bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cover Picture: Electrochemical Synthesis of (Aza)indolines via Dehydrogenative [3+2] Annulation: Application to Total Synthesis of (±)‐Hinckdentine A (Chin. J. Chem. 10/2018)
Authors: Hou Zhong‐Wei , Yan Hong , Song Jin‐Shuai , Xu Hai‐Chao 
Published: September 2018

The cover picture shows an electricity powered dehydrogenative [3+2] annulation reaction of (hetero)arylamines with tethered di‐, tri, and tetra‐substituted alkenes for the preparation of indoline and azaindoline products. The electrochemical reactions proceed through H2 evolution and thus avoid the use of stoichiometric chemical oxidants. This method, which is applicable to the preparation of highly functionalized (aza)indoline scaffold, enables the total synthesis of (±)‐hinckdentine A in 12 steps. More details are discussed in the article by Xu et al. on page 909–915.
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Back Cover: Synthesis, Nematicidal Activity, and 3D‐QSAR of Novel 1,3,4‐Oxadiazole/ Thiadiazole Thioether Derivatives (Chin. J. Chem. 10/2018)
Authors: Chen Jixiang , Gan Xiuhai , Yi Chongfen , Wang Shaobo , Yang Yuyuan , He Fangcheng , Hu Deyu , Song Baoan 
Published: September 2018

The back cover picture shows As two important heterocyclic active groups, oxadiazole and thiadiazole are used to develop new pesticide with high efficiency and broad spectrum of biological activities. On the basis of our previous works, forty one novel 1,3,4‐oxadiazole/thiadiazole thioether derivatives were synthesized and their nematicidal activities against Tylenchulus semipenetrans were evaluated. And compound 33 was designed by using the CoMFA and CoMSIA models, which exhibited excellent nematicidal acivity in vitro. More details are discussed in the article by Song et al. on page 939‐944.
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Fluid‐structure interaction simulations of venous valves: A monolithic ALE method for large structural displacements
Authors: Calandrini Sara , Aulisa Eugenio 
Published: September 2018

AbstractVenous valves are bicuspidal valves that ensure that blood in veins only flows back to the heart. To prevent retrograde blood flow, the two intraluminal leaflets meet in the center of the vein and occlude the vessel. In fluid‐structure interaction (FSI) simulations of venous valves, the large structural displacements may lead to mesh deteriorations and entanglements, causing instabilities of the solver and, consequently, the numerical solution to diverge. In this paper, we propose an arbitrary Lagrangian‐Eulerian (ALE) scheme for FSI simulations designed to solve these instabilities. A monolithic formulation for the FSI problem is considered, and due to the complexity of the operators, the exact Jacobian matrix is evaluated using automatic differentiation. The method relies on the introduction of a staggered in time velocity to improve stability, and on fictitious springs to model the contact force of the valve leaflets. Because the large structural displacements may compromise the quality of the fluid mesh as well, a smoother fluid displacement, obtained with the introduction of a scaling factor that measures the distance of a fluid element from the valve leaflet tip, guarantees that there are no mesh entanglements in the fluid domain. To further improve stability, a streamline upwind Petrov‐Galerkin (SUPG) method is employed. The proposed ALE scheme is applied to a two‐dimensional (2D) model of a venous valve. The presented simulations show that the proposed method deals well with the large structural displacements of the problem, allowing a reconstruction of the valve behavior in both the opening and closing phase.
Tuning the Amount of Oxygen Vacancies in Sputter‐Deposited SnOx films for Enhancing the Performance of Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Ali Fawad , Pham Ngoc Duy , Bradford H. Jonathan , Khoshsirat Nima , Ostrikov Ken , Bell John M. , Wang Hongxia , Tesfamichael Tuquabo 
Published: September 2018

AbstractInvited for this month's cover is group of Tuquabo Tesfamichael at Queensland Univeristy of Technology. The image shows SnOx thin film deposited by sputtering with oxygen vacancies to be used as electron transporting layer in perovskite solar cells. The Full Paper itself is available at 10.1002/cssc.201801541.
Hierarchical Cobalt Borate/MXenes Hybrid with Extraordinary Electrocatalytic Performance in Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Liu Jiapeng , Chen Tao , Juan Peng , Peng Wenchao , Li Yang , Zhang Fengbao , Fan Xiaobin 
Published: September 2018

AbstractOxygen evolution reaction (OER) is a key reaction for many renewable energy storage and conversion techniques. Developing efficient non‐precious metal‐based electrocatalysts for OER has attracted increasing attention. Herein is reported a strategy to fabricate hierarchical cobalt borate/Ti3C2Tx MXene (Co‐Bi/Ti3C2Tx) hybrid through fast chemical reactions at room temperature. This interesting hierarchical structure of Co‐Bi/Ti3C2Tx hybrid is beneficial for exposing more active sites, improving mass diffusion, and charge‐transfer pathways for electrochemical reaction. Moreover, a strong interaction between Co‐Bi and Ti3C2Tx ensures efficient charge transfer and facilitates the electrostatic attraction of more anionic intermediates for a fast redox process. Consequently, the hierarchical Co‐Bi/Ti3C2Tx hybrid shows extraordinary OER catalytic activity to deliver a current density of 10 mA cm−2 at an overpotential of 250 mV, and a Tafel slope of about 53 mV dec−1.
Large‐scale molecular diet analysis in a generalist marine mammal reveals male preference for prey of conservation concern
Authors: Schwarz Dietmar , Spitzer Sara M. , Thomas Austen C. , Kohnert Christa M. , Keates Theresa R. , Acevedo‐Gutiérrez Alejandro 
Published: September 2018

AbstractSex‐specific diet information is important in the determination of predator impacts on prey populations. Unfortunately, the diet of males and females can be difficult to describe, particularly when they are marine predators. We combined two molecular techniques to describe haul‐out use and prey preferences of male and female harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) from Comox and Cowichan Bay (Canada) during 2012–2013. DNA metabarcoding quantified the diet proportions comprised of prey species in harbor seal scat, and qPCR determined the sex of the individual that deposited each scat. Using 287 female and 260 male samples, we compared the monthly sex ratio with GLMs and analyzed prey consumption relative to sex, season, site, and year with PERMANOVA. The sex ratio between monthly samples differed widely in both years (range = 12%–79% males) and showed different patterns at each haul‐out site. Male and female diet differed across both years and sites: Females consumed a high proportion of demersal fish species while males consumed more salmonid species. Diet composition was related to both sex and season (PERMANOVA: R2 = 27%, p < 0.001; R2 = 24%, p < 0.001, respectively) and their interaction (PERMANOVA: R2 = 11%, p < 0.001). Diet differences between males and females were consistent across site and year, suggesting fundamental foraging differences, including that males may have a larger impact on salmonids than females. Our novel combination of techniques allowed for both prey taxonomic and spatiotemporal resolution unprecedented in marine predators.
Sequestration of artemin reduces inflammation‐induced activation and sensitization of bone marrow nociceptors in a rodent model of carrageenan‐induced inflammatory bone pain
Authors: Nencini Sara , Thai Jenny , Ivanusic Jason J. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBackgroundPathologies that affect the bone marrow have a significant inflammatory component; however, it is not clear how inflammatory mediators affect nociceptive nerve terminals within the marrow cavity.MethodsIn this study, an in vivo bone‐nerve preparation was used to directly record the physiological response properties of bone marrow nociceptors innervating the tibial marrow cavity of rats, before and after application of the inflammatory agent carrageenan. In addition, endogenous artemin was sequestered by application of an artemin neutralizing antibody to determine if this could prevent the inflammation‐induced physiological changes observed.ResultsA single injection of carrageenan administered into the tibial marrow cavity produced rapid changes in weight bearing (pain‐like behaviour) in conscious animals. Carrageenan, but not saline, activated bone marrow nociceptors in whole‐nerve recordings and sensitized a subtype of Aδ‐bone marrow nociceptors to mechanical stimulation. The activation and sensitization had a rapid time course that matched that of pain‐like behaviours. Sequestration of endogenous artemin significantly reduced carrageenan‐induced increases in ongoing activity and completely abolished sensitization of bone marrow nociceptors to mechanical stimulation.ConclusionsThese observations indicate that inflammation affects the activity and sensitivity of bone marrow nociceptors; that artemin plays a role in these changes; and that artemin might be a promising target for pharmacological manipulations in the treatment of inflammatory bone pain.SignificanceMost pathologies that affect the bone marrow have an inflammatory component. We have used a model of carrageenan‐induced inflammation to show that sequestration of artemin reduces inflammation‐induced activation and sensitization of bone marrow nociceptors. Our findings suggest that artemin signalling is a target for the treatment of inflammatory bone pain.
Culture, psychological proximity to the past and future, and self‐continuity
Authors: Ji Li‐Jun , Hong Emily K. , Guo Tieyuan , Zhang Zhiyong , Su Yanjie , Li Ye 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe present research explores how culture influences individuals’ psychological proximity to the past and future, which may predict differences in perceived self‐continuity across time. In Studies 1 and 2, we hypothesized and found that Chinese participants saw the past and future as more connected and subjectively closer to the present compared to Euro‐Canadians. Following this, we expected and found in Studies 3 and 4 that Chinese participants perceived greater self‐continuity over time than Euro‐Canadians. Additionally, perceived closeness to the past mediated the effect of culture on past–present self‐continuity, which subsequently predicted present–future self‐continuity. Study 5 further documented a causal effect of perceived distance to the past on self‐continuity. These results suggest that cultural differences in temporal attention to the past and future play a pivotal role in people's sense of self‐continuity across time. This has important implications for temporal focalism, intertemporal discounting, and social interactions between Chinese and Euro‐Canadians.
The coupled effect of salt precipitation and fines mobilization on CO2 injectivity in sandstone
Authors: Sokama‐Neuyam Yen Adams , Ursin Jann Rune 
Published: September 2018

AbstractAppreciable CO2 injectivity is required to inject large volumes of CO2 through a minimum number of wells. In situ geochemical CO2‐brine‐rock reactions may dissolve sandstone rock minerals, and consequently release fine particles into the pore fluid. If the fine particles (‘fines’) are mobilized during CO2 injection, well injectivity could be severely impaired. The transport of fines under CO2 injection conditions involves the complex multiphase flow of dry supercritical CO2, saline formation brine, and fine particles. While transported fines could plug narrow pore channels, the saline pore water could be vaporized by supercritical CO2 to precipitate solid salt into the pores. To understand the impact of mineral dissolution on CO2 injectivity, it is important to consider the coupled effect of fine particle mobilization and salt precipitation. We conducted core‐flood experiments and theoretical modelling to investigate the coupled effect of the fines mobilization and salt precipitation on CO2 injectivity. We found that salt precipitation could increase CO2 injectivity impairment induced by the fines mobilization. The deposited salt reduces the flow area, making the pores more susceptible to particle entrapment. Injectivity impairment increased with decreasing initial rock permeability and increasing saturating brine salinity. Irreducible brine saturation and pore size distribution were identified as parameters that strongly determine the contribution of salt precipitation during the transport of fines. Injectivity impairment was also slightly higher when the rock was first exposed to salt precipitation, before the entrapment of fines. The current findings highlight the complexity and uniqueness of fines transportation under CO2 injection conditions and the impact of mineral dissolution on CO2 injectivity. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Phase control of downhole fluid during supercritical carbon dioxide fracturing
Authors: Yang Zhao‐Zhong , Yi Liang‐Ping , Li Xiao‐Gang , Li Yu , Jia Min 
Published: September 2018

AbstractTo control the carbon dioxide phase more effectively during supercritical carbon dioxide fracturing, a fully coupled mathematical model is proposed for the investigation of the wellbore temperature and pressure. Our model assumes that the heat transfer is steady in the wellbore but unsteady in the formation. The physical parameters of carbon dioxide vary with temperature and pressure, and the influence of casing, tubing, and cement sheath thermal resistance on heat transfer are all considered. The heat generated by fluid friction losses is also taken into consideration. Based on this model, the influence of the injection temperature, injection rate, tubing roughness, and geothermal gradient on the wellbore pressure and temperature are discussed. The results indicate that the wellbore carbon dioxide temperature increases as the injection temperature, injection rate, tubing roughness, and geothermal gradient increase, and the wellbore carbon dioxide pressure decreases as the injection temperature, injection rate, and tubing roughness increase. To ensure that the carbon dioxide is in the supercritical state when it enters the formation, engineers need to increase the injection temperature. The heat generated by fluid friction losses has a significant impact on the wellbore temperature and pressure; this effect should therefore not be ignored. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Managing the hope and worry of housing renewal—supporting well‐being in the emerging community
Authors: Abbott Penelope , Brooker Ron , Reath Jennifer 
Published: September 2018

AbstractIssue addressedHousing renewal is a common urban housing and development strategy internationally. An intended result is increased social inclusion and well‐being of residents through public housing de‐concentration. In this study, we examined challenges encountered during the process of housing renewal from the perspectives of community‐based staff and volunteers.MethodsWe conducted semi‐structured qualitative interviews with housing and community workers, service managers and community volunteers who were working with residents experiencing housing renewal in an outer metropolitan estate in New South Wales. We analysed the data thematically.ResultsSeventeen participants were interviewed in a mix of individual and group interviews. Housing workers uncovered substantial resident health and social support needs during housing assessments. Promoting access to services and supporting the mental health and social connectedness of residents into the future were seen as key goals and challenges. However, lack of clarity on which services and community resources would exist in the new neighbourhood at the completion of the renewal project made this more difficult, particularly when supporting the social housing residents who were remaining in the changing community.ConclusionsSupporting the mental health and well‐being of residents experiencing housing renewal is an important role of community‐based workers, volunteers and service providers. This includes facilitating access to health care and other services and promoting social connectedness in the emerging community. Increased clarity on what community resources and services will be available subsequent to redevelopment will assist in these aims.So what?Early knowledge of what community resources and services will be in place long term in communities undergoing housing renewal will allow staff and volunteers to better support the health and well‐being of residents.
Cervical image classification based on image segmentation preprocessing and a CapsNet network model
Authors: Zhang XiaoQing , Zhao Shu‐Guang 
Published: September 2018

AbstractCervical cancer is one of the most common gynecological malignancies, and when detected and treated at an early stage, the cure rate is almost 100%. Colposcopy can be used to diagnose cervical lesions by direct observation of the surface of the cervix using microscopic biopsy and pathological examination, which can improve the diagnosis rate and ensure that patients receive fast and effective treatment. Digital colposcopy and automatic image analysis can reduce the work burden on doctors, improve work efficiency, and help healthcare institutions to make better treatment decisions in underdeveloped areas. The present study used a deep‐learning model to classify the images of cervical lesions. Clinicians could determine patient treatment based on the type of cervix, which greatly improved the diagnostic efficiency and accuracy. The present study was divided into two parts. First, convolutional neural networks were used to segment the lesions in the cervical images; and second, a neural network model similar to CapsNet was used to identify and classify the cervical images. Finally, the training set accuracy of our model was 99%, the test set accuracy was 80.1%, it obtained better results than other classification methods, and it realized rapid classification and prediction of mass image data.
Evaluation of the developmental toxicity of perfluorooctanesulfonate in the Anuran, Silurana tropicalis
Authors: Fort Douglas J. , Mathis Michael B. , Guiney Patrick D. , Weeks John A. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractA 150‐day post‐metamorphosis (dpm) partial lifecycle study exposing Silurana tropicalis to <0.03 (control), 0.06, 0.13 0.25, 0.5 and 1.0 mg/L perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) was conducted. A subset of specimens from the control and each treatment were evaluated at metamorphic completion. A significant increase in the median metamorphosis time was observed in the 1.0 mg/L PFOS treatment relative to the control. A modest increase in the occurrence, but not severity, of mild follicular hypertrophy was found in thyroid glands from organisms exposed to the 0.62 and 1.1 mg/L PFOS treatments. At 150 dpm, a concentration‐dependent increase in whole body PFOS residues was measured ranging from 29.6 to 163.5 mg/kg in the 0.05 and 1.1 mg/L PFOS treatments. Decreased body weight and snout‐vent length were noted in specimens exposed to 1.1 mg PFOS/L at the completion of metamorphosis. Body weight was reduced in the 1.1 mg/L PFOS concentration; however, snout‐vent length was not affected by PFOS exposure at 150 dpm. An increased proportion of phenotypic males were noted in the 0.62 and 1.1 mg/L PFOS treatments. Abnormal ovary development characterized by size asymmetry, necrosis and formation of excessive fibrous connective tissue was identified in females exposed to 0.29 and 1.1 mg PFOS/L. Asymmetrically misshaped testes were found at 1.1 mg/L PFOS. Results suggested that PFOS is capable of interfering with S. tropicalis growth before metamorphic completion and growth and gonad development during juvenile development.
Endotoxin modulates the electrophysiological characteristics of human embryonic stem cell‐differentiated cardiomyocytes
Authors: Wang Shiji , Wang Yu , Guo Xin , Li Yingji , Yan Li , Wei Chengxi , Zhao Ming 
Published: September 2018

AbstractGram‐negative bacteria‐induced infections result in fever, arrhythmia, and even death. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a constituent of bacteria, leads to an inflammatory response under sepsis and increase arrhythmogenesis. This study analyzed the effects on human embryonic stem cell‐differentiated cardiomyocytes (HIPSC‐CMs) exposed to LPS. A whole cell patch clamp was used to record the action potential (AP) and ionic currents with or without different doses of LPS in HIPSC‐CMs. Compared with the control, a different dose (0.04, 0.2, 1, and 5 µg/ml) of LPS‐treated HIPSC‐CMs resulted in a longer AP duration. The IC50 of sodium channel current was 1.254 µg/ml, L‐type calcium channel current was 5 µg/ml, and
Ik channel currents were 1.254 µg/ml. LPS‐treated HIPSC‐CMs showed a lower sodium channel current, L‐type calcium channel current, and
Ik channel currents. Furthermore, the expressions of Nav1.5 were decreased, and L‐Ca, Kv11.1, and Kv7.1 were increased in LPS‐treated HIPSC‐CMs. LPS‐induced arrhythmogenesis was related to the electrophysiological characteristics of sodium channel current, L‐type calcium channel current, and
Ik channel currents. These results suggest a potential mechanism of cardiomyocyte injury in endotoxemia.
Spanning bipartite quadrangulations of even triangulations
Authors: Nakamoto Atsuhiro , Noguchi Kenta , Ozeki Kenta 
Published: September 2018

AbstractA triangulation (resp.,
a quadrangulation) on a surface is a map of a loopless graph (possibly with multiple edges) on with each face bounded by a closed walk of length 3 (resp., 4). It is easy to see that every triangulation on any surface has a spanning quadrangulation. Kündgen and Thomassen proved that every even triangulation (ie, each vertex has even degree) on the torus has a spanning nonbipartite quadrangulation, and that if has sufficiently large edge width, then also has a bipartite one. In this paper, we prove that an even triangulation on the torus admits a spanning bipartite quadrangulation if and only if does not have as a subgraph, and moreover, we give some other results for the problem.