bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Behavioral Properties of Nyctanthes arbor-tristis against Aluminum-induced Neurotoxicity in Rats
Authors: Srivastava Vartika , Pattanayak Chaitali , Sarkar Sougata , Das Mangala Charana , Chaudhury Harish Chandra 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder leading to dementia and cognitive impairment. Current treatment modalities of AD do not cure the disease completely, rather it only slows the progression and are associated with numerous adverse effects. Nyctanthes arbor-tristis L. is an ornamental shrub having various medicinal properties such as analgesic, hepatoprotective, anti-arthritis, antidiabetic, and immunomodulatory effects.

Methodology:
The present study was carried out using ethanolic extract of the leaves of N. arbor-tristis L. (NALE) plant. About 36 albino Wistar rats were taken and divided into six groups containing six rats each. Group I was the normal control (rats received normal diet), group II rats were positive control (received aluminum chloride), group III rats were standard control group (received donepezil), while groups IV, V, and VI were test treatment control groups (received varying doses of NALE extract). Behavioral assessment was done by four procedures, namely Morris water maze test, locomotor test, passive avoidance, and elevated plus maze test.

Results:
The NALE treatment group showed a significant improvement in behavioral parameters and was comparable with standard group.

Conclusion:

Nyctanthes showed neuroprotective and cytoprotective effects by decreasing acetylcholinesterase activity and reducing oxidative stress. Hence, it is postulated that this product can be useful for the treatment of AD.
An Audit of Intraoperative Frozen Section at a Tertiary Care Center
Authors: Buch Archana C. , Karnavat Neha Praveen , Ambekar Mayur , Karpe Shreya Vinayak , Valecha Isha Harish , Chandanwale Shirish S. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Frozen section (FS) is an important diagnostic tool for intraoperative decision-making. Audit of FS is an integral aspect of qualitative measure of pathology services. The aim of the study was to correlate FS diagnosis with final diagnosis and study diagnostic accuracy.

Materials and Methods:
The study was conducted for a period of 12 months from July 1, 2021, to June 31, 2022, at a tertiary care center. A total of 122 consecutive frozen cases were studied retrospectively. The FS and corresponding formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue section with their final histopathological examination reports were studied and analyzed. The results were analyzed as concordant and discordant rates, which were compared with other similar studies. Reasons for discordance were discussed.

Results:
The patients were in the age range of 3 months to 87 years with a male:female ratio of 1.1:1. The turnaround time from receipt of sample to release of frozen report ranged from 10 to 40 min (average = 20 min). Indications of FS were for primary diagnosis of lesion (n = 66), resection margin assessment (n = 41), lymph node assessment (n = 12), and assessment of donor liver tissue (n = 3). Maximum number of specimens were from the surgery department, and the most commonly sampled site was oral cavity. The concordance and discordance rates were 95.90% and 4.10%, respectively.

Conclusion:
Intraoperative FS diagnosis aids in proper surgical decision-making and management. Periodic audit of FS and analysis of discrepancies is important to avoid mistakes in FS diagnosis.
Intimate partner violence among pregnant women in Anambra State, Nigeria: Prevalence, pattern, determinants and coping strategies
Authors: Okonkwo Benjamin Chukwunonso , Ezeama Nkiru Nwamaka , Edeh Gabriel Chidera , Okolo Shadrach Arinze , Chiekezie Chinonuju Franklin , Anagwu Chidindu Prince , Awugosi Michael Chukwuebuka 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Intimate partner violence (IPV) has emerged as a global phenomenon, with pregnant women being particularly vulnerable, especially in developing countries. Despite its diverse manifestations and severe impacts, IPV is sometimes perceived as culturally acceptable or as a means of controlling women.

Aims:
This study aimed to assess the prevalence, patterns and determinants of IPV amongst pregnant women attending antenatal care (ANC) at a tertiary hospital in Anambra State, Nigeria.

Materials and Methods:
This cross-sectional survey enrolled 400 pregnant women receiving ANC at Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Anambra State. Data collection utilised semi-structured, self-administered questionnaires. Statistical analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26.

Results:
In this study we found a 21.8% prevalence of IPV. Psychological violence was the most common form, followed by sexual and physical violence at rates of 72.4%, 35.6%, and 32.2% respectively. Risk factors associated with IPV included low educational attainment, maternal unemployment, average monthly income of <50,000 naira, partner unemployment and substance abuse, increased maternal age, having family members choose their partner and marital conflicts. Various coping strategies were identified amongst victims, including help-seeking, spiritual recourse, substance abuse, retaliation and divorce. Alarmingly, 75.9% of the participants took no action when faced with IPV.

Conclusion:
This study underscores the prevalence of IPV among pregnant women, with approximately one in five reporting victimisation during pregnancy. Psychological, sexual, and physical forms of violence occurred in decreasing order of prevalence. We found that a range of factors, including individual and relationship-related factors, correlated with increased odds of IPV. Women who experience IPV adopt different strategies, including help-seeking, spiritual recourse, substance abuse, retaliation, divorce and in some cases, passivity.
Addisonian Pigmentation – The Great Mimicker – A Review
Authors: Verma Damini , Sarkar Rashmi , Mendiratta Vibhu , Srivastava Amol 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Skin colour usually depends upon melanin, haemoglobin, and carotenoids. Pigmentary disorders indicate an increased amount of melanin, leading to a darker colour of the skin, called hypermelanosis. Addison’s disease is a rare endocrinal disorder with severe oral and systemic manifestations. Any form of diffuse skin hyper-pigmentation which is more pronounced on sun-exposed areas mimics Addison’s disease and is called Addisonian pigmentation. Pigmentation often precedes other manifestations by months to years and hence can lead to early diagnosis and can prevent life-threatening adrenal crisis. The most common cause of adrenal insufficiency in developing countries is tuberculosis. A similar pattern of pigmentation has been reported in Cushing’s syndrome, ectopic ACTH-producing tumours, vitamin B12 deficiency, and thyrotoxicosis. Addisonian pigmentation can be a manifestation of multiple systemic diseases; hence, an inter-disciplinary approach is needed with extensive clinical and laboratory evaluation. It is not merely a cosmetic concern. Not much data are available in the literature regarding this entity. This brief review serves as an important source for clinicians to stay up-to-date regarding the history, clinical presentation, differential diagnosis, and management of this entity.
Rippled Pattern Basal Cell Carcinoma – A Rare Variant with a Diagnostic Approach
Authors: Ayyanar Pavithra , Sahu Ajit , Tripathy Sagar R. , Muduly Dillip K. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The rippled pattern of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is a very uncommon variant and poses a diagnostic challenge. A 52-year-old male presented with an ulcerated lesion over the scalp for 8 years. The wedge biopsy of the lesion showed an infiltrating tumour in the upper dermis and mid-dermis with focal attachment with the epidermis. The tumour was arranged in a rippled pattern. The tumour cells were monomorphic with a round to oval nucleus, arranged parallelly with fine chromatin and inconspicuous nucleoli. Brisk mitosis, apoptotic bodies, and necrosis were noted. Immunohistochemically, the tumour cells were positive for p63; focally positive for androgen receptor, Bcl-2, and CD10; and negative for epithelial membrane antigen and CK20. We report this rare case of BCC because of its peculiar pattern, discuss the differential diagnoses, and review the clinicopathological features of reported cases.
Sensory evaluation, nutritional profile and chromatographic characterization of Panjeeri laddu: A traditional nutritional supplement for postpartum healthcare
Authors: Saroch Arushi , Singh Divyani , Sathyan Anjana Chandhiruthil , Patil Giramalla , Chaudhari Swapnil , Yadav Pramod R. , Ruknuddin Galib , Prajapati Pradeep Kumar 
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND:

Panjeeri laddu (PL), a traditional dietary regime popular in Himachal Pradesh and other northern parts of India, is utilized for postpartum care. This study aimed to evaluate the nutritional profile, sensory analysis of PL, which may highlight its potential health benefits. In addition, HPTLC and FTIR analysis were performed to further characterize the prepared PL.

METHODS:
Proximate analysis of PL was done to determine the content of moisture, protein, fat, carbohydrates, ash, and fiber—mineral analysis quantified calcium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, iron, and zinc. High-performance liquid chromatography-based vitamin analysis identified the presence of B vitamins (B1, B3, B5, B6, and B9) and vitamin E. Fatty acid profiles were determined using gas chromatography. A sensory analysis of the prepared PL was conducted through 20 volunteers.

RESULTS:
The analysis revealed that PL is a calorie-dense food source, rich in protein (15.23 g/100 g), fat (38.10 g/100 g), and carbohydrates (40.18 g/100 g). Micronutrient analysis identified the presence of essential minerals and B vitamins. The fatty acid profile indicated the presence of both monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats.

DISCUSSION:
The nutritional profile of PL suggests its potential to contribute to energy intake and provide essential nutrients during postpartum recovery. Investigation of the bioactive compounds present in PL and their potential health benefits is warranted. Understanding these properties could support the traditional use of PL in postpartum care and pave the way for future research on its potential therapeutic applications.

CONCLUSION:
This study provides a foundation for understanding the nutritional value of PL. The results support the continued exploration of PL’s potential role in promoting postpartum health and well-being.
Awareness Regarding Medical Device Safety among Physicians: A Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Survey
Authors: Mukherjee Shatavisa , Era Nikhil , Roy Siddhartha 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background:
With the huge inflow of medical devices into the healthcare market, it is imperative to monitor the device safety throughout its period of usage, with the help of a systematic continual surveillance mechanism. Although the Materiovigilance Program of India has been formally introduced since 2015, there exists a dearth of awareness regarding its existence and functioning among the major stakeholders of patient safety. Addressing this gap, the study probes the awareness regarding materiovigilance among the doctors in eastern India.

Methods:
A cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was carried out using a 20-item structured survey tool to evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and practice of medical professionals regarding safety surveillance of medical devices. Responses obtained were statistically analyzed and interpreted.

Results:
Principal elements of medical device adverse event (MDAE) reporting were known to around 40% of respondents. However, the time frame for reporting an event/incident was found to be grossly unclear. Over 30% of respondents were aware of the effect of MDAEs and that its reporting could enhance patient safety. Items related to practice domains revealed that although around 50% of respondents of either category encountered MDAEs in their practice setup, only 10.95% of faculty and 6.41% of residents have reported it. Less than 5% of the respondents were ever trained on how to report MDAEs. The mean domain score for knowledge was on higher mark for the faculty, while that for attitude and practice domains were higher for the residents.

Conclusion:
There was a gross dearth of awareness regarding materiovigilance among the doctors. Enhanced sensitization regarding medical device safety surveillance in all healthcare levels can definitely help the situation ensuring patient safety.
Clopidogrel therapy in nonischemic central retinal vein occlusion: A case report and therapeutic insight
Authors: Al Ghaithi Houda , Al Hinai Ahmed , Al Abri Mohammed , Al-Futaisi Abdullah 
Published: October 2024

Abstract:
Central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) is a significant cause of vision impairment in adults, often associated with various systemic and ocular risk factors. The current literature presents a limited understanding of the efficacy of antithrombotic agents in CRVO management, with sparse comparative studies evaluating the effectiveness of different antiplatelet therapies. Here, we report the case of nonischemic CRVO in a 54-year-old male with multiple systemic comorbidities, including diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. Initial treatment with aspirin 100 mg daily resulted in worsening visual acuity (VA) and retinal pathology, prompting a transition to clopidogrel 75 mg daily due to patient refusal of intravitreal injection. Remarkably, clopidogrel therapy led to rapid and sustained improvement in VA, macular edema resolution, and complete resolution of retinal vascular pathology within weeks. This case underscores the therapeutic potential of clopidogrel in nonischemic CRVO management, suggesting its superiority over aspirin in select patients. We discuss the mechanisms underlying the differential efficacy of antiplatelet agents and highlight the need for further comparative studies to guide optimal treatment strategies in CRVO.
Neuropsychiatric manifestations of Wilson’s disease – A therapeutic challenge
Authors: Mahanta Debasish , Mohanty Nitya Gopal 
Published: October 2024

Abstract:
Wilson’s disease (WD) occurs due to abnormal copper metabolism and often presents with various neurological, cognitive, and psychiatric symptoms. Variable symptoms and a high propensity for medication-related adverse effects frequently make their management difficult. Here, we discussed two cases of WD presented to psychiatric OPD with variable neuropsychiatric symptoms managed conservatively but frequently complicated by newer symptoms, and medication-related side effects, which lead to multiple consultations and frequent changes in drug schedule. Therefore, we found it a great therapeutic challenge, and more discussion and research are warranted for such a condition.
Effects of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. Anthocyanins on Body Weight, Lipid Peroxidation, and Lipid Profile of Cadmium-exposed rats
Authors: Orororo Osuvwe Clement , Asagba Samuel Ogheneovo 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background:
Heavy metals like cadmium (Cd) are dangerous to human health because they are highly toxic and persist for a long time in the environment.

Objective:
This study determined the effects of Hibiscus sabdariffa L anthocyanins (HSA) on body weight, lipid peroxidation, and lipid profile of Cd-exposed rats.

Materials and Methods:
Twenty-five Wistar rats weighing 185 ± 5.2 g were divided into five treatment groups: Group A: Control (feed and water only), B: Cd (3 mg/kg b wt), C: HSA (3 mg/kg b wt), D: HSA Pre-Cd (HSA 3 g/kg b wt) for 5 consecutive days before a single dose of Cd (3 mg/kg body weight), and E: HSA Post-Cd (a single dose of Cd [3 mg/kg body weight] on the 1st day then HSA [3 mg/kg body weight] for 5 consecutive days).

Results:
Cd toxicity, at the dose administered, was manifested through significant (P > 0.05) reduction in body weight, increase in lipid peroxidation, and changes in serum lipid profile (increase in low-density cholesterol and reduction in high-density cholesterol), but administration of H. sabdariffa anthocyanins to rats before and after Cd exposure significantly (P < 0.05) increased body weight of rats, reduced Cd-induced increase in serum total cholesterol levels, and protected tissues against Cd-induced lipid peroxidation.

Conclusion:
The results suggest that HSA is effective as an ameliorator of Cd-induced changes in body weight, lipid peroxidation, and lipid profile of rats.
Fingerprint Examination by Gender in Healthy Turkish Population
Authors: Üzel Mehmet , Sahın Zennure Adıgüzel , Ertas Ahmet , Marur Tania , Yıldırım Fatma Güler 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background:
Dermatoglyphic forensic institutions provide important information that can also be used in the field of anthropology and medicine. To expand the existing data of the Turkish society and increasing literature data on fingerprint.

Materials and Methods:
This study was conducted with 147 healthy young people. The parameters examined were compared between right and left hands and between genders. The fingerprints were divided into two groups as whorl, loop, arch, and accidental pattern. In addition, “total finger ridge count, absolute finger ridge count, Pattern Intensity Index (PII), Cummins index (CI), Poll index (PI), Dankmeijer index (DI), Volotzkoy index (VI), and Furuhata’s index (FI)” of fingerprints on both hands and right-left hands separately were calculated.

Results:
In the joint evaluation of 10 fingers in both genders, the most common type was found to be loop pattern. The index data of the Turkish population are as follows (respectively, female and male): PII – 13.2/12.6, CI – 0.1/0.2, PI – 1/1, DI – 11.9/33.3, VI – 132.3/126.7, and FI – 128/133.7. There was no significant difference in the compared parameters between males and females and both hands (P > 0.05).

Conclusions:
According to the data obtained, the Turkish population data correspond to the Mediterranean subgroup of the European races. Moreover, as seen in this study, ulnar loop density is more common in Eastern countries.
Роль рационального использования горных пастбищ центрального Кавказа для сохранения стабильности экосистем
Authors: И.Э. Солдатова 
Published: October 2024

В результате все более возрастающего воздействия антропогенных факторов наблюдается выпадение из травостоя злаков и бобовых. Выявлено, что нормированное использование пастбищ характеризуется невысокими затратами совокупной антропогенной энергии (17,2–23,8 ГДж/га), высоким агроэнергетическим коэффициентом, в зависимости от высотных поясов расположения угодий и системы использования.
As a result of the ever-increasing impact of anthropogenic factors, there is a loss of cereals and legumes from the grass stand. It was revealed that the normalized use of pastures is characterized by low costs of total anthropogenic energy (17.2-23.8 GJ/ha), high agro-energy coefficient, depending on the altitude zones of the land location and the system of use.
Геофизический институт Владикавказского научного центра Российской академии наук (ГФИ ВНЦ РАН): этапы развития, достижения, стратегические задачи
Authors: А.С. Кануков 
Published: October 2024

В настоящей статье рассмотрена непростая история становления и трансформации правительственного научного учреждения в современную научную организацию Российской академии наук геолого-геофизической направленности, единственную на Юге России. В весьма сжатом виде приведены преодолеваемые трудности и несомненные успехи, выраженные в развитии оригинальной методологии оценок уровня природно-техногенных опасностей в горном регионе и разработке методологии смягчения их проявления или управления рисками с целью снижения уязвимости региона и повышения безопасности населения. В работе приведены новые подходы по снижению геоэкологических проблем региона в условиях активной горнодобывающей деятельности и показаны неотъемлемые стратегические задачи.
The paper examines the convoluted history of the formation and transformation of a government scientific institution into a modern scientific organization of the Russian Academy of Sciences with a geological and geophysical focus, the only one in the south of Russia. The overcome challenges and, undoubtedly, successes in the development of an original methodology for assessing the level of natural and technogenic hazards in a mountainous region and mitigating consequences or risk management in order to reduce the vulnerability of the region and improve the safety of the population are presented in a very concise form. The paper presents new approaches to reducing environmental problems in the region in the context of active mining activities and shows the integral strategic objectives.
Этническая личность осетин в контексте исторических трансформаций субкультуры старшинства
Authors: А.Х. Хадикова 
Published: October 2024

Статья целиком опирается на эмпирический материал и содержит анализ качеств этнической личности осетин в контексте традиционной субкультуры старшинства, ее исторических трансформаций и современных интерпретаций. Изыскание выстроено в историкоретроспективном плане и отслеживает динамику основных институций субкультуры старшинства, их главной сути, современного содержания, тенденций и основных изменений. Анализу подвергаются также инекоторые, сформировавшиеся на этой почве противоречия. Автор констатирует адаптивность субкультуры старшинства, разумеется, с учетом соответствующих времени потерь и анализирует эти потери. Также автор приходит к выводу, что, несмотря на вполне значительные трансформации, эстетика межвозрастной субкультуры присутствует в автостереотипах, «концепции лица» современных осетин и свойственных этому народу этноидентификационных процессах.
The article is entirely based on empirical material and contains an analysis of the qualities of the ethnic personality of Ossetians in the context of the traditional subculture of seniority, its historical transformations and modern interpretations. The research is built in historical and retrospective terms and tracks the dynamics of the main institutions of the subculture of seniority, their main essence, modern content, trends and major changes. Some contradictions formed on this basis are also being analyzed. The author states the adaptability of the subculture of seniority, of course, taking into account the losses corresponding to the time, and analyzes these losses. The author also comes to the conclusion that, despite quite significant transformations, the aesthetics of the inter-age subculture is present in the autostereotypes, the "concept of the face" of modern Ossetians and the ethnoidentification processes peculiar to this people.
О применении математических методов в общественных науках
Authors: Е.К. Басаева , Е.С. Каменецкий 
Published: October 2024

В статье обсуждаются некоторые вопросы применения математических методов в общественных науках. Приведены простейшие методы обработки статистического материала. Указано, что применение математических моделей, разработанных в естественных науках, для описания социально-политических процессов требует тщательного дополнительного анализа адекватности такого переноса.
The article discusses some issues of mathematical methods application in social sciences. Simple methods of processing statistical material are given. It is indicated that application of mathematical models developed in natural sciences for description of sociopolitical processes requires careful additional analysis of such transfer adequacy.