bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
First principles calculations of the electronic, optical and thermoelectric performance of RbZn1−x NixF3 (x = 0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75 and 1) alloys
Authors: Mubarak A. A. 
Published: May 2019

First principles investigations of the electronic, optical and thermoelectric performance of RbZn[Formula: see text]Ni[Formula: see text]F3 (x = 0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75 and 1) alloys are calculated using spin polarized full-potential linear augmented plane wave method, as implemented in Wien2k code. These alloys are found to be stable, ductile and can be formed with ferromagnetic character. RbZn[Formula: see text]Ni[Formula: see text]F3 are found to be insulator alloys with bandgap energy of range 7.02–5.14 eV using the modified Becke–Johnson functional. This gap is decreasing with increasing the Ni concentration in the unit cell. The optical parameters are calculated in the energy range upto 35 eV. The calculated static refractive index values are found directly proportional with the higher concentration of Ni atoms in the alloys. The transport coefficients are calculated using BoltzTrap code. The hole assumes the main charge carriers of the present alloys with p-type-doping for RbZnF3 alloy and n-type-doping for RbZn[Formula: see text]Ni[Formula: see text]F3. The calculated optical and transport coefficient values show promising optoelectronic and thermoelectric applications of the studied alloys.
Computational Art Inspired by Genome Browsers
Authors: Calvino Martin 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
This article describes the genome browser of the plant Arabidopsis thaliana as an inspiration for the creation of geometric artworks developed with code. Genome browsers are bioinformatic tools that life scientists use to access and visualize genome sequence data from species of interest. The artworks presented are inspired by genome sequence data and provide aesthetic interpretations of genes and their genomic contexts by an individual artist alternatively to the conventional scientific visualization of genome data.
An Alchemy of DNA: Exploring the Chemistry of Biology through Bioart
Authors: Dumitriu Anna , Neely Robert K. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
This statement is a reflection by artist Anna Dumitriu on her residency with biochemist Robert K. Neely at the University of Birmingham, which led to the creation of The Chemistry of Biology: An Alchemy of DNA, a sculptural and bio-digital installation that premiered at Birmingham Open Media in October 2017. Their project explored the chemical nature of DNA, the enigmatic “instruction book of life” through new super-resolution laser imaging technologies using fluorescent molecules, enabling them to physically observe a region of DNA containing a scarless CRISPR edit to a bacterial genome, building on an earlier project, Make Do and Mend.
The effect of extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation in re-arrest after survival event: a retrospective analysis
Authors: Han Kap Su , Kim Su Jin , Lee Eui Jung , Lee Sung Woo 
Published: May 2019

Background: The objectives of this study were to 1) identify the risk factors for predicting re-arrest and 2) determine whether extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation results in better outcomes than conventional cardiopulmonary resuscitation for managing re-arrest in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients. Methods: This retrospective analysis was based on a prospective cohort. We included adult patients with non-traumatic out-of-hospital cardiac arrest who achieved a survival event. The primary measurement was re-arrest, defined as recurrent cardiac arrest within 24 hours after survival event. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to predict re-arrest. Subgroup analysis was performed to evaluate the effect of extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation on the survival to discharge in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients who experienced re-arrest. Results: Of 534 patients suitable for inclusion, 203 (38.0%) were enrolled in the re-arrest group. Old age, prolonged advanced cardiac life support duration and the presence of hypotension at 0 hours after survival event were independent variables predicting re-arrest. In the re-arrest group, the extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation group (n = 25) showed better outcomes than the conventional cardiopulmonary resuscitation group. However, multiple logistic regression for predicting survival to discharge revealed that extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation was not an independent factor. Multiple logistic regression revealed that a hypotensive state at re-arrest was an independent risk factor for survival. Conclusion: Alternative methods that reduce the advanced cardiac life support duration should be considered to prevent re-arrest and attain good outcomes in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients. Extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation for re-arrest tended to show a good outcome compared to conventional cardiopulmonary resuscitation for re-arrest. Avoiding or immediately correcting hypotension may prevent re-arrest and improve the outcome of re-arrested patients.
An innovative approach to measuring youth concussion recovery: Occupational performance
Authors: Sang Robyn Chen , Vawda Yasira , Greenspoon Dayna , Reed Nick , Hunt Anne W 
Published: May 2019

IntroductionConcussion is a common injury in youth. Studies report that active rehabilitation interventions reduce symptoms in these youth. There is no literature that addresses its impact on occupational performance. The purpose of this study was to identify: (a) occupational performance issues experienced by these youth; (b) changes in occupational performance and satisfaction following participation in a 6-week active rehabilitation intervention; and (c) the relationship between changes in occupational performance and symptoms.MethodAs part of a larger prospective repeated measures study, measures of occupational performance (Canadian Occupational Performance Measure) and self-reported symptoms (Post-Concussion Symptom Inventory) were collected pre and post intervention. Paired t-test, Spearman correlation, and descriptive analyses were conducted.ResultsYouth (9–18 years; n = 52) reported a range of occupational performance issues in self-care, productivity, and leisure domains. The most frequently reported occupational performance issues were sport (32.70%) and school (31.75%) activities. Positive changes were found in both performance and satisfaction of occupational performance issues post intervention ( p<.001). Correlation analysis revealed that as symptoms decreased, occupational performance improved ( rs = –.359, p = .020).ConclusionUsing a measure of occupational performance may provide meaningful insight into the functional recovery of concussion, and can help identify targeted functional approaches to paediatric concussion management.
Pathoanatomy of Shoulder Instability in Collegiate Female Athletes
Authors: Patzkowski Jeanne C. , Dickens Jonathan F. , Cameron Kenneth L. , Bokshan Steven L. , Garcia E’Stephan J. , Owens Brett D. 
Published: May 2019

Background:Shoulder instability has been well described in young men; however, few studies have specifically evaluated the pathoanatomy and unique spectrum of injuries in women with shoulder instability.Purpose:To describe the pathoanatomy of operative shoulder instability in a collegiate female cohort.Study Design:Case series; Level of evidence, 4.Methods:The authors performed a retrospective analysis of a consecutive series of female students at a National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I military service academy treated operatively for shoulder instability by a single surgeon between September 2008 and September 2014. Preoperative data collected included patient age, sport, mechanism of injury, number and frequency of dislocations, direction of instability, and co-occurring surgical abnormalities at the time of arthroscopy. Outcome variables included recurrent instability after surgery and need for revision.Results:Thirty-six female student athletes with an average age of 20 years (range, 18-22 years) were included. The majority of instability events were traumatic in nature (69%), and 61% of the total events were subluxations. Rugby was the most common sport for experiencing instability (7 patients), followed by obstacle course training (6 patients). Thirty-two patients (89%) reported multiple instability events, averaging 4 per shoulder. The primary direction of instability was anterior in 26, combined anterior and posterior in 7, and 3 met criteria for multidirectional instability. At the time of surgery, 26 patients (72%) had a Bankart tear, 9 (25%) had a posterior labral tear, and 5 (14%) had superior labrum anterior to posterior tears. Nine patients (25%) were found to have humeral avulsion of the glenohumeral ligament (HAGL) lesions, 7 (19%) had partial-thickness articular-sided rotator cuff tears, and only 1 patient (3%) had evidence of true attritional glenoid bone loss. Hill-Sachs lesions were found in 16 patients (44%). Recurrent instability occurred in 9 patients (25%) following arthroscopic stabilization, and revision surgery was performed in 6 (17%).Conclusion:Shoulder instability in female athletes presents commonly as multiple subluxation events. While soft tissue Bankart lesions were found in numbers equal to those in previous studies include both sexes, bony Bankart lesions were less common in women. Finally, the presence of combined anterior and posterior labral tears and HAGLs in women was more common than previously reported.
Innovations in Modeling Social Good: A Demonstration With Juvenile Justice Intervention
Authors: Lee JoAnn S. , Wolf-Branigin Michael 
Published: May 2019

Objectives: Using agent-based modeling (ABM) within a complexity theory framework provides an alternative and promising method for significantly advancing the study of social good. Complexity theory is a systems approach based on the idea that aggregate patterns arise from the interactions of agents and their environments. Such systems operate according to a set of simple rules, and patterns emerge from these simple interactions that sometimes cannot be predicted by examining those interactions alone. ABM is a computational approach that simulates the interactions of autonomous agents with each other and their environments (social and/or physical). Methods: We adapted the Rebellion model from the NetLogo software library to demonstrate the potential of this approach to measure social good. Specifically, we examine the impact of variables related to juvenile justice involvement on the converse of social good, social exclusion, which in this model was conceptualized as the lack of educational attainment among youth at risk of juvenile justice involvement. After designing our ABM, we ran a total of 2400 simulations where we systematically varied key variables, including arrest risk and maximum sentence. Results: We report the descriptive statistics from our simulations for key output variables in the ABM, including percent socially excluded and average accumulated jail time, and demonstrate the usefulness of this method by identifying nonlinear, bivariate associations across the simulations. Conclusion: Our model demonstrates the usefulness of an innovative methodological approach, complexity theory, coupled with an innovative technology, ABM, in developing policies and programs that will maximize social good.
Radiographic Outcomes of Mobile-Bearing Total Ankle Arthroplasty for Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Yano Koichiro , Ikari Katsunori , Okazaki Ken 
Published: May 2019

Background: Ankle disorders in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) reduce their quality of life and activities of daily living. The aim of this study was to evaluate the midterm clinical and radiographic outcomes of TAA in patients with RA. Methods: This retrospective study included patients with a minimum follow-up of 2 years. A total of 37 RA patients (39 ankles) were enrolled in this study from August 2006 to March 2016. All the patients had undergone primary cemented mobile-bearing total ankle arthroplasty (TAA). Nine ankles received arthrodesis of the subtalar joint simultaneously. Patient-reported outcomes were measured preoperatively and at the latest follow-up by Self-Administered Foot-Evaluation Questionnaire (SAFE-Q). Radiographs of the ankle were analyzed preoperatively and at all follow-up visits to measure the periprosthetic radiolucent line, migration of the tibial component, and the subsidence of the talar component. Intraoperative and postoperative complications were recorded. The average duration of follow-up for the entire cohort was 5.0 ± 2.0 years (range 2.1-10.1 years). Results: All subscales of the SAFE-Q had improved significantly at the latest follow-up. No significant difference was found between the range of motion of the ankle before and after the surgery. Radiolucent lines were observed in 28 (73.7%) ankles. Migration of the tibial component and subsidence of the talar component were found in 8 (21.1%) and 11 (28.9%) ankles, respectively. Intraoperative malleolus fractures occurred in 3 (7.7%) ankles and delayed wound healing in 10 (25.6%) ankles. Four ankles were removed because of deep infection or noninfective loosening, resulting in an implant survival rate of 88.4% (95% CI, 0.76-1.0) at 10 years. Conclusion: The midterm patient-reported outcomes and implant retention rate after cemented mobile-bearing TAA for RA patients were satisfactory. However, a low radiographic implant success rate was observed. Level of Evidence: Level IV, retrospective case series.
Effects of Share 35 Policy on Liver Transplantation Outcomes for Patients With Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis
Authors: Zhang Yefei , Boktour Maha R. 
Published: May 2019

Background: To examine the temporal variation and outcomes of liver transplantation between pre- and post-Share 35 eras for patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed among 4380 patients with end-stage liver disease from the United Network for Organ Sharing database from 2009 to 2017 due to primary diagnosis of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis or cryptogenic cirrhosis with body mass index greater than 30. Cox regressions were used to model the effect of Share 35 policy on patient and graft survival comparing the first 3 years of Share 35 policy to an equivalent time period before. Results: The number of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis-related transplants increased from 232 (14.1%) in 2009 to 266 (20.5%) in 2017. In post-Share 35 era, average waitlist time and cold ischemic time decreased, while Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) scores increased with higher proportion of recipients having MELD ≥35. No significant difference in average length of hospitalization or survival was found after Share 35. Conclusions: The Share 35 policy benefits patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis from reduced liver transplantation waiting time. It is also associated with comparable outcomes in 2 eras without increasing cold ischemic time or posttransplant length of hospitalization.
A Focus Group Study on African American Living Donors’ Treatment Preferences, Sociocultural Factors, and Health Beliefs About Apolipoprotein L1 Genetic Testing
Authors: Gordon Elisa J. , Amórtegui Daniela , Blancas Isaac , Wicklund Catherine , Friedewald John , Sharp Richard R. 
Published: May 2019

Introduction: Because apolipoprotein L1 ( APOL1) risk variants may contribute to live donors’ kidney failure postdonation, professional guidelines suggest informing potential donors with African ancestry about the availability of APOL1 genotyping. This study assessed African American (AA) donors’ perceptions of APOL1 genetic testing and how APOL1 may affect ethnic identity. Methods/Approach: Four focus groups were conducted with AA donors about their decision-making for and perceptions of APOL1 genetic testing and donation to inform a new culturally targeted educational brochure on APOL1 genetic testing. Qualitative data were analyzed by thematic analysis. Findings: Seventeen donors participated (47% participation rate). Four major themes emerged. (1) In hypothetical scenarios, most participants would have undergone APOL1 testing during donor evaluation to make a more informed decision, but many would have still donated. (2) Participants desired information about how having 2 APOL1 risk variants affects the donor’s and the recipient’s health. (3) Participants referred to diversity of genetic ancestry and cultural constructions of racial/ethnic identity to question the population at risk for APOL1 risk variants and recommended that all potential donors undergo genetic testing and receive education about APOL1. (4) Participants worried that out-of-pocket costs would deter APOL1 testing and that APOL1 could become a preexisting condition and discriminate against AAs. Discussion: Our findings suggest that AA donors desire APOL1 testing to foster informed consent. Transplant clinicians should be aware of these responses to APOL1 testing and be sensitive to historical issues of distrust and discrimination.
Valproic Acid Inhibits NA-K-2CL Cotransporter RNA Expression in Male But Not in Female Rat Thymocytes
Authors: Juknevičienė Milda , Balnytė Ingrida , Valančiūtė Angelija , Lesauskaitė Vaiva , Stanevičiūtė Jurate , Curkūnavičiūtė Rūta , Stakišaitis Donatas 
Published: May 2019

Objective: The NKCC1 is a recognized tumorigenesis marker as it is important for tumor cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and tumor progression. The study aim was to investigate the effect of sodium valproate (VPA) on thymus NKCC1 RNA expression. Material and Methods: Wistar rats, age 4 to 5 weeks, were investigated in the control and VPA-treated male and female gonad-intact and castrated groups. The treatment duration with VPA 300 mg/kg/d was 4 weeks. Rat thymus was weighted; its lobe was taken for the expression of NKCC1 RNA determined by the real-time polymerase chain reaction method. Results: The RNA expression of the Slc12a2 gene was found to be significantly higher in the gonad-intact male control compared with the gonad-intact female control ( P = .04). There was a gender-related VPA treatment effect on NKCC1 RNA expression in thymus: The Slc12a2 gene RNA expression level was found to be decreased in VPA-treated gonad-intact males ( P = .015), and no significant VPA effects were found in the castrated males and in the gonad-intact and castrated females compared with the respective controls ( P > .05). Conclusions: The study showed a gender-related difference in the NKCC1 RNA expression in rat thymus. The VPA decreases the NKCC1 expression in the thymus only in gonad-intact male rats. The NKCC1 RNA expression downregulation by VPA could be important for further VPA pharmacological studies in oncology.
Book review: S. Irfan Habib, ed., Indian Nationalism: The Essential Writings and Inquilab: Bhagat Singh on Religion and Revolution
Authors: Habib Irfan 
Published: May 2019

S. Irfan Habib, ed., Indian Nationalism: The Essential Writings (New Delhi: Aleph Book Company), 2017, 285 pp., ₹499 (Hb). ISBN 97893-528-0837-3. S. Irfan Habib, ed., Inquilab: Bhagat Singh on Religion and Revolution (New Delhi: SAGE Publications), 2018, 192 pp., ₹295 (Pb). ISBN 978-93-86021-05-2.
New arsenate minerals from the Arsenatnaya fumarole, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. XII. Zubkovaite, Ca3Cu3(AsO4)4
Authors: Pekov Igor V. , Lykova Inna S. , Agakhanov Atali A. , Belakovskiy Dmitry I. , Vigasina Marina F. , Britvin Sergey N. , Turchkova Anna G. , Sidorov Evgeny G. , Scheidl Katharina S. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe new mineral zubkovaite, Ca3Cu3(AsO4)4, was found in the Arsenatnaya fumarole at the Second scoria cone of the Northern Breakthrough of the Great Tolbachik Fissure Eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. It is associated with anhydrite, svabite, hematite, johillerite, tilasite, fluorophlogopite, sanidine and aphthitalite. Zubkovaite occurs as coarse prismatic crystals up to 0.01 mm × 0.01 mm × 0.2 mm combined in radiating aggregates or crusts. The mineral is transparent, bright sky-blue, turquoise-coloured or light bluish-green, with vitreous lustre. It is brittle, with imperfect cleavage. The Mohs’ hardness isca3.Dcalcis 4.161 g cm–3. Zubkovaite is optically biaxial (–), α = 1.747(5), β = 1.774(5), γ = 1.792(5) and 2Vmeas= 75(10)°. Chemical composition (wt.%, electron microprobe) is: CaO 19.22, CuO 27.37, As2O552.54, SO30.67, total 99.80. The empirical formula based on 16 O apfu is Ca2.96Cu2.97(As3.945S0.07)Σ4.015O16. Zubkovaite is monoclinic,C2,a= 16.836(3),b= 5.0405(8),c= 9.1173(17) Å, β = 117.388(13)°,V= 687.0(2) Å3andZ= 2. The strongest reflections of the powder XRD pattern [d,Å (I) (hkl)] are: 7.44 (100) ($\bar 2$01), 3.727 (79) (400,$\bar 2$02,$\bar 3$11), 3.334 (92) ($\bar 1$12), 2.914 (73) (311), 2.765 (50) ($\bar 6$01,$\bar 6$02), 2.591 (96) ($\bar 3$13) and 2.521 (53) (020). The crystal structure is unique for minerals. It was solved from single-crystal X-ray diffraction data toR= 7.19%. The structure contains trimers of Cu2+-centred polyhedra (consisting of one distorted square CuO4in the core and two distorted square pyramids CuO5) and two crystallographically independent As5+O4tetrahedra playing different roles: As(2)O4tetrahedra link neighbouring trimers into ribbons whereas As(1)O4tetrahedra link adjacent ribbons into heteropolyhedral layers; Ca cations are located in the interlayer space. The mineral is named in honour of the Russian crystallographer and crystal chemist Natalia Vital'evna Zubkova (born 1976).
Crystal chemistry of halurgite, Mg4[B8O13(OH)2]2·7H2O, a microporous heterophylloborate mineral
Authors: Pekov Igor V. , Zubkova Natalia V. , Ksenofontov Dmitry A. , Chukanov Nikita V. , Korotchenkova Oksana V. , Chaikovskiy Ilya I. , Yapaskurt Vasiliy O. , Britvin Sergey N. , Pushcharovsky Dmitry Yu. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThree samples of halurgite were re-examined: two from the Chelkar salt dome in the North Caspian Region, Western Kazakhstan (the type locality and including the type specimen), and one from a new locality in the Satimola salt dome located in the same region. The crystal structure of halurgite has been solved for the first time on the specimen from Chelkar with the empirical formula Mg3.94[B8.03O13.03(OH)1.97]2·7.16H2O; refinement began with single-crystal X-ray diffraction data and was subsequently refined on a powder sample using the Rietveld method (Rp= 0.0232,Rwp= 0.0354 andRobs= 0.0558). The idealised crystal chemical formula of halurgite is Mg4[B8O13(OH)2]2·7H2O. The mineral is monoclinic,P2/c,a= 13.201(2),b= 7.5622(10),c= 13.185(2) Å, β = 91.834(14)°,V= 1315.6(4) Å3andZ= 2. The crystal structure is unique. Eight B polyhedra form a fundamental building block [B8O16(OH)2], which is a six-membered borate ring (built by two pairs of B tetrahedra and two B triangles) with two additional triangular BO2(OH) groups. Each [B8O16(OH)2] ring is linked to six adjacent analogous rings to form a [B8O13(OH)2]∞layer. These layers are connectedviaMgO6and Mg(OH)2(H2O)4octahedra into a microporous heteropolyhedral pseudo-framework. The crystal structure of halurgite can also be described in terms of an approach developed for heterophyllosilicates containing three-layerHOHmodules, whereHOHrefers to an octahedral layerOsandwiched between two heteropolyhedral layersH. In halurgite theHOHmodule consists of two heteropolyhedral (BO3triangles + BO4tetrahedra) borateHlayers [B8O13(OH)2]∞and a central interruptedOlayer composed of MgO6octahedra, whereas a more voluminous Mg(OH)2(H2O)4octahedral complex and additional H2O molecules are located betweenHOHmodules. Halurgite and four related synthetic H-free boratesM2Cd3B16O28andM2Ca3B16O28(M= Rb or Cs) can be considered microporous heterophylloborates.