bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
THE RECONSTRUCTION OF THE TEXTS IN ENGLISH BIOLOGY TEXTBOOK ENTITLED ANIMAL TAXONOMY
Authors: Herningtyasari Gadis 
Published: August 2018

This study aims to describe the errors are found in English Biology Textbook entitled Animal Taxonomy. By using Qualitative Descriptive method, this study classifies the errors based on Dulay, Burt, and Karshen (1982) method about Error Analysis, namely Omission, Addition, Misformation, and Misordering. From the results of the study, it was found that some categories of errors in which Omission Error is caused by the missing of items that need to complete the phrases or sentences. Then, addition error in which the addition of unnecessary items in the phrase or sentences. The next is Misformation refers to wrong form of words. The last is Misordering refers to incorrect placement of a morpheme or a group of morpheme. The errors are found in English Biology Textbook entitled Animal Taxonomy are caused by the different rules of grammar such as the construction of adjective and noun phrase, grammatical endings, the use of tenses, and the use of articles between two languages. From this output, it can be seen that Omission and Misordering are the dominant errors in English Biology Textbook entitled Animal Taxonomy. Therefore, it is necessary to reconstruct the text in English Biology Textbook entitled Animal Taxonomy to make it useable. Key words: Errors, English Biology Textbook, qualitative descriptive method.
PENANAMAN NILAI – NILAI NASIONALISME DALAM PENDIDIKAN PONDOK PESENTREN MIFTAHUL ULUM UNGARAN TIMUR KABUPATEN SEMARANG
Authors: Rois Nur 
Published: August 2018

Abstrak Nasionalisme merupakan suatu konsep yang meletakan kesetiaan tertinggi seseorang kepada suatu negara atau dapat pula diartikan bahwa nasionalisme adalah kesadaran akan ketidaksamaan asasi antara penjajah dan si terjajah. Nilai nilai nasionalisme di Indonesia pada dasarnya merupakan perspektif dari nilainilai Pancasila. Penanaman nilai-nilai nasionalisme bersifat menyeluruh bagi semua kalangan masyarakat termasuk instansi-instansi atau lembaga-lembaga yang termasuk di dalamnya. Salah satu lembaga pendidikan nonformal di Indonesia yang diakui eksistensinya oleh pemerintah adalah pondok pesantren. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pemaknaan penanaman nilai-nilai nasionalisme dalam lingkup kehidupan sehari-hari di Pondok Pesantren Miftahul Ulum Susukan Kab. Semarang dibuktikan melalui kegiatan-kegiatan seperti Pengajian Kitab Bandongan, Bahtsul Masa’il, kerja bakti bersama, kegiatan perkoperasian, diskusi bersama, konsultasi, dan kegiatan latihan pramuka yang diikuti oleh santri.Kata Kunci : nasionalisme, nilai-nilai nasionalisme, dan pondok pesantren. AbstractNationalisme is a concept which puts someanes’ highest loyality to a country or can be called that nationalism is a awareness about unbalance basic right behween colonizer and the colonized. The nationalism values in indonesia is a perspective from five princples (Pancasila) values. The implementation of national value is comprehensive for all community elements induding agenaes recoginized by the goverment is pondok pesantren. The result of this study shaws that the meaning of implementation of nationalsm values in daily life in Pondok Pesantren Mifathul Ulum Susukan Ungaran Semaramng proved by activities on discussing religion studies Bandangan (Kitab Bandongan), bahtsul Masa’il, Community service in pondok, cooperatives activity, consultation and baysout activity.Keywords: Nationalism, Nationalism Values and Pondok Pesantren
On the Stellar Velocity Distribution in the Solar Neighborhood in Light of Gaia DR2
Authors: Michtchenko Tatiana A. , Lépine Jacques R. D. , Pérez-Villegas Angeles , Vieira Ronaldo S. S. , Barros Douglas A. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
The aim of this Letter is to contribute to the understanding of the stellar velocity distribution in the solar neighborhood (SN). We propose that the structures on the U–V planes, known as the moving groups, can be mainly explained by the spiral arms perturbations. The applied model of the Galactic disk and spiral arms, with the parameters defined by observational data and with pattern speed Ω
p
= 28.0 km s−1 kpc−1, is the same that allowed us to explain the origin of the Local Arm and the Sun’s orbit trapped inside the corotation resonance (CR). We show that the U–V picture of the SN consists of the main component, associated with the CR, and the inner and outer structures, which we could associate with the Hercules and Sirius streams, respectively. The Coma-Berenices and Hyades–Pleiades groups, and the Sun itself, belong to the main part. The substructures of Hercules are formed mainly by the nearby 8/1, 12/1, and even 6/1 inner Lindblad resonances, while Sirius is shaped by the bulk of overlapping outer Lindblad resonances, −8/1, −12/1, −16/1, which are stuck to the CR. This richness in resonances only exists near corotation, which should be of the spiral arms, not of the Galactic bar, whose stable corotation zone is far away from the Sun. The model’s predictions of the velocity distribution match qualitatively and quantitatively the distribution provided by Gaia data release 2.
Influence social and healthcare support on psychiatric adverse events in MDR-TB patient
Authors: Reviono Reviono , Harsini Harsini , Aphridasari Jatu , Nugroho I Gusti Bagus Indro , Damayanti Kusmadewi Eka 
Published: August 2018

Introduction: Multidrug resistance tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is a continuing threat because the treatment is rather toxic. One of the causes of poor treatment outcome is due to the adverse events, especially the occurrence of psychiatric adverse events.
Methodology: The two cases presented in this paper are MDR-TB patients with psychiatric adverse events related to depression spectrum. The diagnosis of psychiatric adverse events was done by psychiatrist in the referral hospital.
Results: The treatment of MDR-TB and psychiatric adverse event was carried out simultaneously. One of the patients was able to manage the adverse events, but the other was not. The management of psychiatric adverse events need to be performed carefully. Social support of family and friends was received by the successful patient, while the other was not fully supported, thus failed the treatment.
Conclusion: The social support provided by the family and friends are precious for the successful treatment of MDR-TB psychiatric adverse events. The availability of healthcare personnel who is able to recognize the symptoms early is needed in the community healthcare service in order to properly detect and manage the psychiatric adverse events on MDR-TB patients.
Dynamique d’occupation du sol des zones humides urbanisées de Dakar (Sénégal) de 1942 à 2014
Authors: Aimée Diop , Sambou Hyacinthe , Diop Cheikh , Ntiranyibagira Elysée , Dacosta Honoré , Sambou Bienvenu 
Published: August 2018

L’étude est une analyse de la dynamique spatiale de l’occupation du sol des zones humides (Niayes) de Dakar de 1942 à 2014 par l’utilisation d’outils de la géomatique. Nous avons exploité les photographies aériennes des années 1942, 1966 et 1978 et les images satellitaires des années 2003 et 2014 pour une cartographie de l’occupation du sol. Les résultats d’analyse montrent que la grande sécheresse des années 1970 a modifié l’hydrologie des Niayes et entraîné une régression des zones inondables. La surface de ces dernières varie de 35,84 % en 1942 à 5,44 % en 2003. À partir de 2003, l’urbanisation accrue de la zone a réduit progressivement la superficie qui était occupée par les Niayes bien que l’eau ait progressé de 9,25 % en 2014. À cette date, le bâti prédominait à 37,27 % dans la zone au détriment des surfaces nues, de l’eau et surtout de la végétation. La densification du réseau routier constitue le principal facteur de fragmentation des Niayes et la principale porte d’entrée à leur occupation.
Revendications religieuses sur les aires protégées chez les Gourmantché du Burkina Faso
Authors: Kaboré Alexis 
Published: August 2018

Dans leur grande majorité, les aires protégées (forêts classées, parcs nationaux et réserves de faune...), sont d’anciens territoires de communautés installées dans leurs périphéries. Ces populations sont organisées au travers de processus de construction du territoire qui, dans la plupart des cas, comportent une dimension religieuse. Dans les sociétés de l’Afrique subsaharienne, les autels sacrificiels constituent la marque par excellence d’une telle représentation de l’espace. Continuer à offrir aux puissances associées à ces autels des sacrifices est, pour les populations, une obligation. Pour ce faire, il faut se rendre sur l’autel, même lorsqu’il est situé à l’intérieur du domaine classé. L’impossibilité de retourner sur les sites sacrificiels du fait des contraintes de l’aire protégée est un des principaux objets de la contestation opposée par les populations de la périphérie. Comment des sociétés caractérisées par la mobilité des populations résolvent-elles la contradiction entre déplacements (volontaires ou forcés) des hommes et « fixité » des lieux de culte? Chez les Gourmantché, beaucoup d’observateurs font remarquer que le système sacrificiel dispose en lui-même des solutions pour l’accès aux autels que les populations continuent à solliciter : il faut déplacer l’autel, le reproduire ou lui sacrifier à distance. Cependant, le recours à ces alternatives n’est pas toujours possible, comme nous le montrerons. L’objectif de cet article est d’analyser le sens des résistances manifestées par les pratiques de contournement des injonctions administratives et les discours critiques développés par les populations au sujet de l’accès à leurs lieux de culte.
Temporary exports and characteristics of destination countries: first evidence from German transaction data
Authors: Wagner Joachim 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
This paper uses information on all export transactions of goods by German firms with countries outside the European Union from 2009 to 2014 to document for the first time the patterns of export participation at the firm-good-destination level over time and to investigate the link between the duration of export patterns and characteristics of destination countries. It turns out that only 6.5 percent of all combinations were recorded in each year, while more than half of all patterns are only observed once. In line with theoretical hypotheses, the likelihood of permanent trade patterns increases within a firm with proximity and market size of destination countries.
The Impact of Employee Empowerment on the Organizational Commitment
Authors: Zaraket Wael , Garios Robert , Malek Layla Abdel 
Published: August 2018

Organizational commitment has been a topic of extensive interest since 1950 due to its substantial implications on both employees and organizations. Therefore, it is crucial for every company to determine and understand the aspects which boost the commitment of its employees thus leading to achieve its objectives and optimize the human capital. Hence, the purpose of this research was to analyze the impact of core components of employee empowerment on the organizational commitment in the Lebanese Banking sector.This research adopted the principles of positivism where the researcher was independent from the study. Since the study was already grounded from an existing theoretical framework with the purpose of testing hypotheses, the deductive approach was followed. After studying the existing literature related to the subject, the researcher conducted a quantitative study. The data was distributed and collected from 123 employees working in the Lebanese Banking sector using a self-administered questionnaire. The aim of this questionnaire was to explore the influence of job autonomy, motivation, training and compensation on organizational commitment.The hypotheses which were proposed to be tested during the research were verified. The results reflected a positive relation between the components of employee empowerment and organizational commitment. This was in alignment with the other business sectors in Lebanon and in similar banking sector in the region and the West. Accordingly, the banks should consider employee empowerment as one of the factors in promoting organizational commitment. Consequently, this leads to employees’ organizational retention in the Lebanese Banking sector.
L’humour : de l’oubli de notre fragilité commune à l’éthique
Authors: Cotte Jérôme 
Published: August 2018

L’humour peut avoir une multitude de fonctions et de définitions. Il provoque aussi des rires ou des sourires de toutes sortes. Dans cet article, l’auteur rend compte non pas de l’humour et du rire, mais plutôt de deux tendances précises qu’ils peuvent prendre. D’abord, le rire bête est celui qui favorise l’oubli de notre finitude, de notre fragilité, de la mort. En donnant l’impression frauduleuse de triompher sur la misère, il célèbre plutôt la vie mutilée et participe au renforcement de l’harmonie illusoire de la société. Pourtant, le rire peut aussi faire de la souffrance, de la mort et des situations pénibles une force émancipatrice. Cette deuxième approche est associée à ce que nous appelons « l’humour éthique ».
Voxel‐based meta‐analysis of gray and white matter volume abnormalities in spinocerebellar ataxia type 2
Authors: Han Qing , Yang Jing , Xiong Hai , Shang Huifang 
Published: August 2018

AbstractObjectiveTo identify the consistent findings from the whole‐brain voxel‐based morphometry (VBM) studies on spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 (SCA2).MethodsThe whole‐brain VBM studies comparing SCA2 patients and healthy controls (HCs) were systematically searched in PubMed, Embase databases from January 2000 to June 2017. The coordinates with significant differences in gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM) between SCA2 patients and HCs were extracted separately from each cluster. A meta‐analysis was performed using anisotropic effect size‐based signed differential mapping (AES‐SDM) software.ResultsA total of five studies with 65 SCA2 patients and 124 HCs were included in the GM meta‐analysis. Four of the five studies with 50 SCA2 patients and 109 HCs were included in the WM meta‐analysis. Significant and consistent GM volume reductions were detected in bilateral cerebellar hemispheres, cerebellar vermis, the right fusiform gyrus, the right parahippocampal gyrus, and the right lingual gyrus. The WM volume reductions were observed in bilateral cerebellar hemispheres, cerebellar vermis, middle cerebellar peduncles, pons, and bilateral cortico‐spinal projections. The findings of the study remained largely unchanged in jackknife sensitivity analysis.ConclusionsThe consistent findings from our meta‐analysis showed that GM volume reductions in SCA2 patients were not limited in cerebellum while significant WM volume reductions widely existed in cerebellum and pyramidal system. The findings provide morphological basis for further studies on SCA2.
Distribution of Eg5 and TPX2 in mitosis: Insight from CRISPR tagged cells
Authors: Mann B. J. , Wadsworth P. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe mitotic spindle is a dynamic bipolar structure that mediates chromosome segregation in mitosis. In most organisms, spindle formation requires the action of kinesin‐5 motor proteins that generate outward force on antiparallel microtubules to establish spindle bipolarity. Previous work has shown that Eg5 and TPX2, a spindle microtubule‐associated protein that suppresses Eg5 motor activity, are enriched on parallel microtubules near spindle poles. This distribution is inconsistent with the requirement for Eg5‐dependent force production during mitosis. To investigate this, we used CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing to tag Eg5 and TPX2 with EGFP and quantify protein distribution throughout mitosis. The results show that at metaphase both Eg5–EGFP and TPX2–EGFP are enriched toward spindle poles, but only TPX2–EGFP is enriched relative to microtubules. Eg5–EGFP and TPX2–EGFP show distinct localization patterns in anaphase, with Eg5–EGFP relocalizing to the midzone earlier than TPX2–EGFP. Analysis of spindles oriented at 90° to the coverslip confirmed that Eg5–EGFP was present on bridge microtubules in metaphase and anaphase; in contrast, TPX2 was not enriched, or enriched at later times, on these microtubules. Overall, TPX2 was present at 3.6X the level of Eg5 on the spindle and Eg5 was locally enriched at the prophase centrosome (~7×) compared to the whole cell. Our results show that using cells with fluorescent tags at the endogenous locus can provide novel insight into protein distribution during mitosis.
Exceptional Catalytic Activities and Sensing Performance of Palladium Decorated Anisotropic Gold Nanoparticles
Authors: Chawla Mohit , Kumari Anu , Siril Prem Felix 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe present perspective explores the effect of composition and morphology on the catalytic and surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) sensing applications of anisotropic bimetallic gold‐palladium (Au−Pd) nanoparticles. The morphology of the nanoparticles was controlled by a ‘soft’ templating approach by using a hexagonal lyotropic liquid crystalline phase. The mesophases comprised of toluene‐swollen surfactant cylinders, doped with the gold (Au) and palladium (Pd) precursors, stabilized by a monolayer of surfactant and co‐surfactant molecules, arranged in a hexagonal lattice in water as continuous medium. Anisotropic nanostructures of Au having very small Pd nanoparticles deposited on their surface were produced when hexagonal mesophases containing Au and Pd precursors were subjected to gamma irradiation. The synthesized nanomaterials were thoroughly characterized using X‐ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X‐ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS). These nanomaterials showed exceptionally high catalytic activities for the reduction of 4‐nitrophenol with the normalized rate constant of the bimetallic Au−Pd catalyst being 1.5 times higher than the best catalyst that is reported in the literature. These bimetallic Au−Pd nanostructures also demonstrated very good enhancement for Raman signals of methylene blue by demonstrating an enhancement factor of the order of 106 and a detection limit as low as 0.1 nM.
Effect of Annealing Treatment on Electrocatalytic Properties of Copper Electrodes toward Enhanced CO2 Reduction
Authors: Lopes Osmando F. , Varela Hamilton 
Published: August 2018

AbstractCO2 reduction (CO2RR) into added‐value chemicals is a key contribution to solve energetic and environmental issues. The performance of Cu‐based electrodes towards CO2RR is strongly affected by pretreatments and presence of impurities, such as copper oxides. We evaluated the effect of different treatments, electropolishing (Cu‐p), and annealing treatments under oxidizing (Cu‐Air) and reducing (Cu‐H2) conditions, on the performance of Cu electrodes designed for CO2RR. Characterizations revealed the presence of Cu2O and CuO layers on the surface of the Cu‐Air electrode. All electrodes formed only HCOO− ions as liquid‐phase products, with yield of 480 mg L−1 of HCOO− and Faradaic efficiency (FE) of 30% for the Cu‐Air electrode and 25 mg L−1 with FE of 16%, and 26 mg L−1 with FE of 10% for the Cu‐p and Cu‐H2 electrodes, respectively. Overall, the HCOO− concentration increased with an increasing KHCO3 concentration, while the FE increased up to 46%, due to insertion of CO2 into the electrical double layer, generating an intermediate specie prior to the electrochemical CO2RR. CO2RR tests performed on the Cu‐Air and Cu‐p electrodes under galvanostatic conditions showed HCOO− FE of 32% and 16%, respectively. Therefore, the increasing local pH mechanism does not play a key role in the liquid‐phase products of CO2RR. The activity of the Cu‐Air electrode for CO2RR remained stable over 64 hours. It was proposed that Cu1+ was the active site responsible for CO2RR. CO, C2H4, C2H6 and H2 were formed by gas‐phase electrochemical CO2RR using the Cu‐Air electrode, with total FE higher than 65%. We have uncovered the role played by the type of pre‐treatment in the performance of Cu‐based electrodes on CO2RR and the reason for the increased electrocatalytic activity of oxidized Cu electrodes.
Quantum fluctuation and dissipation in holographic theories: A unifying study scheme
Authors: Giataganas Dimitrios , Lee Da-Shin , Yeh Chen-Pin 
Published: August 2018

Abstract

Motivated by the wide range of applicability of the fluctuation and dissipation phenomena in non-equilibrium systems, we provide a universal study scheme for the dissipation of the energy and the corresponding Brownian motion analysis of massive particles due to quantum and thermal fluctuations in a wide class of strongly coupled quantum field theories. The underlying reason for the existence of such unified study scheme, is that our analytic methods turn out to heavily depend on the order of the Bessel functions ν, describing the string fluctuations attached to the particle. Different values of the order are associated to different theories.
The two-point function of the fluctuations exhibits two different late time behaviors, depending purely on the value of the order of Bessel functions. We then find that the coefficients and observables associated with the stochastic motion at zero and finite temperature, depend on the scales of the theory through powers of the order ν. Moreover, the fluctuation-dissipation theorem is verified from the bulk perspective to be universally satisfied for the whole class of theories. Finally, we show that the analysis of certain types of Dp-brane fluctuations can be mapped one-to-one to the string fluctuations and therefore the stochastic brane observables can be read from the string ones. In the closing remarks we demonstrate how our analysis accommodates known results as special cases and provide more applications.
Spatial and Temporal Variability of pCO2, Carbon Fluxes, and Saturation State on the West Florida Shelf
Authors: Robbins L. L. , Daly K. L. , Barbero L. , Wanninkhof R. , He R. , Zong H. , Lisle J. T. , Cai W.‐J. , Smith C. G. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe West Florida Shelf (WFS) is a source of uncertainty for the Gulf of Mexico carbon budget. Data from the synthesis of approximately 135,000 pCO2 values from 97 cruises from the WFS show that the shelf waters fluctuate between being a weak source to a weak sink of carbon. Overall, the shelf acts as a weak source of CO2 at 0.32 ± 1.5 mol m−2 yr−1. Subregions, however, reveal slightly different trends, where surface waters associated with 40–200‐m isobath in the northern and southern WFS are generally weak sinks all year, except for summer when they act as sources of CO2. Conversely, nearshore waters (<40 m) are a source of CO2, particularly the southern shallow waters, which are a source all year round. The pCO2 of seawater has been increasing at a rate of approximately 4.37 μatm/year as compared to atmospheric pCO2 which has increased at a rate of about 1.7 μatm per year from 1996 to 2016. The annual CO2 flux has increased from −0.78 to 0.92 mol m−2 yr−1 on the shelf from 1996–2016. The WFS is emitting 9.23 Tg C/year, with the southern nearshore region emitting the most at 9.01 Tg C/year and the northern region acting as a sink of −1.96 Tg C/year. Aragonite saturation state on the WFS shows seasonal and geographic trends with values ranging from 2 to 5. Lowest values are found in winter associated with subregion <40‐m isobath.