bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Targeted Gene Sequencing in Children with Crohn’s Disease and Their Parents: Implications for Missing Heritability
Authors: Chen Jiun-Sheng , Hu Fulan , Kugathasan Subra , Jorde Lynn B , Nix David , Rutherford Ann , Denson Lee , Watkins W Scott , Prahalad Sampath , Huff Chad , Guthery Stephen L 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Crohn’s disease is a complex genetic trait characterized by chronic relapsing intestinal inflammation. Genome wide association studies (GWAS) have identified more than 170 loci associated with the disease, accounting for ∼14% of the disease variance. We hypothesized that rare genetic variation in GWAS positional candidates also contribute to disease pathogenesis. We performed targeted, massively-parallel sequencing of 101 genes in 205 children with Crohn’s disease, including 179 parent-child trios and 200 controls, both of European ancestry. We used the gene burden test implemented in VAAST and estimated effect sizes using logistic regression and meta-analyses. We identified three genes with nominally significant p-values: NOD2, RTKN2, and MGAT3. Only NOD2 was significant after correcting for multiple comparisons. We identified eight novel rare variants in NOD2 that are likely disease-associated. Incorporation of rare variation and compound heterozygosity nominally increased the proportion of variance explained from 0.074 to 0.089. We estimated the population attributable risk and total heritability of variation in NOD2 to be 32.9% and 3.4%, respectively, with 3.7% and 0.25% accounted for by rare putatively functional variants. Sequencing probands (as opposed to genotyping) to identify rare variants and incorporating phase by sequencing parents can recover a portion of the missing heritability of Crohn’s disease.
Dynein Light Chain DLC-1 Facilitates the Function of the Germline Cell Fate Regulator GLD-1 in Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Ellenbecker Mary , Osterli Emily , Wang Xiaobo , Day Nicholas J , Baumgarten Ella , Hickey Benjamin , Voronina Ekaterina 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Developmental transitions of germ cells are often regulated at the level of post-transcriptional control of gene expression. In the Caenorhabditis elegans germline, stem and progenitor cells exit the proliferative phase and enter meiotic differentiation to form gametes essential for fertility. The RNA binding protein GLD-1 is a cell fate regulator that promotes meiosis and germ cell differentiation during development by binding to and repressing translation of target messenger RNAs. Here, we discovered that some GLD-1 functions are promoted by binding to DLC-1, a small protein that functions as an allosteric regulator of multisubunit protein complexes. We found that DLC-1 is required to regulate a subset of GLD-1 target messenger RNAs and that DLC-1 binding GLD-1 prevents ectopic germ cell proliferation and facilitates gametogenesis in vivo. Additionally, our results reveal a new requirement for GLD-1 in the events of oogenesis leading to ovulation. DLC-1 contributes to GLD-1 function independent of its role as a light chain component of the dynein motor. Instead, we propose that DLC-1 promotes assembly of GLD-1 with other binding partners, which facilitates formation of regulatory ribonucleoprotein complexes and may direct GLD-1 target messenger RNA selectivity.
EVALUACIÓN POBLACIONAL DEL STOCK EXPLOTABLE DEL COMPLEJO <i>OPISTHONEMA </i> (PISCES: CLUPEIDAE) EN EL GOLFO DE NICOYA, COSTA RICA
Authors: Vega Corrales Luis A. 
Published: December 2018

El género Opisthonema sustenta la pesquería de sardina en Costa Rica. Esta investigación se orientó hacia la evaluación poblacional del stock explotable de esta pesquería en el Golfo de Nicoya. Las muestras mensuales fueron recolectadas desde junio del 2007 hasta mayo del 2008. Se determinó el patrón de reproducción de O. libertate y se estimaron los parámetros de crecimiento de las curvas en longitud del modelo de von Bertalanffy para O. libertate y O. medirastre. Con base en el índice gonadosomático, O. libertate desova intensamente durante la época más calurosa del año, entre febrero y mayo. La talla de primera madurez (TPM50%) fue de 18.68 cm de LT. La ecuación de crecimiento de von Bertalanffy estimada para O. libertate fue: Lt= 25.9 [1–exp–1.03(t+0.13)] y para O. medirastre: Lt= 32.0 [1–exp–1.10(t+0.15)]. El reclutamiento máximo de la pesquería de O. libertate ocurre entre septiembre y noviembre. Esta especie muestra un índice de explotación (E) de 0.65 y O. medirastre de 0.55. Se nota una mejoría en el E comparado con estimaciones anteriores. Se recomienda como medida de manejo para esta pesquería ajustar la época de veda y no incrementar el esfuerzo pesquero.The Opisthonema genus supports the sardine fishery in Costa Rica. This research was directed to population assessment of the exploitable stock of this fishery in the Golfo of Nicoya. Monthly samples were collected since June, 2007 until May, 2008. The reproductive pattern of O. libertate were determined and growth parameters of curves in the length of O. libertate and O. medirastre were estimated using the von Bertalanffy model.. Based on the gonadosomatic index, O. libertate spawn intensively during the hottest time of the year, between February and May. The size at first maturity (SFM50%) was 18.68 cm T.L. The growth equation of von Bertalanffy was estimated for O. libertate: Tl= 25.9 [1–exp–1.03(t+0.13)] and O. medirastre: Tl= 32.0 [1–exp–1.10(t+0.15)]. The maximum recruitment to the fishery of O. libertate occurs between September and November. This species show an exploitation index (E) of 0.65 and O. medirastre have an E value of 0.55. It is note an improvement in the E value, as compared to previous values. It is recommended as management measure to adjust the close season, and to avoid any increment of the fishing effort.
Traditional Panel Interview versus Multiple Mini-Interview (MMI) in Medical School Admissions: Does Performance differ by Age, Gender, Urban or Rural, or Socioeconomic Status (Findings from one medical school)
Authors: Parsons Wanda , McHugh Janet , Yi Yanqing 
Published: December 2018

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. Introduction:Globally, medical schools are trying to widen access and to increase the diversity of their student body to be more representative of the population and to meet the future heath care needs of society. Selection methods must not disadvantage the applicants from priority groups. In Memorial University’s Faculty of Medicine, rural applicants and applicants from low socioeconomic status are priority groups. Methods:Since 2013, Memorial University has used a combination of traditional panel interviews and MMIs to interview candidates for medical school. We wondered whether applicants who participate in this medical school interview process perform differently on the MMIs compared to the traditional panel interview process and whether performance differs on either of the two interview processes based on age, sex, origin(urban or rural), or socioeconomic status.Results:The mean score on the traditional panel interview was higher than that on the MMI. Females scored higher than males on both the traditional panel interview and the MMI. Applicants aged 22 and younger performed worse on both the traditional panel interview and the MMI than the other age groups. Neighborhood socioeconomic status, and urban/rural living status were not significantly related with applicants’ performance on the traditional panel interview or MMI.Discussion:The type of interview is not disadvantaging applicants from Memorial University’s priority areas.
The institution of Tutoring in Health-Preserving: Risk and Sustainability Factors
Authors: Tyumaseva Z. I. , Orehova I. L. , Valeeva V. G. , Salamatov A. A. , Kalugina E. V. 
Published: December 2018

. Introduction. Nowadays, specialists of different scientific directions note the growing trend in the deterioration of physical and mental health of younger generation, largely resulting from the health cost of education. In this regard, it is important to develop the institution of tutoring as a pedagogical innovation, which will ensure the formation of a healthy, active, purposeful and responsible personality, who can successfully live in a rapidly changing world.The aim of the article was to identify the factors, which have to be taken into consideration, when organising and implementing master’s education in the direction “Health-Preserving Tutor”.Methodology and research methods. Leading methodological approaches, when studying future tutors’ readiness for health-preserving activities, were anthropological, personality-oriented and environmental. The authors designed the programme of complex diagnostics “Harmony”, which included the following methodologies: evaluation of satisfaction with physical condition (according to Giesener Beschwerdebogen, GBB); self-evaluation of mental state (H. J. Eysenck); “Value orientations” (M. Rokich); the Social Readjustment Rating Scale (T. Holmes, R. Rage); questionnaires “Need for tension in terms of health” (Z. I. Tyumaseva, A. A. Tsygankov, I. L. Orekhova) and “The level of development of recreational activity” (G. V. Valeeva, V. S. Misharina).Results and scientific novelty. The structure and the concepts of “tutoring” and “tutoring support in health-preserving” were specified. The components of the tutors’ readiness for health-preserving activity were revealed: psycho-emotional, psycho-physical, cognitive and value-motivational. In the course of pedagogical experiment, the factors of risks and sustainability, which influence the formation of tutors’ readiness for health-preserving activity, were identified. A diagnostic program was developed to identify the factors.Practical significance. The developed diagnostic tool can be employed when assessing the level of readiness formation for health-preserving activity among students and tutors. The materials of the research can be useful to specialists, who are engaged in vocational training of tutors, as well as to teachers, heads of educational organisations and undergraduates of pedagogical higher education institutions.
El «Vocabulario» de El dialecto vulgar salmantino, de José Lamano y Beneite: Análisis macro y microestructural
Authors: Muriano Rodríguez M.ª Montserrat 
Published: December 2018

Esta aportación analiza los aspectos macro y microestructurales de la tercera parte de El Dialecto vulgar salmantino de José Lamano y Beneite, esta obra resulta de gran importancia para conocer el modo en que se incorporaron los salmantinismos a la decima quinta edición del DRAE (1925).
Lexicografía electrónica y traducción: propuesta de un modelo de adquisición de estrategias
Authors: Sánchez Ramos M.ª del Mar 
Published: December 2018

Las fuentes de consulta electrónicas forman parte del proceso de documentación de todo traductor, y no hay duda de que un uso eficaz de las mismas es imprescindible para realizar con éxito el proceso de trasvase. El presente artículo pretende contribuir a la llamada lexicografía pedagógica. A tal fin, se propone un modelo de adquisición de estrategias de consulta de los diccionarios electrónicos que, a nuestro parecer, puede llegar a aumentar y mejorar tanto la competencia léxica de los estudiantes como las destrezas de búsqueda en los diccionarios electrónicos.
El diccionario de Terreros y Pando (1786-1793) como fuente del Waaren Lexicon de Ph. A. Nemnich (1797)
Authors: Stala Ewa 
Published: December 2018

El presente artículo tiene por objetivo mostrar la afiliación entre una obra bastante bien conocida en el mundo hispano: Diccionario castellano con las voces de ciencias y artes del jesuita Esteban Terreros y Pando (1786-1793) y una obra prácticamente desconocida en la lexicografía española: Waaren-Lexicon in zwölf Sprachen de Ph. A. Nemnich (1797) de la que hemos analizado la parte española. A fin de comprobar la hipótesis según la cual el autor alemán se sirvió en gran medida de la obra del jesuita vasco, analizamos la fecha de la primera documentación de los lexemas, las variantes presentadas por ambos autores tal como el orden y el contenido de las entradas.
A RELIGIÃO FLUÍDA E SUAS IMPLICAÇÕES NA CONSTRUÇÃO DAS SUBJETIVIDADES JUVENIS
Authors: Peretti Clelia , Vidal Rangel Max Lima , Stella Maria de Lourdes Koerich Belli 
Published: December 2018

A categoria juventude é tecida num processo dinâmico e de mutação permanente. A juventude é, por natureza, fugaz e impregnada de simbolismos, potencialidades e fragilidades, carregada de inexplicáveis ambiguidades. Objetiva-se neste artigo analisar a condição da religião na pós-modernidade, sua influência na construção da identidade das juventudes universitárias e refletir sobre as formas de compreensão do Sagrado e da religião fluída. O texto discute o conceito de juventude a partir de um resgate na história, traçando uma perspectiva que contribui para a compreensão da juventude em sua complexidade contemporânea. Reflete sobre o contexto histórico-social atual e a relação das juventudes com a religião num processo de liquefação das estruturas, constituindo-se no alargamento da subjetividade individual e líquida. Aborda a perspectiva juvenil sobre a religiosidade, traçando um comparativo entre Brasil e Europa, enfatizando o processo em curso no seio da juventude brasileira em relação a religiosidade. O grande desafio na formação das juventudes universitárias está no uso de metodologias adequadas para aproximá-las do entendimento e da vivência do mistério perdido – o Sagrado.

FLUID RELIGION AND ITS IMPLICATIONS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF JUVENILE SUBJECTIVES
The youth phase is formed in a dynamic process of continuous mutation. The youth is by nature short, impregnated with symbolism, full of potential, fragility and inexplicable ambiguity. The objective of this article is to analyze the postmodernity religious aspect, and its influence in the youth formation process. Also to reflect over the many forms of comprehension of the Sacred and fluid religion. The text discusses the concept of youth from a point in history, tracing a perspective that contributes to the understanding of youth and its contemporary complexity. Reflecting about the historical and social aspects, and the relation between youth and religion in the process that dismantles structures, enlarging individual subjectivity. Also approaches religion from the youth perspective, tracing a comparison between Brazil and Europe, emphasizing the current processing of religion amongst the Brazilian youth. And the great challenge of influencing the youth in universities by using adequate methods that draw them to the understanding and living the lost mystery of the Sacred.
A SIMETRIA ENTRE A CULTURA FITNESS E A ESTRUTURA ANTROPOLÓGICA DO CULTO CRISTÃO
Authors: Guermandi Sueitti Marco Antonio , Adam Júlio Cézar 
Published: December 2018

A prática do culto está diretamente relacionada às religiões instituídas e oficialmente reconhecidas, como o caso do culto cristão. Entretanto, há formas de culto não relacionadas a religiões, presentes na cultura e que, podem ser analisadas a partir de pressupostos da religião ou do religioso, como uma forma de religião vivida. A cultura fitness parece ser uma, dentre tantas outras, dessas manifestações de religião vivida, um culto da cultura. É a partir dessa problemática que este artigo foi elaborado. O objetivo é refletir sobre a cultura fitness como uma forma de culto, uma expressão da religião vivida, tomando como fundamentação comparativa a estrutura antropológica do culto cristão.

SYMMETRY BETWEEN FITNESS CULTURE AND THE ANTHROPOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF CHRISTIAN WORSHIP
the practice of worship is deeply related to instituted and officially recognized religions, such as the Christian worship. However, there are non religious ways of worship within the culture, which can be analyzed by using religious or religion assumptions as a lived religion. Fitness culture seem to be one of those manifestations of lived religion, among many others, the culture worship. Based on those premises, this article was written. Its objective is to analyze fitness culture as way of worship and lived religion, taking the Christian worship anthropology structure as a base of comparison.
La recepción alberdiana en la política educativa de los gobiernos de Julio Argentino Roca
Authors: Muzzopappa Héctor , Herrero Alejandro 
Published: December 2018

ResumenNuestro propósito es evidenciar que, en las dos últimas décadas del siglo XIX,Roca encuentra ciertas voces, en los ministros de instrucción pública y en el normalismo, que aceptan algunas premisas básicas de las ideas educativas de Alberdi, pero no comparten el programa de la república del habitante productor de riqueza, sino que inscriben su propuesta educativa en un programa de república de ciudadanos que pondría &n a la república posible. Esto explicaría dos cuestiones centrales para nuestra exploración: primero por qué en 1900 puede debatirse, por primera vez en el congreso de la nación, un proyecto de educación asociado al trabajo, y segundo, por qué se lo rechaza. A nuestro juicio, los actores que participan de este debate educativo y que se oponen a la república posible, se han formado antes de 1900, y sobre este aspecto trata el presente artículo.
Retórica del duelo: el problema de la voz en Jacques Derrida
Authors: Bravo María Teresa 
Published: December 2018

ResumenEn los textos escritos durante la década del ochenta para los amigos y maestrosmuertos, Derrida vincula voz y alteridad de una manera inédita en su #losofía.En trabajos como De la gramatología y La voz y el fenómeno, la voz es entendida como phoné, como voz de la voz, índice inequívoco de alogocentrismo y perteneciente a la historia de la metafísica de la presencia. Con Memorias para Paul de Man y Psyché esto cambia. Derrida comienza a pensar la voz en términos de voix y a vincularla con la tanatoheterografía y la retórica, entendiendo a esta última como posibilidad de un pensamiento del otro, como un modo de pensar la alteridad.La voz como phoné, vinculada con la #losofía de Edmund Husserl y la teoría lingüística de Ferdinand de Saussure, cede su lugar a la idea de voz como voix, deudora por un lado, de la teoría de la autobiografía y del modo de pensar la deconstrucción de Paul de Man y por otro del § 34 de Ser y Tiempo, en dondeHeidegger habla de la posibilidad de escuchar la voz del amigo que todo Daseinlleva consigo.
El "estado de excepción" de la política de drogas: un caso de desigualdad social por la suspensión del derecho
Authors: Lynch Fernando 
Published: December 2018

Resumen:En base a un examen crítico de la singular situación jurídica resultante dela implementación de la política de drogas, se pone de relieve la vigenciaactual del virtual “estado de excepción” que, según postulara Benjamin, seha convertido en regla dentro del desenvolvimiento de las democracias modernas.En tanto se procede a un ejercicio extraordinario del poder políticofundado en razones del orden de la necesidad –como ser la declaración deuna guerra–, el estado de excepción suspende la vigencia normal del ordenamiento jurídico. Por otro lado, en cuanto se ha constatado que, despuésde varios años de estar librando una infructuosa “guerra contra la droga”,ha acontecido en varios países una signi&cativa falta de aplicación de la leysobre gran proporción de los detenidos por este “crimen”, se ha puesto demani&esto una notoria ambivalencia jurídica entre la vigencia teórica de lanorma y la práctica de su sanción efectiva. Teniendo en cuenta que, segúnel análisis desarrollado por Agamben, esta cualidad ambivalente es precisamentecaracterística del estado de excepción, se expone la singularidad teórico-práctica actual de la legislación sobre drogas en términos que ilustranen perspectiva el regimiento de esta ambigua situación político-jurídica enlas formaciones democráticas.Palabras clave: estado de excepción, política de drogas, suspensión del derecho
¿Por qué los beneficios contenidos en la Ley 1340 de 2009 no constituyen un incentive suficiente para generar la delación de conductas restrictivas de la competencia?
Authors: Vásquez Pérez Eileen 
Published: December 2018

A partir de un ejercicio de análisis económico del Artículo 14 de la Ley 1340 de 2009, a través del cual se consagran incentivos para la delación de prácticas anticompetitivas, este artículo demuestra que los beneficios contenidos en la citada norma no constituyen un incentivo suficiente para generar la delación de conductas restrictivas de la competencia. El análisis presentado tiene su origen en tres hipótesis construidas a partir de principios, teorías y conceptos económicos: (i) si existe una investigación en curso por parte de la Superintendencia de Industria y Comercio, y el ente, en el momento de llegar a los descargos, tiene suficientes pruebas para imponer la multa contenida en el ordenamiento jurídico, entonces solo habrá incentivo suficiente para el primer delator; (ii) si existe una investigación en curso por parte de la Superintendencia de Industria y Comercio, y el ente, en el momento de llegar a los descargos, no tiene suficientes pruebas para imponer la multa, entonces, el agente económico no delatará ni colaborará con la investigación de forma alguna, y (iii) si no existe una investigación en curso por parte de la Superintendencia de Industria y Comercio, entonces, ningún agente económico delatará o confesará su participación en una práctica restrictiva de la competencia. De lo anterior, se concluye que en todo caso solo en el evento de que exista una investigación en curso por prácticas restrictivas de la competencia, el primer delator, y solo este, se verá incentivado a confesar.
Teaching in multilingual education: Syllabus design based on the principles of multilingualism
Authors: Selimi Arijeta 
Published: December 2018

This study is dedicated to the field of didactics in multilingualism, and presents the theories of didactics and didactics in multilingualism by explaining their differences. In addition, this study presents an overview of the definitions and models of didactics in multilingualism; and it suggests a model which can be implemented in a classroom with multilingual students, who learn German as a fourth language (L4). Finally, this study presents a lesson plan for students who have already learned three languages with English as their third language (L3) and are in the process of acquiring German as their fourth language (L4).

Keywords: Didactics in multilingualism, models of multilingualism, lesson planning.
Perceptions of lecturers on grammar with regard to the four skills teaching
Authors: Yavuz Fatih , Sık Kubra 
Published: December 2018

With the rise in communicative approaches in modern educational systems, grammar teaching has started to be a controversial issue among researchers. Whether formal instruction of grammar is essential for learners to attain high levels of accuracy in language learning process still remains as a subject to debate. Therefore, this paper focuses on the perceptions of in-service lecturers about grammar teaching, specifically about the effectiveness of grammatical accuracy on writing and speaking activities. Data were collected using a questionnaire and targeted the lecturers’ beliefs and perceptions about the effectiveness of formal grammar instruction. With specific reference to lecturers’ beliefs, this study discusses the data obtained from the quantitative analysis of the questionnaire which shed light on this issue. This study reveals that for lecturers, formal instruction of grammar is inevitable to attain high proficiency level in writing activities. For speaking activities, however, lecturers do not think that grammar is an essential part of language learning process.

Keywords: Grammar teaching, writing, speaking, perceptions of lecturers.