bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Circumglobal Response to Prescribed Soil Moisture over North America
Authors: Teng Haiyan , Branstator Grant , Tawfik Ahmed B. , Callaghan Patrick 
Published: March 2019

AbstractA series of idealized prescribed soil moisture experiments is performed with the atmosphere/land stand-alone configuration of the Community Earth System Model, version 1, in an effort to find sources of predictability for high-impact stationary wave anomalies observed in recent boreal summers. We arbitrarily prescribe soil water to have a zero value at selected domains in the continental United States and run 100-member ensembles to examine the monthly and seasonal mean response. Contrary to the lack of a substantial response in the boreal winter, the summertime circulation response is robust, consistent, and circumglobal. While the stationary wave response over the North America and North Atlantic sectors can be well explained by the reaction of a linear dynamical system to heating anomalies caused by the imposed dry land surface, nonlinear processes involving synoptic eddies play a crucial role in forming the remote response in Eurasia and the North Pacific Ocean. A number of other possible factors contributing to the circulation responses are also discussed. Overall, the experiments suggest that, in the boreal summer, soil moisture may contribute to the predictability of high-impact stationary wave events, which can impact regions that are great distances from these source regions.
Grape seed proanthocyanidin extract alleviates arsenic-induced lung damage through NF-κB signaling
Authors: Hu Yunhua , Wei Meng , Niu Qiang , Ma Rulin , Li Yu , Wang Xianhua , Feng Gangling , Li Shugang , Pang Lijuan 
Published: March 2019

Proanthocyanidin has beneficial features such as free radical scavenging, anti-inflammation, and anti-oxidation. There is no study on whether proanthocyanidin could protect against arsenic-induced respiratory inflammatory damage. The aim of the study is to examine the anti-inflammatory effects of proanthocyanidin and the molecular mechanisms in vivo and in vitro. BEAS-2B cells were treated with As2O3, grape seed proanthocyanidin extract (GSPE), and/or BAY 11–7082. Kunming mice were treated with As2O3 and/or GSPE. p-IκB-α, IκB-α, IKKα/β, NF-κBp65, and NF-κBp50 were assessed by Western blot and qRT-PCR. Lung histology was examined. Arsenic affected the histology of the mouse lungs, but GSPE attenuated those effects. As2O3 increased cell apoptosis, which was reversed by GSPE. In cells and mouse lung tissue, arsenic increased the expression of IL-1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, and C-reactive protein, and these effects were attenuated by GSPE. In cells and mouse lung tissue, arsenic enhanced the mRNA and protein levels of IKKα, IKKβ, NF-κBp65, and NF-κBp50, while the IκB-α levels were decreased compared with controls. IKKα, IKKβ, NF-κBp65, and NF-κBp50 mRNA and protein levels in the As2O3+GSPE groups were lower and IκB-α levels were higher than that in the arsenic groups. Arsenic-activated NF-κB signaling induced inflammatory damage through the upregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines and downregulation of anti-inflammatory cytokines. GSPE plays a beneficial role against arsenic-induced inflammatory damage through, at least in part, the suppression of the arsenic-induced NF-κB signaling pathway. Impact statement Arsenic-induced respiratory inflammatory damage is an important occupational hazard in many areas of the world, particularly in underdeveloped and developing countries. Effective treatments are lacking and expensive. Therefore, the aim of the study was to examine the anti-inflammatory effects of proanthocyanidin (PC) and the molecular mechanisms in vivo and in vitro. The present study showed that PC extracted from grape seed could attenuate the lung damage in a mouse model of arsenic poisoning. The effects were observed at the level of lung histology and inflammasome expression. This study suggests that a natural compound is effective in mitigating the toxic effects of arsenic in the lungs, providing an inexpensive and more readily accessible method for treating arsenic exposure in some parts of the world.
Singleton molecular species delimitation based on COI-5P barcode sequences revealed high cryptic/undescribed diversity for Chinese katydids (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae)
Authors: Zhou Zhijun , Guo Huifang , Han Li , Chai Jinyan , Che Xuting , Shi Fuming 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Background
DNA barcoding has been developed as a useful tool for species discrimination. Several sequence-based species delimitation methods, such as Barcode Index Number (BIN), REfined Single Linkage (RESL), Automatic Barcode Gap Discovery (ABGD), a Java program uses an explicit, determinate algorithm to define Molecular Operational Taxonomic Unit (jMOTU), Generalized Mixed Yule Coalescent (GMYC), and Bayesian implementation of the Poisson Tree Processes model (bPTP), were used. Our aim was to estimate Chinese katydid biodiversity using standard DNA barcode cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI-5P) sequences.

Results
Detection of a barcoding gap by similarity-based analyses and clustering-base analyses indicated that 131 identified morphological species (morphospecies) were assigned to 196 BINs and were divided into four categories: (i) MATCH (83/131 = 64.89%), morphospecies were a perfect match between morphospecies and BINs (including 61 concordant BINs and 22 singleton BINs); (ii) MERGE (14/131 = 10.69%), morphospecies shared its unique BIN with other species; (iii) SPLIT (33/131 = 25.19%, when 22 singleton species were excluded, it rose to 33/109 = 30.28%), morphospecies were placed in more than one BIN; (iv) MIXTURE (4/131 = 5.34%), morphospecies showed a more complex partition involving both a merge and a split. Neighbor-joining (NJ) analyses showed that nearly all BINs and most morphospecies formed monophyletic cluster with little variation. The molecular operational taxonomic units (MOTUs) were defined considering only the more inclusive clades found by at least four of seven species delimitation methods. Our results robustly supported 61 of 109 (55.96%) morphospecies represented by more than one specimen, 159 of 213 (74.65%) concordant BINs, and 3 of 8 (37.5%) discordant BINs.

Conclusions
Molecular species delimitation analyses generated a larger number of MOTUs compared with morphospecies. If these MOTU splits are proven to be true, Chinese katydids probably contain a seemingly large proportion of cryptic/undescribed taxa. Future amplification of additional molecular markers, particularly from the nuclear DNA, may be especially useful for specimens that were identified here as problematic taxa.
Potential Role of Metal Chelation to Prevent the Cardiovascular Complications of Diabetes
Authors: Calderon Moreno Rossana , Navas-Acien Ana , Escolar Esteban , Nathan David M , Newman Jonathan , Schmedtje John F , Diaz Denisse , Lamas Gervasio A , Fonseca Vivian 
Published: March 2019

AbstractContextFor decades, there has been epidemiologic evidence linking chronic toxic metal exposure with cardiovascular disease, suggesting a therapeutic role for metal chelation. Given the lack of compelling scientific evidence, however, the indications for metal chelation were never clearly defined. To determine the safety and efficacy of chelation therapy, the National Institutes of Health funded the Trial to Assess Chelation Therapy (TACT). TACT was the first double-blind, randomized, controlled trial to demonstrate an improvement in cardiovascular outcomes with edetate disodium therapy in patients with prior myocardial infarction. The therapeutic benefit was striking among the prespecified subgroup of patients with diabetes.DesignWe review the published literature focusing on the atherogenic nature of diabetes, as well as available evidence from clinical trials, complete and in progress, of metal chelation with edetate disodium therapy in patients with diabetes.ResultsThe TACT results support the concept that ubiquitous toxic metals such as lead and cadmium may be modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular disease, particularly in patients with diabetes.ConclusionsThe purpose of this review is to discuss the potential mechanisms unifying the pathogenesis of atherogenic factors in diabetes with toxic metal exposure, and the potential role of metal chelation.
Comparative analysis of social and political views of Russian and American youth
Authors: Popov Nikolay P. 
Published: March 2019

The generation of adults aged 18 to 35 is gaining popularity in Russia and America. They are often referred to as Millennials or post-Millennials and have been greatly influenced by the computer boom and electronic gadgets, Internet and social media. This digital environment has significantly changed their information consumption, interests, forms of communication with peers and the outside world. Teachers, psychologists and sociologists believe that their psychology and life values ​​have also changed, which brings them closer to their peers around the world than to the older generations in their country. If so, then we should expect changes in the nature of relations between countries (especially when these generations come to power) and a decline in conflict around the world, if new leaders are able to better understand each other sharing common values. The paper provides a comparative analysis of social and political views of younger generations in the United States and Russia. The analysis reveals both numerous common features of their social psychology and value system and differences inherited from the traditions of political culture in their countries, modes of socialization, and stereotypes of thinking.
Total chromium removal from electroplating wastewater using Artocarpus Altilis leaves as adsorbent with continuous flow
Authors: Hardoyo Hardoyo , Prilitasari Nurbaiti Marsas , Natalina Natalina 
Published: March 2019

Limbah cair elektroplating yang mengandung kromium (Cr) merupakan limbah yang berbahaya terhadap lingkungan. Limbah tersebut harus diolah terlebih dahulu sebelum dibuang ke lingkungan. Salah satu jenis pengolahan limbah cair yang mengandung Cr adalah proses adsorpsi. Batang dan daun Artocarpus altilis (daun sukun) mempunyai potensi untuk digunakan sebagai adsorben untuk mengolah limbah cair yang mengandung Cr. Proses aktivasi pada pembuatan adsorben dapat dilakukan secara asam ataupun non asam. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui potensi daun sukun untuk mengadsopsi total Cr yang terkandung dalam limbah cair electroplating. Penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan reactor dari pipa berukuran panjang 12 cm dan diameter 1,3 cm dengan aliran keatas secara kontinyu. Debit aliran yang digunakan pada penelitian ini sebesar 0,255 cm3/det. Total Cr diukur menggunakan Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa adsorpsi menggunakan yang dihasilkan dengan proses asam dapat mereduksi total-Cr dari 77,45 mg/l menjadi 0,474 mg/l (99,34) %, sedang adsorpsi menggunakan adsorben yang dihasilkan dengan proses non asam hanya menurunkan total-Cr dari 77,45 mg/l hingga mencapai 4,753 mg/l (93,86 %). Adsorpsi menggunakan adsorben daun Sukun yang diproduksi melalui proses asam dapat digunakan untuk mengolah limbah cair electroplating yang mengandung Cr sebab konsentrasi limbah terolah lebih rendah 0,5 mg/l ( sesuai Peraturan Menteri Lingkungan Hidup No.5, 2014)
First report, along with nomenclature adjustments, of Ulva ohnoi, U. tepida and U. torta (Ulvaceae, Ulvales, Chlorophyta) from northwestern Mexico
Authors: Chávez-Sánchez Tonatiuh , Piñón-Gimate Alejandra , Melton III James T. , López-Bautista Juan Manuel , Casas-Valdez Margarita 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Examining morphological and anatomical characters, eight bloom-forming Ulva species were identified from La Paz Bay, Gulf of California, Mexico. However, DNA sequencing, using a multi-gene approach (rbcL, ITS2 and tufA) revealed that, of the eight species, four species were genetically distinct, none of which belonged to the species they would have been ascribed based on morpho-anatomical observations. The Ulva lactuca and Ulva rigida morphotypes (blades two cells thick, unbranched, attached by a small discoid holdfast) corresponded to Ulva ohnoi; the Ulva intestinalis morphotype (tubular and smooth thallus, one cell thick) corresponded to Ulva tepida; the Ulva clathrata and Ulva flexuosa morphotypes (tubular to slightly compressed thallus) corresponded to Ulva torta. The Ulva acanthophora morphotype (more or less tubular, profusely branched) did not correspond molecularly to any currently described species. Attempts to sequence the remaining two species, morpho-anatomically identified as Ulva lobata and Ulva nematoidea, were unsuccessful. This study similarly highlights the high degree of cryptic diversity in the genus Ulva, provides a nomenclature adjustment for several species of the genus Ulva from northwestern Mexico and is the first to report U. ohnoi, U. tepida and U. torta for the region.
A simple proof of Pitman–Yor’s Chinese restaurant process from its stick-breaking representation
Authors: Lawless Caroline , Arbel Julyan 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
For a long time, the Dirichlet process has been the gold standard discrete random measure in Bayesian nonparametrics. The Pitman-Yor process provides a simple and mathematically tractable generalization, allowing for a very flexible control of the clustering behaviour. Two commonly used representations of the Pitman-Yor process are the stick-breaking process and the Chinese restaurant process. The former is a constructive representation of the process which turns out very handy for practical implementation, while the latter describes the partition distribution induced. Obtaining one from the other is usually done indirectly with use of measure theory. In contrast, we propose here an elementary proof of Pitman-Yor’s Chinese Restaurant process from its stick-breaking representation.
Crystal structure of catena-poly[diaqua-bis(3,5-dichloropyridine-4-carboxylato-κ1
O)-bis(μ2-4,4′-bipyridine-κ2
N:N′)cobalt(II)], C22H16Cl4CoN4O6
Authors: Li Xiao-Ling , Feng Kai-Xin , Xin Ling-Yun 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
C22H16Cl4CoN4O6, orthorhombic, P21212 (no. 18), a = 10.1837(5) Å, b = 11.2878(6) Å, c = 11.3984(4) Å, V = 1310.26(11) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0400, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0910, T = 290(2) K.
La verdad y la justicia frente a la prueba en el proceso penal
Authors: Vicu Maximo , Castillo Galvis Sergio Hernando 
Published: March 2019

ResumenEl articulo 361 del Código de Procedimiento Penal prohibe de manera ab- soluta al juez del conocimiento decretar pruebas de oficio, restringiendo la bus- queda de la verdad y la justicia; y por ello, en esta investigación, se pretende establecer la incidencia de los derechos sociales a la verdad y la justicia, por cuenta de la limitación de la prueba oficiosa en el proceso penal; utilizando la hermenéutica y el análisis documental sobre libros, artículos y sentencias de la Corte Suprema de Justicia y la Constitucional previamente clasificados. Se identificaron criterios encontrados entre las Altas Cortes frente a la prohibición de la practica de la prueba de oficio en el sistema adversarial. La posición to- mada por la Corte Constitucional quiebra el sistema jurídico mixto, porque con la prohibición impuesta al juez del conocimiento desconoce los principios a la verdad y la justicia plasmados en el preambulo de la Norma Superior. AbstractThe Article 361 of Criminal Procedure Code absolutely prohibits the order of evidence by the judge, restricting the search for truth and justice. Objective: To establish the incidence of the social rights to the truth and justice by the limitation of the officious evidence in criminal proceedings. We used herme- neutic and documentary analysis of books, articles and judgments of Constitu- tional and Supreme Court Justice previously classified. Results: We identified the criteria exposed by the High Courts in front of the prohibitions of officious evidence in the adversarial system. Conclusions: The position taken by the Constitutional Court brakes the mixed legal system because the prohibition imposed on the judge on the case is unknown principia of truth and justice enshrined in the preamble to the higher standard.
Efeito de Diferentes Potenciais Osmóticos sobre a Germinação e o Desenvolvimento de Plântulas de Feijão Enxofre
Authors: De Araújo Marlon Lima , De Magalhães Ana Caroline Messias , De Abreu Marcos Giovane Pedroza , Maciel James Araújo , Melhorança Filho André Luiz 
Published: March 2019

Em vista das variações climáticas ocasionadas pelas mudanças do clima mundial, a agricultura busca novas alternativas de plantas que possam se desenvolver e produzir em condições adversas (seca ou chuvas excessivas). O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar a germinação e o desenvolvimento inicial de sementes do feijão enxofre sob diferentes potenciais osmóticos. As sementes foram postas para germinar em papel germitest embebido em solução de cloreto de sódio nos potenciais osmóticos: 0; -0,1; -0,2; -0,3; -0,4; -0,5; -1; -1,5; -2,0 MPa. Para a análise dos dados foram utilizados os índices de velocidade de germinação (IVG), coeficiente de velocidade de germinação CVG (%), porcentagem de germinação, comprimento da radícula (CRF) e hipocótilo final (CHF), tempo médio de germinação (TMG). Observou-se redução nos índices de IVG, G (%), CVG (%), CRF, CHF e aumento no TMG, nos potenciais de -0,1; -0,2; -0,3; -0,4; MPa. O IVG apresentou redução em todos os potenciais. Conclui-se que a variedade feijão enxofre não reduziu sua germinação em função das condições de potencial hídrico, fato que não foi observado nos demais parâmetros (IVG, TMG e CVG%), que apresentaram interferências negativas significativas, mostrando que apesar de ser exposto a situações de baixa disponibilidade hídrica, o feijão enxofre não reduz seu estande, mostrando potencial de uso em áreas de seca ou solos salinos. Palavras-chave: Feijão Enxofre. Germinação. Potencial Osmótico. AbstractIn view of the climatic variations caused by changes in the global climate, agriculture seeks new alternatives of plants that can develop and produce in adverse conditions (drought or excessive rain). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the germination and early development of sulfur beans seeds under different osmotic potentials. The seeds were put to germinate in germitest paper soaked in sodium chloride solution osmotic potential: 0; -0.1; -0.2; -0.3; -0.4; -0.5; -1; -1.5; -2.0 MPa. For data analysis the germination speed index (IVG), germination speed CVG coefficient (%), germination percentage, length of the radicle (CRF) and hypocotilum (CHF), average time of germination (TMG) were used. Reduction was observed in the indices of IVG, G (%), CVG (%), CRF, CHF and increase in TMG, the potential of-0.1 0.2 0.3;0.4; MPa. IVG exhibited reduction in all the potentials. It is concluded that the sulfur beans variety did not reduce its germination conditions of water potential, a fact that was not observed in the other parameters (IVG, TMG and CVG%) which ave significant adverse interference, showing that despite being exposed to situations of low water availability the sulfur beans does not reduce its stand, showing potential for use in dry areas or saline soils. Keywords: Sulfur Beans. Germination. Osmotic Potential.
Endemik Alyssum discolor'un (Brassicaceae) Tohum Çimlenmesi ve Kök-Gövde Gelişimi Üzerine Nikel, Bakır ve Demir Etkisi
Authors: ÖZAY Cennet 
Published: March 2019

Bu çalışmada, Brassicaceae familyasından endemik Alyssum discolortohumlarınafarklı konsantrasyonlarda (0.2-5.0 mM) klor tuzu şeklinde uygulanan bazı ağır metallerin (Ni, Cu ve Fe) tohum çimlenmesi ve kök-gövde gelişimi üzerindeki etkileri incelendi. Ayrıca A. discolor’un toprak üstü kısmındaki Ni, Cu ve Fe içerikleri, İndüktif Eşleşmiş Plazma-Optik Emisyon Spektrometrisi (ICP-OES) ile belirlendi.Tohumlar, plastik petriler içerisindeki şişme ortamı sıvısıyla ıslatılmış çift katlı kaba filtre kağıtlarının üzerine, her bir petriye 25’er tohum gelecek şekilde ekildi. Ekimden hemen sonra kapağı kapatılan petriler etüve kaldırıldı ve 72 saat süreyle 23-24ºC’de karanlık ortamda çimlenmeye bırakıldı. 72 saat sonunda radikula belirimi esasına göre tohumların çimlenme oranları tespit edildi ve her bir gruptaki çimlenen kök ve gövde uzunlukları ölçüldü. Tohum çimlenmesi, uygulanan ağır metal konsantrasyonlarındaki artışa paralel olarak azalırken,kök ve gövde uzunluklarının ise Fe hariç Ni ve Cu uygulamalarında konsantrasyon artışına bağlı olarak önemli düzeyde (P&lt;0.05) azaldığı belirlendi. Serpantin özellik göstermeyen bir alandan toplanan A. discolor’uniçerdiği Ni konsantrasyonu 13.48 ± 0.44 mg/kg olarak tespit edildi. A. discolor’ungövde kuru ağırlığınınNi konsantrasyonu 1000 mg/kg'dan daha az olduğu için Ni hiperakümülatörü özelliği göstermediği, bu sebepten dolayı da Ni’den etkilendiği ve tolerans gösteremediği sonucuna ulaşılabilir.
Synthesis of Some Mixed ligands Complexes of (2-hydroxy benzaldine)-4-amino Antipyrine and 1,10-phenanthroline and Studying their antibacterial activity
Authors: Journal Baghdad Science 
Published: March 2019

Complexes from the ligand (2-hydroxy benzaldine)-4-aminoantipyrine with some transition metal ions V(l?),Cr(lll),Fe(lll) and Co(ll) were prepared in the presence of the co-ligand 1,10-phenanthroline in alcoholic medium. These compounds were characterized by the available techniques: FT-IR ,UV-Visible ,magnetic susceptibility, Flame atomic absorption technique as well as elemental analysis and conductivity mesurments .From these spectral studies, a square pyramidal structure proposed for V(IV) complex and an octahedral geometry for Cr(III),Fe(III) and Co(II) complexes. The biological activity of the ligands and their complexes were evaluated by a gar plate diffusion technique against three human pathogenic bacterial strains: Pseudomonas aerogenuosa, E.schriachia coli. and Staphlococcus arureus. Some of the complexes were found	to have a good antibacterial activity a gainst these pathogens.
Wicking Salts from Brine‐Contaminated Soils: A Potential Method for In Situ Remediation
Authors: Green Aaron W. , DeSutter Thomas M. , Daigh Aaron L. M. , Meehan Miranda A. 
Published: March 2019

Core Ideas
“Wicking” salts from brine‐impacted soils may be an effective means of remediation.
Wicking materials reduced the mass of Na in brine‐impacted soil columns up to 88%.
This method may expedite remediation of brine‐impacted soils with shallow water tables.
Accidental releases of brine, derived from oil and gas development, in the Williston Basin in North America have become frequent in recent years. Oil‐field brines are primarily composed of sodium chloride and exhibit electrical conductivities exceeding 200 dS m−1 and total dissolved solids exceeding 250 g L−1. Current in situ remediation strategies involve the incorporation of divalent‐cation rich amendments to displace and then rain and irrigation to leach sodium out of the soil profile. These methods in semiarid climates, where the evaporative demand exceeds precipitation, often achieves limited results. This study assessed the effectiveness of remediating brine‐contamination by “wicking” salts from the soil surface when a shallow water table is present. During a 5‐wk period, two engineered paper‐based humidifier wicks and two nonengineered wicks (wheat straw and hydraulic mulch) placed on the surface of brine‐contaminated soils reduced the total soil Na concentrations by 65 to 88% and 5 to 80%, respectively. Our results indicate that deployment of engineered wicks or similar, more cost effective materials may be an effective in situ remediation strategy that merits further field‐scale investigation.