bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A transmissible RNA pathway in honey bees
Authors: Maori Eyal , Garbian Yael , Kunik Vered , Mozes-Koch Rita , Malka Osnat , Kalev Haim , Sabath Niv , Sela Ilan , Shafir Sharoni 
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACTOne of the characteristics of RNA interference (RNAi) is systemic spread of the silencing signal among cells and tissues throughout the organism. Systemic RNAi, initiated by double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) ingestion, has been reported in diverse invertebrates, including honey bees, demonstrating environmental RNA uptake that undermines homologous gene expression. However, the question why any organism would take up RNA from the environment has remained largely unanswered. Here, we report on horizontal RNA flow among honey bees mediated by secretion and ingestion of worker and royal jelly diets. We show that ingested dsRNA spreads through the bee’s hemolymph associated with a protein complex. The systemic dsRNA is secreted with the jelly and delivered to larvae via ingestion. Furthermore, we demonstrate that transmission of jelly-secreted dsRNA to larvae is biologically active and triggers gene knockdown that lasts into adulthood. Finally, RNA extracted from worker and royal jellies harbor differential naturally occurring RNA populations. Some of these RNAs corresponded to honey bee protein coding genes, transposable elements, non-coding RNA as well as bacteria, fungi and viruses. These results reveal an inherent property of honey bees to share RNA among individuals and generations. Thus, our findings suggest a transmissible RNA pathway, playing a role in social immunity and epigenetic signaling between honey bees and potentially among other closely interacting organisms.SIGNIFICANCEHoney bees are eusocial insects, living in a colony that is often described as a superorganism. RNA mobility among cells of an organism has been documented in plants and animals. Here we show that RNA spreads further in honey bees, and is horizontally transferred between individuals and across generations. We found that honey bees share biologically active RNA through secretion and ingestion of worker and royal jellies. Such RNA initiates RNA interference, which is a known defense mechanism against viral infection. Furthermore, we characterized diverse RNA profiles of worker and royal jelly, including fragmented viral RNA. Our findings demonstrate a transmissible RNA pathway with potential roles in social immunity and epigenetic signaling among members of the hive.
Modulation of mitochondrial Hsp90 (TRAP1) ATPase activity by calcium and magnesium
Authors: Elnatan Daniel , Agard David A. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe Hsp90 protein family are ATP-dependent molecular chaperones that maintain protein homeostasis and regulate many essential cellular processes. Higher eukaryotic cells have organelle-specific Hsp90 paralogs that are adapted to each unique sub-cellular environment. The mitochondrial Hsp90, TRAP1, supports the folding and activity of electron transport components and is increasingly being appreciated as a critical player in mitochondrial signaling. It is well known that calcium plays an important regulatory role in mitochondria and can even accumulate to much higher concentrations than in the cytoplasm. Surprisingly, we find that calcium can replace the requirement for magnesium to support TRAP1 ATPase activity. Using anomalous x-ray diffraction, we reveal a novel calcium-binding site within the TRAP1 nucleotide-binding pocket located near the ATP α-phosphate and completely distinct from the magnesium site adjacent to the β and γ-phosphates. In the presence of magnesium, ATP hydrolysis by TRAP1, as with other Hsp90s, is non-cooperative, whereas calcium binding results in cooperative ATP hydrolysis by the two protomers within the Hsp90 dimer. The structural data suggest a mechanism for the cooperative behavior. Owing to the cooperativity, at high ATP concentrations, ATPase activity is higher with calcium, whereas the converse is true at low ATP concentrations. Integrating these observations, we propose a model where the divalent cations choice can control switching between non-cooperative and cooperative TRAP1 ATPase mechanisms in response ATP concentrations. This may facilitate coordination between cellular energetics, mitochondrial signaling, and protein homeostasis via alterations in the TRAP1 ATP-driven cycle.
Real-time visualization and quantification of human Cytomegalovirus replication in living cells using the ANCHOR DNA labeling technology
Authors: Mariamé Bernard , Kappler-Gratias Sandrine , Kappler Martin , Balor Stéphanie , Gallardo Franck , Bystricky Kerstin 
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACTHuman cytomegalovirus (HCMV) induces latent life-long infections in all human populations. Depending on geographic area and socio-economic conditions between 30 to nearly 100% of individuals are affected. The biology of this virus is difficult to explore due to its extreme sophistication and the lack of pertinent animal model. Here we present the first application of the ANCHOR DNA labeling system to a herpes virus, allowing real time imaging and direct monitoring of HCMV infection and replication in human living cells. The ANCHOR system is composed of a protein (OR) which specifically binds to a short, non-repetitive DNA target sequence (ANCH) and spreads onto neighboring sequences due to protein oligomerization. If OR protein is fused to GFP, this accumulation results in a site specific fluorescent focus. We have created a recombinant ANCHOR-HCMV harboring an ANCH target sequence and the gene encoding the cognate OR-GFP fusion protein. Infection of permissive cells with ANCHOR-HCMV enables visualization of the nearly complete viral cycle until cell fragmentation and death. Quantitative analysis of infection kinetics and of viral DNA replication revealed cell-type specific behavior of HCMV and sensitivity to inhibitors. Our results show that the ANCHOR technology is a very efficient tool for the study of complex DNA viruses and new highly promising biotechnology applications.IMPORTANCEThe ANCHOR technology is to date the most powerful tool to follow and quantify the replication of HCMV in living cells and to gain new insights into its biology. This technology is applicable to virtually any DNA virus or virus presenting a dsDNA phase, paving the way to infection imaging in various cell lines or even in animal models and opening fascinating fundamental and applied prospects. Associated to high content automated microscopy, this technology permitted rapid, robust and precise determination of Ganciclovir IC50 and IC90 on HCMV replication, with minimal hands-on investment. To search for new antiviral activities, the experiment is easy to up-grade towards efficient and cost-effective screening of large chemical libraries. The simple infection of permissive cells with ANCHOR-viruses in the presence of a compound of interest may even provide a first estimation about the stage of the viral cycle this molecule is acting upon.
Ectopic expression ofHoxb1induces cardiac and craniofacial malformations
Authors: Zaffran Stéphane , Odelin Gaёlle , Stefanovic Sonia , Lescroart Fabienne , Etchevers Heather C. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractMembers of the large family of Hox transcription factors are encoded by genes whose tightly regulated expression in development and in space within different embryonic tissues confer positional identity from the neck to the tips of the limbs. Many structures of the face, head and heart develop from cell populations expressing few or noHoxgenes.Hoxb1is the member of its chromosomal cluster expressed in the most rostral domain during vertebrate development, but never by the multipotent neural crest cell population anterior to the cerebellum. We have developed a novel floxed transgenic mouse line,CAG-Hoxb1,-EGFP (CAG-Hoxb1), which upon recombination by Cre recombinase conditionally induces robustHoxb1andeGFPover-expression. When induced within the neural crest lineage, pups die at birth. A variable phenotype develops from E11.5 on, associating frontonasal hypoplasia/aplasia, micrognathia/agnathia, major ocular and forebrain anomalies, and cardiovascular malformations. Neural crest derivatives in the body appear unaffected. Transcription of effectors of developmental signaling pathways (Bmp, Shh, Vegfa) and transcription factors (Pax3, Sox9) is altered in mutants. These outcomes emphasize that repression ofHoxb1, along with other paralog group 1 and 2Hoxgenes, is strictly necessary in anterior cephalic NC for craniofacial, visual, auditory and cardiovascular development.
Varieties of the plant Ctenante oppenheimiana: A colorful enigma of evolution
Authors: Filho Humberto A. , Bruno Odemir M. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe plant Ctenante oppenheimiana presents an interesting contrast of colors in the abaxial epidermis. A striking feature is that the stomata are green and cover a purple pavement where the pavement cells have green cellular walls. These characteristics have been used in studies about ecophysiology and phenotypic plasticity. However, the existence of a second tricolor variety of the plant make these characteristics even more heterogeneous and introduce new paradigms of the physiological role underlying this morphology. In this work we show by optical microscopy images the striking differences between the varieties bicolor and tricolor of the plant Ctenante oppenheimiana
Genomic resources forGoniozus legneri,Aleochara bilineataandPaykullia maculata, representing three independent origins of the parasitoid lifestyle in insects
Authors: Kraaijeveld Ken , Neleman Peter , Mariën Janine , de Meijer Emile , Ellers Jacintha 
Published: April 2018

AbstractParasitoid insects are important model systems for a multitude of biological research topics and widely used as biological control agents against insect pests. While the parasitoid lifestyle has evolved numerous times in different insect groups, research has focused almost exclusively on Hymenoptera from the parasitica clade. The genomes of several members of this group have been sequenced, but no genomic resources are available from any of the other, independent evolutionary origins of the parasitoid lifestyle. Our aim here was to develop genomic resources for three parasitoid insects outside the parasitica. We present draft genome assemblies forGoniozus legneri, a parasitoid Hymenopteran more closely related to the non-parasitoid wasps and bees than to the parasitica wasps, the Coleopteran parasitoidAleochara bilineataand the Dipteran parasitoidPaykullia maculata.The genome assemblies are fragmented, but complete in terms of gene content. We also provide preliminary structural annotations. We anticipate that these genomic resources will be valuable for testing the generality of findings obtained from parasitica wasps in future comparative studies.Data availabilityThe Whole Genome Shotgun projects have been deposited at DDBJ/ENA/GenBank under the accessions NCVS00000000 (G. legneri), NBZA00000000 (A. bilineata) and NDXZ00000000 (P. maculata).The versions described in this paper are versions NCVS01000000, NBZA01000000 and NDXZ01000000, respectively. Mapped reads and genome annotations are available throughhttp://parasitoids.labs.vu.nl/parasitoids/. This website also includes genome browsers and viroblast instances for each genome.
The formation of a cross-selling initiative climate and its interplay with service climate
Authors: Yu Ting , de Ruyter Ko , Patterson Paul , Chen Ching-Fu 
Published: April 2018

PurposeThis study aims to explore the formation and consequences of a cross-selling initiative climate, as well as how a service climate, which provides an important boundary condition, affects both its formation and its ultimate impact on service-sales performance. This article identifies two important predictors of a cross-selling initiative climate: frontline employees’ perceptions of supervisors’ bottom-line mentality and their own sense of accountability.Design/methodology/approachThe multilevel data set includes 180 frontline staff and supervisors (team leaders) from 31 teams employed by a spa/beauty salon chain. Hierarchical linear modelling and partial least squares methods serve to analyse the data.FindingsSupervisors’ bottom-line mentality disrupts a cross-selling initiative climate. A sense of accountability exerts a positive impact at both individual and team levels. A service climate at the team level weakens the impact of a sense of accountability on a cross-selling initiative climate. A cross-selling initiative climate has a positive effect on team-level service-sales performance, but this effect is weakened by the service climate.Originality/valueThis study conceptualises an important frontline work unit attribute as a climate. It offers an initial argument that a cross-selling initiative climate is a central factor driving a work unit’s service-sales performance, which can increase firms’ productivity and competitive advantages. With this initial attempt to explore the antecedents and consequences of a cross-selling initiative climate, the study also offers novel insights into the interplay between a service and a cross-selling initiative climate.
CSR types and the moderating role of corporate competence
Authors: Chen Xiaoye , Huang Rong , Yang Zhiyong , Dube Laurette 
Published: April 2018

PurposeThis paper aims to investigate the impact of different types of corporate social responsibility (CSR; i.e. value-creating CSR, promotional CSR and philanthropic CSR) on consumer responses and the moderating role of corporate competence.Design/methodology/approachThe authors tested the hypotheses by using two empirical studies – a survey and an experimental study. The evidence is generated based on generalized linear model repeated-measures ANOVAs for the survey study and two-way factorial ANOVAs for the experimental study.FindingsThe findings show that in general, consumers respond to value-creating CSR more favorably than to philanthropic CSR or promotional CSR. In addition, corporate competence moderates consumers’ responses to different types of CSR in such a way that promotional CSR is more likely to have the desired effects when carried out by low-competency rather than by high-competency firms, whereas value-creating CSR is more effective for high-competency firms than for low-competency ones. Philanthropic CSR works equally in both types of firms.Research limitations/implicationsThis research answers a long-term call to study the differential consumer effects of various CSR types. It also identifies perceived corporate competence, an important consumer-based corporate factor, as a potential moderator of consumers’ response to CSR types.Practical implicationsArmed with the findings, companies can choose CSR practices that fit with their company characteristics. This research offers important and specific managerial implications to firms with different company profiles on their CSR choices.Originality/valueGiven that today’s managers are faced with the challenge of selecting desirable CSR activities from a group of options, the authors answered the call by studying the differential effects of a wide array of CSR choices and provide important practical guidance to managers. For the first time in the literature, the study also investigates the potential interactive effects between specific CSR types and corporate competence on consumer reactions. This inquiry bears significant relevance to the ongoing discussions concerning whether and how company characteristics generate influences on the outcomes of CSR strategies.
Maintenance of high-rise residential buildings
Authors: Chua Shirley Jin Lin , Zubbir Najilah Bt , Ali Azlan Shah , Au-Yong Cheong Peng 
Published: April 2018

Purpose
Preventive maintenance is an effective maintenance strategy to ensure the constant and efficient usage of building systems and their components. The reactive-based maintenance as the main strategy in high-rise residential buildings is a concern as the maintenance output resulting from the strategy could not achieve the standard level of performance. The purpose of this paper is to identify the characteristics of preventive maintenance and establish the relationship with maintenance performance in high-rise residential buildings.

Design/methodology/approach
The characteristics of preventive maintenance and maintenance performance parameters were identified through the literature review. A quantitative approach was adopted, where a questionnaire was distributed to the maintenance personnel of high-rise residential buildings. Then, ranking analysis and correlation were conducted to produce findings that help to achieve the research objectives.

Findings
The research findings indicate that there are seven maintenance characteristics significantly correlated with maintenance performance indicators (maintenance costs deviation, time variance of maintenance work, customer service and downtime rate). It is recommended that these characteristics are considered during the execution of preventive maintenance as they have a significant effect on the maintenance performance.

Originality/value
The extensive literature suggests the relationship between the characteristics of preventive maintenance and maintenance performance, but is still questionable. Thus, this research investigates the relationship between preventive maintenance characteristic and maintenance performance for high-rise residential buildings in Malaysia. The findings of the research can act as a guide for maintenance personnel to optimise maintenance performance by focusing on the highlighted preventive maintenance characteristics.
Synergizing climate change mitigation and adaptation in Cameroon
Authors: Ngum Faith , Alemagi Dieudonne , Duguma Lalisa , Minang Peter A. , Kehbila Anderson , Tchoundjeu Zac 
Published: April 2018

PurposeThis paper aims to examine the policy environments, institutional arrangements and practical implementation of some initiatives undertaken by the Government of Cameroon, together with some relevant stakeholders, in addressing climate change mitigation and adaptation at various levels in the country, which are prerequisites to promote synergistic ways of addressing climate change mitigation and adaptation.Design/methodology/approachUsing a qualitative approach to data collection, the paper draws upon information collected from relevant literature and interviews with 18 key country resource personnel.FindingsResults revealed that most reviewed policies/programs/strategies do not mention “climate change” explicitly but propose some activities which indirectly address it. Interaction is fair within the government ministries but weak between these ministries and other institutions. Inadequate financial resources are being opined as the most important challenge stakeholders are (and would continue) facing as a result of adopting integrated approaches to climate change. Other challenges include inadequate coordination, insufficient sensitization and capacity building, ineffective implementation, inadequate compliance, lack of proper transparency and inadequate public participation. To redress the aforementioned constraints and challenges, the paper concludes by outlining a number of recommendations for policy design.Originality/valueThe following recommendations were made: create a national technical committee to oversee and provide scientific guidance to the government on synergistic approaches; promote private sector investment and sponsorship on synergistic approaches; create local awareness, etc. It is important to underscore that minimal studies have been conducted to analyze multi-stakeholder perspectives on synergies between climate change mitigation and adaptation in Cameroon. This study attempts to bridge this major gap.
Current state and perspective of water management policy in terms of climate change
Authors: Stojkovic Zlatanovic Sanja , Stojkovic Milan , Mitkovic Mihailo 
Published: April 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to set out the policy guidelines and recommendations to harmonise the Serbian water legislation with European Union standards in the area of water system management as impacted by climate change.

Design/methodology/approach
The EU Water Framework Directive is analysed in the context of implementation of the integrated water management policy presented in the Serbian Water Law (2010), as well as the National Water Management Strategy (2016). It has been found that the water management legislation that deals with the impact of climate change on water resources is incomplete. Although there are numerous challenges related to research of climate change and water systems, water policy and legal aspects cannot be neglected. The so-called soft law instruments represented in a form of strategy documents could be a valuable response in terms of an adaptive and integrated water policy approach.

Findings
The research is applied to a case study of the Velika Morava River Basin, at Ljubicevski Most hydrological station. Long-term projections suggest a decrease in annual precipitation levels and annual flows up to the year 2100 for climatic scenarios A1B and A2, accompanied by a rapid increase in air temperatures.

Originality/value
This study proposes a water management policy and provides recommendations for the Velika Morava River Basin as impacted by climate change, according to the European Union legislation.
Does sin matter in corporate governance issues in the United States
Authors: Ezzine Hanene , Olivero Bernard 
Published: April 2018

PurposeThe authors provide evidence for the effects of social norms on corporate governance risk by studying “sin” stocks publicly traded companies involved in producing alcohol, firearms, biotechnology, gambling, military, nuclear power and tobacco. There is a societal norm against funding operations that promote vice and expropriation by controlling shareholders.Design/methodology/approachThe sample is representative of S&P 500 firms in 2014. The authors use Datastream to obtain a sample of sin stocks. The authors’ descriptive analysis is completed by four variations of the basic ordinary least squares regression model according to dependent variable corporate governance risk score.FindingsThe authors find that non-financial incentives alone do not explain corporate governance risk. The authors provide strong empirical support for an alignment of financial and non-financial incentives. The authors show that when sin firm’s current performance is good, suggesting that the market holds a positive belief in firm’s future profitability, managers will likely have more incentive to expropriate shareholders.Research limitations/implicationsBelonging of firm to a sin industry does not reflect the acceptance level of social norms. The evolution of social norms towards sin stocks overcomes the drawback of assuming a constant social norms level over time. Therefore, researchers are encouraged to use the changes in consumption of sin products as a proxy for the evolution of social norms and examine does sin matter in corporate governance issue in other countries.Practical implicationsWell-planned and well-managed philanthropy sin industries to creating education programmes for the disadvantaged to protecting the environment, in the name of corporate social responsibility has become a necessary ingredient in virtually every large corporation’s business plan.Originality/valueThis paper fulfils an identified need to study does sin matter issue in corporate governance issue.