bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Critical Considerations on the Clinical Translation of Upconversion Nanoparticles (UCNPs): Recommendations from the European Upconversion Network (COST Action CM1403)
Authors: Oliveira Helena , Bednarkiewicz Artur , Falk Andreas , Fröhlich Eleonore , Lisjak Darja , Prina‐Mello Adriele , Resch Susanne , Schimpel Christa , Vrček Ivana Vinković , Wysokińska Edyta , Gorris Hans H. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe unique photoluminescent properties of upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) have attracted worldwide research interest and inspired many bioanalytical applications. The anti‐Stokes emission with long luminescence lifetimes, narrow and multiple absorption and emission bands, and excellent photostability enable background‐free and multiplexed detection in deep tissues. So far, however, in vitro and in vivo applications of UCNPs are restricted to the laboratory use due to safety concerns. Possible harmful effects may originate from the chemical composition but also from the small size of UCNPs. Potential end users must rely on well‐founded safety data. Thus, a risk to benefit assessment of the envisioned combined therapeutic and diagnostic (“theranostic”) applications is fundamentally important to bridge the translational gap between laboratory and clinics. The COST Action CM1403 “The European Upconversion Network—From the Design of Photon‐Upconverting Nanomaterials to Biomedical Applications” integrates research on UCNPs ranging from fundamental materials synthesis and research, detection instrumentation, biofunctionalization, and bioassay development to toxicity testing. Such an interdisciplinary approach is necessary for a better and safer theranostic use of UCNPs. Here, the status of nanotoxicity research on UCNPs is compared to other nanomaterials, and routes for the translation of UCNPs into clinical applications are delineated.
Interfacial Coupling Boosts Giant Electrocaloric Effects in Relaxor Polymer Nanocomposites: In Situ Characterization and Phase‐Field Simulation
Authors: Qian Jianfeng , Peng Renci , Shen Zhonghui , Jiang Jianyong , Xue Fei , Yang Tiannan , Chen Longqing , Shen Yang 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe electrocaloric effect (ECE) refers to reversible thermal changes of a polarizable material upon the application or removal of electric fields. Without a compressor or cooling agents, all‐solid‐state electrocaloric (EC) refrigeration systems are environmentally benign, highly compact, and of very high energy efficiency. Relaxor ferroelectric ceramics and polymers are promising candidates as EC materials. Here, synergistic efforts are made by composing relaxor Ba(Zr0.21Ti0.79)O3 nanofibers with P(VDF‐TrFE‐CFE) to make relaxor–relaxor‐type polymer nanocomposites. The ECEs of the nanocomposites are directly measured and these relaxor nanocomposites exhibit, so far, the highest EC temperature change at a modest electric field, along with high thermal stability within a broad temperature range span to room temperature. The superior EC performance is attributed to the interfacial coupling between dipoles across the filler/polymer interfaces. The thermodynamics and kinetics of interfacial coupling are investigated in situ by piezoresponse force microscopy while the real‐time evolution of interfacial coupling is simulated and visualized by phase‐field modeling.
Plasmonic‐Assisted Graphene Oxide Artificial Muscles
Authors: Han Bing , Zhang Yong‐Lai , Zhu Lin , Li Ying , Ma Zhuo‐Chen , Liu Yu‐Qing , Zhang Xu‐Lin , Cao Xiao‐Wen , Chen Qi‐Dai , Qiu Cheng‐Wei , Sun Hong‐Bo 
Published: December 2018

AbstractMuscles and joints make highly coordinated motion, which can be partly mimicked to drive robots or facilitate activities. However, most cases primarily employ actuators enabling simple deformations. Therefore, a mature artificial motor system requires many actuators assembled with jointed structures to accomplish complex motions, posing limitations and challenges to the fabrication, integration, and applicability of the system. Here, a holistic artificial muscle with integrated light‐addressable nodes, using one‐step laser printing from a bilayer structure of poly(methyl methacrylate) and graphene oxide compounded with gold nanorods (AuNRs), is reported. Utilizing the synergistic effect of the AuNRs with high plasmonic property and wavelength‐selectivity as well as graphene with good flexibility and thermal conductivity, the artificial muscle can implement full‐function motility without further integration, which is reconfigurable through wavelength‐sensitive light activation. A biomimetic robot and artificial hand are demonstrated, showcasing functionalized control, which is desirable for various applications, from soft robotics to human assists.
Total Reflection Metasurface with Pure Modulated Signal
Authors: Chen Lianwei , Li Yang , Hong Minghui 
Published: December 2018

AbstractMetasurface has been proposed as one critical platform for orbital angular momentum (OAM) multiplexing. While metasurfaces have unique advantages to achieve light modulation with an ultrathin 2D layer, the relatively low transfer efficiency is a primary drawback. Such weakness leads to the mixing of unmodulated light into the output signal and greatly limits the functionality. A new design strategy is presented to fabricate self‐filtering metasurface with pure signal light, which is computationally and experimentally verified on different applications, and it is also insensitive to the incident light polarization. Normal metasurface system requires bulky polarizer and filter, while our ultrathin design paves the way to multifunctional metasurface‐based chip‐scale circuits to replace the conventional bulky optical components. A proof‐of‐principle meta‐cavity is designed to improve the transfer efficiency by 83%, while theoretical calculation shows 633% enhancement for an upgraded setup. This design can be widely applied to OAM optics, integrated photonics, optical sensing, data processing, and nanoimaging.
Chemo‐selective Rh(II)/Pd(0) Dual Catalysis: Synthesis of All‐Carbon C3‐Quaternary Allylic Oxindoles from N‐Aryl‐α‐Diazo‐β‐Keto‐Amides with Functionalized Allyl Carbonates
Authors: Chen Ling‐Hang , Ma Yang‐Ting , Yang Fang , Huang Xiao‐Yan , Chen Shu‐Wei , Ji Kegong , Chen Zi‐Sheng 
Published: December 2018

AbstractA chemo‐selective Rh(II)/Pd(0) dual catalysis that promotes one‐pot synthesis of C3‐quaternary allylic oxindoles from N‐aryl‐α‐diazo‐β‐ketoamides and functionalized allyl carbonates in good to excellent yields has been developed. The efficiency of this transformation relies on the choice of Rh(II)/Pd(0) dual catalysis strategy that enabled cascade intramolecular aryl C−H insertion and allylic alkylation under mild conditions.magnified image
Organocatalytic Asymmetric Synthesis of 2,5‐Disubstituted Oxazolidines
Authors: Mukhopadhyay Soumendranath , Pan Subhas Chandra 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe first organocatalytic asymmetric synthesis of 2,5‐disubstituted oxazolidines has been developed via hemiaminal formation between alkyl aldehydes and N‐tosyl aminomethyl enones followed by intramolecular oxa‐Michael reaction. Quinine derived bifunctional squaramide catalyst was found to be efficient for this reaction and a variety of alkyl aldehydes and N‐tosyl aminomethyl enones were employed.magnified image
High‐Temperature Phase Change Material (PCM) Selection for Concentrating Solar Power Tower Applications
Authors: Ong Teng‐Cheong , Graham Elizabeth , Will Geoffrey , Steinberg Theodore A. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractWith current concerns about the environmental impact of greenhouse gas emissions, reducing our reliance on fossil fuels has become an ever‐growing necessity. A thermal energy storage system that utilizes phase change materials (PCMs) in the form of molten salts, coupled with a concentrating solar power tower plant, is proposed as an effective means of achieving highly efficient and cost competitive power generation on par with traditional fossil fuel–based power. In this study, a set of five selection criteria are applied to a wide range of salt mixtures to determine the best candidates for use as PCMs. The selection criteria include the salt mixture's melting temperature, latent heat, thermal conductivity, material safety, and cost. A shortlist of 20 salt candidates is made, and differential scanning calorimetry experiments are performed on them to verify the thermal properties of these candidates. A final list of eight salts is then selected as the best PCMs for use in a working temperature range between 500 and 800 °C.
Controlling Conductive Filament and Tributyrin Sensing Using an Optimized Porous Iridium Interfacial Layer in Cu/Ir/TiNxOy/TiN
Authors: Dutta Mrinmoy , Maikap Siddheswar , Qiu Jiantai Timothy 
Published: December 2018

AbstractControlling the copper (Cu) filament using an optimized porous iridium (Ir) interfacial layer thickness ranging from 2 to 20 nm in a Cu/Ir/TiNxOy/TiN resistive switching memory device is investigated for the first time. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) shows a porous Ir layer, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) is performed to determine the Ir0, Ir3+/Ir4+ oxidation states, which are responsible for a super‐Nernstian pH sensitivity of 125.5 mV pH−1 as well as a low concentration of 1 × 10−12m tributyrin detected using a 40 nm thick Ir in Ir/TiNxOy/TiN structure. The 5 nm thick Ir layer in the Cu/Ir/TiNxOy/TiN structure shows current–voltage switching characteristics for 3000 consecutive cycles, a stable RESET voltage, a long program/erase (P/E) endurance of >109 cycles under a P/E current of 300 µA at a high speed of 100 ns, and neuromorphic phenomena compared to those of other Ir thicknesses. Cu migration into the TiNxOy oxide‐electrolyte is shown by TEM observations. The tributyrin detection ranging from 1 × 10−12 to 100 × 10−12m using a resistive switching memory device paves the way for the early diagnosis of human diseases as well as artificial intelligence applications in the near future.
Physical activity energy expenditure and cardiometabolic health in three rural Kenyan populations
Authors: Lee Jerry C. , Westgate Kate , Boit Michael K. , Mwaniki David L. , Kiplamai Festus K. , Friis Henrik , Tetens Inge , Christensen Dirk L. , Brage Soren 
Published: December 2018

AbstractObjectivesPhysical activity is beneficial for metabolic health but the extent to which this may differ by ethnicity is still unclear. Here, the objective was to characterize the association between physical activity energy expenditure (PAEE) and cardiometabolic risk among the Luo, Kamba, and Maasai ethnic groups of rural Kenya.MethodsIn a cross‐sectional study of 1084 rural Kenyans, free‐living PAEE was objectively measured using individually‐calibrated heart rate and movement sensing. A clustered metabolic syndrome risk score (zMS) was developed by averaging the sex‐specific z‐scores of five risk components measuring central adiposity, blood pressure, lipid levels, glucose tolerance, and insulin resistance.ResultszMS was 0.08 (−0.09; −0.06) SD lower for every 10 kJ/kg/day difference in PAEE after adjustment for age and sex; this association was modified by ethnicity (interaction with PAEE P < 0.05). When adjusted for adiposity, each 10 kJ/kg/day difference in PAEE was predicted to lower zMS by 0.04 (−0.05, −0.03) SD, without evidence of interaction by ethnicity. The Maasai were predicted to have higher cardiometabolic risk than the Kamba and Luo at every quintile of PAEE, with a strong dose‐dependent decreasing trend among all ethnicities.ConclusionFree‐living PAEE is strongly inversely associated with cardiometabolic risk in rural Kenyans. Differences between ethnic groups in this association were observed but were explained by differences in central adiposity. Therefore, targeted interventions to increase PAEE are more likely to be effective in subgroups with high central adiposity, such as Maasai with low levels of PAEE.
Body mass index and parasympathetic nervous system reactivity and recovery following graded exercise
Authors: Gerardo Gina M. , Williams DeWayne P. , Kessler Michael , Spangler Derek P. , Hillecke Thomas K. , Thayer Julian F. , Koenig Julian 
Published: December 2018

AbstractObjectivesThe present study sought to expand upon prior investigations examining patterns of vagally mediated heart rate variability (vmHRV) and perceived exertion as a function of body mass index (BMI) in response to and recovery from exercise.MethodsParticipants underwent a resting (baseline) period, followed by a graded exercise protocol on an ergometer with ascending difficulty stages, and finally another resting (recovery) period. Individuals were stratified into three BMI groups: low, moderate, and high.ResultsIndividuals in the high BMI group exhibited a significantly greater decrease in vmHRV from baseline to graded exercise in comparison to the moderate BMI group. Individuals in the high BMI group also showed significantly lower vmHRV at recovery compared with baseline than individuals with moderate BMI; indicating that the high BMI group's vmHRV did not recover to the degree of those in the moderate BMI group. No significant results regarding vmHRV were found in the low BMI group. Of note, BMI and perceived exertion during the recovery period were positively associated. Results also showed a significant negative association between vmHRV and perceived exertion at each grade of exercise. There was no significant association between vmHRV and perceived exertion during baseline or recovery.ConclusionsThis report extends prior research studying BMI and patterns of vmHRV reactivity in the domain of physical exercise. Our data contribute to previous reports suggesting that high BMI can lead to maladaptive patterns of vmHRV reactivity to and recovery from physical exercise.
The oculoauriculofrontonasal syndrome: Further clinical characterization and additional evidence suggesting a nontraditional mode of inheritance
Authors: Lehalle Daphné , Altunoglu Umut , Bruel Ange‐Line , Assoum Mirna , Duffourd Yannis , Masurel Alice , Baujat Geneviève , Bessieres Bettina , Captier Guillaume , Edery Patrick , Elçioğlu Nursel H. , Geneviève David , Goldenberg Alice , Héron Delphine , Grotto Sarah , Marlin Sandrine , Putoux Audrey , Rossi Massimiliano , Saugier‐Veber Pascale , Triau Stéphane , Cabrol Christelle , Vézain Myriam , Vincent‐Delorme Catherine , Thauvin‐Robinet Christel , Thevenon Julien , Vabres Pierre , Callier Patrick , Kayserili Hulya , Faivre Laurence 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe oculoauriculofrontonasal syndrome (OAFNS) is a rare disorder characterized by the association of frontonasal dysplasia (widely spaced eyes, facial cleft, and nose abnormalities) and oculo‐auriculo‐vertebral spectrum (OAVS)‐associated features, such as preauricular ear tags, ear dysplasia, mandibular asymmetry, epibulbar dermoids, eyelid coloboma, and costovertebral anomalies. The etiology is unknown so far. This work aimed to identify molecular bases for the OAFNS. Among a cohort of 130 patients with frontonasal dysplasia, accurate phenotyping identified 18 individuals with OAFNS. We describe their clinical spectrum, including the report of new features (micro/anophtalmia, cataract, thyroid agenesis, polymicrogyria, olfactory bulb hypoplasia, and mandibular cleft), and emphasize the high frequency of nasal polyps in OAFNS (56%). We report the negative results of ALX1, ALX3, and ALX4 genes sequencing and next‐generation sequencing strategy performed on blood‐derived DNA from respectively, four and four individuals. Exome sequencing was performed in four individuals, genome sequencing in one patient with negative exome sequencing result. Based on the data from this series and the literature, diverse hypotheses can be raised regarding the etiology of OAFNS: mosaic mutation, epigenetic anomaly, oligogenism, or nongenetic cause. In conclusion, this series represents further clinical delineation work of the rare OAFNS, and paves the way toward the identification of the causing mechanism.
Gastroesophageal reflux disease increases the risk of chronic rhinosinusitis: a nested case‐control study using a national sample cohort
Authors: Kim So Young , Park Bumjung , Lim Hyun , Kim Miyoung , Kong Il Gyu , Choi Hyo Geun 
Published: December 2018

BackgroundThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the relations between gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and chronic rhinosinusitus (CRS) in a Korean population.MethodsSubjects from the Korean National Health Insurance Service‒National Sample Cohort, all ≥20 years old, were assessed from 2002 to 2013. In total, 23,489 CRS participants were matched with 93,956 controls at a ratio of 1:4 with respect to age, group, sex, income group, region of residence, hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia. We analyzed previous history of GERD in the CRS and control groups. The CRS group included patients identified using International Classification of Diseases 10th edition (ICD‐10) codes (J32) who had treated their CRS ≥2 times and had undergone head and neck computed tomography (CT). The GERD group included patients identified using the ICD‐10 (K21) code who had treated their GERD ≥2 times and had taken a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) for ≥2 weeks. Crude and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) were analyzed using unconditional logistic regression analyses. The 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. Subgroup analyses were performed according to age and sex.ResultsThe rate of GERD was higher in the CRS group (17.1% [4020 of 23,489]) than in the control group (9.1% [8522 of 93,956]; p < 0.001). The adjusted OR of GERD was 2.04 (95% CI, 1.96‐2.13; p < 0.001) in the CRS group. The results of the subgroup analyses were consistent.ConclusionThe ORs of GERD were increased in CRS participants. This relationship was consistent in all age and sex groups.
Isotropic Bipolaron–Fermion Exchange Theory and Unconventional Pairing in Cuprate Superconductors
Authors: Bru Jean‐Bernard , de Siqueira Pedra Walter , Delgado de Pasquale Antonio 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe appearance of unconventional pairing in superconducting cuprates is examined from a microscopic model, taking into account important properties of hole‐doped copper oxides. An exchange interaction between fermions and dominantly inter‐site bipolarons is considered to be the mechanism which leads to the pairing. Its momentum dependency is connected to the well‐established fermion–phonon anomalies in cuprate superconductors. Since charge carriers in these materials are strongly correlated, a screened Coulomb repulsion is added to this exchange term. Any ad hoc assumptions like anisotropy are avoided, but a microscopic explanation of unconventional pairing for coupling strengths that are in accordance with experimental facts is provided. One important outcome is a mathematically rigorous elucidation of the role of Coulomb repulsion in unconventional pairing, which is shown to be concomitant with a strong depletion of superconducting pairs. The theory, applied to the special case of LaSr 214, predicts at optimal doping i) a coherence length of , which is the same as that obtained from the Ginzburg–Landau critical magnetic field measured for this material, and ii) d‐wave pair formation in the pseudogap regime, that is, at temperatures much higher than the superconducting transition temperature.
Microsatellite markers for the prized matsutake mushroom (Tricholoma matsutake, Tricholomataceae)
Authors: Li Jian‐Wen , Yin Xin , Zhao You‐Jie , Yang Shu‐Jiao , Vaario Lu‐Min , Yang Xue‐Fei 
Published: December 2018

Premise of the StudyNovel and cost‐effective microsatellite markers were developed to explore the population genetics, biogeographic structure, and evolutionary history of the prized Euro‐Asian wild edible ectomycorrhizal fungus Tricholoma matsutake (Tricholomataceae).Methods and resultsEighteen new polymorphic simple sequence repeat loci, detected from a microsatellite‐enriched genomic library, were used to characterize 131 individuals from eight T. matsutake populations. The number of alleles ranged from two to 10, with averages of 1.42 to 3.22. Levels of observed and expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.00–1.00 and from 0.00–0.83, with mean values of 0.21 and 0.26, respectively. In total, 50% of the loci showed interspecific transferability and polymorphism in the related species T. equestre.ConclusionsThese newly developed markers will aid research into the genetic diversity and population structure of T. matsutake. They can also be used in other species of Tricholoma.
Sustainable consumer behavior
Authors: Trudel Remi 
Published: December 2018

AbstractMost agree that climate change is a serious threat. It has increasingly been recognized by scientists and policymakers as a consumer behavior issue: What, how, and how much people consume directly impacts the environment. Sustainable consumer behavior is behavior that attempts to satisfy present needs while simultaneously benefiting or limiting environmental impact. Moreover, understanding sustainable consumer behavior is central to any paradigm shifts in how society approaches environmental problems. This article summarizes and organizes research from the past 20 years and explores the psychological drivers of sustainable consumer behavior. Four areas of scientific inquiry that have dominated research agendas are identified: (a) cognitive barriers, (b) the self, (c) social influence, and (d) product characteristics. The objective is to provide a valuable research tool that stimulates additional research in the area of sustainable consumer behavior.
Nanopore‐Based Confined Spaces for Single‐Molecular Analysis
Authors: Wang Jiajun , Yang Jie , Ying Yi‐Lun , Long Yi‐Tao 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe field of nanopore sensing at the single‐molecular level is in a “boom” period. Such nanopores, which are either composed of biological materials or are fabricated from solid‐state substrates, offer a unique confined space that is compatible with the single‐molecular scale. Under the influence of an electrical field, such single‐biomolecular interfaces can read single‐molecular information and, if appropriately fine‐tuned, each molecule plays its individual ionic rhythm to compose a “molecular symphony”. Over the past few decades, many research groups have worked on nanopore‐based single‐molecular sensors for a range of thrilling chemical and clinical applications. Furthermore, for the past decade, we have also focused on nanopore‐based sensors. In this Minireview, we summarize the recent developments in fundamental research and applications in this area, along with data algorithms and advances in hardware, which act as infrastructure for the electrochemical analysis.
Ladder‐Type Nonacyclic Arene Bis(thieno[3,2‐b]thieno)cyclopentafluorene as a Promising Building Block for Non‐Fullerene Acceptors
Authors: Fan Xiaobing , Gao Jianhong , Wang Wei , Xiao Shengqiang , Zhan Chun , Lu Xinhui , Zhang Qichun 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe ladder‐type nonacyclic arene (bis(thieno[3,2‐b]thieno)cyclopentafluorene (BTTF)) has been designed and synthesized through fusing thienothiophenes with the fluorene core from the synthon of dimethyl 9,9‐dioctyl‐2,7‐bis(thieno[3,2‐b]thiophen‐2‐yl)fluorene‐3,6‐dicarboxylate. With BTTF as the central donor unit, a novel acceptor–donor–acceptor (A‐D‐A) type non‐fullerene small‐molecule acceptor (BTTFIC) was prepared with 1,1‐dicyanomethylene‐3‐indanones (IC) as the peripheral acceptor units. The energy level of the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) of BTTFIC locate at −5.56 and −3.95 eV, respectively, presenting a low optical band gap of 1.58 eV. Encouragingly, polymer solar cells based on the blends of BTTFIC with both the representative wide‐ and low‐bandgap polymer donors (PBDB‐T, 1.82 eV. PTB7‐Th, 1.58 eV) offer power conversion efficiencies over 8 % (8.78±0.18 % for PBDB‐T:BTTFIC and 8.18±0.29 % for PTB7‐Th:BTTFIC). These results highlight the advantage of ladder‐type BTTF on the preparation of nonfullerene acceptors with extended conjugated backbones.