bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Child Trauma Screen: A Follow‐Up Validation
Authors: Lang Jason M. , Connell Christian M. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractAlthough the prevalence of exposure to potentially traumatic events and associated outcomes among children is well documented, widespread trauma screening remains limited. This study provides additional data supporting the psychometrics of the Child Trauma Screen (CTS), a free, brief, empirically derived measure that was intended as a trauma screen for use across child‐serving systems. Participants were an ethnically diverse sample of 187 children aged 6–18 years recruited from an urban children's community mental health clinic. At intake, children and their caregivers completed the CTS and other standardized measures of posttraumatic stress disorder, externalizing behavior, anxiety, and depression. Results indicated that the CTS had strong properties on both child and caregiver reports, including internal consistency (Cronbach's α = .78 for both), convergent validity (r = .83 and r = .86), divergent validity (mean across measures and reporters, r = .31; range r = .01–.70), and criterion validity (sensitivity = 0.83 and 0.76; specificity = 0.95 and 0.79, correct classification 89.3% and 81.4%). Suggested cut points and recommendations for using the CTS as a trauma screen are provided. This study provides further empirical support for the use of the CTS as a brief trauma screening measure and provides recommendations for further research.
Patterns of Trauma Exposure in Childhood and Adolescence and Their Associations With Behavioral Well‐Being
Authors: Connell Christian M. , Pittenger Samantha L. , Lang Jason M. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe majority of youth living in the United States experience a potentially traumatic event (PTE) by 18 years of age, with many experiencing multiple PTEs. Variation in the nature and range of PTE exposure differentially impacts youth functioning, although this association is poorly understood. We used latent class analysis (LCA) to identify patterns of PTE exposure from caregiver and youth report in a treatment‐seeking sample of children and adolescents (N = 701) and examined how these patterns predict youths’ behavioral health outcomes. We identified four classes based on both caregiver and youth reports of PTE exposure, with the best‐fitting model representing a constrained measurement model across reporters; these included high polyvictimization, moderate polyvictimization (general), moderate polyvictimization (interpersonal), and low polyvictimization classes. Prevalence of classes varied across reporters, and agreement in classification based on caregiver and youth report was mixed. Despite these differences, we observed similar patterns of association between caregiver‐ and youth‐reported classes and their respective ratings of posttraumatic stress disorder and depressive symptoms, as well as both caregiver and therapist ratings of problem behavior, with Cohen's d effect size estimates of significant differences ranging from d = 0.25 to d = 0.51. The PTE exposure classes did not differ with respect to ratings of child functioning. Findings highlight the importance of gathering information from multiple informants.
Sociohydrology modeling for complex urban environments in support of integrated land and water resource management practices
Authors: Pan Haozhi , Deal Brian , Destouni Georgia , Zhang Yalei , Kalantari Zahra 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThis paper argues that a systems' thinking and explicit modeling approach is needed to address noted weaknesses (in terms of practicality and usefulness) in integrated water resource management. A process of coupling complex regional land use, economy, and water system interactions in integrated modeling is demonstrated with proof‐of‐concept applications to two urban cases (Chicago and Stockholm). In this uniquely coupled systems model, urban land use scenarios are considered a complex urban system represented by dynamic systems models of land use, economics, and water with a focus on urban environments that include drivers and system feedbacks with implications focused on urban water systems. The integrated model results reveal that the physical availability of land for economic activities (forecasted via a bottom‐up land use change model) and their locations differ sharply from top‐down sectoral‐based economic forecasts. This shows that both human systems (economic and land use planning) and natural systems (land use limitations and associated water implications) need to be considered in order to accurately account for system(s) impacts. For example, flood zone regulations divert land use to other locations, whereas land cover changes can greatly affect the water infiltration characteristics of land surfaces and thereby alter hydrological outcomes. Our results indicate that modeling social and natural processes using a systems approach can provide a more comprehensive understanding of coupled causal mechanisms, impacts, and feedbacks in applications of integrated water resource management.
Effect of multipurpose trees and shrubs on degraded mined‐out soil in a semi‐deciduous forest zone of West Africa
Authors: Osei‐Tutu Gabriel , Abunyewa Akwasi A. , Dawoe Evans K. , Agbenyega Olivia , Barnes Rex V. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractMultipurpose trees and shrubs (MPTS) establishment plays important role in accelerating natural restoration and productivity of degraded soils for ecosystem stability, biological diversity, and most importantly for agricultural uses. Multipurpose tree plantation with a mixed stands of Leucaena leucocephala, Albizia zygia, Faidherbia albida, Acacia auriculiformis, Senna siamea, Azadiractha indica, and Gliricidia sepium was established to reclaim degraded mined‐out Ferric acrisol in a semi‐deciduous forest zone of Ghana, West Africa. The main aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of the age of MPTS on some physical and chemical properties of degraded mined‐out soil of the Oweri Mines Company, Ltd., Konongo (6°37′56.8″N, 1°13′39.02″W). The study determined soil total nitrogen (tN), soil organic carbon (SOC), acidity (pH), aluminum (Al), arsenic (As), and mercuric (Hg) contents and the relationship between these soil parameters. Soils were sampled at two depths: 0–30 and 30–60 cm from four different age groups of MPTS plantation: non‐reclaimed (NR), 5‐year‐old MPTS plantation, 10‐year‐old MPTS plantation, and adjacent undisturbed natural forest (NF). The pH, SOC, tN, Al, As, and Hg contents and bulk density were significantly influenced by age of MPTS plantation. The 10‐year‐old MPTS soil had 53%, and the NF soil had 57%, higher SOC than NR soil. Soil tN in the top 0–30 cm depth for the 5‐year‐old was 33%, 10‐year‐old MPTS was 59%, and the NF was 69%, higher than tN in the NR soil. Whereas soil pH had positive significant relationship with soil Hg and As, the reverse was observed with soil Al content.
Recommendations for Science Outreach Program Development: Perspectives from Gulf of Mexico Research Initiative Consortia
Authors: Beresford Sara , Fillingham Katie , Miller‐Way Tina 
Published: July 2018

AbstractAs efforts to fulfill “broader impacts” requirements increase, scientists are considering how to better communicate the societal impacts of their work. The Gulf of Mexico Research Initiative (GoMRI), an independent research program funded by BP following the Deepwater Horizon oil spill, dedicated significant resources to outreach at the program level, through partnerships, and at the research consortium level. Through this latter effort, consortia outreach coordinators reached a wide variety of audiences through many approaches and activities. Insights gained from this collective effort may be useful to others looking to integrate or improve upon existing outreach in their research programs. The following recommendations, based on perspectives shared by GoMRI outreach coordinators, discuss the development and implementation of successful outreach programs. (1) Involve outreach expertise at the proposal stage to ensure a realistic and effective plan develops. (2) Clearly define a strategic plan with focused and measurable objectives. (3) Explicitly define audiences and the best ways to reach them. (4) Capitalize on unique areas of research and team member skills; leverage opportunities where possible. (5)	Budgets should reflect the outreach plan. (6) Evaluation metrics should be determined at the outset. (7) Effective communication is essential, both within and outside of the team.
Aggregation of Star Polymers: Complexation versus Segregation
Authors: Hebbeker Pascal , Plamper Felix A. , Schneider Stefanie 
Published: July 2018

AbstractComplex‐forming copolymers (polymers whose monomeric units of different type attract each other) are often discussed to be a pathway to achieve self‐assembled structures, which differ from the classical micellization scheme. Here, coarse‐grained Monte Carlo simulations are performed to investigate the aggregation behavior of miktoarm star polymers/diblock copolymers, which are able to form complexes between the constitutional blocks. These results are compared with the corresponding polymers without complexation, but allowing segregation of one of the blocks (selective solvent scenario). By analyzing the radial distribution function and the effective polymer–polymer interaction the occurrence of aggregates is probed. While the segregating copolymers form larger aggregates, the complex‐forming copolymers are stable against aggregation up to concentrations in the order of the overlap concentration. These results are in line with former experimental findings.
Multi‐echo GRE‐based conductivity imaging using Kalman phase estimation method
Authors: Ryu Kanghyun , Shin Jaewook , Lee Hongpyo , Kim Jun‐Hyeong , Kim Dong‐Hyun 
Published: July 2018

PurposeTo obtain in vivo electrical conductivity images from multi‐echo gradient‐echo (mGRE) sequence using a zero‐TE phase extrapolation algorithm based on the Kalman method.MethodsFor estimation of the zero‐TE phase from the mGRE data, an iterative algorithm consisting of a combination of the Kalman filter, Kalman smoother, and expectation maximization was implemented and compared with linear extrapolation methods. Simulations were performed for verification, and phantom and in vivo studies were conducted for validation.ResultsCompared with the conventional method that linearly extrapolates the zero‐TE phase from the mGRE data, the phase estimation of the proposed method was more stable in situations in which nonlinear phase evolution exists. Numerical simulation results showed that the stability is guaranteed under various nonlinearity levels. Phantom study results show that this method provides improved conductivity imaging compared with the conventional methods. In vivo results demonstrate conductivity images similar to spin echo–based conductivity images with the added benefit of the acquisition of susceptibility images when using mGRE.ConclusionThe proposed method improves zero‐TE phase extrapolation, especially in regions of nonlinear phase evolution. Improved conductivity imaging using mGRE can be performed.
Relaxometry and quantification in simultaneously acquired single and triple quantum filtered sodium MRI
Authors: Worthoff Wieland A. , Shymanskaya Aliaksandra , Shah N. Jon 
Published: July 2018

PurposeSodium imaging delivers valuable information about in vivo metabolism and pathophysiology. Image quantification can benefit the diagnosis and characterization of existing pathologies and the clinical course of a disease. An enhanced SISTINA sequence is proposed for sodium imaging and for the estimation of sodium tissue parameters for a 2‐compartment model of the brain, such as relaxation times in intracellular space and tissue, intracellular volume fraction, and intracellular molar fraction. The aim of the research is to demonstrate how a 2‐compartment model can be parameterized to sufficiently describe tissue sodium concentrations and dynamics by performing relaxometry with such a sequence.MethodsMultiple quantum filtered sodium signals were detected using an enhanced SISTINA sequence (consisting of 3 consecutive RF pulses) by placing a readout train between the first and second RF pulse, and 1 after the third pulse. Semiautomatic segmentation using singular value decomposition and manual segmentation was applied to the images.ResultsAnalysis was performed on 40 healthy volunteers in a 4T scanner, yielding bi‐exponential relaxation times of brain tissue, intracellular sodium molar and volume fraction, intracellular sodium concentration, as well as sodium tissue concentration in the scope of a considered model. Two models with either purely mono‐exponential or bi‐exponential relaxing extracellular sodium were used with and without a potential contribution of triple quantum‐filtered signal from extracellular space.ConclusionAn estimation of relaxation properties and concentrations limited to the assumed model is possible from a single sequence. The achieved results agree well with those reported in literature.
Physical Characteristics Influencing Nearshore Habitat Use by Juvenile Chinook Salmon in the Sacramento River, California
Authors: Hellmair Michael , Peterson Matthew , Mulvey Brian , Young Kip , Montgomery John , Fuller Andrea 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Urban and agricultural development has resulted in drastically modified riverine corridors that are often considered to be detrimental to the recovery of anadromous salmonid populations. Although mitigation features (e.g., large wood and shallow-water areas) are frequently incorporated in flood control infrastructure to offset the impacts of streambank stabilization, little is known regarding their effectiveness and the habitat characteristics associated with enhanced nearshore rearing conditions in large rivers. We evaluated two measures of habitat use by emigrating juvenile Chinook Salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha relative to different shoreline types (rock revetment [riprap], mitigated, and natural) and analyzed associations between environmental characteristics and habitat occupancy using a large number of presence/absence samples in the lower Sacramento River, California. We found both measures of habitat use to be significantly higher at natural shorelines and those including mitigation features than at shorelines consisting predominantly of rock revetment. A predictive logistic regression model suggested that the density of woody material and inundated terrestrial vegetation, depth, and substrate type significantly affected habitat occupancy. Despite a moderate predictive capability (62% of correctly classified records in a leave-one-out simulation), the model was useful in identifying habitat characteristics associated with significantly increased habitat use in this large, low-gradient river, most notably the presence of instream cover (wood or vegetation), gently sloping streambanks, fine substrate, and variable nearshore current velocity. Conversely, habitat occupancy by juvenile Chinook Salmon diminished with large, rocky substrate and increased depth, characteristics favored by introduced predatory Smallmouth Bass Micropterus dolomieu. This study illustrates the value of incorporating mitigation features and identifies characteristics that enhance habitat use by emigrating juvenile Chinook Salmon.
Prenatal myelomeningocele repair improves urinary continence and reduces the risk of constipation
Authors: Pastuszka Agnieszka , Bohosiewicz Janusz , Koszutski Tomasz 
Published: July 2018

AimsThe aim of the study was to evaluate the lower urinary tract function, frequency UTI, the degree of social urine continence, and the occurrence of constipation in children who underwent prenatal or postnatal surgery for MMC.Materials and MethodsSeventy‐two patients with MMC were assessed and divided into the prenatal group (36 patients) and the postnatal one (36 patients). All children, regardless the time of operation, received the same treatment after birth. The urodynamic tests, USG, cystourethrography were performed in all patients along with evaluation of the UTI's, social urine continence, and presence of constipation.ResultsUrodynamic and imaging studies showed no differences between the test groups. Children from the prenatally operated group showed statistically significant lower number of urinary tract infections, better urine continence, and less frequent constipation.ConclusionsPrenatal MMC repair ensures statistically significant improvement of the degree of social urinary continence, reducing the risk of urinary infections and constipation. Time of MMC repair does not statistically influence the urodynamic tests results and the urodynamic parameters are not the prognostic elements to assess the social urinary continence possibility in patients with the neurogenic bladder.
The interaction between carcinoembryonic antigen‐related cell adhesion molecule 6 and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 is associated with therapeutic efficacy of trastuzumab in breast cancer
Authors: Iwabuchi Erina , Miki Yasuhiro , Kanai Ayako , Miyashita Minoru , Kijima George , Hirakawa Hisashi , Suzuki Takashi , Ishida Takanori , Sasano Hironobu 
Published: July 2018

AbstractHuman epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is a target of the HER2 inhibitor trastuzumab, which has been administered to HER2‐positive breast cancer patients. However, the therapeutic effects of HER2 inhibitor monotherapy are not always clinically effective as compared with cotreatment with chemotherapy. Therefore, it has become pivotal to predict the therapeutic efficacy of trastuzumab monotherapy prior to administration. Recently, carcinoembryonic antigen‐related cell adhesion molecule 6 (CEACAM6) has been reported to be a HER2‐related factor. The aim of the present study was to explore the therapeutic mechanism of trastuzumab, including the relevance of CEACAM6 expression. CEACAM6/HER2‐double‐positive human breast carcinoma cell lines BT‐474, HCC‐1419 and MDA‐MB‐361 were used in this study. CEACAM6 knockdown decreased the inhibitory effects of trastuzumab in the trastuzumab‐sensitive BT‐474 and HCC‐1419 cells, but not in the trastuzumab‐resistant MDA‐MB‐361 cells. We examined the interaction between CEACAM6 and HER2 by using a proximity ligation assay (PLA). The interaction was detected in BT‐474 and HCC‐1419 cells, but not in MDA‐MB‐361 cells, and was significantly associated with in vitro trastuzumab therapeutic sensitivity. We further analysed the status of CEACAM6 and HER2 and their interaction in archival pathology specimens, also using PLA. The interaction was detected only in CEACAM6/HER2‐double‐positive breast cancer cases, and their PLA score was significantly associated with the efficacy of trastuzumab treatment. Therefore, evaluation of the CEACAM6–HER2 interaction could serve as a marker to predict the efficacy of trastuzumab monotherapy in breast cancer patients. Copyright © 2018 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Using Stepwise Pharmacogenomics and Proteomics to Predict Hepatitis C Treatment Response in Difficult to Treat Patient Populations
Authors: Naggie Susanna , Clement Meredith , Lusk Sam , Osinusi Anu , Himmel Tiffany , Lucas Joseph E. , Thompson Will J. , Dubois Laura , Moseley M. Arthur , Clark Paul J. , Kottilil Shyam , Patel Keyur 
Published: July 2018

PurposeIn the interferon era of hepatitis C virus (HCV) therapies, genotype/subtype, cirrhosis, prior treatment failure, sex, and race predicted relapse. Our objective is to validate a targeted proteomics platform of 17 peptides to predict sustained virologic response (SVR).Experimental designStored plasma from three, open‐label, trials of HIV/HCV‐coinfected subjects receiving interferon‐containing regimens is identified. LC‐MS/MS is used to quantitate the peptides directly from plasma, and IL28B genotyping is completed using stored peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). A logistic regression model is built to analyze the probability of SVR using responders and nonresponders to interferon‐based regimens.ResultsThe cohort (N = 35) is predominantly black (51.4%), male (86%), and with median age 48 years. Most patients achieve SVR (54%). Using multivariable models, it is verified that three human corticosteroid binding globulin (CBG) peptides are predictive of SVR in patients with the unfavorable IL28B genotypes (CT/TT). The model performs better than IL28B alone, with an area under the curve of 0.870.Conclusions and clinical relevanceIn HIV/HCV‐coinfected patients, three human CBG peptides that accurately predict treatment response with interferon‐based therapy are identified. This study suggests that a stepwise approach combining a genetic predictor followed by targeted proteomics can improve the accuracy of clinical decision‐making.
Postoperative rehabilitation of simultaneous rupture of anterior cruciate ligament and patellar ligament: A case report
Authors: Pérez Joaquín , Novoa Gabriel Adrián , Pierobon Andrés , Soliño Santiago , Calvo Delfino Melina , Sajfar Malka Eugenia , Carmody Candela , Vuoto Tomas , Dorado Javier Hernán , Salzberg Sandra 
Published: July 2018

AbstractIntroductionThe simultaneous rupture of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and patellar ligament (PL) is an infrequent condition. Each isolated injury has surgical techniques and rehabilitation protocols that differ widely among each other. Nonetheless, there is no established physical rehabilitation approach when both injuries are associated.ObjectiveThe aim of this report is to describe the rehabilitation and the outcomes obtained in the postoperative period of simultaneous rupture of ACL and PL and the follow‐up period.Case ReportA 21‐year‐old male patient suffered the rupture of ACL and PL after landing from a jump while playing soccer. The knee was immediately immobilized, and 10 weeks later, he was operated in a one‐stage surgery. He initiated his rehabilitation 3 weeks after the surgical resolution. A three‐times a week rehabilitation was implemented to restore range of motion and improve functional status. An extensive evaluation was carried out monthly using dynamic neuromuscular tests and self‐reported questionnaires.ResultsAt the end of the rehabilitation, he presented a complete extension and 130° of knee flexion in passive open kinetic chain. The Single Leg Squat and Landing Error Scoring System showed a good performance, while the Star Excursion Balance Test and the single hops assessments were symmetrical. The International Knee Documentation Committee and Lower Extremity Functional Scale questionnaires yielded values of 90.8% and 77 points, respectively.ConclusionAn approach based on mobility exercises and strengthening of the lower limbs and the core muscles, considering the biological healing times of each particular structure, made it possible to obtain satisfactory results in mobility, functional tests, self‐reported questionnaires, and patient's satisfaction.