bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluating public perceptions, attitudes and participation in water resource management: The case of an urban township in South Africa
Authors: Mashazi T. P. , Morole M. S. , Modley L. S. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Public participation in water resource management is crucial for community development and resource sustainability. Many studies on water resource management have been done on urban river systems, focusing on water quality, and concentrating mainly on the physical, chemical and biological parameters, while neglecting the social impacts. An example of this is seen in the Kaalspruit, a highly polluted river in the township of Tembisa. After the confluence with the Olifantspruit River, the Kaalspruit runs through the residential and highly industrialised areas of Clayville, Tembisa and Ivory Park in Johannesburg, South Africa. The aim of the study is to evaluate public perception, participation and attitudes towards water resource management in the Kaalspruit River, and to aid with a related community management plan. This was achieved by purposive and random sampling of relevant stakeholders and the public. Community knowledge was used to increase water quality awareness. The study revealed that those surveyed are discontented with the river's current state but are interested in rehabilitating it. Their participation highlighted the need for a community-based management plan for the river.
Reduction of area and influence of the deposit layer in the first stage of a full-scale French system of vertical flow constructed wetlands in a tropical area
Authors: Trein Camila Maria , Zumalacarregui Jorge Alejandro García , Moraes Mirene Augusta de Andrade , von Sperling Marcos 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Utilization of the French system of vertical wetlands for treating raw sewage keeps increasing, but there is still limited consolidated information on their long term use in tropical countries. Under these conditions, there are indications that surface area requirements can decrease, whilst still keeping a satisfactory performance. However, variations in the operational mode and the role of the surface organic deposit layer under warm climatic conditions have not been fully investigated. The goal of this work was to evaluate the performance of a system comprised of only the first stage of the French system, with a further reduction of 1/3 of the area (utilization of only two units in parallel, instead of three) in terms of organic matter removal and nitrogen conversion, with one unit with a deposit layer accumulated over 9 years of operation, and the other unit without sludge layer, under Brazilian tropical conditions. The system was originally designed according to Cemagref/Irstea recommendations for the first-stage of the French system for the treatment of raw sewage generated by an equivalent population of 100 inhabitants. However, it was later on changed, and operated with only two units, using only 0.6 m2·pe−1. Feeding and resting periods were of 7 days each. In order to evaluate the influence of the sludge layer, the top sludge from one of the units was removed, and the performance of both units was compared by the Mann-Whitney test. The database comprises the wetland performance values in terms of dissolved oxygen (DO), redox potential (Eh), chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), total suspended solids (TSS), total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN), NH4+-N and NO3+-N, covering a monitoring period of 15 months. The effluent DO concentrations were significantly lower in the unit with top sludge, but still sufficiently high in both units. Although there were some variations between both units, effluent concentrations of the major pollutants were not significantly different in the units with and without sludge, and removal efficiencies based on mean values were considered good, given the reduced area of the system: BOD (80% and 79%), TSS (85% and 82%), TKN (60% and 63%) for the units with and without sludge, respectively. Under Brazilian climatic conditions, with the reduced area and employing longer feeding cycles (7 days), the sludge accumulation rate (less than 1 cm·year−1) was lower compared to the French mean values.
Synthesis and Characterization of Potential and Degraded Impurities of Regadenoson
Authors: Sathiyanarayanan Singaram , Venkatesan Chidambaram Subramanian , Kabilan Senthamaraikannan 
Published: August 2019

Background:
Regadenoson is an A2A adenosine receptor agonist that is a coronary vasodilator
and commonly used as a pharmacologic cardiac stressing agents.

Methods:
HPLC method was used for the analysis of related substances. The degraded impurities during
the process were isolated and characterized by IR, Mass and NMR spectral analysis.

Results:
Forced degradation study of regadenoson under conditions of hydrolysis (neutral, acidic and
alkaline) and oxidations suggested in the ICH Q1A(R2) was accomplished. The drug showed significant
degradation under all the above conditions. On the whole, five novel degradation products were found
under diverse conditions along with process related impurities which were not reported earlier.

Conclusion:
All the degradation products were well characterized by using advanced spectroscopic techniques
like IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and Mass spectra. The identification of these impurities will be productive
for the quality control during the production and stability behavior of the regadenoson drug substance.
A Fast Method for Defogging of Outdoor Visual Images
Authors: Pal Tannistha 
Published: August 2019

Background:
Capturing image in severe atmospheric catastrophe especially in fog critically
degrades the quality of an image and thereby reduces its visibility of which in turn affects several
computer vision applications like visual surveillance detection, intelligent vehicles, remote
sensing, etc. Thus acquiring clear vision is the prime requirement of any image. In the last few
years, many approaches have been directed towards solving this problem.

Methods:
In this article, a comparative analysis has been made on different existing image defogging
algorithms and then a technique has been proposed for image defogging based on dark channel
prior strategy.

Results:
Experimental results show that the proposed method shows efficient results by significantly
improving the visual effects of images in foggy weather. Also the much higher computational time
of the existing techniques has been reduced in this paper by using the proposed method.

Discussion:
Qualitative assessment evaluation was performed on both benchmark and real time data
sets for determining the efficacy of the technique used. Finally, the whole work is concluded with
the relative advantages and shortcomings of the proposed technique.
EBPA: A Novel Framework for the Analysis of Process Performance on the Basis of Real-Time NASA Application
Authors: Sharma Shashank , Srivastava Sumit 
Published: August 2019

Background:
Workflow extraction is the connecting link between process modelling and
data mining. Extraction of information and make insight from it using event log is the primary objective
of workflow mining. The learning got along these logs can build comprehension about the
workflow of procedures and association of different processes. That can help with upgrading them
if necessary.

Objective:
The aim of this paper is to display a process performance based framework where we
compare reference model with extracted model (from a large information system) on the basis of
key performance indices.

Methods:
Proposed approach perform extraction of workflow model using workflow mining. This
process is effective and efficient as compare with building work flow model from scratch. This
shows a logic about how to program event log data gathered from different sensors (Internet of
Events). How we process and investigates to handle and propel the item work process by using the
course of action.

Results:
Proposed approach displays a process based framework for the legacy system that ensures
the effective and efficient working. So that accordingly extracted model behave like referenced model
and results are validated by Key Performance Indices (KPI) for evaluating process performance.

Conclusion:
In this experimental data centric approach, our progressing work is to research a metric
to quantify the nature of reference models and extracted model. On the basis of metric values,
we take the decision on legacy information system process management.
Minimized False Alarm Predictive Threshold for Cloud Service Providers
Authors: Arora Amandeep S. , Raja Linesh , Bahl Barkha 
Published: August 2019

Background:
Cloud Security is a strong hindrance which discourages organisations to move toward
cloud despite huge benefits. Distributed denial of service attacks operated via distributed systems
compromise availability of cloud services which cause limited resources for authentic users
and high expense for cloud service users and business owners.

Objective:
Techniques to identify distributed denial of service attacks with minimized false positives
are highly required to ensure availability of cloud services to genuine users. Scarcity of solution
which can detect denial of service attacks with minimum false positives and reduced detection
delay has motivated us to compare classification algorithms for detection of distributed denial of
service attacks with minimum false positive rate.

Methods:
Classification of incoming requests and outgoing responses using machine learning algorithms
is a quite effective way of detection and prevention. We designed a performance tuned support
vector machine algorithm with features of F-hold cross validation strategy.

Results:
F-hold crosses validation strategy, which can detect denial of service packets with 99.89%
accuracy.

Conclusion:
This system ensures economic sustainability for business owners and limited resources
mitigation for authenticated and valid cloud users.
Patient Recommendations to Improve the Implementation of and Engagement With Portals in Acute Care: Hospital-Based Qualitative Study
Authors: Greysen S Ryan , Magan Yimdriuska , Rosenthal Jamie , Jacolbia Ronald , Auerbach Andrew D , Harrison James D 
Published: August 2019

Background
The inclusion of patient portals into electronic health records in the inpatient setting lags behind progress in the outpatient setting.

Objective
The aim of this study was to understand patient perceptions of using a portal during an episode of acute care and explore patient-perceived barriers and facilitators to portal use during hospitalization.

Methods
We utilized a mixed methods approach to explore patient experiences in using the portal during hospitalization. All patients received a tablet with a brief tutorial, pre- and postuse surveys, and completed in-person semistructured interviews. Qualitative data were coded using thematic analysis to iteratively develop 18 codes that were integrated into 3 themes framed as patient recommendations to hospitals to improve engagement with the portal during acute care. Themes from these qualitative data guided our approach to the analysis of quantitative data.

Results
We enrolled 97 participants: 53 (53/97, 55%) women, 44 (44/97, 45%) nonwhite with an average age of 48 years (19-81 years), and the average length of hospitalization was 6.4 days. A total of 47 participants (47/97, 48%) had an active portal account, 59 participants (59/97, 61%) owned a smartphone, and 79 participants (79/97, 81%) accessed the internet daily. In total, 3 overarching themes emerged from the qualitative analysis of interviews with these patients during their hospital stay: (1) hospitals should provide both access to a device and bring-your-own-device platform to access the portal; (2) hospitals should provide an orientation both on how to use the device and how to use the portal; and (3) hospitals should ensure portal content is up to date and easy to understand.

Conclusions
Patients independently and consistently identified basic needs for device and portal access, education, and usability. Hospitals should prioritize these areas to enable successful implementation of inpatient portals to promote greater patient engagement during acute care.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00102401; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01970852
The Validity of Daily Self-Assessed Perceived Stress Measured Using Smartphones in Healthy Individuals: Cohort Study
Authors: Þórarinsdóttir Helga , Faurholt-Jepsen Maria , Ullum Henrik , Frost Mads , Bardram Jakob E , Kessing Lars Vedel 
Published: August 2019

Background
Smartphones may offer a new and easy tool to assess stress, but the validity has never been investigated.

Objective
This study aimed to investigate (1) the validity of smartphone-based self-assessed stress compared with Cohen Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and (2) whether smartphone-based self-assessed stress correlates with neuroticism (Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Neuroticism, EPQ-N), psychosocial functioning (Functioning Assessment Short Test, FAST), and prior stressful life events (Kendler Questionnaire for Stressful Life Events, SLE).

Methods
A cohort of 40 healthy blood donors with no history of personal or first-generation family history of psychiatric illness and who used an Android smartphone were instructed to self-assess their stress level daily (on a scale from 0 to 2; beta values reflect this scale) for 4 months. At baseline, participants were assessed with the FAST rater-blinded and filled out the EPQ, the PSS, and the SLE. The PSS assessment was repeated after 4 months.

Results
In linear mixed-effect regression and linear regression models, there were statistically significant positive correlations between self-assessed stress and the PSS (beta=.0167; 95% CI 0.0070-0.0026; P=.001), the EPQ-N (beta=.0174; 95% CI 0.0023-0.0325; P=.02), and the FAST (beta=.0329; 95% CI 0.0036-0.0622; P=.03). No correlation was found between smartphone-based self-assessed stress and the SLE.

Conclusions
Daily smartphone-based self-assessed stress seems to be a valid measure of perceived stress. Our study contains a modest sample of 40 healthy participants and adds knowledge to a new but growing field of research. Smartphone-based self-assessed stress is a promising tool for measuring stress in real time in future studies of stress and stress-related behavior.
Immunological Aspects of Trichomonas vaginalis Infection in Women Attending Maternity Teaching Hospital and Some Public Health Centers in Erbil Governorate, Northern Iraq
Authors: Nouraddin Avreen Salahaddin , Alsakee Hadi Mahdi 
Published: August 2019

Trichomonas vaginalis infection is one of the sexually transmitted diseases. It is a health problem all over the world, including Iraq. It has also been associated with adverse outcomes of pregnancy and increased risk of HIV. Trichomoniasis typically elicits aggressive local cellular immune responses with inflammation of the vaginal epithelium and exocervix in women and urethra in men. The present study was aimed to assess serum level of interferon gamma (IFN-γ), Interleukin 10 (IL-10), C-reactive protein, antiphospholipid, anticardiolipin antibodies with eosinophil count as well. Four hundred and forty women with ages ranging between 16 and 60 years old (average of 34.2 years) who attended Maternity Teaching Hospital and a number of public health centers in Erbil Governorate were screened for trichomoniasis by direct wet mount preparation and culture technique. Serum IFN-γ, IL-10, antiphospholipid, and anticardiolipin were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. C-reactive protein (CRP) and eosinophil count were assessed by I CROMA and Coulter, respectively. The results revealed that IL-10 level (96.46 ± 1.97 pg/ml vs. 91.86 ± 1.48 pg/ml), eosinophil count (0.1 ± 0.07 × 10³/μL vs. 0.1 ± 0.01 × 10³/μL), and CRP concentration (2.55 ± 0.74 mg/l vs. 2.27 ± 0.37 mg/l) were non-significantly (P > 0.05) changed in infected women in comparison with negative control group. However, serum IFN-γ level (484.83 ± 38.35 pg/ml vs. 372.15 ± 9.49 pg/ml) was significantly (P < 0.05) elevated in infected women in comparison to the control group. The results also revealed significant increase (P < 0.05) of antiphospholipid immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies (4.75 ± 0.3 U/ml vs. 3.79 ± 0.11 U/ml) in the sera of infected women, but antiphospholipid immunoglobulin M (IgM), anticardiolipin IgG, and anticardiolipin IgM antibodies were non-significantly altered in response to T. vaginalis infection.
Some Immunological and Hematological Parameters among Refugees in Kawergosk Camp – Erbil Governorate
Authors: Salih Tanya S. , Haydar Safa Safin , Ubeid Muhsin H. , Juma Ameena S. M. 
Published: August 2019

The study included 258 Syrian refugees of different ages and sex and another 60 volunteers as control group (C.G). These refugees were in Kawergosk camp in Erbil Governorate. Blood was collected from each individual for the estimation of white blood cell (WBC), eosinophil, iron, hemoglobin (Hb), and immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels. Mean serum levels of IgE among male and female refugees showed highly significant increasing when compared to C.G. Most of the refugees had normal iron levels, where iron concentrations were more than 65 mg/dl among 67 males and more than 50 mg/dl among 104 females and 48 children, while some had iron deficiency in which the majority were female (9 males, 24 females, and 6 children had iron deficiency). In addition, Hb concentrations were normal among 65 males (more than 13.0 g/dl), 89 females (more than 11.0 g/dl), and 48 children (more than 12.0 g/dl). However, anemia was found among 8 men, 42 women, and 6 children. It was revealed that there was a highly significant rising in eosinophils in male and female refugees in comparison to C.G. WBC count is non-significantly slightly increased in both male’s and female’s refugees when compared to C.G.
Molecular design and virtual docking of oligopeptides for binding and elimination interleukin-6 from blood plasma
Authors: Ryabzeva T. V. , Makarevich D. A. , Ermola E. M. , Golubovich V. P. , Kirkovskiy V. V. 
Published: August 2019

Binding of interleukin-6 (IL-6) is the perspective target for the anti-inflammatory therapy in many pathological conditions (sepsis, autoimmune pathology, allergic diseases). The aim of this work was to develop and study the binding IL-6 oligopeptides. To achieve the goal, were set and successfully solved the following tasks: studying three-dimensional models of molecular structures of IL-6 incombination with the R-IL-6 and gp130, prediction and virtual synthesis low molecular weight oligopeptides; evaluating the free energy of IL-6 binding for identity the most effective oligopeptide; studying the changing the concentration of IL-6 inthe model solution after contact with experimental oligopeptides. In the article presents the binding IL-6 energy of 62 peptides, designed using the PyMol. Energy was calculated in the Chimera program using the AutodockVina application. There are also presented results of in vitro experiments interacting 7 sextapeptides, 2 tetrapeptides, and 3 tripeptides with recombinant IL-6. The effectiveness of the peptides was calculated by reducing the concentration of cytokine in solution as a percentage of the initial concentration.The free binding energy has shown that the efficiency of binding increases with an increase in the total number of amino acids and, in particular, of aromatic amino acids in the oligopeptide. Correlation analysis showed that the molecular modeling method is not absolutely effective for predicting the structure of an oligopeptide, however, it can be used as one of the preliminary steps for analyzing the interaction between molecules and studying the optimal interaction points. Two oligopeptides were identified as the most promising for further synthesis as the ligands for binding and evaluating IL-6 inhuman blood plasma.
Reproductive ability of tetraploid cowberry (<i>Vaccinium vitis-idaea</i> L.)
Authors: Gorbunov A. B. , Kurlovich T. V. , Snakina T. I. , Nedovesova T. A. 
Published: August 2019

Creation of allotetraploid cowberry-blueberry hybrids is a promising direction in Vacciniaceae breeding. However, obtaining such hybrids is difficult because of biological features of tetraploid cowberry. In this regard the aim of research was study of pollen viability of tetraploid cowberry, its crossing ability with different species and interspesific blueberry hybrid in various years, as well as based on the results obtained, selection of promising methods of growth stimulation of pollen tubes, hybrid seed setting and cultivation of hybrid seedlings.As a result of research it has been established that tetraploid cowberry is characterized by low productivity and pollen viability, although its viability may reach 10.7 % in some years. Hybrid seedlings gradually died off with growth. On the base of the data obtained it is proposed that a special technique be used to increase hybrid fruit setting (pollination of flowers by a mixture of pollen, pollination in different life spans of a flower, castration of flowers without removing a corolla, reciprocal crosses, spraying pollinated flowers by solutions of growth regulators and microelements) and cultivation of hybrid seedlings (in vitro culture).
Pengaruh Profitabilitas, Leverage, Proporsi Dewan Komisaris, Ukuran KAP dan Ukuran Perusahaan Terhadap Luas Pengungkapan Informasi Sukarela Laporan Keuangan Tahunan Perusahaan Sektor Keuangan Yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia
Authors: Alfiana Yeni 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRAKTujuan penelitian – Penelitian bertujuan untuk menguji secara empiris pengaruh profitabilitas leverage, proporsi dewan komisaris, ukuran KAP dan ukuran perusahaan terhadap luas pengungkapan informasi sukarela laporan keuangan tahunan perusahaan sector keuangan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2014-2016. Desain/Metodologi/Pendekatan – Metode pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling, terdapat 72 perusahaan yang memenuhi kriteria untuk di uji. Data dianalisis melalui analisis kuantitaif dan melalui uji asumsi klasik, sehingga didapat model pengujian hipotesis dengan regresi linier berganda yaitu Y = a+b1X1 + b2X2 + b3X + b4X4 + B5X5 +? Temuan – Secara parsial hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa profiabilitas dan ukuran perusahaan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap luas pengungkapan sukarela, sedangkan leverage, proporsi dewan komisaris, ukuran KAP tidak berpengaruh terhadap luas pengungkapan sukarela. hasil uji F menunjukkan secara simultan seluruh variable independen berpngaruh terhadap variable dependen. Keterbatasan penelitian – penelitian selanjutnya disarankan untuk menambah jumlah sampel perusahaan dan menghitung ulang perhitungan indeks pengungkapan sukarela. Originality/value – Penelitian ini memasukkan lebih banyak variable yang diduga mempengaruhi luas pengungkapan sukarela, sehingga hasil penelitian lebih komprehensif. Keywords: proprosi dewan komisaris, Ukuran KAP, Pengungkapan Sukarela