bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Penapisan (skrining) aktivitas antibakteri beberapa ekstrak spons dari Teluk Manado
Authors: Nowin Edgar , Warouw Veibe , Rimper Joice , Paulus James , Pangkey Henneke , Sumilat Deiske 
Published: July 2019

Spons merupakan salah satu biota laut yang sangat prospektif sebagai sumber senyawa bahan-bahan alami seperti peptida, terpenoid, steroid, asetogenin, alkaloid, halida siklik, dan senyawa nitrogen lainnya. Senyawa-senyawa ini memiliki aktivitas farmakologis seperti antifouling, antitumor, antiinflamasi, antivirus, antibakteri, antijamur, antimalaria. Telah diekstrak dua belas spons yang dikoleksi dari Teluk Manado, Sulawesi Utara. Pengujian aktivitas antibakteri dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode Kirby-Bauer yang dimodifikasi. Hasil yang diperoleh dalam penelitian ini dari koleksi beberapa ekstrak spons sebanyak 9,442 gram melalui proses maserasi dengan pelarut etanol dan evaporasi. Kedua belas ekstrak yang diskrining didapatkan 10,6 mm (ekstrak 1), 7,4 mm (ekstrak 4) dan (10,6 mm) ekstrak 9 yang memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap bakteri Bacillus megaterium sedangkan pada media bakteri Escherichia coli hanya ekstrak 1 (8,9 mm) yang dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri. Kontrol positif sebagai pembanding memiliki aktivitas yang jauh lebih besar terhadap bakteri B. megaterium dan E. coli sehingga senyawa antibakteri yang terdapat dalam ekstrak spons yang dikoleksi dari Teluk Manado digolongkan sebagai senyawa yang bersifat sedang/moderate.
A Hot Saturn Near (but Unassociated with) the Open Cluster NGC 1817
Authors: Rampalli Rayna , Vanderburg Andrew , Bieryla Allyson , Latham David W. , Quinn Samuel N. , Baranec Christoph , Berlind Perry , Calkins Michael L. , Cochran William D. , Duev Dmitry A. , Endl Michael , Esquerdo Gilbert A. , Jensen-Clem Rebecca , Law Nicholas M. , Mayo Andrew W. , Riddle Reed , Salama Maïssa 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
We report on the discovery of a hot Saturn-sized planet (9.916 ± 0.985 R
⊕) around a late F-star, K2-308, observed in Campaign 13 of the K2 mission. We began studying this planet candidate because prior to the release of Gaia DR2, the host star was thought to have been a member (

membership probability) of the

open cluster NGC 1817 based on its kinematics and photometric distance. We identify the host star (among three stars within the K2 photometric aperture) using seeing-limited photometry and rule out false-positive scenarios using adaptive optics imaging and radial velocity observations. We statistically validate K2-308b by calculating a false-positive probability rate of

. However, we also show using new kinematic measurements provided by Gaia DR2 and our measured radial velocity of the system that K2-308 is unassociated with the cluster NGC 1817. Therefore, the long running search for a giant transiting planet in an open cluster remains fruitless. Finally, we note that our use of seeing-limited photometry is a good demonstration of similar techniques that are already being used to follow up Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) planet candidates, especially in crowded regions.
The Self-gravitating Gas Fraction and the Critical Density for Star Formation
Authors: Burkhart Blakesley , Mocz Philip 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
We analytically calculate the star formation efficiency and dense self-gravitating gas fraction in the presence of magneto-gravo-turbulence using the model of Burkhart, which employs a piecewise lognormal and powerlaw density probability distribution function (PDF). We show that the PDF transition density from lognormal to powerlaw forms is a mathematically motivated critical density for star formation and can be physically related to the density where the Jeans length is comparable to the sonic length, i.e., the post-shock critical density for collapse. When the PDF transition density is taken as the critical density, the instantaneous star formation efficiency (ϵ
inst) and depletion time (τ
depl) can be calculated from the dense self-gravitating gas fraction represented as the fraction of gas in the PDF powerlaw tail. We minimize the number of free parameters in the analytic expressions for ϵ
inst and τ
depl by using the PDF transition density instead of a parameterized critical density for collapse, and thus provide a more direct pathway for comparison with observations. We test the analytic predictions for the transition density and self-gravitating gas fraction against AREPO moving mesh gravo-turbulent simulations and find good agreement. We predict that, when gravity dominates the density distribution in the star-forming gas, the star formation efficiency should be weakly anti-correlated with the sonic Mach number while the depletion time should increase with increasing sonic Mach number. The star formation efficiency and depletion time depend primarily on the dense self-gravitating gas fraction, which in turn depends on the interplay of gravity, turbulence, and stellar feedback. Our model prediction is in agreement with recent observations, such as the M51 PdBI Arcsecond Whirlpool Survey.
Diversity of Th1/Th2 immunity in mice with acute lung injury induced by the H1N1 influenza virus and lipopolysaccharides
Authors: Liu Jian-xing , Zhang Ying , An Miao , Wu Qing-guang , Zhao Ya , Li Xiong , Li Geng 
Published: July 2019

Introduction: The polarization of T helper (Th) cells plays an important role in the inflammatory response, pathogen removal, and tissue damage processes of infectious acute lung injury (ALI). However, Th cell polarization in viral- or bacterial-mediated ALI is not well defined. Herein, an influenza virus (A/FM/1/47, H1N1) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were chosen to induce ALI in mice, and the resultant diversity of Th-cell polarization was explored.
Methodology: BALB/c mice were challenged intranasally with the influenza virus or LPS. Edema of the lung, infiltration of inflammatory cells (macrophages, neutrophils, and lymphocytes), oxidative stress, and signature cytokines of Th1 and Th2 cells were detected at 2 days post virus or LPS challenge.
Results: The mice exhibited increased capillary permeability accompanied by lung edema and protein-rich alveolar exudation after virus or LPS challenge. Additionally, excessive infiltration of inflammatory cells, robust oxidative stress, and cytokine production were observed in both mouse groups. However, there was conspicuous disparity in the inflammatory cell infiltration and cytokines between the virus- and LPS-challenged mice, where the infiltration in virus-challenged mice was mainly of macrophages and accompanied by robust Th1 cytokine elevation, whereas the infiltration in LPS-challenged mice was primarily of neutrophils and accompanied by robust Th2 cytokine elevation.
Conclusions: The Th cell polarization was skewed depending on whether ALI was induced by the influenza virus or LPS. The polarization in the virus-challenged mice was primarily toward a Th1 response, whereas that in the LPS-challenged mice was mainly toward Th2.
Seroprevalence and risk factors of Leptospira serovar Pomona and Leptospira serovar Hardjo infection in dairy cows in Jordan
Authors: Ismail Zuhair B , Abutarbush Sameeh M , Al-Majali Ahmad M , Gharaibeh Mohammad H , Al-Khateeb Batoul 
Published: July 2019

Introduction: This study was carried out to determine the seroprevalence and risk factors associated with Leptospira serovars Pomona and Hardjo infection in dairy cows.
Methodology: Seroprevalence was determined using ELISA using 160 healthy and 80 recently aborted cows. Risk factor assessment was carried out using a pre-validated questionnaire.
Results: The true farm seroprevalence of Leptospira serovars Pomona and Hardjo was 92.3% (95% CI: 66%-98%). In healthy cows, the true and apparent cow seroprevalence of Leptospira serovars Pomona and Hardjo were 26.9 (95% CI: 20–34%), 26.25% (95% CI: 20–33%) and 28.75% (95% CI: 22–36%) and 27.5% (95% CI: 21–35%), respectively. Semi-intensive management system (OR = 11.43; P < 0.01), surface water as a source of drinking water (OR = 1.21; P < 0.03), lack of special wear for visitors (OR = 1.39; P < 0.05), and previous history of abortion (OR = 1.02; P < 0.05) were associated with high rate of seropositivity against Leptospira serovars Pomona and Hardjo. In recently aborted cows, the true and apparent seroprevalence rates of Leptospira serovars Pomona and Hardjo were 53.25% (95% CI: 47.5–62%), 53.75% (95% CI: 48.5–63.2%) and 56% (95% CI: 49–61%), 56.25% (95% CI: 49.8–61.2%), respectively.
Conclusions: Leptospirosis is an endemic disease in Jordan and further studies are required to effectively control the disease in dairy cows.
Le couteau suisse des politiques migratoires
Authors: Del Biaggio Cristina , Soysüren Ibrahim 
Published: July 2019

Le « génie suisse » a trouvé à s’exprimer dans les politiques migratoires et les instruments destinés à restreindre les arrivées de migrants, qu’ils relèvent ou non du droit d’asile. Précurseure, la Suisse reste une « source d’inspiration » en matière d’expulsion, de centres de tri, de prise d’empreintes ou de « disparition » des déboutés du droit d’asile qui en fait rêver plus d’un. Mais elle est aussi à l’origine de notions telles que celle de « pays d’origine sûr », promise à un « brillant » avenir en Europe.
« Les Nigériens subissent une sorte d’internement dans leur pays »
Authors: Hamadou Boulama Tcherno , Chappart Pascaline 
Published: July 2019

Rétrécissement des terres agricoles, surpeuplement des villages, absence des hommes partis chercher du travail ailleurs : le contexte socio-économique de régions très rurales du Niger oblige femmes et enfants à partir. Elles tentent leur chance en Algérie... qui les renvoie, souvent dans des conditions inhumaines. Le Niger, soucieux de son image, multiplie les dispositifs de contrôle pour tenter de bloquer ces départs. Ces régions, devenues une frontière extérieure de l’Europe, voient leur population emprisonnée dans sa misère.
L’Arabie organise l’expulsabilité des migrants
Authors: Seydou Boureima Amadou 
Published: July 2019

L’Arabie Saoudite présente cette particularité d’abriter une population à plus de 30 % étrangère, qui représente 70 % de sa population active… Les migrations de travail s’inscrivent dans le cadre d’un rapport institutionnalisé, la kafala . Elle lie le parrain (le kafil ) saoudien et l’immigré, le premier étant « garant » du second. Dans les faits, elle maintient l’immigré dans un rapport de soumission qui confine à l’exploitation, sans le protéger de l’expulsion. Bien au contraire. Les Nigériens en font l’amère expérience depuis des années.
Le nombre six est-il créateur ou créature ?
Authors: Porro Pasquale 
Published: July 2019

Parmi les différentes questions des Quodlibeta de la première régence parisienne de Thomas d’Aquin, il s’en trouve une ( Quodl. VIII, q. 1, a. 1, Pâques 1257) particulièrement intéressante du point de vue philosophique, mais sous un titre qui en dissimule, au moins au premier coup d’œil, le véritable contenu : le nombre six, selon lequel on dit que toutes les créatures furent réalisées, est-il créateur ou créature ? La référence est évidemment aux six jours de la création selon le récit de la Genèse , et plus précisément à l’exégèse qu’en avait proposée saint Augustin dans le De Genesi ad litteram (en particulier IV, 7, 14), mais, en réalité, l’article est pour Thomas une bonne occasion de reprendre et réorganiser la doctrine avicennienne de l’indifférence des essences qu’il avait déjà utilisée dès le début de sa production, dans le De ente et essentia . Dans la conception exemplariste de Thomas d’Aquin, l’essence ou nature, en tant qu’elle est pensée par Dieu, précède sa considération absolue, ses instances physiques dans les réalités singulières, et l’être intelligible que la chose reçoit, à partir de l’expérience des choses sensibles, dans l’intellect humain. De cette façon, Thomas donne l’impression de “replatoniser” une théorie qu’Avicenne avait élaborée pour contourner la doctrine platonicienne et néoplatonicienne des universaux (même si Avicenne n’avait pas renoncé à une forme d’exemplarisme en ce qui concerne le rôle des intelligences). Une dernière remarque concerne le primat de l’espèce sur les individus, que Thomas tire de sa conclusion précédente et affirme très clairement dans l’article suivant de la même question quodlibétique.
Physical and Emotional Effects of Whistle blowing
Authors: McDonald Sally , Ahern Kathy 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
This research examined the stress-induced health effects of whistleblowing and non-whistleblowing on nurses in Western Australia. A descriptive survey design was used to explore the physical and emotional problems experienced by nurses who did and did not blow the whistle on misconduct in the workplace. A questionnaire based on Lazarus and Folkman's Model of Stress and Coping was developed and posted anonymously to general and mental health nurses.
Ninety-five nurses responded to the questionnaire, and 70 were identified as whistleblowers and 25 were identified as non-whistleblowers. Results indicated that 70% of whistleblowers and 64% of non-whistleblowers experienced stress-induced physical problems from being involved in a whistleblowing situation. The most common physical problems experienced by nurses were restless sleep, fatigue, headaches, insomnia, and increased smoking. In addition, 94% of whistleblowers and 92% of non-whistleblowers suffered stress-related emotional problems, the most frequent being anger, anxiety, and disillusionment. Whistleblowers and non-whistleblowers suffered a similar percentage of physical health problems, whereas non-whistleblowers suffered a higher percentage of emotional health problems, especially feelings of guilt, shame, and unworthiness. These findings suggest that whistleblowing situations are stressful and may cause physical and emotional health problems whether one blows the whistle or not.
Heart Sounds Classification for a Medical Diagnostic Assistance
Authors: Bourouhou Abdelhamid , Jilbab Abdelilah , Nacir Chafik , Hammouch Ahmed 
Published: July 2019

In order to develop the assessment of phonocardiogram “PCG” signal for discrimination between two of people classes – individuals with heart disease and healthy one- we have adopted the database provided by "The PhysioNet/Computing in Cardilogy Challenge 2016", which contains records of heart sounds 'PCG '. This database is chosen in order to compare and validate our results with those already published. We subsequently extracted 20 features from each provided record. For classification, we used the Generalized Linear Model (GLM), and the Support Vector Machines (SVMs) with its different types of kernels (i.e.; Linear, polynomial and MLP). The best classification accuracy obtained was 88.25%, using the SVM classifier with an MLP kernel.
Origami for Tight Spaces - 3D 250C PCB Assemblies for Control Systems
Authors: Tremlett Piers , Elliot Phil , Tena Pablo 
Published: July 2019

Printed circuit board (PCB) assemblies must fit into unusual spaces for many real-life, high temperature applications such as sensors and actuators. This paper details the design and manufacture of a complex control circuit for a jet engine fuel flow valve. “Origami” was needed to fit this control circuitry into the tight space in the valve, this was achieved using a high temperature flex rigid PCB assembly.
The valve was mounted on a hot section of the engine, and the assembly was tested for its capability to operate at 178°C and withstand multiple thermal cycles of −55°C and 175°C during its operational life. Various component joining media were investigated to extend the life of the assembly.
The project also developed a one-time programmable (OTP) memory aimed at up to 300°C operation for on board memory to provide calibration data or boot memory for high temperature microcontrollers or processors. The device was based on Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) technology.
Investigation of phase change materials for efficient thermal management of electronic modules
Authors: Novikov A. , Maxa J. , Nowottnick M. , Heimann M. , Jarchoff K. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Power electronics is a key technology for the advancement and spreading of electromobility applications and compact power supply devices on the market. The use of new WBG semiconductors (e.g. SiC, GaN) as well as highly integrated silicon-based power electronics enables a significant increase in power density with increasing integration. At the same time, however, this development requires costly thermal management solutions, since the power semiconductors generate considerable heat loss during operation.
To ensure the robustness of the systems, the components must be protected from critical temperatures. Nowadays, a considerable effort for active and passive cooling by fans, microfluidic systems or heat pipes is operated. Compared with that, the usage of phase change materials (PCM) is a novel approach for sophisticated thermal management [1], [2].
In this paper some selected results of research project SWE-eT (Heat-retaining coatings for next-generation, efficient, compact power electronics) funded as part of KomroL program (Compact and robust power electronics of the next generation) of German Federal Ministry of Education and Research are presented. Main goal of this project is development, investigation and testing of efficient thermal management solutions based on heat-storing layer systems through phase transition processes. The research project was focused on investigation of sugar alcohols as PCM because of its wide range of melting temperature, high enthalpy of fusion and low cost.
Considerations for Sintering in High Temperature Electronics
Authors: Krebs Thomas 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
High temperature electronics are used in a wide range of applications especially in extreme environments. There is a clear trend in aircrafts to have electrical controls mounted closer to the engine [1]. In cars more and more mechanical and hydraulic systems are replaced by electromechanical or mechatronic systems [2]. They are getting closer to high temperature environments like the engine or brakes. To its nature, avionic and automotive applications require predictable, highly reliable systems. Because elevated temperatures will increase the speed of material aging, the combination of high operation temperatures and high reliability is quite challenging. This applies in particular to interconnect materials such as solders or bonding wires.
On-turbine multisensors based on Hybrid Ceramic Manufacturing Technology
Authors: Ziesche Steffen , Goldberg Adrian , Partsch Uwe , Kappert Holger , Kind Heidrun , Aden Mirko , Naumann Falk 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The contribution evaluates the potential of piezoresistive multilayer ceramic sensory solutions using Low or High Temperature Cofired Ceramics (LTCC/HTCC) for on-turbine sensors. Relevant ceramic materials were characterized and evaluated with regard to applicability and reliability under application-like conditions. A multilayer ceramic sensory element was designed including a ceramic embedded pressure sensing membrane, a Pt100 temperature sensor and ceramic integrated wiring. Appropriate sealing methods to implement the ceramic into metal housings as well as electrical connection solutions were worked out, which allow for an operation under the increased temperatures (&gt; 300°C) of the application. A system concept, including sensory element, signal conditioning electronics, mechanical and electrical interfaces is part of the investigation.
Modular Desktop Platform for High-Temperature Characterization and Test up to 300 °C
Authors: Reinhold Tom , Bieske Björn , Gläser Georg , Meister Michael 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
To test, evaluate and characterize new integrated circuits (ICs) for high temperature application no easy, cheap or portable platform is available. On the other hand, industrial applications require more and more high temperature circuits.
To solve all these problems, a novel and modular platform was developed by IMMS, which allows for heating ICs up to 300 °C. The main feature is the portable high temperature fixture with integrated heating capability combined with a reliable method to contact the device. This way the device can be operated and heated at the same time.
The platform was applied to a high temperature sensor interface which conditions signals from Wheatstone pressure sensors. Due to the modularity, the presented platform can be adapted to characterization as well as demonstration scenarios. By observing the circuit during heating and cooling processes, the performance can be recorded in real time by the integrated single board computer.
Safety of Immune Checkpoint Blockade in Patients with Cancer and Preexisting Autoimmune Diseases and/or Chronic Inflammatory Disorders
Authors: Shah Mohsin , Jizzini Mazen N. , Majzoub Imad E. , Qdaisat Aiham , Reyes-Gibby Cielito C. , Yeung Sai-Ching J. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background: Checkpoint blockade therapy, in the form of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), is increasingly being used to prolong survival in cancer patients, but its use is limited by the occurrence of immune-related adverse events (irAEs). These can be serious and occasionally fatal. However, the safety of ICIs is currently unknown in cancer patients with preexisting autoimmune diseases (PADs) and/or chronic inflammatory disorders (CIDs) such as eczema. Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate the safety of ICIs in cancer patients with PAD and/or eczema at our institution. Patients and Methods: A retrospective study of cancer patients who presented to the Emergency Department between March 1, 2011, and February 29, 2016, after ICI therapy was previously conducted. Among these patients, those with PAD and/or eczema were further evaluated for safety by determining the occurrences of de novo irAEs or preexisting disease exacerbation. Results: Twenty-two cancer patients with PAD and/or eczema who received ICIs were reviewed, in which 15 were male (68%). Their median age was 63 years (range: 40–78 years). Most patients received anti-PD-1drugs (68%). Melanoma was the most common malignancy (45%). Autoimmune thyroiditis/primary hypothyroidism was the most common PAD. Four patients were receiving treatment for PAD at baseline using systemic corticosteroids, anti-inflammatory agents, and other immunosuppressants. Nineteen patients experienced de novo irAEs and/or PAD exacerbation. In three patients, the irAE was severe (grade ≥3). In six patients, the irAE or exacerbation was managed with systemic corticosteroids. Twelve patients experienced resolution of the de novo irAE or PAD exacerbation without the need to withhold or discontinue ICI therapy. The median time to last follow-up or death from the first dose of ICI was 16.8 months (range: 2–80 months). Death due to cancer progression was reported in 17 patients. Conclusion: Although de novo irAEs and PAD exacerbation were common, most patients with PAD and/or CIDs tolerated ICI therapy well.
A Measurable Selector in Kadison’s Carpenter’s Theorem
Authors: Bownik Marcin , Szyszkowski Marcin 
Published: July 2019

AbstractWe show the existence of a measurable selector in Carpenter’s Theorem due to Kadison. This solves a problem posed by Jasper and the first author in an earlier work. As an application we obtain a characterization of all possible spectral functions of shift-invariant subspaces of $L^{2}(\mathbb{R}^{d})$ and Carpenter’s Theorem for type $\text{I}_{\infty }$ von Neumann algebras.