bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity of some Novel Isoindoline-1,3-Dione Derivatives
Authors: Lamie Phoebe F. 
Published: May 2018

New phthalimido derivatives incorporated with chalcone, pyrazole, pyrazoline, and pyrimidine moieties were synthesized and evaluated for their antimicrobial activities against bacterial and fungal strains. 2-{4-[1-Acetyl-5-(4-chlorophenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]phenyl} isoindoline-1,3-dione (7) showed broad spectrum antibacterial activity against both G+ and G- bacteria. While, (E)-2-{4-[3-(4-chlorophenyl)acryloyl]phenyl}isoindoline-1,3-dione (4b) showed promising antifungal activity.
Concentration of Heavy Metals in the Soils near Some Mechanic Villages in Abeokuta Metropolis, Ogun State, Nigeria.
Authors: Olufunmilayo. O Olayinka , Oludare H. Adedeji 
Published: May 2018

Soils and water bodies near auto mechanic village (MV) contain heavy metals, which pollute the environments and are hazardous to human and environmental health. Assessment of heavy metal concentration in three replicate soil and water samples from three MVs (Fajol, Id-Aba and Kotopo) in Abeokuta metropolis in Nigeria was conducted. Heavy metal concentrations in topsoil of the MVs showed copper ranging from 0.02 mgkg-1 in the topsoil at Idi-Aba MV to 126.89 mgkg-1 for topsoil at Kotopo MV. The level of copper detected in Kotopo MV soil is however higher than the allowable limits for Sweden, Netherlands and Germany. Mean concentration of zinc in soils of the MVs were 2.89, 0.91 and 86.23 mgkg-1 respectively for Fajol, Idi-Aba and Kotopo MV respectively. Metal enrichment factor indicated that the contamination degree ranged from unpolluted to moderately polluted areas. Copper is the most enriched metal in the soil of the MVs especially at Kotopo MV. Relative abundance of the metals in the topsoil (0-15cm) in Fajol MV follow the order Zn > Ni> Cr >Pb >Cu > Co> Cd. For the Idi-Aba MV, relative abundance is in the order Ni > Zn > Cr > Pb> Cu > Co and Cd, and that of Kotopo MV was Cu >Zn> Pb > Ni > Cr, Co and Cd. Mean heavy metal in the water samples were lower than those found in the soils of the MVs. Stream water near the Kotopo MV had the highest concentration of most metals. Zinc had the highest mean concentration of 2.02 mgL-1 while copper was 1.09 mgL-1. There is an urgent need to put measures in place to monitor the activities in these MVs in order to safeguard peoples’ health environmental integrity.
Synthesis, Crystal Structure, and Characterization of the first Organic Cation Hexaoxoperiodate
Authors: Wacharine I. , Smirani Wajda Sta , Rzaigui M. 
Published: May 2018

The title compound is an organic-inorganic hybrid material. The single crystal X-ray diffraction investigation reveals that the studied compound crystallizes in the monoclinic system, space group P21/c with the following lattice parameters: 𝑎 = 7.551 (2) Å, 𝑏 = 6.694 (3) Å, 𝑐 = 14.783 (2) Å, β = 97.61 (2)° and 𝑍 = 2. The crystal lattice is composed of a discrete (H4IO6)− anion surrounded by piperazinium cations and water molecules. Complex hydrogen bonding interactions between the different chemical spices form a three-dimensional network. Room temperature IR, 13C NMR spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis and optical absorption of the title compound were recorded and analyzed.
Anastatica Hierochuntica L. Used As an Alternative of Conjugated Estrogen (Premarin) in Rabbit Females
Authors: H.Ali Bushra , K.Baker Rajaa , Mohammed Taghreed Uloom , A. Hassn Huda 
Published: May 2018

There are risks and benefits with all medicines and estrogen replacement is no exception. In fact, estrogen replacement is one of the most controversial topics in Endocrinology. Anastatica hierochuntica L. is a popular treatment for the management of female reproductive disorders. The present research highlights the effect of aqueous extract of plant against conjugated estrogen(Premarin) in rabbits. Femal oryciolagus cuniculus rabbits were divided into four groups: the 1 st group, rabbits were orally administered (using a feeding solution )with daily dose(5 mL distilled water)for two months, the 2nd group, the rabbits were treated with conjugated estrogen (50 µg/kg b.w, body weight )for one month. The 3rd group, the rabbits were treated with aqueose extract of plant(100mg/mL) for one month and group 4th the rabbits were treated with aqueous extract of plant(100mg/mL) for two months . The level of estrogen evaluated in blood. The findings of the study indicated that the administration of conjugated estrogen (50µg/kg b. w) induced a significant increase in estrogen. The result suggests that aqueous extract of Anastatica hierochuntica L. may increased leve of estrogen.
Voltammetric investigation on interaction of Hyaluronic Acid with crystal violet and its analytical application
Authors: Zhang WeiLi , Niu XueLiang , Zhang Ping Ping , Sun Wei 
Published: May 2018

In this paper, the interaction of hyaluronic acid (HA) with crystal violet (CV) was investigated carefully by linear sweep voltammetry on the dropping mercury working electrode (DME). In pH 5.0 Britton-Robinson (B-R) buffer solution, CV has a sensitive, well-defined second order derivative linear sweep voltammetric reductive wave at –0.85 V (vs. SCE). After adding a certain amount of HA into CV solution, the reductive peak current decreased without any shift of reductive peak potential. Based on the difference in the reductive peak current, a new voltammetric method for the detection of HA was established. The reaction conditions and the electrochemical determination were studied and optimized. Under the optimized conditions, the decrease of peak current showed a good linear relationship with the HA concentration in the range from 10.0 to 40.0 mg/L. The linear regression equation was got as ∆ip″(nA)= 84.07 C–527.86 (mg/L) (n=8, γ=0.997) and the detection limit was calculated as 2.65 mg/L (3σ). This new established method was further used to HA determination in the synthetic samples with satisfactory results and good recovery. The stoichiometry of CV-HA complex was calculated and the binding mechanism was also discussed by the electrochemical data.
TOTAL PHENOLIC CONTENTS, ANTIOXIDANT, ANTICANCER AND ANTIDIABETIC PROPERTIES OF Myrmecodia tuberosa (RUBIACEAE)
Authors: Rasemi Saidi , Khong Dr Heng Yen , Ahmad Rohaya , Hasan Mizaton Hazizul 
Published: May 2018

Myrmecodia tuberosa, locally known as “Sarang Semut”, belongs to the Rubiaceae family. The aim of the study is to investigate the total phenolic contents and bioactivity of the crude extract of M. tuberosa. The tuber, bark and leaves of the plant were cut, washed and air-dried. The plant was extracted with ethyl acetate and ethanol to yield EtOAc and EtOH crudes. The crudes were then tested for antioxidant 2,2-diphenyl-1-(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl)hydrazyl (DPPH) assay, α-glucosidase assay for anti-diabetic activity and [3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium] MTT Assay for cytotoxicity test. The results showed that bark ethanolic extract demonstrated the highest DPPH scavenging of 95.16% while other crudes were ranging from 92.77% to 94.55% scavenging of DPPH compared to ascorbic acid. The tuber ethyl acetate extract demonstrated the highest inhibition of α -glucosidase enzyme with 72.58% while other crudes were ranging from 63.27% to 72.46% inhibition. In addition, the ethanolic tuber extract exhibited the strongest cytotoxicity against Human colorectal Cancer (HT-29) and Cervical Cancer (HeLa) cell lines with the IC50 value of 16 µg/mL and 14 µg/mL respectively. Meanwhile, the ethanolic bark extract exhibited the strongest cytotoxicity against Human Breast Cancer (MCF-7) with IC50 value of 6.0µg/mL. Furthurmore, the tuber extracts contained the highest phenolic content with 1087mg GAE/ g extract compared to the leaves and barks of the plants. The findings suggest that the whole part of M. tuberosa is a potential natural source for anti-oxidative, anti-diabetic and anti-cancer agent.
The effect of pH and the process of direct or inverse synthesis of silicon-Substituted hydroxyapatite prepared by hydrolysis in aqueous medium
Authors: Dhouib Bochra , Jouini Noureddine , Karmous Farah , Brinza Ovidiu , Schoenstein Fréderic , El Feki Hafed 
Published: May 2018

Nanosized hydroxyapatite with silicon substitution Ca10(PO4)6−x(SiO4)x(OH)2−x□x (0 ≤ x ≤ 2) of same silicon concentrations, variation of pH and the method of inverse and direct synthesis were successfully prepared first time by the theoretical maximum of incorporation of Si into the hexagonal apatite structure by precipitation method aqueous. The effects of the Si substitution on crystallite size, particle size and morphology of the powders were investigated. The crystalline phase, microstructure, morphology and particle size of hydroxyapatite and silicon substituted hydroxyapatites were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), EDX coupled with SEM and transmission electron microscopy (TEM).The samples were successfully synthesized as a single-phase apatite, and crystallization of apatite was enhanced during heating. The results obtained in this study show that the kinetics between different direct and inverse process showed different reactivities, in the presence of varying pH. Compared with the two methods, the inverse method have higher kinetic in the formation of hydroxyapatite silicate because of the difference in lattice parameters. The grain size of Si-HA samples is clearly finer than that of pure HA sample and this decreases with increasing Si content. The growth of HA nanorods with temperature can be described by “oriented attachment”. According to this theory the adjacent HA crystallites would coalesce in one particular direction on the (1 1 0) high energy planes, creating templates to form elongated rod-like structure. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy analysis reveals, the silicon incorporation to hydroxyapatite lattice occurs via substitution of silicate groups for phosphate groups. Substitution of phosphate group by silicate in the apatite structure results in a increase in the lattice parameters in both a-axis and c-axis of the unit cell.
Ideias Malbathânicas na Educação Matemática do Brasil e da Colômbia
Authors: Espinosa Alfonso Jiménez , Lorenzato Sergio 
Published: May 2018

A data 6 de maio é oficialmente o Dia Nacional da Matemática no Brasil, em homenagem a Julio Cesar de Mello e Souza, também conhecido pelo pseudônimo Malba Tahan. Ela se justifica pela valiosa contribuição desse professor à Educação Matemática – não só a brasileira, conforme mostra este artigo que resume vida e obra de um engenheiro que optou pelo magistério e pela literatura. Em 50 anos publicou cerca de 120 livros: o mais vendido no Brasil, durante décadas, foi O homem que calculava, que atualmente está publicado em 17 países. Mas foi no Didática da Matemática que Julio Cesar registrou para a história da Educação, as características do ensino da Matemática da época, ressaltando o obsoleto, o inútil e o nocivo a serem eliminados. E mais: ele propôs, com clareza e competência, como tornar compreensível e interessante o ensino de importantes conteúdos curriculares tidos como difíceis e desmotivantes. As ideias e as propostas de Malba Tahan não chegaram, à época, até as salas de aula do Brasil e da Colômbia. No entanto, nas décadas seguintes, diretrizes governamentais desses países, dentre outros, as incorporaram e, atualmente, em muitas escolas ou em livros didáticos estão presentes, por exemplo: jogos, quebra-cabeças, paradoxos, ilusões de ótica, a descoberta, a experimentação, a formulação de problemas, a história da Matemática, a matemática útil, a beleza da matemática, como recomendava Malba Tahan. Este artigo mostra, assim, porque Julio Cesar de Mello e Souza foi um precursor da Educação Matemática, e não só no Brasil. No entanto, novos desafios se impõem à Educação Matemática no século XXI.
Komunikasi Politik Elit NU dan Muhammadiyah dalam Pilkada Kediri
Authors: Edwinarta Caesar Demas , Dwijayanti Rizkya 
Published: May 2018

This research seeks to analyze the political communication run by elite Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) and Muhammadiyah in the election of Mayor and Vice Mayor (Pilwali) Kediri Year 2013 ago. Organizationally, neither NU nor Muhammadiyah declared its involvement in the Kediri City Pilwali process. But personally, at the elite level, there is a role performed by each of these institutions. This study was studied using descriptive qualitative method with purposive selection technique of informant accompanied by triangulation of source as technique of examination of data validity. The political communication carried out by both NU and Muhammadiyah is a political communication based on the Pareto stratification which divides the community groups that have the advantage to govern and who have no advantages whatsoever. NU has an elite stratification consisting of elites who have the advantage to govern and represent by kyai and elite who have no superiority to govern by being described as NU daily administrators on the management of Tanfidziyah. While the majority of Muhammadiyah elites have the capability as an elite that has an advantage with consideration of the influence resulting from political communication conducted by the elites. The results of this study indicate that political communication that occurs is a representation of an elite circulation process that results in an elite shift as a form of elite substitute shrewdness in shifting the previous strong elite's position through shifting values by placing influential groups in political contestation as a group capable of transferring power of the previous group. Keywords: Nahdlatul Ulama, Muhammadiyah, Elit.
PENGEMBANGAN ATLIT DUDA (ATLAS INTERAKTIF HINDU BUDHA) DI NUSANTARA UNTUK MENINGKATKAN JIWA NASIONALISME PADA SISWA SMP KOTA MADIUN
Authors: Habsari Novi Triana 
Published: May 2018

<p>Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan jiwa nasionalisme pada siswa SMP Negeri 6 Kota Madiun melalui media Atlit Duda di Nusantara. Model pengembangan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah model pengembangan Research and Development (R&amp;D). Prosedur pengembangan menggunakan tahapan pengembangan produk, validasi, uji coba produk hingga<br />uji coba pada kelas yang lebih besar.Subyek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VII B yang berjumlah 25 siswa. Instrumen pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah lembar validasi dan lembar observasi siswa.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, pertama pada SMPN 6 Kota Madiun, proses belajar mengajar ips-sejarah belum maksimal. guru masih mengacu pada metode konvensional dan penggunaan media pembelajaran IPS belum maksimal. kedua hasil uji terbatas dan uji skala luas mendapatkan hasil yang cukup signifikan sebelum dan sesudah diterapkan media atlit duda (atlas interaktif hindu budha) di<br />nusantara. terbukti dengan perolehan nilai rata-rata kelas 75,28 meningkat menjadi 82,73 dengan nilai signifikannya 0,05. apabila perhitungan &lt;0,05 maka ditolak dan diterima, sehingga ada peningkatan yang signifikan antara nilai ips-sejarah sebelum dan setelah diterapkannya media atlit duda (Atlas Interaktif Hindu Budha) di nusantara. jiwa nasionalisme pada siswa setelah diterapkannya media atlit duda (atlas interaktif hindu budha) di Nusantara adalah 3,84 dengan kriteria sangat baik. dengan demikian, maka pengembangan atlit duda (Atlas Interaktif Hindu Budha) di Nusantara dapat meningkatkan jiwa nasionalisme pada siswa SMP Kota Madiun. </p>
KEMAMPUAN GURU DALAM ENGEMBANGKAN PERANGKAT PEMBELAJARAN IPS BERBASIS KARAKTER (STUDI PADA GURU SMP NEGERI 3 GEGER MADIUN)
Authors: Suharto Suharto 
Published: May 2018

<p> Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan mendeskripsikan kemampuan guru SMPN 3 Geger Kabupaten Madiun dalam mengembangkan perangkat pembelajaran IPS berbasis karakter. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Subjeknya guru IPS SMPN 3 Geger Madiun yang ditentukan dengan teknik <em>purposive sampling</em>. Data bersumber dari data primer dan data sekunder. Teknik pengambilan datanya dengan observasi, wawancara dan dokumen. Instrumen utama penelitian adalah peneliti sendiri. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan teknik deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan guru IPS: (1) kurang terampil dalam merancang perencanaan pembelajaran IPS yang bermuatan karakter dan menganggap pendidikan karakter tidak harus melalui proses belajar mengajar tetapi melalui program pembiasaan, (2) kurang terampil memilih, memanfaatkan dan mengembangkan metode, media, sumber belajar yang mendukung tujuan pembelajaran berbasis karakter, (3) guru kurang terampil dan belum memahami pengembangan dan penyusunan assesment berbasis karakter. Hal tersebut disebabkan oleh berbagai faktor, yaitu (1) belum dijabarkan nilai-nilai pada indikator dan disesuaikan dengan visi sekolah secara komprehensif, (2) pemahaman guru tentang nilai-nilai karakter masih belum tuntas.</p>
Allelopathy in native species of brazilian Savannah / Alelopatia em espécies nativas do Cerrado
Authors: Marchi Edilene Carvalho Santos , Marchi Giuliano , Sousa-Silva José Carlos , Ikeda Fernanda Satie , Fagg Christopher William 
Published: May 2018

Nesta revisão, estudos alelopáticos de 70 espécies nativas do Cerrado, distribuídas em 34 famílias e estudadas de 1992 até 2008 foram compiladas em uma lista. O Bioma Cerrado compreende várias paisagens distintas constituídas por diferentes fitofisionomias e é uma das biodiversidades mais ricas no mundo. Das 12.000 espécies lenhosas nativas do Cerrado, somente em uma pequena parte foram estudadas. Poucos aleloquímicos em folhas, flores, parte aérea e partes subterrâneas de espécies de plantas foram identificadas em dados restritos. Compostos isolados de poucas plantas foram mostrados em detalhes. A síntese desses compostos não foi utilizada para uso em controle de plantas daninhas e outros organismos. Futuros trabalhos poderiam ser direcionados para plantas estudadas e ainda não estudadas; a identificação de novos compostos e seu metabolismo; síntese e modo de ação daqueles compostos; efeitos na agricultura e no estabelecimento de plantas no Cerrado.

ABSTRACT
In this review, allelopathic studies of 70 species native from Cerrado, distributed in 34 families and studied from 1992 until late 2008, were compiled in a list. The Cerrado Biome comprises several distinct landscape areas constituted by different phytophysiognomies, and is the most biodiverse savanna in the world. From the 12.000 species native to Cerrado, only a small amount of species have been studied. Few allelochemicals in leaves, flowers, shoots, and subterranean parts of plant species were identified in the restricted data. Isolated compounds from a few plants were shown in detail. The synthesis of those compounds was not identified for use in comprehensive control of plants and other organisms. Future studies should be directed to unknown and better known plants; identification of new compounds and their metabolism; synthesis and mode of action of those new compounds; agriculture effects and Cerrado plants establishment.
DESAIN DAN SIMULASI TUNGKU BAKAR UNTUK PENGOLAHAN PASIR BESI MENJADI SPONGE IRON DENGAN TEKNOLOGI TUNNEL KILN = DESIGN AND SIMULATION OF FURNACE FOR FERRUGINOUS SAND TO BE SPONGE IRON PROCESS BY USING TUNNEL KILN TECHNOLOGY
Authors: Tambunan Barman , Supriyadi Cuk 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Ferruginous sand is one of the natural resources that are scattered acrossÂ Indonesia. Ferruginous sand is generally in the form of magnetite (Fe3O4)Â and hematite (Fe2O3) with a high content of impurities such as silica,Â alumina, and titanium oxide.To increase the value of Ferruginous sand, thisÂ study shows the stages of the process include mechanical beneficiationÂ process and reduction process by using Tunnel Kiln technology.To getÂ optimal production, carried out the Process design and simulation ofÂ combustion furnaces both structural and fluid flow of heat (CFD).This studyÂ used a sample of iron sand originating from the southern beach area of theÂ island of Java, that is from east Java (Lumajang),Central Java (Yogyakarta)Â and the west Java (Cipatujah).To determine the performance result of designÂ and simulation,have been done the actual reduction process by using theÂ combustion furnace according to the design. Performance results ofÂ reduction process to produce a finish Sponge Iron with increased Fe contentÂ of 51.72% to 78.79% with 36.68% metallization degree (Jogja samples) andÂ from 52.93% to 57.90% with 24.43% metallization degree (sampleÂ Lumajang). This results has prove that the furnace by using the Tunnel KilnÂ technology could increase the value of the ferruginous sand.
Â
Abstrak
Pasir besi merupakan salah satu potensi sumber daya alam yangÂ tersebar di wilayah Indonesia. Pasir besi umumnya berupa magnetiteÂ (Fe3O4) dan hematite (Fe2O3) dengan kandungan pengotor berupa silica,Â alumina, dan titanium oksida. Untuk menaikkan nilai pasir besi, penelitian iniÂ mengajukan tahapan proses antara lain proses benefisiasi dan prosesÂ reduksi menggunakan tungku bakar dengan teknologi Tunnel Kiln. UntukÂ mendapatkan proses reduksi yang optimal, dilakukan proses desain danÂ simulasi tungku bakar baik secara struktur maupun aliran fluida panasÂ (Computional Fluid Dynamics/CFD). Penelitian ini menggunakan sampelÂ pasir besi yang berasal dari kawasan pantai selatan pulau Jawa, yaitu JawaÂ bagian timur (lumajang), Jawa bagian tengah (Jogja) dan Jawa bagian BaratÂ (Cipatujah). Untuk mengetahui performa hasil desain dan simulasi, dilakukanÂ proses reduksi dengan menggunakan tungku bakar sesuai dengan desain.Â Performa hasil proses reduksi menghasilkan produk akhir Sponge IronÂ dengan kadar Fe 51.72% menjadi 78.79% dengan derajat metalisasi 36.68%Â (sampel Jogja) dan dari 52.93% menjadi 57.90% dengan derajat metalisasiÂ 24.43% (sampel Lumajang). Dari hasil tersebut membuktikan bahwa tungkuÂ bakar dengan teknologi Tunnel Kiln ini dapat meningkatkan nilai tambahÂ Pasir besi.
TITIK NOL KILOMETER KOTA YOGYAKARTA SEBAGAI RUANG TERBUKA PUBLIK DITINJAU DARI DIMENSI FUNGSIONAL, SOSIAL, DAN VISUAL
Authors: Kusumaning Wardhani Mustika 
Published: May 2018

Kota Yogyakarta dikenal sebagai kota dengan warisan kebudayaan yang kaya akan makna filosofi hidup bagi warga masyarakatnya. Salah satu bagian dari kebudayaan Jawa adalah kegiatan sosial masyarakatnya yang diwadahi pada ruang terbuka publik. Ruang publik adalah bagian dari unsur elemen yang menggambarkan citra perkotaan sebagai ruang interaksi sosial dan menjadi ikon sebuah kota. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui peran kawasan titik nol kilometer Kota Yogyakarta sebagai ruang terbuka publik ditinjau dari dimensi fungsi, dimensi sosial, dan dimensi visual. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu berupa deskriptif kualitatif dengan menjelaskan peran ruang terbuka publik dengan menggunakan analisa grafis. Hasil dari analisi menunjukkan bahwa kawasan titik nol kilometer merupakan ruang terbuka publik yang memuat berbagai macam kegiatan yang membentuk interaksi sosial penggunanya dari berbagai kalangan masyarakat. Sedangkan dari aspek dimensi fungsi, sosial, dan visual membentuk sense of place dengan karakter yang kuat, unik, dan khas. Kata Kunci: Ruang publik, Titik nol Kilometer Yogyakarta, Dimensi Perkotaan