bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exercise Training Increases Metaboreflex Control in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Authors: GUERRA RENAN S. , GOYA THIAGO T. , SILVA ROSYVALDO F. , LIMA MARTA F. , BARBOSA ELINE R. F. , ALVES MARIA JANIEIRE DE N. N. , RODRIGUES AMANDA G. , LORENZI-FILHO GERALDO , NEGRÃO CARLOS EDUARDO , UENO-PARDI LINDA M. 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT

Introduction/Purpose
We demonstrated that patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) have reduced muscle metaboreflex control of muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA). In addition, exercise training increased muscle metaboreflex control in heart failure patients.

Objective
We tested the hypothesis that exercise training would increase muscle metaboreflex control of MSNA in patients with OSA.

Methods
Forty-one patients with OSA were randomized into the following two groups: 1) nontrained (OSANT, n = 21) and 2) trained (OSAT, n = 20). Muscle sympathetic nerve activity was assessed by microneurography technique, muscle blood flow (FBF) by venous occlusion plethysmography, heart rate by electrocardiography, and blood pressure with an automated oscillometric device. All physiological variables were simultaneously assessed at rest, during isometric handgrip exercise at 30% of the maximal voluntary contraction, and during posthandgrip muscle ischemia (PHMI). Muscle metaboreflex sensitivity was calculated as the difference in MSNA between PHMI and the rest period. Patients in the OSAT group underwent 72 sessions of moderate exercise training, whereas patients in the OSANT group were clinical follow-up for 6 months.

Results
The OSANT and OSAT groups were similar in anthropometric, neurovascular, hemodynamic and sleep parameters. Exercise training reduced the baseline MSNA (34 ± 2 bursts per minute vs 25 ± 2 bursts per minute; P < 0.05) and increased the baseline FBF (2.1 ± 0.2 mL·min−1 per 100 g vs 2.4 ± 0.2 mL·min−1 per 100 g; P < 0.05). Exercise training significantly reduced MSNA levels and increased FBF responses during isometric exercise. Exercise training significantly increased MSNA responses during PHMI (Δ6.5 ± 1 vs −1.7 ± 1 bursts per minute, P < 0.01). No significant changes in FBF or hemodynamic parameters in OSANT patients were found.

Conclusions
Exercise training increases muscle metaboreflex sensitivity in patients with OSA. This autonomic change associated with increased muscle blood flow may contribute to the increase in exercise performance in this set of patients.
Diagnostic reference levels and achievable doses for common computed tomography examinations: Results from the Japanese nationwide dose survey
Authors: Matsunaga Yuta , Chida Koichi , Kondo Yuya , Kobayashi Kenichi , Kobayashi Masanao , Minami Kazuyuki , Suzuki Shoichi , Asada Yasuki 
Published: October 2018

Objective: To propose a new set of Japanese diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) and achievable doses (ADs) for 2017 and to verify the usefulness of Japanese DRLs (DRLs 2015) for CT, by investigating changes in the volume CT dose index (CTDIvol) from 2014 to 2017. Methods: Detailed information on the CT scan parameters used throughout Japan were obtained by questionnaire survey. The CTDIvol and dose-length product for the 11 commonest adult and 6 commonest paediatric CT examinations were surveyed and compared with 2014 data and DRLs 2015. Results: Evaluations of adult head (helical), and abdomen and pelvis without contrast agent, paediatric chest without contrast agent, and abdomen and pelvis without contrast agent showed a slightly lower mean CTDIvol in 2017 than in 2014 (t-test, p < 0.05). The interquartile range of CTDIvol for all 2017 examinations was lower than in 2014. Conclusions: This study verified the lower mean, 75th percentile, and interquartile range by investigating changes in the CTDIvol from 2014 to 2017. The DRLs 2015 contributed to CT radiation dose reduction. Advances in knowledge: The widespread implementation of iterative reconstruction algorithms and low-tube voltage in CT scanners is likely to facilitate further reduction in the CT radiation dose used in Japan. Although radiological technologists may require further education on appropriate CTDIvol and DLP usage, the DRLs 2015 greatly contributed to the reduction of the CT radiation dose used in Japan.
Use of wet-to-moist cleansing with different irrigation solutions to reduce bacterial bioburden in chronic wounds
Authors: Assadian Ojan , Kammerlander Gerhard , Geyrhofer Claudia , Luch Gerlinde , Doppler Stefan , Tuchmann Felix , Eberlein Thomas , Leaper David 
Published: October 2018

Objective: The influence of different irrigation solutions, in conjunction with wet-to-moist cleansing, on the reduction of sessile, non-planktonic bacteria which colonise wounds, has not been investigated. In this study, the antibacterial effect of different irrigation solutions, during a 20-minute wet-to-moist cleansing, has been evaluated in chronic wounds. Methods: This study was designed as a prospective cohort study with 12 study arms and was conducted between June 2011 and April 2016. Patients with chronic wounds present for more than three months, irrespective of previous treatments, were recruited into this study. Quantitative wound swabs were obtained before and after a 20-minute, wet-to-moist cleansing, using different wound irrigation solutions. Sterile 0.9% saline served as a control. Results: We recruited 308 patients, of which 260 patients with 299 chronic wounds were eligible for analysis. Staphylococcus aureus was the most common recovered (25.5%) microorganism, of which 8% were meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains. Although 0.9% saline supported cleansing of the wound bed, it did not significantly reduce the bacterial burden. The highest reduction of bacterial burden was achieved with an aqueous solution containing betaine, zinc and polyhexamethylene biguanide (polihexanide; ln RF=3.72), followed by a 3% saline solution containing 0.2% sodium hypochlorite (ln RF=3.40). The most statistically significant reduction of bacterial burden, although not the highest, was achieved with povidone-iodine (ln RF=2.98; p=0.001) and an irrigation solution containing sea salt 1.2% and NaOCl 0.04% (ln RF=2.51; p=0.002). Conclusion: If a reduction of bacterial burden is warranted, wound irrigation solutions containing a combination of hypochlorite/hypochlorous acid, or antiseptics such as polihexanide, octenidine or povidone-iodine, ought to be considered.
Skin injury prevalence and incidence in China: a multicentre investigation
Authors: Feng Haixia , Wu Yanping , Su Chang , Li Guohong , Xu Cuirong , Ju Changping 
Published: October 2018

Objective: To quantify the prevalence and incidence of different skin injuries, pressure ulcers (PU), skin tears (ST) and incontinence-associated dermatitis (IAD) in China, and to identify their causes to aid prevention and control. Method: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted across nine tertiary hospitals. Registered nurses were trained on a standard approach to injury assessment and examination. The study was carried out at the same time on the same day across the participating centres. Participating patients were examined for PU, ST or IAD. Results: A total of 13,176 inpatients were assessed and 233 PU were identified, of which 126 occurred in hospitals, 99 cases at home and eight cases within community hospitals. In addition, there were 141 skin tears and 97 IADs. Conclusion: This study involved the largest number of hospitals, to date (in China). Therefore, the prevalence and rate of incidence of skin injury obtained in this study may represent a regional baseline in China.
Synthesis and Crystal Structure of Binuclear and Pentanuclear Nickel(II) Complexes Containing 4-(salicylaldiminato)antipyrine Schiff base
Authors: EL-Kaheli Mohamed N. , Abuhmaiera Ramadan G. , Treish Fathia A. , Ben Yunes Mufida M. , Elmehdawi Ramadan Mohamed , Guerri Annalisa , Caneschi Andrea , Bazzicalupi Carla 
Published: October 2018

The new title binuclear Ni (II) compound Â (1) and the novel pentanuclear Ni (II) cluster {[ Â } (2) are formed from the reaction of an asymmetric Schiff base ligand L (L = 4-(salicylaldiminato)antipyrine) with Ni .4 Â in the former or Ni(ClO4)2.6H2O in presence of malonate in the later. Â Complex (1) consists of ( ]+ cation) and one uncoordinated tetraphenylborate anion. Â The cation adopts a distorted octahedral arrangement around each metal center. Â In the binuclear unit both Ni(II) ions are linked through two phenolate (Âµ2-O) oxygen atoms of L, and two oxygen atoms of aÂ bridging carboxylate group. Each Ni (II) coordinates to four oxygen atoms at the basal plane, two oxygen atoms from two bridging phenolate groups, one from pyrazolone ring and the last of an aqua molecule, and at the axial positions to a bridging carboxylate-O atom and an azomethine nitrogen atom. Â In the pentanuclear cluster (2) consisting of [ ]+2 cation and two tetraphenylborate anions, the core of the cation is assembled by four [Ni( )] units, linked to the central Ni-ion by two bridging water molecules. The resulting coordination sphere for the external symmetry related nickel ions is a pseudo octahedron. Â The central Ni-atom unusually adopts dodecahedron geometry through its coordination to eight bridging water molecules. In complex (1) each Ni-atom is coordinated to one tridentate L ligand and in complex (2) each [Ni ( )] unit is coordinated to two bidentate L ligands. Â Inter-and intramolecular hydrogen bonds are present in both crystal structures.
Prevention of Cell Growth by Suppression of Villin Expression in Lithocholic Acid-Stimulated HepG2 Cells
Authors: Ozeki Munetaka , Aini Wulamujiang , Miyagawa-Hayashino Aya , Tamaki Keiji 
Published: October 2018

Summary Cholestasis is a condition wherein bile flow is interrupted and lithocholic acid is known to play a key role in causing severe liver injury. In this study, we performed in-depth analysis of the morphological changes in bile canaliculi and the biological role of villin in cholestasis using lithocholic acid-stimulated HepG2 human hepatocarcinoma cells. We confirmed disruption of the bile canaliculi in liver sections from a liver allograft patient with cholestasis. Lithocholic acid caused strong cytotoxicity in HepG2 cells, which was associated with abnormal morphology. Lithocholic acid reduced villin expression, which recovered in the presence of nuclear receptor agonists. Furthermore, villin mRNA expression increased following small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated knockdown of the nuclear farnesoid X receptor and pregnane X receptor. Villin knockdown using siRNA caused cell growth arrest in HepG2 cells. The effect of villin-knockdown on whole-genome expression in HepG2 cells was analyzed by DNA microarray. Our data suggest that lithocholic acid caused cell growth arrest by suppressing villin expression via farnesoid X receptor and pregnane X receptor in HepG2 cells.
High-Risk Cardiovascular Conditions in Sports-Related Sudden Death: Prevalence in 5,169 Schoolchildren Screened via Cardiac Magnetic Resonance
Authors: Angelini Paolo , Cheong Benjamin Y. , Lenge De Rosen Veronica V. , Lopez Alberto , Uribe Carlo , Masso Anthony H. , Ali Syed W. , Davis Barry R. , Muthupillai Raja , Willerson James T. 
Published: October 2018

Improving preparticipation screening of candidates for sports necessitates establishing the prevalence of high-risk cardiovascular conditions (hr-CVC) that predispose young people to sudden cardiac death (SCD). Our accurate, novel protocol chiefly involved the use of cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) to estimate this prevalence.
Middle and high school students from a general United States population were screened by means of questionnaires, resting electrocardiograms, and CMR to determine the prevalence of 3 types of hr-CVC: electrocardiographic abnormalities, cardiomyopathies, and anomalous coronary artery origin from the opposite sinus with intramural coronary course (ACAOS-IM). We examined the range of normal left ventricular size and function in the main study cohort (schoolchildren 11–14 yr old). We defined diagnostic criteria for hr-CVC and compared the cardiac measurements of these younger participants with those of older children whom we examined (age, 15–18 yr).
From 5,169 completed diagnostic studies (mean participant age, 13.06 ± 1.78 yr), CMR results revealed 76 previously undiagnosed cases of hr-CVC (1.47% of the total cohort): 11 of dilated cardiomyopathy (14.5%), 3 of nonobstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (3.9%), 23 ACAOS-IM cases (30.3%; 6 left-ACAOS and 17 right-ACAOS), 4 Wolff-Parkinson-White patterns (5.3%), 34 prolonged QT intervals (44.7%), and 1 Brugada pattern (1.3%). Cardiomyopathies were significantly more prevalent in the older children. Of note, we identified 959 cases (18.5%) of left ventricular noncompaction.
If our estimate is accurate, only 1.47% of school-age sports participants will need focused secondary evaluations; the rest can probably be reassured about their cardiac health after one 30-minute screening study.
Examining coaches workaholic level according to some variables<p>Antrenörlerde işkoliklik düzeylerinin bazı değişkenlere göre incelenmesi
Authors: Uğurlu Aylin , Şahin Mustafa Yaşar 
Published: October 2018

This research was conducted to determine the coaches workaholic level, the comparison of demographic variables. In this context, Dutch Work Addiction Scale (Duwas), developed by Schaufeli, Taris and Bakker (2006) and adapted to Turkish by Doğan and Tel (2011), was used as a data collection tool in the descriptive survey model. The sample of the research consists of 394 volunteer participants determined by the random method. Frequency, percentage distributions, t-test for binary groups, OneWay-ANOVA for multiple groups were used as statistical methods in the evaluation of research data. In conclusion, it was found that the levels of worker coaches were high and the compulsive working sub-dimension was significant. When the findings obtained from the research were evaluated in terms of demographic variables, it was determined that those who had problems in the family were significantly higher in the level of conflict of work and family life.Extended English summary is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file.ÖzetBu araştırma, antrenörlerin işkoliklik düzeylerinin tespiti ve demografik değişkenler açısından karşılaştırılması amacıyla yapılmıştır. Bu çerçeveden hareketle betimsel tarama modelinde olan araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak Schaufeli, Taris ve Bakker (2006) tarafından geliştirilen, Doğan ve Tel (2011) tarafından Türkçeye uyarlaması gerçekleştirilen Duwas İşkoliklik Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemini rastgele örneklem metoduyla belirlenen 394 gönüllü katılımcı oluşturmaktadır. Araştırma verilerinin değerlendirilmesinde istatistikî yöntem olarak frekans, yüzde dağılımları, İkili gruplar için t-testi, çoklu gruplar için tek yönlü varyans analizleri kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda; antrenörlerin işkoliklik düzeylerinin yüksek ve işkoliklik ölçeğine ait kompulsif çalışma alt boyutun belirgin olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Araştırmadan elde edilen bulgular demografik değişkenler açısından değerlendirildiğinde ailesinde sorun yaşayanların işkoliklik düzeylerinin anlamlı derecede yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Sustaining Cooperation Through Strategic Self-Interested Actions
Authors: Lancia Francesco , Russo Alessia 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
This paper studies how organizations seek to promote cooperation between their members when individual contributions to an organization’s output are imperfectly observable. It considers an overlapping-generations game in which members with conflicting interests expend effort in pursuing activities outside the organization, in addition to the effort they devote to increasing the organization’s output. We show that cooperation is easier to enforce when organizations link rewards and punishments to effort in outside activities. In the best public perfect equilibrium, effort in outside activities is distorted in order to signal a member’s willingness to cooperate inside the organization.
Recognition of 2-dimensional projective linear groups by the group order and the set of numbers of its elements of each order
Authors: Khalili Asboei Alireza 
Published: October 2018

AbstractIn a finite group G, let {\pi_{e}(G)} be the set of orders of elements of G, let {s_{k}} denote the number of elements of order k in G, for each {k\in\pi_{e}(G)}, and then let {\operatorname{nse}(G)} be the unordered set {\{s_{k}:k\in\pi_{e}(G)\}}.
In this paper, it is shown that if {\lvert G\rvert=\lvert L_{2}(q)\rvert} and {\operatorname{nse}(G)=\operatorname{nse}(L_{2}(q))} for some prime-power q, then G is isomorphic to {L_{2}(q)}.
QCL-based frequency metrology from the mid-infrared to the THz range: a review
Authors: Consolino Luigi , Cappelli Francesco , de Cumis Mario Siciliani , De Natale Paolo 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) are becoming a key tool for plenty of applications, from the mid-infrared (mid-IR) to the THz range. Progress in related areas, such as the development of ultra-low-loss crystalline microresonators, optical frequency standards, and optical fiber networks for time and frequency dissemination, is paving the way for unprecedented applications in many fields. For most demanding applications, a thorough control of QCLs emission must be achieved. In the last few years, QCLs’ unique spectral features have been unveiled, while multifrequency QCLs have been demonstrated. Ultra-narrow frequency linewidths are necessary for metrological applications, ranging from cold molecules interaction and ultra-high sensitivity spectroscopy to infrared/THz metrology. A review of the present status of research in this field is presented, with a view of perspectives and future applications.
Epsilon-near-zero medium for optical switches in a monolithic waveguide chip at 1.9 μm
Authors: Jiang Xiantao , Lu Huiling , Li Qian , Zhou Hang , Zhang Shengdong , Zhang Han 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
A saturable absorber is a building block for integrated ultrafast photonics and passive optical circuits. However, options currently available suffer from the bottlenecks of the necessity for fine control of the material preparation, large optical losses, and compatibility. This paper presents a complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS)-compatible alternative based on an epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) medium, in which the real part of the dielectric constant vanishes. Excellent nonlinear optical modulations, including low linear optical losses, low bleaching threshold, moderate optical amplitude modulation, and high modulation speed of indium tin oxide (ITO) in its ENZ region are achieved. The use of ITO as an intracavity saturable absorber for optical switches of integrated waveguide chip lasers at 1.9 μm has been realized. A stable mode-locked waveguide laser with a repetition rate of 6.4 GHz and an average output power of 28.6 mW is achieved via carefully adjusting the intracavity three-surface interferometer (TSI). This work may pave the way for integrated photonics and electro-optics using a CMOS-compatible ENZ medium.
The crystal structure of 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole, C8H5FN2O
Authors: Zhou Zhixu , Long Dan , Wu Qing-Mei , Yu De-Hou , Lu Hong-Guang 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
C8H5N2O, monoclinic, P21 (no. 4) a = 7.892(8) Å, b = 6.088(6) Å, c = 15.701(16) Å, β = 90.08(3)°, V = 754.4(13) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0423, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1032, T = 273 K.
Una parola ritrovata: l’oliueta di Catone
Authors: Russo Alessandro 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
The present paper proposes to establish (§ 1) the data that can be drawn securely from a controversial testimonium on an oration of Cato (Cato, orat. 99 Sblend.) contained in a late antique panegyric (Pan. Lat. 8 (5).13.3), and to illustrate (§ 2) some of its textual and exegetical problems. Further, in the light of a hitherto overlooked comparison with a gloss of Festus, proposals are made: (§ 3) for a new constitutio and interpretation of the text of the panegyric; and (§ 4) for the identification of a textual citation (which will emerge also as a new fragment) from the orations of Cato the Censor, and the identification with Cato of the anonymous antiqui to whom Festus attributes the use (until now not attested elsewhere) of the rare substantive oliueta in feminine singular with the sense of ‘gathering of olives’. Finally (§ 5) some considerations are offered on the possible sources used by Festus (hypothesising as intermediary the De obscuris Catonis of Verrius, which could in turn have drawn its note on the oliueta from the very passage of Cato attested by the panegyric) and by the panegyrist (for whom a direct knowledge of the speech of Cato is proposed).
Intermolecular hydrogen bonding H···Cl in crystal structure of palladium(II)-bis(diaminocarbene) complex
Authors: Kinzhalov Mikhail A. , Baykov Sergey V. , Novikov Alexander S. , Haukka Matti , Boyarskiy Vadim P. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
The reaction of bis(isocyanide)palladium complex cis-[PdCl2(CNXyl)2] (Xyl=2,6-Me2C6H3) with excess of 4,5-dichlorobenzene-1,2-amine in a C2H4Cl2/MeOH mixture affords monocationic bis(diaminocarbene) complex cis-[PdClC{(NHXyl)=NHC6H2Cl2
NH2}{C(NHXyl)=NHC6H2Cl2NH2}]Cl (3) in moderate yield (42%). Complex 3 exists in the solid phase in the H-bonded dimeric associate of two single charged organometallic cations and two chloride anions according to X-ray diffraction data. The Hirshfeld surface analysis for the X-ray structure of 3 reveals that the crystal packing is determined primarily by intermolecular contacts H–Cl, H–H, and H–C. The intermolecular hydrogen bonds N–H···Cl and C–H···Cl in the H-bonded dimeric associate of 3 were studied by DFT calculations and topological analysis of the electron density distribution within the framework of QTAIM method, and estimated energies of these supramolecular contacts vary from 1.6 to 9.1 kcal/mol. Such non-covalent bonding means that complex 3 is an anionic receptor for the chloride anions.
Steric control of supramolecular association in structures of Zn(S2COR)2withN,N′-bis(pyridin-4-ylmethyl)oxalamide
Authors: Tan Yee Seng , Chun Hao Zhe , Jotani Mukesh M. , Tiekink Edward R.T. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe crystal and molecular structures of the one-dimensional coordination polymer [Zn(S2COEt)2(4LH2)]n(1) and binuclear [Zn(S2COCy)2]2(4LH2) (2) are described, where4LH2is N,N′-bis(pyridin-4-ylmethyl)ethanediamide. In1, the Zn(S2COEt)2entities are linked by bidentate bridging4LH2ligands through the pyridyl-N atoms to generate a twisted supramolecular chain. As a result of monodentate xanthate ligands, the N2S4donor set defines a distorted tetrahedral coordination geometry and, crucially, allows the participation of the non-coordinating sulfur atoms in supramolecular association. Thus, in the crystal amide-N–H···O(amide) and amide-N–H···S(thione) hydrogen bonds link chains into a three-dimensional architecture. The substitution of the ethyl group in the xanthate ligand with a cyclohexyl group results in very different structural outcomes. In2, a binuclear molecule is observed with the coordination geometry for zinc being defined by chelating xanthate ligands and a pyridyl-N atom with the NS4donor set defining a highly distorted geometry. In the molecular packing, amide-N–H···S(thione) hydrogen bonds stabilise a supramolecular chain along the a-axis and these are connected into a three-dimensional arrangement by methylene-C–H···O and methylene-C–H···π(pyridyl) interactions. The relative importance of the specified intermolecular interactions and weaker, contributing contacts has been revealed by an analysis of the calculated Hirshfeld surfaces of1and2.