bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Root-associated microorganisms reprogram plant life history along the growth–stress resistance tradeoff
Authors: Ravanbakhsh Mohammadhossein , Kowalchuk George A , Jousset Alexandre 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Growth–defense tradeoffs are a major constraint on plant evolution. While the genetics of resource allocation is well established, the regulatory role of plant-associated microorganisms is still unclear. Here, we demonstrate that plant-associated microorganisms can reposition the plant phenotype along the same growth–defense tradeoff that determines phenotypic effects of plant mutations. We grew plants with microorganisms altering ethylene balance, a key hormone regulating plant investment into growth and stress tolerance. Microbial ethylene reduction had a similar effect to mutations disrupting ethylene signaling: both increased plant growth but at the cost of a strong stress hypersensitivity. We conclude that microbial impact on phenotype can offset the effects of mutations and that apparent plant growth promotion has strong pleiotropic effects. This study confirms that plant life history should be addressed as a joint product of plant genotype and its associated microbiota.
Salvador–Warts–Hippo pathway regulates sensory organ development via caspase-dependent nonapoptotic signaling
Authors: Wang Lan-Hsin , Baker Nicholas E. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe fundamental roles for the Salvador–Warts–Hippo (SWH) pathway are widely characterized in growth regulation and organ size control. However, the function of SWH pathway is less known in cell fate determination. Here we uncover a novel role of the SWH signaling pathway in determination of cell fate during neural precursor (sensory organ precursor, SOP) development. Inactivation of the SWH pathway in SOP of the wing imaginal discs affects caspase-dependent bristle patterning in an apoptosis-independent process. Such nonapoptotic functions of caspases have been implicated in inflammation, proliferation, cellular remodeling, and cell fate determination. Our data indicate an effect on the Wingless (Wg)/Wnt pathway. Previously, caspases were proposed to cleave and activate a negative regulator of Wg/Wnt signaling, Shaggy (Sgg)/GSK3β. Surprisingly, we found that a noncleavable form of Sgg encoded from the endogenous locus after CRISPR-Cas9 modification supported almost normal bristle patterning, indicating that Sgg might not be the main target of the caspase-dependent nonapoptotic process. Collectively, our results outline a new function of SWH signaling that crosstalks to caspase-dependent nonapoptotic signaling and Wg/Wnt signaling in neural precursor development, which might be implicated in neuronal pathogenesis.
Clustering algorithm for formations in football games
Authors: Narizuka Takuma , Yamazaki Yoshihiro 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIn competitive team sports, players maintain a certain formation during a game to achieve effective attacks and defenses. For the quantitative game analysis and assessment of team styles, we need a general framework that can characterize such formation structures dynamically. This paper develops a clustering algorithm for formations of multiple football (soccer) games based on the Delaunay method, which defines the formation of a team as an adjacency matrix of Delaunay triangulation. We first show that heat maps of entire football games can be clustered into several average formations: “442”, “4141”, “433”, “541”, and “343”. Then, using hierarchical clustering, each average formation is further divided into more specific patterns (clusters) in which the configurations of players are different. Our method enables the visualization, quantitative comparison, and time-series analysis for formations in different time scales by focusing on transitions between clusters at each hierarchy. In particular, we can extract team styles from multiple games regarding the positional exchange of players within the formations. Applying our algorithm to the datasets comprising football games, we extract typical transition patterns of the formation for a particular team.
Association among PlA1/A2 gene polymorphism, laboratory aspirin resistance and clinical outcomes in patients with coronary artery disease: An updated meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Jing , Liu Jie , Zhou Yaqing , Wang Fei , Xu Ke , Kong Deyu , Bai Jianling , Chen Jun , Gong Xiaoxuan , Meng Haoyu , Li Chunjian 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the association among the PlA1/A2 gene polymorphism, laboratory aspirin resistance and adverse clinical outcomes in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients who were on aspirin maintainance therapy. A comprehensive literature search was performed and 35 eligible clinical trials including 19025 CAD patients were recruited. Adverse clinical outcomes involving all-cause death, non-fatal myocardial infarction (MI), ischemic stroke and target vessel revascularization (TVR) were analyzed. The definition of aspirin resistance in each study was accepted. Meta-analysis was performed using the Review Manager 5.3.5 System. In CAD patients, the PlA2 gene carriers had similar incidence of laboratory aspirin resistance compared to those with PlA1/A1 genotype [29.7% vs 28.3%, OR = 0.94 (95% CI 0.63 to 1.40, P = 0.74)], and there were no significant differences in the adverse clinical outcomes between the PlA2 carriers and the PlA1/A1 genotype patients. However, the laboratory aspirin non-responders had higher risks of death [7.9% vs. 2.5%, OR = 2.42 (95% CI 1.86 to 3.15, P < 0.00001)] and TVR [4.5% vs. 1.7%, OR = 2.20 (95% CI 1.19 to 4.08, P = 0.01)] compared to the responders. In aspirin-treated CAD patients, the laboratory aspirin resistance predicts all-cause death and TVR. However, the PlA1/A2 gene polymorphism predicts neither the laboratory aspirin response nor the clinical outcomes.
Site-Directed Alkylation Detected by In-Gel Fluorescence (SDAF) to Determine the Topology Map and Probe the Solvent Accessibility of Membrane Proteins
Authors: Lin Yu-Hung , Lin Sung-Yao , Li Guan-Syun , Weng Shao-En , Tzeng Shu-Ling , Hsiao Yu-Hsuan , Hu Nien-Jen 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe topology of helix-bundle membrane proteins provides low-resolution structural information with regard to the number and orientation of membrane-spanning helices, as well as the sidedness of intra/extra-cellular domains. In the past decades, several strategies have been developed to experimentally determine the topology of membrane proteins. However, generally, these methods are labour-intensive, time-consuming and difficult to implement for quantitative analysis. Here, we report a novel approach, site-directed alkylation detected by in-gel fluorescence (SDAF), which monitors the fluorescent band shift caused by alkylation of the EGFP-fused target membrane protein bearing one single introduced cysteine. In-gel fluorescence provides a unique readout of target membrane proteins with EGFP fusion from non-purified samples, revealing a distinct 5 kDa shift on SDS-PAGE gel due to conjugation with mPEG-MAL-5K. Using the structurally characterised bile acid transporter ASBTNM as an example, we demonstrate that SDAF generates a topology map consistent with the crystal structure. The efficiency of mPEG-MAL-5K modification at each introduced cysteine can easily be quantified and analysed, providing a useful tool for probing the solvent accessibility at a specific position of the target membrane protein.
DMBT1 inhibition of Pseudomonas aeruginosa twitching motility involves its N-glycosylation and cannot be conferred by the Scavenger Receptor Cysteine-Rich bacteria-binding peptide domain
Authors: Li Jianfang , Wan Stephanie J. , Metruccio Matteo M. E. , Ma Sophia , Nazmi Kamran , Bikker Floris J. , Evans David J. , Fleiszig Suzanne M. J. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe scavenging capacity of glycoprotein DMBT1 helps defend mucosal epithelia against microbes. DMBT1 binding to multiple bacterial species involves its conserved Scavenger Receptor Cysteine-Rich (SRCR) domains, localized to a 16-mer consensus sequence peptide, SRCRP2. Previously, we showed that DMBT1 bound Pseudomonas aeruginosa pili, and inhibited twitching motility, a pilus-mediated movement important for virulence. Here, we determined molecular characteristics required for twitching motility inhibition. Heat-denatured DMBT1 lost capacity to inhibit twitching motility and showed reduced pili binding (~40%). Size-exclusion chromatography of Lys-C-digested native DMBT1 showed that only high-Mw fractions retained activity, suggesting involvement of the N-terminal containing repeated SRCR domains with glycosylated SRCR-Interspersed Domains (SIDs). However, individual or pooled consensus sequence peptides (SRCRPs 1 to 7) showed no activity and did not bind P. aeruginosa pili; nor did recombinant DMBT1 (aa 1–220) or another SRCR-rich glycoprotein, CD163. Enzymatic de-N-glycosylation of DMBT1, but not de-O-glycosylation, reduced its capacity to inhibit twitching motility (~57%), without reducing pili binding. Therefore, DMBT1 inhibition of P. aeruginosa twitching motility involves its N-glycosylation, its pili-binding capacity is insufficient, and it cannot be conferred by the SRCR bacteria-binding peptide domain, either alone or mixed with other unlinked SRCRPs, suggesting an additional mechanism for DMBT1-mediated mucosal defense.
Trastuzumab in der Behandlung schwangerer Mammakarzinompatientinnen – ein Literaturüberblick
Authors: Goller Sophia S. , Markert Udo R. , Fröhlich Karolin 
Published: September 2019

ZusammenfassungDas Mammakarzinom gehört zu den am häufigsten in der Schwangerschaft auftretenden Malignomen. Da Frauen zunehmend erst in fortgeschrittenem Alter gebären, ist anzunehmen, dass die Inzidenz schwangerschaftsassoziierter Mammakarzinome zukünftig weiter steigen wird. Aufgrund schwangerschaftsbedingter Veränderungen und zurückhaltender Diagnostik kommt es häufig dazu, dass diese Karzinome erst in fortgeschrittenen Stadien detektiert werden und somit meist einer systemischen adjuvanten Therapie bedürfen. Verfügbare Daten bezüglich des optimalen chemotherapeutischen Managements sind limitiert. Insbesondere zur Anwendung des Target-Agents Trastuzumab, das in der Therapie des HER2-überexprimierenden Mammakarzinoms der nicht schwangeren Frau einen entscheidenden Beitrag zur Verbesserung der Prognose leisten konnte, fehlen dezidierte Informationen bezüglich des Wirk- und Sicherheitsprofils in der Schwangerschaft sowie auch hinsichtlich etwaiger Langzeiteffekte auf das Kind. Innerhalb der derzeit verfügbaren Literatur konnten 38 Schwangerschaften unter Trastuzumab zur Therapie eines Mammakarzinoms analysiert werden. Es lassen sich daraus Informationen gewinnen und Rückschlüsse ziehen, die zukünftig die Therapieoptionen der schwangeren Mammakarzinompatientin individualisieren und entscheidend verbessern können.
Significant Improvement in Quality of Life, Positive Effect on Sexuality, Lasting Reconstructive Result and Low Rate of Complications Following Cystocele Correction Using a Lightweight, Large-Pore, Titanised Polypropylene Mesh
Authors: Cadenbach-Blome Tina , Grebe Markus , Mengel Mathias , Pauli Friedrich , Greser Angelika , Fünfgeld Christian 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Introduction Patients who suffer from pelvic organ prolapse can experience severe limitations in their quality of life. To improve the quality of life of women affected and achieve a stable reconstruction, surgical therapy is often indispensable. In conventional prolapse surgery, the rate of recurrence is high. For this reason, alloplastic mesh has been implanted increasingly in recent years to reconstruct the anatomy of the pelvic floor organs. Even if the anatomical result can be significantly improved as a result, the mesh-induced complications have been the subject of controversial discussion. In this national, multicentre study, the quality of life, anatomical result as well as the rate of complications following the implantation of an alloplastic mesh for the correction of a cystocele were investigated.
Method Fifty-four patients with symptomatic ≥ grade II were included in this prospective, national, multicentre study. The study participants were implanted with a titanised polypropylene mesh (TiLOOP® PRO A, pfm medical ag). The follow-up observation period was 12 months. Primary as well as repeat procedures were taken into account. The anatomic result of the pelvic floor reconstruction was quantified using the POP-Q system. Data on quality of life and sexuality were collected using validated questionnaires. All complications which occurred were documented and evaluated by an independent committee.
Results On average, the patients were in line with the census. An improvement in quality of life was able to be determined during the study in all domains investigated (p < 0.001, Wilcoxon test). Minus incorrect entries and incorrect reports, a total of 19 reports of adverse events in 15 patients were evaluated by the end of the study. The rate of recurrence in the anterior compartment was 4.3%.
Conclusion In the reconstruction of the anatomical position of the pelvic floor organs given the presence of a symptomatic cystocele, the implantation of a third-generation alloplastic mesh achieves very good results. Affected patients benefit from the anatomical stability as well as a significant improvement in quality of life, whereby the risks are justifiable.
Xerostomia Therapy Due to Ionized Radiation Using Preconditioned Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Authors: Mulyani Sri Wigati Mardi , Astuti Eha Renwi , Wahyuni Otty Ratna , Ernawati Diah Savitri , Ramadhani Nastiti Faradilla 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Objectives The aim of this study was to describe the process of regeneration of damaged salivary glands due to ionizing radiations by bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) transplantation that have been given hypoxic preconditioning with 1% O2 concentration.
Materials and Methods Stem cell culture was performed under normoxic (O2: 21%) and hypoxic conditions by incubating the cells for 48 hours in a low oxygen tension chamber consisting of 95% N2, 5% CO2, and 1% O2. Thirty male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: two groups of control and two groups of treatment. A single dose of 15 Gy radiation was provided to the ventral region of the neck in all treatment groups, damaging the salivary glands. BM-MSCs transplantation was performed in the treatment groups for normoxia and hypoxia 24-hour postradiation.
Statistical Analysis Statistical analysis was done using normality test, followed by MANOVA test (p < 0.05).
Results There was a significant difference in the expression of binding SDF1-CXCR4, Bcl-2 (p < 0.05) and also the activity of the enzyme α-amylase in all groups of hypoxia.
Conclusion BM-MSCs transplantation with hypoxic precondition increases the expression of binding SDF1-CXCR4, Bcl-2 that contributes to cell migration, cell survival, and cell differentiation.
Histological Assessment of Palatal Donor Site Wound Healing after Application of Moringa oleifera Lamarck Leaf Extract in Rats
Authors: Amaliya Amaliya , Muhaimina Regina Kumala , Susanto Agus , Sutjiatmo Afifah B. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Objective Palatal excisional wound healing in 60 Sprague–Dawley rats was studied for a period of 14 days.
Materials and Methods The wounds were made with a punch biopsy instrument with a diameter of 4 mm. After wounding, the test groups received a topical gel of Moringa oleifera Lamarck 2% or 4% leaf extract, whereas control groups received povidone iodine gel and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC 4%). Three rats were killed at 0, 3, 7, 10, and 14 days after wounding from each allocated group. The wounds were assessed at different control times and light microscopy was employed to view serial sections from blocks with magnification.
Results Histological examination revealed that group treated with M. oleifera Lamarck 4% leaf extract showed the highest fibroblast synthesis and collagen deposition.
Conclusion This study suggests that M. oleifera Lamarck leaf extract could be developed as a therapeutic agent for wound healing.
Acute Nontraumatic Muscle Weakness
Authors: Jangra Kiran , Bhagat Hemant , Takkar Aastha 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAcute nontraumatic weakness (ANTW) is defined as acute onset of weakness in any part of the body. The weakness occurs due to interruption at any point along the motor pathway. The motor pathway originates from upper motor neuron cells in the cerebral cortex and traverses through the brainstem till lower motor neurons in the spinal cord. The axon of a lower motor neuron is known as the peripheral motor nerve that synapses with muscle. ANTW is of varied etiology and presentation that may be immediately life-threatening if respiratory muscles or autonomic nervous system is involved. Involvement of respiratory muscles may be associated with respiratory failure that may require mechanical ventilation. The weakness may be localized to one limb or generalized involving several muscle groups. When bulbar muscles are involved, weakness leads to problem in swallowing and coughing that endangers the patient's airway. Similarly, the course of the disease also varies, and these patients may worsen rapidly. Hence, a comprehensive history, systematic evaluation, and a detailed neurological examination are performed to localize the disorder. There are specific clinical features peculiar to the particular location of the lesion in the body. Hence, it is possible to anatomically localize these lesions based on the clinical features. Initial laboratory tests and appropriate neuroimaging should be obtained as indicated by history and examination. The time-sensitive emergencies should be addressed immediately, as the delay in management may lead to either permanent neurological damage or may worsen the overall outcome in such conditions. The initial management should always include care of airway, breathing, and circulation (ABC). The imaging should be obtained only after initial stabilization of ABC. The definitive treatment should be done as per the etiology.
Attack robustness and stability of generalized k-cores
Authors: Shang Yilun 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Earlier studies on network robustness have mainly focused on the integrity of functional components such as the giant connected component in a network. Generalized k-core (Gk-core) has been recently investigated as a core structure obtained via a k-leaf removal procedure extending the well-known leaf removal algorithm. Here, we study analytically and numerically the network robustness in terms of the numbers of nodes and edges in Gk-core against random attacks (RA), localized attacks (LA) and targeted attacks (TA), respectively. In addition, we introduce the concept of Gk-core stability to quantify the extent to which the Gk-core of a network contains the same nodes under independent multiple RA, LA and TA, respectively. The relationship between Gk-core robustness and stability has been studied under our developed percolation framework, which is of significance in better understanding and design of resilient networks.
Solar-powered mini-grids and smart metering systems, the solution to Rwanda energy crisis
Authors: Dieu Niyonteze Jean De , Zou Fumin , Osarumwense Asemota Godwin Norense , Bimenyimana Samuel 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
As the population and economy of Rwanda continue to grow, the energy consumption in Rwanda has shown a continuous rise correspondingly to the population and modern socio-economic life desired in the past few decades. According to the Ministry of Infrastructure, Rwanda household access to electricity increased to 52% by September 2018. Not only does 48% of Rwanda’s population have no electricity, but also the grid is not stable where persistent power failures occur. However, the government has invested in the power sector in order to achieve 100% access to electricity for all population by 2024.To ensure that the country gets affordable and reliable power supply, it needs very strong energy sector’s projects, policy and private partners to achieve these objectives. In this paper, policy and semi-private operator model were proposed where solar-powered mini-grids and smart metering systems will provide a sustainable solution to the energy crisis by increasing electricity reliability and providing power to different energy consumers. The challenges discussed include community engagement, financial and technical. The focus is on the partnership between the government through local people and private partners by maximizing investor attraction, mutual profitability, intense model and reliable or inexpensive energy for the population. The continuation of policy supports would be necessary for this century to maintain and enhance the growth of solar energy in this country which is the essential strategy for rural electrification, for climate change and low carbon footprint development.
Analysis and evaluation of power system voltage stability considering pumped storage power station
Authors: Yu Yue , Jin Long , Li Yanjun , Liu Longhao , Liu Guangye 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Aiming at the influence of the connection of pumped storage power station to power grid on voltage stability, the impedance modulus margin defined by non-linear equivalent analysis method is used as the evaluation index of system voltage stability, and a method for evaluating power system voltage stability considering pumped storage power station is proposed. Considering the peak-cutting function of pumped storage power station, the calculation method of general impedance modulus margin of load nodes is derived. The general impedance modulus margin of load nodes is calculated by changing the output and access position of pumped storage power station, and its influence on the voltage stability of power system is analyzed. Coordinating the access position and output of pumped storage power station to improve the voltage stability of the system. Finally, through the simulation calculation on the standard node system, the feasibility of the project is verified.
Application of an improved harmonic detection algorithm in harmonic control of charging station
Authors: Kunfeng Zhang 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
With the rapid prosperity of the electric vehicle industry, the demand for charging stations providing charging services has become increasingly strong, which followed by serious power quality problems. Because the current level of the charging station changes gradually with time, the harmonic current generated by the charging station will also change gradually with time. The influence of the low-pass filter leads to the slow start-up and tracking speed of harmonic current detection method based on ip-iq algorithm, which cannot meet the need of harmonic control in charging station. In this paper, the harmonic characteristics and basic structure of six-pulse rectifier charging pile are analyzed in detail, and the charging station model based on six-pulse rectifier charging pile is established. At the same time, in order to meet the need of harmonic suppression, a harmonic current detection algorithm based on variable step size LMS/LMF algorithm is proposed and analyzed comprehensively. The simulation and experimental results show that compared with the traditional harmonic detection algorithm, the improved harmonic detection algorithm has obvious advantages in many aspects, such as start-up and tracking speed, and has good engineering application prospects.