bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ethanol extract of Daucus carota seeds exhibits stomach toxicity and disrupts multiple physiological processes in Spodoptera litura
Authors: Cong Shengbo , Xu Min , Wang Ling , Xu Dong , Wan Peng , Yin Haichen 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Spodoptera litura Fabricius is a notorious agricultural pest worldwide. Currently, the use of insecticides is an important and effective approach for managing S. litura, however, it has developed resistance to multiple insecticides. Therefore, exploring and identifying novel, efficient, and environmentally safe natural bioactive substances is highly important for controlling this pest. In this paper, the stomach toxicity and growth inhibitory effects of an ethanol extract from Daucus carota seeds were studied. The main components of the extract were identified, and their mechanisms of action were explored through RNA-seq analysis and qPCR techniques. The results showed that the LC50 of the extract was 3.5 mg/mL. The larval survival rate, pupation rate, pupal and larval weight, female adult longevity and hatching rate were significantly reduced, and the larval stage was significantly prolonged when the larvae were fed artificial diets supplemented with extracts at the concentrations of LC15, LC20, and LC50. A total of 1305 compounds were detected in the extract by GC‒MS. Phenyl isothiocyanate and 2,6-dimethylaniline showed the highest stomach toxicity among the 12 compounds with the highest contents in the extracts, with adjusted mortality rates of 100% and 94.87 ± 2.96%, respectively, at 1 mg/mL. The LC50 values of phenyl isothiocyanate and 2,6-dimethylaniline were 0.60 mg/mL and 2.13 mg/mL, respectively. KEGG analysis and real time PCR revealed that treatment with both components (phenyl isothiocyanate and 2,6-dimethylaniline) affected mainly the cytochrome P450 pathway, glutathione metabolism pathway, xenobiotic metabolism pathway, hormone biosynthesis pathway, and fatty acid metabolism pathway. Our study provides a foundation for the development of novel, efficient, and environmentally safe natural bioactive compounds to control S. litura.
Integrative Analysis of Flavonoid Pathways in Rice: Enhancing Heat Tolerance
Authors: Wu Xiaojie , Yang Lingfang , Han Jinbo , Liu Hanqing , Chen Gaokun , Wang Haoyuan , Feng Xingru , Zhang Wan , Liu Kangping , Zhang Zemin 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Plants tend to produce special metabolites to resist biotic or abiotic invasions, in which flavonoid-mediated defense responses play an important role.
Result
In our previous work, the rel1-D mutant was obtained by T-DNA insertion. Nearly all ZH11 died after 42 ℃ treatment, while nearly half of the mutants survived. By transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis of leaves, 1184 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 126 differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) were identified, most of these DEGs and DAMs were enriched in biosynthesis-related pathways such as the L-Phenylalanine pathway, flavonoid biosynthesis pathway and phenol pathway. Furthermore, a correlation network involved phenotypic traits was constructed based on the genes and metabolites.
Conclusion
Potential genes regulated by REL1 and flavonoid metabolites were identified. REL1 may affect the accumulation of flavonoid metabolites by regulating the expression of key genes in flavonoid biosynthesis pathway to influence the heat tolerance of rice.
A UI Image Captioning Method Based on Fourier Neural Operators and Multi-Branch Feature Fusion
Authors: Ouyang Ning , Dong Wenfeng , Lin Leping , Mo Jianwen 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Mobile UI captioning is a complex task that generates concise natural language descriptions toconvey essential content and functionality of a screen, playing a pivotal role in language-basedhuman-computer interaction. However, conventional image feature extraction networks often overlooksemantic relationshins between different regions of the screen, as well as the fine-grained details ofimportant regions, leading to suboptimal description quality. 'To address these challenges, this paperproposes a feature-enhanced image encoding network for UI image captioning. The model leveragesthe concept of Fourier neural operators to perform computations in the frequency domain, facilitatinginformation interaction and enabling the capture of richer global semantic information. Additionallyan attention mechanism is introduced to enhance the extraction of local fne-grained features. Trainedand tested on the Screen2Words dataset, experimental results demonstrate that the proposed modelsignifcantly improves the generation of captions for UI images.
Personalized Travel Recommendations System Using Hybrid Filtering and Deep Learning
Authors: Karthiyayini J. , Anandhi R J 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Personalized recommendations are provided by recommender systems, which help users cope with the issue of information overload. The primary objective of this research paper is to address the issue of information overload by offering personalized tourism recommendations to users. The study proposes using multi-criteria recommendation algorithms that consider many attributes rather than depending exclusively on overall user ratings, as is common in traditional recommender systems. The fundamental concept of this strategy relies on a hybrid filtering technique. In addition, the system employs a bi-directional autoencoder (BDA) model to personalize recommendations based on various visitor profiles. The proposed methodology has evaluated various real-world data obtained from several travel websites. The experimental evaluations have demonstrated its outstanding efficacy in enhancing prediction accuracy when compared to existing algorithms. The proposed approach not only addresses the challenges associated with vast and diverse data but also offers personalized travel plans according to the unique preferences of each visitor, thus enhancing the user experience in tourist recommendation systems.
Climate Change and Conservation Strategies for the Anhui Musk Deer: Habitat Suitability and Climate Refuges in the Dabie Mountains
Authors: Pang Dapeng , Wan Yaqiong , Chen Yunfeng , Li Yidi , Wang Lanrong , Chen Guotao , Pu Faguang , Ding Jun , Li Jiaqi , Dai Qiang , Zhang Baowei 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Context
Over the past several centuries, musk deer have faced severe population decline pressures due to poaching and habitat loss. With the intensification of climate change and human disturbance, the Anhui musk deer (AMD), which is restricted to the densely populated Eastern China region, faces an extremely high risk of extinction. Since the beginning of the century, researchers have been collecting presence data on the AM and developing habitat conservation plans, which may provide insights into the conservation of endangered species facing high levels of human disturbance.
Objectives
This study aims to evaluate the vulnerability of AMD habitats to climate change from the present to the 2090s, determine climate refugia that could support the AMD population amidst climatic shifts, and identify corridors that would enable individual movement among habitat patches in the context of climate change.
Methods
We collected occurrence locations (N = 101) of AMD by large-scale infrared camera monitoring data from 2013–2023, we used MaxEnt to predict suitable habitat and assess the potential impacts of climate change on the habitat. We then identified the potential ecological corridors between core habitat patches through connectivity analysis.
Results
The AMD is highly sensitive to temperature and human disturbance. The current suitable habitat, covering 1,188.90 km2, is mainly located within Anhui Province, with a high degree of suitable habitat fragmentation. Future projections suggest a continuous decline in suitable habitat, with areas decreasing to 1,052.45 km2 by the 2050s, 841.82 km2 by the 2070s, and 798.35 km2 by the 2090s. Currently, nature reserves cover only 38.52% of the existing suitable habitat, while identified climate refuges for the AMD span 586.24 km2, of which 44.38% remain unprotected. Moreover, we have identified 14 potential ecological corridors, which connect isolated populations with core populations should be prioritized for construction in response to climate change to protect the AMD population from its adverse effects.
Conclusions
Our findings show that habitat area of AMD will continue to decline under future climate conditions, and current conservation efforts are insufficient. The remaining AMD populations in the Dabie Mountains should be considered as regional populations and managed meticulously to ensure their long-term survival under conditions of human disturbance and climate warming.
Biomechanical determinants of high ball speed during instep soccer kick by prepubescent male athletes: The importance of muscle elasticity
Authors: Deniz Volkan , Kilci Abdullah 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background This study aimed to investigate the effects of kinetic–kinematic parameters and muscle viscoelastic properties on high ball speed during instep soccer kick by prepubescent male athletes.Methods This study included 34 male soccer players with an average age of 11.2 ± 0.5 years. Maximal ball speed during the instep kick was measured using a radar gun. The activation of the rectus abdominis (RA) and rectus femoris (RF), as well as the thigh's three-dimensional rotational velocity and acceleration, were evaluated using surface electromyography and an inertial measurement unit. Mechanical properties such as tone, elasticity, and stiffness of the superficial abdomen and leg muscles were measured at rest using myotonometry.Results Significant positive correlations existed between maximum ball speed and RA–RF activation (r = 0.505 and 0.575), maximum thigh velocity in the sagittal plane (r = 0.599), and maximum thigh acceleration in the sagittal (r = 0.423) and horizontal (r = 0.387) planes (power > 0.95; p < 0.05 for all). Significant negative correlations were found between the maximum ball speed and the hamstring medialis (HM) and gastrocnemius medialis (GM) elasticity (r=-0.592 and − 0.771; power > 0.95; p < 0.05 for all). The multiple linear regression analysis demonstrated that important factors for maximum ball velocity were HM (B = 0.432) and GM (B = 0.771) elasticity (adjusted R2 = 0.60, delta R2 = 0.40).Conclusions GM and HM elasticity were the prominent factors affecting ball speed during instep kick. To increase ball speed during instep kick, training methods that focus on improving the elasticity of the GM and HL muscles, as well as activating the core and RF, should be prioritized for prepubescent male soccer players.Trial registration: Not applicable
Lipopeptide iturin C 3 biosurfactant produced by endophytic Bacillus sp. LLB-04 effectively controls the colonization of topical and food-borne pathogens in vitro and on biomedical devices
Authors: Adhikary Rajsekhar , Maiti Pulak Kumar , Ghosh Narendranath , Rajbangshi Biplab , Roy Mahendra Nath , Mandal Sukhendu , Mandal Vivekananda 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The present study elucidates the structure and antimicrobial efficacy of a derivative of iturin biosurfactant (BS) produced by the endophytic bacterium Bacillus sp. LLB-04 (GenBank Ac No.: MF037706). The biosurfactant was produced in a static batch culture of 120 hours in an NB medium and was extracted by a series of solvent systems. The BS was purified by solvent fractionation and preparative HPLC method and characterized through GC-MS, ESI-MS, LC-MS qTOF and 1H NMR analysis. Its antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity was tested against topical and food-borne pathogens age-dependently. Furthermore, the cellular aggregation and bacterial cell adhesion on polystyrene and urethral catheters were checked at the BIC concentration. The cell line toxicity was tested against the human alveolar epithelial cancer cell line, and the in silico mode of action was studied using standard methods. The BS was harvested from 96 hr culture using a methanol-ethanol solvent. The spectroscopic studies revealed that Bacillus sp. LLB-04 produced the BS as iturin C3. The BS has broad-spectrum antimicrobial with MIC values ranging from 0.1 to 1.6 mg/ml and an average BIC of 0.8 mg/ml in 18 hrs old cells. It could also destabilize 40–48 hrs old preformed biofilm and had a synergistic response with conventional antibiotics. It had antiproliferative activity (0.1 to 0.8 mg/ml) on cancer cell lines. In-silico protein-ligand interactions predicted that it could interact with different membrane proteins of topical and food-borne pathogens. Thus, the study revealed for the first time that the endophytic Bacillus sp. could be exploited for large-scale production of potent lipopeptide BS iturin C3 that could be used in combating topical and food-borne pathogens.
Untangling the Mitochondrial Web: An In-Silico Analysis of Genetic Mutations, Protein Interactions, and tRNA Dynamics in Oxidative Phosphorylation and Disc Degeneration
Authors: Collins Megan , Pearce Brendon 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Mitochondrial dysfunction and impaired oxidative phosphorylation play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of various non-communicable and degenerative diseases. Research indicates that these abnormalities are contributed to by the genetic interindividual variability in system-wide metabolic dysfunction. The objective of this article was, thus, to generate a biochemical pipeline for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNVs) associated with general mitochondrial dysfunction for use in studies researching intervertebral disc degeneration. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA) method was used to find articles and to extract SNV information. Proteins were modelled using AlphaFold Colab (Jumper et al., 2021) and tRNA structures were determined using RNAFold (Gruber et al., 2008). Manual tRNA coding domain sequences (CDS) were also generated using the NCBI and Ensembl to determine the proximity of the mutation to the tRNAs anticodon. A total of 56 SNPs were extracted of which mutations located in protein-coding genes were modelled using AlphaFold Colab (Jumper et al., 2021) and mutations located in the exon regions of tRNA genes were modelled using RNAFold (Gruber et al., 2008). Data on structural and spatial changes for proteins were gathered along with structural and thermodynamic changes for tRNA molecules. From the data gathered, it is evident that in-silico investigation of the identified mutations, regarding their effect on proteins and tRNAs, is important for consideration in the potential development of genotyping assays and drug development. This study has shown the development of a biochemical pipeline that will allow for the assessment of mutations in pharmacogenomics studies.
Heterotrophy in parental coral colonies enhances larval survival independently of heat stress
Authors: Viladrich Núria , Roca Adrià , Gori Andrea , Baena Patricia , Linares Cristina 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Under the ongoing global change, a sustained reliance of symbiotic coral species on heterotrophy may support their resistance to climatic stressors. However, much remains unknown about the role of heterotrophy on coral reproduction, despite its key role in the persistence of coral populations and connectivity. In this study, we experimentally investigated how heterotrophic feeding of parental colonies of a symbiotic gorgonian may affect the larval release and their survival and settlement rates under both optimal and heat stress temperatures. A one-week delay in larval release in absence of heterotrophic inputs highlights its significant contribution to the gametogenesis. Moreover, heterotrophy also plays a crucial role in sustaining larval survival, as low-quality or smaller eggs produced in absence of heterotrophic inputs lead to significantly higher mortality of the resulting larvae, independently to their exposure to natural or warming temperatures. Overall, this study contributes to increase our understanding of the broader consequences of global change on coral populations under the globally forecasted reduction of primary production and zooplankton abundance.
An Integrated Approach on the Neuroprotective Effects of Ghrelin by Dietary Restriction: From AlphaFold Prediction, Molecular Simulation, to 6-OHDA Induced semi-Parkinson's Disease Model
Authors: Shen Zi-Han , Ye Jia-Xin , Lin Shuang , Li Zixing , Yan Xiongyao , Chen Ting-Hsu , Wan Congchao , Ye Tongjie , Fu Yaw-Syan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons, leading to motor dysfunction. This study explores the therapeutic potential of ghrelin in a 6-OHDA rat model of PD, investigating its neuroprotective effects through in vivo experiments, molecular docking, and AlphaFold predictions. We conducted fasting experiments that demonstrated dietary restriction significantly elevated plasma ghrelin levels, which correlated with reduced motor deficits in PD rats. Network pharmacology identified 21 potential targets of ghrelin, revealing mechanisms such as anti-inflammation and neuroprotection. Molecular docking analysis indicated that ghrelin could bind to key proteins, including caspase-3 and IL-6, at their active sites, facilitating further exploration of its interactions through molecular dynamics simulations. These simulations confirmed the stability of ghrelin-target complexes over 100 ns, suggesting that ghrelin influences the activity of important molecular targets related to PD. The predictive analysis using AlphaFold supported the formation of critical chemical interactions between ghrelin and targets involved in neuroprotection. Our findings suggest that ghrelin not only holds promise as a therapeutic agent in PD but also enhances understanding of its underlying molecular mechanisms.
Enhancing Manufacturing Efficiency: A New Robotic Arm Design for Injection Molding with Improved Adaptability and Precision
Authors: MERVEILLE FOMEKONG FOMEKONG RACHEL , jile HuGe , Fred Bissih 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

This study presents a state-of-the-art robotic arm system developed to improve the selection and packaging procedures in assembly lines for injection moulding machines. The system tackles significant industrial difficulties, including labour intensity and high error rates, by integrating a six-degree-of-freedom robotic arm outfitted with versatile end effectors. An outstanding feature of this design is the humanoid hand, which has been carefully constructed to be easily replaced with a vacuum, pince or other specific tools, depending on the needs of the task. The robotic system was created with AutoCAD, Fusion 360, and SolidWorks, guaranteeing accuracy and flexibility. This adaptability enables various uses, greatly enhancing operational effectiveness and product excellence while minimizing the need for manual work. The findings illustrate the capacity of this robotic system to be deployed in many production industries, emphasizing its flexibility and expandability.
Genome-wide identification, characterization and functional prediction of the Dof gene family in sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)
Authors: Hasan Md Nahid , Afrin Khandker Shazia , Susmi Farjana Afroz , Simi Tasmina Islam , Rahim Md Abdur 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The DNA binding with one ‘Zn2+’ finger (Dof) is the plant-specific TF family that includes a highly conserved Dof domain. It plays a vital role in plant growth and development, and environmental stimuli. The Dof gene family is well characterized in many plants, including Arabidopsis, but has not yet been studied in sesame. In the present study, we reported for the first-time genome-wide identification of the Dof gene family in sesame, resulting in 32 SiDof genes which are located across 12 linkage groups (LGs). The SiDofgenes comprised one to five exons and zero to four introns which is comparable with Dof genes in other species. Of 32 SiDof genes, about 71.88% genes were intronless. The SiDof genes were classified into six groups and exhibited evolutionary relationships with other species. Group III contained the highest number of SiDof genes (seven) while the lowest number in group V (three). There was a robust protein-protein interaction between NAC071 and two Dof proteins namely DOF5.3 and DOFF5.6. A total of 1668 ‘cis-regulatory’ elements were detected in the promoter region of 32 SiDof genes. Among these, 733 were linked to the stress responses, 562 to the light responses, and 373 to the phytohormone response. The accessible transcriptome (‘RNA-seq’) data-based expression profiles shown that SiDof gens might be associated with various abiotic stresses, including drought and salinity in sesame. Nonetheless, further investigation on functionality analysis of candidate SiDof genesis required.
БИОГРАФИЯ КАК ИСКОМОЕ: СЛУЧАЙ Г. С. БАТЕНЬКОВА
Authors:  Д.  Долгушин 
Published: November 2024

В статье рассматриваются проблемы изучения биографии Г.С. Батенькова. Под биографией понимается концепция, структурирующая опыт на основе «авторегулятивных конструкций», «жизненных гештальтов». В роли таких «гештальтов» у Батенькова выступали то сентименталистcкий код «милого вместе», то код кантианской философии, то «наполеоновский» код, то романтический код «узника», то код поэтической теургии и пророческого учительства, но ни одна из этих биографических стратегий не стала для Батенькова окончательной. Развитие каждой прервалось сокрушительной внутренней катастрофой. В этом обстоятельстве, очевидно, и заключена разгадка «странности» личности Батенькова.
The article considers the problems that arise in the course of studying the biography of G.S. Batenkov. “The biography” in the context of the article means the concept of structuring the experience-based on the “autoregulating designs”, life’s Gestalt” (the term by B. Dubin). In the role of such "Gestalt" Batenkov used the sentimental code of “cute together”, the code of Kantian philosophy, the “Napoleonic” code, a romantic code of “prisoner”, the code of poetic theurgy and prophetic teaching, but none of these biographical strategies became final. The development of each strategy was interrupted by devastating internal catastrophe. In this circumstances, obviously, lies the answer to the "strange" personality of Batenkov.
РУССКОЕ ПРОШЛОЕ ОДНОГО ЛЕВОГО ГОЛЛИСТАЛЕО АМОН (1908–1993)
Authors:  Г.  Канинская 
Published: November 2024

О взаимоотношениях России и Франции в разные периоды истории написано немало. Однако это исследовательское поле отнюдь не исчерпано, в частности в том, что касается взаимопереплетения семейных судеб. В личной памяти, семейных архивах порой обнаруживаются до сих пор мало известные или совсем неизвестные факты, которые подчас самым неожиданным образом вписываются в историю советско-французских отношений, по-своему дополняя и обогащая наши представления об «особой их чувствительности». Семейная история Лео Амона служит тому наглядным примером и представляет интерес с точки зрения такого актуального направления современного исторического знания, как частная или повседневная история.
A lot is known and written about the history of relations between our country and France in different historical periods. However, this research field is by no means exhausted, in particular with regard to the interweaving of family lives. So far facts that are little known or completely unknown could often be found in the personal memory or the family archives. Such facts could be fitted in a surprising way in to the history of Soviet-French relations, in their own way enriching our understanding of the "special sensitivity". Family history of Leo Hamon is a good example of that, as well as have interest from the point of view a private or everyday story – the current trends of contemporary historical knowledge.