bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tackling rogue landlords and substandard housing
Authors: Vols Michel , Belloir Alexandre Copeland 
Published: March 2019

Purpose
In 2011, Dutch municipalities requested supplementary legal enforcement instruments to tackle rogue landlords and substandard housing. The national government implemented new legislation granting municipalities’ local authorities more legal instruments in 2015. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the application and effectiveness of these instruments.

Design/methodology/approach
Using both quantitative and qualitative (legal) empirical research methods, this study establishes the frequency these instruments are used and the manner they are applied in practice to determine their role in limiting abusive practices of rogue landlords.

Findings
By comparing legislation and policies with their enforcement, the authors pinpoint differences between the law in the books and the law in practice and argue that the legal instruments have a stronger effect on the informal power than on formal power of local authorities. Moreover, the paper shows that the shift of responsibility from the Public Prosecutions Office to local authorities has left the Public Prosecutions Office disinterested, feeling that it no longer has to deal with substandard housing violations at all, therefore leaving the repeat offenders free to continue their activities with minor consequences.

Originality/value
The paper presents original data on the ways governments address substandard housing and rogue landlords. This is the first study that analyses the fight against substandard housing in the Dutch context. Although centred on legislation and procedures in The Netherland, the paper’s findings are relevant in other jurisdictions facing similar issues.
The inclusion of transversal competences in the training programs for unemployed of Bahía De Cádiz
Authors: Canto Miguel Blanco , López Lydia Bares , Hrynevych Oksana 
Published: March 2019

PurposeThe economic crisis of 2008 has caused a significant increase in the number of unemployed in Spain and a decrease in investments in active training policies. In this context, it is even more necessary to demand improvements in the degree of efficiency of the training programs aimed at unemployed people.Design/methodology/approachThis paper presents the opinions of a group of experts in labor intermediation on the need to include transversal competences in the training contents of employment courses aimed at the tourism sector to improve the degree of employment of the unemployed.FindingsAll the experts consulted have indicated the need to enrich the subjects of the training courses by incorporating workshops that favor the implementation of certain transversal competences such as team work, management in stress situations, problem-solving, willingness to learn, self-initiative, verbal communication and mastery of social networks.Research limitations/implicationsThe main limitations are given by the small number of experts in the field. However, their long career and participation in employment programs make their opinions valuable.Practical implicationsThe main practical implication is in the fact that the proposed suggestions about modifications in the contents of the training courses for employment in the tourism sector are perfectly applicable, and according to the expert’s opinions, they would improve the degree of labor insertion of the participants.Social implicationsThe improvement of the degree of employability of the unemployed who participate in the training actions and a greater adaptation to the specific characteristics of the jobs offered by the entrepreneurs of the sector.Originality/valueThe adaptation of the formative contents of the courses focused on the unemployed can make possible two desirable effects. On the one hand, the improvement of the quality of the tourist resources and on the other hand, increase the degree of employability of the unemployed, and in this way improve the efficiency of training programs.
Information visualization skills for academic librarians
Authors: Chen Hsuanwei Michelle 
Published: March 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate how scholars in the digital humanities employ information visualization techniques in their research, and how academic librarians should prepare themselves to support this emerging trend.

Design/methodology/approach
This study adopts a content analysis methodology, which further draws techniques from data mining, natural language processing and information visualization to analyze three peer-reviewed journals published within the last five years and ten online university library research guides in this field.

Findings
To successfully support and effectively contribute to the digital humanities, academic librarians should be knowledgeable in more than just visualization concepts and tools. The content analysis results for the digital humanities journals reflect the importance of recognizing the wide variety of applications and purposes of information visualization in digital humanities research.

Practical implications
This study provides useful and actionable insights into how academic librarians can prepare for this emerging technology to support future endeavors in the digital humanities.

Originality/value
Although information visualization has been widely adopted in digital humanities research, it remains unclear how librarians, especially academic librarians who support digital humanities research, should prepare for this emerging technology. This research is the first study to address this research gap through the lens of actual applications of information visualization techniques in digital humanities research, which is compared against university LibGuides for digital humanities research.
Absorptive capacity and organizational mechanisms
Authors: Cordero P. Laura , Ferreira João J. 
Published: March 2019

PurposeThis study aims to contribute to fill the gap in the existing absorptive capacity (AC) literature relating to how organizational mechanisms applied both at the national and international level affect a firm’s AC.Design/methodology/approachA systematic literature review was carried out using analytical articles from two sources – Web of Science and Scopus – aiming to cover as many studies related to the AC research topic.FindingsThe results show that the majority of the studies do not include a specific analysis of an organizational mechanism’s role as mediator or moderator of a firm’s AC. The analysis of the reverse knowledge set of mechanisms will provide for international business scholars and practitioners a compilation of specific strategies that MNC apply to improve AC.Originality/valueThe study identifies four sets of organizational mechanisms: external search strategy; organizational knowledge management; reverse knowledge; and mechanisms not orientated to knowledge management; and it describes their specific relationships with AC.
The Development of Prefixation in Time and Space
Authors: Hill Eugen , Kölligan Daniel , Scheungraber Corinna , Frotscher Michael 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe paper argues that seemingly aberrant phonological developments of local adverbs that have become prepositions and verbal and nominal prefixes in Baltic, Germanic and Armenian are to be explained by the assumption of a phase of ‘ditropic’ behaviour: ‘ditropic clitics’ select as their prosodic host any stressed word preceding their syntactic host without forming a semantic unit. This enclitic behaviour of forms that in the historically attested stages of Baltic, Germanic and Armenian are prepositions and verbal and nominal prefixes is argued to explain their seemingly aberrant phonological developments: the shortening of Lithuanian (preverbal) nu‐ and pri‐ beside (prenominal) núo‐ and príe‐ due to Leskien's law, the operation of Verner's law in Proto‐Germanic *ga‐ beside residual *ham‐ from Proto‐Indo‐European *kom‐ and of Verner's law or assimilatory voicing in Proto‐Gmc *du‐, and the behaviour of the Armenian prepositions / prefixes betraying word‐internal position e.g. in the reduction of the affricate /dz/ to /z/ in Arm z‐. After the local adverbs passed through a phase of ditropic behaviour in all three proto‐languages, the mismatch between prosody and morphosyntax was resolved by a ‘prosodic jump’, phonologically attaching the local adverbs to their semantic and syntactic hosts.
Hartog's Account of Historical Times and the Rise of Presentism
Authors: BOUTON CHRISTOPHE 
Published: March 2019

AbstractIn his book Regimes of Historicity: Presentism and Experiences of Time (2003; Engl. trans. 2015), Hartog develops a new notion, that of the ‘regime of historicity’, with a view to describing the different relations societies entertain with their own historicity, their different ‘experiences of time’. He applies this concept to our present epoch, which, according to him, makes available a new experience of time, founded in the primacy of the present: presentism. This diagnosis is advanced as a hypothesis which itself exhibits two sides, depending on whether presentism is thought as a provisional phase or whether, on the contrary, it is taken to be a durable state, our new ‘regime of historicity’. In this article, I want to come to terms with the epistemological and semantic status of the concept of a ‘regime of historicity’, situated at the intersection of anthropology (1) and of the theory of history developed in the German tradition (Reinhart Koselleck) (2). Then, I would like to examine the way in which Hartog makes use of this concept as a methodological instrument, making it possible for him to distinguish several regimes of historicity and to lay them out periodically (3). Finally, I would like to discuss the thesis of a contemporary ‘presentism’ in both of its two versions, ‘stopgap’ or ‘new state’ (4). Hence my question: how far can our contemporary experience of time be reduced to the category of ‘presentism’?
Multi‐trajectories of antidepressant and antipsychotic use: a 11‐year naturalistic study in a community‐based sample
Authors: Verdoux H. , Pambrun E. , Tournier M. , Cortaredona S. , Verger P. 
Published: March 2019

ObjectiveTo explore the temporal dynamic of antidepressant and antipsychotic co‐prescribing in real‐life conditions.MethodsThe study was performed using reimbursement data from the French Insurance Healthcare system in a cohort of 118 454 persons with at least one dispensing of antidepressants and/or antipsychotics over the period 2006–2016. Latent class analyses were used to identify homogeneous groups of persons following similar multi‐trajectories of antidepressant and/or antipsychotic dispensing. Multivariate polynomial logistic regression models were used to explore the characteristics independently associated with distinct trajectories.ResultsFive multi‐trajectories of antidepressant and/or antipsychotic dispensing were identified: more than half of the sample (58%) had very low antidepressant and antipsychotic use; two groups had chronic (12%) or decreasing (11%) antidepressant use with very low antipsychotic use; two groups used both antidepressants and antipsychotics simultaneously either in an increasing (12%) or chronic (7%) way. Persons with chronic antidepressant–antipsychotic use presented with markers of poor social and mental health conditions.ConclusionsMost persons using antipsychotics over the follow‐up also used antidepressants over the same period. The benefit/risk ratio of these prescribing practices should be further explored as the long‐term efficacy of antidepressant–antipsychotic polypharmacy is poorly documented, while this combination increases the risk of adverse effects.
Effects of pruning on the concentration of macronutrients in Colophospermum mopane leaves
Authors: Makhado Rudzani A. , Potgieter Martin J. , Luus‐Powell Wilmien J. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractDespite the nutritional value of Colophospermum mopane leaves to browser's diets, there is limited knowledge on the effect of browsers on the concentration of macronutrients in mopane leaves. A field experiment was conducted in Musina Nature Reserve, Limpopo Province, South Africa to determine the effect of pruning, a proxy for browsing, on the concentration of macronutrients in mopane leaves. Samples were analysed for calcium (Ca), potassium (K), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), sulphur (S), chlorine (Cl), magnesium (Mg), nitrate (NO3), sodium (Na), protein and fibre, using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry techniques. The effect of pruning on the monthly concentration of macronutrients was tested using a two‐tailed t test: two‐sample assuming equal variance. The seasonal and annual effect of pruning on the concentration of macronutrients was tested using a one‐way ANOVA. Results showed that the amount of Ca, K, N, P, S, Cl, Na, protein and fibre increased during leaf flush in October and then declined as the leaves matured and aged. However, the concentration of Mg and NO3 increased when the leaves reached maturity in June, particularly during senescence stage, and declined thereafter. The concentration of macronutrients between the control and pruned trees was statistically insignificant for most samples.
When Should We Use Unit Fixed Effects Regression Models for Causal Inference with Longitudinal Data?
Authors: Imai Kosuke , Kim In Song 
Published: March 2019

AbstractMany researchers use unit fixed effects regression models as their default methods for causal inference with longitudinal data. We show that the ability of these models to adjust for unobserved time‐invariant confounders comes at the expense of dynamic causal relationships, which are permitted under an alternative selection‐on‐observables approach. Using the nonparametric directed acyclic graph, we highlight two key causal identification assumptions of unit fixed effects models: Past treatments do not directly influence current outcome, and past outcomes do not affect current treatment. Furthermore, we introduce a new nonparametric matching framework that elucidates how various unit fixed effects models implicitly compare treated and control observations to draw causal inference. By establishing the equivalence between matching and weighted unit fixed effects estimators, this framework enables a diverse set of identification strategies to adjust for unobservables in the absence of dynamic causal relationships between treatment and outcome variables. We illustrate the proposed methodology through its application to the estimation of GATT membership effects on dyadic trade volume.
Bedside tests for predicting difficult airways: an abridged Cochrane diagnostic test accuracy systematic review
Authors: Roth D. , Pace N. L. , Lee A. , Hovhannisyan K. , Warenits A. M. , Arrich J. , Herkner H. 
Published: March 2019

SummaryAlthough bedside screening tests are routinely used to identify people at high risk of having a difficult airway, their clinical utility is unclear. We estimated the diagnostic accuracy of commonly used bedside examination tests for assessing the airway in adult patients without apparent anatomical abnormalities scheduled to undergo general anaesthesia. We searched for studies that reported our pre‐specified bedside index screening tests against a reference standard, published in any language, from date of inception to 16 December 2016, in seven bibliographic databases. We included 133 studies (127 cohort type and 6 case–control) involving 844,206 participants. Overall, their methodological quality (according to QUADAS‐2, a standard tool for assessing quality of diagnostic accuracy studies) was moderate to high. Our pre‐specified tests were: the Mallampati test (6 studies); modified Mallampati test (105 studies); Wilson risk score (6 studies); thyromental distance (52 studies); sternomental distance (18 studies); mouth opening test (34 studies); and the upper lip bite test (30 studies). Difficult facemask ventilation, difficult laryngoscopy, difficult intubation and failed intubation were the reference standards in seven, 92, 50 and two studies, respectively. Across all reference standards, we found all index tests had relatively low sensitivities, with high variability, but specificities were consistently and markedly higher than sensitivities. For difficult laryngoscopy, the sensitivity and specificity (95%CI) of the upper lip bite test were 0.67 (0.45–0.83) and 0.92 (0.86–0.95), respectively; upper lip bite test sensitivity (95%CI) was significantly higher than that for the mouth opening test (0.22, 0.13–0.33; p < 0.001). For difficult tracheal intubation, the modified Mallampati test had a significantly higher sensitivity (95%CI) at 0.51 (0.40–0.61) compared with mouth opening (0.27, 0.16–0.41; p < 0.001) and thyromental distance (0.24, 0.12–0.43; p < 0.001). Although the upper lip bite test showed the most favourable diagnostic test accuracy properties, none of the common bedside screening tests is well suited for detecting unanticipated difficult airways, as many of them are missed.
Systematic review: economic evaluations of HCV screening in the direct‐acting antivirals era
Authors: Cortesi Paolo Angelo , Barca Roberta , Giudicatti Giulia , Mossini Sergio , Ciaccio Antonio , Iannazzo Sergio , Micale Mariangela , Cesana Giancarlo , Mantovani Lorenzo Giovanni 
Published: March 2019

SummaryBackgroundThe World Health Organization estimated that 90% of the infected people need to be diagnosed and 80% need to be treated to reach the aim of hepatitis C virus (HCV) elimination by 2030. For this reason, all possible strategies to detect and treat HCV‐infected people need to be carefully evaluated to implement the best one.AimTo review and synthesise the economic evaluations of HCV screening programs conducted in the era of direct‐acting antiviral agents regimens.MethodsA systematic literature review was conducted until April 2018 to provide information on the costs and effectiveness of HCV screenings in direct‐acting antiviral agents era. A critical assessment of the quality of economic evaluations retrieved was conducted.ResultsThe literature search identified 716 references; 17 of them assessed cost and effectiveness of screening programs and antiviral treatments in different populations: general population (n = 7), drug users (n = 5), high‐risk populations (n = 4) and other populations (n = 3). The HCV screening and direct‐acting antiviral agents treatment appear to be good value for money, both in general and high‐risk populations, if a cost per quality adjusted life years of $50 000 is set as willingness to pay threshold. Some studies showed the value of including lower stage of fibrosis in the treatment selection criteria.ConclusionsSeveral HCV screening strategies plus direct‐acting antiviral agents treatments resulted cost‐effectiveness in different populations. However, there is still need of country and population‐specific evaluations within the different HCV screening and treatment strategies available, in order to assess their cost‐effectiveness and sustainability and fully support an evidence‐informed policy for HCV elimination.
Effects of proton pump inhibitors, esomeprazole and vonoprazan, on the disposition of proguanil, a CYP2C19 substrate, in healthy volunteers
Authors: Funakoshi Ryohkan , Tomoda Yukana , Kudo Toshiyuki , Furihata Kenichi , Kusuhara Hiroyuki , Ito Kiyomi 
Published: March 2019

AimsVonoprazan, a new class of potassium‐competitive proton pump inhibitors has been found to attenuate the antiplatelet function of clopidogrel in a recent clinical study, despite weak in vitro activity against CYP2C19. To elucidate the mechanism of this interaction, the present study investigated the effects of esomeprazole and vonoprazan on the pharmacokinetics of proguanil, a CYP2C19 substrate.MethodsSeven healthy male volunteers (CYP2C19 extensive metabolizers) received a single oral administration of 100 mg proguanil/250 mg atovaquone (control phase), oral esomeprazole (20 mg) for 5 days followed by proguanil/atovaquone (esomeprazole phase) and oral vonoprazan (20 mg) for 5 days followed by proguanil/atovaquone (vonoprazan phase). Concentrations of proguanil and its metabolite, cycloguanil, in plasma and urine in each phase were determined using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry.ResultsCoadministration with proton pump inhibitors resulted in increase and decrease in the area under the plasma concentration–time curve (AUC) of proguanil and cycloguanil, respectively, significantly reducing their AUC ratio (cycloguanil/proguanil) to 0.317‐fold (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.256–0.379) and 0.507‐fold (95% CI 0.409–0.605) in esomeprazole phase and vonoprazan phase, respectively. Esomeprazole and vonoprazan also significantly reduced the apparent formation clearance (cumulative amount of cycloguanil in urine divided by AUC of proguanil) to 0.324‐fold (95% CI 0.212–0.436) and 0.433‐fold (95% CI 0.355–0.511), respectively, without significant changes in renal clearance of proguanil and cycloguanil.ConclusionsAlthough further studies are needed, both esomeprazole and vonoprazan potentially inhibit CYP2C19 at clinical doses, suggesting caution in the coadministration of these drugs with CYP2C19 substrates.
Nectin‐2 in ovarian cancer: How is it expressed and what might be its functional role?
Authors: Bekes Inga , Löb Sanja , Holzheu Iris , Janni Wolfgang , Baumann Lisa , Wöckel Achim , Wulff Christine 
Published: March 2019

Nectin‐2 is an adhesion molecule that has been reported to play a role in tumor growth, metastasis and tumor angiogenesis. Herein, we investigated Nectin‐2 in ovarian cancer patients and in cell culture. Tumor as well as peritoneal biopsies of 60 ovarian cancer patients and 22 controls were dual stained for Nectin‐2 and CD31 using immunohistochemistry. Gene expression of Nectin‐2 was quantified by real‐time PCR and differences analyzed in relation to various tumor characteristics. In the serum of patients, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was quantified by ELISA. Effect of VEGF on Nectin‐2 expression as well as permeability was investigated in HUVEC. In tumor biopsies, Nectin‐2 protein was mainly localized in tumor cells, whereas in peritoneal biopsies, clear colocalization was found in the vasculature. T3 patients had a significantly higher percentage of positive lymph nodes and this correlated with survival. Nectin‐2 was significantly upregulated in tumor biopsies in patients with lymph node metastasis and with residual tumor >1 cm after surgery. Nectin‐2 expression was significantly suppressed in the peritoneal endothelium of patients associated with significantly increased VEGF serum levels. In cell culture, VEGF stimulation led to a significant downregulation of Nectin‐2 which was reversed by VEGF‐inhibition. In addition, Nectin‐2 knockdown in endothelial cells was associated with significantly increased endothelial permeability. Nectin‐2 expression in ovarian cancer may support tumor cell adhesion, leading to growth and lymph node metastasis. In addition, VEGF‐induced Nectin‐2 suppression in peritoneal endothelium may support an increase in vascular permeability leading to ascites production.