bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of “Sukhi Hrudaya – heart health guide for women” on heart health awareness in a tertiary care setting of Manipal
Authors: Menezes Henita Joshna , Padmakumar Ramachandran , Kotebagilu Namratha Pai , Garg Meenakshi , Kamath Asha , D’Souza Sonia R.B 
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND:
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a major global burden, particularly in low- and middle-income countries, leading to higher rates of chronic CVDs and increased risks of morbidity and mortality. Offering women a comprehensive Information, Education, and Communication health guide can significantly help combat CVDs by enhancing their awareness regarding heart health. Our aim was to determine the effectiveness of “Sukhi Hrudaya – heart health guide for women” on awareness regarding heart health.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
A quasi-experimental study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of a “Sukhi Hrudaya – heart health guide for women” on awareness by using a nonprobability purposive sampling technique. Data were collected from 70 women (>18 years) who visited the cardiology outpatient department of a tertiary care setting in Manipal. Women in the experimental arm received a “Sukhi Hrudaya – heart health guide for women”. Post-test was performed after a week. The data were analyzed using Statistical Package of Social Sciences software version 25.0, employing both descriptive and inferential statistics.

RESULTS:
The effectiveness was assessed 7 days post-test with an independent samples t-test, which revealed that there were significant differences in the awareness regarding heart health (t(68) = 4.572, P < 0.01) between the experimental and control arms. The mean awareness regarding heart health of the experimental arm (M = 17.29, standard deviation [SD] =3.923) was higher than in the control arm (M = 13.11, SD = 3.708). After assuming equal variances, the mean difference was 4.171 (confidence interval: 5.992–2.351) at 0.05 level of significance.

CONCLUSION:
The positive outcomes suggest the potential integration of such interventions into broader health policies, emphasizing the need for gender-specific strategies to enhance cardiovascular health among women.
Effect of Cawthorne and Cooksey exercise on balance control and fall risk among middle-aged population: A single group pre-post experimental study
Authors: Keerthana R. , Mariarathinam Premkumar , Vellaisamy Jeyaganesh , Gopal S. Radhika 
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND:
Balance impairment is one of the causes of the risk of falls among all age groups and is a continuing threat to morbidity and mortality across the world. Previous studies stated that the vestibular system is affected in middle-aged population, which leads to imbalance and a high risk of falls. There is a lack of research in this account so this study has been done to find the effect of Cawthorne and Cooksey exercise in vestibular rehabilitation on balance control and the risk of falls among middle-age population.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
According to the criteria of selection 30 subjects were recruited for this study. Baseline demographic measurements were recorded. Timed up and go (TUG) test time, Sway analysis using a force plate, and Morse fall scale measures were used as outcomes. Cawthorne and Cooksey exercise was given for 8 weeks 3 sessions per week. Pre and post-intervention outcome measures with 3-month follow-up were recorded for data analysis.

RESULTS:
The mean age of participants was 49.55 ± 5.67 years. The paired sample t-test showed mean values of TUG 1.86 ± 1.03, COPx 1.17 ± 1.50, COPy 1.78 ± 1.78, MFS 8.75 ± 12.23 with P value of 0.00 (P < 0.05) for all measures. The repeated measures ANOVA showed 3-month follow-up results for TUG P ≤ 0.00, COPx P ≤ 0.01, COPy P ≤ 0.00, and MFS P ≤ 0.00.

CONCLUSION:
There is a statistically significant effect of Cawthorne and Cooksey exercise on balance control and fall risk among middle-aged population of 40–60 years.
A positive psychotherapy group intervention to increase distress tolerance and reduce feelings of entrapment in patients with multiple sclerosis
Authors: Jamalooei Yaghoob Harooni , Esmaeili Maryam , Abedi Ahmad , Najafi Mohammad R. 
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND:
Multiple sclerosis is a central neurogenic demyelinating disease. This is one of the most common neurological diseases in humans and is the most debilitating at a young age. Symptoms of multiple sclerosis include vision problems, balance problems, dizziness, sensory disturbances, chronic neuropathy, and fatigue.

MATERIAL AND METHODS:
A quasi-experimental study with pretest, posttest, and one-month follow-up design was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of positive psychotherapy on distress tolerance and feelings of entrapment in 30 patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Patients were conveniently sampled in 2021 and randomly assigned to either an experimental or control group, with 15 patients in each. The experimental group underwent eight sessions of 90-min positive psychotherapy over consecutive weeks, while the control received no therapy. Both groups completed the Simons and Gaher Distress Tolerance Questionnaire (DTS) and feeling entrapment questionnaire before and after the intervention period as pre- and posttests. Repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed on the collected data using SPSS 22 software to compare changes between the groups over time and assess the impact of the psychotherapy.

RESULTS:
Repeated measures ANOVA results showed that positive psychotherapy had a significant effect in increasing distress tolerance (Sig = 0/001 and F = 545/434) and reducing feelings of entrapment (Sig = 0/001 and F = 275/05).

CONCLUSION:
Positive psychotherapy increases distress tolerance and reduces the feelings of entrapment in MS patients. It is therefore suggested that interventions based on positive psychological points should be done in different centers. The context should be repeated and include larger and more ethnically and socioeconomically diverse examples.
Evaluation of the analgesic efficacy of a low dose of intrathecal morphine in laparoscopic abdominal surgery: A randomised control trial
Authors: Kumar Lakshmi , Anantharaman Ramya , Thomas Dimple Elina , Nair Anjaly S. , Kartha Anandajith P. , Kumar Karthik 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Intrathecal opioid is an analgesic option in laparoscopic surgery. We assessed primarily the intraoperative opioid requirement amongst patients receiving intrathecal morphine (ITM) (Group M) versus standard care (Group C) for abdominal surgery. The secondary outcomes were intraoperative haemodynamic changes, extubation on table and pain scores in the intensive care unit (ICU) at 6th hourly intervals for 24 h postoperatively.

Patients and Methods:
Patients undergoing laparoscopic abdominal surgery were randomised into Group M (n = 30) that received ITM at 2 μg/kg while Group C (n = 30) was control. A rise in mean arterial pressure > 20% from baseline was treated sequentially with 0.3 mg /kg propofol and 0.5 μg/kg fentanyl intravenously (IV). Pain management in the ICU included paracetamol 1G IV 8th hourly for all patients, while nefopam 20 mg and fentanyl 0.5 μg/kg IV were the second and third tiers of pain management.

Results:
Intraoperatively, 10 patients in Group M versus 26 in Group C needed additional fentanyl (P < 0.001) and 15 versus 26 patients needed additional propofol (P = 0.0024). Pain scores were superior in Group M at all time points in the ICU and at ambulation and during incentive spirometry. Thirteen patients in Group C versus 3 in Group M needed nefopam at the time of shifting to the ICU (P = 0.004) and 10 patients versus 1 at 8 h in the ICU (P = 0.003) while pain management at 16 h and 24 h was comparable.

Conclusion:
Pre-operative ITM at 2 μg/kg reduces intraoperative opioid requirement and improves analgesia 24 h postoperatively amongst patients undergoing major laparoscopic abdominal surgery without delay in extubation or changes in haemodynamics.
Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery in pancreaticopleural fistula: A case report
Authors: Thombare Amit Anil , Bakhshi Girish Davinder , Boricha Sumit , Hande Manish Sunil , Kishore Ram 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Pancreatico-pleural fistula (PPF) is sequelae of pancreatitis. It is more commonly seen in alcoholic pancreatitis with abdominal symptoms and signs. PPF presenting with respiratory symptoms and signs in the absence of abdominal signs is rare. Moreover, trivial trauma which went unrecognised in a 14-year-old child for 3 months resulting in PPF has not been reported in the literature. This chronic PPF results in the formation of adhesions between the lung and pleura. These adhesions result in the incomplete expansion of the lungs even after thoracocentesis. The present case highlights the significance of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery in such cases with a review of diagnostic and management guidelines.
Laparoscopic common bile duct exploration and retrieval of endoscopic lithotripsy basket after mechanical failure
Authors: Nip Lawrence , Lynch Mark , Philipose Zinu , Ceraldi Serena 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Impaction of a mechanical lithotripsy basket during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography is a rare but serious complication resulting from technical failure. We describe a novel case of lithotripsy basket retrieval aided by laser fragmentation. This 87-year-old male underwent an emergency laparoscopic subtotal cholecystectomy, common bile duct (CBD) exploration and laser lithotripsy after attempts at endoscopic mechanical lithotripsy caused a stone-basket complex to become impacted within the CBD. In the absence of endoscopic salvage techniques, laparoscopic CBD exploration is a valid and safe option where surgical expertise permits.
Middle-grade led Expedited Gall bladder lists: Is it safe and feasible?
Authors: Chhabra Raunaq Sundeep , Ali Hasan , Ullah Faizan , Lorenzi Bruno , George Amal 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Gallstone-related acute admissions account for a significant percentage of acute general surgery admissions. Providing a dedicated expedited gall bladder list service to deal with these cases appears to be not only clinically effective but also cost-effective. There are various logistical reasons why hospitals are unable to provide such dedicated lists, inadequate surgical staff being one of them. We initiated a middle-grade-led expedited gall bladder list with indirect consultant oversight at our hospital as a consultant-led list was not feasible. This study evaluates the safety and efficacy of this service post-implementation.

Patients and Methods:
A retrospective analysis was conducted on prospectively collected data from February 2022 to September 2023. Patients were triaged using a dedicated questionnaire and operated on within 2–8 weeks of admission. The outcomes measured included complications, readmissions and the need for consultant opinion and assistance.

Results:
Amongst 101 patients, the mean age was 50.59 ± 15.25 years, with a majority being female and having an American Society of Anaesthesiologists grade of 2. Consultant assistance was required in 14 cases, with 9 requiring active participation. Complications were comparable to national averages, with four cases of bile leaks and one small bowel injury. Six readmissions were recorded for various postoperative issues.

Conclusion:
The middle-grade led expedited gall bladder service demonstrated a safe and effective alternative to consultant-led lists, offering a pragmatic approach to addressing surgical demands within the constraints of staff and facility limitations.
Effect of scrotal support application on seroma formation following minimal access surgery for inguinal hernia: A randomised controlled trial
Authors: Meena Satya Prakash , Badkur Mayank , Lodha Mahendra , Rodha Mahaveer Singh , Chaudhary Ramkaran , Sharma Naveen , Banerjee Niladri , Shetty Spoorthi D. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background:
The incidence of seroma formation is high following laparoscopic surgery for an inguinal hernia. Literature has shown many intraoperative techniques to reduce post-operative seroma formation. The hypothesis was made that scrotal support may reduce seroma formation following laparoscopic or robotic hernia surgery. This study aimed to compare the post-operative outcome of uncomplicated inguinal hernia patients with or without scrotal support application.

Patients and Methods:
A randomised controlled trial was conducted on 266 male patients with inguinal hernias. A block randomisation was done, and accordingly, a scrotal support was applied after mobilisation of study patients following laparoscopic or robotic surgery. After discharge, all patients were followed up for 30 days and their outcomes were compared.

Results:
Post-operative numbness after hernia surgery was significantly reduced with the application of scrotal support (P = 0.03). However, there were no significant differences in the early post-operative period for seroma formation, scrotal oedema, scrotal haematoma, surgical site infections, epididymo-orchitis or groin pain between the groups.

Conclusion:
A scrotal support application is not effective at reducing the formation of seroma after laparoscopic or robotic inguinal hernia repairs. Early post-operative groin numbness may be reduced by including scrotal support in post-operative care protocols.
Comparison of modified tumescent and conventional laparoscopic transabdominal pre-peritoneal repair in the patients of inguinal hernia: A randomised control trial
Authors: Sharma Kanika , Koul Avinash , Puri Gopal , Rathore Yashvant Singh , Chrungoo Rajinder Kumar 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Inguinal hernia surgery, a common procedure worldwide, continues to develop to achieve minimal access and tension-free repairs. However, a universally accepted technique has yet to be developed. Our study introduces a new approach, a modified tumescent transabdominal pre-peritoneal (TAPP), to a low-cost setting. We then compare its safety and efficacy with the conventional TAPP, providing a new perspective on hernia repair methods.

Patients and Methods:
The study was conducted between April 2016 and September 2017 at the department of surgery in a medical college in Jammu. Sixty patients were randomly assigned to either the conventional TAPP group or the tumescent TAPP group using computer-generated randomisation. In the tumescent group, we carefully administered a tumescent solution into the pre-peritoneal space after creating pneumoperitoneum and then compared the effectiveness and safety of the two procedures.

Results:
Our study revealed significant differences in various aspects between the two groups. In the conventional group, 16.7% of patients experienced challenging peritoneal flap dissection, while none in the tumescent group faced this issue. In addition, none of the patients in the tumescent group had an intraoperative haemorrhage. The conventional group had a mean operating time of 100.4 ± 11.21 min. On the other hand, the tumescent group had a significantly shorter mean operating time of 84 ± 13.47 min. The complication rates were 16.7% in the tumescent group and 30% in the conventional group. After the surgery, 13.3% of patients in the conventional group reported persistent pain, compared to only one patient in the tumescent group, which was statistically significant.

Conclusion:
Our study demonstrates that tumescent TAPP can overcome the challenges of conventional TAPP surgery, offering practical benefits such as reduced bleeding, easier dissection, decreased post-operative pain and shorter operating time. Administering tumescent solution before TAPP repair of inguinal hernia provides technical and clinical advantages, suggesting the potential for shorter surgeries and a quicker learning curve.
The Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, and Anti-angiogenic Effects of Fucoxanthin on Corneal Structural and Biochemical Changes of Streptozotocin-induced Diabetes in Rats
Authors: El-Beltagi Eman M. , Kandeel Samah , Mohammed Sherine Ahmed 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background:
Diabetes mellitus is a worldwide disease with different endocrine and metabolic disorders due to hyperglycemia. Diabetic corneal complications affect more than 70% of diabetics. Fucoxanthin (FX) is a carotenoid that possesses antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-angiogenic, and anti-diabetic effects.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 35 Wistar rats weighted 140–160 g of 12–14 weeks were divided into control; streptozotocin (STZ): rats received a single dose (50 mg/kg) of STZ intraperitoneally; STZ + FX low dose; STZ + FX intermediate dose; and STZ + FX high dose: diabetic rats treated with FX 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg, respectively, orally by an intragastric tube daily for 3 weeks. Then, blood and eye samples were managed for biochemical, histological, and immunohistochemical evaluations.

Results:
The STZ group revealed an increase in blood glucose level, plasma glycosylated hemoglobin A1c% significantly, and serum total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein, malondialdehyde tissue levels, significantly reduced serum high-density lipoprotein, tissue superoxide dismutase, and reduced glutathione levels. In addition, severe corneal injury is seen by hematoxylin & eosin with deeply stained epithelial cell nuclei, and cytoplasm vacuolation, besides Bowman’s membrane irregularities. Additionally, stromal widely separated collagen fibers, mononuclear cellular infiltrations, stromal vascularization, and swollen endothelial cells were seen. In addition, marked thickening of Bowman’s and Descemet’s membranes was demonstrated by periodic acid Schiff. In addition, E-cadherin diffuse cytoplasmic reaction, significantly increased immunohistochemical expression and optical density of interleukin-1β, metalloproteinase-3, and vascular endothelial growth factor, whereas significantly reduced the optical density of epidermal growth factor. The STZ-treated groups with different doses of FX showed dose-dependent improvement of the previously documented findings.

Conclusion:
FX ameliorates STZ-induced corneal changes in a dose-dependent manner in rats through its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-angiogenic, and anti-diabetic actions.
Immunohistochemical Expression of SOX 2 in Oral Epithelial Dysplasia and Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Fathima S. Deenul , Rao Gururaj Narayana , Mahalakshmi V. , Alagu Vennila A. , Keerthik Lawanya M. K. , Mano Doss A. Daffney 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background:
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most prevalent malignancy of the oral cavity. Premalignant lesions frequently precede OSCC. Over the last three decades, the overall survival rate after 5 years of the patients remains unchanged. Early detection is best in preventing malignant transformation. Sex-determining region Y-box 2 (SOX 2) is an embryonic transcription factor that is, crucial for sustaining the pluripotency of stem cells and also promotes the maintenance of squamous epithelium.

Aim:
This study aimed to estimate the immunohistochemical expression levels of SOX 2 in normal mucosa (NOM), oral epithelial dysplasia (OED), and OSCC, to compare and correlate those three groups and also to assess the prognostic value in OSCC.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 70 cases of paraffin tissue blocks were obtained from the archives of our department, which were previously diagnosed as OED, OSCC, and NOM. Selected cases were screened immunohistochemically for SOX 2 expression.

Statistical Analysis Used:
Dunn’s test was utilized to find out the association among the categorical variables. Kruskal–Wallis test was to compare the continuous parameters between three groups.

Results:
SOX 2 expressions were found to be 80% positive in the OED group, 65% in the OSCC group, and negative in the NOM group.

Conclusion:
SOX 2 expression acts as a biomarker for oral cancer risk assessment. Higher SOX 2 expression in well-differentiated cases compared with poorly differentiated, which might indicate decreased lymph node metastasis and improved prognosis. As a result, SOX 2 expression might play an important role in the pathogenesis of OSCC.
Effect of the Anti-inflammatory and Antioxidant Effects of Salvia miltiorrhiza On Diabetic Nephropathy in Induced Diabetic Rats
Authors: Atta Ihab Shafek , Elnady Mohamed R. , Alghamdi Ali G. , Alghamdi Ahmed Hassan , Aboulata Alaa A. , Elshennawy Ahmed T. M. , Abdel-hamid Mostafa , Alzahrani R. , Shatla Ibrahim M. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy, a severe consequence of diabetes, can culminate in chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal failure. Controlling blood glucose levels, reducing inflammation, and managing oxidative stress are important strategies for preventing, delaying, and managing diabetic nephropathy. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of Salvia miltiorrhiza extract (SME) in ameliorating renal complications within the context of experimental diabetes-induced by streptozotocin (STZ) administration in rats. The study included 40 out of 50 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats, randomly divided into four groups (n = 10): Group I: the control group administered distilled water orally; Group II: SME group received for 4 weeks oral intake of SME (100 mg/kg) per day; Group III: The STZ group was administered one dose of STZ injected intraperitoneally at a dose of 60 mg/kg; and Group IV: STZ + SME group received single STZ injection followed by SME administration for 4 weeks. Diabetic rats demonstrated significantly elevated blood glucose concentrations compared to the control, partially mitigated by treatment with S. miltiorrhiza extract (SME). STZ-induced diabetic rats showed increased kidney tissue cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukins (IL)-1β, and IL-6, which were decreased with SME treatment. Furthermore, STZ-induced diabetic rats displayed a significant elevation of malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and a decrease in the actions of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH) within the kidney tissue, indicative of oxidative stress. Treatment with SME decreased MDA and elevated GSH and SOD levels in diabetic rats. SME was found to reduce caspase-3 activity in diabetic rat kidneys, indicating a potential role in preventing kidney cell death. Finally, SME treatment also reduced blood urea nitrogen and creatinine levels, suggesting improved kidney function. In conclusion, SME has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-apoptotic properties that show therapeutic potential for diabetic nephropathy prevention and treatment.