bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Remote ischemic conditioning for acute stroke patients treated with thrombectomy
Authors: Zhao Wenbo , Che Ruiwen , Li Sijie , Ren Changhong , Li Chuanhui , Wu Chuanjie , Lu Hui , Chen Jian , Duan Jiangang , Meng Ran , Ji Xunming 
Published: June 2018

AbstractObjectiveRemote ischemic conditioning (RIC) has been demonstrated to be safe and feasible for patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS), as well as for those receiving intravenous thrombolysis. We assessed the safety and feasibility of RIC for AIS patients undergoing endovascular treatment (ET).MethodsWe conducted a pilot study with patients with AIS who were suspected of having an emergent large‐vessel occlusion in the anterior circulation and who were scheduled for ET within 6 hours of ictus. Four cycles of RIC were performed before recanalization, immediately following recanalization, and once daily for the subsequent 7 days. The primary outcome was any serious RIC‐related adverse events.ResultsTwenty subjects, aged 66.1 ± 12.1 years, were recruited. No subject experienced serious RIC‐related adverse events. The intracranial pressure, cranial perfusion pressure, mean arterial pressure, heart rate, middle cerebral artery peak systolic flow velocity, and pulsatility index did not change significantly before, during, or after the limb ischemia (P > 0.1 for all). Of 80 cycles, 71 (89%) were completed before recanalization and 80 (100%) were completed immediately after recanalization; 444 of 560 cycles (78%) were completed within 7 days posttreatment. No patients had to stop RIC because it affected routine clinical managements. Six subjects (30%) experienced intracerebral hemorrhage, which was symptomatic in one case (5%). At the 3‐month follow‐up, 11 subjects (55%) had achieved functional independence, and two subjects (10%) died.InterpretationRIC appears to be safe and feasible for patients with AIS undergoing ET. Investigations are urgently needed to determine the efficacy of RIC in this patient population.
Energy Harvesting Research: The Road from Single Source to Multisource
Authors: Bai Yang , Jantunen Heli , Juuti Jari 
Published: June 2018

AbstractEnergy harvesting technology may be considered an ultimate solution to replace batteries and provide a long‐term power supply for wireless sensor networks. Looking back into its research history, individual energy harvesters for the conversion of single energy sources into electricity are developed first, followed by hybrid counterparts designed for use with multiple energy sources. Very recently, the concept of a truly multisource energy harvester built from only a single piece of material as the energy conversion component is proposed. This review, from the aspect of materials and device configurations, explains in detail a wide scope to give an overview of energy harvesting research. It covers single‐source devices including solar, thermal, kinetic and other types of energy harvesters, hybrid energy harvesting configurations for both single and multiple energy sources and single material, and multisource energy harvesters. It also includes the energy conversion principles of photovoltaic, electromagnetic, piezoelectric, triboelectric, electrostatic, electrostrictive, thermoelectric, pyroelectric, magnetostrictive, and dielectric devices. This is one of the most comprehensive reviews conducted to date, focusing on the entire energy harvesting research scene and providing a guide to seeking deeper and more specific research references and resources from every corner of the scientific community.
Electrocatalysis on Separator Modified by Molybdenum Trioxide Nanobelts for Lithium–Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Imtiaz Sumair , Ali Zafar Zahid , Razaq Rameez , Sun Dan , Xin Ying , Li Qian , Zhang Zhaoliang , Zheng Lei , Huang Yunhui , Anderson James A. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractLithium–sulfur batteries (LSBs) have been regarded as the supreme feasible future generation energy storage system for high‐energy applications due to the exceptional‐specific energy density of 2600 Wh kg−1 and theoretical‐specific capacity of 1675 mAh g−1. Nevertheless, some key challenges which are linked with polysulfide shuttling and sluggish kinetics of polysulfide conversion are the main obstacles in the high electrochemical performance of LSBs. Here, a molybdenum trioxide (MoO3) nanobelt catalytic layer is fabricated on the separator to solve these issues. The MoO3 layer shows strong chemical interaction with polysulfides by successfully blocking the polysulfides on the separator from shuttling and significantly accelerates the redox reaction of polysulfide conversion. Furthermore, the randomly arranged layers of MoO3 nanobelts possess enough porous networks that provide effective space for electrolyte infiltration and facile pathway for fast ion transportation. The resultant LSBs exhibit a very high initial capacity of 1377 mAh g−1. After 200 cycles at 0.5 C, the capacity is 684.4 mAh g−1 with the fading rate of only 0.251% per cycle. Additionally, the MoO3 modification provides good surface protection of lithium anode and depresses the lithium anode degradation.
Single‐Step Selective Laser Writing of Flexible Photodetectors for Wearable Optoelectronics
Authors: An Jianing , Le Truong‐Son Dinh , Lim Chin Huat Joel , Tran Van Thai , Zhan Zhaoyao , Gao Yi , Zheng Lianxi , Sun Gengzhi , Kim Young‐Jin 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe increasing demand for wearable optoelectronics in biomedicine, prosthetics, and soft robotics calls for innovative and transformative technologies that permit facile fabrication of compact and flexible photodetectors with high performance. Herein, by developing a single‐step selective laser writing strategy that can finely tailor material properties through incident photon density control and lead to the formation of hierarchical hybrid nanocomposites, e.g., reduced graphene oxide (rGO)–zinc oxide (ZnO), a highly flexible and all rGO–ZnO hybrid‐based photodetector is successfully constructed. The device features 3D ultraporous hybrid films with high photoresponsivity as the active detection layer, and hybrid nanoflakes with superior electrical conductivity as interdigitated electrodes. Benefitting from enhanced photocarrier generation because of the ultraporous film morphology, efficient separation of electron–hole pairs at rGO–ZnO heterojunctions, and fast electron transport by highly conductive rGO nanosheets, the photodetector exhibits high, linear, and reproducible responsivities to a wide range of ultraviolet (UV) intensities. Furthermore, the excellent mechanical flexibility and robustness enable the photodetector to be conformally attached to skin, thus intimately monitoring the exposure dosage of human body to UV light for skin disease prevention. This study advances the fabrication of flexible optoelectronic devices with reduced complexity, facilitating the integration of wearable optoelectronics and epidermal systems.
A Hybrid of Corannulene and Azacorannulene: Synthesis of a Highly Curved Nitrogen‐Containing Buckybowl
Authors: Tokimaru Yuki , Ito Shingo , Nozaki Kyoko 
Published: June 2018

AbstractA highly curved nitrogen‐containing buckybowl, which can be considered as a corannulene/azacorannulene hybrid, was synthesized and characterized. This molecule has a polycyclic aromatic C40N core, corresponding to a partial azafullerene structure C80−xNx (x=1,2,3…), and exhibits interesting properties that arise from its large and highly curved π surface and the embedded nitrogen atom, which include association with C60, a lower LUMO level relative to azapentabenzocorannulene, and the formation of a radical cationic species upon oxidation.
Near‐Infrared Active Lead Chalcogenide Quantum Dots: Preparation, Post‐Synthesis Ligand Exchange, and Applications in Solar Cells
Authors: Shrestha Aabhash , Batmunkh Munkhbayar , Tricoli Antonio , Qiao Shi Zhang , Dai Sheng 
Published: June 2018

AbstractQuantum dots (QDs) of lead chalcogenides (e.g. PbS, PbSe, and PbTe) are attractive near‐infrared (NIR) active materials that show great potential in a wide range of applications, such as, photovoltaics (PV), optoelectronics, sensors, and bio‐electronics. The surface ligand plays an essential role in the production of QDs, post‐synthesis modification, and their integration to practical applications. Therefore, it is critically important that the influence of surface ligands on the synthesis and properties of QDs is well understood for their applications in various devices. In this Review we elaborate the application of colloidal synthesis techniques for the preparation of lead chalcogenide based QDs. We specifically focus on the influence of surface ligands on the synthesis of QDs and their solution‐phase ligand exchange. Given the importance of lead chalcogenide QDs as potential light harvesters, we also pay particular attention to the current progress of these QDs in photovoltaic applications.
Synthesis of Extra‐Large‐Pore Zeolite ECNU‐9 with Intersecting 14*12‐Ring Channels
Authors: Yang Boting , Jiang Jin‐Gang , Xu Hao , Wu Haihong , He Mingyuan , Wu Peng 
Published: June 2018

AbstractHighly crystalline and (hydro)thermally stable zeolites with extra‐large pores [≥14‐ring (14‐R)] are desirable as catalysts. A novel zeolite, ECNU‐9, with an intersecting 14*12‐R channel system was rationally designed and synthesized by a building block strategy, in which the interlayer expansion of a two‐dimensional silicate structure was realized by combining organic amine assisted layer‐stacking reorganization and subsequent silylation with a square‐shaped single 4‐ring (S4R) silane, 1,3,5,7‐tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane (TMCS). The PLS‐3 precursor was disassembled into building blocks and then intercalated with flexible and removable organic amine pillars to offer enough interlayer spacing for accommodating TMCS molecules. The additionally introduced building blocks interconnected the neighboring layers to construct new 14‐R and 12‐R pores. ECNU‐9 possesses a well‐ordered structure with a novel topology. The corresponding Ti‐ECNU‐9, with tetrahedral Ti ions in the framework, showed superior catalytic performance in the selective epoxidation of bulky alkenes.
A Lead Iodide Perovskite Based on a Large Organic Cation for Solar Cell Applications
Authors: Ma Chunqing , Shen Dong , Lo Ming‐Fai , Lee Chun‐Sing 
Published: June 2018

AbstractMethylammonium (CH3NH3+) and formamidinium ((NH2)2CH+) based lead iodide perovskites are currently the two commonly used organic–inorganic lead iodide perovskites. There are still no alternative organic cations that can produce perovskites with band gaps spanning the visible spectrum (that is, <1.7 eV) for solar cell applications. Now, a new perovskite using large propane‐1,3‐diammonium cation (1,3‐Pr(NH3)22+) with a chemical structure of (1,3‐Pr(NH3)2)0.5PbI3 is demonstrated. X‐ray diffraction (XRD) shows that the new perovskite exhibits a three‐dimensional tetragonal phase. The band gap of the new perovskite is about 1.6 eV, which is desirable for photovoltaic applications. A (1,3‐Pr(NH3)2)0.5PbI3 perovskite solar cell (PSC) yields a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 5.1 %. More importantly, this perovskite is composed of a large hydrophobic cation that provides better moisture resistance compared to CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite.
Sensory and Technological Evaluation of Margarines With Reduced Saturated Fatty Acid Contents Using Oleogel Technology
Authors: da Silva Thais L. T. , Chaves Kamila F. , Fernandes Gabriel D. , Rodrigues Juliana B. , Bolini Helena M. A. , Arellano Daniel B. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractMargarines and spreads contribute greatly to the intake of saturated and trans fats in the diet. Therefore, the objective of this work was to produce margarines using the oleogel technology and to verify the physical, thermal, oxidative, and sensorial properties of this product during six months of shelf life, comparing it with commercial margarine. When compared with commercial margarine, the oleogel margarine showed similar color results. Due to the different structural shape, the results of microstructure and the melting curve were differentiated, but this indicated a structure more resistant to temperature oscillations and an overall softer product. However, the sensorial difference between the samples was easily detected by the consumers, mainly with respect to the parameters of taste, texture, and overall impression. It was concluded that it is possible to produce margarines using the oleogel technology, which display good physical properties, similar shelf life, and improved nutritional characteristics.
Emergence of promising novel DPP‐4 inhibitory heterocycles as anti‐diabetic agents: A review
Authors: Rohilla Ankit , Gupta Tanya , Pathak Ankita , Akhtar Md J. , Haider Md R. , Haider Kashif , Shahar Yar Mohammad 
Published: June 2018

AbstractDiabetes has turned out to be an epidemic in the recent years all over the world, and today it has become a burden on the healthcare system. Over the years, with technological advancements, different classes of antidiabetic medications have emerged, like sulfonylureas, biguanides, alpha‐glucosidase inhibitors, and thiazolidinediones, but these are often loaded with serious aftermaths like hypoglycemia, weight gain, cardiovascular and renal issues. Dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 (DPP‐4) inhibition is an exciting and new approach in the treatment of type‐2 diabetes. DPP‐4 inhibitors or “gliptins” are weight neutral, pose lesser risk of hypoglycemia, and provide a long‐term post‐meal glycemic control. In this review, an attempt has been made to investigate novel potential compounds that can be added to the existing list of anti‐diabetic drugs.
Hybrids of the Romantic: Frankenstein, Olimpia, and Artificial Life
Authors: Micheletti Silvia 
Published: June 2018

AbstractHybride der Romantik: Frankenstein, Olimpia und das künstliche Leben. Dieser Beitrag untersucht Vorstellungen über die Möglichkeit der Erzeugung künstlicher Lebewesen in der Zeit der Romantik und die damit verbundenen Ängste am Beispiel zweier fiktionaler Texte: Mary Shelleys Frankenstein und Ernst Theodor Amadeus Hoffmanns Sandmann. Dr. Franksteins Monster und Dr. Spalanzanis Automat verkörpern – auf unterschiedliche Weise – die Möglichkeit einer Wendung wissenschaftlicher Produkte und insbesondere künstlicher Hybride ins Monströse. Ihre Geschichten thematisieren das Grauen, das vom drohenden Kontrollverlust ausgeht und als der modernen Wissenschaft innewohnende Gefahr selbst nach der Zerstörung der monströsen Kreaturen bestehen bleibt. Der Begriff des Unheimlichen, von Ernst Jentsch und Sigmund Freud mit Bezug auf Hoffmanns Sandmann formuliert und 1970 von dem japanischen Robotiker Masahiro Mori als Phänomen „des unheimlichen Tals“ (Uncanny Valley) weiterentwickelt, erlaubt weitere Einblicke in die Frage nach künstlichen Lebewesen und ihre Interaktion mit Menschen. Summary: Hybrids of the Romantic: Frankenstein, Olimpia, and Artificial Life. This essay analyzes fantasies and fears related to the possible creation of artificial humans in two influential pieces of Romantic literature, namely E.T.A. Hoffmann's Der Sandmann and Mary Shelley's Frankenstein. Both the automaton Olimpia and Dr. Frankenstein's monster are hybrid creatures. These dystopian figures represent the Romantic fear of the loss of control over the outcome of human endeavour, they symbolize the dangers immanent in modern science and technology. As hybrids, Olimpia and Frankenstein's monster are capable of breaking apparently unpenetrable boundaries, such as those between human and non‐human, and between life and death. As such, these creatures become “unheimlich” (uncanny), a critical term developed by Ernst Jentsch and Sigmund Freud, who directly referred to Hoffmann's Sandman. The term “uncanny” was further developed by the Japanese roboticist Masahiro Mori in the 1970s. Mori's investigation of human responses to androids (“Uncanny Valley”), shows the persistence of doubts and fears surrounding artificial humans far beyond the Romantic times, and opens new questions related to the issues of creation, reproduction, hybrids, hubris and gender.
Wissenschaftsreflexionen bei Justinus Kerner
Authors: Saatz Julia 
Published: June 2018

AbstractJustinus Kerner's Reflections on Science. Justinus Kerner (1786–1862) was a physician as well as a poet. In his research, as well as his profession, he tried to reconcile empirical observation with dreams, mesmerism, and the unconscious. Like the romantic naturalists of his time, Kerner rejected the exclusive preoccupation with rational science as a restriction to epistemology, which he wanted to complement by considering the “nocturnal sides of nature” (“Nachtseiten der Natur”) as well. This article wants to show how Kerner reflected on science, medicine, and nature, and how it became possible for a physician who became famous for the discovery of food poisoning by botulism to be ridiculed at the same time, or at least to be frowned upon, for writing about seeing ghosts and having visions. How could he combine empiric case studies and exact, detailed observation with his belief in the supernatural? And how could he, not only harmonize these apparently contradictory concepts in his writings, but also turn them into paradigms that are based on one another? To answer these questions, this article will refer to Kerner's works on “sausage poisonings” (1817–1842) in the early nineteenth century, as well as his case study of The Seeress of Prevorst (Die Seherin von Prevorst, 1829), in which he described the case of a female patient who was supposed to be a clairvoyant, and finally his literary writings, like The Homeless (“Die Heimatlosen”, 1816) and his autobiographic work Sketches from My Boyhood (Das Bilderbuch aus meiner Knabenzeit, 1849). His personal observations and experiences were the reason that Kerner did not simply deny positivist medicine, but expanded his concept of healing by adding dreams, mesmerism, and visions. For, in the end, the unconscious, as well as the “sausage poison”, evades determination by scientific empiricism alone.
Effects of mesenchymal stem cells transplantation on cognitive deficits in animal models of Alzheimer’s disease: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Ge Meiling , Zhang Yunxia , Hao Qiukui , Zhao Yunli , Dong Birong 
Published: June 2018

AbstractBackgroundAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is a globally prevalent neurodegenerative disease, clinically characterized by progressive memory loss and gradual impairment of cognitive functions. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) transplantation has been considered a possible therapeutic method for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, no quantitative data synthesis of MSC therapy for AD exists. We conducted a systematic review and meta‐analysis to study the effects of MSCs on cognitive deficits in animal models of AD.MethodsWe identified eligible studies published from January 1980 to January 2017 by searching four electronic databases (PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, CNKI). The endpoint was the effects of MSCs on cognitive performance evaluated by the Morris water maze (MWM) test including escape latency, and/or number of platform crossing, and/or time in the target quadrant.ResultsNine preclinical studies incorporating 225 animals with AD were included for the meta‐analysis. The studies indicated that MSC‐based treatment significantly improved the learning function through measurements of the escape latency (SMD = −0.99, 95% CI = −1.33 to −0.64, p < .00001). Additionally, we observed that transplantation of MSCs significantly increased the number of platform crossing in six experiments (SMD = 0.78, 95% CI = 0.43 to 1.13, p < .0001). What’s more, the times in the target quadrant were increased in five studies indicated that transplantation of MSCs could ameliorate the cognitive impairments (SMD = 1.06, 95% CI = 0.46 to 1.67, p = .0005).ConclusionsThis study showed that MSC transplantation could reduce cognitive deficits in AD models. These findings support the further studies to translate MSCs in the treatment of AD in humans
Influence of Alkali Metal Cations on the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction Activity of Pt, Ir, Au, and Ag Electrodes in Alkaline Electrolytes
Authors: Xue Song , Garlyyev Batyr , Watzele Sebastian , Liang Yunchang , Fichtner Johannes , Pohl Marcus D. , Bandarenka Aliaksandr S. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractFundamental understanding of the influence of so‐called spectator electrolyte species on the catalytic activity of electrodes is considered as a relatively novel direction in electrocatalysis. Numerous recent examples show that seemingly inert electrolyte components drastically influence the performance of catalytic centers. Even alkali metal cations in aqueous electrolytes at high pH values can change the reaction turnover frequency by orders of magnitude, depending on their nature, from Li+ to Cs+. Here, we use several electrodes, namely Pt(polycrystalline), Pt(111), Pt(221), Ir(111), Au(111), and Ag(polycrystalline), in different alkali metal cation‐containing electrolytes to reveal their role in the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). The HER activity trends of various Pt electrodes, irrespective of their surface structure, correlate with the hydration energy of the corresponding alkali metal cations present in the electrolyte (Li+>Na+>K+>Rb+>Cs+). The trend remains the same for the Ir(111), however, it is reversed for Au(111) and Ag(pc) electrocatalysts.
Rhenium‐Promoted C−C Bond‐Cleavage Reactions of Internal Propargyl Alcohols
Authors: Lee Kui Fun , Bai Wei , Sung Herman H. Y. , Williams Ian D. , Lin Zhenyang , Jia Guochen 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe first examples of C−C bond cleavage reactions of internal propargyl alcohols to give vinylidene complexes are described. Treatment of [Re(dppm)3]I with RC≡CC(OH)R′R′′ (R=aryl, alkyl; C(OH)R′R′′=C(OH)Ph2, C(OH)Me2, C(OH)HPh, C(OH)H2) produced the vinylidene complexes ReI(=C=CHR)(dppm)2 with the elimination of C(O)R′R′′. Computational studies support that the reactions proceed through a β‐alkynyl elimination of alkoxide intermediates Re{OC(R′)(R′′)C≡CR}(dppm)2.
Controlling Crystal Structures and Multiple Thermo‐ and Vapochromic Behaviors of Benzimidazole‐Based Squaraine Dyes by Molecular Design and Solvent Adjustment
Authors: Xia Guomin , Shen Shen , Hu Xin‐Ming , Jiang Zhengjun , Xu Kaikai , Wang Mingda , Wang Hongming 
Published: June 2018

AbstractOrganic micro‐ and nanostructures are expected to be promising candidates for micro‐ and nanophotonic materials with desirable properties owing to their low cost, flexible molecular design, and tunable self‐assembly. Among these candidates, well‐known squaraine dyes (SQs) have rarely been investigated because of their nonfluorescent properties in the solid state and because their optical behavior varies with changes in morphology. In this contribution, two novel 1,2‐SQs, SQM and SQB, with strong bright‐yellow to red fluorescence emission in the crystalline state, were designed and structured at the molecular level and by solvent adjustment. Their self‐assembly behavior was studied, and it was revealed that the SQM assembly provided 1D microrods, whereas 1D microrods (Z‐SQB⋅CH2Cl2) and 2D microplates (E‐SQB⋅2 CH3OH) could be obtained from SQB assemblies through a solution‐based self‐assembly method. The varied assembly behaviors of these SQs were attributed to different π–π stacking interactions that resulted in different molecular conformations and packing modes. These assemblies exhibited distinct optical properties, and in particular, SQB⋅solvent assemblies showed multiple thermo‐ and vapochromic effects. Thus, the SQB assemblies are potential fluorescent sensors for organic solvent vapors. More importantly, favorable optical‐waveguide properties were observed in these SQ‐based microstructures.