bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thermoresponsive drug controlled release from chitosan‐based hydrogel embedded with poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) nanogels
Authors: Shin Bomina , Kim Jongjun , Vales Temmy Pegarro , Yang Si Kyung , Kim Jong‐Ki , Sohn Honglae , Kim Ho‐Joong 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACTA facile synthetic strategy was developed for the preparation of thermoresponsive nanocomposite hydrogels comprising crosslinked chitosan (CS) networks and poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) [p(NIPAAm)] nanogels. First, thermoresponsive p(NIPAAm) nanogels were synthesized via emulsion polymerization. The p(NIPAAm) nanogels were introduced into methacrylamide CS (MC) solution and the free‐radical initiated crosslinking reaction of MC produced nanogel‐embedded hydrogels. The last step involves the loading of the antibacterial model drug levofloxacin (LFX) into the prepared nanocomposite hydrogels by allowing the preformed hydrogels to swell to equilibrium in the drug's aqueous solution. The integration of p(NIPAAm) nanogel into CS networks facilitates thermoresponsive release of LFX with an enhancement of the drug‐loading capacity within the hydrogel. Notably, thermoresponsive drug‐release was achieved without unwarranted modification of the hydrogel's dimension and shape, although an increase in temperature caused the collapse of the p(NIPAAm) nanogels. The thermoresponsive property of the investigated nanocomposite hydrogel is beneficial and may offer broad opportunities for drug temperature‐triggered release for clinical applications. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem.2018,56, 1907–1914
Low‐frequency high‐intensity versus medium‐frequency low‐intensity combined therapy in the management of active myofascial trigger points: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Takla Mary Kamal Nassif 
Published: August 2018

AbstractBackgroundElectrotherapeutic modalities have proven to be one of the best therapeutic options for myofascial pain syndrome, targeting the myofascial trigger points (MTrPs). Combined therapy (CT) is described with paucity in literature as the application of ultrasound (US) and electrical stimulating current concurrently and at the same site.AimThe aim was to compare between low‐frequency, high‐intensity burst transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation CT (burst‐TENS‐CT) and medium‐frequency, low‐intensity amplitude modulated frequency CT (AMF‐CT) on upper trapezius active MTrPs (A‐MTrPs).Participants and interventionIn this single‐blinded randomized controlled trial design, 70 participants with acute mechanical neck pain and at least two A‐MTrPs in the upper trapezius were simply and randomly allocated into three groups—the burst‐TENS‐CT, the AMF‐CT, or the sham‐CT control groups. All groups received three sessions per week for four consecutive weeks.Outcome measuresOutcome measures included pressure pain threshold (PPT) using a digital electronic algometer and active cervical lateral flexion range of motion (ROM) using an iPhone Clinometer application. Data were collected prior to the first treatment and at the end of the 4‐week trial.ResultsThere were statistically significant improvements in postintervention PPT and ROM values in both treatment groups (p < 0.0001). As for the sham‐US, no significant difference was found between the preintervention and postintervention values (p > 0.05). Bonferroni correction test revealed that there was a significant difference between all the three groups (p < 0.0001). Additionally, burst‐TENS‐CT yields a greater increase in PPT and ROM values (547% and 49.32%, respectively) than that of medium‐frequency AMF‐CT.ConclusionWithin the scope of this study, both CT modalities were effective in increasing PPT and cervical lateral flexion ROM. Nonetheless, low‐frequency, high‐intensity burst‐TENS‐CT was shown to be superior over the medium‐frequency, low‐intensity AMF‐CT in terms of reducing pain sensitivity and increasing ROM.
Sublethal and transgenerational effects of thiamethoxam applied to cotton seed on Chrysoperla externa and Harmonia axyridis
Authors: Sâmia Rafaella R , Gontijo Pablo C , Oliveira Rodrigo L , Carvalho Geraldo A 
Published: August 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDThiamethoxam, when applied as a seed treatment, can contaminate plant products, such as extrafloral nectar, and have non‐target effects on beneficial arthropods. This study assessed the non‐target effects of thiamethoxam applied to cotton seed on the life history parameters of the predators Chrysoperla externa (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) and Harmonia axyridis (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae).RESULTSExposure of C. externa larvae to plants grown from thiamethoxam‐treated seeds caused sublethal and transgenerational effects. Thiamethoxam treatment doubled the proportion of pharate adults and reduced egg fertility in C. externa F0 and F1 generations. In addition, the insecticide prolonged pupal developmental time in the C. externa F1 generation. Thiamethoxam treatment also had a transgenerational effect on exposed H. axyridis larvae, reducing pupal survival in the F1 generation. In the adult bioassay, thiamethoxam treatment reduced egg fertility of C. externa, prolonged the larval period, and reduced both fecundity and egg fertility of the F1 generation. Thiamethoxam also caused transgenerational effect on H. axyridis adults, reducing larval survival of the F1 generation.CONCLUSIONThiamethoxam seed treatment was harmful for both predators, but C. externa was more affected by the insecticide than H. axyridis. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Unpacking distinction within mobility: Social prestige and international students
Authors: Prazeres Laura 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThis paper investigates the complex ways in which young people engage in social distinction within international mobility. The study offers novel conceptual and empirical insights by examining how distinction and social advantage is reproduced through short‐term student mobility from the Global North to the Global South. In doing so, it elucidates the iterative process of distinction‐making within mobility and argues that young mobile people negotiate a tension between different forms of distinction. Specifically, it unpacks and conceptualises distinction into dual categories—collective and individual—and suggests that students alternate and waver between these categories in order to both validate and elevate their position within a mobility hierarchy. The paper also considers how particular places are viewed as more distinctive and affording greater gains in cultural and symbolic capital. It concludes with future interrogations and ways forward for research on international mobility and distinction.
Performance evaluation of social network anomaly detection using a moving window–based scan method
Authors: Zhao Meng J. , Driscoll Anne R. , Sengupta Srijan , Fricker Ronald D. , Spitzner Dan J. , Woodall William H. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractTimely detection of anomalous events in networks, particularly social networks, is a problem of increasing interest and relevance. A variety of methods have been proposed for monitoring such networks, including the window‐based scan method proposed by a previous study. However, research assessing the performance of this and other methods has been sparse. In this article, we use simulated social network structures to study the performance of the Priebe et al method. The detection power is high only when more than half of the social network experiences anomalous behavior or if the anomalous behavior is extreme. Both can be represented by high signal‐to‐noise ratios in the network. More precisely, Priebe's scan method performs well when the signal‐to‐noise ratio is above 20. Simulation studies are used to show that an improved detection rate and shortened monitoring delays can be achieved by lagging the moving window used for standardization, lowering the signaling threshold, and using shorter moving windows at the initial stage of monitoring. We suggest a community detection method to be used after an anomalous event has been identified to help determine the subnetwork associated with this anomalous behavior.
Reasons for implementing ISO 14001 in Malaysia
Authors: Sorooshian Shahryar , Ting Khaw Chin 
Published: August 2018

AbstractEnvironmental management systems (EMS) have been introduced globally to reduce environmental degradation issues brought about by industrial development. The research discussed in this paper is aimed at identifying the benefits and motivations of the implementation of EMS in compliance with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 14001 standard in Malaysian industries by using the pairwise comparison method. Experts in EMS from the Scientific and Industrial Research Institute of Malaysia were invited to participate in the research panel. Based on the experts’ input, data analysis was carried out by using multi‐criteria pairwise comparisons. The findings showed the ranked benefits and motivations of the implementation of the ISO 14001 standard for businesses. The results can indicate to policy‐makers and business advisors how businesses can be encouraged to implement the ISO 14001.
Treatment of effluent from re‐refined lubricating oils by combined processes of coagulation, flocculation, and Fenton process
Authors: da Silva Lucas Pisoni , Taffarel Silvio Roberto , da Silveira Fernanda Rosa , de Sá Fagner Tafarel Campos , Oliveira Luís Felipe Silva 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThis work examines the possibility and the potential application of physicochemical processes (coagulation and flocculation) and advanced oxidative processes (Fenton Process) in the treatment of effluents from the re‐refining of used lubricating oils.
A systems‐based model of Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Tang Yi , Lutz Michael W. , Xing Yi 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe new National Institute on Aging and the Alzheimer's Association Research Framework for Alzheimer's disease has been developed to accelerate drug discovery and offer a common structure and language to construct new Alzheimer's disease conceptual models. However, as a “complex” disease, a model based on systems‐level understanding is needed to accommodate the complex, interacting etiologic pathways and the system‐level changes associated with Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis and interventions that are currently known and which will be identified in the future. To accomplish this, the evolution of the structure of the research framework itself should be encouraged.
The infrahyoid myocutaneous flap for reconstruction after oral cancer resection: A retrospective single‐surgeon study
Authors: Chotipanich Adit , Wongmanee Sombat 
Published: August 2018

ObjectiveTo review our experience with infrahyoid myocutaneous flap in reconstruction after oral cancer resection.MethodsChart reviews were completed for all patients who underwent oral reconstruction with an infrahyoid myocutaneous flap by a single surgeon in the Department of Otolaryngology at Chonburi Cancer Hospital from 2011 to 2017. Characteristics of the patients and postoperative complications were analyzed.ResultsOf the 34 patients in the study, 10 (29.4%) developed partial flap loss and 1 (2.9%) developed total flap loss. All cases of partial flap loss resolved with conservative treatment. Apparent cancer involvement of a cervical lymph node was significantly associated with flap failure (odds ratio: 5.0, 95% CI: 1.03–24.28).ConclusionsThe infrahyoid myocutaneous flap is a fairly reliable reconstruction method. The flap should be performed with caution in cases with gross lymph node involvement.
Exploring the use of ‘third countries’ in proliferation networks: the case of Malaysia
Authors: Salisbury Daniel 
Published: August 2018

Abstract‘Third countries’ are frequently exploited by those involved in networks to transfer proliferation-sensitive technologies, allowing procurement agents to obscure the end user or vendor located in the proliferating state, and to deceive industry, export licensing officials, and intelligence services. While ‘third countries’ frequently feature in illicit transactions, the academic literature exploring the roles played by entities in these jurisdictions is limited. Building on the sanctions busting literature, this article proposes a loose typology considering the ways in which third countries can be exploited by proliferation networks. The typology is illustrated using three cases involving entities based in Malaysia – A. Q. Khan’s nuclear black market network, and Iran and North Korea’s efforts to procure and market WMD-related and military goods. These cases are used to generate insights into proliferators’ selection of ‘third country’ hubs. The article argues that while exploitation of third countries by proliferation networks is a similar, but distinct phenomenon to trade-based sanctions busting, hubs of both activities share characteristics. Furthermore, the article argues that other factors beyond the lax regulatory environment, such as level of development, and personal connections, are often as important in driving the decisions of proliferation networks. The article concludes with implications for nonproliferation policy.
The politicization of immigration in Italy. Who frames the issue, when and how
Authors: Urso Ornella 
Published: August 2018

AbstractItaly is one of the most representative ‘new immigration countries.’ Between the 1980s and the 1990s, it became a major country of destination for immigrants coming from Asia, Middle East, and North Africa. As a result, since the mid-90s, immigration has gained salience within the Italian political debate. Building on the existing literature on agenda-setting and framing studies, this article studies the evolution of the immigration issue in Italy over the last two decades. It focuses on the framing and, more specifically, the position political actors tend to adopt when debating on immigration. In particular, the main research questions are: to what extent is the framing of immigration associated with the traditional left vs. right spectrum? Do incumbent political parties tend to adopt a different position toward immigration than opposition parties? This article analyses party competition dynamics over the immigration issue in Italy from 1995 to 2011. The author carried out a political-claim analysis of articles from two Italian national daily newspapers. Findings show that immigration is more a positional issue than a valence one. Political actors’ positions towards migration appear to be anchored to the old left vs. right dimension of the political conflict. This demonstrates that parties’ engagement within the political conflict goes beyond electoral campaigns. Finally, being in government seems to play a crucial role in ‘softening’ the way party actors frame immigration, in terms of both the arguments used and the pro- or anti-immigration positions adopted.
A Tribute to Jaak Panksepp (1943–2017)
Authors: Davis Kenneth L. , Montag Christian 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThis article gives a short overview on the life and achievements of Jaak Panksepp. Jaak Panksepp dedicated his life to the study of mammalian emotions. By means of electrical stimulation of the brain and psychopharmacological challenges he carved out seven primary emotional systems being highly conserved across different species of mammals including homo sapiens. The primary emotional systems are called SEEKING, CARE, LUST, PLAY (positive emotions), and FEAR, RAGE, SADNESS (negative emotions). While his early career was characterized by the direct study of these primary emotions in mammals, in his late career he invested more and more time in applying his knowledge to different fields of psychology including personality neuroscience and psychiatry.
Characterizations and Direct Sums of Unit-Endoregular Modules
Authors: Zhang Xiaoxiang , Lee Gangyong 
Published: August 2018

AbstractA module is called unit-endoregular if its endomorphism ring is unit-regular. In this paper, we continue the research in unit-endoregular modules. More characterizations of unit-endoregular modules are obtained. As a special case, we show that for an abelian group G, Endℤ(G) is a unit-regular Baer ring if and only if Endℤ(G) is a two-sided extending regular ring. While the class of unit-endoregular modules is not closed under direct sums, we provide a characterization when there are direct sums of two or more unit-endoregular modules also unit-endoregular under certain conditions. In particular, we investigate unit-endoregular modules which are direct sums of indecomposable modules.
THE STATUS OF THE SPIRIT IN AL-MUSTAMLĪ AL-BUḪĀRĪ’S ŠARḤ AL-TA‘ARRUF: CASE STUDY OF THE INTERRELATIONSHIPS OF ḤANAFITE SUFISM, SUNNĪ KALĀM AND AVICENNISM IN THE FIFTH / ELEVENTH CENTURY TRANSOXIANA
Authors: Maghsoudlou Salimeh 
Published: August 2018

RésuméLa première partie de cet article est consacrée à la présentation d'al-Mustamlī al-Buḫārī et du commentaire volumineux qu'il a rédigé sur al-Ta‘rruf li-maḏhab altaṣawwuf d'al-Kalābāḏī. Al-Mustamlī et al-Kalābāḏī avaient, tous les deux, un grand penchant pour les discussions de kalām et al-Mustamlī s'est étendu sur nombre de questions théologiques dans son commentaire, le Šarḥ al-Ta‘arruf. Au vu de la présence de sujets propres au kalām dans le livre d'al-Mustamlī, cet article abordera la question de l'appartenance de ce dernier aux écoles de la théologie sunnite et montrera que malgré sa proximité géographique avec Abū Manṣūr al-Māturīdī, al-Mustamlī était probablement affilié à l’école d'Abū l-Ḥasan al-Aš‘arī. La seconde partie de cet article portera sur le problème de la nature de l'esprit (rūḥ) dans le traitement qu'en offre al-Mustamlī. En abordant cette question, al-Mustamlī est allé au-delà des frontières de l'anthropologie physicaliste du kalām et son argument en faveur de l'existence de l'esprit offre des affinités avec la preuve avicennienne de l'existence de l’âme rationnelle, telle qu'elle se présente dans le fameux argument de l'homme volant. L'ouvrage d'al-Mustamlī constitue donc une source importante pour comprendre l'histoire intellectuelle en Transoxiane et les interactions entre les différents groupes de théoriciens – mutakallimūn, Sufis et falāsifa.
Limits in categories of Vietoris coalgebras
Authors: HOFMANN DIRK , NEVES RENATO , NORA PEDRO 
Published: August 2018

Motivated by the need to reason about hybrid systems, we study limits in categories of coalgebras whose underlying functor is a Vietoris polynomial one – intuitively, the topological analogue of a Kripke polynomial functor. Among other results, we prove that every Vietoris polynomial functor admits a final coalgebra if it respects certain conditions concerning separation axioms and compactness. When the functor is restricted to some of the categories induced by these conditions, the resulting categories of coalgebras are even complete.As a practical application, we use these developments in the specification and analysis of non-deterministic hybrid systems, in particular to obtain suitable notions of stability and behaviour.
Adolescents’ diet quality in relation to their relatives’ and peers’ diet engagement and encouragement: the Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence (HELENA) study
Authors: Vanhelst Jérémy , Béghin Laurent , Drumez Elodie , Duhamel Alain , De Henauw Stefaan , Ruiz Jonatan R , Kafatos Anthony , Manios Yannis , Widhalm Kurt , Mauro Béatrice , Sjöström Michael , Kersting Mathilde , Gottrand Frédéric 
Published: August 2018

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the associations between adolescents’ diet quality and their perceived relatives’ and peers’ diet engagement and encouragement.DesignCross-sectional study performed in European countries. Diet quality was scored using the Diet Quality Index for Adolescents (DQI-A) based on four components: quality, diversity, balance and meal frequency. Perceived diet quality engagement and perceived encouragement of the relatives/peers were assessed using the questions ‘How healthy is each of the following persons’ diet?’ and ‘How often does each of the following persons encourage you to eat a healthy diet?’SettingVienna, Ghent, Lille, Athens, Heraklion, Pecs, Rome, Dortmund, Zaragoza and Stockholm.SubjectsHealthy adolescents (n2943).ResultsThe perceived engagement level of the mother, father and sister was each positively associated with the DQI-A (P<0·05). A positive association was found for the perceived engagement level of siblings, father and mother with all specific components (P<0·05). DQI-A was negatively associated with the perceived encouragement level from a best friend and positively associated with the encouragement level of the mother and father (P<0·05). Diversity, balance and quality components were positively associated with the perceived encouragement level from the mother and father (P<0·05), whereas the best friend’s perceived encouragement was negatively associated with the meal frequency component (P<0·01).ConclusionsThese findings highlight the role of social engagement and encouragement of relatives and peers in adolescents’ diet quality. Intervention or promotion programmes aimed at enhancing diet quality in adolescents should target both family and peers.
A Trajectory Calculus for Qualitative Spatial Reasoning Using Answer Set Programming
Authors: BARYANNIS GEORGE , TACHMAZIDIS ILIAS , BATSAKIS SOTIRIS , ANTONIOU GRIGORIS , ALVIANO MARIO , SELLIS TIMOS , TSAI PEI-WEI 
Published: August 2018

AbstractSpatial information is often expressed using qualitative terms such as natural language expressions instead of coordinates; reasoning over such terms has several practical applications, such as bus routes planning. Representing and reasoning on trajectories is a specific case of qualitative spatial reasoning that focuses on moving objects and their paths. In this work, we propose two versions of a trajectory calculus based on the allowed properties over trajectories, where trajectories are defined as a sequence of non-overlapping regions of a partitioned map. More specifically, if a given trajectory is allowed to start and finish at the same region, 6 base relations are defined (TC-6). If a given trajectory should have different start and finish regions but cycles are allowed within, 10 base relations are defined (TC-10). Both versions of the calculus are implemented as ASP programs; we propose several different encodings, including a generalised program capable of encoding any qualitative calculus in ASP. All proposed encodings are experimentally evaluated using a real-world dataset. Experiment results show that the best performing implementation can scale up to an input of 250 trajectories for TC-6 and 150 trajectories for TC-10 for the problem of discovering a consistent configuration, a significant improvement compared to previous ASP implementations for similar qualitative spatial and temporal calculi.