bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of prolonged dialysis prior to renal transplantation
Authors: Aufhauser David D. , Peng Allison W. , Murken Douglas R. , Concors Seth J. , Abt Peter L. , Sawinski Deirdre , Bloom Roy D. , Reese Peter P. , Levine Matthew H. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractIntroductionThe new kidney allocation system (KAS) prioritizes patients based on date of dialysis initiation or waitlisting, whichever is earlier. We hypothesized that this change would increase transplant rates for patients with prolonged pretransplant dialysis times (DT) and aimed to assess the impact of prolonged DT on post‐transplant outcomes.MethodsWe used United Network for Organ Sharing registry data to assess outcomes for patients added to the renal transplant waitlist from January 1, 1998 to December 31, 2010 and patients transplanted from January 1, 1998 to December 3, 2012.ResultsCompared with patients transplanted pre‐emptively, patients with <5 years, 5‐9 years, and ≥10 years DT had progressively decreased graft and patient survival (P < .001). The rates of short‐term complications including delayed graft function, graft loss within 30 days, and patient death within 30 days were significantly higher in cohorts with ≥10 years DT than in cohorts with less DT (P < .001).ConclusionsPatients with pretransplant DT of ≥10 years had worse outcomes than patients pre‐emptively transplanted or transplanted with shorter DT. Durations of dialysis dependence beyond 10 years were associated with further deterioration in short‐term but not long‐term post‐transplant outcomes.
The Eating and Drinking Ability Classification System: concurrent validity and reliability in children with cerebral palsy
Authors: Tschirren Lea , Bauer Susanne , Hanser Chiara , Marsico Petra , Sellers Diane , van Hedel Hubertus J A 
Published: April 2018

AimAs there is little evidence for concurrent validity of the Eating and Drinking Ability Classification System (EDACS), this study aimed to determine its concurrent validity and reliability in children and adolescents with cerebral palsy (CP).MethodAfter an extensive translation procedure, we applied the German language version to 52 participants with CP (30 males, 22 females, mean age 9y 7mo [SD 4y 2mo]). We correlated (Kendall's tau or Kτ) the EDACS levels with the Bogenhausener Dysphagiescore (BODS), and the EDACS level of assistance with the Manual Ability Classification System (MACS) and the item ‘eating’ of the Functional Independence Measure for Children (WeeFIM). We further quantified the interrater reliability between speech and language therapists (SaLTs) and between SaLTs and parents with Kappa (κ).ResultsThe EDACS levels correlated highly with the BODS (Kτ=0.79), and the EDACS level of assistance correlated highly with the MACS (Kτ=0.73) and WeeFIM eating item (Kτ=−0.80). Interrater reliability proved almost perfect between SaLTs (EDACS: κ=0.94; EDACS level of assistance: κ=0.89) and SaLTs and parents (EDACS: κ=0.82; EDACS level of assistance: κ=0.89).InterpretationThe EDACS levels and level of assistance seem valid and showed almost perfect interrater reliability when classifying eating and drinking problems in children and adolescents with CP.What this paper adds

The Eating and Drinking Ability Classification System (EDACS) correlates well with a dysphagia score.

The EDACS level of assistance proves valid.

The German version of EDACS is highly reliable.

EDACS correlates moderately to highly with other classification systems.
Cover Image, Volume 20, Issue 5
Authors: Mietlicki‐Baase Elizabeth G. , Liberini Claudia G. , Workinger Jayme L. , Bonaccorso Ron L. , Borner Tito , Reiner David J. , Koch‐Laskowski Kieran , McGrath Lauren E. , Lhamo Rinzin , Stein Lauren M. , De Jonghe Bart C. , Holz George G. , Roth Christian L. , Doyle Robert P. , Hayes Matthew R. 
Published: April 2018

The cover image, by Elizabeth G. Mietlicki‐Baase et al., is based on the Original Article A vitamin B12 conjugate of exendin‐4 improves glucose tolerance without associated nausea or hypophagia in rodents, DOI: 10.1111/dom.13222.
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Efficacy and safety of MYL‐1501D vs insulin glargine in patients with type 1 diabetes after 52 weeks: Results of the INSTRIDE 1 phase III study
Authors: Blevins Thomas C. , Barve Abhijit , Sun Bin , Ankersen Michael 
Published: April 2018

AimTo test the safety and efficacy of MYL‐1501D, a proposed insulin glargine biosimilar, in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM).MethodsThe safety and efficacy of MYL‐1501D and reference insulin glargine were evaluated in INSTRIDE 1, a 52‐week, open‐label, randomized, phase III study in patients with T1DM. The primary objective was to determine whether once‐daily MYL‐1501D was non‐inferior to once‐daily insulin glargine when administered in combination with mealtime insulin lispro based on change in glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) from baseline to week 24. Secondary endpoints were changes in fasting plasma glucose, insulin dose, self‐monitored blood glucose and immunogenicity from baseline, and occurrences of hypoglycaemic, nocturnal hypoglycaemic and adverse events up to week 52.ResultsOverall, 558 patients were randomized 1:1 to MYL‐1501D or reference insulin glargine in combination with thrice‐daily mealtime insulin lispro for 52 weeks. The mean change in HbA1c from baseline to week 24 was 0.14% (standard error [SE] 0.054; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.033, 0.244) for MYL‐1501D and 0.11% (SE 0.054; 95% CI 0.007, 0.220) for reference insulin glargine. MYL‐1501D had a safety profile similar to that of reference insulin glargine and was well tolerated in patients with T1DM up to week 52.ConclusionsThe upper 95% CI limit for mean change in HbA1c at week 24 indicated that MYL‐1501D was non‐inferior to reference insulin glargine. There were no clinically meaningful differences between groups in incidence of overall and nocturnal hypoglycaemia, local or systemic reactions, safety or immunogenicity.
Histological evaluation of the repair process of replanted rat teeth after storage in resveratrol dissolved in dimethyl sulphoxide
Authors: Poi Wilson R. , Sonoda Celso K. , Amaral Marina F. , Queiroz Alfredo F. , França Alline B. , Brandini Daniela A. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractBackground/AimThe storage media is directly related to the prognosis of avulsed teeth, with resveratrol drawing attention due to its antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory proprieties. The aim of this study was to evaluate the repair process in rat teeth following delayed replantation after storage in resveratrol (R) dissolved in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO).Materials and MethodsThe upper right central incisors of 36 rats were divided into 4 groups. In group I, the teeth were extracted and immediately replanted. Group II teeth were stored in 50 mL R+DMSO (0.0512 g/mL), whereas group III teeth were stored in 50 mL pure DMSO, both for a period of 60 minutes. The teeth of group IV were stored dry for 60 minutes. The teeth of groups II, III and IV were then replanted, and the animals were euthanized after 60 days. Longitudinal histological cuts were HE stained for histomorphometric analysis of the periodontal ligament, alveolar bone, cementum and dentin.ResultsThe analysis of HE stained histological sections showed the following statistical differences: the acute inflammatory process in the epithelial insertion was less prominent in group II than in group III; the organization of the periodontal ligament was better in group I, while the intensity and extension of acute inflammation in the periodontal ligament were better in group I, and worse in group III; the chronic inflammatory infiltrate was less in groups I and IV, and the depth and extent of resorption, as well as the repair of root resorption, were better in group I.ConclusionsStorage in R+DMSO solution did not inhibit root resorption after delayed replantation in rat teeth. It is concluded that pure DMSO is not a suitable transport medium for avulsed teeth.
Soil organic carbon and nitrogen dynamics induced by continuous maize cropping compared to maize–soya bean rotation
Authors: Dou X. , Li F. , Cheng X. , Zhu P. 
Published: April 2018

SummaryAgricultural measures that alter soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) dynamics might affect biogeochemical cycling. We combined soil chemical fractionation with isotope analyses to investigate C and N dynamics of soil organic matter pools (SOMP) after 25 years of cropping with the application of manure. Soil samples (0–20‐ and 20–40‐cm depths) were taken from the control (CK, i.e. the initial soil condition) and two cropping treatments: continuous maize (Zea mays L.) (MM) and maize–soya bean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) rotation (MS). Samples were separated into recalcitrant and labile fractions and analysed for C and N content, δ13C and δ15N values, and soil C and N recalcitrance indices (RIC and RIN). Long‐term MM and MS cropping with manure application increased the soil organic carbon (SOC) storage considerably (1852.69 g C m−2 on average) because of enhanced recalcitrant C (RC) and labile C (LC). Soil organic nitrogen (SON) storage (166.79 g C m−2 on average) was also increased in MM and MS treatments from the accumulation of recalcitrant N (RN). In contrast, labile N (LN) was reduced in soil under MM and MS compared with CK. Storage of SOC was greater for MS than MM, but RIC was larger for MM than MS in the top layer, indicating that MM cropping might be more effective for future soil C sequestration because of the greater proportion of stable C stored. The RIN values were larger in cropped soil than in CK at 0–20‐cm depth. Moreover, the δ13C values indicated that the turnover rates of soil C were faster in MS than in MM. The more enriched δ15N values and decreased C:N ratios of SOMP occurred in soil under MM than under MS, indicating a greater loss of soil N with MM cropping.Highlights
We investigated soil C and N dynamics under long‐term cropping combined with manure.
We combined soil chemical fractionation with isotope analyses to determine C sequestration and turnover.
Long‐term cropping increased recalcitrant C and N and labile C but decreased labile N.
Continuous maize cropping would be better for stable C accumulation than maize–soya bean rotation.
Physical properties controlling water repellency in synthesized granular solids
Authors: Saulick Y. , Lourenço S. D. N. , Baudet B. A. , Woche S. K. , Bachmann J. 
Published: April 2018

SummaryThe wettability of granular solids such as soil is known to depend primarily on two factors: their inherent chemistry and their physical properties, such as their particle size, particle shape and surface roughness. Nevertheless, the distinctive physical properties of such materials have not been fully explored to gauge their wettability. In this study, the difference in wettability between a flat solid (microscope slide) and three granular solids, namely glass beads (GB), Leighton Buzzard Sand (LBS) and crushed Glass (CG), which have different physical properties, were examined. The effect of chemistry was isolated by strongly hydrophobizing the above materials by treatment with dimethyldichlorosilane. Wettability measurements were made by measuring the water–solid contact angle (CA) by the sessile drop method after adhering one layer of uniformly oriented granular solids on to double‐sided adhesive tape initially attached to a microscope slide. Techniques for particle characterization included sieving for particle size, dynamic image analysis for particle shape and confocal laser microscopy to determine surface roughness. Results show that all CAs of the granular solids exceeded that of the hydrophobized microscope slide (103°). The crushed glass had the largest CA (125°). With all three granular solids, there was an increase in CAs as particle size decreased. In addition, as particles became more angular, CAs increased. The influence of shape on wettability became more predominant as particle size decreased. The surface roughness parameter, Ra, was investigated and shown to be sensitive to both the size and shape of the particles. A decrease in Ra from 95.4 to 34.1 μm increased CAs from 107 to 125°. A similar change in CA was shown to correspond to an increase in void fraction from 40.7 to 77.4%. Our results have practical implications for the optimum use of soil by enhancing or suppressing water repellency.Highlights
How do the physical properties of granular solids such as soil influence their wettability?
Effects of physical properties of particles on CAs were investigated when isolated from effect of chemistry.
Particle shape becomes more important in gauging wettability as particle size decreases.
Wettability of granular solids may be physically controlled by specific particle characteristics.
Parasitic wasp‐associated symbiont affects plant‐mediated species interactions between herbivores
Authors: Cusumano Antonino , Zhu Feng , Volkoff Anne‐Nathalie , Verbaarschot Patrick , Bloem Janneke , Vogel Heiko , Dicke Marcel , Poelman Erik H. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractMicrobial mutualistic symbiosis is increasingly recognised as a hidden driving force in the ecology of plant–insect interactions. Although plant‐associated and herbivore‐associated symbionts clearly affect interactions between plants and herbivores, the effects of symbionts associated with higher trophic levels has been largely overlooked. At the third‐trophic level, parasitic wasps are a common group of insects that can inject symbiotic viruses (polydnaviruses) and venom into their herbivorous hosts to support parasitoid offspring development. Here, we show that such third‐trophic level symbionts act in combination with venom to affect plant‐mediated interactions by reducing colonisation of subsequent herbivore species. This ecological effect correlated with changes induced by polydnaviruses and venom in caterpillar salivary glands and in plant defence responses to herbivory. Because thousands of parasitoid species are associated with mutualistic symbiotic viruses in an intimate, specific relationship, our findings may represent a novel and widespread ecological phenomenon in plant–insect interactions.
Declining home range area predicts reduced late‐life survival in two wild ungulate populations
Authors: Froy Hannah , Börger Luca , Regan Charlotte E. , Morris Alison , Morris Sean , Pilkington Jill G. , Crawley Michael J. , Clutton‐Brock Tim H. , Pemberton Josephine M. , Nussey Daniel H. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractDemographic senescence is increasingly recognised as an important force shaping the dynamics of wild vertebrate populations. However, our understanding of the processes that underpin these declines in survival and fertility in old age remains limited. Evidence for age‐related changes in foraging behaviour and habitat use is emerging from wild vertebrate studies, but the extent to which these are driven by within‐individual changes, and the consequences for fitness, remain unclear. Using longitudinal census observations collected over four decades from two long‐term individual‐based studies of unmanaged ungulates, we demonstrate consistent within‐individual declines in home range area with age in adult females. In both systems, we found that within‐individual decreases in home range area were associated with increased risk of mortality the following year. Our results provide the first evidence from the wild that age‐related changes in space use are predictive of adult mortality.
Geographic isolation and larval dispersal shape seascape genetic patterns differently according to spatial scale
Authors: Dalongeville Alicia , Andrello Marco , Mouillot David , Lobreaux Stéphane , Fortin Marie‐Josée , Lasram Frida , Belmaker Jonathan , Rocklin Delphine , Manel Stéphanie 
Published: April 2018

AbstractGenetic variation, as a basis of evolutionary change, allows species to adapt and persist in different climates and environments. Yet, a comprehensive assessment of the drivers of genetic variation at different spatial scales is still missing in marine ecosystems. Here, we investigated the influence of environment, geographic isolation, and larval dispersal on the variation in allele frequencies, using an extensive spatial sampling (47 locations) of the striped red mullet (Mullus surmuletus) in the Mediterranean Sea. Univariate multiple regressions were used to test the influence of environment (salinity and temperature), geographic isolation, and larval dispersal on single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) allele frequencies. We used Moran's eigenvector maps (db‐MEMs) and asymmetric eigenvector maps (AEMs) to decompose geographic and dispersal distances in predictors representing different spatial scales. We found that salinity and temperature had only a weak effect on the variation in allele frequencies. Our results revealed the predominance of geographic isolation to explain variation in allele frequencies at large spatial scale (>1,000 km), while larval dispersal was the major predictor at smaller spatial scale (<1,000 km). Our findings stress the importance of including spatial scales to understand the drivers of spatial genetic variation. We suggest that larval dispersal allows to maintain gene flows at small to intermediate scale, while at broad scale, genetic variation may be mostly shaped by adult mobility, demographic history, or multigenerational stepping‐stone dispersal. These findings bring out important spatial scale considerations to account for in the design of a protected area network that would efficiently enhance protection and persistence capacity of marine species.
Microbial diversity and biomarker analysis of modern freshwater microbialites from Laguna Bacalar, Mexico
Authors: Johnson D. B. , Beddows P. A. , Flynn T. M. , Osburn M. R. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractLaguna Bacalar is a sulfate‐rich freshwater lake on the Yucatan Peninsula that hosts large microbialites. High sulfate concentrations distinguish Laguna Bacalar from other freshwater microbialite sites such as Pavilion Lake and Alchichica, Mexico, as well as from other aqueous features on the Yucatan Peninsula. While cyanobacterial populations have been described here previously, this study offers a more complete characterization of the microbial populations and corresponding biogeochemical cycling using a three‐pronged geobiological approach of microscopy, high‐throughput DNA sequencing, and lipid biomarker analyses. We identify and compare diverse microbial communities of Alphaproteobacteria, Deltaproteobacteria, and Gammaproteobacteria that vary with location along a bank‐to‐bank transect across the lake, within microbialites, and within a neighboring mangrove root agglomeration. In particular, sulfate‐reducing bacteria are extremely common and diverse, constituting 7%–19% of phylogenetic diversity within the microbialites, and are hypothesized to significantly influence carbonate precipitation. In contrast, Cyanobacteria account for less than 1% of phylogenetic diversity. The distribution of lipid biomarkers reflects these changes in microbial ecology, providing meaningful biosignatures for the microbes in this system. Polysaturated short‐chain fatty acids characteristic of cyanobacteria account for <3% of total abundance in Laguna Bacalar microbialites. By contrast, even short‐chain and monounsaturated short‐chain fatty acids attributable to both Cyanobacteria and many other organisms including types of Alphaproteobacteria and Gammaproteobacteria constitute 43%–69% and 17%–25%, respectively, of total abundance in microbialites. While cyanobacteria are the largest and most visible microbes within these microbialites and dominate the mangrove root agglomeration, it is clear that their smaller, metabolically diverse associates are responsible for significant biogeochemical cycling in this microbialite system.
Interdisciplinary knowledge exchange across scales in a globally changing marine environment
Authors: McDonald Karlie S. , Hobday Alistair J. , Fulton Elizabeth A. , Thompson Peter A. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe effects of anthropogenic global environmental change on biotic and abiotic processes have been reported in aquatic systems across the world. Complex synergies between concurrent environmental stressors and the resilience of the system to regime shifts, which vary in space and time, determine the capacity for marine systems to maintain structure and function with global environmental change. Consequently, an interdisciplinary approach that facilitates the development of new methods for the exchange of knowledge between scientists across multiple scales is required to effectively understand, quantify and predict climate impacts on marine ecosystem services. We use a literature review to assess the limitations and assumptions of current pathways to exchange interdisciplinary knowledge and the transferability of research findings across spatial and temporal scales and levels of biological organization to advance scientific understanding of global environmental change in marine systems. We found that species‐specific regional scale climate change research is most commonly published, and “supporting” is the ecosystem service most commonly referred to in publications. In addition, our paper outlines a trajectory for the future development of integrated climate change science for sustaining marine ecosystem services such as investment in interdisciplinary education and connectivity between disciplines.
An empirical test of the relative and combined effects of land‐cover and climate change on local colonization and extinction
Authors: Yalcin Semra , Leroux Shawn James 
Published: April 2018

AbstractLand‐cover and climate change are two main drivers of changes in species ranges. Yet, the majority of studies investigating the impacts of global change on biodiversity focus on one global change driver and usually use simulations to project biodiversity responses to future conditions. We conduct an empirical test of the relative and combined effects of land‐cover and climate change on species occurrence changes. Specifically, we examine whether observed local colonization and extinctions of North American birds between 1981–1985 and 2001–2005 are correlated with land‐cover and climate change and whether bird life history and ecological traits explain interspecific variation in observed occurrence changes. We fit logistic regression models to test the impact of physical land‐cover change, changes in net primary productivity, winter precipitation, mean summer temperature, and mean winter temperature on the probability of Ontario breeding bird local colonization and extinction. Models with climate change, land‐cover change, and the combination of these two drivers were the top ranked models of local colonization for 30%, 27%, and 29% of species, respectively. Conversely, models with climate change, land‐cover change, and the combination of these two drivers were the top ranked models of local extinction for 61%, 7%, and 9% of species, respectively. The quantitative impacts of land‐cover and climate change variables also vary among bird species. We then fit linear regression models to test whether the variation in regional colonization and extinction rate could be explained by mean body mass, migratory strategy, and habitat preference of birds. Overall, species traits were weakly correlated with heterogeneity in species occurrence changes. We provide empirical evidence showing that land‐cover change, climate change, and the combination of multiple global change drivers can differentially explain observed species local colonization and extinction.