bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Histone deacetylase 11 inhibits interleukin 10 in B cells of subjects with allergic rhinitis
Authors: Shao Jian‐Bo , Luo Xiang‐Qian , Wu Yong‐Jin , Li Mao‐Gang , Hong Jing‐Yi , Mo Li‐Hua , Liu Zhi‐Gang , Li Hua‐Bin , Liu Da‐Bo , Yang Ping‐Chang 
Published: July 2018

BackgroundThe interleukin (IL)‐10 expression in B cells plays an important role in immune tolerance. The regulation of IL‐10 expression in B cells is not fully understood yet. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is increased in allergic rhinitis (AR) patients. This study tests a hypothesis that TNF enhances histone deacetylase (HDAC)11 expression to inhibit the expression of IL‐10 in B cells of AR patients.MethodsPeripheral B cells were collected from healthy persons and patients with AR. The B cells were analyzed by immune assay and molecular biological approaches for the expression of IL‐10.ResultsThe expression of HDAC11 was higher in B cells of patients with AR than that in healthy persons. The expression of IL‐10 in B cells was lower in AR patients than that in healthy subjects. The levels of HDAC11 in B cells were negatively correlated with the levels of IL‐10. Exposure of B cells to TNF in the culture inhibited the expression of IL‐10, in which HDAC11 played a critical role in the interference with the Il10 gene transcription. Inhibition of HDAC11 restored the IL‐10 expression in B cells from AR patients and attenuated the experimental AR.ConclusionTNF can suppress the expression of IL‐10 in B cells via enhancing the expression of HDAC11. Inhibition of HDAC11 restores the IL‐10 expression in B cells of AR subjects. HDAC11 may be a novel target for the treatment of AR.
Schalen, Reifen und Sattel: Methoden zur Synthese gebogener aromatischer Moleküle
Authors: Majewski Marcin A. , Stępień Marcin 
Published: July 2018

AbstractDieser Aufsatz fast die jüngsten Fortschritte in der Chemie gekrümmter aromatischer Moleküle zusammen. Mit dem Schwerpunkt auf den wesentlichen Erfolgen des vergangenen Jahrzehnts stellen wir einen allgemeinen Überblick über die Synthesemethoden zur Verfügung, die eine effiziente Induktion von interner Spannung in π‐konjugierten Strukturen ermöglichen. Dieser Aufsatz ist gemäß der am spannungsinduzierenden Reaktionsschritt (Cyclisierungen, Eliminierungen, Ringexpansionen und –kontraktionen) beteiligten Topologieänderung gegliedert und unterstreicht die bemerkenswerte Vielfalt an Strukturen, die mit modernen Synthesemethoden erzielt werden kann.
Struktur von [HSi9]3− im Festkörper und sein unerwartet hochdynamisches Verhalten in Lösung
Authors: Lorenz Corinna , Hastreiter Florian , Hioe Johnny , Lokesh Nanjundappa , Gärtner Stefanie , Korber Nikolaus , Gschwind Ruth M. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractDer unzweifelhafte Nachweis des schwer zu fassenden [HSi9]3−‐Anions gelang in flüssigem Ammoniak mithilfe verschiedenster 29Si‐ und 1H‐NMR‐Experimente, inklusive Chemical‐Exchange‐Saturation‐Transfer(CEST)‐Experimente. Charakteristische Multiplett‐Aufspaltungen sowohl bei den 29Si‐ als auch bei den 1H‐Signalen zusammen mit den CEST‐Messungen und eine teilweise reduzierte 1H,29Si‐Kopplungskonstante zeigen eine äußerst dynamische Si8‐Teilstruktur sowie eine Si‐H‐Einheit mit einem langsamen Protonen‐Hopping. Rechnungen belegen sowohl eine Umstrukturierung von Si8 in der ps‐Zeitskala über schwache Schwingungsmoden als auch das Protonen‐Hopping. Zusätzlich wurde in einer Einkristallstrukturanalyse von (K(DB[18]Krone‐6))(K([2.2.2]Krypt))2[HSi9]⋅8.5 NH3 das H‐Atom eindeutig an einer Ecke der quadratischen Grundfläche des Clusters lokalisiert, der die Gestalt eines einfach überdachten quadratischen Antiprismas hat. Insgesamt liefern experimentelle Studien und theoretische Betrachtungen bisher beispiellose Details sowohl zur Struktur als auch zum dynamischen Verhalten der Clusteranionen, die bisher eher für starr gehalten worden sind.
Chemo‐Enzymatic Synthesis of Position‐Specifically Modified RNA for Biophysical Studies including Light Control and NMR Spectroscopy
Authors: Keyhani Sara , Goldau Thomas , Blümler Anja , Heckel Alexander , Schwalbe Harald 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe investigation of non‐coding RNAs requires RNAs containing modifications at every possible position within the oligonucleotide. Here, we present the chemo‐enzymatic RNA synthesis containing photoactivatable or 13C,15N‐labelled nucleosides. All four ribonucleotides containing ortho‐nitrophenylethyl (NPE) photocages, photoswitchable azobenzene C‐nucleotides and 13C,15N‐labelled nucleotides were incorporated position‐specifically in high yields. We applied this approach for the synthesis of light‐inducible 2′dG‐sensing riboswitch variants and detected ligand‐induced structural reorganization upon irradiation by NMR spectroscopy. This chemo‐enzymatic method opens the possibility to incorporate a wide range of modifications at any desired position of RNAs of any lengths beyond the limits of solid‐phase synthesis.
Bowls, Hoops, and Saddles: Synthetic Approaches to Curved Aromatic Molecules
Authors: Majewski Marcin A. , Stępień Marcin 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThis review summarizes recent advances in the chemistry of curved aromatic molecules. By focusing on the key accomplishments of the last decade, we provide a general overview of synthetic methods capable of efficient induction of internal strain in π‐conjugated frameworks. The review is structured according to the topology change involved in the strain‐inducing reaction step (cyclizations, eliminations, ring expansions and contractions), and highlights the striking diversity of structures achievable with modern synthetic methodology.
Highly Diastereo‐ and Enantioselective Synthesis of Cyclohepta[b]indoles by Chiral‐Phosphoric‐Acid‐Catalyzed (4+3) Cycloaddition
Authors: Gelis Coralie , Levitre Guillaume , Merad Jérémy , Retailleau Pascal , Neuville Luc , Masson Géraldine 
Published: July 2018

AbstractA highly enantio‐ and diastereoselective formal (4+3) cycloaddition of 1,3‐diene‐1‐carbamates with 3‐indolylmethanols in the presence of a chiral phosphoric acid catalyst is reported. The approach described herein provides efficient access to 6‐aminotetrahydrocyclohepta[b]indoles in good yields with mostly complete diastereoselectivity and excellent levels of enantioselectivity (>98:2 dr and up to 98 % ee). Mild reaction conditions, facile scale‐up, and versatile derivatization highlight the practicality of this methodology. A mechanistic study suggests that cycloaddition occurs in a stepwise fashion, after the formation of an ion pair between the chiral catalytic phosphate and the intermediate carbocation.
Multicentre international trial of laparoscopic lavage for Hinchey III acute diverticulitis (LLO Study)
Authors: Binda G A , Bonino M A , Siri G , Di Saverio S , Rossi G , Nascimbeni R , Sorrentino M , Arezzo A , Vettoretto N , Cirocchi R , Birindelli A , Bertone S , Mentz R , Brizzolari M , Galleano R , Reggiani L , Parisi A , Gemini A , Pascariello A , Boccia L , Capelli P , Pertile D , Baldazzi G , Cassini D , Portale G , Fiscon V , Boselli C , Gervaz P , Gomes C A , Horesh N , Rey Valcárcel C , Battocletti M , Guercioni G , Tonini V , Agresta F , Bisagni P , Crucitti A , Mariani P , Casiraghi S , Lakkis Z 
Published: July 2018

Abstract

Background
Laparoscopic lavage was proposed in the 1990s to treat purulent peritonitis in patients with perforated acute diverticulitis. Prospective randomized trials had mixed results. The aim of this study was to determine the success rate of laparoscopic lavage in sepsis control and to identify a group of patients that could potentially benefit from this treatment.

Methods
This retrospective multicentre international study included consecutive patients from 24 centres who underwent laparoscopic lavage from 2005 to 2015.

Results
A total of 404 patients were included, 231 of whom had Hinchey III acute diverticulitis. Sepsis control was achieved in 172 patients (74·5 per cent), and was associated with lower Mannheim Peritonitis Index score and ASA grade, no evidence of free perforation, absence of extensive adhesiolysis and previous episodes of diverticulitis. The operation was immediately converted to open surgery in 19 patients. Among 212 patients who underwent laparoscopic lavage, the morbidity rate was 33·0 per cent; the reoperation rate was 13·7 per cent and the 30-day mortality rate 1·9 per cent. Twenty-one patients required readmission for early complications, of whom 11 underwent further surgery and one died. Of the 172 patients discharged uneventfully after laparoscopic lavage, a recurrent episode of acute diverticulitis was registered in 46 (26·7 per cent), at a mean of 11 (range 2–108) months. Relapse was associated with younger age, female sex and previous episodes of acute diverticulitis.

Conclusion
Laparoscopic lavage showed a high rate of successful sepsis control in selected patients with perforated Hinchey III acute diverticulitis affected by peritonitis, with low rates of operative mortality, reoperation and stoma formation.
Outcomes of pancreas retransplantation in patients with pancreas graft failure
Authors: Gasteiger S , Cardini B , Göbel G , Oberhuber R , Messner F , Resch T , Bösmüller C , Margreiter C , Schneeberger S , Maglione M 
Published: July 2018

AbstractBackgroundPancreas retransplantation is still a controversial option after loss of a pancreatic graft. This article describes the experience of pancreas retransplantation at a high-volume centre.MethodsThis was a retrospective observational study of all pancreas retransplantations performed in a single centre between 1997 and 2013. Pancreatic graft loss was defined by the return to insulin dependence. Risk factors for graft loss as well as patient and graft survival were analysed using logistic and time-to-event regression models.ResultsOf 409 pancreas transplantations undertaken, 52 (12·7 per cent) were identified as pancreas retransplantations. After a median follow-up of 65·0 (range 0·8–174·3) months, 1- and 5-year graft survival rates were 79 and 69 per cent respectively, and 1- and 5-year patient survival rates were 96 and 89 per cent. During the entire follow-up, 22 grafts (42 per cent) were lost. Patient survival was not associated with any of the donor- or recipient-related factors investigated. Five-year graft survival was better after simultaneous kidney–pancreas retransplantation than pancreas retransplantation alone: 80 per cent (16 of 20) versus 63 per cent (20 of 32) (P = 0·226). Acute rejection (odds ratio 4·49, 95 per cent c.i. 1·59 to 12·68; P = 0·005) and early surgical complications (OR 3·29, 1·09 to 9·99, P = 0·035) were identified as factors with an independent negative effect on graft survival.ConclusionPancreas retransplantation may be considered for patients whose previous graft has failed.
Capillary electrophoresis in the enantioseparation of modern antidepressants: An overview
Authors: Hancu Gabriel , Budău Monica , Muntean Daniela Lucia , Gagyi Laszlo , Rusu Aura 
Published: July 2018

AbstractChirality is a key subject in modern drug research as well as in the pharmaceutical industry and drug development. Almost all second‐generation modern antidepressants are chiral substances; however in therapy some are used as racemic mixtures while others are used as pure enantiomers. The development of enantioseparation methods of chiral antidepressants and their metabolites is one of the keys in understanding their enantioselective drug action. For this purpose, efficient and reliable analytical methods are needed, and capillary electrophoresis has proved to be an interesting and advantageous alternative to the more frequently used chromatographic techniques. In this review electrodriven methods available for the chiral discrimination of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (fluoxetine, citalopram, sertraline) and selective serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (venlafaxine, duloxetine) are presented and discussed.
A novel dried blood spot LC–MS/MS method for the quantification of apalutamide in mouse whole blood: Application to pharmacokinetic study in mice
Authors: Saini Neeraj Kumar , Sulochana Suresh P. , Kiran Vinay , Zainuddin Mohd , Mullangi Ramesh 
Published: July 2018

AbstractA simple, sensitive and rapid assay method has been developed and validated for the estimation of apalutamide on mouse dried blood spots (DBS) using liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry with electrospray ionization in the positive‐ion mode. The method utilizes liquid extraction of apalutamide from 3 mm punched disks from DBS cards (spiked or study samples). The extracted sample was chromatographed on an Atlantis dC18 column using gradient elution with 0.2% formic acid and acetonitrile at a flow rate of 1.00 mL/min. The total run time was 3.0 min. The MS/MS ion transitions monitored were m/z 478 → 450 for apalutamide and m/z 481 → 453 for the IS (apalutamide‐d3). Method validation was performed as per regulatory guidelines. The assay was linear in the range of 0.95–2030 ng/mL. The intra‐ and inter‐day precisions were in the ranges of 2.37–8.53 and 6.76–11.5%, respectively. Stability studies showed that apalutamide was stable on DBS cards for one month. This novel method has been applied to analyze the DBS samples of apalutamide obtained from a pharmacokinetic study in mice.
Insight into the Chemical Diversity of Late/Ice Harvest Gewürztraminer Wine
Authors: Jerković Igor , Marijanović Zvonimir , Serreli Gabriele , Tuberoso Carlo Ignazio Giovanni 
Published: July 2018

Late harvest (LHW) and ice harvest (IHW) Gewürztraminer wine samples from Croatia (Ilok) were investigated. Their technological parameters, chromaticity coordinates, total phenols content, and antioxidant capacity were determined. 5‐(Hydroxymethyl)furfural, xanthine, and trans‐caftaric acid were analyzed in the samples by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC‐DAD). Headspace solid‐phase microextraction (HS‐SPME) followed by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis revealed isoamyl alcohol as predominant compound (21.25 – 60.30%). Diethyl succinate, 2‐phenylethanol, and benzaldehyde were also abundant. Ethyl octanoate (1.48 – 5.70%) and ethyl caprate (0.48 – 4.83%) decreased significantly in LHW, being the lowest in IHW. Two solvents were applied for the samples extraction (solvent A – pentane/diethyl ether 1:2 (v/v) and solvent B – dichloromethane), and the extracts were analyzed by GC/MS. Ethyl hydrogen succinate (solvent A: 27.30 – 52.04%; solvent B: 28.04 – 46.69%) and diethyl succinate (solvent A: 5.21 – 18.2%; solvent B: 2.66 – 7.72%) were predominant in IHW and LHW. Aromatic alcohols were also found: 2‐phenylethanol (solvent A: 7.07 – 21.09%; solvent B: 5.50 – 11.82%), 4‐hydroxybenzyl alcohol (solvent A: 1.45 – 6.68%; solvent B: 2.47 – 12.16%) and benzyl alcohol (solvent A: 0.10 – 0.77%). The obtained results complement a previous study on IHW (Gewürztraminer) from Croatia providing new features and indicating great chemical diversity among the samples.
The Three S's for Aptamer‐Mediated Control of DNA Nanostructure Dynamics: Shape, Self‐Complementarity, and Spatial Flexibility
Authors: Shiu Simon Chi‐Chin , Kinghorn Andrew B. , Sakai Yusuke , Cheung Yee‐Wai , Heddle Jonathan G. , Tanner Julian A. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractDNA aptamers are ideal tools to enable modular control of the dynamics of DNA nanostructures. For molecular recognition, they have a particular advantage over antibodies in that they can be integrated into DNA nanostructures in a bespoke manner by base pairing or nucleotide extension without any complex bioconjugation strategy. Such simplicity will be critical upon considering advanced therapeutic and diagnostic applications of DNA nanostructures. However, optimizing DNA aptamers for functional control of the dynamics of DNA nanostructure can be challenging. Herein, we present three considerations—shape, self‐complementarity, and spatial flexibility—that should be paramount upon optimizing aptamer functionality. These lessons, learnt from the growing number of aptamer–nanostructure reports thus far, will be helpful for future studies in which aptamers are used to control the dynamics of nucleic acid nanostructures.
Phosphorus Particles Embedded in Reduced Graphene Oxide Matrix to Enhance Capacity and Rate Capability for Capacitive Potassium‐Ion Storage
Authors: Wang Hong , Wang Lifeng , Wang Liancheng , Xing Zheng , Wu Xuan , Zhao Wei , Qi Xiujun , Ju Zhicheng , Zhuang Quanchao 
Published: July 2018

AbstractEarly studies indicate that graphite is feasible as the negative electrode of a potassium‐ion battery, but its electrochemical performance still cannot meet the demands of applications. More efforts should be focused on increasing the specific capacity and improving the rate capability in the meantime. Thus, stainless‐steel autoclave technology has been utilized to prepare phosphorus nanoparticles encapsulated in reduced graphene oxide matrix as the electrode materials for a potassium‐ion battery. As a result, the composite matrix affords high reversible capacities of 354 and 253 mA h g−1 at 100 and 500 mA g−1, respectively. The superior electrochemical performance is mainly because the composite matrix possesses better electronic conductivity and a robust structure, which can promote the electron‐transfer performance of the electrode. Furthermore, phosphorus particles can contribute to the high capacity through an alloying mechanism. In addition, the silklike, ultrathin, film composite with a high surface area is conducive to capacitive potassium‐ion storage, which plays a more important role in rate performance and a high current density capability.
Inexpensive but Highly Efficient Co–Mn Mixed‐Oxide Catalysts for Selective Oxidation of 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural to 2,5‐Furandicarboxylic Acid
Authors: Rao Kasanneni Tirumala Venkateswara , Rogers Jennifer Lorraine , Souzanchi Sadra , Dessbesell Luana , Ray Madhumita Bhowmick , Xu Chunbao (Charles) 
Published: July 2018

AbstractA highly active and inexpensive Co–Mn mixed‐oxide catalyst was prepared and used for selective oxidation of 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) into 2, 5‐furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA). Co–Mn mixed‐oxide catalysts with different Co/Mn molar ratios were prepared through a simple solid‐state grinding method—a low‐cost and green catalyst preparation method. The activity of these catalysts was evaluated for selective aerobic oxidation of HMF into FDCA in water. Excellent HMF conversion (99 %) and FDCA yield (95 % ) were obtained under the best reaction conditions (i.e., 120 °C, 5 h, Co–Mn mixed‐oxide catalyst with a Co/Mn molar ratio of 0.25 calcined at 300 °C (Co‐Mn‐0.25) and 1 MPa O2). The catalyst could be reused five times without a significant decrease in activity. The results demonstrated that the catalytic activity and selectivity of the Co–Mn mixed‐oxide catalysts prepared through solid‐state grinding were superior to the same Co–Mn catalyst prepared through a conventional coprecipitation method. The high catalytic activity of the Co‐Mn‐0.25 catalyst was attributed to its high lattice oxygen mobility and the presence of different valence states of manganese. The high activity and low cost of the Co–Mn mixed‐oxide catalysts prepared by solid‐state grinding make it promising for industrial application for the manufacturing of polyethylene furanoate, a bioreplacement for polyethylene terephthalate, from sustainable bioresources.
Measurement error of state variables creates substantial bias in results of demographic population models
Authors: Louthan Allison , Doak Daniel 
Published: July 2018

AbstractIntegral projection and matrix population models are commonly used in ecological and conservation studies to assess the health and extinction risk of populations. These models use one (or more) measurable state variable(s), such as size or age, to predict individual performance, which, ideally, is the sole determinant of an individual's expected fate. However, even if ecologists successfully identify and measure the observable state variable(s) that best predicts individual fate, we are rarely, if ever, able to perfectly measure state for many species, especially those with size structure, where total plant biomass or starch stores, for example, may be the best predictors of fate. Here, we used a series of simulations to test how this imperfect quantification of actual state (“measurement error”) leads to inaccurate prediction of state‐dependent fates and influences the predictions of structured population models. We simulated 10 yr of best practice field data collection using known vital rate functions and incorporated measurement error of different magnitudes and types (completely random, temporal, and individual based) for two size‐structured life histories. We found that even for conservative error rates, most types of measurement error increased the median predicted population growth rate by 1–2% growth per year. However, the magnitude of this error differed substantially with life history strategy and error type, with some scenarios resulting in >8% median overestimation of population growth rate. This effect arises largely from the well‐known econometrics problem of “regression dilution” (overestimation of the intercept and underestimation of the slope of a regression when the predictor variable is measured with error), which in our simulations typically results in overly optimistic predictions of small or young individuals’ vital rates. Our results suggest that the problem of measurement error for state variables, present in many demographic studies but virtually unacknowledged in the ecological literature, may lead to substantial misestimation of population behavior, resulting in erroneous inferences about not only growth, but also extinction risk and other aspects of population dynamics.
Electrochemically Active Phosphotungstic Acid Assisted Prevention of Graphene Restacking for High‐Capacitance Supercapacitors
Authors: He Chengen , Qiu Shengqiang , Sun Shan , Zhang Qing , Lin Guanyu , Lei Sheng , Han Xiaoyan , Yang Yingkui 
Published: July 2018

Direct reduction of graphene oxide usually leads to the agglomeration of the as‐generated graphene sheets, thus suppressing the surface exposed for energy storage. Herein, graphene oxide was reduced by a one‐pot hydrothermal process in the presence of an electrochemically active phosphotungstic acid to produce three‐dimensional porous phosphotungstic acid/reduced graphene oxide composites. Phosphotungstic acid molecules were found to be uniformly anchored on the surface of reduced graphene oxide sheets through the electrostatic interaction to prevent the reduced graphene oxide sheets from restacking. Meanwhile, phosphotungstic acid has the capability of undergoing fast reversible multi‐electron redox reactions and hence providing the pseudocapacitance. As expected, phosphotungstic acid/reduced graphene oxide composites display the specific capacitance as high as 456.7 F g−1 at 5 mV s−1 and 363.8 F g−1 at 0.5 A g−1, which are much larger than those obtained in reduced graphene oxide (162.4 F g−1 at 5 mV s−1 and 190.6 F g−1 at 0.5 A g−1). The retention also maintains 82.9% of initial specific capacitance after 1000 charge/discharge cycles. Such excellent electrochemical performance comes from the three‐dimensional porous architecture and synergistic interaction between the pseudocapacitive phosphotungstic acid and electric double‐layer capacitive graphene.