bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel customizable stent graft that contains a stretchable ePTFE with a laser‐welded nitinol stent
Authors: Chen Yanfei , Tillman Bryan , Go Catherine , Cho Sung Kwon , Clark William W. , Hur Tae Bong , Ding Yicheng , Chun Youngjae 
Published: September 2018

AbstractCustomizable medical devices have recently attracted attentions both in dental and orthopedic device fields, which can tailor to the patients’ anatomy to reduce the length of surgery time and to improve the clinical outcomes. However, development of the patient specific endovascular device still remains challenging due to the limitations in current 3D printing technology, specifically for the stent grafts. Therefore, our group has investigated the feasibility of a highly stretchable expanded‐polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) tube as a customizable graft material with the laser‐welded nitinol backbone. In this study, a highly stretchable ePTFE tube was evaluated in terms of mechanical behaviors, in vitro biocompatibility of ePTFE with various stretchiness levels, and capability for the integration with the laser‐welded customizable nitinol stent backbone. A prototype stent graft for the swine's venous size was successfully constructed and tested in the porcine model. This study demonstrates the ability of ePTFE tube to customize the stent graft without any significant issue, for example, sweating through the stretched pores in the ePTFE tube, as well as in vivo feasibility of the device for bleeding control. This novel customizable stent graft would offer possibilities for a wide range of both current and next‐generation endovascular applications for the treatment in vascular injuries or diseases. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 107B: 911–923, 2019.
Indication‐specific immunomodulatory effects of extracorporeal photopheresis: A pilot study in heart transplanted patients
Authors: Dieterlen Maja‐Theresa , Garbade Jens , Misfeld Martin , Lehmann Sven , Klaeske Kristin , Borger Michael A. , Barten Markus J. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBackgroundThe clinical use of extracorporeal photopheresis (ECP) is based on its ability to induce cell‐mediated immune tolerance towards foreign and self‐antigens. Up‐to‐date, no clear consensus consists on how to use ECP after heart transplantation (HTx). In this pilot study, we evaluated the stimulatory effects of ECP on immune cells in HTx patients.MethodsHTx patients received ECP therapy as prophylaxis of rejection (PRX, n = 15), to treat acute cellular rejection (ACR, n = 13) or cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV, n = 5). Three ECP cycles with monthly frequency were performed. Blood samples were taken before every ECP cycle and 2 months after the last ECP cycle and were analyzed for cytokines and the tolerance‐inducing cell subsets regulatory T cells (Tregs), myeloid (mDCs), and plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs).ResultsWhile ECP treatment induced first an increase of pDCs in the CAV group (baseline: 22.0% ± 9.6%, prior third ECP cycle: 8.6% ± 3.2%, follow‐up: 31.5% ± 8.4%, P = .009), no significant changes of DC subsets and Tregs were observed in the ACR‐ and in the PRX group. Furthermore, analysis of the immune balance showed different response profiles of pro‐ and anti‐inflammatory cytokines among prophylactically ECP‐treated patients and ECP‐treated patients suffering from CAV or ACR.ConclusionsIn our pilot study, we showed different stimulatory effects of ECP on pDCs and cytokines among prophylactic and therapeutic ECP therapy after HTx. Immunological monitoring should be included in a larger clinical study of ECP treatment following HTx and to identify predictable parameters for ECP efficacy.
Debunking superstition: Analyzing the cloud phenomenon in apheresis—Results of a 35‐month study
Authors: Staley Elizabeth M. , Raju Dheeraj , Williams Lance A. , Kim Chong H. , Jiang Ning , Pham Huy P. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractMany practitioners believe in the phenomenon of being labeled either a “black cloud” or “white cloud” while on‐call. A “white‐cloud” physician is usually defined as one who sees fewer cases while a “black‐cloud” is one who often receives more cases. To evaluate these phenomena, a 35‐month prospective study was designed to evaluate the number of times apheresis staff was involved with emergent apheresis procedures at a large institution in the off hours between 10 pm and 7 am, since this is the time period when significant resources have to be mobilized to perform the procedure. During the study period, 92 emergent procedures (or “black‐cloud” events, 8.6%) occurred. The median time between two consecutive “black‐cloud” events was 9 days (range: 1–45 days). We found that there is no statistically significant association between the occurrence of “black‐cloud” events and attending physicians (P = .99), nurses who had 56 or more days on‐call during the course of the study (P = .28), year (P = .85), day of the week (P = .099), month (P = .57), or season of the year (P = .47). Therefore, the findings from this prospective 35‐month confirmation study did not support the common perception that physicians or nurses maybe either “black clouds” or “white clouds.” It is important that this meaningful result be shared with apheresis practitioners given that the label of being a “black cloud” may have undesirable psychological implications to the physicians and nurses.
Perioperative management during laparoscopic resection of large pheochromocytomas: A single‐institution retrospective study
Authors: Liu Hongju , Li Bin , Yu Xuerong , Huang Yuguang 
Published: September 2018

Background and ObjectivesThe safety of laparoscopic resection of very large pheochromocytomas is unclear, and preoperative preparation may benefit from refinement. This retrospective study was designed to determine the correlation between tumor size and perioperative characteristics by evaluating data from patients who underwent laparoscopic resection of pheochromocytomas.MethodsA total of 253 patients were grouped according to their tumor diameter: diameter ≥8 cm, Glarge (Glg) (n = 30); diameter 6 to 8 cm, Gmedium (Gmd) (n = 57); and diameter <6 cm, Gsmall (Gsm) (n = 166). The perioperative data were compared among the three groups using the analysis of variance test, Wilcoxon’s rank‐sum test, and the chi‐square test.ResultsPatients in the Glg and Gmd groups had a higher preoperative phenoxybenzamine daily dose and 24‐hour urine levels of noradrenaline and adrenaline than those in the Gsm group, as they needed longer vasopressor support. Transfusion of allogeneic blood products was found to be increased in patients of the Glg group compared with the other two groups and their intensive care unit stays were longer.ConclusionsCompared with small‐sized pheochromocytomas, laparoscopic resection of medium‐sized pheochromocytomas requires vigilant monitoring and resolution of hemodynamic fluctuations. Patients with very large pheochromocytomas are at greater risk of intraoperative bleeding and may benefit from the ensured availability of blood products and intensive postoperative monitoring.
Polymerization‐Induced Self‐Assembly under Compressed CO2: Control of Morphology Using a CO2‐Responsive MacroRAFT Agent
Authors: Zhou Dewen , Kuchel Rhiannon P. , Dong Siming , Lucien Frank P. , Perrier Sébastien , Zetterlund Per B. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractPolymerization‐induced self‐assembly of 2‐hydroxypropyl methacrylate is conducted in water and water/MeOH using a CO2‐responsive macroRAFT agent in the form of a statistical copolymer comprising N,N‐diethylaminoethyl methacrylate (DEAEMA) and poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (M
n = 475 g mol−1). Pressurization with CO2 leads to protonation of DEAEMA units within the stabilizer block, thereby offering a means of adjusting the charge density of the coronal layer. It is demonstrated that a wide range of tunable particle morphologies are accessible by simply varying the CO2 pressure during polymerization in the range of 10–45 bar.
Rigid motion‐corrected magnetic resonance fingerprinting
Authors: Cruz Gastão , Jaubert Olivier , Schneider Torben , Botnar Rene M. , Prieto Claudia 
Published: September 2018

PurposeDevelop a method for rigid body motion‐corrected magnetic resonance fingerprinting (MRF).MethodsMRF has shown some robustness to abrupt motion toward the end of the acquisition. Here, we study the effects of different types of rigid body motion during the acquisition on MRF and propose a novel approach to correct for this motion. The proposed method (MC‐MRF) follows 4 steps: (1) sliding window reconstruction is performed to produce high‐quality auxiliary dynamic images; (2) rotation and translation motion is estimated from the dynamic images by image registration; (3) estimated motion is used to correct acquired k‐space data with corresponding rotations and phase shifts; and (4) motion‐corrected data are reconstructed with low‐rank inversion. MC‐MRF was validated in a standard T1/T2 phantom and 2D in vivo brain acquisitions in 7 healthy subjects. Additionally, the effect of through‐plane motion in 2D MC‐MRF was investigated.ResultsSimulation results show that motion in MRF can introduce artifacts in T1 and T2 maps, depending when it occurs. MC‐MRF improved parametric map quality in all phantom and in vivo experiments with in‐plane motion, comparable to the no‐motion ground truth. Reduced parametric map quality, even after motion correction, was observed for acquisitions with through‐plane motion, particularly for smaller structures in T2 maps.ConclusionHere, a novel method for motion correction in MRF (MC‐MRF) is proposed, which improves parametric map quality and accuracy in comparison to no‐motion correction approaches. Future work will include validation of 3D MC‐MRF to enable also through‐plane motion correction.
Genauer dank altem Trick
Authors: Schmitt Simon 
Published: September 2018

ZusammenfassungDie Verwendungsmöglichkeiten und das Leistungsvermögen von Quantensensoren übertreffen klassische Sensoren bei Weitem. Vor allem Stickstoff‐Fehlstellen‐Zentren in Diamant sind mit ihrem Elektronenspin ein interessanter Kandidat für quantenmetrologische Anwendungen wie Kernspinresonanz‐Messungen. Allerdings begrenzt die kurze Relaxationszeit im Millisekundenbereich bislang die Präzision bei Frequenzmessungen. Die neue Messmethode Qdyne nutzt die alte Idee der heterodynen Detektion. Sie steigert so die Frequenzauflösung von Quantensensoren um mehr als sechs Größenordnungen. Diese und weitere Entdeckungen werden Quantensensoren mit hoher Wahrscheinlichkeit den Weg in industrielle Anwendungen ebnen.
25 Millionen Sterne und ein Schwarzes Loch
Authors: Schödel Rainer , Neumayer Nadine 
Published: September 2018

ZusammenfassungDer zentrale Sternhaufen unserer Milchstraße besteht aus Sternen mit einer Gesamtmasse von etwa 25 Millionen Sonnenmassen, die ein vier Millionen Sonnenmassen schweres Schwarzes Loch umkreisen. Er ist ein einzigartiges Labor für die Astrophysik extremer Umgebungen und ein Modellsystem, um die Eigenschaften der omnipräsenten zentralen Haufen in anderen Galaxien zu verstehen.
Shape changing hydrogels and their applications as soft actuators
Authors: Peng Xin , Wang Huiliang 
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACTIn nature, plants or animals change their geometric shapes and hence realize different functions or movements. Inspired by the shape changes of plants and animals, several hydrogels that can change their geometric shapes upon external stimuli have been developed. This article provides a brief overview of shape changing hydrogels. First, two strategies to realize the shape changes of hydrogels, that is, preparing hydrogels with inhomogeneous structures and applying inhomogeneous stimuli onto homogeneous hydrogels, are discussed. Then, external stimuli that can actuate the shape changes of the stimuli‐responsive hydrogels are presented. The applications of shape changing hydrogels such as soft machines, soft robotics, drug carriers, microfluidic valves, and sensors have been provided in third part. Finally, we offer our perspective on open challenges and future areas of interest for the shape changing hydrogel actuators. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2018, 56, 1314–1324
A scheme of numerical solution for three‐dimensional isoelectronic series of hydrogen atom using one‐dimensional basis functions
Authors: Rahman Faiz Ur , Zhao Rundong , Sarwono Yanoar Pribadi , Zhang Rui‐Qin 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe solution of three‐dimensional Schrödinger wave equations of the hydrogen atoms and their isoelectronic ions (Z = 1 − 4) are obtained from the linear combination of one‐dimensional hydrogen wave functions. The use of one‐dimensional basis functions facilitates easy numerical integrations. An iteration technique is used to obtain accurate wave functions and energy levels. The obtained ground state energy level for the hydrogen atom converges stably to −0.498 a.u. The result shows that the novel approach is efficient for the three‐dimensional solution of the wave equation, extendable to the numerical solution of general many‐body problems, as has been demonstrated in this work with hydrogen anion.
Scanning electrochemical cell microscopy for visualization and local electrochemical activities of lithium‐ion (de) intercalation process in lithium‐ion batteries electrodes
Authors: Kumatani Akichika , Takahashi Yasufumi , Miura Chiho , Ida Hiroki , Inomata Hirotaka , Shiku Hitoshi , Munakata Hirokazu , Kanamura Kiyoshi , Matsue Tomokazu 
Published: September 2018

Scanning electrochemical cell microscopy with a single barrel micro‐/nano‐pipette (SECCM) was applied to lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) composite positive electrodes and an isolated LiFePO4 secondary particle for lithium‐ion batteries. To analyze lithium‐ion (Li+) charge or discharge process on the electrodes using local probe, a pipette filled with LiCl electrolyte solution and Ag/AgCl quasi‐reference counter electrode (QRCE) was used. Both the local electrochemical activities of LiFePO4 on the composite electrodes and a single particle were revealed by SECCM as in‐situ direct measurement of current response‐related Li+ transport from mapping and cyclic voltammogram at confined area by the pipette. The mapping has visualized Li+ deintercalation process from LiFePO4 at +0.65 V (applied between the sample‐QRCE). We show that the SECCM system is a strong analytical tool for a characterization of local Li+ behavior of active electrode materials in lithium‐ion batteries.
Study on carbon dioxide reduction with water over metal oxide photocatalysts
Authors: Kato Yuma , Yamamoto Muneaki , Akatsuka Masato , Ito Ryota , Ozawa Akiyo , Kawaguchi Yu , Tanabe Tetsuo , Yoshida Tomoko 
Published: September 2018

Various metal oxides with 0.1 wt% Ag loaded as a cocatalyst were prepared by an impregnation method and examined their photocatalytic activity for CO2 reduction with water. Among all the prepared Ag‐loaded metal oxides, Ga2O3, ZrO2, Y2O3, MgO, and La2O3 showed activities for CO and H2 productions under ultraviolet light irradiation. Thus, metal oxides involving metal cations with closed shell electronic structures such as d0, d10, and s0 had the potential for CO2 reduction with water. In situ Fourier transform infrared measurement revealed that the photocatalytic activity and selectivity for CO production are controlled by the amount and chemical states of CO2 adsorbed on the catalyst surface and by the surface basicity, as summarized as follows: Ag/ZrO2 enhanced H2 production rather than CO production due to very little CO2 adsorption. Ag/Ga2O3 exhibited the highest activity for CO production, because adsorbed monodentate bicarbonate was effectively converted to bidentate formate being the reaction intermediates for CO production owing to its weak surface basicity. Ag/La2O3, Ag/Y2O3, and Ag/MgO having both weak and strong basic sites adsorbed larger amount of carbonate species including their ions and suppressed H2 production. However, the adsorbed carbonate species were hardly converted to the bidentate formate.
Measurements of elastic scattering cross sections for 25.2, 28.5, 37.4, 36.8, and 42.2 keV X‐ray photons in elements with 22 ≤ Z ≤ 83
Authors: Upmanyu Arun , Singh Gurjot , Kainth Harpreet Singh , Mehta Devinder , Shahi Jangvir Singh , Kumar Sanjeev 
Published: September 2018

The differential elastic scattering cross sections were measured for 25.2 (Sn‐Kα), 28.5 (Sn‐Kβ1,3), 37.4 (Nd‐Kα1), 36.8 (Nd‐Kα2), and 42.2 (Nd‐Kα1,3) keV X‐ray photons at 139° scattering angle in elements with 22 ≤ Z ≤ 83. The measurement was done in reflection mode experimental setup involving 50Sn/60Nd secondary targets excited with 241Am radioisotope. The scattered X‐ray photons were detected using a high‐resolution low energy germanium detector (horizontal configuration, FWHM = 300 eV at 59.5 keV) coupled with computerized multichannel analyzer. The intensity of X‐ray photons along with geometrical factors were calculated from the theoretical knowledge of K X‐ray fluorescence cross sections and measured K X‐ray yields from excited targets. The measured values of differential cross sections were compared with the theoretical available values based on form factor and second‐order S‐matrix (SM) approaches. The experimental values of cross sections exhibit a large deviation from modified form (MF) values for the elements with BK/Ein ≈1, where BK is the K‐shell binding energy of electrons and Ein is the energy of incident photon. These deviations in experiment results were smooth out by the inclusion of anomalous scattering factors (ASFs) to the MF values. The measured elastic cross sections were found to be ~7% lower than MFASF values and agree with SM values for all elements under investigation.
Phosphatidate phosphatase activity is induced during lipogenesis in the oleaginous yeast Yarrowia lipolytica
Authors: Hardman Derell , Ukey Rahul , Fakas Stylianos 
Published: September 2018

AbstractPhosphatidate (PA) phosphatase dephosphorylates the membrane phospholipid PA to diacylglycerol (DAG) that can be used for the synthesis of the storage lipid triacylglycerol (TAG). In Yarrowia lipolytica, TAG biosynthesis is induced during the lipogenic phase, which results in the accumulation of this lipid in cells. The accumulation of TAG during lipogenesis requires the supply of DAG, but the source of this DAG is not known in Y. lipolytica. In this study, the regulation of PA phosphatase during lipogenesis and its contribution to TAG biosynthesis was examined in Y. lipolytica. Lipogenesis was triggered by growing cells in high‐glucose media, whereas control cultures were grown in low‐glucose media. PA phosphatase activity increased in a time‐dependent manner as high‐glucose cells progressed in the lipogenic phase. In contrast, the activity decreased in low‐glucose cells that did not accumulate lipids. An analysis of the subcellular localization of the PA phosphatase activity showed that the membrane‐associated activity increased during lipogenesis. The significance of this increase can be explained by the fact that only the membrane‐associated PA phosphatase activity is responsible for the production of DAG. Taken together, these results indicate that PA phosphatase is involved in TAG biosynthesis during lipogenesis in Y. lipolytica.
Implementation of a multicomponent telemonitoring intervention to improve nutritional status of community-dwelling older adults: a process evaluation
Authors: van Doorn-van Atten Marije N , de Groot Lisette CPGM , Romea Albert Collet , Schwartz Simon , de Vries Jeanne HM , Haveman-Nies Annemien 
Published: September 2018

AbstractObjectiveThe present study aimed to conduct a process evaluation of a multicomponent nutritional telemonitoring intervention implemented among Dutch community-dwelling older adults.DesignA mixed-methods approach was employed, guided by the process evaluation framework of the Medical Research Council and the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology. The process indicators reach, dose, fidelity and acceptability were measured at several time points within the 6-month intervention among participants and/or nurses.SettingThe intervention was implemented in the context of two care organisations in the Netherlands.SubjectsIn total, ninety-seven participants (average age 78 years) participated in the intervention and eight nurses were involved in implementation.ResultsAbout 80 % of participants completed the intervention. Dropouts were significantly older, had worse cognitive and physical functioning, and were more care-dependent. The intervention was largely implemented as intended and received well by participants (satisfaction score 4·1, scale 1–5), but less well by nurses (satisfaction score 3·5, scale 1–5). Participants adhered better to weight telemonitoring than to telemonitoring by means of questionnaires, for which half the participants needed help. Intention to use the intervention was predicted by performance expectancy (β=0·40; 95 % CI 0·13, 0·67) and social influence (β=0·17; 95 % CI 0·00, 0·34). No association between process indicators and intervention outcomes was found.ConclusionsThis process evaluation showed that nutritional telemonitoring among older adults is feasible and accepted by older adults, but nurses’ satisfaction should be improved. The study provided relevant insights for future development and implementation of eHealth interventions among older adults.
Imaging Lithospheric Discontinuities Beneath the Northern East African Rift Using S‐to‐P Receiver Functions
Authors: Lavayssière Aude , Rychert Catherine , Harmon Nicholas , Keir Derek , Hammond James O. S. , Kendall J.‐Michael , Doubre Cécile , Leroy Sylvie 
Published: September 2018

AbstractImaging the lithosphere is key to understand mechanisms of extension as rifting progresses. Continental rifting results in a combination of mechanical stretching and thinning of the lithosphere, decompression upwelling, heating, sometimes partial melting of the asthenosphere, and potentially partial melting of the mantle lithosphere. The northern East African Rift system is an ideal locale to study these processes as it exposes the transition from tectonically active continental rifting to incipient seafloor spreading. Here we use S‐to‐P receiver functions to image the lithospheric structure beneath the northernmost East African Rift system where it forms a triple junction between the Main Ethiopian rift, the Red Sea rift, and the Gulf of Aden rift. We image the Moho at 31 ± 6 km beneath the Ethiopian plateau. The crust is 28 ± 3 km thick beneath the Main Ethiopian rift and thins to 23 ± 2 km in northern Afar. We identify a negative phase, a velocity decrease with depth, at 67 ± 3 km depth beneath the Ethiopian plateau, likely associated with the lithosphere‐asthenosphere boundary (LAB), and a lack of a LAB phase beneath the rift. Using observations and waveform modeling, we show that the LAB phase beneath the plateau is likely defined by a small amount of partial melt. The lack of a LAB phase beneath the rift suggests melt percolation through the base of the lithosphere beneath the northernmost East African Rift system.