bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Indoor wideband directional millimeter wave channel measurements and analysis at 26 GHz, 32 GHz, and 39 GHz
Authors: Khalily Mohsen , Taheri Sohail , Payami Sohail , Ghoraishi Mir , Tafazolli Rahim 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThis paper presents details of the wideband directional propagation measurements of millimeter‐wave (mmWave) channels in the 26 GHz, 32 GHz, and 39 GHz frequency bands in an indoor typical office environment. More than 14 400 power delay profiles (PDPs) were measured across the 26 GHz band and over 9000 power delay profiles have been recorded for the 32 GHz and 39 GHz bands at each measurement point. A mmWave wideband channel sounder has been used, where signal analyzer and vector signal generator were employed. Measurements have been conducted for both co and cross‐antenna polarization. The setup provided 2 GHz bandwidth and the mechanically steerable directional horn antenna with 8 degrees beamwidth provides 8 degrees of directional resolution over the azimuth for 32 GHz and 39 GHz, whereas 26 GHz measurement setup provides the angular resolution of 5 degrees. Measurements provide path loss, delay, and spatial spread of the channel. Large‐scale fading characteristics, RMS delay spread, RMS angular spread, and angular and delay dispersion are presented for 3 mmWave bands for the line‐of‐sight scenario.
Understanding the use of India's National Health Insurance Scheme for family planning and reproductive health services in Uttar Pradesh
Authors: Mozumdar Arupendra , Aruldas Kumudha , Jain Aparna , Reichenbach Laura 
Published: April 2018

SummaryIndia's National Health Insurance Scheme, Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojana (RSBY), expands health services to families living below the poverty line by enrolling them into the scheme through selected health facilities. Use and reasons for nonuse of RSBY for family planning (FP) and reproductive health (RH) services have not been explored previously. This cross‐sectional study explored the use of RSBY for FP/RH services at private health facilities, knowledge of FP/RH service availability, and factors influencing knowledge among RSBY enrolled families. A total of 726 women and 640 men from enrolled families living in 3 cities of Uttar Pradesh, India, were interviewed. Use of FP/RH services at private hospitals enrolled in the RSBY was 2%. Nearly 20% of respondents used FP or delivery services from unenrolled private hospitals but could have accessed these services through the scheme. Over 75% of respondents were unaware of FP/RH service availability through RSBY. Respondents with some education were more likely to have this knowledge, while poorer families were less likely to have this knowledge. Findings suggest that for RSBY to reach the most vulnerable families, efforts need to be made to better educate enrolled families about their entitlements and benefits of the scheme.
Prediction of vegetation anomalies over an inland river basin in north‐western China
Authors: Fu Jing , Niu Jun , Sivakumar Bellie 
Published: April 2018

AbstractVegetation cover plays an important role in linking the atmosphere, water, and land and is deemed as a key indicator in the terrestrial ecological system. Therefore, it is of great importance to monitor vegetation dynamics and understand the mechanisms of vegetation change, including that driven by climate change. This study examines (a) the evolution of vegetation dynamics over the Heihe River Basin in the typical arid zone in north‐western China using nonparametric Mann–Kendall test and Thiel Sen's slope; (b) the relationships between remotely sensed vegetation indices (normalized difference vegetation index [NDVI] and enhanced vegetation index [EVI]) and hydroclimatic variables based on correlation analysis; and (c) the prediction of vegetation anomalies using a multiple linear regression model. For the analysis, the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer NDVI/EVI product and the gridded daily meteorological data at a spatial resolution of 0.125° over the period 2001–2010 are considered. The results indicate that vegetation cover improved over a large proportion during 2001–2010, with a significant trend towards warm and wet, characterized by an increase in average annual temperature and precipitation by 0.042 °C/year and 5.8 mm/year, respectively. We test the feasibility of NDVI and EVI in quantifying the responses of vegetation anomaly to climate change and develop a statistical model to predict vegetation dynamics in the basin. The NDVI‐based model is found to be more reliable than the EVI‐based model, partly due to the vegetation characteristics and geomorphologic properties of the study region. The proposed model performs well when there is no lag time between meteorological factors and vegetation indices for grassland and cropland, whereas 1‐month lead time prediction is found to be best for forest. The soil water content is introduced as an extra explanatory variable, which effectively improves the prediction accuracy for different land use types. In general, the predictive ability of the proposed model is stable and satisfactory, and the model can provide useful early warning information for regional water resources management under changing climate.
Sequence of theory‐of‐mind acquisition in Turkish children from diverse social backgrounds
Authors: Selcuk Bilge , Brink Kimberly A. , Ekerim Muge , Wellman Henry M. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractWe examined the sequence of theory of mind (ToM) acquisition in 260 Turkish children (Mage = 53.36 months, SD = 10.37) and the demographic factors associated with it. Children came from 5 different cities in Turkey. Their ToM skills were measured using ToM Scale, which probes various mental state understandings from diverse desires to hidden emotions. These Turkish children demonstrated the traditional, collectivist ToM acquisition pattern evident in Iran and China with earlier understanding of knowledge access than diverse beliefs, not the western, individualist pattern evident in the United States, Australian, and German children. Gender, socio‐economic status (SES), and number of adults living in the home influenced the pace of children's ToM acquisitions. A post hoc analysis examined a minority of children that exhibited individualist ToM acquisition with earlier achievement of diverse beliefs than knowledge access. The results contribute to a fuller sociocultural understanding of ToM development including examination of variations within a single heterogeneous developing country. They also further suggest the importance of exposure to different ideas and beliefs in large households for earlier understanding of varying belief states.Highlights

We assessed theory of mind (ToM) acquisition in 260 Turkish children whose families spanned a large range of social class circumstances.
We measured ToM via Wellman and Liu's scale (2004), consisting of five items testing diverse desires, diverse belief, knowledge access, false belief, and hidden emotion.
The Turkish children demonstrated the traditional, collectivist ToM acquisition pattern, but a minority of children exhibited individualistic ToM acquisition. In cultures where elements of individualism and collectivism are blended, children can come to different orders of acquisition in accord with recent arguments that cultural development often represents a coexistence of different reasoning styles.
An investigation of ICT knowledge and skills in Vietnam
Authors: Khanh Tran Ngo Nhu , Winley Graham Kenneth 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThis study examines the present and future demands for knowledge and skills among IT professionals in organizations in Vietnam. A theoretical framework with 3 components is used: 6 domains of IT professional expertise; items representing knowledge and skills associated with the domains; and sourcing strategies that organizations may implement in order to procure basic IT knowledge and skills. The findings provide insights that are not found in existing studies of ICT in Vietnam which instead are focused on specific ICT issues and ICT development at a national level rather than at the level of organizations. In particular, findings are compared with predictions presented in the only 2 similar recent studies conducted in 2011.
Decellularization and characterization of a whole intervertebral disk xenograft scaffold
Authors: Hensley Austin , Rames Jess , Casler Victor , Rood Christopher , Walters Joshua , Fernandez Christopher , Gill Sanjitpal , Mercuri Jeremy J. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractIntervertebral disk (IVD) degeneration is a multifactor process that results in the physical destruction of the nucleus pulposus (NP) and annulus fibrosus (AF). This compromises IVD function and causes significant disability and economic burden. Strategies to replace the entire composite structure of the IVD are limited and most approaches do not recapitulate the heterogenous biochemical composition, microarchitecture or mechanical properties of the native tissue. Our central hypothesis was that donor IVDs which resemble the size and biochemistry of human lumbar IVDs could be successfully decellularized while retaining the tissue's structure and function with the long‐term goal of creating a composite scaffold for tissue engineering the human IVD. Accordingly, we optimized a procedure to decellularize bovine tail IVDs using a combination of detergents, ultrasonication, freeze‐thaw cycles, and nucleases. The resultant decellularized whole IVD xenografts retained distinct AF and NP regions which contained no visible intact cell nuclei and minimal residual bovine deoxyribose nucleic acid (DNA; 65.98 ± 4.07 and 47.12 ± 13.22 ng/mg, respectively). Moreover, the NP region of decellularized IVDs contained 313.40 ± 50.67 µg/mg glycosaminoglycan. The presence of collagen type II was confirmed via immunohistochemistry. Additionally, histological analysis of the AF region of decellularized IVDs demonstrated retention of the native angle‐ply collagen microarchitecture. Unconfined compression testing demonstrated no significant differences in swelling pressure and toe‐region modulus between fresh and decellularized IVDs. However, linear region moduli, peak stress and equilibrium moduli were all significantly reduced. Together, this research demonstrates a successful initial step in developing a biomimetic acellular whole IVD xenograft scaffold for use in IVD tissue engineering. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A:2412–2423, 2018.
Flag‐transitive 2‐ designs of product type
Authors: Zhan Xiaoqin , Zhou Shenglin , Chen Guangzu 
Published: April 2018

AbstractIn this paper, we prove that if a 2‐ design admits a flag‐transitive automorphism group G, then G is of affine, almost simple type, or product type. Furthermore, we prove that if G is product type then is either a 2‐(25, 4, 12) design or a 2‐(25, 4, 18) design with .
Review of critical discourse analysis in tourism studies
Authors: Qian Jianwei , Wei Jiewen , Law Rob 
Published: April 2018

AbstractCritical discourse analysis (CDA) is one of the prevalent schools in discourse analysis, which is particularly useful in analyzing in‐depth meanings under a specific social context. Tourism researchers have realized the effectiveness of such an approach in exploring multifaceted tourism phenomena and have, thus, conducted studies in various tourism areas. A timely review of CDA in tourism offers signposts for the previous works of scholars and guidance for scholars who want to deploy CDA methods in the future. In this study, 50 articles were eventually reviewed on the basis of rigorous selection criteria. Bibliometric and thematic features of these articles are identified. Five key areas, namely, travel motivation, destination image, tourism marketing, sustainable tourism, and social relationship in tourism, were determined to dominate the current CDA studies in tourism, which is distinctly helpful in enriching the understanding of the academia toward tourism and in supporting the sustainable development of the industry. This study also draws the academia's attention toward CDA to consider deploying this method in examining various tourism phenomena under a broader social context.
Spatial heterogeneity in the paraglacial response to post‐Little Ice Age deglaciation of four headwater cirques in the Western Alps
Authors: Kirkbride Martin P. , Deline Philip 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThis paper aims to understand how the paraglacial response to recent glacier retreat varies between four cirques in the Western Alps. Post‐Little Ice Age glacier retreat has created extensive forelands where a variety of gravitational and fluvial process operate on both till‐floored and rock‐floored cirques. These processes may affect transitions from subglacial to proglacial landsystems, by reworking sediment and reorganising drainage. Landsystems achieve a state of preservation once no more adjustment is possible due to buffering by channel network evolution, channel armouring, and sediment exhaustion. We find no consistent trajectory of change across all studied sites: paraglacial responses differ from the classical valley–glacier model, involving variable slope‐channel coupling. Proglacial drainage networks on till surfaces have become more integrated by reducing their low‐order bifurcation ratios, unlike streams locked into rock channels. Reasons for diverse and site‐specific behaviour include cirque floor width, gradient, and surface materials (bedrock, fine till, and/or blocky till). At some cirques, these restrict the downstream diffusion of a paraglacial “signal” of fluvial‐transported sediment. At others, increased sediment flux originated from the erosion of terminal moraines. A high proportion of glacial material generally remains within the glacier foreland, due to proglacial basin sediment traps, inefficiency of fluvial networks, armouring of floors by coarse tills, and rock‐controlled channels. The millennial‐timescale preservation potential of most recent primary glacial deposits and within‐cirque paraglacial landforms appears to be high.
Language development in the pediatric cochlear implant patient
Authors: Ruben Robert J. 
Published: April 2018

ObjectiveTo access the long‐term outcomes of children implanted during most sensitive period for language development.Study designLiterature review.MethodAn initial PubMed search was carried out using the search terms language development and cochlear implant resulted in 1149 citations. A second search was carried out on the initial citations using the criterion of implantation in the period of birth to 24 months, which identified 386 articles. These were analyzed to determine those studies in which linguistic outcome was measured at least three or more years following implantation.ResultsTwenty‐one reports published from 2004 to 2017 that met the criteria. The range of follow‐up was from 3 years to an excess of 10 years. Four => 10‐year follow‐up reports were consistent in showing that the earlier the subject is implanted the better the outcome. Many, but not all, of these children did obtain age‐appropriate language. There were 17 reports with follow‐up from 3 to less than 10 years. In 7 of the 11 studies, the children's expressive language was reported to have reached an age level of less than 80%. The results for receptive language showed that 4 of the 11 studies found that the children achieved a receptive language age level of less than 80%. There were 8 studies which documented the effect of implantation before 12 months of age and between 12 and 24 months of age and they all found that the earlier the implantation, the better the outcome for language.ConclusionThe cochlear implant is efficacious in the amelioration of receptive and expressive language deficits in most congenitally deafened children implanted before the age of one. The language outcomes for those implanted after the age of one decline as the age of implantation increases.Level of EvidenceN/A.
Poly[3,4‐dihydroxybenzhydrazide]: A Polydopamine Analogue?
Authors: Petran Anca , Hădade Niculina D. , Filip Claudiu , Filip Xenia , Bende Attila , Popa Adriana , Liebscher Jürgen 
Published: April 2018

Abstract3,4‐Dihydroxybenzhydrazide (DHBH) could be considered a structural analogue of dopamine, forming polymers under oxidative conditions in a polydopamine (PDA) fashion. However, the former turns out to be more reluctant to oxidize and thus, more drastic conditions must be applied to achieve polymerization. Heating of DHBH in the presence of ammonium peroxydisulfate in Tris buffer yields a mixture of oligomers (average 9–10 monomer units). Although it looks black like PDA, its structure is very different. The polymer is not built up by CC bond formation but by replacement of hydroxyl groups resulting in acylhydrazine, acylhydrazone, and 1,3,4‐oxadiazoline bridging. Since the catechol moiety of the starting material is destroyed, the polymer lacks the mussel‐like anchoring property found in PDA.
Reassessing the impact of descriptive norms on charitable giving
Authors: Lindersson Linda , Guntell Linda , Carlsson Rickard , Agerström Jens 
Published: April 2018

The usefulness of conveying descriptive norms (“this is what most people do”) for prosocial purposes such as environmental conservation and charitable giving has recently been called into question. Two experiments (N = 748) evaluated the hypothesis that descriptive norms increase people's intentions to donate to charity. Overall, the results supported this hypothesis. Another aim was to examine the robustness of the local norm superiority effect that proposes that the local norms of one's immediate environment are superior to other descriptive norms (global and social identity norms). This hypothesis was not supported. The results suggest that differences between different types of norms are likely to be small.
Loss of N‐WASP drives early progression in an Apc model of intestinal tumourigenesis
Authors: Morris Hayley T , Fort Loic , Spence Heather J , Patel Rachana , Vincent David F , Park James H , Snapper Scott B , Carey Francis A , Sansom Owen J , Machesky Laura M 
Published: April 2018

AbstractN‐WASP (WASL) is a widely expressed cytoskeletal signalling and scaffold protein also implicated in regulation of Wnt signalling and homeostatic maintenance of skin epithelial architecture. N‐WASP mediates invasion of cancer cells in vitro and its depletion reduces invasion and metastatic dissemination of breast cancer. Given this role in cancer invasion and universal expression in the gastrointestinal tract, we explored a role for N‐WASP in the initiation and progression of colorectal cancer. While deletion of N‐wasp is not detectably harmful in the murine intestinal tract, numbers of Paneth cells increased, indicating potential changes in the stem cell niche, and migration up the crypt–villus axis was enhanced. Loss of N‐wasp promoted adenoma formation in an adenomatous polyposis coli (Apc) deletion model of intestinal tumourigenesis. Thus, we establish a tumour suppressive role of N‐WASP in early intestinal carcinogenesis despite its later pro‐invasive role in other cancers. Our study highlights that while the actin cytoskeletal machinery promotes invasion of cancer cells, it also maintains normal epithelial tissue function and thus may have tumour suppressive roles in pre‐neoplastic tissues. © 2018 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Combustion Rate and Light Emission of Mg/NaNO3/Na2C2O4/Binder – Flares
Authors: Li Jin‐Shuh , Chung Chun‐Ming , Yang Tsung‐Mao , Hwang Chyi‐Ching , Lu Kai‐Tai , Yeh Tsao‐Fa 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe illuminating compositions composed of magnesium (Mg), sodium nitrate (NaNO3), Sodium oxalate (Na2C2O4) and binder (Epoxy and Polyamide) were prepared to study the combustion performances, and explored the formulas possessed with both high luminous intensity and low burning rate. The illuminating composition of the Luu‐2B/B aircraft parachute flare was adopted as a standard formula with a weight percentage of Mg/NaNO3/binder=61: 30.9: 8.1, and Na2C2O4 was used as an additive agent for reducing burning rate. Furthermore, Taguchi's experimental design method was used to design nine experimental formulas by way of orthogonal array with four control factors and three levels. The experimental results indicated that the optimal formula for long‐duration illuminating composition was the Mg/NaNO3 weight ratio of 2 : 1 (total content 92.9 wt.%), the Epoxy‐polyamide content of 7.1 wt.%, the additional Na2C2O4 of 4 wt. % and the Na2C2O4 particle size of less than150 μm.
Inhibition of UVB‐induced pro‐inflammatory cytokines and MMP expression by Zanthoxylum rhetsa bark extract and its active constituent hesperidin
Authors: Santhanam Ramesh Kumar , Fakurazi Sharida , Ahmad Syahida , Abas Faridah , Ismail Intan Safinar , Rukayadi Yaya , Akhtar Muhammad Tayyab , Shaari Khozirah 
Published: April 2018

The antiphoto aging property of Zanthoxylum rhetsa obtained from Pangkor Island, Malaysia, was evaluated. Solvent fractions of different polarity obtained from the methanolic extract of the bark material were initially tested for anticollagenase and antielastase activities. The ethyl acetate fraction showed bioactivity against the protease enzymes. Hence, it was subjected to further purification via column chromatography, to yield a major constituent, hesperidin. Subsequently, the ethyl acetate fraction and hesperidin were tested for their effects against UVB‐induced cytotoxicity and expressions of inflammatory cytokines (IL‐6, IL‐1β, and TNF‐α), NF‐κB, and MMPs (MMP1, 3, and 9) in human dermal fibroblasts (HDF). Both fraction and pure compound prevented UVB‐induced cytotoxicity in HDF cells, in a dose dependent manner. Moreover, the ethyl acetate fraction inhibited the increase of pro‐inflammatory cytokines induced by UVB to a level similar to the control (without UV treatment). Additionally, the fraction significantly inhibited the expressions of NF‐κB, MMP 1, MMP 3, and MMP 9 in HDF cells treated with UVB. Similar effects were observed with hesperidin. The results obtained suggested that the ethyl acetate fraction of Z. rhetsa and its bioactive constituent, hesperidin, have the potential to be used as active ingredients in sunscreen and antiphoto aging formulations.
The neurological complications of chikungunya virus: A systematic review
Authors: Mehta Ravi , Gerardin Patrick , de Brito Carlos Alexandre Antunes , Soares Cristiane Nascimento , Ferreira Maria Lucia Brito , Solomon Tom 
Published: April 2018

SummaryWe performed a systematic review on the neurological complications of chikungunya virus. Such complications are being reported increasingly, owing primarily to the scale of recent epidemics but also to a growing understanding of the virus' neurovirulence. We performed a thorough literature search using PubMed and Scopus databases, summating the data on all published reports of neurological disease associated with chikungunya virus. We appraised the data for each major condition in adults, children, and neonates, as well as evaluating the latest evidence on disease pathogenesis and management strategies. The review provides a comprehensive summary for clinicians, public health officials, and researchers tackling the challenges associated with this important emerging pathogen.