bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A New Hiatus within the Lutetian of the El Basatin Section, Gebel Mokattam, Egypt: Field and Sedimentological Observations, with Special Emphasis onNummulites
Authors: SAFIA Menoufy Al , RADWAN Abul‐Nasr , MARWA Askar 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe Eocene succession of the El Basatin Section in Gebel Mokattam, east of Cairo, consists, from base to top, of two main units; the Mokattam and Maadi Formations. The Mokattam Formation consists of two Members, the Building Stone Member and the Giushi Member. The Upper Building Stone Member yielded six species ofNummulitesbelonging to the Upper Lutetian. These species are:Nummulites farisiHussein et al., 2004;Nummulites cf.praegizehensisBoukhary and Hussein‐Kamel, 1993;Nummulitescf.gizehensis(Forskål, 1775);Nummulites discorbinus(Schlotheim 1820) andArxina schwageri(Silvestri, 1928) emended by Boukhary et al. 2012 andNummulites crassichordatusBoukhary et al., 2010. The Giushi Member yielded three species that indicate a Bartonian age. These species, which continued from their first appearance in the Upper Building Stone Members, areN. discorbinus,A. schwageriandN. crassichordatus. The Maadi Formation, which has been previously considered to be of Bartonian–Priabonian age, is devoid of fossils in the study section. The two members of the Mokattam Formation represent a carbonate platform facies. The deposition of the Upper Building Stone Member was disturbed during the Lutetian by slumping and a convolute‐bedding interval, indicating a short hiatus. The subsequent regression resulted in a very shallow marine to near‐shore facies in the above Maadi Formation.
Immune checkpoint inhibitor use in antisynthetase syndrome
Authors: Mackintosh David , Islam Mohammed F. , Ng Jennifer , Basham Jane 
Published: February 2019

AbstractWe report on the unique case of a patient with antisynthetase syndrome and metastatic non–small cell lung cancer undergoing therapy with the PD‐1 checkpoint inhibitor, nivolumab. Despite adequate autoimmune disease control over a period of 12 months, the patient rapidly experienced a flare of interstitial lung disease following initial nivolumab administration, which ultimately proved fatal. The use of immune checkpoint inhibitors in patients with autoimmune disease is becoming more commonplace, however this is the first reported case of the use of these agents in a patient with antisynthetase syndrome. Additionally, the patient's initial clinical presentation with antisynthetase syndrome and simultaneous primary lung cancer, a rare association of which there are few case reports, makes this case interesting and unusual.
Changes in microchip position after implantation of a subretinal vision prosthesis in humans
Authors: Kuehlewein Laura , Troelenberg Nicole , Stingl Krunoslav , Schleehauf Sebastian , Kusnyerik Akos , Jackson Timothy L. , MacLaren Robert E. , Chee Caroline , Roider Johann , Wilhelm Barbara , Gekeler Florian , Bartz‐Schmidt Karl Ulrich , Zrenner Eberhart , Stingl Katarina 
Published: February 2019

AbstractPurposeRetinal prosthetic devices have been developed to partially restore very low vision in legally blind patients with end‐stage hereditary retinal dystrophies. Subretinal implants, unlike epiretinal implants, are not fixated by a tack. The aim of this study was to assess and analyse possible changes over time in the subretinal position of the RETINA IMPLANT Alpha IMS and Alpha AMS (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01024803).MethodsImaging studies were performed on fundus photographs using GIMP (Version 2.8.14). Postoperative photographs of the implanted eye were scaled and aligned. Landmarks were chosen and distances between landmarks were measured to then calculate the displacement of the microchip using a transformation matrix for rotational and translational movements. Analyses were performed using MATLAB 8.6 (The MathWorks Inc., Natick, MA).ResultsOf the 27 datasets with the Alpha IMS device, 12 (44%) remained stable without displacement of the microchip relative to the optic disc and the major blood vessels, whereas in 15 (56%), displacement occurred. The mean ± SD displacement in those 15 eyes was 0.66 ± 0.35 mm (range, 0.24–1.67 mm). Of the eight datasets with the Alpha AMS device, 1 (13%) remained stable without displacement of the microchip relative to the optic disc and the major blood vessels, whereas in 7 (87%), displacement occurred. The mean ± SD displacement in those seven eyes was 0.66 ± 0.26 mm (range, 0.32–0.97 mm). Calculated from all eyes (including those in which no displacement occurred), the mean displacement was 0.36 mm in the IMS cohort, and 0.58 mm in the AMS cohort, however, the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.17).ConclusionsWe have shown that the position of the subretinal implant changes in the majority of the cases after implantation. While the overall mean displacement of the chip was not significantly different in either of the cohorts, the maximum displacement was smaller in the Alpha AMS cohort.
Role of HPV DNA, HPV mRNA and cytology in the follow‐up of women treated for cervical dysplasia
Authors: Tisi Giancarlo , Gargiulo Franco , Gozzini Elisa , Baronchelli Carla , Odicino Franco , Salinaro Federica , Sartori Enrico , Caruso Arnaldo , Facchetti Fabio , De Francesco Maria Antonia 
Published: February 2019

The aim of this study was to assess the role of cytology, human papilloma virus (HPV) DNA and human papilloma virus messenger RNA (HPV mRNA) assays in detecting cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2+ (CNi 2+) (recurrences/persistence) during the follow‐up of women after treatment of cervical intraepithelial lesion. This cross‐sectional study was performed among 43 women treated for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) between January 2014 and January 2017 at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Spedali Civili's Hospital, Brescia, Italy. Pap smear and cervical samples for HPV tests were collected during the follow‐up visit. Furthermore, colposcopy was always performed in order to find out the persistence/recurrence of the disease. A cervical biopsy was collected when necessary. Cervical samples obtained were tested for HPV DNA using the INNO‐LiPa HPV assay and for HPV mRNA using the APTIMA assay. The mean age of enrolled women was 42.5 years. Among the treated patients, more than 50% of women revealed the absence of high risk HPV DNA and HPV mRNA. We found the persistence of the disease cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 (CIN 2) only in one woman. The sensitivity of cytology, HPV DNA and HPV mRNA in detecting disease was satisfactory (100%), while the specificity was quite different for the three tests: 64.2, 52.4 and 78.9%, respectively. The HPV mRNA test has higher specificity with respect to cytology and HPV DNA, avoiding the referral to unnecessary colposcopy with an improvement of costs/benefits for healthcare system. However, given the small size sample, this study should be considered as a pilot for future larger studies.
Prevalence of low lean mass in patients with adult growth hormone deficiency with or without low‐dose growth hormone therapy
Authors: Zheng Xiaoya , Cheng Qingfeng , Long Jian , Wang Yunting , Gong Lilin , Wei Qiang , Luo Rong , Liao Kun , Ren Wei 
Published: February 2019

SummaryObjectiveThe importance of muscle mass has been emphasized in various studies, and growth hormone (GH) deficiency is tightly associated with lean mass loss. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the prevalence of low lean mass in patients with adult growth hormone deficiency (AGHD) who received or did not receive GH therapy.MethodsIn this retrospective study, we included patients diagnosed with AGHD by using the insulin tolerance test (ITT) in our hospital. Patients without completed follow‐up data were excluded, and data for 56 patients were analysed. Twenty‐six patients who had received GH therapy for more than 6 months, based on the medical record, were included in the GH group and received recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) at a dose of 0.5 IU/d. Thirty patients who had not previously received GH treatment were included in the non‐GH group. Many anthropometric and blood biochemical indicators were measured. Body composition was measured on a dual‐energy X‐ray‐absorptiometry (DXA) scanner. Low lean mass was defined as a skeletal muscle index (SMI) <7.0 kg/m2 in males or 5.7 kg/m2 in females. Statistical analyses were performed using GraphPad Prism 5.0.ResultsCompared to the non‐GH group, the patients who received GH therapy had significantly lower total cholesterol (TC), low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐c) and fasting plasma glucose (FPG). The percentage of patients with low lean mass in GH and non‐GH groups was 30.77% and 60%, respectively. The percentage of total lean was lower in the GH group than in the non‐GH group, but the difference in total lean mass was not statistically significant. Conversely, patients with GH treatment had significantly lower fat mass and percentage than non–GH‐treated patients (P < 0.05). The GH group had significantly higher serum levels of both IGF‐1 and IGFBP3. Moreover, both IGF‐1 and IGFBP3 were significantly correlated with SMI (r2 = 0.275, P = 0.003, and r2 = 0.138, P = 0.005, respectively).ConclusionsOur data showed that AGHD patients who received low‐dose GH treatment had a lower prevalence of low lean mass than those who did not receive GH treatment. Patients with GH treatment had significantly lower cardiovascular risk factors, especially the lipid profile.
Medical therapy in patients with endogenous hypoglycaemia: Is euglycaemia achievable?
Authors: Vezzosi Delphine , Guillaume Eric , Bennet Antoine , Mouly Céline , Hanaire Hélène , Caron Philippe 
Published: February 2019

SummaryContextWhile the only curative treatment for patients with endogenous hypoglycaemia related to inappropriate insulin or to insulin growth factor 2 (IGF2) secretion is surgery, medical treatment to normalize plasma glucose levels can be useful.ObjectiveThe aim of this prospective single centre study was to assess whether patients with endogenous hypoglycaemia, considered euglycaemic with medical treatments, experienced asymptomatic hypo‐ or hyperglycaemic excursions.Patients and MethodsAll patients with endogenous hypoglycaemia related to inappropriate insulin or to IGF2 secretion between 2012 and 2016 and considered normoglycaemic with medical treatment (absence of clinical hypoglycaemia and self‐monitoring blood glucose in the normal range) were enroled and underwent a six‐day continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) recording.ResultsTwenty‐seven patients (inappropriate insulin secretion n = 25 and IGF2 secretion n = 2), treated with diazoxide (n = 16), somatostatin analogues (n = 7), glucocorticoids (n = 3) or a combination of these treatments (n = 1) were enroled. Twenty‐five CGMs were analysed. CGM confirmed normoglycaemia in 11/25 patients (44%). Hypoglycaemias below 0.60 g/L were present in seven patients (28%) and were associated with hyperglycaemic excursions above 1.40 g/L in five patients. Seven patients (28%) had only hyperglycaemic excursions. Based on these results, treatment was modified in 14 patients (56%).ConclusionDespite the disappearance of hypoglycaemia‐related clinical symptoms and normalization of blood glucose self‐monitoring data, 56% of the patients with endogenous hypoglycaemia treated with medical therapy experienced asymptomatic hypo‐ and/or hyperglycaemia. Continuous glucose monitoring could be a useful approach to reveal and prevent hypo‐ or hyperglycaemic excursions.
The impact of therapy on the risk of asthma in type 2 diabetes
Authors: Rayner Louise H. , Mcgovern Andrew , Sherlock Julian , Gatenby Piers , Correa Ana , Creagh‐Brown Ben , deLusignan Simon 
Published: February 2019

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesThere are limited data about the risk of asthma in people with diabetes. We examined the incidence of asthma in subjects with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) compared to controls, and the association with metformin, sulphonylureas and insulin therapy.Materials and MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study using a representative UK primary care database (N = 894 646 adults). We used 1:1 propensity score matching (age, gender, socio‐economic deprivation, body mass index and smoking status) to match 29 217 pairs of T2DM cases and controls. We used Cox proportional hazard regression to compare the incidence of asthma in both groups over 8 years of follow‐up. In those with T2DM, we used Cox proportional hazard regression to assess for any impact of antidiabetic medications on asthma incidence.ResultsIndividuals with T2DM were less likely to develop asthma than matched controls (hazard ratio [HR] 0.85, 95% CI 0.77‐0.93). Insulin increased the risk of incident asthma (HR 1.25, 95% CI 1.01‐1.56), whilst metformin and sulphonylureas were associated with reduced risk (HR 0.80, 95% CI 0.69‐0.93 and HR 0.76, 95% CI 0.60‐0.97, respectively). There was no association with diabetes duration, complications or glycaemic control.ConclusionsT2DM may have a protective effect against asthma development. Insulin use was associated with an increased risk of asthma, while metformin and sulphonylureas reduced the risk in those with T2DM.
Screening instrument to identify skin prick test‐negative patients with asthma and/or rhinitis
Authors: Celebioglu Ebru , Demir Ahmet Ugur , Karakaya Gul , Kalyoncu Ali Fuat 
Published: February 2019

AbstractIntroductionTo the best of our knowledge, there is no prediction tool for determining respiratory allergy in patients with asthma and/or rhinitis.ObjectivesAs such, this study aimed to develop an instrument for identifying skin prick test (SPT)‐negative patients with asthma and/or rhinitis.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study screened 510 consecutive patients diagnosed with asthma and/or rhinitis between November 2009 and May 2011 in Ankara, Turkey. A structured questionnaire was the screening tool that was administered during the initial visit by the treating specialist and compared with a SPT result. All 15 variables were analysed using the logistic regression model to obtain β values (a score) for each variable. Each variable had a score, and scores were summed up to obtain final score for each patient.ResultsThe study included 363 patients, of which 165 (45.5%) were SPT positive. The final model included 13 variables. The lowest and highest scores were −21 and 26. A total score of 5.5 had sensitivity of 63% and specificity of 80%. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.78. The histogram of the total scores for the study population was bimodal.ConclusionsWe designed a highly specific 13‐item instrument for identifying SPT‐negative patients. It may be used in middle income countries where allergy testing is expensive, not reimbursed or few allergy clinics are available. We think that our idea is interesting, that needs further research.
Landscape features determine brown trout population structure and recruitment dynamics
Authors: Jones Douglas A. , Akbaripasand Abbas , Nakagawa Shinichi , Closs Gerard P. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractVariation in brown trout (Salmo truttaL.) population recruitment and structure is related to migratory patterns, which should depend on ease of access to habitats providing increased opportunity for growth. We quantified the number of young of year (YOY) as a proportion of the total number of brown trout at 24 locations on 11 streams within the Taieri catchment, New Zealand, including back calculated growth rates and emergence dates from otoliths. Locations with high absolute and relative abundance of YOY fish were related to elevation and distance from the river mainstem (habitat used by migratory fish), fish density, and the interaction between invertebrate food biomass, distance and elevation. Hatch date and growth were not related to the proportion of YOY fish, though growth was negatively correlated to total fish density. We suggest landscape features play a large role in determining recruitment and population structure. Locations at lower elevations have a high YOY density, high competition and lower growth, likely prompting out‐migration. These conditions could be created by successful return migration and spawning of large fecund fish resulting in YOY densities exceeding the habitat carrying capacity. Environmental factors, such as food availability, also played a role in determining population structure. These results provide an example of how population structure and recruitment might be controlled by local conditions and access to high growth environments in wild populations of introduced brown trout across a catchment.
Effect of cyclic hardening on fatigue performance of slide burnished components made of low‐alloy medium carbon steel
Authors: Maximov J.T. , Duncheva G.V. , Anchev A.P. , Ganev N. , Dunchev V.P. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe slide burnishing process causes cyclic loading of the surface being treated, which provokes cyclic hardening. Using a forced‐controlled indentation test, the sixth “loading‐unloading” cycle was stabilised. The effect of the number of passes and the cyclic loading coefficient (CLC) on the fatigue performance of slide burnished specimens was investigated. Rotating bending fatigue tests were conducted using nine groups of hourglass shaped specimens, which were slide burnished through a different number of passes and CLC values. A stabilised cycle of the surface layer achieved with six passes, lead to largest fatigue limit, whereas the CLC exerted negligible influence on the fatigue performance. The observed phenomenon was explained through different residual stress relaxation rates, due to the rotating bending load, as well as with the obtained surface layer microstructure. The residual stress relaxation was investigated through rotating bending fatigue tests, using cylindrical fatigue specimens, followed by X‐ray stress analysis.
Vocational experiences and career support opportunities among Canadian men with moderate and severe haemophilia
Authors: Smith Neale , Lane Shannon J. , King Jennifer , Waterhouse Linda , Bartholomew Claude , Jackson Shannon 
Published: February 2019

AimThe purpose of this research was to provide haemophilia treatment centres (HTCs) with guidance for the potential development of appropriate and timely interventions related to employment and vocational counselling and supports.MethodsA multi‐method approach was employed, where initial focus groups (n = 13) and review of the literature were used to construct a structured survey instrument (n = 75).ResultsFocus group participants made choices about employment with keen awareness of how their bleeding disorder might limit them physically; they described the role of social networks in career choices; and they wrestled with issues of disclosure. Among survey respondents, 47% per cent of respondents reported that haemophilia had a small negative impact, 27% felt that it had a moderate negative impact and 13% indicated that it had a very large negative impact. One‐third of respondents had at some point received employment‐related advice from a member of their haemophilia treatment centre team. Roughly two‐thirds of respondents suggested that vocational advice would be “somewhat” or “very” useful at present.ConclusionCanadian men with haemophilia continue to experience challenges related to employment and career development. There appears to be an opportunity for HTCs to incorporate additional supports on these topics into the range of services which they currently provide.
In vitro potential of flavonoids from tartary buckwheat on antioxidants activity and starch digestibility
Authors: Peng Lian‐Xin , Wei Li‐Juan , Yi Qian , Chen Gui‐Hua , Yao Zhen‐Dong , Yan Zhu‐Yun , Zhao Gang 
Published: February 2019

SummaryThe effects of various flavonoids of Tartary buckwheat (rutin‐enhanced flavonoid extract [REFE and quercetin‐enhanced flavonoid extract [QEFE]) and individual flavonoids (rutin, quercetin and kaempferol) on the antioxidant activity, inhibition of α‐glucosidases and α‐amylase and starch digestibility were evaluated. Quercetin possessed the highest antioxidant activity and inhibition of α‐glucosidases and α‐amylase activity followed by kaempferol and rutin. REFE and QEFE have similar antioxidant and inhibition of α‐amylase activities, but QEFE has much higher α‐glucosidases inhibition than REFE. Tartary buckwheat flour has the lowest content of rapidly digestible starch and predicted glycaemic index (pGI) compared to maize flour, wheat flour and rice flour. Addition of rutin and quercetin to wheat flour showed a weak or no effect on digestion inhibition, but they inhibited starch digestion under solid complex conditions. Our results may help explain the benefits of supplementing the diet with food rich in flavonoids.
A wide temperature insensitive piezoceramics for high‐temperature energy harvesting
Authors: Zhao Haiyan , Hou Yudong , Yu Xiaole , Fu Jing , Zheng Mupeng , Zhu Mankang 
Published: February 2019

AbstractOne of the key challenges in the development of high‐temperature energy harvesting (HTEH) technology is to clarify the relationship between temperature‐dependent material parameters and device power generation capabilities. However, at present, the research on temperature stability of piezoceramics mainly relies on thermal annealing technology, which cannot follow the actual temperature dependence of the piezoelectricity, and it is even more difficult to predict the temperature stability of HTEH. To shed light on this field, here, (1−x)BiScO3–xPbTiO3 system was chosen for building HTEH material, and the temperature‐dependent electrical parameters, such as d33, εr, and g33, have been measured by multiple in situ techniques. It was found that the synergistic effect of d33 and εr with temperature helps to obtain a stable g33 value in a wide temperature range. Moreover, in the mode of the cantilever‐type energy harvester, a stable output voltage was obtained at x = 0.64 harvester with <20% change over a broad temperature range of 100‐250°C, and it was verified that the temperature stability of g33 is crucial to the operation stability of HTEH devices.