bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cecal volvulus on top of Ladd’s band: a case report and review of literature
Authors: Ayyad Mohamed Salah , Alqasaby Abdallah , Rezk Mohamed , Abonosier Ahmed , Khalid Shaimaa , Azam Ahmed 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background:
Cecal volvulus is a rare cause of bowel obstruction that represents a challenge in both diagnosis and management. This unique form of closed-loop obstruction occurs due to a twist in the mesentery with subsequent dilatation of the cecum. As a result of the massive distension of the large bowel, many radiologists find it difficult to recognise the signs suggestive of cecal volvulus. In this article, we highlight the role of imaging in the management of this form of bowel obstruction.
Case presentation:
A thirty-six-year-old female patient presented to our emergency department with symptoms of acute abdomen. Imaging revealed a massively dilated large bowel loop in an abnormal distribution in the centre of the abdomen with a whirlpool in the mesentery. Cecal volvulus was suspected. Surgical exploration confirmed the diagnosis and an abnormal band connected to the cecum (Ladd’s band) was also identified. The patient underwent division of the band with ileo-transverse colostomy. Unfortunately, the patient passed away due to cardiorespiratory failure two days after the operation.
Conclusions:
The radiologist should always consider cecal volvulus in the differential diagnosis of closed-loop obstruction particularly at a young age. A hypermobile cecum on imaging may suggest Ladd's band, even without signs of malrotation. All relevant items should be addressed when reporting bowel obstruction cases.
Design optimization of semiconductor manufacturing equipment using a novel multi-fidelity surrogate modeling approach
Authors: Wang Bingran , Kim Min Sung , Yoon Taewoong , Lee Dasom , Kim Byeong-Sang , Sung Dougyong , Hwang John T. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Careful design of semiconductor manufacturing equipment is crucial for ensuring the performance, yield, and reliability of semiconductor devices. Despite this, numerical optimization methods are seldom applied to optimize the design of such equipment due to the difficulty of obtaining accurate simulation models. In this paper, we address a practical and industrially relevant electrostatic chuck (ESC) design optimization problem by proposing a novel multi-fidelity surrogate modeling approach. The optimization aims to improve the temperature uniformity of the wafer during the etching process by adjusting seven parameters associated with the coolant path and embossing. Our approach combines low-fidelity (LF) and high-fidelity (HF) simulation data to efficiently predict spatial-field quantities, even with a limited number of data points. We use proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) to project the spatially interpolated HF and LF field data onto a shared latent space, followed by the construction of a multi-fidelity kriging model to predict the latent variables of the HF output field. In the ESC design problem, with hundreds or fewer data, our approach achieves a more than 10% reduction in prediction error compared to using kriging models with only HF or LF data. Additionally, in the ESC optimization problem, our proposed method yields better solutions with improvements in all of the quantities of interest, while requiring 20% less data generation cost compared to the HF surrogate modeling approach.
Infection Rate of External Ventricular Drain In Neurosurgical Patients : A single center study
Authors: Bashareef Akram , Al-Olama Mohammad 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background: External ventricular drain (EVD) is a common neurosurgical procedure, associated with high rates of infection and consequent morbidity and mortality.
Objective: The aim of the study is to analyze the EVD related infections, the risk factors, management and prevention.
Methods: This is a retrospective analysis from January 2011 to December 2013; a total of 160 patients having EVD inserted, Sixteen patients had a primary Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) infection and were excluded from the further analyzes of the secondary EVD infections. Hence, 144 patients were included in the study. Sets of clinical parameters were analyzed in these cases to verify the EVD infection rate and the related causes, risk factors, causative agents and outcome.
Results: A total of 160 patients, 182 EVD procedures, and 1016 catheter-days were evaluated. The EVD-associated CSF infection rate was 18.8%. The most common diagnosis required EVD was strokes (59.7%). (44%) of the infections were caused by Gram-negative organisms. All of the patients received antibiotic prophylaxis.
Conclusion: It has been found that there are a relative high percentage of EVD-related infections. After different analysis of the existing data we found that manipulation of the EVD and the duration of the drainage were the most risk factors for the EVD infections. A new EVD protocol has been proposed in our hospital to minimize such infections.
The swarmable magnetic-driven nanorobots for facilitating trans- intestinal mucosal delivery of oral vaccines to enhance mucosal and systemic immune responses
Authors: Huang Linghong , Sun Xinyuan , Zhang Quan , Long Jun , Chen Xuewu , Dong Renfeng , Liu Zonghua , Guo Zhong 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The continuous secretion of mucus by the intestinal mucosa and the intestinal motility combine to limit the absorption of orally administered vaccines. To extend the residence time of vaccines within the gastrointestinal tract and to improve their mucosal transit, we have developed a technology capable of swiftly and actively traversing the intestinal mucus barrier. In this study, we synthesized a biodegradable magnetic driven nanorobot (MNC@CaMn) loaded with antigen and constructed a magnetic driven nanorobot vaccine delivery platform. Under the precise regulation of the magnetic field, the residence time of the vaccines in the intestine was significantly prolonged, and the vaccine exhibited a swarming motility that could rapidly converge and cross the intestinal mucus barrier in a targeted manner, thus greatly facilitating antigen delivery and presentation and significantly activating CD8 + T lymphocytes. In addition, the rough surface of the nanorobot ensured stable antigen loading, while the Mn2+ in the particles was able to stimulate efficient mucosal and systemic immune responses due to its excellent adjuvant effect. The magnetic driven nanorobot vaccine delivery system constructed in this study provides a new strategy for the development of efficient oral and mucosal vaccines.
Pre and Post -Operative Patient's Education on Trans-Tibial Amputee in Sudan.
Authors: Bleedy Nermeen , Abdelnour Hassan , Hawari Norhan , Khan Muslim , Mortada Omnia , Yagoub Sulwan , Ahmed Abdelrazak , Abbas Amany 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Worldwide, limb amputation is a very common procedure that is indicated after severe complications of diseases and after major physical traumas which cause a damage that is untreatable. Studies showed high prevalence of amputation in Sudan as a result of Diabetic. The most common type of major lower limb amputations is called Trans-tibial or below knee amputation. Any patient who undergoes an amputation will need thorough educational program to know more about his/her condition, avoid complications, and be able to return to his/her functional and normal life before the amputation.
Aim
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of pre- and postoperative patient education on preventing knee flexion contractures in trans-tibial amputation patients in selected centers in Khartoum state.
Method
A quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional survey was used in this study. The data was collected using a self-administered questionnaire. A total of fifty participants from four facilities have participated in the study. The data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 21
Result
More than half of the participants who received patient education, did not have any complications and only 28% of them had complications. There were 42% of study participants came from outside Khartoum to seek Trans-tibial amputation rehabilitation services. There were 68% of participants received education from their physiotherapists.
Conclusion
There are a shortage in Trans-tibial amputation rehabilitation services outside Khartoum city. The study concluded that the pre- and postoperative patient education is important as it can decrease the number and severity of complications an amputee might have after the surgery.
Recommendations: Pre- and post-operative Patient education must be part of the rehabilitation protocol and awareness about it should be required for patient and the rehabilitation team.
Ações para Captação de Mulheres na Realização da Coleta do Exame Papanicolau no Âmbito da Estratégia Saúde da Família
Authors: Bier Luis Henrique da Silva , Afonso Pollyana de Carvalho , Alves Jonioma Evangelista 
Published: November 2024

O câncer de colo do útero vem sendo considerado um transtorno para saúde pública em países em desenvolvimento manifestando grandes taxas de mortalidade entre mulheres de nível socioeconômico reduzido e em períodos reprodutivos de suas vidas. Os profissiopnais da ESF devem trabalhar nas ações de busca ativa e educação em saúde na questão da temática de prevenção do câncer de colo de útero. As mulheres elegíveis para coleta de preventivo devem entender que a realização desse exame é agarantia de que, mesmo que venha a desenvolver a doença, as chances de cura serão maiores, considerando as caraccteriscicas da patologia O objetivo desse estudo foi identificar as ações para a captação de mulheres elegíveis para coleta de exame preventivo no âmbito da Estratégia saúde da Família. Para tanto utilizou-se como metodologia a revisão de literatura com critério de inclusão, artigos, teses e dissertações publicados na íntegra nas bases de dados selecionadas e publicados nos últimos 5 anos no idioma português. O acesso aos serviços de saúde é fator determinante para o diagnóstico do câncer do colo do útero em tempo oportuno. Atrasos no diagnóstico levam a diagnósticos em fases mais avançadas. Nesse aspecto, as ações de rastreamento para o câncer de colo uterino têm papel importante, não apenas na redução da incidência da doença, mas também na redução da mortalidade por propiciarem diagnóstico precoce. A busca ativa, ações e palestras se mostram um fator importante para essa cobertura do exame Papanicolau.
A comprehensive approach to building a continuous hydrologic model with Soil Moisture Accounting using Earth Observation data
Authors: Thomopoulou Vasiliki , Iliopoulou Theano , Kossieris Panagiotis , Bariamis George , Tsoukalas Ioannis , Efstratiadis Andreas , Makropoulos Christos 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

In recent years, both availability and interest in Earth Observations (EO) have increased due to their ability to provide information with extensive spatial coverage, which is valuable for data-scarce regions. This study provides a roadmap to exploit EO/satellite data (EO-based model) for continuous hydrological simulation using the Hydrologic Engineering Center–Hydrologic Modelling System model with a soil moisture accounting (SMA) component. As a case study, we consider the Boeotikos Kephisos River basin, in Greece. The SMA component is calibrated using the HiHydroSoils dataset, to map its parameters to the regionally varying soil hydraulic properties and a comparison is made to an alternative parameterization, following the standard literature approach (literature-based model). The effectiveness of satellite data in enhancing model performance is further assessed, by comparing three different satellite precipitation datasets, as model drivers, and by using satellite-based soil moisture for model initialization. The discussion extends to the potential for integration of EO/satellite data at the operational level, by simulating a significant precipitation event. Yet, the most promising result pertains to the opportunity to exploit satellite-derived estimates of soil hydraulic properties to base the calibration of the data-intensive SMA scheme, with the EO-based model significantly outperforming the literature-based model parameterization.
A comprehensive approach to an urban water reuse system to meet irrigation demand and conserve water: City of Cape Coral, FL, USA
Authors: Pearson Jeffery , Tsegaye Seneshaw , Missimer Thomas M. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT
Maximizing the reuse of domestic wastewater is a critical objective, spurred by the pressing need to avoid water loss, reduce environmental discharges, and manage irrigation water demand. In the City of Cape Coral (FL, USA), thousands of old-fashioned and inefficient irrigation systems have been installed over the past 50 years. The city has adopted year-round external water use restrictions, but demands continue to increase. In 2020, peak 24-h irrigation water demands exceeded 177,914 m3. In response to recurrent dry seasons and growing demand over the past 20 years, the city has diversified its water resources. The city uses brackish groundwater with reverse osmosis treatment to produce drinking water and reuses 100% of its wastewater effluent for irrigation by blending the treated wastewater with fresh water from 483 km of freshwater canals. To promote efficient irrigation water use among consumers, a new approach has been adopted to automate private irrigation systems. The Environmental Resource Assessment and Management System Integrated Urban Water Model was used to simulate water management scenarios. The simulation showed that increasing automatic irrigation efficiency can save millions of cubic meters of irrigation water and help the city meet the future build-out peak-day demand of 219,758 m3/d, as estimated by the Blaney–Criddle method.
LIMITES ENTRE A HISTÓRIA PÚBLICA E A HISTÓRIA DIGITAL:
Authors: Silva João Pedro Ferreira da 
Published: November 2024

O presente trabalho visa problematizar a produção de História para a internet, especialmente na plataforma Tiktok, refletindo sobre qual o papel da História Pública na descentralização das narrativas sobre o passado de espaços acadêmicos e escolares. Visando compreender a complexidade das redes e do processo de plataformização, pelo qual passamos no atual estágio do capitalismo (CESARINO, 2022), propomos a adoção dos Mapas das Mediações Comunicativas da Cultura, elaboradas por Martin Barbero (1997). Esta metodologia passa pela análise da complexidade de interações entre os diversos agentes culturais, a circulação de informações e a construção de significados culturais. Discorrendo sobre essa totalidade de produção desses conteúdos, apontamos algumas demarcações historiográficas e tecnológicas como centrais para a compreensão desse novo formato de divulgação da História, seus limites e consequentemente qual o papel da disciplina para pensar horizontes de superação.
Flaxseed Oil: Safeguarding Neurological Health through Apoptosis and Oxidative Damage Defense
Authors: Mishra Devendra Kumar , Awasthi Himani , Srivastava Dipti , Fatima Zeeshan , Mohapatra Lucy 
Published: November 2024

:
The present study aims to investigate the neuroprotective properties of flaxseed oil (FSO)
in reducing cadmium-induced neurotoxicity. The neuroprotective properties of FSO were observed
in rats by examining the expression of caspase-3 and Bcl-2 to determine the antiapoptotic capabilities
of FSO.

Methods:
Rats were given cadmium orally at a dosage of 5 mg/kg/day for 30 days, along with
flaxseed oil (FSO) at doses of 2ml/kg/day and 3ml/kg/day for the same duration. The Morris watermaze
test (MWM) and the Novel object recognition test (NOR) were performed to evaluate
learning and memory abilities. We quantified the amounts of glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde
(MDA), nitric oxide (NO), and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity (AChE) in the entire brain
homogenate. Additionally, apoptosis and histopathology studies were conducted on rat brain tissues.

Results:
Intoxication with cadmium was associated with significant impairment of learning and
memory in Morris watermaze (MWM) and novel object recognition (NOR) tests. The group that
consumed Cd showed elevated levels of MDA, NO, and AChE in the brain homogenate, higher
levels of caspase-3 and Bcl-2, and decreased levels of GSH compared to the control group. Animals
treated with FSO exhibited improved learning and memory function, along with balanced levels of
oxidative and cholinergic activity in brain tissue. Additionally, levels of caspase-3 and Bcl-2 were
reduced in a similar way to the control group.

Conclusions:
The study demonstrates that flaxseed oil has positive effects by raising GSH and antiapoptotic
potential levels while reducing MDA, NO, and AChE levels in the brain. This contributes
to neuroprotection and decreases neuronal death, as supported by histopathological findings.
Holistic higher-order thinking in solving environmental problems: A profile of Indonesian undergraduate students
Authors: Mualimin M. , Pamungkas Rahmania 
Published: November 2024

Holistic higher-order thinking (H-HOT) is needed by someone who lives in the 21st century to solve environmental problems. This study aims to determine the ability of H-HOT to solve environmental problems in undergraduate students of biology and biology education programs in Indonesia. The research used a survey method. The sample was taken using a purposive sampling technique, namely only undergraduate students from the biology and biology education program who had graduated from environmental theme lectures. The research instrument in the form of a H-HOT ability test in solving environmental problems is 10 numbers that have been validated by material and construction experts, and empirically validated given to 205 respondents online. Data in the form of H-HOT ability values ​​in solving environmental problems were analyzed descriptively and quantitatively. The results showed that the ability of H-HOT to solve environmental problems in undergraduate students of the biology study program obtained an average score of 24.81, biology education study program is 27.48, and overall average score of all undergraduate students from both the Biology study program and the Biology Education study program are 26.23. The conclusion of this study is that the ability of H-HOT in solving environmental problems in undergraduate students of biology and biology education programs is in a very low category so that efforts need to be made to improve. The study implies a need for improved educational approaches to enhance students' higher-order thinking skills for effectively solving environmental problems.
Blooket: Alternative media for Arabic vocabulary learning for university students in Islamic boarding schools
Authors: Fatoni Ahmad , Firdaus Mochammad , Abdullah Ahmad Hafidz , Maturedy Faris , Mayasari Utari Dwi , Hidayanti Primasti Nur Yusrin 
Published: November 2024

The utilization of digital platforms is one of the key factors in the success of learning activities. This applies to Arabic language learning activities for specific purposes for students. Instructors and teachers can leverage digital platforms to provide students with new experiences in the learning process. One digital platform that can serve as an alternative medium is Blooket. This study aims to explore Arabic language classes for specific purposes with the aid of an educational game platform. Therefore, the researcher employs qualitative research to gain an in-depth understanding of the various phenomena occurring during these activities. The researcher uses observation techniques to monitor the atmosphere and interactions among students during the class. Documentation is also used to gather data in the form of supporting documents for these activities. The data is then analyzed using the Miles, Huberman, and Saldana analysis model, which consists of three stages: data condensation, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results of the study indicate that Arabic language classes for specific purposes consist of several activities. First, the instructor begins with an introduction to the Arabic language for the purpose of pilgrimage by inviting a pilgrimage guide. The skill focus of the learning is vocabulary mastery related to the conduct of the pilgrimage. Next, the instructor uses the educational game platform Blooket to motivate students and provide them with a new and engaging learning experience in Arabic. Students enthusiastically participate in the series of class activities. In addition, they gain new experiences regarding the use of the Blooket digital platform in Arabic language learning.
Genes CYP1A1, FNTα Y factores ambientales asociados a cáncer gástrico en pacientes de Pasto-Colombia
Authors: Paz Cesar Orlando , Mena Huertas Jaqueline , Fernández Izquierdo Pablo , Burbano-Rosero Edith Mariela , Pazos Alvaro 
Published: November 2024

Introducción: En Pasto-Nariño, Colombia, la incidencia de cáncer gástrico (CG) es una de las más altas del mundo. En la patogénesis del CG están implicados tanto los genes CYP1A1 y FNTα, como los factores ambientales. La relación entre factores ambientales y la predisposición genética humana a CG, aún se desconoce. Objetivo: Evaluar la asociación entre factores ambientales y la predisposición genética humana a CG (Genes CYP1A1, FNTα) en pacientes con diagnóstico de CG en la ciudad de Pasto. Metodología:Estudio transversal, descriptivo y observacional que incluyó 10 casos sobrevivientes y diagnosticados de CG. Se evaluaron dos biomarcadores de predisposición genética CYP1A1 y FNTα. Las secuencias de genes fueron usadas para determinar la variabilidad genética mediante SNPs y RFLPs in silico. Los factores ambientales y familiares se evaluaron a partir de encuestas. Resultados: Altas frecuencias de los alelos de riesgo de los genes (FNTα=40%, CYP1A1=50%) fueron observadas en todos los casos. Se encontró que 60% de los casos con susceptibilidad genética a CG se asociaron significativamente con la edad (p<0.05), mientras que los factores ambientales y genéticos-familiares evaluados no se asocian con la prevalencia de CYP1A1 y FNTα. Se encontró asociación del hábito tabáquico con una baja variabilidad del gen de riesgo FNTα. Conclusión: Las altas frecuencias de los alelos de riesgo de CYP1A1 y FNTα sugieren la presencia de susceptibilidad humana a CG en los pacientes con diagnóstico de la enfermedad. En los casos observados, la susceptibilidad humana a CG se asocia con la edad avanzada y el hábito tabáquico.
Phenolic content and antioxidant activity of Croatian and German honey
Authors: Bok Valerija Vujčić , Šola Ivana , Rusak Gordana , Budisavljević Alan , Nguyen Rosa , Ludwig-Müller Jutta , Maleš Željan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Since honey has a therapeutic role in the treatment of many diseases, we investigated the content of phenolic compounds and the antioxidant activity in acacia (Robinia pseudoacacia L.), chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) and lime-tree (Tilia spp.) honey originating from Croatia and Germany. Total phenols, flavonols, and flavanols contents were observed at higher levels in Croatian Castanea honey compared to German Castanea honey. Significant higher values of total flavanols and hydroxycinnamic acids were measured in Croatian Tilia honey compared to German Tilia honey. For Robinia honey, significantly higher values of total phenols and flavonols were observed in almost all Croatian honey samples compared to German honey. Croatian honey samples had higher antioxidant activity compared to German honey samples with most tested methods. The highest total phenols, total flavanols, ABTS, DPPH, and FRAP values were measured in Castanea honey, then in Robinia honey, and the lowest values in Tilia honey samples. With new developed HPLC method, pinobanksin, pinocembrin, and chrysin were identified in the majority of honey samples. Our results imply that both botanical and geographical origin influence the final quality of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity in honey. A high positive correlation between the results of antioxidant activity and polyphenols was detected.