bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Extracellular micro/nanovesicles rescue kidney from ischemia‐reperfusion injury
Authors: Farzamfar Saeed , Hasanpour Akram , Nazeri Niloufar , Razavi Hengameh , Salehi Majid , Shafei Shilan , Nooshabadi Vajiheh T. , Vaez Ahmad , Ehterami Arian , Sahrapeyma Hamed , Ai Jafar 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAcute renal failure (ARF) is a clinical challenge that is highly resistant to treatment, and its high rate of mortality is alarming. Ischemia–reperfusion injury (IRI) is the most common cause of ARF. Especially IRI is implicated in kidney transplantation and can determine graft survival. Although the exact pathophysiology of renal IRI is unknown, the role of inflammatory responses has been elucidated. Because mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have strong immunomodulatory properties, they are under extensive investigation as a therapeutic modality for renal IRI. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play an integral role in cell‐to‐cell communication. Because the regenerative potential of the MSCs can be recapitulated by their EVs, the therapeutic appeal of MSC‐derived EVs has dramatically increased in the past decade. Higher safety profile and ease of preservation without losing function are other advantages of EVs compared with their producing cells. In the current review, the preliminary results and potential of MSC‐derived EVs to alleviate kidney IRI are summarized. We might be heading toward a cell‐free approach to treat renal IRI.
Astaxanthin but not quercetin preserves mitochondrial integrity and function, ameliorates oxidative stress, and reduces heat‐induced skeletal muscle injury
Authors: Yu Tianzheng , Dohl Jacob , Chen Yifan , Gasier Heath G. , Deuster Patricia A. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractHeat stress causes mitochondrial dysfunction and increases mitochondrial production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), both of which contribute to heat‐induced skeletal muscle injury. In this study, we tested whether either astaxanthin or quercetin, two dietary antioxidants, could ameliorate heat‐induced skeletal muscle oxidative injury. In mouse C2C12 myoblasts exposed to 43°C heat stress, astaxanthin inhibited heat‐induced ROS production in a concentration‐dependent manner (1–20 μM), whereas the ROS levels remained high in cells treated with quercetin over a range of concentrations (2–100 µM). Because mitochondria are both the main source and a primary target of heat‐induced ROS, we then tested the effects of astaxanthin and quercetin on mitochondrial integrity and function, under both normal temperature (37°C) and heat stress conditions. Quercetin treatment at 37°C induced mitochondrial fragmentation and decreased membrane potential (ΔΨ
m), accompanied by reduced protein expression of the master regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor‐γ coactivator‐1α (PGC‐1α). It also induced cleavage of mitochondrial inner‐membrane fusion protein OPA1. In contrast, astaxanthin at 37°C increased protein expression of PGC‐1α and mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM), and maintained tubular structure and normal ΔΨm. Under 43°C heat stress conditions, whereas quercetin failed to rescue C2C12 cells from injury, astaxanthin treatment prevented heat‐induced mitochondrial fragmentation and depolarization, and apoptotic cell death. We also isolated rat flexor digitorum brevis myofibers and confirmed the data from C2C12 myoblasts that astaxanthin but not quercetin preserves mitochondrial integrity and function and ameliorates heat‐induced skeletal muscle injury. These results confirm that mitochondria may be a potential therapeutic target for heat‐related illness and suggest that astaxanthin may potentially be an effective preventive strategy.
Molecular pathogenesis of interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome based on gene expression
Authors: Karamali Maryam , Shafabakhsh Rana , Ghanbari Zinat , Eftekhar Tahereh , Asemi Zatollah 
Published: January 2019

AbstractInterstitial cystitis/painful bladder syndrome (IC/PBS) is a chronic bladder inflammation that leads to chronic bladder pain and urinary urgency and frequency. The presentation of IC/PBS is heterogeneous, and it is classified as ulcerative IC/PBS and nonulcerative IC/PBS. The main cause of IC/PBS is thought to be a persistent inflammatory condition in the bladder, though the actual pathophysiology has not been identified yet. Although the underlying pathophysiology of IC/PBS is not completely understood, several theories for the etiology of this syndrome have been suggested, including deficiency of the glycosaminoglycan covering urothelium surface that results in leaky urothelium infection, immunological etiology, activated mast cells, neural changes, and inflammation. In addition, there are no gold standards for the detection of this disorder to date. So, determination of gene expression and its role in different signaling pathways in the pathogenesis of this heterogeneous disorder contribute to the more efficient cognition of the pathophysiology of this disease and to the design of effective treatments and molecular diagnostic methods for IC/PBS.
Determinants of fraud examination performance: An empirical study of internal investigation reports
Authors: Gottschalk Petter 
Published: January 2019

AbstractFraud examiners from global auditing firms and local law firms are in the business of private policing by conducting internal investigations in private and public organisations when there is suspicion of financial crime. The business is often characterised by secrecy, and reports of investigations are often difficult or impossible to disclose. Since 2012, we have successfully retrieved 63 fraud examination reports in Scandinavia. Based on these reports, this article presents a statistical analysis of fraud examination performance. Performance was measured in terms of the extent of successful reconstruction of past events and the extent of justification of conclusions from the examinations. We identified three statistically significant determinants of fraud examination performance: the seriousness of the consequences, the relative seriousness of the consequences and the conclusions, and the seriousness of the conclusions.
Use of gadoxetate disodium in patients with chronic liver disease and its implications for liver imaging reporting and data system (LI‐RADS)
Authors: Chernyak Victoria , Fowler Kathryn J. , Heiken Jay P. , Sirlin Claude B. 
Published: January 2019

Use of gadoxetate disodium, a hepatobiliary gadolinium‐based agent, in patients with chronic parenchymal liver disease offers the advantage of improved sensitivity for detecting hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Imaging features of liver observations on gadoxetate‐enhanced MRI may also serve as biomarkers of recurrence‐free and overall survival following definitive treatment of HCC. A number of technical and interpretative pitfalls specific to gadoxetate exist, however, and needs to be recognized when protocoling and interpreting MRI exams with this agent. This article reviews the advantages and pitfalls of gadoxetate use in patients at risk for HCC, and the potential impact on Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI‐RADS) imaging feature assessment and categorization.Level of Evidence: 5Technical Efficacy Stage: 2J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2019;49:1236–1252.
MRI analysis of fecal volume and dryness: Validation study using an experimental oxycodone‐induced constipation model
Authors: Mark Esben B. , Bødker Mark B. , Grønlund Debbie , Østergaard Lasse R. , Frøkjær Jens B. , Drewes Asbjørn M. 
Published: January 2019

BackgroundOpioids are known to affect gastrointestinal motility, but their effect on fluid absorption and secretion is poorly understood in humans.PurposeTo investigate the effect of oxycodone on colonic fecal volume and stool dryness by using a novel MRI‐based technique.Study TypeProspective, randomized, double‐blinded, crossover study.SubjectsTwenty‐five healthy male volunteers (median age: 24 years [range: 21–56]; mean body mass index [BMI]: 23.9 kg/m2 [range: 22.9–25.0]) without known gastrointestinal disease.Field Strength/SequenceT2‐weighted and two‐point Dixon MRI scans of the abdomen at 1.5 T.AssessmentSubjects were treated for 5 days with prolonged‐release oxycodone or a placebo. Imaging was performed on the first and last study day in each period. Images of the colon were analyzed with semiautomatic k‐means‐based segmentation software. Regional colonic fecal volumes were quantified excluding gas volume and colon wall. Two‐point Dixon and T2‐weighted MRI signal intensity were assessed as a proxy of colonic stool dryness. Data were obtained in a previously reported study.Statistical TestsIntraclass correlation coefficients were used to test the reliability of measurements between days, while repeated measures mixed models were applied to test treatment effects.ResultsAfter oxycodone treatment, total colonic fecal volume was significantly increased compared with placebo (mean change 100 mL vs. –13 mL; P = 0.001), with the largest increase (24%) observed in the ascending colon/cecum (P = 0.001). Dixon signal increased (less water in colon content) after oxycodone treatment compared with placebo (mean 0.09 vs. –0.02; P < 0.001). T2‐weighted signal decreased (less water in colon content) after oxycodone treatment compared with placebo (mean –0.03 vs. 0.03; P = 0.002).Data ConclusionThe 5‐day oxycodone treatment increased colonic fecal volume and increased stool dryness compared with placebo. This imaging‐based method for noninvasive analysis of colon content has the potential to characterize gastrointestinal symptoms in general, such as in constipation.Level of Evidence: 2Technical Efficacy Stage: 1J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2019;50:733–745.
Real‐time Raman analysis of cleaning solution: Determination of Al/Alq3 residue in cleaning mixture
Authors: Cui Yinhua , Shim Ho Jae , Gao Yuan , Pyo Sung Gyu 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe analysis of cleaning solutions is difficult, especially if a chemical reaction occurs in the mixed solution. Such chemical reactions lead to real‐time changes in the vibrations of the molecules due to changes in the binding forces. Thus, techniques for analyzing mixed solutions are required to determine the processes that occur during the cleaning process. A real‐time intermolecular vibrational analysis method employing Raman spectroscopy is used herein for quantitative analysis of organic and inorganic residues in TFD4 cleaning solution (TFD4 comprises a mixture of anionic and nonionic surfactant agents, potassium hydroxide, and stabilizing agents). This study also identifies the development of a new peak, indicative of Al‐bonding in TFD4 solution during the cleaning process, and demonstrates that a change in the bonding occurs in the solution. The result of Raman intensity measurement by changing the bonding strength in solution can be applied to make predictive models and analytical techniques that can indicate the relationship of mixed solution.
Development and characterization of biodegradable films from whey protein concentrate, psyllium husk and oxidized, crosslinked, dual‐modified lotus rhizome starch composite
Authors: Sukhija Sakshi , Singh Sukhcharn , Riar Charanjit S 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe combined effect of variously chemically modified lotus rhizome starch, whey protein concentrate, psyllium husk and glycerol was evaluated on developed biodegradable films.RESULTSDual‐modified lotus rhizome starch composite films presented minimum solubility and water vapor permeability and maximum tensile strength among native and modified starch composite films. Elongation at break of dual‐modified starch composite films (FLCOS1, FLCOS2) was found to be a maximum, whereas a decrease was observed for FLCOS3. Oxidized lotus rhizome starch composite films were the most transparent among native and modified starch composite films, whereas crosslinked lotus rhizome starch composite films were the least transparent. Scanning electron microscopy indicated a homogeneous compact surface of oxidized starch composite films, whereas troughs were observed in crosslinked and dual‐modified starch composite films. Using whey protein concentrate, psyllium husk and glycerol without any phase separation, smoother films and with compact microstructures were produced. Fourier transform infrared analysis revealed additional peaks for modified starch films, confirming greater interaction among starch and film‐forming components, whereas amorphous structure was indicated from X‐ray diffraction results of modified starch composite films.CONCLUSIONSOwing to various properties of modified starches, these films find application in edible contact packages and can better be used for products where higher structural integrity and lower water vapor transmission are needed. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Fortification of zinc in a parboiled low‐amylose rice: effects of milling and cooking
Authors: Wahengbam Elizabeth D , Green Brian D , Hazarika Manuj K 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDRice is a staple diet for many people, however, it is not a good source of micronutrients. The process of parboiling induces several desirable changes in rice: it improves the retention of available micronutrients, and in the case of low‐amylose varieties it eases the cooking requirement. During parboiling of brown rice, when soaking is conducted in micronutrient‐rich solutions, it affects fortification. This study is aimed at examining the suitability of the method of zinc fortification by a brown rice parboiling process in a low‐amylose rice.RESULTSApplication of the method of zinc fortification by a brown rice parboiling process increased the zinc content in unmilled rice. Milling caused a reduction in zinc content per gram of grain, indicating a high concentration of zinc at the outer layer. Both milled and unmilled rice could retain more than 86% of zinc upon cooking. Changes in colour values in uncooked rice, due to zinc fortification, were non‐significant at P ≤ 0.05. Rehydration of zinc‐fortified rice at 60 °C for 25 min yielded hardness values similar to that of its cooked form.CONCLUSIONThe method of zinc fortification by brown rice parboiling is a pragmatic way to produce zinc‐fortified parboiled rice to combat zinc deficiency with a reduced cooking requirement from a low‐amylose rice variety. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Combined double vascularized lymph node transfers and modified radical reduction with preservation of perforators for advanced stages of lymphedema
Authors: Ciudad Pedro , Manrique Oscar J , Adabi Kian , Huang Tony Chieh‐Ting , Agko Mouchammed , Trignano Emilio , Chang Wei‐Ling , Chen Tsung‐Wei , Salgado Christopher J. , Chen Hung‐Chi 
Published: January 2019

BackgroundTreatment of advanced lymphedema requires not only restoration of physiological lymph drainage, but also excision of fibrotic tissue and excess skin. The aim of this study is to show how the combination of double vascularized lymph node transfers (VLNTs) and a modified radical reduction with preservation of perforators (RRPP) can accomplish both of these treatment goals.MethodsBetween 2010 and 2016, 16 patients (15 female and one male) with extremity lymphedema underwent a combined double gastroepiploic VLNTs and modified RRPP. Demographics, outcomes including circumference reduction rates, preoperative and postoperative lymphoscintigraphy, complications, and responses to the Lymphedema Quality of Life (LYMQOL) questionnaire were analyzed.ResultsAll flaps survived. The mean follow‐up period was 14.2 months (range, 12‐19). The mean circumference reduction rate was 74.5% ± 6.9% for the upper limb and 68.0% ± 4.2% for the lower limb. There were no major complications. Minor complications, including numbness and hyperesthesia, were treated conservatively. LYMQOL showed a 2.7‐fold quality‐of‐life improvement (P < 0.01). Postoperative lymphoscintigraphy showed improved lymphatic drainage in all cases.ConclusionCombined double VLNTs and modified RRPP safely and effectively improves lymphatic drainage, reduces fibrotic tissue and excess skin, decreases episodes of infections, and improves patients’ quality of life in the advanced stages of lymphedema.
Modern‐Day Nationwide Utilization of Intravascular Ultrasound and Its Impact on the Outcomes of Percutaneous Coronary Intervention With Coronary Atherectomy in the United States
Authors: Desai Rupak , Patel Upenkumar , Fong Hee Kong , Sadolikar Ashish , Zalavadia Dipen , Gupta Sonu , Doshi Rajkumar , Sachdeva Rajesh , Kumar Gautam 
Published: January 2019

ObjectivesIntravascular ultrasonography (IVUS) and coronary atherectomy (CA) are useful modalities in managing calcified coronary lesions. Considering an inadequacy of data, we aimed to compare the outcomes with versus without IVUS assistance in percutaneous coronary interventions (PCIs) with CA.MethodsFrom the National (Nationwide) Inpatient Sample data set for the years 2012 to 2014, we identified adult patients undergoing PCI and CA with or without IVUS assistance using International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification codes. We assessed the impact of IVUS on procedural outcomes, length of stay, total hospital charges, and predictors of IVUS utilization by multivariable analyses. Discharge weights were used to calculate national estimates.ResultsA total of 46,095 PCIs with CA procedures were performed from 2012 to 2014, of these, 4800 (10.4%) procedures were IVUS‐assisted. IVUS‐assisted procedures showed lower odds of in‐hospital mortality (odds ratio, 0.57; P = .024) but higher odds of any cardiac complication (odds ratio, 1.25; P = .025). Total hospital charges were higher in IVUS‐assisted procedures without any substantial difference in the length of stay between the groups. Cardiac complication rates declined (from 16.2% to 14.8%) from 2012 to 2014, whereas inpatient mortality increased (1.1%–4.4%) in IVUS‐assisted procedures during the same period. The odds of IVUS utilization were higher in Asian/Pacific Islander and urban teaching and western region hospitals. Comorbidities, including hypertension, obesity, and chronic pulmonary disease, raised odds of IVUS utilization.ConclusionsIVUS‐assisted procedures showed lower in‐hospital mortality and higher iatrogenic and overall cardiac complications. The mortality rate in patients undergoing IVUS‐assisted PCI with CA was on the rise, with declining cardiac complication rates from 2012 to 2014.
Localized peaking regimes for quasilinear parabolic equations
Authors: Shishkov Andrey E. , Yevgenieva Yevgeniia A. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThis paper deals with the asymptotic behavior as of all weak (energy) solutions of a class of equations with the following model representative:
urn:x-wiley:0025584X:media:mana201700436:mana201700436-math-0002with prescribed global energy function
urn:x-wiley:0025584X:media:mana201700436:mana201700436-math-0003Here , , , Ω is a bounded smooth domain, . Particularly, in the case
urn:x-wiley:0025584X:media:mana201700436:mana201700436-math-0008it is proved that the solution u remains uniformly bounded as in an arbitrary subdomain and the sharp upper estimate of when has been obtained depending on and . In the case for all , sharp sufficient conditions on degeneration of near that guarantee the above mentioned boundedness for an arbitrary (even large) solution have been found and the sharp upper estimate of a final profile of the solution when has been obtained.
Contextualizing customer organizational citizenship behaviors: The changing nature of value cocreation and customer satisfaction across service settings
Authors: Choi Laee , Lawry Charles A. , Kim MiRan 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThis study identified economic, emotional, and relational value as outcomes of customer organizational citizenship behaviors (COCBs; Study 1: in‐depth interviews). Study 2 (filed survey) found that COCBs have the strongest impact on emotional value compared with economic and relational value. Economic, emotional, and relational value also lead to customer satisfaction. Specifically, the findings supported that emotional value asymmetrically influences customer satisfaction, whereas economic and relational value symmetrically and positively influence customer satisfaction. Study 3 (filed survey) demonstrated that emotional value through COCBs has a greater and symmetrical influence on satisfaction in hedonic rather than utilitarian service contexts. However, economic value through COCBs is negatively associated with satisfaction in hedonic contexts, and there is no significant difference in the impact of relational value on satisfaction between service contexts. This study furnishes empirical evidence for the associations among COCBs, value perceptions, and customer satisfaction, along with their dynamic relationship patterns across service contexts.
Exploring efficiency differentials between Saudi higher education institutions
Authors: Mousa Wael , Ghulam Yaseen 
Published: January 2019

There have been considerable public debates surrounding the efficiency of Saudi higher education institutions, specifically after Vision 2030. We explore the efficiency of institutions of higher learning in Saudi Arabia. Panel data from 61 higher education institutions are employed for the academic years 2008–2014 to estimate efficiency scores. Also, second stage regression analysis was employed to identify the main determinants of efficiency scores. We conclude that despite exponential growth in government funding for the higher education sector, technical efficiencies remained almost stagnant over the study period along with a persistence of inefficiencies. Second stage regression results confirm that institution ownership itself does not have a significant effect on efficiency scores. However, being a university and acquiring more than 20 years of experience have a positive impact on efficiency scores. An increase in both lower secondary completion rates and percentage of female students in secondary general education increases efficiencies, whereas higher employment to population ratio and increasing female academic staff ratio in tertiary education reduces institutional efficiencies.
Compact coplanar waveguide power splitter with filtering capability based on slow‐wave structures
Authors: Vélez Paris , Aznar‐Ballesta Francisco , Coromina Jan , Bonache Jordi , Martín Ferran 
Published: January 2019

AbstractA compact coplanar waveguide (CPW) power splitter with filtering capability is presented in this paper. The splitter consists of a pair of 70.71 Ω impedance inverters implemented by means of inductively and capacitively loaded slow‐wave structures. Such slow‐wave structures efficiently shorten the length of the inverters, thereby providing substantial size reduction to the power splitter. The filtering functionality is due to the Bragg effect, related to periodicity. The proposed splitter, designed to be functional at 1 GHz, exhibits good performance at that frequency, with measured return loss of 20.6 dB and insertion loss of 3.15 dB and 3.23 dB at the output ports. Moreover, the suppression level at the first, second and third harmonic frequency is better than 12.4 dB, 34.6 dB and 24.7 dB, respectively. As compared to the length of the ordinary inverters, the length of the constitutive slow‐wave impedance is reduced by a factor of two.
Dual‐Band Microstrip‐Fed SQUARE ring antenna input and output performances analysis for Wi‐Fi application
Authors: Mbinack Clément 
Published: January 2019

AbstractSimple and fast analytical methods are developed to investigate microstrip‐fed square ring antenna. Input impedance is calculated using the parallel plate capacitance model inspired of the rectangular microstrip patch antenna. Radiation properties are theoretically performed using pure TEM of wave propagation. It has been established that microstrip square ring antenna has similar radiation properties to the conventional rectangular microstrip patch antenna with surface reduction.