bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quality of Life of Adolescents and Young Adult Survivors of Childhood Cancer: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Neris Rhyquelle Rhibna , Papathanassoglou Elizabeth , Leite Ana Carolina Andrade Biaggi , Garcia‐Vivar Cristina , Nascimento Lucila Castanheira 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTAimsTo analyse how adolescents and young adults who survived childhood cancer experience their quality of life and to explore their meanings and conceptualisations of quality of life.DesignNarrative design following Squire's method.MethodsIn‐person and virtual recruitment, due to the global COVID‐19 pandemic, was carried out in Brazil between May and November 2021. Eighteen semi‐structured virtual interviews were conducted with childhood cancer survivors. These data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis and employing a triangulation of investigators.ResultsFour subthemes were identified, encompassing participants' perceptions and meanings of quality of life. Through the reflection and synthesis of these subthemes, a central theme emerged entitled ‘New self’, capturing the profound impact of the cancer and survival experience on every aspect of the self, along with participants' sense of having gained ‘a new life’ and a ‘second chance’.ConclusionThe study provides a rich and nuanced understanding of quality of life for childhood cancer survivors. The results highlight that after all the changes in life due to cancer, integrating the new self becomes a central aspect of quality of life for survivors.Implications for the Profession and/or Patient CareRecognising the profound shifts in self‐perception that survivors of childhood cancer undergo, nurses should engage early in empowering patients and families, offering education, space and support to help adolescents and young adults grow throughout their journey.ImpactThe richness and depth inherent in qualitative data on quality of life can inform the development of care standards and health policies for survivors, guide the allocation of strategic resources and shape the development of plans and interventions focusing on childhood cancer survivors.Reporting MethodThe COREQ checklist was used.Patient or PublicNo patient or public contribution.
Fibroblast‐derived miR‐425‐5p alleviates cardiac remodelling in heart failure via inhibiting the TGF‐β1/Smad signalling
Authors: Zhou Haijia , Liu Pengyun , Guo Xuelin , Fang Wei , Wu Chan , Zhang Mingming , Ji Zhaole 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe pathological activation of cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) plays a crucial role in the development of pressure overload‐induced cardiac remodelling and subsequent heart failure (HF). Growing evidence demonstrates that multiple microRNAs (miRNAs) are abnormally expressed in the pathophysiologic process of cardiovascular diseases, with miR‐425 recently reported to be potentially involved in HF. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of fibroblast‐derived miR‐425‐5p in pressure overload‐induced HF and explore the underlying mechanisms. C57BL/6 mice were injected with a recombinant adeno‐associated virus specifically designed to overexpress miR‐425‐5p in CFs, followed by transverse aortic constriction (TAC) surgery. Neonatal mouse CFs (NMCFs) were transfected with miR‐425‐5p mimics and subsequently stimulated with angiotensin II (Ang II). We found that miR‐425‐5p levels were significantly downregulated in HF mice and Ang II‐treated NMCFs. Notably, fibroblast‐specific overexpression of miR‐425‐5p markedly inhibited the proliferation and differentiation of CFs, thereby alleviating myocardial fibrosis, cardiac hypertrophy and systolic dysfunction. Mechanistically, the cardioprotective actions of miR‐425‐5p may be achieved by targeting the TGF‐β1/Smad signalling. Interestingly, miR‐425‐5p mimics‐treated CFs could also indirectly affect cardiomyocyte hypertrophy in this course. Together, our findings suggest that fibroblast‐derived miR‐425‐5p mitigates TAC‐induced HF, highlighting miR‐425‐5p as a potential diagnostic and therapeutic target for treating HF patients.
A Narrative Review of Ethical Issues in the Use of Artificial Intelligence Enabled Diagnostics for Diabetic Retinopathy
Authors: Crew Alexandra , Reidy Claire , van der Westhuizen Helene‐Mari , Graham Mackenzie 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionDiabetic retinopathy is one of the leading causes of avoidable blindness among adults globally, and screening programmes can enable early diagnosis and prevention of progression. Artificial intelligence (AI) diagnostic solutions have been developed to diagnose diabetic retinopathy. The aim of this review is to identify ethical concerns related to AI‐enabled diabetic retinopathy diagnostics and enable future research to explore these issues further.MethodsThis is a narrative review that uses thematic analysis methods to develop key findings. We searched two databases, PubMed and Scopus, for papers focused on the intersection of AI, diagnostics, ethics, and diabetic retinopathy and conducted a citation search. Primary research articles published in English between 1 January 2013 and 14 June 2024 were included. From the 1878 papers that were screened, nine papers met inclusion and exclusion criteria and were selected for analysis.ResultsWe found that existing literature highlights ensuring patient data has appropriate protection and ownership, that bias in algorithm training data is minimised, informed patient decision‐making is encouraged, and negative consequences in the context of clinical practice are mitigated.ConclusionsWhile the technical developments in AI‐enabled diabetic retinopathy diagnostics receive the bulk of the research focus, we found that insufficient attention is paid to how this technology is accessed equitably in different settings and which safeguards are needed against exploitative practices. Such ethical issues merit additional exploration and practical problem‐solving through primary research. AI‐enabled diabetic retinopathy screening has the potential to enable screening at a scale that was previously not possible and could contribute to reducing preventable blindness. It will only achieve this if ethical issues are emphasised, understood, and addressed throughout the translation of this technology to clinical practice.
Quality Management in Spanish Community Pharmacy: Implementation of ISO 9001
Authors: Barris Blundell Damià , García‐Agua Soler Nuria 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundSpanish community pharmacy has been incorporating some methods and approaches in the evaluation and improvement of quality, with the ISO 9001 standard being the most used reference. The experience of a community pharmacy in Spain is presented. The pharmacy implemented a management system based on the ISO 9001 standard in 2020, using the Deming cycle with the aim of enhancing the quality of pharmaceutical care. The results obtained in the processes over the following 2 years are also presented.MethodsThe ISO 9001 standard was reviewed to ensure compliance. The Quality Management System control documentation was updated and included the following documents: quality manual, process map, operational processes and procedures, quality indicators and incident records. The pharmacy has planned and implemented a process of monitoring, measurement, analysis of results and continuous improvement for operational, strategic and support processes during the time period of the study. The main operational processes were associated with a set of indicators which permitted to know the results obtained, analyse deviations and implement improvements. The planning and development of the project encompassed approximately 1 year and involved several key stages: (1) diagnosis and assessment of quality situation, (2) analysis of processes, (3) preparation of documentation, (4) implementation of the Quality Management System, (5) internal audit, (6) monitoring of activities and continuous improvement, (7) follow‐up audit by the certifying body, (8) obtaining the ISO 9001:2015 quality certificate.ResultsThe planned schedule was adhered and the documents were successfully drafted. In total, eight operational processes, nine support processes and six strategic processes were reviewed and included in the Quality Management System. Twenty indicators were established to monitor and analyse the performance of these processes. During audits, deviations in the system or nonconformances were identified and analysed. In the first year of system implementation, five nonconformances were identified, decreasing to two in the subsequent two periods. In 2020, three improvement actions were implemented with the objective of: (1) implementing a medication reconciliation service, (2) developing a medication dose adjustment service for polymedicated patients, and (3) implementing a service to measure and improve inhalation technique in patients using inhalers.ConclusionsThe implementation of a methodology based on the ISO 9001 standard has facilitated: (1) Integrating process management as a regular working methodology, (2) A focus on the continuous improvement of services, (3) Achieving recognition of the staff efforts and involvement.
Stroma‐and Tumor‐Associated Predictive Features in Salivary Gland Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma of the Head and Neck
Authors: Rytkönen Aleksi , Laine Hanna K. , Mäkitie Antti , Haglund Caj , Hagström Jaana , Almangush Alhadi , Leivo Ilmo 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThere is lack of knowledge on the utility of prognostic histopathologic characteristics in adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) of the head and neck. We evaluated the prognostic value of tumor and stroma‐related histopathologic features in ACC.Materials and MethodsA total of 65 cases of ACC from minor and major salivary glands were included in this study. We evaluated tumor budding, tumor‐infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), and tumor‐stroma ratio (TSR) in hematoxylin and eosin (HE) stained sections.ResultsStroma‐rich ACCs recurred more frequently (p = 0.029) during follow‐up and associated with distant metastasis (p = 0.038). In multivariable analysis, stroma‐rich tumors associated with poorer disease‐specific survival with a hazard ratio of 3.76 (95% CI 1.10–12.83, p = 0.034). ACCs commonly showed a low infiltration of TILs as 89% of the tumors was characterized by an immune desert pattern. Low infiltration of TILs associated significantly with increased tumor budding (p = 0.039).ConclusionAdverse features of TSR and tumor budding are widely expressed in ACC, and stroma‐rich tumors are associated with poor prognosis. Low number of TILs in ACC tissue indicates a weak immune response by the host and illustrates the nature of ACC as a relentless malignancy.
Innovation in the sharing economy: Examining Uber's transformation
Authors: Lee Erica Ji Hyun , Rindfleisch Aric , Kopalle Praveen K. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe sharing economy has altered transactions between providers and users in at least two pivotal ways. First, sharing economy offerings are often crowdsourced from a wide range of providers rather than a single firm. Second, these offerings are typically temporarily accessed rather than permanently owned. The effect of these two characteristics on how offerings are exchanged has generated considerable interest from scholars across a wide range of domains, including economics, management, and marketing. However, little is known about the impact of the sharing economy (and crowdsourced provision and temporary access), upon the way offerings are created. As a result, the degree to which innovation in the sharing economy differs from how it is typically conducted is largely unknown. Our research seeks to address this question. Specifically, we begin by reviewing the literature on innovation in the sharing economy and then offer a conceptual framework that focuses on the role of crowdsourced provision and temporary access within the innovation process. We then assess this framework by examining innovations introduced by Uber since its inception. In addition, we explore the degree to which sharing platforms differ from a typical profit maximizing firm by conducting an econometric analysis of the price differences between Uber and a traditional taxi service. We conclude by highlighting the implications of our research and suggesting avenues for future inquiry in this domain.
Supplier Carbon Management and Firm Idiosyncratic Risk: Empirical Evidence From China
Authors: Zhou Zhifang , Dai Yixiang , Han Shangjie , Zhang Tao , Liu Jinhao , Chen Xiaohong 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTAlthough existing research emphasizes the importance of internal carbon management (CM) in influencing firm risk, the impact of external stakeholder CM on firm risk remains unclear. This study employs signaling theory to explore how supplier CM affects firm idiosyncratic risk (IR), alongside the moderating roles of the supply chain information environment and the criticality of firm–supplier relationships. The findings of this study demonstrate that supplier CM can reduce firm IR. The risk reduction effect is strong when the information environment between a firm and its suppliers is rich and when the dependency between the firm and its supplier is strong. Path analysis reveals that supplier CM primarily reduces firm IR by alleviating information asymmetry. Moreover, the risk reduction effect increases for firms with small sizes. This research extends the application of signaling theory to supply chain research and bridges the gap between the CM and firm IR literature within the context of supply chain management.
Approach to Complementary Feeding and Infant Language Use: An Observational Study
Authors: Farrow Claire , Blissett Jacqueline , Islam Shefu , Batchelor Rachel , Norman Rebecca , Webber Charlotte , Addessi Elsa , Bellagamba Francesca , Galloway Amy T. , Shapiro Laura 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTEmerging research suggests that a more infant‐led approach to complementary feeding may confer benefits for child language, but these findings are based on parent report studies. Using an observational approach this study examines whether different complementary feeding experiences relate to infant language exposure and language use. Fifty‐eight parents recorded a typical infant mealtime in the home (mean infant age = 14 months, SD = 4.15). Observations were coded to measure the prevalence of infant‐led and parent‐led feeding using the Family Mealtime Coding Scheme. Caregiver language use (word types and token directed at the child, mean length of utterances in child‐directed speech, responsiveness and initiations) and the number of infant vocalisations were coded in ELAN using CHAT conventions and parents completed the MacArthur Communicative Development Inventory short form as a measure of child language. Greater observed infant self‐feeding was significantly associated with greater observed exposure to language from caregivers (r = 0.312 percentage of infant self‐feeding correlated with caregiver word types directed at the child) and a greater number of infant vocalisations (r = 0.320 percentage of infant self‐feeding correlated with number of child vocalisations produced). Structural Equation Modelling showed the relationship between infant self‐feeding and infant vocalisations to be significantly mediated by enhanced quality and quantity of caregiver child‐directed speech (model fit: χ2 [5] = 5.01, p = 0.415, CFI = 1.00 [NF = 0.98], RMSEA = 0.006). Differences in the approach to complementary feeding may shape infant's experiences in ways that support language exposure and use. Autonomy associated with infant self‐feeding may enhance opportunities for social interaction.
Successful Invasion Into New Environments Without Evidence of Rapid Adaptation by a Predatory Marine Gastropod
Authors: Bentley Blair P. , Cheng Brian S. , Brennan Reid S. , Swenson John D. , Adkins Jamie L. , Villeneuve Andrew R. , Komoroske Lisa M. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTInvasive species with native ranges spanning strong environmental gradients are well suited for examining the roles of selection and population history in rapid adaptation to new habitats, providing insight into potential evolutionary responses to climate change. The Atlantic oyster drill (Urosalpinx cinerea) is a marine snail whose native range spans the strongest coastal latitudinal temperature gradient in the world, with invasive populations established on the US Pacific coast. Here, we leverage this system using genome‐wide SNPs and environmental data to examine invasion history and identify genotype–environment associations indicative of local adaptation across the native range, and then assess evidence for allelic frequency shifts that would signal rapid adaptation within invasive populations. We demonstrate strong genetic structuring among native regions which aligns with life history expectations, identifying southern New England as the source of invasive populations. Then, we identify putatively thermally adaptive loci across the native range but find no evidence of allele frequency shifts in invasive populations that suggest rapid adaptation to new environments. Our results indicate that while these loci may underpin local thermal adaptation in their native range, selection is relaxed in invasive populations, perhaps due to complex polygenic architecture underlying thermal traits and/or standing capacity for phenotypic plasticity. Given the prolific invasion of Urosalpinx, our study suggests population success in new environments is influenced by factors other than selection on standing genetic variation that underlies local adaptation in the native range and highlights the importance of considering population history and environmental selection pressures when evaluating adaptive capacity.
Abscisic acid‐, stress‐, ripening‐induced 2 like protein, TaASR2L, promotes wheat resistance to stripe rust
Authors: Wang Qiao , Tang Yaqi , Li Ying , Ren Jun , Zuo Hongxu , Cheng Peng , Li Qiang , Wang Baotong 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWheat stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst), is one of the most destructive wheat diseases. The plant hormone abscisic acid (ABA) plays a key regulatory role in plant response to stress. ABA‐, stress‐, ripening‐induced proteins (ASR) have been shown to be abundantly induced in response to biotic and abiotic stresses to protect plants from damage. However, the function of wheat ASR2‐like protein (TaASR2L) in plants under biotic stress remains unclear. In this study, transient silencing of TaASR2L using a virus‐induced gene silencing system substantially reduced wheat resistance to Pst. TaASR2L interaction with serine/arginine‐rich splicing factor SR30‐like (TaSR30) was validated mainly in the nucleus. Knockdown of TaSR30 expression substantially reduced wheat resistance to Pst. Overexpression of TaASR2L and TaSR30 demonstrated that they can promote the expression of ABA‐ and resistance‐related genes to enhance wheat resistance to Pst. In addition, the expression levels of TaSR30 and TaASR2L were substantially increased by exogenous ABA, and the resistance of wheat to Pst was increased, and the expression of PR genes was induced. Therefore, these results suggest that TaASR2L interacts with TaSR30 by promoting PR genes expression and enhancing wheat resistance to Pst.
Seduction and Fidelity: Cunning and Power Relationships an Ethnographic Exploration in an Intensive Care Unit During the Covid‐19 Crisis
Authors: Philippe Bonneels 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTSedufidelity—the contraction of seduction and fidelity—offers an interesting perspective for reflecting on the role of relationships and the ethics of care in highly technical healthcare settings. Understanding sedufidelity could help mitigate the observed social ruptures and promote a more humane approach to healthcare. However, challenges remain regarding its implementation, particularly in terms of building trust and loyalty towards management and healthcare policymakers. Furthermore, initiatives such as the ‘haie de déshonneur’ (‘hedge of dishonour’) can highlight the need and form of recognition sought by caregivers, given their strong symbolism. However, other actions can also be considered to strengthen relationships and attention paid to caregivers, such as a prior consultation.
Atrial Fibrillation in Young Patients: Insights From the National Inpatient Sample
Authors: Kotta Prasanti A. , Patel Tusharbhai J. , Nambi Vijay , Misra Arunima , Afshar Hamid , Chelu Mihail G. , Saeed Mohammad , Abramov Dmitry , Minhas Abdul Mannan Khan 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe burden of atrial fibrillation (AF) hospitalizations in young patients is not well characterized. We aimed to study the burden, comorbidities, outcomes, and resource utilization of AF hospitalizations in young patients.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective analysis of all primary AF hospitalizations in patients 18–45 years of age using the National Inpatient Sample data from January 1, 2008 to December 31, 2019. We collected data on various clinical and socioeconomic features including demographics and clinical outcomes.ResultsAF hospitalizations decreased over time from 18.7 per 100,000 in 2008 to 13.0 per 100,000 in 2019 (p < 0.001). AF hospitalizations were higher amongst males compared to females (24.0 vs. 7.5 per 100,000), and higher in Black patients compared to other ethnicities (20.4 for Black vs. 15.6 for White vs. 8.5 Hispanic per 100,000). The utilization of electrical cardioversion increased from 17.6% in 2008 to 21.9% in 2019 (p < 0.001), and catheter ablation decreased from 7.1% in 2008 to 4.3% in 2019 (p < 0.001). Men were more likely to undergo electrical cardioversion than women (20.1% vs. 14.8%, p < 0.001). White patients were more likely to undergo electrical cardioversion (20.8% vs. 14.3% vs. 15.5%, p < 0.001) and catheter ablation (6.1% vs. 3.3% vs. 4.2%, p < 0.001) compared to Black and Hispanic patients, respectively. Patients in the highest income residence quartile were more likely to undergo electrical cardioversion (21.9% vs. 16.4%, p < 0.001) and catheter ablation (8.0% vs. 3.7%, p < 0.001) compared to patients in the lowest income residence quartile.ConclusionsWe found significant differences in inpatient AF management based on sex, ethnicity, and SES.
A grounded theory of cognitive analytic reflective practice groups
Authors: Priddy Sasha , Kellett Stephen , Goodall Shona , Cotton Rachael 
Published: November 2024

AbstractObjectivesWhilst cognitive analytic therapy (CAT) is increasingly used as an indirect intervention, there is little evidence of how the approach can be applied to reflective practice. This study sought to develop a process model of cognitive analytic reflective practice (CARP) groups.DesignConstructivist grounded theory approach supplemented by quantitative measures of helpfulness and group cohesion.MethodsTwenty‐four participants, working within four staff teams in a secure children's home, attended four CARP groups over a 1‐year period. Sessions were audio recorded, transcribed and checked for model fidelity and then analysed using grounded theory. Theoretical sampling was achieved via conducting focus groups with teams informed by the emergent categories, and using sessional measures of group cohesion and helpfulness to confirm theoretical saturation.ResultsThe model constructed had three interrelated main categories: ‘facilitator processes: establishing a reflective space’, ‘group processes: widening awareness of the self, others, and system’ and ‘outcomes: changing relational dynamics and finding exits.’ The model was validated by evidence from the measures.ConclusionsThe model offers an empirical understanding of how CAT informs reflective practice through a better understanding of reciprocity in the dynamics of care systems.