bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic factors for overall survival in elderly patients with glioblastoma: Analysis of the pooled NOA-08 and Nordic trials with the CCTG-EORTC (CE.6) trial
Authors: Malmström Annika , Oppong Felix B , O`Callaghan Christopher J , Wick Wolfgang , Laperriere Normand , Gorlia Thierry , Weller Michael , Henriksson Roger , Mason Warren , Platten Michael , Cantagallo Eva , Grønberg Bjørn H , Reifenberger Guido , Marosi Christine , Perry James R ,   NCBTSG, NOA, CCTG and EORTC Brain Tumor Group, Stupp Roger , Frappaz Didier , Schultz Henrik , Abacioglu Ufuk , Tavelin Björn , Lhermitte Benoit , Hegi Monika E , Rosell Johan , Platten Michael , Meisner Christoph , Felsberg Jörg , Tabatabai Ghazaleh , Simon Matthias , Nikkhah Guido , Papsdorf Kirsten , Steinbach Joachim P , Sabel Michael , Combs Stephanie E , Vesper Jan , Braun Christian , Meixensberger Jürgen , Ketter Ralf , Mayer-Steinacker Regine , Brandes Alba A , Menten Johan , Phillips Claire , Fay Michael , Nishikawa Ryo , Gregory Cairncross J , Roa Wilson , Osoba David , Rossiter John P , Sahgal Arjun , Hirte Hal , Laigle-Donadey Florence , Franceschi Enrico , Chinot Olivier , Golfinopoulos Vassilis , Fariselli Laura , Wick Antje , Feuvret Loic , Back Michael , Tills Michael , Winch Chad , Baumert Brigitta G 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
The majority of patients diagnosed with glioblastoma are &gt;60 years. Three randomized trials addressed the roles of radiotherapy (RT) and temozolomide (TMZ) for elderly patients. NORDIC and NOA-08 compared RT versus TMZ, while CE.6 randomized between hypofractionated RT and RT + TMZ. All showed significant benefits for the TMZ arms, especially for those patients with O6-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter-methylated tumors. This pooled analysis aimed at identifying additional factors that could improve individualized treatment recommendations.

Methods
Analyses were performed separately in the RT and TMZ arms of the pooled NORDIC and NOA-08 data, and in the RT and TMZ/RT arms of CE.6. The prognostic value of baseline clinical factors, comorbidities, and quality of life (QoL) scores were assessed.

Results
NORDIC + NOA-08 (NN) included 715 patients and CE.6 included 562 patients. Median age for NN was 71 and 73 years for CE.6. In NN and CE.6 respectively, 66.2% versus 70.5% underwent resection and 50.9% and 75.3% were on steroids. In NN, 401 patients received RT alone and 281 in CE.6, while 314 were randomized to TMZ alone in NN and 281 to concomitant RT + TMZ in CE.6. Known clinical prognostic factors, such as extent of resection and WHO performance status were confirmed, as was MGMT promoter methylation status for TMZ-treated patients. TMZ-treated patients with 2 or 3 comorbidities; hypertension, diabetes, and/or stroke had worse survival, both in NN (P = .022) and CE.6 (P = .022). Baseline QoL had a minor association with outcome.

Conclusion
Consideration of comorbidities allows improved personalized treatment decisions for elderly glioblastoma patients.
Role of the tumor board when prescribing mutant isocitrate dehydrogenase inhibitors to patients with isocitrate dehydrogenase-mutant glioma
Authors: Roth Patrick , Capper David , Calabrese Evan , Halasz Lia M , Jakola Asgeir S 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)-mutant gliomas, comprising both astrocytomas and oligodendrogliomas, represent a distinct group of tumors that pose an interdisciplinary challenge. Addressing the needs of affected patients requires close collaboration among various disciplines, including neuropathology, neuroradiology, neurosurgery, radiation oncology, neurology, medical oncology, and other relevant specialties when necessary. Interdisciplinary tumor boards are central in determining the ideal diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for these patients. The key tasks of a tumor board include the evaluation of imaging findings, selecting the appropriate surgical approach, discussing additional treatment options, and identification/determination of tumor recurrence and progression. In addition to established treatments such as radiotherapy and alkylating chemotherapy, patients with an isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)-mutant glioma for whom additional treatment is indicated may now also have the option of receiving treatment with an mutant isocitrate dehydrogenase inhibitor such as vorasidenib or ivosidenib. In this regard, the collaborative nature of tumor boards becomes even more crucial for evaluating comprehensively the needs of these patients. Through interdisciplinary discussions, tumor boards aim to develop personalized treatment strategies that maximize therapeutic efficacy while minimizing potential side effects and preserving patients’ quality of life.
Histoplasmosis Associated With Bat Guano Exposure in Cannabis Growers: 2 Cases
Authors: Sudnik Paulina , Passarelli Patrick , Branche Angela , Giampoli Ellen , Louie Ted 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Histoplasma capsulatum is a pathogenic dimorphic fungus with evolving epidemiology. Initially described as endemic to the Ohio and Mississippi river valleys, the infection now regularly occurs in central and eastern United States, with cases reported across the entire country. Transmission happens via inhalation of conidia during activities that disturb fungal hyphae. Sporadic cases related to individual exposures now outnumber work-related outbreak cases in the United States. We describe 2 fatal cases of histoplasmosis in Rochester, New York, associated with exposure to bat guano as a fertilizer for cannabis cultivation, including 1 case in which it was commercially obtained.
The Atmosphere in Spatial History: Digital Evidence and Visual Argument
Authors: Scholz Luca 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Taking its cue from the weather wars that unfolded around the Alps in the eighteenth century — conflicts between neighbouring towns and polities attempting to divert storms by firing cannons at clouds — this article studies the representation of an environment rarely seen in spatial history: earth’s atmosphere. A survey of maps in different historiographical traditions, climate history foremost, reveals a visual repertoire that is effective for determining the physical properties of weather and climate but detaches the atmosphere from its human and non-human environments. A more recent genre of historical maps employs algorithmic methods of layering data to represent the atmosphere at local scales and in close connection with the human environment yet remains committed to a physicalist vision of weather and society. Returning to the Alpine weather wars, the article introduces a sequence of maps that attempt to represent past storms as they were understood and confronted by the armed farmers at the foot of the Alps: steerable entities trapped in an atmo-terrestrial force field where physical, political and religious influences collided to determine the ways of weather. The wider proposition is for historians of atmospheric environment to craft cartographic arguments that complement the range and ambition of their prose.
Fibrosis mechanisms in systemic sclerosis and new potential therapies
Authors: Barile Raffaele , Rotondo Cinzia , Rella Valeria , Trotta Antonello , Cantatore Francesco Paolo , Corrado Addolorata 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Systemic sclerosis is a rare rheumatic disease characterized by immune cell activation, tissue fibrosis, and endothelial dysfunction. Extracellular matrix synthesis disorder causes widespread fibrosis, primarily in skin and internal organs. Various factors such as TGFβ, VEGF, Galectin-3, and signaling pathways like Wnt/β-catenin are involved in pathophysiological processes. Treatment lacks a unified approach but combines diverse modalities tailored to disease subtype and progression. Current therapeutic strategies include biologics, JAK inhibitors, and IL-6 pathway modulators. Monoclonal antibodies and hypomethylating agents demonstrate potential in fibrosis inhibition. This review focuses on emerging therapeutic evidence regarding drugs targeting collagen, cytokines, and cell surface molecules in systemic sclerosis, aiming to provide insight into potential innovative treatment strategies.
Constitutivism's plight: inescapability, normativity, and relativism
Authors: Leffler Olof 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Constitutivists often argue that agency is inescapable. This is supposed to, among other things, explain why norms that are constitutive of agency are forceful. But can some form of inescapability do that? I consider four types of inescapability—psychological, further factor, standpoint, and plight—and evaluate whether they manage to explain four necessary features of normative force: that it does not vary with desire change, that ought-implies-can and can-fail, and that we are criticizable for failing to live up to forceful norms. The former three all fail to explain some of these features, but a version of plight inescapability does, in fact, appear able to explain them all. This is good news for constitutivists. The catch? The plight inescapability explanation generates relativism. This leaves constitutivists at a choice point: accept the plight inescapability explanation of normative force and relativism—or give up the plight inescapability explanation.
Photon Frequency Conversion in High-Q Superconducting Resonators: Axion Electrodynamics, QED, and Nonlinear Meissner Radiation
Authors: Ueki Hikaru , Sauls J A 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
High-Q superconducting resonators have been proposed and developed as detectors of light-by-light scattering mediated by the hypothesized axion or virtual electron–positron pairs in quantum electrodynamics: the Euler–Heisenberg (EH) interaction. Photon frequency and mode conversion is central to the scheme for detecting such rare events. Superconducting resonators are nonlinear devices. The Meissner screening currents that confine the electromagnetic fields to the vacuum region of a superconducting RF cavity are nonlinear functions of the EM field at the vacuum–superconducting interface, and as a result can generate source currents and frequency conversion of microwave photons in the cavity. In this report we consider photon frequency and mode conversion in superconducting resonators with high quality factors from Meissner currents in single- and dual-cavity setups proposed for axion and QED searches based on light-by-light scattering. In a single cavity with two pump modes, photon frequency conversion by the Meissner screening current dominates photon generation by the EH interaction for cavities with $Q \lesssim 10^{12}$. The Meissner currents also generate background photons that limit the operation of the resonator for axion detection in three-mode, single-cavity setups. We also consider the leakage of photons from pump modes into the signal mode for both axion- and EH-mediated light-by-light scattering. Photon frequency conversion by the EH interaction can compete with Meissner and leakage radiation in ultra-high-Q cavities that are beyond the current state of the art. Meissner radiation and leakage backgrounds can be suppressed in dual-cavity setups with appropriate choices for pump and spectator modes, as well as the single-cavity setup proposed for heterodyne detection of galactic axion dark matter.
On Stability of Metric Spaces and Kalton’s Property Q
Authors: Baudier F , Schlumprecht Th , ZSÁK A 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT
The first named author introduced the notion of upper stability for metric spaces in F. Baudier, Barycentric gluing and geometry of stable metrics, Rev. R. Acad. Cienc. Exactas Fís. Nat. Ser. A Mat. RACSAM 116 no. 1, (2022), 48 as a relaxation of stability. The motivation was a search for a new invariant to distinguish the class of reflexive Banach spaces from stable metric spaces in the coarse and uniform category. In this paper we show that property Q does in fact imply upper stability. We also provide a direct proof of the fact that reflexive spaces are upper stable by relating the latter notion to the asymptotic structure of Banach spaces.
Targeting mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 2 attenuates immunopathology in systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Ai Minji , Zhou Xian , Carrer Michele , Jafar-nejad Paymaan , Li Yanfeng , Gades Naomi , Alexander Mariam , Bautista-Vargas Mario , Duarte-García Alí , Zeng Hu 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Objective
We aimed to explore the role of mechanistic target of rapamycin complex (mTORC) 2 in SLE development, and the in vivo regulation of mTORC2 by type I IFN signalling in autoimmunity, and to use mTORC2 targeting therapy to ameliorate lupus-like symptoms in an in vivo lupus mouse model and an in vitro co-culture model using human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs).

Method
We first induced lupus-like disease in T-cell-specific Rictor, a key component of mTORC2-deficient mice, by topical application of imiquimod (IMQ), and monitored disease development. Next, we investigated the changes in mTORC2 signalling and immunological phenotypes in type I IFNAR-deficient Lpr mice. We then tested the beneficial effects of anti-Rictor antisense oligonucleotide (Rictor-ASO) in a mouse model of lupus: MRL/lpr mice. Finally, we examined the beneficial effects of RICTOR-ASO on SLE patients’ PBMCs using an in vitro T–B co-culture assay.

Results
T-cell-specific Rictor-deficient mice have reduced age-associated B cells, plasma cells and germinal centre B cells, and less autoantibody production than WT mice, following IMQ treatment. IFNAR1-deficient Lpr mice have reduced mTORC2 activity in CD4+ T cells, accompanied by restored CD4+ T cell glucose metabolism, partially recovered T cell trafficking, and reduced systemic inflammation. Rictor-ASO treatment improved renal function and pathology in MRL/lpr mice, and improved immunopathology. In a human SLE (N = 5) PBMCs derived T–B co-culture assay, RICTOR-ASO significantly reduced the production of immunoglobulin (Ig) and autoantibodies (P &lt; 0.05).

Conclusion
Targeting mTORC2 could be a promising therapeutic strategy for SLE.
P029 High-definition neurostimulation to enhance slow oscillations during sleep in obstructive sleep apnea: A randomised, single-blind, sham-controlled, crossover proof-of-concept protocol
Authors: Riccardiello A , Tang J , Wassing R , Phillips C , Kao T , Cotta Ramusino G , Gordon C , Yee B , Grunstein R , Marshall N , D’Rozario A 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Global and regional deficits in slow frequency EEG oscillations during non-rapid eye movement sleep, which have been reported in people with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) may have detrimental consequences on cognitive performance. Current OSA treatments have variable effects on restoring slow waves and improving cognition, and some treatments are poorly tolerated. Previous studies using non-invasive transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) applied to frontal brain regions enhanced slow wave oscillations in healthy adults and may have utility in an OSA population. This protocol will assess the feasibility of using tDCS to enhance slow oscillations in middle to late aged people with OSA.
A randomised, crossover design will test two active (maximum current density 0.522mA/cm2) and one sham (&lt;0.1mA) slow oscillation tDCS conditions. In this proof-of-concept study, 5 participants aged 40-65 years with mild-moderate OSA will attend three in laboratory visits with high-density EEG, with a 1-week washout. Active or sham stimulation in frontal or parietal regions will be applied in 5 x 5-minute blocks during the first NREM period of a 90-minute nap. EEG data will be measured for 60 seconds after each stimulation block. Memory and attention tasks and a perception questionnaire will be completed before and after the nap. The primary outcome is technical feasibility. Secondary outcomes include protocol acceptability, blinding and perceived effectiveness and delta EEG power. Tertiary outcomes include visuo-spatial recognition, vigilance, sigma power, and sleep macro-architecture. Preliminary feasibility data on this novel intervention to target sleep and cognition in OSA will inform a larger clinical trial.
P082 Actigraphic Assessment of Sleep Patterns in Women with Menopausal Symptoms
Authors: Li X , Chow C , Halaki M 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Approximately 40%-60% of menopausal women suffer from sleep disturbances, commonly linked to vasomotor symptoms of hot flashes and night sweats. This study aims to evaluate sleep patterns and quality in peri- and post-menopausal women using actigraphy.

Methods
Thirty-nine participants (45 to 65y, BMI 25.62±3.02 kg/m², Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) score 10.98±4.10) experiencing menopausal symptoms underwent actigraphy recordings of sleep onset/offset, duration, and mid-sleep times over at least three consecutive nights with 357 nights of data analysed.

Results
The vasomotor subscales (hot flash and night sweat, Greene Climacterics questionnaire) yielded a score of 2.43±1.15 (compared to general population: 1.79±1.12 and menopause clinic: 4.41±1.70). Sleep onset times ranged from 19:06-03:16 with the most common time at 22:00-22:59 (31.1%) followed by 23:00-23:59 (27.5%). Sleep offset times ranged from 03:39-11:28 with the most common time at 06:00-06:59 (34.5%). The average sleep duration ranged from 231 to 819 minutes with the most common duration 470-529 min (33.6%) with 43.1% of nights with &lt;8h of sleep. The mid-sleep times ranged from 23:50-05:19 with the most common mid-sleep time at 02:30-02:59(19%), followed by 02:00-02:29 (17.9%) and 03:00-03:29 (17.4%).

Discussion
In consideration of demographic factors, moderate vasomotor symptoms and some irregularities in sleep-wake timing, the menopausal women in this study largely have adequate sleep duration of around eight or more hours. It is likely that their symptoms were not as severe as the clinic sample. However, it is not clear if better sleep in this group is linked to increased awareness of sleep as a health behaviour.
Malone v. Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and Another (2024) and State Immunity in South Africa in Extradition Proceedings: Interpreting the Foreign States Immunities Act in Light of Its Drafting History and International Law
Authors: Mujuzi Jamil Ddamulira 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The Foreign States Immunities Act (the Act) provides for circumstances in which a state enjoys jurisdictional immunity for any act or omission that takes place in South Africa (sovereign acts under section 2) and for circumstances in which it loses that immunity (private/commercial acts under sections 4, 5, and 6). The Constitutional Court held that extradition is a sovereign act. Thus, the requesting state enjoys jurisdictional immunity. In Malone v. UK and Another, the United Kingdom requested South Africa to arrest and detain the applicant pending his extradition and to oppose his bail application. He spent several days in detention before the United Kingdom withdrew the extradition request. He argued that the United Kingdom was responsible for the violation of his rights. The United Kingdom argued that extradition was a sovereign act and the court did not have jurisdiction over the matter. Although the High Court recognized that extradition is a sovereign act, it invoked section 6 of the Act and held that the United Kingdom was liable for the violation of the applicant’s rights. It is argued that the Court’s reliance on section 6 is contrary to the drafting history of the Act and potentially to the jurisprudence of the International Court of Justice.
Effect of a dietary nutraceutical “STRUCTURE-Joint” on response of horses to intra-articular challenge with IL-1: implications for tissue adaptation to stress
Authors: Korac Lindsay , Golestani Nadia , MacNicol Jennifer , Souccar-Young Jamie , Witherspoon Sophie , Wildish Arayih , Topfer Sydney , Pearson Wendy 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The purpose was to determine local (articular) and systemic effects of intra-articular interleukin-1 in horses supplemented with a dietary PUFA supplement [STRUCTURE-Joint (ST-J)]. Sixteen (16) healthy, mature, light breed horses were randomly assigned to diets containing 0 or 120 mL (n = 8 per group) of ST-J for 30 d. On days 0 (prior to beginning supplementation) and 27, recombinant equine interleukin-1β (reIL-1 β) (75 ng) was injected into the left or right intercarpal joint to induce mild, transient synovitis. Synovial fluid was obtained by aseptic arthrocentesis at postinjection hour 0 (immediately prior to IL-1 injection), 6, 12, and 72. ST-J supplementation for 30 d significantly increased synovial fluid nitric oxide, and resolvin D1 compared with the unsupplemented control group and significantly increased PGE2 levels and reduced joint circumference in the ST-J treated horses on day 30 compared to the same group of horses on day 0. There was also a significant increase in plasma hemoglobin, free and total bilirubin, and decrease in plasma glucose. These data provide evidence for the usefulness of ST-J to modulate physiological variables with importance in exercise performance and tissue adaptation to exercise stress and further research on this product is warranted.
Origin, spread, and interspecies transmission of a dominant genotype of BJ/94 lineage H9N2 avian influenza viruses with increased threat
Authors: Zhou Yong , Li Yudong , Chen Hongzhuang , Shu Sicheng , Li Zhixin , Sun Honglei , Sun Yipeng , Liu Jinhua , Lu Lu , Pu Juan 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The H9N2 subtype of avian influenza viruses (AIVs) is widely prevalent in poultry and wild birds globally, with occasional transmission to humans. In comparison to other H9N2 lineages, the BJ/94 lineage has raised more public health concerns; however, its evolutionary dynamics and transmission patterns remain poorly understood. In this study, we demonstrate that over three decades (1994–2023), BJ/94 lineage has undergone substantial expansion in its geographical distribution, interspecies transmission, and viral reassortment with other AIV subtypes, increasing associated public health risks. These changes were primarily driven by the emergence of a dominant genotype G57. In the first decade, G57 emerged in East China and rapidly adapted to chickens and spread across China. Since 2013, the G57 genotype has expanded beyond China into eight other countries and reassorted with various AIV subtypes to form new zoonotic reassortants. Chickens have played a key role in the generation and circulation of the G57 viruses, with ducks and other poultry species likely assuming an increasingly importantly role. Over the past decade, G57 has been more frequently detected in wild birds, mammals, and humans. Additionally, Vietnam has emerged as a new hotspot for the international spread of G57. Our results suggest that the BJ/94 lineage H9N2 virus may continue to overcome geographical and species barriers, with potentially more severe consequences.