bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How I treat Burkitt lymphoma in children, adolescents, and young adults in sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Gopal Satish , Gross Thomas G. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Burkitt lymphoma (BL) is the most common pediatric cancer in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), and also occurs frequently among adolescents and young adults (AYAs), often associated with HIV. Treating BL in SSA poses particular challenges. Although highly effective, high-intensity cytotoxic treatments used in resource-rich settings are usually not feasible, and lower-intensity continuous infusion approaches are impractical. In this article, based on evidence from the region, we review management strategies for SSA focused on diagnosis and use of prephase and definitive treatment. Additionally, potentially better approaches for risk stratification and individualized therapy are elaborated. Compared with historical very low-intensity approaches, the relative safety, feasibility, and outcomes of regimens incorporating anthracyclines and/or high-dose systemic methotrexate for this population are discussed, along with requirements to administer such regimens safely. Finally, research priorities for BL in SSA are outlined including novel therapies, to reduce the unacceptable gap in outcomes for patients in SSA vs high-income countries (HICs). Sustained commitment to incremental advances and innovation, as in cooperative pediatric oncology groups in HICs, is required to transform care and outcomes for BL in SSA through international collaboration.
Enrichment of FGFR3-TACC3 Fusions in Patients With Bladder Cancer Who Are Young, Asian, or Have Never Smoked
Authors: Nassar Amin H. , Lundgren Kevin , Pomerantz Mark , Van Allen Eliezer , Harshman Lauren , Choudhury Atish D. , Preston Mark A. , Steele Graeme S. , Mouw Kent W. , Wei Xiao X. , McGregor Bradley A. , Choueiri Toni K. , Bellmunt Joaquim , Kwiatkowski David J. , Sonpavde Guru P. 
Published: May 2018

Purpose FGFR3-TACC3 (fibroblast growth factor receptor 3–transforming acidic coiled coil-containing protein 3) fusions have recently been identified as driver mutations that lead to the activation of FGFR3 in bladder cancer and other tumor types and are associated with sensitivity to tyrosine kinase inhibitors. We examined the clinical and molecular characteristics of patients with FGFR3-TACC3 fusions and hypothesized that they are enriched in a subset of patients with bladder cancer. Materials and Methods We correlated somatic FGFR3-TACC3 fusions with clinical and molecular features in two cohorts of patients with bladder cancer. The first cohort consisted of the muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) data set (n = 412) from The Cancer Genome Atlas. The second cohort consisted of patients with MIBC or high-grade non-MIBC at the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute that had targeted capture sequencing of a selected panel of cancer genes (n = 356). All statistical tests were two sided. The clinical response of one patient with FGFR3-TACC3 bladder cancer to an FGFR3 inhibitor was investigated. Results Overall, 751 patients with high-grade bladder cancer without FGFR3-TACC3 fusions and 17 with FGFR3-TACC3 fusions were identified in the pooled analysis of the data sets from The Cancer Genome Atlas and the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute. FGFR3-TACC3 fusions were enriched in patients age ≤ 50 years versus age 51 to 65 years versus those older than 65 years (pooled, P = .002), and were observed in four (12%) of 33 patients age ≤ 50 years in the pooled analysis. Similarly, FGFR3-TACC3 fusions were significantly more common in Asians (13%) compared with African Americans (4%) and whites (2%; pooled, P < .001), as well as in never smokers (5.6%) compared with ever smokers (1.1%; pooled, P < .001). One patient with the fusion who was treated with an FGFR3 inhibitor achieved complete remission for 10 months. Conclusion Clinical testing to identify FGFR3 fusions should be prioritized for patients with bladder cancer who are younger, never smokers, and/or Asian.
How alternative splicing affects membrane-trafficking dynamics
Authors: Blue R. Eric , Curry Ennessa G. , Engels Nichlas M. , Lee Eunice Y. , Giudice Jimena 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACT
The cell biology field has outstanding working knowledge of the fundamentals of membrane-trafficking pathways, which are of critical importance in health and disease. Current challenges include understanding how trafficking pathways are fine-tuned for specialized tissue functions in vivo and during development. In parallel, the ENCODE project and numerous genetic studies have revealed that alternative splicing regulates gene expression in tissues and throughout development at a post-transcriptional level. This Review summarizes recent discoveries demonstrating that alternative splicing affects tissue specialization and membrane-trafficking proteins during development, and examines how this regulation is altered in human disease. We first discuss how alternative splicing of clathrin, SNAREs and BAR-domain proteins influences endocytosis, secretion and membrane dynamics, respectively. We then focus on the role of RNA-binding proteins in the regulation of splicing of membrane-trafficking proteins in health and disease. Overall, our aim is to comprehensively summarize how trafficking is molecularly influenced by alternative splicing and identify future directions centered on its physiological relevance.
freesurfer: Connecting the Freesurfer software with R
Authors: Muschelli John , Sweeney Elizabeth , Crainiceanu Ciprian M. 
Published: May 2018

We present the packagefreesurfer, a set of R functions that interface with Freesurfer, a commonly-used open-source software package for processing and analyzing structural neuroimaging data, specifically T1-weighted images. Thefreesurferpackage performs operations on nifti image objects in R using command-line functions from Freesurfer, and returns R objects back to the user. freesurferallows users to process neuroanatomical images and provides functionality to convert and read the output of the Freesurfer pipelines more easily, including brain images, brain surfaces, and Freesurfer output tables.
Peer-to-Peer Product Sharing: Implications for Ownership, Usage, and Social Welfare in the Sharing Economy
Authors: Benjaafar Saif , Kong Guangwen , Li Xiang , Courcoubetis Costas 
Published: May 2018

We describe an equilibrium model of peer-to-peer product sharing, or collaborative consumption, where individuals with varying usage levels make decisions about whether or not to own a homogeneous product. Owners are able to generate income from renting their products to nonowners while nonowners are able to access these products through renting on an as-needed basis. We characterize equilibrium outcomes, including ownership and usage levels, consumer surplus, and social welfare. We compare each outcome in systems with and without collaborative consumption and examine the impact of various problem parameters. Our findings indicate that collaborative consumption can result in either lower or higher ownership and usage levels, with higher ownership and usage levels more likely when the cost of ownership is high. Our findings also indicate that consumers always benefit from collaborative consumption, with individuals who, in the absence of collaborative consumption, are indifferent between owning and not owning benefitting the most. We study both profit-maximizing and social-welfare–maximizing platforms and compare equilibrium outcomes under both in terms of ownership, usage, and social welfare. We find that the difference in social welfare between the profit-maximizing and social-welfare–maximizing platforms is relatively modest. The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2017.2970 . This paper was accepted by Gad Allon, operations management.
Relationships between public health faculty and decision makers at four governmental levels: a social network analysis
Authors: Jessani Nasreen S , Babcock Carly , Siddiqi Sameer , Davey-Rothwel Melissa , Ho Shirley , Holtgrave David R 
Published: May 2018

Background
Relationships between academic faculty and decision makers have been documented as an important factor in the evidence-to-policy process. However, knowledge about the breadth, depth and dynamic quality of these relationships often remains unknown therefore rendering the potential for influence untapped, uncoordinated, redundant or inefficient.

Methods
We mapped the relationships between faculty at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health and decision makers at the city, state, federal and global levels. In 2016, 211 of 627 eligible full-time faculty participated in a sociometric survey. Common metrics for social network analysis were modified to provide reliable indicators of network characteristics. UCINet was used for network visualisation. ‘Highly connected’ individuals included: faculty with ≥5 contacts at any one government level; those appearing in the top 10% in total across all four levels; decision makers appearing in the top 2% of frequently mentioned people.

Results
Results revealed faculty relationships spanning >100 government departments, ~700 decision makers, and 45 country governments. The majority of respondents (72%) mentioned at least one decision maker; 49 faculty and 24 decision makers appeared as ‘highly connected’. While the School of Public Health (SPH) demonstrates a diversity of relationships within and across government agencies, there were also identifiable gaps.

Conclusion
This study provides further support for using Network Analysis to explore size, reach, diversity and density of relationships between academic faculty and decision makers, with network maps serving as a proxy for potential influence. Academic institutions and government agencies should nurture a variety of relationships in order to enhance engaged scholarship and further informed decision making.
Predicting Plan Failure by Monitoring Action Sequences and Duration
Authors: Farias Giovani Parente , Pereira Ramon Fraga , Hilgert Lucas , Meneguzzi Felipe , Vieira Renata , Bordini Rafael Heitor 
Published: May 2018

Anticipating failures in agent plan execution is important to enable an agent to develop strategies to avoid or circumvent such failures, allowing the agent to achieve its goal. Plan recognition can be used to infer which plans are being executed from observations of sequences of activities being performed by an agent. In this work, we use this symbolic plan recognition algorithm to find out which plan the agent is performing and develop a failure prediction system, based on plan library information and in a simplified calendar that manages the goals the agent has to achieve. This failure predictor is able to monitor the sequence of agent actions and detects if an action is taking too long or does not match the plan that the agent was expected to perform. We showcase this approach successfully in a health-care prototype system.
Designs of Textile Antenna Arrays for Smart Clothing Applications
Authors: Chin Kuo-Sheng , Wu Chi-Sheng , Shen Chien-Lung , Tsai Kun-Chuan 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
In this work, three designs of textile antennas, namely, a rectangular microstrip patch antenna, annular slot antenna, and planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA), operating in the 2.45 GHz WLAN band were developed for smart clothing applications. Conductive textile, a copper-plated polyester fabric, was used for fabricating antenna radiators and grounds. An insulating neoprene fabric with a thickness of 4 mm and a permittivity of 1.5 was used for preparing the substrates. The textile patch antenna achieved a maximum gain of 5.96 dBi and a bandwidth of 4.6%. The annual slot antenna showed a moderate gain and bandwidth of 2.9 dBi and 13.1%, respectively. The PIFA achieved the widest bandwidth of 31% but the smallest gain of 1.2 dBi. Furthermore, the performance deterioration of the proposed antennas under various bending conditions was analyzed to evaluate their suitability for wearable applications. Moreover, two 2 × 2 patch and slot antenna arrays were assembled to increase gain and bandwidth. The measured results proved that the developed antenna designs provide superior performance.
Standards of Proof and Civil Litigation: A Game-Theoretic Analysis
Authors: Guerra Alice , Luppi Barbara , Parisi Francesco 
Published: May 2018

AbstractIn litigation models, the parties’ probability to succeed in a lawsuit hinge upon the merits of the parties’ claims and their litigation efforts. In this paper we extend this framework to consider an important procedural aspect of the legal system: the standard of proof. We recast the conventional litigation model to consider how alternative standards of proof affect litigation choices. We analyze the interrelation between different standards of proof, the effectiveness of the parties’ efforts, and the merits of the case. We study how these factors jointly affect the parties’ litigation expenditures, the selection of cases brought to the courts, pretrial bargain solutions and preemptive strategies. Our results show that standards of proof are not only instrumental to balancing the competing goals of access to justice and judicial truth-finding, but they also play a critical role in affecting parties’ litigation investments and settlement choices, and in sorting the mix of cases that will actually be filed and defended in courts. The understanding of the sorting effect of standards of proof sheds light on their role as a policy instrument in civil litigation.
Exploring the potential of mucin 13 (MUC13) as a biomarker for carcinomas and other diseases
Authors: Filippou Panagiota S. , Ren Annie H. , Korbakis Dimitrios , Dimitrakopoulos Lampros , Soosaipillai Antoninus , Barak Vivian , Frenkel Shahar , Pe’er Jacob , Lotem Michal , Merims Sharon , Molina Rafael , Blasutig Ivan , Bogdanos Dimitrios P. , Diamandis Eleftherios P. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract

Background:
Mucin 13 (MUC13) is a cell surface glycoprotein aberrantly expressed in a variety of epithelial carcinomas. Thus far, the role of MUC13 in various diseases remains elusive. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to examine the potential of MUC13 as a serum biomarker in a variety of carcinomas and other conditions.

Methods:
We developed a recombinant MUC13 protein, mouse monoclonal antibodies and enzyme immunoassay (ELISA) for MUC13. We used this assay to measure MUC13 levels in the supernatants of cancer cell lines and a large cohort of serum samples from healthy and diseased individuals.

Results:
MUC13 is secreted from cancer cell lines, with highest levels found in ovarian cancer cell lines. MUC13 levels in human sera were significantly increased in patients with renal failure and 20%–30% of patients with ovarian, liver, lung and other cancers. MUC13 was also elevated in 70% of patients with active cutaneous melanoma, but not uveal melanoma. Furthermore, we identified significant MUC13 elevations in the serum of patients with vasculitis (ANCA-positive) autoantibodies, but not in those with inflammatory bowel disease.

Conclusions:
Serum MUC13 is frequently elevated not only in a variety of malignant cases but also in some benign pathologies, thus appearing to be a non-specific disease biomarker. Nonetheless, serum MUC13 is clearly highly elevated in some carcinoma patients, and its relationship with tumor progression in this context warrant further research. Future studies that examine the correlation between serum MUC13 levels to stage of cancer could elucidate prognostic potential.
Oxidation of dibenzothiophene using the heterogeneous catalyst of tungsten-based carbon nanotubes
Authors: Quyen Nguyen Duc Vu , Tuyen Tran Ngoc , Khieu Dinh Quang , Hai Ho Van Minh , Tin Dang Xuan , Itatani Kiyoshi 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Highly effective tungsten-based carbon nanotubes (W/CNT) were synthesized and used as a heterogeneous catalyst for the oxidation of dibenzothiophene (DBT) with the oxidant H2O2. The obtained materials were characterized by modern methods. The Langmuir–Hinshelwood kinetics model described the precursor mechanism of the reaction well through an intermediate compound. The low activation energy showed that the reaction was mainly controlled by diffusion. The positive activation enthalpy proved the endothermic nature of the activation process, and this process did not alter the inside structure of the catalyst. The thermodynamic parameters of the reaction were determined, which implied that the oxidation was endothermic and spontaneous at 303 K. The more negative values of the Gibbs free energy from 283 to 323 K confirmed that the reaction was more favorable at high temperatures. The stability and activity of catalyst were retained after three reaction cycles.
Existence of solutions for nonlinear Schrödinger systems with periodic data perturbations
Authors: Chergui Thiziri , Tas Saadia 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
This paper deals with a class of the stationary nonlinear Schrödinger
Systems in

ℝ
N

{\mathbb{R}^{N}}

. Our main tools are based on variational methods. More precisely, by using
Ekeland’s Variational Principle, the Mountain Pass Theorem and the Nehari
Manifold Method, an existence result is established.
On some nonlinear hyperbolic p(x,t)-Laplacian equations
Authors: Ahmedatt Taghi , Aberqi Ahmed , Touzani Abedlfettah , Yazough Chihab 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
This paper is devoted to study the global existence of solutions of the hyperbolic Dirichlet equation

u

t
⁢
t

=

L
⁢
u

+

f
⁢

(
x
,
t
)

in
⁢

Ω
T

=

Ω
×

(
0
,
T
)

,

u_{tt}=Lu+f(x,t)\quad\text{in }\Omega_{T}=\Omega\times(0,T),

where L is a nonlinear operator and

ϕ
⁢

(
x
,
t
,
⋅
)

{\phi(x,t,\cdot\,)}

,

f
⁢

(
x
,
t
)

{f(x,t)}

and the exponents of the nonlinearities

p
⁢

(
x
,
t
)

{p(x,t)}

and

μ
⁢

(
x
,
t
)

{\mu(x,t)}

are given functions.
Study the precision of creating 3D structure modeling form terrestrial laser scanner observations
Authors: Zeidan Zaki M. , Beshr Ashraf A. , Shehata Ashraf G. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Laser scanner has become widely used nowadays for several applications in civil engineering. An advantage of laser scanner as compared to other geodetic instruments is its capability of collecting hundreds or even thousands of point per second. Terrestrial laser scanner allows acquiring easy and fast complex geometric data from building, machines, objects, etc. Several experimental and field tests are required to investigate the quality and accuracy of scanner points cloud and the 3D geometric models derived from laser scanner. So this paper investigates the precision of creation three dimensional structural model resulted from terrestrial laser scanner observations. The paper also presented the ability to create 3D model by structural faces depending on the plane equation for each face resulted from coordinates of several observed points cover this face using reflector less total station observations. Precision comparison for the quality of 3D models created from laser scanner observations and structure faces is also presented.The results of the practical measurements, calculations and analysis of results are presented.
Effect of Different Silicic Acid Ester on the Properties of Sandstones with Varying Binders
Authors: Braun Franziska , Orlowsky Jeanette 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
This study deals with the effect of using different silicic acid ethyl esters (SAE) on diverse sandstones and to estimate their influence on the properties of the treated stones. Prismatic samples of Baumberger Sandstone (BST), Sander Sandstone (SST) and Nievelsteiner Sandstone (NST) with the dimensions 50 mm×50 mm×100 mm were treated with three different consolidating agents based on silicic acid ethyl ester (KSE 100, KSE 300, KSE 510) in three different procedures (vacuum, 1- and 5- time impregnation). The aim of this study is to demonstrate that differences in application, for instance varying stone consolidation agents, other treatment procedures as well as using sandstone samples with different binders (BST: calcareous, SST: clayey, NST: quartzitic), cause in each case different results concerning the strengthening effect and the success of a consolidation action. Laboratory measurements were performed on treated and untreated material in order to estimate the effectiveness of stone consolidation actions. To detect the influence of subsequent treatment procedures, water vapour diffusion resistance (WVDR) and capillary water absorption (CWA) measurements were carried out. Furthermore, the effectiveness of a stone consolidation was analysed by measuring ultrasound velocity, compressive strength, flexural strength, bond strength by pull-off and the porosity of the stone samples. Due to varying treatment procedures the investigated sandstones showed different petrophysical and mechanical properties (no strengthening effect up to “over-treating”). Different treatment procedures lead to increasing amounts of strengthening agent in the pore space of the investigated stones and as a result to higher values in WVDR (except BST and NST samples), ultrasound velocity and to an improvement in mechanical strength (except compressive strength of NST). This applies in particular to 1-time, 5-time and vacuum impregnated SST and 5-time treated NST and BST, regardless of the used stone strengthener. On the other hand, these different treatment procedures lead often to a decreased CWA and to a reduction in total porosity. The performed measurements indicate a development in strength in case of 5-time and vacuum treatment, but also an increase of the possibility of sealing the pores, especially for SST samples.
Balo’s concentric sclerosis: an update and comprehensive literature review
Authors: Amini Harandi Ali , Esfandani Akram , Pakdaman Hossein , Abbasi Mehdi , Sahraian Mohammad Ali 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Balo’s concentric sclerosis (BCS) is considered a variant of multiple sclerosis characterized by concentric lamella of alternating demyelinated and partially myelinated tissues. It is a rare and a relatively acute condition. Attacks may proceed rapidly over weeks or months, typically without remission, like Marburg’s variant, resulting in death or severe disability. However, the majority of cases have a more benign, self-limiting course with spontaneous remission. Magnetic resonance imaging is a primary imaging modality in the diagnosis of BCS. Treatment with intense immunosuppression may be indicated in patients with more aggressive form. New reports reveal more evidence regarding the pathophysiology and treatment strategies.
Species and number of bacterium may alternate IL-1β levels in the odontogenic cyst fluid
Authors: Cinar Suzan , Keskin Fahriye , Ciftci Sevgi , Cakarer Sirmahan , Selvi Firat , Keskin-Yalcin Basak , Deniz Gunnur 
Published: May 2018

Abstract

Objectives
The role of oral bacteria in the etiopathogenesis of odontogenic cysts (OC) is controversial. Immune response is regulated by the cytokines secreted during infection. This study aims to describe the association in between bacteria and levels of cytokines in OC.

Methods
Infected OC fluid samples were obtained from 25 odontogenic keratocysts and 14 radicular cysts (RC). Bacteria detection was performed by polymerase chain reaction on bacterial 16S rRNA genes. Cytokine levels in OC fluids were determined using “luminex” method.

Results

Porphyromonas gingivalis was the most common bacteria in all samples (41.03%). Bacteria species number was higher in RCs. The significant difference was detected in terms of interleukine (IL)-1β levels to the number of bacteria contained in cyst fluids (p<0.05). IL1-β level of cyst fluid group containing three or more species of bacteria increased compared with cyst fluid group containing two types of bacteria (p<0.05). IL-1β level was high in cyst fluids with Campylobacter rectus and Treponema denticola or with three or more bacteria species. IL-1β level was higher in the cyst fluids with Enterococcus faecalis negative than E. faecalis positives.

Conclusions
Our results suggest that species and the number of bacterium may differ IL-1β levels in the OC fluid.