bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Une occasion à ne pas manquer : les acteurs économiques ouest-allemands face à l’ouverture du marché chinois (1978-1989)
Authors: Letellier Grégoire 
Published: July 2019

De 1978 à 1989, Deng Xiaoping ouvre son pays aux capitaux et aux entreprises étrangers. Les principales puissances mondiales sont en compétition pour conquérir des parts du marché chinois qui semble offrir des débouchés considérables. Les ambitions des investisseurs se heurtent cependant aux limites que fixe à cette ouverture l’État chinois, qui cherche à maximiser les bénéfices. Parmi les partenaires de la République populaire de Chine, la République fédérale d’Allemagne obtient de grands succès malgré des conditions d’installation difficiles. Les entreprises allemandes, en dépit de coûts de production élevés, sont disposées à fournir leur savoir-faire aux partenaires chinois, ce qui explique leur avance sur les concurrents européens. Une culture commerciale spécifique semble se dégager.
Varifocal Versus Monofocal LASIK in Presbyopic Hyperopic Eyes
Authors: Taneri Suphi , Kiessler Saskia , Rost Anika , Verma Shwetabh , Arba-Mosquera Samuel , Dick H. Burkhard 
Published: July 2019

PURPOSE:
To compare varifocal (SupraCor; Technolas Perfect Vision GmbH, Munich, Germany) to monofocal (Zyoptix TissueSaving; Bausch & Lomb, Rochester, NY) LASIK in patients with hyperopic presbyopia.

METHODS:
In this prospective, non-randomized, comparative case series, consecutive patients with hyperopia, presbyopia, and emmetropia as target refraction were bilaterally treated with varifocal (8 patients) or monofocal (7 patients) LASIK. The study was designed for 35 patients, but was terminated early after interim analysis. Outcomes (preoperative and 1 day, 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months postoperative) were: monocular and binocular uncorrected near visual acuity (UNVA), distance-corrected near visual acuity (DCNVA), uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), low-contrast UDVA and CDVA, efficacy, and safety.

RESULTS:
Preoperative data were similar in both groups. Monocular and binocular UNVA were not significantly different between both groups at any follow-up visit. At 3 months, mean monocular UNVA was 0.40 logMAR in both groups. Monocular DCNVA and binocular CDVA were not significantly different between groups. Monocular mean CDVA was 0.00 ± 0.06 logMAR after varifocal LASIK and −0.06 ± 0.04 logMAR after monofocal LASIK. The efficacy index was 0.9 after vari-focal LASIK and 0.88 after monofocal LASIK (not significant). The safety index was 1.08 after varifocal LASIK and 1.125 after monofocal LASIK (not significant).

CONCLUSIONS:
With emmetropia as target refraction, varifocal ablations yielded no additional benefit compared to monofocal ablations in hyperopic presbyopic LASIK. The authors speculate that epithelial remodeling masks the impact of a varifocal ablation pattern and that a myopic postoperative refraction (modified monovision) may be necessary to further improve near and intermediate vision. These results demonstrate the value of a control group in studies evaluating presbyopia corrections.

[
J Refract Surg.
2019;35(7):459–466.]
Gas Bubble Escape Sign: A New Intraoperative Sign to Predict Immediate Visual Quality After Small Incision Lenticule Extraction
Authors: Ganesh Sri , Brar Sheetal , Arra Raghavender Reddy 
Published: July 2019

PURPOSE:
To describe a new intraoperative sign called the “gas bubble escape” (GBE) sign to predict the ease of dissection and immediate postoperative quality of vision after small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE).

METHODS:
The term GBE sign refers to the escape of gas bubbles followed by an immediate clarity of the interface on delineation of the lenticule planes in SMILE. This sign may indicate an optimized laser energy, which may facilitate an easy dissection of lenticule, potentially resulting in good quality of vision immediately postoperatively. This prospective study included 100 eyes of 50 patients undergoing bilateral myopic SMILE, wherein a randomly selected 32 (29 patients) of 68 eyes showing the GBE sign intraoperatively were compared with 32 eyes (20 patients) that did not show this sign. A single surgeon performed all surgeries using the same technique and energy parameters (150 nJ energy, 4.5 µm spot spacing). At postoperative 1 day and 1 month, uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), Objective Scatter Index (OSI) score, and modulation transfer function (MTF) cut-off were compared between the two groups using a double-pass system.

RESULTS:

On day 1, the mean OSI score was significantly lower (0.78 ± 0.32) in the GBE group compared to the no GBE group (1.11 ± 0.90) (
P
= .03). The mean UDVA was also significantly better in the GBE group (
P
= .001). MTF cut-off was comparable between both groups. However, at 1 month all of the above parameters were comparable between the two study groups (
P
> .05).

CONCLUSIONS:
The gas bubble escape sign may be a useful indicator of energy optimization, potentially resulting in good visual outcomes in the immediate postoperative period following SMILE.

[
J Refract Surg.
2019;35(7):467–472.]
Intrastromal Lenticule Rotation for Treatment of Astigmatism Up to 10.00 Diopters Ex Vivo in Human Corneas
Authors: Damgaard Iben Bach , Ivarsen Anders , Hjortdal Jesper 
Published: July 2019

PURPOSE:
To evaluate the feasibility of intrastromal lenticule rotation (ISLR) as a novel technique for management of astigmatism up to 10.00 diopters (D).

METHODS:
Eighteen human donor corneas were mounted on an artificial anterior chamber. After laser application and dissection, the lenticule was rotated 90° in the intrastromal pocket. Scheimpflug tomography (Pentacam HR; Oculus Optikgeräte GmbH, Wetzlar, Germany) was acquired preoperatively and following ISLR. The attempted astigmatic correction was twice the cylindrical magnitude of the lenticule referenced to the corneal plane: 4.80 D (5.00 D group, n = 9) and 9.32 D (10.00 D group, n = 9), respectively. The change in keratometric astigmatism was evaluated by vector analysis.

RESULTS:
In the 5.00 D group, ISLR caused a mean absolute surgical induced astigmatism (SIA) of 5.30 ± 1.14 D with a correction index (CI) of 1.14 ± 0.25 and an angle of error (AoE) of −0.80° ± 4.61°. In the 10.00 D group, the SIA averaged 9.57 ± 1.10 D with a CI of 1.03 ± 0.12 and an AoE of 2.75° ± 3.60°. The average total corneal refractive power (TCRP) increased 1.36 ± 0.67 and 1.95 ± 1.57 D in the 5.00 D and 10.00 D groups, respectively. Postoperative optical coherence tomography revealed stromal redistribution in the periphery of the optical zone with tissue addition in the preoperative steep meridian and tissue reduction in the preoperative flat meridian.

CONCLUSIONS:
ISLR seemed feasible and precise for management of regular astigmatism up to 10.00 D ex vivo in human donor corneas. A myopic shift was observed in TCRP. The in vivo corneal remodeling after ISLR warrants investigation.

[
J Refract Surg.
2019;35(7):451–458.]
Cutting Edge: Tcf1 Instructs T Follicular Helper Cell Differentiation by Repressing Blimp1 in Response to Acute Viral Infection
Authors: Shao Peng , Li Fengyin , Wang Jinyong , Chen Xia , Liu Chengyu , Xue Hai-Hui 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Differentiation of T follicular helper (TFH) cells is regulated by a complex transcriptional network, with mutually antagonistic Bcl6–Blimp1 as a core regulatory axis. It is well established that Tcf1 acts upstream of Bcl6 for its optimal induction to program TFH cell differentiation. In this study, we show that whereas genetic ablation of Tcf1 in mice greatly diminished TFH cells in response to viral infection, compound deletion of Blimp1 with Tcf1 restored TFH cell frequency, numbers, and generation of germinal center B cells. Aberrant upregulation of T-bet and Id2 in Tcf1-deficient TFH cells was also largely rectified by ablating Blimp1. Tcf1 chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing in TFH cells identified two strong Tcf1 binding sites in the Blimp1 gene at a 24-kb upstream and an intron-3 element. Deletion of the intron-3 element, but not the 24-kb upstream element, compromised production of TFH cells. Our data demonstrate that Tcf1-mediated Blimp1 repression is functionally critical for safeguarding TFH cell differentiation.
Linearization of the effect of slit function changes for improving Ozone Monitoring Instrument ozone profile retrievals
Authors: Bak Juseon , Liu Xiong , Sun Kang , Chance Kelly , Kim Jae-Hwan 
Published: July 2019

Abstract. We introduce a method that accounts for errors caused by the slit function
in an optimal-estimation-based spectral fitting process to improve ozone
profile retrievals from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) ultraviolet
measurements (270–330 nm). Previously, a slit function was parameterized as
a standard Gaussian by fitting the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the
slit function from climatological OMI solar irradiances. This cannot account
for the temporal variation in slit function in irradiance, the intra-orbit
changes due to thermally induced change and scene inhomogeneity, and
potential differences in the slit functions of irradiance and radiance
measurements. As a result, radiance simulation errors may be induced due to
convolving reference spectra with incorrect slit functions. To better
represent the shape of the slit functions, we implement a more generic super
Gaussian slit function with two free parameters (slit width and shape
factor); it becomes standard Gaussian when the shape factor is fixed to be 2. The effects of errors in slit function parameters on radiance spectra,
referred to as pseudo absorbers (PAs), are linearized by convolving
high-resolution cross sections or simulated radiances with the partial
derivatives of the slit function with respect to the slit parameters. The
PAs are included in the spectral fitting scaled by fitting coefficients that
are iteratively adjusted as elements of the state vector along with ozone
and other fitting parameters. The fitting coefficients vary with cross-track
and along-track pixels and show sensitivity to heterogeneous scenes. The PA
spectrum is quite similar in the Hartley band below 310 nm for both standard
and super Gaussians, but is more distinctly structured in the Huggins band
above 310 nm with the use of super Gaussian slit functions. Finally, we
demonstrate that some spikes of fitting residuals are slightly smoothed by
accounting for the slit function errors. Comparisons with ozonesondes
demonstrate noticeable improvements when using PAs for both standard and
super Gaussians, especially for reducing the systematic biases in the
tropics and midlatitudes (mean biases of tropospheric column ozone reduced
from -1.4∼0.7 to 0.0∼0.4 DU) and reducing
the standard deviations of tropospheric ozone column differences at
high latitudes (by 1 DU for the super Gaussian). Including PAs also makes
the retrievals consistent between standard and super Gaussians. This study
corroborates the slit function differences between radiance and irradiance,
demonstrating that it is important to account for such differences in the
ozone profile retrievals.
Het goedkeuringsrecht voor deelnemingen in art. 2:107a (en 2:164/274) BW: Mylan/Meda revisited
Authors: de Groot C. , Verdoes T.L.M. 
Published: July 2019

Het goedkeuringsrecht voor deelnemingen in art. 2:107a (en 2:164/274) BW: Mylan/Meda revisited
Art. 2:107a BW geeft de algemene vergadering van een naamloze vennootschap een goedkeuringsrecht met betrekking tot bestuursbesluiten die leiden tot een belangrijke verandering van de identiteit of het karakter van de vennootschap. Een van de gevallen waarin dit goedkeuringsrecht een rol speelt, betreft een besluit tot het nemen of afstoten van een deelneming in een andere vennootschap ter waarde van ten minste een derde van de activa volgens de balans of de geconsolideerde balans. Dit geval lijkt duidelijk, maar is gecompliceerd. Dit komt omdat de waardering van een deelneming op de balans en die op de geconsolideerde balans beduidend van elkaar kunnen verschillen.
Virtuele valuta in een regulatoir hoekje
Authors: van Poelgeest J.M. 
Published: July 2019

Virtuele valuta in een regulatoir hoekje
In dit artikel wordt besproken in welk financieelrechtelijk hoekje virtuele valuta vallen en de activiteiten met betrekking tot virtuele valuta en welke criteria daarvoor belangrijk zijn. In dit kader worden de cryptoplatformen besproken en de partijen die virtuele valuta beheren of middelen beheren ter belegging in virtuele valuta. In dit verband wordt ingegaan op de komende vergunningplicht voor bepaalde cryptoplatformen en op de Wwft-verplichtingen die in dit verband ook voor die partijen zullen gelden.
Feminist social work. Outline of the problem
Authors: Ostaszewska Aneta 
Published: July 2019

The aim of the article is to answer two questions:
–	what is feminist social work, and
–	what is the influence of feminism on the theory and practice of social work?
The first part of the article is focused on the history of social work (in terms of women's contribution to the development of this discipline) and feminism (including various trends of feminism). Then, the features of feminist social work are discussed. The article is only an introduction to the issue of feminist social work and does not cover all the related topics.
Complete Digital Pathology for Routine Histopathology Diagnosis in a Multicenter Hospital Network
Authors: Retamero Juan Antonio , Aneiros-Fernandez Jose , del Moral Raimundo G. 
Published: July 2019

Context.—Complete digital pathology and whole slide imaging for routine histopathology diagnosis is currently in use in few laboratories worldwide. Granada University Hospitals, Spain, which comprises 4 hospitals, adopted full digital pathology for primary histopathology diagnosis in 2016.Objective.—To describe the methodology adopted and the resulting experience at Granada University Hospitals in transitioning to full digital diagnosis.Design.—All histopathology glass slides generated for routine diagnosis were digitized at ×40 using the Philips IntelliSite Pathology Solution, which includes an ultrafast scanner and an image management system. All hematoxylin-eosin–stained preparations and immunohistochemistry and histochemistry slides were digitized. The existing sample-tracking software and image management system were integrated to allow data interchange through the Health Level 7 protocol.Results.—Circa 160 000 specimens have been signed out using digital pathology for primary diagnosis. This comprises more than 800 000 digitized glass slides. The scanning error rate during the implementation phase was below 1.5%, and subsequent workflow optimization rendered this rate negligible. Since implementation, Granada University Hospitals pathologists have signed out 21% more cases per year on average.Conclusions.—Digital pathology is an adequate medium for primary histopathology diagnosis. Successful digitization relies on existing sample tracking and integration of the information technology infrastructure. Rapid and reliable scanning at ×40 equivalent was key to the transition to a fully digital workflow. Digital pathology resulted in efficiency gains in the preanalytical and analytical phases, and created the basis for computational pathology: the use of computer-assisted tools to aid diagnosis.
Evaluación de la implementación de materiales didácticos en Ciencias Sociales: propuestas para el desarrollo de la competencia social y ciudadana
Authors: Salazar Jiménez Rodrigo Arturo 
Published: July 2019

La información que se presenta en este artículo se centra en la evaluación de la implementación de cinco propuestas didácticas en Ciencias Sociales, para el desarrollo de la competencia Social y Ciudadana, particularmente en la percepción del profesorado sobre el material propuesto. Los resultados se obtuvieron por medio de encuestas que los y las docentes de nueve institutos de Cataluña debían responder antes de aplicar las unidades didácticas y después de cada una de las sesiones.
El procesamiento de la información se realizó con un modelo de análisis cuantitativo con el uso del programa Excel. Entre los principales resultados que podemos destacar de la información entregada por los nueves docentes que aplicaron el material: el profesorado hace una evaluación positiva de las unidades didácticas; las actividades son motivadoras para el alumnado; por último, que para los y las docentes el material resulta útil para conseguir los objetivos de aprendizaje propuestos al alumnado.

The information presented in this article focuses on the evaluation of the implementation of five didactic proposals in Social Sciences, for the development of Social and Citizen competence, particularly in the perception of the teaching staff about the proposed material. The results were obtained through surveys that the teachers of nine institutes in Catalonia had to answer before applying the teaching units and after each of the sessions.
The processing of the information was done with a quantitative analysis model with the use of the Excel program. Among the main results we can highlight the information provided by the nine teachers who applied the material: the teachers make a positive evaluation of the teaching units; the activities are motivating for the students; finally, that for teachers the material is useful to achieve the learning objectives proposed to the students.
Motivational analysis regarding to Learning throught Augmented Reality in Professional Education
Authors: Villarejo Villar Ana Belén 
Published: July 2019

La realidad aumentada es una tecnología que aporta múltiples recursos al ámbito educativo. Permite al alumno percibir el entorno real “aumentado” a través de determinados objetos virtuales con el fin de instruirlo sobre diferentes materias, como es el caso de la anatomía, disciplina utilizada en nuestro estudio. De esta forma se favorece la adquisición de conocimientos sobre los diferentes aparatos y sistemas que componen nuestro organismo, sobre su funcionamiento y patologías. El objetivo fundamental del presente trabajo es diseñar, implementar y evaluar una propuesta didáctica basada en la realidad aumentada para la materia de anatomofisiología en los ciclos de grado medio de Cuidados Auxiliares de Enfermería y de Emergencias Sanitarias. La intención es recoger información sobre cuatro grandes dimensiones como son la atención, la confianza, la relevancia y la satisfacción a través de un cuestionario compuesto por 26 ítems que se aplica antes y después de la interacción con los dos objetos en realidad aumentada elaborados ad hoc. Los resultados nos demuestran que el instrumento utilizado posee un nivel de confianza satisfactorio para su empleo en la valoración de la motivación suscitada en los estudiantes al interaccionar con las tecnologías. Las aplicaciones dirigidas a la formación facilitan el desarrollo y la asimilación de técnicas, ya que aproxima la teoría al profesional y permite interaccionar con ella de una forma más práctica y visual.
Augmented reality is a technology that brings multiple resources to the educational field. It allows the student to perceive the "improved" real world through certain virtual objects in order to instruct him on different subjects, such as anatomy, the discipline used in our study. In this way, the acquisition of knowledge about the different devices and systems of our body, its functioning and pathologies is favored.The main objective of the present work is to design, implement and evaluate a didactic proposal based on augmented reality for the subject of anatomy-physiology in the cycles of intermediate degree of Auxiliary Nursing Care and Health Emergencies. The purpose is to collect information on four large dimensions such as attention, trust, relevance and satisfaction through a questionnaire composed of 26 items that is applied before and after the interaction with the two objects in augmented reality prepared ad hoc.The results show that the instrument used has a satisfactory level of confidence for its use in the assessment of the motivation aroused in students when interacting with technologies. The applications directed to the formation facilitate the development and the assimilation of techniques, since it approaches the theory to the professional and allows to interact with her in a more practical and visual way.
Upregulation of SPOCK2 inhibits the invasion and migration of prostate cancer cells by regulating the MT1-MMP/MMP2 pathway
Authors: Liu Gang , Ren Fang , Song Yongsheng 
Published: July 2019

Background
It is known that secreted protein acidic and cysteine rich (osteonectin), cwcv and kazal-like domains proteoglycan 2 (SPOCK2) plays a significant role in the development and progression of several human cancers; however, the role of SPOCK2 in prostate cancer (PCa) remains unclear. This study aimed to find the role and mechanism of SPOCK2 in the development and progression of PCa.

Methods
The messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) expression of SPOCK2 in PCa tissue was detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Upregulation of the SPOCK2 gene was achieved using the DU145 and LNCaP cells by transfecting the cells with SPOCK2 recombinant fragment. Cell invasion and migration ability were detected by transwell chamber and wound healing assay. The expression of membrane-type 1 matrix metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP) and matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2) in the cells was detected by Western Blot and zymography gel assay.

Results
The mRNA level of SPOCK2 was significantly lower in the PCa tissue compared to benign prostate hyperplasia. Upregulation of SPOCK2 inhibited cell invasion and migration in DU145 and LNCaP cells, inhibited the expression of MT1-MMP and MMP2 and, inhibited activation of MMP2 in DU145 and LNCaP cells.

Conclusion
SPOCK2 is associated with the progression of PCa. Upregulation of SPOCK2 can inhibit PCa cell invasion and metastasis by decreasing MT1-MMP and MMP2 gene expression and decreasing MMP2 protein activation.
A Review of Microbiologic Isolates of Adults with Lower Respiratory Tract Infection
Authors: Thairu Yunusa, , Agada Akor, Alexander 
Published: July 2019

Aims: This study was designed to determine the isolates from microbial cultures and the antibiotics susceptibility pattern of adults with lower respiratory tract infection.
Study Design: A retrospective study.
Place and Duration of Study: This study was carried out at the Pulmonology units of Medicine department and Microbiology research laboratory unit, Microbiology and Parasitology department, University of Abuja Teaching Hospital (UATH) Gwagwalada, Federal Capital Territory (F.C.T) from August 2015 to September 2018 (Thirty-six months).
Methodology: This was a retrospective study. patients with LRTI who met the inclusion criteria were reviewed. The data were extracted from patients’ case notes using well-structured tools. The quality of clinical and laboratory work up were verified by the contribution of specialist Pulmonologist and Microbiologist in the management of patients.
Results: A total of one hundred and ninety-eight sample were reviewed of which fifty-seven percent (112) were males and the mean age of the study populations was 37± 13.8 years. From the positive cultures 86.9% were bacteremia and 4.0% were fungaemia. Streptococcus pneumoniae (30.3%) was the most predominant bacteria recovered from the sputum specimens; closely followed by Klebsiella pneumoniea and Staphylococcus aureus. imipenem and ofloxacin had good susceptibility activity and bacteria eradication rate with susceptibility rate of 92.8% and 92.5% respectively. Erythromycin, Augmentin and ceftriaxone had susceptibility of 66.2%, 89.4% and 90.0% respectively.
Conclusion: Streptococcus pneumonia, Klebsiella pneumoniea and Staphylococcus aureus are the most common bacteria isolated from sputum of patient who presented with LRTI. Quinolone (ofloxacin) and imipinem are the most sensitive antibiotics and should be considered in initiation of empiric antibiotic treatment.