bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Barriers to Behavioral Treatment Adherence for Headache: An Examination of Attitudes, Beliefs, and Psychiatric Factors
Authors: Matsuzawa Yuka , Lee Yuen Shan Christine , Fraser Felicia , Langenbahn Donna , Shallcross Amanda , Powers Scott , Lipton Richard , Simon Naomi , Minen Mia 
Published: October 2018

Background/ObjectivesNonpharmacological interventions, such as biofeedback, cognitive behavioral therapy, and relaxation techniques are Level‐A evidence‐based treatments for headache. The impact of these interventions is often equivalent to or greater than pharmacological interventions, with fewer side effects. Despite such evidence, the rate of participation in nonpharmacological interventions for headache remains low. Once obstacles to optimizing use of behavioral interventions, such as local access to nonpharmacological treatment and primary headache providers are traversed, identification of barriers contributing to low adherence is imperative given the high levels of disability and cost associated with treating headache disorders. In this review of factors in adults associated with underuse of nonpharmacological interventions, we discuss psychological factors relevant to participation in nonpharmacological treatment, including attitudes and beliefs, motivation for change, awareness of triggers, locus of control, self‐efficacy, acceptance, coping styles, personality traits, and psychiatric comorbidities associated with treatment adherence. Finally, future prospects and approaches to optimizing treatment matching and minimizing adherence issues are addressed.MethodsAn interdisciplinary team conducted this narrative review. Neuropsychologists conducted a literature search during the month of July 2017 using a combination of the keywords (“headache” or “migraine”) and (“adherence” or “compliance”) or “barriers to treatment” or various “psychological factors” discussed in this narrative review. Content experts, a psychiatrist, and a complementary and integrative health specialist provided additional commentary and input to this narrative review resulting in integration of additional noteworthy studies, book chapters and books.ResultsVarious psychological factors, such as attitudes and beliefs, lack of motivation, poor awareness of triggers, external locus of control, poor self‐efficacy, low levels of acceptance, and engagement in maladaptive coping styles can contribute to nonadherence.ConclusionsTo maximize adherence, clinicians can assess and address an individual’s level of treatment acceptance, beliefs that may present as barriers, readiness for change, locus of control, self‐efficacy and psychiatric comorbidities. Identification of barriers to adherence as well as the application of relevant assessment and intervention techniques have the potential to facilitate adherence and ultimately improve treatment success.
Dental general anaesthetic pre‐assessments completed by a specialist—does it change patient outcomes? A UK‐based study
Authors: Brown Lucy , Kenny Kate , O'Sullivan Elizabeth 
Published: October 2018

BackgroundIn the United Kingdom, assessments for dental general anaesthetics (DGA), completed by a Specialist in Paediatric Dentistry, are purported to be the gold standard.AimTo evaluate the outcome of dental assessments completed by a Specialist in Paediatric Dentistry after a referral for an exodontia DGA by the patients’ General Dental Practitioner (GDP).DesignSix hundred and forty‐two sets of notes were reviewed from patients referred for exodontia DGA at a community dental service in the United Kingdom. Information was gathered regarding patients’ oral health and the treatment they had received at three key points; at initial assessment by the Specialist in Paediatric dentistry, hypothetically if the GDPs treatment plan had been followed, and following specialist assessment and treatment.ResultsStatistically significant differences were found in the dental assessment and the subsequent treatment children received between GDP plans and specialist plans. Proposed exodontia plans were changed by the specialist in 85% of cases, with more than 12% of the sample avoiding the need for a DGA.ConclusionsAn assessment by a Specialist in Paediatric Dentistry prior to an exodontia GA significantly changed the outcome for patients. Further work is required to investigate whether there is any long‐term effect of specialist DGA assessment on oral health.
Laboratory workflow to obtain long‐term injected resin composite interim restorations from an additive manufactured esthetic diagnostic template
Authors: Piedra Cascón Wenceslao , Parra Nuñez Alberto , Charlén Díez Ignacio , Revilla‐León Marta 
Published: October 2018

AbstractObjectiveAn analogue and digital workflow for the fabrication of a diagnostic 3D printed polymer template and its duplication for long‐term injected composite resin interim restorations is described, because of the lack of scientific evidence in 3‐dimensional (3D) printing applied to dentistry in terms of printer technology, printer parameters, postpolymerization processes, and material characteristics. In addition, in the case of 3D printed temporary resins, they cannot be relined successfully and its mechanical properties in the mouth have not been tested yet.ConclusionsThe main benefits of this approach relate to the improvement of clinical and laboratory procedures, as conventional waxing is eliminated, conventional master casts are not needed and the process is entirely automatized, improving the workflow, with minimal intervention of the laboratory technician.Clinical SignificanceThe additive manufactured diagnostic template represents the materialization of the digital diagnostic waxing and provides a powerful tool to visualize the digital diagnostic waxing in the patient's mouth and face. Furthermore, the diagnostic 3D printed template can be used for multiple applications including interim restorations, radiographical, or surgical guide fabrication. The duplication technique described provides a predictable workflow to obtain long‐term injected resin composite restorations from an additive manufactured esthetic diagnostic template, improving the laboratory and chairside procedures.
The One step‐No prep technique: A straightforward and minimally invasive approach for full‐mouth rehabilitation of worn dentition using polymer‐infiltrated ceramic network (PICN) CAD‐CAM prostheses
Authors: Mainjot Amélie Karine Jacques 
Published: October 2018

AbstractObjectivesTo introduce a novel approach for full‐mouth rehabilitation of severely worn dentition using polymer‐infiltrated ceramic network (PICN) computer‐aided‐design and manufacturing (CAD‐CAM) restorations, without tooth tissue preparation and provisional phase.Clinical considerationsThree patients with generalized tooth wear, suffering from dental pain, masticatory dysfunction, bruxism and neck and back pain, were selected and treated in collaboration with physiotherapists. Occlusal analyses were performed and full‐mouth diagnostic wax‐ups were designed on the basis of estimated tissue loss. Deficient direct restorations were replaced and low‐thickness PICN (Vita Enamic) restorations (up to 0.2 mm) were CAD‐CAM designed from wax‐ups, milled, tried‐in and then bonded within two consecutive days. To mask palatal veneers, either buccal direct composites or glass‐ceramic veneers were later performed. An occlusal splint was realized. Clinical results were shown to be successful after a follow‐up of 22, 18, and 13 months, respectively. The absence of provisional phase did not engender any inconveniences. Patient reported outcomes were very positive, showing a reduction in neck and back pain and a well‐being increase.ConclusionThe proposed protocol is particularly minimally invasive and straightforward compared to classical techniques. PICNs exhibit several advantages compared to other materials. Preliminary results of this multidisciplinary approach are promising but deserve further clinical research.Clinical significanceThe development of CAD‐CAM technologies offers the possibility of improving treatment of severe worn dentition, reducing chairtime and need of tooth tissue preparation, and introducing a new class of composite materials (hybrid ceramics), which exhibit interesting properties for this indication. The influence of the proposed multidisciplinary approach, particularly the collaboration with physiotherapists, needs to be further explored with respect to treatment of associated symptoms, such as masticatory muscles hypertrophy and neck pain.
A review on chemical composition, mechanical properties, and manufacturing work flow of additively manufactured current polymers for interim dental restorations
Authors: Revilla‐León Marta , Meyers Matthew J. , Zandinejad Amirali , Özcan Mutlu 
Published: October 2018

AbstractObjectivesAdditive manufacturing (AM) technologies can be used to fabricate 3D‐printed interim dental restorations. The aim of this review is to report the manufacturing workflow, its chemical composition, and the mechanical properties that may support their clinical application.OverviewThese new 3D‐printing provisional materials are typically composed of monomers based on acrylic esters or filled hybrid material. The most commonly used AM methods to manufacture dental provisional restorations are stereolithography (SLA) and material jetting (MJ) technologies. To the knowledge of the authors, there is no published article that analyzes the chemical composition of these new 3D‐printing materials. Because of protocol disparities, technology selected, and parameters of the printers and material used, it is notably difficult to compare mechanical properties results obtained in different studies.ConclusionsAlthough there is a growing demand for these high‐tech restorations, additional information regarding the chemical composition and mechanical properties of these new provisional printed materials is required.Clinical SignificanceAdditive manufacturing technologies are a current option to fabricate provisional dental restorations; however, there is very limited information regarding its chemical composition and mechanical properties that may support their clinical application.
The effect of position change on vital signs, back pain and vascular complications following percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Mert Boğa Selda , Öztekin Seher Deniz 
Published: October 2018

AbstractAims and objectivesTo determine the effect of position change that is applied after percutaneous coronary intervention on vital signs, back pain and vascular complications.BackgroundIn order to minimise the postprocedural complications, patients are restricted to prolonged bed rest that is always accompanied by back pain and haemodynamic instability.DesignRandomised‐controlled quasi‐experimental study.MethodsThe study sample chosen for this study included 200 patients who visited a hospital in Turkey between July 2014–November 2014. Patients were divided into two groups by randomisation. Patients in the control group (CG, n = 100) were put in a supine position, in which the head of the bed (HOB) was elevated to 15°, the patient's leg on the side of the intervention was kept straight and immobile; positional change was applied to patients in the experimental group (EG, n = 100).ResultsAfter the procedure in the EG, the systolic blood pressure (T4–T6), the rate of postprocedural vascular complications (1%) and the back pain scores were significantly lower (between T5–T6) than the CG, also, the back pain was the lowest level in the standard fowler's position in the 6th hr wherein the HOB was elevated by 45–60°.ConclusionsIt was found that systolic blood pressure and back pain were at the lowest levels in the standard fowler's position in the 6th hr after the procedure when the HOB was elevated 45–60° and the result was clinically significant and the position change decreased back pain without causing any vascular complications.Relevance to clinical practiceLow fowler's position was applied in which HOB was elevated 15–30° and standard fowler's position was applied in which the HOB was elevated 45–60° could be safe and applicable in patients by nurses after the procedure.
The synergistic effect of NOD2 and TLR4 on the activation of autophagy in human submandibular gland inflammation
Authors: Li Jiajie , Li Bo , Cheng Yong , Meng Qingong , Wei Lili , Li Wei , Zhang Jiali , Huang Shengfu 
Published: October 2018

BackgroundSialadenitis is a nonneoplastic disease that causes salivary dysfunction. Autophagy may be involved in helping protect salivary function when the salivary gland is impaired; this process is primarily activated by sensors of innate immunity, such as Toll‐like receptors and nucleotide‐binding oligomerization domain (NOD)‐like receptors. The role of these pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) in the regulation of salivary gland tissue defense and homeostasis has been underappreciated. This study hypothesized that NOD2 and TLR4 have a synergistic effect on the activation of autophagy in human submandibular gland (HSG) inflammation.MethodsSubmandibular gland inflammation was modeled by treating HSG cell lines in vitro with muramyl dipeptide (MDP) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for 24 hours. The mRNA and protein expression of NOD2, TLR4 and autophagy‐related proteins (ATG5, LC3, Beclin1) were evaluated by real‐time PCR and Western blot. Immunohistochemistry and double immunofluorescence were used to analyze the presence, distribution and colocalization of the aforementioned indicators in HSG tissues.ResultThe mRNA and protein expression of autophagy‐related proteins were significantly increased in HSG cells costimulated with LPS and MDP for 24 hours. NOD2, TLR4 and the autophagy‐related proteins were also highly expressed in residual acini and dilated ducts of chronic submandibular sialadenitis tissues. In addition, PRRs and autophagy markers were obviously colocalized in chronic submandibular sialadenitis tissues and HSG cells.ConclusionTLR4 and NOD2 have unique expression sites in salivary glands, and they may synergistically activate autophagy in salivary glands under conditions of inflammation.
Crossmodal contributions to the perception of piquancy/spiciness
Authors: Spence Charles 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe last 500 years or so has seen a phenomenal increase of interest in piquant/spicy food around the world. In this review, the latest research documenting the crossmodal influences on the perception of oral piquancy/spiciness that have been established to date are summarized: Everything from the color of the foodstuff through the color of the plateware on which that food is served has been found to influence both the expected and experienced piquancy/spiciness of food. Furthermore, certain musical parameters have also been shown to enhance the perceived piquancy of the food in a restaurant setting. By contrast, spicy smells have not, as yet, attracted anything like as much research interest from the scientific community. Intriguingly, many of the crossmodal influences on piquancy/spiciness that have been documented to date appear to be more pronounced when the actual experience on tasting the food is close to the preconsumption expectations. And while many of the crossmodal effects in this area appear to mirror those found previously for basic taste and flavor stimuli, there is a sense in which the broader range of intensities of sensation experienced in relation to chili/capsaicin may mean that crossmodal influences are somewhat different in this case.Practical applicationsPiquancy/spiciness is a highly desirable food attribute. In fact, chiles are eaten by one in four of us every day. As yet, however, it has not attracted anything like the research interest that the basic tastes have. This review draws attention to the multisensory factors (including color, sound, etc.) that have recently been shown to modulate the experienced piquancy/spiciness of a dish. Given its widespread appeal, gaining a better understanding of this most desirable of oral sensations is likely to benefit food providers.
Exploring the decision component of the Activation‐Decision‐Construction‐Action Theory for different reasons to deceive
Authors: Cassidy Hannah , Wyman Joshua , Talwar Victoria , Akehurst Lucy 
Published: October 2018

ObjectivesTo explore how reasons to lie impact upon the decision component of Activation‐Decision‐Construction‐Action Theory.DesignSpecifically, the study looked at how beneficiary of the lie (self vs. another) and additional cost of lying (no cost vs. cost to self/other) might influence decisions to lie.MethodsNinety‐one undergraduate students read four hypothetical scenarios representing the four reasons to lie. They stated whether they would decide to tell the truth/lie for each scenario and also estimated the probability and valence of being believed, or not, if they did decide to tell the truth/lie. These estimations were inputted into the ADCAT formulae.ResultsHigher expected values of truth‐telling only reduced likelihood to decide to lie when the lie benefitted another. Beneficiary of the lie and additional cost together did not moderate any of the relationships between the ADCAT variables and hypothetical decisions to lie. However, the additional cost (e.g., to self or another) was a significant predictor of anticipated lying behaviour. The more likely there was a cost to self or other, the less likely the participants were to decide to lie.ConclusionsWeighing up the expected cost and benefits of truth‐telling and lying was associated with hypothetical decisions to lie or not. However, other variables, such as additional cost to self or another, should be considered in the ADCAT model to extend our understanding of this decision‐making process. Future research is required to investigate whether these relationships can be manipulated to promote honesty and deter deceit.
Endoscopic retrograde cholangiography and percutaneous transhepatic cholangiodrainage in biliary strictures after liver transplantation: Long‐term outcome predictors and influence on patient survival
Authors: Heinemann Melina , Tafrishi Bita , Pischke Sven , Fischer Lutz , Rösch Thomas , Lohse Ansgar W. , Sterneck Martina , Denzer Ulrike W. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractBackground & AimsBiliary strictures are common complications after orthotopic liver transplantation. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiography evolved as standard and percutaneous transhepatic cholangiodrainage as alternative therapy. This study analysed predictors of long‐term success of biliary strictures after endoscopic retrograde cholangiography and/or percutaneous transhepatic cholangiodrainage and its impact on patient survival.MethodsAll adult patients with biliary strictures receiving endoscopic retrograde cholangiography and/or percutaneous transhepatic cholangiodrainage between 2009 and 2015 at the University Medical Center Hamburg‐Eppendorf were retrospectively analysed. Potential predictors of long‐term success (≥12 months) were identified by univariate and logistic regression analyses. Patient survival was analysed by Kaplan‐Meier method and log‐rank test.ResultsHundred and sixteen patients were treated with endoscopic retrograde cholangiography and/or percutaneous transhepatic cholangiodrainage, including 67 patients with anastomotic strictures, 22 with nonanastomotic strictures and 27 with both stricture types. Eighty‐five patients received endoscopic retrograde cholangiography, 17 percutaneous transhepatic cholangiodrainage and 14 both techniques. Long‐term success was achieved in 60 patients (52%). Predictors of treatment failure were a preinterventional C‐reactive protein >8 g/dL in anastomotic strictures (P = 0.039) and a body mass index ≤21 kg/m2 in nonanastomotic strictures (P = 0.021). In patients who received endoscopic retrograde cholangiography only, balloon dilatation of anastomotic strictures with larger diameters favoured success (P = 0.015). Achievement of long‐term success was associated with prolonged patient survival in anastomotic strictures (P = 0.036) and nonanastomotic strictures (P = 0.025), but not in combined strictures (P = 0.739).ConclusionIn post‐orthotopic liver transplantation biliary strictures treated by endoscopic retrograde cholangiography and/or percutaneous transhepatic cholangiodrainage, patient BMI and preinterventional C‐reactive protein may influence prognosis. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiography with larger balloon diameter may favour success in anastomotic strictures. Long‐term success by endoscopic retrograde cholangiography and/or percutaneous transhepatic cholangiodrainage is associated with superior survival in patients with anastomotic strictures and nonanastomotic strictures only.
Concurrent wasting and stunting among under‐five children in Niakhar, Senegal
Authors: Garenne Michel , Myatt Mark , Khara Tanya , Dolan Carmel , Briend André 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe study describes the patterns of concurrent wasting and stunting (WaSt) among children age 6–59 months living in the 1980s in Niakhar, a rural area of Senegal under demographic surveillance. Wasting and stunting were defined by z scores lower than −2 in weight for height and height for age. Both conditions were found to be highly prevalent, wasting more so before age 30 months, stunting more so after age 30 months. As a result, concurrent WaSt peaked around age 18 months and its prevalence (6.2%) was primarily the product of the two conditions, with an interaction term of 1.57 (p < 10−6). The interaction was due to the correlation between both conditions (more stunting if wasted, more wasting if stunted). Before age 30 months, boys were more likely to be concurrently wasted and stunted than girls (RR = 1.61), but the sex difference disappeared after 30 months of age. The excess susceptibility of younger boys could not be explained by muscle mass or fat mass measured by arm or muscle circumference, triceps, or subscapular skinfold. Concurrent WaSt was a strong risk factor for child mortality, and its effect was the product of the independent effect of each component, with no significant interaction.
Contact call diversity in natural beluga entrapments in an Arctic estuary: Preliminary evidence of vocal signatures in wild belugas
Authors: Vergara Valeria , Mikus Marie‐Ana 
Published: October 2018

AbstractBroadband, pulsed contact calls have been described for captive and temporarily restrained belugas, but little information exists on their usage in the wild. We examined vocal production during 14 natural beluga entrapments in a shallow channel in Cunningham Inlet, as isolation events offer ideal contexts to study contact calls. Drone footage, overhead photos, and shore‐based photos confirmed the number of individuals and age composition in each entrapment. Contact calls comprised the majority (61%) of vocalizations produced by entrapped whales compared to the free‐ranging herd (10%). We divided contact calls into complex (80%), those with a stereotyped, spectrographically prominent component overlapping the pulse train that characterizes all beluga contact calls, and simple (20%), those with no overlapping component. For each entrapment, we generated a catalogue of complex contact call types, totaling 87 types. Our classification was corroborated both quantitatively and by 55 naïve human judges. Occasional instances of overlapping contact calls of the same type indicated dyadic production. The number of contact call types per entrapment was strongly related to (never exceeding) the number of individuals, excluding neonates. Although this suggests a system of vocal signatures in belugas, consistent with their fission‐fusion society and earlier findings, whether signature identity is encoded individually or shared with related animals remains unknown.