bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
POSSIBILIDADES E DESAFIOS PARA UMA (CIBER)DEMOCRACIA MUNDIAL
Authors: Hoffmam Fernando 
Published: October 2018

O presente artigo tem como escopo a partir da ligação entre os processos de internacionalização do direito, de constituição de uma sociedade civil mundial e de uma cidadania comum, determinar a construção de uma (ciber)democracia comum-mundial. Para tanto, compõe-se essa possibilidade tendo como ponto de partida o surgimento do comum enquanto subjetividade cooperativa e solidária, fundamentada na garantia e concretização dos direitos humanos e fundamentais enquanto direitos da humanidade. ont-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";	mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;	mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;	mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;	mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;	mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";	mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;	mso-fareast-language:EN-US;} Mestre e Doutorando em Direito Público pela Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos (UNISINOS); Bolsista PROEX/CAPES; Membro do Grupo de Pesquisa Estado e Constituição e da Rede Interinstitucional de Pesquisa Estado e Constituição, vinculado à UNISINOS e ao CNPQ; Professor Titular do Curso de Direito da Universidade Regional Integrada do Alto Uruguai e das Missões (URI/ Câmpus Santiago); Membro do Grupo de Pesquisa Direito, Justiça e Cidadania, vinculado à URI e ao CNPQ; Especialista em Direito: Temas Emergentes em Novas Tecnologias da Informação e Bacharel em Direito pelo Centro Universitário Franciscano (UNIFRA).
A SOLUÇÃO CONSENSUAL DE CONFLITOS E A ATUAL VISÃO DO OPERADOR DO DIREITO: NOVOS DESAFIOS DO ENSINO JURÍDICO COM REFLEXOS PARA UMA SOCIEDADE MAIS JUSTA
Authors: Silva Lucas Gonçalves da , Vitale Carla Maria Franco Lameira , Silva Luciana Aboim Machado Gonçalves da 
Published: October 2018

Os métodos autocompositivos consagram-se como os mais adequadospara resolução de conflitos, por privilegiarem a participação dosenvolvidos na construção da solução.Seu estudo ganha relevo como matéria interdisciplinar, já que abrange aspectos que vão além do campo jurídico. Contudo, é no ensino jurídico que o conflito passa a ser amplamente trabalhado, e o operador do Direito é direcionado a resolvê-lo com base nos fatos e na lei, como forma de promoção de justiça. Nesse contexto, pretende-se analisar os desafios atuais a serem enfrentados pelos acadêmicos de Direito e em que circunstâncias a metodologia de ensino pode contribuir para a formação de uma sociedade mais justa, em detrimento da atual cultura demandista.
Lifestyle changes associated with osteopathic medical education
Authors: Hudgins Patricia M. , Crapse Fred J. , Baker Helen H. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
A written survey of second-year osteopathic medical students at West Virginia School of Osteopathic Medicine was conducted to determine if detrimental lifestyle changes had occurred in the first 15 months of their medical education. Fifty-two (790/0) of the 66 students returned the survey. The large majority of the responders (96%) reported a detrimental alteration in at least one area, and 81%, in two or more of the four areas surveyed. Changes in eating patterns were indicated by 79% of responding students. Increases in caffeinated beverage consumption were reported by 71% of respondents, and decreases in activity level, by 78%. Weight gains were indicated by 64% of respondents. Entering students should be advised of the risk that detrimental lifestyle changes may occur during their osteopathic medical . education and be encouraged to prevent these harmful changes.
Dynamic Covalent Self‐Assembly Based on Oxime Condensation
Authors: Shen Libo , Cao Ning , Tong Lu , Zhang Xinjiang , Wu Guangcheng , Jiao Tianyu , Yin Qi , Zhu Jiaqi , Pan Yuanjiang , Li Hao 
Published: October 2018

AbstractOxime, whose dynamic nature was reported to be switchable between ON/OFF by tuning the acidity, is employed in a novel type of dynamic covalent approach that is amenable to use in water for self‐assembly of purely organic molecules with complex topology. In strongly acidic conditions, the dynamic nature of oxime is turned ON, allowing occurrence of error‐checking and therefore a catenane and a macrocycle self‐assembled in high yields. In neutral conditions, oxime ceases to be dynamic, which helps to trap the self‐assembled products even when the driving forces of their formation are removed. We envision that this switchable behaviour might help, at least partially, to resolve a commonly encountered drawback of dynamic covalent chemistry, namely that the intrinsic stability of the self‐assembled products containing dynamic bonds, such as imine or hydrazone, are often jeopardized by their reversible nature.
Engineered mesoporous ionic‐modified γ‐Fe2O3@hydroxyapatite decorated with palladium nanoparticles and its catalytic properties in water
Authors: Pashaei Mokhtar , Mehdipour Ebrahim , Azaroon Maedeh 
Published: October 2018

A new mesoporous organic–inorganic nanocomposite was formulated and then used as stabilizer and support for the preparation of palladium nanoparticles (Pd NPs). The properties and structure of Pd NPs immobilized on prepared 1,4‐diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (DABCO) chemically tagged on mesoporous γ‐Fe2O3@hydroxyapatite (ionic modified (IM)‐MHA) were investigated using various techniques. The synergistic effects of the combined properties of MHA, DABCO and Pd NPs, and catalytic activity of γ‐Fe2O3@hydroxyapatite‐DABCO‐Pd (IM‐MHA‐Pd) were investigated for the Heck cross‐coupling reaction in aqueous media. The appropriate surface area and pore size of mesoporous IM‐MHA nanocomposite can provide a favourable hard template for immobilization of Pd NPs. The loading level of Pd in the nanocatalyst was 0.51 mmol g−1. DABCO bonded to the MHA surface acts as a Pd NP stabilizer and can also lead to colloidal stability of the nanocomposite in aqueous solution. The results reveal that IM‐MHA‐Pd is highly efficient for coupling reactions of a wide range of aryl halides with olefins under green conditions. The superparamagnetic nature of the nanocomposite means that the catalyst to be easily separated from solution through magnetic decantation, and the catalytic activity of the recycled IM‐MHA‐Pd showed almost no appreciable loss even after six consecutive runs.
Effect of gas–liquid ratio on the wall shear stress in slug flow in capillary membranes
Authors: Kumari Sadhana , Kumar Nilay , Gupta Raghvendra 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe membrane processes generally suffer from the fouling caused by the deposits at the membrane surface and membrane pores. In recent years, gas–liquid flow has been shown to be an effective method of membrane fouling prevention. Among the different flow regimes that occur during gas–liquid flow through membrane capillaries, slug flow has been observed to be the most effective for enhancement of permeate flux. The shearing caused by the fluid on the membrane wall is the primary factor causing fouling removal. Previous studies in the slug flow regime suggest that the major contribution to the wall shear stress comes from the bubble front and rear regions and the contribution from the constant film thickness region in the middle is negligible. Therefore, the average wall shear stress in the slug flow regime is dependent on the bubble length. In this work, two‐phase gas–liquid flow in a capillary has been modeled computationally to understand the effect of bubble length on the wall shear stress. Further, the effect of liquid viscosity on the wall shear stress has also been studied for capillary numbers ranging from 0.0037 to 0.098. The volume‐of‐fluid method has been employed to capture the gas–liquid interface between the two phases. The results have been compared with a simple phenomenological model for wall shear stress available in literature and found to be in good agreement for long Taylor bubbles.
Long‐Term Operation of Perovskite‐Catalyzed Bifunctional Air Electrodes in Rechargeable Zinc‐Air Flow Batteries
Authors: Pichler Birgit , Mayer Kurt , Hacker Viktor 
Published: October 2018

AbstractRechargeable zinc‐air flow batteries are investigated as promising stationary energy storage system due to compact system design and low cost materials. Bifunctional air electrodes employing a La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3 perovskite catalyst for O2‐reduction and O2‐evolution are manufactured in small scale (4 cm2) and in up‐scaled sizes (50–55 cm2) and tested in unit cell configuration with flowing electrolyte. Stable operation of 1000 h is achieved in the small set‐up with an overall 1800 h of operation over 700 cycles at high voltage efficiencies of >50 % (air electrode) at 50 mA cm−2. The up‐scaled flow cell reaches nearly the same performance for 320 h and 130 h, respectively, proving the successful scale‐up. Slowly decreasing hydrophobicity is found to be the main reason of initially increasing but then decreasing performance. This is confirmed by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Although many problems are suppressed with flowing electrolyte, zinc morphology proves to be the major challenge especially in larger cells in long‐term operation of a few hundred hours.
Efflux excretion of bisdemethoxycurcumin‐O‐glucuronide in UGT1A1‐overexpressing HeLa cells: Identification of breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) and multidrug resistance‐associated proteins 1 (MRP1) as the glucuronide transporters
Authors: Yang Jing , Zhang Beibei , Qin Zifei , Li Shishi , Xu Jinjin , Yao Zhihong , Zhang Xiaojian , Gonzalez Frank J , Yao Xinsheng 
Published: October 2018

AbstractBisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC) was a natural curcuminoid with many bioactivities present in turmeric (Curcuma longa L.). However, the disposition mechanisms of BDMC via uridine 5′‐diphospho‐glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) metabolism still remain unclear. Therefore, we aimed to determine the potential efflux transporters for the excretion of BDMC‐O‐glucuronide. Herein, chemical inhibition assays (Ko143, MK571, dipyridamole, and leukotriene C4) and biological inhibition experiments including stable knocked‐down of breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP), multidrug resistance‐associated proteins (MRPs) transporters were both performed in a HeLa cell line stably overexpressing UGT1A1 established previously. The results indicated that Ko143 (5 and 20 μM) caused a marked reduction in excretion rate (18.4–55.6%) and elevation of intracellular BDMC‐O‐glucuronide (28.8–48.1%), whereas MK‐571 (5 and 20 μM) resulted in a significant decrease in excretion rate (6.2–61.6%) and increase of intracellular BDMC‐O‐glucuronide (maximal 27.1–32.6%). Furthermore, shRNA‐mediated silencing of BCRP transporter led to a marked reduction in the excretion rate (21.1–36.9%) and an obvious elevation of intracellular glucuronide (24.9%). Similar results were observed when MRP1 was partially silenced. In addition, MRP3 and MRP4 silencing both displayed no obvious changes on the excretion rate and intracellular levels of glucuronide. In conclusion, chemical inhibition and gene silencing results both indicated that generated BDMC‐O‐glucoside were excreted primarily by the BCRP and MRP1 transporters. © 2018 BioFactors, 44(6):558–569, 2018
Alteration in serum concentrations of FGF19, FGF21, and FGF23 in patients with urothelial carcinoma
Authors: Li Jian‐Ri , Chiu Kun‐Yuan , Ou Yen‐Chuan , Wang Shian‐Shiang , Chen Chuan‐Su , Yang Cheng‐Kuang , Ho Hao‐Chung , Cheng Chen‐Li , Yang Chi‐Rei , Chen Cheng‐Che , Wang Shu‐Chi , Lin Chia‐Yen , Hung Sheng‐Chun , Hsu Chiann‐Yi , Chen Chun‐Jung 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACTFibroblast growth factors (FGF) 19, 21, and 23 have been reported as functional factors in human metabolic diseases and malignancies. We performed a prospective survey to compare circulating FGF levels in urothelial carcinoma (UC) patients and normal controls. Between 2016 and 2017, 39 patients with UC of the urinary bladder or upper urinary tract who received surgical intervention were included. All the serum samples were obtained before surgeries. The control group included 28 healthy volunteers. Analysis of the circulating FGF19, 21, and 23 levels among all 67 subjects, as well as a subgroup analysis of the 39 UC patients were performed. The median levels of serum FGF19, 21, and 23 in the UC patients were 84.2, 505.3, and 117.6 pg/mL, respectively, which were statistically different from levels found in the healthy controls (P = 0.015, <0.001 and < 0.001, respectively). In the subgroup analysis, the FGF19 and FGF21 levels were significantly higher in end‐stage renal disease UC patients, while FGF21 was also higher in the UC patients with cardiovascular diseases and history of recurrent UC. In the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, FGF19, 21, and 23 were all significant predictors of UC [area under the curve (AUC)] 0.674, P = 0.015; AUC 0.918, P < 0.001; AUC 0.897, P < 0.001, respectively). In UC patients, serum FGF19 level was significantly lower, while FGF21 and 23 were significantly higher, than respective levels in healthy controls. All three markers may serve as good predictors of UC occurrence, and FGF21 level was associated with disease recurrence. © 2018 BioFactors, 45(1):62–68, 2019
Population-based study of outcomes following an initial acute diverticular abscess
Authors: Aquina C T , Becerra A Z , Xu Z , Justiniano C F , Noyes K , Monson J R T , Fleming F J 
Published: October 2018

Abstract

Background
Studies examining long-term outcomes following resolution of an acute diverticular abscess have been limited to single-institution chart reviews. This observational cohort study compared outcomes between elective colectomy and non-operative management following admission for an initial acute diverticular abscess.

Methods
The Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative System was queried for unscheduled admissions for an initial acute diverticular abscess in 2002–2010. Bivariable and propensity-matched multivariable analyses compared stoma rates and use of healthcare in patients who had an elective resection and those receiving non-operative management. Diverticulitis recurrence rates were analysed for non-operative management.

Results
Among 10 342 patients with an initial acute diverticular abscess, one-third (3270) underwent surgical intervention within 30 days despite initial non-operative management. Of the remaining 7072 patients, 1660 had an elective colectomy within 6 months. Of 5412 patients receiving non-operative management, 1340 (24·8 per cent) had recurrence of diverticulitis within 5 years (median 278 (i.q.r. 93·5–707) days to recurrence). Elective colectomy was associated with higher stoma rates (10·0 per cent, compared with 5·7 per cent for non-operative observation, P &lt; 0·001; odds ratio 1·88, 95 per cent c.i. 1·50 to 2·36), as well as more inpatient hospital days for diverticulitis-related admissions (mean 8·0 versus 4·6 days respectively, P &lt; 0·001; incidence rate ratio (IRR) 2·16, 95 per cent c.i. 1·89 to 2·47) and higher mean diverticulitis-related cost (€70 107 versus €24 490, P &lt; 0·001; IRR 3·11, 2·42 to 4·01).

Conclusion
Observation without elective colectomy following resolution of an initial diverticular abscess is a reasonable option with lower healthcare costs than operation.
Lacosamide on background eeg activity in brain tumor‐related epilepsy patients: A case series study
Authors: Maschio Marta , Zarabla Alessia , Maialetti Andrea , Sperati Francesca , Dinapoli Loredana , Dispenza Sabrina , Petreri Gianluca , Cantelmi Tonino 
Published: October 2018

AbstractObjectiveTherapeutic doses of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) may alter EEG background activity, which is considered an index of the functional state of the brain. Quantitative analysis (qEEG) of EEG background activity is a valid instrument to assess the effects of many centrally active drugs on the central nervous system, including AEDs. Lacosamide (LCM) is a new AED that could be a valid therapeutic choice in patients with brain tumor‐related epilepsy (BTRE).MethodsWe used qEEG to analyze the possible effect of LCM as an add‐on, on background EEG activity after 4 months in patients with BTRE.ResultsWe consecutively recruited sixteen patients with BTRE: Five dropped out for disease progression, five for scarce compliance, and six completed the study. For these reasons qEEG was performed at first visit and after 4 months only in six patients. For all frequency bands, LCM revealed no changes of mean relative power during rest with eyes closed, hyperpnoea (HP), and mental arithmetic task (MA); significant increment was found only in the theta mean relative power during opening and closing eyes (BR). After four months of therapy with LCM, one patient was seizure free, four had a seizure reduction ≥50%, and one showed a worsening in seizure frequency <50%.ConclusionDespite the limitation of a small series, these findings suggest that LCM seems to have only a mild interference on EEG background activity and confirm that LCM has a good efficacy on seizure control in patients with BTRE. This is the first study that evaluates the effect of LCM on background EEG activity, using qEEG in BTRE patients. Future research in this area could include prospective studies with qEEG for a longer follow‐up period to assess the impact of AEDs on brain functions in this particular fragile patient population.
Antimicrobial Homoisoflavonoids from the Rhizomes of Polygonatum verticillatum
Authors: Sharma Shruti , Patial Vijeta , Singh Dharam , Sharma Upendra , Kumar Dinesh 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThree homoisoflavonoids, including a new compound, 5,7‐dihydroxy‐3‐(4‐methoxybenzyl)‐8‐methyl chroman‐4‐one (1), together with two known compounds, 5,7‐dihydroxy‐3‐(2‐hydroxy‐4‐methoxybenzyl)‐8‐methylchroman‐4‐one (2) and 5,7‐dihydroxy‐3‐(2‐hydroxy‐4‐methoxybenzyl)‐chroman‐4‐one (3), were isolated from the rhizomes of Polygonatum verticillatum (L.) All. (P. verticillatum). Isolated compounds were characterized on the basis of UV, FT‐IR, ESI‐MS, and 1D‐, 2D‐NMR data. Further, different extract fractions and pure compounds from Polygonatum verticillatum were screened for their antimicrobial potential. Among three pure compounds, compound 2 was found most potent with good zone of microbial growth inhibition as compared to the standards.
Successful institutional care for behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia in a repopulated area after the 2011 Fukushima disaster: A case report
Authors: Nishikawa Yoshitaka , Niimura Hidehito , Ozaki Akihiko , Kimura Yuko , Morita Tomohiro , Sawano Toyoaki , Saito Hiroaki , Tsubokura Masaharu 
Published: October 2018

Key Clinical MessageCaregiving in a long‐term facility played a key role in improvements of this patient's behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia, which also led to a reduced caregiver burden on her family members. Considering the global population aging trend, the lesson from this case may apply to other settings beyond disasters.
Environmentally Benign Arylations of 5‐Membered Ring Heteroarenes by Pd‐Catalyzed C−H Bonds Activations
Authors: Mao Shuxin , Li Haoran , Shi Xinzhe , Soulé Jean‐François , Doucet Henri 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe palladium‐catalyzed functionalization of 5‐membered ring heteroaromatics, through a C−H bonds activation, for access to arylated heteroaromatics represent a very attractive alternative to more classical cross‐coupling reactions, as it saves steps and reduces the amount of wastes. Despite these advantages, these transformations initially suffered from major limitations in terms of sustainable chemistry concerning the reaction media, the nature of the catalyst, the catalyst loading, the aryl source or the regioselectivity control. Tremendous improvements allowing more sustainable reaction conditions using greener solvents, new aryl sources or employing easily removable catalysts and lower catalyst loadings have been described during the last decades. This review summarizes some of the most important contributions made in these directions.
Triindolo‐Truxene Derivatives: Design, Synthesis, and Fine‐Tuning of Electronic Properties and Molecular Assembly through Molecular Engineering
Authors: Chen Jun‐Bo , Zhou Cen , Lu Ru‐Qiang , Wang Xin‐Chang , Qu Hang , Saha Mithu , Liu Hao‐Liang , Zhang Hui , Cao Xiao‐Yu 
Published: October 2018

AbstractTriindolo‐truxene, a C3‐symmetric molecule with a large π‐conjugated plane, has six methylene carbon atoms and three aromatic carbon atoms that can be facilely functionalized. Herein, butyl, carbonyl, cyano, and/or malononitrile groups were introduced at six methylene carbon atoms (6‐, 14‐, 22‐ or 8‐, 16‐, 24‐positions) and/or three aromatic carbon atoms (2‐, 10‐, and 18‐positions) of triindolo‐truxene to produce eight derivatives. Their photophysical properties, electrochemical properties, and molecular assembly can be effectively modulated by substituents and substitution patterns. Incorporation of electron‐deficient groups led to redshifts in both the absorption and emission of these derivatives and also lowered their HOMO and LUMO levels. Different substitution patterns resulted in the different intramolecular donor–acceptor interactions. Electron‐deficient substituents at the methylene carbon atoms in the 6‐, 14‐, and 22‐positions led to intramolecular charge transfer from the fluorene arms to the truxene core, whereas the corresponding substitutions at the methylene carbon atoms in the 8‐, 16‐, and 24‐positions resulted in intramolecular charge transfer from the truxene core to the fluorene arms. The molecular packing in single crystals and molecular aggregation in solution are also influenced by the substituents and substitution patterns. This work provides a straightforward strategy to alter the properties of triindolo‐truxene.
Future Perspectives: Using Computer Simulations to Supplement Students’ Introduction to Scientific Inquiry
Authors: Stamer Insa , Beiroth Femke , Schwarzer Stefan , Hartke Bernd , Lindhorst Thisbe K. , Parchmann Ilka 
Published: October 2018

AbstractIn der Chemie ist die Synthese von chemischen Verbindungen im Labor ein zentraler Aspekt, wenngleich dieser häufig langwierig und kostspielig ist. Dank immer leistungsfähigerer Computer und immer besserer Software und Algorithmen werden Moleküle längst nicht mehr nur praktisch‐experimentell untersucht. Es können beispielsweise Eigenschaften, Bewegungen und Reaktionen am Computer simuliert und vorausgesagt werden. Die theoretische Chemie ist somit ein unverzichtbares Teilgebiet der Chemie. In diesem Artikel wird ein Versuch vorgestellt, der die Simulation von Molekülen in der Schule und im Chemiestudium ermöglicht. Als konkretes Beispiel werden Moleküle untersucht, die das Anhaften von E. coli‐Bakterien an menschliche Zellen verhindern können. Diese Forschung zielt darauf ab, Krankheiten wie Nierenbeckenentzündungen ohne Einsatz von Antibiotika erfolgreich zu therapieren.