bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
KEMELUT TEOLOGIS: ANTARA KATOLIKISME, MISTISISME DAN PAGANISME DALAM BLESS ME, ULTIMA
Authors: Minderop Albertine 
Published: March 2019

Novelists aspire to universal truths, and assert that people are basically the same in all places and all times. Novelists ultimately look within themselves to find their words and ideas then explore the subjective realm of the self that, though molded by the social and cultural pressures of their own place and time, acquires suppleness through immersion in a deep literary tradition. This research is the analysis of a novel, Bless Me, Ultima, written by Rudolfo Anaya. The protagonist in this novel is Antonio, a six-year old boy who has theological confusion. His mother is very religious, quiet and patient; while his environment is full of violence, murder, and injustice. Some of his friends are non-believers and Ultima, a mystical, old woman has a great influence on him. He regards her as a wise person who can give him secure and peaceful feeling. In his way to be grown up and mature, he is asking the existence of God to answer his questions about unpleasant things and the mystery of life. When he thinks God never answers his questions, he turns to paganism – following his friends to worship the golden carp. A tragedy happens to one of the pagans, then he turns to mysticism where he can get peace and secure feeling, though he still calls the name of God. The method of the research used is hermeneutics – the method of interpretation of the literary texts; the approaches used in this research are literature and philosophy.
ILMU BUDAYA DAN METODOLOGINYA Bagaimana Ilmu Budaya Menghadapi Perubahan Episteme?
Authors: Haryatmoko Haryatmoko 
Published: March 2019

This research focuses on how to comprehend cultural study scientifically. In elaborating cultural studies, the main problem lies on digesting reality, which will not be simple. In addition, a certain construct of cultural studies emerges as well as its models of elaboration. By using Gilles-Gaston Granger framework, on the relationship between the object of the study and human comprehension three models of explanation are explained. Those models are energetics, cybernetics, and semantics. The first two models are closer to natural science. These models also tend to be reductive and deterministic. The last model tends to be closer to cultural studies because it touches the actions of human, which needs to be interpreted.
PEMEROLEHAN BAHASA ANAK USIA 3 BULAN — 2 TAHUN (Studi Kasus pada Muhammad Zaini)
Authors: Rafiek M. 
Published: March 2019

This study aims to describe and explain the first syllable and words or phrases spoken by Muhammad Zaini from the age of 3 months to 2 years of age. This study uses a longitudinal approach with observing and recording techniques. The theory used in this study is the theory of the language acquisition from Steinberg, Nagata, and Aline and Crystal. This research is also supported by theory of first utterance phases from Steinberg, Nagata, and Aline and Piaget. The researcher manages to find the first syllable acquired by Muhammad Zaini, namely ma [mل]. This study also found other syllables Muhammad Zaini obtained after the first syllable, i.e bah ‘father’, a ‘eat’, tah ‘vomit’, dah ‘finished, da ‘three’, dai ‘cake’, ti ‘extinguished’, and pu ‘lights’. After acquiring syllables, then later Muhammad Zaini obtain such word abah ‘father’, totot ‘baby bottle’, inah ‘which means no or do not’, lalai ‘do not’, emma ‘mother’, mother, kaka ‘brother’, I, edah ‘already’, atit ‘ill’, eka or keka ‘open’, deda or kededa ‘no’, uah ‘fruit’, babah ‘sleep’, uka or kuka ‘open’, atu ‘ghost’, au ‘smell’, apu ‘light’ tutu ‘lid’, mau ‘want’, kukura ‘turtle’, ame ‘crowd’, auh ‘far’, dada ‘no’, manas ‘hot’, ngin ‘cold’ lalas ‘hard’, obiy ‘car’, babaluh ‘deep pool’, abis ‘end or finish’, aju ‘forward’, sawat ‘airplane’, and wak ‘fish’. In addition there are also phrases, namely abah...ku ‘my...father’, mama...ku ‘ my...mother’, kaka...ku ‘...my...brother’, sakit babarut ‘stomach ache’, ta api ‘train’, and mati puaw ‘die back or die again’.
PANTUN DAN PEPATAH-PETITIH MINANGKABAU BERLEKSIKON FLORA DAN FAUNA
Authors: Almos Rona , Pramono Pramono , Reniwati Reniwati 
Published: March 2019

Pepatah-petitih is Minangkabau proverbs which contains advices and teachings from the elders. Every sentence found in Minangkabau proverbs contains the Minangkabau basic philosophy which is originally derived from the nature. The thought of Minangkabau people is based on natural phenomena. Minangkabau people learn from everyday life environment. Sometimes the Minangkabau proverbs are presented in form of poetry. Poetry is the most important kind of Minangkabau literature. It becomes a topic, kaba flowers, and ornate speech. Those poems and proverbs are Minangkabau traditional community knowledge (local genius) in the past. This article aims to describe the whole Minangkabau proverbs which contain the terms of flora and fauna and to explain the meaning of those proverbs. There are many terms of flora and fauna found in the proverbs of Minangkabau. The contents taught us in doing good, patience, pituah, perseverance, and truth. They contain rules and high values for the benefit of Minangkabau society.
SIKAP PENGARANG DALAM NOVEL PALAWIDJA KARYA KARIM HALIM DAN KEMBANG JEPUN KARYA REMY SILADO: SEBUAH BANDINGAN
Authors: Bahtiar Ahmad 
Published: March 2019

This research aims at scrutinizing two novels, Palawidja by Karim Halim dan Kembang Jepun by Remy Sylado, by using the theory of literary sosiology to observe the point of views of each authors. Obviosly, they have different pictures on the situation in Indonesia during the Japanese occupation. Remy Sylado, who wrote after the Japanese occupation, gives a more objective picture in his novels than Karim Halim, who live and wrote novels during the Japanese occupation, does. Palawidja is biased due to the fact that Karim Halim worked for Balai Pustaka, a publishing company under the control of the Japanese authority. Therefore, he supported the Japanese propaganda and could not give an objective picture of the condition in Indonesia at the time.
UNSUR INTRALINGUAL DAN EKSTRALINGUAL SEBAGAI PENANDA DAYA BAHASA DAN NILAI RASA BAHASA DALAM KESANTUNAN BERKOMUNIKASI
Authors: Pranowo Pranowo 
Published: March 2019

This study aims to describe the formal elements of extra-lingual and intra-lingual and power of language and the language politeness. This study uses the pragma-semantic theory. Source of data of this research are several private television programs (Indonesia Lawyer Club, Sentilan-Sentilun), Tempo Magazine (Catatan Pinggir ), and the caricature of Sindo Newspaper. The data are in the form of speeches and sentences, which contain extra-lingual and intra-lingual elements. The data analysis is performed by inventorying, classifying, identifying, and interpreting the data, based on the Pragma-semantic theory. The results are (1) forms of extra-lingual and intra-lingual elements are able to bring the power of language as power of criticism, the power of information, the power of banter, power of commands, and allure, (2) forms of extra-lingual and intra-lingual elements are able to bring the values of language, such as pleasure values, the respect values, and the happiness values.
Analysis of Accessing Rural Development Funds
Authors: Csata Andrea 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
The present study aims to analyse successful projects of the Romanian Rural Development Funds from different perspectives based on a county level. The framework of the analysis focuses on two periods: one before the accession, the 2002–2006 period of SAPARD applications, and the other one, the first period of the Rural Development Programme, more specifically, the period between 2007 and 2013. Results show that there is a positive correlation between applications and targeted areas based on infrastructure, tourism, and agriculture indicators. Findings also highlight that there is a positive correlation between the number of previous applications (SAPARD applications before the accession) and the grant size of current applications. Moreover, there is a negative correlation between the grant size of previous applications and the size of current applications. Cluster analysis revealed important social changes: on the one hand, the western counties of Romania (Bihor, Arad, Timiş, and Cluj) have strengthened their position, while other counties are lagging behind.
Lipodystrophy-like features after total body irradiation among survivors of childhood acute leukemia
Authors: Visentin Sandrine , Michel Gérard , Oudin Claire , Cousin Béatrice , Gaborit Bénédicte , Abdesselam Inès , Maraninchi Marie , Nowicki Marion , Valéro René , Guye Maxime , Bernard Monique , Auquier Pascal , Chambost Hervé , Alessi Marie-Christine , Béliard Sophie 
Published: March 2019

Background/objective
The number of long-term survivors of childhood acute leukemia (AL) is substantially growing. These patients are at high risk for metabolic syndrome (MS), especially those who received total body irradiation (TBI). The consequences of children’s irradiation on adipose tissue (AT) development in adulthood are currently unknown. The objective of this study is to assess the impact of TBI on AT of childhood AL survivors.

Design
We compared the morphological and functional characteristics of AT among survivors of childhood AL who developed MS and received (n = 12) or not received (n = 12) TBI.

Subjects/methods
Body fat distribution and ectopic fat stores (abdominal visceral and liver fat) were evaluated by DEXA, MRI and 1H-spectroscopy. Functional characteristics of subcutaneous AT were investigated by studying gene expression and pre-adipocyte differentiation in culture.

Results
Patients who have received TBI exhibited a lower BMI (minus 5 kg/m2) and a lower waist circumference (minus 14 cm), especially irradiated women. Despite the lower quantity of intra-abdominal AT, irradiated patient displayed a nearly two-fold greater content of liver fat when compared to non-irradiated patient (17 vs 9%, P = 0.008). These lipodystrophic-like features are supplemented by molecular abnormalities in subcutaneous AT of irradiated patients: decrease of gene expression of SREBP1 (minus 39%, P = 0.01) and CIDEA (minus 36%, P = 0.004) and a clear alteration of pre-adipocyte differentiation.

Conclusions
These results strongly support the direct effect of irradiation on AT, especially in women, leading to specific nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, despite lower BMI. A long-term appropriate follow-up is necessary for these patients.
Small RNA-Seq Analysis Reveals miRNA Expression Dynamics Across Tissues in the Malaria Vector, Anopheles gambiae
Authors: Bryant William Bart , Mills Mary Katherine , Olson Bradley J S C , Michel Kristin 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Malaria continues to be a major global health problem, where disease transmission is deeply linked to the repeated blood feeding nature of the anautogenous mosquito. Given the tight link between blood feeding and disease transmission, understanding basic biology behind mosquito physiology is a requirement for developing effective vector-borne disease control strategies. In the mosquito, numerous loss of function studies with notable phenotypes demonstrate microRNAs (miRNAs) play significant roles in mosquito physiology. While the field appreciates the importance of a handful of miRNAs, we still need global mosquito tissue miRNA transcriptome studies. To address this need, our goal was to determine the miRNA transcriptome for multiple tissues of the pre-vitellogenic mosquito. To this end, by using small RNA-Seq analysis, we determined miRNA transcriptomes in tissues critical for mosquito reproduction and immunity including (i) fat body-abdominal wall enriched tissues, (ii) midguts, (iii) ovaries, and (iv) remaining tissues comprised of the head and thorax. We found numerous examples of miRNAs exhibiting pan-tissue high- or low- expression, tissue exclusion, and tissue enrichment. We also updated and consolidated the miRNA catalog and provided a detailed genome architecture map for the malaria vector, Anopheles gambiae. This study aims to build a foundation for future research on how miRNAs and potentially other small RNAs regulate mosquito physiology as it relates to vector-borne disease transmission.
Endostatin and Oxaliplatin-Based Chemoradiotherapy for Inoperable Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Results of a Phase II Study
Authors: Li Wenxin , Chen Peng , Zhang Ni , Song Tao , Wu Shixiu 
Published: March 2019

Abstract

Lessons Learned
Definitive concurrent chemoradiotherapy based on oxaliplatin and endostatin was effective with the objective response rate exceeding 80%, and the treatment-related toxicities were acceptable. The treatment compliance of the current combination was much higher, without significant reduction in survival outcomes, than historical reports.

Background
This phase II trial aimed at assessing the efficiency and safety of definitive concurrent chemoradiotherapy (dCRT) using oxaliplatin (OHP) and endostatin in patients with inoperable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).

Methods
Radiotherapy was delivered with a daily fraction of 2.0 Gy to a total dose of 60.0 Gy over 6 weeks. Endostatin and OHP were both intravenously administered at doses of 7.5 mg/m2 daily for 2 weeks and 135 mg/m2 on day 1, respectively, every 3 weeks. The primary endpoint was the objective response rate (ORR).

Results
The analysis included 37 patients. The median age was 63 years (range: 49–71 years), and all patients were stage III–IVA. Of these patients, 97.3% (36/37) completed the dCRT course with an ORR of 83.8%, including 10 (27.0%) patients with complete response and 21 (56.8%) patients with partial response. The median overall survival (OS) time was 18.5 months (95% confidence interval [CI]: 10.6–26.4) with a 2-year OS rate of 39.6% (95% CI: 0.202–0.590). The median progression-free survival (PFS) time was 11.5 months (95% CI: 7.6–15.4) with a 2-year PFS rate of 20.2% (95% CI: 0.049–0.355). Grade 3 toxicities included esophagitis (five patients) and leukocytopenia (three patients). Grade 4 leukopenia was observed in one patient. Late toxicity was infrequent, and no treatment-related death occurred. Posttreatment dysphagia scores were significantly improved when compared with baseline (p &lt; .001).

Conclusion
dCRT based on OHP and endostatin resulted in high treatment compliance with manageable toxicities. This combination resulted in encouraging ORR without compromising survival outcomes. It should be validated in future clinical studies.
EFFICIENT ESTIMATORS OF POPULATION MEAN USING AUXILIARY INFORMATION UNDER SIMPLE RANDOM SAMPLING
Authors: Subzar Mir , Maqbool Showkat , Raja Tariq Ahmad , Pal Surya Kant , Sharma Prayas 
Published: March 2019

AbstractIn the present study we have proposed an improved family of estimators for estimation of population mean using the auxiliary information of median, quartile deviation, Gini’s mean difference, Downton’s Method, Probability Weighted Moments and their linear combinations with correlation coefficient and coefficient of variation. The performance of the proposed family of estimators is analysed by mean square error and bias and compared with the existing estimators in the literature. By this comparison we conclude that our proposed family of estimators is more efficient than the existing estimators. To support the theoretical results, we also provide the empirical study.
A GENERALIZED EXPONENTIAL TYPE ESTIMATOR OF POPULATION MEAN IN THE PRESENCE OF NON-RESPONSE
Authors: Muneer Siraj , Shabbir Javid , Khalil Alamgir 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
In this article, we propose a class of generalized exponential type estimators to estimate the finite population mean by using two auxiliary variables under non-response in simple random sampling. The proposed estimator under non-response in different situations has been studied and gives minimum mean square error as compared to all other considered estimators. Usual exponential ratio type estimator, exponential product type estimator and many more estimators are also identified from the proposed estimator. We use three real data sets to obtain the efficiencies of estimators.
ON MEASURING POLARIZATION FOR ORDINAL DATA: AN APPROACH BASED ON THE DECOMPOSITION OF THE LETI INDEX
Authors: Mussini Mauro 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
This paper deals with the measurement of polarization for ordinal data. Polarization in the distribution of an ordinal variable is measured by using the decomposition of the Leti heterogeneity index. The ratio of the between-group component of the index to the within-group component is used to measure the degree of polarization for an ordinal variable. This polarization measure does not require imposing cardinality on ordered categories to quantify the degree of polarization in the distribution of an ordinal variable. We address the practical issue of identifying groups by using classification trees for ordinal variables. This tree-based approach uncovers the most homogeneous groups from observed data, discovering the patterns of polarization in a data-driven way. An application to Italian survey data on self-reported health status is shown.
ANOTHER LOOK AT THE STATIONARITY OF INFLATION RATES IN OECD COUNTRIES: APPLICATION OF STRUCTURAL BREAK-GARCH-BASED UNIT ROOT TESTS
Authors: Yaya OlaOluwa S. 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
The need to understand the stationarity property of inflation of any country is paramount in the design of monetary targeting policy. In this paper, unit root hypotheses of inflation rates in 21 OECD countries are investigated using the newly proposed GARCH-based unit root tests with structural break and trend specifications. The results show that classical tests over-accept unit roots in inflation rates, whereas these tests are not robust to heteroscedasticity. As it is observed from the pre-tests, those tests with structural break reject more null hypotheses of unit roots of most inflation series than those without structural breaks. By applying variants of GARCH-based unit root tests, which include those with structural breaks and time trend regression specifications, we find that unit root tests without time trend give most rejections of the conventional unit roots. Thus, care should be taken while applying variants of the new unit root tests on weak trending time series as indicated in this work. Batteries of unit root tests for discriminating between stationarity and nonstationarity of inflation rates are recommended, since in the case of over-differenced series, wrong policy decision will be made, particularly when inflation series is considered in a cointegrating relationship with other variables.
Yield and Water Use in Almond under Deficit Irrigation
Authors: Collin Gabriel , Caron Jean , Létourneau Guillaume , Gallichand Jacques 
Published: March 2019

Core Ideas
Maximum yields were obtained with wireless real‐time tensiometers initiating irrigation at –45 kPa.
A significant 16% reduction in water use relative to the grower control was achieved by initiating irrigation at –45 kPa with no yield reduction.
Almond crop is sensitive to water management, as being too wet (initiation at ‐35 kPa) or too dry (initiation at –55 kPa) reduced yield by about 11.0 and 11.3%, respectively.
ABSTRACTIn North America, almond [Prunus dulcis (Mill.) D.A. Webb] trees are grown almost exclusively in the Central Valley of California. Research on deficit irrigation is needed to improve water productivity. Real‐time technology assessing soil water potential to manage irrigation initiation has led to significant improvements in water productivity in other crops. The objective of this study was to examine the possibility of using real‐time tensiometry for irrigation to trigger irrigation events and to generate water savings without affecting crop yield. The yield responses and water consumption of mature almond trees were quantified from 2012 to 2015 for four different irrigation strategies in a commercial orchard located in the San Joaquin Valley in California. Three of the treatments were based on soil water potential threshold (SWPT) measurements and the fourth on the grower’s current management practices, which used estimated crop evapotranspiration (ETc). The SWPT treatments were based on three different stress levels: wet (–35 kPa), medium (−45 kPa), and dry (−55 kPa). There was no significant difference in marketable yield between the grower irrigation strategy and the medium treatment, although the latter used 139 mm less water as a yearly average. In the dry treatment, there was 10% less water applied relative to the medium treatments and 30% less than the grower treatment but a 10% yield reduction compared with the medium and grower treatments. These results indicate that irrigation management for almond could be optimized by initiating irrigation at –45 kPa.
Simulating Winter Wheat Forage Production in the Southern United States Using a Forage Wheat Model
Authors: Woli P. , Rouquette F. M. , Smith G. R. , Long C. R. , Nelson L. R. 
Published: March 2019

Core Ideas
Winter wheat biomass had one‐phase exponential association with N application rate.
A finer, more fertile soil produced more biomass than a coarser, less fertile soil.
Biomass significantly decreased with a delay in planting for N rates ≥135 kg ha–1.
The effect of the initial drought on biomass was higher with an increase in N rate.
The reduction in biomass due to the terminal drought was greatest at 135 kg N ha–1.
ABSTRACTWinter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is an important component of pastures in the southern United States. This study examined winter wheat biomass responses to N application rate as influenced by soil type, planting date, drought, and El Niño‐Southern Oscillation (ENSO) for the Pineywoods region of Texas using a new forage wheat model that had been incorporated into the Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer suite of crop models. Biomass was simulated for various scenarios comprising two soils, three planting dates, seven N rates, and 74 yr of weather data. The biomass response to N rate was represented by a one‐phase exponential association. Biomass generally peaked at 135 kg N ha−1 on the finer, more fertile Lilbert soil and at 269 kg N ha−1 on the coarser, less fertile Darco soil. Biomass decreased with a delay in planting date at N rates ≥135 kg N ha−1 for Lilbert and ≥202 kg N ha−1 for Darco. The effect of drought during September to October was greater for a higher N rate, the Darco soil, and an earlier planting date. The effect of drought during March to April was greatest at 135 kg N ha−1 and greater on Darco, with up to 45% reduction in biomass compared with 35% on Lilbert. Biomass reduction was up to 45% for the mid‐October planting and 32% for the mid‐September planting. Winter wheat biomass yield was not significantly affected by ENSO. These findings might assist winter wheat forage growers in this region in identifying soil type–, planting date–, and weather‐specific N rates to optimize forage production.