bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ascitic fluid total protein, a useful marker in non‐portal hypertensive ascites
Authors: Zhu Shenghua , Du Li , Xu Dong , Lu Zhiwen , Xu Ting , Li Jin , Xu Keshu , Ye Jin , Song Yuhu 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackground and AimsDiagnostic performance of ascitic fluid total protein (AFTP) concentration remained unsettled. Our aim was to determine diagnostic value of AFTP in differential diagnosis of causes of ascites.MethodsSeven hundred four consecutive patients with new‐onset ascites were prospectively enrolled in this study.ResultsIn the training cohort, diagnostic performance of quantitative AFTP assay was superior to that of Rivalta test in differential diagnosis of ascites. At the predetermined cut‐off value of 25 g/L, quantitative AFTP assay was more useful in the differentiation of non‐portal hypertensive ascites from portal hypertensive ascites compared with the exudate–transudate classification, area under curve of receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.958. Quantitative AFTP assay was superior to serum–ascites albumin gradient in the detection of non‐portal hypertensive ascites, especially malignant ascites and tuberculous peritonitis. In mixed ascites, AFTP was useful in identifying peritoneal lesions.ConclusionsAscitic fluid total protein is a useful marker in non‐portal hypertensive ascites; thus, it should be determined in diagnostic work‐up of the patients with ascites.
Contrasting patterns of ERK activation in the tail of the striatum in response to aversive and rewarding signals
Authors: Gangarossa Giuseppe , Castell Laia , Castro Liliana , Tarot Pauline , Veyrunes Frederic , Vincent Pierre , Bertaso Federica , Valjent Emmanuel 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe caudal part of the striatum, also named the tail of the striatum (TS), defines a fourth striatal domain. Determining whether rewarding, aversive and salient stimuli regulate the activity of striatal spiny projections neurons (SPNs) of the TS is therefore of paramount importance to understand its functions, which remain largely elusive. Taking advantage of genetically encoded biosensors (A‐kinase activity reporter 3) to record protein kinase A signals and by analyzing the distribution of dopamine D1R‐ and D2R‐SPNs in the TS, we characterized three subterritories: a D2R/A2aR‐lacking, a D1R/D2R‐intermingled and a D1R/D2R‐SPNs‐enriched area (corresponding to the amygdalostriatal transition). In addition, we provide evidence that the distribution of D1R‐ and D2R‐SPNs in the TS is evolutionarily conserved (mouse, rat, gerbil). The in vivo analysis of extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK) phosphorylation in these TS subterritories in response to distinct appetitive, aversive and pharmacological stimuli revealed that SPNs of the TS are not recruited by stimuli triggering innate aversive responses, fasting, satiety, or palatable signals whereas a reduction in ERK phosphorylation occurred following learned avoidance. In contrast, D1R‐SPNs of the intermingled and D2R/A2aR‐lacking areas were strongly activated by both D1R agonists and psychostimulant drugs (d‐amphetamine, cocaine, 3,4‐methyl enedioxy methamphetamine, or methylphenidate), but not by hallucinogens. Finally, a similar pattern of ERK activation was observed by blocking selectively dopamine reuptake. Together, our results reveal that the caudal TS might participate in the processing of specific reward signals and discrete aversive stimuli.
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Cover Image for this issue: doi: 10.1111/jnc.14526.Open Science: This manuscript was awarded with the Open Materials BadgeFor more information see: https://cos.io/our-services/open-science-badges/
Understanding the Relationship Between Staff and Job Satisfaction, Stress, Turnover, and Staff Outcomes in the Person‐Centered Care Nursing Home Arena
Authors: Rajamohan Santhiny , Porock Davina , Chang Yu‐Ping 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe provision of quality care in nursing home (NH) facilities is an ongoing challenge, and the literature indicates that the quality of care (QOC) is often suboptimal. While it is highly recommended that NH facilities adopt a culture of person‐centered care (PCC) to ensure quality care, the outcomes of this shift on staff working in NH settings has not been well studied. The purpose of this article was to understand the theoretical relationship between staff and job satisfaction, stress, turnover, and staff outcomes in PCC NH settings, by utilizing Cohen‐Mansfield's (1995) comprehensive occupational stress model.MethodsAn integrative review of the electronic databases of research published in English between 2000 and 2015 was conducted.ResultsA review of 11 papers suggested that job satisfaction in the nursing workforce is positively related to consistency in QOC delivery and increased quality of life among residents in NHs. Management support and PCC practices positively correlate with improved QOC, staff satisfaction, and staff retention.ConclusionsThis review showed that PCC intervention and training representing the key concept of workplace resources has a positive impact on NH staff job stress and satisfaction.Clinical RelevanceSupporting the NH workforce through PCC training is essential for promoting job satisfaction and reducing job‐related stress as well as turnover, which in turn will improve QOC delivered to the residents living in NHs.
Response pattern analysis of IBD‐KID: A knowledge assessment tool for children with inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Vernon‐Roberts Angharad , Otley Anthony , Frampton Chris , Gearry Richard B , Day Andrew S 
Published: June 2019

AimPaediatric inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic relapsing condition requiring adherence to complex treatment regimens to achieve best outcomes. Adherence is frequently low in this population but can be improved by increasing disease‐ and treatment‐related knowledge. The IBD‐knowledge inventory device (IBD‐KID) is a knowledge assessment tool specifically developed and validated for children with IBD. To analyse IBD‐KID participant response patterns in order to review the strength of the tool.MethodsA cohort of children with IBD completed IBD‐KID, and their responses were used to assess the tool's validity and feasibility. Item response analysis assessed the item difficulty and the ability of items to discriminate between high/low scorers. The analysis considered item structure, readability and the effectiveness of multiple choice items.ResultsA total of 105 completed IBD‐KID assessments showed that 12 items (52%) had an acceptable difficulty level, and 17 (74%) were effective at discriminating between high/low scorers. Nine (61%) had good readability, but comprehension levels ranged from 5 to 18 years. Seven (30%) had elevated ‘don't know’ responses, highlighting the need for content and construction review. Of the 10 multiple choice items, 9 were complex and not functioning efficiently. Internal consistency was acceptable but could be improved by removing two items.ConclusionsThe response analysis metrics were reviewed by an expert panel and provided a framework for IBD‐KID improvements with the aim of increasing discrimination and reducing difficulty without adversely affecting reliability. The proposed revisions will address components that may have caused children to answer incorrectly due to confusion rather than lack of knowledge.
Baseline risk factors determine lack of biochemical response after SVR in chronic hepatitis C patients treated with DAAs
Authors: Tacke Frank , Boeker Klaus H.W. , Klinker Hartwig , Heyne Renate , Buggisch Peter , Pathil Anita , Wiegand Johannes , Cornberg Markus , Lange Christian , Berg Thomas , Zeuzem Stefan , Mauss Stefan 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackground and AimsLiver function tests (alanine aminotransferase, ALT; gamma‐glutamyltransferase, GGT) not always normalize after elimination of hepatitis C virus (HCV) by direct acting antivirals (DAAs), possibly indicating concomitant non‐viral liver diseases. We analysed factors determining the biochemical response (normalized ALT/GGT) of DAA therapy in a large real‐world cohort.MethodThe German Hepatitis C‐Registry is a national multicenter registry study. Normal ALT was defined ≤35 U/L (female) and ≤50 U/L (male) or, according to AASLD, ≤19 U/L (female) and ≤30 U/L (male), normal GGT ≤40 U/L (female) and ≤60 U/L (male).ResultsAt baseline, ALT was elevated in 3705/4946 (74.9%), ALT (AASLD) in 4669/4946 (94.4%) and GGT in 3018/4906 (61.5%). In this study, 97% of patients achieved SVR12. At week 12 after end of therapy, ALT was elevated in 451/4946 (9.1%), ALT according to AASLD in 1906/4946 (38.5%) and GGT in 863/4879 (17.7%). Persistently elevated ALT after DAA therapy was independently associated with high body mass index (BMI), age <70 years, liver cirrhosis, diabetes, alcohol consumption and not achieving SVR12. Using the stricter AASLD criteria, opioid substitution and male sex were additional predictors. Higher GGT at week 12 was associated with high BMI, age >70 years, liver cirrhosis, diabetes, alcohol consumption, opioid substitution and non‐SVR. Importantly, persistently elevated liver tests after treatment, particularly GGT, were associated with hepatic decompensation and mortality during 4‐years follow‐up.ConclusionRisk factors at baseline (obesity, diabetes, liver cirrhosis, alcohol consumption) are independently associated with persistently elevated liver function tests after SVR, indicating that these patients warrant further hepatological follow‐up. Clinical trial registration: German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS; ID DRKS00009717).
Guidelines on management of cyclic vomiting syndrome in adults by the American Neurogastroenterology and Motility Society and the Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome Association
Authors: Venkatesan Thangam , Levinthal David J. , Tarbell Sally E. , Jaradeh Safwan S. , Hasler William L. , Issenman Robert M. , Adams Kathleen A. , Sarosiek Irene , Stave Christopher D. , Sharaf Ravi N. , Sultan Shahnaz , Li B U. K. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe increasing recognition of cyclic vomiting syndrome (CVS) in adults prompted the development of these evidence‐based guidelines on the management of CVS in adults, which was sponsored by the American Neurogastroenterology and Motility Society (ANMS) and the Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome Association (CVSA). GRADE (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation) framework was used and a professional librarian performed the literature search. The expert committee included the President of the CVSA who brought a patient perspective into the deliberations. The committee makes recommendations for the prophylaxis of CVS, treatment of acute attacks, diagnosis, and overall management of CVS. The committee strongly recommends that adults with moderate‐to‐severe CVS receive a tricyclic antidepressant (TCA), such as amitriptyline, as a first‐line prophylactic medication and receive topiramate or aprepitant as alternate prophylactic medications. Zonisamide or levetiracetam and mitochondrial supplements (Coenzyme Q10, L‐carnitine, and riboflavin) are conditionally recommended as alternate prophylactic medications, either alone or concurrently with other prophylactic medications. For acute attacks, the committee conditionally recommends using serotonin antagonists, such as ondansetron, and/or triptans, such as sumatriptan or aprepitant to abort symptoms. Emergency department treatment is best achieved with the use of an individualized treatment protocol and shared with the care team (example provided). The committee recommended screening and treatment for comorbid conditions such as anxiety, depression, migraine headache, autonomic dysfunction, sleep disorders, and substance use with referral to appropriate allied health services as indicated. Techniques like meditation, relaxation, and biofeedback may be offered as complementary therapy to improve overall well‐being and patient care outcomes.
Management of cyclic vomiting syndrome in adults: Evidence review
Authors: Sharaf Ravi N. , Venkatesan Thangam , Shah Raj , Levinthal David J. , Tarbell Sally E. , Jaradeh Safwan S. , Hasler William L. , Issenman Robert M. , Adams Kathleen A. , Sarosiek Irene , Stave Christopher D. , Li B U. K. , Sultan Shahnaz 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundThis evidence review was conducted to inform the accompanying clinical practice guideline on the management of cyclic vomiting syndrome (CVS) in adults.MethodsWe followed the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) framework and focused on interventions aimed at prophylactic management and abortive treatment of adults with CVS. Specifically, this evidence review addresses the following clinical questions: (a) Should the following pharmacologic agents be used for prophylaxis of CVS: amitriptyline, topiramate, aprepitant, zonisamide/levetiracetam, or mitochondrial supplements? (b) Should the following pharmacologic agents be used for abortive treatment: triptans or aprepitant?ResultsWe found very low_quality evidence to support the use of the following agents for prophylactic and abortive treatment of CVS: amitriptyline, topiramate, aprepitant, zonisamide/levetiracetam, and mitochondrial supplements. We have moderate certainty of evidence for the use of triptans as abortive therapy. We found limited evidence to support the use of ondansetron and the treatment of co_morbid conditions and complementary therapies.ConclusionsThis evidence review helps inform the accompanying guideline for the management of adults with CVS which is aimed at helping clinicians, patients, and policymakers, and should improve patient outcomes.
Cyclic vomiting syndrome: Pathophysiology, comorbidities, and future research directions
Authors: Hasler William L. , Levinthal David J. , Tarbell Sally E. , Adams Kathleen A. , Li B U. K. , Issenman Robert M. , Sarosiek Irene , Jaradeh Safwan S. , Sharaf Ravi N. , Sultan Shahnaz , Venkatesan Thangam 
Published: June 2019

AbstractCyclic vomiting syndrome (CVS) is characterized by severe episodic emesis in adults and children. Cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome is an increasingly recognized CVS‐like illness that has been associated with chronic cannabis use. There are significant gaps in our understanding of the pathophysiology, clinical features, comorbidities, and effective management options of CVS. Recommendations for treating CVS are based on limited clinical data, as no placebo‐controlled, randomized trials have yet been conducted. Diseases associated with CVS, including migraine, mitochondrial disorders, autonomic dysfunction, and psychiatric comorbidities, provide clues about pathophysiologic mechanisms and suggest potential therapies. We review our current understanding of CVS and propose future research directions with the aim of developing effective therapy. Establishing a multicenter, standardized registry of CVS patients could drive research on multiple fronts including developing CVS‐specific outcome measures to broaden our understanding of clinical profiles, to serve as treatment end points in clinical trials, and to provide a platform for patient recruitment for randomized clinical trials. Such a robust database would also facilitate conduct of research that aims to determine the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms and genetic basis for CVS, as well as identifying potential biomarkers for the disorder. Soliciting government and industry support is crucial to establishing the necessary infrastructure and achieving these goals. Patient advocacy groups such as the Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome Association (CVSA), which partner with clinicians and researchers to disseminate new information, to promote ongoing interactions between patients, their families, clinicians, investigators, to support ongoing CVS research and education, must be an integral part of this endeavor.
Health literacy, depression, and stress among Chinese immigrants in South Korea
Authors: An Ji‐Young , Moon Hyunjung , Cha Sunkyung 
Published: June 2019

AbstractObjectivesThis study examined health literacy, depression, and stress in Chinese immigrants living in South Korea, and analyzed factors related to these outcomes.DesignThis is a cross‐sectional, descriptive study.SampleParticipants were 128 adult Chinese immigrants living in the Jung‐gu District of Seoul, South Korea. The majority of the participants were women and in their 40s; had a high school diploma; and were employed and married. Most had lived in Korea for 5–10 years.MeasurementsOutcome variables were health literacy, depression, and immigrant stress; independent variables were sociodemographic characteristics, language proficiency, health, and behavioral factors. Hierarchical multiple regression models based on the conceptual framework were tested.ResultsThe major factor influencing health literacy was perceived economic status (p = 0.021). The factors related to depression were life satisfaction in China (p = 0.032), life satisfaction in Korea (p = 0.040), and stress perception in everyday life (p = 0.001).ConclusionsAs the number of immigrants rises, there is increasing demand for public‐health‐center‐based health promotion programs for immigrants. It is recommended that local public health practitioners, including public health nurses, closely analyze the characteristics of their community and immigrants, and develop and implement customized programs accordingly.
Optimization of the Aflatoxin Monitoring Costs along the Maize Supply Chain
Authors: Focker M. , van der Fels‐Klerx H. J. , Oude Lansink A. G. J. M. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAn optimization model was used to gain insight into cost‐effective monitoring plans for aflatoxins along the maize supply chain. The model was based on a typical Dutch maize chain, with maize grown in the Black Sea region, and transported by ship to the Netherlands for use as an ingredient in compound feed for dairy cattle. Six different scenarios, with different aflatoxin concentrations at harvest and possible aflatoxin production during transport, were used. By minimizing the costs and using parameters such as the concentration, the variance of the sampling plan, and the monitoring and replacement costs, the model optimized the control points (CPs; e.g., after harvest, before or after transport by sea ship), the number of batches sampled at the CP, and the number of samples per batch. This optimization approach led to an end‐of‐chain aflatoxin concentration below the predetermined limit. The model showed that, when postharvest aflatoxin production was not possible, it was most cost‐effective to collect samples from all batches and replace contaminated batches directly after the harvest, since the replacement costs were the lowest at the origin of the chain. When there was aflatoxin production during storage, it was most cost‐effective to collect samples and replace contaminated batches after storage and transport to avoid the duplicate before and after monitoring and replacement costs. Further along the chain a contaminated batch is detected, the more stakeholders are involved, the more expensive the replacement costs and possible recall costs become.
Randomized clinical study to compare negative pressure wound therapy with simultaneous saline irrigation and traditional negative pressure wound therapy for complex foot infections
Authors: Davis Kathryn E. , La Fontaine Javier , Farrar David , Oz Orhan K. , Crisologo Peter A. , Berriman Sandra , Lavery Lawrence A. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of different negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) devices and NPWT with and without simultaneous irrigation in patients admitted to hospital with moderate and severe foot infections. Ninety patients were randomized in a 12‐week prospective, randomized noninferiority trial to compare wound healing in patients with moderate and severe infected foot wounds treated with NPWT after surgery. Inclusion criteria included ABI > 0.5 or toe pressures >30 PVR/mmHg, >18 years of age and exclusion included active Charcot arthropathy, collagen vascular disease, HIV, and hypercoagulable state. We compared two different traditional devices, NPWT‐K (KCI, VAC Ulta) and NPWT‐C (Cardinal, PRO), and NPWT‐I with saline irrigation (Cardinal, PRO). All patients had therapy delivered at 125 mmHg continuous pressure. In patients who received simultaneous saline irrigation (NPWT‐I), the administration rate was 15 ml per hour. The primary outcome was the proportion of healed wounds in 12 weeks. Secondary outcomes included surgical wound closure, number of surgeries, length of stay, and time to wound healing. Continuous data was presented as mean ± standard deviation. Analysis of variance was used to compare continuous variables and chi‐square to compare dichotomous variables with an alpha of 0.05. There were no differences in outcomes among NPWT‐I, NPWT‐C, and NPWT‐K groups in proportion of healed wounds (63.3%, 50.0%, 46.7% p = 0.39), surgical wound closure (83.3%, 80.0%, 63.3%, p = 0.15), number of surgeries (2.0 ± 0.49, 2.4 ± 0.77, 2.4 ± 0.68, p = 0.06), length of stay (16.3 ± 15.7, 14.7 ± 7.4, 15.3 ± 10.5 days, p = 0.87), time to wound healing (46.2 ± 22.8, 40.9 ± 18.8, 45.9 ± 28.3 days, p = 0.78). We did not identify any significant differences in clinical outcomes or adverse events between patients treated with different NPWT devices or NPWT with and without irrigation.
Water Footprint Assessment of Rice Production in Malaysia Using LCA Approach
Authors: Mohamed Rusli Nurfarhain , Zainon Noor Zainura , Mat Taib Shazwin , Han Pang Chien 
Published: June 2019

The demand for rice in year 2030 is projected to be around 533 million ton of milled rice and known to be a high water consuming crop. In Asia alone, irrigated rice consumes as much as 150 billion m3 of water. With water being the most important component for rice production, yielding more rice with less water is therefore a formidable challenge. The aim of this study is to assess the water footprint of paddy plantation at Muda Rice Granary, Kedah for five consecutive years; 2012 to 2016. By using the life cycle assessment (LCA) approach, the potential environmental impacts due to water consumption in planting and processing rice will be assessed. By integrating water footprint with LCA may assist in analysing environmental impacts associated with direct and indirect water consumption throughout the whole process; starting from raw material extraction, processing or production, distribution, use, and disposal. The methodological framework follows the LCA framework; setting up goal and specifying the scope of study, followed by inventory analysis, water footprint sustainability assessment and finally interpretation or response formulation. The research boundary for this study include the growing phase of paddy; seedling and cultivating of the paddy until the rice milling process. By implementing this water footprint research in paddy field, it will be essential not only in research area but also in agricultural development in Malaysia. Consequently, it will become the baseline for other agricultural in Malaysia in this research area.