bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reliable Ge2Sb2Te5‐Integrated High‐Density Nanoscale Conductive Bridge Random Access Memory using Facile Nitrogen‐Doping Strategy
Authors: Raeis‐Hosseini Niloufar , Lim Seokjae , Hwang Hyunsang , Rho Junsuk 
Published: July 2018

AbstractConductive bridge random access memory (CBRAM) is a possible replacement for static field‐programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) based on random‐access memory. Ge2Sb2Te5 (GST) is used in CBRAMs as a solid electrolyte due to its high diffusion properties of active ions and scalability to obtain high‐density memory devices. Here, the trade‐off between high memory window and uniformity of CBRAM based on GST is solved by introducing N atoms into the SE. Nitrogen‐incorporated GST film (N‐GST) is proposed as a replacement for the current GST‐based CBRAMs with improved performance and better opportunities for conventional FPGA technologies. A bidirectional polarity‐dependent characteristic with high ION/IOFF ratio and satisfactory operation voltage is achieved by using N‐GST thin film in a programmable metallization cell (PMC). Integration of N atoms in the GST‐based PMC with a simple structure of Ag/ N‐GST /Pt increases the resistance ratio more than 100 times compared to an undoped one. Consistent data retention is attained in both resistance states for ≥3.5 × 104 s at temperature up to 85 °C.
Long noncoding RNA LINC00261 regulates endometrial carcinoma progression by modulating miRNA/FOXO1 expression
Authors: Fang Qianjin , Sang Lin , Du Shihua 
Published: July 2018

Long noncoding RNA LINC00261 was reported to be downregulated in multiple cancers. LINC00261 overexpression inhibits cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. But the expression and function of LIN00261 in endometrial carcinoma are still elusive. We found that LINC00261 mRNA levels were downregulated in endometrial carcinoma, and LINC00261 overexpression inhibited endometrial carcinoma cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. miRNAs, including miR‐182, miR‐183, miR‐153, miR‐27a, and miR‐96, were predicted to bind LINC00261 and FOXO1, and functioned to attenuate expression of LINC00261 and FOXO1. Overexpressed LINC00261 lowered these dissociative miRNAs, resulting in increase of FOXO1 protein levels. The knockdown of FOXO1 eliminated the suppression effect of overexpressed LINC00261 on endometrial carcinoma cell aggressiveness. LINC00261 promotes FOXO1 expression through reducing FOXO1‐targeted miRNAs to suppress endometrial carcinoma cell proliferation, migration, and invasion.Significance of the studyLINC00261 is downregulated in endometrial carcinoma and associated with metastasis of this cancer. LINC00261 elevates FOXO1 protein levels through reducing FOXO1‐targeted miRNAs to suppress endometrial carcinoma cell proliferation, migration, and invasion.
Pseudotumor complicating a well‐fixed ceramic‐on‐polyethylene total hip arthroplasty
Authors: Serrano Pedro M. , Rodrigues Cláudia , S. Silva Marta , Coelho Rafaela , Cardoso Pedro , Oliveira Vânia 
Published: July 2018

Key Clinical MessageA suspicious area surrounding hardware components, usually following arthroplasty, should raise awareness to a possible particle related disease. Even in the presence of confusing or less typical symptoms, clinicians and surgeons must join efforts to diagnose and treat the patient effectively and in the appropriate time.
The Reaction Kinetics of Gaseous Alkali Capture by Kaolin in Syngas Atmosphere
Authors: Kerscher Florian , Stetka Markus , Spliethoff Hartmut 
Published: July 2018

AbstractAlumosilicate minerals are suitable sorbents at high temperatures for removing alkalis in syngas. Thermogravimetric investigations of these sorbents usually focus on the reaction mechanisms. Herein, a crucible arrangement is described that allows evaporation of the alkali source and sorption of gaseous alkali components in one temperature zone. With this experimental setup, kinetic investigations of alkali sorption are possible in a conventional thermobalance. Experiments were performed with sodium chloride as the alkali source and kaolin as the getter material. The reaction rate increased with alkali concentration and showed an exponential dependence on temperature. Thus, the Arrhenius model approach and power law model were selected for mathematical description.
Monomeric Rare‐Earth Metal Silyl‐Thiophosphinoyl‐Alkylidene Complexes: Synthesis, Structure, and Reactivity
Authors: Wang Chen , Mao Weiqing , Xiang Li , Yang Yan , Fang Jian , Maron Laurent , Leng Xuebing , Chen Yaofeng 
Published: July 2018

AbstractA series of monomeric rare‐earth metal silyl‐thiophosphinoyl‐alkylidene complexes [LLn{C(SiR3)PPh2S}] (5: Ln=Lu, R=Me; 6: Ln=Lu, R=Ph; 7: Ln=Y, R=Me; 8: Ln=Y, R=Ph; 9: Ln=Sm, R=Ph; 10: Ln=Sm, R=Me; 11: Ln=La, R=Ph; L=[MeC(NDIPP)CHC(Me)(NCH2CH2N(Me)2)]−, DIPP=2,6‐(iPr)2C6H3) have been synthesized and structurally characterized. The influences of rare‐earth metal ions, ancillary ligands, and alkylidene groups on the reactivity of complexes 5–11 and the related scandium complexes [LSc{C(SiR3)PPh2S}] (1: R=Me; 2: R=Ph) and [L′Sc{C(SiR3)PPh2S}] (3: R=Me; 4: R=Ph; L′=[MeC(NDIPP)CHC(Me)(NCH2CH2N(iPr)2)]−) have been studied. Reactions of these rare‐earth metal alkylidene complexes with PhCN give four kinds of products, the formation of which is dependent on the rare‐earth metal ions, ancillary ligands, and alkylidene groups of the complexes. In the reactions with tBuNC, unusual C−P bond cleavage of the alkylidene group and C≡C triple bond formation occur. Complexes 10 and 11 also react with PhSiH3 to form hydrides, which subsequently undergo Ln−H addition to the C=N bond of the ancillary ligand L. DFT calculations have been used to analyze the bonding in complex 10, which exhibits a polarized three centers Sm−C−P π interaction, and to rationalize the reactivity by computing reaction mechanisms. The difference in reactivity of PhCN and tBuNC is due to the electron density delocalization that is enabled by the phenyl group rather than the tBu group.
APC2 associates with the actin cortex through a multipart mechanism to regulate cortical actin organization and dynamics in the Drosophila ovary
Authors: Molinar‐Inglis Olivia , Oliver Stacie L. , Rudich Paige , Kunttas Ezgi , McCartney Brooke M. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe actin cortex that lines the plasma membrane of most eukaryotic cells resists external mechanical forces and plays critical roles in a variety of cellular processes including morphogenesis, cytokinesis, and cell migration. Despite its ubiquity and significance, we understand relatively little about the composition, dynamics, and structure of the actin cortex. Adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) proteins regulate the actin and microtubule cytoskeletons through a variety of mechanisms, and in some contexts, APC proteins are cortically enriched. Here we show that APC2 regulates cortical actin dynamics in the follicular epithelium and the nurse cells of the Drosophila ovary and in addition affects the distribution of cortical actin at the apical side of the follicular epithelium. To understand how APC2 influences these properties of the actin cortex, we investigated the mechanisms controlling the cortical localization of APC2 in S2 cultured cells. We previously showed that the N‐terminal half of APC2 containing the Armadillo repeats and the C‐terminal 30 amino acids (C30) are together necessary and sufficient for APC2's cortical localization. Our work presented here supports a model that cortical localization of APC2 is governed in part by self‐association through the N‐terminal APC Self‐Association Domain (ASAD) and a highly conserved coiled‐coil within the C30 domain.
Bedrock fracture influences on geomorphic process and form across process domains and scales
Authors: Scott Daniel N. , Wohl Ellen E. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractFractures are discontinuities in rock that can be exploited by erosion. Fractures regulate cohesion, profoundly affecting the rate, style, and location of Earth surface processes. By modulating the spatial distribution of erodibility, fractures can focus erosion and set the shape of features from scales of fluvial bedforms to entire landscapes. Although early investigation focused on fractures as features that influence the orientation and location of landforms, recent work has started to discern the mechanisms by which fractures influence the erodibility of bedrock. As numerical modeling and field measurement techniques improve, it is rapidly becoming feasible to determine how fractures influence geomorphic processes, as opposed to when or where. However, progress is hampered by a lack of research coordination across scales and process domains. We review studies from hillslope, glacial, fluvial, and coastal domains from the scale of reaches and outcrops to entire landscapes. We then synthesize this work to highlight similarities across domains and scales and suggest knowledge gaps, opportunities, and methodological challenges that need to be solved. By integrating knowledge across domains and scales, we present a more holistic conceptualization of fracture influences on geomorphic processes. This conceptualization enables a more unified framework for future investigation into fracture influences on Earth surface dynamics. © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Microwave hydrogravity pretreatment of Sargassum muticum before solvent extraction of antioxidant and antiobesity compounds
Authors: Flórez‐Fernández Noelia , Casas María P , Jesús González‐Muñoz María , Domínguez Herminia 
Published: July 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDMicrowave hydrodiffusion and gravity (MHG) of Sargassum muticum was proposed both for obtaining an aqueous extract and as pretreatment before ethanol extraction of bioactives.RESULTSNo significant differences in composition and properties between the aqueous phase drained during MHG processing at 600 W/7 min (MHG‐1) and at 600 W/5 min + 300 W/5 min (MHG‐2) were observed. The aqueous extract, accounting for less than 0.2% of the initial material, was refined by adsorption onto food grade resins to recover and concentrate the phenolic fraction, further eluted in 68% ethanol. The final product contained more than 50% phlorotannins and the antiradical capacity was higher than that of Trolox. Ethanolic extraction of the dried solids yielded 7% non‐volatile solubles, containing 5% phenolics and 1.2% fucoxanthin. After 12 months at room temperature in the dark, phenolic and fucoxanthin content, and antioxidant properties of the extracts were markedly reduced. The aqueous extracts from MHG‐2 and the ethanolic extracts from the dried solids showed inhibition of lipogenesis in 3TL1 cells when used at 100 µg mL−1.CONCLUSIONMHG processing can be proposed both for the extraction of an aqueous fraction and for the conditioning of seaweed biomass before conventional solvent extraction of bioactives. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Competitive inhibition of cobalt uptake by zinc and manganese in a pacificProchlorococcusstrain: Insights into metal homeostasis in a streamlined oligotrophic cyanobacterium
Authors: Hawco Nicholas J. , Saito Mak A. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractIn order to satisfy metabolic requirements for growth, marine cyanobacteria such asProchlorococcusmust acquire cobalt from seawater and synthesize cobalamin cofactors. Through a series of experiments withProchlorococcusstrain MIT 9215 under cobalt limiting conditions, the mechanism ofProchlorococcus' cobalt uptake was investigated. Due to low quotas,ProchlorococcusMIT 9215 can maintain growth at extremely slow rates of cobalt uptake, circa 1 atom per cell per hour. Cobalt quotas were linearly related to the concentration of inorganic cobalt species, Co′, indicating that the metal binding sites on the transporter are strongly unsaturated with respect to cobalt. When limited by cobalt,Prochlorococcusgrowth rates decreased at high levels of both Zn and Mn, suggesting that both metals compete with cobalt for the same transporter. This effect was not observed under a wide range of Fe, Cu, and Ni concentrations, although the onset of exponential growth was delayed at high Ni. These observations agree with prior characterizations of the periplasmic manganese binding protein MntC, which is probably the main pathway for inorganic cobalt uptake and the locus for Mn and Zn competitive inhibition. The toxicity of zinc toward cobalt limitedProchlorococcusMIT 9215 contrasts with the observation of cobalt‐zinc substitution in eukaryotic phytoplankton and is expected to occur at environmentally relevant concentrations of free zinc and cobalt ions. Thus, the ecological success ofProchlorococcusin the modern ocean may depend on access to cobalt complexed by strong organic ligands that are not subject to competitive inhibition by other metals.
The effect of intrapulmonary percussive ventilation in pediatric patients: A systematic review
Authors: Lauwers Eline , Ides Kris , Van Hoorenbeeck Kim , Verhulst Stijn 
Published: July 2018

AbstractBackgroundIntrapulmonary percussive ventilation (IPV) is frequently used in clinical practice to enhance sputum evacuation and lung recruitment. However, the evidence in different respiratory pathologies, especially in children, is still lacking. This systematic review aims to enlist the effectiveness of IPV as an airway clearance technique in pediatric patients.Data sourcesA systematic literature search was performed in PubMed, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library databases.Study selectionStudies were included if the subjects suffered from a respiratory disease requiring airway clearance and the mean age of the sample was <18 years. After screening, nine articles remained for further analysis.ResultsThree of the nine articles examined patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). No significant differences in lung function or expectorated mucus were found compared to conventional chest physiotherapy. On the other hand, significant beneficial results were found for the treatment or prevention of atelectasis in non‐CF patients using IPV. Similar results were seen when comparing therapies for neuromuscular/neurological patients. One study found that IPV reduced hospital stay and improved the clinical status of children with acute bronchiolitis compared to no physiotherapy. Severe adverse events did not occur in the included studies.ConclusionA limited number of studies investigated IPV in the pediatric population. Despite the heterogeneity across the studies and the small sample sizes, the results seem promising. IPV is suggested to be a safe and effective alternative for airway clearance. Future research is required to confirm these results and to further analyze the possible benefits in different respiratory pathologies.
Synthesis of Cyclic Compounds via Photoinduced Radical Cyclization Cascade of C=C bonds
Authors: Zhao Yating , Lv Yanwen , Xia Wujiong 
Published: July 2018

AbstractCyclic compounds constitute a great important class of substances in the science of medicine and biology, which renders the research on facile and efficient construction of such complex scaffolds from simple starting materials to be hot and appealing. Recently, the radical cascade reaction involving multiple bond formation/cleavage has emerged as an ideal and powerful route to give high‐value cyclic products, along with diminished cost and waste. As a simple and benign methodology, photoredox catalysis offers a readily available access to the generation of radical species. Alkenes have been recognized as one of the most valuable building blocks for the reason they allow installation of different functional groups simultaneously through addition to the C=C bonds. This account summarizes the recent advances in photoinduced radical cascade cyclization to the synthesis of cyclic compounds with C=C bonds working as the initial radical acceptors, and emphasis is put on the related reaction mechanisms.
“And He Could Wear a Dress?”: A Preschool Transformative Book Conversation
Authors: Quast Erin 
Published: July 2018

AbstractHow might literature be shared with students for transformative purposes? Literature has the power to shape students’ worldviews through the exploration of diverse human experiences, but how students engage with diverse characters is important to reaching transformative goals. The author identified teachers’ pedagogical moves within a preschool conversation on gender around the picture bookMy Princess Boyby Cheryl Kilodavis. Noticing how gender normativity manifested in the classroom, teachers used the book to open the conversation on gender, honor students’ sensemaking, and complicate gender norms through responsive listening. Using examples of teacher–student interactions across the preschool book conversation, practical suggestions are provided for teachers to facilitate transformative dialogue when sharing diverse texts with young students.
Can Chern-Simons or Rarita-Schwinger be a Volkov-Akulov Goldstone?
Authors: Bansal Sukruti , Sorokin Dmitri 
Published: July 2018

AbstractWe study three-dimensional non-linear models of vector and vector-spinor Goldstone fields associated with the spontaneous breaking of certain higher-spin counterparts of supersymmetry whose Lagrangians are of a Volkov-Akulov type. Goldstone fields in these models transform non-linearly under the spontaneously broken rigid symmetries. We find that the leading term in the action of the vector Goldstone model is the Abelian Chern-Simons action whose gauge symmetry is broken by a quartic term. As a result, the model has a propagating degree of freedom which, in a decoupling limit, is a quartic Galileon scalar field. The vector-spinor goldstino model turns out to be a non-linear generalization of the three-dimensional Rarita-Schwinger action. In contrast to the vector Goldstone case, this non-linear model retains the gauge symmetry of the Rarita-Schwinger action and eventually reduces to the latter by a non-linear field redefinition. We thus find that the free Rarita-Schwinger action is invariant under a hidden rigid super-symmetry generated by fermionic vector-spinor operators and acting non-linearly on the Rarita-Schwinger goldstino.
Sleep, low self‐control, and deviance: Direct and indirect links across immigrant groups and socioeconomic strata
Authors: Vazsonyi Alexander T. , Ksinan Jiskrova Gabriela , Ksinan Albert J. 
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACTSleep functioning is concurrently and longitudinally associated with norm‐violating behaviors; however, the specific correlates contributing to these links remain unknown. Moreover, despite known mean‐level differences in sleep functioning across immigrant and non‐immigrant youth as well as socioeconomic strata, it is largely unknown whether links between sleep and norm‐violating behaviors vary across groups. The current study tested the direct effects of sleep problems and sleep quantity on measures of deviance, as well as the indirect links via low self‐control. It also tested moderating effects by immigrant and SES groups, indicated by parental education, on the associations and mean‐level differences in sleep functioning. Results from structural equation models based on cross‐sectional data from a national probability sample of Swiss adolescents (N = 6,866) provided evidence of both direct as well as indirect links between sleep and deviance, via low self‐control. Despite mean‐level differences, the tested links were invariant across immigrant and SES groups, with one modest exception in the magnitude of effect.
TEMPORARY MARRIAGE: A COMPARISON OF THE JEWISH AND ISLAMIC CONCEPTIONS
Authors: Margalit Yehezkel 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe Jewish marriage differs from the Catholic Christian marriage, which is an institution surrounded by the halo of a holy sacrament that cannot be nullified. It also differs from the Islamic marriage, which is closer to a legal agreement than to a sacrament, wherein the husband alone may annul the marriage, either unilaterally or by mutual consent. This is especially true of the Shi'ite marriage—themuta—which may be annulled without any divorce proceedings at a predetermined date. In this article, I present a little-known possible halakhic stipulation: temporary marriage. I consider its roots and the different applications in Talmudic sources. An example of the Babylonian application of this conditional marriage is the cry by important Babylonianamoraim, “Who will be mine for a day?” In this unique case, some of the halakhic authorities rule that there is no necessity for agetin order to terminate the marriage. I consider the early halakhic rulings on these cases and the modern version of this stipulation, which was also rejected by modern halakhic authorities. I also offer a comparative study of a possible parallel to the marriage for a predetermined period, the Shi'ite temporary marriage, which is intentionally restricted to an agreed period of time and does not require divorce to annul it. I conclude my discussion by revealing the possible common roots for the Jewish temporary marriage and the Shi'ite temporary marriage in ancient Persian law.
Occurrence of Contracaecum bancrofti larvae in fish in the Murray–Darling Basin
Authors: Shamsi S. , Stoddart A. , Smales L. , Wassens S. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThere is a paucity of information on the diversity and occurrence of freshwater fish parasites in Australia. This study investigates the distribution and occurrence of a parasitic nematode of the genusContracaecumin freshwater fish from south-eastern Australia. Fish (n= 508) belonging to nine species and eight families were collected from eight wetlands associated with the Murrumbidgee River floodplain in the southern Murray–Darling Basin and subjected to laboratory examination. Third-stage nematode larvae were found in eight of the nine fish species. The exception was the fly-specked hardeyhead (Craterocephalus stercusmuscarum), although only one specimen of this species was examined. Nematode larvae were identified asContracaecum bancroftiusing a combined morphological and molecular approach. The parasite was most prevalent in weather loach (Misgurnus anguillicaudatus; 34.8%) and Australian smelt (Retropinna semoni; 21.4%), followed by carp (Cyprinus carpio; 9.5%), of which the former and latter are non-native species.Contracaecumprevalence differed between locations, with Two Bridges having the highest number of infected fish. This may be due to the higher number of suitable host species collected at these localities.Contracaecumspp. are parasites with low host specificity that have also been reported in Australian marine fish, humans and piscivorous birds. The high parasite prevalence in the two abundant non-native fish species in the region suggests that they act as a suitable host for this endemic parasite, resulting in the increase in the parasite population. It would be interesting to study host–parasite interactions in this area, especially if introduced fish populations declined dramatically in the attempt to eradicate them or control their population.