bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Critical Areas in the Teaching of Philosophy at Grammar Schools From the Teachers' Perspective
Authors: Číhalová Martina , Hubálek Tomáš , Cieslarová Zuzana 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThe paper deals with the issue of critical areas in the philosophy as part of the subject Basics of Social Sciences in the Czech Republic from the perspective of teachers. The critical areas are components of the curriculum that are difficult, challenging and problematic for educational practice. They can be on the side of both teachers and students and cause problems with teachers' didactic transformation and students' understanding. We investigated how teachers perceive the causes of critical areas on their own side and also on the side of their students. We chose the subject of philosophy in general grammar schools because of its huge time consumption in relation to other social science disciplines taught in Basics of Social Sciences. And we also chose it because of the difficulties in mastering the philosophy curriculum cited by students and teachers. We applied qualitative research based on the grounded theory to analyse the causes of the critical areas from the viewpoint of teachers. To achieve our results, we applied content analysis concerning relevant curricular documents and conducted interviews with 11 teachers. For the analysis of respondents' interviews, open, axial and selective coding methods of grounded theory were applied. The process of obtaining the most general axial codes is introduced, and each axial code is specified in detail. Finally, we applied selective coding to provide a theory for a deeper description of the relationships between axial codes that detected causes of critical areas. The proposed theory may serve for a better understanding of the critical areas origin and understanding of the educational process regularities.
The Influence of Perceived Organisational Support on Work Engagement Amongst Chinese Inclusive Education Teachers: A Chain Mediation of Psychological Empowerment and Attitudes Toward Inclusive Education
Authors: Guan Wenjun , Cheng Yuke , Wu Tianhao , Liu Jingjing , Xie Zhengli 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThis study aimed to investigate the relationship between teacher perceived organisational support and their work engagement in the context of inclusive education, highlighting the mediating roles of psychological empowerment and attitudes towards inclusive education. A total of 366 primary and secondary inclusive school teachers participated in a cross‐sectional online survey. The results indicated that perceived organisational support significantly and directly predicted work engagement. Psychological empowerment and attitudes toward inclusive education mediated the influence of perceived organisational support on work engagement, respectively. Furthermore, psychological empowerment and attitudes played a chain mediating role. The findings shed light on the mechanisms underlying the influence of perceived organisational support on work engagement amongst inclusive education teachers and provide practical implications for enhancing their engagement in inclusive education.
Chromosome 1 Alterations in Multiple Myeloma: Considerations for Precision Therapy
Authors: McAuley Niamh , Cymer Izabela , McAvera Roisin , Hopkins Ann M. , Glavey Siobhan V. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTMultiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable blood malignancy characterized by the clonal expansion of plasma cells and the secretion of monoclonal immunoglobulins. High‐risk MM, defined by specific cytogenetic abnormalities, poses significant therapeutic challenges and is associated with inferior survival outcomes compared to standard‐risk disease. Although molecularly targeted therapies have shown efficacy in other hematologic malignancies, currently venetoclax is the only targeted therapy approved for MM (t(11;14)). However, chromosome 1q gains, amplifications, and 1p deletions are frequently observed in MM, and have been linked to drug resistance and poor patient prognosis. Accordingly, this review focuses on emerging MM precision therapies capable of targeting dysregulated genes within these regions. It addresses gene therapies, small molecule inhibitors and monoclonal antibodies currently under investigation to antagonize oncogenic drivers including MCL‐1, BCL9, F11R, and CKS1B, all of which are implicated in cell survival, proliferation or drug resistance. In conclusion, the link between chromosome 1 abnormalities and high‐risk disease in MM patients offers a compelling rationale to identify and explore therapeutic targeting of chromosome 1 gene products as a novel precision medicine approach for a poorly served patient population.
Electrocardiograms from different types of exercise in Eventing horses with and without cardiac signs
Authors: Navas de Solis Cristobal , Solomon Claire , Durando Mary , Stefanovski Darko 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundExercising arrhythmias can be clinically irrelevant or associated with poor performance, collapse and sudden cardiac death.ObjectivesTo test if readable exercising ECGs can be recorded by grooms or riders and to describe arrhythmias in ECGs from different types of exercise in Eventing horses and investigate associations with type of workout, the presence of previous cardiac signs and intensity of exercise.Study designCohort study.MethodsSingle lead exercising ECGs were obtained by riders or grooms during training and competition from a convenience sample of horses in training for Eventing competitions. Arrhythmias were described, and associations between different arrhythmia categories and variables that described the horse and the workouts were sought.ResultsThere were 1002 ECGs from 62 horses (median [range] 7 [2–97] ECGs/horse) evaluated and 737 workouts (73.6%) were >95% readable and included in the analysis. There were arrhythmias in 250 (33.9%) of the workouts, complex arrhythmias in 13 (1.8%) and the number of premature complexes was median (range) 0 (0–118). Peak heart rate and duration of exercise were associated with the number of premature complexes, the presence of arrhythmias and complex arrhythmias and were colinear with the type of exercise. Having previous signs of cardiac disease and the type of workout were associated with higher odds of having arrhythmias.ConclusionsMonitoring the rhythm of equine athletes with ECGs obtained by riders and transmitted to an online cloud was feasible. Arrhythmias were frequent, and complex arrhythmias were rare. The presence of cardiac signs, type of exercise and peak heart rate were associated with the presence of arrhythmias. None of the horses developed poor performance or collapse attributed to cardiac disease. The arrhythmias that should be concerning for equine veterinarians need further definition.
Enhanced Semantic Natural Scenery Retrieval System Through Novel Dominant Colour and Multi‐Resolution Texture Feature Learning Model
Authors: Pavithra L. K. , Subbulakshmi P. , Paramanandham Nirmala , Vimal S. , Alghamdi Norah Saleh , Dhiman Gaurav 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTA conventional content‐based image retrieval system (CBIR) extracts image features from every pixel of the images, and its depiction of the feature is entirely different from human perception. Additionally, it takes a significant amount of time for retrieval. An optimal combination of appropriate image features is necessary to bridge the semantic gap between user queries and retrieval responses. Furthermore, users should require minimal interactions with the CBIR system to obtain accurate responses. Therefore, the proposed work focuses on extracting highly relevant feature information from a set of images in various natural image databases. Subsequently, a feature‐based learning/classification model is introduced before similarity measure calculations, aiming to minimise retrieval time and the number of comparisons. The proposed work analyses the learning models based on the retrieval system's performance separately for the following features: (i) dominant colour, (ii) multi‐resolution radial difference texture patterns, and a combination of both. The developed work is assessed with other techniques, and the results are reported. The results demonstrate that the implemented ensemble learning model‐based CBIR outperforms the recent CBIR techniques.
Design science in operations management: A review and synthesis of the literature
Authors: Gauss Leandro , Lacerda Daniel P. , Siluk Julio C. M. , Romme A. Georges L. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe application of design science (DS) in the field of operations management (OM) is believed to be lopsided, with most studies pursuing theory‐to‐practice rather than practice‐to‐theory applications of DS. However, this belief has remained untested at the level of the entire body of DS applications in OM. This paper therefore reviews and synthesises 66 peer‐reviewed DS‐based publications (2003–2024) and presents a novel configurational framework. We analyse the DS applications through the lens of this framework to conclude that most of these applications contribute incrementally to extant theories but make a rather revelatory contribution to practice. This analysis points at four main reasons: DS is still an emerging research methodology, which is not labelled as such in many applications; OM researchers often assume that problem‐solving is the primary purpose of DS, which inhibits the delivery of more theoretical research outcomes; the lack of methodological guidelines to support the transition from specific to generalised knowledge; and the rather fragmented body of knowledge on DS, which is dispersed across multiple sources and different domains. This paper offers a configurational framework for DS to guide OM scholars in their efforts to explore scientific discoveries beyond problem‐solving.
Social Identification in Times of Crisis: How Need to Belong, Perspective Taking, and Cognitive Closure Relate to Changes in Social Identification
Authors: Till Franziska Julia , Heimrich Julia , Frenzel Svenja B. , van Dick Rolf , Mojzisch Andreas , Junker Nina M. , Häusser Jan A. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTIn a world shaped by global crises—from pandemics to international armed conflicts to an escalating climate crisis—research into human reactions to and coping with uncertainty is becoming increasingly important. The fundamental role of identification with social groups in maintaining well‐being during times of threat has been emphasized. In this context, the aim of this study was to examine the relationship between interindividual differences— need to belong, perspective taking, need for cognitive closure—and changes in social identification. To test our hypotheses, we conducted a two‐wave online study with a sample of 1008 participants during the COVID‐19 pandemic. We examined changes in social identification in narrow social groups (i.e., family, friends, neighbors) and broader social categories (i.e., own country, Europe, humanity). We found an overall increase in social identification in times of crises across all groups. The results show that need to belong (at Time 1) was positively related to increases in social identification (at Time 2) for all groups, while the positive association between perspective taking (at Time 1) and increases in social identification (at Time 2) was observed for almost all groups except neighbors. Contrary to our expectations, however, the need for cognitive closure (at Time 1) showed no association with changes in identification with any social group (at Time 2). These findings emphasize the importance of interindividual differences for our understanding of changes in social identification over time.
Efficacy and Safety of Sacubitril/Valsartan Versus Amlodipine in Japanese Patients With Essential Hypertension: A Randomized, Multicenter, Open‐Label, Noninferiority Study (PARASOL Study)
Authors: Yamamoto Koichi , Yarimizu Daisuke , Shimanishi Ayano , Eguchi Shunsuke , Iekushi Kazuma , Takami Yoichi , Nozato Yoichi , Kario Kazuomi , Rakugi Hiromi 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTSacubitril/valsartan, an angiotensin receptor‐neprilysin inhibitor, has demonstrated a superior blood pressure‐lowering effect compared with renin‐angiotensin system inhibitors in several clinical trials. However, there has been no available evidence on the comparison between sacubitril/valsartan and calcium channel blockers (CCBs), a well‐established class of antihypertensive drugs.In this open‐label, multicenter study, we aimed to demonstrate the efficacy and safety of sacubitril/valsartan versus amlodipine, one of the most widely used CCBs, after 8 weeks of treatment. A total of 359 Japanese patients with essential hypertension (office systolic blood pressure [SBP] ≥ 150 to < 180 mmHg), aged 18–79, were randomly assigned to receive either once‐daily sacubitril/valsartan 200 mg or once‐daily amlodipine 5 mg in a 1:1 allocation ratio. The primary endpoint was the noninferiority of sacubitril/valsartan compared with amlodipine in mean change in 24‐h SBP from baseline to Week 8, followed by a significance test as a secondary endpoint analysis. The mean change in 24‐h SBP in sacubitril/valsartan was noninferior to that in amlodipine (between‐treatment difference −0.62 mmHg [95% confidential interval: −3.23 to 1.98; p = 0.003 for noninferiority; independent t‐test with noninferiority margin 3.0 mmHg]), with no significant difference observed (p = 0.637). There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse events (AEs). These results suggested that the blood pressure‐lowering effect of sacubitril/valsartan is comparable to that of amlodipine, with no marked differences in tolerability between the two groups. Sacubitril/valsartan, a potent antihypertensive drug comparable to amlodipine, is expected to improve blood pressure control in clinical practice.
Pyrvinium Pamoate Alone and With Gemcitabine Exhibits Anti‐Pancreatic Cancer Activity in 2D and 3D Cell Culture Models
Authors: Serala Karabo , Bai Jinming , Prince Sharon 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTPancreatic cancer is an intractable disease with the worst prognosis of all common cancers. The treatment regimens currently used for pancreatic cancer do not significantly impact patient survival, and therefore, effective treatment strategies are urgently needed. Drug repurposing, which identifies new indications for existing and approved drugs, has proven to be a desirable approach to anti‐cancer drug discovery. Indeed, the antihelminthic drug, pyrvinium pamoate, has shown promise as an anti‐pancreatic cancer drug. However, the only mechanism of action ascribed to this has been its ability to inhibit mitochondrial function. This study showed, using pancreatic cancer 2D cell cultures and 3D spheroids, that pyrvinium pamoate exhibited short‐ and long‐term cytotoxicity, inhibited epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition and cell invasion and migration. Mechanistically, pyrvinium pamoate induced DNA damage, inhibited stemness markers and the PI3K/AKT cell survival pathway, triggered an S‐phase cell cycle arrest and induced apoptotic and autophagic cell death. Importantly, pyrvinium pamoate acted synergistically with the first‐line drug, gemcitabine, in 2D and 3D pancreatic cancer cell culture models. This study provides evidence that pyrvinium pamoate is effective as a single agent and in combination with gemcitabine for the treatment of pancreatic cancer.
Key Factors in the Implementation of Value‐Based Healthcare Performance Evaluation in General Hospitals Healthcare Groups: A Mixed Methodology Study
Authors: He Wenbo , Feng Wei , Du Liang , Zhang Wei 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo identify the principal factors influencing the implementation of high‐value healthcare performance evaluation and to examine the interrelationships among these factors.BackgroundValue‐based health care (VBHC) is gaining momentum as a model that focuses on improving patient outcomes. However, there is still a lack of understanding of the multifaceted factors that contribute to its successful implementation.DesignTheoretical modelling and mixed research methods.MethodsFirst, this study constructed a framework of influencing factors on the implementation of VBHC performance evaluation based on the Technology‐Organization‐Environment model. Second, a representative set of influencing factors for healthcare performance evaluation was identified. The implementation of performance evaluation was identified based on a literature analysis and a case study in China. Finally, experts were invited to assess the relevance of the aforementioned influencing factors, and the collected data were analysed using Interpretative Structural Model. The PRISMA‐ScR checklist guided the reporting of this study.ResultsWe initially constructed the theory framework with the objective of categorising and summarising the influential factors and potential problems revealed in the implementation of patient VBHC performance evaluation in general hospitals. Subsequently, 15 key factors were identified through interviews with 10 experts. Then, a six‐level hierarchy was developed to construct a visual structure diagram, the purpose of which was to clarify the hierarchy of roles of each influencing factor. Finally, we categorise the influencing factors into four clusters based on their driving power and dependency within the system.ConclusionThe insights from this research will assist hospital managers in identifying and prioritising the key factors that influence high‐value healthcare performance.Relevance to Clinical PracticeThis study provides a reliable pathway reference for clinical and nursing performance value enhancement and provides important insights into resource allocation and decision‐making for clinical practitioners.Patient or Public ContributionNo patient or public contribution.
Unpacking the relationship between leaders' age and active conflict management: The moderating role of generativity
Authors: Fousiani Kyriaki , Scheibe Susanne , Walter Frank 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAs organizations face an ageing workforce, it is crucial to understand the role of leaders' age in their interactions with employees. Seminal theories on ageing cast age as a key factor shaping individuals' interpersonal behaviours, for example when handling conflicts. We integrate this notion with insights from generativity research to investigate the role of leaders' age in their active conflict management strategies through two distinct pathways. Depending on a leader's generativity, leaders' age may differentially shape both their perceptions of leader‐member exchange (LMX) quality and their emotion regulation knowledge, thereby advancing either more constructive or more destructive approaches towards employee conflicts. Results from Study 1, a time‐lagged study of 303 leaders, revealed that age is negatively related to their LMX perceptions and, thus, to leaders' constructive approaches towards employee conflicts—but only among leaders with lower generativity. Study 2, a cross‐sectional study of 84 leader‐employee teams, revealed that leaders' age is positively associated with their emotion regulation knowledge, which in turn is negatively related to their destructive conflict management—but only among leaders with higher generativity. Our findings reveal key mechanisms linking leader age to conflict management and underscore leader generativity as a crucial boundary condition in these relationships.
When Self‐Compassion Lacks Ferocity: Anger and Responding to False Accusations
Authors: Schellenberg Benjamin J. I. , Geddes Amy , Strachan Shaelyn , Bailis Daniel 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveSelf‐compassion can help people when they make mistakes, but does it affect how people respond when falsely accused of making a mistake? In this research, we tested the hypothesis that self‐compassion is associated with lower levels of anger after a false accusation which, in turn, lowers the likelihood that people will attempt to challenge the accusation.MethodIn Studies 1A (N = 422) and 1B (N = 492), participants imagined that they were playing in an important tennis match and were falsely accused by an official of making an error. In Study 2 (N = 346), participants completed an online survey that, at one point, displayed a message accusing them of plagiarizing one of their responses.ResultsIn all studies, self‐compassion assessed prior to the accusation was negatively associated with levels of anger following the accusation. Anger, in turn, was positively associated with intentions to challenge the accusation (Studies 1A and 1B) and with the likelihood that participants brought the false accusation to our attention when given an opportunity to do so (Study 2).ConclusionThis research shows that highly self‐compassionate people are not always ferocious and may be susceptible to being taken advantage of when facing false accusations.
The Degree of Cervical Intervertebral Disc Degeneration Is Associated With Denser Bone Quality of the Cervical Sub‐endplate and Vertebral Body
Authors: Chen Jia‐Yu , Yang Jia‐Chen , Li Ruo‐Yao , Huang Zu‐Cheng , Huang Zhi‐Ping , Wu Xiu‐Hua , Zhu Qing‐An , Ding Yin 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveThe relationship between cervical disc degeneration and bone quality of adjacent vertebral body remains controversial. This study aims to investigate the relationship between cervical disc degeneration and bone quality of the adjacent vertebral body and sub‐endplate bone with a new MRI‐based bone quality score in patients over 50 years with cervical spondylosis.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed 479 cervical disc segments from 131 patients. Disc degeneration at levels C3/C4–C6/C7 was graded using T2‐weighted MRI. Vertebral body quality (VBQ) score and sub‐endplate bone quality (EBQ) score from C3 to C7 were computed from T1‐weighted MRI images. Additionally, bone mineral density (BMD) of the cervical vertebrae was measured in 52 patients using a novel phantom‐less quantitative computed tomography (PL‐QCT) system. The correlation between bone quality score and Pfirrmann grade was analyzed and risk factors for VBQ and EBQ were further evaluated.ResultsSignificant differences were found in cranial VBQ among different Pfirrmann grades, with a score of 2.55 ± 0.54 for Grade 5 discs, which was lower compared to Grades 4 (2.70 ± 0.56) (p < 0.05) and 3 (2.81 ± 0.58) (p < 0.01). Caudal VBQ for Grade 5 discs (2.43 ± 0.52) was also significantly lower than for Grade 3 discs (2.66 ± 0.54) (p < 0.01). EBQ scores decreased with increasing Pfirrmann grades. Negative correlations were observed between both cranial and caudal VBQ and EBQ scores and Pfirrmann grades. Grades 4 and 5 discs were identified as independent risk factors for decreased caudal VBQ and EBQ, whereas only Grade 5 was a significant risk factor for decreased cranial EBQ. Additionally, a moderate correlation (0.4 < R < 0.6, p < 0.05) was noted between vertebral body BMD and VBQ at each cervical level.ConclusionIn individuals over 50 years with cervical spondylosis, the severity of disc degeneration was closely correlated with denser bone quality in both the caudal vertebral body and sub‐endplate, as measured by VBQ and EBQ scores. These findings suggest that worsening disc degeneration is associated with increased bone density in specific areas of the cervical spine.