bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Experience With Health Care of Patients With Inflammatory Arthritis
Authors: de Toro Javier , Cea-Calvo Luis , García-Vivar María L. , Pantoja Lucía , Lerín-Lozano Cristina , García-Díaz Silvia , Galindo María J. , Marín-Jiménez Ignacio , Fernández Sabela , Mestre Yvonne , Orozco-Beltrán Domingo 
Published: July 2019

Background
Patients' experience with health care is becoming a key component for the provision of a patient-centered health care model. The aim of this study was to assess the experience with health care of patients with inflammatory arthritis and patient- and health care–related factors.

Methods
Patients responded to an anonymous survey provided by their treating clinical teams. The survey comprised the validated 12-item IEXPAC (Instrument to Evaluate the EXperience of PAtients with Chronic diseases) tool and demographic variables and health care–related characteristics that may affect patients' experience.

Results
A total of 359 of 625 surveys were returned (response rate, 57.4%). Overall, patient responses were positive (>60% gave “always/mostly” answers) for statements assessing the interaction between patients and health care professionals or patient self-management following health care professional guidance. However, positive patient responses for items regarding patient interaction with the health care system via the internet or with other patients were less than 13%. Only 25.6% of patients who had been hospitalized reported receiving a follow-up call or visit following discharge. In the bivariate analysis, experience scores were higher (better experience) in men, those seen by fewer specialists or by the same physician, and in patients treated with a fewer number of drugs or with subcutaneous/intravenous drugs. Multivariate analyses identified regular follow-up by the same physician and treatment with subcutaneous/intravenous drugs as variables associated with a better patient experience.

Conclusions
This study identifies areas of care for patients with inflammatory arthritis with the potential to improve patients' experience and highlights the importance of patient-physician relationships and comprehensive patient care.
Left-sided Portal Hypertension After Pancreaticoduodenectomy With Resection of the Portal Vein/Superior Mesenteric Vein Confluence in Patients With Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Mizuno Shugo , Kato Hiroyuki , Yamaue Hiroki , Fujii Tsutomu , Satoi Sohei , Saiura Akio , Murakami Yoshiaki , Sho Masayuki , Yamamoto Masakazu , Isaji Shuji 
Published: July 2019

Objective:
The aim of this study was to evaluate how often left-sided portal hypertension (LPH) develops and how LPH affects the long-term outcomes of patients with pancreatic cancer treated with pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) and resection of the portal vein (PV)/superior mesenteric vein (SMV) confluence.

Summary Background Data:
Little is known about LPH after PD with resection of the PV/SMV confluence.

Methods:
Overall, 536 patients who underwent PD with PV/SMV resection were enrolled. Among them, we mainly compared the SVp group [n=285; the splenic vein (SV) was preserved] and the SVr group (n = 227; the SV was divided and not reconstructed).

Results:
The incidence of variceal formation in the SVr group increased until 3 years after PD compared with that in the SVp group (38.7% vs 8.3%, P < 0.001). Variceal bleeding occurred in the SVr group (n = 9: 4.0%) but not in the SVp group (P < 0.001). In the multivariate analysis, the risk factors for variceal formation were liver disease, N factor, conventional PD, middle colic artery resection, and SV division. The only risk factor for variceal bleeding was SV division. The platelet count ratio at 6 months after PD was significantly lower in the SVr group than in the SVp group (0.97 vs 0.82, P < 0.001), and the spleen–volume ratios at 6 and 12 months were significantly higher in the SVr group than in the SVp group (1.38 vs 1.00 and 1.54 vs 1.09; P < 0.001 and P < 0.001, respectively).

Conclusions:
PD with SV division causes variceal formation, bleeding, and thrombocytopenia.
Low-dose Rituximab and Thymoglobulin Induction With Steroid-free Maintenance Immunosuppression and Protocol Biopsies Improves Long-term Patient and Graft Survival After Kidney Transplantation: Survival and Safety Outcomes in More Than 1100 Patients From a Single Center
Authors: Pathak Vivek , Madhavan Devdas , Narayanasamy Kuppurajan , Kumar Sampath , Ramalingam Vasanthan , Sengodagounder Balasundaram , Bodonyi-Kovacs Gabor 
Published: July 2019

Background.Steroid-free maintenance immunosuppression after kidney transplantation provides acceptable patient and graft survival and minimizes steroid-associated side effects among recipients with a low immunological risk. However, the long-term outcomes of such protocols, incorporating low-dose rituximab and thymoglobulin induction along with protocol biopsies, in non-European populations remains underreported.Methods.We retrospectively analyzed 1142 consecutive kidney transplantations conducted at our center from July 2005 to October 2017. Immunosuppression protocol included induction with thymoglobulin and low-dose preoperative rituximab. Maintenance immunosuppression consisted of tacrolimus and mycophenolate mofetil; prednisolone was discontinued on postoperative day 5. Protocol biopsies were carried out at 3 months and at 1, 5, and 10 years after transplantation—in addition to the indicated biopsies. The 12-year patient and graft survival and posttransplantation complications were studied.Results.The analysis of outcomes was conducted for 1111 transplant recipients. Patients (70.59%) remained steroid-free at 12 years after transplantation. The patient survival rates at 1, 5, and 12 years were 97.7%, 94.8%, and 92.4%, respectively. The corresponding graft survival rates were 97.2%, 90.9%, and 86.1%, respectively. Biopsy-proven acute rejection occurred in 12.7% of recipients, including 3.5% subclinical rejections. The cumulative incidence of graft loss was 6.56% at 12.3 years. The overall incidence of death was 5.3%.Conclusions.Steroid-free maintenance immunosuppression was associated with excellent long-term patient and graft survival rates and reduced incidence of prednisolone-related side effects, despite acceptable rejection rates. Low-dose rituximab with thymoglobulin induction with immediate steroid withdrawal and surveillance biopsies resulted in excellent long-term outcomes in our single-center experience.
A single-blinded randomized crossover trial comparing peer-to-peer and standard instruction on airway management skill training
Authors: Surabenjawong Usapan , Phrampus Paul Edward , Lutz John , Farkas Deborah , Gopalakrishna Apoorva , Monsomboon Apichaya , Limsuwat Chok , O’Donnell John Marc 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTBackgroundPeer-to-peer teaching, which is an alternative to standard teaching (by expert instructors), has the potential to emphasize student self-learning and reduce the cost and workload of the instructor. Self-instruction videos with peer feedback are highlighted in many medical and nursing school curricula.ObjectiveTo evaluate whether peer to peer instruction supported by a structured curriculum and video exemplars is not inferior to standard instructor-led teaching in basic airway management skill, knowledge, and confidence attainment.MethodThis single blinded randomized crossover trial was conducted with a sample of novice nursing students. Data was collected through the pre-to post-knowledge and confidence assessments. The students were randomly assigned to two crossover groups. Each student learned basic airway management skills through both methods. The students’ performances were recorded in every session with recordings reviewed by blinded expert instructors.ResultsThe study included 48 participants, who were assigned into both the expert instruction group and peer-to-peer group through computer generated randomization. The skill rating scores of the peer-to-peer group were not inferior to the standard teaching. With further analysis, we noted that the peer-to-peer group scores had significantly higher scores demonstrating a large effect size (Cohen’s d of 1.07 (p-value 0.002) for oropharyngeal airway insertion, 1.14 (p-value <0.001) for nasopharyngeal airway insertion and 0.81 (p-value 0.003) for bag mask ventilation). There was no significant difference between pre- and post-knowledge scores across groups (p-value of 0.13 and 0.22 respectively). Participants in both groups reported higher confidence after learning. However, the difference was not statistically significant.ConclusionsUndergraduate nursing students trained in basic airway management skills by peer-to-peer instruction and a structured curriculum did not show inferior scores compared to the students who were trained by expert instructors. There was no significant difference in the knowledge and confidence levels between the groups.
Alcohol causes an increased risk of head and neck but not breast cancer in individuals from the UK Biobank study: A Mendelian randomisation analysis
Authors: Ingold Nathan , Amin Hasnat A , Drenos Fotios 
Published: July 2019

ABSTACTAlcohol intake and the risk of various types of cancers have been previously correlated. Correlation though does not always mean that a causal relationship between the two is present. Excessive alcohol consumption is also correlated with other lifestyle factors and behaviours, such as smoking and increased adiposity, that also affect the risk of cancer and make the identification and estimation of the causal effect of alcohol on cancer difficult. Here, using individual level data for 322,193 individuals from the UK Biobank, we report the observational and causal effects of alcohol consumption on types of cancer previously suggested as correlated to alcohol. Alcohol was observationally associated with cancers of the lower digestive system, head and neck and breast cancer. No associations were observed when we considered those keeping alcohol consumption below the recommended threshold of 14 units/week. When Mendelian randomisation was used to assess the causal effect of alcohol on cancer, we found that increasing alcohol consumption, especially above the recommended level, was causal to head and neck cancers but not breast cancer. Our results where replicated using a two sample MR method and data from the much larger COGS genome wide analysis of breast cancer. We conclude that alcohol is causally related to head and neck cancers, especially cancer of larynx, but the observed association with breast cancer are likely due to confounding. The suggested threshold of 14 units/week appears suitable to manage the risk of cancer due to alcohol.
The Human Leukocyte Antigen Locus and Susceptibility to Rheumatic Heart Disease in South Asians and Europeans
Authors: Auckland Kathryn , Mittal Balraj , Cairns Benjamin J , Garg Naveen , Kumar Surendra , Mentzer Alexander J , Kado Joseph , Perman Mai Ling , Steer Andrew C , Hill Adrian V S , Parks Tom 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundRheumatic heart disease (RHD) remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality globally. Several reports have linked the disease to the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) locus but with negligible consistency.MethodsWe undertook a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of susceptibility to RHD in 1163 South Asians (672 cases; 491 controls) recruited in India and Fiji. We analysed directly obtained and imputed genotypes, and followed-up associated loci in 1459 Europeans (150 cases; 1309 controls) from the UK Biobank study. For fine-mapping, we used HLA imputation to define classical alleles and amino acid polymorphisms.ResultsA single signal situated in the HLA class III region reached genome-wide significance in the South Asians, and replicated in the Europeans (rs201026476; combined odds ratio 1.81, 95% confidence intervals 1.51-2.18, P=3.48×10−10). While the signal fine-mapped to specific amino acid polymorphisms within HLA-DQB1 and HLA-B, with conditioning, the lead class III variant remained associated with susceptibility (P=3.34×10−4), suggesting an independent effect.ConclusionsA complex HLA signal, likely comprising at least two underlying causal variants, strongly associates with susceptibility to RHD in South Asians and Europeans. Crucially, the involvement of the class III region may partly explain the previous inconsistency, while offering important new insight into pathogenesis.
Novel truncating mutations inCTNND1cause a dominant craniofacial and cardiac syndrome
Authors: Alharatani Reham , Ververi Athina , Beleza-Meireles Ana , Ji Weizhen , Mis Emily , Patterson Quinten T. , Griffin John N. , Bhujel Nabina , Chang Caitlin A. , Dixit Abhijit , Konstantino Monica , Healy Christopher , Hannan Sumayyah , Neo Natsuko , Cash Alex , Li Dong , Bhoj Elizabeth , Zackai Elaine H. , Cleaver Ruth , Baralle Diana , McEntagart Meriel , Newbury-Ecob Ruth , Scott Richard , Hurst Jane A. , Billie Au Ping Yee , Hosey Marie Therese , Khokha Mustafa , Marciano Denise K. , Lakhani Saquib A. , Liu Karen J. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract:CTNND1encodes the p120-catenin (p120) protein, which has a wide range of functions, including the maintenance of cell-cell junctions, regulation of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition and transcriptional signaling. Due to advances in next generation sequencing,CTNND1has been implicated in human diseases including cleft palate and blepharocheilodontic syndrome (BCD) albeit only recently. In this study, we identify eight novel protein-truncating variants, sixde novo,in thirteen participants presenting with craniofacial dysmorphisms including cleft palate and hypodontia, as well as congenital cardiac anomalies, limb dysmorphologies and neurodevelopmental disorders. Using conditional deletions in mice as well as CRISPR/Cas9 approaches to targetCTNND1inXenopus, we identified a subset of phenotypes that can be linked to p120-catenin in epithelial integrity and turnover, and additional phenotypes that suggest mesenchymal roles ofCTNND1.We propose thatCTNND1variants have a wider developmental role than previously described, and that variations in this gene underlie not only cleft palate and BCD but may be expanded to a broader velocardiofacial-like syndrome.
Robust generation of erythroid and multilineage hematopoietic progenitors from human iPSCs using a scalable monolayer culture system
Authors: Ruiz Juan Pablo , Chen Guibin , Haro Mora Juan Jesus , Keyvanfar Keyvan , Liu Chengyu , Zou Jizhong , Beers Jeanette , Bloomer Hanan , Qanash Husam , Uchida Naoya , Tisdale John F. , Boehm Manfred , Larochelle Andre 
Published: July 2019

AbstractOne of the most promising objectives of clinical hematology is to derive engraftable autologous hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) from human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Progress in translating iPSC technologies to the clinic relies on the availability of scalable differentiation methodologies. In this study, human iPSCs were differentiated for 21 days using STEMdiff™, a monolayer-based approach for hematopoietic differentiation of human iPSCs that requires no replating, co-culture or embryoid body formation. Both monolayer and suspension cells were functionally characterized throughout differentiation. In the supernatant fraction, an early transient population of primitive CD235a+ erythroid cells first emerged, followed by hematopoietic progenitors with multilineage differentiation activity in vitro but no long-term engraftment potential in vivo. In later stages of differentiation, a nearly exclusive production of definitive erythroid progenitors was observed. In the adherent monolayer, we identified a prevalent population of mesenchymal stromal cells and limited arterial vascular endothelium (VE), suggesting that the cellular constitution of the monolayer may be inadequate to support the generation of HSCs with durable repopulating potential. Quantitative modulation of WNT/β-catenin and activin/nodal/TGFβ signaling pathways with CHIR/SB molecules during differentiation enhanced formation of arterial VE, definitive multilineage and erythroid progenitors, but was insufficient to orchestrate the generation of engrafting HSCs. Overall, STEMdiff™ provides a clinically-relevant and readily adaptable platform for the generation of erythroid and multilineage hematopoietic progenitors from human pluripotent stem cells.HighlightsRobust, scalable and clinically-relevant monolayer-based culture system for hematopoietic differentiation of human iPSCs.Successive emergence of primitive erythroid cells, definitive multilineage HSPCs and erythroid progenitors in the culture supernatant.Abundant mesenchymal cells and limited arterial vascular endothelium in the culture monolayer.CHIR/SB molecules increase arterial vascular endothelium formation, suppress primitive hematopoiesis and promote definitive multilineage and erythroid progenitors.
Paralog buffering contributes to the variable essentiality of genes in cancer cell lines
Authors: De Kegel Barbara , Ryan Colm J. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractWhat makes a gene essential for cellular survival? In model organisms, such as budding yeast, systematic gene deletion studies have revealed that paralog genes are less likely to be essential than singleton genes and that this can partially be attributed to the ability of paralogs to buffer each other’s loss. However, the essentiality of a gene is not a fixed property and can vary significantly across different genetic backgrounds. It is unclear to what extent paralogs contribute to this variation, as most studies have analyzed genes identified as essential in a single genetic background. Here, using gene essentiality profiles of 558 genetically heterogeneous tumor cell lines, we analyze the contribution of paralogy to variable essentiality. We find that, compared to singleton genes, paralogs are less frequently essential and that this is more evident when considering genes with multiple paralogs or with highly sequence similar paralogs. We determine that paralogs derived from whole genome duplication exhibit more variable essentiality than those derived from small-scale duplications. We estimate that in 13-17% of cases the variable essentiality of paralogs can be attributed to buffering relationships between paralog pairs, as evidenced by synthetic lethality. Paralog pairs derived from whole genome duplication and pairs that function in protein complexes are significantly more likely to display such synthetic lethal relationships. Overall we find that many of the observations made using a single strain of budding yeast can be extended to understand patterns of essentiality in genetically heterogeneous cancer cell lines.
Specialization of theDrosophilanuclear export family protein, Nxf3, for piRNA precursor export
Authors: Kneuss Emma , Munafò Marzia , Eastwood Evelyn L. , Deumer Undine-Sophie , Preall Jonathan B. , Hannon Gregory J. , Czech Benjamin 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe piRNA pathway is a conserved, small RNA-based immune system that protects animal germ cell genomes from the harmful effects of transposon mobilisation. InDrosophilaovaries, most piRNAs originate from dual-strand clusters, which generate piRNAs from both genomic strands. Dual-strand clusters use non-canonical transcription mechanisms. Although transcribed by RNA polymerase II, cluster transcripts lack splicing signatures and poly(A) tails. mRNA processing is important for general mRNA export mediated by Nuclear export factor 1. Although UAP56, a component of the transcription and export complex, has been implicated in piRNA precursor export, it remains unknown how dual-strand cluster transcripts are specifically targeted for piRNA biogenesis by export from the nucleus to cytoplasmic processing centers. Here we report that dual-strand cluster transcript export requires CG13741/Bootlegger and theDrosophilaNuclear export factor family protein, Nxf3. Bootlegger is specifically recruited to piRNA clusters and in turn brings Nxf3. We find that Nxf3 specifically binds to piRNA precursors and is essential for their export to piRNA biogenesis sites, a process that is critical for germline transposon silencing. Our data shed light on how dual-strand clusters compensate for a lack of canonical features of mature mRNAs to be specifically exported via Nxf3, ensuring proper piRNA production.
An acute session of motor imagery training induces use-dependent plasticity
Authors: Ruffino Célia , Gaveau Jérémie , Papaxanthis Charalambos , Lebon Florent 
Published: July 2019

AbstractMotor imagery, defined as the mental representation of an action without movement-related sensory inputs, is a well-known intervention to improve motor performance. In the current study, we tested whether use-dependent plasticity, a mechanism underlying motor learning, could be induced by an acute session of motor imagery. By means of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) over the left primary motor cortex, we evoked isolated thumb movements in the right hand and assessed corticospinal excitability in the flexor and extensor pollicis brevis muscles. We measured the mean TMS-induced movement direction before and after an acute session of motor imagery practice. In a first experiment, participants of the imagery group were instructed to repeatedly imagine their thumb moving in a direction deviated by 90° from the pre-test movement. This group, but not the control group, deviated the post-training TMS-induced movements toward the training target direction (+44° ±62° and −1° ±23°, respectively). Interestingly, the deviation magnitude was driven by the corticospinal excitability increase in the agonist muscle. In a second experiment, we found that post-training TMS-induced movements were proportionally deviated toward the trained direction and returned to baseline 30 minutes after the motor imagery training. These findings suggest that motor imagery induces use-dependent plasticity and, this neural process is accompanied by corticospinal excitability increase in the agonist muscle.