bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
LncRNA XIST facilitates proliferation and epithelial–mesenchymal transition of colorectal cancer cells through targeting miR‐486‐5p and promoting neuropilin‐2
Authors: Liu Aihua , Liu Lihua , Lu Hang 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThis study was designed to acertain whether the long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) X‐inactive specific transcript (XIST)/miR‐486‐5p/neuropilin‐2 (NRP‐2) pathway might promote the viability and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) of colorectal cancer (CRC) cells. In this investigation, we included 317 pathologically confirmed CRC patients and purchased several human CRC cells (i.e. HCT116, HT29, SW620, and SW480). Moreover, pcDNA3.1‐XIST, si‐XIST, miR‐486‐5p mimic, miR‐486‐5p inhibitor, and pcDNA3.1‐NRP‐2 were transfected into the CRC cells. And the dual‐luciferase reporter gene assay managed to verify the targeted relationships among XIST, miR‐486‐5p, and NRP‐2. Ultimately, the MTT assay, flow cytometry, colony formation assay, and transwell assay were carried out to assess the influence of XIST, miR‐486‐5p, and NRP‐2 on the proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion of CRC cells. Our study results demonstrated that CRC tissues and cells were detected with significantly elevated XIST and NRP‐2 expressions as well as markedly reduced miR‐486‐5p expression when compared with normal tissues and cells (all
p < 0.05). Besides this, the highly expressed XIST and NRP‐2, as well as the lowly expressed miR‐486‐5p all could substantially encourage proliferation and EMT of CRC cells and simultaneously restrict apoptosis of the cells (
p < 0.05). Moreover, XIST was found to directly target miR‐486‐5p, and NRP‐2 was directly targeted and modulated by miR‐486‐5p. Finally, CRC cells of the miR‐NC + pcDNA3.1‐NRP‐2 groups showed stronger proliferation, viability, and EMT than those of miR‐NC and miR‐486‐5p mimic groups (
p < 0.05). In conclusion, the XIST/miR‐486
‐5p/NRP‐2 axis appeared to participate in the progression of CRC, which could assist in developing efficacious therapies for CRC.
Strong binding active constituents of phytochemical to BMPR1A promote bone regeneration: In vitro, in silico docking, and in vivo studies
Authors: Rasoulian Bita , Almasi Amin , Hoveizi Elham , Bagher Zohre , Hayat Parisa , Joghataei Mohammad Taghi , Rezayat Seyed Mahdi , Tavakol Shima 
Published: January 2019

AbstractTwo of the most problematic orthopedic and neurosurgeon visits are associated with spine and craniofacial fractures. Therefore, more attention needs to be paid to finding a medicine to repair these fractures. Amongst the most mysterious herbs, Aloe vera stands out. In the present study, the ameliorating function of
A. vera on osteogenesis was studied in vitro and in vivo. Osteoblast‐like cells were exposed to
A. vera, followed by analysis of cell viability, lactate dehydrogenase release, and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. The results showed an enhanced cell biocompatibility in a dose‐dependent manner due to attenuated intracellular ROS production. Furthermore, a docking study indicated that the strong affinity of
A. vera constituents to type I bone morphogenic protein receptor (BMPR1A) without the involvement of the BMPR1A chain B. The induction of osteogenesis prompts extracellular calcium deposition by osteoblasts, which affirms successful in vitro bone regeneration. However, injection of
A. vera in rats with critical size calvarial defects induced Runx2, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), OCN, and BMP2 genes overexpression, which led to the formation of victorious bone with enhanced bone density and ALP activity. It is worthy to note that Aloin has the highest affinity to BMPR1A, whereas there are no reports regarding the impact of Aloenin, Aloesin, and γ‐sitosterol on osteogenesis. Furthermore, some of them have antitumor potency, and it might be proposed that they are considered as a bone substitute in the osteotomy site of osteosarcoma with the aim of bone recovery and suppression of osteosarcoma. The whole consequences of this investigation manifests the plausibility of using
A. vera as an antioxidant and osteoconductive substitute.
Salidroside promotes rat spinal cord injury recovery by inhibiting inflammatory cytokine expression and NF‐κB and MAPK signaling pathways
Authors: Su Yiji , Zong Shaohui , Wei Chengming , Song Fangming , Feng Haotian , Qin An , Lian Zhen , Fu Fangsheng , Shao Siyuan , Fang Fang , Wu Tailai , Xu Jiake , Liu Qian , Zhao Jinmin 
Published: January 2019

AbstractSpinal cord injury (SCI) is a public health problem in the world. The SCI usually triggers an excessive inflammatory response that brings about a secondary tissue wreck leading to further cellular and organ dysfunction. Hence, there is great potential of reducing inflammation for therapeutic strategies of SCI. In this study, we aim to investigate if Salidroside (SAD) exerts an anti‐inflammatory effect and promotes recovery of motor function on SCI through suppressing nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB) and the mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways. In vitro, real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were used to examine the inhibitory effect of SAD on the expression and release of interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β), interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) and tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) activated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in astrocytes. In addition, SAD was found to inhibit NF‐κB, p38 and extracellular‐regulated protein kinases (ERK) signaling pathways by western blot analysis. Further, in vivo study showed that SAD was able to improve hind limb motor function and reduce tissue damage accompanied by the suppressed expression of inflammatory cytokines IL‐1β, IL‐6, and TNF‐α. Overall, SAD could reduce the inflammatory response and promote motor function recovery in rats after SCI by inhibiting NF‐κB, p38, and ERK signaling pathways.
Association between indel polymorphism (rs145204276) in the promoter region of lncRNA GAS5 and the risk of febrile convulsion
Authors: Xiang Wenna , Li Zhishu , Lin Zongze , You Keyou , Pan Minli , Zheng Ge 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to explore the regulatory relationship between growth arrest special 5 (GAS5) and interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β) implicated in the development of febrile seizure (FS).MethodThe presence of FS and the genotype of GAS5 were used as two different indicators to divide the 50 newborn babies, recruited in this study, into different groups. The potential regulatory relationship among GAS5, miR‐21, and IL‐1β was identified by measuring their expression using quantitative reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry assays among different sample groups. Computational analyses and luciferase assays were also conducted to verify the interaction between GAS5, miR‐21, and IL‐1β.ResultGAS5 and IL‐1β expression was upregulated in cells collected from FS patients or genotyped as INS/DEL and DEL/DEL, whereas the expression of miR‐21 was decreased in above samples, indicating a negative relationship between miR‐21 and GAS5/IL‐1β. Results of the computational analysis showed that miR‐21 directly bound to and increased the expression of GAS5, whereas the expression of IL‐1β was suppressed by miR‐21. In the presence of GAS5, the expression of miR‐21 was lowered, whereas the expression of IL‐1β was increased.ConclusionThe results obtained in this study supported the conclusion that GAS5 negatively regulated the expression of miR‐21, which in turn negatively regulated the expression IL‐1β. Therefore, the overexpression of GAS5 could decrease the magnitude of FS.
Expression profile of circular RNA in rat intimal hyperplasia and target gene prediction
Authors: Li Tao , Rong Zhi‐Hua , Chang Neng‐Bin , Liu Xing , Xu Jia‐Ying , Liu Dong , Shi Cong‐Cong , Zhang Wen‐Yi , Jiang Rui , Jiang Jun 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIntimal hyperplasia is an important cause of stenosis or occlusion after vascular injury. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are known to be related to various cardiovascular diseases. However, the expression profile of circRNAs in the neointima has not been reported in detail. In this study, we established a rat common carotid artery (CCA) injury model. A microarray detection showed significant differences in circRNA expression between the normal and injured CCA. Real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction verified the differences. We used bioinformatics to predict the microRNAs that possibly interact with the differentially expressed (DE) circRNAs and linked the potential functions of circRNAs to the target genes of the microRNAs. We believe that the DE circRNA in neointima may affect the differentiation, proliferation, and migration of vascular cells through a variety of target genes. The intervention or utilization of certain circRNAs should be a new method for preventing and treating intimal hyperplasia.
Flawed methods and inappropriate conclusions for health policy on overweight and obesity: the Global BMI Mortality Collaboration meta‐analysis
Authors: Flegal Katherine M. , Ioannidis John P.A. , Doehner Wolfram 
Published: January 2019

Guideline recommendations and health policy decisions rely on evidence from clinical and epidemiological studies. Adequate methodology and appropriate conclusions are essential to support healthcare and health policy decisions. An analysis of body mass index and mortality by the Global BMI Mortality Collaboration (GBMC) concluded that the association of excess body weight with higher mortality was similar worldwide and that overweight and obesity should be combated everywhere. To reach this conclusion, the GBMC used highly selected data, rather than a systematic approach. The GBMC initially chose individual participant data from 239 prospective studies with approximately 10.6 million participants. The GBMC then excluded over 60% of data and over 75% of fatal events by eliminating all cases with any reported disease at baseline or smoking history and all events within the first 5 years of follow‐up. After applying these restrictions, the association of overweight with lower mortality was reversed and the association of obesity with higher mortality was increased. Given the major flaws in the selection process, in the adequacy of the data, in the data analysis, and in the interpretation, the GBMC conclusions should be viewed sceptically as a guide to action, either for clinical decisions or for public health in general. The flawed conclusion that overweight is uniformly associated with substantially increased risk of death and thus should be combated in any circumstances may lead not only to unjustified treatment efforts and potential harm in a wide range of clinical conditions but also to a tremendous waste of resources.
“In the United States, we say, ‘No breastfeeding,’ but that is no longer realistic”: provider perspectives towards infant feeding among women living with HIV in the United States
Authors: Tuthill Emily L , Tomori Cecilia , Van Natta Meredith , Coleman Jenell S 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIntroductionCurrently, the United States (U.S.) recommends that infants born to women living with HIV (WLHIV) be fed formula, whereas many low‐resource settings follow the World Health Organization's recommendation to exclusively breastfeed with ongoing antiretroviral therapy. Evidence on infant feeding among WLHIV in high‐resource countries suggest that these contrasting recommendations create challenges for providers and patients. Our study used multiple methods to understand providers’ infant feeding perspectives on caring for their pregnant and post‐partum WLHIV in the U.S.MethodsWe sent a survey (n = 93) to providers across the U.S. who have cared for WLHIV. A subset of survey participants opted into a follow‐up qualitative interview (n = 21). These methods allowed us to capture a broad understanding of provider attitudes via the survey and more nuanced qualitative interviews. The study was completed prior to an updated breastfeeding section of the U.S. Perinatal Guidelines.ResultsThe majority of providers (66.7%) discussed infant feeding intent with their patients using open‐ended questions. Many also discussed alternative feeding methods (37.6%) and disclosure avoidance strategies (34.4%). Over 75% (95% confidence interval (CI): 65.1 to 84.2) of participants reported that a WLHIV asked if she could breastfeed her child, and 29% (95% CI 20 to 40.3) reported caring for a patient who breastfed despite recommendations against breastfeeding. Providers reported that their patients’ primary concern was stigma associated with not breastfeeding (58%), while providers were primarily concerned about medication adherence during breastfeeding (70%). Through qualitative analysis, four overarching categories emerged that reflect providers’ sentiments, including (1) U.S. guidelines inadequately addressing WLHIV's desire to breastfeed; (2) negotiating patient autonomy amidst complex feeding situations; (3) harm reduction approaches to supporting WLHIV in breastfeeding; and (4) providers anticipating multilayered patient stigmatization.ConclusionsThe majority of provider respondents cared for a WLHIV who desired to breastfeed, and a third had WLHIV who breastfed despite recommendations against it. Providers found that the status of U.S. guidelines and their incongruity with WHO guidelines left them without adequate resources to support WLHIV's infant feeding decisions. Our findings provide important insight to inform professional associations’ discussions about public health policy as they consider future directions for infant feeding guidelines among WLHIV.
Beyond the antibody: B cells as a target for bacterial infection
Authors: García-Gil Abraham , Lopez-Bailon Luis Uriel , Ortiz-Navarrete Vianney 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
It is well established that B cells play an important role during infections beyond antibody production. B cells produce cytokines and are APCs for T cells. Recently, it has become clear that several pathogenic bacterial genera, such as Salmonella, Brucella, Mycobacterium, Listeria, Francisella, Moraxella, and Helicobacter, have evolved mechanisms such as micropinocytosis induction, inflammasome down-regulation, inhibitory molecule expression, apoptosis induction, and anti-inflammatory cytokine secretion to manipulate B cell functions influencing immune responses. In this review, we summarize our current understanding of B cells as targets of bacterial infection and the mechanisms by which B cells become a niche for bacterial survival and replication away from extracellular immune responses such as complement and antibodies.
Direct Metal‐Free Preparation of Functionalizable Polylactic Acid‐Ethisterone Conjugates in a One‐Pot Approach
Authors: Luo Shi‐He , Wu Yan‐Cheng , Cao Liang , Lin Jian‐Yun , Gao Jian , Chen Shui‐Xia , Wang Zhao‐Yang 
Published: January 2019

AbstractA series of polylactic acid (PLA) conjugates (PLA‐ES) are synthesized via direct melt polycondensation (DMP) of lactic acid (LA) with ethisterone (ES) in the presence of 0.3 wt% toluenesulfonic acid at 160 °C for 6 h. The drug content of PLA conjugates can be simply adjustable. Further functionalization via Click chemistry is also achieved to extend the biomedicine application of biopolymer based drug delivery.
Eicosapentaenoic Acid Reduces Adiposity, Glucose Intolerance and Increases Oxygen Consumption Independently of Uncoupling Protein 1
Authors: Pahlavani Mandana , Ramalingam Latha , Miller Emily K. , Scoggin Shane , Menikdiwela Kalhara R. , Kalupahana Nishan S. , Festuccia William T. , Moustaid‐Moussa Naima 
Published: January 2019

ScopeBrown adipose tissue (BAT) dissipates energy through uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) and has been proposed as an anti‐obesity target. It was reported previously that a high‐fat (HF) diet enriched in eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) significantly increased UCP1 and other thermogenic markers in BAT. It is hypothesized that these effects are mediated through UCP1‐dependent regulation.Methods and resultsWild‐type (WT) and UCP1 knockout (KO) B6 male mice were housed at thermoneutrality and fed a HF diet, without or with eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)‐enriched fish oil. HF‐fed KO mice were heavier and had higher BAT lipid content than other groups. Protective effects of EPA in WT, previously observed at 22 °C (reduced adiposity, improved glucose tolerance, and increased UCP1), disappeared at thermoneutrality. Mitochondrial proteins, cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COX I), COX I, II, and IV were reduced in the KO mice compared to WT. Unexpectedly, EPA attenuated weight and fat mass gain and improved glucose tolerance in the KO mice. Finally, EPA increased BAT peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor gamma coactivator 1 alpha (PGC1α) protein and gene expression, and whole‐body oxygen consumption in KO mice, consistent with increased mitochondria DNA (mtDNA)/nuclear DNA (nucDNA) ratio.ConclusionsEPA rescued the weight gain and glucose intolerance in UCP1 KO mice at thermoneutrality, independent of UCP1; these effects may be mediated in part via increased oxygen consumption and BAT PGC1α.
Coupling between cerebral blood flow and cerebral blood volume: Contributions of different vascular compartments
Authors: Wesolowski Roman , Blockley Nicholas P. , Driver Ian D. , Francis Susan T. , Gowland Penny A. 
Published: January 2019

A better understanding of the coupling between changes in cerebral blood flow (CBF) and cerebral blood volume (CBV) is vital for furthering our understanding of the BOLD response. The aim of this study was to measure CBF‐CBV coupling in different vascular compartments during neural activation. Three haemodynamic parameters were measured during a visual stimulus. Look‐Locker flow‐sensitive alternating inversion recovery was used to measure changes in CBF and arterial CBV (CBVa) using sequence parameters optimized for each contrast. Changes in total CBV (CBVtot) were measured using a gadolinium‐based contrast agent technique. Haemodynamic changes were extracted from a region of interest based on voxels that were activated in the CBF experiments. The CBF‐CBVtot coupling constant αtot was measured as 0.16 ± 0.14 and the CBF‐CBVa coupling constant αa was measured as 0.65 ± 0.24. Using a two‐compartment model of the vasculature (arterial and venous), the change in venous CBV (CBVv) was predicted for an assumed value of baseline arterial and venous blood volume. These results will enhance the accuracy and reliability of applications that rely on models of the BOLD response, such as calibrated BOLD.
The psychosocial self‐efficacy in adolescents with type 1 diabetes
Authors: Survonen Anne , Salanterä Sanna , Näntö‐Salonen Kirsti , Sigurdardottir Arun K. , Suhonen Riitta 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAimTo analyse psychosocial self‐efficacy in adolescents with type 1 diabetes, evaluate associations between self‐efficacy and metabolic control and background variables and determine psychometric properties of the Finnish Diabetes Empowerment Scale (Fin‐DES‐28).DesignA descriptive correlational survey.MethodsThe data were collected with the Finnish Diabetes Empowerment Scale from 13–16‐year‐old adolescents with type 1 diabetes (N = 189, 34%) in one university hospital district area in 2014.ResultsThe level of psychosocial self‐efficacy was quite good. The highest scores were in managing the psychosocial aspects of diabetes, followed by assessing dissatisfaction and readiness to change and setting and achieving diabetes goals. The self‐efficacy did not correlate with metabolic control or background variables. A positive association was found between self‐efficacy and understanding of diabetes and its treatment, adjustment of diabetes to life and the relationship with the doctor and the nurse. The internal consistency of the Finnish Diabetes Empowerment Scale was adequate. The low response rate limits generalization.
Investigation on surface properties of superhydrophobic nanocomposites based on polyvinyl chloride and correlation with cell adhesion behavior
Authors: Naeemabadi Niloofar , Seyfi Javad , Hejazi Ehsan , Hejazi Iman , Khonakdar Hossein Ali 
Published: January 2019

The main aim was to study the roles of structural homogeneity and superhydrophobicity on the adhesion of SW colon cancer cells on the surface of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) nanocomposites. Concurrent use of a proper nonsolvent (ethanol) and silica nanoparticles resulted in superhydrophobic behavior and also different surface structures. The effect of added‐ethanol content on the surface properties of PVC nanocomposites was also studied. The synergetic combination of silica and ethanol has led to the formation of a porous surface layer resulting in a considerable boost in the hydrophobic behavior. The scanning electron microscopy, roughness, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis results were all in total agreement indicating the substantial change in surface morphology, topography, and composition once the ethanol content was increased to 50 vol.%. The surface structure was notably changed by the addition of polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS) nanoparticles. It was found that the induced inhomogeneity as a result of POSS addition had an adverse effect on the surface properties. In conclusion, superhydrophobicity could be regarded as a prerequisite for achieving cell‐repellent behavior, but it cannot guarantee a cell repellent surface especially if the surface layer possesses structural inhomogeneity.
The use of touch devices for enhancing academic achievement: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Petersen‐Brown Shawna M. , Henze Erin E. C. , Klingbeil David A. , Reynolds Jennifer L. , Weber Rachel C. , Codding Robin S. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractTouch devices such as tablets and smartphones are widely adopted in educational settings and have many desirable features. However, research supporting the use of touch devices to improve academic achievement is emergent and has not been evaluated through a meta‐analysis. We conducted a meta‐analysis of 65 group and single case design research studies, published 2010–2018, to evaluate the effects of touch device implementation on academic achievement. The overall mean effect sizes were moderate for group design and single case design studies. Participant, intervention, and study attributes were also evaluated to describe the research and how these attributes may moderate the results. Overall, results suggest that touch devices may be an effective tool for enhancing academic achievement. The need to conduct additional, rigorous research on the use of touch devices as well as implications for researchers and practitioners are discussed.