bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A model for high-mass microquasar jets under the influence of a strong stellar wind
Authors: Molina E. , del Palacio S. , Bosch-Ramon V. 
Published: August 2019

Context. High-mass microquasars (HMMQs) are systems from which relativistic jets are launched. At the scales of several times the binary system size, the jets are expected to follow a helical path caused by the interaction with a strong stellar wind and orbital motion. Such a trajectory has its influence on the non-thermal emission of the jets, which also depends strongly on the observing angle due to Doppler boosting effects.Aims. We explore how the expected non-thermal emission of HMMQ jets at small scales is affected by the impact of the stellar wind and the orbital motion on the jet propagation.Methods. We studied the broadband non-thermal emission, from radio to gamma rays, produced in HMMQ jets up to a distance of several orbital separations, taking into account a realistic jet trajectory, different model parameters, and orbital modulation. The jet trajectory is computed by considering momentum transfer with the stellar wind. Electrons are injected at the position where a recollimation shock in the jets is expected due to the wind impact. Their distribution along the jet path is obtained assuming local acceleration at the recollimation shock, and cooling via adiabatic, synchrotron, and inverse Compton processes. The synchrotron and inverse Compton emission is calculated taking into account synchrotron self-absorption within the jet, free-free absorption with the stellar wind, and absorption by stellar photons via pair production.Results. The spectrum is totally dominated by the jet over the counter-jet due to Doppler boosting. Broadband emission from microwaves to gamma rays is predicted, with radio emission being totally absorbed. This emission is rather concentrated in the regions close to the binary system and features strong orbital modulation at high energies. Asymmetric light curves are obtained owing to the helical trajectory of the jets.Conclusions. The presence of helical shaped jets could be inferred from asymmetries in the light curves, which become noticeable only for large jet Lorentz factors and low magnetic fields. Model parameters could be constrained if accurate phase-resolved light curves from GeV to TeV energies were available. The predictions for the synchrotron and the inverse Compton radiation are quite sensitive of the parameters determining the wind-jet interaction structure.
Acetabular liner dissociation: A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Parkar Asif A.H. , Sukeik Mohamed , El-Bakoury Ahmed , Powell James 
Published: August 2019

Dissociation of the polyethylene liner from the acetabular shell is a rare but catastrophic complication of total hip arthroplasty (THA). There have been reports of polyethylene liner dissociation (PLD) as well as ceramic liner dissociation (CLD) in the literature. Amongst the commonly used implants, liner dissociation has been reported with the Pinnacle (DePuy), Harris–Galante (Zimmer) and Trident (Stryker) acetabular components.
To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report of PLD in an R3 (Smith & Nephew) acetabular component. This case report highlights the implant choice for treatment of the liner dissociation and the role of constrained implants in such cases.
Evaluation der intratherapeutischen Dosimetrie bei der 177Lu-HA-DOTATATE Therapie neuroendokriner Tumoren mittels SPECT, Ganzkörperszintigraphie und Gammasonde
Authors: Leonhäuser Britta , Happel Christian , Gröner Daniel , Bockisch Benjamin , Fiebich Martin , Hellwig Dirk , Grünwald Frank , Kranert Wolfgang Tilman 
Published: August 2019

Zusammenfassung
Ziel Bei der Behandlung somatostatinrezeptor-exprimierender neuroendokriner Tumoren hat sich in den letzten Jahren die Peptidrezeptor-Radionuklidtherapie (PRRT) mit 177Lu-HA-DOTATATE als neue Möglichkeit entwickelt. Da außer Tumor und Metastasen auch die Nieren Somatostatinrezeptoren besitzen, die Aktivität in diesen akkumuliert, sind sie als Risikoorgane einzustufen und sollten dosimetrisch evaluiert werden. Die Bestimmung der Nierenaktivität aus planaren Aufnahmen ist durch Überlagerung der Nieren mit anderen Organen ungenau und führt zu ihrer Dosisüberschätzung. Ziel dieser Studie war es, den Beitrag der Nieren in den konjugierten Sichten ohne SPECT/CT in der individuellen Nierendosimetrie zu berücksichtigen.
Material und Methoden Für die Bestimmung der Nierendosis wurde ein Algorithmus entwickelt, der mit EXCEL (Microsoft) umgesetzt wurde. Die Patientenmessdaten aus drei Modalitäten einer individuell kalibrierten Gammasonde, einem Ganzkörperszintigramm und drei SPECT-Akquisitionen zu verschiedenen Zeitpunkten wurden hierfür zusammengeführt. Die Methode wurde mit Daten von 85 Nieren von Patienten, die mit 177Lu-HA-DOTATATE behandelt worden waren, evaluiert. Die Nierenvolumina wurden mittels CT-Volumetrie gewonnen.
Ergebnisse Der entwickelte Algorithmus kombiniert die Daten aus drei Modalitäten: Gamma-Sonde, SPECT und Ganzkörperszintigraphie. Der Quotient aus den Ereignissen der Nieren-VOI und der Anzahl der Ereignisse in der Nieren-ROI des koronaren Summationsbildes ist der Beitrag der Niere im Summationsbild und repräsentiert somit über die Kalibrierung aus der Ganzkörperszintigraphie die Aktivität in der Niere. Da die Abbildungseigenschaften in den SPECT-Akquisitionen zu den verschiedenen Zeiten konstant sind, folgt aus dem Verlauf der Zählraten in den jeweiligen Nieren-VOIs auch der Aktivitätsverlauf in den Nieren. Daraus kann über einen monoexponentiellen Fit der Aktivitätsausscheidung unter Berücksichtigung der Akkumulationskinetik die Nierendosis bestimmt werden. Der mittlere Anteil in der Niere, bezogen auf deren Projektion im Summationsbild, wurde mit 49 % (17 %–78 %) und 45 % (18 %–75 %) für die linke bzw. rechte Niere berechnet. Die sich daraus ergebenden Nierendosen lagen zwischen 0,13 und 0,77 Gy/GBq (Mittelwerte 0,36 Gy/GBq und 0,39 Gy/GBq für die linke und die rechte Niere).
Schlussfolgerung Die vorgestellte Methode eignet sich, um mit Gammasonde und Szintigraphie/SPECT (auch ohne SPECT/CT), eine individuelle Nierendosimetrie durchzuführen.
Current Treatment Options in Acute Limb Ischemia
Authors: Fluck Friederika , Augustin Anne Marie , Bley Thorsten , Kickuth Ralph 
Published: August 2019

Background Acute limb ischemia represents a clinical emergency with eventual limb loss and life-threatening consequences. It is characterized by a sudden decrease in limb perfusion. Acute ischemia is defined as a duration of symptoms for less than 14 days. Aging of the population increases the prevalence of acute limb ischemia. The two principal etiologies are arterial embolism and in situ thrombosis of an atherosclerotic artery. Immediate diagnosis, accurate assessment and urgent intervention when needed are crucial to save the limb and to prevent a major amputation. Delay in diagnosis and therapy may lead to irreversible ischemic damage.
Method To assess the current treatment options in acute limb ischemia, this review is based on a selective literature search in PubMed representing the current state of research.
Results and Conclusion Patients with acute limb ischemia should receive immediate anticoagulation. Treatment depends on the classification based on the degree of ischemia and limb viability. Especially acute (< 14 days symptom duration) Rutherford Categories IIa and IIb with marginally and immediately threatened limbs require definitive therapeutic intervention and are salvageable, if promptly revascularized. The current literature suggests that open surgical revascularization is more time effective then catheter-directed thrombolysis. However, with the advent of thrombolytic delivery systems and mechanical thrombectomy devices, treatment time can be minimized and successful utilization in patients with Category IIb (Rutherford Classification for Acute Limb Ischemia) has been reported with promising limb-salvage and survival rates. Large randomized studies are still missing, and guidelines suggest choosing the method of revascularization depending on anatomic location, etiology, and local practice patterns, with the time to restore the blood flow being an important factor to consider.
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Citation Format
Multiplexed protein force spectroscopy reveals equilibrium protein folding dynamics and the low-force response of von Willebrand factor
Authors: Löf Achim , Walker Philipp U. , Sedlak Steffen M. , Gruber Sophia , Obser Tobias , Brehm Maria A. , Benoit Martin , Lipfert Jan 
Published: August 2019

Significance
The physiological function of proteins is often critically regulated by mechanical forces acting on them. Single-molecule manipulation techniques such as atomic force microscopy or optical tweezers have enabled unprecedented insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying such force regulation. Current limitations include the resolution at low forces and low throughput. We here introduce a versatile, modular approach for force measurements on proteins in magnetic tweezers that allows for probing dozens of single molecules in parallel, in a wide force range including very low forces <1 pN. We demonstrate the utility of this assay by elucidating regulatory low-force transitions within von Willebrand factor, a vascular protein that is activated for its critical role in hemostasis by hydrodynamic forces in the bloodstream.
Sleep quality and cognitive impairment in older Chinese: Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study
Authors: MA Xiao Qing , Jiang Chao Qiang , Xu Lin , Zhang Wei Sen , Zhu Feng , Jin Ya Li , Thomas G Neil , Lam Tai Hing 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Background
evidence concerning the relationship between sleep quality and cognitive impairment is limited and inconsistent.

Objective
to examine the association of sleep quality with memory impairment and poor cognitive function in a large sample of older Chinese.

Methods
15,246 participants aged 50+ years of the Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study who attended the second physical examination from 2008 to 2012 were included. Sleep quality was assessed using Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and cognitive performance was assessed using both Delayed Word Recall Test (DWRT) and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Memory impairment was defined by DWRT score &lt; 4 and poor cognitive function by MMSE score &lt; 25.

Results
after adjusting for potential confounders, lower habitual sleep efficiency was associated with a higher risk of memory impairment and poor cognitive function with a dose-response pattern (both P for trend &lt;0.001). The adjusted odds ratio (OR, 95% confidence interval (CI)) for poor cognitive function in those with the sleep efficiency of 75–85%, 65–75% and &lt;65%, versus ≥85%, was 1.31 (1.12–1.53), 1.41 (1.16–1.73) and 1.33 (1.09–1.63), respectively. No association of the global PSQI score with memory impairment or poor cognitive function was found.

Conclusions
in older Chinese people, lower habitual sleep efficiency was associated with a higher risk of memory impairment and poorer cognitive function.
Detoured flight direction responses along the southwest coast of Lake Erie by night-migrating birds
Authors: Gesicki David V , Cech Erica L , Bingman Verner P 
Published: August 2019

AbstractMigratory birds encounter the Great Lakes while moving through eastern North America toward breeding grounds to the North, which offers a good opportunity to study variation in migratory behavior as birds face a potentially influencing topographical feature. Using passive infrared technology, we documented the direction of relatively low-flying, nocturnal, mostly passerine migration in spring along the southern coast of Lake Erie’s western basin. We examined the extent to which spring migrants flew across Lake Erie as a continuation of the inland, northeasterly broad front migratory direction, as determined by weather radar and infrared observations, or displayed a tendency to deviate to more closely follow the direction of the coastline. We found that an estimated 62% of all low-flying migrants deviated their flight directions toward the coast of Lake Erie at 2 coastal sites, Cedar Point and Ottawa, which were characterized by northwest–southeast oriented coastlines. Migrants at a third coastal location, Maumee Bay, which has a more east–west oriented coastline, did not display similarly deviated flight directions. We found that even when winds were energetically favorable for a lake crossing, many migrants still routinely displayed deviated flight directions that approached paralleling the coastline. Further, the mean flight direction at one site, Ottawa, shifted more in the direction of the coastline as the night progressed, suggesting that time of night could influence the shift to a more coastal flight direction. The data indicate that the western basin of Lake Erie acts as a salient topographical feature influencing the flight directions of nocturnal migrants. The data further suggest that birds are making active decisions while in flight, based on current environmental and physiological conditions, about whether to continue to cross Lake Erie or take a coastal detour.
Fitness heterogeneity in adult Snow and Ross’s geese: Survival is higher in females with brood patches
Authors: Calvert Anna M , Alisauskas Ray T , Kellett Dana K 
Published: August 2019

AbstractLife-history theory broadly predicts a fitness tradeoff between costs of raising offspring and parental survival. Waterfowl with precocial young face particularly high costs of egg production, incubation, and brood-rearing, but not all evidence supports a corresponding decline in survival. We used multi-state mark–recapture–recovery models to estimate annual probabilities of survival, reported mortality, and transition between 2 states for female Ross’s Geese (Anser rossii) and Lesser Snow Geese (A. caerulescens caerulescens) that attempted nesting near Karrak Lake, Nunavut, Canada. States were possession of a brood patch (high likelihood of successful nesting, “B”) vs. no brood patch (attempted nesting but failed, “N”). Based on over 43,000 birds marked from 2000 to 2015, we found that females of each species with a brood patch had consistently higher probabilities of survival than those without, subsequent to capture in early August. Virtually all of the state differences in survival were due to nonhunting mortality. These patterns are consistent with the concept of variable individual quality impacting vital rates across multiple seasons. Higher survival of females with brood patches may be linked to greater breeding success but also to a hypothesized dominance advantage afforded to family groups of geese during winter. Moreover, although hunting pressure can play a key role in regulating Arctic goose populations, it does not appear to affect this relationship between inferred breeding state and survival. Instead, coincident with recent declines in harvest rate in these populations, higher individual quality of breeding females appears to outweigh the higher hunting vulnerability of presumed parents with young. The potential influence of social dominance in reducing natural winter mortality among families may thus contribute to the survival advantage seen in successful, relative to failed, breeders.
A reinforcement-learning-based approach to enhance exhaustive protein loop sampling
Authors: Barozet Amélie , Molloy Kevin , Vaisset Marc , Siméon Thierry , Cortés Juan 
Published: August 2019

AbstractMotivationLoop portions in proteins are involved in many molecular interaction processes. They often exhibit a high degree of flexibility, which can be essential for their function. However, molecular modeling approaches usually represent loops using a single conformation. Although this conformation may correspond to a (meta-)stable state, it does not always provide a realistic representation.ResultsIn this paper, we propose a method to exhaustively sample the conformational space of protein loops. It exploits structural information encoded in a large library of three-residue fragments, and enforces loop-closure using a closed-form inverse kinematics solver. A novel reinforcement-learning-based approach is applied to accelerate sampling while preserving diversity. The performance of our method is showcased on benchmark datasets involving 9-, 12- and 15-residue loops. In addition, more detailed results presented for streptavidin illustrate the ability of the method to exhaustively sample the conformational space of loops presenting several meta-stable conformations.Availability and implementationWe are developing a software package called MoMA (for Molecular Motion Algorithms), which includes modeling tools and algorithms to sample conformations and transition paths of biomolecules, including the application described in this work. The binaries can be provided upon request and a web application will also be implemented in the short future.Supplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Immunodetection and quantification of enzymatic markers in theca cells: the early process of ovarian steroidogenesis†
Authors: Asiabi P , Leonel E C R , Marbaix E , Dolmans M M , Amorim C A 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe association between theca cells (TCs) and granulosa cells is pivotal to steroid biosynthesis in the ovary. During the late secondary follicle stage, TCs form a layer around granulosa cells, after which their steroidogenic function falls under the control of luteinizing hormone (LH) that activates the cAMP signaling pathway via a G protein-coupled receptor. In addition to perilipin-2, a marker for lipid droplets containing esters as substrates for TCs to produce steroidogenic hormones, other essential proteins, like steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR), cytochrome P450 11A1, cytochrome P450c17, 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/delta 5 —> 4-isomerase type 1, and 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/delta 5 —> 4-isomerase type 2, play a role in the cascade after luteinizing hormone–choriogonadotropic hormone receptor (LH/CG-R) occupation by LH. The aim of the present study was to assess expression levels and corresponding amounts of LH/CG-R, perilipin-2, and enzymes involved in the steroidogenic pathway of TCs based on follicle stage. Immunohistochemical analysis of each of these proteins was therefore performed on ovarian samples from nine adult women, most (n = 8) with BRCA1 and/or BRCA2 mutations undergoing prophylactic bilateral oophorectomy. Pictures were taken of the theca layer of secondary, small (<3000 μm), and large (>3000 μm) antral follicles and corpora lutea at 100× magnification. ImageJ software was used to analyze the surface area and expression intensity of each protein at each stage, known as the staining index. Overall, our data showed that LH/CG-R, perilipin-2, and StAR expression increased in the course of folliculogenesis and luteinization. Similarly, cytochrome P450 11A1, cytochrome P450c17, 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/delta 5 —> 4-isomerase type 1, and 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/delta 5 —> 4-isomerase type 2 expression were substantially elevated in TCs during folliculogenesis, evidenced by their coordinated action in terms of area covered and expression intensity. This study, conducted for the first time on human ovarian tissue, contributes to localizing and quantifying expression of key steroidogenic proteins at both intracellular and tissue levels. These findings may shed new light on pathological conditions involving the human ovary, such as androgen-secreting tumors of the ovary and other disorders associated with ovarian TCs in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome.
The long noncoding RNA PTENP1 regulates human endometrial epithelial adhesive capacity in vitro: implications in infertility
Authors: Takamura Masashi , Zhou Wei , Rombauts Luk , Dimitriadis Evdokia 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
There is general consensus that the synchronous development of the embryo and endometrium is absolutely essential for successful implantation. Recent studies have strongly suggested that embryo-secreted factors are able to deliver into the endometrial cavity/endometrium and alter its protein profile in preparation for implantation. However, there is limited research focusing on long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) changes in the endometrium that brought about by the embryonic derived factors. It has been suggested that lncRNA has intricate interplay with microRNA (miR), small (~19–22 nucleotides), non-protein-coding RNA, to regulate protein production in the endometrium, thus controlling adhesive capacity. Here through microarray assays, we compare the lncRNA profile of the primary human endometrial epithelial cells (HEECs) that have been precultured with blastocyst-conditioned media (BCM) from embryos that implanted versus nonimplanted. Our data indicate a substantial change of lncRNA expression in HEECs, including 9 up-regulated and 12 down-regulated lncRNAs after incubation with implanted BCM. Selective knockdown of PTENP1, the most increased lncRNA after implanted BCM treatment in the HEECs, compromised the spheroid adhesion (P &lt; 0.001). Characterization of PTENP1 confirmed its expression in the luminal epithelium with staining appeared most intense in the midsecretory phase. Furthermore, we have recorded a substantial change of miR profile upon PTENP1 knockdown in HEECs. Overexpression of miR-590-3p, a novel predicted target of PTENP1, impaired spheroid adhesion (P &lt; 0.001). Collectively, these data have supported a novel regulation system that lncRNAs were able to participate in the regulation of implantation through association with miRs.
The Effect of Helminth Infections and Their Treatment on Metabolic Outcomes: Results of a Cluster-Randomized Trial
Authors: Sanya Richard E , Webb Emily L , Zziwa Christopher , Kizindo Robert , Sewankambo Moses , Tumusiime Josephine , Nakazibwe Esther , Oduru Gloria , Niwagaba Emmanuel , Nakawungu Prossy Kabuubi , Kabagenyi Joyce , Nassuuna Jacent , Walusimbi Bridgious , Andia-Biraro Irene , Elliott Alison M 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Background
Helminths may protect against cardiometabolic risk through effects on inflammation and metabolism; their treatment may be detrimental to metabolic outcomes.

Methods
In a cluster-randomized trial in 26 Ugandan fishing communities we investigated effects of community-wide intensive (quarterly single-dose praziquantel, triple-dose albendazole) vs standard (annual single-dose praziquantel, biannual single-dose albendazole) anthelminthic treatment on metabolic outcomes, and observational associations between helminths and metabolic outcomes. The primary outcome, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and secondary outcomes (including blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, lipids) were assessed after 4 years' intervention among individuals aged ≥10 years.

Results
We analyzed 1898 participants. Intensive treatment had no effect on HOMA-IR (adjusted geometric mean ratio, 0.96 [95% confidence interval {CI}, .86–1.07]; P = .42) but resulted in higher mean low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) (2.86 vs 2.60 mmol/L; adjusted mean difference, 0.26 [95% CI, −.03 to .56]; P = .08). Lower LDL-c levels were associated with Schistosoma mansoni (2.37 vs 2.80 mmol/L; −0.25 [95% CI, −.49 to −.02]; P = .04) or Strongyloides (2.34 vs 2.69 mmol/L; −0.32 [95% CI, −.53 to −.12]; P = .003) infection. Schistosoma mansoni was associated with lower total cholesterol (4.24 vs 4.64 mmol/L; −0.25 [95% CI, −.44 to −.07]; P = .01) and moderate to heavy S. mansoni infection with lower triglycerides, LDL-c, and diastolic blood pressure.

Conclusions
Helminth infections improve lipid profiles and may lower blood pressure. Studies to confirm causality and investigate mechanisms may contribute to understanding the epidemiological transition and suggest new approaches to prevent cardiometabolic disease.

Clinical Trials Registration
ISRCTN47196031.