bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of Age and Gender on Survival of Glioblastoma Multiforme Patients: A Multicenter Retrospective Study
Authors: Reihanian Zoheir , Abbaspour Elahe , Zaresharifi Nooshin , Karimzadhagh Sahand , Mahmoudalinejad Maral , Sourati Ainaz , Farzin Mohaya , EslamiKenarsari Habib 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundGlioblastoma multiforme (GBM) poses a significant health challenge as the most common primary malignancy of the adult central nervous system. Gender‐ and age‐related differences in GBM influence prognosis and treatment complexities. This multicenter retrospective study explores gender and age disparities in GBM patients, investigating their impact on occurrence and survival outcomes.MethodsThis multicenter retrospective study involved GBM patients treated in Guilan Province, Iran. Patients' data, including age, gender, tumor location, and histopathological diagnosis date, was collected from medical records.ResultsIn a cohort of 164 GBM patients, the average age was 54.34 ± 14.16 years, with a higher prevalence among men (59.8%) and patients aged ≤ 60 years (64.6%). The tumor sites exhibited overlapping features in 68% of cases, with the frontal and temporal lobes being the most common specific locations. The mean survival was 12.88 ± 14.14 months, one‐year survival of 45%, with women showing significantly higher one‐year survival (60% vs. 40%) and longer mean survival (16.14 ± 17.35 vs. 10.75 ± 11.15 months). Furthermore, Patients ≤ 60 years had significantly higher one‐year survival (75% vs. 35%). In subgroup analysis, women had significantly higher survival rates in patients ≤ 60 years. However, among patients over 60, women exhibited a more pronounced decline in survival rates, with no statistically significant difference between men and women in this age group.ConclusionThis study highlights that both age and gender significantly affect GBM survival outcomes. Younger patients, particularly women, exhibited better survival rates, while older patients, especially women, showed poorer outcomes. These findings suggest the need to stratify treatment approaches by both age and gender to optimize care and improve survival in GBM patients. Further research is recommended to explore these associations.
Optimizing liquid‐applied iron sulfate rate and application interval for dollar spot suppression on golf course fairways
Authors: Soldat D. J. , Hockemeyer K. , McCall D. S. , Straw C. M. , Koch P. L. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIron sulfate applications reduce dollar spot severity on golf course turfgrass, but further optimizing the use of iron sulfate may increase efficacy and encourage more widespread adoption by golf course superintendents. Three iron sulfate rates (9, 18, 36 kg ha−1), two application intervals (7 and 14 days), three water volumes (306, 612, and 1223 L ha−1), and combinations with fertilizer and fungicide products were evaluated at field locations in Madison, WI, Bloomington, MN, and Blacksburg, VA, in 2018 and 2019. Iron sulfate rate decreased dollar spot at all locations in a dose‐dependent manner, and 7‐day applications were more efficacious than 14‐day applications. Water volume had no impact on disease severity at any location and combining iron sulfate with fertilizer had minimal impact as well. These results demonstrate improved iron sulfate strategies for dollar spot management and can be implemented by golf course superintendents in areas where fungicide resistance and fungicide regulations limit the use of traditional fungicides.
Selective Degradation of Polyethylene Terephthalate Plastic Waste Using Iron Salt Photocatalysts
Authors: Jiang. Shusheng , Wang Miao , Huang Yahao , Wen Jinglan , Hu Peng 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPlastic pollution poses a significant challenge to environmental conservation. Efficient recycling of plastic is a key strategy to address this issue. Polyethylene terephthalate (PET), commonly found in plastic bottles, represents a substantial portion of plastic waste. Consequently, the efficient degradation and recycling of PET is crucial for the sustainable development of society. However, the implementation of methods for PET depolymerization and recycling typically necessitates alkaline/acidic pre‐treatment and significant energy input for heating. Here, we propose a gentle, and highly efficient photocatalysis approach for selectively degrading PET plastic waste into terephthalic acid (TPA) in high yield (up to 99 %) using cost‐effective iron salts. Notably, this method achieved excellent selectivity with high TON and TOF values, applying oxygen or air as environmentally friendly oxidants. In addition, the solvent can be recycled without compromising the TPA yield, and large‐scale reactions can be performed smoothly.
Circular Economy and Chemical Conversion for Polyester Wastes
Authors: Cao Jingjing , Qiu Xin , Zhang Fan , Fu Shaohai 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPolyester waste in the environment threatens public health and environmental ecosystems. Chemical recycling of polyester waste offers a dual solution to ensure resource sustainability and ecological restoration. This minireview highlights the traditional recycling methods and novel recycling strategies of polyester plastics. The conventional strategy includes pyrolysis, carbonation, and solvolysis of polyesters for degradation and recycling. Furthermore, the review delves into exploring emerging technologies including hydrogenolysis, electrocatalysis, photothermal, photoreforming, and enzymatic for upcycling polyesters. It emphasizes the selectivity of products during the polyester conversion process and elucidates conversion pathways. More importantly, the separation and purification of the products, the life cycle assessment, and the economic analysis of the overall recycling process are essential for evaluating the environmental and economic viability of chemical recycling of waste polyester plastics. Finally, the review offers perspective into the future challenges and developments of chemical recycling in the polyester economy.
The Relationship Between Prenatal, Perinatal, and Postnatal Factors and ADHD: The Role of Nutrition, Diet, and Stress
Authors: Al‐Gailani Lubna , Al‐Kaleel Ali 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTAttention‐Deficit Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD) is a neurobehavioral syndrome affecting children aged 6–17 with symptoms manifesting before age 12. ADHD presents heterogeneously and is associated with various psychiatric disorders. The cause remains elusive, but genetic and environmental factors, brain region maturation delays, and neurotransmitter dysregulation are implicated. Effective treatment requires a multi‐disciplinary approach, primarily involving pharmacological and behavioral intervention. Stimulants like methylphenidate and amphetamines are first‐line medications, but non‐stimulants may be considered for some patients. However, stimulants face challenges related to misuse, dependence, and long‐term tolerability issues. The etiology of ADHD involved genetic predisposition, environmental influences, and prenatal, perinatal, and postnatal factors. Prenatal causes encompass maternal diet, alcohol consumption, viral infections, and stress. Postnatal factors include head trauma, meningitis, toxin, nutritional deficiencies, as well as iodine deficiency and hypothyroidism. The gut microbiome's role in ADHD is emerging, influencing neurodevelopment through microbiota–gut–brain axis. Understanding these diverse etiological factors is essential for comprehensive ADHD management.
Real‐world characteristics and treatment of cardiac transthyretin amyloidosis: A multicentre, observational study
Authors: Nies Richard J. , Ney Svenja , Kindermann Ingrid , Bewarder Yvonne , Zimmer Angela , Knebel Fabian , Hahn Katrin , Spethmann Sebastian , Luedike Peter , Michel Lars , Rassaf Tienush , Papathanasiou Maria , Störk Stefan , Cejka Vladimir , Polzin Amin , Voss Fabian , Kelm Malte , Unsöld Bernhard , Meindl Christine , Paulus Michael , Yilmaz Ali , Chamling Bishwas , Morbach Caroline , Pfister Roman 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAimsData on the clinical profiles of patients with transthyretin amyloidosis cardiomyopathy (ATTR‐CM) in the post‐approval era of tafamidis 61 mg are lacking. Study aims were characterization of contemporary ATTR‐CM patients, analysis of potential eligibility for the ‘Transthyretin Amyloidosis Cardiomyopathy Clinical Trial’ (ATTR‐ACT) and identification of factors associated with the decision on tafamidis 61 mg treatment.Methods and resultsThis retrospective study analysed ATTR‐CM patients seen at eight University Hospitals in the first year after approval of tafamidis 61 mg for ATTR‐CM in Germany (April 2020 to March 2021). The cohort comprised 366 patients (median age 79 [74; 82] years, 84% male), with 47% and 45% of the cohort being in National Amyloidosis Centre ATTR stage ≥ II and NYHA class ≥ III, respectively. Sixty‐four per cent of patients met key eligibility criteria of the pivotal ATTR‐ACT. In recently diagnosed patients (58% with diagnosis ≤6 months), the rate of variant ATTR was significantly lower than in patients diagnosed more than 6 months ago (9.3% vs. 19.7%). Of the 293 patients without prior ATTR specific treatment, tafamidis 61 mg was newly initiated in 77%. Patients with tafamidis 61 mg treatment were significantly younger, were more often eligible for ATTR‐ACT, had lower NYHA class and higher serum albumin levels. These variables explained 16% of the variance of treatment decision. Unadjusted survival was higher in patients with than those without treatment (1‐year survival 98.6% vs. 87.3%, P < 0.001).ConclusionsWild‐type ATTR was the primary aetiology amongst contemporary ATTR‐CM patients and almost two‐thirds of patients were in an advanced disease stage. Clinical profiles of 64% of patients in routine care matched those of the ATTR‐ACT. Further effort is needed to detect patients at an earlier disease stage and to validate criteria justifying treatment initiation.
Preparation of Silver Nanoparticles in a Water‐in‐Oil Microemulsion Stabilized by Ecosurf EH3 and Determination of Their Electrophoretic Mobility
Authors: Popovetskiy Pavel S. , Petrochenko Sofia A. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis work describes a study on the electrophoresis of silver nanoparticles in reverse microemulsions with varying water content. The microemulsion was stabilized using a nonionic ethoxylated surfactant, 2‐ethylhexanol triethoxylate (Ecosurf EH3). This study represents the second example of electrophoresis research conducted in media with a low dielectric constant for etoxylated surfactants. The study also determined the boundaries of thermodynamic stability and the conditions required to obtain nanoparticles with a high yield. The hydrodynamic diameter and electrophoretic mobility of nanoparticles were measured using dynamic light scattering and laser Doppler electrophoresis. The study determined the boundary conditions for applying these methods to laser‐absorbing samples. The electrophoretic mobility of nanoparticles was found to be dependent on the fraction of water in the range of 2–5% vol. (equivalent to a metal content of 10–25 mM), as determined by electrophoresis in a free medium. The increase in volume fraction of water leads to agglomeration of micelles, which causes a decrease in the electrokinetic potential of nanoparticles, likely due to the blurring of the diffuse part of the electrical double layer.
Evaluation of Structural, Thermal, and Electrochemical Properties of PEO/Ionic Liquid Based Quasi‐Solid‐State Electrolytes for Electrical Double Layer Capacitor Devices
Authors: Sachan Sarika , Kruk Danuta , Kumar Anil , Yadav Sushama , Kumar Pramod , Singh Manoj K. , Chaurasia Sujeet Kumar 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTIn this paper, quasi‐solid electrolytes (QSEs) “PEO + xwt.% BMIMPF6” for x = 0–20 were prepared by the immobilization of ionic liquid (IL), 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate (BMIMPF6) to the PEO polymer matrix by solution casting technique. These quasi‐solid electrolytes (QSEs) are in the thin film form of good mechanical integrity. The QSEs are characterized by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Attenuated total reflectance Infrared (ATR‐IR) spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC)/thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), impedance spectroscopy, and electrochemical techniques. XRD/DSC results confirm an increase in the flexibility (and hence polymer chain mobility) with the increasing amount of IL in the QSEs, as confirmed by the analysis of degree of crystallinity (Xc). The maximum room temperature ionic conductivity ~1.32 × 10−5 S. cm−1 is obtained for the 20 wt.% IL (BMIMPF6) added QSEs. The interaction/complexation between the dopant IL‐cation BMIM+ with the ether oxygen (i.e., COC bond of PEO) has been confirmed by FTIR spectroscopic analysis. FESEM results confirm the appearance of crystalline spherical grains (spherulites), whose size decreases with the increasing amount of IL in the membranes and shows overall semicrystalline microstructures. The TGA analysis confirmed that the onset decomposition temperature of the QSEs is found to be ~175°C, which is the sufficient temperature range of operation for the solid‐state electrochemical devices. The electrochemical performances of the QSEs were examined by fabricating the symmetrical electrical double‐layer capacitor (EDLC) device. The fabricated EDLC cell with optimized QSE “PEO + 20 wt.% BMIMPF6” with biomass‐based honeycomb activated carbon (HCAC) electrodes offers specific energy ~5.8 Wh kg−1 at power density ~ 79.9 W kg−1. It also displays excellent cycling stability with 81.3% of the initial specific capacitance after 2500 charge–discharge cycles.
Placement and Power Assignment for Hierarchical UAV Networks Under Hovering Fluctuations in mmWave Communications
Authors: Azarhava Hosein , Abdollahi Mehran Pourmohammad , Musevi Niya Javad 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTIn this article, we investigate the successful transmission probability of an aerial cellular network in which an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), as a macrocell base station (UAV‐BS) serves other UAVs as aerial users. The antennas with beamforming capability are mounted on the UAVs, to increase the throughput of the network. The random effects of inner forces such as controlling errors or outer forces like the air conditions, result in the random fluctuations in the hovering UAVs. We assume Rician fading distribution over the links between the UAV‐BS and other UAVs. Then, we calculate the distribution of the corresponding channel gain under hovering fluctuations and we derive the closed form expressions for successful transmission probability for each user. Defining an optimization problem on the average successful transmission probability of the network, we obtain the best placement of UAV‐BS along with the resource allocation. The problem turns out to be a non‐convex problem and time consuming via numerical exhaustive search methods. We obtain a lower bound for the average successful transmission probability and we solve the optimization problem for this lower bound. Maximization problem for the achieved lower bound is equivalent to maximize the main problem. Using some approximations, we convert the problem to a low complex one, then, the problem becomes convex which is solved by KKT conditions and yields the location of UAV‐BS. The theoretical results reveal the influence of fluctuations on the throughput of the network and show that optimizing the lower bound probability achieves the suboptimal solution for power assignment and placement problem, which is verified by simulation results.
Blockchain With Hierarchical Auto‐Associative Polynomial Convolutional Neural Network Fostered Cryptography for Securing Image
Authors: Deepa Priya V. , Sundaram M. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTNowadays, the image security is one of the most challenging issues to address the technological age. Security is the primary issue in data management and transmission because of the original data form that is read, abused and destroyed. The cloud companies struggle to secure the file. The cloud security is the major concern in cloud computing context. Numerous researches have been presented so far to protect the cloud environment. But, none of them provides the sufficient security. Therefore, this paper proposes a Blockchain‐based technique for Image Security that combines Hierarchical Auto‐Associative Polynomial Convolutional Neural Network Fostered Cryptography (BC‐SIE‐HAPCNN‐FODCE). The Flickr30k dataset is used to collect the input images. At that point, cryptographic pixel values of picture are kept on blockchain to defend security of picture information. It uses Delegated Proof of Stake Consensus (DT‐DPoS) approach appointed confirmation of stake agreement approach. The performance parameters, like processing time, reaction time, runtime, correlation coefficient analysis, entropy analysis, mean square error, and availability are used to determine the efficacy of the proposed BC‐SIE‐HAPCNN‐FODCE approach. The performance of the proposed technique attains 18.81%, 32.05%, and 22.28% higher correlation coefficient and 25.38%, 20.81%, and 26.04% higher entropy compared with existing methods, such as Multiple Rossler lightweight Logistic sine mapping dependent Federated convolutional method with cyber blockchain in medical image encryption (BC‐SIE‐FCAL‐MRLLSM), color image encryption under Hénon‐zigzag map with chaotic restricted Boltzmann machine over Blockchain (BC‐SIE‐CRBM‐HZM) and blockchain‐assisted safe picture transmission along detection method on Internet of Medical Things Environment (BC‐SIE‐ECC‐DBN), respectively.
Hybrid Optimization With Deep Spiking Equilibrium Neural Network for Software Defined Network Based Congestion Prevention Routing
Authors: Inamdar Sadanand R. , Sadananda L. , Prasad D. Shyam 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTIn the Internet of Things (IoT) network, within a period of time it constructs a huge network of millions and billions of things that incorporate with each other, leading to various technical and application problems. Also, on‐time delivery of packets is significant in software‐defined networks. In the current software‐defined network, the bandwidth overhead is not considered when an enormous amount of traffic enters the network; this may lead to network congestion. To overcome this issue, a novel method is proposed to detect network congestion based on hybrid optimization, namely, the Hybrid Gannet with Pelican Optimization (HGPO) algorithm. The node‐level congestions and the link‐level congestions, which means the buffer overflow and the multiple nodes trying to utilize the channel at the same time, must be controlled efficiently. Once the network congestion gets controlled, the shortest route path selection and congestion prevention are performed perfectly with the aid of the proposed Deep Spiking Equilibrium Neural Network (DSENN). A few route discovery frequency vectors, such as the interroute discovery time and route discovery time of each node, are determined to prevent congestion. Finally, it is implemented in the Python platform successfully, and the achieved throughput, delay, packet loss ratio, packet delivery ratio, end‐to‐end delay, and performance measures of the proposed method are 140 Mbit/s, 17 ms, 3.8%, 0.35 s, and 100%, respectively, which outperforms the other compared traditional algorithms.
Degrees of Post‐Silking Water Deficit Alter the Structural, Pasting, and Gelatinization Properties of Waxy Maize Starch
Authors: Yang Huan , Wang Longfei , Guo Jian , Li Guanghao , Lu Dalei 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTMaize starch is an important source of industrial starch in the world, and its production is seriously affected by water deficit. Waxy maize starch is composed of nearly pure amylopectin, which endows with its high economic value. The effects of mild, moderate, and severe drought stresses during grain filling on the structural and functional properties of waxy maize starch were evaluated using two hybrids as materials. In general, the starch granule size enlarged, the branching degree decreased, and amylopectin chain length and relative crystallinity increased when both hybrids suffered post‐silking water deficit in 2 years. Meanwhile, the influence of drought degree on these starch structures depended on the hybrid and year. Peak, breakdown, and setback viscosities gradually decreased with the severity of water shortage, and trough and final viscosities were the lowest under severe drought conditions. Gelatinization enthalpy gradually decreased with the water supply decrease, and gelatinization temperatures showed an opposite trend and were the highest during severe drought. Correlation analysis indicated that the decrease in pasting viscosities and gelatinization enthalpy and the increase in gelatinization peak temperature may be due to the high proportion of low‐molecular‐weight amylopectin, low proportion of DP 25–36 chains and large granule size of starch. Furthermore, drought stress was easily destroyed the starch structure of JKN2000 and the pasting viscosities and gelatinization enthalpy of SYN5. In conclusion, water deficit during grain filling affected the structural and physicochemical properties of waxy maize starch. The lowest pasting viscosities and gelatinization enthalpy and the highest gelatinization temperatures were observed when these plants suffered severe water shortage during grain filling.
High‐Pressure Homogenization of Pomegranate Juice: Impact on Physicochemical, Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, and In Vitro Bioaccessibility Properties
Authors: Turan Emre , Aslantaş Rafet , Bilgin Jale , Aksu Muhammet Irfan 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTPomegranate is one of the most popular fruits worldwide, and it is important to maintain the overall quality and bioaccessibility of freshly squeezed pomegranate juices (PJS). The adverse effects of heat treatment on sensory properties and phytochemicals encourage the use of non‐thermal processes in the juice industry. Hereby, the effects of high‐pressure homogenization (HPH) (50, 100, and 150 MPa) on the physicochemical properties, antimicrobial activity, in vitro bioaccessibility, and antioxidant capacity of freshly‐squeezed PJS from different genotypes were investigated. Instrumental color values (L*, a*, and b*) of PJS generally decreased, while pH and aw values increased with HPH processing (p < 0.05). The antimicrobial activity of PJS was not significantly affected by HPH processing (p > 0.05). Sarıcakaya‐1 had higher bioactive constituent content and antioxidant capacity (DPPH‐ARA, ABTS‐ARA, and FRAP) than other genotypes (p < 0.05). Total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant capacity of PJS were increased by HPH treatment, whereas total anthocyanin content (TAC) and ascorbic acid content (AAC) were decreased (p < 0.05). Accordingly, HPH treatment enhanced the release of phenolics and antioxidant capacity in PJS, while largely maintaining the presence of heat‐sensitive compounds. Regardless of genotype and HPH treatment, in vitro gastrointestinal digestion adversely affected TPC, TAC, AAC, and antioxidant capacity of all PJS. However, the 150 MPa HPH treatment of Saricakaya‐1 had the highest values for TPC bioaccessibility and recovered ABTS‐ARA after in vitro gastrointestinal digestion (p < 0.05). Considering the overall data, 150 MPa HPH treatment can be recommended as an innovative approach to obtain minimally processed PJS to meet new trends in consumer demand.