bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kazinol U inhibits melanogenesis through the inhibition of tyrosinase‐related proteins via AMP kinase activation
Authors: Lim Jihyun , Nam Sorim , Jeong Ji Hye , Kim Min Jung , Yang Young , Lee Myeong‐Sok , Lee Hee Gu , Ryu Jae‐Ha , Lim Jong‐Seok 
Published: December 2018

Background and PurposeKazinol U is a prenylated flavan isolated from an extract of Broussonetia kazinoki Sieb (Moraceae). Kazinol U has shown cytoprotective effects against cytokine‐induced apoptotic cell death and induces AMP kinase (AMPK) activation through LKB1 activation. However, kazinol U has not been tested as a regulator of melanogenesis, although bark extract of B. kazinoki has been used as a cosmetic ingredient for skin conditioning.Experimental ApproachWe cultured mouse, human melanoma cells and normal human melanocytes to demonstrate anti‐melanogenic effects of kazinol U. A tyrosinase activity assay, Western blot, RT‐qPCR and a luciferase reporter gene assay were performed to determine the anti‐melanogenic mechanisms of kazinol U. We confirmed its effect on melanogenesis in vivo using zebrafish.Key ResultsKazinol U inhibited the expression and activity of tyrosinase, the rate‐limiting enzyme in melanogenesis, and reduced tyrosinase expression and activity in response to cAMP‐inducing agents. Kazinol U reduced the expression of other melanogenic enzymes, such as tyrosinase‐related protein (Tyrp) 1 and Tyrp2, and down‐regulated microphthalmia‐associated transcription factor (MITF), the master regulator of the tyrosinase gene family. Moreover, kazinol U induced phosphorylation of AMPK and MAPK proteins, which are MITF inhibitors. It also exhibited anti‐melanogenic effects in zebrafish, a recently developed in vivo model.Conclusions and ImplicationsOur findings suggest that kazinol U reduces melanogenesis via its inhibitory effect on MITF and its downstream target genes, tyrosinase, Tyrp1 and Tyrp2. This work may provide a basis for the application of kazinol U for the treatment of hyperpigmentation skin disorders.
Provenance analysis of detrital monazite, zircon and Cr‐spinel in the northern Tibetan Plateau: Implications for the Paleozoic tectonothermal history of the Altyn Tagh and Qimen Tagh Ranges
Authors: Zhu Wen , Wu Chaodong , Wang Jialin , Zhou Tianqi 
Published: December 2018

AbstractSediment provenance studies have proven to be an effective method to extract the sediment provenance and tectonic process information recorded by detrital minerals. In this contribution, we conducted detrital monazite and zircon U‐Pb geochronology and detrital Cr‐spinel major element chemistry analyses on samples from the Qaidam Basin to reconstruct the spatial and temporal evolution of the Altyn Tagh Range and the Qimen Tagh Range in the northern Tibetan Plateau. Based on the significant variation in [Th/U]N, [Gd/Lu]N and [Eu/Eu*]N and the U‐Pb ages of the monazite and zircon, the South Altyn Tagh subduction‐collision belt and the North Qimen Tagh Range were, respectively, the main provenances of the Ganchaigou section and the Dongchaishan‐Weitai section in the Qaidam Basin in the Cenozoic. Paleozoic peak metamorphism, retrograde granulite‐facies metamorphism and amphibolite‐facies metamorphism in the South Altyn Tagh subduction‐collision belt were well recorded by the detrital monazite. In comparison, the detrital zircon is a better indicator of igneous events than detrital monazite. Synthesizing the detrital monazite, zircon and Cr‐spinel data, we concluded that the South Altyn Tagh Ocean and Qimen Tagh Ocean existed in the early Paleozoic and that the Altyn Tagh terrane and Qimen Tagh terrane experienced different Paleozoic tectonothermal histories. The collision between the Qaidam terrane and the Azhong terrane occurred at ca. 500 Ma. The Middle Ordovician was the key period of transformation from the collision‐induced compressional environment to an extensional environment in the area of the South Altyn Tagh Range. In the early Paleozoic, the Qimen Tagh area was characterized by the subduction of oceanic crust.
Comparison of heat generation between guided and conventional implant surgery for single and sequential drilling protocols—An in vitro study
Authors: Frösch Leonie , Mukaddam Khaled , Filippi Andreas , Zitzmann Nicola U. , Kühl Sebastian 
Published: December 2018

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of this in vitro study was to compare the heat generation during guided osteotomy preparation (GOP) with that of a conventional approach (CA) for a single and sequential drilling protocol.MethodsTemperature measurements were performed during standardized osteotomy preparations in polyurethane foam blocks with an infrared camera. The four groups included single and sequential drilling with and without the use of a surgical guide. In the first group (single CA) and the second group (single GOP), only the final drills diameters were applied once. In the third group (sequential CA) and the fourth group (sequential GOP), two to four drills with increasing diameters were applied. Guided and conventional as well as single and sequential drilling were compared using a one‐way ANOVA with Tukey post hoc test. The level of statistical significance was set at α = 0.05.ResultsGuided osteotomy preparation showed statistically significant higher temperatures than CA for the 2.2 mm, the 3.5 mm, and the 4.2 mm drill (p = 0.032, p = 0.005 and p < 0.001, respectively). Sequential drilling led to higher heat generation and longer duration of latent heat than single drilling. For all drilling procedures, the duration of heat exposure over critical temperature was less than 1 min, except for the sequential GOP drilling protocol with the 4.2 mm drill (76 s).ConclusionsGuided drilling requires specific attention to heat development. When guided implant surgery is performed, a single drilling procedure could alleviate heat production compared to a sequential procedure.
Synchronous colorectal carcinoma: predisposing factors and characteristics
Authors: Chin C.‐C. , Kuo Y.‐H. , Chiang J.‐M. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAimWhether some diseases are related to the occurrence of synchronous colorectal carcinoma (sCRC) is unknown. Investigating the risk factors and presentation of sCRC could aid in the treatment of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). The prognosis of sCRC compared with that of solitary CRC remains unclear.MethodsA total of 17 093 CRC patients were recruited between 1st January 1995 and 31th December 2016. The risk factors of sCRC development were assessed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression. The effect of sCRC on survival was analysed using the multivariate Cox regression model.ResultsThe prevalence of sCRC was 5.6% in this study. The independent risk factors of sCRC development were advanced age (P < 0.001), male sex (P < 0.001), hereditary cancer (P < 0.001), hypertension (P < 0.001) and liver cirrhosis (P = 0.024). Compared with solitary CRC, a higher number of patients with sCRC presented with an abnormal carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) level (P = 0.011), anaemia (P < 0.001) and hypoalbuminemia (P < 0.001). Multivariate analysis revealed that sCRC was a significant factor for poor survival in patients at TNM Stage I [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.86; P < 0.001], Stage II (HR = 1.65; P < 0.001) and Stage III (HR = 1.40; P < 0.001).ConclusionsIn addition to hypertension and liver cirrhosis, other risk factors for sCRC were identified in this study. The prognosis of patients with sCRC was significantly worse than that of those with solitary CRC through TNM Stages I to III. Anaemia, abnormal CEA and hypoalbuminemia were more commonly seen in patients with sCRC.
Is there any role for thoracoscopy in the diagnosis of benign pleural effusions
Authors: Anevlavis Stavros , Varga Csaba , Nam Tse Hoi , Man Raymond Wong Chun , Demetriou Artemios , Jain Nitin , Lanfranco Anthony , Froudarakis Marios E. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThoracoscopy in the endoscopy suite, has a high diagnostic yield of undiagnosed pleural effusions with minimal and mild complications. Whereas relatively minimal invasive techniques, such as thoracentesis, image‐guided pleural biopsy or blind pleural biopsy, can yield sufficient cell or tissue material to establish the diagnosis of the underlying condition, more definite invasive diagnostic and therapeutic procedure, such as thoracoscopy, may be required for accurate sampling and diagnosis, and further provide real‐time treatment options in same procedure. If thoracoscopy is considered the gold standard for the diagnosis is a fact in case. The current review aims to provide informations on thoracoscopy indications in benign pleural diseases according to up to date publications.
Molecular signatures and clinical outcomes of transplant glomerulopathy stratified by microvascular inflammation and donor‐specific antibody
Authors: Lubetzky Michelle , Hayde Nicole , Ó Broin Pilib , Ajaimy Maria , Bao Yi , Mohammed Omar , Schwartz Daniel , Pullman James , Akalin Enver 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBackgroundWe investigated clinical outcomes and molecular signatures of transplant glomerulopathy (TG) stratified by microvascular inflammation (MVI) and donor‐specific antibody (DSA) status.MethodsWe performed a retrospective review of 749 kidney transplant patients who received a for‐cause kidney biopsy from 2009 to 2014. We classified TG as MVI positive (MVI+) or MVI negative (MVI−), and with or without DSA. We obtained gene expression profiles for 44 biopsies by Affymetrix HuGene 1.0 ST expression arrays.ResultsA total of 100 patients had TG; 49 were MVI+, and 51 were MVI−. After a median post‐biopsy follow‐up of 2.08 years (range 0.43‐4.59), Kaplan‐Meier survival analysis demonstrated worse allograft survival in MVI+ TG patients compared with MVI− TG patients (P = 0.01), and time to graft failure was significantly shorter in MVI+ patients (1.08 ± 1.01 years vs 2.3 ± 1.8 years; P = 0.002). DSA status did not affect graft survival within MVI+ or MVI− groups. Analysis of pathogenesis‐based transcripts (PBT) showed that MVI+ TG biopsies had increased expression of gamma interferon and rejection (GRIT) and DSA‐associated transcripts (DSAST), as observed in antibody‐mediated rejection. MVI− TG biopsies had increased expression of cytotoxic and regulatory T cell‐ and B cell‐associated transcripts but not GRIT or DSAST. DSA status had no effect on expression of any PBTs studied in MVI− TG biopsies.ConclusionsGraft survival in TG is significantly worse in the presence of MVI. Gene expression profiles of MVI+ TG resemble antibody‐mediated rejection while gene expression profiles of MVI− TG resemble cell‐mediated rejection regardless of DSA status.
Policy strategies for economic development in Cuba: A simulation model analysis
Authors: Castellacci Fulvio , Dizyee Kanar 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe economic reforms implemented in Cuba since 2008 do not adequately deal with the structural issues that hamper the country's economic development. The article presents a system dynamics model to investigate Cuba's development process, and a simulation analysis to compare different policy scenarios that may be realized in the future as economic reforms will continue. The results indicate that the most effective development policy would be to combine active public policies to enhance the research and development sector on the one hand, and to foster the emergence of an efficient private sector that will develop the capital infrastructure of the economy on the other.
Haploidentical transplantation using low‐dose alemtuzumab: Comparison with haploidentical transplantation using low‐dose thymoglobulin
Authors: Kako Shinichi , Gomyo Ayumi , Akahoshi Yu , Harada Naonori , Kameda Kazuaki , Ugai Tomotaka , Wada Hidenori , Ishihara Yuko , Kawamura Koji , Sakamoto Kana , Sato Miki , Terasako‐Saito Kiriko , Kimura Shun‐ichi , Kikuchi Misato , Nakasone Hideki , Kanda Junya , Kanda Yoshinobu 
Published: December 2018

AbstractObjectivesTo establish the optimal strategy for haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT).MethodsWe performed a prospective study on haploidentical HSCT using low‐dose alemtuzumab. Alemtuzumab was added at 0.25 mg/kg for 2 days. The primary outcome measure was the survival rate with the engraftment of donor cells and without grade III‐IV acute graft‐vs‐host disease (GVHD) at 60 days after transplantation.ResultsFourteen adult patients with advanced hematological disease were enrolled. The primary outcome measure was achieved in 86% of the patients. Six patients experienced relapse/progression. Non‐relapse death was observed in three patients, and all of them had a history of previous allogeneic HSCT. Overall survival and progression‐free survival rates at 1 year were 51% and 43%, respectively. Four patients were suspected to have herpes simplex virus infection and three had aseptic meningitis under the use of acyclovir at 200 mg. There were no deaths due to viral infection. Compared to those who underwent haploidentical HSCT using thymoglobulin, patients with alemtuzumab showed a slower recovery of CD8+ T‐cells and lower incidences of GVHD and EB virus reactivation.ConclusionsHaploidentical HSCT using low‐dose alemtuzumab can be performed safely. We need to overcome the high relapse/progression rate in non‐remission patients.
Interaction of increasing ICU survival and admittance policies in patients with hematologic neoplasms: A single center experience with 304 patients
Authors: Kondakci Mustafa , Reinbach Marc C. , Germing Ulrich , Kobbe Guido , Fenk Roland , Schroeder Thomas , Quader Jasmin , Zeus Tobias , Rassaf Tienush , Haas Rainer 
Published: December 2018

AbstractObjectiveWe evaluated the development of ICU survival of patients with hematopoietic malignancies and discussed changes in admittance policies.MethodWe compared 166 patients treated between 2009 and 2012 with 138 patients treated between 2013 and 2016. Patient characteristics and outcome were analyzed.ResultsICU survival was 45.2% in the first group and 66.7% in the second (P < 0.0005). Infection (P = 0.033), invasive ventilation (IMV) (P = 0.014) and SOFA score at day 3 (SOFA‐48h) (P = 0.007) independently indicated worse ICU survival in the first group, IMV (P = 0.013) and SOFA‐48h (P = 0.019) in the second group. The second group showed lower frequencies of infection (P = 0.003), IMV (P < 0.0005), need for vasopressors (P < 0.0005) and RRT (P = 0.021) at ICU admittance than the first. Further, the accumulation of hyperkaliemia, acidosis, low bicarbonate, high lactate and hypotension showed worse ICU survival in both groups and was lower in second group.ConclusionICU survival increased distinctly between 2009 and 2016. At ICU admittance, parameters showing severity of illness were less frequent in the second group. Our findings indicate general treatment improvements especially of infections and changes of admittance policies toward early ICU admittance during time.
Topic search filters: a systematic scoping review
Authors: Damarell Raechel A. , May Nikki , Hammond Sue , Sladek Ruth M. , Tieman Jennifer J. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBackgroundSearching for topics within large biomedical databases can be challenging, especially when topics are complex, diffuse, emerging or lack definitional clarity. Experimentally derived topic search filters offer a reliable solution to effective retrieval; however, their number and range of subject foci remain unknown.ObjectivesThis systematic scoping review aims to identify and describe available experimentally developed topic search filters.MethodsReports on topic search filter development (1990‐) were sought using grey literature sources and 15 databases. Reports describing the conception and prospective development of a database‐specific topic search and including an objectively measured estimate of its performance (‘sensitivity’) were included.ResultsFifty‐four reports met inclusion criteria. Data were extracted and thematically synthesised to describe the characteristics of 58 topic search filters.DiscussionTopic search filters are proliferating and cover a wide range of subjects. Filter reports, however, often lack clear definitions of concepts and topic scope to guide users. Without standardised terminology, filters are challenging to find. Information specialists may benefit from a centralised topic filter repository and appraisal checklists to facilitate quality assessment.ConclusionFindings will help information specialists identify existing topic search filters and assist filter developers to build on current knowledge in the field.
Strengthen adhesion between zirconia and resin cement using different surface modifications
Authors: Akay Canan , Çakırbay Tanış Merve , Şen Murat , Akkaş Kavaklı Pınar 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe aim of this research was to assess the influence of different surface modifications on the bond strength between resin cement and zirconia ceramics. Eighty‐four zirconium samples were prepared. Four different surface treatments were applied; nano‐alumina coating, 2 minutes gas‐phase fluorination, 50 μm alumina airborne‐particle abrasion, and 50 μm airborne‐particle abrasion + 2 minutes gas‐phase fluorination. Then specimens were bonded to resin cement. Half of the samples were then incubated in 37°C distilled water for 24 hours. The remaining samples were subjected to thermocycling for 5000 cycles. Shear‐bond strength testing was applied at a cross head speed of 5 mm/s. Two‐way ANOVA was used in comparison between groups. There is a significant difference between the groups with 5000 cycles and the groups with 24 hours of water cycling. The highest shear‐bond strength values were observed in the groups with airborne‐particle abrasion + 2 minutes fluorination (27.57 MPa) and nano‐alumina coating (26.45 MPa) which were not subjected to thermal cycling. Nano‐alumina coating of the zirconia surface and the 2 minutes gas‐phase fluorination method following airborne‐particle abrasion process increased bond strength between resin cement and zirconia.
Analytical strategies to identify and quantify organic admixtures in functionalized mineral model systems
Authors: Hahn Dominik , Sax Almuth , Quirmbach Peter , Faure Jean‐Michel , Benyahia Kamel , Wöhrmeyer Christoph , Parr Chris 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThis study describes an analytical approach to identify and quantify organic admixtures, which are increasingly being used in multifunctional additive systems, such as calcium aluminate cement‐based dry mix formulations. The investigations refer to a wide range of established organic admixtures used in high performance industrial concrete applications, such as flow agents, retarders, or organic plasticizers, which are added in dosages of up to 5% (to the mass of cement). Based on specific considerations, a consistent approach was outlined by combining the output of complementary analytical techniques. These analytical methods included Thermogravimetric Analysis and Differential Scanning Calorimetry coupled with Mass Spectrometry, in combination with Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and Morphologically Directed Raman Spectroscopy, as well as Total Carbon Analysis. Within the scope of the aforementioned studies, the applied methods were validated for stringent detection limits (LOD < 0.05%) and precision demands (SD 1% to 7% with R2 > 0.99).
The effects of extruded black rice flour on rheological and structural properties of wheat‐based dough and bread quality
Authors: Ma Jie , Kaori Fujita , Ma Lei , Gao Mengnan , Dong Chunxia , Wang Jiamin , Luan Guangzhong 
Published: December 2018

SummaryAddition of raw black rice flour leads to deficient processability on bread making quality. One of the effective methods to modify the functional properties of black rice flour (BRF) composite dough is to extrude black rice flour (EBRF) before incorporation. This study investigated and compared the effect of BRF and EBRF addition level of 10%–50% on the rheology, microstructure of dough and bread quality. The rheological properties of composite dough were recorded by Mixolab, stress relaxation and tensile test. The substitution of EBRF presented higher water absorption but lower development time, protein weakening, starch gelatinization, starch gel stability and starch retrogradation than wheat flour dough. Both the BRF and EBRF dough presented solid‐like behaviour, while the EBRF dough showed more viscous, higher resistance and extensibility than BRF dough. The dough microstructure of dough was observed by SEM, and a more compact structure of EBRF dough could be seen than BRF dough. The incorporation of EBRF in bread quality presented higher specific volume, lower bake loss and firmness than BRF bread. These findings indicated the potential utilisation value of extruded black rice flour in bread making.
Delactosed permeate as a dairy processing co‐product with major potential value: a review
Authors: Oliveira Diana , Puri Ritika , Fenelon Mark A. , O'Mahony James A. 
Published: December 2018

SummaryDelactosed permeate (DLP) is the co‐product generated during the separation of pre‐crystallised lactose from milk and whey permeates. DLP production has grown with the increased production of high protein content ingredients such as whey protein concentrates and isolates. Although DLP is nutritionally rich, with approximately 0.5–1.5, 68–70, 9–10 and 8–9 g/100 g dry matter of protein, total sugars, total mineral and organic acids, respectively, it is still currently underutilised, mostly for animal feed or energy production. There are a number of novel, promising and sustainable DLP‐derived food and non‐food applications which are the subject of current research. Therefore, there exists the opportunity to exploit this dairy co‐product in the development of new value‐added ingredients. In this comprehensive review, DLP production, processing challenges and potential applications are discussed, along with identification and assessment of selected strategies for the valorisation of DLP.
Effects of aleurone‐rich fraction on the hydration and rheological properties attributes of wheat dough
Authors: Li Xiaoya , Hu Honghai , Xu Fen , Liu Zhengquan , Zhang Liang , Zhang Hong 
Published: December 2018

SummaryThis study aimed to evaluate the effects of incorporation of aleurone‐rich fraction (ALF) on the hydration and rheological properties of wheat dough. Incorporation of ALF significantly increased water absorption (P < 0.05) and competition for water in dough was observed. Peak viscosity, through viscosity, and final viscosity decreased with the amount of ALF added (P < 0.05), whereas 20% ALF had stronger gel ability than whole‐wheat flour. Dynamic rheological experiments revealed ALF blend dough were more stable than whole‐wheat dough, which was in accord with the higher dough stability and strength observed in Mixolab. Scanning electron microscopy showed that disruption of gluten network with ALF incorporation, whereas 20% ALF showed better stability dough structure than the whole‐wheat dough. Considering those influences on dough properties, the 20% ALF seems to be a promising substitute for whole‐wheat flour to producing dietary fibre‐rich products.