bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“Akuntansi Luar Kepala” dan “Sederhana” ala UMKM Batik Tanjung Bumi yang Sarat Nilai Religiusitas dan Kesalingpercayaan (Sebuah Studi Etnografis)
Authors: Arena Thera , Herawati Nurul Herawati , Setiawan Achdiar Redy 
Published: July 2019

<p>This study aims to determine the meaning of "accounting" version of UMKM Batik Tanjung Bumi. This research is part of the effort to photograph the practice of "accounting" which actually happened at Batik Tanjung Bumi UMKM by photographing the cultural side where the existence of UMKM. The main highlight is the culture of Tanjung Bumi people who have been embedded such as mindset (lifestyle), lifestyle, daily habits, and beliefs that are adopted. This research uses ethnographic method conducted in Tanjung Bumi Subdistrict Bangkalan Madura. The results show first, the accounting practices of entrepreneurs style of SMEs is "accounting outside the head." philosophy influenced by religious culture that "sustenance is not a mathematical thing to be reckoned with"; and accounting is interpreted in the form of "mutual trust". Second, the model of "accounting" ala UMKM Batik Tanjung Bumi is "simple accounting" which is interpreted by the reflection of entrepreneurship style of UMKM which is not the same as conventional principle. The results of this study contribute that in practice, has been born entrepreneurial accounting in Batik UMKM Tanjung Bumi. Accounting model that is formed and inseparable from local culture. </p><p> </p><p>Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mencari pemaknaan “akuntansi” ala UMKM Batik Tanjung Bumi. Penelitian ini bagian dari upaya memotret praktik “akuntansi” yang senyatanya terjadi di UMKM Batik Tanjung Bumi dengan memotret sisi budaya tempat keberadaan UMKM tersebut. Sorot utamanya pada budaya intristik masyarakat Tanjung Bumi yang sudah tertanam seperti pola pikir (Mindset), gaya hidup, kebiasaan sehari-hari, dan kepercayaan yang dianut. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode etnografi yang dilakukan di Kecamatan Tanjung Bumi Kabupaten Bangkalan Madura. Hasil penelitian menunjukan pertama, praktik akuntansi ala pengusaha UMKM adalah “akuntansi luar kepala.” Filosofinya sarat budaya religius bahwa “rezeki bukanlah matematika yang harus diperhitungkan”; dan akuntansi dimaknai dalam bentuk “saling percaya.” Kedua, model “akuntansi” ala UMKM Batik Tanjung Bumi adalah “akuntansi sederhana” yang dimaknai dengan bentuk pencatatan versi pengusaha UMKM yang tidak sama dengan kaidah ilmu akuntansi konvensioanal. Hasil penelitian ini memberikan konstribusi bahwa pada praktiknya, telah lahir akuntansi ala pengusaha di UMKM Batik Tanjung Bumi. Sebuah model akuntansi yang terbentuk dan tidak dapat dipisahkan dengan budaya setempat.</p>
POLA FRAUD PADA PENYELENGARAAN BIMBINGAN TEKNIS (BIMTEK) DI SEKTOR PEMERINTAHAN
Authors: Wahyuni Indah Sri , Tarjo - 
Published: July 2019

<p class="Default"><em>This study is aims to determine patterns of fraud in the technical assistance implementation activities in the government sector that is in the local work unit in the district X. It’s descriptive qualitative study by interviewing several informants who where directly involved in the technical assistance.The aspects that will be analyzed include three phases: planning phases, implementation phases and reporting phase. The result of this study shows that the frauds in the three phase of technical assistance implementation. There are mark up of the price and number of participants at the planning phase. In the implementation phase the fraud is within shortening timing and eventually there is technical assistance fictitious, and at the reporting phase found that the fraud pattern is a discrepancy between the letter of accountability with real cost.</em></p>
Karakterisasi Faktor Sosial Ekonomi Berdasarkan Analisis Komponen Principal pada Pertanian Periurban Kota Surabaya
Authors: Iriyani Dwi , Nugrahani Pangesti 
Published: July 2019

<span>Pertanian di sekitar wilayah perkotaan ("periurban agriculture") mempunyai prospek ekonomis yang tinggi dan dapat dipacu menjadi tipe usahatani komersial. Usahatani yang demikian sangat cocok dikembangkan bagi masyarakat sekitar perkotaan yang pemilikan lahan umumnya sempit. Adanya pertanian di sekitar wilayah perkotaan, berarti akan mendekatkan produsen dengan konsumen, sehingga dapat mengurangi kerusakan produk dan biaya transportasi. Pengembangan pertanian periurban perlu dilengkapi dengan data sosial ekonomi usahatani dan karakteristik petani, dalam mengembangkan usahatani ke dalam bentuk agribisnis. Produktivitas dan kualitas sumber daya manusia, dalam hal ini petani pada pertanian periurban, merupakan indikator dari komponen faktor sosial yang menjadi ciri karakter kawasan periurban. Sedangkan indikator komponen faktor ekonomi meliputi pertumbuhan ekonomi dan struktur ekonomi. Ada beberapa teknis analisis faktor, satu diantaranya adalah menggunakan metode analisis komponen utama (Principal Component Analysis). Metode ini merupakan cara untuk mengekstraksi variabel asli, di mana terbentuknya faktor-faktor atau variabel laten baru adalah bersifat acak, yang selanjutnya dapat diinterpretasi sesuai dengan faktor atau komponen atau konstruk yang terbentuk. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi karakter petani dan faktor-faktor yang menjadi latar belakang (konteks sosial ekonomi) serta pertimbangan petani untuk menekuni dan mengembangkan pertanian periurban.</span>
Functional analysis of GhCHS, GhANR and GhLAR in colored fiber formation of G. hirsutum L
Authors: Sun Yuqiang , Jianfang Gao , Li Shen , Jingli Yuan , Hongli Zheng , Quansheng Su , Weiguang Yang , Liqiang Zhang , Vitalis Nnaemeka Ekene , Sun Jie , Liping Ke 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background

The formation of natural colored fibers mainly results from the accumulation of different anthocyanidins and their derivatives in the fibers. Chalcone synthase (CHS) is the first committed enzyme of flavonoid biosynthesis, anthocyanidins are transported into fiber cell after biosynthesis mainly by Anthocyanidin reductase (ANR) and Leucoanthocyanidin reductase (LAR) to present diverse colors with distinct stability. The biochemical and molecular mechanism of pigment formation in natural colored cotton fiber is not clear.

Results

The three key genes of GhCHS, GhANR and GhLAR were predominantly expressed in the developing fibers of colored cotton. In the GhCHSi, GhANRi and GhLARi transgenic cottons, the expression levels of GhCHS, GhANR and GhLAR significantly decreased in the developing cotton fiber, negatively correlated with the content of anthocyanidins and the color depth of cotton fiber. In colored cotton Zongxu1 (ZX1) and the GhCHSi, GhANRi and GhLARi transgenic lines of ZX1, HZ and ZH, the anthocyanidin contents of the leaves, cotton kernels, the mixture of fiber and seed coat were all changed and positively correlated with the fiber color.

Conclusion

The three genes of GhCHS, GhANR and GhLAR were predominantly expressed early in developing colored cotton fibers and identified to be a key genes of cotton fiber color formation. The expression levels of the three genes affected the anthocyanin contents and fiber color depth. So the three genes played a crucial part in cotton fiber color formation and has important significant to improve natural colored cotton quality and create new colored cotton germplasm resources by genetic engineering.
A novel intragenic marker targeting the ectodomain of bacterial leaf blight resistance gene Xa21 in rice
Authors: Nanayakkara Dhanesha Lakmali , Edirisingha Iresha Kumari , Dissanayake Lakshika Nivanthi , Weerasinghe Deepika , Suriyagoda Lalith , Herath Venura , Perera Chandrika , Jayatilake Dimanthi Vihanga 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background

Among the diseases in rice (Oryza sativa L.), bacterial leaf blight (BLB) caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae results in devastating economic losses, both in terms of yield and quality. The Xa21 mapped to the rice chromosome 11, is known to convey resistance against BLB by its involvement in plant pathogen recognition and immunity responses. The closely-linked sequence-tagged site marker pTA248 is frequently used for marker-assisted selection (MAS) of Xa21. However, lower precision and linkage drag of linked-markers hinders the reliability and effectiveness in MAS compared to the use of flanking or intergenic markers.

Results

In the current study, a diagnostic intragenic marker was developed for MAS of Xa21 in rice. The new marker ABUOP0001 targets a 19-bp insertion/deletion (InDel) on the ectodomain of the Xa21, and amplifies a 200-bp amplicon from the rice line IRBB 62, which is known-to-carry the ‘resistance allele’, and a 181-bp amplicon from IRBB 7, which is known-to-carry the ‘susceptible allele’. The resistance allele was identified in ten IRBB lines, and five newly improved Sri Lankan rice accessions through ABUOP0001 marker assay. In a field study, 14 of these accessions conveyed highly resistant BLB disease responses, and one conveyed an intermediate response. While carrying the susceptible allele at Xa21, 30 accessions conveyed a resistance response to BLB, and it could be due to the contribution of other Xa resistance alleles in their genetic background. Further, the Xa21 resistance allele was identified in 1,675 rice accessions through an in silico analysis of genomic sequences available through the 3K Rice Genomes Project. The intragenic marker ABUOP0001 performs equally to that of the linked-marker pTA248 anchored 224 kbp upstream of Xa21, in detecting resistant and susceptible BLB phenotypes. The marker ABUOP0001 is compatible for high-throughput screening with high resolution melting (HRM) and can be multiplexed effectively with an intragenic marker of BLB resistance gene Xa4.

Conclusion

The marker ABUOP0001 is a diagnostic intragenic marker that can be recommended for MAS of Xa21 in rice. The marker can be assayed as a high-throughput marker using HRM and multiplexed PCR.
Crystal structure of DRIK1, a stress-responsive receptor-like pseudokinase, reveals the molecular basis for the absence of ATP binding
Authors: Aquino Bruno , Silva Viviane C. H. da , Massirer Katlin B. , Arruda Paulo 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background

Plants reprogram metabolism and development to rapidly adapt to biotic and abiotic stress. Protein kinases play a significant role in this process by phosphorylating protein substrates that activate or inactivate signaling cascades that regulate cellular and metabolic adaptations. Despite their importance in plant biology, a notably small fraction of the plant kinomes has been studied to date.

Results

In this report, we describe ZmDRIK1, a stress-responsive receptor-like pseudokinase whose expression is downregulated under water restriction. We show the structural features and molecular basis of the absence of ATP binding exhibited by ZmDRIK1. The ZmDRIK1 kinase domain lacks conserved amino acids that are essential for phosphorylation activity. The crystal structure of the ZmDRIK1 kinase domain revealed the presence of a spine formed by the side chain of the triad Leu240, Tyr363, and Leu375 that occludes the ATP binding pocket. Although ZmDRIK1 is unable to bind nucleotides, it does bind the small molecule ENMD-2076 which, in a cocrystal structure, revealed the potential to serve as a ZmDRIK1 inhibitor.

Conclusion

ZmDRIK1 is a novel receptor-like pseudokinase responsive to biotic and abiotic stress. The absence of ATP binding and consequently, the absence of phosphorylation activity, was proven by the crystal structure of the apo form of the protein kinase domain. The expression profiling of the gene encoding ZmDRIK1 suggests this kinase may play a role in downregulating the expression of stress responsive genes that are not necessary under normal conditions. Under biotic and abiotic stress, ZmDRIK1 is down-regulated to release the expression of these stress-responsive genes.
Primary solid lung cancerous nodules with different sizes: computed tomography features and their variations
Authors: Chu Zhi-gang , Zhang Yan , Li Wang-jia , Li Qi , Zheng Yi-neng , Lv Fa-jin 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background

The computed tomography (CT) features of smaller solid lung cancers and their changing regularity as they grow have not been well studied. The purpose of this study is to analyze CT features of solid lung cancerous nodules (SLCNs) with different sizes and their variations.

Methods

Between February 2013 and April 2018, a consecutive cohort of 224 patients (225 nodules) with confirmed primary SLCNs was enrolled. Nodules were divided based on the tumor diameter into four groups (A: diameter ≤ 1.0 cm, 35 lesions; B: 1.0 cm < diameter ≤ 1.5 cm, 60 lesions; C: 1.5 cm < diameter ≤ 2.0 cm, 63 lesions; and D: 2.0 cm < diameter ≤ 3.0 cm, 67 lesions). CT features of nodules within each group were summarized and compared.

Results

Most nodules in different groups were located in upper lobes (groups A−D:50.8%−73.1%) and had a gap with the pleura (groups A−D:89.6%−100%). The main CT features of smaller (diameter ≤ 1) and larger (diameter > 1cm) nodules were significantly different. As nodule diameter increased, more lesions had regular shapes, homogeneous density, clear but coarse tumor-lung interface, lobulation, spiculation, spinous protuberance, vascular convergence, pleural retraction, bronchial truncation, and beam-shaped opacity (p < 0.05 for each). Presence of halo sign in different groups was similar (17.5%−22.5%, p > 0.05).

Conclusions

The CT features vary in SLCNs with different sizes. Understanding their changing regularity is helpful for identifying smaller suspicious malignant nodules and early determining its nature in follow-up.
Serous component is a recurrence predictive factor of grade 1 endometrioid carcinoma at stage IA: A multi-institutional and retrospective study
Authors: Miyamoto Morikazu , Tsuda Hitoshi , Sugiura Atsushi , Kita Tsunekazu , Kataoka Yoshitaka , Ishii Kenji , Kudo Kazuya , Aoyama Tadashi , Matsuura Hiroko , Soyama Hiroaki , Ishibashi Hiroki , Iwahashi Hideki , Takasaki Kazuki , Kato Kento , Takano Masashi 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background

The incidence of grade 1 endometrioid carcinoma (EG1) at 2009 International Federation of Obstetrics and Gynecology (FIGO) stage IA was the highest in endometrial carcinoma. Several studies and guidelines classified EG1 into recurrent low risk and did not recommend patients received adjuvant therapy. However, not a few case with EG1 recurred. The aim of this study was to examine whether EG1 at 2009 FIGO stage IA with a less than 5% serous component resembling ovarian high- or low-grade serous carcinoma (SC) was a risk factor for recurrence or worse progression free survival (PFS).

Methods

Between 1990 and 2015, patients who received total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy for grade 1 endometrioid carcinoma at stage IA were enrolled at multiple centers. In addition to pathological review using 2014 World Health Organization (WHO) criteria, SC and several pathological features, including lympho-vascular invasion, were identified. A retrospective analysis to examine whether SC was a risk factor of recurrence was conducted.

Results

During the observational period, 236 patients were included in our study. Among them, SC was noted in 14 patients. Five patients showed recurrence and 4 of them had SC. Multivariate analysis for recurrence revealed that SC was an independent risk factor of recurrence (hazard ratio (HR) 139, p<0.001). PFS of patients with SC was worse than of patients without SC (p<0.001). Multivariate analysis for PFS demonstrated that SC was a significant prognostic factor (HR 98.9, p<0.0001).

Conclusion

SC was the strongest risk factor of recurrence for patients with EG1 at FIGO stage IA. Therefore, a new treatment strategy may be needed for patients with SC.
Cost Objects: The ED Dilemma. How is your ED performing?
Authors: Fuentes Verónica , Neriz Liliana , Nunez Alicia , Mateo Ricardo 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background

The aim of this study is to propose a list of cost objects that can be used by any ED to compute costs considering that the resulting data must facilitate unit management by improving the information available for decision-making.

Methods

This study considers two stages, first, We analyzed the case-mix of two hospitals collecting their data to define and diagram their processes, activities and to obtain their cost objects, second, we used four additional hospitals to validate our initial findings.

Results

We recognized 59 cost objects. Hospitals may have all these cost objects or just a subset of them depending on the services they provide.

Conclusions

Among the main benefits of our cost objects definition are: the possibility of tracing the processes generated by the services delivered by EDs, the economic sense in its grouping, the chance of using any costing methodology, the flexibility with other classification systems such as DRGs and ICDs, and the opportunity of costing for both diseases and treatments. Furthermore, cost comparison among hospitals using our final 59 cost objects list is more accurate and based on comparable units. In different EDs, each cost object will be the result of a similar combination of activities performed. We also present the results of applying this cost objects list to a particular ED. A total of 54 out of 59 cost objects were identified for that particular unit within a calendar year.
Impact of upper airway configuration assessed by CT on CPAP titration in OSA patients during Müller's maneuver
Authors: Lin Qichang , Xie Han-Sheng , Huang Jie-feng , Zhao Jian-Ming , Zeng Ai-Ming , Wang Bi-Ying , Chen Gong-Ping 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Objectives

Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is the current gold-standard treatment for moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), and upper airway anatomy plays an increasingly important role in evaluating the efficacy of CPAP therapy. The aim of this observational study was to investigate the influence of upper airway anatomy on CPAP titration in OSA patients assessed by computed tomography (CT) during Müller's maneuver.

Methods

Consecutive patients under investigation for OSA by undergoing polysomnography and CT scan of the upper airway while awake were enrolled. Successful full-night manual titration was performed to determine the optimal CPAP pressure level for OSA patients in supine position using a nasal mask.

Results

A total of 157 subjects (134 males and 23 females) were included. Both apnea–hypopnea index (AHI) and LaSO2 significantly correlated with CPAP titration level, upper airway length (UAL), distance from mandibular plane to hyoid bone (MPH), and neck circumference (all p<0.05). There were significant positive correlations between CPAP titration level and UAL (r=0.348, p=0.000) and MPH (r=0.313, p=0.002). Stepwise multiple linear regression analyses were performed to evaluate the independent predictors of AHI, LaSO2, and CPAP titration level. CPAP titration level was identified as an independent explanatory variable for AHI and LaSO2 after adjustment for confounders. Multiple linear regression analyses also indicated that body mass index (BMI) and UAL were independently associated with CPAP titration level (all p<0.05).

Conclusions

Upper airway abnormalities combined with anthropometric parameters play important roles in CPAP titration for OSA patients, providing additional insight into the factors influencing OSA treatment strategies. UAL and BMI should be taken into consideration when choosing CPAP titration level to improve CPAP compliance.
Exploring the pathogenic function of endogenous plasmid from Pantoea ananatis by a simple and efficient plasmid elimination strategy
Authors: Zhao Xiaozhen , Gao Lu , Huang Hai , Zhao Yi , Hanif Alvina , Wu Huijun , Gu Qin , Wu Liming , Gao Xuewen 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background: Pantoea ananatis, a Gram-negative bacterium and species of the family Enterobacteriaceae, is associated with diseases in a wide range of crops. Diseases caused by P. ananatis are devastating and can result in serious economic losses. We previously isolated strain DZ-12 from maize brown rot leaves and, genome sequencing revealed that it belongs to P. ananatis and contains a large, endogenous plasmid, pDZ-12. Virulence plasmids are essential for pathogenesis in many bacterial pathogens. However, nothing was known regarding the role of this plasmid in the pathogenicity of P. ananatis in maize plants.
Results: Here, we developed a simple and efficient strategy to eliminate the endogenous plasmid by substituting its native replicon with a temperature-sensitive replicon. The resulting temperature-sensitive plasmid could be cured by growing cells at high temperature (37 ℃). Loss of pDZ-12 from P. ananatis DZ-12 led to decreased disease severity in maize plants, suggesting the endogenous plasmid was important for pathogenesis. Meanwhile, loss of pDZ-12 also affected the ability of the bacterium to form biofilms. The method described here, which is efficient and needs only two steps to cure the endogenous plasmid without antibiotic resistance, was also shown to work in the Gram-positive bacterium Bacillus subtilis, and may be generally applicable in bacteria.
Conclusions: This study we provide the first evidence that the endogenous plasmid of P. ananatis DZ-12 is important for pathogenesis in maize plants and in the ability of this species to form biofilms, which further our understanding of the pathogenicity of P. ananatis. It also presents the first report on curing plasmid DNA from P. ananatis.
Keywords: Pantoea ananatis, endogenous plasmid, replicon, temperature-sensitive
Inflammation may be correlated with Symptomatic Neurosyphilis
Authors: wu yali , Wu Wenqing , Huang Yuming , Xu Dongmei 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background A retrospective study was performed to compare the differences in clinical and laboratory features of asymptomatic neurosyphilis (ANS) and symptomatic neurosyphilis. Methods One hundred and four eligible patients were enrolled from the beijing ditan hospital between February 2017 and June 2018, including 35 ANS and 69 symptomatic neurosyphilis. The clinical data was analyzed retrospectively, including age, sex, treatment history, serum Alb, neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), CRP, RPR, rapid plasma reagin(RPR), as well as CSF RPR, CSF Alb, CSF WBCs, and CSF protein. Results Of the one hundred and four inpatients, there were significant differences in age, male, serum RPR, CSF protein, NLR, PLR, CSF-Alb /S-Alb and CRP between the two groups. The multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that CSF protein (OR 1.07, 95%CI 1.024-1.118, P=0.002) , serum RPR (OR 1.035, 95%CI 1.001-1.059, P=0.003) and NLR (OR 2.568, 95% CI 1.226-5.376, P=0.012) were independent risk predictors for symptomatic neurosyphilis. Female (OR 0.11, 95% CI 0.025-0.490
, P=0.004) was protective factor for symptomatic neurosyphilis. Conclusions Male gender, serum RPR, CSF protein and NLR were risk factors for symptomatic neurosyphilis. They may indicate the development and aggravation of neurosyphilis Moreover, the ROC showed that NLR ≥ 3.348 could better predict the development of symptomatic neurosyphilis. Inflammation was significantly correlated with the development of neurosyphilis at discharge.