bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Regulation of access to hospital beds in emergency care and the development of integrated health services
Authors: Konder Mariana , O'Dwyer Gisele 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background: Comprehensive health care delivery is a major challenge for the Brazilian Unified Health System. Inadequate coordination among different health care levels and facilities produces poor access to health care and low degree of integration across levels of care, that is worse in emergency care delivery. Health policy has focused on health care networks development and regulation of access to health care provision. In the city of Rio de Janeiro, local health policy has prioritized the development of an Emergency Care Network. This research aimed at assessing the access to hospital beds and diagnostic resources, fundamental to continuity of care this network.
Methods: Triangulation technique was employed, collecting of data from different sources and analysis resorting to multiple methods. Analysis of data from primary and secondary databases was performed. Interviews were conducted with managers and healthcare professionals involved in guaranteeing continuity of care in Emergency Care Network. Data analysis resorted to descriptive statistics and the interviews along with the data were interpreted under the conceptual framework of Integrated Health Care.
Results: Poor access to hospital beds constituted a major obstacle to improvements in continuity of care for patients in Emergency Care Network. An insufficient number of hospital beds is the primary issue. Other aspects of hospital care contribute to aggravate this deficiency: the predominance of general hospitals, the existence of small and underequipped hospitals, prolonged lengths of stay and significant discrepancies of bed occupancy rates among specialized and general hospitals. Hospitals further face disrupted internal workflows due to inadequacy and limited availability of human and physical resources. Moreover, weak cooperation between federal, state and local government leads to persistence of a fragmented network with little or absent interaction among health care facilities and professionals from different government spheres.
Conclusion: To reach a better degree of integration among health services in the city of Rio de Janeiro investments in hospital capacity and quality are needed in order to meet health care necessities. Besides, federal, state and local government need to find common ground concerning each ones’ duties in health care delivery to achieve better results in providing comprehensive health care.
Mothers satisfaction on delivery service and associated factors among mothers who gave birth at Gondar University specialized and teaching hospital, Northwest Ethiopia 2018.
Authors: Agimas Yohannes Tibebu , Boke Moges Muluneh , Abebe Solomone Mokennen 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Abstract
Background: Assessing maternal satisfaction level on maternal health care services is agreeable proxy to improve the quality of health care service, maternal health service utilization and providing client centered care. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the mothers’ satisfaction level and associated factors on delivery care of Gondar specialized teaching hospital, Northwest Ethiopia.
Methods: A Hospital based cross-sectional study with an exit interview was conducted in Gondar university referral hospital, from November 1 to 31 2018. Total of Four hundred seventy-one postpartum mothers were participated in the study. Systematic random sampling method was employed to recruit study participants. The collected data was checked visually for incompleteness and entered to Epi-info version 7 statistical software and exported to SPSS version 20 software to descriptive, bi-variable and multivariable logistic analysis. Finally, the result was presented in tables and graphs.
Results: The magnitude of mothers’ satisfaction on delivery service was 21.2%, with 95% Cl (17.6, 25.1). In multivariable logistic analysis, Residence being Urban with odd ratio 0.34 (AOR=0.34; 95% CI 0.17, 0.68), Spontaneous vaginal delivery with odd ratio 0.28 [AOR=0.28; 95%; Cl (0.14, 0.57] and Child birth space interval of 12-24 months with odd ratio 0.22 [AOR=0.22; 95%; Cl (0.08,0.55)] were inversely associated with mothers’ satisfaction. while, short waiting time to see health care providers with odd ratio 9.69 [AOR=9.69; 95% Cl: (3.16,29.76)] was positively associated with mothers’ satisfaction on childbirth care services.
Conclusion and Recommendation: The overall satisfaction of mothers on facility based child birth care is low when compared with other studies. Urban dwellers, mode of delivery and short child birth space interval and short waiting time to see health care providers were significantly associated with mother’s satisfaction level of facility delivery care services. Therefore, to elating the faced maternal health care services quality difficulty, the policymakers and quality improvement program designers need to give attention on activities that change wrong perceptions of mothers on mode of delivery and intervention that ensure normal healthy child birth space time interval.
Socio-economic factors of high trash generation in the city of Los Angeles
Authors: Liang Xiaoyu , Park Mi-Hyun , Stenstrom Michael K. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Trash is one of major pollutants in urban runoff. Some studies have been conducted to verify the different impacts of land use on trash generation in a qualitative way and focused on the performance of trash control measures. Few studies have explored the human impacts on trash generation or developed a quantitative model to describe the phenomenon. This paper examined the impact of human activity on trash generation. Spatial regimes on high trash generation areas were identified using the selected variables from best subset model regression and validated with Moran's I scatter plot and spatial analysis of variance. Bidirectional spatial lag regression with regimes was performed to develop the final model to explain the spatial distribution of trash generation and identify its major causes. The result showed that economic status and occupation of the population were correlated with trash accumulation and the dominant land use type, and the distance to rivers most affected trash generation. The effects of these indicators were different within and outside the high trash generation areas.
A Systematic Review on Synthetic Drugs and Phytopharmaceuticals Used to Manage Diabetes
Authors: Banerjee Mayukh , Khursheed Rubiya , Yadav Ankit Kumar , Singh Sachin Kumar , Gulati Monica , Pandey Devendra Kumar , Prabhakar Pranav Kumar , Kumar Rajesh , Porwal Omji , Awasthi Ankit , Kumari Yogita , Kaur Gurmandeep , Ayinkamiye Clarisse , Prashar Rahul , Mankotia Diksha , Pandey Narendra Kumar 
Published: August 2019

Background:
Diabetes is a multifactorial disease and a major cause for many microvascular
and macrovascular complications. The disease will ultimately lead to high rate mortality if it is not
managed properly. Treatment of diabetes without any side effects has always remained a major challenge
for health care practitioners.

Introduction:
The current review discusses the various conventional drugs, herbal drugs, combination
therapy and the use of nutraceuticals for the effective management of diabetes mellitus. The biotechnological
aspects of various antidiabetic drugs are also discussed.

Methods:
Structured search of bibliographic databases for previously published peer-reviewed research
papers was explored and data was sorted in terms of various approaches that are used for the treatment
of diabetes.

Results:
More than 170 papers including both research and review articles, were included in this review
in order to produce a comprehensive and easily understandable article. A series of herbal and synthetic
drugs have been discussed along with their current status of treatment in terms of dose, mechanism of
action and possible side effects. The article also focuses on combination therapies containing synthetic
as well as herbal drugs to treat the disease. The role of pre and probiotics in the management of diabetes
is also highlighted.

Conclusion:
Oral antihyperglycemics which are used to treat diabetes can cause many adverse effects
and if given in combination, can lead to drug-drug interactions. The combination of various phytochemicals
with synthetic drugs can overcome the challenge faced by the synthetic drug treatment.
Herbal and nutraceuticals therapy and the use of probiotics and prebiotics are a more holistic therapy
due to their natural origin and traditional use.
Comparison of Shear Bond Strength of MIM Technology Brackets with Conventional and Rail-Shaped Mesh Bases: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Molina Francisco , Freitas Karina Maria Salvatore , Binz Ordóñez Maria Cristina Rockenbach , Cruz Emerson Flamarion , Henriques Rafael Pinelli , Aguirre Balseca Guillermo Mauricio 
Published: August 2019

Objective:
The objective of this study was to evaluate in vitro the shear bond strength of two types of MIM (Metal Injection Molding) technology brackets, one with conventional mesh base and the other with rail-shaped mesh base.

Materials and Methods:
Forty human premolars received the bonding of 2 types of brackets: Group 1- 20 Synergy metal brackets (Rocky Mountain) with conventional mesh base and Group 2-20 H4 brackets (OrthoClassic) with rail-shaped mesh base. Both brackets were bonded with Resilience photopolymerizable resin (OrthoTechnology). The specimens were coupled to a Tinius Olsen universal test machine where the shear test was performed using a chisel. In addition, the amount of remaining resin in tooth crown with the ImageJ program was evaluated and the Adhesive Remnant Index (ARI). Intergroup comparison was performed by the independent t test and Chi-square test.

Results:
There was no statistically significant difference between the groups for any of the measures evaluated indicating that the mesh type of the brackets’ base with MIM technology did not influence the shear bond strength of the brackets (shear bond strength, p=0.191; maximum load registered, p=0.244). There was also no difference between the percentage (p=0.602) and area of remaining resin in the teeth (p=0.805) and IRA (p=0.625) between the Synergy and H4 groups.

Conclusion:
Shear bond strength was similar in the two types of brackets with MIM technology evaluated. In addition, the remaining resin in the dental enamel of two types of brackets were also similar.
Arthrodesis of the Distal Interphalangeal Joint and the Thumb Interphalangeal Joint: A Retrospective Comparison of Kirschner Wires and the Acutrak 2 Headless Compression Screw
Authors: Vedel Jens-Christian , Jorgensen Rasmus Wejnold , Jensen Claus Hjorth 
Published: August 2019

Background:
Headless compression screws have become first choice for achieving arthrodesis in the distal interphalangeal joint and thumb interphalangeal joint. Only few comparisons between headless compression screws and other methods have been published.

Objective:
To assess healing and complication rate after arthrodesis of the distal interphalangeal joint or the thumb interphalangeal joint using a headless compression screw or Kirschner wires.

Methods:
A retrospective analysis of 148 consecutive primary fusions performed with the Acutrak 2 headless compression screw (n=107) or K-wires (n=41) was conducted. Healing was assessed clinically and radiographically at 6 to 8 weeks postoperatively.

Results:
In 89% of cases fusion had been achieved at 6 to 8 weeks postoperatively using the headless compression screw. 7 cases healed after 8 weeks. Secondary surgery with screw removal was required in 11 cases due to screw prominence, infection or non-union.
In 71% of cases fusion had been achieved at 6 to 8 weeks postoperatively using Kirschner wires showing a lower fusion rate at this stage as compared to the headless compression screw group (p<0.05). 9 joints in the Kirschner wire group fused at some point after 8 weeks of follow up yielding a total fusion rate of 93% which was similar to 96% in the headless compression screw group (p>0.05). One infection occurred in the Kirschner wire group.

Conclusion:
Arthrodesis can be achieved with either a headless compression screw or Kirschner wires both showing equivalent total fusion rates though fusion may occur earlier using a headless compression screw.
Surface Modification: Approaches and Utilities
Authors: Mahalwar Anand 
Published: August 2019

:
Surface modification is the modification of the surface (either of carrier, drug or targeting
moiety) by which solubility, opsonization, adhesion, longer circulation, and bioconjugation of an object
can be achieved.

:
Techniques which modify surface properties of carriers, drugs, ligands, excipients, coating materials,
etc. by introducing random, non-specific groups or selected, specific groups can be used to alter the
surface properties of the object. Through this review, a small attempt is made to understand the surface
modification techniques. In this review, several methods (surface modification by solid dispersion
technique, surfactants, polaxamer and polaxamine coating, PEG (polyethylene glycol), Vitamin
E, Dextran derivatives, Chitosan coating, chemicals, gas and through layer by layer techniques) are
discussed for surface modification. A concise review was done to explore the availability of techniques
and agents available to introduce a specific group into the object.
Exploring Mediators of a Guided Web-Based Self-Help Intervention for People With HIV and Depressive Symptoms: Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: van Luenen Sanne , Kraaij Vivian , Spinhoven Philip , Wilderjans Tom F , Garnefski Nadia 
Published: August 2019

Background
Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is frequently used to treat depressive symptoms in people living with HIV. We developed an internet-based cognitive behavioral intervention for people with HIV and depressive symptoms, which was based on an effective self-help booklet. The Web-based intervention was previously found to be effective.

Objective
The objective of this study was to investigate potential mediators of the Web-based intervention.

Methods
This study was part of a randomized controlled trial, in which the intervention was compared with an attention-only waiting list control condition. Participants were 188 (97 in intervention group and 91 in control group) people with HIV and mild to moderate depressive symptoms recruited in HIV treatment centers in the Netherlands. A total of 22 participants (22/188, 11.7%) in the study were female and 166 (166/188, 88.3%) were male. The average age of the participants was 46.30 years (SD 10.63). The intervention comprised Web-based self-help CBT for 8 weeks, 1 to 2 hours a week, including minimal telephone support from a coach. The participants received Web-based questionnaires at pretest, 3 times during the intervention/or waiting period, and post intervention. The outcome was depressive symptoms. Factors tested as potential mediators were changes in behavioral activation, relaxation, the cognitive coping strategies catastrophizing and positive refocusing, goal re-engagement, and coping self-efficacy.

Results
Using multilevel structural equation modeling, changes in behavioral activation (P=.006) and goal re-engagement (P=.009) were found to be significant mediators of the intervention effect. The mediation effect seemed to occur between weeks 3 and 5 for behavioral activation and weeks 1 and 3 for goal re-engagement. Using (bivariate) autoregressive latent trajectory analysis, we found a return effect (from the dependent variable to the mediator) for goal re-engagement but not for behavioral activation, which suggested that the mediation effect of changes in behavioral activation was stronger than that in goal re-engagement.

Conclusions
The results suggest that changes in behavioral activation and goal re-engagement may mediate the effect of the Web-based intervention for people with HIV and depressive symptoms. The results may lead to possible mechanisms of change of the intervention and improvement of therapy outcomes.

Clinical Trial
Netherlands Trial Register NTR5407; https://www.trialregister.nl/trial/5298
Secular Trends in Incidence, Modality and Mortality with Dialysis Receiving AKI in Children in Ontario
Authors: Chanchlani Rahul , Nash Danielle Marie , McArthur Eric , Zappitelli Michael , Archer Victoria , Kuwornu John Paul , Garg Amit X. , Greenberg Jason H. , Goldstein Stuart L. , Thabane Lehana , Wald Ron 
Published: August 2019

Background and objectives
There is a limited appreciation of the epidemiology of dialysis-receiving AKI in children. The primary objective of the study was to evaluate changes in the incidence of dialysis-receiving AKI among children over a period of 20 years in Ontario, Canada. The secondary objectives were to assess temporal trends in the utilization of various dialysis modalities and 30-day mortality among children with dialysis-receiving AKI.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
All children (29 days to 18 years) who received their first dialysis for AKI between 1996 and 2015 were identified from healthcare administrative databases. Those who received dialysis for ESKD, inborn errors of metabolism, and poisonings were excluded. The incidence rates of dialysis-receiving AKI were reported annually. The Cochran—Armitage test was used to assess trends in the incidence and short-term mortality after dialysis-receiving AKI.

Results
We identified 1394 children treated with dialysis for AKI during a hospital stay. There was a significant increase in the incidence of dialysis-receiving AKI among hospitalized children from 1996 (0.58 per 1000 person-years) to 2015 (0.65 per 1000 person-years) (P=0.01). The use of continuous kidney replacement therapy and intermittent hemodialysis increased whereas the relative use of peritoneal dialysis declined over time. Thirty-day mortality rates after dialysis-receiving AKI increased from 14% to 25% between 1996 and 2009 and reduced to 19% in the more recent years (P=0.03).

Conclusions
In Ontario, the incidence of dialysis-receiving AKI among children has increased between 1996 and 2015. The use of peritoneal dialysis for AKI has declined and the short-term mortality after dialysis-receiving AKI has increased.
Avaliação de Desempenho Individual da Comissão Nacional de Energia Nuclear: um estudo meta-avaliativo
Authors: Bezerra Leonardo Ferreira , Filho Ovidio Orlando , Gomes Marcus Brauer , Zouain Deborah Moraes 
Published: August 2019

O presente estudo é uma meta-avaliação somativa que teve como objetivo avaliar a qualidade do processo de avaliação de desempenho individual dos servidores da Comissão Nacional de Energia Nuclear (CNEN), sendo norteado pela curiosidade cientÃ­fica de se conhecer em que medida a avaliação de desempenho individual da CNEN atende aos padrões de qualidade disseminados pelo Joint Committee on Standards for Educational Evaluation. A metodologia utilizada foi pautada na abordagem voltada para a administração e teve como base orientadora do estudo a elaboração de um quadro de critérios Ã luz dos padrões supracitados. Além do questionário, foi utilizado no estudo a observação deste autor realizada no contexto onde o fenômeno estudado ocorreu. Em relação aos resultados, pode-se inferir que a avaliação de desempenho desenvolvida na nessa autarquia pode ser considerada de qualidade, destacando-se a confiança dos servidores pelos dados, o processo de comunicação das etapas do programa, a credibilidade dos avaliadores, o processo de negociação das metas e adaptabilidade do instrumento no decorrer do ciclo. Porém, observa-se algumas oportunidades de melhoria, considerando a relevância da avaliação como ferramenta para aprimorar o desempenho dos servidores da autarquia. Entre os pontos que necessitam de aprimoramento pode-se citar que, atualmente, existe um desconhecimento da fundamentação legal e justificativas do processo avaliativo por parte dos servidores e a falta de clareza em relação ao conteúdo do relatório final da avaliação. Dentre as recomendações deste estudo, pode-se considerar como as mais relevantes a necessidade de: divulgação dos resultados desta meta-avaliação aos servidores; promoção de reuniões para conscientizar os servidores da importância da avaliação, explicando sua fundamentação legal, justificativas; e, capacitação dos avaliadores da área de gestão de pessoas da CNEN.
Dispositivos de Saúde Mental e Políticas Públicas: proposta de um instrumento para avaliar a implementação dos Centros de Atenção Psicossocial
Authors: Soares Cesar Pedrosa , Queiroga Fabiana 
Published: August 2019

Com o objetivo de desenvolver instrumentos para avaliar a efetividade do processo de implementação dos CAPS, essa pesquisa se apoiou em metodos qualitativos e quantitativos de investigação. Alem disso, considerou-se a perspectiva relacionada ao modelo hibrido de analise de politicas públicas, com o intuito de abarcar a complexidade inerente ao campo da saúde mental. Primeiramente, foi realizado um mapeamento das leis e diretrizes que orientam a implementação dos CAPS; posteriormente, foi realizada uma analise documental dos prontuarios destes servicos e; a partir dos dados obtidos, foram realizados dois grupos focais. Os resultados possibilitaram a construção e aplicação dos instrumentos de avaliação dos CAPS. Estes apontaram que os servicos, possivelmente, nao estao sendo implementados de forma efetiva. Os instrumentos propostos possibilitaram a utilização de indicadores que compoem um leque de perspectivas que podem contribuir com a avaliação da implementação dos CAPS no pais.
CONTRIBUIÇÕES POSSÍVEIS DA ETNOGRAFIA E DA AUTO-ETNOGRAFIA PARA A PESQUISA NA PRÁTICA ARTÍSTICA
Authors: Fortin; Trad. Helena Mello Sylvie 
Published: August 2019

Artigo original: Fortin, Sylvie. 2006. « Apports possibles de l’ethnographie et de l’autoethnographie pour la recherche en pratique artistique ». In La recherche en création : pour une compréhension de la recherche en pratique artistique, sous la dir. de Gosselin, P. et E. Le Coguiec, p. 97-109, Québec : Presses de l’Université du Québec. Trd. Helena Mello
PENERAPAN ATURAN DELIK PENIPUAN DALAM KASUS PENERBITAN BILYET GIRO KOSONG
Authors: Siagian Borris Ficthe 
Published: August 2019

Bilyet giro is a payment instrument that use for a non cash payment. It’s a payment order for the bank to transfer a money form drawer‘s giro account to receiver’s giro account. Bilyet giro users know term the empty of bilyet giro, that is a bilyet giro that has been rejected by bank so bank don’t take order from bilyet giro. Someone that draw it, also known as defaulting party in civil law. Society development make the empty of bilyet giro become a criminal acts of fraud, through KUHP article 378. This research gaols is to find out, is it possible for that case that related to a civil law can be implement with a criminal acts of fraud. Analysis method in this research used a qualitive method that analyzing obtained data and conclude them with deductive way that relate to how to implement a criminal acts of fraud this case. This research result is the acts of fraud can be implement to this case when in that case include some lie, that’s one of the element of KUHP article 378. This Implementation is to punish someone that uses the empty of bilyet giro as a tool to cheat other.
Shapley-Folkman-Lyapunov theorem and Asymmetric First price auctions
Authors: Josheski Dushko , Karamazova Elena , Apostolov Mico 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
In this paper non-convexity in economics has been revisited. Shapley-Folkman-Lyapunov theorem has been tested with the asymmetric auctions where bidders follow log-concave probability distributions (non-convex preferences). Ten standard statistical distributions have been used to describe the bidders’ behavior. In principle what is been tested is that equilibrium price can be achieved where the sum of large number non-convex sets is convex (approximately), so that optimization is possible. Convexity is thus very important in economics.