bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of S1QELs and S3QELs to link mitochondrial sites of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide generation to physiological and pathological outcomes
Authors: Watson Mark A. , Wong Hoi-Shan , Brand Martin D. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Changes in mitochondrial superoxide and hydrogen peroxide production may contribute to various pathologies, and even aging, given that over time and in certain conditions, they damage macromolecules and disrupt normal redox signalling. Mitochondria-targeted antioxidants such as mitoQ, mitoVitE, and mitoTEMPO have opened up the study of the importance of altered mitochondrial matrix superoxide/hydrogen peroxide in disease. However, the use of such tools has caveats and they are unable to distinguish precise sites of production within the reactions of substrate oxidation and the electron transport chain. S1QELs are specific small-molecule Suppressors of site IQElectron Leak and S3QELs are specific small-molecule Suppressors of site IIIQoElectron Leak; they prevent superoxide/hydrogen production at specific sites without affecting electron transport or oxidative phosphorylation. We discuss the benefits of using S1QELs and S3QELs as opposed to mitochondria-targeted antioxidants, mitochondrial poisons, and genetic manipulation. We summarise pathologies in which site IQ in mitochondrial complex I and site IIIQo in mitochondrial complex III have been implicated using S1QELs and S3QELs.
Thyroid Related Quality of Life in Elderly with Subclinical Hypothyroidism and Improvement on Levothyroxine is Distinct from that in Young Patients (TSAGE)
Authors: Recker Stefanie , Voigtländer Richard , Viehmann Anja , Dunschen Karin , Kerp Helena , Frank-Raue Karin , Leidig-Bruckner Gudrun , Graf Dieter , Lederbogen Sebastian , Dietrich Johannes W. , Görges Rainer , Brabant Georg , Völker Uwe , Watt Torquil , Zwanziger Denise , Moeller Lars Christian , Führer Dagmar 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate in a longitudinal approach whether levothyroxine (LT4) substitution has a different impact on quality of life (QoL) and thyroid related QoL in younger (<40 years) and older subjects (>60 years) with elevated thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) concentrations. The study included male and female patients with newly diagnosed, untreated subclinical hypothyroidism defined by TSH>8 mU/l. Patients were recruited throughout Germany from 2013–2016 and evaluated by clinical assessment, blood sampling and questionnaires for health related QoL and thyroid-disease thyroid-related QoL (ThyPRO) at time of diagnosis and six months after initiation of LT4 treatment. We found significantly lower QoL in both young and old patients with subclinical hypothyroidism compared to age-matched healthy individuals. Higher scores on follow-up were found in all patients irrespective of age, indicating better QoL on LT4 therapy. Analysis of the ThyPRO questionnaire showed that old patients experienced less Emotional Susceptibility, Tiredness, and Impaired Day Life on LT4, while young patients reported less Cognitive Complaints, Emotional Susceptibility, and Impaired Day Life compared to baseline assessment. Hypothyroidism with TSH concentrations>8 mU/l is associated with impairment in general and ThyPRO QoL in young and old age. Older patients benefited from LT4 therapy and remarkably show similar degree of improvement as younger patients, albeit with some thematic variation in ThyPRO QoL. Our data confirm current recommendations on initiation of LT4 substitution and suggest that this should not be withheld in elderly with TSH concentration above 8–10 mU/l.
Abstehende Ohren: Otoplastik wirkt sich positiv auf
psychosoziale Probleme aus
Authors: Lindemann Jörg 
Published: September 2019

Sirin S et al. Psychosocial effects of otoplasty in adult patients: a prospective
cohort study. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2019: 276: 1533–1539
Die operative Korrektur abstehender Ohren ist der häufigste ästhetische
Eingriff im Alter unter 18 Jahren. Der psychosoziale Nutzen: Weniger Ängste,
ein höheres Selbstwertgefühl und eine bessere Körperbildwahrnehmung. Ob
Erwachsene gleichermaßen profitieren, ist bislang nur unzureichend
untersucht. Eine Studie der türkischen Universität Kocaeli ist dieser Frage
nachgegangen.
Physikalische Therapie in der Rehabilitation entzündlich-rheumatischer Erkrankungen
Authors: Dischereit Gabriel , Lange Uwe 
Published: September 2019

ZusammenfassungTrotz beeindruckender Weiterentwicklungen pharmakotherapeutischer Möglichkeiten in den vergangenen Jahren und einem großen zur Verfügung stehenden Armamentarium an Wirksubstanzen haben Patienten mit entzündlich-rheumatischen Erkrankungen häufig einen erheblichen Rehabilitationsbedarf. Dies ist zum einen darauf zurückzuführen, dass viele entzündlich-rheumatische Erkrankungen einen chronischen Verlauf aufweisen und nicht selten zu Funktions- und Strukturdefiziten am Bewegungssystem führen. Zum anderen wird selbst unter einer modernen immunmodulierenden Therapie nur bei einem Teil der Patienten eine langfristige Remission erzielt, sodass die Gelenkdestruktionen und damit die Funktionseinschränkungen häufig weiter voranschreiten. Im Fokus der rehabilitativen Interventionen stehen daher eine Verbesserung von Gelenkfunktion und -stabilität, ein Aufbau von Muskelkraft und -ausdauer sowie Schmerzreduktion und Entzündungsdämpfung. Je nach Krankheitsbild müssen aber auch sensible und motorische Störungen sowie (psycho)vegetative Dysregulationen und Adaptationsprozesse adressiert werden. Bei Patienten mit entzündlich-rheumatischen Erkrankungen gehört neben einem Erhalt bzw. einer Verbesserung von Gelenkfunktion und posturaler Kontrolle auch ein Erhalt bzw. eine Verbesserung der Gesamtmobilität zu den primären Rehabilitationszielen. Der folgende Artikel fokussiert auf die aktuelle Evidenz physikalischer Therapiemaßnahmen im Rahmen der Rehabilitationsbehandlung bei entzündlich-rheumatischen Erkrankungen.
(Y)ears of Freedom? Customized Splints in Microtia Reconstruction to Maintain Cephloauricular Angle
Authors: Shanmugam S. Sridevi , Venkataraman Janhavi 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background Maintaining ear projection and preservation of cephaloauricular sulcus from obliteration following graft contracture is a challenge following staged microtia reconstruction. Authors have designed simple, effective, and easy-to-use splints to ensure improved aesthetic outcomes and patient compliance.
Materials and Methods This is a prospective study over 3 years including 8 patients of both sexes aged 6 to 12 years. Custom-made ear splints were designed separately for females and males and used to maintain ear projection. Projection of the ear was measured postoperatively and at follow-up using goniometer and photographic records. Outcome was assessed in terms of cephaloauricular angle, conchal depth, pain, cost-effectiveness, splint retention period, and aesthetics.
Results and Conclusion Maximal follow-up was 2 years. The splint effectively maintained ear projection of more than 30 degrees. Patient compliance was optimal, and no major complications were associated with its prolonged use.
Postpartum Patient Navigation and Postpartum Weight Retention
Authors: Kominiarek Michelle A. , Summerlin Sydney , Martinez Noelle G. , Yee Lynn M. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Objective This study aimed to evaluate postpartum weight retention (PPWR) among women who participated in a postpartum patient navigation (PN) program.
Study Design English-speaking pregnant or postpartum women receiving publicly-funded prenatal care at a hospital-based clinic were invited to receive PN services through 12 weeks postpartum. Women were eligible for this analysis if height and weight values were available. Weights at 4 to 12 weeks and up to 12 months postpartum were compared in PN and non-PN historical-control groups and analyzed as mean PPWR (difference from prepregnancy weight) and categorically as PPWR > 5kg.
Results Among the 311 women, 152 participated in the PN program and 159 were historical controls. There were no differences in age, race and ethnicity, prepregnancy body mass index (BMI), nulliparity, and preterm birth between the groups (p > 0.05). At 4 to 12 weeks postpartum, mean PPWR (4.0 ± 6.7 vs. 2.7 ± 6.3 kg, p = 0.06) and PPWR > 5 kg (61/144 [42%] vs. 50/145 [34%], p = 0.15) did not differ between groups. Similarly, up to 12 months postpartum, mean PPWR (4.5 ± 7.1 vs. 5.0 ± 7.5 kg, p = 0.59) and PPWR > 5 kg (22/50 [44%] vs. 30/57 [53%], p = 0.55) did not differ between groups.
Conclusion Although PN is a promising intervention to improve women's health care utilization and other associated health outcomes, in this particular navigation program, participation was not associated with PPWR at 4 to 12 weeks and up to 12 months postpartum.
Anatomy of Landsmeer Ligaments—Redefined
Authors: Balakrishnan T. M. , Subbaraj Harsha , Jaganmohan J. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Introduction Landsmeer ligaments play a significant role in synchronizing the movements of the two distal phalanges of the fingers. However, there is considerable controversy in descriptions of its anatomy, function, presence, and clinical applications.
Aim To ascertain and redefine the detailed anatomy of Oblique Retinacular (ORL) and Transverse Retinacular ligaments (TRL) and their applied features.
Materials and Methods Anatomical dissection study was conducted in 100 cadaveric fingers in 42 cadavers (28 fresh specimens and remaining preserved specimens) under loupe magnification. The whole dorsal digital expansion with attached fibrous flexor sheath was dissected and specimen was examined after thorough saline wash. The dimensions, course, attachment, and configuration were noted in each specimen. The statistical mean was obtained for thickness of the ligaments. The measurements were made using a caliper at the level of the mid proximal phalanx, volar to the proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint, and dorsal to the distal interphalangeal (DIP) joint.
Results By anatomical dissection we have found the following:• The ORL was deep to the TRL.• The ORL had got a check rein effect at the PIP joint, in such a way that extension of the PIP joint causes extension of the DIP joint.• The ORL criss-crossed volar to the A3 pulley of fibrous flexor sheath and formed a good hammock for the PIP joint. This criss-crossing anatomical feature was found in all dissected fingers as an additional normal anatomical feature complementing the classical description of Landsmeer.• Variations in configuration of the Landsmeer ligaments were observed among various fingers.• The Landsmeer ligament was never absent as reported by several studies.
Conclusion Contrary to several studies, the ORL was omnipresent in all dissected fingers with considerable variations in dimensions. Complementing the classical description of Landsmeer, we found that there was an additional normal criss-cross anatomical feature of the ORL in all fingers volar to A3 pulley and deep to the TRL. Also, the TRL was present in all the fingers.
Infrapatellar Fat Pad Resection or Preservation during Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Systematic Review
Authors: Yao Benjamin , Samuel Linsen T. , Acuña Alexander J. , Faour Mhamad , Roth Alexander , Kamath Atul F. , Mont Michael A. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractConsiderations of how to improve postoperative outcomes for total knee arthroplasty (TKA) have included preservation of the infrapatellar fat pad (IPFP). Although the IPFP is commonly resected during TKA procedures, there is controversy regarding whether resection or preservation should be implemented, and how this influences outcomes. Therefore, the purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate how IPFP resection and preservation impacts postoperative flexion, pain, Insall-Salvati Ratio (ISR), Knee Society Score (KSS), patellar tendon length (PTL), and satisfaction in primary TKA. PubMed, EBSCO host, and SCOPUS were queried to retrieve all reports evaluating IPFP resection or preservation during TKA, which resulted into 488 studies. Two reviewers independently reviewed these articles for eligibility based on pre-established inclusion and exclusion criteria. Eleven studies were identified for final analysis, which reported on 11,996 cases. Patient demographics, type of surgical intervention, follow-up duration, and clinical outcome measures were collected and analyzed. Complete resection was implemented in 3,723 cases (31%), partial resection in 5,458 cases (45.5%), and preservation of the IPFP in 2,815 cases (23.5%). Clinical outcome measures included PTL (5 studies), knee flexion (4 studies), pain (6 studies), KSS (3 studies), ISR (3 studies), and patient satisfaction (1 study). No differences were found following IPFP resection for patient satisfaction (p = 0.98), ISR (p > 0.05), and KSS (p > 0.05). There was mixed evidence for PTL, pain, and knee flexion following IPFP resection versus preservation. Studies of shorter follow-up intervals suggested improved pain following resection, while reports of longer follow-up times indicated that resection resulted in increased pain. Given the mixed data available from the current literature, we were unable to conclude that one surgical technique can definitively be considered superior over the other. More extensive research, including randomized controlled trials, is required to better elucidate potential differences between the surgical handling choices. Future studies should focus on patient conditions in which one technique would be best indicated to establish guidelines for best surgical outcomes in those patients.
Mid-Term Evaluation of the Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty in Patients with BMI of 40 or Greater
Authors: Seth Akshay , Dobransky Johanna , Albishi Waleed , Dervin Geoffrey F. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractLimited evidence is available on mid-term follow-up for patients with body mass index (BMI) ≥ 40 receiving a unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA). The primary objective of this study was to investigate survival of the UKA in patients with BMI ≥ 40. Secondary objectives were to assess functional and patient reported outcome measures (PROMs). Survival analysis with endpoint revision of any component for any reason was conducted using Kaplan–Meier technique on 121 knees (103 patients) that underwent UKA with Oxford Phase 3 implant (Oxford Knee, Biomet, Swindon, United Kingdom) between September 2001 and March 2014 by seven surgeons. Survivorship differences were compared using Log Rank (Mantel-Cox) tests, and Cox Proportional Hazard Model was used to assess predictors of failure. Preoperative PROMs were compared at 2 and 5 years postoperatively using paired t-tests. Mean age of patients was 58 years (43–75), mean BMI 43 kg/m2 (40–51), and mean follow-up 7 years (2 months to 15 years). Survival rate for the whole cohort was 92% at 2 years and 86% at 5 years. Females had a significantly higher revision rate than males (p = 0.043). A total of 19 knees required revision (16 to TKA, 2 polyethylene liner exchanges, and 1 femoral component and liner revision). With respect to PROMs, there was a significant improvement at 2 and 5 years (p < 0.001) on 4 of 5 knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome score subscales. The mid-term survival rate for the Oxford UKA in patients with morbid obesity is similar to that of other nondesigner patient series with BMI ≥ 30, which provides further evidence for the safety of the implant in this patient population with significant improvements on PROMs at short and mid-term follow-up.
The composition of a Neandertal social group revealed by the hominin footprints at Le Rozel (Normandy, France)
Authors: Duveau Jérémy , Berillon Gilles , Verna Christine , Laisné Gilles , Cliquet Dominique 
Published: September 2019

SignificanceThe limited knowledge we have of the size and composition of Neandertal social groups is usually based on indirect approaches using archeological or osteological data. In contrast, footprints provide more direct information about group size and composition. However, they are scarce in the fossil record, particularly for Neandertals. The discovery of 257 footprints at Le Rozel (Normandy, France) opens up a new approach for studies of the composition of Neandertal groups. By applying a morphometric method to a sample of fossil footprints made during a single brief occupation event, our analysis shows that they represent a small group with a majority of children and thus provides direct evidence of the composition of a Neandertal group.
Intermediate-scale horizontal isoprene concentrations in the near-canopy forest atmosphere and implications for emission heterogeneity
Authors: Batista Carla E. , Ye Jianhuai , Ribeiro Igor O. , Guimarães Patricia C. , Medeiros Adan S. S. , Barbosa Rafael G. , Oliveira Rafael L. , Duvoisin Sergio , Jardine Kolby J. , Gu Dasa , Guenther Alex B. , McKinney Karena A. , Martins Leila D. , Souza Rodrigo A. F. , Martin Scot T. 
Published: September 2019

Significance
Unquantified intermediate-scale heterogeneity in VOC emissions over Amazonia may be a key contributor to the observed discrepancy between measured and modeled VOC concentrations, but in situ measurements for investigating the possibility have been lacking. The measurements presented herein quantify horizontal VOC concentration gradients over different forest subtypes at intermediate scales of several hundred meters. The results suggest that there are biases in both top-down estimates based on satellite or aircraft measurements and bottom-up approaches based on leaf or tower measurements. The results demonstrate how observations collected by UAV-enabled technologies fill a missing niche among leaf-level, tower, aircraft, and satellite scales. Information at this previously unavailable scale is needed for accurate understanding and predictions related to changing forests under climate stress.
Human papillomavirus E7 oncoprotein targets RNF168 to hijack the host DNA damage response
Authors: Sitz Justine , Blanchet Sophie Anne , Gameiro Steven F. , Biquand Elise , Morgan Tia M. , Galloy Maxime , Dessapt Julien , Lavoie Elise G. , Blondeau Andréanne , Smith Brandon C. , Mymryk Joe S. , Moody Cary A. , Fradet-Turcotte Amélie 
Published: September 2019

Significance
Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) cause 5% of all cancers, including cervical cancers and a growing number of oropharyngeal cancers, which are reaching epidemic proportion. While HPV oncogenes promote the acquisition of cancer hallmarks such as sustained proliferation and resistance to cell death by targeting the p53 and pRb pathways, the mechanism by which they induce genomic instability leading to cellular transformation remains largely unknown. This paper describes how the HPV oncoprotein E7 directly impedes the cellular response to DNA double-strand breaks by interacting with a previously uncharacterized domain of the E3 ubiquitin ligase RNF168. As the function of RNF168 is essential for proper DNA repair, our findings reveal a mechanism by which HPV induces genomic instability and fuels cancer progression.
Interesting identities involving weighted representations of integers as sums of arbitrarily many squares
Authors: Jang Min-Joo , Kane Ben , Kohnen Winfried , Man Siu Hang 
Published: September 2019

Significance
There are many links between the areas of combinatorics (counting problems), number theory, and complex analysis. We apply a technique to study combinatorial problems via product formulas for their generating functions. We apply these to a certain class of functions for which the product formulas are particularly nice, but the approach may be applied to the study of other combinatorial problems whose generating functions are modular forms, and we believe that these may lead to a number of interesting identities in the future.
Revealing angular momentum transfer channels and timescales in the ultrafast demagnetization process of ferromagnetic semiconductors
Authors: Chen Zhanghui , Luo Jun-Wei , Wang Lin-Wang 
Published: September 2019

Significance
As conventional silicon technology is close to its physical limitation, the researchers have been studying the technology for next-generation electronic devices beyond Moore’s Law. Ultrafast control of magnetic order by light provides a promising realization of such a target. However, despite 2 decades of studies, the key question remains: How does the angular momentum transfer among photon, spin, electron, and phonon subsystems? This question is critical for magnetization control. In this work, using a quantum simulation algorithm, we are able to provide direct, real-time snapshots of the ultrafast demagnetization process. This enables us to reveal the demagnetization mechanism and provide a quantum-mechanical microscopic picture for the issues regarding angular momentum transfer channels and timescales.
A round Earth for climate models
Authors: Prather Michael J. , Hsu Juno C. 
Published: September 2019

Significance
Early climate and weather models, constrained by computing resources, made numerical approximations on modeling the real world. One process, the radiative transfer of sunlight through the atmosphere, has always been a costly component. As computational ability expanded, these models added resolution, processes, and numerical methods to reduce errors and become the Earth system models that we use today. While many of the original approximations have since been improved, one—that the Earth’s surface and atmosphere are locally flat—remains in current models. Correcting from flat to spherical atmospheres leads to regionally differential solar heating at rates comparable to the climate forcing by greenhouse gases and aerosols. In addition, spherical atmospheres change how we evaluate the aerosol direct radiative forcing.