bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Classification of Non-Seismic Tsunami Early Warning Level Using Decision Tree Algorithm
Authors: Juanara Elmo , Lam Chi Yung 
Published: October 2024

Background: Tsunami caused by volcanic collapse are categorized as non-seismic uncommon events, unlike tsunamis caused by earthquakes, which are common events. The traditional tsunami early warning based on the seismic sensor (e.g. earthquake detectors) may not be applicable to volcanic tsunamis because they do not generate seismic waves. Consequently, these tsunamis cannot be detected in advance, and warnings cannot be issued. New methods should be explored to address these non-seismic tsunamis caused by volcanic collapse.
Objective: This study explored the potential of machine learning algorithms in supporting early warning level issuing for non-seismic tsunamis, specifically volcanic tsunamis. The Anak Krakatau volcano event in Indonesia was used as a case study.
Methods: This study generated a database of 160 collapse scenarios using numerical simulation as input sequences. A classification model was constructed by defining the worst tsunami elevation and its arrival time at the coast. The database was supervised by labeling the warning levels as targets. Subsequently, a decision tree algorithm was employed to classify the warning levels.
Results: The results demonstrated that the classification model performs very well for the Major Tsunami, Minor Tsunami, and Tsunami classes, achieving high precision, recall, and F1-Score with very high accuracy of 98%. However, the macro average indicates uneven performance across classes, as there are instances of ‘No Warning’ in some coastal gauges.
Conclusion: To improve the model performance in the ‘No Warning’ class, it is necessary to balance the dataset by including more ‘No Warning’ scenarios, which can be achieved by simulating additional scenarios involving very small-volume collapse. Additionally, exploring additional collapse parameters such as dip angle and outlier volume could contribute to developing a more robust classification model.

Keywords: Machine Learning, Classification, Volcanic Tsunamis, Early Warning, Decision Tree
EFEITOS DAS MUDANÇAS DO CLIMA NO ZONEAMENTO AGROCLIMÁTICO DO Eucalyptus urophylla na REGIÃO DO MATOPIBA, CONSIDERANDO OS MODELOS Eta-MIROC5 e Eta-HadGeM2-ES
Authors: Barbosa Sellos Lopes Rodrigo , De Moura Andrade André , Collicchio Erich 
Published: October 2024

A demanda por energias renováveis, incluindo a biomassa florestal, cujos cultivos são dependentes do clima, portanto, torna-se importante a elaboração do zoneamento agroclimático do eucalipto, na região do Matopiba. Este estudo objetivou elaborar o zoneamento agroclimático do Eucalyptus urophylla para o Matopiba, considerando os possíveis efeitos da mudança do clima. Utilizou-se o banco de dados meteorológicos para calcular o balanço hídrico considerando duas CADs, e associando-se às classes de aptidão da espécie e usando-se os resultados dos modelos regionais, Eta-HadGEM2-ES e Eta-MIROC5, e cenários
RCP 4.5 e 8.5 (2041 e 2070). Foram gerados os zoneamentos agroclimáticos para o clima atual e de mudanças do clima. Considerando o clima atual, observou-se que as classes de aptidão ‘apta’ e ‘marginal’, ocorrem em 15% e 33% da região respectivamente, e situadas nas partes sul e centro-oeste. Os resultados dos modelos e cenários, não apresentaram áreas ‘aptas’, e as áreas com classe ‘marginal’ foram insignificantes. Notou-se um aumento significativo das áreas ‘restritas’ e ‘inaptas’, que juntas variam de 95,5% a 100% da área total. Considerando as tecnologias adotadas atualmente e confirmando-se essas projeções, a produção do E. urophylla, poderia ser inviabilizada nesta região.
Single-cell and spatial transcriptomics uncovers the role of senescent vascular cells in pathological arterial remodeling during murine atherosclerosis
Authors: Gorospe Myriam 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Studying cardiovascular senescence is crucial for understanding disease-related changes in the cardiovascular system and their impact on health and disease. To systematically investigate the heterogeneity of senescent vascular cells in atherosclerosis, we employed the senescence reporter mouse p16tdTomato+/-, overexpressed PCSK9 and fed a high-fat diet (HFD) to induce atherosclerosis, and treated them with the senolytic drug ABT-737. Whole-aorta, single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) using the SenMayo panel uncovered 10 cell clusters displaying senescent features, although not ‘classical’ senescence markers, that were reduced by treatment with ABT-737. Unbiased subclustering revealed subsets of cells increasing by HFD and reduced by ABT-737 treatment that expressed unique transcripts Spp1, Ctsb, and Tnfrsf11b mRNAs. Spatial analysis of these RNAs identified senescent cells in the cap and core of brachiocephalic arteries from atherosclerotic mice. Our results uncover a vascular-specific transcriptomic signature that may be exploited for therapeutic targeting in age-related vascular diseases.
Improved PICEA-g-based Multi-Objective Optimization Scheduling Method for Distribution Grid with Large-Scale Electric Vehicles
Authors: Huo Meiyi , Pang Songling , Zhao Hailong 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Aiming at the problem that large-scale electric vehicles(EVs) access to the distribution network charging will affect the safety and reliability of the power grid, this paper proposes an optimal scheduling method for large-scale access of EVs to the distribution network based on the improved Preference-inspired Coevolutionary Algorithm. First, a large-scale response scheduling model is developed based on EVs as flexible loads. Then, a multi-objective optimization model is established by considering five factors: grid load fluctuation, user cost, environmental governance, user flexible travel time, and charge state. Finally, a multi-scenario comparative analysis is performed with the help of an improved preference-inspired co-evolutionary algorithm, an optimization algorithm. It is verified that the scheduling method can realize the effective management of loads in the region, reduce the management cost of microgrids and the cost of environmental pollution control, and improve the users' flexible travel time and SOC.
Ecological safety of insecticide based on entomopathogenic virus DsCPV-1: effects on nontarget invertebrates
Authors: Belevitch Olga , Yurchenko Yuri , Kharlamova Daria , Shatalova Elena , Agrikolyanskaya Natalia , Subbotina Anna , Ignatieva Anastasia , Tokarev Yuri , Martemyanov Vyacheslav 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

For the first time under laboratory conditions, the virulence of a unique cypovirus strain, DsCPV-1, which has broad host specificity, was tested on nontarget aquatic organisms (natural species: Gammarus lacustris, Anopheles messeae, Coenagrion lunulatum, Cloeon robusta, Chironomus sp., Ilyocoris cimicoides, and Plea minutissima; laboratory species: Aedes aegypti and Daphnia magna), a terrestrial pollinator species (Apis mellifera), and an entomophage (Podisus maculiventris). The probability of this virus’s accumulation in the bodies of invertebrates and of its transmission along a trophic chain was evaluated by two approaches: bioassays and a molecular diagnostic analysis. In the bioassays, there was no significant increase in mortality among all the tested aquatic and terrestrial nontarget species exposed to DsCPV-1 as compared with control groups (no virus). When we fed Podisus maculiventris with caterpillars having active DsCPV-1 infection (i.e., with the virus replicating in the host) no viral replication was observed in bug. No replication was also observed in mosquitos as well as in bee after viral treatment. Thus, the results show that the DsCPV-1 virus has excellent environmental safety toward many invertebrate species and can be recommended for the control of lepidopteran pests in forestry and agriculture as insecticide with light effect on environment.
Genetically engineered biomimetic ATP-responsive nanozyme for the treatment of cardiac fibrosis
Authors: Zhao Xueli , Qin Yuze , Li Bowen , Wang Yue , Liu Jiao , Wang Bo , Zhao Jia , Yin Jiaqi , Zhang Lanlan , Li Jing , Huang Junzhe , Chen Kun , Liu Liwen , Wu Yuanming 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background Cardiac fibrosis plays a critical role in the progression of various forms of heart disease, significantly increasing the risk of sudden cardiac death. However, there are presently no therapeutic strategies available to prevent the onset of cardiac fibrosis. Methods and Results Here, biomimetic ATP-responsive nanozymes based on genetically engineered cell membranes are adapted to specifically recognize activated cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) for the treatment of cardiac fibrosis. By fusing the anti FAP-Car genetically engineered cell membrane to zeolitic imidazole frameworks-90 (zif-90) cores loaded with antioxidant nanozymes CeO2 and siCTGF, these nanoparticles, called FM@zif-90/Ce/siR NPs, are demonstrated to effectively reduce the accumulation of myofibroblasts and the formation of fibrotic tissue, while restoring cardiac function. Conclusions These findings demonstrate that the combination of CeO2 and siCTGF has a beneficial curative effect on cardiac fibrosis, with significant translational potential.
Modeling and the use of surrogate endpoints: Is this a valid approach?
Authors: Ladabaum Uri , Duuren Luuk A. van , Half Elizabeth E. , Levi Zohar , Silverman Barbara , Lansdorp-Vogelaar Iris 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Development of novel colorectal cancer (CRC) screening tests is a dynamic field. Decision analytic modeling based on inputs derived from rigorous prospective studies informs CRC screening guidelines. Exploratory modeling may have a place in early phases of test development. We explored whether 1) surrogate endpoints for long-term, programmatic effectiveness and cost-effectiveness could be potentially informative in early stages of test development, and 2) whether rapid exploratory modeling with a web-based tool would be feasible. First, based on comparisons with published estimates for reductions in CRC mortality with various screening tests in four established decision analytic models of CRC screening, the surrogate endpoint of the number needed to colonoscope to detect one CRC or advanced precancerous lesion (APL) in round 1 of screening appears to hold promise as a measure of clinical effectiveness. Similarly, based on comparisons with published estimates for cost/quality-adjusted life-year gained with screening in the four models, the surrogate endpoint of cost to detect one CRC or APL in round 1 of screening appears to hold promise as a measure of cost-effectiveness. Second, exploration of the impact of lowering the screening initiation age in Israel from age 50 to 45 with the web-based EU-TOPIA tool, compared with the results of a recently published comprehensive modeling study, suggests that exploratory modeling of programmatic screening may be feasible with relatively low time demand vs. that required for typical full-length modeling publications. Further validation will be needed before surrogate endpoints or rapid modeling are incorporated into the novel test development process.
Reconsidering Autonomy: Asian Americans’ Use of Relational Autonomy in Organ Donation Decisions
Authors: Alolod Gerard P. , Litsas Diana C. , Siminoff Laura A. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
As cultural contexts have gained increasing relevance in medical decision-making, the current mainstream definition of autonomy is insufficient. A viable alternative framework, relational autonomy posits that agents’ actions are influenced by and embedded in society and culture rather than occurring in isolation. To test the concept’s applicability, we examine whether Asian Americans in the study’s sample operationalize relational autonomy as a decisional approach in hypothetical scenarios about organ donation, a practice for which there is considerably lower enthusiasm compared to other racial groups in the US.
Methods
A national sample of Asian American adults were recruited from Qualtrics research panel. Participants completed a Think-Aloud interview containing scenarios in which they decide whether or not to: 1) become a registered donor at the motor vehicle department; 2) authorize organ donation for a close relative who unexpectedly died. The interview first elicited candid reactions to the scenarios, followed by probing participants’ rationale of their initial responses. Participants’ final decision to each scenario (whether or not to register; whether or not consent to surrogate authorization), as well as participants’ decisional approaches (individualistic vs relational) were coded using the constant comparison method.
Results
The sample (n = 40) mirrored the largest proportions of Asian Americans in the US; the plurality identified as Chinese (35%), Filipino (27.5%) and Indian (25%). In response to the organ donor registration prompt, a majority of respondents (57.5%) expressed they would employ the mainstream decisional approach of individualistic autonomy, and 42.5% would make the decision with a relational approach. In contrast, when responding to the surrogate authorization prompt, the majority (77.5%) described a relational approach when making the decision, to preserve familial harmony and honor their cultural heritage.
Conclusions
Use of individualistic and relational autonomy frameworks are situational for some individuals. Participants acknowledged the impact of personal, cultural, and societal elements on their decisional approach. The concept of relational autonomy has utility through its versatility in complex decision-making events and by accounting for multiple stakeholders without privileging the autonomy of a single decision-maker over others.
Clinical trial number:
not applicable
Physicochemical Characteristics and Inhibition Effect of Curcumin Based Schiff Bases on Industrially Important Mild Steel Corrosion in Acidic Medium
Authors: N Ashwini , R Dileep , S Ranganatha 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

The Curcumin-based Schiff bases p-Nitro[(Curcumin)]-aniline (PNCA), p-Bromo[(Curcumin)]-aniline (PBCA) have been synthesised and evaluated in 1M HCl for the effectiveness of its corrosion prevention on industrially important mild steel (MS). Gravimetric measurements along with electrochemical investigations such as potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) show the inhibition performance the synthesised molecules on mild steel. Obeying Langmuir adsorption isotherm, these molecules inhibit corrosion with mixed type of mechanism. When the concentration of the inhibitor rises, so does the molecules (PNCA, PBCA) protection ability, which falls as the temperature rises. PNCA and PBCA molecules exhibit corrosion inhibition efficiency of 96.7% and 99% respectively, as obtained from gravimetric experiments at 50 µM concentration proving their superior character. Quantum chemical studies were performed and the parameters thus obtained were used to determine the correlation between (PNCA), (PBCA), molecular structure, and inhibition effect.
Assessing the Impact of Drought and Upstream Dam Construction on Agriculture in Arid and Semi-Arid Regions: A Case Study of the Middle Draa Valley, Morocco
Authors: Meskour Ali , Ahattab Jihane , Aachib Mostafa , Hasnaoui Moulay Driss 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

This study assesses the impact of drought and upstream dam construction on agriculture in arid and semi-arid regions with the Middle Draa Valley (MDV) case study in Morocco. This Valley, nestled in the arid landscapes of Morocco, has a rich tapestry of history, culture, and natural beauty. However, its oases are facing a water shortage crisis due to the effects of climate change and human pressure on water resources for irrigation. We analyzed the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) and the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) to monitor vegetation dynamics in this valley. The SPEI shows a declining trend, indicating increasing water scarcity, which has led to the overexploitation of groundwater and significant vegetation degradation. The NDVI remained relatively stable until 2015 but has since declined, signaling ecosystem deterioration. The correlation between SPEI and NDVI in the oases suggests that vegetation depends not only on precipitation and evapotranspiration but also on other factors such as insufficient releases from upstream dams and the use of groundwater for irrigation. This is confirmed by analyses of the correlation between dam releases and NDVI, as well as data on groundwater table levels. This situation poses an urgent warning for decision-makers to consider which water management measures and agricultural practices to adopt. The most practical solution to avoid further degradation of the oases in the short term is to conserve the remaining groundwater resources exclusively for irrigation date palms and to develop strict long-term water policies.
Characterization of the resistome and of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in top soil improvers and irrigation waters devoted to food production: a case-study from Italy
Authors: Gigliucci Federica , Barbieri Giorgia , Veyrunes Marie , Chiani Paola , Marra Manuela , Carollo Maria , Knijn Arnold , Brambilla Gianfranco , Morabito Stefano 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Biosolids and reclaimed waters are seen as precious resources to reintroduce organic matter into soils used for agriculture and to reduce the water footprint of intensive agricultural food system. While the circular economy is a virtuous exercise, it cannot be excluded that the adoption of such a practice can introduce vulnerabilities in the food chain, by exposing crops to zoonotic agents and antimicrobial resistance determinants. This option is far from being a speculation and evidence start to accumulate indicating that the risk is tangible. In this work we add further evidence that the circular economy practices of reusing biomass and reclaimed waters in agricultural setting may be vectors for the spreading of antimicrobial resistance genes targeting molecules used to treat human bacterial infections and demonstrate that such genes, identified through metagenomics screening of these samples, are present into live bacterial organisms, harbouring multi drug resistance genes clusters. Moreover, we observed that most of the antibiotic-resistant bacteria identified belonged to species with an environmental diffusion, which were not supposed to be exposed to the antimicrobials, suggesting that inter-specie transfer occurred.
Gestational diabetes mellitus complicated by preeclampsia in the Czech Republic: A case case study
Authors: Bartáková Vendula , Chalásová Katarína , Pácal Lukáš , Ťápalová Veronika , Janků Petr , Kaňková Kateřina 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and preeclampsia (PE) are serious complications of pregnancy. In a proportion of women, they coexist; however, it is not entirely clear whether they share common pathophysiological mechanisms. The reported incidence of PE in the Czech Republic is about 4–6% and its overlap with GDM has not been studied yet. The aim of the study was (i) to determine the prevalence of PE in healthy pregnant women and GDM patients, (ii) to determine the prevalence of PE in a group of patients with GDM with persisting glucose intolerance (PGI) postpartum and (iii) to determine whether GDM patients with PE have a higher risk of obstetric complications than other subgroups.
Methods
The study included 861 women enrolled in the period 2013–2019 (409 healthy women and 452 women with GDM) with data about delivery available in 74.8% (n = 644). GDM was diagnosed according to IADPSG criteria, PE according to ISSHP criteria. Following peripartal parameters were evaluated: the necessity of induction, the length of labour (protracted birth), the use of the instruments during delivery (section, pliers, vacuum extractor), Apgar Score (pathology), the weight of the child (macrosomia). Patients with GDM were monitored at the Diabetology Centre of the University Hospital Brno until birth. Postpartum, 48.5% (n = 219) of GDM patients underwent repeated oGTT up to 1 year after delivery, of which 11.4% (n = 25) were confirmed as PGI (according to WHO criteria).
Results
PE was diagnosed in 4.6% (n = 19) controls and 10.4% (n = 47) GDM patients (P 0.022, Chi square test. Occurrence of PE was 20% in PGI group. The presence of PE also affected the course of birth - patients with PE more often have a (planned) Caesarean delivery and childbirth was more often prematured.
Conclusion
The incidence of PE in GDM patients was statistically significantly higher (approx. doubled) than in the control group (p = 0.022 Chi square) and PE negatively affected the course of birth. In patients with PGI after delivery, the occurrence of PE was very high and PE can be considered an independent risk factor for PGI.
Open-source shape optimization for isogeometric shells using FEniCS and OpenMDAO
Authors: Zhao Han , Hwang John T. , Chen J. S. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

We present an open-source Python framework for the shape optimization of complex shell structures using isogeometric analysis (IGA). IGA seamlessly integrates computer-aided design (CAD) and analysis models by employing non-uniform rational B-splines (NURBS) as basis functions, enabling the natural implementation of the Kirchhoff–Love shell model due to their higher order of continuity. We leverage the recently developed FEniCS-based analysis framework , PENGoLINS, for the direct structural analysis of shell structures consisting of a collection of NURBS patches through a penalty-based formulation. This contribution introduces the open-source implementation of gradient-based shape optimization for isogeometric Kirchhoff–Love shells with a modular architecture. Complex shell structures with non-matching intersections are handled using a free-form deformation (FFD) approach and a moving intersections formulation. The symbolic differentiation and code generation capabilities in FEniCS are utilized to compute the analytical derivatives. By integrating FEniCS with OpenMDAO, we build modular components that facilitate gradient-based shape optimization of shell structures. The modular architecture in this work supports future extensions and integration with other disciplines and solvers, making it highly customizable and suitable for a wide range of applications. We validate the design-analysis-optimization workflow through several benchmark problems and demonstrate its application to aircraft wing design optimization. The framework is implemented in a Python library named GOLDFISH (Gradient-based Optimization and Large-scale Design Framework for Isogeometric SHells) and the source code will be maintained at https://github.com/hanzhao2020/GOLDFISH.