bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Managing institutional complexity in a transitional economy
Authors: Woldesenbet Kassa 
Published: October 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine how senior managers in a transitional economy context deal with the challenge of handling competing institutional logics through legitimacy work.Design/methodology/approachThe paper draws on the qualitative analysis of semi-structured interviews with 34 senior managers in Ethiopia in matched pairs of four commercial organisations in private and state sectors and secondary sources.FindingsThe research reveals how the erstwhile protected state-owned organisations responded to institutional complexity, by seeking to extend their legitimacy claims whereas the emergent private sector organisations sought to construct a new legitimacy, in part by adopting some of the logics used by state-firms.Research limitations/implicationsExtending this study with longitudinal comparative case studies across other emerging market economies could cast light on the varied ways in which organisations manage institutional complexities.Practical implicationsIt is imperative that the government and policy makers have clarity in issuing directives and other signals about valued objectives to be pursued by enterprises. Otherwise, the organisational level actors may remain uncertain about the acceptable behaviours and responses and are likely to waste time and resources in trying to anticipate an unclear sense of direction.Originality/valueThis is a novel study which examines how organisational actors manage institutional complexity in a transitional economy context by undertaking legitimacy building work and appearing to meet state-public expectations.
Connecting the dots
Authors: Mahrous A.A. , Genedy M.A. 
Published: October 2018

PurposeThis paper aims to identify the intra-organizational environment factors that affect entrepreneurial orientation (EO) and examine the mediating role of market orientation (MO) in the relationship between and organizational performance.Design/methodology/approachThe study is conducted in a less-researched area, Egypt. Data were collected using a survey from 120 large-sized manufacturing firms working in seven industries: engineering and home appliances, communication and information technology (IT), food and beverage, chemicals, furniture and decoration, clothing and smoking. The research framework was examined using partial least square approach of structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM).FindingsThe findings indicate that the intra-organizational environment factors that affect entrepreneurial orientation practices are deep locus of planning, planning flexibility, planning horizon, integration and organizational support. Also, the results show that MO mediates the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and performance.Practical implicationsThe findings provide insights about how to manage the intra-organizational environment of the firm and how to configure strategic capabilities, i.e. entrepreneurial orientation and MO, to enhance the organization’s performance.Originality/valueThis paper provides a holistic approach that identifies the intra-organization environmental factors necessary to create an organizational culture that facilitates and encourages entrepreneurial orientation and MO, as well as examine the role of MO in the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and the organizational performance.
Credit risk assessment for unbalanced datasets based on data mining, artificial neural network and support vector machines
Authors: Khemakhem Sihem , Ben Said Fatma , Boujelbene Younes 
Published: October 2018

Purpose
Credit scoring datasets are generally unbalanced. The number of repaid loans is higher than that of defaulted ones. Therefore, the classification of these data is biased toward the majority class, which practically means that it tends to attribute a mistaken “good borrower” status even to “very risky borrowers”. In addition to the use of statistics and machine learning classifiers, this paper aims to explore the relevance and performance of sampling models combined with statistical prediction and artificial intelligence techniques to predict and quantify the default probability based on real-world credit data.

Design/methodology/approach
A real database from a Tunisian commercial bank was used and unbalanced data issues were addressed by the random over-sampling (ROS) and synthetic minority over-sampling technique (SMOTE). Performance was evaluated in terms of the confusion matrix and the receiver operating characteristic curve.

Findings
The results indicated that the combination of intelligent and statistical techniques and re-sampling approaches are promising for the default rate management and provide accurate credit risk estimates.

Originality/value
This paper empirically investigates the effectiveness of ROS and SMOTE in combination with logistic regression, artificial neural networks and support vector machines. The authors address the role of sampling strategies in the Tunisian credit market and its impact on credit risk. These sampling strategies may help financial institutions to reduce the erroneous classification costs in comparison with the unbalanced original data and may serve as a means for improving the bank’s performance and competitiveness.
High temperature dyeing of PET fabric with natural colourants extracted from annatto seeds
Authors: Nakpathom Monthon , Somboon Buppha , Narumol Nootsara , Mongkholrattanasit Rattanaphol 
Published: October 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to investigate the possibility of dyeing polyester (PET) fabric with natural dye extracted from annatto seeds using high temperature dyeing method.Design/methodology/approachPET fabric was dyed with annatto extract by varying dyeing parameters (temperature, time, pH and dye concentration) to determine the optimum dyeing conditions. The influences of KAl(SO4)2, FeSO4, gallnut mordants or a commercial UV absorber on colour yield and fastness properties were further studied.FindingsOptimum results were obtained when the fabric was dyed at 130°C for 30 min in a dyebath containing 15 per cent (owf) annatto dye at pH 6. The dyed fabric had an orange shade and exhibited good to excellent wash, crock, perspiration fastness and fair light fastness. Further dyeing with mordants or UV absorber mostly resulted in lower colour yield and similar fastness properties.Research limitations/implicationsAlthough the light fastness was slightly improved to moderate level for the sample with UV absorber, a noticeable colour staining on cotton portion of multi-fibre fabric occurred when subjected to standard washing test. Compared to C.I. Disperse Orange 73, the annatto dye exhibited comparable colour fastness but had inferior light fastness when dyed at approximately the same colour strength.Originality/valueNatural colourants from annatto seeds can be used to dye PET fabric at high temperature without mordants, yielding deep orange shade and satisfactory fastness properties. This study provides a promising application to reduce the environmental impact of synthetic dyes.
Using adaptive neuro-fuzzy and genetic algorithm for simultaneously estimating the dye and AgNP concentrations of treated silk fabrics with nanosilver
Authors: Shams Nateri Ali , Hasanlou Elham , Hajipour Abbas 
Published: October 2018

Purpose
Artificial intelligence (AI) methods, such as genetic algorithm (GA) and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS), are capable of providing superior solutions for the simulation and the modeling of complex problems. The purpose of this study is to estimate the dye and the silver nanoparticle (AgNP) concentrations of silver nanoparticle-treated silk fabrics by the aforementioned methods.

Design/methodology/approach
In this study, the color and the antimicrobial properties of silver nanoparticle-treated silk fabrics were matched by using the GA technique based on spectrophotometric color matching. The ANFIS method was also used; this method is based on the grid partitioning algorithm across four different methods. The first and second methods are provided for dye concentration prediction, and the third and the fourth methods are given for AgNP concentration prediction.

Findings
The mean of absolute error and root mean square (RMS) of the best dye concentration prediction by the ANFIS method based on the second method are 0.087 and 0.103, respectively. In addition, the mean of the absolute error and the RMS of the best results for AgNP concentration prediction by the ANFIS method by using the third method is 0.002 and 0.003, respectively. The obtained results indicate that the performance of the ANFIS method is better than the GA method.

Originality value
The simultaneous prediction of the color and the antimicrobial properties of silver nanoparticle-treated silk fabrics was performed by using the GA and the ANFIS. The suggested method led to acceptable accuracy for color and antibacterial matching.
Harnessing of non-fibrous textile for production of high performance easy-care cotton fabrics
Authors: Mostafa Kh.M. , Ameen Heba , Morsy Mahmoud , El-Ebissy Amal , Adel Mohamed , Salah Ali 
Published: October 2018

Purpose
This study aims to explore the incorporation of starch nanoparticles (SNPs) in cross-linking formulation of cotton fabrics to see their impact on fabric performance like tensile strength, dry wrinkle recovery angles, elongation at break, degree of whiteness and increase in weight as well as durability.

Design/methodology/approach
SNPs of size around 80-100 nm were successfully prepared from native maize starch by Nano precipitation technique and confirmed instrumentally by scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmittance electron microscope (TEM), Fourier transformer infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and particle size analyzer. The latter were incorporated in cross-linking formulation of cotton fabrics encompassing different concentrations of citric acid and sodium hypophosphite at different curing time and temperature in 100 ml distilled water to a wet pickup of ca. 85 per cent. The fabric samples were dried for 3 min at 85°C and cured at specified temperatures for a specified time intervals in thermo fixing oven according to pad-dry-cure method.

Findings
FTIR spectra and SEM micrograph signified the chemical structure and surface morphology of cotton fabric before and after finishing in absence and presence of SNPs. Cotton fabric samples finished in presence of SNPs showed a higher tensile strength, elongation at break, comparable dry wrinkle recovery angles and degree of whiteness than that finished in their absence. On the other hand, the enhancement in the aforementioned performance reflects the positive impact of incorporation of SNPs in textile finishing especially with strength properties; which are one of the important requirements for industrial fabrics that can be used widely in heavy-duty applications.

Research limitations/implications
SNPs with its booming effect with respect to biodegradability, reactivity and higher surface area can be used as a novel reinforcement permanent finish for cotton fabrics instead of more hazardous materials likes poly acrylate and monomeric compounds.

Practical implications
As SNPs biopolymers is one of the important reinforcement agents, so it was expected that it would minimize the great loss in strength properties during easy-care cotton finishing and improve the fabric performance.

Originality/value
The novelty addressed here is undertaken with a view to remediate some of the serious defects of easy-care cotton fabrics using poly carboxylic acids; especially with the great loss in strength properties by virtue of using SNPs as a permanent finish. Besides, to the authors’ knowledge, there is no published work so far concerning the use of SNPs as an innovative base for production of easy-care finished cotton textiles with high performance.
Avoiding chaotic use of social media before, during, and after emergencies: Design and evaluation of citizens’ guidelines
Authors: Kaufhold Marc‐André , Gizikis Alexis , Reuter Christian , Habdank Matthias , Grinko Margarita 
Published: October 2018

AbstractSocial media have been established in many natural disasters or human‐induced crises and emergencies. Nowadays, authorities, such as emergency services, and citizens engage with social media in different phases of the emergency management cycle. However, as research in crisis informatics highlights, one remaining issue constitutes the chaotic use of social media by citizens during emergencies, which has the potential to increase the complexity of tasks, uncertainty, and pressure for emergency services. To counter these risks, besides implementing supportive technology, social media guidelines may help putting artefact and theoretical contributions into practical use for authorities and citizens. This paper presents the design and evaluation (with 1,024 participants) of citizens’ guidelines for using social media before, during, and after emergencies.
Juice Clarification with Pectinase Reduces Yeast Assimilable Nitrogen in Apple Juice without Affecting the Polyphenol Composition in Cider
Authors: Ma Sihui , Neilson Andrew , Lahne Jacob , Peck Gregory , O'Keefe Sean , Hurley E. Kenneth , Sandbrook Ann , Stewart Amanda 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe term “cider” refers to the fermented beverage produced from apples. The rapid growth in the cider industry coupled with the prominence of traditional, or craft, approaches emphasizes the need for research on cider production. A common problem in ciders is the production of sulfur off‐aromas by yeast during fermentation. Prefermentation juice clarification has the potential to reduce the occurrence of unwanted sulfur off‐aromas. Concerns that prefermentation juice clarification will reduce the yeast assimilable nitrogen (YAN) and polyphenols in the juice have limited the application of this practice by cider makers. In this study, 3 clarification methods were applied to ‘York’ apple juice, that is, static settling, centrifugation, and pectinase. Raw (control) and clarified juice were fermented to cider, and the impact of clarification on the physicochemical parameters, amino acids and polyphenol content of the juice and cider was assessed. Juice clarification by pectinase decreased YAN by 50%, while static settling and centrifugation increased the concentration of most amino acids by 83%. All clarification treatments lowered the concentration of total polyphenols in the juice (from 60% to 30%, P < 0.05) and affected the individual polyphenols in the juice but these changes were not evident in the ciders. These findings demonstrate that prefermentation juice clarification results in changes in the chemistry profiles of apple juice. These changes were however not evident in the ciders. This approach therefore has the potential to limit the production of sulfur off‐aromas during cider production without adverse effects on quality.Practical ApplicationClarification of apple juice changes polyphenol and nitrogen contents, factors known to affect cider quality. However, these differences in the chemical profile of apple juice may not be reflected in the finished ciders. These findings demonstrate that juice clarification can be employed in cider making without affecting the quality. Cider makers should not assume that changes in apple juice imparted by clarification will be reflected in the finished ciders. Outcomes should be measured in finished ciders, rather than juice to accurately evaluate effects of the processing steps on quality.
Diagnostic role of carbohydrate antigen 72‐4 for gastrointestinal malignancy screening in Chinese patients: A prospective study
Authors: Wang Shu Ling , Yu Guan Yu , Yao Jun , Li Zhao Shen , Mao An Rong , Bai Yu 
Published: October 2018

ObjectiveOver the past decades, carbohydrate antigen 72‐4 (CA72‐4) was thought to be a tumor marker that was elevated in healthy individuals and patients with malignancies, including gastrointestinal (GI), ovarian, endometrial and lung malignancies. Furthermore, studies found that elevated serum CA72‐4 might predict digestive tumors, especially gastric tumors, although there was still neither a sensitive nor specific tumor biomarker for gastric cancer (GC). This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of CA72‐4 in predicting malignancies, especially GC.MethodsAltogether 403 patients underwent a CA72‐4 test after admission to the Department of Gastroenterology in Changhai Hospital, the Second Military Medical University, from 1 June 2015 to 31 October 2015. Their age and sex, main symptoms, and final diagnoses were summarized.ResultsThe positive predictive value, negative predictive value, positive likelihood ratio and negative likelihood ratio of CA72‐4 for diagnosing GC were 31.58%, 79.17%, 1.70, and 0.97, respectively. In the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, the area under the ROC curve for discriminating between patients with GC and those without was 0.62.ConclusionPerforming a CA72‐4 test on its own is of little use for predicting malignances, especially GC, in patients with GI diseases.
A novel approach for fast detection of sepsis with Gram‐negative bacterial infection
Authors: Lin Jingan , Chen Long , Lin Jiansen , Wu Haiping , Okunieff Paul , Wu Bing , Yang Bing , Chen Jinrong , Lin Jianhua , Zhang Lurong 
Published: October 2018

SummarySepsis, a life‐threatening systemic infection, requires quick treatment. Gram‐negative bacteria (GNB) are the major causative pathogens and their endotoxin can be a surrogate biomarker for diagnosis. We explored a fast identification of GNB by first culturing blood to increase endotoxin levels and then detecting endotoxin by Tachypleus amebocyte lysate (TAL) with kinetic turbidimetric assay (KT‐TAL). Heating samples could significantly increase the endotoxin released from GNB; speed and time of centrifugation, and sample dilution could affect the endotoxin results. At a high GNB load, endotoxin was detected 3 h after culture, 6.5 h earlier than the BD BACTEC blood culture system detecting GNB. At a low GNB load, endotoxin was detected at 9 h after culture, 13 h earlier than by the BD BACTEC system. In a sepsis patient with Acinetobacter baumannii, we detected endotoxin at 12 h after culture, while the BD BACTEC system needed 28.5 h for detection, allowing physicians an earlier decision on appropriate treatment.
The Influence of Atmospheric Circulation on Abnormal Snowpack Melt‐Out Events and Drought in Wyoming
Authors: Nicholson Christopher , Shinker Jacqueline J. , Hanway Veronica M. , Zavala Samantha 
Published: October 2018

AbstractDeclines in high‐elevation snowpack and its effect on water availability in the western United States is of great interest given the projected changes in temperatures that may alter snowpack melt‐out timing. Because water from snowmelt is crucial to the West's water supply, this study examines the influence of continental‐scale atmospheric variables on snowpack melt out from 1980 to 2016 in Wyoming. Using snow telemetry station and North American Regional Reanalysis data, this research finds abnormally early snowpack melt out in 1987, 1992, and 2012 was associated with persistent above‐normal high pressure during spring, leading to sustained warmer‐than‐normal and drier‐than‐normal conditions. Conversely, abnormally late snowpack melt out in 2011, 1995, 1983, 1982, 2008, and 1999 was associated with lower‐than‐normal 500 mb geopotential heights, corresponding to very cold temperatures for April, May, and June, which set the stage for late snowpack melt out. Snowpack melt‐out departure values are also correlated with late‐season agricultural drought as indicated by 10 Drought Severity indices. Using snowpack melt‐out timing, in association with atmospheric variables in a predictive capacity may assist regulatory agencies, such as the Bureau of Reclamation, to make better informed decisions about when, or when not, to store or release water to mitigate late‐season agricultural drought impacts.
Transfer RNA‐derived fragments as potential exosome tRNA‐derived fragment biomarkers for osteoporosis
Authors: Zhang Yan , Cai Feng , Liu Ju , Chang Hongze , Liu Liang , Yang Anli , Liu Xiaodong 
Published: October 2018

AbstractAimOsteoporosis is one of the common orthopedic diseases featured in low bone mineral density. Exosomes have been proven to be potential markers for many diseases and health problems. The roles of messenger RNAs and microRNAs in osteoporosis have been comprehensively studied; however, little research has focused on the function of plasma exosomal transfer RNA‐derived fragments (tRFs) in osteoporosis.MethodsWe collected plasma samples from 40 healthy controls and 40 osteoporosis patients, and all exosomes were isolated with combined centrifugation and were characterized by electron microscopy. Small RNA sequence (Yingbio) was performed to detect the plasma exosomal tRFs and tRF markers were validated by real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Three exosome diagnostic tRFs were confirmed by receiver operating characteristic analyses.ResultsIn this study, 11 upregulated tRFs and 18 downregulated tRFs were identified in osteoporosis compared with normal controls. Higher expression levels of plasma exosomal tRF‐25‐R9ODMJ6B26 (tRF‐25), tRF‐38‐QB1MK8YUBS68BFD2 (tRF‐38), tRF‐18‐BS68BFD2 (tRF‐18) in osteoporosis were confirmed by qPCR. Plasma exosomal tRF‐25, tRF‐38 and tRF‐18 showed better accuracy for osteoporosis diagnosis.ConclusionOur results suggest that plasma exosomal tRF‐25, tRF‐38 and tRF‐18 might be diagnostic biomarkers for osteoporosis detection.
Renal excretion is a cause of decreased serum uric acid during acute gout
Authors: Zhao Tianyi , Lv Xiaoxi , Cao Ling , Guo Meizhu , Zheng Shucong , Xue Yu , Zou Hejian , Wan Weiguo , Zhu Xiaoxia 
Published: October 2018

AbstractAimsTo evaluate the fluctuation of serum uric acid (SUA) during acute gout (AG) and explore its potential mechanisms.MethodsData such as SUA, urinary uric acid and 24‐hour uric acid urinary excretion were collected from 126 patients diagnosed with gout and were analyzed.ResultsSerum uric acid was negatively correlated with age in gout patients, and significantly elevated in patients aged ≤50 years. Twenty‐four‐hour uric acid urinary excretion was affected by SUA, creatinine clearance, age, body mass index and urine volume. In contrast, clearance of uric acid and fractional excretion of uric acid (FEur) were more stable. SUA was significantly downregulated during acute attacks. Of the AG patients, 34.92% had detected SUA <420 μmol/L. Clearance of uric acid and FEur were notably increased in patients during acute attacks, especially in patients with SUA <420 μmol/L.ConclusionThis study demonstrated that the level of SUA was remarkably upregulated in young gout patients. Therefore, early onset of gout should be considered of great importance. SUA was downregulated during acute gouty arthritis, which might be associated with increased urinary excretion of uric acid.