bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatment modality impact on quality of life for human papillomavirus–associated oropharynx cancer
Authors: Xu Mary Jue , Plonowska Karolina A. , Gurman Zev R. , Humphrey Amanda K. , Ha Patrick K. , Wang Steven J. , El‐Sayed Ivan H. , Heaton Chase M. , George Jonathan R. , Yom Sue S. , Algazi Alain P. , Ryan William R. 
Published: March 2019

Objectives/HypothesisCompare treatment‐related quality of life (QOL) impact for early‐stage human papillomavirus–associated oropharynx squamous cell carcinoma (HPV+ OPSCC) patients.Study DesignRetrospective cohort at a tertiary center.MethodsStage I (T0‐2/N0‐1) HPV+ OPSCC patients (n = 76) with pretreatment Karnofsky scores ≥80 reported QOL after surgery alone (n = 17, 22%), surgery with adjuvant radiation ± chemotherapy (S‐a[C]XRT) (n = 23, 30%), or definitive radiation ± chemotherapy (d[C]XRT) (n = 36, 47%) with the University of Washington QOL version 4 (UW‐QOL); European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire, Core Module (EORTC QLQ‐C30) and Head and Neck Module (EORTC QLQ‐HN35); University of Michigan Xerostomia, and Neck Dissection Impairment Index questionnaires (median follow‐up = 2.2 years, interquartile range = 1.0–4.2 years). Treatment adverse events and gastrostomy tube rates were assessed.ResultsOver 87% of each treatment group reported good or better overall QOL. Each group had low gastrostomy tube and treatment‐specific complication rates. S‐a(C)XRT and d(C)XRT patients had similar mean scores with wide ranges for most individual and all composite categories. S‐a(C)XRT compared to d(C)XRT patients reported significantly fewer dental problems (EORTC QLQ‐C30/HN35 means = 10.1 vs. 34.3, P = .007), worse appearance (UW‐QOL means = 72.8 vs. 82.6, P = .02), and worse coughing (EORTC QLQ‐C30/HN35 means = 31.9 vs. 15.7, P = .007). Surgery alone compared to d(C)XRT and S‐a(C)XRT patients reported significantly better salivary/taste/oral functions and less pain, financial, oral/dental, and sexual problems.ConclusionsFor early‐stage HPV+ OPSCC, patients usually achieve acceptable QOL regardless of treatment. S‐a(C)XRT and d(C)XRT patients report generally similar QOL including neck/shoulder pain/function, but with a wide range in a limited patient sample. Surgery alone should be considered, when oncologically and functionally safe, given the better associated QOL.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 130:E48–E56, 2020
Vegetation responses and trade‐offs with soil‐related ecosystem services after shrub removal: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Daryanto Stefani , Wang Lixin , Fu Bojie , Zhao Wenwu , Wang Shuai 
Published: March 2019

AbstractAimTo assess the sustainability of different shrub control practices (fire, mechanical, and chemical) based on their efficacy to control shrubs and their effects on multiple ecosystem service provisions, including possible trade‐off and/or synergy.MethodsUsing a meta‐analysis approach, this study synthesized results from global shrub removal experiments. Log response ratio (lnR) between the outcome of shrub removal and that of the untreated control was used to estimate proportional changes in soil and vegetation properties resulting from each shrub control practice.ResultsWhen forage provisioning is the only service considered, shrub removal could achieve this desirable outcome as indicated by increasing herbaceous biomass. However, observable decreases in litter, biological crust cover, and soil nutrients, as well as increases in bare soil indicated long‐term potential trade‐offs with other ecosystem services (e.g., erosion control service and nutrient cycling); the degree was influenced by different shrub control methods. Synergistic properties were probably limited to a short‐term boost of herb productivity resulting from short‐term increase in herb biomass and diversity as well as nutrient availability.ConclusionHuman‐induced drivers manifested in shrub control practices changed vegetation response. However, management also changed non‐targeted processes, generating potential reduction in several regulating ecosystem services. Continuous monitoring to assess landscape conditions should therefore become the key for adaptive management. Sustainable forage production should focus on strategies to maintain multiple ecosystem services because consideration of those services can lead to long‐term protection of the landscape and provide a broader range of environmental benefits.
Propionibacterium acnes susceptibility to low‐level 449 nm blue light photobiomodulation
Authors: Boyd Jeffrey M. , Lewis Kelly A. , Mohammed Nisa , Desai Primit , Purdy Mackenzie , Li Wen‐Hwa , Fourre Tara , Miksa Davide , Crane Sharron , Southall Michael , Fassih Ali 
Published: March 2019

Background and ObjectiveRecent advances in low‐level light devices have opened new treatment options for mild to moderate acne patients. Light therapies have been used to treat a variety of skin conditions over the years but were typically only available as treatments provided by professional clinicians. Clinical application of blue light has proven to be effective for a broader spectral range and at lower fluences than previously utilized. Herein, we tested the hypothesis that sub‐milliwatt/cm2 levels of long‐wave blue light (449 nm) effectively kills Propionibacterium acnes, a causative agent of acne vulgaris, in vitro.Materials and MethodsTwo types of LED light boards were designed to facilitate in vitro blue light irradiation to either six‐well plates containing fluid culture or a petri plate containing solid medium. P. acnes. Survival was determined by counting colony forming units (CFU) following irradiation. P. acnes was exposed in the presence and absence of oxygen. Coproporphyrin III (CPIII) photoexcitation was spectrophotometrically evaluated at 415 and 440 nm to compare the relative photochemical activities of these wavelengths.Results422 and 449 nm blue light killed P. acnes in planktonic culture. Irradiation with 449 nm light also effectively killed P. acnes on a solid agar surface. Variation of time or intensity of light exposure resulted in a fluence‐dependent improvement of antimicrobial activity. The presence of oxygen was necessary for killing of P. acnes with 449 nm light. CPIII displayed clear photoexcitation at both 415 and 440 nm, indicating that both wavelengths are capable of initiating CPIII photoexcitation at low incident light intensities (50 uW/cm2).ConclusionHerein we demonstrate that sub‐milliwatt/cm2 levels of long‐wave blue light (449 nm) effectively kill P. acnes. The methods and results presented allow for deeper exploration and design of light therapy treatments. Results from these studies are expanding our understanding of the mode of action and functionality of blue light, allowing for improved options for acne patients. Lasers Surg. Med. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Sulfate‐reducing bacteria‐assisted hydrogen‐induced stress cracking of 2205 duplex stainless steels
Authors: Łabanowski Jerzy , Rzychoń Tomasz , Simka Wojciech , Michalska Joanna 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe paper presents the results of a laboratory investigation of the microbiologically assisted hydrogen‐induced stress cracking (HISC) of 2,205 duplex stainless steel (DSS). The testing of susceptibility toward HISC was performed with two different methods. Precharged in sulfate‐reducing bacteria (SRB), inoculated medium samples were subjected to slow strain‐rate testing in artificial seawater. In situ constant load tests were performed directly in SRB‐inoculated medium under hydrogen charging at 70% of the ultimate tensile strength. Samples tested in the biotic (SRB) conditions showed a considerable loss of ductility as compared to those tested in sterile conditions. Quantitative characteristics of fracture surfaces indicated increased susceptibility to HISC of biotic samples, therefore, suggesting a role of SRB in promoting hydrogen damage of DSS.
Current therapies and therapeutic decision making for childhood‐onset movement disorders
Authors: Mohammad Shekeeb S. , Paget Simon P. , Dale Russell C. 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACTMovement disorders differ in children to adults. First, neurodevelopmental movement disorders such as tics and stereotypies are more prevalent than parkinsonism, and second, there is a genomic revolution which is now explaining many early‐onset dystonic syndromes. We outline an approach to children with movement disorders starting with defining the movement phenomenology, determining the level of functional impairment due to abnormal movements, and screening for comorbid psychiatric conditions and cognitive impairments which often contribute more to disability than the movements themselves. The rapid improvement in our understanding of the etiology of movement disorders has resulted in an increasing focus on precision medicine, targeting treatable conditions and defining modifiable disease processes. We profile some of the key disease‐modifying therapies in metabolic, neurotransmitter, inflammatory, and autoimmune conditions and the increasing focus on gene or cellular therapies. When no disease‐modifying therapies are possible, symptomatic therapies are often all that is available. These classically target dopaminergic, cholinergic, alpha‐adrenergic, or GABAergic neurochemistry. Increasing interest in neuromodulation has highlighted that some clinical syndromes respond better to DBS, and further highlights the importance of “disease‐specific” therapies with a future focus on individualized therapies according to the genomic findings or disease pathways that are disrupted. We summarize some pragmatic applications of symptomatic therapies, neuromodulation techniques, and some rehabilitative interventions and provide a contemporary overview of treatment in childhood‐onset movement disorders. © 2019 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
The Presence of Pulses within a Meal can Alter Fat‐Soluble Vitamin Bioavailability
Authors: Margier Marielle , Antoine Tiffany , Siriaco Aurélie , Nowicki Marion , Halimi Charlotte , Maillot Matthieu , Georgé Stéphane , Reboul Emmanuelle 
Published: March 2019

ScopeIt is widely advised to increase pulse consumption. However, pulses are rich in molecules displaying lipid‐lowering properties, including fibers, phytates, saponins, and tannins. The effects of pulses on fat‐soluble vitamin bioavailability were thus explored.MethodsVitamin A (β‐carotene and retinyl palmitate), vitamin E (α‐tocopherol), vitamin D (cholecalciferol), and vitamin K (phylloquinone) bioaccessibility was evaluated by assessing micellarization after in vitro digestion of meals containing either potatoes (control), household‐cooked, or canned pulses. The obtained mixed micelles were delivered to Caco‐2 cells to evaluate vitamin uptake. The impact of fibers, phytates, saponins, and tannins on both phylloquinone (used as a model vitamin) bioaccessibility and uptake were then specifically assessed.ResultsThe presence of pulses significantly decreased both vitamin bioaccessibility (up to −65% for β‐carotene, −69% for retinyl‐palmitate, −45% for cholecalciferol, −53% for α‐tocopherol and −67% for phylloquinone) and uptake (−40% for retinyl‐palmitate, −67% for cholecalciferol, −50% for α‐tocopherol and −57% for phylloquinone). Effects on bioaccessibility, but not on uptake, are dependent on pulse cooking method. Phylloquinone bioaccessibility is specifically impacted by saponins, tannins, and fibers while its uptake is impacted by saponins, fibers, and phytates.ConclusionPulses can alter fat‐soluble micronutrient bioavailability. Pulses should thus be cooked appropriately and consumed within micronutrient‐rich meals.
Technical Note: Identification of an optimal electromagnetic sensor for in vivo electromagnetic‐tracked scintillation dosimeter for HDR brachytherapy
Authors: Tho Daline , Beaulieu Luc 
Published: March 2019

PurposeBrachytherapy is a treatment modality which delivers large doses of radiation in a reduced number of visits. Since a small number of large dose‐per‐fraction is administered in high dose rate brachytherapy, ensuring the right dose is delivered is highly critical. In this work, a scintillation detector is coupled to an electromagnetic (EM) sensor (NDI, Waterloo, ON, Canada) having submillimeter positional accuracy for real‐time tracking of the dosimeter position. However, adding an EM sensor adds materials in the path to the scintillator and thus could potentially perturb the dose measurements. This study assesses four different sensors for a plastic scintillation detector–EM sensor coupled dosimeter.MethodsTo confirm the perturbation presence, different sensors were placed in front of the scintillator so the radiation does not arrive to it directly. Variation of the distance between the sensor and the scintillator was used to quantify the effect on the signal at and . To test the signal's angular dependence for each sensor, the signal measurement was taken from to with increment.ResultsThe Aurora 5DOF‐610090 sensor showed an increased signal of almost 20% with increasing beam angle. Sensors Aurora 5DOF‐610099, Aurora 5DOF‐610157, and Aurora Micro 6DOF‐610059 showed no significant angle dependance. The Aurora Micro 6DOF‐610059 and Aurora 5DOF‐610157 sensors' cable signal revealed no extra signal attenuation. The latter gives a smaller overall attenuation. Therefore, the Aurora 5DOF‐610157 sensor is chosen to be part of the novel dosimeter construction. It has a jitter error (average standard deviation of each individual measurement) of ±0.06 mm and a reproducibility of ±0.008 mm. In the optimal operating range, the average positional uncertainty is less than 0.2 mm. Average angle errors are not higher than .ConclusionIt is feasible to integrate an EM tracking sensor to a plastic scintillation dosimeter with minimal impact to the collected signal as well as sufficient positional accuracy to keep dose uncertainty below 5%.
Localized rest and stress human cardiac creatine kinase reaction kinetics at 3 T
Authors: Clarke William T. , Peterzan Mark A. , Rayner Jennifer J. , Sayeed Rana A. , Petrou Mario , Krasopoulos George , Lake Hannah A. , Raman Betty , Watson William D. , Cox Pete , Hundertmark Moritz J. , Apps Andrew P. , Lygate Craig A. , Neubauer Stefan , Rider Oliver J. , Rodgers Christopher T. 
Published: March 2019

Changes in the kinetics of the creatine kinase (CK) shuttle are sensitive markers of cardiac energetics but are typically measured at rest and in the prone position. This study aims to measure CK kinetics during pharmacological stress at 3 T, with measurement in the supine position. A shorter “stressed saturation transfer” (StreST) extension to the triple repetition time saturation transfer (TRiST) method is proposed. We assess scanning in a supine position and validate the MR measurement against biopsy assay of CK activity. We report normal ranges of stress CK forward rate (kfCK) for healthy volunteers and obese patients.TRiST measures kfCK in 40 min at 3 T. StreST extends the previously developed TRiST to also make a further kfCK measurement during <20 min of dobutamine stress. We test our TRiST implementation in skeletal muscle and myocardium in both prone and supine positions. We evaluate StreST in the myocardium of six healthy volunteers and 34 obese subjects. We validated MR‐measured kfCK against biopsy assays of CK activity.TRiST kfCK values matched literature values in skeletal muscle (kfCK = 0.25 ± 0.03 s−1 vs 0.27 ± 0.03 s−1) and myocardium when measured in the prone position (0.32 ± 0.15 s−1), but a significant difference was found for TRiST kfCK measured supine (0.24 ± 0.12 s−1). This difference was because of different respiratory‐ and cardiac‐motion‐induced B0 changes in the two positions. Using supine TRiST, cardiac kfCK values for normal‐weight subjects were 0.15 ± 0.09 s−1 at rest and 0.17 ± 0.15 s−1 during stress. For obese subjects, kfCK was 0.16 ± 0.07 s−1 at rest and 0.17 ± 0.10 s−1 during stress. Rest myocardial kfCK and CK activity from LV biopsies of the same subjects correlated (R = 0.43, p = 0.03).We present an independent implementation of TRiST on the Siemens platform using a commercially available coil. Our extended StreST protocol enables cardiac kfCK to be measured during dobutamine‐induced stress in the supine position.
Barriers to patient and family‐centred care in adult intensive care units: A systematic review
Authors: Kiwanuka Frank , Shayan Shah Jahan , Tolulope Agbele Alaba 
Published: March 2019

AbstractAimDespite remarkable theoretical evidence of positive outcomes of patient and family‐centred care, it is rarely performed in the intensive care setting. The aim of this review was to assess the barriers to patient and family‐centred care among healthcare providers, patients and family members in adult intensive care units.DesignA systematic review of both qualitative and quantitative studies.MethodsThe search strategy sought for published peer‐reviewed research papers limited to English language from conception to 2018. The review protocol was registered in the CRD Prospero database (CRD42018086838). Literature search was carried out in four databases: EMBASE, Cochrane Library, PubMed and Scopus where keywords “barriers,” “patient and family centered care,” “patient‐centered care” and “intensive care unit” appeared in any part of the reference. Hand search of reference lists of identified papers was also done to capture all pertinent materials. Each study was assessed by three independent reviewers against the inclusion criteria. Evidence was graded according to sampling quality, quantity and measurement of intended outcomes. Screening of studies and citations resulted in seven studies that were included in the analysis.ResultsBarriers to patient and family‐centred care broadly fall under four categories; lack of understanding of what is needed to achieve patient and family‐centred care, organizational barriers, individual barriers and interdisciplinary barriers.
Novel Synthesis of Cu‐Schiff Base Complex@Metal‐Organic Framework MIL‐101 via a Mild Method: A Comparative Study for Rapid Catalytic Effects
Authors: Wu Yun , Wang Wei , Liu Lingli , Zhu Sane , Wang Xiaochen , Hu Enzhu , Hu Kunhong 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe use of metal complex immobilized/decorated porous materials as catalysts has found various applications. As such, finding a new and mild method for synthesis of metal complex immobilized over porous material is of great interest. Immobilized porous materials for styrene oxidation were reported in this work. Immobilized porous material of Cu‐Schiff base complex @MIL‐101 were described, in which immobilized Cu‐Schiff base complex within super cage of a metal‐organic framework (MOF)‐based porous material, chromium (III) terephthalate MIL‐101. They were systematically characterized by using elemental analysis, powder X‐ray diffraction, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, N2 absorption‐desorption, and so on, also used as catalyst for the selective oxidation of styrene to benzaldehyde. Comparatively, the immobilized heterogeneous catalyst of Cu‐Schiff base complex@MIL‐101 acted as an efficient heterostructure catalyst in the oxidation of styrene to benzaldehyde up to six cycles, and showed superior activity for styrene oxidation over MIL‐101.
Efficient bioactive oligonucleotide‐protein conjugation for cell‐targeted cancer therapy
Authors: Aviñó Anna , Unzueta Ugutz , Virtudes Céspedes María , Casanova Isolda , Vázquez Esther , Villaverde Antonio , Mangues Ramon , Eritja Ramon 
Published: March 2019

AbstractOligonucleotide‐protein conjugates have important applications in biomedicine. Simple and efficient methods are described for the preparation of these conjugates. Specifically, we describe a new method in which a bifunctional linker is attached to thiol‐oligonucleotide to generate a reactive intermediate that is used to link to the protein. Having similar conjugation efficacy compared with the classical method in which the bifunctional linker is attached first to the protein, this new approach produces significantly more active conjugates with higher batch to batch reproducibility. In a second approach, direct conjugation is proposed using oligonucleotides carrying carboxyl groups. These methodologies have been applied to prepare nanoconjugates of an engineered nanoparticle protein carrying a T22 peptide with affinity for the CXCR4 chemokine receptor and oligomers of the antiproliferative nucleotide 2’‐deoxy‐5‐fluorouridine in a very efficient way. The protocols have potential uses for the functionalization of proteins, amino‐containing polymers or amino‐lipids in order to produce complex therapeutic nucleic acid delivery systems.
Chorionic bump at 11 to 13 weeks' gestation: Prevalence and clinical significance
Authors: Sepulveda Waldo 
Published: March 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo gather additional data on pregnancy outcome when a chorionic bump is detected at the time of the 11‐ to 13‐week scan.MethodsThe presence of a chorionic bump was prospectively recorded in a database of women presenting for their first‐trimester sonographic screening. Clinically relevant information was obtained by reviewing ultrasound reports and medical records or contacting the referring obstetrician or the parents themselves.ResultsDuring a 4.5‐year study period from June 2014 to December 2018, a chorionic bump was identified in 23 out of 3375 pregnancies, for a prevalence of 1/147 or 0.7%. All women were asymptomatic at the time of evaluation. The chorionic bump was single in 21 (91%) cases, located in the central part of the placenta in 17 (74%) cases, and the median largest diameter was 20 mm (range, 10‐43). Although the placenta was low‐lying in 14 (61%) cases, all but one patient had a normally located placenta at the midtrimester anatomy scan. With the exception of one pregnancy complicated with trisomy 21, the outcome was universally good.ConclusionOur experience suggests that a chorionic bump detected during the 11‐ to 13‐week scan is usually a transient, is incidental finding, and probably has no clinical significance.
Heterogeneity in the treatment of bloodstream infections identified from antibiotic exposure mapping
Authors: Caffrey Aisling R. , Babcock Zachary R. , Lopes Vrishali V. , Timbrook Tristan T. , LaPlante Kerry L. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractPurposeAs changes in antibiotic therapy are common, intent‐to‐treat and definitive therapy exposure definitions in infectious disease clinical trials and observational studies may not accurately reflect all antibiotics received over the course of the infection. Therefore, we sought to describe changes in antibiotic therapy and unique treatment patterns among patients with bacteremia.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study of hospitalizations from Veterans Affairs (VA) Medical Centers (January 2002‐September 2015) and community hospitals (de‐identified Optum Clinformatics DataMart with matched Premier Hospital data; October 2009‐March 2013). In the VA population, antibiotic exposures were mapped from the culture collection date among those with positive Staphylococcus aureus cultures. In the Optum‐Premier population, exposures were mapped from the admission date among those with a primary diagnosis of bacteremia.ResultsOur study included 50 467 bacteremia admissions, with only 14% of admissions having the same treatment pattern as another admission. For every 100 bacteremia admissions, 89 had changes in antibiotic therapy. For every 100 bacteremia admissions with changes in therapy, 95 had unique antibiotic treatment patterns. These findings were consistent in both populations, over time, and among different facilities within study populations. The median time to first therapy change was 2 days after initial therapy, with a median of three changes.ConclusionsChanges in antibiotic therapy for bloodstream infections were nearly universal regardless of hospital setting. Based on our findings, common antibiotic exposure definitions of intent‐to‐treat and definitive therapy would misclassify exposure in 86% of admissions, which highlights the need for better operational definitions of exposure in infectious diseases research.