bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The biotechnological relevance of Rhodococcus rhodochrous. The complete genomic sequence of nitrile biocatalyst strain ATCC BAA-870.
Authors: Frederick Joni , Hennessy Fritha , Horn Uli , Cortés Pilar de la Torre , Broek Marcel van den , Strych Ulrich , Willson Richard C. , Hefer Charles A. , Daran Jean-Marc G. , Sewell Trevor , Otten Linda G. , Brady Dean 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Background
Rhodococci are industrially important soil-dwelling Gram-positive bacteria that are well known for both nitrile hydrolysis and oxidative metabolism of aromatics. Rhodococcus rhodochrous ATCC BAA-870 is capable of metabolising a wide range of aliphatic and aromatic nitriles and amides. The expressed nitrilase, nitrile hydratase and amidase activities have shown stereoselective preferences for beta-substituted nitrile compounds. The genome of the organism was sequenced and analysed in order to better understand this whole cell biocatalyst.

Results
The genome of R. rhodochrous ATCC BAA-870 is the first Rhodococcus genome fully sequenced using Nanopore sequencing. The circular genome contains 5.9 megabase pairs (Mbp) and includes a 0.53 Mbp linear plasmid, that together encode 7548 predicted protein sequences according to BASys annotation, and 5535 predicted protein sequences according to RAST annotation. The genome contains numerous oxidoreductases, 15 identified antibiotic and secondary metabolite gene clusters, and several terpene and nonribosomal peptide synthetase clusters, as well as 6 putative clusters of unknown type. The 0.53 Mbp plasmid encodes 677 predicted genes and contains the nitrile converting gene cluster. Based on COG functional categories of proteins using RAST annotation, the main distributions of predicted annotated genes belong to known subsystems encoding amino acids and derivatives (19.7%), carbohydrates (13.4%), fatty acids, lipids and isoprenoids (12.2%), and cofactors, vitamins, prosthetic groups and pigments (9.4%). However, 74% of RAST annotated genes are not assigned clear functional roles within known metabolic pathways, and 38% of genes are annotated as hypothetical. BASys annotation predicts that 55% of annotated genes have an unknown function. The R. rhodochrous ATCC BAA-870 genome contains one possible CRISPR, identified by CRISPRCasFinder.

Conclusions
The sequence and comprehensive description of the R. rhodochrous ATCC BAA-870 genome will facilitate the additional exploitation of rhodococci for biotechnological applications, as well as enable further characterisation of this model organism. The genome encodes a wide range of enzymes, many with unknown substrate specificities supporting potential applications in biotechnology, including monooxygenases, cytochrome P450s, reductases, proteases, lipases, and transaminases. The capacity of this strain to hydrolyse nitriles resides upon a plasmid, containing a nitrilase, a low molecular weight nitrile hydratase, and an enantioselective amidase.
Social support and unmet social needs in life after stroke: a cross-sectional observational study
Authors: Lehnerer Sophie Mirabell , Hotter Benjamin , Padberg Inken , Knispel Petra , Remstedt Dike , Liebenau Andrea , Grittner Ulrike , Wellwood Ian , Meisel Andreas 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Background:
Stroke patients are often affected by long-term disabilities with needs concerning social issues. There is relatively little consideration of social recovery of patients and the support required to return to work, receive social benefits, participate in daily life activities, maintain contact with family and friends and to organize financial affairs. In our study we aimed to investigate if existing tools record social needs adequately. We analyzed the current provision of social support provided in long-term care after stroke and whether unmet social needs were associated with quality of life, caregiver burden, overall function and degree of disability.

Methods:
Our analysis is part of the Managing Aftercare of Stroke study (MAS-I), a cross-sectional observational study of patient needs 2-3 years after initial stroke. Assessment tools included the Nikolaus-score (social situation), the EuroQoL (quality of life), the German Burden Scale for Family Caregivers (caregiver burden), the modified Rankin Scale (disability / dependence), Stroke Impact Scale (function and degree of disability) and the Stroke Survivor Needs Questionnaire (unmet needs).

Results:
Overall 57 patients were included in MAS-I, with ten patients classified in urgent need of socio-economic support according to the Nikolaus-score. Patients with lower than normal Nikolaus-score had a higher degree of disability. Thirty percent of all patients had never received professional social support. Social worker contact happened mostly during the stay in acute hospital or rehabilitation institution. Only four patients (11%) reported long-term support after discharge. Apart from social worker contact during acute care, 43% of patients had unmet needs in the long-term aftercare. Forty percent of all patients included in MAS-I were recommended for social work intervention after an in-depth analysis of their situation. Finally, we saw that unmet social needs were associated with lower quality of life and higher caregiver burden.

Conclusions:
Our data suggest significant unmet needs in social care in long-term stroke patients. Screening tools for unmet social needs such as the Nikolaus-score do not holistically report patients’ needs.
Risk of Stroke-Associated Pneumonia During Hospitalization: Predictive Value of Combined A2DS2 Score and Hyperglycemia
Authors: Li Yang , Zhang Yu , Ma Sheng Lian , Niu Xiaoyuan , Chang Junsen 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Background: Stroke-associated pneumonia (SAP) is a common complication of cerebrovascular disease. The A2DS2 score has been used to predict the risk of SAP. However, hyperglycemia is not included in this scale. The purpose of the present study was to determine whether combining the A2DS2 scoring system and hyperglycemia can improve the predictive value of the conventional A2DS2 scale for SAP.
Methods: This retrospective study enrolled 2,552 patients with acute ischemic stroke. The A2DS2 scores, fasting blood glucose level and blood glucose level on admission were collected. Regression analysis was used to identify the independent risk factors of SAP. ROC curve analysis was used to evaluate the specificity and sensitivity of the combined A2DS2 score and fasting hyperglycemia for predicting SAP.
Results: Fasting hyperglycemia was an independent risk factor for SAP (OR=2.95; 95% confidence interval: 2.11-4.12; P<0.001). The area under curve of the combined A2DS2 score and fasting hyperglycemia was significantly higher than that of the A2DS2 score alone (0.814 vs. 0.793; P=0.048).
Conclusion: Fasting hyperglycemia is an independent risk factor for predicting SAP. The predictive value of the modified A2DS2 score (combined A2DS2 score and fasting hyperglycemia) is superior to that of A2DS2 score.
Keywords: Stroke-associated pneumonia; A2DS2 score; Fasting hyperglycemia; Predictive value
Erythema nodosum in rheumatic diseases
Authors: Egorova О. N. , Belov В. S. 
Published: April 2019

The review is devoted to erythema nodosum (UE), which is a typical variant of septal panniculitis without vasculitis and is a nonspecific immune inflammatory syndrome. Often, UE acts as one of the symptoms of systemic pathology, including rheumatic diseases (RH), sarcoidosis, Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis, cancer, etc., which can cause late diagnosis and, accordingly, the appointment of adequate therapy.
Organization of health-preserving activities of the headmasters of general educational institutions
Authors: Gres Oksana , Ionova Elena , Partola Viktoriia 
Published: April 2019

The technology stages for the implementation of health-preserving activities by the manager of the general educational institution (GEI) were substantiated, namely: orientational (the development of the orientation of the manager of the GEI for the implementation of health-preserving activities, which is facilitated by familiarization of managers with the most important problems and experience of health development through education and comprehensive promotion of teacher training, considering their personal needs and interests); cognitive (strengthening of the epistemological potential of the manager by systematization and generalization of professionally significant knowledge and ideas about the basics of human health and management of its preservation in the process of education); activity-productive (practical actions to plan, ensure, motivate and control the health-preserving of schoolchildren, which requires improvement of the set of skills associated with the implementation of management functions, and involves the use of active-discussion forms and methods of education and self-educational work).
Atitudes negativas em relação à aprendizagem da lí­ngua inglesa: resistência, ideologia e o processo de autoexclusão
Authors: Anjos Flávius Almeida dos 
Published: April 2019

Ancorado em pressupostos teóricos da Linguí­stica Aplicada, este artigo versa sobre posicionamentos desfavoráveis em relação à aprendizagem da lí­ngua inglesa, no contexto da escola pública regular. Desse modo, a temática central em torno de que gira este trabalho são as atitudes negativas em relação à aprendizagem da lí­ngua inglesa, cuja raiz está na resistência dos aprendizes em aprender a lí­ngua inglesa e na ideologia dominante. Ao ter tal atitude, aprendizes acabam permitindo a consolidação do processo de autoexclusão da aprendizagem. O objetivo deste artigo é tratar da origem das atitudes negativas e a sua relação com a desmotivação. A reflexão proposta aqui evidencia a necessidade de se ter uma postura crí­tica frente í s atitudes negativas, buscando desvendar as suas origens a fim de extingui-las. Ainda são apresentados resultados de uma pesquisa etnográfica, realizada com dois grupos de estudantes, oriundos da escola pública, na cidade de Cachoeira, no Recôncavo Baiano, cujo objetivo foi investigar a ocorrência das atitudes negativas. A pesquisa que englobou aplicação de questionário, entrevista com alunos e observação de aulas, dentre diversos achados interessantes, levou à compreensão do que realmente acontece no contexto instrucional.
Os mecanismos enunciativos na produção de leitura de uma crônica por uma agente-leitora universitária
Authors: Gonçalves Fabí­ola Mônica da Silva , Ferreira Sandra Patrí­cia Ataí­de 
Published: April 2019

Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar uma situação de linguagem gerada pela produção de leitura de uma crônica por uma agente-leitora universitária. Para tanto, optou-se pela perspectiva teórica e epistemológica do Interacionismo Sociodiscursivo (ISD). Ademais, este trabalho aborda como componente central a última camada do folhado textual por colaborar com a discursividade e a produção de sentidos na interação com o texto (BRONCKART, 2007). Em termos do posicionamento enunciativo, o ISD esclarece a regência das vozes, na visão bakhtiniana, como expressas no texto que corporificam diversas avaliações sobre determinados aspectos do conteúdo temático veiculados neste instrumento de mediação de linguagem verbal (VIGOTSKI, 2004; 2009; BAKHTIN, 1992/2003; GENETTE et al, 1986; GENETTE, 1979). Assumiu-se o enfoque de pesquisa qualitativa (GIL, 2009) e a produção dos dados consistiu em uma sessão de entrevista com uma estudante universitária do curso de Pedagogia de uma Universidade pública federal de Recife/PE, identificada ficticiamente por Sofia, que também já atuava como professora no momento da pesquisa. Como resultado, observou-se que Sofia produziu uma compreensão de leitura por meio de ações de linguagem interconectadas entre autor-texto-leitor, concepção esta que embasa uma posição de leitura ativa, colaborativa e crí­tico-reflexiva (MARCUSCHI, 2008; ORLANDI, 2006). Então, fica patente que ler não é apenas decodificar, uma vez que o ato de compreender o que se lê é uma atividade vinculada í s práticas socioculturais, e o gênero de texto é um dos materiais semióticos que favorece a comunicação verbal entre os agentes de linguagem envolvidos numa situação comunicativa.
A escrita processual do gênero textual carta de reclamação no ensino fundamental
Authors: Alves Ana Paula Martins , Serafim Mônica de Souza , Nogueira Marí­lio Salgado 
Published: April 2019

Esta pesquisa investigou o processo de apropriação do gênero carta de reclamação, com base em uma Sequência Didática, de alunos do 4º ano do Ensino Fundamental de uma escola pública municipal de Fortaleza. No ambiente escolar, diversas ocasiões de escrita e de fala são oferecidas aos alunos, sem que estas sejam necessariamente o objeto de um ensino sistemático. No entanto, Schneuwly e Dolz (2004) defendem que os alunos se apropriem de noções, de técnicas e de instrumentos necessários ao desenvolvimento de suas capacidades de expressão oral e escrita, em situações diversas de comunicação, é preciso criar contextos de produção precisos e efetuar atividades ou exercí­cios múltiplos e variados relacionados í s caracterí­sticas de cada gênero textual. Pautamo-nos nos pressupostos de Schneuwly e Dolz (2004) e Boissinot (1992) para identificarmos os elementos constituintes do gênero carta de reclamação e analisarmos a progressão temática no gênero escolhido. Os dados evidenciaram que as dificuldades relativas ao domí­nio da estrutura composicional do gênero em estudo estão relacionadas à orientação didática dos trabalhos pedagógicos em sala de aula. Constatamos, ainda, que os alunos que apresentaram fuga total ao tema na produção inicial conseguiram desenvolver a temática nas duas últimas produções; a progressão temática, apresentada por meio da reclamação, seguida de reivindicação, também, foi aprimorada pelos redatores e, por fim, verificou-se a adequação das reclamações feitas nas últimas cartas produzidas.
A escassez do trabalho médico e os desafios no setor público
Authors: Bianchessi Jessica Vargas , Abreu Adriana Leal 
Published: April 2019

RESUMOA centralidade do papel do médico na área da saúde e a dificuldade de atrair novos profissionais é motivo de preocupação dos gestores no serviço público. O presente estudo teve como objetivo geral identificar os fatores envolvidos na captação e retenção de médicos em uma fundação pública de direito privado. Tratou-se de estudo aplicado quanto à natureza da pesquisa, descritivo quanto aos objetivos, com abordagem qualitativa e documental com uso de dados secundários. Os resultados demonstraram que a remuneração e as condições de trabalho são fatores que contribuem para fixação de médicos. O estudo possibilitou identificar desafios a fim de promover ações de gestão que confiram às instituições públicas maior atratividade aos profissionais.Palavras-chave: equipe médica; setor público; recursos humanos; gestão em saúde. ABSTRACTThe centrality of the doctor in health area and the difficulty of attracting new professionals is a matter of concern for managers in the public service. The present study aimed to identify the factors involved in capturing and retaining physicians in a public foundation under private law. It was an applied study regarding the nature of the research, descriptive about the objectives, with a qualitative and documentary approach with use of secondary data. The results showed that remuneration and working conditions are factors that contribute to the fixation of physicians. The study made it possible to identify challenges in order to promote management actions that give public institutions greater attractiveness to professionals.Keywords: medical staff; public sector; human resources; health management.
Pulmonary Surfactant Preparations and Surfactant Therapy for ARDS in Surgical Intensive Care (a Literature Review)
Authors: Rosenberg O. A. 
Published: April 2019

Introduction.Despite the fact that clinical studies of pulmonary surfactants conducted over many years have demonstrated their efficacy for the treatment of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) which led to their approval for use inRussia andBelarus, only a few similar positive results have been achieved in other countries. This calls for an extensive literature review for intensive care professionals.Materials and methods.Using the data from 87 papers this review covers the composition, properties, methods of administration and delivery strategies of surfactant in the treatment and prevention of ARDS in patients with sepsis, severe complex injuries, inhalation injuries and a range of complications associated with thoracic and cardiovascular surgical procedures, massive blood transfusions, severe obstetric pathologies and the A/H1N1 pneumonia.Results.The early administration of natural pulmonary surfactants within 24 hours following the onset of ARDS as a part of the ARDS combination treatment or prevention drives down the time on mechanical ventilation to six days or shorter, prevents ventilator-associated and hospital-acquired pneumonias, bringing the respiratory failure mortality rate down to 15–20%.Discussion.Offering the first attempt to discuss the causes of failure of Phase III multicenter clinical trials outsideRussia andBelarus, this review outlines recent developments in synthetic and powdered pulmonary surfactant preparations.Conclusion. Pulmonary surfactants are highly effective as a part of complex therapy in ARDS treatment and prevention, resulting in two to four fold drop in ARDS mortality rate. The timing of administration is seen as the key factor of the efficacy of surfactant therapy, explaining the differences in clinical trials results from different countries.
Angiographic performance of a novel sirolimus-coated balloon in native coronary lesions: the FAtebenefratelli SIrolimus COated NATIVES prospective registry
Authors: Cortese Bernardo , Pellegrini Dario , Latini Roberto A. , Di Palma Gaetano , Perotto Anna , Orrego Pedro S. 
Published: April 2019

Aims
To evaluate the angiographic performance of a novel sirolimus-coated balloon (SCB) in de novo coronary lesions.

Methods
Out of an all-comer prospective registry of patients treated with the SCB at our center from April 2016 to September 2017, we selected those treated for a de novo stenosis on a native vessel, with a scheduled angiographic control at at least 4 months after the index procedure. We performed a centralized, blinded core-lab adjudicated quantitative coronary angiography analysis. Primary endpoint was late lumen loss. Secondary endpoints were binary restenosis and target-lesion revascularization.

Results
A total of 27 patients with native coronary arteries treated with SCB and with angiographic follow-up entered the study; seven patients were excluded because a stent was implanted at the lesion site during the index procedure. The degree of calcification (assessed with coronary angiography) was high in six patients (30%) and the average lesion length was 20.52 ± 6.88 mm. The reference vessel diameter was 2.32 ± 0.44 mm and the percentage diameter stenosis was 67 ± 12. Procedural success was obtained in all patients. After a median of 6.6 ± 2.5 months, late lumen loss was 0.09 ± 0.34 mm and the percentage diameter stenosis was 31 ± 18. We observed two cases (10%) of binary restenosis which underwent subsequent target-lesion revascularization: in one a drug-eluting stent was implanted, whereas the other patient was treated with paclitaxel-coated balloon. No myocardial infarction or death was observed during follow-up.

Conclusion
The use of a novel SCB in native coronary arteries was associated with good angiographic outcome at 6-month follow-up.
Kulturwissenschaft in den Philologien. Das Beispiel der deutschen Germanistik und Anglistik
Authors: Greilich Susanne 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Nach langen Jahren der Debatten hat sich die Kulturwissenschaft in den philologischen Fächern in Deutschland etabliert. Sowohl hinsichtlich der programmatischen Auseinandersetzung als auch der wissenschaftlichen Praxis scheint eine Phase der vorläufigen Konsolidierung erreicht, die sich gleichwohl durch eine große Bandbreite im begrifflichen Verständnis und der konkreten Ausgestaltung von Kulturwissenschaft auszeichnet. Der Beitrag zeichnet diese Bandbreite auf der Grundlage von jüngeren Positionsbestimmungen und Einführungsbänden nach. Dabei gilt das Augenmerk den ‚Nachbarphilologien’ der Romanistik, spezifischer: der Germanistik und Anglistik.
Rancang Bangun Program menggunakan Metode Fuzzy untuk Penilaian Aspek Palemahan pada Sistem Subak (Studi Kasus pada Sistem Subak di Kawasan Warisan Budaya Dunia Catur Angga Batukau)
Authors: Nugraha Kadek Dwi Ananda , . Sumiyati , Budisanjaya I Putu Gede 
Published: April 2019

Abstrak
Subak merupakan sebuah lembaga yang bertugas dalam mengatur air irigasi secara tradisional. Subak dalam aktivitasnya berlandaskan pada Tri Hita Karana (THK). Salah satu aspek dari Tri Hita Karana (THK) yang dinilai adalah aspek palemahan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk merancang suatu program untuk menilai kondisi aspek palemahan dalam sistem subak menggunakan Matlab-GUI berbasis logika fuzzy yang diberi nama Sistem Informasi TAKSU (Tri Hita Karana Subak). Dalam membuat toolbox fuzzy tahapan yang paling penting untuk dilakukan adalah merancang rule. Perolehan data dilakukan dengan metode survei, pengamatan secara langsung dan pengukuran. Data yang telah dikumpulkan selanjutnya akan diberi nilai dan dianalisis dengan logika fuzzy. Subak dinilai dengan menggunakan tiga rentang nilai yaitu Baik = 3, Sedang = 2, Kurang = 1. Program ini terdiri dari input, algoritma yang merupakan fungsi dari perancangan yang dilakukan pada toolbox fuzzy Matlab dan output sebagai hasil dari program tersebut. Berdasarkan hasil validasi yang dilakukan pada dua sampel subak diperoleh nilai pada Subak Jatiluwih adalah 2.23 dengan kriteria Agak Baik dan Subak Puring 2.73 dengan kriteria Baik. Hasil tersebut menunjukkan bahwa program ini dapat beroperasi dengan baik
Kata kunci: aspek palemahan, GUI Matlab, logika fuzzy, Subak, Tri Hita Karana (THK).
Abstract
Subak is an institution in charge of regulating the irrigation traditionally. System Subak activities are based on Tri Hita Karana (THK). One aspect of Tri Hita Karana (THK) is the palemahan aspect. The purpose of this research was to develop a program to assess the condition of palemahan aspect in subak system using Matlab-GUI based fuzzy logic that named TAKSU Information System (Tri Hita Karana Subak). In creating a fuzzy toolbox, the most important step to do is to design rules. Data were collected by survey method, direct observation and measurement. The data were categorized by value and then analyzed with fuzzy logic. Subak were assessed by using three value criteria that were Good = 3, Medium = 2, Less = 1. This program consists of input, an algorithm which is a function of the design carried out on the fuzzy Matlab toolbox and output as a result of the program. Based on the results of the validation carried out on two samples of subak, the value of Subat Jatiluwih was 2.23 with the criteria of Good and Subak Puring was 2.73 with the criteria of Good. These results indicate that this program can operate properly.
Keyword : palemahan aspect, Matlab-GUI, fuzzy logic, Subak, Tri Hita Karana (THK).