bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acute high‐intensity football games can improve children's inhibitory control and neurophysiological measures of attention
Authors: Lind Rune Rasmussen , Beck Mikkel Malling , Wikman Johan , Malarski Krzysztof , Krustrup Peter , Lundbye‐Jensen Jesper , Geertsen Svend Sparre 
Published: May 2019

Recent studies suggest that a single bout of exercise can lead to transient performance improvements in specific cognitive domains in children. However, more knowledge is needed to determine the key exercise characteristics for obtaining these effects and how they translate into real‐world settings. In the present study, we investigate how small‐sided football games of either high‐ or moderate‐intensity affect measures of inhibitory control in a school setting. Eighty‐one children (mean age 11.8, 48 boys) were randomly allocated to three groups performing 20‐minute of high‐intensity small‐sided real football games (SRF), moderate‐intensity small‐sided walking football games (SWF) or resting (RF). Behavioral measures of inhibitory control and neurophysiological measures of attention (P300 latency and amplitude) were obtained during a flanker task performed at baseline and 20 minutes following the intervention. Retention of declarative memory was assessed in a visual memory task 7 days after the intervention. Measures of inhibitory control improved more in children performing SRF compared to SWF 19 ms, 95% CI [7, 31 ms] (P = 0.041). This was paralleled by larger increases in P300 amplitudes at Fz in children performing SRF compared both to RF in congruent (3.54 μV, 95% CI [0.85, 6.23 μV], P = 0.039) and incongruent trials (5.56 μV, 95% CI [2.87, 8.25 μV], P < 0.001) and compared to SWF in incongruent trials (4.10 μV, 95% CI [1.41, 6.68 μV], P = 0.010). No effects were found in measures of declarative memory. Together this indicates that acute high‐intensity small‐sided football games can transiently improve measures of inhibitory control and neurophysiological correlates of attention. Intense small‐sided football games are easily implementable and can be employed by practitioners, for example, during breaks throughout the school day.
<p class="Body">New and interesting oribatid mite taxa (Acari, Oribatida) from the Gambela region (Ethiopia)
Authors: Ermilov Sergey G. , Rybalov Leonid B. 
Published: May 2019

Ethiopia. Two new species of the subgenus Galumna (Galumna) (Galumnidae) are described. Galumna anuakensis Ermilov sp. nov. differs from G. calcicola (Aoki & Hu, 1993), G. lanceosensilla Ermilov, Sidorchuk & Rybalov, 2011, G. paracalcicola Ermilov & Anichkin, 2014 and G. paramastigophora Ermilov, 2015 by the presence of clavate bothridial setae and foveolate anogenital region. Galumna gambelaensis Ermilov sp. nov. differs from G. wojciechniedbalai Ermilov, 2012 by the presence of very long, flagellate interlamellar setae and comparatively large dorsosejugal porose areas. A list with new records for Ethiopian fauna, including 13 species, is provided; of these, Gymnodamaeus neonominatus (Subías, 2004) is recorded for the first time in the Ethiopian region, other species and the genera Gymnodamaeus Kulczynski, 1902 and Stachyoppia Balogh, 1961 are recorded for the first time in Ethiopia.
Home care nursing after elective vascular surgery: an opportunity to reduce emergency department visits and hospital readmission
Authors: de Mestral Charles , Kayssi Ahmed , Al-Omran Mohammed , Salata Konrad , Hussain Mohamad Anas , Roche-Nagle Graham 
Published: May 2019

BackgroundEvents occurring outside the hospital setting are underevaluated in surgical quality improvement initiatives and research.ObjectiveTo quantify regional variation in home care nursing following vascular surgery and explore its impact on emergency department (ED) visits and hospital readmission.MethodsPatients who underwent elective vascular surgery and were discharged directly home were identified from population-based administrative databases for the province of Ontario, Canada, 2006–2015. The index surgeries included carotid endarterectomy, open and endovascular aortic aneurysm repair and bypass for lower extremity peripheral arterial disease. Home care nursing within 30 days of discharge was captured and compared across regions. Using multilevel logistic regression, we characterised the association between home care nursing and the risk of an ED visit or hospital readmission within 30 days of discharge.ResultsThe cohort included 23 617 patients, of whom 9002 (38%) received home care nursing within 30 days of discharge home. Receipt of nursing care after discharge home varied widely across Ontario’s 14 administrative health regions (range 16%–84%), even after accounting for differences in patient case mix. A lower likelihood of an ED visit or hospital readmission within 30 days of discharge was observed among patients who received home care nursing following three of four index surgeries: carotid endarterectomy OR 0.74, 95% CI 0.61 to 0.91; endovascular aortic aneurysm repair OR 0.85, 95% CI 0.72 to 0.99; open aortic aneurysm repair OR 1.06, 95% CI 0.91 to 1.23; bypass for lower extremity peripheral arterial disease OR 0.81, 95% CI 0.72 to 0.92.ConclusionHome care nursing may contribute to reducing ED visits and hospital readmission and is variably prescribed after vascular surgery.
Assault predicts time away from work after claims for work-related mild traumatic brain injury
Authors: Shafi Reema , Smith Peter M , Colantonio Angela 
Published: May 2019

IntroductionWorkplace violence carries a substantial economic loss burden. Up to 10% of all traumatic brain injury (TBI) admissions result from physical assault. There remains a paucity of research on assault as a mechanism of injury, taking into account sex, and its association with work re-entry.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to characterise, by sex, the sample of workers who had sustained a work-related mild TBI (wr-mTBI) and to assess the independent influence of assault, as a mechanism of injury, on time away from work.MethodsA population-based retrospective cohort of workers’ compensation claimants in Australia (n=3129) who had sustained a wr-mTBI was used for this study. A multivariable logistic regression analysis assessed whether workers who had sustained wr-mTBI as a result of assault (wr-mTBI-assault) were more likely to claim time off work compared with workers who had sustained a wr-mTBI due to other mechanisms.ResultsAmong claimants who sustained a wr-mTBI, 9% were as a result of assault. The distribution of demographic and vocational variables differed between the wr-mTBI-assault, and not due to assault, both in the full sample, and separately for men and women. After controlling for potential confounding factors, workers who sustained wr-mTBI-assault, compared with other mechanisms, were more likely to take days off work (OR 2.14, 95% CI 1.53 to 2.99) within a 3-month timeframe.ConclusionThe results have policy-related implications. Sex-specific and workplace-specific prevention strategies need to be considered and provisions to support return-to-work and well-being within this vulnerable cohort should be examined.
On uniqueness of solutions to conservation laws verifying a single entropy condition
Authors: Krupa Sam G. , Vasseur Alexis F. 
Published: May 2019

For hyperbolic systems of conservation laws, uniqueness of solutions is still largely open. We aim to expand the theory of uniqueness for systems of conservation laws. One difficulty is that many systems have only one entropy. This contrasts with scalar conservation laws, where many entropies exist. It took until 1994 to show that one entropy is enough to ensure uniqueness of solutions for the scalar conservation laws (see [E. Yu. Panov, Uniqueness of the solution of the Cauchy problem for a first order quasilinear equation with one admissible strictly convex entropy, Mat. Z. 55(5) (1994) 116–129 (in Russian), Math. Notes 55(5) (1994) 517–525]. This single entropy result was proven again by De Lellis, Otto and Westdickenberg about 10 years later [Minimal entropy conditions for Burgers equation, Quart. Appl. Math. 62(4) (2004) 687–700]. These two proofs both rely on the special connection between Hamilton–Jacobi equations and scalar conservation laws in one space dimension. However, this special connection does not extend to systems. In this paper, we prove the single entropy result for scalar conservation laws without using Hamilton–Jacobi. Our proof lays out new techniques that are promising for showing uniqueness of solutions in the systems case.
On the Decidability of Membership in Matrix-exponential Semigroups
Authors: Ouaknine Joël , Pouly Amaury , Sousa-Pinto João , Worrell James 
Published: May 2019

We consider the decidability of the membership problem for matrix-exponential semigroups: Given
k
∈ N and square matrices
A
1
, … ,
A

k

,
C
, all of the same dimension and with real algebraic entries, decide whether
C
is contained in the semigroup generated by the matrix exponentials exp (
A

i

t
), where
i
∈ { 1,… ,
k
} and
t
≥ 0. This problem can be seen as a continuous analog of Babai et al.’s and Cai et al.’s problem of solving multiplicative matrix equations and has applications to reachability analysis of linear hybrid automata and switching systems. Our main results are that the semigroup membership problem is undecidable in general, but decidable if we assume that
A
1
, … ,
A

k

commute. The decidability proof is by reduction to a version of integer programming that has transcendental constants. We give a decision procedure for the latter using Baker’s theorem on linear forms in logarithms of algebraic numbers, among other tools. The undecidability result is shown by reduction from Hilbert’s Tenth Problem.
Nonocclusive multivessel intracoronary infusion of allogeneic cardiosphere-derived cells early after reperfusion prevents remote zone myocyte loss and improves global left ventricular function in swine with myocardial infarction
Authors: Suzuki Gen , Weil Brian R. , Young Rebeccah F. , Fallavollita James A. , Canty John M. 
Published: May 2019

Intracoronary cardiosphere-derived cells (icCDCs) infused into the infarct-related artery reduce scar volume but do not improve left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (LVEF). We tested the hypothesis that this reflects the inability of regional delivery to prevent myocyte death or promote myocyte proliferation in viable myocardium remote from the infarct. Swine ( n = 23) pretreated with oral cyclosporine (200 mg/day) underwent a 1-h left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) occlusion, which reduced LVEF from 61.6 ± 1.0 to 45.3 ± 1.5% 30 min after reperfusion. At that time, animals received global infusion of allogeneic icCDCs ( n = 8), regional infusion of icCDCs restricted to the LAD using the stop-flow technique ( n = 8), or vehicle ( n = 7). After 1 mo, global icCDCs increased LVEF from 44.8 ± 1.9 to 60.8 ± 3.8% ( P < 0.05) with no significant change after LAD stop-flow icCDCs (44.8 ± 3.6 to 50.9 ± 3.1%) or vehicle (46.5 ± 2.5 to 47.7 ± 2.6%). In contrast, global icCDCs did not alter infarct volume (%LV mass) assessed at 2 days (11.2 ± 2.3 vs. 12.6 ± 2.3%), whereas it was reduced after LAD stop-flow icCDCs (7.1 ± 1.1%, P < 0.05). Histopathological analysis of remote myocardium after global icCDCs demonstrated a significant increase in myocyte proliferation (147 ± 32 vs. 14 ± 10 nuclei/106 myocytes, P < 0.05) and a reduction in myocyte apoptosis (15 ± 9 vs. 46 ± 10 nuclei/106 myocytes, P < 0.05) that increased myocyte nuclear density (1,264 ± 39 vs. 1,157 ± 33 nuclei/mm2, P < 0.05) and decreased myocyte diameter (13.2 ± 0.2 vs. 14.5 ± 0.3 μm, P < 0.05) compared with vehicle-treated controls. In contrast, remote zone changes after regional LAD icCDCs were no different from vehicle. These data indicate that changes in global LVEF after icCDCs are dependent upon preventing myocyte loss and hypertrophy in myocardium remote from the infarct. These arise from stimulating myocyte proliferation and reducing myocyte apoptosis indicating the importance of directing cell therapy to viable remote regions. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Administration of allogeneic cardiosphere-derived cells to the entire heart via global intracoronary infusion shortly after myocardial infarction favorably influenced left ventricular ejection fraction by preventing myocyte death and promoting myocyte proliferation in remote, noninfarcted myocardium in swine. In contrast, regional intracoronary cell infusion did not significantly affect remote zone myocyte remodeling. Global cell administration targeting viable myocardium remote from the infarct may be an effective approach to prevent adverse ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction.
Falling Trend of Western Disturbances in Future Climate Simulations
Authors: Hunt Kieran M. R. , Turner Andrew G. , Shaffrey Len C. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Western disturbances (WDs) are synoptic-scale cyclonic weather systems advected over Pakistan and northern India by the subtropical westerly jet stream. There, they are responsible for most of the winter precipitation, which is crucial for agriculture of the rabi crop as well for as more extreme precipitation events, which can lead to local flooding and avalanches. Despite their importance, there has not yet been an attempt to objectively determine the fate of WDs in future climate GCMs. Here, a tracking algorithm is used to build up a catalog of WDs in both CMIP5 historical and representative concentration pathway (RCP) experiments of the future. It is shown that in business-as-usual (RCP8.5) future climate simulations, WD frequency falls by around 15% by the end of the twenty-first century, with the largest relative changes coming in pre- and postmonsoon months. Meanwhile, mean WD intensity will decrease, with central vorticity expected to become less cyclonic by about 12% over the same period. Changes in WD frequency are attributed to the projected widening and weakening of the winter subtropical jet as well as decreasing meridional wind shear and midtropospheric baroclinic vorticity tendency, which also explain the changes in intensity. The impact of these changes on regional precipitation is explored. The decline in WD frequency and intensity will cause a decrease in mean winter rainfall over Pakistan and northern India amounting to about 15% of the mean—subject to the ability of the models to represent the responsible processes. The effect on extreme precipitation events, however, remains unclear.
Possible Relationship between the Chukchi Sea Ice in the Early Winter and the February Haze Pollution in the North China Plain
Authors: Yin Zhicong , Wang Huijun , Ma Xiaohui 
Published: May 2019

AbstractHaze pollution is among the most serious disasters in the North China Plain, dramatically damaging human health and the social economy. The frequency of haze events in February typically varies from the number of haze days in the winter. To improve the understanding of haze pollution in February, this study not only showed the large-scale atmospheric circulations associated with the variation in the haze, but also analyzed its connection with Arctic sea ice. The observational and large ensemble model results both illustrated that the preceding increase in the early-winter Chukchi Sea ice might intensify the February haze pollution. The accumulated sea ice over the Chukchi Sea resulted in a steeper meridional sea surface temperature gradient and a significant and persistent westerly thermal wind. In February, the responsive pattern in the atmosphere developed into a Rossby wave–like pattern, linking the Chukchi Sea ice and the February haze pollution. Modulating by the induced large-scale atmospheric circulations, the horizontal and vertical atmospheric ventilation conditions and the hygroscopic growth conditions enhanced the frequency of haze pollution events.
Observations of Diurnal Coastal-Trapped Waves with a Thermocline-Intensified Velocity Field
Authors: Schlosser Tamara L. , Jones Nicole L. , Musgrave Ruth C. , Bluteau Cynthia E. , Ivey Gregory N. , Lucas Andrew J. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractUsing 18 days of field observations, we investigate the diurnal (D1) frequency wave dynamics on the Tasmanian eastern continental shelf. At this latitude, the D1 frequency is subinertial and separable from the highly energetic near-inertial motion. We use a linear coastal-trapped wave (CTW) solution with the observed background current, stratification, and shelf bathymetry to determine the modal structure of the first three resonant CTWs. We associate the observed D1 velocity with a superimposed mode-zero and mode-one CTW, with mode one dominating mode zero. Both the observed and mode-one D1 velocity was intensified near the thermocline, with stronger velocities occurring when the thermocline stratification was stronger and/or the thermocline was deeper (up to the shelfbreak depth). The CTW modal structure and amplitude varied with the background stratification and alongshore current, with no spring–neap relationship evident for the observed 18 days. Within the surface and bottom Ekman layers on the shelf, the observed velocity phase changed in the cross-shelf and/or vertical directions, inconsistent with an alongshore propagating CTW. In the near-surface and near-bottom regions, the linear CTW solution also did not match the observed velocity, particularly within the bottom Ekman layer. Boundary layer processes were likely causing this observed inconsistency with linear CTW theory. As linear CTW solutions have an idealized representation of boundary dynamics, they should be cautiously applied on the shelf.
Endoscopic Visualization of the True Maxillary Ostium Following Uncinectomy
Authors: Ahmed Omar H. , Lafer Marissa P. , Bandler Ilana , Zan Elcin , Wang Binhuan , Lebowitz Richard A. , Lieberman Seth M. 
Published: May 2019

Objectives: To examine the frequency in which angled endoscopes are necessary to visualize the true maxillary ostium (TMO) following uncinectomy and prior to maxillary antrostomy. Additionally, to identify preoperative computed tomography (CT) measures that predict need for an angled endoscope to visualize the TMO. Study Design: Retrospective study. Setting: Tertiary academic hospital. Patients and Methods: Patients who underwent endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) between December of 2017 and August of 2018 were retrospectively identified. Cases were reviewed if they were primary ESS cases for chronic rhinosinusitis without polyposis and if they were at least 18 years of age. Results: Sixty-three maxillary antrostomies were reviewed (82.5% were from bilateral cases). Thirty-five cases (55.6%) required an angled endoscope in order to visualize the TMO. Of the preoperative CT measures examined, a smaller sphenoid keel-caudal septum-nasolacrimal duct (SK-CS-NL) angle was significantly associated with need for an angled endoscope intraoperatively to visualize the TMO (17.1° SD ± 3.2 vs 15.0° SD ± 2.9; P = .010). Conclusion: Angled endoscopes are likely required in the majority of maxillary antrostomies to visualize the TMO. This is important to recognize in order to prevent iatrogenic recirculation. The SK-CS-NL angle may help to identify cases preoperatively which require an angled endoscope to identify the TMO during surgery.
Developing a sustainable cancer educational resource for occupational therapists
Authors: Pigott Amanda , Nixon Jodie , Brennan Kate , Trevethan Megan , Mahoney Lauren 
Published: May 2019

Introduction Occupational therapists have a key role in supporting people experiencing cancer and its consequences. A complex skill mix is required to fulfil this role, creating a training need for occupational therapists. Method This study retrospectively examined the evolution and sustainability of the cancer occupational therapy interest group, a cancer educational resource for occupational therapists within public health facilities in Queensland, Australia. Development of the programme was reviewed and data were analysed to examine involvement in the programme and confidence in providing cancer services. Results Membership of the interest group, participating locations and videoconference attendances all increased across the study period from 2012–2016. The practice areas participants most frequently reported confidence addressing were fatigue management and palliative care. Participants most frequently reported they were not confident addressing sexuality and relaxation management. Conclusion The cancer occupational therapy interest group provides an approach that demonstrates some utility with providing education and information for occupational therapists in cancer services.
Pain intensity in total hip arthroplasty patients: how communication influences satisfaction
Authors: Mohamed Nequesha S , Dávila Castrodad Iciar M , Gwam Chukwuweike U , Etcheson Jennifer I , Passarello Alexandra N , George Nicole E , Mahajan Ashwin K , Delanois Ronald E 
Published: May 2019

Introduction: An important global measure of health care quality is patient satisfaction. Patient satisfaction partially determines hospital reimbursement for procedures such as total hip arthroplasty (THA). Press Ganey (PG) survey responses assess patient satisfaction, and impact reimbursement. Current efforts to maximise repayment for THA include reducing postoperative pain. The “Pain Management” survey domain is considered a significant factor in patient ratings, but other studies have highlighted staff communication domains as determinants of satisfaction. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to compare PG survey responses to inpatient pain intensity. Methods: We queried the PG database for all patients who underwent a THA between November 2012 and January 2015. This yielded a total of 302 patients. Descriptive statistics were performed to analyse patient-level demographics. A multivariate regression model was constructed utilising pain intensity as the dependent variable. Results: Patients rating of “Communication with Doctors” ( B = –25.534; p < 0.001) and “Communication about Medicines” ( B = –31.49; p = < 0.001) domains were representative of patient pain intensity. No other factors demonstrated a significant relationship to pain intensity. Conclusions: Patient satisfaction continues to be important in care quality. Surrogate markers, such as the PG survey, can guide institutions looking to improve care. Our study revealed scores for “Communication with Doctors” and “Communication about Medicines” best represented true pain intensity levels for THA recipients during the postoperative period. The “Pain Management” domain did not display a relationship to pain intensity. The current method of measuring patient satisfaction should be reassessed to better represent patient responses and outcomes.