bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Contrasting the Effects of the 1850–1975 Increase in Sulphate Aerosols from North America and Europe on the Atlantic in the CESM
Authors: Undorf S. , Bollasina M. A. , Booth B. B. B. , Hegerl G. C. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe extent and mechanisms of the Atlantic response to the historical (1850–1975) increase of sulphate aerosol emissions from North America and Europe as simulated in eight‐member ensemble experiments with the coupled Community Earth System Model (CESM1)‐Community Atmosphere Model version 5.3 are contrasted. The results show that aerosols from either source cause a long‐term cooling of North Atlantic sea surface temperatures, with the patterns a combination of atmospheric aerosol effects and an aerosol‐induced strengthening of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation. The response to North American emissions is larger since prevailing winds cause wider aerosol spread over the Atlantic, collocated with climatological cloud cover. The Intertropical Convergence Zone shifts southward affecting tropical precipitation globally. The simulated (multi)decadal components of sea surface temperature and Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation variability are furthermore primarily externally forced. The analysis provides novel insights into the mechanisms of aerosol impact on the Atlantic. It suggests that projected further emission reductions will lead to opposite changes.
Hectometric Line Spectra Detected by the Arase (ERG) Satellite
Authors: Hashimoto Kozo , Kumamoto Atsushi , Tsuchiya Fuminori , Kasahara Yoshiya , Matsuoka Ayako 
Published: October 2018

AbstractA new type of terrestrial line spectra has been detected by the Arase satellite. These spectra are called hectometric line spectra. They consist primarily of constant frequency narrowband components at frequencies between 525 and 1,700 kHz, which originate and are sometimes amplified from AM broadcasting waves and other generated emissions. These line spectra can be amplified or generated by the odd‐harmonic electrostatic cyclotron instability while in the Z mode. Hectometric line spectra need to be mode‐converted to the L‐O mode to be received at higher altitudes because the Z mode can only exist when its frequency is lower than the local upper hybrid resonance frequency. Wave penetration into the ionosphere and mode conversion are enabled by low‐density regions and steep density gradients in ionospheric irregularities. Note that the broadcasting waves passed through the ionosphere with frequencies lower than the maximum plasma frequency along their paths.
Infrared Radiation in the Thermosphere Near the End of Solar Cycle 24
Authors: Mlynczak Martin G. , Hunt Linda A. , Marshall B. Thomas , Russell James M. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractObservations of thermospheric infrared radiative cooling by carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitric oxide (NO) from 2002 to 2018 are presented. The time span covers more than 6,000 days including most of solar cycle (SC) 23 and the entirety of SC 24 to date. Maxima of infrared cooling rate profiles (nW/m3) are smaller during SC 24 than SC 23, indicating a cooler thermosphere. Rates of global infrared power (W) from CO2 are now at levels observed during the deep solar minimum of 2009. Rates of NO power are still larger than those observed during 2009 and are being maintained at an elevated level by geomagnetic activity. During SC 24 to date, the thermosphere has radiated 70% of the energy of the mean of the past five cycles and would require an additional 1,690 days at current infrared radiation rates to reach that amount.
CD26 is a potential therapeutic target by humanized monoclonal antibody for the treatment of multiple myeloma
Authors: Nishida Hiroko , Hayashi Mutsumi , Morimoto Chikao , Sakamoto Michiie , Yamada Taketo 
Published: October 2018

AbstractCD26, a 110-kDa transmembrane glycoprotein that is expressed on several tumor cells including malignant lymphoma, has been implicated in tumorigenesis: however, little is known regarding its role in multiple myeloma (MM). Recently, we identified CD26 expression on human osteoclasts (OCs) and demonstrated that humanized IgG1monoclonal antibody targeting CD26, huCD26mAb, inhibits human OC differentiation. Herein, we show that CD26 expression was present on plasma cells in the bone marrow tissues of MM patients. In vitro immunostaining studies revealed that although CD26 expression was low or absent on MM cell lines cultured alone, it was intensely and uniformly expressed on MM cell lines co-cultured with OCs. The augmented CD26 expression in MM cells was exploited to enhance anti-MM efficacy of huCD26mAb via a substantial increase in antibody-dependent cytotoxicity (ADCC) but not complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC). Moreover, huCD26mAb in combination with novel agents synergistically enhanced huCD26mAb induced ADCC activity against CD26+ MM cells compared with each agent alone. huCD26mAb additionally reduced the ratio of the side population (SP) fraction in CD26+ MM cells by ADCC. Finally, huCD26mAb significantly reduced the MM tumor burden and OC formation in vivo. These results suggest that CD26 is a potential target molecule in MM and that huCD26mAb could act as a therapeutic agent.
Correction to: Efficiency of genomic prediction across two Eucalyptus nitens seed orchards with different selection histories
Authors: Suontama Mari , Klápště Jaroslav , Telfer Emily , Graham Natalie , Stovold Toby , Low Charlie , McKinley Russell , Dungey Heidi 
Published: October 2018

Published online: 6 July 2018This article was originally published under standard licence, but has now been made available under a [CC BY 4.0] license. The PDF and HTML versions of the paper have been modified accordingly.
Spatiotemporal regulation of the GPCR activity of BAI3 by C1qL4 and Stabilin-2 controls myoblast fusion
Authors: Hamoud Noumeira , Tran Viviane , Aimi Takahiro , Kakegawa Wataru , Lahaie Sylvie , Thibault Marie-Pier , Pelletier Ariane , Wong G. William , Kim In-San , Kania Artur , Yuzaki Michisuke , Bouvier Michel , Côté Jean-François 
Published: October 2018

AbstractMyoblast fusion is tightly regulated during development and regeneration of muscle fibers. BAI3 is a receptor that orchestrates myoblast fusion via Elmo/Dock1 signaling, but the mechanisms regulating its activity remain elusive. Here we report that mice lacking BAI3 display small muscle fibers and inefficient muscle regeneration after cardiotoxin-induced injury. We describe two proteins that repress or activate BAI3 in muscle progenitors. We find that the secreted C1q-like1–4 proteins repress fusion by specifically interacting with BAI3. Using a proteomic approach, we identify Stabilin-2 as a protein that interacts with BAI3 and stimulates its fusion promoting activity. We demonstrate that Stabilin-2 activates the GPCR activity of BAI3. The resulting activated heterotrimeric G-proteins contribute to the initial recruitment of Elmo proteins to the membrane, which are then stabilized on BAI3 through a direct interaction. Collectively, our results demonstrate that the activity of BAI3 is spatiotemporally regulated by C1qL4 and Stabilin-2 during myoblast fusion.
Cooperative mechanisms of oxygen vacancy stabilization and migration in the isolated tetrahedral anion Scheelite structure
Authors: Yang Xiaoyan , Fernández-Carrión Alberto J. , Wang Jiehua , Porcher Florence , Fayon Franck , Allix Mathieu , Kuang Xiaojun 
Published: October 2018

AbstractTetrahedral units can transport oxide anions via interstitial or vacancy defects owing to their great deformation and rotation flexibility. Compared with interstitial defects, vacancy-mediated oxide-ion conduction in tetrahedra-based structures is more difficult and occurs rarely. The isolated tetrahedral anion Scheelite structure has showed the advantage of conducting oxygen interstitials but oxygen vacancies can hardly be introduced into Scheelite to promote the oxide ion migration. Here we demonstrate that oxygen vacancies can be stabilized in the BiVO4 Scheelite structure through Sr2+ for Bi3+ substitution, leading to corner-sharing V2O7 tetrahedral dimers, and migrate via a cooperative mechanism involving V2O7-dimer breaking and reforming assisted by synergic rotation and deformation of neighboring VO4 tetrahedra. This finding reveals the ability of Scheelite structure to transport oxide ion through vacancies or interstitials, emphasizing the possibility to develop oxide-ion conductors with parallel vacancy and interstitial doping strategies within the same tetrahedra-based structure type.
Multi-omic tumor data reveal diversity of molecular mechanisms that correlate with survival
Authors: Ramazzotti Daniele , Lal Avantika , Wang Bo , Batzoglou Serafim , Sidow Arend 
Published: October 2018

AbstractOutcomes for cancer patients vary greatly even within the same tumor type, and characterization of molecular subtypes of cancer holds important promise for improving prognosis and personalized treatment. This promise has motivated recent efforts to produce large amounts of multidimensional genomic (multi-omic) data, but current algorithms still face challenges in the integrated analysis of such data. Here we present Cancer Integration via Multikernel Learning (CIMLR), a new cancer subtyping method that integrates multi-omic data to reveal molecular subtypes of cancer. We apply CIMLR to multi-omic data from 36 cancer types and show significant improvements in both computational efficiency and ability to extract biologically meaningful cancer subtypes. The discovered subtypes exhibit significant differences in patient survival for 27 of 36 cancer types. Our analysis reveals integrated patterns of gene expression, methylation, point mutations, and copy number changes in multiple cancers and highlights patterns specifically associated with poor patient outcomes.
Multifunctional sequence-defined macromolecules for chemical data storage
Authors: Martens Steven , Landuyt Annelies , Espeel Pieter , Devreese Bart , Dawyndt Peter , Du Prez Filip 
Published: October 2018

AbstractSequence-defined macromolecules consist of a defined chain length (single mass), end-groups, composition and topology and prove promising in application fields such as anti-counterfeiting, biological mimicking and data storage. Here we show the potential use of multifunctional sequence-defined macromolecules as a storage medium. As a proof-of-principle, we describe how short text fragments (human-readable data) and QR codes (machine-readable data) are encoded as a collection of oligomers and how the original data can be reconstructed. The amide-urethane containing oligomers are generated using an automated protecting-group free, two-step iterative protocol based on thiolactone chemistry. Tandem mass spectrometry techniques have been explored to provide detailed analysis of the oligomer sequences. We have developed the generic software tools Chemcoder for encoding/decoding binary data as a collection of multifunctional macromolecules and Chemreader for reconstructing oligomer sequences from mass spectra to automate the process of chemical writing and reading.
Long time-scales in primate amygdala neurons support aversive learning
Authors: Taub Aryeh H. , Shohat Yosef , Paz Rony 
Published: October 2018

AbstractAssociative learning forms when there is temporal relationship between a stimulus and a reinforcer, yet the inter-trial-interval (ITI), which is usually much longer than the stimulus-reinforcer-interval, contributes to learning-rate and memory strength. The neural mechanisms that enable maintenance of time between trials remain unknown, and it is unclear if the amygdala can support time scales at the order of dozens of seconds. We show that the ITI indeed modulates rate and strength of aversive-learning, and that single-units in the primate amygdala and dorsal-anterior-cingulate-cortex signal confined periods within the ITI, strengthen this coding during acquisition of aversive-associations, and diminish during extinction. Additionally, pairs of amygdala-cingulate neurons synchronize during specific periods suggesting a shared circuit that maintains the long temporal gap. The results extend the known roles of this circuit and suggest a mechanism that maintains trial-structure and temporal-contingencies for learning.
Wearable Sensor System for Detection of Lactate in Sweat
Authors: Currano Luke J. , Sage F. Connor , Hagedon Matthew , Hamilton Leslie , Patrone Julia , Gerasopoulos Konstantinos 
Published: October 2018

AbstractIncreased development of wearable sensors for physiological monitoring has spurred complementary interest in the detection of biochemical indicators of health and performance. We report a wearable sensor system for non-invasive detection of excreted human biomarkers in sweat. The system consists of a thin, flexible, kapton patch (2.5 × 7.5 cm) that can be coated with adhesive and affixed to the skin. The system can be controlled by a cell phone via a near-field communications protocol, charged wirelessly, and the data can be downloaded and displayed in a smart phone app. The system is designed such that the sensing element plugs into a low-profile socket, and can easily be removed and replaced as needed due to saturation or aging effects. As a demonstration case, we examined using an organic electrochemical transistor (OECT) within this system to monitor lactate concentration. Several different methods for optimizing the sensor performance were compared, including altering electrode materials, employing various immobilization techniques, and tailoring operating voltages. Resulting functional response of the lactate oxidase enzyme was compared as a function of the sensor variables. The OECT sensor was shown to have high sensitivity to lactate, however the sensing range is limited to lactate concentrations below approximately 1 mM.
Challenges and Strategies for Speech-Language Pathologists Using the Lidcombe Program for Early Stuttering
Authors: Van Eerdenbrugh Sabine , Packman Ann , O'Brian Sue , Onslow Mark 
Published: October 2018

Purpose
The Lidcombe program is a treatment for preschool-age children who stutter. Studies indicate that its implementation is not always straightforward. In this study, challenges that parents and speech-language pathologists (SLPs) encounter when implementing the Lidcombe program were identified, and strategies to address them were sought.

Method
In Part 1, Lidcombe program treatment challenges were determined from 4 sources. In Part 2, 7 SLPs with 15 to 23 years of Lidcombe program experience were interviewed to develop strategies to respond to the identified treatment challenges.

Result
A template of the themes and a report with possible strategies are the outcomes of this study. A total of 124 themes were identified, mostly related to the implementation of Lidcombe program procedures. Strategies to deal with these challenges were formulated.

Conclusions
This study provides treatment challenges that parents or SLPs may encounter during the Lidcombe program. It also provides strategies that SLPs can suggest to address them. An added contribution of the findings is that SLPs in the clinic can now anticipate the sort of treatment challenges that parents may face. A summary of the findings will be made available on the Australian Stuttering Research Centre website and through the Lidcombe Program Trainers Consortium.
Nurturing a Resilient Mindset in School-Aged Children Who Stutter
Authors: Caughter Sarah , Crofts Victoria 
Published: October 2018

Purpose
To consider the rationale, methods, and potential benefits of nurturing the growth of resilience in school-aged children who stutter. Stuttering in childhood can have negative psychological consequences for some, including the development of a negative attitude toward their speech from a young age (Vanryckeghem, Brutten, & Hernandez, 2005) and possible co-occurring psychopathology in adolescence and adulthood, in particular, anxiety disorders (Blood, Blood, Maloney, Meyer, & Qualls, 2007; Iverach & Rapee, 2014; McAllister, Kelman, & Millard, 2015). Children who stutter also frequently report teasing and bullying by their peers (Blood & Blood, 2007; Boyle, 2011; Langevin, Packman, & Onslow, 2009), which can have a significant impact on children's confidence and psychological well-being. However, the capacity of children who stutter to cope or “bounce back” from adversity is not routinely explored or incorporated in therapy for stuttering.

Method
This clinical focus article will explore the construct of resilience and consider why it may be important for children who stutter and their parents. A framework for understanding resilience in relation to stuttering is used, drawing from the Reaching In Reaching Out Resiliency Program (for children aged under 8 years and their parents) and the Penn Resiliency Program (for children aged 8 years and over).

Conclusions
The role of parents is key in modeling resilient responses to children and creating a resilience-rich environment. As children who stutter may be more vulnerable to adversity, some may benefit from targeted support to build their resilience, in order to enhance their ability to overcome challenges and thrive.
The Most Important Therapy Outcomes for School-Aged Children Who Stutter: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Cooke Katie , Millard Sharon K. 
Published: October 2018

Purpose
The aim of this article was to identify what school-aged children who stutter consider to be the most important outcomes from therapy.

Method
A Delphi approach was employed for the study. Eighteen participants aged 9–13 years completed a survey, generating 90 statements that would constitute successful therapy outcomes. After categorization and reduction, 79 statements were sent to participants in a second survey to seek consensus on their importance. Fifteen participants aged 8–14 years completed this second survey. Statements with the highest median ratings and smallest standard deviations were retained.

Results
Twenty-one statements were retained after analysis. These reflected hopes for affective and behavioral change in the young person and in other people after therapy. Important outcomes included, but are not limited to, increased fluency, greater independence, increased confidence at school, others knowing how to support the individual, and communication situations feeling easier.

Conclusions
Participants identified a range of outcomes that were important to achieve as a result of speech and language therapy. The findings suggest a need for a more holistic view of what is meant by successful therapy, incorporating improvements in the ability to communicate and participate in daily situations. The findings suggest that an integrated or holistic approach to intervention would be required to achieve these goals and should include significant others from the child's environment. The important statements identified in this study could be used to inform the content of therapy and to evaluate change over time.

Supplemental Material

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.7144205
Endoscopic ultrasound-guided choledochoduodenostomy with electrocautery-enhanced lumen-apposing stents: a retrospective analysis
Authors: Jacques Jeremie , Privat Jocelyn , Pinard Fabien , Fumex Fabien , Valats Jean-Christophe , Chaoui Azzedine , Cholet Franck , Godard Bruno , Grandval Philippe , Legros Romain , Kerever Sebastien , Napoleon Bertrand 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Background Endoscopic ultrasound-guided biliary drainage is an alternative to percutaneous biliary drainage in cases of malignant biliary obstruction and failure of classic endoscopic drainage by endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). Recently, a new electrocautery-enhanced lumen-apposing metal stent (ECE-LAMS) that allows for endoscopic anastomosis (apposition stent) has become available for use in EUS-choledochoduodenostomy (EUS-CDS) and facilitates the procedure.
Methods This was a retrospective study of all EUS-CDS procedures performed in France between April 2016 and August 2017. The primary end point was the technical and clinical success rates of EUS-CDS using an ECE-LAMS.
Results 52 consecutive patients were included in the study. The etiology of distal bile duct obstruction was distal pancreatic adenocarcinoma in 43 patients (82.7 %). The technical success rate was 88.5 % (46 /52 patients), and the clinical success rate was 100 % (46/46 patients). The mean duration of the procedure was 10.2 minutes (range 1 – 90). Two patients (3.8 %) presented with short-term complications after EUS-CDS and before discharge from hospital. In univariate analyses, a small diameter of the common bile duct and not following the recommended procedure technique were significant risk factors for technical failure. Over a mean follow-up of 157 days, the median survival time without biliary complications was 135 days.
Conclusion EUS-CDS with an ECE-LAMS is efficacious and safe in distal malignant obstruction of the common bile duct and could be proposed as the first option in cases of ERCP failure.
Macrocyclic Hosts in Asymmetric Phase-Transfer Catalyzed Reactions
Authors: Della Sala Giorgio , Schettini Rosaria , Sicignano Marina , De Riccardis Francesco , Izzo Irene 
Published: October 2018

The introduction and development of neutral macrocyclic hosts capable of complexing ions within their pre-organized cavity, has been of utmost importance in supramolecular chemistry. Their ability to form stable organic-soluble metal–macrocycle complexes opened up the way to their application in phase-transfer catalysis (PTC) as a viable alternative to quaternary onium salts. In particular, their conformationally rigid preorganized backbone, accommodating organic substrates in defined orientations, promotes highly efficient stereoselective reactions. This short review summarizes the applications of neutral macrocyclic hosts in stereoselective PTC, highlighting the difference and possible complementarity with quaternary ammonium salts.1	Introduction2	Crown Ethers and Related Coronands2.1	Enantioselective PTC with Chiral Macrocyclic Coronands2.2	Enantioselective PTC Reactions Catalyzed by Chiral Quaternary Ammonium Salts with Achiral Crown Ether Co-catalysts3	Cyclic Peptoids4	Miscellaneous Chiral Macrocyclic Hosts5	Summary and Outlook
Comparison of the Effect of Dog, Surgeon and Surgical Procedure Variables on Improvement in Eight-Week Static Weight-Bearing following Tibial Plateau Levelling Osteotomy
Authors: Wilson Megan , Renberg Walter , Roush James 
Published: October 2018

Objective The purpose of this article was to compare the effect of surgeon and tibial plateau levelling osteotomy (TPLO) procedure variations on the outcome of TPLO in naturally occurring cranial cruciate ligament disease.
Materials and Methods Records from 142 dogs that had a TPLO procedure were reviewed for information regarding surgical procedure, status of meniscus at the time of surgery, surgeon identity, ACVS diplomate or resident, meniscal release, progression of healing at the progress evaluation based on radiographic interpretation and complications encountered. The primary outcome measure was static force on the affected limb at re-evaluation (42–84 days postoperatively) on a PetSafe Stance Analyzer.
Results Re-evaluation tibial plateau angle (TPA) was negatively and significantly correlated with improvement (r = −0.2132, p = 0.013). Postoperative and re-evaluation TPA were all significantly correlated with one another. The amount of TPA change from initial to immediate postoperative values was significantly correlated with the preoperative TPA (r = 0.628, p < 0.001). Surgeon, surgical experience, arthrotomy, meniscal damage, meniscal intervention, complications, postoperative TPA and preoperative TPA had no significant effect on weight-bearing at recheck.
Clinical Significance TPLO show improvement of 4.58% body weight on the affected limb at 6 to 12 weeks rechecks on a Stance Analyzer. Surgeon, surgical experience, arthrotomy, meniscal damage, meniscal intervention, complications, postoperative TPA and initial TPA have no effect on this measurement of surgical outcome.