bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of anthropogenic landscapes in a wild Columba livia (Rock Dove) population
Authors: Smith William J , Portugal Steven J , Jezierski Michał T 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT
Despite the role of many domestic animals as model organisms, our understanding of their undomesticated conspecifics is comparatively poor. This limits our ability to infer the eco-evolutionary context of phenomena studied in the laboratory and to explore domestication. The domestic pigeon’s wild form is the Rock Dove (Columba livia). By studying 5 global positioning system–tagged wild Rock Doves in Scotland’s Outer Hebrides, we present the first individual-level assessment of undomesticated Rock Dove movements, revealing extensive use of anthropogenic habitats in both a roosting and foraging context. This association with humans provides tantalizing opportunities for research into the pre-domestication human–pigeon relationship. More generally, this work highlights the value of researching laboratory model species in nature.
Discovery of 4-(2-phenylethynyl) benzoic acid as a potential potent chemical pruner
Authors: Fang Pingping , Li Xiaofang , Li Mingxuan , Shi Zhen , Cheng Yusu , Shen Jiazhong , Zhang Chuanqing , Sun Ting , Ning Kang , Wu Xinyang , Fang Dong , Xu Pei 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Rocketing labor cost is a major challenge threatening agricultural sustainability and food security worldwide. The replacement of manual pruning of horticultural plants with chemical pruning has long been a goal for saving cost and reducing virus spreading. Here, guided by the structure–function relationship of allelochemical benzoic acid derivatives, we have identified 4-(2-phenylethynyl)-benzoicacid (PEBA) as a highly bioactive compound. PEBA arrested tomato seed germination at a concentration as low as 0.5 μM, and effectively suppressed lateral branching at 10–100 μM. In field conditions, a foliar spraying of 25 μM PEBA altered tomato plant architecture by repressing emergence and elongation of lateral buds, without significantly affecting plant growth and final fruit yield. Moreover, PEBA could also inhibit seed germination in cereals, albeit at a lower efficacy. The application of 500 μM and 750 μM PEBA profoundly curbed preharvest sprouting in wheat and rice. Acute toxicity analysis using silkworm and Trichogramma chilonis revealed that PEBA posed a low risk of toxicity. The persistence analysis further indicated that residue levels of PEBA in various plant organs were very low following applications. The inhibitory effect of PEBA on tomato seed germination was associated with the suppression of GA1 accumulation and reactive oxygen species generation, while its effect on lateral bud outgrowth were related to perturbations in the plant hormones and the modulation of genes involved in secondary metabolism and those encoding ABC transporters. Collectively, our findings demonstrate the potential of PEBA as a potent plant growth regulator with significant value for chemical pruning.
The transcription factor TGA2 orchestrates salicylic acid signal to regulate cold-induced proline accumulation in Citrus
Authors: Xiao Wei , Zhang Yang , Wang Yue , Zeng Yike , Shang Xiangming , Meng Lin , Zhang Yu , Fang Tian , Xiao Peng , Qu Jing , Wang Yilei , Wang Min , Li Chunlong , Liu Ji-Hong 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Plants subjected to cold stress have been observed to accumulate proline, but the underlying regulatory mechanism remains to be elucidated. In this study, we identified a pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase (P5CS)-encoding gene (CtrP5CS1) from trifoliate orange (Citrus trifoliata L.), a cold-hardy citrus species, as a critical gene for cold-induced proline accumulation. CtrTGA2 bound directly to the TGACG motif of the CtrP5CS1 promoter and activated its expression. Moreover, CtrTGA2 functioned positively in cold tolerance via modulation of proline synthesis by regulating CtrP5CS1 expression. Up-regulation of CtrP5CS1 and CtrTGA2 under cold stress was dependent on salicylic acid (SA) biosynthesis. CtrTGA2 directly regulated the expression of CtrICS1, a gene encoding isochorismate synthase (ICS) involved in SA biosynthesis, forming a positive feedback loop to intensify the CtrTGA2-mediated transcriptional activation of CtrP5CS1. The cold-induced SA receptor NONEXPRESSOR OF PATHOGENESIS-RELATED GENES3 (CtrNPR3) interacted with CtrTGA2 to inhibit its transcriptional activation activity; however, the inhibition was released by SA. Our results uncover the CtrTGA2-CtrP5CS1/CtrICS1 regulatory module that orchestrates the SA signal to regulate proline synthesis, giving important insights into the transcriptional mechanism underlying proline accumulation in plants under cold stress.
Incident characteristics of fatal forcible entry warrant raids in the USA (2010–6)
Authors: Perez Nicholas M , Whitehouse Emilie 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Following the police killings of Breonna Taylor, Amir Locke, and others, forcible entry warrant raids (FEWRs) by law enforcement have become especially controversial in the USA. Despite the growing debate over this law enforcement practice, there is little available data, and consequently, a lack of empirical research related to FEWRs. The current study utilizes a nationwide public database of fatal FEWR incidents in the USA from 2010 to 2016 to examine nationwide trends of fatal FEWRs, civilian and officer characteristics, warrant characteristics, situational characteristics, and the outcomes of investigations and civil lawsuits following fatal FEWRs. Results suggest that, while fatal FEWRs were common between 2010 and 2016, Black and African American civilians were overrepresented in the data. Results suggest that fatal FEWRs most frequently occurred during the execution of drug warrants and about one-quarter resulted in the death of a civilian who was not armed with a firearm. Most of these cases resulted in no charges filed against the officers, but approximately one-quarter resulted in a civil lawsuit. This examination advances the limited research on FEWRs, providing greater detail on the common incident characteristics of these raids, along with the individuals and communities that are frequently impacted by them.
The Securitization Flash Flood
Authors: Srinivasan Kandarp 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This paper highlights a connection between the stability of a bank’s funding sources (debt claims) and the liquidity of assets backing those claims. Using a natural experiment and hand-collected data on over 5,000 repurchase contracts, the paper shows that a shock that increased the liquidity of private-label MBS resulted in a greater proportion of MBS financed on balance sheet by unstable funding sources (short-term repo debt). This finding is relevant to a recent banking crisis (the SVB collapse in March 2023) in which losses on a bank’s liquid assets led to a run by uninsured (“flighty”) depositors financing those assets. (JEL G2, K2)
Experiences with patient-initiated follow-up supported by asynchronous telemedicine in spondyloarthritis: a mixed methods study
Authors: Smits Marius L , Hermans Kasper , Boonen Annelies , Vonkeman Harald E , Webers Casper , van Tubergen Astrid 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Objectives
To evaluate the experiences of patients with spondyloarthritis (SpA) and their healthcare providers (HCPs) with patient-initiated follow-up (PIFU) supported by asynchronous telemedicine (TM) compared with their past experiences with usual care, and to identify prerequisites for sustainable implementation of PIFU/TM.

Methods
Individual, semi-structured interviews were conducted with purposefully selected patients (n = 21) and HCPs (n = 9) who previously participated in the ‘TeleSpA’ randomised controlled trial and thematically analysed. PIFU/TM consisted of a once-yearly pre-planned physical visit with in-between remote monitoring at 6 months. Additionally, 13 HCPs completed a quantitative survey, which was analysed descriptively.

Results
Most patients and HCPs found PIFU/TM acceptable, given the presence of sufficient health literacy, digital literacy and motivation. Most patients felt no burdensome changes to their personal responsibility, and both in-person and remote communication between stakeholders ran smoothly. Advantages for patients included time savings, and improvements in disease insight and self-efficacy. Some HCPs experienced increased flexibility in their daily planning. Pivotal prerequisites for sustainable implementation were adequate infrastructure to conduct ad hoc diagnostic tests, assured rapid access to the outpatient clinic when necessary, availability of technical and logistical support, and a user-friendly monitoring tool integrated with existing hospital information systems. Fine-tuning the design and delivery of questionnaires as part of TM is an opportunity for future research.

Conclusion
PIFU/TM was perceived as an acceptable approach for the follow-up of motivated patients with SpA with adequate health literacy and digital literacy. Preserved accessibility to the outpatient clinic and availability of ancillary support are essential for its sustainable implementation.
Assessment of external occupational exposure of radiation workers in Jiangsu Province, 2019–2022
Authors: Chen Wei , Wei Xindi , Miao Yuji , Zhou Yuanyuan , Fan Xiangyong , Wang Jin 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This article analyzes the external occupational radiation exposure distribution and trends among radiation workers in Jiangsu Province. The results show that the total annual collective effective dose for radiation workers in Jiangsu Province from 2019 to 2022 was 24.82 person·Sv, with an average annual effective dose of 0.34 mSv over the 4-y period. The average annual effective dose exhibited an initial increase followed by a subsequent decrease, with statistically significant differences (P &lt; .001) between different years. In the medical uses, nuclear medicine and interventional radiology had higher average annual effective doses compared to other categories, at 0.42 and 0.38 mSv, respectively (P &lt; .05). In industrial applications, accelerator operation and industrial testing workers had higher average annual effective doses compared to others, at 0.32 and 0.31 mSv, respectively (P &lt; .001). Among different levels of medical institutions, secondary hospitals had the highest average annual effective dose (0.38 mSv, P &lt; .001). Overall, the average annual effective dose for radiation workers in Jiangsu Province remained relatively low from 2019 to 2022, meeting national standards. However, special attention should still be given to radiation workers in nuclear medicine, interventional radiology, industrial testing, and accelerator operation.
Assessment of thyroid dose in orthopantomogram imaging with different thyroid shield materials: a Monte Carlo simulation study
Authors: Vafapour Hassan , Panah Soraya , Rafiepour Payman , Panahi Seyedeh Roghayeh 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Radiation protection in dental radiography can be achieved by adjusting the image field size, exposure, and filtration parameters, and using protective lead shields. The aim of this study is to assess the radiation dose delivered to the thyroid in a phantom irradiated by an orthopantomogram (OPG) system using Geant4 simulation toolkit. Recently, researchers have been trying to find an alternative material to the lead thyroid shield so that the OPG image has minimal metal artifacts. In this study, several materials were introduced as alternatives to lead thyroid shields. The results showed that Pb, Bi, Bi2O3, stainless steel, polyurethane-Bi2O3 (50%–50% mixture), and polyurethane-W (50%–50% mixture) shields provide a thyroid dose reduction of up to 12.0%, 12.3%, 12.0%, 11.6%, 11.8%, and 12.0%, respectively. For the truncated thyroid shields, these values are up to 10.5%, 10.3%, 10.3%, 9.80%, 10.0%, and 10.1%, respectively. Therefore, Bi and Bi2O3 can be suitable alternatives to lead thyroid shields.
Community-Engaged Scholarship and Its Implications for Public Sociology and the Discipline
Authors: London Rebecca A , Hartmann Douglas , Plankey-Videla Nancy , Borland Elizabeth , Glasser Carol 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT
This article provides an overview of research, practice, and theory in community-engaged scholarship as a means to expand our understanding of public sociology and its broader implications for sociology as a discipline. We begin with an overview of community-engaged scholarship and how it is related to and distinct from public sociology. Five main principles of community-engaged work are highlighted: (1) reciprocity and mutual benefit; (2) ethics and knowledge production; (3) social action and change, typically from a social justice orientation; (4) multidisciplinary and mixed methods approaches; and (5) varied types of organizational partners. We elaborate these principles using illustrations from the Spivack-Community Action Research Initiative (CARI) grants funded by the American Sociological Association, which demonstrate the range of social problems that are addressed with community engagement. We conclude by delineating the importance of engagement for the ongoing development and revitalization of sociology and the institutional challenges that must be overcome for this approach to thrive in the discipline.
Discordance Down Under: Combining phylogenomics & fungal symbioses to detangle difficult nodes in a diverse tribe of Australian terrestrial orchids
Authors: O’Donnell Ryan P , Wong Darren C J , Phillips Ryan D , Peakall Rod , Linde Celeste C 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Orchid mycorrhizal fungi (OMF) associations in the Orchidaceae are thought to have been a major driver of diversification in the family. In the terrestrial orchid tribe Diurideae, it has long been hypothesised that OMF symbiont associations may reflect evolutionary relationships among orchid hosts. Given that recent phylogenomic efforts have been unable to fully resolve relationships among subtribes in the Diurideae, we sought to ascertain whether orchid OMF preferences may lend support to certain phylogenetic hypotheses. First, we used phylogenomic methods and Bayesian divergence time estimation to produce a genus-level tree for the Diurideae. Next, we synthesised decades of published fungal sequences and morphological/germination data to identify dominant fungal partners at the genus scale and perform ancestral state reconstruction to estimate the evolutionary trajectory of fungal symbiont shifts. Across the tribe, we found phylogenomic discordance stemming from incomplete lineage sorting. However, our results also revealed unprecedented phylogenetic niche conservatism of fungal symbionts within the tribe: entire genera, subtribes, and even groups of related subtribes associate with only a single fungal family, suggesting that fungal symbiont preferences in the Diurideae do indeed reflect phylogenetic relationships among orchid hosts. Moreover, we show that these relationships have evolved directionally from generalist associations with multiple fungal families towards more specific partnerships with only one fungal family. Orchid symbiont preferences here provide new insights into the placement of several groups with longstanding phylogenetic uncertainty. In spite of complex evolutionary histories, host-symbiont relationships can be used to help detangle alternative phylogenetic hypotheses.
A Prescription Produce Program integrating lifestyle behavior counseling and health education: A program description and evaluation
Authors: Battle Kimberly , Falls Katherine , Regal Rachel , Mansion Natalie , Williams Jonathan , Lingo Erin , Wendte Jered M , Waters Leland , Prom-Wormley Elizabeth , Judd Suzanne , Diallo Ana F 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Prescription Produce Programs (PPPs) are increasingly being used to address food insecurity and healthy diets. Yet, limited evidence exists on the effectiveness of integrating lifestyle counseling within a PPP to promote dietary and health behaviors. To describe the implementation of a 6- or 12-week PPP integrating lifestyle counseling to low-income adults. The PPP was implemented as part of a wellness and care coordination program and included: (i) a screening for social needs, (ii) PPP health education and lifestyle counseling visits, and (iii) distribution of produce. We conducted a pre- and post-descriptive analysis. We also reported a case study illustrating the PPP implementation and a Strengths/Weaknesses/Opportunities/Threats analysis. Fifty-three participants (85% Black American, 64% female, mean age: 66 years) completed the PPP. Food insecurity scores significantly decreased between pre- and post-enrollment in the PPP (P = .002). Compared with pre-enrollment, participants who completed the PPP reported an increase in the frequency of fruits and vegetables intake (χ2 = 12.6, P = .006). A majority of the participants (77%) reported setting and achieving at least one health-related goal by the end of the program. A strength of the PPP included the long-standing relationship with community partners. Weaknesses included the survey burden, the need for additional personnel, and the need for a sustained funding source. Integrating lifestyle counseling within a PPP can promote food security and a healthy diet. Future research is warranted using rigorous research methods, including randomization and a comparison group.
Mathematical modelling and covariational reasoning in college students: the case of modelling the cooling phenomenon with a function
Authors: Jiménez Fátima Reyna Sandoval , Sierra Gustavo Martínez 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This research aims to explore the relationships between the mathematical modelling process from a realistic perspective and the levels of covariational reasoning through an instrumental case study with three college students while modelling the phenomenon of cooling. To achieve such an aim, we have relied on a theoretical framework of mathematical modelling that describes the typical ways of solving modelling tasks step by step, and a framework that describes covariational reasoning by levels of sophistication. We designed an instructional module for the participants in two parts: the first part was about analyzing patterns of change in functions and the second part was about solving a modelling task, where they were asked to find a function that models the behaviour of cooling water based on their own measuring instruments of time and temperature variables, stopwatch and thermometer. The results show that the cooling of the water modelling task, together with the measurement tools and the instructional module part about patterns of change, favoured covariational reasoning at the highest levels and that the participants’ covariational reasoning was necessary for the modelling task.
Optimization of concentrations and exposure durations of commonly used positive controls in the in vitro alkaline comet assay
Authors: Tekneci Seda İpek , Üstündağ Aylin , Duydu Yalçın 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Endogenous and exogenous factors cause DNA damage through chemical changes in the genomic DNA structure. The comet assay is a versatile, rapid, and sensitive method for evaluating DNA integrity at the individual cell level. It is used in human biomonitoring studies, the identification of DNA lesions, and the measurement of DNA repair capacity. Despite its widespread application, variations between studies remain problematic, often due to the lack of a common protocol and appropriate test controls. Using positive controls is essential to assess inter-experimental variability and ensure reliable results. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is the most commonly used positive control, while potassium bromate (KBrO₃), methyl methanesulfonate (MMS), ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS), N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU), and etoposide are used less frequently. However, differences in concentrations and exposure durations prevent the confirmation of test method efficacy. This study investigates the dose–response relationship for H2O2, KBrO3, MMS, EMS, ENU and etoposide in the comet assay for 30 and 60-minute exposure durations in 3T3 cell lines. Accordingly recommended concentrations and exposure durations were found to be 50 μM 30 minutes (H2O2); 500 μM 60 min. (MMS); 10 μM 30 min. (Etoposide); 0.2 mM 30 min. and 2 mM 60 min. (EMS); 2 mM 30 min. (ENU); 500 μM 30 min. and 50 μM 60 min. (KBrO3). Our findings will contribute to reducing inter-laboratory variability by offering guidance on selecting doses and exposure durations for positive controls in the in vitro alkaline comet assay.
Cancer-associated fibroblasts affect breast cancer cell sensitivity to chemotherapeutic agents by regulating NRBP2
Authors: Jin Xiaoyan , Chen Yong , Wang Gui 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Objective
To uncover the role of nuclear receptor-binding protein 2 (NRBP2) in cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), and CAFmediated TAM sensitivity in breast cancer (BC).

Methods
10 pairs of matched tumor tissues and adjacent normal tissues were collected and CAFs and normal fibroblasts (NFs) were isolated. CCK-8 as well as colony formation assays showed the effects on cell growth. qPCR and Immunoblot showed the expression of NRBP2 in CAFs. FCM as well as Immunoblot assays exhibited the effects on cell apoptosis. Immunoblot further confirmed the mechanism.

Results
CAFs contributed to BC cell growth. In addition, the expression of NRBP2 is downregulated in CAFs. NRBP2 suppressed CAF-induced resistance in BC cells. Further, NRBP2 expression in CAF group increased TAM induced apoptosis. Mechanically, NRBP2 in CAFs inhibited Akt pathway, therefore suppressed resistance in BC cells.

Conclusion
CAFs affected BC cell sensitivity to TAM by regulating NRBP2.
SARM1 in the pathogenesis of immune-related disease
Authors: Ye Yihan , Song Fuyong 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
Sterile alpha and toll interleukin receptor motif-containing protein 1 (SARM1) are primarily expressed in the mammalian nervous system, with their presence in neurons being associated with mitochondrial aggregation. SARM1 functions as a mediator of cell death and morphological changes, while also regulating Waller degeneration in nerve fibers and influencing glial cell formation.

Purpose
Recent reports demonstrate SARM1 serves as a connector in the Toll-like receptor (TLR) pathway and plays a role in regulating inflammation during periods of stress such as infection, trauma, and hypoxia. These findings offer new insights into pathogenesis research and the prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases and pathogen infections.

Methods
This review synthesizes recent findings on the immune-related mechanisms of SARM1, emphasizing its roles in inflammation and its functional impact on the nervous system and other bodily systems.

Conclusions
Understanding the multifaceted roles of SARM1 in immune regulation and neuronal health provides novel insights into its involvement in disease pathogenesis. These insights hold promise for advancing research into the prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases and pathogen-induced conditions.