bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the Detection of Coronal Dimmings and the Extraction of Their Characteristic Properties
Authors: Dissauer K. , Veronig A. M. , Temmer M. , Podladchikova T. , Vanninathan K. 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Coronal dimmings are distinct phenomena associated with coronal mass ejections (CMEs). The study of coronal dimmings and the extraction of their characteristic parameters help us to obtain additional information regarding CMEs, especially on the initiation and early evolution of Earth-directed CMEs. We present a new approach to detect coronal dimming regions based on a thresholding technique applied on logarithmic base-ratio images. Characteristic dimming parameters describing the dynamics, morphology, magnetic properties, and the brightness of coronal dimming regions are extracted by cumulatively summing newly dimmed pixels over time. It is also demonstrated how core dimming regions are identified as a subset of the overall identified dimming region. We successfully apply our method to two well-observed coronal dimming events. For both events, the core dimming regions are identified and the spatial evolution of the dimming area reveals the expansion of the dimming region around these footpoints. We also show that in the early impulsive phase of the dimming expansion the total unsigned magnetic flux involved in the dimming regions is balanced and that up to 30% of this flux results from the localized core dimming regions. Furthermore, the onset in the profile of the area growth rate is cotemporal with the start of the associated flares and in one case also with the fast rise of the CME, indicating a strong relationship of coronal dimmings with both flares and CMEs.
Classification of Tidal Disruption Events Based on Stellar Orbital Properties
Authors: Hayasaki Kimitake , Zhong Shiyan , Li Shuo , Berczik Peter , Spurzem Rainer 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
We study the rates of tidal disruption of stars on bound to unbound orbits by intermediate-mass to supermassive black holes using high-accuracy direct N-body experiments. Stars from the star cluster approaching the black hole can have three types of orbit: eccentric, parabolic, and hyperbolic. Since the mass fallback rate shows different variabilities depending on the orbital type, we can classify tidal disruption events (TDEs) into three main categories: eccentric, parabolic, and hyperbolic. The respective TDEs are characterized by two critical values of the orbital eccentricity: the lower critical eccentricity is the one below which stars on eccentric orbits cause finite, intense accretion, and the upper critical eccentricity is the one above which stars on hyperbolic orbits cause no accretion. Moreover, we find that parabolic TDEs can be divided into three subclasses: precisely parabolic, marginally eccentric, and marginally hyperbolic. We analytically derive that the mass fallback rate of marginally eccentric TDEs can be flatter and slightly higher than the standard fallback rate proportional to t
−5/3, whereas it can be flatter and lower for marginally hyperbolic TDEs. We confirm using N-body experiments that only a few eccentric, precisely parabolic, and hyperbolic TDEs can occur in a spherical stellar system with a single intermediate-mass to supermassive black hole. A substantial fraction of the stars approaching the black hole would cause marginally eccentric or marginally hyperbolic TDEs.
Bipolar Jets Launched by a Mean-field Accretion Disk Dynamo
Authors: Fendt Christian , Gaßmann Dennis 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
By applying magnetohydrodynamic simulations, we investigate the launching of jets driven by a disk magnetic field generated by a mean-field disk dynamo. Extending our earlier studies, we explore the bipolar evolution of the disk α
2Ω-dynamo and the outflow. We confirm that a negative dynamo-α leads to a dipolar field geometry, whereas positive values generate quadrupolar fields. The latter remain mainly confined to the disk and cannot launch outflows. We investigate a parameter range for the dynamo-α ranging from a critical value below which field generation is negligible,

, to α
0 = −1.0. For weak

, two magnetic loop structures with opposite polarity may arise, which leads to reconnection and disturbs the field evolution and accretion-ejection process. For a strong dynamo-α, a higher poloidal magnetic energy is reached, roughly scaling with

, which also leads to higher accretion and ejection rates. The terminal jet speed is governed by the available magnetic energy and increases with the dynamo-α. We find jet velocities on the order of the inner disk Keplerian velocity. For a strong dynamo-α, oscillating dynamo modes may occur that can lead to a pulsed ejection. This is triggered by an oscillating mode in the toroidal field component. The oscillation period is comparable to the Keplerian timescale in the launching region, thus too short to be associated with the knots in observed jets. We find a hemispherically asymmetric evolution for the jet and counter-jet in the mass flux and field structure.
Taxonomy and phylogeny of Lopharia s.s., Dendrodontia, Dentocorticium and Fuscocerrena (Basidiomycota, Polyporales)
Authors: Liu Shi-Liang , Nakasone Karen K. , Wu Sheng-Hua , He Shuang-Hui , Dai Yu-Cheng 
Published: March 2018

Eleven taxa ofLopharias.s.,Dendrodontia,DentocorticiumandFuscocerrenain Polyporales are included in the phylogenetic analyses of nuc rDNA ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 (ITS), D1-D2 domains of nuc 28S rDNA (28S) and RNA polymerase II second-largest subunit (rpb2) sequences. New speciesLophariaresupinataandL.sinensisare described and illustrated.Lophariaresupinata, from south-eastern China, is closely related toL.ayresii, andL.sinensis, from northern China, is related toL.cinerascensandL.mirabilis.Lophariamirabilisspecimens from temperate to tropical areas with varied hymenophore configurations all cluster together in a fully supported clade.DendrodontiaandFuscocerrenaare shown to be synonyms ofDentocorticium, which is phylogenetically related toLopharia. Four new combinations,Dentocorticiumbicolor,D.hyphopaxillosum,D.portoricenseandD.taiwanianum, are proposed. Revised generic descriptions ofLophariaandDentocorticiumare provided with keys to the six accepted species in each genus. A list of all names inLophariaandDentocorticiumare presented with their current taxonomic status. Type specimens ofDentocorticiumbrasilienseandD.irregularewere examined and determined to be later synonyms ofPunctulariasubhepaticaandDiplomitoporusdaedaleiformis, respectively.Corticioid fungi, dendrohyphidia, species complex, wood-inhabiting fungi
Glucocorticoids Are Associated with an Increased Risk for Vertebral Fracture in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Kim Dam , Cho Soo-Kyung , Park Byeongju , Jang Eun Jin , Bae Sang-Cheol , Sung Yoon-Kyoung 
Published: March 2018

Objective.To identify the effects of glucocorticoids (GC) on various types of fractures in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Methods.We used the Korean National Healthcare Claims database from 2010 to establish a retrospective cohort of patients with RA ≥ 19 years old. We then followed those patients through December 2013. The incidence rates of total and major fractures were calculated. We evaluated the effects of GC dose and duration on fractures using multivariable logistic regression analyses. We also examined the influence of GC on fractures in RA patients without a history of osteoporosis.Results.A total of 11,599 fractures was observed in 9964 out of 138,240 patients with RA. During followup, 68.2% of patients used oral GC for > 3 months. Adjusted analysis showed the risk of vertebral fractures was increased by the following characteristics: duration of GC ≥ 6 months (OR 1.76, p < 0.01); mean dose of GC ≥ 2.5 mg (OR range = 1.37–1.71, p < 0.01); and highest daily dose of GC ≥ 10 mg (OR range = 1.23–1.75, p < 0.03). However, neither the duration nor the dose of oral GC increased the risk of hip and nonvertebral/nonhip fractures in patients with RA. Consistent results were observed in RA patients without osteoporosis.Conclusion.Longer duration and higher dose of oral GC in patients with RA increased the risk of vertebral fractures. However, the dose and duration of GC did not influence the risk of hip and nonvertebral/nonhip fractures.
In Early Axial Spondyloarthritis, Increasing Disease Activity Is Associated with Worsening of Health-related Quality of Life over Time
Authors: van Lunteren Miranda , Ez-Zaitouni Zineb , de Koning Anoek , Dagfinrud Hanne , Ramonda Roberta , Jacobsson Lennart , Landewé Robert , van der Heijde Désirée , van Gaalen Floris A. 
Published: March 2018

Objective.In early axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA), data are lacking about the relationship between disease activity and health-related quality of life (HRQOL). We assessed and quantified the association between change in Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score (ASDAS) and HRQOL over time in early axSpA.Methods.Baseline and 1-year data of patients with axSpA fulfilling the Assessment of Spondyloarthritis international Society (ASAS) classification criteria from the SPondyloArthritis Caught Early (SPACE) cohort were analyzed. Associations between change in ASDAS and in physical (PCS) or mental component summary (MCS) of the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-36 were tested by linear regression models. Age, sex, ASAS criteria arm, and blue- versus white-collar work were tested for effect modification. Subsequently, these factors and medication were tested for confounding.Results.There were 161 patients with axSpA [53% male, mean (± SD) age 29.7 (± 7.5) yrs, symptom duration 13.6 (± 7.2) months, HLA-B27–positive 91%, radiographic sacroiliitis 22%] who had ASDAS of 2.5 (± 1.0) and 2.0 (± 0.8), PCS of 28.4 (± 14.3) and 36.9 (± 13.1), and MCS of 48.2 (± 13.8) and 49.3 (± 12.0) at baseline and 1 year, respectively. Per unit increase in ASDAS between baseline and 1 year, PCS worsened by 9.5 points. The same level of disease activity had fewer adverse effects on physical HRQOL in women and white-collar workers.Conclusion.To our knowledge, our data are the first to show that in a broad group of patients with early axSpA, increasing ASDAS is associated with worsening of physical HRQOL, but not mental HRQOL, over time.
La méritocratie en gouvernance : les mentalités doivent changer
Authors: Francœur Claude , d’Amours Liette 
Published: March 2018

Alors que le taux de diplomation des femmes dans les universités canadiennes dépasse celui des hommes depuis près de 20 ans, le taux de représentation des femmes aux conseils d’administration et parmi la haute direction des entreprises peine toujours à atteindre les 15 % au Canada. Nous sommes donc encore très loin de la parité à l’échelon décisionnel. Mais comment expliquer la persistance de cet écart et, surtout, comment le réduire ?
Le maintien d’un bon climat social au travail : relevez ce nouveau défi !
Authors: Beau Pauline 
Published: March 2018

Le stress de vos équipes et les risques psychosociaux associés vous préoccupent ? Vous n’êtes pas les seuls. Les gestionnaires des ressources humaines et les administrateurs se doivent aujourd’hui d’en suivre et d’en contrôler l’évolution. Néanmoins, les outils pour y parvenir et les conditions dans lesquelles on doit y recourir ne sont pas toujours suffisamment connus. Voici comment y voir plus clair.
Le cas de Dom Pedro II, empereur du Brésil et traducteur
Authors: Romanelli Sergio , Stallaert Christiane , Soares Noêmia G. , Mafra Adriano 
Published: March 2018

Cet article présente les recherches que nous menons sur le rôle de l’empereur Dom Pedro II (1825-1891) dans la constitution d’une identité nationale brésilienne – authentiquement autochtone mais ouverte aux ferments culturels d’autres pays –, rôle à notre avis central, mais considéré comme marginal par l’historiographie brésilienne. Le projet « Dom Pedro II : un traducteur empereur », porté par le Centre d’études du processus de création (NUPROC) de l’université fédérale de Santa Catarina (Brésil), a pour objectif de faire connaître cet intellectuel, très important dans l’histoire du Brésil et du Portugal, mais dont l’intense activité de traducteur est peu connue du grand public et dans les milieux scientifiques. Dans le cadre de ce projet, nous analysons ses traductions littéraires, qui ont été réalisées en différentes langues (classiques et modernes) et qui ont été totalement ignorées par la presse officielle de l’époque, qui ne s’intéressait qu’aux actes politiques et administratifs de l’empereur.
Le « devenir auctorial » d’Ahmadou Kourouma
Authors: Corcoran Patrick 
Published: March 2018

Toute tentative d’élucidation des moments-clés, supposés être déterminants, dans le devenir d’un écrivain risque de privilégier la biographie de l’auteur en question et de nous éloigner de l’étude analytique de son écriture. L’un des défis inhérents à la notion même d’une genèse auctoriale est celui de savoir comment transposer les méthodes et les outils employés par la génétique textuelle dans cet autre domaine, infiniment plus insaisissable, d’une vie humaine. Conscient de cette difficulté, cet article examine le parcours suivi par Ahmadou Kourouma vers la publication de son premier roman, Les Soleils des indépendances. Le contexte historique dans lequel ce projet d’écriture a vu le jour est esquissé, non pas pour expliquer l’existence du roman, mais pour confirmer l’une des sources majeures de la motivation de son auteur. L’histoire éditoriale du roman est également évoquée, mais sans lui conférer une valeur explicative quelconque. Refusant d’entériner l’opinion exprimée par Kourouma lui-même dans un court article sur le rôle joué par Georges-André Vachon dans la publication de son roman (« Vachon, l’ami qui m’a fait »), l’article s’appuie sur une analyse du modus scribendi de Kourouma et sur une étude des multiples traces matérielles fournies par les archives pour dresser le portrait d’un écrivain, autodidacte certes, mais aussi acharné que méticuleux. Passionné par les dictionnaires et les livres de stylistique, Kourouma souhaitait vivement devenir écrivain et c’est grâce à une pratique scripturale menée sur de longues années, accompagnée d’un questionnement incessant sur sa propre pratique, qu’il a su réaliser ses ambitions.
Sur la conformité constitutionnelle de la représentativité proportionnée aux élections professionnelles
Authors: de Tonnac Aurélia 
Published: March 2018

Le 19 janvier 2018, le Conseil constitutionnel s'est prononcé sur la conformité d'une partie de la loi du 17 août 2015 relative au dialogue social et à l'emploi, dite "loi Rebsamen". La question prioritaire de constitutionnalité transmise par la Cour de cassation portait sur les règles relatives aux élections professionnelles lorsque les listes présentent plusieurs candidats. Le dispositif, maintenu en partie par l'ordonnance du 22 septembre 2017 entre temps, instaure une obligation de présenter des listes "correspondant à la part de femmes et d'hommes inscrits sur la liste électorale". Le Conseil Constitutionnel affirme une conformité de principe assortie d'une réserve d'interprétation des règles de représentativité proportionnée des sexes, par rapport au second alinéa de l'article 1er de la Constitution, aux principes d'égalité devant la loi et de participation des travailleurs. Cette décision s'inscrit dans la jurisprudence constitutionnelle abondante qui œuvre à concilier les dispositifs légaux visant à favoriser une représentation équilibrée des deux sexes avec les autres principes constitutionnels.
Durable and Self-Healing Cement Systems: Lab Testing and Field Deployment
Authors: Al-Yami A. S. , Wagle Vikrant , Santagati Antonio A. , Taoutaou S. 
Published: March 2018

Pressure and temperature changes during the life of the well could cause some Casing-Casing annulus (CCA) pressure leaks in the annulus between 13 3/8" and 9 5/8" casings, and 13 3/8" and 18 5/8" casings. Such failures in wellbore isolation prevent us from taking full potential of our high performance wells, Al-Yami et al. 2018.Different solutions have been presented in past to achieve long term well integrity, however this paper works on the postulate that long-term zonal isolation can only be provided by a competent annular seal which can be achieved with improved cement bonding and a cement system which withstand sheath stresses due to well operations. Solution provided in this paper includes process of improved slurry system's design, execution and evaluation for offshore operations.To overcome these problems, self-healing cement system and durable cement systems were developed to ensure well integrity during the life of the well, providing competent annular pressure seal. Unlike conventional cement systems, self-healing system expands after setting, improving cement bonding and sealing micro annuli that can cause unwanted gas migration. Due to its improved mechanical properties and low Young's modulus it can withstand cement sheath stresses well operations. For formation where hydrocarbons are not present to trigger the self-healing mechanism, the durable cement system is the solution to use. It has suitable components to optimize its mechanical properties to withstand pressure and temperature cycling.Under most failure conditions, tensile strength of a cement has a greater impact on its failure as compared to the cement's compressive strength. Consequently, increasing tensile strength of a cement is higher priority than increasing its relative compressive strength. This can be achieved by using additives such as latex, polyvinyl alcohol or fibers or simply by increasing cement flexibility Al-Yami et al. 2018. The objective of this paper is to highlight new designs and applications for self-healing cement system and durable cement.
Towards a common basis for the sampling of materials
Authors: Visman J 
Published: March 2018

Dans de nombreux domaines de recherches, on a besoin d'une méthode générale poux évaluer à l'avance la précision d'échantillons tirés systématiquement de lots de matériaux qui ne sont pas des mélanges au
hasard. Les matériaux et les variates peuvent varier considérablement et los circonstances dans lesquelles les échantillons sont pris peuvent varier beaucoup, mais les causes de variation de la valeur de l'échantillon sont limitées. Deux facteurs ne dépendent que de la
nature du lot: la variation aléatoire et la « ségrégation » On peut les évaluer comme variances partielles, d'après une expérience spéciale ou bien d'après des connaissances antérieures si l'on connaît la composition et la distribution du
matériau. Les autres facteurs de la précision de l'échantillon sont: le nombre (N) des prélèvements obtenus de toutes les parties du lot, et la grandeur (lei ) de l'échantillon total; ces variables opératoires peuvent dans une certaine mesure être
modifiées à volonté par l'échantillonneur. L'équation s2 = A/W 4. B/N est valable quelle que soit la forme de la distribution de la variate. Elle s'applique en général pour des estimations de premier ordre de la limite sup4rieure de la variance
d'échantillonnage (s2) Le degré de ségrégation est exprimé. par z2 B/A. L'auteur propose un "tableau d'échantillonnage" expérimental pour démontrer les rapports ci-dessus, dans le cas de distributions binomiales de la variate. Dos expériences avec ce
tableau confirment que ces équations s'appliquent aux conditions d'échantillonnage systématique aussi bien qu'a l'échantillonnage au hasard, et qu'on peut les utiliser pour évaluer et prédire la précision d'échantillonnage, pour un grand nombre de
matériaux.
Quality of life of dentists
Authors: Abraham Sheela B. , Amini Aline Mazen Alsakka , Khorshed Noha Ehab , Awad Manal 
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACT
Objective: An important determinant of job satisfaction and life fulfillment is the quality of life (QOL) of the individuals working in a particular field. Currently, in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), there is limited research pertaining to the QOL of dentists. The main objective of this study was to assess QOL of dentists in the UAE. Materials and Methods: The World Health Organization (WHO) QOL-BREF questionnaire (the World Health Organization abbreviated instrument for QOL assessment), which assesses QOL in physical, psychological, social, and environmental domains, was found to be a suitable instrument for use. A total of 290 questionnaires were distributed to general dental practitioners and specialists working in the private sector. The response rate was 46%. The completed questionnaires were coded and analyzed using the SPSS IBM software version 21. Results: QOL of specialists was significantly better than general practitioners (GPs) on all domains of the WHOQOL-BREF (P < 0.05). Married dentists had better QOL than singles on the social and environmental domains. Furthermore, specialists reported significantly better QOL compared to GPs after adjustment for sex, age, and marital status (P < 0.05) in the psychosocial and environmental domains. Conclusions: Among dentists who work in the UAE, QOL can be affected by several factors, one of them being whether dentist is a GP or a specialist.
Accuracy of computer-guided surgery for dental implant placement in fully edentulous patients: A systematic review
Authors: Marlière Daniel Amaral Alves , Demètrio Maurício Silva , Picinini Leonardo Santos , Oliveira Rodrigo Guerra De , Netto Henrique Duque De Miranda Chaves 
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACTAssess clinical studies regarding accuracy between virtual planning of computer-guided surgery and actual outcomes of dental implant placements in total edentulous alveolar ridges. A PubMed search was performed to identify only clinical studies published between 2011 and 2016, searching the following combinations of keywords: “Accuracy AND Computer-Assisted Surgery AND Dental Implants.” Study designs were identified using the terms: Case Reports, Clinical study, Randomized Controlled Trial, Systematic Reviews, Meta-Analysis, humans. Level of agreement between the authors in the study selection process was substantial (k = 0.767), and the study eligibility was considered excellent (k = 0.863). Seven articles were included in this review. They describe the use of bone and muco-supported guides, demonstrating angular deviations cervically and apically ranging from (minimum and maximum means), respectively, 1.85-8.4 (°), 0.17-2.17 (mm), and 0.77-2.86 (mm). Angular deviations obtained most inaccuracy in maxila. For cervical and apical deviations, accuracy was preponderantly lower in maxilla. Despite the similar deviations measurement approaches described, clinical relevance of this study may be useful to warn the surgeon that safety margins in clinical situations.