bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Definition and understanding of “efficiency” in healthcare provision research: a scoping review
Authors: Lötscher-Stamm Mélanie , Lenzin Golda 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundWith rising healthcare costs over the last decades, the concept of efficiency has gained popularity in healthcare provision research. As efficiency can be understood and measured in many different ways, it is often unclear what is meant by “efficient health systems” or “efficient healthcare providers”.ObjectivesThis study aims to analyze and categorize the different definitions and understandings of “efficiency” used in healthcare provision research over time.MethodsWe searched five databases (Medline, Embase, CINAHL, Business Source Premier, and EconLit) to conduct a scoping review. Sources were screened independently by two researchers, using the online software Rayyan. Results are reported using PRISMA-ScR.ResultsOf 1,441 individual sources identified, 389 were included in the review. Most papers (77.3%) using the term “efficiency” do not include explicit definitions or explanations of their understanding of it. Almost all papers (99.0%) are interested in productive efficiency (vs. allocative efficiency) and more specifically technical efficiency, therefore comparing the number of inputs used and outputs produced. While many papers (70.4%) include some elements of quality of care or health outcomes in their discussion, few (30.3%) include aspects of quality in their measurement of efficiency. Over the last decades, Data Envelopment Analysis has become the main method to measure efficiency. We propose a broad categorization of efficiency definitions that could be used by researchers to improve the comprehensibility and comparability of their research. Key features are the general type of efficiency, inclusion of quality or outcome information, and inclusion of cost information.DiscussionTo allow for better comparability and comprehensibility, researchers in healthcare provision should state explicitly which type of efficiency they are studying. To do this, we propose to use combinations of the terms productive efficiency, allocative efficiency, quality-inclusive efficiency, and cost efficiency.
Taxonomy of the Genus Bryobia Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae): Reconsideration of Subgenera and Updated Species Groups
Authors: Mirza Jawwad Hassan , Alatawi Fahad Jaber , Kamran Muhammad , Flechtmann Carlos Holger Wenzel 
Published: November 2024

The present study aimed to revise the subgeneric divisions of the genus Bryobia based on persistent characteristics and to propose species groups in each subgenus to further ease the identification of species. As a result, only three subgenera, based on literature, are recognized, viz, subgenus Bryobia Koch (duplex setae present on leg tarsi III–IV), subgenus Allobia Livschits and Mitrofanov (duplex setae absent on leg tarsi III–IV), and subgenus Lyobia Livschits and Mitrofanov (duplex setae present only on leg tarsus III). The analysis based on morphological characters and available COI sequences on the GenBank database did not resolve the phylogenetic relationship of Bryobia species, and likewise, no support could be found for the proposed subgeneric divisions. The species in each subgenus were further categorized into species groups based on the position of the fourth pair of dorsocentral setae f1, viz, three species groups, praetiosa, osterloffi, and neoephedrae in subgenus Bryobia; three species groups, pritchardi, abbatielloi, and deserticola in subgenus Allobia; and three species groups, eurotiae, sarothamni, and rubrioculus in subgenus Lyobia. Furthermore, detailed notes are provided on eight Bryobia species which were described by Meyer, having morphological characteristics of both the tribes Bryobiini and Hystrichonychini. The generic status of two bryobine species, B. pseudorubrioculus Smiley and Baker and B. tuttlie Smiley and Baker, is also discussed and considered as species inquirendae.
Epilepsy in Cerebral Palsy: Unraveling Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Subtype Associations in a Large-Scale Population Study
Authors: Alyoubi Reem Abdullah , Abu-Zaid Ahmed 
Published: November 2024

Background and Objective: Cerebral palsy (CP) constitutes a group of enduring movement disorders arising from non-progressive brain damage, often accompanied by epilepsy. This study aims to explore the prevalence of epilepsy in CP patients, dissecting demographic characteristics, healthcare parameters, and nuanced risk factors. Materials and Methods: The study employed the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database (2016–2019, four years). CP patients were identified through ICD-10 codes, excluding non-CP patients and those with missing values. Baseline characteristics of CP patients, such as age, subtype distribution, and types of epilepsy, were tabulated, and disparities were assessed using the chi-squared test. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine predictors of epilepsy according to CP subtypes and infant-related conditions. Data were presented as odds ratios (OR) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results: In this comprehensive analysis of 88,138 CP patients, 44,901 with epilepsy and 43,237 without epilepsy, disparities between those with and without epilepsy were uncovered, revealing distinct demographic patterns and healthcare characteristics. Spastic diplegic CP showed the strongest association with epilepsy (adjusted OR = 1.88, 95% CI [1.73–2.04], p < 0.0001), underscoring the significance of subtype-specific considerations. Perinatal infection emerged as a noteworthy risk factor for epilepsy development (adjusted OR = 1.61, 95% CI [1.17–2.23], p = 0.004). Conclusions: The study provides nuanced insights into the prevalence and associations of epilepsy in CP patients. Specific CP subtypes and perinatal factors play pivotal roles in epilepsy risk. These findings offer a foundation for tailored clinical management and support services, addressing the complex needs of individuals with CP and epilepsy.
ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN PERAMALAN PRODUKSI GULA DENGAN ALGORITMA SINGLE EXPONENTIAL SMOOTHING DAN DOUBLE EXPONENTIAL SMOOTHING BERBASIS WEBSITE
Authors: Prastya Bayu Pasifik Rizka , Fahrudi Setiawan Ahmad , Adi Wibowo Suryo 
Published: November 2024

PT PG Krebet Baru, yang berlokasi di Kecamatan Bululawang, Kabupaten Malang, adalah salah satu pabrik gula peninggalan rezim inperialisme Belanda yang beroperasi hingga sekarang. Pabrik dan kawasannya telah bertahan selama 117 tahun, menghadapi berbagai dinamika di sekitarnya. Secara historis, pabrik gula krebet terkenal dengan cerita-cerita segregasi dan penindasan terhadap pekerja domestik. Namun, pabrik gula ini juga memiliki fungsi penting didalam pertumbuhan perniagaan dan industri di Malang. Dalam proses produksinya, data produksi dicatat dan di kumpulkan menggunakan Microsoft Excel, sehingga diperlukan sistim yang dapat mengorganisir statistik produksi secara efisien. Sistem yang diciptakan juga menerapkan peramalan menggunakan dua algoritma, yaitu Single Exponential Smoothing dan Double Exponential Smoothing, untuk mengevaluasi kedua metode tersebut dan menghasilkan nilai peramalan untuk periode berikutnya. Penelitian ini menggunakan data produksi gula mingguan dari tahun 2021 hingga 2023 dan menghasilkan nilai MAPE sebesar 1.03847% untuk metode Single Exponential Smoothing dan 0.961975% untuk metode Double Exponential Smoothing, oleh karena itu boleh dianalisis bahwa kedua metode yang digunakan tergolong dalam golongan peramalan yang sangat akurat sama pada kriteria nilai MAPE menurut Lewis (1982).
PENERAPAN METODE NAÏVE BAYES CLASSIFIER UNTUK KERUSAKAN PERANGKAT EDC YANG ADA DI SPBU
Authors: Safaatulloh Safaatulloh , Hariyanto Rudi , Udin Muhammad 
Published: November 2024

Delivery perangkat EDC (Electronic Data Capture) pada program Digitalisasi SPBU (stasiun pengisian bahan bakar umum) adalah kegiatan pengiriman perangkat EDC dari Telkom ke SPBU Pertamina yang bertujuan untuk pemunuhan kebutuhan perangkat yang ada di SPBU dengan cara mengganti atau memperbaiki perangkat EDC agar operasional yang ada di SPBU tidak terganggu. Fungsi mesin EDC digunakan sebagai alat pembayaran non tunai dan scan barcode untuk bbm subsidi. Kendala logistik dan manajemen rantai pasok menjadi masalah serius dalam pendistribusian perangkat EDC, terutama ketika melibatkan jumlah yang besar. Kurangnya kordinasi di antara pemangku kepentingan, seperti Penulisan laporan yang di laporkan oleh teknisi yang masih manual dan juga data yang di repotkan kurang valid dan tidak terstruktur sehingga membutuhkan waktu yang lama.Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah membuat aplikasi berbasis web yang mengklasifikasi kerusakan perangkat EDC di SPBU wilayah pasuruan dan probolinggo mengunakan metode naïve bayes yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui kondisi EDC dan juga membuat skala prioritas gangguan SPBU yang perlu penggantian edc dan mempercepat pergantian EDC. Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan penulis dengan menerapkan metode klasifikasi naïve bayes menggunakan 100 data latih dan 20 data uji pada aplikasi klasifikasi naive bayes, diperoleh hasil akurasi sebesar 90%, precision sebesar 88,33%, dan recall sebesar 91,67%.
SARUNG TANGAN CERDAS UNTUK ALAT BANTU BACA BAGI TUNANETRA BERBASIS RASPBERRY PI
Authors: Suryani Faradisa Irmalia , Andytia Silaban Marhara , Limpraptono F.Yudi , Ardita Micheal 
Published: November 2024

Tunanetra merupakan sebutan untuk kondisi seseorang yang mengalami gangguan penglihatan. Kelainan ini membuat penyandang tunanetra sulit mendapatkan informasi melalui buku-buku konvensional. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah membuat suatu alat yang dirancang untuk membantu penyandang tunanetra agar dapat membaca buku konvensional dengan mengubah hasil tangkapan gambar kamera menjadi keluaran audio berupa ucapan. Sehingga penyandang tunanetra nantinya bisa mendapatkan informasi yang lebih luas dengan menggunakan buku-buku konvensional, tidak hanya menggunakan buku braille (yaitu buku khusus untuk penyandang tunanetra). Sistem dari alat ini terdiri dari beberapa sistem dimulai dari pengaturan penyesuaian jarak kamera menggunakan sensor HC-SR04 dengan keluaran suara, kamera yang berfungsi sebagai proses deteksi objek empat sisi untuk mengolah dan mengambil gambar terbaik. OCR sebagai pengolahan gambar menjadi string atau teks dan TTS sebagai teks untuk pengolahan audio. Setelah alat ini dirancang kami mendapat kan hasil bahwa untuk mendapatkan gambar yang terbaik posisi sudut buku adalah 900 dengan akurasi pembacaan sebesar 76,80% dari total kata sebanyak 125 kata. Dan font yang terbaik akurasinya adlah Times New Roman.
CHANGE DETECTION IN ALUMINUM ELECTRODE IMAGE DURING OHMIC HEATING USING PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS
Authors: Dwi Hartono Elvianto , Hardiansyah Bagus , Lastriyanto Anang , Zubaidah Elok , Hendrawan Yusuf 
Published: November 2024

In this paper, we propose a novel technique for unsupervised change detection dataset derived from a process pasteurization using aluminium plate left and right with frequencies 1kHz, 2kHz, 100Hz, 250Hz images using principal component analysis (PCA) and k-means clustering. The distinct image is partitioned into h × h non-overlapping blocks. orthonormal eigenvectors are extracted through PCA of non-overlapping block set to create an eigenvector space. Each pixel within the distinct image is characterized by a feature vector of a certain dimensionality. This feature vector is obtained projection the distinct image data onto the eigenvector space that has been generated. Change detection is accomplished by dividing the feature vector space into two clusters through the application of k-means clustering with k=2. Each pixel is then assigned to one of these two clusters based on the minimum Euclidean distance between the pixel's feature vector and the mean feature vector of the clusters. Empirical results validate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Kasgot Fertilizer Production Training to Boost Agricultural Productivity and Economic Sustainability in Suwayuwo Village
Authors: Rakhmawati Antin , Nizar Muhammad , Sulhan Muhammad , Febrianti Dita , Maulinda Silvi 
Published: November 2024

The Banana Chip and Peel Community Micro Business in Bandung needs help in marketing promotion and financial management despite the high nutritional potential of banana peels. This initiative aims to enhance local micro-businesses marketing strategies and financial practices by empowering community members with the necessary skills and knowledge. Utilizing a community-based research (CBR) method, the project involved focus group discussions, interviews, and marketing training seminars to identify obstacles and promote product innovation. Participants were taught effective marketing techniques and financial accounting practices, including cash flow management and profit-loss reporting. The results demonstrated a significant improvement in business stability and sales performance, with participants adopting diverse product offerings such as cheese and chocolate-flavored chips. Community engagement played a crucial role, ensuring strategies were culturally relevant and fostering a sense of ownership among participants. In conclusion, this initiative successfully applied theoretical frameworks to enhance the economic viability of local micro-businesses. By integrating effective marketing, sound financial management, and community participation, the program empowered entrepreneurs to innovate and sustain their enterprises, ultimately contributing to the region's economic development. Future efforts should build on these principles to support local businesses further.
Training on Tunnel Technology to Increase Salt Production in Jepara Regency
Authors: Prihatmoko Dias , Mustofa Arif , Sarwido Sarwido , Wijaya Akhmad Pandhu 
Published: November 2024

Rainwater is one of the factors that can affect salt production in Jepara Regency. Salt tunnel technology can retain rainwater so that salt farmers can produce salt even during the rainy season. However, salt farmers have not yet fully utilized this technology. So that assistance is needed to them about the application of salt tunnel technology. This program is conducted to increase the knowledge and skills of salt farmers about salt tunnel technology. The community service partner is UKM Rumah Garam in Surodadi Village, Kedung District, Jepara Regency. The activity was carried out in August 2024. The flow of implementing activities includes preparation, provision of tools and materials, implementation of training, partner assistance and evaluation. The training was attended by partner members with training material on Sustainable Salt Production Technology. The next stage is the field practice of making salt tunnel construction in the salt field owned by one of the participants. The construction is made of bamboo and the soil is coated with geoisolator while the cover uses UV plastic. The community service activity was able to increase the knowledge and skills of the participants about salt tunnel technology which is expected to increase the amount of salt production.
ПОНЯТИЯ «ЯЗЫК» И «ДИАЛЕКТ» В ПРИЛОЖЕНИИ К ИТАЛО-РОМАНСКОМУ АРЕАЛУ
Authors: Нарумов Борис Петрович 
Published: November 2024

Публикуемый фрагмент незавершенной монографии Б.П. Нарумова (1946–2007) посвящен соотношению языка и диалекта в итало-романском ареале и осмыслению этого соотношения в итальянской лингвистике второй половины XX в. В Италии функционирует общеитальянский литературный язык на тосканской диалектной основе, но хорошо сохранились и многочисленные территориальные варианты, традиционно именуемые диалектами. В Италии не принято именовать эти идиомы «диалектами итальянского языка», поскольку термин «итальянский язык» воспринимается как обозначение литературной нормы, сформировавшейся на основе тосканского диалекта. Именуется только литературная норма, сформировавшаяся на основе тосканского диалекта; предпочтительнее термины «диалекты Италии» или «итальянские диалекты». Диалекты не рассматриваются как производные от итальянского литературного языка; они представляют собой результат автономного развития народной латыни на соответствующей субстратной основе, значительно отличаются структурно и составляют неотъемлемую часть лингвистической идентичности большинства итальянцев. В работе анализируются основные понятия, используемые в итальянском языкознании для описания социолингвистической ситуации в Италии: общий язык, литературный язык, национальный язык, региональный итальянский. Проблема соотношения языка и диалекта представляется не как дихотомия, а как соотношение целого ряда регистров, которыми в той или иной мере владеют все итальянцы.
РЕКОНСТРУКЦИЯ ЯЗЫКОВОЙ СИТУАЦИИ В ДУБРОВНИКЕ XIV–XVI вв.: РОМАНСКО-СЛАВЯНСКИЕ КОНТАКТЫ
Authors: Путилина Ульяна Андреевна , Челышева Ирина Игоревна 
Published: November 2024

Статья в рамках исторической социолингвистики описывает языковую ситуацию XIV–XVI вв. в Дубровнике, крупном экономическом и культурном центре Адриатического побережья. Анализируются исторические предпосылки формирования ситуации многоязычия периода романизации, а затем описываются функции каждого из присутствовавших в городе идиомов: хорватского, итальянского на тосканской основе, венецианского диалекта, далматинского языка и латыни. В качестве дополнительного источника используется текст комедии М. Држича «Дундо Марое» (1551). Основным языком устного общения был хорватский; как письменные языки использовались в основном латынь и итальянский, а в XVI в, в период далматинского Возрождения, сформировалась хорватская литературно-письменная традиция, во многом опиравшаяся на итальянскую возрожденческую литературу. Многие жители были многоязычны: на разных уровнях они владели венецианским диалектом и итальянским языком. Далматинский до конца XV в. сохранялся как язык узкой аристократической прослойки и язык органов управления. Сохранились свидетельства функционирования интересных смешанных итальянско-славянских языковых форм, среди которых так называемый schiavonesco, а также гибридные итальянско-хорватские тексты. Для авторов далматинско-дубровницкого Возрождения было характерно использование в своем творчестве нескольких языков, например драматургия на хорватском, поэзия на итальянском и трактаты на латыни. По материалам произведений М. Држича прослеживаются разнообразные типы языковой интерференции хорватского и итальянского языков, которые могли реально существовать в языке Дубровника XVI в.
Analysis of the Emission and Morphology of the Pulsar Wind Nebula Candidate HAWC J2031+415
Authors: Alfaro R. , Alvarez C. , Arteaga-Velázquez J. C. , Avila Rojas D. , Ayala Solares H. A. , Babu R. , Belmont-Moreno E. , Caballero-Mora K. S. , Capistrán T. , Carramiñana A. , Casanova S. , Cotti U. , Cotzomi J. , de León S. Coutiño , De la Fuente E. , de León C. , Depaoli D. , Di Lalla N. , Diaz Hernandez R. , Dingus B. L. , DuVernois M. A. , Díaz-Vélez J. C. , Engel K. , Ergin T. , Espinoza C. , Fan K. L. , Fraija N. , García-González J. A. , González M. M. , Goodman J. A. , Groetsch S. , Harding J. P. , Hernández-Cadena S. , Herzog I. , Huang D. , Hueyotl-Zahuantitla F. , Hüntemeyer P. , Iriarte A. , Kaufmann S. , Lee J. , León Vargas H. , Longinotti A. L. , Luis-Raya G. , Malone K. , Martínez-Castro J. , Matthews J. A. , Miranda-Romagnoli P. , Montes J. A. , Moreno E. , Mostafá M. , Najafi M. , Nellen L. , Newbold M. , Nisa M. U. , Noriega-Papaqui R. , Araujo Y. Pérez , Pérez-Pérez E. G. , Rho C. D. , Rosa-González D. , Ruiz-Velasco E. , Salazar H. , Sandoval A. , Salazar-Gallegos D. , Schneider M. , Serna-Franco J. , Smith A. J. , Son Y. , Springer R. W. , Tibolla O. , Tollefson K. , Torres I. , Torres-Escobedo R. , Turner R. , Ureña-Mena F. , Varela E. , Villaseñor L. , Wang X. , Wang Zhen , Watson I. J. , Yu S. , Yun-Cárcamo S. , Zhou H. ,   THE HAWC COLLABORATION
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The first TeV γ-ray source with no lower energy counterparts, TeV J2032+4130, was discovered by HEGRA. It appears in the third HAWC catalog as 3HWC J2031+415 and it is a bright TeV γ-ray source whose emission has previously been resolved as two sources: HAWC J2031+415 and HAWC J2030+409. While HAWC J2030+409 has since been associated with the Fermi Large Area Telescope Cygnus Cocoon, no such association for HAWC J2031+415 has yet been found. In this work, we investigate the spectrum and energy-dependent morphology of HAWC J2031+415. We associate HAWC J2031+415 with a γ-ray binary system containing the pulsar PSR J2032+4127 and its companion MT91 213. We study HAWC data to observe their periastron in 2017. Additionally, we perform a combined multiwavelength analysis using radio, X-ray, and γ-ray emission. We conclude that HAWC J2031+415 and, by extension, TeV J2032+4130 are most probably a pulsar wind nebula powered by PSR J2032+4127.
The Impact of Mass-dependent Stochasticity at Cosmic Dawn
Authors: Gelli Viola , Mason Charlotte , Hayward Christopher C. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The James Webb Space Telescope is unveiling a surprising lack of evolution in the number densities of ultraviolet (UV)-selected galaxies at redshift z ≳ 10. At the same time, observations and simulations are providing evidence for highly bursty star formation in high-z galaxies, resulting in significant scatter in their UV luminosities. Galaxies in low-mass dark matter halos are expected to experience most stochasticity due to their shallow potential wells. Here, we explore the impact of a mass-dependent stochasticity using a simple analytical model. We assume that scatter in the M
UV–M

h
relation increases toward lower halo masses, following the decrease in halo escape velocity,

σ

UV

∼

M

h

−
1

/

3

, independent of redshift. Since low-mass halos are more dominant in the early universe, this model naturally predicts an increase in UV luminosity functions (LFs) at high redshifts compared to models without scatter. We make predictions for additional observables, which would be affected by stochasticity and could be used to constrain its amplitude, finding (i) galaxies are less clustered compared to the no-scatter scenario, with the difference increasing at higher-z; (ii) assuming that star-bursting galaxies dominate the ionizing photon budget implies reionization starts earlier and is more gradual compared to the no-scatter case; (iii) at fixed UV magnitude, galaxies should exhibit wide ranges of UV slopes, nebular emission line strengths, and Balmer breaks. Comparing to observations, the mass-dependent stochasticity model successfully reproduces the observed LFs up to z ∼ 12. However, the model cannot match the observed z ∼ 14 LFs, implying additional physical processes enhance star formation efficiency in the earliest galaxies.
PKS 2254+074: A Blazar in Likely Association with the Neutrino Event IceCube-190619A
Authors: Ji Shunhao , Wang Zhongxiang 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We report our study of the field of the ≃0.2 PeV neutrino event IC-190619A. This neutrino belongs to Gold events, which more likely have an astrophysical origin. Among the two γ-ray sources within the neutrino’s positional uncertainty region, we find that one of them, the BL Lac–type blazar PKS 2254+074, had a γ-ray flare at the arrival time of the neutrino. The flare is determined to have lasted ∼2.5 yr in a 180 day binned light curve, constructed from the data collected with the Large Area Telescope on board the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope. Accompanying the flare, optical and mid-infrared brightening is also seen. In addition, ≥10 GeV high-energy photons from the source have been detected, suggesting a hardening of the emission during the flare. Given both the positional and temporal coincidence of PKS 2254+074 with IC-190619A, we suggest that this blazar is likely another member of a few recently identified (candidate) neutrino-emitting blazars.