bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phase separation behavior of poly(ethylene terephthalate)/(trifluoroacetic acid/dichloromethane)/water system for wet phase inversion membrane preparation
Authors: Cadore Ígor Renz , Ambrosi Alan , Cardozo Nilo Sérgio Medeiros , Tessaro Isabel Cristina 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACTPolymeric membrane fabrication by the phase inversion technique requires substantial thermodynamics knowledge of the studied system. The objective of this work is to investigate the phase separation behavior of the poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET)/[trifluoroacetic acid + dichloromethane (DCM)]/water system by the titulometric method, and evaluate the system characteristics aiming at membrane fabrication by phase inversion technique. The results show that the amount of nonsolvent at the cloud point decreases as the amount of DCM increases in the polymeric solution. The cloud point compositions are well‐fitted to the linearized cloud‐point curve for all studied systems, confirming that they have the required characteristics of a membrane forming system. The fabrication by wet phase inversion technique provides membranes with porous structure, thin top layer and the addition of DCM in PET casting solutions suppress the macrovoid formation. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47263.
Long non‐coding RNA H19 promotes TDRG1 expression and cisplatin resistance by sequestering miRNA‐106b‐5p in seminoma
Authors: Wei Jingchao , Gan Yu , Peng Dongyi , Jiang Xianzhen , Kitazawa Riko , Xiang Yali , Dai Yingbo , Tang Yuxin , Yang Jianfu 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe role of TDRG1 in tumorigenesis and the progression of seminoma, as well as its role in regulating chemosensitivity of seminoma to cisplatin through the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway, has been previously defined. However, the detailed mechanism underlying TDRG1 expression and concomitant chemoresistance conditions are unknown. Furthermore, it has been reported that non‐protein‐coding RNAs play an important role in a variety of vital processes including cellular chemosensitivity. However, the role of non‐protein‐coding RNAs in regulating the chemosensitivity of seminoma remains unknown. In this study, using microarray analysis, we found that long non‐coding RNA H19 was upregulated while miRNA‐106b‐5p was downregulated in an established cisplatin‐resistant TCam‐2 cell line. Moreover, H19 acts as a miRNA‐106b‐5p sponge and thus impairs the function of miRNA‐106b‐5p on its target gene, TDRG1. Based on these findings, we propose that H19 promotes the expression of TDRG1 by sequestering miRNA‐106b‐5p and uses this mechanism to facilitate cell survival in cisplatin‐based chemotherapeutic conditions. These findings elucidate the mechanisms, at least partially, applied to deregulate TDRG1 and cisplatin sensitivity, and may provide new therapeutic possibilities for chemoresistant seminoma.
Synthesis and Anti‐HIV Activity of Guanine Modified Fluorinated Acyclic Nucleoside Phosphonate Derivatives
Authors: Luo Min , Groaz Elisabetta , De Jonghe Steven , Schols Dominique , Herdewijn Piet 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe preparation of an unprecedented series of nucleobase modified 3‐fluoro‐2‐(phosphonomethoxy)propyl (FPMP) acyclic nucleosides in both their (R) and (S) enantiomerically pure forms is described. The synthesis focuses on a Mitsunobu alkylation reaction to construct the C−N(9) bond between a chiral fluorinated side‐chain residue and 6‐ or 7‐modified guanine analogs. Prodrugs of FPMP‐7‐deazaguanine were also synthesized by derivatization of the corresponding phosphonic acid functionality with (bis)diamyl aspartate amidate groups, leading to moderate activity against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV‐1).
Recovery of myocardial perfusion after percutaneous coronary intervention of chronic total occlusions is comparable to hemodynamically significant non‐occlusive lesions
Authors: Schumacher Stefan P. , Driessen Roel S. , Stuijfzand Wijnand J. , Raijmakers Pieter G. , Danad Ibrahim , Dens Jo , Spratt James C. , Hanratty Colm G. , Walsh Simon J. , Boellaard Ronald , van Rossum Albert C. , Opolski Maksymilian P. , Nap Alexander , Knaapen Paul 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBackgroundThe benefits of chronic coronary total occlusion (CTO) percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) are being questioned. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of CTO PCI on absolute myocardial perfusion, as compared with PCI of hemodynamically significant non‐CTO lesions.MethodsConsecutive patients with a preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (≥50%) and a CTO or non‐CTO lesion, in whom [15O]H2O positron emission tomography was performed prior and after successful PCI, were included. Change in quantitative (hyperemic) myocardial blood flow (MBF), coronary flow reserve (CFR) and perfusion defect size (in myocardial segments) were compared between CTOs and non‐CTO lesions.ResultsIn total 92 patients with a CTO and 31 patients with a non‐CTO lesion were included. CTOs induced larger perfusion defect sizes (4.51 ± 1.69 vs. 3.23 ± 2.38 segments, P < 0.01) with lower hyperemic MBF (1.30 ± 0.37 vs. 1.58 ± 0.62 mL·min−1·g−1, P < 0.01) and similarly impaired CFR (1.66 ± 0.75 vs. 1.89 ± 0.77, P = 0.17) compared with non‐CTO lesions. After PCI both hyperemic MBF and CFR increased similarly between groups (P = 0.57 and 0.35) to normal ranges with higher hyperemic MBF values in non‐CTO compared with CTO (2.89 ± 0.94 vs. 2.48 ± 0.73 mL·min−1·g−1, P = 0.03). Perfusion defect sizes decreased similarly after CTO PCI and non‐CTO PCI (P = 0.14), leading to small residual defect sizes in both groups (1.15 ± 1.44 vs. 0.61 ± 1.45 segments, P = 0.054).ConclusionsMyocardial perfusion findings are slightly more hampered in patients with a CTO before and after PCI. Percutaneous revascularization of CTOs, however, improves absolute myocardial perfusion similarly to PCI of hemodynamically significant non‐CTO lesions, leading to satisfying results.
Hepaticocholecystic duct: A pitfall of cholecystectomy
Authors: Laurenzi Andrea , Allard Marc‐Antoine , Vibert Eric 
Published: November 2018

Key Clinical MessageThe anatomical variations of accessory biliary ducts account for up to 2% of the population. The two types of ducts are the: subvescical and hepaticocholecystic. The knowledge of such variations is extremely important during cholecystectomy in order to avoid possible postoperative complications such as biliary injury or choleperitoneum.
A Supramolecular Coordination‐Polymer‐Derived Electrocatalyst for the Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Zhang Chi , Zhang Chen , Xie Yunchao , Su Jheng‐Wun , He Xiaoqing , Demaree John D. , Griep Mark H. , Atwood Jerry L. , Lin Jian 
Published: November 2018

AbstractAn iron oxide decorated nickel iron alloy nanoparticle/porous graphene hybrid exhibits high electrocatalytic activity and excellent durability toward oxygen evolution reaction (OER). It displays a low overpotential of 274 mV at 10 mA cm−2, and low Tafel slope of 37 mV dec−1, showing a superior performance to the state‐of‐the‐art RuO2 OER electrocatalyst.
Nusselt number correlation for a jacketed stirred tank using computational fluid dynamics
Authors: Daza Silvia Araujo , Prada Ronald Jaimes , Nunhez José R. , Castilho Guilherme J. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe heat exchange in stirred tanks occurs mainly due to the impeller rotation and overall circulation of the fluid that promotes a more effective heat transfer between fluid and heat transfer surfaces. The type of impeller used and the size of the vessel (that affects the relation heat transfer area and volume of the vessel) have significant effects on the heat transfer. The heat transfer coefficient is very much dependent on the impeller and the speed of rotation. Empirical correlations are usually used to estimate the process side heat transfer coefficient. However, its dependence on the geometrical parameters restricts the use of those correlations to specific tank configurations. In this respect, the use of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) has recently emerged as an alternative to experimental studies. The procedure proved to be faster and lower cost, and the results proved to be accurate. In this study, CFD was applied to obtain a Nusselt number correlation for a jacketed stirred tank equipped with a six‐blade Rushton turbine impeller. The Nusselt number correlation obtained from the simulated model agrees with experimental data providing a reliable representation of the heat transfer in the tank.
A Two‐Step Multicomponent Synthetic Approach and Anti‐inflammatory Evaluation of N‐Substituted 2‐Oxopyrazines
Authors: Hernández‐Vázquez Eduardo , Chávez‐Riveros Alejandra , Nieto‐Camacho Antonio , Miranda Luis D. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractInflammation is widely reported as a main factor for the development of chronic diseases such as cancer, diabetes, and even metabolic syndrome. Thus, the search for novel anti‐inflammatory compounds is required. Herein we describe the synthesis of a collection of peptidic pyrazinones by a convenient approach involving a multicomponent isocyanide‐based reaction followed by a tandem deprotection/oxidative cyclization step. This series of compounds were tested for their potential anti‐inflammatory capacity in an in vivo murine model, and four compounds were identified to inhibit tetradecanoylphorbol acetate (TPA)‐induced edema by more than 75 %. The two most active compounds, N‐benzyl‐2‐(4‐hydroxy‐3,5‐dimethoxyphenyl)‐2‐[2‐oxopyrazin‐1(2H)‐yl]acetamide (10 o) and N‐cyclohexyl‐2‐[2‐oxopyrazin‐1(2H)‐yl]‐2‐[4‐(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]acetamide (10 x), with methyl and trifluoromethyl groups, were also able to decrease myeloperoxidase activity and leukocyte infiltration. Moreover, 10 x decreased the thickness of TPA‐treated mouse ears, as observed in histological analysis of the tissues.
B7 Liquid Crystal Filament Growth in Presence of Carbon Nanotubes
Authors: Stamatoiu O. , Dierking I. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractLiquid crystal phases formed from bent‐core mesogens have attracted much interest of the liquid crystal research community, due to the manifestation of chirality effects from achiral molecules. One of the most elusive of the bent‐core phases is the B7 phase, which at its early stage often forms in a helical filament fashion. We investigate the growth of such filaments in the presence of single‐walled nanotubes to elucidate possible effects on the growth dynamics and helicity of B7 helical filaments. It is found that the filament width slightly decreases in comparison to the neat B7 material, suggesting a more tightly bound structure around the nanotubes, with the nanotubes likely acting as the core of the helical filament. No effects on pitch or periodicity of the helical superstructure is observed. The filament growth velocity quickly decreases as nanotubes are added to the B7 phase, indicating that a more tightly bound structure needs a longer time of formation. An observed buckling instability is of interest as a microscopic example for the study of nonlinear dynamics theories of filaments. The present investigation is thus of general importance for nanoparticle directed growth of filaments, which has applications in biomolecular growth and high tensile strength fibres.
Basic Salt‐Lake Brine: An Efficient Catalyst for the Transformation of CO2 into Quinazoline‐2,4(1 H,3 H)‐diones
Authors: Hu Jiayin , Chen Shangqing , Guo Yafei , Li Long , Deng Tianlong 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe efficient transformation of CO2 into value‐added chemicals with green, abundant, and cheap catalysts is an interesting and challenging topic in both green and sustainable chemistry. In this study, a series of salt‐lake brines were used for the first time to catalyze the reaction of CO2 and a broad range of 2‐aminobenzonitriles to form the corresponding quinazoline‐2,4(1 H,3 H)‐diones. It was found that the abundant, available, and inexpensive Zhabuye basic salt‐lake brine could efficiently promote the reaction of 2‐aminobenzonitriles under low pressure of CO2. Very high yields of value‐added products were obtained. Further studies indicated that the basic carbonate and borate ions in the brine play key roles in accelerating the reactions.
Killer whales (Orcinus orca) in Iceland show weak genetic structure among diverse isotopic signatures and observed movement patterns
Authors: Tavares Sara B. , Samarra Filipa I. P. , Pascoal Sonia , Graves Jeff A. , Miller Patrick J. O. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractLocal adaption through ecological niche specialization can lead to genetic structure between and within populations. In the Northeast Pacific, killer whales (Orcinus orca) of the same population have uniform specialized diets that are non‐overlapping with other sympatric, genetically divergent, and socially isolated killer whale ecotypes. However, killer whales in Iceland show intrapopulation variation of isotopic niches and observed movement patterns: some individuals appear to specialize on herring and follow it year‐round while others feed upon herring only seasonally or opportunistically. We investigated genetic differentiation among Icelandic killer whales with different isotopic signatures and observed movement patterns. This information is key for management and conservation purposes but also for better understanding how niche specialization drives genetic differentiation. Photo‐identified individuals (N = 61) were genotyped for 22 microsatellites and a 611 bp portion of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) control region. Photo‐identification of individuals allowed linkage of genetic data to existing data on individual isotopic niche, observed movement patterns, and social associations. Population subdivision into three genetic units was supported by a discriminant analysis of principal components (DAPC). Genetic clustering corresponded to the distribution of isotopic signatures, mtDNA haplotypes, and observed movement patterns, but genetic units were not socially segregated. Genetic differentiation was weak (FST < 0.1), suggesting ongoing gene flow or recent separation of the genetic units. Our results show that killer whales in Iceland are not as genetically differentiated, ecologically discrete, or socially isolated as the Northeast Pacific prey‐specialized killer whales. If any process of ecological divergence and niche specialization is taking place among killer whales in Iceland, it is likely at a very early stage and has not led to the patterns observed in the Northeast Pacific.
Pyroaerobiology: the aerosolization and transport of viable microbial life by wildland fire
Authors: Kobziar Leda N. , Pingree Melissa R. A. , Larson Heather , Dreaden Tyler J. , Green Shelby , Smith Jason A. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe field of aerobiology is expanding due to a recognition of the diversity of roles microbes play in both terrestrial and atmospheric ecology. Smoke from global biomass burning has had significant and widespread ecological and human health consequences, but the living component of smoke has received little attention. Microbes aerosolized and transported by wildland fire may have profound effects on atmospheric and environmental factors, acting as nuclei for ice condensation, transporting pathogens or symbionts, and otherwise influencing ecosystems and human populations downwind. The potential for smoke to aerosolize and transport viable microbes is a virtually blank piece of the microbial biogeography puzzle with far‐reaching implications. This study characterized the aerosolization of viable microbes via wildland fire smoke from burns in contrasting coniferous forests. Seventy aerosolized microbial morphotypes were recovered, and of these, a subset was identified using DNA analysis which revealed both pathogenic and non‐pathogenic fungal species. Overall microbial colony‐forming units decreased with increasing distance from smoke source, driven by bacterial abundance. Organisms were more abundant in smoke derived from mechanically treated fuels than intact forest floors and were most abundant in smoke from a dry, biennially burned Pinus palustris sandhill forest in Florida. Our findings of smoke‐transported viable microbes have implications for ecosystem restoration/conservation, global biodiversity, meteorology, and human health.
Epilepsy in tuberous sclerosis complex: Findings from the TOSCA Study
Authors: Nabbout Rima , Belousova Elena , Benedik Mirjana P. , Carter Tom , Cottin Vincent , Curatolo Paolo , Dahlin Maria , D´Amato Lisa , d'Augères Guillaume Beaure , de Vries Petrus J. , Ferreira José C. , Feucht Martha , Fladrowski Carla , Hertzberg Christoph , Jozwiak Sergiusz , Lawson John A. , Macaya Alfons , Marques Ruben , O'Callaghan Finbar , Qin Jiong , Sander Valentin , Sauter Matthias , Shah Seema , Takahashi Yukitoshi , Touraine Renaud , Youroukos Sotiris , Zonnenberg Bernard , Jansen Anna , Kingswood John C. ,   the TOSCA Consortium and TOSCA Investigators
Published: November 2018

SummaryObjectiveTo present the baseline data of the international TuberOus SClerosis registry to increase disease Awareness (TOSCA) with emphasis on the characteristics of epilepsies associated with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC).MethodsRetrospective and prospective patients’ data on all aspects of TSC were collected from multiple countries worldwide. Epilepsy variables included seizure type, age at onset, type of treatment, and treatment outcomes and association with genotype, seizures control, and intellectual disability. As for noninterventional registries, the study protocol did not specify any particular clinical instruments, laboratory investigations, or intervention. Evaluations included those required for diagnosis and management following local best practice.ResultsEpilepsy was reported in 83.6% of patients (1852/2216) at baseline; 38.9% presented with infantile spasms and 67.5% with focal seizures. The mean age at diagnosis of infantile spasms was 0.4 year (median <1 year; range <1‐30 years) and at diagnosis of focal seizures was 2.7 years (median 1 year; range <1‐66 years). A total of 1469 patients (79.3%) were diagnosed with epilepsy <2 years. The rate of infantile spasms was higher in patients with a TSC2 mutation than in patients with a TSC1 mutation (47.3% vs 23%). ɣ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic drugs were the most common treatment modality for both infantile spasms (78.7%) and focal seizures (65.5%). Infantile spasms and focal seizures were controlled in 76.3% and 58.2% of patients, respectively. Control of seizures was associated with lower rates of intellectual disability in both groups.SignificanceThis registry reports the largest international cohort of patients with TSC. Findings confirmed the typical onset pattern of infantile spasms and other focal seizures in the first 2 years of life, and the high rates of infantile spasms in patients with TSC2 mutation. Our results underscored the occurrence of focal seizures at all ages, including an onset that preceded emergence of infantile spasms. Seizure control was shown to be associated with lower rates of intellectual disability but did not preclude the presence of intellectual disability.
Salvianolic acid inhibits the effects of high glucose on vascular endothelial dysfunction by modulating the Sirt1‐eNOS pathway
Authors: Zhai Jinghui , Qu Xiaoyu , Zhang Yueming , Gao Huan , Tao Lina , Song Yanqing , Zhang Sixi 
Published: November 2018

AbstractSalvianolic acid (SA) is known for improving blood circulation, scavenging hydroxyl radicals, and preventing platelet aggregation. The research explored whether SA can protect against cardiovascular disease induced by high glucose conditions. Our results indicate that SA significantly increases cells viability and nitric oxide levels while decreasing reactive oxygen species generation. SA upregulated the expression levels of Bcl‐2 and decreased the levels of Bax, cleaved caspase‐3, and cleaved caspase‐9. Furthermore, the expression levels of Sirtuin 1 (Sirt1) and p‐endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) were markedly increased in response to SA treatment. Moreover, exposure of human umbilical vein endothelial cells to Ex527 resulted in reducing expression of p‐eNOS. However, the beneficial effects of SA were abolished partially when Ex527 was added. These findings suggest that SA can be used as a potential therapeutic to protect against high glucose‐induced endothelial injury by modulating Sirt1‐eNOS pathway.
Latent profile analysis exploring potential moral injury and posttraumatic stress disorder among military veterans
Authors: Smigelsky Melissa A. , Malott Jesse D. , Veazey Morris Katherine , Berlin Kristoffer S. , Neimeyer Robert A. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractObjectivesTheoretical support for the moral injury (MI) construct is mounting, yet empirical support has lagged behind. A conceptual model has been proposed, but studies have not yet explored the constellation of symptoms within treatment‐seeking Veterans.MethodsVeterans (N = 212) seeking trauma recovery services completed measures of potential MI symptoms that functioned as indicators in person‐centered Latent Profile Analysis. Differences in exposure to potentially morally injurious experiences (pMIEs) were compared across profiles using logistic regression.ResultsThree profiles emerged that varied by symptom severity, levels of trauma‐related guilt, and levels of dispositional forgiveness. Exposure to pMIEs predicted membership in a class consistent with proposed MI symptomatology.ConclusionsPerson‐centered approaches are useful for identifying a distinct group of veterans whose trauma recovery may benefit from specifically targeting moral emotions, consistent with the emerging construct of MI .
Design and preparation of stable CPO/HRP@H‐MOF(Zr) composites for efficient bio‐catalytic degradation of organic toxicants in wastewater
Authors: Gao Xia , Zhai Quanguo , Hu Mancheng , Li Shuni , Song Jie , Jiang Yucheng 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDImmobilization of enzyme on a solid support can improve its stability, however, this is often accompanied by a decrease of the initial catalytic activity. The design and preparation of immobilized enzyme with simultaneous high activity and stability is a challenge.RESULTSA hierarchically porous metal organic framework H‐MOF(Zr) which was prepared by ‘crystal defect’ strategy was very stable in aqueous solution and possessed well‐defined, tunable and adjacent hierarchical pores. When using the H‐MOF(Zr) as support for enzyme immobilization, a single array of enzyme in a single mesoporous channel was achieved so as to avoid aggregation of the enzyme. Meanwhile the micropores can be utilized to concentrate substrates, resulting in a decrease in the mass transfer resistance of substrate compared with that in the bulk buffer due to the enzymes and substrates closely embedded on the same support. The prepared immobilized enzyme CPO/HRP@H‐MOF(Zr) was more stable at elevated temparatures, showing 58.2% enhanced activity compared with free enzymes at 70 °C for 1 h incubation. After 12 cycles, 70.7% of activity remained. When the CPO/HRP@H‐MOF(Zr) was applied in the treatment of wastewater containing isoproturon and 2,4‐dichlorophenol, complete degradation was achieved in only 15 min.CONCLUSIONBoth high activity and stability under harsh reaction conditions give the CPO/HRP@H‐MOF(Zr) composites potential for practical application in wastewater treatment. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry