bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rethinking Trans History and Gay History in Early Twentieth-Century New York
Authors: Gearhardt Nan 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis article examines two cases that have previously been prominent in the gay and lesbian histories of early twentieth century New York, those of Loop-the-loop and Murray Hall. Utilizing Clare Sear’s critical approach of trans-ing analysis to reframe these cases and to reexamine them anew, this essay departs from existing scholarship while yet acknowledging the complex interaction between gender and sexuality in the early twentieth century. Reframing these two cases within transgender history, I examined their transgression of gender boundaries to analyze how these two individuals’ non-normative gender practices were central to how others understood and framed them, as well as to how they presented themselves. When reexamined, Hall’s case suggests a complex reaction to non-normative gender in relation to the racialized performance of gender as well as a connection between non-normative gender and criminality. Loop-the-loop’s case points to a connection between sexology, the American eugenics movement, and scientific racism, while also shows the resistance by those who transgressed gender boundaries. The examination of these two cases aims to challenge existing explanations for individuals who transgress gender boundaries and to expand historians’ understanding of transgender history.
Containing Voices of Memory: Lesbianism, Second-Wave Feminism, and the Queer Mnemonic Voice-Outtake inMAKERS: The Women Who Make America
Authors: Christensen Kyle 
Published: July 2019

AbstractApplying theories of voice, feminist film and extratextual media studies, and queer rhetorical memory, this article considers how lesbian feminism in the American second-wave feminist movement is remembered in the 2013 documentary film MAKERS: The Women Who Make America. The film minimizes and omits the voices of lesbian women, thereby overlooking the queer memories they express of the feminist movement. Many of these voices are only made accessible through the MAKERS official website, and thus, they become examples of “queer mnemonic voice-outtakes” whose containment on the MAKERS website aids in the negation of queer memories of the feminist past. However, this article also finds that queer feminist memory is presented only through white lesbian women, as the voices of black lesbian feminists featured in MAKERS never provide their own insights into how their sexuality influenced their feminist politics.
Maternal outcome of primigravida patient with term pregnancy with engaged versus unengaged foetal head at onset of labour
Authors: Goyal Aditi , Wadhwani Rekha 
Published: July 2019

Background: The primigravida are a group at risk as their capacity of child bearing has never put to the test, “primigravida is a dark and untired horse". The potential for future child bearing is determined by outcome of first labour. Hence, if first pregnancy results in normal healthy child, patient is mentally better prepared for subsequent pregnancies. Foetal head is said to be engaged when its biparietal diameter, the greatest diameter in an occiput presentation, passes through the pelvic inlet. Unengagement of head in primigravida has long been considered a possible sign of cephalopelvic disproportion.Methods: The study had 220 primigravida of which 110 had unengaged head as study group and 110 engaged head as controls. Data collection was done and the course of labour in all the patients recorded on partograph and all the patients were studied in detail. Engagement of the head was defined on the basis of Second Pawlik’s grip and Crichton’s fifth’s formula.Results: Our study shows that higher age group had more number of cases with unengaged head. The patient with engaged head had higher number of vaginal delivery than study group with unengaged head. More number of LSCS i.e. about 39.1% in study group as compared to 21% of controls is statistically significant difference (p value 0.05).Conclusions: We can conclude that primigravida with unengaged foetal head at onset of labour may deliver vaginally with minimal maternal morbidity, if proper monitoring and maintenance of partogram is done.
Comparative performance of Cerebral Perfusion Ratio as compared to MCA PI and UA PI in prediction of adverse perinatal outcomes in intra uterine growth restricted fetuses
Authors: Shinde Jyotsna S. , Manmohan Madan P. , Pasoria Sanjay S. , Ummer Thahir V. 
Published: July 2019

Background: Intra uterine growth restriction (IUGR) is a common clinical sign seen due to chronic foetal hypoxemia and is considered a major contributor of perinatal morbidity and mortality. The aim of the present study was to determine and compare the sensitivity and specificity of umbilical artery pulsatility index (UA PI), middle cerebral artery (MCA) PI and cerebral perfusion ratio (CPR) in predicting adverse and poor perinatal outcomes in fetuses with IUGR.Methods: The study included 100 pregnant women with post 24 weeks of gestation with clinical history of IUGR. Doppler examination parameters, including waveforms and measurements, of the umbilical artery, middle cerebral artery were recorded. The Cerebral Perfusion Ratio (CPR) was calculated from MCA PI and UA PI and a final comparison of accuracy of Doppler indices was done with perinatal outcome.Results: The sensitivity of the UA PI was higher (49.3%) than that of the MCA PI (43.6%) and the CPR (37.7%). The specificity of the CPR was higher (87.1%) than that of the MCA PI (83.9%) and the UA PI (74.2%).Conclusions: From the findings of the study, it can be concluded that UA PI is the most sensitive and CPR is the most specific parameter in predicting adverse perinatal outcomes in IUGR fetuses. Thus, in addition to pulsatility indices, CPR should be used as a tool for surveillance and included in the routine reporting formats of obstetric Doppler studies.
A modified droplet vitrification method for cryopreservation of shoot tips from <i>in vitro</i> potato plants
Authors: Gavrilenko T. A. , Shvachko N. A. , Volkova N. N. , Ukhatova Yu. V. 
Published: July 2019

Collections of common potato maintained in the field genebanks suffer significant losses due to the impact of extreme environmental factors, diseases and pests. The solution of the problem of safe long-term preservation of common potato accessions is to create doublet in vitro and cryo-collections. Cryogenic collections are stored at ultra-low temperatures in cryobanks. Several methods of potato cryoconservation are known, of which the droplet vitrification method developed by B. Panis with colleagues in 2005 is the most widely used in genebanks. This paper provides a detailed description of the modified method of droplet vitrification, which is used for cryopreservation of apexes (shoot tips) of potato in vitro plants at the N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR). The method modified at VIR includes the main steps of the original droplet-vitrification method developed by B. Panis and colleagues: 1) preparation of plant material, 2) isolation of shoot tips, 3) treatment of explants with cryoprotector solutions, 4) freezing/immersion in liquid nitrogen, 5) thawing, 6) post-cryogenic recovery and evaluation of viability and regeneration capacity. The modifications of stages 1, 2 and 6 proposed at VIR lead to a significant reduction in the duration of cryopreservation experiments in comparison with the original method of B. Panis. This paper presents the results of cryopreservation of modern potato cultivars and South American landraces which were obtained using the method of droplet vitrification as modified at VIR. The majority (76.7 %) of the studied accessions of cultivated potato were characterized by high rates of postcryogenic recovery (40–95 %) and 23.3 % of the samples had the values of postcryogenic regeneration from 20 to 39 %, which corresponds to the minimal permissible values for long-term storage in a cryobank. Currently the modified droplet-vitrification method is used for further expanding of the VIR potato cryocollection.
Immunogenicity of recombinant fragment of orthopoxvirus p35 protein in mice
Authors: Khlusevich Ya. A. , Matveev A. L. , Goncharova E. P. , Baykov I. K. , Tikunova N. V. 
Published: July 2019

Despite the elimination of smallpox, orthopoxviruses continue to be a source of biological danger for humans, as cowpox and monkey pox viruses circulate in nature and the last virus can cause both sporadic cases of human diseases and outbreaks of smallpox-like infection. In addition, periodic vaccination is necessary for representatives of some professions (scientists studying pathogenic orthopoxviruses, medical personnel, etc.). Vaccination against smallpox virus with live vaccinia virus, which was widely used during the elimination of smallpox, induces the formation of long-term immunity in vaccinated people. However, providing a high level of protection, the vaccination is often accompanied by serious post-vaccination complications, the probability of which is particularly great for individuals with compromised immunity. In this regard, the development of preparations for the prevention and treatment of infections caused by orthopoxviruses remains important today. The aim of this study was to assess the immunogenicity in the mouse model of recombinant protein р35Δ12, designed previously on the base of the cowpox virus protein p35. It was previously shown that the protein р35Δ12 was recognized by fully human neutralizing anti-orthopoxviral antibody with high affinity. In this work, recombinant protein р35Δ12 produced in E. coli cells XL1-blue and purified by chromatography was used for two-time immunization of mice. Two weeks after the second immunization, blood samples were taken from mice and serum antibodies were analyzed. It was shown by ELISA and Western-blot analysis that immunized mice sera contained IgG antibodies specific to recombinant protein р35Δ12. Confocal microscopy showed that antibodies induced by the р35Δ12 protein were able to recognize Vero E6 cells infected with the LIVP-GFP vaccinia virus. In addition, the antibodies in the serum of immunized mice were able to neutralize the infectivity of the vaccinia virus LIVP-GFP in the plaque reduction neutralization test in vitro. These experiments have demonstrated promising properties of the р35Δ12 protein if it were used as a component of vaccine for prophylaxis of orthopoxvirus infections.
Factors to affect inbred beet plants while developing material for linear selection
Authors: Fedorova M. I. , Kozar E. G. , Vetrova S. A. , Zayachkovskyi V. A. , Stepanov V. A. 
Published: July 2019

Considering its capacities, the generative system of Beta vulgaris L. is regarded as highly productive. While inbreeding, the reproductive potential of cross-pollinated beet plants with gametophytic self-incompatibility (SI) changes significantly and is determined by a joint effect of multiple factors including the level of inbred depression. In the present study, original data have been obtained revealing relationships between inbred beet seed productivity, its self-incompatibility and microgametophyte parameters, which is crucial for developing and maintaining constant fertile beet lines. It has been discovered that inbred depression increases the number of sterile microgametes and anomalous pollen grains, reduces pollen fertility and the length of pollen tubes. As a result, the seed yield in inbred beet progeny, including SI ones, reduces significantly just after the third inbreeding. At the same time, highly productive inbred beet is characterized by a lower rate of pollen tube growth in vitro. In inbred plants, there is no close relationship between pollen viability and seed productivity, because the elimination of germinated male gametes and degeneration of seed embryos may go over the entire period of fertilization starting its progamic phase. The SI plants have more degenerating embryos than self-fertile ones, but seed vessel outgrowth in the seeds with abortive embryos makes them morphologically similar to fertile seeds. For that reason, when assessing inbred beet plants based on their self-incompatibility/self-fertility, one should consider the qualitative characteristics of the seeds. Using the method of recurrent selection based on such factors as seed productivity, pollen tube length and field germination rate increase the output of plant forms with a potentially high self-compatibility in their progeny. To support such genotypes in the progeny, one has to, starting from the third inbreeding, perform sib crossing to reduce the negative effect of inbred depression and self-incompatibility.
Effect of neonatal dexamethasone treatment on cognitive abilities of adult male mice and gene expression in the hypothalamus
Authors: Bondar N. P. , Reshetnikov V. V. , Burdeeva K. V. , Merkulova T. I. 
Published: July 2019

The early postnatal period is critical for the development of the nervous system. Stress during this period causes negative long-term effects, which are manifested at both behavioral and molecular levels. To simulate the elevated glucocorticoid levels characteristic of early-life stress, in our study we used the administration of dexamethasone, an agonist of glucocorticoid receptors, at decreasing doses at the first three days of life (0.5, 0.3, 0.1 mg/kg, s.c.). In adult male mice with neonatal dexamethasone treatment, an increase in the relative weight of the adrenal glands and a decrease in body weight were observed, while the basal level of corticosterone remained unchanged. Dexamethasone treatment in early life had a negative impact on the learning and spatial memory of adult mice in the Morris water maze. We analyzed the effect of elevated glucocorticoid levels in early life on the expression of the Crh, Avp, Gr, and Mr genes involved in the regulation of the HPA axis in the hypothalami of adult mice. The expression level of the mineralocorticoid receptor gene (Mr) was significantly downregulated, and the glucocorticoid receptor gene (Gr) showed a tendency towards decreased expression (p = 0.058) in male mice neonatally treated with dexamethasone, as compared with saline administration. The expression level of the Crh gene encoding corticotropin-releasing hormone was unchanged, while the expression of the vasopressin gene (Avp) was increased in response to neonatal administration of dexamethasone. The obtained results demonstrate a disruption of negative feedback regulation of the HPA axis, which involves glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid receptors, at the level of the hypothalamus. Malfunction of the HPA axis as a result of activation of the glucocorticoid system in early life may cause the development of cognitive impairment in the adult mice.
Distinguishing Subgroups in Opposition to Infant Immunization: Results From the Listening to Mothers III Survey
Authors: Cheng Erika R. , Ranchoff Brittany , Declercq Eugene R. 
Published: July 2019

ObjectiveTo investigate factors associated with parental intention of refusing or altering their child's vaccination schedule.MethodsData were from the 2011–2012 Listening to Mothers III survey (N = 1,053). Weighted bivariate and multivariate analyses examined factors related to refusing or altering vaccination.Results3.2% of mothers planned to refuse vaccination and 12.3% preferred to alter the recommended schedule. Preference to refuse was associated with maternal age <25 years (AOR 4.33; 95% CI: 1.18, 15.9), prior refusal of maternity care (AOR 6.04; 95% CI: 1.88, 19.4), and living outside of the Northeast. Schedule modification was only associated with prior refusal of care.ConclusionsMothers preferring not to immunize their children and those wishing to alter the vaccination schedule represent two distinct groups.
PENGARUH EKSPOR DAN IMPOR TERHADAP PRODUK DOMESTIK BRUTO INDONESIA TAHUN 2008-2017
Authors: Febriyanti Dea Fitri 
Published: July 2019

This research is conducted to (1) analyze the effect of export and import simultaneous towards Gross Domestic Product of Indonesia in period 2008-2017; (2) analyze the most dominant factors in influencing Gross Domestic Product of Indonesia in period 2008-2017.
This research was taken place in Indonesia and using secondary data obtained from the website Badan Pusat Statistik, Kementerian Perdagangan Republik Indonesia and Katadata and than that will made and analyze using multiple linear regression. This analysis will be tested through partial test (the t test) and simultaneous test (the f test).
The result of this research shows that in partial export has an effect towards Gross Domestic Product significantly and import has no effect towards Gross Domestic Product significantly. In simultaneous export and import have an effect towards Gross Domestic Product significantly. Exports are the most dominant influence in influencing Gross Domestic Product of Indonesia in period 2008-2017.
Keyword : Export, Import, Gross Domestic Product
Remediation of Chromium Contaminated Soil by Phyto-Bio System (PBS) Application
Authors: Rosariastuti Retno , Maisyarah Selly , Sudadi Sudadi , Hartati Sri , Purwanto Purwanto 
Published: July 2019

Chromium polluted water was increased as the result of the growth of the industries, due to their industrial waste were most likely contain heavy metals, especially textile industrial waste that was discarded to the rivers. This research aimed to study the removal of chromium levels in soil used the symbiosis between plant and bacteria. Soil sample contained with 4.33 mg kg<sup>-1</sup> and the irrigation water sample contained with 1.09 mg l<sup>-1</sup> of total chromium. This research design was factorial with Randomized Complete Block Design as the based design There were 3 factors in this study: 1. inorganic fertilizer (P): P0: without inorganic fertilizer, P1: with inorganic fertilizer; 2. chelator (B):B0: without chelator, B1: with chelator <em>Rhizobium sp I<sub>3</sub></em>, B2: with chelator manure; 3. Plant (T): T0 without plant, T1: with plant. Data were analyzed by statistical analysis using ANOVA continued by T-test or Duncan Multiple Range test and correlation test. The result showed that the remediation process reduced chromium levels in soil with the removal effectivity up to 71.90% on the treatment combination of NPK fertilizer+manure+plant while removal effectivity on plant-only treatment was 55.66%. The chromium levels in <em>Fimbristylis globulosa</em> were in the range from 1.82–3.15 μ g<sup>-1</sup>, it indicated that <em>Fimbristylis globulosa</em> was a feasible plant for bioremediation. <em>Fimbristylis globulosa</em> grew well and has the ability to absorb chromium, especially by combining it with <em>Rhizobium sp I<sub>3</sub></em>and the chromium uptake in roots was higher than shoots.
Epizootiological Monitoring of Natural Focal Infections in the South of the European Part of the Russian Federation in 2017
Authors: Vasilenko N. F. , Maletskaya O. V. , Prislegina D. A. , Manin E. A. , Semenko O. V. , Shaposhnikova L. I. , Volynkina A. S. , Lisitskaya Ya. V. , Taran T. V. , Varfolomeeva N. G. , Gerasimenko E. V. , Kulichenko A. N. 
Published: July 2019

Objective– analysis of epizootiological manifestations of natural focal infections in the territory of the south of the European part of the Russian Federation in 2017.Materials and methods. Statistical documentation data from the Rospotrebnadzor Administrations, Centers of Hygiene and Epidemiology in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, and Plague Control Research Institutes and Stations were used. The information was processed using Microsoft Excel 2010 software.Results and discussion. Epizootiological survey for 19 nosological forms of natural focal infections in the territory of the south of the European part of the Russian Federation was conducted. The total of 70155 samples of field material was tested; markers of 14 pathogens of natural focal infections were identified. The circulation of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus was revealed in 11 constituent entities, tularemia and Lyme borreliosis pathogens – in 8 entities, West Nile virus – in 7. Markers of leptospirosis, Q fever, human granulocytic anaplasmosis and human monocytic ehrlichiosis pathogens were detected in 6 constituent entities, markers of the agent of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome – in 5 entities; markers of intestinal yersiniosis pathogen – in 3 constituent entities of the Russian Federation, pathogens of tick spotted fevers group, tick-borne viral encephalitis and pseudotuberculosis – in 2. The circulation of the virus Sindbis was identified in the Rostov Region.
Zika Fever: Development of Diagnostics, Prevention and Treatment
Authors: Kazachinskaya E. I. , Shan’shin D. V. , Ivanova A. V. 
Published: July 2019

This review is devoted to the analysis of the literature data on the development of tools for diagnostics of Zika fever and detection of etiological agent – Zika virus (ZIKV) belonging to the Flaviviridae family. Preventive vaccines and antiviral drugs are also considered. RT-PCR method is critical for confirmation of Zika fever diagnosis. ZIKV RNA may be detected in blood serum, saliva, amniotic and cerebrospinal fluids, urine, semen, vaginal and cervical secretions. The duration of viremia in case of Zika fever is short; therefore the presence of ZIKV RNA in urine and sperm for up to 26 and 80 days, respectively, extends the time interval for the detection of this pathogen. Detection of IgM antibodies by serological methods is not a good reason to confirm a recent infection, since antibodies of this class, specific to flaviviruses, circulate in the bloodstream for more than 12 weeks. The IgM show high diagnostic value in confirmation of congenital infection only. There is a problem of differential diagnostics of flavivirus infections caused by antigenically related viruses that are dangerous for humans, for instance, Dengue, Yellow fever, West Nile fever viruses, tick-borne and Japanese encephalitis viruses. It is associated with the similarity of their genomes and, consequently, similar antigenic structure of viral proteins, structural glycoprotein E in particular. More reliable results can be obtained by using the nonstructural glycoprotein NS1, produced by molecular biology methods, as an antigen for the detection of specific antibodies. This viral protein can also be used in serological tests, as a clinical indicator in case of acute Zika fever. Forty five types of candidate vaccines against ZIKV, such as inactivated, live attenuated, recombinant, peptide, recombinant DNA and RNA-based, virus-vector and virus-like particle ones were designed and studied. It was established that their protective efficacy is mediated by induced antibodies, specific to structural glycoprotein E which initiates receptor binding and fusion with the membranes of infected cells. Currently, there is no licensed preparation for treating patients with flaviviral infections. Various drugs are screened, both with known antiviral effect and approved for use in clinical practice, and new compounds that inhibit the penetration of viral particles into host cells (structural glycoprotein E being the target) and virus replication (targets are NS5, NS2B nonstructural proteins).