bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Role of routine uterine artery Doppler at 18–22 and 24–28 weeks' gestation following routine first‐trimester screening for pre‐eclampsia
Authors: Bonacina E. , Del Barco E. , Farràs A. , Dalmau M. , Garcia E. , Gleeson‐Vallbona L. , Serrano B. , Armengol‐Alsina M. , Catalan S. , Hernadez A. , San José M. , Miserachs M. , Millan P. , Garcia‐Manau P. , Carreras E. , Mendoza M. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTObjectivesTo assess the performance of mean uterine artery pulsatility index (UtA‐PI) at 18–22 and 24–28 weeks of gestation in the prediction of pre‐eclampsia (PE) and small‐for‐gestational age (SGA), and its role in reassessing the risk of PE and SGA in pregnancies screened for PE in the first trimester.MethodsThis was a retrospective observational cohort study of 4464 women with singleton pregnancy screened routinely for PE in the first trimester, using the Gaussian algorithm, from March 2019 to May 2021, and who underwent UtA‐PI assessment at 18–22 gestational weeks. Women were categorized as low risk or high risk based on the risk index obtained after first‐trimester screening for PE. In high‐risk patients, UtA‐PI was also assessed at 24–28 weeks of gestation. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value (NPV), positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio and area under the receiver‐operating‐characteristics curve were calculated to assess the performance of UtA‐PI at 18–22 and 24–28 weeks in predicting PE and SGA in the high‐risk group. In all participants, different UtA‐PI percentiles at 18–22 or 24–28 weeks, or their combination, were analyzed to explore their role in reassessing the risk of PE and SGA following first‐trimester PE screening.ResultsThe performance of UtA‐PI at 18–22 and 24–28 weeks in the high‐risk group was good for predicting preterm PE and preterm SGA, and excellent for predicting early‐onset PE and early‐onset SGA, with an NPV of > 97% for all outcomes. In the low‐risk group, UtA‐PI ≥ 95th percentile at 18–22 weeks' gestation identified a subgroup of pregnancies with a significantly higher risk of preterm SGA compared to the low‐risk group. In the high‐risk group, UtA‐PI < 60th percentile at 18–22 weeks' gestation, UtA‐PI < 85th percentile at 24–28 weeks' gestation, and UtA‐PI < 85th percentile at 24–28 weeks' gestation in women with UtA‐PI ≥ 60th percentile at 18–22 weeks, identified subgroups of pregnancies with a risk of PE and SGA comparable to that of the low‐risk group.ConclusionsThe performance of UtA‐PI at 18–22 and 24–28 gestational weeks in high‐risk pregnancies identified during first‐trimester screening for PE is similar to that in the general population. The risk of PE and SGA in a high‐risk cohort can be reassessed by measuring UtA‐PI at 18–22 weeks, 24–28 weeks or both, allowing adjustment of follow‐up, particularly de‐escalation of care. © 2024 The Author(s). Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
Synthesis of polystyrene colloidal nanoparticles and investigation of their hydrophobic properties on the flotation of phosphorus
Authors: Hassanjani‐roshan Amir , Emadoddin Esmaeil , Vaezi Mohammadreza , Koohestani Hassan 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPolystyrene is a synthetic polymer and one of the most widely used polymers in various industries, which is produced in different ways from styrene monomer. This research aims to synthesize polystyrene nanoparticles (NPS) by emulsion polymerization and to investigate their effect on phosphorus flotation. For this purpose, styrene monomer, dodecyl sulfate, and potassium persulfate were used. In the following, the impact of two parameters, including the volume of styrene monomer and reaction time, on the characteristics of nanoparticles was investigated with different analyses. X‐ray diffraction analysis results showed that NPS was formed with an amorphous structure. Increasing the monomer volume increased NPS particle size to 70 nm, accelerating nuclei growth. Expanding the time also had a similar effect and increased the size of the nanoparticles. By dynamic light scattering analysis, the size distribution of the synthesized NPS was about 74.3 nm with narrow dispersion. The wettability of NPS was also investigated and the sample synthesized in 6 h with 9 cc of styrene monomer had the highest wetting angle of about 106°. In the direct flotation of phosphorus, using NPS increased the grade of phosphorus up to 15.1% (34.6% P2O5).
Influence of the manufacturing strategy on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Invar 36 alloy parts manufactured by CMT-WAAM
Authors: Iturrioz Amaia , Ukar Eneko , Pereira Juan Carlos 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe influence of the manufacturing strategy of Invar 36 alloy parts manufactured by Directed Energy Deposition by Arc (DED-Arc) also known as wire and arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) using cold metal transfer (CMT) technology has been investigated. This study focuses on the influence of applying different deposition strategies on the resulting microstructure and mechanical properties. As manufacturing costs and time are critical issues which determine the business case in WAAM applications, it is important to use the smallest possible amount of feedstock material. Therefore, different manufacturing strategies are used to obtain the variable wall thicknesses required for each part preform using WAAM as a manufacturing route. Differences in manufacturing temperature and thermal history due to different deposition strategies have been recorded. Deep microstructural analysis in as-built condition revealed that granular alignment and the crystallographic texture obtained differ between deposition strategies studied. This is the reason why there are differences in the mechanical properties, such as yield strength, ultimate tensile strength, elongation, and hardness, of the different strategies analyzed. The results revealed that the higher strength is obtained in three overlapped weld beads for the walls (514 and 581 MPa in building direction and perpendicular direction, respectively), compared to single weld bead wall (481 and 489 MPa), circular single weld bead wall (460 and 484 MPa), and meandering weld bead wall (467 and 439 MPa). The opposite is true for elongation, which is a typical correlation between strength and ductility in Fe-based alloys, having the highest elongation in the meandering weld bead wall (26 and 30%) and circular single weld bead (30 and 27%) compared to single weld bead wall (27 and 23%) and three overlapped weld bead wall (23 and 20%). It can therefore be concluded that an Invar 36 alloy part manufactured by CMT-WAAM with different strategies will have different mechanical properties, having a difference in ultimate tensile strength of 54 MPa and 142 MPa, and in elongation of 7% and 10% in building direction and perpendicular direction, respectively, between the most and the least resistant zone.
Application of various grains shells (coffee husk, cocoa bean husk, rice hull, buckwheat hull) to enhance the mash filtration and sensory characteristics of wheat beer
Authors: Cioch-Skoneczny Monika , Cempa Arkadiusz , Klimczak Krystian , Poreda Aleksander 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe study explored the potential of using various grain shells (coffee bean husk, cocoa bean husk, rice hull and buckwheat hull) as a filtration aid in wheat beer brewing. The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of these waste materials on the physicochemical and sensory properties of the resulting beer. This is in line with zero-waste movement, which focuses on reduction of post-production waste products, or their reuse. Different doses of grain shells (50 g and 100 g) were added to the mash, and the resulting worts were compared to a control without any additives. The performed analyses were fermentation dynamics, alcohol content, real extract, free amino nitrogen, titratable acidity, color, and sensory evaluation. Results show that the addition of coffee bean husk, cocoa bean husk, and rice hull positively influenced the overall quality of the beer. However, buckwheat hulls had detrimental effects on sensory characteristics. This study highlights the potential of utilizing waste materials in the brewing industry to both, obtain a beer with desired sensory characteristics, and aid in the filtration process.
Graphical abstract
On formation and breakup of jets during droplet impact on oscillating substrates
Authors: Potnis Aditya , Saha Abhishek 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Droplet impact on substrates is the cornerstone of several processes relevant to many industrial applications. Imposing substrate oscillation modifies the impact dynamics and can, therefore, be used to control the ensuing heat, mass, and energy transfer between the substrate and the impacting droplet. Previous research has shown that substrate oscillation strongly influences the spreading behavior of the droplet. In this study, we extend this understanding to examine how substrate oscillations can further modulate the retraction dynamics of the droplet, consequently affecting its long-term behavior, with a particular focus on induced jetting and subsequent breakup. We systematically examine the breakup of jets formed by the recoiling droplet through experimental investigations across a range of oscillation frequencies and amplitudes. Our findings reveal two distinct jet breakup modes: early and late, each governed by different time scales. Subsequently, we present a mechanistic description of the jetting process. Furthermore, we derive a simple scaling analysis based on energy balance to identify the critical condition required for jet breakup. Finally, we compare the experimental data with the scaling analyses to show its efficacy.
Warm saltwater inflows strengthen oxygen depletion in the western Baltic Sea
Authors: Barghorn Leonie , Meier H. E. Markus , Radtke Hagen , Neumann Thomas , Naumov Lev 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Hypoxia is a major environmental threat for coastal seas, including the strongly-stratified Baltic Sea in northern Europe. There, a pronounced increase in nutrient loads since the 1950s led to the development of one of the largest hypoxic areas worldwide. So far, other drives of hypoxia, like the increase in water temperatures due to global warming, have been considered minor compared to eutrophication. We show, by analyzing 159-years long hindcast simulations of three different Baltic Sea models, that exceptional warming trends in deep water layers of the western Baltic Sea deteriorated the local oxygen conditions. The above-average warming is only to a small extent attributed directly to global warming, but mainly to a shift in the seasonality of saltwater inflows from the North Sea towards more warm summer and early autumn inflows. Hence, we identify a so far unknown driver of oxygen depletion in the western Baltic Sea with potentially serious ecological consequences.
Single cell transcriptomics profiling of the stromal cells in the pathologic association of ribosomal proteins in the ischemic myocardium and epicardial fat
Authors: Thai An , Doescher Christian , Kamal Nawfal , Teramoto Darren , Fung Cameron , Cha Ed , La Vy , Cheng Pauline , Sedighim Sharona , Keklikian Angelo , Thankam Finosh G. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Sustenance of ischemia in the surviving cardiac tissue following myocardial infarction (MI) elicits a proinflammatory milieu resulting in subsequent pathological episodes. Also, the activation and release of ribosomal proteins under ischemic insults have been unveiled; however, their extra ribosomal functions are unknown. We identified the ribosomal proteins including RPL10A, RPL14, RPL30, RPS18, FAU-40 (RPS30), and RPSA (Laminin Receptor, LR) in the vesicles of ischemia challenged epicardial adipose tissue derived stromal cells (EATDS). The present study aimed to assess the association of these proteins in the epicardial adipose tissues (EAT) and left ventricular (LV) myocardium and isolated stromal cells (EATDS and LVSCs) from hyperlipidemic (HL), MI and coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) swine models. The findings revealed an upregulation of RPL10A, RPL14, RPL30, RPS18, RPS30, and RPSA in the LV tissues of CABG and HL swine with a concomitant reduction in the MI group. RPS30 displayed similar upregulation in EAT, whereas the expression of other ribosomal proteins was not significantly altered. Additionally, the ischemic LVSCs and EATDS displayed altered expression status of these genes compared to the control. Also, the RPS18 + , RPL30 + and RPSA + LVSCs favored ischemia and revealed similar anti-inflammatory and regenerative sub-phenotypes reflecting the protective/survival mechanisms. Further understanding regarding the underlying molecular mechanisms and functions of these ribosomal proteins offers immense translational opportunities in the better management of ischemic cardiac complications.
$${\mathscr {A}}$$-free truncation and higher integrability of minimisers
Authors: Schiffer Stefan 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
We show higher integrability of minimisers of functionals

$$\begin{aligned} I(u) = \int _{\Omega } f(x,u(x)) ~d x \end{aligned}$$

I

(
u
)

=

∫
Ω

f

(
x
,
u

(
x
)

)

d
x

subject to a differential constraint

$${\mathscr {A}} u=0$$

A
u
=
0

under natural p-growth and p-coercivity conditions for f and regularity assumptions on

$$\Omega $$

Ω

. For the differential operator

$${\mathscr {A}}$$

A

we asssume a rather abstract truncation property that, for instance, holds for operators

$${\mathscr {A}}=\textrm{curl}$$

A
=
curl

and

$${\mathscr {A}}=\textrm{div}$$

A
=
div

. The proofs are based on the comparison of the minimiser to the truncated version of the minimiser.
Behçet’s disease: incidence, prevalence, and real-word data on the use of biologic agents in Japan
Authors: Hisamatsu Tadakazu , Naganuma Makoto , Pinton Philippe , Takeno Mitsuhiro 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Behçet’s disease (BD) is an autoinflammatory disease that can affect multiple organs, including the gastrointestinal tract. Conventional management comprises anti-inflammatory drugs such as glucocorticoids (GCs) and/or immunomodulators that alleviate symptoms. The introduction of biological agents that target tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) has improved disease management. The goal of this work was to analyze the current prevalence and incidence of total BD and gastrointestinal Behçet’s disease (GIBD) in Japan, and examine treatment trends, especially regarding the use of TNF-α inhibitors (TNFαi).

Methods
We performed a retrospective descriptive observational study in which BD and GIBD demographic trends, medical treatment patterns, and reported adverse events (AEs) were assessed among patients with data recorded between 2017 and 2021 in the Japan Medical Data Center Claims Database (now JMDC Inc.).

Results
Prevalence of BD and GIBD in Japan during the observation period increased at an annual rate of + 3% and + 4%, respectively, while incidence decreased by − 5% and − 2%, with a more prominent decline in confirmed GIBD cases (− 15%). Although GCs were the most common initial treatment administered, use of TNFαi for BD and GIBD management increased by + 5.6% and + 8.1%, respectively. Severe AEs (mainly pneumonia and GI-associated AEs) were reported in 40% of patients receiving TNFαi; however, a high retention rate (of up to 80%) was observed 3 years after treatment initiation.

Conclusion
The use of TNFαi for GIBD treatment has increased in Japan in recent years. Additional research is necessary to further evaluate TNFαi effectiveness in GIBD and other BD subtypes.
Long-term tumor control following repeat gamma-knife radiosurgery of growing pituitary adenomas: a population-based cohort study
Authors: Lindberg Felicia , Gabri Alexander , Kristiansson Helena , Gubanski Michael , Höybye Charlotte , Olsson Martin , Förander Petter , Skyrman Simon , Lippitz Bodo , Fletcher-Sandersjöö Alexander , Bartek Jiri 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKRS) is a well-established treatment for residual or growing pituitary adenomas (PAs) post-partial resection. However, some PAs grow even after initial GKRS, for which the efficacy of repeat GKRS is unclear. The primary objective of this study was to determine long-term progression-free survival (PFS) following repeated GKRS in patients with PA. The secondary objective was to determine predictors of tumor progression in these patients.

Methods
Single-center, population-based consecutive cohort study of patients with recurrent PAs treated with repeated GKRS due to tumor progression between 1999 and 2022 at the Department of Neurosurgery, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden. PFS and predictors of tumor growth were assessed.

Results
23 patients were included, with a median follow-up time of 6.3 years. The 5-year PFS rate was 57%, and the median duration from repeat GKRS to tumor progression was 2.6 years. Tumor growth after repeat GKRS occurred exclusively within the first three years post-treatment. Older age at the time of repeat GKRS was a significant predictor of continued tumor growth (OR 1.09, p = 0.036).

Conclusion
Repeat GKRS is a feasible treatment alternative for PAs that exhibit growth following initial GKRS.
Archive and library special collections as proxy data: reconstructing the American chestnut blight through digitized collections
Authors: Wood Nicole 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This paper discusses the design and implications of a study that explored the potential for archives and library special collections to serve as historical environmental proxy data to support the reconstruction of the spatiotemporal spread of the American chestnut blight in Tennessee. By collecting, reconciling, and analyzing heterogeneous mundane primary source materials from 1904 to 1950, the major period of infection and tree loss, the case study reached beyond conventional evidence to ask new questions of nontraditional sources. QGIS and Python were used to reconcile and model nonstandardized and ambiguous natural-language keywords derived from these sources to identify trends and patterns that may not be evident from traditional document analysis. The paper argues that the contributions made by textual and visual information fragments found in these materials support an expansion of the term “proxy data” beyond what is currently understood as paleoclimate archives, i.e., physical, chemical, and biological materials preserved within the geologic record (USGS 2022). Such socially constructed records found in archives and library special collections offer additional qualitative and quantitative information about historical climate change to support modeling variable fluctuations over time. They can also provide a rich and dynamic context for the natural causes and human interventions that, in combination, act on the environment. However, the study also identifies significant limitations in the digital accessibility of relevant archival sources and a lack of specificity in their descriptions. These need to be addressed if integrating such source material into scientific studies is to become more widespread and scalable.
GDF15/MIC-1: a stress-induced immunosuppressive factor which promotes the aging process
Authors: Salminen Antero 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The GDF15 protein, a member of the TGF-β superfamily, is a stress-induced multifunctional protein with many of its functions associated with the regulation of the immune system. GDF15 signaling provides a defence against the excessive inflammation induced by diverse stresses and tissue injuries. Given that the aging process is associated with a low-grade inflammatory state, called inflammaging, it is not surprising that the expression of GDF15 gradually increases with aging. In fact, the GDF15 protein is a core factor secreted by senescent cells, a state called senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Many age-related stresses, e.g., mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum stresses as well as inflammatory, metabolic, and oxidative stresses, induce the expression of GDF15. Although GDF15 signaling is an effective anti-inflammatory modulator, there is robust evidence that it is a pro-aging factor promoting the aging process. GDF15 signaling is not only an anti-inflammatory modulator but it is also a potent immunosuppressive enhancer in chronic inflammatory states. The GDF15 protein can stimulate immune responses either non-specifically via receptors of the TGF-β superfamily or specifically through the GFRAL/HPA/glucocorticoid pathway. GDF15 signaling stimulates the immunosuppressive network activating the functions of MDSCs, Tregs, and M2 macrophages and triggering inhibitory immune checkpoint signaling in senescent cells. Immunosuppressive responses not only suppress chronic inflammatory processes but they evoke many detrimental effects in aged tissues, such as cellular senescence, fibrosis, and tissue atrophy/sarcopenia. It seems that the survival functions of GDF15 go awry in persistent inflammation thus promoting the aging process and age-related diseases.
New alternative approaches to stroke treatment: the blood cell–derived secretome shows promise in individuals with obesity
Authors: Kotorová Klaudia , Končeková Jana , Bona Martin , Bonová Petra 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Ischaemic tolerance induced by remote ischaemic conditioning (RIC) has been extensively demonstrated in several preclinical models of cerebral ischaemia. However, animals with common stroke-related comorbidities do not benefit from the recent advances of RIC. Therefore, we investigated two alternative approaches for obese animals with stroke: (1) the efficacy of an additional round of the standard RIC protocol, and (2) the paracrine potential of the blood cell–derived secretome derived from RIC-induced healthy young rats. We found that a second round of remote ischaemic postconditioning (RIPostC) stimulus reduced neurodegeneration and exerted antioxidant effects but failed to decrease the infarct volume and alter glutamate homeostasis. However, when obese rats were administered the secretome from healthy, young RIC-stimulated rats, they exhibited improved neurological post-stroke outcomes. Intravenous administration of the tolerant secretome activated several endogenous mechanisms, including a reduction in the infarct volume and neurodegeneration in the penumbra. Furthermore, the blood cell–derived secretome accelerated brain-to-blood glutamate efflux in obese rats, and demonstrated antioxidant properties that may have contributed to the induction of tolerance in obese rats with stroke. These findings indicate that the blood cell–derived secretome has unique abilities and represents a new potential treatment for individuals with obesity and ischaemic stroke.