bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Validity of the Universal Transformation Method in Global Buckling Design
Authors: Hajdú Gábor 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACTIn this paper, the limit and validity of the universal transformation method in global buckling design are examined. To calculate the stability resistance of compressed steel members an alternative approach, so‐called equivalent imperfection method, was applied into Eurocode 1993‐1‐1:2005 (1). Later, Papp showed that the equivalent unique global and local imperfection concept is valid for lateral‐torsional buckling and coupled buckling too (2). This method is based on the equivalent reference member method, where the buckling resistance of the irregular member should be equal to the buckling resistance of the reference member. The reference member has pinned ends, its cross‐section, axial force and bending moments are the same as in the equivalent cross‐section of the original member. Between the real member and the reference member forward and backward transformation are needed. In order to investigate the consistency of the above‐mentioned transformation technique on prismatic and tapered beam‐columns several geometrically and materially nonlinear analysis with imperfection were executed. The (semi‐) probabilistic safety level assessment of the universal transformation method performed according to (3), where the difference between the theoretical and experimental resistance is being used to measure the accuracy.
Numerical analysis of the behaviour of stainless steel cellular beam in fire
Authors: Cashell K.A. , Malaska M. , Khan M. , Alanen M. , Mela K. 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACTThis paper is concerned with the behaviour of stainless steel cellular beams during a fire. Stainless steel has become increasingly popular in recent years for structural applications, mainly due to its excellent corrosion resistance, as well as its other attractive physical and mechanical attributes. During a fire, stainless steel generally retains a higher proportion of their room temperature strength (above temperatures of 550°C) and stiffness (all temperatures) compared with carbon steel. In the current paper, the focus is on the fire behaviour of stainless steel cellular beams. There are no specific design rules available for these members and the carbon steel design rules for cellular beams are typically used with the stainless steel material properties. This work aims to investigate the validity of this approach by analysing the behaviour of stainless steel cellular beams with stiffened webs under fire conditions. A nonlinear finite element (FE) model is developed using the ABAQUS software, and is validated using fire test data. Then, the model is employed to conduct parametric studies in order to determine the most salient factors. Finally, design guidance is provided for stainless steel cellular beams in fire conditions, which consider the most influential geometric and material characteristics.
Application of the Master Curve concept on the choice of duplex stainless steel to avoid brittle fracture
Authors: Langenberg Peter , Kucharczyk Pawel , Pilhagen Johan , Stranghöner Natalie , Schedin Erik 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACTDuplex stainless steel gets more and more common in structural applications even in steel bridges. For these cases, the choice of duplex stainless steel material to avoid brittle fracture is of great importance as e.g. steel bridges are exposed to low temperatures, generally down to −30 °C or even lower, and fatigue loads. EN 1993‐1‐4 also covers duplex stainless steel, but the given toughness requirements for duplex stainless steel are insufficient. Due to this fact, first investigations have been carried out on various duplex stainless steel base materials and welded specimens based on the fracture mechanic based concept of EN 1993‐1‐10 including the Wallin Master Curve concept. The objective was to achieve a first insight in the applicability of EN 1993‐1‐10 for structural applications with different types of duplex stainless steels in principle. In this frame, Charpy and fracture mechanics tests have been evaluated for 1.4462, 1.4362 and 1.4162 duplex stainless steels of 30 mm and 50 mm thick base materials and weldments. The results have been transformed into the general approach used in EN 1993‐1‐10 originally developed for ferritic structural steel considering the structural detail of a welded longitudinal attachment with a semi elliptical surface crack at the weld toe. The results demonstrate that the investigated duplex stainless steels and their weldments show a very good toughness behaviour and that the EN 1993‐1‐10 model can be transformed for application of duplex stainless steel. The paper presents these first results.
AMAGER BAKKE: A steel building with the design challenge of creating a world famous recreational roof
Authors: Nordestgaard Peter Madsen , Arndt Casper Højgaard 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACTAmager Bakke is a spectacular construction. The 43,000 m2 combined waste to energy plant and artificial ski slope has a full height of 85 m. The roof provides public access for a park with the size of 2½ soccer fields. The park includes hiking, climbing, skiing area, viewing platform, café and trees.The building has a high complexity due to the exterior architectural expressions require the correct shape for a double curved skiing slope, which was merged with the interior demands for machinery. The result is a complex geometrical structure for which steel was the only feasible material to apply when forming the superstructure. Furthermore, the fire compartmentation of the plant and the park gave special design issues concerning structural robustness and municipality's approval of the regulatory fire safety strategy.Early in the engineering process it was decided that an innovative approach was required. Therefore, the limits of BIM tools were challenged and widened. The 3D‐model was used for design layout, collision check, quantity surveyor and illustrating the erection timeline. Additionally, the model was continuously operated for interchanges with the client, the architect, and the contractor.The steel superstructure was executed in S235, S355, and S460 steel. A total of approximately 7,500 tons of weight was applied to the building parts. Various forms of large span roof steel girders were used with different static systems, to carry ∼1,000 concrete slab elements on the roof. The facade is covered with ∼1,000 aluminum bricks on steel sandwich panels and the cantilevered chimney hangs on the gable side starting more than 50 m up and reaching 124 m above ground level. This required a tuned mass damper in the top. The building complex also includes an 11‐storey office building, which caused additional demands regarding acoustical vibrational damping through the structures and floors.
Optimum Design of Cold‐formed Steel Beams: Particle Swarm Optimisation and Numerical Analysis
Authors: Perampalam Gatheeshgar , Poologanathan Keerthan , Gunalan Shanmuganathan , Ye Jun , Nagaratnam Brabha 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACTCold‐formed steel (CFS) members, when subjected to optimisation, can significantly increase their ultimate load carrying capacity leading to a more economical and efficient structural system. This paper presents the details of an investigation on optimisation of CFS beams subjected to bending capacity and an investigation of shear and web crippling capacities of optimised sections. The optimisation was aimed to meet construction constraints reported in Eurocode 3 (EC3). In this research, 4 different CFS sections were considered including the introduction of 2 novel sections (Super Sigma and Smart Beam) which has closer shear center to the web and less susceptible to web buckling. The bending capacity of the available sections were obtained based on the effective width method reported in EC3, while the optimisation procedure was performed using particle swarm optimisation (PSO). The capacities of the optimised CFS beams were also obtained using the nonlinear finite element (FE) analysis and the FE results were compared with EC3. The FE results showed that the Smart beam and Super Sigma claim dual advantage of increase in section moment capacity and restrain against torsional effect than the conventional CFS channel sections with the same amount of material. These optimised cold formed steel beams can be employed in light gauge steel building constructions.
Investigation of the moment redistribution for steel – concrete continuous composite beams
Authors: Yolaçan Taygun Fırat , Schäfer Markus 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACTThis study investigates moment redistribution phenomenon for pin ended double‐span steel‐concrete continuous composite beams and arise a question about moment redistribution for the continuous beams subjected to partially distributed or concentrated loading conditions. The overall objective of the study is to propose a methodology to fulfil the technical gaps adopted by Eurocode‐4, which considers the redistribution for only uniformly load condition. A robust iterative algorithm is developed to obtain moment‐curvature relations of the standard composite cross‐sections. Flexural stiffness‐curvature relations of the cross‐sections are predicted through the moment‐curvature relations. Flexural stiffness distribution along the composite beams is determined with curvature compatibility. Fourth order differential load‐deflection equation is evaluated with finite difference solution scheme for continuous beam conditions and variable flexural stiffness along the beam length. A non‐iterative incremental load‐deflection algorithm is developed to calculate moment distribution in continuous beams with variable flexural stiffness. A benchmark example is solved with Eurocode‐4 provisions to validate the developed algorithms. Moment redistribution from hogging (negative) zone to sagging (positive) zone of uniformly loaded double‐span continuous composite beam is illustrated considering the degree of flexural stiffness degradation in the composite medium. A question is arisen for moment redistribution in the continuous beams subjected to partially distributed or concentrated loading conditions.
Strength and Stiffness Deterioration Material Influence on Demand Parameters in Steel Moment Frames
Authors: Petreski Borjan , Gjorgjiev Igor 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACTThe moment resisting frames (MRF) are one of the three main structural steel typologies used for seismic design of steel frames. They are characterized as the most ductile structural type possessing a large number of possible dissipative zones, following the fact that plastic hinges can develop both in the beams and the columns. Possessing the feature of being the most ductile type, these structures exhibit very large deflections before the structural damage occurs. Additionally, the strength and stiffness deterioration of the steel material due to cyclic loading increases the effect of the lateral forces and represents the most realistic behaviour of this structural system. Hence, in this research study an improved approach using updated material model for evaluating the steel MRFs' behaviour is implemented in order to tackle the deficiency in the assessment of this type of structures. Firstly, the modelling is performed using the nonlinear beam – column elements with distributed plasticity for both the beams and the columns. Then, the same frame model is developed using the elastic beam – column elements ending with zero‐length plastic hinges modelled by a stiffness deteriorating steel material referred to as Ibarra – Krawinkler (IK) model. Two sets of seven acceleration records are chosen as realistic earthquake loading to represent the medium hazard seismicity (MH) and high hazard seismicity (HH) scenarios. Incremental nonlinear dynamic analysis of the frames is conducted by scaling the records in order to attain various levels of relative intensities. They are extracted from the database and scaled to match the EC8 elastic spectra for the two hazard scenarios.
Cancer, sleep problems, and mind‐body medicine use: Results of the 2017 National Health Interview Survey
Authors: Voiss Petra , Höxtermann Melanie Désirée , Dobos Gustav , Cramer Holger 
Published: September 2019

BackgroundSleep problems affect physical and emotional well‐being as well as immune system function. Evidence has demonstrated an improvement in sleep problems in patients with cancer through the use of mind‐body medicine (MBM). In the current study, the authors sought to elucidate the prevalence of sleep problems and the use of MBM in adult cancer survivors.MethodsThe authors analyzed data from the 2017 US National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) to estimate the prevalence of sleep problems and use of MBM in adult cancer survivors using means, standard deviations, weighted frequencies, and distributions. Backward stepwise multiple logistic regression analyses were used to identify independent predictors of MBM use within the past 12 months: age, sex, ethnicity, region, educational level, employment, and time since cancer diagnosis.ResultsA weighted total of 13,750,028 cancer survivors (59.2%) reported sleep problems. For the most part, survivors with sleep problems were aged ≥40 years, female, and non‐Hispanic white. More survivors with (weighted N = 3,794,493; 27.6%) compared with without (weighted N = 1,695,435; 17.9%) sleep problems used MBM. Among cancer survivors with sleep problems, the most commonly used mind‐body practice was spiritual meditation (weighted N = 1,972,578; 14.3%), followed by yoga (weighted N = 1,695,553; 17.9%). The use of MBM was independently predicted by being female, living in the western United States, having a higher educational level, and being employed.ConclusionsThe high prevalence of sleep problems in cancer survivors is a major health issue that needs to be addressed. A considerable number of cancer survivors with sleep problems use MBM. This finding warrants the investigation of MBM concepts as treatment options for cancer survivors experiencing sleep problems.
Historical museum collections clarify the evolutionary history of cryptic species radiation in the world's largest amphibians
Authors: Turvey Samuel T. , Marr Melissa M. , Barnes Ian , Brace Selina , Tapley Benjamin , Murphy Robert W. , Zhao Ermi , Cunningham Andrew A. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractInaccurate taxonomic assessment of threatened populations can hinder conservation prioritization and management, with human‐mediated population movements obscuring biogeographic patterns and confounding reconstructions of evolutionary history. Giant salamanders were formerly distributed widely across China, and are interpreted as a single species,Andrias davidianus. Previous phylogenetic studies have identified distinct Chinese giant salamander lineages but were unable to associate these consistently with different landscapes, probably because population structure has been modified by human‐mediated translocations for recent commercial farming. We investigated the evolutionary history and relationships of allopatric Chinese giant salamander populations with Next‐Generation Sequencing methods, using historical museum specimens and late 20th‐century samples, and retrieved partial or near‐complete mitogenomes for 17 individuals. Samples from populations unlikely to have been affected by translocations form three clades from separate regions of China, spatially congruent with isolation by either major river drainages or mountain ranges. Pliocene–Pleistocene divergences for these clades are consistent with topographic modification of southern China associated with uplift of the Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau. General Mixed Yule Coalescent model analysis indicates that these clades represent separate species:Andrias davidianus(Blanchard, 1871) (northern Yangtze/Sichuan),Andrias sligoi(Boulenger, 1924) (Pearl/Nanling), and an undescribed species (Huangshan).Andrias sligoiis possibly the world's largest amphibian. Inclusion of additional reportedly wild samples from areas of known giant salamander exploitation and movement leads to increasing loss of biogeographic signal. Wild Chinese giant salamander populations are now critically depleted or extirpated, and conservation actions should be updated to recognize the existence of multiple species.
Stygofaunal community trends along varied rainfall conditions: Deciphering ecological niche dynamics of a shallow calcrete in Western Australia
Authors: Saccò Mattia , Blyth Alison J. , Humphreys William F. , Karasiewicz Stéphane , Meredith Karina T. , Laini Alex , Cooper Steven J.B. , Bateman Philip W. , Grice Kliti 
Published: September 2019

AbstractGroundwaters host highly adapted fauna, known as stygofauna, which play a key role in maintaining the functional integrity of subterranean ecosystems. Stygofaunal niche studies provide insights into the ecological dynamics shaping the delicate balance between the hydrological conditions and community diversity patterns. This work aims to unravel the ecological trends of a calcrete stygofaunal community, with special focus on niche dynamics through the Outlying Mean Index analysis (OMI) and additional calculation of Within Outlying Mean Indexes (WitOMI), under three rainfall regimes. Temperature and pH changed significantly among different rainfall conditions (P < .001), and together with salinity were the most influential drivers in shaping stygofaunal assemblages. These environmental conditions, linked with nutrient fluctuations in the groundwater, constrained changes in niche occupation for water mites, two species of beetles and juvenile amphipods (OMI analysis, P < .05). The WitOMI analysis revealed differential subniche breadths linked with taxa‐specific adaptations after different rainfall conditions. Our results indicate that stygofaunal niches are closely linked to the hydrodynamic conditions influenced by different rainfall regimes. Further long‐term investigations, incorporating broader ecological perspectives, will help to understand the impacts associated with climate change and anthropogenic pressures on one of the most threatened ecosystems in the world.
Safety and efficacy of the partial adenosine A1 receptor agonist neladenoson bialanate in patients with chronic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: a phase IIb, randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial
Authors: Voors Adriaan A. , Bax Jeroen J. , Hernandez Adrian F. , Wirtz Antonieta B. , Pap Akos F. , Ferreira Anna C. , Senni Michele , van der Laan Michael , Butler Javed ,   for the PANTHEON Investigators
Published: September 2019

AbstractAimsNeladenoson bialanate is a partial adenosine A1 receptor agonist with demonstrated beneficial effects on cardiac function in animal models. We aimed to assess the dose–response effect of neladenoson bialanate on cardiac structure and function, clinical outcome, and safety in patients with heart failure (HF) with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF).Methods and resultsPANTHEON was a dose‐finding, phase IIb, randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial conducted in 92 centres in 11 countries including 462 patients with chronic HFrEF, randomized to once daily oral dose of neladenoson bialanate (5, 10, 20, 30, and 40 mg) or placebo. The primary endpoints were change from baseline to 20 weeks in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (echocardiography) and in N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP). Mean age of the patients was 67 years, 17% were female, mean LVEF was 28%, mean NT‐proBNP was 2085 ng/L. After 20 weeks of treatment, there was no dose–effect of neladenoson bialanate on changes in NT‐proBNP or LVEF (primary endpoints). No effect of neladenoson bialanate was found on left ventricular volumes, high‐sensitivity troponin T, or cardiovascular mortality, HF hospitalization, and urgent visits for HF (secondary endpoints). There was a dose‐dependent increase in creatinine and cystatin C, and a dose‐dependent decrease in estimated glomerular filtration rate and heart rate.ConclusionsIn patients with chronic HFrEF, treatment with neladenoson bialanate was not associated with dose‐dependent favourable effects on cardiac structure and function, cardiac risk markers, or clinical outcome but was associated with a dose‐dependent decrease in renal function.Clinical Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT02992288.
Personalized diabetes management recommendations at hospital discharge based on a computerized, pre‐hospitalization clinical profile analysis: A prospective, electronic health records–based study
Authors: Wasserstrum Yishay , Peles‐Bortz Anat , Dabahi Sara , Gringauz Irina , Tirosh Amir , Zimlichman Eyal , Segal Gad 
Published: September 2019

SummaryBackgroundWhile glycemic control of hospitalized diabetic patients is straightforward, personalization of management at discharge is challenging. Treatment guidelines base recommendations on the clinical profile of patients. We checked the feasibility of implementing discharge recommendations, based on the clinical profile in the patients' electronic health records (EHR).MethodsA decision‐making algorithm was devised according to current guidelines. It was incorporated into the EHR. A prospective follow‐up of eligible diabetes patients was done.ResultsDuring 15 months, 835 patients (HbA1c was 6.9% [6.2%‐7.8%]) met our inclusion criteria. The rate of HbA1c acquisition increased from 55% during Q1 to 85%, 86%, 88%, and 87% thereafter. Also, the rate of incorporating personalized management recommendations to discharge letters increased: from 14.9% during Q1 to 42.9%, 43.0%, 47.2%, and 53.4% thereafter. Fifty‐eight (17.3%) of patients who got personalized recommendations upon discharge were found to have HbA1c values that were over 1% deviating from suggested target HbA1c. They got the most stringent recommendations. Twenty‐nine (50%) of them had available follow‐up HbA1c values showing a significant drop in HbA1c: from 9.1% (8.4%‐10.2%) to 8.5% (7.4%‐9.5%), P = .03.ConclusionsPersonalized, EHR algorithm‐based, management recommendations for diabetes upon discharge from hospitalization are feasible and beneficial.