bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cadmium And Lead Content In The Barrier Dusts Sampled From The Noise Barriers Located Near To PoznaŃ (Poland) – A Preliminary Study
Authors: Karbowska Bożena , Sydow Mateusz , Zembrzuski Włodzimierz 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
High levels of heavy metals in the environment are dangerous for humans due to possible bioaccumulation of such contaminants by edible plants and herbivores. In this study, total content of cadmium and lead in the barrier dusts sampled from three noise barriers located along E261 expressway in Poland (near Poznań) was determined using flow-injection differential-pulse anodic stripping voltammetry (FIA DP-ASV). The results indicate that total content of the studied metals ranged from 0.09 to 0.6 mg kg-1 (in relation to cadmium) and from 11.873 to 38.193 mg kg-1 (in relation to lead) and depended on the structure of the barriers (i.e. their length) and height of the sampling point. The highest metal contents were detected in samples originated from lower sections (0.0-0.5 m) of the longest noise barrier (1700 m). The results indicate the need for a continuous monitoring of heavy metal contents in the barrier dusts and surrounding agricultural soils.
A Non-Linear Shaped Architecture In Urban Space
Authors: Januszkiewicz Krystyna , Kowalski Karol G. 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
The paper deals with the modernization and adaptation to the new features of existing objects in the urban fabric. In the twenty-first century the digital design tools, which are interfaced with the production of computer technology, have opened the new opportunities that not only are shaping the architectural objects, but also interferencing in the buildings’ structures. The selected objects are examined, which have been implemented in the European cities centers, and the new design approaches, which are taken to induce the new strong interactive effects, are indicated. The analyzed objects are: the Extention of German Historical Museum (1997–2004) in Berlin, the Weltstadthaus (2003–2005) in Cologne, the King Cross Station (2005–2012) in London, the Palazzo Unione Militare (2010–2013) in Rome, the headquarters of the Pathé Foundation (2006–2014) in Paris. Each of the enumerated examples shows a diverse approach to designing, and what combines them is the use of the digital tools especially the topological ones in the constructing the parametric forms, which reflect the age of digital technologies and the information society.
Ergonomics Of Laboratory Rooms – Case Studies Based On The Geotechnical Laboratories At The Silesian University Of Technology
Authors: WINNICKA-JASŁOWSKA Dorota , JASTRZĘBSKA Małgorzata , TYMKIEWICZ Joanna 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
The paper is the first, introductory part to the description of an interdisciplinary research project in the modernization of laboratories at The Faculty of Civil Engineering, The Silesian University of Technology. The scope of the paper is to disseminate the current state of knowledge of ergonomics and issues involved in the technology of laboratory processes, describing the methodology of experiments carried out in geotechnical laboratories, their equipment and spatial requirements in view of the users – research staff. The course and results of the pre-design studies are presented in: PRE-DESIGN STUDIES ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE MODERNIZATION OF GEOTECHNICAL LABORATORIES
Silesian Conurbation As A Polycentric Structure Of Urban Districts
Authors: Stangel Michał , CieliŃska Agnieszka , Harat Łukasz 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
The Silesian conurbation consists of cities, which in many aspects function as one metropolitan organism. This paper is an attempt to characterise the structure of the Silesian conurbation not as composed of cities, but as a system of districts, in the context of the theory of polycentric systems and the importance of quarters for modern urban areas. The authors present a model of the Silesian Conurbation as a set of quarters of various characteristics: housing estates, local centres, industrial districts, etc. The transition from the conurbation into quarters is discussed and the search for elements that combine and bind the quarters space with external elements in view of social and spatial structures. Within such structures, a description of a typical urban quarter – Rokitnica in Zabrze is given, together with a concept of the revitalization of a local quarter centre. The elaborations were prepared within the study subjects “Urban Revitalization and Regeneration” and “Regional Planning” at the Faculty of Architecture, Silesian University of Technology (course coordinator: Professor Krzysztof Gasidło, teacher: Michał Stangel).
Reliability Analysis Of Rigid Pile Caps Using An Iterative Strut-And-Tie Model
Authors: AraÚjo José Milton de 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
The aim of this work is to present a new strut-and-tie model for design of rigid pile caps based on the concept of magnified area under the column. In this magnified area, compressive stresses have been reduced enough not to cause crushing of the struts. An iterative algorithm is used to determine the required depth of the magnified area. The model considers both failure by crushing of the compressed struts and by yielding of the tie reinforcement. A large number of experimental results available in the literature is used to test the model. The partial safety factors method is employed for pile caps design and structural safety is evaluated by means of the reliability index. The small failure probability, estimated through the reliability index, demonstrates the safety of the proposed method. A numerical example of practical use of the model is also presented.
Acoustic Evaluation Of A New Modular System For Green Roofs And Green Walls
Authors: Manso Maria , Castro-Gomes João Paulo , Marchacz Michal , GÓrski Marcin , Dulak Leszek , Zuchowski Rafal 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Environmental noise is a major problem that affects citizen’s health and comfort mainly in densely populated urban areas. There are some ways to reduce environmental noise pollution through the use of materials with good acoustic insulation properties in buildings envelope. Recent studies have shown that green surfaces, e.g. in the form of green roofs and green walls, can contribute to decrease noise levels.
The aim of this research is to identify how factors such as substrate and plants, variety and height of plants, affect the sound absorption of a modular system for green surfaces in simulated conditions. The results show that introduction substrate (S2) can improve the weighted sound absorption coefficient in 15% and the addition of plants (S3) improves it 20% more. However, if a variety of smaller and higher plants is used (S4) the weighted sound absorption coefficient (αw) can reach to 0.80 and an absorption class B can be obtained.
Effect Of Metakaolin Developed From Local Natural Material Soorh On Workability, Compressive Strength, Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity And Drying Shrinkage Of Concrete
Authors: Saand Abdullah , Keerio Manthar Ali , Bangwar Daddan khan 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
The utilization of pozzolanic materials like metakaolin (MK) in cement mortar and concrete is growing in construction industry all around the world to reduce the CO2 release into the atmosphere and reduce energy consumption. This study instigates the performance of concrete containing locally developed metakaolin in terms of workability, unit weight, compressive strength, ultrasonic pulse velocity and drying shrinkage of concrete. The Portland cement (PC) is replaced by inclusion of developed local metakaolin (calcined Soorh at 800°C for 2 hours duration) with dosages range; 5% to 25% with increment of 5% (by weight of cement). The investigation revealed that concrete made with 15% replacement of ordinary Portland cement (OPC) with locally developed metakaolin (MK) has significant influance on workability, compressive strength, ultrasonic pulse velocity measurements and drying shrinkage of concrete as compared to OPC concrete.
On-Site Diagnostics Of The Mechanical Ventilation In Office Buildings
Authors: Blaszczok Monika , KrÓl Małgorzata , Hurnik Maria 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
The methodology for inspecting the ventilation system and on-site measurements for office buildings has been proposed under the project “Development of thermal diagnostics of buildings”. The inspections of the ventilation system in two office buildings were conducted. The design documentations were compared with the existing state of the installations. The measurements of the air flow volume, of the temperature of ventilation air and of the volume flow of the heating medium and its temperature were performed. The measurements allowed to determine the power of the heater referring to the heating medium and to the air. On the basis of the inspection and measurements performed, the technical condition of the ventilation system was determined and its utilization in each of the buildings.
CONTEMPORARY DIRECTIONS FOR DEVELOPMENT OF VILLAGES AND LODGES IN HIGH MOUNTAINS BASED ON THE HIMALAYAS
Authors: PAWEŁCZYK Anna 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
The essence of the studies are present-day mountain shelters, lodges that are open for business and the impact of global tourism on their architecture. While analyzing an aspect of living in time and place context, the types of construction objects found there were determined. The spatial layout of mountain villages was submitted for analysis and the distinguishing characteristics of Himalayan shelters were indicated, based on those located in the Mount Everest area. The paper presents potential directions for development of these types of buildings.
RESEARCH ON THE NEW CFRP PRESTRESSING SYSTEM FOR STRENGTHENING OF RC STRUCTURES
Authors: PIĄTEK Bartosz , SIWOWSKI Tomasz 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
The paper presents a research on the new Polish CFRP prestressing system for strengthening of reinforced concrete structures. The system is called Neoxe Prestressing System II (NPS II). NPS II consists of two main elements: a special steel anchorages mounted on both ends of a single CFRP strip and a tensioning device. The anchorage is made of two steel plates. CFRP strip end is fixed between steel plates through bonding by epoxy resin and gripping by bolts. The tensioning device compatible with anchorages can generate maximum prestressing force of 170 kN. The research on NPS II comprised a series of static and fatigue tests on anchorages themselves, system mounted on strengthened beams as well as on-site, i.e. on actual RC bridge. The system has been examined, its efficiency has been confirmed in laboratory and in field tests and now it is ready to use in strengthening purposes.
THAUMASITE NON-SULPHATE ATTACK AT AMBIENT TEMPERATURE AND PRESSURE
Authors: SŁOMKA-SŁUPIK Barbara , ZYBURA Adam 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
One of the products of concrete sulphate corrosion, besides gypsum and ettringite, is thaumasite. The thaumasite is a very dangerous, non binding crystalline phase, which is forming at the expense of C-S-H phase. There was a conviction that the conditions required for the formation of thaumasite in concrete are: source of calcium silicate, sulfate ions, carbonate ions and a very wet, cold (below 15°C) environment. The corrosion of concrete caused by the external source of sulphate ions during which thaumasite is formed was called thaumasite sulphate attack (shortly TSA). While the TSA is recognized, the thau- masite non-sulphate attack (T n S A ) must be highlighted, because is also possible. The purpose of this work is to show that thaumasite, or solid solutions of Ett-Th (ettringite with thaumasite) are able to form in hardened cement paste without external source of sulphate ions, at ambient temperature and pressure (25±2°C (298.15 K) and 102±1 kPa). The experiment appeared on thaumasite formation in corroded specimen made of CEM I (Portland cement) and of CEM III (slag cement) after 4 days of immersion in saturated water solution of NH4Cl.
A SYSTEMATIC APPROACH FOR THE SELECTION OF THE ARCHITECT/ENGINEER PROFESSIONAL IN CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS
Authors: ASSAF Sadi , HASSANAIN Mohammad A. , HADIDI Laith , AMMAN Azfar 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
This paper presents a model for selecting Architect/Engineer (A/E) professionals for construction projects. The model takes into account all relevant criteria considered by the owner. These criteria were identified through a comprehensive literature review, and were then clustered into seven groups, namely firm background; past experience; technical resources; management capabilities; financial stability; quality assurance; and innovation capability. The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) was utilized to develop a model for A/E professional selection. This involved constructing a hierarchy of the decision, taking into account all of the identified criteria and sub-criteria and comparing the relative importance of each criterion with all other criteria. A synthesis of the results was undertaken to determine the ranking of the different professionals considered in the model. The paper is practically useful to owners interested in achieving the desired cost, quality and time in their projects.
DEVELOPMENT OF SUSTAINABLE ASSESSMENT METHOD AND DESIGN TOOL FOR EXISTING AND TRADITIONAL BUILDINGS IN JORDAN
Authors: MATARNEH Rana Tawfiq 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
In the last ten years, numerous Sustainability Assessment Systems have been developed worldwide to provide construction stakeholders tools that help in achieving better sustainable development. Jordan developed its own Green Building Guideline in 2013 for new buildings but unfortunately, the guideline hasn’t included any criteria for existing or traditional buildings. The main objective of this study is to develop a sustainable Assessment Method for existing and traditional buildings to assist both public and private construction sectors in Jordan in achieving more sustainable buildings. The adopted methodology is based on in-depth analysis of three leading international green building rating systems, which are: LEED and BREEAM and Green Globes, from which a system was developed to meet the requirements of the Jordanian National Building Code. It is expected that the implementation of the developed sustainability assessment method will ease the process of measuring sustainability of existing and traditional buildings and therefore will highlight the importance of traditional architecture to set out fundamental principles for contemporary green housing construction.
SULFATE RESISTANT CONCRETE WITH ALUMINOSILICATE ADDITIVES
Authors: PRYYMACHENKO Artem , SHEINICH Leonid 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
The paper observes an improvement of the sulphate resistance of concrete. This was achieved through creation of dense concrete structure with sulphate resistant binder matrix. Series of tests confirms the positive effect after optimizing the sieve line, also in very fine area; reducing the water-cement ratio with superplasticizer on polycarboxylate basis and restriction of the sulphate sensitive clinker. These steps were possible through adding active aluminosilicate mineral additives. They improve fresh concrete properties, density and corrosion resistance of concrete. The chemical reasons of such effect were explained by the means of x-ray diffraction, differential thermogravimetry and scanning electron microscopy. This development should be widely used in several projects in Ukraine, where sulphate-resistant concrete is needed.
THE SIMULATION OF CORROSION DEGRADATION OF CONCRETE SPECIMEN IN STATIONARY HEAT AND MOISTURE CONDITIONS
Authors: RECHA Faustyn , JAŚNIOK Tomasz , KRYKOWSKI Tomasz 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
This paper is focused on the problem of forecasting damage in reinforced concrete specimens as the consequence of chloride corrosion. The performed numerical calculations included time necessary for filling empty pore space and tightening corrosion products in the interfacial transition zone (ITZ) . In those calculations we assumed the formation of distortional strains in the ITZ layer caused by mass increase of corrosion products dependent on corrosion current intensity.
HYPERBOLIC PARABOLOID (HP) PANTOGRAPHIC STRUCTURE WITH LINER SCISSORS
Authors: OSMANI Arash , MATINI Mohammad Reza , SHAHBAZI Yaser , GOLABI Hossein 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
A pantograph is a foldable structure which consists of scissor link units. A unit consists of two bars elements which are capable of rotating about their intermediate pivot node. The pantographic structures are generally utilized in flat (like roof), cylindrical (like barrel), and spherical (like dome) deployable structure and they are not used in anticlastic structure like hyperbolic parabolic (HP) structure. The HP surface may form when a convex parabolic goes on the length of concave ones with the same curvature. On the other hand, the hyperbolic surface can be constructed using two families of mutually skew lines in which the lines in each family are parallel to a common plane, but not to each other. In this paper, the creation of HP surface with pantographic structure is presented. The creation of a HP pantographic structure is demonstrated with the use of three methods including: a) two border scissors; b) four border scissors; c) All-scissor HP Pantographic Structures. Finally, the proposed methods have been compared.
Mobile Wireless Sensor Networks in a Smart City
Authors: Gomez-Rojas Jorge , Camargo Luis , Montero Ruben 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
This research supports the possibility of implementing in a smart city, a wireless sensor network, with sensitive nodes in movements implemented in public transport system vehicles and static sink nodes located in a vehicular intersection. The methodology contemplates the influence of mobility in obtaining the parameters of network operation, through mathematical models and probabilistic calculations of the data collected through measurement campaigns carried out in a real traffic light intersection. A model is obtained to calculate the probability of success of the communication based on the speed of the sensitive node and the size of the payload.
Exopolysaccharides Produced by Lactobacillus rhamnosus KL 53A and Lactobacillus casei Fyos Affect Their Adhesion to Enterocytes
Authors: KONIECZNA CORINNA , SŁODZIŃSKI MICHAŁ , SCHMIDT MARCIN T. 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Probiotics promote and help to maintain beneficial microbiota composition of the gastrointestinal tract ecosystem and have a positive impact on the host’s health. Production of exopolysaccharides is an important feature of probiotic lactobacilli. It increases the chance of their survival in the gastrointestinal tract and promotes adhesion to the epithelium; therefore, exopolysaccharides are important for the process of colonization. Two lactic acid bacteria strains were used in this study: Lactobacillus rhamnosus KL 53A and Lactobacillus casei Fyos. Exopolysaccharides were isolated from bacterial cells and their monosaccharide composition was examined using liquid chromatography. The influence of exopolysaccharides on lactobacilli adhesion to enterocytes was studied after deglycosylation of the bacterial cells and incubation with the selected intestinal microbiota strains that metabolize polysaccharides – Faecalibacterium prausnitzii DSM 17677 and Blautia luti DSM 14534. Both deglycosylation and incubation with polysaccharide metabolizing strains influenced the ability of probiotic strains to adhere to enterocytes. Enzymatic deglycosylation decreased adhesion efficiency of L. rhamnosus KL 53A; however, co-incubation of both lactobacillus strains with F. prausnitzii DSM 17677 resulted in an increase of their adhesion efficiency. Exopolysaccharides are important adhesins of Lactobacillus spp. that influence their ability to colonize gut epithelium. Other members of gut microbiota can modify the adhesion property in situ; therefore the composition and metabolic state of commensal bacteria may influence their probiotic action.
Biohydrogen Production by Antarctic Psychrotolerant Klebsiella sp. ABZ11
Authors: MOHAMMED ABDULLAHI , ABDUL-WAHAB MOHD FIRDAUS , HASHIM MAZLAN , OMAR ABDUL HAFIDZ , MD REBA MOHD NADZRI , MUHAMAD SAID MOHD FARID , SOEED KAMARUZAMAN , ALIAS SITI AISYAH , SMYKLA JERZY , ABBA MUSTAPHA , IBRAHIM ZAHARAH 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Lower temperature biohydrogen production has always been attractive, due to the lower energy requirements. However, the slow metabolic rate of psychrotolerant biohydrogen-producing bacteria is a common problem that affects their biohydrogen yield. This study reports on the improved substrate synthesis and biohydrogen productivity by the psychrotolerant Klebsiella sp. strain ABZ11, isolated from Antarctic seawater sample. The isolate was screened for biohydrogen production at 30°C, under facultative anaerobic condition. The isolate is able to ferment glucose, fructose and sucrose with biohydrogen production rate and yield of 0.8 mol/l/h and 3.8 mol/g, respectively at 10 g/l glucose concentration. It also showed 74% carbohydrate uptake and 95% oxygen uptake ability, and a wide growth temperature range with optimum at 37°C. Klebsiella sp. ABZ11 has a short biohydrogen production lag phase, fast substrate uptake and is able to tolerate the presence of oxygen in the culture medium. Thus, the isolate has a potential to be used for lower temperature biohydrogen production process.
Gut Microbial Compositions in Four Age Groups of Tibetan Minipigs
Authors: JIANG XIA , CHEN BANGZHU , GU DONGSHU , RONG ZUHUA , SU XIAOHUA , YUE MIN , ZHOU HONGWEI , GU WEIWANG 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
In this study, the gut microbiota was characterized in four age strata of Tibetan minipigs. Results indicated that the fecal bacteria of 7-, 28-, 56-, and 180-day-old minipigs did not significantly differ in terms of phylogenetic diversity (i.e., PD whole tree) or the Shannon index (both, p > 0.05). Findings of a principal coordinate analysis demonstrated that fecal bacteria of 180-day-old minipigs were discernable from those of the other three age groups. From ages seven to 56 days, the abundance of Bacteroidetes or Firmicutes appeared to vary. Regarding genera, the populations of Bacteroides and Akkermansia decreased with increasing age.
Biochemical and Molecular Characterization of a Native Haloalkalophilic Tolerant Strain from the Texcoco Lake
Authors: SOTO-PADILLA MARISELA YADIRA , GORTÁRES-MOROYOQUI PABLO , CIRA-CHÁVEZ LUIS ALBERTO , ESTRADA-ALVARADO MARÍA ISABEL 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
In the last decade several new genera have been isolated in alkaline and halophile growth conditions. The studies conducted in the Texcoco Lake soils have shown a generalized microbial adaptation to the specific conditions. In this research work, morphological and phylogenetic characterization of the HN31(22) strain that was isolated from the cited soil is presented. The strain was identified as a Gram-positive halophile and alkaline tolerant bacteria from the Nesterenkonia genus, which uses different substrates in metabolic processes.
Limits of Enjoyment of Human Rights in the System of the European Social Charter
Authors: Jasudowicz Tadeusz 
Published: September 2018

The article presents a detailed discussion of the derogation of commitments and the limitation of the use of human rights in the European Social Charter system. Some situations in which social rights can be subject to limitations have been discussed in specific examples. In addition, the article contains numerous references to jurisprudence along with the comments and comments of the author who takes up the polemic.