bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chemical Profiling, In-Silico Investigation and In Vivo Toxicity Assessment of Lacatomtom (A Psychoactive Mixture) on Selected Indices in Albino Wistar Rats
Authors: Titus Emmanuel Friday , Gyebi Gideon Ampma , Samuel Akor Eneojo , Isaac Emeje Paul , Gideon Ayeni , Micheal Pepple Nne , Junaidu Yahaya , Samson Oka , Akogwu Omada Adams , Obaje Gideon 
Published: November 2024

Introduction/Objective:
The use of lacatomtom (LTT), a psychoactive mixture of
tomtom (TT) candies with lacasera (LC) beverage, has recently increased among young Nigerians
and Africans. There isn't much scientific study on the constituent and effects of this psychoactive
substance.

Methods:
Herein, LTT was chemically-profiled using GCMS analysis, and the toxicological effects
were examined in albino rats. In vivo experiment consists of five groups of six rats each (group 2 -
LTT ad libitum; groups 1, 3, & 4 - TTT, TT, LC (1 mL) mg/mL kg/body weight once/day respectively,
group 5 - distilled water ad libitum). Identified constituents were examined against human monoamine
oxidase (hMOA) and human catechol O-methyltransferase (hCOMT) using in silico methods.

Results:
Forty-seven chemical compounds were identified. Ad libitum intake of LTT elevated plasma
alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, creatinine, total cholesterol,
and LDL-cholesterol levels. The docked poses, binding scores, and interactions with amino
acids informed the selection of (4-Methoxymethoxy-hex-5-ynylidene)-cyclohexane (MM) (-9.4
kcal/mol) and 3-(hydroxyphenylmethyl)-3,4-dimethyl-1-phenylpentan-2-one (HP) for hCOMT (-
9.4 kcal/mol), while propionylcodeine (-10.1 kcal/mol) and HP (-8.9 kcal/mol) for hMOA. Topdocked
compounds (TDC) demonstrated the potential to permeate the blood-brain barrier. TDC was
predicted to be a positive substrate of the P-glycoprotein and presents inhibitory potential for cytochrome
P450 descriptors. HP was mutagenic and could induce human hepatotoxicity and druginduced
liver injury, while propionylcodeine had a human hepatotoxic prediction.

Conclusion:
The present study, for the first time, confirmed the potential toxicity of lacatomtom to
the liver, kidney, heart, and central nervous system supported by the identified top-docked compounds
regarded as potential psychoactive constituents of hMOA and hCOMT.
Functionality of Semolina Pasta Supplemented with Grapefruit Flavedo Byproduct: Effect on Phytochemical, Functional, Textural, Cooking, and Sensorial Quality
Authors: Chaudhary Sahil , Singh Barinderjit , Chahal Tanjeet Singh , Srivastava Yashi 
Published: November 2024

Background:
Pasta is consumed worldwide and can be an excellent food matrix for supplementation. Grapefruit (Citrus paradisi) flavedo byproduct is reported to contain considerable amounts of bioactive compounds, which represent a valuable and sustainable source of phenolics. So far, there is limited information available about the utilization of grapefruit flavedo byproducts for supplementation of pasta.

Methods:
The present study aimed to investigate the effect of freeze-dried grapefruit flavedo powder (GFP) incorporation at various concentrations (3, 6, 9, and 12%) on the phytochem-ical, functional, textural, microstructural, and sensory quality of the developed pasta.

Results:
Fortification with GFP significantly (P<0.05) enhanced antioxidant activities rela-tive to DPPH and FRAP and increased the total phenolic and flavonoid content from 73.20–96.83 mg GAE/100g and 132.41–211.63 mg GAE/100g, respectively. Supplementation with GFP significantly (P<0.05) reduced the optimum cooking time of pasta, while cooking loss increased up to 6.32% with 12% GFP incorporation, which was still under the acceptable limits (<8%). The addition of GFP decreased the L* value, while the a* and b* values in-creased for the pasta. SEM analysis presented that GFP incorporation in pasta affected the structural integrity attributable to the enhanced fiber levels, inducing a weaker matrix, as ascertained by textural profile analysis (TPA) with a decline in hardness attribute with in-creasing GFP concentration. Sensory analysis divulged overall acceptability scores of 8.4 for the pasta with 6% GFP, while further increments in GFP levels led to decreased sensory scores.

Conclusion:
Grapefruit peels are typically discarded as waste, the outer layer of which, i.e., flavedo, could be used to enrich pasta. The present research divulged that pasta supplemen-tation with freeze-dried flavedo powder could provide total phenolic content, flavonoid con-tent, and antioxidant potential without compromising on the technological and sensory qual-ity of pasta. Utilization of this citrus waste as a bioactive food ingredient with promising effects represents a valuable byproduct valorization strategy.
Effect of the heat treatment on the physicochemical characteristics of rubberwood: Results of thermal analysis and FTIR spectroscopy
Authors: Shapchenkova Olga , Loskutov Sergei , Aniskina Antonina , Srivaro Suthon , Börcsök Zoltán , Pásztory Zoltán 
Published: November 2024

Heat treatment is an environmentally friendly method used to improve properties of rubberwood. In this work, the changes in the chemical composition, thermal behavior and thermal degradation kinetics of heat-treated Hevea brasiliensis (rubber tree) were evaluated using thermogravimetry, differential scanning calorimetry, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The rubberwood samples were exposed to temperatures of 180 °C and 220 °C in air under atmospheric pressure for durations of 15 25 and 35 h. Thermal analysis revealed degradation of hemicelluloses, an increase in the relative proportions of cellulose and lignin in heat-treated rubberwood. The thermal decomposition of rubberwood heat-treated at 220 °C started at a higher temperature compared to untreated wood. A shift in the position of peaks on differential thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry curves of heat-treated samples was observed, indicating changes in the structure of wood polymers. The temperature of heat treatment had a stronger effect on the chemical composition of rubberwood than duration. Significant changes in the chemical composition of rubberwood occurred after the treatment duration of 15 h at both 180 °C and 220 °C. The duration of 25 h and 35 h had no further substantial effect. The isoconversional method of Flynn-Wall-Ozawa was used to determine the kinetics of thermal degradation of untreated and heat-treated rubberwood. It is found that the average values of activation energy in the conversion degree range of 0,05 - 0,65 (the thermal degradation of polysaccharides) increased with increasing treatment temperature and duration. Fourier transform infrared spectra demonstrated alterations in wood polymers.
Music in literacy practices at a rural school in the Amazon
Authors:   Federal University of Amazonas, Brazil, Maria das Graças Soares , Aline Dos Santos Souza ,   Federal University of Amazonas, Brazil, Gladis Falavigna ,   Federal University of Amazonas, Brazil
Published: November 2024

This research with a qualitative approach aims to analyze the contribution of musical language in literacy practices in a rural school in the municipality of Barreirinha-AM/Brazil. The field research was carried out in a public school located in the Terra Preta do Limão District, in the municipality of Barreirinha – AM, and data collection took place in two classes in the early years of Elementary School (literacy cycle) through participant observation and conversation wheel with educators. The results of the study reveal that music is a textual genre of the artistic-literary field, which has the most diverse meanings in cultural manifestations, that is why this language in the literacy/literacy processes of the rural school is essential, because it gives the literacy students an interest, concentration, perception, communication, memory activation, as the sound, rhythm, melody, harmony and lyrics of songs are important aspects for the cognitive, motor and linguistic development of students, it also contributes to valuing and articulating knowledge locations, socio-cultural experiences and social interaction of children in the countryside. The diversity of textual genres is essential in literacy processes, and it is considered necessary to elucidate the textual genre “music” in literacy practices in reading, interpretation, development of phonological and writing awareness.
Educational product for the training of English teachers in basic education in Brazil
Authors:   University States of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, Kelly Rodrigues Gularte da Silva , Sant’Anna Sita Mara Cristina Lopes ,   University States of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
Published: November 2024

This article aims to present the educational product entitled “Paths that widen: training e-book for English teachers in Basic Education”, developed in 2022, as an educational product of the Professional Master’s Degree in Education completed at the State University of Rio Grande do Sul (Uergs), with the Postgraduate Program in Education (PPGED), North Coast unit. The product is available in the Uergs repository and is the most accessed. It was created using a free graphic design platform. The methodology used includes a theoretical and reflective review of the dissertation “Processos identitários de ser professor de inglês na Educação Básica, em Triunfo, no Rio Grande do Sul” (Identity processes of being an English teacher in Basic Education, in Triunfo, Rio Grande do Sul) on the process of teaching English in Brazil, which focuses on the few public educational policies for continuing training for English teachers. As a result, the e-book is an important and necessary formative indication for undergraduate students, English teachers in basic education and the school community, as it contains a series of indications and access to different theoretical and recreational materials, such as videos, links, podcasts, among others of interest to the continuing education of English teachers in Brazil, with the aim of helping to draw up effective public policies for continuing training in English teaching, in any region of the country, so that teachers/graduates in English or related areas of Literature can think about themselves, their marks, memories and their educational practices, as well as establishing relationships about the limits of the references they carry and the methodologies they reproduce, relating them to other possible methodological paths.
AI as a reflective coach in graduate ESL practicum: activity theory insights into student-teacher development
Authors: L’Enfant Julian 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This study examines the role of artificial intelligence (AI) as a reflective coach in graduate ESL practicums, using Activity Theory to assess its impact on student-teachers’ (STs) reflective practices. An exploratory case study of 26 graduate ESL STs was conducted, with data from AI interactions and post-reflection questionnaires analysed qualitatively. Findings indicate that AI enhances STs’ reflection, providing a structured, data-driven method for pedagogical development and personalised anytime feedback, thereby addressing feedback challenges in ESL teaching practicum courses. Despite limitations like diverse ST backgrounds and practicum environments, findings suggest AI’s promise for transformative learning experiences. The study concludes that AI, as a reflective tool in ESL practicums, warrants further research into its impact on teacher development and adaptability in various teaching contexts.
Productivity of grafted papaya growing under open environment in the Mexican pacific
Authors: Álvarez-Hernández Juan Carlos , Castellanos-Ramos Javier Zaragoza , Aguirre-Mancilla Cesar Leobardo 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT
The phytosanitary problems and the complex floral biology influence the fruit quality and productivity of papaya. Use of grafting mitigates adverse aspects, becoming a complementary activity of crop. The objective of this study was to evaluate the agronomic behaviour of grafted papaya plants. Two experiments were carried out. In the first experiment, the treatments were derived from six rootstock/scion combinations and four controls, based on commercial genotypes. In the second experiment, four rootstocks and two genotypes formed eight rootstock/scion treatments, and two controls were used. The morphological variables as well as the qualitative and productive variables of fruits were recorded. Results showed that plant height was maintained or reduced in some treatments, whereas stem girth and leaf numbers in grafted treatments were increased. The fruit quality was not influenced by grafting. In the productivity, the grafted plants showed higher fruit production. For an example, the Rootstock 'MSXJ' × Scion 'Maradona' and the Rootstock 'BS2' × Scion 'Maradol' >40 kg · plant−1 and almost 9 kg · m–2, respectively; and the Rootstock 'Robusta' × Scion 'Maradol' treatment was higher than the other treatments, reaching 38.39 kg · plant–1 and 8.53 kg · m–2, in Experiments 1 and 2, respectively. Grafting on papaya positively changed the morphological variables, increased the number of fruits per plant in grafted plant treatments, as well as yield per area, surpassing controls by 25% and 22% in both experiments, respectively.
Mind-body Balance. Experience Workshop for New Entry Students in Engineering
Authors: Hernández Ana María Soto , Berrones Rosa Gabriela Camero , Méndez Victoriano Reyes , Pérez Laura Silvia Vargas , Soto Otilia Georgina Maldonado , Mendoza José Refugio Hernández 
Published: November 2024

Objective: Evaluate a comprehensive educational intervention in groups of new students in engineering, using techniques for the management of their mental health, to reinforce their conditions for learning.

Theoretical Framework: Development of graphic organizers, reinforcement of self-esteem, ability to concentrate, and balanced diet, strengthen study habits and techniques, maintaining mental health, and improving school performance. This topic presents the main concepts and theories that support the research.

Method: An educational intervention was designed and carried out for 550 engineering students. They joined a workshop on personal balance for their entry in 2017. Perception surveys and personal testimonies were applied. Their academic performance was analyzed after one year and contrasted with other generations.

Results and Discussion: Testimonials and responses to perception surveys from students and the teacher showed more than 82% acceptance. The techniques were perceived as beneficial elements for personal life, and an alternative for mental health management. Their academic performance one year after entering was similar to that of those who had a better entry profile.

Research Implications: The results were used to establish an engineering entry strategy and improve the school career, benefiting terminal efficiency.

Originality/Value: This study offers the evaluation of the comprehensive intervention applied to engineering students to guide the admission strategy.
Development of a Diamond Composite in the NI-CO-FE3P-SN-WC System Via Free Sintering for Use in Multi-Find Diamond Pearls
Authors: Sopeletto Mateus Valentim Simmer , Bahiense Alexandre Vianna , Ponciano Victor Moza , Ribeiro Carlos Eduardo Gomes , Xavier Gustavo de Castro , Sagrillo Viviana Possamai Della 
Published: November 2024

Objective: The main objective of this study is to manufacture a diamond composite with a metallic matrix based on Ni-Co-Fe3P-Sn-WC, using the Free Sintering process through cold uniaxial compaction, intended for the production of pearls for diamond wire saws, used in cutting ornamental stones.

Theoretical Framework: The multi-wire technology represents an advancement in cutting ornamental stone blocks, allowing the simultaneous production of multiple slabs. Powder metallurgy is the predominant technique used in the manufacturing of pearls for diamond wire saws. Through testing, including scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and shear tests, it is possible to evaluate the alloy's strength, diamond crystal adhesion, and failure behavior of the alloy.

Methodology: The adopted methodology involves the processing and characterization of pearls for diamond wire saws, following the techniques of powder metallurgy. Initially, parametric calculations were performed using Excel, providing a basis for subsequent analyses. Diamond-coated pearls were produced with different proportions of constituent elements, and uniaxial compressive strength tests and microstructural characterization were conducted to evaluate the results.

Results and Discussion: In the adhesion tests to the metal tube, the pearls produced with the NICOFE alloy showed similar performance to the commercial pearls "A" and "B," with satisfactory direct shear strength values. However, some point defects were observed, such as porosity in the transition zone, creating a weaker bond, negatively impacting the final strength of the composite. Analysis of the commercial samples indicated that diamond abrasion was not related to the composition of the sintered alloy.

Research Implications: This research suggests significant economic and technological implications, such as the development and nationalization of technology for the ornamental stone industry. The use of the NICOFE alloy could strengthen the local industry by providing a viable and more accessible alternative for the production of diamond pearls.

Originality/Value: The NICOFE blend presents technical advantages for manufacturing diamond wire pearls, highlighting the environmental benefits from reduced cobalt use and economic advantages by offering more accessible materials for the ornamental stone industry.
PENGARUH PROGRAM PENGENTASAN KEMISKINAN DI 25 PROVINSI WILAYAH PRIORITAS PENGENTASAN KEMISKINAN EKSTREM
Authors: Anindita Gabriella Natalie Krista , Nurhayati  
Published: November 2024

The purpose of this research is to analyze the influence of poverty alleviation programs of 25 provinces in Indonesia as part of the priority areas for eradicating extreme poverty stage II in 2020 – 2023 period. This research uses panel data regression methods to determine the effect of poverty alleviation programs, namely the Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH), Bantuan Pangan Non-Tunai (BPNT), Kartu Prakerja (KPK), and Kredit Usaha Rakyat (KUR) on poverty levels. Secondary data of 25 provinces in Indonesia as part of the priority areas for eradicating extreme poverty stage II in the 2020 – 2023 period was obtained from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS), the National Team for the Acceleration of Poverty Reduction (TNP2K), and other ministries/institutions. The regression results show that KUR has a negative effect on poverty levels, while PKH, BPNT, and KPK have no effect on poverty levels in 25 provinces in Indonesia as part of the priority areas for eradicating extreme poverty stage II in the 2020 – 2023 period
Public control of outer space: towards the formulation of the problem
Authors: Cheshin Andrei Vladimirovich , Goncharov Vitalii Viktorovich , Petrenko Elena Gennad'evna , Malinovskii Oleg Nikolaevich 
Published: November 2024

This article is devoted to the analysis of issues related to the possibility of organizing and implementing public control (control of the civil society of the peoples of the United Nations) over the processes of exploration and use of outer space. The authors note that outer space is of exceptional value and importance for the processes of conservation and development of mankind, since: the exploration of outer space in the last decade has been carried out at a rapidly growing pace; modern telecommunications technologies are not possible without the use of outer space; outer space is the most important condition for ensuring the defense security of states; the danger of environmental pollution of near space by waste has increased. There are serious risks of additional militarization of outer space (up to the placement of weapons of mass destruction in it); the activities of private economic entities in outer space are poorly controlled by the international community and the civil society of the peoples of the United Nations. A number of scientific research methods are used in the work, in particular: formal-logical; comparative-legal; historical-legal; statistical; sociological; method of analyzing specific legal situations. The authors note that the organization and implementation of public control (control of the civil society of the peoples of the United Nations) over the processes of exploration and use of outer space are fraught with a number of problems: the UN Charter and international legislation do not directly fix the grounds and limits of the implementation of this control; the norms of international space law do not always detail the possibility of participation of civil society institutions in the control of the study and use of outer space; there is no certainty as to which subjects of public control (control of the civil society of the peoples of the United Nations) should organize and conduct its activities for the processes of exploration and use of outer space; these subjects are not endowed with a set of real powers that can ensure the legality of the above-mentioned processes; these subjects have a weak material and technical base; there is no mechanism for bringing to legal responsibility those responsible for countering the legitimate control activities of the above-mentioned entities.
Comparative effectiveness of shorter regimen with oral bedaquiline or injectable on treatment outcomes and mortality among patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Guinea: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Diallo Boubacar Djelo , Diallo Alhassane , Diallo Oumou Hawa , Barry Alpha Oumar , Magassouba Aboubacar Sidiki , Camara Lansana Mady 
Published: November 2024

Objectives:
Results of clinical trials indicate that oral bedaquiline, instead of an injectable drug to treat rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (RR-TB), is associated with significant improvement in treatment success and mortality 24 months after treatment initiation. We aimed to compare treatment success and mortality in patients treated for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) with shorter oral bedaquiline-containing versus injectable regimens in Guinea.

Materials and Methods:
We enrolled patients with RR-TB who were treated with an MDR-TB treatment regimen from June 2016 to June 2022 in three tuberculosis (TB) centers in Guinea. The primary outcome was mortality, and the secondary outcomes were treatment success and loss of follow-up. A based on average treatment effect on the treated propensity score on age, sex, geographic site, previous TB treatment, acid-fast-bacilli smear-positivity, and human immunodeficiency virus-infection status was used to account for confounding bias. Cox and logistic regression models were used to obtain adjusted hazard ratios (HR) and odds ratios (OR).

Results:
1112 patients treated for MDR-TB during the study period were analyzed: 253 in the bedaquiline group and 859 in the injectable group. Fifteen patients (5.9%) were lost to follow-up, 18 (6.7%) had treatment failure or recurrence, and 46 died (18.2%). A 175 (69.2%) had treatment success in the bedaquiline group, compared with 57 (6.6%), 21 (2.4%), 162 (18.9%), and 619 (72.1%) in the injectable group, respectively. In the adjusted analyses, the bedaquiline-containing regimen was associated with a significant reduction of all-cause mortality (HR: 0.62, 95% confidence interval CI]: 0.42–0.91), a higher probability of treatment success (OR: 1.08, 95% CI: 1.00–1.17), and a similar risk of loss to follow-up (HR: 0.62, 95% CI: 0.32–1.22) as compared with the injectable group.

Conclusion:
In real-life conditions, a short oral bedaquiline regimen was associated with lower odds of death and higher odds of treatment success among patients with MDR-TB. These findings support the use of short bedaquiline-containing regimens until a new BPaLM regimen is widely available.