bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The gut-brain axis: microglia in the spotlight
Authors: Mezö Charlotte , Mossad Omar , Erny Daniel , Blank Thomas 
Published: August 2019

Summary
Microbiome research has grown significantly in the last decade, highlighting manifold implications of the microbiota to the host’s health. The gut microbiota is connected to the brain through several avenues that allow their interaction. Thus, recent studies have attemtpted to characterize these connections and enhance our understanding of the so called ‘gut-brain-axis’. Microglia, the central nervous system resident macrophages, are crucial for the proper development and maintenance of brain functions. As immune cells, they are in the spotlight for relaying signals between the microbiota and cells of the brain. In this review, we contemplate on interactions between the gut microbiota and microglia, and their influence on brain functions in health and disease.
Peer responses to self-disclosures in group counseling
Authors: Logren Aija , Ruusuvuori Johanna , Laitinen Jaana 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Drawing on conversation analysis, this study examines how peers respond to each other’s self-disclosures in group counseling interaction. Responses that display sharing and recognition of the experience normalize the experience and build an alliance among group members. This way, responses bring about social support. In addition, responses can offer a different perspective on the views presented in self-disclosures. The responses endorse or challenge the claims that are made and the stance taken in the initial self-disclosure, and link the personal, individual experience to general axioms. The implicit ways of responding to a self-disclosure allow a person to participate in a conversation about intimate and potentially delicate topics without revealing private details. Through self-disclosures and responses to them, participants talk into being the ideals of health counseling and healthy lifestyle: What kind of activities are considered eligible and attainable. The relation of these practices to the institutional goal is intricate. It builds on, first, the stance taken in the self-disclosure toward the institutional goal and the sociocultural values pertaining to it, and second, the responses’ alignment with that stance and what kind of values and ideals it further evokes.
Heracleon and the Seven Categories of Exegetical Opponents in Origen’s Commentary on the Gospel of John
Authors: Berglund Carl Johan 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
While the adversaries of Origen of Alexandria traditionally have been described in general terms as either literalists or Gnostics, Peter Martens has recently argued convincingly that Origen repeatedly refers to more specific categories of literalist opponents, whom he criticizes for particular literal interpretations. This paper argues that a similar specificity applies to his supposedly Gnostic opponents. In his Commentary on the Gospel of John, Origen regularly uses designations such as “the heterodox” or “those who bring in the natures” to identify specific categories of exegetical opponents, which he defines by their particular interpretative practices or their adherence to particular teachings. When he responds to various scriptural interpretations, Origen takes care to specify which of at least seven identifiable categories of exegetical opponents he currently opposes. Throughout the commentary, Origen maintains the distinctions between these categories and Heracleon, the individual interpreter he names most frequently, and he never uses Heracleon’s words as an example of an interpretation by any of the identifiable categories.
Le De quantitate animae d’Augustin, un dialogue philosophique ?
Authors: Lagouanère Jérôme 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Saint Augustine’s De quantitate animae is a dialogue often neglected by scholars who have studied the question of Augustinian dialogue. This study aims to remedy this lack of interest and to show the strategic place of this dialogue in the Augustinian production of the years 386–390. Firstly, after stating the question, the article questions the genre of dialogue and shows that the De quantitate animae of Augustine perfectly meets the criteria defining the genre of the philosophical dialogue. Secondly, this study examines the stakes and the place of the dialectic in this work. In fact, our paper emphasizes, following the analyzes proposed by Giovanni Catapano, the importance of considering the kind of dialogue in Augustine by the yardstick of his epistemological presuppositions. In this perspective, the De quantitate animae appears as a work of transition, which is based on the epistemology of Contra Academicos and the notions of doubt and inconcussum, while announcing the epistemology of the inner Master developed in the De magistro.
Holy Women and Men as Teachers in Late Antique Christianity
Authors: Christensen Maria Munkholt , Gemeinhardt Peter 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This article shows how the theme of education was treated in late antique hagiographical discourse. Brief references are made to two ascetic archetypes, Antony and Macrina, who are both styled in their vitae in relation to education, either by rejecting classical education or appropriating philosophy and substituting classical literature with biblical literature. On this basis the article focuses in more detail on six hagiographical texts and their protagonists, i. e. three texts primarily on men (the Life of Hypatius of Rufiniane, the saints of Theodoret of Cyrus’ Religious History and Cyril of Scythopolis’ Lives of the Monks in Palestine) and three texts on women (the Lives of Marcella, Melania the Younger, and Syncletica). Although classical education is evaluated differently in these texts, and ascetic formation takes various shapes, it is obvious that both male and female saints played a role in the discussion about the Christian appropriation of classical education as well as in the development of particular Christian ideas of formation. A correct use of education was not a hindrance for holiness, but rather a sign of ascetic wisdom. That both men and women, on a literary level, incarnated Christian teachings in their Lives, and that they were able to live and teach Christian ideals, tells us much about the ambitious transformation of education that was visualized in the ascetic literature. The hagiographical texts themselves both reflect the discussion of education and are didactic texts with the aim of establishing new norms.
Experimental Validation of Photovoltaic System with Isolated Dual Inductor dc-dc Converter for Grid-Connected Application
Authors: Hussaini M. Mohammadha , Amala A. Josephine 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This article presents a double inductor–based converter for a grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) system with the utilization of the battery bank. This converter used to give continuous power to the three-phase four-wire power distribution system from the PV array. In order to increase the low magnitude of the PV array output voltage into a high dc voltage required for the three-phase dc link, the proposed system offers two boost stages. The double inductor–based converter gives power to the load in both the switched ON and OFF conditions of the chopping switch over buck, boost, and Cuk converters utilized in the PV-coordinated grid-connected applications. The operations of the proposed double inductor–based converter sustained three-phase four-wire power distribution system are analyzed and presented. The digital simulation and hardware experimental prototype results are presented to examine the performance of the presented double boost converter fed to the three-phase four-wire power distribution system.
On the stability of explicit finite difference schemes for a pseudoparabolic equation with nonlocal conditions
Authors: Jachimavičienė Justina , Sapagovas Mifodijus , Štikonas Artūras , Štikonienė Olga 
Published: August 2019

A new explicit conditionally consistent finite difference scheme for one-dimensional third-order linear pseudoparabolic equation with nonlocal conditions is constructed. The stability of the finite difference scheme is investigated by analysing a nonlinear eigenvalue problem. The stability conditions are stated and stability regions are described. Some numerical experiments are presented in order to validate theoretical results.
The Primacy of Index in Naming Paradigms. Part II
Authors: West Donna E. E. 
Published: August 2019

This analysis highlights the semiotic naming differences between the pronouns, nouns, and verbs. It capitalizes on the role of Peirce’s Object in assigning names and the special character of pronouns and verbs to hasten notice of Objects. It showcases Peirce’s indexical sign as an individuating instrument, by arguing that nouns do not name the Object uniquely. The invoking notice of shifting places via pronouns/verbs is paramount. Naming begins with the most pure Indexes (pronouns), then nouns (which draw upon similar features); afterward, verbs emerge to name the dynamic event profile, illustrating the indispensability of the index. The advances in deictic individuation establish and reinforce the joint attentional ventures: co-signers are compelled not merely to attend to the same Object but to recognize distinctive participant roles in events as well.
Metaphorical Expressions of ‘Limits’ Concepts in Academic Legal Written Language
Authors: Gedzevičienė Dalia 
Published: August 2019

The conceptualization of limits in academic legal written language is the focus of the present article. The main problem of the research is the controversial evaluation of such metaphorical expressions from the normative point of view. In academic legal papers, the upper limit of various payments is named as ‘ceiling’. Thus, the implemented conceptual metaphor shows that THE SYSTEM OF SOCIAL SECURITY IS A ROOM. In the same papers, the minimal limit of incomes of inhabitants and of lawbreaker at which some social measures are applied or at which some sanctions start to take effect is named as ‘threshold’. Therefore, these metaphorical expressions implement the conceptual metaphor CIRCUMSTANCES (OF INHABITANT OR OFFENDER) IS A ROOM. Though the figurative meanings of both ‘ceiling’ and ‘threshold’ in the Lithuanian language had formed due to the impact of foreign languages; the figurative meanings of the word ‘threshold’ are included in the dictionaries as the correct ones, but the expressions with ‘ceiling’ are evaluated like semantic calques.
Creativity and Dissidence in Jordanian Women’s Literature
Authors: Amin Omnia 
Published: August 2019

Contemporary Jordanian women writers have transported the act of writing into an act of dissidence to reflect their own perspectives and priorities shaped by a distinctive cultural and aesthetic formation. Writers like Huzama Habayeb, Afaf Batayneh, and Leila Elatrash speak with assertive voices about the confinement and even the abuse of Arab women. Their works reveal an unequivocal sense of pride in overthrowing all confinements, while at the same time condemning and combating the abusive excesses of patriarchy when it appropriates and exploits religious and cultural traditions to preserve its own material hegemony. Their discourse strives, with varying degrees of militancy, for an agenda that is quite dissident and threatening to the fabric of the traditional religious and social Arab norms. Some look at the West for a substitute model of their freedom of expression, while others seek an answer within the framework of Arabic culture. Their writing represents not only a fascinating phenomenon of articulating feelings and perspectives of their own by adopting a dissident stance in their use of language and narrative, but also a promise to extend and expand their scope of focus to an apparent militant and confrontational response to the discourse produced by male-made theocracies.
Metacommunicative Comments in the Internet Dialogue: Possible Grounds for Classification
Authors: Bobko Tatyana 
Published: August 2019

This article discusses three reasons for the typology of metacommunicative statements: the object of statements (the referent and reflexivity / non-reflexivity of the statements), a way of expressing metacommunicative intentions, and the pragmatic orientation of the statements, the article as well discusses the problems of classification, in particular, the difficulties of distinguishing metatext and metacommunicative comments. The analysis is performed on the basis of the popular Belarusian Internet resources.Three reasons for the typology of metacommunicative statements give the opportunity to construct their model, systematizing all the variety of real metacommunicative statements. Modelling structural and substantial characteristics of metacommunicative statements allows to identify those aspects of communication that are important or, on the contrary, unimportant in the eyes of a speaker, as well as the preferences of native speakers in the expression of metacommunicative intentions.
SILANG PENDAPAT DIBALIK PENETAPAN PERPPU NOMOR 1 TAHUN 2016
Authors: Rahmansyah Muhammad Rizky 
Published: August 2019

Abstrak: Perppu Nomor 1 Tahun 2016 menjadi jawaban dari Presiden Joko Widodo atas maraknya kasus pelecehan seksual terhadap anak. Meski demikian, perdebatan kerap terjadi seiring ditetapkannya Perppu Nomor 1 Tahun 2016. Adanya ketentuan mengenai sanksi kebiri ditenggarai menjadi akar perdebatan tersebut. Beberapa kalangan menilai Perppu Nomor 1 Tahun 2016 berpotensi melanggar HAM. Sisanya berpendapat, sanksi kebiri dibutuhkan untuk memberikan ancaman terhadap pelaku kekerasan seksual terhadap anak. Hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa aspek penegakan hukum patut dibenahi demi mengurangi kasus kekerasan seksual terhadap anak. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam artikel ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif, penulis juga mengumpulkan data-data dari bahan kepustakaan dan melakukan dokumentasi dari berbagai media massa. Kata Kunci: Presiden, Perppu Nomor 1 Tahun 2016, Sanksi Kebiri
Pemberhentian Anggota Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Dalam Peraturan Perundang-Undangan Di Indonesia
Authors: Azhar Annas Arif Mohamad , Cahyawati Dwi Putri , Yunus Nur Rohim 
Published: August 2019

Abstract.Problems in dismissing board members by their supporting political parties are still a polemic in the constitutional system of the Republic of Indonesia. The presumption of council members as an extension of the party is still a heated debate. So that a council member who should be a representative of the people seems to be a party representative. The regulation of dismissal of members of political parties is contained in article 16 of Act No. 2 of 2011 concerning Political Parties which explains that dismissal of party members is based on several factors, such as death, resignation in writing, becoming a member of another political party and violating code of ethics for Political Parties. This discussion uses qualitative research methods with a literature review approach.Keywords: Dismissal, Board Members, Political Parties Abstrak.Problematika pemberhentikan anggota dewan oleh partai politik pengusungnya masih menjadi polemik dalam sistem ketatanegaraan Republik Indonesia. Adanya anggapan anggota dewan sebagai kepanjangan tangan partai, masih menjadi perdebatan yang sengit. Sehingga seorang anggota dewan yang seharusnya menjadi wakil rakyat seolah menjadi wakil partai. Akan halnya pengaturan pemberhentian terhadap anggota partai politik tertuang dalam pasal 16 Undang-Undang Nomor 2 tahun 2011 tentang Partai Politik yang menjelaskan bahwa pemberhentian terhadap anggota partai didasari oleh beberapa faktor, seperti meninggal dunia, mengundurkan diri secara tertulis, menjadi anggota partai politik lain dan melanggar kode etik Partai Politik. Pembahasan ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan literatur review.Kata Kunci: Pemberhentian, Anggota Dewan, Partai Politik
Integrated Audit Environmental System; Optimalisasi Peran Bpk Guna Mewujudkan Good Policy System Dalam Pembangunan Ekonomi Indonesia
Authors: Mahira Dararida Fandra , Istanti Aura Ning , Lubis Ilham Khalid 
Published: August 2019

Abstract.The Supreme Audit Agency (BPK) is a state institution that has a role in upholding the principles of good governance. One that is rarely known to the public is the principle of environmental protection. Despite the role of the BPK in upholding principles, such as regulating positive activities, or providing reports on the results of environmental audits. However, it turns out that the position is not as effective as expected, because the BPK Institution only has 16 certified international environmental auditors, while its duties are related to the environment that is spread throughout the territory of Indonesia. Therefore, the author seeks to provide an effective solution to the concept of reform, namely synergizing the BPK Institution with the relevant Ministries, including the wider community, as well as non-governmental organizations. The author conducted a study based on data on the state of the legal environment, welfare, and environmental audits, then visualized in a frame of mind. With the formulation of the concept of BPK synergy with several relevant Ministries, it is expected to be able to uphold social and environmental welfare, and be able to reduce the country's economic losses.Keywords: Environmental Audit, Republic of Indonesia BPK, Integrity, Social Welfare Abstrak. Badan Pemeriksa Keuangan merupakan Lembaga negara yang memiliki peran menegakkan prinsip tata kelola pemerintahan yang baik. Salah satu yang jarang diketahui publik adalah prinsip perlindungan lingkungan. Meskipun adanya peran BPK dalam menegakan prinsip, seperti mengatur aktivitas positif, atau memberikan laporan hasil audit lingkungan. Namun ternyata kedudukannya tidak seefektif yang diharapkan, karena Lembaga BPK hanya memiliki 16 auditor lingkungan internasional bersertifikat, sedang tugasnya berkaitan dengan lingkungan yang tersebar di seluruh wilayah Indonesia. Oleh karena itu, penulis berupaya memberikan solusi efektif dengan konsep reformasi, yaitu mensinergikan Lembaga BPK dengan Kementerian terkait, termasuk masyarakat luas, dan juga organisasi non-pemerintah. Penulis melakukan kajian berdasarkan data pada keadaan lingkungan hukum, kesejahteraan, dan audit lingkungan, kemudian divisualisasikan dalam kerangka berpikir. Dengan formulasi konsep sinergi BPK dengan beberapa Kementerian terkait, diharapkan dapat menegakkan kesejahteraan sosial dan lingkungan hidup, serta dapat mengurangi kerugian ekonomi negara.Kata Kunci: Audit Lingkungan, BPK RI, Integritas, Kesejahteraan Sosia
INCISURA SCAPULAE MORFOMETRİSİ VE TİPLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: KASTAMONİ Yadigar , AKGÜN Semra , ÖZTÜRK Kenan , AYAZOĞLU Mehtap 
Published: August 2019

Giriş:
Incisura
scapulae, scapula’nın margo superior’unun processus coracoideus’un tabanıyla
birleştiği yerde bulunan çentiktir. Incisura scapulae, lig.transversum scapulae
superius ile kapatılarak bir foramene dönüşür. Bu foramenden n.suprascapularis
geçer. Çentiğin şeklindeki ve boyutundaki farklılıklar suprascapular sinir
sıkışmasına sebep olabilir.Bu çalışmanın amacı incisura scapulae’nın şekil
değişikliklerini, derinliğini ve genişliğini incelemek ve sağ-sol taraflar
arasında farklılık olup olmadığını belirlemektir.

Gereç
ve Yöntem: Çalışmamızda Süleyman Demirel
Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Anatomi Anabilim Laboratuvarı’nda bulunan 18 adet
scapula incelendi. Incisura scapulae milimetrik cetvel ile fotoğraflandı ve
ölçümler Image J programı ile hesaplandı. Veriler SPSS 20 programı ile analiz
edildi. Incisura scapulae’nin derinliği ve genişliği ölçüldü. Incisura scapulae’lar
şekline ve derinliğine göre 5 gruba ayrıldı. Tip I - derin ve U şeklinde; tip
II - sığ ve U şeklinde; tip III - derin ve V şeklinde; tip IV - sığ ve V
şeklinde ve tip V - çentiği delik şeklinde olarak gruplandırıldı.

Bulgular:
Tip
I, Tip II, Tip III, Tip IV ve Tip V sırasıyla%27,7, %16,6, %11,1,
%33.3ve%11,1oranlarında bulundu. Sağ ve sol taraf incisura scapulae derinliği
ve genişliği karşılaştırıldığında ise taraflar arasında anlamlı fark bulunmadı
(p&gt;0.05).

Sonuç:
Çalışmamızda
incelenen incisura scapulae tiplerinin bulunma oranları mevcut çalışmalarla
benzer olmakla beraber incisura scapulae tiplerini gruplandırırken daha fazla
parametre kullanılmıştır. Incisura scapulae’nin morfolojik değişikliklerinin
bilinmesi bu bölgeye yapılacak cerrahi girişimlerde ve sinir sıkışma
lezyonlarının tanılanmasında önem taşımaktadır.

Anahtar
Sözcükler: Incisura scapulae, Tiplendirme,
Morfometri
İNTERNET TABANLI OKUMA MOTIVASYONU VE KATILIM ÖLÇEĞİ TÜRKÇE’YE UYARLAMA ÇALIŞMASI VE ÖĞRETMEN ADAYLARI İLE ÇEŞITLI DEĞİŞKENLERE GÖRE İNCELENMESİ
Authors: ATA Rıdvan , ALPASLAN Muhammet Mustafa 
Published: August 2019

Bu çalışmanın
amacı öğretmen adaylarının internette eğitim odaklı konularda okuma yaparken
motivasyon düzeylerini ve davranışsal karakteristiklerini incelemektir. Bu
amaçla ilk olarak Braten, Brandmo ve Kammerer (2018) tarafından geliştirilen ve
12 maddeden oluşan “İnternet Tabanlı Okuma Motivasyonu ve Katılım Ölçeği”
Türkçe’ye uyarlanmıştır. Ardından uyarlanan ölçek ile öğretmen adaylarının
eğitim amaçlı internet tabanlı okuma motivasyonu, yani algılanan yeterlilik ve
algılanan zorluk seviyeleri ve katılımları, yani adanmışlık ve kaçınma durumları
ile internet kullanımları çeşitli değişkenler göz önünde bulundurularak
incelenmiştir. 362 öğretmen adayından toplanan verilerle yapılan açımlayıcı ve
doğrulayıcı faktör analizleri ölçeğin orijinali 4 faktörlü bir yapısının
geçerli olduğunu göstermiştir. Ayrıca hesaplanan Cronbach alfa değerleri
ölçeğin güvenilir olduğunu göstermektedir. İnternet tabanlı okuma motivasyonuna
değişkenlerin etkisi incelendiğinde bazı demografik ve internet kullanım
amaçlarının etkisi bulunmuştur. Diğer bir ifadeyle, kızların erkeklere göre,
dizüstü bilgisayar kullananların akıllı telefon kullananlara göre ve interneti
kullanım amaçlarının eğitim ve bilimsel araştırma olanların oyun ve sosyal
medya için kullananlara göre daha yüksek internet tabanlı okuma motivasyonuna
sahip olduğu bulunmuştur. Eğitimsel ve teknolojik uygulamalar ilgili alanyazın ışığında tartışılmıştır.