bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Climate change impact on a wine‐producing region using a dynamical downscaling approach: Climate parameters, bioclimatic indices and extreme indices
Authors: Blanco‐Ward Daniel , Monteiro Alexandra , Lopes Myriam , Borrego Carlos , Silveira Carlos , Viceto Carolina , Rocha Alfredo , Ribeiro António , Andrade João , Feliciano Manuel , Castro João , Barreales David , Neto Jorge , Carlos Cristina , Peixoto Carlos , Miranda Ana 
Published: June 2019

AbstractClimate change is of major relevance to wine production as most of the wine‐growing regions of the world are located within relatively narrow latitudinal bands with average growing‐season temperatures (GSTs) limited to 13–21°C. This study focuses on the incidence of climate variables and indices that are relevant both for climate change assessment and for grape production, with emphasis on grapevine bioclimatic indices and extreme events (e.g., cold waves, storms, heatwaves). Dynamical downscaling of European Reanalysis‐Interim and Max Planck Institute Earth System low‐resolution global simulations forced with a Representative Concentration Pathway 8.5 (RCP8.5) greenhouse gas emission scenario was performed with the Weather Research and Forecast (WRF) model to a regional scale including the Douro Valley of Portugal for recent‐past (1986–2005) and future periods (2046–2065, 2081–2100). The number, duration and intensity of events were superimposed over critical phenological phases estimated by using a specific local grapevine varietal phenological model in order to assess their positive or negative implications for wine production in the region. An assessment of the relevance of climate parameters and indices and their progression in recent‐past and future climate scenarios with regard to the potential impact on wine production was performed. Results indicate a positive relation between higher growing‐season heat accumulations and greater vintage yields. A moderate incidence of very hot days (daily maximum temperature above 35°C) and drought from pre‐véraisonphenological conditions have a positive association with vintage ratings. However, the mid‐ and long‐term WRF‐MPI RCP8.5 future climate scenarios reveal shifts to warmer and drier conditions, with the mean GST not remaining within range for quality wine production in the long‐term future climate scenario. These results indicate potential impacts that suggest a range of strategies to maintain wine production and quality in the region.
Effects of Type II Diabetes Mellitus on Tendon Homeostasis and Healing
Authors: Nichols Anne E. C. , Oh Irvin , Loiselle Alayna E. 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTOver 300,000 tendon repairs are performed annually in the United States to repair damage to tendons as a result of either acute trauma or chronic tendinopathy. Individuals with type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are four times more likely to experience tendinopathy, and up to five times more likely to experience a tendon tear or rupture than non‐diabetics. As nearly 10% of the US population is diabetic, with an additional 33% pre‐diabetic, this is a particularly problematic health care challenge. Tendon healing in general is challenging and often unsatisfactory due to the formation of mechanically inferior scar‐tissue rather than regeneration of native tendon structure. In T2DM tendons, there is evidence of an amplified scar tissue response, which may be associated with the increased the risk of rupture or impaired restoration of range of motion. Despite the dramatic effect of T2DM on tendon function and outcomes following injury, there are few therapies available to promote improved healing in these patients. Several recent studies have enhanced our understanding of the pro‐inflammatory environment of T2DM healing and have assessed potential treatment approaches to mitigate pathological progression in pre‐clinical models of diabetic tendinopathy. This review discusses the current state of knowledge of diabetic tendon healing from molecular to mechanical disruptions and identifies promising approaches and critical knowledge gaps as the field moves toward identification of novel therapeutic strategies to maintain or restore tendon function in diabetic patients. © 2019 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 38:13–22, 2020
Micromotion and Push‐Out Evaluation of an Additive Manufactured Implant for Above‐the‐Knee Amputees
Authors: Barnes Spencer C. , Clasper Jon C. , Bull Anthony M. J. , Jeffers Jonathan R. T. 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTIn comparison to through‐knee amputees the outcomes for above‐the‐knee amputees are relatively poor; based on this novel techniques have been developed. Most current percutaneous implant‐based solutions for transfemoral amputees make use of high stiffness intramedullary rods for skeletal fixation, which can have risks including infection, femoral fractures, and bone resorption due to stress shielding. This work details the cadaveric testing of a short, cortical bone stiffness‐matched subcutaneous implant, produced using additive manufacture, to determine bone implant micromotion and push‐out load. The results for the micromotions were all <20 μm and the mean push‐out load was 2,099 Newtons. In comparison to a solid control, the stiffness‐matched implant exhibited significantly higher micromotion distributions and no significant difference in terms of push‐out load. These results suggest that, for the stiffness‐matched implant at time zero, osseointegration would be facilitated and that the implant would be securely anchored. For these metrics, this provides justification for the use of a short‐stem implant for transfemoral amputees in this subcutaneous application. © 2019 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 37:2104–2111, 2019
Clinical Study to Assess the 1,060 nm Diode Laser for the Treatment of Post‐Liposuction Deformities
Authors: Petti Christine , Stoneburner Jacqueline 
Published: June 2019

Background and ObjectivesLiposuction has become increasingly popular in the past decade due to advances in technique and technology. Despite the demand, there exists a significant population of patients who have contour deformities post‐liposuction. The 1,060 nm diode laser has been Food and Drug Administration cleared for the removal of unwanted fat, so it was theorized that this noninvasive laser system could be efficacious to smooth these areas of post‐liposuction contour deformities. This study was designed to retrospectively study the clinical changes induced by a 1,060 nm diode laser system to treat contour deformities in tissue post‐liposuction.Study Design/Materials and MethodsFifteen patients with contour deformities post‐liposuction (minimally six months post‐surgery) were treated in the area of the deformity with the noninvasive hyperthermic 1,060 nm diode laser system. Each patient received two treatments at a 6‐week interval in the anatomical area of their contour deformity.ResultsFifteen subjects had completed two treatments and the necessary follow‐up needs to be included in these results. Two blinded evaluators could correctly identify the pre‐treatment image compared to the post‐treatment image in an average of 85% of subjects. So, 100% of the patients were graded to be at least “Improved” with an average of 40% of subjects being “Very Much Improved”. Patient satisfaction was “High” in all subjects who have completed the treatment protocol. The physician satisfaction was rated as “Much Improved” in 33% of the patient results and “Improved” in 66% of the patient results.ConclusionsThe noninvasive hyperthermic 1,060 nm diode system is highly effective and safe for the treatment of contour deformities post‐liposuction. Lasers Surg. Med. © 2019 The Authors. Lasers in Surgery and Medicine Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Phosphodiester Hydrogels for Cell Scaffolding and Drug Release Applications
Authors: Dera Rafael , Diliën Hanne , Billen Brecht , Gagliardi Mick , Rahimi Nastaran , Van Den Akker Nynke M. S. , Molin Daniel G. M. , Grandfils Christian , Adriaensens Peter , Guedens Wanda , Cleij Thomas J. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractGiven the major structural role phosphodiesters play in the organism it is surprising they have not been more widely adopted as a building block in sophisticated biomimetic hydrogels and other biomaterials. The potential benefits are substantial: phosphoester‐based materials show excellent compatibility with blood, cells, and a remarkable resistance to protein adsorption that may trigger a foreign‐body response. In this work, a novel class of phosphodiester‐based ionic hydrogels is presented which are crosslinked via a phosphodiester moiety. The material shows good compatibility with blood, supports the growth and proliferation of tissue and presents opportunities for use as a drug release matrix as shown with fluorescent model compounds. The final gel is produced via base‐induced elimination from a phosphotriester precursor, which is made by the free‐radical polymerization of a phosphotriester crosslinker. This crosslinker is easily synthesized via multigram one‐pot procedures out of common laboratory chemicals. Via the addition of various comonomers the properties of the final gel may be tuned leading to a wide range of novel applications for this exciting class of materials.
How to Tailor Structural Colors for Extended Visibility and White Light Generation Employing Direct Laser Interference Patterning
Authors: Storm Sebastian , Alamri Sabri , Soldera Marcos , Kunze Tim , Lasagni Andrés Fabián 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe appearance of a surface can be controlled by creating periodic microstructures designed to diffract light and produce structural colors. Nevertheless, since structural coloration is based on diffraction, the produced colors have a strong dependence on the viewing angle and absence of coloration takes place while tilting the samples. In this work direct laser interference patterning is used to firstly provide transparent polymer sheets a structural coloration with a high‐range observation angle, and secondly to demonstrate the combination of structural colors, producing a white coloring effect. The employed approaches are based on the fabrication of micro‐gratings with multiple periods in the same structured area and on the engineering of the diffraction orders of the diffraction spectrum. The patterned surfaces are characterized by confocal microscopy and angular spectrometry in reflection mode. The morphological characterization shows homogeneous surface patterns, while the spectral results demonstrate that combining four spatial periods on a single patterned surface, a white appearance is obtained over an angular observation range higher than 30°. The experimental results are supported by theoretical predictions by means of generalized formulas based on the diffraction of light.
Enhancement of epigenetic reprogramming status of porcine cloned embryos with zebularine, a DNA methyltransferase inhibitor
Authors: Taweechaipaisankul Anukul , Kim Geon A , Jin Jun‐Xue , Lee Sanghoon , Qasim Muhammad , Kim Eui Hyun , Lee Byeong Chun 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAberrant epigenetic reprogramming is known to be a major cause of inefficient somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) in pigs, and use of epigenetic modification agents, such as DNA methyltransferase inhibitors (DNMTis), is a promising approach for enhancing SCNT efficacy. Here, we attempted to find the optimal condition of zebularine (Zb), a DNMTi, treatment on porcine SCNT embryos during in vitro culture (IVC). As results, treatment with 5 nM Zb for 24 hr showed the highest rate of embryo development to blastocyst compared to other groups (p < .05). Also, the relative intensities of global DNA methylation levels of anti‐5‐methylcytosine in pseudo‐pronuclear (PNC), 2‐cell and 4‐cell stages were significantly lower in the Zb‐treated group (p < .05), however, changes in methylation levels of centromeric satellite repeat were noted only in PNC and blastocyst stages. In addition, significant positive alterations in the relative expression of genes related to pluripotency (OCT4 and SOX2), histone acetylation (HAT1, HDAC1, HDAC2, and HDAC3) and DNA methylation (DNMT1 and DNMT3a) were observed compared to the control (p < .05). In conclusion, we found that Zb could modify DNA methylation levels in the early stages of porcine SCNT embryos and promote their developmental competence.
A regularized reconstruction pipeline for high‐definition diffusion MRI in challenging regions incorporating a per‐shot image correction
Authors: Cousin Samuel F. , Liberman Gilad , Solomon Eddy , Otikovs Martins , Frydman Lucio 
Published: June 2019

PurposeDiffusion MRI is of interest for clinical research and diagnosis. Whereas high‐ resolution DWI/DTI is hard to achieve by single‐shot methods, interleaved acquisitions can deliver these if motion and/or folding artefacts are overcome. Thanks to its ability to provide zoomed, folding‐free images, spatially encoded MRI can fulfill these requirements. This is here coupled with a regularized reconstruction and parallel receive methods, to deliver a robust scheme for human DWI/DTI at mm and sub‐mm resolutions.MethodsEach shot along the spatially encoded dimension was reconstructed separately to retrieve per‐shot phase maps. These shots, together with coil sensitivities, were combined with spatially encoded quadratic phase‐encoding matrices associated to each shot, into single global operators. Their originating images were then iteratively computed aided by l1 and l2 regularization methods. When needed, motion‐corrupted shots were discarded and replaced by redundant information arising from parallel imaging.ResultsFull‐brain DTI experiments at 1 mm and restricted brain DTIs with 0.75 mm nominal in‐plane resolutions were acquired and reconstructed successfully by the new scheme. These 3 Tesla spetiotemporally encoded results compared favorably with EPI counterparts based on segmented and selective excitation schemes provided with the scanner.ConclusionA new procedure for achieving high‐definition diffusion‐based MRI was developed and demonstrated.
Nocturnal voiding frequency does not describe nocturia‐related bother
Authors: Rose Georgie E. , Denys Marie‐Astrid , Kumps Candy , Whishaw David M. , Khan Fary , Everaert Karel C. , Bower Wendy F. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAimNocturia frequency has been used as a measure of treatment efficacy for nocturia even though fluctuation of the symptom over time has been well described in the literature. Additionally, given the multifactorial causal pathway and clinically relevant comorbidities, frequency alone may be an insufficient marker of treatment direction. The aim of this study was to investigate factors associated with nocturia‐related bother to identify additional variables that may capture the impact of nocturia, direct clinical care and have potential to quantify treatment outcome.MethodsProspective data from tertiary hospital Urology and Continence cohorts were matched for identical variables to generate a sample of 204 datasets. Descriptive statistics were obtained to describe the two cohorts. Characteristics of patients were evaluated across levels of nocturia frequency and nocturia‐related bother using nonparametric methods; statistically significant differences between groups in each cohort were established.ResultsNocturia frequency alone does not comprehensively reflect attributable bother. Five sleep variables (poor quality sleep, short time to first awakening to void, less than 7 hours of total sleep, primary sleep latency, and daytime sleepiness) and daily urinary urgency were significantly associated with high nocturia‐related bother. Attributable bother, despite high‐frequency nocturia, was minimized by male gender, lack of daily urinary urgency and good sleep quality. Poor health status, urinary urgency and sleep latency were associated with nocturia frequency.ConclusionsItems of importance to individuals with nocturia have been identified from patient data. These variables have the potential to sit alongside change in nocturia frequency as potential markers of treatment response.
A new bladder‐emptying method in females with neurogenic bladder: A randomized, phase II trial
Authors: Calisto Fernanda C. F. S. , Vilar Fabio O. , Lustosa Eugênio S. , Calisto Sérgio L. S. , Schots Heron O. , Lima Salvador V. C. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAimTo evaluate the performance of the new device compared with clean intermittent catheterization (CIC).MethodsFrom March 2015 to March 2018, patients who were admitted to the urologic outpatient clinic. A new intraurethral self‐retaining device (ISRD) was made of medical grade silicone and it was inspired by similar catheters that use sliding disks to adjust or fix tubes used to drain the bladder. Patients were randomized into two groups (experimental group [GI]‐ISRD vs control group [GII]‐CIC). The evaluation was performed at the time of enrollment and 6 months after treatment. Intervention was initiated from the antisepsis of the perineal region and subsequent introduction of the device through the external urethral meatus. The primary outcome was quality of life (QOL). Urinary tract infections (UTIs) episodes, data on urodynamic parameters, adverse effects and number of diapers per day.ResultsA total of 177 subjects were analyzed. We found a significant improvement on QOL analysis in the ISRD group (P < .01). ISRD group presented an important reduction (two episodes after ISRD use) on number of UTIs (P < .01) and diaper use, and significant improvement on bladder capacity (80 mL of the average improvement) (P < .01) and compliance (P = .01). Among all registered serious adverse effects, ISRD presented with lower proportion.ConclusionsThe new device has shown to be a safe and promising alternative for adequate emptying of the neurogenic bladder in female patients. Our study has a limitation that is related to a limited period of observation.
Synthesis and characterization of new nitrogen‐ and oxygen‐rich cyclohexanone–formaldehyde resin for fast Cd(II) adsorption in aqueous solution
Authors: Dinari Mohammad , Maleki Mohammad Hassan , Bagheri Rouhollah 
Published: June 2019

AbstractA new structure of cyclohexanone–formaldehyde resin (CFR) was synthesized viain situcondensation reaction of 2,4,6‐tris(p‐formylphenoxy)‐1,3,5‐triazine (TFPA) with CFR. TFPA was prepared by the reaction of cyanuric chloride andp‐hydroxybenzaldehyde and its structure was confirmed using spectroscopic methods and elemental analysis. The structural, thermal and morphological properties of the nitrogen‐ and oxygen‐rich CFR were studied using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis and field emission scanning electron microscopy. After characterization, the resin was used as an adsorbent for Cd(II) due to the high level of nitrogen and oxygen in its structure. The effects of various parameters such as pH, concentration and time on the adsorption process were studied. The maximum adsorption capacity of cadmium at pH 8 in 5 min was 83.61 mg L−1. The adsorption isotherm was applied to the Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin and Dubinin–Radushkevich models. Comparing the correlation coefficient (R2), the Langmuir model was fitted well. Pseudo‐first‐order, pseudo‐second‐order, Elivich and intra‐particle diffusion models of adsorption kinetics were explored. The pseudo‐second‐order model can better explain the adsorption kinetics that shows adsorption being dependent on the number of active sites of the adsorbent. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
3D Brochosomes‐Like TiO2/WO3/BiVO4 Arrays as Photoanode for Photoelectrochemical Hydrogen Production
Authors: Pan Qin , Zhang Haifeng , Yang Yaping , Cheng Chuanwei 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAn ideal photoelectrochemical (PEC) anode should process effective light absorption, charge transport, and separation efficiency. Here, a novel 3D brochosomes‐like TiO2/WO3/BiVO4 array as an efficient photoanode by combining a colloid polystyrene sphere template and electrochemical deposition routes for PEC hydrogen generation is reported. The as‐fabricated 3D TiO2/WO3/BiVO4 brochosomes photoanode yields excellent PEC performance with photocurrent densities of ≈3.13 and ≈4.27 mA cm−2 with FeOOH/NiOOH catalyst, respectively, measured in 0.5 m Na2SO4 solution with 0.1 m Na2SO3 at 1.23 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE) under simulated AM1.5 light illumination, which is ≈6 times the reference sample of a planar WO3/BiVO4 film electrode. The significantly improved performance could be benefited from the ordered hollow porous structure that provides enhanced light absorption and efficient charge transport as well as improved charge separation efficiency by WO3/BiVO4 “host–guest” heterojunctions.
Breathable Nanowood Biofilms as Guiding Layer for Green On‐Skin Electronics
Authors: Zhou Tianle , Wang Jin‐Wen , Huang Ming , An Rong , Tan Huaping , Wei Hao , Chen Zheng‐Dong , Wang Xin , Liu Xiaoheng , Wang Feng , He Jianying 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThin‐film electronics are urged to be directly laminated onto human skin for reliable, sensitive biosensing together with feedback transdermal therapy, their self‐power supply using the thermoelectric and moisture‐induced‐electric effects also has gained great attention (skin and on‐skin electronics (On‐skinE) themselves are energy storehouses). However, “thin‐film” On‐skinE 1) cannot install “bulky” heatsinks or sweat transport channels, but the output power of thermoelectric generator and moisture‐induced‐electric generator relies on the temperature difference (∆T ) across generator and the ambient humidity (AH), respectively; 2) lack a routing and accumulation of sweat for biosensing, lack targeted delivery of drugs for precise transdermal therapy; and 3) need insulation between the heat‐generating unit and heat‐sensitive unit. Here, two breathable nanowood biofilms are demonstrated, which can help insulate between units and guide the heat and sweat to another in‐plane direction. The transparent biofilms achieve record‐high transport///transport⊥ (//: along cellulose nanofiber alignment direction, ⊥: perpendicular direction) of heat (925%) and sweat (338%), winning applications emphasizing on ∆T/AH‐dependent output power and “reliable” biosensing. The porous biofilms are competent in applications where “sensitive” biosensing (transporting// sweat up to 11.25 mm s−1 at the 1st second), “insulating” between units, and “targeted” delivery of saline‐soluble drugs are of uppermost priority.
Surface‐Engineered Black Niobium Oxide@Graphene Nanosheets for High‐Performance Sodium‐/Potassium‐Ion Full Batteries
Authors: Tong Zhongqiu , Yang Rui , Wu Shilin , Shen Dong , Jiao Tianpeng , Zhang Kaili , Zhang Wenjun , Lee Chun‐Sing 
Published: June 2019

AbstractNanoscale surface‐engineering plays an important role in improving the performance of battery electrodes. Nb2O5 is one typical model anode material with promising high‐rate lithium storage. However, its modest reaction kinetics and low electrical conductivity obstruct the efficient storage of larger ions of sodium or potassium. In this work, partially surface‐amorphized and defect‐rich black niobium oxide@graphene (black Nb2O5−x@rGO) nanosheets are designed to overcome the above Na/K storage problems. The black Nb2O5−x@rGO nanosheets electrodes deliver a high‐rate Na and K storage capacity (123 and 73 mAh g−1, respectively at 3 A g−1) with long‐term cycling stability. Besides, both Na‐ion and K‐ion full batteries based on black Nb2O5−x@rGO nanosheets anodes and vanadate‐based cathodes (Na0.33V2O5 and K0.5V2O5 for Na‐ion and K‐ion full batteries, respectively) demonstrate promising rate and cycling performance. Notably, the K‐ion full battery delivers higher energy and power densities (172 Wh Kg−1 and 430 W Kg−1), comparable to those reported in state‐of‐the‐art K‐ion full batteries, accompanying with a capacity retention of ≈81.3% over 270 cycles. This result on Na‐/K‐ion batteries may pave the way to next‐generation post‐lithium batteries.