bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preterm Birth is Associated With Increased Blood Pressure in Young Adult Women
Authors: Skudder‐Hill Loren , Ahlsson Fredrik , Lundgren Maria , Cutfield Wayne S. , Derraik José G. B. 
Published: June 2019

Background
While there is some evidence of elevated blood pressure later in life in preterm survivors, data on adult women are still lacking. Thus, we assessed the associations between preterm birth and blood pressure in young adult women.

Methods and Results

We studied 5232 young adult women who volunteered for military service in Sweden between 1990 and 2007. Anthropometric and clinic blood pressure data were collected during the medical examination at the time of conscription. There was a progressive decline in systolic and diastolic blood pressures, as well as in mean arterial pressure, with increasing gestational age. Women born preterm had an adjusted increase in systolic blood pressure of 3.8 mm Hg (95%
CI
, 2.5–5.1;
P
<0.0001) and mean arterial pressure of 1.9 mm Hg (95%
CI
, 0.9–2.8;
P
=0.0001) compared with young women born at term. Rates of systolic hypertension were also considerably higher in young women born preterm (14.0% versus 8.1%,
P
<0.0001), as were rates of isolated systolic hypertension. The adjusted relative risk of systolic hypertension in women born preterm was 1.72 (95%
CI
, 1.26–2.34;
P
<0.001) that of women born at term or post‐term, but there was no significant difference in the risk of diastolic hypertension (adjusted relative risk, 1.60; 95%
CI
, 0.49–5.20).

Conclusions
Young adult women born preterm display elevated systolic blood pressure and an increased risk of hypertension compared with peers born at term or post‐term.
Profiling Hospital Performance on the Basis of Readmission After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement in Ontario, Canada
Authors: Elbaz‐Greener Gabby , Qiu Feng , Webb John G. , Henning Kayley A. , Ko Dennis T. , Czarnecki Andrew , Roifman Idan , Austin Peter C. , Wijeysundera Harindra C. 
Published: June 2019

Background
Readmission rates are a widely accepted quality indicator. Our objective was to develop models for calculating case‐mixed adjusted readmission rates after transcatheter aortic valve replacement for the purpose of profiling hospitals.

Methods and Results

In this population‐based study in Ontario, Canada, we identified all transcatheter aortic valve replacement procedures between April 1, 2012, and March 31, 2016. For each hospital, we first calculated 30‐day and 1‐year risk‐standardized (predicted versus expected) readmission rates, using 2‐level hierarchical logistic regression models, including clustering of patients within hospitals. We also calculated the risk‐adjusted (observed versus expected) readmission rates, accounting for the competing risk of death using a Fine‐Gray competing risk model. We categorized hospitals into 3 groups: those performing worse than expected, those performing better than expected, or those performing as expected, on the basis of whether the 95% CI was above, below, or included the provincial average readmission rate respectively. Our cohort consisted of 2129 transcatheter aortic valve replacement procedures performed at 10 hospitals. The observed readmission rate was 15.4% at 30 days and 44.2% at 1 year, with a range of 10.9% to 21.7% and 38.8% to 55.0%, respectively, across hospitals. Incorporating the competing risk of death translated into meaningful different results between models; as such, we concluded that the risk‐adjusted readmission rate was the preferred metric. On the basis of the 30‐day risk‐adjusted readmission rate, all hospitals performed as expected, with a 95%
CI
that included the provincial average. However, we found that there was significant variation in 1‐year risk‐adjusted readmission rate.

Conclusions
There is significant interhospital variation in 1‐year adjusted readmission rates among hospitals, suggesting that this should be a focus for quality improvement efforts in transcatheter aortic valve replacement.
Composing Vocal Distortion: A Tool for Real-Time Generation of Roughness
Authors: Gentilucci Marta , Ardaillon Luc , Liuni Marco 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThis article presents the results of collaboration between a composer and researchers in the context of vocal roughness and composing for voice. Our research focused on parametric control of distortion. Specifically, we present a software device that supports the manipulation and control of vocal roughness in real time, using a method based on amplitude modulation and filtering. The compositional interest in working with classically trained opera singers and with vocal distortion led us to initiate research in the signal-processing domain. Our goal was to develop a tool that could facilitate the production of distorted sounds without direct effort on the part of the singer. In this way, the singer can perform a nondistorted or lightly distorted sound, and the software tool will generate or magnify the distortion in real time.
Morisco Prophecies at the French Court (1602-1607)
Authors: Green-Mercado Mayte 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
This article presents a case study of a rebellion conspiracy organized by a group of Moriscos—Spanish Muslims forcibly converted to Catholicism—in the early seventeenth century. In order to carry out their plans, these Moriscos sought assistance from the French king Henry iv (r. 1589-1610). Analyzing a Morisco letter remitted to Henry iv and multiple archival sources, this article argues that prophecy served as a diplomatic language through which Moriscos communicated with the most powerful Mediterranean rulers of their time. A ‘connected histories’ approach to the study of Morisco political activity underscores the ubiquity of prophecies and apocalyptic expectations in the social life and political culture of the early modern Mediterranean. As a language of diplomacy, apocalyptic discourse allowed for minor actors such as the Moriscos to engage in politics in a language that was deemed mutually intelligible, and thus capable of transcending confessional boundaries.
Could Early Modern Messianic Movements Cross Religious Boundaries?
Authors: Goldish Matt 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Could early modern messianic movements cross religious boundaries? Drawing on several examples of Jewish messianic movements from the sixteenth to eighteenth centuries, this paper argues that in certain very specific circumstances they could. The circumstances of such crossover tended to be particular to the early modern period, such as the Converso condition, the participation of Christian Hebraists, and shared messianic expectations among Jews, Christians and Muslims.
Female Labor, Merchant Capital, and Resilient Manufacturing: Rethinking Ottoman Armenian Communities through Labor and Business
Authors: Cora Yasar Tolga 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The present article is a study of the social history of textile production in the city of Yerznka (Erzincan) in East-Central Anatolia. It examines textile manufacturing as a site in which gender, class, and ethnicity interacted to form the basis of an Armenian community before the Genocide. It brings a fresh perspective to studies on the persistence of Ottoman textile production in the age of European industrial production by approaching the community as a nexus of production relations. It argues that extensive female labor and a hierarchically organized production system under the control of merchant-entrepreneurs were among the main factors in the endurance of the Ottoman production system into World War i. At the same time, the control of the production system by the merchant-entrepreneurs, who were also leaders of the local Armenian community, reproduced patriarchal communal ties.
Damascius and al-Naẓẓām on the Atomic Leap
Authors: Chase Michael 
Published: June 2019

AbstractLike Damascius’ ἅλµατα or leaps, al-Naẓẓām’s (died ca. 849 CE) doctrine of the leap (Arabic ṭafra) seems to be an attempt to respond to Zeno’s paradoxes of motion. After a survey of these paradoxes and Aristotle’s responses to them, I discuss some points of resemblance between the physical doctrines of Damascius and al-Naẓẓām. To explain them, I adopt Richard Sorabji’s suggestion of an historical influence by Damascius on al-Naẓẓām. After surveying objections to Sorabji’s thesis, I make use of new paleographical discoveries to suggest that after Justinian’s closure of the Platonic School of Athens, the last Neoplatonic philosophers may have taken the library of the School of Athens—including the ancestors of the core manuscripts of the Collection Philosophique—to the court of Ḫosrow I Anūšīrwān at Ctesiphon ca. 531 CE, where some texts that were the models of this Collection—which includes works by Damascius—may have been translated into Persian. This provides a new possible avenue by which al-Naẓẓām and other early Islamic theologians may have had access to some elements of late Greek philosophy even before the beginnings of the great translation movement sponsored by al-Maʿmūn (r. 813-833 CE).
Being Good Towards the People or the Democracy?
Authors: Giannotti Andrea 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
In this paper I investigate the formulaic language of fifth-century BCE honorific decrees and the extent to which the Athenians used specifically democratic language: were men honoured for benefiting the city or specifically the democracy? Despite the general belief that the rhetorical formula ‘being good towards the demos’ had a democratic meaning, consideration of all the readable fifth-century BCE honorific decrees demonstrates that a standard formula to indicate the addressee of the benefits did not exist; rather, it is apparent that honorific decrees enacted under the democracy used indifferently the formulae ‘being good towards the demos’, ‘being good towards the polis’ and ‘being good towards the Athenians’. Moreover, a final consideration of an oligarchic honorific decree will show that oligarchs were perhaps more careful with their language (avoiding ‘demos’ and preferring ‘polis’) than the democrats might have been.
On the Outside Looking In: Distress and Sympathy for Ethnic Victims of Violence by Out-Group Members
Authors: Gordon Nakia S. , Chesney Samantha A. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
It is well documented that individuals respond with negative emotions to racial and ethnic out-groups. Yet, it is unknown whether the responses are a measure of simple emotional reactivity or if they are also influenced by emotion regulation. Given the importance of emotions in out-group evaluation (see Intergroup Emotion Theory; Smith and Mackie, 2008), we investigated emotional reactivity and regulation in response to out-group victimization. Forty-one undergraduates completed the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire and viewed three sets of images: lynching of African-Americans, torture of Abu Ghraib prison detainees, and iaps images depicting graphic violence. Participants rated 13 emotions before and after viewing the images. A factor analysis identified four emotional response categories: Distress, Sympathy, Arousal and Avoidance. Analyses at both the individual emotion level and factor level indicated that negative emotions (e.g., anger, disgust, and guilt) were greater in response to violence against ethnic groups relative to violence depicted in the iaps images. Emotional suppression predicted blunted distress and arousal to ethnic victimization. These findings highlight that emotional responses to out-group victimization are complex and tempered by emotional suppression. Individuals’ emotion regulation may provide further insight into responses to ethnic and racial out-groups.
Facilitating Diverse Learning Contexts and Content on Children’s (School-Relevant) Cognitive Performance: Effects of Music and Movement Expression
Authors: Cunningham Rodney T. , Boykin A. Wade , Allen Brenda A. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
In this study, 64 African-American and 64 White school children were exposed to two different short stories. One story was presented in a learning context with movement and music, infusing syncopated music and high levels of kinesthetic activity (hme context); while the other story was presented devoid of such factors (lme context). Further, half of the participants were presented stories with high movement content themes, embodying character and thematic content depicting high activity and kinesthetics (hmc); while the other participants were presented with stories embodying low movement content themes, depicting low levels of activity and movement expression (lmc). Performance was measured via recall of story information/encoding-inferring. Salient findings revealed the best performance emerged for African-American children when the hmc stories were presented under the hme contexts. In contrast, facilitating effects emerged for White children when the lmc stories were presented under the lme contexts. Other results are discussed in relation to previous findings. Implications for schooling practices are addressed, as are directions for future research.
Analogical Retrieval of Folktales: A Cross-Cultural Approach
Authors: Torabian Saba , Chen Zhe , Ober Beth A. , Shenaut Gregory K. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
This cross-cultural study addressed how individuals retrieve and transfer naturally learned information (i.e., folktales) from long-term memory by analogy with a previously unencountered story, concept, or problem. American and Iranian participants read target stories constructed to be analogous to folktales either familiar or unfamiliar to their culture, all having high structural familiarity and either high or low surface similarity to the source folktales. Participants reported whether targets (analogues) reminded them of any specific folktale they had learned in the past; positive responses plus additional justification (i.e., the folktale’s name or its gist) were interpreted as successful analogical retrievals. The current experiment demonstrated a high overall rate of analogical retrieval for familiar folktales and essentially no retrieval for unfamiliar folktales. There was also reliably more retrieval for analogue stories having higher versus lower surface similarity to target folktales. The high salience of surface similarity was also revealed when participants rated retrieved folktales for similarity to the target. Personal familiarity with folktales increased the retrieval rate, but presenting the folktale’s name as a cue produced mixed effects on retrieval. In summary, individuals readily retrieved culturally familiar folktales from long-term memory when they encountered structurally similar analogues, but retrieval was modulated by surface similarity.
Is it a Small World After All? Investigating the Theoretical Structure of Working Memory Cross-Nationally
Authors: Alloway Tracy Packiam , Moulder Robert , Horton John C. , Leedy Aaron , Archibald Lisa M. D. , Burin Debora , Injoque-Ricle Irene , Passolunghi Maria Chiara , Dos Santos Flávia Heloísa 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
To our knowledge, this is one of the first studies to test different theoretical models of working memory in childhood based on a computerized assessment. We tested this across several countries: Argentina, Brazil, Canada, Italy, and uk. The present study addressed the wider macro-cultural context and how this impacts working memory. We used two economic indices (gdp and ppp) to characterize the participating countries and ranked the countries based on the Global Index of Cognitive Skills and Educational Attainment. Children between 5 and 10 years completed the same set of short-term and working memory tests. There were two main findings. First, there was a similar pattern in verbal working memory across countries, which suggests that this skill may be relatively consistent across different cultural groups. In contrast, the pattern for visuo-spatial working memory was different across countries, which may explained by cultural differences and educational rankings of the countries. The second main finding was that both a domain-general model (3-factor) and a domain-specific model (4-factor) provided a reasonably good fit with the data, there was the high relationship between the verbal and visuo-spatial working memory constructs across the countries in the latter model. Thus, it may be a more parsimonious choice to rely on a three-factor model. The data also suggest culture-similar patterns in a computerized assessment of working memory.
Brungarians Use it Differently! Children’s Understanding of Artifact Function as a Cultural Convention
Authors: Weatherhead Drew , Nancekivell Shaylene 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Children not only recognize the function of an artifact, but they actively protest when others use it in an atypical way. In two experiments, we asked whether children view artifact function as universal or as culturally dependent. In both experiments children watched videos of two actors who used common artifacts atypically (e.g. a woman using a fork to comb her hair). In Experiment 1A, 6-to-7-year-old children were told that the actors were either from Canada or a far away country. Children were marginally more likely to protest a Canadian using the artifact in a novel way than when the individual was from a far away country. In Experiment 1B, the familiar or unfamiliar culture was explicitly highlighted (e.g., “in Canada it snows in winter” vs. “in Brungaria it rains in winter”). Four-to-five-year-olds were also included as a comparison group. Six-to-seven-year-olds protested the atypical use when the actor was Canadian more than when the actor was Brungarian, whereas 4-to-5-year-olds protested at non-significant rates. Additionally, when asked what appropriate function of the artifact was, 6-to-7-year olds were more likely to endorse the atypical function when it was performed by a Brungarian than a Canadian, while 4-to-5-year-olds never endorsed the atypical function, regardless of condition. These findings demonstrate that while younger children view artifact function as universal, children over the age of 6 recognize that the accepted function of an artifact may vary by culture.
Gateways to Culture: Play, Games, Metaphors, and Institutions
Authors: Kretchmar Robert Scott 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
In this essay I develop a case for games as a primitive form of culture and an early arrival at our ancestors’ cultural gates. I analyze the modest intellectual prerequisites for game behavior including the use of metaphor, a reliance on constitutive rules, and an ability to understand the logic of entailment. In arguing for its early arrival during the late Middle and Upper Paleolithic, I develop a case for its powerful adaptive qualities in terms of both natural and sexual selection. I accept ecological dominance coupled with an increasing sense of self as primary sources of selection pressure. I show how these two factors threatened homeostatic balances ranging from low arousal and atrophy to malaise, depression, and anomie. I suggest that an antidote or adaptation was found in culturally-enhanced forms of play — that is, formal, rule-governed games. The upshot of this analysis is a broadened discussion of cultural adaptation from one that often focuses on cooperation, social complexity, and language to other fundamental issues related to survival — namely, increased leisure time, enhanced arousal needs, and the health and physical skills required for a hunter-forager existence.
The Rhythms of Discontent: Synchrony Impedes Performance and Group Functioning in an Interdependent Coordination Task
Authors: Wood Connor , Caldwell-Harris Catherine , Stopa Anna 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Synchrony — intentional, rhythmic motor entrainment in groups — is an important topic in social psychology and the cognitive science of religion. Synchrony has been found to increase trust and prosociality, to index interpersonal attention, and to induce perceptions of similarity and group cohesion. Causal explanations suggest that synchrony induces neurocognitive self-other blurring, leading participants to process one another as identical. In light of such findings, researchers have highlighted synchrony as an important evolved tool for establishing and maintaining collective identity in human groups, particularly within ritual and religious contexts. However, many aspects of group life require coordination rather than mere prosocial cooperation. In coordinative contexts, interpersonal relations and motor sequences are often complementary rather than identical, and leadership hierarchies streamline group decisions. It is thus unclear whether synchrony would benefit or hamper group outcomes in contexts requiring complex interdependent coordination and hierarchy. In a two-condition experimental paradigm, we tested the effects of synchrony on the outcomes of a three-person, complex verbal coordination task. Groups in the synchrony condition performed more poorly on the coordination exercise and reported higher levels of conflict as well as lower levels of group cohesion and similarity. We interpret these results as indicating boundary conditions on the prosocial effects of synchrony: in settings that require complex, interdependent social coordination, the self-other blurring induced by synchrony is situationally inappropriate. These findings dovetail with the anthropological observation that real-world ritual is often focused on establishing and reinforcing social distinctions rather than social unison.
Modeling Cultural Transmission of Rituals in Silico: The Advantages and Pitfalls of Agent-Based vs. System Dynamics Models
Authors: Kaše Vojtěch , Hampejs Tomáš , Pospíšil Zdeněk 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThis article introduces an agent-based and a system-dynamics model investigating the cultural transmission of frequent collective rituals. It focuses on social function and cognitive attraction as independently affecting transmission. The models focus on the historical context of early Christian meals, where various theoretically inspiring trends in cultural transmission of rituals can be observed. The primary purpose of the article is to contribute to theorizing about cultural transmission of rituals by suggesting a clear operationalization of their social function and cognitive attraction. Furthermore, the article challenges recent trends in the field by providing a theoretically feasible model for how, under certain conditions, cognitive attraction can influence the transmission to a relatively greater extent than social function. In the system dynamics model we reproduce the results of our agent-based model while putting some of our basic operational assumptions under scrutiny. We consider approaching social function and cognitive attraction in isolation as a preliminary but necessary step in the process of creating more complex models of the cultural selection of rituals, where the two aspects will be combined to produce ritual forms with greater correspondence to real-world religious rituals.
Multiple Axialities: A Computational Model of the Axial Age
Authors: Shults F. LeRon , Wildman Wesley J. , Lane Justin E. , Lynch Christopher J. , Diallo Saikou 
Published: June 2019

AbstractDebates over the causes and consequences of the “Axial Age” – and its relevance for understanding and explaining “modernity” – continue to rage within and across a wide variety of academic disciplines, including anthropology, sociology, archaeology, history, social theory, and cognitive science. We present a computational model that synthesizes three leading theories about the emergence of axial civilizations. Although these theories are often treated as competitors (especially by their proponents), our computational model shows how their most important conceptual insights and empirically based causal claims can be integrated within a single computational architecture. The plausibility of the latter is supported by the results of our simulation experiments, which were able to simulate the emergence and growth of an axial civilization. The model shows how the relevant theories can be rendered consistent, while challenging the claims of any one to comprehensiveness.