bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PREGNANCY LOSS IN WOMEN WITH HIV IS NOT ASSOCIATED WITH HIV MARKERS: DATA FROM A NATIONAL STUDY IN ITALY, 2001-2018
Authors: Floridia Marco , Masuelli Giulia , Tassis Beatrice , Tamburrini Enrica , Savasi Valeria , Sansone Matilde , Spinillo Arsenio , Liuzzi Giuseppina , Degli Antoni Anna , Dalzero Serena , Franceschetti Laura , Simonazzi Giuliana , Maso Gianpaolo , Francisci Daniela , Pinnetti Carmela , Ravizza Marina 
Published: August 2019

Background: There is limited information on pregnancy loss in women with HIV, and it is still debate whether HIV-related markers may play a role.
Objectives: To explore potential risk factors for pregnancy loss in women with HIV, with particular reference to modifiable risk factors and markers of HIV disease.
Methods: Multicenter observational study of HIV-positive pregnant women. The main outcome measure was pregnancy loss, including both miscarriage (<22 weeks) and stillbirth (≥22 weeks). Possible associations of pregnancy loss were evaluated in univariate and multivariate analyses.
Results: Among 2696 eligible pregnancies reported between 2001 and 2018, 226 (8.4%) ended in pregnancy loss (miscarriage 198, 7.3%; stillbirth 28, 1.0%). In multivariate analyses, only older age (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] per additional year of age: 1.079, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.046.1.113), HIV diagnosis before pregnancy (AOR: 2.533, 95%CI 1.407-4.561) and history of pregnancy loss (AOR: 1.625, 95%CI 1.178-2.243) were significantly associated with pregnancy loss. No significant association with pregnancy loss was found for parity, coinfections, sexually transmitted diseases, hypertension, smoking, alcohol and substance use, CD4 cell count, HIV-RNA viral load and CDC HIV stage.
Conclusions: Older women and those with a previous history of pregnancy loss should be considered at higher risk of pregnancy loss. The severity of HIV disease and potentially modifiable risk factors apparently did not increase the risk of pregnancy loss.
PLATELET TO LYMPHOCYTE RATIO IN NEONATES: A PREDICTOR OF EARLY ONSET NEONATAL SEPSIS
Authors: Karabulut Birol , Arcagok Baran Cengiz 
Published: August 2019

Introduction
Neonatal sepsis (NS) is a common systemic disease that causes morbidity and mortality in newborns. But there is no ideal biomarker that can be used in the early diagnosis of NS. In recent studies, platelet width to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) have been reported to play a critical role in the inflammatory process. In this study, we aimed to contribute to the research about whether or not PLR can be used in the early diagnosis of NS.
Methods
This retrospective cohort study was conducted among the newborns whose born in İzmir Buca Maternity and Pediatric Hospital between March 2015-February 2016. During these twelve months, 611 neonates with EOS were admitted to our neonatal intensive care unit. One hundred and forty-nine neonates with suspected EOS, 67 neonates with proven EOS and 92 healty neonates were enrolled in the study.
Results
Platelet width lymphocyte (LPR) values of the groups were calculated 56.5 ± 17.8 vs 62.4± 14.9 vs 15.3 ± 2.1 respectively. PLR values of suspected or proven EOS group was significantly higher than the control group. PLR has AUC 0.89 to 0.93, cutoff value of 39.5 to 57.7, sensitivity of 88.9% to 91.3% and specifity of 94.7% to 97.6%, positive predictive value of 94.3% to 97.4%, and negative predictive value of 88.6% to 91.8% in suspected and proven sepsis diagnosis.
Conclusion
Based on our results suggest that PLR can be used as a biomarker predictive of EOS.
AGING WITH HEMOPHILIA: THE CHALLENGE OF APPROPRIATE DRUG PRESCRIPTION
Authors: Mannucci Pier Mannuccio 
Published: August 2019

In high-income countries persons with severe hemophilia (PWH) A and B are aging, like their age-matched peers without hemophilia from the general population. Aging is associated not only with the comorbidities stemming from their inherited bleeding disorder (arthropathy, chronic viral infections such as hepatitis and AIDS) but also with the multiple chronic ailments associated with aging (cancer, cardiovascular disease, COPD). Multimorbidity is inevitably associated with polypharmacy, i.e., the chronic daily intake of at least five drugs, and with the related risk of severe adverse events associated with the use of inappropriate drugs and drug-drug interactions. Information on the pattern of drug prescription and usage by PWH is relatively scanty, but on the whole, the available data indicate that the rate of polypharmacy, as well as the risk of drug-drug interaction, is relatively low in PWH and better than that in their age peers without hemophilia followed by general practitioners. It is believed that this advantage results from the collaborative coordination on drug prescribing exerted, through their integration with practitioners and organ specialists, by specialized hemophilia treatment centers in the frame of comprehensive care programs. However, the available cross-sectional data were mainly obtained in relatively young PWH, so that there is a need to obtain more accurate data from the ongoing prospective studies that are being carried out in more and more progressively aging PWH.

Keywords: Hemophilia; Aging; Comorbidity; Drugs Interaction.
The Genus of a Random Bipartite Graph
Authors: Jing Yifan , Mohar Bojan 
Published: August 2019

AbstractArchdeacon and Grable (1995) proved that the genus of the random graph$G\in {\mathcal{G}}_{n,p}$is almost surely close to$pn^{2}/12$if$p=p(n)\geqslant 3(\ln n)^{2}n^{-1/2}$. In this paper we prove an analogous result for random bipartite graphs in${\mathcal{G}}_{n_{1},n_{2},p}$. If$n_{1}\geqslant n_{2}\gg 1$, phase transitions occur for every positive integer$i$when$p=\unicode[STIX]{x1D6E9}((n_{1}n_{2})^{-i/(2i+1)})$. A different behaviour is exhibited when one of the bipartite parts has constant size,i.e.,$n_{1}\gg 1$and$n_{2}$is a constant. In that case, phase transitions occur when$p=\unicode[STIX]{x1D6E9}(n_{1}^{-1/2})$and when$p=\unicode[STIX]{x1D6E9}(n_{1}^{-1/3})$.
Applying a Commercialization-Readiness Framework to Optimize Value for Achieving
Sustainability of an Electronic Health Data Research Network and Its Data Capabilities:
The SAFTINet Experience
Authors: Morrato Elaine H. , Hamer Mika K. , Sills Marion , Kwan Bethany , Schilling Lisa M. 
Published: August 2019

Context: Sustaining electronic health data networks and maximizing return on
federal investment in their development is essential for achieving national data insight
goals for transforming health care. However, crossing the business model chasm from
grant funding to self-sustaining viability is challenging.Case description: This paper
presents lessons learned in seeking the sustainability of the Scalable Architecture for
Federated Translational Inquiries Network (SAFTINet), and electronic health data network
involving over 50 primary care practices in three states. SAFTINet was developed with
funding from the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality to create a multi-state
network for comparative effectiveness research (CER) involving safety-net
patients.Methods: Three analyses were performed: (1) a product gap analysis of
alternative data sources; (2) a Strengths-Weaknesses-Opportunities-Threat (SWOT)
analysis of SAFTINet in the context of competing alternatives; and (3) a customer
discovery process involving approximately 150 SAFTINet stakeholders to identify
SAFTINet’s sustaining value proposition for health services researchers, clinical data
partners, and policy makers.Findings: The results of this business model analysis
informed SAFTINet’s sustainability strategy. The fundamental high-level product needs
were similar between the three primary customer segments: credible data, efficient and
easy to use, and relevance to their daily work or ‘jobs to be done’. However, how these
benefits needed to be minimally demonstrated varied by customer such that different
supporting evidence was required.Major Themes: The SAFTINet experience illustrates that
commercialization-readiness and business model methods can be used to identify
multi-sided value propositions for sustaining electronic health data networks and their
data capabilities as drivers of health care transformation.
Analysis of cytological stability of interspecific hybrids F1-F2 Triticum spelta × Triticum aestivum
Authors: Lyalko I. I. , Dubrovna O. V. , Sichkar S. M. 
Published: August 2019

Aim. Cytological analysis of the stability of interspecific hybrids of wheat Triticum spelta L. x Triticum aestivum L. Methods. By the method of temporal squashed preparations has been analyzed ploidy level, the frequency of structural chromosome aberrations and abnormalities mitosis in root meristem cells of seedlings. Results. It was revealed that the F1 hybrids have significantly greater number of cells with impaired mitosis compared to the initial parental components. The vast majority of violations of the hybrids was represented by chromosomal aberrations. It is shown that the second-generation simple and bekrossing hybrids are characterized by a certain stabilization of hybrid genomes, which manifests significant reduction in the number of abnormal mitosis. Conclusions. In interspecific hybridization spelled and soft wheat were found that when the maternal component served as spelled and his father - soft wheat total the overall frequency of mitotic abnormalities was less than in the reciprocal crosses, which may be indicative of maternal cytoplasm effect.
Keywords: Triticum spelta L., T. aestivum L., hybrids, cytological analysis
Content of phenolic compounds in Acorus calamus L. tissue culture and nutrient culture medium under in vitro conditions
Authors: Revutska A. Z. , Belava V. N. , Golubenko A. V. , Taran N. Yu. 
Published: August 2019

Aim. To find out the biochemical peculiarities of Acorus calamus L of the two genotypes, acquired from different populations, an analysis of phenolic compounds in explant tissues and in nutrient medium in vitro was conducted. Methods. Plants, acquired by microclonal multiplication were studied. To detect general phenol content, Folin–Ciocalteu reagent was used, for flavonoid content - zirconium chloride crystallohydrate nitrate (IV). Xanthone content was identified by Vysochina G.I. and Kukushkina T.A. methods with our own modifications. The extracts were studied using spectrophotometric measurements. Results. Tissues of A. calamus and the nutrient medium contained different amount of phenolic compounds, depending on parent plant origin and in vitro cultivation duration. Conclusions. Since the explants were cultivated in identical conditions, the difference of phenolic compound content both in tissues and nutrient medium indicates genetic variability of A. calamus plants on population level.
Key words. Acorus calamus, culture in vitro, phenols, flavonoids, xanthones.
The Diameter and Length Properties of Single Posterior Dental Implants: A Retrospective Study
Authors: DEMİRKOL Nermin , DEMİRKOL Mehmet 
Published: August 2019

Objectives: The aim of this study was to
evaluate the length and diameter properties of single dental implants that
posteriorly placed on the mandible and maxilla.

Materials and Methods: Two hundred ninety three
posterior single dental implants were
evaluated in this retrospective study by same surgical procedure from 2010 to 2016
years. Demographics of patients, anatomic localizations, implant
characteristics (length and diameter), satisfaction of the patient and implant
loss were recorded. Implants that placed only single in posterior defect site
(premolar or molar) with limited by a natural tooth or a prosthetic restored
tooth on the either side of edentulous region were included. Visual analogue scale (VAS) was used
for the satisfaction of the patients. The descriptive statistical analysis
were done.

Results: A
total of 275 patients with 293 dental implants (139 male and 136 female),
ranging from 18 to 72 years (42.13 mean years) were analyzed. The majority of the dental implants were
inserted mandible (156, 53.3%), 137 in maxilla (137, 46.7%). The first molar
region was the most implantation area, inserting with 181 (61.9%) implants, of
which 115 (39.3%) were in mandible, 66 (22.6%) in maxilla. The most frequent
implant diameter placed was the 4 mm (54, 18.4%) and 12 mm (94, 32%) was the
most frequent used implant length. Nine implants were failed and all success
rate was found to be 97%.

Conclusion: According
to these results, single dental
implants in the posterior region can be used safely with high success
rates.
L’art des (petites) différences
Authors: Criton Pascale , Kanach Sharon 
Published: August 2019

Dans cet entretien, la compositrice française Pascale Criton retrace les grandes lignes qui sous-tendent son écriture et sa pensée musicales. Passionnée par le continuum sonore, ses rencontres avec Ivan Wyschnegradsky, Gérard Grisey – mais aussi avec le philosophe Gilles Deleuze – dans le courant des années 1970, confirment son intérêt pour les micro-intervalles et la variabilité du son. La compositrice livre les enjeux qui mobilisent son attention au fil des oeuvres qui jalonnent son parcours, des années 1980 à aujourd’hui. L’idée d’interaction écosensible émerge avec l’emploi de scordaturas en 1/4, 1/12e et 1/16e de ton associées à la synthèse du son (Thymes, 1988), ou en référence à des comportements acoustiques (Artefact, 2001) qui renouvellent l’écriture du geste (Objectiles, 2002). Pascale Criton interroge aussi bien les techniques instrumentales que la notation et l’interprétation (Circle Process, 2012). Son utilisation des petites différences vise l’élargissement de la perception et s’étend aujourd’hui à une écoute sensible aux phénomènes acoustiques et perceptifs (Wander Steps, 2018).
Playing with Shadows: Reinjection Loops and Historical Allusion in Georg Friedrich Haas’s Live Electronic Music
Authors: Morrison Landon 
Published: August 2019

Recent scholarship suggests that the music of Austrian composer Georg Friedrich Haas can be understood as a dramatic confrontation between “clashing harmonic systems” (Hasegawa, 2015). Building on this observation, the present article focuses on Haas’s recent endeavors in the genre of live electronic music, showing how the composer deploys a relatively straightforward technical procedure—the reinjection loop,orthe delayed playback of recorded sound at various speeds—to juxtapose different modes of pitch organization, including twelve-tone equal temperament, ultrachromatic microtonality, and just intonation. After surveying the composer’s relationship to these historical idioms, the article presents detailed analyses of two pieces (Ein Schattenspieland String Quartet No. 4) to illustrate how the reinjection loop operates at multiple registers simultaneously, bringing the performers into contact with their immediate past, while also bringing Haas into dialogue with the shadows of his own compositional predecessors.
Structural Neural Correlates of Impaired Postural Control in People with Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Arpan Ishu , Fling Brett , Powers Katherine , Horak Fay B. , Spain Rebecca I. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Background:
Secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS) is characterized by worsening of postural control and brain atrophy. However, little is known about postural deficits and their neuroanatomical correlates in this population. We aimed to determine the neuroanatomical correlates of postural deficits in people with SPMS and whether posture control deteriorates concomitantly with the brain and spinal cord atrophy in 2 years in SPMS.

Methods:
This study is a post hoc analysis of data from 27 people with SPMS (mean ± SE age, 58.6 ± 1.1 years). Participants had magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain and cervical spinal cord followed by sway testing using inertial sensors during standing with eyes open (EO) and eyes closed without (EC) and with (ECC) a cognitive task. Partial correlations investigated relationships between postural control and MRI measures at baseline and 2 years.

Results:
At baseline, sway measures were inversely related to cortical thickness and cord cross-sectional area (CSA) during the EO task but only to cord CSA with EC (P &lt; .05). After 2 years, the percentage change in sway amplitude and dispersion during EO tasks significantly related to the percentage decline in cord CSA (P &lt; .01).

Conclusions:
Cortical and spinal cord inputs are essential for regulation of postural control during standing with EO in SPMS. Without visual input, people with SPMS preferentially rely on somatosensory inputs from the spinal cord for maintaining postural control. Postural deficits related to cord atrophy over 2 years, suggesting that postural control may be a surrogate marker of disease progression in people with SPMS.
Zinc Accumulation in Amaranthus caudatus and Corchorus olitorius: Relevance for Phytoextraction
Authors: Ogbenna C. V. , Yahaya A. G. , Nathaniel F. 
Published: August 2019

Aim: In a pot experiment the accumulation of zinc in Amaranthus caudatus and Corchorus olitorius from contaminated soil and its relevance for phytoextraction were studied.
Study Design: Plants were exposed to three levels of zinc concentration as zinc sulphate heptahydrate (0,150, 300, 450 ppm), laid in completely randomized design.
Place and Duration of Study: The study lasted for a total of 37 days in a housing facility used for phytoplankton culture at National Institute for Freshwater Fisheries Technology New-Bussa Nigeria.
Materials and Methods: Seeds were raised in a nursery for 16 days, and transplanted to pots containing each 2 kg of air-dried and sieved soil. Zinc was artificially applied to soil for each vegetable. They were watered at 60-70 % field capacity and growth parameters measured every 7 days. Plants were carefully uprooted after 3 weeks of transplanting, washed, and weighed before and after oven drying. They were analyzed for zinc concentration.
Results: Results of this study showed decreases in growth and yield at 300 and 450 ppm zinc concentrations. Plant height for both vegetables increased at 150 ppm however these increases were significantly different (P≤0.05) with control for Corchorus only. There were also significant differences (P≤0.05) between treatments in zinc accumulation. Results further showed that zinc was accumulated in the leaves more than the roots. Concentrations of zinc in plant tissues of both vegetables followed a similar order of leaves > roots > stem indicating their efficiency in zinc translocation from roots to leaves. Translocation factors were generally greater than unity.
Conclusion: Despite their lack of hyperaccumulation properties, both vegetables exhibited good potential for phytoextraction. The higher translocation factor of C. olitorius indicated better phytoextraction potential.
Taxonomical Investigation on Some Species of Genus Allium Based on the Pollen Morphology
Authors: Heidarian Mehdi , Hamdi Seyed Mohammad Mehdi , Dehshiri Mohammad Mehdi , Nejadsattari Taher , Masoumi Seyed Mohammad 
Published: August 2019

Aims: The aim of this research was to investigate the morphological characteristics of the pollen grain of some species of genus Allium.
Methodology: The pollen grains were examined by using Light Microscopy (LM), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and the pollen grains of one species under Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM).
Results: The pollen grains were oblate and medium in shape and size. The pollen ornamentation of exine surface, exine ornamentation on sulcus edge, lumina number in the exine surface and the state of pollen grain apex in the examined species were different. Semitectate and columellate ectexine with discontinuous endexine were seen in the pollen wall structure (sporoderm). The dendrogram obtained from the pollen characters in SEM observations by using the numerical taxonomy system (NTSYS) software placed the studied species in two types.
Conclusion: Our palynological dendrogram can be used for segregation the sections and subgenera taxonomical levels in the studied species of genus Allium and confirmed the phylogram of the recent phylogenetic research.
Prevention of Health Care‐Associated Infections
Authors: Sullivan Kaede V. , Pfaller Michael A. , Diekema Daniel J. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This chapter discusses the impact of health care‐associated infections (HAIs) on patient outcomes and health care costs and the organization of the hospital infection prevention program (IPP) and describes the important role that the clinical microbiology laboratory (CML) plays in HAI prevention. An HAI is an infection that is acquired in a hospital or health care facility. The incidence of HAIs involving staphylococci and enterococci increased as these organisms became increasingly resistant to antibiotics. The responsibilities of the hospital IPP include surveillance and prevention of HAIs, continuing education of medical staff, outbreak control, protection of employees and visitors from infection, and providing advice on introduction of new products and procedures. The development and application of new technologies in the CML can greatly enhance infection prevention efforts. Close collaboration between CML and personnel from infection prevention and antimicrobial stewardship programs is required to ensure optimal HAI prevention, which saves money and lives.
Streptococcus
Authors: J. Adam Heather , Tyrrell Gregory , Martin Irene 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

This chapter focuses on well‐known and novel streptococcal species found in human specimens and covers changes that were applied to the taxonomy of streptococci in recent years. Streptococci can cause infections in humans and in many animal species, including mammals and fish. Transmission of streptococcal infections occurs by various routes. Pathogenic species such as
S. pyogenes
and
S.pneumoniae
, which colonize the upper respiratory tract, are primarily transmitted through direct contact or droplets.
S. agalactiae
transmission from mother to child can occur during birth and within the first seven days of life. Human beta‐hemolytic group C and group G streptococci are defined as
S. dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis
, while group C and L streptococcal animal isolates are classified as
S. dysgalactiae subsp. dysgalactiae
.
S. mutans
and
S. sobrinus
belong to the S. mutans group.
Listeria
and
Erysipelothrix
Authors: Smith Kenneth P. , Harris Rebecca M. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Listeria
and
Erysipelothrix
are genera of small, non‐sporeforming, Gram‐positive bacilli that include the opportunistic human pathogens
Listeria monocytogenes
and
Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae
. The clinical presentation of an individual exposed to
Listeria
varies from asymptomatic to mild gastroenteritis to life‐threatening illness, depending on a combination of factors that include bacterial virulence, inoculum size, and underlying host defenses. Isolation of
Listeria
can be achieved from clinical specimens from normally sterile sites, including blood and cerebrospinal fluid. Typing of
Erysipelothrix
is used for the analysis of outbreaks in farmed animals and other epidemiologic purposes but has little clinical relevance in humans. Historically, strain typing was performed by serologic testing based on somatic and flagellar antigens. Due to the lack of resistant strains, breakpoints exist for susceptible results only.