bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
IDENTIFIKASI DAN PENETAPAN KADAR RHODAMIN B PADA JAJANAN KUE BERWARNA MERAH MUDA YANG BEREDAR DI KOTA MANADO
Authors: Yamlean Paulina V.Y 
Published: July 2019

IDENTIFIKASI DAN PENETAPAN KADAR RHODAMIN B PADA JAJANAN KUE BERWARNA MERAH MUDA YANG BEREDAR DI KOTA MANADO Paulina V. Y. Yamlean1) 1)Program Studi Farmasi FMIPA Universitas Sam Ratulangi Manado, 95115; Email:olan_0506@yahoo.co.id ABSTRAK Rhodamin B adalah pewarna terlarang yang sering ditemukan pada makanan, terutama makanan jajanan. Rhodamin B, yaitu zat pewarna berupa serbuk kristal berwarna hijau atau ungu kemerahan, tidak berbau, serta mudah larut dalam larutan warna merah terang berfluoresan sebagai bahan pewarna tekstil atau pakaian. Jenis jajanan yang banyak dijumpai dan dicampuri dengan Rhodamin B, antara lain bubur delima, cendol, kolang-kaling, cincau dan kue-kue lainnya. Setelah dicampuri bahan ini makanan tersebut menjadi berwarna merah muda terang. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh membuktikan bahwa sampel-sampel kue berwarna merah muda yang beredar di kota Manado ada yang positif menggunakan Rhodamin B. Kata kunci: kue berwarna merah muda, rhodamin B IDENTIFICATION AND DETERMINATION LEVEL OF RHODAMIN B ON STREET FOOD PINC CAKE THAT CIRCULATION TO MANADO CITY ABSTRACT Rhodamin B is the illegal dyes that is often found in food, especially street foods. Rhodamin B, which is a dye form crystalline powder colored green or reddish purple, odorless, easily soluble in bright red fluoroscence solution as dye of textiles or apparel. Types of street food that are often found and mixed with Rhodamin B, amon pomegranate porridge, cendol, fro, grass jelly and other pastries. After mix with Rhodamon B, all that food becomes light pink. The results of research has obtained prove that the samples pink cake that circulated in Manado citythere are positive use of Rhodamin B. Keywords: pink cake, rhodamin B
AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN TUMBUHAN SURUHAN (Peperomia pellucida [L.] Kunth)
Authors: Sitorus Erwin , Momuat Lidya Irma , Katja Dewa Gede 
Published: July 2019

AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN TUMBUHAN SURUHAN (Peperomia pellucida [L.] Kunth) ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari aktivitasantioksidan tumbuhan suruhan, dengan mengukur total antioksidan tumbuhan pada keadaan segar dan kering, serta tanpa dan dengan pemanasan. Total antioksidan diukurmenggunakan metode FRAP (Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power) dan absorbansinya dibaca padaspektrofotometer UV-Vis dengan panjang gelombang 593 nm. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa total antioksidan ekstrak suruhan kering sebesar 3,25 mmol/100g dan ekstrak suruhan segar 0,21 mmol/100g. Total antioksidan tertinggi pada ekstrak suruhan kering dengan pemanasan 4,05 mmol/100g, diikuti oleh ekstrak suruhan kering tanpa pemanasan 2,44 mmol/100g, ekstrak suruhan segar dengan pemanasan 0,35 mmol/100g dan ekstrak suruhan segar tanpa pemanasan 0,08 mmol/100g. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa kandungan total antioksidan ekstrak suruhan kering lebih tinggi daripada ekstrak suruhan segar, dan pemanasan pada suhu 100oC selama 15 menit meningkatkan total antioksidan dalam ekstrak tumbuhan suruhan. Kata kunci: Peperomia pellucida, total antioksidan, metode FRAP ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF Peperomia pellucida [L.] Kunth ABSTRACT This research aims to study the antioxidant activity ofPeperomia pellucida, by measuring the total antioxidant of the fresh and driedplant extract, withorwithoutheated.The total antioxidantwas measured using the method of Ferric ReducingAntioxidantPower (FRAP) and the absorbance read at 593 of UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The results showed that the total antioxidant of Peperomia p. dried extract was 3.25 mmol/100g and the fresh extract was mmol/100g 0.21. Dried Peperomia p.extract with heatedhasthe highest total antioxidant(4,05 mmol/100g), followedby thedry extractwithout heated(2.44mmol/100g), the fresh extract with heated(0.35 mmol/100g) and without heated (0.08 mmol/100g). This study concluded that the total antioxidant of dried extract of Peperomia p. was higher than the fresh extract, and heating at 100 °C for 15 min increase total antioxidant of the plant extract. Keywords: Peperomia pellucida, total antioxidant, FRAP method
SOIL DEHYDROGENASE ACTIVITY: A COMPARISON BETWEEN THE TTC AND INT METHOD. A REVIEW
Authors: Mambu Susan Marlein 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT Soil enzyme activities are very sensitive to both natural and anthropogenic disturbances and show a quick response to the induced change. Soil dehydrogenase enzyme are one of the main components of soil enzymatic activities participating in and assuring the correct sequence of all the biochemical routes in soil biogeochemical cycles. Dehydrogenase activity is measured by two methods using the TTC and INT substrate. Different biotic and abiotic factors such as incubation time and temperature, pre-incubation, soil aeration and moisture content have significant effect on dehydrogenase activity in soil. Dehydrogenase enzyme is often used as a measure of any disruption caused by pesticides, trace elements or management practices to the soil, as well as a direct measure of soil microbial activity. This review describes the role of intracellular enzyme-dehydrogenase in the soil environment, and the most common laboratory procedure used for measure dehydrogenase activity by two methods using the TCC and INT substrate. Keywords: Dehydrogenase Activities, Flooded Soils, Soil Quality AKTIVITAS DEHIDROGENASE TANAH: KAJIAN PERBANDINGAN ANTARA TTC DAN METODE INT ABSTRAK Aktivitas enzim tanah sangat sensitif terhadap gangguan yang disebabkan oleh alam dan antropogenik dan menunjukkan respon yang cepat terhadap perubahan yang terjadi. Enzim tanah dehidrogenase adalah salah satu komponen utama dari aktivitas enzim tanah yang berpartisipasi dalam siklus biogeokimia tanah. Aktivitas dehidrogenase dapat diukur dengan menggunakan dua metode TTC dan INT substrat. Perbedaan faktor biotik dan abiotik seperti waktu inkubasi dan suhu, pre-inkubasi, aerasi tanah dan kadar air memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan pada aktivitas dehidrogenase dalam tanah. Enzim dehidrogenase sering digunakan sebagai ukuran dari gangguan yang disebabkan oleh pestisida, elemen atau manajemen pengelolaan tanah, serta dapat mengukur langsung aktivitas mikroba tanah. Ulasan ini menjelaskan peran enzim dehidrogenase intraseluler dalam lingkungan tanah, dan prosedur laboratorium yang paling umum digunakan untuk mengukur kegiatan dehidrogenase, yaitu dengan menggunakan metode TTC dan INT substrat. Kata Kunci: Aktivitas Dehidrogenase Tanah, TTC, INT
Hybrid-kinetic Simulations of Ion Heating in Alfvénic Turbulence
Authors: Arzamasskiy Lev , Kunz Matthew W. , Chandran Benjamin D. G. , Quataert Eliot 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
We present three-dimensional, hybrid-kinetic numerical simulations of driven Alfvén-wave turbulence of relevance to the collisionless near-Earth solar wind. Special attention is paid to the spectral transition that occurs near the ion-Larmor scale and to the origins of preferential perpendicular ion heating and of nonthermal wings in the parallel distribution function. Several novel diagnostics are used to show that the ion heating rate increases as the kinetic-Alfvén-wave fluctuations, which comprise the majority of the sub-ion-Larmor turbulent cascade, attain near-ion-cyclotron frequencies. We find that ≈75%–80% of the cascade energy goes into heating the ions, broadly consistent with the near-Earth solar wind. This heating is accompanied by clear velocity-space signatures in the particle energization rates and the distribution functions, including a flattened core in the perpendicular-velocity distribution and non-Maxwellian wings in the parallel-velocity distribution. The latter are attributed to transit-time damping and the pitch-angle scattering of perpendicularly heated particles into the parallel direction. Accompanying these features is a steepening of the spectral index of sub-ion-Larmor magnetic-field fluctuations beyond the canonical −2.8, as field energy is transferred to thermal energy. These predictions may be tested by measurements in the near-Earth solar wind.
Strongly Magnetized White Dwarfs and Their Instability Due to Nuclear Processes
Authors: Otoniel E. , Franzon B. , Carvalho G. A. , Malheiro M. , Schramm S. , Weber F. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
In this work, we study the properties of strongly magnetized white dwarfs (WDs), taking into account the electron capture and pycnonuclear fusion reactions instabilities. The structure of WDs is obtained by solving the Einstein–Maxwell equations with a poloidal magnetic field in a fully general relativistic treatment. The stellar fluid is assumed to be composed of a regular crystal lattice made of carbon ions immersed in a degenerate relativistic electron gas. The onset of electron capture reactions and pycnonuclear reactions are determined with and without magnetic fields. We find that magnetized WDs significantly exceed the standard Chandrasekhar mass limit, even when electron capture and pycnonuclear fusion reactions are present in the stellar interior. We obtain a maximum white dwarf mass of around 2.14 M⊙ for a central magnetic field of ∼3.85 × 1014 G, which indicates that magnetized WDs may play a crucial role for the interpretation of superluminous type Ia supernovae. Furthermore, we show that the critical density for pycnonuclear fusion reactions limits the central white dwarf density to 9.35 × 109 g cm−3. As a consequence, equatorial radii of WDs cannot be smaller than ∼1100 km. Another interesting feature concerns the relationship between the central stellar density and the strength of the magnetic field at the core of a magnetized white dwarf. For high magnetic fields, we find that the central density increases (stellar radius decrease) with magnetic field strength, which makes highly magnetized WDs more compact. The situation is reversed if the central magnetic field is less than ∼1013 G.
Global Distribution of Far-ultraviolet Emissions from Highly Ionized Gas in the Milky Way
Authors: Jo Young-Soo , Seon Kwang-il , Min Kyoung-Wook , Edelstein Jerry , Han Wonyong , Korpela Eric J. , Sirk Martin M. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
We present all-sky maps of two major far-ultraviolet cooling lines, C iv and O vi, of highly ionized gas to investigate the nature of the transition-temperature gas. From the extinction-corrected line intensities of C iv and O vi, we calculated the gas temperature and the emission measure of the transition-temperature gas assuming isothermal plasma in the collisional ionization equilibrium. The gas temperature was found to be more or less uniform throughout the Galaxy with a value of (1.89 ± 0.06) × 105 K. The emission measure of the transition-temperature gas is described well by a disk-like model in which the scale height of the electron density is

kpc. The total mass of the transition-temperature gas is estimated to be approximately

. We also calculated the volume-filling fraction of the transition-temperature gas, which was estimated to be f = 0.26 ± 0.09, and it varies from f ∼ 0.37 in the inner Galaxy to f ∼ 0.18 in the outer Galaxy. The spatial distribution of C iv and O vi cannot be explained by a simple supernova remnant model or a three-phase model. The combined effects of supernova remnants and turbulent mixing layers can explain the intensity ratio of C iv and O vi. Thermal conduction front models and high-velocity cloud models are also consistent with our observation.
La suppression du travail immédiat comme facteur décisif de la production dans les Grundrisse de K. Marx
Authors: Texier Jacques 
Published: July 2019

In 1857- 1858, Marx put forward the following radically innovative thesis : the material mode of production characteristic of capitalism is increasingly the result of the technological appliance of science, of its transformation into a direct productive force. As a result, the decisive factor in material prodiiction is no longer unmediated work, but the appliance of the productive power of general intellect, of man's social mind. In thus transforming its material mode of production, capital abolishes its own base : the tendency of capital towards universal development clashes with the narrowness of its base, which matches use value to exchange value.
La critique généalogique chez Nietzsche : science de l'humain et normativité éthique
Authors: Quiniou Yvon 
Published: July 2019

Nietzsche's contribution must be re-evaluated in the perspective of a causal-genealogical science of moral standards which refers back to the « prius » which is life. The point at which vitality and normativity need each other must be re-invested in order to avoid the dualisms opposing the « be » and the « ought-to-be B.
Le Cercle de sécurité parental, ou l’importance d’améliorer les représentations parentales : deux études de cas
Authors: Bisaillon Claud , Richard-Fortier Zoé , Navarro Johanna 
Published: July 2019

Le Cercle de sécurité parental (COS-P ; Cooper, Hoffman et Powell, 2009) vise à favoriser un attachement sécurisant chez le jeune enfant en aidant les parents à mieux reconnaître les besoins d’attachement de leur enfant et à développer leur fonction réflexive parentale (FRP). Des études de cas incluant des mesures pré-test, post-est et relance permettent de constater qu’une mère a démontré une augmentation importante de sa FRP, de pair avec une amélioration plus importante de ses représentations parentales, alors que de tels progrès n’ont pas été observés chez l’autre mère. Ces résultats appuient l’indication de COS-P pour une population à faible risque.
Cutaneous Exposure to Clinically Relevant Lone Star Ticks Promotes IgE Production and Hypersensitivity through CD4+ T Cell– and MyD88-Dependent Pathways in Mice
Authors: Chandrasekhar Jessica L. , Cox Kelly M. , Loo William M. , Qiao Hui , Tung Kenneth S. , Erickson Loren D. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Tick-borne allergies are a growing public health concern and have been associated with the induction of IgE-mediated food allergy to red meat. However, despite the increasing prevalence of tick bite–induced allergies, the mechanisms by which cutaneous exposure to ticks leads to sensitization and the production of IgE Abs are poorly understood. To address this question, an in vivo approach was used to characterize the IgE response to lone star tick proteins administered through the skin of mice. The results demonstrated that tick sensitization and challenge induced a robust production of IgE Abs and supported a role for IgE-mediated hypersensitivity reactions in sensitized animals following oral administration of meat. The induction of IgE responses was dependent on cognate CD4+ T cell help during both the sensitization phase and challenge phase with cutaneous tick exposure. In addition, IgE production was dependent on B cell–intrinsic MyD88 expression, suggesting an important role for TLR signaling in B cells to induce IgE responses to tick proteins. This model of tick-induced IgE responses could be used to study the factors within tick bites that cause allergies and to investigate how sensitization to food Ags occurs through the skin that leads to IgE production.
Cholesterol Crystals Induce Coagulation Activation through Complement-Dependent Expression of Monocytic Tissue Factor
Authors: Gravastrand Caroline S. , Steinkjer Bjørg , Halvorsen Bente , Landsem Anne , Skjelland Mona , Jacobsen Eva Astrid , Woodruff Trent M. , Lambris John D. , Mollnes Tom E. , Brekke Ole-Lars , Espevik Terje , Rokstad Anne Mari A. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Cholesterol crystals (CC) are strong activators of complement and could potentially be involved in thromboinflammation through complement–coagulation cross-talk. To explore the coagulation-inducing potential of CC, we performed studies in lepirudin-based human whole blood and plasma models. In addition, immunohistological examinations of brain thrombi and vulnerable plaque material from patients with advanced carotid atherosclerosis were performed using polarization filter reflected light microscopy to identify CC. In whole blood, CC exposure induced a time- and concentration-dependent generation of prothrombin fragment 1+2 (PTF1.2), tissue factor (TF) mRNA synthesis, and monocyte TF expression. Blocking Abs against TF abolished CC-mediated coagulation, thus indicating involvement of the TF-dependent pathway. Blockade of FXII by corn trypsin inhibitor had a significant inhibitory effect on CC-induced PTF1.2 in platelet-free plasma, although the overall activation potential was low. CC exposure did not induce platelet aggregation, TF microparticle induction, or TF on granulocytes or eosinophils. Inhibition of complement C3 by CP40 (compstatin), C5 by eculizumab, or C5aR1 by PMX53 blocked CC-induced PTF1.2 by 90% and reduced TF+ monocytes from 18–20 to 1–2%. The physiologic relevance was supported by birefringent CC structures adjacent to monocytes (CD14), TF, and activated complement iC3b and C5b–9 in a human brain thrombus. Furthermore, monocyte influx and TF induction in close proximity to CC-rich regions with activated complement were found in a vulnerable plaque. In conclusion, CC could be active, releasable contributors to thrombosis by inducing monocyte TF secondary to complement C5aR1 signaling.
DNA methylation of the &lt;i&gt;PLIN1&lt;/i&gt; promoter downregulates expression in chicken lines
Authors: Sun Yuhang , Li Rui , Zhai Guiying , Zhang Xinyang , Wang Yuxiang 
Published: July 2019

Abstract. Evidence suggests that Perilipin-1 (PLIN1) is subject to functional regulation by epigenetic modifications in women with obesity. However, whether chicken PLIN1 expression is regulated by DNA methylation is unknown. Here, Sequenom MassARRAY and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were conducted to analyze the promoter methylation status and expression of the PLIN1 gene in Northeast Agricultural University broiler lines divergently selected for abdominal fat content. We found that chicken PLIN1 expression was significantly higher in adipose tissue of fat-line broilers than in lean lines at 1–7 weeks of age, and was significantly positively correlated with abdominal fat percentage (AFP) in chicken adipose development (Pearson's r=0.627, P<0.001). The region analyzed for DNA methylation was from −12 to −520 bp upstream of the translation start codon ATG, and had five CpG sites, where only the DNA methylation levels of CpG5 located at position −490 bp were significantly higher in lean compared to fat chickens at 5 and 6 weeks (P<0.05) and were significantly negatively correlated with PLIN1 mRNA levels and AFP (P<0.05). These results shed new light on the regulation of hypertrophic growth in chicken adipose development.
Radar-derived convective storms' climatology for the Prut River basin: 2003–2017
Authors: Burcea Sorin , Cică Roxana , Bojariu Roxana 
Published: July 2019

Abstract. Weather radar measurements are used to study the
climatology of convective storms and their characteristics in the
transboundary Prut River basin. The Storm Cell Identification and Tracking
(SCIT) algorithm was used to process the volumetric reflectivity
measurements, in order to identify, characterize, and track the convective
storm cells. The storm attribute table output of the algorithm was used to
separate the convective from the stratiform storm cells, by applying a
simple selection criterion based on the average vertically integrated liquid
(VIL) values. The radar-derived characteristics of convective storms were
used to document the spatial and temporal distributions and storm
properties in terms of duration, distance travelled, movement direction, and
intensity. The results show that 94.3 % of all convective storm cells were
detected during May–August, with the peak in July. The peak time for
convective storm cells' occurrence was in the afternoon and evening hours
between 10:00 and 18:00 UTC. The median duration of a convective storm was 42 min, the median distance travelled was 23 km, and the median movement speed
was 7.7 m s−1. The average movement of storms varied with months, but
overall most convective storms move from the south-west and south–south-east.
Also, the analysis shows that the longer-lasting convective storms were the
most intense. The spatial distribution of the convective cells reveals
yearly variation patterns and hotspots but also highlights the limitations
of radar measurement at longer distances. Reanalysis data suggest that low
values of sea level pressure over the Black Sea can act as a dynamical
driver of convective storms in the analysed area.
A CELL-CULTURING SYSTEM FOR THE STUDY OF INTERACTION BETWEEN MACROPHAGES INFECTED WITH Leishmania amazonensis
Authors: Giorgio Selma , Henrique Gallo-Francisco Pedro 
Published: July 2019

The cell culture insert system is a culturing system for the study of contact-independent cellular communication. Leishmaniasis is a neglect tropical disease with no vaccines and the availabledrugs present toxic side effects. Studies on Leishmania interaction with host macrophages aim to develop strategies for parasite control and drug development. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of interaction between non-infected and L. amazonensis-infected human macrophages, by using the cell culture system. The results showed that the infection index was reduced by 56.2% as compared to controls only when infected macrophages were inserted on both sides of the Transwell membranes. An improvement in macrophage viability was also observed in this cell culture. The levels of interleukin-1β, an inflammatory cytokine, and nitric oxide, a microbicidal molecule, did not increase in L. amazonensis-infected macrophagecultures in the Transwell system; thus other soluble factors were responsible for parasite control.
Wittgenstein, Aspect Blindness, and White Supremacy
Authors: Spoto Stephanie 
Published: July 2019

AbstractWittgenstein's theory of aspect perception has been taken up by scholars interested in the ways that people take in and interpret visual stimuli. Within this field of inquiry, Wittgenstein proposes the notion of “aspect blindness,” the failure of a person to see a particular aspect or expression. An important turn in the use of Wittgenstein's aspect perception has not always been in the ways that deviating perspectives fail to “see” in the same way that the normative category “sees,” but in the ways that those on the constructed margins turn a critical eye on the failure of normative “seeing.” Using this framework, this article turns to critique the racism and “aspect blindness” embedded in whiteness. It examines Enlightenment scientific racism and the racialized hierarchies used as the justification for excluding some people from the category of humanity. The work finishes by linking with insights developed within the Black Lives Matter movement.
Reclaiming Josephine Baker in the Filmic Ethnomusicology of Djibril Diop Mambéty
Authors: Fisher Alexander 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis paper proposes an ethnomusicological approach to Djibril Diop Mambéty’s films as a means of reading their diverse musical soundscapes. Paying particular attention to Touki Bouki (1974), it demonstrates how this approach delineates what may be seen as a reclamation of Josephine Baker—an international figure who has been objectified for her race and gender—resituating her within a wider global African cultural heritage.