bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Revitalizing Muscle Regeneration: Cocoa Polyphenols Shield Mitochondrial Integrity and Boost Myogenesis Under Oxidative Stress
Authors: Garcia‐Merino Jose Angel , Carrabs Vittoria , Ferrini Fabio , Salucci Sara , Battistelli Michela , Burattini Sabrina , Luchetti Francesca , Nasoni Maria Gemma , Annibalini Giosuè , Micucci Matteo , Gianfanti Federico , Sestili Piero , Larrosa Mar , Barbieri Elena 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTIn this study, we describe the effect of cocoa polyphenol extract (CPE, from flavanols‐rich cocoa) on myogenic differentiation in murine myoblasts (C2C12 cells) exposed to H2O2. The myogenic program was monitored using morphological, ultrastructural, and molecular approaches. Treatment with 100 μM of H2O2 for 1 h decreased cell viability. C2C12 (D1) exposed to H2O2 shows more apoptotic and necrotic cells, and mitochondria appear emptied, with cristae heavily damaged. To evaluate the effect of CPE on myoblast viability and myotube formation, 10 μg/mL of CPE were added 24 h prior to H2O2 treatment and cells were supplemented with fresh CPE every 24 h during differentiation. Supplementation with CPE protected C2C12 myoblasts from H2O2‐induced oxidative damage both at early (D1) and late (D6) phases of differentiation, preventing cell death and mitochondrial damage. The number of mitochondria (per area of cell surface) increased 2‐fold in both control and in CPE‐supplemented and mitochondria in myotubes D6 showed a greater extension of mitochondrial cristae than mitochondria in D1. At D1 and D6 the monolayers showed surface and inner cell features relatively comparable to the untreated control suggesting that CPE supplementation significantly mitigated the effect of H2O2. Preliminary data obtained by the myogenic index (Giemsa staining) suggested that CPE‐supplemented cells were partially protected from H2O2‐induced myogenesis inhibition. The CPE supplementation seems to preserve the mitochondrial integrity and the myogenic differentiation ability of oxidatively injured C2C12 ensuing further nutraceutical perspectives.
Actual and Potential Trend Analysis Under Climate Change Using Risk Sen's Slope (RSS) in Western Black Sea Basin in Türkiye
Authors: Keskin Muhammed Zakir , Abu Arra Ahmad , Akca Seyma , Şişman Eyüp 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTSeveral classical and innovative trend methods exist in the literature to identify and evaluate the effects of climate change on hydro‐meteorological variables. Among the classical methods, the most commonly used ones are modified Mann–Kendall (MMK) and Sen's slope (SS). As for the innovative methods to identify potential trends (probable risk levels) in hydro‐meteorological variables depending on changing the initial conditions and temporal dynamic development behaviour of the trends, the risk Sen's slope (RSS) method was proposed based on different risk values. The actual trends are proposed in this research to comprehensively understand and analyse the climate change trend over the entire period. It uses RSS and the classical trends MMK and SS. Also, the spatiotemporal classical, actual and potential trends in meteorological variables are evaluated. Additionally, the advantages of the RSS method compared with classical SS are discussed in detail. The Western Black Sea basin in Türkiye, with monthly total precipitation and monthly average temperature data from 1961 to 2023, is selected as a representative application. The temperature trend results show that the 0.99 risk level gave approximately 25% higher slope than SS. The maximum temperature‐increasing trend within the study area and the time period at 0.99 risk level is 2.10°C. However, the differences between precipitation trend slopes obtained by SS and RSS for different risk levels are relatively low. Furthermore, using different slopes corresponding to several risk levels allows for more proactive and effective measures for sustainable agricultural activities and water management. The actual temperature trend within the basin ranges between 1.33°C and 2.09°C, and the actual precipitation trend ranges between 2.78 and 12.74 mm over the study period.
Mapping biosynthesis pathway of natural folate during Lactiplantibacillus plantarum subsp. plantarum fermentation in purple cabbage by transcriptomic analysis
Authors: Tan Mei , Yan Xu , Ramaswamy Hosahalli , Wang Chao 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDFolate is an important one‐carbon cycle donor involved in the synthesis of purines, thymine, pantothenic acid, serine and glycine. The present study aimed to explore the capacity of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum subsp. plantarum (L. plantarum subsp. plantarum) to synthesize folate in fermenting MRS and purple cabbage juice (PCJ). The mechanism underlying folate biosynthesis was investigated by transcriptomics. We aimed to find important genes and transcription factors involved in folate production by analyzing gene expression during L. plantarum subsp. plantarum fermentation.RESULTSThe results showed a 44% increase in total folate content in the PCJ medium, with 5‐methyltetrahydrofolate (5‐MTHF) contributing to a substantial 28% of this increase, whereas no folate was detected during MRS fermentation. The mechanism of folate production during the fermentation involved the coordinated regulation of multiple genes. The expression of some key genes (aroC, pabA, folE, folA and MTHFR) was upregulated during fermentation, and the expression of MTHFR, a gene related to 5‐MTHF synthesis, was increased by 8.4 times. These genes play roles in different steps of the folate synthesis pathway, including substrate synthesis, metabolic regulation and catalytic reactions.CONCLUSIONOur results revealed the expression of all genes involved in the biosynthesis of 5‐MTHF during L. plantarum subsp. plantarum fermentation, indicating the integrity of its biosynthetic pathway. The findings provide a scientific basis for folate production by optimizing fermentation conditions, further helping research on folate synthesis in other fermented foods. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
The influence of synergistic antibacterial saponins, sapindoside A and B, on the fatty acid composition and membrane properties of Micrococcus luteus
Authors: Wei Minping , Chen Qingmin , Zhou Yanwei , Tie Huaimao 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundSaponins from Sapindus mukorossi Gaertn. are natural surfactants with excellent foaming ability, biodegradability, and safety. However, their applications in food have been rarely reported. The aim of this work was therefore to investigate the synergistic antibacterial roles of a combination of sapindoside A and B (SAB), which are major components of Sapindus saponins, in altering the properties and fatty acids (FAs) in the membrane of Micrococcus luteus, which has been identified as an opportunistic pathogen.ResultsMicroscopy showed that SAB destroyed the integrity of the cell membrane and internal structures and led to the leakage of the cell content. Further analysis indicated that the ratio of saturated FAs to unsaturated FAs was increased significantly, and the membrane fluidity, permeability, and integrity changed substantially. Although sapindoside A and B exerted similar synergistic effects on fatty acid composition and membrane fluidity, sapindoside A had a greater impact on membrane permeability and integrity, consistent with density functional theory.ConclusionThe activity of M. luteus was inhibited more effectively by SAB than sapindoside A or B alone. It attacked cell membrane FAs, resulting in changing membrane fluidity, permeability, and integrity, eventually causing leakage of the cell contents, and ultimately cell death. This helped to provide evidence for the use of SAB as a natural antibacterial detergent additive in the food industry. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Two‐Dimensional Spiral: A Promising Moiré Superlattice
Authors: Wang Qian , Wang Xinchao , Lou Qianwen , Jiang Ying , Fan Xiaopeng 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMoiré superlattices based on 2D layered materials have become an excellent platform for exploring new physics and developing novel optoelectronic devices. Recently, the 2D spirals have been proved to be a new kind of moiré superlattices. Unlike previous moiré superlattices usually assembled by directly stacking monolayers or multilayers, 2D spiral moiré superlattices (SMS) are realized in a scalable and direct way through chemical synthesis. All three spatial dimensions and interlayer rotation of SMS can be precisely designed and controlled by combining the screw‐dislocations‐driven (SDD) growth mechanisms using flat or conical surfaces. Meanwhile, the spiral is a continuously single‐layer rotating stacking structure, which provides a channel for developing novel correlated quantum electronic devices. In this review, it focuses on recent progress on SMS materials, including the material synthesis mechanism and the unique properties of these spirals in the optical, optoelectronic, thermal, mechanical as well as catalytic fields. Finally, the challenges and future perspectives of this emerging field are briefly discussed.
Nonconventional Luminescent Polymers: Emission Regulation and Applications
Authors: Chen Xiang , Sun Yining , Yuan Wang Zhang 
Published: November 2024

AbstractNonconventional luminescent polymers have gained significant interest due to their outstanding water solubility, biocompatibility, solution‐processability, and scalability. Unlike traditional aromatic luminogens with extended π‐conjugation, their distinctive photophysical properties arise from a mechanism known as clustering‐triggered emission (CTE). CTE involves the clustering of electron‐rich subunits, leading to enhanced electron delocalization and conformational rigidification, ultimately boosting photoluminescence (PL). Despite substantial advancements, challenges remain in optimizing the emission efficiency and PL tunability of these polymers. This review delves into the CTE mechanism, examining recent advances in regulating the photophysical properties of nonconventional luminescent polymers. The aim is to uncover universal principles and underlying mechanisms across diverse systems, providing a theoretical foundation for further development and potential applications of these materials in fields such as bioimaging, sensing, and optoelectronics.
Entropy numbers and box dimension of polynomials and holomorphic functions
Authors: Carando Daniel , D'Andrea Carlos , Torres Leodan A. , Turco Pablo 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWe study entropy numbers and box dimension of (the image of) homogeneous polynomials and holomorphic functions between Banach spaces. First, we see that entropy numbers and box dimensions of subsets of Banach spaces are related. We show that the box dimension of the image of a ball under a homogeneous polynomial is finite if and only if it spans a finite‐dimensional subspace, but this is not true for holomorphic functions. Furthermore, we relate the entropy numbers of a holomorphic function to those of the polynomials of its Taylor series expansion. As a consequence, if the box dimension of the image of a ball by a holomorphic function is finite, then the entropy numbers of the polynomials in the Taylor series expansion of at any point of the ball belong to for every .
Auxetic Closed Cell Nylon Foams Produced by Vacuum and Mechanical Compression (VMC)
Authors: Chen Xiao Yuan , Rodrigue Denis 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis research presents a method to convert a conventional Nylon closed cell foam, with a density of 48 kg m−3, into auxetic metamaterials with densities ranging between 68 and 138 kg m−3. The samples are produced by applying vacuum and mechanical compression techniques. The study reports on the effect of processing parameters such as vacuum time, temperature, and mechanical pressure. Under optimized conditions, the resulting auxetic foams exhibit a tensile Poisson's ratio as low as −0.86, while the minimum compressive Poisson's ratio for the same sample reached −0.16. Based on morphological analyses via scanning electron microscopy (SEM), structural changes induced by the treatment are determined to relate with tensile and compressive properties, including modulus and strength, as well as the analysis of the stress level for different strains. The characterizations also include differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) for the Nylon foam before and after conversion. These findings underscore the potential applications of these auxetic foams in sports and military protective gears, as well as energy dissipation systems.
Effect of polyphenylene sulfide content on the properties of injection molding bonded NdFeB magnets
Authors: Yang Y. , Sun Y. , Zhou J. , Su L. , Jia M. , Huang F. , Fang X. , Liu J. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe effect of polyphenylene sulfide binder content on the properties of injection molding polyphenylene sulfide/NdFeB magnets were investigated. The maximum filling amount of NdFeB magnetic powder was 87.6 wt.‐%, and the mixing process and subsequent injection molding of the polyphenylene sulfide/NdFeB were in good condition. The melt mass‐flow rate of the polyphenylene sulfide/NdFeB granular materials reached 121.7 g/10 min, the compressive strength of the polyphenylene sulfide/NdFeB magnet was 92.18 MPa, and its maximum magnetic energy product reached 5.59 MGOe. The structure and morphology characteristics of polyphenylene sulfide/NdFeB magnets were investigated using scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. The corrosion behavior of polyphenylene sulfide/NdFeB magnets was also studied using potentiodynamic polarization curves and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The results indicated that the injection molding process facilitated the uniform coating of polyphenylene sulfide particles on NdFeB powder, which directly enhanced the corrosion resistance of polyphenylene sulfide/NdFeB magnets. With an increase in polyphenylene sulfide content, the surface of polyphenylene sulfide/NdFeB magnets became more uniform. The corrosion current density of 13 wt.‐% polyphenylene sulfide/NdFeB magnet was approximately one order of magnitude lower than that of 9 wt.‐% polyphenylene sulfide/NdFeB magnet, indicating an improved corrosion resistance of polyphenylene sulfide/NdFeB magnet.
Effect of titanium oxide nano‐filler on mechanical and sliding wear properties of hairy cotton grass fibre reinforced epoxy composites
Authors: Chauhan M. , Kumar S. , Gupta M. K. , Patel V. K. , Rajput N. S. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis study explores the synergistic influence of hybridizing titanium oxide (TiO2) filler on the mechanical properties and sliding wear behavior of epoxy composites reinforced with hairy cotton grass (HCG) fibres. The experimental results reveals that the combination with 9 wt‐% HCG/4 wt‐% titanium oxide observed better mechanical results (tensile‐51.03 MPa, flexural‐28.66 MPa, and impact energy‐3.1 J) whereas higher hardness (40.77 HV) achieved at 9 wt‐% hairy cotton grass/6 wt‐% titanium oxide composites. There is deterioration in mechanical results at higher titanium oxide (6 wt‐%) loading due to uneven distribution and particle agglomeration in hairy cotton grass‐epoxy composites. The design of expert was generated by using control parameters, sliding velocity (1 m ⋅ s−1–4 m ⋅ s−1), TiO2 content (0 wt‐%–6 wt‐%), and normal load (15 N–30 N) respectively. The optimization of the sliding wear rate was analysed by the Taguchi approach followed by an analysis of variance used for evaluating the significant of control parameters. The results showed a combination with significance sliding velocity of 1 ms−1 (78.15 %)>titanium oxide content of 6 wt‐% (20.28 %) >normal load of 30 N (1.57 %) exhibited an optimum value of specific wear rate.
Spectrum Allocation in 5G and Beyond Intelligent Ubiquitous Networks
Authors: Ravi Banoth , Verma Utkarsh 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTEffective spectrum allocation in 5G and beyond intelligent ubiquitous networks is vital for predicting future frequency band needs and ensuring optimal network performance. As wireless communication evolves from 4G to 5G and beyond, it has brought about remarkable advancements in speed and connectivity. However, with the growing demand for higher data rates and increased network capacity, new challenges in managing and utilizing network frequencies have emerged. Accurately forecasting spectrum requirements is critical to addressing these challenges. This research explores how machine learning (ML) plays a pivotal role in optimizing network performance through intelligent decision‐making, predictive analysis, and adaptive management of network resources. By leveraging ML algorithms, networks can autonomously self‐optimize in real time, adjusting to changing conditions and improving performance in 5G and beyond. The effectiveness of our approach was demonstrated through an extensive case study, which showed that it not only meets spectrum requirements in various environments but also significantly reduces energy consumption by pinpointing the appropriate spectrum range for each location. These results underscore the approach's potential for enhancing spectrum management in future networks, offering a scalable and efficient solution to the challenges facing 5G and beyond.
Parents' Postnatal Sense of Security: A Concept Analysis
Authors: Zeng Tieying , Jiang Lingjun , Huang Deqing , Wu Meiliyang , Tu Aiqing 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTAimParents' postnatal sense of security is often mentioned in recent publications, but there is no consensus on its definitions and measurement. A concept analysis was conducted to clarify the definition, the attributes, antecedents and the consequences of parents' postnatal sense of security and to promote consistency in its usage.DesignWalker and Avant's eight‐step concept analysis model was adopted to define the concept of parents' postnatal sense of security.MethodsA comprehensive search of multiple databases (Sinomed, CNKI, Wanfang database, CINAHL, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, ProQuest, PsyInfo and Cochrane Library) was conducted to identify relevant articles from the inception of the databases until December 2022. In addition, a manual search was performed to gather any additional papers related to the topic. Ultimately, a total of 48 articles were included in the concept analysis.ResultsThree attributes were identified: perceive one's physical well‐being not being threatened, feel confident and in control of the parenting role, feel confident in one's available relationships. The identified antecedents were: being prepared for child rearing, being in familiar or safe environment, general well‐being of the baby and parents, support from medical staff and family members, being empowered by medical staff. Consequences of parents' postnatal sense of security included successful adaptation to the parental role, decreased postpartum depression symptoms in mothers, successful infant care and the development of parent‐infant relationship.
An Optimal Control Problem for HTLV‐I Infection Model
Authors: Khajanchi Subhas , Bera Sovan , Kar Tapan Kumar 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTIn this study, we proposed and analyzed a mathematical model for HTLV‐I infection by considering four populations: healthy CD4+T cells, latently infected CD4+T cells, actively infected CD4+T cells, and HTLV‐I‐specific CD8+T cells. The dynamical behavior of the system is examined both analytically and numerically from the stability and optimal control theory viewpoint. Our model exhibits two biologically feasible equilibrium points, namely, infection‐free and endemic equilibrium points. We explicitly incorporated two control techniques for HTLV‐I infection into the study by considering the corresponding control cost. In the nonconstant control case, we employ Pontryagin's Maximum Principle to determine the necessary conditions for an optimal control strategy of the HTLV‐I infection. It is established and guaranteed that optimal control paths exist for the problem. The uniqueness of our problem's optimal control is also investigated. We used numerical analysis to demonstrate the theoretical analysis and characterize the influence of parameter values on optimal strategy. Our numerical illustrations show that combining two controls are more effective than using a single control.
Chemical compatibilization of natural Yucca filifera (Asparagaceae) fibers and their effects on the thermal, morphological, and mechanical properties of different molecular weight polypropylene composites
Authors: Medellín‐Rodriguez Francisco Javier , Gudiño‐Rivera Javier , Salinas‐Hernández Myrna , Rodríguez‐Velázquez Jesús Gilberto 
Published: November 2024

AbstractDelignified Yucca filifera fibers (DYFFs) were made compatible with the saturated fatty acids caproic (FA6), lauric (FA12), and stearic (FA18). This last acted as the most efficient compatibilizer. The optimum fiber/compatibilizer ratio was 1:1 in hexane solution at 80°C. Sulfuric acid (H2SO4) was an effective catalyst for the chemical reaction, although it produced oxidized fibers. Therefore, it was appropriate not to catalyze the reaction. Compatibilized FA18‐DYFF had a crystallinity index of 65.1% and a crystal size of 26.6 Å. The polypropylene (PP) matrices were low molecular weight fiber grade (PP35) and high molecular weight injection molding grade (PP11), with fiber saturation limits of 30 and 10 wt%. The electron microscopy micrographs of the compatibilized PP35‐FA18DYFF and PP11‐FA18DYFF composites indicated fiber incorporation and close polymer‐fiber interactions. The thermogravimetric measurements demonstrated a thermal stability of 250°C and 260°C. The viscosity and shear stress measurements as a function of the shear rate were relatively similar in the PP11 composites. However, they exhibited a sharp transition at the shear rate of 200 s−1 in those of PP35. The corresponding mechanical properties depended on the PP molecular weight and fiber concentration, exhibiting increases in flexural strength, flexural modulus, Shore hardness, and Izod impact. The compatible stable composites can find applications ranging from automotive interiors to packaging.Highlight
Chemically compatible fibers of Yucca filifera are reinforcers of polypropylene.
Yucca Filifera fibers are compatible with polypropylene through fatty acids.
The compatibilization reactions preserve the natural color of the fibers.
The saturation of polypropylene matrices depends on their molecular weight.
The resultant composites show good thermal stability.