bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Studies of the effect of halide ions on the fluorescence of quinine sulfate
Authors: Guo Yongming , Cao Fengpu , Qiu Pengxiang , Wang Zhuo 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe effect of halide ions (Cl−, Br− and I−) on the fluorescence of quinine sulfate in dilute sulfuric acid solution was studied by fluorescence spectra, ultraviolet‐visible (UV‐visible) absorption spectra and fluorescence decay technique. The results exhibited that halide ions with heavier atomic mass could significantly reduce the fluorescence intensity of quinine sulfate, as a result, the order of fluorescence quenching caused by halide ions is Cl− < Br− < I−. Therefore, halide ions with high concentration could seriously quench the fluorescence of quinine sulfate. The UV‐visible absorption spectra and fluorescence decay technique revealed that the fluorescence quenching of quinine sulfate caused by halide ions was attributed to dynamic quenching, static quenching process, self‐quenching fluorescence effect and electronic transfer.
Von Vogelkot zu grünen Teppichen
Authors: Sommer Veronika , Kockx Matthias , Wölk Alexandra , Glaser Karin 
Published: April 2019

ZusammenfassungIdee dieser Studie ist es, die durch die Kali‐Industrie entstandenen Rückstandshalden mit biologischen Bodenkrusten in Verbindung mit einem Additiv‐Gemisch der Firma upi zu begrünen. Diese Lebensgemeinschaft aus unterschiedlichen Organismen wie Mikroalgen, Flechten und Moosen, ist in der Lage den Salzaustrag der Halden in die Umwelt zusätzlich zu verringern. Eine ausgebildete Kruste stabilisiert den Untergrund, fängt Regenwasser ab, und die enthaltenden Organismen bringen Nährstoffe ein, so dass nach und nach ein neuer Lebensraum entsteht, der von höheren Pflanzen besiedelt werden kann. In dieser Studie wurden Mikroalgen aus biologischen Bodenkrusten von Kali‐Rückstandshalden isoliert, deren Salztoleranz bestimmt und eine erste Bildung von künstlichen Biokrusten auf Haldenmaterialien erfolgreich initiiert. In nachfolgenden Experimenten kann nun darauf aufgebaut und Biokrusten im Freiland auf ausgewählten Haldenabschnitten gebildet werden.
Two New Prenylated Indole Diterpenoids from Tolypocladium sp. and Their Antimicrobial Activities
Authors: Xu Lu–Lin , Pang Xue‐Jiao , Shi Qiong , Xian Peng‐Jie , Tao Yan‐Duo , Yang Xiao‐Long 
Published: April 2019

AbstractTwo new prenylated indole diterpenoids, tolypocladins K and L (1 and 2), together with a known analog terpendole L (3), were isolated from the solid fermentation culture of a mine soil‐derived fungus Tolypocladium sp. XL115. Their structures and relative configurations were determined by comprehensive spectroscopic data analysis, as well as by comparison of their NMR data with those related known compounds. Compound 3 exhibited remarkable antibacterial activity against Micrococcus luteus with an MIC value of 6.25 μg/mL, and compounds 1 and 3 displayed moderate antifungal activity selectively against tested strains with MIC values of 25–50 μg/mL.
ADAMTS5 deficiency in mice does not affect cardiac function
Authors: Hemmeryckx Bianca , Carai Paolo , Roger Lijnen H. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe aggrecanase ADAMTS5 (A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase with ThromboSpondin type 1 motifs, member 5) and the cleavage of its substrate versican have been implicated in the development of heart valves. Furthermore, ADAMTS5 deficiency was shown to protect against diet‐induced obesity, a known risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the potential role of ADAMTS5 in cardiac function using ADAMTS5‐deficient (Adamts5−/−) mice and their wild‐type (Adamts5+/+) counterparts exposed to a standard‐fat or a high‐fat diet (HFD). Eight‐weeks‐old Adamts5−/− and Adamts5+/+ mice were exposed to each diet for 15 weeks. Cardiac function and electrophysiology were analyzed by transthoracic echocardiogram and electrocardiogram at the end of the study. Cleavage of versican, as detected by the appearance of the DPEEAE neo‐epitope on western blotting with protein extracts, was defective in the heart of HFD‐treated Adamts5−/− as compared with Adamts5+/+ mice. ADAMTS5 deficiency led to statistically significant increases in diastolic posterior wall thickness (0.94 ± 0.023 vs. 0.82 ± 0.036 mm; P = 0.0056) and left ventricle volume (47 ± 4.5 vs. 31 ± 2.5 μL; P = 0.0043) in comparison to Adamts5+/+ mice, but only in animals on a HFD. Cardiac function parameters such as ejection fraction, fractional shortening, and stroke volume were unaffected by ADAMTS5 deficiency or diet. Electrocardiogram analysis revealed no ADAMTS5‐specific changes in either diet group. Thus, in the absence of ADAMTS5, cleavage of versican in the cardiac extracellular matrix is impaired, but cardiac function, even upon exposure to a HFD, is not markedly affected.
Effect of blue light‐emitting diode light and antioxidant potential in a somatic cell
Authors: Bapary Mohammad A. J. , Takano Jun‐ichiro , Soma Shogo , Sankai Tadashi 
Published: April 2019

AbstractLight is an indispensable part of routine laboratory work in which conventional light is generally used. Light‐emitting diodes (LEDs) have come to replace conventional light, and thus could be a potent target in biomedical studies. Since blue light is a major component of visible light wavelength, in this study, using a somatic cell from the African green monkey kidney, we assessed the possible consequences of the blue spectra of LED light in future animal experiments and proposed a potent mitigation against light‐induced damage. COS‐7 cells were exposed to blue LED light (450 nm) and the growth and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage were assessed at different exposure times. A higher suppression in cell growth and viability was observed under a longer period of blue LED light exposure. The number of apoptotic cells increased as the light exposure time was prolonged. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation was also elevated in accordance to the extension of light exposure time. A comparison with dark‐maintained cells revealed that the upregulation of ROS by blue LED light plays a significant role in causing cellular dysfunction in DNA in a time‐dependent manner. In turn, antioxidant treatment has been shown to improve cell growth and viability under blue LED light conditions. This indicates that antioxidants have potential against blue LED light‐induced somatic cell damage. It is expected that this study will contribute to the understanding of the basic mechanism of somatic cell death under visible light and maximize the beneficial use of LED light in future animal experiments.
The caveolin‐3 P104L mutation in LGMD‐1C patients inhibits non‐insulin‐stimulated glucose metabolism and growth but promotes myocyte proliferation
Authors: Shang Lina , Chen Tingting , Xian Jing , Deng Yufeng , Huang Yiyuan , Zhao Qiwei , Liang Guining , Liang Zhifeng , Lian Fang , Wei Hongqiao , Huang Qin 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe caveolin‐3 (CAV3) protein is known to be specifically expressed in various myocytes, and skeletal muscle consumes most of the blood glucose as an energy source to maintain normal cell metabolism and function. The P104L mutation in the coding sequence of the human CAV3 gene leads to autosomal dominant disease limb‐girdle muscular dystrophy type 1C (LGMD‐1C). We previously reported that C2C12 cells transiently transfected with the P104L CAV3 mutant exhibited decreased glucose uptake and glycogen synthesis after insulin stimulation. The present study aimed to examine whether the P104L mutation affects C2C12 cell glucose metabolism, growth, and proliferation without insulin stimulation. C2C12 cells stably transfected with CAV3‐P104L were established, and biochemical assays, western blot analysis and confocal microscopy were used to observe glucose metabolism as well as cell growth and proliferation and to determine the effect of the P104L mutation on the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Without insulin stimulation, C2C12 cells stably transfected with the P104L CAV3 mutant exhibited decreased glucose uptake and glycogen synthesis, decreased CAV3 expression and reduced localization of CAV3 and GLUT4 on the cell membrane. The P104L mutant significantly reduced the cell diameters, but accelerated cell proliferation. Akt phosphorylation was inhibited, and protein expression of GLUT4, p‐GSK3β, and p‐p70s6K, which are molecules downstream of Akt, was significantly decreased. The CAV3‐P104L mutation inhibits glycometabolism and cell growth but accelerates C2C12 cell proliferation by reducing CAV3 protein expression and cell membrane localization, which may contribute to the pathogenesis of LGMD‐1C.
In‐hospital gastrointestinal bleeding following percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Kwok Chun Shing , Sirker Alex , Farmer Adam D. , Kontopantelis Evangelos , Potts Jessica , Ayyaz Ul Haq Muhammad , Ludman Peter , de Belder Mark , Townend John , Zaman Azfar , Large Adrian , Kinnaird Tim , Mamas Mamas A ,   on behalf of the British Cardiovascular Intervention Society (BCIS) and National Institute of Cardiovascular Outcomes Research (NICOR)
Published: April 2019

AbstractObjectivesThis study aims to examine in‐hospital gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding, its predictors and clinical outcomes, including long‐term outcomes, in a national cohort of patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in England and Wales.BackgroundGI bleeding remains associated with significant morbidity, mortality, and socioeconomic burden.MethodsWe examined the temporal changes in in‐hospital GI bleeding in a national cohort of patients undergoing PCI between 2007 and 2014 in England and Wales, its predictors and prognostic consequences. Multivariate analysis was performed to identify independent risk factors between GI bleeding and 30‐day mortality. Survival analysis was performed comparing patients with, and without, GI bleeding.ResultsThere were 480 in‐hospital GI bleeds in 549,298 patients (0.09%). Overall, rates of GI bleeding remained stable over time but a significant decline was observed for patients with ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). The strongest predictors of bleeding events were STEMI—odds ratio (OR) 7.28 (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 4.82–11.00), glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitor use OR 3.42 (95% CI 2.76–4.24) and use of circulatory support OR 2.65 (95% CI 1.90–3.71). Antiplatelets/coagulants (clopidogrel, prasugrel, and warfarin) were not independently associated with GI bleeding. GI bleeding was independently associated with a significant increase in all‐cause 30‐day mortality (OR 2.08 [1.52–2.83]). Patients with in‐hospital GI bleed who survived to 30‐days had increased all‐cause mortality risk at 1 year compared to non‐bleeders (HR 1.49 [1.07–2.09]).ConclusionsIn‐hospital GI bleeding following PCI is rare but is a clinically important event associated with increased 30‐day and long‐term mortality.
Inadvertent treatment of hypoadrenalism with prednisolone in pemphigus: A case report
Authors: Choudhury Sirazum , Machenahalli Pratibha , Tan Tricia , Meeran Karim 
Published: April 2019

Key Clinical MessagePituitary and adrenal insufficiency must not be overlooked when weaning patients down from high‐dose steroids. Prednisolone can be used as glucocorticoid replacement therapy, with most patients needing 3‐4 mg once daily.
A 9‐month‐old with wheezing and acute hypoxic respiratory failure
Authors: Wong Matthew , Bhatia Rajeev 
Published: April 2019

Key Clinical MessageForeign body aspiration remains a diagnostic challenge, especially in an infant. While acute onset wheezing is highly suggestive of an aspiration, wheezing carries a broad differential diagnosis resulting in frequent misdiagnoses. Many cases present with a range of nonspecific findings and normal imaging, stressing the importance of a high index of suspicion.
Two cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus in elderly patients successfully treated with monthly exenatide long‐acting release
Authors: Takenaka Kenchi , Nishitani Rie 
Published: April 2019

Key Clinical MessageTwo elderly patients with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus had difficulty self‐managing their medications. Exenatide long‐acting release (LAR), with an extended administration interval of 1 month, maintained hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) level in the 7% range. Monthly administration of exenatide‐LAR may be considered for use in carefully selected elderly individuals.
Ce‐Pr Mixed Oxide Catalysts with a Fibrous Morphology for Low‐temperature PM Oxidation
Authors: Jeong Eun J. , Lee Jae H. , Lee Seong H. , Park Chung S. , Choung Jin W. , Kim Chang H. , Lee Kwan‐Young 
Published: April 2019

AbstractCeria (CeO2) is an effective precious‐metal‐free catalyst that combusts PM (particulate matter), due to its ability to switch between Ce4+ and Ce3+. In this work, to improve the activity of a ceria‐based catalyst, cerium‐praseodymium mixed oxide catalysts with various Ce−Pr ratios were synthesized with nanofiber morphologies, characterized, and compared with ceria catalysts. Two factors were considered: morphology and Ce−Pr ratio, which result in synergistic effects. In the ceria catalyst, we confirmed that a fibrous morphology is more advantageous for PM oxidation compared to nanocubes and nanorods with cubes, even though these samples have larger surface areas. In addition, the incorporation of Pr into the ceria nanofiber catalyst enhanced its intrinsic properties by promoting the reducibility and formation of oxygen vacancies. The analysis showed improved oxygen storage and supply capacity, especially for oxygen that is chemically adsorbed on the catalytic surface. PM oxidation tests demonstrated the Ce0.5Pr0.5O2‐NF catalyst showed the best activity in air, which was consistent with the characterization results. Thus, the Ce0.5Pr0.5O2‐NF sample was shown to be an effective and promising catalyst for PM oxidation.
Impact of the Oxygen Vacancies on Copper Electronic State and Activity of Cu‐Based Catalysts in the Hydrogenation of Methyl Acetate to Ethanol
Authors: Xi Yushan , Wang Yue , Yao Dawei , Li Antai , Zhang Jingyu , Zhao Yujun , Lv Jing , Ma Xinbin 
Published: April 2019

AbstractReducible oxides supported copper‐based catalysts have been widely used in ester hydrogenations due to their excellent catalytic performance. However, the role of surface oxygen vacancies is still unclear. Here, we fabricated four copper‐based catalysts using different shaped CeO2 nanocrystals as supports for the hydrogenation of methyl acetate (MA) to ethanol. The catalytic activities significantly changed depending on the morphology of supports in the order of rod>cube>spindle>octahedron, which was in line with the trend of the formation energy of oxygen vacancies on the corresponding exposed lattice planes. Combined with the results of chemisorption and in situ FTIR experiments, it is demonstrated that the oxygen vacancies are not the primary active sites for MA hydrogenation, whereas they could significantly affect the electronic state of copper species. Under reduced conditions, the mobile oxygens could be released from the lattice and form lots of oxygen vacancies, which could strongly interact with copper particles and benefit for the generation and stabilization of Cu+ species. Thus, increasing the oxygen mobility of supports could effectively increase the amount of surface Cu+ species and enhance the catalytic activity for MA hydrogenation.
Modified ridge‐type estimator to combat multicollinearity: Application to chemical data
Authors: Lukman Adewale F. , Ayinde Kayode , Binuomote Samuel , Clement Onate A. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe Linear regression model is one of the most widely used models in different fields of study. The most popularly used estimation technique is the ordinary least squares estimator. The technique becomes unstable and gives misleading result in the presence of multicollinearity. The ridge regression estimator has been widely accepted as an alternative method to combat the problem of multicollinearity. In this study, a modified ridge‐type estimator is suggested by modifying the ridge regression estimator. A Monte Carlo simulation study and real‐life application were conducted to compare the performance of this estimator and some other existing estimators. The results of both simulation study and real‐life application show that the proposed estimator outperforms other competing estimator.
Influence of postsintered wastes incorporation on physico‐mechanical and structural evolution of vitreous ceramics
Authors: Owoeye Seun Samuel , Ajayi Babafemi Ayodele , Isinkaye Olanireti Esther , Kenneth‐Emehige Amara 
Published: April 2019

AbstractDue to high consumption of conventional materials such as quartz and feldspar in most ceramic products processing, the recent practice has been targeted at exploration and utilization of some industrial wastes with similar characteristics to solely or partially replace these conventional materials to reduce cost of production, and serves as a means of solid wastes management. In this regard, this work aims at incorporating postsintered wastes as partial and sole alternatives to quartz and feldspar in the production of vitreous sanitary ceramics. Vitreous sanitary ware bodies containing discarded sanitary wares and waste soda‐lime glasses as substitute to quartz and feldspar respectively were prepared using slip casting process. Several samples measuring 120 × 50 × 10 mm were cast, left to dry at ambient temperature for 24 hours followed by oven‐drying at 105°C for another 12 hours. The cast samples were then subjected to sintering at temperatures of 1150 and 1200°C, respectively, and then soaked for 90 minutes. Physico‐mechanical, phase, and structural evaluations were carried out to assess the performance of the vitreous sanitary bodies. The results showed that samples containing postsintered wastes displayed better physical, mechanical, and structural properties, while the chemical compositions of the prepared samples showed close similarity to standard Twyford sanitary ware. However, better properties were observed for samples sintered at 1200°C which might be attributed to high vitrification at elevated temperature.
Anti‐Markovnikov Radical Hydro‐ and Deuteroamidation of Unactivated Alkenes
Authors: Jiang Heng , Studer Armido 
Published: April 2019

AbstractRadical anti‐Markovnikov hydro‐ and deuteroamidation of unactivated alkenes was achieved by merging photoredox and thiol catalysis. Reactions proceed by addition of the electrophilic CbzHN‐radical (Cbz=carbobenzyloxy), readily generated by single‐electron‐transfer (SET) oxidation of an α‐Cbz‐amino‐oxy acid to an alkene. The adduct radical is reduced by thiophenol added as an organic polarity reversal cocatalyst, which mediates the H transfer from H2O to the alkyl radical intermediate. Accordingly, deuteroamidation of alkenes was realized with excellent D incorporation by using D2O as the stoichiometric formal radical‐reducing reagent. The reaction features low redox catalyst loading, excellent anti‐Markovnikov selectivity, and the use of a large alkene excess is not required. Diverse Cbz‐protected primary amines, including β‐deuterated amines, can be obtained by applying this method.
Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors as Multitarget Ligands: New Players in Alzheimer's Disease Drug Discovery?
Authors: De Simone Angela , Milelli Andrea 
Published: April 2019

AbstractHistone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACIs) are responsible for controlling gene expression by modulating the acetylation status of histone proteins. Furthermore, they modulate the activity of cytoplasmic non‐histone proteins. Due to the involvement of HDACs in neurodevelopment, memory formation, and cognitive processes, HDACIs have been suggested as innovative agents for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). Given their mechanisms of action and the complex nature of AD, HDACIs have been proposed for the design of novel multitarget ligands (MTLs). To this aim, the fragment responsible for HDAC inhibition has been coupled with other structures that are able to provide additional biological actions, such as antioxidant activity or the inhibition of phosphodiesterase 5, transglutaminase 2, and glycogen synthase kinase 3β. Herein we discuss recent efforts to design HDACI‐based MTLs as potential disease‐modifying entities.
Real‐time partitioned scheduling: Exploiting the inter‐resource affinity for task allocation on multiprocessors
Authors: Akram Naveed , Li Jianxin , Bai Yan , Zhang Yangyang 
Published: April 2019

SummaryReal‐time edge computing is forging its place in cloud computing rapidly, and requirements for high‐performance edge devices are becoming increasingly complex. Multiprocessor edge devices are an attractive choice to meet these higher performance requirements. However, multiprocessor devices encounter inherent challenges when handling on‐chip shared resources. The concurrent access to these resources by the tasks requesting more than one shared resource and running on multiple processors may face huge blocking times, which can lead to missed hard real‐time deadlines and cause a catastrophic system failure. To reduce the task blocking time, we propose a task allocation algorithm that takes advantage of inter‐resource affinity and allocates all the tasks accessing multiple shared resources having inter‐resource affinity on the same processor of the multiprocessor. The proposed algorithm reduces global resources and remote blocking, which subsequently increase schedulability of task sets and reduce the processor utilization. In our experiments, we compare the proposed task allocation algorithm SRTA with existing well‐known task allocation strategies SPA, ROP, and blocking‐agnostic FFD. The experimental results reveal that the SRTA, on the average, can allocate 1.80, 2.34, and 3.14 times more task sets as compared to ROP, SPA, and FFD, respectively and reduces the number of globally shared resources significantly.
Pt−Co Alloy Nanoparticles on a γ‐Al2O3 Support: The Synergistic Effect between Isolated Electron‐Rich Pt and Co for Automotive Exhaust Purification
Authors: Sato Katsutoshi , Ito Ayano , Tomonaga Hiroyuki , Kanematsu Homare , Wada Yuichiro , Asakura Hiroyuki , Hosokawa Saburo , Tanaka Tsunehiro , Toriyama Takaaki , Yamamoto Tomokazu , Matsumura Syo , Nagaoka Katsutoshi 
Published: April 2019

AbstractInvited for this month's cover is the group of Dr. Katsutoshi Sato and Prof. Dr. Katsutoshi Nagaoka (Kyoto University) and collaborators at Oita and Kyushu Universities. The cover picture shows the proposed mechanism for automotive exhaust purification over a Pt–Co alloy nanoparticle catalyst with an extremely low Pt/Co molar ratio. In the catalyst, the isolated electron‐rich Pt atoms are present on the surface of the nanoparticles and play an important role in NOx capture and activation, which are important elementary steps in exhaust purification. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/cplu.201800542.