bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cloning, phylogenetic research, and prokaryotic expression study of the metabolic detoxification gene EoGSTs1 in Empoasca onukii Matsuda
Authors: Zhang Yujie , Chen Wenlong , Li Ming , Yang Lin , Chen Xiangsheng 
Published: September 2019

Due to the misuse of chemical pesticides, small green leafhoppers (Empoasca onukii Matsuda) have developed resistance to pesticides, thereby posing a serious problem to the tea industry. Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are an important family of enzymes that are involved in pesticide resistance in Empoasca onukii Matsuda. Empoasca onukii GST sigma 1 (EoGSTs1, GenBank: MK443501) is a member of the GST family. In this study, the full-length cDNA of EoGSTs1 was cloned by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), and its taxonomic identity was examined. Furthermore, we performed bioinformatics and phylogenetic analyses of the gene and structural and functional domain prediction of the protein. The results demonstrate that EoGSTS1 belongs to the Sigma family of GSTs; the full-length EoGSTs1 cDNA is 841 bp with a 624-bp coding region that encodes a 23.68932-kDa protein containing 207 amino acids. The theoretical isoelectric point (IEP) was calculated to be 6.00. Phylogenetic analysis indicates that EoGSTS1 is closely related to the Sub psaltriayangi subfamily of the Cicadoidea superfamily in order Hemiptera, whereas it is distantly related to Periplaneta americana of order Blattodea. Amino acid sequence alignment of EoGSTS1 and GSTs from four other insects of order Hemiptera revealed protein sequence conservation. Tertiary structure analysis and structural domain functional predictions of the protein revealed that EoGSTS1 contains nine α helices and two β sheets with one conserved GST domain. The results of enzyme activity assay showed that recombinant EoGSTs1 (rEoGSTs1) protein had catalytic activity for substrate 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (CDNB) and exhibited the highest activity at pH 7 and 25 °C. The Michaelis constant Km of rEoGSTs1 protein was 0.07782 ± 0.01990 mmol/L, and the maximum reaction rate Vmax was 12.15 ± 1.673 µmol/min⋅mg. Our study clarified the taxonomic identity of small green leafhopper EoGSTs1 and revealed some properties of the gene and its encoded protein sequence. According to the catalytic activity of the rEoGSTs1 enzyme on the model substrate CDNB, we infer that it functions in the degradation of exogenous substances.
Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles for Drug Delivery
Authors: Manzano Miguel , Vallet‐Regí María 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIn recent years, nanomedicine has emerged at the forefront of nanotechnology, generating great expectations in the biomedical field. Researchers are developing novel nanoparticles for both diagnostic applications using imaging technology and treatment purposes through drug delivery technologies. Among all the available nanoparticles, inorganic mesoporous silica nanoparticles are the newcomers to the field, contributing with their unique and superlative properties. A brief overview of the most recent progress in the synthesis of mesoporous silica nanoparticles and their use as drug delivery nanocarriers is provided. The latest trends in this type of nanoparticles and their use in modern medicine are discussed, highlighting the significant impact that this technology might have in the near future.
A Review of Low‐Temperature Solution‐Processed Metal Oxide Thin‐Film Transistors for Flexible Electronics
Authors: Park Jeong Woo , Kang Byung Ha , Kim Hyun Jae 
Published: September 2019

AbstractSolution processing, including printing technology, is a promising technique for oxide thin‐film transistor (TFTs) fabrication because it tends to be a cost‐effective process with high composition controllability and high throughput. However, solution‐processed oxide TFTs are limited by low‐performance and stability issues, which require high‐temperature annealing. This high thermal budget in the fabrication process inhibits oxide TFTs from being applied to flexible electronics. There have been numerous attempts to promote the desired electrical characteristics of solution‐processed oxide TFTs at lower fabrication temperatures. Recent techniques for achieving low‐temperature (<350 °C) solution‐processed and printed oxide TFTs, in terms of the materials, processes, and structural engineering methods currently in use are reviewed. Moreover, the core techniques for both n‐type and p‐type oxide‐based channel layers, gate dielectric layers, and electrode layers in oxide TFTs are addressed. Finally, various multifunctional and emerging applications based on low‐temperature solution‐processed oxide TFTs are introduced and future outlooks for this highly promising research are suggested.
3D Fluorescent Hydrogel Origami for Multistage Data Security Protection
Authors: Zhang Yuchong , Le Xiaoxia , Jian Yukun , Lu Wei , Zhang Jiawei , Chen Tao 
Published: September 2019

AbstractCurrent fluorescence‐based anti‐counterfeiting strategies primarily encode information onto single 2D planes and underutilize the possibility of encrypting data inside 3D structures to achieve multistage data security. Herein, a fluorescent‐hydrogel‐based 3D anti‐counterfeiting platform is demonstrated, which extends data encryption capability from single 2D planes to complex 3D hydrogel origami geometries. The materials are based on perylene‐tetracarboxylic‐acid‐functionalized gelatin/poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogels, which simultaneously show Fe3+‐responsive fluorescence quenching, borax‐triggered shape memory, and self‐healing properties. By employing an origami technique, various complex 3D hydrogel geometries are facilely fabricated. On the basis of these results, a 3D anti‐counterfeiting platform is demonstrated, in which the data printed by using Fe3+ as the ink are safely protected inside complex 3D hydrogel origami structures. In this way, the encrypted data cannot be read until after specially predesigned procedures (both the shape recovery and UV light illumination actions), indicating higher‐level information security than the traditional 2D counterparts. This facile and general strategy opens up the possibility of utilizing 3D fluorescent hydrogel origami for data information encryption and protection.
Liquid Metal Supercooling for Low‐Temperature Thermoelectric Wearables
Authors: Malakooti Mohammad H. , Kazem Navid , Yan Jiajun , Pan Chengfeng , Markvicka Eric J. , Matyjaszewski Krzysztof , Majidi Carmel 
Published: September 2019

AbstractElastomers embedded with droplets of liquid metal (LM) alloy represent an emerging class of soft multifunctional composites that have potentially transformative impact in wearable electronics, biocompatible machines, and soft robotics. However, for these applications it is crucial for LM alloys to remain liquid during the entire service temperature range in order to maintain high mechanical compliance throughout the duration of operation. Here, LM‐based functional composites that do not freeze and remain soft and stretchable at extremely low temperatures are introduced. It is shown that the confinement of LM droplets to micro‐/nanometer length scales significantly suppresses their freezing temperature (down to −84.1 from −5.9 °C) and melting point (down to −25.6 from +17.8 °C) independent of the choice of matrix material and processing conditions. Such a supercooling effect allows the LM inclusions to preserve their fluidic nature at low temperatures and stretch with the surrounding polymer matrix without introducing significant mechanical resistance. These results indicate that LM composites with highly stabilized droplets can operate over a wide temperature range and open up new possibilities for these emerging materials, which are demonstrated with self‐powered wearable thermoelectric devices for bio‐sensing and personal health monitoring at low temperatures.
Flexible and Stretchable Antennas for Biointegrated Electronics
Authors: Xie Zhaoqian , Avila Raudel , Huang Yonggang , Rogers John A. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractCombined advances in material science, mechanical engineering, and electrical engineering form the foundations of thin, soft electronic/optoelectronic platforms that have unique capabilities in wireless monitoring and control of various biological processes in cells, tissues, and organs. Miniaturized, stretchable antennas represent an essential link between such devices and external systems for control, power delivery, data processing, and/or communication. Applications typically involve a demanding set of considerations in performance, size, and stretchability. Some of the most effective strategies rely on unusual materials such as liquid metals, nanowires, and woven textiles or on optimally configured 2D/3D structures such as serpentines and helical coils of conventional materials. In the best cases, the performance metrics of small, stretchable, radio frequency (RF) antennas realized using these strategies compare favorably to those of traditional devices. Examples range from dipole, monopole, and patch antennas for far‐field RF operation, to magnetic loop antennas for near‐field communication (NFC), where the key parameters include operating frequency, Q factor, radiation pattern, and reflection coefficient S11 across a range of mechanical deformations and cyclic loads. Despite significant progress over the last several years, many challenges and associated research opportunities remain in the development of high‐efficiency antennas for biointegrated electronic/optoelectronic systems.
Halogenated‐Methylammonium Based 3D Halide Perovskites
Authors: Huang Sheng , Huang Peng , Wang Lei , Han Junbo , Chen Yu , Zhong Haizheng 
Published: September 2019

Abstract3D perovskites with typical structure of ABX3 are emerging as key materials to achieve high‐performance optoelectronic devices. The variation of A‐site cation is promising to achieve enhanced properties; however, is limited to a few available choices of methylamine, formamidine, and cesium. In this work, halogenated‐methylammoniums are developed as A cation to broaden the family of hybrid perovskites. Single crystals and colloidal nanocrystals of halogenated‐methylammoniums based perovskites are successfully synthesized, showing bright future as alternatives for device exploration. In particular, the improved thermal stability and low exciton binding energy from single crystals measurements are demonstrated and bright tunable emission from blue to green for colloidal nanocrystals is achieved.
Conjugated Carbon Cyclic Nanorings as Additives for Intrinsically Stretchable Semiconducting Polymers
Authors: Mun Jaewan , Kang Jiheong , Zheng Yu , Luo Shaochuan , Wu Hung‐Chin , Matsuhisa Naoji , Xu Jie , Wang Ging‐Ji Nathan , Yun Youngjun , Xue Gi , Tok Jeffrey B.‐H. , Bao Zhenan 
Published: September 2019

AbstractMolecular additives are often used to enhance dynamic motion of polymeric chains, which subsequently alter the functional and physical properties of polymers. However, controlling the chain dynamics of semiconducting polymer thin films and understanding the fundamental mechanisms of such changes is a new area of research. Here, cycloparaphenylenes (CPPs) are used as conjugated molecular additives to tune the dynamic behaviors of diketopyrrolopyrrole‐based (DPP‐based) semiconducting polymers. It is observed that the addition of CPPs results in significant improvement in the stretchability of the DPP‐based polymers without adversely affecting their mobility, which arises from the enhanced polymer dynamic motion and reduced long‐range crystalline order. The polymer films retain their fiber‐like morphology and short‐range ordered aggregates, which leads to high mobility. Fully stretchable transistors are subsequently fabricated using CPP/semiconductor composites as active layers. These composites are observed to maintain high mobilities when strained and after repeated applied strains. Interestingly, CPPs are also observed to improve the contact resistance and charge transport of the fully stretchable transistors. ln summary, these results collectively indicate that controlling the dynamic motion of polymer semiconductors is proved to be an effective way to improve their stretchability.
Superstretchable Dynamic Polymer Networks
Authors: Zhang Huan , Wu Yanzhou , Yang Jinxia , Wang Dong , Yu Pengyun , Lai Chi To , Shi An‐Chang , Wang Jianping , Cui Shuxun , Xiang Junfeng , Zhao Ning , Xu Jian 
Published: September 2019

AbstractSuperstretchable materials have many applications in advanced technological fields but are difficult to stretch to more than 1000× their original length. A superstretchable dynamic polymer network that can be stretched to 13 000× its original length is designed. It is revealed that superstretchability of the polymer network is derived from the synergistic effect of two different types of dynamic bonds, including a small number of strong dynamic imine bonds to maintain the network integrity during stretching and a large number of weak ionic hydrogen bonds to dissipate energy. This approach provides new insights into the design of superstretchable polymers.
Artificial Solid Electrolyte Interphase Coating to Reduce Lithium Trapping in Silicon Anode for High Performance Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Ai Qing , Li Deping , Guo Jianguang , Hou Guangmei , Sun Qing , Sun Qidi , Xu Xiaoyan , Zhai Wei , Zhang Lin , Feng Jinkui , Si Pengchao , Lou Jun , Ci Lijie 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe investigation indicates that lithium trapping in Si anode of lithium‐ion battery is one of the key factors to affect the coulombic efficiency and capacity decay during high rate cycling. Here, it is demonstrated that LiAlO2 as an artificial solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) on commercial Si nanoparticles can effectively address the lithium trapping issues of Si anode to improve its electrochemical performance. By investigating the structure evolution of Si with in situ Raman and ex situ X‐ray diffraction measurements, it is demonstrated that artificial solid electrolyte interphase layer significantly improves the kinetics of lithium alloying/dealloying process due to its better electrochemical performance comparing to the natural SEI. Owing to the artificial SEI coating, the Si anode demonstrates a superior electrochemical performance, which offers a specific capacity of 1106 mAh g−1 at a current density of 4000 mA g−1 with capacity retention of 90.9% after 500 cycles.
A Qualitative Systematic Review of Youth Participatory Action Research Implementation in U.S. High Schools
Authors: Anderson Amy J. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThis qualitative systematic review examined the context‐specific factors that influence the implementation of youth participatory action research (YPAR) projects in high schools within the United States. Thematic synthesis was conducted to identify and analyze theYPARimplementation factors that were present in 38 peer‐reviewed studies. Results indicate the following two analytic themes concerningYPARimplementation in high schools: (a) pedagogical strategies and (b) stakeholder dynamics and needs. The themes provide support for existing ecological frameworks of implementation factors and demonstrate that adult researchers’ project‐specific decisions are nested within educational power structures. This paper will discuss the implications of theseYPARimplementation themes in executingYPARprojects in high schools.
Long‐term safety and efficacy of rituximab in 248 adults with immune thrombocytopenia: Results at 5 years from the French prospective registry ITP‐ritux
Authors: Deshayes Samuel , Khellaf Mehdi , Zarour Anissa , Layese Richard , Fain Olivier , Terriou Louis , Viallard Jean‐François , Cheze Stéphane , Graveleau Julie , Slama Borhane , Audia Sylvain , Cliquennois Manuel , Ebbo Mikael , Le Guenno Guillaume , Salles Gilles , Bonmati Caroline , Teillet France , Galicier Lionel , Lambotte Olivier , Hot Arnaud , Lefrère François , Mahévas Matthieu , Canoui‐Poitrine Florence , Michel Marc , Godeau Bertrand 
Published: September 2019

AbstractRituximab is a second‐line option in adults with immune thrombocytopenia (ITP), but the estimated 5‐year response rate, only based on pooled retrospective data, is about 20%, and no studies have focused on long‐term safety. We conducted a prospective multicenter registry of 248 adults with ITP treated with rituximab with 5 years of follow‐up to assess its long‐term safety and efficacy. The median follow‐up was 68.4 [53.7‐78.5] months. The incidence of severe infections was only 2/100 patient‐years. Profound hypogammaglobulinemia (<5 g/L) developed in five patients at 15 to 31 months after the last rituximab infusion. In total, 25 patients died at a median age of 80 [69.5‐83.9] years, corresponding to a mortality rate of 2.3/100 patient‐years. Only three deaths related to infection that occurred 12 to 14 months after rituximab infusions could be due in part to rituximab. At 60 months of follow‐up, 73 (29.4%) patients had a sustained response. On univariate and multivariate analysis, the only factor significantly associated with sustained response was a previous transient response to corticosteroids (P = .022). Overall, 24 patients with an initial response and then relapse received retreatment with rituximab, which gave a response in 92%, with a higher duration of response in 54%. As a result of its safety profile and its sustained response rate, rituximab remains an important option in the current therapeutic armamentarium for adult ITP. Retreatment could be an effective and safe option.
Combination trial of duvelisib (IPI‐145) with rituximab or bendamustine/rituximab in patients with non‐Hodgkin lymphoma or chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Flinn Ian W. , Cherry Mohamad A. , Maris Michael B. , Matous Jeffrey V. , Berdeja Jesus G. , Patel Manish 
Published: September 2019

AbstractDuvelisib, a potent δ‐ and γ‐PI3K inhibitor, is a potential therapeutic for hematologic malignancies. Rituximab and bendamustine have demonstrated activity in non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Combining duvelisib with either rituximab alone or rituximab and bendamustine may improve response rates and remission durability. We conducted this Phase one study in relapsed/refractory NHL and CLL patients. During expansion, each arm enrolled to disease‐specific cohorts to assess efficacy. Arm one received rituximab 375 mg/m2 IV weekly for two 4‐week cycles plus duvelisib until progression/intolerance. Arm two received rituximab 375 mg/m2 IV Day one, bendamustine 90 mg/m2 IV (NHL patients) or 70 mg/m2 IV (CLL patients) Days one‐two for six cycles, plus duvelisib until progression/intolerance. Duvelisib doses of 50 mg and 75 mg BID were tested during dose escalation. Forty‐six patients (27 NHL, 19 CLL) were treated. The adverse events of the drug combinations were consistent with single agent toxicities. The most common AEs were neutropenia (47.7%), fatigue (41.3%), and rash (41.3%). A duvelisib expansion dose of 25 mg BID was chosen based on the monotherapy phase one study, IPI‐145‐02, which confirmed that dose for further clinical development. Overall response rate was 71.8%. Median progression‐free survival was 13.7 months. Median overall survival has not been reached, but 30‐month overall survival probability was 62%. Duvelisib combined with rituximab, or bendamustine and rituximab did not appear to increase toxicities beyond the known safety profile of the individual agents. Further study is needed to determine if these combinations improve efficacy.
A Short and Efficient Synthesis of the [3]Triangulene Ring System
Authors: Holt Carter J. , Wentworth Katelyn J. , Johnson Richard P. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractTriangulenes are of current interest for potential applications in molecular electronics. We describe here a three step synthesis of the 4,8,12‐trihydro[3]triangulenium cation by cascade cyclization of a tetra‐benzyl alcohol precursor in triflic acid solution. This stable carbocation is easily observed by NMR and optical spectroscopy and is highly fluorescent. Quenching of the cation into basic solutions or by hydride transfer from triethylsilane provides access to stable dihydro and tetrahydro[3]triangulenes. These neutral species interconvert with cations in a complex series of proton and hydride transfers. This route provides several important [3]triangulene precursors. Preliminary experiments designed to generate [3]triangulene in the solution phase provide evidence for its formation and rapid oligomerization.
Accelerated Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy with Deep Learning
Authors: Qu Xiaobo , Huang Yihui , Lu Hengfa , Qiu Tianyu , Guo Di , Agback Tatiana , Orekhov Vladislav , Chen Zhong 
Published: September 2019

AbstractNuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy serves as an indispensable tool in chemistry and biology but often suffers from long experimental times. We present a proof‐of‐concept of the application of deep learning and neural networks for high‐quality, reliable, and very fast NMR spectra reconstruction from limited experimental data. We show that the neural network training can be achieved using solely synthetic NMR signals, which lifts the prohibiting demand for a large volume of realistic training data usually required for a deep learning approach.
Asymmetric Synthesis of Heterocyclic γ‐Amino‐Acid and Diamine Derivatives by Three‐Component Radical Cascade Reactions
Authors: Zheng Danqing , Studer Armido 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAn enantioselective three‐component radical reaction of quinolines or pyridines with enamides and α‐bromo carbonyl compounds by dual photoredox and chiral Brønsted acid catalysis is presented. A range of valuable chiral γ‐amino‐acid derivatives are accessible in high chemo‐, regio‐, and enantioselectivity from simple, readily available starting materials under mild reaction conditions. Using the same strategy, the asymmetric synthesis of 1,2‐diamine derivatives is also reported.
Kupferkatalysierte Triborierung: Einfache, atomökonomische Synthese von 1,1,1‐Triborylalkanen aus terminalen Alkinen und HBpin
Authors: Liu Xiaocui , Ming Wenbo , Zhang Yixiao , Friedrich Alexandra , Marder Todd B. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractEine effiziente, einstufige Synthese von 1,1,1‐Trialkylalkanen durch die sequenzielle, dehydrierende Borylierung und zweifache Hydroborierung von terminalen Alkinen mit Pinakolboran (HBpin) wurde unter Verwendung des kostengünstigen und einfach zugänglichen Kupfersalzes Cu(OAc)2 als Katalysator realisiert. Das Verfahren zeichnet sich durch ein breites Substratspektrum, eine außerordentliche Selektivität und eine hohe Toleranz gegenüber funktionellen Gruppen aus. Zudem kann die Reaktion ohne Ausbeuteverlust im Gramm‐Maßstab durchgeführt werden. Die somit erhaltenen 1,1,1‐Trialkylalkane können Anwendungen in der Herstellung von synthetisch wertvollen und bislang schwer zugänglichen α‐Vinylboronaten und zyklischen Boryl‐Verbindungen finden. Verschiedene Alkylgruppen können stufenweise über eine basenvermittelte deborylierende Alkylierung eingeführt werden, um racemische, tertiäre Alkylboronate herzustellen, die einfach in nützliche tertiäre Alkohole umgewandelt werden können.