bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prediction Accuracy of Total Keratometry Compared to Standard Keratometry Using Different Intraocular Lens Power Formulas
Authors: Fabian Ekkehard , Wehner Wolfram 
Published: June 2019

PURPOSE:
To compare the accuracy of intraocular lens (IOL) power calculation based on standard keratometry (K) and the new Total Keratometry (TK).

METHODS:
A post-hoc analysis of study data based on 145 pseudophakic astigmatic eyes was conducted. The absolute prediction error (APE) of spherical equivalent (SE) and cylinder (CYL) was calculated based on K and TK (including posterior corneal surface) data recorded 6 weeks after IOL implantation. APE was calculated as the difference between the postoperative refraction and the refractive error predicted by three classic IOL calculation methods (Haigis/Haigis-T, Barrett Universal II, Barrett Toric Calculator) and two new formulas developed for TK (Barrett TK Universal II, Barrett TK Toric). For APE in SE, the Haigis-T (K versus TK) and Barrett Universal II (K) versus Barrett TK Universal II (TK) were compared. For APE in CYL, the Haigis-T (K versus TK) and Barrett Toric Calculator (K) versus Barrett TK Toric formula (TK) were compared.

RESULTS:
Mean APE in SE and CYL was lower based on TK values compared to K, with a mean APE difference (K − TK) of 0.011 ± 0.107 diopters (D) (SE Haigis-T; 95% confidence interval [CI]: −0.004 to infinity), 0.016 ± 0.113 D (SE: Barrett Universal II versus Barrett TK Universal II; 95% CI: 0.0005 to infinity), 0.103 ± 0.173 D (CYL: Haigis-T; 95% CI: 0.0791 to infinity), and 0.020 ± 0.148 D (CYL: Barrett Toric versus Barrett TK Toric; 95% CI: −0.0002 to infinity). APE in SE was within ±0.50 D in 86% (Barrett TK Universal II) versus 84% (Barrett Universal II) of eyes. APE in CYL was within ±0.50 D in 58% (Haigis from TK) versus 44% (Haigis from K) of eyes.

CONCLUSIONS:
In comparison to standard K, a higher prediction accuracy can be expected by using TK values along with the two newly developed formulas. TK values are compatible with standard IOL power calculation formulas and existing optimized IOL constants.

[
J Refract Surg.
2019;35(6):362–368.]
Therapeutic nanoproducts: from biology to innovative technology
Authors: Stefania Meschini, Michele Caraglia Scientific Coordinators: 
Published: June 2019

Proceedings of the Conference Therapeutic nanoproducts: from biology to innovative technology - Rome, 19-20 June 2019

Co-Organized by Istituto Superiore di Sanità (ISS) and Associazione Italiana di Colture Cellulari (AICC)
Endoscopic Biliary Stenting for Portal Biliopathy Perforating Paracholedochal Collateral: A Rare Complication
Authors: Goyal Kartik , Hussain Sabir , Garg Pawan Kumar , Bhargava Narender , Varshney Vaibhav Kumar 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTExtrahepatic portal venous obstruction (EHPVO) usually presents with upper gastrointestinal bleed in the first decade. Symptomatic portal hypertensive biliopathy is seen in minority of patients with EHPVO. With the use of endoscopic intervention, biliary drainage is maintained in these patients. Various procedural complications have been linked while performing endoscopic retrograde cholangiography and stenting; however, these are managed conservatively. Here, we are highlighting a case of EHPVO with symptomatic portal biliopathy who bled from paracholedochal collateral after biliary stenting and managed successfully with multidisciplinary approach.
Duplex-guided infra-popliteal balloon angioplasty in critical limb ischemia
Authors: Abdel Wahab Maisa A. , Saleh Ola I. , Elshahat Randa S. 
Published: June 2019

Background
Angioplasty carries lower morbidity and mortality in comparison with surgery and would be considered as the treatment of choice in majority of patients with critical limb ischemia,. Endovascular procedures conventionally employ ionic contrast agent and radiation.

Aim of the work
We aim to evaluate infra-popliteal balloon angioplasty in critical limb ischemia under duplex ultrasound (U/S) guidance to avoid the potential side effects of ionic contrast agent and radiation.

Patients and methods
A prospective study on 28 patients with infra-popliteal steno-occlusive disease was admitted to our Vascular Department during a period from July 2016 to June 2018. Duplex guidance was used for patients with stenotic and occlusive lesions to perform balloon dilation. Seven patients presented with diagnostic computed tomography angiography preprocedure in the outpatient clinic and confirm the diagnosis with duplex U/S study and the rest of the patients was diagnosed by duplex U/S to avoid the hazards of angiography and then follow-up scanning by duplex U/S were done after 1 week, 1 month, and 6 months.

Results
The early technical success rate was 92.9%. Primary patency rate was 92.9, 85.7, and 78.6% after 1 week, 1 month, and 6 months, respectively. Immediate clinical success to all patients with rest pain (100%) and there was clinical improvement in wound healing after 1 month and 6 months (91.7%).

Conclusion
Angioplasty of infra-popliteal arterial occlusive disease under Duplex guidance should be more harmless than using fluoroscopy and effective procedure with accepted results.
Airway management in morbidly obese adolescents
Authors: Sabra Mostafa M. 
Published: June 2019

Background and aim
Pediatric patients presenting to bariatric surgery is increasing in percentage in the last years and has become a fast growing epidemic problem. The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of Bonfils fiberscope (BF-L) and fiberoptic bronchoscope (FO-L), assisted by direct laryngoscopy for intubation in morbidly obese adolescents with predicted easy intubation using the El-Ganzouri risk index score.

Patients and methods
Thirty adolescent American Society of Anesthesiologist II–III patients, aged 12–19 years, scheduled for laparoscopic bariatric surgery were randomized into two equal groups for intubation, with assistance of regular Mackintosh laryngoscope in both groups, either group BF-L and group FO-L. The standard protocol for general anesthesia was used for both groups. The primary outcome measure was the visualization quality using the percentage of glottis opening score. The secondary outcome measures were: duration of intubation and number of intubation attempts.

Results
Percentage of glottis opening scores were significantly better in group BF-L, when compared with group FO-L (93±6.44%/83±8%, respectively, P=0.002). The intubation success rate was 100% in both groups, and the mean intubation time was significantly longer (16±4.67 s) in group FO-L compared with 11±3.50 s in group BF-L (P=0.02). As regards the number of attempts, all patients were successfully intubated on the first attempt in group BF-L, while intubation was successful in 14 patients in group FO-L and one patient on the second attempt, which was statistically insignificant (P<0.05).

Conclusion
Orotracheal intubation was performed more rapidly and easily with BF-L and FO-L, with superiority of BF-L than FO-L in patients with predicted easy intubation using the El-Ganzouri risk index score
Prolotherapy for knee osteoarthritis
Authors: El-Dosoky Hesham , El Zokm Saad M. , Abd El-Hamid El Sayed , State Yousra Abo 
Published: June 2019

Background and aim
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common type of chronic arthritis and represents a major cause of pain and disability. Prolotherapy is an injection of hypertonic dextrose used for painful chronic musculoskeletal pain conditions, including knee OA.

Patients and methods
This study was done to evaluate the effect of prolotherapy in treatment of knee OA. It was carried out on 200 patients with mild to moderate knee OA. The patients were classified into two groups: group 1 (100 patients) was treated by prolotherapy at 1, 5, and 9 weeks with re-evaluation after 6 months, and group 2 (100 patients) was treated by NSAIDS and physiotherapy for 6 months and served as a control group.

Results
The 6-month post-treatment visual analog scale and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index showed significant difference in pain, stiffness, and functional disability (P=0.001 and 0.043; 0.032 and 0.027; and 0.007 and 0.015, respectively) in both groups when compared with the baseline. However, on comparing both groups after treatment, we noticed significant difference in pain and disability favoring group 1 (P=0.031 and 0.048, respectively), whereas stiffness did not show significant difference between them (P=0.83). By knee ultrasound, degree of synovitis showed significant difference in groups 1 and 2 when compared with the baseline (P=0.004 and 0.007, respectively), but other parameters showed no significant differences. However, when comparing both groups after treatment, we noticed significant difference in cartilage thickness favoring group 1 (P=0.01), whereas other parameters did not show significant difference between them, although the degree, signs, and symptoms of knee effusion were improved in favor of prolotherapy group.

Conclusion
Prolotherapy is a promising line for treatment of knee OA. Prolotherapy reduces pain and improves the functional status in patients with knee OA.
Comparative study the levels of plasma transforming growth factor-β1, serum crp, fecal lactoferrin, and fecal calprotectin as biomarkers for disease activity in Egyptian patients with ulcerative colitis
Authors: Kassem Arafat , Shabana Hosam A.S. , Aboelenin Mabrouk M. 
Published: June 2019

Aim
This study aimed to analyze the utility of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), C-reactive protein (CRP), fecal lactoferrin (LF), fecal calprotectin, and the Mayo score for severity of ulcerative colitis (UC) in monitoring disease activity in Egyptian patients with UC.

Patients and methods
This study was carried out on 130 patients with UC and scored according to the Mayo score for severity of UC. Patients and controls were exposed to fecal and blood samples to assess TGF-β1, CRP, fecal LF, and fecal calprotectin.

Results
The values of TGF-β1, CRP, fecal LF, and fecal calprotectin in UC patients (n=130) compared with controls (n=30) were as follows: TGF-β1: 489.32±315.68 versus 5.93±1.81 pg/ml, CRP: 15.97±9.13 versus 3.17±0.95 mg/l, fecal LF: 497.06±448.95 versus 7.01±4.00 μg/g, fecal calprotectin: 809.70±554.36 versus 36.33±15.51 µg/g (for all P<0.001). The parameters of Mayo Score that determine the severity of ulcerative colitis correlated significantly with TGF-β1 (Spearman's rank correlation coefficient r=0.925), CRP (r=0.957), LF (r=0.932), and calprotectin (r=0.953). TGF-β1, CRP, fecal LF, and calprotectin levels were significantly lower in UC patients with inactive disease (TGF-β1: 46.4±37.1 pg/ml; CRP: 4.8±1.3; LF: 28.6±28.3 μg/g; calprotectin: 71.7±24.2 µg/g; P<0.001 for both LF and calprotectin, but P>0.05 for both TGF-β1, and CRP) compared with patients with mild (TGF-β1: 343.4±110.7 pg/ml; CRP: 9.8±2.1; LF: 177.8±66.8 μg/g; calprotectin: 459.0±206.7 µg/g; P<0.001), moderate (TGF-β1: 640.6±141.0 pg/ml; CRP: 18.6±3.5; LF: 561.0±181.9 μg/g; calprotectin: 1080.8±224.1 µg/g; P<0.001), and high active disease (TGF-β1: 814.5±132.9 pg/ml; CRP: 27.1±3.0; LF: 1048.3±296.8 μg/g; and calprotectin: 1421.7±95.5 µg/g; P<0.001). The overall accuracy for the detection of histopathologic active disease was 87.7% for TGF-β1, 89.2% for the Mayo score for severity of UC, 84.6% for CRP, 90% for fecal LF, and 91.5 for fecal calprotectin.

Conclusion
Fecal LF, fecal calprotectin and TGF-β1, and CRP correlated significantly with the Mayo score for UC and histopathology. Furthermore, calprotectin and LF are appropriate markers that can distinguish endoscopic and histopathologic inactive from active disease. Also, TGF-β1 and CRP were used as suitable markers to differentiate mild from moderate and the moderate from high active disease. Thus, these four biomarkers may be used for surveillance of UC activity.
Inadequate serum hepcidin levels in chronic hepatitis C infection-induced type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Ali Samia T. , Mohamed Nagwa A. 
Published: June 2019

Background
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major cause of chronic liver disease worldwide. In addition to established liver injury, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the most important extrahepatic metabolic disorders that are attributed to HCV infection.

Aim
The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of HCV infection in the development of T2DM through the assessment of serum hepcidin levels.

Patients and methods
The study included 60 Egyptian patients with chronic HCV infection who were divided according to the presence and absence of diabetes into two groups: 30 HCV-positive patients who developed diabetes mellitus during the course of HCV infection (HCV-T2DM patients) and 30 HCV-positive patients without T2DM (HCV patients) and 20 healthy individuals as a control group (age and sex matched). They were subjected to a full assessment of medical history, clinical examination, abdominal ultrasound, and laboratory investigations including complete blood count, liver function tests, fasting blood sugar (FBS), glycosylated hemoglobin, fasting insulin, serum hepcidin, serum ferritin, serum iron, and transferrin saturation. Serum hepcidin, ferritin, and insulin were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Results
We found that serum hepcidin was statistically significantly lower in HCV patients than in controls (P<0.0001). Also, serum hepcidin in HCV-T2DM patients was statistically significantly lower than that in HCV-positive patients (P<0.05). Serum ferritin was statistically significantly higher in HCV-positive patients than in controls (P<0.0001). Also, serum ferritin was statistically significantly higher in HCV-T2DM patients than in HCV patients (P<0.0001). Serum iron and serum transferrin saturation were statistically significantly higher in HCV-T2DM patients than HCV-positive patients (P<0.0001 and <0.0001, respectively). There was a statistically significant increase in fasting blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, and fasting insulin in HCV-T2DM patients compared with HCV nondiabetic patients (P<0.0001 for all). Also, we found that the serum albumin was statistically significantly lower in HCV-T2DM patients compared with HCV-positive patients (P<0.0001).

Conclusion
HCV infection is associated with a decreased level of hepcidin in relation to body iron store, which plays a crucial role in the development of T2DM in chronic HCV infection patients.
Effect of thymoquinone on the structure of the cerebral cortex of adult male albino rats treated with tramadol
Authors: Mahmoud Eman S. , Al-Shahed Fatma Al-Zahraa N. , Ouda Enas A. , Al Anany Mona G. 
Published: June 2019

Background
Pain-associated depression is a symptom of many diseases such as cancer, and postoperative and myocardial infarction. Tramadol (TRM) is a centrally acting synthetic opioid, similar to an analgesic, used worldwide to treat severe pain with an anti-depressant-like effect. TRM is more popular abused among adults in most countries to relive pain and increase sexual activities. Thymoquinone (TQ), a volatile oil, is one of the main constituents of Nigella sativa seeds. It has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticonvulsant, antitussive, and anti-tumor effects.

The aim of work
The present study was designed to evaluate the effects of TRM on the structure of cerebral cortex of the adult male albino rats and the possible impact of using TQ to improve these changes and to test the analgesic, anti-depressant, and antioxidant effects of TRM and/or TQ.

Materials and methods
Forty-eight male albino rats weighting 180–200 g were used in the present study. The rats were divided into four groups: control group (GI): 12 rats received food and water. TQ group (GII): 12 rats received an oral dose of TQ (20 mg/kg) for 4 weeks. TRM group (GIII): 12 rats received an oral dose of TRM HCl (50 mg/kg) for 4 weeks. Combined group (GIV): 12 rats received both TRM (50 mg/kg) and TQ (20 mg/kg) for 4 weeks.

Results
TQ supplementation significantly increased the analgesic effect of TRM after acute and chronic treatment by the thermal and chemical methods and attenuated the development of tolerance. TQ also significantly improved the anti-depressant effect of TRM. Furthermore, TQ significantly increased the suppressed levels of glutathione content and activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase induced by TRM. It also significantly reduced the elevated levels of malondialdehyde and nitric oxide caused by TRM. Histological examination of TRM-treated cerebral cortex showed distortion of its layers, increased vascularity, and cellularity, with a significantly increased number of apoptotic cells. TRM also induced a significant increase in the mean area percentage of both apoptotic index and the optical density of BAX immune-stain compared with the control group. These changes were improved in TQ-treated rats.

Conclusion
TQ supplementation improved the analgesic, anti-depressant effects of TRM, with an improvement in the cerebral cortex structure and antioxidant markers and amelioration of oxidative stress markers. Furthermore, it attenuated TRM tolerance and neurotoxic effects.
The cup/disc ratio, retinal nerve layer, and macular thickness in children with B-thalassemia major
Authors: El Sehmawy Asmaa Abd El Wakeel Ibrahim , El-Haddad Nermien 
Published: June 2019

Purpose
We aimed to measure cup/disc ratio (C/D), peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (P-RNFL) thickness, and central macular thickness (CMT) in children with thalassemia major and healthy children as a control group.

Patients and methods
A total of 25 children with thalassemia major were selected from the pediatric outpatient clinics and were compared with 25 apparent healthy children serving as a control group. Complete eye examination was conducted, and intraocular pressure measurements were obtained; after that optical coherence tomography with the NIDEK RS-3000 retinal scan was performed to obtain C/D ratio, P-RNFL, and CMT.

Results
CMT (total, superior, and inferior) and P-RNFL (total, superior, inferior, nasal, and temporal) were thinner in children with thalassemia, with P value = 0.000. C/D ratios (vertical and horizontal) were larger in children with thalassemia compared with their healthy controls (P=0.000). Negative correlations of the serum ferritin level with CMT (superior and inferior) and P-RNFL in all quadrants of the left eye. A positive correlation of the serum ferritin level with C/D (horizontal and vertical) of the left eye was found.

Conclusion
Children with thalassemia major have thinner P-RNFL in all quadrants and CMT and large C/D ratio.
Role of gabapentin in controlled hypotension for nasal surgeries
Authors: Shaban Amira A.E. , Mohammed Hanaa F. , El Zaher Amany A.A. 
Published: June 2019

Background
Providing bleeding control is critically important when microsurgical techniques are used. A mild bleeding can complicate the working in surgical field in nasal surgery so, a bloodless surgical field should be provided. For that purpose, the anesthesiologists should use controlled hypotension anesthetic technique. The aim of this study was to investigate the hypotensive and analgesic effects of gabapentin if combined with nitroglycerin infusion for conduction of hypotensive anesthesia in nasal surgeries.

Patients and methods
The present study was carried out at El-Zahraa hospital, Al Azhar University on 40 patients ASA I and II were randomly assigned into two equal groups (n=20). Gabapentin nitroglycerin (GN) group: patients received 1200 mg gabapentin orally 2 h preoperatively. Nitroglycerin placebo group (N): patients received placebo tablet orally 2 h preoperatively. Intravenous nitroglycerin infusion started and titrated for all 40 patients according to the target hypotensive condition (mean arterial pressure range between 55–65 mmHg and heart rate between 60–75 b/min). Intraoperative hemodynamic changes in the form of heart rate (HR) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were recorded; the total nitroglycerin dose required was recorded; blood loss and quality of surgical field were assessed. Also, visual analog scale (VAS) for pain assessment and total amount of morphine used within 12 postoperative hours were detected for each group.

Results
The results showed that the heart rate and the mean arterial pressure were significantly lower in the GN group compared to N group. The total dose of intraoperative nitroglycerin was significantly lower in the GN group compared to N group. GN group provides the lower amount of blood loss and better surgical field exposure compared to N group. The visual analog scale (VAS) values was significantly lower at 30 min and 4 h post-operative while non-significant difference at 1 and 6 h postoperative in the GN group compared with N group. There was a significantly lower in the total morphine consumption for GN group compared to N group.

Conclusion
Preoperative oral gabapentin (1200 mg) augments the hypotensive effect of nitroglycerin as it provides dryness of surgical field associated with lower infusion rate of nitroglycerin. Also, it has better analgesic effect with lower narcotic consumption during controlled hypotensive anesthesia for nasal surgeries when compared to the administration of nitroglycerin alone.
Psicólogo na Assistência Social: O lugar do homem e diálogos epistemológicos feministas na prática profissional
Authors: Cardoso David Tiago , Beiras Adriano 
Published: June 2019

Traduzir a experiência de corpos cisnormativos masculinos, categorizados como homens, na participação de lugares reconhecidos como femininos, Política Pública de Assistência Social, e feministas, Teorias Feministas Pós-estruturalistas, é o objetivo que nos propomos alcançar. Partimos da compreensão de que a experiência, história encenada pela linguagem, produz o sujeito e não algo que o sujeito tenha como propriedade ou que seja anterior a ele. Assim, relatamos nossos percursos nas teorias feministas e a contribuição destas na construção de nossas práticas no Sistema Único de Assistência Social, por meio de três perguntas: Quem somos? De onde víemos? Para onde vamos? Com elas, concluímos que, justamente por sermos homens, precisamos denunciar os privilégios para construir pontes para mudanças e não abismos para a manutenção, rompendo com a generalização da categoria homem, explicitando que estamos em um lugar de homem generificado, produzido pelas normas de gênero, mas que buscamos a desestabilização deste lugar.
Bridging the Gap between the Research Ethics Board and the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning
Authors: Schnurr Matthew A. , Taylor Alanna 
Published: June 2019

In 2016, Dalhousie University’s Research Ethics Board created an interdisciplinary working group to identify the key ethical challenges of SoTL research, with the overarching aim of recommending best practices and communicating these to researchers in order to support and expand the conduct of ethically sound SoTL research. This essay reflects on the lessons learned through this process and shines a light on the three most contentious arenas that emerged: using class time to conduct SoTL research, integrating Students Ratings of Instruction (SRI) into SoTL, and incorporating student work as a data source.
This essay contributes to the emerging conversation around ethical SoTL research in two important ways. First, we argue for more lenient REB protocols that encourage SoTL research by exposing how restrictive interpretations of key issues serve as obstacles for student-centered research. Second, we introduce new tools designed to address these impediments, including the first-ever interactive user guide. The overarching aims of this essay are (a) to help SoTL researchers navigate this complex terrain, and (b) to encourage other Canadian REBs to consider implementing more permissive regimes.