bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Commentary II: “Therapeutic Democracy”
Authors: Lichtenberg Philip 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Collaborative inquiry is profoundly democratic. Yet, it also relies on the initiative of an authority. Since we believe that all members of a group act as leaders, research needs as well to begin from “below.” Religion, which relies on top down leadership, contrasts with a fully participatory orientation. An example is given of how all participants both promote and limit democracy.
In the Shadow of the Leader: Power, Reflection, and Dialogue in Gestalt Group Therapy
Authors: Cole Peter 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
The relationship between the leader and members in Gestalt group therapy is discussed in order to help understand and navigate difficulties and complexities that arise in this relationship. The author posits that vulnerabilities run high in Gestalt group therapy with potential for healing along with potential for wounding and shame. The group is seen as an intersubjective field rich in complexity, always in process, always unfolding and never fully understood by any group participant: member or leader. When negative or shaming experiences arise, insight and intelligence concerning the difficulty and its resolution are distributed among the group's membership and leadership, with each person holding a valuable perspective.
Contacting Gender
Authors: Johnson Rae 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Gestalt therapists are uniquely positioned to address issues of gender and sexuality in authentic and empowering ways. However, gender has been a relatively neglected territory within Gestalt therapy theory and professional discourse. Drawing on social and somatic theories of gender, this article articulates how Gestalt therapists might harness existing skills and orientations to become significant contributors to the evolving debates on gender and sexuality in counseling and psychotherapy. The author describes a four-step approach to professional development on gender issues focused on application to Gestalt therapy practice.
Beyond the Perls-Goodman Model: From the Organism-Environment Field to the Relational Field
Authors: Macaluso Mercurio Albino 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
In the founding text of Gestalt therapy (Perls, Hefferline, Goodman, 1951/1994), the concept of “contact” considers experience from a perspective centered on the individual rather than on the relationship. Today, we need a model that allows us to take into account the reciprocity of the exchange occurring between patient and therapist, all the while that it remains consistent with the epistemological assumptions of Gestalt therapy. In the innovative contributions of Gordon Wheeler and Margherita Spagnuolo Lobb, the author identifies the premises of a relational Gestalt approach which would permit a detailed analysis of how patient and therapist create together the experience of their meeting moment by moment.
Gestalt Therapy: Creatively Adjusting in an Increasingly Diverse World
Authors: Frew Jon 
Published: February 2018

AbstractGestalt therapy was developed and initially practiced in a particular social and political context. Sixty-five years later, that context has changed in considerable ways. In this article, a case will be made that Gestalt therapy must continue to make adjustments and adaptations to be relevant and inclusive in an increasingly diverse world. Concepts from the field of Intercultural Communication will be introduced and integrated with paralleled concepts form Gestalt therapy.
The Land Mines of Marriage: Intergenerational Causes of Marital Conflict
Authors: Schwartz Theodore W. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThis paper suggests a systemic, intergenerational approach to treating serious marital conflict. Conflicting inherited marital patterns are a primary source of severe marital conflict because the partners' emotional security is threatened. Unhealed, emotional wounds are compared to abscesses that accumulate pain and resentment. Many deeply structured psychological wounds are also inherited from past generations. Emotional injuries from early experience are also buried deeply in the psyche. The parent's marital patterns are introjected and imprinted on small children during preverbal years.When persons marry, the clash of their inherited patterns and needs threatens the couple's security and leads to conflict. Such conflicts often do not belong to the couple, but to previous generations. Postmodernist therapies are evaluated and compared to the original family therapy methods and applied to treating systemic interpersonal conflict. The author presents examples and suggests Gestalt family therapy as the preferred treatment for severe marital conflict.
Like a Fish in Water: Gestalt Therapy in Times of Uncertainty
Authors: Staemmler Frank-M. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractCurrently, for many countries in the world social and economic conditions are experiencing a rapid process of transformation. In some instances this generates consequences that create insecurity in many Gestalt therapists. In this article the author wants to show from various vantage points that this insecurity does not only mean a chance for the Gestalt approach but, moreover, forms its very own element within which it can come to full fruition.
Gestalt Approaches to Body-Oriented Theory: An Introduction
Authors: Kepner Jim 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
This paper introduces three articles on body-oriented work in Gestalt therapy. The three articles and their authors are described. Implications for strengths and weaknesses of the Gestalt approach are discussed. Weak areas include a lack of detailed understanding of embodiment, lack of developmental theory, and theoretical limits in the integration of spirituality in treatment. Strengths include the syncretic capacity of the Gestalt approach to integrate from outside of our given theory and practice.
Toward a Cognitive Map of Change
Authors: Fleming Karen P. , Jackson C. Wesley 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
This study mapped important dimensions of change from the perspective of the person experiencing the change. Results suggest that people who face a variety of meaningful changes relate to a common set of cognitive goal and process perceptions. We conducted this study in two phases. In the first phase 47 people from both a university and a community setting responded to open-ended questions about a self-selected, anticipated change. We analyzed the content of subjects' responses to develop a list of descriptors of goal and a list of descriptors of process. We developed items based on these descriptors and based on specific Gestalt therapy concepts. In the second phase 304 university students named an anticipated change. Subjects rated items, which described the goal and process of their future change. Eighteen factors were extracted from the 65 x 65 goal correlation matrix by principal component analysis. Twenty-seven factors were extracted from the 95 x 95 process correlation matrix by principal component analysis. In both cases factorization was controlled based on an eigenvalue equal to, or greater than, 1.0. For both data sets the respective factors were rotated to Varimax criterion. Goal factors accounted for 65.0% of the total variance of the goal items. Process factors accounted for 67.3% of the total variance of the process items. If in future studies cognitive map is identified as a stable set of factors across another variety of changes, we may conclude with increasing confidence that people do compare their proposed changes to meaningful aspects of the field: how they know themselves, their relationships, and their resources.
Ethics: A Gestalt of Values/The Values of Gestalt: A Next Step
Authors: Lee Robert G. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe possibility of the existence of a Gestalt ethics, which can be derived from Gestalt theory, is explored. The roots of constructionist, intersubjective Gestalt field theory are reviewed from Ehrenfels's contribution through those of the Gestalt psychologists, Lewin, Goldstein, and Goodman. This theory highlights how person and environment are interconnected. From the theoretical existence and importance of this interconnection, together with an understanding of the field conditions of support and shame, a Gestalt ethics does emerge. A key ethic emerges as: ethical solutions must be field solutions, that is, solutions that further the development of both the individual and the environment. The possibility of a field theory-derived definition of health is also discussed.
Keeping the Spirit in the Organization: A Classroom as a Learning Community
Authors: Frew Jon 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThis article explores the proposition that a common outcome of the ongoing contact between the individual and the work organization is a gradual, but inexorable loss of the individual's spirit. Can work organizations embrace models and paradigms that address and challenge this phenomenon?To answer this question, groups and teams in the workplace will be defined and differentiated. Senge's concepts of the “learning organization” and “team learning” will be introduced, and Gestalt therapy theory as applied to teaching and learning will be reviewed. The article concludes by applying the concept of learning organization to the university classroom and specific leadership and teaching approaches that can serve to create this type of organization.
A Commentary on: Keeping the Spirit in the Organization: A Classroom as a Learning Community
Authors: Hons Alan Meara B (Com) 
Published: February 2018

AbstractJon Frew compares the concepts of groups and teams and questions how their development may be different. He defines a group as having interaction and interdependence allowing individuals to achieve their goals, and a team as a highly functional group with communal or mutual goals. He takes the concept of the learning organization (Senge, 1990), which proposes a set of skills that allow teams to function creatively, and applies it in an example of a learning group in a higher education program in which Gestalt principles have also been applied. I will comment on the issues that Frew raises, offer another example to add to Frew's methods, and provide brief notes on how principles from non-linear systems may be used as an explanation of group dynamics.
Sandor Ferenczi, The “Grandfather of Gestalt Therapy”
Authors: Ginger Serge 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
This article underscores some concepts and therapeutic attitudes already developed by Ferenczi 25 years before Perls, such as: introjection, the potential richness of the counter-transference and of the personal involvement of the therapist, the importance of the process in the here and now of each session, the role of the emotions and the body and more. Both Ferenczi's and Perls' approaches are based on a warm humanistic philosophy, far from the cold and scientific approach of Freud. They consider the client in his environment and interpsychic and social relationships.
Perls quotes Ferenczi very seldom but it's very likely that he knew his writings and theories which were quite popular in Germany in the thirties. So I consider that Perls has been unconsciously strongly influenced by Ferenczi during the elaboration of Gestalt therapy.
Fotografias do ensino comercial: representações visuais no Senac Paraná (1947-1961) / Photos of the commercial education: visual representations at Senac Paraná (1947-1961)
Authors: Peraceta Danuza Woellner Pacce 
Published: February 2018

O Serviço Nacional de Aprendizagem Comercial – Senac, foi criado de 1946 e instalado no Paraná, em 07 de julho de 1947, no intuito de desenvolver cursos do ensino comercial ao público interessado em atuar profissionalmente em estabelecimentos do comércio. Com base nas imagens fotográficas do acervo próprio da instituição foi possível identificar possíveis representações visuais presentes nas salas de aula do Senac/PR no período compreendido entre 1947 a 1961. * * *The National Service of Commercial Learning-Senac, was created in 1946 and installed in Parana, in July 07, 1947 in order to develop commercial education courses to the public interested in acting professionally in trade establishments. Based on photographic images of the acquis of the institution it was possible to identify possible Visual representations present in classrooms at Senac-PR in the period from 1947 to 1961.
“Acusamos o recebimento do vosso ofício”: o Conselho de Intendência do Serro e a intrução pública da República, de 1890 a 1892 / "We accept the receipt of your office": the Serro Intendance Council and the public instruction of the Republic, 1890 to 1892
Authors: Briskievicz Danilo Arnaldo 
Published: February 2018

Analisamos a conjuntura de criação e funcionamento do Conselho de Intendência do Serro no período de 23 de janeiro de 1890 a 07 de março de 1892, em especial sua Inspeção Municipal, responsável pelo novo projeto modernizador da instrução pública no município-sede e seus distritos. Discutimos a respeito dos conflitos inerentes ao novo projeto de instrução pública considerando quatro pontos: o primeiro é como o ideário positivista da modernização da instrução pública se manifestou; o segundo é como a imensidade geográfica do município e de seus distritos afetou o projeto renovador; o terceiro é como o funcionamento burocrático através de documentos se dava no contexto (impactado pelas reformas de Leôncio de Carvalho, de 1879 e de Benjamin Constant, iniciada em 1890) e o quarto é o embate republicano na imprensa serrana. A metodologia utilizada é a de pesquisa documental das fontes primárias do Conselho de Intendência do Arquivo de Câmara do IPHAN Serro, bem como de fontes primárias e secundárias da história do Serro, de Minas Gerais e do Brasil, como leis, decretos, portarias, recibos de obras e livros, além de fontes secundárias de autores ligados à história da educação imperial e republicana para ampliação conceitual do contexto pesquisado. Espera-se como resultado oferecer uma contribuição para a história da educação no Brasil republicano. * * *We analyze the creation and functioning of the Serro Council Intendance of from January 23, 1890 to March 7, 1892, in particular its Municipal Inspection, responsible for the new modernization project of public education in the city and its districts. We discussed the conflicts inherent in the new public education project considering four points: the first is how the positivist ideology of the modernization of public instruction manifested itself; the second is how the geographical immensity of the municipality and its districts affected the renovating project; the third is how the bureaucratic operation through documents occurred in the context (impacted by the reforms of Leôncio de Carvalho, 1879 and Benjamin Constant, begun in 1890) and the fourth is the republican clash in the mountain press. The methodology used is documentary research of the primary sources of the Council of Intendance of the Chamber Archive of IPHAN Serro, as well as primary and secondary sources in the history of Serro, Minas Gerais and Brazil, such as laws, decrees, ordinances, receipts works and books, as well as secondary sources of authors related to the history of imperial and republican education for conceptual extension of the researched context. As a result, it is expected to contribute to the history of education in republican Brazil.
La estructura del protocolo y las relaciones públicas en el estado de las autonomías
Authors: Otero Alvarado María Teresa 
Published: February 2018

Desde los orígenes de la humanidad, en todas las civilizaciones, el proto­ colo ha sido el elemento ordenador de los ámbitos espacio-temporales en los que ha tenido lugar cualquier aparición pública o manifestación exter­ na de aquellas personas o grupos que han ejercido el poder. Aparece en cualquier grupo humano y período histórico, sin discernir sobre el carácter legítimo o ilegítimo de ese poder: ordena las actuaciones y los espacios públicos donde se ejerce con criterios prácticos, al margen de regímenes políticos y formas que éstos adopten (totalitarios o democráticos, repúbli­ cas o monarquías).
Spil, leg og idræt i nordisk middelalder
Authors: Søndergaard Leif 
Published: February 2018

Beskrivelse af de sociale klassers sportsdyrkelse og bevægelseskulturer i middelalderen i de nordiske lande.Games and Sports in the Middle Ages in the NorthFrom Saxo’s Gesta Danorum (ce. 1200), the Icelandic Sagas and the Norwegian King’s Mirror (ce. 1250), we obtain the clear impression that games and sports in the early Middle Ages served two main functions: 1) to display physical strength and 2) to train in the proper use of weapons. These abilities were needed at all levels of Viking and early medieval society. Even kings had to distinguish themselves in sports. Later in the Middle Ages sports and games were socially differentiated. The peasantry continued with trials of strength, – wrestling, boxing, tug-of-war, running and jumping games, ball games, throwing the javelin, shooting with longbow or crossbow, stone lifting etc. The nobility however developed new games. The chivalric virtues, values and norms were transmuted into tournaments. A full scale tournament comprised three sections: 1) riding at the ring, 2) fights between riding knights armed with lances and, 3) standing fights with swords. The nobles also played skittles and other games. The burghers in the towns invented their own games during the Later Middle Ages. Their guilds organised festive sports at Shrovetide, pulling the head off a goose, sword dancing, riding summer and winter, – and at Pentecost, shooting popinjays (a wooden figure on the end of a pole). During the Middle Ages sports and games lost most of their original function of displaying power. Instead they aspired to a place among the rituals of representative courtly display. The games were often integrated into annual festivities, and contributed to giving a distinct cultural identity to each of the social groups who performed them.
Folkelighedsbegrebet i praksis - en vandrelærers arbejde i 1920'ernes Sydslesvig
Authors: Danielsen Anebine 
Published: February 2018

The concept of “folkelighed” in practice. The work of an itinerant teacher in the southern Schlesvig of the 1920’sThis article attempts to pin down the way in which an element of “folkelighed” was central to the wide variety of work carried out by itinerant teachers in southern Schlesvig. After the referendum of 1920 and the fixing of the national boundary with Germany, the occupation of itinerant teacher was established south of the new border for the purpose of strengthening, in conjunction with private tuition in Danishminded homes, elements of Danishness. Taking the activities of the itinerant teacher, Jørgen Jørgensen, as an example, we see how popular nationalism at grassroots level was just as clearly visible in games and woodwork lessons as it was in history and Danish. The concept of “folkelighed” was on a par with Christianity, and nationalist thinking was an indispensable part of the mental baggage that belonged to the period and to the area and was therefore a natural component of everyday activity. Jørgen Jørgensen made a very committed contribution. He was a firebrand, who devoted his life to itinerant teaching and his significance for local society can be compared to the earlier platoon commanders. His work can be seen as an example of the way in which the concept of “folkelighed” was acted out in practice. The article concludes with some thoughts on the subject of the concept of “folkelighed” in our day, which, however much its reduced emphasis on nationalist and Christian elements has made it less distinct, nevertheless remains in great demand.
Sundhed, glæde, fællesskab - og hvor modsætningerne ligger. Om idrættens enhed og mangfoldighed i Finland
Authors: Eichberg Henning 
Published: February 2018

Diskussion af historieskrivning med bl.a. Helsingfors Gymnastikklubb og olympismens historiske faser fra slutningen af 1800-tallet og frem som eksempler.Health, pleasure, brotherhood – and where are the contradictions? On unity and diversity in Finnish sportsSome recent publications of Finnish research tell important stories about the otherness and heterogenity of sport in Finnish history. But they also do more than this. Some fundamental questions are being raised about the nature of history, about tradition, change and disappearance. How does research understand its own relation to the organised “unity” of Olympic sport – and to the diversity of conflicting body cultures? And how do researchers find their place or move between an integration into the “monotheism of achievement”, an individual subjectivity and the solidarity of cultural struggle?
Dansk idræt under hagekorsets tegn
Authors: Bonde Hans 
Published: February 2018

Artiklen belyser idrættens rolle og betydning under anden verdenskrig med fokus på bl.a. Danmarks Idræts-Forbunds relation til besættelsesmagten.Danish Sport under the sign of the swastikaOn 9th April 1940 Denmark was invaded and occupied. This article deals with the response of the Danish Sports community to the German Occupation. Immediately after the German invasion the urban sports movement proved reasonably staunch in asserting the traditional apolitical status of sport in the face of German pressure. However, the wish to maintain the range and quality of Danish sport gradually became crucial to a resumption of sporting relations with Germany, which gave the occupying power considerable propaganda advantages through Danish-German international sporting events. Several rural gymnastics associations were active in the initial phases of reactionary attemps by the the world-famous Danish gymnastics leader Niels Bukh’s to create a Danish Youth League. However, there was opposition to fraternizing on football fields and other sports locations. The Danish response to fascist militarism was complex – compromise and confrontation worked side by side.
The reception of Dopingdjævlen (1999) in Denmark
Authors: Hoberman John 
Published: February 2018

Diskussion af Verner Møllers bog 'Dopingdjævelen' - om dopingskandaler og Tour de France i slutningen af 1990'erne.The Reception of Dopingdjævlen (The Devil of Dope) (1999) in Denmark)The publication of Verner Møller’s Dopingdjævlen a year after the 1998 Tour de France scandal was in itself a kind of media event that gave the doping debate in Denmark an analytical dimension that is usually lacking in public discussions of this topic. The fact that an academic intellectual had succeeded in entering the public discussion of athletic doping in an original, heretical and highly publicized manner provoked a reaction that can teach us much about the status of “doping” in modern societies that consume large quantities of “legitimate” drugs. For one of the consequences of reading Verner Møller’s book was to be confronted with the uncomfortable possibility that the drug use of professional cyclists was not, in some respects, fundamentally different from the drug use of millions of people who regard their own pharmacological habits as being both normal and legitimate.