bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
INTERESTERIFICAÇÃO DO ÓLEO DE CRAMBE COM ADIÇÃO DE SOLUÇÃO AQUOSA DE ÁCIDO ACÉTICO AO MEIO REACIONAL
Authors: Postaue Najla , Julio Iwassa Isabela , Da Silva Camila 
Published: June 2019

A interesterificação permite a obtenção de ésteres livre de glicerol, com a produção da triacetina, que pode ainda ser utilizada como aditivo ao biocombustível. A fim de potencializar a produção de ésteres e triacetina a inserção de aditivos a reação tem sido abordada. O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito de adicionar solução aquosa de ácido acético 26% (SA26%) em 5 e 10% (em relação a massa de óleo) sobre o rendimento em ésteres e teor de triacetina, bem como verificar seu efeito sobre os ésteres individuais, variando a temperatura da reação de 300 a 325 °C e tempo de residência entre 10 a 30 minutos. Para a maioria das reações conduzidas com SA(26%) a 300 °C houve maior produção de ésteres, se comparadas as reações sem o aditivo (p<0,05). Os resultados demonstraram que as reações conduzidas com SA26% permitiram elevar os rendimentos de ésteres em até 45%. Foi possível constatar ainda conversão completa dos triglicerídeos em ésteres com apenas 20 min de reação, com 10% de SA(26%) 300 °C. O aumento da temperatura resultou em maior rendimento inicial (10 min), contudo foi observada redução dos ésteres individuais analisados, sendo que, dentre estes o linoleato se mostrou mais susceptível a decomposição térmica. AbstractThe interesterification allows the production of esters free of glycerol, with the production of triacetin, which can still be used as an additive to biofuel. In order to potentiate the esters and triacetin production the insertion of additives into the reaction has been approached. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of adding aqueous solution of acetic acid 26% (SA26%) in 5 and 10% (relative to oil mass) on the ester yield and triacetin content, as well as to verify its effect on obtaining the individual esters, varying the reaction temperature from 300 to 325 °C and residence time between 10 to 30 minutes. For the majority of the reactions conducted with SA26% at 300 °C there was higher ester production, when compared with the reactions without the additive (p<0.05). The results showed that the reactions conducted with SA26% allowed to raise ester yields by up to 45%. It was also possible to verify complete conversion of the triglycerides to esters with only 20 min of reaction, with 10% of SA26% at 300 °C. The increase in temperature resulted in a higher initial yield (10 min), however, a reduction of the individual esters analyzed was observed, with linoleate being more susceptible to thermal decomposition.
Using of probabilistic methods for current loads estimation in traction circuit components
Authors: Bur’yanovaty Arkady , Varentsov Valery 
Published: June 2019

Objective: To develop the method of calculating the electrical loads on the traction circuit components, by using data of train traffic schedule, considering the train weight differences and real-life modes of its traction under the variety of track profile, speed limitations and other parameters of traction and external electric power supply systems. Methods: To determine the mean values and dispersion of current for power supply line of traction circuit, based on the experimental runs and data from movement parameters recorders of locomotives, by type and weight of trains, the methods of probability theory and mathematic statistics were used. The current, consumed by the trains, is considered to be a random variable. Current loads of the trains is put into fixed weight, that allows to obtain statistical expectation and correlation function. Results: The ratios obtained allow to estimate general mean and effective values by sampled values within confidence limits. The paper provides the conditions, under with the current consumption functions have	ergodic property cap. It also states the recommendations for train rating, based on its weight. The statistical expectations and mean square deviations of currents of traction power supply components. Practical importance: The load estimations are adjusted, that allows to determine the parameters of power circuits of electric railways in a more substantiated way. Obtained equations allow to determine the possibility of current loads bigger than given value, that should be considered while choosing the capacity of transformers, rectifiers, compensating devices, inverters, power supply and earth leads. Thus, it is possible to reach the required reliability of equipment operation and cost effectiveness of decisions.
Pengaruh Profitabilitas dan Firm Size Terhadap Firm Value dengan Capital Structure Sebagai Variabel Mediasi
Authors: Veno Andri , Marpaung Muslim 
Published: June 2019

This study aims to analyze the effect of profitability and firm size on firm value mediated by capital structure. The research design was a comparative causal approach (ex post facto) by testing the hypothesis analysis carried out using the component-based Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) method or non-parametric variance (Component Based SEM), Generalized Structured Component Analysis (GSCA). The data was collected from companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange which are included in the LQ-45 index from 2014 until August 2018. In analyzing the data, the writers used multiple linear regression using the assistance of the GSCA program. The result showed that capital structure is proved as an intervening variable for the influence of profitability on firm value. It means that capital structure mediates the effect of profitability on firm value in full mediation. Meanwhile, capital structure is not an intervening variable for the influence of firm size on firm value. The Capital structure does not mediate the effect of firm size on firm value in full mediation.
STUDI EKONOMI SYARIAH TENTANG PERUBAHAN PP NO 46 TAHUN 2013 KE PP NO 23 TAHUN 2018
Authors: Mawadah Sokhikhatul 
Published: June 2019

<p> </p><p><em>Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) are one of the drivers of the Indonesian economy. The MSME sector is proven to be able to survive in the midst of the economic crisis in Indonesia. At present, the growth of MSMEs from year to year continues to increase. The more rapid development of MSMEs in Indonesia will cause more contribution to the receipt of the country's Gross Domestic Product. This is where MSMEs become a sector that will have a large potential in the amount of tax revenue. The tax incentive policy for MSMEs previously regulated in Government Regulation Number 46 of 2013 provided that the final tax rate imposed on MSMEs is 1 percent of gross income. However, at present, the regulation has been amended and replaced with Government Regulation Number 23 of 2018, where the final tax rate for MSME players is only 0.5 percent of gross income. If viewed from a sharia economic perspective, a decrease in taxes is a form of government justice for MSME actors, because basically businesses run by MSMEs do not always bring profits, so that a high tax rate can burden them. This is in accordance with the general goal of implementing the economic system, namely to realize prosperity and peace for the entire community. This study aims to provide a critical review of how much the effect of changes in PP on final income tax rates for MSMEs is seen from the literature review involving several Islamic elements. The methodology in this study is qualitative descriptive. Discussion refers to previous research and results from literature studies.</em><em></em></p><p><span lang="EN-ID"><span style="font-size: medium;">.</span></span></p>
ANALISIS DAMPAK PP NO.109 TAHUN 2012 TERHADAP KINERJA PT. GUDANG GARAM, TBK DAN SOSIAL EKONOMI KOTA KEDIRI (STUDI KOMPARASI SEBELUM DAN SESUDAH DITERAPKANNYA PP NO. 109 TAHUN 2012)
Authors: Fatmawatie Naning 
Published: June 2019

<p align="center"><strong> </strong></p><p><em>This study aims to analyze the financial performance of PT. Gudang Garam, Tbk before and after the application of PP No. 109 of 2012 and analyze the socio-economic status of the city of Kediri before and after the application of PP No. 109 of 2012. The type of research used in this study is to use descriptive research methods with a qualitative approach. The results of this study indicate that the financial performance of PT. Gudang Garam, Tbk before the stipulation of PP No. 109/2012 as follows: The company is quite consistent in maintaining the rotation of its supply to generate profits from year to year. And it can be said that for 10 years, the company has experienced a steady increase in achieving a proportional level of sales. As for the financial performance of PT. Gudang Garam, Tbk after the enactment of PP No. 109/2012 as follows: For income, debt to equity ratio, profit before tax, net income, assets and equity tend to experience an increase. Socio-economic before the enactment of PP No. 109/2012 as follows: The population of the city of Kediri has increased. The rate of population growth is mainly driven by the factors of relative high birth rates and factors of population migration from outside the city to the City of Kediri because this region has a socio-economic appeal that is relatively better than the surrounding areas. While socio-economic after the enactment of PP No. 109/2012 as follows: In 2014 the city of Kediri ranked first in the highest unemployment in East Java. The reason is that in 2014 there were massive layoffs from PT. Gudang Garam. However, the positive impact of these layoffs is that employees who are laid off turn their professions into entrepreneurs in MSMEs. This condition makes the social economy of the city of Kediri more conducive.</em><em></em></p><p><strong> </strong></p>
KONSTRUKSI POLA PEMBELAJARAN BAGI GURU PADA ANAK-ANAK DIFABEL DAN DISABILITAS BERBASIS PENDIDIKAN PARENTIING
Authors: Khomsiyatun Umi 
Published: June 2019

<p><strong>Abstract: <em>CONSTRUCTION OF LEARNING PATTERNS FOR TEACHERS IN DIFABLES AND PARENTIING EDUCATION-BASED CHILDREN. </em></strong><em>Children basically have the same rights. The right to grow, develop, get proper education, and other rights No exception with imperfect children. Both seen from the physical and mental. In this study discussed about learning patterns for teachers for children with disabilities and disabilities. The method in this study is to use analysis descriptions. This type of research is library research with a qualitative approach. Data collection techniques in this study are library research and documentation. Data analysis techniques in this study used descriptive analysis of the construction of parenting education in children with disabilities and disabilities. So that they get a description of how the construction of parenting education for children with disabilities and sisability. From the results of this study it can be seen that the construction or pattern of parenting education for educators for children with disabilities and disabilities is four. First, large group meetings, parent conferences, parent support groups, and home visits.<strong></strong></em></p><p> </p><p><strong>ABSTRAK: </strong><em>Anak pada hakikatnya mempunyai hak yang sama. Hak untuk tumbuh, berkembang, mendapat pendidikan yang layak, dan hak-hak lainnya tidak terkecuali dengan anak-anak tidak sempurna. Baik yang dilihat dari fisik maupun mental. Dalam penelitian ini membahas mengenai konstruksi pola pembelajaran bagi guru untuk anak-anak difabel dan disabilitas. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah menggunakan deskripsi analisis. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kepustakaan (Library research) dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini adalah studi pustaka (library research) dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data pada penelitian ini menggunakan analisis deskriptif tentang konstruksi pendidikan parenting pada anak difabel dan disabilita. Sehingga mendapatkan suatu pendeskripsian mengenai bagaimana konstruksi pendidikan parenting untuk anak difabel dan sisabilitas. Dari hasil kajian ini dapat diketahui kontruksi atau pola pendidikan parenting bagi pendidik untuk anak yang difabel dan disabilitas yaitu ada empat. Pertama, large groups meetings, parent conferences, parent supprots groups, dan home visit.</em><strong></strong></p>
Problem-solving learning influence on physics learning outcomes based on logical thinking ability of X graders of SMKN 6 Malang
Authors: Mahmudi Haris , Muhardjito Muhardjito , Kusairi Sentot 
Published: June 2019

Problem solving learning is designed to develop students’ ability in solving scientific problem. The purpose of this study is to test the effectiveness of problem solving model on students’ learning outcomes and logical thinking ability. It employed a quasi-experiment with a 2x2 factorial design. The subject was Tenth graders of SMKN 6 Malang. Randomly, it determined two classes of control class and two classes of experimental class. The instrument of this research was logical thiniing test instrument and Physics learning outcome instrument. In addition, it used lesson plan on static fluid as an instrument. Normality and homogenity testing were employed before testing the formulated hypothesis. It employed Liliefors for normality testing and Bartlett for homogenity testing. To test the hypothesis, this research employed Two-ways of ANAVA and Scheffe testing. The results show that (1) Physics learning outcomes of students who learnt by means of problem-solving learning strategy is higher than students who learnt by means of conventional one. (2) It affirms the interaction between problem-solving learning strategy and logical thinking ability of students on Physics learning outcomes. (3) Physics learning outcomes of students who learnt by means of problem-solving learning strategy with high logical thinking ability is higher than students who learnt by means of conventional one. (4) Physics learning outcomes of students who learnt by means of problem-solving learning strategy with low logical thinking ability is higher than students who learnt by means of conventional one.
Measurements of Periodic Signals Phase Shifts with Application of Direct Digital Synthesis
Authors: Gula I. V. , Polikarovskykh O. I. , Horiashchenko K. I. , Karpova I. V. , Melnychuk V. M. 
Published: June 2019

The development of new methods and high-bit instruments for measuring phase shifts of high-frequency periodic signals with high speed for radar and radionavigation tasks is an actual task. The purpose of this work is to create a new phase shift meter for high-frequency periodic signals based on the double-matching method using direct digital frequency synthesis.On the basis of the proposed mathematical model of phase shift measurements of periodic signals by the method of double coincidence using the statistical accumulation of pulse coincidences, a functional diagram of a digital phase shift meter of periodic signals using a direct digital frequency synthesizer is developed. This allowed the implementation of an 8-bit converter phase shift signal to the code on the programmed logic integrated circuit EPM240T100C5N firm Altera.The digital phase shift meter of periodic signals based on the double-matching method consists of two comparators, two short-wave pulse generators, a direct digital frequency synthesizer, two pulse counter control circuits, two short pulse coincidence circuits, two pulse counting circuits, four clock counters, four registers, a microcontroller and an indicator. Block diagram of a double-matching digital phase meter using direct digital sintesizer use minimal hardware logic.In the developed phase shift meter, due to the use of the double-matching method, the time delay between signals does not depend on the period of input signals and can be found when changing the frequency of periodic pulses in wide limits. Measurement errors will be determined mainly by the duration of the pulses of coincidence. The use of statistical accumulation of pulse coincidence in the basis of the work allowed eliminating the restrictions on the duration of pulses of known non-ionic meters.On the basis of the obtained results, a high-bit converter of phase shifts of high-frequency periodic signals into a binary code with high speed for problems of industrial tomography, radar and radionavigation can be developed.
Measurement and Real Time Analysis of Local Damage in Wear-and-Fatigue Tests
Authors: Sherbakov S. S. 
Published: June 2019

In rolling fatigue tests the approach of the axes is usually measured once per cycle or for several loading cycles because of the difficulties of processing a large amount of data in multi-cycle testing. The aim of this work was the development and tests of smoothing model for measured by the SZ-01 center time series experimental data using wavelet transform.With the help of the SZ center, the frictional moment in the roller/shaft system was measured allowing for studying the change in the coefficient of rolling resistance as a function of the level of the contact and non-contact bending load during wear-fatigue tests. Also the axes approach of the contacting bodies (roller and shaft) was measured at eight points on the raceway circumference in one cycle. This allowed studying the heterogeneity of local damages under conditions of rolling and mechano-rolling fatigue. When developing a software module for smoothing a large amount of experimental data from the test center, various methods of time series smoothing were used: moving average; exponential moving average; wavelet transform and moving average applied to the differences of the wavelet coefficients; wavelet transform and exponential moving average applied to the difference of the wavelet coefficients.The results of numerical simulation showed that the best approximation to the original series was provided by the wavelet transform using an exponential moving average to smooth the differences between the coefficients of the wavelet transform.The use of a software module based on this model in SZ-01 center allowed smoothing the time series characterizing the change of roller and shaft axes approach and torque.
The Antihypertensive Drug Nifedipine Modulates the Metabolism of Chondrocytes and Human Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Authors: Uzieliene Ilona , Bernotiene Eiva , Urbonaite Greta , Denkovskij Jaroslav , Bagdonas Edvardas , Mackiewicz Zygmunt , Porvaneckas Narunas , Kvederas Giedrius , Mobasheri Ali 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Aging is associated with the development of various chronic diseases, in which both hypertension and osteoarthritis (OA) are dominant. Currently, there is no effective treatment for OA, whereas hypertension is often treated using L-type voltage-operated calcium channel (VOCC) blocking drugs, nifedipine being among the most classical ones. Although nifedipine together with other VOCC inhibitors plays an important role in people wellbeing, there are unresolved questions on its possible effect on cartilage tissue homeostasis and the development of OA. Due to that, the aim of this study was to analyse the effects of nifedipine on metabolic processes in human chondrocytes and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs). To analyze whether those events were mediated specifically through VOCC, agonist BayK8644 was used. Our results demonstrate that nifedipine downregulated chondrocyte proliferation rate as well as mitochondrial respiration and ATP production (Agilent Seahorse) in both cell types. Analysis of cartilage explant histological sections by electron microscopy also suggested that part of mitochondria lose their activity in response to nifedipine.However, switch of energetic metabolic pathway towards glycolytic was observed only in chondrocytes. Stimulation with either nifedipine or BayK8644 resulted in elevated production of collagen type II and proteoglycans in micromass cultures under chondrogenic condition, although the effects of VOCC inhibitor Bay8466 were less expressed. Nitric oxide (NO) activity, as measured by flow cytometry, was upregulated by nifedipine in BMMSCs and particularly chondrocytes, suggesting that NO at least in part may account for the effects of nifedipine on metabolism in both tested cell types.Taken together, we conclude that antihypertensive drug nifedipine inhibits mitochondrial respiration in both chondrocytes and BMMSCs and that these effects may be associated with increased NO accumulation and pro-inflammatory activity. Glycolytic capacity was enhanced only in chondrocytes, suggesting that these cells have the capacity to switch from oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis and alter their metabolic activity in response to VOCC inhibition. Finally, nifedipine stimulated production of collagen type II and proteoglycans in both cell types, implying its potentially beneficial anabolic effects on articular cartilage. These results highlight a potential link between consumption of antihypertensive drugs and cartilage health
Seven-day services in surgery and weekend effect at a Japanese teaching hospital: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Matoba Masaaki , Suzuki Takashi , Ochiai Hirotaka , Shirasawa Takako , Yoshimoto Takahiko , Minoura Akira , Sano Hitomi , Ishii Mizue , Kokaze Akatsuki , Otake Hiroshi , Kasama Tsuyoshi , Kamijo Yumi 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Background

Hospitals deliver 24-hour, 7-day care on a 5-day workweek model, as fewer resources are available on weekends. In prior studies, poorer outcome with weekend admission or surgery was observed. The purpose of this study was to investigate if 7-day service at a hospital affects the likelihood of the “weekend effect” in surgery. The 7-day service included outpatient consultations, diagnostic examinations, and elective surgeries.

Methods

This was a retrospective cohort study of patients who underwent surgery between April 2014 and October 2016 at an academic medical centre in Tokyo, Japan. The main outcome measure was thirty-day in-hospital mortality from the index surgery. The characteristics of the participants were compared using the Mann–Whitney U test or the chi-squared test as appropriate. Logistic regression was used to test for differences in the mortality rate between the two groups, and propensity score adjustments were made.

Results

A total of 7442 surgeries were identified, of which, 1386 (19%) took place on the weekend. Of the 947 emergency surgeries, 25% (235) were performed on the weekend. The mortality following emergency weekday surgery was 21‰ (15/712), compared with 55‰ (13/235) following weekend surgery. Of the 6495 elective surgeries, 18% (1151) were performed on the weekend. The mortality following elective weekday surgery was 2.3‰ (12/5344), compared with 0.87‰ (1/1151) following weekend surgery. After adjustment, weekend surgeries were associated with an increased risk of death, especially in the emergency setting (emergency odds ratio: 2.7, 95% confidence interval: 1.2–6.5 vs. elective odds ratio: 0.4, 95% confidence interval: 0.05–3.2).

Conclusions

Patients undergoing surgery on weekends had higher 30-day mortality than did those undergoing surgery on weekdays, especially in the emergency setting. These findings have potential implications for health administrators and policy makers who may try to restructure the hospital workweek or consider weekend elective surgery.