bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
NExUS: Bayesian simultaneous network estimation across unequal sample sizes
Authors: Das Priyam , Peterson Christine B , Do Kim-Anh , Akbani Rehan , Baladandayuthapani Veerabhadran 
Published: August 2019

AbstractMotivationNetwork-based analyses of high-throughput genomics data provide a holistic, systems-level understanding of various biological mechanisms for a common population. However, when estimating multiple networks across heterogeneous sub-populations, varying sample sizes pose a challenge in the estimation and inference, as network differences may be driven by differences in power. We are particularly interested in addressing this challenge in the context of proteomic networks for related cancers, as the number of subjects available for rare cancer (sub-)types is often limited.ResultsWe develop NExUS (Network Estimation across Unequal Sample sizes), a Bayesian method that enables joint learning of multiple networks while avoiding artefactual relationship between sample size and network sparsity. We demonstrate through simulations that NExUS outperforms existing network estimation methods in this context, and apply it to learn network similarity and shared pathway activity for groups of cancers with related origins represented in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) proteomic data.Availability and implementationThe NExUS source code is freely available for download at https://github.com/priyamdas2/NExUS.Supplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Above the Action: The Cultural Politics of WatchingDota 2
Authors: Elam Jessica , Taylor Nick 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe rise of live-streaming platforms, and the related surge in popularity of esports, remind us that there is a politics of watching play. This article extends intensified scholarly interest in game spectatorship, offering a materialist consideration of the embodied work involved in spectating competitive game play. Most readily associated with the discursive alignments between competitive gaming and/as sport, the active camera mode used by esports competitors and “shoutcasters” facilitates analyzing the highly kinetic action of team-based combat in first-person shooters and multiplayer online battle arenas. Here, we draw from microanalyses of audio-visual recordings taken as individual participants spectated a Dota 2 match. Examining the cognitive and perceptual competencies they draw from, we argue that participants are incorporated into apparatuses of perception associated with militarized optical media. While at a discursive level esports spectators may be watching sports, at a material level they are playing with the logics of drones.
The response of mixed-species bird flocks to anthropogenic disturbance and elevational variation in southwest China
Authors: Zhou Liping , Peabotuwage Indika , Gu Hao , Jiang Demeng , Hu Guohua , Jiang Aiwu , Mammides Christos , Zhang Mingxia , Quan Rui-Chang , Goodale Eben 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Avian mixed-species flocks (MSFs) are an important example of species interactions threatened by the biodiversity crisis. They are found throughout the world in forested habitats but are generally reduced in size or frequency by human disturbance. In southern China, a unique MSF system is led by several species of closely- related fulvettas (Alcippe morrisonia, A. hueti, and A. davidi). Our objective was to understand how this system is distributed across elevational gradients, especially moving west into the Hengduan Mountains, and how it responds to human disturbance. We sampled leadership and composition of 375 MSFs over 2 yr in and surrounding 5 nature reserves in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Yunnan Province, with transects placed in different land use types—protected forest, buffer areas, or agriculture—and ranging from 400 to 3,200 m. We also sampled birds outside of MSFs. We found MSFs led by fulvettas (A. fratercula and A. davidi) in forests across the region up to 2,900 m. Elevation was not a significant influence on MSF size or prevalence in models that also included land use. We found that MSFs were encountered at only one-third of the frequency in agriculture as in forest, and had strongly different composition and leadership. Although MSFs in buffer areas were more similar to those in forest, birds in buffer areas had lower flocking propensity, different flock leaders, and less complex social networks. In particular, buffer transects that were seeded pine had low numbers of fulvetta-led MSFs and forest specialists in MSFs. In the future, it is important to understand which vegetational characteristics allow MSFs, particularly fulvetta-led MSFs, to persist in buffer habitats.
Elastomeric cardiopatch scaffold for myocardial repair and ventricular support
Authors: Chachques Juan Carlos , Lila Nermine , Soler-Botija Carolina , Martinez-Ramos Cristina , Valles Ana , Autret Gwennhael , Perier Marie-Cecile , Mirochnik Nicolas , Monleon-Pradas Manuel , Bayes-Genis Antoni , Semino Carlos E 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Prevention of postischaemic ventricular dilatation progressing towards pathological remodelling is necessary to decrease ventricular wall deterioration. Myocardial tissue engineering may play a therapeutic role due to its capacity to replace the extracellular matrix, thereby creating niches for cell homing. In this experimental animal study, a biomimetic cardiopatch was created with elastomeric scaffolds and nanotechnologies.

METHODS
In an experimental animal study in 18 sheep, a cardiopatch was created with adipose tissue-derived progenitor cells seeded into an engineered bioimplant consisting of 3-dimensional bioabsorbable polycaprolactone scaffolds filled with a peptide hydrogel (PuraMatrix™). This patch was then transplanted to cover infarcted myocardium. Non-absorbable poly(ethyl) acrylate polymer scaffolds were used as controls.

RESULTS
Fifteen sheep were followed with ultrasound scans at 6 months, including echocardiography scans, tissue Doppler and spectral flow analysis and speckle-tracking imaging, which showed a reduction in longitudinal left ventricular deformation in the cardiopatch-treated group. Magnetic resonance imaging (late gadolinium enhancement) showed reduction of infarct size relative to left ventricular mass in the cardiopatch group versus the controls. Histopathological analysis at 6 months showed that the cardiopatch was fully anchored and integrated to the infarct area with minimal fibrosis interface, thereby promoting angiogenesis and migration of adipose tissue-derived progenitor cells to surrounding tissues.

CONCLUSIONS
This study shows the feasibility and effectiveness of a cardiopatch grafted onto myocardial infarction scars in an experimental animal model. This treatment decreased fibrosis, limited infarct scar expansion and reduced postischaemic ventricular deformity. A capillary network developed between our scaffold and the heart. The elastomeric cardiopatch seems to have a positive impact on ventricular remodelling and performance in patients with heart failure.
Trump, Populism, and American Foreign Policy
Authors: Wojczewski Thorsten 
Published: August 2019

AbstractEmploying a discursive understanding of populism and combing it with insights of poststructuralist international relations theory and Lacanian psychoanalysis, this article examines the conceptual links between foreign policy and populist forms of identity construction, as well as the ideological force that populism can unfold in the realm of foreign policy. It conceptualizes populism and foreign policy as distinct discourses that constitute collective identities by relating Self and Other. Identifying different modes of Othering, the article illustrates its arguments with a case study on the United States under Donald Trump and shows how the Trumpian discourse has used foreign policy as a platform for the (re)production of a populist-nationalist electoral coalition. Unlike common conceptions of populism as an ideology that misrepresents reality, the article argues that the discourse develops its ideological appeal by obscuring the discursive construction of social reality and thereby promising to satisfy the subject's desire for a complete and secure identity.
How States Order the World: A Typology of “Core” and “Peripheral” Foreign Policy
Authors: Pijović Nikola 
Published: August 2019

AbstractEvery state's foreign policy has to deal with other states, regions, and transnational issues, not all of whom are likely to receive the same level of policy-making interest and attention. States have differing foreign policy priorities, but how do we conceptualize those different priorities? To explain how states order the world and prioritize their foreign policy, I establish an ideal typology of “core” and “peripheral” foreign policy, which categorizes more and less important foreign policy spaces and issues. This typology contributes to foreign policy analysis's “middle-range” theorizing by establishing how and why the determinants, processes, and goals of foreign policy–making in these distinct types differ, and where policy-makers have the greatest ability to influence change in foreign policy. One of the key insights of this research relates to how structure and agency differently influence foreign policy–making: “core” foreign policy tends to be more structurally rigid and obtrusive, allowing less maneuverability for actor agency seeking to change the status quo, while “peripheral” foreign policy is less structurally rigid and obtrusive, allowing for greater actor agency in changing foreign policy direction and priorities. Hence, this typology should aid our understanding and prediction of foreign policy priorities and decisions.
Whole wheat cracker fortified with biocalcium and protein hydrolysate powders from salmon frame: characteristics and nutritional value
Authors: Idowu Anthony Temitope , Benjakul Soottawat , Sinthusamran Sittichoke , Pongsetkul Jaksuma , Sae-Leaw Thanasak , Sookchoo Pornsatit 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Objectives
This study aimed to develop whole wheat crackers fortified with biocalcium (BC) and protein hydrolysate (PH) powders from salmon frame at varying substitution levels.

Materials and Methods
Whole wheat cracker fortified with BC and protein hydrolysate PH powders from salmon frame was produced. BC and PH powders or their mixtures at different ratios (3:1, 1:1, 1:3) were used to fortify the dough mix at a substitution level of 16.67% based on the whole wheat flour content. The physical, textural, sensory, and nutritional profiles of the crackers produced were examined and compared with crackers without fortification.

Results
The weight, colour, textural properties, and thickness of the crackers varied with the addition of different ratios of BC and PH powders. The incorporation of BC/PH at ratio (3:1) showed no negative effect on sensory properties. The crackers thus produced possessed higher protein, fat, calcium, phosphorus, sodium, and cholesterol but lower carbohydrate, sugar, fibre, and energy value than the control crackers without fortification. The crackers contained 0.026–0.045 mg/100 g polyunsaturated fatty acid. Developed crackers had a denser structure and were less porous than the control crackers as shown in scanning electron microscopic images. In scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopic (SEM-EDX) analysis, the crackers fortified with BC/PH at ratio (3:1) had higher calcium and phosphorus contents and intensity than the control.

Conclusions
This study demonstrated that the addition of BC and PH powders obtained from salmon frame represent a promising means of increasing the nutritive values of crackers.
Application of modified atmosphere packaging using silicone membrane system for shelf life extension of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) and its effect on physico-chemical properties
Authors: Srivastava Shubhangi , Said Prashant 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Objectives
The study was conducted to prolong the shelf life of freshly harvested pomegranate fruits and to find out its physiochemical properties during storage.

Materials and Methods
Pomegranate fruits of variety ‘Bhagawa’ were stored in 200, 300 gauge high-density polyethylene (HDPE) package, and silicone membrane modified atmospheric storage system at ambient conditions and 10°C. Gas composition inside the package, texture, color, and overall quality parameters were evaluated at these two storage temperatures. The physico-chemical properties such as total soluble solids, titratable acidity, ascorbic acid content, total, reducing, and non-reducing sugars, and physiological loss in weight (PLW) were also determined.

Results
In ambient storage, the shelf life of pomegranate fruit was 10 days, whereas in modified atmosphere packaging (200 gauge HDPE, 300 gauge HDPE, and silicone membrane system), the shelf life of pomegranate fruits was extended up to 60, 60, 25 days at ambient and 96, 96, 65 days at 10°C temperature, respectively.

Conclusions
Among the 200, 300 gauge HDPE package, and silicone membrane system treatments T1, T5, and T8, respectively, were found better with respect to all the sensory and quality parameters studied.
Improving Breast Imaging Clinical Productivity
Authors: Ellis Richard L 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Given current and evolving medical expectations from patients and ever-increasing complexities and demands placed upon clinical breast radiologists, to include patient access, workflow, communications, and timely medical reports, we need support systems to help advance professional productivity and efficiency. Likewise, advancing technological support with integrated systems should help support the objectives of increased professional productivity, career satisfaction, and quality patient care. In this report, we review important elements that help advance the mission of clinical breast radiologists, while meeting or exceeding patient expectations.
Septic arthritis of the manubriosternal joint presenting as a chest-wall swelling in an immunocompetent patient
Authors: O’Connor Adam , Furtado Sanjay 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Septic arthritis of the manubriosternal joint is a rare pathology, often mistaken for other disease processes given its location and chest pain symptoms. We present a case of a 58-year-old man presenting with a dull ache in his chest after returning from a holiday. Initially under the care of the physicians locally, he was investigated for respiratory and cardiac causes of chest pain with no findings. Eventually, a lump was noted on examination of the chest prompting further imaging, which confirmed a diagnosis of manubriosternal septic arthritis. He was discussed and referred to tertiary cardiothoracics, who recommended conservative treatment with 6 weeks of antibiotics. To date, there has been a good recovery. We present this case alongside a discussion of the limited literature, in particular highlighting how difficult a diagnosis it is to make but one that surgeons and medics alike should be aware of.
Giant right coronary artery aneurysm presenting as an STEMI
Authors: Crabbe Jennifer , Hussain Azar , Vijayan Ajith , John Joseph , Loubani Mahmoud 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Giant coronary artery aneurysms are an infrequent finding. They are typically discovered incidentally, rarely presenting with any symptoms. We present the case of a 72-year-old gentleman who presented with an ST elevated myocardial infarction. On investigation, the gentleman was found to have a giant right coronary artery aneurysm which was partially filled with a fresh thrombus. The thrombus occluded the RCA, triggering the myocardial infarction which leads to this gentleman’s presentation to a tertiary cardiac centre. The gentleman underwent a successful resection of the aneurysm and coronary artery bypass graft over the RCA lesion with a saphenous vein conduit. This gentleman has since been discharged from hospital after an uncomplicated postoperative course.
The stellar velocity dispersion in nearby spirals: radial profiles and correlations
Authors: Mogotsi Keoikantse Moses , Romeo Alessandro B 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The stellar velocity dispersion, σ, is a quantity of crucial importance for spiral galaxies, where it enters fundamental dynamical processes such as gravitational instability and disc heating. Here we analyse a sample of 34 nearby spirals from the Calar Alto Legacy Integral Field Area (CALIFA) spectroscopic survey, deproject the line-of-sight σ to σR and present reliable radial profiles of σR as well as accurate measurements of ⟨σR⟩, the radial average of σR over one effective (half-light) radius. We show that there is a trend for σR to increase with decreasing R, that ⟨σR⟩ correlates with stellar mass (M⋆) and tested correlations with other galaxy properties. The most significant and strongest correlation is the one with M⋆: $\langle \sigma _{R}\rangle \propto M_{\star }^{0.5}$. This tight scaling relation is applicable to spiral galaxies of type Sa–Sd and stellar mass M⋆ ≈ 109.5–1011.5 M⊙. Simple models that relate σR to the stellar surface density and disc scale length roughly reproduce that scaling, but overestimate ⟨σR⟩ significantly.
Quantifying the RNA cap epitranscriptome reveals novel caps in cellular and viral RNA
Authors: Wang Jin , Alvin Chew Bing Liang , Lai Yong , Dong Hongping , Xu Luang , Balamkundu Seetharamsingh , Cai Weiling Maggie , Cui Liang , Liu Chuan Fa , Fu Xin-Yuan , Lin Zhenguo , Shi Pei-Yong , Lu Timothy K , Luo Dahai , Jaffrey Samie R , Dedon Peter C 
Published: August 2019

AbstractChemical modification of transcripts with 5′ caps occurs in all organisms. Here, we report a systems-level mass spectrometry-based technique, CapQuant, for quantitative analysis of an organism's cap epitranscriptome. The method was piloted with 21 canonical caps—m7GpppN, m7GpppNm, GpppN, GpppNm, and m2,2,7GpppG—and 5 ‘metabolite’ caps—NAD, FAD, UDP-Glc, UDP-GlcNAc, and dpCoA. Applying CapQuant to RNA from purified dengue virus, Escherichia coli, yeast, mouse tissues, and human cells, we discovered new cap structures in humans and mice (FAD, UDP-Glc, UDP-GlcNAc, and m7Gpppm6A), cell- and tissue-specific variations in cap methylation, and high proportions of caps lacking 2′-O-methylation (m7Gpppm6A in mammals, m7GpppA in dengue virus). While substantial Dimroth-induced loss of m1A and m1Am arose with specific RNA processing conditions, human lymphoblast cells showed no detectable m1A or m1Am in caps. CapQuant accurately captured the preference for purine nucleotides at eukaryotic transcription start sites and the correlation between metabolite levels and metabolite caps.
Minimally Invasive Endoscopic Aspiration of a Spinal Epidural Dermoid Cyst Extending From T10 to the Sacrum: 2-Dimensional Operative Video
Authors: Hatchette Charles V , Aoun Salah G , El Ahmadieh Tarek Y , Smalley Lauren , Patel Ankur R , Zhao Lee , Singla Nirmish , Mauck Ryan , Rickert Kim L , Whitworth Tony 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Dermoid cysts are space-occupying tumors that can occur anywhere in the neuroaxis. Although categorized as benign lesions, they can compromise normal structures, causing neurological function loss, and have a tendency to recur often requiring repeated surgical resections. We illustrate the case of an extensive epidural dermoid cyst in a 22-yr-old woman who presented with progressive loss of neurological motor function in her lower extremities as well as bowel and bladder incontinence. The tumor extended from T10 to the sacrum, and a conventional operation would have entailed serial laminectomies that would cross the thoracolumbar and lumbosacral junctions, possibly requiring an instrumented fusion. Given the fact that operation would have carried significant morbidity, especially with the high likelihood of symptomatic tumoral recurrence, we consulted with our urology colleagues to find a minimally invasive way of reducing the tumor burden and decompressing the neural elements. The patient was taken to the operating room and a limited open lumbosacral durotomy was performed. A flexible cystoscope was then passed in the epidural space and used to suction the tumor. Postoperative imaging showed adequate resection, and the patient recovered neurological function completely. She had mini-mal recurrence at 3 yr and remained asymptomatic. This technical video note showcases the potential for use of endoscopy for spine tumors that have an amenable consistency, even in highly eloquent areas such as the conus medullaris. It also serves to highlight the benefits of interdisciplinary cooperation when treating complex disease.
This case report was written in compliance with our institutional ethical review board. Institutional Review Board (IRB) approval and patient consent was waived in light of the retrospective and deidentified nature of the data presented in accordance with the University of Texas SouthWestern IRB. Patient consent was waived for writing this manuscript in light of the retrospective and deidentified nature of the data presented in accordance with our institutional IRB.
Anakinra in children and adults with Still’s disease
Authors: Vastert Sebastiaan J , Jamilloux Yvan , Quartier Pierre , Ohlman Sven , Osterling Koskinen Lisa , Kullenberg Torbjörn , Franck-Larsson Karin , Fautrel Bruno , de Benedetti Fabrizio 
Published: August 2019

AbstractSystemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis and adult-onset Still’s disease are rare autoinflammatory disorders with common features, supporting the recognition of these being one disease—Still’s disease—with different ages of onset. Anakinra was recently approved by the European Medicines Agency for Still’s disease. In this review we discuss the reasoning for considering Still’s disease as one disease and present anakinra efficacy and safety based on the available literature. The analysis of 27 studies showed that response to anakinra in Still’s disease was remarkable, with clinically inactive disease or the equivalent reported for 23–100% of patients. Glucocorticoid reduction and/or stoppage was reported universally across the studies. In studies on paediatric patients where anakinra was used early or as first-line treatment, clinically inactive disease and successful anakinra tapering/stopping occurred in >50% of patients. Overall, current data support targeted therapy with anakinra in Still’s disease since it improves clinical outcome, especially if initiated early in the disease course.
Calcinosis in scleroderma made crystal clear
Authors: Hsu Vivien , Varga John , Schlesinger Naomi 
Published: August 2019

Purpose of reviewReview the current state of knowledge and recent developments in the field of scleroderma-related calcinosis [systemic sclerosis (SSc)-calcinosis], focusing on emerging information related to pathophysiology.Recent findingsRecent studies have begun to characterize that factors that regulate ectopic mineralization, and those that underlie the imbalance of promoters and inhibitors of this process in SSc.SummaryCalcinosis cutis due to ectopic mineralization is a common and highly troublesome complication of SSc. Despite its significant prevalence and clinical impact, the pathogenesis is poorly understood and effective treatment is lacking. More research to better understand the pathophysiology is needed for the identification of novel management strategies for this severe complication of SSc.