bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
OMT for the Prevention and Management of Chronic Constipation and Distal Intestinal Obstructive Syndrome in Cystic Fibrosis: A Pilot Study
Authors: Modlin Sara E. , Borofka Kristian , Franzini Danielle , Klene-Bowns Alaina C. , Nuño Victor A. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

Context
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder primarily affecting the lungs and digestive system. Patients with CF often have multiorgan dysfunction, including chronic lung infections, pancreatic insufficiency, chronic constipation, and distal intestinal obstructive syndrome (DIOS).

Objective
To understand the impact of osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT) on the prevention and management of gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with CF.

Methods
This study used OMT for physical manipulation of the viscera, spine, and other somatic components to improve bowel symptoms and prevent DIOS. These effects were achieved by releasing myofascial restrictions found in the abdomen and somatic structures with the intent to optimize the autonomic and lymphatic systems and improve range of motion.

Results
Four of 5 participants had a decrease in pain, and 3 participants had a reduced need for laxatives during treatment. Four participants had an overall increase in satisfaction with their bowel movements while being treated with OMT.

Conclusion
These findings support the use of OMT as a method for the management of chronic constipation and DIOS in the CF population. However, because of the small population size, more research with larger populations is needed.
Expression of osteopontin, matrix metalloproteinase-2 and -9 proteins in vascular instability in brain arteriovenous malformation
Authors: Anbarasen Lalita , Lim Jasmine , Rajandram Retnagowri , Mun Kein Seong , Sia Sheau Fung 
Published: June 2019

Background
Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and -9 are Osteopontin (OPN) dependent molecules implicated in the destabilization of blood vessels. OPN and MMPs have been studied in brain arteriovenous malformation (BAVM) patients’ tissues and blood samples before intervention. In this study, we compared the serum level of these markers before and after treatment, as well as assessed their protein expressions in BAVM tissues to evaluate their roles in this disease.

Methodology
Serum samples from six BAVM patients and three control subjects were analyzed using enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay (ELISA) for OPN. A total of 10 BAVM patients and five control subjects were analyzed using Multiplex ELISA for MMPs. A total of 16 BAVM tissue samples and two normal brain tissue samples were analyzed using immunohistochemistry.

Result
MMP-2 and -9 were significantly higher in the serum of BAVM patients before and after treatment than in control patients. There were no significant differences of OPN and MMP-9 serum level in BAVM patients before and after treatment. MMP-2 showed a significant elevation after the treatment. Expression of OPN, MMP-2 and -9 proteins were seen in endothelial cells, perivascular cells and brain parenchyma of BAVM tissues.

Conclusion
Findings revealed that the level of MMP-2 and -9 in the serum correlated well with the expression in BAVM tissues in several cases. Knockdown studies will be required to determine the relationships and mechanisms of action of these markers in the near future. In addition, studies will be required to investigate the expression of these markers’ potential applications as primary medical therapy targets for BAVM patients.
The Effect of Delayed Scanning of Photostimulable Phosphor Plates on Inter-proximal Caries Detection
Authors: Tavakoli Ehsan , Sabet Jale Shafiei , Entezarghaem Mahjube , Nadaf Fatemeh , Rad Elahe Shafiei 
Published: June 2019

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of different scan delays and different kVps on the diagnostic accuracy of inter-proximal caries detection in photostimulable phosphor plates (PSPs).
Materials and Methods: 45 non-cavitated extracted human posterior teeth were radiographed using the DIGORA® PSPs (Soredex Corporation, Helsinki, Finland). The plates were exposed at 60 kVp and 70 kVp were scanned immediately, 10 min, 30 min, 1h, 6 h, 24 h and 48 h after exposure. In between the exposure and the scan period, the plates were stored in light-tight boxes. The true presence of caries was determined by sectioning the teeth mesiodistally. The accuracy was expressed as the area under ROC curve (AZ). The AZs were compared using SPSS version17 software and repeated measurement test. Kappa was used to measure inter and intra observer agreement.
Results: There was no significant difference between caries detection AZs of the images that were scanned immediately and within 30 min after exposure at 60 kVp and 70 kVp (P >0.05). The immediately scanned AZ at 60 kVp was significantly higher than the AZs with 6 h, 24 h and 48 h scan delays (P <0.05). the immediately scanned AZ at 70Kvp was significantly higher than the AZs of 1 h, 6 h, 24 h and 48 h (P <0.05).
Conclusions: PSP scanning should not be delayed higher than 30 min in order to have an accurate proximal caries detection. Longer delays may cause loss of quality of images.
Obesity, genomic ancestry, and socioeconomic variables in Latin American mestizos
Authors: Ruderman Anahí , Pérez Luis O. , Adhikari Kaustubh , Navarro Pablo , Ramallo Virginia , Gallo Carla , Poletti Giovanni , Bedoya Gabriel , Bortolini Maria C. , Acuña‐Alonzo Victor , Canizales‐Quinteros Samuel , Rothhammer Francisco , Ruiz‐Linares Andres , González‐José Rolando 
Published: June 2019

AbstractObjectivesThis article aims to assess the contribution of genomic ancestry and socioeconomic status to obesity in a sample of admixed Latin Americans.MethodsThe study comprised 6776 adult volunteers from Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Mexico, and Peru. Each volunteer completed a questionnaire about socioeconomic variables. Anthropometric variables such as weight, height, waist, and hip circumference were measured to calculate body indices: body mass index, waist‐to‐hip ratio and waist‐to‐height ratio (WHtR). Genetic data were extracted from blood samples, and ancestry was estimated using chip genotypes. Multiple linear regression was used to evaluate the relationship between the indices and ancestry, educational level, and economic well‐being. The body indices were dichotomized to obesity indices by using appropriate thresholds. Odds ratios were calculated for each obesity index.ResultsThe sample showed high percentages of obesity by all measurements. However, indices did not overlap consistently when classifying obesity. WHtR resulted in the highest prevalence of obesity. Overall, women with low education level and men with high economic wellness were more likely to be obese. American ancestry was statistically associated with obesity indices, although to a lesser extent than socioeconomic variables.ConclusionsThe proportion of obesity was heavily dependent on the index and the population. Genomic ancestry has a significant influence on the anthropometric measurements, especially on central adiposity. As a whole, we detected a large interpopulation variation that suggests that better approaches to overweight and obesity phenotypes are needed in order to obtain more precise reference values.
Intentional cranial modification from the Houtaomuga Site in Jilin, China: Earliest evidence and longest in situ practice during the Neolithic Age
Authors: Zhang Qun , Liu Peng , Yeh Hui‐Yuan , Man Xingyu , Wang Lixin , Zhu Hong , Wang Qian , Zhang Quanchao 
Published: June 2019

AbstractObjectivesIntentional cranial modification (ICM) was a long‐established tradition used to reshape the head. Unfortunately, motivation of the act is unclear. It has been found in recent and contemporary human populations throughout the Old and New Worlds, yet the drawback of the quest into the origin, diffusion, and meanings of ICM is the lack of early materials for scientific examination. This study reports the discovery of ICM from the Neolithic Houtaomuga Site in Northeast China and the importance in deepening our knowledge of this intriguing tradition.Materials and methodsTwenty‐five skeletons unearthed from the Neolithic cultural Phases 1–4 in the Houtaomuga Site were visually screened for ICM features. Cranial measurements were conducted to quantify the degree of variation in the modified skulls and typical ones were computer tomography (CT) scanned to obtain a diploë structure and 3D model.ResultsEleven skulls carrying signs of ICM from both sexes varying in age from juveniles to full adults were identified ranging from 12,000 BP to 5,000 BP. Three types of modification patterns were observed and most of them were of typical fronto‐occipital modification pattern. In particular, there were remarkable variations in the curvature of the crania along the sagittal direction.DiscussionOverall, the antiquity as well as the cultural and genetic continuity of the population in Houtaomuga Site demonstrated the earliest confirmed ICM cases from the easternmost Old World, and the longest in situ duration of ICM practice at one single Neolithic site. This circumstance largely contributes to our understanding of the origins and distribution of ICM in Eurasia and the American continent.
Carbon Molecular Sieve Membrane Preparation by Economical Coating and Pyrolysis of Porous Polymer Hollow Fibers
Authors: Cao Yuhe , Zhang Kuang , Sanyal Oishi , Koros William J. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractDip coating and pyrolysis processes are used to create multi‐layer asymmetric carbon molecular sieve (CMS) hollow fiber membranes with excellent gas separation properties. Coating of an economical engineered support with a high‐performance polyimide to create precursor fibers with a dense skin layer reduces material cost by 25‐fold compared to monolithic precursors or ceramic supports. CMS permeation results with CO2/CH4 (50:50) mixed gas feed show attractive CO2/CH4 selectivity of 58.8 and CO2 permeance of 310 GPU at 35 °C.
A Chemo‐Enzymatic Cascade for the Smart Detection of Nitro‐ and Halogenated Phenols
Authors: Watthaisong Pratchaya , Pongpamorn Pornkanok , Pimviriyakul Panu , Maenpuen Somchart , Ohmiya Yoshihiro , Chaiyen Pimchai 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe flavin‐dependent monooxygenase, HadA, catalyzes the dehalogenation and denitration of the toxicants, nitro‐ and halogenated phenols, to benzoquinone. The HadA reaction can be applied in one‐pot reactions towards the de novo synthesis of d‐luciferin by coupling with d‐Cys condensation. d‐luciferin, a valuable chemical widely used in biomedical applications, can be used as a substrate for the reaction of firefly luciferase to generate bioluminescence. As nitro‐ and halogenated phenols are key indicators of human overexposure to pesticides and pesticide contamination, the technology provides a sensitive and convenient tool for improved biomedical and environmental detection at ppb sensitivity in biological samples without the requirement for any pre‐treatment. This dual‐pronged method combines the advantages of waste biodetoxification to produce a valuable chemical as well as a smart detection tool for environmental and biomedical detection.
Protection of Antioxidants, Vitamins E and C, from Ultraviolet Degradation using Feruloylated Vegetable Oil
Authors: Compton David L. , Evans Kervin O. , Appell Michael , Goodell John R. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractNatural antioxidants are often used in topical personal care formulations to protect the skin from oxidative stresses but are susceptible to degradation due to ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Feruloyl soy glycerols (FSG) are UV absorbers synthesized from the biocatalytic conversion of soybean oil and ferulic acid ethyl ester that have a total UV absorbance and photostability comparable to the commercial UV absorber, 2‐ethylhexyl‐4‐methoxycinnamate (octinoxate, ONX). We examined the ability of FSG and ONX to photoprotect the antioxidant capacity of Vitamin E (VE), Vitamin C (VC), Vitamin E, and their derivatives, 6‐hydroxy‐2,5,7,8‐tetramethylchroman‐2‐carboxylic acid (Trolox, TLX) and L‐ascorbic acid 6‐palmitate (Vitamin C palmitate, VCP), from UV degradation. VE, VC, TLX, and VCP (100 μM solutions) acted as rapid antioxidants, scavenging >50% of the spontaneously formed free radical, 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH*, 200 μM), within 5 min in acetonitrile solutions. The vitamins and TLX were rendered slow antioxidants in the DDPH* assays, scavenging <50% of DPPH* within 30 min, after exposure of the acetonitrile solutions to UV radiation for 4 hours. VCP solutions were rendered moderate antioxidants, scavenging >50% of DPPH* within 30 min, after 4 hours exposure to UV radiation. FSG (100–1000 μM) was added to acetonitrile solutions of the vitamins and their derivatives to determine if FSG could photoprotect VE, TLX, VC, and VCP, allowing them to retain their antioxidant activities after 4 hours of UV irradiation. The addition of FSG, 500 and 1000 μM, allowed TLX and VE to retain rapid antioxidant activity after 4‐hour UV exposure. VC retained rapid antioxidant capacity with 100 μM FSG after 4 hours of UV exposure. FSG performed comparably to slightly better than the commercial UV absorber, ONX, in protecting the antioxidant activities of vitamins and their derivatives from UV degradation. FSG also possessed intrinsic antioxidant capacity that ONX did not, which may have contributed to its better performance when mixed with the vitamins and their derivatives in the DPPH* assays.
Challenges to traditional management of connected ecosystems within a fractured regulatory landscape: A case study from southern New Zealand
Authors: Hepburn Christopher D. , Jackson Anne‐Marie , Pritchard Daniel W. , Scott Nigel , Vanderburg Patricia H. , Flack Brendan 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

Indigenous people often manage natural environments and resources based on landscape features. Rights and management responsibilities that follow pathways of water from their source in alpine areas down and ultimately into and out to sea are common. Contemporary frameworks that seek to support management of the environment, ecosystems and resources from marine areas to alpine zones are not so connected.
The East Otago Taiāpure and Waikouaiti Mātaitai are Customary Protection Areas (CPAs) that connect from fresh water into the marine environment. These CPAs fall within the cultural landscape of Kāti Huirapa ki Puketeraki, the hapū (sub‐tribe) of Ngāi Tahu, the iwi (tribe) who holds mana whenua (authority) over East Otago. CPAs may provide a way for iwi and hapū to manage a catchment as a whole, and to allow for traditional approaches to management within a contemporary legislative framework.
Despite local successes in restoring habitat, changing legislation, gaining knowledge and building community support for change, fundamental issues remain. Members of the East Otago Taiāpure Committee reflect on the last 15 years of management and identify constraints and enablers of community‐led management across inherently connected ecosystems using a kaupapa Māori approach. A compartmentalized view of connected ecosystems, complex legislation and government‐focused processes emerge as issues that make even seemingly simple issues complicated for community managers.
If locally led management models are to work, continuity of the relationships between government agencies and the community, an understanding of the long‐term and connected view of community groups, resourcing and support beyond the issue of the day, and clear pathways to affect change are key.
For true community‐led ecosystem management to be effective, we must focus on the needs and the perspectives of the community and move away from structures designed to ease the role of government in managing natural resources and the environment.
The Maternal and Paternal Effects on Clinically and Surgically Defined Osteoarthritis
Authors: Weldingh Eirik , Johnsen Marianne Bakke , Hagen Kåre Birger , Østerås Nina , Risberg May Arna , Natvig Bård , Slatkowsky‐Christensen Barbara , Fenstad Anne Marie , Furnes Ove , Nordsletten Lars , Magnusson Karin 
Published: June 2019

ObjectiveIt is currently unknown whether osteoarthritis (OA) is inherited mainly from the mother, father, or both. This study was undertaken to explore the effect of maternal and paternal factors on hip, knee, and hand OA in offspring.MethodsParticipants from the Musculoskeletal Pain in Ullensaker Study (MUST) (69% female; mean ± SD age 64 ± 9 years) and a Norwegian OA twin study (Nor‐Twin) (56% female; 49 ± 11 years) reported whether their mother and/or father had OA. Using a recurrence risk estimation approach, we calculated whether maternal and paternal OA increased the risk of 1) surgically defined hip and knee OA (i.e., total joint replacement) and 2) clinically defined hip, knee, and hand OA (i.e., the American College of Rheumatology criteria) using logistic regression. Relative risks (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated.ResultsMaternal OA consistently increased the risk of offspring OA across different OA locations and severities. Having a mother with OA increased the risk of any OA in daughters (RR 1.13 [95% CI 1.02–1.25] in the MUST cohort; RR 1.44 [95% CI 1.05–1.97] in the Nor‐Twin cohort) but not (or with less certainty) in sons (RR 1.16 [95% CI 0.95–1.43] in the MUST cohort; RR 1.31 [95% CI 0.71–2.41] in the Nor‐Twin cohort). Having a father with OA was less likely to increase the risk of any OA in daughters (RR 1.00 [95% CI 0.85–1.16] in the MUST cohort; RR 1.52 [95% CI 0.94–2.46] in the Nor‐Twin cohort) and sons (RR 1.08 [95% CI 0.83–1.41] in the MUST cohort; RR 0.93 [95% CI 0.35–2.48] in the Nor‐Twin cohort).ConclusionOA in the mother increased the risk of surgically and clinically defined hip, knee, and hand OA in offspring, particularly in daughters. Our findings imply that heredity of OA may be linked to maternal genes and/or maternal‐specific factors such as the fetal environment.
30‐MN‐Prüfmaschine für quasistatische und zyklische Druck‐ und Zugprüfungen
Authors: Empelmann Martin , Laube Martin , Oettel Vincent , Gutsch Alex W. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractWeltweit ist ein zunehmender Trend nach immer höher beanspruchten und größer dimensionierten Bauwerken zu beobachten. Des Weiteren werden zunehmend Hochleistungswerkstoffe, wie ultrahochfeste Betone oder hochfeste Stähle, eingesetzt. Um dieser Entwicklung hinsichtlich Forschung und Prüfung von Bauteilen (Stützen, Seilen etc.) mit großen, (nahezu) realmaßstäblichen Abmessungen und den damit verbundenen sehr großen Prüfkräften zu begegnen, wurde vom iBMB, Fachgebiet Massivbau der TU Braunschweig und der Materialprüfanstalt für das Bauwesen Braunschweig (MPA) eine 30‐MN‐Prüfmaschine für quasistatische und zyklische Druck‐ und Zugprüfungen geplant, konstruiert und schließlich errichtet. In diesem Beitrag werden die 30‐MN‐Prüfmaschine mit ihren Kennzahlen und ihr Funktionsprinzip sowie ihr erfolgreicher Einsatz in mehreren Forschungs‐, Prüf‐ und Kalibrierungsaufgaben dargestellt.
ICT skills gap in Spain: Before and after a decade of harmonizing the European Higher Education Area
Authors: Llorens Garcia Ariadna , Prat Farran Joana d’Arc , Berbegal‐Mirabent Jasmina 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThis study examines the impact that the implementation of the European Higher Education Area has had on engineers in the information and communication technology (ICT) sector. Specifically, we focus on the case of Spain and compare the key professional skills most demanded by the sector in 2008 and in 2018, coinciding with a decade since its implementation. We also investigate if the skills acquired by students at the university are aligned with those demanded in the marketplace. Therefore, with this study we answer the following question: Are ICT students trained adequately? To do so we conduct an empirical study based on a representative sample of Spanish companies working in the ICT sector. Our results reveal the presence of a skill gap between employers’ expectations and the abilities that are actually acquired by students. Implications for policy and practice are discussed.
Successful staged tricuspid valve replacement following cardiac resynchronization therapy in a congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries
Authors: Asagai Seiji , Takeuchi Daiji , Sugiyama Hisashi , Nagashima Mitsugi 
Published: June 2019

AbstractSimple tricuspid valve surgery for complex heart disease with systemic right ventricular dysfunction is a high‐risk procedure; however, staged tricuspid valve surgery following cardiac resynchronization therapy seems to be a beneficial method to expect reverse systemic ventricular remodeling.
Thermochemistry of Surfactant‐Templating of USY Zeolite
Authors: Linares Noemi , De Oliveira Jardim Erika , Sharma Geetu , Serrano Elena , Navrotsky Alexandra , García‐Martínez Javier 
Published: June 2019

AbstractWith the aim of understanding the thermochemistry of the introduction of mesoporosity in zeolites by using surfactants, high temperature oxide melt solution calorimetry was used to determine the change in the enthalpy of formation of USY zeolite before and after the introduction of mesoporosity. Our results confirm that this process only slightly destabilizes the zeolite by the additional surface area. However, this can be overcome by the stabilizing effect of the interactions between the surfactant and the zeolite framework.
Optimizing parameter sensitivity analysis of large‐scale microscopy image analysis workflows with multilevel computation reuse
Authors: Barreiros Willian , Moreira Jeremias , Kurc Tahsin , Kong Jun , Melo Alba C.M.A. , Saltz Joel H. , Teodoro George 
Published: June 2019

SummaryParameter sensitivity analysis (SA) is an effective tool to gain knowledge about complex analysis applications and assess the variability in their analysis results. However, it is an expensive process as it requires the execution of the target application multiple times with a large number of different input parameter values. In this work, we propose optimizations to reduce the overall computation cost of SA in the context of analysis applications that segment high‐resolution slide tissue images, ie, images with resolutions of 100k × 100k pixels. Two cost‐cutting techniques are combined to efficiently execute SA: use of distributed hybrid systems for parallel execution and computation reuse at multiple levels of an analysis pipeline to reduce the amount of computation. These techniques were evaluated using a cancer image analysis workflow on a hybrid cluster with 256 nodes, each with an Intel Phi and a dual socket CPU. Our parallel execution method attained an efficiency of over 90% on 256 nodes. The hybrid execution on the CPU and Intel Phi improved the performance by 2×. Multilevel computation reuse led to performance gains of over 2.9×.