bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gaia Data Release 2
Authors: Holl B. , Audard M. , Nienartowicz K. , Jevardat de Fombelle G. , Marchal O. , Mowlavi N. , Clementini G. , De Ridder J. , Evans D. W. , Guy L. P. , Lanzafame A. C. , Lebzelter T. , Rimoldini L. , Roelens M. , Zucker S. , Distefano E. , Garofalo A. , Lecoeur-Taïbi I. , Lopez M. , Molinaro R. , Muraveva T. , Panahi A. , Regibo S. , Ripepi V. , Sarro L. M. , Aerts C. , Anderson R. I. , Charnas J. , Barblan F. , Blanco-Cuaresma S. , Busso G. , Cuypers J. , De Angeli F. , Glass F. , Grenon M. , Juhász Á. L. , Kochoska A. , Koubsky P. , Lanza A. F. , Leccia S. , Lorenz D. , Marconi M. , Marschalkó G. , Mazeh T. , Messina S. , Mignard F. , Moitinho A. , Molnár L. , Morgenthaler S. , Musella I. , Ordenovic C. , Ordóñez D. , Pagano I. , Palaversa L. , Pawlak M. , Plachy E. , Prša A. , Riello M. , Süveges M. , Szabados L. , Szegedi-Elek E. , Votruba V. , Eyer L. 
Published: July 2018

Context. The Gaia Data Release 2 (DR2) contains more than half a million sources that are identified as variable stars.
Aims. We summarise the processing and results of the identification of variable source candidates of RR Lyrae stars, Cepheids, long-period variables (LPVs), rotation modulation (BY Dra-type) stars, δ Scuti and SX Phoenicis stars, and short-timescale variables. In this release we aim to provide useful but not necessarily complete samples of candidates.
Methods. The processed Gaia data consist of the G, GBP, and GRP photometry during the first 22 months of operations as well as positions and parallaxes. Various methods from classical statistics, data mining, and time-series analysis were applied and tailored to the specific properties of Gaia data, as were various visualisation tools to interpret the data.
Results. The DR2 variability release contains 228 904 RR Lyrae stars, 11 438 Cepheids, 151 761 LPVs, 147 535 stars with rotation modulation, 8882 δ Scuti and SX Phoenicis stars, and 3018 short-timescale variables. These results are distributed over a classification and various Specific Object Studies tables in the Gaia archive, along with the three-band time series and associated statistics for the underlying 550 737 unique sources. We estimate that about half of them are newly identified variables. The variability type completeness varies strongly as a function of sky position as a result of the non-uniform sky coverage and intermediate calibration level of these data. The probabilistic and automated nature of this work implies certain completeness and contamination rates that are quantified so that users can anticipate their effects. Thismeans that even well-known variable sources can be missed or misidentified in the published data.
Conclusions. The DR2 variability release only represents a small subset of the processed data. Future releases will include more variable sources and data products; however, DR2 shows the (already) very high quality of the data and great promise for variability studies.
Schulterverletzungen: Risikoscreening und physiotherapeutische Intervention
Authors: Enzler Marcel 
Published: July 2018

ZusammenfassungSchulterverletzungen treten häufig bei Überkopfsportarten wie Handball, Volleyball und Tennis auf. Oft sind diese Verletzungen Folgen chronischer
Fehlbelastungen, die auf Bewegungseinschränkungen und Muskeldysbalancen zurückzuführen sind. Mit einem gezielten Risikoscreening kann man solche Ursachen
identifizieren und mit geeigneten Übungen das Verletzungsrisiko verringern.
Intensivpflege studieren?
Authors: Scheel Yanick-Daniel , Beister Bianca , Mann Marcel , Eggerer Andreas , Wortha-Hoyer Jenny , Pottkämper Karen 
Published: July 2018

ZusammenfassungEin neuer Studiengang für erweiterte klinische Pflege will seit Ende 2017 Studenten unter anderem in wissenschaftlichem Arbeiten qualifizieren. Doch warum
brauchen wir akademisierte Pflegekräfte am Bett überhaupt? Welche Kompetenzen haben sie nach dem Studium? Und was sagen die Studierenden selbst zu dem neuen
Studiengang? Die Autoren, selbst Studierende des neuen Studiengangs, haben die Studiengangsleitung der Akkon Hochschule, Karen Pottkämper, sowie einige
Kommilitonen dazu befragt. Und Jenny Wortha-Hoyer, stellvertretende Pflegedirektorin der Charité, beschreibt aus Sicht des Krankenhauses ihre Vorstellung vom
Studiengang und schildert, welche Kompetenzen die Absolventen erlangen sollen.
Comparison of Three D-Dimer Assays for the Diagnosis of DVT: ELISA, Latex and an Immunofiltration Assay (NycoCard D-Dimer)
Authors: Dale Siri , Gogstad Geir O , Brosstad Frank , Godal Hans C , Holtlund Jostein , Mørk Einar , Brandsnes Øystein , Borch Stig M 
Published: July 2018

SummaryNinety-two consecutive patients referred for suspicion of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) were analyzed for D-dimer using ELISA, latex test, and a new immunofiltration method (NycoCard D-Dimer). Contrast venography verified the diagnosis in 40, and excluded the diagnosis in 52 patients. The sensitivity, negative predictive values, specificity and positive predictive values were, for ELISA 98%, 95%, 38% and 54, for NycoCard D-Dimer 100%, 100%, 42% and 57% and for the latex test 73%, 78%, 75%, and 69%, respectively. Sensitivity and specificity were inversely related with increasing pathological cutoff value. Comparison of test results by concentration category revealed a good agreement between ELISA and NycoCard D-Dimer, but to less extent between latex and the two other tests. It is concluded that NycoCard D-Dimer and D-dimer ELISA are well-suited as exclusion tests for DVT. A plasma sample is tested with NycoCard D-Dimer in less than 2 min. Thus, this test combines advantageous analytical properties comparable to the ELISA-test, with rapidity and simplicity comparable to the latex test.
Multicentric Evaluation of a New PT Reagent Based on Recombinant Human Tissue Factor and Synthetic Phospholipids
Authors: Bader R , Mannucci P M M , Tripodi A , Hirsh J , Keller F , Solleder E M , Hawkins P , Peng M , Pelzer H , Teijidor L M , Ramirez I F , Kolde H-J 
Published: July 2018

SummaryA new PT reagent based on recombinant human tissue factor and synthetic phospholipids (phosphatidyl choline and phosphatidyl serine) with defined fatty acid side chains was calibrated against BCT/253 and CRM 149R. A small but consistent bias in the International Sensitivity Index (ISI) value was obtained using either the human or rabbit brain reference material. ISI values were around 1.0 or slightly lower depending on the respective instrument. Mixing studies with factor deficient plasmas showed a high factor sensitivity especially for factor VII as compared to commercial rabbit brain or human placenta thromboplastin. In an international field trial the reagent was tested using fully or semi automated Electra™ coagulometers in 4 different laboratories. Results with normal samples were in excellent agreement among the different laboratories. Mean values were 10.9, 10.9, 11.0, 11,7 s with a range of 9.5 to 12.5 s. Results of males and females were not different. In patients with liver disease very similar PT activities were found as compared to sensitive rabbit brain or human placental thromboplastins. In normals and patients with oral anticoagulation INR values correlated very well against BCT (r = 0.98, regression line y =-0.07 + 0.9 x). The distribution of samples was linear over the whole range. In the comparison against sensitive rabbit brain thromboplastin or human placental thromboplastin similar correlations were found. In a few cases higher INR values were observed for the recombinant reagent especially in patients with intensive treatment. Factor assays in those patients showed at least the strong reduction of one vitamin Independent coagulation factor. Over all the linearity was better against the rabbit brain reagent than against the human placental reagent which is slightly less factor VII sensitive as shown in mixing studies with normal and factor VII deficient plasma. Precision studies in the 4 laboratories showed excellent reproducibility of lyophilised controls or local patient plasma pools for all reagents with a better performance of the recombinant reagent. C. V. values from day to day ranged from 1.3% to 5% for normal and abnormal controls.These results show that the recombinant PT reagent, especially in conjunction with a precise automated instrument, may improve the results of PT testing and thus may lead to better patient care.
Refold and Characterization of Recombinant Tissue Factor Pathway Inhibitor Expressed in Escherichia coli
Authors: Diaz-Collier Judy A , Palmier Mark O , Kretzmer Kuniko K , Bishop Bruce F , Combs Rodney G , Obukowicz Mark G , Frazier Ronald B , Bild Gary S , Joy William D , Hill Steven R , Duffin Kevin L , Gustafson Mark E , Junger Kurt D , Grabner Roy W , Galluppi Gerald R , Wun Tze-Chein 
Published: July 2018

SummaryHuman tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) was expressed in E. coli as a non-glycosylated protein with an additional alanine attached to the aminoterminus of the wild type molecule. High-level expression was obtained with pMON6875, a plasmid containing a tac promoter, Gene 10 leader from bacteriophage T7, methionine-alanine-TFPI coding sequence, and the p22 transcriptional terminator. In this system, TFPI accounted for about 5-10% of the total cell protein. The inclusion bodies containing TFPI were sulfitolyzed, purified by anion-exchange chromatography, refolded through a disulfide interchange reaction, and further fractionated by Mono S cation exchange chromatography. The Mono S resin resolved a peak of highly active TFPI from relatively inactive and possibly misfolded molecules. The E. coli TFPI was shown to be about two-fold more active, on a molar basis, than full- length human SK hepatoma TFPI in a tissue factor-induced clotting assay in human plasma.
Prevention of Intra-Coronary Thrombosis in the Anaesthetised Dog: The Importance of Thromboxane A2 and Thrombin
Authors: White Brian P , Sullivan Andrew T , Lumley Philip 
Published: July 2018

SummaryVapiprost (GR32191, a TxA2 antagonist), r-hirudin, aspirin, ticlopidine and aspirin plus ticlopidine were examined for their ability to prevent electrically-induced thrombosis in an artifically stenosed coronary artery in the anaesthetised dog. Drugs or vehicle were administered prior to a 2 h period of electrical damage which was followed by a further 2 h observation period. In all vehicle-treated animals, blood flow markedly declined with onset of the damaging current; 80% completely occluded. All treatments reduced the incidence of complete occlusion to a similar extent. Vapiprost and r-hirudin also largely prevented the decline in blood flow both during and following the damage period whilst aspirin and ticlopidine, either alone or in combination were much less effective. With r-hirudin treatment, marked cyclic changes in flow occurred throughout the experiment; these were abolished by administration of vapiprost. In this dog model, TxA2 and thrombin appear to work in concert to produce coronary thrombosis, ADP being of minor importance. The superior effect ol vapiprost over aspirin suggests a beneficial role for endogenous prostacyclin.
Expression of a Paternal History of Premature Myocardial Infarction on Fibrinogen, Factor VIIC and PAI-1 in European Offspring - The EARS Study
Authors: Bara L , Nicaud V , Tiret L , Cambien F , Samama M M ,   On behalf of the EARS group
Published: July 2018

SummaryTo assess the role of genetic and environmental factors in the predisposition to atherosclerosis, 682 students whose father had suffered a myocardial infarction before the age of 55 (“cases”) and 1312 controls matched for age and sex, were recruited from 14 Universities in Europe. Fibrinogen, factor Vile and PAI-1 were compared between cases and controls across European regions. Fibrinogen and factor Vile were positively correlated with BMI, smoking and contraception. PAI-1 was positively and independently correlated with BMI and waist-to-hip ratio, and negatively with contraception. Factor Vile and PAI-1 were correlated with cholesterol and triglycerides, and fibrinogen was weakly correlated with LDL-cholesterol. After adjustment for covariates and lipids, fibrinogen level was significantly higher in male cases than in controls (2.38 vs 2.29, p <0.01). No such difference was found in females (2.59 vs 2.57 - NS). There was no significant case/control difference for factor Vile and PAI-1. These results support the hypothesis that fibrinogen is a transmissible risk factor of coronary artery disease in males. No such evidence was provided for factor Vile and PAI-1.
New Immunocapture Enzyme (ICE) Assay for Quantification of Cancer Procoagulant Activity: Studies of Inhibitors
Authors: Mielicki Wojciech P , Tagawa Maureen , Gordon Stuart G 
Published: July 2018

SummaryA new, sensitive and specific immunocapture enzyme (ICE) assay for quantitation of the enzymatic activity of cancer procoagulant (CP) has been developed. The assay had good reproducibility (inter- and intra-assay CV were 6.4% and 5.7% respectively) and was linear for concentrations of CP from 0.5 μg/ml to 10 μg/ml (r2 = 0.995). Using this assay the inhibition of CP by iodoacetamide, mercuric chloride, E-64, leupcptin and antipain was demonstrated. There was no significant effect of cystatin and natural plasma proteinase inhibitors α1-antitrypsin, α1-antichymotrypsin, α2-macroglobulin and antithrombin-III/heparin, on the activity of the CP.
Radiolabeled r-Hirudin as a Measure of Thrombin Activity at, or within, the Rabbit Aorta Wall In Vitro and In Vivo
Authors: Hatton Mark W C , Ross-Ouellet Bonnie 
Published: July 2018

SummaryThe behavior of 125I-labeled recombinant hirudin towards the uninjured and de-endothelialized rabbit aorta wall has been studied in vitro and in vivo to determine its usefulness as an indicator of thrombin activity associated with the aorta wall. Thrombin adsorbed to either sulfopropyl-Sephadex or heparin-Sepharose bound >95% of 125I-r-hirudin and the complex remained bound to the matrix. Binding of 125I-r-hirudin to the exposed aorta subendothelium (intima-media) in vitro was increased substantially if the tissue was pre-treated with thrombin; the quantity of l25I-r-hirudin bound to the de-endothelialized intima-media (i.e. balloon-injured in vitro) correlated positively with the quantity of bound 131I-thrombin (p <0.01). Aortas balloon-injured in vivo were measured for thrombin release from, and binding of 125I-r-hirudin to, the de-endothelialized intimal surface in vitro; 125I-r-hirudin binding correlated with the amount of active thrombin released (p <0.001). Uptake of 125I-r-hirudin by the aorta wall in vivo was proportional to the uptake of 131I-fibrinogen (as an indicator of thrombin activity) before and after balloon injury. After 30 min in the circulation, specific 125I-r-hirudin binding to the uninjured and de-endo- thelialized (at 1.5 h after injury) aorta wall was equivalent to 3.4 (± 2.5) and 25.6 (±18.1) fmol of thrombin/cm2 of intima-media, respectively. Possibly, only hirudin-accessible, glycosaminoglycan-bound thrombin is measured in this way.
Whole Blood Clot Lysis: Enhanced by Exposure to Autologous but not to Homologous Plasma
Authors: Beer J H , Kläy H P , Herren T , Haeberli A , Straub P W 
Published: July 2018

SummaryA new phenomenon is described: Whole blood clots lyse faster in the plasma of the same donor than in another donor’s plasma. We have confirmed this finding in 68 healthy volunteers by a standardized, pairwise analysis and have found a mean difference in clot weights of 8.8 ± 0.99% (SEM, p<0.0001) after 6 h of urokinase-induced (200 U/ml) clot lysis. Nu difference was found in a group of 7 pairs of identical twins. Further analysis revealed that increasing concentrations of platelets in the plasma reduced the difference significantly but did not abolish it. A 1:1 mixture of autologous with homologous plasma reduced the autologous advantage by almost 50%, thus making an inhibitor unlikely. The absence of cellular components in clots of platelet- poor plasma resulted in the loss of the advantage after 2 h of lysis, but not in the early phase. We conclude that there is a clear advantage of autologous over homologous clot lysis. Potential mechanisms are discussed and include an increased affinity of enzymes for their substrates in a given individual.
Effect of Human IgG Antiphospholipid Antibodies on an In Vivo Thrombosis Model in Mice
Authors: Pierangeli Silvia S , Barker John H , Stikovac Dejzi , Ackerman Douglas , Anderson Gary , Barquinero Jordi , Acland Robert , Nigel Harris E 
Published: July 2018

SummaryHigh levels of IgG antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) have been associated with clinical thrombosis. It is uncertain however whether these antibodies play a direct role in thrombosis or are merely epiphenomena. To investigate whether antiphospholipid antibodies might play a role in thrombosis, we utilized a novel mouse model in which the dynamics of in vivo thrombosis can be studied. CD1 mice (26-30 g) were passively immunized with 25 mg of human IgG from a patient with the Antiphospholipid Syndrome (IgG-APS) (n = 17), IgG from normal pooled sera (TgG-NHS) (n = 9). or saline solution (n = 17), followed by 40 mg of the same preparations at 48 h. At 72 h, levels of human aPL antibodies, detected using the anticardiolipin ELISA test (aCL ELISA test), in mice immunized with IgG-APS, were 50-100 GPL units. Each animal was anesthetized, femoral vein minimally mobilized and subjected to a standardized “pinch” injury to induce thrombosis. The vessel was transilluminated using acrylic optical fibers connected to a light source, and clot formation and dissolution were visualized by a standard surgical microscope equipped with a video camera, video recorder, and computer assisted analysis system. Results showed that average clot size was significantly larger in mice immunized with IgG-APS compared to those treated with saline (p <0.037). In addition, the thrombus persisted longer in a significantly higher number of mice immunized with IgG-APS (10/17) compared to mice immunized with IgG-NHS (1/9) or saline (2/12) (p <0.02). These data suggest that IgG-APS may play a role in thrombus formation in humans. In addition, this study shows the feasibility of using this in vivo murine thrombus model for study of the effects of aPL antibodies.
Haemostatic Activation before and after Surgery in Patients with and without Gastric Malignancy
Authors: Rahr H B , Sørensen J V , Larsen J F , Svendsen Jensen F , Bredahl C , Nieuwenhuizen W 
Published: July 2018

SummaryPre- and postoperative plasma levels of Prothrombin Fragment 1 + 2 (F1+2), Thrombin-antithrombin III complex (TAT), Fibrinopeptide A (FpA), Fibrin and Fibrinogen Degradation Products (FbDP, FgDP) and Soluble Fibrin (SF) were measured in 40 patients undergoing gastric surgery in order to compare patients operated for benign (n = 21) and malignant (n = 19) disease. Plasma levels of F1+2, TAT, FbDP and SF on the first postoperative day were significantly higher than before operation. F1+2 and FbDP levels were further increased one week after surgery, at which time FgDP levels were also higher than preoperatively. A significant postoperative increase in FpA levels was found only in patients with malignant disease. When age was taken into consideration, significant differences between patients with and without malignancy were found only in the late postoperative period, as cancer patients had higher FpA and FbDP levels one week after surgery and higher FbDP levels one month after discharge from hospital.
Molecular Basis of Antithrombin Type I Deficiency: The First Large In-frame Deletion and Two Novel Mutations in Exon 6
Authors: Emmerich J , Chadeuf G , Alhenc-Gelas M , Gouault-Heilman M , Toulon P , Fiessinger J N , Aiach M 
Published: July 2018

SummaryWe report three novel mutations accounting for cases of inherited type I antithrombin (AT) deficiency. Using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and direct sequencing of the coding sequences of the AT gene, we found one mutation in exon 4 and two in exon 6. A deletion of 105 bp causing an in-frame deletion of 35 amino acids between Tyr 240 and Gly 276 was found in exon 4. In a second kindred, deletion of two adenines in codon 412-413 introduced a frameshift and a stop codon at position 431. The last mutation was an insertion of ACCG in codon 387, generating a frameshift with a stop codon located at the normal position.The finding of a sequence repeat of nine residues located at the 5’and 3’ ends of the deleted fragment might explain the 105 bp deletion by slippage and mispairing at the replication fork during DNA synthesis. The second mutation is the fourth described within a region of six amino acids (between Phe 408 and Arg 413), which seems to be a cluster of mutations. In this case, the presence of a double repeat sequence - TTCCT and AACA - flanking this region could be particularly favorable for slipped mispairing.These results confirm that human gene mutations are not random events but are strongly influenced by DNA flanking sequences.
Both Fish Oil and Olive Oil Lowered Plasma Fibrinogen in Women with High Baseline Fibrinogen Levels
Authors: Oosthuizen W , Vorster H H , Jerling J C , Barnard H C , Smuts C M , Silvis N , Kruger A , Venter C S 
Published: July 2018

SummaryThis double-blind, cross-over study with olive oil as placebo, examined the effect of a daily dosage of 6 g fish oil on cardiovascular risk markers of 20 healthy young volunteers (10 men, 10 women). Serum lipids and lipoproteins, and plasma coagulation and fibrinolytic enzymes, including fibrinogen concentrations and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) activity were measured at baseline and after 6-week supplementation of either fish or olive oil. The results showed that fish oil had an independent lowering effect on triglycerides and coagulation factors Vc and VIIc. Both fish and olive oil significantly raised PAI-1 levels and lowered plasma factor Xc and fibrinogen levels in the women, who had higher initial levels than the men. Mean fibrinogen levels of the women were lowered from 3.23 ± 0.98 to 2.64 ± 0.55 g/1 and from 3.19 ± 0.72 to 2.66 ± 0.49 g/1 by fish and olive oil respectively. This study raises the question whether a particular fatty acid or group of fatty acids, or another constituent of the oil such as vitamin E may be responsible for the fibrinogen lowering effect.
Characterization of a Novel Streptokinase Produced by Streptococcus equisimilis of Non-Human Origin
Authors: Nowicki Stephen T , Minning-Wenz Dena , Johnston Kenneth H , Lottenberg Richard 
Published: July 2018

SummaryStreptokinases are proteins with plasminogen activator activity produced by certain hemolytic streptococci. We previously identified equine streptococcal isolates which produced streptokinases (ESKs) that bound both human and equine plasminogen but only readily activated equine plasminogen (14). This property was exploited to purify a representative ESK produced by Streptococcus equisimilis strain 87-542-W. Affinity chromatography with human plasminogen resulted in the isolation of a M~49,000 molecule with two isoforms. This ESK was subsequently compared to well characterized streptokinases (HSKs) that efficiently activate human plasminogen. Differences in streptokinases were identified in the highly conserved amino-terminal amino acid sequence, peptide maps, and antigenic properties, and these differences were supported by DNA hybridization studies. These results indicate that the family of proteins identified as streptokinases has much greater diversity than previously appreciated.