bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Voix de femmes, cruauté maritale et histoires de fantômes dans l’Angleterre du xviii e siècle
Authors: Handley Sasha 
Published: January 2019

Cet article montre que les histoires de fantômes sont l’une des stratégies narratives extra-judiciaires les plus efficaces que les femmes aient pu employer pour protester contre les violences conjugales dans l’Angleterre moderne. L’histoire du fantôme de Mary Veal, apparu à son amie Margaret Bargrave à Canterbury en 1705, est l’un des récits les mieux documentés de cette période. Cette affaire a suscité de nombreuses réponses des habitants de Canterbury, retenu l’intérêt de membres de la Royal Society de Londres, et ses détails ont été diffusés dans des articles de presse et des opuscules imprimés qui ont connu de multiples éditions. La vie de la principale narratrice, Margaret Bargrave, a jusqu’ici été négligée, contrairement à la figure de Mary Veal. Cet article reconstitue la longue histoire des violences maritales subies par Margaret et s’interroge sur les motifs qui ont pu l’inciter à exprimer ses malheurs dans le cadre d’une histoire d’apparition de fantôme. Cette étude de cas ouvre sur des réflexions plus larges concernant la fonction des histoires de fantômes, véhicule efficace de protestation contre les violences de tous ordres, physiques, sexuelles et psychologiques. Ces récits sont comparés avec les stratégies, plus courantes, de plaintes judiciaires, afin de voir dans quelles circonstances il était plus efficace de présenter les histoires de violences conjugales sous la forme d’un récit d’apparition de fantôme. Centré sur une documentation extra-judiciaire, l’article s’intéresse à l’éventail des ressources dont les femmes disposaient pour se défendre, et aux aspects des violences conjugales qui échappaient à l’institution judiciaire.
Working Smart: Turning Everyday Commitments Into Scholarly Outcomes
Authors: Witt Barbara S , Heinrich Kathleen T 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT
Background: This article offers a model for transforming routine professional responsibilities into scholarly products.
Method: Using Boyer's model of scholarship as a guide, the authors were able to transform a professional commitment into the scholarship of teaching and learning, practice and engagement, and discovery.
Results: The authors were able to conduct a research study, educate graduate students, and provide important data about nursing to a statewide project.
Conclusion: Working smart requires transforming existing commitments and resources into opportunities for creating scholarly products that are shared with the broader nursing community.
Influenza Pathogenesis: The Effect of Host Factors on Severity of Disease
Authors: Gounder Anshu P. , Boon Adrianus C. M. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Influenza viruses continue to be a major global health threat. Severity and clinical outcome of influenza disease is determined by both viral and host factors. Viral factors have long been the subject of intense research and many molecular determinants have been identified. However, research into the host factors that protect or predispose to severe and fatal influenza A virus infections is lagging. The goal of this review is to highlight the recent insights into host determinants of influenza pathogenesis.
The Multifaceted B Cell Response to Influenza Virus
Authors: Lam Jonathan H. , Baumgarth Nicole 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Protection from yearly recurring, highly acute infections with a pathogen that rapidly and continuously evades previously induced protective neutralizing Abs, as seen during seasonal influenza virus infections, can be expected to require a B cell response that is too highly variable, able to adapt rapidly, and able to reduce morbidity and death when sterile immunity cannot be garnered quickly enough. As we outline in this Brief Review, the influenza-specific B cell response is exactly that: it is multifaceted, involves both innate-like and conventional B cells, provides early and later immune protection, employs B cells with distinct BCR repertoires and distinct modes of activation, and continuously adapts to the ever-changing virus while enhancing overall protection. A formidable response to a formidable pathogen.
A Longitudinal Study of the 28 Joints of Disease Activity Score by Ultrasonographical Examination in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients
Authors: Ali Rabab Hussin , Daifallah Osama Sayed , Abozaid Hanan Sayed M. , Alfadl Esam Mohmad. Abu , Elsayed Sahar Abdel-Rahman 
Published: January 2019

Background:
The damaging effect of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) on cartilage, bone, ligaments, and tendons has raised the importance of the disease activity and severity assessment to enable therapeutic decisions and to evaluate disease outcome.

Aim:
The aim is to compare the clinical examination of the Disease Activity Score (DAS)-28 with the musculoskeletal ultrasonography (US) examination in RA patients. Moreover, finding if we can use ultrasonographical results as a tool for predicting subsequent radiological damage.

Patients and Methods:
It is a longitudinal study included 60 adult RA patients. Patients were under assessment at baseline, 6 months, and 12 months from the recruitment time. Twenty-eight joints of DAS were assessed for tenderness and swelling. US gray scale (GS) and US power Doppler (PD) score also was done at each visit.

Results:
DAS-28, with its parameters, is positively and highly significantly correlated to synovitis severity both by US GS and US-PD score along the study follow-up visits. There was highly significant difference between the number of 28 swollen and tender joints by clinical examination with both US GS and US-PD. Linear regression analysis to predict the number of swollen and tender joints after 12 months showed significance between US PD with swollen and tender joints’ numbers. The correlation was positive and significant between Larsen score at 12 months with GS US and PD US assessment, but linear regression analysis was only significant for Larsen score with only GS US.

Conclusion:
GS US and PD is a sensitive and reliable noninvasive method complementary to standard clinical assessment and could be a tool for predicting subsequent joints’ damage.
Migraine and Mood Disorders: Prevalence, Clinical Correlations and Disability
Authors: Rammohan K. , Mundayadan Shyma Manikkoth , Das Soumitra , Shaji C. Velayudhan 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACTIntroduction: Both migraine and mood disorders are prevalent disorders with many studies demonstrating that they are comorbid with each other with increased migraine-related disability in such patients. Aim: The aim of the study is to test the hypothesis that mood disorders are comorbid with migraine with increased disability and to identify any clinical features in migraineurs which may be associated with mood disorders. Materials and Methods: Patients presenting with complaints of headache to the Neurology Outpatient Department of a Tertiary CARE Hospital from August 01, 2016 to February 28, 2017, were subjected to International Classification of Headache Disorder 3 beta criteria to satisfy a diagnosis of migraine and were assessed in detail as to headache characteristics. Mood disorders were assessed by Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and migraine-related disability was assessed by Migraine Disability Assessment Questionnaire. Patients with serious medical complaints, known previous psychiatric disease, other types of headaches and recent prophylactic drug intake were carefully excluded. Results: A total of 133 patients were studied. The duration and frequency of migraine headaches were found to correlate with the presence of mood disorders and the migraine-related disability in patients with comorbid mood disorders was significantly higher. Factors such as total duration of migraine, aura, vomiting, phono, and photophobia were not found to be statistically correlated with mood disorders. Conclusions: Rates of depression and anxiety in migraine vary widely in various studies due to variations in study criteria, population characteristics and various scales used. We found a prevalence of 16.54% of anxiety and 9.02% of depression in migraineurs, a rate comparable to or less than many studies in international literature and a significantly increased disability in individuals with comorbid mood disorders and migraine. Routinely including questionnaires such as HAD in screening patients with migraine to rule out comorbid mood disorders may be warranted. Because we have carefully excluded all other primary (especially tension and medication overuse headaches) and secondary headaches and selected prophylactic drug naïve patients, we contend that this study provides a clear clinical profile of migraineurs with mood disorders.
The onset of neoglaciation in Iceland and the 4.2 ka event
Authors: Geirsdóttir Áslaug , Miller Gifford H. , Andrews John T. , Harning David J. , Anderson Leif S. , Florian Christopher , Larsen Darren J. , Thordarson Thor 
Published: January 2019

Abstract. Strong similarities in Holocene climate reconstructions derived from multiple
proxies (BSi, TOC – total organic carbon, δ13C, C∕N, MS – magnetic susceptibility, δ15N)
preserved in sediments from both glacial and non-glacial lakes across Iceland
indicate a relatively warm early to mid Holocene from 10 to 6 ka,
overprinted with cold excursions presumably related to meltwater impact on
North Atlantic circulation until 7.9 ka. Sediment in lakes from glacial
catchments indicates their catchments were ice-free during this interval.
Statistical treatment of the high-resolution multi-proxy paleoclimate lake
records shows that despite great variability in catchment characteristics,
the sediment records document more or less synchronous abrupt, cold
departures as opposed to the smoothly decreasing trend in Northern Hemisphere
summer insolation. Although all lake records document a decline in summer
temperature through the Holocene consistent with the regular decline in
summer insolation, the onset of significant summer cooling occurs ∼5 ka at high-elevation interior sites but is variably later at sites
closer to the coast, suggesting that proximity to the sea may modulate the impact
from decreasing summer insolation. The timing of glacier inception during the
mid Holocene is determined by the descent of the equilibrium line altitude
(ELA), which is dominated by the evolution of summer temperature as summer
insolation declined as well as changes in sea surface temperature for coastal
glacial systems. The glacial response to the ELA decline is also highly
dependent on the local topography. The initial ∼5 ka nucleation of
Langjökull in the highlands of Iceland defines the onset of neoglaciation
in Iceland. Subsequently, a stepwise expansion of both Langjökull and
northeast Vatnajökull occurred between 4.5 and 4.0 ka, with a second
abrupt expansion ∼3 ka. Due to its coastal setting and lower
topographic threshold, the initial appearance of Drangajökull in the NW
of Iceland was delayed until ∼2.3 ka. All lake records reflect abrupt
summer temperature and catchment disturbance at ∼4.5 ka, statistically
indistinguishable from the global 4.2 ka event, and a second widespread
abrupt disturbance at 3.0 ka, similar to the stepwise expansion of
Langjökull and northeast Vatnajökull. Both are intervals
characterized by large explosive volcanism and tephra distribution in Iceland
resulting in intensified local soil erosion. The most widespread increase in glacier advance, landscape
instability, and soil erosion occurred shortly after 2 ka, likely due to a
complex combination of increased impact from volcanic tephra deposition,
cooling climate, and increased sea ice off the coast of Iceland. All lake
records indicate a strong decline in temperature ∼1.5 ka, which
culminated during the Little Ice Age (1250–1850 CE) when the glaciers
reached their maximum Holocene dimensions.
A large sample analysis of European rivers on seasonal river flow correlation and its physical drivers
Authors: Iliopoulou Theano , Aguilar Cristina , Arheimer Berit , Bermúdez María , Bezak Nejc , Ficchì Andrea , Koutsoyiannis Demetris , Parajka Juraj , Polo María José , Thirel Guillaume , Montanari Alberto 
Published: January 2019

Abstract. The
geophysical and hydrological processes governing river
flow formation exhibit persistence at several timescales, which may manifest
itself with the presence of positive seasonal correlation of streamflow at
several different time lags. We investigate here how persistence propagates
along subsequent seasons and affects low and high flows. We define the high-flow season (HFS) and the low-flow season (LFS) as the 3-month and the
1-month periods which usually exhibit the higher and lower river flows,
respectively. A dataset of 224 rivers from six European countries spanning
more than 50 years of daily flow data is exploited. We compute the lagged
seasonal correlation between selected river flow signatures, in HFS and LFS,
and the average river flow in the antecedent months. Signatures are peak and
average river flow for HFS and LFS, respectively. We investigate the links
between seasonal streamflow correlation and various physiographic catchment
characteristics and hydro-climatic properties. We find persistence to be more
intense for LFS signatures than HFS. To exploit the seasonal correlation in
the frequency estimation of high and low flows, we fit a bi-variate
meta-Gaussian probability distribution to the selected flow signatures and
average flow in the antecedent months in order to condition the distribution
of high and low flows in the HFS and LFS, respectively, upon river flow
observations in the previous months. The benefit of the suggested methodology
is demonstrated by updating the frequency distribution of high and low flows
one season in advance in a real-world case. Our findings suggest that there
is a traceable physical basis for river memory which, in turn, can be
statistically assimilated into high- and low-flow frequency estimation to
reduce uncertainty and improve predictions for technical purposes.
The impact of earthquake cycle variability on neotectonic and paleoseismic slip rate estimates
Authors: Styron Richard 
Published: January 2019

Abstract. Because of the natural (aleatoric) variability in earthquake recurrence
intervals and coseismic displacements on a fault, cumulative slip on a fault
does not increase linearly or perfectly step-wise with time; instead, some
amount of variability in shorter-term slip rates results. Though this
variability could greatly affect the accuracy of neotectonic (i.e., late
Quaternary) and paleoseismic slip rate estimates, these effects have not been
quantified. In this study, idealized faults with four different,
representative, earthquake recurrence distributions are created with equal
mean recurrence intervals (1000 years) and coseismic slip distributions, and
the variability in slip rate estimates over 500- to 100 000-year measurement
windows is calculated for all faults through Monte Carlo simulations. Slip
rates are calculated as net offset divided by elapsed time, as in a typical
neotectonic study. The recurrence distributions used are quasi-periodic,
unclustered and clustered lognormal distributions, and an unclustered
exponential distribution. The results demonstrate that the most important
parameter is the coefficient of variation (CV = standard
deviation ∕ mean) of the recurrence distributions rather than the shape
of the distribution itself. Slip rate variability over short timescales
(< 5000 years or 5 mean earthquake cycles) is quite high, varying by
a factor of 3 or more from the mean, but decreases with time and is close to
stable after ∼40 000 years (40 mean earthquake cycles). This
variability is higher for recurrence distributions with a higher CV. The
natural variability in the slip rate estimates compared to the true value is
then used to estimate the epistemic uncertainty in a single slip rate
measurement (as one would make in a geological study) in the absence of any
measurement uncertainty. This epistemic uncertainty is very high (a factor of
2 or more) for measurement windows of a few mean earthquake cycles (as in a
paleoseismic slip rate estimate), but decreases rapidly to a factor of
1–2 with > 5 mean earthquake cycles (as in a neotectonic slip
rate study). These uncertainties are independent of, and should be propagated
with, uncertainties in fault displacement and geochronologic measurements
used to estimate slip rates. They may then aid in the comparison of slip
rates from different methods or the evaluation of potential slip rate changes
over time.
Components of standard metabolic rate variability in three species of gammarids
Authors: Shokri Milad , Ciotti Mario , Vignes Fabio , Gjoni Vojsava , Basset Alberto 
Published: January 2019

Abstract. Standard metabolic rate is a major functional trait with large inter-individual variability in many groups of aquatic species. Here we present results of an experimental study to address variation in standard metabolic rates, over different scales of organisation and environments, within a specific group of aquatic macro-invertebrates (i.e. gammarid amphipods) that represent the primary consumers in detritus food webs. The study was carried out using flow-through microrespirometric techniques on male specimens of three gammarid species from freshwater, transitional water and marine ecosystems. We examined individual metabolic rate variations at three scales: (1) at the individual level, during an 8 h period of daylight; (2) at the within-population level, along body-size and body-condition gradients; (3) at the interspecific level, across species occurring in the field in the three different categories of aquatic ecosystems, from freshwater to marine. We show that standard metabolic rates vary significantly at all three scales examined, with the highest variation observed at the within-population level. Variation in individual standard metabolic rates during the daylight hours was generally low (coefficient of variation, CV<10 %) and unrelated to time. The average within-population CV ranged between 30.0 % and 35.0 %, with body size representing a significant source of overall inter-individual variation in the three species and individual body condition exerting only a marginal influence. In all species, the allometric equations were not as steep as would be expected from the 3∕4 power law, with significant variation in mass-specific metabolic rates among populations. The population from the transitional water ecosystem had the highest mass-specific metabolic rates and the lowest within-population variation. In the gammarid species studied here, body-size-independent variations in standard individual metabolic rates were higher than those explained by allometric body size scaling, and the costs of adaptation to short-term periodic variations in water salinity in the studied ecosystems also seemed to represent a major source of variation.
Los vínculos entre el jefe del Estado y los ministros análisis protocolario de actos oficiales celebrados durante el régimen franquista
Authors: Castillero-Ostio Elizabet , Castillo-Esparcia Antonio 
Published: January 2019

En el presente artículo se realiza un recorrido por las carteras ministeriales de las distintas formaciones gubernamentales sucedidas durante el régimen franquista a través del análisis de la presencia y ubicación de los ministros en los actos celebrados en el Día de la Hispanidad-Raza (12 de octubre) y en el de San José Artesano (1 de mayo). Hemos acudido a la argumentación de diferentes autores tratando de conocer las carreras políticas de cada uno de los componentes de los distintos gobiernos franquistas que más aparecen en los actos analizados o lo hacen en posiciones privilegiadas, además de detallar los posibles vínculos que los unían al Jefe del Estado. Todo ello, para tratar de determinar si existe algún indicio que indique la puesta en práctica de un criterio subjetivo a la hora de invitar y ordenar a las autoridades en los actos que responda a los intereses del Régimen, en concreto a la cabeza visible de este, su Jefe, permitiéndonos este hecho reflejar el estado de los vínculos que unen a la institución con sus públicos en cada momento.____________________In the present article we will provide an overview of the different ministerial portfolios in the government during the Franco regime by analyzing the presence and location of the ministers in the acts that took place during the Hispanic Heritage and Race Day (12th, October) and St. Joseph Artisan's Day (1st, May). We have looked through the argumentations made by different writers in order to know more about their political careers of each one of the members who seemed to appear more often in those acts, or appearing from privileged positions, along the different governments during Franco times, as well as detailing the possible links between the Head of State and them. The purpose is to determine the existence of any evidence which indicates an actual subjective criteria at the time of inviting and positioning the different members of authorities in the above mentioned acts responding to the interests of the regime, particularly those of the Head of State. Thus, it would allow us to reflect the nature of the links between the institution and their audiences in any given time.