bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Infrared Census of DUST in Nearby Galaxies with Spitzer (DUSTiNGS). V. The Period–Luminosity Relation for Dusty Metal-poor AGB Stars
Authors: Goldman S. R. , Boyer M. L. , McQuinn K. B. W. , Whitelock P. A. , McDonald I. , van Loon J. Th. , Skillman E. D. , Gehrz R. D. , Javadi A. , Sloan G. C. , Jones O. C. , Groenewegen M. A. T. , Menzies J. W. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
The survey for DUST in Nearby Galaxies with Spitzer (DUSTiNGS) has identified hundreds of candidate dust-producing asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars in several nearby metal-poor galaxies. We have obtained multi-epoch follow-up observations for these candidates with the Spitzer Space Telescope and measured their infrared (IR) light curves. This has allowed us to confirm their AGB nature and investigate pulsation behavior at very low metallicity. We have obtained high-confidence pulsation periods for 88 sources in seven galaxies. We have confirmed DUSTiNGS variable star candidates with a 20% success rate and determined the pulsation properties of 19 sources already identified as thermally pulsing AGB stars. We find that the AGB pulsation properties are similar in all galaxies surveyed here, with no discernible difference between the DUSTiNGS galaxies (down to 1.4% solar metallicity; [Fe/H] = −1.85) and the far more metal-rich Magellanic Clouds (up to 50% solar metallicity; [Fe/H] = −0.38). These results strengthen the link between dust production and pulsation in AGB stars and establish the IR period–luminosity relation as a reliable tool (±4%) for determining distances to galaxies, regardless of metallicity.
Dust-to-gas Ratio Resurgence in Circumstellar Disks Due to the Formation of Giant Planets: The Case of HD 163296
Authors: Turrini D. , Marzari F. , Polychroni D. , Testi L. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
The amount of dust present in circumstellar disks is expected to steadily decrease with age due to the growth from μm-sized particles to planetesimals and planets. Mature circumstellar disks, however, can be observed to contain significant amounts of dust and possess high dust-to-gas ratios. Using HD 163296 as our case study, we explore how the formation of giant planets in disks can create the conditions for collisionally rejuvenating the dust population, halting or reversing the expected trend. We combine N-body simulations with statistical methods and impact scaling laws to estimate the dynamical and collisional excitation of the planetesimals due to the formation of HD 163296's giant planets. We show that this process creates a violent collisional environment across the disk that can inject collisionally produced second-generation dust into it, significantly contributing to the observed dust-to-gas ratio. The spatial distribution of the dust production can explain the observed local enrichments in HD 163296's inner regions. The results obtained for HD 163296 can be extended to any disk with embedded forming giant planets and may indicate a common evolutionary stage in the life of such circumstellar disks. Furthermore, the dynamical excitation of the planetesimals could result in the release of transient, nonequilibrium gas species like H2O, CO2, NH3, and CO in the disk due to ice sublimation during impacts and, due to the excited planetesimals being supersonic with respect to the gas, could produce bow shocks in the latter that could heat it and cause a broadening of its emission lines.
Detection of VIM and NDM-1 metallo-beta-lactamase genes in carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical strains in Bahrain
Authors: Joji Ronni Mol , Al-Rashed Nouf , Saeed Nermin Kamal , Bindayna Khalid Mubarak 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa has emerged as a life-threatening infectious agent worldwide. Carbapenemase genes are reported to be some of the most common mechanisms for carbapenem resistance in P. aeruginosa. No reports are available from the Kingdom of Bahrain about carbapenem resistance and the underlying cause. In this study, we determined to study the presence of the metallo-beta-lactamase (M β L) genes of VIM family and NDM-1 in carbapenem-resistant P. aeruginosa strains.
METHODOLOGY: Fifty carbapenem-resistant P. aeruginosa isolates were obtained from three main hospitals of Bahrain. They were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing by disc diffusion test. Subsequently, MβL was detected by imipenem-ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) combined disc test and conventional polymerase chain reaction.
RESULTS: Among 50 P. aeruginosa strains, 40 (80%) were imipenem resistant. Among the 40 imipenem-resistant strains, 35 (87.5%) strains were positive for the imipenem-EDTA combined disc test, and 21 (52%) were carrying MβL genes. Nineteen (47.5%) strains were positive for the VIM gene; one (2.5%) strain was carrying the NDM-1 gene, while one strain was carrying both the VIM and NDM-1 genes. None of the imipenem sensitive strains carried the VIM or NDM-1 gene.
CONCLUSION: This is the first study to report the presence of the VIM family gene and NDM-1 genes in imipenem-resistant P. aeruginosa isolates in the Kingdom of Bahrain. The study also confirms the multiple drug resistance by the MβL strains, attention should therefore from now on, be focused on prevention of further spread of such isolates by firm infection control measures, and to reduce its threat to public health.
Detection of carbapenemase production in Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas species by carbapenemase Nordmann–Poirel test
Authors: Rao Morubagal R. , Chandrashaker Pooja , Mahale Rashmi P. , Shivappa Sowmya G. , Gowda Ranjitha S. , Chitharagi Vidyavathi B. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
PURPOSE: Multidrug-resistant organisms causing community-acquired and hospital-acquired infections are increasing at a dangerous rate. Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas species are an important source of concern since these organisms are not only resistant to beta-lactam antibiotics but also show cross-resistance to other groups of antibiotics. In the present study, rapid detection of these carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas species by carbapenemase Nordmann–Poirel (Carba NP) test was evaluated by comparing with modified Hodge test (MHT).
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Imipenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas species isolated from various samples such as pus, blood, sputum, urine, and endotracheal aspirates were processed for carbapenemase detection by MHT and Carba NP test. Kappa analysis was done to evaluate the percentage agreement between the two tests.
RESULTS: Seventy imipenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas isolates were analyzed in the present study for carbapenemase production. 63.41% ofEnterobacteriaceae and 34.48% of Pseudomonas species were carbapenemase producers considering both the methods. By MHT, 36 (51.42%) isolates and, by Carba NP test, 35 (50%) isolates were positive for carbapenemase production out of the 70 isolates.
CONCLUSION: Carba NP test when compared to MHT is a simple, rapid, cost-effective biochemical test which can be used in all laboratories in the identification of life-threatening carbapenemase-producing Gram-negative bacteria.
A substitute to xylene in deparaffinization and clearing prior to coverslipping in histopathology
Authors: Alwahaibi Nasar Yousuf , Aldughaishi Sirin Hamed 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Deparaffinization and clearing prior to coverslipping are important steps in all staining methods in histopathology. Xylene is the most commonly used agent worldwide. However, xylene is toxic. We evaluated safer alternative dewaxing and clearing agents prior to coverslipping in a histopathology laboratory.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirteen different fresh surgical tissues were cut into two halves. One half processed using xylene and the other half processed using UltraClear™. Five groups were designed. For each Group of A, B, C, and D, 100 slides were cut from xylene-processed blocks. For Group E, 100 slides were cut from UltraClear™-processed blocks. Group A is the standard method. Group B evaluates UltraClear™ as a dewaxing agent only. Group C evaluates UltraClear™ as a clearing agent prior to coverslipping only. Group D evaluates UltraClear™ as both dewaxing and clearing agents prior to coverslipping. Group E evaluates UltraClear™ as both dewaxing and clearing agents prior to coverslipping. Six parameters were evaluated: nuclear staining, cytoplasmic staining, cell morphology, clarity of staining, uniformity of staining, and cost.
RESULTS: Groups B, C, and D showed 79% (P = 0.054), 83% (P = 0.221), and 80% (P = 0.079) adequacy when compared with Group A (89%), respectively. However, Group E showed only 76% (P = 0.016) adequacy. UltraClear™ is more expensive than xylene.
CONCLUSION: UltraClear™ is a promising dewaxing agent. It is also a good clearing agent for use prior to coverslipping in histopathology laboratory. Cost-benefit balance between safety of laboratory workers, good quality staining, and cost-effective strategy needs to be further studied.
Integrated Justice in Pakistan: From Legal Pluralism to Normative Convergence
Authors: Mahmood Tahir , Khan Sajjad Ali , Sarwar Shahab 
Published: May 2019

Legal pluralism, throughout most of developing countries, has been extant since the onset of colonial era. Manifested in a variety of forms, legal pluralism is inherently characterized by both promises as well as limitations. In Pakistan, legal pluralism is epitomized by the prevalence and functioning of parallel systems of justice such as formal courts and Alternate Dispute Resolution Mechanism (ADRM), such as “Jirga. Poor coordination and tenuous enforcement mechanisms, however, render the formal justice system in Pakistan one of poorest performers in terms of judicial efficacy world-wide. This article seeks to explore the possibility of a convergence between traditional and modern models of dispute resolution, i.e. Jirga and court system and the resultant efficacy thereof through devising a conceptual framework. The framework reveals that both formal courts and Jirga demonstrate marked discrepancies concerning their efficacy with respect to the provision of justice and dispute resolution. Findings from the field, however, evince that Jirga stand out to be a relatively more effective mechanism of dispute resolution than formal courts. The conceptual framework, however, implies that by converging both systems it is possible to cope with the limitations of each of the two systems such that while courts could provide legal legitimacy to the Jirga by improving its decency and accountability through regulations, Jirga could enhance the legitimacy of courts by improving its accessibility and transparency through feedback mechanisms. The article concludes by way of arguing that instead of parting ways with each other, both courts and jirga shall seek to go hand in hand in order avoid delays in the provision of justice.
Women Fans' Journeys through Darkness
Authors: Mangione Lorraine , Luff Donna 
Published: May 2019

AbstractWhat is important to women fans of Bruce Springsteen's work? Why do women listen to Springsteen and what does his work mean to them? These were some of the animating questions that propelled us, a psychologist and a sociologist and also Springsteen fans, to construct an on-line survey to hear from women fans about their motivations and the meaning that they construct from Springsteen's music. In this article, we explore how women fans find Springsteen's work to be critical in struggling through dark times. Many women cited Darkness on the Edge of Town as a starting or turning point in their journey as fans. Women fans predominantly see themselves as on a personal and developmental journey with Springsteen, and that Springsteen and his music serve in a role of a teacher/therapist/guide, friend, or family member, as women strive to make meaning in their own lives. Darkness on the Edge of Town in particular serves as a companion to women during troubled times. We explore how elements of relationship, authenticity, hope, energy, and renewal in this companionship traverse gender and connect to psychotherapy, sustaining women fans as they understand, shape, and survive the darkness in their lives.
Runaway American Dream: Nostalgia, Figurative Memory, and Autofiction in Stories ofBorn to Run
Authors: Hermann Veronika 
Published: May 2019

AbstractIn this article I propose an argument about not one, but three different renditions of Born to Run. Two of them are books. Just before his hit records Darkness on the Edge of Town and Born in the U.S.A., Born to Run was a milestone in Bruce Springsteen's four-decade career. The album contains songs that despite their loudness offer haunting, depressing explorations of betrayal, isolation, and the despair of post-Vietnam War America. While a great deal of research has approached hometown nostalgia and transformations of blue-collar identity in Springsteen's musical oeuvre, what has yet remained underdeveloped what could the connection be between songs that shaped American cultural memory, Dave Marsh's early Springsteen biography published in 1979, and Springsteen's newly released autobiography—both with the title Born to Run. While the previous piece is clearly calls for a historical approach, the contemporary autobiography by Springsteen raises issues about the spatial nature of social nostalgia, the possibility of intertextuality between different cultural products and the book's relation to the two decades that changed everything.
Higher order composition Runge-Kutta methods
Authors: Chen D. J. L. , Chang J. C. , Cheng C. H. 
Published: May 2019

We derive a ﬁfth order ﬁve-stage explicit Runge-Kutta composition method, and an error estimator using linear combination of stage values and output values over two steps. Numerical results presented by testing the new pair over DETEST problems show a signiﬁcant improvement.
On The slant helices according to Bishop frame of the timelike curve in Lorentzian space
Authors: Bukcu Bahaddin , Karacan Murat Kemal 
Published: May 2019

T.Ikawa obtained the following differential equation$$D_{T}D_{T}D_{T}T-KD_{T}T,K=\kappa ^{2}-\tau ^{2}$$for the c\i rcular helix which corresponds the case that the curvature $ \kappa $ and torsion $ \tau $ of timelike curve $ \alpha $ on the Lorentzian manifold $ M_{1} $ are constant [5]. In this paper, we have defined a slant helix according to Bishop frame of the timelike curve. Furthermore, we have given some necessary and sufficent conditions for the slant helix and T.Ikawa's result is generalized to the case of the general slant helix.
On the ﬁrst prolongational limit set of ﬂows of free mappings
Authors: Le´sniak Zbigniew 
Published: May 2019

We consider an equivalence relation deﬁned for a given ﬂow of the plane which has no ﬁxed points. We prove that the ﬁrst prolongational limit set of every point from the boundary of an equivalence class is contained in the boundary of this class. Moreover, if two points lying on two different boundary orbits of a class are contained in the same component of the complement of an orbit of this class, then each of these two points is contained in the ﬁrst prolongational limit set of the other one.
On the inverse Laplace transform of H-function associated with Feynman types integrals
Authors: Chaurasia V. B. L. , Parihar Hari Singh 
Published: May 2019

The Laplace transform and its inverse are fundamental and powerful tools in solving boundary value problems occurring in the diverse fields of engineering. Here we will establish some useful formulas giving the inverse Laplace transform of various products of algebraic powers and $ \overline{H} $-function, involving one and more variables, which are unified and likely to have applications in several different areas.
Statistics of excitonic energy states based on phononic-excitonic-radiative model
Authors: Ishitani Yoshihiro , Oki Kensuke , Miyake Hideto 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Excitation and deexcitation dynamics of excitons in GaN are analyzed by theoretical simulation using a set of rate equations based on a phononic-excitonic-radiative (PXR) model, which is applied to the analysis of experimentally-observed photoluminescence (PL) properties using a short pulse excitation. In phononic processes, deformation and piezoelectric interactions of the LA phonon and Fröhlich interaction of the LO phonon are taken into account. This model is successfully applied to the analysis of experimentally-observed emission line intensity ratios for excitons. This analysis reveals that the strong population exchange between the state of the principal quantum number n = 2 and the continuum takes place due to the increase in temperature. Further, the long experimental radiative lifetime component in the temporal PL decay curve up to 100 ns at room temperature (RT) is attributed to the shift of the population distribution to higher n states, which work as population reservoirs of the n = 1 state. Theoretical calculation using this model suggests that the dominant phonon mode in the excitation transfers from the n = 1 and 2 states shifts from the LA phonon to the LO phonon due to the increase in temperature from 130 K to 240 K. The PXR simulation model is feasible for the analysis of exciton-carrier dynamics and radiation efficiency analyses.
Posted Worker Voice and Transnational Action
Authors: Wagner Ines 
Published: May 2019

Chapter 4 shifts the perspective to power and mobilization theory to demonstrate how workers foster community and media support to address contentious workplace issues within the transnational space. Through an exemplary case, this chapter traces the process and explores the conditions under which re-territorialization can evolve in these transnational workspaces. The case examines an alliance in the meat industry between transnational posted workers, a local civil society organization, and the trade union. From an analytical perspective, the chapter considers these coalitions as examples of re-territorialization that is a form of resistance in increasingly de-territorialized labor markets. The case demonstrates that the transnational nature of posted workers’ employment relationship and living situation requires a different approach to organizing resistance beyond the traditional institutional perspectives on German trade unionism. The case goes against arguments that German trade unions traditionally refrain from forming coalitions because of their institutional position and Germany’s strong employment law.
Borders in a European Labor Market
Authors: Wagner Ines 
Published: May 2019

Chapter 5 adopts a more explicitly spatial perspective and looks at how borders are constructed in both regulatory and workplace terms. It analyzes the contours of the new structure for employment relations that emerges within the pan-European labor market and studies the reshaping of the nation state from the micro-level points of view of societal actors such as mobile workers, public administration officials, firms, and trade unions. Findings demonstrate that two types of borders are significant in relation to posting in a pan-European labor market: (1) borders for labor market regulation that inhibit the enforcement of labor rights and (2) the border of the firm—that is, the border between the main and subcontracting firms that isolates workers from the host-country industrial relations systems. These borders impact the institutional separation between posted workers and host-country trade unions.
Gene expression inTribolium castaneumlife stages: Identifying a species-specific target for pest control applications
Authors: Perkin Lindsey C. , Oppert Brenda 
Published: May 2019

The red flour beetle,Tribolium castaneum, is a major agricultural pest of post-harvest products and stored grain. Control ofT. castaneumin stored products and grain is primarily by fumigants and sprays, but insecticide resistance is a major problem, and new control strategies are needed.T. castaneumis a genetic model for coleopterans, and the reference genome can be used for discovery of candidate gene targets for molecular-based control, such as RNA interference. Gene targets need to be pest specific, and ideally, they are expressed at low levels for successful control. Therefore, we sequenced the transcriptome of four major life stages ofT. castaneum, sorted data into groups based on high or low expression levels, and compared relative gene expression among all life stages. We narrowed our candidate gene list to a cuticle protein gene (CPG) for further analysis. We found that the CPG sequence was unique toT. castaneumand expressed only in the larval stage. RNA interference targeting CPG in newly-emerged larvae caused a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in CPG expression (1,491-fold) compared to control larvae and 64% mortality over 18 d. RNA-Seq of survivors after 18 d identified changes in the expression of other genes as well, including 52 long noncoding RNAs. Expression of three additional cuticle protein genes were increased and two chitinase genes were decreased in response to injection of CPG dsRNA. The data demonstrate that RNA-Seq can identify genes important for insect survival and thus may be used to develop novel biologically-based insect control products.
Transcriptomic study of the mechanism of anoikis resistance in head and neck squamous carcinoma
Authors: Guo Chen , Xu Ling-feng , Li Hui-min , Wang Wei , Guo Ji-hua , Jia Meng-qi , Jia Rong , Jia Jun 
Published: May 2019

Background
Normal epithelial cells rapidly undergo apoptosis as soon as they lose contact with the extracellular matrix (ECM), which is termed as anoikis. However, cancer cells tend to develop a resistance mechanism to anoikis. This acquired ability is termed as anoikis resistance. Cancer cells, with anoikis resistance, can spread to distant tissues or organs via the peripheral circulatory system and cause cancer metastasis. Thus, inhibition of anoikis resistance blocks the metastatic ability of cancer cells.

Methods
Anoikis-resistant CAL27 (CAL27AR) cells were induced from CAL27 cells using the suspension culture approach. Transcriptome analysis was performed using RNA-Seq to study the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the CAL27ARcells and the parental CAL27 cells. Gene function annotation and Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis were performed using DAVID database. Signaling pathways involved in DEGs were analyzed using Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) software. Analysis results were confirmed by reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR), western blotting, and gene correlation analysis based on the TCGA database.

Results
GO enrichment analysis indicated that the biological process (BP) of the DEGs was associated with epidermal development, DNA replication, and G1/S transition of the mitotic cell cycle. The analysis of cellular component (CC) showed that the most significant up-regulated genes were related to extracellular exosome. KEGG Pathway analysis revealed that 23 signaling pathways were activated (p-value ≤ 0.05, FDR q-value ≤ 0.05) and 22 signaling pathways were suppressed (p-value ≤ 0.05, FDR q-value ≤ 0.05). The results from the GSEA indicated that in contrast to the inhibition of EGFR signaling pathway, the VEGF signaling pathway was activated. The VEGF signaling pathway possibly activates STAT3 though induction of STAT3 phosphorylation. Gene correlation analysis revealed that the VEGFA- STAT3-KLF4-CDKN1A signal axis was not only present in head and neck squamous carcinoma (HNSCC) but also two other epithelial-derived carcinomas that highly express VEGFA, including kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) and ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma (OV).