bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preparation and characterization of a new open‐tubular capillary column for enantioseparation by capillary electrochromatography
Authors: Li Yingjie , Tang Yimin , Qin Shili , Li Xue , Dai Qiang , Gao Lidi 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIn order to use the enantioseparation capability of cationic cyclodextrin and to combine the advantages of capillary electrochromatography (CEC) with open‐tubular (OT) column, in this study, a new OT‐CEC, coated with cationic cyclodextrin (1‐allylimidazolium‐β‐cyclodextrin [AI‐β‐CD]) as chiral stationary phase (CSP), was prepared and applied for enantioseparation. Synthesized AI‐β‐CD was characterized by infrared (IR) spectrometry and mass spectrometry (MS). The preparation conditions for the AI‐β‐CD‐coated column were optimized with the orthogonal experiment design L9(34). The column prepared was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and elemental analysis (EA). The results showed that the thickness of stationary phase in the inner surface of the AI‐β‐CD‐coated columns was about 0.2 to 0.5 μm. The AI‐β‐CD content in stationary phase based on the EA was approximately 2.77 mmol·m−2. The AI‐β‐CD‐coated columns could separate all 14 chiral compounds (histidine, lysine, arginine, glutamate, aspartic acid, cysteine, serine, valine, isoleucine, phenylalanine, salbutamol, atenolol, ibuprofen, and napropamide) successfully in the study and exhibit excellent reproducibility and stability. We propose that the column, coated with AI‐β‐CD, has a great potential for enantioseparation in OT‐CEC.
New Cyclams and Their Copper(II) and Iron(III) Complexes: Synthesis and Potential Application as Anticancer Agents
Authors: Pilon Adhan , Lorenzo Julia , Rodriguez‐Calado Sergi , Adão Pedro , Martins Ana M. , Valente Andreia , Alves Luis G. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractNew cyclam derivatives (HOCH2CH2CH2)2(PhCH2)2Cyclam and (HOCH2CH2CH2)2(
PhCH2)2Cyclam, as well as their CuII and FeIII complexes, were synthesized and characterized and their stability in cellular media was assessed. The cytotoxic effect of all compounds was examined on human cervical cancer (HeLa) cells, revealing strong anticancer activity. After 24 h, only complexes with the (HOCH2CH2CH2)2(
PhCH2)2Cyclam ligand are cytotoxic, whereas after incubation for 72 h all compounds show significant antiproliferative effects. Notably, compounds containing
PhCH2 pendant arms on the cyclam ring revealed the most activity, with cytotoxicity values up to 12 times higher than those of cisplatin. All metal complexes seem to induce cell death through the formation of reactive oxygen species.
The role of autologous stem cell transplantation in patients with nodal peripheral T‐cell lymphomas in first complete remission: Report from COMPLETE, a prospective, multicenter cohort study
Authors: Park Steven I. , Horwitz Steven M. , Foss Francine M. , Pinter‐Brown Lauren C. , Carson Kenneth R. , Rosen Steven T. , Pro Barbara , Hsi Eric D. , Federico Massimo , Gisselbrecht Christian , Schwartz Marc , Bellm Lisa A. , Acosta Mark , Advani Ranjana H. , Feldman Tatyana , Lechowicz Mary Jo , Smith Sonali M. , Lansigan Frederick , Tulpule Anil , Craig Michael D. , Greer John P. , Kahl Brad S. , Leach Joseph W. , Morganstein Neil , Casulo Carla , Shustov Andrei R. ,   for the COMPLETE Investigators
Published: January 2019

BackgroundThe role of autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) in the first complete remission (CR1) of peripheral T‐cell lymphomas (PTCLs) is not well defined. This study analyzed the impact of ASCT on the clinical outcomes of patients with newly diagnosed PTCL in CR1.MethodsPatients with newly diagnosed, histologically confirmed, aggressive PTCL were prospectively enrolled into the Comprehensive Oncology Measures for Peripheral T‐Cell Lymphoma Treatment (COMPLETE) study, and those in CR1 were included in this analysis.ResultsTwo hundred thirteen patients with PTCL achieved CR1, and 119 patients with nodal PTCL, defined as anaplastic lymphoma kinase–negative anaplastic large cell lymphoma, angioimmunoblastic T‐cell lymphoma (AITL), or PTCL not otherwise specified, were identified. Eighty‐three patients did not undergo ASCT, whereas 36 underwent consolidative ASCT in CR1. At the median follow‐up of 2.8 years, the median overall survival was not reached for the entire cohort of patients who underwent ASCT, whereas it was 57.6 months for those not receiving ASCT (P = .06). ASCT was associated with superior survival for patients with advanced‐stage disease or intermediate‐to‐high International Prognostic Index scores. ASCT significantly improved overall and progression‐free survival for patients with AITL but not for patients with other PTCL subtypes. In a multivariable analysis, ASCT was independently associated with improved survival (hazard ratio, 0.37; 95% confidence interval, 0.15‐0.89).ConclusionsThis is the first large prospective cohort study directly comparing the survival outcomes of patients with nodal PTCL in CR1 with or without consolidative ASCT. ASCT may provide a benefit in specific clinical scenarios, but the broader applicability of this strategy should be determined in prospective, randomized trials. These results provide a platform for designing future studies of previously untreated PTCL.
A randomized trial of immediate versus delayed survivorship care plan receipt on patient satisfaction and knowledge of diagnosis and treatment
Authors: Tevaarwerk Amye J. , Hocking William G. , Buhr Kevin A. , Gribble Mindy , Seaborne Lori A. , Wisinski Kari B. , Burkard Mark E. , Yen Thomas , Wiegmann Douglas A. , Sesto Mary E. 
Published: January 2019

BackgroundSurvivorship care plans (SCPs) and care‐planning sessions have been recommended for over a decade, yet evidence for their benefit remains mixed. In a randomized trial, changes in survivor knowledge and satisfaction before and after the receipt of an SCP were assessed.MethodsPatients with breast cancer who had completed curative‐intent treatment were randomized to immediate versus delayed receipt of an individualized SCP. All participants completed the modified Wisconsin Survey of Cancer Diagnosis and Management in Breast Cancer and the Preparing for Life As a New Survivor survey to assess individual knowledge about cancer diagnosis, treatment, side effects, and follow‐up as well as satisfaction with communication and care coordination. Surveys were completed at baseline, at 4 weeks (before delayed receipt), and again at 12 weeks (after all participants had received SCPs); the primary outcome was change in knowledge at 4 weeks.ResultsIn total, 127 eligible women were randomized. An improvement in individual knowledge was observed between baseline and week 12 for both arms combined (+1.6; 95% confidence interval, 0.9‐2.3; P < .001). There was no statistically significant difference in the change in knowledge from baseline through week 4 between the arms. No significant change occurred for satisfaction scores over time.ConclusionsThis randomized trial of immediate versus delayed SCP receipt demonstrated a small improvement (4%) in survivor knowledge. However, this improvement did not appear to be related to SCP provision. The authors hypothesized that the improvement was because of repeated administration of the knowledge survey. If improved survivor knowledge is a goal, then strategies beyond the 1‐time provision and review of an SCP should be explored.
Accurate Monte Carlo simulation of frequency‐domain optical coherence tomography
Authors: Wang Yan , Bai Li 
Published: January 2019

AbstractOptical coherence tomography (OCT) relies on optical interferometry to provide noninvasive imaging of living tissues. In addition to its 3D imaging capacity for medical diagnosis, its potential use for recovering optical parameters of biological tissues for biological and pathological analyses has also been explored by researchers, as pathological changes in tissue alter the microstructure of the tissue and therefore its optical properties. We aim to develop a new approach to OCT data analysis by estimating optical properties of tissues from OCT scans, which are invisible in the scans. This is an inverse problem. Solving an inverse problem involves a forward modeling step to simulate OCT scans of the tissues with hypothesized optical parameter values and an inverse step to estimate the real optical par1meters values by matching the simulated scans to real scans. In this paper, we present a Monte Carlo (MC)–based approach for simulating the frequency‐domain OCT. We incorporated a focusing Gaussian light beam rather than an infinitesimally thin light beam for accurate simulations. A new and more accurate photon detection scheme is also implemented. We compare our MC model to an analytical OCT model based on the extended Huygens‐Fresnel principle (EHF) to demonstrate the consistency between the two models. We show that the two models are in good agreement for tissues with high scattering and high anisotropy factors.
Fluorescent Canthin‐6‐one Alkaloids from Simaba bahiensis: Isolation, Identification, and Cell‐Labeling Properties
Authors: dos Santos Costa Rafael , do Espírito‐Santo Renan Fernandes , Abreu Lucas Silva , de Oliveira Aguiar Leonardo , Leite Fontes Dara , Fechine Tavares Josean , Sobral da Silva Marcelo , Botelho Pereira Soares Milena , da Silva Velozo Eudes , Flora Villarreal Cristiane 
Published: January 2019

AbstractCanthin‐6‐one alkaloids, which are present in plants of the genus Simaba, are natural compounds that are capable of acting as fluorescent probes. However, the chemical composition and fluorescent properties of most species of this genus have not been analyzed. The objective of this study was to characterize the fluorescent properties of an extract of S. bahiensis and identify the chemical entities responsible for these properties. In addition, the cell‐labeling properties of the fluorescent dye from A and of the isolated compounds were characterized by confocal fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry. One quassinoid and three fluorescent alkaloids were isolated from S. bahiensis, all compounds were identified by using NMR spectroscopy and high‐resolution mass spectrometry. Staining experiments and HPLC‐FL analysis shown that canthin‐6‐one alkaloids are the main green fluorescent compounds in the analyzed dyes. All compounds evaluated showed a cytoplasmic marker with a residence time of 24 h. The present study is the first to describe the presence of canthin‐6‐one alkaloids in S. bahiensis, in addition to demonstrating promising cell‐labeling properties of fluorescent compounds from S. bahiensis with broad emission wavelengths.
Leather‐Promoted Transformation of Glucose into 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural and Levoglucosenone
Authors: Bobbink Felix D. , Huang Zhangjun , Menoud Florent , Dyson Paul J. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe search for efficient catalysts frequently leads to new homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts of increasing complexity, and sometimes common, natural, or hybrid natural/synthetic materials that could be used in catalysis are overlooked. For example, the leather industry has produced robust Cr‐containing materials for centuries by chemical treatment of animal hides with chromium salts. Herein, the use of chromium‐tanned leather as a heterogeneous catalyst for glucose dehydration to 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (5‐HMF) and levoglucosenone (LGO) is reported. Four pieces of waste leather were obtained from shoe soles and a belt, characterized by a range of techniques including FTIR spectroscopy, SEM, BET surface area measurements, XRD, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and their catalytic activity was evaluated. The activity of the scrap leather pieces compares favorably to those of many recently reported catalysts for the preparation of 5‐HMF, but additionally results in significant quantities of LGO. Overall, the results demonstrate that waste leather is an outstanding material for use in catalysis.
Assembly of Ultra‐Thin NiO Layer Over Zn1−xCdxS for Stable Visible‐Light Photocatalytic Overall Water Splitting
Authors: Ning Xiaofeng , Zhen Wenlong , Zhang Xuqiang , Lu Gongxuan 
Published: January 2019

AbstractPhotocatalytic splitting of water into hydrogen and oxygen by using visible light is considered to be a clean, green, and renewable route for solar energy conversion and storage. Although the Zn1−xCdxS catalysts show comparatively higher activity for photocatalytic hydrogen generation under visible‐light irradiation, they suffer from serious photocorrosion during the photocatalytic reaction. The deposition of a protective layer over the Zn1−xCdxS catalysts is believed to be an effective way to inhibit photocorrosion. However, only a few materials exhibit satisfactory catalytic properties for hydrogen evolution as well as a good protection ability. In this work, a new Zn1−xCdxS photocatalyst was developed for water splitting under visible‐light illumination by assembling an ultrathin NiO layer over Zn0.8Cd0.2S through an in situ photodeposition method. The as‐prepared NiO/Zn0.8Cd0.2S showed significantly higher activity for overall water splitting compared with Pt/Zn0.8Cd0.2S under the same conditions without photocorrosion. An apparent quantum efficiency of 0.66 % was achieved for hydrogen evolution at 430 nm with an accomplished multicycle stability for up to 12 h without any significant decay. The strong electronic coupling between the NiO layer and Zn1−xCdxS also promoted efficient charge separation and migration.
Demography of evergreen and deciduous oaks in a mixed oak savanna: insights from a long‐term experiment
Authors: Davis Frank W. , Tyler Claudia M. , Mahall Bruce E. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe co‐existence of evergreen and deciduous oaks in Mediterranean‐climate savannas has motivated comparative studies on species’ physiological adaptations to light and drought, establishment niche differences in acorn production, dispersal and seedling herbivory, and differential sapling tolerance of ungulate browsing. Understanding how species’ differences collectively affect co‐occurrence or segregation requires long‐term studies that consider multiple life stages. We compare survival, height growth, and modeled population growth rate of the evergreen sclerophyll, Quercus agrifolia, to those of the winter‐deciduous, broadleaved Q. lobata in southern California savanna sites where the species naturally co‐occur. We evaluate species’ performances after 8.7 yr for four cohorts sown as acorns in 1997, 1998, 2000, and 2001 under four different levels of protection from cattle, deer, and rodents. Survival curves for the two species were closely similar, with large differences between cohorts associated with precipitation in the year acorns were sown. Survival and growth rates of Q. agrifolia seedlings and saplings were slightly lower, and were more reduced by ungulates and rodents, than those of Q. lobata. No Q. agrifolia plants (0/1431) exposed to ungulates (cattle and/or deer) and rodents survived to the end of the experiment. Of 1421 Q. lobata acorns planted in these treatments, only 19 plants (1.3%) survived 8.7 yr and none of these plants progressed out of the ungulate browse layer. However, when protected from both ungulates and rodents, survival rates increased significantly for both species, and Q. agrifolia increased height faster than Q. lobata. Simulated population growth rates increased slightly for plants protected from ungulates, and 95% confidence intervals spanned the stable population growth rate of 1. With exclusion of ungulates and rodents, sapling and small tree recruitment rates for both species far exceeded those needed to offset the rate of recent adult mortality, with modeled population growth rates of 1.07–1.11. Our results underscore the essential role of occasional high rainfall years for initial establishment, plus the key role of consumers in limiting early survival and growth of both evergreen and deciduous oaks in mixed oak savannas.
Characterization of Olive Oils from Superintensive Crops with Different Ripening Degree, Irrigation Management, and Cultivar: (Arbequina, Koroneiki, and Arbosana)
Authors: Vidal Alfonso M. , Alcalá Sonia , de Torres Antonia , Moya Manuel , Espínola Francisco 
Published: January 2019

Olive fruit maturation depends directly on the moment of olive harvest. In addition, the composition of extra virgin olive oil changes depending on the ripening degree of the fruit harvested. Likewise, using different olive cultivars in the extraction, the olive oil obtained has different quality and composition. Superintensive crops own special characteristics such as more trees per hectare than traditional crops. This improves the production of olives by surface; being superintensive more profitable than the traditional cultivar. Three different olive cultivars: Arbequina, Koroneiki, and Arbosana, and from superintensive crops with different irrigation management are used for the extraction. Olive oils are extracted at the laboratory with the Abencor system. Monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) content is increased by increasing the maturity index. The highest content of phenolic compounds is obtained from rainfed Koroneiki, with approximately 1 g kg−1. The maximum quantity of total lipoxygenase pathway volatile compounds is 28 mg kg−1, obtained in irrigated Arbequina olives. According to the results obtained, the optimum time of harvest is with a maturity index of approximately 2, when the content of oil, phenols, and MUFA reach their maximum. In addition, higher contents of minor components are obtained for rainfed than irrigated crops.Practical Applications: Determining the optimal stage for harvest the fruit of the olive tree is the main practical application or potential use. Additionally, to predict, approximately, the composition of an olive oil that may have according to some agronomic factors, such as the cultivar used, irrigation management, or the stage of maturation of the olive fruit.Different ripening degrees of the olive fruit, with different irrigation management and with different cultivar of olive trees, from superintensive crops are used to produce an extra virgin olive oil.
Indirect genetic effects clarify how traits can evolve even when fitness does not
Authors: Fisher David N. , McAdam Andrew G. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThere are many situations in nature where we expect traits to evolve but not necessarily for mean fitness to increase. However, these scenarios are hard to reconcile simultaneously with Fisher's fundamental theorem of natural selection (FTNS) and the Price identity (PI). The consideration of indirect genetic effects (IGEs) on fitness reconciles these fundamental theorems with the observation that traits sometimes evolve without any adaptation by explicitly considering the correlated evolution of the social environment, which is a form of transmission bias. Although environmental change is often assumed to be absent when using the PI, here we show that explicitly considering IGEs as change in the social environment with implications for fitness has several benefits: (1) it makes clear how traits can evolve while mean fitness remains stationary, (2) it reconciles the FTNS with the evolution of maladaptation, (3) it explicitly includes density-dependent fitness through negative social effects that depend on the number of interacting conspecifics, and (4) it allows mean fitness to evolve even when direct genetic variance in fitness is zero, if related individuals interact and/or if there is multilevel selection. In summary, considering fitness in the context of IGEs aligns important theorems of natural selection with many situations observed in nature and provides a useful lens through which we might better understand evolution and adaptation.
Effects of ammonium polyphosphate and triphenyl phosphate on the flame retardancy, thermal, and mechanical properties of glass fiber–reinforced PLA/PC composites
Authors: Hazer Seda , Coban Meral , Aytac Ayse 
Published: January 2019

SummaryThe purpose of this study is to increase of the flammability properties of the glass fiber (GF)–reinforced poly (lactic acid)/polycarbonate (PLA/PC) composites. Ammonium polyphosphate (APP) and triphenyl phosphate (TPP) were used as flame retardants that are including the organic phosphor to increase flame retardancy of GF‐reinforced composites. APP, TPP, and APP‐TPP mixture flame retardant including composites were prepared by using extrusion and injection molding methods. The properties of the composites were determined by the tensile test, limiting oxygen index (LOI), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and heat release rate (HRR) test. The minimum Tg value was observed for the TPP including PLA/PC composites in DSC analysis. The highest tensile strength was observed in GF‐reinforced PLA/PC composites. In the LOI test, GF including composite was burned with the lowest concentration of oxygen, and burning time was the longest of this composite. However, the shortest burning time was obtained by using the mixture flame retardant system. The flame retardancy properties of GF‐reinforced PLA/PC composite was improved by using mixture flame retardant. When analyzed the results of HRR, time to ignition (TTI), and mass loss rate together, the best value was obtained for the composite including APP.
Sturgeon and Paddlefish Migration: Evidence to Support the Need for Interjurisdictional Management
Authors: Tripp Sara J , Phelps Quinton E , Hupfeld Ryan N , Herzog David P , Ostendorf David E , Moore Travis L , Brooks Ron C , Garvey James E 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Paddlefish Polyodon spathula and three sturgeon species are present in the upper Mississippi River; of these four species, two are commercially and recreationally important (Paddlefish and Shovelnose Sturgeon Scaphirhynchus platorynchus), and two are protected under federal or state endangered species laws (Pallid Sturgeon S. albus and Lake Sturgeon Acipenser fulvescens). Before management strategies can be implemented, quantification of movement patterns is necessary to determine the appropriate spatial scale for management. To increase the available relevant information, we investigated broad-scale movement patterns of the above species in the upper Mississippi River by using telemetry. All four species were capable of long-range (&gt;300-km) movements, and these movements were cued by the changing river stages and water temperature. Ultimately, our data suggest that sturgeon and Paddlefish movement patterns are highly variable, with fish moving freely among rivers (e.g., the Mississippi, Missouri, Illinois, Ohio, and Des Moines rivers) across many political boundaries and encompassing multiple regulatory agencies. This migratory nature can lead to portions of the population being subject to harvest in multiple management units, affecting population dynamics, biology, harvest, and management/recovery in both the natal area and in the harvest areas. To effectively manage or recover these highly mobile fish populations, interjurisdictional collaboration will be necessary.