bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Towards reliable primary data collection and harmonized set of indicators in S-LCA on the stakeholder worker
Authors: Chabrawi Arij Mohamad Radwan Omar , de Andrade Josemberg Moura , Ugaya Cássia Maria Lie , Traverso Marzia 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Introduction
S-LCA has emerged within sustainability assessment in the last 20 years, aiming at assessing the social impacts of products and services. Several improvements on the methodological and theoretical backgrounds were reported in the literature, since its early beginning. However, there are still some gaps that must be filled: lack of consensus on the indicators, methodological limitations, and hegemony of secondary data, among others. Therefore, this research aimed to benefit from one area related to social sciences, named as psychometrics, to develop 14 questionnaires (scales) to collect primary data regarding all worker’s impact subcategories.

Method
In general terms, the methodological steps were as follows: (1) literature review of the impact subcategories; (2) definition of the constitutive and operational definitions; (3) run focus groups with workers from different economic sectors and positions to deep understand their reality; (4) creating scales’ items; (5) run semantics analysis; (6) run specialists’ analyses; (7) pilot and final application of the scales; and (8) run exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA).

Results and discussion
Five different focus groups were run to better understand each subcategory, and 14 semantics analyses to check the understanding of the scales’ items. Five different groups comprised of four different experts on S-LCA assessed the items’ content. Kappa’s Fleiss indicated from moderate to almost perfect agreement. The scales were applied in two rounds. On the first, EFA was run pointing out to factor retention solution identical or close to the literature review. CFA confirmed the models proposed with adequate adjustment indices. The analyses have shown that all 14 scales indicated to have evidence of content validity and validity based on the internal structure. The reliability coefficients relating to the indicators appointed to a high precision on the measurement.

Conclusions
This study contributes to overcoming some of the current theoretical and methodological gaps in S-LCA. Practitioners can benefit from 14 scales to collect primary data regarding worker in a reliable, scientific, and confidential way. Data can be used in both types of impact assessment methods. The scales may also support other research initiatives that aim at studying and improving working conditions for all workers, from any economic sector.
Development of a policy-based distance-to-target weighting method in life cycle impact assessment for Nigeria
Authors: Isah Mohammed Engha , Zhang Zhengyang , Matsubae Kazuyo 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Weighting in LCA is important as it supports decision-making by prioritising and determining which impact categories are more important. However, the lack of weighting factors in developing countries forces LCA practitioners to adopt weighting values developed for other countries, leading to a less transparent decision-making process. One transparent and easily reproducible distance-to-target (DtT) weighting method that can be applied in Nigeria is the Swiss-developed ecological scarcity method. This method is based on the ratio of the current environmental situation of a country, region or product to the desired policy targets. The purpose of this study was to apply the ESM to develop weighting factors and eco-factors for Nigeria.

Methods
The normalization and current flows data for emissions and resource use in 2010 (base year) were collected from official data sources, and the critical flows were extracted from corresponding policy targets of the Government of Nigeria in 2030 (target year). The ESM was then applied to the aggregated data to derive Nigeria-specific weighting factors and eco-factors as the quantitative indicators for the emissions and resources.

Results and discussion
Weighting and eco-factors for emissions and resources were developed for 25 environmental issues in Nigeria. NOx, total petroleum hydrocarbon and land use weigh heavily. Except for carcinogenic substances in the air, emissions to water resulted in high eco-factors: TPH, phenol, total nitrogen, nitrate, ammonia and heavy metals (human and ecotoxicity). Policymakers in Nigeria need to set quantitative emission reduction targets for substances and such as carcinogenic substances in the air, oil spills and metal mineral resources.

Conclusions
The ESM was used to develop Nigeria’s eco-factors as quantitative indicators for emissions or resource use using the normalization and current flows in 2010 obtained from government data sources as base year data. The critical flows were extracted from the policy targets of the government of Nigeria, with 2030 as the target year. The eco-factors can support environmental sustainability decision-making in Nigeria. Future methodological development should apply updated policy targets and more data to calculate eco-factors for missing substances such as waste (radioactive and non-radioactive), heavy metal emissions to air and soil, emissions to groundwater, photochemical ozone creation substances and phosphorous in surface water and soil.
Metaphilosophy Armed with Original Texts: A Corpus Study on the Intuition-talk in Theory of Reference
Authors: Sękowski Krzysztof 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe paper engages in two metaphilosophical disputes. The first concerns the importance of studying original texts to establish the methods used by philosophers. The second addresses the role of intuitions in philosophical arguments. In this paper, I argue that a close reading of original texts is crucial for the methodological dispute on the role of intuitions in philosophy. I refer to the critique of this stance proposed by Landes, discuss it, and justify my claim by presenting the results and benefits of a corpus study concerning the practice known as “intuition-talk” in the theory of reference. The study consists of an in-depth qualitative analysis of this practice with respect to four parameters: indicators of intuition-talk, the subject of that talk, the mode of that talk (whether intuition-talk is used by formulating a judgment on a particular case or ascribing a general property to a given phenomenon), and the issue of whether intuitive claims are supported by arguments. I discuss the results, their consequences, and outline some challenges that need to be addressed in future studies conducted within the proposed approach and thereby demonstrate why such a study, focused on the content of original texts, should be seen as metaphilosophically valuable.
Inverse Problem in the Stochastic Approach to Modeling of Phase Transformations in Steels during Cooling after Hot Forming
Authors: Szeliga Danuta , Foryś Jakub , Jażdżewska Natalia , Kusiak Jan , Nadolski Rafał , Oprocha Piotr , Pietrzyk Maciej , Potorski Paweł , Przybyłowicz Paweł 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe motivation for this research was the need for a reliable prediction of the distribution of microstructural parameters in steels during thermomechanical processing. The stochastic model describing the evolution of dislocation populations and grain size, which considers the random phenomena occurring during the hot forming of metallic alloys, was extended by including phase transformations during cooling. Accounting for a stochastic character of the nucleation of the new phase is the main feature of the model. Steel was selected as an example of the metallic alloy and equations describing the nucleation probability were proposed for ferrite, pearlite and bainite. The accuracy and reliability of the model depends on the correctness of the determination of the coefficients corresponding to the specific material. In the present paper these coefficients were identified using the inverse analysis for the experimental data. Experiments composed constant cooling rate tests for cooling rates in the range 0.1-20 °C/s. The inverse approach to a nonlinear model is ill-conditioned and must be transferred into an optimization problem, which requires formulating the appropriate objective function. Since the model is stochastic, it was a crucial, yet demanding task. The objective function based on a metric of the distance between measured and calculated histograms was proposed to achieve this goal. The original stochastic approach to identifying the phase transformation model for steels was tested, and an appropriate optimization strategy was proposed.
From gaming to surgery: the influence of digital natives on robotic skills development
Authors: Szabó Dominik Imre , Vereczkei András , Papp András 
Published: November 2024

AbstractOur study investigates the potential correlation between generational differences, like age and previous experience with digital innovations, such as video games and smartphones, and the performance on the Da Vinci Skills Simulator, the cornerstone of robotic surgery training. Thirty participants were involved from three age groups: Generation Alpha, Generation Z, and Generation X. None had prior robotic surgical experience. Participants performed the Wrist Articulation 1 task on the Da Vinci Skills Simulator after two practice rounds. Analysis of performance metrics and statistical tests were conducted to assess the differences between groups. Additionally, participants had completed a survey on their habits related to video gaming, smartphone, and computer usage. A trend was observed where performance declined with age, meaning that Generation Alpha performed the most successfully compared to the other generations, although the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.51). However, significant differences were found in Glass Movement (GM) by Generation Z showing superior precision, making less errors (p = 0.019). The study found no correlation between simulator performance and early or frequent exposure to smartphones or video games. Interestingly, frequent two-thumb typing on smartphones correlated with better performance in the GM metric (p = 0.006). Generation Z demonstrated greater precision in handling the simulator, reflecting that robotic surgery training might be best to be started at the beginning of residency programs. Young doctors using two-thumb typing develop robotic surgery skills faster. Further studies are needed to determine whether this quicker learning would also lead to better skills later on.
Resonances and Formal Stability Investigation in Hamiltonian Systems
Authors: Batkhin Alexander , Khaydarov Zafar 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis paper proposes a method for studying formal stability of equilibrium points in multiparameter Hamiltonian systems with three degrees of freedom. We detail a technique for the symbolic computation of resonance conditions, employing computer algebra and power geometry to represent the resonant variety as a rational algebraic curve and provide its polynomial parametrization. A non-trivial example of formal stability investigation is considered. An implementation of resonant variety calculations in the computer algebra system Maple is also discussed.
Inhibiting CD40 Ligand in Multiple Sclerosis: A Review of Emerging Therapeutic Potential
Authors: Vermersch Patrick , Wagner David , Mars Lennart T. , Noelle Randolph , Giovannoni Gavin 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Current high-efficacy disease-modifying therapies for multiple sclerosis (MS) primarily target adaptive immune cells in peripheral tissues, controlling focal inflammation (acute relapses and magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] activity). However, there is a need for new, safe therapies that address disease progression and disability accumulation in relapsing and progressive MS. The CD40/CD40L pathway, which regulates adaptive and innate immunity, is implicated in MS pathogenesis, making it a potential therapeutic target. Early clinical trials of anti-CD40L antibodies showed encouraging efficacy in autoimmune indications but were discontinued due to thromboembolic risk. Recent therapeutic advancements now allow researchers to leverage this pathway while reducing safety risks.

Recent Findings
Frexalimab is a humanized anti-CD40L immunoglobulin-G1 monoclonal antibody, Fc-engineered to overcome thromboembolic risk. It is the first second-generation anti-CD40L antibody being investigated in MS. In a randomized-controlled phase 2 trial, frexalimab was well-tolerated, showing rapid and sustained reduction in disease activity (assessed by MRI) while preserving lymphocyte levels.

Summary
Recent clinical findings strengthen the rationale for targeting CD40L in MS, supporting further development of anti-CD40L antibodies as potential high-efficacy, non-lymphocyte-depleting MS therapy. Further research is needed to understand the role of this pathway in MS pathogenesis and explore CD40L inhibition to address neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration, where unmet medical needs exist.
Decisions, Decisions, Decisions: An Ethnographic Study of Researcher Discretion in Practice
Authors: van Drimmelen Tom , Slagboom M. Nienke , Reis Ria , Bouter Lex M. , van der Steen Jenny T. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis paper is a study of the decisions that researchers take during the execution of a research plan: their researcher discretion. Flexible research methods are generally seen as undesirable, and many methodologists urge to eliminate these so-called ‘researcher degrees of freedom’ from the research practice. However, what this looks like in practice is unclear. Based on twelve months of ethnographic fieldwork in two end-of-life research groups in which we observed research practice, conducted interviews, and collected documents, we explore when researchers are required to make decisions, and what these decisions entail.An abductive analysis of this data showed that researchers are constantly required to further interpret research plans, indicating that there is no clear division between planning and plan execution. This discretion emerges either when a research protocol is underdetermined or overdetermined, in which case they need to operationalise or adapt the plans respectively. In addition, we found that many of these instances of researcher discretion are exercised implicitly. Within the research groups it was occasionally not clear which topic merited an active decision, or which action could retroactively be categorised as one.Our ethnographic study of research practice suggests that researcher discretion is an integral and inevitable aspect of research practice, as many elements of a research protocol will either need to be further operationalised or adapted during its execution. Moreover, it may be difficult for researchers to identify their own discretion, limiting their effectivity in transparency.
Solutions of the Sinh-Gordon Equation of Spectral Genus Two and Constrained Willmore Tori I
Authors: Knopf M. , Peña Hoepner R. , Schmidt M. U. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In Pinkall and Sterling (Ann Math 130:407–451, 1989) and Hitchin (J Differ Geom 31:627–710, 1990) the solutions of the elliptic sinh-Gordon equation of finite spectral genus g are investigated. These solutions are parametrized by complex matrix-valued polynomials called potentials. On the space of these potentials there act two commuting flows. The orbits of these flows are called Polynomial Killing fields. For

$$g=2$$

g
=
2

they are double periodic. The eigenvalues of these matrix-valued polynomials are preserved along the flows and determine the lattice of periods. For

$$g = 2$$

g
=
2

, we investigate the level sets of these eigenvalues, which are called isospectral sets, and the dependence of the period lattice on the isospectral sets. The limiting cases of spectral genus one and zero are included. These limiting cases are used to construct on every elliptic curve three conformal maps to

$$\mathbb {H}$$

H

which are constrained Willmore. Finally, the Willmore functional is calculated in dependence of the conformal class.
Efficacy and safety of novel anticoagulant therapies in patients with chronic kidney disease—a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Calderon Martinez Ernesto , Sanchez Cruz Camila , Diarte Acosta Edna Y. , Aguirre Cano Daniel Alejandro , Espinosa Ana Maria , Othón Martínez Diana , Furman Flor , Obando Vera Sebastian 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) significantly increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases, including atrial fibrillation, which usually requires anticoagulant therapy. The effectiveness and safety of direct oral anticoagulants compared to vitamin K antagonists in patients with CKD remain insufficiently studied, particularly in the more advanced stages.

Methods
This systematic review, registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023410192), adhered to PRISMA guidelines and included randomized clinical trials and cohort studies comparing direct oral anticoagulants and vitamin K antagonists in CKD patients. Major databases were searched, and studies were selected based on strict inclusion criteria. A meta-analysis was performed using random-effects models.

Results
Twenty-three studies with a total of 465,673 CKD patients were included. Direct oral anticoagulants showed a significant reduction in major bleeding events compared to vitamin K antagonists (Relative Risk [RR] = 0.62, 95% Confidence Interval: 0.49–0.79, p < 0.01) and a non-significant trend toward reducing thromboembolic events (RR = 0.69, 95% Confidence Interval: 0.43–1.14, p = 0.11). Furthermore, direct oral anticoagulants were associated with a significant reduction in all-cause mortality (RR = 0.63, 95% Confidence Interval: 0.43–0.91, p = 0.02).

Conclusion
Direct oral anticoagulants may offer a safe alternative to vitamin K antagonists in CKD patients, particularly in terms of reducing bleeding risks and potentially improving survival. However, their role in preventing thromboembolic events remains uncertain, highlighting the need for further research, especially in patients with advanced CKD and kidney failure.

Graphical abstract
Monodromy of Picard–Fuchs system for a family of K3 toric hypersurfaces and fixed points of the Hilbert modular group for $$\mathbb {Q}(\sqrt{2})$$
Authors: Ishige Toshimasa 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWe solve the monodromy problem about the Picard–Fuchs system for the two-parameter family of the anticanonical hypersurfaces in the toric three-fold arising from a specific reflexive polytope. The members of the family are resolved to be K3 surfaces polarized by a lattice of signature (1, 17) with discriminant $$-8$$

-
8

. The Picard–Fuchs system consists of two hypergeometric differential equations of order 2 with the four-dimensional solution space. The independent variables are affine coordinates of the punctured weighted projective space $$\mathbb {P}(1,2,3)\hspace{1.111pt}{\setminus }\hspace{1.111pt}\{(1,0,0)\}$$

P
(
1
,
2
,
3
)

\

{
(
1
,
0
,
0
)
}

which forms a moduli space of the family. We construct the isomorphism from $$\mathbb {P}(1,2,3)\hspace{1.111pt}{\setminus }\hspace{1.111pt}\{(1,0,0)\}$$

P
(
1
,
2
,
3
)

\

{
(
1
,
0
,
0
)
}

to the symmetric Hilbert modular orbifold $$\mathbb {H}^2/\langle \text {PSL}_2(\mathscr {O}_K),\tau _1\rangle $$

H

2

/

⟨

PSL
2

(

O
K

)

,

τ
1

⟩

for $$K=\mathbb {Q}(\sqrt{2})$$

K
=
Q
(

2

)

and its inverse as a triplet of symmetric Hilbert modular forms. Here (1, 0, 0) corresponds to the cusp. As the fundamental set of solutions, we take a set of series convergent near the cusp. We obtain the generators of the monodromy group in $$\text {GL}_4(\mathbb {Z})$$

GL
4

(
Z
)

by deforming the domains for the period integrals expressing the solutions. We construct the isomorphism from the monodromy group to $$\langle \text {PSL}_2(\mathscr {O}_K),\tau _1\rangle $$

⟨

PSL
2

(

O
K

)

,

τ
1

⟩

. Using the monodromy, we obtain fixed points of the Hilbert modular group $$\text {PSL}_2(\mathscr {O}_K)$$

PSL
2

(

O
K

)

and their respective isotropy groups, which are consistent with the results of the prior research taking an arithmetic approach.
Assessment tools addressing avoidable care transitions in older adults: a systematic literature review
Authors: Makhmutov Rustem , Calle Egusquiza Alicia , Roqueta Guillen Cristina , Amor Fernandez Eva-Maria , Meyer Gabriele , E. Ellen Moriah , Fleischer Steffen , Renom Guiteras Anna 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The phenomenon of avoidable care transitions has received increasing attention over the last decades due to its frequency and associated burden for the patients and the healthcare system. A number of assessment tools to identify avoidable transitions have been designed and implemented. The selection of the most appropriate tool appears to be challenging and time-consuming. This systematic review aimed to identify and comprehensively describe the assessment tools that can support stakeholders´ care transition decisions on older adults.

Methods
This study was conducted as part of the TRANS-SENIOR research network. A systematic search was conducted in MEDLINE via PubMed, CINAHL, and CENTRAL. No restrictions regarding publication date and language were applied.

Results
The search in three electronic databases revealed 1266 references and screening for eligibility resulted in 58 articles for inclusion. A total of 48 assessment tools were identified covering different concepts, judgement processes, and transition destinations. We found variation in the comprehensiveness of the tools with regard to dimensions used in the judgement process.

Conclusion
All tools are not comprehensive with respect to the dimensions covered, as they address only one or a few perspectives. Although assessment tools can be useful in clinical practice, it is worth it to bear in mind that they are meant to support decision-making and supplement the care professional´s judgement, instead of replacing it. Our review might guide clinicians and researchers in choosing the right tool for identification of avoidable care transitions, and thus support informed decision-making.
Affective, cognitive, and contextual cues in Reddit posts on artificial intelligence
Authors: Savela Nina , Pellert Max , Latikka Rita , Bergdahl Jenna , Garcia David , Oksanen Atte 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Artificially intelligent technologies have become a common topic in our everyday discussions where arguments about the subject can take different forms from cognitive reasoning to emotional expressions. Utilizing persuasion theories and research on the appeal of content characteristics as the theoretical approach to examine affective–cognitive language, we investigated social media posts on artificial intelligence (AI). We examined Reddit posts from 2005 to 2018 referring to AI (N = 455,634) using automated content analysis tools. The results revealed that although both the tone positivity and affective–cognitive ratio were dependent on the specific context, the language in AI posts was more analytically than emotionally oriented in general. Other users were more likely to engage with Reddit posts on AI that were high in cognitive and analytic content compared to affective and emotional content. In addition to the practical contribution of public opinion on AI, the results contribute to the theoretical discussions on affective and cognitive language in social media discussions.