bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors influencing enrolled nursing students’ academic performance at a selected private nursing education institution in KwaZulu-Natal
Authors: Dube Makhosazane B. , Mlotshwa Puseletso R. 
Published: July 2018

Background: The success of any educational institution is measured by its academic performance or how well students meet the standards set out. Currently, nursing students’ academic failure is a phenomenon of growing international interest because of its economic impact and its negative effects on the availability of future nurses in different health care systems. Factors identified as influencing the academic performance of students include the socio-economic background of parents or guardians, lecturer–student relationships, academic support services, demographic factors, quality of nurse educators, availability of facilities in the school, the language of instruction and level of entry qualifications of students.Objectives: The purpose of this study was to describe the perceptions of enrolled student nurses on factors influencing their academic performance in a private nursing school in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.Method: Data were collected from 100 respondents using an adapted instrument related to the factors believed to influence students’ academic performance.Results: The results showed that parental involvement in education, good and supportive relationships between nurse educators and students, classroom computer technological gadgets, internet connection and adequate learning facilities were perceived as fostering better academic performance of students. In contrast, poor family background, use of English language for classroom instruction as well as negative peer group influences were leading to poor academic performance.Conclusion: Nursing institutions should, therefore, select students with higher-level entry qualifications, early identify at-risk students, recruit more qualified nurse educators and upgrade their facilities.
Support of students by academics in a nursing foundation programme at a university in the Western Cape
Authors: Daniels Annelize D. , Jooste Karien 
Published: July 2018

Background: Owing to the inadequate schooling system and the under-preparedness of students in South African high schools, Higher Education Institutions are faced with students who do not meet the minimum criteria for acceptance into a mainstream programme and need support from an extended foundation programme.Objectives: The study described the support of students by lecturers in an extended 5-year nursing foundation programme.Method: A qualitative, exploratory and descriptive design was applied. Purposive sampling was conducted, and eight nursing students who completed the foundation year took part in semi-structured individual interviews. Each interview took around 30 min and was digitally recorded. Data were transcribed verbatim and analysed using open coding. Ethical principles and trustworthiness were maintained throughout the study.Results: The findings of this study indicated that experiences varied on a foundation programme. Participants expressed support in a nurturing environment in which the lecturers were open and approachable with a positive attitude. Lecturers could support students by being caring and advising in learning methods around the programme. Lecturers could focus on the method of peer support which should be encouraged beyond the programme so as to provide a sense of camaraderie amongst students.Conclusion: Data revealed that support of lecturers in a foundation programme needs creative methods to make the learning environment nurturing for students. This provides for students from diverse backgrounds the opportunity to prepare for their studies at a university level. Insights gained from this study, which highlight the importance of supporting foundation students, could benefit all nurse educators offering foundation programmes.
Marginalised millennials: Conversation or conversion towards a Christian lifestyle in South Africa?
Authors: Knoetze Johannes J. 
Published: July 2018

The World Council of Churches’ statement prepared by the Commission on World Mission and Evangelism, Together Towards Life: Mission and Evangelism in Changing Landscapes, states that mission from the margins calls for an understanding of the complexities of power dynamics. These power dynamics include global systems and structures, as well as local and contextual realities. One of the local contextual realities of South Africa is ‘a culture of violence’ against the vulnerable. Many millennials in South Africa – which constitute the majority of the current South African population – form part of the marginalised, not only in the global systems and structures but also in the local context. TLL acknowledges that Christian mission, and by implication the Christian church, largely failed to challenge economic, cultural and political systems that have marginalised many in the South African context, including the millennials. However, this article wants to study the millennials in South Africa from a missional church perspective regarding their views on culture, gender and violence and will attend to the following two issues: firstly, the role of culture in marginalisation, and secondly, the question about a proper response by the church, namely conversation or conversion?
A 12-week, whole-food carbohydrate-restricted feasibility study in overweight children
Authors: Zinn Caryn , Schmiedel Ole , McPhee Julia , Harris Nigel , Williden Micalla , Wheldon Mark , Stride Diane , Schofield Grant 
Published: July 2018

Background: Childhood obesity is a global health concern. Conventional nutrition guidelines have come under scrutiny in helping to achieve long-term healthy weight. An alternative carbohydrate-restricted, higher fat approach has shown to be effective in adults, but research is limited in youth. Aim: To assess the feasibility of a 12-week whole-food, carbohydrate-restricted diet on weight loss and metabolic health. Setting: Overweight children aged 8–13 years. Methods: In this single-arm study, 25 overweight children were provided with whole-food, carbohydrate-restricted dietary guidelines. Primary outcomes – dietary acceptability, adherence and affordability – were assessed qualitatively weekly (telephone) and post-intervention (focus groups). Secondary outcomes – Body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, lipids and glycaemic control measures – were assessed at 0 and 12 weeks. Change scores were analysed using the t-statistic and interpreted using the statistical significance threshold, p 0.05. Results: Overall, dietary acceptability was mostly positive, and reports of affordability by parents were mixed. Attrition rates were high (48%); adherence was influenced, positively and negatively, by levels of support from friends and family. Completing children reduced BMI by 2.1 ± 1.5 kg.m2 (p 0.05). Key blood parameter changes included a reduction in triglycerides (−0.17 ± 0.48 mmol/L; p = 0.242) and an increase in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (0.24 ± 0.19 mmol/L; p 0.05). Conclusion: Children achieved some weight loss and health outcome success using this dietary approach. For sustainable weight loss maintenance, full family and health professional support, particularly on a more intensive level at the start, may be required.
Perceptions of factors that affect employability amongst a sample of final-year students at a rural South African university
Authors: Harry Tinashe , Chinyamurindi Willie T. , Mjoli Themba 
Published: July 2018

Orientation: The unemployment rate within the South African context is on the rise. Given this, there is a need to understand factors influencing employability amongst a sample of final-year students in preparation for their transit into the labour market. Research purpose: The overall objective of this research was to explore final-year students’ perceptions of factors that affect employability. This was amongst a sample of students that were enrolled at a rural university in South Africa. Motivation for the study: Within graduate employability studies, calls have been made to understand the factors around employability especially within a context of high unemployment. This study allows for an understanding of the journey from higher education into the labour market for previously disadvantaged individuals. Research approach/design and method: An interpretivist, qualitative research approach using an exploratory research design was adopted to explore student perceptions and concerns of employability. Focus-group interviews were used as a data gathering technique amongst 30 final-year students about to exit the university system. Data were recorded, transcribed and processed, and narrative analysis used. Main findings: Through the analysis, a set of six factors were perceived to influence employability: (1) poor socio-economic status, (2) a poor education system, (3) curriculum issues, (4) the choice of higher education institution and (5) social connections to which the student belongs to. Practical/managerial implications: Through the identified factors, career counsellors can better understand their clients and those issues that shape their lived experiences. The findings can also assist the provision of better career guidance services. Contribution/value-add: This study provides an understanding of the complex issues facing potential graduates through lived experiences. It provides an understanding of student perceptions towards employability, which policymakers should consider when addressing the issue of unemployment in the country.
Mammogram history in Nigerian women: Age-related risk factors for breast cancer and educational implications
Authors: Umeh Eric O. , Umeh Kanayo F. , Ebubedike Uzoamaka R. , Ezeugbor Chiamaka F. , Anene Chukwuziem N. 
Published: July 2018

Background: Breast cancer accounts for 25% of diagnosed cancers and 20% of cancer-related mortality in women from sub-Saharan Africa. Given the early onset of breast cancer in African women, there is a need to better understand how age-related risk factors contribute to mammography uptake in this population.Aim: To identify age-related risk factors for breast cancer associated with previous uptake of mammograms in asymptomatic Nigerian women and consider implications for health education campaigns.Method: Participants comprised 544 asymptomatic Nigerian women (aged 28–75 years) responding to breast cancer public awareness campaigns, by presenting for baseline or screening mammography at a local hospital. Information about mammography history and age-related risk factors (menarche, menopausal and chronological age) were obtained by interviewing the participants face-to-face, before proceeding with mammography. Hierarchical logistic regression was used to estimate the odds of previous mammograms based on the age-related risk factors.Results: The likelihood of previous mammography screening increased by a factor of 1.07 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.00–1.14) for every year older chronologically and decreased by a factor of 1.12 (95% CI: 1.24–1.01) for every year older at menarche. Age at menarche partly mediated the relationship between chronological age and mammography history (effect = –0.01, 95% CI: –0.01, –0.00). Women with a history of breast cancer were 6.11 times more likely to have previously undertaken mammography screening (95% CI: 2.49–14.97). Age at menopause and age at first confinement were unrelated to mammography history.Conclusions: Nigerian women may recognise the need for mammograms because of adverse age-related risk factors for breast cancer, notably menarche and chronological age. However, awareness of menopausal age as a risk factor and basis for mammography screening may be deficient. It is therefore recommended that public awareness campaigns should emphasise the importance of older menopausal age in breast cancer risk and as a basis for requesting mammograms.
Missional postures and practices for South African Baptist churches
Authors: Henry Desmond 
Published: July 2018

This article enumerates the importance of a missional posture in our Baptist cultural moment and details various issues related to the author’s definition of the concept missio Dei. Moving to contextual practices among South African Baptists, the author deals with missional practices deployed in the Baptist context from a participant observer basis. Important principles for the effective implementation of those missional practices across the evangelical denominational divide can be drawn.Intradisciplinary and/or interdisciplinary implications: This article seeks to challenge the modern conception of church as attractional and presents an alternative model that aligns with the recent missional conversations by highlighting five missional practices for congregations to implement for the common good. The fields of theology, missiology and ecclesiology are impacted by this study as it uses the author’s contextual findings as participant observer.
Alexidine versus chlorhexidine for endodontic irrigation with sodium hypochlorite
Authors: Jain Kanav , Agarwal Padmanidhi , Jain Supriya , Seal Mukut , Adlakha Twisha 
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACT
Objective: The objective of this study was to chemically evaluate precipitate formation on irrigation by different concentrations of chlorhexidine (CHX) and alexidine (ALX) with sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl). Materials and Methods: Six test tubes were prepared with 1 ml of 4% NaOCl. One milliliter of 2%, 1%, 0.5%, and 0.25% ALX was added to the first four, and in the last two, 1 ml of 2% CHX and 0.2% CHX was added, respectively. Samples were observed for color changes or precipitates at multiple time intervals. All solutions were then centrifuged at 1000 rpm for 10 min and re-examined for precipitates. This process was repeated twice. Fifty freshly extracted premolars were biomechanically prepared, dried, divided into two groups, and irrigated with 10 ml of 4% NaOCl and 10 ml of 2% ALX (Group 1) and 10 ml of 4% NaOCl and 10 ml of 2% CHX (Group 2). These samples were sectioned and observed for precipitates on the dentinal surfaces by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results: The color of the solution of ALX and NaOCl stayed transparent and no precipitate was observed. A color change was noted immediately on mixing CHX and NaOCl which did not change with time. Precipitates were only observed in the solutions of CHX with NaOCl and after centrifuging them. SEM views also showed dense precipitates covering the dentinal surface and occluding the dentinal tubules in Group 2. Conclusion: The interaction of ALX and NaOCl does not produce precipitates which together with its better antimicrobial action make ALX a more effective and safer replacement for CHX as an adjunctive endodontic irrigant.
Residual smear layer after root canal instrumentation by using Niti, M-Wire and CM-Wire instruments: A scanning electron microscopy analysis
Authors: Machado Ricardo , Comparin Daniel , Back Eduardo Donato Eing Engelke , Garcia Lucas da Fonseca Roberti , Alberton Luiz Rômulo 
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACT
Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the amount of residual smear layer after root canal instrumentation by using Ni-Ti, M-Wire, and CM-Wire instruments. Materials and Methods: Seventy-two mandibular incisors were randomly divided into six groups according to the system used: WaveOne (WO), Reciproc (RP), Unicone (UC), ProTaper Next (PN), Mtwo (MT), and HyFlex (HF). Afterward, the specimens were cleaved in the mesiodistal and buccolingual direction for analysis by scanning electron microscopy. Results: Considering both directions and root canal thirds, there was no difference between HF, MT, and PN. RP, UC, and WO presented a significant difference between the directions, and the cervical third showed a significantly smaller quantity of residual smear layer compared with the apical third. When the systems were compared among them, there was a significant difference only between RP and WO. Conclusions: Residual smear layer observed after instrumentation with the different systems was similar, except for quantities between the reciprocating systems.
Effect of the Er: YAG laser on the shear bond strength of conventional glass ionomer and BiodentineTM to dentine
Authors: Aljdaimi Abtesam , Devlin Hugh , Dickinson Mark 
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACTObjectives: The purpose of this study was to determine if Er: YAG laser etching improves the shear bond strength (SBS) of Biodentin™ and GC Fuji IX® to dentine. Materials and Methods: Forty human dentine specimens were standardized and embedded in stone. The specimens were randomized into four groups (n = 10). Twenty samples were treated with the Er: YAG laser radiation and 10 of these restored with GC Fuji IX® and 10 with Biodentine™. The remaining 20 specimens acted as controls (no laser treatment); 10 were restored with GC Fuji IX® and 10 with Biodentin™. All samples were then stored in an incubator at 37.5°C and 100% humidity for 7 days. The SBS was determined using a Zwick universal testing machine. A two-way analysis of variance test was used to evaluate the statistical difference in SBS between the groups. An independent sample t-test was used to determine the statistical significance of differences between control and lased groups within the same material. Results: A highly statistically significant difference in SBS was found with the laser treatment (P = 0.0001) and material (i.e., Biodentin™ or Fuji IX® (P = 0.0001). The GC Fuji IX® group recorded the highest mean SBS required to dislodge the material from the laser-treated dentine surface (1.77 ± 0.22 Mega-Pascal [MPa]). The mean SBS of Biodentin™ to dentine following the laser radiation (1.12 ± 0.16 MPa) was significantly greater compared to the nonlased dentine (0.53 ± 0.09). Pearson Chi-square test indicated a nonsignificant relation between shear strength and mode of failure (P = 0.467). Conclusion: Laser etching of the dentine surfaces yielded a significant increase in the bond strength for both GC Fuji IX® and Biodentin™. The SBS of Biodentin™ to dentine is greater than with conventional glass ionomer (Fuji IX®).
The effect of autologous leukocyte platelet rich fibrin on the rate of orthodontic tooth movement: A prospective randomized clinical trial
Authors: Tehranchi Azita , Behnia Hossein , Pourdanesh Fereydoun , Behnia Parsa , Pinto Nelson , Younessian Farnaz 
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACT
Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of LPRF, placed in extraction sockets, on orthodontic tooth movement (OTM). Materials and Methods: Thirty extraction sockets from eight patients (five males, three females, with a mean age of 17.37 years; range 12–25 years) requiring extraction of first premolars based on their orthodontic treatment plan participated in this split-mouth clinical trial. In one randomly selected quadrant of each jaw, the extraction socket was preserved as the experimental group by immediate placement of LPRF in the extraction socket. The other quadrant served as the control group for secondary healing. Immediately, the teeth adjacent to the defects were pulled together by a NiTi closed-coil spring with constant force. A piece of 0.016 × 0.022-inch stainless steel wire was used as the main arch wire. The amount of OTM was measured on the study casts at eight time points with 2-week intervals for 3 months. Analysis of random effect model was performed for the purpose of comparison between the experimental and control groups. Results: According to the random effect model, a statistically significant difference was found between the experimental and control group in rate of OTM (P = 0.006). Conclusion: According to the results, application of LPRF, as an interdisciplinary approach combining orthodontics and surgery, may accelerate OTM, particularly in extraction cases.
Cone beam computed tomographic survey of the mesiobuccal root canal anatomy in the maxillary first and second molar teeth of an Iranian population
Authors: Khosravifard Negar , Kajan Zahra Dalili , Hasanpoor Homayoon 
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACT
Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the mesiobuccal (MB) root canal(s) anatomy of the maxillary first and second molar teeth in an Iranian population. Materials and Methods: Cone beam computed tomography images of 280 teeth (145 maxillary first molars and 135 maxillary second molars) were analyzed to determine the number and types of the MB root canals. Chi-square test was used to examine the relationship between the number of MB canals and sex and Mann–Whitney analysis was used to define the relationship between the number of canals and the buccopalatal dimension of the MB roots. The level of interobservers' agreement was assessed with Kappa test. Results: Nearly 44.8% of the first molar and 18.5% of the second molar teeth had an additional MB canal (MB2). Types I and III of root canals had the highest frequencies. There was no significant relationship between the number of MB root canals of maxillary first and second molars and sex (P = 0.829). The relationship between the buccopalatal dimension of the MB roots and the number of root canals was shown to be statistically significant (P = 0.001). Conclusion: Presence of MB2 had a relatively high frequency, especially in the maxillary first molars. The mean buccopalatal dimension of the MB roots showed to be interrelated with the number of root canals.
El trabajo de final de grado en los estudios de Periodismo y Comunicación Corporativa: el caso de Serielizados
Authors: Sabaté Joan , Micó Josep Lluís , Díez Míriam 
Published: July 2018

El trabajo de final de grado ha sido una de las principales novedades en el diseño pedagógico de las nuevas asignaturas del Plan Bolonia. Las universidades españolas han desarrollado la asignatura como un trabajo teórico o práctico, con la posibilidad de realizarse individualmente o en grupo. En los estudios del Grado de Periodismo y Comunicación Corporativa de la Facultad de Comunicación y Relaciones Internacionales Blanquerna, Universidad Ramon Llull, estos trabajos se orientan a la realización de un proyecto periodístico o de comunicación corporativa emprendedor. Los trabajos de final de grado pretenden trabajar nuevas habilidades competenciales vinculadas a la autoocupación, que puedan ser utilizadas como una puerta más en la inserción laboral de los estudiante. Además, en la realización de los proyectos se concentran todos los aprendizajes y competencias desarrolladas durante el grado. En algunos casos, los proyectos pueden ser posteriormente impulsados mediante una plataforma de transferencia del conocimiento, el Media Innovation Lab, que ayuda a los estudiantes en el lanzamiento de su proyecto al mercado. Uno de los casos de éxito de esta metodología es la revista digital Serielizados, un proyecto periodístico sobre series de televisión, que ocupa una posición de referencia dentro del público objetivo de este género audiovisual. Palabras clave: periodismo, empresa, ocupabilidad, emprendimiento, comunicación corporativa, trabajo de final de grado, transferencia, innovación pedagógica, renovación metodológica, universidad