bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deciphering Growth Patterns in Korean Children With Sotos Syndrome Through the Development of a Disease‐Specific Growth Chart
Authors: Choi Naye , Kim Hwa Young , Ko Jung Min 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundSotos syndrome (SS) is a rare disorder characterized by overgrowth, distinctive facial features, and intellectual disability that is primarily caused by NSD1 pathogenic variants or 5q35 microdeletions.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the clinical characteristics and 339 anthropometric measurements over an average of 4.3 years of follow‐up in 57 Korean children with SS. Sex‐specific percentile curves for height, weight, and head circumference were developed using a generalized additive model that included factors such as location, scale, and shape.ResultsMales with SS demonstrated higher height before the age of 12.0, greater weight before 10.0, and larger head circumference before 15.5 compared to age‐ and sex‐matched controls. Females with SS displayed higher height before 17.0, greater weight before 10.5, and larger head circumference before 12.0 compared to controls. Bone age was advanced compared to chronological age in 40% of males and 8% of females at their last visit. The predicted and target adult heights were not significantly different between groups. In subgroup analysis, the intragenic variant group (n = 48) showed a higher mean standard deviation score of height and weight in males, and head circumference in females compared to the microdeletion group (n = 9).ConclusionsKorean children with genetically confirmed SS exhibited overgrowth in height, weight, and head circumference. Overgrowth phenotypes were more prominent in patients with NSD1 intragenic variants than in those with microdeletions. This is the first study to provide reference data on the growth of Korean children with SS.
Alpha‐Linolenic Acid Supplementation Improves Testosterone Production in an Aged Breeder Rooster Model: Role of Mitochondrial Modulation and SIRT1 Activation
Authors: Long Cheng , Zhao Zhi‐xian , Willing Benjamin P. , Sheng Xi‐Hui , Wang Xiang‐Guo , Xiao Long‐Fei , Qi Xiao‐Long 
Published: November 2024

ScopeAging in males can lead to declines in testosterone production, essential for maintaining male reproductive health.Methods and resultsTo investigate the effects of dietary supplementation with alpha‐linolenic acid (ALA) on testosterone production in aged breeder roosters and understand the underlying molecular mechanisms involved. An in vivo model is established to investigate the effects of dietary ALA supplementation on testosterone production in aged breeder roosters, and the Leydig cell culture is used to identify the potential molecular mechanism. Dietary supplementation with ALA increases in plasma testosterone. Congruently, ALA supplementation enhances the expression of testosterone biosynthesis‐related enzymes. ALA supplementation exerts anti‐apoptotic effects in testicular mitochondria, as evidenced by a lower expression of pro‐apoptotic factors and a higher expression of the anti‐apoptotic factor B‐cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl‐2). Moreover, In Leydig cells, ALA supplementation promotes mitochondrial biogenesis genes. The proposed mechanism is that ALA activates the sirtuin1 (SIRT1) pathway and is supported by higher SIRT1 transcript and protein in Leydig cells. Furthermore, blocking SIRT1 with siRNA reverses ALA's effects on testosterone biosynthesis and mitochondrial function‐related genes.ConclusionThese findings indicate that dietary supplementation with ALA can improve testosterone production in aged breeder roosters, possibly by modulation of mitochondrial function via activating the SIRT1 pathway.
A rapid evaluation method for pumpkin sensory quality based on near‐infrared spectroscopy
Authors: Xu Zhuopin , Li Xiaohong , Zhao Guangxia , Tang Liwen , Dai Zuyun , Dai Wei , Chen Chaowu , Wu Yuejin , Zhang Pengfei , Wang Qi 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe sensory quality (SQ) of pumpkin fruit is one of the most important quality indexes for consumers. In this study, a rapid pumpkin SQ evaluation method based on near‐infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) was introduced. The starch and moisture contents of pumpkins were first determined by NIRS, and then the SQ of pumpkin could be estimated indirectly by these components. Test was carried out on 97 samples of 34 pumpkin fruits. The pumpkin starch and water NIRS models based on variable dimension particle swarm optimization combined moving window (VDPSO‐CMW) and standard normal variate transformation (SNV) showed the best predictive performances, whose predictive determination coefficients (R2p) were 0.775 and 0.932, respectively. A multiple linear regression model (correlation coefficient = 0.788) was established based on the prediction results of the two models and the SQ values obtained from cooking experiments. The proposed method has the potential to provide effective support for pumpkin breeding and production.
Home Healthcare Staffing, Routing, and Scheduling Problem With Multiple Shifts and Emergency Considerations
Authors: Algendi Abdalrahman , Urrutia Sebastián , Hvattum Lars Magnus , Helgheim Berit Irene 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTEffective planning of human resources is critical in designing an efficient home healthcare system. In this study, we present a novel home healthcare staffing, routing, and scheduling problem inspired by a real‐world application. The proposed problem addresses a set of patients, with varying daily visit requirements, being served by a set of caregivers with different qualification levels over a multi‐day multi‐shift planning horizon. The problem aims to minimize the number of extra shifts for caregivers, maximize the allocation of caregivers to emergencies, and minimize the sum of route durations over the planning horizon. These objectives are optimized hierarchically while considering a set of restrictions, including time windows, skill matching, synchronization, care continuity, and labor regulations. To tackle the problem, we introduce a mixed‐integer linear programming model. The model is then extended and two sets of valid inequalities are incorporated to enhance its tightness. Computational experiments are conducted on a set of 20 instances. The results highlight the efficiency of the proposed extension in increasing both the number of instances that can be solved to optimality and the number of instances for which a feasible solution is found.
President's Pen: Embracing the Spirit of Renewal and Compassion
Authors: McNeill Charleen 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTI find myself reflecting on the incredible journey we've shared over the past year. This time of year, steeped in thoughts of giving, gratitude, and hope, offers the opportunity to pause and appreciate the profound impact each of you has made in the field of nursing research. It is with a heart full of gratitude and optimism that I write this message to you, the dedicated members of the Southern Nursing Research Society (SNRS). The approaching New Year brings with it themes of renewal and compassion, mirroring the core values of our profession. Nursing, at its heart, is about caring for others, advancing health, and promoting well‐being. This year, we have seen extraordinary advancements and efforts from our members, who have continuously pushed the boundaries of knowledge and practice. Your dedication to improving patient care and outcomes through rigorous research and innovative practices has set the stage for self‐reflection.
The complexity of compliance—Diverse responses to octopus fishery closures in Zanzibar
Authors: Drury O'Neill Elizabeth , Daw Tim M. ,   MWAMBAO, Mwaipopo Rosemarie N. , Lindkvist Emilie 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Marine protected areas like periodic closures are increasingly used to improve both fisheries management and biodiversity conservation, and often secondarily, human well‐being. Yet rule breaking, whether formal regulations, or community‐agreed norms, continues to negate expected management and conservation outcomes, remaining a major challenge.

Although compliance scholarship today is expanding beyond non‐economic explanations of (non)‐compliance behaviour, approaches and theory used fail to show the diversity of perceptions and dispositions that can underpin motivations. A deepening engagement with behavioural sciences like sociology, psychology or behavioural economics is increasingly recognized as key in tackling compliance issues in marine protected areas. In this paper, we contribute to such a strand of compliance scholarship by presenting the responses and positions to (non‐) compliance, rules/regulations and authorities of different people, for example, fishers, traders and others involved in an area‐based fishery management intervention in Zanzibar, Tanzania.

We take a qualitative approach aligning with an interpretive research ethic to carry out story circles, photo‐elicitation tasks and focus groups at three sites enacting periodic octopus closures. Theory drawn from sociology, anthropology and cognitive sciences was used to interpret how participants justified were motivated by or dispositioned towards rules, rule makers and rule breakers.

Generally, the area‐management intervention was supported by participants, signalling the potential for future compliance most commonly based on the recognition of a degraded marine ecosystem in need of protection. However, the diverse and dynamic responses by different livelihood groups (i.e. traders and fishers) indicated on which basis and through which logics compliance behaviour was condoned or legitimated. This type of insight can help managers gauge or anticipate the potential for non‐compliance in participatory approaches that can impact the health of marine ecosystems. Recommendations include providing discussion spaces for conservation participants' (not just fishermen or fishery organizations) own meanings to be understood and not assumed. Meanings which create and shape relations, actions and concepts in marine protected area processes and thus directly impact the uptake and sustainability of conservation interventions.

Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
Effects of Tube Diameter and Gas Flow Rate on the Discharge Dynamics Characteristics and Reactive Species of Nanosecond Pulsed Discharge Plasma in Contact With Water
Authors: Liang Jian‐Ping , Lu Ke , Yuan Hao , Wang Hong‐Li , Chen Chao‐Jun , Zhou Zi‐Kai , Yang De‐Zheng 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe use of millimeter quartz tubes to generate non‐thermal plasma in contact with liquid is widely applied in medicine, such as the effective disinfection of catheter tubes and tooth cavities. Here, the effects of tube diameter and gas flow rate on discharge dynamics and reactive species characteristics of nanosecond pulse needle‐water discharge are studied using an ICCD camera and optical emission spectra. The discharge diffusion is increased significantly by an appropriate combination of tube diameter and gas flow rate. Besides, the discharge intensity, emission spectra intensities of reactive species, gas temperature, and electron density increase with the increase of quartz tube diameter and gas flow rate, which contributes to enhance the production of OH and H2O2 species in aqueous samples.
Forecasting atmospheric persistence and implications for the predictability of temperature and temperature extremes
Authors: Holmberg Emma , Tietsche Steffen , Messori Gabriele 
Published: November 2024

AbstractExtreme temperatures can cause severe disruptions to society, from negative health consequences to infrastructure damage. Accurate and timely weather forecasts contribute to minimising these detrimental effects, by supporting early‐warning systems. In this context, information on the expected performance of the forecasts is valuable. Here, we investigate whether there is a relationship between the persistence of atmospheric circulation patterns in the Euro‐Atlantic sector and forecast skill for temperatures and temperature extremes in Europe. We first apply an objective method to compute the persistence of large‐scale atmospheric patterns in European Centre for Medium‐Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) subseasonal retrospective forecasts. We find that the forecasts successfully predict atmospheric persistence up to time‐scales of approximately two weeks. We next investigate the relationship between the persistence of an atmospheric state and the practical predictability of temperature in terms of the error in surface temperature forecasts. The relationship between the two varies depending on season and location. Nonetheless, in a number of cases atmospheric persistence provides potentially valuable information on the practical predictability of temperature. We specifically highlight the cases of wintertime temperature forecasts up to three weeks lead time and wintertime cold spells up to roughly two weeks lead time.
Watchful waiting in laryngo‐tracheobronchial amyloid: A case report
Authors: Beinart Dylan , Chai Siaw Ming , Walsh Olivia , Ramakrishnan Sanjay , Blakey John 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWe report the long term follow up of a now 66‐year‐old male with laryngo‐tracheobronchial amyloidosis. The patient initially presented with dysphonia and dyspnoea. He was diagnosed with laryngeal reflux and asthma. Seven years later, the patient underwent cross sectional thoracic imaging showing diffuse thickening of the distal trachea and proximal main bronchi. The patient's FEV1 and FVC remained stable over 13 years and no intervention was required.
Advancing Interpretable Regression Analysis for Binary Data: A Novel Distributed Algorithm Approach
Authors: Tong Jiayi , Li Lu , Reps Jenna Marie , Lorman Vitaly , Jing Naimin , Edmondson Mackenzie , Lou Xiwei , Jhaveri Ravi , Kelleher Kelly J. , Pajor Nathan M. , Forrest Christopher B. , Bian Jiang , Chu Haitao , Chen Yong 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTSparse data bias, where there is a lack of sufficient cases, is a common problem in data analysis, particularly when studying rare binary outcomes. Although a two‐step meta‐analysis approach may be used to lessen the bias by combining the summary statistics to increase the number of cases from multiple studies, this method does not completely eliminate bias in effect estimation. In this paper, we propose a one‐shot distributed algorithm for estimating relative risk using a modified Poisson regression for binary data, named ODAP‐B. We evaluate the performance of our method through both simulation studies and real‐world case analyses of postacute sequelae of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection in children using data from 184 501 children across eight national academic medical centers. Compared with the meta‐analysis method, our method provides closer estimates of the relative risk for all outcomes considered including syndromic and systemic outcomes. Our method is communication‐efficient and privacy‐preserving, requiring only aggregated data to obtain relatively unbiased effect estimates compared with two‐step meta‐analysis methods. Overall, ODAP‐B is an effective distributed learning algorithm for Poisson regression to study rare binary outcomes. The method provides inference on adjusted relative risk with a robust variance estimator.
Monomers Versus Prenucleation Clusters En Route to Polymorphism of Supramolecular Polymers
Authors: Elizebath Drishya , Sharma Sanjay , Varughese Sunil , Ramachandran C. N. , Praveen Vakayil K. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPolymorphism in supramolecular polymers is strongly correlated with the polymerization pathways underlying their formation. To effectively control emerging polymorphs, a comprehensive understanding of nucleation pathways and mechanisms is essential. Herein, a coronene‐dipeptide conjugate (Cr‐o‐FFOEt) is introduced and its self‐assembly into two different stable 1D supramolecular polymorphs (Agg 1 and 2f) is observed in the same solvent composition (water/THF, 7:3 v/v) and same concentration at room temperature, following two competitive self‐assembly pathways. The difference in the mode of solvent addition triggers the two self‐assembly pathways. Furthermore, the isolated intermediate Agg 2i is found to transform into Agg 1 or Agg 2f under controlled experimental conditions. The supramolecular aggregates of Cr‐o‐FFOEt are thoroughly examined with the help of optical, chiroptical, and morphological techniques to understand the subtle difference in choosing the self‐assembling pathways. The studies reveal that the nanotube formation of Agg 1 follows a classical nucleation‐elongation supramolecular polymerization mechanism (involving monomers). In contrast, the helical fibers of Agg 2f are formed by the involvement of preorganized oligomers (nonclassical process). The observation highlights the underappreciated role of prenucleation clusters in pathway complexity and polymorphism of supramolecular 1D polymers.
Electronic Structure Engineering of RuNi Alloys Decrypts Hydrogen and Hydroxyl Active Site Separation and Enhancement for Efficient Alkaline Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Lian Wei , Chen Feng , Wu Jie , Mo Haoyang , Zhu Qiuyu , Zhang Xian , Song Shaoxian , Jia Feifei 
Published: November 2024

AbstractRational design of the active sites of hydrolysis dissociation intermediates to weaken their active site competition and toxicity is a key challenge to achieve efficient and stable hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in ruthenium‐containing alloys. Density Functional Theory (DFT) simulations reveal that the transfer of the d‐band electrons from Ru to Ni in RuNi alloys results in a Gibbs free energy of −0.12 eV for the Ru0.250Ni Fcc‐site H*. In addition, the high spin state of the electrons outside the Ru nucleus strengthens the adsorption of OH* on the Ru─Ni bond, which weakens the active‐site competition and toxicity successfully. This theoretical prediction is confirmed by electrodeposition of prepared aRuxNi, and the RuNi alloys obtained by Ru atom doping have excellent HER properties. aRu0.250Ni has overpotentials of 38 and 162.4 mV at −10 and −100 mA cm−2, respectively, and can be stably operated at −100 mA cm−2 Dual‐electrode system aRu0.250Ni//bRu0Ni demonstrates an ultra‐low battery voltage (1.86 V @500 mA cm−2) and excellent stability (24 h@300 mA cm−2). This holistic work resolves the mechanism of active site separation and strengthening in RuNi alloys, and provides a new design idea for the preparation of highly efficient alkaline HER electrodes.
In Situ Transformable Fibrillar Clusters Disrupt Intracellular Copper Metabolic Homeostasis by Comprehensive Blockage of Cuprous Ions Efflux
Authors: Chen Yichi , Wang Yijun , Zhang Ruotian , Wang Fengyi , Lin Xin , Wang Tong , Zhang Wenyuan , Deng Fuan , Wu Bolin , Shang Haitao , Cheng Wen , Zhang Lu 
Published: November 2024

AbstractDysregulation of copper metabolism is intricately associated with the occurrence and therapeutic management of colorectal cancer. Previous studies have attempted to induce cuproptosis by delivering lethal doses of copper ions into tumor cells, often with systemic safety risks. In vivo, transformable peptide is modular and designed for various tumor‐related proteins, which can affect protein function and distribution. Here, a fibrillar transformation peptidic (FTP) nanoparticle is synthesized, which can bind ATP7B membrane proteins (cuprous ions transporter) and transform into nanofibrils/ATP7B clusters, inducing “copper‐free cuproptosis” in vivo. Without adding exogenous copper ions, the spherical FTP nanoparticles bound the high distribution regions of ATP7B membrane proteins, transforming into fibrillar networks in situ with prolonged retention. The cage‐like fibrillar network would further capture unbound or newly generated free ATP7B membrane proteins, thereby significantly and consistently preventing cuprous ions efflux. The FTP nanoparticles would not undergo in situ fibrillar transformation on the low expression region of ATP7B membrane proteins but enter the cell for safe degradation, which exhibited high specificity and safety in vivo. By disrupting intracellular copper homeostasis, the transformable fibrillar clusters displayed a long‐term anti‐tumor effect on subcutaneous transplantation and liver metastatic CRC models.
Bimodal Droplet‐Based Electricity Generation Through Semi Cassini Oval Dynamic Morphology Control
Authors: Xu Jiaxing , Bu Ling , Han Xu , Xue Kaiwen , Du Gang , Wang Xiaohong 
Published: November 2024

AbstractDroplet‐based electricity generator (DEG) is the promising energy harvesting technology applicable in versatile scenarios. Despite numerous optimizations in DEG's materials and structures, few has paid attention to the droplet dynamics and morphology control. Here the droplet's spread‐retraction dynamics and the resultant semi Cassini oval (SCO) morphology are reported, characterized by convex at both ends and concave in the middle. The lifted top electrode (LTE) is designed to respond to the dynamic SCO morphology in two steps: 1) LTE first contacts the leading edge of the spreading droplet, generating a negative voltage peak; 2) LTE second contacts the trailing edge of the retracting droplet, generating a positive voltage peak. In this way, bimodal electrical output is obtained, which exhibits 25% increase in peak‐to‐peak voltage and 33% increase in average power compared to the traditional DEG with only one voltage peak. These results prove that incorporating the droplet dynamics and morphology control into DEG design uplifts the energy harvesting limit from individual droplet. The proposed LTE‐DEG inspires alternative route for DEG power enhancement by maximizing energy utilization of individual droplet from the perspective of droplet dynamic morphology design.
Nanofluidic Lab‐On‐A‐Chip Systems for Biosensing in Healthcare
Authors: Chong Shin Wei , Shen Yi , Palomba Stefano , Vigolo Daniele 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBiosensing plays a vital role in healthcare monitoring, disease detection, and treatment planning. In recent years, nanofluidic technology has been increasingly explored to be developed into lab‐on‐a‐chip biosensing systems. Given now the possibility of fabricating geometrically defined nanometric channels that are commensurate with the size of many biomolecules, nanofluidic‐based devices are likely to become a key technology for the analysis of various clinical biomarkers, including DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and proteins in liquid biopsies. This review summarizes the fundamentals and technological advances of nanofluidics from the purview of single‐molecule analysis, detection of low‐abundance molecules, and single‐cell analysis at the subcellular level. The extreme confinement and dominant surface charge effects in nanochannels provide unique advantages to nanofluidic devices for the manipulation and transport of target biomarkers. When coupled to a microfluidic network to facilitate sample introduction, integrated micro‐nanofluidic biosensing devices are proving to be more sensitive and specific in molecular analysis compared to conventional assays in many cases. Based on recent progress in nanofluidics and current clinical trends, the review concludes with a discussion of near‐term challenges and future directions for the development of nanofluidic‐based biosensing systems toward enabling a new wave of lab‐on‐a‐chip technology for personalized and preventive medicine.