bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study protocol of "Our Choice": a randomized controlled trial for optimal implementation of psoriasis treatment by the integration of Chinese and western medicine
Authors: Sun Xiaoying , Zhou Xiaoyong , Wei Yuegang , Yang Wenxin , Huang Ning , Ding Yangfeng , Hu Rongyi , Guo Shun , Yang Chunyan , Weng Huilan , Zhang Ying , Chen Xi , Ding Xiaojie , Liu Liu , Li Xin , Li Bin 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background Plaque psoriasis is a refractory inflammatory skin disease. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and Western medicine (WM) therapies commonly used to treat plaque psoriasis have distinct characteristics and advantages. Although a combination of TCM and WM therapies adjusted to the clinical situation is widely used, there have been no systematic studies on the hierarchical selection of treatment combinations according to the severity of skin lesions. We therefore designed a randomized clinical trial to focus on the sequence of internal and external treatments in patients with mild-to-moderate plaque psoriasis and sought to optimize the integrated Chinese and Western medicine for treatment of patients with severe plaque psoriasis, so as to achieve high-level clinical evidence and establish treatment norms for the integrated use of Chinese and Western medicines. Methods In the proposed multi-center, single-blinded, randomized, controlled trial, 108 patients with mild-to-moderate plaque psoriasis will be randomly assigned to two groups in a 1:1 ratio to receive internal and external TCM treatments, respectively, and 270 patients with severe plaque psoriasis will be randomly assigned to three groups in a 1:1:1 ratio to receive treatment with TCM, WM, and integrated Chinese and Western medicine, respectively. All enrolled patients will receive 8 weeks of treatment and 8 weeks of follow-up. The primary outcome will be an evaluation of efficacy and relapse rate based on the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index . Secondary outcome measures will include a determination of affected body surface area, physician’s global assessment, pruritus scores determined using a visual analogue scale, TCM symptom score, dermatology life quality Index, patient-reported quality of life score, and incidence of serious adverse events. Discussion This study will provide a high level of clinical evidence for internal and external TCM treatment optimization and will contribute to establishing norms for the integration of Chinese and Western medicines.
The Comparasion Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate with Telbivudine or lamivudine in Preventing Hepatitis B Transmission in Mothers with High Viral Load: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Wang Ming , Zhu Yunxia , Pang Qiumei , Li Ran , Zhang Hua 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background Little observational data exist regarding the comparasion of efficacy and safety between tenofovir disoproxil fumarate(TDF) and Telbivudine(Ldt) in late pregnancy on preventing hepatitis B mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) in real-world settings.Methods We retrospectively enrolled HB-s antigen (HBsAg) positive mothers with HBV DNA ≥2*10 5 IU/mL to receive TDF or LdT after gestational weeks 24~32 weeks. All infants received standard immunoprophylaxis. The primary outcomes were the MTCT rates at infants’ age of 52 weeks and the safety of TDF or LdT use. The secondary outcomes were the decline of HBV-DNA levels at delivery and the rates of on-treatment and off-treatment alanine aminotransferase (ALT) elevation>2 uper limit normal(ULN) during the study.Results Of 1407 patients enrolled, 209 patients received TDF treatment and 1198 patients received LdT treatment. There were no difference between the mean duration of TDF and Ldt treatment (TDF vs.LdT: 11.76±2.20 weeks vs 11.64±2.79 weeks, P >0.05) .At birth, 9.8% of infants in the TDF-treatment group were HBsAg positive, lower than 20.8% in the LDT-treatment group (P<0.001). Among 1405 infants (TDF/LdT=213/1192) of the 1385 (TDF/LdT=205/1180) patients completed the 52-week study, intention‐to‐treat analysis indicated 0.5% (1 infant was lost to follow-up) in TDF treated mother and 0.3% in LDT treated mothers (3 infant was lost to follow-up). There was no difference between TDF group and LdT(P>0.05). On-treatment analysis indicated 0% of HBsAg positive infants in the three group (P>0.05). The levels of HBV-DNA decline in TDF-treated mothers were observed comparable in LdT treated mother (4.05±0.93 log 10 IU/ml vs.3.99±1.30 log 10 IU/ml, P> 0.05).TDF treated mothers had complained more symptoms of .nausea,anorexia and dizziness and less arthralgia than LdT treated mothers. All the adverse events of three groups were grade I-II.Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) elevation(>2ULN) in TDF-treated mothers were observed lower in TDF-treated mothers than LdT-treated mothers(7.3% vs.15.7%, P < 0.05). Alanine aminotransferase flares in TDF-treated mothers were observed lower than LdT-treated mothers(7.3% vs.15.7%, P < 0.05) .Conclusions TDF and LdT use in late pregnancy for highly viremic mothers was equally effective in reducing MTCT. TDF treated mothers complained more symptoms of disgestive systemmore and had less ALT abnormalities than LdT.
Putting RFMix and ADMIXTURE to the test in a complex admixed population
Authors: Uren Caitlin , Hoal Eileen G. , Möller Marlo 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background Global and local ancestry inference in admixed human populations can be performed using computational tools implementing distinct algorithms. The development and resulting accuracy of these tools has been tested largely on populations with relatively straightforward admixture histories but little is known about how well they perform in more complex admixture scenarios. Results Using simulations, we show that RFMix outperforms ADMIXTURE in determining global ancestry proportions even in a complex 5-way admixed population, in addition to assigning local ancestry with an accuracy of 89%. RFMix’s ability to determine global and local ancestry to a high degree of accuracy, particularly in admixed populations provides the opportunity for more accurate association analyses. Conclusion This study highlights the utility of the extension of computational tools to become more compatible to genetically structured populations, as well as the need to expand the sampling of diverse world-wide populations. This is particularly noteworthy as modern-day societies are becoming increasingly genetically complex and some genetic tools and commonly used ancestral populations are less appropriate. Based on these caveats and the results presented here, we suggest that RFMix be used for both global and local ancestry estimation in world-wide complex admixture scenarios particularly when including these estimates in association studies.
Archaic mitochondrial DNA inserts in modern day nuclear genomes
Authors: Bücking Robert , Cox Murray P , Hudjashov Georgi , Saag Lauri , Sudoyo Herawati , Stoneking Mark 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background Traces of interbreeding of Neanderthals and Denisovans with modern humans in the form of archaic DNA have been detected in the genomes of present-day human populations outside sub-Sahara Africa. Up to now, only nuclear archaic DNA has been detected in modern humans; we therefore attempted to identify archaic mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) residing in modern human nuclear genomes as nuclear inserts of mitochondrial DNA (NUMTs). Results We analysed 221 high-coverage genomes from Oceania and Indonesia using an approach which identifies reads that map both to the nuclear and mitochondrial DNA. We then classified reads according to the source of the mtDNA, and found one NUMT of Denisovan mtDNA origin; analysis of the flanking region suggests that this insertion is more likely to have happened in a Denisovan individual and introgressed into modern humans with the Denisovan nuclear DNA, rather than in a descendant of a Denisovan female and a modern human male. Conclusions Here we present our pipeline for detecting introgressed NUMTs in next generation sequencing data that can be used on genomes sequenced in the future. Further discovery of such archaic NUMTs in modern humans can be used to detect interbreeding between archaic and modern humans and can reveal new insights into the nature of such interbreeding events.
Kangaroo Mother Care for Preterm Infants and Child Development – Evidence from São Paulo, Brazil
Authors: Onyango Silas , Brentani Alexandra , Fink Günther 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background An estimated 15 million children are born prematurely each year globally, resulting in a high burden of under-five mortality and neurodevelopmental disability. Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) is recognized as key intervention to support the development of preterm infants. Even though the benefits of KMC have been well documented in randomized controlled trials, evidence on the impact of KMC in routine care settings remains limited.Methods This paper examines the associations between maternal Kangaroo Mother Care efforts and child development among preterm infants born at the University Hospital of São Paulo, Brazil. Primary study outcomes were physical development (HAZ) and cognitive development at age 3.Results Practicing Kangaroo Mother Care was positively associated with physical development (+0.91 SD, 95% confidence intervals [0.126, 1.695]), and cognition (+0.37 SD, [0.034, 0.806]) of preterm children at age 3.Conclusion The results presented suggest that KMC has a large potential to improve children’s cognitive and physical development. New programs to increase KMC uptake in the setting studied may be beneficial for both mothers and their preterm children.
C1GALT1 expression is associated with galactosylation of IgA1 in peripheral B lymphocyte in immunoglobulin A nephropathy
Authors: Xing Yue , Li Lina , Zhang Yaru , Wang Fanghao , He Dandan , Liu Youxia , Jia Junya , Yan Tiekun , Lin Shan 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background

More and more studies demonstrated that genetic variation at C1GALT1 influences Gd-IgA1 level in IgAN. However, whether the expression of β1, 3-galactosyltransferase (β1, 3Gal-T) was influenced may provide insights into how Gd-IgA1 levels are controlled in IgAN.

Methods

Thirty IgAN patients diagnosed in Tianjin Medical University General Hospital from April to September 2018 and 30 healthy volunteers whose age and gender matched with patients were enrolled in this study. Total Gd-IgA1 levels in plasma were determined by ELISA and C1GALT1 levels were determined by RT-PCR. Four databases (PubMed, EMBASE, CNKI, WanFang Medical Network) were searched to identify eligible studies that evaluated a difference in the expression of C1GALT1 in IgAN patients compared with total controls (non-IgAN and health controls). The C1GALT1C1 expression levels, which was indispensable to β1, 3Gal-T of IgA1, was also been compared.

Results

Gd-IgA1 levels were remarkable higher in IgAN patients compared with healthy control. The expression levels of C1GALT1 gene were remarkably down-regulated in IgAN patients compared with healthy control. And the mRNA level of C1GALT1 was inversely correlated to Gd-IgA1 levels. In meta-analysis, six articles including 316 participants that analyzed the expression of β1, 3Gal-T were met inclusion criteria. There was no significant difference in the expression of C1GALT1 between IgAN patients compared with controls. And we found patients with IgAN had lower levels of C1GALT1 gene expression in the B cells compared to controls. The C1GALT1C1 levels in the IgAN patients were not different from the levels in the control group, which were unchanged no matter according to different ethnic population, different control group and different cell source. Two studies including 46 persons compared enzymatic activity of β1, 3Gal-T in B cells, and the result showed the β1, 3Gal-T activity was decreased in B cells.

Conclusions

We found expression levels of C1GALT1 were remarkably downregulated in IgAN patients and negatively correlated with higher levels of Gd-IgA1. Subsequent meta-analysis validated the low expression and activity of β1, 3Gal-T in B cells in patients with IgAN. However, there was no apparent disparity in the aspect of C1GALT1C1 expression between IgAN and control groups.
Factors associated with unintended pregnancy in Ethiopia; further analysis of the 2016 Ethiopian demographic health survey data.
Authors: Bekele Yibeltal Alemu , Fekadu Gedefaw Abeje 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background Unintended pregnancy is an important public health problem in Ethiopia. It causes adverse physical, mental, social and economic outcomes. Identifying factors associated with unintended pregnancy may help to reduce unintended pregnancy and hence adverse outcomes. There are few studies about the prevalence and associated factors of unintended pregnancy in Ethiopia. But these studies were based on few sample size and fragmented. Therefore, this analysis was done to identify factors associated with unintended pregnancy in Ethiopia based on nationally representative data.Methods The study used the 2016 Ethiopian demographic and health survey data. The data was downloaded from The DHS program with permission. A total of 1135 women were included in the final model. Data was weighted to consider disproportionate sampling and non-response. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with unintended pregnancy among women.Result About 30% (95% CI: 25.33 -34.39) pregnancies were unintended. Married women (AOR; 0.34; 95% CI: 0.01- 0.14), woman living in developing regions (AOR; 0.14; 95% CI: 0.07- 0.27) and women who reported distance not a big problem to get medical care (AOR 0.59; 95% CI: 0.36 - 0.99) had lower odds of unintended pregnancy. On the other hand, multi-para (AOR; 3.77; 95% CI: 1.71 - 8.33), grand multi-para (AOR; 6.72; 95% CI: 2.74 - 16.49) women and women who ever used contraceptives (AOR; 1.86 95% CI: 1.06 - 3.26) had higher odds of unintended pregnancy.Conclusion Although high,the magnitude of unintended pregnancy in Ethiopia was lower compared to the global level. Marital status, region, perceived distance to seek medical care, parity and history of contraceptive use were found significant predictors of unintended pregnancy in Ethiopia.
Clinical utility of PEG-G-CSF for preventing severe neutropenia in metastatic colorectal cancer patients treated with FOLFOXIRI plus bevacizumab: A single centor retrospective study
Authors: Yusuke Kitagawa , Osumi Hiroki , Shinozaki Eiji , Ota Yumiko , Nakayama Izuma , Suzuki Takeshi , Wakatsuki Takeru , Ogura Mariko , Ooki Akira , Takahari Daisuke , Suenaga Mitsukuni , Chin Keisho , Yamaguchi Kensei 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background: This study aimed to evaluate in clinical practice the efficacy and safety of polyethylene glycol conjugated granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (PEG-G-CSF) for preventing neutropenia in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients that received fluorouracil, leucovorin, oxaliplatin, and irinotecan (FOLFOXIRI) plus bevacizumab (Bev). Methods: We retrospectively analyzed mCRC patients who received FOLFOXIRI plus Bev between December 2015 and December 2017. We evaluated the efficacy of PEG-G-CSF for treating neutropenia, the overall response rate (ORR) according to the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors version 1.1, progression free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and adverse events of FOLFOXIRI plus Bev based on the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 4.0. Results: A total of 26 patients (median age 53.5 years) were included. The ORR rate was 65.3%, the median PFS was 9.6 months (7.2–16.9), and the median OS was 24.2 months (13.6–NA). Grade 3 or 4 neutropenia occurred in 53.8% of the patients and febrile neutropenia occurred in 7.7%. PEG-G-CSF was given to 77.0% of the patients, including prophylactically (n = 9) and after the development of grade 3 or 4 neutropenia (n = 11). No patients experienced grade 3 or higher neutropenia after the administration of PEG-G-CSF. In seven of the nine patients who received PEG-G-CSF prophylactically (77.7%), no dose adjustment was required.Conclusions: PEG-G-CSF was useful in preventing severe neutropenia in mCRC patients treated with FOLFOXIRI plus Bev.
Electrochemical oxidation treatment of coal tar wastewater with lead dioxide anodes
Authors: Zhao Qiang , Wei Feng , Zhang Liman , Yang Yang , Lv Shuang , Yao Yingwu 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
In this study, coal tar wastewater was treated by electrochemical oxidation technology using lead dioxide anodes. The influence of operating parameters, including applied current density, electrode gap and initial pH value, on the removal ratio of chemical oxygen demand (COD) was investigated. The results demonstrated that the COD removal ratio reached 90.5% after 3.5 h electrolysis with the current density at 3 A dm−2 and electrode gap at 1.0 cm. Correspondingly, the COD decreased from 5,125 mg L−1 to 487 mg L−1, which fitted the wastewater discharge standards of China, and the specific energy consumption (SECCOD) was 35.3 kWh kgCOD−1. Not only was the COD removal ratio only 77.1% after 2 h electrolysis but the BOD5/COD ratio of the wastewater reached 0.44, which could be biochemically treated, and the SECCOD decreased by 34.3%. Moreover, the main composition of pristine wastewater before and after 2 h electrolysis was analyzed by GC-MS, and the disappearance of macromolecules (such as ethyl-2-pyrenemethanol) and the production of small molecules (such as propane-1,3-diol) could improve the biodegradability of the wastewater. Therefore, electrochemical oxidation for 2 h is a promising alternative for pretreatment of coal tar wastewater prior to biological treatment.
Lipid-based Vehicles for siRNA Delivery in Biomedical Field
Authors: Li Tianzhong , Huang Linfeng , Yang Mengsu 
Published: September 2019

Background:
Genetic drugs have aroused much attention in the past twenty years. RNA interference
(RNAi) offers novel insights into discovering potential gene functions and therapies targeting
genetic diseases. Small interference RNA (siRNA), typically 21-23 nucleotides in length, can specifically
degrade complementary mRNA. However, targeted delivery and controlled release of siRNA
remain a great challenge.

Methods:
Different types of lipid-based delivery vehicles have been synthesized, such as liposomes,
lipidoids, micelles, lipoplexes and lipid nanoparticles. These carriers commonly have a core-shell
structure. For active targeting, ligands may be conjugated to the surface of lipid particles.

Results:
Lipid-based drug delivery vehicles can be utilized in anti-viral or anti-tumor therapies. They
can also be used to tackle genetic diseases or discover novel druggable genes.

Conclusion:
In this review, the structures of lipid-based vehicles and possible surface modifications
are described, and applications of delivery vehicles in biomedical field are discussed.
Combination of Mechanical and Chemical Methods Improves Gene Delivery in Cell-based HIV Vaccines
Authors: Soleymani Sepehr , Hadi Amin , Asgari Fatemeh , Haghighipour Nooshin , Bolhassani Azam 
Published: September 2019

Objective:
Novel vaccination approaches are required to control human immunodeficiency
virus (HIV) infections. The membrane proximal external region (MPER) of Env gp41 subunit and the
V3/glycans of Env gp120 subunit were known as potential antigenic targets for anti-HIV-1 vaccines. In
this study, we prepared the modified dendritic cells (DCs) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) with
HIV-1 MPER-V3 gene using mechanical and chemical approaches.

Methods:
At first, MPER-V3 fusion DNA delivery was optimized in dendritic cells (DCs) and mesenchymal
stem cells (MSCs) using three mechanical (i.e., uniaxial cyclic stretch, equiaxial cyclic stretch
and shear stress bioreactors), and two chemical (i.e., TurboFect or Lipofectamine) methods. Next, the
modified DCs and MSCs with MPER-V3 antigen were compared to induce immune responses in vivo.

Results:
Our data showed that the combination of equiaxial cyclic stretch loading and lipofectamine
twice with 48 h intervals increased the efficiency of transfection about 60.21 ± 1.05 % and 65.06 ± 0.09
% for MSCs and DCs, respectively. Moreover, DCs and MSCs transfected with MPER-V3 DNA in
heterologous DC or MSC prime/ peptide boost immunizations induced high levels of IgG2a, IgG2b,
IFN-γ and IL-10 directed toward Th1 responses as well as an increased level of Granzyme B. Indeed,
the modified MSCs and DCs with MPER-V3 DNA could significantly enhance the MPER/V3-specific
T-cell responses compared to MPER/V3 peptide immunization.

Conclusion:
These findings showed that the modified MSC-based immunization could elicit effective
immune responses against HIV antigen similar to the modified DC-based immunization.
Effect of Filler Content and Waiting time Before Light-Curing on Mechanical Properties of Dual-Cured Cement
Authors: Oliveira Ana C. de Assunção , Griza Sandro , de Moraes Rafael R. , Faria-e-Silva André L. 
Published: September 2019

Objective::
To investigate the effect of filler content and the time spent before light-curing
on mechanical properties of dual-cured cement.

Methods::
Experimental dual-cured resin cements were formulated with 60, 65 or 68wt% of filler.
The viscosity of experimental cement was measured using a digital viscometer. Bar-shaped specimens
(25 x 2 x 2 mm) were fabricated, while the light-curing was started immediately or 5 minutes
after the insertion of cement into the mold (n = 7). A three-point bending test was performed and the
values of flexural strength and elastic modulus were measured. The Vickers hardness of fractured
specimens was measured on the surface of the cement. Data from viscosity were submitted to oneway
ANOVA, while the data from mechanical properties were analyzed by two-way ANOVA. All
pair-wise comparisons were performed using Tukey’s test (α = 0.05).

Results::
The experimental cement with 68wt% of filler showed the highest viscosity and those with
60wt% showed the the lowest viscosity. Irrespective of the time spent before light-curing, the cement
with 65wt% of filler presented the highest values of flexural strength and elastic modulus. The
addition of 60wt% of filler resulted in the lowest elastic modulus, while 68wt% of filler resulted in
lowest flexural strength. Regarding the hardness, the cement with 68wt% of filler showed the highest
values, while there was no difference between 60 and 65wt% of filler.

Conclusion::
Filler content affected the mechanical properties of the experimental cement and this
effect did not depend on the waiting time before the light-curing procedure.