bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Randomised trial of the comparison of drug-eluting stents in patients with diabetes: OCT DES trial
Authors: Hamshere Stephen , Byrne Alex , Choudhury Tawfiq , Gallagher Sean M , Rathod Krishnaraj S , Lungley Julia , Knight Charles J , Kapur Akhil , Jones Daniel A , Mathur Anthony 
Published: April 2018

BackgroundTo date, there have been limited comparisons performed between everolimus-eluting stents (EES) and zotarolimus-eluting stents (ZES) in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). The objectives of this study was to assess the use of second-generation drug-eluting stents in patients with DM, using optical coherence tomography (OCT) to compare the level of stent coverage of Boston Scientific Promus Element EES compared with Medtronic Resolute Integrity ZES.(Clinicaltrials.gov numberNCT02060357).MethodsThis is a single-centre randomised blinded trials assessing two commercially available stents in 60 patients with diabetes (ZES: n=30, EES: n=30). Patients underwent intracoronary assessment at 6 months with OCT assessing stent coverage, malapposition, neointimal thickness and percentage of in-stent restenosis (ISR).ResultsOf the 60 patients randomised, 46 patients underwent OCT analysis. There was no difference in baseline characteristics between the two groups. Both Promus Element and Resolute Integrity had low rates of uncovered struts at 6 months with no significant difference between the two groups (2.44% vs 1.24%, respectively; P=0.17). Rates of malapposition struts (3.9% vs 2.5%, P=0.25) and percentage of luminal loss did not differ between stent types. In addition, there was no significant difference in major adverse cardiovascular events (P=0.24) between the stent types.ConclusionsThis study is the first randomised trial to evaluate OCT at 6 months for ZES and EES in patients with diabetes. Both stents showed comparable strut coverage at 6 months, with no difference in ISR rates at 6 months.
Spatial variation of fundamental constants: Testing models with thermonuclear supernovae
Authors: Negrelli C. , Kraiselburd L. , Landau S. , García-Berro E. 
Published: April 2018

Since Dirac stated his Large Number Hypothesis the space-time variation of fundamental constants has been an active subject of research. Here we analyze the possible spatial variation of two fundamental constants: the fine structure constant [Formula: see text] and the speed of light [Formula: see text]. We study the effects of such variations on the luminosity distance and on the peak luminosity of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia). For this, we consider the change of each fundamental constant separately and discuss a dipole model for its variation. Elaborating upon our previous work, we take into account the variation of the peak luminosity of Type Ia supernovae resulting from the variation of each of these fundamental constants. Furthermore, we also include the change of the energy release during the explosion, which was not studied before in the literature. We perform a statistical analysis to compare the predictions of the dipole model for [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] variation with the Union 2.1 and JLA compilations of SNe Ia. Allowing the nuisance parameters of the distance estimator [Formula: see text] and the cosmological density matter [Formula: see text] to vary. As a result of our analysis, we obtain a first estimate of the possible spatial variation of the speed of light [Formula: see text]. On the other hand, we find that there is no significant difference between the several phenomenological models studied here and the standard cosmological model, in which fundamental constants do not vary at all. Thus, we conclude that the actual set of data of Type Ia supernovae does not allow to verify the hypothetical spatial variation of fundamental constants.
PAM50 and Risk of Recurrence Scores for Interval Breast Cancers
Authors: Puvanesarajah Samantha , Nyante Sarah J. , Kuzmiak Cherie M. , Chen Mengjie , Tse Chiu-Kit , Sun Xuezheng , Allott Emma H. , Kirk Erin L. , Carey Lisa A. , Perou Charles M. , Olshan Andrew F. , Henderson Louise M. , Troester Melissa A. 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Breast cancers detected after a negative breast screening examination and prior to the next screening are referred to as interval cancers. These cancers generally have poor clinical characteristics compared with screen-detected cancers, but associations between interval cancer and genomic cancer characteristics are not well understood. Mammographically screened women diagnosed with primary invasive breast cancer from 1993 to 2013 (n = 370) were identified by linking the Carolina Breast Cancer Study and the Carolina Mammography Registry. Among women with a registry-identified screening mammogram 0 to 24 months before diagnosis, cancers were classified as screen-detected (N = 165) or interval-detected (N = 205). Using logistic regression, we examined the association of mode of detection with cancer characteristics (clinical, IHC, and genomic), overall, and in analyses stratified on mammographic density and race. Interval cancer was associated with large tumors [&gt;2 cm; OR, 2.3; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.5–3.7], positive nodal status (OR, 1.8; 95% CI, 1.1–2.8), and triple-negative subtype (OR, 2.5; 95% CI, 1.1–5.5). Interval cancers were more likely to have non-Luminal A subtype (OR, 2.9; 95% CI, 1.5–5.7), whereas screen-detected cancers tended to be more indolent (96% had low risk of recurrence genomic scores; 71% were PAM50 Luminal A). When stratifying by mammographic density and race, associations between interval detection and poor prognostic features were similar by race and density status. Strong associations between interval cancers and poor-prognosis genomic features (non-Luminal A subtype and high risk of recurrence score) suggest that aggressive tumor biology is an important contributor to interval cancer rates. Cancer Prev Res; 11(6); 327–36. ©2018 AACR.
Role of Alpha-Smooth Muscle Actin and Fibroblast Activation Protein Alpha in Ovarian Neoplasms
Authors: da Silva Ana Carolinne , Jammal Millena Prata , Etchebehere Renata Margarida , Murta Eddie Fernando Candido , Nomelini Rosekeila Simões 
Published: April 2018

<b><i>Background/Aims:</i></b> Studies show that tumor growth is not just determined by the presence of malignant cells, since interactions between cancer cells and stromal microenvironment have important impacts on the cancer growth and progression. Cancer-associated fibroblasts play a prominent role in this process. The aims of the study were to investigate 2 cancer-associated fibroblasts markers, alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), and fibroblast activation protein alpha (FAP) in the stromal microenvironment of benign and malignant ovarian epithelial neoplasms, and to relate their tissue expression with prognostic factors in ovarian cancer. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> α-SMA and FAP were evaluated by immunohistochemistry in malignant (<i>n</i> = 28) and benign (<i>n</i> = 28) ovarian neoplasms. Fisher’s exact test was used with a significance level lower than 0.05. <b><i>Results:</i></b> FAP immunostaining was stronger in ovarian cancer when compared to benign neoplasms (<i>p</i> = 0.0366). There was no significant difference in relation to α-SMA expression between malignant and benign ovarian neoplasms as well as prognostic factors. In ovarian cancer, FAP stainings 2/3 was significantly related to histological grades 2 and 3 (<i>p</i> = 0.0183). <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> FAP immunostaining is more intense in malignant neoplasms than in benign ovarian neoplasms, as well as in moderately differentiated and undifferentiated ovarian carcinomas compared to well-differentiated neoplasms, thus indicating that it can be used as a marker of worse prognosis.
Relationship between the von Willebrand Factor Plasma Concentration and Ultrasonographic Doppler Findings in Pregnancies Complicated by Hypertensive Disorders: A Pilot Study
Authors: Szpera-Gozdziewicz Agata , Gozdziewicz Tomasz , Boruczkowski Maciej , Dworacki Grzegorz , Breborowicz Grzegorz H. 
Published: April 2018

<b><i>Background/Aims:</i></b> Recent evidence suggests that impaired cytotrophoblast proliferation and migration are major factors responsible for the development of hypertension in pregnancy. Studies report that von Willebrand factor (vWf) is a specific endothelial damage plasma marker. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between vWf maternal plasma concentration and maternal and fetal Doppler flow measurements in pregnancies complicated by hypertension. It may provide additional insight into the pathophysiology of pregnancy-related hypertension and show the potential method for disease prevention and therapy. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We created 3 study groups: pregnant women with chronic hypertension (<i>n</i> = 10), gestational hypertension (<i>n</i> = 18), preeclampsia (<i>n</i> = 21), and control (22 healthy pregnant women). Every woman underwent ultrasound Doppler flow measurements performed simultaneously with venous blood collection. The vWf plasma concentrations were assessed using the commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The preeclampsia group had significantly higher vWf plasma concentrations in those patients with ultrasonographic features of placental insufficiency than in those without these characteristics (638 ± 208 vs. 377 ± 74 ng/mL; <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.017). <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Our results may confirm the arrangement and severity of endothelial damage in preeclamptic patients and may have identified those patients with a significantly higher risk of developing cardiovascular disease.
Fibroblast Growth Factor 23: A Biomarker of Kidney Function Decline
Authors: Drew David A. , Katz Ronit , Kritchevsky Stephen , Ix Joachim H. , Shlipak Michael G. , Newman Anne B. , Hoofnagle Andy , Fried Linda , Sarnak Mark J. , Gutierrez Orlando M. 
Published: April 2018

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF-23) is a hormone that regulates phosphorus levels and vitamin D metabolism. Previous studies have shown FGF-23 to be a risk factor for incident end-stage renal disease; however, there are less data on the association of FGF-23 with earlier kidney-related outcomes. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Serum FGF-23 was assayed using an intact ELISA assay in 2,496 participants of the Healthy Aging and Body Composition Study, a cohort of well-functioning older adults. Kidney function was estimated by assaying cystatin C at baseline and years 3 and 10. The associations between FGF-23 and decline in kidney function (defined by estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) decline ≥30% or ≥3 mL/min/year) and incident chronic kidney disease (CKD; incident eGFR &#x3c;60 mL/min/1.73 m<sup>2</sup> and ≥1 mL/min/year decline) were evaluated. Models were adjusted for demographics, baseline eGFR, urine albumin/creatinine ratio, comorbidity, and serum calcium, phosphorus, 25(OH) vitamin D and parathyroid hormone. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The mean (SD) age was 75 (3) years, with 52% female and 38% black. There were 405 persons with 30% decline, 702 with &#x3e;3 mL/min/year decline, and 536 with incident CKD. In fully adjusted continuous models, doubling of FGF-23 concentrations was not associated with kidney function decline (OR [95% CI] = 0.98 [0.82–1.19] for ≥30% decline and OR 1.17 [95% CI 1.00–1.37] for ≥3 mL/min/year decline), or incident CKD (incident rate ratio [IRR] 1.05 [95% CI 0.91–1.22]). In adjusted quartile analysis, the highest quartile of FGF-23 was significantly associated with incident CKD (IRR 1.27 [95% CI 1.02–1.58] for highest vs. lowest quartile). <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Higher FGF-23 concentrations were not consistently associated with decline in kidney function or incident CKD in community-dwelling older adults.
Breakfast Skipping and Obesity Risk among Urban Adults in Bangladesh
Authors: Goon Shatabdi , Islam Md. Saiful 
Published: April 2018

<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:PunctuationKerning /> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas /> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:Compatibility> <w:BreakWrappedTables /> <w:SnapToGridInCell /> <w:WrapTextWithPunct /> <w:UseAsianBreakRules /> <w:DontGrowAutofit /> </w:Compatibility> <w:BrowserLevel>MicrosoftInternetExplorer4</w:BrowserLevel> </w:WordDocument> </xml><![endif]--><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;">Positive association between skipping breakfast and overweight and obesity is globally observed regardless of cultural diversity among countries. A cross-sectional descriptive study was performed on a total of 426 urban adults, who were randomly selected in a nutrition counseling center of Dhaka city, Bangladesh. The objective of this study was determining the association between breakfast skipping and obesity risk in urban adults of Bangladesh. Results indicated that approximately 35.2% of the sample skipped breakfast. Gender was the only statistically significant sociodemographic variable, with females skipping at two times the rate of males (OR 95% CI: 1.9; 1.3-2.9). Obesity was detected among 39.5% of breakfast skippers and they showed significantly high prevalence (X<sup>2</sup>=30.15,<em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"> p&lt;</em>0.05). Skippers were significantly more likely being obese (OR 3.5; 95% CI 2.2-5.5) and obesity was more prevalent in female skippers (X<sup>2</sup>=8.7,<em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"> p&lt;</em>0.05), with three times more compared to male skippers (OR 95% CI: 2.8; 1.4-5.9). Breakfast skipping is highly prevalent among urban adult population with significant association of obesity in Bangladesh.<span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"> H</span>ealth promotion strategies should be used to encourage all adults to eat breakfast regularly.</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;"> </p><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" LatentStyleCount="156"> </w:LatentStyles> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if !mso]><object classid="clsid:38481807-CA0E-42D2-BF39-B33AF135CC4D" id=ieooui></object> <mce:style><! st1\:*{behavior:url(#ieooui) } --> <!--[endif] --><!--[if gte mso 10]> <mce:style><! /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable	{mso-style-name:"Table Normal";	mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;	mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;	mso-style-noshow:yes;	mso-style-parent:"";	mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;	mso-para-margin:0in;	mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt;	mso-pagination:widow-orphan;	font-size:10.0pt;	font-family:"Times New Roman";	mso-ansi-language:#0400;	mso-fareast-language:#0400;	mso-bidi-language:#0400;} --> <!--[endif] -->
Association Between Cytomegalovirus Infection and Bad Obstetric Outcomes in Women from Kirkuk
Authors: Majeed Hassan Hala Mohamed , Alsamarai Abdulghani Mohamed , Aljumaili Zainab Khalil , Alobaidi Amina Hamed , Alsalihi Ferah Ghali 
Published: April 2018

<p>The human cytomegalovirus (CMV) is one of the common viral infections worldwide that represent a major causes of congenital infections. To determine the seroprevalence of CMV in women with bad obstetric history and sociodemographic characteristics that may influence the seropositivity, a case<strong> </strong>control descriptive prospective study was conducted in Kirkuk, Iraq. A 838 women with age range from 14 to 48 were included in the study. Of the total, 547 women were with bad obstetric history(BOH) and 291 women with normal previous pregnancy as control group. All the serum samples collected from the study and control groups were tested for CMV IgM and IgG antibodies by ELISA kits. CMV IgM seroprevalence was higher in women with BOH.<strong> </strong>CMV IgG seroprevalence was with no significant difference between BOH and control. CMV IgG seroprevalence significantly influenced by age, education, smoking, and family size. However, CMV IgM seroprevalence significantly associated with pregnancy, residence, and animal exposure. Odd ratio confirmed the association between CMV IgG and age, crowding index, residence, smoking, and number of abortion in women with BOH. In addition, current CMV infection significantly associated with residence in women with BOH.</p>
The Impact of Environmental Factors on Malaria Prevalence in a Peri-Urban Community in Kwara State, Nigeria
Authors: Mokuolu Olubunmi Ajike , D Adegboye Oluwayemisi , A Mokuolu Olugbenga 
Published: April 2018

<p>There is a consensus on the relationship between Malaria Prevalence (MP) and Environmental Factors (EF); however, there is a dearth of published data providing this evidence in a quantifiable way. This community based study was undertaken to identify the magnitude of the relationship between MP and key environmental factors in Okelele, Ilorin East Local Government Area of Kwara State, Nigeria. A multi-staged sampling procedure was adopted for the selection of 501 children from 200 households. Children under the age of 14 years in the selected households were sampled to obtain baseline MP using malaria Rapid Diagnostic Test (mRDT) kit. Key household informant interviews and structured questionnaire were used. Relevant socio-demographic characteristics of the households, EF and non EF were determined. Acquired data was analyzed using statistical tools to determine the relationship between various independent variables and mRDT. Variables were also entered into a multiple regression equation for the generation of a mathematical model. Ethical consent was obtained from the parents before samples were taken.The study showed that EF contributed to MP in the study area. Integrated waste management system, and regular environmental sanitation were recommended.</p>
Mood Change of English, French and Chinese Immigrants in Ottawa-Gatineau Region, Canada
Authors: Tang Ning , MacDougall Colin 
Published: April 2018

This multicultural study aimed at examining moodchange of English, French and Chinese speaking immigrants in Ottawa-Gatineau Region, Canada, and identifying demographic factors that impact the change. 810 immigrants of English, French and Chinese speaking sub-groupswere recruited by purposive-sampling. Using self-reports, respondents answered questions regarding moodchange (moodstatus change and mood belief change) and demography in Multicultural Lifestyle Change Questionnaire of English, French or Chinese version. Data were analyzed statistically for the different immigrant sub-groups. Immigrants of different gender, language and category sub-groups exhibited different Mood Change Rates, Mood Improving Rates,Mood Declining Rates and MoodBelief Change Rates. There was no statistical difference between the ratesof immigrant sub-groups.Mood Change (MoodStatus Change + MoodBelief Change) was correlated positively with Mother Tongue and negatively with Speaking Languages. Mood Status Change was negatively correlated with Marital Status and Highest Level of Education. Mother Tongue, Speaking Languages and Highest Level of Education significantly impacted MoodChange (Mood Status Change + Mood Belief Change). Marital Status and Highest Level of Education significantly influenced Mood Status Change. Immigrants of different sub-groups in Canada experienceddifferentmoodchanges. Marital Status and Highest Level of Educationwerethe main factors impacting Mood Status Change. Mother Tongue and Speaking Languages werethe principal factors influencing Mood Belief Change. Culture was an important factor contributing Mood Change. Acculturation could impact Mood Status Change and Mood Belief Change. Data of immigrant mood change can provide evidence for health policy-making and policy-revising in Canada.
Association of Men's Awareness of Danger Sign of Obstetric Complication and Male Involvement’s in Birth Preparedness Practices at South Ethiopia
Authors: Debiso Alemu Tamiso , Merdekios Behailu , Tilahun Marelign 
Published: April 2018

The Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS) indicate that maternal mortality in Ethiopia is one of the highest in the world. This death toll can be prevented partially through increasing awareness on danger sign of obstetric complications and birth preparedness practices for mother, husbands and other family members. Community based cross sectional study was done. Adult males with a wife or partner who had been through childbirth in the preceding 36 months were included in the study. Data was collected by pretested structured questionnaires and multi stage cluster sampling was used to reach 845 samples which were calculated by using StatCalc program of Epi Info 7. Collected data was cleaned and entered in to Epi Info 7 and exported to SPSS (IBM-20) for further analysis. Hierarchical logistic regression model and adjusted odds ratio with 95% confident interval were used to show association between men awareness and birth preparedness practices. The total numbers of men interviewed were 836 that makes response rate of 98.9%. Severe abdominal pain (87%) was the most recognized danger sign during pregnancy and 17.9% men involve in saving money. Forty two point two percent of men had awareness of danger sign and 9.4 %( 95% CI: (7.42, 11.4) of men involved in birth preparedness practice. Strong association between men awareness of danger sign of obstetric complications and involvements in birth preparedness practices persisted after adjusting for probable confounders. Thus respondents who had awareness of danger signs were two times (AOR: 1.91, 95% CI: 1.06, 3.41) more likely to involve in preparedness practice than respondents who had no awareness of danger signs of obstetric complication. The prevalence of men awareness of danger sign &amp; involvement in birth preparedness practice was very low.
Retrospective Assessment of Malnutrition among Under-five Children in Ayder Referral Hospital, Tigray Ethiopia
Authors: Gultie Teklemariam , Mebrahtu Desta , Sebsibie Girum 
Published: April 2018

Currently worldwide there are about 60 million children with moderate acute and 13 million with severe acute malnutrition. About 9% of sub-Saharan African and 15%of south Asian children have moderate acute malnutrition and about 2% of children in developing countries have severe acute malnutrition. The objective of aim the study was<strong> </strong>to assess the magnitude of malnutrition in under five children in Ayder referral hospital using a retrospective cross-sectional study design. This study showed that male children, 168(58.1%), were higher than female, 121(41.9%).. Majority, 133(46%), were in the age group b/n 12 to 24 months .More than half, 186(64.4%) were rural dwellers. The types of malnutrition identified were Marasmus, kwashiorkor, Marasmic kwash and underweight which account for 116(40.1%), 69(23.9%), 54(18.7%) and 50(17.5%) respectively. Marasmus was the predominant type of malnutrition in all age groups of under five malnourished children with prevalence of 40.1% where as underweight was the prevalent type of malnutrition (17.3%). More over the infant feeding practices such as exclusive breast feeding, timely initiation of complementary feeding, and having history of breast feeding once in their life during infancy were relatively higher among the children as compared with other studies.