bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thalamocortical dysrhythmia detected by machine learning
Authors: Vanneste Sven , Song Jae-Jin , De Ridder Dirk 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThalamocortical dysrhythmia (TCD) is a model proposed to explain divergent neurological disorders. It is characterized by a common oscillatory pattern in which resting-state alpha activity is replaced by cross-frequency coupling of low- and high-frequency oscillations. We undertook a data-driven approach using support vector machine learning for analyzing resting-state electroencephalography oscillatory patterns in patients with Parkinson’s disease, neuropathic pain, tinnitus, and depression. We show a spectrally equivalent but spatially distinct form of TCD that depends on the specific disorder. However, we also identify brain areas that are common to the pathology of Parkinson’s disease, pain, tinnitus, and depression. This study therefore supports the validity of TCD as an oscillatory mechanism underlying diverse neurological disorders.
Functional architecture of reward learning in mushroom body extrinsic neurons of larval Drosophila
Authors: Saumweber Timo , Rohwedder Astrid , Schleyer Michael , Eichler Katharina , Chen Yi-chun , Aso Yoshinori , Cardona Albert , Eschbach Claire , Kobler Oliver , Voigt Anne , Durairaja Archana , Mancini Nino , Zlatic Marta , Truman James W. , Thum Andreas S. , Gerber Bertram 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe brain adaptively integrates present sensory input, past experience, and options for future action. The insect mushroom body exemplifies how a central brain structure brings about such integration. Here we use a combination of systematic single-cell labeling, connectomics, transgenic silencing, and activation experiments to study the mushroom body at single-cell resolution, focusing on the behavioral architecture of its input and output neurons (MBINs and MBONs), and of the mushroom body intrinsic APL neuron. Our results reveal the identity and morphology of almost all of these 44 neurons in stage 3 Drosophila larvae. Upon an initial screen, functional analyses focusing on the mushroom body medial lobe uncover sparse and specific functions of its dopaminergic MBINs, its MBONs, and of the GABAergic APL neuron across three behavioral tasks, namely odor preference, taste preference, and associative learning between odor and taste. Our results thus provide a cellular-resolution study case of how brains organize behavior.
Estrogen receptor α drives pro-resilient transcription in mouse models of depression
Authors: Lorsch Zachary S. , Loh Yong-Hwee Eddie , Purushothaman Immanuel , Walker Deena M. , Parise Eric M. , Salery Marine , Cahill Michael E. , Hodes Georgia E. , Pfau Madeline L. , Kronman Hope , Hamilton Peter J. , Issler Orna , Labonté Benoit , Symonds Ann E. , Zucker Matthew , Zhang Tie Yuan , Meaney Michael J. , Russo Scott J. , Shen Li , Bagot Rosemary C. , Nestler Eric J. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractMost people exposed to stress do not develop depression. Animal models have shown that stress resilience is an active state that requires broad transcriptional adaptations, but how this homeostatic process is regulated remains poorly understood. In this study, we analyze upstream regulators of genes differentially expressed after chronic social defeat stress. We identify estrogen receptor α (ERα) as the top regulator of pro-resilient transcriptional changes in the nucleus accumbens (NAc), a key brain reward region implicated in depression. In accordance with these findings, nuclear ERα protein levels are altered by stress in male and female mice. Further, overexpression of ERα in the NAc promotes stress resilience in both sexes. Subsequent RNA-sequencing reveals that ERα overexpression in NAc reproduces the transcriptional signature of resilience in male, but not female, mice. These results indicate that NAc ERα is an important regulator of pro-resilient transcriptional changes, but with sex-specific downstream targets.
Insight into point defects and impurities in titanium from first principles
Authors: Nayak Sanjeev K. , Hung Cain J. , Sharma Vinit , Alpay S. Pamir , Dongare Avinash M. , Brindley William J. , Hebert Rainer J. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractTitanium alloys find extensive use in the aerospace and biomedical industries due to a unique combination of strength, density, and corrosion resistance. Decades of mostly experimental research has led to a large body of knowledge of the processing-microstructure-properties linkages. But much of the existing understanding of point defects that play a significant role in the mechanical properties of titanium is based on semi-empirical rules. In this work, we present the results of a detailed self-consistent first-principles study that was developed to determine formation energies of intrinsic point defects including vacancies, self-interstitials, and extrinsic point defects, such as, interstitial and substitutional impurities/dopants. We find that most elements, regardless of size, prefer substitutional positions, but highly electronegative elements, such as C, N, O, F, S, and Cl, some of which are common impurities in Ti, occupy interstitial positions.
Prevalence of malocclusion in primary dentition in mainland China, 1988–2017: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Shen Lu , He Fang , Zhang Cai , Jiang Haofeng , Wang Jinhua 
Published: March 2018

AbstractMalocclusion is a common oral disease affecting children with various reported prevalence rates. This meta-analysis aimed to determine the epidemiological characteristics of malocclusion among pre-schoolers in mainland China from 1988 to 2017. A total of 31 qualified papers describing 51,100 Chinese children aged 2–7 years were selected. The pooled malocclusion prevalence was 45.50% (95% confidence interval (CI): 38.08–52.81%) with 26.50% Class I (CI: 19.96–33.12%), 7.97% Class II (CI: 6.06–9.87%) and 12.60% Class III (CI: 9.45–15.68%) cases. The most common type of malocclusion was overbite (33.66%, CI: 27.66–39.67%), and the flush terminal type (47.10%, CI: 28.76–65.44%) was the most common in the terminal plane relationship. An increasing trend and wide variations across the country were observed. Additionally, there was no significant difference in malocclusion by gender (relative risk (RR) = 1.01, [0.96–1.06]) or urban/rural area (RR = 0.99, [0.82–1.20]). Although this study represents a narrow view of deciduous-dentition malocclusion in mainland China, the results provide sample evidence that can aid clinicians and policy makers towards early prevention and timely treatment.
Shared and differential cortical functional abnormalities associated with inhibitory control in patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder
Authors: Tsujii Noa , Mikawa Wakako , Adachi Toru , Hirose Tomoyuki , Shirakawa Osamu 
Published: March 2018

AbstractSchizophrenia (SZ) and bipolar I disorder (BD-I) share genetic risk factors and cognitive impairments, but these conditions may exhibit differences in cortical functioning associated with inhibitory control. We measured hemodynamic responses during a stop-signal task using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) in 20 patients with SZ, 21 patients with BD-I and 18 healthy controls (HCs). We used stop-signal reaction time (SSRT) to estimate behavioural inhibition. Compared with HCs, patients with either SZ or BD-I exhibited significantly reduced activation in the bilateral inferior, middle and superior frontal gyri. Furthermore, patients with BD-I showed inactivation of the right superior temporal gyri compared with patients with SZ or HCs. Patients with SZ or BD-I demonstrated significant negative correlations between SSRT and hemodynamic responses of the right inferior frontal gyrus. Moreover, patients with SZ exhibited correlations in the middle and superior frontal gyri. Our findings suggest that right inferior frontal abnormalities mediate behavioural inhibition impairments in individuals with SZ or BD-I. Differential patterns of orbitofrontal or superior temporal functional abnormalities may reflect important differences in psychopathological features between these disorders.
Gene expression analysis of human adipose tissue-derived stem cells during the initial steps of in vitro osteogenesis
Authors: Robert Anny Waloski , Angulski Addeli Bez Batti , Spangenberg Lucia , Shigunov Patrícia , Pereira Isabela Tiemy , Bettes Paulo Sergio Loiacono , Naya Hugo , Correa Alejandro , Dallagiovanna Bruno , Stimamiglio Marco Augusto 
Published: March 2018

AbstractMesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been widely studied with regard to their potential use in cell therapy protocols and regenerative medicine. However, a better comprehension about the factors and molecular mechanisms driving cell differentiation is now mandatory to improve our chance to manipulate MSC behavior and to benefit future applications. In this work, we aimed to study gene regulatory networks at an early step of osteogenic differentiation. Therefore, we analyzed both the total mRNA and the mRNA fraction associated with polysomes on human adipose tissue-derived stem cells (hASCs) at 24 h of osteogenesis induction. The RNA-seq results evidenced that hASC fate is not compromised with osteogenesis at this time and that 21 days of continuous cell culture stimuli are necessary for full osteogenic differentiation of hASCs. Furthermore, early stages of osteogenesis induction involved gene regulation that was linked to the management of cell behavior in culture, such as the control of cell adhesion and proliferation. In conclusion, although discrete initial gene regulation related to osteogenesis occur, the first 24 h of induction is not sufficient to trigger and drive in vitro osteogenic differentiation of hASCs.
Perfusion Characteristics of Hepatocellular Carcinoma at Contrast-enhanced Ultrasound: Influence of the Cellular differentiation, the Tumor Size and the Underlying Hepatic Condition
Authors: Yang Dan , Li Rui , Zhang Xiao-Hang , Tang Chun-Lin , Ma Kuan-Sheng , Guo De-Yu , Yan Xiao-Chu 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThis study aimed to analyze the influence of the cellular differentiation, the tumor size and the underlying hepatic condition on the enhancement pattern of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) on contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS). 276 patients with single lesion ≤ 5 cm who underwent CEUS exam and were pathologically confirmed as HCC were retrospectively enrolled. Enhancement patterns, washout patterns, wash-in time and washout time were observed and recorded. During the arterial phase, more poorly differentiated HCCs (42.5%) and lesions > 3 cm (35.2%) performed inhomogeneous enhancement (p < 0.05). More well differentiated HCCs (63.4%) performed late washout or no washout while compared with moderately (37.8%) or poorly (24.1%) differentiated HCCs (p < 0.05). Poorly differentiated HCCs showed the shortest washout time (83.0 ± 39.8 s), moderately differentiated HCCs showed the moderate washout time (100.4 ± 52.1 s), and well differentiated HCCs showed the longest washout time (132.3 ± 54.2 s) (p < 0.05). Lesions > 3 cm (97.2 ± 51.3 s) washed out more rapidly than lesions ≤ 3 cm (113.9 ± 53.5 s) (p < 0.05). The dynamic enhancement procedure of HCC was influenced by the cellular differentiation and the tumor size. While, hepatic background showed no influence on the dynamic enhancement of HCC.
Femtosecond Mode-locked Fiber Laser at 1 μm Via Optical Microfiber Dispersion Management
Authors: Wang Lizhen , Xu Peizhen , Li Yuhang , Han Jize , Guo Xin , Cui Yudong , Liu Xueming , Tong Limin 
Published: March 2018

AbstractMode-locked Yb-doped fiber lasers around 1 μm are attractive for high power applications and low noise pulse train generation. Mode-locked fiber lasers working in soliton and stretched-pulse regime outperform others in terms of the laser noise characteristics, mechanical stability and easy maintenance. However, conventional optical fibers always show a normal group velocity dispersion around 1 μm, leading to the inconvenience for necessary dispersion management. Here we show that optical microfibers having a large anomalous dispersion around 1 μm can be integrated into mode-locked Yb-doped fiber lasers with ultralow insertion loss down to −0.06 dB, enabling convenient dispersion management of the laser cavity. Besides, optical microfibers could also be adopted to spectrally broaden and to dechirp the ultrashort pulses outside the laser cavity, giving rise to a pulse duration of about 110 fs. We believe that this demonstration may facilitate all-fiber format high-performance ultrashort pulse generation at 1 μm and may find applications in precision measurements, large-scale facility synchronization and evanescent-field-based optical sensing.
FYVE domain-containing protein ZFYVE28 regulates EGFR-signaling in podocytes but is not critical for the function of filtration barrier in mice
Authors: Zambrano Sonia , Rodriguez Patricia Q. , Guo Jing , Möller-Hackbarth Katja , Schwarz Angelina , Patrakka Jaakko 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe kidney ultrafiltration barrier is formed of endothelial cells, the glomerular basement membrane and podocytes. Podocytes have a central role in normal physiology and disease pathogenesis of the glomerulus. Signaling through epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in podocytes mediates development of many glomerular disease processes. In this work, we have identified zinc finger FYVE-type containing 28 (ZFYVE28) as a novel highly podocyte-enriched gene. We localize ZFYVE28 in podocyte foot processes in adult kidney. During glomerulogenesis, Zfyve28 is first expressed at the early capillary loop glomerulus. In cultured podocytes, we show that overexpression of ZFYVE28 promotes EGF-signaling, possibly by up-regulating EGFR expression and by modulating its localization. To study the role of ZFYVE28 in vivo, we generated both conventional and podocyte-specific knockout mouse lines. Kidneys developed normally in ZFYVE28-deficient mice. In adult mice, the absence of ZFYVE28 did not affect the maintenance of the filtration barrier. Moreover, ZFYVE28-deficiency did not affect the outcome of glomerular damage induced by injection of nephrotoxic serum. Taken together, we have identified Zfyve28 as a new molecular component of podocyte foot processes and show that it mediates EGF-signaling in podocytes. However, ZFYVE28 is not essential for the development or maintenance of the glomerulus filtration barrier.
Random networks of core-shell-like Cu-Cu2O/CuO nanowires as surface plasmon resonance-enhanced sensors
Authors: Hajimammadov Rashad , Bykov Alexander , Popov Alexey , Juhasz Koppany L. , Lorite Gabriela S. , Mohl Melinda , Kukovecz Akos , Huuhtanen Mika , Kordas Krisztian 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe rapid oxide formation on pristine unprotected copper surfaces limits the direct application of Cu nanomaterials in electronics and sensor assemblies with physical contacts. However, it is not clear whether the growing cuprous (Cu2O) and cupric oxides (CuO) and the formation of core-shell-like Cu-Cu2O/CuO nanowires would cause any compromise for non-contact optical measurements, where light absorption and subsequent charge oscillation and separation take place such as those in surface plasmon-assisted and photocatalytic processes, respectively. Therefore, we analyze how the surface potential of hydrothermally synthetized copper nanowires changes as a function of time in ambient conditions using Kelvin probe force microscopy in dark and under light illumination to reveal charge accumulation on the nanowires and on the supporting gold substrate. Further, we perform finite element modeling of the optical absorption to predict plasmonic behavior of the nanostructures. The results suggest that the core-shell-like Cu-Cu2O/CuO nanowires may be useful both in photocatalytic and in surface plasmon-enhanced processes. Here, by exploiting the latter, we show that regardless of the native surface oxide formation, random networks of the nanowires on gold substrates work as excellent amplification media for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy as demonstrated in sensing of Rhodamine 6G dye molecules.
The role of dipole interactions in hyperthermia heating colloidal clusters of densely-packed superparamagnetic nanoparticles
Authors: Fu Rong , Yan Yuying , Roberts Clive , Liu Zeyu , Chen Yiyi 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThis work aims to investigate the influence of inter-particle dipole interactions on hyperthermia heating colloidal clusters of densely-packed Fe3O4 nanoparticles at low field intensity. Emulsion droplet solvent evaporation method was used to assemble oleic acid modified Fe3O4 particles into compact clusters which were stabilized by surfactant in water. Both experimental and simulation works were conducted to study their heating performance at different cluster’s sizes. The dipole interactions improve the heating only when the clusters are small enough to bring an enhancement in clusters’ shape anisotropy. The shape anisotropy is reduced at greater clusters’ sizes, since the shapes of the clusters become more and more spherical. Consequently, the dipole interactions change to impair the heating efficiency at larger sizes. When the clusters are totally isotropic in shape, the heating efficiency is lower than that of non-interacting particles despite the cluster’s size, although the efficiency increases by a little bit at a particular size most likely due to the dipole couplings. In these situations, one has to use particles with higher magnetic anisotropy and/or saturation magnetization to improve the heating.
Carbon nanotubes and manganese oxide hybrid nanostructures as high performance fiber supercapacitors
Authors: Gong Wei , Fugetsu Bunshi , Wang Zhipeng , Sakata Ichiro , Su Lei , Zhang Xueji , Ogata Hironori , Li Mingda , Wang Chao , Li Ju , Ortiz-Medina Josue , Terrones Mauricio , Endo Morinobu 
Published: March 2018

AbstractManganese oxide (MnO2) has long been investigated as a pseudo-capacitive material for fabricating fiber-shaped supercapacitors but its poor electrical conductivity and its brittleness are clear drawbacks. Here we electrochemically insert nanostructured MnO2domains into continuously interconnected carbon nanotube (CNT) networks, thus imparting both electrical conductivity and mechanical durability to MnO2. In particular, we synthesize a fiber-shaped coaxial electrode with a nickel fiber as the current collector (Ni/CNT/MnO2); the thickness of the CNT/MnO2hybrid nanostructured shell is approximately 150 μm and the electrode displays specific capacitances of 231 mF cm−1. When assembling symmetric devices featuring Ni/CNT/MnO2coaxial electrodes as cathode and anode together with a 1.0 M Na2SO4aqueous solution as electrolyte, we find energy densities of 10.97 μWh cm−1. These values indicate that our hybrid systems have clear potential as wearable energy storage and harvesting devices.
La mécanique des biofilms à la surface de liquides
Authors: Douarche Carine , Bailleux Virginie , Even Catherine , Allain Jean-Marc , Regeard Christophe , Raspaud Éric 
Published: March 2018

Les micro-organismes peuvent coloniser les surfaces environnantes et s’organiser en un film de plusieurs centaines de microns d’épaisseur, appelé « biofilm ». Ils sécrètent une matrice extracellulaire polymérique qui assure une véritable cohésion et protection physique de la colonie, avec des effets qui peuvent être aussi bien bénéfiques que mortels pour son environnement.
Nous nous sommes intéressés aux forces mécaniques structurant cette matière vivante solide et contribuant à maintenir son intégrité. Nous avons travaillé sur des biofilms de bactéries flottant à la surface d’un liquide. Nous montrons que ces systèmes ont des propriétés mécaniques originales et remarquables, du fait de leur capacité à croître et proliférer.
Do Postpartum Levels of Apolipoproteins Prospectively Predict the Development of Type 2 Diabetes in Women with Previous Gestational Diabetes Mellitus?
Authors: Lappas Martha , Georgiou Harry M , Velagic Anida , Willcox Jane C , Permezel Michael , Shub Alexis 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Aims The risk of developing type 2 diabetes is greater in women with previous gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Apolipoprotein (Apo) species have been associated with the development of type 2 diabetes in the general population. The aim of this study was to determine if circulating levels of Apo species can predict development of type 2 diabetes in women with previous GDM.
Methods Apo AI, Apo AII, Apo B, Apo CII, Apo CIII and Apo E levels were measured in 95 women with normal glucose tolerance, 12 weeks following an index GDM pregnancy. Women were assessed for up to 10 years for the development of type 2 diabetes.
Results Postpartum Apo CIII levels, and Apo CIII/Apo AI, Apo CIII/Apo AII, Apo CIII/Apo CII, Apo CIII/Apo E and Apo E/Apo CIII ratios were significantly and positively associated with the development of type 2 diabetes. After controlling for age and BMI, these associations, except for the Apo E/Apo CIII ratio, remained significant. In a clinical model of prediction of type 2 diabetes that included age, BMI, and pregnancy and postnatal fasting glucose, the addition of Apo CIII levels, Apo CIII/Apo AI, Apo CIII/Apo AII, Apo CIII/Apo CII, and Apo CIII/Apo E resulted in a net reclassification improvement of 16.2%.
Conclusions High Apo CIII levels and the Apo CIII/Apo AI, Apo CIII/Apo AII, Apo CIII/Apo CII, and Apo CIII/Apo E ratios are all significant risk factors for the development of type 2 diabetes in women with a previous GDM pregnancy.
Fluorescein Staining of Intraocular Lenses
Authors: Gerding Heinrich 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Background Recent case reports have indicated that intraocular lenses may be discoloured by systemically or locally applied fluorescein. Since very few data are available on the susceptibility of intraocular lenses to fluorescein, an experimental survey on lens discolouration was performed.
Material and Methods Intraocular lenses fabricated from polmethylmethacrylate (PMMA), silicone, hydrophobic acrylic copolymers, and hydrophilic acrylic copolymers were exposed to 10% fluorescein. Staining effects were determined by standardised quantification of light transmission.
Results Intraocular lenses fabricated from PMMA, silicone, or hydrophobic acrylic copolymer did not exhibit any measurable dye uptake after exposure to fluorescein. Intensive and rapid discolouration occurred in hydrophilic acrylic intraocular lenses. The transmission of blue light was reduced by 22% after 1 second and by 74% after 10 minutes of dye exposure.
Conclusions The results indicate that hydrophilic acrylic intraocular lenses develop rapid and intensive discolouration and reduced light transmission after exposure to fluorescein. Lenses fabricated from other materials (PMMA, silicone, hydrophobic acrylic copolymers) were not discoloured by fluorescein staining.