bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Estimation of hepatitis B–positive rates in Chinese blood donors by combining predonation and postdonation screening results
Authors: Gao Zhan , Liu Jing , Fu Ping , Huang Mei , Cao Ru'an , Wen Xiuqiong , Zhang Chunhong , He Tao , Mao Wei , Liao Dan , Ke Ling , Yang Yashan , He Miao , Liu Yu , Wang Jingxing , Dodd Roger Y. , Ness Paul , Shan Hua 
Published: February 2019

AbstractBackgroundChinese blood centers use Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) rapid test (RT) in pre‐donation and two rounds of screening with different enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays in post‐donation. Nucleic acid testing (NAT) on screening non‐reactive (SC‐) donations has been gradually implemented since 2010. Yet RT+ and SC‐/NAT+ donors are seldom included in hepatitis B virus (HBV) positive rate estimates in Chinese blood donors.MethodsWe performed HBsAg neutralization test (NT) on whole blood (WB) with pre‐donation RT+ results and post‐donation screening reactive (SC+) samples from Mianyang and Chongqing in 2015. The annual totals of pre‐ and post‐donation NT+ donors were combined with the annual totals of SC‐/NAT+ donors to derive the estimated HBV positive rates.ResultIn Mianyang and Chongqing, 59.4% and 68.2% of RT+ donors in Jan‐Aug 2015 contributed for NT, 95.5% and 97.2% of which were NT+ respectively. In 2015, 422 and 667 donors from Mianyang and Chongqing respectively were HBsAg RT+, yielding estimated 403 and 648 pre‐donation RT+/NT+ deferrals. 411 and 668 post‐donation SC+ samples were NT tested from Mianyang and Chongqing, of which 249 and 323 were NT+ respectively. An estimated 63 donors in Mianyang and 88 donors in Chongqing were SC‐/NAT+. The estimated HBV confirmed positive rate in blood donors are 1.59% in Mianyang and 1.01% in Chongqing.ConclusionPre‐donation HBsAg RT effectively intercepts donations from HBV infected donors. Using NT confirmatory results from RT+, SC+ and SC‐/NAT+ donors, this study provides a model for more accurate estimation for HBV positive rates in China.
Fluoroscopically guided neocanalization for treatment of nasolacrimal atresia in two horses
Authors: Berkowski William , Plummer Caryn E. , Ramos Renata , Czerwinski Sarah , Brooks Dennis , Gallagher Alex 
Published: February 2019

AbstractCase descriptionA yearling Thoroughbred stallion and an 8‐year‐old Saddlebred mare were evaluated for persistent mucoid ocular discharge.Clinical findingsExamination of both horses revealed copious yellow‐tan mucoid ocular discharge with a negative Jones I test, absent nasal punctum, and unsuccessful anterograde nasolacrimal duct (NLD) irrigation. Clinical abnormalities were present on the right side only in one horse and bilaterally in the other. Computed tomography (CT) with contrast confirmed nasolacrimal duct atresia in both horses.Treatment and outcomeUnder general anesthesia, the affected NLD was catheterized anterograde and contrast injected. Using fluoroscopic guidance, retrograde access to the distal NLD was obtained for through‐and‐through wire access. Over the wire, the stoma was dilated and a temporary stent placed for 4‐8 weeks. After the procedure, both horses were comfortable and free of ocular discharge at the minimum time of last follow‐up, 9 months postoperatively.Clinical relevanceFluoroscopically guided neocanalization is a viable alternative to traditional surgical approaches for NLD atresia, especially when access to the site of obstruction is limited.
Novel RFI Mitigation Methods in the Square Kilometre Array 1 Mid Correlator Beamformer
Authors: Gunaratne Thushara , Carlson Brent , Comoretto Gianni 
Published: February 2019

The Square Kilometre Array (SKA) Phase 1 Mid Correlator Beamformer (Mid.CBF) adopts two novel methods to mitigate radio frequency interference (RFI) at the various stages of its signal chains. First, the pioneering Sample Clock Frequency Offset (SCFO) sampling suppresses interference which leaks into individual ‘Frequency-Slice’ (FS) (sub-bands) in the cross-correlations. Second, the ‘Shift-Resample-Shift-Back’ method minimizes the addition of noise due to strong clustered RFI. Empirical studies conducted with simulation of the systems confirm that the proposed methods significantly reduce the impact of RFI on the output of the radio telescope.
Requirements Engineering in the New Product Development Process: A Structured Literature Review
Authors: Iaksch Jaqueline Sebastiany , Borsato Milton , Schimdt Juliana , Vaine Arturo 
Published: February 2019

The New Product Development Process (NDP) is noticed as a critical factor to maintain the competitiveness in organizations. New products allow us to focus on taking a competitive position. Also, the first and most important reason for any new product development is to provide new value to the customer. In this sense, the Requirements Engineering (RE) approach plays a vital role within the New Product Development Process (NDP) lifecycle, once the product performance and its acceptability on the market depend on how RE is integrated into the product development. In this way, this paper aims to identify the proposed solutions and trends regarding RE, through a literature review based on studies produced in the last five years. Hence, the existing gaps in the literature about this theme are presented and analyzed. In order to achieve these objectives, the present study was based on ProKnow-C process (Knowledge Development Process — Constructivist).
Execution migration in a heterogeneous-ISA chip multiprocessor
Authors: DeVuyst Matthew , Venkat Ashish , Tullsen Dean M. 
Published: February 2019

Prior research has shown that single-ISA heterogeneous chip multiprocessors have the potential for greater performance and energy efficiency than homogeneous CMPs. However, restricting the cores to a single ISA removes an important opportunity for greater heterogeneity. To take full advantage of a heterogeneous-ISA CMP, however, we must be able to migrate execution among heterogeneous cores in order to adapt to program phase changes and changing external conditions (e.g., system power state).
This paper explores migration on heterogeneous-ISA CMPs. This is non-trivial because program state is kept in an architecture-specific form; therefore, state transformation is necessary for migration. To keep migration cost low, the amount of state that requires transformation must be minimized. This work identifies large portions of program state whose form is not critical for performance; the compiler is modified to produce programs that keep most of their state in an architecture-neutral form so that only a small number of data items must be repositioned and no pointers need to be changed. The result is low migration cost with minimal sacrifice of non-migration performance.
Additionally, this work leverages binary translation to enable instantaneous migration. When migration is requested, the program is immediately migrated to a different core where binary translation runs for a short time until a function call is reached, at which point program state is transformed and execution continues natively on the new core.
This system can tolerate migrations as often as every 100 ms and still retain 95% of the performance of a system that does not do, or support, migration.
On the March of Time and the Meaning of Days
Authors: Stafford Tom , Petter Stacie 
Published: February 2019

As of this issue, The DATA BASE for Advances in Information Systems marks its 50th year of publication. We are minded to introspect, then, on what it means to have been here for 50 years. For some, it means that this journal came to be in the year that astronauts first landed on the moon; that sounds like a very modern occurrence, but having transpired in 1969, it was literally a half century ago. That is 18,250 days, or 2,607 weeks, or 599 months, or, of course, one half of a century.
Century - the Latin root of which connotes groups of 100; half of 100 being fifty, and that being a darned large number in some respects, but in others very small. It depends on point of view, as the physicist Einstein (1921) would have put it. When you are moving at great speeds, time seems to pass more slowly (as compared to the perceptions of a less-fast moving observer). Time and its passage are a subjective perception of the perceiver, even outside of the physics of relativity (Evans, 2005). As Carol Saunders once speculated in a closing essay during her time at MIS Quarterly, it only seems like yesterday that we came to be a field of inquiry in Management Information Systems, and we could consider ourselves in the geological scheme of time to be very young indeed (Saunders, 2007). On the other hand, for those busily engaged in the fast-moving activities of publishing a journal like ours, time flies in different ways when we consider how long significant landmarks of the field of Management Information Systems have been in place (as has this journal, for a similar period of time). It was just yesterday, and it has been forever. We only just took Volume 48, Number 1 to press, it seems, and here we are at 50(1)! Time is in the Einsteinian details.
YY1 Complex Promotes Quaking Expression via Super-Enhancer Binding during EMT of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Han Jingxia , Meng Jing , Chen Shuang , Wang Xiaorui , Yin Shan , Zhang Qiang , Liu Huijuan , Qin Rong , Li Zhongwei , Zhong Weilong , Zhang Chao , Zhang Heng , Tang Yuanhao , Lin Tingting , Gao Wanfeng , Zhang Xiaoyun , Yang Lan , Liu Yanrong , Zhou Hong-gang , Sun Tao , Yang Cheng 
Published: February 2019

Abstract

Quaking (QKI) is an alternative splicing factor that can regulate circRNA formation in the progression of epithelial–mesenchymal transition, but the mechanism remains unclear. High expression of QKI is correlated with short survival time, metastasis, and high clinical stage and pathology grade in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Here we report that transcription of the QKI gene was activated by the Yin-Yang 1 (YY1)/p65/p300 complex, in which YY1 bound to the super-enhancer and promoter of QKI, p65 combined with the promoter, and p300 served as a mediator to maintain the stability of the complex. This YY1/p65/p300 complex increased QKI expression to promote the malignancy of HCC as well as an increased circRNA formation in vitro and in vivo. Hyperoside is one of several plant-derived flavonol glycoside compounds. Through virtual screening and antitumor activity analysis, we found that hyperoside inhibited QKI expression by targeting the YY1/p65/p300 complex. Overall, our study suggests that the regulatory mechanism of QKI depends on the YY1/p65/p300 complex and that it may serve as a potential target for treatment of HCC.

Significance:
These findings identify the YY1/p65/p300 complex as a regulator of QKI expression, identifying several potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of HCC.
Chitosan Encapsulation Enhances the Bioavailability and Tissue Retention of Curcumin and Improves its Efficacy in Preventing B[a]P-induced Lung Carcinogenesis
Authors: Vijayakurup Vinod , Thulasidasan Arunkumar T. , Shankar G Mohan , Retnakumari Archana P. , Nandan C. Devika , Somaraj Jannet , Antony Jayesh , Alex Vijai V. , Vinod Balachandran S. , Liju Vijayasteltar Belsamma , Sundaram Sankar , Kumar G. S. Vinod , Anto Ruby John 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
The rate of lung cancer incidence is alarmingly mounting, despite the decline of smoking and tobacco consumption. Recent reports indicate a very high correlation between the growing fast food culture and lung cancer incidence. Benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) is a potent carcinogen abundantly present in grilled and deep-fried food and in tobacco smoke. Our previous studies have proved the efficacy of curcumin in curbing B[a]P-induced lung carcinogenesis. However, the poor pharmacokinetic profile of the compound considerably hampers its potential as an effective chemopreventive. This study was intended to evaluate whether encapsulation of curcumin in chitosan nanoparticles can improve the cellular uptake and prolong the tissue retention of curcumin yielding better chemoprevention. The curcumin-loaded chitosan nanoparticles (chitosan nanocurcumin) exhibited a size of 170–200 nm in transmission electron microscopy. In vitro drug release studies showed sustained release of curcumin over a period of approximately 180 hours and excellent intracellular uptake and cytotoxicity in lung cancer cells. Bioavailability studies using healthy Swiss albino mice demonstrated drastic enhancement in lung localization of chitosan nanocurcumin compared with free curcumin. Toxicologic evaluation using chronic toxicity model in Swiss albino mice confirmed the pharmacologic safety of the formulation. Moreover, the formulation, even at a dose equivalent to one fourth that of free curcumin, exhibits better efficacy in reducing tumor incidence and multiplicity than free curcumin, thereby hampering development of B[a]P-induced lung adenocarcinomas in Swiss albino mice. Hence, our study underscores the supremacy of the formulation over free curcumin and establishes it as a potential chemopreventive and oral supplement against environmental carcinogenesis.
Targeting Alterations in the RAF–MEK Pathway
Authors: Yaeger Rona , Corcoran Ryan B. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe MAPK pathway is one of the most commonly mutated oncogenic pathways in cancer. Although RAS mutations are the most frequent MAPK alterations, less frequent alterations in downstream components of the pathway, including the RAF and MEK genes, offer promising therapeutic opportunities. In addition to BRAFV600 mutations, for which several approved therapeutic regimens exist, other alterations in the RAF and MEK genes may provide more rare, but tractable, targets. However, recent studies have illustrated the complexity of MAPK signaling and highlighted that distinct alterations in these genes may have strikingly different properties. Understanding the unique functional characteristics of specific RAF and MEK alterations, reviewed herein, will be critical for developing effective therapeutic approaches for these targets.Significance:Alterations in the RAF and MEK genes represent promising therapeutic targets in multiple cancer types. However, given the unique and complex signaling biology of the MAPK pathway, the diverse array of RAF and MEK alterations observed in cancer can possess distinct functional characteristics. As outlined in this review, understanding the key functional properties of different RAF and MEK alterations is fundamental to selecting the optimal therapeutic approach.
Sustained Captopril‐Induced Reduction in Blood Pressure Is Associated With Alterations in Gut‐Brain Axis in the Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat
Authors: Yang Tao , Aquino Victor , Lobaton Gilberto O. , Li Hongbao , Colon‐Perez Luis , Goel Ruby , Qi Yanfei , Zubcevic Jasenka , Febo Marcelo , Richards Elaine M. , Pepine Carl J. , Raizada Mohan K. 
Published: February 2019

Background

We have demonstrated that the antihypertensive effect of the angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitor, captopril (
CAP
), is associated with beneficial effects on gut pathology. Coupled with the evidence that
CAP
exerts prolonged reduction in blood pressure (
BP
) after discontinuation of treatment, we investigate whether persistent beneficial actions of
CAP
are linked to alterations of gut microbiota and improvement of hypertension‐induced gut pathology.

Methods and Results

Spontaneously hypertensive rats (
SHR
) and Wistar Kyoto rats were treated with
CAP
(250 mg/kg/day) for 4 weeks followed by withdrawal for 16 weeks. Gut microbiota, gut pathology,
BP,
and brain neuronal activity were assessed.
CAP
resulted in a ≈60 mm Hg decrease in systolic
BP
after 3 weeks of treatment in
SHR
, and the decrease remained significant at least 5 weeks after
CAP
withdrawal. In contrast,
CAP
caused modest decrease in systolic
BP
in Wistar Kyoto. 16S
rRNA
gene‐sequencing–based gut microbial analyses in
SHR
showed sustained alteration of gut microbiota and increase in
Allobaculum
after
CAP
withdrawal. Phylogenetic investigation of communities by reconstruction of unobserved states analysis revealed significant increase in bacterial sporulation upon
CAP
treatment in
SHR
. These were associated with persistent improvement in gut pathology and permeability. Furthermore, manganese‐enhanced magnetic resonance imaging showed significantly decreased neuronal activity in the posterior pituitary of
SHR
4 weeks after withdrawal.

Conclusions

Decreased
BP
, altered gut microbiota, improved gut pathology and permeability, and dampened posterior pituitary neuronal activity were maintained after
CAP
withdrawal in the
SHR
. They suggest that
CAP
influences the brain‐gut axis to maintain the sustained antihypertensive effect of
CAP
after withdrawal.
Aśvaghoṣa on Kings and Kingship
Authors: Eltschinger Vincent 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
The present paper focuses on Aśvaghoṣa’s treatment of King Śuddhodana and Kapilavāstu, the latter’s kingdom, in the Buddhacarita (BC) and the Saundarananda (SNa). As I shall try to demonstrate, the poet’s depiction of Śuddhodana is strongly reminiscent of, and, I think, very likely based on, Brahmanical accounts of the rājadharma (BC 9.48) and the dharmarāja (BC 1.75) as they can be found, first and foremost, in the Mahābhārata (MBh). As for his description of the Śākya kingdom, it is obviously meant to be evocative of the “golden age” or, conversely, of its lack of any characteristic of the kaliyuga, which again points to Aśvaghoṣa’s likely acquaintance with epic descriptions of the kaliyuga and/or the yugānta as they can be found, e.g., in the so-called Mārkaṇḍeya section of the MBh (esp. 3.186 and 188).
Anatomy and mechanical properties of woods used in electric guitars
Authors: Ahvenainen Patrik 
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACT
Many endangered tropical hardwoods are commonly used in electric guitars. In order to find alternative woods, the current electric guitar woods need to be studied and classified as most research in this field has focused on acoustic instruments. Classification was done based on luthier literature, woods used in commercially available electric guitars, commercially available tonewoods and by interviewing Finnish luthiers. Here, the electric guitar woods are divided into three distinct classes based on how they are used in the guitar: low-density wood used in the body only (alder, poplar, basswood, ash), medium-density wood used in the body and neck (maple and mahogany), and high-density wood used in the fretboard only (rosewood and ebony). Together, these three classes span a wide range of anatomical and mechanical properties, but each class itself is limited to a relatively narrow parameter space. Statistically significant differences between these classes and the average hardwoods exist in the wood anatomy (size and organization of vessels, fibres, rays and axial parenchyma), in the mechanical properties (density, elastic modulus, Janka hardness, etc.) and in the average price per volume. In order to find substitute woods for a certain guitar wood class, density and elastic modulus can already be used to rule out most wood species. Based on principal component analysis of the elastomechanical and anatomical properties of commercially available hardwoods, few species are similar to the low- and high-density class woods. However, for all of the three electric guitar wood classes, non-endangered wood species are already commercially available from tonewood retailers that match the class characteristics presented here.
Assessing the Evolution of Soil Moisture and Vegetation Conditions during a Flash Drought–Flash Recovery Sequence over the South-Central United States
Authors: Otkin Jason A. , Zhong Yafang , Hunt Eric D. , Basara Jeff , Svoboda Mark , Anderson Martha C. , Hain Christopher 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThis study examines the evolution of soil moisture, evapotranspiration, vegetation, and atmospheric conditions during an unusual flash drought–flash recovery sequence that occurred across the south-central United States during 2015. This event was characterized by a period of rapid drought intensification (flash drought) during late summer that was terminated by heavy rainfall at the end of October that eliminated the extreme drought conditions over a 2-week period (flash recovery). A detailed analysis was performed using time series of environmental variables derived from meteorological, remote sensing, and land surface modeling datasets. Though the analysis revealed a similar progression of cascading effects in each region, characteristics of the flash drought such as its onset time, rate of intensification, and vegetation impacts differed between regions due to variations in the antecedent conditions and the atmospheric anomalies during its growth. Overall, flash drought signals initially appeared in the near-surface soil moisture, followed closely by reductions in evapotranspiration. Total column soil moisture deficits took longer to develop, especially in the western part of the region where heavy rainfall during the spring and early summer led to large moisture surpluses. Large differences were noted in how land surface models in the North American Land Data Assimilation System depicted soil moisture evolution during the flash drought; however, the models were more similar in their assessment of conditions during the flash recovery period. This study illustrates the need to use multiple datasets to track the evolution and impacts of rapidly evolving flash drought and flash recovery events.
Effects of High Resolution and Spinup Time on Modeled North Atlantic Circulation
Authors: Danek Christopher , Scholz Patrick , Lohmann Gerrit 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe influence of a high horizontal resolution (5–15 km) on the general circulation and hydrography in the North Atlantic is investigated using the Finite Element Sea Ice–Ocean Model (FESOM). We find a stronger shift of the upper-ocean circulation and water mass properties during the model spinup in the high-resolution model version compared to the low-resolution (~1°) control run. In quasi equilibrium, the high-resolution model is able to reduce typical low-resolution model biases. Especially, it exhibits a weaker salinification of the North Atlantic subpolar gyre and a reduced mixed layer depth in the Labrador Sea. However, during the spinup adjustment, we see that initially improved high-resolution features partially reduce over time: the strength of the Atlantic overturning and the path of the North Atlantic Current are not maintained, and hence hydrographic biases known from low-resolution ocean models return in the high-resolution quasi-equilibrium state. We identify long baroclinic Rossby waves as a potential cause for the strong upper-ocean adjustment of the high-resolution model and conclude that a high horizontal resolution improves the state of the modeled ocean but the model integration length should be chosen carefully.