bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determination of the cut-off point of the Functional Independence Measure as a predictor of adverse events in patients with acute stroke
Authors: Kurokawa Noriko , Kai Chiho , Hokotachi Yoko , Hasegawa Mari , Amagai Teruyoshi 
Published: August 2018

Objective This study was performed to determine the cut-off point of the Functional Independence Measure (FIM) to discriminate patients with acute stroke who develop adverse events during their stay in a stroke care unit (SCU). Methods All consecutive patients with stroke admitted to a single institute from January to March 2015 were enrolled. They were divided into two groups according to their average daily energy intake in the SCU: ≥66% or <66% of the target (high- and low-energy group, respectively). A receiver operating characteristic curve was used to determine the cut-off point of the FIM to predict adverse events in patients with acute stroke. Results The length of stay in the SCU was significantly longer and the serum C-reactive protein level (CRP) was significantly higher in the low- than high-energy group (7 vs. 4 days and 2.15 vs. 0.20 mg/dL, respectively). The total FIM score cut-off value was 63 points. Conclusions An energy intake of <66% of the target was associated with a significantly longer stay in the SCU and a higher CRP level. A total FIM score cut-off value of 63 points is useful to discriminate patients with adverse events among those with acute stroke.
Retinal angiotensin II and angiotensin-(1-7) response to hyperglycemia and an intervention with captopril
Authors: Senanayake Preenie deS , Bonilha Vera L , W Peterson John , Yamada Yoshiro , Karnik Sadashiva S , Daneshgari Firouz , Brosnihan K Bridget , Hollyfield Joe G 
Published: August 2018

Hypothesis: Hyperglycemia decreases angiotensin-(1-7), the endogenous counter-regulator of angiotensin II in the retina. Materials and methods: The distribution and levels of retinal angiotensin II (Ang II) and angiotensin-(1-7) (Ang-(1-7)) were evaluated by confocal imaging and quantitative immunohistochemistry during the development of streptozotocin-induced diabetes in rats. Results: In the nondiabetic eye, Ang II was localized to the endfeet of Müller cells, extending into the cellular processes of the inner plexiform layer and inner nuclear layer; Ang-(1-7) showed a wider distribution, extending from the foot plates of the Müller cells to the photoreceptor layer. Eyes from diabetic animals showed a higher intensity and extent of Ang II staining compared with nondiabetic eyes, but lower intensity with a reduced distribution of Ang-(1-7) immunoreactivity. Treatment of the diabetic animals with the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) captopril showed a reduced intensity of Ang II staining, whereas increased intensity and distribution were evident with Ang-(1-7) staining. Conclusions: These studies reveal that pharmacological inhibition with ACEIs may provide a specific intervention for the management of the diabetes-induced decline in retinal function, reversing the profile of the endogenous angiotensin peptides closer to the normal condition.
Small Nucleolar RNA Host Gene 18 Acts as a Tumor Suppressor and a Diagnostic Indicator in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Liu Xue-Fang , Thin Khaing Zar , Ming Xin-Liang , Shuo-Li  , Ping-Luo  , Man-Zhu  , Li Nan-Di , Tu Jian-Cheng 
Published: August 2018

Background: Noncoding RNAs are crucial regulators acting as either tumor suppressor genes or oncogenes in human cancer progression. The aberrant expression of noncoding RNAs has been confirmed in different kinds of cancers. Hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the most common malignant tumors worldwide, characterized by insidious onset, great malignancy, and high rates of recurrence and metastasis. Due to lack of early predictive markers, numerous patients are diagnosed in the late stages. As therapeutic options for advanced patients are quite limited, great efforts have been made to screen patients at early stages. A previous study reported that small nucleolar RNA host gene 18 played crucial role in glioma. However, its functions and roles in hepatocellular carcinoma are unknown. Purpose: To explore its functional role and diagnostic value in hepatocellular carcinoma, we investigated its expression level. Methods: We performed real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction in tumor tissues and adjacent noncancerous tissues derived from patients with hepatocellular carcinoma as well as in plasma, including samples from the healthy control, patients with hepatitis B, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Results: Small nucleolar RNA host gene 18 was downregulated in liver tissues compared to paired adjacent noncancerous tissues ( P < .0001). Meanwhile, plasma small nucleolar RNA host gene 18 showed a relatively high sensitivity and specificity (75.61% and 73.49%) for distinguishing patients with hepatocellular carcinoma whose α-fetoprotein levels were below 200 ng/mL from the healthy controls. Conclusion: Our study suggested that small nucleolar RNA host gene 18 might act as a tumor suppressor gene in hepatocellular carcinoma and potentially a diagnostic indicator to distinguish hepatocellular carcinoma from the healthy control and cirrhosis.
Manuscript Submission Patterns of Authors Publishing in Orthopaedic Sports Medicine Journals
Authors: Carver Trevor J. , Kraeutler Matthew J. , Amer Keenan B. , McCarty Eric C. 
Published: August 2018

Background: Previous studies have examined the most cited articles in orthopaedic sports medicine research and the journals in which they were published. Purpose: To analyze the manuscript submission patterns of authors who published manuscripts in various orthopaedic sports medicine journals. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: All articles published in the March 2017 and April 2017 issues of Arthroscopy, the American Journal of Sports Medicine ( AJSM), Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy ( KSSTA), and the Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine ( OJSM) were searched. In addition, the past 50 sports medicine–related articles published in the Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery ( JBJS) dating back from April 2017 to May 2015 were searched. The corresponding author of each article was asked whether the publishing journal was the first journal of submission. If the article was previously submitted elsewhere, authors were asked which other journals, the dates of submission, and the order of submission. The proportion of articles that were initially submitted to each journal, the mean number of submissions prior to publication, and the mean duration from initial submission to date of publication were calculated for each journal. Results: A total of 298 articles were included in this study, and 221 (74%) corresponding authors responded to the survey. The mean number of submissions before acceptance was 1.05 for AJSM, 1.18 for JBJS, 1.20 for KSSTA, 1.38 for Arthroscopy, and 2.19 for OJSM. The percentage of articles that were submitted to their accepting journal first (ie, not previously submitted elsewhere) was 95% for AJSM, 85% for JBJS, 82% for KSSTA, 68% for Arthroscopy, and 13% for OJSM. Conclusion: Among the orthopaedic sports medicine journals included in this study, articles published in AJSM have the highest percentage of first submissions.
The Impact of A Service-Learning Project on Undergraduate Students’ Faith Development and Spiritual Formation: Outcomes of an Organization and Administrative Behavior Course
Authors: Helm-Stevens Roxanne , Kipley Dan , Pheifer Todd 
Published: August 2018

<p style="text-align:justify">Spiritual growth and development is frequently cited as an outcome of participation in service-learning projects. However, little research has focused on measuring the students' ability to understand the connection between the service-learning experience and their personal faith and the ability to live out their Christian values in the field. Notably missing from this particularly limited area of study is the Christian values convergence of being able to understand the worth of all people and a desire to be engaged in serving the community. Encompassing both quantitative and qualitative research methods, this study investigates undergraduate business students’ perceptions of the impact of a semester-long urban service-learning project on their spiritual lives and faith formation. Specific attention is given to exploring the students' perception of faith as demarcated by the Christian praxis of the students' relationship with God and with others.</p>
Scripting the virtual: Formats and development paths for recent Australian narrative 360-degree virtual reality projects
Authors: Dooley Kath 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Since around 2015, an abundance of cinematic, short narrative virtual reality (VR) projects utilizing an immersive 360-degree format have emerged at film festivals around the world and on online platforms. While this medium is one that is increasingly being adopted by established, traditional 2D filmmakers, the specificity of the form gives rise to a number of challenges for the screenwriter when considering screen grammar, script formats and the writing process. This article begins to address a gap in knowledge in this area by reporting upon approaches to the script formats, development techniques and methods of collaboration utilized by three Australian practitioners working in this format. This research includes a study of the physical expression of a screen idea (recorded on the page or elsewhere) and an exploration of the working conditions within which these ideas are shaped to provide some insight into emerging practices. I draw upon detailed interviews with the three practitioners, and in doing so, I open up a discussion on how their approaches to 360-degree VR differ from traditional forms of screenplay writing.
Fact and fiction in Jackie (2016): Revisiting a biopic with Paul Ricoeur
Authors: Brenes Carmen Sofia 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
The film Jackie (2016) by Chilean filmmaker Pablo Larraín and American screenwriter Noah Oppenheim provides an excellent basis to reflect on biopics and this genre’s capacity to reconstruct and present historical figures. This article is grounded in Paul Ricoeur’s reflections on narrativity, time and history, which have given rise to a new branch of film and screenwriting studies that regards films as poetic narrations, that is, condensed representations of slices of life. Drawing on Ricoeur’s notion of narration and his concept of the relationship between story and history, I explore how Jackie, the fictional character, allows us to get to know part of the historical figure, Jacqueline Kennedy’s, personal life. This reflection may be of particular interest to screenwriters now that biopics are experiencing a revival as an auteur genre. In the first section, I describe some features of biopics and examine whether and how Jackie fits into this category of film genre. In the second, I outline the theoretical foundations of Ricoeur’s story/history duality. In the third part, acting on Ricoeur’s suggestion for an analytical approach, followed by a synthetic or global reading of the story that leads to the identification of the inner force that unifies the fictional narrative, I analyse the rhetorical and visual mechanisms used in Jackie, paying special attention to the timeline and the point of view of the narrator. An overview of the main character’s motivations both in the film script and the film version, and of the way in which the ending is presented, finally makes it possible to see where story and history come together. Ricoeur’s reflection on human actions and how they are represented in narrative works sheds light on the foundations of screenwriting studies. Similarly, so does Juan José García-Noblejas, when he suggests that the unifying object of a screenplay is ‘human action’. Thus, this article is a transdisciplinary reflection on the biopic genre through the analysis of a recent film, with Ricoeur’s practical philosophy as the starting point.
Book Reviews
Authors: Meera Suhaila , Sathe Namrata Rele , Singh Harleen 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Dancing with the Nation: Courtesans in Bombay Cinema, Ruth Vanita (2018) New York and London: Bloomsbury Academic, 196 pp., ISBN: 9781501334429, h/bk, $120
The Extreme in Contemporary Culture: States of Vulnerability, PRAMOD K. NAYAR (2017) London and New York: Rowman and Littlefield, 165 pp., ISBN: 9781783483662, p/bk, $24.95
New Feminisms in South Asia: Disrupting the Discourse Through Social Media, Film, and Literature, Sonora Jha and Alka Kurian (eds) (2018) New York: Routledge, 296 pp., ISBN: 9781138668935, h/bk, $150
أثر استخدام التجارة الالكترونية في تحقيق عدد من أبعاد الميزة التنافسية
Authors: Shukri Abdulwahid T. , Azab Sami A. 
Published: August 2018

يهدف البحث إلى دراسة دور التجارة الالكترونية في تحقيق الميزة التنافسية في عدد من شركات الاتصال في إقليم كردستان العراق ، منطلقا من مخطط فرضي يأخذ بنظر الاعتبار اتجاه العلاقة بين المتغيرين ، ولتحقيق هدف البحث وإكمال متطلباته، باشر الباحثان بإعداد الإطار النظري للبحث بالاستفادة من أدبيات الموضوع ، وثم استخدام استمارة الاستبيان لأخذ آراء عينة البحث ، كما تم استخدام بعض الأساليب لتحليل و تفسير النتائج ، تمثلت أهم الاستنتاجات في إن الشركات التي تعتمد على التجارة الالكترونية كان لها اثر مهم في تحقيق و تعزيز الميزة التنافسية مقارنة مع منافسيها، وتوصل البحث إلى جملة من التوصيات كان من أهمها هو العمل على تفعيل شبكة الانترنت كعامل مهم من عوامل نجاح الشركات والمؤسسات الاتصال في العصر الحديث.
The role of NR2C2 in the prolactinomas
Authors: Zhuang Wang , Qian Liu , Fei Wang , Xiaolei Lan , Jing Guo , Bing Li , Hongyun Wang , Hua Gao , Yazhuo Zhang 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Prolactinomas are the most frequently observed pituitary adenomas. Prolactinomas invasion is a key risk factor associated with operation results, and it is highly correlated with clinical prognosis. Nuclear receptor subfamily 2 group C member 2 (NR2C2) first cloned from testis is involved in the invasion and metastasis of several human tumors. In 46 patients with prolactinamas, the expression levels of CCNB1, Notch2, and NR2C2 was determined with tissue micro-array (TMA). The association between NR2C2 levels and clinical parameters was established with univariate analysis. The levels of Notch2 and CCNB1 were analyzed by RT-PCR and western blot techniques.The average methylation levels of the NR2C2 promoter were 0.505 and 0.825 in invasive prolactinomas (IPA) and non-IPA groups, respectively (p = 0.013). Univariate analysis also showed that there is a significant relationship between high NR2C2 expression and invasion (x2 = 7.043, p = 0.008), prolactin granules (x2 = 8.712, p = 0.003), and tumor size (x2 = 4.261, p = 0.039.) With the knockdown of NR2C2, cell proliferation was inhibited. Genes related to epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) induced the apoptosis in MMQ cells. In addition, the level of Notch2 and CCNB1 were down-regulated with the knockdown of NR2C2. Moreover, miR-129-5p reduced mRNA levels of NR2C2, and they inhibited cell proliferation by inducing apoptosis levels of MMQ cells. Our findings proved NR2C2 played the important role in tumorigenesis tumor invasion of prolactinomas; moreover, NR2C2 is identified as a potential target.
The main influencing factors of soil mechanical characteristics of the gravity erosion environment in the dry-hot valley of Jinsha river
Authors: Zhao Yangyi , Duan Xu , Han Jiaojiao , Yang Kun , Xue Yang 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe dry-hot valley region counts as one of the most eco-sensitive zones in China, the issue of soil erosion is critical in regional ecological environment, soil mechanical property is one of the primary factors confining the occurrence of erosion, and it is attached crucial significance to in ascertaining the characteristics and principal factors of soil mechanics, and how to prevent and control soil erosion in arid red soil area of dry-hot valley. Through monitoring field location and directly shearing, the soil mechanical characteristics and the primary influencing factors of the mass erosion environment in the basin were ascertained. As the result indicates: (1) The soil moisture content, cohesion and internal friction angle are evidently correlated with each other abiding by power function, the relationship among soil cohesion, internal friction angle and volume moisture content goes as:$$\begin{array}{}
\displaystyle
c=80.107e^{-5.451\frac{{\it\omega}}{1.64\,+\,{\it\omega}}},\phi=65.646{\rm e}^{-3.325\frac{\omega}{1.64\,+\,\omega}};
\end{array}$$(2) The soil being large in pore radius vary in number and distribution evidently with structure and destruction degree (P<0.05). Soil aggregation was also significantly different (P<0.05), with the increasing of structural failure rate, the shear strength of soil decreased, and the probability of damage was increased as the external load increaseing. (3) The disintegration of soil can be effectively decelerated, and anti-disintegration ability of soil can be enhanced by the root system. The impact exerted by plant root system on shear strength of soil decreased as soil got deeper, more than a certain depth can be ignored; the impact exerted by plant root system on small-scale gravitational erosion was particularly evident, whereas the impact exerted by large-scale mass erosion was comparatively small. The ability of plant roots to optimize soil resistance was primarily through the roots shorter than 2 mm, the effective fibrous roots in the soil of the Leucaena Benth and the Dodonaea angustifolia were comparatively small, and the root of the herbaceous plants was comparatively large.
On groups containing the additive group of the residue ring or the vector space
Authors: Pogorelov Boris A. , Pudovkina Marina A. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractGroups which are most frequently used as key addition groups in iterative block ciphers include the regular permutation representation$\begin{array}{} \displaystyle V_{n}^{+} \end{array}$of the group of vector key addition, the regular permutation representation$\begin{array}{} \displaystyle \mathbb{Z}_{{2^n}}^{+} \end{array}$of the additive group of the residue ring, and the regular permutation representation$\begin{array}{} \displaystyle \mathbb{Z}_{{2^n} + 1}^ \odot \end{array}$of the multiplicative group of a prime field (in the case where 2n+ 1 is a prime number). In this work we consider the extension of the groupGngenerated by$\begin{array}{} \displaystyle V_{n}^{+} \end{array}$and$\begin{array}{} \displaystyle \mathbb{Z}_{{2^n}}^{+} \end{array}$by means of transformations and groups which naturally arise in cryptographic applications. Examples of such transformations and groups are the groups$\begin{array}{} \displaystyle \mathbb{Z}_{{2^d}}^{+} \times V_{n - d}^{+} ~\text{and}~ V_{n - d}^{+}\times \mathbb{Z}_{{2^d}}^{+} \end{array}$and pseudoinversion over the fieldGF(2n) or over the Galois ringGR(2md, 2m).
Pediatric hypertension: diagnostic patterns derived from electronic health records
Authors: Rao Goutham , Naureckas Sara , Datta Avisek , Mohanty Nivedita , Bauer Victoria , Padilla Roxane , Rittner Sarah S. , Tilmon Sandra , Epner Paul 
Published: August 2018

Abstract

Background
Pediatric hypertension is a serious problem associated with target organ damage in children and an increased risk for adult hypertension. African-American and Latino children are disproportionately affected. Unfortunately, due to a variety of factors, including the complexity of blood pressure (BP) standards, pediatric hypertension is undiagnosed in the majority of cases. We sought to identify factors associated with correct diagnosis and to better understand diagnosis of hypertension by studying the diagnostic paths of a small number of children.

Methods
Data were extracted from electronic health records (EHRs) of children who met criteria for hypertension. Logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with correct diagnosis. Diagnostic paths for 20 diagnosed children were extracted through chart review and analyzed.

Results
Among 1478 hypertensive children, only 85 were diagnosed (6.1%). Age ≥12 compared to age ≤6 was associated with correct diagnosis [odds ratio (OR) of 1.96, 95% confidence interval (CI) (1.16, 3.32)]. Diagnostic paths revealed that primary care providers (PCPs) make the diagnosis based on multiple readings over time and order laboratory tests appropriately.

Conclusions
Hypertension is missed in a large proportion of all children. Effective, systematic approaches to diagnosis are necessary.
Muslims in Sri Lankan language politics: A study of Tamil- and English-medium education
Authors: Davis Christina P. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractSri Lanka is a conflict-ridden postcolonial nation-state that was ravaged by a civil war. Largely excluded from mainstream representations of the ethnic conflict, Muslims constitute the country’s second largest minority group. In contrast to Sinhalas and Tamils, they define their ethnic identities on the basis of religion rather than language. In this article, I draw on research at a multilingual government school to explore how Muslim teachers and students made sense of Tamil- and English-medium education in relation to ethnic, religious, and class differences. I investigate how Tamil-medium Muslim teachers responded to critiques of their speech by asserting that their heterogeneous linguistic practices were inextricably connected to their distinct ethno-religious identities. Muslim students’ lack of fit with the ethnolinguistic affiliations presupposed by the school enabled them to embrace English-medium education. However, the English bilingual program complicated Muslims’ narratives of identity by underscoring the relevance of English to class dispositions. I argue that English impacts the fraught relations of Tamil and Sinhala to ethnopolitical identities and mediates everyday social relations.
On determining orthometric heights from a corrector surface model based on leveling observations, GNSS, and a geoid model
Authors: Kim Su-Kyung , Park Jihye , Gillins Daniel , Dennis Michael 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Leveling is a traditional geodetic surveying technique that has been used to realize a vertical datum. However, this technique is time consuming and prone to accumulate errors, where it relies on starting from one station with a known orthometric height. Establishing orthometric heights using Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) and a geoid model has been suggested [14], but this approach may involve less precisions than the direct measurements from leveling. In this study, an experimental study is presented to adjust the highly accurate leveling observations along with orthometric heights derived from GNSS observations and a geoid model. For the geoid model, the National Geodetic Survey’s gravimetric geoid model (TxGEOID16B) and hybrid geoid model (GEOID12B) were applied. Uncertainties in the leveled height differences, GNSS derived heights, and the geoid models were modeled, and a combined adjustment was implemented to construct the optimal combination of orthometric, ellipsoidal, and geoid height at each mark. As a result, the discrepancy from the published orthometric heights and the CSM (Corrector Surface Model) based adjusted orthometric heights with GEOID12B showed a mean and RMS of -8.5 mm and 16.6 mm, respectively, while TxGEOID16B had a mean and RMS of 28.9 mm and 34.6 mm, respectively. It should be emphasized that this approach was not influenced by the geodetic distribution of the stations where the correlation coefficients between the distance from the center of the surveying network and the discrepancy from the published heights using TxGEOID16B and GEOID12B are 0.03 and 0.36, respectively.