bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Establishing Guidance for Contractor Fitness for Duty
Authors: Irikannu Ugochi 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
The Contractor Fitness for Duty Guidance establishes a standardized approach to ensuring that contractors are fit to perform their duties while working with Chevron. It communicates FFD expectations to contractor companies. In scope of the Contractor FFD Guidance are: all contractors (staff augmentation and CHESM) in safety sensitive positions; contractors that will perform medium to high risk profile activities within Chevron’s Operational Excellence Data and Reporting Standard (OEDRS) function: for 30 consecutive days or more at a non-remote location or offshore or remote locations regardless of time; and contractor expatriates going to offshore or remote locations regardless of safety sensitive or risk profile level. A gap assessment was conducted to determine business needs and to help establish the objectives and scope of the FFD guidance. An international and multidisciplinary core team comprised of Medical and HES SMEs was formed to develop company guidelines. Extensive stakeholder engagement and vetting was conducted to ensure that adequate input was obtained. The Contractor FFD Guidance establishes:▪Contractor company minimum FFD program recommendation▪Recommendation for use of reliable medical resources and facilities▪Recommendation to maintain records in compliance with data privacy regulations▪FFD program audit recommendations▪Pre-placement, for-cause, Transfer, and return to work exams▪Minimum physical exam components▪Drug and Alcohol monitoring program
Offshore/Remote location considerations and medical clearance process were also addressed. Ongoing robust communication is required to ensure that guidance is communicated internally within the company to internal stakeholders and externally to contractor companies.
Digital Transformation: Social Impact Assessment and Management
Authors: Brusset Emery , Grunenberg Kristina 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Presentation of a project combining Monitoring and Evaluation with Digitalisation to SPE.
New investments in conflict or fragile settings require impact evaluation methods that are particularly apt at understanding the context. Digital technologies, when combined with good design, create new opportunities.
Assessing and managing impact is about making the link between very local actions and broader change. Our goal is to track and communicate the implication of project impact goals, in real time, through digital technologies. We see the growth of digital technologies and infrastructures of communication as an opportunity to produce and communicate socially useful information, and to ensure stakeholder participation in new ways.
Barrier Analysis & Strengthening to Eliminate Road Traffic Accidents in Oil Fields
Authors: Tayab Muhammad R , Villapil Suhail , Kashwani Ghanim 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Road safety continues to be one of the great challenges facing upstream/downstream oil & gas companies. Since 2001, ADNOC Onshore has consistently improved its road safety performance and achieved its best performance in 2008 by recording Vehicle Accident Frequency (VAF) of 0.11. However, due to increased number of vehicles, induction of new drivers and increasing journey distances, the road safety performance has become a challenge to both ADNOC Onshore and its contractors. Drilling operations are risky activities due to its nature and driving, as one of the support services, is one of the riskiest activities
In 2014, various initiatives were adopted, following an increased number of road traffic accidents (RTAs), to enhance road safety performance for drilling function through a barrier analysis approach. This approach included: Identification of key barriersAssessing strength of barriersAssessing effectiveness of barriers after strengthening
One of the major risks in Oil & Gas Operations is injuries from Road Traffic Accidents. Drilling locations are situated in remote locations with access through Blacktop, sand and Gatch Roads driving over 25 Million kilometers (65 trips to moon) annually using both light and heavy vehicles to run 24 hour operations. Since 2014, key efforts (monitoring, assurance & governance) exerted to strengthening of barriers to prevent road traffic accidents, which initiated a behavioural change among drivers and resulted on a sharp decline in Vehicle Accident Frequency (VAF) from 0.35 in 2014 to 0.1 in 2017. In 2018, Q1 due to weakening of these barriers, VAF increased.
Just Culture & Root Cause Analysis – A Necessary Marriage
Authors: Perkinson Larry 
Published: April 2018

Abstract

Objective
In a "Just Culture" open reporting of incidents and near misses are encouraged and even rewarded. There is recognition that errors are usually produced by system failures and that we need these incidents reported for the sake of organizational learning and process improvement. Such a culture also requires that individuals be held responsible and accountable for their actions. The difficulty comes in balancing these two seemingly opposing concepts in such a way that employees see a fair and transparent system. This presentation describes how systematic root cause analysis addresses the tension between organizational and personal accountability and makes a Just Culture possible.

Methods & Procedures
A review was made of current accountability (or culpability) models commonly used in implementing a Just Culture. The shared elements of these models were extracted and reviewed alongside a well-known expert system for root cause analysis (RCA). Most of the models use a series of questions to help determine the degree of organizational or personal accountability. The expert RCA system was used as a guide to help answer these questions.

Results & Conclusions
The expert RCA system provided a consistent methodology to answer questions from the models. One of the most important aspects of developing a Just Culture is a fair and transparent system. The use of the expert system provided a simple and transparent structure and framework for answering the questions in the various models that produced a consistent and reliable result. It was much more likely that different people using the system would come to the same conclusion, making the system equally fair to everyone.

Novel & Additive Information
Use of such an expert system provides many benefits to the organization in that the practitioners can use it as a root cause model for any type of undesired event or problem solving.
Smart Automated Designs for Better HSE Performance
Authors: Akhtar Muhammad Adnan 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
The ADGAS plant facilities include three LNG trains (Trains-1 & 2 commissioned in 1977 and Train-3 commissioned in 1994), Offshore Associated Gas (OAG) and Integrated Gas Development (IGD) facilities along with utilities and other associated facilities such as storage tankage, jetties for export of the products, etc. The gas feedstock comes from various offshore oil and gas fields surrounding Das Island. The feed gas, delivered to the plant at different pressure levels is compressed through different stages and purified before liquefaction. The feed gas contains impurities like CO2 (Carbon Di Oxide) and H2S (Hydrogen Sulphide), which are removed by gas sweetening process. H2S (Hydrogen Sulphide), removed by the sweetening process is converted into liquid Sulphur in the Sulphur Recovery Units. After sweetening, the hydrocarbon gas mixture is cooled in stages followed by fractionation and liquefaction to produce different hydrocarbon products ranging from LNG (a mixture of methane and ethane) to Paraffinic Naphtha.
Full-Scale Testing of Gravity Displacement with Heavy Fluid in Well Annulus to Stop Gas Migration and Reinstate Operations Safety
Authors: Demirci Efecan , Wojtanowicz Andrew K. 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Casing Pressure (CP) and Annular Casing Pressure (ACP) is a common well integrity problem, and if cannot be permenantly bled down, it may lead to failure of casing head or casing shoe causing operational risks and environmental pollution. CP or ACP can be caused by gas migration from the top of leaking cement or shallow gas formations, and its removal is necessary to continue well's operation.
The conventional mechanical removal methods require a rig and long lasting field applications, and are considered expensive. Alternative method involves displacing the drilling mud in the well with an immiscible heavier fluid to increase the hydrostatic pressure on top of leaking zone and stop the gas leakage. To date, pilot tests provided a useful insight for the method, though, effectiveness of the method remained unknown for real well applications. For the purpose, a full-size test was conducted in a pressurized 2750-foot well. The operational parameters (i.e. injection rate, duration, heavy fluid volume) were designed based on the learnings from the pilot tests and a numerical fluid transport model that would predict the velocity of heavy fluid column moving downwards in the mud column was developed.
As a result, average density in the well could be increased from 8.5 to 9.05 ppg. The analysis of the results shows that high injection rates, especially where pump pulsation is present, may lead to heavy fluid dispersion that, forms two fluids emulsion and stops the displacement process. In addition, gradual bleeding-off of surface pressure invokes more gas release from the cement top that leads to flotation and reversal of heavy gravity settling of droplets. For a successful displacement, injection rate and well-head pressure must be controlled over the whole operation.
The paper discusses the full-scale experiment design, operational problems, and provides analysis of the process performance described by a simple model of gravity settling and pump pulsation effect. The presented study contributes to the development of a novel well-intervention technique that is considerably cheaper than mechanical methods.
Prevention is Key: Achieving Optimal Health in the Workplace
Authors: Tauzin R. , Pachiyannakis A. K. 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Cancer, diabetes, and heart disease are occurring at alarming rates in the region. Our company's aim is to help employees avoid these diseases before they happen by encouraging them to practice prevention and improve their health. We have implemented an innovative approach to health through our flagship holistic health and wellness program, the Health Monitoring Management System (HMMS).
The HMMS is designed to assess the fitness of every employee and promote wellness and disease prevention from a holistic point of view. Private consultations with a holistic doctor are provided to all employees to evaluate their health, diet, and lifestyle. Significant emphasis is then placed on educating employees throughout their service on practicing disease prevention and leading healthy lifestyles. Education is achieved through mandatory health workshops, quarterly wellness campaigns, daily SMS, health improvement programs, and frequent health-related activities. Periodic medical evaluations are also performed on employees to follow their progress throughout their employment.
Through our HMMS program, we are able to take a sample of 524 current employees that have been in employment with the company since before January 1st 2010. The data shows that 42 of these employees have improved in category and made positive changes to their health. This means they have either moved from category 3 to category 2 or category 2 to category 1 (categories defined in the "classification" section). The data also shows that 47 of these employees have quit smoking. Also, 47% have reduced their weight, 52% have improved their blood sugar levels, and 50% have decreased their cholesterol levels. Since implementation of the HMMS 15 years ago, the statistics demonstrate that our workforce is becoming healthier.
The HMMS has extended its influence beyond our company's employees to reach families, clients, suppliers, visitors, and the community. Some of the initiatives include "Know Your Body" training, Health Week, Healthy Lifestyle coaching, cooking healthy, understanding food labels, detox programs, and sports. Taking this holistic approach to corporate wellness is a proactive method that aids in maintaining a more productive and healthier workforce.
An Integrated Approach to Manage Drilling Waste to Minimise Environmental Impacts
Authors: Tayab Muhammad R , Kashwani Ghanim , Sandra Dewi Novita , Ali Etehad Abou , Mohammed Tariq Hasan , Alhammami Mohamed Awadh 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Managing environmental impacts associated with drilling is a challenge to oil & gas ompanies and in recent year more efforts are exerted in increasing production levels hence increasing drilling activities and associated environmental concerns. Key environmental issues associated with onshore drilling activities include release to the atmosphere & groundwater and generation of hazardous wastes. Over the last few years, ADCO has intensified its drilling activities to meet challenging production targets and over the last 10 years number of drilled wells has almost doubled. In order to minimize environmental impacts of drilling activities addressing environmental issues became central to work planning and regarded as a business objective. The majority of drilling wastes includes drilling fluids & cuttings and if these are not managed effectively they may result into soil & groundwater contamination and could harm to biota.
In order to minimize the environmental impact of drilling waste an integratedwaste management scheme was developed to implement Zero Discharge and 100% HSE concepts from drilling locations and this scheme includes:
Two waste disposal wells for Water Based Mud (WBM) for injection in the deeper aquifers. Reconditioning of Oil Based Mud (OBM) at reconditioning plant for reuse Thermal Desorption Unit (TDU) for treating OBM Cuttings
In 2017, approximately a Million feet of wells were drilled resulting in generation of 200,000 tons of WBM cuttings and 40000 tons of OBM cuttings. OBM Cuttings were treated at TDU and 12000 bbls of oil was recovered. In addition, approximately 100 K bbl. of waste WBM and other drilling fluids were injected in deeper formation. 99.9% of oil from OBM cuttings is reclaimed as a fuel and the final inert material used for manufacturing cement blocks. The outcome the solution is converting drilling hazardous wastes through 100 % recycling into environmentallyfriendly and beneficially-used products. The concept of 3Rs- Reduce, reuse& recycle is applied for managing drilling waste to protect the environment.
Wireless Area Telemetry Network for Gas Detection: Indigenous Product Development in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Hussein M. T. , Shaikh U. A. , Mudawwar F. M. , Khayyat I. M. 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
A high-profile VIP compound in Dhahran, Saudi Arabia, required monitoring of methane levels at 102 points due to excessive leaks in their underground natural gas delivery network. A wireless data acquisition and monitoring solution was developed for this purpose with the objective of reducing infrastructure work and cost, and decreasing human dependence for detecting and monitoring gas leaks, while maintaining reliability compared to traditional wired gas detection safety solutions.
To attain this objective, a state-of-the-art wireless data acquisition and monitoring system was designed, developed, and then implemented at the site. A wireless network utilizing VHF band was deployed as the system backbone. The system's advanced wireless detection modules with gas sensors were installed at each monitoring point. These detection modules reported to the fully redundant system controllers which were designed in-house, with information and alarms displayed at strategically placed monitoring stations to alert the trained personnel to take immediate action.
Establishing a stable wireless RF network allowed for a continuous stream of real-time data to the controllers from each gas sensor and an immediate alert of any gas releases. Historical data logs of the sensors allowed for identification of high risk points in the natural gas delivery network. SMS and email notifications were made available to further guarantee a prompt emergency response. Moreover, each advanced wireless detection module also allowed for monitoring of sensor and system diagnostics using proprietary analytics algorithms, thus allowing for timely preventive maintenance personnel to be deployed by the system operator and increasing system reliability and decreasing down-time.
This case study presents an overview of the design of a wireless safety system for the monitoring of a highly dense area installed with gas sensors and analyzes its reliability and performance. The case study outlines how such innovative wireless solutions can be utilized to provide communities with peace of mind while keeping infrastructure requirements relatively low.
Search and Rescue Operations for Logistic, Drilling and Seismic Operations in Dense Jungle in Papua New Guinea
Authors: Albert David 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Papua New Guinea (hereinafter referred as PNG), the land of the unexpected. Around 7 million of PNG nationals are spread on more than 600 islands. There, 800 languages are spoken. This represents 12% of the total number of languages spoken in the world. Here 65% of the land area is covered by rainforest. There, studies in biodiversity estimate that in PNG shelters over 5% of the world's biodiversity. The relief of the main island and the high number of islands explains the isolation of various tribes, clans and ethnicities. Only a few areas are fitted with basic infrastructure (paved roads, dispensaries, public or domestic lighting and running water). If in the main cities, efforts have been done these last years to provide the minimum to the maximum of people, in the villages, if primary schools are sometimes functioning the rest of the public infrastructure is inexistent. One of the main issue being the public health. Only 21 public hospitals located in the main towns are functioning, but they do not offer the same level of medical service. To compensate this lack of facility, private hospitals, clinics or dispensary opened, but access to medical care remains expensive in PNG and a lot of people wait till the last moment to present themselves to an hospital, hoping to would avoid the expenses. This said, at least two international medical suppliers have opened clinic with the will of offering care to the greatest number with an affordable price, but this remains not enough. In addition, the limited road infrastructure of this country limits very much the development of the countryside, and consequently the medical one. On the main island, there is only 3000 kilometers of paved road shared between the main mountain ridge, one network on each side but no link in between (for a country of the size of Sweden or Cameroon). The majority of the islands are not equipped with asphalted roads. Logistic, then, is a real daily challenge for the inhabitants. They rely on mixed means of transport, feet, canoes or in the best case, collective motorized transport means (PMV).
In 2014, Total created an Exploration & Production affiliate, Total E&P PNG with offices located in Port Moresby. The creation of this affiliate was directly linked to the acquisition of 40% of the shares of the onshore block PRL-15. This block is located in the East of the Gulf Province (North West of Port Moresby). One of its main characteristic is its remoteness. In this area, people are used to travel by foot or in canoes, trips to markets or Province Capital hospital can last days.
Early Detection as a Tool to Bridge Prevention and Response Barriers for Oil Spills
Authors: Jara E.. , Pueyo A.. , Gómez J. P. , Perez-Lepe A.. , Borao M.. 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Minimizing the footprint of marine operations in the O&G sector is of uttermost importance to ensure business sustainability. Oil spills due to a number of activities and hazards are one of the major concerns offshore. Risk assessments must carefully cover all possible control and recovery barriers and the appropriate response resources must be kept on guard against any event. The likelihood, consequences and vulnerability of the affected area shape the risk in any possible oil spill. Spillage rate and time of release depicture to a great extent the consequences of the spill, thus an early detection is crucial to minimize impact as well as to help reduce reaction time and resources scale for the responders.
An early detection tool was satisfactorily put in place either in offshore production rig and maritime terminal, with specific capabilities for automated (unmanned) detection, 24/7 recording, remote surveillance, alarm logging and very low threshold detection level in adverse weather conditions. This means a digital transformation in the surveillance of marine operations allowing the exploitation of data to get the information needed to improve Safety in operations. With a threefold approach for innovative environmental protection, asset risk/integrity assessment and transparency culture promotion, a detection system was co-developed by operator and vendor to meet assets and operations needs and produce a tailor-made product. Such a novel system combines wide-coverage radars together with high-precision infrared cameras commanded and integrated by intelligent algorithms. Lessons learnt out of event reporting from this tool will be shared to help reinforce the link between prevention and response policies and protocols.
Key tactical information for quick response, resources optimization, routine/critical operations monitoring, and real-time data sharing either internally or with third parties is yielded out of the System (HEADS) as a new input for a holistic and proactive approach towards asset protection.