bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the impact of Medicare Benefits Schedule changes on breast cancer screening in Australia
Authors: Olaleye Abiola O. , Kabir Enamul , Khanam Rasheda 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Breast cancer is a major global health concern, with substantial mortality and incidence rates. This study aims to assess the impact of these MBS policy changes on breast cancer screening services in Australia.
Methods
An interrupted time series (ITS) analysis, incorporating segmented regression and Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) models, was employed to evaluate the impact of MBS policy changes.
Results
The introduction of 3DBT led to a significant decrease in mammography scans but did not alter the total number of breast cancer screening scans. The second policy change in May 2020, restricting eligibility criteria, did not show a significant impact on the number of scans or associated benefits.
Conclusion
The study suggests that the introduction of 3DBT for breast cancer screening in Australia led to a shift in imaging modalities with associated cost increases. However, the policy change aimed at restricting eligibility criteria did not result in a significant reduction in costs.
Navigating Boundaries: Daily Dynamics of Work-Personal Life Relationship Among Digital Nomads
Authors: Carvalho Vânia , Estreder Yolanda , Chambel Maria José 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Digital nomads face unique challenges in maintaining a sustainable work-life balance. The fluid nature of their work, characterized by frequent changes in location and the absence of traditional workplace boundaries, can blur the lines between professional and personal life. We draw upon boundary theory and Conservation of Resources Theory to investigate how daily changes in the digital nomads’ workplace environment moderates the relationship between boundary violation and ability to maintain work-personal life segmentation. Moreover, we explore how companionship can moderate the relationship between work-personal life segmentation enactment and work-personal life balance.
Methods
A total of 96 participants completed a 9-day daily diary study. Participants created a unique personal code to ensure data matching across the daily questionnaires. This resulted in 864 data points at the within-subject level.
Results
Our analysis reveals that daily boundary violations negatively affect work-personal life segmentation, with this effect amplified for individuals experiencing greater instability in their daily work environment. Moreover, the study demonstrates that successfully adapting boundaries between work and personal life roles on a daily basis contributes to an enhanced perception of work-life balance. Notably, our findings highlight the moderating role of companionship in this relationship, suggesting that having companions can help stabilize the dynamic between daily work-personal life segmentation efforts and overall work-life balance.
Conclusion
This study highlights the importance of boundary management in supporting the work-life balance of digital nomads. The findings suggest that promoting segmented boundary management strategies and creating more structured work environments and social support could be beneficial for this growing workforce.
Evaluating Dendritic Cell Vaccination Therapy for Multiple Myeloma: A Systematic Review
Authors: Khanmiri Jamal Motallebzadeh , Khani-Eshratabadi Mohammad , Oskouei Mahdis Helmi , Seddighi Narjes , Haddadi Maryam , Esmaeili Sina , Khanahmad Alireza , Alizadeh Mohsen , Baghbanzadeh Amir , Baradaran Behzad 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objective
Multiple myeloma (MM) presents significant challenges in treatment, necessitating the exploration of innovative therapeutic strategies. Standard treatments, such as chemotherapy and stem cell transplantation, have limitations, particularly regarding adverse effects and relapse rates. This systematic review aims to evaluate the potential of dendritic cell (DC) vaccination therapy as a promising approach in MM management, contributing to the expanding range of therapeutic options for this complex hematologic malignancy.
Methods
A systematic search was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, ProQuest, and Web of Science databases to identify relevant studies. Strict inclusion criteria were applied to select studies within the review’s scope, and a rigorous quality assessment was performed using Cochrane risk-of-bias tools. Evaluation parameters included remission rates, survival outcomes, and immunological impacts.
Results
From an initial pool of 2,923 studies, 15 were deemed eligible for inclusion. The analysis revealed that DC vaccination therapy demonstrated efficacy in inducing both complete and partial remissions and showed potential in enhancing immune responses. Significant improvements were observed in various immune cell populations and cytokine levels, indicating a multifaceted therapeutic mechanism.
Conclusion
This review highlights the potential of DC vaccination therapy as a viable treatment option for MM. While the observed outcomes are promising, further research is necessary to refine administration protocols, optimize treatment efficacy, and ensure long-term safety and sustainability. Advancing our understanding and application of DC vaccination therapy could significantly impact MM management and improve patient outcomes by offering more effective and personalized treatment strategies.
Mixed infections with Multiple Opportunistic Pathogens Resulting in Osteolytic Destruction and Acute Respiratory Failure: A Case Report
Authors: Huang Yanmei , Zheng Fei , Cao Wenjuan , Qiu Ye , Pan Mianluan , Lin Hairong , Yu Haiqiong , Zhang Jianquan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

This study reports a case of disseminated infection caused by Cryptococcus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Aspergillus, and Mycobacterium abscessus in a diabetic patient. Male, 67 years old, presented with cough, sputum production, and bone pain. Chest computed tomography revealed a cavitary lesion in the dorsal segment of the left lower lobe, and lung tissue biopsy pathology confirmed a diagnosis of pulmonary cryptococcosis. Following antifungal therapy, the respiratory symptoms improved; however, the bone pain remained unresolved. Upon discontinuation of the medication, symptoms recurred and worsened, accompanied by fever and respiratory failure. Sputum culture revealed Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Next-generation sequencing analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid identified concurrent infections with Mycobacterium abscessus and Aspergillus fumigatus. Ultimately, the patient recovered and was discharged after targeted therapy.
Postoperative factors underlying the high recurrence rates of perforated colorectal cancer: a single-center retrospective observational study
Authors: Takagi Makoto , Kim Seongcheol , Suzuki Masaomi , Takayama Tetsuyoshi , Asano Hiroshi 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Perforated colorectal cancer is known to exhibit a higher recurrence rate than conventional colorectal cancer; however, the reasons for this difference are unclear. This study identifies factors affecting recurrence in patients with perforated colorectal cancer who underwent R0 surgery.
Methods
Consecutive patients with stages II or III perforated colorectal cancer who underwent radical surgery at a single center between 2007 and 2020 were included in this study. The comparison group consisted of patients with non-perforated, non-obstructive, conventional colorectal cancer who underwent surgery during the same period. The clinicopathological background factors (sex, age, wall depth, Ly factor, v factor, differentiation, postoperative complications, and postoperative adjuvant therapy) of perforated and conventional colorectal cancers were investigated. Factors influencing recurrence were also examined in patients who were followed up after surgery.
Results
Eighty-nine perforated and 323 non-perforated cases were included in the study. The median age was 74 and 73 years in the perforated and non-perforated groups, respectively. The perforated cases had significantly more T4-stage tumors (39% vs. 18%, p < 0.001), significantly fewer lymph node dissections (10 vs. 17, p < 0.001), and a higher rate of postoperative complications (46% vs. 7%, p < 0.001). Postoperatively, 55 perforated and 284 non-perforated cases were available for follow-up. Univariate analysis revealed that perforation, T4 stage, lymph node metastases, and postoperative complications were associated with significantly higher recurrence rates. Additionally, multivariate analysis identified T4 stage and lymph node metastases as independent risk factors. Distant metastases to the liver was the most common in both groups. However, while there was no significant difference in recurrence rates between perforation types, proximal perforation was associated with more distant recurrences, whereas peritoneal recurrences were frequent in patients with perforation of the tumor site.
Conclusions
Perforated colorectal cancer has a higher recurrence rate than conventional colorectal cancer due to its association with more advanced stages of the disease, such as T4 tumors and lymph node metastasis. Adjuvant chemotherapy can help lower recurrence rates, but understanding the risk of recurrence based on cancer stage is important. Definitive R0 surgery is recommended for perforation at the cancer site to help prevent recurrence.
Kupffer phase radiomics signature in Sonazoid contrast-enhanced ultrasound predicts immunohistochemistry marker expression in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Li Chen , Liu Yuan , Wu Mingxiao , Dai Weide , Song Jinghai , Wang Hanzhang , Wang Yong 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Purpose: Few studies have explored the value of radiomics signatures in predicting immunohistochemical (IHC) staining markers. This study aimed to investigate and validate radiomics models based on the Kupffer phase of Sonazoid contrast-enhanced intraoperative ultrasonography (S-CEUS) images for predicting IHC marker expression in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
Method: Overall, 113 consecutive patients diagnosed with HCC between November 2019 and May 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. Histopathological assessment included IHC staining for GS, CD10, GPC3, and HSP70. Radiomic features extracted from S-CEUS images were selected and analyzed. A Naïve Bayes classifier was employed to predict IHC marker expression in HCC, using selected clinical biomarkers and radiomic features.
Results: For GPC3, the radiomics classifier achieved a macro-average area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.700, indicating strong performance. For GS, both radiomics and combined clinical-radiomics classifiers exhibited strong discrimination (AUCs: 0.870 and 0.882, respectively). The radiomics classifier outperformed clinical biomarkers (total and direct bilirubin) in predicting CD10, with a macro-average AUC of 0.834. However, its accuracy decreased for higher HSP70 marker expression levels (AUC: 0.694). These findings underscore the consistent effectiveness of radiomics across different IHC markers when compared to traditional clinical approaches.
Conclusions: The Kupffer phase in the S-CEUS-based radiomics signature is an excellent biomarker for predicting IHC marker expression in patients with HCC.
The role of lipids in promoting hair growth through HIF-1 signaling pathway
Authors: Seo Jieun , Matsumoto Kotone , Nanmo Ayaka , Tu Shan , Jeong Do-Won , Chun Yang-Sook , Lei Yan , Kageyama Tatsuto , Fukuda Junji 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Understanding the underlying mechanisms regulating hair regeneration is crucial, especially given the increasing demand for effective drugs to treat hair loss, which remain not fully elucidated. In the present study, we found that lipid metabolism was attenuated in the scalp tissues of patients with androgenetic alopecia. Lipid supplementation in the culture medium upregulated hair growth-related genes and promoted the proliferation of human dermal papilla cells (DPCs). By using RNA-sequencing analysis and HIF-1a knockdown in DPCs, we found that HIF-1a is a potential candidate that governs lipid-reinforced upregulation of trichogenic genes. Finally, we assessed the hair growth-promoting effects of lipids using in vitro hair follicle organoids and found that lipids accelerated the elongation of hair-shaft-like structures. Our results highlight the importance of lipids in promoting hair growth through HIF-1 signaling, suggesting that this may be a promising target for the treatment of hair loss.
Case Report: Smudge Cells a Valuable Prognostic Marker in Infectious Mononucleosis
Authors: Kapshikar Rajvardhan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Infectious mononucleosis is a very common infection. It is mostly caused by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) belonging to herpesviridae or sometimes by the other member, Cytomegalovirus (CMV). It spreads through saliva. It has typical symptoms like fever, extreme fatigue, sore throat and tonsillitis, enlarged lymph nodes in the neck, armpit, skin rashes, body ache, and obstruction in the upper respiratory tract, enlarged spleen and liver. It can have other complications like anemia, encephalitis, meningitis, inflammation of the kidney, heart muscles, and rupture of the spleen. Laboratory diagnosis is costly. The physician may order heterophile antibody tests (mono-test), EBV or CMV specific antibody tests, and viral DNA load. Financially weaker patients do not want to go for such tests. In this study we suggest careful observation of a blood smear for atypical lymphocytes and smudge cells (Downey cells) could also be the cheapest way to look at the problem, although it is not a confirmatory test.
Improving access to urban piped drinking water services in Africa: a scoping review
Authors: Weston Sally L. , Nijhawan Anisha , Reddy Olivia , Kulabako Robinah , MacCarthy Joseph M. , Kayaga Sam , Howard Guy 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Access to reliable and safe piped drinking water protects public health and provides a range of social and other benefits. There has been substantial investment across Africa to improve access to piped water supply in urban areas of Africa, but the evidence on which approaches are most effective is sparse. We undertook a scoping review to identify studies in the published and grey literature that provide evidence on projects to improve access to piped water supply in urban areas of Africa. Available evidence is sparse and concentrated in a small number of countries. While progress has been made to increase access to piped water supply, benefits to low-income populations have been lower than for high-income groups. More projects focused on physical expansion of infrastructure rather than use of financial and economic measures, despite evidence of financial barriers being important in restricting access. There was mixed evidence that expansion of services improved service quality with several instances of deteriorating services found. The narrow literature base identified in this review highlights the urgent need for rigorous studies of effective approaches, which is essential to build upon successful interventions that hold the most promise for the future.
Assessment of Educational Needs of Patients in Clinical Hematology Towards the Implementation of a Structured Therapeutic Education Program
Authors: El Habchi Maha , Gazzaz Hassane , El Ouardi Abdelghani , El Aatik Yassine , Doghmi Kamal 
Published: November 2024

Introduction
This study was conducted to assess the knowledge of patients with clinical hematology conditions and determine their educational needs in order to develop an adapted therapeutic education program in the clinical hematology department at Mohammed V Military Instruction Hospital. The objective was to identify areas where patients lack understanding in order to improve their management of the disease.

Objective
The objective of this study is to identify the educational needs of patients in clinical hematology.

Methods
The majority of patients have a good understanding of the essential aspects of their disease and treatment. However, significant gaps remain in understanding aspects related to disease acceptance, pain management, and relational and intimate issues. Patients have expressed a heightened need for information on practical aspects such as biological tests, fatigue management, and diet.

Results
Relational and intimate aspects are often perceived as less prioritized despite their importance. Religious beliefs play a significant role in how patients perceive their illness, with the majority viewing the disease as a form of predetermined fate.

Conclusion
The study highlights the importance of designing a therapeutic education program that addresses the specific needs of patients while considering their priorities and personal beliefs. The results emphasize the need to fill the identified gaps in understanding less addressed aspects of the disease and treatment. Therapeutic education program must be tailored to individual patients' needs to improve their overall management and quality of life.
Effectiveness of Digital Health Interventions in Promoting Physical Activity Among College Students: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Bi Siyuan , Yuan Junfeng , Wang Yanling , Zhang Wenxin , Zhang Luqin , Zhang Yongjuan , Zhu Rui , Luo Lin 
Published: November 2024

Background
Recent studies offer conflicting conclusions about the effectiveness of digital health interventions in changing physical activity behaviors. In addition, research focusing on digital health interventions for college students remains relatively scarce.

Objective
This study aims to examine the impact of digital health interventions on physical activity behaviors among college students, using objective measures as outcome indicators.

Methods
In accordance with the 2020 PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines, a comprehensive literature search was conducted across several databases, including MEDLINE (PubMed), Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and EBSCO (CINAHL Plus with full text), to identify relevant intervention studies published up to June 6, 2023. The inclusion criteria specified studies that examined the quantitative relationships between digital health interventions and physical activity among adults aged 18 years to 29 years, focusing on light physical activity (LPA), moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA), sedentary time (ST), or steps. Non–randomized controlled trials were excluded. The quality of the studies was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. Results were synthesized both narratively and quantitatively, where applicable. When sufficient homogeneity was found among studies, a random-effects model was used for meta-analysis to account for variability.

Results
In total, 8 studies, encompassing 569 participants, were included in the analysis. The primary outcomes measured were LPA, MVPA, ST, and steps. Among these studies, 3 reported on LPA, 5 on MVPA, 5 on ST, and 3 on steps. The meta-analysis revealed a significant increase in steps for the intervention group compared with the control group (standardized mean difference [SMD] 0.64, 95% CI 0.37-0.92; P<.001). However, no significant differences were observed between the intervention and control groups regarding LPA (SMD –0.08, 95% CI –0.32 to 0.16; P=.51), MVPA (SMD 0.02, 95% CI –0.19 to 0.22; P=.88), and ST (SMD 0.03, 95% CI –0.18 to 0.24; P=.78).

Conclusions
Digital health interventions are effective in increasing steps among college students; however, their effects on LPA, MVPA, and sedentary behavior are limited.

Trial Registration
PROSPERO CRD42024533180; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=533180
Community Versus Facility-Based Services to Improve the Screening of Active Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Cambodia: The ANRS 12384 CAM-C Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial—Protocol for a Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Mosnier Emilie , Ségéral Olivier , Neth Sansothy , Sagaon-Teyssier Luis , Khuon Dyna , Phoeung Chan Leakhena , Mam Sovatha , Chhay Chhingsrean , Heang Kimeang , Duclos-Vallée Jean Charles , Saphonn Vonthanak 
Published: November 2024

Background
In Cambodia, hepatitis C constitutes a significant public health challenge, particularly among older adults (>45 years) for whom prevalence is estimated to be 5%. To facilitate the elimination of hepatitis C among the general population, enhancing access to screening and treatment is imperative. In this regard, the evaluation of community-based screening programs emerges as a crucial step toward improving health care accessibility.

Objective
This study aims to assess the comparative efficacy of a community-based versus a facility-based approach in enhancing the uptake of hepatitis C antibody testing among the general population older than 40 years of age in Cambodia.

Methods
The CAM-C (Community Versus Facility-Based Services to Improve the Screening of Active Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Cambodia) study uses a cluster-randomized controlled trial design across two Cambodian provinces to compare community-based and facility-based hepatitis testing interventions. Sampling involves a multistage cluster approach, targeting individuals older than 40 years of age due to their higher prevalence and risk of chronic hepatitis complications. This study incorporates a qualitative analysis of acceptability and a cost-effectiveness comparison. Interventions include facility-based testing with subsequent referral and community-based testing with direct in-home assessments. Follow-up for positive cases involves comprehensive management and potential direct-acting antiviral treatment. This study aims to identify a significant increase in testing uptake, requiring the screening of 6000 individuals older than 40 years of age, facilitated by a structured sampling and intervention approach to minimize contamination risks.

Results
The final protocol including the quantitative, qualitative, and cost-effectiveness part of the study was registered and was approved in 2019 by the National Ethical Cambodian for Health Research. Inclusions were completed by mid-2024, with analyses starting in May 2024.

Conclusions
Using a mixed methods approach that combines a robust methodology (cluster-randomized controlled trial) with a cost-effectiveness analysis and qualitative research, such a study should provide invaluable information to guide the Ministry of Health in its hepatitis C virus screening strategy and move toward elimination.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03992313; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03992313

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
DERR1-10.2196/63376
Obesity: Complications, Complexities and Care Considerations
Authors: Hittepole Bridget 
Published: November 2024

Obesity is a chronic metabolic disorder that continues to increase in prevalence in the United States and the world. It is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and multiple malignancies. The pathophysiology of obesity is extremely complicated and not entirely understood but multiple factors and mechanisms involving conscious diet patterns, food quality and availability, neurotransmitters in the brain and gut driving satiety and hunger, and patterns of physical activity play a role. There are treatment options available for obesity including surgery and medication for many patients who suffer with this disease when proper diet and physical activity do not achieve sustained remission.