bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electrically conductive epoxy‐based nanocomposite adhesives loaded with silver‐coated copper and silver‐coated reduced graphene oxide nanoparticles
Authors: Peighambardoust Seyed Jamaleddin , Rikhtegar Hamed , Mohammadzadeh Pakdel Parisa , Mirmohseni Abdolreza 
Published: April 2019

In this research, a conductive adhesive based on epoxy resin as the polymer matrix and silver‐coated copper powder and silver‐coated reduced graphene oxide as conductive fillers was synthesized. Graphene oxide was synthesized by modified Hummer's method. It was reduced and modified by silver powder. Copper particles were coated with silver using the electroless plating method. Finally, conductive nanocomposite adhesives were prepared using conductive fillers with different weight fractions. The structural properties of fillers were identified by Fourier‐transform infrared (FTIR) and induced coupled plasma (ICP) analysis and the morphology of the samples by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Finally, conductive properties, lap shear strength, and thermal stability of adhesive were evaluated. The conductive adhesive prepared with optimized properties have 70% weight percentage silver‐coated copper powder and 1% weight percentage silver‐coated reduced graphene oxide. The bulk resistivity of the optimum sample was 1.6 × 10‐2 Ω.cm, and the lap shear strength was 7.10 MPa. Also, thermogravimetric analysis showed that the weight loss of adhesive decreased from 88.72% to 30.55% during heating, which showed the addition of fillers improves the thermal stability of adhesive.
Damage recovery and low‐damage etching of ITO in H2/CO plasma: Effects of hydrogen or oxygen
Authors: Hirata Akiko , Fukasawa Masanaga , Kugimiya Katsuhisa , Karahashi Kazuhiro , Hamaguchi Satoshi , Nagaoka Kojiro 
Published: April 2019

AbstractHydrogen‐containing plasma etching of tin‐doped indium oxide (ITO) causes surface reduction damage induced by the plasma itself. Damage recovery by using O‐containing plasma and low‐damage etching in plasma with hydrogen and oxygen were investigated. While recovery was possible with O2 plasma after H‐containing plasma exposure, O
2 plasma caused excess oxidation of the ITO surface, which can degrade device properties. Simultaneous injection of hydrogen and oxygen recovered the reduced ITO to its initial state. The etching performance was also investigated; low‐damage etching was achieved with hydrogen and oxygen‐mixed plasma by controlling the balance between surface reduction and oxidation.
Efficient Quantum Algorithms for GHZ and W States, and Implementation on the IBM Quantum Computer
Authors: Cruz Diogo , Fournier Romain , Gremion Fabien , Jeannerot Alix , Komagata Kenichi , Tosic Tara , Thiesbrummel Jarla , Chan Chun Lam , Macris Nicolas , Dupertuis Marc‐André , Javerzac‐Galy Clément 
Published: April 2019

AbstractEfficient deterministic algorithms are proposed with logarithmic step complexities for the generation of entangled and states useful for quantum networks, and an implementation on the IBM quantum computer up to is demonstrated. Improved quality is then investigated using full quantum tomography for low‐N GHZ and W states. This is completed by parity oscillations and histogram distance for large‐N GHZ and W states, respectively. Robust states are built with about twice the number of quantum bits which were previously achieved.
Priming Dental Pulp Stem Cells from Human Exfoliated Deciduous Teeth with Fibroblast Growth Factor-2 Enhances Mineralization Within Tissue-Engineered Constructs Implanted in Craniofacial Bone Defects
Authors: Novais Anita , Lesieur Julie , Sadoine Jérémy , Slimani Lotfi , Baroukh Brigitte , Saubaméa Bruno , Schmitt Alain , Vital Sibylle , Poliard Anne , Hélary Christophe , Rochefort Gaël Y. , Chaussain Catherine , Gorin Caroline 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
The craniofacial area is prone to trauma or pathologies often resulting in large bone damages. One potential treatment option is the grafting of a tissue-engineered construct seeded with adult mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). The dental pulp appears as a relevant source of MSCs, as dental pulp stem cells display strong osteogenic properties and are efficient at bone formation and repair. Fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) and/or hypoxia primings were shown to boost the angiogenesis potential of dental pulp stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED). Based on these findings, we hypothesized here that these primings would also improve bone formation in the context of craniofacial bone repair. We found that both hypoxic and FGF-2 primings enhanced SHED proliferation and osteogenic differentiation into plastically compressed collagen hydrogels, with a much stronger effect observed with the FGF-2 priming. After implantation in immunodeficient mice, the tissue-engineered constructs seeded with FGF-2 primed SHED mediated faster intramembranous bone formation into critical size calvarial defects than the other groups (no priming and hypoxia priming). The results of this study highlight the interest of FGF-2 priming in tissue engineering for craniofacial bone repair. Stem Cells Translational Medicine 2019;8:844–857
Mesenchymal Stem Cell Capping on ECM‐Anchored Caspase Inhibitor–Loaded PLGA Microspheres for Intraperitoneal Injection in DSS‐Induced Murine Colitis
Authors: Pathak Shiva , Regmi Shobha , Shrestha Prakash , Choi Inho , Doh Kyoung‐Oh , Jeong Jee‐Heon 
Published: April 2019

AbstractMesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are considered as a promising alternative for the treatment of various inflammatory disorders. However, poor viability and engraftment of MSCs after transplantation are major hurdles in mesenchymal stem cell therapy. Extracellular matrix (ECM)‐coated scaffolds provide better cell attachment and mechanical support for MSCs after transplantation. A single‐step method for ECM functionalization on poly(lactic‐co‐glycolic acid) (PLGA) microspheres using a novel compound, dopamine‐conjugated poly(ethylene‐alt‐maleic acid), as a stabilizer during the preparation of microspheres is reported. The dopamine molecules on the surface of microspheres provide active sites for the conjugation of ECM in an aqueous solution. The results reveal that the viability of MSCs improves when they are coated over the ECM‐functionalized PLGA microspheres (eMs). In addition, the incorporation of a broad‐spectrum caspase inhibitor (IDN6556) into the eMs synergistically increases the viability of MSCs under in vitro conditions. Intraperitoneal injection of the MSC–microsphere hybrid alleviates experimental colitis in a murine model via inhibiting Th1 and Th17 differentiation of CD4+ T cells in colon‐draining mesenteric lymph nodes. Therefore, drug‐loaded ECM‐coated surfaces may be considered as attractive tools for improving viability, proliferation, and functionality of MSCs following transplantation.
Implikationen für die Studiengangentwicklung und Akkreditierung
Authors: Buß Imke 
Published: April 2019

ZusammenfassungDie Ergebnisse dieser Arbeit können im Kontext der Studiengangentwicklung von den Hochschulen aktiv genutzt werden. Dabei findet Studiengangentwicklung in der Regel aus zwei Anlässen statt: entweder durch anstehende hochschulexterne (Re-)Akkreditierungen oder im Rahmen des internen Qualitätsmanagements (Pietzonka 2013, S. 54). Der Ansatz der strukturellen Studierbarkeit eignet sich besonders dafür, dass Verantwortliche im Studiengang, im Fachbereich oder in der Hochschule eine proaktive und bewusste Analyse der Studienstrukturen anstoßen, um die Studiengänge anhand der Bedarfe von aktuellen und zukünftigen Studierenden unter Berücksichtigung der Rahmenbedingungen der Hochschule weiterzuentwickeln.
Elemente struktureller Studierbarkeit
Authors: Buß Imke 
Published: April 2019

ZusammenfassungIn diesem Kapitel stehen die Elemente struktureller Studierbarkeit im Mittelpunkt, welche die Studierbarkeit für die in Kapitel 3 genannten Studierendengruppen beeinflussen können. Durch die Elemente innerhalb eines Studienganges können Hochschulen steuern, wann und wo Lehrveranstaltungen stattfinden und wie die Studierenden ihr Selbststudium gestalten. Die Elemente werden in verschiedenen Studienformaten (z. B. Teilzeitstudium, Fernstudium) unterschiedlich eingesetzt. Die Studienformate steuern dabei, wie viel Zeit Studierende für das Absolvieren des Studiums zur Verfügung haben und an welchem Lernort sie primär studieren.
Methodik
Authors: Buß Imke 
Published: April 2019

ZusammenfassungDie in den vorangehenden Kapiteln aufgestellten Hypothesen werden anhand von Daten aus einer im Jahr 2015 durchgeführten quantitativen Umfrage sowie einer Dokumentenanalyse an den Hochschulen Ludwigshafen und Worms geprüft. Dieses Kapitel stellt zunächst die Entwicklung des Erhebungsinstruments der quantitativen Erhebung dar, betrachtet die Durchführung der Erhebung sowie die Datenqualität und gibt einen Überblick über die Stichprobe. Im Anschluss werden die Auswertungsmethoden näher dargestellt. Das Kapitel schließt mit einem Überblick über die Dokumentenanalyse.
Prüfung des Modells struktureller Studierbarkeit
Authors: Buß Imke 
Published: April 2019

ZusammenfassungDas Ziel dieses Kapitels ist es, das in Kapitel 2.1 entwickelte Modell der strukturellen Studierbarkeit zu prüfen. Zunächst wird der Index zeitlicher Restriktionen skizziert. Im zweiten Teil steht der mögliche Zusammenhang zwischen zeitlichen Restriktionen und Studierverhalten im Mittelpunkt. Des Weiteren wird die Frage untersucht, inwieweit Vollzeitstudiengänge der befragten Hochschulen für Studierende mit zeitlichen Restriktionen geeignet sind und ob flexible Studienstrukturen mögliche Probleme dieser Studierenden abschwächen können. Im dritten Teil des Kapitels werden Zusammenhänge zwischen dem Studierverhalten und den Ergebnisindikatoren struktureller Studierbarkeit geprüft.
Studienstrukturelle Präferenzen
Authors: Buß Imke 
Published: April 2019

ZusammenfassungIm vorangehenden Kapitel wurde geprüft, ob die Studiengänge für Studierende mit zeitlichen Restriktionen schlechter studierbar sind und ob flexible Studienstrukturen die Studierbarkeit für diese Studierendengruppen erhöhen können. Da sich beide Annahmen bestätigt haben, wird im nächsten Schritt untersucht, welche spezifischen Studienstrukturen Studierende mit zeitlichen Restriktionen präferieren. Es werden Präferenzen von Studierenden abgefragt, damit wird ein Auswahlprozess zwischen mindestens zwei Studienstrukturen angeregt (siehe auch Kapitel 2.4). In diesem Kapitel wird die Hypothese H1.2 geprüft, ob Studierende mit zeitlichen Restriktionen Studienstrukturen und Studienformate präferieren, die ihnen zeitliche und örtliche Flexibilität ermöglichen.
Spontaneously broken symmetry restoration of quantum fields in the vicinity of neutral and electrically charged black holes
Authors: Quinta Gonçalo M. , Flachi Antonino , Lemos José P. S. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractWe consider the restoration of a spontaneously broken symmetry of an interacting quantum scalar field around neutral, i.e., Schwarzschild, and electrically charged, i.e., Reissner-Nordström, black holes in four dimensions. This is done through a semi-classical self-consistent procedure, by solving the system of non-linear coupled equations describing the dynamics of the background field and the vacuum polarization. The black hole at its own horizon generates an indefinitely high temperature which decreases to the Hawking temperature at infinity. Due to the high temperature in its vicinity, there forms a bubble around the black hole in which the scalar field can only assume a value equal to zero, a minimum of energy. Thus, in this region the symmetry of the energy and the field is preserved. At the bubble radius, there is a phase transition in the value of the scalar field due to a spontaneous symmetry breaking mechanism. Indeed, outside the bubble radius the temperature is low enough such that the scalar field settles with a nonzero value in a new energy minimum, indicating a breaking of the symmetry in this outer region. Conversely, there is symmetry restoration from the outer region to the inner bubble close to the horizon. Specific properties that emerge from different black hole electric charges are also noteworthy. It is found that colder black holes, i.e., more charged ones, have a smaller bubble length of restored symmetry. In the extremal case the bubble has zero length, i.e., there is no bubble. Additionally, for colder black holes, it becomes harder to excite the quantum field modes, so the vacuum polarization has smaller values. In the extremal case, the black hole temperature is zero and the vacuum polarization is never excited.
Quorum sensing inhibition as a promising method to control biofilm growth in metalworking fluids
Authors: Özcan Safiye Selen , Dieser Markus , Parker Albert E , Balasubramanian Narayanaganesh , Foreman Christine M 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Microbial contamination in metalworking systems is a critical problem. This study determined the microbial communities in metalworking fluids (MWFs) from two machining shops and investigated the effect of quorum sensing inhibition (QSI) on biofilm growth. In both operations, biofilm-associated and planktonic microbial communities were dominated by Pseudomonadales (60.2–99.7%). Rapid recolonization was observed even after dumping spent MWFs and meticulous cleaning. Using Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 as a model biofilm organism, patulin (40 µM) and furanone C-30 (75 µM) were identified as effective QSI agents. Both agents had a substantially higher efficacy compared to α-amylase (extracellular polymeric substance degrading enzyme) and reduced biofilm formation by 63% and 76%, respectively, in MWF when compared to untreated controls. Reduced production of putatively identified homoserine lactones and quinoline in MWF treated with QS inhibitors support the effect of QSI on biofilm formation. The results highlight the effectiveness of QSI as a potential strategy to eradicate biofilms in MWFs.
Using response times to measure ability on a cognitive task
Authors: Alekseev Aleksandr 
Published: April 2019

AbstractI show how using response times as a proxy for effort can address a long-standing issue of how to separate the effect of cognitive ability on performance from the effect of motivation. My method is based on a dynamic stochastic model of optimal effort choice in which ability and motivation are the structural parameters. I show how to estimate these parameters from the data on outcomes and response times in a cognitive task. In a laboratory experiment, I find that performance on a digit-symbol test is a noisy and biased measure of cognitive ability. Ranking subjects by their performance leads to an incorrect ranking by their ability in a substantial number of cases. These results suggest that interpreting performance on a cognitive task as ability may be misleading.
A Tale of Two Liberalisms? Attitudes toward Minority Religious Symbols in Quebec and Canada
Authors: Turgeon Luc , Bilodeau Antoine , White Stephen E. , Henderson Ailsa 
Published: April 2019

AbstractProponents of restrictions on the wearing of religious symbols in public institutions in Quebec have often framed their support in the language of liberalism, with references to “gender equality”, “state neutrality” and “freedom of conscience”. However, efforts to account for support for restrictions on minority religious symbols rarely mention liberalism. In this article, we test the hypothesis that holding liberal values might have different attitudinal consequences in Quebec and the rest of Canada. Our findings demonstrate that holding liberal values is associated with support for restrictions on the wearing of minority religious symbols in Quebec, but it is associated with opposition to such restrictions in the rest of Canada. Moreover, this difference between Quebec and the rest of Canada in the relationship between liberal values and support for restrictions on minority religious symbols can explain Quebecers' greater support for restrictions.
Régimes de genre et Antiquité grecque classique (Ve-IVesiècles av. J.-C.)
Authors: Cuchet Violaine Sebillotte 
Published: April 2019

RésuméLe genre désigne à la fois des normes de comportement, des ensembles de caractéristiques et la place relative que prend la différence des sexes dans les relations entre individus. Dans le champ de l’Antiquité, ces trois définitions convergent généralement pour isoler un régime de genre unique, la polaritéanêr(citoyen)/gunê(épouse de citoyen), lequel est étroitement articulé à la division mâle/femelle. Pourtant, diverses analyses, portant notamment sur la sexualité, ont montré que les sociétés grecques de l’Antiquité n’étaient pas systématiquement organisées en fonction de la différence des sexes. Ces conclusions isolées incitent à examiner les différents points de vue exprimés dans les documents élaborés dans les sociétés hellénophones de la Méditerranée antique. Contrairement à l’opinion commune, la division mâle/femelle apparaît bien moins structurante que celles qui distinguent les membres de la communauté des étrangers, les Grecs des Barbares, ou les mortels des immortels.
Deprivation and threat, emotion dysregulation, and psychopathology: Concurrent and longitudinal associations
Authors: Milojevich Helen M. , Norwalk Kate E. , Sheridan Margaret A. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractMaltreatment increases risk for psychopathology in childhood and adulthood, thus identifying mechanisms that influence these associations is necessary for future prevention and intervention. Emotion dysregulation resulting from maltreatment is one potentially powerful mechanism explaining risk for psychopathology. This study tests a conceptual model that distinguishesdeprivationandthreatas distinct forms of exposure with different pathways to psychopathology. Here we operationalize threat as exposure to physical and/or sexual abuse and deprivation as exposure to neglect. We test the hypothesis that threat and deprivation differentially predict use of avoidant strategies and total regulation. Data were drawn from the Longitudinal Studies on Child Abuse and Neglect (LONGSCAN study;N= 866), which followed high-risk children from age 4 to 18. At age 6, children and their parents reported on adversity exposure. Case records documented exposure to abuse and neglect. At 18, adolescents reported on regulation strategies and psychopathology. Regression analyses indicated that greater exposure to threat, but not deprivation, predicted greater use of avoidant strategies in adolescence. Moreover, avoidance partially mediated the longitudinal association between exposure to threat in early childhood and symptoms of internalizing psychopathology in adolescence. Results suggest that abuse and neglect differentially predict regulation strategy use and that regulation strategy use predicts psychopathology.
What's Inside the Black Box? AI Challenges for Lawyers and Researchers
Authors: Yu Ronald , Alì Gabriele Spina 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe Artificial intelligence revolution is happening and is going to drastically re-shape legal research in both the private sector and academia. AI research tools present several advantages over traditional research methods. They allow for the analysis and review of large datasets (‘Big Data’) and can identify patterns that are imperceptible to human researchers. However, the wonders of AI legal research are not without perils. Because of their complexity, AI systems can escape the control and understanding of their operators and programmers. Therefore, especially when run by researchers with insufficient IT background, computational AI research may skew analyses or result in flawed research. Premised thus, the main goals of this paper, written by Ronald Yu and Gabriele Spina Alì, are to analyse some of the factors that can jeopardize the reliability of AI-assisted legal research and to review some of the solutions to mitigate this situation.
The Justis International Law & Technology Writing Competition 2019
Authors: Terrell Matthew , Hand David 
Published: April 2019

AbstractOn the 15th February 2019, the Overall Winner for the Justis International Law &amp; Technology Writing Competition was announced alongside three Best in Category articles for each of the three topics of this year's competition. Dr Matthew Terrell and David Hand of Justis who organise this yearly student opportunity share insights from the latest competition alongside the winning articles.
Impact of health plan reforms in Washington on employment decisions
Authors: Coe Norma B. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe State of Washington, as part of a State Innovation Model (SIM) grant, is changing the payment model within state employee health insurance plans. The system is moving away from traditional fee-for-service reimbursement to value-based payment, through insurance design (the creation of accountable care network insurance products) and bundled payment strategies. New plans were rolled out January 2016 (enrollment occurred in late 2015), with the stated goal of getting 80% of state employees covered by plans that contain value-based purchasing within the next 5 years. The goal of payment reform is to improve member experience, member health, and cut costs. However, changing health insurance during employment can directly and indirectly change labor market outcomes. Decreasing costs of insurance could lead people to remain in the state-employment sector longer. However, it could also influence retirement timing, through changing the relative costs of insurance and through improving health.This paper examines who switches to value-based insurance, where the insurance explicitly decreases premiums without changing out-of-pocket costs. We find that the peak age for switching insurance plans is 35–45, even among the subsample of individuals who would not need to change their usual sources of care. Second, we look at the labor market activity – both leaving the state-employee sector and retiring from state-employment – and find that younger workers with value-based insurance plans are less likely to leave state employment. Further, we find evidence of value-based insurance, available at a reduced cost to both employees and retirees, leads to a shifting downward in the distribution of retirement age. While these findings support the existence of both the price and income effects, the effect sizes are rather small.
Modeling Iron and Light Controls on the Summer Phaeocystis antarctica Bloom in the Amundsen Sea Polynya
Authors: Oliver Hilde , St‐Laurent Pierre , Sherrell Robert M. , Yager Patricia L. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractOf all the Antarctic coastal polynyas, the Amundsen Sea Polynya is the most productive per unit area. Observations from the 2010–2011 Amundsen Sea Polynya International Research Expedition (ASPIRE) revealed that both light and iron can limit the growth of phytoplankton (Phaeocystis antarctica), but how these controls manifest over the bloom season is poorly understood, especially with respect to their climate sensitivity. Using a 1‐D biogeochemical model, we examine the influence of light and iron limitation on the phytoplankton bloom and vertical carbon flux at 12 stations representing different bloom stages within the polynya. Model parameters are determined by Bayesian optimization and assimilation of ASPIRE observations. The model‐data fit is most sensitive to phytoplankton physiological parameters, which among all model parameters are best constrained by the optimization. We find that the 1‐D model captures the basic elements of the bloom observed during ASPIRE, despite some discrepancies between modeled and observed dissolved iron distributions. With this model, we explore the way iron availability, in combination with light availability, controlled the rise, peak, and decline of the bloom at the 12 stations. Modeled light limitation by self‐shading is very strong, but iron is drawn down as the bloom rises, becoming limiting in combination with light as the bloom declines. These model results mechanistically confirm the importance of climate‐sensitive controls like stratification and meltwater on phytoplankton bloom development and carbon export in this region.