bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rapid maxillary expansion effects of nasal airway in children with cleft lip and palate using computational fluid dynamics
Authors: Iwasaki Tomonori , Yanagisawa‐Minami Ayaka , Suga Hokuto , Shirazawa Yoshito , Tsujii Toshiya , Yamamoto Yuushi , Ban Yuusuke , Sato‐Hashiguchi Makiko , Sato Hideo , Kanomi Ryuzo , Yamasaki Youichi 
Published: March 2019

Structured AbstractObjectivesRapid maxillary expansion (RME) improves nasal airway ventilation in non‐cleft palate children. Children with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) may have nasal obstruction and experience an increased risk of obstructive sleep apnoea. The effect of RME in UCLP children is unclear. This retrospective study evaluated RME‐induced changes in ventilation parameters in children with UCLP using computational fluid dynamics.Setting and Sample PopulationNineteen patients (10 boys, mean age 10.7 years) who required RME had cone‐beam computed tomography images taken before and after RME. Twenty control participants (11 boys, mean age 11.1 years) received regular orthodontic treatment.MethodsNasal airway ventilation parameters (air pressure, air velocity and airflow rate) were analysed via computational fluid dynamics, and nasal cross‐sectional area (CSA) was measured.ResultsMaximum pressure, velocity and nasal resistance were significantly reduced by RME in the UCLP group. Air flow rate and CSA on the cleft side significantly were increased by RME in the UCLP group.ConclusionsIn children with UCLP, increasing the quantity of airflow and CSA on the cleft side by RME substantially improved nasal ventilation.
Transplantation of dental pulp‐derived cell sheets cultured on human amniotic membrane induced to differentiate into bone
Authors: Takizawa Shigeta , Yamamoto Toshiro , Honjo Ken‐Ichi , Sato Yoshiki , Nakamura Koya , Yamamoto Kenta , Adachi Tetsuya , Uenishi Toshihiro , Oseko Fumishige , Amemiya Takeshi , Yamamoto Yoshiaki , Kumagai Wataru , Kita Masakazu , Kanamura Narisato 
Published: March 2019

AbstractObjectiveThe usefulness of the amniotic membrane as a cell culture substrate has led to its use in the development of dental pulp‐derived cell sheets. We induced osteoblastic differentiation of dental pulp‐derived cell sheets and conducted histological and immunological examinations in addition to imaging assessments for regeneration of bone defects.MethodsDental pulp cells were obtained by primary culture of the dental pulp tissue harvested from extracted wisdom teeth. These cells were maintained for three to four passages. Subsequently, the dental pulp cells were seeded onto an amniotic membrane to produce dental pulp‐derived cell sheets.Following the induction of osteoblastic differentiation, the sheets were grafted into the subcutaneous tissue of the lower back and maxillary bone defect of a nude mouse. Histological and immunological examinations of both grafts were performed.ResultsDental pulp‐derived cell sheets cultured on an osteoblast differentiation‐inducing medium demonstrated resemblance to dental pulp tissue and produced calcified tissue. Mineralization was maintained following grafting of the sheets. Regeneration of the maxillary bone defect was observed.ConclusionInduction of osteoblastic differentiation of the dental pulp‐derived cell sheets may be indicated for the regeneration of periodontal tissue.
Understanding “corruption” in regulatory agencies: The case of food inspection in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Al‐Mutairi Saad , Connerton Ian , Dingwall Robert 
Published: March 2019

AbstractCorruption is a relatively neglected topic in studies of regulatory agencies. The label is applied to a wide range of deviations from behavioral standards ultimately derived from Weber's account of the ideals of Prussian bureaucracy. This paper draws on a study of the work of Saudi Food Inspectors to argue that it is unhelpful to reduce a complex phenomenon to simple allegations of malpractice that can be managed by disciplinary sanctions. Our data show that irregular behavior by street‐level agents may be deeply embedded in the expectations that members of a society have of one another. It is less a matter of personal gain than of maintaining one's recognition as a fellow citizen. Such behavior is not easily changed through sanctions directed at individual inspectors. Our study does not exclude the possibility that irregular behavior can be motivated by personal gain, and properly managed by criminal or similar penalties. However, it does propose that research should be more sensitive to the contexts within which irregular behavior occurs rather than treating “corruption” as a uniform and homogenous phenomenon.
Explaining Nigeria’s Economic Growth: Balance of Payments Constrained Growth Approach With External and Internal Imbalances
Authors: Panshak Yohanna , Civcir Irfan , Ozdeser Hüseyin 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThis study employs a system estimator to examine the validity of balance of payment constrained growth model in the case of Nigeria. We modified a version of Thirlwall’s model developed by Soukiaziset al.(2014) to incorporate the role of foreign contents in growth process. The new version of the model improves significantly explaining the growth in Nigeria. The outcome of this study shows that imported intermediate and capital goods significantly contribute to manufacturing export and domestic investment growth. However, high reliance on the imports of intermediate goods constrains economic growth. World real income exerts significant effect on aggregate exports, similar arguments could not be established when the manufacturing export sector is considered in isolation. Our results reveal that economic growth in Nigeria is constrained by internal and external imbalances. The study recommends among others increasing the manufactured export share, efficient use of oil rents as well as containing budget deficit within acceptable threshold to position the economy on a viable growth path.
ACOUSTICAL STANDARDS NEWS
Authors: Mennigke Caryn , Struck Christopher J. 
Published: March 2019

American National Standards (ANSI Standards) developed by Accredited Standards Committees S1, S2, S3, S3/SC 1, and S12 in the areas of acoustics, mechanical vibration and shock, bioacoustics, animal bioacoustics, and noise, respectively, are published by the Acoustical Society of America (ASA). In addition to these standards, ASA publishes a catalog of Acoustical American National Standards. To receive a copy of the latest Standards catalog, please contact asastds@acousticalsociety.org.
Comments are welcomed on all material in Acoustical Standards News.
This Acoustical Standards News section in JASA, as well as the National Catalog of Acoustical Standards and other information on the Standards Program of the Acoustical Society of America, are available via the ASA home page: http://acousticalsociety.org.
Psychological Skills and Characteristics Facilitative of Youth Athletes’ Development: A Systematic Review
Authors: Dohme Lea-Cathrin , Piggott David , Backhouse Susan , Morgan Gareth 
Published: March 2019

Research has identified psychological skills and characteristics (PSCs) perceived to facilitate talented youth athletes’ development. However, no systematic categorization or synthesis of these PSCs exists to date. To provide such synthesis, this systematic review aimed to identify PSCs perceived as facilitative of talented youth athletes’ development, group and label synonymous PSCs, and categorize PSCs based on definitions established by Dohme, Backhouse, Piggott, and Morgan (2017). PRISMA systematic-review guidelines were employed and a comprehensive literature search of SPORTDiscus, PsycINFO, PsycARTICLES, and ERIC completed in November 2017. Twenty-five empirical studies published between 2002 and 2017 met the inclusion criteria. Through thematic analysis, 19 PSCs were identified as facilitative of youth athletes’ development—8 were categorized as psychological skills (e.g., goal setting, social-support seeking, and self-talk) and 11 as psychological characteristics (e.g., self-confidence, focus, and motivation). The practical implications of these findings are discussed.
Influence of political and medical leaders on parental perception of vaccination: a cross-sectional survey in Australia
Authors: Zhang Elissa J , Chughtai Abrar Ahmad , Heywood Anita , MacIntyre Chandini Raina 
Published: March 2019

ObjectivesThe aim of this survey was to investigate parental vaccination attitudes and responses to vaccine-related media messages from political and medical leaders.DesignThis was a cross-sectional study using a semiquantitative questionnaire. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, X2tests and logistic regression.SettingData were collected from a web-based questionnaire distributed in Australia by a market research company in May of 2017.Participants411 participants with at least one child under 5 were included in this study. The sample was designed to be representative of Australia in terms of gender and state of residence.Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe primary outcome measures were parental attitudes towards childhood immunisation before and after viewing vaccine-related messages from political and medical leaders, including Donald Trump (USA), Pauline Hanson (Australia) and Michael Gannon (Australia). Parents were classified as having ‘susceptible’ (not fixed) or ‘fixed’ (positive or negative) views towards vaccination based on a series of questions.ResultsParents with fixed vaccination views constituted 23.8% (n=98) of the total sample; 21.7% (n=89) were pro-vaccination and 2.2% (n=9) were anti-vaccination. The remaining 76.2% of participants were classified as having susceptible views towards vaccination. Susceptible parents were more likely to report a change in their willingness to vaccinate after watching vaccine-related messages compared with fixed-view parents, regardless of whether the messaging was positive or negative (Trump OR 2.54, 95% CI (1.29 to 5.00); Hanson OR 2.64, 95% CI (1.26 to 5.52); Gannon OR 2.64, 95% CI (1.26 to 5.52)). Susceptible parents were more likely than fixed-view parents to report increased vaccine hesitancy after viewing negative vaccine messages (Trump OR 2.14, 95% CI (1.11 to 4.14), Hanson OR 2.34, 95% CI (1.21 to 4.50)).ConclusionsThe findings suggest that most parents including the vaccinating majorty are susceptible to vaccine messaging from political and medical leaders. Categorising parents as ‘fixed-view’ or ‘susceptible’ can be a useful strategy for designing and implementing future vaccine promotion interventions.
Prevalence of non-acute ischaemic cardiomyopathy in a Pakistani cohort
Authors: Ghazni Muhammad Salman , Aijaz Saba , Malik Rehan , Pathan Asad Z 
Published: March 2019

Heart failure with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (HFrEF) is a frequently encountered clinical scenario. Coronary angiography (CAG) is usually performed to assess obstructive epicardial coronary artery disease (CAD) and the resultant ischaemia as causes of HFrEF.ObjectivesTo determine the frequency of obstructive CAD (OCAD) in patients with HFrEF and its independent predictors and outcomes.MethodsRetrospective observational study in Tabba Heart Institute on patients who underwent CAG during the past 4 years. Patients with prior known CAD or revascularisation were excluded. OCAD was defined as per the criteria from Felker et al. Regression modelling was performed to evaluate the predictors of OCAD. Survival was compared between the groups using the log rank test.ResultsOut of 2235 patients who underwent CAG, 260 had HFrEF as a primary indication for CAG and, of these, 119 (45.8%) had OCAD. Major predictors of OCAD were age >50 years at presentation (OR 2.0, 95% CI 1.1 to 3.7), presence of chest pain (OR 4.3, 95% CI 2.3 to 8.1), family history of premature CAD (OR 2.8, 95% CI 1.3 to 5.9) and utilisation of non-invasive (NIV) stress testing before CAG (OR 3.6, 95% CI 1.8 to 7.1). Survival was significantly lower (log rank p<0.001) in patients with OCAD with no revascularisation compared with OCAD with revascularisation or those who had non-obstructive CAD, and the latter two groups had comparable survival.ConclusionsOCAD is detected in nearly half of the patients with reduced left ventricular systolic function undergoing CAG. Clinical judgement based on thorough history and use of NIV stress testing can help in appropriate patient selection for this test.
Cross-Talk between Receptor Tyrosine Kinases AXL and ERBB3 Regulates Invadopodia Formation in Melanoma Cells
Authors: Revach Or-Yam , Sandler Oded , Samuels Yardena , Geiger Benjamin 
Published: March 2019

Abstract

The invasive phenotype of metastatic cancer cells is accompanied by the formation of actin-rich invadopodia, which adhere to the extracellular matrix and degrade it. In this study, we explored the role of the tyrosine kinome in the formation of invadopodia in metastatic melanoma cells. Using a microscopy-based siRNA screen, we identified a series of regulators, the knockdown of which either suppresses (e.g., TYK2, IGFR1, ERBB3, TYRO3, FES, ALK, PTK7) or enhances (e.g., ABL2, AXL, CSK) invadopodia formation and function. Notably, the receptor tyrosine kinase AXL displayed a dual regulatory function, where both depletion or overexpression enhanced invadopodia formation and activity. This apparent contradiction was attributed to the capacity of AXL to directly stimulate invadopodia, yet its suppression upregulates the ERBB3 signaling pathway, which can also activate core invadopodia regulators and enhance invadopodia function. Bioinformatic analysis of multiple melanoma cell lines points to an inverse expression pattern of AXL and ERBB3. High expression of AXL in melanoma cells is associated with high expression of invadopodia components and an invasive phenotype. These results provide new insights into the complexity of metastasis-promoting mechanisms and suggest that targeting of multiple invadopodia signaling networks may serve as a potential anti-invasion therapy in melanoma.

Significance:
These findings uncover a unique interplay between AXL and ERBB3 in invadopodia regulation that points to the need for combined therapy in order to prevent invadopodia-mediated metastasis in melanoma.
Ethnic Disparities in Gastric Cancer Presentation and Screening Practice in the United States: Analysis of 1997–2010 Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results-Medicare Data
Authors: Florea Ana , Brown Heidi E. , Harris Robin B. , Oren Eyal 
Published: March 2019

Abstract

Background:
Chronic infection with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is the strongest risk factor for distal gastric cancer. Although gastric cancer incidence has decreased, variation by race and ethnicity is observed. This study describes gastric cancer presentation and screening services among Medicare patients by race/ethnicity, place of birth, and history of gastric cancer–related conditions.

Methods:
Using demographic, location, and disease staging information, extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results-Medicare gastric cancer database (1997–2010), we compared frequencies of gastric cancer–related conditions (e.g., peptic ulcer, gastric ulcer, gastritis) and screening (H. pylori testing and endoscopy) from inpatient and outpatient services claims by selected race/ethnicity and place of birth.

Results:
Data included 47,994 incident gastric cancer cases with Medicare claims. The majority (48.0%) of Asian/Pacific Islanders (API) were foreign-born, compared with non-Hispanic whites (NHW), Hispanics, and blacks (with 64.4%, 33.9%, and 72.9% U.S.-born, respectively). For NHWs, the most frequently diagnosed gastric cancer site was the cardia (35.6%) compared with &lt;15% (P &lt; 0.001) for APIs, Hispanics, and blacks. Although more than 57% of all cases had a history of gastric cancer–related conditions, H. pylori testing was reported in only 11.6% of those cases. H. pylori testing was highest for APIs (22.8%) and lowest for blacks (6.5%).

Conclusions:
Noncardia gastric cancer, associated with H. pylori infection, was diagnosed more frequently among APIs, blacks, and Hispanics than NHWs. Testing for H. pylori was low among all gastric cancer cases despite evidence of risk factors for which screening is recommended. Studies are needed to increase appropriate testing for H. pylori among higher risk populations.

Impact:
This study sheds light on poor screening practices despite presence of gastric cancer-related conditions.
Interactions ofPVT1andCASC11on Prostate Cancer Risk in African Americans
Authors: Lin Hui-Yi , Callan Catherine Y. , Fang Zhide , Tung Heng-Yuan , Park Jong Y. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackground:African American (AA) men have a higher risk of developing prostate cancer than white men. SNPs are known to play an important role in developing prostate cancer. The impact of PVT1 and its neighborhood genes (CASC11 and MYC) on prostate cancer risk are getting more attention recently. The interactions among these three genes associated with prostate cancer risk are understudied, especially for AA men. The objective of this study is to investigate SNP–SNP interactions in the CASC11–MYC–PVT1 region associated with prostate cancer risk in AA men.Methods:We evaluated 205 SNPs using the 2,253 prostate cancer patients and 2,423 controls and applied multiphase (discovery-validation) design. In addition to SNP individual effects, SNP–SNP interactions were evaluated using the SNP Interaction Pattern Identifier, which assesses 45 patterns.Results:Three SNPs (rs9642880, rs16902359, and rs12680047) and 79 SNP–SNP pairs were significantly associated with prostate cancer risk. These two SNPs (rs16902359 and rs9642880) in CASC11 interacted frequently with other SNPs with 56 and 9 pairs, respectively. We identified the novel interaction of CASC11–PVT1, which is the most common gene interaction (70%) in the top 79 pairs. Several top SNP interactions have a moderate to large effect size (OR, 0.27–0.68) and have a higher prediction power to prostate cancer risk than SNP individual effects.Conclusions:Novel SNP–SNP interactions in the CASC11–MYC–PVT1 region have a larger impact than SNP individual effects on prostate cancer risk in AA men.Impact:This gene–gene interaction between CASC11 and PVT1 can provide valuable information to reveal potential biological mechanisms of prostate cancer development.
Distribution and morphometric measurements of Blanford’s Fox Vulpes cana (Mammalia: Carnivora: Canidae) of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Aloufi Abdulhadi , Eid Ehab 
Published: March 2019

A study on Blanford’s Fox was conducted from Tabuk Province, a poorly studied area of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), from December 2015 until May 2016. This study adds to our knowledge, where two survey methods were used, which are the live trapping and camera trapping methods. Five specimens were captured alive, in addition to a dead specimen reported during the survey period. Measurements of live, captured specimens were obtained and the skull of the dead specimen was measured. The information provided will serve as a basis for future monitoring of Blanford’s Fox in Saudi Arabia, and it will provide the foundation for future research in the species’ range of occurrence in the Arabian Peninsula. In addition, more attention shall be paid to establish a joint collaboration between scholars from Saudi Arabia and Jordan to assess the status of Blanford’s Fox along the sandstone escarpments Hisma plateau.
Preservation of Acyl Coenzyme A Attenuates Pathological and Metabolic Cardiac Remodeling Through Selective Lipid Trafficking
Authors: Goldenberg Joseph R. , Carley Andrew N. , Ji Ruiping , Zhang Xiaokan , Fasano Matt , Schulze P. Christian , Lewandowski E. Douglas 
Published: March 2019

Background:
Metabolic remodeling in heart failure contributes to dysfunctional lipid trafficking and lipotoxicity. Acyl coenzyme A synthetase-1 (ACSL1) facilitates long-chain fatty acid (LCFA) uptake and activation with coenzyme A (CoA), mediating the fate of LCFA. The authors tested whether cardiac ACSL1 overexpression aids LCFA oxidation and reduces lipotoxicity under pathological stress of transverse aortic constriction (TAC).

Methods:

Mice with cardiac restricted ACSL1 overexpression (MHC-ACSL1) underwent TAC or sham surgery followed by serial in vivo echocardiography for 14 weeks. At the decompensated stage of hypertrophy, isolated hearts were perfused with
13
C LCFA during dynamic-mode
13
C nuclear magnetic resonance followed by in vitro nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry analysis to assess intramyocardial lipid trafficking. In parallel, acyl CoA was measured in tissue obtained from heart failure patients pre- and postleft ventricular device implantation plus matched controls.

Results:
TAC-induced cardiac hypertrophy and dysfunction was mitigated in MHC-ACSL1 hearts compared with nontransgenic hearts. At 14 weeks, TAC increased heart weight to tibia length by 46% in nontransgenic mice, but only 26% in MHC-ACSL1 mice, whereas ACSL1 mice retained greater ejection fraction (ACSL1 TAC: 65.8±7.5%; nontransgenic TAC: 45.9±7.3) and improvement in diastolic E/E’. Functional improvements were mediated by ACSL1 changes to cardiac LCFA trafficking. ACSL1 accelerated LCFA uptake, preventing C16 acyl CoA loss post-TAC. Long-chain acyl CoA was similarly reduced in human failing myocardium and restored to control levels by mechanical unloading. ACSL1 trafficked LCFA into ceramides without normalizing the reduced triglyceride storage in TAC. ACSL1 prevented de novo synthesis of cardiotoxic C16- and C24-, and C24:1 ceramides and increased potentially cardioprotective C20- and C22-ceramides post-TAC. ACLS1 overexpression activated AMP activated protein kinase at baseline, but during TAC, prevented the reduced LCFA oxidation in hypertrophic hearts and normalized energy state (phosphocreatine:ATP) and consequently, AMP activated protein kinase activation.

Conclusions:
This is the first demonstration of reduced acyl CoA in failing hearts of humans and mice, and suggests possible mechanisms for maintaining mitochondrial oxidative energy metabolism by restoring long-chain acyl CoA through ASCL1 activation and mechanical unloading. By mitigating cardiac lipotoxicity, via redirected LCFA trafficking to ceramides, and restoring acyl CoA, ACSL1 delayed progressive cardiac remodeling and failure.
Binswanger, Daseinsanalyse and the Issue of the Unconscious: An Historical Reconstruction as a Preliminary Step for a Rethinking of Daseinsanalytic Psychotherapy
Authors: Vitelli Roberto 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Drawing on Ludwig Binswanger’s work, this paper seeks to reconstruct historically and theoretically his relationship with Freud and Psychoanalysis and to trace his ideas with regard to the Unconscious. Tied to Freud by a friendship lasting thirty years, it started mainly from his encounter with the philosophy of Immanuel Kant, Alexander Pfänder, Franz Brentano, Edmund Husserl, Martin Heidegger and Martin Buber that Binswanger developed an original system of thinking and clinical application. The issue of the unconscious, beginning from this theoretical shift, underwent a radical reformulation. First, Heideggerian thought allowed him to recognize the importance of different World-Projects, intended as existential a priori characterized by a specific internal normativity. Subsequently, the return to Husserl’s thinking lead Binswanger to rethink again the unconscious issue in light of the field of Passive Synthesis. In this paper we will examine all these issues and reconsider their importance for psychotherapeutic practice.