bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Zur Komposition von insofern als im Deutschen
Authors: Bücking Sebastian 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
This paper is about the compositional interpretation of adverbial clauses as introduced by insofern
als (lit. ‘insofar as’) in German (= IAs); for example, Die Lösung ist insofern attraktiv, als sie günstig ist.
(lit. ‘The solution is insofar attractive as it is cheap.’). I argue that IAs always contribute dimensional restrictions, but
do so in two distinct structure-sensitive ways: IAs can be structurally integrated into their host clauses and, thus,
dimensionally specify a lexical component of the matrix VP (= LIAs) (‘The solution is attractive in price.’); alternatively,
they can be structurally non-integrated and, thus, provide a dimension against which the matrix sentence is evaluated
holistically (= SIAs) (‘In light of the fact that the solution is cheap, one may say that it is attrac­tive.’). The proposal
is supported by both syntactic and semantic-pragmatic evidence: (i) LIAs and SIAs are distinguished by independently
motivated tests for structural (non)integration such as scope of negation and particles, focus-background structure, and
variable binding. (ii) LIAs are sensitive to a lexically given multidimensional matrix predication. SIAs, by contrast, require
that the embedded clause specify an objective justification for the truth of the matrix proposition as a whole. In particular,
IAs are shown to not pass tests for subjectivity as discussed for finden (‘find’); for example, judge-
dependency, resistance against denial, or, accessibility of a subjective attitude. The paper concludes by sketching a
formal derivation of both readings. Accordingly, LIAs constrain the dimensional parameter of multidimensional lexical
predications, while SIAs provide facts that de re justify the assertibility of predications for topic situations.
The allotwinning of KCa3Te5O12Cl3: an OD interpretation
Authors: Larvor Carla , Stöger Berthold , Weil Matthias 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
The crystal structure of the oxotellurate(IV) chloride KCa3Te5O12Cl3 is built up of [KTe5O12]3− layers sandwiched by layers of Cl− and Ca2+ ions. The structure can be considered as a twelvefold superstructure with occupational modulation of the K/Te positions. The electron lone-pairs of the Te(IV) atoms are directed towards the free space of the chloride layers. KCa3Te5O12Cl3 can be described as a category III order-disorder (OD) structure in terms of polar layers of one kind. The crystals under investigation are built up of the two polytypes of a maximum degree of order (MDO) with isomorphic C2/c and I2/a symmetry, both of which appear in two orientations. Two data reduction approaches, using either a reciprocal superlattice or three independent domains, were performed and the resulting refinements are comparatively discussed.
Influence of different metal ions on the assembly, structures, and properties of two complexes based on the semi-rigid bis(pyridyl)-bis(amide) ligand and 4,4′-oxybis(benzoic acid)
Authors: Lin Hong-Yan , Tian Yuan , Lin Jia-Feng , Wang Xiang , Liu Guo-Cheng 
Published: May 2018

AbstractTwo transitional metal complexes, [Zn(oba)(3-bpcd)]n(1) and [Cd(oba)(3-bpcd)0.5]n(2) [H2oba= 4,4′-oxybis(benzoic acid), 3-bpcd=N,N′-bis(pyridin-3-yl)cyclohexane-1,4-dicarboxamide], have been hydrothermally synthesized and structurally characterized by elemental analyses, infrared spectra, powder X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Complex1possesses a three-fold interpenetrating network based on layers with a 4-connected sql topology. Complex2is a layered framework constructed by the oba anions and 3-bpcd ligands, which represents a binodal (3,4)-connected {62.10}{6} topology. The adjacent layers of complex2are further linked by hydrogen bonding interactions to build a three-dimensional supramolecular architecture. The differences of metal ions in coordination modes show a significant effect on the final structures of the Zn(II)/Cd(II) complexes. The photocatalytic activities and the fluorescence sensing properties of complexes1and2were investigated.
Comparing Acceleration and Change of Direction Ability Between Backpedal and Cross-over Run Techniques for Use in American Football
Authors: Angelino Domenic , McCabe Thomas J.G. , Earp Jacob E. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Angelino, D, McCabe, TJG, and Earp, JE. Comparing acceleration and change of direction ability between backpedal and cross-over run techniques for use in American football. J Strength Cond Res 35(1): 47–55, 2021—In American football, defensive backs guard receivers using either cross-over (CO) run or backpedal (BP) techniques, but the efficacy of these techniques is unknown. The purpose of this study was to compare linear acceleration (LA) and change of direction (CoD) ability when using CO and BP. Collegiate football defensive backs participated in LA (n = 13) and CoD (n = 7) testing. During LA, subjects performed CO, BP, and forward sprints with split times taken between 0–3 and 3–5 yd and ground reaction forces recorded 0 and 3 yd from the start. During CoD testing, subjects performed the CO or BP for 3 yd and then were given a cue to sprint to a gate 5 yd away in 1 of 4 directions (downfield, midfield, sideline, or upfield). In LA, CO was faster than BP between 0–3 yd (Δ −0.20 ± 0.02 seconds, p = 0.000) and 3–5 yd (Δ −0.12 ± 0.02 seconds, p = 0.000). At the start of the movement, CO demonstrated greater propulsive forces (p = 0.017). However, 3 yd from the start, CO demonstrated greater propulsive forces and reduced braking forces (p = 0.000 & 0.003). In CoD, CO was faster than BP when running in the downfield (Δ 0.21 ± 0.05 seconds, p = 0.044) and lateral directions (Δ 0.21 ± 0.08 seconds, p = 0.035), but similar in the upfield direction (Δ 0.01 ± 0.08, p = 0.986). Our results indicate that CO is superior to BP in LA, CoD ability, and movement efficiency and support the use of CO for defensive backs.
Cardiovascular Responses in the Treadmill Stress Exercise in Young Adults of Sarajevo in the Period of the War
Authors: Nakaš-Ićindić Emina , Mujić Muzafer , Knežević Željka , Frljak Nermina , Kulenović Husein 
Published: May 2018

his study was designed and performed under very difficult conditions during intensive war activities in Sarajevo. The specific characteristics of this aggressive war were a long lasting. Middle Ages siege of the city with sudden shelling and shooting of civilian targets. It can be expected that these abnormal, stressful conditions caused changes in mental and emotional reactions, as well as in the functioning of numerous organic systems. The aim of this study was to assess whether the long exposure to war conditions influenced the functioning of the cardiovascular system and its response in stress exercise in young adults of Sarajevo.
Multistage, incremental exercise treadmill testing under the Bruce protocol was performed by 14 male students of Sarajevo University (aged 18-23 years). It was planned for each subject to complete two exercise sessions in a three-month interval. Only 8 persons completed the second session because some of the subjects left Sarajevo, some were wounded, and the rest of them had to complete their duties in the Army.
The results of the two exercise sessions showed that resting values of the cardiovascular variables (heart rate, arterial blood pressure) were within physiological range. The mean maximal exercise capacity expressed as metabolic units (METS) was 15.40 for the first exercise session and 15.23 for the second one. There were neither significant differences in exercise test duration between the two exercise sessions nor in maximal achieved heart rate.
It could be concluded that in young men the overall exercise capacity was well preserved but the other results (indirectly calculated maximal oxygen uptake, V02) indicated hyperreactive response. The three-month interval was short to emphasize the differences because the war conditions, under which the testing was performed, were not changed.
Assessment of chronic neuropsychological effects of mercury vapour poisoning in chloral-alkali plant workers
Authors: Pranjić Nurka , Sinanović Osman , Karamehić Jasenko , Jakubović Rušid 
Published: May 2018

A prospective case study was conducted in the Department of Occupational Medicine, Tuzla. The purpose of this study was to indicate negative effects from occupational exposure to mercury on behavioural and mental health, memory and psychomotor function that was tested in 46 chloral-alkali plant workers (mean age was 38. 8+/- 5. 7 years; mean age of occupational history 16. 5+/- 6. 0 years). Data on toxicological monitoring on atomic absorption spectrometer, and data on mental health were collected, psychiatric and other subjective symptoms, and behavioural, psychomotor and memory function tested. The data were compared to control group, 32 healthy non exposed workers. The study was designed to assess blood and urine mercurylevels and length of occupational exposure and investigate its relationships to effects on the mental health. The mean air mercury levels were 0.23 mg/m3, the mean blood mercury concentrations was 3. 6 mg/ dl and the mean urine mercuryconcentrations were 151.7 +/- 180.4 mg/l. In 25 (53%) workers exposed to mercury vapour was identified Depression-Hypochondrias Syndrome (p trend < 0. 001) with higher scores for scales: Hysteria (p trend <0. 001), Schizoid and Psychoastenia (MMPI). All psychological parameters were in highly significantly correlations with mercury levels and length of occupational exposure. Pathological parameters were possible general identified if the concentration of blood mercury levels are >2. 9 mg/ dl, or urine mercury levels > 87 mg/l workers exposed to mercury vapour knew that toxic effects in body resulted in loosing some of intellectual abilities, and that people who handle chemicals had an increased health risk (ESW questionnaire). The occupational mercury exposed workers had introvert behaviour (EPQ). Aggressiveness was found in 71.7% workers. The cognitive disturbances: short-term memory loss, difficult to concentrate on tasks which require attention and thinking, were significantly differed compared to those of controls (p trend < 0. 001). In 24 (52%) exposed to mercury workers we have determined ego strength loss and regressive defensive mechanisms (LB). Handwriting disturbances-micrography we have identified in 27 (58.7%) workers.
Mitochondrial medicine - a key to solve pathophysiology of 21 century diseases
Authors: Kiseljaković Emina , Jadrić Radivoj , Hasić Sabaheta , Ljuboja Lorenka , Radovanović Jovo , Kulenović Husein , Winterhalter-Jadrić Mira 
Published: May 2018

Over the past 13 years mitochondrial defects have been involved in wide variety of degenerative diseases - Parkinson disease, Alzheimer dementia, arteriosclerosis, ageing and cancer. Mitochondria are believed to control apoptosis or programmed cell death. Disturbance in mitochondrial metabolism has also been implicated in many common diseases such as congestive hart failure, diabetes and migraine. Scientific investigations have showed complexities in mitochondrial genetics, but at the same time, pathophysiology of mitochondrial diseases is still enigma. Mitochondria and their DNAs are opening the era of "mitochondrial medicine". What we today call "a mitochondrial medicine" is only a part of the whole panorama of diseases based on disordered mitochondrial function.
Posttraumatic stress disorder (ptsd) and co-morbidity
Authors: Ličanin Ifeta , Redžić Amira 
Published: May 2018

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) very often occurs accompanied with other psychiatric disorders such as: Alcohol and Drug abuse, Personality Disorder, General Anxiety Disorder, Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, Schizophrenia etc. Sometimes it might be a problem for clinicians to differ PTSD symptoms from symptoms of coexisting psychic disorders. The aim of this study was to present the most common PTSD coexisting psycho-disorders. This research was conducted during the period from April 1998 to October 1999. Participants were divided in two groups each containing 30 examinees. The first group consisted of 30 participants with symptoms of PTSD only while the second group included participants who suffered from both PTSD and other psychic disorders (co-morbidity). Both groups were quite similar regarding participants gender and age. The scientific tools used in the research were: Standard Psychiatric Interview, Harvard Trauma Questionnaire (HTQ), Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, and Drug and Alcohol Abuse Checklist. Our research results are indicating that PTSDsymptoms are most common in middle-aged persons, regardless of their gender and age. We have found following coexisting psychic disorders: personality disorder 46.6% (from which 13.3% is permanent personality disorder after the traumatic experience); depression 29.9% (depression without psychotic symptoms 23.3% and depression with coexisting psychotic symptoms 6.6%); drug abuse 13.3; alcohol abuse 6.7% and dissociative (conversion) disorder 3.3%. The results of our work are suggesting that co-morbid psychic symptoms have significant regressive influence on PTSD course and prognosis.
The 4-arylaminocoumarin derivatives log P values calculated according to Rekker's method
Authors: Završnik Davorka , Špirtović Selma , Muratović Samija 
Published: May 2018

In the QSAR (quantitative structure-activity relationship) and QSPR (quantitative structure-property-activity relationship) study physico-chemical property, lipophilicity is used, to predict bioactivity of the newly synthesized coumarin compounds. Lipophilicity is a property of a molecule which depends on and can be changed by modifications in molecular structure. The parameter of the lipophilicity, partition coefficient (log P), is commonly used in drug designing and it is a numeric characteristic of lipophilicity of the examined substance, potential drug. The synthesis of 4-arylaminocoumarins derivatives from 4-hydroxycoumarin, has been carried out. In this work we described the fragmental method of calculation of partition coefficient according to the Rekker's method, because the best correlation between calculated and experimental values log P was determined according to the Rekker model. 4-Arylaminocoumarin has negative value of log P, but substitution with alkyl or allyl groups on the position 3 increases lipofilicity. Introduction of methyl or ethyl group into position 3 increases lipofilicity, suggesting that by increasing the chain length the values of log P become higher. The influence of allyl substituent in position three increases lipophilicity similar to methyl group. The aryl supstitent decreases lipoflicity, but a general relationship among them could not be established. The results obtained in this study enable further synthesis of new coumarin derivatives and predict their biological activity and properties.
Experimental model of the burn wound topical treatment
Authors: Čabaravdić Amra , Zulić Irfan , Mornjaković Zakira , Mijanović Mirjana , Bečić Fahir 
Published: May 2018

AbstractBACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Clinical research of drugs is a researching step subsequent to the preclinical studies in experimental animals. The aim of our research was to evaluate animal model of wound healing process after the burninducement and effects of the ointment containing natural plants on the process of burn healing.MATERIAL AND METHODS:Burn wounds were experimentally induced in two species of experimental animals which were treated with topically applied herbal preparation with concomitant monitoring of the healing process. Experimental groups (1) of 15 animals each (mice and rats), while control group (2) of 10 animals each (mice and rats) that were not being treated with herbal ointment. After the hair removal, burn was induced on the back of animals by heated brass seal. Different clinical symptoms including oedema of surrounding tissue, redness, exudation, size of the burn surface, histological and microbiological findings were monitored on the days 1, 3, 7, 14 and 21. A statistically significant difference was observed throughout descriptive statistics and paired Student's t-test.CONCLUSION:Physiological healing processes of the acute burn wound following the topical application of herbal preparation can be monitored on the utilized animal model. A three-week treatment resulted in the 90% of completed epithelization in both animal species, indicating the effectiveness of topically applied herbal preparation.
Thin layer chromatography-application in qualitative analysis on presence of coumarins and flavonoids in plant material
Authors: Kovač-Bešović Elvira E. , Durić Kemal 
Published: May 2018

Drugs, natural medicinal plant, animals and mineral materials, have a large and various application in official pharmacy and medicine. Carriers of multilateral pharmacological effects that those drugs shown, are chemically define as active components that are present in them. Methods of qualitative and quantitative analysis are used for the chemical investigation of components that drugs contain. Method of thin layer chromatography has been shown as very reliable. According to the chemical investigation of single drugs, it is possible to define a group of compound or single compound comparing them with standards. Relating to the usage of method of thin layer chromatography, it has been carried out investigation on presence of coumarinsand flavonoids in domestic plant material that have wide everyday usage. Coumarins and flavonoids from the point of view of chemical belonging are phenol derivatives with important pharmacological effects. Applying method of thin layerchromatography, it is detected presence of coumarins and flavonoids substances in plant material that has been tested. Anethi graveolens fructus et folium (fruit and leaf of dill), Anethum graveolens L., Apiaceae, Avenae sativae fructus (fruit of oats), Avena sativa L., Poaceae and Asperulae odoratae herba (sweet woodruff), Asperula odorata L., Rubiaceae. Chromatograms are developed in systems cyclohexane-ethylacetat (13:7) and toluene-ether (1:1) saturated with 10% acetic acid, and visualisation by observing on UV lamp (254 and 366 nm), spraying with reagents KOH (10% ethanol solution) and diphenylboryloxyethylamine (1% methanol solution).
Rehabilitation of extremity war injuries with lesion of peripheral nerves in "PRAXIS" Centre for Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Sarajevo
Authors: Pecar Džemal , Karić Mediha , Kulenović Husein , Masić Izet , Kiseljaković Emina 
Published: May 2018

Polytrauma with significant lesion of peripheral nerves is a specific war injury. It is also one of the most delicate problems in rehabilitation treatment because it requires a close cooperation with surgeon and timely surgical interventions. Based on our experience, the best results in the treatment of injured persons with lesion of peripheralnerves have been accomplished after the surgical treatment. Results in the neurolysis were better than those accomplished in neurorrhaphy. Total of 436 patients with lesion of peripheral nerves were recorded and 56 patients with plexus lesion. Out of this number, 78 patients (about 15%) had surgical treatment (41 neurorrhaphy and 37 neurolysis). Due to lack of adequate ENMG diagnostics, the objective valorisation of treatment outcome was not possible.
Introduction of the new analytical approaches to the doping control on the XIV Winter Olympic Games
Authors: Nikolin Branko , Lekić Meliha , Sober Miroslav 
Published: May 2018

In this paper we present introduction and development of some new analytical methods for identification of anabolic steroids, their metabolites and certain hormones, especially determination of exogenous testosterone by means of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Identification of central nervous stimulants and corticosteroides has been performed by high performance liquid chromatography. In desire to achieve better results, to increase strength and endurance, to sharpen reflexes and to reduce stress and anxiety athletes as well as other people use different pharmacological substances, hormones or even illicit drugs. Use of these substances without medical supervision can lead to adverse effects to one's health or even cause a death. At the same time, use of such substances means a kind of cheat that could not be accepted. This is why International Olympic Committee started at 1968 with official dopingcontrol that is permanently carried out and continuously increasing number of banned substances. Doping controldemands for discover and development of new sensitive and specific methods for detection of banned substances and their metabolites in urine and blood.
Diagnostic usefulness of serum carcinoembryonic antigen determinations in breast cancer patients
Authors: Mujagić Zlata , Mujagić Hamza 
Published: May 2018

Background and purpose: Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is used as a tumour marker in breast cancer (BC). In order to assess diagnostic value of CEA in BC we examined its serum levels and frequencies of its increase in breast cancer patients (BCP), and compared them to those in controls. We also determined CEA in patients with metastatic and non-metastatic BC, and calculated sensitivity and specificity of CEA in BC.Patients and methods: The main experimental group consisted of 47 female patients with histologically proved diagnosis of BC. There were two control groups: clinically healthy women, and female patients with other locations of cancer. Circulating levels of CEA were measured by means of immunoradiometric assay. Results were processed by means of t-test and two-way analysis of variance.Results: Circulating levels of CEA, before treatment in BCP, were significantly higher (p<0.0001) than in healthy women, and in patients with other cancers (p<0.007), while serum CEA in other cancer patients was significantly higher (p<0.01) than in healthy control. There was a difference between frequencies of CEA increase in BCP and healthy women, while such a difference did not exist between BCP and other cancer patients. The circulating levels of CEA in metastatic BCP were significantly higher (p<0.03) in comparison to non-metastatic patients. Sensitivity and specificity of CEA in BCP was 65.0%, and 57.1%, respectively.Conclusions: CEA does not have high tumour specificity for BC, since its circulating levels as well as frequencies of its increase may be elevated in patients with other types and locations of cancer, different from breast cancer. CEA can be detected in the serum of majority of patients with metastatic BC. CEA may be used as prognostic tumour marker in advanced BC.
SARS: current overview, aetiology and epidemiology
Authors: Čavaljuga Semra , Faulde Michael , J. Scharninghausen Jerrold 
Published: May 2018

At this moment, public health authorities, physicians and scientists around the world are struggling to cope with a severe and rapidly spreading new disease in humans called severe acute respiratory syndrome, or SARS. According to World Health Organisation (WHO) this appears to be the first severe and easily transmissible new disease to emerge in the 21st century. Though much about the disease remains poorly understood, including the details of the causative virus, we do know that it has features that allow it to spread rapidly along international air travel routes. As of 10 May 2003, a cumulative 7296 probable SARS cases with 526 deaths have been reported from 30 countries on three continents (WHO, ProMED). In the past week, more than 1000 new probable cases and 96 deaths were reported globally. This represents an increase of 119 new cases and 8 new deaths compared with 9 May 2003 (China (85), Taiwan (23), and Hong Kong (7) represented the overwhelming majority, with one additional case each reported from France, Malaysia, Singapore, and the United States). Only in China, as of 10 May 2003 (WHO) total of 4884 with 235 deaths have been reported. Some outbreaks have reassuring features.