bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ambient heat and hospitalisation for COPD in Brazil: a nationwide case-crossover study
Authors: Zhao Qi , Li Shanshan , Coelho Micheline de Sousa Zanotti Staglior , Saldiva Paulo Hilário Nascimento , Xu Rongbin , Huxley Rachel R , Abramson Michael J , Guo Yuming 
Published: September 2019

BackgroundHeat exposure has been related to increased morbidity and mortality for several health outcomes. There is little evidence whether this is also true for COPD. This study quantified the relationship between ambient heat and hospitalisation for COPD in the Brazilian population.MethodsData on hospitalisations for COPD and weather conditions were collected from 1642 cities during the 2000–2015 hot seasons. A time-stratified, case-crossover design was used for city-specific analyses, which were then pooled at the regional and national levels using random-effect meta-analyses. Stratified analyses were performed by sex, age group and early/late hot season. Annual change in the association was examined using a random-effect meta-regression model.ResultsThe OR of hospitalisation was 1.05 (95% CI 1.04 to 1.06) for every 5℃ increase in daily mean temperature at the national level, with the effect estimate stronger in the late hot season compared with the early hot season. The effect was similar in women and in men but was greatest for those aged ≥75 years. The association was stronger in the central west and southeast regions and minimal in the northeast. Assuming a causal relationship, 7.2% of admissions were attributable to heat exposure. There was no significant temporal decline in the impact of ambient heat over the 16-year study period.ConclusionIn Brazil, exposure to ambient heat was positively associated with hospitalisation for COPD, particularly during the late hot season. These data add to the growing evidence base implicating global warming as being an important contributor to the future healthcare burden.
Spurious finite-size instabilities with Gogny-type interactions
Authors: Martini M. , De Pace A. , Bennaceur K. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract.
Recently, a new parameterization of the Gogny interaction suitable for astrophysical applications, named D1M*, has been presented. We investigate the possible existence of spurious finite-size instabilities of this new Gogny force by repeating a study that we have already performed for the most commonly used parameterizations (D1, D1S, D1N, D1M) of the Gogny force. This study is based on a fully antisymmetrized random phase approximation (RPA) calculation of the nuclear matter response functions employing the continued fraction technique. It turns out that this new Gogny interaction is affected by spurious finite-size instabilities in the scalar isovector channel; hence, unphysical results are expected in the calculation of properties of nuclei, like neutron and proton densities, if this D1M* force is used. The conclusions from this study are then, for the first time, tested against mean-field calculations in a coordinate representation for several nuclei. Unphysical results for several nuclei are also obtained with the D1N parameterization of the Gogny force. These observations strongly advocate for the use of the linear response formalism to detect and avoid finite-size instabilities during the fit of the parameters of Gogny interactions as it is already done for some Skyrme forces.
An experimental and numerical investigation on the hydromechanical behaviour of carbonate fault zones upon reactivation: the impact of carbonate mud sealing layers and overall research outcomes
Authors: Nogueira Kiewiet M. , Lima C. , Giwelli A. , Delle Piane C. , Lemiale V. , Esteban L. , Falcao F. , Clennell M. B. , Dautriat J. , Kiewiet L. , Raimon J. , Kager S. , Dewhurst D. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
To contribute to the understanding of the impacts of fault reactivation induced by reservoir exploitation, we describe the final series of laboratory experiments, numerical simulations and microstructural analysis conducted during the ‘Fault Reactivation in Carbonates’ research project. In the project, the structure and hydromechanical properties of carbonate-hosted fault zones were investigated. For the analyses here reported, faults were artificially generated by direct shearing composite blocks made of layers of reservoir analogue rocks (outcrop travertine or synthetic grainstone) intercalated with one layer of a sealing analogue rock (synthetic carbonate mudstone). Post-direct shearing, cylindrical plugs containing the fault zone and parts of intact rock were cored out from the blocks and tested in a triaxial test rig, simulating fault reactivation. Varied stress paths and pore-pressure conditions representative of fluid depletion and injection were considered. In parallel, two-dimensional mechanical models representative of the direct shear experiments were developed using smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH). We observed a continuous reduction in fault transmissibility during direct shearing, followed by a permeability reduction of 50–80% with increasing mean effective stress in the subsequent fault reactivation tests. Experimental fault zone geometries produced during direct shear were broadly reproduced by the two-dimensional modelling approach. We also detected that the inclusion of the carbonate mud sealing rock into the fault zone caused greater compaction of the fault materials when compared to experiments conducted without carbonate mud layers. We conclude that with fault displacement, increasing incorporation of carbonate mud sealing material into the fault zone and the concomitant development of gouge results in the continuous reduction of fault transmissibility/permeability. This occurs in the two very different limestone host-rock types and for all the stress configurations investigated. Discussions on these results and also on the outcomes of the research project as a whole are presented in the paper.
Thymine DNA glycosylase is a key regulator of CaMKIIγ expression and vascular smooth muscle phenotype
Authors: Liu YongFeng , Sun Li-Yan , Singer Diane V. , Ginnan Roman , Zhao Wen , Jourd’heuil Frances L. , Jourd’heuil David , Long Xiaochun , Singer Harold A. 
Published: September 2019

Multifunctional Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) is a multigene family with isoform-specific regulation of vascular smooth muscle (VSM) functions. In previous studies, we found that vascular injury resulted in VSM dedifferentiation and reduced expression of the CaMKIIγ isoform in medial wall VSM. Smooth muscle knockout of CaMKIIγ enhanced injury-induced VSM neointimal hyperplasia, whereas CaMKIIγ overexpression inhibited VSM proliferation and neointimal formation. In this study, we evaluated DNA cytosine methylation/demethylation as a mechanism for regulating CaMKII isoform expression in VSM. Inhibition of cytosine methylation with 5-Aza-2′-deoxycytidine significantly upregulated CaMKIIγ expression in cultured VSM cells and inhibited CaMKIIγ downregulation in organ-cultured aorta ex vivo. With the use of methylated cytosine immunoprecipitation, the rat Camk2g promoter was found hypomethylated in differentiated VSM, whereas injury- or cell culture-induced VSM dedifferentiation coincided with Camk2g promoter methylation and decreased expression. We report for the first time that VSM cell phenotype switching is accompanied by marked induction of thymine DNA glycosylase (TDG) protein and mRNA expression in injured arteries in vivo and in cultured VSM synthetic phenotype cells. Silencing Tdg in VSM promoted expression of CaMKIIγ and differentiation markers, including myocardin, and inhibited VSM cell proliferation and injury-induced neointima formation. This study indicates that CaMKIIγ expression in VSM is regulated by cytosine methylation/demethylation and that TDG is an important determinant of this process and, more broadly, VSM phenotype switching and function.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Expression of the calcium calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II-γ isoform (CaMKIIγ) is associated with differentiated vascular smooth muscle (VSM) and negatively regulates proliferation in VSM synthetic phenotype (VSMSyn) cells. This study demonstrates that thymine DNA glycosylase (TDG) plays a key role in regulating CaMKIIγ expression in VSM through promoter cytosine methylation/demethylation. TDG expression is strongly induced in VSMSyncells and plays key roles in negatively regulating CaMKIIγ expression and more broadly VSM phenotype switching.
Impaired function of aorta and perivascular adipose tissue in IL-18-deficient mice
Authors: Li Wen , Jin Denan , Takai Shinji , Hayakawa Tetsu , Ogata Jun , Yamanishi Kyosuke , Yamanishi Hiromichi , Okamura Haruki 
Published: September 2019

IL-18 is ubiquitously produced by both hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic cells. The present study examined the thoracic aorta, including the surrounding perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT), of IL-18KO mice from functional and histological perspectives. IL-18KO mice exhibited raised blood pressure compared with wild-type mice. Echocardiographic examination showed a thickened vascular wall and narrowed vascular diameter of the aorta. Examination by the Magnus test demonstrated dysfunction of endothelial cells (ECs) in the IL-18KO thoracic aorta and impairment of the anticontractile function of IL-18KO PVAT. Histological examination showed no inflammatory lesions in the aorta but indicated progressive fibrosis in the vessel and conversion of PVAT from brown adipose tissue-like features to white adipose tissue-like features. Electron microscopic observation suggested several deformed mitochondria in the aorta and vacuole-like structures in ECs from IL-18KO mice. In addition, activity of complex IV was lower and production of reactive oxygen species was augmented in the mitochondria of IL-18KO aorta. Although expression of LC3 B was higher, rapamycin-induced autophagy flux was impaired in the IL-18KO PVAT. Moreover, Western blot analysis revealed that LAMP 1/2 was increased in IL-18KO PVAT, and measurement of cathepsin-D activity indicated decreased levels in IL-18KO PVAT. The IL-18KO thoracic aorta thus showed defects in physiological functions related to histological alterations, and the inflammasome/IL-18 system was suggested to play a protective role in cardiovascular cells, probably through quality control of mitochondria via promotion of autophagosome/autophagolysosome formation.NEW & NOTEWORTHY IL-18 deficiency caused aortic abnormalities in terms of morphology and functions in parallel with an accumulation of damaged mitochondria and anomalous turnover of protein complexes, such as PGC-1 and LAMP1 and -2 in PVAT. These findings suggested that IL-18 plays roles in maintaining the homeostasis of vessels and PVAT around the aorta, possibly by promoting autophagy.
Diminished AHR Signaling Drives Human Acute Myeloid Leukemia Stem Cell Maintenance
Authors: Ly Michelle , Rentas Stefan , Vujovic Ana , Wong Nicholas , Moreira Steven , Xu Joshua , Holzapfel Nicholas , Bhatia Sonam , Tran Damian , Minden Mark D. , Draper Jonathan S. , Hope Kristin J. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Eliminating leukemic stem cells (LSC) is a sought after therapeutic paradigm for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). While repression of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) signaling has been shown to promote short-term maintenance of primitive AML cells in culture, no work to date has examined whether altered AHR signaling plays a pathologic role in human AML or whether it contributes at all to endogenous LSC function. Here, we show AHR signaling is repressed in human AML blasts and preferentially downregulated in LSC-enriched populations within leukemias. A core set of AHR targets are uniquely repressed in LSCs across diverse genetic AML subtypes. In vitro and in vivo administration of the specific AHR agonist FICZ significantly impaired leukemic growth, promoted differentiation, and repressed self-renewal. Furthermore, LSCs suppressed a set of FICZ-responsive AHR target genes that function as tumor suppressors and promoters of differentiation. FICZ stimulation did not impair normal hematopoietic stem and progenitor (HSPC) function, and failed to upregulate a prominent LSC-specific AHR target in HSPCs, suggesting that differential mechanisms govern FICZ-induced AHR signaling manifestations in HSCs versus LSCs. Altogether, this work highlights AHR signaling suppression as a key LSC-regulating control mechanism and provides proof of concept in a preclinical model that FICZ-mediated AHR pathway activation enacts unique transcriptional programs in AML that identify it as a novel chemotherapeutic approach to selectively target human LSCs.

Significance:
The AHR pathway is suppressed in leukemic stem cells (LSC), therefore activating AHR signaling is a potential therapeutic option to target LSCs and to treat acute myeloid leukemia.
Monitoring Oxygenation Levels Deep in the Tumor Core: Noninvasive Imaging of Hypoxia, Now in Real-Time 3D
Authors: Klibanov Alexander L. , Hu Song 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Understanding the way hypoxia influences tumor biology is important; to study tumor hypoxia, simple and robust quantification of tissue oxygenation levels in vivo is necessary. Real-time noninvasive imaging without the use of expensive large equipment (PET or MRI) is most desirable. Photoacoustic imaging, in the form of volumetric multispectral optoacoustic tomography, as described in this issue of Cancer Research, paves the way for tumor hypoxia studies using an intrinsic optical contrast agent (hemoglobin), up to cm depth and 0.1-mm spatial resolution, in real-time 3D. This approach may find use in the clinic to assess tumor status and therapeutic efficacy.
See related article by Ron et al., p. 4767
Targeting TGFβ Pathway in Adult Granulosa Cell Tumor: Opening Pandora's Box?
Authors: Bonilla Luisa , Oza Amit M. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Adult granulosa cell tumor (AGCT) is a rare malignancy characterized by FOXL2 (C134W) mutation, an inherent component of the TGFβ pathway. Activin A, a TGFβ superfamily member, is a driver of this activity and is a potential target in AGCT.
See related article by Tao et al., p. 5458
Regional Citrate Anticoagulation versus No-Anticoagulation for Continuous Venovenous Hemofiltration in Acute Severe Hypernatremia Patients with Increased Bleeding Risk: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Zhao Lijuan , Ma Feng , Yu Yan , Li Yangping , Wang Yan , He Lijie , Zhou Meilan , Tian Xiujuan , Jing Rui , Li Li , Li Lu , Huang Chen , Bai Ming , Sun Shiren 
Published: September 2019

<b><i>Purpose:</i></b> This study was aimed at evaluating the efficacy and safety of regional citrate anticoagulation (RCA) versus no-anticoagulation continuous venovenous hemofiltration (CVVH) in acute severe hypernatremia patients with increased bleeding risk. <b><i>Materials and Methods:</i></b> Acute severe hypernatremia patients with high bleeding risk who underwent CVVH in our center between January 2011 and October 2017 were considered as candidates. Patients who were &#x3c;18 years old, with hypovolemic hypernatremia, and had systemic anticoagulation were excluded. The included patients were divided into RCA and no-anticoagulation groups according to their anticoagulation strategy during CVVH and matched by age, sequential organ failure assessment scores, and vasopressor dependency. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Of the 64 included patients, no-anticoagulation and RCA were employed for CVVH in 23 and 41 patients, respectively. The serum sodium reduction rate (RRSeNa) was not significantly different between the no-anticoagulation and RCA groups (<i>p</i> = 0.729). Compared to no-anticoagulation, RCA significantly prolonged the circuit survival time (15 h [4.1–23.9] vs. 51 h [21.3–80.7], <i>p</i> = 0.001). The incidence of filter failure was 65.2% (15/23) in the no-anticoagulation group and 2.4% (1/41) in the RCA group (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.001), respectively. In the matched cohort, the RRSeNas were not different between the 2 groups (<i>p</i> = 0.569), and the filter lifespan was significantly longer in the RCA group as well (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.001). <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> RCA might be safe and effective for acute severe hypernatremia patients who underwent CVVH treatment. Further prospective, randomized, control trials are warranted to obtain robust evidences.
High-Resolution Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Cervicocranial Artery Dissection
Authors: Wu Ye , Wu Fang , Liu Yuehong , Fan Zhaoyang , Fisher Marc , Li Debiao , Xu Weihai , Jiang Tao , Cheng Jingliang , Sun Bin , Ji Xunming , Yang Qi 
Published: September 2019

Background and Purpose—
We aimed to systematically investigate the characteristics of cervicocranial artery dissection (CCAD) on high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging that are associated with acute ischemic stroke.

Methods—
Patients with CCAD were recruited and divided into stroke and nonstroke groups. The lesion location, the presence of a double lumen, intimal flap, intramural hematoma, pseudoaneurysm, irregular surface, intraluminal thrombus, and other quantitative parameters of each dissected segment were reviewed. Multiple logistic regression was used to examine the association between imaging features of CCAD and ischemic stroke.

Results—

A total of 145 affected vessels from 118 patients with CCAD were analyzed. Anterior circulation, intramural hematoma, irregular surface, intraluminal thrombus, and severe stenosis (>70%) on high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging were more prevalent in CCAD patient with stroke (54.4% versus 36.4%;
P
=0.030, 96.2% versus 84.8%;
P
=0.017, 74.7% versus 37.9%;
P
<0.001, 44.3% versus 4.5%;
P
<0.001, and 54.4% versus 31.8%;
P
=0.008, respectively). In multivariable logistic regression analysis, the presence of irregular surface and intraluminal thrombus on imaging were independently associated with acute ischemic stroke in CCAD with odds ratios of 4.29 (95% CI, 1.61–11.46,
P
=0.004) and 7.48 (95% CI, 1.64–34.07,
P
=0.009).

Conclusions—
The current findings supported that the presence of irregular surface and intraluminal thrombus were related to stroke occurrence in patients with CCAD. High-resolution magnetic resonance imaging might give insights into pathogenesis of ischemic stroke in CCAD. It may be useful for individual prediction of ischemic stroke early in CCAD.
Can morphological characters be used to identify the pond-reared offspring of wild Chinese mitten crabs, Eriocheir sinensis, from different basins?
Authors: Jiang Xiaodong , Wu Xugan , Wang Haining , Yang Yuhong , Cheng Yongxu 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Although morphology is always used to distinguish wild Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis) populations, whether morphology could be used to identify the pond-reared offspring of wild E. sinensis populations has remained unclear. This study was undertaken to examine the morphological difference of wild E. sinensis (G0) from the Yangtze River (YR), Huang River (HR) and Liao River (LR) as well as their pond-reared offspring (G1). The results showed that: (1) The amount of significantly different parameters of three G1 populations was evidently less than that of three G0 populations; (2) G0 and G1 individuals of each population were clearly separated by principal component analysis, furthermore, three G0 populations were clearly separated while three G1 populations were not well distinguished from each other; (3) discrimination accuracy of G1 individuals in stepwise discriminant analysis was obviously lower than that of G1 populations; (4) G0 and G1 populations were clustered into two separate clusters in the cluster analysis. In conclusion, morphological differences between wild E. sinensis populations had disappeared after one generation of artificial culture, and morphology thus probably cannot be used to distinguish the pond-reared offspring originated from three wild E. sinensis populations.
First record of the genus Ventojassa Barnard, 1970 (Amphipoda, Ischyroceridae) from Japan
Authors: Kodama Masafumi , Kawamura Tomohiko 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The ischyrocerid amphipod Ventojassa dentipalma Kim & Kim, 1991 was recently collected from Otsuchi Bay, northeast Japan. The present specimens represent the second record of the species as well as the first Japanese record of the genus. Brief morphological descriptions and line drawings of diagnostic characters are provided. Details of the characters distinguishing the species from V. ventosa (Barnard, 1962) are discussed.
Les hérétiques savent-ils écrire ? Les hérésiologues « critiques littéraires » de leurs adversaires
Authors: Ribreau Mickaël 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Deconstructing one’s adversary’s image is a traditional tool of judicial rhetoric. Cicero, for example, represents adversaries as illiterate, unable to write or speak. The heresiologists, as Jerome or Augustin, could have been influenced by this strategy. They ask, Do the heretics know how to write ? Their answers vary according to which authors they have in mind and which text genre they use. In the Catalogue of Famous Men Jerome emphasizes the heretics’ literary talent, because of the genre in which he is writing, but also since they are dead. In his polemical works, influenced by judicial speech, he represents the relevant heretic as unable to write, because, as a heretic, he is unable to do anything, and because he is outside the church ; by deconstructing the heretic’s image, Jerome wants to avoid the others to be contamined by heresy. For Augustine, the heretic can write well, even too well ; and for him the problem is precisely that. Augustin emphasizes the heretic’s skill to highlight the heretic’s danger, caused by his eloquence.
Hebrews, Apostles, and Christ: Three Authorities of Jerome’s Hebraica Veritas
Authors: Kato Teppei 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Against many defenders of the LXX, such as Hilary of Poitiers and Augustine, Jerome tries to prove the superiority of the Hebrew text as a source text of translation. To do so, in his Preface to the Chronicles (iuxta Hebraeos), Jerome relies on three authorities: the Hebrews, the Apostles, and Christ. The Hebrews philologically endorse Jerome’s translation, by judging whether it literally agrees with the Hebrew text. The Apostles support Jerome’s position both philologically and theologically: sometimes their Old Testament quotations literally agree with the Hebrew text; at other times they spiritually agree with the Hebrew text, even though they do not literally. Christ functions as the highest authority. Relying on these three, Jerome’s real purpose concerning Hebraica veritas is not only the philological discussion between the Hebrew text and the LXX, but also the theological discussion between these two texts and the Old Testament quotations in the New Testament.