bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Polycarboxyl‐Decorated FeIII‐Based Xerogel‐Derived Multifunctional Composite (Fe3O4/Fe/C) as an Efficient Electrode Material towards Oxygen Reduction Reaction and Supercapacitor Application
Authors: Devi Bandhana , Venkateswarulu Mangili , Kushwaha Himmat Singh , Halder Aditi , Koner Rik Rani 
Published: February 2018

AbstractLow cost, non‐noble metal catalysts with a good oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity comparable to that of platinum and also having good energy storage properties are highly desirable but challenging. Several challenges are associated with the development of such materials. Herein, we demonstrate a new polycarboxyl‐functionalised FeIII‐based gel material, synthesised following a solvothermal method and the development of its composite (Fe3O4/Fe/C) by annealing at optimised temperature. The developed composite displayed excellent electrocatalytic activity for the oxygen reduction reaction with an onset potential of 0.87 V (vs. RHE) and a current density value of −5 mA cm−2, which are comparable with commercial 20 wt % Pt/C. In addition, as one of the most desirable properties, the composite exhibits a better methanol tolerance and greater durability than Pt/C. The same material was explored as an energy storage material for supercapacitors, which showed a specific capacitance of 245 F g−1 at a current density of 1 A g−1. It is expected that this Fe3O4/Fe/C composite with a disordered graphitised carbon matrix will pave a horizon for developing energy conversion and energy storage devices.
The Hydrophobic Effect Applied to Organic Synthesis: Recent Synthetic Chemistry “in Water”
Authors: Lipshutz Bruce H. , Ghorai Subir , Cortes‐Clerget Margery 
Published: February 2018

AbstractRecent developments over the past few years in aqueous micellar catalysis are discussed. Applications to problems in synthesis are highlighted, enabled by the use of surfactants that self‐aggregate in water into micelles as nanoreactors. These include amphiphiles that have been available for some time, as well as those that have been newly designed. Reactions catalyzed by transition metals, including Pd, Cu, Rh, and Au, are of particular focus.
High‐Nuclearity Heterometallic tert‐Butylethynide Clusters Assembled with tert‐Butylphosphonate
Authors: Duan Guang‐Xiong , Xie Yun‐Peng , Jin Jun‐Ling , Bao Li‐Piao , Lu Xing , Mak Thomas C. W. 
Published: February 2018

Abstracttert‐Butylphosphonic acid and lanthanide precursors were employed to construct two high‐nuclearity hybrid silver(I)–ytterbium(III) phosphonate clusters: compound 1 consists of a Ag16 ethynide cluster fused with a trinuclear hydroxoytterbium phosphonate cluster, whereas compound 2 is composed of two Ag16 ethynide clusters bridged by a hexanuclear oxo/hydroxoytterbium phosphonate cluster. Using transition‐metal‐substituted lacunary polyoxotungstates in place of the lanthanide reactant, new phosphonate‐functionalized silver(I)–copper(II) ethynide clusters [Ag34Cu6 (3) and Ag37Cu6 (4)] and silver(I) ethynide clusters [Ag51 (5) and Ag72 (6)] were obtained. The structures of complexes 3–6 feature core–shell arrangements, in which silver(I)–copper(II) or silver(I) ethynide cluster shells stabilized by peripheral phosphonate ligands enclose different kinds of tungstate core templates.
Magnetic Reduced Graphene Oxide/Nickel/Platinum Nanoparticles Micromotors for Mycotoxin Analysis
Authors: Molinero‐Fernández Águeda , Jodra Adrián , Moreno‐Guzmán María , López Miguel Ángel , Escarpa Alberto 
Published: February 2018

AbstractMagnetic reduced graphene oxide/nickel/platinum nanoparticles (rGO/Ni/PtNPs) micromotors for mycotoxin analysis in food samples were developed for food‐safety diagnosis. While the utilization of self‐propelled micromotors in bioassays has led to a fundamentally new approach, mainly due to the greatly enhanced target–receptor contacts owing to their continuous movement around the sample and the associated mixing effect, herein the magnetic properties of rGO/Ni/PtNPs micromotors for mycotoxin analysis are additionally explored. The micromotor‐based strategy for targeted mycotoxin biosensing focused on the accurate control of micromotor‐based operations: 1) on‐the‐move capture of free aptamers by exploiting the adsorption (outer rGO layer) and catalytic (inner PtNPs layer) properties and 2) micromotor stopped flow in just 2 min by exploiting the magnetic properties (intermediate Ni layer). This strategy allowed fumonisin B1 determination with high sensitivity (limit of detection: 0.70 ng mL−1) and excellent accuracy (error: 0.05 % in certified reference material and quantitative recoveries of 104±4 % in beer) even in the presence of concurrent ochratoxin A (105–108±8 % in wines). These results confirm the developed approach as an innovative and reliable analytical tool for food‐safety monitoring, and confirm the role of micromotors as a new paradigm in analytical chemistry.
Recent Advances in the Synthesis of β‐Functionalized Ketones by Radical‐Mediated 1,2‐Rearrangement of Allylic Alcohols
Authors: Weng Wei‐Zhi , Zhang Bo 
Published: February 2018

Abstractβ‐Functionalized ketones are a highly important and valuable class of compounds that have gained increasing attention from organic chemists due to their intensive uses as versatile synthetic intermediates and building blocks in complex molecule assembly and natural product synthesis. Accordingly, there is continuing interest in the development of new approaches for the synthesis of β‐functionalized ketones. In recent years, radical‐mediated 1,2‐rearrangement reactions of allylic alcohols, which proceed through cationic (semipinacol) rearrangements or radical (neophyl) rearrangements, have presented an attractive and powerful strategy to access various diversely β‐functionalized ketones. Interestingly, this strategy allows for the direct installation of a variety of valuable functional groups at the β‐position of cyclic and acyclic ketones by employing different radical precursors. However, a review focusing on the preparation of β‐functionalized ketones by radical‐mediated 1,2‐rearrangement reactions of allylic alcohols has not been summarized to date. This Minireview highlights recent progress made in this highly active and interesting research area, and the corresponding mechanisms will also be discussed.
1,8‐Diphenyl‐9,10‐Bis(arylethynyl)phenanthrenes: Synthesis, Distorted Structure, and Optical Properties
Authors: Konishi Akihito , Morinaga Atsushi , Fukuhara Gaku , Nishijima Masaki , Mori Tadashi , Kida Toshiyuki , Yasuda Makoto 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe synthesis and optical properties of 1,8‐diphenyl‐9,10‐bis(arylethynyl)phenanthrenes, which are distorted phenanthrenes, are reported. The presence of the two phenyl groups at the 1,8‐positions of phenanthrene significantly distorts the molecular geometries, as was evidenced by X‐ray crystallography. The congested substitution pattern in the K region results in a distorted aromatic framework, which leads to a redshift in the emission spectrum. These observations are in stark contrast to 9,10‐bis(phenylethynyl)phenanthrene with no phenyl groups at the 1,8‐positions. A large Stokes shift suggested extensive structural relaxation between the phenyl and arylethynyl units in the excited state, which was supported by theoretical calculations.
A General Approach to Access Morphologies of Polyoxometalates in Solution by Using SAXS: An Ab Initio Modeling Protocol
Authors: Li Mu , Wang Weiyu , Yin Panchao 
Published: February 2018

AbstractHerein, we reported a general protocol for an ab initio modeling approach to deduce structure information of polyoxometalates (POMs) in solutions from scattering data collected by the small‐angle X‐ray scattering (SAXS) technique. To validate the protocol, the morphologies of a serious of known POMs in either aqueous or organic solvents were analyzed. The obtained particle morphologies were compared and confirmed with previous reported crystal structures. To extend the feasibility of the protocol to an unknown system of aqueous solutions of Na2MoO4 with the pH ranging from −1 to 8.35, the formation of {Mo36} clusters was probed, identified, and confirmed by SAXS. The approach was further optimized with a multi‐processing capability to achieve fast analysis of experimental data, thereby, facilitating in situ studies of formations of POMs in solutions. The advantage of this approach is to generate intuitive 3D models of POMs in solutions without confining information such as symmetries and possible sizes.
Styrene Polymerization under Ambient Conditions by using a Transient 1,3,2‐Diazaphospholane‐2‐oxyl Complex
Authors: Heurich Tobias , Qu Zheng‐Wang , Kunzmann Robert , Schnakenburg Gregor , Engeser Marianne , Nožinović Senada , Streubel Rainer 
Published: February 2018

AbstractA combined theoretical and experimental study on the formation and reactivity of a P‐OTEMP (P‐bound TEMPO (TEMPO=2,2,6,6‐tetramethyl‐piperidin‐1‐oxyl)) substituted 1,3,2‐diazaphospholane W(CO)5 complex is presented, including DFT‐based mechanistic details. The complex possesses a thermally labile O−N bond that cleaves homolytically yielding the transient 1,3,2‐diazaphospholane‐2‐oxyl complex [(CO)5W(R2PO.)], which acts as a radical initiator for styrene polymerization under ambient conditions.
Open Chain Polyarsenides of the Lanthanides
Authors: Schoo Christoph , Köppe Ralf , Piesch Martin , Gamer Michael T. , Konchenko Sergey N. , Scheer Manfred , Roesky Peter W. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe reaction of [(Cp′′′Co)2(μ,η2:2‐As2)2] with the decamethylsamarocenes [Cp*2Sm(THF)2] or [Cp*2Sm], or the bis(tetramethyl‐n‐propyl)samarocene [(C5Me4(n‐propyl))2Sm] resulted in the mixed d/f polyarsenides [(Cp′′′Co)2As4Sm(η5‐C5Me4R)2] (R=Me, n‐propyl). They are the first structural representatives of open chain‐like polyarsenides as ligands in the coordination sphere of lanthanides. Their formation can be explained by an intramolecular As–As coupling within the cobalt polyarsenide complex after reduction by the divalent samarium complex. Density functional theory calculations give insight into the structural change of the (As2)2 unit in [{Cp′′′Co(μ,η2:2‐As2)}2] upon reduction.
Adverse mental health outcomes in a population‐based cohort of survivors of childhood cancer
Authors: Nathan Paul C. , Nachman Alex , Sutradhar Rinku , Kurdyak Paul , Pole Jason D. , Lau Cindy , Gupta Sumit 
Published: February 2018

BACKGROUNDThe elevated risk for physical late effects in childhood cancer survivors (CCS) is well documented, but their risk for mental health problems is less well described.METHODSThe authors assembled a cohort of all 5‐year CCS who were diagnosed before age 18 years and treated in an Ontario pediatric cancer center between 1987 and 2008. Patients were matched to population controls and linked to health administration databases. The authors calculated rates of mental health care visits (family physician, psychiatrist, emergency department, hospitalization) and the risk for a severe mental health event (emergency department, hospitalization, suicide). Outcomes were compared using recurrent event and survival analyses.RESULTSCompared with 20,269 controls, 4117 CCS had a higher rate of mental health visits (adjusted relative rate [RR], 1.34; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.12‐1.52). Higher rates were associated with female gender (RR, 1.39; CI, 1.10‐1.75; P = .006) and being diagnosed at ages 15 to 17.9 years (compared with ages 0‐4 years: RR, 1.81; 95% CI, 1.17‐2.80; P = .008). Cancer type, treatment intensity, and treatments targeting the central nervous system were not significant predictors. Survivors were at increased risk for a severe event compared with controls (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.13; 95% CI, 1.00‐1.28; P = .045). CCS who were diagnosed with cancer at age 4 years or younger were at greatest risk: 16.3% (95% CI, 13.2%‐19.8%) had experienced a severe event by age 28 years.CONCLUSIONSCCS experienced higher rates of mental health visits and a greater risk for a severe event than the general population. Survivors of adolescent cancer have a higher rate of mental health visits overall, whereas survivors of cancer before age 4 years have a markedly elevated risk of severe events. Cancer 2018;124:2045‐57. © 2018 American Cancer Society.
T‐cell–depleted haploidentical stem cell transplantation results improve with time in adults with acute leukemia: A study from the Acute Leukemia Working Party of the European Society of Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT)
Authors: Sestili Simona , Labopin Myriam , Ruggeri Annalisa , Velardi Andrea , Ciceri Fabio , Maertens Johan , Kanz Lothar , Aversa Franco , Lewalle Philippe , Bunjes Donald , Mohty Mohamad , Nagler Arnon 
Published: February 2018

BACKGROUNDT‐cell–depleted, haploidentical transplantations (haplos) are commonly offered to patients who have high‐risk, acute leukemia in the absence of a human leukocyte antigen (HLA) full‐matched donor.METHODSTo determine the effect of transplantation period, the authors divided 308 adults with de novo, acute leukemia who underwent T‐cell–depleted haplo from 2005 to 2015 into 2 groups, according the year in which they underwent transplantation (2005‐2011 [n = 191] and 2012‐2015 [n = 117]).RESULTSThe median age was 41 years in patients who underwent transplantation before 2012 and 46 years in those who underwent transplantation after 2012 (P = .04). Most patients had acute myeloid leukemia (75% vs 69%; P = .26) and were in first complete remission (CR1) (55% vs 64%; P = .12) at the time of transplantation. The cumulative incidence of grade 2, 3, and 4 acute graft‐versus‐host disease (GvHD) and chronic GvHD were not different between the 2 groups (acute GvHD: 20% vs 22% cumulative incidence in patients who underwent haplo before and after 2012, respectively [P = .67]; chronic GvHD: 19% vs 11% cumulative incidence, respectively; P = .12]. The 2‐year relapse incidence was 20%, the nonrelapse mortality (NRM) rate was 48%, and no difference was observed over time (21% vs 19% [P = .72] and 54% vs 38% [P = .11] for patients who underwent haplo before and after 2012, respectively). The main cause of NRM was infection. Haplo after 2012 (hazard ratio [HR], 0.57; P = .01), younger age (HR, 0.82; P = .02), and receipt of a reduced‐intensity conditioning (RIC) regimen (HR, 0.53; P = .01) were independently associated with lower NRM. The 2‐year overall survival rate was 36% and improved after 2012 (29% vs 47% before 2012; P = .02); and it was higher for patients who underwent transplantation in CR1 (41% vs 29%; P = .01). In multivariate analysis, haplo after 2012 (HR, 0.54; P = .003) and receipt of a RIC regimen (HR, 0.54; P = .005) were independently associated with better overall survival. Similarly, leukemia‐free survival and GvHD‐free/relapse‐free survival (GRFS) improved over time: the leukemia‐free survival rate was 31% (25% vs 43% in the groups who underwent transplantation before and after 2012, respectively; P = .05), and the GRFS rate was 24% (19% vs 34%, respectively; P = .09). In addition, leukemia‐free survival and GRFS improved among patients who received a RIC regimen.CONCLUSIONSThe outcome of patients with acute leukemia who underwent T‐cell–depleted haplo has improved over time. Cancer 2018;124:2142‐50. © 2018 American Cancer Society.
Relapse and survival after transplantation for complex karyotype acute myeloid leukemia: A report from the Acute Leukemia Working Party of the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation and the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center
Authors: Ciurea Stefan O. , Labopin Myriam , Socie Gerard , Volin Liisa , Passweg Jakob , Chevallier Patrice , Beelen Dietrich , Milpied Noel , Blaise Didier , Cornelissen Jan J. , Fegueux Nathalie , Polge Emmanuelle , Kongtim Piyanuch , Rondon Gabriela , Esteve Jordi , Mohty Mohamad , Savani Bipin N. , Champlin Richard E. , Nagler Arnon 
Published: February 2018

BACKGROUNDDespite recent advances in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT), the outcome of patients who have acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with a complex karyotype (CK) remains poor. The objective of this study was to identify prognostic factors associated with post‐transplantation survival in a large cohort of patients with CK AML.METHODSIn total, data on 1342 consecutively patients who underwent transplantation for CK (≥3 chromosomal abnormalities) AML were provided by the Acute Leukemia Working Party of the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation and from the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center database were included in the analysis. The median patient age was 52 years. The donors were human leukocyte antigen‐matched related donors (N = 749), matched unrelated donors (N = 513), and mismatched unrelated donors (N = 80).RESULTSRelapse was the main cause of treatment failure. Overall, 51% of patients relapsed, 17.6% died of treatment‐related mortality, and 31.3% survived leukemia‐free. In multivariate analysis, the factors associated with an increased risk of relapse were age (>40 years; hazard ratio [HR], 1.1 per 10 years;P= .02), secondary AML (HR, 1.35;P= .01), active disease at transplantation (HR, 1.98;P< .001), and deletion/monosomy 5 (HR, 1.5;P< .001); whereas age (HR, 1.15 per 10 years;P< .001), secondary AML (HR, 1.36;P= .001), active disease at transplantation (HR, 1.99;P< .001), deletion/monosomy 5 (HR, 1.24;P= .008), and deletion/monosomy 7 (HR, 1.44;P< .001) predicted for leukemia‐free survival.CONCLUSIONSDisease relapse remains the most common cause of treatment failure for patients with CK AML after transplantation. Novel approaches to decrease the relapse rate and improve survival are needed in these patients.Cancer2018;124:2134‐41. ©2018 American Cancer Society.
Induction and Measurement of Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte Activity
Authors: Wonderlich John , Shearer Gene , Livingstone Alexandra , Brooks Andrew , Soloski Mark J. , Presby Matthew M. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractCytotoxic T cells (CTLs) are important immune effector cells in the adaptive immune response. It has been well documented that CTLs are important in host immune responses to viral and bacterial intracellular pathogens, tumors, and transplanted tissues. The properties of CTLs have been studied extensively in murine models, and their roles validated in the human setting. Frequently, the presence of these cells correlates well with protective immunity, so the ability to readily measure the activity of these cells is an important immunological measurement. In this unit, several assays are described that are commonly utilized to induce CTLs and to measure CTL activity both in vitro and in vivo. These assays are adaptable to many experimental and/or disease models, and in the case of the in vitro assays can be applied to measure CTL activity in human samples. © 2018 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Sporulation and Germination of Paenibacillus larvae Cells
Authors: Mahdi Osama S. , Fisher Nathan A. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractEndospores are metabolically dormant cells formed by a variety of Gram‐positive bacteria within the phylum Firmicutes in response to nutrient limiting or otherwise unfavorable growth conditions. American foulbrood disease (AFB) is a serious disease of honeybees that is caused by the introduction of Paenibacillus larvae endospores into a honeybee colony. Progression to fulminant disease and eventual collapse of the colony requires multiple rounds of endospore germination, vegetative replication, endospore formation, and subsequent spread within the colony. This unit includes protocols for the in vitro sporulation and germination of P. larvae to assist investigators in the study of these processes. © 2018 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Poliovirus Replicon RNA Generation, Transfection, Packaging, and Quantitation of Replication
Authors: Viktorova Ekaterina G. , Khattar Sunil , Samal Siba , Belov George A. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractPoliovirus is a prototype member of the Enterovirus genus of the Picornaviridae family of small positive strand RNA viruses, which include important human and animal pathogens. Quantitative assessment of viral replication is very important for investigation of the virus biology and the development of anti‐viral strategies. The poliovirus genome structure allows replacement of structural genes with a reporter protein, such as a luciferase or a fluorescent protein, whose signals can be detected and quantified in vivo, thus permitting observation of replication kinetics in live cells. This paper presents protocols for poliovirus replicon RNA production, purification, packaging and transfection, as well as techniques for monitoring Renilla luciferase replication signal in living cells. © 2018 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Association between intrusive negative autobiographical memories and depression: A meta‐analytic investigation
Authors: Mihailova Stella , Jobson Laura 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe study investigated several associations between depression and intrusive negative autobiographical memories. A systematic literature search identified 23 eligible studies (N = 2,582), which provided 59 effect sizes. Separate meta‐analyses indicated that depression was moderately, positively associated with intrusive memory frequency, memory distress, maladaptive memory appraisals, memory avoidance, and memory rumination. Intrusive memory vividness was not significantly associated with depression. There were insufficient data to examine the relationship between depression and memory vantage perspective. Between‐study heterogeneity was high for intrusive memory frequency and memory avoidance, and the percentage of females in studies significantly moderated the relationship between these variables and depression. An additional exploratory meta‐analysis (3 studies; N = 257) indicated that intrusive memories were experienced more frequently by those with posttraumatic stress disorder than those with depression. Overall, the findings suggest that intrusive memories warrant clinical attention as they may contribute to the maintenance of depressive symptomatology.
A Convenient Split‐Intein Tag Method for the Purification of Tagless Target Proteins
Authors: Cooper Merideth A. , Taris Joseph E. , Shi Changhua , Wood David W. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractIn this work, we describe a novel self‐cleaving tag technology based on a highly modified split‐intein cleaving element. In this system, the N‐terminal segment of an engineered split intein is expressed in E. coli and covalently immobilized onto a capture resin, while the smaller C‐terminal intein segment is fused to the N‐terminus of the desired target protein. The tagged target can then be expressed in an appropriate expression system, without concern for premature intein cleaving. During the purification, strong association between the intein segments effectively captures the tagged target onto the capture resin while simultaneously generating a cleaving‐competent intein complex. Once the complex is purified by washing the column, intein‐mediated cleavage and release of the tagless target is induced with a simple shift in buffer pH from 8.5 to 6.2. The result is a convenient and effective method for the purification of traceless and tagless target proteins, which can be used in characterization and functional studies. © 2018 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.