bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Simultaneous NODDI and GFA parameter map generation from subsampled q‐space imaging using deep learning
Authors: Gibbons Eric K. , Hodgson Kyler K. , Chaudhari Akshay S. , Richards Lorie G. , Majersik Jennifer J. , Adluru Ganesh , DiBella Edward V.R. 
Published: November 2018

Purpose
To develop a robust multidimensional deep‐learning based method to simultaneously generate accurate neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI) and generalized fractional anisotropy (GFA) parameter maps from undersampled q‐space datasets for use in stroke imaging.
Methods
Traditional diffusion spectrum imaging (DSI) capable of producing accurate NODDI and GFA parameter maps requires hundreds of q‐space samples which renders the scan time clinically untenable. A convolutional neural network (CNN) was trained to generated NODDI and GFA parameter maps simultaneously from 10× undersampled q‐space data. A total of 48 DSI scans from 15 stroke patients and 14 normal subjects were acquired for training, validating, and testing this method. The proposed network was compared to previously proposed voxel‐wise machine learning based approaches for q‐space imaging. Network‐generated images were used to predict stroke functional outcome measures.
Results
The proposed network achieves significant performance advantages compared to previously proposed machine learning approaches, showing significant improvements across image quality metrics. Generating these parameter maps using CNNs also comes with the computational benefits of only needing to generate and train a single network instead of multiple networks for each parameter type. Post‐stroke outcome prediction metrics do not appreciably change when using images generated from this proposed technique. Over three test participants, the predicted stroke functional outcome scores were within 1–6% of the clinical evaluations.
Conclusions
Estimates of NODDI and GFA parameters estimated simultaneously with a deep learning network from highly undersampled q‐space data were improved compared to other state‐of‐the‐art methods providing a 10‐fold reduction scan time compared to conventional methods.
American Normal: Situated Theory and American Anthropological Knowledge Production
Authors: Wolf‐Meyer Matthew 
Published: November 2018

AbstractKey social scientific concepts are based in local theories particular to the North Atlantic, and the United States especially, and have been exported by anthropologists to analyze diverse ethnographic contexts despite the lack of interrogation of their status as local, American theories. In this article, I address this situation by focusing on the elaboration of American normalcy in its present moment, dependent upon a lay reconfiguration of “ideology,” “hegemony,” and “history.” In advancing this analysis, I focus on popular media journalism and its analysis of the Trump presidency. My approach is bifocal, at once focusing on the history of these Marxian concepts while attending to their permutations in the present. Focusing on these concepts and their relation to ideas of the individual and institutions opens up possibilities for the symmetrical analysis of knowledge production practices and everyday actions of popular and expert communities, and lays the foundation for the cultural anthropology of the U.S. to critique contemporary U.S. politics as well as social science knowledge production and its circulation.
Effects of a Community‐Based Diabetes Prevention Program for Latino Youth with Obesity: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Soltero Erica G. , Olson Micah L. , Williams Allison N. , Konopken Yolanda P. , Castro Felipe G. , Arcoleo Kimberly J. , Keller Colleen S. , Patrick Donald L. , Ayers Stephanie L. , Barraza Estela , Shaibi Gabriel Q. 
Published: November 2018

ObjectiveThis study examined the short‐ and long‐term effects of a community‐based lifestyle intervention among Latino youth with obesity.MethodsLatino adolescents (14‐16 years old) were randomized to a 3‐month lifestyle intervention (n = 67) or comparison control (n = 69) and followed for 12 months. The intervention included weekly nutrition and health classes delivered to groups of families and exercise sessions (3 days/week) delivered to groups of adolescents. Comparison youth received laboratory results and general health information. Primary outcomes included insulin sensitivity and weight‐specific quality of life (QoL) with secondary outcomes of BMI percentile (BMI%), waist circumference, and percent body fat.ResultsAt 3 months, youth in the intervention group exhibited significant increases in insulin sensitivity (P < 0.05) and weight‐specific QoL (P < 0.001), as well as reductions in BMI%, waist circumference, and percent body fat compared with controls. Increases in weight‐specific QoL and reductions in BMI% and percent body fat remained significant at 12 months (P < 0.001), while changes in insulin sensitivity did not. In a subsample of youth with prediabetes at baseline, insulin sensitivity (P = 0.01), weight‐specific QoL (P < 0.001), and BMI% (P < 0.001) significantly improved at 3 months.ConclusionsLifestyle intervention can improve cardiometabolic and psychosocial health in a vulnerable population of Latino adolescents at high risk for developing type 2 diabetes.
Only strongly enhanced residual FDG uptake in early response PET (Deauville 5 or qPET ≥ 2) is prognostic in pediatric Hodgkin lymphoma: Results of the GPOH‐HD2002 trial
Authors: Kurch L. , Hasenclever D. , Kluge R. , Georgi T. , Tchavdarova L. , Golombeck M. , Sabri O. , Eggert A. , Brenner W. , Sykora K.W. , Bengel F.M. , Rossig C. , Körholz D. , Schäfers M. , Feuchtinger T. , Bartenstein P. , Ammann R.A. , Krause T. , Urban C. , Aigner R. , Gattenlöhner S. , Klapper W. , Mauz‐Körholz C. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractPurposeIn 2014, we published the qPET method to quantify fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG‐PET) responses. Analysis of the distribution of the quantified signals suggested that a clearly abnormal FDG‐PET response corresponds to a visual Deauville score (vDS) of 5 and high qPET values ≥ 2. Evaluation in long‐term outcome data is still pending. Therefore, we analyzed progression‐free survival (PFS) by early FDG‐PET response in a subset of the GPOH‐HD2002 trial for pediatric Hodgkin lymphoma (PHL).Patients/MethodsPairwise FDG‐PET scans for initial staging and early response assessment after two cycles of chemotherapy were available in 93 PHL patients. vDS and qPET measurement were performed and related to PFS.ResultsPatients with a qPET value ≥ 2.0 or vDS of 5 had 5‐year PFS rates of 44%, respectively 50%. Those with qPET values < 2.0 or vDS 1 to 4 had 5‐year PFS rates of 90%, respectively 80%. The positive predictive value of FDG‐PET response assessment increased from 18% (9%; 33%) using a qPET threshold of 0.95 (vDS ≤ 3) to 30% (13%; 54%) for a qPET threshold of 1.3 (vDS ≤ 4) and to 56% (23%; 85%) when the qPET threshold was ≥ 2.0 (vDS 5). The negative predictive values remained stable at ≥92% (CI: 82%; 98%).ConclusionOnly strongly enhanced residual FDG uptake in early response PET (vDS 5 or qPET ≥ 2, respectively) seems to be markedly prognostic in PHL when treatment according to the GPOH‐HD‐2002 protocol is given.
Synthesis of 3a‐hydroxyhexahydropyrrolo[2,3‐B]Indole‐2‐carboxamide, an oxidation product of tryptophan present in natural products
Authors: Blanc Antoine , Perrin David M. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe 3a‐hydroxyhexahydropyrrolo[2,3‐b]indole‐2‐carboxamide (HO‐HPIC) is formed from the oxidation of tryptophan residues and is well represented in peptide‐based natural products. These natural products exhibit potential medicinal activities and thus have caught the attention of chemists and biologists over the past few years. Considerable effort has been marshaled toward the synthesis of HO‐HPIC‐containing natural products, but only a few of these peptides have been successfully synthetically prepared. This review briefly describes a few choice natural products containing the HO‐HPIC motif, summarizes the biological activities and synthetic routes of selected natural compounds containing HO‐HPIC, and emphasizes the use of dimethyldioxirane (DMDO) in the oxidation of tryptophan and its derivatives to HO‐HPIC‐containing motifs.
Everyday protective buffering predicts intimacy and fear of cancer recurrence in couples coping with early‐stage breast cancer
Authors: Perndorfer Christine , Soriano Emily C. , Siegel Scott D. , Laurenceau Jean‐Philippe 
Published: November 2018

AbstractObjectivePatient and spouse/partner mutual self‐disclosure is central for maintaining intimacy and cognitive processing when transitioning to life after cancer. Protective buffering inhibits self‐disclosure and is defined as efforts to protect one's partner from upset and burden by hiding or denying cancer‐related concerns. Intimacy and fear of cancer recurrence (FCR) are important determinants of individual and couple adaptation following cancer. Links between protective buffering and intimacy have not been examined in the context of daily life, and links with FCR have not been studied. We hypothesized that protective buffering is associated with decreased intimacy and increased FCR at a daily, within‐person level.MethodsSixty‐nine early‐stage breast cancer (BC) survivors and their spouses completed electronic diaries for 21 consecutive days at the end of adjuvant treatment. Patients and spouses reported on daily protective buffering, intimacy, and FCR. Dyadic multilevel path modeling was used to estimate within‐person effects. Patient and spouse protective buffering on one's own as well as one's partner's same‐day intimacy and FCR were examined, controlling for previous levels of intimacy and FCR.ResultsProtective buffering was associated with decreased intimacy and increased FCR for the individual reporting buffering that same day. Patient and spouse protective buffering was also linked to decreased intimacy for her/his partner that same day. Moreover, patient protective buffering predicted increased spouse FCR that same day.ConclusionsFindings supported a daily, within‐person link between buffering, intimacy, and FCR, suggesting open disclosure of cancer‐related concerns may be a relevant target for interventions for adaptation to BC.
Static and Dynamic Permittivity Measurement of High Explosives in the W Band to Investigate Shock and Detonation Phenomena
Authors: Rougier Benoit , Lefrançois Alexandre , Chuzeville Vincent , Poeuf Sandra , Aubert Hervé 
Published: November 2018

AbstractRadio interferometry techniques are often used to investigate shock and detonation phenomena thanks to the radio‐transparency of high explosives in the gigahertz frequency band. These techniques require the knowledge of the permittivity of studied explosives. Although the permittivity has been thoroughly studied for many materials, very few data are available at high frequencies (>75 GHz) for high explosives. In this paper, we report static measurement data of the permittivity for various reactive materials using the standard line transmission method between 75 GHz and 110 GHz (W frequency Band), and we present dynamic measurement results at 94 GHz obtained from the so‐called detonation wavefront tracking method. It is shown that the measurement results provided by these two methods are in good agreement. As a consequence, this work validates the detonation wavefront tracking method for the dynamic measurement of high explosives permittivity, and shows that the static experimental results are relevant for shock wave propagation analysis from millimeter‐wave measurement techniques.
Utility of Glycosylated TIMP3 molecules: Inhibition of MMPs and TACE to improve cardiac function in rat myocardial infarct model
Authors: Chintalgattu Vishnu , Greenberg Joanne , Singh Shivani , Chiueh Venice , Gilbert Amy , O'Neill Jason W. , Smith Stephen , Jackson Simon , Khakoo Aarif Y. , Lee TaeWeon 
Published: November 2018

AbstractTissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase 3 (TIMP3) is a secreted protein that has a great utility to inhibit elevated metalloproteinase (MMP) activity in injured tissues including infarcted cardiac tissue, inflamed vessels, and joint cartilages. An imbalance between TIMP3 and active MMP levels in the local tissue area may cause worsening of disease progression. To counter balance elevated MMP levels, exogenous administration of TIMP3 appeared to be beneficial in preclinical studies. However, the current form of WT‐TIMP3 molecule has a limitation to be a therapeutic candidate due to low production yield, short plasma half‐life, injection site retention, and difficulty in delivery, etc. We have engineered TIMP3 molecules by adding extra glycosylation sites or fusing with albumin, Fc, and antibody to improve pharmacokinetic properties. In general, the C‐terminal fusion of TIMP3 improved expression and production in mammalian cells and extended half‐lives dramatically 5‐20 folds. Of note, a site‐specific glycosylation at K22S/F34N resulted in a higher level of expression and better cardiac function compared to other fusion proteins in the context of left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF) changes in a rat myocardial infarction model. It appeared that cardiac efficacy depends on a high ECM binding affinity, in which K22S/F34N and N‐TIMP3 showed a higher binding to the ECM compared to other engineered molecules. In conclusion, we found that the ECM binding and sustained residence of injected TIMP3 molecules are important for cardiac tissue localization and inhibition of adverse remodeling activity.
Speeding up the ensemble data assimilation system of the limited‐area model of Météo‐France using a block Krylov algorithm
Authors: Mercier François , Michel Yann , Montmerle Thibaut , Jolivet Pierre , Gürol Selime 
Published: November 2018

Ensembles of data assimilations (EDA) in numerical weather prediction (NWP) are frequently used for both initialization of ensemble prediction systems and provision of background‐error statistics to a deterministic variational data assimilation scheme. The EDA consists of running multiple data assimilation schemes in parallel with perturbed observations and backgrounds. This kind of ensemble is computationally expensive, in particular because it requires the solution of as many linear systems as there are members in the ensemble.Recently, we proposed the use of block Krylov methods to take advantage of the EDA structure to solve all the linear systems simultaneously, allowing us to reduce the number of iterations needed for convergence. This approach is studied further in this article. We develop advanced parallelization strategies for the block Krylov method formulated in observation space using the Object‐Oriented Prediction System (OOPS) jointly developed by the European Centre for Medium‐Range Weather Forecasts, Météo‐France, and their partners.The algorithm is fully tested with the EDA of the limited‐area model AROME of Météo‐France, for different weather situations and configurations representative of the current system, namely assimilating around 104–105 observations together with 25 members. This new block Krylov approach allows us to gain from 13–45% of the computational time of the minimizations. Experiments with extended configurations that assimilate more observations and use more ensemble members confirm the potential of the algorithm in the future, with gains of up to 65%.
Distributed leader‐follower consensus for a class of semilinear second‐order multiagent systems using time scale theory
Authors: Babenko Serhii , Defoort Michael , Djemai Mohamed , Nicaise Serge 
Published: November 2018

SummaryThe problem of distributed leader‐follower consensus for second‐order linear multiagent systems with unknown nonlinear inherent dynamics is investigated in this paper. It is assumed that the dynamic of each agent is described by a semilinear second‐order dynamic equation on an arbitrary time scale. Using calculus on time scales and direct Lyapunov's method, some sufficient conditions are derived to ensure that the tracking errors exponentially converge to zero. Some numerical results show the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.
Serum from Asthmatic Mice Potentiates the Therapeutic Effects of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in Experimental Allergic Asthma
Authors: Abreu Soraia C. , Xisto Debora G. , Oliveira Tainá B. , Blanco Natalia G. , Castro Lígia Lins , Kitoko Jamil Zola , Olsen Priscilla C. , Lopes-Pacheco Miquéias , Morales Marcelo M. , Weiss Daniel J. , Rocco Patricia R.M. 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by airway inflammation and remodeling, which can lead to progressive decline of lung function. Although mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have shown beneficial immunomodulatory properties in preclinical models of allergic asthma, effects on airway remodeling have been limited. Mounting evidence suggests that prior exposure of MSCs to specific inflammatory stimuli or environments can enhance their immunomodulatory properties. Therefore, we investigated whether stimulating MSCs with bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) or serum from asthmatic mice could potentiate their therapeutic properties in experimental asthma. In a house dust mite (HDM) extract asthma model in mice, unstimulated, asthmatic BALF-stimulated, or asthmatic serum-stimulated MSCs were administered intratracheally 24 hours after the final HDM challenge. Lung mechanics and histology; BALF protein, cellularity, and biomarker levels; and lymph-node and bone marrow cellularity were assessed. Compared with unstimulated or BALF-stimulated MSCs, serum-stimulated MSCs further reduced BALF levels of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-13, and eotaxin, total and differential cellularity in BALF, bone marrow and lymph nodes, and collagen fiber content, while increasing BALF IL-10 levels and improving lung function. Serum stimulation led to higher MSC apoptosis, expression of various mediators (transforming growth factor-β, interferon-γ, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor-α-stimulated gene 6 protein, indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase-1, and IL-1 receptor antagonist), and polarization of macrophages to M2 phenotype. In conclusion, asthmatic serum may be a novel strategy to potentiate therapeutic effects of MSCs in experimental asthma, leading to further reductions in both inflammation and remodeling than can be achieved with unstimulated MSCs. Stem Cells Translational Medicine 2019;8:301&312
Chemical Degradation of Poly(bisphenol A carbonate) Waste Materials: A Review
Authors: Singh Ram , Shahi Surybala , Geetanjali  
Published: November 2018

AbstractPlastics are indispensable and integral part of our daily life. Each year, we generate tonnes of plastics waste. Poly(bisphenol A carbonate) has created a space for itself in the plastic industry due to its high performance properties. The high rate of production created a major challenge in its management after use or becoming as waste. In this brief review, we have described the chemical degradation of poly(bisphenol A carbonate) and the use of catalyst and reagents. Some of the most utilized chemical degradation methods like alcoholysis, hydrolysis and aminolysis have been explained in detail. The chemical reactions involved in the degradation process have also been discussed.
Phosphine‐Catalyzed [3 + 2] Annulation of γ‐ Substituted Allenoates: Novel Access to Functionalized Cyclopentenes and Bicyclic[3, 3, 0]octene Derivatives
Authors: Li Erqing , Jin Hongxing , Huang You 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe phosphine‐catalyzed [3 + 2] cyclizations of γ‐substituted allenoates have been applied to the synthesis of functionalized cyclopentenes and bicyclic compounds in moderate to good yields. The operation is simple and scalable with good functional group tolerance. In addition, the novel substrate‐controlled phosphine‐catalyzed domino reaction not only enriches the chemistry of γ‐substituted allenoates, but also enables easy access to skeletally diverse products.
Control of Shell Morphology in p–n Heterostructured Water‐Processable Semiconductor Colloids: Toward Extremely Efficient Charge Separation
Authors: Kim Yu Jin , Schaller Richard D. , Fry Harry Christopher 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThis article describes p–n heterostructured water‐borne semiconductor naonoparticles (NPs) with unique surface structures via control of shell morphology. The shell particles, comprising PC60–[6,6]‐phenyl‐C61‐butyric acid methyl ester (PC61BM) composite, having n‐type semiconductor characteristics, notably influence the charge carrier behavior in the core–shell NPs. A one‐ or two‐phase methodology based on a PC60 surfactant‐water phase and PC61BM n‐type semiconductor‐organic phase provides highly specific control over the shell structure of the NPs, which promote their superior charge separation ability when combined with poly‐3‐hexyl‐thiophene (P3HT). Moreover, the resulting water‐borne NP exhibits shell morphology‐dependent carrier quenching and stability, which is characterized via luminescence studies paired with structural analysis. Corresponding to the results, outstanding performances of photovoltaic cells with over 5% efficiency are achieved. The results suggest that the surrounding shell environments, such as the shell structure, and its electronic charge density, are crucial in determining the overall activity of the core–shell p–n heterostructured NPs. Thus, this work provides a new protocol in the current fields of water‐based organic semiconductor colloids.
Double bind at the UN: Western actors, Russia, and the traditionalist agenda
Authors: STOECKL KRISTINA , MEDVEDEVA KSENIYA 
Published: November 2018

Abstract:This article is dedicated to analysis of the traditionalist agenda, promoted by Russia, in recent debates in the United Nations Human Rights Council (‘Traditional values’ from 2009 to 2013, ‘Protection of the family’ from 2014 to 2017). The traditionalist agenda could be interpreted as yet another chapter of contextualist opposition to the universalist application human of rights and as a successor to the cultural relativism in human rights promoted in the past by the Organization of Islamic States or countries from the Global South. This article seeks to challenge such an interpretation and instead makes the argument that the traditionalist agenda employs novel aspects of illiberal norm protagonism in the human rights sphere. The article undertakes an in-depth analysis of the discourse coalitions of both supporters and opponents of the traditionalist agenda, using the tools of discourse analysis in international relations and drawing on a constructivist approach to norm diffusion in international organisations.