bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ВПЛИВ МІСЦЕВОЇ ТА ЗАГАЛЬНОЇ МЕТАБОЛІЧНОЇ ТЕРАПІЇ НА СТАН ЗОРОВОГО АНАЛІЗАТОРА В ДІТЕЙ ІЗ НАБУТОЮ МІОПІЄЮ, АСОЦІЙОВАНОЮ З СИНДРОМОМ НЕДИФЕРЕНЦІЙОВАНОЇ ДИСПЛАЗІЇ СПОЛУЧНОЇ ТКАНИНИ
Authors: Tsybulska Т. Ye. , Pashkova O. Ye. 
Published: September 2018

Significant role in the formation of myopic refraction in children plays the syndrome of undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia (SUCTD). On the background of metabolic abnormalities of the connective tissue occur morphological changes in the connective tissue of the sclera, which change its supporting function and contribute to the development and progression of myopia. This substantiates the expediency of the appointment of local and general metabolic therapy in the treatment of this category of children.The aim of the study – to evaluate the effect of local metabolic therapy on the state of the visual analyzer in children with acquired myopia associated with SU CTD.Materials and Methods. Оphthalmologic examination was performed on 65 children (130 eyes) from 7 to 12 years old with acquired myopia and phenotypic features of SU CTD . I group – 35 patients (70 eyes) received complex metabolic therapy for 2 months with the preparation "Cardonat", "Magnesium V6", and also eye drops "Tioretin A". The second group of observation included 15 children (30 eyes) with acquired myopia and SUDST who did not receive general and local therapy.Results and Discussion. After treatment in children of the group I, visual acuity is increased by an average of 0.15 c.u., obtained in 82.8 % of patients (58 eyes), reserves of absolute accommodation, reserve of relative accommodation by an average of 1.5 dpi and 2.5 dpi (p<0.05). In group II, on the contrary, the reduction of uncompressed visual acuity was determined at 0.09 c.u. (p<0.05), the indicators of accommodation function did not change significantly, remaining low. In the group I, only 17.1 % of patients (12 eyes) experienced an increase in clinical refraction by an average of 0.25–0.5 dpi, (p>0.05). In the group II, this indicator increased by an average of 0.42 dpi (p<0.05). The increase in the axial length of the eye was an average of 0.12 mm in the group I; 0.22 mm in the group II (p<0.05).Conclusions. Metabolic therapy by using Cardonate, Magnesium V6 and eye drops "Thioretin A" in children with myopia associated with SU CTD increases the visual acuity without correction on average by 1.8 times, increases the absolute accommodation and reserves of relative accommodation on average 2.1 and 1.9 times respectively.
ДЕЯКІ ОСОБЛИВОСТІ СУЇЦИДАЛЬНОЇ ПОВЕДІНКИ ХВОРИХ НА ПАРАНОЇДНУ ШИЗОФРЕНІЮ
Authors: Marunkevych Ya. Yu. 
Published: September 2018

Suicidal behavior is one of the most pressing social and medical problems. At the same time, a number of important issues related to the suicidal behavior of schizophrenic patients, in particular gender features, remain insufficiently studied.The aim of the study – to learn the peculiarities of suicidal behavior of patients with paranoid schizophrenia taking into account the gender factor on the basis of a comparative analysis of medical records and direct clinical research.Materials and Methods. To study the peculiarities of suicidal behavior of patients with paranoid schizophrenia, taking into account the gender factor, a study of suicidal behavior was conducted by studying medical records of 407 men and 409 women and a clinical examination of 53 men and 49 women with paranoid schizophrenia.Results and Discussion. A relatively low prevalence of suicidal phenomena before the onset of schizophrenia: a suicidal ideation was found in 1.0 % of men and 1.5 % of women according to medical records and 5.7 % of men and 4.1 % of women according to the clinical examination, suicidal actions – in 1.5 % of women according to medical records. Installed that after the debut of schizophrenia, the suicidal activity of patients sharply increases: according to the analysis of medical documentation suicidal thoughts were found in 17.2 % of men and 18.8 % of women, according to the clinical survey – in 47.2 % of men and 20.4 % of women, suicide attempts were in 9.3% and 15.6%, respectively, and 26.4 %, respectively, versus 10.2 %. The significant severity of psychopathological symptoms of schizophrenia in patients with suicidal tendencies is established. The most closely associated with the presence of suicidal thoughts are negative symptoms and behavioral disorders (97.3 % among all patients, 95.7 % among men, 98.7 % among women according to the documentation analysis, 100.0 % according to the clinical survey). Suicidal actions are characterized by close association with negative symptoms.Conclusions. Patients with paranoid schizophrenia are characterized by high suicidal activity, both at the level of suicidal thoughts and at the level of suicidal actions.
СУБМІКРОСКОПІЧНІ ЗМІНИ КОМПОНЕНТІВ АЕРОГЕМАТИЧНОГО БАР’ЄРУ РЕСПІРАТОРНОГО ВІДДІЛУ ЛЕГЕНЬ ЩУРІВ У РАННІ ТЕРМІНИ ПІСЛЯ ГОСТРОГО УРАЖЕННЯ ХЛОРИДНОЮ КИСЛОТОЮ
Authors: Beskyy V. O. , Nebesna Z. M. , Marushchak M. I. , Hryshchuk L. A. 
Published: September 2018

Submicroscopic studies of the respiratory part of the lungs after 2 and 6 hours after the experimental acute lung injury with hydrochloric acid established adaptive-compensatory and destructive changes in the components of the air-blood barrier.The aim of the study – to learn submicroscopic changes in the components of the air-blood barrier of the lungs in the early period after acute lung injury.Materials and Methods. The experiments were carried out on 30 white mature non-linear male rats weighing 200–220 g. The animals were divided into 3 groups: 1 – control group, 2 – hydrochloric acid damage after 2 hours, 3 – hydrochloric acid damage after 6 hour.Results and Discussion. In an experiment on mature white rats, a study was made of the submicroscopic state of the components of the air-blood barrier in the early periods after acute lung injury. It has been established that adaptive-compensatory and initial destructive changes of the alveolar epithelium and the walls of the hemocapillary take place at 2 o'clock in the experiment. The cytoplasm of respiratory epitheliocytes during this period of the experiment was focal-edematous and enlightened, organelles were destructively altered. For alveolocytes of type I, there was a significant swelling and clarification of the cytoplasm. During this period of the experiment, an increased number of actively phagocytizing macrophages appeared, which acquired a rounded shape, clearly contoured membranes of the cariolema, their invaginations were determined, and in the karyoplasm euchromatin predominated. In alveolocytes of type II, after 6 hours, the progression of destructive changes was established. For which there were peculiarity hypertrophied nuclei with deep invagination of the cariolema, in which there were few nuclear pores, locally expanded perinuclear space. In the edematous cytoplasm, organelles were found to be destructively altered.Conclusions. Acute damage to the lungs leads to a disruption of the ultrastructural organization of the air-blood barrier. Established adaptive-compensatory processes and signs of destructive changes in the alveolar epithelium and the walls of hemocapillaries, which leads to deterioration of gas-exchange processes in the lungs.
“To See Thee I Must [See] Thee, to Love, Love”
Authors: Lichtmann Maria 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
In early poems from his years at Oxford, before his conversion to Roman Catholicism and reception into the church by John Henry Newman, Gerard Manley Hopkins wrote several poems, “The Half-way House,” “Nondum,” “Let me to Thee,” and “My prayers must meet a brazen heaven,” where the absence of God—of the direct, immediate experience of God—is the theme. The poet seems to long for an ontological moment of being in his words, “inscaped” by God. In his childhood faith of the established religion of the Church of England, he has known only a God who is “above.” When he prays the paradox, “To see Thee, I must see Thee, to love, love,” Hopkins is setting out a major theme of his poetic and personal endeavors. This note of longing for an immanent God will be both fulfilled and frustrated in his life and in his art. Duns Scotus’s two incarnations of Christ, into the Eucharist and into human nature, will bring much of that fulfillment philosophically, as his acceptance of the Real Presence brought it spiritually.
Early Hanseatic Manuscripts in the Mid-Eighteenth-Century Discourse between Lübeck and Saint Petersburg
Authors: Squires Catherine 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
This paper deals with the correspondence between Carl Heinrich Dreyer (1723–1802), the syndic of Lübeck, Germany, and Gerhard Friedrich Müller (1705–1783), Secretary of the Academy of Sciences in Saint Petersburg, Russia. The letters, written in 1761–1762, exhibit international cooperation in the scholarly study of medieval Hanseatic trade with Novgorod the Great. Dreyer’s letter accompanies his gift to the Academy of a thirteenth-century parchment document, a lesser-known copy of the famous treaty of 1269. This article discusses Dreyer’s membership of the Academy in connection to the prospects of further research cooperation. In addition, details of archival practice and aspects of scholarly morals are discussed against a background of ethical, historical and political issues of the day. As this article will demonstrate, some consequences of the described events and decisions can be connected to modern problems of historiography.
Ozonesonde Quality Assurance: The JOSIE–SHADOZ (2017) Experience
Authors: Thompson Anne M. , Smit Herman G. J. , Witte Jacquelyn C. , Stauffer Ryan M. , Johnson Bryan J. , Morris Gary , von der Gathen Peter , Van Malderen Roeland , Davies Jonathan , Piters Ankie , Allaart Marc , Posny Françoise , Kivi Rigel , Cullis Patrick , Hoang Anh Nguyen Thi , Corrales Ernesto , Machinini Tshidi , da Silva Francisco R. , Paiman George , Thiong’o Kennedy , Zainal Zamuna , Brothers George B. , Wolff Katherine R. , Nakano Tatsumi , Stübi Rene , Romanens Gonzague , Coetzee Gert J. R. , Diaz Jorge A. , Mitro Sukarni , Mohamad Maznorizan , Ogino Shin-Ya 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe ozonesonde is a small balloon-borne instrument that is attached to a standard radiosonde to measure profiles of ozone from the surface to 35 km with ∼100-m vertical resolution. Ozonesonde data constitute a mainstay of satellite calibration and are used for climatologies and analysis of trends, especially in the lower stratosphere where satellites are most uncertain. The electrochemical concentration cell (ECC) ozonesonde has been deployed at ∼100 stations worldwide since the 1960s, with changes over time in manufacture and procedures, including details of the cell chemical solution and data processing. As a consequence, there are biases among different stations and discontinuities in profile time series from individual site records. For 22 years the Jülich (Germany) Ozonesonde Intercomparison Experiment (JOSIE) has periodically tested ozonesondes in a simulation chamber designated the World Calibration Centre for Ozonesondes (WCCOS) by WMO. During October–November 2017 a JOSIE campaign evaluated the sondes and procedures used in Southern Hemisphere Additional Ozonesondes (SHADOZ), a 14-station sonde network operating in the tropics and subtropics. A distinctive feature of the 2017 JOSIE was that the tests were conducted by operators from eight SHADOZ stations. Experimental protocols for the SHADOZ sonde configurations, which represent most of those in use today, are described, along with preliminary results. SHADOZ stations that follow WMO-recommended protocols record total ozone within 3% of the JOSIE reference instrument. These results and prior JOSIEs demonstrate that regular testing is essential to maintain best practices in ozonesonde operations and to ensure high-quality data for the satellite and ozone assessment communities.
A Comprehensive Observational Study of Graupel and Hail Terminal Velocity, Mass Flux, and Kinetic Energy
Authors: Heymsfield Andrew , Szakáll Miklós , Jost Alexander , Giammanco Ian , Wright Robert 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
This study uses novel approaches to estimate the fall characteristics of hail, covering a size range from about 0.5 to 7 cm, and the drag coefficients of lump and conical graupel. Three-dimensional (3D) volume scans of 60 hailstones of sizes from 2.5 to 6.7 cm were printed in three dimensions using acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) plastic, and their terminal velocities were measured in the Mainz, Germany, vertical wind tunnel. To simulate lump graupel, 40 of the hailstones were printed with maximum dimensions of about 0.2, 0.3, and 0.5 cm, and their terminal velocities were measured. Conical graupel, whose three dimensions (maximum dimension 0.1–1 cm) were estimated from an analytical representation and printed, and the terminal velocities of seven groups of particles were measured in the tunnel. From these experiments, with printed particle densities from 0.2 to 0.9 g cm−3, together with earlier observations, relationships between the drag coefficient and the Reynolds number and between the Reynolds number and the Best number were derived for a wide range of particle sizes and heights (pressures) in the atmosphere. This information, together with the combined total of more than 2800 hailstones for which the mass and the cross-sectional area were measured, has been used to develop size-dependent relationships for the terminal velocity, the mass flux, and the kinetic energy of realistic hailstones.
Investigation of Sand Ripple Dynamics with Combined Particle Image and Tracking Velocimetry
Authors: Frank-Gilchrist Donya P. , Penko Allison , Calantoni Joseph 
Published: September 2018

AbstractAccurately assessing the response of sediments to oscillatory flows requires high-resolution fluid velocity and sediment transport measurements at the fluid–sediment interface. Fluid and sediment grain velocities were measured simultaneously with combined particle image and tracking velocimetry under oscillatory flows over movable sand ripples. Three high-speed cameras equipped with varying optical filters were used to distinguish between fluorescent fluid tracers and the grains, from which the fluid and grain velocities were determined, respectively. Individual grains were tracked during transport to determine velocities and trajectories. Sediment grains were first mobilized by a vortex impacting the bed during flow reversal and suspended into the water column just prior to vortex ejection from the ripple crest, similar to previous observations. During phases of maximum flow velocity, additional grains were mobilized by the shear stress and were subsequently suspended. The flow reversed and similar observations were made in the opposite direction. Consequently, four peaks in suspended sediment concentration were observed throughout the flow cycle, consistent with previous observations. However, some previous researchers attributed peaks in suspended sediment concentration occurring during phases of maximum flow velocity to sediment-laden vortices that were shed from adjacent ripples. The measured sediment grain velocities were of similar magnitude and phase to the near-bed fluid velocities when the grains were being advected with the flow. Measurements of suspended sediment concentration agreed well with semiempirical formulations having an average root-mean-square deviation of approximately 4 × 10−5m3m−3. Predictions of settling velocity also compared well with the laboratory estimates, agreeing to within 90%.
Can the Direct Effect of Aerosols Improve Subseasonal Predictability?
Authors: Benedetti Angela , Vitart Frédéric 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
The fact that aerosols are important players in Earth’s radiation balance is well accepted by the scientific community. Several studies have shown the importance of characterizing aerosols in order to constrain surface radiative fluxes and temperature in climate runs. In numerical weather prediction, however, there has not been definite proof that interactive aerosol schemes are needed to improve the forecast. Climatologies are instead used that allow for computational efficiency and reasonable accuracy. At the monthly to subseasonal range, it is still worth investigating whether aerosol variability could afford some predictability, considering that it is likely that persisting aerosol biases might manifest themselves more over time scales of weeks to months and create a nonnegligible forcing. This paper explores this hypothesis using the ECMWF’s Ensemble Prediction System for subseasonal prediction with interactive prognostic aerosols. Four experiments are conducted with the aim of comparing the monthly prediction by the default system, which uses aerosol climatologies, with the prediction using radiatively interactive aerosols. Only the direct aerosol effect is considered. Twelve years of reforecasts with 50 ensemble members are analyzed on the monthly scale. Results indicate that the interactive aerosols have the capability of improving the subseasonal prediction at the monthly scales for the spring/summer season. It is hypothesized that this is due to the aerosol variability connected to the different phases of the Madden–Julian oscillation, particularly that of dust and carbonaceous aerosols. The degree of improvement depends crucially on the aerosol initialization. More work is required to fully assess the potential of interactive aerosols to increase predictability at the subseasonal scales.
Effect of Nasal Valve Shape on Downstream Volume, Airflow, and Pressure Drop: Importance of the Nasal Valve Revisited
Authors: Naughton John P. , Lee Andrew Y. , Ramos Eric , Wootton David , Stupak Howard D. 
Published: September 2018

Objectives: The relative importance of the nasal valve relative to the remainder of the nasal airway remains unknown. The goal of this article was to objectively measure the shape of the nasal inlet and its effect on downstream airflow and nasal cavity volume using a physical model and a physiologic flow model. Methods: A patient who had isolated nasal valve surgery and had pre- and postoperative computed tomography scans available for analysis was studied. Nasal inlet shape measurements, computational fluid dynamics, and nasal volume analysis were performed using the computed tomography data. In addition, a physical model was used to determine the effect of nasal obstruction on downstream soft tissue. Results: The postoperative shape of the nasal inlet was improved in terms of length and degree of tortuosity. Whereas the operated-on region at the nasal inlet showed an only 25% increase in cross-sectional area postoperatively, downstream nonoperated sites in the nasal cavity revealed increases in area ranging from 33% to 51%. Computational fluid dynamics analysis showed that airway resistance decreased by 42%, and pressure drop was reduced by 43%. Intraluminal mucosal expansion was found with nasal obstruction in the physical model. Conclusion: By decreasing the degree of bending and length at the nasal valve, inspiratory downstream nonoperated sites of the nasal cavity showed improvement in volume and airflow, suggesting that the nasal valve could play an oversized role in modulating the aerodynamics of the airway. This was confirmed with the physical model of nasal obstruction on downstream mucosa.
Change over Time in the Thermal Conductivity of Ten-Year-Old PUR Rigid Foam Boards with Diffusion-Open Facings
Authors: Albrecht W. 
Published: September 2018

To estimate the long-term change in thermal conductivity of PUR rigid foam, various accelerated ageing processes (e.g. 70 °C ageing procedure) are used. Results of ageing processes are safety increments to cover a lifetime in practice of between 25 and 50 years.To compare estimated increments with the change over time in thermal conductivity of real boards, a research project was started. The research project was sponsored by the German Polyurethane Producers’ Association (IVPU) and funds of the German Minister of Economics over the AIF (Association of Industrial Research Institutes).The tables and diagrams show the thermal conductivity of PUR boards in full thickness and the cell gas composition over a period of ten years.The shape of the curves and the measured values are compared with the typical diffusion coefficients and thermal conductivity of cell gases.The development of the curves shows that the fixed increments in the European PUR standard EN 13165, 2001–10 for pentane blown PUR foams are correctly calculated. These fixed increments provide assurance for the users of PUR rigid foam boards over very long periods (e.g. 25 years) and give confidence to the builders and the building supervisory authorities.
Compliance with compression therapy in primary chronic venous disease: Results from a tropical country
Authors: Ayala Álvaro , Guerra Jose D , Ulloa Jorge H , Kabnick Lowell 
Published: September 2018

Objectives To describe compliance rates of compression therapy in a cohort of patients with chronic venous disease and also to describe frequent causes of non-compliance. Methods A total of 889 patients with primary chronic venous disease were prescribed compression therapy after being evaluated by vascular surgeons. Subjects had a first visit during which time compression therapy was prescribed in addition to a follow-up visit. Strength of compression, type, prescription duration, and reasons of non-compliance were queried at follow-up. Results Only 31.8% of the patients reported wearing compression therapy as prescribed, 31.4% reported wearing compression most days, 28.3% reported wearing compression intermittently, and 8.5% of the patients reported not wearing compression at all. The main reasons of non-compliance were: uncomfortable (49.4%), too difficult to put on (34.5%), skin problems (itching) (21.5%), and unattractive (19.8%). Conclusions Compliance with compression therapy in chronic venous disease is still a subject of concern as most patients are not using compression therapy as prescribed.
Oil Bleeding Behaviour of Self-Lubricating Liquid Silicone Rubbers
Authors: Pohmer K. 
Published: September 2018

The term liquid silicone rubber (LSR) covers a whole range of two-pack, heat-curing products, which may be processed using liquid injection moulding (LIM), a technique similar to thermoplastic injection moulding. Although this product group only accounts for about one thousandth of the world rubber market (corresponding to approximately 18 000 t/a) and is therefore a speciality rubber (ref. 1), due to their excellent properties, such as thermal stability, low-temperature flexibility, constantly good mechanical properties over a wide temperature range and good physiological compatibility to name but a few, products made of LSR are used in a wide variety of applications in many different fields. The most important fields of application include household appliances and the food industry, electronics and electrical engineering, sports and leisure activities and the automotive and aerospace industries (ref. 2). As a result of their low-temperature flexibility and heat stability, silicone rubbers are used for numerous applications in the automotive sector. Examples include spark-plug socket jackets, radiator seals, exhaust mountings, O-rings, seals and membranes. Nowadays, it is standard practice to use weather packs made of special silicone rubbers to which has been added a silicone oil incompatible with rubber and which exudes slowly after the product has cured for sealing cable connectors for wiring harnesses.
Flocking of Rubber Profiles for the Automotive Industry
Authors: Wefringhaus R. 
Published: September 2018

Over the past few decades, electrostatic flocking of rubber profiles has developed into an important technique which is now extensively used in the automobile industry. Flocked profiles are used on car doors, sunroofs and windows. They have two functions in cars: seals with the bodywork and the facilitation of opening and closing functions with a low degree of force. This article provides a brief explanation of the theoretical and practical aspects (with examples).