bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis represents corticomotoneuronal system failure
Authors: Eisen Andrew , Vucic Steve , Kiernan Matthew C. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSeveral decades have passed since the anterograde corticomotoneuronal hypothesis for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) was proposed. The intervening years have witnessed its emergent support based on anatomical, pathological, physiological, neuroimaging, and molecular biological studies. The evolution of an extensive corticomotoneuronal system appears restricted to the human species, with ALS representing a uniquely human disease. While some, very select non‐human primates have limited corticomotoneuronal projections, these tend to be absent in all other animals. From a general perspective, the early clinical features of ALS may be considered to reflect failure of the corticomotoneuronal system. The characteristic loss of skilled motor dexterity involving the limbs, and speech impairment through progressive bulbar dysfunction specifically involve those motor units having the strongest corticomotoneuronal projections. A similar explanation likely underlies the unique “split phenotypes” that have now been well characterized in ALS. Large Betz cells and other pyramidal corticomotoneuronal projecting neurons, with their extensive dendritic arborization, are particularly vulnerable to the elements of the ALS exposome such as aging, environmental stress and lifestyle changes. Progressive failure of the proteosome impairs nucleocytoplasmic shuffling and induces toxic but soluble TDP‐43 to aggregate in corticomotoneurons. Betz cell failure is further accentuated through dysfunction of its profuse dendritic arborizations. Clarification of system specific genomes and neural networks will likely promote the initiation of precision medicine approaches directed to support the key structure that underlies the neurological manifestations of ALS, the corticomotoneuronal system.
Formulation and Implicit Numerical Integration of a Kinematic Hardening Model for Unsaturated Soils
Authors: Monforte Lluís , Rouainia Mohamed 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTCurrently, our understanding of material‐scale deterioration resulting from meteorologically induced variations in pore water pressure and its significant impact on infrastructure slopes is limited. To bridge this knowledge gap, we have developed an extended kinematic hardening constitutive model for unsaturated soils that refines our understanding of weather‐driven deterioration mechanisms in heterogeneous clay soils. This model has the capability of predicting the irrecoverable degradation of strength and stiffness that has been shown to occur when soils undergo wetting and drying cycles. The model is equipped with a fully coupled and hysteretic water retention curve and a hysteretic loading–collapse curve and has the capability to predict the irrecoverable degradation of strength and stiffness that occurs during cyclic loading of soils. Here, we employ a fully implicit stress integration technique and give particular emphasis to deriving a consistent tangent operator, which includes the linearisation of the retention curve. The proposed algorithm is evaluated for efficiency and performance by simulating various stress and strain‐driven triaxial paths, and the accuracy of the integration technique is evaluated through the use of convergence curves.
Natural Products in the Prevention of Degenerative Bone and Joint Diseases: Mechanisms Based on the Regulation of Ferroptosis
Authors: Gao Kuanhui , Lv Longlong , Li Zhichao , Wang Chenmoji , Zhang Jiahao , Qiu Daodi , Xue Haipeng , Xu Zhanwang , Tan Guoqing 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTDegenerative bone and joint diseases (DBJDs), characterized by osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, and chronic inflammation of surrounding soft tissues, are systemic conditions primarily affecting the skeletal system. Ferroptosis, a programmed cell death pathway distinct from apoptosis, autophagy, and necroptosis. Accumulating evidence suggests that ferroptosis is intricately linked to the pathogenesis of DBJDs, and targeting its regulation could be beneficial in managing these conditions. Natural products, known for their anti‐inflammatory and antioxidant properties, have shown unique advantages in preventing DBJDs, potentially through modulating ferroptosis. This article provides an overview of the latest research on ferroptosis, with a focus on its role in the pathogenesis of DBJDs and the therapeutic potential of natural products targeting this cell death pathway, offering novel insights for the prevention and treatment of DBJDs.
Identification of Cannabidiolic and Cannabigerolic Acids as MTDL AChE, BuChE, and BACE‐1 Inhibitors Against Alzheimer's Disease by In Silico, In Vitro, and In Vivo Studies
Authors: Vitale Rosa Maria , Morace Andrea Maria , D'Errico Antonio , Ricciardi Federica , Fusco Antimo , Boccella Serena , Guida Francesca , Nasso Rosarita , Rading Sebastian , Karsak Meliha , Caprioglio Diego , Iannotti Fabio Arturo , Arcone Rosaria , Luongo Livio , Masullo Mariorosario , Maione Sabatino , Amodeo Pietro 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTCannabidiolic (CBDA) and cannabigerolic (CBGA) acids are naturally occurring compounds from Cannabis sativa plant, previously identified by us as dual PPARα/γ agonists. Since the development of multitarget‐directed ligands (MTDL) represents a valuable strategy to alleviate and slow down the progression of multifactorial diseases, we evaluated the potential ability of CBDA and CBGA to also inhibit enzymes involved in the modulation of the cholinergic tone and/or β‐amyloid production. A multidisciplinary approach based on computational and biochemical studies was pursued on selected enzymes, followed by behavioral and electrophysiological experiments in an AD mouse model. The β‐arrestin assay on GPR109A and qPCR on TRPM7 were also carried out. CBDA and CBGA are effective on both acetyl‐ and butyryl‐cholinesterases (AChE/BuChE), as well as on β‐secretase‐1 (BACE‐1) enzymes in a low micromolar range, and they also prevent aggregation of β‐amyloid fibrils. Computational studies provided a rationale for the competitive (AChE) vs. noncompetitive (BuChE) inhibitory profile of the two ligands. The repeated treatment with CBDA and CBGA (10 mg/kg, i.p.) improved the cognitive deficit induced by the β‐amyloid peptide. A recovery of the long‐term potentiation in the hippocampus was observed, where the treatment with CBGA and CBDA also restored the physiological expression level of TRPM7, a receptor channel involved in neurodegenerative diseases. We also showed that these compounds do not stimulate GPR109A in β‐arrestin assay. Collectively, these data broaden the pharmacological profile of CBDA and CBGA and suggest their potential use as novel anti‐AD MTDLs.
Analytical study on plastic loosening zone of weak surrounding rocks tunnel in high cold areas
Authors: Li Anrun , Li Hao , Shu Xiaoyun , Xu Xueyong 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe analysis of plastic loosening zone of tunnels with cold condition, high in situ stress, and weak stratum is the key scientific problem of tunnel construction in cold areas. Based on the unified strength theory and considering the coupling effect of high in situ stress and low‐temperature field, the analytical model of the plastic loosening zone of tunnel surrounding rocks was proposed, and the influence laws of physical parameters (initial ground stress, freezing temperature, excavation radius, and intermediate principal stress) was explored. The results illustrate that: (1) with the coupling of low temperature and stress fields, the in‐situ stress has a more significant effect on the radius of the plastic loosening zone of the tunnel surrounding rocks, showing a nonlinear correlation. When the in situ stress is small, the influence of the temperature field on the radius of the plastic loosening zone is more obvious. (2) The radius of the plastic loosening zone of the tunnel surrounding rocks increases synchronously with the excavation radius and gradually decreases with the increase of the intermediate principal stress. (3) The greater the temperature difference in the low‐temperature field, the tunnel stability has a more significant response to the intermediate principal stress and is positively correlated with the coefficient of the intermediate principal stress. (4) In the actual project, the proposed model can well describe the mechanical behavior and deformation characteristics of tunnel surrounding rocks in low‐temperature environment, showing applicability. The research results are expected to provide a theoretical basis for the study of tunnel stability in cold areas.
Creating Cation Vacancies in BiOCl Nanosheets Toward Exceptional Visible‐Light‐Driven Photocatalytic CO2 Reduction
Authors: Zhao Lulu , Wang Jinguo , Yan Ruifang , Wang Shuo , Liao Ziyi , Yang Hongli , Yang Dongjiang , Hou Huilin , Yang Weiyou 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBiOCl‐based materials have emerged as promising photocatalysts for converting CO2 into valuable products and fuels. However, challenges such as low light absorption and inefficient charge carrier separation require effective solutions, with vacancy engineering offering a promising approach. Current research primarily focuses on anion vacancies, leaving cation vacancies less explored. In contrast, this study presents a novel method to enhance visible‐light‐driven photocatalysts by Bi cation vacancies in ultrathin BiOCl nanosheets through a straightforward hydrochloric acid etching process (HAE‐BiOCl). These introduced Bi vacancies not only expand the light absorption range and enhance carrier separation, but also serve as active sites for CO2 adsorption. Additionally, Bi vacancies can effectively lower the activation energy of COOH− species and thereby enhance overall reaction activity. As a result, the HAE‐BiOCl catalyst exhibits exceptional photocatalytic CO2 reduction performance without the need for co‐catalysts or sacrificial agents. It achieves high CO generation rates of 68.39 and 17.43 µmol g−1 h−1 under 300 W Xe lamp and visible light irradiation, respectively. These rates are significantly higher compared to counterparts without vacancy creation and surpass those of most reported Bi‐based photocatalysts. This study underscores the potential of inducing cation vacancies via acid etching as a valuable strategy for advancing photocatalysis.
One‐Step Synthesis of NiCo‐LDH@Ni(OH)2 Heterostructure Foams on Biomass‐Derived Porous Carbon for High‐Performance Supercapacitors
Authors: Yang Siwen , Li Mengqian , He Xiaoran , Li Na , Wang Xin , Liang Shuang , Sun Zhanying , An Haoran 
Published: November 2024

AbstractLayered double hydroxides (LDHs) have attracted much attention as pseudocapacitor supercapacitor electrodes because of their high theoretical specific capacity. However, LDHs have drawbacks such as poor electrical conductivity, and their specific capacities are lower than the theoretical values. In this work, NNCLDH@OPC electrodes are constructed via in situ synthesis of heterostructure foams (NNCLDH) consisting of NiCo‐LDH and Ni(OH)2 on pomelo peel‐derived porous carbon (OPC) through a one‐step solvothermal method using ZIF‐67 as a template. Owing to the synergistic effect of the 3D nanofoam structure and the multicomponent heterostructure as well as the conductive porous carbon support, the NNCLDH/OPC exhibited ultrahigh electrochemical performance as well as excellent cycling stability: a specific capacity of 3290 F g−1 at 1 A g−1 and a capacitance retention of 77.8% after 4000 cycles at a current density of 10 A g−1. In addition, the assembled NNCLDH@OPC//OPC asymmetric supercapacitor (ASC) has a maximum energy density of 51 Wh kg−1 with a power density of 812 W kg−1 and a maximum power density of 16 kW kg−1 at a current density of 20 A g−1. These results demonstrate the significant application potential of NNCLDH/OPC composites in supercapacitor electrodes.
Understanding of a Ni‐Rich O3‐Layered Cathode for Sodium‐Ion Batteries: Synthesis Mechanism and Al‐Gradient Doping
Authors: Wang Binglu , Kong Xiangze , Obrezkov Filipp , Llanos Princess Stephanie , Sainio Jani , Bogdanova Alisa R. , Kobets Anna , Kankaanpää Timo , Kallio Tanja 
Published: November 2024

AbstractO3‐type NaNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2 (NaNMC811) cathode active materials for sodium–ion batteries (SIBs), with a theoretical high specific capacity (∼ 187 mAh g−1), are in the preliminary exploration stage. This study comprehensively investigates NaNMC811 from multiple perspectives. For the first time, the phase evolution ( ‐ ‐ ) during the solid‐state synthesis is systemically investigated, which elucidates in‐depth the mechanisms of the thermal sodiation process. Furthermore, an Al‐gradient doping of NaNMC811 was successfully implemented through Al2O3 coating on the cathode active material (CAM) precursor. The modified Al−NaNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2 (Al‐NaNMC811) exhibits excellent electrochemical dynamics and performance, maintaining a specific capacity above 100 mAh g−1 after 100 cycles at 0.1 C (1.5–4.1 V) while providing a promising capacity retention of 63%. Additionally, the material demonstrates excellent rate capabilities, retaining a specific capacity of 107 mAh g−1 at 5 C. Compared to pristine NaNMC811, the modified Al‐NaNMC811 is proven to have improved electrochemical kinetics with a higher Na+ diffusion coefficient due to dilated (003) interplanar spacing, and a more stable structure during the electrochemical charge–discharge processes, which is attributed to stronger Al–O bond energy. Understanding phase formations during the synthesis and comprehensive insight in the gradient doping for O3‐type NaNMC811 CAMs guides further development of next‐generation SIBs materials.
Infrared Thermography of Turbulence Patterns of Operational Wind Turbine Rotor Blades Supported With High‐Resolution Photography: KI‐VISIR Dataset
Authors: Chaudhuri Somsubhro , Stamm Michael , Lapšanská Ivana , Lançon Thibault , Osterbrink Lars , Driebe Thomas , Hein Daniel , Harendt René 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTWith increasing wind energy capacity and installation of wind turbines, new inspection techniques are being explored to examine wind turbine rotor blades, especially during operation. A common result of surface damage phenomena (such as leading edge erosion) is the premature transition of laminar to turbulent flow on the surface of rotor blades. In the KI‐VISIR (Künstliche Intelligenz Visuell und Infrarot Thermografie—Artificial Intelligence‐Visual and Infrared Thermography) project, infrared thermography is used as an inspection tool to capture so‐called thermal turbulence patterns (TTPs) that result from such surface contamination or damage. To complement the thermographic inspections, high‐resolution photography is performed to visualise, in detail, the sites where these turbulence patterns initiate. A convolutional neural network (CNN) was developed and used to detect and localise turbulence patterns. A unique dataset combining the thermograms and visual images of operational wind turbine rotor blades has been provided, along with the simplified annotations for the turbulence patterns. Additional tools are available to allow users to use the data requiring only basic Python programming skills.
Implementation of clinical breast examination screening programme as part of primary care in Vietnam: An analysis of contextual factors
Authors: Ngan Tran Thu , Minh Hoang Van , Donnelly Michael , O'Neill Ciaran 
Published: November 2024

AbstractClinical breast examination (CBE) screening for breast cancer in Vietnam was proved to be cost‐effective and acceptable to women. However, the outcomes of the implementation of such proposed programme are unknown. To inform the design and implementation planning of the proposed screening programme, this study investigated and analysed the contextual factors of implementing a CBE programme as part of primary care in Vietnam. Regarding methods, the Breast Health Global Initiative Framework and its seven contextual domains for breast cancer health care (including i. epidemiological, ii. policy/legal, iii. geographical/environmental, iv. service and organisational, v. financial, vi. social and economic, vii. cultural and psychosocial) guided the programme implementation analysis. Literature review, documentary analysis of polices, and key informant interviews (with representatives of health authorities at all four levels of Vietnam health system) were used to gather data for each domain. The results show that Vietnam's policy context pointed to the focus on cancer early detection through screening. According to key informants, district level was the most appropriate level for organising and delivering a CBE programme, and only doctors should perform a CBE. Knowledge about breast cancer and perceived susceptibility to receiving a breast cancer diagnosis was positively associated with CBE uptake. In conclusions, the current policy framework supports the implementation of a CBE screening programme in Vietnam. CBE should be performed by doctors, at the district level, and alongside health promotion.
Heat and mass transfer analysis in flow of Walter's B nanofluid: A numerical study of dual solutions
Authors: Sarfraz Mahnoor , Muhammad Khursheed , Alrihieli Haifaa F , Abdelmohimen Mostafa A. H. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the behavior of Walter's liquid B fluid over a biaxially stretching/shrinking surface for Homann stagnation point flow, focusing on the rheological properties that are crucial for understanding physical phenomena in engineering and industrial processes. The problem is modeled using Buongiorno's model in the presence of a permeable surface subject to heat generation/absorption, Ohmic heating, and chemical reactions influenced by Arrhenius activation energy. The governing partial differential equations are solved numerically using an appropriate similarity transformation, and the results are graphically analyzed via MATLAB's bvp5c solver. The study highlights the importance of characterizing the intricate properties of viscoelastic fluids, with potential applications in biomedical engineering and materials science. The findings reveal the coexistence of two distinct flow regimes and dual solutions are obtained. It is noted that the activation energy parameter is shown to enhance mass distribution in both solutions, while chemical reactions accelerate reactant conversion but reduce mass distribution. Additionally, an increase in viscoelasticity shifts the fluid's behavior towards elasticity, creating greater resistance to shear deformation and reducing both velocity profiles.
Unveiling the Collaborative Dynamics of Clusters in Enhancing Cooperation for Green Marketing Initiatives: A Conceptual Model
Authors: Mazandarani Mohammad Reza , Royo-Vela Marcelo 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn the current business landscape, where prioritizing sustainability has become imperative, cooperation in developing green marketing takes center stage. Companies are urged to adopt innovative approaches, transcending individual interests in favor of a collective commitment to the greater good. In this transformative journey, cluster organizations emerge as facilitators, leveraging their inherent advantages to propel and support such innovative endeavors. However, despite the growing scholarly attention toward green marketing and the diminishing significance of geographical proximity in communication, there remains a need for further investigation into the effectiveness of clusters for green marketing initiatives. Accordingly, this paper aims to conceptualize how clusters, leveraging their non-spatial proximity advantages, can foster cooperation for green marketing initiatives.Clusters are influenced by firm relationships such as affiliation, coordination, collaboration, and strategic networks. These relationships influence the degree of non-spatial proximities such as social, cognitive, institutional, and organizational dimensions. Moreover, each facet of non-spatial proximity serves as a foundation for distinct forms of cooperation in green marketing. This framework posits that social proximity fosters research collaboration and knowledge sharing, cognitive proximity facilitates the exchange of resources and expertise, institutional proximity supports advocacy for policy initiatives, and at the apex of cooperative endeavors, organizational proximity drives joint marketing initiatives and innovation. This conceptual model offers practical guidance and paves the way for more in-depth examinations in subsequent studies.
The q-Schwarzian and Liouville gravity
Authors: Blommaert Andreas , Mertens Thomas G. , Yao Shunyu 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We present a new holographic duality between q-Schwarzian quantum mechanics and Liouville gravity. The q-Schwarzian is a one parameter deformation of the Schwarzian, which is dual to JT gravity and describes the low energy sector of SYK. We show that the q-Schwarzian in turn is dual to sinh dilaton gravity. This one parameter deformation of JT gravity can be rewritten as Liouville gravity. We match the thermodynamics and classical two point function between q-Schwarzian and Liouville gravity. We further prove the duality on the quantum level by rewriting sinh dilaton gravity as a topological gauge theory, and showing that the latter equals the q-Schwarzian. As the q-Schwarzian can be quantized exactly, this duality can be viewed as an exact solution of sinh dilaton gravity on the disk topology. For real q, this q-Schwarzian corresponds to double-scaled SYK and is dual to a sine dilaton gravity.
Comparison of ante- and postmortem ventricular wall thickness using echocardiography and autopsy findings
Authors: Lohner L. , Ondruschka B. , Garland J. , Tse R. , Suling A. I. , Sinning C. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn autopsy practice, the thickness of ventricular walls is one of the parameters used to identify cardiac hypertrophy. The presented study aimed to compare ante- and postmortem measurements of ventricular wall thickness, (i) to determine a postmortem standardized localization and dissection method for ventricular wall measurements, and (ii) to determine the ability of postmortem measurements in recognition of antemortem hypertrophy. A single-center prospective study was conducted at the Institute of Legal Medicine in Hamburg, Germany. Sixty hearts were dissected alternating by the inflow-outflow or short-axis method, and the ventricular walls were measured at different locations and compared with the echocardiographic values of the end-diastolic phase during life of these individuals. The results showed measurement differences between the autoptic and echocardiographic values—for the left ventricle between 3.3 and 5.2 mm, for the right ventricle between 0.2 and 1.1 mm, and for the septum between 1.3 and 1.4 mm. Diagnostic performance of recognizing antemortem hypertrophy with postmortem measurement was poor, except for measuring the right ventricle and septum with the short-axis method (area under the ROC curve of 0.72 and 0.82, respectively). According to the results, cardiac changes may occur postmortem and need to be considered when used for diagnosing cardiac pathology. The postmortem diagnosis of left or right ventricular hypertrophy should always be made in conjunction with other, particularly cardiac, autopsy findings. An autoptic diagnosis of hypertrophy solely by a ventricular wall thickness > 15 mm or > 5 mm alone is not sufficient.