bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Developmental synaptic changes at the transient olivocochlear-inner hair cell synapse
Authors: Kearney Graciela , de San Martín Javier Zorrilla , Vattino Lucas G. , Elgoyhen Ana Belén , Wedemeyer Carolina , Katz Eleonora 
Published: October 2018

AbstractIn the mature mammalian cochlea, inner hair cells (IHCs) are mainly innervated by afferent fibers that convey sound information to the central nervous system. During postnatal development, however, medial olivocochlear (MOC) efferent fibers transiently innervate the IHCs. The MOC-IHC synapse, functional from postnatal day (P)0 to hearing onset (P12), undergoes dramatic changes in the sensitivity to acetylcholine (ACh) and in the expression of key postsynaptic proteins. To evaluate whether there are associated changes in the properties of ACh release during this period, we used a cochlear preparation from mice at P4, P6-7 and P9-11 and monitored transmitter release from MOC terminals in voltage-clamped IHCs in the whole-cell configuration. The quantum content increased 5.6x from P4 to P9-11 due to increases in the size and replenishment rate of the readily releasable pool (RRP) of synaptic vesicles, without changes in their probability of release (Pvesicle) or quantum size. This strengthening in transmission was accompanied by changes in the short-term plasticity (STP) properties, which switched from facilitation at P4 to depression at P9-11. We have previously shown that at P9-11, ACh release is supported by P/Q and N-type voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs) and negatively regulated by BK potassium channels activated by Ca2+influx through L-type VGCCs. We now show that at P4 and P6-7, release is mediated by P/Q-, R- and L-type VGCCs. Interestingly, L-type VGCCs have a dual role: they both support release and fuel BK channels, suggesting that at immature stages the presynaptic proteins involved in release are less compartmentalized.Significance statementDuring postnatal development prior to the onset of hearing, cochlear IHCs present spontaneous Ca2+action potentials which release glutamate at the first auditory synapse in the absence of sound stimulation. The IHC Ca2+action potential frequency pattern, which is crucial for the correct establishment and function of the auditory system, is regulated by the efferent MOC system that transiently innervates IHCs during this period. We show short-term synaptic plasticity properties of the MOC-IHC synapse that tightly shape this critical developmental period.
Numerical investigation of membrane oxygenation using sub-channel analysis
Authors: Subraveti Sai Nikhil , Vinod Kumar V. , Pothukuchi Harish , Sai P.S.T. , Patnaik B.S.V. 
Published: October 2018

Purpose
Better membrane oxygenators need to be developed to enable efficient gas exchange between venous blood and air.

Design/methodology/approach
Optimal design and analysis of such devices are achieved through mathematical modeling tools such as computational fluid dynamics (CFD). In this study, a control volume-based one-dimensional (1D) sub-channel analysis code is developed to analyze the gas exchange between the hollow fiber bundle and the venous blood. DIANA computer code, which is popular with the thermal hydraulic analysis of sub-channels in nuclear reactors, was suitably modified to solve the conservation equations for the blood oxygenators. The gas exchange between the tube-side fluid and the shell-side venous blood is modeled by solving mass, momentum and species conservation equations.

Findings
Simulations using sub-channel analysis are performed for the first time. As the DIANA-based approach is well known in rod bundle heat transfer, it is applied to membrane oxygenators. After detailed validations, the artificial membrane oxygenator is analyzed for different bundle sizes (L/W) and bundle porosity (epsilon) values, and oxygen saturation levels are predicted along the bundle. The present sub-channel analysis is found to be reasonably accurate and computationally efficient when compared to conventional CFD calculations.

Research limitations/implications
This approach is promising and has far-reaching ramifications to connect and extend a well-known rod bundle heat transfer algorithm to a membrane oxygenator community. As a variety of devices need to be analyzed, simplified approaches will be attractive. Although the 1D nature of the simulations facilitates handling complexity, it cannot easily compete with expensive and detailed CFD calculations.

Practical implications
This work has high practical value and impacts the design community directly. Detailed numerical simulations can be validated and benchmarked for future membrane oxygenator designs.

Social implications
Future membrane oxygenators can be designed and analyzed easily and efficiently.

Originality/value
The DIANA algorithm is popularly used in sub-channel analysis codes in rod bundle heat transfer. This efficient approach is being implemented into membrane oxygenator community for the first time.
A new load forecasting model considering planned load shedding effect
Authors: Alkaldy Esam A. Hashim , Albaqir Maythem A. , Akhavan Hejazi Maryam Sadat 
Published: October 2018

Purpose
Load forecasting is important to any electrical grid, but for the developing and third-world countries with power shortages, load forecasting is essential. When planed load shedding programs are implemented to face power shortage, a noticeable distortion to the load curves will happen, and this will make the load forecasting more difficult.

Design/methodology/approach
In this paper, a new load forecasting model is developed that can detect the effect of planned load shedding on the power consumption and estimate the load curve behavior without the shedding and with different shedding programs. A neuro-Fuzzy technique is used for the model, which is trained and tested with real data taken from one of the 11 KV feeders in Najaf city in Iraq to forecast the load for two days ahead for the four seasons. Load, temperature, time of the day and load shedding schedule for one month before are the input parameters for the training, and the load forecasting data for two days are estimated by the model.

Findings
To verify the model, the load is forecasted without shedding by the proposed model and compared to real data without shedding and the difference is acceptable.

Originality/value
The proposed model provides acceptable forecasting with the load shedding effect available and better than other models. The proposed model provides expected behavior of load with different shedding programs an issue helps to select the appropriate shedding program. The proposed model is useful to estimate the real demands by assuming load shedding hours to be zero and forecast the load. This is important in places suffer from grid problems and cannot supply full loads to calculate the peak demands as the case in Iraq.
Going in circles: new business models for efficiency and value
Authors: Lopes de Sousa Jabbour Ana Beatriz 
Published: October 2018

Purpose
This paper aims to explain what managers will want to know about the circular economy by covering some of the key issues and discussing an approach which may help organisations to move towards the circular economy.

Design/methodology/approach
This is a conceptual paper, which blends theory and hard facts to achieve its aims.

Findings
This paper presents a framework which uses multiple levels of analysis to explain how organisations can prepare for and implement circular economy practices.

Originality/value
This paper makes relevant contributions for both academics and practitioners by providing essential practical guidance on the “what”, “how” and “why” of the circular economy, which can help managers to plan and implement a convincing business case for this sustainable approach.
Time required to move cash through slot machines
Authors: Kelly Karen , Schwarz Carl James , Gomez Ricardo , Marsh Kim 
Published: October 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to present an empirical study on the time needed to load and disburse cash using bill validators on slot machines and stand-alone cash dispensers in casinos in British Columbia under a Ticket In Ticket Out (TITO) system.

Design/methodology/approach
Testing took place over two days, using 18 machines. The results were extrapolated to estimate the approximate time required to process $1,000,000 with different average bill amounts in the cash mix and three different bill validator machines in common use. The average value per bill using the cash mix used by the public in the casino was $33.11 [standard error (SE) $2.11].

Findings
The mean time/accepted note ranged from 4.12 to 9.65 s, depending on bill validator type. This implies that the time needed to load $1,000,000 onto credit slips using bill validators on slot machines ranges from 35 to 81 h, excluding rest breaks and other breaks. The time needed to redeem $1,000,000 is estimated to be 3 h.

Practical/implications
The implications of these finding for illicit actors to successfully launder large amounts of cash are discussed. Given the time needed to physically handle the cash, and other control systems currently in use in casinos in British Columbia, processing large amounts of cash using bill validators on slot machines would require a highly organized team that would find it difficult to elude detection.

Originality/value
The trial results provide a baseline estimate to be used going forward when investigating or proposing money laundering methodologies that include slot machines.
Doing good with food
Authors: Ionita Ioana Daniela 
Published: October 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore food access issues as tackled by an association that runs a week-end soup kitchen in a social welfare center in Bucharest, Romania. The research focuses on how the volunteers involved in this food charity activity perceive the beneficiaries of their generous act and their current life circumstances, as well as the extent to which a sense of responsibility informs the charitable cookers’ perspective on the donated food recipients.

Design/methodology/approach
The findings presented in this paper are based on volunteering work done within the association, more precisely on participant observation focusing on the purchase and cooking of ingredients. It also relies on extensive semi-structured interviews with one founding member, and with two other volunteers who regularly participate in the charitable cooking sessions.

Findings
Due to the specific way cooking and food distribution take place within the week-end soup kitchen, contact with beneficiaries is very limited and the volunteering activity is unlikely to fuel reflections on and actions against the underlying causes of inadequate food access.

Originality/value
There is a growing interest in studying food poverty in Romania, where private, non-denominational organizations focusing on food access are struggling to build a stable and equitable food (re)distribution system. This paper offers new insights into food aid organizational features that support and help advance both wider participation and long-term sustainability.
Examining the ParticipACTION brand using the brand equity pyramid
Authors: Lithopoulos Alexander , Dacin Peter A. , Berry Tanya R. , Faulkner Guy , O’Reilly Norm , Rhodes Ryan E. , Spence John C. , Tremblay Mark S. , Vanderloo Leigh M. , Latimer-Cheung Amy E. 
Published: October 2018

Purpose
The brand equity pyramid is a theory that explains how people develop loyalty and an attachment to a brand. The purpose of this study is to test whether the predictions made by the theory hold when applied to the brand of ParticipACTION, a Canadian non-profit organization that promotes active living. A secondary objective was to test whether this theory predicted intentions to be more physically active.

Design/methodology/approach
A research agency conducted a cross-sectional, online brand health survey on behalf of ParticipACTION. Exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis established the factor structure. Structural equation modeling was used to test the hypothesized model.

Findings
A nationally representative sample of Canadian adults (N = 1,191) completed the survey. Exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis supported a hypothesized five-factor brand equity framework (i.e. brand identity, brand meaning, brand responses, brand resonance and intentions). A series of structural equation models also provided support for the hypothesized relationships between the variables.

Practical implications
Though preliminary, the results provide a guide for understanding the branding process in the activity-promotion context. The constructs identified as being influential in this process can be targeted by activity-promotion organizations to improve brand strength. A strong organizational brand could augment activity-promotion interventions. A strong brand may also help the organization better compete against other brands promoting messages that are antithetical to their own.

Originality/value
This is the first study to test the brand equity pyramid using an activity-promotion brand. Results demonstrate that the brand equity pyramid may be useful in this context.
Nutritional status of children with sickle cell disease
Authors: Osei Tracy Bonsu , Apprey Charles , Mills-Robertson Felix Charles , Ohemeng Agartha N. 
Published: October 2018

PurposeThis study aims to assess the nutritional status of children with sickle cell diseases using anthropometric measurements, biochemical markers and dietary intakes.Design/methodology/approachThe study was conducted in 100 children of 3-12 years of age with sickle cell diseases (SCDs) at the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital in the Kumasi Metropolis of Ghana. Weight, height and age of participants were used to calculate body mass index-for-age. The mid-upper-arm-circumference-for-age, weight-for-age (percentiles) and height-for-age (percentiles) were compared with standards growth charts for children. Biochemical measures such as serum albumin and ferritin, as well as full blood count, were assessed. Dietary intake was assessed using 24-h dietary recall and food frequency questionnaire.FindingsFrom the study, 73 and 37 per cent of the children with SCD recorded inadequate intake of iron and vitamin E, respectively, when compared to the recommended daily allowance. Out of the 100 participants, 37 per cent were underweight and 22 per cent were stunted. There was significant difference (p< 0.05) in underweight (weight-for-age) prevalence by gender. A multiple variate regression showed a significant association between zinc (r2= 0.763,p< 0.05) and haemoglobin levels.Originality/valueThe evidence in this paper is relevant for treatment, health education and nutritional counselling of parents with children who have SCD.
A systematic test for myopic loss aversion theory
Authors: Costa Raone Botteon 
Published: October 2018

Purpose
Myopic loss aversion, or the combination of loss aversion and frequent portfolio evaluation, has been argued to possibly be one of the factors behind the equity premium puzzle. The purpose of this paper is to offer an alternative systematic test that looks at the relationship between inflation and equity premium to test for this theory.

Design/methodology/approach
Inflation and equity premium tends to be positively associated, both in standard rational-agents theoretical models and in simple empirical measures of correlation. Nonetheless, under the presence of nominal return evaluation, behavioral models such as myopic loss aversion do predict a negative causal relationship between those variables. This study aims to check this negative causal relationship. The identification strategy combines elements of two approaches: fixed effects regression on short-term returns and long-term least squares regression. As both methods have different strengths and weaknesses, and use different sources of data variation to compute their estimators, it is argued that the combination of these approaches provides a better identification strategy than each individual method.

Findings
This paper finds evidence for a negative relationship between inflation and equity premium in both methods, which supports myopic loss aversion theory. The magnitude of the coefficients is also relevant ranging from −0.23 to −0.80. However, it is also shown that these effects explain only a small part of equity premium observed variation, and are more prevalent in non-industrialized countries, which limits the scope of the theory.

Originality/value
The current method for testing myopic loss aversion theory is overly reliant on experimental evidence collected in the lab to estimate behavioral parameters and simulations. The authors complement these by providing an empirical study.
Performance management of National Sports Organisations: a holistic theoretical model
Authors: Kasale Lobone Lloyd , Winand Mathieu , Robinson Leigh 
Published: October 2018

Purpose
Organisational performance of sport organisations has been studied over the last three decades. However, little attention was paid towards performance management (PM) compared to performance measurement. The purpose of this paper is to close this research gap by establishing a holistic perspective for PM of National Sports Organisations (NSOs) that accounts for their uniqueness, the interdependence of their operating systems and their relationship with their environments. Furthermore, this paper presents a holistic model of PM for NSOs.

Design/methodology/approach
The model was developed from a literature review process and uses the macro, meso and micro framework to describe external and internal environmental influences that affect the PM of NSOs.

Findings
The NSO’s ability to respond to the dynamics of their external environment by implementing organisational processes that account for the resources available and their structural designs influences their PM. Furthermore, the ability of the individuals within NSO to create enabling environments for PM influences organisational efficiency and effectiveness.

Research limitations/implications
This paper contributes to sport management literature on the PM of NSOs, and informs sport managers on ways to improve organisational performance by implementing holistic approaches to PM.

Originality/value
This is the first study that takes a holistic approach to PM of NSO and depicts the specific elements that play a crucial role in managing NSO’s multi-dimensional performance.
Networks and the idea-fruition process of female social entrepreneurs in South Africa
Authors: Halberstadt Jantje , Spiegler Anna B. 
Published: October 2018

Purpose
This paper aims to contribute to the lack of research on female social entrepreneurs and their social and contextual embeddedness, promoting women’s social entrepreneurial activity as promising, specifically in the South African context.

Design/methodology/approach
By analyzing the founding process and networks of 11 female social entrepreneurs in South Africa using a mixed-method approach consisting of semi-structured interviews, media analysis and egocentric network analysis, this paper seeks to discover the idea-fruition process of female social entrepreneurs. This approach enables us to analyze contextual factors with a focus on personal networks and their influence on the processes of idea-generation and development.

Findings
The results indicate that social networks are an important part of the personal context which influences the idea-fruition process of female social entrepreneurs. The paper identifies specific actors as well as group outcomes as particular relevant within this context.

Research limitations/implications
While the results enable the generation of a structure based on the authors’ first insights into how social relational networks influence female social entrepreneurship, it remains unclear if these results can be specifically traced to women or social entrepreneurial aspects, which suggests that further attention is needed in future studies.

Practical implications
Practical implications can be derived from the results concerning the support of female social entrepreneurs by, for example, optimizing or using their (social entrepreneurial) environment. Contrary to studies on business idea-generation, the results stress that women can make use of certain network constructions that are often considered to be obstructive.

Originality/value
This study introduces an innovative gender perspective on social entrepreneurship in South Africa and offers new directions for future research on the opportunity recognition process of female social entrepreneurs.
Hospitality trends: opportunities and challenges
Authors: Salazar Ana 
Published: October 2018

Purpose
The main purpose of this paper is to summarize the trends and suggestions for the hospitality sector, identified by a number of authors and publications.

Design/methodology/approach
A content analysis was performed using publications available on reliable websites on the internet as the source for data collection.

Findings
In general, technology will have an enormous emphasis on how the hotel industry is changing. The new generation of millennial travellers and growing competition brought on by the ever-evolving sharing economy has led to the industry upping its game to cater to a rapidly changing customer base that looks for meaningful local experiences and personalized services.

Originality/value
Gathering this information and making recommendations to cope with those trends can lead managers to have a more proactive approach on their strategic and operational decisions, thus enhancing their competitiveness on the hospitality market.
Opportunities and challenges brought by the China outbound travel market
Authors: Huang Rong , Xu Tao 
Published: October 2018

Purpose
As the Chinese outbound travel market has become a paramount target for world tourism with significant growth potential, the purpose of this paper is to discuss the impact that the Chinese outbound travel market has on the European tourism industry.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper reviews both academic and trade literature to provide an overview of the opportunities and challenges that the China outbound travel market might bring to the European tourism industry.

Findings
The paper presents the major topics relating to China outbound tourism research and the current research gaps. Chinese outbound tourists are not a homogenous group of tourists. The paper addresses opportunities and challenges from two key segments of China outbound travel (Chinese international students and Chinese senior tourists).

Practical implications
The paper calls for alternative and innovative research methods and research behaviour in tracking the impact of Chinese outbound tourists. Closer collaboration between academics and industry practitioners might provide a better understanding of this market.

Originality/value
The paper offers recent insights on the Chinese outbound tourism market based on an analysis of relevant literature by both academics and industry practitioners. This allows the relevant stakeholders to adopt proactive strategies to minimise potential negative impacts and maximise opportunities.
What challenges and opportunities will lead to success?
Authors: Costa Jorge , Montenegro Mónica , Gomes João 
Published: October 2018

Purpose
This paper aims to introduce the papers in this issue and explain the pertinence of the strategic question.

Design/methodology/approach
A brief context for the strategic question is provided, as well as the issue alignment and a content analysis of the papers selected.

Findings
From the analysis of the papers selected for this theme issue, it becomes clear that tourism has become one of the major players in international economic, social and technological sectors, while representing one of the main income sources for developed and developing countries.

Originality/value
The papers selected for this issue shed light on an important problem: increasing tourist flows and overtourism at some world top destinations.