bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Research on overvoltage and fault of a UHV AC/DC hybrid system
Authors: Wang Yali , Zou Liang , Chen Yongshuai , Fang Shengwei 
Published: December 2018

In view of the overvoltage problem of an ultra‐high‐voltage DC (UHVDC) AC/DC hybrid system, this study analyses the overvoltage condition under various fault types and gives the identification criterion of the overvoltage form. Firstly, the model of the  ± 800 kV UHVDC and 1000 kV UHV AC hybrid system was established in Simulink. The relevant parameters of current and voltage in the hybrid system were simulated and analysed to verify the accuracy and effectiveness of the model. Secondly, the fault simulation of the two system models of AC and DC, respectively, is carried out, and the theoretical analysis of the internal overvoltage caused by the fault is made. Finally, the simulation of the overvoltage condition of the hybrid system under two conditions is carried out, and the waveforms of the important parameters of the AC system and the DC system are obtained. The waveform of each parameter is analysed and the conclusion is obtained. The type of the overvoltage fault of the UHV AC/DC hybrid system is analysed, which provides the basis for fault type judgement.
Facile synthesis of novel ultrathin α‐MoO3 square nanosheets with excellent adsorptive capacity and photocatalytic performance for efficient treatment of Rhodamine B
Authors: Tang Guogang , Zhang Feixia , Xu Jing 
Published: December 2018

Novel ultrathin α‐MoO3 square nanosheets with the width of 200–400 nm and the thickness of ∼50 nm were synthesised successfully via a facile and efficient solid sintered method using the carbon@MoS2 nanocomposites as precursor. The as‐prepared products were characterised by X‐ray powder diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and tested in adsorption and photocatalysis to remove Rhodamine B (RhB). Compared with commercial MoO3 and/or MoO3 nanorods, α‐MoO3 square nanosheets exhibit greater adsorptive capacity and photocatalytic performance for degrading RhB. Moreover, this combination of adsorption and photocatalysis using α‐MoO3 could be promising is demonstrated as a more pressing technique for contaminant removal from wastewater.
Inhaled Epoprostenol for Pulmonary Hypertension Treatment in Neonates: A 12-Year Experience
Authors: Berger-Caron Frédérique , Piedboeuf Bruno , Morissette Geneviève , Simonyan David , Chétaille Philippe , Pellerin Annie , Hébert Audrey 
Published: December 2018

Background Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN) occurs in 10% of neonatal respiratory insufficiency. To selectively reduce pulmonary vascular resistance, several treatments have been tried. Inhaled epoprostenol (iPGI2) has been used for 12 years in our institution for the management of refractory PPHN despite the gaps in the literature to support this use.
Objectives The primary objective was to evaluate the efficacy of iPGI2 for PPHN. The secondary objectives were to describe its use in neonates and assess side effects.
Study Design This retrospective cohort study included infants < 28 days with PPHN treated with iPGI2 in the neonatal or pediatric intensive care units of our institution between 2004 and 2016.
Results We reviewed 43 patient' care episodes (mean gestational age of 36 weeks). This was an extremely ill population with 54% mortality rate. Oxygenation index improved significantly after 12-hour treatment (p = 0.047), with a rebound effect when discontinuing nebulization. By the end of the therapy, the fraction of inspired oxygen had significantly dropped (p = 0.0018). Echocardiographic markers tended to normalize during treatment. No potential side effects were reported.
Conclusion In these sick newborns, we observed an improvement in PPHN under iPGI2 without significant adverse effects. To our knowledge, this is the largest neonatal cohort reported to have received iPGI2 for PPHN.
Chromosomal Microarray Analysis in Children with Unexplained Developmental Delay/Intellectual Disability
Authors: Arican Pinar , Ozyilmaz Berk , Cavusoglu Dilek , Gencpinar Pinar , Erdogan Kadri , Saka Guvenc Merve , Olgac Dundar Nihal 
Published: December 2018

AbstractChromosomal microarray (CMA) analysis for discovery of copy number variants (CNVs) is now recommended as a first-line diagnostic tool in patients with unexplained developmental delay/intellectual disability (DD/ID) and autism spectrum disorders. In this study, we present the results of CMA analysis in patients with DD/ID. Of 210 patients, pathogenic CNVs were detected in 26 (12%) and variants of uncertain clinical significance in 36 (17%) children. The diagnosis of well-recognized genetic syndromes was achieved in 12 patients. CMA analysis revealed pathogenic de novo CNVs, such as 11p13 duplication with new clinical features. Our results support the utility of CMA as a routine diagnostic test for unexplained DD/ID.
The association of bike fitting with injury, comfort, and pain during cycling: An international retrospective survey
Authors: Priego Quesada Jose Ignacio , Kerr Zachary Y. , Bertucci William Michael , Carpes Felipe P. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAlthough bike fitting is recommended to help reduce injury risk, little empirical evidence exists to indicate an association between bike fitting and injury incidence. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of bike fitting on self‐reported injury, comfort, and pain while cycling from a worldwide survey of cyclists. A total of 849 cyclists completed an online questionnaire between February and October 2016. Questionnaire collected data on respondent demographics, cycling profile, bike fitting, comfort and pain while cycling, and injury history. The main predictor variable was bike fitting (yes, by the respondent, i.e. user bike fitting; yes, by a professional service; or no). Covariates included demographic and cycling profile characteristics. Logistic regression models estimated the odds of injury within the last 12 months, reporting a comfortable body posture while cycling, and not reporting pain while cycling. Odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were reported. User bike fitting was associated with increased odds of reporting a comfortable posture (OR = 2.28, 95%CI: 1.06, 4.68). User (OR = 2.35; 95%CI: 1.48, 3.84) and professional bike fitting (OR = 2.35; 95%CI: 1.42, 3.98) were both associated with increased odds of not reporting pain while cycling. No associations were found between bike fitting and injury within the last 12 months. In conclusion, we found an association between bike fitting and reported comfort and pain while cycling. We recommend integrating bike fitting into cycling maintenance. However, further studies with longer follow‐up are necessary to determine the presence of an association between bike fitting and injury.
Policy or window dressing? Exploring the impact of poverty reduction strategies on poverty among the Canadian provinces
Authors: Plante Charles 
Published: December 2018

AbstractPoverty reduction strategies (PRS) have become a popular instrument for addressing poverty globally. According to their proponents, PRS focus and coordinate poverty reduction efforts in order to overcome traditional economic and socio-demographic obstacles and reduce poverty unconditionally. According to their detractors, however, governments use PRS as ‘window dressing’ to gloss over unsuccessful and/or partial poverty reduction efforts. In Canada, all ten provinces have committed to adopting PRS. In this study, I identify the timing of the introduction of PRS action plans and explore whether they have tended to coincide with changes in provincial poverty levels. I find that more often than not levels have actually dropped before rather than after the introduction of PRS. This suggests that governments may have indeed used PRS as window dressing – but to showcase and claim credit for poverty reduction successes.
Psychological and Biological Pathways Linking Perceived Neighborhood Characteristics and Body Mass Index
Authors: Chirinos Diana A , Garcini Luz M , Seiler Annina , Murdock Kyle W , Peek Kristen , Stowe Raymond P , Fagundes Christopher 
Published: December 2018

Abstract

Background
Perceived neighborhood characteristics are linked to obesity, however, the mechanisms linking these two factors remain unknown.

Purpose
This study aimed to examine associations between perceived neighborhood characteristics and body mass index (BMI), establish whether indirect pathways through psychological distress and inflammation are important, and determine whether these associations vary by race/ethnicity.

Methods
Participants were 1,112 adults enrolled in the Texas City Stress and Health Study. Perceived neighborhood characteristics were measured using the Perceived Neighborhood Scale. Psychological distress was measured with the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale, Perceived Stress Scale and mental health subscale of the Short Form Health Survey-36. Markers of inflammation included C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor receptor-1. Associations were examined with Structural Equation Modeling.

Results
A model linking neighborhood characteristics with BMI through direct and indirect (i.e., psychological distress and inflammation) paths demonstrated good fit with the data. Less favorable perceived neighborhood characteristics were associated with greater psychological distress (B = −0.87, β = −0.31, p &lt; .001) and inflammation (B = −0.02, β = −0.10, p = .035). Psychological distress and inflammation were also significantly associated with BMI (Bdistress = 0.06, β = 0.08, p = .006; Binflammation = 4.65, β = 0.41, p &lt; .001). Indirect paths from neighborhood characteristics to BMI via psychological distress (B = −0.05, β = −0.03, p = .004) and inflammation (B = −0.08, β = −0.04, p = .045) were significant. In multiple group analysis, a model with parameters constrained equal across race/ethnicity showed adequate fit suggesting associations were comparable across groups.

Conclusion
Our study extends the literature by demonstrating the importance of neighborhood perceptions as correlates of BMI across race/ethnicity, and highlights the role of psychological and physiological pathways.
Computing irreversible minimal cut sets in genome-scale metabolic networks via flux cone projection
Authors: Röhl Annika , Riou Tanguy , Bockmayr Alexander 
Published: December 2018

Abstract

Motivation
Minimal cut sets (MCSs) for metabolic networks are sets of reactions which, if they are removed from the network, prevent a target reaction from carrying flux. To compute MCSs different methods exist, which may fail to find sufficiently many MCSs for larger genome-scale networks.

Results
Here we introduce irreversible minimal cut sets (iMCSs). These are MCSs that consist of irreversible reactions only. The advantage of iMCSs is that they can be computed by projecting the flux cone of the metabolic network on the set of irreversible reactions, which usually leads to a smaller cone. Using oriented matroid theory, we show how the projected cone can be computed efficiently and how this can be applied to find iMCSs even in large genome-scale networks.

Availability and implementation
Software is freely available at https://sourceforge.net/projects/irreversibleminimalcutsets/.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Profiles, Identities, Data: Making Abundant and Anchored Selves in a Platform Society
Authors: Szulc Lukasz 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe practice of profile making has become ubiquitous in digital culture. Internet users are regularly invited, and usually required, to create a profile for a plethora of digital media, including mega social media platforms such as Facebook and Twitter. Understanding profiles as a set of identity performances, I argue that the platforms employ profiles to enable and incentivize particular ways and foreclose other ways of self-performance. Drawing on research into digital media and identities, combined with mediatization theories, I show how the platforms: (a) embrace datafication logic (gathering as much data as possible and pinpointing the data to a particular unit); (b) translate the logic into design and governance of profiles (update stream and profile core); and (c) coax—at times coerce—their users into making of abundant but anchored selves, that is, performing identities which are capacious, complex, and volatile but singular and coherent at the same time.
Herbivorous Caterpillars Can Utilize Three Mechanisms to Alter Green Leaf Volatile Emission
Authors: Jones Anne C , Seidl-Adams Irmgard , Engelberth Jurgen , Hunter Charles T , Alborn Hans , Tumlinson James H 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Green plants emit green leaf volatiles (GLVs) as a general damage response. These compounds act as signals for the emitter plant, neighboring plants, and even for insects in the ecosystem. However, when oral secretions from certain caterpillars are applied to wounded leaves, GLV emissions are significantly decreased or modified. We examined four caterpillar species representing two lepidopteran families for their capacity to decrease GLV emissions from Zea mays leaf tissue. We also investigated the source of the GLV modifying components in the alimentary tract of the various caterpillars. In Spodoptera exigua (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), Trichoplusia ni (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), and Manduca sexta (Linnaeus) (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae), we found three distinct mechanisms to modify GLV emission: a heat-stable compound in the gut, a heat-labile enzyme in salivary gland homogenate (previously described in Bombyx mori (Linnaeus) (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae), and an isomerase in the salivary gland homogenate, which catalyzes the conversion of (Z)-3-hexenal to (E)-2-hexenal (previously described in M. sexta). These mechanisms employed by caterpillars to suppress or modify GLV emission suggest a counteraction against the induced indirect volatile defenses of a plant and provides further insights into the ecological functions of GLVs.
The Multi-level Governance of Asylum in Italy: Understanding Eritreans’ Secondary Movements in Search of Relocation within Italy
Authors: Kuschminder Katie 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
The migration policy, securitization and governance of the asylum landscape has greatly changed in Italy over the past five years. The implementation of the hotspot approach and the European Union relocation programme has characterized two of these significant changes. This article examines how recent (2016–17) Eritrean arrivals in Italy experienced and responded to the asylum system. The analysis reflects, first, on the multi-level governance of the interplay between the institutional level of the European Union, national policy and local municipal policies within Italy. Second, this article shows how Eritrean asylum seekers have been refused access to the relocation programme by local authorities in Italy and how Eritreans react to this bureaucracy by engaging in secondary movements within Italy. The results provide an analytical critique regarding the governance shortcomings of the relocation programme in Italy that is important for consideration in future solidarity and responsibility-sharing initiatives within the European Union.
Asylum Seekers and the Crisis of Accountability in Liberal Democracies: How an Ethical Approach Can Illuminate the Public’s Critical Role
Authors: Banham Cynthia , Anantharajah Kirsty 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Our article illuminates a particular way to think about the relational nature of public accountability and how that might guide further study of liberal democracies’ treatment of asylum seekers and refugees. Public accountability is in trouble in liberal democracies, conceptually and practically. Scholars in the field identify a lack of clarity surrounding the ‘ever-expanding’ idea of accountability—its meaning and want of deep conceptual roots; the separation of theorizing from lived practice. At the same time, we see in liberal democracies, particularly in cases regarding the treatment of non-citizens, disturbing attacks on traditional mechanisms of accountability. We focus on the crisis of public accountability manifest in Australia’s treatment of asylum seekers in offshore detention. We suggest that the lack of clarity around the concept of public accountability—and the lack of an ethical understanding of the public’s critical role in demanding it—informs what is occurring in countries like Australia.
The Role of Ertapenem for the Treatment of Complicated Intra-abdominal Infections With a Positive Culture for Enterococcus faecalis
Authors: Fabre Valeria , Nemati Koorosh , Avdic Edina , Cosgrove Sara E , Amoah Joe , Tamma Pranita D 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Controversy remains as to whether Enterococcus faecalis recovered from intra-abdominal infections (IAIs) requires targeted therapy. In a multicenter study comparing patients with IAIs from which E. faecalis was identified in intra-abdominal cultures, no difference in clinical outcomes was observed between patients receiving ertapenem vs those receiving piperacillin/tazobactam.
Readmission and Reoperation After Midurethral Sling
Authors: Hokenstad Erik D. , Glasgow Amy E. , Habermann Elizabeth B. , Occhino John A. 
Published: December 2018

(Abstracted from Int Urogynecol J 2018;29:1367–1370)
The standard of care for surgical management of stress urinary incontinence (SUI) or pelvic organ prolapse is considered to be midurethral slings (MUSs). It is estimated that 20% of women will undergo MUS surgery for SUI or pelvic organ prolapse in their lifetime.
Clinical Evaluations of a Novel Thread Lifting Regimen Using Barbed Polyglyconate Suture for Facial Rejuvenation: Analysis Using a 3-Dimensional Imaging System
Authors: Kwon Hyuck Hoon , Choi Sun Chul , Park Gyeong-Hun , Jung Jae Yoon 
Published: December 2018

BACKGROUND
Thread lifting with absorbable sutures has recently gained prominence for rejuvenating ptotic and sagging soft tissues in aging face. A barbed, delayed absorbable polyglyconate monofilament shows significantly high tensile loads with superior flexibility and elasticity.

OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the safety and efficacy of novel thread lifting regimen with barbed polyglyconate suture for counteracting the descent and laxity of the aging face.

METHODS
A retrospective chart review was conducted for 25 Korean patients with mild to moderate facial skin laxity receiving thread lifting procedures using barbed polyglyconate suture. Dermatologists' objective assessments using a 5-point Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale (GAIS), 3D imaging system, and subjective satisfaction were recorded at baseline and 4 months after treatments.

RESULTS
In most patients (84%), GAIS scores were more than score 3 (“improved”), with 40% of score 4 (“much improved”) and 24% of score 5 (“excellent”) at the follow-up point. Subjective assessments paralleled these patterns. Three-dimensional analysis quantitatively showed volume migration of low face upward, clinically interpreted as facial lifting. No serious adverse effect was observed.

CONCLUSION
This novel thread lifting procedure using barbed polyglyconate suture is a safe and effective method for tightening and lifting for aging face with mild to moderate face sagging.
Outcomes of Vascularized Lymph Node Transfer and Lymphovenous Anastomosis for Treatment of Primary Lymphedema
Authors: Cheng Ming-Huei , Loh Charles Yuen Yung , Lin Chia-Yu 
Published: December 2018

Background:
Primary lymphedema is a debilitating disease. This study was to investigate the outcomes between vascularized lymph node transfer (VLNT) and lymphovenous anastomosis (LVA) for treating primary lymphedema.

Methods:
Between January 2010 and December 2016, 17 patients with mean age of 31.5 ± 15.5 (ranged, 2–57) years diagnosed with 19 primary limb lymphedema were recruited. Patients with patent lymphatic ducts on indocyanine green lymphography were indicated for LVA, whereas those without patent lymphatic ducts were indicated for VLNT. Circumferential limb measurements, body weight, episodes of cellulitis and Lymphedema Quality-of-Life (LYMQoL) questionnaire were compared between preoperatively and postoperatively.

Results:
Fifteen lymphedematous limbs underwent VLNT (79%) and 4 underwent LVA (21%). All VLNT flaps survived. At a mean follow-up of 19.7 ± 8.5 months, mean reduction of limb circumference, body weight, and episodes of cellulitis were 3.7 ± 2.9 cm and 1.9 ± 2.9 cm (P = 0.2); 6.6 ± 5.9 kg and 1.7 ± 0.6 kg (P < 0.05); 5.1 ± 2.8 times/y and 4.2 ± 0.5 times/y in VLNT and LVA groups, respectively (P = 0.7). Improvements in overall score (from 3.9 ± 1.2 to 6.4 ± 1.1, P < 0.05) of the LYMQoL in VLNT group had statistical significant difference than that (from 3.0 ± 1.4 to 5.0 ± 2.4, P = 0.07) in LVA group.

Conclusions:
Both VLNT and LVA can effectively treat primary lymphedema patients. The reduction of above-knee circumference, body weight, episodes of cellulitis, and the improvement of LYMQoL was significantly greater in LVNT compared with LVA.
SEQUENTIAL CHANGES IN HYDROXYCHLOROQUINE RETINOPATHY UP TO 20 YEARS AFTER STOPPING THE DRUG
Authors: Pham Brandon H. , Marmor Michael F. 
Published: December 2018

Purpose:
To characterize the stability or progression of different stages of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) retinopathy up to 20 years after stopping the drug.

Methods:
We reviewed findings from 13 patients with initial HCQ retinopathy classified as early (patchy photoreceptor damage), moderate (ring of photoreceptor thinning or scotoma), or severe (retinal pigment epithelial [RPE] damage). Patients had been off HCQ for as many as 14 years at initial examination and were subsequently followed for 5 years to 8 years with repeated fundus autofluorescence and spectral domain optical coherence tomography.

Results:
Early and moderate cases stabilized in fundus autofluorescence appearance, foveal thickness, ellipsoid zone line length, and visual acuity for up to 9 years after stopping HCQ. By contrast, severe cases demonstrated a continual loss of these parameters for up to 20 years off the drug. The presence of RPE damage at initial examination predicted progressive retinopathy over many years.

Conclusion:
The steady progression of severe HCQ retinopathy in eyes showing RPE damage after drug cessation suggests a metabolic insult that chronically destabilizes rather than destroys cellular function, with a clinical course resembling that of genetic dystrophies. Our findings stress the importance of early detection to minimize progression and visual loss.