bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microstructural evolution, phase selection and properties of CoCrCuFeMn
x
Ni high-entropy alloys
Authors: Du Wendong , Liu Ning , Zhou Pengjie , Wang Xiaojing , Wang Bin , Peng Zhen 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Manganese was added to face-centered-cubic (fcc) high-entropy CoCrCuFeNi alloy to investigate the effects of Mn content on the microstructures, phase selection, and properties of CoCrCuFeMn
x
Ni. CoCrCuFeMn
x
Ni showed typical dendrite and interdendritic structures, and nanoprecipitates including Cu-rich cubic and Cr-rich acicular ones, were obtained in the interdendritic region. Calculated phase-selection-related parameters indicated that the formation of fcc phase was favored. Although two fcc structures were detected by X-ray diffraction, the interdendritic region showed body-centered-cubic, Cr-rich nanoprecipitates when x < 0.5. It is worth noting that the CoCrCuFeMn2.0Ni interdendrites showed an amorphous phase. CoCrCuFeMn
x
Ni showed considerable ductility and increasing compressive strengths with increasing Mn content.
Co3O4/carbon nano-onions composite as supercapacitor electrode and its excellent electrochemical performance
Authors: Wang Chen , Zhu Fuliang , Wang Gongrui , Xiao Mingjun , Meng Yanshuang , Zhang Yue 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
An ionic liquid derived Co3O4/carbon nano-onions composite has been prepared by carbothermal reduction followed by oxidation. The introduction of carbon nano-onions improves the conductivity and structural stability of Co3O4 electrode material. Electrochemical measurements indicate that the redox reversibility is significantly improved. The Co3O4/carbon nano-onions composite shows a large specific capacitance of 402.35 F g–1 at a current density of 0.5 A g–1. After 9000 cycles, the specific capacitance retention remained 76% at 1 A g–1. The as-prepared Co3O4/carbon nano-onions composite delivers superior capacitive performance with good rate capability, large specific capacitance, and excellent cyclic performance, showing great application potential for high-performance electrochemical supercapacitors.
Auditoria de avaliação das não conformidades relativas à NR-18 e seu impacto no custo de empreendimentos do subsetor edificações
Authors: Carvalho Luiza Lopes , Neves João Alberto 
Published: July 2018

A indústria da Construção Civil é um dos setores que apresentam as piores condições de segurança e consequentemente o maior número de acidentes de trabalho todos os anos. Dentre os fatos que justificam essa realidade tem-se a falta de cumprimento da lei ou regulamentação adequada de segurança. Diante desse cenário, é necessário que os empregadores formem uma consciência sobre o problema, implementando alternativas eficazes para o seu enfrentamento, dentre elas a implantação de programas de prevenção. É um fato incontestável que inúmeros acidentes seriam evitados, se as empresas adotassem os princípios mínimos de segurança presentes na Norma Regulamentadora NR-18. Ela estabelece diretrizes que objetivam a implantação de medidas de controle e sistemas preventivos de segurança no meio ambiente de trabalho da indústria da Construção, que deveriam estar presentes nos arranjos físicos dos canteiros. Dessa forma, o presente artigo tem como objetivo aplicar um instrumento qualitativo, em 31 canteiros de obras da cidade de Macaé, que contribua para a avaliação de elementos críticos em Programas de Avaliação das Condições de Trabalho da Indústria da Construção Civil. Além disso, quantificar as possíveis multas a serem pagas pelo não cumprimento da NR-18 e fazer comparações com o valor que deve ser investido para que as empresas de estudo consigam adequar suas não conformidades, de forma a comprovar que, em média, é menos custoso para a empresa investir em segurança do trabalho, do que ficar sujeita ao pagamento de multas que aumentem significativamente os custos finais do empreendimento.
Advancing global aerosol simulations with size-segregated anthropogenic particle number emissions
Authors: Xausa Filippo , Paasonen Pauli , Makkonen Risto , Arshinov Mikhail , Ding Aijun , Denier Van Der Gon Hugo , Kerminen Veli-Matti , Kulmala Markku 
Published: July 2018

Abstract. Climate models are important tools that are used for generating climate
change projections, in which aerosol–climate interactions are one of the
main sources of uncertainties. In order to quantify aerosol–radiation and
aerosol–cloud interactions, detailed input of anthropogenic aerosol number
emissions is necessary. However, the anthropogenic aerosol number emissions
are usually converted from the corresponding mass emissions in pre-compiled
emission inventories through a very simplistic method depending uniquely on
chemical composition, particle size and density, which are defined for a few,
very wide main source sectors. In this work, the anthropogenic particle
number emissions converted from the AeroCom mass in the ECHAM-HAM climate
model were replaced with the recently formulated number emissions from the
Greenhouse Gas and Air Pollution Interactions and Synergies (GAINS) model. In
the GAINS model the emission number size distributions vary, for example,
with respect to the fuel and technology. Special attention was paid to
accumulation mode particles (particle diameter dp > 100 nm)
because of (i) their capability of acting as cloud condensation nuclei (CCN),
thus forming cloud droplets and affecting Earth's radiation budget, and
(ii) their dominant role in forming the coagulation sink and thus limiting
the concentration of sub-100 nm particles. In addition, the estimates of
anthropogenic CCN formation, and thus the forcing from aerosol–climate
interactions, are expected to be affected. Analysis of global particle number
concentrations and size distributions reveals that GAINS implementation
increases CCN concentration compared with AeroCom, with regional enhancement
factors reaching values as high as 10. A comparison between modeled and
observed concentrations shows that the increase in number concentration for
accumulation mode particles agrees well with measurements, but it leads to a
consistent underestimation of both nucleation mode and Aitken mode
(dp < 100 nm) particle number concentrations. This suggests
that revisions are needed in the new particle formation and growth schemes
currently applied in global modeling frameworks.
The Alvarrões-Gonçalo Li project: an example of sustainable lithium mining
Authors: Sousa Rui , Ramos Violeta , Guedes Alexandra , Noronha Fernando , Botelho de Sousa Ana , Machado Leite Mário , Seltmann Reimar , Dolgopolova Alla 
Published: July 2018

Abstract. Across Europe, small scale deposits of critical materials and/or strategic elements, such as W, Li and Sn, are not viable to mine and process using the traditional large scale mining and processing technologies due to their geological characteristics. Project FAME (Flexible And Mobile Economic Processing Technologies, EC Horizon 2020 Grant Agreement No. 641650) was created in order to specifically address the technical and environmental challenges to the sustainable processing of low sulphide ores from pegmatites, greisens and skarns deposits. One of the deposits, Alvarrões-Gonçalo, is a Li pegmatite located at the Gonçalo pegmatite field (Central Portugal) that is being investigated on the scope of the concerned project. Currently, the pegmatites are only being exploited for ceramics, aggregates and ornamental purposes, however, there is exploitation potential for Li2O-rich ores. Froth flotation is being tested to produce a lepidolite concentrate. Results showed the feasibility to obtain a Li2O grade adequate for the metallurgical production of lithium compounds as Li2CO3. The lepidolite flotation rejects, normally stored in tailings dumps, are mainly composed by a mixture of feldspars, quartz and non-recovered lepidolite (though a very low content), which is, by itself, a very interesting raw material for ceramic purposes. Consequently, mining exploitation of lepidolite, as Li2O ore, from pegmatite could comply with the standards of “green mining”, reaching an almost “zero waste” exploitation, as it can be accomplished in the case of the mineral processing of the Alvarrões-Gonçalo lithium ore. This basic scenario could be improved by applying froth flotation also for feldspars/quartz separation, aiming at obtaining a high content feldspars concentrate (floated) and a quartz product (non-floated): the feldspars concentrate can be used to produce blends with different ratios feldspars/quartz for sanitary ware and tiles and quartz for other uses, such as glasses and “silica flour”.
Defining and analyzing the frequency and severity of flood events to improve risk management from a reinsurance standpoint
Authors: Morrill Elliott P. , Becker Joseph F. 
Published: July 2018

Abstract. The National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) debt has accelerated research
into private flood insurance options. Offering this coverage begins with the
ability to transfer the risk to the reinsurance market. Within the industry,
perils such as hurricanes and earthquakes have standard definitions, but no
such definition exists for floods. An event definition must examine the
spatial and temporal aspects of the flood as well as the complexities of
individual events. In this paper we were able to apply a data-driven
methodology to capture and aggregate flood peaks into independent events. To
aggregate flood peaks into independent events we needed to define what
constituted a basin as our area of aggregation. The USGS utilizes the
hydrological unit code (HUC) a 2- to 12-digit code that follows the
Pfafsetter Coding System. The HUC code is used to identify varying levels of
basin sizes ranging from region (2 digits) to subwatershed (12 digits).
We chose to analyze both the HUC8 and HUC6, and a total of 7932 HUC8 events and
8444 HUC6 events were recorded during the 15 water years used in our study.
Each event was characterized by duration, magnitude and severity. Focusing
on the HUC8, events were unevenly distributed nationally while severity was
relatively evenly distributed. The goal for our study was to take a method
and be able to apply it to basins of varying characteristics. This framework
relied on the ability to analyze the individual processes related to each
individual basin.
Integrated Guidance and Control Based on Improved Backstepping Method Under Input Saturation and Attitude Angle Constraints
Authors: Dong Fei , Zhang Xiaoyu , Tan Panlong 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTIn order to improve the penetration ability of missiles in the end guidance stage, and considering the delay problem when designing the guidance control loop separately, this article mainly studies the design problem of an integrated guidance control law under input saturation and attitude angle constraints. For the lower triangular structure model of the integrated guidance and control system, this article mainly uses an improved backstepping method to design the controller, and introduces an error compensation term in the design of the virtual controller to improve system stability. Introducing auxiliary variables and barrier Lyapunov functions to handle saturation and state constraint problems; in the face of the main problems of atmospheric disturbances, unmodeled dynamic errors of the system, and unknown acceleration of the target, this article mainly adopts a finite time observer for processing. The final simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of the controller designed in this article.
Engineering Higher‐Order Topological Confinement via Acoustic Non‐Hermitian Textures
Authors: Hu Bolun , Zhang Zhiwang , Liu Yimin , Liao Danwei , Zhu Yuanzhou , Zhang Haixiao , Cheng Ying , Liu Xiaojun , Christensen Johan 
Published: November 2024

AbstractHigher‐order topological insulators are a newly unveiled category of topological materials, distinguished by their exceptional characteristics absent in conventional topological insulators, e.g., 1D hinge states, or zero‐dimensional corner states, for instance. Adding attenuating or amplifying components manifest even richer and more intricate non‐Hermitian topological properties. While losses, for the most part, come for free, decorating topological systems with the gain counterpart poses significant challenges. Here, a non‐Hermitian second‐order topological insulator (SOTI) is constructed for a sonic demonstration, by bestowing a cavity‐based lattice both with electro‐thermoacoustic gain and loss. The inner cavity walls are decorated with electrically biased carbon nanotube films to be able to manipulate spatially and in strength, a non‐Hermitian response at will. These measurements demonstrate that this flexibility allows us to design highly unconventional interface and corner confining topologies by decisively engineering gain and loss textures within the unit cell. It is foreseen that the advances may enable new avenues for energy harvesting and fundamental understanding in condensed matter and classical topological physics.
Hybrid DNA Origami – Graphene Platform for Electrically‐Gated Nanoscale Motion
Authors: Azevedo João D. G. , Queirós Tiago , Camarneiro Filipe , Lopes Maria João , Freitas João , Purwidyantri Agnes , Prakash Praneetha Sundar , Chandrasekhar Soumya , Schmidt Thorsten‐Lars , Alpuim Pedro , Nieder Jana B. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractA proof‐of‐principle device for axial high‐resolution operation that combines a deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) origami with a functionalized graphene layer is presented, analyzed by nanoscopy. Along the DNA origami structure, ATTO‐488 fluorophores are bound at specific distances from graphene, from where specific fluorescence lifetime values are expected due to nearfield energy transfer processes. These are characterized by Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Microscopy (FLIM). Through modulation of the electrostatic potential of graphene under electrical gating, changes in the fluorescence lifetimes are observed. These are understood as the result of changed energy transfer coupling conditions between the fluorophore and graphene's electronic states, combined with a vertical displacement of the DNA origami structure that matches molecular dimensions. A hybrid architecture is provided whose nanoscale operation depends on the applied voltage regime. A potential application of these findings may be envisioned for biocompatible sensing approaches, in medical or environmental sensing.
Water Soluble Rare‐Earth(III) based Coordination Polymers with Luminescence Versatility in Various Media: Reaching the Sky of Quantum Efficiency
Authors: Razquin‐Bobillo Laura , Zabala‐Lekuona Andoni , García Jose Angel , Rodríguez‐Diéguez Antonio , Cepeda Javier 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe preparation of highly efficient photoluminescent rare‐earth based coordination compounds, characterized by photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) over 90% and thermal/chemical stability that allows their processing in various media (aqueous solutions, polymeric films, etc.) holds enormous significance in their applicability. Herein, a family of isostructural coordination polymers (CPs) with 6‐methyl‐2‐oxonicotinate (6m2onic) ligand, chemically and structurally characterized as {[M(6m2onic)4Na(H2O)3]·8H2O}n [where M(III) = Eu (1Eu), Tb (2Tb), Gd (3Gd), Y (4Y) and Eu0.5Tb0.5 (5Eu‐Tb)], are reported. Their peculiar crystal structure, based on a hydrogen‐bonded framework of 1D arrays in which octacoordinated metal centers (established by four chelating 6m2onic ligands) and Na centers are sequentially linked, gives rise to an excellent metal–organic system benefitting from not only bright PL emissions in solid state but also enough chemical and thermal stability as to yield PL water‐soluble complexes and photostable thin‐films. In particular, the terbium(III)‐based counterpart highlights for its first‐in‐class PLQY and versatility, which imbues the compound with efficiencies of 97% in bulk state, 35% in aqueous solution, 85% in polymer‐based thin‐films and 15% after its calcination at 250 °C. The experimental photophysical characterization in those media, involving also pH‐responsive behavior, is well supported by a solid theoretical analysis of their intramolecular transfers and electronic transitions.
Highly Stable Mixed Halide Perovskite Nanocrystals for High Performance Pure‐Red Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Ye Siyuan , Lin Fei , Peng Linwei , Li Jiaxin , Ruan Qiaohui , Lin Zhuohan , Xu Wang , Li Yan 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPure‐red CsPbBrxI3−x nanocrystals (NCs) light‐emitting diodes (PeLEDs) are promising candidates for high‐performance display due to their high brightness, excellent color purity and readily tunable band gap. However, achieving highly stable pure‐red PeLEDs is still challenging due to phase segregation in the mixed halide CsPbBrxI3−x NCs. Herein, pure‐red mixed halide CsPbBrxI3−x NCs with a relatively small size are synthesized using phosphate acid as a ligand, effectively avoiding spontaneous phase separation. The strong interaction between phosphate ligands and Pb2+ facilitates the slow formation of CsPbBrxI3−x NCs, resulting in relatively small NC sizes. In addition, a dense phosphate passivation layer forms around the surface of NCs, which imparts excellent stability to the NCs against light, moisture and heat treatment. Utilizing the highly stable CsPbBrxI3−x NCs as an emission layer, pure‐red PeLEDs emitting at 633 nm, with an external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 10.0%, a brightness of 8231 cd m−2 and a half‐life of 393 min, are fabricated. Notably, the PeLEDs show excellent stability, with negligible changes in the emission spectra under an elevated bias voltage of 14 V. This work provides a new avenue for enhancing the performance of pure red PeLEDs through strongly coordinated phosphate ligand passivation.
Self‐Assembled Nanocarriers of Synthetic and Natural Plasmalogens for Potential Nanomedicine Development
Authors: Wu Yu , Angelov Borislav , Deng Yuru , Fujino Takehiko , Hossain Md Shamim , Bizien Thomas , Angelova Angelina 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPlasmalogens are bioactive glycerophospholipids with a vinyl ether bond at the sn‐1 position of the glycerol backbone, which imparts free‐radical scavenging properties. Amelioration of the plasmalogen levels, which decline with aging, is required for novel metabolic therapies for Parkinson's disease (PD), Alzheimer's disease (AD), and dementia. This work designed, prepared, and in vitro characterized plasmalogen‐loaded lipid nanoparticles with neuroprotective potential for neuronanomedicine. Liquid crystalline nanoparticles formed by natural scallop‐derived plasmalogens are in vitro evaluated with respect to synthetic docosapentaenoyl (DPA) plasmenyl (vinyl ether) glycerophospholipids, formulated with the helper lipid monoolein (MO). The structural organization of the lipid nanoparticles is characterized by synchrotron small‐angle X‐ray scattering (SAXS). The employed self‐assembly technique yielded plasmalogen‐based nanoassemblies of hexosome, cubosome, vesicular, or intermediate topology types. The internalization of fluorescently‐labeled nanoparticles in differentiated human neuroblastoma SH‐SY5Y cells is followed by flow cytometry. Under the investigated conditions, the scallop‐derived plasmalogen nanocarriers significantly influenced the measured mitochondrial membrane potential compared to those involving synthetic plasmalogens with DPA chains. Levels of protein biomarkers, such as brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), can be regulated depending on the nanocarrier type. The results identified cubosome, hexosome, and vesicular types of plasmalogen nanocarriers presenting antioxidant properties and preserving neuronal cell integrity and viability.
Targeting tRNA‐Derived Non‐Coding RNA Alleviates Diabetes‐Induced Visual Impairment through Protecting Retinal Neurovascular Unit
Authors: Yao Jin , Yao Wen , Zhu Jun‐Ya , Liu Yan , Liu Jin‐Hong , Ji Yu‐Ke , Ni Xi‐Shen , Mu Wan , Yan Biao 
Published: November 2024

AbstractDiabetes is a major risk factor for compromised visual health, leading to retinal vasculopathy and neuropathy, both of which are hallmarks of neurovascular unit dysfunction. Despite the critical impact of diabetic retinopathy, the precise mechanism underlying neurovascular coupling and effective strategies to suppress neurovascular dysfunction remain unclear. In this study, the up‐regulation of a tRNA‐derived stress‐induced RNA, 5′tiRNA‐His‐GTG, in response to diabetic stress is revealed. 5′tiRNA‐His‐GTG directly regulates Müller glia action and indirectly alters endothelial angiogenic effects and retinal ganglion cell (RGC) survival in vitro. Downregulation of 5′tiRNA‐His‐GTG alleviates diabetes‐induced retinal neurovascular dysfunction, characterized by reduced retinal vascular dysfunction, decreased retinal neurodegeneration, and improved visually‐guided behaviors in vivo. Mechanistically, 5′tiRNA‐His‐GTG acts as a key regulator of retinal neurovascular dysfunction, primarily by modulating arachidonic acid (AA) metabolism via the CYPs pathway. The 5′tiRNA‐His‐GTG‐CYP2E1‐19(S)‐HETE signaling axis is identified as a key driver of retinal neurovascular dysfunction. Thus, targeting 5′tiRNA‐His‐GTG presents a promising therapeutic strategy for treating vasculopathy and neuropathy associated with diabetes mellitus. Modulating this novel signaling pathway can open up new avenues for intervention in diabetic retinopathy and its related complications.
Assessing the efficacy of Arthrospira maxima biofertilizers and commercial alternatives on cash crop growth
Authors: Marín‐Marín Camila Andrea , Estrada José Alberto , Delgado Naranjo Juan Martín , Zapata Ocampo Paola Andrea 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBiofertilizers offer a sustainable alternative to chemical fertilizers, notorious for their harmful impact on the environment and human health. Sources of biofertilizers include cyanobacteria, such as those from the genus Arthrospira, which contain bioactive compounds that enhance plant growth directly and indirectly. To promote widespread biofertilizer adoption, experimental trials are essential to compare their efficacy against chemical fertilizers and different biofertilizer varieties. Some biofertilizers rely on ultrasonication for cell rupture, but since A. maxima undergoes sun‐drying to obtain the biomass powder, which also ruptures cells, ultrasonication may be unnecessary. We assessed the biofertilizer capabilities of Arthrospira maxima (Setchell & N.L. Gardner) Geitler biomass on three cash crops, banana (Musa acuminata Colla), cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.), and eggplant (Solanum melongena Mill. Dunal). We compared sonicated and non‐sonicated biomass (both 20 g L−1) against a commercially available, brown algae Ascophyllum nodosum (L.) biofertilizer (4 mL L−1 OptiMar), a commercially available chemical fertilizer (1.5 mL L−1 Triple15), and a negative control of tap water. Few differences were observed among A. maxima treatments, suggesting sonication might be unnecessary. OptiMar, Triple15, and the negative control did not yield the highest biometric values of any trait in any crop. If commercially available fertilizers and biofertilizers do not outperform the negative control, it raises crucial questions regarding their effectiveness and the appropriate concentrations at which they should be applied. Non‐sonicated biomass often outperformed OptiMar, Triple15, and the negative control, demonstrating the potential Arthrospira maxima has for stimulating plant growth without ultrasonication.