bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of CD9 & CD146 markers in endometrial stromal cells of fertile & infertile females
Authors: Chaudhari-Kank Manisha Sudhir , Zaveri Kusum , Antia Vistasp , Hinduja Indira 
Published: August 2018

Background & objectives:
CD9 and CD146 are important adhesion molecules that play a role in the implantation of an embryo. This study was undertaken to correlate the expression of these markers in fertile and infertile women's endometrial stromal cells.

Methods:
Human endometrial stromal cell culture from endometrial biopsies of fertile (n=50) and infertile females (n=50) was performed and primary cell lines were established. Expression of CD9 and CD146 was studied for all the 100 cell lines with the help of flow cytometry. Gene expression of CD9 and CD146 was performed by real-time polymerase chain reaction.

Results:
There was a significant difference in endometrial stromal cells of fertile and infertile females. Flow cytometric results revealed significantly lower expression of CD9 (P=0.0126) and CD146 (P=0.0006) in the infertile endometrial stromal cells as compared to fertile endometrial stromal cells. These results were comparable with real-time data.

Interpretation & conclusions:
This study showed that endometrial stromal cells from infertile females had lower expression of adhesion molecules, CD9 and CD146. Our findings suggest that CD9 and CD146 may have a role in infertility. Infertile female's endometrial stromal cells have decreased expression of CD9 and CD146 which can be the cause of infertility related to implantation failure.
Environmental surveillance of Legionella pneumophila in distal water supplies of a hospital for early identification & prevention of hospital-acquired legionellosis
Authors: Jinna Shihail , Gaikwad Ujjwala Nitin 
Published: August 2018

Background & objectives:

Legionella pneumophila, a ubiquitous aquatic organism is found to be associated with the development of the community as well as hospital-acquired pneumonia. Diagnosing Legionella infection is difficult unless supplemented with, diagnostic laboratory testing and established evidence for its presence in the hospital environment. Hence, the present study was undertaken to screen the hospital water supplies for the presence of L. pneumophila to show its presence in the hospital environment further facilitating early diagnosis and prevention of hospital-acquired legionellosis.

Methods:
Water samples and swabs from the inner side of the same water taps were collected from 30 distal water outlets present in patient care areas of a tertiary care hospital. The filtrate obtained from water samples as well as swabs were inoculated directly and after acid buffer treatment on plain and selective (with polymyxin B, cycloheximide and vancomycin) buffered charcoal yeast extract medium. The colonies grown were identified using standard methods and confirmed for L. pneumophila by latex agglutination test.

Results:
About 6.66 per cent (2/30) distal water outlets sampled were found to be contaminated with L. pneumophila serotype 2-15. Isolation was better with swabs compared to water samples.

Interpretation & conclusions:
The study showed the presence of L. pneumophila colonization of hospital water outlets at low levels. Periodic water sampling and active clinical surveillance in positive areas may be done to substantiate the evidence, to confirm or reject its role as a potential nosocomial pathogen in hospital environment.
Assessment of Utilization of Rehabilitation Services among Stroke Survivors
Authors: Mahak Chandel , Manisha Nagi , Sandhya Ghai , Dheeraj Khurana , Dhandapani Manju , Dhandapani S. S. ,   Shashi,   Yashomati,   Hemlata
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACT
Background: Rehabilitation is probably one of the most important phases of recovery for many stroke survivors. The current study was conducted with the objective to assess the utilization of rehabilitation services and factors affecting nonutilization of rehabilitation services among the stroke survivors. Materials and Methods: The current study was carried out in the Neuro Outpatient Department of a tertiary care hospital in India. It was a descriptive study. Consecutive 55 stroke survivors who had met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were recruited in this study. Self-structured rehabilitation tool was used to collect the data. Results: Data were analyzed using the descriptive and inferential statistics. Majority of the patients comprised 70.9% of males and 29.1% of females. Among participants, 70.90% were aware about rehabilitation, 67% were utilizing rehabilitation services, whereas 33% were not utilizing rehabilitation services. In the current study, certain reasons were found behind not utilizing rehabilitation services. There were 83.3% of participants who had lack of awareness about rehabilitation services and 61.1% of participants who had no availability of rehabilitation services. Only 45.5% of rural inhabitants were utilizing rehabilitation services as compared to 81.2% of urban inhabitants and 83.23% of suburban inhabitants. Conclusion: Rehabilitation is of utmost importance. Hemiparesis, difficulty in performing activity of daily living, difficulty in performing social activities, and difficulty in reasoning were the most common problems faced by people suffering stroke after discharge from the hospital. There was lack of awareness and utilization of rehabilitation services by patients among Indian stroke population. Hence, health workers have an immense role in educating, motivating, and ensuring that rehabilitation services in rural inhabitants.
Determinants of Timing of Presentation of Neurotrauma Patients to a Neurosurgical Center in a Developing Country
Authors: Malomo Toluyemi Adefolarin , Oyemolade Toyin Ayofe , Adeleye Amos Olufemi 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACT
Background: A major goal in neurotrauma management is the prevention of secondary neuronal injuries. This goal is time bound as neurological deficits once established are usually irreversible. Late presentation is the norm in most neurotrauma patients in developing countries. Aims: The aim of the study was to review the timing of presentation of neurotrauma patients and the possible causes of their late presentation for neurosurgical care in our practice. Methods: A cross-sectional study of a 4-month prospective database of neurotrauma patients presenting to the University College Hospital, Ibadan, was done. The participants’ biodata, injury characteristics, initial-care details before referral, and information on timing and causes of delay were analyzed. Results: The study subjects included 111 patients, 80.2% (89/111) were males, and 52.8% aged 21–40 years. Head injury (HI), spinal cord injury (SCI), and combined HI and SCI occurred, respectively, in 80.2%, 14.4%, and 5.4%. Road accidents followed by falls were seen in 73.9% and 14.4% (16), respectively. Just 46.8% (52/111) cases presented within 12 h of injury and only 37 (33.3%) within 4 h. Majority, 83.8% (93/111) were referrals from primary care. These referrals were delayed in 81.7% (76/93) of these. The referring health facilities were located intracity with our center in 54%. Other causes of delayed presentation of these study participants included long-distance travel to our center, lack of funds, or a combination of the above factors. Eighty-nine patients (80.2%) were brought in by family members and the remaining minority by passers-by and road safety personnel. Conclusions: Delayed referral from primary care features prominently in timing of presentation of neurotrauma patients in Nigeria. There is a need for collaboration as well as continuing medical education between the neurotrauma specialists and primary care physicians.
Emergent Neurosurgical Management of a Rapidly Deteriorating Patient with Acute Intracranial Hemorrhage and Alcohol-Related Thrombocytopenia
Authors: Deng Hansen , Yue John K. , Durcanova Beata , Sadjadi Javid 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACTAlcohol intoxication is a common risk factor of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and carries a significant health-care burden on underserved patients. Patients with chronic alcohol use may suffer a spectrum of bleeding diatheses from hepatic dysfunction not well studied in the context of TBI. A feared sequela of TBI is the development of coagulopathy resulting in worsened intracranial bleeding. We report the clinical course of an intoxicated patient found down with blunt head trauma and concurrent alcoholic cirrhosis who was awake and responsive in the field. Hospital course was characterized by a rapidly deteriorating neurological examination with progressive subdural and subarachnoid hemorrhage and precipitating neurosurgical decompression and critical care management. Our experience dictates the need for timely consideration of the possibility of rapid deterioration from coagulopathic intracranial bleeding in the initial assessment of intoxicated patients with head trauma of unknown severity, for which a high index of suspicion for extra-axial hemorrhage should be maintained, along with the immediate availability of operating room and the necessary medical personnel.
A Case Report of Misdiagnosis of Psychotic Symptoms Predominant Wilson's Disease
Authors: Shah Bhupendra , Limbu Suren 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACTWilson's disease is an autosomal recessive disease of abnormal copper metabolism. Psychosis is a rare manifestation of Wilson's disease. Few cases of misdiagnosing Wilson's disease as an etiology of psychosis were reported in the literature. We report a case of a 42-year-old patient, who was diagnosed with a schizoaffective disorder and treated with antipsychotics for 3 years with no significant improvement. On reevaluation, we the patient was diagnosed to have Wilson's disease. The patient's symptoms improved significantly with chelation therapy.
Giant Bilateral Calvarial Hyperostosis Secondary to Small Unilateral Frontal Meningioma
Authors: Munjal Satyashiva , Dhawan Sanjay , Jain Sunila , Mehta V. S. 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACTA 28-year-old male patient presented to us with bilateral frontal hyperostosis associated with a small unilateral frontal intracranial meningioma. He underwent successful excision of the involved bone and repair of the large cranial defect using a titanium mesh. Histological examination revealed tumor infiltration of the overlying bone. Surgical challenges in the management of such a case are also discussed.
Cerebral Hydatid Cyst in a Young Immunocompromised Patient in Parakou
Authors: Adoukonou Thierry , Accrombessi Donald , Agbetou Mendinatou 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACTWe report the case of a 30-year-old human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive HIV patient who was poorly followed. She was admitted on November 30, 2017, for the management of febrile encephalitis syndrome with motor deficit of the left hemicorps and generalized seizures. In biology, we found a nonspecific inflammatory syndrome. The cerebral imaging without and with injection found a cystic formation multilobed right fronto-parietal of approximately 83 mm × 62 mm, the presence of an annular calcification of approximately 8 mm with a commitment under falcator, and a contralateral ventricle dilation. Treatment with antiepileptic, antibiotic, antiparasitic, and corticosteroid therapy was marked by death the day before the neurosurgical procedure after initial improvement.
Multiple, Primary Brain Tumors with Diverse Origins and Different Localizations: Case Series and Review of the Literature
Authors: Tunthanathip Thara , Kanjanapradit Kanet , Ratanalert Sanguansin , Phuenpathom Nakornchai , Oearsakul Thakul , Kaewborisutsakul Anukoon 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACT
Background: Multiple, primary brain tumors with different histological types occurring in the same patient are extremely rare. Several hypotheses have been proposed, and the pathophysiology of coexisting tumors has long been debated; however, due to low incidence, standard practices for this scenario are still inconclusive. Case Description: The authors describe 6 cases of coexisting tumors. By conducting a literature research focused on the computed tomography (CT) era and patients without prior radiation or phakomatosis. Sixty-five such reported cases were identified. In addition, the authors summarize their experience in 6 patients including histopathological features, chronological presentations, outcomes, mortality, and management from their series as well as from previous cases from the reported literature. Conclusion: The coexistence of multiple, primary brain tumors is an interesting condition. Surgical management remains the major treatment; malignant histology has a poor prognostic factor.
Assessment of Sleep Quality among Medical Doctors in a Tertiary Hospital in a Semi-Rural Setting
Authors: Aliyu Ibrahim , Mohammed Ismail Inuwa , Lawal Taslim O. , Gudaji Mustapha , Garba Nuhu , Monsudi Kehinde Fasasi , Michael Godpower Chinedu , Peter Igoche David 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACT
Introduction: Sleep is an integral part of human physiology; therefore, disorders of sleep may result in significant derangement in human functionality. Sleep medicine has received little attention in Nigeria. Against this backdrop, this survey seeks to evaluate the quality of sleep among doctors. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study involving 59 doctors working with Federal Medical Centre Birnin Kebbi, Kebbi State, Nigeria; it was done between August 2017 and December 2017. Purposive sampling method was adopted. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) were adopted. The questionnaire was self-administered. Results: There were 34 (57.6%) males and 25 (42.4%) females. Their age ranged from 20 to 66 years, with a mean of 34.39 ± 8.00. The Epworth score ranged from 8 to 29, with a mean of 16.1 ± 4.4, while the PSQI score ranged from 5 to 19, with a mean of 9.5 ± 2.7. The mean work hour per week was 90.3 ± 36.2 h, and majority of the respondents worked for >80 h and or >24 h consecutively in the preceding week, and most had high ESS scores; however, this observation was not statistically significant (Fisher's exact test = 4.0904, P = 0.213). All respondents were poor sleepers and majority sleep for <7 h in the night. Respondents had worked for 5 years and less; house officers and medical offers had more tendencies for daytime sleepiness. Conclusion: All respondents were poor sleepers and also had prolonged work hours per week; there was also heightened daytime sleepiness.
Mercury distribution in the upper troposphere and lowermost stratosphere according to measurements by the IAGOS-CARIBIC observatory: 2014–2016
Authors: Slemr Franz , Weigelt Andreas , Ebinghaus Ralf , Bieser Johannes , Brenninkmeijer Carl A. M. , Rauthe-Schöch Armin , Hermann Markus , Martinsson Bengt G. , van Velthoven Peter , Bönisch Harald , Neumaier Marco , Zahn Andreas , Ziereis Helmut 
Published: August 2018

Abstract. Mercury was measured onboard the IAGOS-CARIBIC passenger aircraft from May 2005 until February 2016 during near monthly sequences of mostly four intercontinental flights from Germany to destinations in North and South America, Africa and South and East Asia. Most of these mercury data were obtained using an internal default signal integration procedure of the Tekran instrument but since April 2014 more precise and accurate data were obtained using post-flight manual integration of the instrument raw signal. In this paper we use the latter data.Increased upper tropospheric total mercury (TM) concentrations due to large scale biomass burning were observed in the upper troposphere (UT) at the equator and southern latitudes during the flights to Latin America and South Africa in boreal autumn (SON) and boreal winter (DJF). TM concentrations in the lowermost stratosphere (LMS) decrease with altitude above the thermal tropopause but the gradient is less steep than reported before. Seasonal variation of the vertical TM distribution in the UT and LMS is similar to that of other trace gases with surface sources and stratospheric sinks. Speciation experiments suggest comparable TM and gaseous elementary mercury (GEM) concentrations at and below the tropopause leaving little space for Hg2+ (TM − GEM) being the dominating component of TM here. In the stratosphere significant GEM concentrations were found to exist up to 4 km altitude above the thermal tropopause. Correlations with N2O as a reference tracer suggest stratospheric lifetimes of 72±37 and 74±27 years for TM and GEM, respectively, comparable to the stratospheric lifetime of COS. This coincidence, combined with pieces of evidence from us and other researchers, corroborates the hypothesis that Hg2+ formed by oxidation in the stratosphere attaches to sulfate particles formed mainly by oxidation of COS and is removed with them from the stratosphere by air mass exchange, gravitational sedimentation and cloud scavenging processes.
Estimating network related risks: A methodology and an application in the transport sector
Authors: Hackl Jürgen , Lam Juan Carlos , Heitzler Magnus , Adey Bryan T. , Hurni Lorenz 
Published: August 2018

Abstract. Networks such as
transportation, water, and power are critical lifelines for society. Managers
plan and execute interventions to guarantee the operational state of their
networks under various circumstances, including after the occurrence of
(natural) hazard events. Creating an intervention program demands knowing the
probable direct and indirect consequences (i.e., risk) of the various hazard
events that could occur in order to be able to mitigate their effects. This paper
introduces a methodology to support network managers in the quantification of
the risk related to their networks. The methodology is centered on the
integration of the spatial and temporal attributes of the events that need to
be modeled to estimate the risk. Furthermore, the methodology supports the
inclusion of the uncertainty of these events and the propagation of these
uncertainties throughout the risk modeling. The methodology is implemented
through a modular simulation engine that supports the updating and swapping
of models according to the needs of network managers. This work demonstrates
the usefulness of the methodology and simulation engine through an
application to estimate the potential impact of floods and mudflows on a road
network located in Switzerland. The application includes the modeling of
(i) multiple time-varying hazard events; (ii) their physical and functional
effects on network objects (i.e., bridges and road sections); (iii) the
functional interrelationships of the affected objects; (iv) the resulting
probable consequences in terms of expected costs of restoration, cost of
traffic changes, and duration of network disruption; and (v) the restoration
of the network.
Overflow of cold water across the Iceland–Faroe Ridge through the Western Valley
Authors: Hansen Bogi , Larsen Karin Margretha Húsgarð , Olsen Steffen Malskær , Quadfasel Detlef , Jochumsen Kerstin , Østerhus Svein 
Published: August 2018

Abstract. The Iceland–Faroe Ridge (IFR) is considered to be the
third most important passage for dense overflow water from the Nordic Seas
feeding into the lower limb of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning
Circulation with a volume transport on the order of 1 Sv (106 m3 s−1).
The Western Valley, which is the northernmost deep passage across
the IFR, has been presumed to supply a strong and persistent overflow
(WV-overflow), contributing a large fraction of the total overflow across
the IFR. However, prolonged measurements of this transport are so far
missing. In order to quantify the flow by direct measurements, three
instrumental packages were deployed close to the sill of the Western Valley
for 278 days (2016–2017) including an acoustic Doppler current profiler at
the expected location of the overflow core. The average volume transport of
WV-overflow during this field experiment was found to be (0.02±0.05)
Sv. Aided by the observations and a two-layer hydraulic model, we argue that
the reason for this low value is the inflow of warm Atlantic water to the
Norwegian Sea in the upper layers suppressing the deep overflow. The link
between deep and surface flows explains an observed relationship between
overflow and sea level slope as measured by satellite altimetry. This
relationship, combined with historical hydrographic measurements, allows us
to conclude that the volume transport of WV-overflow most likely has been
less than 0.1 Sv on average since the beginning of regular satellite
altimetry in 1993. Our new direct measurements do not allow us to present an
updated estimate of the total overflow across the IFR, but they indicate
that it may well be considerably less than 1 Sv.
What are the prospects for seasonal prediction of the marine environment of the North-west European Shelf?
Authors: Tinker Jonathan , Krijnen Justin , Wood Richard , Barciela Rosa , Dye Stephen R. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract. Sustainable management and utilisation of the North-west European Shelf (NWS) seas
could benefit from reliable forecasts of the marine environment on
monthly to seasonal timescales. Recent advances in global seasonal forecast
systems and regional marine reanalyses for the NWS allow us to investigate
the potential for seasonal forecasts of the state of the NWS. We identify three possible approaches to address this issue: (A) basing NWS
seasonal forecasts directly on output from the Met Office's GloSea5 global
seasonal forecast system; (B) developing empirical downscaling relationships
between large-scale climate drivers predicted by GloSea5 and the state of
the NWS; and (C) dynamically downscaling GloSea5 using a regional model. We
show that the GloSea5 system can be inadequate for simulating the NWS
directly (approach A). We explore empirical relationships between the winter
North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and NWS variables estimated using a
regional reanalysis (approach B). We find some statistically significant
relationships and present a skillful prototype seasonal forecast for English
Channel sea surface temperature. We find large-scale relationships between inter-annual variability in the
boundary conditions and inter-annual variability modelled on the shelf,
suggesting that dynamic downscaling may be possible (approach C). We also
show that for some variables there are opposing mechanisms correlated with the
NAO, for which dynamic downscaling may improve on the skill possible with
empirical forecasts. We conclude that there is potential for the development
of reliable seasonal forecasts for the NWS and consider the research
priorities for their development.
Anatomia da madeira do Angico Branco, Albizia austrobrasilica Burk.
Authors: Marchiori José Newton Cardoso 
Published: August 2018

The wood anatomy of Albizia austrobrasilica Burk. is described and photomicrographs of its structure are furnished.Very short vascular elements, simple perforation plates, paratracheal axial parenchyma, homogeneous rays and libriform fibres, are the most important features in the wood anatomy. These aspects are common among the Leguminosae and indicate a high level of wood specialization. Septated fibres, vestured pits and the absence of any kind of storied arrangement of cells (ripple marks), are also important to the identification of this wood.