium disilicate groups (2804 ± 303 N). The Weibull statistics demonstrated that lithium disilicate is the most reliable material and has the lowest fracture probability.ConclusionsIt was possible to conclude that all of the tested CAD/CAM materials can be used as monolithic, implant‐supported molar crowns.
Clinical parameters to optimize patient selection for subcutaneous and transvenous implantable defibrillator therapy
Authors: Quast Anne‐Floor B.E. , Brouwer Tom F. , Tjong Fleur V.Y. , Wilde Arthur A.M. , Knops Reinoud E. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractBackgroundThe subcutaneous implantable cardioverter‐defibrillator (S‐ICD) lacks the antitachycardia pacing (ATP) capability of tranvenous ICDs (TV‐ICD). S‐ICD patient selection can be challenging as some patients may benefit from ATP. We aim to identify clinical predictors of ATP benefit, in order to improve patient selection for S‐ICD or TV‐ICD therapy.MethodsDe novo single‐ and dual‐chamber TV‐ICD patients implanted between March 2011 and December 2015 were included. Ventricular arrhythmias terminated by ATP and not followed by a shock were considered successful ATP therapy. Cox proportional hazard analysis was performed to assess the adjusted effect of multiple predictors for appropriate ATP and shock therapy.ResultsNote that 431 patients were included with a median follow‐up of 26 months. Ninety‐nine patients (23%) received appropriate ATP therapy, which terminated the arrhythmia in 67%. A history of nonsustained ventricular tachycardia (NSVT) or monomorphic VT (MVT) was the only predictor of appropriate ATP therapy in the multivariable model (hazard ratio [HR] 2.73, P < 0.001). Sixty‐five of 221 patients with a history of NS (VT) received appropriate ATP (29%) versus 24 patients (11%) without a history NS (VT) (P < 0.001). A secondary prevention indication was the only predictor in the multivariate model for appropriate shock therapy (HR 1.82, P = 0.05).ConclusionA history of NSVT or MVT is a significant predictor for appropriate and successful ATP therapy. One in three patients with NSVT or MVT received appropriate ATP versus one in 10 patients without a history of NSVT or MVT over a 2‐year period of follow‐up.
Ideal Theory and ‘Ought Implies Can’
Authors: Berg Amy 
Published: June 2018

AbstractWhen we can’t live up to the ultimate standards of morality, how can moral theory give us guidance? We can distinguish between ideal and non‐ideal theory to see that there are different versions of the voluntarist constraint, ‘ought implies can.’ Ideal moral theory identifies the best standard, so its demands are constrained by one version. Non‐ideal theory tells us what to do given our psychological and motivational shortcomings and so is constrained by others. Moral theory can now both provide an ultimate standard and give us guidance; this view also gives us new insights into demandingness and blame.
Spontaneous outcrossing in tomato depends on cultivar and environment and varies between individual flowers
Authors: Horneburg Bernd , Becker Heiko C. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractKnowledge about the degree of spontaneous outcrossing of diverse genotypes is essential for breeding programmes, maintenance breeding, and seed production. For tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.), very limited scientific evidence for genotypic differences is available and evidence from Europe is scarce. To close this knowledge gap, six cultivars were investigated in three Central European locations as part of the Organic Outdoor Tomato Project. To determine outcrossing rates, the monogenetic “cut‐leaf” trait, which is dominant over the “potato‐leaf” trait, was used as morphological marker. The observed range of outcrossing was 0.0%–5.2%. Outcrossing was significantly influenced by cultivar and environment. The outcrossing rate of individual flowers varied within cultivars ranging from 0% to 37%. The potential of newly opened flowers to accept foreign pollen varied largely with the cultivar. Genotypic differences could partly be linked to flower morphology traits. The potential for recombination between tomato genotypes is generally very low but can be a source for new variation in on‐farm management.
Identification of QTLs controlling low‐temperature tolerance during the germination stage in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)
Authors: Song Zichao , Wang Weiping , Shi Lixue , Zhang Song , Xie Qing , Wei Shuang , Wang Ye , Bo Kailiang , Miao Han , Zhang Shengping , Gu Xingfang 
Published: June 2018

AbstractPoor seed germination of cucumber at suboptimal temperatures is a great concern for growers wishing to take advantage of the early market. The development of low‐temperature‐tolerant varieties would be aided by understanding the inheritance of the trait and mapping its locus. In this study, a set of 140 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from a cross between 65G (low‐temperature‐tolerant) and 02245 (low‐temperature‐sensitive) was used to identify the QTLs linked with low‐temperature tolerance. A linkage map was developed using 135 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers and five insertion–deletion (Indel) markers, and three QTLs were identified, qLTG1.1, qLTG2.1 and qLTG4.1. qLTG1.1, the major one for germination rate, germination energy and germination index, explained more than 50% of the observed phenotypic variability. The major QTL for radicle length, qLTG4.1, explained 13.8% of the phenotypic variability. The results showed that qLTG1.1 and qLTG4.1 play an important role in low‐temperature tolerance during seed germination of cucumber and provide a basis for further fine mapping to determine the molecular mechanism for this trait.
Fungal infection causes changes in the number, morphology and spreading ability of Galleria mellonella haemocytes
Authors: Boguś Mieczysława I. , Ligęza‐Żuber Marta , Polańska Marta A. , Mosiewicz Maciej , Włóka Emilia , Sobocińska Martyna 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe most effective and important strategy in the insect immune response is based on cellular reactions incorporating haemocytes. The present study uses Galleria mellonella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) as a host to study the pathogenesis caused by the entomopthoralean fungus Conidiobolus coronatus (Entomophthorales). Five types of haemocytes with different morphologies and behaviour are observed in the haemolymph of G. mellonella: granulocytes (GRs), plasmatocytes (PLs), spherulocytes (SPs), oenocytes (OEs) and prohaemocytes (PRs). During in vitro cultivation, three morphological subtypes of PLs are distinguished: flattened PLs, sun‐like PLs and oval PLs. In fresh smears of haemolymph observed under phase‐contrast microscopy, only flattened PLs are identified. No morphological changes are observed between fresh smears and in vitro cultures for GR, OE, SP and PR. Haemocytes cultured in vitro form a cellular network composed of PLs and GRs. Changes in the numbers, morphology and behaviour of haemocytes induced by fungal infection are compared with those observed in normally‐developing untreated larvae. Infection results in a significant drop in the number of haemocyte types. Fresh smears of haemocytes from mycosed larvae reveal malformed OEs, vacuolized PLs and GRs, as well as PLs with apoptotic blebs. Haemocytes from mycosed larvae incubated in vitro look similar, with degranulated GRs and vacuolized PLs forming microaggregations, as well as deformed OEs; only the SPs remain unharmed. Fungal infection impairs the ability of haemocytes to attach and spread on the culture dish. The actin cytoskeleton of haemocytes from mycosed larvae appear disorganized.