bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of Long-Distance Travel on Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment Presentation and Outcome in Rural North Dakota
Authors: Jacobs David , Gokey Robert , Beal James R. 
Published: June 2019

Purpose: Long-distance travel in underserved, rural areas could delay treatment of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD). The purpose of this study was to determine whether patients living remotely experienced a delay in treatment, presented with more-advanced RRD, or had worse visual acuity (VA) outcomes than patients living locally. Methods: A retrospective consecutive case series is presented of patients undergoing RRD repair by pars plana vitrectomy or scleral buckle from August 2011 to September 2014 in Minot, North Dakota, USA. Exclusion criteria were RRD cases presenting with concurrent vitreoretinal disease. Results: Of the 143 total patients, 45 lived locally, 5.2±1.6 miles (8.4±2.6 km), and 98 lived remotely, 122.8±69 miles (197.6±111 km). Duration of symptoms was 14.0±30.2 days for local and 19.2±37.5 days for remote patients ( P = .42). Time from referring provider exam to vitreoretinal surgeon exam was similar for local and remote patients, 1.5±2.9 vs 1.5±2.8 days ( P = .97). The fovea was detached in 51.1% of local and 53.6% of remote patients ( P = .78). Mean clock-hours of RRD were similar in local and remote patients, 5.2±2.3 vs 5.5±2.6 hours ( P = .51). Proliferative vitreoretinopathy was present in 6.7% of local vs 14.4% of remote patients ( P = .19). Time from vitreoretinal surgeon exam to surgical repair was similar for local and remote patients, 1.8±3.4 vs 1.8±3.8 days ( P = .70). The mean logMAR VA change at 6 months was similar in local and remote patients, –0.54±.7 vs –0.52±.8 ( P = .91). Reoperation was required in 4.4% of local vs 6.1% of remote patients ( P = .69). Conclusions: Patients traveling long distances for management of RRD did not experience a significant delay in treatment, present with more-advanced RRD, or have worse VA outcomes than patients who lived locally. Patients with RRD living in remote rural areas can have similar outcomes to patients living locally when referred and treated urgently.
Induction gemcitabine and cisplatin in locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Zhang Yuan , Sun Ying , Ma Jun 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe standard of care for patients with locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma is concurrent platinum‐based chemoradiotherapy. Existing literature have demonstrated that the addition of gemcitabine and cisplatin as induction chemotherapy in locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma may have promising efficacy but were from phase 2 clinical trials. Stronger evidence‐based data in forms of phase 3 clinical trial investigating the survival benefits of adding gemcitabine and cisplatin induction chemotherapy for such patients have been urgently warranted. In one of our recent studies published in the New England Journal of Medicine, “Gemcitabine and cisplatin induction chemotherapy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma”, 480 locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients from 12 hospitals across China were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive either chemoradiotherapy alone or gemcitabine plus cisplatin and chemoradiotherapy. Our findings evinced that, as compared to chemoradiotherapy alone, the addition of induction chemotherapy comprising of gemcitabine plus cisplatin to concurrent cisplatin‐radiotherapy to patients with locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma was safe, demonstrated improved recurrence‐free survival, overall survival, and distant recurrence‐free survival, and marginally superior locoregional recurrence‐free survival.
BMP4 patterns Smad activity and generates stereotyped cell fate organization in spinal organoids
Authors: Duval Nathalie , Vaslin Célia , Barata Tiago C. , Frarma Youcef , Contremoulins Vincent , Baudin Xavier , Nedelec Stéphane , Ribes Vanessa C. 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACT
Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are secreted regulators of cell fate in several developing tissues. In the embryonic spinal cord, they control the emergence of the neural crest, roof plate and distinct subsets of dorsal interneurons. Although a gradient of BMP activity has been proposed to determine cell type identity in vivo, whether this is sufficient for pattern formation in vitro is unclear. Here, we demonstrate that exposure to BMP4 initiates distinct spatial dynamics of BMP signalling within the self-emerging epithelia of both mouse and human pluripotent stem cell-derived spinal organoids. The pattern of BMP signalling results in the stereotyped spatial arrangement of dorsal neural tube cell types, and concentration, timing and duration of BMP4 exposure modulate these patterns. Moreover, differences in the duration of competence time-windows between mouse and human account for the species-specific tempo of neural differentiation. Together, this study describes efficient methods for generating patterned subsets of dorsal interneurons in spinal organoids and supports the conclusion that graded BMP activity orchestrates the spatial organization of the dorsal neural tube cellular diversity in mouse and human.
Fluoroalkylation Methods for Synthesizing Versatile Building Blocks
Authors: Kawamura Shintaro , Sodeoka Mikiko 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
In this account, we provide an overview of synthetic methods for accessing fluoroalkylated compounds via electrophilic fluoroalkylation, especially of alkenes, focusing mainly on our own studies directed towards the discovery of drugs and agrochemicals. First, we describe trifluoromethylations with Togni reagent 1 in the presence of catalysts or electron-donating additives, providing access to a wide range of fluoroalkylated molecules. We then cover fluoroalkylations using fluorinated acid anhydrides. We recently showed that these acid anhydrides enable alkene fluoroalkylation via the in-situ formation of diacyl peroxide, with or without the aid of copper catalysts, affording various fluoroalkyl group-containing molecules in a practical manner. We also present some examples of structural diversification of the products, illustrating their synthetic utility as building blocks, which could be widely applicable, for example, in the construction of fluoroalkylated compound libraries.
Assessment of performance of Saudi children with learning disabilities by using the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery
Authors: Al Backer Nouf , Ateeq Alharbi Koloud , Alfahadi Abdulrahman , Shahid Habib Syed , Bashir Shahid 
Published: June 2019

Background: The neuropsychological tests and its subtests are composed of the motor planning task; simple reaction time task and the intradimensional/extradimensional shift (IED) task from the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB) were developed to examine specific components of cognition. The main objective of this study was to examine the reliability of these CANTAB subtests in pediatric patients with learning disabilities (LD) in Saudi Arabia. Methods: We administered the CANTAB subset test to 92 participants with LD and 68 controls with no LD. The tests performed were motor planning task (MOT), simple reaction time task (SRT) and the intradimensional/extradimensional shift (IED). Results: There was no significant age difference between the case and the control group (case: 9.2 ± 2.4 years versus controls: 9.0 ± 1.6 years, p=0.544). The IED and MOT were significantly longer among patients with LD versus control (p <0.001). LD cases had a longer SRT time than controls (cases: 1050.4 ± 626.5 versus controls: 815.5 ± 133.9, p=0.003). LD patients completed an average of 3.0 stages, than the controls, who were able to complete a mean of 8.4 IED stages (p<0.001). SRT was significantly longer in the case group (965.9 ± 716.4) compared to the controls (747.7 ± 120.7, p=0.014). LD cases made more errors in the motor screening tasks (MOT-Error) compared to the control group (case: 14.6 ± 4.5 versus controls: 12.4 ± 2.7, p<0.001). Conclusion: Patients with LD have poor CANTAB subtest results. If these CANTAB subtests do measure cognitive function, this adds to the accumulating evidence of cognitive impairment association in LD, and such studies should remain an active area of research.
Management of acute variceal hemorrhage
Authors: Zanetto Alberto , Garcia-Tsao Guadalupe 
Published: June 2019

Gastrointestinal bleeding is one of the major causes of death in patients with cirrhosis, and gastroesophageal varices represent the main source of hemorrhage. Even though in the last decades survival has been improved because of the widespread adoption of effective treatments and optimization of general medical care, mortality is still significantly high, and decompensated patients pose a complex challenge requiring a multidisciplinary approach that is crucial to improve survival. The aims of this commentary are to review the most recent advances in the management of esophageal variceal bleeding and to highlight useful information to aid hepatologists in clinical practice.
Implementing a quality management system using good clinical laboratory practice guidelines at KEMRI-CMR to support medical research
Authors: Gumba Horace , Waichungo Joseph , Lowe Brett , Mwanzu Alfred , Musyimi Robert , Thitiri Johnstone , Tigoi Caroline , Kamui Martin , Berkley James A. , Ngetich Ronald , Kavai Susan , Kariuki Samuel 
Published: June 2019

Background: Good Clinical Laboratory Practice (GCLP) is a standard that helps ensure the quality and reliability of research data through principles of Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) and Good Clinical Practice (GCP). The implementation of GCLP includes careful documentation of procedures, competencies and safety measures. Implementation of GCLP is influenced by existing resources and quality systems, thus laboratories in low- and middle-income countries may face additional challenges. Methods: This paper describes implementation of GCLP at the Kenya Medical Research Institute-Center for Microbiology Research (KEMRI-CMR) as part of a quality system to support medical research. This study employed assessment, twinning (institutional mentorship) model, conducting relevant training workshops and Kaizen 5S approaches to implement an effective quality management system using GCLP standard. This was achieved through a collaboration between the KEMRI/Wellcome Trust Research Programme (KWTRP) and KEMRI-CMR. The aim was compliance and continuous monitoring to meet international GCLP standards in a way that could be replicated in other research organizations. Results: Following a baseline assessment in March 2017, training, mentorship and a cycle of quality audit and corrective action using a Kaizen 5S approach (sorting, setting in order, shining, standardizing and sustaining) was established. Laboratory personnel were trained in writing standard operating procedures and analytical plans, microbiological techniques, and good documentation practice. Mid-term and exit assessments demonstrated significant declines in non-conformances across all GCLP elements. KEMRI-CMR achieved GCLP accreditation in May 2018 by Qualogy Ltd (UK). Conclusions: Involving all the laboratory personnel in implementation of quality management system processes is critical to success. An institutional mentorship (twinning) approach shows potential for future collaborations between accredited and non-accredited organizations to accelerate the implementation of high-quality management systems and continuous improvement.
Radiotherapy for Patients with Hydronephrosis-Induced Cervical Cancer
Authors: Бойко А. , Boyko A. , Дунаева Е. , Dunaeva E. , Демидова Л. , Demidova L. , Алексеев Б. , Alekseev B. , Леонтьев А. , Leont’ev A. , Дубовецкая О. , Dubovetskaya O. , Серова Л. , Serova L. 
Published: June 2019

Purpose: To justify the expansion of indications for radiation or chemoradiation therapy in patients with primary or recurrent cervical cancer complicated by hydronephrosis by eliminating obstruction of the ureters.
Material and methods: The study included 24 patients who received radiation or chemoradiotherapy from 2012 to 2018. 17 patients among them had primary cervical cancer and the other 7 had a relapse of cervical cancer in small pelvis. In accordance with FIGO and TNM classification (2009), stage IIIB was diagnosed (cT3bN0–1M0) in 16 patients and stage IVB (cT3bN1M1, metastasis in para-aortic lymph nodes) in 1 patient. Prior to the start of special treatment, in all patients was detected one- or two-sided hydronephrosis associated with a neoplastic process and accompanied by varying degrees of impaired parenchymal-excretory function of one of the kidneys.
Results: 11 patients underwent unilateral, 3 patients had bilateral ureteral stenting, nephrostomy was superimposed on 9 patients and 1 woman had an ureteral stent installed on one side, nephrostomy on the other side. In 70.8 % (17) patients, the irradiation course was performed without interruption. From 5 to 3 weeks (due to cystitis, endometritis, anemia). In 2 patients, it was not possible to complete the full course of radiotherapy because of the uncoupled effects of pyelonephritis, they were operated on. In the observation period up to 77 months (average observation time 29 months) 16 patients are alive, 12 of them are without signs of disease recurrence. In 6 patients, the natural passage of urine was restored. In 4 patients, the nephrostomy was replaced with a ureteral stent. In 3 patients with ureteral stents they are replaced. Three patients remain with nephrostomy. Eight women died from the progression of the underlying disease, of these, 6 patients with recurrent cervical cancer in the pelvis. Note that in all 6 patients, as a result of the irradiation, a pronounced palliative effect was achieved in the form of relief of pain and bleeding.
Conclusion: Performing adequate drainage of the ureter / s allows to expand the indications for radiotherapy or chemoradiation therapy under the radical program in patients with primary or recurrent cervical cancer.
Prediction of Compressive Strength Using Support Vector Regression
Authors: Sai Goutham J , Singh Vijay Pal 
Published: June 2019

At the design stage of a structure, the members of adequate dimension and strength is provided. But with passage of time, the strength of the members reduces gradually due to exposure to environmental conditions and unexpected loadings other than for which the structure is designed. Non Destructive Testing (NDT) method provides a convenient and rapid method of determination of existing strength of concrete without subjecting the member to any damage. In the present study, Support Vector Regression (SVR) in Python has been used for the prediction of compressive strength of concrete. Three different NDT techniques have been used as input for the SVR model. A good co-relation between predicted strength and strength determined after crushing the concrete cubes has been achieved. It has also been observed that accuracy in the predicted strength is more in case of inputs from more than one NDT technique is used.
Direct Versus Calculated LDL Cholesterol and C-Reactive Protein in Cardiovascular Disease Risk Assessment in the Framingham Offspring Study
Authors: Ikezaki Hiroaki , Fisher Virginia A , Lim Elise , Ai Masumi , Liu Ching-Ti , Adrienne Cupples L , Nakajima Katsuyuki , Asztalos Bela F , Furusyo Norihiro , Schaefer Ernst J 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDIncreases in circulating LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) concentrations are significant risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). We assessed direct LDL-C and hsCRP concentrations compared to standard risk factors in the Framingham Offspring Study.METHODSWe used stored frozen plasma samples (−80 °C) obtained after an overnight fast from 3147 male and female participants (mean age, 58 years) free of CVD at cycle 6 of the Framingham Offspring Study. Overall, 677 participants (21.5%) had a CVD end point over a median of 16.0 years of follow-up. Total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), HDL cholesterol (HDL-C), direct LDL-C (Denka Seiken and Kyowa Medex methods), and hsCRP (Dade Behring method) concentrations were measured by automated analysis. LDL-C was also calculated by both the Friedewald and Martin methods.RESULTSConsidering all CVD outcomes on univariate analysis, significant factors included standard risk factors (age, hypertension, HDL-C, hypertension treatment, sex, diabetes, smoking, and TC concentration) and nonstandard risk factors (non-HDL-C, direct LDL-C and calculated LDL-C, TG, and hsCRP concentrations). On multivariate analysis, only the Denka Seiken direct LDL-C and the Dade Behring hsCRP were still significant on Cox regression analysis and improved the net risk reclassification index, but with modest effects. Discordance analysis confirmed the benefit of the Denka Seiken direct LDL-C method for prospective hard CVD endpoints (new-onset myocardial infarction, stroke, and/or CVD death).CONCLUSIONSOur data indicate that the Denka Seiken direct LDL-C and Dade Behring hsCRP measurements add significant, but modest, information about CVD risk, compared to standard risk factors and/or calculated LDL-C.
Rolle und Aufgaben von Bibliotheken im Umfeld des Kerndatensatz Forschung
Authors: Biesenbender Sophie , Tobias Regine 
Published: June 2019

Zusammenfassung
In diesem Artikel wird die Frage aufgegriffen, welche Auswirkungen der Kerndatensatz Forschung (KDSF) auf die aktuelle bibliothekarische Praxis haben kann. Dabei wird eine Bestandsaufnahme der (möglichen) Betätigungsfelder von Bibliotheken rund um den KDSF und die Einführung von Forschungsinformationssystemen (FIS) gezogen. Es sollen die Herausforderungen und das Potenzial des KDSF für die tägliche bibliothekarische Praxis im Rahmen einer modernen und integrierten Forschungsberichterstattung beleuchtet und Impulse für in der Zukunft erforderliche Anpassungsprozesse gegeben werden. Der Artikel stellt Aufbau und Konzept des KDSF vor. Der Fokus liegt dabei auf dem Kerndatensatz-Bereich „Publikationen“. Bisherige Erfahrungen und Rückmeldungen an den „Helpdesk für die Einführung des Kerndatensatz Forschung“ werden aus bibliothekarischer Sicht erörtert. Ein weiterer Teil zeigt beispielhafte Aktivitäten und Herangehensweisen, die sich für Bibliotheken im Umfeld der Einführung von FIS ergeben.
Die Rolle der ORCID iD in der Wissenschaftskommunikation: Der Beitrag des ORCID-Deutschland-Konsortiums und das ORCID-DE-Projekt
Authors: Dreyer Britta , Hagemann-Wilholt Stephanie , Vierkant Paul , Strecker Dorothea , Glagla-Dietz Stephanie , Summann Friedrich , Pampel Heinz , Burger Marleen 
Published: June 2019

Zusammenfassung
ORCID schafft mit Services wie der eindeutigen Verknüpfung von Forschenden und ihren Publikationen die Basis moderner Wissenschaftskommunikation. Das ORCID-Deutschland-Konsortium bietet eine kostenreduzierte ORCID-Premiummitgliedschaft an und unterstützt die Mitglieder bei der erfolgreichen ORCID-Integration. Diese umfasst neben einer Dialogplattform mit deutschsprachigen Informationsmaterialien weitere Supportleistungen. Ein wichtiger Erfolgsfaktor ist außerdem eine umfassende Kommunikationsstrategie der ORCID-Implementierung. Hier können die Mitglieder auf etablierte Kommunikationskanäle innerhalb ihrer Einrichtungen zurückgreifen. Gemeinsam leisten sie mit der Unterstützung des ORCID-DE-Projekts einen wesentlichen Beitrag zur erfolgreichen Verbreitung von ORCID in Deutschland.
The effects of user comments on hedonic and eudaimonic entertainment experiences when watching online videos
Authors: Möller A. Marthe , Kühne Rinaldo 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Videos presented on social media platforms are frequently watched because people find them entertaining. However, videos on social media platforms are often presented together with user comments containing information about how entertaining previous viewers found them to be. This social information may affect people’s entertainment experiences. The goal of the present study was to explore how user comments affect viewers’ hedonic and eudaimonic entertainment experiences in response to online videos. The results of an online experiment (N = 203) showed that user comments in which previous viewers of a video indicate that they enjoyed or appreciated the video increase the hedonic entertainment experiences of new viewers. Viewers’ eudaimonic entertainment experiences were unaffected by user comments. These findings show that entertainment experiences do not emerge in response to online videos alone. Instead, they also depend on information about the entertainment experiences of previous viewers.
Response to sapropterin hydrochloride (Kuvan®) in children with phenylketonuria (PKU): a clinical trial
Authors: Eshraghi Peyman , Noroozi Asl Samaneh , Bagheri Sepideh , Chalak Vajiheh 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

Background
Phenylketonuria (PKU) is one of the most common types of inborn error of metabolism. The mainstay of therapy for PKU has been dietary phenylalanine (Phe) restriction. Sapropterin dihydrochloride has been shown to be effective in reducing Phe levels in PKU patients.

Methods
This study was a clinical trial performed in the pediatric endocrine clinic of Imam Reza Hospital, Mashhad, Iran.

Results
All children between 1 and 10 years of age with a diagnosis of PKU whose serum Phe levels were between 120 and 360 μmol/L, in Khorasan Razavi province in the north-east of Iran, were enrolled. Twenty-four patients were enrolled in the study. Intervention: A free diet for 72 h was allowed and then a 20-mg/kg/day dose of Kuvan® was administered. More than 30% reduction in blood Phe levels was described as responsive. Eight patients responded to the loading test and were eligible for the second stage of the study. In this stage, Phe powder in combination with Kuvan was provided. Patients’ serum Phe was measured weekly for 3 months. All eight patients showed Phe tolerance in 3 months, and their serum Phe levels remained within the range.

Conclusions
Treatment with Kuvan can help reduce blood Phe levels in our pediatric PKU population and allows patients to follow a more liberal diet.
Effects of GLP-1 on counter-regulatory responses during hypoglycemia after GBP surgery
Authors: Almby Kristina E , Abrahamsson Niclas , Lundqvist Martin H , Hammar Ulf , Thombare Ketan , Panagiotou Amalia , Karlsson F Anders , Sundbom Magnus , Wiklund Urban , Eriksson Jan W 
Published: June 2019

Objectives
The aim of the study was to explore the role of GLP-1 receptor activation on the counter-regulation and symptoms of hypoglycemia in subjects who have undergone gastric bypass surgery (GBP).

Design
Experimental hyperinsulinemic–hypoglycemic clamp study.

Methods
Twelve post-GBP subjects participated in a randomized cross-over study with two hyperinsulinemic, hypoglycemic clamps (glucose nadir 2.7 mmol/L) performed on separate days with concomitant infusions of the GLP-1 analog exenatide or with saline, respectively. Continuous measurements of metabolites and counter-regulatory hormones as well as assessments of heart rate variability and symptoms of hypoglycemia were performed throughout the clamps.

Results
No effect of GLP-1 receptor activation on counter-regulatory hormones (glucagon, catecholamines, cortisol, GH) or glucose infusion rate was seen, but we found indications of a downregulation of the sympathetic relative to the parasympathetic nerve activity, as reflected in heart rate variability. No significant differences in symptom of hypoglycemia were observed.

Conclusions/interpretation
Short-term exposure to a GLP-1 receptor agonist does not seem to impact the counter-regulatory hormonal and metabolic responses in post-GBP subjects during hypoglycemic conditions, suggesting that the improvement in symptomatic hypoglycemia post-GBP seen following treatment with GLP-1 receptor agonists may be mediated by mechanism not directly involved in counter-regulation.