bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of wood shaving litter density on the growth, leg disorders and manurial value in broiler
Authors: Hossain MA , Zulkifili I , Islam S , Awad EA 
Published: December 2018

The study was conducted with an aim to investigate the effect of litter density on growth, leg health and litter quality of broiler chickens from d1-42 days. Day-old male broiler chicks (n=400; Cobb 500) were distributed randomly into four litter densities [T1, T2, T3 and T4] treatments, each treatment had 5 replicates with 20 birds per replicate cage in a completely randomized design. Wood shaving was used as litter materials to a thickness of 5 cm, 8 cm, 11 cm and 14 cm on the floor of the pen. Birds were reared on the litter floor open-sided housing condition with ad libitum feed and water throughout the trail period. Data on feed intake (FI), body weight (BW), feed conversion ratio (FCR) and mortality were measured weekly. Litter sample was collected on day 42 to assess the nitrogen content (N2 %), dry matter (DM%) and moisture level (%). Footpad dermatitis (FPD) and hock burn (HB) incidences were measured on day 42 to assess the leg quality of birds. Results demonstrated that litter thickness had no significant (P>0.05) effect on FI, BW, FCR and mortality of broilers from d1-42 days. The N2, DM or moisture levels (%) of litter were also unaffected (P>0.05) between treatment. Leg disorders such as HB and FPD were influenced (P<0.01) by treatment. The incidences of HB and FPD were higher (P<0.01) in T1 and T2 than other treatments. It can be inferred from our current study that, leg health may be deteriorated by using low density wood shaving without affecting growth and litter quality of broiler chickens.
Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2018. 47 (1): 21-27
Prognosis of ischemic stroke patients with or without collateralization after carotid stenosis
Authors: Dey Subash Kanti , Shahidullah Md. , Ahmed Anis , Habib Ahsan , Rizvi Abu Nasar 
Published: December 2018

The objective of this study was to see the association of the prognosis of ischemic stroke patients with or without collateralization after carotid stenosis. This study was conducted on 36 patients presenting with acute ischemic stroke who were going through digital subtraction angiography from March 2017 to March 2018. Collateralization status after unilateral or bilateral stenosis was evaluated. Modified ranking scale (mRS) score was measured on the first day of the stroke and after three months. The disability of ischemic stroke patients was compared between patients who developed collateralization and who had not. Among them, 61.6% developed collateralization. Among the patients who developed collateralization after three months, 90.9% patients had mRS scale of ≤2 and who not developed collateralization, 85.7% patients had mRS scale of ≤2. In both the groups, the p value was <0.05. It can be concluded that carotid stenosed patients who suffered from ischemic stroke, most of the patients disability improved to some extents whether collateralization developed or not among the major vessels.
Theoretical Discourse on Producing High Temporal Yields of Nuclear Excitations in Cosmogenic 26Al with a PW Laser System: The Pathway to an Astrophysical Earthbound Laboratory
Authors: Spohr Klaus Michael , Doria Domenico , Meyer Bradley Stewart 
Published: December 2018

The development of the 10 PW laser system at the Extreme Light Infrastructure is a crucial step towards the realization of an astrophysical Earthbound laboratory. The interaction of high-power laser pulses with matter results in ultrashort (fs-ps) pulses of 10s of MeV ions and radiation that can create plasma and induce nuclear reactions therein. Due to the high fluxes of reaction-driving beam pulses, high yields of radioactive target nuclei in their ground and excited states can be provided in situ on short time scales. Cosmogenic 26Al, which is of pronounced astrophysical interest, is a prime candidate for evaluating these new experimental possibilities. We describe how, for a short duration of Δ t ∼ 200 ps , laser-driven protons with energies above E p ∼ 5 MeV can induce the compound nucleus reaction 26Mg(p, n)26Al leading to high and comparable yields of the three lowest-lying states in 26Al including the short-lived, t 1 / 2 = 1.20 ns state at 417 keV. In the aftermath of the reaction, for a short duration of t ∼ ns , the yield ratios between the ground and the two lowest-lying excited states will resemble those present at thermodynamic equilibrium at high temperatures, thus mimicking high 26Al entropies in cold environments. This can be seen as a possible first step towards an investigation of the interplay between those states in plasma environments. Theory suggests an intricate coupling of the ground state 26Alg.s. and the first excited isomer 26mAl via higher-lying excitations such as the J = 3 + state at 417 keV resulting in a dramatic reduction of the effective lifetime of 26Al which will influence the isotope’s abundance in our Galaxy.
Common Heritable Immunological Variations Revealed in Genetically Diverse Inbred Mouse Strains of the Collaborative Cross
Authors: Collin Roxanne , Balmer Lois , Morahan Grant , Lesage Sylvie 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Variations in the proportion and number of specific immune cell types among healthy individuals are influenced by both heritable and nonheritable factors. Mouse models, subjected to fewer nonheritable factors than humans, allow the identification of genetic factors that shape the immune system. We characterized immunological trait variability in the Collaborative Cross (CC), a powerful genetic resource of recombinant inbred mouse strains derived from eight diverse founder strains. Of the 18 immunological traits studied in more than 60 CC strains, eight showed genome-wide significant linkage, revealing new genetic loci linked to specific immune traits. We also found that these traits were highly subject to heritable influences. As for humans, mouse immunological traits varied as a continuum rather than as discrete immunophenotypes. The CC thus represents a useful resource to identify factors that determine immunological variations, as well as defining other immune traits likely to be heritable in humans.
Applicability of Bolton’s Analysis: A Study on Tibetan Community
Authors: Sajal K. K. , Gupta Rishabh , Pai Vikram , Desai Pooja , Mishra Sudhir K. , Hosamani Jagadish 
Published: December 2018

Aim
This study aimed to evaluate the anterior and overall ratios of Tibetan population residing at Mundgod and to compare the obtained ratios to the ratios available from Bolton’s study.

Materials and Methods
The study consists of randomly selected 120 samples of Tibetan population ranging in age from 15 to 25 years, residing at Mundgod, Karnataka (60 males and 60 females). After measuring the width of each tooth, overall and anterior ratios were measured using formula proposed by Bolton.

Statistical Analysis
Anterior and overall tooth ratios obtained from the study were compared to standard Bolton’s ratio by one-sample t-test. The differences between males and females were compared by independent samples t-test.

Results
The overall ratio was significantly lower for both males (P = 0.03) and females (P = 0.001) at 90.20 and 88.93, respectively, when compared to the Bolton’s value of 91.3, whereas anterior ratio for males (P = 0.001) was significantly higher at 77.9 when compared to Bolton’s value of 77.2. The combined values of males and females when compared to Bolton’s value, i.e., the combined overall ratio (P = 0.001) was significantly lower at 89.5 and the combined anterior ratio (P = 0.016) was significantly higher at 78.7.

Conclusion
In the present study, significant difference was observed between the overall and anterior ratios in Tibetan population as compared to the Bolton’s value. Therefore, Bolton’s original data cannot be applied for Tibetan population.
Determinación de calidad de agua en el Lago Vichuquén, con imágenes de satélite Landsat 8, sensor OLI, año 2016, Chile
Authors: Briceño I. , Pérez W. , San Miguel D. , Ramos S. 
Published: December 2018

<p>Trophic structure deterioration in continental water bodies (lakes and damps) has been a growing problem during the last years. Numerous factors, either natural or man-made contribute in value increments of various water quality indexes ranging toward eutrophication. Our study had objective to use remote sensing as complementary tool to study the spatial distribution and dynamics of Lake Vichuquén water quality parameters in two seasons of 2016 through the use of two satellite images of the Landsat 8 OLI sensor, with in situ and laboratory data. The Chl-a and Z<sub>SD</sub> parameters were estimated from multiple linear regression models. The results indicate that the trophic state of Lake Vichuquén corresponds to a eutrophic level in summer and mesotrophic in autumn. The laboratory analyzes establish for the summer and autumn season that the Chl-a data oscillate between 14.1 and 5.5 μg/l and for the Z<sub>SD</sub> between 3.7 and 2.5 m respectively. The increase in the levels of eutrophication of Lake Vichuquén is influenced in the first place by the seasonality and secondly by the different land uses that accelerate this type of processes; such as the plantations of radiata pine and eucalyptus, the agricultural activities and the urban areas surrounding the lake. The mean square error for each variable and each season varied in Chl-a in summer and another year 0.74 and 0.01 µg/l and Z<sub>SD</sub> 0.16 m respectively.</p>
De toepassing van de klachtplicht bezien vanuit het Wetsvoorstel kwaliteitsborging voor het bouwen
Authors: van Gulijk S. 
Published: December 2018

De toepassing van de klachtplicht bezien vanuit het Wetsvoorstel kwaliteitsborging voor het bouwen
In deze bijdrage wordt ingegaan op de klachtplichtregeling, waarvoor de algemene wettelijke grondslag in artikel 6:89 BW is neergelegd. Specifiek voor de consumentenkoop en de aanneming van werk zijn daarvan afwijkende regelingen opgenomen, respectievelijk in artikel 7:23 en artikel 7:758 lid 3 BW. De klachtplichtregeling van artikel 7:758 lid 3 BW zal gaan wijzigen. De regering is immers voornemens in titel 7.12 BW (aanneming van werk) drie privaatrechtelijke wijzigen door te voeren in het kader van het Wetsvoorstel kwaliteitsborging voor het bouwen. Aan artikel 7:758 BW zal een nieuw lid 4 worden toegevoegd. In deze bijdrage wordt allereerst de klachtplichtregeling van artikelen 6:89, 7:23 en 7:758 lid 3 BW toegelicht. Vervolgens wordt ingegaan op de gevolgen van het voorgestelde nieuwe lid 4 voor de toepassing van de klachtplicht in de praktijk.
A World to Live In
Authors: Woodwell George M. 
Published: December 2018

A scientist makes a powerful case that preservation of the integrity of the biosphere is a necessity and an inviolable human right.
A century of industrial development is the briefest of moments in the half billion years of the earth's evolution. And yet our current era has brought greater changes to the earth than any period in human history. The biosphere, the globe's life-giving envelope of air and climate, has been changed irreparably. In A World to Live In, the distinguished ecologist George Woodwell shows that the biosphere is now a global human protectorate and that its integrity of structure and function are tied closely to the human future.
The earth is a living system, Woodwell explains, and its stability is threatened by human disruption. Industry dumps its waste globally and makes a profit from it, invading the global commons; corporate interests overpower weak or nonexistent governmental protection to plunder the planet. The fossil fuels industry offers the most dramatic example of environmental destruction, disseminating the heat-trapping gases that are now warming the earth and changing the climate forever. The assumption that we can continue to use fossil fuels and “adapt” to climate disruption, Woodwell argues, is a ticket to catastrophe.
But Woodwell points the way toward a solution. We must respect the full range of life on earth—not species alone, but their natural communities of plant and animal life that have built, and still maintain, the biosphere. We must recognize that the earth's living systems are our heritage and that the preservation of the integrity of a finite biosphere is a necessity and an inviolable human right.
The Environmental Humanities
Authors: Emmett Robert S. , Nye David E. 
Published: December 2018

A concise overview of this multidisciplinary field, presenting key concepts, central issues, and current research, along with concrete examples and case studies.
The emergence of the environmental humanities as an academic discipline early in the twenty-first century reflects the growing conviction that environmental problems cannot be solved by science and technology alone. This book offers a concise overview of this new multidisciplinary field, presenting concepts, issues, current research, concrete examples, and case studies. Robert Emmett and David Nye show how humanists, by offering constructive knowledge as well as negative critique, can improve our understanding of such environmental problems as global warming, species extinction, and over-consumption of the earth's resources. They trace the genealogy of environmental humanities from European, Australian, and American initiatives, also showing its cross-pollination by postcolonial and feminist theories.
Emmett and Nye consider a concept of place not synonymous with localism, the risks of ecotourism, and the cultivation of wild areas. They discuss the decoupling of energy use and progress, and point to OECD countries for examples of sustainable development. They explain the potential for science to do both good and harm, examine dark visions of planetary collapse, and describe more positive possibilities—alternative practices, including localization and degrowth. Finally, they examine the theoretical impact of new materialism, feminism, postcolonial criticism, animal studies, and queer ecology on the environmental humanities.
The Dash—The Other Side of Absolute Knowing
Authors: Comay Rebecca , Ruda Frank 
Published: December 2018

An argument that what is usually dismissed as the “mystical shell” of Hegel's thought—the concept of absolute knowledge—is actually its most “rational kernel.”
This book sets out from a counterintuitive premise: the “mystical shell” of Hegel's system proves to be its most “rational kernel.” Hegel's radicalism is located precisely at the point where his thought seems to regress most. Most current readings try to update Hegel's thought by pruning back his grandiose claims to “absolute knowing.” Comay and Ruda invert this deflationary gesture by inflating what seems to be most trivial: the absolute is grasped only in the minutiae of its most mundane appearances. Reading Hegel without presupposition, without eliminating anything in advance or making any decision about what is essential and what is inessential, what is living and what is dead, they explore his presentation of the absolute to the letter.
The Dash is organized around a pair of seemingly innocuous details. Hegel punctuates strangely. He ends the Phenomenology of Spirit with a dash, and he begins the Science of Logic with a dash. This distinctive punctuation reveals an ambiguity at the heart of absolute knowing. The dash combines hesitation and acceleration. Its orientation is simultaneously retrospective and prospective. It both holds back and propels. It severs and connects. It demurs and insists. It interrupts and prolongs. It generates nonsequiturs and produces explanations. It leads in all directions: continuation, deviation, meaningless termination. This challenges every cliché about the Hegelian dialectic as a machine of uninterrupted teleological progress. The dialectical movement is, rather, structured by intermittency, interruption, hesitation, blockage, abruption, and random, unpredictable change—a rhythm that displays all the vicissitudes of the Freudian drive.
Panpsychism in the West
Authors: Skrbina David 
Published: December 2018

An updated edition of a comprehensive study of the theory that mind exists, in some form, in all living and nonliving things.
In Panpsychism in the West, the first comprehensive study of the subject, David Skrbina argues for the importance of panpsychism—the theory that mind exists, in some form, in all living and nonliving things—in consideration of the nature of consciousness and mind. Panpsychism, with its conception of mind as a general phenomenon of nature, uniquely links being and mind. More than a theory of mind, it is a meta-theory—a statement about theories of mind rather than a theory in itself. Panpsychism can parallel almost every current theory of mind; it simply holds that, no matter how one conceives of mind, such mind applies to all things. After a brief discussion of general issues surrounding philosophy of mind, Skrbina examines the panpsychist views of philosophers from the pre-Socratics to the post-structuralists.
The original edition of Panpsychism in the West helped to reinvigorate a neglected and important aspect of philosophic thinking. This revised edition offers expanded and updated material that reflects the growth of panpsychism as a subdiscipline. It covers the problem of emergence of mind from a non-mental reality and the combination problem in greater detail. It offers expanded coverage of the pre-Socratics and Plato; a new section on Augustine; expanded discussions of Continental panpsychism, scientific arguments, Nietzsche, and Whitehead; and a new section on Russellian monism. With this edition, Panpsychism in the West will be continue to be the standard work on the topic.
Liquidation World
Authors: Kukuljevic Alexi 
Published: December 2018

An examination of the disoriented subject of modernity: a dissolute figure who makes an makes an object of its absence; from Baudelaire to Broodthaers.
In Liquidation World, Alexi Kukuljevic examines a distinctive form of subjectivity animating the avant-garde: that of the darkly humorous and utterly disoriented subject of modernity, a dissolute figure that makes an art of its own vacancy, an object of its absence. Shorn of the truly rotten illusion that the world is a fulfilling and meaningful place, these subjects identify themselves by a paradoxical disidentification—through the objects that take their places. They have mastered the art of living absently, of making something with nothing. Traversing their own morbid obsessions, they substitute the nonsensical for sense, the ridiculous for the meaningful.
Kukuljevic analyzes a series of artistic practices that illuminate this subjectivity, ranging from Marcel Duchamp's Three Standard Stoppages to Charles Baudelaire's melancholia. He considers the paradox of Duchamp's apparatus in the Stoppages and the strange comedy of Marcel Broodthaers's relation to the readymade; the comic subject in Jacques Vaché and the ridiculous subject in Alfred Jarry; the nihilist in Paul Valéry's Monsieur Teste; Oswald Wiener's interpretation of the dandy; and Charles Baudelaire as a happy melancholic. Along the way, he also touches on the work of Thomas Bernhard, Andy Kaufman, Buster Keaton, and others. Finally, he offers an extended analysis of Danny's escape from his demented father in Stanley Kubrick's The Shining.
Each of these subjects is, in Freud's terms, sick—sick in the specific sense that they assume the absence of meaning and the liquidation of value in the world. They concern themselves with art, without assuming its value or meaning. Utterly debased, fundamentally disoriented, they take the void as their medium.
The Eugenic Mind Project
Authors: Wilson Robert A. 
Published: December 2018

An examination of eugenic thinking past and present, from forced sterilization to prenatal screening, drawing on experience with those who survived eugenics.
Part science and part social movement, eugenics emerged in the late nineteenth century as a tool for human improvement. In response to perceived threats of criminality, moral degeneration, feeble-mindedness, and “the rising tide of color,” eugenic laws and social policies aimed to better the human race by regulating reproductive choice through science and technology. In this book, Rob Wilson examines eugenic thought and practice—from forced sterilization to prenatal screening—drawing on his experience working with eugenics survivors. Using the social sciences' standpoint theory as a framework to understand the intersection of eugenics, disability, social inclusiveness, and human variation, Wilson focuses on those who have lived through a eugenic past and those confronted by the legacy of eugenic thinking today. By doing so, he brings eugenics from the distant past to the ongoing present.

Wilson discusses such topics as the conceptualization of eugenic traits; the formulation of laws regulating immigration and marriage and requiring sexual sterilization; the depiction of the targets of eugenics as “subhuman”; the systematic construction of a concept of normality; the eugenic logic in prenatal screening and contemporary bioethics; and the incorporation of eugenics and disability into standpoint theory.
Individual purchasers of this book will receive free access to the documentary Surviving Eugenics, available at EugenicsArchive.ca/film.
Norbert Wiener—A Life in Cybernetics
Authors: Wiener Norbert 
Published: December 2018

Norbert Wiener's celebrated autobiography, available for the first time in one volume.
Norbert Wiener—A Life in Cybernetics combines for the first time the two volumes of Norbert Wiener's celebrated autobiography. Published at the height of public enthusiasm for cybernetics—when it was taken up by scientists, engineers, science fiction writers, artists, and musicians—Ex-Prodigy (1953) and I Am a Mathematician (1956) received attention from both scholarly and mainstream publications, garnering reviews and publicity in outlets that ranged from the New York Times and New York Post to the Virginia Quarterly Review.
Norbert Wiener was a mathematician with extraordinarily broad interests. The son of a Harvard professor of Slavic languages, Wiener was reading Dante and Darwin at seven, graduated from Tufts at fourteen, and received a PhD from Harvard at eighteen. He joined MIT's Department of Mathematics in 1919, where he remained until his death in 1964 at sixty-nine. In Ex-Prodigy, Wiener offers an emotionally raw account of being raised as a child prodigy by an overbearing father. In I Am a Mathematician, Wiener describes his research at MIT and how he established the foundations for the multidisciplinary field of cybernetics and the theory of feedback systems. This volume makes available the essence of Wiener's life and thought to a new generation of readers.