bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Developing a sustainable HRM system from a contextual perspective
Authors: Diaz‐Carrion Rosalia , López‐Fernández Macarena , Romero‐Fernandez Pedro M. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractAdopting a sustainability approach in management has become an imperative for organizations. This article addresses this challenge by establishing the criteria for the implementation of a human resource management (HRM) system based on an approach of corporate social responsibility (CSR). It also provides a measurement scale for CSR in the field of HRM. We analyse the sustainability reports of 194 companies quoted on the main stock exchanges of Germany, Spain, Sweden and the United Kingdom. Furthermore, we review the main international CSR standards. Finally, we develop a Delphi study among academic experts. The results have practical implications. They suggest that human resource managers must play a proactive role in pushing their organizations to develop employment practices with a CSR orientation. This will have positive effects for companies internally by enhancing employees' satisfaction and commitment toward the organization, and externally by improving the image that the company projects to society.
Iridium‐Coordinated Histidyl Bolaamphiphile Self‐Assemblies as Heterogeneous Catalysts for Water Oxidation
Authors: Keum Changjoon , Lee Sang‐Yup 
Published: June 2018

AbstractCatalysts that can promote oxygen evolution from water are necessary for green energy production. In this study, colloidal heterogeneous catalysts for oxygen evolution were prepared by coordination of Ir species to self‐assemblies of histidyl bolaamphiphiles. When dissolved in water, the histidyl bolaamphiphiles self‐assembled to form particulate structures with the exposure of densely packed histidine imidazoles on their surface. Subsequent coordination of the Ir species to the bolaamphiphile assembly gave rise to catalytic activity toward the oxygen evolution reaction. The oxygen evolution was examined by using the catalytic assemblies in the presence of a sacrificial oxidant, cerium ammonium nitrate. The Ir‐coordinated assemblies showed a turnover frequency of 13 min−1, which was comparable to those previously reported for molecular water oxidation catalysts. The catalytic activity increased with increasing histidine imidazole/Ir molar ratio, which suggested that multiple coordination of Ir to imidazoles facilitated the formation of active Ir intermediates. This study demonstrates the feasibility of constructing catalytically active interfaces from colloidal bolaamphiphile assemblies with biochemical ligands.
Increased risk of reproductive dysfunction in women prescribed long‐term opioids for musculoskeletal pain: A matched cohort study in the Clinical Practice Research Datalink
Authors: Richardson E. , Bedson J. , Chen Y. , Lacey R. , Dunn K.M. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractBackgroundOne‐fifth of primary care attendees suffer chronic noncancer pain, with musculoskeletal conditions the leading cause. Twelve percent of patients with chronic noncancer pain are prescribed strong opioids. Evidence suggests long‐term opioid use is related to hypogonadism in men, but the relationship in women is unclear. Our aim was to investigate reproductive dysfunction in women prescribed long‐term opioids for musculoskeletal pain.MethodsWe undertook a matched (matched 1:1; for year of birth, year of start of follow‐up and practice) cohort study of women aged 18–55 years old, with musculoskeletal pain and an opioid prescription in the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (a primary care database) between 2002 and 2013. Long‐term opioid users (≥90 days) were compared with short‐term opioid users (<90 days) for four reproductive conditions (abnormal menstruation, low libido, infertility and menopause) using Cox proportional hazards models.ResultsA total of 44,260 women were included; the median cohort age at baseline was 43 years (Interquartile Range 36–49). Long‐term opioid use was associated with an increased risk of altered menstruation (hazard ratio 1.13 95% CI 1.05–1.21) and with an increased risk of menopause (hazard ratio 1.16 95% CI 1.10–1.23). No significant association was found for libido (hazard ratio 1.19 95% CI 0.96–1.48) or infertility (hazard ratio 0.82 95% CI 0.64–1.06).ConclusionsThe risk of menopause and abnormal menstruation was increased in long‐term opioid users. This has implications for clinicians as reproductive dysfunction will need to be considered when prescribing long‐term opioids to women with musculoskeletal conditions.SignificanceThis is a large‐scale cohort examining the relationship between long‐term opioid use and reproductive dysfunction using a UK national primary care database. There is an increased risk of reproductive dysfunction associated with long‐term opioid use.
Variational boundary integral approach for asymmetric impinging jets of arbitrary two‐dimensional nozzle
Authors: Yoo Sung Sic , Liu Wing Kam , Kim Do Wan 
Published: June 2018

SummaryWe consider asymmetric impinging jets issuing from an arbitrary nozzle. The flow is assumed to be two‐dimensional, inviscid, incompressible, and irrotational. The impinging jet from an arbitrary nozzle has a couple of separated infinite free boundaries, which makes the problem hard to solve. We formulate this problem using the stream function represented with a specific single layer potential. This potential can be extended to the surrounding region of the jet flow, and this extension can be proved to be a bounded function. Using this fact, the formulation yields the boundary integral equations on the entire nozzle and free boundary. In addition, a boundary perturbation produces an extraordinary boundary integral equation for the boundary variation. Based on these variational boundary integral equations, we can provide an efficient algorithm that can treat with the asymmetric impinging jets having arbitrarily shaped nozzles. Particularly, the proposed algorithm uses the infinite computational domain instead of a truncated one. To show the convergence and accuracy of the numerical solution, we compare our solutions with the exact solutions of free jets. Numerical results on diverse impinging jets with nozzles of various shapes are also presented to demonstrate the applicability and reliability of the algorithm.
Evaluation of the Effect of Position and Configuration of Electrodes in Benthic Microbial Fuel Cell
Authors: Pushkar P. , Prakash O. , Mungray A. A. , Kumar K. S. , Chongdar S. , Mungray A. K. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractBenthic microbial fuel cell (BMFC) is a futuristic technology for powering low power devices. A major problem in the scale‐up of BMFC is decreasing in the power generation with an increase in the size of the electrodes. However, the multi‐electrodes have a potential to increase the power generation. Therefore, multi‐electrodes (three electrodes) in Horizontal (H) and Vertical (V) configurations are examined in this work. For effective understanding, individual and combined electrodes in both the configurations are analyzed and compared with the Single (S) electrode. The analytical techniques, such as power and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) are used in situ to understand the performance of BMFC. The start‐up provides information that the position of the electrode is the key for the enhancement of power generation. V, H, and S generated a maximum power density of 56.6, 49.4 and 22.5 mW m−2 having internal resistances of 389, 421 and 668 Ω, respectively. EIS data shows that the energy generation is dependent on the capacitance and resistance. The vertical arrangement provided the best configuration.
Generation of albino medaka (Oryzias latipes) by CRISPR/Cas9
Authors: Fang Jian , Chen Tiansheng , Pan Qihua , Wang Qian 
Published: June 2018

AbstractCRISPR/Cas9 system is a powerful tool to produce the genetic modification in plants and animals such as mouse and zebrafish. However, this technique was less reported in fish model medaka (Oryzias latipes). Here, we describe an efficient and rapid procedure for genome editing in medaka tyr and generate a stable albino strain. The Cas9 mRNA and gRNA for tyr gene were injected into the embryos of orange‐red medaka, and the tyr gene was disrupted in more than 90% of embryos in F0 and F1, which were validated by observation and sequencing of targeted locus. The pigment cells were largely decreased in the mutant medaka because open reading frames of tyr were shifted near the targeted locus, generating albino medaka. Taken together, this method provides a detailed procedure to generate the genetic modification medaka by using an optimized CRISPR/Cas9 system, and the new albino medaka provides an important research platform to study the pigmentation.
Parental Absence and Agency: The Household Characteristics of Hazardous Forms of Child Labour in Nepal
Authors: Kamei Akito 
Published: June 2018

AbstractUsing Nepal's first nationwide household survey that incorporates a module (Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey Module 5, Nepal 2014) on children's working conditions, this paper investigates the factors that drive children into hazardous forms of labour. While the importance of eliminating the hazardous and worst forms of child labour has been addressed for many years, quantitative evidence on what household characteristics lead children to work in hazardous environments is scarce. The new finding from this paper is that, even among children who are engaged in child labour, children from poorer households are more likely to engage in hazardous forms of child labour. Similarly, household characteristics such as father's absence due to death, and children living without parental care result in higher risk of children engaging in hazardous labour. The evidence from the empirical analysis about associated factors for hazardous child labour helps policymakers identify families at high risk. Copyright © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of micro‐RNA on tenocytes and tendon‐related gene expression: A systematic review
Authors: Dubin Jeremy A. , Greenberg Daniel R. , Iglinski‐Benjamin Kag C. , Abrams Geoffrey D. 
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACTThe purpose of the review was to synthesize the current literature regarding the effect of miRNA on biological processes known to be involved in tendon and tenocyte development and homeostasis. Using multiple databases, a systematic review was performed with a customized search term crafted to identify any study examining micro‐RNA in relation to tendon and/or tenocytes. Results were classified based on the following categories: Gene expression, tenocyte development and differentiation, tendon tissue repair, and tenocyte senescence. A total of 3,112 potentially relevant studies were reviewed, and after exclusion criteria was applied, 15 investigations were included in the final analysis. There were 14 specific miRNA included in this review, with 11 studies reporting on tendon‐related gene expression, five reporting on tendon development and/or tenocyte differentiation, six reporting on tendon tissue repair, and five reporting on tenocyte senescence. The miR‐29 family was the most commonly reported micro‐RNA in the investigation. We also report on a number of micro‐RNA which are associated with both positive and negative effects on tendon homeostasis. © 2018 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 36:2823–2829, 2018.
Can myocardial remodeling be a useful surrogate predictor of myocardial iron load? A 3D echocardiographic multicentric study
Authors: Agha Hala Mounir , AbdelMassih Antoine Fakhry , AbdelRahman Mohamed Youssef , Milanesi Ornella , Castaldi Biagio , Geranio Giulia , Putti Maria Caterina , Kharabish Ahmed , Esmail Reem , El‐Kamah Ghada , Hamdy Mona , El‐Baz Heba , Behairy Noha , Hanna Carol , El‐Tagy Hassan , Mishriky Mary Atef , Mamdouh Mirna , Antonazzo Livio , Ramadan Tasneem 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe relationship between myocardial iron load and eccentric myocardial remodeling remains an under‐investigated area; it was thought that remodeling is rather linked to fibrosis. This study aims to determine whether or not measures of remodeling can be used as predictors of myocardial iron. For this purpose, 60 patients with thalassemia were studied with 3D echocardiography and myocardial relaxometry (T2*) by Cardiac MRI. 3D derived sphericity index was significantly higher in patients with myocardial iron load. It was correlated with T2* with a 100% sensitivity and specificity (cut‐off value of 0.34) to discriminate between patients with and without myocardial iron overload.
Prior knowledge snake segmentation of ultrasound images denoised by J‐divergence anisotropy diffusion
Authors: Yan Jiawen , Pan Bo , Qi Yunfeng , Ben Jin , Fu Yili 
Published: June 2018

AbstractBackgroundApplying transrectal ultrasound to robot‐assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy has attracted attention in recent years, and it is considered as a proper method to provide real‐time subsurface anatomic features. A precise registration between the ultrasound equipment and robotic surgical system is necessary, which usually requires a fast and accurate recognition of the registration tool in the ultrasound image.MethodsTissue forceps are chosen as the registration tool. J‐divergence anisotropy diffusion and prior knowledge snake segmentation are proposed for the automatic recognition of forceps in ultrasound images.ResultsSimulation, gel tissue phantom experiments and in vitro experiments are carried out. Several evaluation indices are calculated to compare results under different methods.ConclusionsThe proposed methods are proved to be practicable, reliable and superior to existing ones, with reduced calculation time and higher accuracy.
High Basal Levels of γH2AX in Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Are Linked to Replication-Associated DNA Damage and Repair
Authors: Vallabhaneni Haritha , Lynch Patrick J. , Chen Guibin , Park Kyeyoon , Liu Yangtengyu , Goehe Rachel , Mallon Barbara S. , Boehm Manfred , Hursh Deborah A. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have great potential as source cells for therapeutic uses. However, reports indicate that iPSCs carry genetic abnormalities, which may impede their medical use. Little is known about mechanisms contributing to intrinsic DNA damage in iPSCs that could lead to genomic instability. In this report, we investigated the level of DNA damage in human iPSC lines compared with their founder fibroblast line and derived mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) lines using the phosphorylated histone variant, γH2AX, as a marker of DNA damage. We show that human iPSCs have elevated basal levels of γH2AX, which correlate with markers of DNA replication: 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine and the single-stranded binding protein, replication protein A. γH2AX foci in iPSCs also colocalize to BRCA1 and RAD51, proteins in the homologous repair pathway, implying γH2AX in iPSCs marks sites of double strand breaks. Our study demonstrates an association between increased basal levels of γH2AX and the rapid replication of iPSCs.
Variation in wealth and educational drivers of fertility decline across 45 countries
Authors: Colleran Heidi , Snopkowski Kristin 
Published: June 2018

AbstractFertility decline in human populations is an inherent evolutionary puzzle with major demographic, socio‐cultural and evolutionary consequences. The individual level predictors of fertility decline are numerous, but the way these effects vary by country and how they are causally mediated by other factors has received relatively little attention. Here we take a multilevel approach to compare similarities and differences in the primary predictors of contemporary fertility declines—wealth and education—across 45 countries in Africa, Asia, Central and South America, the Caribbean, and the Middle East using Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) data collected from 2003 to 2015. We use multilevel models to understand variation in the slopes of these predictors on fertility, and structural equation models to examine the causal pathways by which they take their effects, focusing on four mediating variables: local mortality and birth rates, women's work status, and contraceptive use. We find that associations between wealth and fertility differ substantially across populations, while associations between education and fertility are consistently negative. The mediators also vary: community‐level birth rates and women's contraceptive use are important mediators between education, wealth and the number of children born across a wide variety of countries, but community‐level mortality rates and women's work status are not. We discuss our results in the context of different causal pathways that reflect cultural and biological evolutionary dynamics as simultaneous and interacting drivers of fertility decline.
Dairy food consumption is associated with a lower risk of the metabolic syndrome and its components: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Lee Mijin , Lee Hanna , Kim Jihye 
Published: June 2018

AbstractA systematic review and a meta-analysis of observational studies were performed to assess the dose–response relationship between specific types of dairy foods and the risk of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components. Studies of dairy foods and the risk of the MetS and its components published up to June 2016 were searched using PubMed, EMBASE and a reference search. Random-effects models were used to estimate the pooled relative risks (RR) with 95 % CI. Finally, ten cross-sectional studies, two nested case–control studies and twenty-nine cohort studies were included for the analysis. In a dose–response analysis of cohort studies and cross-sectional studies, the pooled RR of the MetS for a one-serving/d increment of total dairy food (nine studies) and milk (six studies) consumption (200 g/d) were 0·91 (95 % CI 0·85, 0·96) and 0·87 (95 % CI 0·79, 0·95), respectively. The pooled RR of the MetS for yogurt (three studies) consumption (100 g/d) was 0·82 (95 % CI 0·73, 0·91). Total dairy food consumption was associated with lower risk of MetS components, such as hyperglycaemia, elevated blood pressure, hypertriacylglycerolaemia and low HDL- cholesterol. A one-serving/d increment of milk was related to a 12 % lower risk of abdominal obesity, and a one-serving/d increment of yogurt was associated with a 16 % lower risk of hyperglycaemia. These associations were not significantly different by study design, study location or adjustment factors. This meta-analysis showed that specific types of dairy food consumption such as milk and yogurt as well as total dairy food consumption were inversely related to risk of the MetS and its components.
Actin from the apicomplexanNeospora caninum(NcACT) has different isoforms in 2D electrophoresis
Authors: Baroni Luciana , Pollo-Oliveira Letícia , Heck Albert JR , Altelaar AF Maarten , Yatsuda Ana Patrícia 
Published: June 2018

AbstractApicomplexan parasites have unconventional actins that play a central role in important cellular processes such as apicoplast replication, motility of dense granules, endocytic trafficking and force generation for motility and host cell invasion. In this study, we investigated the actin of the apicomplexanNeospora caninum– a parasite associated with infectious abortion and neonatal mortality in livestock.Neospora caninumactin was detected and identified in two bands by one-dimensional (1D) western blot and in nine spots by the 2D technique. The mass spectrometry data indicated thatN. caninumhas at least nine different actin isoforms, possibly caused by post-translational modifications. In addition, the C4 pan-actin antibody detected specifically actin inN. caninumcellular extract. ExtracellularN. caninumtachyzoites were treated with toxins that act on actin, jasplakinolide and cytochalasin D. Both substances altered the peripheric cytoplasmic localization of actin on tachyzoites. Our findings add complexity to the study of the apicomplexan actin in cellular processes, since the multiple functions of this important protein might be regulated by mechanisms involving post-translational modifications.
Accelerated alcohol use across adolescence predicts early adult symptoms of alcohol use disorder via reward-related neural function
Authors: Waller Rebecca , Murray Laura , Shaw Daniel S. , Forbes Erika E. , Hyde Luke W. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractBackgroundAlcohol use is commonly initiated during adolescence, with earlier onset known to increase the risk for alcohol use disorder (AUD). Altered function in neural reward circuitry is thought to increase the risk for AUD. To test the hypothesis that adolescent alcohol misuse primes the brain for alcohol-related psychopathology in early adulthood, we examined whether adolescent alcohol consumption rates predicted reward responsivity in the ventral striatum (VS), and in turn, AUD symptoms in adulthood.MethodsA total of 139 low income, racially diverse urban males reported on their alcohol use at ages 11, 12, 15, and 17; completed self-reports of personality, psychiatric interviews, and a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scan at age 20; and completed a psychiatric interview at age 22. We measured adolescent alcohol use trajectories using latent growth curve modeling and measured neural responses to monetary reward using a VS region of interest. We tested indirect effects of adolescent alcohol use on AUD symptoms at age 22 via VS reward-related reactivity at age 20.ResultsGreater acceleration in adolescent alcohol use predicted increased VS response during reward anticipation at age 20. VS reactivity to reward anticipation at age 20 predicted AUD symptoms at age 22, over and above concurrent symptoms. Accelerated adolescent alcohol use predicted AUD symptoms in early adulthood via greater VS reactivity to reward anticipation.ConclusionsProspective findings support a pathway through which adolescent alcohol use increases the risk for AUD in early adulthood by impacting reward-related neural functioning. These results highlight increased VS reward-related reactivity as a biomarker for AUD vulnerability.
Weapons prohibitions through immanent critique: NGOs as emancipatory and (de)securitising actors in security governance
Authors: Petrova Margarita H. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe article examines the roles of NGOs in banning cluster munitions that resulted in the 2008 Convention on Cluster Munitions and the campaign against landmines in the 1990s. It argues that NGOs have managed to move questions about the use of force from the closed decision-making sphere of military commanders and arms control diplomats into open public debate. Thus NGOs have simultaneously desecuritised the use of force by states, securitised certain weapons technologies, and made human beings the referent object of security. This has marked a shift from state security and strategic disarmament to human security and humanitarian disarmament, without fundamentally challenging the laws of war. However, in contrast to realist views that only militarily useless weapons ever get banned and radical critical perspectives that see new legal regimes as legitimating war and US hegemony, I argue that NGOs have engaged in immanent critique of military arguments and practices based on prevailing principles of international humanitarian law. The resulting weapon ban treaties have both restrained US policy and undermined its legitimacy. The article explores the discursive choices that underpinned the remaking of the security agenda by NGOs and their role as de/securitising actors and emancipatory agents of change.
Constrained generalized predictive control for obstacle avoidance in a quadcopter
Authors: Mendoza-Soto José Luis , Alvarez-Icaza Luis , Rodríguez-Cortés H. 
Published: June 2018

SUMMARYThis work proposes a strategy for position control and obstacle avoidance in a quadcopter based on constrained generalized predictive control and geometric attitude control. The approach allows real-time trajectory tracking using optimal control actions and avoids collisions with static obstacles whose position is known. An experimental validation of the proposed controller is presented.