bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk of ischaemic stroke in patients with migraine: a longitudinal follow-up study using a national sample cohort in South Korea
Authors: Lee Sang-Yeon , Lim Jae-Sung , Oh Dong Jun , Kong Il Gyu , Choi Hyo Geun 
Published: April 2019

ObjectiveAccumulating evidence has supported the association between migraine and stroke, but the causative association remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the risks of different types of stroke in patients with migraine.DesignA longitudinal follow-up study.SettingData collected from a national cohort between 2002 and 2013 by the South Korea Health Insurance Review and Assessment.ParticipantsWe extracted the data from patients with migraine (n=41 585) and 1:4 matched controls (n=1 66 340) and analysed the occurrence of ischaemic and haemorrhagic strokes. The migraine group included participants treated for migraine (International Classification of Disease-10 (ICD-10): G43)≥2 times. Haemorrhagic stroke (I60-I62) and ischaemic stroke (I63) were determined based on the admission histories. The crude and adjusted HRs were calculated using Cox proportional hazard models, and the 95% CI were determined. Subgroup analyses stratified by age and sex were also performed.ResultsHigher rates of ischaemic stroke were observed in the migraine group (2.3% [964/41,585]) than in the control group (2.0% [3294/166 340], P<0.001). The adjusted HR for ischaemic stroke was 1.18 (95% CI=1.10 to 1.26) in the migraine group (P<0.001). Compared with control subjects, participants who reported migraine with aura and migraine without aura had increased adjusted HRs of 1.44 (95% CI=1.09 to 1.89) and 1.15 (95% CI=1.06 to 1.24), respectively, for ischaemic stroke, but no increased risk of haemorrhagic stroke. In our subgroup analysis, a strong association between migraine and ischaemic stroke was observed in young patients, specifically young women. The contribution of migraine to the occurrence of ischaemic stroke was also observed in middle-aged women and old women (each P<0.05). The risk of haemorrhagic stroke did not reach statistical significance in any age group.ConclusionMigraine is associated with an increased risk of ischaemic stroke, but not haemorrhagic stroke.
Optimising patient active role with a user-centred eHealth platform (CONCERTO+) in chronic diseases management: a study protocol for a pilot cluster randomised controlled trial
Authors: Gagnon Marie-Pierre , Ndiaye Mame Awa , Larouche Alain , Chabot Guylaine , Chabot Christian , Buyl Ronald , Fortin Jean-Paul , Giguère Anik , Leblanc Annie , Légaré France , Motulsky Aude , Sicotte Claude , Witteman Holly O , Kavanagh Eric , Lépinay Frédérick , Roberge Jacynthe , Délétroz Carole , Abbasgholizadeh-Rahimi Samira 
Published: April 2019

IntroductionMultimorbidity increases care needs and primary care use among people with chronic diseases. The Concerto Health Program (CHP) has been developed to optimise chronic disease management in primary care services. However, in its current version, the CHP primarily targets clinicians and does not aim to answer directly patients’ and their informal caregivers’ needs for chronic disease management. Various studies have shown that interventions that increase patient activation level are associated with better health outcomes. Furthermore, educational tools must be adapted to patients and caregivers in terms of health literacy and usability. This project aims to develop, implement and evaluate a user-centred, multifunctional and personalised eHealth platform (CONCERTO+) to promote a more active patient role in chronic disease management and decision-making.Methods and analysisThis project uses a collaborative research approach, aiming at the personalisation of CHP through three phases: (1) the development of one module of an eHealth platform based on scientific evidence and user-centred design; (2) a feasibility study of CONCERTO+ through a pilot cluster randomised controlled trial where patients with chronic diseases from a primary healthcare practice will receive CONCERTO+ during 6 months and be compared to patients from a control practice receiving usual care and (3) an analysis of CONCERTO+ potential for scaling up. To do so, we will conduct two focus groups with patients and informal caregivers and individual interviews with health professionals at the two study sites, as well as health care managers, information officers and representatives of the Ministry of Health.Ethics and disseminationThis study received ethical approval from Ethics Committee of Université Laval. The findings will be used to inform the effectiveness of CONCERTO+ to improve management care in chronic diseases. We will disseminate findings through presentations in scientific conferences and publication in peer-reviewed journals.Trial registration numberNCT03628963; Pre-results.
Requested withdrawal of mechanical ventilation in six patients with motor neuron disease
Authors: Messer Ben , Armstrong Alison , Doris Thomas , Williams Tim 
Published: April 2019

ObjectivesMechanical ventilation (MV) has been shown to improve survival and quality of life in motor neuron disease (MND). However, during the progression of MND, there may come a point when MV is no longer felt appropriate. Association of Palliative Medicine Guidelines have been recently published to help clinicians withdraw MV at the request of patients with MND in a safe and compassionate manner to ensure that symptoms of distress and dyspnoea are minimised.MethodsIn this report, we discuss the palliative and ventilatory management of six ventilator-dependent patients with MND who had requested the withdrawal of MV as part of their end-of-life care.ResultsWe have withdrawn MV from six patients with MND at their request and our practice has been influenced by the Association of Palliative Medicine Guidelines.ConclusionWithdrawal of MV in MND at a patient’s request is challenging but is also a fundamental responsibility of healthcare teams. We discuss the lessons we have learnt which will influence our practice and help other teams in the future.
Factors influencing palliative care in advanced dementia: a systematic review
Authors: Mataqi Mona , Aslanpour Zoe 
Published: April 2019

BackgroundDementia is a progressive neurodegenerative life-limiting disease. The international literature indicates that patients with advanced dementia can benefit from palliative care (PC) provided during the end-of-life phase. However, evidence indicates that currently many fail to access such provision despite the increased recognition of their palliative needs.AimTo investigate the factors influencing provision of PC services for people with advanced dementia.MethodsA systematic review of mixed method studies written in English was undertaken. 11 electronic databases including Embase, Medline, PubMed,CINAHLand Scopus from 2008 to 2018 were searched. Narrative synthesis and content analysis were used to analyse and synthesise the data.Key findingsIn total, 34 studies were included. 25 studies providing qualitative data, 6 providing quantitative data and 3 mixed methods studies. The findings identified organisational, healthcare professionals and patients-related barriers and facilitators in provision of PC for people with advanced dementia from perspective of stakeholders across different care settings. The most commonly reported barriers are lack of skills and training opportunities of the staff specific to PC in dementia, lack of awareness that dementia is a terminal illness and a palliative condition, pain and symptoms assessment/management difficulties, discontinuity of care for patients with dementia and lack of coordination across care settings, difficulty communicating with the patient and the lack of advance care planning.ConclusionsEven though the provision of PC was empirically recognised as a care step in the management of dementia, there are barriers that hinder access of patients with dementia to appropriate facilities. With dementia prevalence rising and no cure on the horizon, it is crucial that health and social care regulatory bodies integrate a palliative approach into their care using the identified facilitators to achieve optimal and effective PC in this population.
Preferences for a good death: a cross-sectional survey in advanced cancer patients
Authors: Hou Xiaoting , Lu Yuhan , Yang Hong , Guo Renxiu , Wang Yun , Wen Lihong , Zhang Yaru , Sun Hongyu 
Published: April 2019

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to describe preferences for a good death among Chinese patients with advanced cancer and then to explore factors contributing to their preferences including patient demographics and disease variables.MethodsA convenience sample of 275 patients with advanced cancer was recruited from a tertiary cancer hospital in Beijing, China, between February and December 2017. A Chinese version of the Good Death Inventory (GDI) was used to measure patients’ preferences for dying and death. Besides, data were collected using a multi-itemed questionnaire focusing on demographic and disease characteristics of patients.ResultsOf the 275 questionnaires returned, 248 responses were analysed (effective response rate 90.2%). According to the total scores for each of the 20 domains, the five most important domains of a good death were: good relationship with family (19.80±2.39), independence (19.66±2.56), maintaining hope and pleasure (19.56±2.55), good relationship with medical staff (18.92±3.73), not being a burden to others (18.89±3.30). Patients’ characteristics including age, educational status, religious belief, medical payment types, family economic status, past experiences of the death of others, the period since cancer diagnosis, past experiences of hospitalisation and subjective physical condition influenced their preferences for a good death (all p<0.05).ConclusionsWe had an in-depth knowledge and understanding of their preferences for good death among Chinese patients with advanced cancer. Meanwhile, we found some patients’ factors contributed to different preferences for a good death. These findings have the potential to guide hospice care services aimed at achieving a good death for patients with advanced cancer.
Enhanced photosensitivity of highly spectrum selective cylindrical gate In1−xGaxAs nanowire MOSFET photodetector
Authors: Sharma Sanjeev Kumar , Raj Balwinder , Khosla Mamta 
Published: April 2019

In this study, an [Formula: see text] nanowire metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET) photosensor with zinc oxide (metallic ZnO), which act as a transparent optical window over channel has been investigated. The electrical characterization of [Formula: see text] nanowire MOSFET was compared to their silicon counterpart. [Formula: see text] nanowire MOSFET responds to visible-near infrared (600 nm to 1.7 nm) under light illumination as opposite to silicon nanowire MOSFET, which respond to ultraviolet to visible spectra (Peak @ 400 nm). ZnO–[Formula: see text]–InGaAs device is characterized by responsivity [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text], photoconductive gain of [Formula: see text]%, with reasonable available photocurrent of [Formula: see text] and sensitivity [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text]. The present work demonstrates the potential for high performance visible to near-infrared [Formula: see text] detectors with tunable band gaps for applications like interactive display, indoor communication and optical sensors.
microRNA-33a prevents epithelial-mesenchymal transition, invasion, and metastasis of gastric cancer cells through the Snail/Slug pathway
Authors: Chen Di-Di , Cheng Jiang-Ting , Chandoo Arvine , Sun Xiang-Wei , Zhang Liang , Lu Ming-Dong , Sun Wei-Jian , Huang Ying-Peng 
Published: April 2019

Invasion and metastasis are responsible for the majority of deaths in gastric cancer (GC). microRNA-33a (miR-33a) might function as a tumor suppressor in multiple cancers. Here, we describe the regulation and function of miR-33a in GC and mechanisms involved in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and metastasis. First, GC tissues and adjacent normal tissues were collected. miR-33a upregulation or SNAI2 depletion on GC cells were introduced to assess the detailed regulatory mechanism of them. We assessed the expression of miR-33a, SNAI2, Snail/Slug signaling pathway-related genes, and EMT-related markers in GC tissues and cells. miR-33a distribution in GC tissues and adjacent normal tissues was measured. Cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and cell cycle distribution were assessed. In nude mice, GC tumor growth and lymph node metastasis were observed. Furthermore, the predicative value of miR-33a in the prognosis of GC patients was evaluated. The obtained results indicated that lowly expressed miR-33a, highly expressed SNAI2, activated Snail/Slug, and increased EMT were identified in GC tissues. miR-33a was located mainly in the cytoplasm. miR-33a targeted and negatively regulated SNAI2. MKN-45 and MKN-28 cell lines were selected for in vitro experiments. Upregulated miR-33a expression or siRNA-mediated silencing of SNAI2 suppressed the activation of Snail/Slug, whereby GC cell proliferation, invasion and migration, EMT, tumor growth, and lymph node metastasis were inhibited. High expression of miR-33a was a protective factor influencing the prognosis of GC. This study suggests that miR-33a inhibited EMT, invasion, and metastasis of GC through the Snail/Slug signaling pathway by modulating SNAI2 expression. NEW & NOTEWORTHY miR-33a targets and inhibits the expression of SNAI2, overexpression of SNAI2 activates the Snail/Slug signaling pathway, the Snail/Slug signaling pathway promotes GC cell proliferation, invasion, and metastasis, and overexpression of miR-33a inhibits cell proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. This study provides a new therapeutic target for the treatment of GC.
Current Prevalence of Major Cancer Risk Factors and Screening Test Use in the United States: Disparities by Education and Race/Ethnicity
Authors: Goding Sauer Ann , Siegel Rebecca L. , Jemal Ahmedin , Fedewa Stacey A. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractOverall cancer death rates in the United States have declined since 1990. The decline could be accelerated by eliminating socioeconomic and racial disparities in major risk factors and screening utilization. We provide an updated review of the prevalence of modifiable cancer risk factors, screening, and vaccination for U.S. adults, focusing on differences by educational attainment and race/ethnicity. Individuals with lower educational attainment have higher prevalence of modifiable cancer risk factors and lower prevalence of screening versus their more educated counterparts. Smoking prevalence is 6-fold higher among males without a high school (HS) education than female college graduates. Nearly half of women without a college degree are obese versus about one third of college graduates. Over 50% of black and Hispanic women are obese compared with 38% of whites and 15% of Asians. Breast, cervical, and colorectal cancer screening utilization is 20% to 30% lower among those with &lt;HS education compared with college graduates. Screening for breast, cervical, and colorectal cancers is also lower among Hispanics, Asians, and American Indians/Alaska Natives relative to whites and blacks. Enhanced, multilevel efforts are needed to further reduce the prevalence of modifiable risk factors and improve screening and vaccination, particularly among those with lower socioeconomic status and racial/ethnic minorities.
SNX17 (Sorting Nexin 17) Mediates Atrial Fibrillation Onset Through Endocytic Trafficking of the Kv1.5 (Potassium Voltage-Gated Channel Subfamily A Member 5) Channel
Authors: Geng Li , Wang Shuo , Zhang Fulei , Xiong Ke , Huang Jian , Zhao Tingting , Shi Dan , Lv Fei , Li Li , Liang Dandan , Cui Yingyu , Liu Yi , Xie Duanyang , Chen Yi-Han 
Published: April 2019

Background:
Kv1.5 (Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily A member 5) has been regarded as a promising target of interventions for atrial fibrillation (AF). SNX17 (sorting nexin 17), a member of the SNXs (sorting nexin family), regulates the intracellular trafficking of membrane proteins through its FERM (four-point-one, ezrin, radixin, moesin) domain. However, whether SNX17 regulates the trafficking process of Kv1.5 remains unknown.

Methods:

A
SNX17
knockout rat line was generated to test the role of SNX17 in atrial electrophysiology. The protein expression of SNX17 and membrane ion channels was detected by Western blotting. Electrophysiology changes in the atrial tissue and myocytes were analyzed by optical mapping and patch clamp, respectively. Acetylcholine and electrical stimulation were used to induce AF, and ECG recording was adopted to assess the influence of SNX17 deficiency on AF susceptibility. The spatial relationship between Kv1.5 and SNX17 was evaluated by immunostaining and confocal scanning, and the functional region of SNX17 regulating Kv1.5 trafficking was identified using plasmids with truncated SNX17 domains.

Results:

Embryonic death occurred in homozygous
SNX17
knockout rats.
SNX17
heterozygous rats survived, and the level of the SNX17 protein in the atrium was decreased by ≈50%. SNX17 deficiency increased the membrane expression of Kv1.5 and atria-specific ultrarapid delayed rectifier outward potassium current (
I
Kur
) density, resulting in a shortened action potential duration, and eventually contributing to AF susceptibility. Mechanistically, SNX17 facilitated the endocytic sorting of Kv1.5 from the plasma membrane to early endosomes via the FERM domain.

Conclusions:
SNX17 mediates susceptibility to AF by regulating endocytic sorting of the Kv1.5 channel through the FERM domain. SNX17 could be a potential target for the development of new drugs for AF.
New species of free-living marine Sabatieriinae (Nematoda: Monhysterida: Comesomatidae) from
Authors: BARNES NATALIE , KIM HYEONG GEUN , LEE WONCHOEL 
Published: April 2019

Four new species from the subfamily Sabatieriinae Filipjev, 1934 are described from the south and west coast of South Korea: three new species of Laimella Cobb, 1920 and one new species of Cervonema Wieser, 1954. Two further species of Cervonema are informally described owing to the absence of male specimens. In addition, Laimella filicaudata Ward, 1974 is formally reinstated as an extant species. Sabatieriinae are relatively character poor, defined by a striate cuticle, closely spaced cephalic setae, small buccal cavity, simple arcuate spicules and precloacal supplements minute or absent. However, we have found that the de Man's ratios a, b and c, the comparable lengths of the anterior and posterior cephalic setae, the position of the amphid, shape and length of the oesophageal bulb, and the proportion of the cylindrical tail part are all species informative. Laimella ferreroi sp. nov. is most distinctive species described here, having the largest de Man's ratios a and b, the longest gubernaculum (as abd) and the longest, truly filiform, tail so far recorded in the genus. Laimella socotris sp. nov. has a distinct rounded posterior oesophageal bulb similar only to L. longicauda Cobb, 1920 and L. filicaudata Ward, 1974; in combination with the tail length and the relative length of the anterior and cephalic setae this defines the species. Laimella tongyeongensis sp. nov. is defined by a combination of characters, principally the de Man's ratios a, b, c and c', the oesophageal bulb length and with regards to the length ratio between the anterior and posterior cephalic setae. Cervonema pseudodeltensis sp. nov. is the only species of the genus so far described which appears to have the anterior cephalic setae marginally longer than the posterior cephalic setae. It is also defined by the amphid position and the relative size of the oesophageal bulb. Cervonema sp. A , described only as females, is defined by the total body length and the relative length of the oesophagus and tail (de Man’s b and c). Cervonema sp. B, on the other hand, is distinct with respect to the de Man's ratios a and b, the R2:R3 sensilla length ratio, and the amphid directly behind the cephalic setae. It also has not been fully described here owing to the lack of male specimens.
Evaluation of the High-Resolution Rapid Refresh (HRRR) Model Using Near-Surface Meteorological and Flux Observations from Northern Alabama
Authors: Lee Temple R. , Buban Michael , Turner David D. , Meyers Tilden P. , Baker C. Bruce 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
The High-Resolution Rapid Refresh (HRRR) model became operational at the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) in 2014 but the HRRR’s performance over certain regions of the coterminous United States has not been well studied. In the present study, we evaluated how well version 2 of the HRRR, which became operational at NCEP in August 2016, simulates the near-surface meteorological fields and the surface energy balance at two locations in northern Alabama. We evaluated the 1-, 3-, 6-, 12-, and 18-h HRRR forecasts, as well as the HRRR’s initial conditions (i.e., the 0-h initial fields) using meteorological and flux observations obtained from two 10-m micrometeorological towers installed near Belle Mina and Cullman, Alabama. During the 8-month model evaluation period, from 1 September 2016 to 30 April 2017, we found that the HRRR accurately simulated the observations of near-surface air and dewpoint temperature (R2 &gt; 0.95). When comparing the HRRR output with the observed sensible, latent, and ground heat flux at both sites, we found that the agreement was weaker (R2 ≈ 0.7), and the root-mean-square errors were much larger than those found for the near-surface meteorological variables. These findings help motivate the need for additional work to improve the representation of surface fluxes and their coupling to the atmosphere in future versions of the HRRR to be more physically realistic.
Using tissue glues for decreasing alveolar air leak in thoracic surgery
Authors: Allama Amr M , Abd Elaziz Montaser E 
Published: April 2019

Background Prolonged air leak is one of the most annoying complications after pulmonary surgery. Studies have shown that patients with more intraoperative air leaks are at higher risk of developing prolonged postoperative air leak. Various types of sealants have been used effectively for decreasing intraoperative alveolar air leak. We decided to compare 3 sealants to determine which was best. Methods This was a prospective nonrandomized study that included 120 patients undergoing pulmonary surgical procedures associated with intraoperative air leak. They were divided into 4 equal groups. In the first group, no sealant was used. Glubran 2 sealant was used in the second group, BioGlue in the third, and TachoSil in the fourth. Results Preoperative and intraoperative data showed no significant differences among groups, except age which was significantly older in the BioGlue group. Air leak duration and tube duration were significantly shorter in the sealant groups, separately and collectively. No significant difference was found among groups regarding total tube drainage. Also, no significant difference was found between the no-sealant and sealant groups collectively regarding the incidence of postoperative complications, but the BioGlue group had a significantly lower incidence of postoperative complications compared to the no-sealant group. Postoperative hospital stay was significantly shorter in the sealant groups, separately and collectively. Conclusion Our results support the use of sealants for decreasing alveolar air leak. They were easily used in a short time with no significant superiority of one sealant over the others, except for a lower incidence of postoperative complications with BioGlue.