bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlating videofluoroscopic swallow study findings with subjective globus location
Authors: Ortiz Alexandra S. , Lawton Alexandria , Rives Elizabeth , Gutierrez Gerry , Dion Gregory R. 
Published: October 2018

ObjectivePatients with globus, the sensation of something stuck in the throat, are evaluated by otolaryngologists, gastroenterologists, and speech pathologists and often undergo multiple tests and interventions. We hypothesize that a videofluoroscopic swallow study (VFSS) is useful to characterize globus etiology and correlate subjective globus location to atypical VFSS findings.MethodRetrospective chart review of all patients undergoing VFSS over a 24‐month period with a primary complaint of globus. Globus was characterized by the patient as above the thyroid notch, between the thyroid notch and sternum, or substernal. VFSS findings were categorized as oropharyngeal, pharyngoesophageal, or esophageal based on nine VFSS abnormalities and then further broken out for subgroup analyses.ResultsOf 216 patients meeting study criteria, 109 patients localized globus above the thyroid notch, 74 between the thyroid notch and sternum, and 33 substernal. One hundred ninety‐five patients (90.3%) had at least one finding on VFSS that could account for symptoms, and the majority had multiple. In fact, 21 patients (9.7%) with dysphagia localized above the thyroid notch had evidence of distal esophageal abnormalities, and 15 (6.9%) with dysphagia localized substernal had oropharyngeal abnormalities.ConclusionWhereas VFSS was likely to identify abnormalities, these areas relate poorly overall with the patient's subjective globus location, and the clinical utility of the study is questionable.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 129:335–338, 2019
Peak nasal inspiratory flow is a useful measure of nasal airflow in functional septorhinoplasty
Authors: Fuller Jennifer C. , Gadkaree Shekhar K. , Levesque Patricia A. , Lindsay Robin W. 
Published: October 2018

ObjectiveTo evaluate the utility of peak nasal inspiratory flow (PNIF) as a measure of nasal airflow and functional septorhinoplasty (FSRP) outcomes.MethodsPatients with nasal obstruction were administered Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE) questionnaire and PNIF testing between January 2015 and 2018. Surgical patients repeated these tests at 2, 4, 6, 12, and 24 months postoperatively. Patient demographics and operative techniques were recorded.ResultsA total of 610 patients were evaluated for nasal obstruction with mean (standard deviation [SD]) NOSE score of 61.5 (23.2) and PNIF of 74.1 (35.4) liters per minute (L/min); correlation −0.16 (P < 0.001). Predictors of lower PNIF were female gender (β = −13.3, 95% confidence interval [CI] 7.7 to 18.2, P < .001) and higher NOSE scores (β = −0.43, 95% CI 0.19 to 0.68, P < 0.001). A total of 281 patients underwent FSRP with statistically and clinically significant improvements in both mean NOSE and PNIF scores that were stable out to 2 years. NOSE scores changed −41.0 (25.5) points, and PNIF improved 20.7 (35.5) L/min at last follow‐up. Grafting material did not affect outcomes, whereas spreader grafts improved PNIF values (β = 25.46, 95% CI 5.5 to 45.4, P = 0.013). Clinically significant changes between NOSE and PNIF were concordant, although the correlation was weak (r = −0.26, P = 0.02).ConclusionPeak nasal inspiratory flow is a rapid, cheap, and easily performed test that detects nasal obstruction and clinically significant improvements in airflow following FSRP. Although PNIF does not correlate well enough with the patient experience of nasal obstruction to be used as a diagnostic tool, it does provide unique and complementary information useful for evaluating, understanding, and improving the effects of surgical techniques.Level of Evidence2C Laryngoscope, 129:594–601, 2019
Noncommutative topology and Jordan operator algebras
Authors: Blecher David P. , Neal Matthew 
Published: October 2018

AbstractJordan operator algebras are norm‐closed spaces of operators on a Hilbert space with for all . We study noncommutative topology, noncommutative peak sets and peak interpolation, and hereditary subalgebras of Jordan operator algebras. We show that Jordan operator algebras present perhaps the most general setting for a “full” noncommutative topology in the ‐algebraic sense of Akemann, L. G. Brown, Pedersen, etc, and as modified for not necessarily selfadjoint algebras by the authors with Read, Hay and other coauthors. Our breakthrough relies in part on establishing several strong variants of ‐algebraic results of Brown relating to hereditary subalgebras, proximinality, deeper facts about for a left ideal L in a ‐algebra, noncommutative Urysohn lemmas, etc. We also prove several other approximation results in ‐algebras and various subspaces of ‐algebras, related to open and closed projections and technical ‐algebraic results of Brown.
Conductive textile as wearable electrode in intrabody communications
Authors: Asogwa Clement O. , Libeson Vlad , Lai Daniel T. H. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractConventional electrodes are widely used for low‐frequency applications such as biopotential measurements. However, with current advances in intrabody communication (IBC), wearable devices for health monitoring have become popular in biomedical sensing, data acquisition and high‐frequency communication systems. Wearable dry electrodes for health monitoring, made from conductive polymers, are often not properly tested for motion artefacts and lack adequate documentation. Traditionally, wet medical electrodes made with conductive gel degrades as absorption, and evaporation occurs. In this work, we introduce a new wearable dry surface electrode from conductive yarn and characterise it by motion artefact effects at 900 kHz in relation to popular wet electrodes. We also compare measurements of skin‐electrode contact impedance and scattering parameters and show that for 60 min of monitoring, dry electrode made of silver conductive textile changed by 0.82% while Ambu WhiteSensor 4500M changed by 2.25% and Noraxon #270 changed by 1.61% at low frequencies. Thus, our wearable dry electrode has more stable skin‐electrode impedance. Our wearable band electrode had a maximum of 1.0 dB loss when a 0 dB signal is transmitted across a 20‐cm channel length in comparison with Ambu WhiteSensor and Noraxon #270 electrodes which dropped by 2.62 and 2.18 dB, respectively. The result indicates that dry wearable electrodes are more suitable for measurements where body movement is restricted.
Utilizing simulated errors in radiotherapy plans to quantify the effectiveness of the physics plan review
Authors: Gopan Olga , Smith Wade P. , Chvetsov Alexei , Hendrickson Kristi , Kalet Alan , Kim Minsun , Nyflot Matthew , Phillips Mark , Young Lori , Novak Avrey , Zeng Jing , Ford Eric 
Published: October 2018

PurposeThe review of a radiation therapy plan by a physicist prior to treatment is a standard tool for ensuring the quality of treatments. However, little is known about how well this task is performed in practice. The goal of this study is to present a novel method to measure the effectiveness of physics plan review by introducing simulated errors into computerized “mock” treatment charts and measuring the performance of plan review by physicists.MethodsWe generated six simulated treatment charts containing multiple errors. To select errors, we compiled a list based on events from a departmental incident learning system and an international incident learning system (SAFRON). Seventeen errors with the highest scores for frequency and severity were included in the simulations included six mock treatment charts. Eight physicists reviewed the simulated charts as they would a normal pretreatment plan review, with each chart being reviewed by at least six physicists. There were 113 data points for evaluation. Observer bias was minimized using a simple error vs hidden error approach, using detectability scores for stratification. The confidence interval for the proportion of errors detected was computed using the Wilson score interval.ResultsSimulated errors were detected in 67% of reviews [58–75%] (95% confidence interval [CI] in brackets). Of the errors included in the simulated plans, the following error scenarios had the highest detection rates: an incorrect isocenter in DRR (93% [70–99%]), a planned dose different from the prescribed dose (92% [67–99%]) and invalid QA (85% [58–96%]). Errors with low detection rates included incorrect CT dataset (0%, [0–39%]) and incorrect isocenter localization in planning system (38% [18–64%]). Detection rates of errors from simulated charts were compared against observed detection rates of errors from a departmental incident learning system.ConclusionsIt has been notoriously difficult to quantify error and safety performance in oncology. This study uses a novel technique of simulated errors to quantify performance and suggests that the pretreatment physics plan review identifies some errors with high fidelity while other errors are more challenging to detect. These data will guide future work on standardization and automation. The example process studied here was physics plan review, but this approach of simulated errors may be applied in other contexts as well and may also be useful for training and education purposes.
Clinical course of chronic suppurative lung disease and bronchiectasis in Alaska Native children
Authors: Kinghorn BreAnna , Singleton Rosalyn , McCallum Gabrielle B. , Bulkow Lisa , Grimwood Keith , Hermann Leslie , Chang Anne B. , Redding Gregory 
Published: October 2018

IntroductionAlaska Native (AN) children from the Yukon Kuskokwim (YK) Delta region have high rates of chronic suppurative lung disease (CSLD), including bronchiectasis. We characterized the clinical progress of an AN adolescent cohort with CSLD/bronchiectasis, and estimated bronchiectasis prevalence trends in this region.MethodsThe original cohort comprised 41 AN children (originally aged 0.5‐8 years) with CSLD/bronchiectasis, recruited between 2005 and 2008, with follow‐up in 2015‐2016. Clinical assessments, lung function, radiography, medical chart review, and spirometry were obtained. We also conducted data queries of bronchiectasis diagnoses in YK individuals born between 1990 and 2010 to estimate prevalence.ResultsThirty‐four (83%) of the original cohort aged 7.3‐17.6 years were reviewed, of whom 14 (41%) had high‐resolution computed tomography (HRCT)‐confirmed bronchiectasis, eight (24%) had no evidence of bronchiectasis on HRCT scans, while 12 (35%) had not undergone HRCT scans. Annual lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) frequency decreased with age, although 27 (79%) still had respiratory symptoms, including all with HRCT‐confirmed bronchiectasis, who were also more likely than those without confirmed bronchiectasis to have recent wheeze (80 vs 25%, P = 0.005), auscultatory crackles (60 vs 0%, P < 0.001), and lower mean forced expiratory volume in 1‐second/forced vital capacity ratio (73 vs 79%, P = 0.03). The bronchiectasis prevalence for YK AN people born during 2000‐2009 was 7 per 1000 births, which was lower than previously reported.ConclusionDespite reduced LRTI frequency, most AN children with CSLD/bronchiectasis had symptoms/signs of underlying lung disease as they entered adolescence. Close clinical follow‐up remains essential for managing these patients as they transition to adulthood.
Exposure of a population of invasive wild pigs to simulated toxic bait containing biomarker: implications for population reduction
Authors: Snow Nathan P , Lavelle Michael J , Halseth Joseph M , Glow Michael P , VanNatta Eric H , Davis Amy J , Pepin Kim M , Tabor Rustin T , Leland Bruce R , Staples Linton D , VerCauteren Kurt C 
Published: October 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDAn international effort to develop an acute and humane toxic bait for invasive wild pigs (Sus scrofa) is underway to curtail their expansion. We evaluated the ability to expose a population of wild pigs to a simulated toxic bait (i.e., placebo bait containing a biomarker, rhodamine B, in lieu of the toxic ingredient) to gain insight on potential population reduction. We used 28 GPS‐collars and sampled 428 wild pigs to examine their vibrissae for evidence of consuming the bait.RESULTSWe estimated that 91% of wild pigs within 0.75 km of bait sites (total area = 16.8 km2) consumed the simulated toxic bait, exposing them to possible lethal effects. Bait sites spaced 0.75–1.5 km apart achieved optimal delivery of the bait, but wild pigs ranging ≥ 3 km away were susceptible. Use of wild pig‐specific bait stations resulted in no non‐target species directly accessing the bait.CONCLUSIONResults demonstrate the potential for exposing a large proportion of wild pigs to a toxic bait in similar ecosystems. Toxic baits may be an effective tool for reducing wild pig populations especially if used as part of an integrated pest management strategy. Investigation of risks associated with a field‐deployment of the toxic bait is needed. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Identification and risk assessment of spinosad resistance in a California population of Drosophila suzukii
Authors: Gress Brian E , Zalom Frank G 
Published: October 2018

AbstractBackgroundThe bioinsecticide spinosad is among the most widely used insecticides for managing spotted‐wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura), and is critical for preventing fruit infestation in organic berry production. Recent reports, however, have raised concerns that the efficacy of this material is declining in fields near Watsonville, CA, a major hub of commercial berry production in the USA and the first location where D. suzukii was reported in North America.ResultsIn this study, we performed dose–response analyses on D. suzukii from commercial raspberry plantings near Watsonville as well as a second untreated site in California using a widely implemented bioassay protocol. We found that Watsonville flies exhibited spinosad LC50 values 4.3–7.7 times higher than those from the untreated location and 11.6–22.4 times higher than previously reported susceptible baselines. Additionally, tolerance to spinosad continued to increase after additional selection for five generations, though this result was only statistically significant after prolonged exposure to residues.ConclusionsThese findings confirm that spinosad resistance is emerging in the Watsonville area and document the first known occurrence in the USA, presenting an urgent need for the development of alternative management strategies to control this pest. Additional work is needed to resolve the underlying molecular mechanism(s) that confers spinosad resistance in D. suzukii and assess the potential for this trait to spread into new populations. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Eco‐Friendly and Facile Preparation of Spherical Chitin Nanoparticles
Authors: Luong John H. T. , Gedanken Aharon 
Published: October 2018

AbstractA facile and eco‐friendly procedure was established and optimized for the synthesis of spherical crystalline chitin nanoparticles (SChNPs) using the oxidizing agent Oxone®. This versatile triple‐salt was effective in the cleavage of the glycosidic bonds and etching out individualization of elementary fibrils to form SChNPs. Selective oxidation occurred at the C6 primary hydroxyl group of the glucose molecule subunit to form carboxylic acid groups with a degree of oxidation of 0.10. The spherical particles are about 25 nm in diameter with enhanced aqueous solubility and amenable to bioconjugation owing to the presence of carboxylic acid groups. Both the acetamide group and the crystallinity index of the starting chitin remained intact during the treatment with Oxone®.
Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of 8‐Hydroxyquinoline‐hydrazones for Anti‐HIV‐1 and Anticancer Potential
Authors: Shah Purvi , Abadi Leila F. , Gaikwad Shraddha , Chaudhari Dasharath , Kushwah Varun , Jain Sanyog , Bhutani Kamlesh K. , Kulkarni Smita , Singh Inder P. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract8‐Hydroxyquinoline, being one of the privileged scaffolds, is known to possess a wide range of biological activities. 8‐Hydroxyquinoline quinoline has been explored synthetically through functionalization at different positions by different groups in search of medicinally important molecules. Herein, we synthesized twenty‐one (20 a‐20 u) different hydrazones of 8‐hydroxyquinoline at C‐2 position in good yields and characterised by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, HRMS and IR. All the synthesized compounds were evaluated for their anti‐HIV‐1 and anti‐cancer potential through in vitro cell‐based assays. Compound 20 u ((E)‐2‐((2‐(4‐methoxyphenyl)hydrazono)methyl)quinolin‐8‐ol) was found to be the most active against HIV (IC50: 1.88 and 6.27 μM; TI 73.82 and 22.07, against HIV‐1VB59 and HIV‐1UG070 respectively). Compound 20 l ((E)‐2‐((2‐(4‐fluorophenyl)hydrazono)methyl)quinolin‐8‐ol) was identified as the most cytotoxic against four cancer cell lines (IC50: 26.30, 34.19, 38.77 and 34.23 μM against HeLa, MCF‐7, A‐549 and MDA‐MB‐231, respectively) with 2.4, 1.9, 1.6, 1.9‐folds selectivity, respectively over normal cells (IC50 63.75 μM against HEK‐293 normal cells).
Enhancing Cyclic Performance and Rate Capability of Li4Ti5O12 for Lithium‐Ion Batteries through Thin Carbon Coating
Authors: Huang Xingkang , Ren Ren , Singh Niraj K. , Hardi Meenakshi , Chen Junhong 
Published: October 2018

AbstractLithium titanate (Li4Ti5O12, LTO), as a zero‐strain material upon lithiation, typically possesses good cyclic performance, presenting an opportunity for use in lithium‐ion batteries for electric vehicles. For practical applications, the electrical conductivity of the LTO should be improved while addressing its gassing issue. Here, a C‐coated LTO (LTO@C) electrode material was synthesized by chemical vapor deposition, and a coating of C approximately 2 nm‐thick was placed onto the LTO surface by decomposing acetylene at 700 °C for 15 min. Compared with the pristine LTO, the LTO@C did not exhibit significant changes in structure and morphology; however, it presented much better cyclic performance than the pristine LTO, i.e., the capacity retention improved from 41.3% to 77.6% within 500 cycles at room temperature and from 58.0% to 97.0% within 100 cycles at 55 °C.
The Bonding Nature of Cyclometalated Ru Complex: How DFT Study Revealing the Dewar‐Chatt‐Duncanson Model Relates to the Molecular Properties
Authors: Vektarienė Aušra 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe new intermediate Ru η3‐allyloxapyridyl complex has been studied aiming to illuminate the Dewar–Chatt–Duncanson (donation/back‐donation (D/BD)) model by calculations. A non‐standard, alternative calculation scheme integrating the density functional theory along with the charge decomposition, natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis and the map of electrostatic potential has provided new insights into the electronic structure of the complex presenting it in a Lewis structure. The donating, accepting contribution of Ru to ligand bonding in BD has been estimated by Weinhold's perturbation theory. This allowed quantifying D and BD contribution to the stabilization of the complex Lewis structure by deletion of selected Fock‐matrix elements from the basis set. Lewis energy gets lowered mainly by BD contribution from Ru d NBOs into the C2 atom of allyl ligand. Finally, the outcomes of calculations reveal: that Ru to ligands is bonded in donor‐acceptor fashion; the complex embodies nucleophilic character accumulated on the lone pairs of O atom in oxabenzyl group. The nucleophilic sides suggested by calculations support the reactivity trends of complex in the catalytic cycle. Calculated properties correlate well with experimental observations. The proposed scheme applied to the complex can be helpful for treatment of new metal complex candidates.
Synthesis of High Surface Area Carbon Nanospheres with Wrinkled Cages and Their CO2 Capture Studies
Authors: Singh Baljeet , Maity Ayan , Polshettiwar Vivek 
Published: October 2018

AbstractIn this work, we report the synthesis protocol for carbon coated dendritic fibrous nanosilica (DFNS@Carbon) and high surface area wrinkled carbon nanospheres using phenol formaldehyde polymerization chemistry. We have shown that the choice of hard template, i. e. DFNS with different sizes and fiber density, can lead to the synthesis of carbon‐coated DFNS and wrinkled carbon nanospheres with tunable properties, having high surface area (1090 ±50 m2/g), large pore volume (1.18 ±0.02 cm3/g) and distinct pore size distribution (from 3.5 nm to 15 nm). The CO2 capture value of 1.47 mmol/g was obtained without any amine functionalization. This value is comparable or better than reported non‐amine functionalized CO2 sorbents, indicating the contribution of textural properties and morphology of carbon cages on their CO2 capture capacity.
Synthesis and Characterization of Palladium(II) CNC Pincer Complexes with Novel Bis(1,2,3‐triazolylidene)amine Ligands
Authors: Li Linfeng , Cao Lei , Yan Xiaoyu 
Published: October 2018

AbstractA novel CNC pincer ligand with secondary amine moiety flanked by 1,2,3‐triazolylidene was reported. Metalation of the ligand precursors with silver oxide afforded the bimetallic silver complexes, which were subsequently transmetalated with palladium to afford palladium(II) CNC Pincer complexes. The structure of these metal complexes was confirmed by X‐ray diffraction analyses.
Heterogeneous Amorphous Cu–MOF‐74 Catalyst for C‐N Coupling Reaction
Authors: Ma Peilong , Meng Fei , Wang Nan , Zhang Jie , Xie Jianwei , Dai Bin 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe formation of amorphous Cu–MOF‐74 from crystalline Cu–MOF‐74 at 120 °C under strong alkali condition was reported for the first time, and it could be employed as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst for catalyzing cross‐coupling reactions between (hetero)aryl iodides/bromides and N‐H heterocycles in high yields. The solid catalyst showed high catalytic activity with minimal copper leaching in reaction solution and lower copper contamination in N‐arylated product than with other common copper/ligand systems, and it could be reused at least six times with no significant decrease in activity.
π‐Conjugated Molecule Boosts Metal–Organic Frameworks as Efficient Oxygen Evolution Reaction Catalysts
Authors: Zhu Rongmei , Ding Jiawei , Xu Yuxia , Yang Jinpeng , Xu Qiang , Pang Huan 
Published: October 2018

AbstractTo improve the efficiency of water electrolysis, developing efficient oxygen evolution reaction (OER) electrocatalysis is extremely important due to its four‐electron transfer dynamics. In this work, a π‐conjugated molecule (2,3,6,7,10,11‐hexahydroxytriphenylene, HHTP), which can accelerate the electron transfer, is coated directly on pristine ZIF‐67, resulting in a composite named HHTP@ZIF‐67, via a simple one‐step solvothermal method. The obtained HHTP@ZIF‐67 possesses a Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area of 2013.9 m2 g−1 and displays microporous behavior, which can provide enough active sites for OER. The double‐layer capacitance of HHTP@ZIF‐67 is also enhanced, corresponding to an enlarged electrochemical active surface area. HHTP@ZIF‐67 presents a quite low overpotential of 238 mV at 10 mA cm−2 in 1.0 m KOH. This material synthesized via the simple coating strategy is promising in the application of energy conversion devices.