bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tailoring reversible insulin aggregates loaded in electrosprayed arabinoxylan microspheres intended for colon‐targeted delivery
Authors: Morales‐Burgos Ana M. , Carvajal‐Millan Elizabeth , Rascón‐Chu Agustín , Martínez‐López Ana L. , Lizardi‐Mendoza Jaime , López‐Franco Yolanda L. , Brown‐Bojorquez Francisco 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACTArabinoxylans (AX) covalent gels are little affected by pH changes and fermentable by colonic microbiota, which make them suitable for insulin oral administration and colon‐targeted delivery. In this work, the tailoring of insulin aggregates size using glutamic acid and their loading in AX microspheres (2%w/v) prepared by triaxial electrospray is presented. Dynamic light scattering showed that insulin‐glutamic acid aggregates are reversible under intestinal conditions. AX microspheres presented a spherical shape, a mean diameter of 233 μm, a heterogeneous microstructure as shown by scanning electron microscopy, and a homogeneous distribution of insulin aggregates as observed by confocal laser scanning microscopy. In this AX‐insulin system, 20% of insulin is released under simulated gastrointestinal pH conditions, indicating that most of the insulin stays into the microspheres, available for colonic release. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47960.
Randomized clinical trial of endovenous laser ablationversusdirect and indirect radiofrequency ablation for the treatment of great saphenous varicose veins
Authors: Hamann S A S , Timmer-de Mik L , Fritschy W M , Kuiters G R R , Nijsten T E C , Bos R R 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe current treatment strategy for many patients with varicose veins is endovenous thermal ablation. The most common forms of this are endovenous laser ablation (EVLA) and radiofrequency ablation (RFA). However, at present there is no clear consensus on which of these treatments is superior. The objective of this study was to compare EVLA with two forms of RFA: direct RFA (dRFA; radiofrequency-induced thermotherapy) and indirect RFA (iRFA; VNUS ClosureFast™).MethodsPatients with symptomatic great saphenous vein (GSV) incompetence were randomized to receive EVLA, dRFA or iRFA. Patients were followed up at 2 weeks, 6 and 12 months. The primary outcome was GSV occlusion rate. Secondary outcomes included Venous Clinical Severity Score (VCSS), Aberdeen Varicose Vein Questionnaire (AVVQ) score and adverse events.ResultsSome 450 patients received the allocated treatment (EVLA, 148; dRFA, 152; iRFA, 150). The intention-to-treat analysis showed occlusion rates of 75·0 (95 per cent c.i. 68·0 to 82·0), 59·9 (52·1 to 67·7) and 81·3 (75·1 to 87·6) per cent respectively after 1 year (P = 0·007 for EVLA versus dRFA, P &lt; 0·001 for dRFA versus iRFA, P = 0·208 for EVLA versus iRFA). VCSS improved significantly for all treatments with no significant differences between them. AVVQ scores also improved significantly for all treatments, but iRFA had significantly better scores than dRFA at 12 months. Significantly more adverse events were reported after treatment with EVLA (103) than after dRFA (61) and iRFA (65), especially more pain.ConclusionPrimary GSV occlusion rates were better after iRFA and EVLA than dRFA. All three interventions were effective in improving the clinical severity of varicose veins at 1 year.
Extraction and Conversion Studies of the Antiaddictive Alkaloids Coronaridine, Ibogamine, Voacangine, and Ibogaine from Two Mexican Tabernaemontana Species (Apocynaceae)
Authors: Krengel Felix , Mijangos Marco V. , Reyes‐Lezama Marisol , Reyes‐Chilpa Ricardo 
Published: May 2019

AbstractSeveral species from the Apocynaceae family, such as Tabernanthe iboga, Voacanga africana, and many Tabernaemontana species, produce ibogan type alkaloids, some of which present antiaddictive properties. In this study, we used gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) to examine the efficiency of methanol, acetone, ethyl acetate, dichloromethane, chloroform, and hydrochloric acid in extracting the antiaddictive compounds coronaridine, ibogamine, voacangine, and ibogaine (altogether the CIVI‐complex) from the root barks of Tabernaemontana alba and Tabernaemontana arborea. These Mexican species have recently shown great potential as alternative natural sources of the aforementioned substances. Methanol proved to be the most suitable solvent. Furthermore, the crude methanolic extracts could be engaged in a one‐step demethoxycarbonylation process that converted coronaridine and voacangine directly into its non‐carboxylic counterparts ibogamine and ibogaine, respectively, without the intermediacy of their carboxylic acids. The established protocol straightforwardly simplifies the alkaloid mixture from four to two majority compounds. In summary, our findings facilitate and improve both the qualitative and quantitative analysis of CIVI‐complex‐containing plant material, as well as outlining a viable method for the bulk production of these scientifically and pharmaceutically important substances from Mexican Tabernaemontana species.
A Temperature‐Driven, Reversible, Helical‐Handedness Inversion in Peptaibol Analogues Tuned by the C‐Terminal Capping Moiety
Authors: De Zotti Marta , Syryamina Victoria N. , Hussain Rohanah , Longo Edoardo , Siligardi Giuliano , Dzuba Sergei A. , Stella Lorenzo , Formaggio Fernando 
Published: May 2019

AbstractTrichogin is a natural peptide endowed with antimicrobial and antitumor activity. A member of the peptaibol family, trichogin possesses a C‐terminal amino alcohol. In the past, this moiety was substituted for a methyl ester for synthetic purposes and it was observed that this apparently slight modification caused significant changes in the peptide bioactivity. With the aim of understanding the reasons behind such observations, a detailed spectroscopic study on a number of trichogin analogues has been performed. Herein, data obtained from synchrotron radiation circular dichroism, NMR spectroscopy, and fluorescence spectroscopy in organic solvents at cryogenic temperatures are compared with those independently acquired by means of EPR spectroscopy at 80 K. It is unambiguously revealed that the presence of a reversible, temperature‐driven, screw‐sense interconversion from a right‐ to left‐handed helix is determined by the C‐terminal capping moiety. Data demonstrate, for the first time, the key role of a C‐terminal methyl ester in promoting peptide screw‐sense inversion.
Cardiac resynchronization therapy with multipoint pacing in a patient with cancer therapeutics‐related cardiac dysfunction
Authors: Massacesi Cristiano , Ceriello Laura , Di Girolamo Enrico 
Published: May 2019

AbstractCardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) with multipoint pacing and quadripolar lead implantation showed improvement in systolic function, reduction in left ventricular volumes, and improved functional capacity in a patient with cancer therapeutics‐related cardiac dysfunction; this therapy could be a valid option in those cases where a suboptimal CRT response is expected.
Misdiagnosis of uncommon presentation of Angiolymphoid hyperplasia with Eosinophilia
Authors: Zhou Lai‐lai , Zhang Ru‐zhi 
Published: May 2019

AbstractIn 50‐year‐old female patients, the purple‐red papules in the right upper arm were misdiagnosed as molluscum contagiosum or scars. The diagnosis of angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia was determined on the basis of the clinicopathological features.
Gold‐Silver Catalysts: Ruling Factors for Establishing Synergism
Authors: Stucchi Marta , Jouve Andrea , Villa Alberto , Nagy Gergely , Németh Miklòs , Evangelisti Claudio , Zanella Rodolfo , Prati Laura 
Published: May 2019

AbstractDPU and SOL immobilisation have been used to prepare 1 %AuAg/TiO2 with internal ratio 1 : 1 and 4 : 1 which have been studied as fresh, calcined in air at 300 °C and reduced at 550 °C in H2. TEM‐EDS, XPS, UV‐Vis and CO‐DRIFT allowed to characterize the samples in terms of particle size, particle composition, exposure and oxidation state of metals. Correlating these characteristics to the catalytic behaviour we concluded that only Au‐rich catalysts show synergistic effect, silver in bimetallic systems appears more resistant to oxidation than in monometallic one, thermal treatment enhances the SMSI thus producing (regardless to the post‐treatment) almost the same amount of Auδ+ and also Agδ+. Catalysts prepared by DPU (calcined in air or reduced in H2) are more active than SOL (fresh or calcined) probably due to the higher presence of gold at the surface.
Chirality‐Controlled Self‐Assembly of Amphiphilic Dibenzo[6]helicenes into Langmuir–Blodgett Thin Films
Authors: Holec Jan , Rybáček Jiří , Vacek Jaroslav , Karras Manfred , Bednárová Lucie , Buděšínský Miloš , Slušná Michaela , Holý Petr , Schmidt Bernd , Stará Irena G. , Starý Ivo 
Published: May 2019

AbstractRacemic and highly enantioenriched 3‐methoxycarbonyl, 3‐carboxy, and 3‐hydroxymethyl derivatives of dibenzo[6]helicene were prepared. The Langmuir layers of these helicenes were formed at the air–water interface and transferred onto solid substrates to afford Langmuir–Blodgett films, which were then studied by ambient atomic force microscopy and (chir)optical spectroscopy. Significant differences were found in the behaviour of the Langmuir layers as well as in the morphology, UV/Vis, electronic circular dichroism (ECD), and fluorescence spectra of the Langmuir–Blodgett thin films depending on the molecular chirality and nature of the polar group. The experimental results were supported by molecular dynamics simulations.
Rhodium(I)‐Catalyzed [4 + 2] Cycloaddition Reactions of 2‐Alkylenecyclo‐butanols with Alkynes and (E)‐2‐Nitroethenylbenzene through C(sp2)—C(sp3) Bond Cleavage
Authors: Zheng Xinxin , Zhang Guozhu , Zhang Dayong 
Published: May 2019

Summary of main observation and conclusionAn intermolecular [4 + 2] cycloaddition was realized through C—C bond cleavage in the presence of Rh(I) catalyst. The selective ring opening of 2‐alkylenecyclobutanols enables the generation of active alkenylrhodium species, which underwent smooth cross addition over alkynes and (E)‐2‐nitroethenylbenzene, leading to highly substituted all‐carbon six‐membered rings in a single step and in a complete atom economy.
On the Optimal Design of Wall‐to‐Wall Heat Transport
Authors: Doering Charles R. , Tobasco Ian 
Published: May 2019

AbstractWe consider the problem of optimizing heat transport through an incompressible fluid layer. Modeling passive scalar transport by advection‐diffusion, we maximize the mean rate of total transport by a divergence‐free velocity field. Subject to various boundary conditions and intensity constraints, we prove that the maximal rate of transport scales linearly in the r.m.s. kinetic energy and, up to possible logarithmic corrections, as the one‐third power of the mean enstrophy in the advective regime. This makes rigorous a previous prediction on the near optimality of convection rolls for energy‐constrained transport. On the other hand, optimal designs for enstrophy‐constrained transport are significantly more difficult to describe: we introduce a “branching” flow design with an unbounded number of degrees of freedom and prove it achieves nearly optimal transport. The main technical tool behind these results is a variational principle for evaluating the transport of candidate designs. The principle admits dual formulations for bounding transport from above and below. While the upper bound is closely related to the “background method,” the lower bound reveals a connection between the optimal design problems considered herein and other apparently related model problems from mathematical materials science. These connections serve to motivate designs. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Impella CP use in patients with non‐ischaemic cardiogenic shock
Authors: Maniuc Octavian , Salinger Tim , Anders Fabian , Müntze Jonas , Liu Dan , Hu Kai , Ertl Georg , Frantz Stefan , Nordbeck Peter 
Published: May 2019

AbstractAimsFrom the various mechanical cardiac assist devices and indications available, the use of the percutaneous intraventricular Impella CP pump is usually restricted to acute ischaemic shock or prophylactic indications in high‐risk interventions. In the present study, we investigated clinical usefulness of the Impella CP device in patients with non‐ischaemic cardiogenic shock as compared with acute ischaemia.Methods and resultsIn this retrospective single‐centre analysis, patients who received an Impella CP at the University Hospital Würzburg between 2013 and 2017 due to non‐ischaemic cardiogenic shock were age‐matched 2:1 with patients receiving the device due to ischaemic cardiogenic shock. Inclusion criteria were therapy refractory haemodynamic instability with severe left ventricular systolic dysfunction and serum lactate >2.0 mmol/L at implantation. Basic clinical data, indications for mechanical ventricular support, and outcome were obtained in all patients with non‐ischaemic as well as ischaemic shock and compared between both groups. Continuous variables are expressed as mean ± standard deviation or median (quartiles). Categorical variables are presented as count and per cent. Twenty‐five patients had cardiogenic shock due to non‐ischaemic reasons and were compared with 50 patients with cardiogenic shock due to acute myocardial infarction. Resuscitation rates before implantation of Impella CP were high (32 vs. 42%; P = 0.402). At implantation, patients with non‐ischaemic cardiogenic shock had lower levels of high‐sensitive troponin T (110.65 [57.87–322.1] vs. 1610 [450.8–3861.5] pg/mL; P = 0.001) and lactate dehydrogenase (377 [279–608] vs. 616 [371.3–1109] U/L; P = 0.007), while age (59 ± 16 vs. 61.7 ± 11; P = 0.401), glomerular filtration rate (43.5 [33.2–59.7] vs. 48 [35.75–69] mL/min; P = 0.290), C‐reactive protein (5.17 [3.27–10.26] vs. 10.97 [3.23–17.2] mg/dL; P = 0.195), catecholamine index (30.6 [10.6–116.9] vs. 47.6 [11.7–90] μg/kg/min; P = 0.663), and serum lactate (2.6 [2.2–5.8] vs. 2.9 [1.3–6.6] mmol/L; P = 0.424) were comparable between both groups. There was a trend for longer duration of Impella support in the non‐ischaemic groups (5 [2–7.5] vs. 3 [2–5.25] days, P = 0.211). Rates of haemodialysis (52 vs. 47%; P = 0.680) and transition to extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (13.6 vs. 22.2%; P = 0.521) were comparable. No significant difference was found regarding both 30 day survival (48 vs. 30%; P = 0.126) and in‐hospital mortality (66.7 vs. 74%; P = 0.512), although there was a trend for better survival in the non‐ischaemic group.ConclusionsThese data suggest that temporary use of the Impella CP device might be a useful therapeutic option for bridge to recovery not only in ischaemic but also in non‐ischaemic cardiogenic shock.
Seasonal Variation of Proximate Composition and Lipid Nutritional Value of Two Species of Scallops (Chlamys farreri and Patinopecten yessoensis)
Authors: Wu Zi‐Xuan , Hu Xiao‐Pei , Zhou Da‐Yong , Tan Zhi‐Feng , Liu Yu‐Xin , Xie Hong‐Kai , Rakariyatham Kanyasiri , Shahidi Fereidoon 
Published: May 2019

The scallops Chlamys farreri and Patinopecten yessoensis from the Yellow Sea are evaluated according to the seasonal changes of lipid nutritional value including lipid classes, phospholipid (PL) classes, fatty acid (FA) composition, atherogenicity index (IA), thrombogenicity index (IT), and glycerophospholipid molecular species, for the first time. More than 32 species of glycerophosphocholine (GPCho) and 42 species of glycerophosphoethanolamine (GPEtn) are determined. For samples harvested in February, the PL molecular species containing eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) account for 48.57–50.77% and 80.45–85.50% of total molecular species, respectively, for GPCho and GPEtn. Moreover, the samples harvested in February contain higher levels of polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) (58.76–59.12% of total FA) and PL (84.67–85.11% of total lipids) but lower level of cholesterol (8.77–10.10%) as well as IA (0.29–0.31) and IT (0.12–0.13) compared to samples harvested in other seasons. Therefore considering nutritional value, the lipids from scallops (C. farreri and P. yessoensis) harvested in February have better value in view of commercial exploitation.Practical Application: A systematic and in‐depth investigation on seasonal changes in basic component and lipid nutritional value in adductor muscle of C. farreri and P. yessoensis is reported in this contribution. This useful information makes it possible to use scallop lipid for producing higher value‐added products in view of commercial exploitation.Chlamys farreri and Patinopecten yessoensis from the Yellow Sea are evaluated according to the seasonal changes of lipid qualities including lipid classes, phospholipid classes, fatty acid composition, atherogenicity index, thrombogenicity index, and glycerophospholipid molecular species for the first time. Considering nutritional value, the lipids from scallops (C. farreri and P. yessoensis) harvest in February have better value in view of commercial exploitation.
Enantioselective determination of cathinones in urine by high pressure in‐line SPE–CE
Authors: Pérez‐Alcaraz Albert , Borrull Francesc , Aguilar Carme , Calull Marta 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThis work presents a strategy based on the in‐line coupling of SPE and CE for the chiral determination of cathinones (R,S‐mephedrone, R,S‐4‐methylephedrine, and R,S‐ methylenedioxypyrovalerone) in urine samples, using a sample pretreatment based on liquid‐liquid extraction. The chiral separation of the compounds is achieved by adding a mixture of 8 mM 2‐hydroxypropil β‐CD and 5 mM β‐CD to the BGE, which consists of 70 mM of monosodium phosphate aqueous solution at pH 2.5. Oasis HLB was the selected sorbent for the in‐line SPE device, and to reduce analysis time and LODs, several parameters affecting the in‐line SPE system were evaluated, such as pressure and time of sample injection and dimensions of the SPE device. The highest preconcentration factors were achieved by using 3 bar of injection pressure for 20 min with an in‐line SPE device of 2 mm length and 150 µm of i.d. The developed method was applied to determine the presence of the compounds in spiked urine samples. The LODs obtained were between 3 and 8 ng/mL, and these levels were below the usual concentrations at which these drugs are present in urine from cathinone abusers. Thus, the optimized method has the potential to be applied for toxicological and forensic purposes.
Effect of thermal radiation on magnetohydrodynamic three‐dimensional motion of a nanofluid past a shrinking surface under the influence of a heat source
Authors: Sharma Ram Prakash , Seshadri Rajeswari , Mishra S. R. , Munjam Shankar Rao 
Published: May 2019

AbstractAn analytical technique known as the homotopy analysis method is used to acquire solutions for magnetohydrodynamic 3‐D motion of a viscous nanofluid over a saturated porous medium with a heat source and thermal radiation. The governing nonlinear partial differential equations are changed to ordinary differential equations employing appropriate transformations. Validation of the present result is done with the help of error analysis for flow and temperature. The influences of pertinent parameters on momentum, energy, and Nusselt number are studied and discussed. The major findings are: the velocity of the nanofluid is affected by the nanoparticle volume fraction and the thickness of the thermal boundary layer becomes thinner and thinner subject to sink, whereas the effect is revered in case of the source.
Infant mental health home visiting in the context of an infant—toddler court team: Changes in parental responsiveness and reflective functioning
Authors: Stacks Ann M. , Barron Carla C. , Wong Kristyn 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACTThis article describes an infant–toddler court team in Michigan, the community‐based participatory research approach to the implementation evaluation, and the resulting changes in parenting. Like other court teams, Michigan's Baby Court is led by a science‐informed jurist, and all service providers are knowledgeable about the developmental needs of young children and engage in collaborative communication throughout the case. Relationship‐based treatment in the form of infant mental health home‐visiting was provided to families. Sixteen parents participated in pre‐ and posttest evaluation visits to assess changes in parents’ reflective functioning and interactions with their child. Findings suggest improvements in parents’ responsiveness, positive affect, and reflective functioning, with moderate effects. Higher risk parents demonstrated significant changes in reflective functioning, as compared to those at lower risk. These findings add to and support the limited literature on the effectiveness of infant–toddler court teams, which include relationship‐based and trauma‐informed services.
Whole‐brain microcirculation detection after ischemic stroke based on swept‐source optical coherence tomography
Authors: Liu Jian , Ding Ning , Yu Yao , Liu Lanxiang , Yuan Xincheng , Lv Hongyu , Zhao Yuqian , Ma Zhenhe 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe occurrence and development of ischemic stroke are closely related to cerebral blood flow. Real‐time monitoring of cerebral perfusion level is very useful for understanding the mechanisms of the disease. A wide field of view (FOV) is conducive to capturing lesions and observing the progression of the disease. In this paper, we attempt to monitor the whole‐brain microcirculation in middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) rats over time using a wide FOV swept‐source OCT (SS‐OCT) system. A constrained image registration algorithm is used to remove motion artifacts that are prone to occur in a wide FOV angiography. During ischemia, cerebral perfusion levels in the left and right hemispheres, as well as in the whole brain were quantified and compared. Changes in the shape and location of blood vessels were also recorded. The results showed that the trend in cerebral perfusion levels of both hemispheres was highly consistent during MCAO, and the position of the blood vessels varied over time. This work will provide new insights of ischemic stroke and is helpful to assess the effectiveness of potential treatment strategies.