bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Who is young at heart and when? Diastolic Doppler data from the mind your heart study
Authors: Abuzaid Ahmed , Cohen Beth E. , Pursnani Seema , Lahsaeizadeh Seba , Ristow Bryan , Shaw Richard E. , Rosenblatt Andrew , Fang Qizhi , Schiller Nelson B. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractTo further define the age‐related distribution of diastolic function as defined by E/A ratio, in healthy male adults. The age‐sensitive ratio of mitral inflow E‐wave to A‐wave (E/A) velocity is often considered in the evaluation of diastolic function. To appropriately direct a comprehensive evaluation of diastolic function, we sought to improve the characterization of the influence of age on E/A ratio. We analyzed echocardiographic data from the Mind Your heart Study, a cohort of outpatients recruited from two San Francisco Veterans centers to examine the effect of mental health on cardiovascular outcomes. Individuals with a history of heart disease or hypertension were excluded, leaving 313 veterans for analysis. We examined E/A by 5‐year increments and performed linear and logistic regression analysis to predict trends in E/A and E dominance. Within the age ranges of population (54.9 ± 11.5), there is a steady gradual decline in absolute E/A ratio (beta coefficient/year‐ 0.018, P < .001) and the odds of E dominance similarly declines with age (odds ratio/year = 0.89, P < .001). Despite this decline, 90% of individuals below the age of 50 years maintain E dominance. Beyond age 50, 55% maintain E dominance, and beyond age 70, only 28% have E dominance. In this adequately healthy population, age‐related progression of delayed relaxation appears to be a state of normality rather than diastolic dysfunction. Careful attention to specific cutoff points in age and E/A ratio could avoid misinterpretation or inappropriate management.
Optimal mixed ownership: A contract view
Authors: Wang Zheng , Heywood John S. , Ye Guangliang 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis paper reconsiders the classic issue of whether provision of a public good should be undertaken directly by the government or through private contracting (Hart, Andrei, & Robert, 1997). We consider a third alternative of provision by a mixed ownership firm. We assume that this mixed ownership firm provides the government principal with a combination of the contracting problems it faces in the two more extreme alternatives. We show that full government ownership and provision is never optimal and that frequently the mixed firm undertakes intermediate investments that also prove welfare superior to fully private contracting. These results carry over to an extension in which the agent is presumed to be a foreigner.
Women of African Descent and Protestantism
Authors: Schüller Marilia A. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis article aims to highlight critical elements of the Brazilian history and context as a basis for understanding the participation and action of women of African descent within Brazilian Protestantism. It begins by reviewing the establishment of Protestant denominations in Brazil against the background of slavery, which was abolished only in 1888, before turning to how a national identity was developed in Brazil that strove to be White, ignoring inequalities due to slavery, and the existence of racism in Brazil, thereby feeding what came to be known as the “myth of the Brazilian racial democracy.” The article goes on to discuss the historical and continuing conditions of women of African descent, and to offer elements for a clearer understanding of the lives of women of African descent in Protestant churches in Brazil.
Conquest and the Western Church
Authors: Leslie Rachel T. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis article examines the action of power relations in the church in pursuit of worldly advantage – political, economic, and social – in the formation, action, and spread of the institution of the Western church, often in collusion with the imperial aspirations of state powers. It argues that redress is required to make amends for injustices and crimes against humanity, as well as to evangelize more effectively in a world that includes those victimized by those claiming to represent God's authority.
Development of small bulge fatigue testing technique using small disk‐type specimen
Authors: Komazaki Shin‐ichi , Jojima Ryuichiro , Muraoka Nanna , Nogami Shuhei , Kamaya Masayuki , Hisaka Chiaki , Fujiwara Masaharu , Nitta Akito 
Published: September 2019

AbstractA new fatigue testing technique, the small bulge fatigue (SBF) test using a small disk‐type specimen with flat and concave surfaces, was developed in this study. In the technique, a cyclic oil pressure could be alternatively applied to both specimen surfaces at the frequency of 10 Hz. After some verification tests for the displacement and strain measurements, type 316 austenitic stainless steel specimens were subjected to a preliminary test using this newly developed testing technique. As a result, the SBF test results (S‐N curve) were in good agreement with those of conventional fatigue tests by defining fatigue life as the number of cycles to the sudden drop in oil pressure because of fracture.
Incentive‐compatible contracts in merger negotiations: The role of acquirer idiosyncratic stock return volatility
Authors: Alexakis Dimitris , Barbopoulos Leonidas G. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractWe show that the acquiring firm's idiosyncratic stock return volatility (sigma) is an important determinant of the selection and perceived valuation effects of earnouts in Mergers and Acquisitions (M&As). Earnout‐based M&As are more often announced by high‐sigma acquirers (nearly 40% of all earnout‐based M&As), yet the documented higher risk‐adjusted returns accrued to acquirers in earnout‐based M&As, relative to M&As settled in cash, stock or mixed payments (the earnout effect), appear in deals announced by low‐sigma acquirers (nearly 20% of all earnout‐based M&As). High‐sigma acquirers employing earnouts appear to break even, or even experience losses, relative to their counterparts employing single up‐front payments. These results are confirmed based on a quasi‐experimental design through which the earnout effect is measured in isolation. We argue that in M&As announced by high‐sigma acquirers, the earnout effect is potentially elusive due to the presence of an acquirer‐specific information revelation effect, resulting from the heightened extent of information asymmetry between (small) acquirers’ managers and outside investors. On the contrary, the use of earnouts in M&As announced by low‐sigma (large) acquirers, whereby the acquirer‐specific information revelation effect is likely negligible, sends a strong signal for value creation that also prevents investors from inducing a size‐related discount.
Modeling environmental influence on Atlantic bluefin tuna bycatch by Mexican longliners in the Gulf of Mexico
Authors: Abad‐Uribarren Alberto , Ortega‐García Sofía , March David , Medina Antonio 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAtlantic bluefin tuna (ABFT) stocks have been considered overfished over the last decades, especially the western stock, whose main spawning grounds are in the Gulf of Mexico (GoM). Despite the current measures implemented, spawner bycatch by the longline fleet targeting yellowfin tuna (YFT) may explain the lack of recovery of local stocks. This situation demands the implementation of appropriate spatiotemporal management strategies to minimize bluefin bycatch in the GoM, which involves knowledge in depth of its distribution and environmental forcing. Using catch and effort data from the Mexican commercial longline fleet with 100% scientific observer coverage from 1999 to 2012 and satellite derived environmental data, this study investigated the influence of environmental conditions on catch per unit effort (CPUE) of ABFT and YFT. General additive models (GAMs) were fitted using a negative binomial distribution and applying Akaike information criterion (AIC) to select the best model. Bluefin CPUE exhibited a marked seasonality, reaching higher values in February and March while YFT catches occurred throughout the year. Two main locations were identified with higher ABFT bycatch rates, Campeche Bay and the western‐central area of the GoM. Higher ABFT CPUE was significantly associated with areas with negative sea level anomalies and low sea surface temperatures, characteristic of cyclonic eddies. Instead, YFT CPUE showed a lesser environmental influence in its distribution. To our knowledge, the patterns shown in this study provide the first in‐depth approach to understand ABFT bycatch in Mexican waters, which will help in further development of adequate management strategies.
Global meta‐analysis reveals that invertebrate diversity is higher in permanent than in temporary lentic water bodies
Authors: Anton‐Pardo Maria , Ortega Jean C. G. , Melo Adriano S. , Bini Luis M. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

One of the main constraints affecting invertebrate diversity in many freshwater lentic habitats is the presence of a dry phase which forces aquatic organisms to avoid this period through the migration to other water bodies or the production of resting stages. Field studies show contradictory results when comparing invertebrate diversity in permanent (PW) and temporary lentic waters (TW).

Our objective was to test how diversity is influenced by the permanence of water in lentic habitats, and which factors affect the magnitude and direction of this difference, including sampling design. Through a systematic review, 66 publications were selected and classified according to the sampling design (spatial, temporal, and spatio‐temporal datasets).

Meta‐analysis of the spatial dataset, which included 70% of the studies, revealed that diversity in PW was higher than in TW, and this difference was not influenced by annual precipitation, dispersal mode, habitat type or level of anthropogenic impact (proximity to urban or agricultural areas).

We found a significantly higher effect size (PW greater than TW) when considering species richness rather than cumulative richness or Shannon diversity index, disconnected water bodies (hindering the exchange of individuals through water connection), organisms with passive dispersal (which cannot actively avoid the dry period), and study sites with high anthropogenic impact (where temporary habitats could undergo impacts; e.g. concentration of pollutants and eutrophication).

We also found that the differences in diversity between PW and TW may decrease with increasing sampling effort. This result may be attributable to high species turnover due to the higher temporal environmental variation in TW relative to PW. Also, it indicates that sampling effort should be comparatively higher in TW to properly characterize the biodiversity in these environments in order to compare with PW.

As global climate continues to change, our results suggest that loss in aquatic invertebrate diversity of TW will be likely to occur in regions where the frequency of drying events increases.
Role of type 2 diabetes and hemodialysis in serum adipolin concentrations: A preliminary study
Authors: Alipoor Elham , Salmani Mahnaz , Yaseri Mehdi , Kolahdouz‐Mohammadi Roya , Esteghamati Alireza , Hosseinzadeh‐Attar Mohammad Javad 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIntroductionAdipocytokines play a major role in obesity‐associated disorders like insulin resistance (IR). IR is prevalent in diabetes and advanced kidney failure. Adipolin is an adipocytokine with major beneficial effects on insulin sensitivity. This study aimed to investigate adipolin concentration and its relationship with IR and other cardiovascular risk factors in patients with diabetes and/or hemodialysis.MethodsIn this preliminary study, 24 obese patients with type 2 diabetes (DM) and 30 with hemodialysis (14 with diabetes and hemodialysis (HD/DM) and 16 with hemodialysis (HD/non‐DM)) were studied. Anthropometric indexes, serum concentrations of adipolin, fasting blood glucose (FBG), insulin, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA‐IR), and lipid profile were assessed.FindingsThe results showed higher serum adipolin in DM (29 ± 35 ng/mL) than in HD/DM (13 ± 2 ng/mL, P = 0.01) and HD/Non‐DM (12 ± 1.6 ng/mL, P = 0.01) groups. Insulin level was lower in DM than HD/DM (P < 0.001) and HD/Non‐DM (P < 0.001) groups, and HOMA‐IR was also significantly lower in DM compared to HD/DM group (P < 0.001); while, FBG was significantly higher in DM (P < 0.001) and HD/DM (P = 0.006) compared to HD/Non‐DM patients. Adipolin was inversely associated with insulin level (r = −0.446, P = 0.001) and HOMA‐IR (r = −0.296, P = 0.035). LDL level was higher in DM compared to HD/DM (P = 0.008) and HD/Non‐DM (P = 0.005) groups. Adipolin was directly correlated with cholesterol (r = 0.348, P = 0.01) and LDL (r = 0.428, P = 0.001) concentrations.DiscussionHigher adipolin level in DM group might indicate a compensatory elevation in adipolin production or secretion to modulate IR. It might also be due to medications and inflammation. Further studies are required to investigate the precise role of this adipokine in IR.
Synergistic mode of action of catechin, vanillic and protocatechuic acids to inhibit the adhesion of uropathogenic Escherichia coli on silicone surfaces
Authors: Bernal-Mercado A.T. , Gutierrez-Pacheco M. Melissa , Encinas-Basurto D. , Mata-Haro V. , Lopez-Zavala A.A. , Islas-Osuna M.A. , Gonzalez-Aguilar G.A. , Ayala-Zavala J.F. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Aims
To study the individual and combined contribution of catechin, protocatechuic and vanillic acids to inhibit the adhesion of uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) on the surface of silicone catheters.

Methods and Results
The adhesion of UPEC to silicone catheters during the exposure to nonlethal concentrations of phenolic compounds was measured, as well as changes in motility, presence of fimbriae, extra-cellular polymeric substances, surface charge, hydrophobicity and membrane fluidity. The phenolic combination reduced 26–51% of motility, 1 log CFU per cm2 of adhered bacteria and 20–40% the carbohydrate and protein content in the biofilm matrix. Curli fimbriae, surface charge and cell hydrophobicity were affected to a greater extent by the phenolic combination. In the mixture, vanillic acid was the most effective for reducing bacterial adhesion, extra-polymeric substance production, motility, curli fimbriae and biofilm structure. Notwithstanding, protocatechuic acid caused major changes in the bacterial cell surface properties, whereas catechin affected the cell membrane functionality.

Conclusion
Catechin, protocatechuic and vanillic acids have different bacterial cell targets, explaining the synergistic effect of their combination against uropathogenic E. coli.

Significance and Impact of Study
This study shows the contribution of catechin, protocatechuic and vanillic acids in producing a synergistic mixture against the adhesion of uropathogenic E. coli on silicone catheters. The action of catechin, vanillic and protocatechuic acids included specific contributions of each compound against the E. coli membrane’s integrity, motility, surface properties and production of extracellular polymeric substances. Therefore, the studied mixture of phenolic compounds could be used as an antibiotic alternative to reduce urinary tract infections associated with silicone catheters.
Multicultural coping experiences of parents following perinatal loss: A meta‐ethnographic synthesis
Authors: Fernández‐Basanta Sara , Coronado Carmen , Movilla‐Fernández María‐Jesús 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAimsTo synthesize research findings regarding the coping experiences of parents following perinatal loss.DesignNoblit and Hare's interpretive meta‐ethnography was followed.Data SourcesA comprehensive systematic search of the published literature (2013–2018) was undertaken in five databases, complemented by supplementary searches.Review MethodsFourteen studies met the research objective and inclusion criteria.ResultsFive themes describe the coping strategies used by parents who experience perinatal loss. The themes were synthesized into the metaphor Staying afloat in the storm.ConclusionParents use coping strategies to manage perinatal loss and the use of these strategies is conditioned by cultural, social, and individual factors. This study has implications for evidence‐based practice by showing care needs and the importance of implementing emotional and patient‐centred care interventions.ImpactThis meta‐ethnography highlights the care needs of parents following perinatal loss, facilitating understanding of coping experiences. Increased knowledge about these experiences may contribute to the development and implementation of nursing and midwifery interventions that include emotional and patient‐centred care.
Exosomal microRNA‐16‐5p from human urine‐derived stem cells ameliorates diabetic nephropathy through protection of podocyte
Authors: Duan Yu‐Rui , Chen Bao‐Ping , Chen Fang , Yang Su‐Xia , Zhu Chao‐Yang , Ma Ya‐Li , Li Yang , Shi Jun 
Published: October 2019

AbstractDiabetic nephropathy (DN) remains one of the severe complications associated with diabetes mellitus. It is worthwhile to uncover the underlying mechanisms of clinical benefits of human urine‐derived stem cells (hUSCs) in the treatment of DN. At present, the clinical benefits associated with hUSCs in the treatment of DN remains unclear. Hence, our study aims to investigate protective effect of hUSC exosome along with microRNA‐16‐5p (miR‐16‐5p) on podocytes in DN via vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA). Initially, miR‐16‐5p was predicated to target VEGFA based on data retrieved from several bioinformatics databases. Notably, dual‐luciferase report gene assay provided further verification confirming the prediction. Moreover, our results demonstrated that high glucose (HG) stimulation could inhibit miR‐16‐5p and promote VEGFA in human podocytes (HPDCs). miR‐16‐5p in hUSCs was transferred through the exosome pathway to HG‐treated HPDCs. The viability and apoptosis rate of podocytes after HG treatment together with expression of the related factors were subsequently determined. The results indicated that miR‐16‐5p secreted by hUSCs could improve podocyte injury induced by HG. In addition, VEGA silencing could also ameliorate HG‐induced podocyte injury. Finally, hUSC exosomes containing overexpressed miR‐16‐5p were injected into diabetic rats via tail vein, followed by qualification of miR‐16‐5p and observation on the changes of podocytes, which revealed that overexpressed miR‐16‐5p in hUSCs conferred protective effects on HPDCs in diabetic rats. Taken together, the present study revealed that overexpressed miR‐16‐5p in hUSC exosomes could protect HPDCs induced by HG and suppress VEGFA expression and podocytic apoptosis, providing fresh insights for novel treatment of DN.
Shelf‐life study of spray‐dried groundnut milk powder
Authors: Saha D. , Nanda Saroj K. , Yadav Deep N. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractShelflife study of spray‐dried groundnut milk powder was conducted in metal tin can and aluminum foil package. The observations were recorded at 0th, 1st, 2nd, 4th, 8th, 12th, and 16th week of storage. There was an increasing trend in the values of moisture content (3.69–7.56% w.b. and 3.69–7.08% w.b.), water activity (0.44–0.68 and 0.44–0.64), and free fatty acid (0.48–2.02% and 0.48–1.87%) in aluminum foil package and metal tins can, respectively. Dispersibility of powder varied between 96.10–90.22% and 96.10–91.78% while insolubility index varied between 0.75–3.88 ml and 0.75–3.56 ml in aluminum foil package and metal tin can, respectively. Results indicated that groundnut milk powder can be safely stored in both the packaging materials for 3 months and metal tin can packaging is better than aluminum foil packaging. A significant difference in the values of the above parameters was observed in commercially available milk powder during the same storage period.Practical ApplicationsGroundnut is widely used for oil extraction or consumed as roasted nuts. Considering its wide acceptability and nutritional value, groundnut processing needs more diversification in order to utilize its potential. Groundnut can be used for the preparation of imitation milk for lactose intolerant population of the country. However, groundnut milk has a very limited shelf life (5–7 days under refrigerated condition) and adds to the increased transportation cost of carrying liquid milk from one place to another. The conversion of groundnut milk into powder using spray drying will reduce product perishability as well as storage and transportation costs. Further, the shelf life study of the groundnut milk powder in different packaging material will be useful in determining the safe storage period as well as the type of packaging material to be used for storing the powder considering the quality as well as sensory attributes of the powder during the duration of storage.
Analysis of oral and maxillofacial pathology lesions over an 18‐year period diagnosed at Kuwait University
Authors: Joseph Bobby K. , Ali Mohammad A. , Dashti Hussain , Sundaram Devipriya B. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAimsThe aim of the present study was to determine the range, frequency, prevalence, and distribution of oral lesions submitted for histopathological diagnosis at the oral pathology laboratory at Kuwait University.MethodsA retrospective analysis was conducted of all cases submitted to the oral pathology laboratory over an 18‐year period. Age, sex, histopathological diagnosis, and location of the lesions were recorded. Lesions were classified into 10 diagnostic categories.ResultsOf the 697 biopsies examined, the average age of the patients ranged from 1 to 93 years with a mean age of 37.83 ± 16.62 (mean ± SD). The most common diagnostic category was mucosal pathologies (N = 205, 29.4%), followed by odontogenic cysts (N = 158, 22.7%) and reactive lesions (N = 97, 13.9%). The three most common histopathological diagnoses were hyperkeratosis (N = 70), dentigerous cyst (N = 48), and mucocele (N = 44). Twenty‐five malignant neoplasms were diagnosed, the majority of them in males. A significant association was observed between age and the group of lesions of the oral cavity (P ≤ 0.001).ConclusionsThe present study provides the first set of data from Kuwait that covers a wide range of oral lesions. Mucosal pathologies were the most frequently diagnosed lesions and the majority of diagnoses were benign.
Edward H. Hon, MD (1917–2006): A scientist, inventor, academician and the pioneer for the development of electronic fetal heart rate monitoring
Authors: Modanlou Houchang D. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAimsTo describe the professional life of Edward H. Hon, MD, and the course of his academic career for the development of electronic fetal heart rate (FHR) monitoring.MethodsReview of archives at the Loma Linda University related to Dr Hon's early education and medical school training, his postgraduate training at Yale University, his faculty appointments at Yale University, University of Southern California and his research accomplishment related to electronic FHR monitoring.ResultsPrimarily, Dr Hon advanced the clinical application of the electronic FHR monitoring, particularly during labor and delivery. Dr Hon also defined significance of FHR patterns based on years of clinical studies and astute observations.ConclusionCurrently, electronic FHR monitoring, during pregnancy and labor/delivery, has a universal application. Dr Hon's research contribution on FHR monitoring, and its impact for the welfare of mother and her unborn child, is well recognized.