bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sensory profile, consumer acceptance, and physicochemical properties of pan bread made with imported or domestic commercial wheat flour
Authors: Kwak Han Sub , Kim Mi Jeong , Kim Sang Sook 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe objectives of this study were to investigate the influence of wheat origin (domestic versus imported) on the sensory profile, consumer acceptability, and physicochemical properties of pan bread. The physicochemical and textural properties of pan bread made from imported wheat flours were not different from those made with domestic wheat flours. The sensory profiles of breads differed depending on wheat origin. Pan bread from imported wheat flours and domestic wheat flour from large milling companies showed a similar sensory profile. However, domestic wheat flour containing some brans and originating from mid‐size companies had a strong cereal odor/flavor, yeasty flavor, powdery mouthfeel aftertaste, and crumbliness. In consumer tests, highly accepted domestic samples showed an increment of purchase intent (PI) between the blind and informed tests, but there was no change in PI for imported samples. Consumers seemed to value the country of origin for domestic wheat flour only for the highly accepted samples. Therefore, high quality domestic wheat flour can meet the consumer expectations and increase PI.Practical applicationCountry of origin is one of the marketing points for the food industry to attract consumers. Food manufacturers should consider consumer acceptance. Even though they advertise the use of domestic ingredients in their products, consumers would not change their PI dramatically for low accepted food products. Consumers give additional value to food products made from domestic ingredients only if these products attain certain levels of acceptability. Unconditional ethnocentrism for food products made from domestic ingredients does not exist. Therefore, the industry should consider that consumer acceptance of products must meet consumer expectations in order to maximize the advantage of the country of origin for foods with domestic ingredients.
Awareness of chronic viral hepatitis in the United States: An update from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Authors: Kim Hyun‐seok , Yang Ju Dong , El‐Serag Hashem B. , Kanwal Fasiha 
Published: January 2019

SummaryThe World Health Organization has set the goal of reducing the hepatitis‐related mortality rate by 65% between 2015 and 2030. Diagnosis and awareness of infection is the first essential step towards achieving this goal. Our study examined the current awareness rate of chronic viral hepatitis in the United States and the potentially associated factors. In the National Health Nutrition and Examination Survey 2013‐2016, there were 11 488 persons who participated in serology testing for chronic viral hepatitis. We defined chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection by HbsAg, HBV past exposure by anti‐HBc and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection by HCV RNA. At risk for significant fibrosis was determined by AST to Platelet Ratio Index >0.7. Awareness of chronic HBV infection, past HBV exposure and HCV infection were present in 33.9%, 11.7% and 55.6% of participants, respectively. Among HCV‐infected baby boomers, the awareness was in 61.5%. The awareness of HBV infection was significantly higher in individuals with high education level. Age group (40‐60 years), women, non‐Black race/ethnicity and those with high household income who were born in the United States with insurance plans tend to be aware of their infection. For HCV, awareness was the lowest in Hispanics and Asians, foreign‐born who lived below the federal poverty level and low education level. Awareness among chronic viral hepatitis patients at risk for significant fibrosis was 62.0% in HBV and 38.2% in HCV infection. In conclusion, current awareness of chronic viral hepatitis in the United States remains suboptimal. Active public health policy to identify persons at risk and provide appropriate management is warranted.
Why ethnic parties? A new theory of ethnic minority political strategy in Europe
Authors: Koev Dan 
Published: January 2019

AbstractWhy do some ethnic minority groups in Europe form ethnic minority parties (EMPs), while others work within established, mainstream parties? I argue that an ethnic minority group's historical background influences its political engagement strategies. I propose that native groups (those that inhabited the territory of the modern‐day state in which they reside prior to that state's establishment), groups with territorial attachment (historical concentration in particular regions of the state) and groups with historical experiences of autonomy are more likely to form successful parties. Groups perceiving themselves as native to their state and that have enjoyed autonomy are more likely to feel entitled to the unique form of representation provided by an EMP. I test my theoretical expectations on an original data set of elections in European states in the period 1990 to 2012, finding that the three historical variables working in conjunction exert a strong positive influence on EMP entry and success.
Are school‐based physical activity interventions effective and equitable? A meta‐analysis of cluster randomized controlled trials with accelerometer‐assessed activity
Authors: Love Rebecca , Adams Jean , van Sluijs Esther M. F. 
Published: January 2019

SummaryThe prevalence of childhood obesity is increasing at epidemic rates globally, with widening inequalities between advantaged and disadvantaged groups. Despite the promise of schools as a universal context to access and influence all children, the potential of school‐based interventions to positively impact children's physical activity behaviour, and obesity risk, remains uncertain. We searched six electronic databases to February 2017 for cluster randomized trials of school‐based physical activity interventions. Following data extraction, authors were sent re‐analysis requests. For each trial, a mean change score from baseline to follow‐up was calculated for daily minutes of accelerometer‐assessed moderate‐to‐vigorous physical activity (MVPA), for the main effect, by gender, and by socio‐economic position (SEP). Twenty‐five trials met the inclusion criteria; 17 trials provided relevant data for inclusion in the meta‐analyses. The pooled main effect for daily minutes of MVPA was nonexistent and nonsignificant. There was no evidence of differential effectiveness by gender or SEP. This review provides the strongest evidence to date that current school‐based efforts do not positively impact young people's physical activity across the full day, with no difference in effect across gender and SEP. Further assessment and maximization of implementation fidelity is required before it can be concluded that these interventions have no contribution to make.
Sclerosing odontogenic carcinoma – what we know so far
Authors: O'Connor R.C. , Khurram S.A. , Singh T. , Jones K. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractSclerosing odontogenic carcinoma (SOC) was described in 2008 and is recognised as a malignant odontogenic tumour in the World Health Organisation classification of head and neck tumours. Nine cases have been reported including six in the mandible and three in the maxilla. After initial controversy over whether SOC was a variant of an odontogenic tumour or a separate entity, it is now established as a distinct entity with an infiltrative and invasive pattern but is usually a diagnosis of exclusion as other odontogenic neoplasms should be ruled out first. They are low‐grade tumours most commonly exhibiting perineural and soft tissue invasion, but distant metastases have not been reported. Treatment varies from radical resection, neck dissection and radiotherapy to enucleation or curettage with no adjuvant treatment. There has been one reported recurrence, occurring eight months after curettage, which was treated with segmental mandibular resection, but no incidences of disease‐related mortality. We report a case of SOC initially treated as an odontogenic fibroma by enucleation. Once the diagnosis of SOC was confirmed, local excision without neck dissection or radiotherapy was undertaken. The patient remains disease‐free, suggesting local excision might be sufficient treatment. Treatment standardisation cannot be possible without more reported cases.
Emotional Intentionality and the Attitude‐content Distinction
Authors: Mitchell Jonathan 
Published: January 2019

AbstractTypical emotions share important features with paradigmatic intentional states and therefore might admit of distinctions made in theory of intentionality. One such distinction is between attitude and content, where we can specify the content of an intentional state separately from its attitude, and therefore, the same content can be taken up by different intentional attitudes. According to some philosophers, emotions do not admit of this distinction, although there has been no sustained argument for this claim. In this article, I argue that the way values figure in emotional experience qualifies the content of emotional experience such that the attitude‐content distinction cannot be applied.
Georeferenced underwater photogrammetry to map marine habitats and submerged artificial structures
Authors: Abadie Arnaud , Boissery Pierre , Viala Christophe 
Published: January 2019

AbstractOver the past decade, underwater photogrammetry has been experiencing an increased interest due to the enhancement of camera performance and computing power. This study describes the test of two new methods to perform georeferenced underwater photogrammetry. The first one uses the coupling between photogrammetry by scuba diving and positioning with acoustic data from a multibeam echo sounder; the second one utilises direct positioning technology with a surface floating device (photogrammetric platform). When compared with one another, the platform had a higher mapping efficiency, while being limited by depth and underwater visibility. Georeferenced underwater photogrammetry is expected to have a wide range of applications in the field of marine habitats’ conservation such as seagrass meadows and the survey of submerged man‐made structures such as artificial reefs and port infrastructure.
Impact of humor‐related communication elements in natural dyadic interactions on interpersonal physiological synchrony
Authors: Lackner Helmut K. , Feyaerts Kurt , Rominger Christian , Oben Bert , Schwerdtfeger Andreas , Papousek Ilona 
Published: January 2019

AbstractEvidence suggests that in dyadic conversations some alignment occurs at the physiological level, but relatively little is known about the conditions that may facilitate physiological synchrony of two interlocutors. In the present interdisciplinary study, the impact of specific linguistic features of ongoing dialogues—the use of humor‐related communication elements—was examined in 24 male dyads who were meeting for the first time. Heart rate synchrony was quantified using phase synchronization, which reflects the degree of moment‐to‐moment adjustments that occur between the two persons of a dyad. Comical hypotheticals and verbal amplifiers were identified and quantified using cognitive‐linguistic methods of corpus analysis. Additionally, smiles following these communication elements were identified using the Facial Action Coding System. The data showed that the heart rate time series of the two interlocutors were to some extent synchronized in phase, and that the magnitude of this synchronization exceeded what had to be expected by chance. The strength of heart rate synchrony in a dyad was the higher the more comical hypotheticals were produced, independently from how much the two conversation partners were in sum talking to each other. A similar observation was made for verbal amplifiers, but their effect depended on whether they were perceived (and acknowledged by a smile) as humorous. The findings are in line with the more general notion that physiological synchrony may be enhanced by shared experience and suggest that the use of (reciprocated) humor may speed up the building of rapport among communication partners.
Do emojis influence social interactions? Neural and behavioral responses to affective emojis in bargaining situations
Authors: Weiß Martin , Gutzeit Julian , Rodrigues Johannes , Mussel Patrick , Hewig Johannes 
Published: January 2019

AbstractEmojis are nowadays a common substitute for real facial expressions to integrate emotions in social interaction. In certain contexts, emojis possibly could also transport information beyond emotions, reflecting interindividual differences or social aspects. In this study, we investigated the influence of emojis as socioemotional feedback stimuli on behavior and neural responses in a social decision game. We modified the Ultimatum Game by including emotional feedback provided by the proposer as response to the decision of the participant as receiver. Therefore, we generated identities that differed in their feedback behavior to identify differences in the processing of emotional feedback in a positive (acceptance) versus negative (rejection) frame. Regarding offer sizes, we replicated the valence effect of feedback‐related negativity for small offer sizes evoking more negative brain potentials compared to larger ones. Further, we found an effect of affective emojis on distinct ERPs: A face‐detecting neural component (N170) was examined to be a part of the processing of emojis, which resulted in significantly more negative amplitudes in response to a sad‐looking emoji compared to smiling and neutral ones. Furthermore, P3 amplitudes indicate transmission effects from the feedback emoticons to the neural processing of different offer sizes. In contrast to previous findings, P3 responses of our subjects did not depend on the offer size, but rather by which kind of partner they were made. Since some evaluative processes did not reveal any effects, emojis seem to be less effective than real facial expressions, which convey more information that is socially meaningful.
Older patients’ experiences of nurse‐to‐nurse collaboration between hospital and primary health care in the care chain for older people
Authors: Lemetti Terhi , Voutilainen Päivi , Stolt Minna , Eloranta Sini , Suhonen Riitta 
Published: January 2019

BackgroundNurse‐to‐nurse collaboration between nurses working in hospital and primary health care in the older people care chain is essential to ensure the continuity of care. The nature of good collaboration in this context is understood usually from the perspective of collaborating nurses. However, there seems to be a lack of research about this collaboration from the older patient's perspective who are at the centre of the collaboration.Aims and objectivesTo describe older patient's experiences of the collaboration between hospital and primary healthcare nurses delivering care to older people.DesignA qualitative approach based on a descriptive phenomenological methodology was used.MethodsIndividual interviews were conducted using a purposeful sample of older patients (n = 18) who were cared for both in hospital and primary healthcare organisations. A qualitative data analysis method informed by Giorgi was used.ResultsThe essence of the experience of nurse‐to‐nurse collaboration between hospital and primary health care was expressed as follows: the meaning of collaboration; the elements of collaboration valued; the visibility of collaboration; older patient involvement in collaboration; interaction within collaboration; and future expectations of collaboration.ConclusionsAlthough nurse‐to‐nurse collaboration between hospital and primary health care was not often visible to older patients, they highlighted the importance of this collaboration to ensure the continuity of care. The participants would have liked to be part of the collaborating group, at the centre of care, cared for by motivated nurses who had a clear understanding of their patients’ health status. This study emphasises the need for improving collaboration between hospital and primary healthcare nurses by making it more visible and facilitating older patients’ participation. The results demonstrate the need to understand patient perspectives in the development of care and the services provided for older people.
Chronic exercise mitigates disease mechanisms and improves muscle function in myotonic dystrophy type 1 mice
Authors: Manta Alexander , Stouth Derek W. , Xhuti Donald , Chi Leon , Rebalka Irena A. , Kalmar Jayne M. , Hawke Thomas J. , Ljubicic Vladimir 
Published: January 2019

Key points
Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1), the second most common muscular dystrophy and most prevalent adult form of muscular dystrophy, is characterized by muscle weakness, wasting and myotonia.
A microsatellite repeat expansion mutation results in RNA toxicity and dysregulation of mRNA processing, which are the primary downstream causes of the disorder.
Recent studies with DM1 participants demonstrate that exercise is safe, enjoyable and elicits benefits in muscle strength and function; however, the molecular mechanisms of exercise adaptation in DM1 are undefined.
Our results demonstrate that 7 weeks of volitional running wheel exercise in a pre‐clinical DM1 mouse model resulted in significantly improved motor performance, muscle strength and endurance, as well as reduced myotonia.
At the cellular level, chronic physical activity attenuated RNA toxicity, liberated Muscleblind‐like 1 protein from myonuclear foci and improved mRNA alternative splicing.
AbstractMyotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) is a trinucleotide repeat expansion neuromuscular disorder that is most prominently characterized by skeletal muscle weakness, wasting and myotonia. Chronic physical activity is safe and satisfying, and can elicit functional benefits such as improved strength and endurance in DM1 patients, but the underlying cellular basis of exercise adaptation is undefined. Our purpose was to examine the mechanisms of exercise biology in DM1. Healthy, sedentary wild‐type (SED‐WT) mice, as well as sedentary human skeletal actin‐long repeat animals, a murine model of DM1 myopathy (SED‐DM1), and DM1 mice with volitional access to a running wheel for 7 weeks (EX‐DM1), were utilized. Chronic exercise augmented strength and endurance in vivo and in situ in DM1 mice. These alterations coincided with normalized measures of myopathy, as well as increased mitochondrial content. Electromyography revealed a 70–85% decrease in the duration of myotonic discharges in muscles from EX‐DM1 compared to SED‐DM1 animals. The exercise‐induced enhancements in muscle function corresponded at the molecular level with mitigated spliceopathy, specifically the processing of bridging integrator 1 and muscle‐specific chloride channel (CLC‐1) transcripts. CLC‐1 protein content and sarcolemmal expression were lower in SED‐DM1 versus SED‐WT animals, but they were similar between SED‐WT and EX‐DM1 groups. Chronic exercise also attenuated RNA toxicity, as indicated by reduced (CUG)n foci‐positive myonuclei and sequestered Muscleblind‐like 1 (MBNL1). Our data indicate that chronic exercise‐induced physiological improvements in DM1 occur in concert with mitigated primary downstream disease mechanisms, including RNA toxicity, MBNL1 loss‐of‐function, and alternative mRNA splicing.
Supporting children and young people when making decisions about joining clinical trials: qualitative study to inform multimedia website development
Authors: Martin-Kerry Jacqueline M , Knapp Peter , Atkin Karl , Bower Peter , Watt Ian , Stones Catherine , Higgins Steven , Sheridan Rebecca , Preston Jenny , Horton Taylor Danielle , Baines Paul , Young Bridget 
Published: January 2019

ObjectivesTo understand stakeholders’ views regarding the content and design of paediatric clinical trial multimedia websites. To describe how this knowledge informed the development of the multimedia websites.DesignQualitative study comprising two rounds of interviews or focus groups, with thematic analysis of interview transcripts.ParticipantsSixty-two people (21 children and young people with long-term health conditions, 24 parents and 17 professionals).SettingOne UK children’s hospital and one UK Young Persons’ Advisory Group.ResultsWhen asked what was important in deciding whether to join a trial, children, young people and parents prioritised information about what participation would involve, what the trial was testing, potential benefits and risks of participation and knowing they could leave the trial if they later changed their minds. Young people and parents trusted trial teams to follow regulatory and quality requirements and therefore did not think such information was a priority for the websites, although logos of trusted organisations could lend credibility. Professionals largely concurred with these views. Children and young people advised on the importance of designing the multimedia website to ensure its appearance, tone and wording suited the intended audience and on using animated characters to facilitate children’s engagement.ConclusionsOur study provides insights into the information that families value when deciding about healthcare trial participation. It provides guidance on the design of information resources to appeal to children and young people, while also being acceptable to parents and professionals who are often gatekeepers of children’s access to information. Our findings will be of use to others developing similar multimedia websites. We report specific information needs and new visual preferences that are not usually addressed in printed trial information. Our work illustrates what qualitative research and participatory design practices can contribute to the development of information resources more generally.Trial registration numberISRCTN73136092; Pre-results.
Novel technique to manage pacemaker exposure with buried flap reconstruction: case series﻿
Authors: Tiwari Raja , Marwah Shruti , Roy Ambuj , Singhal Maneesh 
Published: January 2019

ObjectiveExposure of implantable electrical devices may increase morbidity and mortality significantly. Usually superficial infections are conservatively managed whereas invasive infections necessitate complete capsulectomy, sub-pectoral placement or implant exchange. Most commonly inadequate soft tissue coverage, soft tissue thinning and scar dehiscence over the edge of the pacemaker are the primary predisposing event. Multiple local surgical options have been described, however, with all these designs, the final scar still remains over the edge of the pacemaker and continue to have a tendency of thinning out with time. We have described a local skin flap which can be de-epithelialized and partially buried under the skin to increase the thickness over the pacemaker edge, thereby preventing further recurrence.MethodsThree patients admitted in the Cardiology Department presented with impending exposure (n=2)and exposed implant (n=1) over the edge of pacemaker with superficial infection. Local modified rotation skin flap which was de-epithelialized and partially buried under the skin to increase the thickness over the pacemaker edge was performed under local anaesthesia in all the cases.ResultsFlaps settled well in all patients with no evidence of infection, scar dehiscence and recurrence over a follow-up period of 2 years.ConclusionsThis flap technique is recommended for cases of impending pacemaker exposure resulting due to scar dehiscence over the edge and helps by addressing the predisposing factors at an initial stage. In our experience, this technique also helped to salvage exposed pacemaker with superficial infection. To our bestof knowledge this technique has not been described before in the literature.