bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and evaluation of dedicated low clearance transplant clinics for patients with failing kidney transplants
Authors: Arshad Adam , Jackson‐Spence Francesca , Sharif Adnan 
Published: February 2019

SUMMARYBackgroundRecipients with failing kidney transplants (RFKTs) may receive sub‐optimal care compared with patients with native kidney disease. The aim of this study is to compare the outcomes of RFKTs managed in a dedicated low clearance transplant clinic (LCTC) compared with those attending a general transplant clinic.MethodsWe undertook a retrospective analysis of patients with failing kidney transplants comparing two clinics—a LCTC versus a general transplant clinic. Kidney transplant recipients with an eGFR < 20 ml/min were included. A cross‐sectional analysis was undertaken of all patients with two consecutive follow‐up visits between the dates of January and July 2016 in either clinic, with follow‐up to event or December 2017.ResultsData were analysed for 141 kidney transplant recipients; 60 in the LCTC and 81 in the general transplant clinic. More patients in the LCTC cohort were non‐white and early transplant recipients. A significantly greater proportion of LCTC versus general transplant patients had received documented discussions regarding their hepatitis vaccine status (63.3% vs. 17.3%, p < 0.001), counselled regarding dialysis modality (98.3% vs. 55.6%, p < 0.001) and had documented decision regarding re‐transplantation (80.0% vs. 58.0%, p = 0.006). No difference was noted in the comparison of any clinical or biochemical parameters. More patients seen in the LCTC lost their kidney allograft (HR: 2.09, 95%CI: 1.17–3.72, p = 0.013) but patient survival was equivalent (p = 0.343).ConclusionOur data suggest the management of RFKTs within LCTCs can focus attention on renal replacement therapy planning and counselling, but further work is warranted to investigate for any benefit in hard outcomes such as survival.
Amino acid status in dogs with protein‐losing nephropathy
Authors: Parker Valerie J. , Fascetti Andrea J. , Klamer Brett G. 
Published: February 2019

BackgroundProteinuria in dogs with kidney disease can contribute to protein‐energy wasting and malnutrition. Little is known about amino acid (AA) status in dogs with protein‐losing nephropathy (PLN).ObjectivesThe purpose of our study was to further elucidate AA status in PLN dogs, with the hypothesis that PLN dogs would have altered AA status as compared to healthy dogs.AnimalsThirty client‐owned PLN dogs were compared to 10 healthy control dogs.MethodsProspective observational study. Dogs with PLN that were presented to the teaching hospital were enrolled. Plasma AA profiles were measured using an automated high‐performance liquid chromatography AA analyzer.ResultsCompared to control dogs, PLN dogs had significantly lower concentrations of leucine, threonine, histidine, glycine, proline, asparagine, tyrosine, o‐hydroxyproline, and serine, as well as sums of both essential and nonessential AA (P < .05). Dogs with PLN had significantly lower ratios of tyrosine‐to‐phenylalanine and glycine‐to‐serine (P < .05), and a significantly greater ratio of valine‐to‐glycine (P < .05).Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceDogs with PLN have altered AA status compared to healthy dogs. These findings could have therapeutic implications in determining optimal management of PLN dogs, such as providing AA supplementation along with other standard treatment.
Improving wheat as a source of iron and zinc for global nutrition
Authors: Balk J. , Connorton J. M. , Wan Y. , Lovegrove A. , Moore K. L. , Uauy C. , Sharp P. A. , Shewry P. R. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractWheat is the staple food crop in temperate countries and increasingly consumed in developing countries, displacing traditional foods. However, wheat products are typically low in bioavailable iron and zinc, contributing to deficiencies in these micronutrients in countries where wheat is consumed as a staple food. Two factors contribute to the low contents of bioavailable iron and zinc in wheat: the low concentrations of these minerals in white flour, which is most widely consumed, and the presence of phytates in mineral‐rich bran fractions. Although high zinc types of wheat have been developed by conventional plant breeding (biofortification), this approach has failed for iron. However, studies in wheat and other cereals have shown that transgenic (also known as genetically modified; GM) strategies can be used to increase the contents of iron and zinc in white flour, by converting the starchy endosperm tissue into a ‘sink’ for minerals. Although such strategies currently have low acceptability, greater understanding of the mechanisms which control the transport and deposition of iron and zinc in the developing grain should allow similar effects to be achieved by exploiting naturally induced genetic variation. When combined with conventional biofortification and innovative processing, this approach should provide increased mineral bioavailability in a range of wheat products, from white flour to wholemeal.
Use of non‐adapted quantitative trait loci for increasing Fusarium head blight resistance for breeding semi‐dwarf wheat
Authors: Miedaner Thomas , Herter Cathérine P. , Ebmeyer Erhard , Kollers Sonja , Korzun Viktor 
Published: February 2019

AbstractSemi‐dwarf wheat is an important prerequisite for releasing a successful commercial cultivar in high‐yielding environments. In Northern Europe, this aim is achieved by using one of the dwarfing genes Rht‐B1 (formerly known as Rht‐1) or Rht‐D1 (Rht‐2). Both genes, however, result in a higher susceptibility to Fusarium head blight (FHB). We analysed the possibility to use the two non‐adapted FHB resistance quantitative trait loci Fhb1 and Fhb5 (syn. QFhs.ifa‐5A) to counterbalance the negative effect of the dwarfing allele Rht‐D1b in a winter wheat population of 585 doubled‐haploid (DH) lines segregating for the three loci. All lines were inoculated with Fusarium culmorum at four locations and analysed for FHB severity, plant height, and heading date. The DH population showed a significant (p < 0.001) genotypic variation for FHB severity ranging from 3.6% to 65.9% with a very high entry‐mean heritability of 0.95. The dwarfing allele Rht‐D1b reduced plant height by 24 cm, but nearly doubled the FHB susceptibility (24.74% vs. 12.74%). The resistance alleles of Fhb1 and Fhb5 reduced FHB susceptibility by 6.5 and 11.3 percentage points, respectively. Taken all three loci together, Fhb5 alone was already able to reduce FHB susceptibility to the same extent as Rht‐D1b increased it. This opens new avenues for selecting semi‐dwarf wheat by marker‐assisted introgression of Fhb5 without the enhancement of FHB susceptibility.
Does feedback matter for job search self‐regulation? It depends on feedback quality
Authors: Chawla Nitya , Gabriel Allison S. , da Motta Veiga Serge P. , Slaughter Jerel E. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractJob search represents a dynamic process through which job seekers must consistently engage in effective self‐regulation. Although scholars have increasingly begun to theorize and conceptualize the job search in this manner, little is known about what fosters effective self‐regulation week‐to‐week. In light of this theoretical gap, we integrate self‐regulation theory with the feedback literature to examine how feedback quality influences affective, cognitive, and behavioral regulatory processes in job search. Furthermore, we examine feedback self‐efficacy (i.e., how efficacious a job seeker feels with respect to processing and implementing feedback received during the job search) as a stable, person‐level moderator of these within‐person relationships. In a sample of job seekers surveyed once a week for seven weeks, results indicate that receiving high‐quality feedback has a direct influence on positive and negative affective reactions tied to the job search, influencing subsequent positive (i.e., metacognitive strategies) and negative (i.e., affective rumination) cognitive processes. Metacognitive strategies, in turn, impact both the number of résumés sent and hours spent job seeking each week. Moreover, lower feedback self‐efficacy amplifies the relationship between feedback quality and negative affective reactions. Our results highlight the importance of high‐quality feedback in helping job seekers effectively regulate week‐to‐week.
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in children with sickle cell anemia: The parents’ experience
Authors: Cavadini Raphaël , Drain Elise , Bernaudin Françoise , D'Autume Clémence , Giannica Davide , Giraud François , Baubet Thierry , Taïeb Olivier 
Published: February 2019

AbstractGenoidentical HSCT is currently the only curative treatment for SCA, preventing further vascular complications in high‐risk children. Studies on the psychological implications of HSCT for recipient, sibling donor, and the rest of the family have been limited in SCA. This study enrolled ten families and used semi‐structured interviews to explore the parents' experience at three time points: first before transplantation, then 3 months later, and 1 year later. Three themes emerged from the results: (a) the presence of anxiety, experienced throughout the process, and alleviated by coping strategies (positive thinking, family support, praying); (b) the ability to remain parents to recipient and other family members, despite apprehension and feelings of helplessness, reinforced by the mobilization of important resources at the individual/family levels; (c) the ability to acknowledge the opportunity for their child to be cured of the disease, despite feelings of guilt toward families without a donor, or their own families back home. Overall, the parental experience with HSCT is complex, involving intra‐psychic, familial, cultural, religious, and existential factors. Thus, it is important for medical teams to be cognizant of these issues in order to provide the best support to families during the HSCT process.
Psychotropic medication use trends in a large pediatric and young adult solid organ transplant population
Authors: Samsel Chase , Tapsak Sara , Thomson Katharine , McKenna Kristine , McGregor Kerry , Forbes Peter , Ibeziako Patricia 
Published: February 2019

AbstractIntroductionThis study describes psychotropic medication use in a pediatric and young adult solid organ transplant population.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective review of the lifetime incidence of psychotropic medication use and associated characteristics in patients seen over a 6‐year period at a large pediatric transplant center utilizing univariate and multivariate statistical analyses.ResultsThe lifetime incidence of psychotropic medication use was 36.5% in 393 patients. Transplant psychiatry provided psychopharmacological consultation to 21.9% of patients. Controlling for age and sex, there were significant associations between psychotropic use and thoracic organ disease (heart/lung) (AOR = 2.14; 95% CI: 1.2‐3.8; P = 0.01), White race (P = 0.0002), histories of depressive/mood disorders (AOR = 3.68; 95% CI: 1.8‐7.7; P = 0.0005), attention/learning disorders (AOR = 3.30; 95% CI: 1.6‐6.9; P = 0.001), acute and post‐traumatic stress disorders (AOR = 10.54; 95% CI: 2.6‐42.8; P = 0.001), and experiencing bullying (AOR = 2.16; 95% CI: 1.03‐4.55; P = 0.04). In unadjusted tests, significant associations were found between lifetime psychotropic usage and patient anxiety history (OR = 2.26; 95% CI: 1.5‐3.5; P = 0.0002), end‐of‐life disease progression (OR = 3.04; 95% CI: 1.7‐5.4; P = 0.0002), family psychiatric history (OR = 2.17; 95% CI: 1.4‐3.4; P = 0.0007), and adherence concerns (OR = 2.67; 95% CI: 1.7‐4.1; P < 0.0001).DiscussionThe lifetime incidence of psychotropic medication use among pediatric and young adult transplant patients is substantial. Patients with thoracic organ disease, end‐of‐life illness, individual/family psychiatric histories, trauma, and bullying histories have particularly high rates. Integrating child psychiatry as part of pediatric transplant teams should be an important consideration for the care of these patients.
Japanese Old Stories Cognitive Scale: a screening test to detect cognitive disease and prompt visiting a memory clinic
Authors: Honjo Yasuyuki , Takechi Hajime 
Published: February 2019

BackgroundEarly detection and diagnosis is critical in enhancing treatment outcomes for those with cognitive disease. However, most Japanese patients are averse to visiting mental health clinics or taking cognitive screening examinations. A new simple screening test is needed that is acceptable to patients and encourages them to visit a memory clinic if indicated.MethodsWe developed a brief screening examination, consisting of four common Japanese old stories, for detection of cognitive disease. A total of 311 patients at three outpatient memory clinics completed the screening test, responding to a 10‐question, fill‐in‐the‐blanks assessment. Questions were read aloud to patients with visual impairment, and we transcribed the spoken responses of patients who were physically incapable of writing. The Hasegawa Dementia Scale‐Revised (HDS‐R) and Mini‐Mental State Examination (MMSE) were administered at the same time.ResultsUsing the developed Japanese Old Stories Cognitive Scale (JOSS), we found significant differences between dementia and control or mild cognitive impairment (MCI) groups. The JOSS was less affected by education level than the HDS‐R or MMSE, possibly because Japanese old stories are usually learned from family members during preschool years. The JOSS may be able to detect remote memory disturbance in addition to other cognitive dysfunctions.ConclusionsMost patients with AD, even in advanced stages, are averse to visiting a memory clinic because it can be difficult to accept any resulting diagnosis of cognitive disease. JOSS is a quick and simple screening tool to gather evidence of cognitive dysfunction and prompt a referral to a memory clinic. Patients with cognitive disease found the JOSS acceptable, and its high specificity could be useful in encouraging patients to visit already‐crowded memory clinics for formal diagnosis and intervention.
On the so‐calledAbsentive– inGerman
Authors: Fortmann Christian , Wöllstein Angelika 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThis investigation targets a syntactic phenomenon of German which is commonly referred to as theabsentive construction. The absentive is considered a universal grammatical category denoting absence. Its syntax is characterised by the occurrence of an auxiliary or copula verb accompanied by a non‐finiteVPcontaining a main verb. The expression of absence, predicated over the clausal subject, is assumed to be based on a constructional meaning. Reviewing a wide range of syntactic and interpretive properties of this structure in German, we will demonstrate that certain empirical claims about the construction are not well founded and that its seemingly idiosyncratic properties are indeed available for compositional analyses. We will propose a structural analysis of its core syntactic and interpretive properties: The predication expresses the localisation of the subject at the location of the event, denoted by the infinitival verb. The interpretation of absence, then, can be explained by an implicature.
Transfusion of HIV‐infected blood products despite highly sensitive nucleic acid testing
Authors: Cappy Pierre , Barlet Valérie , Lucas Quentin , Tinard Xavier , Pillonel Josiane , Gross Sylvie , Tiberghien Pierre , Laperche Syria 
Published: February 2019

BACKGROUNDIn France, the risk of HIV transmission by transfusion was reduced by implementing pooled nucleic acid testing (NAT) in 2001 and individual NAT in 2010. We report here the first case in France of transfusion of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)‐infected blood donated during HIV pre–ramp‐up phase that tested individual NAT negative.METHODSBlood donations are screened for HIV antibodies and HIV RNA (ProcleixUltrio, Grifols; limit of detection at 95%, 23 copies/mL). When a repeat donor tests positive for HIV, a repository sample from the previous donation is tested with the Cobas Taqman HIV‐1 test (CTM, Roche; limit of detection at 95%, 17 copies/mL).RESULTSIn August 2017, a 57‐year‐old male repeat donor was screened positive for HIV antibodies and RNA (plasma viral load, 11,599 copies/mL). The previous donation had tested negative with Ultrio in March 2017 but was positive with an unquantifiable plasma viral load when tested with CTM. Sequencing showed no mismatch between Ultrio primers/probes and the target sequence. HIV transmission was excluded by lookback studies in the recipient of platelets, which had been pathogen reduced, but not in the recipient of RBCs due to premature death.CONCLUSIONThis case demonstrates that the risk of contaminated donations due to the early HIV infection phase going undetected by highly sensitive NAT is real but exceptional. The absence of transmission to the platelets recipient could be due to the very low viral inoculum and/or to the efficacy of the viral inactivation. This case also highlights the additional value of a systematic donation archiving and the importance of donor education and predonation selection.
Effect of text messaging on depression in patients with coronary heart disease: a substudy analysis from the TEXT ME randomised controlled trial
Authors: Shariful Islam Sheikh Mohammed , Chow Clara K , Redfern Julie , Kok Cindy , Rådholm Karin , Stepien Sandrine , Rodgers Anthony , Hackett Maree L 
Published: February 2019

ObjectiveWe aimed to evaluate the effects on depression scores of a lifestyle-focused cardiac support programme delivered via mobile phone text messaging among patients with coronary heart disease (CHD).DesignSubstudy and secondary analysis of a parallel-group, single-blind randomised controlled trial of patients with CHD.SettingA tertiary hospital in Sydney, Australia.InterventionThe Tobacco, Exercise and dieT MEssages programme comprised four text messages per week for 6 months that provided education, motivation and support on diet, physical activity, general cardiac education and smoking, if relevant. The programme did not have any specific mental health component.OutcomesDepression scores at 6 months measured using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Treatment effect across subgroups was measured using log-binomial regression model for the binary outcome (depressed/not depressed, where depressed is any score of PHQ-9 ≥5) with treatment, subgroup and treatment by subgroup interaction as fixed effects.ResultsDepression scores at 6 months were lower in the intervention group compared with the control group, mean difference 1.9 (95% CI 1.5 to 2.4, p<0.0001). The frequency of mild or greater depressive symptoms (PHQ-9 scores≥5) at 6 months was 21/333 (6.3%) in the intervention group and 86/350 (24.6%) in the control group (relative risk (RR) 0.26, 95% CI 0.16 to 0.40, p<0.001). This proportional reduction in depressive symptoms was similar across groups defined by age, sex, education, body mass index, physical activity, current smoking, current drinking and history of depression, diabetes and hypertension. In particular, the rates of PHQ-9 ≥5 among people with a history of depression were 4/44 (9.1%) vs 29/62 (46.8%) in intervention vs control (RR 0.19, 95% CI 0.07 to 0.51, p<0.001), and were 17/289 (5.9%) vs 57/288 (19.8%) among others (RR 0.30, 95% CI 0.18 to 0.50, p<0.001).ConclusionsAmong people with CHD, a cardiac support programme delivered via mobile phone text messaging was associated with fewer symptoms of mild-to-moderate depression at 6 months in the treatment group compared with controls.Trial registration numberACTRN12611000161921.
Healthcare providers’ perspectives on use of the national guideline for family planning services in Amhara Region, Ethiopia: a qualitative study
Authors: Tessema Gizachew Assefa , Gomersall Judith Streak , Laurence Caroline O , Mahmood Mohammad Afzal 
Published: February 2019

ObjectiveTo explore healthcare providers’ views on barriers to and facilitators of use of the national family planning (FP) guideline for FP services in Amhara Region, Ethiopia.DesignQualitative study.SettingNine health facilities including two hospitals, five health centres and two health posts in Amhara Region, Northwest Ethiopia.ParticipantsTwenty-one healthcare providers working in the provision of FP services in Amhara Region.Primary and secondary outcome measuresSemistructured interviews were conducted to understand healthcare providers’ views on barriers to and facilitators of the FP guideline use in the selected FP services.ResultsWhile the healthcare providers’ views point to a few facilitators that promote use of the guideline, more barriers were identified. The barriers included: lack of knowledge about the guideline’s existence, purpose and quality, healthcare providers’ personal religious beliefs, reliance on prior knowledge and tradition rather than protocols and guidelines, lack of availability or insufficient access to the guideline and inadequate training on how to use the guideline. Facilitators for the guideline use were ready access to the guideline, convenience and ease of implementation and incentives.ConclusionsWhile development of the guideline is an important initiative by the Ethiopian government for improving quality of care in FP services, continued use of this resource by all healthcare providers requires planning to promote facilitating factors and address barriers to use of the FP guideline. Training that includes a discussion about healthcare providers’ beliefs and traditional practices as well as other factors that reduce guideline use and increasing the sufficient number of guideline copies available at the local level, as well as translation of the guideline into local language are important to support provision of quality care in FP services.