bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study on the disturbance law of the new viaduct pile foundation construction to the subway in the adjacent operation
Authors: Cheng Cheng , Zheng Shuai , Wang Zhongchang , Bian Wenrui , Pang Yanzhi 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
During the construction of elevated bridge pile foundations, the mechanical processes, including the extrusion and friction caused by the steel casing’s rotation into the soil and the soil pressure unloading due to soil extraction from pile holes, can significantly disturb existing structures. To address the engineering challenge posed by the planned elevated bridge on Yuanjiang Street Expressway in Shenyang, which is adjacent to the operational Metro Line 10 Dingxianghu Station, this study investigates the disturbance laws of the pile foundation construction on the mechanical behavior of the subway station. A three-dimensional finite element model of the target project was constructed, and numerical simulations were conducted, with a focus on the stress transfer phenomenon caused by friction between the casing and the soil during rotary excavation. The disturbance laws of pile foundation construction on the nearby operating metro structure and the surrounding soil under different excavation sequences were analyzed. The results indicate that the extent of soil settlement is inversely proportional to the distance from the pile foundation; the maximum compressive stress on the top of the station is 2.23 MPa, and the maximum tensile stress at the bottom is 1.31 MPa. The disturbances to the subway station caused by symmetrical drilling, row drilling, and skip pile drilling decrease in that order. The maximum lateral displacement of the subway station is reduced by 57.2% and 26.6% compared to the case without changing the excavation sequence. The study provides insights into the disturbance laws caused by the mechanical transmission path formed by soil friction during the rotary excavation of new elevated bridge pile foundations near operating subway station, offering theoretical reference for future similar engineering projects.
Impact of insulating layer thickness variation on IGZO-based thin-film transistor performance
Authors: Verma Akshay , Kashyap Nitesh 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This paper highlights the thin film transistors used in the latest applications and devices. The working principle of thin film transistors with various device structures can be used to fabricate thin film transistors. Progress in the latest materials that are being used in applications like LCDs, sensors, RFID tags, Displays, etc The remarkable characteristics of Indium-Gallium-Zinc Oxide (IGZO) thin films, for instance, their transparency and high mobility, have generated significant interest in the application part of Thin-Film Transistors (TFTs). Simulating the functioning of a-IGZO TFTs over Silvaco [Atlas] TCAD Tool, four distinct insulators [SiO2, Si3N4, HfO2, and Al2O3] are taken into consideration by adjusting insulator thicknesses and measuring the overall current density.
Versions of Fallibilism
Authors: Kvanvig Jonathan L 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
A focus on asking more of skepticism than thesis and bare argument can lead to a myopic ignoring of the equal responsibility by the standard commonsense alternative to skepticism. The point of this chapter is to show what these pressures are, and so before taking up the task of theory development for skepticism, it is useful to appreciate the difficulties faced by fallibilists as well as those we have seen faced by skeptics. One direction to take is one that endorses the idea that knowledge requires infallibility, but it is argued here that no such approach is promising and that the a resulting fallibilism needs to be properly characterized and is not easy to do.
Instar and sex determination for Macrosaccus morrisella (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae)
Authors: Lopes dos Santos Juliana , Ribeiro Arthur Vieira , Peluzio Joenes Mucci , Koch Robert L 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The soybean tentiform leafminer, Macrosaccus morrisella (Fitch) (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae), is a new potential pest of soybean; however, little is known about its biology. This study determined the number of instars, how to distinguish those instars, and how to differentiate the sexes of M. morrisella. Soybean plants oviposited on by M. morrisella in the laboratory were sampled daily to assess the development of the insects by measuring larval head capsule width, body length, and leaf area mined. Cages containing a subset of plants were then checked daily until the first emergence of adults. In addition, 20 pupae and resulting adults were sexed. The frequency distribution of head capsule widths of M. morrisella larvae showed 4 nonoverlapping peaks. However, examination of individuals comprising the third peak showed 2 distinct mouthpart morphologies, which were a sap-feeding 3rd instar and a tissue-feeding 4th instar with overlapping distributions of head capsule widths. Inspection of tentiform mines containing individual larvae revealed the presence of up to 4 shed head capsules, confirming the existence of 5 instars. Leaf area mined ranged from 0.28 to 498.45 mm2 per larva. Pupae of M. morrisella were sexually differentiated by observing the presence of the gonads through the cuticle in males and its absence in females, and this was confirmed by examination of the frenula of the resulting adults. This study fills an important gap in our understanding of M. morrisella biology, which is crucial for developing integrated management strategies for this potential pest of soybean in North America.
Functional biogeography of the thermal thresholds for post-dispersal embryo growth in Conopodium majus
Authors: Blandino Cristina , Natlandsmyr Brith , Sandvik Sylvi M , Pritchard Hugh W , Fernández-Pascual Eduardo 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background and Aims
Plant regeneration by seeds is driven by a set of physiological traits, many of which show functional intraspecific variation along biogeographical gradients. In many species, germination phenology depends on a germination delay imposed by the need for post-dispersal embryo growth (a.k.a. morphological dormancy). Such growth occurs as a function of environmental temperatures and shows base, optimum and ceiling temperatures (i.e. cardinal temperatures or thermal thresholds). However, the biogeographical variation in such thresholds has not been tested.

Methods
We used a thermal time approach and field experiments to assess intraspecific variation at the continental scale in the embryo growth thermal thresholds of the geophyte Conopodium majus (Apiaceae) across its distribution from the Iberian Peninsula to Scandinavia.

Key Results
Thermal thresholds for embryo growth varied across the latitudinal gradient, with estimated optimum temperatures between 2.5 and 5.2 °C, ceiling temperatures between 12 and 20.5 °C, and base temperatures between −6.6 and −2.7 °C. Germination in the field peaked in January and February. The limiting factor for embryo growth was the ceiling temperature, which was negatively correlated with latitude and the bioclimatic environment of each population. In contrast, the optimal and base temperature were independent of local climate.

Conclusions
These results indicate that thermal thresholds for embryo growth are functional ecophysiological traits that drive seed germination phenology and seed responses to the soil climatic environment. Therefore, post-dispersal embryo growth can be a key trait impacting climate change effects on phenology and species distributions.
Toward nanoscale structural and chemical analysis of microbial surfaces
Authors: Kato Ryo , Miyazawa Keisuke , Imura Takumi , Minamikawa Takeo 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Microbial surfaces play a critical role in various biological processes, including cell adhesion and biofilm formation. Understanding these surfaces at the nanoscale is essential for both fundamental and applied microbiology. This review explores recent advancements in nanoscale structural and chemical analyses of microbial surfaces, with a focus on vibrational spectroscopy, such as Raman spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy. The review also discusses current challenges of these techniques, including variability in sample preparation and the reproducibility of data, and highlights future directions in nanoscale analysis that could lead to new insights in microbial physiology, antimicrobial resistance, and biofilm research.
Carnosic acid inhibits integrin expression and prevents pulmonary metastasis of melanoma
Authors: Shibata Sachi , Yamada Kohei , Kon Shigeyuki 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Carnosic acid is a naturally occurring, plant-derived polyphenolic abietane diterpene with antitumor properties. However, its underlying mechanisms are still unclear. Therefore, we investigated the effects of carnosic acid on lung metastasis in a murine melanoma model. C57BL/6 mice were intravenously injected with B16-BL6 cells, followed by carnosic acid treatment. Lung weights were recorded, and tumor cell colonies were counted at the end of the experiment. Integrin expression was evaluated using flow cytometry and cell adhesion assays. Lung weights were significantly lower in the carnosic acid group than in the control group, indicating the suppression of metastasis. Carnosic acid suppressed α4 integrin expression in B16-BL6 cells and inhibited α4 and α9 integrin-dependent cell adhesion. Thus, our data suggest that carnosic acid prevents lung metastasis, possibly by suppressing integrin expression. Our findings support the clinical application of carnosic acid as a potential natural antitumor agent, offering a complementary approach to conventional therapies.
Reduced fitness of secondary females in a polygynous species: a 32-yr study of Savannah sparrows
Authors: Mueller Sarah D , Wheelwright Nathaniel T , Mennill Daniel J , Newman Amy E M , Doucet Stéphanie M , Burant Joseph B , Dobney Sarah L , Mitchell Greg W , Spina Hayley A , Woodworth Bradley K , Norris D Ryan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The evolution of mating systems reflects a balance of the often-conflicting interests of males and females. Polygyny, a mating system in which males have multiple mates, presents a fitness benefit to males, but the consequences for females are less clear. Females with polygynous social mates may suffer reduced fitness, especially secondary females who typically receive less male support. We used 32 yr of detailed reproductive data on a population of Savannah sparrows (Passerculus sandwichensis) breeding on Kent Island, NB, Canada, to investigate the effects of females’ social mating status on 6 indices of female fitness: survival, clutch size, fledging success, number of fledglings produced per nest and annually, and recruitment of offspring. Secondary females produced fewer fledglings per nest and annually than did monogamous or primary females, and their young were less likely to recruit into the breeding population. Yearling secondary females also had lower survival rates than older secondary females. Combined with higher rates of partial brood loss among secondary females, our results suggest that secondary females are unable to provide enough care to consistently fledge all nestlings in their broods, likely due to reduced male provisioning. Given that the sex ratio of breeders in the population is female-biased, we suggest that polygyny persists despite its fitness costs because some females must mate polygynously to “make the best of a bad situation.” Our study demonstrates the value of detailed, long-term population monitoring data for understanding mating systems and using multiple indices of fitness to analyze the costs of polygyny.
A reinvestigation of cognitive styles in sticklebacks: decision success varies with behavioral type
Authors: Jones Nick A R , Gaffney Kirstin , Gardella Giacomo , Rowe Annie , Spence-Jones Helen C , Munson Amelia , Houslay Tom M , Webster Mike M 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The “cognitive styles” hypothesis suggests that individual differences in behavior are associated with variation in cognitive performance via underlying speed-accuracy trade-offs. While this is supported, in part, by a growing body of evidence, some studies did not find the expected relationships between behavioral type and cognitive performance. In some cases, this may reflect methodological limitations rather than the absence of a true relationship. The physical design of the testing arena and the number of choices offered in an assay can hinder our ability to detect inter-individual differences in cognitive performance. Here, we re-investigated the cognitive styles hypothesis in threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus), adapting the maze design of a previous study which found no cost to decision success by faster (bolder) individuals. We used a similar design but increased the size of the maze and incorporated an additional choice in the form of a third maze arm. We found, in accordance with cognitive style expectations, that individuals who were consistently slower to emerge from the start chamber made fewer errors than fish that emerged faster. Activity in an open field test, however, did not show evidence of a relationship with decision success, possibly due to the low number of repeated observations per fish in this separate assay. Our results provide further empirical support for the cognitive styles hypothesis and highlight important methodological aspects to consider in studies of inter-individual differences in cognition.
TPepPro: a deep learning model for predicting peptide–protein interactions
Authors: Jin Xiaohong , Chen Zimeng , Yu Dan , Jiang Qianhui , Chen Zhuobin , Yan Bin , Qin Jing , Liu Yong , Wang Junwen 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Motivation
Peptides and their derivatives hold potential as therapeutic agents. The rising interest in developing peptide drugs is evidenced by increasing approval rates by the FDA of USA. To identify the most potential peptides, study on peptide-protein interactions (PepPIs) presents a very important approach but poses considerable technical challenges. In experimental aspects, the transient nature of PepPIs and the high flexibility of peptides contribute to elevated costs and inefficiency. Traditional docking and molecular dynamics simulation methods require substantial computational resources, and the predictive accuracy of their results remain unsatisfactory.

Results
To address this gap, we proposed TPepPro, a Transformer-based model for PepPI prediction. We trained TPepPro on a dataset of 19,187 pairs of peptide-protein complexes with both sequential and structural features. TPepPro utilizes a strategy that combines local protein sequence feature extraction with global protein structure feature extraction. Moreover, TPepPro optimizes the architecture of structural featuring neural network in BN-ReLU arrangement, which notably reduced the amount of computing resources required for PepPIs prediction. According to comparison analysis, the accuracy reached 0.855 in TPepPro, achieving an 8.1% improvement compared to the second-best model TAGPPI. TPepPro achieved an AUC of 0.922, surpassing the second-best model TAGPPI with 0.844. Moreover, the newly developed TPepPro identify certain PepPIs that can be validated according to previous experimental evidence, thus indicating the efficiency of TPepPro to detect high potential PepPIs that would be helpful for amino acid drug applications.

Availability and implementation
The source code of TPepPro is available at https://github.com/wanglabhku/TPepPro.
Rethinking nomenclatural acts: Questions in taxonomy by the dedications to mythology and fictional monsters
Authors: Hayashi Ryota , Higashiyama Hiroki , Goka Koichi 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In recent years, the practice of deriving new species names from celebrities, mythology, and popular culture has attracted significant attention. We argue that, although this practice can potentially enhance public interest in taxonomy and conservation, it also raises important questions about biological nomenclatural systems since Linnaeus, by highlighting examples such as the annelid species Ramisyllis kingghidorahi, named after the iconic monster King Ghidorah. We argue that scientists should carefully consult the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature and should have a good understanding of Latin and Greek when conducting nomenclatural acts.
Reassessing the Criminogenic Risk of the ‘Broken Home’: The Concept of ‘The Good Family’ From the Perspective of Young Offenders in Trinidad and Tobago
Authors: Mendez Melissa 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This paper, based on a qualitative study with incarcerated male young offenders in Trinidad and Tobago, explores participants’ conceptualizations of the impact of family background on adolescent offending. The paper challenges the civilized vs deviant dichotomy often proffered when discussing the presence (and absence) of fathers and offers a nuanced account of what makes a ‘good family’ and a ‘good father’ according to young offenders. Findings demonstrate participants’ preference for the nuclear family, irrespective of whether they were raised within supportive familial networks. These findings raise questions about the continued strength of historically resilient matrifocal support systems in the Caribbean.
Social work and social development in Nepal: Coloniality and a way out
Authors: Mikkonen Enni , Yadav Raj 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In this article, we explore the epistemological and practical dimensions of coloniality within social work and social development in Nepal. The study addresses the foundational aspects of these fields, examining their relationship with local communities and cultures. While Nepal has never been formally colonized, persistent colonial continuums are argued to exist within social work and social development paradigms. By building on the theoretical framework of decolonial and Indigenous orientations, we critically address power dynamics and hegemonies in social work and development scholarship and practice. Empirically, our study builds on interviews with Nepali social workers in development agencies and social work institutions, employing data-driven content analysis. The findings illuminate (1) the manifestations of colonial forces in these fields, (2) the unique nuances of Nepali society, and (3) the contradictions between these aspects, portraying Nepali social work and development as colonial spaces. In addition to providing critical analysis, we propose a way out of the coloniality trap through the expertise of Nepali social workers, reflecting communal and cultural interlinkages. Ultimately, this article offers perspectives for reforming social work and social development realms, fostering pluriversal and decolonial onto-epistemologies not only in Nepal but also in broader contexts.
Online sequential separation, preconcentration, extraction, and transport of Ti, Zr, and Hf by ICP–MS and recovery from nuclear waste
Authors: Sharma Chandramauly , Thakar Devarshi , Agrawal Yadvendra 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The online inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry preconcentration, recovery, and simultaneous trace determination of titanium (Ti), zirconium (Zr), and hafnium (Hf) from sea water is described. The limit of detection is 0.05, 0.03, and 0.33 pg mL−1 for Ti, Zr, and Hf, respectively. The limit of quantification is 1.5, 1.0 and 1.0 pg mL−1 for Ti, Zr, and Hf, respectively. The use of Coumarin Calix–[4] arene hydroxamic acid (CC4AHA) for solvent extraction and separation, and the recovery of Ti, Zr, and Hf is reported. Ti, Zr, and Hf can all be quantitatively extracted from dichloromethane solutions of CC4AHA at molarities of HCl of 6.0, 8.0, and 0.6 M; Ti, Zr, and Hf are all 1:1 bound by tetracarboxy calix[6]crown hydroxamic acid. Under controlled circumstances, a study on the liquid membrane transfer of Ti, Zr, and Hf was conducted from the source to the receiving phase. The ability of the produced chelating extractant to simultaneously separate Ti, Zr, and Hf mixtures was investigated. Analysis of approved standard reference materials was performed to validate the process. The Ti, Zr, and Hf were recovered from sea water and effluents, and determined. The method extended from trace determination of these metals in standard samples of alloys and soil, and industrial samples.
For, of, and by the community: critical place-based reflections on mangroves regeneration in the Indian Sundarbans
Authors: Sen Amrita , Mukherjee Jenia , Ghosh Aditya , Fickert Thomas 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Mangrove plantations are considered coastal buffers for inland territorial zones since they provide protection from tidal surges and extreme weather events like cyclones, storms, and associated floods. Based on empirical fieldwork on selected villages of the Gosaba block located within the Indian Sundarbans, the largest mangroves delta in the world, we argue that a coupled mangrove management system that draws simultaneously on institutional and community-driven knowledge can lead to enhanced and successful mangrove restoration. In most cases, mangrove management strategies and wetland persistence are largely subjected to an external understanding demonstrated mostly by ‘scientific’ knowledge that lacks community agency and invalidates local knowledge of the associated ecosystem. For instance, in the case of Sundarbans, as we observe, mangrove plantations have been subsumed under a ‘policy choice’ backed by ubiquitous institutional foundations. We demonstrate that local community knowledge has significant merits in suggesting conditions in which mangrove replantation can be successful and produce gains – ecosystem conservation, protection of local livelihoods, and bolstered socioecological resilience. The primary objective of the article is to document and underscore community perceptions and efforts in mangrove restoration, accommodating this unrecognized knowledge, and with the larger agenda of recognizing community as forerunners and agents of change – enhancing avenues of community engagement, agency, and empowerment.
National dermatological surgery sustainability survey: an evaluation of healthcare professional beliefs and practices
Authors: Ali Fatima , Jabouri Hakam , Abbott Rachel A , Wernham Aaron 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Dermatological surgery contributes to the large environmental impact of healthcare, but to date there are no data on the current sustainability practices, attitudes or behaviours of UK and Republic of Ireland health professionals involved in skin surgery.

Objectives
We sought to evaluate this using a national sustainability questionnaire organized by the British Society for Dermatological Surgery.

Methods
Over 12 weeks, a 17-item online questionnaire was distributed nationally to healthcare professionals involved in skin surgery.

Results
Responses were received from 115 UK healthcare professionals. ‘See and Treat’ provision for non-Mohs skin surgery was described by 32% of respondents. When compared with single-use equipment (median = 4), reusable equipment (median = 7) outperformed on perceived safety (P = 0.0056), quality (P = 0.00001) and patient outcomes (P = 0.0067), but no difference was found in usability (P = 0.68916). Perceived sustainability was greater in the reusable (median = 7) than single-use (median = 1) (P = 0.00001) equipment. Almost all (97%) respondents believe global climate change is happening, and the majority (74%) are concerned by dermatological surgery’s impact. However, only 44% feel comfortable discussing health effects of climate change with patients. While 75% turn off surgical lighting between lists, often room lighting (31%), equipment (32%) or heating/air conditioning (22%) are forgotten.

Conclusions
While awareness of the impact of dermatological surgery on global climate change is common among healthcare professionals involved in skin surgery, there is room for improvement in translating this into local action, advocacy and service improvement to standards dictated by national sustainability guidance.