bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of five regions as DNA barcodes for identification of Lepista species (Tricholomataceae, Basidiomycota) from China
Authors: Wang Siyu , Guo Hongbo , Li JiaJia , Li Wei , Wang Qin , Yu Xiaodan 
Published: July 2019

Background
Distinguishing among species in the genus Lepista is difficult because of their similar morphologies.

Methods
To identify a suitable DNA barcode for identification of Lepista species, we assessed the following five regions: internal transcribed spacer (ITS), the intergenic spacer (IGS), nuclear ribosomal RNA subunit, mitochondrial small subunit rDNA, and tef1. A total of 134 sequences from 34 samples belong to eight Lepista species were analyzed. The utility of each region as a DNA barcode was assessed based on the success rates of its PCR amplification and sequencing, and on its intra- and inter-specific variations.

Results
The results indicated that the ITS region could distinguish all species tested. We therefore propose that the ITS region can be used as a DNA barcode for the genus Lepista. In addition, a phylogenetic tree based on the ITS region showed that the tested eight Lepista species, including two unrecognized species, formed eight separate and well-supported clades.
University-School Scenarios and Voices from Classrooms. Rethinking Collaboration within the Framework of an Interuniversity Project
Authors: Fernández-Díaz Elia , Gutiérrez Esteban Prudencia , Fernández Olaskoaga Lorea 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
This work presents the analysis of a proposal designed in the field of initial teacher training, the aim of which is to promote the presence of schools in a university context. With the objective of enabling students to experience practical and reflective learning, we have designed a process of interuniversity collaboration focused on horizontally developing interaction and the generation of knowledge. The deconstruction of the process, based on a narrative approach, has allowed us to open a space to reflect on the actions that encourage participation and exchange between undergraduate students from different universities and promote links with schools. The results show the transformations of the protagonists of the experience and of those who participated indirectly, redefining personal stories in the context of collaborative work and the improvement of our professional development. It also shows the implications of an interuniversity project, recounting the richness inherent in the mixture of geographical and cultural contexts involved. The dilemmas and critical incidents allow us to guide the introduction of improvements in the next cycle of collaboration.
Constructing an Instrument with Behavioral Scales to Assess Teaching Quality in Blended Learning Modalities
Authors: Matosas-López Luis , Aguado-Franco Juan Carlos , Gómez-Galán José 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The assessment of teaching quality in blended learning modalities has become a key element in the context of higher education. However, current evaluation systems present certain limitations. Behavioral scales overcome many of these limitations, offering an alternative for this task.
This study describes the process of constructing an assessment instrument with behavioral scales to evaluate university teachers in blended learning modalities, following the BARS (Behavioral Anchored Rating Scales) methodology. The design process included interviews and surveys involving a total of 477 students, as well as a panel of professors who were experts in this teaching modality.
The behavioral scales in the final instrument highlight the importance of certain particularly significant teaching-related aspects of blended learning models, namely: teacher-student communication; learning resources; course design; and the teacher’s technical competencies.
The authors conclude that the final instrument provides clear and unambiguous feedback, enables the teacher to take specific corrective measures, and reinforces the formative purpose of evaluation in these modalities.
Multicultural Competence and Cosmopolitan Citizenship in the Hispanic-Japanese Context of Higher Education
Authors: Delgado-Algarra Emilio José , Bernal-Bravo César , López-Meneses Eloy 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The increase in the internationalization of universities has been accompanied by an increase in multiculturalism in classrooms. Due to this situation, with the objective of knowing the conceptions of university professors around pluricultural competence and attending to the connection with their positioning in relation to the models of cosmopolitan citizenship; a mixed research is developed in the Hispanic-Japanese context of higher education, focusing attention on education and social sciences professors. In general, it is concluded that there are connections between the positioning of multiculturalism and cosmopolitan citizenship. Thus, the university professors of both countries highlight the advantages of cultural plurality in educational environments and, despite the fact that there is governmental support for academic internationalization, in the sample of Japanese professors, there is a greater concern about the preservation of national identity in cultural plurality.
Lean Startup as a Learning Methodology for Developing Digital and Research Competencies
Authors: Ávalos Carolina , Pérez-Escoda Ana , Monge Luis 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The acquisition of digital and research competencies for educating university students is a requirement that is becoming more relevant given the demands of today’s society. However, learning methodologies used by professors seem to be detached from reality, preventing the development of applicable learning, as well as the acquisition of those skills necessary in the twenty-first century. The main objective of the research is to analyze the Lean Startup method as a learning methodology in the creation of digital and research competencies in students from the UNED Costa Rica during the development of the course: Mixed Methods Research (MMR). The sample consisted of 531 individuals, teachers and students from different degrees of the School of Education from the UNED who took the course during the years 2015 to 2017. A mixed explanatory sequential design was used, with a theoretical part of an exploration of the method, a quantitative part (descriptive analysis and contrast of means) and another qualitative part by means of content analysis. The results showed the effectiveness of an innovative methodology such as Lean Startup in the development of digital and research skills, and the change of the teacher’s role in the teaching process.
Effect of Process Variables on the Transesterification Process of Palm Oil Sludge to Biodiesel
Authors: Aworanti O. A. , Ajani A. O. , Agarry S. E. , Babatunde K. A. , Akinwunmi O. D. 
Published: July 2019

In this research work, the optimum process variables (catalyst, methanol to oil ratio and reaction time) for transesterification of palm oil sludge (POS) to biodiesel were studied. The transesterification process was carried by mixture of palm oil sludge, methanol and catalyst with the help of magnetic stirrer at 300 rpm and at temperature of 60ºC. The catalyst used for the process was potassium hydroxide (KOH). One-Factor-at-A-Time was used to select the possible optimum levels of process variable that gives high biodiesel yield. The study was evaluated by five levels of methanol-to-oil ratio (1:1 – 12:1), catalyst (0.1- 2%) and reaction time (30 – 150 min).The optimum process variables for transesterification of palm oil sludge (POS) to achieved maximum biodiesel yield were found to be methanol to oil molar ratio of 12:1, catalyst loading of 1.5wt% and reaction time of 30 min. At this optimum conditions the maximum biodiesel yield was 61.2%. The biodiesel produced from transesterification of palm oil sludge was characterized in order to determine the properties of the product. The density of POS is 857.0 kg/m3, kinematic viscosity of 5.38 mm2/s, flash point of 180°C, pour point of -5°C, and Acid value of 0.17 mgKOH/g. The biodiesel produced from transesterification of palm oil sludge meets the EN 14214 and ASTM 6751 standard. Thus, this study will be helpful to determine an efficient and economical procedure for biodiesel production from non-edible raw materials with high free fatty acid.
The etiologies and prognosis associated with spinal cord infarction
Authors: Hsu Jung Lung , Cheng Mei‐Yun , Liao Ming‐Feng , Hsu Hui‐Ching , Weng Yi‐Ching , Chang Kuo‐Hsuan , Chang Hong‐Shiu , Kuo Hung‐Chou , Huang Chin‐Chang , Lyu Rong‐Kuo , Lin Kun‐Ju , Ro Long‐Sun 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundThis study aims to investigate the etiology and prognosis of spinal cord infarction (SCI).MethodsOver a period of 16 years, we retrospectively analyzed 31 patients with SCI. Demographic features and symptom presentations were carefully documented. Etiology‐specific MRI features, such as the length and distribution of the lesions and owl’s eyes sign, were recorded and analyzed to determine their associations with the clinical signs/symptoms.ResultsIn total, seven patients had aortic or vertebral artery dissections. We divided the patients with SCI into two groups: those with or without vessel dissection. Among SCI patients, the onset age was younger, and the proportion of patients with long‐segment lesions and posterior pattern involvement on axial view was higher in the group with dissection than in the group without dissection (all P < 0.05). The lesions were frequently located in the upper cervical or lower thoracic‐lumbar regions, and the lengths of the lesions were associated with 1‐month outcomes, suggesting that artery dissection may contribute to the longitudinal and posterior extension of SCI. In contrast, among patients without dissection, the range of longitudinal extensions of in spans of vertebral bodies was broader (range, 1–8). A higher proportion of patients had focal pain adjacent to the lesion (P = 0.05) and a poorer 1‐month outcome (P = 0.04) in the long‐segment lesion group than in the short‐segment lesion group.ConclusionsA detailed history and the use of modern imaging tools may help clinicians search for vessel dissection and other etiologies, evaluate the spatial extension of lesions in SCI, and predict prognosis.
Functional consequences of a KCNT1 variant associated with status dystonicus and early‐onset infantile encephalopathy
Authors: Gertler Tracy S. , Thompson Christopher H. , Vanoye Carlos G. , Millichap John J. , George Alfred L. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractObjectiveWe identified a novel de novo KCNT1 variant in a patient with early‐infantile epileptic encephalopathy (EIEE) and status dystonicus, a life‐threatening movement disorder. We determined the functional consequences of this variant on the encoded KNa1.1 channel to investigate the molecular mechanisms responsible for this disorder.MethodsA retrospective case review of the proband is presented. We performed manual and automated electrophysiologic analyses of the KCNT1‐L437F variant expressed heterologously in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells in the presence of channel activators/blockers.ResultsThe KCNT1‐L437F variant, identified in a patient with refractory EIEE and status dystonicus, confers a gain‐of‐function channel phenotype characterized by instantaneous, voltage‐dependent activation. Channel openers do not further increase L437F channel function, suggesting maximal activation, whereas channel blockers similarly block wild‐type and variant channels. We further demonstrated that KCNT1 current can be measured on a high‐throughput automated electrophysiology platform with potential value for future screening of novel and repurposed pharmacotherapies.InterpretationA novel pathogenic variant in KCNT1 associated with early‐onset, medication‐refractory epilepsy and dystonia causes gain‐of‐function with rapid activation kinetics. Our findings extend the genotype–phenotype relationships of KCNT1 variants to include severe dystonia.
Impact of Layer Configuration and Doping on Electron Transport and Bias Stability in Heterojunction and Superlattice Metal Oxide Transistors
Authors: Khim Dongyoon , Lin Yen‐Hung , Anthopoulos Thomas D. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe astonishing recent progress in the field of metal oxide thin‐film transistors (TFTs) and their debut in commercial displays is accomplished using vacuum‐processed multicomponent oxide semiconductors. However, emulating this success with their solution‐processable counterparts poses numerous scientific challenges. Here, the development of high mobility n‐channel TFTs based on ultrathin (<10 nm) alternating layers of In2O3 and ZnO that are sequentially deposited to form heterojunction and superlattice channels is reported. The resulting TFTs exhibit high electron saturation mobility (13 cm2 V−1 s−1), excellent current on/off ratios (>108) with nearly zero onset voltages and hysteresis‐free operation despite the low temperature processing (≤200 °C). The enhanced performance is attributed to the formation of a quasi‐2D electron gas‐like system at the In2O3/ZnO heterointerface due to the conduction band offset. It is shown that altering the oxide deposition sequence has an adverse effect on electron transport due to formation of trap states. Optimized multilayer TFTs are shown to exhibit improved bias‐stress stability compared to single‐layer TFTs. Modulating the electron concentration within the superlattice channel via selective n‐doping of the ZnO interlayers leads to almost 100% saturation mobility increase (≈25 cm2 V−1 s−1) even when the TFTs are fabricated on flexible plastic substrates.
Heat‐Free Fabrication of Metallic Interconnects for Flexible/Wearable Devices
Authors: Martin Andrew , Chang Boyce S. , Martin Zachariah , Paramanik Dipak , Frankiewicz Christophe , Kundu Souvik , Tevis Ian D. , Thuo Martin 
Published: July 2019

AbstractExploiting interfacial excess (Γ), Laplace pressure jump (ΔP), surface work, and coupling them to surface reactivity have led to the synthesis of undercooled metal particles. Metastability is maintained by a core–shell particle architecture. Fracture of the thin shell leads to solidification with concomitant sintering. Applying Scherer's constitutive model for load‐driven viscous sintering on the undercooled particles implies that they can form conductive traces. Combining metastability to eliminate heat and robustness of viscous sintering, an array of conductive metallic traces can be prepared, leading to plethora of devices on various flexible and/or heat sensitive substrates. Besides mechanical sintering, chemical sintering can be performed, which negates the need of either heat or load. In the latter, connectivity is hypothesized to occur via a Frenkel's theory of sintering type mechanism. This work reports heat‐free, ambient fabrication of metallic conductive interconnects and traces on all types of substrates.
Thermoreversible Siloxane Networks: Soft Biomaterials with Widely Tunable Viscoelasticity
Authors: Meng Yuan , Xu Weijing , Newman Maureen R. , Benoit Danielle S. W. , Anthamatten Mitchell 
Published: July 2019

AbstractPolysiloxane elastomers represent a widely utilized soft material with excellent rubber‐like elasticity, biocompatibility, and biodurability; however, there is a lack of an effective and straightforward approach to manipulate the material's viscoelastic response. A facile hydrosilylation reaction is employed to integrate ureidopyrimidinone hydrogen‐bonding side‐groups into linear and crosslinked siloxane polymers to achieve biocompatible soft materials with a highly tunable viscoelastic relaxation timescale. Stacking of H‐bonded moieties is avoided in the designed macromolecular architectures with tight, side‐groups substituents. The obtained siloxane network features the presence of both covalent crosslinks and truly thermoreversible crosslinks, and can be formulated across a broad material design space including elastic solids, recoverable viscoelastic solids, and viscous liquids. The elastomers exhibit unique temperature‐dependent shape‐memory capability and show good cytocompatibility. Importantly, a deformed material's shape‐recovery occurs regardless of external triggering, and through manipulation of network formulations, the shape‐recovery timescale can be easily tuned from seconds to days, opening new possibilities for biomedical, healthcare, and soft material applications.
Direct‐Laser‐Writing of Metal Sulfide‐Graphene Nanocomposite Photoelectrode toward Sensitive Photoelectrochemical Sensing
Authors: Ge Lei , Hong Qing , Li Hui , Liu Changchun , Li Feng 
Published: July 2019

AbstractHere, a facile approach for the in situ fabrication of metal sulfide (MS)‐graphene (G) nanocomposite, CdS‐G and PbS‐G, on indium−tin oxide (ITO) glass is demonstrated using a simple and scalable direct‐laser‐writing method in ambient air. Through the CO2 laser irradiation of a metal‐complex‐containing polyethersulfone layer on ITO glass, both the crystallization of laser‐induced MS (LIMS) and the formation of laser‐induced graphene (LIG) are synchronously achieved in one step, giving rise to a laser‐induced MS‐G nanocomposite photoelectrode, denoted as LI‐MS‐G@ITO. In such a laser‐scribing process, polyethersulfone not only acts as the carbon source to grow LIG but also provides an in situ source of S2− to produce LIMS with the aids of carbothermic reduction of sulfur element in polyethersulfone. The obtained LI‐MS‐G@ITO inherits the porous network architecture of polyethersulfone‐derived LIG, in which the LIMS nanocrystals uniformly decorate the multilayered graphene sheets with good dispersion, presenting a fast and stable photocurrent response with high reproducibility, which, as a proof‐of‐concept, further facilitates the use of a LI‐CdS‐G@ITO photoanode as an efficient transducer for photoelectrochemical detection of Cu2+ with high sensitivity and selectivity. This work can offer a universal and versatile protocol for the in situ and synchronous fabrication of novel MS‐G nanocomposites for sensitive photoelectrochemical analysis.
Independent Tuning of Optical Transparency Window and Electrical Properties of Epitaxial SrVO3 Thin Films by Substrate Mismatch
Authors: Mirjolet Mathieu , Vasili Hari Babu , López‐Conesa LLuís , Estradé Sònia , Peiró Francesca , Santiso José , Sánchez Florencio , Machado Pamela , Gargiani Pierluigi , Valvidares Manuel , Fontcuberta Josep 
Published: July 2019

AbstractTransparent metallic oxides are pivotal materials in information technology, photovoltaics, or even in architecture. They display the rare combination of metallicity and transparency in the visible range because of weak interband photon absorption and weak screening of free carriers to impinging light. However, the workhorse of current technology, indium tin oxide (ITO), is facing severe limitations and alternative approaches are needed. AMO3 perovskites, M being a nd1 transition metal, and A an alkaline earth, have a genuine metallic character and, in contrast to conventional metals, the electron–electron correlations within the nd1 band enhance the carriers effective mass (m*) and bring the transparency window limit (marked by the plasma frequency, ωp*) down to the infrared. Here, it is shown that epitaxial strain and carrier concentration allow fine tuning of optical properties (ωp*) of SrVO3 films by modulating m* due to strain‐induced selective symmetry breaking of 3d‐t2g(xy, yz, xz) orbitals. Interestingly, the DC electrical properties can be varied by a large extent depending on growth conditions whereas the optical transparency window in the visible is basically preserved. These observations suggest that the harsh conditions required to grow optimal SrVO3 films may not be a bottleneck for their future application.
Stretchable ECM Patch Enhances Stem Cell Delivery for Post‐MI Cardiovascular Repair
Authors: Kim In Gul , Hwang Mintai P. , Park Jin Sil , Kim Su‐Hyun , Kim Jung‐Hyun , Kang Hyo Jin , Subbiah Ramesh , Ko Ung Hyun , Shin Jennifer H. , Kim Chong‐Hyun , Choi Donghoon , Park Kwideok 
Published: July 2019

AbstractCurrent cell‐based therapies administered after myocardial infarction (MI) show limited efficacy due to subpar cell retention in a dynamically beating heart. In particular, cardiac patches generally provide a cursory level of cell attachment due to the lack of an adequate microenvironment. From this perspective, decellularized cell‐derived ECM (CDM) is attractive in its recapitulation of a natural biophysical environment for cells. Unfortunately, its weak physical property renders it difficult to retain in its original form, limiting its full potential. Here, a novel strategy to peel CDM off from its underlying substrate is proposed. By physically stamping it onto a polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel, the resulting stretchable extracellular matrix (ECM) membrane preserves the natural microenvironment of CDM, thereby conferring a biological interface to a viscoelastic membrane. Its various mechanical and biological properties are characterized and its capacity to improve cardiomyocyte functionality is demonstrated. Finally, evidence of enhanced stem cell delivery using the stretchable ECM membrane is presented, which leads to improved cardiac remodeling in a rat MI model. A new class of material based on natural CDM is envisioned for the enhanced delivery of cells and growth factors that have a known affinity with ECM.
1D Supercapacitors for Emerging Electronics: Current Status and Future Directions
Authors: Zhai Shengli , Karahan H. Enis , Wang Chaojun , Pei Zengxia , Wei Li , Chen Yuan 
Published: July 2019

Abstract1D supercapacitors (SCs) have emerged as promising candidates to power emerging electronics in recent years because of their unique advantages in energy storage and mechanical flexibility. There are four main research fronts in the development of 1D SCs: 1) enhancing mechanical characteristics, 2) achieving superior electrochemical performance, 3) enabling multiple device integration, and 4) demonstrating multifunctionality. Here, a brief history of 1D SCs is presented and significant research achievements regarding the four fronts identified as the main pillars of the development of 1D SCs are highlighted. The current challenges of the fabrication and utilization of 1D SCs are critically examined and potential solutions are analyzed. Plus, the performance inconsistencies arising from the improper use and extreme diversity of performance evaluation and reporting methods are highlighted. Beyond, perspectives on future efforts are provided and goals regarding the four research fronts are set, to further push 1D SCs toward practical applications. The development of 1D SCs is summarized here, with existing obstacles diagnosed, corresponding solutions proposed, and future directions indicated accordingly.