bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Psychological disturbances in patients with pigmentary disorders: a cross‐sectional study
Authors: Dabas G. , Vinay K. , Parsad D. , Kumar A. , Kumaran M.S. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundData on prevalence and factors influencing psychological burden in pigmentary disorders are scarce.ObjectiveTo determine the point prevalence of anxiety disorder, depression and somatoform disorder in patients with melasma, vitiligo and acquired dermal macular hyperpigmentation (ADMH).MethodsA prospective cross‐sectional study involving 100 patients each with melasma, ADMH and vitiligo with lesions on exposed body parts was conducted in the pigmentary clinic of a tertiary care referral hospital from June 2015 to December 2017. Dermatology life quality index, PRIME‐MD Patient Health Questionnaire, Patient Health Questionnaire‐9, Generalized Anxiety Disorder‐7 and Patient Health Questionnaire‐15 were used for assessment of quality of life, psychiatric comorbidities, depression, general anxiety disorder and somatoform disorders, respectively, and correlated with age, gender, occupation, marital status, severity and progression of the disease.ResultsThe prevalence of anxiety disorder in patients with melasma, vitiligo and ADMH was 11.6%, 21% and 18.7%, respectively. Depression was seen in 12.8%, 27% and 24.1% patients with melasma, vitiligo and ADMH, respectively. Somatoform disorder was more common in vitiligo (17.9%) as compared to ADMH (14.3%) and melasma (8.1%). There were positive correlations between the severity of disease and the point prevalence of anxiety and depression in all disorders.ConclusionA high point prevalence of anxiety, depression and somatoform disorders was observed with pigmentary diseases, especially vitiligo and ADMH. The prevalence of anxiety and depression correlated with the disease severity and activity. Future research involving comparison with the general healthy population is required for a more affirmative conclusion.
A clinical comparison of digital and conventional impression techniques regarding finish line locations and impression time
Authors: Koulivand Soudabeh , Ghodsi Safoura , Siadat Hakimeh , Alikhasi Marzieh 
Published: October 2019

AbstractObjectiveThis study compared digital and conventional impression techniques regarding impression time, frequency of adjustments, and adaptation of cobalt‐chromium (Co‐Cr) copings with supragingival and subgingival finish lines.Materials and MethodsThirty premolars prepared for single‐unit metal‐ceramic restorations with supragingival and subgingival finish lines (n = 15). Conventional impression and digital scan of prepared teeth were made. Using computer aided design/computer aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) system the copings were produced by a milling machine from Co‐Cr blocks and internal and marginal discrepancies were measured using silicone replica technique. Data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA and Mann‐Whitney test (alpha = .05).ResultsThe impression technique had a significant effect on the magnitude of gap (P < .001). The internal and marginal gaps in the digital technique (49.43 μ and 60.07 μ, respectively) were significantly lower than the values in the conventional method (91.88 μ and 96.96 μ, respectively—P < .001). Finish line positions had no significant effect on the fit and marginal gap of copings (P = .54 and .243, respectively). The mean impression time (19′:27″ in conventional technique and 10′:31″ in digital technique) was significantly shorter (P < .001) and the mean frequency of adjustments (2.2 times for conventional and 1.3 times for digital technique) was significantly lower in the digital technique (P < .001). The gingival biotype (thick or thin) had no significant effect on marginal and internal fit (P = .052 and .319, respectively).ConclusionThe digital technique was superior in terms of fit, impression time, and frequency of adjustments. Finish line positions had no significant effect on the fit of copings.Clinical SignificanceUsing intraoral scanner promotes the fits of restorations in supragingival and subgingival finish lines.
The Use of Technology to Support Precision Health in Nursing Science
Authors: Starkweather Angela , Jacelon Cynthia S. , Bakken Suzanne , Barton Debra L. , DeVito Dabbs Annette , Dorsey Susan G. , Guthrie Barbara J. , Heitkemper Margaret M. , Hickey Kathleen T. , Kelechi Teresa J. , Kim Miyong T. , Marquard Jenna , Moore Shirley M. , Redeker Nancy S. , Schiffman Rachel F. , Ward Teresa M. , Adams Lynn S. , Kehl Karen A. , Miller Jeri L. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractPurposeThis article outlines how current nursing research can utilize technology to advance symptom and self‐management science for precision health and provides a roadmap for the development and use of technologies designed for this purpose.ApproachAt the 2018 annual conference of the National Institute of Nursing Research (NINR) Research Centers, nursing and interdisciplinary scientists discussed the use of technology to support precision health in nursing research projects and programs of study. Key themes derived from the presentations and discussion were summarized to create a proposed roadmap for advancement of technologies to support health and well‐being.ConclusionsTechnology to support precision health must be centered on the user and designed to be desirable, feasible, and viable. The proposed roadmap is composed of five iterative steps for the development, testing, and implementation of technology‐based/enhanced self‐management interventions. These steps are (a) contextual inquiry, focused on the relationships among humans, and the tools and equipment used in day‐to‐day life; (b) value specification, translating end‐user values into end‐user requirements; (c) design, verifying that the technology/device can be created and developing the prototype(s); (d) operationalization, testing the intervention in a real‐world setting; and (e) summative evaluation, collecting and analyzing viability metrics, including process data, to evaluate whether the technology and the intervention have the desired effect.Clinical RelevanceInterventions using technology are increasingly popular in precision health. Use of a standard multistep process for the development and testing of technology is essential.
Customized lip enhancement for clinical different lip features: An observational study
Authors: Zazzaron Michela 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe request for lip improvement treatments with injectable hyaluronic acid (HA) is increasing. However, as the patient's needs can be extremely different, it is unconceivable to use the same technique/product for clinical different lips to grant customized results.AimsTo provide a specific treatment approach for clinically different lips based on the Author's clinical experience.Patients/MethodsPatients belonged to four clinical groups: young lips requiring volume enhancement or a reshaping intervention, and senescent lips requiring rejuvenation or a rebuild intervention. At first visit T0, subjects underwent a pretreatment evaluation and the investigator performed an individual treatment based upon patient's esthetic goals and lip's baseline features. Lip fullness was assessed by the investigator using a Medicis Lip Fullness Scale (MLFS) at first visit (T0) and at 2 weeks (T1). Subjects and investigator answered to the Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale (GAIS) at 2 weeks T1 and at 12 weeks (T2). A photographic evaluation was undertaken at T0 and T2.ResultsOnly, in the two groups requiring volumization there was 1 grade of improvement in the MLFS (young lips—volume and senescent lips—rebuild). Nonetheless, the performed combination of techniques/products was overall very satisfactory: 80% of the subjects reported a much improved/very much improved outcome in the GAIS, and the same was reported by the investigator in 90% of the subjects. A weak positive correlation was found between MLFS responses and subject's GAIS at T1 in all groups.ConclusionsThis customized treatment approach, consisting in choosing the right gel technology injected in minimum quantities with the right technique, ensures a harmonic result avoiding aberrations and standardizations.
Significant lung injury and its prognostic significance in acute liver failure: A cohort analysis
Authors: Dong Victor , Sun Ken , Gottfried Michelle , Cardoso Filipe S. , McPhail Mark J. , Stravitz R. Todd , Lee William M. , Karvellas Constantine J. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackground and aimsRespiratory failure complicating acute liver failure (ALF) may preclude liver transplantation (LT). We evaluated the association between significant lung injury (SLI) and important clinical outcomes.MethodsRetrospective cohort study of 947 ALF patients with chest radiograph (CXR) and arterial blood gas (ABG) data enrolled in the US Acute Liver Failure Study Group (US‐ALFSG) from January 1998 to December 2016. SLI was defined by moderate hypoxaemia (Berlin classification; PaO2/FiO2 < 200 mm Hg) and abnormalities on CXR. Primary outcomes were 21‐day transplant‐free survival (TFS) and overall survival.ResultsOf 947 ALF patients, 370 (39%) had evidence of SLI. ALF patients with SLI (ALF‐SLI) had significantly worse oxygenation than controls on admission (median PF ratio 120 vs 300 mm Hg, P < .0001) and higher lactate (6.1 vs 4.6 mmol/l, P = .0008). ALF‐SLI patients had higher rates of tracheal (19% vs 14%) and bloodstream (17% vs 11%, P < .005 for both) infections and were more likely to receive transfusions (red cells 55% vs 43%; FFP 74% vs 66%; P < .009 for both). ALF‐SLI patients were less likely to receive LT (18% vs 25%, P = .02) and had significantly decreased 21‐day TFS (34% vs 42%) and overall survival (49% vs 64%, P < .007 for both). After adjusting for significant covariates (INR, bilirubin, acetaminophen aetiology), the development of SLI was independently associated with decreased 21‐day TFS (OR 0.71, P = .03) in ALF patients (C‐index 0.78). The incorporation of SLI improved discriminatory ability of the King's College Criteria (P = .0061) but not the ALFSG prognostic index (P = .34).ConclusionSignificant lung injury is a common complication in ALF patients that adversely affects patient outcomes.
Systematic review with meta‐analysis: Nutritional screening and assessment tools in cirrhosis
Authors: Ney Michael , Li Suqing , Vandermeer Ben , Gramlich Leah , Ismond Kathleen P. , Raman Maitreyi , Tandon Puneeta 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackground & AimsDisease‐related malnutrition is common in cirrhosis. Multiple studies have evaluated nutritional screening tools (NSTs, rapid bedside tests targeting who needs assessment) and nutritional assessment tools (NATs, used in diagnosing malnutrition) as predictors of clinical outcome in this population. We performed a systematic review and meta‐analysis of this literature with the aim of summarising the varying definitions of malnutrition across studies, the available evidence for NSTs and the ability of NSTs and NATs to predict clinical outcomes in cirrhosis.MethodsThe primary outcome measures were pre‐ and post‐transplant mortality with a range of secondary outcomes. Inclusion: cirrhosis over age 16. Exclusion: >25% with hepatocellular carcinoma, primarily laboratory test‐based NATs or lack of screening, assessment or outcome criteria.ResultsEight thousand eight hundred fifty patients were included across 47 studies. Only 3 studies assessed NSTs. Thirty‐two definitions for malnutrition were utilised across studies. NATs predicted pre‐transplant mortality in 69% of cases that were assessed with a risk ratio (RR) of 2.38 (95% CI 1.96‐2.89). NATs were prognostic for post‐transplant mortality only 28% of the times they were assessed, with a RR of 3.04 (95% CI 1.51‐6.12).ConclusionsThe cirrhosis literature includes limited data on nutrition screening and multiple definitions for what constitutes malnutrition using NATs. Despite this discordance, it is clear that malnutrition is a valuable predictor of pre‐transplant mortality almost regardless of how it is defined. We require clinical and research consensus around the definition of malnutrition and the accepted processes and cut‐points for nutrition screening and assessment in cirrhosis.
Not being there: An analysis of expertise‐induced amnesia
Authors: Høffding Simon , Montero Barbara Gail 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIt has been hypothesized that postperformance memory gaps occur in highly skilled individuals because experts generally perform their skills without conscious attention. In contrast, we hypothesize that such memory gaps may occur when performers focus so intently on their unfolding actions that their ongoing attention interferes with long‐term memory formation of what was previously attended to, or when performers are highly focused on aspects of their bodily skills that are not readily put into words. In neither case, we argue, does performance proceed automatically yet both situations, we suggest, may lead to an inability to recollect performance.
Functional involvement of acid‐sensing ion channel 3 in the swallowing reflex in rats
Authors: Hossain Mohammad Zakir , Ando Hiroshi , Unno Shumpei , Nakamoto Tetsuji , Kitagawa Junichi 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundDifficulty swallowing represents a major health problem. Swallowing function is improved by incorporating weak acids in suspensions/food boluses, implicating acid‐sensing ion channels (ASICs) in the swallowing reflex. However, the functional involvement of ASICs in the swallowing reflex has not been fully elucidated.MethodsWe localized ASIC3s in swallowing‐related regions innervated by the superior laryngeal nerves (SLNs) and those in the nodose‐petrosal‐jugular ganglionic complex (NPJc) and examined their functional involvement in evoking the swallowing reflex in rats.Key ResultsWe localized ASIC3s on epithelial cells and nerve fibers in swallowing‐related regions innervated by the SLNs. In the NPJc, around half of the SLN‐afferent neurons expressed ASIC3. Two‐thirds of ASIC3s were localized on unmyelinated neurons in the nodose and petrosal ganglia. In the jugular ganglia, they were equally distributed on unmyelinated and myelinated neurons. Topical application of a synthetic non‐proton ASIC3 activator, 2‐guanidine‐4‐methylquinazoline (GMQ), and its natural endogenous ligand agmatine (a metabolite of the amino acid arginine) in swallowing‐related regions evoked a considerable number of swallowing reflexes. Increasing the concentration of GMQ and agmatine up to a certain concentration increased the number of evoked reflexes and shortened the interval between the evoked reflexes. Agmatine was less potent than GMQ in its ability to evoke swallowing reflexes. Prior topical application of an ASIC3 antagonist significantly attenuated the number of GMQ‐ and agmatine‐evoked swallowing reflexes.Conclusions & InferencesAcid‐sensing ion channel 3s localized on nerves and epithelial cells in swallowing‐related regions are functional in evoking the swallowing reflex and activation of these channels via a pharmacological agonist appears to improve swallowing behavior.
Normative values for region‐specific colonic and gastrointestinal transit times in 111 healthy volunteers using the 3D‐Transit electromagnet tracking system: Influence of age, gender, and body mass index
Authors: Nandhra Gursharan Kaur , Mark Esben Bolvig , Di Tanna Gian Luca , Haase Anne‐Mette , Poulsen Jakob , Christodoulides Stephanos , Kung Victor , Klinge Mette W. , Knudsen Karoline , Borghammer Per , Andersen Katrine O. , Fynne Lotte , Sutter Nanna , Schlageter Vincent , Krogh Klaus , Drewes Asbjørn Mohr , Birch Malcolm , Scott S. Mark 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe 3D‐Transit electromagnet tracking system (Motilis Medica, SA, Lausanne, Switzerland) is an emerging tool for the ambulatory assessment of gastrointestinal (GI) transit and motility. Using this tool, we aimed to derive normative values for region‐specific colonic and GI transit times and to assess the influence of age, gender, and body mass index (BMI).MethodsRegional and total colonic transit times (CTT), gastric emptying (GET), small intestinal (SITT), and whole gut (WGTT) transit times were extracted from 111 healthy volunteers from the United Kingdom and Denmark (58 female; median age: 40 years [range: 21‐88]). The effects of age, gender, and BMI were assessed using standard statistical methods.Key ResultsThe ascending, transverse, descending, and rectosigmoid colon transit times accounted for 32%, 34%, 17%, and 17% of total CTT in females, and 33%, 25%, 14%, and 28% of total CTT in males. CTT and WGTT were seen to cluster at intervals separated by approximately 24 hours, providing further evidence of the non‐continuous nature of these measurements. Increasing age was associated with longer CTT (P = .021), WGTT (P < .001) ascending (P = .004), transverse (P < .001), and total right (P < .001) colon transit times, but shorter rectosigmoid (P = .004) transit time. Female gender was significantly associated with longer transverse (P = .049) and descending (P < .001) colon transit times, but shorter rectosigmoid (P < .001) transit time. Increasing BMI was significantly associated with shorter WGTT (P = .012).Conclusions and InferencesFor the first time, normative reference values for region‐specific colonic transit have been presented. Age, gender, and BMI were seen to have an effect on transit times.
A transcription factor OsbHLH156 regulates Strategy II iron acquisition through localising IRO2 to the nucleus in rice
Authors: Wang Shoudong , Li Lin , Ying Yinghui , Wang Jin , Shao Ji Feng , Yamaji Naoki , Whelan James , Ma Jian Feng , Shou Huixia 
Published: October 2019

Summary

Plants have evolved two strategies to acquire ferrous (Strategy I) or ferric (Strategy II) iron from soil. The iron‐related bHLH transcription factor 2 (IRO2) has been identified as a key regulator of iron acquisition (Strategy II) in rice. However, its mode of action, subcellular localisation and binding partners are not clearly defined.

Using RNA‐seq analyses, we identified a novel bHLH‐type transcription factor, OsbHLH156. The function of OsbHLH156 in Fe homeostasis was analysed by characterisation of the phenotypes, elemental content, transcriptome, interaction and subcellular localisation of OsbHLH156 and IRO2.

OsbHLH156 is primarily expressed in the roots and transcript abundance is greatly increased by Fe deficiency. Loss of function of OsbHLH156 resulted in Fe‐deficiency‐induced chlorosis and reduced Fe concentration in the shoots under upland or Fe(III) supplied conditions. Transcriptome analyses revealed that the expression of most Fe‐deficiency‐responsive genes involved in Strategy II were not induced in the osbhlh156‐1 mutant. Furthermore, OsbHLH156 was required for nuclear localisation of IRO2.

We conclude that OsbHLH156 is required for a Strategy II uptake mechanism in rice, partnering with a previously identified ‘master’ regulator IRO2. Mechanistically it is required for the nuclear localisation of IRO2.
Folate levels in pregnancy and offspring food allergy and eczema
Authors: Molloy John , Collier Fiona , Saffery Richard , Allen Katrina J. , Koplin Jennifer J. , Louise Ponsonby Anne , Tang Mimi L. K. , Ward Alister C. , Martino David , Burgner David , Carlin John B. , Ranganathan Sarath , Symeonedies Christos , Dwyer Terence ,   the BIS Investigator Group, Vuillermin Peter 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundHigh folate status in pregnancy has been implicated in the increased prevalence of allergic disease, but there are no published data relating directly measured folate status in pregnancy to challenge‐proven food allergy among offspring. The study aim was to examine the association between red blood cell (RBC) folate status in trimester three of pregnancy and allergic disease among offspring.MethodsRed blood cell folate levels were measured at 28‐32 weeks’ gestation in a prospective birth cohort (n = 1074). Food allergy outcomes were assessed in 1‐year‐old infants by skin prick testing and subsequent food challenge. Eczema was assessed by questionnaire and clinical review. High trimester three RBC folate was defined as greater than (>) 1360 nmol/L. Binomial regression was used to examine associations between trimester three RBC folate and allergic outcomes, adjusting for potential confounders.ResultsRed blood cell folate levels were measured in 88% (894/1064) of pregnant women. The mean concentration was 1695.6 nmol/L (standard deviation 415.4) with 82% (731/894) >1360 nmol/L. There was no evidence of either linear or non‐linear relationships between trimester three RBC folate and allergic outcomes, nor evidence of associations between high RBC folate and food allergy (adjusted risk ratio (aRR) 2.89, 95% CI 0.90‐9.35), food sensitization (aRR 1.72, 95% CI 0.85‐3.49), or eczema (aRR 0.97, 95% CI 0.67‐1.38).ConclusionThe majority of pregnant women in this study had high RBC folate levels. There was no evidence of associations between trimester three RBC folate and food allergy, food sensitization, or eczema among the offspring, although larger studies are required.
Morphological and morphometric characterization of domestic cat epididymal sperm
Authors: de Sousa Barbosa Brenna , Rodrigues Silva Herlon Victor , Evaristo de Almeida Tabosa Beatriz , Gothardo Pereira Nunes Thalles , de Magalhães Francisco Felipe , Daniel Machado da Silva Lúcia 
Published: October 2019

AbstractSperm morphometry is the tool that confers objectivity to the morphological evaluation by accurately measuring the dimensions of the gamete and its structures. Thus, the aim of the study was to perform a morphometric characterization of the domestic cat sperm. Therefore, sperm samples were collected from twenty pairs of epididymis in a TRIS extender at 37ºC. An aliquot of the sample was used to make a smear with Rose Bengal solution, and afterwards, the morphology and morphometry were analysed. In the morphology, were quantified the percentage of normal sperm cells, morphological changes of head, midpiece and tail. In morphometry, each normal sperm cell was measured for length, width, area and perimeter of head and midpiece, tail length and total length. The parameters ellipticity, elongation, regularity and rugosity were also determined. The percentage of normal sperm was 67.21%. Of the abnormalities, the curled/folded tail, followed by the curved midpiece, abnormal shaped head and detached head were the most quantified. The sperm head presented 5.56 ± 0.01 μm and 3.10 ± 0.01 μm of length and width, respectively. The head area was 16.94 ± 0.05 μm2, while the perimeter was 16.16 ± 0.03 μm. In the derived parameters, the values were as follows: ellipticity of 1.81 ± 0.00; elongation of 21.39 ± 0.12; regularity of 0.81 ± 0.00; and rugosity of 0.14 ± 0.00. The midpiece presented length and width of 7.96 ± 0.01 μm and 0.76 ± 0.01 μm, respectively. The mean length of the sperm tail was 45.12 ± 0.06 μm, and the total cell size was 58.67 ± 0.06 μm. Thus, it was concluded that the cat sperm is an elongated cell, with high rugosity and regularity. The spermatic tail represents more than ¾ of the total length of the cell and the midpiece exceeds the length of the head.