bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reflexiones en torno a la construcción social del conocimiento turístico. Un acercamiento crítico epistemológico
Authors: Moscoso Florencia Viviana 
Published: July 2019

A partir de la segunda mitad del Siglo XX, el rápido y estable crecimiento que experimento el turismo, atrajo el interés por el desarrollo de las primeras investigaciones y estudios en turismo orientadas a la indagación de cuestiones comprobables, medibles y verificables (visión económica y mercadológica). Esta mirada respecto al conocimiento turístico ha sido catalogada de reduccionista, en la medida que no que entiende al turismo como un fenómeno atravesado por distintas dimensiones sociales. Resulta así esencial repensar el fenómeno turístico como objeto de estudio, destacando la importancia de lo social en la generación y construcción del conocimiento. En este sentido, tomando como referencia el pensamiento y aporte del enfoque crítico (Teoría Crítica y Fenomenología), el presente artículo intenta analizar de manera reflexiva el desarrollo de la epistemología del turismo. A través de la revisión y análisis de bibliografía, el trabajo tiene por objetivo abordar los siguientes aspectos: (1) Definición del turismo y su objeto de estudio, (2) Evolución de las investigaciones en turismo; (3) el enfoque crítico en la investigación turística; y (4) la importancia de la comunicación, diálogo e intersubjetividad en la producción de conocimiento. Por tanto, la investigación turística requiere de una actitud crítica e interpretativa que derive en el desarrollo de nuevos modelos cognoscitivos y nuevas formas pensar y actuar en la realidad.
Содержание радионуклидов плутония в донных отложениях солёных озёр Крыма в сравнении с прибрежными акваториями Чёрного моря
Authors: Параскив А. А. , Терещенко Н. Н. , Проскурнин В. Ю. 
Published: July 2019

Выполнена оценка уровней концентрации активности альфа-излучающих изотопов 239+240Pu в поверхностном слое (0–5 см) донных отложений десяти солёных озёр Крымского полуострова из четырёх географических групп. Установлено, что максимальные значения 239+240Pu характерны для донных осадков озёр морского происхождения из разных географических групп: оз. Кызыл-Яр ― (419 ± 27), оз. Джарылгач ― (443 ± 24), оз. Тобечикское ― (451 ± 43) мБк·кг-1 239+240Pu. Наименьшие уровни зафиксированы в озёрах континентального происхождения из Перекопской группы: оз. Киятское ― (24 ± 6), оз. Кирлеутское ― (48 ± 4), оз. Красное ― (95 ± 9) мБк·кг-1 239+240Pu. Сравнительный анализ концентрации активности 239+240Pu в поверхностном слое донных отложений показал, что в осадках прибрежных черноморских акваторий уровни 239+240Pu в среднем в 2 раза выше, чем в исследованных солёных озёрах западной части Крыма. Оценены дозовые нагрузки в илах поверхностного слоя соленых озёр. Показано, что мощности эквивалентных доз не превышали диапазон мощностей доз от природного радиационного фона.
Analysis Characteristics of Car Sales In E-Commerce Data Using Clustering Model
Authors: Sari Puspita Kencana , Purwadinata Adelia 
Published: July 2019

The number of car sales in e-commerce is currently increase along with the increasing use of the Internet in Indonesia. Purchases of Car in Indonesia are currently get higher, especially in used cars, which are a necessity for the community based on the odd-even system of car traffic policies currently applied in Jakarta. This research aims to study characteristics of clusters formed in e-commerce site to predict how are the car sales segmentation. Data is collected from big-two e-commerce site about car selling and buying in Indonesia. Clustering model is build using K-Means method and Davies Bouldin Index as evaluation of the clusters formed. The results show for both clusters, the first cluster has characteristic lowers sale price and older production year. The second cluster has higher price with latest production. From the model performance, evaluation from Davies Bouldin Index is quite good for both models.
Keywords : Big Data, Clustering, K-Means, E-Commerce
Orquestração de redes de inovação constituídas com o conceito de living lab para o desenvolvimento de inovações sociais
Authors: Da Silva Silvio Bitencourt , Bitencourt Claudia Cristina 
Published: July 2019

Neste artigo tem-se por objetivo investigar como são orquestradas redes de inovação constituídas com o conceito de living lab, para o desenvolvimento de inovações sociais. Pesquisa pautada na abordagem qualitativa, caracterizada como estudo de caso, tendo como base a coleta de dados a partir de 11 entrevistas semiestruturadas com os responsáveis por dois living labs brasileiros já vinculados a European Network of Living Labs (ENoLL). As interpretações dos textos foram realizadas por meio da técnica de análise de conteúdo e da técnica de adequação ao padrão a partir do conjunto de processos e ações específicas, denominado de “orquestração de redes de inovação”. O estudo promove a conexão da noção de “orquestração de recursos” preconizada na Visão Baseada em Recursos (VBR) com os processos de “orquestração de redes de inovação”. As evidências obtidas demonstram que a adição do processo de gestão da co-criação ao conjunto, reforçado através de algumas ações específicas (empoderamento, engajamento social e conexão social) permite a orquestração de redes de inovação para o desenvolvimento de inovações sociais constituídas em torno do conceito de living lab.
Predictors of antibiotics prescription for febrile patients: A health facility-based survey in the Greater Accra region of Ghana
Authors: Opoku Michael Mireku , Bonful Harriet Affran , Koram Kwadwo Ansah 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Introduction

Frequent or/and misguided prescription of antibiotics are important facilitators of the emergence and spread of antibiotic resistance. In the absence of the implementation of effective interventions to control antibiotic use, its consumption may quadruple. Antibiotic stewardship interventions must be appropriately targeted to enhance the proper use of antibiotics. The objective of this study was to determine the predictors of prescribing antibiotics to febrile patients who seek care in health facilities within the Greater Accra region of Ghana.

Methods

Secondary data obtained from a review of medical records of 2,519 febrile patients at the outpatient department of 6 health facilities in 3 municipalities during the baseline survey of a quasi-experiment in 2016, were used. In addition, sociodemographic data on the prescribers who saw the patients were obtained. The primary outcome was prescription of any antibiotic. Predictor variables included patients’ demographics, symptoms, laboratory investigations, diagnoses and prescribed medicines. Binary and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to determine the predictors of antibiotics prescription. Clustering was adjusted for in all the analyses.

Results

The prevalence of antibiotics prescription was 70.1% (95% CI: 67.7-72.4). Prescribers with 6 to 9 years and 10 or more years of practice experience were 3 (95% CI: 1.99, 4.44) and 1.6 (95% CI: 1.12, 2.27) times more likely to prescribe antibiotics, respectively (p < 0.001). IMCI training was associated with a 2.3 (95% CI: 1.54, 3.53, p < 0.001) times higher odds of antibiotic prescribing. Patients aged 5 years or more were 60% less likely to be prescribed antibiotics compared with those under 5 years (AOR=0.40, 95% CI: 0.32, 0.51; p<0.001). Patients referred for laboratory investigations were 29% less likely to be prescribed with antibiotics than those not referred. Presenting to the outpatient clinic with cough was associated with a 3.5 (95% CI: 2.54, 4.92) times higher odds of antibiotics prescribing.

Conclusion

Prescription of antibiotics to febrile patients was high. Promoting laboratory testing can potentially reduce irrational antibiotics prescribing. Prescribing antibiotics for children under five and the prescribing practices of experienced prescribers should be targeted with interventions.
Treatment outcome of tuberculosis patients at Debretabor General Hospital, Amhara, Northwest Ethiopia
Authors: Andualem Tesfaye , Taklual Wubet 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Introduction

Tuberculosis is still a global health problem. Especially, in developing countries where overcrowded and lack of awareness is existed. According to WHO, to monitor the effectiveness of tuberculosis prevention and control program, assessing tuberculosis outcome is important. The aim of this study was to determine treatment outcome of tuberculosis patients in Debretabor General Hospital, Debretabor, Northwest Ethiopia, 2019.

Materials and methods

A retrospective study was carried out between December 2016 to December 2018 from TB patients attending the health institutions of Debretabor General Hospital. All tuberculosis cases reported between 2016-2018 were reviewed carefully and analyzed. A total of 455 Tb patients were enrolled in this study and data were coded and entered in to the computer for statistical analysis using SPSS version 20 and Epi-info soft wares.

Result and Discussion

Within the study period a total of 455 study participants were requireted. Tuberculosis type was categorized as 88(18.0%) were smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis, 192(42.2%) were smear negative pulmonary tuberculosis and 181(39.8%) were extra pulmonary tuberculosis. Among the study subjects 86(18.9%) were HIV seropositive. Of the total study subjects, treatment completed (357)78.5%, cured (57)12.%, death (16)3.5%, treatment failure(4)0.9%, transfer out (21)4.6%. Good proportion of TB treatment success rate was in 15-44 yrs 310/326(95.0%) where as poor treatment success rate was in 0-14 years 26/42 (61.9%). Being an urban also has a high treatment success rate310/325(95.4%). 408(89.7%) were successfully treated.

Conclusion

The treatment success rate of tuberculosis patients was satisfactory 89.7%. In the study, treatment of HIV-TB co-infection need a better attention for good treatment outcome.
Molecular characterization of some landraces and varieties of Date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) from Afar region of Ethiopia using ISSR markers
Authors: Indracanti Meera , Mekonnen Dawud Takele , Tsegaw Mesfin 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Back ground

Date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) is one of the oldest fruit trees in hot arid region of the world including North Africa. In some areas of Afar region of Ethiopia, date palm grow as landraces, are in danger due to introduction of improved cultivars. Present study was carried out to fill knowledge gap about molecular diversity of this crop in Afar region. Molecular studies of 5 landraces and 3 introduced cultivars of date palm from Afar region of Ethiopia were tested using 21 randomly selected ISSR primers for amplification and polymorphism detection using genomic DNA. ISSR markers across 8 date palm varieties were scored for their presence (1) or absence (0). Shannon's Information index (I) and polymorphic information content (PIC) were analyzed by popGENE 32 and online PIC calculator respectively.

Results

17 out of 21 ISSR markers used for this study produced a total of 557 scorable DNA fragments with average of 33.52 per marker and 61.68, 43.93 and 68.22% polymorphism were obtained within local landraces, introduced varieties and among all samples respectively. The genetic distance among all samples ranged from 0.1402 to 0.5953; and the dendrogram separated date palm varieties into seven clusters. ISSR markers used for this study have high discrimination power and the average values of Shannon's information index and PIC were 0.318 and 0.76 respectively.

Conclusion

Genetic diversity was observed among all date palms studied in this investigation. To have better understanding on genetic diversity of date palm in the Afar region, further research should be done using SNP markers and landraces should be registered.
Alcohol drinking, smoking and food insecurity in Venezuelan parents as potential determinants of their children’s growth
Authors: Herrera Marianella , Rodríguez-Arroyo Greta , Vansant Greet , Roelants Mathieu , Soubry Adelheid , Macías-Tomei Coromoto , Landaeta-Jimenez Maritza , Lopez-Blanco Mercedes 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Life conditions are key factors for defining growth and development of future generations. Exposure of parents to alcohol, tobacco, food insecurity conditions and adverse socioeconomic environment as part of their lifestyle and quality of life, have been reported to affect their children’s health and wellbeing. Prenatal exposures have been extensively documented, but less is known about influences from parental harmful habits and disadvantaged environment during children‘s school years.
The aim of this study is to examine potential associations between parental habits and environmental socioeconomic conditions, including food security status, and anthropometric characteristics of their children.
Parental smoking, alcohol intake, food security, and socioeconomic status (SES) were explored in parents of 1730 children recruited at private and public schools in eight Venezuelan cities. These qualitative variables were collected through a semi-structured questionnaire. Weight, height and body mass index were measured using standardized methods in children. Height and BMI were converted to z-scores according to WHO international growth reference.
Low BMI z-scores in children were significantly associated with mothers consuming alcohol. The frequency of children with short height was higher in households with impaired access to quality foods and where mothers reported low and very low food security status.
In brief, our study indicates that social environment could have detrimental effects on child anthropometry thus, affecting their wellbeing.
Genotyping pepper varieties using Target SNP-seq reveals that population structure clusters according to fruit shape
Authors: Du Heshan , Yang Jingjing , Chen Bin , Zhang Xiaofen , Zhang Jian , Yang Kun , Geng Sansheng , Wen Changlong 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background
The widely cultivated pepper (Capsicum spp.) is one of the most diverse vegetables; however, little research has characterized the genetic diversity and relatedness of commercial varieties grown in China. In this study, a panel of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) was created that consisted of 97 perfect SNPs, which were identified using re-sequencing data from 35 diverse C. annuum lines. Based on this panel, a Target SNP-seq was designed that combined the multiplex amplification of the perfect SNPs with Illumina sequencing to detect polymorphisms across 271 commercial pepper varieties.

Results
The perfect SNPs panel had a high discriminating capacity due to the average value of polymorphism information content (PIC), observed heterozygosity (Ho), expected heterozygosity (He), and minor allele frequency (MAF), which were 0.31, 0.28, 0.4, and 0.31, respectively. Notably, the studied pepper varieties were morphologically categorized based on fruit shape; blocky, long horn, short horn, and linear-fruited. The long horn-fruited population exhibited the most genetic diversity followed by the short horn, linear, and blocky-fruited populations. A set of 35 core SNPs were then used as KASPar markers, another robust genotyping technique for variety identification. Analysis of genetic relatedness using principal component analysis (PCA) and phylogenetic tree construction indicated that the four fruit shape populations clustered separately with limited overlaps. Based on STRUCTURE clustering, it was possible to divide the varieties into five subpopulations, which correlated with fruit shape. Further, the subpopulations were statistically different according to a randomization test and Fst statistics. Notably, two SNP loci, CaSNP118 and CaSNP053, which are located on chromosome 11 and 6 were significantly associated with fruit shape (p < 1.0 × 10 -4)

Conclusions
Target SNP-seq developed in this study appears as an efficient power tool to detect the genetic diversity, population relatedness and molecular breeding in pepper. Moreover, this study demonstrates that the genetic structure of the pepper varieties is significantly influenced by breeding programs focused on fruit shape.
Effectiveness of innovative training models in building capacity of frontline health workers to manage Non-communicable diseases. A cross-sectional study in four counties in Kenya
Authors: kosgei Sarah , Kiilu Colleta , Jefferys Sarah , Aiello Alice , Were Christopher , Sifuma Bryson , Kimathi George , Kimeu Anastasiah 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Objectives

This research sought to evaluate the effectiveness of innovative learning approaches in training health workers for effective management and control of diabetes and childhood asthma.

Setting

Assessment was conducted in Kilifi, Nyeri, Nairobi and Kakamega counties in Kenya in selected sub-counties in the 4 counties.

Participants

Health workforce were randomly selected. Selection was stratified by county and model of training then inflated to account for loss to follow up and 382 participated based on availability and saturation.

Interventions

Based on high burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) specifically Diabetes and asthma in Kenya, AMREF and partners implemented a three-year project (June 2015 - May 2018) aimed at building the capacity of health workers to effectively manage and control the NCDs. It was implemented in 4 counties. The trainings were done using face to face, blended, elearning and mlearning.

Primary and secondary outcome measures

The research measured the effectiveness of the training models in improving the capacity of health workers to effectively manage and control the NCDs.

Results

The trainings appreciation rate was 95% across the four approaches. Health workers were well equipped with skills to address asthma (85.6%) and diabetes (94.2%). Satisfaction though lower in eLearning (64%) due to reliability of internet and learning platform downtime against mlearning (89%) and face to face (90%), all the training models were found to contribute to improved knowledge.

Conclusions

The different training models were very effective. The training was successful in increasing knowledge, confidence and commitment to spearhead the preventive and curative aspects of the illnesses. No training model was superior in terms of the degree of satisfaction, improving knowledge, shaping behaviour change and organisational performance.

Further research

There is need to asses an elearning / mlearning training model that is purely technology based and compare that with the blended approaches of learning.
Positively association between novel cardiac biomarkers soluble ST2 and heart Dosimetry parameter in thoracic cancer chest radiation
Authors: Zeng Zhi-Min , Xu Peng , Zhou Shan , Du Hai-yang , Jiang Xiao-liu , Cai Jing , Huang Long , Liu Anwen 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background

Early screening and diagnosis of radiation-induced heart disease are difficult in patients with chest radiation exposure. sST2 involved in myocardial stress or injury. We aimed to evaluate short-term sST2, B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and the left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF) changes and the relationship between sST2 and heart dose in patients who receive chest radiation.

Methods

We prospectively collected thoracic malignancy cancer patients from October 2016 to August 2018 who received chest radiotherapy. sST2 and BNP was measured before (recorded as preST2, preBNP), in the middle (recorded as midST2, midBNP) and after radiotherapy (recorded as postST2, postBNP). LVEF was detected using echocardiography before and after radiotherapy. BNP and sST2 among pre, mid, post groups were compared using nonparametric test. LVEF was compared using pair t-test. Standardized sST2 was calculated as postsST2/presST2. The correlation of standardized sST2 and heart dosimetry parameters were measured by Spearman’s correlation test.

Results

Sixty patients were enrolled, including 37(61.67%) lung cancer, 18(30.00%) esophageal cancer and 5 (8.33%) thymoma patients. The median preST2, midST2, postST2 was 3.86 (IQR1.56-8.37), 6.33 (IQR 2.01-9.32) and 8.00 (IQR 4.2- 10.9) respectively. sST2 elevated with the progression of thoracic irradiation (p<0.001). The median preBNP, midBNP and postBNP was 22.56 (IQR 7.25-63.5), 32.25 (IQR 18.85-52.97) and 32.41 (IQR 17.23-55.97), respectively. The mean preLVEF and postLVEF was 64.36 and 62.76, respectively. There was no significant change in BNP and LVEF after radiotherapy. Standardized sST2 was correlation with V5Gy, V10Gy, V20Gy, V30Gy, mean heart dose and left anterior descending artery (LAD) (V5Gy rs = 0.541, p = 0.00; V10Gy rs = 0.504, p = 0.00; V20Gy rs = 0.437, p = 0.001; V30Gy, rs = 0.305, p = 0.026; mean heart dose rs = 0.395, p = 0.003 and mean heart dose of LAD rs = 0.414, p = 0.002).

Conclusion

BNP and LVEF were not changed after thoracic radiation. Serum sST2 levels were elevated during radiotherapy and associated with heart dose parameters in thoracic malignant tumor patients. sST2 would be regarded as a potential early diagnostic marker for RIHD.
CLINICAL EXPERIENCE IN USING TARGETED THERAPY FOR DISSEMINATED GASTROINTESTINAL STROMAL TUMORS
Authors: Adlejba S. T. , Kogonija L. M. , Gurevich L. E. , Sidorov A. V. 
Published: July 2019

We report a case of disseminated gastrointestinal stromal tumor effectively treated with imatinib, a selective tyrosine kinase inhibitor.Background.Treatment of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST ) still remains a clinical challenge. Since 2001 a breakthrough has occurred in the treatment of patients with GIST due to a successful use of imatinib, the targeted drug from the group of tyrosine kinase inhibitors, which is effective in the first line of inoperable and/or metastatic GIST , and is also used for neoadjuvant and adjuvant therapy for localized GIST . Genetic mutational analysis used for the correct prescription of targeted therapy suggests that it is inappropriate to administer imatinib in patients with a mutation in the succinate dehydrogenase gene and D842V mutation in the platelet-derived growth factor gene. However, in different regions of the Russian Federation, such diagnostic procedure may not always be available for a number of technical reasons. The lack of response to therapy and, consequently, the progression of the disease, may be associated with a decrease in the therapeutic concentration of imatinib in the blood plasma. Determination of the concentration of active metabolites of imatinib in the serum allows timely identification of potential causes of insufficient response to therapy and individual correction of the dose of the drug.Material and Methods.To assess a significance of the correlation between increasing/decreasing the dose of imatinib and achieving a therapeutic response, we used a laboratory high-performance liquid chromatography method to determine the concentration of imatinib in serum.Conclusion.Determination of a decreased concentration of active metabolites of imatinib in plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography with detection of tandem mass spectrometry method in a patient with disseminated GIST allowed us to correct the dose of the drug and achieve a positive effect with a duration of 51 months (since the dose was increased). The method of high-performance liquid chromatography with the detection of the method of tandem mass spectrometry is not an absolute alternative to gene mutation analysis, however, it can be effectively used for correction of the dose of imatinib in patients with GIST.