bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Minimal strong foliations in skew-products of iterated function systems
Authors: BARRIENTOS PABLO G. , CISNEROS JOEL ANGEL 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
We study locally constant skew-product maps over full shifts of finite symbols with arbitrary compact metric spaces as fiber spaces. We introduce a new criterion to determine the density of leaves of the strong unstable (and strong stable) foliation, that is, for its minimality. When the fiber space is a circle, we show that both strong foliations are minimal for an open and dense set of robustly transitive skew-products. We provide examples where either one foliation is minimal or neither is minimal. Our approach involves investigating the dynamics of the associated iterated function system (IFS). We establish the asymptotic stability of the phase space of the IFS when it is a strict attractor of the system. We also show that any transitive IFS consisting of circle diffeomorphisms that preserve orientation can be approximated by a robust forward and backward minimal, expanding, and ergodic (with respect to Lebesgue) IFS. Lastly, we provide examples of smooth robustly transitive IFSs where either the forward or the backward minimal fails, or both.
Improved effective Łojasiewicz inequality and applications
Authors: Basu Saugata , Mohammad-Nezhad Ali 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Let

$\mathrm {R}$

be a real closed field. Given a closed and bounded semialgebraic set

$A \subset \mathrm {R}^n$

and semialgebraic continuous functions

$f,g:A \rightarrow \mathrm {R}$

such that

$f^{-1}(0) \subset g^{-1}(0)$

, there exist an integer

$N> 0$

and

$c \in \mathrm {R}$

such that the inequality (Łojasiewicz inequality)

$|g(x)|^N \le c \cdot |f(x)|$

holds for all

$x \in A$

. In this paper, we consider the case when A is defined by a quantifier-free formula with atoms of the form

$P = 0, P>0, P \in \mathcal {P}$

for some finite subset of polynomials

$\mathcal {P} \subset \mathrm {R}[X_1,\ldots ,X_n]_{\leq d}$

, and the graphs of

$f,g$

are also defined by quantifier-free formulas with atoms of the form

$Q = 0, Q>0, Q \in \mathcal {Q}$

, for some finite set

$\mathcal {Q} \subset \mathrm {R}[X_1,\ldots ,X_n,Y]_{\leq d}$

. We prove that the Łojasiewicz exponent in this case is bounded by

$(8 d)^{2(n+7)}$

. Our bound depends on d and n but is independent of the combinatorial parameters, namely the cardinalities of

$\mathcal {P}$

and

$\mathcal {Q}$

. The previous best-known upper bound in this generality appeared in P. Solernó, Effective Łojasiewicz Inequalities in Semi-Algebraic Geometry, Applicable Algebra in Engineering, Communication and Computing (1991) and depended on the sum of degrees of the polynomials defining

$A,f,g$

and thus implicitly on the cardinalities of

$\mathcal {P}$

and

$\mathcal {Q}$

. As a consequence, we improve the current best error bounds for polynomial systems under some conditions. Finally, we prove a version of Łojasiewicz inequality in polynomially bounded o-minimal structures. We prove the existence of a common upper bound on the Łojasiewicz exponent for certain combinatorially defined infinite (but not necessarily definable) families of pairs of functions. This improves a prior result of Chris Miller (C. Miller, Expansions of the real field with power functions, Ann. Pure Appl. Logic (1994)).
Sleep apnoea symptoms and sleepiness associate with future diet quality: a prospective analysis in the Bogalusa Heart Study
Authors: Potts Kaitlin S. , Wallace Maeve E. , Gustat Jeanette , Ley Sylvia H. , Qi Lu , Bazzano Lydia A. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractSleep apnoea is a known risk factor for cardiometabolic diseases (CMD), but it is unknown whether sleep apnoea or its symptoms contribute to increased CMD through an association with diet quality. This study assessed the association between sleep apnoea symptoms on future diet quality in the Bogalusa Heart Study (BHS). This prospective study included 445 participants who completed a sleep apnoea questionnaire in 2007–2010 and a FFQ in 2013–2016 (mean follow-up: 5·8 years; age 43·5 years; 34 % male; 71 % White/29 % Black persons). Diet quality was measured with the Alternate Healthy Eating Index (AHEI) 2010, the Healthy Eating Index (HEI) 2015 and the alternate Mediterranean diet score. Adjusted mean differences in dietary patterns by sleep apnoea risk, excessive snoring and daytime sleepiness were estimated with multivariable linear regression. Models included multi-level socio-economic factors, lifestyle and health characteristics including BMI, physical activity and depressive symptoms. Those with high sleep apnoea risk, compared with low, had lower diet quality 5·8 years later (percentage difference in AHEI (95 % CI −2·1 % (–3·5 %, −0·7 %)). Daytime sleepiness was associated with lower diet quality. After adjusting for dietary pattern scores from 2001 to 2002, having high sleep apnoea risk and excessive sleepiness were associated with 1·5 % (P < 0·05) and 3·1 % (P < 0·001) lower future AHEI scores, respectively. These findings suggest that individuals with sleep apnea or excessive sleepiness should be monitored for diet quality and targeted for dietary interventions to improve CMD risk.
Ramsey simplicity of random graphs
Authors: Boyadzhiyska Simona , Clemens Dennis , Das Shagnik , Gupta Pranshu 
Published: December 2024

AbstractA graph
$G$
is
$q$
-Ramsey for another graph
$H$
if in any
$q$
-edge-colouring of
$G$
there is a monochromatic copy of
$H$
, and the classic Ramsey problem asks for the minimum number of vertices in such a graph. This was broadened in the seminal work of Burr, Erdős, and Lovász to the investigation of other extremal parameters of Ramsey graphs, including the minimum degree.It is not hard to see that if
$G$
is minimally
$q$
-Ramsey for
$H$
we must have
$\delta (G) \ge q(\delta (H) - 1) + 1$
, and we say that a graph
$H$
is
$q$
-Ramsey simple if this bound can be attained. Grinshpun showed that this is typical of rather sparse graphs, proving that the random graph
$G(n,p)$
is almost surely
$2$
-Ramsey simple when
$\frac{\log n}{n} \ll p \ll n^{-2/3}$
. In this paper, we explore this question further, asking for which pairs
$p = p(n)$
and
$q = q(n,p)$
we can expect
$G(n,p)$
to be
$q$
-Ramsey simple.We first extend Grinshpun’s result by showing that
$G(n,p)$
is not just
$2$
-Ramsey simple, but is in fact
$q$
-Ramsey simple for any
$q = q(n)$
, provided
$p \ll n^{-1}$
or
$\frac{\log n}{n} \ll p \ll n^{-2/3}$
. Next, when
$p \gg \left ( \frac{\log n}{n} \right )^{1/2}$
, we find that
$G(n,p)$
is not
$q$
-Ramsey simple for any
$q \ge 2$
. Finally, we uncover some interesting behaviour for intermediate edge probabilities. When
$n^{-2/3} \ll p \ll n^{-1/2}$
, we find that there is some finite threshold
$\tilde{q} = \tilde{q}(H)$
, depending on the structure of the instance
$H \sim G(n,p)$
of the random graph, such that
$H$
is
$q$
-Ramsey simple if and only if
$q \le \tilde{q}$
. Aside from a couple of logarithmic factors, this resolves the qualitative nature of the Ramsey simplicity of the random graph over the full spectrum of edge probabilities.
Epi-microRNA mediated metabolic reprogramming counteracts hypoxia to preserve affinity maturation
Authors: Nakagawa Rinako , Llorian Miriam , Varsani-Brown Sunita , Chakravarty Probir , Camarillo Jeannie M. , Barry David , George Roger , Blackledge Neil P. , Duddy Graham , Kelleher Neil L. , Klose Robert J. , Turner Martin , Calado Dinis P. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractTo increase antibody affinity against pathogens, positively selected GC-B cells initiate cell division in the light zone (LZ) of germinal centers (GCs). Among these, higher-affinity clones migrate to the dark zone (DZ) and vigorously proliferate by utilizing energy provided by oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). However, it remains unknown how positively selected GC-B cells adapt their metabolism for cell division in the glycolysis-dominant, cell cycle arrest-inducing, hypoxic LZ microenvironment. Here, we show that microRNA (miR)−155 mediates metabolic reprogramming during positive selection to protect high-affinity clones. Mechanistically, miR-155 regulates H3K36me2 levels in hypoxic conditions by directly repressing the histone lysine demethylase, Kdm2a, whose expression increases in response to hypoxia. The miR-155-Kdm2a interaction is crucial for enhancing OXPHOS through optimizing the expression of vital nuclear mitochondrial genes under hypoxia, thereby preventing excessive production of reactive oxygen species and subsequent apoptosis. Thus, miR-155-mediated epigenetic regulation promotes mitochondrial fitness in high-affinity GC-B cells, ensuring their expansion and consequently affinity maturation.
Non-random mating patterns within and across education and mental and somatic health
Authors: Torvik Fartein Ask , Sunde Hans Fredrik , Cheesman Rosa , Eftedal Nikolai Haahjem , Keller Matthew C. , Ystrom Eivind , Eilertsen Espen Moen 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPartners resemble each other in health and education, but studies usually examine one trait at a time in established couples. Using data from all Norwegian first-time parents (N = 187,926) between 2016–2020, we analyse grade point average at age 16, educational attainment, and medical records of 10 mental and 10 somatic health conditions measured 10 to 5 years before childbirth. We find stronger partner similarity in mental (median r = 0.14) than in somatic health conditions (median r = 0.04), with ubiquitous cross-trait correlations in mental health (median r = 0.13). High grade point average or education is associated with better partner mental (median r = −0.16) and somatic (median r = −0.08) health. Elevated mental health correlations (median r = 0.25) in established couples indicate convergence. Analyses of siblings and in-laws suggest that health similarity is influenced by indirect assortment based on related traits. Adjusting for grade point average or education reduces partner health correlations by 30–40%. These findings have implications for the distribution of risk factors among children, genetic studies, and intergenerational transmission.
Plant microbiota feedbacks through dose-responsive expression of general non-self response genes
Authors: Keppler Andreas , Roulier Michelle , Pfeilmeier Sebastian , Petti Gabriella C. , Sintsova Anna , Maier Benjamin A. , Bortfeld-Miller Miriam , Sunagawa Shinichi , Zipfel Cyril , Vorholt Julia A. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The ability of plants to perceive and react to biotic and abiotic stresses is critical for their health. We recently identified a core set of genes consistently induced by members of the leaf microbiota, termed general non-self response (GNSR) genes. Here we show that GNSR components conversely impact leaf microbiota composition. Specific strains that benefited from this altered assembly triggered strong plant responses, suggesting that the GNSR is a dynamic system that modulates colonization by certain strains. Examination of the GNSR to live and inactivated bacteria revealed that bacterial abundance, cellular composition and exposure time collectively determine the extent of the host response. We link the GNSR to pattern-triggered immunity, as diverse microbe- or danger-associated molecular patterns cause dynamic GNSR gene expression. Our findings suggest that the GNSR is the result of a dose-responsive perception and signalling system that feeds back to the leaf microbiota and contributes to the intricate balance of plant–microbiome interactions.
Assessment of molecular modulation by multifrequency electromagnetic pulses to preferably eradicate tumorigenic cells
Authors: Piredda Roberta , Martínez Luis G. Rodríguez , Stamatakis Konstantinos , Martinez-Ortega Jorge , Ferráz Alejandro López , Almendral José M. , Revilla Yolanda 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPhysics methods of cancer therapy are extensively used in clinical practice, but they are invasive and often confront undesired side effects. A fully new equipment that allows sustained emission of intense and time-controlled non-ionizing multifrequency electromagnetic pulse (MEMP), has been applied to eukaryotic cells in culture. The equipment discriminates the overall electronegative charge of the cell cultures, and its subsequent proportional emission may thereby become higher and lethal to cancer cells of generally high metabolic activity. In contrast, low tumorigenic cells would be much less affected. We tested the specificity and efficacy of the equipment against a collection of (i) highly tumorigenic cells of human (glioblastoma, cervical carcinoma, and skin) and mouse (colon adenocarcinoma) origin; (ii) cell lines of much lower tumorigenicity (non-human primate kidney and mouse fibroblasts), and (iii) primary porcine macrophages lacking tumorigenicity. Time and intensity control of the MEMP allowed progressive decay of viability fairly correlating to cell tumorigenicity, which was provoked by a proportional alteration of the cytoplasmic membrane permeability, cell cycle arrest at G2, and general collapse of the actin cytoskeleton to the perinuclear region. Correspondingly, these effects drastically inhibited the proliferative capacity of the most tumorigenic cells in clonogenic assays. Moreover, MEMP suppressed in a dose-dependent manner the tumorigenicity of retrovirally transduced luciferase expressing colon adenocarcinoma cells in xenografted immune-competent mice, as determined by tumor growth in a bioluminescence imaging system. Our results support MEMP as an anti-cancer non-invasive physical treatment of substantial specificity for tumorigenic cells with promising therapeutic potential in oncology.
Pre-pregnancy obesity is associated with an altered maternal metabolome and reduced Flt3L expression in preterm birth
Authors: Sebina Ismail , Bidgood Charles , Stalley Felicity , Hartel Gunter , Stark Terra , Callaway Leonie , Amoako Akwasi , Lehner Christoph , Dekker Nitert Marloes , Phipps Simon 
Published: December 2024

AbstractMechanisms linking pre-pregnancy obesity to increased preterm birth risk are unclear. Here, we examined the impact of pre-pregnancy obesity on metabolites, Fms-related tyrosine kinase 3 ligand (Flt3L), and proinflammatory cytokine profiles in preterm birth. We used cytokine bead array, ELISA and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) to determine cytokine and metabolite profiles in maternal and cord blood samples from 124 pregnant women in Australia, who gave birth at term (n = 86) or preterm (n = 38). Besides the expected variations in birth weight and gestational age, all demographic characteristics, including pre-pregnancy body mass index, were similar between the term and preterm birth groups. Mothers in the preterm birth group had reduced Flt3L (P = 0.002) and elevated IL-6 (P = 0.002) compared with term birthing mothers. Among mothers who gave birth preterm, those with pre-pregnancy obesity had lower Flt3L levels (P = 0.02) compared with lean mothers. Flt3L and IL-6 were similar in cord blood across both groups, but TNFα levels (P = 0.02) were reduced in preterm newborns. Metabolomic analysis revealed significant shifts in essential metabolites in women with pre-pregnancy obesity, some of which were linked to preterm births. Our findings suggest that maternal pre-pregnancy obesity alters the metabolome and reduces Flt3L expression, potentially increasing risk of preterm birth.
Enzymersatztherapien für lysosomale Speichererkrankungen
Authors: Hennermann Julia B. 
Published: December 2024

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGLysosomale Speichererkrankungen (LSDs) stellen eine Gruppe von > 70 Erkrankungen dar, die alle durch einen angeborenen Defekt der lysosomalen Funktion bedingt sind. Der klinische Verlauf ist durch Progredienz und Multiorganerkrankung mit u. a. Organomegalie, Skelettbeteiligung und z. T. Neurodegeneration charakterisiert.Wichtigste Therapieoption der LSDs ist die Enzymersatztherapie (EET). Aktuell sind in Europa 17 Medikamente zur EET für 12 LSDs zugelassen. Langzeitdaten zeigen, dass die EET zu einer signifikanten Verbesserung einer Vielzahl von Krankheitsmanifestationen, der Lebensqualität sowie des Überlebens führt. Nebenwirkungen der EET sind v. a. immunologische Reaktionen, die zu allergischen Reaktionen oder zur Inaktivierung des infundierten Enzyms führen können. Nicht alle Organsysteme können durch die EET erreicht werden; hierzu zählt auch das zentrale Nervensystem, da die infundierten Enzyme nicht die Bluthirnschranke überwinden können.Neue Präparate mit veränderter chemischer Struktur, die die erwähnten Limitationen der EET umgehen sollen, sind seit kurzem zugelassen oder noch in (prä)klinischer Entwicklung. Von ihnen ist eine weitere Verbesserung des Auskommens der Patient*innen mit LSDs zu erwarten.
Recent Advancements in the Application of Artificial Intelligence in Drug Molecular Generation and Synthesis Planning
Authors: Ma Buyong , Wang Yiguo , Li Xingzi , Shen Chang , Lin Hao , Du Chenxi , Yang Shanlin , Zeng Ruoqing , Tang Xuyang , Hu Jinglei , Yang Yukun , Wang Jingwen , Zhu Jiawei , Shan Xingqian , Zhang Yu , Hu Jiaqing 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe design and synthesis of drug molecules is a pivotal stage in drug development that traditionally requires significant investment in time and finances. However, the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in drug design accelerates the identification of potential drug candidates, optimizes the drug development process, and contributes to more informed decision-making. The application of AI in molecular generation is changing the way researchers explore the chemical space and design novel compounds. It accelerates the process of drug discovery and materials science, enabling rapid exploration of the vast chemical landscapes for the identification of promising candidates for further experimental validation. The application of AI in predicting reaction products accelerates the synthesis planning process, contributes to the automation of synthetic chemistry tasks, and supports chemists in making informed decisions during drug discovery. This paper reviewed the recent advances in two interrelated areas: the application of AI in molecular generation and synthesis routes. It will provide insights into the innovative ways in which AI is transforming traditional approaches in drug development and predict its future progress in these key fields.
Exploring Nontraumatic Brain Hemorrhage in Sudden and Unexpected Deaths: A Novel Autopsy-Based Investigation
Authors: Kanani Jayeshkumar , Sheikh Mohammed Iliyas 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background There has been a surge in sudden and unexpected deaths, presenting a significant challenge for health policymakers and researchers. These individuals showed no signs of recent or past illnesses and died suddenly during routine activities like walking, standing, or working.
Objective This study focuses on exploring nontraumatic brain hemorrhage as a cause of death in autopsies of individuals without prior illnesses. The research aims to explore patterns, prevalence, and risk factors associated with nontraumatic brain hemorrhage, specifically obesity in sudden and unexpected deaths.
Materials and Methods This retrospective, observational study was conducted using autopsy cases with nontraumatic brain hemorrhage as the identified cause of sudden and unexpected deaths. Information on demographic details, medical history, and circumstances surrounding the deaths was collected. The cases were classified based on the body mass index according to the classification of the World Health Organization.
Results From April 2023 to January 2024, 10 cases of sudden and unexpected deaths due to nontraumatic brain hemorrhage were identified. Key findings included predominantly cases of obesity or overweight, deaths occurring predominantly between 8 p.m. and midnight, and all cases being males.
Conclusion The study sheds light on the surge in sudden deaths, specifically attributed to nontraumatic brain hemorrhage. The findings reveal a significant association between obesity and brain hemorrhage in sudden deaths, especially among males. The study's temporal analysis adds depth to understanding these patterns.
Nb-doping in (Mn,Fe)2(P,Ge) giant magnetocaloric materials
Authors: Li Yuliang , Ou Zhiqiang , Yibole Hargen , Li Yingjie , Jiang Ning , Gegen Bao , Xing Shouyuan , Sumen Haramtan , Tegus Ojiyed 
Published: December 2024

The influence of Nb substitutions on the structure, magnetoelastic transition, and magnetocaloric properties is investigated in MnFe1−xNbxP0.76Ge0.24 (x = 0, 0.02, 0.04, 0.6) compounds. Powder XRD show that the compounds crystallize in the hexagonal Fe2P-type crystal structure (space group P6̄2 m) and contain minor amount of MnO impurity phase. At a low applied magnetic field (&lt;1.6 T), the isothermal entropy change of the Nb-substituted MnFe0.98Nb0.02P0.76Ge0.24 sample is higher than that of the parent or more substituted samples, reaching a maximum of 14.0 J kg−1 K−1. Nb substitutions are found to efficiently reduce the thermal hysteresis in Ge-based Fe2P magnetocaloric materials; for instance, only 6 at. % of Nb for Fe substitution reduces the thermal hysteresis from 7.6 to 2.6 K while preserving giant magnetocaloric effect. Direct ΔTad measurements confirm the cyclic character of the giant magnetocaloric effect for x = 0.02.
Motion-related image schemas in Serbian journalistic articles
Authors: Pavlović Vladan , Janić Mitić Aleksandra , Mitić Ivana 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The paper explores various aspects of conceptualization based on motion-related image schemas and their
combinations. It does so based on a custom-made and self-annotated linguistic corpus belonging to the journalistic register in
Serbian, used for obtaining various descriptive and inferential statistical data interpreted qualitatively. It demonstrates that
image schemas exhibit a marked clustering tendency and that they appear to interact with one another and with the categorical
variables (newspaper, topic) in non-trivial ways. It reinterprets scale as a higher order principle (rather than an image
schema per se) specifying the intensity with which other schemas occur. This, in turn, has enabled formalization of intensities of
individual image schemas participating in the established image schema complexes, with important consequences for further
research, including the exploration of the dynamic nature of schema interaction and meaning construction not only in language but
also other semiotic domains.
Anisotropic quark stars in
gravity*
Authors: Tangphati Takol , Sakallı İzzet , Banerjee Ayan , Pradhan Anirudh 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
We investigated the impact of

gravity on the internal structure of compact stars, expecting this theory to manifest prominently in the high-density cores of such stars. We considered the algebraic function

, where α represents the matter-geometry coupling constant. We specifically chose the matter Lagrangian density

to explore compact stars with anisotropic pressure. To this end, we employed the MIT bag model as an equation of state. Subsequently, we numerically solved the hydrostatic equilibrium equations to obtain mass-radius relations for quark stars (QSs), examining static stability criteria, adiabatic index, and speed of sound. Finally, we used recent astrophysical data to constrain the coupling parameter α, which may lead to either larger or smaller masses for QSs, compared to their counterparts in general relativity.