bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The The effect of different solutions and thermocycling on the vickers hardness of acrylic resin denture teeth
Authors: Özdemir Hatice , Yeşil Duymuş Zeynep 
Published: January 2019

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of artificial saliva, disinfectant solution, distile water and thermocycling on Vickers hardness of 4 commercial brands of acrylic resin denture teeth.
Methodology: Four different brands of acrylic resin denture teeth (Major Dent, Acry Lux, Acry Rock, Imident Lux) were evaluated. 15 anterior and 15 posterior teeth of each group embedded in autopolymerized acrylic resin. The occlusal surfaces of posterior teeth and the vestibule surfaces of anterior teeth were flattened by using silicone carbid paper. After polishing, microhardness measurements were repeated three times for each teeth. The teeth were submitted to different conditions: (1) storage in distilled water at 37±2°C for 7 days; (2) storage in artificial saliva at 37±2°C for 30 days and (3) storage in 1 % sodium hypochlorite. After, thermal cycling between 5 and 55 °C for 2500 cycles was made. The microhardness measurements were repeated. Data were analyzed with one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Duncan test ( p<0.05).
Results: There was statistical significant differences between initial and final microhardness values of different barnds of acrylic resin denture teet. Anterior teeth showed lower microhardness values than posterior teeth.
Conclusion: Storage in different solutions and thermal cycling significantly reduced the Vickers hardness of the acrylic resin denture teeth.
Evaluation of medial lingual foramen with cone-beam computed tomography in a Turkish adult population
Authors: Laçin Nihat , Tatar Birkan , Veli İlknur , Adıgüzel Artemisa 
Published: January 2019

Aim: The aim of this study is to characterize the anatomical findings of the MLF in a Turkish population, using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).
Methodology: The CBCT images of 350 untreated patients (164 male, 186 female ranging in age between 18 and 65) were included in this study. The distribution of MLFs were determined in axial, sagittal, and coronal planes by considering gender and side. For statistical evaluation, a chi-square test was used to analyze independent samples. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: At least 1 canal was observed in all subjects (n = 350). The most common result was a single canal. Among the 164 male patients (46.86%), 98 had 1 canal (59.75%); 59 had 2 canals (35.97%); and 7 had 3 canals (4.26%). Among the 186 female patients (53.14%), 134 (72.04%) had 1 conduit or canal; 49 (26.34%) had 2 canals; and only 3 case (1.61%) presented with 3 canals. Difference between genders was statistically significant.
Conclusions: Vascular canals and anastomoses presence in anterior mandible which are sufficient for severe hemorrhage complications. The distribution of MLFs must be taken into account during presurgical planning.
Dual surface impression for management of mandibular flat ridge in an elderly patient: A Case Report
Authors: Abdel-Khalek Elsayed Abdallah , Said Mohamed Moustafa 
Published: January 2019

Aim: This article described a physiological impression technique to design denture surfaces by the action of the surrounding musculature during functional movements based on "neutral zone concept" in patients with severely atrophied mandibular ridge.
Methodology: Dual surface impression technique was employed for the fitting and polished surface using silicone impression material.
Results: This technique provided a stable base with correct borders to perform all functional movements of the lips, cheeks, and tongue.
Conclusion: The patient improved the ability to maintain the adaptive muscle behaviors necessary to control the denture movement in function and rest.

How to cite this article: Abdel-Khalek EA, Said MM. Dual surface impression for management of mandibular flat ridge in an elderly patient: A Case Report. Int Dent Res 2018;8(3):151-4.

Linguistic Revision: The English in this manuscript has been checked by at least two professional editors, both native speakers of English.
O objeto nulo na aquisição da linguagem
Authors: Leoncio Ana Lucia Barros 
Published: January 2019

RESUMO No presente trabalho, apresentamos a análise da ocorrência do objeto nulo em sentenças de crianças de zero a 5 anos e onze meses, levando em consideração a animacidade e especificidade dos seus antecedentes. Consideramos em nossos estudos, os pressupostos da Teoria Gerativa de Noam Chomsky e as pesquisas realizadas por linguistas brasileiros que estudam a produção de objetos nulo’ no Português do Brasil, especialmente Casagrande (2012), Cyrino (1993; 1999; 2000; 2002; 2016) e Lopes (2003; 2005; 2007; 2010; 2012).Palavras-chave: Objeto nulo. Animacidade. Especificidade.
A ruína na cidade através da literatura e da fotografia
Authors: Gaspar Rafael Fontes 
Published: January 2019

Este artigo analisa o processo de modernização do espaço urbano através de uma leitura de textos literários que apresentam a cidade como um cenário em ruínas. São incluídas fotografias de ruínas urbanas para compor junto à literatura, reflexões sobre o processo de degradação da paisagem citadina. Como modo de compreender a relação da experiência do sujeito na cidade, deve-se refletir sobre a destruição da memória de construções abandonadas, como as ruínas habitadas em Havana, descritas no conto Uma arte de fazer ruínas de Antonio José Ponte. Além disso, outras descrições literárias também contribuem como forma de observar o processo de destruição de antigas construções. Convém observar que as fotografias ilustram nesta apresentação as produções literárias sobre a ruína na cidade. Por exemplo, as fotografias de Robert Polidori que registra Havana, revelando os vestígios de uma arquitetura abandonada, de espaços que resistem ao tempo como forma de abrigo da vida humana. De modo similar, surge outros trabalhos fotográficos, como realizados por Yves Marchand e Romain Meffre sobre Detroit, no qual levantam questões sobre a utopia de uma cidade idealizada no passado, ao mesmo tempo que exibe no presente uma paisagem arruinada e distópica. Não se pode deixar de notar, que o encanto da ruína surge no espaço literário através de um olhar poético e sensível, como pode ser visto através das lentes de Julia Solis, fotógrafa que registra e escreve sobre teatros e palcos abandonados através de uma viagem feita pelos Estados Unidos e pela Europa
Unnatural London: the Metaphor and the Marvelous in China Mieville's Perdido Street Station
Authors: Abreu Alexandre Veloso de 
Published: January 2019

This paper explores allegorical and unnatural elements in China Miéville’s novel Perdido Street Station, starting with a parallel between the fictional city New Crobuzon and London. Fantasy literature examines human nature by means of myth and archetype and science fiction exploits the same aspects, although emphasizing technological possibilities. Horror is said to explore human nature plunging into our deepest fears. We encounter the three elements profusely in the narrative, making it a dense fictional exercise. In postclassical narratology, unnatural narratives are understood as mimetical exercises questioning verisimilitude in the level of the story and of discourse. When considered unnatural, narratives have a broader scope, sometimes even transcending this mimetical limitation. Fantastical and marvelous elements generally strike us as bizarre and question the standards that govern the real world around us. Although Fantasy worlds do also mirror the world we live in, they allow us the opportunity to confront the model when physically or logically impossible characters or scenes enhance the reader’s imagination. Elements of the fantastic and the marvelous relate to metaphor as a figure of speech and can help us explore characters’ archetypical functions, relating these allegorical symbols to the polis. In Miéville’s narrative, such characters will be paralleled to inhabitants of London in different temporal and spatial contexts, enhancing how the novel metaphorically represents the city as an elaborate narrative strategy.
Jaký je ideální model odpovědnosti za autonomní systém?
Authors: Tomíšek Jan 
Published: January 2019

Příspěvek se věnuje praktickým otázkám odpovědnosti za škody způsobené autonomními systémy, u nichž je obtížná předvídatelnost a prevence škod a rovněž obtížné určení příčiny vzniku konkrétní škody s ohledem na konstrukci systémů a množství datových vstupů. Na základě analýzy ideálního modelu odpovědnosti za takové systémy je diskutována stávající úprava odpovědnosti za provoz zvláště nebezpečný odpovědnosti za vady výrobku dle občanského zákoníku. Odpovědnost za provoz zvláště nebezpečný je vyhodnocena jako vhodný model odpovědnosti provozovatele systému a je navrhováno její doplnění systémem povinného pojištění. Ve vztahu k odpovědnosti za vady výrobku je pak navrhováno rozšíření liberačních podmínek a rozšíření odpovědnosti na vady softwarových autonomních systémů.
Historické právní informace a jejich databázové zpřístupnění (východiska, obecné otázky a případová studie)
Authors: Kober Jan , Matejka Ján , Aubrecht Petr , Brůha David 
Published: January 2019

Článek Historické právní informace a jejich databázové zpřístupnění zkoumá zpřístupňování výrazně specifického druhu právních informací – historických právních informací. V své první části se článek zabývá všeobecnými otázkami zpřístupňování historických právních informací a nakládání s nimi. Druhá část popisuje současnou českou situaci a zmiňuje současné praktické obtíže. Třetí část článku přináší kritický přehled aktivit, které byly dosud na poli digitalizace ve zkoumané oblasti uskutečněny. Čtvrtá část článku tyto projekty sumárně hodnotí na podkladu tohoto hodnocení formuluje optimální požadavky na podobu dalších aktivit. Z těchto požadavků vychází podoba vytvářeného projektu Národní právní dědictví, stručně popsaná částí pátou. Možnosti systému podrobně popisuje rozsáhlá část šestá o způsobech jeho využívání. Část část sedmá pak doplňuje část šestou přiblížením roviny vybraných technických parametrů řešení systému.
Utajované patenty
Authors: Novotná Tereza 
Published: January 2019

Tento článek zpracovává problematiku utajovaných patentů. Nejprve diskutuje samotnou existenci tohoto institutu s ohledem na princip veřejnosti. Následně analyzuje právní úpravu samotného institutu na mezinárodní, evropské i národní úrovni s důrazem na přesný popis řízení o jeho udělení a se snahou definovat i dopad utajování patentu na vlastnická práva k němu. Na závěr doplňuje analýzu krátkou komparací s právní úpravou v dalších státech, kde se zaměřuje zejména na rozdílné prvky v řízení.
Reimagining the research assignment: Faculty-librarian collaborations that increase student learning
Authors: Saines Sherri , Harrington Sara , Boeninger Chad , Campbell Paul , Canter John , McGeary Bryan 
Published: January 2019

One important focus of the libraries’ work in recent years has been transforming the work of subject librarians to foster the development of “strong, collaborative, opportunistic relationships that place Ohio University (OU) Libraries in the flow of teaching, learning, and research.” Librarians seek to be experts embedded in the disciplines, collaborating and partnering with faculty as part of the academic enterprise.
Literacy in the cooperative sector evaluated through the reserve for cooperative education and training
Authors: Meira Deolinda Maria , Bandeira Ana María , Ávida Patrícia 
Published: January 2019

This study aims to evaluate the degree of legal-accounting literacy in cooperatives, having as an indicator the reserve for cooperative education and training, since this reserve is exclusive to the legal regime of cooperatives and which, due to its very specific purposes, presented itself as a mechanism that seeks to prevent or eliminate possible phenomena of illiteracy. This reserve — which implements the cooperative principle of education, training and information — addresses members, leaders and workers and aims to contribute to the development of the cooperative, by allowing the education of cooperators, an active membership, the professionalization of the employees and members of the management and supervisory bodies, as well as raising community awareness of the advantages of the cooperative model. The empirical study has shown that, in Portugal, there are cooperatives that do not have established the reserve for cooperative education and training or, despite having established the reserve, admit possibilities that the law does not allow, namely both the destination of the reserve as well as its sources, and even its distribution. In addition, cooperatives are not adequately accounting for this reserve. There is, therefore, a significant degree of legal and accounting illiteracy regarding the reserve for cooperative education and training, which difficult or limits the achievement of its purposes.
ДИСЛАЛИЈА – НАДОМИНАНТНИЈИ ГОВОРНИ ПОРЕМЕЋАЈ У РАНОМ ДЕТИЊСТВУ
Authors: Опсеница Сања , Вила Ана 
Published: January 2019

Познато је да је говор важан чинилац у развитку личности и њеној социјализацији, па одатле и стална потреба за новим истраживањима из области говорно-језичког развоја и његове патологије. Основни циљ овог истраживања као и целокупна проблемска оријентација овог рада била је да се сагледа заступљеност говорно-језичких поремећаја као и утврђивање доминације у погледу врсте говорно-језичког поремећаја, а уједно и да се процени колико породичне прилике и различити пренатални, перинатални и постнатални фактори могу утицати на развој говора. Истраживањем добијени подаци указују да је најчешћи говорни поремећај евидентан код деце предшколског и раног школског узраста поремећај артикулације (дислалија) која је нарушена по квалитету. Импликације за будућа истраживања су да резултати радова везаних за говорнојезичке поремећаје имају вишеструку применљивост како у васпитно-образовном тако и у клиничком раду. Препознавање основног проблема, праћење ефекта третмана, обучавање родитеља за рад са децом са говорно-језичким поремећајима, усавршавање дијагностичких инструмената могу бити неки од сегмената који само у целини и заједничким учинком могу водити ка правом путу превенције, детекције, дијагностике и лечења говорно-језичких поремећаја. Користећи се резултатима рада покушали бисмо да последице рада сведемо на најмању могућу меру уз адекватан третман основног проблема.
Engineering Immune Tolerance with Biomaterials
Authors: Gammon Joshua M. , Jewell Christopher M. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAutoimmune diseases, rejection of transplanted organs and grafts, chronic inflammatory diseases, and immune‐mediated rejection of biologic drugs impact a large number of people across the globe. New understanding of immune function is revealing exciting opportunities to help tackle these challenges by harnessing—or correcting—the specificity of immune function. However, realizing this potential requires precision control over the interaction between regulatory immune cues, antigens attacked during inflammation, and the tissues where these processes occur. Engineered materials—such as polymeric and lipid particles, scaffolds, and inorganic materials—offer powerful features that can help to selectively regulate immune function during disease without compromising healthy immune functions. This review highlights some of the exciting developments to leverage biomaterials as carriers, depots, scaffolds—and even as agents with intrinsic immunomodulatory features—to promote immunological tolerance.
Biologically Inspired and Chemically Derived Methods for Glucose‐Responsive Insulin Therapy
Authors: VandenBerg Michael A. , Webber Matthew J. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe controlled delivery of therapeutics in a manner responsive to physiological indicators has promise in realizing new therapeutic approaches to combat disease. This approach is especially relevant in the context of diabetes. Natural fluctuations in blood glucose seen in the healthy state, complete with peaks and troughs, are poorly regulated as a result of detrimental production or ineffective signaling of the insulin hormone. While several manifestations of diabetes are treated with regularly administered exogenous insulin, the present standard of care results in suboptimal glycemic management that poorly recreates natural hormone control, leading to long‐term instability and a significantly increased risk for secondary health complications. New synthetic technologies that make insulin available only when needed, and at the exact dose required, have been explored under the broad vision of realizing a “fully synthetic pancreas.” Yet, many challenges remain to realizing a technology that is appropriately responsive, safe, and well integrated into a manageable routine. Herein, many of the approaches explored thus far to sense physiological blood glucose and elicit response through the release of therapeutic insulin are summarized. The approaches point to a new, autonomous approach to managing diabetes with biomimetic therapy.
The Collagen Suprafamily: From Biosynthesis to Advanced Biomaterial Development
Authors: Sorushanova Anna , Delgado Luis M. , Wu Zhuning , Shologu Naledi , Kshirsagar Aniket , Raghunath Rufus , Mullen Anne M. , Bayon Yves , Pandit Abhay , Raghunath Michael , Zeugolis Dimitrios I. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractCollagen is the oldest and most abundant extracellular matrix protein that has found many applications in food, cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and biomedical industries. First, an overview of the family of collagens and their respective structures, conformation, and biosynthesis is provided. The advances and shortfalls of various collagen preparations (e.g., mammalian/marine extracted collagen, cell‐produced collagens, recombinant collagens, and collagen‐like peptides) and crosslinking technologies (e.g., chemical, physical, and biological) are then critically discussed. Subsequently, an array of structural, thermal, mechanical, biochemical, and biological assays is examined, which are developed to analyze and characterize collagenous structures. Lastly, a comprehensive review is provided on how advances in engineering, chemistry, and biology have enabled the development of bioactive, 3D structures (e.g., tissue grafts, biomaterials, cell‐assembled tissue equivalents) that closely imitate native supramolecular assemblies and have the capacity to deliver in a localized and sustained manner viable cell populations and/or bioactive/therapeutic molecules. Clearly, collagens have a long history in both evolution and biotechnology and continue to offer both challenges and exciting opportunities in regenerative medicine as nature's biomaterial of choice.
Memristive Synapses for Brain‐Inspired Computing
Authors: Wang Jingrui , Zhuge Fei 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAlthough the structure and function of the human brain are still far from being fully understood, brain‐inspired computing architectures mainly consisting of artificial neurons and artificial synapses have been attracting more and more attentions due to their powerful computing capability and energy efficient operation. Synaptic plasticity is believed to be the origin of learning and memory. However, it is still a big challenge to realize artificial synapses with high reliability, good scalability, and low energy consumption, comparable to their biological counterparts. The memristor is a two‐terminal electronic device whose conductance can be reversibly regulated by electric stimuli. Memristive devices are considered ideal synaptic emulators due to their superior performance such as high speed and low power operation. This work reviews the recent advances in the development of memristive synapses based on different types of memristors. First, various working mechanisms of memristive synapses are discussed and compared. Then, different integration approaches of synaptic devices are described and compared. Various cognitive functions implemented with synaptic crossbar circuits are also described. Finally, the approaches for optimizing the performance parameters of memristive synapses and challenges to integrate the synaptic devices with complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) or memristive neurons are overviewed and discussed briefly.
The Current Development and Future Outlook of Triboelectric Nanogenerators: A Survey of Literature
Authors: Cheng Tinghai , Gao Qi , Wang Zhong Lin 
Published: January 2019

AbstractTriboelectric nanogenerators are devices that effectively convert ambient mechanical energy into electricity, which can be used as a power source or a sensor signal. Since first proposed by Dr. Zhong Lin Wang in 2012, the development of triboelectric nanogenerators has grown rapidly. Herein, the development of the triboelectric nanogenerator and its global impact is investigated by analyzing the statistical publication numbers and the geographic distribution of the publications. In addition, this article also features the main applications of triboelectric nanogenerators such as blue energy, self‐powered sensor/systems, and micro‐/nanoenergy, and points out its future outlook. Several challenges and fundamental physical questions are also discussed to provide a more comprehensive view of this revolutionary technology.
Synthese einer NHC‐koordinierten Siliciumringverbindung mit Si=N‐Gruppe und einem zweifachkoordinierten Siliciumatom
Authors: Keuter Jan , Hepp Alexander , Mück‐Lichtenfeld Christian , Lips Felicitas 
Published: January 2019

AbstractDie Reaktion des Bicyclo[1.1.0]tetrasilatetraamids Si4{N(SiMe3)Dipp}4 1 (Dipp=2,6‐Diisopropylphenyl) mit 5 Äquiv. des N‐heterocyclischen Carbens NHCMe4 (1,3,4,5‐Tetramethylimidazol‐2‐yliden) liefert eine bifunktionelle, carbenkoordinierte, viergliedrige Ringverbindung mit einer Si=N‐Gruppe und einem zweifach‐koordinierten Siliciumatom Si4{N(SiMe3)Dipp}2(NHCMe4)2(NDipp) 2. In einer Reaktion von 2 mit 0.25 Äquiv. Schwefel (S8) addieren zwei Schwefelatome an das ehemals unsubstituierte Siliciumatom einmal in die Ebene und einmal senkrecht zur Ebene des Si4‐Rings, was den Silyloncharakter dieses Siliciumatoms in 2 bestätigt.
One‐Pot Bioconversion of l‐Arabinose to l‐Ribulose in an Enzymatic Cascade
Authors: Chuaboon Litavadee , Wongnate Thanyaporn , Punthong Pangrum , Kiattisewee Cholpisit , Lawan Narin , Hsu Chia‐Yi , Lin Chun‐Hung , Bornscheuer Uwe T. , Chaiyen Pimchai 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThis work reports the one‐pot enzymatic cascade that completely converts l‐arabinose to l‐ribulose using four reactions catalyzed by pyranose 2‐oxidase (P2O), xylose reductase, formate dehydrogenase, and catalase. As wild‐type P2O is specific for the oxidation of six‐carbon sugars, a pool of P2O variants was generated based on rational design to change the specificity of the enzyme towards the oxidation of l‐arabinose at the C2‐position. The variant T169G was identified as the best candidate, and this had an approximately 40‐fold higher rate constant for the flavin reduction (sugar oxidation) step, as compared to the wild‐type enzyme. Computational calculations using quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) molecular dynamics (MD) showed that this improvement is due to a decrease in the steric effects at the axial C4‐OH of l‐arabinose, which allows a reduction in the distance between the C2‐H and flavin N5, facilitating hydride transfer and enabling flavin reduction.