bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Critical Vision of Disruptive Nanotechnologies
Authors: Foladori Guillermo , Invernizzi Noela 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Nanotechnologies constitute one of the most innovative processes of production, and their products already reach all economic sectors. In view of their potential to boost economic development and competitiveness, governments have declared them areas of priority or strategic interest.
In the framework of studies that deal with the evaluation of benefits, impacts, and harmful effects of new technologies, this article analyses the potential barriers to an inclusive development of nanotechnologies to improve the living conditions of broad sectors of the population. It is concluded that the discussion on disruptive technologies leaves aside the socio-economic and political context in which nanotechnologies are developed. It is in this context that the barriers to a more inclusive development aimed at improving the living conditions of the population must be sought. But, even if this target is not met, new technologies can result in market and competitive advantages, although deepening the gap in social inequality.
The text is divided into two sections. In the first, the peculiarities of nanotechnologies are explained, allowing their identification as a new form of disruptive production. In the second, an analysis of the context in which nanotechnologies develop as well as their potential social implications is provided.
Le relazioni tra Siria e Libano nel sistema geopolitico vicino-orientale prima e dopo le rivolte arabe
Authors: Di Peri Rosita 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
The relationships between Syria and Lebanon have been historically marked by a deep asymmetry. From the French Mandate, regional and international events have shaped the life of the two countries of the Mashreq, underlining the steady presence of Syria over Lebanese affairs. Pushed by the need of accreditation as a regional power, Syria has elaborated, over the years, a clear and precise strategy towards Lebanon, by using the Pan-Arab narrative but also economic, identititarian and political incentives. Consequently, the paper argues, in the frame of a Westphalian narrative, that Lebanon has been used by Syria as a tool for domestic, regional and international accreditation. This hypothesis will be tested through the analysis of the relationships between the two countries from the 1970s until the more recent events of the Arab uprisings.
The Struggle of the Women’s Movements in Neo-patriarchal Libya
Authors: Lagdaf Souadou , Zoubir Yahia H. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
After the 2011 revolution, the new Libyan authorities launched a political and constitutional debate, which focused, inter alia, on democracy and the role of women in the new order. The autonomous initiatives of women’s associations, which demanded female quotas and equal rights, is an important aspect of the post-revolution reality and highlights the contradictions between the cultural conditions and the policies of the authoritarian past in a society that for the most part aspires for equal rights, the nature of its neo-patriarchy1 notwithstanding.
In this article, the authors analyse the historical trajectory of women’s claims and the contributions of women’s associations to the constitutional debate for women’s rights. Women’s activism has characterised this new era, one full of incongruities, such as the opposition of past ideas against innovative, more modernist, progressive ones.
Transcultural Philology in 19th-century Japan: The Case of Shigeno Yasutsugu (1827-1910)
Authors: Facius Michael 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
The article explores the role of transcultural encounters for the development of the thought and philology of Shigeno Yasutsugu, an eminent Japanese scholar of history and Chinese learning in 19th-century Japan. It argues that a close look at the impact of Shigeno’s encounters with Western diplomats, Chinese scholar-officials and a German historian illuminates the richness in the biography of a scholar whom the literature has valued predominantly for his role in the introduction of “modern” Western historiography. Through an analysis of the multilayered foundations of his scholarly practice, the article aims to demonstrate the use of a transcultural paradigm in engaging the complexity of the history of knowledge in a period of Western imperialism.
Historical Technological Impacts on the Visual Representation of Language with Reference to South-Asian Typeforms
Authors: Ross Fiona 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
The scripts of South Asia, which mainly derive from the Brahmi script, afford a visible voice to the numerous linguistic communities that form over one fifth of the world’s population. However, the transition of these visually diverse scripts from chirographic to typographic form has been determined by historical processes that were rarely conducive to accurately rendering non-Latin scripts.
This essay provides a critical evaluation of the historical technological impacts on typographic textual composition in South-Asian languages. It draws on resources from relevant archival collections to consider within a historical context the technological constraints that have been crucial in determining the textural appearance of South-Asian typography. In so doing, it seeks to elucidate design decisions that either purposely or unwittingly shaped subsequent and current typographic practice and questions the validity of the continued legacy of historical technological impacts for contemporary vernacular communication.
What’s Wrong with Institutions? A Short History of the Clash between IRAs and Turkish Populists
Authors: Balıkçı Emre 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe aim of this article is to reveal the institutional dimensions of populism, which tend to be ignored because of the hegemony of economic analysis of the subject. Whereas many researchers assume that populism is a result of the negative economic effects of neoliberal policies on the middle class, I argue that populism is also a corollary of neoliberal institutions’ effect on the political power of so-called ordinary people. To illustrate this, I focus on the rhetoric of Turkish populists concerning two important economic institutions in Turkey: the Public Procurement Authority and the Central Bank. This examination shows that Turkish populists view the independent institutions of neoliberalism as a barrier against the people’s political will and define themselves as fighters for democracy.
Birds of a feather: how manager–subordinate disagreement on goal clarity influences value congruence and organizational commitment
Authors: Stazyk Edmund C. , Davis Randall S. 
Published: May 2019

A substantial body of research underscores the importance of congruence between employee and organizational values. Yet, despite evidence that value congruence affects key individual and organizational outcomes, several gaping holes still exist in the research. We add to existing public management scholarship by: (1) examining whether and how value congruence affects an employee’s affective organizational commitment; and (2) responding to recent calls for scholars to clarify the processes through which value congruence shapes employee attitudes and behavior. Drawing on dyadic data compiled on a sample of senior managers in US local governments, results indicate that value congruence is associated with higher levels of affective organizational commitment. Additionally, value congruence is even more important in instances when higher levels of goal ambiguity are present. Points for practitioners Study findings have several practical implications for public managers. First, results indicate that managers must acknowledge and account for employees’ perceptions of organizational goal ambiguity if they hope to retain employees. To this end, managers would do well to design goals in concert with their employees; the process of co-creating goals may help limit ambiguity. Second, managers must create robust communication systems that welcome disagreement and recognize the importance of effective dialogue on the nature of goals. Finally, managers should provide feedback on goals at regular intervals in order to help employees understand expectations.
Pediatric Epistaxis and Its Correlation Between Air Pollutants in Beijing From 2014 to 2017
Authors: Lu Ying-Xia , Liang Jie-Qiong , Gu Qing-Long , Pang Chong , Huang Chun-Lei 
Published: May 2019

Background: Epistaxis is a common symptom in children. The effect of air pollution on epistaxis is not yet clear. Objectives: To explore the characteristics of pediatric epistaxis in Beijing and its correlation with air pollutants. Material and Methods: Data were collected from 2014 to 2017 in Otolaryngology Department of Capital Institute of Pediatrics. Children diagnosed with epistaxis with relevant information with the same period of municipal air pollutants’ concentration were compared. Results: The annual visits of epistaxis showed a bimodal trend. The incidence of epistaxis in infants was low, increased with age, reached the peak between the ages of 4 to 5, and then gradually decreased with age. In different age groups, male patients were more than females. From 2014 to 2017 in Beijing, particulate matter less than 2.5 μm in diameter (PM2.5), particulate matter less than 10 μm in diameter (PM10), sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and carbon monoxide (CO) showed a downtrend, lower in summer than in the other 3 seasons. Ozone (O3) was significantly higher in 2016 and 2017, showed an increase trend in summer. The incidence of epistaxis was negatively correlated with PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2 and CO, which was positively correlated with O3 ( P < .05). Conclusions: Pediatric epistaxis in Beijing changes with age and has obvious seasonal variation. There are some correlations between air pollutants and the incidence of epistaxis in children.
Effectiveness of interventions for reducing TB incidence in countries with low TB incidence: a systematic review of reviews
Authors: Collin Simon M. , Wurie Fatima , Muzyamba Morris C. , de Vries Gerard , Lönnroth Knut , Migliori Giovanni Battista , Abubakar Ibrahim , Anderson Sarah R. , Zenner Dominik 
Published: May 2019

AimsWhat is the evidence base for the effectiveness of interventions to reduce tuberculosis (TB) incidence in countries which have low TB incidence?MethodsWe conducted a systematic review of interventions for TB control and prevention relevant to low TB incidence settings (<10 cases per 100 000 population). Our analysis was stratified according to “direct” or “indirect” effects on TB incidence. Review quality was assessed using AMSTAR2 criteria. We summarised the strength of review level evidence for interventions as “sufficient”, “tentative”, “insufficient” or “no” using a framework based on the consistency of evidence within and between reviews.ResultsWe found sufficient review level evidence for direct effects on TB incidence/case prevention of vaccination and treatment of latent TB infection. We also found sufficient evidence of beneficial indirect effects attributable to drug susceptibility testing and adverse indirect effects (measured as sub-optimal treatment outcomes) in relation to use of standardised first-line drug regimens for isoniazid-resistant TB and intermittent dosing regimens. We found insufficient review level evidence for direct or indirect effects of interventions in other areas, including screening, adherence, multidrug-resistant TB, and healthcare-associated infection.DiscussionOur review has shown a need for stronger evidence to support expert opinion and country experience when formulating TB control policy.
Magnetic resonance enterography features of small bowel Crohn’s disease activity: an inter-rater reliability study of small bowel active inflammation in clinical practice setting
Authors: Tsai Richard , Mintz Aaron , Lin Michael , Mhlanga Joyce , Chiplunker Adeeti , Salter Amber , Ciorba Matthew , Deepak Parakkal , Fowler Kathryn 
Published: May 2019

Objective:
The aim of this study is to determine the interrater agreement in a clinical practice environment for the most commonly used magnetic resonance enterography (MRE) features of Crohn’s disease (CD).

Methods:
CD patients with MRE’s before and after treatment were retrospectively identified using search queries over a 7-year period (May 2017–September 2017). MRE features of CD comprising components of multiple CD scoring indices were scored by radiologists in the same segment of bowel. Agreement for nominal categorical and continuous variables was assessed using a κ and interclass correlation coefficients, respectively.

Results:
80 scans comprised the study population. Moderate interrater agreement was seen in both the pre- and post-treatment MRE’s for presence of diffusion restriction (к = 0.43, 0.48; pre- and post-treatment), stricturing disease (к = 0.51, 0.52), overall degree of severity (к = 0.49, 0.59). Substantial agreement was seen in pre- and post-treatment scans for length of involvement (interclass correlation coefficient = 0.67, 0.61). The presence of mucosal ulceration had no agreement (к = −0.07, –0.042).

Conclusion:
Many MRE features of active CD comprising the major CD scoring indices are reproducible when interpreted by non-CD focused abdominal radiologists. However, the presence of mucosal ulcerations had no agreement and may need more investigation before including this feature as a driver in therapeutic decision making.

Advances in knowledge:
Demonstrates the unreliability of mucosal ulceration by non-CD focused abdominal radiologists, targeting a potential area for future education.
Key Points
The majority of MRE findings incorporated in to many CD scoring indices have fair to moderate inter-rater agreement even when read by non-MRE expert radiologists. Substantial agreement was seen in the length of involved bowel, but this feature is only incorporated in to one of the CD scoring indices. Presence of mucosal ulcerations had no interrater agreement in our study—a feature which is heavily weighted by several CD scoring indices. Research should be focused bridging those features which have poor interrater agreement.
Notes on a Gladiatorial Inscription from Plotinopolis
Authors: Papanikolaou Dimitrios 
Published: May 2019

The paper is concerned with a new gladiatorial tombstone from Plotinopolis. The paper raises serious doubts on the text of the inscription offered by itsinitial editor (Tsoka 2015); it also pinpoints towards Sharankov’s proposal(Année Épigraphique 2014 [2017] no. 1165, 493) as the only viable solution forthe text of the inscription, citing also unnoticed parallel passages from ancientGreek inscriptions and texts as evidence substantiating the new reading of the stone (see nn. 7-9). The paper expresses also disagreement over Tsoka’s assertion that thewords λοῦδοι and Μάτερνος of the inscription are mere transcriptions into Greek letters of the Latin words ludi, Maternus – and that the name Μάτερνοςimplies Romanisation. It is argued that the Latin-derived name of a gladiator ghting in the Eastern (Greek-speaking) side of the Roman Empire is not a safe marker of Romanisation. This is demonstrated by the epigraphical evidenceattesting to the habit of Greek-speaking gladiators to adopt professionalpseudonyms, many of them (25% of all recorded cases) Latin-derived ones; thepaper argues that the name Μάτερνος is simply a Latin-derived gladiatorialpseudonym. Plutarch’s testimony further substantiates that gladiators could be ethnic Greeks or culture-Greeks (see n. 20). As far as the word λοῦδοι is concerned, the poetic declination of the word in the stone attests to the laststages in the adaptation of a Latin-derived word into a fundamentally Greek linguistic environment. The paper argues that the Latin-derived vocabulary ofthe stone (Μάτερνος, λοῦδοι) should be viewed as a further piece of evidenceattesting to the recognition on the part of the Greek-speakers of the time, that gladiation was a fundamentally Roman cultural institution, a cultural import whose onomastics and terminology could rather remain untranslated.
Growth modulation in idiopathic angular knee deformities: Is it predictable?
Authors: Danino B , Rödl R. , Herzenberg J. E. , Shabtai L. , Grill F. , Narayanan U. , Segev E. , Wientroub S. 
Published: May 2019

Purpose To evaluate the temporal and spatial sequence of events following temporal hemiepiphysiodesis in idiopathic knee varus/valgus. Methods This is a retrospective multicentre study on 372 physes in 206 patients. The average rate of correction (ROC) was calculated; univariate and multivariate analysis were performed. Results In all, 92% of the femoral physes were followed for more than one year/reached skeletal maturity. Of those, 93% were corrected to a mechanical lateral distal femoral angle (mLDFA) of 85° to 89°; 2% did not, while 5% were over-corrected. A total of 92% of the tibial physes were followed for more than one year/reached skeletal maturity. Of those, 92% were corrected to a mechanical medial proximal tibial angle (mMPTA) of 85° to 89°; 2% did not, while 6% were over-corrected. Factors significantly influencing success and ROC were age, direction and magnitude of deformity. Femoral ROC was significantly faster than tibial ROC: 0.85° versus 0.78°/month, respectively (p = 0.05). Femoral valgus ROC was significantly faster than varus ROC: 0.90° versus 0.77°/month, respectively (p = 0.04). A constant was derived to calculate the amount of correction. Significant correlation was found between calculated and actual mLDFA in valgus deformity during the first year (r = 0.58 to 0.87, p < 0.01). Calculated mLDFA of varus deformity did not correlate with actual mLDFA. Significant correlation was found when calculating mMPTA correction in all deformities. Conclusions Femur corrects faster than tibia; valgus femoral deformities are corrected faster than varus. Valgus correction in the distal femur/proximal tibia as well as varus correction in the tibia in idiopathic patients is highly predictable. The constant derived is the first tool which enables predicting and monitoring amount of correction in hemiepiphysiodesis when correcting angular deformities around the knee. Level of Evidence IV
SISTEM DESELERASI KECEPATAN OTOMATIS PADA MOBIL BERDASARKAN JARAK MENGGUNAKAN SENSOR ULTRASONIK HC-SR04 BERBASIS ARDUINO MEGA 2560
Authors: Musthofa Fikri , Winarno Heru 
Published: May 2019

Fikri Musthofa, Heru Winarno, in this paper explain that along with the high number of accidents on the highway at this time of course must be a special concern for motorists. There are many factors that underlie the occurrence of an accident in driving, the most important of which is the factor of driver error in driving, such as drowsiness or lack of rest, lack of concentration, and much more. Besides the security system in vehicles is also very influential in reducing the number of accidents in driving. With the development of today's technology, it is necessary to create a speed deceleration system on the motor based on the distance to the barrier objects in front of the vehicle using ultrasonic sensors. Ultrasonic sensor which is a type of proximity sensor is a sensor that can detect distances so that it can be used as a sensor in this system. This system can reduce motor speed automatically when the sensor detects a barrier object in front with a distance of less than 300 cm. This system will be active when the ultrasonic sensor detects a distance of less than 300 cm. At that distance the Arduino Mega 2560 will adjust the PWM value of the motor, the motor PWM value will decrease 12% every second so that within a period of 8 seconds the motor will have a speed of 0 rpm which means the motor will stop. This system is expected to reduce the number of road accidents due to motorists' faults. Keywords: Speed Deceleration, PWM Method, Ultrasonic Sensor, Arduino Mega 2650.ReferencesAgus Setya Abadi, Delta. 2008. Sensor Ultrasonic Sebagai Alat Navigasi Robot Pemadam Api.. Tugas Akhir PSD III Teknik Elektro (Tidak diterbitkan) Semarang : Universitas Diponegoro.Anonimus. 2012. Sensor Ultrasonic HC-SR04. Diunduh dari http://arduino- learning.com/code/hc-sr04-ultrasonic-sensor-example.php diakses pada 1 Juni 2015 pukul 14.30 WIB.Anonimus. 2013. Rangkaian Skematik Driver Motor L298N. Diunduh dari http://www.yujum.com/rangkaian-dan-skematik-driver-motor-l298n/ diakses pada 17 Juni 2015 pukul 19.45.Anonimus. 2014. Accumulator atau Aki dan jenisnya. Diunduh dari http://www.sandielektronik.com/2014/03/accumulator-atau-aki.html diakses pada 30 Mei 2015 pukul 16.15 WIB.Prayogo, Rudito. 2012. Pengaturan PWM dengan PLC. Tugas Mata Kuliah Teknik Otomasi (Tidak diterbitkan). Malang: Universitas Brawijaya.Riny Sulistyowati. 2012. Perancangan Prototype System Kontrol Dan Monitoring Pembatas Daya Listrik Berbasis Mikrokontroler. Surabaya : Institut Adhi Tama Surabaya.Surono. 1988. Tata Tulis Karya Ilmiah Bahasa Indonesia. Semarang : Fakultas Sastra Universitas Diponegoro.
STUDI PERANCANGAN PROPULSI KAPAL PETI KEMAS 100 TEUS
Authors: Utomo Budi , Khristyson Samuel Febriary 
Published: May 2019

Transportasi laut menjadi penghubung kebutuhan dan perekonomian antar pulau di Indonesia, daya angkut dibuat seoptimal mungkin untuk dapat menyuplai kebutuhan masyarakat. Kapal yang ditinjau adalah jenis kapal barang peti kemas. Perencanaan bentuk lambung kapal dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor diantaranya adalah dari segi kegunaan kapal yang akan dibangun. Dari perhitungan hambatan dapat diketahui berapa Trust Horse Power sehingga dapat digunakan untuk menghitung efisiensi propulsi kapal. Kapal harus memiliki propulsi untuk melawan seluruh hambatan yang mungkin terjadi pada lambung kapal. Dari hasil analisis kapal barang peti kemas dengan kapasitas 100 teus memiliki daya mesin sebesar 1530 HP dengan sistem penggerak ganda dengan peletakan kamar mesin berada di belakang kapal. Tipe baling-baling yang di rencanakan adalah fixed pitch propeller B - 4. 40 , dengan bahan material bronze . Ukuran pitch daun baling-baling 1650 mm dengan diameter baling-baling sebesar 1850 mm.
Pengaruh Dexmedetomidine Intravena Terhadap Kadar Superoxide Dismutase 1 (SOD-1) Ginjal Kelinci Padarenal Ischemic Reperfusion Injury Model
Authors: Yusuprihastuti Maulitia Neny , Satoto Hari Hendriarto , Harahap Mohamad Sofyan 
Published: May 2019

Latar belakang : Perubahan hemodinamik selama operasi dapat menyebabkan hipoperfusi organ yang berakibat pada kegagalan organ ginjal. Ischemic Reperfusion Injury (IRI) adalah penyebab utama dari kegagalan ginjal akut, dan dapat berakibat pada peningkatan morbiditas dan angka kematian. Dexmedetomidine adalah agonis α2 -adrenergik yang selektif, menunjukkan sifat sparing anestesi, analgesia dan sifat simpatolitik, termasuk digunakan sebagai agen pelindung untuk Ischemic Reperfusion Injury (IRI) pada banyak sistem organ. Superoxide Dismutase 1 (SOD-1) memainkan peran penting dalam menyeimbangkan status oksidasi dan antioksidan, memberikan pertahananpenting terhadap toksisitas superoksida radikal, sehingga dapat melindungi sel dari kerusakan.Tujuan : Mengetahui efek dexmedetomidine intravena terhadap kadar SOD-1 ginjal kelinci dengan renal ischemic reperfusion injury model.Metode : Penelitian eksperimental Randomize Post Test Only Control Group Design menggunakan 16 kelinci New Zealand. 8 kelinci diberikan perlakuan dengan pemberian dexmedetomidine 0,5 mcg/kgbb/jam dan dilakukan oklusi pada arteri renalis. 8 kelinci yang tidak mengalami perlakuan juga dilakukan oklusi arteri renalis dan dilakukan pemeriksaan SOD-1 sebagai kontrol. Uji normalitas dengan Saphiro Wilk dilanjutkan uji parametrik menggunakan Mann Whitney.Hasil :Kadar rerata SOD-1 pada kelompok kontrol 0,8 dan nilai P 0,389 (normal) dan kadar rerata SOD-1 pada kelompok perlakuan 1,21 dan nilai P 0,014 (tidak normal). Uji beda digunakan uji parametrik Mann Whitney-test didapatkan nilai p = 0,016. Karena nilai p < 0,05 maka dapat disimpulkan terdapat perbedaan bermakna.Kesimpulan: Dexmedetomidine secara signifikan meningkatkan nilai SOD-1 pada kelinci New Zealand yang diberikan perlakuan oklusi pada arteri renalis.