bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Longitudinal Trajectories of Psychological Distress and Its Influence Factors in Young and Middle‐Aged Patients With Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Wang Xiaoxuan , Zou Wenjie , Du Qianqian , Xie Jingyue , Zhong Mengjiao , Li Xinxin , Wu Xiaodan , Zhang Meifen 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTAimsTo identify the longitudinal trajectories of psychological distress and to explore the predictive factors of different trajectories among young and middle‐aged colorectal cancer patients from diagnosis to 6 months postoperation.DesignA longitudinal study was conducted, guided by the STROBE checklist.MethodsA total of 214 patients were recruited from July 2021 to May 2022 at a cancer hospital in Guangzhou, China. Data were collected from diagnosis to 6 months post‐surgery, using the Brief Symptom Inventory‐18, Distress Disclosure Index, Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale and Social Support Rating Scale. We also collected socio‐demographic and clinical characteristics at baseline. General estimation equation (GEE) was used to analyse the overall trend of psychological distress. To identify distinct distress trajectories, growth mixture modelling (GMM) and latent class growth modelling (LCGM) were both used.ResultsLongitudinal trajectories of psychological distress: the average score of psychological distress at different time points were 12.02 ± 9.87, 17.40 ± 9.73, 15.91 ± 10.05, 16.28 ± 11.24 and 16.31 ± 11.66. GEE showed four unique trajectories of psychological distress: chronic distress, no distress, steady increase and significantly increased. With reference to resilient group, multinomial logistic regression showed that education level, monthly income, minor offspring, stoma, residence, self‐disclosure and psychological resilience were predictive factors of chronic distress class or increase‐distress class.ConclusionFrom diagnosis to 6 months post‐surgery, psychological distress increased at discharge, gradually stabilising thereafter. Meanwhile, results revealed heterogeneity in this population. To effectively alleviate distress, it is crucial to identify high‐risk individuals through predictive factors and implement tailored interventions.Implications for the Profession and/or Patient CareThis study offers the trajectory and predictors of psychological distress in the process of diagnosis and treatment, and can be used in the clinical identification and monitoring of high‐risk patients.ImpactThe findings suggest that healthcare providers should regularly monitored and identified the psychological distress of patients, and took individualised intervention measures.Reporting MethodThis study is reported using the STROBE guidelines.Patient or Public ContributionNo patient or public engagement.
Limitation of Unipolar Electrograms in Guiding Successful RFCA of Idiopathic Ventricular Arrhythmias Associated With Discrete Pre‐Potential
Authors: Di Chengye , Wang Qun , Wu Yanxi , Li Longyu , Zhang Yan , Lin Wenhua 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTObjectivesActivation mapping for idiopathic ventricular arrhythmias (IVAs) typically relies on identifying the earliest bipolar electrograms and unipolar electrograms characterized by an initial QS morphology preceding the intrinsic deflection. However, the utility of unipolar electrogram morphology, particularly when associated with discrete pre‐potentials, in guiding IVA mapping is not well understood.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed 537 patients who underwent successful radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) for IVAs between March 2016 and August 2023. Among them, 23 patients (4.3%) exhibited discrete bipolar pre‐potentials with an isoelectric line between the end of the discrete pre‐potential and the onset of the QRS complex during IVAs at the successful RFCA site. These cases were included in this study.ResultsThe time interval from the onset of the discrete pre‐potential to the onset of the QRS complex was 66.4 ± 18.3 ms. The duration of the isoelectric line between the end of the discrete pre‐potential and the onset of the QRS complex was 36.9 ± 13.6 ms. Unipolar electrograms associated with discrete pre‐potentials exhibited an initial negative morphology in only 13 out of 23 patients (56.5%). In contrast, initial positive and isoelectric configurations in unipolar electrograms were observed in two patients (8.7%) and eight patients (34.8%), respectively. Perfect pace mapping was obtained in 21 patients (91.3%). RFCA was successful at the earliest site of the pre‐potential within 3.5 ± 1.5 s in all 23 patients. During the 2.4 ± 1.2 years follow‐up period, only one patient (4.3%) experienced a recurrence of clinical IVAs, with no complications reported during RFCA or follow‐up.ConclusionsUnipolar electrograms show limited reliability in guiding the identification of IVAs origins compared to bipolar electrograms associated with discrete pre‐potentials.
To Our Nurse Friends: An Ode to Resistance
Authors: Martin Patrick , Laurin Annie‐Claude 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe concept of resistance in nursing has been garnering more interest in the last few years, with emerging focus on working conditions, power differentials in clinical settings, health inequities, and planetary health concerns. As a result, it's important to identify what is being resisted, and what is the purpose of the resistance carried out. In whatever way resistance is referenced in nursing, outright or not, it is our contention that it's in response to the same underlying cause, barring some local and contextual variations, which we refer to as ‘the Beast’, where the real catastrophe is societal, and is ‘existential, affective and metaphysical’. It therefore seems coherent to consider this macro catastrophe from an ontological point of view, that is, from the standpoints of ‘being’ in relation to the world, which necessarily refers to specific ways of apprehending reality. In this article, we therefore present two ontologies ‐ antagonistic in every respect, to better situate resistance in nursing in a larger ecosystem. Using the Invisible Committee's book and call to action To our friends, this is our modest contribution to celebrate resistance, to help equip fellow nurses to better organise and strategize in the face of incessant growth and too often undesirable change in healthcare.
Metabolism Interaction Between Bacillus cereus SESY and Brassica napus Contributes to Enhance Host Selenium Absorption and Accumulation
Authors: Zhang Huan , Liang Lianming , Du Xiaoping , Shi Guangyu , Wang Xu , Tang Yanni , Lei Zheng , Wang Yin , Yi Ceng , Hu Chengxiao , Zhao Xiaohu 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe use of beneficial bacteria to enhance selenium absorption in crops has been widely studied. However, it is unclear how the interaction between bacteria and plants affects selenium absorption in crops. Here, pot experiments and Murashige and Skoog medium (MS) experiments were performed. Transcriptomic analyses were used to reveal the interaction between Bacillus cereus SESY and Brassica napus. The results indicated that B. cereus SESY can significantly increase the biomass and selenium content of B. napus. The genes related to the colonization, IAA synthesis, and l‐cysteine synthesis and metabolism of B. cereus SESY were significantly stimulated by B. napus through transcriptional regulation. Further verification results showed that l‐cysteine increased selenium content in B. napus roots and shoots by 62.9% and 88.4%, respectively. B. cereus SESY and l‐cysteine consistently regulated the relative expression level of genes involved in plant hormone, amino acid metabolism, selenium absorption, and Se enzymatic and nonenzymatic metabolic pathway of B. napus. These genes were significantly correlated with selenium content and biomass of B. napus (p < 0.05). Overall, IAA biosynthesis, and l‐cysteine biosynthesis and metabolism in B. cereus SESY stimulated by interactions triggered molecular and metabolic responses of B. napus, underpinning host selenium absorption and accumulation.
The effectiveness of aerobic exercise on pain and disability in individuals with neck pain: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: de Oliveira‐Souza Ana lzabela Sobral , Kempe Marie , Grimmelsmann Sofia , Tavares Luiz Felipe , De Castro‐Carletti Ester Moreira , Andrade Angela Viegas , Dennett Liz , Von Piekartz Harry , Fuentes Contreras Jorge , Armijo‐Olivo Susan 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe present review aimed to investigate the effectiveness of aerobic exercise (AE) compared to other interventions in decreasing pain intensity and reducing disability in individuals with neck pain. A systematic review (SR) of randomized controlled trials was conducted. This SR was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42021231231). Searches were conducted in five electronic databases (MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, Cochrane and SCOPUS). Studies were selected if they included adults over 18 years old with neck pain. The primary outcomes were pain intensity and physical function. A meta‐analysis was conducted when applicable. Cochrane RoB Tool‐2 was used to determine the risk of bias of included studies, and the certainty of the evidence was determined using the GRADE approach. Out of 4669 initial records screened, six studies published in 12 articles were included. AE was not statistically different compared to no‐treatment or other interventions (e.g., localized exercise or acupuncture) on pain intensity measured with a visual analogue scale (VAS) (mean difference (MD) [95%CI]: 5.16 mm [−6.38, 16.70]). Contrarily, strengthening exercise was better than AE for pain intensity (MD [95%CI]: −11.34 mm [−21.6, −1.09]) after treatment. However, when AE was combined with other therapy (strengthening exercises or acupuncture), the combined therapy was better than isolated treatments (MD [95%CI]: 7.71 mm [1.07, 14.35]). A high heterogeneity was observed between protocols, comparisons, and results (magnitudes and directions). In conclusion, AE had positive results only when combined with other therapies to reduce pain intensity and disability in patients with neck pain. However, the evidence is limited, low‐quality, and heterogeneous.
C-di-AMP accumulation disrupts glutathione metabolism in
Listeria monocytogenes
Authors: Siletti Cheta , Freeman Matthew , Dang Hung H. , Tu Zepeng , Stevenson David M. , Amador-Noguez Daniel , Sauer John-Demian , Huynh TuAnh N. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

C-di-AMP homeostasis is critical for bacterial stress response, cell wall integrity, and virulence. Except for osmotic stress response, the molecular mechanisms underlying other processes are not well defined. A
Listeria monocytogenes
mutant lacking both c-di-AMP phosphodiesterases, denoted as the ΔPDE mutant, is significantly attenuated in the mouse model of systemic infection. We utilized the ΔPDE mutant to define the molecular functions of c-di-AMP. RNAseq revealed that the ΔPDE mutant is significantly impaired for the expression of virulence genes regulated by the master transcription factor PrfA, which is activated by reduced glutathione (GSH) during infection. Subsequent quantitative gene expression analyses revealed that the ΔPDE strain is defective for PrfA-regulated gene expression both at the basal level and upon activation by GSH. We further found the ΔPDE strain to be significantly depleted for cytoplasmic GSH and impaired for GSH uptake. The ΔPDE strain was also deficient in GSH under conditions that activate GSH synthesis by the synthase GshF and upon constitutive expression of
gshF
, suggesting that c-di-AMP accumulation inhibits GSH synthesis activity or promotes GSH catabolism. A constitutively active PrfA* variant restored virulence gene expression in ΔPDE in broth cultures supplemented with GSH but did not rescue virulence defect
in vivo
. Therefore, virulence attenuation at high c-di-AMP is likely associated with defects outside of the PrfA regulon. For instance, the ΔPDE strain was sensitive to oxidative stress, a phenotype exacerbated in the absence of GshF. Our data reveal GSH metabolism as another pathway that is regulated by c-di-AMP.

IMPORTANCE

C-di-AMP regulates both bacterial pathogenesis and interactions with the host. Although c-di-AMP is essential in many bacteria, its accumulation also attenuates the virulence of many bacterial pathogens. Therefore, disrupting c-di-AMP homeostasis is a promising antibacterial treatment strategy and has inspired several studies that screened for chemical inhibitors of c-di-AMP phosphodiesterases. However, the molecular functions of c-di-AMP are still not fully defined, and the underlying mechanisms for attenuated virulence at high c-di-AMP levels are unclear. Our analyses in
Listeria monocytogenes
indicate that virulence-related defects are likely outside of the virulence gene regulon. We found c-di-AMP accumulation to impair
L. monocytogenes
virulence gene expression and disrupt GSH metabolism. Further studies are necessary to establish the relative contributions of these regulations to virulence and host adaptation.
CRISPR-Cas9-based approaches for genetic analysis and epistatic interaction studies in
Coxiella burnetii
Authors: Steiner Samuel , Roy Craig R. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Coxiella burnetii
is an obligate intracellular bacterial pathogen that replicates to high numbers in an acidified lysosome-derived vacuole. Intracellular replication requires the Dot/Icm type IVB secretion system, which translocates over 100 different effector proteins into the host cell. Screens employing random transposon mutagenesis have identified several
C. burnetii
effectors that play an important role in intracellular replication; however, the difficulty in conducting directed mutagenesis has been a barrier to the systematic analysis of effector mutants and to the construction of double mutants to assess epistatic interactions between effectors. Here, two CRISPR-Cas9 technology-based approaches were developed to study
C. burnetii
phenotypes resulting from targeted gene disruptions. CRISPRi was used to silence gene expression and demonstrated that silencing of effectors or Dot/Icm system components resulted in phenotypes similar to those of transposon insertion mutants. A CRISPR-Cas9-mediated cytosine base editing protocol was developed to generate targeted loss-of-function mutants through the introduction of premature stop codons into
C. burnetii
genes. Cytosine base editing successfully generated double mutants in a single step. A double mutant deficient in both
cig57
and
cig2
had a robust and additive intracellular replication defect when compared to either single mutant, which is consistent with Cig57 and Cig2 functioning in independent pathways that both contribute to a vacuole that supports
C. burnetii
replication. Thus, CRISPR-Cas9-based technologies expand the genetic toolbox for
C. burnetii
and will facilitate genetic studies aimed at investigating the mechanisms this pathogen uses to replicate inside host cells.

IMPORTANCE

Understanding the genetic mechanisms that enable
C. burnetii
to replicate in mammalian host cells has been hampered by the difficulty in making directed mutations. Here, a reliable and efficient system for generating targeted loss-of-function mutations in
C. burnetii
using a CRISPR-Cas9-assisted base editing approach is described. This technology was applied to make double mutants in
C. burnetii
that enabled the genetic analysis of two genes that play independent roles in promoting the formation of vacuoles that support intracellular replication. This advance will accelerate the discovery of mechanisms important for
C. burnetii
host infection and disease.
Description of the first marine-isolated member of the under-represented phylum
Gemmatimonadota
, and the environmental distribution and ecogenomics of
Gaopeijiales
ord. nov.
Authors: Ye Yu-Qi , Ye Meng-Qi , Zhang Xin-Yue , Huang You-Zhi , Zhou Zi-Yang , Feng Yan-Jun , Du Zong-Jun 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

The phylum
Gemmatimonadota
is widespread but rarely cultured and, in fact, there are only six described species isolated from soil, freshwater, and wastewater treatment. However, no isolates of
Gemmatimonadota
from marine environment have been described; thus, little is known about the physiology and metabolism of members of the marine lineages. In this study, four novel facultatively anaerobic bacterial strains belonging to
Gemmatimonadota
were isolated from marine sediments collected from Xiaoshi Island in Weihai, China, using an aerobic enrichment method. The integrated results of phylogenetic and phenotypic characteristics supported that these four strains represent one novel species in a novel genus, for which the name
Gaopeijia maritima
gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed, as the first representative of novel taxa,
Gaopeijiales
ord. nov.,
Gaopeijiaceae
fam. nov. in the class
Longimicrobiia. Gaopeijiales
was detected in 22,884 out of 95,549 amplicon data sets, mainly from soil. However, the highest mean relative abundances were in sponge (0.7%) and marine sediment (0.35%), showing salt-related character. Most of the
Gaopeijiales
subgroups potentially belong to the rare bacterial biosphere. The aerobic enrichment in this study could significantly increase the relative abundance of
Gaopeijiales
(from 0.37% to 2.6%). Furthermore, the metabolic capabilities inferred from high-quality representative
Gaopeijiales
genomes/MAGs suggest that this group primarily performs chemoorganoheterotrophic metabolism with facultatively anaerobic characteristics and possesses various secondary metabolite biosynthesis gene clusters (BGCs), mirroring those observed in the four novel strains.

IMPORTANCE

Despite rapid advances in molecular and sequencing technologies, obtaining pure cultures remains a crucial research goal in microbiology, as it is essential for a deeper understanding of microbial metabolism.
Gemmatimonadota
is a widespread but rarely cultured bacterial phylum. Currently, there are only six cultured strains of this interesting group, all isolated from non-marine environments. Little is known about the physiology and metabolism of members of the marine lineages. Here we isolated and characterized four novel marine strains, and proposed a new order
Gaopeijiales
within
Gemmatimonadota
. Furthermore, the global distribution, environmental preference, and metabolic potential of
Gaopeijiales
are analyzed using public data. Our work enriches the resources available for the under-represented phylum
Gemmatimonadota
and provides insights into the physiological and metabolic characteristics of the marine lineage (
Gaopeijiales
) through culturology and omics.
Management of alcohol withdrawal syndrome in patients with coexistent alcohol-related liver disease
Authors: Ibrahim Lujine , Harcombe Stroma , Smith Georgia , Doyle Alexander , Forrest Ewan H 
Published: November 2024

Background and aimsTreatment of alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS) is challenging, especially in those with alcohol-related liver disease (ArLD). Guidelines suggest using shorter-acting benzodiazepines (BZDs) but clinical evidence is sparse. We assessed the management of AWS using the Glasgow Modified Alcohol Withdrawal Scale (GMAWS), with a symptom-triggered treatment (STT) approach using lorazepam in ArLD patients.MethodThree groups of patients were identified: group 1: patients without ArLD with AWS; group 2: ArLD patients with AWS and group 3: ArLD patients without AWS. BZD use in the first 48 hours of admission was calculated, and alcohol use disorder was assessed with the Fast Alcohol Screening Tool (FAST).ResultsOf 613 hospital episodes, 232 were in group 1, 174 in group 2 and 207 in group 3. Compared with group 1, group 2 patients had lower FAST scores (14 (13, 15)cf15 (14, 16); p=0.036), initial GMAWS (0 (0, 0)cf2 (1, 2); p<0.0001) and less BZD prescribed (30 (20, 42)cf30 (20, 42) mg; p<0.0001). STT (83%cf48%: p<0.0001) and lorazepam (79%cf22%: p<0.0001) were more common in group 2 patients. AWS treatment was not associated with a worse 180-day survival in ArLD patients (91.3% in group 2 and 80.2% in group 3).ConclusionPatients managed for AWS without ArLD received greater amounts of BZDs compared with those with both AWS and ArLD. There was no evidence of a survival disadvantage for those with ArLD managed for AWS. An STT approach favouring lorazepam for the management of AWS in ArLD was effective using the GMAWS guidance.
Skeleton-Driven Inbetweening of Bitmap Character Drawings
Authors: Brodt Kirill , Bessmeltsev Mikhail 
Published: November 2024

One of the primary reasons for the high cost of traditional animation is the inbetweening process, where artists manually draw each intermediate frame necessary for smooth motion. Making this process more efficient has been at the core of computer graphics research for years, yet the industry has adopted very few solutions. Most existing solutions either require vector input or resort to tight inbetweening; often, they attempt to fully automate the process. In industry, however, keyframes are often spaced far apart, drawn in raster format, and contain occlusions. Moreover, inbetweening is fundamentally an artistic process, so the artist should maintain high-level control over it.

We address these issues by proposing a novel inbetweening system for bitmap character drawings, supporting both
tight
and
far
inbetweening. In our setup, the artist can control motion by animating a skeleton between the keyframe poses. Our system then performs skeleton-based deformation of the bitmap drawings into the same pose and employs discrete optimization and deep learning to blend the deformed images. Besides the skeleton and the two drawn bitmap keyframes, we require very little annotation.

However, deforming drawings with occlusions is complex, as it requires a piecewise smooth deformation field. To address this, we observe that this deformation field is smooth when the drawing is lifted into 3D. Our system therefore optimizes topology of a 2.5D partially layered template that we use to lift the drawing into 3D and get the final piecewise-smooth deformaton, effectively resolving occlusions.
We validate our system through a series of animations, qualitative and quantitative comparisons, and user studies, demonstrating that our approach consistently outperforms the state of the art and our results are consistent with the viewers' perception.
Code and data for our paper are available at http://www-labs.iro.umontreal.ca/~bmpix/inbetweening/.