bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Speech Therapy in Velocardiofacial Syndrome After Palatopharyngeal Pharyngoplasty
Authors: Jiang LiPing , Yang YuSheng , Liu Qiong 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Velocardiofacial syndrome (VCFs) is a rare congenital disease with an incidence of 1:4000 to 1:6000. Previous studies have found that the abnormality is associated with 22qDS. As reported at the international VCFs conference held in 2006, >180 phenotypes have been identified with this syndrome. Accordingly, there is a wide range of clinical manifestations including congenital defects of the heart and palate, immune deficiencies, psychiatric illness, and speech, learning, and cognitive disabilities Among all the symptoms above, however, pharyngopalatine dysplasia has been observed in nearly every patient. Patients with VCFs often have velopharyngeal insufficiency, which may cause serious disorders in functional speech, with poor intelligibility, a glottal stop with hypernasality and a pharyngeal fricative, and dropping and weakening of consonants. Most also show defects in language learning. Therefore, specialized speech therapy is essential for patients with VCFs, mainly focused on correction of abnormal pronunciation. Long-term clinical experience has shown that speech therapy is based on 2 components: velopharyngeal function and behavior therapy. Our study focused mainly on establishing a corrective behavior guidance model of pronunciation for patients with VCFs.
Surgical Treatment of Maxillary Antrum Neoplasms
Authors: Abdulkareem Elham Hazeim , Aftan Kamal Turki 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Paranasal sinus cancers comprise about 0.3% of all cancers and 80% of these lesions arise in the maxillary sinus. A masquerading primary sinus tumour represents a therapeutic challenge as most patients with maxillary antrum cancer are diagnosed with advanced disease. However, distant metastases rarely occur. We examined the clinical outcome of patients with antrum neoplasms. Medical records were obtained for all patients diagnosed with a sinus malignancy between July 2009 and January 2014. During this period, 41 patients with maxillary tumours were treated, among which 9 patients received a maxillectomy. There were 21 male and 20 female patients. All patients underwent computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging. The most common complications were postoperative epistaxis and swallowing difficulty. The treatment of maxillary antrum tumours is complicated and needs advancements to improve early presentation, timely diagnosis, and better management outcomes.
Minimally Invasive Approach for Resection of Masseteric Vascular Malformations
Authors: Schultz Benjamin D. , Gray Rachel , Knobel Denis , Tanna Neil , Setabutr Dhave , Cheng Jeffrey A. , Ortiz Rafael , Bastidas Nicholas 
Published: May 2018

Objective:
Vascular malformations (VMs) in the head and neck region often cause esthetic as well as functional problems for patients. Intramuscular VMs (IVM), such as those in the masseter, can cause severe facial asymmetry and typically are excised transcutaneously to facilitate wide exposure and safe dissection from the facial nerve. This requires extensive dissection, prolonged healing, and can lead to suboptimal facial scarring.

Methods:
We describe the technique of resecting large IVMs of the masseter muscle in 3 patients using an entirely intraoral approach with continuous nerve monitoring and without visible facial scarring or secondary deformity. Preoperative injection of sclerotherapy was performed to reduce intra-operative bleeding and optimize resection.

Results:
Successful excision was performed without complication in 3 patients to date. Total average operating room time was 120 minutes (range 95–145 minutes). Estimated blood loss was 213 mL (range 180–240 mL). The patients were discharged home either post-operative day (POD) 1 or 2, with 1 returning to work POD 4. Facial nerve function was normal postoperatively and no hematomas developed. Subjective masticatory function was equivalent to preoperative levels in all patients.

Conclusions:
Intraoral excision of VMs of the masseter muscle can be safely performed without added risk or complication. Continuous facial nerve monitoring allows minimally invasive approaches to be considered with less risk of iatrogenic facial nerve injury. We purport that this is a safe and effective method with substantially better esthetic outcomes compared with traditional transcutaneous approaches.
Radiologic Imaging of Ludwig Angina in a Pediatric Patient
Authors: Polat Gökhan , Sade Recep 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Ludwig angina is an important disease with deadly consequences. Especially in the pediatric patient group, recognition of the disease may be difficult due to patient incompatibility. For this reason, radiologic imaging methods should be carefully selected. Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging and contrast-enhanced examinations are the most important methods for the diagnosis of the disease.
Giant Epidermoid Cyst of the Maxillary Sinus: A Postoperative Complication?
Authors: Erisir Ferhat , Kazikdas K. Cagdas , Tuna Yalcinozan Eda 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Epidermoid cysts are benign lesions, which are usually detected on the floor of the mouth in the head and neck region. They can develop from abnormal epithelial components of an ectoderm tissue during the embryological life or alternatively they can arise from the implanted epithelium after trauma or surgery. The diagnosis of an epidermoid cyst in the maxillary sinus can be challenging and it could be easily mistaken for any benign or malign lesion of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. In this case, we present a 44-year-old man with a giant epidermoid cyst in the right maxillary sinus with a previous history of paranasal sinus surgery. We present a very rare case of epidermoid cyst and also discuss the importance of radiological imaging modalities in differential diagnosis of a unilateral expansile mass in the maxillary sinus.
In vitro effects of a kaolin-coated hemostatic dressing on anticoagulated blood
Authors: Cripps Michael W. , Cornelius Canon C. , Nakonezny Paul A. , Vazquez Natalia , Wey Jocelyn C. , Gales Peter E. 
Published: May 2018

BACKGROUND
The use of kaolin-coated dressings has become common and have efficacy in normal patients, but their increased use will inevitably include use on bleeding patients taking anticoagulants. We hypothesize that kaolin coating material (KCM) will improve clotting regardless of anticoagulation medication.

METHODS
A prospective study was performed on blood from patients who were on a vitamin K antagonist (VKA), unfractionated heparin (UH), an antiplatelet (AP) agent, a Xa inhibitor (Xa), or a direct thrombin inhibitor (DTI). None were on more than one type of anticoagulation medication. Viscoelastic testing was performed with and without KCM. All p values were adjusted for multiple comparisons.

RESULTS
The addition of KCM significantly decreased the time for initial clot formation (CT) in all groups. The mean CT for controls was decreased from 692 to 190.8 s (p < 0.0001). KCM decreased the initial clot formation time by about 1.5 times in those on DTI (p = 0.043) and 2.5 times in those taking AP medication (p < 0.001). The most profound effect was seen in those on UH (no KCM 1,602 s vs. KCM 440 s; p < 0.001), VKA (no KCM 1,152 s vs. 232 s; p < 0.01), and Xa (no KCM 1,342 s vs. 287 s; p < 0.001). Analysis of other clot formation parameters revealed that KCM significantly improved the clot formation kinetics (CFT) only in patients taking Xa (p = 0.03). KCM improved maximum clot strength in patients on Xa inhibitors (p = 0.05). Patients on UH had a larger effect size with an increase in clot strength from 24.35 mm to 43.35 mm whereas those on Xa had an increase of 38.7 mm to 49.85 mm.

CONCLUSION
In this in vitro analysis, the addition of KCM to the blood of patients taking any of these anticoagulation medications significantly improved the time to initial clot formation, indicating that kaolin-based hemostatic dressings will be effective in initiating clot formation in patients on anticoagulants.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Therapeutic, level IV.
Diagnosis of Acute Cellular Rejection Using Probe-based Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy in Lung Transplant Recipients: A Prospective, Multicenter Trial
Authors: Keller Cesar A. , Khoor Andras , Arenberg Douglas A. , Smith Michael A. , Islam Shaheen U. 
Published: May 2018

Background
Acute cellular rejection (ACR) in lung transplant recipients requires demonstration of perivascular lymphocytic infiltration in alveolar tissue samples from transbronchial biopsies (TBBs). Probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy (pCLE) allows in vivo observation of alveolar, vascular, and cellular microstructures in the lung with potential to identify ACR. The objective of our prospective, blinded, multicenter observational study was to identify pCLE findings in patients with ACR diagnosed histopathologically by TBB.

Methods
Lung transplant recipients undergoing diagnostic bronchoscopies within 1 year posttransplant for suspected ACR had pCLE video imaging obtained immediately prior to tissue sampling via TBB. Findings of 2 pCLE criteria, abundant alveolar cellularity and perivascular cellularity (PVC), were assessed by 4 investigators familiar with pCLE and compared with histopathologic criteria of ACR to derive sensitivity, specificity, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, and accuracy. Interobserver agreement was assessed by calculating intraclass coefficient and Fleiss κ. Findings were analyzed before and after a consensus meeting of investigators on interpreting images.

Results
Thirty pCLE procedures were performed on 24 patients, 8 showing ACR in TBB. Diagnostic performance and interobserver agreement using pCLE to identify PVC were significantly higher than those of abundant alveolar cellularity (P < 0.01). The number of blood vessels identified with PVC on pCLE was significantly correlated with histopathologic activity grading of ACR (P < 0.01). Perivascular cellularity agreement among investigators significantly improved after consensus meeting (P < 0.01).

Conclusions
When found on pCLE, PVC is a feasible and reproducible criterion for assessment of ACR in vivo, but there is a learning curve for image interpretation.
Kidney Dysfunction After Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation
Authors: Krezdorn Nicco , Tasigiorgos Sotirios , Wo Luccie , Lopdrup Rachel , Turk Marvee , Kiwanuka Harriet , Ahmed Salman , Petruzzo Palmina , Bueno Ericka , Pomahac Bohdan , Riella Leonardo V. 
Published: May 2018

Background
Kidney dysfunction is a major complication after nonrenal solid organ transplants. Transplantation of vascularized composite allografts (VCA) has yielded successful midterm outcomes despite high rates of acute rejection and greater requirements of immunosuppression. Whether this translates in higher risks of kidney complications is unknown.

Methods
Ninety-nine recipients of facial or extremity transplants from the Brigham and Women’s Hospital (BWH) and the International Registry on Hand and Composite Tissue Transplantation (IR) were reviewed. We assessed immunosuppression, markers of renal function over time, as well as pretransplant and posttransplant renal risk factors.

Results
Data were obtained from 10 patients from BWH (age at transplant, 42.5 ± 13.8 years) and 89 patients (37.8 ± 11.5 years) from IR. A significant rise in creatinine levels (BWH, P = 0.0195; IR, P < 0.0001) and drop in estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) within the first year posttransplant was observed. The BWH and IR patients lost a mean of 22 mL/min GFR and 60 mL/min estimated GFR in the first year, respectively. This decrease occurred mostly in the first 6 months posttransplant (BWH). Pretransplant creatinine levels were not restored in either cohort. A mixed linear model identified multiple variables correlating with renal dysfunction, particularly tacrolimus trough levels.

Conclusions
Kidney dysfunction represents a major complication posttransplantation in VCA recipients early on. Strategies to mitigate this complication, such as reducing calcineurin inhibitor trough levels or using alternative immunosuppressive agents, may improve long-term patient outcomes. Standardizing laboratory and data collection of kidney parameters and risk factors in VCA patients will be critical for better understanding of this complication.
Electroencephalographic and Electrocardiographic Effect of Intravenous Lacosamide in Refractory Focal Epilepsy
Authors: Huang Chin-Wei W. , Brown Suzan , Pillay Neelan , Campo Martin Del , Tellez-Zenteno Jose , McLachlan Richard S. 
Published: May 2018

Purpose:
Lacosamide selectively enhances slow inactivation of voltage-gated sodium channels to achieve seizure reduction. We studied the effect of intravenous lacosamide given as one of three single doses on EEG and electrocardiogram, as well as its tolerability in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy.

Methods:
This Canadian, investigator-initiated, multicenter, double-blind study recruited patients with refractory focal epilepsy admitted to a seizure monitoring unit. Participants received a loading dose of 100, 200, or 400 mg lacosamide over 30 minutes during continuous monitoring by video-EEG and 12-lead electrocardiogram. The number of interictal spikes, frequency and quantity of background EEG rhythms, corrected QT interval (QTc), PR interval, heart rate (HR), blood pressure, and respiration rate during 60 minutes before the administration were compared with 60 minutes after the infusion. We documented any adverse event during and after the infusion.

Results:
Seventy-one patients completed the study. There was a significant decrease in interictal spikes (P = 0.039) and decreased frequency of the alpha rhythm (P = 0.003). No significant difference in beta, theta, and delta frequency or amount was noted. There were significant increases in PR interval (153.4–155.8 ms, P = 0.031) and HR (73.4–75.5 bpm, P = 0.022), but QTc, blood pressure, and respiration rate were not affected. Twelve patients (16.9%) experienced transient and mild adverse events, mainly dizziness and leg tingling. More adverse events occurred with 400 mg lacosamide than with the lower doses (P = 0.048).

Conclusions:
Intravenous lacosamide is effective in decreasing interictal spikes. Despite a small effect on EEG and electrocardiogram rhythms, it is well tolerated with no serious adverse events.
Differences in Speed of Response of Depressive Symptom Dimensions in Older Persons During Electroconvulsive Therapy
Authors: Veltman Eveline M. , van Hulten Sophie , Twisk Jos , Dols Annemiek , van Exel Eric , Stek Max L. , Sienaert Pascal , Bouckaert Filip , van der Mast Roos C. , Rhebergen Didi 
Published: May 2018

Introduction
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is an important and effective treatment for depression. However, research on course trajectories of depressive symptoms during ECT is limited. Insight into putative differences in speed of response of depressive symptom dimensions may enable clinicians to optimally inform patients and their relatives. Therefore, we aim to examine course trajectories of depressive symptom dimensions in depressed older persons during ECT.

Methods
Data were derived from the Mood Disorders in Elderly treated with Electro Convulsive Therapy study, including 110 persons, aged 55 years or more, with a current diagnosis of major depressive disorder and referred for ECT. Exploratory factor analysis was used to identify symptom dimensions, using the 10 depression items of the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS). Differences in course trajectories of symptom dimension during 2 weeks were examined by multilevel analyses.

Results
Three symptom dimensions were identified: a “mood,” “melancholic,” and “suicidal” dimension. Mood showed a significantly greater severity decline as compared with melancholic and suicidal at the 1-week follow-up. At the 2-week follow-up, both mood and melancholic demonstrated a significantly greater decline as compared with suicidal. However, because scores on the suicidality item of the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale were already lower at baseline compared with the other items, a floor effect cannot be ruled out.

Discussion
All symptom dimensions of depression showed a rapid response to ECT. Our findings did not support the general assumption that suicidal symptoms may be the first to improve. However, a floor effect on the suicidality item cannot be ruled out.
Complex associations of environmental factors may explain Blanchard’s Cricket Frog,Acris blanchardideclines and drive population recovery
Authors: McCallum Malcolm L. , Trauth Stanley E. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractBlanchard’s Cricket Frog,Acris blanchardi, is a small hylid frog that was once among the most common amphibians in any part of its range. Today, it remains abundant in much of the southern portion of its range, but is now disappearing elsewhere. Our analysis of habitat characters observed across several states revealed interesting relationships of these factors with the abundance or presence of Blanchard’s Cricket Frog. Further, we later established two ½ acre ponds based on these relationships that led to immediate colonization of the ponds by cricket frogs followed by explosive production of juveniles less than a year later. Our findings suggest that habitat management for this species should specifically manage the shoreline grade and especially the aquatic floating vegetation to maximize population growth and sustenance.
Towards an Ecological Trait-data Standard
Authors: Schneider Florian D. , Jochum Malte , Le Provost Gaëtane , Ostrowski Andreas , Penone Caterina , Fichtmüller David , Güntsch Anton , Gossner Martin M. , König-Ries Birgitta , Manning Pete , Simons Nadja K. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractTrait-based approaches are widespread throughout ecological research, offering great potential for trait data to deliver general and mechanistic conclusions. Accordingly,a wealth of trait data is available for many organism groups, but, due to a lack of standardisation, these data come in heterogeneous formats.We review current initiatives and infrastructures for standardising trait data and discuss the importance of standardisation for trait data hosted in distributed open-access repositories.In order to facilitate the standardisation and harmonisation of distributed trait datasets, we propose a general and simple vocabulary as well as a simple data structure for storing and sharing ecological trait data.Additionally, we provide an R-package that enables the transformation of any tabular dataset into the proposed format. This also allows trait datasets from heterogeneous sources to be harmonised and merged, thus facilitating data compilation for any particular research focus.With these decentralised tools for trait-data harmonisation, we intend to facilitate the exchange and analysis of trait data within ecological research and enable global syntheses of traits across a wide range of taxa and ecosystems.
Identification of previously untypable RD cell line isolates and detection of EV-A71 genotype C1 in a child with AFP in Nigeria
Authors: Adewumi M.O. , Faleye T.O.C. , Okeowo C.O. , Oladapo A.M. , Oyathelemhi J. , Olaniyi O.A. , Isola O.C. , Adeniji J.A. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractWe previously attempted to identify 96 nonpolio enteroviruses (EVs) recovered on RD cell culture from children <15 years with acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) in Nigeria. We succeeded in identifying 69 of the isolates. Here, we describe an attempt to identify the remaining 27 isolates.Twenty-six (the 27thisolate was exhausted) isolates that could not be typed previously were further analyzed. All were subjected to RNA extraction, cDNA synthesis, enterovirus 5‟-UTR– VP2 PCR assay and a modified VP1 snPCR assay. Both the 5’-UTR – VP2 and VP1 amplicons were sequenced, isolates identified and subjected to phylogenetic analysis.Twenty of the 26 isolates analyzed were successfully identified. Altogether, 23 EV strains were recovered. Thesebelong to 11 EV (one EVA, nine EVB and one EVC) types which were EVA71 genotype C1 (1 strain), CVB3 (7 strains), CVB5 (1 strain), E5 (2 strain), E11 (3 strains), E13 (2 strain), E19 (1 strain), E20 (1 strain), E24 (2 strains), EVB75 (1 strain) and EVC99 (2 strains). Of the 11 EV types, the 5’-UTR-VP2 assay identified seven while the VP1 assay identified 10. Both assays simultaneously detected 7 of the 11 EV types identified in this study with 100% congruence.In this study we identified 20 of 26 samples that were previously untypable. In addition, we provided evidence that suggests that a clade of EVA71 genotype C1 might have been circulating in sub-Saharan Africa since 2008. Finally, we showed that the 5’-UTR-VP2 assay might be as valuable as the VP1 assay in EV identification.
Statin use and breast cancer survival: A Swedish nationwide study
Authors: Borgquist Signe , Broberg Per , Tojjar Jasaman , Olsson Håkan 
Published: May 2018

AbstractBackgroundA sizeable body of evidence suggests that statins can cease breast cancer progression and prevent breast cancer recurrence. The latest studies have, however, not been supportive of such clinically beneficial effects. These discrepancies may be explained by insufficient power. This considerably sized study investigates the association between both pre- and post-diagnostic statin use and breast cancer outcome.MethodsA Swedish nation-wide retrospective cohort study of 20,559 Swedish women diagnosed with breast cancer (July 1st, 2005 through 2008). Dispensed statin medication was identified through the Swedish Prescription Registry. Breast cancer related death information was obtained from the national cause-of-death registry until December 31st, 2012. Cox regression models yielded hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) regarding associations between statin use and breast cancer-specific and overall mortality.ResultsDuring follow-up, a total of 4,678 patients died, of which 2,669 were considered breast cancer related deaths. Compared to non- or irregular use, regular pre-diagnostic statin use was associated with lower risk of breast cancer related deaths (HR=0.77; 95% CI 0.63–0.95, P=0.014). Similarly, post-diagnostic statin use compared to non-use was associated with lower risk of breast cancer related deaths (HR=0.83; 95% CI 0.75–0.93, P=0.001).ConclusionThis study evidently supports the notion that statin use is protective regarding breast cancer related mortality in agreement with previous Scandinavian studies, although less so with studies in other populations. These disparities should be further investigated to pave the way for future clinical trials investigating the role of statins in breast cancer.
Klebsiella huaxiensis sp. nov., recovered from human urine
Authors: Hu Yiyi , Wei Li , Feng Yu , Xie Yi , Zong Zhiyong 
Published: May 2018

AbstractA Klebsiella strain, WCHKl090001, was recovered from a human urine sample in China in 2017. Phylogenetic analysis based on gyrA and rpoB housekeeping genes revealed that the strain was distinct from any previously described species of the genus Klebsiella though it was clustered with the Klebsiella oxytoca phylogroup including Klebsiella grimontii, Klebsiella michiganensis, and Klebsiella oxytoca. The whole genome sequence of strain WCHKl090001 has an up to 87.18% average nucleotide identity with those of type strains of all known Klebsiella species. In silico DNA-DNA hybridization (isDDH) values between strain WCHKl090001 and type strains of all known Klebsiella species range from 22.3 to 35.2%. Strain WCHKl090001 could be distinguished from species of the Klebsiella oxytoca phylogroup by its negative Voges-Proskauer reaction. Genotypic and phenotypic characteristics from this study indicate that strain WCHKl090001 should be considered to represent a novel species of the genus Klebsiella, for which the name Klebsiella huaxiensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is WCHKl090001T (=GDMCC1.1379T = CCTCC AB 2018106 T).