bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patient Characteristics Associated with Treatment Initiation and Engagement among Individuals Diagnosed with Alcohol and Other Drug use Disorders in Emergency Department and Primary Care Settings
Authors: Kline-Simon Andrea H. , Stumbo Scott P. , Campbell Cynthia I. , Binswanger Ingrid A. , Weisner Constance , Haller Irina V. , Hechter Rulin C. , Ahmedani Brian K. , Lapham Gwen T. , Loree Amy M. , Sterling Stacy A. , Yarborough Bobbi Jo H. 
Published: January 2019

Background Treatment initiation and engagement rates for alcohol and other drug (AOD) use disorders differ depending on where the AOD use disorder was identified. Emergency department (ED) and primary care (PC) are 2 common settings where patients are identified; however, it is unknown whether characteristics of patients who initiate and engage in treatment differ between these settings. Methods Patients identified with an AOD disorder in ED or PC settings were drawn from a larger study that examined Healthcare Effectiveness Data and Information Set (HEDIS) AOD treatment initiation and engagement measures across 7 health systems using electronic health record data ( n = 54,321). Multivariable generalized linear models, with a logit link, clustered on health system, were used to model patient factors associated with initiation and engagement in treatment, between and within each setting. Results Patients identified in the ED had higher odds of initiating treatment than those identified in PC (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.89, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.73–2.07), with no difference in engagement between the settings. Among those identified in the ED, compared with patients aged 18–29, older patients had higher odds of treatment initiation (age 30–49: aOR = 1.25, 95% CI = 1.12–1.40; age 50–64: aOR = 1.42, 95% CI = 1.26–1.60; age 65+: aOR = 1.27, 95% CI = 1.08–1.49). However, among those identified in PC, compared with patients aged 18–29, older patients were less likely to initiate (age 30–49: aOR = 0.81, 95% CI = 0.71–0.94; age 50–64: aOR = 0.68, 95% CI = 0.58–0.78; age 65+: aOR = 0.47, 95% CI = 0.40–0.56). Women identified in ED had lower odds of initiating treatment (aOR = 0.80, 95% CI = 0.72–0.88), whereas sex was not associated with treatment initiation in PC. In both settings, patients aged 65+ had lower odds of engaging compared with patients aged 18–29 (ED: aOR = 0.61, 95% CI = 0.38–0.98; PC: aOR = 0.42, 95% CI = 0.26–0.68). Conclusion Initiation and engagement in treatment differed by sex and age depending on identification setting. This information could inform tailoring of future AOD interventions.
GLAD: GLycan Array Dashboard, a visual analytics tool for glycan microarrays
Authors: Mehta Akul Y , Cummings Richard D 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Motivation
Traditional glycan microarray data is typically presented as excel files with limited visualization and interactivity. Thus, comparisons and analysis of glycan array data have been difficult, and there is need for a tool to facilitate data mining of glycan array data.

Results
GLAD (GLycan Array Dashboard) is a web-based tool to visualize, analyze, present and mine glycan microarray data. GLAD allows users to input multiple data files to create comparisons. GLAD extends the capability of the microarray data to produce more comparative visualizations in the form of grouped bar charts, heatmaps, calendar heatmaps, force graphs and correlation maps in order to analyze broad sets of samples. Additionally, it allows users to filter, sort and normalize the data and view glycan structures in an interactive manner, to facilitate faster visual data mining.

Availability and implementation
GLAD is freely available for use on the Web at https://glycotoolkit.com/Tools/GLAD/ with all major modern browsers (Edge, Firefox, Chrome, Safari).

Supplementary information
Full documentation and video tutorials for GLAD can be found on https://glycotoolkit.com/GLAD.
State Payments to Victims of Violent Crime: Discretion and Bias in Awards for Sexual Offences
Authors: Daly Kathleen , Holder Robyn L 
Published: January 2019

AbstractState monetary schemes for victims of violent crime began in the 1960s and operate in 35 countries today, yet knowledge is lacking on who is applying, how decisions are reached, variation in awards and why amounts may differ. Analysing 291 sexual offence cases in Queensland, we ask whether awards differ by victim sex/gender and by societal constructs of ideal, real rape, and credible victims. We found that male child victims received higher awards than female child victims for more serious sexual offences and that awards to females aged 12 and older were affected by elements associated with real rape and credible victims. We call upon researchers and governments to pursue and expand this new area of research.
Clinical Features of Mycobacterium canettii Infection: A Retrospective Study of 20 Cases Among French Soldiers and Relatives
Authors: Briquet Anaïs , Vong Rithy , Roseau Jean-Baptiste , Javelle Emilie , Cazes Nicolas , Rivière Fréderic , Aletti Marc , Otto Marie-Pierre , Ficko Cécile , Duron Sandrine , Fabre Michel , Pourcel Christine , Simon Fabrice , Soler Charles 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Background
Mycobacterium canettii forms part of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. Mycobacterium canettii infections are mainly described in the Horn of Africa. The permanent presence of French soldiers in Djibouti raises the question of the risk of being infected with M. canettii. Here, we describe M. canettii infections among French military and their families between 1998 and 2015.

Methods
This retrospective study relied on 3 sources of data: the reference center for mycobacteria in the Biology Department at Percy Military Hospital in Paris, the French Military Center for Epidemiology and Public Health, and the scientific literature. After an exhaustive census of the strains, we studied the epidemiological data on 20 cases among French soldiers and their families.

Results
Twenty cases of M. canettii infections are reported, including 5 unpublished cases. Adenitis predominates (n = 15), especially in the cervico facial area and among children; 1 case was observed 1 month after dental care in Djibouti. The pulmonary forms were less frequent (n = 6), and 3 atypical forms are described. All patients had stayed in Djibouti.

Conclusions
Cases of M. canettii infection among the French military consisted mainly of adenitis; disseminated forms were possible with immunodeficiency. Their evolution under specific treatments was comparable to that of tuberculosis. The presumed origin of the infection seemed to be environmental, possibly a water reservoir, and not due to human-to-human contagion.
Tests of ocean-tide models by analysis of satellite-to-satellite range measurements: an update
Authors: Ray R D , Loomis B D , Luthcke S B , Rachlin K E 
Published: January 2019

SUMMARY
Seven years of GRACE intersatellite range-rate measurements are used to test the new ocean tide model FES2014 and to compare against similar results obtained with earlier models. These qualitative assessments show that FES2014 represents a marked improvement in accuracy over its earlier incarnation, FES2012, with especially notable improvements in the Arctic Ocean for constituents K1 and S2. Degradation appears to have occurred in two anomalous regions: the Ross Sea for the O1 constituent and the Weddell Sea for M2.
On the Dynamics of Zero-Speed Solutions for Camassa–Holm-Type Equations
Authors: Alejo Miguel A , Cortez Manuel Fernando , Kwak Chulkwang , Muñoz Claudio 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIn this paper, we consider globally defined solutions of Camassa–Holm (CH)-type equations outside the well-known nonzero-speed, peakon region. These equations include the standard CH and Degasperis–Procesi (DP) equations, as well as nonintegrable generalizations such as the $b$-family, elastic rod, and Benjamin-Bona-Mahony (BBM) equations. Having globally defined solutions for these models, we introduce the notion of zero-speed and breather solutions, i.e., solutions that do not decay to zero as $t\to +\infty $ on compact intervals of space. We prove that, under suitable decay assumptions, such solutions do not exist because the identically zero solution is the global attractor of the dynamics, at least in a spatial interval of size $|x|\lesssim t^{1/2-}$ as $t\to +\infty $. As a consequence, we also show scattering and decay in CH-type equations with long-range nonlinearities. Our proof relies in the introduction of suitable virial functionals à la Martel–Merle in the spirit of the works of [74, 75] and [50] adapted to CH-, DP-, and BBM-type dynamics, one of them placed in $L^1_x$ and the 2nd one in the energy space $H^1_x$. Both functionals combined lead to local-in-space decay to zero in $|x|\lesssim t^{1/2-}$ as $t\to +\infty $. Our methods do not rely on the integrable character of the equation, applying to other nonintegrable families of CH-type equations as well.
FcγRIIIA-mediated activation of NK cells by IgG heavy chain complexed with MHC class II molecules
Authors: Shimizu Yuta , Kohyama Masako , Yorifuji Hideki , Jin Hui , Arase Noriko , Suenaga Tadahiro , Arase Hisashi 
Published: January 2019

AbstractNatural killer (NK) cells are a major FcγRIIIA-expressing lymphocyte population that mediate antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity. Although NK cells are critical for immunity against viruses and tumors, they are also activated in the joints of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and may be involved in disease progression. We previously found that human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II molecules transport misfolded cellular proteins, such as IgG heavy chain (IgGH), to the cell surface via association with their peptide-binding grooves. Furthermore, we found that IgGHs bound to HLA class II molecules encoded by RA susceptibility alleles are specific targets for rheumatoid factor, an auto-antibody involved in RA. Here, we report that IgGHs bound to HLA class II molecules preferentially stimulate FcγRIIIA-expressing but not FcγRI-expressing cells. A significant correlation was observed between the reactivity of FcγRIIIA-expressing cells to IgGH complexed with a specific HLA-DR allele and the odds ratio for HLA-DR allele’s association with RA. Moreover, primary human NK cells expressing FcγRIIIA demonstrated IFN-γ production and cytotoxicity against cells expressing IgGH complexed with HLA class II molecules. Our findings suggest that IgGH complexed with HLA class II molecules are involved in the activation of FcγRIIIA-expressing NK cells observed within arthritic joints.
Social Ecological System Tools for Improving Crop Pest Management
Authors: Magarey Roger D , Chappell Thomas M , Trexler Christina M , Pallipparambil Godshen R , Hain Ernie F 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIntegrated pest management (IPM) is a valuable tool for reducing pesticide use and for pesticide resistance management. Despite the success of IPM over the last 50 yr, significant challenges remain to improving IPM delivery and adoption. We believe that insights can be obtained from the field of Social Ecological Systems (SES). We first describe the complexity of crop pest management and how various social actors influence grower decision making, including adoption of IPM. Second, we discuss how crop pest management fits the definition of an SES, including such factors as scale, dynamic complexities, critical resources, and important social–ecological interactions. Third, we describe heuristics and simulation models as tools to understand complex SES and develop new strategies. Finally, we conclude with a brief discussion of how social processes and SES techniques could improve crop pest management in the future, including the delivery of IPM, while reducing negative social and environmental impacts.
Acceleration and escape processes of high-energy particles in turbulence inside hot accretion flows
Authors: Kimura Shigeo S , Tomida Kengo , Murase Kohta 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
We investigate acceleration and propagation processes of high-energy particles inside hot accretion flows. The magnetorotational instability (MRI) creates turbulence inside accretion flows, which triggers magnetic reconnection and may produce non-thermal particles. They can be further accelerated stochastically by the turbulence. To probe the properties of such relativistic particles, we perform magnetohydrodynamic simulations to obtain the turbulent fields generated by the MRI, and calculate orbits of the high-energy particles using snapshot data of the MRI turbulence. We find that the particle acceleration is described by a diffusion phenomenon in energy space with a diffusion coefficient of the hard-sphere type: Dε ∝ ε2, where ε is the particle energy. Eddies in the largest scale of the turbulence play a dominant role in the acceleration process. On the other hand, the stochastic behaviour in configuration space is not usual diffusion but superdiffusion: the radial displacement increases with time faster than that in the normal diffusion. Also, the magnetic field configuration in the hot accretion flow creates outward bulk motion of high-energy particles. This bulk motion is more effective than the diffusive motion for higher energy particles. Our results imply that typical active galactic nuclei that host hot accretion flows can accelerate CRs up to ε ∼ 0.1−10 PeV.
Receptor for advanced glycation end products: a key molecule in the genesis of chronic kidney disease vascular calcification and a potential modulator of sodium phosphate co-transporter PIT-1 expression
Authors: Belmokhtar Karim , Ortillon Jeremy , Jaisson Stéphane , Massy Ziad A , Boulagnon Rombi Camille , Doué Manon , Maurice Pascal , Fritz Günter , Gillery Philippe , Schmidt Ann Marie , Rieu Philippe , Touré Fatouma 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBackgroundChronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with increased cardiovascular mortality, frequent vascular calcification (VC) and accumulation of uraemic toxins. Advanced glycation end products and S100 proteins interact with the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE). In the present work, we aimed to investigate the role(s) of RAGE in the CKD–VC process.MethodsApoe−/− or Apoe−/−Ager (RAGE)−/− male mice were assigned to CKD or sham-operated groups. A high-phosphate diet was given to a subgroup of Apoe−/−and Apoe−/−Ager−/− CKD mice. Primary cultures of Ager+/+ and Ager−/− vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) were established and stimulated with either vehicle, inorganic phosphate (Pi) or RAGE ligands (S100A12; 20 µM).ResultsAfter 12 weeks of CKD we observed a significant increase in RAGE ligand (AGE and S100 proteins) concentrations in the serum of CKD Apoe−/− mice. Ager messenger RNA (mRNA) levels were 4-fold higher in CKD vessels of Apoe−/− mice. CKD Apoe−/− but not CKD Apoe−/− or Ager−/− mice displayed a marked increase in the VC surface area. Similar trends were found in the high-phosphate diet condition. mRNA levels of Runx2 significantly increased in the Apoe−/− CKD group. In vitro, stimulation of Ager+/+VSMCs with Pi or S100A12 induced mineralization and osteoblast transformation, and this was inhibited by phosphonoformic acid (Pi co-transporters inhibitor) and Ager deletion. In vivo and in vitro RAGE was necessary for regulation of the expression of Pit-1, at least in part through production of reactive oxygen species.ConclusionRAGE, through the modulation of Pit-1 expression, is a key molecule in the genesis of VC.
Posterior Interhemispheric Precuneal Approach: Fundamental Principles and Case Illustration: 3-Dimensional Operative Video
Authors: Patra Devi Prasad , Savardekar Amey Rajan , Dossani Rimal H , Mohammed Nasser , Narayan Vinayak , Georgescu Maria-Magdalena , Nanda Anil 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Peritrigonal lesions are deeply seated and are surrounded by critical neurovascular structures. Traditional transcortical approaches carry the risk of damage to important surrounding white matter tracts. In this regard, a posterior interhemispheric approach gives a more direct and less invasive route and therefore is a reasonable alternative to transcortical approaches. The 3-dimensional video includes illustrations and animations showing the anatomy of the white matter tracts around the trigone and explains the physiological basis of posterior interhemispheric precuneal approach to this complex region. This also includes a 3-dimensional operative video of the same approach in a 50-yr-old male patient with left periatrial lesion describing surgical techniques and nuances.
An informed written consent has been obtained from the patient.
Ramsay Sedation Scale and Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale
Authors: Rasheed Akram M. , Amirah Mohammad F. , Abdallah Mohammad , P.J. Parameaswari , Issa Marwan , Alharthy Abdulrhman 
Published: January 2019

Background
Many sedation scales and tools have been developed and compared for validity in critically ill patients. However, selection and use of sedation scales vary among intensive care units.

Objective
The aim of this study is to compare the reliability of 2 sedation scales—Ramsay Sedation Scale and Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale (RASS)—in the adult intensive care unit.

Method
Four hundred twenty-five patients were recruited in the study. Informed consent had been obtained from each patient guardian/relative. However, only 290 patients (68.24%) completed the study and were independently assessed for sedation effect by investigator and bedside nurses simultaneously using Ramsay scale and RASS.

Results
Agreement between the nurse and investigator scores on Ramsay scale (weighted κ = 0.449, P < .001) indicated weak level of agreement. Agreement between the nurse and investigator on RASS (weighted κ = 0.879, P < .001) indicated a strong level of agreement. Cronbach α analysis showed that 10 items of RASS had an excellent level of internal consistency (α = .989) compared with good level of internal consistency of Ramsay scale (α = .828).

Discussion
Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale showed excellent interrater agreement compared with weak interrater agreement of Ramsay scale. The results also support that RASS has consistent agreement with clinical observation and practice among different observers. The results suggest that use of RASS is linked to a more reliable assessment of sedation levels in the intensive care unit.
Determinants of quality of life in patients with hemorrhagic stroke
Authors: Zhu Wei , Jiang Yan 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Identifying the determinants of health-related quality of life (HRQOL) improved assessment and decision-making in clinical practice. A few studies have focused on the determinants of HRQOL and their interrelationships in patients with hemorrhagic stroke. The aim of this study was to identify the factors contributing to HRQOL and exam their interrelationships.
A total of 202 patients with hemorrhagic stroke who were discharged from the neurological unit participated in this study. Stroke-specific quality of life was used to assess HRQOL. The Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety, the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression, the Scandinavian Stroke Scale and the Barthel Index were collected as potential predictors as well as social-demographic data. A path analysis was used to explore the potential interrelationships between various factors based on the International Classification of Functioning model.
The final model reasonably fitted the data. The activities of daily living, neurological function and anxiety had direct effects on quality of life. Age, comorbidities, hemorrhage type, financial status, anxiety, and neurological function also had indirect influences on quality of life. All these factors explained 82.0% of all variance in quality of life.
HRQOL in patients with stroke can be predicted by anxiety, neurological function, activities of daily living and other personal and environmental factors. These identified predictors and their interrelationships may assist clinical professions focusing their assessments and developing strategies for modifiable factors to improve HRQOL.
Impact of educational levels on survival rate
Authors: Cho Seong-Sik , Ju Young-Su , Park Hanwool , Kim Young-Kug , Hwang Shin , Choi Seong-Soo 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Among living donor liver transplantation recipients, the impact of educational levels on survival has rarely explored. Thus, the purpose of study is to analyze the survival rate differences across educational levels among recipients who underwent living donor liver transplantation.
We retrospectively analyzed 2007 adult recipients who underwent living donor liver transplantation in a single large center. The educational level was divided into three categories: middle school or lower, high school, and college or higher. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality after living donor liver transplantation. Stratified log-rank test and Cox proportional hazard model were employed for statistical analysis.
The incidence rates of all-cause mortality were 23.85, 20.19, and 18.75 per 1000 person-year in recipients with middle school or lower, high school, and college or higher education groups, respectively. However, the gender-stratified log-rank test has not shown a statistically significant difference (P = .3107). In the unadjusted model, hazard ratio (HR) was 1.02 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.79–1.33] in high school and 1.23 (95% CI = 0.93–1.64) and in middle school or lower educational level, respectively; In the full adjusted model, the HR of high school was 0.98 (95% CI = 0.75–1.28) and the HR of middle school or lower was 1.01 (95% CI = 0.74–1.37).
Although study population of this study is large, we could not find significant survival rate differences by the levels of education. Social selection and high compliance rate might contribute to this result.
FKBP51 is associated with early postoperative cognitive dysfunction in elderly patients undergoing hip fracture surgery
Authors: Wang Li-Wei , Zhu Mei-Jun , Li Yan , Wang Sheng-Tao , Zhou Mei-Yan , Yu You-Jia , Ma Zheng-Liang 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Enhanced inflammation response was increasingly reported in association with postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD). Glucocorticoid receptor (GR) signal plays a key role in suppression of inflammation. This prospective cohort study aimed to evaluate GR signaling in elderly patients undergoing selective operation.
One hundred twenty-six elderly patients were scheduled for hip fracture surgery with general anesthesia. Plasma cortisol levels and the expression levels of GR and FK506 binding protein 51 (FKBP51) in leukocytes were determined at 1 day preoperatively and 7 days. Postoperatively postoperative pain was assessed following surgery using visual analog pain scale (VAS). Neuropsychological tests were performed before surgery and 1 week postoperation. A decline of 1 or more standard deviations in 2 or more tests was considered to reflect POCD.
POCD incidence in participants was 28.3% at 1 week after surgery. POCD patients presented significantly higher cortisol and FKBP51 levels compared with non-POCD patients (P < .05). Compared with non-POCD patients, VAS scores at 12 hours after surgery were higher in POCD patients (P < .05). No significant difference in expression levels of GR was found between groups POCD and non-POCD patients.
High expression of FKBP51 in leukocytes and glucocorticoid resistance were associated with POCD in aged patients following hip fracture surgery.