bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Insect Pest Associated With Tomato In Local Vegetable Markets Of Sindh, Pakistan
Authors: Khoso Abdul Ghaffar , Ahmed Saeed , Asghar Farrukh , Khan Mansab , Aziz Enayat , Asghar Khalil 
Published: July 2019

Study was carried out on “Insect pests associated with tomato in local vegetable markets of Sindh, Pakistan” during November and December 2018. The insect pests’ infested-tomatoes are also sold in local vegetable markets and consume by people in Sindh, Pakistan. In present study was seen that the tomato fruit borer (caterpillar) fed symptoms, it had holed and bored, starting where the stem is attached to the fruit and these were ripped tomatoes and red colour. Insect infested tomatoes were collected; the thickness, length, the holes and inner fruit (interior) portions of the fruit damaged by the larvae were also measured and examined. A random selection of 30 vegetable vendor shops was selected in each city of Sindh. The largest pest infested tomato fruit was 30,120, the minimum was 2, 2 from the stock of 5, 5 kg, and 4, 7 green vegetable vendor shops there no pests found in tomato fruits. Overall, 243,995 insect-infested tomatoes were found in 305,515 kg, 30, 30 vegetable vender shops in Qasimabad and Shahdadkot. The maximum and minimum mean thicknesses and lengths of tomato fruits recorded from Qasimabad and Shahdadkot were 3.73, 3.31 cm, 3.06, 2.82 cm and 5.19, 4.75 cm, and 2.98, 3.7, respectively. The overall maximum and minimum thickness and tomato fruit length were 2.77, 3.83 cm and 2.47, 3.51 cm, respectively. The maximum and minimum mean ​​of tomato fruit hole and depth (internal feeding part) infested by insects were 0.73, 0.94 cm2 and 0.43, 0.61 cm2 and 1.07, 1.01 cm2 and 0.4, 0.38 cm2, respectively. While, the Overall total average hole diameter depth of the insect-infested tomato fruit was 0.51, 1.12 cm2 and the total depth was 0.75, 0.55 cm2 of the Qasimabad and Shahdadkot recorded respectively.
Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 7(2): 217-221
Fodder Production and Livestock Rearing in Relation to Climate Change and Possible Adaptation Measures in Manaslu Conservation Area, Nepal
Authors: Dhakal Bhojan , Devkota Naba Raj , Subedi Sabita , Upreti Chet Raj , Sapkota Maheswar 
Published: July 2019

A study was conducted to find out the production potential, nutrient composition, and the variability of the most commonly available fodder trees along with the varying altitude to help optimize the dry matter requirement during winter lean period. The study was carried out in Lho and Prok Village Development Committee of Manaslu Conservation Area (MCA), located in Gorkha district of Nepal.The study was conducted in two parts: social and biological. Accordingly, a households (HHs) survey was conducted to collect primary data from 70 HHs, focusing to the perception of respondents on impacts of climatic variability to the feeding management. The next part consisted of understanding yield potential and nutrient composition of the four most commonly available fodder trees (M. azedirach, M. alba, F. roxburghii, F. nemoralis), within two altitudes range: (1500-2000 masl and 2000-2500 masl) by using a RCB design in 2*4 factorial combination of treatments, each replicated four times. Fresh yield and dry matter yield of the each fodder trees was significant (P<0.01) between the altitude and within species. Fodder trees yield analysis revealed that the highest dry matter (DM) yield (28 kg/tree) was obtained for F. roxburghii but that remained statistically similar (P>0.05) to the other treatment. On the other hand, most of the parameters: ether extract (EE), acid detergent lignin (ADL), acid detergent fibre (ADF), cell wall digestibility (CWD), relative digestibility (RD), digestible nutrient (TDN), and Calcium (Ca) among the treatments were highly significant (P<0.01).
Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 7(2): 227-235
Construction of an Amperometric Pyruvate Biosensor Based on Enzyme Bound to A Nanocomposite and Its Comparison with Enzyme Nanoparticles Bound to Electrode
Authors: Malik Mansi , Chaudhary Reeti , Pundir C. S. 
Published: July 2019

An improved amperometric pyruvate biosensor was fabricated by immobilizing covalently commercial pyruvate oxidase (POx) from Aerococcus sps. onto nanocomposite of c-MWCNT (carboxylated multi- walled carbon nanotubes), copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) and polyaniline (PANI) electrodeposited onto gold (Au) electrode. The copper nanoparticles were prepared by chemical reduction method and characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), UV- visible spectroscopy and X- ray diffraction (XRD). The working electrode (POx/c-MWCNT/CuNPs/PANI/AuE was studied via scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) at different stages of its construction. The biosensor showed optimum activity at a pH of 5.0 and 35°C and a linearity for pyruvate in the concentration range, 0.1 µM to 2000 µM. The analytical recovery of added pyruvate was 99.6% and 99.2%. The within and between batch coefficients of variation (CV) were 0.052% and as 0.022% respectively. There was a commendable correlation between sera pyruvate values as measured by standard spectrophotometric method and the present method. The biosensor was applied to measure sera pyruvate level and compared with that biosensor based on pyruvate oxidase nanoparticles covalently bound to Au electrode.
Malik et al. (2019) Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 7(2): xxx-xxx
Graphic Abstract
Schematic representation of fabrication of POx/c-MWCNTs/CuNPs/PANI/AuE and electrochemical reactions involved in its response measurement (POx- Pyruvate oxidase; c-MWCNTs- Carboxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes; CuNPs- Copper nanoparticles; PANI- Polyaniline; AuE- Gold electrode).
Recent Advances in Microbial Production of Butanol as a Biofuel
Authors: Goyal Liza , Khanna Sunil 
Published: July 2019

In lieu of rising crude oil prices, exhaustion of petroleum feed stocks and environmental challenges, only renewable fuels have the potential to match the energy requirements of the future. Among the various renewable fuels, butanol has recently gained a lot of attention because of its advantages over other biofuels. Its microbial production by clostridia through ABE fermentation is being explored for improved yield and cost effectiveness. Using lignocellulosic wastes successfully for butanol production through ABE fermentation is a major breakthrough to deal with the future energy crisis. Genetic engineering of microbes to increase the carbon and redox balance, cell recycling, media optimization, mathematical modelling and tolerance improvement strategies are being attempted to overcome the hurdles of high production cost, by products formation leading to low yield and product toxicity. Along with genetic engineering major research is cantered on heterologous host engineering for improved butanol production and tolerance. This review highlights the recent advances in improving yield and tolerance to butanol in both Clostridial and heterologous hosts from genetic engineering and fermentation methodology aspects.
Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 7(2): 130-152
Potassium Fertilization in Potato
Authors: Bista Bishal , Bhandari Devashish 
Published: July 2019

Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is one of the major vegetable crops of Nepal. Potato is grown all over the globe and consumed as either vegetable or staple food depending upon the crop production scenario. It is also an integral part of human diet. Potato is a high nutrient mining crop and needs higher fertilization for economic tuber production. Despite sufficient application of Nitrogen (N) and Phosphorus (P2O5), low replenishment and widespread potassium deficiency are limiting the potato production in Nepalese condition. Growth parameters such as plant height, leaf area and chlorophyll% was positively correlated with potassium application. Potassium alleviated stresses of frost and drought and reduced incidence of diseases like late blight, black scurf and hollow heart. Potassium also decreased the reducing sugar content and improved chips color and quality. Similarly, potassium application before harvest was found to increase storage life of potato tubers. Furthermore, potassium application significantly increased the yield of potato tubers and quality parameters such as Vitamin C content and specific gravity. Source of potassium and method of potassium application also affected growth, yield and quality parameters. Soil application of potassium in splits coupled with foliar spay was found to perform better. Optimum dose of potassium was recommended for economic tuber production.
Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 7(2): 153-160
Permaculture: A Key Driver for Sustainable Agriculture in Nepal
Authors: Bhandari Devashish , Bista Bishal 
Published: July 2019

Our study primarily focused on permaculture for sustained agriculture. Permaculture can be a best alternative for modern industrial and commercial based agriculture which has given a good yield at present but, it is deteriorating soil quality and other environmental aspects. More ever it can lead to a global threat in the future due to overuse and somewhere due to unutilized resources which may give rise to the food and economic insecurity. By compiling the different literatures, we reviewed that permaculture enriches soil quality by increasing organic matter in soil thus increasing water retention capacity, infiltration, nutrient availability, microbial activities and decreasing the erosion. Thus, it increases physical, chemical and biological properties of soil. It provides food and economic safety by providing diverse crops, increasing yield and income of farm andproviding least cost inputs with increasing output. It is an efficient in terms of resource use as it utilizes renewable resources and makes connections like a web among resources. This review can be useful information for students, research topic for permaculturists for making it smoother and other environmental enthusiast.
Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 7(2): 167-173
Prevalence of Anemia Among Schedule Caste Women in Rural Area of Eastern Nepal
Authors: Sinha Amar Kumar , Gaire Chandra Prakash , Pokhrel Babu Ram 
Published: July 2019

Anemia of schedule caste women in Rural area ofeastern Nepal is a prominent problem in developing countries. On the present study is to determine the prevalence of anemia of schedule caste women of Baijnathpur, eastern Nepal.
A Cross sectional study was conducted to the schedule caste non -pregnant women of the age group 20 - >70 years during August - November 2015.A total 432 women were participant in the present study. Cyanmethamoglobin used for the determination of anaemia. The prevalence of anaemia was found to be 242(56%) out of N= 432 women. Anaemia was classified as per the world health organization (WHO), mild, moderate and severe. The highest prevalence of anaemia 66.7% was found at the age group of 50-59 years and second highest 59.3% was found at the age group of 20-29 years of the anaemic population. The mean and SD of haemoglobin were 11.49±2.05gm/dl and 10.14±1.57 gm/dl of total and anaemic population respectively
Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 7(2): 264-268
Relation of fovea palatine and vibrating line in different soft palatal forms
Authors: Chhetri Shanti , Rathi Ankita , Gupta Neha 
Published: July 2019

Background: The posterior palatal seal (PPS) area plays a major role in retention of a maxillary denture. Many dentures have failed due to faulty recording of posterior palatal seal area. Hence, locating posterior palatal seal area is a critical step in complete denture fabrication. Various techniques have been described in the literature for locating the posterior border of maxillary complete denture. One of the most commonly used methods is the one that uses anatomical landmark like fovea palatine for locating the palatal seal area. However, many studies show a wide range of variation regarding position of fovea palatine with the vibrating line.
Materials and Methods: A total of 200 subjects were selected for the study and clinical examination carried out to mark the vibrating line and fovea palatine. The location of vibrating line whether it is anterior to fovea palatine, on the fovea palatine or posterior to the fovea palatine in the different soft palate type(Class I, II or III) was recorded using the phonation method.
Results: The vibrating line was located interiorly to the fovea palatine in 70%, 54% and 60% of the subjects with Class I, II and III soft palate. The vibrating line was located on the fovea palatine in22%, 40% and 36% of the subjects with Class I, II and III soft palate and posteriorly to the fovea palatine in 23%, 5% and 3% of the subjects with Class I, II and III soft palate respectively.
Conclusion: The vibrating line was predominantly found to be anterior to the fovea palatine in all the soft palatal forms.
Clinical Profile of Patients with Heart Failure in Eastern Part of Nepal: a Hospital based study
Authors: Monib Abdul Khaliq , Dhungana Sahadeb Prasad , Nepal Rajesh , Ghimire Rinku 
Published: July 2019

Background: There is limited information on the clinical profile of patients with heart failure from the Nepalese population.
Materials and Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study on 120 consecutive patients with New York Heart Association class II or IV symptoms of heart failure admitted from June 2018 to January 2019 at Nobel Medical College Teaching hospital, Biratnagar, Nepal.
Results: Mean age was 52.2 ± 20.6 years. The male and female ratio was 0.71. Ischemic cardiomyopathy, rheumatic heart disease, dilated cardiomyopathy, acute coronary syndrome, hypertensive heart disease, and peripartum cardiomyopathy were common etiologies constituting 22.5%, 19.1%,13.3%, 9.1%, 8.3 %, 5% of cases respectively. Among co-morbid conditions, anemia (91.6%),hypertension (31.6%), coronary artery disease (29.1%), diabetes (20.8%) and chronic kidney disease (11.6%) were common. Among various drugs used, 66.6% patients were prescribed diuretics, 60% mineral corticoid receptor blockers, 33.3% angiotensin-converting enzymeinhibitors, 33.3% beta-blockers, 29.1% digoxin and 8.3% angiotensin receptor blockers. Echocardiography revealed LV systolic and diastolic dysfunction in 75% and 25% respectively, mitral regurgitation in 52.5%, right ventricular dysfunction in 10.8 % and pulmonary artery hypertension in 66.6%.
Conclusion: Appropriate use of evidence-based therapies, careful attention to the diagnosis and management of specific co-morbidities in patients with HF may help to improve outcomes.
Mensch-Roboter-Kollaboration in einem vernetzten Produktionsumfeld
Authors: Schiemann Markus , Berger Ulrich 
Published: July 2019

Kurzfassung
Die Mensch-Roboter-Kollaboration (MRK) nimmt seit mehreren Jahren einen wachsenden Anteil in den Produktionsprozessen und -planungen zahlreicher Unternehmen ein. Wirtschaftliche und sicherheitstechnische Herausforderungen führen jedoch bis heute zu einem verhaltenen Inverkehrbringen dieser Systeme. In diesem Beitrag liegt der Schwerpunkt auf der speziell für den Inbetriebnahmeprozess von MRK-Systemen entwickelten Software SmartSafety. Dadurch soll es dem Werker ermöglicht werden, ein solches System an dem dafür vorgesehenen Arbeitsplatz in Betrieb zu nehmen und die Zeitspanne bis zur Produktionsaufnahme deutlich zu verkürzen.
Gestaltung hybrider Wertschöpfung und Arbeit im Kontext von Smart Services
Authors: Koldewey Christian , Reinhold Jannik , Dumitrescu Roman , Frank Maximilian , Schweppe Thomans , Melzer Annegret 
Published: July 2019

Kurzfassung
Smart Services sind digitale Dienstleistungen, die aus den (Betriebs-)Daten eines physischen Produkts einen Mehrwert für Kunden generieren. Wir zeigen, wie Smart Services die Wertschöpfung und Arbeit produzierender Unternehmen beeinflussen und welche Fragestellungen sich bei der Transformation vom Produkt zum Smart-Service-Anbieter ergeben. Ein Referenzmodell zur sozio-technischen Planung von Smart Services gibt Orientierung über die Wirkzusammenhänge und unterstützt Unternehmen in der praxisgerechten Umsetzung.
RESPONSE OF COWPEA TO INOCULATION WITH STRAINS OF Bradyrhizobium spp. AND TO NITROGEN FERTILIZER UNDER PROTECTED CULTIVATION
Authors: Bandeira Arlete da Silva , Cairo Paulo Araquém Ramos , Vasconcelos Ramon Correia de , Cardoso Adriana Dias , Castro Filho Manoel Nelson de , Amaral Maria Caroline Aguiar , Ribeiro Sávio de Oliveira 
Published: July 2019

RESPOSTA DO FEIJÃO-CAUPI A INOCULAÇÃO COM ESTIRPES DE BRADYRHIZOBIUM E ADUBAÇÃO NITROGENADA EM CULTIVO PROTEGIDOA inoculação de sementes de feijão-caupi com bactérias fixadoras de nitrogênio atmosférico pode ser uma alternativa de manejo mais sustentável. Neste estudo, objetivou-se avaliar os efeitos da inoculação e doses de N sobre características do feijão-caupi, em cultivo protegido. Utilizou-se o delineamento experimental em blocos ao acaso, arranjados em esquema fatorial 4 x 4, com quatro fontes de N, caracterizadas por três estirpes (BR 3262, BR 3267 e BR 3299) e uma testemunha sem inoculação e sem N mineral, e quatro doses de adubação nitrogenada (0, 20, 40 e 60 kg ha-1). As características avaliadas foram: altura de plantas, massas secas da parte aérea, da raiz e de toda a planta, número de nódulos, massa seca de nódulos e eficiência relativa dos tratamentos. No tratamento inoculado com a estirpe BR 3267, a massa seca da parte aérea, raiz e de toda a planta aumentaram, com doses crescentes de N até 30 kg ha-1. Entretanto, a nodulação foi inibida, com o aumento da dose de N. A eficiência simbiótica da estirpe BR 3262 foi semelhante à da testemunha, sendo as demais inferiores, indicando que a população nativa de rizóbios, por si só, é capaz de suprir a demanda da planta.Palavras-chave: Bradyrhizobium; fixação biológica de nitrogênio; nutrição mineral; Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. ABSTRACT: Inoculating cowpea seeds with atmospheric nitrogen-fixing bacteria may be a more sustainable management alternative. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of inoculation and N fertilizer rates on characteristics of cowpea grown in greenhouse. A randomized complete block design was used. Treatments were laid out in a 4 x 4 factorial experiment consisting of four N sources: three inoculant strains (BR 3262, BR 3267 and BR 3299) and a non-inoculated control without mineral N supply; and four N fertilizer rates (0, 20, 40 and 60 kg ha-1). The following characteristics were evaluated: plant height, shoot dry weight, root dry weight, total dry weight, number of nodules, nodule dry weight, and relative efficiency of treatments. For the treatment inoculated with strain BR 3267, shoot dry weight, root dry weight and total dry weight increased with increasing N rate up to 30 kg ha-1. However, nodulation was inhibited with increasing N rate. The symbiotic efficiency of strain 3262 was similar to that of the control and lower than the remaining strains, indicating that the indigenous population of rhizobia, by itself, is able to meet the plant’s N demand.Keywords: Bradyrhizobium; biological nitrogen fixation; mineral nutrition; Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.
DINÂMICA DO VOLUME, BIOMASSA E CARBONO NA MATA ATLÂNTICA POR FERRAMENTA DE DETECÇÃO DE MUDANÇAS
Authors: Machado Ayrton , Martins Ana Paula Marques , Sanquetta Carlos Roberto , Dalla Corte Ana Paula , Wojciechowski Jaime , Machado Sebastião do Amaral , Santos Renan , Landim Isabela Alvarenga de Mattos 
Published: July 2019

A Mata Atlântica é reconhecida internacionalmente como uma das maiores e mais importantes florestas tropicais do continente sul-americano e além de sua importância para a biodiversidade, esse Bioma exerce importante função no ciclo de carbono. O objetivo deste trabalho foi desenvolver e aplicar uma rotina de detecção de mudanças dos estoques de volume, biomassa e carbono de 2000 a 2015 na Bacia do Rio Iguaçu, Estado do Paraná. Foram utilizadas imagens Landsat-7 ETM+ para o ano 2000 e Landsat-8 OLI para o ano de 2015 totalizando dez cenas para cada período. Foi desenvolvido uma rotina em Python e implementado no Software ArcGIS 10.4 para realizar a automatização de um processo de cálculo de estimativa de volume, biomassa e carbono para os remanescentes de vegetação natural. Houve acréscimo de 15,21% em volume, 14,95% em biomassa, 14,96% em carbono não considerando os estágios sucessionais nem subdivisão por fitofisionomia na bacia do Rio Iguaçu. Desta forma, concluiu-se que a região de estudo está colaborando de forma positiva para a remoção de dióxido de carbono da atmosfera.Palavras-chave: bacia do rio Iguaçu; mudanças climáticas; sequestro de carbono. DYNAMICS OF VOLUME, BIOMASS AND CARBON IN THE ATLANTIC FOREST BY A CHANGE DETECTION TOOL ABSTRACT: The Atlantic Forest is recognized internationally as one of the largest and most important tropical forests in the South American continent and besides its importance for biodiversity, this biome plays important role in the carbon cycle. The objective of this work was to develop and apply a routine of detection of changes in volume, biomass and carbon stocks from 2000 to 2015 in the Iguaçu River Basin, State of Paraná. They were used Landsat-7 ETM+ images for the year 2000 and Landsat-8 OLI images for the year 2015 totaling ten images for each period. A routine was developed in Python and implemented in ArcGIS 10.4 Software to perform the automation of a calculation process of volume, biomass and carbon estimation for the remnants of natural vegetation. There was an increase of 15.21% in volume, 14.95% in biomass, 14.96% in carbon, not considering successional stages nor subdivision by phytophysiognomy in the Iguaçu River basin. Thus concludes that the region of study is collaborating in a positive way for the removal of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.Keywords: Iguaçu river basin; climate changes; carbon sequestration.
Xác định hệ số hiệu chỉnh cắt trong dầm làm bằng vật liệu có cơ tính biến thiên
Authors: Định Trần Bình , Lợi Nguyễn Văn , Bình Chu Thanh 
Published: July 2019

Trong nghiên cứu này, một phương pháp tiếp cận để xác định hệ số hiệu chỉnh cắt cho dầm làm bằng vật liệu có cơ tính biến thiên (FGM) được trình bày. Hệ số này xuất hiện trong biểu thức của lực cắt trong dầm. Dựa trên lý thuyết biến dạng cắt bậc nhất và nguyên lý năng lượng tương đương, các biểu thức của hệ số hiệu chỉnh cắt cho ba loại dầm làm bằng vật liệu có cơ tính biến thiên (dầm loại P-FGM, S-FGM, E-FGM) được thiết lập. Ở đây, mô-đun đàn hồi của dầm FGM được giả thiết thay đổi theo các hàm phân bố của các đại lượng của tỷ lệ thể tích các vật liệu thành phần. Mục tiêu của bài báo này là trình bày một phương pháp đơn giản để xác định biểu thức của hệ số hiệu chỉnh cắt cho dầm FGM, dựa trên lý thuyết dầm biến dạng cắt bậc nhất, bài toán một chiều. Trong mục kết quả số, một số ảnh hưởng của các tham số vật liệu, tỷ số mô-đun đàn hồi, và hệ số Poisson đến hệ số hiệu chỉnh cắt cũng được khảo sát. Cuối cùng, vài kết luận về hệ số hiệu chỉnh cắt cho thấy có sai số đáng kể so với giá trị 5/6.
Từ khóa: lý thuyết biến dạng cắt bậc nhất; dầm P-FGM; dầm S-FGM; dầm E-FGM; hệ số hiệu chỉnh cắt.