bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictive value of the THRIVE score for outcome in patients with acute basilar artery occlusion treated with thrombectomy
Authors: Chen Beilei , Yang Liu , Hang Jing , You Shoujiang , Li Jun , Li Xiaobo , Wang Liangzhu , Jiang Li , Li Wei , Yu Hailong 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackground and purposeA higher Totaled Health Risks in Vascular Events (THRIVE) score has been shown to predict poor functional outcome in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) and anterior circulation large vessel occlusions undergoing thrombectomy treatment. We attempted to evaluate the value of the THRIVE score in predicting the outcome of thrombectomy treatment in AIS patients with basilar artery occlusion (BAO).MethodsA total of 68 AIS patients with BAO who underwent thrombectomy treatment from May 2014 to August 2018 were included in the present study. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to determine the predictive value of the THRIVE score for poor functional outcome (defined as modified Rankin Scale score ≥ 3), all‐cause mortality, and hemorrhage transformation (HT) at 3 months.ResultsA total of 42 (61.8%) participants experienced poor functional outcomes, 25 (36.8%) patients died from all causes, and 21 (30.9%) patients had HT during the 3‐month follow‐up. Multivariable logistic regression showed that a higher THRIVE score was significantly associated with poor functional outcome (odds ratio [OR] 5.86, 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.28–14.91, p < .001) as well as all‐cause mortality (OR 2.40, 95% CI, 1.32–4.34, p = .004) but not HT (p = .607). The C‐statistic of the THRIVE score was significantly larger than that of the NIHSS score for predicting poor functional outcome (AUC = 0.913; cutoff > 5; sensitivity, 88.5%; specificity, 83.3%, p = .007) and all‐cause mortality (AUC = 0.768; cutoff > 5; sensitivity, 92.0%; specificity, 65.1%, p = .018).ConclusionsA high THRIVE score was independently associated with an increased risk of poor functional outcome and all‐cause mortality in AIS patients with BAO who underwent thrombectomy treatment. Moreover, the THRIVE score appeared to be a better predictor of clinical outcome than the NIHSS score.
Optimal frequency of scans for patients on cancer therapies: A population kinetics assessment
Authors: Stewart David J. , Macdonald David B. , Awan Arif A. , Thavorn Kednapa 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundOptimal frequency of follow‐up scans for patients receiving systemic therapies is poorly defined. Progression‐free survival (PFS) generally follows first‐order kinetics. We used exponential decay nonlinear regression analysis to calculate half‐lives for 887 published PFS curves.MethodWe used the Excel formula x = EXP(‐tn*0.693/t1/2) to calculate proportion of residual patients remaining progression‐free at different times, where tn is the interval in weeks between scans (eg, 6 weeks), * indicates multiplication, 0.693 is the natural logarithm of 2, and t1/2 is the PFS half‐life in weeks.ResultsProportion of residual patients predicted to remain progression‐free at each subsequent scan varied with scan intervals and regimen PFS half‐life. For example, with a 4‐month half‐life (17.3 weeks) and scans every 6 weeks, 21% of patients would progress by the first scan, 21% of the remaining patients would progress by the second scan at 12 weeks, etc With 2, 6‐ and 12‐month half‐lives (for example), the proportion of remaining patients progressing at each subsequent scan if repeated every 3 weeks would be 21%, 8% and 4%, respectively, while with scans every 12 weeks it would be 62%, 27% and 15%, respectively. Furthermore, optimal scan frequency can be calculated for populations comprised of distinct rapidly and slowly progressing subpopulations, as well as with convex curves arising from treatment breaks, where optimal scan frequency may differ during therapy administration vs during more rapid progression after therapy interruption.ConclusionsA population kinetics approach permits a regimen‐ and tumor‐specific determination of optimal scan frequency for patients on systemic therapies.
Determinants of participation and detection rate of upper gastrointestinal cancer from population‐based screening program in China
Authors: Guo Lanwei , Zhang Shaokai , Liu Shuzheng , Zheng Liyang , Chen Qiong , Cao Xiaoqin , Sun Xibin , Qiao Youlin , Zhang Jiangong 
Published: September 2019

AbstractUpper gastrointestinal cancer (UGC) screening has been widely implemented in many Asian countries. However, there is little evidence of participation and diagnostic yields in population‐based UGC screening in China. The participation rate and detection of upper gastrointestinal lesions in this program were reported and related factors were explored. The analysis was conducted in the context of the Cancer Screening Program in Urban China, which recruited 179 002 eligible participants aged 40‐74 years from three cities in Henan province from 2013 to 2017. A total of 43 423 participants were evaluated to be high risk for esophageal cancer or gastric cancer by an established risk score system and were subsequently recommended for endoscopy. Of 43 423 with high risk for UGC, 7996 subjects undertook endoscopy (participation rate of 18.4%). We found that male sex, high level of education, marriage, smoking, current alcohol drinking, lack of physical activity, history of upper gastrointestinal system disease, and family history of UGC were associated with increased participation of endoscopy screening. Overall, 15 UGC (0.19%), 275 squamous epithelial dysplasia (3.44%), and 33 intraepithelial neoplasm (0.41%) cases were detected. Several factors including age, sex, smoking, current alcohol drinking, lack of physical activity, and dietary intake of processed meat were identified to be associated with the presence of upper gastrointestinal lesions. Health promotion campaigns targeting the specific group of individuals identified in our study will be helpful for improvement of the adherence of UGC screening in population‐based cancer screening programs. Participant rate and yield of UGC screening will provide important references for evaluating the effectiveness and cost‐effectiveness of cancer screening in China.
Fibrous Aggregates of Short Peptides Containing Two Distinct Aromatic Amino Acid Residues
Authors: Lipinski Wojciech , Wasko Joanna , Walczak Malgorzata , Fraczyk Justyna , Kaminski Zbigniew J. , Galecki Krystian , Draczynski Zbigniew , Krucinska Izabella , Kaminska Marta , Kolesinska Beata 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe aim of the study was the assessment of the ability of short peptides to form aggregates under physiological conditions. The dipeptides studied were derived from different aromatic amino acids (heteroaromatic peptides). Tripeptides were obtained from two distinct aromatic amino acids and cysteine or methionine residue in the C‐terminal, N‐terminal, or central position. The ability of the peptides to form fibrous aggregates under physiological conditions was evaluated using three independent methods: the Congo Red assay, the Thioflavin T assay, and microscopic examinations using normal and polarized light. Materials potentially useful for regenerative medicine were selected based on their cytotoxicity to the endothelial cell line EA.hy 926 and physicochemical properties of films formed by peptides. The required parameters of biocompatibility were fulfilled by H−PheCysTrp−OH, H−PheCysTyr−OH, H−PheTyrMet−OH, and H−TrpTyr−OH.
A rare type of vasa previa
Authors: Hara Takeya , Matsuzaki Shinya , Kakigano Aiko , Mimura Kazuya , Takiuchi Tsuyoshi , Kimura Tadashi 
Published: September 2019

AbstractVasa previa is associated with high fetal morbidity and mortality rates. Although early diagnosis is important, rare types (non‐type I and II) of vasa previa are diagnostically challenging. Our reconstructed images of the rare type of vasa previa are educational and could help clinicians to clinically diagnose this condition.
Temperature and Time Consolidation Effect on the Bulk Flow Properties and Arching Tendency of a Detergent Powder
Authors: Salehi Hamid , Berry Robert , Farnish Richard , Bradley Mike 
Published: September 2019

AbstractTime consolidation flow properties of a commercial detergent powder were measured at different elevated temperatures with the Brookfield powder flow tester (PFT). A substantial increase of powder cohesion was observed at higher temperature and after time consolidation. The Jenike method for silo design was applied to correlate the powder time consolidation flow properties at elevated temperature to the critical outlet slot to attain an arch‐free silo. The dependence of the critical diameter on temperature and time consolidation was successfully described by the model.
All Eyes on Visible‐Light Peroxyoxalate Chemiluminescence Read‐Out Systems
Authors: Delafresnaye Laura , Bloesser Fabian R. , Kockler Katrin B. , Schmitt Christian W. , Irshadeen Ishrath M. , Barner‐Kowollik Christopher 
Published: September 2019

AbstractChemiluminescence (CL) reactions have been widely employed and explored over the past 50 years because they offer unique light emission upon a defined chemical stimulus. In this Minireview, we focus on peroxyoxalate (PO) compounds because they feature very high quantum yields tuneable over the entire visible spectrum, allowing for visible‐light detection by the naked eye without the necessity for expensive analytical instruments. Although analytical methods have been extensively described, PO‐CL read‐out is a strongly emerging field with ample industrial potential. The state‐of‐the‐art PO‐CL detection read‐out systems for various key analytes is here explored. In particular, structural requirements, recent developments of PO‐CL read‐out probes and current limitations of selected examples are detailed. Furthermore, innovative approaches and synthetic routes to push the boundaries of PO‐CL reactions into biological systems are highlighted. Underpinned by recent contributions, we share perspectives on embedding PO‐CL molecules into polymeric materials, which they consider the next step in designing high performance solid‐phase read‐out systems.
Dual Responsive Regulation of Host–Guest Complexation in Aqueous Media to Control Partial Release of the Host
Authors: Guo Hui , Hourdet Dominique , Marcellan Alba , Stoffelbach François , Lyskawa Joel , de Smet Lieselot , Vebr Aurélien , Hoogenboom Richard , Woisel Patrice 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe regulation of the concentration of a wide range of small molecules is ubiquitous in biological systems because it enables them to adapt to the continuous changes in the environmental conditions. Herein, we report an aqueous synthetic system that provides an orchestrated, temperature and pH controlled regulation of the complexation between the cyclobis(paraquat‐p‐phenylene) host (BBox) and a 1,5‐dialkyloxynaphthalene (DNP) guest attached to a well‐defined dual responsive copolymer composed of N‐isopropylacrylamide as thermoresponsive monomer and acrylic acid as pH‐responsive monomer. Controlled, partial release of the BBox, enabling control over its concentration, is based on the tunable partial collapse of the copolymer. This colored supramolecular assembly is one of the first synthetic systems providing control over the concentration of a small molecule, providing great potential as both T and pH chromic materials and as a basis to develop more complex systems with molecular communication.
Risk of Myocardial Infarction Among New Users of Calcium Supplements Alone or Combined With Vitamin D: A Population‐Based Case‐Control Study
Authors: Rodríguez‐Martín Sara , González‐Bermejo Diana , Rodríguez‐Miguel Antonio , Barreira Diana , García‐Lledó Alberto , Gil Miguel , de Abajo Francisco J. 
Published: September 2019

A population‐based case‐control study was conducted to evaluate the risk of acute myocardial infarction among new users of calcium supplements either in monotherapy (CaM) or in combination with vitamin D (CaD). A total of 23,025 cases and 114,851 controls randomly sampled from the underlying cohort and matched with cases by age, sex, and index date were included. New users of CaM and CaD were categorized as current users, recent users, past users, and nonusers. We computed adjusted odds ratios (AORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) among current users as compared with nonusers through a conditional logistic regression. No increased risk was associated with CaM overall (59 cases (0.26%) and 273 controls (0.24%); AOR = 0.80; 95% CI 0.59–1.09), nor was it found in any of the conditions examined. Instead, the use of CaD was associated with a decreased risk (275 cases (1.19%) and 1,160 controls (1.45%); AOR = 0.78; 95% CI 0.67–0.90), dose and duration‐dependent, and particularly evident in patients with a high cardiovascular risk (AOR = 0.59; 95% CI 0.43–0.81).
Cyclic Polyester Formation with an [OSSO]‐Type Iron(III) Catalyst
Authors: Impemba Salvatore , Della Monica Francesco , Grassi Alfonso , Capacchione Carmine , Milione Stefano 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe efficient formation of cyclic polyesters from the ring‐opening polymerization of lactide, ϵ‐caprolactone, and β‐butyrolactone catalyzed by a 1,4‐dithiabutanedyl‐2,2′‐bis(4,6‐dicumylphenol) [OSSO]‐FeCl complex activated with cyclohexene oxide was achieved. The catalyst was very active (initial turnover frequency up to 2718 h−1), robust, and worked with a monomer/Fe ratio up to 10 000. The formation of cyclic polymers was supported by using high‐resolution matrix‐assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) MS, and the average ring size (≈5 kDa for cyclic polylactide) independent of the reaction conditions. A monometallic ring‐opening polymerization/cyclization mechanism was proposed from the results of a kinetic investigation.
Solvent Effects on Degradative Condensation Side Reactions of Fructose in Its Initial Conversion to 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural
Authors: Fu Xing , Hu Yexin , Zhang Yanru , Zhang Yucheng , Tang Dianyong , Zhu Liangfang , Hu Changwei 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe degradative condensation of hexose, which originates from the C−C cleavage of hexose and condensation of degraded hexose fragment, is one of the possible reaction pathways for the formation of humins in hexose dehydration to 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF). Herein, the impacts of several polar aprotic solvents on the degradative condensation of fructose to small‐molecule carboxylic acids and oligomers (possible precursors of humins) are reported. In particular, a close relationship between the tautomeric distribution of fructose in solvents and the mechanism of degradative condensation is demonstrated. Typically, α‐fructofuranose in 1,4‐dioxane and acyclic open‐chain fructose in THF favor the conversion of fructose to formic acid and oligomers; α‐fructopyranose in γ‐valerolactone or N‐methylpyrrolidone favors levulinic acid and oligomers, whereas β‐fructopyranose in 4‐methyl‐2‐pentanone favors acetic acid and corresponding oligomers. This close correlation highlights a general understanding of the solvent‐controlled formation of oligomers, which represents an important step toward the rational design of effective solvent systems for HMF production.
H2O2 Production at Low Overpotentials for Electroenzymatic Halogenation Reactions
Authors: Bormann Sebastian , van Schie Morten M. C. H. , De Almeida Tiago Pedroso , Zhang Wuyuan , Stöckl Markus , Ulber Roland , Hollmann Frank , Holtmann Dirk 
Published: September 2019

AbstractVarious enzymes utilize hydrogen peroxide as an oxidant. Such “peroxizymes” are potentially very attractive catalysts for a broad range of oxidation reactions. Most peroxizymes, however, are inactivated by an excess of H2O2. The electrochemical reduction of oxygen can be used as an in situ generation method for hydrogen peroxide to drive the peroxizymes at high operational stabilities. Using conventional electrode materials, however, also necessitates significant overpotentials, thereby reducing the energy efficiency of these systems. This study concerns a method to coat a gas‐diffusion electrode with oxidized carbon nanotubes (oCNTs), thereby greatly reducing the overpotential needed to perform an electroenzymatic halogenation reaction. In comparison to the unmodified electrode, with the oCNTs‐modified electrode the overpotential can be reduced by approximately 100 mV at comparable product formation rates.
Molecular biogeography and host relations of a parasitoid fly
Authors: Gray David A. , Kunerth Henry D. , Zuk Marlene , Cade William H. , Balenger Susan L. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractSuccessful geographic range expansion by parasites and parasitoids may also require host range expansion. Thus, the evolutionary advantages of host specialization may trade off against the ability to exploit new host species encountered in new geographic regions. Here, we use molecular techniques and confirmed host records to examine biogeography, population divergence, and host flexibility of the parasitoid fly, Ormia ochracea (Bigot). Gravid females of this fly find their cricket hosts acoustically by eavesdropping on male cricket calling songs; these songs vary greatly among the known host species of crickets. Using both nuclear and mitochondrial genetic markers, we (a) describe the geographical distribution and subdivision of genetic variation in O. ochracea from across the continental United States, the Mexican states of Sonora and Oaxaca, and populations introduced to Hawaii; (b) demonstrate that the distribution of genetic variation among fly populations is consistent with a single widespread species with regional host specialization, rather than locally differentiated cryptic species; (c) identify the more‐probable source populations for the flies introduced to the Hawaiian islands; (d) examine genetic variation and substructure within Hawaii; (e) show that among‐population geographic, genetic, and host song distances are all correlated; and (f) discuss specialization and lability in host‐finding behavior in light of the diversity of cricket songs serving as host cues in different geographically separate populations.
Diurnal variation around an optimum and near‐critically high temperature does not alter the performance of an ectothermic aquatic grazer
Authors: Salo Tiina , Kropf Tabea , Burdon Francis J. , Seppälä Otto 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe growing threat of global climate change has led to a profusion of studies examining the effects of warming on biota. Despite the potential importance of natural variability such as diurnal temperature fluctuations, most experimental studies on warming are conducted under stable temperatures. Here, we investigated whether the responses of an aquatic invertebrate grazer (Lymnaea stagnalis) to an increased average temperature differ when the thermal regime is either constant or fluctuates diurnally. Using thermal response curves for several life‐history and immune defense traits, we first identified the optimum and near‐critically high temperatures that Lymnaea potentially experience during summer heat waves. We then exposed individuals that originated from three different populations to these two temperatures under constant or fluctuating thermal conditions. After 7 days, we assessed growth, reproduction, and two immune parameters (phenoloxidase‐like activity and antibacterial activity of hemolymph) from each individual. Exposure to the near‐critically high temperature led to increased growth rates and decreased antibacterial activity of hemolymph compared to the optimum temperature, whilst temperature fluctuations had no effect on these traits. The results indicate that the temperature level per se, rather than the variability in temperature was the main driver altering trait responses in our study species. Forecasting responses in temperature‐related responses remains challenging, due to system‐specific properties that can include intraspecific variation. However, our study indicates that experiments examining the effects of warming using constant temperatures can give similar predictions as studies with fluctuating thermal dynamics, and may thus be useful indicators of responses in nature.
Improved Campephiline detection: An experiment conducted with the Magellanic Woodpecker
Authors: Wynia Amy L. , Rolland Virginie , Jiménez Jaime E. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Woodpeckers can be difficult to detect, as they are often cryptic, secretive, occurring in low densities, and wary of humans. Several methods exist to detect woodpeckers (e.g., playback surveys, passive point counts), yet no research has established which technique best detects these elusive picids. Thus, we designed an experiment to determine which of three methods best results in a detection of Magellanic Woodpeckers (Campephilus magellanicus), and if weather variables influence detection probability.
Mostly during austral summers 2015–2017, we (a) used a drumming device to simulate a double‐knock (i.e., territorial acoustical signal), (b) broadcasted a territorial call, and (c) passively listened (control) for Magellanic Woodpeckers. We conducted our experiment on Navarino Island, Chile, where the Magellanic Woodpecker is the sole picid.
The drumming device most effectively influenced the likelihood of a woodpecker detection. The odds of a woodpecker responding to a double‐knock were 2.14 times more likely than responding to either a call or control. Moreover, the odds of a woodpecker detection decreased by 42% as wind increased by one category and decreased by 40% for every additional month (i.e., October–March), which was expected because woodpeckers become less territorial as the breeding season progresses.
As Campephilus woodpeckers communicate via drums or double‐knocks, using a drumming device likely will be an effective technique to detect not only Magellanic Woodpeckers, but other woodpeckers within the Campephilus genus in Central and South America.
A long‐term perspective on entrepreneurial strategies and their impact on British road policy
Authors: Witting Antje , Dudley Geoffrey 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe case study presented in this paper combines citation and discourse network analyses to explore entrepreneurial strategies and their long‐term impact on public policy. The analysis draws on and develops previously published research that documents entrepreneurial influences on British road policy since the 1980s. Drawing in particular upon evidence presented in the 2013 Action for Roads White Paper, we conclude that it is not enough to focus research on a policy entrepreneur's capacity to mobilize a majority for policy change through skillful leadership and the strategic use of expertise and social capital to gain the expected benefits. Studies must also take into account the fact that once influential individuals may still impact legislation in an advisory capacity by focusing resources on a particular arena. More importantly, this strategy can, in the long term, explain why British road policy tends to remain relatively stable.
Examination of the Test–Retest Reliability of a Forced‐Choice Personality Measure
Authors: Seybert Jacob , Becker Dovid 
Published: September 2019

AbstractForced‐choice (FC) measures are becoming increasingly common in the assessment of personality for high‐stakes testing purposes in both educational and organizational settings. Despite this, there has been relatively little research into the reliability of scores obtained from these measures, particularly when administered as a computerized adaptive test (CAT). This study examined the test–retest reliability of an FC personality CAT, comparing its reliability to the reliability of personality measures using a Likert‐type rating scale. Using a relatively large sample (N = 743), participants completed multiple personality measures across two time points. The test–retest reliability estimates for the personality dimensions had a mean of .63 with a mean reliability of .73 when formed into Big Five personality trait composites. The FC personality reliabilities were lower than those of the Likert‐type scales, though the findings are within the range of those found in meta‐analytic studies.