bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Having More Choices Changes How Human Observers Weight Stable Sensory Evidence
Authors: Itthipuripat Sirawaj , Cha Kexin , Deering Sean , Salazar Annalisa M. , Serences John T. 
Published: August 2018

Decision-making becomes slower when more choices are available. Existing models attribute this slowing to poor sensory processing, to attenuated rates of sensory evidence accumulation, or to increases in the amount of evidence required before committing to a decision (a higher decision threshold). However, studies have not isolated the effects of having more choices on sensory and decision-related processes from changes in task difficulty and divided attention. Here, we controlled task difficulty while independently manipulating the distribution of attention and the number of choices available to male and female human observers. We used EEG to measure steady-state visually evoked potentials (SSVEPs) and a frontal late positive deflection (LPD), EEG markers of sensory and postsensory decision-related processes, respectively. We found that dividing attention decreased SSVEP and LPD amplitudes, consistent with dampened sensory responses and slower rates of evidence accumulation, respectively. In contrast, having more choices did not alter SSVEP amplitude and led to a larger LPD. These results suggest that having more options largely spares early sensory processing and slows down decision-making via a selective increase in decision thresholds.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTWhen more choices are available, decision-making becomes slower. We tested whether this phenomenon is due to poor sensory processing, to reduced rates of evidence accumulation, or to increases in the amount of evidence required before committing to a decision (a higher decision threshold). We measured choice modulations of sensory and decision-related neural responses using EEG. We also minimized potential confounds from changes in the distribution of attention and task difficulty, which often covary with having more choices. Dividing attention reduced the activity levels of both sensory and decision-related responses. However, having more choices did not change sensory processing and led to larger decision-related responses. These results suggest that having more choices spares sensory processing and selectively increases decision thresholds.
Longitudinal BMI Growth Curves for Surviving Preterm NICU Infants Based on a Large US Sample
Authors: Williamson Adrienne L. , Derado Josip , Barney Bradley J. , Saunders Greg , Olsen Irene E. , Clark Reese H. , Lawson M. Louise 
Published: August 2018

BACKGROUND:
Longitudinal growth curves, based on repeated measurements from the same group of infants, exist for preterm infant weight and length but not for BMI. Our existing BMI (weight divided by length squared) curves are based on cross-sectional birth data obtained from a different group of infants at each gestational age (GA).

METHODS:
We calculated BMI over time for 68 693 preterm infants between 24 and 36 weeks GA. Stratifying infants by sex, GA at birth, and quintiles based on birth BMI, we created longitudinal median curves using R and validated the resulting curves for empirical fit, proper classification, and normality of z scores.

RESULTS:
We created 2 sets of BMI growth charts. The first set displays fitted median curves for all 5 percentile groups in each GA group by sex. The second set displays fitted median curves with their corresponding third and 97th percentiles by percentile group, GA, and sex. In the validation analysis, percentage of daily observations below the median curve approximated the expected 50th percentile after the initial 3 days. Unlike the cross-sectional curves, the longitudinal curves reveal the pattern of change corresponding to nadir; postnadir, these curves remained consistently below the cross-sectional curves and varied by GA and sex as expected. The percentage of observations falling below the 50th percentile for cross-sectional curves (revealing optimal growth) was generally much higher than for longitudinal curves (revealing actual growth).

CONCLUSIONS:
These new longitudinal curves provide clinicians data on how premature infants’ body proportionality changes over time.
Invariância de medida e evidências de validade externa da Peer Aggressive Behavior Scale (PAB-S)
Authors: Borsa Juliane Callegaro , DeSousa Diogo Araujo 
Published: August 2018

Os comportamentos agressivos são comuns na infância, o que exige o uso de instrumentos adequados para mensurá-los. O objetivo deste estudo foi testar a invariância de medida da Peer Aggressive Behavior Scale (PAB-S) e investigar evidências de validade baseadas na relação com variáveis externas. Participaram 237 cuidadores (M = 38,5; DP = 7,02; 70,6% mães) e 1.370 crianças,com idades entre 7 e 13 anos (M = 9,87; DP = 1,28; 53,1% meninas), estudantes de escolas de ensino fundamental de três estados brasileiros. A Análise Fatorial Confirmatória Multigrupo demonstrou invariância configural escalar e métrica da PAB-S. Já a Modelagem de Equações Estruturais indicou evidências de validade concorrente e convergente. Os resultados apontam para as adequadas propriedades psicométricas da PAB-S, sugerindo sua adequação para uso no contexto brasileiro. Novos estudos deverão ser conduzidos para agregar outras evidências de validade e confiabilidade da PAB-S.
Podocyte-Specific Induction of Krüppel-Like Factor 15 Restores Differentiation Markers and Attenuates Kidney Injury in Proteinuric Kidney Disease
Authors: Guo Yiqing , Pace Jesse , Li Zhengzhe , Ma’ayan Avi , Wang Zichen , Revelo Monica P. , Chen Edward , Gu Xiangchen , Attalah Ahmed , Yang Yaqi , Estrada Chelsea , Yang Vincent W. , He John C. , Mallipattu Sandeep K. 
Published: August 2018

Background
Podocyte injury is the hallmark of proteinuric kidney diseases, such as FSGS and minimal change disease, and destabilization of the podocyte’s actin cytoskeleton contributes to podocyte dysfunction in many of these conditions. Although agents, such as glucocorticoids and cyclosporin, stabilize the actin cytoskeleton, systemic toxicity hinders chronic use. We previously showed that loss of the kidney-enriched zinc finger transcription factor Krüppel-like factor 15 (KLF15) increases susceptibility to proteinuric kidney disease and attenuates the salutary effects of retinoic acid and glucocorticoids in the podocyte.

Methods
We induced podocyte-specific KLF15 in two proteinuric murine models, HIV-1 transgenic (Tg26) mice and adriamycin (ADR)-induced nephropathy, and used RNA sequencing of isolated glomeruli and subsequent enrichment analysis to investigate pathways mediated by podocyte-specific KLF15 in Tg26 mice. We also explored in cultured human podocytes the potential mediating role of Wilms Tumor 1 (WT1), a transcription factor critical for podocyte differentiation.

Results
In Tg26 mice, inducing podocyte-specific KLF15 attenuated podocyte injury, glomerulosclerosis, tubulointerstitial fibrosis, and inflammation, while improving renal function and overall survival; it also attenuated podocyte injury in ADR-treated mice. Enrichment analysis of RNA sequencing from the Tg26 mouse model shows that KLF15 induction activates pathways involved in stabilization of actin cytoskeleton, focal adhesion, and podocyte differentiation. Transcription factor enrichment analysis, with further experimental validation, suggests that KLF15 activity is in part mediated by WT1.

Conclusions
Inducing podocyte-specific KLF15 attenuates kidney injury by directly and indirectly upregulating genes critical for podocyte differentiation, suggesting that KLF15 induction might be a potential strategy for treating proteinuric kidney disease.
Factores endógenos causantes de la permanencia irregular en la Facultad de Ciencias Contables, Económicas y Administrativas de la Universidad de la Amazonia: Una lectura desde el actuar docente.
Authors: Gomez Cano Carlos Alberto , Sánchez Castillo Verenice , Tovar Cardozo Ginna 
Published: August 2018

Objetivo: el fin de este trabajo fue caracterizar desde la percepción de los docentes, la relación que existe entre las condiciones institucionales de la Universidad de la Amazonia y el fenómeno de permanencia irregular de la Facultad de Ciencias Contables, Económicas y Administrativas.
Método: el estudio fue de corte cuantitativo, el levantamiento de la información para la identificación y caracterización de los factores endógenos generadores de permanencia irregular, se hizo con la técnica arqueo de archivo y la percepción de los docentes acerca del fenómeno se determinó a través de encuestas.
Resultados:
Los factores que inciden en mayor medida en el fenómeno de permanencia irregular fueron: rendimiento académico, la gestión administrativa, el currículo y el mismo ejercicio docente.
Conclusiones y discusiones:
Se requiere la intervención de las autoridades académicas, el establecimiento de políticas institucionales y la articulación de procesos a fin de contribuir a la erradicación de la permanencia irregular.
COMO VAGA-LUME... O TRABALHO DE ACOMPANHAMENTO DO PROFESSOR EXPERIENTE AO PROFESSOR INICIANTE
Authors: SOUZA SUELI DE OLIVEIRA , Lorenzzon Márcia Roza , Da Rocha Simone Albuquerque 
Published: August 2018

Esta pesquisa tem origem no projeto aprovado pela UFMT no Observatório da EducaçãoOBEDUC/CAPES/INEP/SECADI, que investiga sobre o professor iniciante, seu desenvolvimento profissional, dificuldades e necessidades, inserindo neste contexto, o professor experiente. O objetivo principal foi o de evidenciar nasescolas dos municípios de Rondonópolis e Primavera do Leste, as dificuldadesque os professores iniciantes enfrentam no início de carreira e a como esta realidade se apresenta quando um professor experiente na escola lhe dá apoio e acompanhamento. O loci da pesquisaforam quatroescolas públicas, nos dois municípios, e os sujeitos foram quatro professoras iniciantes, sendo uma de cada escola, dois na Escola Municipal de Rondonópolis e dois na Escola Estadual de Primavera do Leste.As questões que se indagam são: Quais as dificuldades relatadas pelos professores no início da carreira profissional? Como eles percebem a inserção de um professor experiente para acompanhá-los e orientá-los em seus impasses e desafios? O que dizem os professores iniciantes que não contam com auxílio do professor experiente em suas práticas? Apoiada na pesquisa qualitativa, o estudo adotou para coleta de dados as narrativas das professoras que foram analisadas a partir de dois eixos: dilemas dos professores no início da carreira; e a relação de acompanhamento do professor experiente ao professor iniciante. Evidenciou-se nas narrativas, que os professores em início de carreira sofrem com a falta de experiência e o quanto o trabalho do professor experiente pode contribuir de forma significativa para jogar luz em seus caminhos a fim de tenha condições de enfrentar os desafios postos com mais confiança.
ESTADO, DEMOCRACIA E OS CONSELHOS MUNICIPAIS DE EDUCAÇÃO
Authors: RAIMANN ARI , Santos Fernando 
Published: August 2018

Este artigo tem por objetivo discutir a constituição do Estado brasileiro, sua democracia burguesa e a atuação dos Conselhos Municipais de Educação (CME), destacando a qualidade socialmente referenciada do ensino. Os CME decorrem do processo de redemocratização do país, presente nas políticas a partir dos anos 1990, pós aprovação da Constituição de 1988. Como órgãos institucionalizados, os CME se constituíram como oportunidade de participação e representação à comunidade, tendo em vista o acompanhamento e controle social das políticas públicas e do direito à educação. O texto resulta de investigação desenvolvida no Brasil considerando o período pós 1990, que reuniu pesquisadores das seguintes instituições de ensino superior: UFG/JATAÍ; UFU; UFGD; UFMT e UNEMAT. O artigo está estruturado em três seções, quais sejam: (1) A constituição do Estado; (2) Faces da democracia e (3) os Conselhos Municipais de Educação de Goiás. Como resultado, trazemos elementos problematizadores referentes à constituição do Estado, à democracia e aos CME neste contexto.
Duração de pausas em conversas espontâneas de parkinsonianos
Authors: Chacon Lourenço , Schulz Geralyn 
Published: August 2018

Variability in speech features of Parkinsonians has been described in studies on Parkinsonism. The purpose of this study was to investigate some factories involved in this variability, specifically in pause duration. Speech simples containing pauses were extracted from spontaneous conversations of two male Brazilian Parkinsonians. Four hundred twenty four pauses (subject one = 130; subject two = 294) were collected, measured and classified according to: (1) degree of duration (very short, short, middle, long and very long); (2) position at the beginning (initial) or in the development (internal) of the subject’s conversational turn; and (3) presence of silence only (unfilled), sound (filled) and combinations between silence and sound (mixed). Great variability in pause duration occurred in both inter and intrasubjects. Except for internal middle pauses, subject one had shorter mean values in pause duration. Filled pauses had shorter mean duration for the two subjects when compared to unfilled ones; however, mixed pauses had longer values for subjects two than subject one. Factors such as cognitive organization, affective states, articulatory difficulties, semantic aspects of enunciation and conversational strategies were linked to the variability in pause duration presented by the 2 subjects.
Cooperative work: a proposal of learning fractions with students in the fifth grade
Authors: Acevedo Forero Nelson Andrés , Guerrero Ordóñez Romina Georyany 
Published: August 2018

The purpose of this research is to improve school performance of students in the study of fractions using the cooperative work of fifth grade students at Alto del Obispo School, in San Agustín Huila. Starting from considerations of the Basic Standards for Mathematical Competencies, we state that learning mathematics is not only a cognitive issue, but it also involves emotional and social factors, which are related to a particular learning context in order to contribute to a better quality of life for citizens. That's why mathematics education in learning fractions can be made through the cooperative work which is an exercise that is learned and develops a team of students through positive interdependence, individual and group responsibility, stimulating interaction, some interpersonal and group practices and group evaluation. A methodology is used with a quantitative approach under a non-experimental longitudinal design type panel, examining changes over time, collecting data at different times and applied to the same study group, where initially an objective test (pre-test) is applied to collect data. In a second phase, after developing the teaching strategy, we apply the initial instruments (post-test) the data is processed in the computer SPSS again rendering apparent that the group has experienced a change. As a result, cooperative work is an educational and learning of fractions benchmark that promotes students interests and common sense in a healthy coexistence.
The comprehensive environmental performance evaluation of wastewater reclamation systems
Authors: Fukushima T. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThis is an attempt to perform an environmental evaluation of wastewater reclamation systems as part of TC282 activity. Four treatment levels were set to evaluate the performance of the water for reuse: secondary, advanced, membrane bioreactor, and reclaimed. In this study, reclaimed treatment was determined to be the most effective in the evaluation of the efficiency of wastewater reclamation systems. The selection of an appropriate wastewater reclamation system to obtain water quality for the purpose of reuse is also important as part of the effort to minimize greenhouse gas emissions.
Operational experience of large-scale membrane bioreactors in an underground sewage treatment plant
Authors: Tang M. , Chen Y. J. , Yong W. B. , Liu J. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
With rapid urbanization, great strains are not only being placed on the production of clean water; there is also an equal, if not, more important need to treat the increasing quantities of wastewaters being produced. With urbanization driving up land prices drastically, it makes good sense to leverage on technologies with smaller plant footprints, like the membrane bioreactor (MBR), as well as to adopt an innovative underground installation of the sewage treatment plant (STP), allowing a non-obnoxious co-existence with nearby residences. Being one of the largest underground STPs, the Jingxi Underground STP in Guangzhou is a 100,000 m3/day MBR-based treatment plant that was commissioned in 2010. The case study described here demonstrates the operational excellence of the STP by illustrating how an optimized internal recirculation for the A2O-MBR process reduced aeration energy demands by 18% while simultaneously improving Total Nitrogen (TN) removal by 24%. Furthermore, the success of a plant trial elucidating conditions that stabilized higher flux operations (to handle surges in water production demands) were also discussed.
Improving MUSLE performance for sediment yield prediction at micro-watershed level using seasonal classified data
Authors: Noor Hamzeh , Khalaj Mohammad Rostami 
Published: August 2018

AbstractSeparating erosion data and assessing season-based models are of great importance considering the variation in soil erosion processes in different seasons, especially in semi-arid regions. However, evaluation of an erosion model using seasonal classification of data and at a micro-watershed level have rarely been considered. Therefore, the present study was conducted to evaluate the modified universal soil loss equation (MUSLE): 1) with the seasonal classification of data and 2) with the traditional approach (no classification of data), in the Sanganeh research micro-watershed. This watershed has an area of 1.2 ha and is located in the north east of Iran. The results showed that the original MUSLE overestimated the sediment yield in the study watershed. Also, after calibration of MUSLE, the seasonal classification of data (with a relative estimation error (RE) of 34%) showed its superior performance compared with the traditional calibration approach (with a RE of 62%). In this regard, the obtained REs of 33, 40, and 31% respectively for spring, autumn, and winter are within or close to the acceptable range.
ENVISIONing the LCA of a wastewater treatment plant
Authors: Kadava A. , Murthy S. , Shaw A. R. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
In today's sustainability market where there are several tools to rate and grade the ‘green’ level of modern day infrastructure, the multi-tiered credit rating system called Envision provides an holistic approach to tackle the issue. Developed by the Institute for Sustainable Infrastructure (ISI), Envision has around 60 sustainability credits to score points in order to reach a recognized level of achievement. Life cycle assessment (LCA) is another tool that is gaining industry-wide acceptance for assessing potential environmental impacts. LCA is recognized by Envision as a good way to assess several of the available credits in their system. An LCA performed for Blue Plains Advanced Wastewater Treatment Facility (AWTF), Washington, D.C., USA was used as an example case study to show how credits could be calculated for a used water treatment facility.
Enhancing the ventilation of sewers by using inhaled air in the vertical stack of a building
Authors: Lu Jin suo , Zhang Erfei , Li Kai 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Improving the ventilation of sewers could control the production of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and methane (CH4), which are associated with anaerobic conditions. In this manuscript, a ventilation method using inhaled air from the drainage of the vertical stack of a building was proposed, and a model based on the dimensional method was established to calculate the airflow rate of the inhaled air. By observing the air pressure and air velocity of the ventilation cowl and the opening hole of the sewers, it was found that the inhaled air flowed down with water and that approximately 94% of the inhaled air would flow into the headspace of the sewer to enhance ventilation. According to the model and the observed service condition of toilets in the building, the daily average quantity of the air that was used to enhance the ventilation of the sewer was approximately 149.978 m3/d. The concentration of H2S and CH4 in the sewers were zero, indicating that the inhaled air in the vertical stack of the building could effectively and persistently enhance the ventilation of sewers.
Application of integrated MBR in a centralized WTP for a chemical industrial park: A case study in China
Authors: Jinsong Zhang , Jerry Liu 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Wastewaters from chemical industries usually contain pollutants which are toxic and non-biodegradable. Treatment of chemical wastewaters is always a challenging topic in view of the stringent environmental regulations that have to be adhered to. Since 2014, the Chinese government has been continuously tightening the industrial wastewater (IWW) discharge standards, which requires improved quality of IWW effluent. This poses great challenges to the chemical industries in China, especially to many of the chemical industry clusters where the wastewaters usually contain more toxic and non-biodegradable contaminants. Membrane bioreactor (MBR) technology has been proved to be a reliable and cost-effective solution for the treatment of IWW. However, MBR alone could not effectively remove non-biodegradable organics, it needs to be integrated with advanced oxidization process and/or other physical-chemical treatment processes to improve the overall treatment efficiency. In this paper, studies on the performance of different integrated MBR processes in Industrial Wastewater Treatment Plant-A (IWTP-A) will be discussed, including Fenton + MBR, MBR + ozonation + biological aerated filter, and MBR + porous resin sorption.
Determination of trace metals in water from Mangueira Lagoon – RS, Brazil
Authors: dos Santos Filipe Sousa , Rangel Eduarda Medran , Filho Pedro José Sanches 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Determination of trace metals was carried out in Mangueira Lagoon, in the southern zone of Rio Grande do Sul. Samples were collected at five points to evaluate the concentrations of the following trace metals: copper, zinc, lead, chromium, nickel and iron. Metals were determined by digestion with concentrated nitric acid and pre-concentrated in Chelex 100 resin analyzed by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. In parallel, the physical-chemical parameters pH, chlorides, alkalinity, hardness and organic matter in the water were determined. Potassium and sodium metals were analyzed by atomic emission spectrometry. The analyzes of pH and conductance were analyzed in the field while the others were done in the laboratory of the research group of environmental contaminants (GPCA). Through the results of physical-chemical parameters of the water, the Mangueira Lagoon exhibits a low degree of contamination, but in the future may compromise the biota of the lagoon. Regarding the focus of this work, of Cu, Cr, Fe, Ni, Pb, and Zn (heavy metals), only lead and iron obtained the values above that are established in CONAMA 357/2005.