bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reasons for Declining Venom Immunotherapy
Authors: Carneiro-Leão Leonor , Amaral Luís , Coimbra Alice 
Published: December 2018

Introduction: Hymenoptera venom allergy is associated with significant morbidity and deterioration in health-related quality of life, and risk of fatal systemic reactions. Although venom immunotherapy is safe and the only effective treatment in allergic individuals, some patients prefer not to pursue this treatment. Since 2011, when the 50% reimbursement was stopped, patients must fully support the cost of immunotherapy. This study aimed to ascertain the reasons why patients decline immunotherapy.Material and Methods: A medical records review of all patients proposed to receive venom immunotherapy at an Allergy and Clinical Immunology Department in Porto, Portugal, between 2006 and 2015, followed by a phone interview to patients refusing treatment.Results: A total of 83 subjects were enrolled, with a mean (± SD) age of 44.4 (14.7) years and 55 (66%) males; 27 refused venom immunotherapy between 2006 and 2015. Nineteen were interviewed and 14 of those stated price as the main reason for declining treatment. The only identified risk factor associated with immunotherapy refusal was being proposed after 2011 (OR: 3.29; 95% CI: 1.12 – 9.68; p = 0.03).Discussion: The number of patients refusing venom immunotherapy doubled since reimbursement was withdrawn. Price was identified as the major obstacle to treatment completion. Immunotherapy proposal after reimbursement was stopped was associated with a 3-fold increase in the risk of refusing treatment.Conclusion: These findings show how economic decisions may have a detrimental effect on patient care, as immunotherapy refusal left them exposed to an avoidable life-threatening risk.
Budidaya Seabass Asia (Lates calcarifer) di Keramba Jaring Apung di Pusat Pengembangan Budidaya Perairan Air Payau <br><i>[The Culture of Asian Seabass (Lates calcarifer) in Floating Net Cages at the Brackishwater Aquaculture Development Center]<i>
Authors: Diniyyah Fadhliyatud 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThis study was carried out to investigate the effect of Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer) culture in floating net cages at the Brackishwater Aquaculture Development Center, Situbondo. Asian seabass were fed with commercial fish pellet (KPA) and fresh fish (trash fish) for 21 days. Seabass fed with trash fish and commercial fish pellet displayed the growth response to the average weight and length. The fish grew from an initial weight of 230g, 238g, and 244g in 21 days and the average length of seabass changed from 23 cm, 25 cm and 28 cm respectively. The fish were fed with 3-7% body weight of fish and the growth was monitored in 21 days. The results showed that trash fish can increase the significant growth response in Asian seabass. AbstrakStudi ini dilaksanakan untuk mengetahui pengaruh budidaya kakap putih Asia (Lates calcarifer) di keramba jarring apung di pusat pengembangan budidaya air payau, Situbondo. Kakap putih Asia diberi pelet ikan komersial (KPA) dengan ikan segar (limbah ikan) selama 21 hari. Kakap putih makan dengan limbah ikan dan pelet ikan komersial menunjukkan respon pertumbuhan rata-rata dari berat dan panjang. Pertumbuhan ikan dari berat awal 230g, 238g dan 244g pada hari ke- 21 dan terjadi perubahan panjang rata-rata kakap putih masing-masing menjadi 23 cm, 25 cm dan 28 cm. Ikan diberi makan dengan 3-7% dari berat badan ikan dan pertumbuhan diamati dalam 21 hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa limbah ikan dapat meningkatkan respon pertumbuhan yang signifikan di kakap putih Asia.
Pengaruh Dunaliella Salina Terhadap Polimorfonuklear Leukosit Ikan Kerapu Cantang (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus x Epinephelus lanceolatus) Yang Diinfeksi Viral Nervous Necrosis (VNN) <br><i>[Effect of Dunaliella Salina on Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes of Cantang Grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus x Epinephelus lanceolatus) Infected by Viral Nervous Necrosis (VNN)]<i>
Authors: Yuwanita Rani , Buwono Nanik Retno , Eka Putra Handian Febyadi 
Published: December 2018

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh Dunaliella salina terhadap jumlah polimorfonuklear leukosit ikan kerapu cantang yang diinfeksi VNN. Seratus delapan puluh ekor larva ikan kerapu cantang ditebar ke dalam 15 buah bak bervolume 16 L dengan kepadatan 10 ekor/bak. Sebelum diinfeksi VNN, ikan kerapu cantang diberi perlakuan pakan pelet yang mengandung tepung Dunaliella dengan dosis: K- (0 gr/kg pakan), A(6 gr/kg pakan), B (12 gr/kg pakan) dan C (18 gr/kg pakan) secara adlibitum selama 10 hari. Setelah 10 hari perlakuan, ikan kerapu cantang diinfeksi VNN selama 96 jam melalui injeksi intramuscular dengan dosis 0,1 ml/ekor ikan. Berdasarkan hasil pengamatan, Dunaliella salina berpengaruh terhadap jumlah polimorfonuklear leukosit ikan kerapu cantang yang diinfeksi VNN dengan nilai tertinggi pada perlakuan C (18 gr/kg pakan) yang mempunyai nilai rerata leukosit 45,9 x 103 sel/ml, neutrofil: 4,24 x 103 sel/ml dan eusinofil 13,38 x 103 sel/ml.AbstractThis study aimed to determine the effect of Dunaliella salina on the number of Cantang grouper leukocyte polymorphonuclear infected with VNN. One hundred and eighty larvae of Cantang grouper fish were stocked into 15 pieces of 16 L volumes with a density of 10 fish/tube. Before being infected with VNN, the groupers were treated with pellet feed containing doses of Dunaliella flour with a dose: K- (0 g/kg feed), A (6 g/kg of feed), B (12 g/kg of feed) and C (18 g/kg of feed) in adlibitum for 10 days. After 10 days of treatment, Cantang groupers were infected with VNN for 96 hours through intramuscular injection with a dose of 0.1 ml/fish. Based on the observations, Dunaliella salina has an effect on the number of VNN infected grouper cucumber leukocyte polymorphonuclear with the highest value in treatment C (18 g/kg feed) which has a leukocyte mean value of 45.9 x 103 cells/ml, neutrophils: 4.24 x 103 cells/ml and eosinophils 13.38 x 103 cells/ml.
Pengaruh Penerapan Tarif Tunggal Pajak Penghasilan Badan terhadap Indikasi Penggelapan Pajak
Authors: Putra Bramastia Candra , Qibthiyyah Riatu Mariatul 
Published: December 2018

This paper investigates the dierence eects of progressive rate and single rate implementation on corporate income tax to tax evasion indication. Using firm level data of tax audit results as a measure of tax evasion indication for six years observations. The empirical results from the sample data show that the implementation of single rate on corporate income tax reduces the tax evasion indication. In addition, the results show that the higher the marginal income tax rate, the higher the tax evasion indication. ======================== Paper ini menginvestigasi perbedaan pengaruh penerapan tarif pajak progresif dan tarif pajak tunggal pada Pajak Penghasilan (PPh) Badan terhadap indikasi penggelapan pajak. Paper ini menggunakan data hasil pemeriksaan pajak pada level perusahaan sebagai ukuran indikasi penggelapan pajak selama enam tahun observasi. Hasil studi empiris pada sampel data menunjukkan bahwa penerapan tarif pajak tunggal pada PPh Badan mengurangi tingkat indikasi penggelapan pajak. Selain itu, semakin tinggi tarif pajak penghasilan cenderung menstimulasi peningkatan indikasi penggelapan pajak.
Recent advances in bio-P modelling – a new approach verified by full-scale observations
Authors: Varga Erika , Hauduc Hélène , Barnard James , Dunlap Patrick , Jimenez Jose , Menniti Adrienne , Schauer Peter , Lopez Vazquez Carlos M. , Gu April Z. , Sperandio Mathieu , Takács Imre 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
This paper summarizes recent developments in biological phosphorus removal modelling, with special attention to side-stream enhanced biological phosphorus removal (S2EBPR) systems on which previous models proved to be ineffective without case-by-case parameter adjustments. Through the research and experience of experts and practitioners, a new bio-kinetic model was developed including an additional group of biomass (glycogen accumulating organisms – GAOs) and new processes (such as aerobic and anoxic maintenance for PAO and GAO; enhanced denitrification processes; fermentation by PAOs which – along with PAO selection – is driven by oxidation-reduction potential (ORP)). This model successfully described various conditions in laboratory measurements and full plant data. The calibration data set is provided by Clean Water Services from Rock Creek Facility (Hillsboro, OR) including two parallel trains: conventional A2O and Westbank configurations, allowing the model to be verified on conventional and side-stream EBPR systems as well.
Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of New Piperazine Substituted 3, 5-Diarylisoxazolines
Authors: Gao Hui , Liu Bei , Zhu Ping , Zhang Li-Jun , Wan Chun-Ping , Rao Gao-Xiong , Mao Ze-Wei 
Published: December 2018

Aim and Objective:
Isoxazolines are an important class of nitrogen and oxygen-containing heterocycles,
which have gained much importance as the potential biological agents. In order to study structureactivity
relationships of isoxazolines, this work has been conducted.

Materials and Methods:
A series of new piperazine substituted 3, 5-diarylisoxazoline derivatives (6-31) were
designed and synthesized, and in vitro anti-inflammatory activity in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated
RAW-264.7 macrophages and anticancer effect against a panel of human tumor cell lines (Hela, A549 and
SGC7901) by MTT assay were evaluated.

Results:
The substituents of the NH group of piperazine ring had an obvious influence on biological activities.
Especially, compounds 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13 and 27-showed good inhibitory effect on the generation of NO compared
to dexamethasone. Furthermore, derivatives 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 13 and 26 were found to be potential selectively
anticancer activity on human tumor cell lines, which displayed better cytotoxic activity to positive control 5-
FU.

Conclusion:
Piperazine substituted 3, 5-diarylisoxazoline derivatives could be considered as new antiinflammatory
and anticancer agents.
A Review of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Predisposing Genes
Authors: Yahaya Tajudeen O. , Salisu Titilola F. 
Published: December 2018

Introduction:Scientists are considering the possibility of treating diabetes mellitus (DM) using a personalized approach in which various forms of the diseases will be treated based on the causal gene and its pathogenesis. To this end, scientists have identified mutations in certain genes as probable causes of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with diverse mechanisms.Aim:This review was aimed at articulating already identified T2DM genes with their mechanisms of action and phenotypic presentations for the awareness of all stakeholders.Method:Method: The Google search engine was used to retrieve relevant information on the subject from reliable academic databases such as PubMed, Medline, and Google Scholar, among others.Results:At least seventy (70) genes are currently being suspected in the biogenesis of T2DM. However, mutations in, or variants of KCNJ11, PPARG, HNF1B and WFS1 genes, are the most suspected and reported in the pathogenesis of the disease. Mutations in these genes can cause disruption of insulin biosynthesis through the destruction of pancreatic beta cells, change of beta cell morphology, destruction of insulin receptors, among others. These cellular events may lead to insulin resistance and hyperglycemia and, along with environmental triggers such as obesity and overweight, culminate in T2DM. It was observed that each identified gene has its distinct mechanism by which it interacts with other genes and environmental factors to cause T2DM.Conclusion:Healthcare providers are advised to formulate T2DM drugs or treatment by targeting the causal genes along with their mechanisms.
A Review on Cornea Imaging and Processing Techniques
Authors: Hezekiah James Deva Koresh , Chacko Shanty 
Published: December 2018

Background:
Measuring cornea thickness is an essential parameter for patients undergoing
refractive Laser-Assisted in SItu Keratomileusis (LASIK) surgeries.

Discussion:
This paper describes about the various available imaging and non-imaging methods
for identifying cornea thickness and explores the most optimal method for measuring it. Along
with the thickness measurement, layer segmentation in the cornea is also an essential parameter for
diagnosing and treating eye-related disease and problems. The evaluation supports surgical planning
and estimation of the corneal health. After surgery, the thickness estimation and layer segmentation
are also necessary for identifying the layer surface disorders.

Conclusion:
Hence the paper reviews the available image processing techniques for processing the
corneal image for thickness measurement and layer segmentation.
Pharmacokinetic Aspects of Carbon Nanotubes: Improving Outcomes of Functionalization
Authors: Entezar-Almahdi Elaheh , Morowvat Mohammad Hossein 
Published: December 2018

Background:
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are allotropes of carbon with a cylindrical nanostructure.
Thanks to their electrical, mechanical and optical properties, they have been widely used for
different pharmaceutical, biological and biomedical applications. To understand the biofate of the
CNTs in the body, their pharmacokinetic properties should be revealed appropriately.

Objective:
To review the available literature, regarding the different pharmacokinetic properties including
absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination of the functionalized CNTs.

Results:
Surface coating or functionalizing the CNTs has huge effects on their pharmacokinetics,
ADME properties and also their biodistribution profile. During the metabolism, CNTs could be destroyed
directly or their surface functional groups might be removed. Both biliary and renal pathways
are known for CNTs elimination.

Conclusion:
Additional optimization on the CNTs formulation is required to enhance their absorption
and bioavailability. Besides, regarding the increased scientific attention towards the CNTs toxicity,
it could be suggested that determining the bioavailability of CNTs is a critical parameter to determine
the CNTs safety.
Improved K-means Clustering Algorithm and its Applications
Authors: Qi Hui , Li Jinqing , Di Xiaoqiang , Ren Weiwu , Zhang Fengrong 
Published: December 2018

Background:
K-means algorithm is implemented through two steps: initialization and
subsequent iterations. Initialization is to select the initial cluster center, while subsequent iterations
are to continuously change the cluster center until it won't change any more or the number of iterations
reaches its maximum. K-means algorithm is so sensitive to the cluster center selected during
initialization that the selection of a different initial cluster center will influence the algorithm performance.
Therefore, improving the initialization process has become an important means of
K-means performance improvement.

Methods:
This paper uses a new strategy to select the initial cluster center. It first calculates the minimum
and maximum values of the data in a certain index (For lower-dimensional data, such as twodimensional
data, features with larger variance, or the distance to the origin can be selected; for
higher-dimensional data, PCA can be used to select the principal component with the largest variance),
and then divides the range into equally-sized sub-ranges. Next adjust the sub-ranges based on
the data distribution so that each sub-range contains as much data as possible. Finally, the mean value
of the data in each sub-range is calculated and used as the initial clustering center.

Results:
The theoretical analysis shows that although the time complexity of the initialization process
is linear, the algorithm has the characteristics of the superlinear initialization method. This algorithm
is applied to two-dimensional GPS data analysis and high-dimensional network attack detection.
Experimental results show that this algorithm achieves high clustering performance and clustering
speed.

Conclusion:
This paper reduces the subsequent iterations of K-means algorithm without compromising
the clustering performance, which makes it suitable for large-scale data clustering. This algorithm
can not only be applied to low-dimensional data clustering, but also suitable for highdimensional
data.
Is Knowledge Enough? The Relationship Between Mental Health Knowledge and Stigmatising Attitudes Among Australian Adolescents
Authors: Teng Emmelin , Anthony Venning , Helen Winefield , Shona Crabb 
Published: December 2018

Background:
Young people carry mental health problems disproportionate to the
size of their population, and rates of help-seeking are low. School mental health programs
have been developed to address these issues, founded on an educational approach to target
mental health literacy, and indirectly improve help-seeking. However, it has been suggested
that knowledge does not necessarily predict health behaviour in young people.

Objective/Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted to explore whether knowledge
about mental illness was related to attitudes towards mental illness and intentions to seek
help in a sample of adolescent girls (N=327).

Results:
Results indicated a weak negative relationship between knowledge about mental
health and stigmatising attitudes about mental illness, but no relationship between
knowledge about mental health and intentions to seek help for mental health problems.
When mental health was categorised (e.g., optimal vs. poorer mental health), a negative
relationship between knowledge about and stigmatising attitudes toward mental health was
shown in those with poor mental health, but not for adolescents categorised as having
moderate or optimal mental health.

Conclusion:
Findings suggest that while the traditional adage - more information on mental
health equals better attitude to mental health - may be true for those with ‘poorer’ levels of
mental health (e.g., high levels of psychological distress), it may not reduce stigma
associated with mental illness or motivate positive health behaviour in adolescent girls with
‘optimal’ mental health (e.g., low or no levels of psychological distress).
Disponibilidad de luz bajo dosel en rodales de Abies religiosa
Authors: Plateros-Gastélum Pedro Antonio , Reyes-Hernández Valentín José , Velázquez-Martínez Alejandro , Hernández de la Rosa Patricia , Campos-Ángeles Gisela Virginia 
Published: December 2018

La disponibilidad de luz en los bosques es uno de los principales factores que influyen en el establecimiento y desarrollo de especies vegetales bajo el dosel forestal. A fin de caracterizar el ambiente lumínico bajo el dosel de Abies religiosa (Kunth) Schltdl. et Cham., así como la estructura del dosel y su relación con la diversidad vegetal a nivel del sotobosque, se establecieron sitios de muestreo en los cuales se colectó información para evaluar atributos del rodal como área basal, densidad y diámetro cuadrático. Además, se determinaron, mediante fotografías digitales hemisféricas, los parámetros estructurales del dosel, índice de área foliar, fracción de apertura del dosel e índice de transmisión de luz; los parámetros lumínicos bajo el dosel: radiación directa y difusa, frecuencia, distribución de haces de luz, parches de luz, claros de luz y claros; duración media acumulada diaria de haces de luz y duración promedio de un haz de luz. Se determinó la relación existente entre las variables de estudio mediante regresión lineal simple y de asociación de estas a partir del coeficiente de correlación de Pearson. Los resultaron mostraron relaciones significativas entre parámetros estructurales del dosel (p < 0.001) y parámetros lumínicos; mientras que las relaciones de parámetros de estructura del rodal y parámetros lumínicos (p < 0.05) tuvieron una menor correlación (r ≈ 0.50). La fracción de apertura del dosel fue el mejor predictor para el índice de área foliar, radiación directa y difusa disponible en el sotobosque, así como para el índice de transmisión de luz del dosel. La variabilidad del régimen de luz bajo dosel fue mejor explicada por los parámetros de la estructura que por las características estructurales del rodal.
Kinerja dosen di bidang penelitian dan publikasi ilmiah
Authors: Retnowati Trie Hartiti , Mardapi Djemari , Kartowagiran Badrun 
Published: December 2018

Keharusan publikasi ilmiah dari Pemerintah, dapat mendorong dosen untuk meningkatkan kualitas, kuantitas penelitian dan publikasi ilmiah. Sehubungan dengan hal ini, tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengeksplor kinerja dosen di bidang penelitian dan publikasi ilmiah. Informasi ini dapat digunakan oleh stakeholderuntuk melakukan pembinaan terhadap kinerja dosen. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian survei dan untuk mengumpulkan data digunakan kuesioner yang memiliki validitas dan reliabilitas tinggi, dilengkapi dengan teknik observasi. Pada tahap awal, responden penelitian ini adalah 92 dosen Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta yang terdiri dari 22 Asisten ahli, 26 Lektor, 28 Lektor Kepala, dan 16 Profesor. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa selama tiga tahun terakhir skor kinerja dosen dalam bidang penelitian dan publikasi ilmiah untuk semua kelompok jabatan mengalami peningkatan, tetapi ada perbedaan skor kinerja dosen dalam penelitian dan publikasi ilmiah bila dilihat dari jabatan dosen. Guru Besar menduduki ranking tertinggi, baik untuk skor kinerja dosen dalam penelitian maupun publikasi ilmiah diikuti oleh Lektor Kepala, Lektor, dan Asisten Ahli.Kata kunci: kinerja dosen, penelitian, publikasi ilmiah LECTURERS’ PERFORMANCE IN SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH AND PUBLICATIONAbstractThe necessity of scientific publication insisted by the government can encourage lecturers to improve their scientific research and publication, both in quality and quantity. In connection with this fact, this research is aimed at exploring lecturers’ performance in terms of scientific research and publication. The information gained through the result of this study can be used by the stakeholder to develop the lecturers’ performance. This study is a survey research employing high-validity-and-reliability questionnaire to collect the data, completed with the employment of observation technique. At the initial stage, the respondents of the study were 92 lecturers of Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta consisting of 22 instructors, 26 assistant professors, 28 associate professors, and 16 professors. The results of the study indicate that during the last three years, there is an increase on the total scientific research performance score and publication at every level of the functional position, but there is also a difference the scientific research performance score and publication seen from these functional positions. Professors are at the highest rank of the scientific research performance score and publication, followed by associate professors, assistant professors, and instructors.Keywords: lecturers’ performance, scientific research, scientific publication