bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ethogram of the endangered Great-Billed Seed-Finch, Sporophila maximiliani (Cabanis, 1851) (Thraupidae: Passeriformes), based on captive-born individuals
Authors: SANTOS GABRIELA SALES DOS , LEAL LARA LOUREDO , DE MELO-XIMENES AMANDA ALVES , BAPTISTA LUIZ ALFREDO MARTINS LOPES , NOMURA FAUSTO 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Knowing the behavioral repertoire of a species is essential for in-depth research, especially for critically endangered species that depend on conservation efforts to avoid its extinction. In addition, knowledge of a species’ behavior is essential for promoting its welfare under captive conditions. For example, endangered species that are to be reintroduced into the wild must be kept in captivity for rehabilitation and health assessment prior to release. The Great-billed Seed-finch, Sporophila maximiliani (Cabanis, 1851), is a critically endangered passerine, but we have a limited understanding of its behavior. Although rare in the wild, the species is commonly bred in captivity and these individuals are used to re-establish wild populations. Here, we provide the first description of the ethogram of captive-born individuals of S. maximiliani. We expect this to aid in the rehabilitation of individuals destined for reintroduction projects and the conservation of wild populations of the species. We described twenty-three behaviors, mainly distributed in the categories of maintenance, locomotion and alertness. We did not observe any abnormal behaviors, such as stereotyped behaviors, which is a positive signal for the welfare of these individuals. Also, the large number of alert behaviors observed is indicative of the reactivity of these individuals to their immediate environment, which is desirable for individuals to be released into the wild.
Rapid population collapse of the native avifauna of Kauaʻi
Authors: Hunt Noah , Crampton Lisa , Winter Tyler , Alexander Jack , Gilb Roy , Camp Richard 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Hawaiʻi hosts one of Earth’s most unique and threatened avifaunas. Of the 13 historic Kauaʻi forest bird species, 8 remain, and these only on the ʻAlakaʻi Plateau (maximum elevation 1,598m). Once a high-elevation refugium from mosquito-vectored avian malaria, it is now a disease transmission zone facilitated by climate change. We report the updated status and trends of Kauaʻi forest bird populations from the latest (2023) to the original (1981) Hawaiʻi Forest Bird Surveys using distance sampling. We fit detection functions to species-specific count data, including necessary covariates or adjustment terms, to model densities and abundances, with bootstrapping to obtain variances. We stratified estimates across the Interior (since 1981) and Exterior (since 2000) survey areas, and between low (900-1100m), medium (1100-1300m) and high (>1300m) elevation bands (since 2000). Log-linear trends of ʻakekeʻe, ʻanianiau, ʻiʻiwi, and Kauaʻi ʻamakihi steeply declined over the time series, with extinction of ʻakekeʻe and ʻiʻiwi expected by 2050. Undetected in 2023, ʻAkikiki were excluded from this analysis. ʻApapane, Kauaʻi ʻelepaio, Chinese hwamei, and white-rumped shama were stable overall. Northern cardinal steadily declined, whereas Japanese bush warbler and warbling white-eye exponentially increased. Examining alpha and Shannon diversity revealed that species richness decreased overall from 1981-2023. Therefore, introduced species cannot compensate for the Alakaʻi Plateau’s continued and imminent biodiversity casualties likely resulting from avian malaria. Future monitoring will be critical to evaluate forest bird population responses to mosquito control using the incompatible insect technique, scheduled for 2025.
Research on Spatial Downscaling Surrogate Model of Landscape Evolution Numerical Simulation
Authors: Hou Runzepu , Zeng Xiankui , Wang Dong , Wu Jichun 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Large-scale watershed landscape evolution numerical simulations face computational challenges. While surrogate models help reduce computation time, they rarely address storage issues from grid subdivisions. In this study, spatial downscaling surrogate models for landscape evolution using eight types of machine learning methods (a total of thirty algorithms) were developed. With the Tarim River Basin in China as a case study, the performance of these surrogate models was systematically evaluated. Additionally, the landscape evolution and river channel migration under four future climate scenarios were predicted based on the best-performing surrogate model, and the contributions of influencing factors to landscape evolution were also quantified. The results showed that spatial downscaling surrogate model based on the fine Gaussian support vector machine method performed the best, with root mean square error less than 0.04 m and correlation coefficient greater than 0.93 when compared to the original model. During the period from 2021 to 2100, the elevation increases area were primarily observed near slopes and river channels, while decreases occurred in plains and basins, with elevation changes mainly ranging from -0.4 m to 1.1 m. River channel migration was concentrated in downstream plains, showing high sensitivity to climate change, with migration distances exceeding 15 km for both the Tarim River and the Qarqan River. The key factors influencing elevation changes are initial elevation, bedrock weathering rate, and tectonic uplift rate. The proposed method effectively resolves computational challenges in landscape evolution simulations, enhancing the feasibility of quantitative research on large-scale watershed evolution and river channel migration.
A Subsampling Based Neural Network for Spatial Data
Authors: Thakur Debjoy 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The application of deep neural networks in geospatial data has become a trending research problem in the present day. A significant amount of statistical research has already been introduced, such as generalized least square optimization by incorporating spatial variance-covariance matrix, considering basis functions in the input nodes of the neural networks, and so on. However, for lattice data, there is no available literature about the utilization of asymptotic analysis of neural networks in regression for spatial data. This article proposes a consistent localized two-layer deep neural network-based regression for spatial data. We have proved the consistency of this deep neural network for bounded and unbounded spatial domains under a fixed sampling design of mixed-increasing spatial regions. We have proved that its asymptotic convergence rate is faster than that of [1]'s neural network and an improved generalization of [2]'s neural network structure. We empirically observe the rate of convergence of discrepancy measures between the empirical probability distribution of observed and predicted data, which will become faster for a less smooth spatial surface. We have applied our asymptotic analysis of deep neural networks to the estimation of the monthly average temperature of major cities in the USA from its satellite image. This application is an effective showcase of non-linear spatial regression. We demonstrate our methodology with simulated lattice data in various scenarios.
Geophysical products derived using Ocean Colour Monitor (OCM) on board EOS-06
Authors: Gupta Anurag , Ganguly Debojyoti , Ali Syed Moosa , Babu K. N. , Raman Mini , Thapliyal Pradeep Kumar , Sharma Rashmi 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

ocean colour radiometry at top of the atmosphere manifests the contribution of water leaving radiance with the response of absorption and scattering due to gaseous molecules and particles present in the atmosphere. Modulation of light with phytoplankton pigment concentration, total suspended matter, its vertical attenuation coefficients results in the spectral variation of remote sensing reflectances. Retrieval of remote sensing reflectance with an assumption of dark pixel approximation at NIR channels in OCM-3 works very well using well-known radiative transfer model while the same approach misleads the retrievals over optically turbid waters. To address this matter, the SWIR band with NIR is paired to overcome the retrieval of optical radiometry basically in blue channels as well. Ocean Colour Monitor (OCM) on board EOS − 06 was launched on Nov 26, 2022 with 13 bands in VNIR (400–1010 nm range) with ~ 1500 km swath for ocean colour monitoring. It is operated in two modes such as a) Local Area Coverage (LAC) mode, to cater mainly for user’s real-time requirement of high resolution data (366 m). b) Global Area Coverage (GAC) mode, to cover the global ocean at regular cycles in low resolution mode (1.1 km). It is ready to cater the global needs like potential fishing zones, harmful algal blooms, coastal monitoring system and all related to marine ecosystems as well. Arabian Sea near Gujarat coast is chosen as our study site to showcase the geophysical products derived using OCM-3 onboard EOS-06.
Assessment of metabolic markers of cardiorenal disorders in patients with arterial hypertension and metabolic syndrome
Authors: Vlasova V. P. , Seskina A. A. , Myshkina N. A. 
Published: November 2024

Introduction. Cardiorenal disorders (CRN) in arterial hypertension (AH) occur with interdependent dysfunction of the cardiovascular and renal systems. The concept of cardio-reno-metabolic health (CRMH) defines a dependent relationship between the clinical and pathogenetic manifestations of heart and kidney diseases in patients with metabolic disorders (MN).Aim. To study the metabolic markers of CRN in patients with hypertension and in combination with metabolic syndrome (MS).Materials and methods. The functions of the heart, kidneys, and lipid profile were studied in patients aged 40 to 69 years with hypertension and with hypertension in combination with MS.Results. The average eGFR values (estimated glomerular filtration rate) based on cystatin C are 53,5% lower than those based on creatinine (p = 0.0001). Patients with hypertension combined with MS were 42.7% more likely to have chronic kidney disease (CKD) C3aA2, 21.2% more likely to have C3bA2; the level of highly sensitive C–reactive protein (hs-CRP) was 42.8% higher compared with patients with hypertension without MN (p = 0.0001). Cystatin C values positively correlate with systolic blood pressure (SAD); eGFR has a negative association with SAD in both groups (p < 0.05). The presence of chronic heart failure with a low ejection fraction (CHF) in combination with chronic kidney disease (CKD) with moderate (C3a A2) and significantly reduced (C3b A2) renal function allows us to state the presence of CRN in 13.3% of patients with hypertension and in 17.7% of patients with hypertension combined with MS (p = 0.0001). Dyslipidemia and atherogenic lipid levels are 122% higher in patients with hypertension combined with MS, hyperlipoproteinemia (a) is 79% more common in patients with CRN on the background of MN (p = 0.0001).Conclusion. Elevated lipoprotein (a) (LP (a)) concentrations and dyslipidemia in patients with hypertension are associated with cardiorenal and metabolic disorders.
Atrial fibrillation and multimorbidity: How to choose the perfect direct oral anticoagulant?
Authors: Ostroumova O. D. , Dubinina A. V. , Telkova S. S. , Kochetkov A. I. , Gavrilova N. E. , Ebzeeva E. Yu. , Arablinskiy A. V. , Milovanova O. A. 
Published: November 2024

Atrial fibrillation is one of the most common tachyarrhythmias, the prevalence of which is steadily increasing due to an increase in the proportion of the elderly population. The presence of a comorbidities in elderly patients with atrial fibrillation, increasing the risk of thromboembolic events, has a significant impact on the clinical strategy of atrial fibrillation, as well as on the choice of therapeutic tactics, especially anticoagulant therapy with proven efficacy and low risk of bleeding. One of the most common concomitant diseases in patients with atrial fibrillation are chronic kidney disease, anemia and coronary artery disease. These comorbidities in patients with atrial fibrillation not only increase the risk of stroke and/or systemic embolism, but are also accompanied by an increased risk of cardiovascular mortality, all causes mortality, and hemorrhagic events. At the same time, according to research data, about half of polymorbid patients with atrial fibrillation do not receive anticoagulant therapy, which indicates a low awareness of physicians about rational pharmacotherapy based on clinical recommendations for this cohort of patients. The drug of choice with the most studied safety profile and a high degree of efficacy in these patients is apixaban from the group of direct oral anticoagulants. Unlike vitamin K antagonists and other representatives of direct oral anticoagulants, apixaban, according to the conducted studies, is associated with a more significant reduction in the risk of thromboembolic events, and most importantly, has a lesser effect on the risks of bleeding in patients, predisposing to hemorrhagic complications, with atrial fibrillationand concomitant coronary artery disease, anemia, chronic kidney disease.
Role of physical training in cardiac rehabilitation in patients with congestive heart failure and type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Sinkova M. N. , Isakov L. K. , Plotnikova E. Yu. , Barbarash O. L. 
Published: November 2024

Introduction. Currently, the effectiveness of cardiac rehabilitation of patients with comorbid CHF using physical training when prescribing optimal drug therapy, including SGLT2 drugs, has not been studied.Aims. To study the effect of controlled physical training on the quality of life and prognosis of patients with CHF comorbid with type 2 diabetes mellitus against the background of rational pharmacotherapy.Materials and methods. The study included 74 patients with CHF against the background of type 2 diabetes mellitus, receiving optimal drug therapy, with mandatory intake of SGLT2 drugs. Two groups were formed using the simple randomization method: “Physical training” (n = 35) – basic drug therapy supplemented by a program of controlled physical training and “Standard drug therapy” (n = 37) – only basic drug therapy. Patients in the standard drug therapy group were recommended regular aerobic physical activity of moderate intensity for 30–60 minutes at least 5 days a week.Results. In the Physical Training group, after 12 months, an increase in the distance according to the results of the 6-minute walk test by 39.6% (on average 407.2 meters) was registered, in the Standard Drug Therapy group, physical tolerance increased by 12.2% (324.5 meters) (p = 0.002). According MLHFQ questionnaire in patients with CHF, the results were obtained that characterize the high social adaptation of patients during physical training in comparison with standard pathogenetic drug therapy. Thus, the MLHFQ indicator in the Physical Training group changed by an average of 25.2 points, and in the Standard Drug Therapy group – by 5.7 points, amounting to 37.3 ± 5.9 in the Physical Training group, and 58.2 ± 2.1 in the Standard Drug Therapy group (p = 0.001).Conclusions. Physical training in patients with CHF associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus against the background of optimal drug therapy leads to an increase in the distance according to the results of the 6-minute walk test and contributes to an improvement in the quality of life.
Coagulation hemostasis disorders and elevated lipoprotein (a) levels in patients with arterial hypertension and multifocal atherosclerosis
Authors: Vedenskaya S. S. , Smolenskaya O. G. , Beltyukov E. K. , Grachev V. G. , Klyachina E. S. , Kovaleva A. D. 
Published: November 2024

Introduction. Hemostatic disorders may act as additional risk factors in patients with arterial hypertension (AH) and multifocal atherosclerotic lesion (MFAL). Elevated lipoprotein (a) (Lp(a)) levels may exacerbate procoagulant shifts.Aim. To identify disorders in the coagulation link of hemostasis in patients with AH and MFAL, depending on the level of Lp(a).Materials and methods. The study included 219 patients with hypertension and MFAL, median age 59 (53; 66) years, of which 110 patients with stage I–II controlled hypertension (group 1) and 109 patients with stage III controlled hypertension with a history of ischemic stroke. Depending on the level of Lp(a), patients in each group were divided into 2 subgroups with Lp(a) levels < 50 mg/dl and with Lp(a) levels above 50 mg/dl. Patients of both groups received antihypertensive, lipid-lowering, antiplatelet therapy and had comparable values of blood pressure and lipid spectrum.Results. In group 2 patients, procoagulant shifts were significantly more often recorded, despite the constant use of antiplatelet therapy. Violations of hemostasis parameters depending on the level of Lp(a) were observed in subgroups 1b and 2b. According to the results of multiple a posteriori comparisons, the most significant hypercoagulation changes were observed in patients with stroke, as well as with Lp(a) levels > 50 mg/dl.Conclusions. Thus, in some patients with hypertension and MFAL, despite taking antihypertensive, lipid-lowering and antiplatelet therapy, coagulation hemostasis disorders may occur. Elevated Lp(a) levels are combined with more pronounced hemostatic disorders, especially in the presence of a previous stroke. Intensification of antithrombotic therapy may be considered in such patients to prevent cardiovascular complications.
Regional and ethnic factors of obesity and diabetes mellitus in women of re-productive age in the Pribaikal region
Authors: Egorova T. V. , Kireeva V. V. , Khamnueva L. Yu. 
Published: November 2024

Introduction. Overweight is currently one of the leading global medical problems. Overweight and obesity contribute significantly to the development of diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular disorder and can also cause premature death. Obesity has a negative impact on reproductive function; almost a quarter of women of childbearing age are overweight and about a third of them are obese.Aim. To study the characteristics of carbohydrate metabolism, hormonal indicators, and clinical-metabolic profiles, as well as to assess the potential risk of developing diabetes mellitus in women of fertile age with overweight and obesity residing in the Baikal region.Materials and methods. The study involved 60 overweight and obese women of reproductive age in the Pribaikalye region, including 33 women of Russian nationality (group 1) and 27 women of Buryat nationality (group 2). Anthropo-metric, sociodemographic and behavioural criteria were analysed, as well as questionnaires using the FINDRISC Scale. General clinical analyses of blood and urine were performed, lipid profile parameters, glucose, insulin, creatinine, transaminases, estradiol, thyroid hormone, leptin levels in blood plasma were studied. In addition, an oral glucose tolerance test was performed and the insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) was calculated.Results. In the group of Buryat women with lower body weight as compared to Russians, higher levels of leptin, HOMA- IR index, and larger waist circumference are observed. In Buryat women, low physical activity makes a significant contribution to the development of overweight and obesity, while for Russian women, excessive caloric intake is more important. In accordance with the results of the FINDRISC scale survey, the greatest contribution to the potential development of diabetes mellitus in the Russian group is body mass index (weight), and in the Buryat group, in addition to these indicators, waist circumference and reduced physical activity.Conclusions. The results of the study will be of great help in the development of pro-grammes for the prevention of diabetes and obesity, taking into account regional and ethnic differences among the population.
Glucosuria as a major mechanism-associated effect of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors: Is there cause for concern?
Authors: Demidova T. Yu. , Izmaylova M. Ya. 
Published: November 2024

Introduction. One of the main mechanisms of action of SGLT2 inhibitors is an increase in renal excretion of glucose and sodium, development of glucosuria against the background of decreased levels of daily glycemia. The frequency of glucosuria development in patients without DM/prediabetes, receiving SGLT2 inhibitors for the treatment of CHD or CKD, as a consequence of the mechanism of action of SGLT2 inhibitors inhibitors is poorly studied and seems to be very interesting.Aim. To evaluate in real clinical practice the frequency of the development and severity of glucosuria in patients with CHF treated with inhibitors of SGLT2 inhibitors both on the background of concomitant DM2 and without type 2 DM.Materials and methods. Within the framework of a one-stage, prospective, observational study we evaluated the frequency of development and severity of glucosuria in patients with CHF, receiving SGLT2 inhibitors inhibitors, who were in the cardiology department of V.P. Demikhov State Clinical Hospital of Moscow. A total of 230 patients were included in the analysis.Results. The mean age of the patients was 74 [66; 83] years. Median LVEF was 36 [29; 44] %, NTproBNP 1019 [423; 2355] pg/ml. Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) was recorded in 64.81% of patients, 17.13% had HF with mildly reduced ejection fraction and 18.06% had a СHF preserved ejection fraction. DM2 was present in 38.7 percent of patients with СHF. Among patients with CHF, the ‘glucosuria phenomenon’ due to the administration of SGLT2 inhibitors was observed in 31.16% of those without DM2, and in 52.27% of СHF patients with concomitant DM2.Conclusion. In patients with CHF receiving SGLT2 inhibitors therapy, the ‘glucosuria phenomenon’ developed in one in three patients without overt carbohydrate metabolism abnormalities and one in two with DM2. The findings suggest that the glucosuria effect of SGLT2 inhibitors is not a required event even in patients with DM2, which may influence the incidence of adverse events in general clinical practice. And the cardioprotective benefits of SGLT2 inhibitors may be due to other mechanisms unrelated to glucose excretion, which, according to recent studies, is considered a surrogate predictor of favorable prognosis concerning CHF and renal outcomes. Nevertheless, additional clinical and experimental studies are required to determine the cardioprotective mechanisms of SGLT2 inhibitors and the predictive value of drug-induced glucosuria.
Wastewater biotreatment and bioaugmentation for remediation of contaminated sites at an oil recycling plant
Authors: Jemli Meryem , Karray Fatma , Mansour Lamjed , Loukil Slim , bouhdida Rihab , Yadav Krishna Kumar , Sayadi Sami 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

This work focused on the biotreatment of wastewater and contaminated soil in a used oil recycling plant located in Bizerte. A continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) and a trickling filter (TF) were used to treat stripped and collected wastewater, respectively. The CSTR was started up and stabilized for 90 days. Over the following 170 days, the operational organic loading rates of the TF and the CSTR were around 1,200 and 3,000 g chemical oxygen demand (COD) m−3 day−1, respectively. The treatment efficiency was 94% for total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs), 89.5% for COD, 83.34% for biological oxygen demand (BOD5), and 91.25% for phenol. Treated industrial wastewater from the TF was used for bioaugmentation (BA) of contaminated soil. The assessment of the soil took 24 weeks to complete. The effectiveness of the soil BA strategy was confirmed by monitoring phenolic compounds, aliphatic and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, heavy metals, and germination index. The biodegradation rate of contaminants was improved and the time required for their removal was reduced. The soil bacterial communities were dominated by species of the genera Mycobacterium, Proteiniphilum, Nocardioides, Luteimicrobium, and Azospirillum, which were identified as hydrocarbon and phenol-degrading bacteria.