bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Collaboration in students’ learning: the student experience
Authors: Gratton Rob 
Published: October 2019

Recognising that traditional approaches to education, and in turn a teaching and learning pedagogy which focus on the triumvirate of predefined knowledge, situationally applied understanding and domain specific skills were no longer appropriate, in 2009 I embarked upon an exploration of the myriad effects of an engagement with a pedagogy designed to facilitate Collaborative Group Learning (CGL) within a History classroom in a North London Secondary School. Following an identification of the recorded benefits of collaborative learning, I sought to isolate the principles of collaborative group learning, apply these principles to classroom practices of both the educator and learner and over a period of twenty‐four weeks capture and narrate the benefits of actively engaging in CGL. Central to the narrative were the experiences and perceptions of the thirty Year 8 boys (aged 12‐13 years) who experienced CGL over a period of twenty‐four weeks. The study identified a range of benefits of engaging in and with this form of inclusive pedagogy including, effective self‐directed and autonomous learning, interdependence, enhanced verbal communication skills and social‐cohesion. An unintended outcome has also been academic success measured through progress and attainment.
The Sense That Suppletion Makes: Towards a Semantic Typology on Diachronic Principles
Authors: Juge Matthew L. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis paper examines the semantic factors involved in three crucial questions about suppletion in verbs: what verbs develop suppletion, what verbs contribute to suppletive paradigms, and how roots are distributed in suppletive paradigms. My analysis shows that the development of suppletion is more orderly than commonly believed. Specifically, semantic distance and other semantic factors facilitate explanations of suppletive patterns that earlier studies focusing on typological and morphological considerations could not account for. I apply semantic maps to well‐known cases of suppletion in addition to underreported and previously unreported patterns, including Hungarian data displaying a previously unknown type of suppletion—non‐aligned overlapping suppletion—where forms shared by separate lexemes belong to distinct parts of their paradigms. I contextualize semantic factors in the relationships between synchronic types and diachronic sources. My analysis refines our understanding of suppletion types and shows the logic behind suppletive distributions.
Association between ideal cardiovascular health and depression incidence: a longitudinal analysis of ELSA‐Brasil
Authors: Brunoni A. R. , Szlejf C. , Suemoto C. K. , Santos I. S. , Goulart A. C. , Viana M. C. , Koyanagi A. , Barreto S. M. , Moreno A. B. , Carvalho A. F. , Lange S. , Griep R. H. , Lotufo P. A. , Benseñor I.M. 
Published: October 2019

ObjectiveWe investigated whether ideal cardiovascular health (ICH), a metric proposed by the American Heart Association, predicts depression development.MethodsCohort analysis from the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA‐Brasil). Adults with no current depression and other common mental disorders, cardiovascular diseases, and antidepressant drug use at baseline had their ICH (composite score of smoking, dietary habits, body mass index, blood pressure, fasting glucose, cholesterol, and physical activity) assessed and classified into poor, intermediate, and optimal. Depression was assessed using the Clinical Interview Schedule‐Revised (CIS‐R). Poisson regression models, adjusted for sociodemographic factors and alcohol consumption, were employed. Stratified analyses were performed for age and sex.ResultsWe included 9214 participants (mean age 52 ± 9 years, 48.6% women). Overall depression incidence at 3.8‐year follow‐up was 1.5%. Intermediate and poor ICH significantly increased the risk rate (RR) of developing depression (2.48 [95%CI 1.06–5.78] and 3 [1.28–7.03], respectively) at a 3.8‐year follow‐up. Higher ICH scores decreased the rate of depression development (RR = 0.84 [0.73–0.96] per metric). Stratified analyses were significant for women and adults < 55 years old.ConclusionsPoor cardiovascular health tripled depression risk at follow‐up in otherwise healthy adults. Ameliorating cardiovascular health might decrease depression risk development.
Recent developments and highlights in immune monitoring of allergen immunotherapy
Authors: van Zelm Menno C. , McKenzie Craig I. , Varese Nirupama , Rolland Jennifer M. , O'Hehir Robyn E. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAllergic diseases are the most common chronic immune‐mediated disorders and can manifest with an enormous diversity in clinical severity and symptoms. Underlying mechanisms for the adverse immune response to allergens and its downregulation by treatment are still being revealed. As a result, there have been, and still are, major challenges in diagnosis, prediction of disease progression/evolution and treatment. Currently, the only corrective treatment available is allergen immunotherapy (AIT). AIT modifies the immune response through long‐term repeated exposure to defined doses of allergen. However, as the treatment usually needs to be continued for several years to be effective, and can be accompanied by adverse reactions, many patients face difficulties completing their schedule. Long‐term therapy also potentially incurs high costs. Therefore, there is a great need for objective markers to predict or to monitor individual patient's beneficial changes in immune response during therapy so that efficacy can be identified as early as possible. In this review, we specifically address recent technical developments that have generated new insights into allergic disease pathogenesis, and how these could potentially be translated into routine laboratory assays for disease monitoring during AIT that are relatively inexpensive, robust and scalable.
Challenges and Resilience: Managers’ Perceptions of Firm Performance Following M&As
Authors: Croucher Richard , Glaister Keith W. , Rizov Marian , Rofcanin Yasin , Wood Geoffrey 
Published: October 2019

We study mergers and acquisitions (M&As), resilience and performance, identifying links between managers’ perceptions of performance and resilience, using trans‐national organisational‐level survey evidence (N = 3,613) and follow up semi‐structured in‐depth interviews with managers involved in M&As and demerger. Drawing on the resilience and M&A literature, we identify reasons why employees in acquired firms may be less resilient in coping with the resultant changes than those of the acquirer and why this will negatively impact perceptions of performance. We explore the causes and consequences of variations in resilience and performance within firms that acquire others, and in those that have been demerged. As anticipated, we find that although managers in acquired firms tended to report worse performance than those in acquiring firms, both tended to be more positive than firms that had not taken part in an M&A at all. We draw out implications for theory and practice.
Experimental animal models of aquaporin‐4‐IgG‐seropositive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders: progress and shortcomings
Authors: Duan Tianjiao , Verkman Alan S. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractNeuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) is a heterogeneous group of neuroinflammatory conditions associated with demyelination primarily in spinal cord and optic nerve, and to a lesser extent in brain. Most NMOSD patients are seropositive for IgG autoantibodies against aquaporin‐4 (AQP4‐IgG), the principal water channel in astrocytes. There has been interest in establishing experimental animal models of seropositive NMOSD (herein referred to as NMO) in order to elucidate NMO pathogenesis mechanisms and to evaluate drug candidates. An important outcome of early NMO animal models was evidence for a pathogenic role of AQP4‐IgG. However, available animal models of NMO, based largely on passive transfer to rodents of AQP4‐IgG or transfer of AQP4‐sensitized T cells, often together with pro‐inflammatory maneuvers, only partially recapitulate the clinical and pathological features of human NMO, and are inherently biased toward humoral or cellular immune mechanisms. This review summarizes current progress and shortcomings in experimental animal models of seropositive NMOSD, and opines on the import of advancing animal models.
Taxing the tempted: Personal addictions, sustainable revenues and the public good
Authors: Bird Malcolm G. , Dutil Patrice , Stoney Christopher 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe regulation of gaming, tobacco and alcohol is challenged by new realities. First, fewer people are convinced that government regulation of these indulgences is consistent with a rights‐based society. Second, while provincial budgets have continued to climb, the revenues drawn from “sin taxes” (excise taxes from tobacco and alcohol and revenues from gambling) have declined as a proportion of total revenues. As a result, these taxes will not cover the important social and health care costs triggered by the new permissiveness. This study contributes to budget theory by examining the changing policy landscape and sheds light on how Canadian provinces in particular have attempted to balance individual rights, social oversight and provincial revenues. It concludes by speculating on other addictive products that could soon be framed as worthy of taxation.
Risky Politics? Associations Between Adolescent Risk Preference and Political Engagement
Authors: Oosterhoff Benjamin , Wray‐Lake Laura 
Published: October 2019

This study examined associations among adolescent risk preference and political engagement using nationally representative Monitoring the Future data from high school seniors (N = 109,574; modal age = 18 years) spanning 1976–2014. Greater risk preference was associated with greater past voting, donating to a campaign, writing government officials, boycotting, and protesting. Greater risk preference was also associated with higher future intentions to boycott and protest, but lower intentions to donate to or volunteer for a campaign. In general, associations between risk preference and political engagement became stronger with higher levels of political interest. Results highlight the importance of considering the adaptive role of adolescent risk preference and suggest that political engagement may be a constructive outlet for youth who pursue or are comfortable taking risks.
The Era of Adaptive Experiences: Rethinking Universal and Inclusive Design
Authors: Goto Kelly 
Published: October 2019

If you’ve ever spent a day on crutches, helped a friend manage a wheelchair, or helped an aging and hearing‐impaired parent conduct a phone conversation, you’ll appreciate the beauty of universal and inclusive design. And perhaps you’ll understand when we say that these challenges, too, represent a kind of diversity.Defining disability as diversity.
Long‐term remission rates after splenectomy in adults with Evans syndrome compared to immune thrombocytopenia: A single‐center retrospective study
Authors: Sulpizio Emilio D. , Raghunathan Vikram , Shatzel Joseph J. , Zilberman‐Rudenko Jevgenia , Worrest Tarin , Sheppard Brett C. , DeLoughery Thomas G. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractObjectiveEvans syndrome, the combination of immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) and autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) or autoimmune neutropenia, is associated with a high rate of relapsed/refractory disease. There are limited data on the efficacy of splenectomy for this condition. We reviewed patient outcomes after splenectomy for Evans syndrome compared to ITP at our institution.MethodsWe performed a retrospective analysis of patients who underwent splenectomy for autoimmune cytopenias over a 23‐year period with the intention of comparing disease relapse rates after splenectomy in patients with Evans syndrome and in those with ITP.ResultsDuring the study period, 77 patients underwent splenectomy for ITP and seven underwent splenectomy for Evans syndrome. In the Evans cohort, splenectomy led to an 85.7% initial response rate with a 42.8% rate of relapse within one year and a long‐term (one‐year) response rate of 42.8%. In the ITP cohort, the initial response rate was 90.9% with a long‐term response rate of 70.1%.ConclusionOur data suggest that long‐term remission rates after splenectomy are lower in adults with Evans syndrome compared to those with ITP, although splenectomy may still be an acceptable treatment for certain patients with Evans syndrome. Our findings underscore the need for further research and development of additional therapeutic strategies for this patient population.
Urokinase receptor and tissue plasminogen activator as immediate‐early genes in pentylenetetrazole‐induced seizures in the mouse brain
Authors: Shmakova Anna A. , Rubina Kseniya A. , Rysenkova Karina D. , Gruzdeva Anna M. , Ivashkina Olga I. , Anokhin Konstantin V. , Tkachuk Vsevolod A. , Semina Ekaterina V. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractEpileptogenesis progressively leads to the rearrangement of normal neuronal networks into more excitable ones and can be viewed as a form of neuroplasticity, the molecular mechanisms of which still remain obscure. Here, we studied pentylenetetrazole seizure‐induced regulation of genes for plasminogen activator system in the mouse brain. We found that expression of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) and urokinase receptor (uPAR) mRNA was strongly increased in the mouse cerebral cortex, hippocampus, striatum and amygdala as early as 3 hr after pentylenetetrazole seizures. Such early activity‐induced expression of uPAR in the central nervous system has not been demonstrated before. uPAR mRNA accumulation was followed by elevation of uPAR protein, indicating a complete transcription–translation process. Both tPA gene induction and uPAR gene induction were independent of the protein synthesis, suggesting that they are regulated by neural activity as immediate‐early genes. In contrast to tPA and uPAR genes, the expression of which returned to the basal level 6 hr following seizures, urokinase and plasminogen activator inhibitor‐1 gene expression showed a delayed activation only at 3 days after seizures. In conclusion, our results suggest an important sensitivity of the brain plasminogen activator system to seizure activity which raises the question of its role in activity‐dependent neural tissue remodeling in pathological and normal conditions.
Hypersensitivity to DNA double‐strand breaks associated with PARG deficiency is suppressed by exo‐1 and polq‐1 mutations in Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Bae Woori , Park Jae Hyung , Lee Myon‐Hee , Park Hyun Woo , Koo Hyeon‐Sook 
Published: October 2019

Deficiency of either of the two homologs of poly(ADP‐ribose) glycohydrolase (PARG), PARG‐1 and PARG‐2, in Caenorhabditis elegans leads to hypersensitivity to ionizing radiation (IR). In the germ cells of parg‐2 mutant worms, the dissipation of recombinase RAD‐51 foci was slower than in wild‐type (WT) cells, suggesting defects in DNA double‐strand break (DSB) repair via homologous recombination (HR). Nevertheless, RPA‐1, the large subunit of replication protein A, accumulated faster in parg‐2 worms and disappeared earlier than in WT worms. This accelerated RPA‐1 accumulation may result from the enhanced expression of exonuclease‐1 (EXO‐1) after IR treatment. Accordingly, an exo‐1 mutation reduced IR sensitivity and accumulation of RPA‐1 in parg‐2 worms. A mutation of polq‐1, encoding for a key factor in the alternative end‐joining (Alt‐EJ) pathway, suppressed the IR hypersensitivity phenotype of parg‐2 worms and normalized the kinetics of RAD‐51 dissipation. This indicates that error‐prone Alt‐EJ may mediate DSB repair in parg‐2 worms, causing hypersensitivity to IR. In summary, PARG‐2 deficiency in C. elegans causes hyperactive DSB end resection likely through EXO‐1 overproduction. DSBs with long single‐stranded DNA ends in parg‐2 worms are thought to be repaired by Alt‐EJ instead of HR, causing genomic instability.
A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized clinical trials comparing rotary canal instrumentation techniques with manual instrumentation techniques in primary teeth
Authors: Manchanda S. , Sardana D. , Yiu C. K. Y. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundUse of rotary instruments in the root canals of permanent teeth is well known; however, there are no evidence‐based recommendations on the effectiveness of rotary canal instrumentation techniques over manual instrumentation techniques during root canal treatment in primary teeth.AimTo appraise the current literature on the effectiveness of rotary canal preparation techniques compared to manual techniques during root canal treatment in primary teeth.Data sourcesMEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, Scopus, PubMed and Web of Science (1 January 1991 to 3 January 2019).Study eligibility criteria, participants and interventionsPopulation: Children with primary teeth; Intervention: Rotary canal instrumentation; Control: Manual canal instrumentation; Outcomes: Success rates (clinical and/or radiographic), quality of root filling, instrumentation and root filling time, postoperative pain, cleaning effectiveness.Study appraisal and synthesis methodsCochrane risk of bias tool 2.0 was used to ascertain the validity across five domains. Risk ratio (RR) for dichotomous variables and weighted mean difference for continuous variables were used as summary measures. The GRADE approach was used to assess the certainty of evidence using GRADE‐pro software.ResultsA total of 13 trials were selected of 2471 records after screening of the databases. The RR of clinical success in rotary versus manual canal preparation technique was 1.01 (95% CI: 0.91–1.12; P = 0.913) at 6 months. The RR of radiographic success in rotary versus manual techniques was 0.97 (95% CI: 0.74–1.27; P = 0.805) at 6 months. The quality of root filling was not significantly different between the two groups (P = 0.062). The weighted mean difference of instrumentation time and canal filling time was significantly less with rotary techniques (P < 0.001); however, postoperative pain was non‐significant across both techniques at 12, 24 and 72 h but significantly less with rotary techniques at 6 h (P < 0.001) and 48 h (P = 0.023).LimitationsInclusion of only English literature.Conclusions and implications of key findingsRotary canal instrumentation had a similar clinical and radiographic success rate, less postoperative pain (at 6 and 48 h), and took less instrumentation time compared to manual instrumentation techniques (moderate level of evidence).
Tadalafil is sufficiently effective for severe chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia
Authors: Hiramatsu Ippei , Tsujimura Akira , Soejima Miho , Yoshiyama Azusa , Nagashima Yuki , Ishikawa Keisuke , Uesaka Yuka , Nozaki Taiji , Ogishima Tatsuya , Shirai Masato , Mitsuhashi Isao , Sugimura Sosuke , Mizuno Taiki , Noto Kensho , Shigeta Yasuhiro , Takasu Jiro , Honda Shinichi , Iwata Shinji , Horie Shigeo 
Published: October 2019

ObjectivesTo investigate the efficacy of tadalafil for patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia and chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome.MethodsTadalafil 5 mg was given each morning for 12 weeks to patients diagnosed as having either moderate or severe lower urinary tract symptoms. Voiding symptoms were compared between patients with a high (≥4; high group) and low (<4; low group) pain subscore of the National Institutes of Health Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index before and after tadalafil administration. The correlation between changes in the Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index and the International Prostate Symptom Score during treatment was also investigated.ResultsAt baseline, the pain subscore of the Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index was high (≥4) in 24 of 74 (32.4%) patients. The International Prostate Symptom Score in the group with a high pain subscore was significantly higher than that in the group with a low pain subscore. International Prostate Symptom Score, National Institutes of Health Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index total score and pain subscore were all significantly improved after treatment. The change in the Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index total score correlated positively with the change in the International Prostate Symptom Score. The decrease in the International Prostate Symptom Score was significantly greater in the group with high versus low pain subscore.ConclusionsTadalafil is sufficiently effective in the treatment of patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia and severe chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome.
Minorías étnicas foráneas y determinación salarial en China
Authors: MACDONALD Andrew W. , HASMATH Reza 
Published: October 2019

ResumenSi bien algunos estudios observan que las minorías étnicas urbanas en China perciben salarios más bajos que la mayoría han, otros no constatan la existencia de esa brecha. Para resolver esta contradicción, los autores proponen desglosar las experiencias laborales por grupo étnico minoritario. El análisis de las minorías étnicas sobre un amplio conjunto de datos indica que las «minorías foráneas», como los tibetanos y los grupos túrquicos, sufren una penalización salarial significativa cuando se controlan las covariables, pero no ocurre lo mismo con la totalidad de las minorías. Estas conclusiones son robustas en varias especificaciones y tienen importantes implicaciones teóricas y en materia de políticas.
Los efectos de la capacidad en el rendimiento de la sobrecalificación y la infracalificación en Malasia
Authors: WYE Chung‐Khain , ISMAIL Rahmah 
Published: October 2019

ResumenEl número de trabajadores con estudios superiores crece en mayor medida que el empleo calificado en Malasia. Se plantea la cuestión de hasta qué punto la acumulación de competencias, capacidades y experiencia laboral mejora la prima salarial de la sobrecalificación o atenúa la penalización salarial de la infracalificación. Los autores estiman los efectos de la capacidad sobre el rendimiento de la calificación según datos recopilados en Malasia peninsular en 2015. Concluyen que la mejora de tipos específicos de capacidad puede rectificar las deficiencias salariales resultantes de los desajustes. La educación y la formación en el empleo deben orientarse al desarrollo de recursos humanos con capacidades laborales específicas.