bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Emulsions stabilized by soy protein nanoparticles as potential functional non‐dairy yogurts
Authors: Sengupta Samadrita , Bhattacharyya Dipak K , Goswami Riddhi , Bhowal Jayati 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDRice bran oil and soy protein nanoparticles (SPNs) may be considered as novel functional food ingredients for soy yogurt production. Formulation of soy yogurt with SPNs and rice bran oil, which has significant physiological functions, will convert them into functional food products. This study was conducted to develop rice bran oil‐based soy protein nanoparticles emulsion (SPNE) and to evaluate physical properties, antioxidant activities, oxidative stability and microbiological load as well as textural attributes of SPNs incorporated yogurt (SPNY) during storage at 4 °C for 45 days.RESULTSSPNs were prepared from soy protein isolate of defatted soy flour. Solubilization, crystallization and ultrasonication was carried out six times. After the sixth cycle of repeated solubilizing, crystallization and ultrasonication, the size of nano protein was reduced to 72.42 ± 0.22 nm from 586.72 ± 0.75 nm (after first cycle). Viscosity, penetration values and water‐holding capacity of SPNs added to yogurt were decreased with increase in reduction size of SPNs. SPNs added to yogurt exhibited greater antiradical scavenging ability and ferric reducing antioxidant property than control yogurt. Fortified soy yogurt had significant higher oxidative stability and proteolytic activity.CONCLUSIONFortification of non‐dairy food products with SPNs, which has significant physiological functions, convert conventional soy yogurt into functional food products. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Arsenic interaction and bioaccumulation in food crops grown on degraded soil: Effect on plant nutritional components and other dietary qualities
Authors: Khan Sardar , Khan Anwarzeb , Khan Muhammad Amjad , Aamir Muhammad , Li Gang 
Published: June 2019

AbstractArsenic (As), being a toxic metalloid, is widely found in degraded land and severely affects the health of plants and human beings. Pot experiments were conducted to assess the effects of As on plant nutritional values (macronutrients and micronutrients). Three vegetables (potato, tomato, and lettuce), on the basis of taxonomic differences, were selected and grown on As degraded soils at four different concentrations (0, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 mg kg−1); additionally, the effect of Cd and Pb on the As uptake by plants was studied. The edible parts were analysed for As, Cd, Pb, and essential macronutrients (vitamin C, protein, N, P, and K) and micronutrients (Ca, Mg, Fe, and Mn). The As concentrations in lettuce, potato, and tomato were 0.76, 0.63, 0.57 mg kg−1, respectively, grown in soil with no contamination, whereas in contaminated vegetables, the concentration varied significantly depending upon the level of contamination. As interaction with Cd and Pb showed negative correlation, generally, with increasing of As concentration, the Cd and Pb concentrations decreased; however, this trend was not consistent for all treatments and selected plant species. The nutrient concentrations significantly (p < .001) varied in contaminated vegetables compared with the control. The amendments of As significantly (p < .01) increased the concentrations of Ca, N, and protein, whereas P and K concentrations were decreased. The correlation between As with Mn, Mg, and vitamin C depended upon the types of vegetables and the contamination levels. Mn contribution to the Recommended Dietary Allowance was significantly (p < .01) lower for contaminated vegetables, whereas less significant (p = .05) for Fe, Mg, P, and K and non‐significant for Ca, N, and protein for different age groups. It was observed that As degraded soil affected the quality and nutritional balance in vegetables and potentially the nutrient status of consumers. The nutrients degradation in contaminated vegetables was obviously higher because As concentration reduce soil to plant transfer of essential elements by forming metal‐oxide complexes.
Inexpensive high‐precision system for measuring air pressure fluctuations
Authors: Mohr Manuel , Laemmel Thomas , Maier Martin , Schindler Dirk 
Published: June 2019

AbstractSmall air pressure fluctuations (amplitude <10 Pa, frequency range 0.01–0.1 Hz) were simultaneously measured using an inexpensive differential air pressure sensor system and a significantly more expensive high‐precision absolute air pressure sensor reference. The measured air pressure fluctuations were compared and analysed in the time domain and in the time–frequency domain using the wavelet transform. Our analyses demonstrate that there are no significant differences between the measuring results of the two systems. The inexpensive system measures air pressure fluctuations with the same precision as the reference sensor or even a higher precision. As an application, the pressure pumping co‐efficients were calculated from the air pressure fluctuations recorded by both systems. A comparison again showed that both evaluated air pressure sensors yield very similar results. Therefore, it is concluded that the inexpensive system is suitable for reliable air pressure fluctuation measurements.
Multifrequency magnetic particle imaging enabled by a combined passive and active drive field feed‐through compensation approach
Authors: Pantke Dennis , Holle Nils , Mogarkar Akshay , Straub Marcel , Schulz Volkmar 
Published: June 2019

PurposeMagnetic particle imaging (MPI) allows fast imaging of the spatial distribution of superparamagnetic iron‐oxide based nanoparticles (SPIONs). Recent research suggests that MPI furthermore promises in‐vivo access to environmental parameters of SPIONs as temperature or viscosity. Various medical applications as nanomedicine, stem cell‐based therapies or magnetic hyperthermia could benefit from in‐vivo multiparameter estimation by MPI. One possible approach to get access to functional parameters is particle excitation at multiple frequencies. To enable the investigation of the mentioned approach, a novel MPI device capable of multifrequency excitation is needed.MethodsMPI usually employs analog band‐stop filters to cancel the drive field feed‐through, which is magnitudes higher than the particle signal. To enable drive field frequency flexibility over a wide bandwidth, we propose a combined passive and active drive field feed‐through compensation approach. This cancellation technique further allows the direct detection of the SPIONs' signal at the fundamental excitation frequency.ResultsA combined feed‐through suppression of up to −125 dB is reported, which allows to adjust the drive field frequency from 500 Hz to 20 kHz. Initial spectroscopic measurements and images are shown that demonstrate the concept of multifrequency excitation and prove the imaging capability of the presented scanner. A mean signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) enhancement by the factor of 1.7 was shown when the first harmonic is used for measurement‐based image reconstruction compared to when it is omitted.ConclusionsIn this paper, the first one‐dimensional multifrequency magnetic particle imaging (mf‐MPI) that features adjustable excitation frequencies from 500 Hz to 20 kHz is presented. The device will be used to study the principle of multiparameter estimation by employing multifrequency excitation.
A systematic review and meta‐analysis on basic psychological need satisfaction, motivation, and well‐being in later life: Contributions of self‐determination theory
Authors: Tang Minmin , Wang Dahua , Guerrien Alain 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAs the population ages, it is important to understand the factors that contribute to well‐being in the elderly. The purpose of this study is to perform a systematic review and meta‐analysis of research on well‐being among elderly people conducted particularly within the framework of self‐determination theory and, more precisely, to study the relationships among basic psychological need satisfaction, motivation, and well‐being. Therefore, a systematic search of the literature was conducted using the databases PsycINFO, PsycARTICLES, Academic Onefile, MEDLINE, Science Direct, and ERIC to find studies published in English and French. China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) was used to find studies published in Chinese. Ultimately, 23 studies (mainly from the United States, Canada, and Europe; no studies published in China were found) in the field of aging were used for the systematic analysis, 17 of which were used for the meta‐analysis. The results reported in these publications are relatively congruent with the idea that basic psychological need satisfaction and motivation (autonomous types) are positively associated with positive indicators of well‐being (meaning in life, life satisfaction, positive affect, self‐esteem, etc.) and negatively associated with negative indicators of well‐being (depression, apathy, etc.).
Thin‐film nanostructure and polymer architecture in semicrystalline syndiotactic poly(p‐methylstyrene)–(cis‐1,4‐polybutadiene) multiblock copolymers
Authors: Buonerba Antonio , Monica Francesco Della , Speranza Vito , Capacchione Carmine , Milione Stefano , Grassi Alfonso 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe thin‐film morphology of stereoregular syndiotactic poly(p‐methylstyrene)–(cis‐1,4‐polybutadiene) (sP(pMS–B)) multiblock copolymers has been investigated using tapping mode atomic force microscopy with variation of the polymer composition and monomer block lengths. The morphology of the thin films ranges from isolated circular domains of sP(pMS) embedded into a matrix of polybutadiene (PB) to isolated domains of PB embedded into a matrix of sP(pMS), passing through bicontinuous (jagged) lamellae when the pMS concentration is in the range 20–67 mol%. Multiple folding of the polymer segments, i.e. where reciprocal inclusions of polymer segments to each other phase are able to generate greater domain, has been postulated and validated by considerations on the polymer architecture and the thermal and crystalline behaviour. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Food packaging simulant failure mechanisms in next generation steel packaging
Authors: Allman Andrew , Jewell Eifion , de Vooys Arnoud , Hayes Rachel , McMurray H. Neil 
Published: June 2019

Legislative pressures have led to the mature dominant chromium‐coated steel (ECCS) substrate and epoxy phenolic lacquer replacement in Europe. An investigation was carried out to examine the interaction between a steel surface engineered with a novel, developmental substrate coated using Cr (III)‐based electrolytes and the food stuff being canned. Samples of lacquered material were subjected to a typical retort process (121°C for 90 minutes) and examined using a variety of laboratory analytical techniques. The foodstuff being packaged has a significant impact on the substrate/lacquer adhesion with clear differences in failure mechanisms between foodstuffs. There is clear evidence of chemical species transfer through the next generation lacquer, and this can instigate corrosion at the surface where incomplete chromium coverage leads to exposed iron. In general, the novel developmental material exhibits lower adhesive properties and shows a greater sensitivity to the foodstuff, although this is largely attributed to the homogeneity of the coverage. The novel substrate proves to be a promising alternative to ECCS due to REACH legislation, but improvement is required to achieve equivalent performance.
Metal–free Efficient Method for the Synthesis of N‐(2‐haloethyl)benzamides through the Ring‐opening of2‐oxazolines
Authors: Guan Dan , Luan Huo‐Xin , Patiguli Maimaiti , Jiao Qiu‐Ju , Yun Qing‐Qing , Chen Quan‐Sheng , Xu Chong‐Jun , Nie Xiao‐Bin , Hu Fang‐Peng , Huang Guo‐Sheng 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAn efficient, metal‐free C–H halogenated method for the synthesis of β‐halogenated carboxamides using non‐corrosive NXS (X=Cl, Br) as the halogenated source and ammonium sulfocyanide (NH4SCN) as the additive was proposed and accomplished. Various substituted 2‐oxazolines efficiently afforded the corresponding β‐halogenated carboxamides via a ring‐opening reaction in good yields. The characteristic features of this reaction include readily available materials, mild reaction conditions and functional groups tolerance.
Analysis of cluster center initialization of 2FA‐kprototypes analogy‐based software effort estimation
Authors: Amazal Fatima Azzahra , Idri Ali , Abran Alain 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAnalogy‐based estimation is one of the most widely used techniques for effort prediction in software engineering. However, existing analogy‐based techniques suffer from an inability to correctly handle nonquantitative data. To deal with this limitation, a new technique called 2FA‐kprototypes was proposed and evaluated. 2FA‐kprototypes is based on the use of the fuzzy k‐prototypes clustering technique. Although fuzzy k‐prototypes algorithms are well known for their efficiency in clustering numerical and categorical data, they are sensitive to the selection of initial cluster centers. In this paper, the impact of cluster center initialization on improving the prediction accuracy of 2FA‐kprototypes was analyzed and discussed using two cluster initialization techniques: centrality‐based initialization and density‐based initialization. The performance of 2FA‐kprototypes using these two initialization techniques was evaluated and compared with that of 2FA‐kprototypes using random initialization over four datasets: ISBSG, COCOMO81, USP05‐FT, and USP05‐RQ. The results showed an improvement in the performance of 2FA‐kprototypes in terms of estimation accuracy when the all‐in method is used.
Business process improvement using Object‐Process Methodology
Authors: Casebolt Jason M. , Jbara Ahmad , Dori Dov 
Published: June 2019

AbstractFor decades, business process improvement (BPI) has been a persistent and expensive concern that spans across many industry sectors. We present OPM‐BPI—a model‐based method to improve business processes using ISO 19450—Object‐Process Methodology (OPM). The approach compares favorably to state‐of‐the‐art business process languages and approaches, such as Business Process Modeling Notation (BPMN). An aviation manufacturing company case study of safely removing a part from an aircraft and reinstalling it demonstrates the method. We show how using OPM‐BPI enables removing a large portion of the supporting objects, and how related processes can be eliminated or merged, achieving considerable model simplification that represents a significantly improved, more effective and less wasteful business process.
Photobreathing Zwitterionic Micelles
Authors: Niskanen Jukka , Vapaavuori Jaana 
Published: June 2019

AbstractA significant and reversible size change (up to 80 nm, representing 100 % increase in diameter, i. e. “breathing”) of polymeric micelles of poly(styrene)‐block‐poly(3‐(4‐vinylpyridin‐1‐ium‐1‐yl)propane‐1‐sulfonate) (PS‐P4VP‐zwitter) was observed during phototriggered loading and release of spiropyran. The breathing (i. e. “inhaling/exhaling” of the small molecules by the micelles) could be controlled by switching the wavelength of the light used. Spiropyran, which was converted into the zwitterionic merocyanine by UV light, was readily diffused and incorporated into the zwitterionic micelle cores, thus causing the micelles to expand. At the same time, the merocyanine was stabilized by the polyzwitterionic core of the micelles. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a supramolecular and reversibly photoloadable system that can be converted from a thermodynamically stable self‐assembled equilibrium system into a dynamic, self‐assembled system that is sustained by illumination.
Cognitive and motivational selectivity in healthy aging
Authors: Swirsky Liyana T. , Spaniol Julia 
Published: June 2019

AbstractNormal aging is associated with a reduction in the selectivity of cognitive processes such as attention and memory. This loss of selectivity is attributed to diminished inhibition and cognitive control mechanisms in older adults, which render them more susceptible to distraction and more likely to attend to and encode irrelevant information. However, motivational selectivity appears largely preserved in aging. For example, older adults selectively avoid high‐demand tasks, exhibit a positivity bias in attention and memory, and show better memory for high‐value compared to low‐value information. The aim of this review is to integrate these seemingly paradoxical findings of reduced and preserved selectivity in aging, discuss potential neural mechanisms, and propose questions for future research.This article is categorized under:Neuroscience > CognitionPsychology > Development and Aging
Health effects associated with wastewater treatment, reuse, and disposal
Authors: Choudri B. S. , Charabi Yassine 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThis paper highlights the review of scientific literature published in the year 2018 on issues related to health risks associated with human and the general environment on the reuse of wastewater, treatment as well as disposal. The literature review on the above issues divided into number of sections, and these sections include management of wastewater, wastewater reuse with focus on microbial hazards, and chemical hazards. Further, the review also provides some recent research related to wastewater treatment plants, disposal of wastewater, sludge, and biosolids management.Practitioner points

This paper highlights the review of scientific literature published in the year 2018.

Review provide issues related to health risks associated with human and the general environment on the reuse of wastewater, treatment as well as disposal.

Literature review covers selected papers relevant to the topic.
Predictors of Post‐operative Pain and Opioid Consumption in Patients Undergoing Liver Surgery
Authors: Behman R. , Cleary S. , McHardy P. , Kiss A. , Sawyer J. , Ladak S. S. J. , McCluskey S. A. , Srinivas C. , Katz J. , Coburn N. , Law C. , Wei A. C. , Greig P. , Hallet J. , Clarke H. , Karanicolas P. J. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundPost‐operative pain management is a critical component of perioperative care. Patients at risk of poorly controlled post‐operative pain may benefit from early measures to optimize pain management. We sought to identify risk factors for post‐operative pain and opioid consumption in patients undergoing liver resection.MethodsThis is a multi‐institutional prospective nested cohort study of patients undergoing open liver resection. Opioid consumption and pain scores were collected following surgery. To estimate the effects of patient factors on opioid consumption (oral morphine equivalents—OME) and on pain scores (NRS‐11), we used generalized linear models and multivariable linear regression model, respectively.ResultsOne hundred and fifty‐three patients who underwent open liver resection between 2013 and 2016 were included in the study. The mean patient age was 62.2 years, and 43.3% were female. Younger patients were significantly more likely to use more opioids in the early post‐operative period (16.7 OME/10 years, p < 0.001). Patient factors that were significantly associated with increased NRS‐11 pain scores also included younger patient age (difference in pain score of 0.3/10 years with cough and 0.2/10 years at rest, p < 0.01 for both) as well as a history of analgesic use (difference in pain score of 0.9 with cough and 0.6 at rest, p < 0.01 and p = 0.07, respectively).ConclusionYounger patients and those with a history of analgesic use are more likely to report higher post‐operative pain and require higher doses of opioids. Early identification of these patients, and measures to better manage their pain, may contribute to optimal perioperative care.
A deep learning model for early prediction of Alzheimer's disease dementia based on hippocampal magnetic resonance imaging data
Authors: Li Hongming , Habes Mohamad , Wolk David A. , Fan Yong ,   Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative and the Australian Imaging Biomarkers and Lifestyle Study of Aging
Published: June 2019

AbstractIntroductionIt is challenging at baseline to predict when and which individuals who meet criteria for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) will ultimately progress to Alzheimer's disease (AD) dementia.MethodsA deep learning method is developed and validated based on magnetic resonance imaging scans of 2146 subjects (803 for training and 1343 for validation) to predict MCI subjects' progression to AD dementia in a time‐to‐event analysis setting.ResultsThe deep‐learning time‐to‐event model predicted individual subjects' progression to AD dementia with a concordance index of 0.762 on 439 Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative testing MCI subjects with follow‐up duration from 6 to 78 months (quartiles: [24, 42, 54]) and a concordance index of 0.781 on 40 Australian Imaging Biomarkers and Lifestyle Study of Aging testing MCI subjects with follow‐up duration from 18 to 54 months (quartiles: [18, 36, 54]). The predicted progression risk also clustered individual subjects into subgroups with significant differences in their progression time to AD dementia (P < .0002). Improved performance for predicting progression to AD dementia (concordance index = 0.864) was obtained when the deep learning–based progression risk was combined with baseline clinical measures.DiscussionOur method provides a cost effective and accurate means for prognosis and potentially to facilitate enrollment in clinical trials with individuals likely to progress within a specific temporal period.
Quasiconvex relaxation of isotropic functions in incompressible planar hyperelasticity
Authors: Martin Robert J. , Voss Jendrik , Neff Patrizio , Ghiba Ionel-Dumitrel 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIn this note, we provide an explicit formula for computing the quasiconvex envelope of any real-valued functionW; SL(2) → ℝ withW(RF) =W(FR) =W(F) for allF∈ SL(2) and allR∈ SO(2), where SL(2) and SO(2) denote the special linear group and the special orthogonal group, respectively. In order to obtain our result, we combine earlier work by Dacorogna and Koshigoe on the relaxation of certain conformal planar energy functions with a recent result on the equivalence between polyconvexity and rank-one convexity for objective and isotropic energies in planar incompressible nonlinear elasticity.
The Rigging of Aeroplanes
Authors: Crouch R. J. Goodman 
Published: June 2019

The rigging of aeroplanes, although not a subject necessitating extensive research work or particular scientific knowledge, is of paramount importance, in view of its effect on the safety, reliability, and performance of machines.The mechanical principles involved are well known to the engineer, and their application rests to a great extent on experience.In a word, practicability governs both construction and erection.
Struts of Conical Taper
Authors: Webb H. A , Lang E. D. 
Published: June 2019

The strength of wooden struts consisting of a parallel centre portion with ends of conical taper is considered rnathematically. It is shown that the best results are obtained when the parallel portion is half the total length of the strut, and when the taper of the ends is such that the end diameter is half the central diameter. Such a strut is 12% lighter than a simple parallel strut of the same length and strength, and only 1% heavier than the ideal strut of the best possible gradual taper. A simple formula for design is given.The authors suggest that struts of this pattern might be adopted, for manufacture reasons, in many parts of an aeroplane in which solid wooden struts are used, especially if of circular section. They can then be turned in the ordinary lathe.