bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Longitudinal outcomes of patients enrolled in a phase Ib clinical trial of the adipose‐derived stromal cells‐stromal vascular fraction in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Ntolios Paschalis , Manoloudi Eleni , Tzouvelekis Argyris , Bouros Evangelos , Steiropoulos Pachalis , Anevlavis Stavros , Bouros Demosthenes , Froudarakis Marios E. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractBackground and objectiveCell‐based therapies have been used for the management of several diseases, holding promising results. Few studies have evaluated their use in chronic lung diseases. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) remains a lethal disease although new therapies have emerged the recent years. We have recently published a phase I study of 14 patients receiving endobronchially adipose‐derived stem cells (ADSCs). The aim of this report is to assess the outcome for our patients' population.Patients and methodsPatients who originally participated in this phase I study were followed up until the time of death. Pulmonary function tests as well as disease progression and survival time points were recorded.ResultsAfter first administration, a significant functional decline was observed as assessed by the changes (delta—Δ) of diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide (DLco) (mean ΔDLco = 6.2%, P = .04) and forced vital capacity (FVC) (mean ΔFVC = 6%, P = .029) at 18 and at 24 months, respectively. Median overall progression‐free survival was 26 months and median overall survival was 32 months. All patients were alive for at least 2 years (survival rate, 100%) after first administration. Twelve patients (85.7%) died owing to disease progression. None of the patients experienced tumor development.ConclusionsSignificant functional decline occurred at 24 months after first administration. The median survival and time to progression are in line with the published epidemiologic data. Further clinical trials complemented by mechanistic studies are sorely needed to delineate the role of ADSCs in IPF pathogenesis and treatment.
Spalthauttransplantation zur Defektdeckung am Ohr: eine statistische Analyse
Authors: Thuile Tobias , Larcher Lorenz , Gatscher Barbara , Schwaiger Karl , Deluca Jenny , Fallaha Amgiad , Tappeiner Lukas , Puviani Mario , Eisendle Klaus 
Published: February 2018

ZusammenfassungHintergrund und ZieleDie Rekonstruktion nach Entfernung ausgedehnter maligner Hauttumoren am Ohr ist eine Herausforderung. Verschiedene Methoden der Defektdeckung wurden beschrieben. Lappenplastiken, längere Anästhesiezeiten, geringe Compliance und Antikoagulation stellen bei den oft älteren Patienten zusätzliche Risiken dar. Eine rasch, effizient und unkompliziert durchführbare Methode der Defektdeckung ist daher wünschenswert. Ziel der Studie war die Beurteilung des ästhetischen Resultats, des Heilungsprozesses, der Komplikations‐ und Rezidivrate nach Transplantation ungenetzter Spalthaut (SPHT) zur Defektdeckung nach knorpelerhaltender Resektion maligner Tumoren am Ohr.Patienten und Methodik32 Patienten wurden nach Entfernung von Hauttumoren am Ohr einer Defektdeckung mittels SPHT unterzogen.ErgebnisseDie durchschnittliche Defektgröße betrug 8,0 cm2. Eine vollständige Einheilung des Transplantates erfolgte in allen Fällen innerhalb von zwei Wochen. Wesentliche Komplikationen traten nicht auf. Das ästhetische Resultat wurde sowohl von den Patienten als auch von einem Dermatochirurgen und zwei plastischen Chirurgen als gut bewertet.SchlussfolgerungenDie SPHT am Ohr ist eine zuverlässige Methode zur Deckung ausgedehnter Hautdefekte. Selbst bei großen Tumoren des äußeren Ohres ist der Ohrknorpel nicht immer infiltriert. Eine knorpelschonende Tumorresektion mit anschließender Defektdeckung mittels SPHT ist eine ausgezeichnete und rasch durchführbare Technik mit hoher Patientenzufriedenheit.
Predicting effects of large‐scale reforestation on native and exotic birds
Authors: Pejchar Liba , Gallo Travis , Hooten Mevin B. , Daily Gretchen C. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractAimEcological restoration is critical for recovering biodiversity and ecosystem services, yet designing interventions to achieve particular outcomes remains fraught with challenges. In the extensive regions where non‐native species are firmly established, it is unlikely that historical conditions can be fully reinstated. To what degree, and how rapidly, can human‐dominated areas be shifted via restoration into regimes that benefit target species, communities or processes?LocationWe explore this question in a >20‐year‐old reforestation effort underway at Hakalau Forest National Wildlife Refuge in montane Hawaii. This large‐scale planting ofAcacia koatrees is designed to secure populations of globally threatened bird species by transitioning the site rapidly from pasture to native forest.MethodsWe surveyed all forest birds in multiple corridors of young planted trees, remnant corridors of mature trees along gulches and at sites within mature forest. Using a Bayesian hierarchical approach, we identified which factors (distance from forest, habitat type and surrounding tree cover) had the most important influence on native and exotic bird abundance in the reforestation area.ResultsWe found that 90% of native and exotic bird species responded quickly, occupying corridors of native trees approximately a decade after planting. However, native and exotic forest birds responded to markedly different characteristics of the reforested area. Native bird abundance was strongly predicted by proximity to mature forest and remnant corridors; conversely, exotic bird abundance was best predicted by overall tree cover throughout the area reforested.Main conclusionsOur results demonstrate that large‐scale tree planting in corridors adjacent to mature forest can catalyse rapid recovery (both increased abundance and expanded distribution) of forest birds and that it is possible to design reforestation to benefit native species in novel ecosystems.
Thomas Hodgskin, Rational Optimist
Authors: Mingardi Alberto 
Published: February 2018

AbstractLong considered a ‘Ricardian socialist’, Thomas Hodgskin is rarely read as the perceptive observer of the Industrial Revolution that he was. His most famous pamphlet, Labour Defended Against the Claims of Capital, has been interpreted as anticipating some central tenets of Marxism. If we abandon this well‐established interpretation, however, we can better appreciate Hodgskin's acute reading of the process of industrialisation unfolding before his eyes. Unlike most socialists, Hodgskin had no sympathy for machine breakers and actually understood the importance of the entrepreneurial function. Moreover, he thought mechanisation and improvement in the tools available for workers would not dispossess them but, on the contrary, would raise their living standards. Hodgskin's ‘optimism’ shows that in the 1820s someone who was deeply concerned with the future of the working classes could nonetheless develop a reasoned sympathy for industrialisation — rather than merely oppose technological innovation and long for a mythical past.
N‐terminal B‐type natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP) is associated with disease severity in multiple myeloma
Authors: Pavo Noemi , Cho Anna , Wurm Raphael , Strunk Guido , Krauth Maria , Agis Hermine , Hülsmann Martin 
Published: February 2018

AbstractBackgroundElevated levels of cardiovascular markers including N‐terminal B‐type natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP) have been shown to be associated with disease severity and mortality in an unselected population of cancer patients without cardiac disease. The aim of this study was to investigate whether NT‐proBNP levels are related to disease severity in multiple myeloma (MM) and to assess the natural course of NT‐proBNP levels throughout disease progression.Materials and methodsWe retrospectively analysed a total of 118 patients with MM, who were followed up routinely. NT‐proBNP, beta‐2‐microglobulin (B2M) and levels of plasma cell‐derived light chains were measured at baseline and follow‐up (FUP) visits. All‐cause mortality was defined as primary study endpoint, and the correlation between NT‐proBNP and disease severity reflected by B2M and the International Staging System (ISS) was assessed.ResultsDuring a median FUP of 845 (IQR:683‐978) days, 31 patients (26%) died. NT‐proBNP showed a highly significant positive correlation with B2M at first presentation [r = .65, P < .001] and increased significantly with progressing MM disease stage [133.3 pg/mL (IQR:51.5‐282.0) for ISS stage 1, 487.4 pg/mL (IQR:123.8‐738.3) for ISS stage 2 and 969.1 pg/mL (IQR:472.8‐3748.0) for ISS stage 3, P < .001 between all groups]. During FUP, NT‐proBNP levels rose significantly alongside other MM disease severity markers for patients experiencing the primary outcome [356.6 pg/mL (IQR:142.9‐782.3) vs 862.9 pg/mL (IQR:338.8‐4215.0), P < .001], whereas no significant changes in laboratory parameters could be detected for survivors.ConclusionsElevated levels of the cardiovascular marker NT‐proBNP are associated with disease severity in patients with MM.
Towards continuous professional development: Experiencing group reflection to analyse practice
Authors: Sharmahd Nima , Peeters Jan , Bushati Mirlinda 
Published: February 2018

AbstractResearchers and international organisations recognise that the quality of ECEC services is related to a professional and competent workforce. The latter should be part of a ‘competent system’ that is capable of linking staff's initial good education to the possibility of constantly reflecting on ideas and practices. Continuous professional development initiatives (CPD) are crucial in this discourse. This article explores possibilities for CPD paths, with a focus on group‐reflection methods in which the team/group reflects on its own practice. More specifically, it presents the Wanda method which was developed by VBJK and Artevelde University College in Belgium (Fl.) through a European Social Fund (ESF) project and then adapted to the contexts of four European countries (Czech Republic, Hungary, Croatia, Slovenia) within the ISSA (International Step by Step Association) network. In 2016, VBJK was appointed by Unicef to offer a Training of the Trainers (TOT) on CPD in Albania with the possibility of re‐adapting the Wanda method to the Albanian preschool context. The article ends by presenting this Albanian experience in greater detail.
Let's talk about trust, baby! Theorizing trust and mutual recognition in the EU's area of freedom, security and justice
Authors: Schwarz Michael 
Published: February 2018

AbstractIf mutual recognition is to be the ‘cornerstone of judicial co‐operation’ in the area of freedom, security and justice, mutual trust, on the other hand, must take a lead role as the normative glue that grounds and facilitates legal practices of recognition. Despite its topicality and practical relevance, the theoretical underpinnings of trust have been largely left untouched by legal scholarship. This article seeks to fill that void by unpacking trust's conceptual premises to prepare a critique of the legal principle of mutual trust and its underlying ideology as it emerged in the jurisprudence of the CJEU. It presents an enriched conceptualization of recognition trust, inquires into the potential and risks of trust‐based judicial cooperation and sheds light on the interplay of trust, distrust and the law. In drawing policy conclusions from the theoretical discussion, it also points to a new normative dimension of trust asking whether trust could feature as a form of mutual recognition.
Transgenerational interactions between pesticide exposure and warming in a vector mosquito
Authors: Tran Tam T. , Janssens Lizanne , Dinh Khuong V. , Stoks Robby 
Published: February 2018

AbstractWhile transgenerational plasticity may buffer ectotherms to warming and pesticides separately, it remains unknown how combined exposure to warming and pesticides in the parental generation shapes the vulnerability to these stressors in the offspring. We studied the transgenerational effects of single and combined exposure to warming (4°C increase) and the pesticide chlorpyrifos on life‐history traits of the vector mosquito Culex pipiens. Parental exposure to a single stressor, either warming or the pesticide, had negative effects on the offspring: parental exposure to both warming and the pesticide resulted in an overall lower offspring survival, and a delayed offspring metamorphosis. Parental exposure to a single stressor did, however, not alter the vulnerability of the offspring to the same stressor in terms of survival. Parental pesticide exposure resulted in larger offspring when the offspring experienced the same stressor as the parents. Within both the parental and offspring generations, warming made the pesticide more toxic in terms of survival. Yet, this synergism disappeared in the offspring of parents exposed to both stressors simultaneously because in this condition, the pesticide was already more lethal at the lower temperature. Our results indicate that transgenerational effects will not increase the ability of this vector species to deal with pesticides in a warming world. Bifactorial transgenerational experiments are crucial to understand the combined impact of warming and pesticides across generations, hence to assess the efficacy of vector control in a warming world.
Effects of past and projected river discharge variability on freshwater production in an anadromous fish
Authors: Ohlberger Jan , Buehrens Thomas W. , Brenkman Samuel J. , Crain Patrick , Quinn Thomas P. , Hilborn Ray 
Published: February 2018

AbstractKnowledge about population responses to environmental variability, including extreme climatic events, is crucial for understanding their current status and likely fate under future environmental change. The frequency and intensity of extreme events is projected to increase, especially in freshwater ecosystems.Anadromous fishes depend on freshwater habitats for spawning and juvenile rearing, making them sensitive to altered hydrologic regimes. Here, we evaluate the effect of past and projected variability in river hydrology on freshwater production of naturally spawning coho salmon populations from coastal river systems in Washington,USA.Using a stage‐based life‐cycle model, we show that juvenile production during freshwater residence depends on river flow characteristics. Most importantly, juvenile production is reduced by low minimum stream flows during summer.Based on climate model projections suggesting more extreme summer droughts in the region, we then simulate changes in river flow characteristics and quantify the effects of more frequent and severe low flows during summer on juvenile production as well as the harvest that can be sustained in these populations.Our results demonstrate that changes in hydrologic regimes due to environmental change, especially extreme low flows during summer, may significantly affect juvenile production in anadromous fishes such as coho salmon and the services these populations provide to their ecosystems and humans. Understanding population responses to extreme climatic events is thus essential for improving species conservation and risk assessments.
Issues and Options in the Delineation of Well Capture Zones under Uncertainty
Authors: Frind Emil O. , Molson John W. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe delineation of wellhead protection areas (WHPAs) under uncertainty is still a challenge for heterogeneous porous media. For granular media, one option is to combine particle tracking (PT) with the Monte Carlo approach (PT‐MC) to account for geologic uncertainties. Fractured porous media, however, require certain restrictive assumptions under this approach. An alternative for all types of media is the capture probability (CP) approach, which is based on the solution of the standard advection‐dispersion equation in a backward mode, making use of the analogy between forward and backward transport processes. Within this context, we review the current controversy about the correct form of the conceptual model for transport, finding that the advection‐diffusion model, which represents the diffusive interchange between streamtubes with differing velocities, is more physically realistic than the conventional advection‐dispersion model. For mildly to moderately heterogeneous materials, stochastic theories and simulation experiments show that this process converges at the field scale to an effective advection‐dispersion process that can be simulated with conventional transport models using appropriate macrodispersivity values. For highly heterogeneous materials, stochastic theories do not yet exist but there is no reason why the process should not converge naturally as well. Macrodispersivities appear to be formation‐specific. The advection‐dispersion model can be used for capture zone delineation in heterogeneous granular media. For fractured porous systems, hybrid equivalent porous medium and discrete fracture network or CP‐based approaches may have potential. In general, capture zones delineated by PT without MC will always be too small and should not be used as a basis for land‐use decisions.
RELIGIONS, FERTILITY, AND GROWTH IN SOUTHEAST ASIA
Authors: de la Croix David , Delavallade Clara 
Published: February 2018

AbstractWe investigate the extent to which the pronatalism of religions impedes growth via the fertility/education channel. Using Southeast Asian censuses, we show empirically that being Catholic, Buddhist, or Muslim significantly raises fertility, especially for couples with intermediate to high education levels. With these estimates, we identify the parameters of a structural model. Catholicism is strongly pro‐child (increasing total spending on children), followed by Buddhism, whereas Islam is more pro‐birth (redirecting spending from quality to quantity). Pro‐child religions depress growth in its early stages by lowering savings and labor supply. In the later stages of growth, pro‐birth religions impede human capital accumulation.
Toxicity and growth inhibition potential of vetiver, cinnamon, and lavender essential oils and their blends against larvae of the sheep blowfly, Lucilia sericata
Authors: Khater Hanem F. , Ali Ali M. , Abouelella Galal A. , Marawan Marawan A. , Govindarajan Marimuthu , Murugan Kadarkarai , Abbas Rao Z. , Vaz Nelissa P. , Benelli Giovanni 
Published: February 2018

AbstractBackgroundMyiasis induced by the sheep blowfly, Lucilia sericata, represents a public health problem widely distributed throughout the world. L. sericata larval stages feed on both humans and animals. L. sericata adults and larvae can play a role in spreading agents of mycobacterial infections.ObjectivesIt is critical to establish new and safe alternative methods of controlling L. sericata.MethodsThe insecticidal effectiveness and growth inhibition potential of three commercially available essential oils (EOs), vetiver (Chrysopogon zizanioides), cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum), and lavender (Lavandula angustifolia), as well as their blends, were tested against the second (L2) and third (L3) larval stages of L. sericata. Sunflower (Helianthus annuus) oil was used as a carrier and tested on L2 and L3 larvae. To the best of our knowledge, all applied essential oils, except lavender, and oil blends were tested against L. sericata for the first time.ResultsAll applied oils did not repel L2 from the treated liver but adversely affected their development. Contact treatments on L. sericata L3 indicated that vetiver and cinnamon oils significantly affected treated larvae. Total mortality rates were 93.33 and 95.56%, respectively. Furthermore, oil blends tested through contact assays killed larvae when used at higher concentrations; adult emergence was eliminated post‐treatment with doses >30% for oil blend 1 and >10% for oil blend 2.ConclusionOverall, cinnamon and vetiver oils (5%) were selected as reliable and cheap biopesticides for controlling larvae of L. sericata. The tested oils are inexpensive and represent new promising botanical insecticides in the fight against blowflies causing myiasis.
Factors associated with intention of Israeli‐born women and immigrant women from the Former Soviet Union to take folic acid before and during pregnancy
Authors: Ben Natan Merav , Brandin Rimkus Alina , Tseytlin Eryomine Anna 
Published: February 2018

AbstractAimFolic acid supplementation before and during pregnancy decreases rates of neural tube defects. However, many women fail to adhere to folic acid supplementation recommendations. This study explored factors associated with women's intention to take folic acid before and during pregnancy, using the Theory of Planned Behaviour, with an emphasis on differences between Israeli‐born women and immigrant women from the Former Soviet Union.MethodsIn this cross‐sectional study, 100 Israeli born‐women and 100 women from the Former Soviet Union of childbearing age completed a questionnaire, based on the Theory of Planned Behaviour.ResultsThe findings indicated a significant difference in the rates at which Israeli‐born and FSU‐born women took folic acid before and during pregnancy, as well as a significant difference in their intention to take folic acid supplementation in future pregnancies. The theoretical model explained 88.7% of variance in women's intention to take folic acid, with the most influential variable being behavioural attitudes towards taking folic acid.ConclusionThe study emphasizes the need to increase knowledge and change attitudes and beliefs about folic acid supplementation among women and their significant others, as well as the importance of cultural, language, and economic barriers when treating Former Soviet Union immigrant populations.
Two Forms of Catholic Apocalyptic Theology
Authors: O'Regan Cyril 
Published: February 2018

AbstractWhile the emergence and development of apocalyptic forms of theology in Catholicism have been inhibited by particular theological styles as well as the powerful presence of the institutional church, it is the case that from the second half of the twentieth century on Catholicism has seen a number of forms of apocalyptic theology being well received. The two most influential forms have been provided by Johann Baptist Metz and Hans Urs von Balthasar. In this article I bring these two very different forms of apocalyptic into critical conversation with a view to coming to some provisional judgement regarding relative theological adequacy. The crucial issue is whether in the apocalyptic figurations of Metz and Balthasar the church is faithfully represented or undercut. I determine that Balthasar elaborates an apocalyptic form of theology in which the institutional church represents Christ and that Metz fundamentally undercuts the church. Still, the judgement of ‘Catholic’ adequacy or inadequacy is not solely based on the articulation of different views of the church largely because in neither case is the view of the church absolutely free standing. Not only is the conception of the church connected with other conceptions, for example, a view of God, Christ, community and person, but it is also influenced by how one interprets the Bible, understands tradition and engages philosophy. If apocalyptic and the church connect (Balthasar) or fail to connect (Metz), this will be in part due to very different decisions regarding these three features.