bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Whole‐genome resequencing‐based QTL‐seq identified candidate genes and molecular markers for fresh seed dormancy in groundnut
Authors: Kumar Rakesh , Janila Pasupuleti , Vishwakarma Manish K. , Khan Aamir W. , Manohar Surendra S. , Gangurde Sunil S. , Variath Murali T. , Shasidhar Yaduru , Pandey Manish K. , Varshney Rajeev K. 
Published: September 2019

SummaryThe subspecies fastigiata of cultivated groundnut lost fresh seed dormancy (FSD) during domestication and human‐made selection. Groundnut varieties lacking FSD experience precocious seed germination during harvest imposing severe losses. Development of easy‐to‐use genetic markers enables early‐generation selection in different molecular breeding approaches. In this context, one recombinant inbred lines (RIL) population (ICGV 00350 × ICGV 97045) segregating for FSD was used for deploying QTL‐seq approach for identification of key genomic regions and candidate genes. Whole‐genome sequencing (WGS) data (87.93 Gbp) were generated and analysed for the dormant parent (ICGV 97045) and two DNA pools (dormant and nondormant). After analysis of resequenced data from the pooled samples with dormant parent (reference genome), we calculated delta‐SNP index and identified a total of 10,759 genomewide high‐confidence SNPs. Two candidate genomic regions spanning 2.4 Mb and 0.74 Mb on the B05 and A09 pseudomolecules, respectively, were identified controlling FSD. Two candidate genes—RING‐H2 finger protein and zeaxanthin epoxidase—were identified in these two regions, which significantly express during seed development and control abscisic acid (ABA) accumulation. QTL‐seq study presented here laid out development of a marker, GMFSD1, which was validated on a diverse panel and could be used in molecular breeding to improve dormancy in groundnut.
A Fast Diagnosis Methodology for Typical Faults of a Lithium-Ion Battery in Electric and Hybrid Electric Aircraft
Authors: Hashemi Seyed Reza , Esmaeeli Roja , Nazari Ashkan , Aliniagerdroudbari Haniph , Alhadri Muapper , Zakri Waleed , Mohammed Abdul Haq , Mahajan Ajay , Farhad Siamak 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
In electric and hybrid-electric aircraft, the battery systems are usually composed of up to thousands of battery cells connected in series or parallel to provide the voltage and power/energy requirements. The inconsistent cells could affect the battery pack and its performance or even endanger electric and hybrid-electric aircraft security; thus, the early fault diagnosis of the battery system is essential. A well-designed battery management system along with a set of reliable voltage and current sensors is required to properly measure and control the cells operational variables in a large battery pack. In this study, based on the battery working mechanism, a new, fast, and robust fault diagnostic scheme is proposed for a lithium-ion battery (LIB) pack that can be employed for applications such as electric and hybrid-electric aircraft. In this method, some faults such as the overcharge, overdischarge occurring in LIB packs can be detected and isolated, based on some predefined factors gained from the battery models in healthy, overcharge, and overdischarge conditions. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed fast fault diagnosis scheme is experimentally validated with LIBs under a typical flight cycle.
Organic-rich microfossils produced by oil infiltration of hollow silicified bacteria: Evidence from the ca. 340 Ma Red Dog Zn-Pb deposit, Alaska
Authors: Rasmussen Birger , Muhling Janet R. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The remarkable preservation of carbonaceous microfossils in Precambrian chert has been attributed to rapid silica precipitation enclosing original cellular carbon. However, while silicification of bacteria can preserve cellular morphology, in modern silicifying environments, organic molecules are rapidly destroyed after death, raising questions about the origin of carbon in ancient microfossils. Here, we show that carbonaceous matter in filamentous microfossils in chert from the Carboniferous Red Dog Zn-Pb deposit, northern Alaska, represents relicts of migrated oil. Black, carbonaceous microfossils are associated with chert stained brown by solidified oil surrounding hairline fractures. The black filaments contain thin carbon films (<50 nm) lining minute quartz crystals in intracellular cavities. Our observations indicate that silica nucleation on bacterial cell walls was followed by the decomposition of cellular carbon, producing silica-encased, bacterial molds that were later infiltrated by oil. This process represents a new mode of fossilization that raises questions about the origin of carbonaceous matter in some of Earth’s oldest microfossils.
Synthesis and characterization of Zn100−xLixO and Zn100−x−yLixCuyO thin films for electronic and optoelectronic applications
Authors: Afrose R. , Kamruzzaman M. , Liton M. N. H. , Helal M. A. , Khan M. K. R. , Rahman M. , Anam T. K. 
Published: September 2019

p-type conductivity and the modulation of bandgap of ZnO are crucial aspects for realization of optoelectronic devices’ applications. The Li and Li-Cu could be suitable doping agents for achieving the p-type conductivity and the modulation of bandgap of ZnO. To this point of view, the Zn[Formula: see text]Li[Formula: see text]O (x = 0 to 40 at.%) and Zn[Formula: see text]Li[Formula: see text]Cu[Formula: see text]O (fixed, x = 5 at.%, and y = 0.0 to 10 at.%) thin films were prepared on the microscopic glass substrates at a temperature of 350[Formula: see text]C using cost effective chemical spray pyrolysis (CSP) technique. Field emission scanning electron microscope images show the coexistence of interconnected fibrous and flat grains on the films surface. The grain size changes as function of Li- and Li-Cu concentrations, and at a higher doping granular grains are observed. The successful incorporation of Li and Cu-Li into ZnO crystal is confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns exhibit hexagonal polycrystalline structure of doped ZnO. However, the crystallinity is deteriorated at higher Li- and Li-Cu doping concentrations. The optical bandgap study exhibits direct transition type and it is red shifted from 3.21 to 2.61 eV and 2.84 to 3.56 eV for Li and Li-Cu doping in ZnO thin films, respectively. The optical conductivity enhances as a result of Li- and Li-Cu doping in ZnO. Therefore, Li- and Li-Cu can effectively be doped to tune bandgap and enhance optical properties of ZnO for electronic and optoelectronic device applications.
Krylov Subspace Approximation for Local Community Detection in Large Networks
Authors: He Kun , Shi Pan , Bindel David , Hopcroft John E. 
Published: September 2019

Community detection is an important information mining task to uncover modular structures in large networks. For increasingly common large network datasets, global community detection is prohibitively expensive, and attention has shifted to methods that mine local communities, i.e., identifying all latent members of a particular community from a few labeled seed members. To address such semi-supervised mining task, we systematically develop a local spectral (LOSP) subspace-based community detection method, called LOSP. We define a family of LOSP subspaces based on Krylov subspaces, and seek a sparse indicator for the target community via an ℓ
1
norm minimization over the Krylov subspace. Variants of LOSP depend on type of random walks with different diffusion speeds, type of random walks, dimension of the LOSP subspace, and step of diffusions. The effectiveness of the proposed LOSP approach is theoretically analyzed based on Rayleigh quotients, and it is experimentally verified on a wide variety of real-world networks across social, production, and biological domains, as well as on an extensive set of synthetic LFR benchmark datasets.
A passive, camera-based head-tracking system for real-time, three-dimensional estimation of head position and orientation in rodents
Authors: Vanzella Walter , Grion Natalia , Bertolini Daniele , Perissinotto Andrea , Gigante Marco , Zoccolan Davide 
Published: September 2019

Tracking head position and orientation in small mammals is crucial for many applications in the field of behavioral neurophysiology, from the study of spatial navigation to the investigation of active sensing and perceptual representations. Many approaches to head tracking exist, but most of them only estimate the 2D coordinates of the head over the plane where the animal navigates. Full reconstruction of the pose of the head in 3D is much more more challenging and has been achieved only in handful of studies, which employed headsets made of multiple LEDs or inertial units. However, these assemblies are rather bulky and need to be powered to operate, which prevents their application in wireless experiments and in the small enclosures often used in perceptual studies. Here we propose an alternative approach, based on passively imaging a lightweight, compact, 3D structure, painted with a pattern of black dots over a white background. By applying a cascade of feature extraction algorithms that progressively refine the detection of the dots and reconstruct their geometry, we developed a tracking method that is highly precise and accurate, as assessed through a battery of validation measurements. We show that this method can be used to study how a rat samples sensory stimuli during a perceptual discrimination task and how a hippocampal place cell represents head position over extremely small spatial scales. Given its minimal encumbrance and wireless nature, our method could be ideal for high-throughput applications, where tens of animals need to be simultaneously and continuously tracked. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Head tracking is crucial in many behavioral neurophysiology studies. Yet reconstruction of the head’s pose in 3D is challenging and typically requires implanting bulky, electrically powered headsets that prevent wireless experiments and are hard to employ in operant boxes. Here we propose an alternative approach, based on passively imaging a compact, 3D dot pattern that, once implanted over the head of a rodent, allows estimating the pose of its head with high precision and accuracy.
Body side-specific changes in sensorimotor processing of movement feedback in a walking insect
Authors: Schmitz Joscha , Gruhn Matthias , Büschges Ansgar 
Published: September 2019

Feedback from load and movement sensors can modify timing and magnitude of the motor output in the stepping stick insect. One source of feedback is stretch reception by the femoral chordotonal organ (fCO), which encodes such parameters as the femorotibial (FTi) joint angle, the angular velocity, and its acceleration. Stimulation of the fCO causes a postural resistance reflex, during quiescence, and can elicit the opposite, so-called active reaction (AR), which assists ongoing flexion during active movements. In the present study, we investigated the role of fCO feedback for the difference in likelihood of generating ARs on the inside vs. the outside during curve stepping. We analyzed the effects of fCO stimulation on the motor output to the FTi and the neighboring coxa-trochanter and thorax-coxa joints of the middle leg. In inside and outside turns, the probability for ARs increases with increasing starting angle and decreasing stimulus velocity; furthermore, it is independent of the total angular excursion. However, the transition between stance and swing motor activity always occurs after a specific angular excursion, independent of the turning direction. Feedback from the fCO also has an excitatory influence on levator trochanteris motoneurons (MNs) during inside and outside turns, whereas the same feedback affects protractor coxae MNs only during outside steps. Our results suggest joint- and body side-dependent processing of fCO feedback. A shift in gain may be responsible for different AR probabilities between inside and outside turning, whereas the general control mechanism for ARs is unchanged.NEW & NOTEWORTHY We show that parameters of movement feedback from the tibia in an insect during curve walking are processed in a body side-specific manner, and how. From our results it is highly conceivable that the difference in motor response to the feedback supports the body side-specific leg kinematics during turning. Future studies will need to determine the source for the inputs that determine the local changes in sensory-motor processing.
Dipyridamole Enhances the Cytotoxicities of Trametinib against Colon Cancer Cells through Combined Targeting of HMGCS1 and MEK Pathway
Authors: Zhou Sheng , Xu Huanji , Tang Qiulin , Xia Hongwei , Bi Feng 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Both the MAPK pathway and mevalonate (MVA) signaling pathway play an increasingly significant role in the carcinogenesis of colorectal carcinoma, whereas the cross-talk between these two pathways and its implication in targeted therapy remains unclear in colorectal carcinoma. Here, we identified that HMGCS1 (3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase 1), the rate-limiting enzyme of the MVA pathway, is overexpressed in colon cancer tissues and positively regulates the cell proliferation, migration, and invasion of colon cancer cells. In addition, HMGCS1 could enhance the activity of pERK independent of the MVA pathway, and the suppression of HMGCS1 could completely reduce the EGF-induced proliferation of colon cancer cells. Furthermore, we found that trametinib, a MEK inhibitor, could only partially abolish the upregulation of HMGCS1 induced by EGF treatment, while combination with HMGCS1 knockdown could completely reverse the upregulation of HMGCS1 induced by EGF treatment and increase the sensitivity of colon cancer cells to trametinib. Finally, we combined trametinib and dipyridamole, a common clinically used drug that could suppress the activity of SREBF2 (sterol regulatory element-binding transcription factor 2), a transcription factor regulating HMGCS1 expression, and identified its synergistic effect in inhibiting the proliferation and survival of colon cancer cells in vitro as well as the in vivo tumorigenic potential of colon cancer cells. Together, the current data indicated that HMGCS1 may be a novel biomarker, and the combination of targeting HMGCS1 and MEK might be a promising therapeutic strategy for patients with colon cancer.
Publicística, a precursora das ciências da comunicação?
Authors: Daros Otávio 
Published: September 2019

Em Síntese de história da publicística - Estágios reflexivos da ciência da comunicação pública alemã, Francisco Rüdiger apresenta aos leitores de língua portuguesa importante contribuição ao estudo da história do pensamento comunicacional. Mostramos como o relato lança luz sobre as origens, formação e declínio deste projeto acadêmico até a década 1970, quando cedeu espaço às ciências da comunicação, hoje ciências da mídia. Avaliamos os méritos da obra e questionamos a pretensão do autor em oferecer matéria para amparar sua suspeita: a publicística como precursora do campo acadêmico de comunicação.
Un traité de droit mālikite égyptien redécouvert : Aṣbaġ b. al-Faraǧ (m. 225/ 840) et le serment d’abstinence
Authors: Tillier Mathieu , Vanthieghem Naïm 
Published: September 2019

RésuméLe présent article propose l’édition de deux papyrus juridiques relatifs à la répudiation, conservés dans la collection Michaelidès de la Bibliothèque universitaire de Cambridge. Le premier, une page de titre datant du milieu du iiie/ixe siècle, suggère que le second, un extrait relatif au serment d’abstinence (īlāʾ), est attribuable au juriste mālikite égyptien Aṣbaġ b. al-Faraǧ (m. 225/840). Cet échantillon, qui pourrait constituer les seules pages survivantes du Samāʿ ou des Nawāzil de cet auteur, fait alterner des citations du Muwaṭṭa⁠ʾ de Mālik et l’argumentation d’une autre autorité, peut-être Aṣbaġ lui-même ; il préserve par ailleurs la trace de controverses juridiques tant dans le milieu des savants médinois que dans celui des juristes égyptiens. Ces deux papyrus offrent ainsi un témoignage inédit sur la formation d’un maḏhab mālikite en Égypte et sur la relation dialogique qui s’instaura, dans la première moitié du iiie/ixe siècle, entre les juristes qui se réclamaient du maître médinois.
When Death Is Not the End: Continuing Somatic Care during Postmortem Pregnancy
Authors: Barr Jennifer J. 
Published: September 2019

Brain death during the second trimester of pregnancy creates a unique situation in which the mother is deceased, but life of the developing fetus still depends on somatic functions in the mother’s body. In this article, I show that when a pregnant woman becomes brain dead during the second trimester, it is morally licit, though not morally obligatory, to continue somatic support while the fetus develops. The interventions on the mother’s body are justified for the life of the fetus, especially in light of the unique mother–child dyad and the responsibilities the mother has for her child. However, this therapy is not frequently employed, and its success is unpredictable. In many cases, the expense and uncertain nature of the therapy may make it disproportionate. In such cases, somatic support of the mother’s body may be discontinued. Summary: When brain death is diagnosed during pregnancy, it is a challenging decision whether to use artificial ventilation and other heroic measures to support the developing fetus. This paper demonstrates that while these interventions are acceptable, they are not obligatory.
Evaluation of Diffusional Characteristics and Microstructure in Unilateral Vocal Fold Paralysis Using Diffusion Tensor Imaging
Authors: Cai Jie , Klein Logan , Wu Pinhong , Wilson Azure , Xu Xinlin , Scholp Austin , Bao Huijing , Wang Xi , Jiang Jack J. , Liu Ting , Zhuang Peiyun 
Published: September 2019

Objective: To investigate the value of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in the evaluation of vocal fold tissue microstructure after recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) injury. Methods: Six canines were divided into 2 groups: a unilateral vocal fold paralysis group (n = 4) and a control group (n = 2). The RLN was cut in the unilateral vocal fold paralysis group, and no intervention was applied in the control group. After 4 months, the canines’ larynges were removed and placed in a small animal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) system (9.4T BioSpec MRI; Bruker, Germany). After scanning, the vocal folds were isolated, sectioned, and stained. The slides were then analyzed for the cross-sectional area and muscle fiber density through feature extraction technology. Pearson correlation analysis was performed on the DTI scan and histological section extraction results. Results: In the vocal fold muscle layer, the fractional anisotropy (FA) of the unilateral RLN injury group was higher than that of the control group, and the Tensor Trace was lower than that of the control group. This difference was statistically significant, P < .05. In the lamina propria, the FA of the unilateral RLN injury group was lower than that of the control group, P > .05, and the Tensor Trace was lower than that of the control group, P < .05. The muscle fiber cross-sectional area of the RLN injury group was significantly smaller than the control group with statistical significance, P < .05, and the density of muscle fibers was lower, P < .05. The correlation coefficient between FA and the cross-sectional area was −0.838, P = .002, and .726; P = .017 between Tensor Trace and the cross-sectional area. Conclusion: Diffusion tensor imaging is an effective method to assess the changes in the microstructure of atrophic vocal fold muscle tissue after RLN injury.
Pregnancy outcomes in women with rheumatic diseases: a real-world observational study in Japan
Authors: Sugawara E , Kato M , Fujieda Y , Oku K , Bohgaki T , Yasuda S , Umazume T , Morikawa M , Watari H , Atsumi T 
Published: September 2019

Objectives We aimed to evaluate the obstetric complications and the risk factors for these events in pregnant women with rheumatic diseases (RDs). Methods A single-center retrospective study of women with RDs at Hokkaido University Hospital between 2007 and 2016 was conducted. Clinical features and maternal and fetal outcomes were retrospectively collected. The rate of pregnancy complications was compared with the general obstetric population (GOP) in Japan. Results Overall, 132 pregnancies in 95 women with RDs were recorded. Underlying RDs were systemic erythematosus (SLE) ( n = 57), antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) ( n = 35), rheumatoid arthritis ( n = 9), and other RDs ( n = 31). Antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) were detected in 44 pregnancies (32%). Glucocorticoid was used in 82 pregnancies (62%), and tacrolimus in 20 pregnancies (15%). There were 24 disease flares (18%), but no RD-related death was documented. We recorded 112 live births, 6 abortions, 8 miscarriages, and 6 stillbirths. Pregnancies with RDs appeared to have frequent, emergency cesarean sections and preterm deliveries compared with GOP (30% vs 15% and 21% vs 14%, respectively). The median [interquartile range] birthweight in SLE and APS was lower than GOP (2591 [2231–2958] g and 2600 [2276–2920] g vs 2950 [2650–3250] g, respectively). In pregnancies with SLE, low complement levels presented the risk of maternal complications (odds ratio [95% CI]; 3.9 [1.0–14.9], p = 0.046) and anti-DNA antibody positivity was significantly correlated with the risk of fetal complications (3.5 [1.1–11.2], p = 0.036). In pregnancies with APS, maternal age over 35 years and duration of disease longer than 9 years (7.4 [1.3–40.8], p = 0.021, and 11.16 [1.1–118.8], p = 0.046, respectively) were significantly correlated with the risk of fetal complications. Conclusion Pregnancies with RDs were at increased risk of having both maternal complications and adverse neonatal outcomes, indicating these pregnancies should be closely monitored.
Gender and Racial Disparities in Survival After Surgery Among Papillary and Patients With Follicular Thyroid Cancer: A 45-Year Experience
Authors: Asban Ammar , Chung Sebastian K , Xie Rongbing , Lindeman Brenessa M , Balentine Courtney J , Kirklin James K , Chen Herbert 
Published: September 2019

Background: Demographic disparities have been described for survival after thyroid cancer surgery using national registries and databases. At the institution level, we hypothesized that assessing survival after thyroid cancer surgery in a long-term cohort with diverse gender and racial groups would reveal disparities in survival. Methods: We examined medical records of patients with papillary or follicular thyroid cancer undergoing thyroidectomy, lobectomy, and other surgical procedures from 1971 to 2016 at a tertiary referral center. We obtained information on demographics, cancer stage, procedure, and radioactive iodine (RAI). We measured survival using Kaplan-Meier estimates and Cox proportional hazards models. Results: A total of 1440 (91%) patients with papillary cancer and 144 (9%) patients with follicular thyroid cancer underwent total thyroidectomy (1297, 82%), lobectomy (261, 16.5%), and other surgical procedures (26, 1.5%). Most patients (1131, 71%) were woman, and 909 (57%) were older than 45 years. Race/ethnicity included 805 (51%) white, 161 (10%) African Americans, and 618 (39%) other race/ethnicities. Both 10- and 20-year survival rates in nonwhite males were worse compared with nonwhite females ( P < .0001). After controlling for age, cancer type, stage, surgical procedure, RAI, and year of surgery, nonwhite males had a higher mortality risk compared with nonwhite females ( P = .0376, confidence interval (CI): 1.03-2.43), white males ( P < .0001, CI: 1.88-6.54), and white females ( P < .0001, CI: 3.31-9.90). Conclusions: Our diverse cohort demonstrates significant gender and racial disparities in survival after thyroid cancer surgery. To improve health outcomes and reduce health disparities among nonwhite males, interventions and long-term care management should target potentially modifiable causes of worse outcomes in this group.