bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“Ultimately, mom has the call”: Viewing clinical trial decision making among patients with ovarian cancer through the lens of relational autonomy
Authors: Asiedu Gladys B. , Ridgeway Jennifer L. , Carroll Katherine , Jatoi Aminah , Radecki Breitkopf Carmen 
Published: April 2018

AbstractObjectiveThis study employs the concept of relational autonomy to understand how relational encounters with family members (FMs) and care providers may shape decisions around ovarian cancer patients’ clinical trial (CT) participation. The study also offers unique insights into howFMs view patients’ decision making.MethodsIn‐depth interviews were conducted with 33 patients with ovarian cancer who had been offered aCTand 39FMs. Data were inductively analysed using a thematic approach and deductively informed by constructs derived from the theory of relational autonomy (RA).ResultsPatients’ relationships, experiences and social status were significant resources that shaped their decisions. Patients did not give equal weight to all relationships and created boundaries around whom to include in decision making. Doctors’ recommendations and perceived enthusiasm were described as influential inCTdecisions. Both patients with ovarian cancer and theirFMs maintained that patients have the “final say,” indicating an individualistic autonomy. However, maintaining the “final say” in the decision‐making process is constitutive of patients’ relationships, emphasizing a relational approach to autonomy.FMs support patients’ autonomy and they do so particularly when they believe the patient is capable of making the right choices.ConclusionsAlthough ethical principles underlying informed consent forCTparticipation emphasize individual autonomy, greater attention to relational autonomy is warranted for a more comprehensive understanding ofCTdecision making.
Reduced expression of oestrogen receptor‐β is associated with tumour invasion and metastasis in oestrogen receptor‐α‐negative human papillary thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Dong Wen‐Wu , Li Jian , Li Jing , Zhang Ping , Wang Zhi‐Hong , Sun Wei , Zhang Hao 
Published: April 2018

SummaryOestrogens play an important role in the development and progression of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) through oestrogen receptor (ER)‐α and ‐β, which may exert different or even opposing actions in PTC. The roles of ERβ in ERα‐negative PTC are still not clear. This study investigated the expression dynamics of ERβ1 (wild‐type ERβ) and its clinical significance in female ERα‐negative PTC patients. ERβ1 expression was detected in thyroid tissues of 136 female patients diagnosed with PTC. The relationships between ERβ1 expression and clinicopathological/biological factors were also analysed in female ERα‐negative PTC patients. The total score for ERβ1 was significantly lower in female ERα‐negative PTC patients with LNM or ETE when compared to those without LNM or ETE (Z = −2.923, P = 0.003 and Z = −3.441, P = 0.001). Accordingly, the total score for ERβ1 was significantly higher in ERα‐negative PTC patients expressing E‐cadherin compared to patients negative for E‐cadherin expression (Z = −2.636, P = 0.008). The total score was lower in ERα‐negative PTC patients positive for VEGF expression compared to those negative for VEGF expression (Z = −1.914, P = 0.056). This preliminary study indicates that reduced expression of ERβ1 in female ERα‐negative PTC patients is associated with greater progression of the disease. This may provide insights into the underlying molecular mechanisms of ERβ1 and could help design targeted approaches for treating or even preventing this disease.
Pigments, vinegar, and blood: Interpretation and reproduction of glassy materials from the medieval manuscript H‐490
Authors: Palomar Teresa , Díaz Hidalgo Rafael Javier , Vilarigues Marcia 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe research on manuscripts provides useful information about the artistic/technical production and the scientific development in the past. However, the reproduction of the ancient recipes is difficult because most of them are described generally or they hide essential information to preserve the production secrets. In this study, four different recipes from the medieval Manuscript H‐490 (École de Médicine of Montpellier University, France) were reproduced. The raw materials and the production process of each recipe were discussed from the point of view of the glassmaking, and the final products were characterized. The recipe (31) indicated the preparation of a white glaze, similar to Islamic frits. The recipes (32) and (33) explained the preparation of an “unbreakable” glass; however, the characterization of the final products showed that no changes in the hardness of the glass were obtained. And the recipe (34) described the preparation of a green glass which was successfully obtained.
Artificial simulated gastrointestinal digestion of four carbohydrates containing beta‐d‐1 → 4 linkages and new GC‐TQ/MS‐MS method for characterising released monosaccharides
Authors: Liu Huifan , Gong Fan , Wei Fashan , Lai Furao , Zhang Xiaoyuan , Wu Hui 
Published: April 2018

SummaryFour types of carbohydrates, including Dendrobium officinale polysaccharide, Dendrobium aphyllum polysaccharide and β‐glucans from yeast and barley, were examined, and their structures were found to mainly contain 1,4‐linked‐β‐d‐Glcp. Artificially simulated gastrointestinal digestion was conducted to characterise the changes of molecular weight, reducing sugars and released free monosaccharides by high‐performance liquid chromatography, kits and the newly developed gas chromatography (GC)‐mass spectrometry (MS)/MS analysis, which indicated that high molecular weight and complex spatial structures contributed to delayed monosaccharide release following exposure to digestive solution. The spatial structures of carbohydrates were changed during gastric digestion, but their primary structures were destroyed during intestinal digestion. Additionally, for the developed 7890A/7000 GC‐TQ/MS‐MS, the new analytical method was successfully used to analyse very low concentrations of monosaccharides in the simulated gastrointestinal digestive system.
Improved gelation functionalities of myofibrillar protein from pale, soft and exudative chicken breast meat by nonenzymatic glycation with glucosamine
Authors: Bian Guangliang , Xue Siwen , Xu Yujuan , Xu Xinglian , Han Minyi 
Published: April 2018

SummaryThe potential of nonenzymatic glycation of myofibrillar proteins (MPs) to improve the gelation functionalities of pale, soft and exudative (PSE‐like) chicken breast meat was investigated. MP suspensions (4 mg mL−1) obtained from both normal and PSE‐like chicken breast meat were mixed with glucosamine at a ratio of 1:6 (protein : glucosamine) in phosphate‐buffered saline (0.6 m KCl, 20 mm K2HPO4/KH2PO4, 0.02% NaN3 and pH 7.5) and incubated at 37 °C for 12 h. Untreated normal and PSE‐like MP suspensions maintained at 4 °C were used as positive and negative controls, respectively. The glycation treatment increased the surface hydrophobicity but decreased the reactive sulfhydryl contents compared to those of the control (P < 0.05), indicating that the tertiary conformation of the protein changed. Correspondingly, these glycated samples also exhibited significant improvements in gel strength and the water‐holding capacity (P < 0.05). Conclusively, nonenzymatic glycation is a potential technique to improve the properties and offer a means for effective use of PSE‐like meat.
Effect of lactose content on dielectric properties of whole milk and skim milk
Authors: Liu Qiang , Guo Wenchuan , Zhu Xinhua 
Published: April 2018

SummaryDielectric properties (dielectric constant ε′ and dielectric loss factor ε′′) of whole milk and skim milk with the lactose content of 4.56–6.44% and 4.57–6.47%, respectively, were measured over the frequency range of 20–4500 MHz at 25 °C using a vector network analyzer. The results showed that ε′ decreased with increasing frequency, and ε′′ changed with V shape and its minimum was noted at about 2000 MHz. Whole milk had lower dielectric properties than skim milk at almost same lactose content and a given frequency. ε′ had weak positive linear relationship with lactose content for whole milk, but had negative linear relationship for skim milk. No matter for which milk, ε′′ had very good negative linear relationship with lactose content below 1000 MHz and had good positive linear relationship above 2300 MHz. The study provides information on developing rapid lactose detector for milk in future.
Enzymatic production of natural sweetener trilobatin from citrus flavanone naringin using immobilised α‐l‐rhamnosidase as the catalyst
Authors: Lei Lin , Huang Baohua , Liu Aolu , Lu Yu‐Jing , Zhou Jin‐Lin , Zhang Jinjin , Wong Wing‐Leung 
Published: April 2018

SummaryAn efficient and cost‐effective enzymatic production method for preparation of a high‐valued natural sweetener (dihydrochalcone glucoside trilobatin) was developed by the combination of hydrogenation and enzymatic hydrolysis reactions with α‐l‐rhamnosidase as the catalyst in aqueous medium. This technology is adopting the cheap and largely available citrus flavanone naringin as the starting material for trilobatin synthesis, and the present enzymatic technology is possibly utilised by commercial for scale‐up production. The production is a straightforward two‐step process, in which naringin was hydrogenated into naringin dihydrochalcone and followed by removal of the rhamnosyl group of naringin dihydrochalcone by enzymatic hydrolysis using immobilised α‐l‐rhamnosidase as the catalyst. Under optimised conditions, an overall yield of 96% was achieved with a very low loading of α‐l‐rhamnosidase catalyst at 60 °C in a neutral aqueous buffer solution within 2 h. The immobilised α‐l‐rhamnosidase catalyst can be recycled for 10 reactions (90% yield retained).
Local Institutional Quality and Return Migration: Evidence from Viet Nam
Authors: Tran Ngoc Thi Minh , Cameron Michael P. , Poot Jacques 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThis article examines the link between local institutional quality in the home country and locational choices of international return migrants. We scrutinize the locational choices of Vietnamese return migrants to the south central and the south regions of Viet Nam in 2014. Binary and multinomial regression models are fitted to identify the influence of migrants’ individual attributes and the characteristics of regional destinations within Viet Nam. Our analysis reveals that both individual‐specific and region‐specific variables are significantly related to Vietnamese return migrants’ choices when registering for permanent residency back in their home country. More remarkably, we provide compelling evidence of the positive role of institutional quality at the local level in these migration decisions. Moreover, the effect of institutional quality differs with the characteristics of migrants: regions with better institutional quality are more attractive both to younger return migrants and to those who returned from host countries with better institutional quality.
Putting “Canadians First”: Problematizing the Crisis of “Foreign” Workers in Canadian Media and Policy Responses
Authors: Hari Amrita 
Published: April 2018

AbstractResearch into media constructions of migrant crises has noted when, where, and how migrants become illegalized, criminalized, and securitized, exposing the relationship between media, migration, and state power. News media, through narratives and lexicon, can portray some migrants as a threat to the fabric of society. This article applies the framework of policing the crisis (Hall et al., ) to discuss the discursive construction of Temporary Migrant Workers (TMWs) in Canadian media and policy. Content and textual analysis of front‐page coverage of newsprint on the Moratorium on TMWs implemented in 2014 demonstrates this process of collective problematization. The Moratorium responded to a concern of replacing Canadians, which was largely unsupported by data. Since then, news coverage has shifted their representation of TMWs from a threat to victims, signalling a critical moment to reimagine TMWs and re‐direct discussions towards granting substantive citizenship rights.
How well do economists forecast recessions?
Authors: An Zidong , Jalles João Tovar , Loungani Prakash 
Published: April 2018

AbstractWe describe the evolution of forecasts in the run‐up to recessions. The GDP forecasts cover 63 countries for the years 1992–2014. The main finding is that, while forecasters are generally aware that recession years will be different from other years, they miss the magnitude of the recession by a wide margin until the year is almost over. Forecasts during non‐recession years are revised slowly; in recession years, the pace of revision picks up but not sufficiently to avoid large forecast errors. Our second finding is that forecasts of the private sector and the official sector are virtually identical; thus, both are equally good at missing recessions. Strong booms are also missed, providing suggestive evidence for Nordhaus' view that behavioural factors—the reluctance to absorb either good or bad news—play a role in the evolution of forecasts.
Collaboration as a process and an outcome: Consumer experiences of collaborating with nurses in care planning in an acute inpatient mental health unit
Authors: Reid Rebecca , Escott Phil , Isobel Sophie 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThis qualitative study explores inpatient mental health consumer perceptions of how collaborative care planning with mental health nurses impacts personal recovery. Semi‐structured interviews were conducted with consumers close to discharge from one unit in Sydney, Australia. The unit had been undertaking a collaborative care planning project which encouraged nurses to use care plan documentation to promote person‐centred and goal‐focussed interactions and the development of meaningful strategies to aid consumer recovery. The interviews explored consumer understandings of the collaborative care planning process, perceptions of the utility of the care plan document and the process of collaborating with the nurses, and their perception of the impact of collaboration on their recovery. Findings are presented under four organizing themes: the process of collaborating, the purpose of collaborating, the nurse as collaborator and the role of collaboration in wider care and recovery. Consumers highlighted the importance of the process of developing their care plan with a nurse as being as helpful for recovery as the goals and strategies themselves. The findings provide insights into consumers’ experiences of care planning in an acute inpatient unit, the components of care that support recovery and highlight specific areas for mental health nursing practice improvement in collaboration.
Evaluating the prevalence and distribution of dependent self‐employment: some lessons from the European Working Conditions Survey
Authors: Williams Colin C. , Horodnic Ioana Alexandra 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThis article advances understanding of the prevalence and distribution of dependent self‐employment. Analysing the 2015 European Working Conditions Survey of 35,765 employees in 28 European countries, the dependent self‐employed are found to comprise 4.3% (1 in 23) of the EU workforce, 47% of all those reporting themselves as self‐employed without employees and 31% of all self‐employed. The prevalence of dependent self‐employment, however, is found to have decreased since the previous 2010 survey, is not found to be concentrated among marginalised population groups and is significantly more likely in agriculture, forestry and fishing, arts, entertainment, recreation and other service activities, and the household services sector. The implications for theorising and tackling dependent self‐employment are discussed.
Hepatoprotective effect of Herpetospermum caudigerum Wall. on carbon tetrachloride‐induced hepatic fibrosis in rats
Authors: Feng Xin , Zhong Ge‐jia , Deng Ba Da Ji , Yang Bin , Chen Lvyi , Du Shouying 
Published: April 2018

AbstractTibetan medicine Herpetospermum caudigerum Wall. (HCW) has long been employed to treat hepatitis, inflammatory diseases and jaundice according to the records of “The Four Medical Tantras” in China. This study was investigated to explore the protective effects of HCW on hepatic fibrosis and the possible mechanism in a rat model. Hepatic fibrosis was established by intragastric administration of 3 ml/kg carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) twice a week for 6 weeks. CCl4‐treated rats were received HCW (1 and 3 g/kg/d) and silymarin (0.1 g/kg/d) from 3 to 6 weeks. The results showed that HCW could significantly decrease the levels of AST, ALT, HA, LN, PCIII, Col IV, TNF‐α, IL‐1β and IL‐6. Moreover, HCW could effectively inhibit collagen deposition and reduce the pathological damage. Analysis experiments finally exhibited that HCW was able to markedly inhibit hepatic fibrosis by modulating the expressions of NF‐κB p65, IκBα, Samd3 and TGF‐β1 proteins. Therefore, our results suggest that HCW has hepatoprotective activity against CCl4‐induced hepatic fibrosis in rats by regulating the inflammatory responses.
Common genetic variants in GAL, GAP43 and NRSN1 and interaction networks confer susceptibility to Hirschsprung disease
Authors: Wang Yang , Yan Weihui , Wang Jun , Zhou Ying , Chen Jie , Gu Beilin , Cai Wei 
Published: April 2018

AbstractHirschsprung disease (HSCR) is a severe multifactorial genetic disorder. Microarray studies indicated GAL, GAP43 and NRSN1 might contribute to the altered risk in HSCR. Thus, we focused on genetic variations in GAL, GAP43 and NRSN1, and the gene‐gene interactions involved in HSCR susceptibility. We recruited a strategy combining case‐control study and MassArray system with interaction network analysis. For GAL, GAP43 and NRSN1, a total of 18 polymorphisms were assessed in 104 subjects with sporadic HSCR and 151 controls of Han Chinese origin. We found statistically significant differences between HSCR and control groups at 5 genetic variants. For each gene, the haplotypes combining all polymorphisms were the most significant. Based on SNPsyn, MDR and GeneMANIA analyses, we observed significant gene‐gene interactions among GAL, GAP43, NRSN1 and our previous identified RELN, GABRG2 and PTCH1. Our study for the first time indicates that genetic variants within GAL, GAP43 and NRSN1 and related gene‐gene interaction networks might be involved in the altered susceptibility to HSCR in the Han Chinese population, which might shed more light on HSCR pathogenesis.
Stathmin inhibits proliferation and differentiation of dental pulp stem cells via sonic hedgehog/Gli
Authors: Ma Dandan , Yu Haiyue , Xu Shuaimei , Wang He , Zhang Xiaoyi , Ning Tingting , Wu Buling 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe mineralization of dental pulp stem cells is an important factor in the tissue engineering of teeth, but the mechanism is not yet obvious. This study aimed to identify the effect of Stathmin on the proliferation and osteogenic/odontoblastic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) and to explore whether the Shh signalling pathway was involved in this regulation. First, Stathmin was expressed in the cytoplasm and on the cell membranes of hDPSCs by cell immunofluorescence. Then, by constructing a lentiviral vector, the expression of Stathmin in hDPSCs was inhibited. Treatment with Stathmin shRNA (shRNA‐Stathmin group) inhibited the ability of hDPSCs to proliferate, as demonstrated by a CCK8 assay and flow cytometry analysis, and suppressed the osteogenic/odontoblastic differentiation ability, as demonstrated by alizarin red S staining and osteogenic/odontoblastic differentiation‐related gene (ALP, BSP, OCN, DSPP) activity, compared to that of hDPSCs from the control shRNA group. Molecular analyses showed that the Shh/GLI1 signalling pathway was inhibited when Stathmin was silenced, and purmorphamine, the Shh signalling pathway activator, was added to hDPSCs in the shRNA‐Stathmin group, real‐time PCR and Western blotting confirmed that expression of Shh and its downstream signalling molecules PTCH1, SMO and GLI1 increased significantly. After activating the Shh signalling pathway, the proliferation of hDPSCs increased markedly, as demonstrated by a CCK8 assay and flow cytometry analysis; osteogenic/odontoblastic differentiation‐related gene (ALP, BSP, OCN, DSPP) expression also increased significantly. Collectively, these findings firstly revealed that Stathmin‐Shh/GLI1 signalling pathway plays a positive role in hDPSC proliferation and osteogenic/odontoblastic differentiation.
Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells facilitate the up‐regulation of miR‐153‐3p, whereby attenuating MGO‐induced peritoneal fibrosis in rats
Authors: Li Dong , Lu Zhenyu , Li Xiyuan , Xu Zhongwei , Jiang Jianqing , Zheng Zhenfeng , Jia Junya , Lin Shan , Yan Tiekun 
Published: April 2018

AbstractMiRNAs contribute greatly to epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) of peritoneal mesothelial cells (PMCs), which is a crucial step in peritoneal fibrosis (PF). In this study, we tried to profile whether miRNA expression differences exist after human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) treatment in PF rats and investigate the possible role of miR‐153‐3p involved in anti‐EMT process. We randomly assigned 34 rats into three groups: control group (Group Control), MGO‐induced PF rats (Group MGO) and hUCMSCs‐treated rats (Group MGO + hUCMSCs). MiRNA microarrays and real‐time PCR analyses were conducted in three groups. α‐SMA, Snail1 and E‐cadherin expression were detected by Western blot. Luciferase reporter assays were used to detect the effects of miR‐153‐3p overexpression on Snai1 in rat peritoneal mesothelial cells (RPMCs). We identified differentially expressed miRNAs related to EMT, in which miR‐153‐3p demonstrated the greatest increase in Group MGO + hUCMSCs. Transient cotransfection of miR‐153‐3p mimics with luciferase expression plasmids resulted in a significant repression of Snai1 3′‐untranslated region luciferase activity in RPMCs. These studies suggest that miR‐153‐3p is a critical molecule in anti‐EMT effects of hUCMSCs in MGO‐induced PF rats. MiR‐153‐3p might exert its beneficial effect through directly targeting Snai1.
TP53INP1 inhibits hypoxia‐induced vasculogenic mimicry formation via the ROS/snail signalling axis in breast cancer
Authors: Wang Yi , Sun Huizhi , Zhang Danfang , Fan Dan , Zhang Yanhui , Dong Xueyi , Liu Shiqi , Yang Zhao , Ni Chunsheng , Li Yanlei , Liu Fang , Zhao Xiulan 
Published: April 2018

AbstractTumour protein p53‐inducible nuclear protein 1 (TP53INP1) is a tumour suppressor associated with malignant tumour metastasis. Vasculogenic mimicry (VM) is a new tumour vascular supply pattern that significantly influences tumour metastasis and contributes to a poor prognosis. However, the molecular mechanism of the relationship between TP53INP1 and breast cancer VM formation is unknown. Here, we explored the underlying mechanism by which TP53INP1 regulates VM formation in vitro and in vivo. High TP53INP1 expression was not only negatively correlated with a poor prognosis but also had a negative relationship with VE‐cadherin, HIF‐1α and Snail expression. TP53INP1 overexpression inhibited breast cancer invasion, migration, epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) and VM formation; conversely, TP53INP1 down‐regulation promoted these processes in vitro by functional experiments and Western blot analysis. We established a hypoxia model induced by CoCl2 and assessed the effects of TP53INP1 on hypoxia‐induced EMT and VM formation. In addition, we confirmed that a reactive oxygen species (ROS)‐mediated signalling pathway participated in TP53INP1‐mediated VM formation. Together, our results show that TP53INP1 inhibits hypoxia‐induced EMT and VM formation via the ROS/GSK‐3β/Snail pathway in breast cancer, which offers new insights into breast cancer clinical therapy.