bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FDI, industrialisation and environmental quality in SSA—the role of institutional quality towards environmental sustainability
Authors: Jinapor John Abdulai , Abor Joshua Yindenaba , Graham Michael 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In light of the quest to achieve economic development without compromising environmental quality, we empirically examine whether institutional quality (INSQY) can help moderate the possible harmful effects of foreign direct investments (FDI) and industrialisation on environmental quality in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). We utilise the Driscoll and Kraay standard error estimation technique on a panel of 45 SSA countries from 2000 to 2019. The results indicate that FDI and industrialisation generally have a significant harmful effect on the environment. Our findings reveal that INSQY directly promotes environmental quality. Notably, the results confirm that INSQY plays a stimulating role in mitigating the adverse effects of FDI and industrialisation on environmental quality. The results further validate the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis in SSA. These findings contribute to environmental sustainability literature and offer policymakers insights on how INSQY can enhance environmental quality. Our empirical results are also robust to different estimation techniques, such as the two-stage least squares. We recommend SSA leaders strengthen institutional capacities, enforce environmental regulations, and implement strict policies to ensure environmental quality while promoting industrialisation and FDI inflows.
Dual structural fluxionality in the copper borozene complex Cu3B8−: A two-layered molecular rotor
Authors: Xu Jing-kai , Zhang Hui-yu , Cui Li-juan , Cui Zhong-hua 
Published: November 2024

Doubly aromatic B82−, a borozene analog of benzene (C6H6) due to their similar π bonding, can be considered an ideal base for multi-layered molecular rotors. Here, we theoretically constructed the copper borozene complex Cu3B8− to investigate its stability and structural fluxionality. The lowest energy isomers consist of two-layered configurations: a B8 molecular wheel and a triangular Cu3 motif that either stands upright or lies flat above the B8 wheel. Both configurations exhibit structural fluxionality, as indicated by the free rotation of Cu3 with respect to the B8 molecular wheel, confirmed by Born–Oppenheimer molecular dynamics simulations even at low temperatures. This fluxional behavior is associated with an ultra-soft vibrational mode of Cu3 (less than 10.0 cm−1) and a negligible rotational barrier of 0.01 kcal/mol. Notably, high simulated temperatures cause irregular interconversion between the standing and lying orientations of Cu3 without regularity. Chemical bonding analysis confirmed that charge transfer from Cu3 to the B8 wheel renders Cu3B8− a typical copper borozene complex, [Cu3+][B82−], where B82− has six delocalized π and σ electrons. This electron delocalization contributes to a dilute and continuous electron cloud that underpins the dynamic behavior of the Cu3 trimer.
Extended sperm storage recorded in red-tailed phascogale (Phascogale calura) during a trial translocation to Vulkathunha-Gammon Ranges National Park, South Australia
Authors: Manning Tessa P. , Moyle Talitha , Peacock David , Austin Jeremy J. 
Published: November 2024

We present a case of extended sperm storage in a female red-tailed phascogale (Phascogale calura) during a trial reintroduction in 2022. Parentage reported by single nucleotide polymorphism genotyping revealed the father of one litter had died approximately 50 days before the litter was born. The recorded gestation period for red-tailed phascogales is 28–32 days. Our record indicates sperm storage and/or diapause of up to 15–27 days, at least double the previously recorded sperm storage duration in this species.
Unlocking the value of Shingrix: how vaccination empowers older adults
Authors: Flanagan Katie L. , Wood James G. 
Published: November 2024

Shingles, and its often-debilitating complication post-herpetic neuralgia (PHN), is a common condition, particularly in older populations whose immune systems have declined with age. As the number of older people continues to rise globally, healthy aging becomes an ever-increasing priority from a public health perspective. The recombinant zoster vaccine Shingrix has been shown in clinical trials to have excellent efficacy and provides long-lasting protection even in those with weaker immunity such as the very old. Cost-effectiveness analyses are complex due to the many factors that need to be considered, but many conducted to date support Shingrix vaccination as a cost-effective means of preventing shingles and PHN in the elderly. These studies suggest that Shingrix is superior to the live Zostavax vaccine. Shingrix was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration in October 2017, and the European Medicines Agency and Australian Therapeutic Goods Association in 2018 for the prevention on shingles in adults ≥50 years of age. In 2023, the Pharmaceutical Benefits Advisory Committee (PBAC) recommended funding a Shingrix program in Australia, and it became available on the National Immunisation Program (NIP) that year, whereas the Zostavax vaccine was discontinued. Shingrix is recommended under the Australian NIP for people aged 65 years and over, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people ≥50 years and those ≥18 years with severe immunocompromise. Multiple other countries have funded national Shingrix programs in recent years with similar recommendations. Since its introduction, demand for Shingrix has been high, and uptake is expected to supersede Zostavax uptake.
Gauge invariant perturbations of static spatially compact LRS II spacetimes
Authors: Luz Paulo , Carloni Sante 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We present a framework to describe completely general first-order perturbations of static, spatially compact, and locally rotationally symmetric class II spacetimes within the theory of general relativity. The perturbation variables are by construction covariant and identification gauge invariant and encompass the geometry and the thermodynamics of the fluid sources. The new equations are then applied to the study of isotropic, adiabatic perturbations. We discuss how the choice of frame in which perturbations are described can significantly simplify the mathematical analysis of the problem and show that it is possible to change frames directly from the linear level equations. We find explicitly that the case of isotropic, adiabatic perturbations can be reduced to a singular Sturm–Liouville eigenvalue problem, and lower bounds for the values of the eigenfrequencies can be derived. These results lay the theoretical groundwork to analytically describe linear, isotropic, and adiabatic perturbations of static, spherically symmetric spacetimes.
Moving tubes: the role of walls in a modified Bernoulli equation
Authors: G Amaral H S , de Melo e Souza R , Pereira R M 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In this paper, standard and introductory examples of fluid dynamics are analyzed from an unusual perspective, choosing reference frames in which the tube carrying the fluid is also moving. In such frames, Bernoulli’s equation is not valid, and to analyze the energy balance one must account for the work exerted by the tube’s wall. This example provides a useful pedagogical bridge between fluid dynamics and mechanics courses, allowing both instructors and curious students to (i) reinforce tools such as the work–energy theorem and (ii) appreciate the special nature of the tube’s rest frame, a point rarely emphasized in textbooks. In addition, it is shown how elementary arguments may be used to construct, for a class of representative examples, a frame invariant expression for the pressure difference.
Network architecture search methods for constructing efficient fault diagnosis models in rotating machinery
Authors: Li Jialin , Cao Xuan , Chen Renxiang , Zhao Chengying , Huang Xianzhen 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The development of high-performance fault diagnosis models for specific tasks requires substantial expertise. Neural architecture search (NAS) offers a promising solution, but most NAS methodologies are hampered by lengthy search durations and low efficiency, and few researchers have applied these methods within the fault diagnosis domain. This paper introduces a novel differentiable architecture search method tailored for constructing efficient fault diagnosis models for rotating machinery, designed to rapidly and effectively search for network models suitable for specific datasets. Specifically, this study constructs a completely new and advanced search space, incorporating various efficient, lightweight convolutional operations to reduce computational complexity. To enhance the stability of the differentiable network architecture search process and reduce fluctuations in model accuracy, this study proposes a novel Multi-scale Pyramid Squeeze Attention module. This module aids in the learning of richer multi-scale feature representations and adaptively recalibrates the weights of multi-dimensional channel attention. The proposed method was validated on two rotating machinery fault datasets, demonstrating superior performance compared to manually designed networks and general network search methods, with notably improved diagnostic effectiveness.
Underground XLPE coaxial cable length calculation and fault detection based on broadband impedance spectroscopy
Authors: Liu Chunqi , Chen Dongsheng , Hou Yimin 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Accurately determining the tested cable’s total length is important in cable fault detection and localization. Therefore, an iterative method of relative propagation coefficients based on broadband impedance spectroscopy is proposed to solve the actual length of the cable and a phase difference integral transform method for fault detection. First, the overall detection process framework is designed. Then, the cable distribution parameter model and the characteristics of the input impedance spectroscopy are analyzed. The calculation methods for determining the cable length and propagation coefficients are explained, followed by a demonstration of the fault localization process. Finally, the model LCR1000A impedance analyzer is used to measure cable length and actual faults in cables with lengths of 35 m, 100 m, and 500 m. The final fault location error is less than 0.67%, proving that the method can calculate the length of cables and various fault point locations.
Optimising bearing degradation prediction: a bayesian vector autoregressive-assisted DeepAR model approach
Authors: Fan Kangbo , Peng Yizhen , Mo Yutao 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Accurate prediction of the remaining useful life of bearings is crucial for the maintenance of rotating machinery. Current research often involves extracting multidimensional features from vibration signals to construct health degradation indicator, and health indicator is directly used for degradation prediction. However, constructed health indicator exhibit complex nonlinearity and fail to utilize the correlations with the original multidimensional features. To address this limitation, we propose an integrated prediction framework, known as the bayesian vector autoregression-assisted DeepAR method. The proposed two step prediction framework combines the advantages of covariance prediction and temporal correlation prediction, and realizes the full utilization of multidimensional features correlation information. Additionally, the proposed approach utilizes the intrinsic properties of statistical models to constrain improve the prediction results of deep learning methods, achieving nonlinear modeling of the degradation indicator while maintaining the stability of the prediction results. This process of prediction, re-estimation and adaptive adjustment achieves a balance in model performance. Finally, experimental studies using the PRONOSTIA and XJTU-SY datasets validate the effectiveness of the proposed method in improving the prediction accuracy of bearing health degradation indicators and enhancing the stability of multistep prediction in deep model.
On the internal bremsstrahlung accompanying β-decay and its potential relevance in the application of radioactive sources
Authors: Italiano Antonio , Amato Ernesto , Pistone Daniele , Auditore Lucrezia 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
An in-depth analysis of the decay process for β-emitting radionuclides highlights, for some of them, the existence of high-order effects usually not taken into account in literature as considered negligible in terms of energy and yield, and referred to as Internal Bremsstrahlung (IB). This set of β -radionuclides presents, besides their β spectrum, a continuous γ emission due to the Coulomb field braking action on the emitted electron following the decaying nucleus. In this work, we review the theoretical and experimental studies on the IB process focusing on its actual importance for the pure β emitters. It emerges that there is no satisfactory model able to reproduce the experimental IB distribution for most of the investigated beta emitters and the several measurements are sometimes at odds with each other. Moreover, as recently demonstrated, the IB process can give a relevant contribution to the physics of beta emitters thus requiring its inclusion in the physics of the beta decay. A discussion on the importance of considering IB process in both applicative fields such as nuclear medicine, industrial applications, and research or calibration laboratories, and in other relevant fields of particle physics or astrophysics, such as the research on dark matter or neutrino mass, is presented.
Reversible to irreversible transitions for ac driven skyrmions on periodic substrates
Authors: Bellizotti Souza J C , Vizarim N P , Reichhardt C J O , Reichhardt C , Venegas P A 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Using atomistic simulations, we investigate the dynamical behavior of magnetic skyrmions in dimer and trimer molecular crystal arrangements, as well as bipartite lattices at 3/2 and 5/2 fillings, under ac driving over a square array of anisotropy defects. For low ac amplitudes, at all fillings reversible motion appears in which the skyrmions return to their original positions at the end of each ac drive cycle and the diffusion is zero. We also identify two distinct irreversible regimes. The first is a translating regime in which the skyrmions form channels of flow in opposing directions and translate by one substrate lattice constant per ac drive cycle. The translating state appears in the dimer and trimer arrangements, and produces pronounced peaks in the diffusivity in the direction perpendicular to the external drive. For larger ac amplitudes, we find chaotic irreversible motion in which the skyrmions can randomly exchange places with each other over time, producing long-time diffusive behavior both parallel and perpendicular to the ac driving direction.
Attosecond emission delay from atoms and molecules using multi-dimensional XUV interferometry
Authors: Wyatt Adam S , Lloyd David T , Chapman Richard T , Thornton Christopher , Majchrzak Paulina , Jones Alfred J H , Springate Emma , O’Keeffe Kevin 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Multi-dimensional interferometry of high harmonic generation is demonstrated using an inline Gouy interferometer. The rich data sets acquired with this technique, coupled with its inherent stability, enable robust phase analysis to be performed, allowing the delay in harmonic emission from a range of atomic and molecular gases to be measured relative to harmonic emission from argon with single-digit attosecond precision. Delays of

−
78
±
6

as,

−
25
±
6

as,

30
±
3

as and

60
±
3

as relative to emission from argon were measured for Xe, Kr, CO2 and N2, respectively. The scheme can easily be incorporated in other high harmonic experiments, such as tomographic imaging of molecular orbitals, and provides an experimentally simple route towards probing ultrafast dynamics in molecular systems.
Noise assessment of cold atom interferometry gradiometry observations
Authors: Saberi AmirAbbas , Sharifi Mohammad Ali , Sarreshtedari Farrokh 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Over the past few decades, the development of interferometric techniques utilizing cold atoms has significantly advanced, particularly in the realm of gravimetry. This paper explores the characterization of noise within atomic gradiometry systems, which is essential for enhancing measurement accuracy as new methodologies and tools are introduced. Specifically, we examine the noise components using advanced techniques such as least squares component estimation and Allan variance analysis. Applying these sophisticated methods to two distinct datasets, our results robustly indicate that white noise is the predominant and most resilient type of noise in gravity gradiometry measurements based on atomic interferometry, with variances of

σ

P
1

2

=
2.97
×

10

−
8

for dataset 1 and

σ

P
2

2

=
5.66
×

10

−
7

for dataset 2. The predominance of white noise simplifies the system dynamics and enhances the reliability of the estimation methods. Furthermore, our calculations yield an uncertainty in the gravity gradient resolution of σ
Γ1 = 0.13 E (where 1 E = 10−9 s−2) and σ
Γ2 = 3.55 E over time, underscoring the high precision achievable with current interferometric techniques.
Vehicle flow indication and identification using FBG sensors
Authors: Ankita Rani , Ghorai Swapan Kumar , Sengupta Somnath 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This paper proposes a vehicle flow monitoring system utilizing fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensor technology. The system comprises a prototype road model along with a car with varying loads. The FBG sensor is embedded in the road surface for sensing the strain induced by the vehicle movement. The laboratory experiments were conducted using an embankment model equipped with FBG sensor to identify vehicle movement under static and movable loads. Under static condition, different loads were applied on the car and the corresponding wavelength shifts have been measured using FBG-interrogator. Under dynamic condition, the vehicle was moved with certain speed and the corresponding wavelength shifts were recorded over time. The sensitivity of FBG for vehicle load sensing has been obtained as 0.3 pm/N. The proposed vehicle flow sensor system offers good accuracy and sensitivity and has potential applications for real-time vehicle flow monitoring. The proposed sensor system can be used to analyze road surface irregularities, crucial for assessing heavy-vehicle fatigue.
Derivation of a general and explicit equation for the force between identical cylindrical permanent magnets with the help of Wolfram|Alpha application
Authors: Khalifah Ardi , Murniati Riri , Abdullah Mikrajuddin 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Until recently, there has been no single, explicit equation that explains how force between identical permanent magnets varies with distance over any distance. Typically, observation data is fitted using two curve segments: at large and small distances. In this work, we derive a general equation to determine the force between identical cylindrical permanent magnets at any distance with the help of the Wolfram|Alpha application to get the explicit form of an integral problem introduced by Vokoun et al (J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 321 3758–63, 2009) that appears to have no analytical solution. The resulting equation accurately fits observational data and can be used to estimate the magnetization of permanent magnets.
Chaos-based coverage path planning framework for mobile robots and its digital signal processing implementation
Authors: Zhang Tianxian , Xing Haotian , Xu Xiangliang , Wang Ziwei , Zhao Yongqi 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
For special coverage path planning, chaos-based mobile robots present a promising solution. The robot can cover the area of interest rapidly with unpredictable trajectories. However, this unpredictability causes difficulties in trajectory control and the robot often makes sharp turns, affecting motion stability. To address these challenges, this paper proposes a universal chaos-based path planning framework for mobile robots. Firstly, a chaotic system that can generate multi-scroll and multi-wing attractors is designed to verify the effectiveness of the framework. Secondly, an integrated system consisting of mobile robots and chaos is proposed to generate chaotic trajectories. By the control parameters in the integrated system, the formation mechanism of continuous chaotic trajectories is shown, which makes the chaotic trajectory have the advantages of scaling, rotating, straightening, and bending, and the path planning no longer relies on the chaotic system only. Then, a regional path planning strategy is proposed to control the angular velocity and workspace of the robot, making its motion smooth and reducing trajectory redundancy. Experiments conducted under this framework have demonstrated its university, with various chaotic systems capable of generating efficient robot trajectories with high coverage rate. Compared with the state-of-the-art similar memoryless algorithms, the coverage task can be accomplished quickly and efficiently by our approach. Finally, the robot trajectory tracking control verifies the controllability of chaotic trajectories, and the implementation of chaotic trajectories with digital signal processing techniques further validates the feasibility of path planning frameworks.
Investigation of heat absorption or release in an ideal gases system
Authors: Bai Kezhao , Huang Guiyuan , Zang Kaixi , Yang Li 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In this paper, the heat transfer mechanisms (absorption or release of heat) in an ideal gas system are investigated. The thermodynamic process is described using a pressure-volume diagram, and the relationship between pressure and volume is expressed as a quadratic equation with one variable. The methods employed include graphical analysis and computational techniques. The graphical method involves incorporating adiabatic lines as auxiliary references, while the computational method utilizes both the ideal gas law and the first law of thermodynamics for evaluation.
Dynamics of water, CO2, ethane and their mixtures in ZSM-22 zeolite: the role of polarity and hydrogen bonding
Authors: Kummali Mohammed Musthafa , Cole David , Gautam Siddharth 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Understanding the interplay between confinement effects and intermolecular interactions is essential for predicting molecular diffusion in zeolites. In this study, we investigate the diffusion behavior of ethane, CO2, and water in ZSM-22 molecular sieves, focusing on the effects of mixing these fluids. Our results reveal that while CO2 has minimal impact on ethane diffusion, water significantly slows ethane’s motion by forming molecular bridges across the pore structure, reducing ethane’s diffusion by up to 30%. Ethane, in turn, restricts water’s mobility, and reduces the water–water coordination number from 2.22 to 0.73 depending on concentration. The diffusion of CO2 in mixtures shows a 40% increase in pure state under confinement. The role of polarity and hydrogen bonding is crucial, with water molecules exhibiting 1.2 hydrogen bonds in the confined state—much lower than the 3.4 bonds in bulk water. Molecular rotation in ZSM-22 of all fluids occurs at two distinct time scales: the short-time fast rotation dominated by molecular inertia and the long-time rotation hindered by fluid-zeolite interactions. For water, hydrogen bonding further restricts full rotational freedom. These findings provide a comprehensive understanding of how ethane, water, and CO2 interact and diffuse in nanoporous materials.