bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
LÍNEA JURISPRUDENCIAL DEL CONSEJO DE ESTADO SOBRE LOS TÍTULOS DE IMPUTACIÓN PARA ATRIBUIR RESPONSABILIDAD MÉDICA
Authors: ESTRADA ESPAÑA KARELLYS NORAINE 
Published: August 2019

Este artículo construye la línea jurisprudencial de la Sección Tercera del Consejo de Estado en materia de títulos de imputación para atribuir responsabilidad médica estatal en Colombia, en el periodo comprendido entre el año 1991 y el año 2016. En el proyecto se identifican los cambios en los títulos de imputación, se describen las tesis planteadas y se determinan los puntos de ruptura entre las tesis. En este caso, se inicia con el análisis concreto de las sentencias proferidas por esa Alta Corporación, hasta llegar a la generalización de las tesis y los puntos de ruptura encontrados en el desarrollo del tema. Concluido el estudio, se encontró que el título de imputación para atribuir responsabilidad médica estatal durante ese periodo de tiempo, fue el de la falla en el servicio, bajo tres modalidades o tesis distintas: falla del servicio probada, falla presunta del servicio y las cargas dinámicas de la prueba. Igualmente, se halló que los cambios de tesis dentro del título de imputación de falla del servicio, surgieron de las reglas probatorias que se utilizaron para demostrar la responsabilidad de la Entidad Estatal; y que los puntos de ruptura entre las distintas tesis, están relacionados de manera general, con las desigualdades de las partes que en su momento advirtió el Alto Tribunal, frente a las reglas probatorias utilizadas para imputar responsabilidad médica.
PENGARUH KOMPETENSI PEDAGOGIK DAN KESIAPAN GURU TERHADAP IMPLEMENTASI KURIKULUM 2013
Authors: Kusufa Roni Alim Ba'diya 
Published: August 2019

Kurikulum merupakan salah satu hal penting dalam sistem pendidikan Indonesia. Permasalahan pendidikan yang dihadapi sekarang membuat Kemendikbud menilai bahwa perlu dikembangkannya kurikulum baru, yaitu Kurikulum 2013. Kompetensi pedagogik merupakan kemampuan guru mengelola pembelajaran yang terdiri dari pemahaman terhadap siswa, perencanaan, implementasi pembelajaran, evaluasi hasil belajar dan mengaktualisasikan segenap potensi siswa. Kesiapan guru merupakan kesiapan sebagai agen pembelajaran yang berfungsi untuk meningkatkan mutu pendidikan nasional dimana guru berperan mentransfer ilmu pengetahuan ke peserta didik. Untuk mengetahui faktor penentu keberhasilan Kurikulum 2013 khususnya kesiapan guru dalam mengimplementasikan kurikulum 2013 maka perlu dilaksanakan penelitian. Tujuan penelitian ini mengacu pada permasalahan yaitu untuk mengetahui pengaruh kompetensi pedagogik dan kesiapan guru secara sendiri-sendiri maupun secara bersama-sama terhadap implementasi kurikulum 2013. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain ex post facto. Penelitian ini mencari data empirik yang sistematik dan dalam penelitian ini peneliti tidak dapat mengontrol langsung variabel bebas karena peristiwanya telah terjadi dan menurut sifatnya tidak dapat dimanipulasi. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh guru yang berjumlah 51 guru. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan angket, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data menggunakan deskriptif, uji prasyarat dan pengujian hipotesis. Hasil penelitian, maka dapat ditarik kesimpulan sebagai berikut: (1). Kompetensi pedagogik berpengaruh terhadap implementasi kurikulum 2013. (2). Kesiapan guru berpengaruh terhadap implementasi kurikulum 2013. (3). Kompetensi pedagogik dan kesiapan guru berpengaruh terhadap implementasi kurikulum 2013.
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN ARTIKULASI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR SISWA
Authors: Kasi Oktaviana Flaviana , Sari Yuli Ifana 
Published: August 2019

Berdasarkan hasil observasi dilapangan diketahui bahwa motivasi belajar siswa kelas VIII-A SMP Angkasa Singosari sangat rendah, khususnya pada mata pelajaran IPS. Rendahnya motivasi belajar di SMP Angkasa Singosari disebabkan oleh model pembelajaran yang kurang bervariasi, penggunaan model pembelajaran yang kurang sesuai dengan tujuan materi, dan sarana prasarana yang kurang memadahi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa kelas VIII-A SMP Angkasa Singosari dengan menggunakan model artikulasi jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK). Hasil siklus satu belum mengalami peningkatan maka diperlukan ada siklus ke II. Hasil motivasi siswa pada siklus I siswa yang sangat termotivasi 0%, yang termotivasi 15,79% yang cukup termotivasi 78,94% dan yang kurang termotivasi 5,27%. Motivasi belajar pada siklus II sudah mengalami peningkatan siswa sudah termotivasi dengan menggunakan model Artikulasi dilihat dari persentase siwa termotivasi 89,48% yang cukup termotivasi 10,53%. Berdasrkan observasi motivasi siswa kurang termotivasi, hal ini disebabkan saat guru menyampaikan materi siswa kurang memperhatikan penjelasan guru. Siswa belum berani menyampaikan hasil diskusi kelompoknya didepan kelas, sehingga menyebabkan siswa cukup termotivasi. Pada siklus II siswa mampu menyampaikan materi secara kelompok didepan kelas secara berpasangan sehingga persentase motivasi siswa meningkat menjadi termotivasi. Setelah diterapkan pembelajaran IPS menggunakan model pembelajaran artikulasi di kelas VIII-A SMP Angkasa Singosari. Hasilnya menunjukkan ada peningkatan motivasi belajar siswa pada pelajaran IPS. Hal ini terlihat dari peningkatan presentase aspek-aspek motivasi yang diamati pada angket motivasi belajar siswa, observasi kegiatan siswa siklus I dan siklus II. Setelah diterapkan pembelajaran IPS menggunakan model pembelajaran artikulasi di kelas VIII-A SMP Angkasa Singosari menunjukkan ada peningkatan motivasi belajar siswa pada pelajaran IPS. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, maka saran yang dapat diberikan yaitu sebagai berikut, memberikan suasana baru dalam pembelajaran, meningkatkan otivasi belajar siswa dalam pembelajaran IPS.
Pengaruh Pertambangan Marmer Terhadap Kondisi Sosial Ekonomi Masyarakat Desa Besole Kecamatan Besuki Kabupaten Tulungagung
Authors: Sakti Muhammad Bima , Jamil Achmad Maulana Malik , Meviana Ika 
Published: August 2019

Abstrak Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi adanya keberadaan industri marmer di Desa Besole Kecamatan Besuki Kabupaten Tulungagung yang tentunya menimbulkan dampak positif. Dampak positifnya seperti penyerapan tenaga kerja, meningkatnya pendapatan, memberikan kesempatan kerja, tersedianya peluang usaha masyarakat. Dampak positif dari keberadaan industri pertambangan marmer akan menimbulkan peruabahan bagi masyarakat baik kondisi sosial maupun ekonomi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karateristik fisik dan non fisik dan untuk mengetahui pengaruh bertambangan marmer terhadap kondisi sosial ekonomi masyarakat Desa Besole Kecamatan Besuki Kabupaten Tulungagung Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif kuantitatif, dengan teknik pengumpulan data yaitu kuisioner, observasi, dokumentasi dan wawancara. Populasi dari penelitian ini adalah masyarakat Desa Besole yang berjumlah 11.528 jiwa. Dalam penelitian ini, penentuan sampel berdasarkan tingkat kepercayaan 85% dan tingkat kesalahan 15% yang dikembangkan Slovin sehingga berjumlah 45 responden. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode survei. Taknik pengambilan sampel yaitu simple random sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah kuisioner, pedoman wawancara, dokumentasi, lembar observasi dan metode analisis data menggunakan regresi linier sederhada dengan pengujian asumsi dasar. Hasil penelitian ini adalah jenis tanah yang ada di Besole adalah tanah alluvial coklat tua kelabuan. Tipe Iklim di Desa Besole secara umum termasuk tipe AW, curah hujan tahunan rata-rata berkisar >2000 mm. Flora dan fauna ekosistem Desa Besole sama dengan wilayah desa lain. Tingkat pendidikan Masyarakat Di Desa Besole mulai dari tamat SD sampai Perguruan Tinggi ada. Selain itu juga penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa industri pertambangan marmer berpengaruh positif terhadap kondisi sosial ekonomi masyarakat Desa Besole. Pengaruh positifnya adalah industri pertambangan marmer membuka lowongan pekerjaan bagi masyarakat sehingga masyarakat bisa bekerja di pabrik tersebut. Dengan adanya industri pertambangan marmer kondisi sosial ekonomi masyarakat meningkat mulai dari pendapatan. Tingkat pendidikan, membuka kesempatan kerja, menumbuhkan peluang usaha lain.
Interactions between stress response, carbohydrate metabolism, and defense pathways modulate rootstock root-dependent fire blight susceptibility in apple (Malus × domestica)
Authors: Singh Jugpreet , Fabrizio Jack , Desnoues Elsa , Silva Julliany Pereira , Busch Wolfgang , Khan Awais 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background

Although it is known that resistant rootstocks facilitate management of fire blight disease, incited by Erwinia amylovora (Burr.) Winslow et al., of apple scion cultivars, the role of rootstock root traits in providing systemic defense against E. amylovora is unclear. In this study, the hypothesis that rootstocks of higher root mass provide higher tolerance to fire blight infection in apples is tested. Several apple scion cultivars grafted onto a single rootstock genotype and non-grafted ‘M.7’ rootstocks of varying root mass are used to assess phenotypic and molecular relationships between root traits of rootstocks and fire blight susceptibility of apple scion cultivars.

Results

It is observed that different root traits display significant (p < 0.05) negative correlations with fire blight susceptibility. In fact, root surface area partially dictates differential levels of fire blight susceptibility of ‘M.7’ rootstocks. Furthermore, contrasting changes in gene expression patterns of diverse molecular pathways accompany observed differences in levels of root-driven fire blight susceptibility. It is noted that a singular co-expression gene network consisting of genes from defense, carbohydrate metabolism, protein kinase activity, oxidation-reduction, and stress response pathways modulates root-dependent fire blight susceptibility in apple. In particular, WRKY75 and UDP-glycotransferase are singled-out as hub genes deserving of further detailed analysis.

Conclusions

It is proposed that low root mass may incite resource-limiting conditions to activate carbohydrate metabolic pathways, which reciprocally interact with plant immune system genes to elicit differential levels of fire blight susceptibility.
Socio-cultural factors contributing to being an organ donor in a religious context
Authors: Khoshravesh Sahar , Karimi-Shahanjarini Akram , Poorolajal Jalal , Bashirian Saeed , Barati Majid , Hamidi Majid 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background Shortage of organs for transplantation is still considered to be a global concern, especially in developing countries such as Iran. Identifying factors contributing to the individual's decision to be a donor in a given society is critical to address the shortage of organ donors. The purpose of this study was to use a culturally modified Organ Donation Model (ODM) to explore the significant factors and ways in which these factors could influence signing the donor card.Methods This study was a cross-sectional design conducted among 600 employees from 57 offices in Hamadan, in the west of Iran, in 2018. Participants were selected randomly and surveyed on being a donor and as well on their perceptions regarding signing the donor card. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was conducted to determine the inter-relationship between the studied variables.Results: The mean age of participants was 39.5 (SD=7.0). Twenty percent of participants (n=120) had a signed donor card. Overall structural model provided a good fit with the data[χ2= 1172.964 (df=643, p<0.001), CFI=0.910, TLI= 0.902, RMSEA=0.037 (90% CI, 0.034 - 0.040). descriptive norms (β= 0.53, p<0.001), non-cognitive beliefs (i.e; Jinx factor, Ick factor, mistrust to medical system and body integrity (β= -0.33, p<0.001), anticipated regret (β= 0.28, p<0.001) and subjective norms (β= -0.17, p<0.01) had significant direct effects on signing the donor card.Conclusions This study provides socio-culturally informed evidence on individuals' signing donor card. To combat the shortage of organs for transplantation, these factors could provide a guide to policymakers in developing the community- based interventions.
Vaginal repaired cesarean section diverticulum is beneficial in women with two prior cesarean sections
Authors: Wang Yizhi , Li Jiarui , Wang Xipeng 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Study Objective

To evaluate the effect of vaginal repair in patients with cesarean section diverticulum (CSD) who had one or two previous cesarean sections (CSs).

Design

Observational cohort study.

Setting

Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital.

Patients

A total of 248 patients with CSD who underwent vaginal repair between January 2012 and December 2014.

Interventions

Vaginal excision and suture of CSD.

Measurements and Main Results

From January 2012 to December 2014, 248 women with CSD underwent vaginal repair surgery in Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital. These included 193 women with one previous cesarean section and 55 women with two previous cesarean sections. A total of 221 (89.11%) women were followed-up for more than 3 months, and 168 (67.74%) women were followed-up for more than 6 months. Excision and suture of CSD was performed through a vaginal approach. The duration of menstruation, the size of the CSD and the thickness of the remaining muscular layer (TRM) were evaluated before and after surgery. Of the women who had one previous cesarean section, before surgery, the average duration of menstruation was 13.99±3.71 days, the average size of CSD was 7.99*12.43*6.62 mm, and the TRM was 2.51±1.02 mm. At 3 and 6 months after vaginal repair, the average duration of menstruation was 7.77±2.05 and 8.02±2.06 days; the average size of the CSD was 5.54*9.19*5.60 and 5.75*9.04*6.18 mm; and the mean TRM was 7.61±2.52 and 7.60±3.00 mm. Of the women who had two previous cesarean sections, before and at 3 and 6 months after surgery, the average duration of menstruation was 15.05±2.86, 8.06±2.11, and 7.89±2.32 days; and the size of CSD was 7.76*11.71*6.20, 6.22*10.17*5.89, and 5.42*11.58*5.08 mm; and the TRM was 3.17±1.55, 8.04±2.57, and 8.22±2.42 mm. The results of this study reveal that vaginal repair could shorten the duration of menstruation and improve anatomical defects (P< 0.05); moreover, there was no significant difference in the effect of clinical repair between women with one or two previous cesarean sections (P> 0.05).

Conclusion

In CSD patients, the clinical effectiveness of vaginal repair was equivalent between women with one or two previous cesarean sections.
Competitive Endogenous RNA (ceRNA) Regulation Network of lncRNA–miRNA–mRNA in wilms tumor
Authors: tang fucai , Lu zechao , wang jiamin , Li zhibiao , Wu weijia , Duan Haifeng , He zhaohui 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background

Competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) have revealed a new mechanism of interaction between RNAs. However, such comprehension of the ceRNA regulatory network in wilms tumor remains limited.

Methods

Raw RNA sequencing profiles regarding mRNAs, miRNAs and lncRNAs on wilms tumor samples and normal samples were obtained from Therapeutically Applicable Research to Generate Effective Treatment (TARGET). EdgeR package was applied to identify differentially expressed lncRNAs, miRNAs and mRNAs. Functional enrichment analysis were conducted via DAVID database and the ClusterProfile R package. The lncRNA–miRNA–mRNA interaction ceRNA network was established in Cytoscape according to the identified lncRNAs–miRNAs and miRNAs–mRNAs interactions. Subsequently, correlation between ceRNA network and overall survival prognosis were analyzed.

Results

A total of 2,037 lncRNAs, 154 miRNAs and 3,609 mRNAs were identified as differentially expressed RNAs in wilms tumor. 205 lncRNAs, 26 miRNAs and 143 mRNAs were included in ceRNA regulatory network. Analysis results showed that 14 out of the 205 lncRNAs, 1 out of 26 miRNAs and 8 out of 143 mRNAs were associated with overall survival in wilms tumor patients (P < 0.05).

Conclusions

CeRNA networks played an important role in wilms tumor. This might provide effective bioinformatics basis and novel insights for further understanding of the mechanisms underlying wilms tumor.
360-Degree Delphi: addressing sociotechnical challenges of healthcare IT
Authors: Waldmueller Heiko Dominik , Spreckelsen Cord , Rudat Hannah , Krumm Norbert , Rolke Roman , Jonas Stephan Michael 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This approach uses the strong advantages a Delhi study has, identifies the disadvantages of traditional Delphi techniques and aims to introduce and evaluate a modified approach called 360-Degree Delphi.
Key aspects of 360-Degree Delphi are tested by applying the approach to the needs and requirements analysis of a system for managing patients’ advance directives and living wills.

360-Degree Delphi, as a modified Delphi process, is specified as a structured workflow with the optional use of stakeholder groups. Consensus is created within individual stakeholder groups, but is also communicated between groups, while the iterative structure of the Delphi process remains unchanged. We hypothesize that (1) 360-Degree Delphi yields complementary statements from different stakeholders, which would be lost in classical Delphi; while (2) the variation of statements within individual stakeholder groups is lower than within the total collective. A user study is performed that addresses five stakeholder groups (patients, relatives, medical doctors, nurses and software developers) on the topic of living will communication in an emergency context.

About 25% of the invited experts (stakeholders) agreed to take part in the Delphi round 0 (three patients, two relatives, three medical doctors, two qualified nurses and three developers), forming a structured panel of the five stakeholder groups. Two raters created a bottom-up coding, and 238 thematic codes were identified by the qualitative text analysis. Based on a consented coding list, a quantitative online-questionnaire was developed and send to different stakeholder groups.

With respect to the hypotheses, Delphi round 0 had the following results: (1) doctors had a completely different focus from all the other stakeholder groups on possible channels of communications with the patient; (2) the dispersion of codes within individual stakeholder groups and within the total collective was approximately 28% higher in the total collective than in the sub-collectives, but without a marked effect size. With respect to the hypotheses, Delphi round 1 had the following results: different stakeholder groups had highly diverging opinions with respect to central questions on IT-development. In comparison, the total group would not be representative of either of these individual stakeholder needs (mean 4,344, stdev +/- 1,870)
A novel nomogram to predict the risk of anastomotic leakage in patients after oesophagectomy
Authors: Huang Chengya , Yao Haixia , Huang Qi , Lu Huijie , Xu Meiying , Wu Jingxiang 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background: Anastomotic leakage is a dangerous postoperative complication of oesophageal surgery. The present study aimed to develop a simple and practical scoring system to predict the risk of anastomotic leakage after oesophageal resection.
Methods: A consecutive series of 330 patients who underwent oesophageal cancer surgery from January 2016 to January 2018 in the Shanghai Chest Hospital were included to develop a prediction model. Anastomotic leakage was evaluated using oesophagography, computed tomography, or flexible endoscopy. A LASSO regression based on a generalized linear model was used to select the variables for the anastomotic leakage risk model, while avoid overfitting. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was applied to build forest plots and a prediction model. The C-index or the area under the curve was used to judge the discrimination. The calibration plots verified the consistency. Internal validation of the model was conducted. The clinical usefulness and threshold screening of the model were evaluated by decision curve analysis.
Results: The factors included in the predictive nomogram included gender, diabetes history, anastomotic mode, reconstruction route, smoking history, CRP level and presence of cardiac arrhythmia. The model displayed a discrimination performance with a C-index of 0.690 (95% confidence interval: 0.620-0.760) and good calibration. A C-index value of 0.664 could still be reached during the internal validation. The calibration curve showed good agreement between the actual observations and the predicted results.
Conclusion: The present prediction model, which requires only seven variables including gender, diabetes history, anastomotic mode, reconstruction route, smoking history, CRP level and presence of cardiac arrhythmia, may be useful in predicting anastomotic leakage in patients after oesophagectomy.
Assessment of the Implementation of Tuberculosis and Diabetes Care in health systems: A Situational Analysis in Western Nigeria for consideration
Authors: PETER ASAGA MAC , Aighobahi. JUDE OSAGIE 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background: Tuberculosis (TB) coexists with other non-communicable diseases (NCDs), including Diabetes Mellitus (DM). Smoking increases the risk of TB as well as DM. Health systems are poorly prepared in many low middle income countries (LMICs) and are currently facing the "triple burden of smoking, TB, and DM" that drives these countries into the vicious cycle of poverty.
Methods: A cross-sectional study method was carried out to assess the proportion of TB care centers that included integration measures for diabetic care as well as those providing DM care that included integration measures for TB. A list of 49 health care centers in Lagos offering TB care and managing Diabetes patients were recruited. A focus Group Discussion(FGD) and Individual interviews were conducted to investigate health care providers ' knowledge, attitudes and practices and the barriers encountered in the process of integrating TB and DM care.
Results: Out of the 49 health care centres recruited in this study, 6% of health care units are aware of a surveillance to screen for diabetes in tuberculosis patients, while 2% of health facilities confirmed awareness of a surveillance to screen for tuberculosis in diabetes patients. 91% of health centres either verified the lack of or no understanding of monitoring of both diseases. The percentage of health facilities that have existing guideline on TB and DM screening was evaluated, it was perceived that 8% of health facilities had implemented a guideline to screen for DM in TB patients, while 4% of these Care Centres have implemented a guideline for diabetes patients to be screened for TB.
Conclusion
TB/DM integrative screening, treatment and management could be better attained if both co-morbidities integration program is initiated in the healthcare centres and policies of western states and Nigeria as a whole.