bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
POLA DAN STRATEGI PENGASUHAN ANAK OLEH PEKERJA MIGRAN MIGRAN DI KOTA BANDUNG
Authors: Riasih Teta 
Published: September 2018

Persoalan perawatan, pemeliharaan, dan pengasuhan anak pada keluarga migran perempuan menjadi sangat krusial, karena dengan bekerjanya ibu, maka di dalam tanggung jawabnya terhadap keluarga ada waktu yang seharusnya mengasuh dan membimbing anak terpaksa tidak dapat melaksanakannya. Tidak dapat dipungkiri bahwa pada ibu yang bekerja dengan sendirinya menciptakan keadaan ekonomi keluarga yang lebih baik. Namun perubahan peran perempuan sebagai ibu dan pencari nafkah juga mengkibatkan pengaruh tertentu dalam pengasuhan terhadap anak. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengkaji pengasuhan anak pada keluarga pekerja migran di kota Bandung. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif kepada dua orang pekerja migran perempuan yang bermukim di Kelurahan Cipamokolan Kecamatan Rancasari Bandung.Teknik Pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah wawancara, observasi dan studi dokumentasi.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Persoalan perawatan, pemeliharaan, dan pengasuhan anak pada keluarga migran perempuan di kelurahan Cipamokolan menjadi sangat krusial, karena dengan bekerjanya ibu selama 8 sampai 12 jam sehari, maka di dalam tanggung jawabnya terhadap keluarga ada waktu yang seharusnya mengasuh dan membimbing anak terpaksa tidak dapat melaksanakannya. Tidak dapat dipungkiri bahwa pada ibu yang bekerja dengan sendirinya menciptakan keadaan ekonomi keluarga yang lebih baik. Namun perubahan peran perempuan sebagai ibu dan pencari nafkah juga mengkibatkan pengaruh tertentu dalam pengasuhan terhadap anak. Keterbatasan kemampuan para buruh menyebabkan mereka mengalami keterbatasan dalam pengasuhan anak, dengan perawatan dan pengasuhan seadanya sementara di kota tempat bekerja tidak ada sanak saudara dan kerabat yang dapat membantu dalam mengasuh anak menjadi persoalan tersendiri. Kondisi tersebut apabila tidak ditangani secara serius pada gilirannya akan mengancam pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak baik secara fisik, intelektual maupun sosialnya. Kata kunci: Anak, Pengasuhan anak, Pekerja migran .
Reliability of manual muscle testing: A systematic review
Authors: Bohannon Richard W. 
Published: September 2018

BACKGROUND: The legitimacy of manual muscle testing (MMT) is dependent in part on the reliability of assessments obtained using the procedure. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this review, therefore, was to consolidate findings regarding the test-retest and inter-rater reliability of MMT from studies meeting inclusion and exclusion criteria. METHODS: An electronic search of PubMed, Scopus, and CINAHL databases and a hand search were conducted to identify articles addressing the test-retest or inter-rater reliability of MMT. Data on participants, testing specifics, and findings regarding reliability were extracted. RESULTS: Of 189 unique articles identified, 9 were found to meet inclusion/exclusion criteria. The studies were highly variable in regard to the population tested, MMT procedure and scoring, and findings. Nevertheless, based on pairwise comparisons, substantial or almost perfect test-retest and inter-rater agreement was demonstrated for most muscle actions tested. CONCLUSIONS: Reliable assessments of strength may be obtained by MMT but not assumed. Further research is required to address the reliability of MMT across pathologies, muscle groups, and test procedures.
Verifying constant-time implementations by abstract interpretation
Authors: Blazy Sandrine , Pichardie David , Trieu Alix 
Published: September 2018

Constant-time programming is an established discipline to secure programs against timing attackers. Several real-world secure C libraries such as NaCl, mbedTLS, or Open Quantum Safe, follow this discipline. We propose an advanced static analysis, based on state-of-the-art techniques from abstract interpretation, to report time leakage during programming. To that purpose, we analyze source C programs and use full context-sensitive and arithmetic-aware alias analyses to track the tainted flows. We give semantic evidence of the correctness of our approach on a core language. We also present a prototype implementation for C programs that is based on the CompCert compiler toolchain and its companion Verasco static analyzer. We present verification results on various real-world constant-time programs and report on a successful verification of a challenging SHA-256 implementation that was out of scope of previous tool-assisted approaches.
Milk and Parkinson disease: Could galactose be the missing link
Authors: Sarni Anna Rita , Baroni Luciana 
Published: September 2018

Epidemiological evidence has linked the consumption of milk and dairy products to an increased risk of developing Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, the potential pathogenetic mechanisms remain to date yet to be ascertained. Galactose (D-Gal) is a hexose sugar which, when given orally and by other routes of administration, is picked up by the brain after a few hours. For doses above 100 mg/kg, it appears that galactose can cause biochemical and neuropathological alterations in neurons and astrocytes, similar to those observed in PD. These quantities can be reached and surpassed with the simple daily consumption of two glasses of milk, the main dietary source of D-Gal in humans. It is likely that, relative to other neurons, dopaminergic neurons are more vulnerable to D-Gal induced damage, because of their greater vulnerability to oxidative stress. Mitochondrial dysfunction plays a critical role in both PD and D-Gal toxicity, and mutations of the genes commonly involved in PD and in mitochondrial homeostasis could enhance this mechanism. If this hypothesis were to be confirmed, dietary interventions, such as reducing the sources of galactose in the diet, and/or increasing the intake of protective molecules, could help reduce the occurrence of this disease in the aging population.
Rational pharmaceutical management of medical oxygen in community-acquired pneumonia
Authors: Sekh M. Ya. 
Published: September 2018

Medical oxygen has been currently considered as a medication according to the Ukrainian and worldwide data. The WHO has included it into the list of the main medical agents. Moreover, medical oxygen has a broad application spectrum and here it may be the only remedy that cannot be replaced by the analogous one. The most common symptoms of respiratory problems are oxygenation disorder and hypoxemia which require the application of medical oxygen. This factor determined the target group of our research, namely, the patients with community-acquired pneumonia of moderate and severe course.
The aim of the research was to study the state and expense of oxygen provision for patients with community-acquired pneumonia who were admitted to the internal unit of one of the health care institutions in Lviv. Medical documentation was the object of the research. It included: reporting/control documentation and medical prescriptions of patients diagnosed with community-acquired pneumonia. The study involved the application of systemic analysis, as well as analytical and comparative, information and search, clinical and economic, bibliographic of research methods.
The paper describes the importance of oxygen therapy for hypoxia treatment in certain pathological conditions, in particular community-acquired pneumonia. We performed an analysis of the state and expense of oxygen provision in the Lviv Regional Clinical Hospital as well as the patients with community-acquired pneumonia. The study was carried out in two periods (2006 and 2017). It has been established that the total expenses associated with oxygen were increased by 10 times in the hryvnia and by 2 times in dollar equivalents for 11 years. In addition, from the cost of all medicines purchased by the hospital during 2017, 8% was spent on medical oxygen. In the course of our study, the need for oxygen for a single therapeutic patient with non-hospital pneumonia is about 25 m3. The total cost of providing them with this category of patients has also grown almost 10 times in hryvnia and 2 times in dollar equivalents – from 41.56 UAH (8.23 $)/patient) to 477.72 UAH (17.63 $)/patient in 2006 and 2017, respectively. This certainly leads to a significant increase in the costly pharmacotherapy of patients with community-acquired pneumonia. Вeside this, the analysis has revealed a list of problems associated with outdated material and technical equipment, weariness of equipment, danger of explosion, and continuously growing expense of medical oxygen which forces the search for new and safer patient provision methods. Medical oxygen becomes a financial burden in clinical practice particularly under conditions of restricted financing in the branch of health care. Herein, it remains the main and compulsory component of pathogenic therapy in community-acquired pneumonia. The abovementioned problematic aspects require the urgent solution that, in our opinion, can be reached with the application of rational pharmaceutical management.
Influence of diclofenac sodium on antibiofilm activity of azithromycin
Authors: Hrynchuk N. I. , Vrynchanu N.O. , Stepura L. G. 
Published: September 2018

Nowadays bacterial biofilms are the major problem in the medical practice, that can lead to chronic infections and decline of antimicrobial therapy efficacy. Therefore, combined use of drugs of various pharmacotherapeutic groups may offer significant benefits in the research of new ways of treatment infections associated with biofilms. The data of the literature shows that non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs have antimicrobial activity and they can be improved antimicrobial action of antibiotics.
The aim of the study was to establish specific antibiofilm activity of azithromycin in the combined treatment with diclofenac sodium.
Strain S. epidermidis 2265 susceptibility to azithromycin was evaluated by microdilution method and assessed by minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). Action of azithromycin and diclofenac sodium on biofilm formation and preformed biofilms of S. epidermidis was determined by the crystal violet assay.
Our results of study have shown that azithromycin and diclofenac sodium reduced of biofilm formation to abiotic surface. Dose-depending low antibiofilm effect was found under treatment preformed S. epidermidis biofilms with macrolide antibiotic. Diclofenac sodium possessed antibiofilm activity against the preformed 1-day staphylococcal biofilms (reducing biomass 68.5%). Also diclofenac sodium stimulated biofilms formation and increased biomass accumulation of preformed 12-hour and 2-day staphylococcal biofilms to 12.4%. The data obtained of experiments have shown that combined treatment with both azithromycin and diclofenac sodium lead to reduce activity of macrolide against biofilm formation (to 69.5%) and S. epidermidis mature biofilms (2-day) at therapeutic concentrations (increasing biomass accumulation on 10.4% in comparison with controls). Antibiofilm activity of macrolide antibiotic become higher only against preformed 1-day biofilms.
The data obtained suggest the possibility of using of azithromycin with diclofenac sodium for treatment of acute purulent-inflammatory processes. Because of diclofenac sodium exhibited antibiofilm activity and increased the antibiotic specific activity, that lead to prevention of development of chronic infections. The issue of combined treatment of azithromycin with diclofenac sodium of chronic infections remains open and requires in-depth research.
Strategi Komunikasi Pariwisata Provinsi Maluku Utara pada Event Widi International Fishing Tournamen (WIFT) 2017
Authors: Yuniani Hani 
Published: September 2018

Abstract

Promotion of tourism that simultaneously surge in various regions in Indonesia is currently experiencing quite encouraging developments. Indonesia's tourism potential, which is largely a marine potential, encourages local governments to manage it so that it can become an icon of the region in the world arena.
Sports tourism activities are now a strategy of local governments to build their region. Like the international cycling race in Ambon that encourages the acceleration of the construction of roads that become the means of competition, as well as build a connecting road to the remote areas. Today International fishing events are also the trigger of development to remote areas. This is done by North Maluku Provincial Government through the international fishing contest, Widi International Fishing Tournament 2017 (WIFT) 2017. The event held in Widi Islands, South Halmahera Regency took place on 25-29 October 2017, is expected to become a prestigious international competition for trophies president of RI.
The research method used descriptive qualitative method by evaluating marketing mix principles (marketing mix). The results revealed that the preparation (planning) is the key to success of an area in organizing a sport tourism event. In communication studies, tourism promotion can be seen as practice / implementation of local government strategy in forming image / image of an organization (government).
The results revealed that promotional activities and publications at the level of government conducted by Disparpor Halsel Regency has not run optimally. However, thanks to the collaboration with all stakeholders, this event can take place orderly and smoothly. This inaugural event can be quite successful. However, with all the limitations that exist, this event has proved that marine tourism Indonesia has ogled international tourists .. this is the image / image that has been successfully built properly.
Keyword: Communication tourism, Marketing Mix, WIFT 2017.
Evaluación de objetos de aprendizaje de realidad aumentada por estudiantes universitarios
Authors: Fernández Robles Bárbara 
Published: September 2018

El estudio que presentamos perseguía conocer la valoración que realizaban estudiantes universitarios sobre objetos de realidad aumentada que habían utilizado en su aprendizaje. Para tal fin, se llevó a cabo un estudio experimental con 274 estudiantes del Grado de Educación Primaria de la Universidad de Sevilla, los cuales emplearon dos recursos de realidad aumentada en el aprendizaje de una asignatura denominada “Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación Aplicadas a la Educación”. Para conocer las valoraciones de los alumnos, se diseñó un instrumento “ad hoc” con construcción tipo Likert, el cual recogía información de los aspectos técnicos y estéticos, de la facilidad de uso del sistema, y de la guía/ tutorial del programa. Las valoraciones positivas realizadas por los alumnos nos permiten afirmar que es una tecnología con grandes posibilidades en educación, pero sin lugar a duda, su eficacia y aceptación depende en gran medida del diseño del material didáctico de realidad aumentada (RA) y de su correcta integración en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje.
Angular Independence of Break Position for Magnetic Power Spectral Density in Solar Wind Turbulence
Authors: Duan Die , He Jiansen , Pei Zhongtian , Huang Shiyong , Wu Honghong , Verscharen Daniel , Wang Linghua 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
The break in power spectral density (PSD) around the ion scales indicates the onset of dissipation and/or dispersion of kinetic turbulence. For Alfvén waves in the kinetic regime, the dissipation and dispersion are individually dependent on the propagation angle, θ
kB, which has θ
RB (the angle between radial direction and local mean magnetic field direction) as a proxy in solar wind measurements. The relation between θ
RB and the break position helps us find the role of dissipation and/or dispersion for deforming the PSD profile. In order to locate the spectral break position automatically and quantitatively, we develop a dual-power-law fitting method to fit the PSD profiles in both MHD and kinetic ranges simultaneously. The break position f
b is found to change little with θ
RB, suggesting an angular independence of the spectral break. Furthermore, f
b in our statistical study of fast solar wind near 1 au is consistent with a wavenumber k satisfying k(ρ
p + d
p) ∼ 1 (ρ
p is the thermal proton gyroradius and d
p is the proton inertial length), independently of θ
RB. To interpret this independence, we incorporate the effects of both dissipation and dispersion in a unified description, which is the breakdown of the magnetic frozen-in condition in wavenumber space (k
∥, k
⊥). The breakdown of the frozen-in condition is relatively isotropic compared to the strong anisotropy of dispersion and dissipation. Furthermore, the spatial scale for the onset of the breakdown frozen-in condition is estimated to be the sum of ρ
p and d
p.
Investigating the Structure of Vela X
Authors: Slane P. , Lovchinsky I. , Kolb C. , Snowden S. L. , Temim T. , Blondin J. , Bocchino F. , Miceli M. , Chevalier R. A. , Hughes J. P. , Patnaude D. J. , Gaetz T. 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Vela X is a prototypical example of a pulsar wind nebula whose morphology and detailed structure have been affected by interaction with the reverse shock of its host supernova remnant. The resulting complex of filamentary structure and mixed-in ejecta embedded in a nebula that is offset from the pulsar provides the best example we have of this middle-age state that characterizes a significant fraction of composite supernova remnants (SNRs), and perhaps all of the large-diameter pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe) seen as TeV sources. Here, we report on an XMM-Newton (hereafter XMM) Large Project study of Vela X, supplemented by additional Chandra observations. Through broad spectral modeling, as well as detailed spectral investigations of discrete emission regions, we confirm previous studies that report evidence for ejecta material within Vela X, and show that equivalent-width variations of O vii and O viii are consistent with temperature maps within the PWN that show low-temperature regions where the projected SNR emission appears to dominate emission from the ejecta. We identify spectral variations in the nonthermal emission, with hard emission being concentrated near the pulsar. We carry out investigations of the Vela X “cocoon” structure, and with hydrodynamical simulations, show that its overall properties are consistent with structures formed in the late-phase evolution of a composite SNR expanding into a surrounding medium with a density gradient, with ejecta material being swept beyond the pulsar and compressed into an elongated structure in the direction opposite the high external density.
Restauration des films : le principe de la documentationet le rôle de la recherche
Authors: Deniozou Iris 
Published: September 2018

En repartant des débats toujours vifs concernant les notions d'original et de recréation d'une œuvre dans le processus de sa « restauration » – tels que Cesare Brandi les a posés et qui sont discutés de nos jours parmi les archivistes de films –, cet article veut mettre en lumière l'importance de la documentation (interne et externe à l'œuvre) et donc de la dimension de recherche scientifique à laquelle sont désormais voués les restaurations de films, de la nécessité d'établir une charte de restauration et de définir des protocoles précis définissant une déontologie. Le contexte de mutations technologiques que connaît le cinéma décuple, en effet, les dangers d'altération que comportent l'idéologie de « l'amélioration » et la recherche d'une « perfection ». Il appelle enfin à une collaboration accrue entre archivistes, chercheurs universitaires théoriciens qui loin de se situer dans deux mondes différents appartiennent au même, l'histoire du cinéma.
Comparison of the histology of the skin of the Windsnyer, Kolbroek and Large White pigs
Authors: Moyo Davison , Gomes Monica , Erlwanger Kennedy H. 
Published: September 2018

The skin is a protective barrier, and an endocrine, sensory and thermoregulatory organ. We investigated whether the skin of local pigs had beneficial anatomical traits compared to exotic pigs to withstand the increased heat loads predicted under future climate change scenarios. Full-thickness skin specimens were obtained from the dorsal interscapular, lateral thoraco-abdominal and ventral abdominal regions of intact boars (age 6–8 months) of two local breeds of pigs (Windsnyer [n = 5] and Kolbroek [n = 4]) and an exotic pig breed (Large White [n = 7]). The skin sections were stained with a one-step Mallory–Heidenhain stain and Fontana stain (melanin). Sweat gland perimeter was measured using Image J software. The Windsnyer breed had the thinnest dermis layer while the Large White had the thickest dermis layer across all the three body regions (analysis of variance [ANOVA]; p 0.001). The Windsnyers had widely spaced dermal pegs compared to the other breeds. The Windsnyers had significantly more superficial and larger (~1 mm depth; 4.4 mm perimeter) sweat glands than the Kolbroek (~3 mm depth; 2.2 mm perimeter) and Large White (~4 mm depth; 2.0 mm perimeter) pigs (ANOVA; p 0.001). The Windsnyers had visibly more melanin in the basal layer, the Kolbroek pigs had very little and the Large Whites had none. The functionality of the sweat glands of the Windsnyer breed needs to be established. The skin from the Windsnyer breed possesses traits that may confer a protective advantage for the increased solar radiation and ambient temperatures predicted with climate change.
A review of trade practices of smokeless tobacco products in terms of prohibition on sale, manufacturing & importation in Framework Convention on Tobacco Control ratified Parties
Authors: Saraf Deepika Singh , Mehrotra Ravi , Chandan Kumar , Sinha Dhirendra N. , Yadav Amit 
Published: September 2018

Background & objectives:
Over the past decade, the World Health Organization (WHO) Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) has served as a powerful tool to initiate and advance global tobacco control efforts. However, the control strategies have mainly targeted demand-side measures. The goal of a tobacco-free world by 2040 cannot be achieved if the supply-side measures are not addressed. This analysis was undertaken to examine the tobacco control legislations of various Parties ratifying WHO FCTC with an objective to ascertain the status of prohibition of importation, sale and manufacturing of smokeless tobacco products.

Methods:
All 180 Parties to WHO FCTC were included for the study. A comprehensive database of all the parties to FCTC was created and tobacco control legislations and regulations of all parties were studied in detail.

Results:
Overall, the sale of smokeless tobacco (SLT) products was prohibited in 45 Parties. Eleven Parties prohibited manufacturing of SLT products and six Parties imposed a ban on importation of SLT products. Australia, Bhutan, Singapore and Sri Lanka banned all three.

Interpretation & conclusions:
Comprehensive tobacco control strategy with effective tobacco cessation programme should complement strong legal actions such as prohibition on trade in SLT products to meet the public health objective of such laws and regulations. In addition, multisectoral efforts are needed for effective implementation of such restrictions imposed by the governments.