bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vitamin D attenuates gentamicin-induced acute renal damage via prevention of oxidative stress and DNA damage
Authors: Mohammed MA , Aboulhoda BE , Mahmoud RH 
Published: November 2018

Background: Despite being one of the most nephrotoxic drugs, gentamicin (GM) remains a mainstay as a first-choice agent in a vast variety of clinical situations owing to its superlative efficiency as a broad-spectrum antibiotic in treating several life-threatening bacterial infections. This urgently calls for the need for in-depth analysis of the mechanisms governing GM-induced nephrotoxicity and entails the necessity of presenting novel protective agents capable of ameliorating those renal deleterious effects. The reactive oxygen species and redox-sensitive transcription factors in GM-induced nephrotoxicity have recently called attention. Purpose: This study has been designed to shed light on the possible mechanisms of GM-induced nephrotoxicity and to provide a consensus set of histopathological, immunohistochemical, genetic and biochemical parameters elucidating the protective role of vitamin D against this nephrotoxicity. Methods: Twenty-four adult male albino rats were equally divided into four groups: group I (control group), group II (GM), group III (GM + vitamin D) and group IV (vitamin D only). Kidney function tests, histopathological examination, gene expression of nuclear factor 2, nuclear factor kappa beta (NF-κB) and western blot of NF-κB p65, assessment of glutathione peroxidase and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase (NADPH) oxidase by ELISA, as well as immunohistochemical evaluation of inducible nitric oxide, malondialdehyde, 8-hydroxy 2 deoxyguanine and vitamin D receptor, have been carried out. Results: The kidney function deterioration, tissue oxidative stress development and the histopathological changes induced by GM were significantly attenuated by vitamin D administration. Conclusion: Vitamin D attenuates GM nephrotoxicity through its antioxidant properties and prevention of DNA damage.
Systemic lupus erythematosus among male patients in Malaysia: how are we different from other geographical regions?
Authors: Shaharir S.S. , Kadir W.D.Abdul , Nordin F. , Bakar F Abu , Ting M W H , Jamil A , Mohd R. , Wahab A Abdul 
Published: November 2018

Background Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease which predominantly affects females. The disease characteristics in male SLE patients are reported to be distinct and may vary across ethnicities and geographical regions. Objective To determine and compare the clinical phenotype and organ damage between male and female patients with SLE in Malaysia. Methodology This was a cross-sectional study involving SLE patients from Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre from June 2016 until June 2017. Information on their socio-demographics and disease characteristics were obtained from the clinical records. Disease damage was assessed using the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics/American College of Rheumatology (SLICC/ACR) damage index (SDI) scores. The disease characteristics, autoantibody profiles and organ damage were compared between male and female patients, and multivariable analysis using male sex as dependent variable was then performed. Results A total of 418 patients were recruited and a total of 59 (14.1%) patients were male. Male patients presented with lower SLE ACR criteria at initial presentation but a significantly higher number of them had renal involvement (lupus nephritis) (78.0% versus 63.8%, p = 0.04). Male patients had less musculoskeletal involvement (45.8% versus 63.0%, p = 0.02) and tended to have lesser mucocutaneous involvement. Immunologic profile revealed that a lower number of male patients had positive anti-Ro antibody (22.7% versus 44.7%, p = 0.04) and they tended to have positive lupus anticoagulant antibody (27.6% versus 14.3%, p = 0.06). Presence of organ damage (SDI score ≥ 1) was significantly higher among males (55.9% versus 39.6%, p = 0.02) with higher renal damage (25.4% versus 9.2%, p = 0.004) and cardiovascular event of ischaemic heart disease or stroke (20.3% versus 7.0%, p = 0.004). They were also inclined to develop damage much earlier as compared to female patients, 3 (interquartile range (IQR) 7.5) versus 5 (IQR 7) years, p = 0.08. The occurrence of disease damage was independently associated with male gender with odds ratio of 1.9 (95% confidence interval 1.1–3.5), p = 0.02. Conclusion Male patients with SLE have more severe disease with renal damage and cardiovascular event.
The profile analysis of circular RNAs in human placenta of preeclampsia
Authors: Zhou Wenbo , Wang Huiyan , Wu Xian , Long Wei , Zheng Fangxiu , Kong Jing , Yu Bin 
Published: November 2018

A total of 70 pregnant women were recruited for this study, including 35 early onset preeclampsia (PE) and 35 normal pregnant women. By RNA sequencing, the circular RNA (circRNAs) in placenta were identified. Differentially expressed circRNAs were bioinformatics analyzed with gene ontology, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes, and circRNA–miRNA interaction prediction. Quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR) assay was used to verify the results. Compared with the normal pregnant women, there were 49 circRNAs differentially expressed in the placental tissue of PE women, including two circRNAs were up-regulated and 47 were down-regulated. Ten differentially expressed circRNAs were selected for validation by qRT-PCR, among which results of three circRNAs, circRNA_3286, circRNA_5593, and circRNA_3800, were consistent with the sequencing. According to the bioinformatic prediction, we speculate that these circRNAs may be involved in some cellular regulatory functions in PE through their targeted miRNAs. We also evaluated the expression of circRNA_3286 in plasma to be used as a potential biomarker for PE; in vitro Transwell assay shown transfected with si-circ-3286 significantly reduced invasion in HTR8/Svneo cells. In conclusion, we displayed a preliminary landscape of circRNA differential expression in PE and discussed their possible regulatory mechanisms. This study revealed a new insight into the molecular mechanism of PE. Impact statement The abnormal expression of many regulatory factors may be involved in the development of PE. circRNAs are proved to have a series of important biological functions; however, reports about circRNA and PE are rare. In this work, we evaluated the profile analysis of circRNAs in human placenta of PE by RNA-seq and found some newly differentially expressed circRNAs which might be involved in PE. Combined with bioinformatics analysis, their possible functions were preliminarily discussed.
Percutaneous mechanical thrombectomy using Rotarex catheter in peripheral artery occlusion diseases – Experience from a single center
Authors: Liu Jinbo , Li Tianrun , Huang Wei , Zhao Na , Liu Huan , Zhao Hongwei , Wang Hongyu 
Published: November 2018

Aims The aim of this retrospective single-center study was to analyze the immediate results, failures and complications of percutaneous mechanical thrombectomy using the Rotarex catheter in the treatment of peripheral artery occlusion. Methods In this study, we identified a total of 42 patients who underwent mechanical thrombectomy using Rotarex catheter at our institution. Procedural outcomes and complications were evaluated. Results The cohort consisted of 42 patients (31 men and 11 women), aged 32–93 years (median 68 years). The number of external iliac artery occlusion was 5, with common femoral artery 5, superficial femoral artery 28, femoral profound artery 2, popliteal artery 12, and brachial artery 2. The causes of occlusion were thrombosis (29 cases, 69%), embolism (6 cases, 14%), and reocclusion after percutaneous intervention (7 cases, 17%). We achieved primary success in 100% of the patients with mechanical thrombectomy, associated with balloon angioplasty (40/42, 95.2%) and stent deployment (16/42, 38.1%). The median time of the interventional procedure was 145 min. We encountered lower percentage of distal embolization (2.4%) and artery dissection (2.4%) during usage of Rotarex catheter in our cohort. Conclusions Rotarex thrombectomy was a useful tool to recanalize occluded vessels with additional treatment such as balloon angioplasty or stent deployment, with a low rate of failures and complications. And prospective studies in this issue are recommended.
Iatrogenic Bowel Injury Following Minimally Invasive Lateral Approach to the Lumbar Spine: A Retrospective Analysis of 3 Cases
Authors: Rustagi Tarush , Yilmaz Emre , Alonso Fernando , Schmidt Cameron , Oskouian Rod , Tubbs R. Shane , Chapman Jens R. , Hopkins Sarah , Schildhauer Thomas A. , Fisahn Christian 
Published: November 2018

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study. Objective: Anterior approaches are often used during lumbar interbody fusion procedures. Visceral injuries (bowel injuries) are rare but represent a primary risk during anterior approaches to the lumbar spine. Left untreated, these injuries can result in significant complications. The aim of this study was to investigate the presentation and management of bowel injury cases following anterior approaches to the lumbar spine to raise the surgeon’s awareness of this rare complication. Methods: All direct anterior, oblique anterior, and transpsoas lumbar interbody fusion surgeries performed at our institution between 2012 and 2016 were analyzed retrospectively. Charts were screened for cases requiring return to the operating room owing to a suspected bowel injury and details of the case were extracted for illustrative purposes. Results: A total of 775 anterior lumbar surgeries were conducted at a single tertiary care institution between July 2012 and June 2017. A total of 590 transpsoas lumbar interbody fusion (TPIF) surgeries were performed. Four patients, each having undergone TPIF, were suspected of bowel injury and underwent an exploratory laparotomy. At surgery, 3 patients were confirmed to have a bowel injury, giving a procedure-specific incidence of 0.51% and overall incidence of 0.39%. Among the 3 confirmed bowel injury cases, average delay between surgery and visceral injury diagnosis was 4.7 days (range 3-7 days). Conclusions: We noted abdominal pain, distention, and fever as the most common findings in the setting of a visceral injury. A high index of suspicion and computed tomography imaging remain critical for identifying postoperative bowel injuries.
Risk Factors for Concomitant Collateral Ligament Injuries in Children and Adolescents With Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tears
Authors: Lee R. Jay , Margalit Adam , Nduaguba Afamefuna , Gunderson Melissa A. , Ganley Theodore J. 
Published: November 2018

Background: Risk factors for concomitant ligament injuries (CLIs) of the lateral collateral ligament (LCL) and medial collateral ligament (MCL) in children and adolescents with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears are unknown. Purpose: To determine whether body mass index (BMI), sex, age, and injury mechanism are associated with CLIs in children and adolescents with ACL tears and whether CLIs are associated with meniscal and chondral injuries and a delay to surgery. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: We reviewed the records of patients aged ≤18 years with ACL tears from 2009 through 2013 for sex, age, height, weight, CLI, injury mechanism, intra-articular injury, and time to surgery. Patients were assigned to groups according to the presence of a CLI (CLI group) compared with the presence of an isolated ACL tear (ACL group). BMI was categorized as underweight, normal weight, or overweight/obese. The older group was defined as age ≥14 years for girls and ≥16 years for boys. Logistic regression, Mann-Whitney U tests, and chi-square tests were performed (alpha = 0.05). Results: We included 509 patients (267 girls) with a mean age of 15 years (range, 6-18 years) at the time of injury. There were 396 patients (78%) in the ACL group and 113 patients (22%) in the CLI group (90 with MCL, 11 with LCL, and 12 with both MCL and LCL injuries). Groups had similar proportions of overweight/obese patients ( P = .619) and girls ( P = .104). Older age (odds ratio [OR], 2.0 [95% CI, 1.3-3.3]) and contact injuries (OR, 2.2 [95% CI, 1.4-3.4]) were associated with CLIs. The CLI group had a higher proportion of chondral injuries ( P = .001) but not meniscal injuries ( P = .295) and presented to surgery earlier than the ACL group ( P = .002). Conclusion: Older age and contact injuries were associated with CLIs in children and adolescents with ACL tears, whereas BMI category and sex were not. CLIs were associated with a higher proportion of chondral injuries but not meniscal injuries and were not associated with a delay to surgery.
Nurses’ Perception of a Tailored Web-Based Intervention for the Self-Management of Pain After Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Martorella Geraldine , Graven Lucinda , Schluck Glenna , Bérubé Mélanie , Gélinas Céline 
Published: November 2018

Background Cardiac surgeries rank among the most frequent surgical procedures and present a risk of chronic postsurgical pain (CPSP). A continuum approach is required to prevent the development of CPSP. As a first step, a tailored web-based intervention was developed and successfully tested to tackle pain management during hospitalization. Before proceeding to further development, preliminary acceptability of the intervention including the postdischarge phase must be evaluated. Purpose The purpose of this study was to examine nurses’ perception of a tailored Web-based intervention for pain management in the early recovery phase. The objectives were to evaluate intervention’s acceptability and to identify ways to enhance its acceptability. Methods A parallel mixed methods approach was used to assess the acceptability of the intervention in the early recovery phase (first month after surgery). Results In total, 249 participants completed the online survey and 10 participants were individually interviewed. Overall, the intervention was rated as acceptable. No difference was found in acceptability ratings by demographics. The intervention was rated as appropriate to very much appropriate by 79% of participants. Although nurses seemingly would recommend it to their patients, they did not perceive that their patients would be as highly willing to use it. Interviews highlighted several strengths of the intervention, such as postoperative pain awareness, customization of content, and flexible dosage and schedule. However, the main weakness was related to patient adherence. Opting for a hybrid format and integrating individual preferences could enhance the coaching experience. Conclusion The innovative intervention was judged as acceptable for pain management in the early recovery phase. Considering that the intervention has demonstrated positive effects on the pain experience in the first week after cardiac surgery, it seems logical to explore its potential impact after discharge on the transition to CPSP.
Drug-drug interactions in an era of multiple anticoagulants: a focus on clinically relevant drug interactions
Authors: Vazquez Sara R. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractOral anticoagulants are commonly prescribed but high risk to cause adverse events. Skilled drug interaction management is essential to ensure safe and effective use of these therapies. Clinically relevant interactions with warfarin include drugs that modify cytochrome 2C9, 3A4, or both. Drugs that modify p-glycoprotein may interact with all direct oral anticoagulants, and modifiers of cytochrome 3A4 may interact with rivaroxaban and apixaban. Antiplatelet agents, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and serotonergic agents, such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, can increase risk of bleeding when combined with any oral anticoagulant, and concomitant use should be routinely assessed. New data on anticoagulant drug interactions are available almost daily, and therefore, it is vital that clinicians regularly search interaction databases and the literature for updated management strategies. Skilled drug interaction management will improve outcomes and prevent adverse events in patients taking oral anticoagulants.
Current opinions for the management of asthma associated with ear, nose and throat comorbidities
Authors: Tiotiu Angelica , Plavec Davor , Novakova Silviya , Mihaicuta Stefan , Novakova Plamena , Labor Marina , Bikov Andras 
Published: November 2018

Ear, nose and throat (ENT) comorbidities are common in patients with asthma and are frequently associated with poorer asthma outcomes. All these comorbidities are “treatable traits” in asthma. Identification and management of these disorders may spare medication usage and contribute to improved asthma control and quality of life, and a decrease in exacerbation rates.This review summarises recent data about the prevalence, clinical impact and treatment effects of ENT comorbidities in asthma including allergic rhinitis, chronic rhinosinusitis with and without nasal polyposis, aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease, obstructive sleep apnoea and vocal cord dysfunction.Many of these comorbidities are possible to be managed by the pulmonologist, but the collaboration with the ENT specialist is essential for patients with chronic rhinosinusitis or vocal cord dysfunction. Further rigorous research is needed to study the efficacy of comorbidity treatment to improve asthma outcomes, in particular with the development of biotherapies in severe asthma that can also be beneficial in some ENT diseases.
Risk factors for mortality and mortality rates in interstitial lung disease patients in the intensive care unit
Authors: Huapaya Julio A. , Wilfong Erin M. , Harden Christopher T. , Brower Roy G. , Danoff Sonye K. 
Published: November 2018

Data on interstitial lung disease (ILD) outcomes in the intensive care unit (ICU) is of limited value due to population heterogeneity. The aim of this study was to examine risk factors for mortality and ILD mortality rates in the ICU.We performed a systematic review using five databases. 50 studies were identified and 34 were included: 17 studies on various aetiologies of ILD (mixed-ILD) and 17 on idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). In mixed-ILD, elevated APACHE score, hypoxaemia and mechanical ventilation are risk factors for mortality. No increased mortality was found with steroid use. Evidence is inconclusive on advanced age. In IPF, evidence is inconclusive for all factors except mechanical ventilation and hypoxaemia. The overall in-hospital mortality was available in 15 studies on mixed-ILD (62% in 2001–2009 and 48% in 2010–2017) and 15 studies on IPF (79% in 1993–2004 and 65% in 2005–2017). Follow-up mortality rate at 1 year ranged between 53% and 100%.Irrespective of ILD aetiology, mechanical ventilation is associated with increased mortality. For mixed-ILD, hypoxaemia and APACHE scores are also associated with increased mortality. IPF has the highest mortality rate among ILDs, but since 1993 the rate appears to be declining. Despite improving in-hospital survival, overall mortality remains high.
Calcium release and physical properties of modified carbonate apatite cement as pulp capping agent in dental application
Authors: Zakaria Myrna Nurlatifah , Cahyanto Arief , El-Ghannam Ahmed 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

Background

Carbonate apatite (CO
3
Ap) and silica-calcium phosphate composite (SCPC) are bone substitutes with good prospect for dental application. SCPC creates a hydroxyapatite surface layer and stimulate bone cell function while, CO
3
Ap induce apatite crystal formation with good adaptation providing good seal between cement and the bone. Together, these materials will add favorable properties as a pulp capping material to stimulate mineral barrier and maintain pulp vitality. The aim of this study is to investigate modification of CO
3
Ap cement combined with SCPC, later term as CO
3
Ap-SCPC cement (CAS) in means of its chemical (Calcium release) and physical properties (setting time, DTS and pH value).

Methods

The study consist of three groups; group 1 (100% calcium hydroxide, group 2 CO
3
Ap (60% DCPA: 40% vaterite, and group 3 CAS (60% DCPA: 20% vaterite: 20% SCPC. Distilled water was employed as a solution for group 1, and 0.2 mol/L Na
3
PO
4
used for group 2 and group 3.

Samples were evaluated with respect to important properties for pulp capping application such as pH, setting time, mechanical strength and calcium release evaluation.

Results

The fastest setting time was in CO
3
Ap cement group without SCPC, while the addition of 20% SCPC slightly increase the pH value but did not improved the cement mechanical strength, however, the mechanical strength of both CO
3
Ap groups were significantly higher than calcium hydroxide. All three groups released calcium ions and had alkaline pH. Highest pH level, as well as calcium released level, was in the control group.

Conclusion
The CAS cement had good mechanical and acceptable chemical properties for pulp capping application compared to calcium hydroxide as a gold standard. However, improvements and in vivo studies are to be carried out with the further development of this material.
Behavioural and emotional issues among primary school pupils with congenital colour vision deficiency in the Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia: A case-control study
Authors: Thomas Belina Anne William M , Kaur Sharanjeet , Hairol Mohd Izzuddin , Ahmad Mahadir , Wee Lei Hum 
Published: November 2018

Background: Congenital colour vision deficiency (CCVD) is an untreatable disorder which has lifelong consequences. Increasing use of colours in schools has raised concern for pupils with CCVD. This case-control study was conducted to compare behavioural and emotional issues among age, gender and class-matched pupils with CCVD and normal colour vision (NCV). Methods: A total of 1732 pupils from 10 primary schools in the Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur were screened, of which 46 pupils (45 males and 1 female) had CCVD. Mothers of male pupils with CCVD (n=44) and NCV (n=44) who gave consent were recruited to complete a self-administered parent report form, Child Behaviour Checklist for Ages 4-18 (CBCL/ 4-18) used to access behavioural and emotional problems. The CBCL/ 4-18 has three broad groupings: Internalising, Externalising and Total Behaviour Problems. Internalising Problems combines the Withdrawn, Somatic Complaints and Anxiety/ Depression sub constructs, while Externalising Problems combines the Delinquent and Aggressive Behaviour sub constructs. Results: Results from CBCL/ 4-18 showed that all pupils from both groups had scores within the normal range for all constructs. However, results from the statistical analysis for comparison, Mann-Whitney U test, showed that pupils with CCVD scored significantly higher for Externalising Problems (U=697.50, p=0.02) and Total Behaviour Problems (U=647.00, p= 0.01). Significantly higher scores were observed in Withdrawn (U=714.00, p=0.02), Thought Problems (U=438.50, p<0.001) and Aggressive Behaviour (U=738.00, p=0.04). Odds ratios, 95% CI, showed significant relative risk for high Total Behaviour Problem (OR:2.39 ,CI:1.0-5.7), Externalising Problems (OR:2.32, CI:1.0-5.5), Withdrawn (OR:2.67, CI:1.1-6.5), Thought Problems (OR:9.64, CI:3.6-26.1) and Aggressive Behaviour (OR:10.26, CI:3.4-31.0) scores among pupils with CCVD. Conclusion: Higher scores among CCVD pupils indicates that they present more behavioural and emotional problems compared to NCV pupils. Therefore, school vision screenings in Malaysia should also include colour vision to assist in the early clinical management of CCVD children.