bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aquaporins in brain edema
Authors: Clément Tifenn , Rodriguez‐Grande Beatriz , Badaut Jérôme 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBrain edema is a common feature of brain injuries, which leads to increased intracranial pressure (ICP) and ischemia that worsen outcome. Current management of edema focuses on reduction of ICP, but there are no treatments targeting the molecular players directly involved in edema process. The perivascular astrocyte endfeet are critical in maintaining brain homeostasis with ionic and water exchange; in this context, aquaporins (AQPs), astrocyte water channels, have emerged as privileged targets for edema modulation. However, AQPs can facilitate either accumulation or drainage of water, depending on the osmotic gradients between extra‐intracellular space; and thus inhibition of AQPs leads to different outcomes depending on specific tissue characteristics and time post‐injury. Most of this knowledge has been gathered from the study of AQP4, the best characterized AQP and the one that has the biggest impact on water movement. In addition to the level of expression, the ratio of AQP4 isoforms (m1, m23 or mz), the spatial distribution of AQP4 into orthogonal arrays of particles, and the interaction of AQP4 with neighboring ionic channels and gap junctions could directly impact edema formation. Although there are no specific AQP4 pharmacological blockers, the development of AQP4 siRNA offers a promising therapeutic tool. Given the complex dynamics of AQP4, therapies targeting AQP4 should carefully take into account the particular features of the injury (e.g., hemorrhagic vs. non‐hemorrhagic) and different times after injury (e.g., phase of edema formation vs. resolution).
Synergism and Interfacial Property Study of Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate and Polysorbate 80 at the Air–Water Interface
Authors: Desai Shobha V. , Bhagwat Sunil S. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractAdsorption and micellization behavior of sodium lauryl ether sulfate (SLES) and Polysorbate 80 (PS80) was investigated using equilibrium and dynamic surface tension and foaming measurements. Critical micelle concentration (CMC) was determined using surface tension and dye (Sudan red III) solubilization method with the help of the Wilhelmy plate method and ultraviolet–visible spectroscopic method, respectively. The strength of the interaction for micellization and adsorption between the mixtures are calculated using the β interaction parameter. The SLES‐PS80 mixture shows synergistic interaction with β = −8.0. The dynamic and foaming behavior at constant bulk concentration showed a higher t
* value with lowest foaming at 50% mole fraction of SLES. The emulsification index (EI) of pure SLES, pure PS 80, and 1:1 SLES‐PS 80 composition was studied using neem, karanja, and sunflower oils. Karanja and sunflower oils show a higher EI for mixture than the pure surfactants, whereas neem shows a lower EI for mixture than pure surfactants.
Renal Epithelial Monolayer Formation on Monomeric and Polymeric Catechol Functionalized Supramolecular Biomaterials
Authors: van Gaal Ronald C. , Fedecostante Michele , Fransen Peter‐Paul K.H. , Masereeuw Rosalinde , Dankers Patricia Y.W. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractInduction of a functional, tight monolayer of renal epithelial cells on a synthetic membrane to be applied in a bioartificial kidney device requires for bio‐activation of the membrane. The current golden standard in bio‐activation is the combination of a random polymeric catechol (L‐DOPA) coating and collagen type IV (Col IV). Here the possibility of replacing this with defined monomeric catechol functionalization on a biomaterial surface using supramolecular ureido‐pyrimidinone (UPy)‐moieties is investigated. Monomeric catechols modified with a UPy‐unit are successfully incorporated and presented in supramolecular UPy‐polymer films and membranes. Unfortunately, these UPy‐catechols are unable to improve epithelial cell monolayer formation over time, solely or in combination with Col IV. L‐DOPA combined with Col IV is able to induce a tight monolayer capable of transport on electrospun supramolecular UPy‐membranes. This study shows that a random polymeric catechol coating cannot be simply mimicked by defined monomeric catechols as supramolecular additives. There is still a long way to go in order to synthetically mimic simple natural structures.
Photo‐Modulating Multicolor Photoluminescence Including White‐Light Emission from a Photochromic Copolymer
Authors: Gu Fan , Zhang Chengjie , Ma Xiang 
Published: November 2018

AbstractOrganic photochromic materials have always been a hot topic among scientists, ascribed to its broad applications and characteristic properties of photo‐modulating multicolor photoluminescence. Meanwhile, white‐light emission of organic materials has drawn considerable attention in recent years. Herein, these two concepts are combined together to make an achievement in a photochromic copolymer with white‐light emission. A novel amorphous polyacrylamide copolymer consisting of tetraphenylethylene (TPE) and spiropyran (SP) monomers is synthesized, which is capable of emitting fluorescence with tunable colors including white‐light one with Commission Internationale de L’éclairage coordinates (0.33, 0.33). This new concept provides an available approach to obtain white‐light emission materials which will exert far‐reaching influence in its further development.
α‐Synuclein species as potential cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers for dementia with lewy bodies
Authors: van Steenoven Inger , Majbour Nour K. , Vaikath Nishant N. , Berendse Henk W. , van der Flier Wiesje M. , van de Berg Wilma D.J. , Teunissen Charlotte E. , Lemstra Afina W. , El‐Agnaf Omar M.A. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBackground: The objective of this study was to investigate the discriminating value of a range of CSF α‐synuclein species for dementia with Lewy bodies compared with Alzheimer's disease, PD, and cognitively normal controls.Methods: We applied our recently published enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays to measure the CSF levels of total α‐synuclein, oligomeric α‐synuclein, and phosphorylated α‐synuclein in dementia with Lewy bodies (n = 42), Alzheimer's disease (n = 39), PD (n = 46), and controls (n = 78). General linear models corrected for age and sex were performed to assess differences in α‐synuclein levels between groups. We used backward‐elimination logistic regression analysis to investigate the combined discriminating value of the different CSF α‐synuclein species and Alzheimer's disease biomarkers.Results: CSF levels of total α‐synuclein were lower in dementia with Lewy bodies and PD compared with Alzheimer's disease as well as controls (P < 0.001). In contrast, CSF levels of oligomeric α‐synuclein were higher in dementia with Lewy bodies and PD compared with Alzheimer's disease (P < 0.05) and controls (P < 0.001). No group differences were found for phosphorylated α‐synuclein. In dementia with Lewy bodies and PD, CSF total α‐synuclein levels positively correlated with tau and phosphorylated tau (both r > 0.40, P < 0.01), but not with amyloid‐β1‐42. The optimal combination to differentiate dementia with Lewy bodies from controls consisted of amyloid‐β1‐42, tau, total α‐synuclein, oligomeric α‐synuclein, age, and sex (AUC, 0.90). To differentiate dementia with Lewy bodies from Alzheimer's disease, the combination of tau and oligomeric α‐synuclein resulted in an AUC of 0.83. CSF α‐synuclein species do not contribute to the differentiation of dementia with Lewy bodies from PD.Conclusions: CSF α‐synuclein species could be useful as part of a biomarker panel for dementia with Lewy bodies. Evaluating both oligomeric α‐synuclein and total α‐synuclein in CSF helps in the diagnosis of dementia with Lewy bodies. © 2018 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Three‐dimensional NMR microscopy of zebrafish specimens
Authors: Kline Timothy L. , Sussman Caroline R. , Irazabal Maria V. , Mishra Prasanna K. , Pearson Elisabeth A. , Torres Vicente E. , Macura Slobodan I. 
Published: November 2018

While zebrafish embryos in the first five days after fertilization are clear and amenable to optical analysis, older juveniles and adults are not, due to pigmentation development and tissue growth. Thus other imaging methods are needed to image adult specimens. NMR is a versatile tool for studies of biological systems and has been successfully used for in vivo zebrafish microscopy. In this work we use NMR microscopy (MRM) for assessment of zebrafish specimens, which includes imaging of formalin fixed (FF), formalin fixed and paraffin embedded (FFPE), fresh (unfixed), and FF gadolinium doped specimens. To delineate the size and shape of various organs we concentrated on 3D MRM. We have shown that at 7 T a 3D NMR image can be obtained with isotropic resolution of 50 μm/pxl within 10 min and 25 μm/pxl within 4 h. Also, we have analyzed sources of contrast and have found that in FF specimens the best contrast is obtained byT1weighting (3D FLASH, 3D FISP), whereas in FFPE specimensT2weighting (3D RARE) is the best. We highlight an approach to perform segmentation of the organs in order to study morphological changes associated with mutations. The broader implication of this work is development of NMR methodology for high contrast and high resolution serial imaging and automated analysis of morphology of various zebrafish mutants.
Food Is Medicine: A Qualitative Analysis of Patient and Institutional Barriers to Successful Surgical Nutrition Practices in an Enhanced Recovery After Surgery Setting
Authors: Gillis Chelsia , Martin Lisa , Gill Marlyn , Gilmour Loreen , Nelson Gregg , Gramlich Leah 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBackgroundClose adherence to the Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) program is associated with improved outcomes. A nutrition‐focused qualitative analysis of patient experience and of ERAS implementation across our province was conducted to better understand the barriers to successful adoption of ERAS nutrition elements.MethodsEnrolled colorectal patients (n = 27) were asked to describe their surgical experience. Narrative interviews (n = 20) and focus groups (n = 7) were transcribed verbatim and analyzed inductively for food and nutrition themes. Qualitative data sources (n = 198 documents) collected throughout our implementation of ERAS were categorized as institutional barriers that impeded the successful adoption of ERAS nutrition practices.ResultsWe identified patient barriers related to 3 main themes. The first theme,Mistaken nutrition facts & beliefs, describes how information provision was a key barrier to the successful adoption of nutrition elements. Patients held misconceptions and providers tended to provide them with contradictory nutrition messages, ultimately impeding adequate food intake and adherence to ERAS elements. The second theme,White bread is good for the soul?, represents a mismatch between prescribed medical diets and patient priorities. The third theme,Food is medicine, details patient beliefs that food is healing; the perception that nutritious food and dietary support was lacking produced dissatisfaction among patients. Overall, the most important institutional barrier limiting successful adoption of nutrition practices was the lack of education for patients and providers.ConclusionApplying a patient‐centered model of care that focuses on personalizing the ERAS nutrition elements might be a useful strategy to improve patient satisfaction, encourage food intake, correct previously held beliefs, and promote care adherence.
Postpartum depression symptoms among Syrian refugee women living in Jordan
Authors: Mohammad Khitam I. , Abu Awad Doaa , Creedy Debra K. , Gamble Jenny 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACTPostpartum depression (PPD) is recognized as a common maternal health problem, but few studies have investigated the postpartum mental health of refugee women. In this cross‐sectional study, we investigated the prevalence of PPD symptoms and associated factors among Syrian refugee women living in north Jordan. Women (N = 365) were recruited from four health care centers in Ramtha and Jarash, cities in northern Jordan. Participants completed a demographic data form, the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), and the Maternal Social Support Scale at 6–8 weeks postpartum. Half (49.6%; n = 181) of the Syrian refugee women scored >12 on the EPDS. PPD symptoms were significantly associated with low social support, low monthly income, and recent immigration (less than 2 years). There is a high level of PPD symptoms among Syrian refugee women, many of whom are living in poverty and with limited social support. The results highlight the need for immediate action by governments to support childbearing refugee women with early screening for psychosocial risk and respond to women's physical and mental health, and social needs through interservice collaboration. Social support programs would meet an important need for these women, as would ongoing assessment by health professionals and early intervention for women who screen positive for PPD.
Nanothermites: A short Review. Factsheet for Experimenters, Present and Future Challenges
Authors: Comet Marc , Martin Cédric , Schnell Fabien , Spitzer Denis 
Published: November 2018

AbstractNanothermites are the most important family of energetic materials in contemporary pyrotechnics. This article traces the main research which was carried out in this still recent domain and the challenges that remain to be overcome. The academic effort of past two decades has brought nanothermites from the status of laboratory curiosities to the one of pre‐industrial materials. Different aspects of nanothermites are discussed in order to provide valuable information to scientists experimenting in this domain. Experimental details on the preparation and the disposal of nanothermites are reported. The current research on nanothermites deals with: (i) the development of new aluminothermic mixtures; (ii) the preparation of hybrid compositions by combining nanothermites with explosive nanopowders and (iii) the study of reactive properties. From an academic standpoint, the future challenges are to find new compositions and effects. From a practical standpoint, the effort must focus on the integration of nanothermites and their derivatives in pyrotechnic systems. Toxicological concerns are expected to become increasingly important over the next decade.
Resonant electron capture by uridine and deoxyuridine molecules: Fragmentation with charge transfer
Authors: Muftakhov Mars V. , Shchukin Pavel V. 
Published: November 2018

RationaleCharge transfer via DNA plays an important role in physical and chemical processes in biological systems, and is used in biomolecular electronics. The present study considers the resonant interaction of free electrons with nucleosides, which is important for an understanding of the processes of electron transport in DNA.MethodsResonant electron capture negative ion mass spectrometry was used to study the processes of low‐energy electron attachment to two uracil nucleosides, uridine and deoxyuridine, while density functional theory (DFT) calculations were used to analyze the energy aspects of ion formation and decay.ResultsShort‐lived molecular ions, formed via mechanisms of π* shape resonances, were found in the energy region below 5 eV. The fragmentation channels of these resonances and the structures of the charged and neutral products formed were determined.ConclusionsThese results suggest that the formation of some fragment negative ions occurs through intramolecular charge transfer.
Coming to terms: Addressing the persistence of “hands‐on” and other reform terminology in the era of science as practice
Authors: Furtak Erin Marie , Penuel William R. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractIn recent years, the focus of science education reform has shifted to engaging students in three‐dimensional science learning experiences aligned with the National Research Council's () Framework for K‐12 Science Education. This movement has been associated with a focus on students participating in science as practice, which represents a significant shift from previous reform efforts, that focused on scientific inquiry. In our experiences as educational researchers deeply engaged in partnerships with teachers, administrators, district, and state science curriculum supervisors, as well as in public‐facing conversations about standards aligned with theFramework, we have repeatedly found ourselves in conversations about how the new reforms are similar or different to scientific inquiry, as well as other previous waves of reform. In this article, we revisit key terms that describe the emphasis of different waves of reforms, including the current ones, to support conversations with others outside the research community about stability and change in the purposes of science education. We highlight important nuances and differences between the vision of reform presented in theFrameworkand past visions, with the intention of informing conversations about science as practice, the central importance of phenomena, and incremental sensemaking.
Naringenin inhibited migration and invasion of glioblastoma cells through multiple mechanisms
Authors: Chen Yen‐Yu , Chang Yuh‐Ming , Wang Kuan‐Yi , Chen Pei‐Ni , Hseu You‐Cheng , Chen Ke‐Min , Yeh Kun‐Tu , Chen Chih‐Jung , Hsu Li‐Sung 
Published: November 2018

AbstractGlioblastoma (GBM) is the most mortality brain cancer in the world. Due to high invasion and drug resistance cause the poor prognosis of GBM. Naringenin, an ingredient of citrus, exhibits many cellular functions such as antioxidant, anti‐inflammation, and anticancer. Naringenin inhibits the migration of bladder and lung cancer via modulation of MMP‐2 and/or MMP‐9 activities, Naringenin inhibits migration and trigger apoptosis in gastric cancer cells through downregulation of AKT pathway. However, the effects of naringenin in GBM still remain to be elucidated. In this study, we reveal the molecular mechanisms of naringenin in the inhibition of migration and invasion in GBM. No overt alternation of cell proliferation was found in of GBM 8901 cells treated with different concentration of naringenin. Slight decreased cell viability was found in GBM 8401 cell treated with 200 and 300 μM naringenin. Significant reduction of migration and invasion as assayed by Boyden chamber analysis was found in of GBM cells treated with 100, 200, and 300 μM naringenin. Zymography analysis also revealed that the activities of MMP‐2 and MMP‐9 of GBM cells were significantly inhibited in response to 100, 200, or 300 μM naringenin treatment. Proteins of MMP‐2 and MMP‐9 were downregulated in naringenin treated GBM cells. In addition, naringenin also attenuated the activities of ERK and p38. Naringenin decreased mesenchymal markers (snail and slug) expression as revealed by Western blot analysis. Taken together, our findings indicated that naringenin eliminated the migration and invasion of GBM cells through multiple mechanisms including inhibition of MMPs, ERK, and p38 activities and modulation of EMT markers. Our results also suggested that naringenin may be a potential agent to prevent metastasis of GBM.
Cannabis use and suicide attempts among 86,254 adolescents aged 12–15 years from 21 low- and middle-income countries
Authors: Carvalho Andre F. , Stubbs Brendon , Vancampfort Davy , Kloiber Stefan , Maes Michael , Firth Joseph , Kurdyak Paul A. , Stein Dan J. , Rehm Jürgen , Koyanagi Ai 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBackground: Evidence suggests that cannabis use may be associated with suicidality in adolescence. Nevertheless, very few studies have assessed this association in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). In this cross-sectional survey, we investigated the association of cannabis use and suicidal attempts in adolescents from 21 LMICs, adjusting for potential confounders.Method: Data from the Global school-based Student Health Survey was analyzed in 86,254 adolescents from 21 countries [mean (SD) age = 13.7 (0.9) years; 49.0% girls]. Suicide attempts during past year and cannabis during past month and lifetime were assessed. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted.Results: The overall prevalence of past 30-day cannabis use was 2.8% and the age-sex adjusted prevalence varied from 0.5% (Laos) to 37.6% (Samoa), while the overall prevalence of lifetime cannabis use was 3.9% (range 0.5%–44.9%). The overall prevalence of suicide attempts during the past year was 10.5%. Following multivariable adjustment to potential confounding variables, past 30-day cannabis use was significantly associated with suicide attempts (OR = 2.03; 95% CI: 1.42–2.91). Lifetime cannabis use was also independently associated with suicide attempts (OR = 2.30; 95% CI: 1.74–3.04).Conclusion: Our data indicate that cannabis use is associated with a greater likelihood for suicide attempts in adolescents living in LMICs. The causality of this association should be confirmed/refuted in prospective studies to further inform public health policies for suicide prevention in LMICs.
Status Report on the Sample Preparation Laboratory for Radiocarbon Dating at the New Bucharest Roams Center
Authors: Sava Tiberiu B , Simion Corina A , Gâza Oana , Stanciu Iuliana M , Păceșilă Doru G , Sava Gabriela O , Wacker Lukas , Ștefan Bianca , Moșu Vasile D , Ghiță Dan G , Vasiliu Alexandru 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACTThe accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) center at Horia Hulubei National Institute for R&D in Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Bucharest, is based on the latest-generation 1 MV Tandetron® accelerator, produced by High Voltage Engineering Europa (HVEE), The Netherlands. The AMS center became fully functional at the start of 2013, and at the end of 2015 the laboratory established the RoAMS international code and it was added to the list of AMS laboratories maintained by Radiocarbon journal. An important aspect in the establishment of a new AMS laboratory is the declaration and documentation of the adopted protocols and to demonstrate the reliability and reproducibility of the measurements in comparison to internationally recognized reference materials. In this paper, we present the dating results on the Sixth International Radiocarbon Intercomparison (SIRI) samples that were pretreated, graphitized, and measured in our laboratory. The newly developed sample preparation laboratory can handle sample materials as (1) organic materials, (2) wood, (3) bones, and (4) carbonates. The results of our measurements are in very good agreement with the SIRI consensus values and confirm the reliability of our sample preparation laboratory and also the good performance of the HVEE AMS system. The blank levels for the SIRI materials are 0.277±0.045/0.333±0.046 percent modern carbon (pMC) for wood samples, 0.441±0.038 pMC for bone collagen, and 0.239±0.030 pMC for carbonate materials, considering an average mass of 1 mg sample graphite.