bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recycling water in U.S. cities: understanding preferences for aquifer recharging and dual-reticulation systems
Authors: Hess David J. , Collins Brandi M. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Recycling of effluent water from urban water-supply systems is often a more sustainable water source than increased use of surface sources, groundwater sources, and desalination. However, water-supply organizations (WSOs) often do not take full advantage of recycled water. Although recycling water for direct potable use is efficient, public concern with safety has tended to cause WSOs to favor other uses for recycled water. This study examines patterns in the degree of utilization of two main indirect uses of recycled water: dual-reticulation systems and groundwater recharge. Drawing on case studies of four U.S. cities that are leaders in the use of recycled water, the study identifies conditions that favor the choice of one option over the other. Where cities are concerned with groundwater recharge of potable water supplies, they tend to prefer non-recycled water if available for recharge projects. However, where non-recycled water supplies are limited, recycled water may be prioritized for aquifer recharge. Otherwise, the preference is for use by large industrial partners such as power plants or for exchanges for higher-quality potable water resources with rural systems. In contrast, dual-reticulation (purple-pipe) systems for direct nonpotable recycling face steep economic and technical challenges.
Renal Alterations Induced by the Venom of Colombian Scorpion Centruroides Margaritatus
Authors: Galíndez-Cerón J.D. , Jorge R.J.B. , Chavez-Acosta M.H. , Jorge A.R.C. , Alves N.T.Q. , Prata M.M.G. , Rodrigues F.A. de Paulo , Havt A. , Sampaio T.L. , Martins A.M.C. , Guerrero-Vargas J.A. , Monteiro H.S.A. , Beltrán-Vidal J.T. 
Published: October 2019

Background:Scorpion venom causes renal injury and affects vascular ion-channels function. Centruroides margaritatus scorpion is found in Colombia and is frequently the cause of envenomation accidents; however, its renal impact has never been investigated.Objective:To evaluate the effects of C. margaritatus venom (CmV) on renal parameters using isolated rat kidney and renal cell culture models.Methods:Wistar rats (n = 5, weighing 240-300 g) were first perfused with Krebs-Henseleit solution containing 6 g 100 mL-1 bovine serum albumin. After 30 minutes, the kidneys were perfused with CmV to a final concentration of 10 μgmL-1; evaluation was performed by measuring Perfusion Pressure (PP), Renal Vascular Resistance (RVR), Urinary Flow (UF), Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR), and percentage of electrolyte tubular transport. Moreover, kidney histological analyses and cell cytotoxicity in renal tubule epithelial cells (MDCK) and proximal tubular cells (LLC-MK2) were assessed.Results:CmV increased PP and RVR 60 min after perfusion. On the other hand, UF, GFR, and the percentages of sodium, potassium and chloride tubular transport decreased after experimental envenomation. UF dropped after 120 min, while GFR and percentage of electrolyte tubular transport diminished after 60, 90 and 120 min. CmV was not toxic to MDCK cell line but reduced the viability of LLC-MK2 cells at concentrations ranging from 6.25 to 200 μgmL-1. Histological analyses disclosed hydropic degeneration, edema, and protein deposits. Flow cytometry disclosed that cell death occurred predominantly by necrosis.Conclusion:Our results suggest that C. margaritatus venom can trigger renal impairment, mainly in the proximal kidney tubule.
Gas Phase Ionization of Toluene: Benzylium Versus Tropylium Pathway
Authors: Nguyen Thao , Aparicio Mario , Saleh Mahmoud A. 
Published: October 2019

Aim:
In this investigation, we used accurate mass high-resolution gas chromatography
mass spectrometry to study the gas phase carbocations rearrangements and fragmentation
of toluene and halo-toluenes as well as their deuterium labeled compounds.

Objective:
Accurate mass of selected ions from ionization of toluene and related compounds
revealed that the initially formed radical cation C7H8
+. does not rearrange to
tropylium radical cation contradicting published literature.

Methods:
When the toluene radical cation was purely selected, it was found to lose a free
radical (hydrogen atom) at collision energies greater than 5 eV and forming benzylium or
tropylium cation C7H7
+ (m/z = 91), with no other fragmentations.

Results:
The resulting cation at collision energy greater than 20 eV fragmented by losing
acetylene or ethylene or allene molecule to form C5H5
+ (m/z = 65), C5H3
+ (m/z = 63) or
C4H3
+ (m/z = 51) respectively. Purely selected C5H5
+ cation at collision energy greater than
30 eV lost acetylene molecule and formed C3H3
+ (m/z =39).

Conclusion:
In this investigation toluene, halotoluene and their deuterated derivatives
(structural isomers) were found to ionize in the gas phase with isomer retention. Historically,
it has been suggested that the seven carbons and hydrogen atoms would become indistinguishable.
However, this should be revised in the light of new technologies.
Entre a aceitação e a fuga: a juventude negra em trânsito nos currículos escolares
Authors: Brito Eliana Póvoas Pereira Estrela 
Published: October 2019

Este artigo beneficia-se de fragmentos extraídos de pesquisas realizadas em uma escola do ensino médio da rede pública do Estado da Bahia. As questões que orientam este estudo residem em acompanhar os movimentos direcionados à subversão dos dogmas, das normatizações e dos mecanismos de controle colocados em funcionamento pelos e nos processos de escolarização. Pergunta-se: é possível escapar das armadilhas das identidades fixadas pelas normativas institucionais? É possível desestabilizar os caprichos da disciplina e seus efeitos sobre os corpos negros? Ao interrogar essas práticas curriculares na perspectiva da diferença, ou ainda, ao perguntar, parafraseando Stuart Hall (2002), “que 'negro' é esse na cultura negra?", o estudo apontou para movimentos de capturas e resistências aos lugares institucionais (pré)vistos pelos planejamentos curriculares. Palavras-chave: Currículo. Diferença. Relações étnico-raciais.
Educomunicação como recurso de midiartivismo
Authors: Freitas Ricardo Oliveira de 
Published: October 2019

Analiso iniciativas de midiartivismo como práticas educomunicativas, a fim de compreender a importância da interseção entre arte e mídia para a elaboração de projetos pedagógicos e, mesmo, políticos. Para tanto, apresento resultados de análises elaboradas acerca de artistas e coletivos de arte compromissados com ações que promovem discussões sobre temas como gênero, sexualidades, raça, etnia e localismos, com o intuito de contribuir para o fortalecimento da democracia, a conquista da cidadania, o desenvolvimento humano e a equidade de direitos. Ao incentivar o uso artístico das tecnologias como instrumento político, afirmo que esse tipo de ativismo promove uma militância que é sempre formativa e pedagógica. Palavras-chave: Midiartivismo. Educação popular. Educomunicação.
Challenges in teacher training: students' assessment of the de chemistry licentiate degree course by the IFMT
Authors: Leão Marcelo Franco , Oliveira Eniz Conceição , Moll Jaqueline 
Published: October 2019

Brazilian education faces many challenges, among which as highlighted in this text, is the need to prepare future teachers with a scientific and humanistic foundation, without neglecting contemporary aspects such as new technologies. The Chemistry Licentiate Degree course offered in the DE modality by the IFMT has contributed towards training teachers of this subject to work in Basic Education. Thus, the objective of this study is to reflect upon the educational conjuncture and identify how the course scholars assess the training process they are receiving. The study is of a descriptive and exploratory survey type from a quantitative approach, that took place during February and March 2017, with 57 course scholars taking part. The data was collected through an electronic form sent via Google Drive that contained 5 Likert scale closed questions to analyze 44 aspects of this training process and its elements. The methodology applied to analyze the collected data was consensus analysis. The results from the calculated scores point that the course meets academic expectations, with the following aspects being best assessed: comprehension of concepts and the effort to perform the activities (such as self-evaluation), selection of the contents covered (referent to the trainers), quality of label information (referent to the VLE), videos (as didactic materials), and questionnaires (as evaluation instruments). The only aspect that received no positive consensus in the assessment were the chats. Therefore, the assessment of the early DE chemistry teacher training is one way of reflecting upon the challenges education faces in contemporary times. Keywords: Educational context. Early training. Training process.
O estágio supervisionado nas licenciaturas do IFPI: aspectos legais e contextos da prática como atividade formativa
Authors: Melo Ana Valéria Borges de Carvalho , Guedes Neide Cavalcante 
Published: October 2019

O artigo tem como objetivo investigar em um primeiro momento os marcos regulatórios do Estágio no Brasil, por meio de uma retrospectiva histórica das legislações que regulamentaram o Estágio Curricular a partir do recorte cronológico e temporal que vai de 1942, com a promulgação da Lei Orgânica do Ensino Industrial, até 2008 com a sanção de Lei Nº 11.788, que dispõe sobre o estágio de estudantes, no sentido de compreender a visão de Estágio contida tanto nos textos legais nacionais quanto nos documentos institucionais do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Estado do Piauí - IFPI. No segundo momento comtemplamos elementos que permeiam o contexto da prática de estágio como atividade formativa obrigatória e requisito fundamental para obtenção do título de licenciando. As reflexões desse trabalho foram feitas à luz de autores como Pimenta (2005), Pimenta e Lima (2004), Piconez (2005), dentre outros. As conclusões se encaminham no sentido de compreender que na relação prática e estágio, perpassa um esforço no sentido de incorporar a legislação nas discussões sobre a formação realizadas pelos estudiosos dessa temática, buscando a superação de questões históricas. Portanto, se faz necessário o reconhecimento dos avanços, notadamente ao se considerar a dimensão prática de todas as disciplinas que compõem o currículo. Palavras-chave: Licenciaturas. Estágio Supervisionado. Formação de Professores. Prática.
Acerca do jovem no mercado de trabalho: uma breve retrospectiva das propostas educativas no ensino profissionalizante no Brasil
Authors: Lôbo Cláudia Barbosa , Gomes Marco Antônio de Oliveira 
Published: October 2019

Neste trabalho analisamos os aspectos históricos, políticos e ideológicos das propostas do ensino profissionalizante no Brasil ao longo do período republicano. Assim, nosso objetivo pautou-se pela análise das justificativas e argumentos que consideram a existência de uma formação deficiente como responsável pela geração da exclusão, miséria e a ausência de mão de obra qualificada para o atendimento das necessidades econômicas do país. Como ponto de partida metodológico, levamos em consideração que a educação, como qualquer outra dimensão das relações sociais, vincula-se intrinsecamente com a estrutura de classes instituídas historicamente. Assim, a questão da educacional não pode ser pensada como se fosse um sistema ou subsistema à parte na vida social. De forma sintética, é possível indicar que o ensino profissionalizante está inserido num modelo dual de educação, que não alterou, nem poderia, a condição de classe dos filhos dos trabalhadores. Por fim, buscamos aporte teórico em autores como Frigotto (2010), Saviani (2011) e Romanelli (1978), considerando as categorias de análise do materialismo histórico e dialético. Palavras-chave: Educação Profissionalizante. Mercado de Trabalho. Educação Brasileira.
Percursos de autoria e subjetivação: entre rodas, rimas e clipes
Authors: Weihmüller Valentina Carranza , Silva Andréa Costa da , Siqueira Vera Helena Ferraz de 
Published: October 2019

Neste artigo analisamos a construção de autoria e processos de subjetivação por um coletivo de hip hop que organiza rodas culturais, no complexo de favelas de Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro. As rodas culturais são iniciativas de caráter público, ligadas ao movimento hip hop e de recente surgimento na cena carioca. Com esse cenário, buscamos entender tais eventos e textos, em sua modalidade ao vivo, bem como nas mídias digitais. Compreendemos as rodas como instâncias culturais geradoras de processos de subjetivação e posições de sujeito, em suas dimensões: política, pedagógica, identitária e simbólica. Com base nos estudos culturais em sua vertente pós-estruturalista, assumimos as rimas, os eventos e as performances presentes nas rodas como artefatos discursivos, os quais nos fazem acreditar que na construção de autoria os/as jovens manifestam relevante agência na esfera cultural (urbana e digital), que é ao mesmo tempo pedagógica e política. Ao vislumbrarmos aspectos da construção de autoria, observamos os mecanismos de apropriação e criação de posições de sujeito que operam na produção e circulação de subjetivações, evidenciando como os/as jovens metaforizam e ironizam, a fim de denunciar e refletir sobre as violências e opressões diretas sobre a vida e os corpos, bem como sobre as objetivações normalizandoras e inferiorizantes que atuam nas formas de pensar, relacionar-se, e construir suas identidades. Palavras-chave: Autoria. Subjetivação. Juventudes. Hip hop.
Escola Técnica de Manaus (ETM) à Escola Técnica Federal do Amazonas (ETFAM) - (1942-1965): uma perspectiva histórica
Authors: Silva Vannessa Ribeiro da , Miki Pérsida da Silva Ribeiro 
Published: October 2019

O atual estudo objetiva historicizar o processo da criação da Escola Técnica de Manaus (ETM) em 1942 e como sucedeu a modificação no ensino profissional até 1965 com a nova denominação – Escola Técnica Federal do Amazonas (ETFAM). Este artigo faz parte da dissertação intitulada “A mulher no ensino profissional em Manaus: visibilidade, espaços e dinâmicas na ETM e ETFAM (1937 a 1971)”. Ao apresentar o período de 1942 a 1965, questiona-se que mudanças ocorreram no ensino profissional por meio das políticas educacionais na Escola Técnica através da Lei Orgânica do Ensino Industrial, criação do SENAI, e a LDB nº 4.024/61. Analisa-se fontes documentais oficiais encontradas no Arquivo Digital Gustavo Capanema e do Arquivo Geral da Escola Técnica. No governo de Getúlio Vargas, em 1942, foi implementada a Reforma Capanema pelo Ministro da Educação Gustavo Capanema com as Leis Orgânicas do Ensino, e que regulamentaram o Ensino Secundário, Industrial, Comercial e a criação do SENAI. Com a LDB nº 4.024/61 ocorreu uma reformulação na estrutura do ensino profissional e modificou novamente o ensino no país. As configurações das políticas públicas por meio dos instrumentos normativos são relevantes para se compreender a organização do ensino e da sociedade brasileira, em determinado momento, com vistas à divisão e aos processos de exclusão social. Palavras-chave: História da Educação. Escola Técnica. Políticas Educacionais.
Evaluation of short-term outcomes and potential risk factors for death and intestinal dehiscence following full-thickness large intestinal incisions in dogs
Authors: Latimer Christian R. , Lux Cassie N. , Grimes Janet A. , Benitez Marian E. , Culp William T. N. , Ben-Aderet Daniel , Brown Dorothy C. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
To determine complication rates for dogs in which full-thickness large intestinal incisions were performed, assess potential risk factors for death during hospitalization and for intestinal dehiscence following these surgeries, and report short-term mortality rates for these patients.

ANIMALS
90 dogs.

PROCEDURES
Medical records of 4 veterinary referral hospitals were reviewed to identify dogs that underwent large intestinal surgery requiring full-thickness incisions. Signalment, history, clinicopathologic data, medical treatments, surgical procedures, complications, and outcomes were recorded. Descriptive statistics were calculated; data were analyzed for association with survival to discharge (with logistic regression analysis) and postoperative intestinal dehiscence (with Fisher exact or Wilcoxon rank sum tests).

RESULTS
Overall 7-day postoperative intestinal dehiscence and mortality rates were 9 of 90 (10%) and 15 of 90 (17%). Dogs with preoperative anorexia, hypoglycemia, or neutrophils with toxic changes and those that received preoperative antimicrobial treatment had greater odds of death than did dogs without these findings. Preexisting colon trauma or dehiscence, preexisting peritonitis, administration of blood products, administration of > 2 classes of antimicrobials, positive microbial culture results for a surgical sample, and open abdominal management of peritonitis after surgery were associated with development of intestinal dehiscence. Five of 9 dogs with intestinal dehiscence died or were euthanized.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Factors associated with failure to survive to discharge were considered suggestive of sepsis. Results suggested the dehiscence rate for full-thickness large intestinal incisions may not be as high as previously reported, but several factors may influence this outcome and larger, longer-term studies are needed to confirm these findings.
The Phase–Space Approach to time Evolution of Quantum States in Confined Systems: the Spectral Split–Operator Method
Authors: Kołaczek Damian , Spisak Bartłomiej J. , Wołoszyn Maciej 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Using the phase space approach, we consider the quantum dynamics of a wave packet in an isolated confined system with three different potential energy profiles. We solve the Moyal equation of motion for the Wigner function with the highly efficient spectral split-operator method. The main aim of this study is to compare the accuracy of the employed algorithm through analysis of the total energy expectation value, in terms of deviation from its exact value. This comparison is performed for the second and fourth order factorizations of the time evolution operator.
On the Convergence of Sigmoidal Fuzzy Grey Cognitive Maps
Authors: Harmati István Á. , Kóczy László T. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Fuzzy cognitive maps (FCMs) are recurrent neural networks applied for modelling complex systems using weighted causal relations. In FCM-based decision-making, the inference about the modelled system is provided by the behaviour of an iteration. Fuzzy grey cognitive maps (FGCMs) are extensions of fuzzy cognitive maps, applying uncertain weights between the concepts. This uncertainty is expressed by the so-called grey numbers. Similarly as in FCMs, the inference is determined by an iteration process which may converge to an equilibrium point, but limit cycles or chaotic behaviour may also turn up. In this paper, based on the grey connections between the concepts and the parameters of the sigmoid threshold function, we give sufficient conditions for the existence and uniqueness of fixed points of sigmoid FGCMs.
A Reference Trajectory Based Discrete Time Sliding Mode Control Strategy
Authors: Bartoszewicz Andrzej , Adamiak Katarzyna 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
This study presents a new, reference trajectory based sliding mode control strategy for disturbed discrete time dynamical systems. The desired trajectory, which is generated externally according to an existing switching type reaching law, determines the properties of the emerging sliding motion of the system. It is proved that an appropriate choice of the trajectory generator parameters ensures the existence of the quasi-sliding motion of the system according to the definition by Gao et al. (1995) in spite of the influence of disturbances. Moreover, the paper shows that the application of the desired trajectory based reaching law results in a significant reduction in the quasi-sliding mode band width and errors of all state variables. Therefore, in comparison with Gao’s control method, the system’s robustness is increased. The paper also presents an additional modification of the reaching law, which guarantees a further reduction in the quasi-sliding mode band in the case of slowly varying disturbances. The results are confirmed with a simulation example.
Fenugreek seeds estrogenic activity in ovariectomized female rats
Authors: Brogi Hind , Elbachir Hajji , Amrani Najat El , Amsaguine Siham , Radallah Driss 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The estrogenic activities of fenugreek seeds (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.), widely used in traditional pharmacopoeia, are reflected in the uterus of ovariectomized female rats, with a slight increase in dry and wet weight, a thickening of the stroma and the uterine epithelium and the development of the endometrial glands. In the vagina, the estrogenic action is shown through an increase in the epidermal cell number and a tendency to keratinization, leading to vaginal opening.
Furthermore, this estrogenic potential of fenugreek seeds is confirmed by the over-expression of progesterone receptors in the uterine tissues supporting possible interactions between phytoestrogens and estrogen receptors.
Therefore, Fenugreek seeds may be capable of promoting the development of reproductive tissues of immature ovariectomized rats, and its estrogenic activity may take its action by holding phystoestrogens that interact with estrogen binding sites and activate the same estradiol-mediated cell signaling pathways.
Thus, our results give added scientific support to the popular use of Fenugreek seeds as an alternative for several health problems such as fertility and menopause related disorders.
Little known Homerian (lower Silurian) graptolites from kosov quarry near Beroun, the Czech republic
Authors: Štorch Petr , Manda Štěpán 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The Homerian graptolite fauna of the upper Cyrtograptus lundgreni and lower Colonograptus ludensis-Colonograptus gerhardi biozones, recovered from densely sampled sections in Kosov quarry includes several poorly known species, which appear to be useful in high resolution correlation. Gothograptus kozlowskii, Gothograptus aff. domeyki, Semigothograptus meganassa, Pristiograptus auctus, Monograptus ambiguus, Monograptus subflexilis and Cyrtograptus hemmanni are described and discussed in detail with reference to their stratigraphic range and palaeogeographic distribution which indicates close links between the Homerian graptolite faunas of Baltica, Avalonia and peri-Gondwanan Europe.