bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Muscle function deterioration in patients with haemophilia: Prospective experience from Costa Rica
Authors: Seuser A. , Navarrete‐Duran M. , Auerswald G. , Mancuso M. E. 
Published: March 2018

IntroductionIn haemophilia, recurrent joint bleeds are responsible for the development of chronic joint damage, because blood induces biochemical changes in joint structures. Joint degeneration is a long process, and structural damage is often preceded by joint dysfunction, which is represented by quantitative and qualitative changes in the contraction pattern of muscles around the joints. Muscle function in patients with haemophilia is still poorly investigated.AimThe aim of this 2‐year prospective study was to assess the changes in muscle function of lower limbs in a group of patients affected with haemophilia in San José, Costa Rica.MethodsMuscle function of lower limbs was assessed by means of surface electromyography (sEMG) accomplished at study enrolment and after 2 years of follow‐up. Gluteus medius, vastus medialis, biceps femoris, gastrocnemius and tibialis anterior were examined. All patients underwent concurrent clinical examination using Haemophilia Joint Health Score (HJHS).ResultsSixty patients aged 2‐43 years with severe haemophilia underwent clinical and sEMG evaluation. Thirty‐two patients (53%) had target joints. sEMG parameters were altered in all patients and were not correlated to the presence of target joints and/or an abnormal HJHS. Muscle function deterioration was observed after 2 years of follow‐up despite an unmodified HJHS.ConclusionsMuscle function of lower limbs as detected by means of sEMG was impaired in patients with haemophilia irrespective of the presence of overt joint damage. sEMG is a simple and sensitive assessment tool able to detect muscle dysfunction and so favouring the implementation of early rehabilitation therapy.
“In vitro” correction of the severe factor V deficiency‐related coagulopathy by a novel plasma‐derived factor V concentrate
Authors: Bulato C. , Novembrino C. , Anzoletti M. Boscolo , Spiezia L. , Gavasso S. , Berbenni C. , Tagariello G. , Farina C. , Nardini I. , Campello E. , Peyvandi F. , Simioni P. 
Published: March 2018

IntroductionSevere congenital factor V (FV) deficiency is a rare bleeding disorder characterized by very low/undetectable levels of FV. Fresh frozen plasma is the standard treatment for bleeding manifestations. Recently, a novel plasma‐derived FV concentrate has been developed.AimTo evaluate the “in vitro” ability of the novel FV concentrate to normalize clotting times and generate normal amount of thrombin in plasma collected from patients with severe FV deficiency.MethodsProthrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), FV activity and antigen levels and thrombin generation were measured pre‐ and postspiking of plasma samples of 10 patients with increasing doses of FV concentrate (from 0 to 100 IU/dL).ResultsProthrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time ratios as well as all thrombin generation parameters were fully corrected by the addition of FV concentrate at a final concentration of 25 IU/dL. However, the addition of FV at a concentration of 1‐3 IU/dL was already sufficient to correct peak height and endogenous thrombin potential (but not lag time and time to peak) after activation with 5 pmol/L tissue factor. FV activity and antigen levels showed a linear response to supplementation with the novel FV concentrate.ConclusionThe novel plasma‐derived FV concentrate was effective to correct “in vitro” severe FV deficiency in patients. The optimal FV concentration to fully normalize both global clotting times and thrombin generation parameters using the novel plasma‐derived FV concentrate was 25 IU/dL.
Is mepivacaine as effective as lidocaine during inferior alveolar nerve blocks in patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis? A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Vieira W. A. , Paranhos L. R. , Cericato G. O. , Franco A. , Ribeiro M. A. G. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThis study aimed to compare the effectiveness of mepivacaine and lidocaine for pulpal anaesthesia and pain control when administered via an inferior alveolar nerve block during the root canal treatment of mandibular molars in patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis. A research protocol was developed and registered in PROSPERO. The systematic search was conducted during May 2017 in eight databases. The studies were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Two examiners analysed the sample independently, decided the eligibility for inclusion and classified the articles according to their quality. Statistical analysis was performed with Mantel‐Haenszel and I‐square (I2) tests considering a confidence interval of 95%. The initial sample consisted of 1130 articles, out of which four were eligible. The articles were published between 1993 and 2016. For both pulpal anaesthesia and pain control, there was no significant difference between mepivacaine and lidocaine (P = 0.843, I2 = 0%, and P = 0.183, I2 = 21.1%, respectively). Mepivacaine and lidocaine were similarly effective for pulpal anaesthesia and pain control after inferior alveolar nerve blocks for root canal treatment.
Exploration of high‐gravity fermentation to improve lactic acid bacteria performance and consumer's acceptance of malt wort‐fermented beverages
Authors: Dongmo Nsogning Sorelle , Kollmannsberger Hubert , Fischer Susann , Becker Thomas 
Published: March 2018

SummaryLactic acid bacteria (LAB) fermentation performance is essential for aroma metabolites formation and product flavour quality. Hence, this study appraises high‐gravity malt wort fermentation (HGF) by three LAB strains to improve the fermentation performance and consumer's acceptance of lactic acid‐fermented malt‐based beverages (LAFMB). HGF at 20% (w/w) provided higher amino acid content and buffering capacity that allowed greater cell development, viable cell count and sugar utilisation. Moreover, the pH change was lesser although marked lactic acid accumulation. It is noteworthy that HGF significantly incremented the content of higher alcohols (+0 – 161%), 2‐phenylethanol (+11–147%), acetaldehyde (+27–44%) and β‐damascenone (+25 – 66%) comparing to low‐gravity malt wort at 12%. Thus, HG‐fermented beverages were significantly preferred with greater hedonic scores (4.6 ± 2.1). Our results indicate that HGF is a valuable strategy for improving LAB fermentation performance in malt wort, which in turn increases key aroma compound content resulting in enhanced acceptance of LAFMB.
Molecular insight into targeting the NK cell immune response to cancer
Authors: Rautela Jai , Souza‐Fonseca‐Guimaraes Fernando , Hediyeh‐Zadeh Soroor , Delconte Rebecca B , Davis Melissa J , Huntington Nicholas D 
Published: March 2018

AbstractNatural Killer (NK) cells have long been considered an important part of the anti‐tumor immune response due to their potent cytolytic and cytokine‐secreting abilities. To date, a clear demonstration of the role NK cells play in human cancer is lacking, and there are still very few examples of therapies that efficiently exploit or enhance the spontaneous ability of NK cells to destroy the autologous cancer cells. Given the paradigm shift toward cancer immunotherapy over the past decade, there is a renewed push to understand how NK cell homeostasis and function are regulated in order to therapeutically harness these cells to treat cancer. This review will highlight recent advancements in our understanding of how growth factors impact on NK cell development, differentiation, survival and function with an emphasis on how these pathways may influence NK cell activity in the tumor microenvironment and control of cancer metastasis.
‘It was riotous behaviour!’: Mothers’ experiences of adolescents’ conduct while abusing drugs
Authors: Groenewald Candice 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe impact of adolescent substance abuse is widespread and significantly compromises the psychosocial well‐being of those closest to the adolescent. This is evidentially so for parents who are required to cope with the adolescent's misconduct. Using an interpretative phenomenological methodology, this article describes mothers’ experiences of living with an adolescent who is dependent on drugs. Specifically, the article explores the mothers’ accounts of the pernicious behaviours that the adolescents engage(d) in during their drug abuse period. Qualitative 1:1 interviews revealed two common forms of adolescent misconduct that the mothers had to contend with which were ‘belligerent attitudes and conducts’ and ‘pilfering behaviours’. The mothers further reported that the adolescents’ behaviours negatively impacted on the mother–adolescent relationship, producing feelings of mistrust and a lack of trust. The findings contribute to the sparse literature on parents’ experiences and thus hold implications for research and practice. Understanding the challenges that mothers contend with when adolescents engage in problematic drug use is important for the development of support interventions to help parents cope effectively. Further implications are presented in the article.
Disparities exist between the dietary intake of Indigenous Australian women during pregnancy and the Australian dietary guidelines: the Gomeroi gaaynggal study
Authors: Lee Y. Q. , Collins C. E. , Schumacher T. L. , Weatherall L. J. , Keogh L. , Sutherland K. , Gordon A. , Rae K. M. , Pringle K. G. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractBackgroundLittle is known about the adequacy of nutrient intakes and the overall diet quality of Indigenous Australian pregnant women. The aim of this cross‐sectional study was to assess nutrient sufficiency and diet quality, as measured using the Australian Recommended Food Score (ARFS), in pregnant women from the Gomeroi gaaynggal cohort (n = 58).MethodsMaternal dietary intake during pregnancy was assessed using the Australian Eating Survey Food Frequency Questionnaire, which was self‐administered in the third trimester. Diet quality was determined using the ARFS. Food group servings and nutrient intakes were compared to the Australian Guide to Health Eating (AGHE) and Australian Nutrient Reference Values (NRVs). The current analysis examined the adequacy of usual intakes from food sources only, excluding supplements.ResultsNone of the women met all AGHE daily food group serving recommendations. The highest alignment rates were for dairy (33%), meat/alternatives (31%) and vegetables (29.3%). Almost 93% of participants exceeded the recommended intake of energy‐dense, nutrient‐poor foods and percentage energy from saturated fat was high (15%). Of the five key nutrients for optimal reproductive health (folate, iron, calcium, zinc and fibre), the nutrients with the highest percentage of pregnant women achieving the NRVs were zinc (77.6%) and folate (68.9%), whereas iron was the lowest. Only one person achieved all NRVs (folate, iron, calcium, zinc and fibre) important in pregnancy. The median ARFS was 28 points (maximum of 73).ConclusionsAlthough the small cohort limits the generalisability of the findings of the present study, the data obtained indicate that the diets of these Indigenous pregnant women are inadequate. Therefore, strategies aiming to optimise nutrient intakes of Indigenous pregnant women are needed urgently.
Correlates of toenail selenium and its cross‐sectional association with metabolic syndrome
Authors: Jang H. , Morris J. S. , Park K. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractBackgroundThe present study aimed to identify independent correlates of toenail selenium levels and to examine the association between toenail selenium levels and metabolic syndrome in Korean adults.MethodsCross‐sectional analysis was conducted using baseline data from the Trace Element Study of Korean Adults in the Yeungnam area, an ongoing cohort study of Korean adults over the age of 35 years. The baseline survey consisted of questionnaires on demographics, lifestyle characteristics and medical information. Dietary information was obtained through a validated semi‐quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Toenail selenium levels were quantified using neutron activation analysis. Biomarkers associated with metabolic syndrome were obtained from biennial medical check‐ups.ResultsIn the multivariable‐adjusted analyses, independent lifestyle and dietary correlates of higher selenium levels were alcohol drinking (4.62% higher than nondrinking) and egg intake (0.43% higher per weekly serving), whereas current smoking (5.42% lower than nonsmoking) and vegetable consumption (0.05% lower per weekly serving) were associated with lower toenail selenium levels. In the multivariable adjusted logistic regression, no significant association was observed between toenail selenium levels and metabolic syndrome (odds ratio = 1.33, 95% confidence interval = 0.58–3.05).ConclusionsMultiple lifestyle and dietary factors influenced toenail selenium levels, although no meaningful association was observed between toenail selenium levels and metabolic syndrome in Korean adults. Future prospective large‐scale cohort studies are required to determine whether there is a causal relationship between selenium levels and metabolic syndrome in Korean adults.
Scaling‐Up of Industrial Symbiosis in the Korean National Eco‐Industrial Park Program: Examining Its Evolution over the 10 Years between 2005–2014
Authors: Park Jooyoung , Park Jun‐Mo , Park Hung‐Suck 
Published: March 2018

SummaryIn 2005, South Korea initiated the 15‐year National Eco‐Industrial Park Development Program in three stages to gradually transform aged industrial complexes into eco‐industrial parks (EIPs) by promoting industrial symbiosis (IS). Building upon the pilot experiences from the first 5 years, the second phase of the program focused on the scaling‐up of IS at a broader regional level. Key scaling‐up strategies included the expansion of target areas by connecting multiple industrial complexes, the standardization of processes and dissemination of learning, and the development of large‐scale projects that could contribute to the regional development. In this study, we examined the evolution of IS over the last 10 years between 2005 and 2014, primarily to understand the characteristics and impact of these scaling‐up strategies. Our findings showed that the scale of IS in the second phase had increased in various aspects in comparison to that in the first phase. The number of operating projects had increased from 52 to 159, the number of participating firms increased from 90 to 596, and the average distance of IS increased from 40 to 48 kilometers. The size of economic and environmental benefits also increased along with an increase in the private investment and government research funding. We further analyzed the role of the regional EIP centers as facilitators, how their activities influenced the scaling‐up of IS, and discussed the characteristics of the Korea's approach to IS.
High‐Resolution Insight into Materials Criticality: Quantifying Risk for By‐Product Metals from Primary Production
Authors: Fu Xinkai , Polli Adriano , Olivetti Elsa 
Published: March 2018

SummaryMany advanced energy and environmentally relevant technologies rely on metals that have been identified as critical, or whose availability may be limited. Several of these elements are produced mostly as by‐products of mining other base metals (carriers). This by‐product dependence has been proposed as a significant supply‐risk indicator by the materials criticality community. This article provides new quantitative evidence that, in several cases, by‐product metals’ availability may not be directly limited by carrier supply. We perform an assessment based on characteristics essential to by‐product metals, including physical concentration, market value of metals, and extraction technology efficiency. We analyze 40 carrier/by‐product pairs and identify five ‘high‐by‐product’ pairs. We assess the supply responsiveness of these metals. Our analysis suggests that rather than limited primary production of carrier, lack of incentive for improving recovery efficiency may limit availability of the by‐product. This behavior is found in the zinc‐indium and copper‐selenium systems. For germanium, on the other hand, we instead propose influence from the by‐product market itself leading to price inelasticity of supply. As a complement to other quantitative methods developed for material systems, such as material flow analysis, we provide an essential technoeconomic analysis of the by‐product metals problem by employing cluster analysis and econometric modeling. This approach provides insight into supply‐risk mitigation strategies related to extraction efficiency and supply‐chain structure.
Two Tertiary metamorphic events recognized in high‐pressure metapelites of the Nevado‐Filábride Complex (Betic Cordillera, S Spain)
Authors: Li Botao , Massonne Hans‐Joachim 
Published: March 2018

AbstractTwo phengite–garnet‐bearing metapelites from the Nevado‐Filábride Complex, Betic Cordillera, one from the Ragua unit (sample 23085) and the other (sample 23098) from the Calar Alto unit, were studied in detail to elucidate their metamorphic evolution. We calculated various P–T pseudosections for different O2 and H2O‐CO2 contents and Fe3+/Fe2+ ratios with PERPLE_X . On the basis of the compositions of the garnet core and the highest Si content in potassic white mica, different peak pressures of 12.7 ± 0.7 kbar at 525 ± 10°C (23085) and 17.4 ± 1.2 kbar at 526 ± 17°C (23098) resulted (errors refer to an estimated 1σ range). The suggested clockwise P–T loop was followed in both cases by another loop caused by a reheating process. On the basis of garnet rim compositions, peak temperatures of 596 ± 10°C at 10.7 ± 1.4 kbar (23085) and 629 ± 11°C at 8.5 ± 0.7 kbar (23098) resulted, supported by Zr‐in‐rutile thermometry (23085: 591 ± 11°C; 23098: 607 ± 10°C). In situ dating of monazite (23085) with the electron microprobe yielded ages between c. 48 and 14 Ma. On the basis of the monazite composition and histogram analysis, two age populations with mean ages of 40.2 ± 1.7 (1σ) and 24.1 ± 0.8 Ma could be defined. Low Y2O3 contents (<0.6 wt%) in monazite point to its formation after initial growth of garnet. The older generation was therefore assigned to the formation of the garnet core and the early P–T loop. The younger monazite population was related to the late P–T loop. A geodynamic scenario is hypothesized that assigns the Eocene metamorphism to subduction of a continental margin to depths of 50–65 km, followed by exhumation in an exhumation channel accompanied by mixing of slices of different rock types including mantle rocks. This process ended with stacking of such slices causing reheating of the studied rocks in the Early Miocene. The noted time gap of c. 15 Ma between subduction and nappe stacking is similar to the continent–continent collisional orogeny of the Himalaya.
In vivo efficacy and properties of semisolid formulations containing panthenol
Authors: Pavlačková Jana , Egner Pavlína , Sedláček Tomáš , Mokrejš Pavel , Sedlaříková Jana , Polášková Jana 
Published: March 2018

SummaryBackgroundPanthenol is an active substance used in dermatology to protect the health of the skin, to treat defects in the morphology of the stratum corneum. In cosmetology, hydrating, softening, and barrier function of panthenol are utilized. Detailed studies evaluating the efficacy of panthenol in cosmetic and pharmaceutical semisolid formulations and establishing its optimum concentration are needed.ObjectivesTo investigate whether an addition of 5‐13 wt% panthenol in o/w and w/o emulsions increases hydration and supports the barrier properties of the skin. Rheological properties and sensory analysis of prepared formulations are supplemented.MethodsNoninvasive instrumental methods in vivo were used. The hydration and barrier effect of semisolid formulations on the skin were observed for 48 hour; testing was conducted on 40 women. The effect was compared with formulations without any content of panthenol. The rheological and organoleptic properties of the formulations were evaluated.ResultsAfter applying either form of the formulations containing 7‐11 wt% of panthenol hydration of the skin increased, transepidermal water loss decreased. pH of the skin shifted toward neutral after application of tested formulations. The rheological properties of the formulations were influenced by the type of vehicle, the amount of panthenol, and temperature. Sensory evaluation of both semisolid forms revealed statistically significant differences in o/w formulations with regard to spreadability.ConclusionsThe presence of panthenol in an o/w and w/o semisolid formulations significantly enhances skin barrier repair and hydration of the stratum corneum. Better vehicle for the active substance as regards hydration proved o/w formulations.
Efficacy of biofeedback therapy on sleep bruxism: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Jokubauskas L. , Baltrušaitytė A. 
Published: March 2018

SummaryThis study updates the review published by Wang et al in 2014 (Sleep Breath 2014;18(2):235‐242). The review focuses on the most recent literature on management of sleep bruxism (SB) with biofeedback. An electronic search was conducted in five databases searching for articles published later than the date of Wang et al's search, viz., October 2012. Six articles of 2320 identified citations involving 86 adult participants were included in the qualitative synthesis. Of them, 4 were randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and 2 were uncontrolled before‐after studies. Different feedback modalities (electrical, auditory and vibratory stimulus) were investigated. The overall quality of the selected studies was assessed using the GRADE criteria. Due to heterogeneity between studies, the quantitative synthesis was performed out of three RCTs, of which two were retrieved from the previous review. The meta‐analysis indicated a non‐significant difference in electromyographic‐measured SB episodes per hour after one night of contingent electrical stimulation (CES) compared with placebo control, yet a significant difference was shown after five nights of CES. The quality of evidence identified through GRADEpro was from low to moderate, due to imprecision and inconsistency between studies. Qualitative synthesis did not present a reliable reduction in clinical pain levels; however, no substantial sleep disturbances were indicated following the intervention. In conclusion, one of the biofeedback modalities, CES, is effective in reducing SB‐related motor activities after a short‐term treatment period. However, evidence of long‐term effects is lacking. Further longitudinal studies with larger samples are necessary to acknowledge the clinical application of biofeedback.