bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Methodology of Selection of Heavy and Oversized Freight Transportation System
Authors: Petraška Artūras , Čižiūnienė Kristina , Prentkovskis Olegas , Jarašūnienė Aldona 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Dynamically changing economic conditions influence the growing demand of various freights transportation. Inevitably, the demand for heavy and oversized freight transportation is increasing, which is quite problematic. In many cases, it is very difficult to standardize the technology of heavy and oversized freight transportation. Decisions are necessary, which would allow to deliver heavy or oversized freight to the destination place, allocating fewer funds as possible for infrastructure improvements, choosing the most appropriate mode of transport for such freight transportation or using advantages of multimodal (combined) transport. In this article there will be selected methodology of heavy and oversized freight transportation system, carrying heavy and oversized freight by road transport. There will also be made an approval of this methodology, based on a hypothetical route within Lithuanian territory.
Probabilistic Reasoning for Improving the Predictive Maintenance of Vital Electrical Machine: Case Study
Authors: Lakehal Abdelaziz , Ramdane Ahmed , Tachi Fouad 
Published: April 2018

Nowadays, new information technologies produce new methodological approaches attempting to extract not just valid and reliable information, but more generally a particular technical and professional expertise to support the decision making. A Bayesian network was developed for fault assessment of an electrical motor. By inference, this model made it possible to calculate the probability of rotor fault of the induction motor, while defining the weakest branch in the structure of the Bayesian network that leads to failure by determining the probabilities of intermediate events. The most likely faults were then defined and the information system consolidated, as well as the decision-making process. The article ends with an application that shows the methodology developed and gives some results illustrated by figures. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Increasing Optical Performance of the 7000 K, 8500 K Remote Packaging WLEDs by the Red-emitting α-SrO·3B2O3:Sm2+ Conversion Phosphor
Authors: Tran Hoang Quang Minh , Nguyen Huu Khanh Nhan , Lee Hsiao-Yi 
Published: April 2018

In this paper, by mixing the red-emitting α-SrO·3B2O3:Sm2+ conversion phosphor to yellow-emitting YAG:Ce phosphor compound, an innovative recommendation for increasing optical performance of white LEDs (WLEDs) with remote packaging, which has an average correlated color temperature (CCT) of 700K and 8500K, is proposed and demonstrated. By varying α-SrO·3B2O3:Sm2+ concentration from 2% to 24 %, the obtained results indicated that color uniformity, color rendering index (CRI), color quality scale (CQS), and luminous flux could be improved significantly. The results demonstrated a prospective recommendation for manufacturing remote packaging phosphor WLEDs. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Recent findings of wild European flat oysters Ostrea edulis (Linnaeus, 1758) in Belgian and Dutch offshore waters: new perspectives for offshore oyster reef restoration in the southern North Sea
Authors: Kerckhof Francis , Coolen Joop W.P. , Rumes Bob , Degraer Steven 
Published: April 2018

The European flat oyster, Ostrea edulis, is an emblematic and ecologically important species that was fished to virtual extinction in Belgian and Dutch waters in the 19th century. We report on recent findings of live specimens in Belgian and Dutch waters, an indication for the presence of O. edulis in these waters. Though small, these relict populations provide possibilities for natural recovery of O. edulis reefs in Belgian and Dutch waters, provided the oyster’s habitat requirements are restored (e.g., exclusion of bottom disturbance). We suggest investigating whether a natural, yet slow, recovery using fisheries closures and gravel bed restoration is a feasible alternative to the currently envisaged human-mediated re-introduction of O. edulis in the North Sea. We identify and address the challenge of O. edulis detection and identification as an important issue blurring the true presence and distribution of oysters.
A Comparative Study of Differences between Chinese and American Family Educational Approaches
Authors: Sang Kangru 
Published: April 2018

Education is not only a science but an art. During the children's entire education, school education is in a dominant position but family education plays a key role. Children's growth needs education, help, and guide from parents. With the development of Chinese society and economy, the importance of family education of children grows more and more significant. But because of cultural traditions, lifestyle, social customs, ideas and sense of heritage, family education in China is still a weak part. The traditional concept of family education is being challenged. And many parents lack understanding of physiological and psychological development of the children during their growth, and lack proper education and effective methods to face the different stages of children's development. Consequently, parents tend to miss crucial educational opportunities. With different history, culture and social economic conditions between China and America, the formations of family education are producing a huge impact. American high level of culture and education also determines the United States the world leader in science and technology. The US has not only advanced school education but advanced family education, and their advanced educational concepts and teaching approaches are in line so that we can learn from American family education in a lot of places.Through questionnaire investigation and contrastive analysis, this thesis studies the differences between Chinese and American family educational approaches by three main aspects of intellectual education, moral and physical education, and life education. Firstly, this thesis discusses the reasons on the historical and cultural backgrounds and social conditions. Then this thesis describes the specific performance including the different status and contents, the comparison of parenting methods. In the end, this thesis has a brief summary of advantages and disadvantages of Chinese and American family educational approaches. This thesis tries to briefly describes and compares the intellectual education, moral and physical education and life education. Therefore, the aim of this thesis is in order to improve the quality of our family education. By studying the differences of family educational style between China and America, we do not mean to belittle our Chinese family education but is a kind of reflection. Absorbing American family education's advantages and removing the disadvantages of our family education style as well as keep our Chinese traditional merits of family education could make a benign circulation of healthy personnel training in our country. Thus, we could gain a competitive advantage in the future competition and gradually adapt to the world trend of the future.
LED Driving Power Online Detection System
Authors: Lei Youjian , Lin Xiaomin 
Published: April 2018

LED driving power is a necessary product for LED lighting; the behaviors of pursuing low-cost of some small and medium-sized enterprise producers in China directly affect the quality of LED power. Therefore, it is necessary to detect the reliability of the LED driving power. There are 4 main factors for the over-burning of the LED driving power: lightning oscillation frequency, voltage mutation frequency, switch motion frequency and static discharge frequency.For the above problems, this paper raises the LED driving power online detection system, including: surge voltage input module, main control module, pulse width modulation module, power module, thyristor control module, current transformer, amplifier, RMS-DC conversion module, A/D conversion module, display module, main control module connecting to surge voltage input module.The main operating principle is that the main control module connects the pulse width modulation module, which connects the thyristor control pole of the thyristor control module, the first anode thereof connects the power module; the primary side of current transformer connects the second anode of the thyristor control module through two wire switches, and the secondary side thereof connects the amplifier, which connects the RMS-DC conversion module; RMS-DC conversion module connects the A/D conversion module, which connects the main control module; the main control module also connects the display module. In addition, the project also provides the detection functions of LED output current, voltage digital display and different loads.
STRATEGY BMT AL-ITTIHAD USING MATRIX IE, MATRIX SWOT 8K, MATRIX SPACE AND TWOS MATRIX
Authors: Nofrizal Nofrizal , Widayat Prama 
Published: April 2018

This research aims to formulate and select BMT Al- Ittihad Rumbai strategy to face the changing of business environment both from internal environment such as organization resources, finance, member and external business such as competitor, economy, politics and others. This research method used Analysis of EFAS, IFAS, IE Matrix, SWOT-8K Matrix, SPACE Matrix and TWOS Matrix. our hope from this research it can assist BMT Al-Ittihad in formulating and selecting strategies for the sustainability of BMT Al-Ittihad in the future. The sample in this research is using purposive sampling technique that is the manager and leader of BMT Al-Ittihad Rumbai Pekanbaru. The result of this research shows that the position of BMT Al-Ittihad using IE Matrix, SWOT-8K Matrix and SPACE Matrix is in growth position, stabilization and aggressive . The choice of strategy after using TWOS Matrix is market penetration, market development, vertical integration, horizontal integration, and stabilization (careful.)
Humorous Script Oppositions in Classical Instrumental Music
Authors: Palmer James K. 
Published: April 2018

Most of us can recall chuckling, or even laughing out loud, at a humorous musical passage and perhaps recalling how much that experience increased our enjoyment of the music. This article focuses on musical humor in passages from instrumental works by Joseph Haydn, Michael Haydn, and Mozart. In the most general sense, musical humor arises when composers play with established conventions of musical discourse by writing something incongruous according to the stylistic context.I begin by briefly discussing the role of contrast in establishing musical humor in both historical and modern writings. I then introduce a strategy by which Classical composers created musical humor. I call this strategy “script opposition,” following linguistic theories of verbal humor. In my analytical discussion, I explain how “valence shifts” between implications of “high” and “low” create script oppositions, and demonstrate how these valence shifts are produced primarily by musical topics, but are bolstered by formal functions and cues in other musical parameters. My analytical and theoretical approach to musical humor draws on recent studies of musical topics, form, and communication in the Classical style, as well as concepts from recent linguistic theories of verbal humor.
Clinical Efficacy and Safety of Joint Butylphthalide and Human Albumin Treatment of PTCI
Authors: Yang Jinjian , Geng Deqin 
Published: April 2018

Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy and safety of butylphthalide joint human albumin in the treatment of the progress of type in acute cerebral infarction(PTCI). Methods: 120 patients with PTCI in Department of Neurology of Shuyang People’s Hospital were used to observe the efficacy. These patients were all treated by routine medicine including anti-platelet, statins, edaravone, ginkgo leaf extract and dipyridamole after admission. According to whether used butylphthalide and(or) human albumin in the treatment of PTCI, the patients were divided into A group 30 cases, B group 45 cases, and C group 45 cases.Patients of group C were given conventional treatment. Group B were given conventional treatment and human albumin injection(5g, ivgtt, qd, 3 days in a course); Group A were treated with butylphthalide (first,with butylphthalide and sodium chloride injection 100ml, ivgtt, for 7d, then with butylphthalide soft capsules 0.2g, tid, for 21d ), human albumin(5g, ivgtt, qd, for 3d) and routine medicine. The change of NIHSS score, Barthel Index, and mRS of three groups respectively during progress,1 week, 2 weeks and 90 days after progress were observed and analyzed. Results: NIHSS score, Barthel Index, and mRS of group A, group B and group C all showed no statistically significant (all p > 0.05) on 1 week after treatment; NIHSS score and mRS of group A were both lower than group B and group C on 2 weeks and 90 days after treatment, and both of them showed statistically significant (p<0.05); Barthel Index of group A was higher than group B and group C on 90 days after treatment,it showed statistically significant (p<0.05); The total effective rate of group A（96.7%） > group B（88.9%） > group C（77.8%),showed statistically significant (p<0.05). Conclusions: Butylphthalide joint human albumin treatment of PTCI has good therapeutic effect and safety, it is useful to clinical promotion and further research.
Research on Influence of Clopidogrel on Life Quality in Patients with Transient Ischemic Attack and its Influencing Factors
Authors: Chen Lanbo , Gu Xiaohong , Dong Bo 
Published: April 2018

Purpose: To analyze the basic situation and health related quality of life (HRQOL) results of patients with transient ischemic attack (TIA), and to study the influencing factors of health related quality of life in patients receiving clopidogrel. Method: Divide the TIA patients into clopidogrel group, aspirin group and untreated group. Measure HRQOL scores of TIA patients using the short form 36 questionnaire (SF-36) scale and analyze influencing factors of HRQOL with one-way ANOVA and multivariate stepwise linear regression statistical methods. Results: The differences of HRQOL scores among three groups are of statistical significance (F = 4.29, P = 0.00). There is no difference in HRQOL score between clopidogrel group and aspirin group (t = 5.35, P = 0.00), but HRQOL scores of clopidogrel group and aspirin group are higher than those of the untreated group (t = 6.14, P = 0.00; t = 5.16, P = 0.00). The HRQOL scores of clopidogrel group are positively correlated with diet, exercise, gender and family harmony (P < 0.05), but negatively correlated with diabetes, hypertension, smoking, drinking, hyperlipidemia, age, career and ABCD2 score (P < 0.05). Conclusion: TIA patients who received secondary prevention with clopidogrel and aspirin show better life quality results than those who did not. There were many factors influencing clopidogrel's treatment effect. Paying attention to middle-aged and elderly, the obese, mental workers and female TIA patients, teach TIA patients to quit smoking, drinking and eating low-salt and low-fat food, actively treating their hypertension, hyperlipidemia and diabetes and laying emphasis on psychological counseling and exercise can significantly improve the treatment effect of clopidogrel.
Perencanaan lokasi mini sabodam untuk pengendalian sedimentasi pada Calon Waduk Ciawi, DAS Ciliwung, Indonesia
Authors: Putra Santosa Sandy , Soewarno Soewarno , Kristianto Dwi 
Published: April 2018

Pengelolaan sedimentasi pada Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS) Ciliwung hulu adalah salah satu kunci keberhasilan rencana pembangunan Waduk Ciawi. Sedimen yang dibawa oleh aliran sungai dapat ditampung menggunakan konstruksi mini sabodam. Kapasitas tampung yang kecil dari mini sabodam membuat struktur tersebut ramah lingkungan dan mudah dibangun. Namun demikian, letak dari mini sabodam perlu direncanakan agar dapat berfungsi secara maksimal (menampung sedimen yang akan masuk ke calon Waduk Ciawi). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memprediksi volume sedimen yang akan tertahan serta lokasi usulan pembangunan mini sabodam di DAS Ciliwung Hulu. Analisis potensi sedimen dilakukan dengan pemodelan numeris SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) dan didasarkan pada karakteristik tanah, kelerengan, dan tutupan lahan yang ada. Kawasan DAS Ciliwung hulu diklasifikasikan ke dalam beberapa HRU (Hydrological Response Unit). Masing-masing HRU merepresentasikan respon kawasan tersebut terhadap kejadian hujan. Model yang telah divalidasi kemudian digunakan untuk mengukur laju sedimentasi pada lokasi usulan mini sabodam. Penelitian ini menghasilkan tata letak, kapasitas tampung minimum, dan pola pemeliharaan (pengerukan sedimen) yang harus dilakukan agar mini sabodam dapat terus berfungsi dengan baik. Hasil akhir penelitian ini merupakan rekomendasi penting bagi penyusunan rencana induk pengendalian sedimentasi Calon Waduk Ciawi.
ŞAİRLERDE VE ŞİİRLERİNDE BOŞLUK, SONSUZLUK VE FANİLİK DUYGUSU İLE İÇKİ TEMİ
Authors: DURUKOĞLU Salim 
Published: April 2018

Şiir; sözü güzelleştirme sanatını icranın yanında, tarih boyunca, insanın içindeki karmaşayı ve çözümsüzlüğü, ayıklama, aklama ve açıklama işlevini de üstlenmiştir. İçinde boşluğun, sonsuzluğun, faniliğin ayak seslerini duyan ve bunu başkalarına duyuran şairler, insan karanlığını aydınlığa çıkarmada bilim insanlarını bile geride ve gölgede bırakmışlardır. Bu yazıda Türk şiirinde işlendiği şekliyle insanın kaotik yanı ve bu karmaşa ile baş etme yolları arasındaki ilişki, az ve belli sayıdaki örnek üzerinden incelenmiştir. İnceleme sonucunda, yıkıcı ve yıpratıcı duyguların, özelde şairleri, genelde insanları, teselli arayışı içinde ya din duygusuna, ya da içki ve türevleri olan uyuşturucu ve uyuşma ihtiyacına yönelttiği saptanmıştır.
Redeemers or Destroyers of Empire? The Irish, State-Directed Colonization, and the Fight for a British-Canadian West, 1880–1883
Authors: Forest Timothy S. 
Published: April 2018

This article analyzes a proposal to have impoverished western Irish families then suffering from famine and distress colonize the Canadian prairies. London and Ottawa hoped that this “New Ireland” would solve several problems simultaneously. Their masculine, yeoman, loyal, “British” character would be rejuvenated as they pioneered homesteads. A state-directed colonization would ensure that this redemption occurred under the watchful eye of London and Ottawa. As they were rehabilitated, they would serve simultaneously as pioneer producers, consumers of British-made goods, “kith and kin” bolsterers of “Britishness,” and as soldier-settlers defending Canada and the Empire against Irish nationalism, the United States, French Canadians, the Métis, First Peoples, and immigrants from continental Europe. Yet this scheme never materialized. The British were publicly torn between rehabilitating the Irish and ridding itself of a poor, rebellious population. This led Canadians to believe the British would “shovel paupers” onto their shores. The Irish regarded the scheme as nothing more than “transportation” wrapped in a more benign guise. They were also caught between the ethos of self-help and the “New Imperialism” and growing state paternalism. If they could not be redeemed, as Social Darwinism and continued Irish unrest was arguing, then they might actually debase Britishness, and even potentially join the Métis and First Peoples in their disaffection. A growing Canadian identity led many to believe Canada would be better off settling seasoned American and New Immigrant farmers instead. The assisted Irish might undercut western Canadians' hard-won economic and social status as yeomen. Employers too routinely dismissed the Irish as unreliable, lazy, impertinent, and irredeemable.
Long-term tumor control following stereotactic radiosurgery for jugular paraganglioma using 3D volumetric segmentation
Authors: Patel Neil S. , Carlson Matthew L. , Pollock Bruce E. , Driscoll Colin L. W. , Neff Brian A. , Foote Robert L. , Lohse Christine M. , Link Michael J. 
Published: April 2018

OBJECTIVEThe morbidity of gross-total resection of jugular paraganglioma (JP) is often unacceptable due to the potential for irreversible lower cranial neuropathy. Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) has been used at the authors’ institution since 1990 for the treatment of JP and other benign intracranial tumors. Conventional means of assessing tumor progression using linear measurements or elliptical approximations are imprecise due to the irregular shape and insinuating growth pattern of JP. The objective of this study was to assess long-term tumor control in these patients by using slice-by-slice 3D volumetric segmentation of serial MRI data.METHODSRadiographic data and clinical records were reviewed retrospectively at a single, tertiary-care academic referral center for patients treated from 1990 to 2017. Volumetric analyses by integration of consecutive tumor cross-sectional areas (tumor segmentation) of serial MRI data were performed. Tumor progression was defined as volumetric growth of 15% or greater over the imaging interval. Primary outcomes analyzed included survival free of radiographic and clinical progression. Secondary outcomes included new or worsened cranial neuropathy.RESULTSA total of 85 patients were treated with Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKRS) for JP at the authors’ institution over the last 27 years. Sixty patients had pretreatment and serial posttreatment contrast-enhanced MRI follow-up suitable for volumetric analysis. A total of 214 MR images were analyzed to segment tumor images in a slice-by-slice fashion to calculate integral tumor volume. The median follow-up duration was 66 months (range 7–202 months). At 5 years the tumor progression-free survival rate was 98%. Three tumors exhibited progression more than 10 years after GKRS. Estimated survival free of radiographic progression rates (95% confidence interval [CI]; n = number still at risk) at 5, 10, and 15 years following radiosurgery were 98% (95% CI 94%–100%; n = 34), 94% (95% CI 85%–100%; n = 16), and 74% (95% CI 56%–98%; n = 6), respectively. One patient with tumor progression required treatment intervention using external beam radiation therapy, constituting the only case of clinical progression. Two patients (3%) without preexisting lower cranial nerve dysfunction developed new ipsilateral vocal fold paralysis following radiosurgery.CONCLUSIONSSRS achieves excellent long-term tumor control for JP without a high risk for new or worsened cranial neuropathy when used in primary, combined modality, or recurrent settings. Long-term follow-up is critical due to the potential for late radiographic progression (i.e., more than 10 years after SRS). As none of the patients with late progression have required salvage therapy, the clinical implications of this degree of tumor growth have yet to be determined.