bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bmpr1aa modulates the severity of the skeletal phenotype in an fkbp10-deficient Bruck syndrome zebrafish model
Authors: Jarayseh Tamara , Debaenst Sophie , De Saffel Hanna , Rosseel Toon , Milazzo Mauro , Bek Jan Willem , Hudson David M , Van Nieuwerburgh Filip , Gansemans Yannick , Josipovic Iván , Boone Matthieu N , Witten P Eckhard , Willaert Andy , Coucke Paul J 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Rare monogenic disorders often exhibit significant phenotypic variability among individuals sharing identical genetic mutations. Bruck syndrome (BS), a prime example, is characterized by bone fragility and congenital contractures, although with a pronounced variability among family members. BS arises from recessive biallelic mutations in FKBP10 or PLOD2. FKBP65, the protein encoded by FKBP10, collaborates with the LH2 enzyme (PLOD2) in type I collagen telopeptide lysine hydroxylation, crucial for collagen cross-linking. To identify potential modifier genes and to investigate the mechanistic role of FKBP10 in BS pathogenesis, we established an fkbp10a knockout zebrafish model. Mass-spectrometry analysis in fkbp10a−/− mutants revealed a generally decreased type I collagen lysyl hydroxylation, paralleled by a wide skeletal variability similar to human patients. Ultrastructural examination of the skeleton in severely affected mutants showed enlarged type I collagen fibrils and disturbed elastin layers. Whole-exome sequencing of 7 mildly and 7 severely affected mutant zebrafish siblings, followed by single nucleotide polymorphism-based linkage analysis, indicated a linked region on chromosome 13, which segregates with phenotypic severity. Transcriptome analysis identified 6 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between mildly and severely affected mutants. The convergence of genes within the linked region and DEGs highlighted bmpr1aa as a potential modifier gene, as its reduced expression correlates with increased skeletal severity. In summary, our study provides deeper insights into the role of FKBP10 in BS pathogenesis. Additionally, we identified a pivotal gene that influences phenotypic severity in a zebrafish model of BS. These findings hold promise for novel treatments in the field of bone diseases.
The association of where patients with prostate cancer live and receive care on racial treatment inequities
Authors: Hammarlund Noah , Holt Sarah K , Etzioni Ruth , Morehead Danté , Lee Jenney R , Wolff Erika M , Burrola-Mendez Yohali , Sage Liz , Gore John L , Nyame Yaw A 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Black individuals are less likely to be treated for prostate cancer even though they are more than twice as likely to die compared with White individuals. The complex causes of these inequities are influenced by social and structural factors, including racism, which contribute to the differential delivery of care. This study investigates how factors related to the location of where individuals live and receive care affect treatment inequities for prostate cancer between Black and White individuals. We hypothesize that both location and race independently influence treatment inequities.

Methods
We used data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) cancer registry linked to Medicare claims to estimate the treatment inequity, as defined by differences in radiation or radical prostatectomy. Fixed effects at the physician, hospital, and patient ZIP code levels were incorporated to adjust for all time-invariant factors at these levels.

Results
The results indicate that residential location-related factors explain only half of the treatment inequity, whereas provider- and hospital-level factors do not significantly account for disparities. Even after accounting for all time-invariant factors, significant differences in treatment rates persist.

Conclusions
The study highlights the importance of understanding race as a social construct and racism as a systemic and structural phenomenon in addressing treatment inequities. These findings provide a necessary step toward understanding equitable care and designing interventions to solve this inequity.
Substrates-mediated microbes mitigate carbon loss in shrub peatlands
Authors: Xue Wenzhi , Ma Haikun , Deng Kaiwen , Qiu Penglei , Liu Jia , Xiang Meichun , Tian Jianqing , Liu Xingzhong 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Peatlands store one-third of the Earth’s carbon. Climate warming-induced peatlands vegetation shifted from Sphagnum to shrub, however, it is controversial whether this change leads to increased carbon losses. Through sequencing of the rhizosphere microbiome (vertically), measuring peat properties (vertically), a 35-day incubation experiment and a 35-day cross-inoculation experiment (only the upper layer), we investigated the ecosystem functions and the role of microbial communities and substrates in influencing the ecosystem functions of Sphagnum- and shrub-dominated peatlands in three locations in south China. The carbon dioxide emission from shrub-dominated peatlands was significantly lower than that from Sphagnum-dominated peatlands. The slow-growing fungi: Archaeorhizomyces, Hyphodiscus and Acidobacteria: Bryobacter, Occallatibacter were identified as keystone taxa in shrub-dominated peatlands, which mainly explained the effects of shrub microbial communities on carbon dioxide emission. The recalcitrant carbon content was the key substrate associated with carbon dioxide emission and the community composition of the plant rhizosphere microbiome. Furthermore, microbes fixed carbon in shrub-dominated peatlands was significantly higher than in Sphagnum-dominated peatlands, as the carbon dioxide emission reversed between Sphagnum- and shrub-dominated peatlands after soil sterilization. Overall, the relative abundance of keystone microbial taxa and nutrient levels decreased with peatland depth. Our study provided new evidence that climate change-induced peatland vegetation shift from Sphagnum to shrub leads to a higher accumulation of recalcitrant carbon, and does not deteriorate ecosystem functions. This study has implications for predicting the future influence of climate change on peatland ecosystems.
A case of pseudoaneurysm of the marginal artery of Drummond post-open abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) repair
Authors: Shahid Mehrqand , Alawattegama Lakna H , Latif Sherif A , Popplewell Matthew A , Garnham Andrew , Wall Michael L 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We present the first published account of a pseudoaneurysm of the Marginal artery of Drummond (MAoD) following an emergency open surgical repair of an inflammatory abdominal aortic aneurysm, in which the inferior mesenteric artery was ligated. This was hypothesized to be an iatrogenic injury secondary to retraction of the colonic mesentery during dissection of the aneurysm neck. The risk of pseudoaneurysm growth and rupture versus bowel ischaemia were evaluated in the post-operative phase. Ultimately, the patient underwent successful interventional embolization of the MAoD with no signs of bowel ischaemia post-intervention.
An improvement of pancreaticojejunostomy: double-row and six-suture method pancreaticojejunostomy for pancreaticoduodenectomy
Authors: Deng Hongyang , Xu Xiaodong 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
With the rapid development of pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) surgery, the incidence of postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) and surgical complications has been greatly reduced. The occurrence of POPF is closely related to the quality of the pancreatic reconstruction. Pancreaticojejunostomy (PJ) remains a significant technical challenge, and no PJ has yet been widely recognized. From January 2021 to December 2023, 72 patients underwent PD with double-row and six-suture PJ. The clinical characteristics and postoperative outcomes of these patients were analysed. The median operation time was 240 min (180–540 min). The median intraoperative blood loss was 200 ml (50–600 mL). The postoperative hospital stay was 11 days (8–27 days). Eleven patients (15.3%) had a biochemical fistula and five patients (6.9%) had a grade B POPF. No patient had a grade C POPF or died within 90 days after surgery. Double-row and six-suture PJ is a safe and acceptable PJ.
“Bridging The Gap” Medical Degree Preparatory Program (EMDP2) Military Students Provide Leadership and Mentorship to Classmates
Authors: Russo Christopher , Freedman Benjamin , Evans Andrew , Green Althea , Vietor Robert , Randall Virginia 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction
The lack of adequate diverse representation (racially, socioeconomically, gender, second career applicants, student parents, etc.) within secondary education in the United States has proven to be a challenging and complex, multifaceted problem, and despite ongoing efforts, one that continues to remain unsolved. These disparities are well known and documented at all levels of education. The Uniformed Services University of Health Sciences is the nation’s only fully federally funded medical school and capitalizes on the preexisting diversity and exceptional training already existing within the U.S. military’s enlisted force through the Enlisted to Medical Degree Preparatory Program (EMDP2). This study aims to investigate how a novel program at a unique military medical school influences medical school class cohorts.

Methods
This study used a traditional thematic qualitative analysis format. Thematic qualitative analysis is a method for identifying, analyzing, organizing, describing, and reporting themes found within survey responses. One hundred nine surveys via SurveyMonkey© were sent to EMDP2 students. Thirty-six surveys were returned for a response rate of 33%. Two co-investigators carefully read each participant response and coded independently line-by-line with constant comparison of each quote. NVivo© software was used to store the data as the counts progressed.

Results
After completion of data collection, results identified the following themes among survey responses being accepted, bridging the gap, feeling valued, gratitude, prior experiences, and professionalism.

Conclusions
Students with prior military experience have a significant impact on our institutions medical school classes. These students provide mentorship and professionalism to their fellow classmates. This study helps educators understand the perspectives and challenges faced by prior-service medical students and appreciate how to use the prior experience of these unique prior-service members to benefit the entire class.
Intramuscular heroin-induced severe rhabdomyolysis and acute kidney injury—a case report
Authors: Dimov Nikolay , Sultana Tahsin , Dafeeah Aishah , Choudhury Hafsa , Nikolov Dimitar 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Rhabdomyolysis (RM) is characterised by the breakdown of skeletal muscle tissue, releasing toxic intracellular components into circulation. It presents with dark urine, muscle weakness, myalgia, and elevated creatine phosphokinase levels (CPK). Drug-induced RM is aetiologically significant. This case report describes a 25-year-old male who developed severe RM and Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) after intramuscular (IM) heroin administration as a first time user. IM heroin use can induce higher CPK levels due to direct myocyte toxicity and mechanical trauma. The highly vascularised gluteal muscles with type 1 fibres at the injection site likely exacerbated the severity. Additional factors included lower mitochondrial density in males and alcohol exposure. Despite aggressive fluid resuscitation, renal replacement therapy (RRT) was required, and the patient responded well to haemodialysis. This case highlights AKI as a severe complication of IM heroin use, underscoring the need for further research into drug-induced RM.
National eHealth strategy frameworks in Africa: a comprehensive assessment using the WHO-ITU eHealth strategy toolkit and FAIR guidelines
Authors: Olufadewa Isaac Iyinoluwa , Iyiola Opeyemi Paul , Nnatus Joshua , Fatola Kehinde , Oladele Ruth , Olufadewa Toluwase , Adesina Miracle , Udofia Joseph 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Many African nations have developed national eHealth strategies to harness the benefits of digital health solutions. Our study assessed the current state of national eHealth strategies in Africa. A systematic search identified publicly available national eHealth strategy documents published from 2000 to 2023 in Africa. The documents were independently reviewed and scored using the eHealth National Strategy Rating Tool, developed using the WHO-ITU national eHealth strategy toolkit and the Findability, Accessibility, Interoperability and Reusability Guidelines. The eHealth National Strategy Rating Tool covered five domains: (i) eHealth national vision and strategy, (ii) implementation plan, (iii) monitoring and evaluation component, (iv) Findability, Accessibility, Interoperability and Reusability mention and (v) recency of policy development. The study followed a rigorous five-step methodological approach proposed by Arksey & O’Malley (2005). This study found the national eHealth strategies for 34 African countries, with only 16 updated to cover the year 2023 or beyond. Significant variability in the quality and comprehensiveness of national eHealth strategies was observed. Nine countries had ‘strong’, 17 had ‘moderate’, and eight had ‘weak’ eHealth strategies. Critical gaps were identified in the implementation plan, monitoring and evaluation, and the alignment of policies with the Findability, Accessibility, Interoperability and Reusability data principles. Addressing the gaps identified in the development and implementation of national eHealth strategies across Africa by aligning national strategies with global best practices will be crucial for African nations to harness the transformative potential of digital technologies and ensure equitable access to quality healthcare for their populations.
Celibacy and Marriage (Gen. 2)
Authors: Cameron Euan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Medieval and early modern exegetes read Genesis 2 for its understanding of the relationship between the male and female sexes, and the purpose of marriage. The formation of Eve from the rib of Adam was interpreted both literally and for its moral and spiritual meaning. Most major reformers wrote commentaries on Genesis. Their approach contrasted with that of Nicholas of Lyra (1270–1349). Lyra’s Postills stressed the biological role of the woman in bearing children. While Protestant reformers followed some of Lyra’s themes, certain distinctly Reformation emphases may be discerned. The text “it is not good for man to be alone” meant that marriage should be available to all. Woman’s role as “helper” was interpreted as one of moral, emotional and spiritual support, not just childbearing. Celibacy was condemned, and marriage was regarded as a companionship of near-equals, and interpreted spiritually, even mystically.
Papacy and Ecclesiastical Authority (Matt. 16:18–19; John 20:23; 21:17)
Authors: Avis Paul 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This chapter explores questions of ecclesiastical authority in the controversies of the Reformation era with special reference to the text of Matt. 16:18–19 (“You are Peter, and on this rock I will build my church”). The vexed question of the interpretation of Jesus’ words in Matthew, regarding the keys of the kingdom in the early church, the medieval period, and the Reformation era, is outlined. The discussion also impinges on questions of ecclesiastical jurisdiction, penance, excommunication, the marks of a true church, conciliar theory, and the reformers’ reactions to the claims of the papacy. Matters came to a head at the Council of Trent, where it was decreed that all clergy would have to make a profession of obedience to the Holy See. The chapter concludes by summarizing important changes in the theological context of this question since the Reformation.
Packaging “vegetable oils”: Insights into plant lipid droplet proteins
Authors: Cai Yingqi , Horn Patrick J 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Plant neutral lipids, also known as “vegetable oils”, are synthesized within the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane and packaged into subcellular compartments called lipid droplets (LDs) for stable storage in the cytoplasm. The biogenesis, modulation, and degradation of cytoplasmic LDs in plant cells are orchestrated by a variety of proteins localized to the ER, LDs, and peroxisomes. Recent studies of these LD-related proteins have greatly advanced our understanding of LDs not only as steady oil depots in seeds but also as dynamic cell organelles involved in numerous physiological processes in different tissues and developmental stages of plants. In the past 2 decades, technology advances in proteomics, transcriptomics, genome sequencing, cellular imaging and protein structural modeling have markedly expanded the inventory of LD-related proteins, provided unprecedented structural and functional insights into the protein machinery modulating LDs in plant cells, and shed new light on the functions of LDs in nonseed plant tissues as well as in unicellular algae. Here, we review critical advances in revealing new LD proteins in various plant tissues, point out structural and mechanistic insights into key proteins in LD biogenesis and dynamic modulation, and discuss future perspectives on bridging our knowledge gaps in plant LD biology.
Language in job advertisements and the reproduction of labor force gender and racial segregation
Authors: Hu Yang , Denier Nicole , Ding Lei , Tarafdar Monideepa , Konnikov Alla , Hughes Karen D , Hu Shenggang , Knowles Bran , Shi Enze , Al-Ani Jabir Alshehabi , Rets Irina , Kong Linglong , Yu Dengdeng , Dai Hongsheng , Jiang Bei 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Job advertisements (ads) represent the first point of contact between employers and job seekers. By signaling characteristics expected of an ideal candidate, job ads “gatekeep” the labor force and configure its composition. Meanwhile, labor force composition can also shape the wording of job ads. This study develops a multidimensional inventory of gender and EDI (equality, diversity, inclusion) language in job ads. Applying this inventory, it adopts an instrumental-variable approach to disentangle the reciprocal relationships between gender/EDI language in job ads and labor force gender/racial composition. Drawing on the analysis of 28.6 million job ads in the United Kingdom in combination with labor force statistics between 2018 and 2023, the findings reveal three distinct mechanisms through which the bidirectional interplay between language in job ads and labor force composition (re)produces or disrupts labor force gender/racial segregation. They highlight both the benefits and limitations of intervening in the language used in job ads to help reduce labor force gender/racial segregation.
Comparison of Ultrasound-Guided Lumbar Erector Spinae Plane Block and Trans-Muscular Quadratus Lumborum Block for Postoperative Analgesia in Hip and Proximal Femur Surgery
Authors: Abdallah EL-Sayed Abdallah Ibrahim , Tharwat Ayman Ibraheem , Ali Khaled Mostafa , El-Naggar Dalia Ibrahim Mohamed 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Orthopedic operations for hip and femur fractures can lead to significant postoperative pain. In these patients, different regional anaesthesia techniques play an important role in multimodal analgesia plans. Nonopioid analgesia techniques are especially important in aging populations when comorbidities are considered.

Aim of the Work
to evaluate the effectiveness of ultrasound-guided lumbar Erector Spinae Plane block versus Trans-muscular Quadratus Lumborum block for postoperative analgesia in hip and proximal femur surgery.

Patients and Methods
This study is a double-blind, Prospective, Randomized, Study. This study is conducted at Ain Shams University hospitals, Cairo, Egypt. The study period 6 months.

Results
The current study results revealed three distinct groups were examined: the L-ESB Group, QLB-T Group, and Control Group, each comprising 20 participants. The study aimed to compare the effects of two different interventions, namely L-ESB and QLB-T, against a Control Group. The evaluation was based on a range of parameters, and the outcome measures were assessed using both demographic and clinical variables. In terms of participants' ages, the mean ages and standard deviations were provided for each group. The calculated mean ages were 51.7 years for the L-ESB Group, 52.95 years for the QLB-T Group, and 52.28 years for the Control Group. The slight differences in mean ages, as indicated by a p-value of 0.790 and a similarity measure (§=0.237), suggest that the age distribution across these groups is statistically comparable. Consequently, potential impacts of age-related variations on observed outcomes are likely to be minimal.

Conclusion
The results demonstrated that the interventions exhibited statistically significant influences on various aspects of post-operative recovery, including pain perception, mean arterial blood pressure, heart rate, time to request analgesia, and medication dosages. Notably, the interventions showcased potential benefits in terms of improved pain management and reduced analgesic requirements. These findings underscore the importance of considering individualized interventions for optimal patient care in hip and proximal femur surgery, while acknowledging the potential impact of confounding factors and the need for further studies to establish precise dosage and concentration protocols for local anesthesia.
A Comparative Study between Ultrasound Guided Fascia Iliaca Block and Femoral Nerve Block for Postoperative Analgesia in Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Latif Eskander Fahmy Saad , Samir Elsaeid Ghada Mohamed , Mohamed Abdelmageed Ahmed Mostafa , Abd Elnaby Ahlam Montaser 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) are common surgical procedures for treatment of the degenerative disorders and traumatic diseases. However, a majority of patients often experience moderate to severe postoperative pain after TKA. Postoperative pain control has a significant impact on earlier ambulation, initiation of physiotherapy, and better functional recovery. In addition, effective pain control would lower the length of hospital stay and the risk of thrombotic events which improves patients’ satisfaction.

Aim of the Work
The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of FICB compared with FNB in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty.

Patients and Methods
74 patients were included in the study, and were divided into two groups. In FICB group: Patients (n = 37) of this group received ultrasound guided Fascia iliaca compartment block (FICB) after spinal anesthesia using 30-40 ml of 0.25% bupivacaine. While in FNB group: Patients (n = 37) of this group received ultrasound guided femoral nerve block (FNB) after spinal anesthesia using 15-20 ml of 0.25% bupivacaine.

Results
The present study showed that the Fascia iliaca compartment block (FICB) was more efficient than FNB regarding first request analgesic, total pethidine consumption, time of ambulation and kinetic visual Analogue scale. But no significant difference was detected in static Visual Analogue scale and Bromage score. The FNB group had higher kinetic pain scores and were the first to ask for rescue analgesia; therefore, they had highest total pethidine consumption in the first 24 hours postoperatively and needed more time to start to ambulate in comparison to patients of FICB group. But the FNB group have almost same values regarding pain measured by static visual analogue scale. And also, FNB group had close values regarding Bromage score in comparison to FICB group.

Conclusion
Fascia iliaca compartment block is more effective than FNB, for pain relief during the early post- operative period after total knee arthroplasty. Meanwhile, it can reduce the cumulative meperidine consumption.