bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of 65 cm large caliber Dryseal sheaths to facilitate delivery of the Edwards SAPIEN valve to dysfunctional right ventricular outflow tracts
Authors: Kenny Damien , Morgan Gareth J. , Murphy Matthew , AlAlwi Khalid , Giugno Luca , Zablah Jenny , Carminati Mario , Walsh Kevin 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe Edwards SAPIEN valve and its delivery system may complicate transit through the right heart during transcatheter pulmonary valve replacement (tPVR). We report our early experience using a large diameter, 65 cm delivery sheath to facilitate delivery of the SAPIEN valve to the right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT).MethodsRetrospective analysis of all patients from three large congenital heart centers undergoing tPVR with the Edwards SAPIEN valve delivered with the 65 cm Gore Dryseal Sheath.ResultsOver a 12 month period, 30 patients (17 female) with median age 17.5 years (range 8–72) underwent attempted tPVR with the SAPIEN valve delivered using the 65 cm Dryseal sheath (20–26Fr). All procedures resulted in successful valve delivery to the target area. Twenty patients had a native RVOT. The most commonly used valve diameter was 29 mm (n = 15) with the majority of cases requiring a 26Fr Dryseal sheath (n = 20). One patient with severe RVOT stenosis underwent prestenting. Median procedure time was 100 min (59–225). No patient had increase in tricuspid valve regurgitation as a consequence of valve delivery. One patient required a synchronous cardioversion for intraprocedural VT and another required ECMO postprocedure due to severe pre‐existing left ventricular dysfunction. On median follow‐up of 5 months, all patients had mild or less pulmonary regurgitation. Median peak Doppler velocity across the pulmonary valve was 2.2 m/s (1.7–4). There were no clinically relevant complications relating to vascular access.ConclusionsUsing 65 cm Dryseal sheaths facilitates delivery of SAPIEN valves in patients with dysfunctional RVOTs.
Endovascular repair during complex thoracic aortic dissection using a micropore stent graft: Midterm follow‐up clinical outcomes
Authors: Wang Zhe , Wang Cheng , Li Fenghe , Zhao Yu 
Published: August 2019

AbstractObjectiveThis study explored the clinical efficacy and hemodynamic effects of the micropore stent graft (MSG) that could promote aortic remodeling and preserve important organ branches.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective analysis of 26 patients who underwent endovascular repair using an MSG for DeBakey types I and III TAD at our center between December 2014 and December 2017. The main efficacy parameters were rupture of the false lumen or dissection‐related death, conversion to open repair, secondary reintervention, branch vessel patency, and the hemodynamic effects of TAD at 12 months.ResultsDissection rupture, dissection‐related mortality, conversion to open repair, and secondary reintervention rates at 12 months were 0, 3.9, 0, and 0%, respectively. In the 24 patients with more than 6 months of follow‐up, micropore stents were implanted to cover 39 openings in aortic arch branches, 91.7% (22/24) presented with complete thrombosis in the false lumen, 8.3% (2/24) presented with partial thrombosis in the false lumen, 35.2% (6/17) presented with a thrombus in the false lumen that was completely absorbed, and all 39 branches were patent. After surgery, pressure peak value and fluctuation along with the degree and range of unstable blood flow in the aortic lumen decreased.ConclusionsFor type I and type III thoracic artic dissection, endovascular treatment with an MSG may be a safe and effective treatment option with a good midterm outcome.
Effects of different fertilization levels on the concentration of high molecular weight glutenin subunits of two spring, hard red bread wheat cultivars
Authors: Tóth Brigitta , van Biljon Angeline , Moloi Makoena Joyce , Labuschagne Maryke 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgrounds and objectivesHigh molecular weight gluten subunits (HMW‐GS) are generally considered to play a key role in gluten formation and structure and are closely related to wheat quality. In this study, two spring wheat cultivars (PAN3497 and SST806) with the same HMW‐GS composition (1Ax1, 1Bx7, 1By8, 1Dx2, and 1Dy12) were tested in the greenhouse, over 2 years, in order to determine how different genetic backgrounds, and low‐nitrogen and low‐phosphorus treatments, influenced the expression and quantity of the HMW‐GS, as measured by reverse‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatography (RP‐HPLC).FindingsCultivar effect was highly significant for all HMW‐GS, except for 1By8. A large treatment effect was found on subunits 1Ax1, 1Dy12, and 1By8. Cultivar‐by‐treatment interaction was highly significant and contributed to variation of subunit 1Dx2. Subunits 1Dy12 and 1By8 were highly influenced by low‐N conditions. Ratio of HMW‐GS x type/y type was higher for PAN3497 than for SST806. Furthermore, a strong treatment effect was observed for the ratio of x type/y type, which was 45% higher in PAN3497 under optimal and low‐N conditions, compared to SST806.ConclusionsThis study showed that fertilization level had a considerable effect on HMW‐GS composition and on FPC, with low‐N conditions having the largest influence, followed by a combination of low N and low P.Significance and noveltyThe results highlighted the importance of the y‐type subunits in the bread wheat quality breeding programs, especially under low‐N and low‐P growing conditions.
Electron‐Deficient Borinic Acid Polymers: Synthesis, Supramolecular Assembly, and Examination as Catalysts in Amide Bond Formation
Authors: Baraniak Monika K. , Lalancette Roger A. , Jäkle Frieder 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe Lewis acidic character of borinic‐acid‐functionalized polymers suggests broad potential applications in supramolecular materials, chemo‐ and biosensors, as well as supported catalysts. Two highly electron‐deficient borinic acid copolymers (3 a and 3 b) with variable steric hindrance at the boron center were prepared by reaction of aryldibromoboranes ArBBr2 (2, Ar=2,4‐Cl2Ph, 3,5‐Cl2Ph) with a 10 % stannylated polystyrene random copolymer, followed by conversion to the desired PS‐B(Ar)OH functionalities. The supramolecular assembly of these polymers through Lewis acid–Lewis base interactions and reversible covalent B−O−B bond formation was investigated. Exposure of a polymer solution of 3 a to pyridine triggered spontaneous gelation, whereas 3 b only gelled upon addition of molecular sieves to favor formation of boroxane crosslinks. The crosslinking process was readily reversed by addition of small amounts of water or wet solvent. The dynamic processes were studied in detail by variable‐temperature (VT) NMR by using molecular model compounds. The polymers and their corresponding model compounds were also examined as catalysts in the amide bond formation reaction between phenylacetic acid and benzylamine. The 3,5‐dichlorophenyl borinic acid derivatives proved to be the more effective catalysts. Mechanistic studies suggested that the borane Lewis acid‐catalyzed coupling involves initial acid‐induced protodeboronation to release the dichlorophenyl boronic acid as the active catalyst.
Towards Nonalternant Nanographenes through Self‐Promoted Intramolecular Indenoannulation Cascade by C−F Bond Activation
Authors: Akhmetov Vladimir , Feofanov Mikhail , Papaianina Olena , Troyanov Sergey , Amsharov Konstantin 
Published: August 2019

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue is the group of Konstantin Amsharov at Friedrich‐Alexander University Erlangen‐Nuernberg. The image depicts a snowball effect, illustrating how the PAH core becomes more and more prone to undergo indenoannulation as its size grows after each cyclization. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/chem.201902586.
Das Periodensystem der Elemente und Lothar Meyer
Authors: Boeck Gisela 
Published: August 2019

ZusammenfassungLothar Meyer suchte fast sein gesamtes wissenschaftliches Leben lang nach einer Erklärung der Döbereiner'schen Triaden und nach den kleinsten Bausteinen der Materie. Er verwarf die Prout'sche Hypothese nicht vollständig. Im Hinblick auf Voraussagen war Meyer sehr zurückhaltend, er hat sich auch nie deutlich dazu bekannt, ein Gesetz aufgefunden zu haben. Er erkannte die Notwendigkeit, die Atomgewichte noch besser zu bestimmen. Den besonderen Wert des Periodensystems sah er in seiner Rolle als Hilfsmittel in der Lehre, obwohl er selbst erkannt hatte, dass der Einzug in die Lehrbücher nur sehr zögerlich verlief. Die Bestätigung des Periodensystems durch die Atomtheorie und das Auffinden und Einordnen der Isotope hat Lothar Meyer nicht mehr erlebt.
Comparison of ablation outcomes of the second ablation procedure for recurrent atrial fibrillation using an ultra‐high‐resolution mapping system and conventional mappings system
Authors: Masuda Masaharu , Asai Mitsutoshi , Iida Osamu , Okamoto Shin , Ishihara Takayuki , Nanto Kiyonori , Kanda Takashi , Tsujimura Takuya , Matsuda Yasuhiro , Okuno Shota , Tsuji Aki , Mano Toshiaki 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe utility of an ultra‐high‐resolution electroanatomical mapping system (UHR‐EAM, Rhythmia) for repeat atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation has not been evaluated.HypothesisA second AF ablation procedure performed using UHR‐EAM may demonstrate different outcomes compared with that using a conventional electroanatomical mapping system (C‐EAM, CARTO3).MethodThis observational study enrolled consecutive patients who underwent a second AF ablation procedure using UHR‐EAM (n = 103) and C‐EAM (n = 153). The second ablation procedure included re‐isolation of reconnected pulmonary veins (PVs) and elimination of clinical or induced non‐PV AF triggers and atrial tachycardia (AT). Other empirical ablations were additionally conducted at the discretion of the operators.ResultsRe‐isolation of PVs was achieved in 196 patients who had ≥1 left atrial‐PV reconnection. The elimination rate of AT was higher in the UHR‐EAM group than the C‐EAM group (87% vs 65%, P = .040), while that of non‐PV AF triggers was similar (63% vs 63%, P = 1.00). The UHR‐EAM demonstrated shorter radiofrequency application time (21.8 ± 16.8 vs 28.0 ± 21.3 minutes, P = .017), but longer fluoroscopic time (26.2 ± 12.6 vs 21.4 ± 9.3 minutes, P = .0001). No severe complication developed. The total 1‐year AF/AT‐free survival rates were similar between the two groups (off AADs, 59.2% vs 56.2%, P = .62; on AADs, 65.0% vs 69.3%, P = .49).ConclusionThe efficacy and safety outcomes of repeat AF ablation using UHR‐EAM was comparable to those using C‐EAM.
The Landscape of the Spiked Tensor Model
Authors: Arous Gérard Ben , Mei Song , Montanari Andrea , Nica Mihai 
Published: August 2019

We consider the problem of estimating a large rank‐one tensor u⊗k ∈ (ℝn)⊗k, k ≥ 3, in Gaussian noise. Earlier work characterized a critical signal‐to‐noise ratio λ  Bayes = O(1) above which an ideal estimator achieves strictly positive correlation with the unknown vector of interest. Remarkably, no polynomial‐time algorithm is known that achieved this goal unless λ ≥ Cn(k − 2)/4, and even powerful semidefinite programming relaxations appear to fail for 1 ≪ λ ≪ n(k − 2)/4.In order to elucidate this behavior, we consider the maximum likelihood estimator, which requires maximizing a degree‐k homogeneous polynomial over the unit sphere in n dimensions. We compute the expected number of critical points and local maxima of this objective function and show that it is exponential in the dimensions n, and give exact formulas for the exponential growth rate. We show that (for λ larger than a constant) critical points are either very close to the unknown vector u or are confined in a band of width Θ(λ−1/(k − 1)) around the maximum circle that is orthogonal to u. For local maxima, this band shrinks to be of size Θ(λ−1/(k − 2)). These “uninformative” local maxima are likely to cause the failure of optimization algorithms. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Privacy of outsourced two‐party k‐means clustering
Authors: Cai Yunlu , Tang Chunming 
Published: August 2019

SummaryMany schemes for privacy‐preserving machine learning have been proposed over the past decade. Often, the entities want to keep the privacy of their data while performing machine learning tasks collaboratively, and institutions or end‐users are with limited computing and storage resources. To overcome these issues and to take benefits of cloud computing, it is possible to outsource the execution of a machine learning task to a computing service while retaining confidentiality of the participant's data. Clustering is one of the commonly used tasks in various machine learning and data mining applications. In this paper, we demonstrate that, by using homomorphic encryption, it is possible to outsource the execution of a two‐party k‐means clustering algorithm to a single cloud server while retaining confidentiality of the test data. To the best of our knowledge, ours is the first reasonable scheme to discuss the two‐party k‐means clustering algorithm to a single cloud server.
On‐chip evolution of combinational logic circuits using an improved genetic‐simulated annealing algorithm
Authors: Shang Qianyi , Chen Lijun , Peng Peng 
Published: August 2019

SummaryThis paper presents the on‐chip evolution system of combinational logic circuits by a new hybrid algorithm known as improved genetic‐simulated annealing algorithm (IGASA). IGASA is based on the concept and principles of genetic algorithm (GA) and simulated annealing (SA). The main idea is to combine GA's global search ability with the advantage of SA's fast convergence to reach an optimal solution. In this paper, a new mutation operation and a repeated annealing (RA) process are introduced to overcome the premature convergence of the standard GA and the large number of searches in the later period. An elitist strategy to enhance convergence characteristic of the proposed algorithm is incorporated to better speed up the evolution process. In addition, the new algorithm is implemented in a new evolvable platform using Intel Cyclone V FPGA with an embedded ARM microprocessor. Comparison of the performance of the improved algorithm to the pure GASA algorithm and standard GA is presented on a number of case studies. The experiment results demonstrate that feasible circuits are always achieved by the IGASA algorithm unlike with other algorithms and the number of generations required is less.
A Microelectronic Sensor Device Powered by a Small Implantable Biofuel Cell
Authors: Bollella Paolo , Lee Inhee , Blaauw David , Katz Evgeny 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBiocatalytic buckypaper electrodes modified with pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ)‐dependent glucose dehydrogenase and bilirubin oxidase for glucose oxidation and oxygen reduction, respectively, were prepared for their use in a biofuel cell. A small (millimeter‐scale; 2×3×2 mm3) enzyme‐based biofuel cell was tested in a model glucose‐containing aqueous solution, in human serum, and as an implanted device in a living gray garden slug (Deroceras reticulatum), producing electrical power in the range of 2–10 μW (depending on the glucose source). A microelectronic temperature‐sensing device equipped with a rechargeable supercapacitor, internal data memory and wireless data downloading capability was specifically designed for activation by the biofuel cell. The power management circuit in the device allowed the optimized use of the power provided by the biofuel cell dependent on the sensor operation activity. The whole system (power‐producing biofuel cell and power‐consuming sensor) operated autonomously by extracting electrical energy from the available environmental source, as exemplified by extracting power from the glucose‐containing hemolymph (blood substituting biofluid) in the slug to power the complete temperature sensor system and read out data wirelessly. Other sensor systems operating autonomously in remote locations based on the concept illustrated here are envisaged for monitoring different environmental conditions or can be specially designed for homeland security applications, particularly in detecting bioterrorism threats.
Negative‐Stain Transmission Electron Microscopy of Molecular Complexes for Image Analysis by 2D Class Averaging
Authors: Gallagher John R. , Kim Alexander J. , Gulati Neetu M. , Harris Audray K. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractNegative‐stain transmission electron microscopy (EM) is a technique that has provided nanometer resolution images of macromolecules for about 60 years. Developments in cryo‐EM image processing have maximized the information gained from averaging large numbers of particles. These developments can now be applied back to negative‐stain image analysis to ascertain domain level molecular structure (10 to 20 Å) more quickly and efficiently than possible by atomic resolution cryo‐EM. Using uranyl acetate stained molecular complexes of influenza hemagglutinin bound to Fab 441D6, we describe a simple and efficient means to collect several hundred micrographs with SerialEM. Using RELION, we illustrate how tens of thousands of complexes can be auto‐picked and classified to accurately describe the domain level topology of this unconventional hemagglutinin head‐domain epitope. By comparing to the cryo‐EM density map of the same complex, we show that questions about epitope mapping and conformational heterogeneity can readily be answered by this negative‐stain method. © 2019 The Authors.
3D Residual Strain in DKDP Crystals by Neutron Diffraction
Authors: Liu Fafu , Sun Xun , Sun Guangai , Cao Jianwu , Mu Xiaoming , Guo Zaizai , Yuan Qingxi 
Published: August 2019

AbstractNeutron diffraction technique is applied to study the three‐dimensional (3D) residual strains in K(H1−xDx)2PO4 (DKDP) crystals with various deuterium contents (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.99). It is found that the residual strains in the crystalline coordinate are at the magnitude of 10−3 to 10−4. The results show that the level of the macro‐strain in the crystal bulk is independent of the deuteration level. However, when the deuteration level is below 50%, the average of micro‐strain increases first with the increasing of deuteration level, then decreases when the deuteration level is in excess of 50%. According to the residual strains, the internal stresses are calculated through σij = Cijklεkl. Finally, the potential sources of the stresses in crystals are discussed and analyzed.
The impact of corporate social responsibility transparency on the financial performance, brand value, and sustainability level of IT companies
Authors: Alcaide González Maria Ángeles , De La Poza Plaza Elena , Guadalajara Olmeda Natividad 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe companies are aware of the impact that disseminating their corporate social responsibility (CSR) performance has on how shareholders or investors perceive them. This work analyses if disseminating CSR results affects their economic–financial results, their scores in open‐access sustainability ranking, their brand values, and also the credit ratings that agencies S&P and Moody's confer them. For this purpose, the only 13 companies of the IT sector occupying a top 100 brand rankings position were selected. The results reveal that large companies come over as being more transparent in terms of sustainability, but this transparency is not related to their financial behaviour. Brand rankings collect socio‐economic and environmental information, but only the transparency in social and environmental aspects explains the public‐access CRS rankings. Finally, the results also show that this transparency affects credit ratings.
Performance analysis of LTE physical layer using hardware cosimulation techniques and implementation on FPGA for communication systems
Authors: Venkataramanan V , Lakshmi S 
Published: August 2019

SummaryThe recent mobile networks provide large data access using long‐term evolution networks. Long‐term evolution networks are a third‐generation partnership project standard that provides different speed limits for uplink and downlink. The different network operators have different bandwidth requirements to provide different services. Long‐term evolution improves the efficiency of the network. The analysis of long‐term evolution is performed using different signal processing algorithms that require a realistic, flexible, and standard compliant simulation environment. This study emphasizes to measure the performance of long‐term evolution downlink and uplink physical layer based on Release 11, 12, and 13. The analysis of orthogonal frequency division multiple access for downlink and single‐carrier frequency division multiplexing access for uplink using different modulation schemes like quadrature amplitude modulation (4, 16, 64) and different antenna configurations in long‐term evolution physical layer is analyzed using hardware cosimulation platform.
A systematic investigation of forensic hair decontamination procedures and their limitations
Authors: Mantinieks Dylan , Wright Paul , Di Rago Matthew , Gerostamoulos Dimitri 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe effectiveness of decontamination procedures used for the removal of external drug contamination in forensic hair analysis is an ongoing debate. This investigation evaluated wash methods complying with Society of Hair Testing (SoHT) guidelines and their capacity to remove cocaine (COC) and methamphetamine (MA) from artificially contaminated hair. The most effective decontamination method was determined using a systematic approach, involving (1) an initial washing solvent screen, (2) optimization of wash duration, (3) comparison of sequential wash methods, and (4) reanalysis of clinical hair samples. For analysis, hair was subjected to micro‐pulverized methanolic extraction prior to quantitation by ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography−tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC−MS/MS). Methanol (MeOH) and 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 6) were the most effective organic and aqueous solvents, respectively, removing 28%–38% of COC and 16%–31% of MA. Wash durations longer than 30–60 minutes did not remove additional amounts, and a more efficient sequential wash method was subsequently developed. Despite this, the interpretation of reportable results relative to the SoHT cut‐off levels was unchanged for most clinical hair samples reanalyzed after washing by agitation for 30 minutes with MeOH. These findings highlight the inability of decontamination solvents to completely remove external COC and MA contamination from hair, including wash methods adhering to SoHT guidelines.