bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physical, mechanical and water barrier properties of yuba films incorporated with various types of additives
Authors: Kim Nayeon , Seo Eunsung , Kim Yookyung 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBackgroundTo apply yuba as an edible film, we evaluated film properties after adding various additives, including plasticizer (glycerol and sorbitol), cross‐linking agent (oxidized ferulic acid), emulsifier (sodium pyrophosphate), thicker (sodium carboxymethyl cellulose) and lipid (beeswax), alone or in combination (sodium pyrophosphate and sorbitol; sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and glycerol; and beeswax and glycerol).ResultsThe addition of beeswax and oxidized ferulic acid enhanced the water resistance of the film, showing a decreased solubility in water and swelling ratio. The results for tensile strength and elongation showed opposite trends, except for sorbitol, sodium pyrophosphate, and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and glycerol. Tensile strength of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (9.3 MPa) was increased compared to that of yuba without additive (3.5 MPa). Elongation was increased in glycerol (132%) compared to that in the control (8%). Water vapor permeability decreased in all samples by 0.7 to 8 times compared to that of the control. X‐ray diffraction analysis found that blending additives influenced the crystalline degree and second structure of the film. Atomic force microscopy revealed that the control (37 nm) and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and glycerol (47 nm) exhibited smooth surface and lower roughness values compared to glycerol (84 nm) and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and glycerol (87 nm).ConclusionOur results confirmed that yuba could be used as edible film with a wide range of applications depending on types of additive and purpose of use. The results of the present study revealed that sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and glycerol‐added yuba film had exceptional edible film properties, including water resistance, elongation and water vapor permeability based on principal component analysis. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Development of a new seamless data stream from EMR to EDC system using SS‐MIX2 standards applied for observational research in diabetes mellitus
Authors: Takenouchi Kiyoteru , Yuasa Keisuke , Shioya Masahiro , Kimura Michio , Watanabe Hiroshi , Oki Yutaka , Hakamata Akio , Watanabe Hiroshi , Fukushima Masanori 
Published: November 2018

AbstractOver the last decade, redundant entry of data in electronic medical records (EMR) for health care and electronic data capture (EDC) systems for research has been the typical medical research methodology. The corresponding data transcription this methodology requires not only increases the burden for clinician investigators and clinical research coordinators (CRCs), but it also decreases the quality of data. We designed and developed a new standards‐based and platform‐independent system to use data in the EMR to directly populate clinical data management systems in the EDC to eliminate the need for data transcription, streamline the clinical research process, and reduce clinician burden. Standardized structured medical information eXchange2 (SS‐MIX2) was implemented along with the Integrating the Healthcare Enterprise (IHE) Retrieve Form for Data Capture (RFD) Integration Profile. Standards from Clinical Data Interchange Standards Consortium (CDISC) were used to define metadata for research data collection forms and as a means to standardize data exchange semantics. These standards and the associated methodology were applied to observational research in patients with diabetes mellitus. The system we developed complies with global requirements for regulated research. It provides a standard‐based and platform‐independent method that can serve to accelerate the cycle of a learning health system.
A method to correct background phase offset for phase‐contrast MRI in the presence of steady flow and spatial wrap‐around artifact
Authors: Pruitt Aaron A. , Jin Ning , Liu Yingmin , Simonetti Orlando P. , Ahmad Rizwan 
Published: November 2018

PurposeBackground phase offsets in phase‐contrast MRI are often corrected using polynomial regression; however, correction performance degrades when temporally invariant outliers such as steady flow or spatial wrap‐around artifact are present. We describe and validate an iterative method called automatic rejection of temporally invariant outliers (ARTO), which excludes these outliers from the fitting process.MethodsThe ARTO method iteratively removes pixels with large polynomial regression errors analyzed by a Gaussian mixture model fitting of the residual distribution. A total of 150 trials of a simulated phantom (75 with wrap‐around artifact) and 125 phase‐contrast MRI cines from 22 healthy subjects (48 with wrap‐around artifact) were used for validation. Background phase offsets were corrected using second‐order weighted regularized least squares (WRLS) with and without ARTO. Flow volumes after WRLS and WRLS+ARTO corrections were compared with the known truth (phantom) and stationary phantom reference (in vivo) using Bland‐Altman analysis. The ratio between the pulmonary flow and the systemic flow was also computed in a subset of 6 subjects.ResultsIn the simulated phantom, compared with WRLS and no correction, correction with WRLS+ARTO produced superior agreement in volumetric flow quantification with the known truth. In vivo, WRLS+ARTO also produced superior agreement with stationary phantom‐corrected volumetric flow compared with WRLS and no correction. In data sets with wrap‐around artifact, WRLS produced significantly larger variance in the pulmonary flow and systemic flow ratio than stationary phantom correction (P= .0008).ConclusionThe proposed method provides automatic exclusion of temporally invariant outliers and produces flow quantification results comparable to stationary phantom correction.
Opioid prescribing practices and medication use following urogynecological surgery
Authors: Solouki Shirly , Plummer Melissa , Agalliu Ilir , Abraham Nitya 
Published: November 2018

BackgroundOpioid abuse is a growing epidemic in the United States, with opioid overdose becoming a leading cause of death. There is wide variation in prescription practices for post‐operative opioids due to absence of guidelines. The purpose of this study is to examine postoperative opioid prescribing patterns after urogynecologic surgery and determine usage and management of opioid pills by patients.Materials and MethodsThis is an observational, prospective study of female patients (N = 143) who underwent urogynecologic (prolapse or incontinence) surgery from June to December 2017 at a single academic center. Patients were surveyed regarding their pain medication use 30 days postoperatively. Survey questions included preoperative pain medication use, quantity of opioid pills consumed, need for additional opioid prescription, and management of remaining pills. T‐test and one‐way Anova were used for comparison of continuous variables and chi‐squared test used for comparison of categorical variables.ResultsOf 143 eligible patients, 99 (69%) responded; 62% of respondent patients underwent vaginal surgery, 22% abdominal surgery with or without vaginal surgery, and 15% underwent other procedures. Postoperatively, 81.8% of patients were prescribed opioids. The average number of tablets prescribed ranged from 12.4 to 17.4 depending on the procedure. 54.3% of patients reported using less than half of their prescribed opioid prescription. Of the patients who had excess opioid tablets, only 8.6% reported discarding their opioids.ConclusionTo date, no guidelines exist on prescribing opioids postoperatively. Opioids are overprescribed post‐operatively with over half of patients using less than half of the opioids prescribed to them.
An osseous lesion in the maxillary sinus—Tumour or tumour‐like?
Authors: Nicklisch Nicole , Maier Ferdinand , Schulz Georg , Rossbach Anne , Pichler Sandra L. , Zeilhofer Hans‐Florian , Gutwald Ralf , Dresely Veit , Meller Harald , Baumhoer Daniel , Alt Kurt W. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractIn the bioarchaeological analysis of burials from a medieval graveyard at Hettstedt, Central Germany, a male skeleton of about 40 to 50 years at death with an unusual bony structure in the left maxillary sinus was discovered. Macroscopic examination exhibited a balloon‐shaped osseous lesion with solid cortical surface 2.5 × 1.5 cm in size. Micro‐CT scans revealed trabecular structures around a central cavity. The margins of the osseous lesion were well defined without infiltration of normal maxillary bone tissue. The histopathological analysis showed the presence of lamellar and woven bone. The structure and localisation of the tumour‐like lesion suggest that the formation was the result of chronic inflammation and that chronic dental sinusitis seems to have triggered a large reactive ossification.
Effect of stereocomplex crystal on foaming behavior and sintering of poly(lactic acid) bead foams
Authors: Liu Wei , He Shicheng , Yang Yujie 
Published: November 2018

AbstractPoly(lactic acid) (PLA) bead foams with stereocomplex (Sc)/α crystals were prepared by melt mixing and solid‐state foaming methods, independently. A systematic method was applied to evaluate the effect of Sc/α crystals on rheological properties and foaming behavior of PLA. The results indicated that the presence of Sc/α crystals affected the foaming behavior and the melt elasticity of PLA. Hence, the enhanced rheological properties of PLA had a significant effect on controlling the foaming behavior. As a result, PLA bead foam with an expansion ratio of 24‐fold was developed. And, the presence of Sc/α crystals could also facilitate the sintering behavior and broaden the sintering process window. Sintered PLA bead foam with finer cellular morphology and strong sintering effect was obtained by inducing an appropriate Sc/α crystalline structure. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Connecting Proteomics to Next‐Generation Sequencing: Proteogenomics and Its Current Applications in Biology
Authors: Low Teck Yew , Mohtar M. Aiman , Ang Mia Yang , Jamal Rahman 
Published: November 2018

AbstractUnderstanding the relationship between genotypes and phenotypes is essential to disentangle biological mechanisms and to unravel the molecular basis of diseases. Genes and proteins are closely linked in biological systems. However, genomics and proteomics have developed separately into two distinct disciplines whereby crosstalk among scientists from the two domains is limited and this constrains the integration of both fields into a single data modality of useful information. The emerging field of proteogenomics attempts to address this by building bridges between the two disciplines. In this review, how genomics and transcriptomics data in different formats can be utilized to assist proteogenomics application is briefly discussed. Subsequently, a much larger part of this review focuses on proteogenomics research articles that are published in the last five years that answer two important questions. First, how proteogenomics can be applied to tackle biological problems is discussed, covering genome annotation and precision medicine. Second, the latest developments in analytical technologies for data acquisition and the bioinformatics tools to interpret and visualize proteogenomics data are covered.
Energy‐induced polymorphic changes in poly(vinylidene fluoride): How ultrasonication results in polymer with predominantly γ phase
Authors: Roy Rinu Elizabeth , Bhuvaneswari Soundiraraju , Vijayalakshmi Kunduchi Periya , Dimple Roopa , Soumyamol Panthaplackal Bhaskaran , Rajeev Rajvihar Sivaraman Nair 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACTSelf‐polarized poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) films were prepared via solution crystallization technique wherein the polymorphism of the films was controlled from α phase (>85%) to γ phase (>90%) by varying the time of ultrasonication. On increasing ultrasonication time up to 60 min, γ phase crystallites were found to be self‐aligned in the matrix while an equal proportion of α and γ phases coexist in the PVDF films ultrasonicated for 120 min. The phase conversion as well as inversion was evident from Fourier transform infrared, X‐ray diffraction, and differential scanning calorimetry analyses. Microscopic images of films ultrasonicated for 60 min showed a scrolled lamellar morphology while those sonicated for 120 min showed mixture of scrolled lamellar and spherulitic morphology. With the help of computational studies, it is explained that a large amount of energy is required for transforming trans‐gauche‐trans‐gauche into trans‐trans‐trans‐gauche conformation which is provided by ultrasonication. The mechanism of γ phase formation is proposed based on the experimental and theoretical approaches. Our studies show that just by tuning the time of ultrasonication, PVDF films with various morphologies can be processed; either one with predominantly electroactive γ phase with superior electrical properties or one with equal proportion of α and γ phases with superior mechanical properties. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2019, 57, 40–50
High‐Pressure Evaporation‐Based Nanoporous Black Sn for Enhanced Performance of Lithium‐Ion Battery Anodes
Authors: Ryu Sangwoo , Shim Hyung Cheoul , Song Jun Tae , Kim Ilhwan , Ryoo Hyewon , Hyun Seungmin , Oh Jihun 
Published: November 2018

AbstractIncreasing the surface area to improve chemical activity is an unending task from conventional catalysis to recently emerging electrochemical energy conversion and storage. Here, a simple, vacuum‐deposition‐based method to form nanoporous structures of metals is reported. By utilizing thermal evaporation at a high pressure, fractal‐like nanoporous structures of Sn with porosity exceeding 98% are synthesized. The obtained nanostructure consists of nanoparticle aggregates, and the morphology can be controlled by adjusting the working pressure. The formation of the nanoporous structure is explained by homogeneous nucleation and diffusion‐limited aggregation, where nanoparticles produced by the repeated collisions of evaporated atoms adhere to the substrate without diffusion, forming porous aggregates. Due to the easy oxidation of Sn, the constituent nanoparticles are covered with amorphous SnOx and crystalline SnO phases. When the nanoporous Sn/SnOx aggregates are applied to a lithium‐ion battery anode through direct deposition on a Cu foil current collector without binders or conducting additives, the nanoporous Sn/SnOx anode shows greatly enhanced cyclability and exceptional rate performance compared to those of a dense Sn thin film anode. The approach investigated in this work is expected to provide a new platform to other fields that require highly porous structures.
Novel Application of Aptamer Proteomic Analysis in Cystic Fibrosis Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid
Authors: DeBoer Emily M. , Wagner Brandie D. , Popler Jonathan , Harris Jonathan Kirk , Zemanick Edith T. , Accurso Frank J. , Sagel Scott D. , Deterding Robin R. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractPurpose: Biomarkers are needed in cystic fibrosis (CF) to understand disease progression, assess response to therapy, and enrich enrollment for clinical trials. Aptamer‐based proteomics have proven useful in blood samples. The aim is to evaluate proteins in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) in CF children compared to controls and identify endotypes during CF exacerbations.Experimental design: BALF is collected clinically from 50 patients with CF and nine disease controls, processed, and stored per protocol. BALF supernatants are analyzed for 1129 proteins by aptamer approach (SOMAscan proteomics platform). Proteins are compared across groups and used for pathway analysis. Endotypes are identified within the CF group.Results: CF BALF has increased concentrations of neutrophil elastase, myeloperoxidase, and decreased concentration of protein folding and host defense proteins. Pathways that distinguished CF subjects included interferon gamma signaling, membrane trafficking, and phospholipid metabolism. In the CF group, unbiased analysis of proteins identified two distinct endotypes that differed based on BALF white blood cell and neutrophil counts and detection of CF pathogens.Conclusions and clinical relevance: Proteomic analysis of the CF airway demonstrates a complex environment of proteins and pathways. This work provides evidence that aptamer‐based proteomics can differentiate between groups and can determine endotypes within CF.
Characterizing and alleviating ion suppression effects in atmospheric pressure matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization
Authors: Li Gongyu , Cao Qinjingwen , Liu Yang , DeLaney Kellen , Tian Zichuan , Moskovets Eugene , Li Lingjun 
Published: November 2018

RationaleAs a powerful ambient ion source, atmospheric pressure (AP) matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) enables direct analysis at atmospheric pressure/temperature and minimal sample preparation. With the increasing usage of AP‐MALDI sources with Orbitrap instruments, systematic characterization of the extent of ion suppression effect (ISE) in AP‐MALDI‐Orbitrap mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) is desirable. Recently, a new low‐pressure MALDI platform has been introduced that reportedly provided better sensitivity. While extensive research efforts have been devoted to improving spatial resolution, fewer studies focused on the characterization and sensitivity improvement of these MALDI platforms that, coupled with high‐resolution Orbitraps, provide powerful strategy for MSI.MethodsWe compared the analytical performance of AP and low‐pressure (subatmospheric) MALDI sources to study the effect of pressure control in the ion source. Using a model peptide/protein mixture, we systematically evaluated the factors influencing ISE. Furthermore, the effect of laser spot size was evaluated through tissue imaging analysis of lipids and neuropeptides. The effects of ion suppression and laser spot size have also been examined by comparing the number of identified molecular species during MSI analysis.ResultsSeveral key operating parameters including source pressure, laser energy, laser repetition rate, and microscopic slide coating materials were optimized to minimize the ISE. Under the optimal conditions, the subatmospheric AP‐MALDI‐Orbitrap platform with high spatial and mass spectral resolution enabled significantly improved coverage of several lipid and neuropeptide families in the MS analysis of mouse brain tissue sections.ConclusionsThe new SubAP‐MALDI source coupled with an Orbitrap mass spectrometer was established as a viable platform for in situ endogenous biomolecular analysis with increased sensitivity compared with conventional AP‐MALDI sources as evidenced by the confident identification of neuropeptides from mouse brain imaging analyses. The alleviated ISE was key to substantial performance improvement due to optimized intermediate pressure conditions and better ion collection by the ion funnel.
Clinical strategies for ART treatment of infertile women with advanced maternal age
Authors: Nakagawa Koji , Kuroda Keiji , Sugiyama Rikikazu 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBackgroundAn ever‐increasing number of women in our country with advanced maternal age are choosing to achieve pregnancy. This means effective strategies are needed for infertile patients. Questions arise, however, concerning the need for ovarian stimulation, and, if so, whether intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) is better than conventional insemination for those women who may have only one mature oocyte.MethodsWe evaluated our data to answer these questions. Herein, we also introduce our strategy for patients who show unsynchronized follicular growth.Main findingsOvarian stimulation in ART treatment for patients with advanced maternal age has resulted in the achievement of higher pregnancy rates, and therefore, this form of stimulation is often selected. Based on our data, ICSI as an insemination procedure has not improved clinical pregnancy rates compared with conventional insemination and has actually decreased the clinical pregnancy rates.ConclusionIn this article, we reviewed and compared the protocols and strategies that are available to increase the number of developed embryos for the patients with advanced maternal age. We hope that this review will be helpful for both patients and clinicians.
Multidisciplinary methodology for turbine overspeed analysis
Authors: Eryilmaz I. , Pawsey L. , Pachidis V. 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACTIn this paper, an integrated approach to turbine overspeed analysis is presented, taking into account the secondary air system dynamics and mechanical friction in a turbine assembly following an unlocated high-pressure shaft failure. The axial load acting on the rotating turbine assembly is a governing parameter in terms of overspeed protection since it governs the level of mechanical friction which acts against the turbine acceleration due to gas torque. The axial load is dependent on both the force coming from secondary air system cavities surrounding the disc and the force on the rotor blades. It is highly affected by secondary air system dynamics because rotor movement modifies the geometry of seals and flow paths within the network. As a result, the primary parameters of interest in this study are the axial load on the turbine rotor, the friction torque between rotating and static structures and the axial position of the rotor.Following an initial review of potential damage scenarios, several cases are run to establish the effect of each damage scenario and variable parameter within the model, with comparisons being made to a baseline case in which no interactions are modelled. This allows important aspects of the secondary air system to be identified in terms of overspeed prevention, as well as guidelines on design changes in current and future networks that will be beneficial for overspeed prevention.
Nonlinear DOB-based explicit NMPC for station-keeping of a multi-vectored propeller airship with thrust saturation
Authors: Wen Y. , Chen L. , Wang Y. , Sun D. , Duan D. , Liu J. 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACTA nonlinear station-keeping control method for a multi-vectored propeller airship under unknown wind field with thrust saturation is developed, which is composed of three modules: nonlinear model predictive controller (NMPC), disturbance observer (DOB) and tracking differentiator (TD). The nonlinear kinematics and dynamics models are introduced, and the wind effect is considered by the wind-induced aerodynamic force. Based on both models, an explicit NMPC is designed. Then a nonlinear DOB is introduced to estimate the wind disturbance. A TD, showing the relationship between the maximum propulsion force and the maximum flight acceleration, is proposed to handle the thrusts’ amplitude saturation. Stability analysis shows that the closed-loop system is globally asymptotically stable. Simulations for a multi-vectored propeller airship are conducted to demonstrate the robustness and effectiveness of the proposed method.
Consent, Contestability, and Unions
Authors: Lindblom Lars 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACT:This article provides a normative justification for unions. It discusses three arguments. The argument from consent justifies unions in some circumstances, but if the employer prefers to not bargain with unions, it may provide very little justification. The argument from contestability takes as its starting point the fact that employment contracts are incomplete contracts, where authority takes the place of complete contractual terms. This theory of contracts implies that consent to authority has been given under ignorance, and, therefore, that authority cannot be justified by consent. Contestability is a mechanism that can handle this problem for consent theory. It demands transparency, channels for voice, and a forum where contestations can be evaluated. This idea can be implemented in firms in different ways, but the argument from the separation of powers implies that unions are uniquely suited to implement contestability, since they are organized outside of the employer’s domain of authority.