bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimizing the use of spineless cactus in the finishing diet of lambs: physicochemical properties and sensory characteristics of meat
Authors: Lima Talma Jordana , Ribeiro Neila Lidiany , Costa Roberto Germano , de Medeiros Geovergue Rodrigues , de Medeiros Ariosvaldo Nunes , de Sousa Solange , de Cassia Ramos do Egypto Queiroga Rita , Serrano Martina P , Barba Francisco J , Lorenzo José M 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe use of spineless cactus in finishing diets for lambs improves the carcass quality. However, data about its influence on meat traits is very scarce. The effects of spineless cactus inclusion in the finishing diet of lambs at four levels (0, 150, 300 and 450 g kg−1 of dry matter, DM) in replacement of Tifton hay on the physicochemical and sensory properties of meat were studied.RESULTSThe spineless cactus modified the chemical composition increasing the protein (P < 0.001) and the fat (P < 0.01) contents of meat, presenting the greatest values in lambs fed diets with 150 and 300 g kg−1 (DM) replacing levels, respectively. However, the spineless cactus did not influence the growth performance from 23.7 to 37.3 kg of body weight (on average). In addition, colour parameters of the meat were not affected by the inclusion of spineless cactus in the finishing diet of lambs, resulting in mean values of 37.55, 14.96 and 8.49 for lightness, redness and yellowness, respectively. There were no statistical differences among treatments for cooking loss and shear force, with mean values of 34.8% and 14.8 N, respectively. Finally, the sensorial properties were not affected by the inclusion of spineless cactus in the finishing diet of lambs.CONCLUSIONSpineless cactus could be included up to the level of 300 g kg−1 DM in the finishing diets of lambs to increase the fat content of meat without compromising its sensorial properties. However, further studies about the fatty acid composition of meat from lambs fed diets containing spineless cactus are necessary. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Apple juice concentrate impregnation enhances nutritional and textural attributes of the instant controlled pressure drop (DIC)‐dried carrot chips
Authors: Peng Jian , Bi Jinfeng , Yi Jianyong , Allaf Karim , Besombes Colette , Jin Xin , Wu Xinye , Lyu Jian , Asghar Ali Mian Noor Hussain 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDOsmotic pretreatment is an effective processing unit for improving the textural quality of dried fruit and vegetable snacks, whereas nutrition loss and high calorie after impregnation is still a noteworthy shortcoming of sugar‐immersed products. Therefore, the use of apple juice concentrate as a clean label solution to improve the qualities of instant controlled pressure drop (DIC)‐dried carrot chips was investigated.RESULTSApple juice concentrate impregnation substantially enhanced the physical properties of the carrot chips, including hardness (38.28 N), crispness (2.01 mm), porosity (66.72%) and homogeneous microstructure, comparable to chips obtained using sucrose and maltiltol based osmotic solutions. Additionally, compared to the sucrose and maltiltol impregnated chips, a higher retention of carotenoids (302.81 μg g–1, dry basis), a higher multiplicity of phenolic compounds, stronger antioxidant activities and a superior sensory score were observed in the chips pretreated with apple juice concentrate.CONCLUSIONApple juice concentrate could be used as a clean label osmotic solution to enhance the organoleptic attributes and fortify the nutritional properties of DIC‐dried carrot snacks. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Role of mobile health on patient enrollment for cleft lip‐palate surgery: A comparative study using SMS blast text messaging in Zimbabwe
Authors: Gadkaree Shekhar K. , Tollefson Travis T. , Fuller Jennifer C. , Muchemwa Faith C. , Gonga Aleck , Shaye David A. 
Published: June 2019

BackgroundPatients' lack of awareness of available services is a significant barrier to delivering surgical care in resource‐limited settings. Short message service (SMS) text messaging is a potential means to disseminate this information in resource‐limited settings, where rates of mobile phone usage are high.MethodsA blast SMS text informing local populations of upcoming cleft lip‐palate (CLP) surgical services was distributed to 25% of the subscriber base 1 week prior to arrival of a (CLP) surgical team in Zimbabwe. A retrospective cohort analysis comparing characteristics of patients presenting to the CLP clinic in the year prior to (2016) and 2 years following (2017–2018) the implementation of the blast SMS text messaging system is performed to assess its impact.ResultsPatients presenting to a single Zimbabwean CLP surgical program in the years with SMS messaging notifications were significantly more likely (52 [64%] vs. 5 [17%], P < .001) to have been informed of surgical services through their mobile phones. The average distance traveled per patient was not significantly different prior to implementation of mass text messaging (180.4 km [SD114.8] vs. 167.4 km [SD105.9], P = .580). The average patient age was significantly higher following the implementation of mass text messaging (7.4 [SD8.7] vs. 3.0 [SD2.8] years, P = .010).ConclusionsSMS messaging is an effective method of informing patients of CLP surgical services in resource‐limited settings. After implementation of SMS text notifications, surgical patients were of increased age, but showed no difference in distance traveled.Level of EvidenceIV
Current use of PROMs and factors associated with their use in patients with nonspecific low back pain
Authors: Brinkman Marjon , Barten Di‐Janne , Pisters Martijn , Verheij Robert 
Published: June 2019

AbstractObjectivePatient‐related outcome measures (PROMs) can guide clinicians in providing evidence‐based treatment and have the potential to empower patients, support clinical decision making, and improve quality of care. In order to make the information coming from PROMs useful, it is important to know to what extent the use of PROMs is biased in any way. Therefore, we assessed (a) the current level of use of PROMs among primary care physiotherapists and (b) which factors on the patient level, therapist level, and primary care practice level are associated with the use of PROMs in patients with nonspecific low back pain (LBP).DesignAn observational study based on electronic health record data recorded routinely in Nivel Primary Care Database.ParticipantsA total of 2916 patients aged 18 years or older with nonspecific LBP consulting a primary care physiotherapist.MethodsMultilevel logistic regression analyses were used to identify factors at the level of the patient, physiotherapist, and primary care practice, which may affect the use of PROMs.ResultsPROMs were used in 46% of the patients, by 72% of the physiotherapists, and in 71% of the physiotherapy practices. None of the included independent variables were associated with the use of PROMs. Only 1% of the variance was explained by the final model.ConclusionThis study shows that the use of PROMs is mostly dependent on characteristics of patients. However, we did not succeed in identifying characteristics of patients that are responsible for that. This could mean that therapists randomly choose patients for PROMs or that there is some other unmeasured patient characteristic determining the use of PROMs. The former explanation implies no systematic bias in the information resulting from PROMs. More research is needed to examine possible related factors to improve implementation and a more frequent use of PROMs in the future.
Neuromelanin, aging, and neuronal vulnerability in Parkinson's disease
Authors: Vila Miquel 
Published: June 2019

AbstractNeuromelanin, a dark brown intracellular pigment, has long been associated with Parkinson's disease (PD). In PD, neuromelanin‐containing neurons preferentially degenerate, tell‐tale neuropathological inclusions form in close association with this pigment, and neuroinflammation is restricted to neuromelanin‐containing areas. In humans, neuromelanin accumulates with age, which in turn is the main risk factor for PD. The potential contribution of neuromelanin to PD pathogenesis remains unknown because, in contrast to humans, common laboratory animals lack neuromelanin. The recent introduction of a rodent model exhibiting an age‐dependent production of human‐like neuromelanin has allowed, for the first time, for the consequences of progressive neuromelanin accumulation—up to levels reached in elderly human brains—to be assessed in vivo. In these animals, intracellular neuromelanin accumulation above a specific threshold compromises neuronal function and triggers a PD‐like pathology. As neuromelanin levels reach this threshold in PD patients and presymptomatic PD patients, the modulation of neuromelanin accumulation could provide a therapeutic benefit for PD patients and delay brain aging. © 2019 The Author. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Primary congenital glaucoma due to paternal uniparental isodisomy of chromosome 2 and CYP1B1 deletion
Authors: Souzeau Emmanuelle , Dubowsky Andrew , Ruddle Jonathan B. , Craig Jamie E. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundCYP1B1 variants and deletions are the most common cause of primary congenital glaucoma (PCG).MethodsWe investigated an individual with PCG from the Australian and New Zealand Registry of Advanced Glaucoma. We performed sequencing of the CYP1B1 gene, followed by Multiplex Ligation‐dependent Probe Amplification and SNP array.ResultsWe identified a homozygous deletion of the CYP1B1 gene by Multiplex Ligation‐dependent Probe Amplification and confirmed that the father was heterozygous for a CYP1B1 deletion but the mother had normal gene copy number. SNP array identified paternal uniparental isodisomy of the entire chromosome 2.ConclusionsThis study is the first report of a homozygous CYP1B1 whole gene deletion due to paternal uniparental isodisomy of chromosome 2 as a cause of PCG. These results illustrate the importance of genetic testing in providing appropriate genetic counseling regarding the risks of recurrence.
Identification of a novel splice site mutation in the SERAC1 gene responsible for the MEGDHEL syndrome
Authors: Snanoudj Sarah , Mordel Patrick , Dupas Quentin , Schanen Cécile , Arion Alina , Gérard Marion , Read Marie‐Hélène , Nait Rabah Djamel , Goux Didier , Chapon Françoise , Jokic Mickael , Allouche Stéphane 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundMEGDHEL is an autosomal recessive syndrome defined as 3‐MEthylGlutaconic aciduria (3‐MGA) with Deafness, Hepatopathy, Encephalopathy, and Leigh‐like syndrome on magnetic resonance imaging, due to mutations in the SERAC1 (Serine Active Site Containing 1) gene, which plays a role in the mitochondrial cardiolipin metabolism.MethodsWe report the case of a young patient who presented with a convulsive encephalopathy, 3‐methylglutaconic aciduria, deafness, and bilateral T2 hypersignals of the putamen and the thalami, who passed away at 8 years of age.ResultsAnalysis of nuclear genes using an ampliSeq™ targeted custom panel disclosed two compound heterozygous variants in the SERAC1 gene: a nonsense substitution in exon 4, c.202C>T, resulting in a premature stop codon (p.Arg68*), and a novel variant at a canonical splicing site upstream exon 4 (c.129‐1G>C). mRNAs sequencing from the fibroblasts of the patient showed that the splice site variant resulted in exon 3 skipping without frameshift while Western blot experiments showed the absence of SERAC1 expression compared to controls and abnormal filipin staining.ConclusionWe showed that the loss of the putative transmembrane domain of SERAC1, due to a novel splice site variant, impairs the protein expression and is responsible for the MEGDHEL syndrome.
Numerical manifold method for dynamic consolidation of saturated porous media with three‐field formulation
Authors: Wu Wenan , Zheng Hong , Yang Yongtao 
Published: June 2019

SummaryIn terms of the three‐field formulation of Biot's dynamic consolidation theory, the numerical manifold method (NMM) is developed, where the same approximation to skeleton displacement (u) and fluid velocity (w) is employed and able to reflect incompressible as well as compressible deformation, but the approximation to pore pressure (p) takes two different types, respectively. The first type of approximation to p is continuous piecewise linear interpolation and the second type assumes that p is a constant within each element. It is verified that using the second type of approximation to p naturally satisfies the inf‐sup condition even in the limits of rigid skeleton and very low permeability, avoiding the locking problem accordingly. Energy components done by various forces are calculated to verify the accuracy and stability of the time integration scheme. A mass lumping technique in the NMM framework is employed to effectively reduce the unphysical oscillations and increase computational efficiency, which is another unique advantage of NMM over other numerical methods. A number of numerical tests are conducted to demonstrate the robustness and versatility of the proposed mixed NMM models.
Updated systematic review and meta‐analysis of the predictive value of serum biomarkers in the assessment and management of fever during neutropenia in children with cancer
Authors: Arif Tasnim , Phillips Robert S. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractRoutinely measurable biomarkers as predictors for adverse outcomes in febrile neutropenia could improve management through risk stratification. This systematic review assesses the predictive role of biomarkers in identifying events such as bacteraemia, clinically documented infections, microbiologically documented infection, severe sepsis requiring intensive care or high dependency care and death. This review collates 8319 episodes from 4843 patients. C‐reactive protein (CRP), interleukin (IL)‐6, IL‐8 and procalcitonin (PCT) consistently predict bacteraemia and severe sepsis; other outcomes have highly heterogeneous results. Performance of the biomarkers at admission using different thresholds demonstrates that PCT > 0.5 ng/mL offers the best compromise between sensitivity and specificity: sensitivity 0.67 (confidence interval [CI] 0.53‐0.79) specificity 0.73 (CI 0.66‐0.77). Seventeen studies describe the use of serial biomarkers, with PCT having the greatest discriminatory role. Biomarkers, potentially with serial measurements, may predict adverse outcomes in paediatric febrile neutropenia and their role in risk stratification is promising.
Effect of sirolimus on coagulopathy of slow‐flow vascular malformations
Authors: Mack Joana M. , Verkamp Bethany , Richter Gresham T. , Nicholas Richard , Stewart Kelly , Crary Shelley E. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackground/ObjectivesStagnant blood flow present in slow‐flow vascular malformations can lead to localized intravascular coagulopathy (LIC), measured by elevated D‐dimer levels, low fibrinogen, and/or thrombocytopenia. LIC can lead to localized thrombosis and/or bleeding, resulting in pain, swelling, and functional limitations. Patients with complex vascular malformations treated with sirolimus show clinical improvement in these symptoms. We hypothesized that the clinical benefits of sirolimus may correlate with improvements in coexisting LIC.Design/MethodsA retrospective chart review was performed, including D‐dimer, fibrinogen, and platelet count, in patients with slow‐flow vascular malformations treated with sirolimus. Laboratory values were assessed at three time points (presirolimus, 1‐3 months postsirolimus, and last clinic visit). Clinical response, as defined by decreased pain and swelling, was extracted from the record.ResultsThirty‐five patients at our vascular anomalies center had been prescribed sirolimus between 2014 and 2017. Fifteen patients (12 combined slow‐flow vascular malformations and three pure venous malformations) remained after excluding patients that did not have adequate records or a venous component to their vascular malformation. Patients who did not adhere to the treatment were also excluded. All 15 had elevated D‐dimer levels prior to treatment and there was a statistically significant decrease in D‐dimer levels following treatment with sirolimus. Symptomatic improvement of pain and swelling was reported after 3 months of starting sirolimus in 13/15 patients.ConclusionThis study suggests that sirolimus improves coagulopathy in slow‐flow vascular malformations, as evidenced by reduced D‐dimer levels. Improvement in LIC symptoms also correlates with sirolimus‐corrected coagulopathy.
Discovery of novel insecticidal 3‐aminopyridyl ureas
Authors: Lambert William T , Buysse Ann M , Wessels Frank J 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDCommercial compound databases represent rich sources of potential starting points for pharmaceutical and agrochemical product development. Routine insecticidal screening of compounds ordered from these sources led to the identification of a 3‐aminopyridyl urea with activity against Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (green peach aphid). Based on this activity and its structural novelty, further exploration of the chemical space around this hit was initiated.RESULTSA series of ureas based on the structure of the initial hit were synthesized and screened for insecticidal activity. A broad range of tail groups derived from cyclic secondary amines were explored, and many of these compounds were found to be insecticidally active. However, only compounds featuring a 3‐aminopyridine or 4‐aminopyridazine head group exhibited significant insecticidal potency. Although activity against M. persicae was consistently observed, these ureas were largely inactive against another key sap‐feeding insect pest, Bemisia tabaci (Glennadius) (sweetpotato whitefly).CONCLUSIONSFollow‐up of an insecticide hit identified from commercial compound acquisition led to the discovery of a novel class of ureas with activity against M. persicae. Despite considerable effort to identify related compounds with additional insecticidal spectrum, however, activity on other important pests remains limited. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Downstream influence of mesoscale convective systems. Part 1: influence on forecast evolution
Authors: Clarke Samantha J. , Gray Suzanne L. , Roberts Nigel M. 
Published: June 2019

Mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) are difficult to forecast due to their inherent‐60 unpredictability and development from scales that are subgrid in typical global models. Here the impacts of model representation of convection on MCS structure and downstream forecast evolution are examined using two configurations of the Met Office Unified Model: the convection‐permitting (4.4‐km grid spacing) limited‐area Euro4 and convection‐parametrizing (25‐km grid spacing) Global configurations.MCSs are associated with a characteristic potential vorticity (PV) structure: a positive PV anomaly in the mid‐troposphere and negative PV anomalies above and to the side of it. Convection‐permitting models produce larger‐amplitude MCS PV anomalies than convection‐parametrizing models. These differences are shown to persist after coarse graining the output from a Euro4 simulation to the 25 km grid spacing of the Global configuration for a case study from July 2012, and are largest in magnitude and extent in the upper troposphere.The effect of the poor representation of this PV structure by convection‐ parametrizing models on forecasts is investigated by adding “MCS perturbations”, calculated as differences between the coarse‐grained Euro4 and the Global outputs, to five‐day Global configuration forecasts. Upper‐level MCS perturbations lead to greater forecast differences than those at middle levels, though using perturbations at all levels yields the greatest impact. For the first 36 hr, differences grow on the convective scale related to the MCS and its influence on a developing UK cyclone, despite perturbation amplitudes initially reducing. Subsequently, differences grow rapidly onto the synoptic scale and by five days impact the entire Northern Hemisphere. MCS perturbations slow the eastward movement of Rossby waves due to ridge amplification. Thus, perturbing convection‐parametrizing models to include PV anomalies associated with MCSs produces synoptic‐scale forecast differences implying that the misrepresentation of the PV structures associated with MCSs are a potential source of forecast errors.
Simultaneous fault estimation for uncertain Markovian jump systems subjected to actuator degradation
Authors: Li Xiaohang , Zhang Weidong , Wang Yueying 
Published: June 2019

SummaryThis paper investigates simultaneous estimations of states, system fault, and sensor fault for a class of Markovian jump systems, resorting to the design of a robust observer, in which both the external disturbance and actuator degradation are taken into consideration. The loss‐of‐effectiveness, stuck, and outage fault cases are involved, and the considered Markovian jump system is assumed to possess generally uncertain transition rates, which can generalize the traditional bounded uncertain transition rates and partially unknown transition rates. In particular, an augmented system whose states cover the original states, system fault, and sensor fault is constructed. Then, a novel adaptive observer is presented with time‐varying gain matrices and parameter accommodation being injected to deal with the disturbance and actuator degradation. Finally, a practical example is shown to demonstrate the high efficiency of the proposed method as well as its advantages over some existing results.
Conformation of D‐π‐A Molecular with Functional Imidazole Group: Achieving High Color Contrast Mechanochromic Behavior and Selectively Detection of Picric Acid in Aqueous Medium
Authors: Zhang Shuaishuai , Zhu Huichao , Huang Jianyan , Kong Lin , Tian Yupeng , Yang Jiaxiang 
Published: June 2019

AbstractMulti‐stimuli responsive D‐π‐A molecular (named CZIZ) comprising of carbazole as D, dicyano as A and imidazole as functional group was designed and synthesized. The photophysical properties showed that CZIZ possessed the property of aggregation‐induced emission enhancement (AIEE) property, which was verified by UV‐vis absorption and fluorescence spectra. In addition, the large twisted structure and loose arrangement induced CZIZ performed high color contrast mechanochromic (MC) behaviors from 537 nm to 584 nm, which was successfully applied in ink‐free rewritable paper. Furthermore, CZIZ showed high selective detection for picric acid (PA) in aqueous medium due to the excellent proton‐binding property of the imidazole group, which was verified by1H NMR spectra. The density functional theory verified that the fluorescent quenching mechanism is a photoinduced electron transfer (PET) process between CZIZ and PA. The compound CZIZ described herein will efficiently expand the development of design principles to supply diverse multifunctional tools for material science and material engineering.