bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Teburu—Open source 3D printable bioreactor for tissue slices as dynamic three‐dimensional cell culture models
Authors: Daneshgar Assal , Tang Peter , Remde Christopher , Lommel Michael , Moosburner Simon , Kertzscher Ulrich , Klein Oliver , Weinhart Marie , Pratschke Johann , Sauer Igor M. , Hillebrandt Karl H. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThree‐dimensional tissue cultures are important models for the study of cell‐cell and cell‐matrix interactions, as well as, to investigate tissue repair and reconstruction pathways. Therefore, we designed a reproducible and easy to handle printable bioreactor system (Teburu), that is applicable for different approaches of pathway investigation and targeted tissue repair using human tissue slices as a three‐dimensional cell culture model. Here, we definitively describe Teburu as a controlled environment to reseed a 500‐µm thick decellularized human liver slice using human mesenchymal stroma cells. During a cultivation period of eight days, Teburu, as a semi‐open and low consumption system, was capable to maintain steady pH and oxygenation levels. Its combination with additional modules delivers an applicability for a wide range of tissue engineering approaches under optimal culture conditions.
An innovative method to obtain porous porcine aorta scaffolds for tissue engineering
Authors: Liu Xiaohong , Cai Yang , Xia Cuiping , Wu Hao , Li Qin , Xu Zhiyun , Lu Fanglin 
Published: June 2019

AbstractDecellularized porcine aorta (PA) is a promising biomaterial for vascular substitutes. However, decellularized PAs suffer from mechanical weakness and have less pores, which limit cellular ingrowth into the grafts and hinder the remodeling. In this study, PAs were decellularized by vacuum‐freeze‐thawing cycles and 0.3% of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) buffer (VLS). Results showed that the application of vacuum‐freeze‐thawing significantly improved the decellularization efficiency of SDS while effectively preserved the mechanical function of PA tissues, decreased residual SDS, and minimized cytotoxicity. Furthermore, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) examination demonstrated that VLS generated interconnected pores with uniform distribution. In vivo subcutaneous implantation assay further demonstrated that VLS implants had less calcification and adverse inflammatory response. Moreover, VLS treatment markedly enhanced ingrowth of myofibroblasts and endothelial cells, and thereby promoted synthesis of extracellular matrix and vascularization. These results suggest that the application of vacuum‐freeze‐thawing into the decellularization process may produce a promising vascular graft candidate for tissue engineering application.
Quality factor based correction for SD‐OCT measurements in cataract patients
Authors: Darma Stanley , van den Berg Thomas J. T. P. , Kok Pauline H. B. , Hulsman Caroline A. , Mourits Maarten P. , Schlingemann Reinier O. , Verbraak Frank D. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractPurposeTo correct peripapillary retinal nerve fibre layer (pRNFL) measurements performed with spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD‐OCT) for low image quality factor (QF) in patients with cataract, using measurements before and after cataract surgery.MethodsSD‐OCT (Topcon 3DOCT‐2000) volume scans of the optic disc of 13 cataract patients were used. A set of three reflective filters with optical density ranging from 0.11 to 0.54 were used. The correlation was calculated between the change in thickness measurements and the change in image quality factor. Changes before and after cataract surgery were analysed. A correction for scans with a lower QF was calculated using an equation which was formulated based on the relationship between the change in thickness measurements and the change in image quality factor.ResultsThirteen right eyes of thirteen cataract patients were included in this study. pRNFL thickness measurements before and after cataract differed significantly (96 versus 99 micron, p < 0.01). Preoperative linear regression lines showed a different slope than postoperative regression lines. Corrected pRNFL thickness measurements of before cataract surgery differed significantly with pRNFL thickness measurements after cataract surgery.ConclusionsThe presence of cataract influences the QF‐pRNFL relationship. The lower the image QF, the higher the pRNFL thickness underestimation. We found a rather curvilinear relationship between QF and pRNFL. Our corrected measurements of the pRNFL thickness in case of lower image QF due to cataract still differed significantly from the pRNFL thickness measurements after cataract surgery.
The role of peer mindsets in students’ learning: An experimental study
Authors: Sheffler Pamela C. , Cheung Cecilia S. 
Published: June 2019

BackgroundResearch indicates that implicit theories of intelligence, specifically growth mindset, are conducive to students’ academic achievement and engagement. While much research has focused on the role of teachers and parents, it is unclear how implicit theories of intelligence operate in the peer context.AimsThis study examined the effects of peers’ mindsets on students’ learning outcomes. We predicted that participants surrounded by peers endorsing a growth mindset would show increased learning outcomes; in contrast, such outcomes would be dampened for individuals in a fixed mindset peer context. We also expected that perceptions of peers’ competence would serve as a mechanism underlying the effects of growth mindset.SampleA total of 134 undergraduate students (88 females) participated in the study. Students were of diverse ethnic background.MethodsParticipants were randomly assigned to one of two experimental conditions where they interacted with trained confederates who endorsed either a growth or fixed mindset viewpoint. Confederates were trained to include specific phrases regarding the nature of ability in a conversation they had with the participants. Participants subsequently completed a problem‐solving task and a survey.ResultsParticipants who interacted with peers endorsing a growth (vs. fixed) mindset viewpoint showed increased task value on the problem‐solving task. Perceptions of peers’ competence mediated the relationship between a growth mindset peer context and participants’ task value.ConclusionsFindings provide preliminary evidence that peer mindsets can influence individuals’ valuing of a task. As such, peers may be an important resource to be considered when designing growth mindset interventions.
Teachers' role in identifying young children at risk for developmental delay and disabilities: Usefulness of the Parents Evaluation of Developmental Status tool
Authors: Kiing Jennifer S.H. , Neihart Maureen , Chan Yiong‐Huak 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundIdentifying children with developmental delays and disabilities more effectively will require the participation of others such as preschool teachers who often have extended contact with the child in their first few years. We wished to determine how preschool teachers' reports of concerns compared with norming data from the Parents Evaluation of Developmental Status (PEDS).MethodsA total of 1,357 English responses from teachers of nine preschool centres were analyzed and matched with expected rates of concerns from the U.S. norming sample.ResultsThe preschool teachers' reporting of rates of concerns fell within the range of scores reported in norming studies from parent reports in the United States. Teachers were most concerned about children's language and behaviours.ConclusionsThe preschool teacher reports of concerns are similar to expected parents PEDS ratings in the United States. Preschool teachers can screen children's development. There may be a role for the PEDS to be used as a developmental screener by preschool teachers for monitoring of developmental status. Further studies on the PEDS are recommended in the Singapore context.
A qualitative investigation of families' needs in the transition to early intervention after diagnosis of hearing loss
Authors: Nickbakht Mansoureh , Meyer Carly , Scarinci Nerina , Beswick Rachael 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundFamilies of children with hearing loss must make a number of decisions during the transition from diagnosis of hearing loss to enrolment in early intervention and thus require a wealth of information and support. This study aimed to investigate families' needs during this period and explore how these needs might differ for families of children with hearing loss who have additional disabilities.MethodsAn exploratory qualitative study incorporating semistructured in‐depth interviews and thematic analysis was used. A total of 28 participants from two groups were involved: (a) family members of children with hearing loss (n = 17) and (b) professionals who support these families during the transition period from diagnosis of hearing loss to enrolment in early intervention (n = 11).ResultsAnalysis of qualitative data revealed four major themes: (a) families require information that meet their specific needs; (b) families require supportive professionals to “walk the journey” with them; (c) some families want to connect with other families who “are in the same boat”; and (d) professional support needs differ for children with hearing loss who have additional disabilities.ConclusionsFamilies and professionals in this study identified a wide range of family needs during the transition to early intervention. The results highlighted the importance of providing individualized services and considering families' needs when providing family‐centred services.
Multi‐representational convolutional neural networks for text classification
Authors: Jin Rize , Lu Liangfu , Lee Joomin , Usman Anwar 
Published: June 2019

AbstractVarious studies have demonstrated that convolutional neural networks (CNNs) can be directly applied to different levels of text embedding, such as character‐, word‐, or document‐levels. However, the effectiveness of different embeddings is limited in the reported result and there is a lack of clear guidance on some aspects of their use, including choosing the proper level of embedding and switching word semantics from one domain to another when appropriate. In this paper, we propose a new architecture of CNN based on multiple representations for text classification, by constructing multiple planes so that more information can be dumped into the networks, such as different parts of text obtained through named entity recognizer or part‐of‐speech tagging tools, different levels of text embedding, or contextual sentences. Various large‐scale, domain‐specific datasets are used to validate the proposed architecture. Tasks analyzed include ontology document classification, biomedical event categorization, and sentiment analysis, showing that multi‐representational CNNs, which learns to focus attention to specific representations of text, can obtain further gains in performance over state‐of‐the‐art deep neural network models.
Seasonal occurrence and abundance of dabbling ducks across the continental United States: Joint spatio‐temporal modelling for the GenusAnas
Authors: Humphreys John M. , Murrow Jennifer L. , Sullivan Jeffery D. , Prosser Diann J. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAimEstimating the distribution and abundance of wildlife is an essential task in species conservation, wildlife management and habitat prioritization. Although a host of methods and tools have been proposed to accomplish this undertaking, several challenges remain in accurately forecasting occurrence and abundance for highly mobile species. Exhibiting extensive geographic ranges with seasonally varying local occupancy, migratory ducks are exemplar highly mobile species and are foci for waterfowl conservation and management globally. With the goal of informing species conservation and management, our aim was to leverage citizen science data to estimate occurrence and relative abundance for ten dabbling duck species across the continental United States.LocationConterminous United States.MethodsWe applied spatially and temporally explicit Bayesian hierarchical modelling to jointly estimate season‐specific occurrence and relative abundance for ten dabbling duck species in the GenusAnas. Our conditionally dependent model design enabled relative abundance estimates to be informed by occurrence probability while accounting for cumulative spatial and temporal errors across shared model components.ResultsOutcomes suggest that although dabbling duck distributions show little inter‐annual variability at the continental scale, local relative abundances may differ year to year. Commensurate with being highly mobile migratory species, estimates indicate considerable intra‐annual variation with occurrence probability, local abundance and habitat preferences differing by season and species.Main conclusionsOur approach offers a powerful and flexible framework for quantifying intra‐/inter‐annual duck occurrence and relative abundance while accounting for spatial, temporal and data collection biases. We believe that model produced maps can be applied to inform waterfowl conservation and management throughout the continental United States.
Bone marrow WT1 levels in patients with myeloid neoplasms treated with 5‐azacytidine: Identification of responding patients
Authors: Santaliestra Marta , Garrido Ana , Carricondo Maite , Bussaglia Elena , Pratcorona Marta , Blanco Maria L. , Gich Ignasi , Hoyos Montserrat , Esquirol Albert , García‐Cadenas Irene , Brunet Salut , Martino Rodrigo , Sierra Jorge , Nomdedéu Josep F. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIntroductionIncreased levels of Wilms’ tumor (WT1) mRNA have been used to establish risk categories in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Raised values of WT1 have been associated with progression in myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS).MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the available bone marrow (BM) samples from 115 patients with myeloid neoplasms obtained before and during treatment with 5‐azacytidine. A threshold of 100 copies in BM was used to define risk groups: group 1: patients with WT1 levels always below < 100 copies; group 2: cases with initial WT1 levels greater than 100 copies but with a conversion to sustained levels below 100; and group 3: cases with follow‐up WT1 levels greater than 100.ResultsTwenty patients were included in group 1, 17 in group 2, and 78 in group 3. Survival analysis showed statistically significant differences in terms of OS between groups (p: 0.016). Patients in group 2 showed the best 5‐year overall survival (OS). In multivariate analysis, only the cytogenetic risk category and receiving an allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HCT) independently predicted the survival.ConclusionsFurther studies are needed to assess whether BM WT1 levels could be useful to predict the survival of patients with myeloid neoplasms treated with 5‐azacytidine.
A transcallosal fibre system between homotopic inferior frontal regions supports complex linguistic processing
Authors: Kellmeyer Philipp , Vry Magnus‐Sebastian , Ball Tonio 
Published: June 2019

AbstractInferior frontal regions in the left and right hemisphere support different aspects of language processing. In the canonical model, left inferior frontal regions are mostly involved in processing based on phonological, syntactic and semantic features of language, whereas the right inferior frontal regions process paralinguistic aspects like affective prosody. Using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI)‐based probabilistic fibre tracking in 20 healthy volunteers, we identify a callosal fibre system connecting left and right inferior frontal regions that are involved in linguistic processing of varying complexity. Anatomically, we show that the interhemispheric fibres are highly aligned and distributed along a rostral to caudal gradient in the body and genu of the corpus callosum to connect homotopic inferior frontal regions. In the light of converging data, taking previous DTI‐based tracking studies and clinical case studies into account, our findings suggest that the right inferior frontal cortex not only processes paralinguistic aspects of language (such as affective prosody), as purported by the canonical model, but also supports the computation of linguistic aspects of varying complexity in the human brain. Our model may explain patterns of right‐hemispheric contribution to stroke recovery as well as disorders of prosodic processing. Beyond language‐related brain function, we discuss how inter‐species differences in interhemispheric connectivity and fibre density, including the system we described here may also explain differences in transcallosal information transfer and cognitive abilities across different mammalian species.
Transient population dynamics impede restoration and may promote ecosystem transformation after disturbance
Authors: Shriver Robert K. , Andrews Caitlin M. , Arkle Robert S. , Barnard David M. , Duniway Michael C. , Germino Matthew J. , Pilliod David S. , Pyke David A. , Welty Justin L. , Bradford John B. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe apparent failure of ecosystems to recover from increasingly widespread disturbance is a global concern. Despite growing focus on factors inhibiting resilience and restoration, we still know very little about how demographic and population processes influence recovery. Using inverse and forward demographic modelling of 531 post‐fire sagebrush populations across the western US, we show that demographic processes during recovery from seeds do not initially lead to population growth but rather to years of population decline, low density, and risk of extirpation after disturbance and restoration, even at sites with potential to support long‐term, stable populations. Changes in population structure, and resulting transient population dynamics, lead to a > 50% decline in population growth rate after disturbance and significant reductions in population density. Our results indicate that demographic processes influence the recovery of ecosystems from disturbance and that demographic analyses can be used by resource managers to anticipate ecological transformation risk.
Catchment land cover influences macroinvertebrate food‐web structure and energy flow pathways in mountain streams
Authors: Estévez Edurne , Álvarez‐Martínez José Manuel , Álvarez‐Cabria Mario , Robinson Christopher T. , Battin Tom J. , Barquín José 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

Understanding how different food resources sustain stream food webs is fundamental towards increasing our knowledge on trophic structure and energy flow pathways in fluvial ecosystems.

Food webs in small mountain streams are sustained by autochthonous (instream primary production) and allochthonous (inputs from the terrestrial ecosystem) organic resources, with their relative importance highly dependent on catchment land cover.

This study aimed to understand how catchment land cover determines food resource type (autochthonous, allochthonous) and quantity in mountain streams, and how this affects energy flow pathways and food web structure. We hypothesised that food resource type and quantity would reflect catchment land cover. Thus, changes in food resources would lead to shifts in macroinvertebrate assimilation of autochthonous and allochthonous food resources and consequently in dominant energy flow pathways. We further hypothesised that changes in food resources will have strong effects on dominant feeding groups and community biomass distribution among taxa in food webs.

Energy flow pathways were quantified by combining macroinvertebrate biomass measures and assimilation of food resources estimated from δ2H and δ15N in 10 streams along a forest cover gradient, located in the Cantabrian Mountains (northern Spain).

Results showed that grassland/shrub dominated streams had a higher proportion autochthonous food resources and a lower proportion of allochthonous food resources, whereas forested streams showed the opposite pattern. Changes in food resources with forest cover resulted in shifts in food resource assimilation and dominant energy flow pathways. Forested streams were mainly sustained by allochthonous resources, while streams flowing through grassland/shrub landscapes were mostly sustained by autochthonous resources.

Food resource assimilation differed between feeding groups. Detritivores showed a fixed assimilation of allochthonous resources independent of resource quantity, while omnivore assimilation was determined by the dominant food resource. This was reflected in food‐web structure. There was an increase in detritivore biomass and conservation of omnivore biomass with increasing forest cover, leading to a more equal distribution of community biomass among macroinvertebrates comprising individual food webs.

The dependence of stream food webs on dominant food resources highlights the importance of catchment land cover in determining energy flow pathways and food web structure in low order mountain streams. These findings will improve our predictions on the effects of land cover change on the functioning of mountain stream ecosystems.
FAM48A mediates compensatory autophagy induced by proteasome impairment
Authors: Arata Yoshiyuki , Watanabe Ayaka , Motosugi Ryo , Iemura Shun‐ichiro , Natsume Tohru , Mukai Kojiro , Taguchi Tomohiko , Hirayama Shoshiro , Hamazaki Jun , Murata Shigeo 
Published: June 2019

AbstractMaintaining protein homeostasis is central to cell survival. The ubiquitin–proteasome system and autophagy play pivotal roles in protein quality control through protein degradation. Activities of these degradative pathways are carefully orchestrated, and autophagy is up‐regulated during proteasome dysfunction for cellular homeostasis. However, the mechanism by which proteasome impairment induces compensatory autophagy has remained largely elusive. Here, we show that FAM48A mediates autophagy induction during proteasome inhibition. FAM48A is degraded by the proteasome and accumulates in cells by proteasome inhibition. Knockdown of FAM48A led to defective induction of autophagy during proteasome inhibition and accompanied by defective localization of Atg9 on recycling endosomes. Our results indicate that FAM48A is a kind of sensor that is required for compensatory autophagy induction upon proteasome impairment.
Additive antidepressant‐like effects of fasting with β‐estradiol in mice
Authors: Wang Pu , Li Bingjin , Fan Jie , Zhang Kun , Yang Wei , Ren Bingzhong , Cui Ranji 
Published: June 2019

AbstractOur recent study has shown that acute fasting produces antidepressant‐like effects in male mice. However, there is little evidence regarding the antidepressant‐like effects of acute fasting in female mice. Moreover, it is not yet clear whether estrogen produces additive effects with acute fasting. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the antidepressant‐like effects of acute fasting plus estrogen treatment. In this study, the acute fasting produced antidepressant‐like effects in female mice and the antidepressant‐like effects of 9 hours fasting with those of β‐estradiol (E2) were additive. Activity of the cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) response element‐binding protein (CREB)‐brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) pathway in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampus (HP) was increased, as well as neurogenesis in the subgranular zone of the hippocampus. Serum ghrelin and estrogen were also increased by fasting plus E2. Furthermore, RNA‐seq analysis indicated that fasting and E2 co‐regulate similar gene expression pathways, underlying similar neurological functions. Taken together, these data suggest that E2 produces additive antidepressant‐like effects with fasting by activating the CREB‐BDNF pathway in the PFC and HP. Genome‐wide transcriptome mapping suggests that fasting may be used as an adjunct to estrogen replacement therapy for the treatment of depression associated with reduced estrogen function.