bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk of Cancer Diagnosis in Patients With Eosinophilic Esophagitis Using a Nationwide Swedish Population Cohort
Authors: Uchida Amiko M. , Schuman Sophia S. , Pyne Ashley , Peterson Kathryn , Carlson Marie , Garber John J. , Roelstraete Bjorn , Ludvigsson Jonas F. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundEosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic, inflammatory disease of the esophagus. Chronic inflammation has been linked to cancer development. We aimed to study the potential association between EoE and later cancer diagnosis.MethodsIn this nationwide population‐based cohort study, we identified 1580 individuals with EoE diagnosed between 1990–2017 through Sweden's 28 pathology departments. Up to five general population reference individuals were matched on age and sex (n = 7533). A Cox regression analysis estimated adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) for cancer up until December 31, 2020. To reduce potential intrafamilial confounding, we also compared EoE individuals with their unaffected siblings.ResultsDuring a median follow‐up of 7 years, 47 individuals with EoE (3.9/1000 person‐years) developed cancer versus 183 (3.2/1000 person‐years) reference individuals. This corresponded to a non‐significant aHR of 1.11 (95% CI = 0.80–1.53). Incidence rates were independent of budesonide and proton‐pump inhibitor use. Individuals with EoE however did have an increased risk of esophageal cancer where two EoE versus one reference individual were diagnosed (aHR = 25.20; 95% CI = 2.28–278.80), and also Barrett's esophagus risk was also increased in EoE (HR = 18.18; 95% CI = 6.75–48.95). Non‐esophageal gastrointestinal (GI) cancer occurred in 11 EoE versus 24 reference individuals: aHR = 2.03 (95% CI = 0.99–4.18). We found no increased risk of cancers from the skin (EoE n = 10), lung (n = 0), breast (n = 4), or blood (n = 0). Sibling analyses supported these findings.ConclusionWe did not find any overall association between EoE and cancer development. EoE was associated with esophageal cancer, but this was very rare with wide confidence interval and few cases therefore we urge caution with generalization of these findings.
A Study of Civil Society Elites in Europe
Authors: Santilli Cecilia , Scaramuzzino Roberto 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis chapter provides an in-depth exploration of the methodologies and data utilised in our comparative study of civil society elites across Europe, with a particular emphasis on Italy. The study incorporates data from 133 respondents in Italy, supplemented by comparative data from Sweden (308 respondents), the UK (123 respondents), and the EU level (158 respondents) to offer a broader context. It begins by mapping elite organisations and their leaders, identifying and categorising resource-rich civil society organisations and their leaders. Following this, it details an online survey conducted in the spring of 2021, which captures various aspects of the composition, reproduction, integration, and contestation of civil society elites. The analysis and discussion of the survey data highlight significant findings and trends that shed light on the dynamics of civil society elites across different European contexts. Additionally, supplementary interview data from Italian civil society leaders illustrates specific phenomena such as career paths, professionalisation, and the unique challenges they face. With these methodological approaches and empirical findings, the chapter contributes to a comprehensive understanding of civil society elites in Europe and offers valuable insights into their roles, influence, and the broader socio-political landscape within which they operate.
Perceptions, facilitators, and barriers of participation for a behavioral weight loss group-based telehealth program for breast cancer survivors: a qualitative study
Authors: Liu Yangzi , De Jesus Elizabeth , Goldbach Macy , Krouse Robert S. , Guerra Carmen E. , Rendle Katharine A. , Cadet Tamara J. , Allison Kelly C. , Tchou Julia 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Results from the pilot Group-basEd Telehealth behavioral Weight Loss (GET-WEL) Program (NCT04855552) showed that fewer Black breast cancer survivors (BCS) enrolled than White BCS. Black participants also lost less weight than White participants. Little is known about mitigating factors or how best to implement such programs equitably. In this study, we explored facilitators and barriers in Black and White BCS who did or did not participate in GET-WEL.

Methods
BCS who are overweight or obese (body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m2) and who had previously been assessed for their willingness to participate in GET-WEL were invited to participate in a semi-structured telephone interview conducted from June to August 2023. Interviewees were purposefully sampled from those who did (participants) and did not (non-participants) enroll in GET-WEL. Interviews were coded and analyzed via comparative thematic analysis.

Results
Of the 24 interviewees, 9 (8 White, 1 Black) were GET-WEL participants, and 15 (8 White, 6 Black, 1 Asian) were non-participants. There were no thematic differences between Black and White BCS. Most non-participants lacked awareness that the Program was recruiting. Program accountability, session flexibility, and pre-existing exercise routines emerged as facilitators while inability to identify enjoyable physical activities, difficulty accessing healthy foods, and competing work/life priorities emerged as barriers.

Conclusion
Our results suggest that enhancing Program awareness and outreach may increase enrollment in minoritized BCS. Resources providing healthy foods and support to ease competing work/life priorities may help BCS maintain healthy lifestyles during and after GET-WEL. These results may help inform future large-scale GET-WEL implementation.
Correlation between inflammatory markers and enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) failure in laparoscopic colectomy
Authors: Song Ji Hyeong , Shin Yoonsoo , Lee Kyung Ha , Kim Ji Yeon , Kim Jin Soo 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate inflammatory markers to identify patients at risk of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) failure following laparoscopic colectomy.

Methods
We included patients who underwent laparoscopic colectomy between September 2020 and February 2023. ERAS failure was defined as intolerance of a soft diet on postoperative day (POD) 2, postoperative stay > 7 days, or readmission within 30 days postoperatively. Inflammatory markers were analyzed immediately postoperatively and on POD 1 and 3. All patients were subjected to the ERAS protocol and divided into success and failure groups.

Results
Data from 402 patients (success, 330; failure, 72) were analyzed. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (p < 0.001), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (p = 0.004), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (p = 0.041), and C-reactive protein-to-albumin ratio (CAR; p < 0.001) were elevated in the failure group on POD 3. The immediate postoperative CAR was higher in the failure group (p = 0.045). ERAS failure occurred more frequently in patients with body mass index < 20 (p < 0.001), right colon tumors (p = 0.012), and longer operative time (p < 0.001).

Conclusions
This study demonstrated that inflammatory markers are associated with ERAS failure. Among the inflammatory markers, CAR might be the most potent indicator of ERAS failure following laparoscopic colectomy.
The relevance of combined testing of cerebrospinal fluid glial fibrillary acidic protein and ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase L1 in multiple sclerosis and peripheral neuropathy
Authors: Csecsei Peter , Acs Peter , Gottschal Marianna , Imre Piroska , Miklos Egon , Simon Diana , Erdo-Bonyar Szabina , Berki Timea , Zavori Laszlo , Varnai Reka 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Introduction
This study investigates the significance of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCHL-1) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and peripheral neuropathy (PN).

Methods
We included 41 MS patients, 35 PN patients, and 36 controls across 5 sites. MS patient data included lesion counts, disease activity, albumin quotient, and Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) scores. PN patients included those with acute and chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy and sensorimotor neuropathy based on nerve conduction studies. CSF concentrations of GFAP and UCHL-1 were measured using the MILLIPLEX Map Human Neuroscience Magnetic Bead Panel 1.

Results
Both GFAP and UCHL-1 levels were significantly higher in the two patient groups compared to controls. In the MS group, GFAP showed a strong correlation with disease duration, EDSS score, non-enhancing lesions, and the CSF/blood albumin quotient. UCHL-1 levels were significantly higher in patients with active disease (gadolinium-enhancing lesions). The combination of UCHL-1 and GFAP improved diagnostic accuracy (AUC 0.895, 95% CI 0.780-1.000) compared to the independent measurement of either marker for indicating Gd-negative lesions. In the PN group, CSF GFAP levels were significantly lower in patients with purely demyelinating neuropathy compared to those with axonal or mixed neuropathy.

Conclusion
GFAP serves as a sensitive marker for axonal damage in PN, while UCHL-1 closely correlates with disease activity in MS patients.
Evaluation of seismic demands for adjacent irregular buildings with transverse alignment eccentricity
Authors: Raheem Shehata E. Abdel , Youssry Ahmed , Soghier Mahmoud H. , Fooly Mohammed Y. M. , Gamal Yasser A. S. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Seismic pounding occurs when adjacent buildings lack adequate spacing, exacerbated by Alignment eccentricity and horizontal irregularities of adjacent buildings. The seismic lateral oscillation of adjacent irregular buildings promotes a torsional response under earthquake excitation, moreover, the gap distances recommended in the regulations to prevent collisions are generally insufficient due to the pounding behavior complicated by irregularity of adjacent buildings. Hence, this research aims to evaluate the eccentric pounding effects on seismic response demands for adjacent irregular buildings with transverse alignment eccentricity. The displacement, inter-story drift, story shear force, and torsional rotation responses are investigated and compared for different levels of irregularity. Results findings reveal that increasing alignment eccentricity of adjacent buildings leads to greater lateral displacements in the rebound direction, reduced displacements in the impact direction, and increased torsional rotation of the buildings, consequently, promote eccentric pounding, higher eccentricity leads to greater horizontal floor displacements and twisting motions, which increases the chances of adjacent floors colliding.
Pre-service teacher professional education program (PPG) and Indonesian science teachers' TPACK development: A career-path comparative study
Authors: Chang Chiung-Fang , Annisa Nurul , Chen Ken-Zen 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis study examined the impact of the Indonesian pre-service teacher professional education program (PPG) on pre-service science teachers' technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK) competencies. As a government-directed initiative, the PPG program's curriculum is aligned with TPACK principles. We conducted a comparative analysis involving 311 teachers divided into four groups: pre-service PPG science teachers, pre-service science teachers not enrolled in PPG, in-service science teachers with less than two years of experience, and those with more than two years of experience. ANOVA results revealed a significant positive effect of the PPG program on TPACK scores, except when comparing non-PPG pre-service teachers to in-service teachers with less than two years of experience. Pre-service PPG teachers demonstrated greater confidence in technology-related TPACK components. In contrast, in-service teachers with over two years of experience exhibited higher overall TPACK scores, particularly in pedagogical knowledge, content knowledge, and pedagogical content knowledge. These findings highlight the effectiveness of government-sponsored teacher training in enhancing TPACK while recognizing the valuable expertise that experienced teachers bring to their practice. The study suggests a need for resource allocation and training strategies that incorporate the strengths of both pre-service and experienced educators to foster a more comprehensive approach to teacher development.
A calibration method for projecting future extremes via a linear mapping of parameters
Authors: Lee Jeongjin , Cooley Daniel , Wagner Anna M. , Liston Glen E. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn order to study potential impacts arising from climate change, future projections of numerical model output often must be calibrated to be comparable to observations. Rather than calibrating the data values themselves, we propose a novel statistical calibration method for extremes that assumes there exists a linear relationship between parameters associated with model output and parameters associated with observations. This approach allows us to capture uncertainty in both parameter estimates and the linear calibration, which we achieve via bootstrap. To focus on extreme behavior, we assume both model output and observations have distributions composed of a mixture model combining a Weibull distribution with a generalized Pareto distribution for the tail. A simulation study shows good coverage rates. We apply the method to project future daily-averaged river runoff at the Purgatoire River in southeastern Colorado.
Habitat management interventions for a specialist mid- successional grassland butterfly, the Lulworth Skipper
Authors: Jones Rachel , Wilson Robert , Maclean Ilya , Bourn Nigel 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Evidence-based management is needed to reverse declines in insect abundance. The Lulworth Skipper Thymelicus acteon is a range-restricted and declining species in the UK and northern Europe associated with mid-successional grassland, which presents management challenges because interventions are necessary to prevent long-term habitat deterioration but can result in short-term reductions in quality. In addition, site management should be compatible for the focal species and for wider plant and insect diversity. We conducted factorial experimental management trials to understand effects of cutting and rotovation on the height and structure of vegetation containing the larval host plant Tor-grass Brachypodium rupestre. We monitored vegetation height, B. rupestre cover and plant diversity, and T. acteon larval presence over four years. Rotovation and cutting differed in their effects on habitat structure and larval occupancy relative to controls. Vegetation height and host plant cover, the most important components of habitat quality for T. acteon, were faster to recover to suitable levels on cut plots. However, larval occupancy increased more quickly on rotovated plots, where plant species diversity was also higher. Results suggest that due to initial negative impacts of interventions on T. acteon occupancy, low frequency or low-intensity management, such as managing sections of a site every three years, is advisable. Our results show that rotovation or cutting the sward can be suitable for mid-successional grassland species such as Lulworth Skipper on sites where grazing might be problematic. Rotational grazing or rotovation can maintain suitable conditions for habitat specialist insects requiring a range of different grassland conditions, serving wider conservation goals.
Manufacturing process energy consumption modeling: a methodology to identify the most appropriate model
Authors: Ekwaro-Osire Henry , Bode Dennis , Ohlendorf Jan-Hendrik , Thoben Klaus-Dieter 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis paper investigates the appropriateness of machine learning (ML) and other techniques for modeling manufacturing processes energy consumption by developing a comparison methodology. Three research questions are posed: Firstly, how do prediction errors compare using different techniques with varying complexity and ML use? Secondly, how does performance vary with different amounts of data? Thirdly, how do different techniques compare in terms of required expertise, effort to build and interpretability of results? To answer these questions, the authors develop a structured approach, which is also envisioned to be useable by practicing engineers and manufacturers. Four modeling categories are defined, ranging from simple non-ML methods, such as linear regression, to complex ML methods, such as deep neural networks. The approach is evaluated using data from a compound feed manufacturing process. The results confirm the notion that non-ML models are better suited to understand and model manufacturing processes when few parameters are present, due to their high interpretability, while ML models are recommended for analyzing processes with many potentially relevant and interrelated parameters. Interestingly the approach finds that the complex ML category model does not outperform the simple ML category model in terms of prediction accuracy, and only has the drawback of requiring more expertise to build and having lower interpretability. The study concludes that the decision to use complex ML for modeling manufacturing process energy consumption should be critically questioned and that a simpler approach may be better suited, suggesting that the developed methodology would be of value to practicing engineers.
Seismic scenario simulation and ANN-based ground motion model development on the North Tabriz Fault in Northwest Iran
Authors: Temiz Caglar , Hussaini S. M. Sajad , Karimzadeh Shaghayegh , Askan Aysegul , Lourenço Paulo B. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractEarthquakes pose significant seismic hazards in urban regions, often causing extensive damage to the built environment. In regions lacking robust seismic monitoring networks or sufficient data from historical events, ground motion simulations are crucial for assessing potential earthquake impacts. Yet, validating these simulations is challenging, leading to notable predictive uncertainty. This study aims to simulate four scenario earthquakes with moment magnitudes of 6.8, 7.1, 7.4, and 7.7 in Iran, specifically investigating variations in fault plane rupture and earthquake hypocenter. The North Tabriz Fault (NTF), located within the seismic gap in northwest Iran, is selected as the case study due to the lack of well-recorded ground motions from severe earthquakes, despite historical evidence of large-magnitude events. Simulations are conducted using a stochastic finite-fault ground motion simulation methodology with a dynamic corner frequency. Validation of the simulations is performed by comparing estimated peak ground motions and pseudo-spectral ordinates with existing ground motion models (GMMs), supplemented by inter-period correlation analysis. Simulation results reveal high hazard levels, especially in the northeastern area near the fault plane. Intensity maps in terms of the Modified Mercalli Intensity (MMI) scale underscore the urgency for comprehensive preparedness measures. Finally, a region-specific GMM is developed using Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) to predict peak ground motion parameters with an online platform accessible to end-users.
Crossover detection based on variances of slope differences for multi-fractal detrended fluctuation analysis (MF-DFA)
Authors: Moreno-Pulido Soledad , de la Torre Juan Carlos , Ruiz Patricia , Pavón-Domínguez Pablo 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMulti-fractal detrended fluctuation analysis (MF-DFA) describes long-range correlations across scales in time series in terms of the linear fittings of the fluctuation functions $$F_q(s)$$

F
q

(
s
)

for every moment q considered. It is relatively common to find time scales, also called crossovers, where different linearities are found at each side of the $$F_q(s)$$

F
q

(
s
)

, leading to different (multi-)fractal properties. Generally, crossovers are manually identified by experts, subject then to their skills and possible bias. In this work, a novel methodology based on the variances of the slope differences (CDV-A) is proposed to automatically detect crossovers. A set of synthetic fluctuation functions with different mono-fractal and multi-fractal features, different noise levels and known crossovers is generated to assess the CDV-A. Moreover, the proposed methodology is also applied to state of the art fluctuation functions in order to compare the proposed manual and automated locations of the crossovers. Results show the proposed methodology is highly accurate, specially in low noise synthetic fluctuation functions and in most of the real cases.
Breaking away from family control? Collaboration among political organisations and social media endorsement among their constituents
Authors: Wagner Paul M. , Malkamäki Arttu , Ylä-Anttila Tuomas 
Published: November 2024

AbstractCoalitions that engage in political advocacy are constituted by organisations, which are made up of individuals and organisational subunits. Comparing the coalitions formed by organisations to the those formed by their constituent parts provides a means of examining the extent to which their coalition memberships are aligned. This paper applies inferential network clustering methods to survey data collected from organisations engaging in Irish climate change politics and to X (formerly twitter) data extracted from both the primary accounts of these organisations and the accounts of the individuals and subunits affiliated with them. Analysis of the survey-based organisation-level policy network finds evidence of an outsider coalition, formed by non-governmental organisations, labour unions and left-leaning political parties, and an insider coalition formed by the two main political parties in government, energy sector organisations, business and agricultural interests, scientific organisations, and government bodies. An analysis of the X-based account-level endorsement network finds evidence for a nested coalition structure wherein there are multiple distinct communities, which largely align with the organisation-level coalitions. Most interestingly, the largest and most active community is formed by accounts affiliated with the organisations with agricultural interests—the sector most opposed to ambitious climate action in Ireland. The results show how the somewhat disjoint behaviours of formal organisations and their affiliates give rise to nested coalitions, which can only be identified by disaggregating organisations by their constituent parts.