bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of early highly active antiretroviral therapy on viral suppression among newly diagnosed men who have sex with men living with human immunodeficiency virus in Xi'an, China
Authors: Wei Xiaoli , Zhang Yajuan , Santella Anthony J. , Wang Lirong , Zhuang Guihua , Li Siwen , Zhang Hailan 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe number of men who have sex with men (MSM) living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in China has increased rapidly and thus immediate highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) after diagnosis was implemented as a strategy to reduce the HIV transmission.MethodsMSM who were diagnosed with HIV and received HAART between 2013 to 2015 in Xi’an were divided into three groups (>350, 200‐350, and <200 cell/μL) according to their baseline CD4+ T cell count. The time of follow‐up was calculated from the first date of receiving HAART to December 31, 2016. The CD4+ T cell count was detected with 1 week before or after HAART. The plasma viral loads were tested after 1, 2, and 3 years of treatment.ResultsOf 1442 subjects who received HAART, 690 (47.9%) cases were in >350 cell/μL group, whereas 400 (27.7%) cases and 352 (24.4%) cases were in the 200‐350 cell/μL group and <200 cell/μL group, respectively. After 1 year of treatment, the viral suppression rate in the <200 cell/μL group was 91.1%, which was significantly lower than the other two groups. The logistic regression results show that the >350 cell/μL group and 200‐350 cell/μL group predicted higher viral suppression rates.ConclusionsBaseline CD4+ T cell count more than 350 cell/μL can improve viral suppression among MSM living with HIV. Furthermore, to reduce the transmission risk, the treatment compliance of people living with HIV with high CD4+ T cell levels should be improved, and their diagnosis to the treatment time should be decreased.
Barriers to thyroid cancer screening with ultrasound in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis
Authors: Nagy Celeste , Kelly Zachary , Keilin Steven , Willingham Field , Chen Amy 
Published: March 2019

Objectives/HypothesisTo identify barriers to care in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) that have not undergone ultrasound for thyroid cancer (TC) screening.Study DesignCase series and survey.MethodsA study was conducted examining referral patterns for thyroid ultrasound (TUS) in FAP patients for TC screening. Patients with FAP seen at our institution were identified using International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision and Tenth Revision codes. Chart review was performed for TUS and the results were recorded. Patients and healthcare providers were surveyed to determine barriers to TUS and opportunities for improvement.ResultsThirteen out of 35 patients surveyed (37%) were told by a healthcare provider that TUS was recommended for TC screening. The incidence for TC in FAP patients ranges from 15 to 12%, whereas the general population risk is 0.02% to 1%. In our series, one patient of 12 (8%) had TC. Barriers to care included poor patient education about the risk of TC in FAP and miscommunication among specialties for referral for TUS. Also, patients enrolled in a FAP registry have improved care, as they are more likely to undergo TUS than those not enrolled.ConclusionsFAP patients are at a higher risk of developing TC. Therefore, it is important for these patients to be informed and follow the recommended guideline to get a baseline TUS for screening as well as receive better patient education about the risk of TC and improved communication among specialties. Additionally, patients enrolled in a FAP registry are more likely to undergo ultrasound for TC screening, so there needs to be more centralized coordination for the multidisciplinary care of this disease.Level of EvidenceNALaryngoscope, 129:2436–2441, 2019
Oncologic outcomes after surgery for locally aggressive basal cell carcinoma of the head and neck
Authors: Gill Amarbir S. , Nittur Vinay R. , Moore Michael G. , Farwell D. Gregory , Bewley Arnaud F. 
Published: March 2019

ObjectiveAlthough basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common skin cancer, locally aggressive BCC of the head and neck is rare and not well studied.Study DesignRetrospective review of patients who underwent primary surgical resection of locally aggressive head and neck BCC at a single tertiary academic center.ResultsEighty‐seven patients with 98 tumors demonstrated a 5‐year Kaplan‐Meier estimated recurrence‐free survival of 64.5%, overall survival of 83.3%, and disease‐specific survival of 98.3%. Intraoperative positive frozen section margin was a strong independent predictor of local recurrence (hazard ratio 6.88, P = 0.038) and was more likely to occur in tumors previously treated with radiation (odds ratio 6.47 = 0.05).ConclusionLocally aggressive BCCs of the head and neck have high rates of local recurrence but low disease‐specific mortality when treated with primary surgery and selected use of adjuvant therapy. Intraoperative positive frozen section margin is a strong independent predictor of local recurrence and is more likely in tumors that were previously treated with radiation therapy.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 130:115–119, 2020
A systematic review of surgical treatment for supraglottic exercise‐induced laryngeal obstruction
Authors: Siewers Karina , Backer Vibeke , Walsted Emil Schwarz 
Published: March 2019

ObjectivesExercise‐induced laryngeal obstruction (EILO) is a condition causing breathing difficulties and stridor during exercise. The condition has in severe cases been treated surgically with supraglottoplasty. The purpose of this systematic review is to assess the evidence and recommendations for surgical intervention in treating patients with EILO.MethodsA systematic search was performed in PubMed and Embase to identify relevant studies describing surgical treatment of patients diagnosed with severe EILO. According to eligibility criteria, data were independently extracted by two reviewers. To assess the risk of bias of each included study, the Newcastle‐Ottawa scale (NOS) was used.ResultsThe screening process identified 11 observational studies with a total of 75 patients. Findings indicated that many beneficial outcomes are to be found in surgical treatment for EILO. These indications were found both on visual verification of improvement of the laryngeal obstruction during exercise and patient self‐reported symptom severity. The average NOS score (4.3) indicated low level of evidence in the included studies.ConclusionStudies reporting effects of surgical treatment of EILO have shown promising results in patients with laryngeal obstruction. However, the heterogeneity of study methodologies and the level of evidence precludes definitive recommendations for or against supraglottoplasty at this time; prospective and methodologically robust studies are now needed.Level of Evidence4
Optical Patterns on Drawn Polyethylene by Direct Laser Writing
Authors: Lafleur Sarah S. D. , Shen Lihua , Kamphuis Ebeltien J. T. W. , Houben Simon J. A. , Balzano Luigi , Severn John R. , Schenning Albertus P. H. J. , Bastiaansen Cees W. M. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractOptical patterns are produced on the surface of drawn linear polyethylene containing 2‐(2H‐benzotriazol‐2‐yl)‐4,6‐ditertpentylphenol (BZT), a photothermal dye, by direct laser writing. The photothermal dye absorbs the UV light and dissipates heat in the polyethylene film. This heat locally results in the melting, shrinking, and recrystallization of PE and the loss of the fibrillar crystalline morphology which is typical for these materials. By using this writing method, an optical image can be obtained by controlling the local UV irradiation dose with a pulsed UV laser. The optical image is visible with the naked eye but also between crossed polarizers giving an overt and covert authentication verification that might be interesting for anti‐counterfeit applications.
Enhanced Na+‐K+‐2Cl‐ cotransporter 1 underlies motor dysfunction in huntington's disease
Authors: Hsu Yi‐Ting , Chang Ya‐Gin , Liu Yu‐Chao , Wang Kai‐Yi , Chen Hui‐Mei , Lee Ding‐Jin , Yang Sung‐Sen , Tsai Chon‐Haw , Lien Cheng‐Chang , Chern Yijuang 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackgroundAltered γ‐aminobutyric acid signaling is believed to disrupt the excitation/inhibition balance in the striatum, which may account for the motor symptoms of Huntington's disease. Na‐K‐2Cl cotransporter‐1 is a key molecule that controls γ‐aminobutyric acid‐ergic signaling. However, the role of Na‐K‐2Cl cotransporter‐1 and efficacy of γ‐aminobutyric acid‐ergic transmission remain unknown in Huntington's disease.MethodsWe determined the levels of Na‐K‐2Cl cotransporter‐1 in brain tissue from Huntington's disease mice and patients by real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, western blot, and immunocytochemistry. Gramicidin‐perforated patch‐clamp recordings were used to measure the Eγ‐aminobutyric acid in striatal brain slices. To inhibit Na‐K‐2Cl cotransporter‐1 activity, R6/2 mice were treated with an intraperitoneal injection of bumetanide or adeno‐associated virus‐mediated delivery of Na‐K‐2Cl cotransporter‐1 short‐hairpin RNA into the striatum. Motor behavior assays were employed.ResultsExpression of Na‐K‐2Cl cotransporter‐1 was elevated in the striatum of R6/2 and Hdh150Q/7Q mouse models. An increase in Na‐K‐2Cl cotransporter‐1 transcripts was also found in the caudate nucleus of Huntington's disease patients. Accordingly, a depolarizing shift of Eγ‐aminobutyric acid was detected in the striatum of R6/2 mice. Expression of the mutant huntingtin in astrocytes and neuroinflammation were necessary for enhanced expression of Na‐K‐2Cl cotransporter‐1 in HD mice. Notably, pharmacological or genetic inhibition of Na‐K‐2Cl cotransporter‐1 rescued the motor deficits of R6/2 mice.ConclusionsOur findings demonstrate that aberrant γ‐aminobutyric acid‐ergic signaling and enhanced Na‐K‐2Cl cotransporter‐1 contribute to the pathogenesis of Huntington's disease and identify a new therapeutic target for the potential rescue of motor dysfunction in patients with Huntington's disease. © 2019 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Micro‐XRD and nanoindentation investigation of bioceramics for dental pulp therapy
Authors: Alapati Satish , Iijima Masahiro , Brantley William A. , Ito Shuichi , Muguruma Takeshi , Saito Takashi , Mizoguchi Itaru 
Published: March 2019

AbstractTherapeutic bioceramics for dental pulp treatment are an area of active research. This study investigated the phases in two commonly used bioceramics and depth of dentin remineralization after application of these bioceramics. Cavities in non‐carious third molars were filled with ProRoot White mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) (Dentsply Tulsa Dental), EndoSequence Root Repair Material (Brasseler USA) and with calcium hydroxide (Dycal, Dentsply Caulk) serving as a control. Specimens were immersed in simulated body fluid (SBF) for 3 months, and Micro‐X‐ray diffraction (Micro‐XRD) analyses were performed on the bioceramics two minutes after placement and at seven subsequent intervals. After three months in SBF, specimens were subjected to nanoindentation testing. Micro‐XRD revealed the presence of dicalcium silicate, tricalcium silicate, tricalcium aluminate and calcium sulphate in both bioceramics. Opacifying agents bismuth oxide and zirconia were also detected in ProRoot White MTA and EndoSequence Root Repair Material, respectively. There was no evidence for the silicate gel matrix that forms during setting of these bioceramics. Nanoindentation testing revealed that at <17 µm from the interface, the nanohardness of dentin in specimens filled with Dycal was lower than for EndoSequence and ProRoot White MTA, whereas at 21–97 µm from the interface, there was no significant difference in nanohardness of dentin filled with any material.
Mutation screening in the FBN1 gene responsible for Marfan syndrome and related disorder in Chinese families
Authors: Gong Bo , Yang Lan , Wang Qingwei , Ye Zimeng , Guo Xiaoxin , Yang Chen , Hao Fang , Shi Yi , Huang Yi , Qu Chao , Yang Zhenglin 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackgroundPrevious studies showed that the fibrillin‐1 gene (FBN1) is responsible for Marfan sydrome (MFS) pathogenesis. This study is conducted to screen for mutations in the FBN1 gene in Chinese families with MFS.MethodsEight families with MFS and related disorder were recruited in this study. All available family members underwent complete physical, ophthalmic, and cardiovascular examination. Mutation screening was performed using targeted next‐generation sequencing. Candidate variants were amplified by polymerase chain reaction and verified by direct Sanger sequencing.ResultsFour novel heterozygous mutations in FBN1, including c.2861G>T (p.R954L), c.4087G>A (p.D1363N), c.4987T>G (p.C1663G), and c.5032T>G (p.Y1678D), as well as four known mutations, c.3617G>A (p.G1206D), c.4460A>G (p.D1487G), c.4588C>T (p.R1530C), and c.718C>T (p.R240C) were identified. Affected patients from each family were found to carry one of the mutations, whereas the unaffected members and 1,086 normal controls were not. Each mutation was found to be cosegregated with MFS phenotype and related disorder in each family. Multiple sequence alignment of the human fibrillin‐1 protein showed that these mutations occurred in a highly conserved region among different species.ConclusionsEight FBN1 mutations were identified in Chinese families with MFS and related disorder. These data expands FBN1 mutation spectrum and further emphasizes the role of FBN1 in the pathogenesis of MFS.
Preventing lives affected by hemophilia: A mixed methods study of the views of adults with hemophilia and their families toward genetic screening
Authors: Boardman Felicity K. , Hale Rachel , Gohel Raksha , Young Philip J. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackgroundGenomic sequencing technologies have made the possibility of population screening for whole panels of genetic disorders more feasible than ever before. As one of the most common single gene disorders affecting the UK population, hemophilia is an attractive candidate to include on such screening panels. However, very little is known about views toward genetic screening amongst people with hemophilia or their family members, despite the potential for a wide range of impacts on them.MethodsTwenty‐two in‐depth qualitative interviews were undertaken to explore the views of adults with hemophilia and their family members, recruited through the Haemophilia Society UK. These interviews were used to develop a survey, the Haemophilia Screening Survey (UK), which was distributed in paper and online format through the support group, receiving 327 returns between January and June 2018.ResultsFifty‐seven per cent of the sample supported preconception carrier screening of the population for hemophilia, and 59% supported prenatal carrier screening. Key reasons for support included a desire to reduce pregnancy terminations and increase awareness of hemophilia. Despite support for screening however, 90% of the sample disagreed with pregnancy terminations for hemophilia.ConclusionsFamilies and adults living with hemophilia are more supportive of screening for information and preparation purposes than to prevent boys with hemophilia from being born. A distinction was made between preventing the disease and preventing the lives of people with it, with support shown for the use of screening to achieve the former, but not at the expense of the latter.
A wideband millimeter‐wave antenna based on quasi‐Yagi antenna with MIMO circular array antenna beamforming for 5G wireless networks
Authors: Nouri Mahdi , Abazari Aghdam Sajjad , Jafarieh Alireza , Bagby Jonathan , Sahebghalam Sara 
Published: March 2019

AbstractIn this letter, a wideband printed antenna and its arrays for 5G wireless cellular systems have been proposed. The proposed antenna is like the Yagi‐Uda antenna which fed by an optimized microstrip line. The single antennas have two kinds of bandwidth. In broadband case, it has |S11| < −10 dB with an impedance bandwidth of 47% (24.8‐40 GHz) and a range gain of 6.3‐8.9 dBi. In multiband case, it covers two licensed bandwidths for 5G systems (27‐29 GHz and 36‐40 GHz) and a range gain of 7.2‐7.9 dBi. Furthermore, by optimizing the constructive interference between the patches and the aperture, a relatively high antenna gain even with a wide beamforming across an azimuthal plane with the merits of the average gain equal 10.5 dBi could be obtained. The measurement results showed that the proposed antenna and array antenna have stable radiation patterns, low cross‐polarization, and high gain, exhibiting potential use for the applications of 5G wireless communication systems.
Half‐mode substrate‐integrated waveguide based band‐pass filter for C band application
Authors: Vala Alpesh , Patel Amit 
Published: March 2019

AbstractDesign and development of half mode substrate integrated waveguide (HMSIW) for a C band application is proposed here. First SIW structure is designed and developed for the cut‐off frequency 5 GHz, and then HMSIW structure is designed and developed from the same structure. Simulated and measured results of both the structures are compared for the verification. A band pass filter (BPF) is designed using HMSIW structure based on transverse slots. Tuning of frequency is carried out by changing the slot length. All the simulation is carried out with the use of high frequency structure simulator (HFSS). BPF provides the pass band from the frequency range of 7.1 to 7.2 GHz with insertion loss less than 2 dB and return loss more than 22 dB. HMSIW structure is further optimized by inserting parallel RLC resonator in between two transverse slots. Measured results are similar with the simulated one.
Economic model predictive control for time‐varying system: Performance and stability results
Authors: Grüne Lars , Pirkelmann Simon 
Published: March 2019

SummaryWe consider economic model predictive control (MPC) without terminal conditions for time‐varying optimal control problems. Under appropriate conditions, we prove that MPC yields initial pieces of approximately infinite horizon optimal trajectories and that the optimal infinite horizon trajectory is practically asymptotically stable. The results are illustrated by numerical examples motivated by energy‐efficient heating and cooling of a building.
Safety of a quadrivalent meningococcal conjugate vaccine in healthy subjects aged 9 months to 55 years in Vietnam
Authors: Phan Cong Hung , Nguyen Thi Phuong Thuy , Doan Uyen Y. , Nguyen Thuy An , Thollot Yaël , Nievera Maria Carmen 
Published: March 2019

AbstractPurposeMeningococcal disease is a major global health concern due to its severe and sudden clinical manifestations, devastating long‐term sequelae, and predominance in younger age groups. This study evaluated the safety of a quadrivalent meningococcal polysaccharide diphtheria toxoid conjugate vaccine (MenACWY‐D; Menactra) in participants aged 9 months to 55 years in Vietnam.MethodsThis was an open‐label, single‐arm study conducted between June and December 2016. Participants received one 0.5‐mL dose of the vaccine, and those aged 9 to 23 months received a second 0.5‐mL dose 3 months later. Participants (or their parents or legal guardians) reported adverse events during the 28 days after each dose.ResultsThe study included 112 participants aged 9 to 23 months and 112 participants aged 2 to 55 years. Of these 224 participants, 100 (44.6%) had one or more solicited reactions within 7 days following any MenACWY‐D dose, mostly injection site pain, lost appetite (in 9 to 23‐month‐olds), and malaise (in 2 to 55‐year‐olds). Most solicited reactions were of mild or moderate intensity and resolved within 3 days. Five participants had unsolicited adverse reactions (ARs), two of which (tonsillitis and febrile convulsion), in 9 to 23‐month‐olds, were considered by the investigator as serious adverse events related to the vaccine. No immediate unsolicited ARs, severe unsolicited nonserious ARs, or unsolicited injection site reactions were reported, and both participants who experienced vaccine‐related serious adverse events recovered.ConclusionConsistent with studies in other countries, MenACWY‐D had an acceptable safety profile in individuals from Vietnam aged 9 months to 55 years (WHO Universal Trial Number: U1111‐1143‐9207).
Acculturation and quality of life among Chinese American breast cancer survivors: The mediating role of self‐stigma, ambivalence over emotion expression, and intrusive thoughts
Authors: Tsai William , Wu Ivan H.C. , Lu Qian 
Published: March 2019

AbstractObjectivesHighly acculturated Chinese American breast cancer survivors have greater access to health care providers, are English language proficient, and have more knowledge about the health care system. However, less is known about the potential psychosocial factors that may account for the health benefits of acculturation. As such, the current study seeks to understand how mainstream acculturation is associated with higher quality of life by investigating self‐stigma, ambivalence over emotion expression (AEE), and intrusive thoughts, as serial mediators among Chinese breast cancer survivors.MethodsOne hundred twelve Chinese American breast cancer survivors completed a self‐reported questionnaire with these trait variables.ResultsWe found support for a serial multiple mediation hypothesis in which mainstream acculturation was indirectly associated with quality of life through self‐stigma, AEE, and intrusive thoughts. Specifically, mainstream acculturation was associated with lower self‐stigma, which, in turn, was associated with lower AEE and intrusive thoughts and subsequently resulted in lower quality of life among Chinese American breast cancer survivors.ConclusionsThe findings suggest that psychosocial factors are important mechanisms through which acculturation is associated with quality of life among Chinese American breast cancer survivors. As Chinese immigrants acculturate to mainstream American culture, they may benefit from the reduced public stigma toward breast cancer and incorporate new post‐immigration knowledge about cancer that protects them from high levels of self‐stigma. This, in turn, may lead Chinese American breast cancer survivors to experience lower AEE and intrusive thoughts and subsequently experience higher quality of life.
Assessing arthritis in the context of cystic fibrosis
Authors: Clarke Elizabeth A. , Watson Pippa , Freeston Jane E. , Peckham Daniel G. , Jones Andrew M. , Horsley Alex 
Published: March 2019

AbstractInflammatory arthritis in the context of cystic fibrosis (CF) can represent a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. Poor recognition and under‐treatment of musculoskeletal conditions increases symptom burden, affects quality of life, and may lead to changes to an individual's ability to carry out activities of daily living and to exercise. A careful assessment and multidisciplinary approach is essential when considering a diagnosis of CF‐associated arthritis (CFA), both in terms of identifying other treatable conditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis, and effectively addressing symptoms. In this collaboration between CF specialists and Rheumatologists, we consider joint symptoms in patients with CF, with a focus on CFA. We offer a differential diagnosis list and consider steps to assess and manage CF patients presenting with arthralgia including appropriate up‐to‐date rheumatological assessment.