bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Joining the clash or refusing to bash? Bystanders reactions to online celebrity bashing
Authors: Ouvrein Gaëlle , De Backer Charlotte J.S. , Vandebosch Heidi 
Published: January 2019

Researchers, in studies of online news-site commenting, have found a huge number of aggressive comments and have indicated that such comments should be interpreted within the discussion context that other bystanders, such as journalists and other readers, have created. In this study, we aimed to offer insights into bystanders’ reactions to negative news articles and other bystanders’ aggressive comments in the specific context of celebrity news. Therefore, we subjected Flemish celebrity-news articles (N = 69) and the Facebook reactions (N = 5,529) to those articles to a content analysis. First, using a quantitative content analysis, we coded each comment as having a negative, neutral, or positive tone. Next, we conducted a qualitative content analysis, which consisted of a vertical coding phase and a horizontal coding phase, so as to investigate the comments’ content in more depth and to determine which elements resulted in some comments’ negative and even aggressive tone. The results indicate that most readers’ reactions stayed on topic, thus merely contributing to the negative atmosphere that the journalist had already created. However, unlike the journalists, who tended to express their emotions rather subtly, the readers reacted using extreme aggressive language. Furthermore, although these aggressive reader reactions generally seemed to set an aggressive tone for future reactions, some readers broke this aggressive cycle and explicitly disapproved of the aggressive expressions.
Spectrophotometric Evaluation of Tooth Color in Children with Mixed Dentition
Authors: ÖZALP Şerife , VESKE Şeyma Eslem 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACT Objective In this study, the aim is to evaluate the shade of colors of the permanent maxillary central incisor, deciduous canine, deciduous first molar, deciduous second molar and permanent first molar teeth in individuals in mixed dentition stage using Vita Classic and Vitapan 3D Master scale, according to the L*, a*, b* color system. Materials and Methods Our study was performed on a total of 57 child patients between 7-12 years old. Color shade measurements were performed using VITA Easyshade Compact (Vita Zahnfabrik, Germany) spectrophotometry device; and CIE L*, a*, b* values according the Vita Classic and Vitapan 3D Master scale were recorded. Results In light of the obtained data, it was found that the L* value of the permanent first molar was the lowest, the L* value of the deciduous canine was the highest (p&lt;0.001). The a* value of the central incisor was the lowest, whereas the a* value of the permanent first molar was the highest (p&lt;0.001). According to the data, when the b* values were compared, a statistically significant difference was detected only between the central incisor and deciduous first molar teeth (p=0.005). Conclusion It was found that in individuals at the mixed dentition stage, according to the Vita Classic scale, B2 tones were found more frequently in permanent teeth whereas A2 tones were more common in the deciduous teeth. C2 and D3 tones were not detected in both groups.
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons Regarding Behavior Guidance Techniques for Managing Child Patients
Authors: KESKİNRÜZGAR Aydın , ÖZCAN KÜÇÜK Ayşe , DELİKAN Ebru 
Published: December 2018

Objectives:The aim of this study was to evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and practices of oral and maxillofacial surgeons regarding behavior guidance techniques that reduced fear and anxiety for children. Materials and Methods:In this cross-sectional study, the participants were oral and maxillofacial surgeons who treat pediatric dental patients in the private and public clinics in Turkey. The questionnaires were applied through an electronic form via a website. The results were evaluated using IBM SPSS Statistics 22 for statistical analysis. A p-value of &lt;0.05 was accepted as statistically significant.Results:60% of the participants were specialist trainees, 9% were doctoral students, 16% were oral and maxillofacial surgeons and 15% were lecturers in the department of oral and maxillofacial surgery of various universities. 45% of the oral and maxillofacial surgeons said they could always take responsibility of working on a pediatric patient, while 33% of them stated that they frequently treated child patients, and 22% of them sometimes took this responsibility. 55% of the participants said they had been trained in behavior guidance techniques for children. The result showed that 93% of the surgeons used tell-show-do, 69% used voice control, 27% used nonverbal communication, 73% used positive reinforcement, 61% utilized distraction techniques, 59% used presence-absence of parents, 15% used hand-over-mouth, 36% used sedation, 36% used restrain/protective stabilization, 46% used general anesthesia, and 2% had used hypnosis method.Conclusions:This study showed that the oral and maxillofacial surgeons working in public and private clinics have a high awareness of behavior guidance techniques while the level of this awareness varies among surgeons according to age, gender, workplace, work experience, and training.
The Plaque Removal Effectiveness of Powered and Manual Tooth Brush in Children: A Pilot Study
Authors: DURHAN Muesser Ahu , ULUAKAY Merve , KARGUL Betul 
Published: December 2018

Objective: Aim of this study was to compare the plaque-reducing
effectiveness of powered and manual tooth brushing in a small group of
children.Materials
and Methods: Ten children aged
between 7 to 10 years old were included the study. Each child firstly used
manual tooth brush (ORAL B Stages for children). After two weeks children were
asked to use powered tooth brush (ORAL-B TRIUMPH
5000 SMART GUIDE) for two weeks. Turesky
modification of the Quigley and Hein Plaque Index (TQHPI) and Approximal Plaque Index (API) scores
were recorded every two weeks. Friedman test and Wilcoxon signed rank test were
used for comparison the jaws and powered brush /manual brush. Significance at p
&lt;0.05 were considered.Results: The whole mouth TQHPI and API were significantly
different at after Powered Tooth brushing (p=0,005, p= 0,012). Statistics determined the most
significant relationship was
observed between baseline-post powered
brushing and between manual-powered brushing in both TQHPI and API values
(p=0.008**,p=0.005**,p=0.018*,p=0.012*). Conclusion: Considering the results
of the pilot study; it shows that it is more effective in removing dental
plaque in both automatic and manual tooth brushing. Therefore, powered tooth brush can also be recommended
for children to increase the oral health.
Kampf der Kulturbegriffe? Eine Fallstudie zum wissenschaftlichen Schreiben über „Kultur“ im BA-Studium „Transkulturelle Kommunikation“
Authors: Dengscherz Sabine 
Published: December 2018

Der Umgang mit dem Begriff „Kultur“ und den Konzepten, auf die sich der Begriff bezieht, stellt hohe heuristische und rhetorische Anforderungen an Studierende der Translationswissenschaft. „Kultur“ wird im Fachdiskurs auf unterschiedliche, teilweise widersprüchliche Konzepte bezogen. In Seminararbeiten fällt es Studierenden oft schwer, sich nachhaltig von homogenisierenden, nationalisierenden Kulturkonzepten zu emanzipieren, selbst wenn der thematische Fokus der Arbeit genau dies nahelegen würde.
In meinem Beitrag werde ich dieses Phänomen anhand der ersten Fassung einer BA-Arbeit aus dem Seminar Transkulturelle Kommunikation (WS 2017/18) analysieren. Dabei wird das Problem des Umgangs mit dem Begriff „Kultur“ aus verschiedenen Perspektiven beleuchtet werden: Einerseits werden Anforderungen und Herausforderungen im Umgang mit dem Begriff „Kultur“ auf einer inhaltlich-begrifflichen Ebene analysiert, andererseits im Hinblick auf die Schreibentwicklung im wissenschaftlichen Schreiben im Studium.
Die Analyse zeigt, wie durch einen undifferenzierten Umgang mit dem Begriff „Kultur“ Vorannahmen in die BA-Arbeit hineingetragen werden, die einerseits in der theoretischen Auseinandersetzung mit dem Thema und andererseits vor allem auch in der Entwicklung eines Fragebogens zu gravierenden Problemen führen. Es wird argumentiert, dass es demnach eine wichtige Aufgabe der Translationsdidaktik ist, Studierende in der Aneignung differenzierter Kulturkonzepte zu unterstützen.
Factores organizacionales que inciden en la mejora de la empleabilidad de las Empresas de Inserción
Authors: Martínez Rueda Natxo , Aróstegui Barandica Igone , Galarreta Lasa Javier 
Published: January 2019

En este artículo se presentan los principales resultados de un estudio exploratorio sobre los factores organizacionales que inciden en la empleabilidad de las Empresas de Inserción (EI). A pesar de que la comprensión actual de empleabilidad remite tanto a factores individuales como contextuales, son escasos los trabajos que tratan de identificar y evaluar dichos factores contextuales en las Empresas de Inserción. El estudio parte de una revisión de la literatura sobre las características y aportaciones de las EI y el concepto actual de empleabilidad, proponiendo un modelo teórico en el que se recogen tanto los factores individuales como contextuales de la empleabilidad en las EI. Tomando como referencia el modelo, se elabora un instrumento que analiza los factores contextuales-organizacionales en las EI, el Cuestionario de Factores Organizacionales de Empleabilidad (CUFEE), con el que se recoge la información sobre 32 Empresas de Inserción en España. Se presenta el diseño y fases de elaboración de la escala y sus características métricas. Los resultados del estudio permiten señalar algunas fortalezas de las EI que se relacionan con su funcionamiento, mientras que sus debilidades se asocian a las relaciones y conexiones con el mercado de trabajo. Asimismo, los resultados identifican aquellos factores e indicadores que se relacionan con las tasas de inserción.
Estepa y rutas de la seda frente al espejo de la Región Autónoma Uigur de Xinjiang. Fronteras fluidas y construcción de narrativas histórico-identitarias
Authors: Olivieri Chiara 
Published: January 2019

La propuesta para este capítulo es la de analizar cómo, a partir de las fronteras imperiales establecidas bajo el período de gobierno Qing, las poblaciones “bárbaras”/fronterizas han sido incluidas –más o menos forzosamente–, en una definición más o menos amplia–, de “China”. Tras una sucinta introducción histórica sobre el territorio, mi objetivo es el de empezar a hacer hincapié en la influencia, a nivel cultural, lingüístico, identitario y religioso, de la región que –tras su anexión al Imperio Qing– ha pasado a denominarse Xinjiang, en relación con los actores políticos y sociales circunstantes, y tratando de puntualizar unas especificidades históricas de la región, en un contexto eurasiático más amplio.
La Ruta de la Seda: entre el relato medieval, la novela histórica y los textos contemporáneos
Authors: Zygmunt Karolina 
Published: January 2019

El objetivo de este artículo es analizar algunas obras contemporáneas que recrean el mítico trayecto de la Ruta de la Seda y mencionan a los viajeros medievales que lo recorrieron. Se estudia en concreto cómo el relato de la Embajada a Tamorlán, una de las obras clave de la literatura de viajes medievales hispánicos, sirve de base y referente textual para la novela histórica de Fernando Martínez Laínez, Embajada a Samarcanda, e inspira a Miguel Silvestre, quien en su relato Emoción del nómada declara seguir las huellas de los embajadores medievales. Se analiza de qué forma estos textos contemporáneos, al establecer un diálogo con el relato medieval, ven condicionadas o transformadas de manera patente o implícita sus poéticas narrativas.
La representación de la mujer sercicultora en textos literarios valencianos de la Renaixença: El eco de Frederic Mistral
Authors: Bataller Catalá Alexandre 
Published: January 2019

A finales del siglo XIX, encontramos cultivadores de seda a los campos de moreras, como muestra Frederic Mistral en su poema épico rural Mirèio (1859). Además de compartir la práctica de una actividad agrícola e industrial asociada a la producción de la seda, entre los territorios de Provenza y Valencia se establece una relación literaria. En este trabajo relacionamos la representación literaria de las mujeres dedicadas a la sericicultura que presenta Mirèio con la poesía de la Renaixença valenciana, desde Teodor Llorente pasando por Constantí Llombart, Josep Maria Puig i Torralva y Francesc Badenes.
Curial e Güelfa, un nou món per a un nou cavaller: espais literaris en un entorn humanístic
Authors: Miguel Briongos Jeroni 
Published: January 2019

Resum: El Curial e Güelfa és una novel·la que sorprèn per la seva modernitat. Tot i que conserva certes reminiscències medievals, com a resultat del gènere cavalleresc que la caracteritza, hem de situar-la dins de l’ambient humanista de la Itàlia del Quatttocento: tant les fonts literàries, com molts dels temes que hi apareixen, parlen d’un context social e intel·lectual que es viu en aquests moment a Itàlia. El protagonista, Curial, amb el seu propòsit d’harmonitzar armes i lletres, n’és el millor exemple. El jove cavaller ha de concloure un procés de maduració personal –de crisi existencial, també– per poder assolir l’objectiu que persegueix: casar-se amb la Güelfa. Per aquesta raó, a banda de les seves gestes cavalleresques, es dedicarà a l’estudi i comprendrà que només mitjançant l’esforç que duu a la virtus podrà obtenir la necessària nobilitas que, gràcies a un procés de reconeixement del seu homo interior, farà d’ell una persona íntegra.
Paraules clau: Humanisme, Curial, prosa acurada, armes i lletres, bivium, virtut, noblesa.

Abstract: Curial e Güelfa shocks by its own modernity. In spite of some medieval reminiscences as a result of the atmosphere of chivalry it depicts, it belongs within the humanistic influence of the Italian Quattrocento. The author’s mindful prose and his selection of literary sources or the variety of themes, correspond to the social and intellectual context of the day in Italy. Curial, as the main character in the novel, is a true example in his endeavour to blend arms and letters. The young knight must undergo a process towards adulthood which will also entail a personal crisis in the quest to achieve his goal: wedding Güelfa. With this aim in mind, and along with his chivalry frays, he will bow down on study, in the understanding that virtus itself will only be achieved through exertion in order to achieve the necessary nobilitas, which will on its own turn him into an integral being after acknowledging his own homo interior.
Keywords: Humanism, Curial, mindful prose, arms and letters, bivium, virtue, nobility.
Il transfert di Curial
Authors: Compagna Anna Maria 
Published: January 2019

Resum: I risvolti sovranazionali riscontrati nei tre protagonisti dei romanzi del Quattrocento catalano (Jacob Xalabín, Curial e Tirant) consentono di procedere a un’analisi del Curial e Güelfa che ne sottolinea l’identità multipla e l’apertura culturale del processo di formazione del protagonista, nella sua ascesa economica e sociale. L’evoluzione del protagonista, grazie a un meccanismo psicologico, oggi riconosciuto come tale, consente il lieto fine del romanzo, diversamente da quanto avviene negli altri due, dove i protagonisti, Jacob e Tirant, rimangono sempre gli stessi. Grazie allo spostamento, al transfert, Curial non rimuove quello che lo minaccia, ma riesce a superarlo, se riguarda un altro individuo, e questo permette il suo successo finale, senza essere vittima d’impulsi interni inaccettabili.
Paraules clau: Identità/alterità, multiplo/singolo, apertura/chiusura culturale, onore/disonore, ascesa/discesa economica e sociale, rimozione/spostamento.

Abstract: The supranational implications found in the three protagonists of the novels in the “Catalan quattrocento” (Jacob Xalabín, Curial and Tirant) allow an analysis of Curial e Güelfa that underlines the multiple identity and cultural openness of the protagonist’s training process, in his economic and social rise. The evolution of the protagonist, thank to a psychological mechanism, now recognized as such, allows the happy ending of the novel, unlike what happens in the other two, where the protagonists, Jacob and Tirante, always remain the same. Thanks to the movement, to the transfert, Curial does not eliminate what threatens it, but manages to overcome it, if it is another individual, and this allows its final success, without being the victim of unacceptable internal impulses.
Keywords: Identity/alterity, multiple/single, openness/cultural closure, honor/dishonor, economic and social promotion /decline, removal/displacement
ЕФЕКТИВНО ВРИЈЕМЕ РАДА НА ЧАСОВИМА ФИЗИЧКОГ ВАСПИТАЊА У IV РАЗРЕДИМА ОСНОВНЕ ШКОЛЕ
Authors: Васиљевић Драгана , Митрашевић Маја , Николић Наташа , Савић Раденко , Секулић Љубодраг 
Published: January 2019

Истраживање је спроведено на узорку од 96 ученика узраста од 9 до 10 година који су похађали четврти разред основне школе „Свети Сава“ из Бијељине. Циљ рада био је утврдити колико просјечно износи ефективни рад ученика млађег школског узраста на часу физичког васпитања. Трансверзалним истраживањем извршен је увид у ефективно вријеме рада ученика на часу физичког васпитања, а коришћена техника је хромометрија. Примијењена је теоријска и дескриптивна метода. Резултати истраживања указују да просјечни ефективни рад ученика за цијели час физичког васпитања износи 29 минута и 55 секунди. На основу добијених резултата може се констатовати да ученици губе око 15 минута по часу, а на нивоу године око 27 часова.
The Impact of Different Game Types and Sports on College Students’ Physical Activity and Motivation in Basic Instruction Program Settings
Authors: Song Yang , Harvey Stephen , Hannon James , Rambo-Hernandez Karen , Jones Emily , Bulger Sean 
Published: December 2018

Background: Although Basic Instruction Program (BIP) or Higher Education Physical Activity Program (HEPAP) classes within university/colleges are founded on the rationale of providing students with opportunities to be physically active, little is known about the physical activity (PA) accrual and/or motivation levels in these classes. Objective: The purpose of the present study was to investigate college students’ Moderate to Vigorous Physical Activity (MVPA) and motivationlevels while playing different games types (modified games/MGs, small-sided games/SSGs, and full-sided games/FSGs) in badminton and soccer classes. In addition, the study examined the extent to which motivation levels predicted students MVPA. Method: Participants were seventy-one college students (14 females) from a rural Mid-Atlantic university in the United States (U.S.).Triaxial accelerometers were used to collect MVPA data and the Intrinsic Motivation Inventory (IMI) to measure student motivation. Results: Students in soccer classes had statistically significant more MVPA than those in badminton. Students in soccer and badminton classes had most MVPA in FSGs and SSGs, respectively. Although students reported similar scores in the three IMI subscales when data were aggregated, soccer students reported higher levels of competence and effort in MGs, whereas badminton students reported higher levels of competence and effort in SSGs. Interest was the only statistically significant predictor of MVPA in MGs whereas perceived competence statistically significantly predicted MVPA in both SSGs and FSGs. Conclusion: PE and sport practitioners should utilize the different game types to find the optimal balance between MVPA and student motivation and realize lesson objectives.
Livy
Authors: Chaplin Jane D. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractLivy (Titus Livius in Latin) was, in antiquity, and remains to this day, the single most important guide to Roman republican history. He also has the unusual distinction of being the only ancient historian of the first rank whose reputation rests not on his account of his own day or the recent past, but on his narrative of events well before his lifetime. Contemporary with the emperor Augustus, he wrote a monumental (at least 142 books) history of Rome from its origins to his own time. This entry covers Livy's life and the contents, aims, and importance of his account of the Roman Republic (sometimes known by its Latin titleAb urbe condita, “From the Founding of the City”).
Horace (Quintus Horatius Flaccus)
Authors: Harrison Stephen J. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract

Roman poet, 65–8
bce
. Author of some of the most important and influential poetic collections in Latin literature, two books of hexameter
Satires
, one of iambic
Epodes
, four of lyric
Odes
, two of hexameter
Epistles
, and the hexameter
Ars poetica
. Key themes include symposium, love, friendship, ethics and politics (closely associated with the emperor Augustus and his key advisor Maecenas).
Maps, Late Antiquity
Authors: Talbert Richard J. A. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
The entry highlights the fresh creativity shown – often for a non‐cartographic purpose – in maps of the period, especially the Peutinger map. Attention is also drawn to the new cartographic visions based on classical knowledge that Christianity now inspired, as attested most strikingly in the Madaba mosaic map and the maps illustrating the Christian Topography of Kosmas Indikopleustes.
Trajan Decius (Gaius Messius Quintus Traianus Decius Augustus)
Authors: Davis Raymond 
Published: December 2018

Abstract

Roman emperor from 249 to 251
ce
, Trajan Decius (
PIR
2
M 0520; cf.
PIR
2
D 28;
RE Messius
9), born ca. 190 at Budalia near Sirmium in Lower Pannonia, was from an old senatorial family.
Vegetius Renatus, Flavius
Authors: Milner N. P. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract

Author of the
Epitoma rei militaris
and the
Digesta artis mulomedicina
, Flavius Vegetius Renatus, an aristocratic Roman adviser to an emperor, wrote between
ce
383 and 450 two technical treatises on the art of war and on veterinary medicine. The
Epitoma
in particular was one of the most widely read technical works from antiquity in the medieval and early modern periods. Studies in late Roman history have helped to elucidate the historical context of the work, but it remains a challenge to understand fully its contemporary significance and the circumstances of its composition. What is not in doubt is that it is selective and polemical, and designed to address alleged deficiencies in the conduct of the Roman army and to advocate new imperial strategies against barbarian invaders who had inflicted heavy losses on the Romans. The work's generalizing approach to warfare made it adaptable to the conditions of very different times and places, and it has remained useful in the hands of many later generations.
Aediles
Authors: Kondratieff Eric J. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Aediles were annually elected officers of the Roman plebs (plebeian aediles) or magistrates of the Roman people (curule aediles). In the republic they were Rome's chief administrators, responsible for maintaining its infrastructure, temples, and shrines; regulating its markets, grain distribution, water supply, public order, and hygiene; and producing religious festivals. Augustus limited their administrative duties to markets, commercial affairs, and oversight of four of Rome's fourteen regions.