bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A systematic review of validated tools assessing functional and aesthetic outcomes following fibula free flap reconstruction of the mandible
Authors: Petrovic Ivana , Panchal Hina , De Souza Franca Paula Demetrio , Hernandez Marisol , McCarthy Colleen C. , Shah Jatin P. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBackgroundSegmental mandibulectomy impairs health‐related quality of life (QoL), by altering speech, mastication, swallowing, and facial aesthetics. Fibula free flap (FFF) used for mandible reconstruction is known to improve outcomes; however, minimal information exists in the literature regarding patient‐reported outcomes. We aim to assess how current studies evaluate patient perception following segmental mandibulectomy and FFF mandible reconstruction.MethodsFollowing Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses guidelines, a search was conducted for publications involving FFF mandible reconstruction from 2005 to 2017 using PubMed, Cochrane, EMBASE, Web of Science, and PsychInfo.ResultsOf 2212 articles identified initially, only 7 studies were deemed suitable. Six studies used the University of Washington Quality of Life questionnaire, 3 Oral Health Impact Profile, and 1 used European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Head and Neck (EORTC‐H&N35).ConclusionsThere is a paucity of information in published reports on QoL outcomes following mandible reconstruction with FFF. In the era of patient‐centered health care, observations warrant attention from researchers for physician‐assessed patient‐reported measures to factor in QoL expectation during surgical decision‐making about the choice of reconstruction.
High‐dose versus standard‐dose radiation therapy for cervical esophageal cancer: Retrospective single‐institution study
Authors: Kim Tae Hyung , Lee Ik Jae , Kim Ji‐Hyun , Lee Chang Geol , Lee Yong Chan , Kim Jun Won 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBackgroundTo evaluate the role of definitive radiotherapy using higher‐than‐standard‐dose radiation of 50 Gy for carcinoma of the cervical esophagus (CCE).MethodsWe reviewed 79 patients with stage I‐III CCE, treated between 2000 and 2012. Patients received 5‐fluorouracil/cisplatin‐based chemotherapy concurrently and were divided into high‐dose (≥59.4 Gy, n = 44) and standard‐dose (<59.4 Gy, n = 35) groups.ResultsThe median follow‐up was 35 months for surviving patients. The high‐dose group had significantly better 3‐year local (90.0% vs 60.4%, P = .001) and locoregional (70.4% vs 45.3%, P = .04) control. Progression‐free (45.4% vs 37.5%, P = .32) and overall (58.4% vs 49.1%, P = .69) survival rates were not different. High‐dose radiation was an independent prognostic factor for locoregional control (P = .04). No differences in late toxicities (esophageal stenosis or tracheoesophageal fistula) were observed.ConclusionHigh‐dose radiation for CCE improves local and locoregional control, without increasing severe toxicities.
Local immune parameters as potential predictive markers in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma patients receiving induction chemotherapy and cetuximab
Authors: Ladányi Andrea , Kapuvári Bence , Papp Eszter , Tóth Erika , Lövey József , Horváth Katalin , Gődény Mária , Remenár Éva 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to determine whether tumor‐associated immune cells may predict response to therapy and disease outcome in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients receiving induction chemotherapy and cetuximab.MethodsParaffin‐embedded pretreatment biopsy samples from 45 patients with stage III‐IV resectable HNSCC were investigated retrospectively by immunohistochemistry for density of different immune cell types based on expression of CD8, FOXP3, CD134, CD137, PD‐1, CD20, NKp46, dendritic cell lysosomal‐associated membrane protein (DC‐LAMP), CD16, CD68, and myeloperoxidase. Results were analyzed for possible correlations with clinicopathologic parameters, response to therapy, and survival.ResultsOf the immune cell types studied, we found significant association with response to induction chemotherapy only in the case of DC‐LAMP+ mature dendritic cells and PD‐1+ lymphocytes; density of DC‐LAMP+ cells also correlated with progression‐free survival.ConclusionDC‐LAMP+ mature dendritic cells and PD‐1+ cells may be implicated in response to induction chemotherapy and cetuximab in HNSCC patients.
Treatment with once‐weekly alendronate oral jelly compared with once‐weekly alendronate oral tablet for Japanese patients with primary osteoporosis: An open‐label, prospective, observational study
Authors: Okimoto Nobukazu , Uemura Yukari , Yoshioka Toru , Arita Shinobu , Tsurukami Hiroshi , Otomo Hajime , Nishida Satoshi , Ogawa Takayuki , Hirao Ken , Ikeda Satoshi , Matsumoto Hidehiro , Toten Yoriko , Katae Yuji , Okazaki Yuichi , Nakagawa Tsuyoshi , Sakai Akinori 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBackground and aimsClinical data regarding alendronate jelly are limited. We compared the efficacy and safety of once‐weekly alendronate oral jelly with once‐weekly alendronate tablet formulations in the context of primary osteoporosis.MethodsIn this 6‐month, open‐label, prospective, observational study, Japanese patients aged ≥60 years with primary osteoporosis were included from 14 primary care centres in Japan. The effects of once‐weekly alendronate oral jelly and tablet formulations on bone mineral density (BMD), bone turnover markers, and quality of life related to gastrointestinal symptoms were assessed at baseline and 6 months. Treatment was allocated by patient preference. This potentially confounding factor was adjusted for statistically.ResultsIn total, 170 patients were enrolled (jelly, n = 97; tablet, n = 73). Mean percent changes in radius, lumbar spine, femoral neck, and hip BMD were similar in both treatment groups at 6 months. Both formulations decreased tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase 5b (TRACP‐5b) and procollagen 1 N‐terminal peptide (P1NP) between baseline and 6 months (by about 50% and 60%, respectively); no significant differences in mean changes were noted in these markers between groups. At 6 months, no significant differences were noted in visual analogue scale or EuroQOL five‐dimension questionnaire scores between groups. The jelly group had significantly lower scores than the tablet group in the Izumo scale domains of heartburn (−0.81, P = 0.0040), epigastralgia (−0.94, P = 0.0003), and epigastric fullness (−0.49, P = 0.044). During treatment, more patients discontinued for upper gastrointestinal symptoms in the tablet group (n = 4) than the jelly group (n = 1).ConclusionsOnce‐weekly alendronate oral jelly 35 mg may be a suitable alternative therapeutic agent for primary osteoporosis in Japan.
MHD boundary layer bionanoconvective non‐Newtonian flow past a needle with Stefan blowing
Authors: Amirsom N. A. , Uddin Mohammed Jashim , Ismail Ahmad Izani md 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe purpose of the article is to present a transport model for magnetohydrodynamics‐forced convective non‐Newtonian boundary flow from a thin needle in a nanofluid in the presence of microorganisms and Stefan blowing. The governing equations are reduced to ordinary differential equations with the help of similarity transformations and then numerically solved by using the Matlab bvp4c function. The effect of various emerging parameters on the flow field, heat, mass, and density of motile microorganisms transfer was computed and studied. It was found that some of the parameters have an important effect on the boundary layer thickness. Justification with earlier simpler model in the absence of magnetic field is included. The model finds applications in various transdermal delivery system, biomedical electromagnetic treatments and to design new medical devices for cell delivery to the central nervous system.
Effects of inhibition of hepatic sulfotransferase activity on renal genotoxicity induced by lucidin‐3‐O‐primeveroside
Authors: Ishii Yuji , Kijima Aki , Takasu Shinji , Ogawa Kumiko , Umemura Takashi 
Published: December 2018

AbstractSulfotransferase 1A (SULT1A) expression is lower in the liver of humans than that of rodents. Therefore, species differences should be taken into consideration when assessing the risk of rodent hepatocarcinogens metabolically activated by SULT1A in humans. Although some renal carcinogens require SULT1A‐mediated activation, it is unclear how SULT1A activity in the liver affects renal carcinogens. To explore the effects of SULT1A activity in the liver on genotoxicity induced by SULT1A‐activated renal carcinogens, B6C3F1 mice or gpt delta mice of the same strain background were given lucidin‐3‐O‐primeveroside (LuP), a hepatic and renal carcinogen of rodents, for 4 or 13 weeks, respectively, and pentachlorophenol (PCP) as a liver‐specific SULT inhibitor, was given from 1 week before LuP treatment to the end of the experiment. A 4 week exposure of LuP induced lucidin‐specific DNA adduct formation. The suppression of Sult1a expression was observed only in the liver but not in the kidneys of PCP‐treated mice, but co‐administration of PCP suppressed LuP‐induced DNA adduct formation in both organs. Thirteen‐week exposure of LuP increased mutation frequencies and cotreatment with PCP suppressed these increases in both organs. Given that intact levels of SULT activity in the liver were much higher than in the kidneys of rodents, SULT1A may predominantly activate LuP in the liver, consequently leading to genotoxicity not only in the liver but also in the kidney. Thus, species differences should be considered in human risk assessment of renal carcinogens activated by SULT1A as in the case of the corresponding liver carcinogens.
Three‐dimensional analysis reveals altered chromatin interaction by enhancer inhibitors harbors TCF7L2‐regulated cancer gene signature
Authors: Gerrard Diana L. , Wang Yao , Gaddis Malaina , Zhou Yufan , Wang Junbai , Witt Heather , Lin Shili , Farnham Peggy J. , Jin Victor X. , Frietze Seth E. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractDistal regulatory elements influence the activity of gene promoters through chromatin looping. Chromosome conformation capture (3C) methods permit identification of chromatin contacts across different regions of the genome. However, due to limitations in the resolution of these methods, the detection of functional chromatin interactions remains a challenge. In the current study, we employ an integrated approach to define and characterize the functional chromatin contacts of human pancreatic cancer cells. We applied tethered chromatin capture to define classes of chromatin domains on a genome‐wide scale. We identified three types of structural domains (topologically associated, boundary, and gap) and investigated the functional relationships of these domains with respect to chromatin state and gene expression. We uncovered six distinct sub‐domains associated with epigenetic states. Interestingly, specific epigenetically active domains are sensitive to treatment with histone acetyltransferase (HAT) inhibitors and decrease in H3K27 acetylation levels. To examine whether the subdomains that change upon drug treatment are functionally linked to transcription factor regulation, we compared TCF7L2 chromatin binding and gene regulation to HAT inhibition. We identified a subset of coding RNA genes that together can stratify pancreatic cancer patients into distinct survival groups. Overall, this study describes a process to evaluate the functional features of chromosome architecture and reveals the impact of epigenetic inhibitors on chromosome architecture and identifies genes that may provide insight into disease outcome.
β‐Sitosterol improves experimental colitis in mice with a target against pathogenic bacteria
Authors: Ding Kang , Tan Yan‐Yan , Ding Yang , Fang Yuan , Yang Xu , Fang Jian , Xu Da‐Chao , Zhang Hui , Lu Wei , Li Meng , Huang Shi‐Cai , Cai Meng‐Ling , Song Yan , Ding Yi‐Jiang , Zhang Su‐Min 
Published: December 2018

AbstractIn this article, we aim to examine the novel effects of β‐sitosterol on murine experimental colitis. β‐Sitosterol significantly reduces the weight loss, colon length, and alleviated microscopic appearances of colitis induced by dextran sulfate sodium. This compound also decreases the levels of TNF‐α, IL‐6, and IL‐1β in intestinal tissue of mice with experimental colitis in a concentration‐dependent manner. β‐Sitosterol treatment to intestinal epithelial cells significantly increases expression of antimicrobial peptides and reduces survival of intracellular Salmonella typhimurium. These results showed the multiple effects of β‐sitosterol against pathogenic bacteria for a novel approach to the treatment of colonic inflammation.
Curcumin: A new candidate for retinal disease therapy?
Authors: Farajipour Hasan , Rahimian Susan , Taghizadeh Mohsen 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe retina is the neural portion and light‐sensitive layer of the eye, which has been observed in most of the vertebrates. The retina is composed of light‐sensitive cells that absorb light and convert it into neural signals. These signals are sent to the brain for visual recognition. It has been shown that many pathogenesis conditions, including inﬂammation, angiogenesis, oxidative stress, and imbalanced histone modiﬁcations in the retina are associated with initiation and progression of retinal diseases (ie, glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, and age‐related macular degeneration). Currently available treatments include laser surgery, freezing, stem‐cell therapy, shrinking abnormal blood vessels. It has some limitations, such as invasive methods, high costs, and many side effects. Hence, finding a new therapeutic platform for stopping or slowing of the disease progression is required. Curcumin is a natural product, which is associated with a wide range of properties, such as antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, antiangiogenic, and antitumor activates. It exerts therapeutic effects via activation/inhibition cellular and molecular targets involved in various diseases, such as retinal diseases. Increasing evidence revealed that curcumin can be used as a therapeutic option in the treatment of different retinal diseases. Here, we summarized various clinical and preclinical studies that used curcumin as a therapeutic agent in the treatment of retinal disorders.
Mesenchymal stem cells facilitate cardiac differentiation in Sox2‐expressing cardiac C‐kit cells in coculture
Authors: Leong Yin Yee , Ng Wai Hoe , Umar Fuaad Mimi Zulaikha , Ng Chin Theng , Ramasamy Rajesh , Lim Vuanghao , Yong Yoke Keong , Tan Jun Jie 
Published: December 2018

AbstractStem cell therapy offers hope to reconstitute injured myocardium and salvage heart from failing. A recent approach using combinations of derived Cardiac‐derived c‐kit expressing cells (CCs) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in transplantation improved infarcted hearts with a greater functional outcome, but the effects of MSCs on CCs remain to be elucidated. We used a novel two‐step protocol to clonogenically amplify colony forming c‐kit expressing cells from 4‐ to 6‐week‐old C57BL/6N mice. This method yielded highly proliferative and clonogenic CCs with an average population doubling time of 17.2 ± 0.2, of which 80% were at the G1 phase. We identified two distinctly different CC populations based on its
Sox2 expression, which was found to inversely related to their
nkx2.5 and
gata4 expression. To study CCs after MSC coculture, we developed micron‐sized particles of iron oxide‐based magnetic reisolation method to separate CCs from MSCs for subsequent analysis. Through validation using the sex and species mismatch CC‐MSC coculture method, we confirmed that the purity of the reisolated cells was greater than 85%. In coculture experiment, we found that MSCs prominently enhanced
Ctni and
Mef2c expressions in
Sox2
pos CCs after the induction of cardiac differentiation, and the level was higher than that of conditioned medium
Sox2
pos CCs. However, these effects were not found in
Sox2
neg CCs. Immunofluorescence labeling confirmed the presence of cardiac‐like cells within
Sox2
pos CCs after differentiation, identified by its cardiac troponin I and α‐sarcomeric actinin expressions. In conclusion, this study shows that MSCs enhance CC differentiation toward cardiac myocytes. This enhancement is dependent on CC stemness state, which is determined by
Sox2 expression.
TIGD1, a gene of unknown function, involves cell‐cycle progression and correlates with poor prognosis in human cancer
Authors: Yin Li , Yan Jia , Wang Yuanyuan , Sun Qinghui 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBackgroundTrigger transposable element–derived 1 (TIGD1), a human species–specific gene, was identified as a cell cycle–related differentially expressed gene during the formation of liver cancer. As far as we know, there are no reports about the function of TIGD1. This study aimed to explore the expression of TIGD1 in human cancers and establish whether elevated TIGD1 can be used as a prognostic cancer biomarker and its potential role in cancer.MethodsMolecular profiling of TIGD1 in human cancers was assessed using a series of databases, including Oncomine, COSMIC, Kaplan‐Meier, UCSC, and cBioPortal.ResultsWe found that TIGD1 overexpressed in colorectal, gastric, liver, lung, and pancreatic cancers than their normal tissues and its expression might be negatively related with the prognosis. The TIGD1 coexpression genes were obtained from cBioPortal and analyzed using ClueGO plugin in Cytoscape to predict the function of TIGD1.ConclusionsIn summary, the elevated TIGD1 expression is coupled with a malignant survival rate in several cancers. It may play its role by regulating cell‐cycle progression. These findings provide fresh insight into our understanding of TEs in cancers. As a previously unreported gene, future research is required to validate our findings and illuminate the molecular mechanisms. In conclusion, we systemically analyze the expression, prognostic value, and likely role of TIGD1, the unknown function gene, in cancer. Our finding provides evidence that TIGD1 involve in the cell cycle. These findings provide fresh insight into our understanding of TEs in cancers. Next, the detailed mechanism of TIGD1 needs to be studied in the future.
1α, 25‐Dihydroxyvitamin D3 alters ectonucleotidase expression and activity in human cutaneous melanoma cells
Authors: Bagatini Margarete Dulce , Bertolin Kalyne , Bridi Alessandra , Pelinson Luana Paula , da Silva Rosa Bonadiman Beatriz , Pillat Michele Mainardi , Gonçalves Paulo Bayard Dias , Ulrich Henning , Schetinger Maria Rosa Chitolina , Morsch Vera Maria 
Published: December 2018

AbstractPurposeWe hypothesized that vitamin D decreases rates of adenosine formation in human cutaneous melanoma cells through the inhibition of extracellular adenosine 5′‐triphosphate breakdown, thereby affecting tumor cell viability. Therefore, the objective of this study was to explore the mechanisms of action of 1α, 25‐dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) on the activity and expression of ectonucleotidases in cutaneous melanoma cells.MethodsA human melanoma cell line, SK‐Mel‐28, was treated with 1 to 50 nM of the active vitamin D metabolite (1,25(OH)2D3) over 24 hours, followed by determination of NTPDase1/CD39 and ecto‐5′‐nucleotidase/CD73 activity and expression rates of the purinergic system‐related NTPDASE1, NT5E and adenosine deaminase and vitamin D receptor. An 3‐(4,5‐dimethyl‐2‐thiazolyl)‐2,5‐diphenyl‐2H‐tetrazolium bromide assay was used to evaluate cellular viability.Results1,25(OH)2D3 decreased adenosine monophosphate hydrolysis via ecto‐5′‐nucleotidase/CD73 and expression of CD73, but did not change NTPDase1/CD39 activity; it increased the CD39 expression. We also observed an increase of cell viability at 1 nM, but this viability decreased as the concentrations of vitamin D active metabolite increased to 50 nM. There were no differences in gene expression levels.ConclusionTo the best of our knowledge, we showed for the first time a mechanism of control of adenosine production via modulation of the purinergic system in cutaneous melanoma cells treated with the active metabolite of vitamin D. This study provides original information regarding mechanisms, in which vitamin D plays a key role in preventing tumor progression in human melanoma cells.
Hesperetin suppresses RANKL‐induced osteoclastogenesis and ameliorates lipopolysaccharide‐induced bone loss
Authors: Liu Hui , Dong Yonghui , Gao Yutong , Zhao Liming , Cai Cong , Qi Dahu , Zhu Meipeng , Zhao Libo , Liu Changyu , Guo Fengjing , Xiao Jun , Huang Hui 
Published: December 2018

AbstractDestructive bone diseases caused by osteolysis are increasing in incidence. They are characterized by an excessive imbalance of osteoclast formation and activation. During osteolysis, the activation of nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB) and mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways are triggered by receptor activator of NF‐κB ligand (RANKL), inflammatory factors, and oxidative stress. Previous studies have indicated that the common flavanone glycoside compound hesperetin exhibits anti‐inflammatory and antioxidant activity by inhibition of NF‐κB and MAPK signaling pathways. However, the direct relationship between hesperetin and osteolysis remain unclear. In the present study, we investigated the effects of hesperetin on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced osteoporosis and elucidated the related mechanisms. Hesperetin effectively suppressed RANKL‐induced osteoclastogenesis, osteoclastic bone resorption, and F‐actin ring formation in a dose‐dependent manner. It also significantly suppressed the expression of osteoclast‐specific markers including tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase, matrix metalloproteinase‐9, cathepsin K, c‐Fos, and nuclear factor of activated T‐cells cytoplasmic 1. Furthermore, it inhibited osteoclastogenesis by inhibiting activation of NF‐κB and MAPK signaling, scavenging reactive oxygen species, and activating the nuclear factor E2 p45‐related factor 2/heme oxygenase 1 (Nrf2/HO‐1) signaling pathway. Consistent with in vitro results, hesperetin effectively ameliorated LPS‐induced bone loss, reduced osteoclast numbers, and decreased the RANKL/OPG ratio in vivo. As such, our results suggest that hesperetin may be a great candidate for developing a novel drug for destructive bone diseases such as periodontal disease, tumor bone metastasis, rheumatoid arthritis, and osteoporosis.
Exclusive enteral nutrition in children with inflammatory bowel disease: Physician perspectives and practice
Authors: Ho Shaun S C , Day Andrew S 
Published: December 2018

Background and AimExclusive enteral nutrition (EEN) is recognized internationally as the first line of treatment for children with active Crohn's disease (CD). A survey conducted a decade ago demonstrated that 40% of Australian pediatric gastroenterologists did not think EEN to be an appropriate treatment for CD. This study aimed to explore the current attitudes of Australian and New Zealand (NZ) pediatric gastroenterologists toward the use of EEN in children with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).MethodsAll practicing pediatric gastroenterologists in Australia and NZ were invited via an existing email network to complete an anonymous online questionnaire.ResultsThe questionnaire was completed by 37 respondents (54% response rate), 31 from Australia and 6 from NZ. All respondents felt that EEN definitely or probably has a role in inducing remission for children with newly diagnosed CD. Australian gastroenterologists were more likely to use EEN for relapsed CD or IBD‐unclassified than NZ doctors (P < 0.05). Adherence was reported to be the greatest disadvantage of EEN. Dietitians were believed to play the most crucial role in EEN administration. Variations in EEN protocols included the use of flavorings or fluids during EEN and different patterns of food reintroduction.ConclusionsThese Australia and NZ pediatric gastroenterologists felt that EEN plays an important role in the induction of remission in children with newly diagnosed CD. However, the perceived role of EEN use in other types of IBD varied. EEN protocols varied widely between centers. Attitudes toward the roles of EEN have altered greatly across Australasia over the last decade.