bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The sustainable economic value of agroforestry products in community forest areas in Suka Tendel Village, Tiga Nderket District, Karo Regency, North Sumatra Province
Authors: Rambey R , Lubis R A , Kembaren Y , Rahmawaty  , Delvian  , Saraan M , Rauf A , Suratman M N , Gandaseca S , Abdullah M F 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Most of agroforestry products are non-timber forest products which are a source of income for communities around the forest. Suka Tendel Village is a village located in a Community Forest area which has various agroforestry commodities. This research aims to identify the potential agroforestry product and annual crops, determine the ability of variables (age, education, length of farming, land area, number of types, number of stems, and capital) in explaining the variable income of farmer groups in the Social Forestry management area in Suka Tendel Village. The method used is the observation and survey method by interviewing members of active farmer groups, then continuing with analyzing the data using financial feasibility analysis and multiple linear regression analysis. Based on the research results, 4 species agroforestry commodities and 7 species of annual crop commodities were found. The ability of the independent variables (age, education, length of farming, land area, number of types, number of plants and capital) simultaneously to explain income at Gundaling farmer is 48.7% with the remaining 51.3% being influenced by other variables.
From waste to wealth: an economic analysis of briquette from empty fruit bunch within the circular economy framework
Authors: Wibowo R P , Nasution P N S , Nur T B , Pebriyani D 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Indonesia as a palm oil producing country certainly requires sustainable waste management system. The large amount of biomass from palm oil will cause environmental problems. Processing agricultural waste using pyrolysis technology is one of the methods that could be used to reduced waste to energy source. The development of the palm oil biomass (EFB) into briquette needs a feasible economic valuation. Research conducted in Bekiung Village, Kuala District, Langkat Regency, North Sumatra. Focus Group Discussion was conducted with oil palm farmers who are members of BUMDES Bangun Mandiri, which is a Village-state owned enterprise. The feasibility and sensitivity analysis of EFB briquette was analyzed using NPV, IRR and Payback Period. The results of sensitivity analysis show that a business is still feasible despite the decreasing in selling prices by 5% and 10% or increasing in operational cost by 5%, 10% and 15%. Meanwhile business become not feasible if there is a 15% decreasing in selling prices or 20% increasing in operational cost.
Processing corn cob waste (Zea mays L) into bioethanol
Authors: Panggabean S , Sebayang E S , Sukma M A 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
As a country that requires large energy sources to meet its needs, Indonesia needs alternative energy sources to meet its energy needs. Bioethanol is an alternative energy source that can be produced using biomass which is rich in glucose, fiber and starch. Bioethanol in this research was produced through a chemical degradation process of corn cob powder using strong acid in the form of 0.3 M hydrochloric acid in three volume levels, namely 600 mL, 650 mL, and 700 mL followed by a biological degradation process using yeast for seven days. After three, five and seven days, water and bioethanol are separated through steam temperature differences. The amount of glucose contained in corn cob powder before hydrolysis was 27.25%. After hydrolysis, the largest percentage of glucose was obtained from hydrolysis with a volume of 600 ml of HCl, namely 14.7%. Likewise, the largest percentage of ethanol was also at the same volume on the fifth day of fermentation at 14%.
The effect of triacontanol on the flowering of Gladiolus (Gladiolus hybridus)
Authors: Iriani F , Zuyasna  , Sari L A 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Gladiolus plant is one of the ornamental flower plants that is used as cut flowers. The economic value of cut flowers depends on the length of the stalk along the stalk, the brightness of the color of the petals, and the length of time the flowers are vaselife. Triacontanol compounds (TA) are long-chain alcohol compounds, and are generally able to stimulate the flowering process and fruit enlargement. The study used a one-factor randomized block design, including four treatments and six blocks. Gladiolus plants aged 15 days after planting have been applied with TA compounds at concentration levels of 15 g−4.L−1, 30g−4.L−1, and 45 g−4.L−1 through above soils surface, apparently giving different effects on the quality of gladiolus cut flowers. The comes about appeared that TA fertilization at a concentration of 45 g−4.L−1 was the best depending on the age of flower bud appearance, flower harvest age, flower stem length, flower diameter and and 5-day Relative Growth Rate. This study aimed to examine the effects of TA compounds at different concentrations on flowering of gladiolus. TA compounds had a better effect when given in a concentration of 45g−4.L−1 for all observed response variables.
Comparison of electricity generated from biogas conversion
Authors: Raju  
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The greatest way to establish a healthy ecosystem is through industrial waste processing and agriculture. Cow dung and palm oil liquid waste are examples of the agricultural and industrial waste that can be converted into biogas. With the help of additional materials including sawdust, water hyacinth, rice straw, corn cobs, and EM4, which acts as an activator for bacteria during fermentation, biogas is created through the fermentation of agricultural and industrial waste. To obtain the optimal outcome regarding the applied electric power was the aim of this study. Four processes are used to turn biogas into electricity. P4 is a mixture of palm oil liquid waste and saw dust, while P1, P2, and P3 are mixtures of cow dung and rice straw, corn cobs and water hyacinth, respectively. The result showed that the highest of average electricity is 836 watts which is resulted from combination between rice straw and cow dung.
Rotor modification in mechanical nutmeg fruit breaker and seed separator
Authors: Iqbal R M , Ayu P C , Rohanah A 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
To meet the export needs of nutmeg, the role of the community and government is needed for productivity with utilize the use of more efficient agricultural technology. In Sipahutar,2022 research, there were still many nutmegs that were not perfectly broken. The purpose of this research is to modify the rotor on the nutmeg splitter. In this study, the physical properties of nutmeg were measured to determine the rotor distance and the required power. Furthermore, this tool is feasible to use as a result of the NPV> 0 value which is Rp. 1,254,544,308 / year at an interest rate of 6% and Rp. 1,167,556,065 / year at an interest rate of 10%. BEP value of 3. 927.273 Kg / year. And the IRR value on this tool is 67.69%. This research is focused on determining the dimensions of each component such as V-belt, rotor breaker, power from the design combustion motor using solidwork.
Fishing season index for Sardinella sp. in boat lift net fishing gear in western waters of North Sumatera province
Authors: Fadhilah A , Simanjuntak M S Y M 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Boat Lift Net is one of the active fishing gears in the West Coast, Sumatera Utara with the main catch of Sardinella (Sardinella sp.). Fishermen from Boat Lift Net fishing gear still use traditional methods in the form of natural signs at certain times to look for fish. This has an impact on the effectiveness of fishing which is less accurate. This study seeks to identify the fishing season index for Sardinella (Sardinella sp.) by analyzing the catch and the quantity of fishing trips. The method of determining the fishing season index in Western Waters provides an accurate fishing season for fishermen. The results of the analysis of the fishing season index of 2018-2022 in Western Waters show that the peak season of Sardinella (Sardinella sp.) fishing occurs in June-October which occurs in the eastern season to the middle of the second transitional season and in April in the first transitional season. The highest fishing season index for tembang (Sardinella sp.) was recorded in September, at the start of transition season II, with a value of 124.27%. Conversely, the lowest index value was observed in November, at the end of transition season II, with a value of 82.5%.
Quality analysis of dried anchovies (Stolephorus sp .) from Belawan production
Authors: Dewinta A F , Imam K , Susetya I E , Bimasuci H 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Dried anchovies (Stolephorus sp.) are one of the widely consumed fishery products, both in the domestic market and the export market but has the disadvantage of being easily spoiled if not consumed immediately or processed further, so proper handling is needed to maintain quality. The goal of this research was to determine the physical, chemical, microbiological quality and quality conformity of Dried anchovies (Stolephorus sp.) in Belawan Production with Quality Standards. This study was carried out in February to April 2024. The results showed that the quality of dried anchovy on organoleptic values at each production site had a value of 7-9. Chemical quality obtained ash content value of 13.42%-16.53%, salt content of 7.11%-7.26% moisture content of 43.74%-52.11% and formalin content of 0 mg/kg. Microbiological quality includes Total Plate Count (TPC) of 0.9 x 105 -2.2 x 105 colonies/gram, Escherichia coli of <3.0 CFU/gram, and Staphylococcus aureus of <101 colonies/gram. The quality of dried anchovy based on Quality Standards for organoleptic values, salt content, moisture content, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Total Plate Count (TPC) in Production Unit 3 and Ship 3 has met the quality standards.
Meristic and morphometrics of tinfoil barb (Barbonymus schwanefeldii) in the Lau Belawan River, Pancur Batu, North Sumatera Province
Authors: Desrita  , Ilyas S , Waruwu F A N 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Lau Belawan River has several unique fish species, including tinfoil barb (Barbonymuus schwanefeldii). Tinfoil barb is one of the consumption fisheries resources with a fairly high price. The fishing trend along the Lau Belawan River carried out by fishermen also pays little attention to the sustainability of fish population resources. This study aims to determine the morphometrics and meristic of tinfoil barb (Barbonymus schwanefeldii) in Lau Belawan River, Pancur Batu, North Sumatera. This research was conducted from November 2023 to January 2024 for 3 months. Fish were caught using electrofishing units with a voltage of 24 volts. Analysis of morphometric characteristics of tinfoil barb in the Lau Belawan River there is a cluster of 1 type of fish that has the same characteristics consisting of k27, k52, k26, station II consists of k8, k46, k2, k1 and station III consists of k79, k110, k112. Number of Linnea literal scales range of 32-36, 32, 32-38, the transverse body scales range 16-18, 14-16,12-16, frontal scales of the dorsal fin range 15-16, 15,12-16, scales around the caudal trunk 16, number of dorsal fins DIII.8, pelvic fins VI.8, pectoral fins PI.8-10, PI.8, PI.6-12, anal fins AIII.6, and caudal fins 32 and 25-34.
Impact of working memory training on brain network plasticity and genetic associations: insights from individual differences
Authors: Wu Hang , Chen Xiongying , Li Yinlong , Zhao Wan , Zhang Bofan , Luo Caiying , Zhang Xinyue , Shi Jing , Zhang Qiumei , Li Gao , Li Jun 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Considerable individual differences in learning ability have long been recognized, yet cognitive learning studies traditionally emphasized group averages while overlooking individual differences. We conducted intersubject similarity of functional connectivity analysis on a month-long randomized controlled trial dataset. Subjects in the training group, together with an additional 66 subjects undergoing the same training, were included to examine the correlations between intersubject similarity of functional connectivity and the intersubject similarity of single nucleotide polymorphisms related to mental disorders (schizophrenia, attention-deficient hyperactivity disorder, and autism spectrum disorder). We also used the Allen Human Brain Atlas to investigate genetic correlations at the gene expression level. Training increased the intersubject similarity of functional connectivity of some brain networks (especially the limbic network–frontoparietal network) across the resting and task states. Furthermore, the change in the intersubject similarity of functional connectivity of the limbic network–frontoparietal network after training seems to have a different genetic basis from its intersubject similarity of functional connectivity at baseline. Allen Human Brain Atlas analysis on the limbic network–frontoparietal network indicated correlations at baseline functional connectivity weights functional connectivity. Working memory training resulted in specific brain changes that differed among individuals, which may be partially due to genetics, especially concerning single nucleotide polymorphisms related to schizophrenia. Our findings emphasize the need to consider individual genetic backgrounds in personalized cognitive training.
Forest fires in cool-temperate and humid-continental forests—an overview
Authors: Ewald Michael , Conedera Marco , Stavros E Nathasha , Fassnacht Fabian Ewald 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Rising temperatures and an expected increase in the frequency of droughts and heat waves have raised concerns about forest fires in cool-temperate and humid-continental regions. This concern is accompanied by a lack of detailed knowledge of fire behaviour and fire ecology in many of these regions. A special issue ‘Forest fires in cool-temperate and humid-continental forests’ was launched in early 2022 in Forestry to collect studies that address existing knowledge gaps. The featured research papers cover several topics related to remotely-sensed and field-based fuel assessment, flammability of forest fuels, fire behaviour, and fire effects. In this article, we provide an overview of the research papers and their main findings. Based on the results of the special issue and a review of recent literature, we identified major directions for future research that address fire behaviour, fuel characteristics and post-fire forest management.
Withdrawal Signs and Symptoms Among Patients Positive for Fentanyl With and Without Xylazine
Authors: Alexander Ryan , Agwuncha Chinelo , Wilson Christopher , Schrecker Joshua , Holt Andrew , Heltsley Rebecca 
Published: December 2024

Background
Xylazine is not approved for human use, yet it has emerged as a common adulterant of illicit fentanyl. It is currently unclear whether there is a withdrawal syndrome associated with xylazine and the potential impact of fentanyl coexposure.

Methods
A retrospective cohort study of patients with opioid use disorder admitted to an inpatient medically monitored withdrawal facility was performed. Patients positive for fentanyl were compared to patients copositive for fentanyl and xylazine. Outcomes were self-directed discharge and completion of treatment. Independent variables included Clinical Opioid Withdrawal Scale (COWS) scores, heart rate, and blood pressure. Associations between individuals with or without xylazine were measured.

Results
Among 71 patients admitted for opioid withdrawal management positive for fentanyl, 51.4% were copositive with xylazine. There was no difference detected in average COWS scores (P = 0.12–0.78) or average heart rate (P = 0.33–0.80) between groups. Xylazine copositive patients had higher average systolic blood pressure on days 1 (129.0 vs 123.0, P = 0.01) and 2 (127.9 vs 116.3, P = 0.04) although unclear if clinically meaningful. Individuals copositive for xylazine were less likely to complete treatment (43.2% vs 55.9%, P = 0.23) and more likely to have self-directed discharge (67.6% vs 44.1%; OR, 2.64; 95% CI, 1.0–6.9) although not statistically significant.

Conclusions
Among 71 patients admitted for medically monitored withdrawal, individuals who were copositive for xylazine at the time of admission had higher average blood pressure and were more likely to have a self-directed discharge. Additional research is needed to determine the impact of xylazine on withdrawal.
Assessing Professional Behaviors of Physician Assistant Students in Objective Structured Clinical Examinations: A Scoping Review
Authors: Francis Erika R. , Sapre Kimberly 
Published: December 2024

Introduction
Professionalism in physician assistant (PA) students is an essential behavior to assess during formative medical education. Objective structured clinical examinations (OSCEs) provide an opportunity to evaluate PA students performing professional behaviors within simulated clinical settings. This scoping review aims to explore insights the existing literature offers regarding evaluating the professional behaviors of PA students using an OSCE. A secondary objective is to identify gaps in the literature to clarify future research.

Methods
This scoping review was conducted in March 2024. From January 2018 until March 2024, CINAHL, MEDLINE Ultimate, Health Source—Nursing/Education, and PubMed online databases were searched for publications in English. Records included research studying PA or medical students evaluated on professional behaviors using an OSCE or performance-based assessment instrument. Allied health profession students were excluded from the primary search because of their heterogeneous curriculum models outside the population of interest.

Results
This review includes 5 papers. All papers reported communication as a professional behavior measured in an OSCE or performance-based assessment. A consensus or formal definition of professional behavior is a notable absence in this scoping review.

Discussion
More definitive homogenous evidence is needed to assess the professional behaviors of PA students using an OSCE. This limits the guidance and educational standards for future health profession educators. Comprehensive research into professional behaviors among PA students is essential. Scholars must publish their findings on professionalism curriculum design and outcomes to facilitate a broader understanding and improvement in educating future PA professionals.
Disparities among Different Countries in Access for Diagnosis and Treatment of Pediatric Sensorineural Hearing Loss
Authors: DeVries Jacquelyn , Birman Catherine S. , Loundon Natalie , MacAskil Melissa , Távora Nathália Manhães , Tsuji Robinson Koji , Cheung Linea , Kari Elina , Carvalho Daniela 
Published: December 2024

Objective
Timely diagnosis and management of pediatric sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) is essential for best outcomes. This study evaluated the differences of health access among cochlear implant (CI) centers of countries with different health care systems.

Study Design
Retrospective.

Setting
Multicenter, tertiary pediatric CI referral center in four different countries: United States (USA), France (FR), Australia (AUS), and Brazil (BR).

Patients
Pediatric (age 0–21 years (0–16 years AUS)) patients receiving CI between January 2017 and December 2019.

Intervention(s)
CI.

Main Outcome Measure(s)
Primary outcome measures included age at milestones in CI process and age at implantation.

Results
There were 1,673 patients who underwent CI surgery at four multinational designated institutions were identified (n = 143 AUS; 153 BRA; 1,158 FR; and 219 USA). Median age at time of hearing loss diagnosis (p < 0.0001), median age at hearing aid (HA) fitting (p < 0.0001), and CI evaluation (p < 0.0001) differed between countries. However, age at CI surgery was not significantly different between countries. Time from diagnosis to HA fitting was impacted by country (p < 0.0001) and language (p = 0.01) but not by private compared with public insurance. There were 512 children with available data regarding onset of hearing loss as prelingual n = 358 (70%) and postlingual n = 154 (30%). In patients with prelingual severe to profound hearing loss, country and race/ethnic origin affected age at diagnosis (p < 0.0001, p = 0.001), HA fitting (p < 0.0001, p < 0.001), candidacy evaluation (p = 0.0001, p = 0.02), and CI surgery (p = 0.0027, p = 0.001).

Conclusions
Age at pediatric CI was comparable across the CI centers compared in the four countries. This is encouraging given the effect of neuroplasticity on pediatric CI outcomes, despite different health care expenditures and delivery systems in the four countries. Improvement in care access for certain populations may decrease disparities in pediatric CI access worldwide.
Individual- and Community-Level Social Determinant Associations With Acoustic Neuroma Disparities in the United States
Authors: Fei-Zhang David J. , Sethia Rishabh , Abrahamson Cyrus W. , Sosnoski Olivia K. , Sheyn Anthony M. , D'Souza Jill N. , Chelius Daniel C. , Rastatter Jeffrey C. 
Published: December 2024

Objective
This investigation aims to determine whether community-level social determinants of health (SDoH) influenced acoustic neuroma outcomes more profoundly than individual-level SDoH through the use of multivariate models and census-level socioeconomic status (SES) measures.

Study Design
Observational, retrospective cohort study. Setting: Specially Authorized Head–Neck SEER 2020 Dataset.

Patients
23,330 adult (20+ yr) patients diagnosed with acoustic neuroma from 2010 to 2018.

Main outcome measures
Age-adjusted multivariate regressions and hazard models were performed for individual level (sex, race–ethnicity) and community-level factors (Yost Index–SES, rurality–urbanicity) to assess for differences in acoustic neuroma treatment, including delay of intervention, treatment receipt, and overall survival.

Results
Lower Yost–SES/community-level SES had a markedly positive association with an increase in all-cause mortality (HR, 1.55; 95% CI, 1.41–1.71) and negative association with stereotactic radiotherapy treatment (OR, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.86–0.99; p = 0.040). Patients with poor Yost–SES had a significantly positive association with receipt of surgical resection (OR, 1.13; 95% CI, 1.07–1.20; p < 0.001).

Conclusions
Data generated from this investigation suggest that community-level SDoH, particularly Yost–SES, have more detrimental care and prognostic disparities in acoustic neuroma treatment compared with individual-level factors.