bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A GENERALIZED STUDY ON CLOSED LIE IDEALS WITH (α,α)-DERIVATIONS
Authors: ALBAYRAK Barış , YEŞİL Didem 
Published: August 2019

In this
paper, we study square closed Lie ideals of semi-prime rings with generalized

derivations and investigate
commutative properties of square closed Lie ideals under different conditions.
Also, we take generalized

derivation

with determined

derivation

on prime ring and prove that

is

commuting on Lie ideal. Finally, we
reach the corollaries about commutativity of prime rings by using the theorems
we prove.
HARDY-SOBOLEV-MAZYA INEQUALITY FOR NABLA TIME SCALE CALCULUS
Authors: PELEN Neslihan Nesliye 
Published: August 2019

First
part of the study is mainly about some missing concepts of the measure theory
of nabla time scale calculus. In the second part, as an application of the
nabla measure theory, especially the nabla Sobolev spaces, Hardy- Sobolev Mazya
Inequality on nabla time scale is obtained and given.
Pengaruh Panjang dan Kemiringan Lereng terhadap Stabilitas Keseluruhan Sheet Pile di Tanah Lunak
Authors: Arifin Yulian Firmana 
Published: August 2019

Kegagalan konstruksi sheet pile dapat disebabkan karena perencana kurang teliti dalam menganalisa stabilitas keseluruhan lereng. Kegalalan ini sering terjadi setelah timbunan di belakang sheet pile dilaksanakan. Paper ini fokus membahas mengenai pengaruh panjang dan kemiringan lereng terhadap stabilitas keseluruhan konstruksi sheet pile khususnya di tanah lunak. Metode finite element menggunakan program Plaxis 2D digunakan untuk menganalisa stabilitas kestabilan lereng yang ditunjukkan oleh nilai faktor keamanan. Model sheet pile dibuat dengan panjang terpancang 20m dan tinggi timbunan 5m yang ditimbung secara bertahap. Panjang lereng di depan konstruksi adalah 15, 30, dan 45 m atau setara dengan 1-3 kali panjang sheet pile yang tertanam. Kemiringan lereng yang diaplikasikan pada model adalah 0(datar), 5, 10, dan 15 derajat. Hasil analisa memperlihatkan besarnya pengaruh panjang dan kemiringan lereng di depan konstruksi dimana faktor keamanan berkurang 0,02 tiap kenaikan 1 derajat lereng.
A Novel Approach for Assessing and Training the Drilling Skills of Orthopaedic Surgeons
Authors: Zamani Naghmeh , Pourkand Ashkan , Salas Christina , Mercer Deana M. , Grow David 
Published: August 2019

Background:
Although experiences in the operating room can help surgeons to learn simple bone-drilling techniques, outside training may be better suited for complex procedures. We adapted a rotary handpiece to evaluate the bone-drilling skills of orthopaedic resident physicians during the 2017 Southwest Orthopaedic Trauma Association (SWOTA) motor skills course.

Methods:
Twenty-five postgraduate year (PGY)-1 orthopaedic residents from 7 institutions were asked to perform a bicortical drilling task 3 times both before and after attending a motor skills course. Kinetic and kinematic data were collected using force, acceleration, and visual sensors.

Results:
Sixteen parameters were measured. The interdependence of these parameters (taken separately for precourse and postcourse performance) is presented. Evidence for motor skill acquisition across a short time scale is elucidated. Noteworthy correlations include overpenetration with force (0.65 mm), palmar-dorsal (P-D) toggle (0.65°), vibration in the P-D direction (0.53 m/s2), time (−0.41 sec), and RPM (revolutions per minute; −0.36); time with both RPM (0.38) and P-D toggle (−0.40°); and force with both RPM (−0.41) and P-D toggle (0.32°). Differences in performance before and after the motor skills course include reduction in overpenetration (28.8 to 18.2 mm), reduction in skiving (22% to 6%), and reduction in preparation time (27.3 to 9.65 sec). Additionally, there were several differences in performance by institution that were significant (overpenetration, toggle in the P-D and radial-ulnar [R-U] directions, and both drilling force and drilling time).

Conclusions:
Understanding how performance and outcome parameters are correlated provides powerful insight into how surgical procedures can be best performed. In particular, we hope that these findings will inform new training paradigms. Variations in resident training from 1 institution to another are evidenced in surgical performance. Similarly, the methods used here to quantify changes in performance across the 3-day SWOTA training course allow a unique vehicle for optimization of these types of training opportunities outside of the operating room.
The Military Extremity Trauma Amputation/Limb Salvage (METALS) Study
Authors: Mitchell Stuart L. , Hayda Roman , Chen Andrew T. , Carlini Anthony R. , Ficke James R. , MacKenzie Ellen J. ,   on behalf of the METALS Study Group
Published: August 2019

Background:
Severe upper-extremity injuries account for almost one-half of all extremity trauma in recent conflicts in the Global War on Terror. Few long-term outcomes studies address severe combat-related upper-extremity injuries. This study’s objective was to describe long-term functional outcomes of amputation compared with those of limb salvage in Global War on Terror veterans who sustained severe upper-extremity injuries. Limb salvage was hypothesized to result in better arm and hand function scores, overall functional status, and quality of life, with similar pain interference.

Methods:
This retrospective cohort study utilized data from the Military Extremity Trauma Amputation/Limb Salvage (METALS) study for a subset of 155 individuals who sustained major upper-extremity injuries treated with amputation or limb salvage. Participants were interviewed by telephone 40 months after injury, assessing social support, personal habits, and patient-reported outcome instruments for function, activity, depression, pain, and posttraumatic stress. Outcomes were evaluated for participants with severe upper-extremity injuries and were compared with participants with concomitant severe, lower-extremity injury. The analysis of outcomes comparing limb salvage with amputation was restricted to the 137 participants with a unilateral upper-extremity injury because of the small number of patients with bilateral upper-extremity injuries (n = 18).

Results:
Overall, participants with upper-extremity injuries reported moderate to high levels of physical and psychosocial disability. Short Musculoskeletal Function Assessment (SMFA) scores were high across domains; 19.4% screened positive for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and 12.3% were positive for depression. Nonetheless, 63.6% of participants were working, were on active duty, or were attending school, and 38.7% of participants were involved in vigorous recreational activities. No significant differences in outcomes were observed between patients who underwent limb salvage and those who underwent amputation.

Conclusions:
Severe, combat-related upper-extremity injuries result in diminished self-reported function and psychosocial health. Our results suggest that long-term outcomes are equivalent for those treated with amputation or limb salvage. Addressing or preventing PTSD, depression, chronic pain, and associated health habits may result in less disability burden in this population.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Variation in the Delivery of Inpatient Orthopaedic Care to Medicaid Beneficiaries within a Single Metropolitan Region
Authors: Dy Christopher J. , Tipping Andrew D. , Nickel Katelin B. , Jiang Winston , O’Keefe Regis J. , Olsen Margaret A. 
Published: August 2019

Background:
There is variability in access to and utilization of orthopaedic care, particularly for those with Medicaid insurance. One potential contributor is perceived unwillingness of surgeons and hospitals to accept underinsured patients. We used administrative data to examine the payer mix for select inpatient orthopaedic surgical procedures at all hospitals within a single region, hypothesizing that the delivery of orthopaedic surgery to Medicaid beneficiaries varies highly at the hospital level.

Methods:
Using administrative data, we analyzed inpatient hospitalizations for elective cases (total knee or hip arthroplasty; spinal decompression or fusion) and trauma cases (hip hemiarthroplasty; femoral or tibial and fibular fracture repair) among 22 hospitals in a single region from 2011 to 2016 for patients who were 18 to 64 years of age. The primary outcome was the percentage of each hospital’s caseload with Medicaid listed as the primary payer. The secondary outcome measured each hospital’s Medicaid percentage against the percentage of Medicaid-insured individuals within 10 miles of the hospital (Medicaid share ratio), using a ratio of 1 as a benchmark. To quantify variation, we calculated a weighted coefficient of variation of the Medicaid share ratio for all cases combined, elective cases only, and trauma cases only.

Results:
For all cases (n = 19,204), the mean percentage of Medicaid-funded surgical procedures was 7.6% (range, 0.2% to 57.3%). The mean Medicaid share ratio was 1.0 (range, 0.05 to 4.20). Across 22 hospitals, the weighted coefficient of variation for Medicaid share was 69, indicating very high variation. For elective cases alone, the mean percentage of Medicaid-funded surgical procedures was 5.5% (range, 0.2% to 64.6%). The mean Medicaid share ratio was 0.71 (range, 0.05 to 4.73), and the weighted coefficient of variation was 93. For trauma cases alone, Medicaid-funded surgical procedures were 14.7% (range, 0.0% to 35.7%). The mean Medicaid share ratio was 2.0 (range, 0 to 3.93), and the weighted coefficient of variation was 34.

Conclusions:
Delivery of care was highly variable when benchmarking against the insurance composition of each hospital’s surrounding community. Although generalizability to other regions is limited, our findings support previously asserted notions that delivery of orthopaedic care may differ on the basis of socioeconomic markers (such as insurance status). If not addressed, these inequities may exacerbate existing racially and socioeconomically based disparities in care.
Weight-length relationship, morphometric and meristic characters of the yellow seahorse Hippocampus kuda Bleeker, 1852 (Syngnathiformes: Syngnathidae) from central west coast of India
Authors: Pawar H.B. , Sanaye S.V. , Sreepada R.A. , Ingole B.S. 
Published: August 2019

Eighteen morphometric and five meristic characters of the yellow seahorse, Hippocampus kuda inhabiting the coastal waters of Ratnagiri, central west coast of India, were studied. Morphometric/numerical analysis confirmed the identity of the species from Ratnagiri coastal waters as Hippocampus Kuda Bleeker, 1852. A negative allometric relationship was observed in both genders of H. kuda. The estimated weight-length relationships (WLR) for male and female specimens, respectively were, W=0.0034 SL2.8533 and W=0.0078 SL2.5253 (r2>0.95). The biological information on morphometric and meristic characters, WLR and length-length relationship (LLR) provided in this study would be helpful for conservation and management of this vulnerable seahorse species.
Shortfalls Reduction from Optimized Preservation in Ultra-Deepwater; Kaombo Field Real Case Application
Authors: Rolland Julien , Devoisselle Romain , Daures Remi , Glénat Philippe , Pagézy Ludovic 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The FPSO Kaombo Norte came on stream on July 27 2018, offshore Angola. When both its FPSOs will be at plateau, the biggest deep offshore project in Angola will account for 10% of the country's production. Kaombo reserves are spread over an 800-square-kilometer area. The development stands out for its subsea network size with more than 270 kilometers of pipeline on the seabed between 1500-2000m water depth, including subsea production wells more than 25km away from the production facility.
During the project phase, measures have been taken in order to standardize the subsea design overall including the thermal requirements. By necessity the insulation design of the subsea component is driven by the most stringent part of the development which is then applied throughout the complete system on Kaombo. This inevitably infers that certain parts of the system operate with a built-in margin regarding thermal performance. With an overall objective to optimize the OPEX the use of this margin on some assets generates added-value in the operational phase by reducing production shortfalls through reducing the number of preservations undertaken during life of field.
In order to improve the overall preservation sequence, crude abilities to delay hydrates formation and/or to transport hydrates have been studied on the coldest fields. It was found that studied crudes present interesting properties to delay hydrates formation. These tests have been performed with crude samples in lab conditions in order to assess the temperature and pressure when hydrates start to form. The results indicate that it is possible to extend the waiting period (i.e. time before launching preservation) well inside the hydrate thermodynamic zone and operating "safety" zones have been defined depending of the actual temperature and pressure.
An optimized preservation sequence postponing the decision point to restart or preserve was finally implemented thanks to:
An accurate knowledge of the full system thermal performance especially including the weak links The study of crude properties for the most penalizing fields vs. hydrates plug risk
The methodology implemented is today already field proven and application of the extended waiting period was performed allowing reduction of shortfalls and smooth restart. A significant impact is expected for the full life of the field.
Digital Initiatives for Condition Based Maintenance Using Monitoring Solutions with Data Analytics
Authors: Bhalla Kenneth , Fisher Kelly J. , Waligura Jason E. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Presently, drilling riser joints are inspected every five years. This is usually accomplished by rotating 20% onshore every year to be dis-assembled and inspected. This requires extensive boat trips from a mobile operating drilling unit (MODU) to onshore and trucking of the riser to the inspection facility. Typically, 20 riser joints from each riser system are transported on a boat and one riser per truck to an inspection facility each year, making the logistics of performing a drilling inspection complex and costly.
A laser-based measurement for inspection together with monitoring of riser systems has been implemented with a new standard process for collecting critical riser data that is ABS approved. The aim is to mitigate the costs and time associated with essential MODU drilling riser inspections, by empowering operators to reliably determine the condition of drilling riser joints, consistently predict when vital components will require service and accurately assess remaining component life.
The approach utilizes a life cycle condition based monitoring, maintenance and inspection system that can be deployed on a MODU, enabling resources to be deployed only when necessary, instead of on a calendar interval. The solution consists of: Performing a baseline inspection on the riser joints to assess their present state, Collecting the environmental and operating data when the rig is on site drilling, Feeding the environmental and operating data into a digital twin. The tuned digital twin can be used to predict future damage.
The approach removes uncertainties surrounding damage of riser joints and will allow the owner to determine whether riser should be redeployed or replaced. This is the only process that is ABS approved for condition based monitoring of drilling riser systems. The system is compatible with all present owners’ maintenance programs and ensures that maintenance requirements are supported with robust engineering.
Innovations in Inspection Processes for Marine Pipelines
Authors: Primeau Eric 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Objective / Scope
In 2016 BP adopted a technology plan to investigate how efficiencies could be realized in the inspection area. The project termed UWIP (Under Water Inspection Program) was divided into two areas: Alternative inspection technology, Advanced inspection technology.
Alternative Inspection technology addresses the configuration of existing technology to deliver efficiencies
Advanced Inspection technology looks to near future opportunities that may be realized within a 5-year period.

Methods, Procedure, Process
This presentation primarily addresses the Alternative agenda, with focus on how the configuring of sensor packages onboard a variety of underwater vehicles has delivered data up to 8 times faster than traditional inspection methodologies. Termed FDII (Fast Digital Imaging Inspection) the concept aims to replace video with Laser / Stills and contact Cathodic Potential systems with Field Gradient.
The Advanced agenda presents BP progress in delivering unmanned, automated Unmanned Surface and Underwater Vehicle Systems into Inspection programs.

Results, Observations, Conclusions
BP has undertaken three FDII campaigns, 2017/18 in North Sea and 2018 Trinidad, inspecting 825 pipeline kilometers. There are another two FDII programs scheduled in North Sea and Caspian regions in 2019. Data acquisition has significantly increased; however, data management techniques have had to be reviewed and adapted. Inspection and integrity contractors expect to receive data in traditional formats and their systems (as well as operators) are not configured to receive and interpret the new FDII data. Additionally, software houses are also behind the curve in allowing users to host and deliver to stakeholders.
FDII facilitates rapid data acquisition and operational teams are ready to grab credit for efficient execution. But data bottlenecks in editing, eventing and delivering data to stakeholders have removed some of the ‘shine’ from the project. For FDII to develop a step change is required in the data management.

Novel, Additive Information
FDII is a technique, it is not an inspection criterion. FDII lends itself to Fast ROV and AUV underwater vehicle developments which are also linked to operation from Unmanned Surface Vessels. BP has a stated goal that by 2025 all inspections will performed from unmanned systems. FDII is a technology that progresses us to that goal.
The Traits of a High Reliable Organization HRO
Authors: Dingee Andrew 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Learning is a "linear process" for workers. It includes studying and understanding basic systems, normal procedures, and emergency procedures in an operational setting. Therefore, they must be developed for the frontline worker, from the frontline worker's perspective and in their words. Step by step procedures will describe the operation of equipment and the interaction of co-workers in the operational context without leaving the frontline worker any questions or assumptions - it is written with concept of operational-need-to-know. Once completed, they will capture the optimum efficient processes and improve your safety management system.
By borrowing best practices from the airline industry several oil and gas companies have been able to implement a system that prevents and traps human error. My presentation will share with your audience that the foundation to safety and efficiency is the creation of standard work for operators and contractors. Standard work that delivers quality work based on the development of procedures and checklists that work in harmony on the rig floor. We will highlight our success measured by the increased efficiency in fracking by over 300%, a reduction in crane incidents by 50% and the reduction of fatal control of work errors. All through the development of a standardization department which became the center for excellence for the operator and the contractor.
Standardization regarding operational procedures are still a new concept within the industry. Our team has produced tangible results which will be shared with the SPE membership in order to demonstrate the effectiveness of standardization and the increased safety and efficiency from it.
Evaluation of Nanofiltration Membranes for Low Salinity Injection Water Flood LSF
Authors: Jové Elbir , Das Supriyo , Adamski Robert , Gómez Verónica 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Salinity of injection water plays a critical role in optimizing IOR/EOR methods, mainly in water flooding, low salinity water flooding and chemically enhanced oil recovery techniques, such as polymer floods. For such low salinity applications, preferred salinity is often between 1,000 and 5,000 mg/L TDS. On offshore platforms, this is achieved through blending permeate from low sulfate, high salinity (approximately 30,000 mg/l TDS) water train with desalinated water train (approximately 100 mg/l TDS). This practice typically requires two nanofiltration (NF) stages and one reverse osmosis (RO) stage which results in high footprint, heavy and complex blending manifolds. This study investigates the possibility of achieving the desired injection water composition employing a lower-footprint one pass assembly (i.e. without the need to blend permeates from parallel NF and RO trains) to produce the desired permeate salinity. The objective of the trial was to test a system providing a permeate TDS of 1,000 - 3,000 mg/L and sulfate levels lower than 10 mg/L. Such system should work with at least 20 L/m2h average fluxes and with a total recovery of at least 50 %. This paper discusses aninnovative way of arranging Nanofiltration and Reverse Osmosis membrane elements on offshore platforms in order to achieve the target salinity and sulfate concentrations for Low Salinity injection water Floods (LSF) and displays the results obtained during its testing in an industrial scale asset. The arrangement was operated during three months, showinga stable performance at an average flux of 20 L/m2h and with a recovery of 55%, using a configuration of seven membrane elements in series. Permeate water salinity obtained at this configuration was lower than 3,000 mg/L, maintaining low sulfate passage (&lt;5 mg/L). Conclusions show the following benefits when using the innovative design:
Elimination of the blending system, thus reducing complex manifold and valves which will result in reduction of CAPEX and complexity. Achieving greater water recovery compared to operating separate RO and NF membrane systems. It is estimated that depending on the injection water requirements, there can be a reduction of up to 40% in footprint and weight of reverse osmosis and nanofiltration systems.
Using Advanced Analytics to Identify the Most Probable Locations of Corrosion Under Insulation
Authors: K. Kumar Nivedita , Mackenzie Bruce , H. Løken Kjersti 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Over 20 percent of major oil and gas (O&G) incidents reported within the European Union (EU) since 1984 have been associated with corrosion under insulation (CUI) [1]. Challenges are particularly acute when the source of risk is hidden, as in the case of CUI. With data being continuously generated, significant effort is required to manage data and mitigate risk.
Using bayesian networks (BNs) Oceaneering has developed a decision support system for effective CUI risk management. The Bayesian model can be incorporated into existing risk-based assessment (RBA) systems. A key feature of the model is the ability to predict corrosion hotspots while quantifying uncertainties. The model uses probabilities based on objective data as well as subject matter expertise, which makes analytical techniques in business accessible to a wide range of users.
With a case study we illustrate how BNs can be used to assess the risk of a fuel gas line on a live asset in the North sea. The most likely estimated remaining life (ERL) is forecasted in the range of 13 to 24 years, with a worst case of 6.7 years and best case of 40 years. By comparison, the customer CUI tracker reported an ERL of 9.7 years. BNs increase flexibility for scheduling inspection intervals, enabling more targeted inspection planning. This is a significant advancement from current RBA methodologies.