bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Early Youth Engagement (EYE-2) intervention in first-episode psychosis services: pragmatic cluster randomised controlled trial and cost-effectiveness evaluation
Authors: Greenwood Kathryn , Jones Christopher , Yaziji Nahel , Healey Andrew , May Carl , Bremner Stephen , Hooper Richard , Rathod Shanaya , Phiri Peter , de Visser Richard , Mackay Tanya , Bartl Gergely , Abramowicz Iga , Gu Jenny , Webb Rebecca , Nandha Sunil , Lennox Belinda , Johns Louise , French Paul , Hodgekins Jo , Law Heather , Plaistow James , Thompson Rose , Fowler David , Garety Philippa , O'Donnell Anastacia , Painter Michelle , Jarvis Rebecca , Clark Stuart , Peters Emmanuelle 
Published: November 2024

Background
Early intervention in psychosis (EIP) services improve outcomes for young people, but approximately 30% disengage.

Aims
To test whether a new motivational engagement intervention would prolong engagement and whether it was cost-effective.

Method
We conducted a multicentre, single-blind, parallel-group, cluster randomised controlled trial involving 20 EIP teams at five UK National Health Service (NHS) sites. Teams were randomised using permuted blocks stratified by NHS trust. Participants were all young people (aged 14–35 years) presenting with a first episode of psychosis between May 2019 and July 2020 (N = 1027). We compared the novel Early Youth Engagement (EYE-2) intervention plus standardised EIP (sEIP) with sEIP alone. The primary outcome was time to disengagement over 12–26 months. Economic outcomes were mental health costs, societal costs and socio-occupational outcomes over 12 months. Assessors were masked to treatment allocation for primary disengagement and cost-effectiveness outcomes. Analysis followed intention-to-treat principles. The trial was registered at ISRCTN51629746.

Results
Disengagement was low at 15.9% overall in standardised stand-alone services. The adjusted hazard ratio for EYE-2 + sEIP (n = 652) versus sEIP alone (n = 375) was 1.07 (95% CI 0.76–1.49; P = 0.713). The health economic evaluation indicated lower mental healthcare costs linked to reductions in unplanned mental healthcare with no compromise of clinical outcomes, as well as some evidence for lower societal costs and more days in education, training, employment and stable accommodation in the EYE-2 group.

Conclusions
We found no evidence that EYE-2 increased time to disengagement, but there was some evidence for its cost-effectiveness. This is the largest study to date reporting positive engagement, health and cost outcomes in a total EIP population sample. Limitations included high loss to follow-up for secondary outcomes and low completion of societal and socio-occupational data. COVID-19 affected fidelity and implementation. Future engagement research should target engagement to those in greatest need, including in-patients and those with socio-occupational goals.
Note on WAdS3 black holes in extended BHT gravity
Authors: Yekta Davood Mahdavian 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In this letter, we study a holographic diffeomorphism invariant higher-derivative extension of Bergshoeff-Hohm-Townsend (BHT) cosmological gravity in the context of Wald's formalism. We calculate the entropy, mass and angular momentum of warped anti-de Sitter (WAdS3) black holes in ghost-free BHT massive gravity and its extension using the covariant phase space method. We also compute the central charges of the dual boundary conformal field theories (CFT) from the thermodynamics method.
Optimal Maternal Ventilation During Laparotomy with General Anesthesia in Pregnancy in the Ovine Model
Authors: Bleeser Tom , Joyeux Luc , Vergote Simen , Basurto David , Valenzuela Ignacio , Hubble Talia Rose , Kunpalin Yada , Emam Doaa , Van de Velde Marc , Devroe Sarah , Deprest Jan , Rex Steffen 
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND:
General anesthesia during pregnancy is not uncommon, for example, for trauma surgery, cerclage, or cesarean delivery. Current recommendations are to maintain maternal partial pressure of carbon dioxide in arterial blood (paCO2) at 30 mm Hg, which is based solely on the average maternal paCO2 in awake pregnant women. However, there is no evidence that this target, compared to other targets, would enable optimal conditions for the fetus during general anesthesia. Maternal paCO2 can affect uterine blood flow, affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen, and fetal CO2 elimination. In this study, a range of potential targets of maternal paCO2 was investigated in the ovine model, aiming to determine which target is most conducive to physiological fetal blood gas values during laparotomy with general anesthesia.

METHODS:
Ten time-mated pregnant Swifter ewes with a gestational age of 93 to 104 days were used. During the first phase of the experiment, anesthesia was induced, all ewes were ventilated to target a physiological maternal paCO2 of 30 mm Hg, a maternal laparotomy was performed, and a fetal microcatheter was inserted surgically to enable blood sampling from the fetal aorta. Thereafter, in the second phase of the experiment, the 10 pregnant ewes were randomized to 10 different targets of maternal paCO2 between 27 and 50 mm Hg (1 target for each ewe), and maternal ventilation was adjusted accordingly. Forty-five minutes later, maternal and fetal arterial blood gas samples were analyzed. Linear regression models were used to estimate maternal paCO2 enabling physiologic fetal parameters, including fetal paCO2 (primary outcome).

RESULTS:
A maternal paCO2 of 27.4 mm Hg (95% confidence interval, 23.1–30.3) enabled physiological fetal paCO2. Each increase in maternal paCO2 by 1 mm Hg, on average, increased fetal paCO2 by 0.94 mm Hg (0.69–1.19). This relationship had a strong correlation (r² = 0.906). No fetuses died during the experiment.

CONCLUSIONS:
This study provides experimental support for the clinical recommendation to maintain maternal paCO2 close to the physiologic value of 30 mm Hg during general anesthesia for maternal laparotomy in pregnancy as it is conducive to physiological fetal blood gas values. Given the lower bound of the 95% confidence interval, the possibility that a lower maternal paCO2 would improve fetal gas exchange cannot be excluded.
The Double Disavowals of Theory's “Problem Spaces”: Review of Revolution and Disenchantment
Authors: Bou Ali Nadia 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The review article provides a critical engagement with Fadi A. Bardawil's Revolution and Disenchantment. Bardawil's historical ethnographic research claims to provide an account of the failures of Marxism in the Levant. The review proposes that Bardawil's theoretical and intellectual commitments may have resulted in projecting failure retroactively on an entire field of theory, Marxism, thereby foreclosing a critical engagement with concepts in relation to praxis.
Sexual Politics: Photobooks by Japanese Women, 1976–79
Authors: Michiko Kasahara , McCormick Kelly Midori 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In the 1970s, the Japanese photographic world was dominated by men, and Japanese society grappled with changing gender norms. Women photographers raised their cameras in response and challenge to the status quo, carving out a space for new forms of photographic work. This essay examines the works of Ishiuchi Miyako, Matsumoto Michiko, Imai Hisae, and others from the perspective of sexual politics, while at the same time considering the broader historical context of Japan in the 1970s.
Playing Divide-and-Choose Given Uncertain Preferences
Authors: Tucker-Foltz Jamie , Zeckhauser Richard 
Published: November 2024

We study the classic divide-and-choose method for equitably allocating divisible goods between two players who are rational, self-interested Bayesian agents. The players have additive values for the goods. The prior distributions of those values are common knowledge. We consider both the cases of independent values and values that are correlated across players (as occurs when there is a common-value component). We describe the structure of optimal divisions in the divide-and-choose game and identify several cases where it is possible to efficiently compute equilibria. An approximation algorithm is presented for the case when the distribution over the chooser’s value for each good follows a normal distribution, along with a randomized approximation algorithm for the case of uniform distributions over intervals. A mixture of analytic results and computational simulations illuminates several striking differences between optimal strategies in the cases of known versus unknown preferences. Most notably, given unknown preferences, the divider has a compelling “diversification” incentive in creating the chooser’s two options. This incentive leads to multiple goods being divided at equilibrium, quite contrary to the divider’s optimal strategy when preferences are known. In many contexts, such as buy-and-sell provisions between partners, or in judging fairness, it is important to assess the relative expected utilities of the divider and chooser. Those utilities, we show, depend on the players’ levels of knowledge about each other’s values, the correlations between the players’ values, and the number of goods being divided. Under fairly mild assumptions, we show that the chooser is strictly better off for a small number of goods, whereas the divider is strictly better off for a large number of goods. This paper was accepted by Ilia Tsetlin, behavioral economics and decision analysis. Funding: This work was supported by the Mossavar-Rahmani Center for Business and Government, Harvard University, and the National Science Foundation [Grant DGE1745303]. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material reflect the views of the authors and not necessarily those of the National Science Foundation or the Mossavar-Rahmani Center. Supplemental Material: The data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.00350 .
A work-based approach for improving students’ performance in the college general English class
Authors: Pan Yi-Ching 
Published: November 2024

Many university students in Taiwan have complained that the general English class is not very exciting nor useful for the workplace due to its exam-oriented and teacher-centered instruction focus. Such negative impressions often lead to a low motivation toward learning English and affect students’ learning outcomes. This study aimed to establish an innovative work-based teaching approach and to explore whether it can help enhance students’ motivation to learn English, positively impacting their overall performances. The work-based teaching approach included job-seeking activities involving self-introduction and resume writing, as well as product introduction tasks, fostering student participation, teacher-student interaction, and balanced summative-and-formative assessments. The study recruited 129 second-year university students in the general English class for an 18-week course where they were required to complete work-based tasks and assessments. A triangulation of research methods was employed to collect both qualitative and quantitative data from questionnaires, student formative and summative assessment, reflection journals, and student interviews. Three major findings arise from this study: 1) students’ score gain on TOEIC pre- and post-tests was statistically significant; 2) students offered positive views on the diverse, interactive, and communicative teaching methods that enhanced their understanding and application of workplace English; and 3) performance assessment played a more important role in increasing students’ learning interest and motivation than traditional paper-and-pencil tests. This study concludes with some pedagogical implications and suggestions for future research.
UTOPIAS URBANO-NATURAIS EM TEMPOS DIFÍCEIS
Authors: Limonad Ester 
Published: November 2024

A questão da natureza na cidade emerge como essencial na luta pelo direito à cidade, com o aparecimento de diversas iniciativas alternativas, aparentemente transformadoras, que apontam para outra relação sociedade-natureza, para a utopia de um urbano-natural e, talvez, para outro cotidiano. Isto posto, questiona-se a possibilidade de se falar em utopias e da virtualidade da utopia de um urbano-natural, frente ao cenário distópico contemporâneo. A partir da compreensão de que outra relação urbano-natureza, em um horizonte transformador, demanda outras práticas espaciais e a (des)(re)construção do cotidiano, a reflexão debruça-se sobre um leque de iniciativas alternativas de esverdeamento urbano. Apesar de suas intenções compartilhadas, essas intervenções possuem agendas dissonantes. Logo, é feito um esforço de diferenciação, com base em seu caráter, grau de sanção e pelo potencial de seus resultados beneficiarem efetivamente grupos sociais vulneráveis ao abrigo da gentrificação e dos interesses hegemônicos. Distinguem-se dentre essas ações, as práticas reformistas do urbanismo tático, de iniciativas transformadoras de diferentes interações com a natureza, por parte de comunidades, de grupos sociais vulneráveis, de movimentos sociais, entre outros, com ou sem suporte do poder público, a que se somam ações do urbanismo de guerrilha, que apontam para o florescimento de outras práticas espaciais e outro cotidiano. Ao final, são consideradas algumas formas de garantir aos grupos sociais vulneráveis o acesso e interação com a natureza no cotidiano, na perspectiva de construção de outra sociedade, com base em outras práticas espaciais, tendo por horizonte a virtualidade da utopia de um urbano-natural.
Palavras-chave: Cidade; Urbano; Natureza; Cotidiano; Urbano-Natural.
Experimentações no/com o cotidiano do ensino de sociologia: des(a)fiando marcas de branquidade e heteronormatividade no currículo.
Authors: Martins Aline Correia , Pocahy Fernando Altair , Leonardo Rafaela Cotta 
Published: November 2024

O trabalho em tela problematiza as experimentações de uma docente da rede de ensino público do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, a partir das interpelações do currículo de sociologia para o Ensino Médio. Currículo elaborado historicamente através de uma concepção programática, movimentado em raríssimas discussões e interlocuções com autorxs brasileirxs e negrxs na sala de aula e, muito mais escassamente, com autoras negras. O trabalho cartografa fluxos do cotidiano escolar, na tentativa de fazer pensar a respeito das dinâmicas do cotidiano sobre o currículo e nas formas como o currículo se faz ou não se faz eficaz, no dia a dia, na escola ou em sala de aula.
A RELAÇÃO ENTRE O MOTIVO E A ATIVIDADE DE ESTUDO NA TEORIA HISTÓRICO-CULTURAL: uma revisão
Authors: Da Silva Gisleine Cristina , Toshie Irie Saito Heloisa 
Published: November 2024

O objetivo do presente estudo foi compreender a relação entre o conceito de motivo e a atividade de estudo na Teoria Histórico-Cultural a partir de estudos brasileiros recentes. Realizou-se um levantamento da literatura em novembro de 2022, nas bases de dados Google Acadêmico, Portal de Periódicos da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) e Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO). Os descritores utilizados foram os seguintes: ‘’atividade de estudo” AND ‘’motivo” AND ‘’Teoria Histórico-Cultural”, em todas as bases de dados. Foram selecionados 05 artigos sendo incluídos segundo os critérios de elegibilidade. Como resultado verificou-se que 40% dos artigos concordam que um trabalho pedagógico com um ensino sistematizado e intencional capaz de desenvolver a atividade de estudo nos alunos gera condições para o desenvolvimento do pensamento teórico. Enquanto 20% dos artigos apontaram que existe a atribuição de sentido pessoal a atividade de estudo e a organização pedagógica dos professores leva ao êxito escolar. Já outros 20% dos artigos revelaram que há poucos trabalhos acerca da atividade de estudo e mais 20% dos artigos evidenciaram que a escola precisa ter condições concretas de exercer a sua função humanizadora levando em consideração a periodização do desenvolvimento humano. Portanto, conclui-se que a função da escola não diz respeito apenas a responder as necessidades presentes nas crianças e estudantes, mas também gerar novas necessidades humanizadoras, considerando as experiências cotidianas dos alunos e avançando em suas necessidades de forma crítica e reflexiva de modo a desenvolver o pensamento teórico.
Direitos humanos versus estado: reflexões acerca dos desafios, obstáculos e limitações enfrentados para a sua plena efetividade na ordem contemporânea.
Authors: Leal Morais Robson Feitosa , Marques Vinicius Pinheiro 
Published: November 2024

Historicamente, os direitos humanos até alcançarem valor normativo, perpassaram por um longo processo evolutivo, uma vez que a humanidade encontra-se em constante mutação, adquirindo, assim, novos anseios e formas de vivência. Esse precesso evolutivo importa na conquista, reconhecimento e declaração de novos direitos que, apesar de recentes, estão longe de serem esgotados, ante a necessidade premente do homem enquanto ser social. Neste intento, buscou-se por meio da presente pesquisa, descrever os principais aspectos relacionados à evolução dos direitos humanos, bem como as principais limitações, desafios e obstáculos enfrentados para a sua consolidação na ordem contemporânea, inclusive sob a perspectiva Estatal. Para alcançar tal desiderato, adotou-se o tipo de pesquisa qualitativa, de natureza exploratória e explicativa, com fins de analisar, explicar e desenvolver o instituto em em estudo. Adotou-se, ainda, a pesquisa documental e bibliográfica, na medida em que utilizaram-se textos de leis, bem como uma revisão da literatura sobre o tema. Como conclusões aos questionamentos base deste estudo, evidenciou-se que os direitos humanos perpassam, na atual conjuntura, por inúmeros desafios, e que, além de contribuírem para o surgimento do moderno Estado Constitucional de Direito, também possuem a dimensão de limitar as suas articulações, visto que foram reconhecidos e declarados de forma impostiva nos planos universal e regionalista. Por outro lado, apesar dessa imposição, identificou-se os desafios pelos quais perpassam a implementação da agenda dos direitos humanos hodiernamente, conforme aduz os autores Piovesan e Herrera Flores, respectivamente. Apurou-se, ainda, que o Estado, usando de sua soberania, construiu todo um aparato legal, quando de sua suscitação ao cumprimento desses direitos, podendo valer-se da mitigação,quando se utiliza de princípios como o da reserva do possível e do mínimo existencial, o que por si só representam limitações à plena efetivação desses direitos, e, por correlação, contribuindo para a relativização do princípio maior: a dignidade humana.
A pesquisa feminista antirracista na literatura científica brasileira: apontamentos para o direito
Authors: Grubba Leilane Serratine , Oliveira Juliana Pires de , Costa Giovanna Vieira da 
Published: November 2024

Trata-se de revisão integrativa que pretende responder ao seguinte questionamento: quais as principais articulações teóricas e práticas na pesquisa brasileira feminista antirracista? Objetiva-se conhecer a literatura científica feminista antirracista brasileira e seus principais marcadores, assim como possibilitar uma compreensão para a pesquisa feminista antirracista no campo do Direito. Utiliza-se os seguintes descritores: ((feminismo) and (antirracista)), com busca nas bases de dados Capes periódicos, SciELO e LILACS. Os critérios de inclusão são: estudos publicados na modalidade de artigos, que contam com um(a) autor(a) brasileiro(a) e cuja temática encontre-se no âmbito da pesquisa. Os critérios de exclusão referem-se à duplicidade dos estudos selecionados e às pesquisas sem acesso na íntegra. A seleção final resulta em 45 estudos para análise descritiva temática, com quatro categorias, sendo elas: (a) educação antirracista; (b) antirracismo e feminismo; (c) antirracismo e interseccionalidade; e, (d) antirracismo e decolonialidade. É resultado do estudo o embasamento teórico em literatura nacional e internacional feminista negra, com ênfase na interseccionalidade entre gênero, raça e classe, bem como a necessidade do diálogo com epistemologias decoloniais e uma educação antirracista em prol de uma sociedade equitativa em gênero e raça.
Management of residual volumes in intermittent medication infusions in hospitals: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Rout Joan , Brysiewicz Petra , Essack Sabiha 
Published: November 2024

Background: Administration of intermittent medication through intravenous infusions is common practice. However, recent literature questions whether current practices deliver full doses of prescribed medications. Objective: This protocol outlines the methodology intended to profile literature describing management of residual volume in medication administration lines. Methods: The proposed review will use Joanna Briggs Institute scoping review methodology to scope the literature, following a six-step framework. Searches will be conducted in electronic databases, and websites of societies providing guidelines for intravenous therapy. Three reviewers will use the ‘PCC’ framework to carry out two levels of screening. Results will be tabulated, described, and discussed in a narrative analysis. Conclusion: This review will improve understanding of current practices by examining flushing procedures used in the management of residual volume, identifying instances when residual volume is discarded, documenting effects on dosing, examining the impact on patient outcomes, and examining possible environmental harm from waste disposal of undelivered medication.
The Association between Rheumatic Diseases and the Risk of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Analysis
Authors: Wang Jing , Zhou Qi 
Published: November 2024

Aims/Background The association between rheumatic immune diseases and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) remains elusive. The purpose of this study was to investigate the causal relationship between rheumatic immune diseases and the risk of PCOS through a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. Methods In the assessment of exposure variables, we chose systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), polymyositis (PM), and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) as representative rheumatic immune diseases, while PCOS was designated as the outcome of interest. All data utilized in this investigation were obtained from the Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit (MRC-IEU) database. A two-sample MR analysis was conducted using summary statistics for both the exposure and outcome variables, which were gathered from the genome-wide association study (GWAS) datasets. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) significantly associated with rheumatic diseases were selected as instrumental variables (IVs) to estimate the causal effects on PCOS. The final results were analyzed using five MR analysis methods, namely MR-Egger, inverse variance weighted (IVW), weighted median (WM), simple mode, and weighted mode. Causal estimation of MR was primarily obtained using the IVW method. Sensitivity analyses were also conducted to evaluate pleiotropy and heterogeneity. Results In this two-sample MR analysis, a total of 1,000,246 participants were included. Among them, there were 647 cases of SLE, 44 cases of PM, 5539 cases of RA, and 797 cases of PCOS. The IVW approach indicated a causal relationship between RA and an increased risk of PCOS (odds ratio [OR] = 1.069, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.007–1.134, p = 0.041). The MR-Egger intercept and Cochran’s Q test (p > 0.005) further verified the stability of the MR results. However, no significant correlation was observed between the other two rheumatic immune diseases (PM and SLE) and the risk of developing PCOS (both p > 0.05). Conclusion This study suggests a potential causal association between RA and PCOS, while SLE and PM do not exhibit a causal association with PCOS, enhancing our comprehension of the etiological factors of PCOS and shedding light on prevention strategies for the disease. Additional research is required to elucidate the underlying biological mechanisms by which RA contributes to the progression of PCOS.