bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
External validation of the novel International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) Gleason grading groups in a large contemporary Canadian cohort
Authors: Davis Bondarenko Helen , Zanaty Marc , Harmouch Sabrina S. , Negrean Cristina , Pompe Raisa S. , Liberman Daniel , Bhojani Naeem , Karakiewicz Pierre I. , Zorn Kevin C. , El-Hakim Assaad 
Published: June 2018

Introduction: We sought to test the discriminatory ability of the 2014 International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) Gleason grading groups (GGG) for predicting biochemical recurrence (BCR) after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) in a large, contemporary, Canadian cohort.
Methods: A total of 621 patients who underwent RARP in two major Canadian centres were identified in a prospectively maintained Canadian database between 2006 and 2016. Followup endpoint was BCR. Log-rank test, univariable, and multivariable Cox regression analyses were used.
Results: Mean followup was 27.9 months. All five ISUP GGG independently predicted BCR. Statistically significant differences in BCR rates were found between GGG 2 and GGG 3 strata (p<<0.001). No statistically significant differences in BCR rates were found between GGG 4 and GGG 5 strata (p=0.3). Relative to GGG 1, the GGG 2, GGG 3, GGG 4, and GGG 5 yielded a 1.10-, 3.44-, 4.18-, and 4.74-fold hazard ratio (HR) increment in BCR, respectively.
Conclusions: This population-based Canadian cohort study confirms the added discriminatory property of the novel ISUP grading, specifically for GGG 2 and GGG 3 strata. No difference, however, was observed between GGG 4 and GGG 5, likely due to the lower number of patients in these groups. As such, after external validation, the 2014 ISUP GGG appears to retain clinical prognostic significance in a Canadian population.
A survey of Canadian renal transplant surgeons: Use of ureteric stents and technique of the ureteroneocystotomy
Authors: Reynolds Luke F. , Kroczak Tad , Honey R. John , Pace Kenneth T. , Lee Jason Y. , Ordon Michael 
Published: June 2018

Introduction: The role of ureteric stenting in renal transplant has been well-demonstrated. The goal of this survey was to determine the use of ureteric stents by Canadian transplant surgeons and how the ureteroneocystotomy and followup is performed.
Methods: An online survey was sent to the 40 surgeon members of the Canadian Society of Transplantation. The primary outcome was the rate of ureteric stent use at the time of renal transplantation. The secondary outcomes were the ureteric stent dwell time, use and type of prophylactic antibiotics, and the use of routine post-transplant ultrasonography.
Results: All respondents (25) used ureteric stent routinely and 92% remove the stent between four and six weeks postoperatively. Prophylactic antibiotics were used 64% of the time for ureteric stent removal. The majority of surgeons do not routinely perform a post-stent removal ultrasound. Fifty-six percent of respondents perform a refluxing anastomosis.
Conclusions: Ureteric stents are routinely used in renal transplant in Canada. Areas for improvement and topics of debate identified from this survey are the need for peri-stent removal antibiotics, the role of post-stent removal ultrasound, the duration of stent dwell time, and the need for a non-refluxing ureteroneocystotomy.
Tenietgaan van zekerheidsrechten door contractsoverneming
Authors: Huizingh M. 
Published: June 2018

Tenietgaan van zekerheidsrechten door contractsoverneming
Het overnemen van contracten komt veel voor in de praktijk, maar lang niet alle rechtsgevolgen van contractsoverneming zijn algemeen bekend. Weinig bekendheid geniet bijvoorbeeld het feit dat zekerheidsrechten teniet kunnen gaan door contractsoverneming. Partijen die zich daar niet van bewust zijn, lopen het risico dat hun verhaalspositie ongemerkt en ongewild verslechtert. Wie de wettelijke regeling over het tenietgaan van zekerheidsrechten bij overgang van contracten daarentegen goed kent en toepast, kan daar zijn voordeel mee doen. In dit artikel wordt beschreven welke zekerheden kunnen vervallen, hoe dit kan worden voorkomen of eventueel juist kan worden benut.
Detailhandelaren en leveranciers in distributieland treden toe tot het walhalla van de Dienstenrichtlijn
Authors: Spanjaard J.H.M. 
Published: June 2018

Detailhandelaren en leveranciers in distributieland treden toe tot het walhalla van de Dienstenrichtlijn
De Dienstenrichtlijn is op 28 december 2009 geïmplementeerd in het BW. De regeling in het BW bevat een eigen, van artikel 6:234 BW afwijkende, lichte wijze van informeren over algemene voorwaarden. Omdat de informatieplicht onder de Dienstenrichtlijn lichter is dan die onder het BW, streven veel partijen naar de status van dienstverrichter. Op 30 januari 2018 oordeelde het HvJ EU dat ook detailhandel en distributiehandel onder het bereik van de Dienstenrichtlijn vallen. De reikwijdte van dit arrest valt niet te onderschatten, De gevolgen van dit arrest voor de algemenevoorwaardenregeling in het BW worden besproken.
A dêixis pessoal na aquisição de linguagem: uma perspectiva enunciativa
Authors: Ferreira Júnior José Temístocles , Azevedo Natanael Duarte de 
Published: June 2018

Neste artigo, buscaremos discutir o processo de enunciação a partir da relação mãe-bebê, observando o uso dos dêiticos pessoais pela mãe e sua emergência na fala do bebê enquanto marca do processo de subjetivação. Para isso, utilizaremos as considerações de Benveniste a respeito do processo enunciativo, no que diz respeito ao funcionamento dos pronomes pessoais eu-tu. Analisamos, de forma interpretativa, dados longitudinais de uma díade mãe-bebê ao longo de 36 meses de vida da criança em situação naturalística de interação. Os resultados mostram que, ao analisar o uso dos dêiticos pessoais na relação dialógica, é possível compreender a marcação dos papéis discursivos assumidos na interação como constitutivos da própria subjetividade e também o processo de enunciação por parte do infans.
Stratégies d’encadrement favorisant l’insertion professionnelle des nouveaux enseignants issus de l’immigration : l’apport du leadership
Authors: Gravelle France , Duchesne Claire 
Published: June 2018

Puisque le Canada accueille de nombreux immigrants chaque année, l’embauche de nouveaux enseignants issus de l’immigration est une pratique de plus en plus courante au pays. Les études portant sur la transition à l’emploi vécue par les enseignants francophones issus de l’immigration sont peu nombreuses. C’est pour cette raison qu’il s’avère important de s’interroger à propos des caractéristiques du leadership à adopter ainsi que des stratégies d’encadrement à préconiser par les directions d’école afin de permettre aux nouveaux enseignants issus de l’immigration de vivre une insertion réussie au sein de la profession. Cet article a donc pour but de présenter les résultats d’une recherche qualitative qui a permis d’examiner le Cadre de leadership de l’Ontario préconisant les trois « C » (Leadership Competencies, Character and Commitment) au regard de l’expérience vécue par six directions d’école ayant supervisé du nouveau personnel enseignant issu de l’immigration.
Le voile, l’alcool et l’accent. La « diversité » à l’épreuve du racisme vécu
Authors: Garneau Stéphanie 
Published: June 2018

Ces dernières années, l’État québécois s’est adonné à un « utilitarisme migratoire » que la rhétorique de la diversité ne fait que proroger. Ses lois et politiques semblent sous-entendre que les qualifications élevées des migrants les préserveront de la discrimination et du racisme et leur permettront de contribuer pleinement à l’essor économique du Québec. À partir d’une recherche réalisée auprès de quarante migrants marocains qualifiés installés au Québec ou retournés au Maroc, cet article expose d’abord les signes sur lesquels s’érigent les attributions identitaires et les formes de racisme vécues au quotidien. Il montre ensuite comment les migrants classent et hiérarchisent leurs expériences du racisme. L’article conclut sur le caractère dynamique et continu de l’épreuve raciste et s’intéresse à la contribution éventuelle de la rhétorique de la diversité à l’entretien d’un racisme « ordinaire ».
Rapport à l’école de parents récemment immigrés. Contexte migratoire et représentations sociales
Authors: Charette Josée , Kalubi Jean-Claude 
Published: June 2018

Cet article vise à mieux comprendre les représentations sociales (RS) de parents immigrants sur l’école et la scolarisation de leurs enfants en considérant des éléments relatifs à leur prémigration et à leur établissement dans la société d’accueil. Par une démarche qualitative, exploratoire et interprétative, des données ont été recueillies auprès de 25 familles immigrées au Québec depuis 6 mois à 9 ans. Nos résultats montrent la nécessité de considérer la rationalité de la migration pour mieux comprendre les prises de position de parents sur la persévérance scolaire. La prise en considération de défis liés à l’insertion socioprofessionnelle et au processus d’acculturation apporte également un éclairage sur des prises de position de parents à l’égard de l’enseignement de l’anglais et de valeurs de socialisation véhiculées à l’école ou perçues comme telles.
Scraping marking behaviour of the largest Neotropical felids
Authors: Palomares Francisco , González-Borrajo Noa , Chávez Cuauhtémoc , Rubio Yamel , Verdade Luciano M. , Monsa Rocio , Harmsen Bart , Adrados Begoña , Zanin Marina 
Published: June 2018

Background
Details of how, why and in what conditions large felids make scrapes is unknown. Here, we examined the general hypothesis about the use of scrapes for marking proposals, as well as to communicate with other individuals to signalize particular points or areas of interest, by studying scrape-marking behaviour of jaguars and pumas.

Methods
We surveyed by scrapes between five days and two months mainly during dry season in five study areas from Mexico (El Edén and San Ignacio), Belize (Cockscomb) and Brazil (Angatuba and Serra das Almas), which differed in presence and/or abundance of jaguars and pumas. Paths were slowly walked while searching for scrapes by teams normally composed of two people and tracks were stored in GPS, distinguishing the type of path surveyed (unpaved track roads, trails and cross-country).

Results
We found a total of 269 felid scrapes along 467 km of paths surveyed, obtaining a finding rate of 0.576 scrapes per km. Most scrapes were found in car tracks (0.629 scrapes per km), followed by trails (0.581 scrapes per km), and rarely did we find scrapes in cross country (0.094 scrapes per km). In trails, scrapes were found in a similar frequency in the centre and edge, whereas in car tracks they were mainly found in the edge. There were also clear differences in the position of the scrapes between study areas that differed in presence and/or abundance of pumas and jaguars, with scrapes located mainly in the centre in areas only with pumas, in the centre and in the edge in areas with a similar number of jaguars and pumas, and in the edge in area mainly dominated by jaguars. The remarking rate tended to be higher in one of the areas with only pumas where natural vegetation was scarcer. Felids chose sites mainly covered by leaves and located in paths less wide, clean and rarely used.

Discussion
Scraping was a frequent behaviour in the largest felids of America, although in some areas, scraping behaviour was rare. Scrapes seem to be signalizing some specific areas within territories and data suggest that they are made with the proposal of communication between individuals. It seems that a high scraping behaviour in pumas is not related to the presence of jaguars.
Floating nurseries? Scyphozoan jellyfish, their food and their rich symbiotic fauna in a tropical estuary
Authors: Riascos José M. , Aguirre Willington , Hopfe Charlotte , Morales Diego , Navarrete Ángela , Tavera José 
Published: June 2018

BackgroundThe anthropogenic modification of trophic pathways is seemingly prompting the increase of jellyfish populations at the expense of planktivorous fishes. However, gross generalizations are often made because the most basic aspects of trophic ecology and the diverse interactions of jellyfish with fishes remain poorly described. Here we inquire on the dynamics of food consumption of the medusoid stage of the scyphozoan jellyfishStomolophus meleagrisand characterize the traits and diversity of its symbiotic community.MethodsS. meleagrisand their associated fauna were sampled in surface waters between November 2015 and April 2017 in Málaga Bay, an estuarine system at the Colombian Pacific. Stomach contents of medusae were examined and changes in prey composition and abundance over time analysed using a multivariate approach. The associated fauna was identified and the relationship between the size of medusae and the size those organisms tested using least-square fitting procedures.ResultsThe presence ofS. meleagrismedusa in surface waters was seasonal. The gut contents analysis revealed that algae, copepods and fish early life stages were the more abundant items, and PERMANOVA analysis showed that the diet differed within the seasons (P(perm) = 0.001) but not between seasons (P(perm) = 0.134). The majority of the collected medusae (50.4%) were associated with individuals of 11 symbiotic species, 95.3% of them fishes, 3.1% crustaceans and 1.6% molluscs. Therefore, this study reports 10 previously unknown associations. The bell diameter ofS. meleagriswas positively related to the body sizes of their symbionts. However, a stronger fit was observed when the size relationship betweenS. meleagrisand the fishHemicaranx zeloteswas modelled.DiscussionThe occurrence ofS. meleagriswas highly seasonal, and the observed patterns of mean body size through the seasons suggested the arrival of adult medusae to the estuary from adjacent waters. The diet ofS. meleagrisin the study area showed differences with previous reports, chiefly because of the abundance of algae that are seemingly ingested but not digested. The low number of zooplanktonic items in gut contents suggest the contribution of alternative food sources not easily identifiable. The observed changes in the composition of food in the guts probably reflect seasonal changes in the availability of prey items. The regular pattern in the distribution of symbionts among medusae (a single symbiont per host) and the positive host-symbiont size relationship reflects antagonistic intraspecific and interspecific behaviour of the symbiont. This strongly suggest that medusa represent an “economically defendable resource” that potentially increases the survival and recruitment of the symbionts to the adult population. We argue that, if this outcome of the symbiotic association can be proven, scyphozoan jellyfish can be regarded as floating nurseries.
Guardians of Oocyte Quality
Authors: Ruebel Meghan L , Latham Keith E 
Published: June 2018

Abstract

Oocyte quality is fundamental to assisted reproduction, agricultural livestock productivity and species preservation. Mammalian oocytes develop in close coordination with somatic follicle cells of the ovary, and manifest remarkable molecular mechanisms that serve as guardians of oocyte quality and integrity. Genome and mitochondrial integrity are major aspects of oocyte quality determination. Ongoing research is revealing the details of these mechanisms, and how they help protect oocytes from detrimental effects of exogenous factors.

Key Concepts

Oocyte quality is essential for assisted reproduction success.

Development of the oocyte involves an intricate set of bidirectional signals between the oocyte, cumulus cells and follicular fluid components, which can impact the quality of the oocyte.

Chromosome segregation and adaptability to DNA damage are critical for the integrity of oocyte's genome.

Energy production, proper distribution of mitochondria and regulation of fusion/fission are essential for maintaining the integrity of the mitochondria and oocyte developmental competence.

Overall, oocyte maturation and development is a highly regulated process, and disruption in this process could comprise the mitochondrial and genomic integrity, further impacting the health of the oocytes.

There are a variety of extrinsic factors, such as maternal health, maternal diet and environmental exposures, that can further impact oocyte quality.

Therapies such as antioxidant, melatonin, CoQ10 and resveratrol treatments have been suggested to improve oocyte quality, but more studies are needed to determine efficacy.

Novel biomarkers of oocyte quality need to be discovered.
The 3′
UTR
Landscape in Cancer
Authors: Schmidt Ralf , Ghosh Souvik , Zavolan Mihaela 
Published: June 2018

Abstract

Oncogenesis is tightly connected with dysregulated gene expression. Alterations occur at many levels, including in posttranscriptional regulatory elements that control the stability, cellular localisation or translation efficiency of messenger ribonucleic acids (mRNAs). These elements are located primarily in the 3′ untranslated region (UTR) of mRNAs. Multiple examples are known of oncogenes whose activity and function become altered owing to changes in their 3′ UTRs. Strikingly, recent studies have uncovered global changes of 3′ UTRs in cancers, going beyond individual genes. Cancer cells express transcripts with systematically shorter 3′ UTRs compared to normal cells. The implications of these changes for cellular biology are poorly understood, but high‐throughput approaches are being developed to uncover the regulators, targets and impact of 3′ UTR‐based regulation. The hope is that a renewed understanding of 3′ UTR alterations can open new therapeutic opportunities.

Key Concepts

The maturation of most messenger RNAs includes 3′ end cleavage followed by the addition of a polyadenosine tail.

Most human protein‐coding genes express multiple isoforms, which can differ, among others, in their 3′ untranslated regions (3′ UTRs).

In proliferating cells, including cancer cells, cleavage and polyadenylation tend to occur at coding region proximal sites, giving rise to isoforms with short 3′ UTRs.

As 3′ UTRs contain binding sites for many RNA‐binding regulatory proteins, it is likely that short 3′ UTR isoforms are less susceptible to posttranscriptional regulation.

A role of 3′ UTR length changes in the progression and prognosis of cancers has been proposed.
Tuning Transition Properties of Stimuli‐Responsive Brushes by Polydispersity
Authors: Qi Shuanhu , Klushin Leonid I. , Skvortsov Alexander M. , Liu Mingjie , Zhou Jiajia , Schmid Friederike 
Published: June 2018

AbstractA new design for sensors and switches based on polymer brushes including a small fraction of end‐grafted adsorption‐active minority chains has been proposed recently. The switching transition is controlled by temperature or solvent composition changes and is linked to a sharp change from a flattened adsorbed conformation to a stretched conformation. Two characteristics are most important for the switch performance: the sharpness of the transition affecting the switch sensitivity, and the response time. Herein, Monte Carlo simulations are used to study the effects of brush polydispersity on the main properties of the switching transition. The chain length distribution is taken to be of Schulz–Zimm type, and different values of the polydispersity index are considered. Contrary to intuitive expectations, polydispersity enhances the performance of the switch, in particular by reducing the activation barrier controlling the response time. Polydispersity also dramatically increases the robustness of the switch with respect to modifications of the adsorption‐active switch chains.
Tunable High‐Performance Microwave Absorption of Co1–xS Hollow Spheres Constructed by Nanosheets within Ultralow Filler Loading
Authors: Zhang Xiao‐Juan , Zhu Jia‐Qiang , Yin Peng‐Gang , Guo Ao‐Ping , Huang An‐Ping , Guo Lin , Wang Guang‐Sheng 
Published: June 2018

AbstractAbsorbers with lightweight, low filler loading and broad absorption band are highly desirable for electromagnetic wave absorption field. Here, hollow Co1–xS microspheres constructed by nanosheets are fabricated via a facile synthetic method based on hydrothermal route. As an efficient wave absorber, the Co1–xS hollow spheres demonstrate excellent microwave absorption performance. With a weight content of only 3 wt%, the maximum reflection loss (RL) can reach as strong as −46.1 dB at 13.92 GHz and its qualified frequency bandwidth (with RL value over −10 dB) remarkably achieves 5.6 GHz, covering 35% of the entire measured bandwidth. In addition, compared with other cobalt sulfides (such as CoS2 and Co9S8), the Co1–xS microspheres with hollow structure exhibit more superior absorption intensity and broader qualified bandwidth. Therefore, this work provides a promising approach for the design and synthesis of hollow Co1–xS microspheres with lightweight and high‐performance microwave absorption.
Recent Progress in Biomimetic Additive Manufacturing Technology: From Materials to Functional Structures
Authors: Yang Yang , Song Xuan , Li Xiangjia , Chen Zeyu , Zhou Chi , Zhou Qifa , Chen Yong 
Published: June 2018

AbstractNature has developed high‐performance materials and structures over millions of years of evolution and provides valuable sources of inspiration for the design of next‐generation structural materials, given the variety of excellent mechanical, hydrodynamic, optical, and electrical properties. Biomimicry, by learning from nature's concepts and design principles, is driving a paradigm shift in modern materials science and technology. However, the complicated structural architectures in nature far exceed the capability of traditional design and fabrication technologies, which hinders the progress of biomimetic study and its usage in engineering systems. Additive manufacturing (three‐dimensional (3D) printing) has created new opportunities for manipulating and mimicking the intrinsically multiscale, multimaterial, and multifunctional structures in nature. Here, an overview of recent developments in 3D printing of biomimetic reinforced mechanics, shape changing, and hydrodynamic structures, as well as optical and electrical devices is provided. The inspirations are from various creatures such as nacre, lobster claw, pine cone, flowers, octopus, butterfly wing, fly eye, etc., and various 3D‐printing technologies are discussed. Future opportunities for the development of biomimetic 3D‐printing technology to fabricate next‐generation functional materials and structures in mechanical, electrical, optical, and biomedical engineering are also outlined.
Epoxy‐Containing Copolymers: A Versatile Toolbox for Functional Nanofiber Mats with Desired Chemical Functionalities
Authors: Lee Hoik , An Sol , Kim Sukjoo , Jeon Bokyoung , Paeng Keewook , Kim Ick Soo , Kim Myungwoong 
Published: June 2018

AbstractSimple, versatile, efficient, and readily scalable chemical routes using epoxy‐containing copolymers to achieve complex polymeric structures exhibiting desired chemical functionalities are demonstrated. As proof of concept, Janus nanofiber mats are fabricated. As epoxide groups in the copolymer can react with various nucleophiles such as amine, alcohol, and thiol, single‐side functionalization with a primary amine containing dopamine by floating on an aqueous dopamine solution is shown. The other side can be further modified with thiol‐containing molecules via thiol–epoxy click chemistry, elucidating effectiveness of copolymer as a versatile toolbox to impart desirable functionalities toward a variety of surfaces.
4‐Dimethylaminopyridine‐Catalyzed Regioselective [3+2] Cycloaddition of Isatin‐Derived Morita−Baylis−Hillman Adducts with Azo Esters: A Simple Protocol to Access 3‐Spiropyrazole‐2‐oxindoles
Authors: Ren Yue , Meng Ling‐Guo , Peng Tao , Zhu Lijuan , Wang Lei 
Published: June 2018

AbstractAn efficient and regioselective 4‐dimethylaminopyridine catalyzed [3+2] cycloaddition of isatin‐derived Morita−Baylis−Hillman adducts with azo esters was developed for the construction of 3‐spiropyrazole‐2‐oxindoles. This protocol generated the desired spiropyrazoles in good to excellent yields with good functional group compatibility under mild reaction conditions.magnified image