bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Septate junctions regulate gut homeostasis through regulation of stem cell proliferation and enterocyte behavior in Drosophila
Authors: Izumi Yasushi , Furuse Kyoko , Furuse Mikio 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACT
Smooth septate junctions (sSJs) contribute to the epithelial barrier, which restricts leakage of solutes through the paracellular route in epithelial cells of the Drosophila midgut. We previously identified three sSJ-associated membrane proteins, Ssk, Mesh and Tsp2A, and showed that these proteins were required for sSJ formation and intestinal barrier function in the larval midgut. Here, we investigated the roles of sSJs in the Drosophila adult midgut. Depletion of any of the sSJ proteins from enterocytes resulted in remarkably shortened lifespan and intestinal barrier dysfunction in flies. Interestingly, the sSJ-protein-deficient flies showed intestinal hypertrophy accompanied by accumulation of morphologically abnormal enterocytes. The phenotype was associated with increased stem cell proliferation and activation of the MAPK and Jak-Stat pathways in stem cells. Loss of the cytokines Unpaired 2 and Unpaired 3, which are involved in Jak-Stat pathway activation, reduced the intestinal hypertrophy, but not the increased stem cell proliferation, in flies lacking Mesh. The present findings suggest that SJs play a crucial role in maintaining tissue homeostasis through regulation of stem cell proliferation and enterocyte behavior in the Drosophila adult midgut.
FcRn mediates fast recycling of endocytosed albumin and IgG from early macropinosomes in primary macrophages
Authors: Toh Wei Hong , Louber Jade , Mahmoud Ismail S. , Chia Jenny , Bass Greg T. , Dower Steve K. , Verhagen Anne M. , Gleeson Paul A. 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACT
The neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) rescues albumin and IgG from degradation following endocytosis and thereby extends the half-life of these plasma proteins. However, the pathways for the uptake of these soluble FcRn ligands, and the recycling itinerary of the FcRn–ligand complexes, have not been identified in primary cells. Here, we have defined the recycling of human albumin and IgG in primary mouse macrophages selectively expressing the human FcRn. Albumin is internalised by macropinocytosis; in the absence of FcRn, internalised albumin is rapidly degraded, while in the presence of FcRn albumin colocalises to SNX5-positive membrane domains and is partitioned into tubules emanating from early macropinosomes for delivery in transport carriers to the plasma membrane. Soluble monomeric IgG was also internalised by macropinocytosis and rapidly recycled by the same pathway. In contrast, the fate of IgG bound to surface Fcγ receptors differed from monomeric IgG endocytosed by macropinocytosis. Overall, our findings identify a rapid recycling pathway for FcRn ligands from early macropinosomes to the cell surface of primary cells.
Facile Preparation of Highly Luminescent Materials by Electrostatic Immobilization of Anionic Metal Complex onto Anion-Exchanger as Exemplified with Tri-Terbium(III) Cluster Complex of Thiacalix[4]arene-p-tetrasulfonate
Authors: Shiraishi Narumi , Karashimada Ryunosuke , Iki Nobuhiko 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
We propose a strategy to prepare luminescence materials via simple and organic solvent-free fashion by mixing an anionic luminescent complex with an anion exchanging support. As a proof-of-concept, we employed the heptaanionic TbIII complex Tb3TCAS2 (TCAS = thiacalix[4]arene-p-tetrasulfonate) and QAE Sephadex A-25, a dextran support bearing anion exchanging groups. By stirring a mixture of TCAS and dextran (1.0 µmol Tb3TCAS2/50 mg dextran), 99.8% of Tb3TCAS2 was successfully immobilized within 2 h. The electrostatic interactions were strong enough to irreversibly bind Tb3TCAS2 to the dextran. The material exhibited TbIII-centered luminescence upon excitation of the TCAS center. The luminescent lifetime and quantum yield were 1.18 ms and 45.5%, respectively. When the amount of Tb3TCAS2 immobilized on the dextran was reduced to 1.0 nmol/50 mg dextran, the lifetime increased to 1.32 ms, suggesting concentration quenching above 1.0 µmol Tb3TCAS2/50 mg dextran. On the other hand, the luminescence quantum yield decreased to 3.1%, suggesting that the absorption of excited light by the support was not negligible. Preparation of the materials in D2O resulted in increases in the lifetime and quantum yields to 1.32 ms and 44%, respectively.
Ecosystem-based management of seaweed harvesting
Authors: Lotze Heike K. , Milewski Inka , Fast Julia , Kay Lauren , Worm Boris 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Harvesting wild seaweeds has a long history and is still relevant today, even though aquaculture now supplies >96% of global seaweed production. Current wild harvests mostly target canopy-forming kelp, rockweed and red macroalgae that provide important ecosystem roles, including primary production, carbon storage, nutrient cycling, habitat provision, biodiversity and fisheries support. Harvest methods range from selective hand-cutting to bottom trawling. Resulting ecosystem impacts depend on extraction method and scale, ranging from changes in primary production to habitat disruption, fragmentation, food-web alterations and bycatch of non-target species. Current management often aims for sustainable harvesting in a single-species context, although some agencies acknowledge the wider ecosystem structure, functions and services seaweeds provide. We outline potential ecosystem-based management approaches that would help sustain productive and diverse seaweed-based ecosystems. These include maintaining high canopy biomass, recovery potential, habitat structure and connectivity, limiting bycatch and discards, while incorporating seasonal closures and harvest-exclusion zones into spatial management plans. Other sustainability considerations concern monitoring, enforcement and certification standards, a shift to aquaculture, and addressing cumulative human impacts, invasive species and climate change. Our review provides a concise overview on how to define and operationalize ecosystem-based management of seaweed harvesting that can inform ongoing management and conservation efforts.
Reduction: The Solution to Mind Representation?
Authors: Cui Yanying , Wei Yidong 
Published: August 2019

AbstractChomsky is an evolutionary figure in linguistics. His greatest contribution lies in transformational generative grammar, which put an end to the leading position structuralism had held in language for more than 30 years. His naturalistic methodology has greatly influenced the research of both linguistics and psychology, and he is also considered to be the first to study language from the cognitive perspective. He insists on a naturalistic methodology; therefore, he was even considered by some to be a physicalist. However, this is not the case. On the contrary, TGG, as a critique of the behaviorist view of language, is intertwined with a critique of physicalism. On the one hand, he thinks the mind, like chemical elements and electrons, can be approached from a third-person perspective; on the other hand, he again admits there exists consciousness, which can be merely approached in terms of a first-person authority, which, therefore, is a fatal challenge to his core theory. Now there remains a new solution to this dilemma, that is, to admit that the mind is a special natural phenomenon with two means of existence: one is involved in physical aspects with the brain, and the other is concerned with something mental, with the former approached by a third-person perspective and the latter better researched via a first-person authority.
From Semantics to Semiotics
Authors: Kalelioğlu Murat 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe aim of this study is to analyze the semantic organization of the text “Shooting an Elephant.” The research is carried out with a multidisciplinary perspective using semantic and semiotic data. The theory of semantics is used to examine the words which predominately form the meaning universe of the text. The analysis is fulfilled within the scope of meaning relations as denotation/connotation and synonymy/antonymy in the lexical field. Then the transsentential signs which have a critical role in the construction of the semantic universe of the text are interpreted in the sense of semiotics. The production process of the descriptive, narrative, and thematic meaning layers is revealed throughout the study. Besides bringing the semantic universe of the narrative with its constructive components to light over the course of the study, the impressive dominance of particular signs and their contribution to the narrative are discussed to reveal the loss of identity of the West.
Metaphors and Dehumanization Ideology
Authors: Li Chaoyuan 
Published: August 2019

AbstractRich literature on the representation of women in advertising has repeatedly concluded a message in keeping with a GDP-promoting agenda: with economic development and modernization, women’s status has been elevated and they appear in professional and other settings beyond domesticity. Amid this optimism, the present study cautions that women’s elevated status and transformed roles should not give way to the exuberance on display in many sectors. Motivated by the unusual persistence of women’s decorative role against the background of pro-egalitarian industrialization and modernity, this study, drawing on advertising discourse inCosmopolitan, the world’s leading women’s magazine, aims to investigate the gender ideology that dehumanizes women by exploring the various dehumanizing metaphors and the visual and linguistic codes deployed to construct the metaphors. In identifying and analyzing two major dehumanizing metaphors – WOMEN ARE OBJECTS and WOMEN ARE ANIMALS – this study outlines a critical metaphorical landscape that goes beyond the warfare metaphor which is popular in various fields (e.g. women, health care, and economy), and highlights HUMAN BEINGS ARE THINGS metaphors as a major instrument in constructing dehumanizing discourse and ideology.
Investigation of the Temperature Effect on the Electrical Parameters of a Photovoltaic Module at Ouargla City
Authors: Khelfaoui Narimane , Djafour Ahmed , Bouali Khadidja , Danoune Mohamed Bilal , Gougui Abdelmoumon , Boutelli Halima 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
To predict the I-V characteristics of the photovoltaic module, five parameters photovoltaic model Abstract: To predict the I-V characteristics of the photovoltaic module, five parameters photovoltaic model was utilized. The most influential parameters in the photovoltaic module are the solar irradiance level (E) and the temperature (T). The present research was conducted due to the high-temperature values in Ouargla city (can reach 60 °C in the hot season), which will affect remarkably the installed PV installations in this region. The experimental was done in several days cause the investigation need a constant irradiance values with different temperature. The temperature of a photovoltaic module varies according to other conditions, the temperature measurements made on the rear face of the PV module may not be indicative due to a temperature gradient in the material of the rear face of the module. Unfortunately, photovoltaic systems manufacturers do not take into consideration these environmental circumstances which negatively influence the module parameters and yielded deterioration in the system efficiency. The aim of this paper is to investigate the effect of the temperature term on the electrical performances such as the open circuit voltage (Voc), short circuit current (Isc), optimal power (Pm) and Fill Factor. The temperature distribution is non-uniform temperature on the surface of PV modules joined to that of the quality of temperature measurements affects the values of temperature coefficients found. To validate a model allows the researcher to get approximately the I-V characteristic similar to the experiment values. It use the conventional technique (Newton Raphson method) and it was compared by an artificial intelligent method which is the PSO technique, the five parameters estimated (Iph, Is, Rs, Rp, n). This proposed approach can be utilized to model any marketable PV module based on given datasheet parameters only. Statistical indicators were adopted to evaluate the performance of the proposed models; where the relative error of the PSO method comes more less the conventional method.
Swearword strength in subtitled and dubbed films: A reception study
Authors: Briechle Lucia , Eppler Eva Duran 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
In this paper we present the results of the first empirical reception study on the comparative strength of swearwords in two audiovisual translation (AVT) modes. We test the assumption/hypothesis that swearwords are perceived as stronger in writing (i.e. subtitles) than in spoken language (i.e. dubbing), which has led to the long-held translation practice of toning down or deleting swearwords more in subtitles than in dubbing. By means of an online survey, participants were asked to a) rate the psychological distance between the connotative meanings of swearwords embedded in ten film clips on a four-point strength scale, and b) comment on their ratings in open-ended text boxes. The results of various types of quantitative analysis show that our participants do not rate swearwords in subtitles higher than in dubbed clips. The qualitative analysis identified contextual factors (genre/director of film, participating characters and their relationship, setting and linguistic context) as well as viewer characteristics (gender, swearing habits and reactions to swearing) as main determinants of swearword strength. The convention of toning down or deleting swearwords more in subtitles than in dubbed audiovisual products thus seems to be based on an invalid assumption and ought to be abandoned altogether.
Evaluation of alternative conformal mapping for geospatial data in Jordan
Authors: Habib Maan , Al-Fugara A’kif M. S. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractMap projection is required to convert geodetic position of features on the earth’s surface onto a flat sheet to produce a map. Conformality is necessary for many large-scale maps to maintain angles and scale at any point in all directions. However, over extended area there is distortion due to the change of scale from one point to another. This research conducts a comparative analytical study of the recent established conformal projection, Transverse Mercator, in Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan with another proposed one. In fact, the suggested projection will be chosen to represent the area in single zone, balance errors in linear scale to minimize them especially in the capital and other major population centers, and to meet the requirements of modern surveying techniques. The main objective of this study is to apply possibility of Stereographic projection to find out the most suitable system for mapping in Jordan depending on the previous criteria and double projection approach by using ArcGIS system to define its optimum parameters.
Crystal structure of the co-crystal N,N′-bis(3-pyridylmethyl)oxalamide acetic acid (1/2), C14H14N4O2⋅2C2H4O2
Authors: Tan Sang Loon , Tiekink Edward R.T. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
C18H22N4O6, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 5.03050(10) Å, b = 12.4151(4) Å, c = 15.5353(5) Å, α = 96.186(3)°, β = 98.961(2)°, γ = 96.669(2)°, V = 944.05(5) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0421, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1213, T = 100 K.
Crystal structure of hexacarbonyl-bis(μ2-di-n-propyldithiocarbamato-κ3
S,S′:S;κ3
S:S:S′)-di-rhenium(I), C20H28N2O6Re2S4
Authors: Lo Kong Mun , Lee See Mun , Heard Peter J. , Tiekink Edward R.T. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
C20H28N2O6Re2S4, monoclinic, C2/c (no. 15), a = 17.9296(4) Å, b = 9.60120(10) Å, c = 16.1859(3) Å, β = 103.934(2)°, V = 2704.34(9) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0336, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0902, T = 100 K.
Statistical versus neural machine translation – a case study for a medium size domain-specific bilingual corpus
Authors: Jassem Krzysztof , Dwojak Tomasz 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Neural Machine Translation (NMT) has recently achieved promising results for a number of translation pairs. Although the method requires larger volumes of data and more computational power than Statistical Machine Translation (SMT), it is believed to become dominant in near future. In this paper we evaluate SMT and NMT models learned on a domain-specific English-Polish corpus of a moderate size (1,200,000 segments). The experiment shows that both solutions significantly outperform a general-domain online translator. The SMT model achieves a slightly better BLEU score than the NMT model. On the other hand, the process of decoding is noticeably faster in NMT. Human evaluation carried out on a sizeable sample of translations (2,000 pairs) reveals the superiority of the NMT approach, particularly in the aspect of output fluency.
Positron-emitting radionuclides for applications, with special emphasis on their production methodologies for medical use
Authors: Qaim Syed M. , Scholten Bernhard , Spahn Ingo , Neumaier Bernd 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
A survey of the positron-emitting radionuclides over the whole mass range of the Periodic Table of Elements was carried out. As already known, positrons are preferably emitted from light mass neutron deficient radionuclides. Their emission from heavier mass nuclides is rather rare. The applications of positron annihilation in three areas, namely materials research, plant physiology and medical diagnosis, are reported. The methods of production of positron emitters are discussed, with emphasis on radionuclides presently attracting more attention in theranostics and multimodal imaging. Some future perspectives of radionuclide development technologies are considered.
Effect of Cutting Temperature on Bending Properties of Carbon Fibre Reinforced Plastics
Authors: Wang Ben , Yang Bowen , Wang Minghai , Zheng Yaohui , Hong Xianjun , Zhang Fan 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
High cutting temperatures are easily generated during the machining of carbon fibre reinforced plastics (CFRP) and can induce serious damage during machining such as delamination. The purpose of this paper is to study the influence of cutting temperature on the performance of CFRP after machining. CFRP specimens were heated to temperatures within the vicinity of cutting temperatures generated during machining, then air-cooled and their bending properties investigated. The results showed that temperature had significant influence on the bending stress of CFRP. With increasing temperature, bending stress decreased and was lowest when the temperature was close to the glass-transition temperature. It was concluded that the bending properties of CFRP could be seriously affected if the material temperature was close to the glass-transition temperature and maintained for a period. As a result, cutting temperature should be kept lower than the glass transition temperature during machining.
The expression levels of miR-655-3p, miR127-5p, miR-369-3p, miR-544a in gastric cancer
Authors: Alsaadoni Hani , Çaykara Burcu , Pençe Sadrettin , Pençe Halime Hanım , Bademler Süleyman 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Background
Gastric cancer, one of the most common cancers in the world, is a multifactorial disease in which environmental and genetic factors play a role. In our study, we aimed to determine the expression levels of four miRNAs (miR127-5p, miR-544a, miR-369-3p and miR-655-3p) on chromosome 14q32 in gastric cancer.

Materials and methods
Total RNA was isolated from blood samples taken from 66 gastric cancer and 66 healthy individuals. The gene expression levels determined by cDNA and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction were analyzed according to the 2−∆∆Ct method. SPSS 22 were used for statistical analysis and p < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.

Results and discussion
miR-655-3p (fold change: 100, p = 0.026), miR-127-5p (fold change: 48, p < 0.001) and miR-369-3p (fold change: 1.6, p > 0.05) was less expressed in the gastric cancer group than control group. miR-544a was found 15.5-fold more expressed in the patient group than control group (fold change: 15.47, p < 0.001).

Conclusion
miR127-5p, miR-544a, and miR-655-3p may be evaluated as biomarkers in gastric cancer.
Effect of Degree of Hydrolysis of Polyvinyl Alcohol on Adhesive Properties of Cement Mortar
Authors: Wang Baomin , Xing Yunqing 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is widely used in the building industry to improve the fresh and hardened properties of cement composites. In this article, the effect of partially and fully hydrolyzed PVA on physical and adhesive properties of fresh and hardened cement mortar was investigated. Results showed that both partially and fully hydrolyzed PVA could significantly improve the adhesive properties of cement mortar. The mode of rupture changed from mostly interfacial rupture without PVA in cement mortar to mixed-mode interfacial-cohesive rupture with 1.5 wt.% PVA. Partially hydrolyzed PVA-modified cement mortars had smaller bulk density and higher fluidity compared with fully hydrolyzed PVA. X-ray powder diffraction, thermal analysis, mercury intrusion porosimetry, and scanning electron microscopy were used to investigate cement hydration and microstructure of PVA-modified cement composites. As a result, fully hydrolyzed PVA was more conducive to promote cement hydration and had smaller impact on crystal structure and content of calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) compared with partially hydrolyzed PVA. Besides, the addition of both partially and fully hydrolyzed PVA affected the morphology and the oriented growth of Ca(OH)2 in cement composites. Furthermore, PVA-modified mortar had finer pore size distribution and higher porosity than unmodified mortar.
The Role of BTBD9 in Striatum and Restless Legs Syndrome
Authors: Lyu Shangru , Xing Hong , DeAndrade Mark P. , Liu Yuning , Perez Pablo D. , Yokoi Fumiaki , Febo Marcelo , Walters Arthur S. , Li Yuqing 
Published: August 2019

AbstractRestless legs syndrome (RLS) is a sensory-motor neurological disorder characterized by uncomfortable sensations in the extremities, generally at night, which is often relieved by movements. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified mutations inBTBD9conferring a higher risk of RLS. Knockout of theBTBD9homolog in mice (Btbd9) and fly results in motor restlessness and sleep disruption. Clinical studies have found RLS patients have structural and functional abnormalities in the striatum; however, whether and how striatal pathology contributes to the pathogenesis of RLS is not known. Here, we used fMRI to map regions of altered synaptic activity in basal ganglia of systematicBtbd9knock-out (KO) mice. We further dissected striatal circuits using patch-clamp electrophysiological recordings in brain slices. Two different mouse models were generated to test the effect of specific knockout ofBtbd9in either striatal medium spiny neurons (MSNs) or cholinergic interneurons (ChIs) using the electrophysiological recording, motor and sensory behavioral tests. We found thatBtbd9KO mice showed enhanced neural activity in the striatum, increased postsynaptic currents in the MSNs, and decreased excitability of the striatal ChIs. Knocking outBtbd9specifically in the striatal MSNs, but not the ChIs, led to rest-phase specific motor restlessness, sleep disturbance, and increased thermal sensation in mice, which are consistent with results obtained from theBtbd9KO mice. Our data establish the role ofBtbd9in regulating the activity of striatal neurons. Increased activity of the striatal MSNs, possibly through modulation by the striatal ChIs, contributes to the pathogenesis of RLS.