bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring social innovation through hybridity: the case of a Norwegian social enterprise
Authors: Hunt Sophie 
Published: November 2024

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore the connection between hybridity and social innovation as engendered in a work integration social enterprise (SE).

Design/methodology/approach
The research takes an abductive approach to a single in-depth case study of a Norwegian SE. The analysis is based on semi-structured interviews and is supported by observations via a site visit and document sources.

Findings
This in-depth study uncovers key underlying mechanisms of how hybridity in SE plays roles in enabling and stimulating social innovation. It reveals a two-tier distinction of hybridity as catalyst and facilitator. This has important implications for policies integrating SEs and for public authorities aiming to stimulate social innovation.

Research limitations/implications
The contextual quality of social innovation and the configuration of hybridity are in part borne from the context’s institutional structures and opportunity streams, which could limit the generalisability of the findings.

Originality/value
This paper contributes to the under-researched stream of SE studies focusing on social innovation. It makes explicit the connection between SE hybridity and social innovation, thereby advancing insights into their dynamics. In addition, it extends the author’s understanding of social innovation by revealing a catalytic dimension of the concept as engendered by SE. Lastly, the study makes an empirical and regional contribution to the scant SE research in Norway.
AI-driven optimisation of EHR systems implementation in Tanzania’s primary health care
Authors: Mwogosi Augustino 
Published: November 2024

Purpose
This study aims to explore how artificial intelligence (AI) can be used to overcome the challenges associated with implementing electronic health record (EHR) systems in primary health-care facilities in Tanzania. It aims to assess the technological, organisational and environmental barriers to EHR system implementation and investigate the role of AI in optimising these systems for more effective health-care delivery.

Design/methodology/approach
The study adopts a qualitative approach, using case studies from five regions in Tanzania: Dar es Salaam, Mwanza, Morogoro, Singida and Pwani. Data were collected through 26 semi-structured interviews with health-care providers, including medical doctors, nurses, pharmacists and IT personnel. The study applied the diffusion of innovation (DOI) theory and the technology-organisation-environment framework to assess the factors affecting EHR implementation and the potential integration of AI to enhance these systems.

Findings
Key challenges include unreliable network connectivity, frequent power outages, insufficient training and complex system usability issues. Despite these challenges, EHR systems have improved patient data accessibility and workflow efficiency. AI presents opportunities to address these challenges, mainly through predictive analytics, AI-driven encryption for data security and personalised training modules. AI integration can enhance system reliability, usability and security, ultimately improving health-care outcomes.

Originality/value
This study provides valuable insights into integrating AI to optimise EHR systems in resource-constrained environments like Tanzania. It addresses a gap in the literature by focusing on how AI can be adapted to low-resource settings and provides a framework for future EHR system implementations in similar contexts. The findings contribute to the global discourse on health-care informatics and the role of AI in improving health-care systems in developing countries.
Marine protection and environmental forcing influence fish‐derived nutrient cycling in kelp forests
Authors: Shrestha June , Peters Joseph R. , Caselle Jennifer E. , Hamilton Scott L. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Animal consumers excrete dissolved inorganic nitrogen, an essential nutrient for regulating primary production and macroalgal growth in the ocean. Often overlooked in attempts to explain kelp forest productivity, relatively little is known about the role of consumers in nutrient cycling in temperate systems, such as the magnitude of nutrients excreted and the factors that influence spatial and temporal variability in consumer‐derived nutrients.

To investigate the supply of ammonium (NH4+) excreted by the dominant members of the nearshore rocky reef fish community, we combined empirically‐measured relationships between excretion rate and body mass with data on fish density and size structure from visual SCUBA surveys conducted from 2005 to 2018 in the northern Channel Islands, California, USA.

The fish community excreted a substantial amount of ammonium to the kelp forest (mean: 95.5–131.3 μmol·m−2·h−1), however excretion varied substantially among sites and over time (range: 23.1–247.9 μmol·m−2·h−1). The ammonium supply was influenced by the establishment of marine protected areas (MPAs) that restricted fishing activities and environmental characteristics that influenced geographic and temporal shifts in the overarching fish community structure. Fish‐derived ammonium excretion rates were 50%–80% greater inside MPAs compared to areas open to fishing, while environmental and habitat characteristics (e.g. habitat vertical relief, kelp biomass, wave exposure, chlorophyll a) explained 85% of the spatial variation in community excretion rates. In contrast, large‐scale oceanographic phenomena (e.g. North Pacific Gyre Oscillation index) and past patterns of fish recruitment explained 57% of the temporal variation in nutrient excretion over the 14‐year time series.

Results suggest that fish‐derived ammonium may provide an important and underappreciated nutrient source to kelp beds, particularly during low‐nutrient periods (e.g. seasonal reductions in upwelling or El Niño‐Southern Oscillation events), and that fishing disrupts these nutrient cycling pathways. Fishes likely play a critical role in supporting the resiliency of kelp forest ecosystems by supplying a relatively constant source of reduced nitrogen that can be utilized by giant kelp and other macroalgae to fuel primary production of biogenic habitat.

Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
Assessment of the impact of quinoa protein modification on silver carp surimi gel quality and its utilization in 3D printing
Authors: Zhao Weiping , Liu Jiaqi , Wang Yue , Xu Qinggang , Han Ge , Prakash Sangeeta , Dong Xiuping 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis study aims to investigate the effects of different modified quinoa proteins (MQP) on the gel quality of silver carp surimi, as well as to explore their feasibility for three‐dimensional (3D) printing. Five different methods were employed to modify quinoa protein, water bath (WB), microwave (MW), ultrasonic (US), microwave followed by ultrasonic (M‐U), and ultrasonic followed by microwave (U‐M), to prepare compound surimi gels (MQPs). The results showed that the addition of quinoa protein improved the gel quality of surimi, while the MQP had an even better effect on enhancing the gel quality. Among them, QP modified by US exhibited a smoother surface, with an expressible water content of 9.78%, gel strength of 22.26 N·mm, and hardness of 27.59 N. The addition of all MQP reduced the cooking loss of surimi, promoted the formation of bound water, and enhanced the G′ and G″ values of MQPs. The characterization of MQP based on molecular driving force revealed that the addition of MQP enhanced the hydrophobic interactions within the surimi gel. This improvement is attributed to the structural changes in quinoa protein induced by the modification process, where the exposure of a large number of hydrophobic groups to water facilitated the formation of a more uniform network structure among the surimi proteins. Additionally, feasibility research on 3D printing of compound products was conducted, revealing that all MQPs exhibited good support and surface smoothness, making them suitable for applications in the field of food 3D printing.Practical ApplicationThis study investigated the effects of quinoa protein addition on the physical properties and mechanism of silver carp surimi under different modification methods, as well as the feasibility of 3D printing. The results demonstrated that incorporating modified quinoa protein improved the quality of the surimi gel. This research expands the range of surimi products and provides a theoretical foundation for the development and production of plant protein‐surimi compound products. Additionally, it contributes theoretical insights into the characteristic application of quinoa protein.
Rapid detection of poultry meat quality using S‐band to KU‐band radio‐frequency waves combined with machine learning—A proof of concept
Authors: Siddique Aftab , Gupta Ashish , Sawyer Jason , Garner Laura J. , Morey Amit 
Published: November 2024

AbstractRapid changes in consumer preferences for high‐quality animal‐based protein have driven the poultry industry to identify non‐invasive, in‐line processing technologies for rapid detection of muscle meat quality defects. At production plants, technologies like radio‐frequency waves (RF waves) can identify and separate myopathy‐conditioned meat, reducing misclassification errors due to human fatigue and inexperience. Previous studies have shown that advanced diagnostic tools combined with complex data analytics, such as support vector machines (SVMs) and backpropagation neural networks (BPNNs), can classify chicken breast myopathies post‐deboning. This study demonstrates RF wave use for myopathy detection at four processing stages. Using 107 (48‐day old) broilers, RF wave data in amplitude and phase were collected from live birds, pre‐chilled without giblets (WOGs), post‐chilled WOGs, and freshly deboned fillets (3–3.5 h post‐slaughter) and examined by hand‐palpation for woody breast categories (1—normal; 2—moderate; 3—severe). Data preprocessing involved false discovery rate and predictor analysis to identify specific signature frequencies and develop classification models using supervised machine learning (ML) algorithms. Variable clustering analysis identified seven to eight different frequencies at various processing stages. Preprocessed data with identified signature frequencies were used to develop classification models using BPNN and SVM. BPNN demonstrated superior classification accuracy compared to SVM, with accuracy ranges from 90.0% to 96.1% for live birds, 78.9% to 97.1% for pre‐chilled WOGs, 82.1% to 95.9% for post‐chilled WOGs, and 94.2% to 98.2% for deboned fillets. Integrating specific RF range devices or sensors with supervised ML algorithms like SVM and BPNN in poultry processing can effectively detect muscle myopathies at different processing steps during in‐line processing.
Identification of differentially expressed genes and polymorphisms related to intramuscular oleic‐to‐stearic fatty acid ratio in pigs
Authors: Valdés‐Hernández Jesús , Ramayo‐Caldas Yuliaxis , Passols Magí , Criado‐Mesas Lourdes , Castelló Anna , Sánchez Armand , Folch Josep M. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe intramuscular oleic‐to‐stearic fatty acid ratio (C18:1n‐9/C18:0) is an important indicator of the biosynthesis and desaturation of fatty acids in muscle. By using an RNA‐Seq approach in muscle samples from 32 BC1_DU (25% Iberian and 75% Duroc) pigs with divergent values (high: H and low: L) of C18:1n‐9/C18:0 fatty acids ratio, a total of 81 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. Functional analyses of DEGs indicate that mainly peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor signaling pathway (associated genes: PPARG, SCD, PLIN1, and FABP3) was overrepresented. Notably, SCD is directly involved in the conversion of C18:0 to C18:1n‐9, and PPARG is a transcription factor regulating lipid metabolism genes, including SCD. However, other DEGs (e.g., ACADVL, FADS3, EPHB2, HGFAC, NGFR, NR0B2, MDH1, MMAA, PPP1R1B, SFRP5, RAB30, and TRARG1) are plausible candidate genes to explain the phenotypic differences of the C18:1n‐9/C18:0 ratio. Interestingly, seven genetic variants within the SCD (including the well‐known AY487830:g.2228T>C SNP and other novel genotyped polymorphisms) are associated with two haplotypes. Although the haplotypes are segregating at different frequencies in the H and L groups, they do not fully explain the desaturation ratios or the SCD expression levels. A more complex model, including polyunsaturated fatty acids such as C18:2n‐6, C20:4n‐6, and C18:3n‐3, is suggested to explain the regulation of the C18:1n‐9/C18:0 desaturation ratio in porcine muscle.
Efficacy of high‐flow nasal oxygenation during induction of general anaesthesia in parturients living with obesity: a two‐centre, prospective, randomised clinical trial
Authors: Zhou Shuang‐Qiong , Lian Jian‐Feng , Zhou Yao , Cao Xiu‐Hong , Ni Xiu , Zhang Xiao‐Peng , Xu Zhen‐Dong , Xiao Quan‐Sheng , Liu Zhi‐Qiang 
Published: November 2024

SummaryIntroductionHigh‐flow nasal oxygenation has been shown to improve oxygenation during induction of anaesthesia in parturients who are not obese. However, data on the efficacy of high‐flow nasal oxygen in parturients living with obesity are lacking. This study investigated the effects of high‐flow nasal oxygenation on pre‐oxygenation and apnoea oxygenation during tracheal intubation in parturients living with obesity.MethodsThis prospective, randomised clinical trial was conducted at two tertiary hospitals and included parturients with BMI > 30 kg.m‐2 undergoing scheduled caesarean delivery under general anaesthesia. Parturients were allocated randomly to standard facemask or high‐flow nasal oxygen groups (oxygen flow rates 10 l.min‐1 and 50 l.min‐1, respectively). The primary outcome measure was arterial partial pressure of oxygen after 3 min of pre‐oxygenation.Results54 patients completed the study. The arterial partial pressure of oxygen after 3 min of pre‐oxygenation was significantly lower in parturients allocated to the standard facemask group compared with those allocated to the high‐flow nasal oxygen group (mean (SD) 40.1 (8.9) kPa vs. 53.8 (9.7) kPa, p < 0.001). End‐tidal oxygen concentration on commencing ventilation was also lower in parturients allocated to the standard facemask group compared with those allocated to the high flow‐nasal oxygen group (mean (SD) 78.3 (5.38)% vs. 86.2 (5.10)%, p < 0.001). The arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide post tracheal intubation and fetal outcomes were similar in both groups.DiscussionPre‐oxygenation using high‐flow nasal oxygenation provided a higher arterial partial pressure of oxygen and end‐tidal oxygen concentration during general anaesthesia induction than standard facemask oxygenation in parturients living with obesity; however, the differences were not clinically meaningful. High‐flow nasal oxygenation may be considered as an alternative option for pre‐oxygenation during rapid sequence induction in parturients living with obesity.
Validation of minimally invasive articular cartilage sparing technique for olecranon osteotomy
Authors: McClelland Damian , Blackwell John R , Dover Caroline , Grocott Natalie , Ogrodnik Peter J , Mataliotakis George I , Kim Edward 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe authors present a cadaveric validation of a minimally invasive articular cartilage preserving olecranon osteotomy technique for use in the operative management of distal humeral fractures.MethodsTwenty‐four elbows in six male and six female formaldehyde embalmed cadavers were dissected. With the cadaver placed in a lateral decubitus position, a posterior sub‐periosteal dissection was performed to the medial and lateral aspects of the olecranon at the level of the joint and Mini Hohmann retractors were inserted into each side of the ulnohumeral joint. The medial (M) and the lateral (L) points where the retractors touch the articular surface were marked with a fine marker pen (Crown point) and a line drawn between the two points. The midpoint formed the apex of the chevron osteotomy. An osteotomy was performed and analysis of the osteotomy relative to the ulnar bare area (UBA) was undertaken.ResultsThe distal boundary of the UBA can be reliably found at a distance of 4.8 ± 0.4 mm (females) and 5.4 ± 0.8 mm (males) distal to the Crown point using this technique.ConclusionIdentifying the Crown of the olecranon articular surface is a reliable and accurate technique which identifies the ulnar bare area reproducibly for the safe performance of a cartilage sparing, and minimally invasive, olecranon osteotomy for the surgical management of distal humeral fractures.
Bayesian Persuasion With Complementary Information
Authors: Xu Shuo 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTA decision maker chooses between the status quo and an alternative action under uncertainty. The uncertainty is two‐dimensional, and its realization in each dimension is independent. For each dimension, there is an expert who provides information only on that dimension. Both experts strictly prefer the alternative action and simultaneously provide information to the decision maker. We compare the experts' highest equilibrium payoff in this game with the payoff in an auxiliary game where they collude and can choose any information structure. We show that the experts strictly gain from collusion if and only if one of the experts can unilaterally persuade the decision maker to take the alternative action with positive probability.
Uncovering the Paradox of Affordable Innovation: The Divergent Effect of Innovativeness on Managers' Attitudes Toward Affordable Innovation
Authors: Gurtner Nadine , Gurtner Sebastian , Schaarschmidt Mario 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTAffordable innovation refers to new products and services that target customers with a low willingness or ability to pay. Although they can provide significant economic and societal benefits, managers often prefer premium innovations to affordable innovations. To understand the factors that lead managers to reject affordable innovations, we hypothesize several antecedents at the individual, firm, and product levels to the individual affordable innovation rejection attitude. We conduct a cross‐national study and test a structural equation model with 319 participants from Germany, the United States, and South Africa. The results show that individual innovativeness plays a central but contradictory role in managers' attitudes toward affordable innovation. While general innovativeness leads to positive attitudes toward affordable innovation, technological innovativeness drives rejection of affordable innovation. Individual perceptions of firm‐level and product‐level factors are also important. Individuals' rejection of affordable innovation in managerial contexts in turn leads to lower investment in affordable innovation projects. We corroborate and enrich these findings also in a qualitative follow‐up study. With this research, we contribute to the literature on innovation management by explaining the conditions under which managers reject affordable innovations.
PD‐1 blockade treatment in melanoma: Mechanism of response and tumor‐intrinsic resistance
Authors: Wang Tong , Ma Wenjie , Zou Zijian , Zhong Jingqin , Lin Xinyi , Liu Wanlin , Sun Wei , Hu Tu , Xu Yu , Chen Yong 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMalignant melanoma is characterized by high immunogenicity, genetic heterogeneity, and diverse pathological manifestations, affecting both skin and mucosa over the body. Pembrolizumab and nivolumab, both anti‐PD‐1 monoclonal antibodies, were approved by the US FDA for unresectable or metastatic melanoma in 2011 and 2014, respectively, with enduring and transformative outcomes. Despite marked clinical achievements, only a subset of patients manifested a complete response. Approximately 55% of melanoma patients exhibited primary resistance to PD‐1 antibodies, with nearly 25% developing secondary resistance within 2 years of treatment. Thus, there is a critical need to comprehensively elucidate the mechanisms underlying the efficacy and resistance to PD‐1 blockade. This review discusses the fundamental mechanisms of PD‐1 blockade, encompassing insights from T cells and B cells, and presents resistance to anti‐PD‐1 with a particular focus on tumoral‐intrinsic mechanisms in melanoma.
Association of Abnormal Body Weight and Allergic Rhinitis—A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Yeo Brian Sheng Yep , Guan Elaine Jiaxin , Ng Kaiwen , Lim Yun Sun , Goh Ryan Tsui Hon , Liu Xuandao , Phua Chu Qin , Tay Kaijun , Png Lu Hui , Xu Shuhui , Teo Neville Wei Yang , Charn Tze Choong 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveAllergic rhinitis (AR) is a prevalent inflammatory condition of the nasal mucosa, with significant burden worldwide. While studies have demonstrated a relationship between body mass index (BMI) and other atopic diseases, its association with AR is uncertain. This study aims to clarify the association between non‐normal BMI and AR.DesignAccording to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) recommendations, independent authors screened studies for eligibility, extracted data and assessed bias of included studies using the Newcastle–Ottawa scale and the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations (GRADE) framework. A random‐effects meta‐analysis was used to pool maximally covariate‐adjusted estimates. Additional subgroup and bias analyses were performed.Data SourcesPubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, SCOPUS and CINAHL were searched from inception to 14 January, 2024.Eligibility CriteriaObservational studies investigating the association between non‐normal BMI and AR in both children and adults.ResultsWe included 32 articles comprising 2,008,835 participants. The risk of bias was low (N = 20) or moderate (N = 12) and GRADE certainty of evidence was very low to low. Pooled cross‐sectional analyses indicated that obese children (OR = 0.99, 95% CI = 0.96–1.03, I2 = 0%), obese adults (OR = 1.11, 95% CI = 0.92–1.33, I2 = 73%), overweight children (OR = 1.02, 95% CI = 0.98–1.06, I2 = 35%), and overweight adults (OR = 1.13, 95% CI = 0.90–1.40, I2 = 0%) showed similar odds of AR compared to controls. Additionally, longitudinal analyses did not identify any evidence for an association between overweight (OR = 1.03, 95% CI = 0.85–1.24, I2 = 29%) or underweight (OR = 1.09, 95% CI = 0.77–1.54, I2 = 72%) children and AR risk. These results remained largely robust across various subgroups and sensitivity assessments.ConclusionAbnormal BMI may not be associated with AR. This study adds to the expanding literature on the association between non‐normal BMI and atopic diseases. Further prospective studies are needed to explore the longitudinal relationship between BMI and AR and the effect of weight loss interventions on AR, given the limits of existing literature.Trial RegistrationPROSPERO CRD42024503589