bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Next-generation sequencing of plasmid carrying blaOXA-48 in Klebsiella pneumoniae from Turkey
Authors: Düzgün Azer Özad , Saral Ayşegül 
Published: February 2019

A carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae strain was isolated in Turkey in 2012 and blaNDM-1 and blaOXA-48 genes were observed in this strain. The aim of this study was to investigate transferability of plasmid bearing blaOXA-48 in K. pneumoniae and to use whole-genome sequencing in order to understand the genetic context of plasmid. K. pneumoniae strain was used as donor in conjugation experiments. Antibiotic susceptibility profile of selected transconjugant was determined. Plasmid was isolated from transconjugant colony and was named as pKPT. Complete sequencing of the pKPT was conducted using a next-generation sequencing. Annotation of the contigs was performed using the Geneious R9, followed by finding open reading frames (ORFs) with selected web-based tools. BLAST analysis was performed at the NCBI BLAST server to determine genes showing more than 90% similarity with these ORFs. Results of antibiotic susceptibility test showed that transconjugant colony was resistant to ampicillin/sulbactam, piperacillin, and piperacillin/tazobactam. The pKPT plasmid had a length of 45,217 bp and an average G + C content of 49%. Blast analysis revealed that pKPT was included in the IncL/M incompatibility group. The pKPT was found to contain blaOXA-48 within Tn1999.2 transposon without any other antibiotic resistance gene.
Energetically Optimal Control of the Convergence of the Spacecraft in Non-Central Gravitational Field of the Earth on the far Guidance Stage
Authors: Mironov Vyacheslav , Mironov Yuri , Fominov Ivan 
Published: February 2019

The article is devoted to the development of algorithms for calculating energy-optimal programs for controlling the approach of a spacecraft to an orbital object at the long-range guidance stage using the maximum principle L.S. Pontryagin. It is assumed that the spacecraft is equipped with a longitudinal propulsion system running on chemical fuel. The programs of optimal change in the second fuel consumption and the vector of cosine guides, which determine the orientation of the thrust force of the propulsion system, should be determined. As a criterion for optimal control, we consider a functional that determines the minimum consumption of the working fluid. The optimal control problem is solved in a limited region of the state space, which is determined by the range of variation of the angular range of the spacecraft within one revolution. The full equations of the boundary value problem of the maximum principle are given using the model of the object's motion in the normal gravitational field of the Earth, the boundary conditions, and also the analytical dependencies that determine the control structure in the optimal mode. The boundary optimization problem is solved with the Newton method. To determine the initial approximation of conjugate variables, an analytical solution is given to the problem of energy-optimal approach control in a uniform central field. The results of numerical studies of energy-optimal programs to control the interception in the normal gravitational field of the Earth with the final pitch at the stage of long-range guidance are presented. In general, the use of optimal approach control algorithms in the airborne and ground complex allows to reduce fuel costs when performing the maneuver, reduce time, and expand the reachability area of the target objects. In addition, the optimal solution can be considered as a reference, with which it is necessary to compare various variants of approximate control algorithms, evaluate their quality and make informed decisions on their practical use.
Towards Unsecurity of Two Homomorphic Encryptions Based on Residue System
Authors: Babenko Ludmila , Trepacheva Alina 
Published: February 2019

The security of two recently proposed symmetric homomorphic encryption schemes based on residue system is analyzed.
Both schemes have a high computational efficiency since using residue system naturally allows parallelizing computations. So they could be good candidates to protect the data in clouds. But to the best of our knowledge there is a lack of security analysis for these encryption schemes.
It should be noted that the first cryptosystem under our consideration was already considered in literature.
The sketch of adaptive chosen-plaintext attack was proposed and estimation of its success was given.
In this paper the attack is analyzed and it is shown that in some cases it may work incorrectly. Also more general algorithm of known-plaintext attack is presented. Theoretical estimations of probability to recover the key using it and practical estimations of this probability obtained during the experiments are provided.
The security of the second cryptosystem has not been analyzed yet and we fill this gap for known-plaintext attack. The dependency between the number of «plaintext, ciphertext» pairs required to recover the key and parameters of the cryptosystem is analyzed. Also some recommendations for increasing the security level are provided.
The final conclusion of our analysis is that both cryptosystems are vulnerable to known-plaintext attack. And it may be dangerous to encrypt private data using them.
Finally it should be noted that the key element of the proposed attacks is the algorithm of computing the greatest common divisor. So their computational complexity depends polynomially on the size of input data.
Medical Care for Children with Cancer in the Donetsk People’s Republic: Results of an Ecological Study in 2014–2017
Authors: Rykov M. Yu. , Inozemtsev I. N. , Kolomenskaya S. A. 
Published: February 2019

Background.Analysis of medical care delivery for children with cancer in armed conflict is highly important because the high-tech treatment in this context is extraordinary difficult and challenging task. Objective. Our aim was to analyze the morbidity and mortality rates in children with malignant tumors, to assess the pediatric patient capacity and medical service density in the Donetsk People’s Republic.Methods.The ecological study was conducted where the units of analysis were represented by the aggregated data of the Republican Cancer Registry on the number of primary and secondary patients with malignant and benign tumors, the deceased patients in the DNR in 2014–2017, pediatric patient capacity, and medical service density.Results.The number of pediatric patient capacity for children with cancer was 10 (0.27 per 10,000 children aged 0–17), pediatric patient capacity for children with hematological disorders — 40 (1.37 per 10,000 children aged 0–17). The treatment of children with cancer was performed by 5 healthcare providers: 1 pediatric oncologist (0.02 per 10,000 children aged 0–17), 3 hematologists (0.08 per 10,000 pediatric population aged 0–17), and 1 practitioner who did not have a specialist certificate in oncology. Morbidity rate for malignant neoplasms from 2014 to 2017 decreased by 25% (in 2014 — 9.6 per 10,000 children aged 0–17; in 2017 — 7.2). In the morbidity structure, the incidence proportion of hemoblastoses was 68.4%, brain tumors — 2.6%, other solid tumors — 29%. The death rate due to malignant neoplasms decreased by 37% (in 2014 — 2.7; in 2017 — 1.7).Conclusion.Low levels of the incidence rate and pattern of morbidity indicate defects in the identification and recording of patients. This explains the performance of the bed: low average bed occupancy per year and low turnover. For a reliable analysis of mortality statistical data is not available: in 2014–2015 only the number of in-hospital deceased patients is presented. Limited data is due to the lack of reliable patient catamnesis which is explained by the high rate of population migration.
Medical Care for Children with Cancer in the North-West Federal District of the Russian Federation: An Ecological Study
Authors: Rykov M. Yu. , Turabov I. A. 
Published: February 2019

Background.Analysis of statistical data in the federal districts of the Russian Federation provides opportunities to assess the quality of medical care delivery in children with cancer and plan further development with consideration for the point elimination of existing defects. Objective. Our aim was to analyze the main indicators characterizing medical care for children with cancer in the North-West Federal District.Methods.The study analyzed operative reports for 2017 provided by the executive public health authorities of 11 subjects of the Russian Federation affiliated to the North-West Federal District.Results.The pediatric population was 2 537 133 children (0–17 years), the pediatric oncological bed capacity — 174 (0.7 per 10 000 aged 0–17 years), the annual berth average occupancy — 290.7 days. 6 (54.5%) subjects did not provide pediatric population with departments of pediatric oncology, 4 (36.4%) subjects did not have bed capacity. The number of practitioners providing medical care to children with cancer was 38, 27 among them (71%; 0.1 per 10 thousand 0–17 years) had a certificate of pediatric oncologist. 2 (18.2%) subjects did not have pediatric oncologists in the medical stuff. The incidence of malignant tumors in children aged 0–17 was 15.6 (per 100,000), the prevalence was 92.6 (per 100,000), the mortality rate was 2.6 (per 100,000), one-year mortality rate — 4.5% (18/397). The number of patients identified actively was 11 (2.8%). 160 (40.3%) primary patients were sent to Federal medical facilities, 6 (1.5%) — left the territory of the Russian Federation for the further treatment.Conclusion.The incidence and mortality rates are rather low which indicates the defects in patient detection and lack of reliable follow-up data. The percentage of patients referred for treatment to Federal medical facilities is not very high; however, to interpret this indicator according to patient routing, we have to analyze the medical history of all the patients. We can assert that health care delivery service for children with oncological diseases is at an acceptable standard level but needs to be improved.
Venous Thrombosis in a Child with Burkitt Lymphoma Receiving Chemotherapy: A Clinical Case
Authors: Lisitsa T. S. , Zhukovskaya E. V. , Ikonnikova A. Yu. , Nasedkina T. V. 
Published: February 2019

Background. Venous thrombosis is extremely rare in children of early age; however, it occurs as a frequent and serious complication in children with hemoblastosis. The phenomenon is basically caused by the imbalance of blood coagulation system associated with the main disease, prolonged use of the central venous catheter, and polychemotherapy; hereditary predisposition contributes to the development of the complication as well. Clinical Case Description. A 12-year-old patient B. was diagnosed with Burkitt lymphoma. During chemotherapeutic treatment, the thrombosis of right internal jugular vein and right subclavian vein was registered. The thrombosis recurrence was observed at the end of specific therapy. The family history was burdened by cardiovascular and oncological diseases, consequently we performed the molecular-genetic analysis to reveal the presence of allelic variants associated with thrombophilia in the genes F2, F5, F9, F13A1, HABP2, HCF2, HRG, MTHFR, PLAT, PROC, PROS1, SERPINC1, THBD. The F5 gene Leiden mutation (c.1601G>A) in heterozygous state and intronic variant in the PROC gene encoding protein C (c.-21-37G>A) were revealed. The pharmacogenetic testing was conducted to personalize an ticoagulant and antiplatelet therapy.Conclusion. The detection of genetic risk factors for inherited thrombophilia is vital for early diagnostics of thrombotic complications in patients on chemotherapy. Key
Perspectiva socioeconómica de los vendedores informales de Chapinero
Authors: Rincón Báez William Umar , Soler Hurtado Andrea Johanna 
Published: February 2019

Introducción: Las ventas informales en la ciudad de Bogotá han aumentado, debido a la grave situación de desempleo que presenta el país.Metodología: La investigación es de tipo descriptivo, donde se buscó caracterizar socio- demográficamente la muestra, además de determinar los factores económicos del negocio y los productos financieros utilizados por los vendedores informales en Chapinero. Se utilizó como técnica el muestreo aleatorio simple, con una encuesta avalada por tres jueces. Resultados: Se ha encontrado que las políticas han sido ineficientes, generando diferentes problemáticas.Conclusiones: El desempleo así como la falta de recursos y acceso a préstamos como capital semilla, crean factores que ligados al problema social, encuentran en la informalidad una forma de subsistencia. En forma general en la ciudad se ve esta misma problemática y aún más en la localidad de Chapinero, por ser un sector financiero y comercial, lo cual hace que se creen las condiciones propicias para que la informalidad propenda y se multiplique, mostrando que las políticas de reubicación de los vendedores informales, realizadas por las diferentes administraciones distritales, hayan sido infructuosas.
ESMÉ SCOTT- STEVENSON VE KIBRIS
Authors: ÇOBAN DÖŞKAYA Füsun 
Published: February 2019

Tüm tarihi boyunca stratejik önemi
yüzünden sürekli olarak yabancı devletlerin ilgisini çeken Kıbrıs, Osmanlı'nın
1877-1878 Osmanlı-Rus savaşında yenilmesinin ardından İngiltere’nin girişim ve
politikaları sonucunda İngilizlere kiralanmış ancak Osmanlı mülkiyeti olmaya
devam etmiştir. Bu çalışma, Osmanlı’nın Kıbrıs’ın yönetimini İngiltere’ye
bıraktığı dönemin hemen ilk yıllarını konu alan ve İngiliz Esmé Scott-Stevenson
tarafından yazılmış olan Kıbrıs’taki Yuvamız (Our Home in Cyprus) (1879) isimli
eser hakkındadır. Kitap, İngiltere kraliçesi tarafından atanan Sir Garnet
Wolseley yönetiminde 1878’de İngilizler adaya Larnaka’dan çıktıklarında,
Kraliyet ordusunda görev yapan kocası Andrew Scott-Stevenson’un yanında
Kıbrıs'a gelen Esmé Scott-Stevenson’un anlatılarını içermektedir. Esmé Scott-Stevenson'un
Kıbrıs'taki Yuvamız adlı eseri kadın bakış açısı ile yazılmış kolonyal seyahat
yazısı örneğidir ve bir İngiliz kadının kocasının görevi nedeniyle geldiği yeri
ve insanlarını, siyasete karışmadan anlattığı bir eser olarak algılanmamalıdır.
Bu çalışmada, tarihsel arka planın verilmesinin ardından, eserin yazarından
bağımsız olmadığı görüşü ile metin içerisindeki tutarlılık ve tutarsızlıklar
irdelenmektedir. , Eserde, oryantalist
imgelerin yanı sıra metin aralarında kurgulanan en önemli konu Türk ve Rum
karşıtlığıdır. Bu karşıtlık, en genel haliyle iki toplumun birbiri ile
kıyaslanması şeklinde sunulurken özelde Türk ve Rum kadın tasvirleri aracılığı
ile güçlendirilmekte metin içerisinde sürekli yeniden üretilmektedir.
Cardiovascular risk and the possibility of its correction in women with premature ovarian insufficiency
Authors: Pozdnyakova A. A. , Marchenko L. A. , Runikhina N. K. 
Published: February 2019

Since recently, the association of premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) with an increased risk of mortality and morbidity caused by cardiovascular diseases (CVD) has been extensively discussed in the context of early detection and prevention of CVD in these patients.Aim: to evaluate the relative cardiovascular risk (CV risk) before and after hormone replacement therapy (HRT) in women with POI.Materials and methods. The study included 170 women aged from 18 to 40; among them, 85 women with POI and 85 women with regular periods. We evaluated the usual CV risk factors: smoking habits, arterial blood pressure, total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoproteins (LDL), high-density lipoproteins; in addition, we determined apolipoprotein B (Apo B), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), uric acid, and endotelin-1, as well as the functional markers: the right and left carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) and the brachial artery flow-mediated dilatation (FMD). The CV risk was calculated using the relative risk SCORE scale before and after HRT lasted for 12 months.Results. In the POI group, there were 3.8 times more women with a moderate CV risk (per the SCORE scale), whereas in the POI-free group, women with a low CV risk dominated. In addition, the levels of CV risk markers were 4-fold higher in patients with POI (high levels of Apo B, hs-CRP and uric acid, increased CIMT bilaterally, decreased FMD in the brachial artery). Cyclic HRT during 12 months contributed to the lipid profile normalization, decrease in TC, LDL and FMD in the brachial artery as well as to the decrease of relative CV risk in general.Conclusion. The estrogen deficiency in patients with POI is an independent factor in the increased relative risk of CVD. The HRT has anti-atherogenic, antiinflammatory, and angioprotective effects, regulates the production of endothelium-dependent factors of vasoconstriction and vasodilation, leading to a reduction in the relative risk of CVD in general.
Background and precancerous processes in the vulva and vagina: etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment
Authors: Solopova A. G. , Tselovalnikova E. V. , Moskvichyova V. S. , Blbulyan T. A. , Shkoda A. S. , Makatsariya A. D. 
Published: February 2019

Leukoplakia, kraurosis and pointed condylomas (papillomas) of the vulva represent the group of background benign vulvar diseases. Vulvar and vaginal intraepithelial neoplasms are classified as premalignant conditions. The etiology and pathogenesis of these diseases are not entirely clear due to their complexity. Despite the easy visual assessment of anatomic areas involved in the pathological process, these diseases are rarely diagnosed at an early stage, which might indicate insufficient vigilance of doctors and patients in relation to the early symptoms. Therefore, this field of oncogynecology needs further development ln terms of diagnosisprevention, screening and treatment.
Topical issues of prevention, diagnosis and treatment of vulvar and vaginal cancer
Authors: Solopova A. G. , Moskvichyova V. S. , Blbulyan T. A. , Shkoda A. S. , Makatsariya A. D. 
Published: February 2019

Vulvar cancer is a rare malignant tumor with the incidence rate of is 3–8 % of the total incidence of female genital malignant diseases. This disease is the 4th common cause of mortality (after cervical, endometrial and ovarian cancers) and accounts for 18.2 % of the total lethal outcomes. The anatomical structure of the external female organs with their extensive lymphatic and vascular networks contribute to the aggressive course, the trend to metastasize and rapid tumor growth. Progress in the timely diagnosis of vulvar and vaginal cancer is directly linked to increased competence and oncological vigilance among general practitioners and healthcare institutions. It is up to the primary care providers to identify women at risk or at the initial stages of cancer, and refer them to specialized medical facilities for further diagnostics and treatment. The high mortality from these diseases may be linked to the late detection and to the suboptimal therapy, which necessitates further research in this area.
Bir üniversite hastanesinin yoğun bakım ünitelerinde maliyet analizi
Authors: KARA İskender , KARA İnci , BAYRAKTAR Yeşim Şerife , ÇİÇEKCİ Faruk , YILMAZ Hüseyin , DUMAN Ateş , ÇELİK Jale Bengi 
Published: February 2019

Amaç: Hastanelerde yüksek maliyetin sorun olduğu birimlerin arasında yoğun bakım üniteleri önemli yer tutmaktadır. Bu ünitelerde verilen hizmetin kalitesini ve devamlılığını sağlayabilmek için hastaneler belirli dönemlerde maliyet analizi yapmalıdır. Biz bu çalışmada üçüncü seviye hastanemizde bulunan yoğun bakım ünitelerinin bazı genel özelliklerini ve gelir-gider durumlarını ortaya koymayı amaçladık. Gereç ve Yöntem: Mayıs 2017-Mayıs 2018 tarihleri arasında 11 adet yoğun bakım ünitesine yatan toplam 5722 hastanın bazı demografik verileri, yoğun bakım ünitelerinin özellikleri ve gelir-gider durumları kaydedilip karşılaştırma yapıldı.Bulgular: Kardiyoloji, iç hastalıkları, çocuk hastalıkları, beyin cerrahi ve anestezi yoğun bakımların doluluk oranları daha yüksek olmuştur. Ortalama yoğun bakım yatış süreleri ise çocuk hastalıkları, yenidoğan, anestezi ve nöroloji yoğun bakımlarda daha yüksek olmuştur. Mortalite oranları yenidoğan ve kardiyoloji yoğun bakımlarda daha düşük olurken, en yüksek oran göğüs hastalıkları yoğun bakımda tespit edilmiştir (Sırasıyla %1, %4,5 ve %51,2). Yoğun bakımların giderleri birinci, ikinci ve üçüncü kısım olarak gruplandırılarak hesaplandı. Gelirler ise basamaklarına göre hesaplandıktan sonra aradaki gelirler ve giderler arasındaki fark bulundu. Yoğun bakımların toplam giderleri 30.498.563,49 TL olurken, gelir 30.555.040,35 TL olmuştur. Sonuçta 56.476,86 TL fark elde edilmiştir.Sonuç: Sosyal Güvenlik Kurumu tarafından basamak sistemi esas alınarak yapılan yoğun bakım geri ödemelerinin toplamda hastanelerin bu alandaki maliyetleri için yeterli olduğu görülmüştür.
Maternal body mass index and feto-maternal outcome: a comparative study
Authors: Hemalatha N. , . Shanthini 
Published: February 2019

Background: Increasing BMI in women poses multiple threat of illness especially in the reproductive age group impacting pregnancy. Pregnant women with overweight and obesity are at a higher risk of developing complications at all stages of the physiological pregnancy. A focus on the methods to prevent this trend of increasing weight gain in adolescence is essential curb the complications due to obesity.Methods: This prospective study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Madras Medical College, Chennai. Written informed consent was obtained and pregnant women visiting the antenatal OP were registered. Detailed history taking and examination was carried out with the measurement of body mass index as weight in kg/height in meter square. The women were followed up for the antepartum, intrapartum, post-partum variables and neonatal outcome.Results: Two hundred pregnant women with high BMI >25 kg/m2 and two hundred pregnant women with normal BMI were selected and were followed prospectively. Present study showed an increased incidence of pre-eclampsia in patients with high BMI (28% as compared to 8% of the normal BMI) and a higher incidence of Gestational diabetes mellitus among women with high BMI with a value of 27.5 % compared to a value of 7.5% in women with normal BMI. Caesarean delivery was found in 54.5% of the high BMI mothers compared to 31.5% in normal BMI mothers. Postoperatively, wound gaping was found with an incidence of 4.5% in high BMI mothers. IUGR was found in 10% of babies of women with high BMI and still birth occurred in 2.5% of deliveries of high BMI mothers compared to 0.5% in mothers of normal BMI group.Conclusions: The obstetrician needs to be well versed with dietary advice and life style pattern advice to the women of the reproductive age group in order to prevent the complications of high Body mass index in pregnancy. Its imperative to counsel these women about the pre-pregnancy loss of weight, healthy food and exercise, and healthy life style pattern during pregnancy in order to have a healthy outcome.