bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chronic Kidney Disease and Urological Disorders: An Overview
Authors: Lai S. , Sciarra A. , Pierella F. , Pastore S. , Piloni L. , Salciccia S. , Perrotta A.M. , Protopapa P. , Pintus G. , Ricciuti G. , Ciccariello M. , Heland M. Von 
Published: April 2018

Introduction:Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a highly prevalent condition and it is a major risk factor for End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD), cardiovascular disease, and premature death. Some congenital and acquired anomalies of the kidneys and lower urinary tract (CAKUT and CALUT) are well-known causes of CKD and ESRD, but often remain undiagnosed and their prevalence is underestimated. This study aims to provide an overview that considered mainly some of the major congenital and acquired urological diseases that could lead to renal clinical manifestations common even to the most widespread renal pathologies, for which often underdiagnosed.Materials and Methods:PubMed search was conducted for available English literature describing the actual knowledge on congenital and acquired urological disorders determining acute and chronic kidney disease. Prospective and retrospective studies as well as meta-analyses and latest systematic reviews were included.Results:Most of the studies examined and reviewed were discarded for wrong population or intervention or deemed unfit, and only 87 met the inclusion criteria for the review. The studies included in the review related to urological disorders that may determine chronic and acute kidney disease.Conclusion:Some urological diseases, as CAKUT and CALUT, especially in adults, show symptoms, as renal failure, proteinuria and hypertension, very common to other kidney diseases, for this reason may remain undiagnosed and their prevalence is not completely known. Therefore, in doubtful cases, non-invasive and inexpensive tests, as cystourethrogram, should be made, to rule out urological disorders and if necessary, ultrasonography, urography and scintigraphy, might allow a correct and early diagnosis of these defects and thus adequate therapy, preventing or at least slowing down an evolution toward CKD and ESRD.
Aktivitas Larvisida Ekstrak Terpurifikasi Rimpang Zingiber zerumbet(L) Smith terhadap Larva Aedes aegypti
Authors: Murini Tri , Wahyuningsih Mae Sri Hartati , Tunggul Satoto Tri Baskoro , Fudholi Achmad - 
Published: April 2018

Saat ini ditemukan bahwa larva nyamuk telahÂ resisten terhadap larvisida konvensional. Oleh karena itu, penting untuk mengembangkan larvisida baru dari sumber bahan alam seperti rimpang Z. zerumbet, pada penelitian yang sebelumnya berpotensi sebagai larvisida pada Artemia salina Leach dan Anopheles nunestovary. Aktivitas larvisida ekstrak metanol rimpang Z. zerumbet yang telah dipurifikasi belum pernah diteliti. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji aktivitas larvisida ekstrak terpurifikasi rimpang Z. zerumbet terhadap larva Ae. aegypti. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksplorasi laboratories dengan rancangan post test-only control group. Penelitian iniÂ dilakukan pada dua ekstrak yaituÂ ekstrak metanol rimpang Z. zerumbet dan ekstrak metanol rimpang Z. zerumbet yang dipurifikasi dengan petroleum eter (PE). Dua puluh limaÂ larva instar III-IV Ae. aegyptiÂ dipapar dengan tujuh konsentrasi yang berbeda dari ekstrak metanol rimpang Z. zerumbet. Tingkat kematianÂ larva dihitung dan kemudian dianalisis dengan menggunakan regresi analisa probit untuk mendapatkan LC50. Setelah mengetahui LC50 tersebut, studi dilanjutkan dengan purifikasi ekstrak metanol Z. zerumbet menggunakan PE sebagai pelarut. Hasil ekstrak yang telah dipurifikasi baik yang larut maupun tidak larut PE diperlakukan padaÂ larva instar III-IV Ae.aegypti menggunakan metode yang sama seperti yangÂ disebutkan terdahulu. Nilai LC50 ekstrak metanol, larut PE dan tidak larut PE hasil purifikasi ekstrak metanol rimpang Z. zerumbet adalah 153,57Â±4,01 ppm; 67,01Â±2,35 ppm; dan 2287Â±147,91 ppm. Purifikasi ekstrak metanol rimpang Z. zerumbetÂ yang larut PE memiliki aktivitas larvisida yang kuat terhadap larva instar III-IVÂ Ae. aegyptiÂ dan mempunyai potensi untuk dikembangkan sebagai bahan larvisidaÂ baru.
Dominasi Pewarisan Pola Sidik Jari Whorl dalam Keluarga Karyawan Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Muhammadiyah Palembang
Authors: Mundijo Trisnawati , Purwoko Mitayani 
Published: April 2018

Setiap individu memiliki sifat turunan atau sifat warisan dari kedua orangtua. Salah satu sifat yang diwariskan yaitu pola sidik jari. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui bagaimana pewarisan pola sidik jari pada masyarakat kota Palembang khususnya pada karyawan Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Muhammadiyah Palembang. Penelitian ini berjenis observasional deskriptif dengan desain potong lintang. Sampel penelitian diambil secara keseluruhan dari karyawan yang memenuhi kriteria penelitian sebanyak 22 keluarga sehingga diperoleh 85 orang responden.Â Hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa pola sidik jari pada responden adalah whorl (62,3%), ulnar loop (35,3%), tented arch (2,2%), dan radial loop (0,2%). Pewarisan pola sidik jari dari orang tua ke anak terdiri dari 4 sifat pewarisan yaitu pola sidik jari anak sama dengan pola sidik jari kedua orang tua (46,4%), pola sidik jari anak sama persis dengan pola sidik jari ibu (24,4%), pola sidik jari anak yang sama persis dengan ayah (14,6%), serta pola sidik jari anak yang sama hanya dengan salah satu orang tua (14,6%). Alel yang mengatur pola sidik jari whorl kemungkinan merupakan alel yang bersifat dominan terhadap pola sidik jari lain.
Peningkatan Kemampuan Berkomunikasi dengan Menerapkan Metode Bercakap-Cakap pada Siswa Kelompok A TK Aisyiyah 1 Sawahan
Authors: Setiyatna Hery 
Published: April 2018

The research aims to report the improvement of the kindergarten students’ communication skill by implementing the chatting technique. This study is a collaborative action research. The subjects are group A kindergarten students at TK Aisyiyah 1 Sawahan. The data is collected by field notes then analyzed with comparative analysis and interactive techniques. Performance indicators for this research are the average child reaches the ability to communicate for (1) 50% in the first cycle, (2) 60% in the second cycle, and (3) 75% in the third cycle. This study was conducted in three cycles and each cycle consists of: (1) Plan­ning, (2) Acting, (3) Observing and (4) Reflecting.The result of this research indicated that chatting technique can improve the communication skill of group A kindergarten students in TK Aisyiyah 1 Sawahan, as teachers doing some reflections, the process of learning activities focused on students, and students were actively involved in the activities. The percentage of students communication skill before the action was less than 25%, the percentage of students' ability to communicate after the action on the first cycle increased to 43.75%, in the second cycle increased to 75%, in the third cycle increased to 93.75%.Keywords: chatting technique, communication skill, Group A kindergarten students
Hukuman dalam Pendidikan : Studi Komparatif Pemikiran Abdullah Nasih ‘Ulwan dan B.F. Skinner
Authors: Zuhri Ahmad Minan 
Published: April 2018

This study is based on the phenomenon of the cases number of punishment abuse in education. Punishment has become a favorite treatment chosen by teachers to control students, though not all educators choose it becomes habit. A discussion of punishment in order to educate the students, actually has been discussed several prominent Muslims and the West Islamic education Abdullah Nashih 'Ulwan, and the leaders of Western education for example B.F. Skinner. The education of the two figures, the authors tried to find out his thoughts about punishment in education. Furthermore, the authors compare these thoughts to determine the location of the similarities and differences, as well as the benefits and drawbacks. The results of this research are: 1) The idea of punishment in education according to Abd. Nasih 'Ulwan more emphasis on the moral requirements, while Skinner put more emphasis on human behavior; 2) Abd. Nashih 'Ulwan and Skinner do not agree with the punishment. The difference lies in the application of punishment in education. If Abd. Nashih 'Ulwan apply affectionate and gentle, while Skinner apply the principle of prudence. Keywords: Punishment in education, Abdullah Nashih 'Ulwan, B.F. Skinner
Analisis Pelaksanaan Microteaching Mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Agama Islam
Authors: Khuriyah Khuriyah 
Published: April 2018

The problem in this research is the implementation of microteaching in PAI departement FITK IAIN Surakarta has not been evaluated and need to know the urgency after the existence of several courses of learning strategy that is substantially the same as the implementation of microteaching activities.The research method used is descriptive, carried out for three months since April-June 2016. The population of this research is the students of semester V of academic year 2015/2016 that follow the microteaching of 450 students, the research sample is 260 students. The results show that: 1) The implementation of microteaching as a whole has fulfilled the provisions of microteaching implementation as stated in the microteaching guide book. Each student performs teaching practice as much as 4-5 times, previously required to prepare RPP which will be reviewed and corrected by supervisor (DPL). In implementing the teaching practice, students are required to practice one of the teaching strategies in accordance with the material to be submitted; 2) Although the students have obtained several courses of instructional strategies that note more of the practice of teaching both groups and individuals, but 81% of students stated that microteaching is still needed. Keywords: Analysis, Microteaching.
Estimation of Dual Polarization Weather Radar Variables
Authors: Mahmood Dalia A. 
Published: April 2018

Dual polarization weather radar has now become a widely used as instrument in meteorological offices around the world because of its capability in distinguishing different precipitation type and in improving the accuracy of quantitative precipitation estimation. The aim of this work is to estimate the polarimetry radar variables for radars of different frequency bands and study their behavior with rainfall rates.
Calculations of polarimetry radar variables were made on the basis of several assumptions. The results showed that factors at horizontal and vertical polarization, ZH,V, ranges between 20 dBz respectively, and more than 55 dBz for light rain and extreme heavy rain respectively, and radar reflectivity factor at horizontal ZH is greater than radar reflectivity factor at vertical ZV for all rainfall rates. The differential reflectivity, ZDR, also increases with increasing rainfall rates since it is the difference between ZH and Zv.
Calculations of specific differential attenuation indicated that X band radars are seriously atten-uated by rain and C band radars are less affected by rain. The specific differential attenuation, S band radars is very small. In addition to this feature, the results showed that the differential phase shift between return signals of horizontal and vertical polarizations for S band radars is much less than those for C and X band radars, and also, the results showed that the co-polarization correlation coefficient for S band the radars is much higher than those of C and X bands.
In order to investigate the accuracy of the calculated polarimetric weather radar variables per-formed in this research, real radar measurements were used for this purpose. Results indicated that the range of values for calculated polarimetric radar variables are very consistent with range of values for measured variables
System Level Study of LTE-Advanced Multiple Antenna System with Inter-Band Carrier Aggregation
Authors: Abdalla Dana Salahalddin , Mohammed Salim Qadir 
Published: April 2018

Spatial Multiplexing (SM) multiple antenna systems and Carrier Aggregation (CA) are techniques introduced in Long Term Evolution- Advanced (LTE−Advanced) to support high data rates by increasing the number of transmission paths and the available bandwidth respectively. Therefore, in this study we evaluate the performance of LTE-Advanced physical downlink shared channel for single and SM multiple antenna systems in two different frequency bands. The radio channel is modelled using an enhanced Three-Dimensional (3D) international telecommunication union-radio communication sector channel model integrated with base station and user mobile 3D antenna patterns. Except the total received power, similar channel statistics are observed for both frequency bands. The study is performed considering 1x1, 2x2, 4x4 antenna systems in a macro-cell urban environment at Component Carries (CC) of 2600 MHz and 800 MHz to model bands 7 and 20 of CA_7-20 respectively. The performance is evaluated in terms of throughput and SM gain for many base stations and user positions considering various modulation and coding schemes. We used the computationally efficient received bit information rate algorithm to compute the throughput as a function of channel structure and signal to noise ratio. As expected higher throughput is observed for the 800 MHz band over the 2600 MHz band. This is due to the higher total received power of the 800 MHz band. The novel SM gain results show that the SM gain depends on the operating band and it’s less than the number of spatial links. Moreover, the efficiency of inter-band CA in increasing the data rates is a function cell radius and the number of spatial streams.
Efektivitas Modul dengan Model Inkuiri untuk Menumbuhkan Keterampilan Proses Sains Siswa pada Materi Kalor
Authors: Dewi Eka Puspita , Suyatna Agus , Abdurrahman Abdurrahman , Ertikanto Chandra 
Published: April 2018

The purpose of this study is to findout the effectiveness of module with inquiry model to improve the student’s scientific process skill to wards heat material. The research design used was quasi-experimental design in the form of nonequivalent pretest-postest control group design. Based on the results of the effectiveness test, it was known that the value of n-gain experimental class was 0.62. It was greater than the control class with the score was 0.40. Student's scientificprocess skills also increased for each indicator. Based on the research that has been done, it can be concluded that the module by using inquiry modelwasthe effectiveto improve the student's scientific process skills. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efektivitas modul untuk menumbuhkan keterampilan proses sains siswa. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah quasi experimental design dalam bentuk nonequivalent pretes-postes control group design. Berdasarkan hasil uji efektivitas, maka diketahui bahwa nilai n-gain kelas eksperimen (0,62) > kelas kontrol (0,40). Keterampilan proses sains siswa mengalami peningkatan untuk setiap indikator. Berdasarkan penelitian yang telah dilakukan, dapat disimpulkan bahwa modul dengan model inkuiri telah efektif dalam menumbuhkan keterampilan proses sains siswa.
Pengaruh Motorik Halus dan Motorik Kasar terhadap Perkembangan Kreatifitas Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Romlah Romlah 
Published: April 2018

This study aims to determine the effect of the early childhood fine motor and gross motor on the development of the early childhood creativity. The type of this research is descriptive quantitative. The data analysis technique which is used is multiple linear regression analysis. The hypothesis in this study is, H0 (There is no significant influence between the fine motor and gross motor towards the early childhood creativity development) and H1 (There is a significant influence between the fine motor and gross motor towards the early childhood creativity development). Furthermore, the conclusion criteria of the above hypothesis are if F calculate ≤ F table, then H0 was received. The results of this research indicate that gross motor development has an effect on the development of creativity of early childhood. And the fine motor development also affects the development of early childhood creativity. The development of gross motor and fine motor as together influence the development of creativity of early childhood. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh motorik halus dan motorik kasar anak usia dini terhadap perkembangan kreativitasnya. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskristif kuantitatif. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi linear berganda. Hipotesis dalam penelitian ini yaitu H0 (Tidak ada pengaruh antara motorik halus dan motorik kasar dengan perkembangan kreatifitas anak usia dini) dan H1 (Ada pengaruh antara motorik halus dan motorik kasar dengan perkembangan kreatifitas anak usia dini). Selanjutnya kriteria penarikan kesimpulan dari hipotesis adalah jika F hitung ≤ F tabel, maka H0 diterima. Hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa perkembangan motorik kasar berpengaruh pada perkembangan kreativitas anak usia dini. Begitu juga, perkembangan motorik halus juga berpengaruh pada perkembangan kreativitas anak usia dini. Perkembangan motorik kasar dan motorik halus secara bersama berpengaruh pada perkembangan kreativitas anak usia dini.
Efficiency of insurance companies in the Czech Republic and Poland
Authors: Grmanová Eva , Pukala Ryszard 
Published: April 2018

Research background: The insurance market is an important part of the financial system. The international concept of insurance operations brings certainty and helps to balance the economic results.
Purpose of the article: The aim of the paper is to compare the efficiency of life insurance of commercial insurance companies in the Czech Republic and Poland using the Data Envelopment Analysis model (DEA).
Methods: The methods used in the paper are descriptive statistics, DEA model and Tobit regression model. DEA models are nonparametric quantitative models for efficiency assessment. They use linear programming to transform multiple inputs into multiple outputs. The efficiency of the subjects analyzed is assessed based on the efficiency scores.
Findings & Value added: The subject of our analysis was 17 commercial insurance companies in the Czech Republic and 26 commercial insurance companies in Poland. Ten insurance companies were efficient on the common Czech-Polish insurance market. The share of efficient insurance companies was approximately equal. The arithmetic mean of the efficiency scores was higher in Poland than in the Czech Republic. The variability of the efficiency scores of Czech insurance companies was greater than the variability of the efficiency scores of Polish insurance companies. The correlations with efficiency score as the dependent variable and with market share as the independent variable of Tobit regression were very low.
Management of financial risks in Slovak enterprises using regression analysis
Authors: Valaskova Katarina , Kliestik Tomas , Kovacova Maria 
Published: April 2018

Research background: Financial risk management is the task of monitoring financial risks and managing their impact. Financial risk is often perceived as the risk that a company may default on its debt payments. The issue of the debt, default or prosperity of the company are presented in the article as one of the ways of the risk management. A prediction of corporate default is an inseparable element of the risk management. Mainly the consequences of risk are the engine of research and development of methods and models, which enable to predict economic and financial situation in specific conditions of global economies.
Purpose of the article: The main aim of the presented article is to assess financial risks of Slovak entities, realized by the identification of significant factors and determinants affecting the prosperity of Slovak companies.
Methods: To conduct the research we have used the data of Slovak enterprises, obtained from annual financial reports covering the year 2015 and the calculated financial ratios of profitability, activity, liquidity and indebtedness that may affect the financial health of the company were applied in the regression analysis. Realizing the multiple regression analysis, the statistically significant determinants that affect the future financial development of the company are identified, as well as the regression model of the bankruptcy prediction.
Findings & Value added: In the research aimed at the management of financial risks in Slovak enterprises, we focused on the revelation of significant economic risk factors using multiple regression. The results suggest that the most significant predictors are net return on capital, cash ratio, quick ratio, current ratio, net working capital, RE/TA ratio, current debt ratio, financial debt ratio and current assets turnover based on which the decision about the future company default can be made. These factors are significant enough to manage financial risks and to affect the profitability and prosperity of the company.
Aktivitas Antioksidan Minyak Atsiri dan Ekstrak Etanol Kulit Batang Sintok (Cinnamomum sintoc Bl.) terhadap 1,1-difenil-2-pikrilhidrazil (DPPH)
Authors: Sumiwi Sri Adi , Subarnas Anas , Supriyatna Supriyatna , Bratadiredja Marline Abdassah 
Published: April 2018

Sintoc (Cinnamomum sintoc Bl.) is a plant which is used as medicine. This plant has been known to have an analgesic antiinflamatory activity, therefore it is predicted to have an antioxidant activity. An investigation on antioxidant activity of sintoc essential oils and ethanolic extract of its cortex using ascorbic acid as standard has been carried out. Essential oils and ethanol extract of sintoc cortex was tested using DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-pikril-hidrazil) by measuring absorbance using visible spectrophotometer at 518 nm. The methods of this research were distillation of essential oils and extraction of sintoc cortex, determination of the essential oil and extract concentrations required for 50% inhibition of DPPH radical scavenging effect (IC50) with ascorbic acid as the possitive control. The variation concentration of essential oils are 15, 5, 1, 0.1, 0.5 ppm and 25, 20, 17, 15, 10 ppm for ethanolic extracts. The results showed that the essential oil showed antioxidant activity with IC50 value was 16.29 ppm (5 times lower than ascorbic acid) and then ethanolic extract showed IC50 value 38.89 ppm (11 times lower than ascorbic acid, IC50 of ascorbic acid was 3.35 ppm).
ANALISIS NATRIUM DALAM AIR LAUT DI SEKITAR PESISIR PANTAI PAPUA DENGAN METODE SPEKTROSKOPI SERAPAN ATOM
Authors: Paweka Yoice Martina 
Published: April 2018

Menurut Kementerian Perikanan dan Kelautan pada tahun 2014, luas lahan garam di Indonesia adalah 28.556 ha. Kebutuhan garam per tahun sekitar 3,5 juta ton sehingga untuk menutupi kebutuhan dilakukan impor garam dari beberapa negara. Propinsi Papua terletak pada koordinat 130 - 140 BT dan 9,0 - 10,45 LS dengan garis pantai sepanjang 1.170 mil laut. Air laut mengandung 86% natrium klorida (NaCl). Metode penelitian yang dilakukan secara eksperimental di laboratorium dengan menggunakan instrumen spektrofotometer serapan atom (SSA) karena selektif, spesifik, sensitivitas tinggi dalam kisaran ppm sampai ppb. Hasil kadar natrium dari air laut pada tujuh lokasi pantai di propinsi Papua sebagai berikut: pantai Kali Maro Onggalie Merauke 87,4 ± 1 ppm, pantai Lampu Satu Merauke 112 ± 0,6 ppm, pantai Payum Merauke 103,2 ± 0,6 ppm, pantai Pasir Dua Jayapura 91,3 ± 1,7 ppm, patai Ria Base G Jayapura 88,3 ± 0 ppm, pantai Dok II Jayapura 88,7 ± 1,5 ppm dan pantai Hamadi Jayapura 106,4 ± 2 ppm. Rentang hasil kadar natrium antara 88,3 ± 0 ppm sampai 112 ± 0,6 ppm. Disimpulkan bahwa kadar natrium dari pesisir pantai Papua dapat berpotensi sebagai sumber bahan baku garam farmasi.