bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A 5D view of the α Per, Pleiades, and Praesepe clusters
Authors: Lodieu N. , Pérez-Garrido A. , Smart R. L. , Silvotti R. 
Published: July 2019

Aims. Our scientific goal is to provide revised membership lists of the α Per, Pleiades, and Praesepe clusters exploiting the second data release of Gaia and produce five-dimensional maps (α, δ, π, μα cos δ, μδ) of these clusters.
Methods. We implemented the kinematic method combined with the statistical treatment of parallaxes and proper motions to identify astrometric member candidates of three of the most nearby and best studied open clusters in the sky.
Results. We cross-correlated the Gaia catalogue with large-scale public surveys to complement the astrometry of Gaia with multi-band photometry from the optical to the mid-infrared. We identified 517, 1248, and 721 bona fide astrometric member candidates inside the tidal radius of α Per, the Pleiades, and Praesepe, respectively. We cross-matched our final samples with catalogues from previous surveys to address the level of completeness. We update the main physical properties of the clusters, including mean distance and velocity, as well as core, half-mass, and tidal radii. We infer updated ages from the white dwarf members of the Pleiades and Praesepe. We derive the luminosity and mass functions of the three clusters and compare them to the field mass function. We compute the positions in space of all member candidates in the three regions to investigate their distribution in space.
Conclusions. We provide updated distances and kinematics for the three clusters. We identify a list of members in the α Per, Pleiades, and Praesepe clusters from the most massive stars all the way down to the hydrogen-burning limit with a higher confidence and better astrometry than previous studies. We produce complete 5D maps of stellar and substellar bona fide members in these three regions. The photometric sequences derived in several colour–magnitude diagrams represent benchmark cluster sequences at ages from 90 to 600 Myr. We note the presence of a stream around the Pleiades cluster extending up to 40 pc from the cluster centre.
Comparative Stiffness of an Equine Distal Sesamoid Bone Fracture Model Stabilized with 3.5-mm versus 4.5-mm Cortical Bone Screws in Lag Fashion
Authors: Mampe Jessica R. , Tatarniuk Dane M. , Suarez-Fuentes David G. , Kraus Karl H. 
Published: July 2019

Objective The aim of this study was to to determine the comparative stiffness following repair of an axial sagittal fracture model in equine distal sesamoid bones using either a single 3.5-mm or 4.5-mm cortical bone screw placed in lag fashion.
Study Design The present study was an in vitro biomechanical study.
Results The mean (±standard deviation) stiffness value for the 4.5-mm screw–bone construct (522.49 N/mm ± 168.21) was significantly greater than the 3.5-mm screw-bone construct (408.46 N/mm ± 131.13) (p = 0.047). This represents a 28% difference in mean stiffness.
Conclusions In vitro, the 4.5-mm screw–bone construct creates a stiffer repair of fractured distal sesamoid bones by a margin of 28%. The 4.5-mm cortical bone screw may better withstand forces imparted on the distal sesamoid bone sustained during anaesthetic recovery, normal weight bearing and athletic exercise, thereby minimizing the risk of implant failure.
Evaluation of a Novel Bone Substitute Injection Technique for Potential Treatment of Impact Injury to the Equine Palmar Metacarpal Condyle
Authors: Rice Hilary C. , Brokken Matthew T. , Hostnik Eric T. , Bertone Alicia L. 
Published: July 2019

Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the injection of a bone substitute material (BSM) into an impact lesion in the palmar condyle of the third metacarpal bone.
Study Design This was an in vivo controlled study performed on six horses.
Materials and Methods Medial metacarpal condyles were exposed via arthrotomy and a compressive lesion created in anaesthetized horses using 80 psi (27.6 MPa) onto the articular surface (n = 12). Paired limbs were randomly selected as a control or for extra-articular injection of BSM towards the subchondral bone near the compressive lesion. Parameters of the surgical techniques and BSM distribution outcomes were evaluated using magnetic resonance imaging analysis, histology and histomorphometry.
Results Injection of the BSM required significant pressure, as well as the use of a pilot hole. The BSM was visible in all magnetic resonance imagings in treatment limbs. Post-impact treatment limbs had greater average grey scale values than controls (p = 0.041), and greater average grey scale values than pre-impact treatment limbs (p = 0.004). Histology demonstrated haemorrhage and microfractures at the site of compression with no evidence of bone disruption from BSM injection.
Conclusion Injection of BSM into the dense subchondral bone of the equine palmar condyle could be targeted to a site of injury, distributed subchondrally and without further injury to bone or cartilage.
Clinical Significance This procedure has potential for the treatment of clinical impact injury or osteoarthritis in horses, and long-term studies are warranted.
Cephalometric and Pharyngometric Evaluation in Snoring Children with Sleep-Disordered Breathing and Adenotonsillar Hypertrophy Under an Orthodontic or Orthopedic Treatment
Authors: Nunes Jr Walter Ribeiro , Gozal David , Di Francesco Renata C. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAltered craniofacial growth has been implicated in sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) in children. The authors aimed to evaluate the cephalometric measurements and pharyngeal dimensions related to SDB in snoring children with adenotonsillar hypertrophy (ATH) treated with an orthodontic and orthopedic oral appliance (OOA). Forty habitually snoring children, 6 to 9 years old with evidence of grade 3 to 4 ATH, maxillary constriction, and class II dental malocclusion were enrolled, with 24 children being treated with OOA, and 16 remaining untreated children as controls. All children underwent a cephalometric X-ray and acoustic pharyngometry for airway measurements at the start and 6 months after. Cephalometric measurements related to SDB reduced in the treated group (p < 0.01) as follows: maxillary–mandibular relationship: –2.2 ± 1.70°; maxillary–mandibular planes angle: –2.4 ± 3.80°; and hyoid bone position: –4 ± 3.8 mm (p < 0.001). OOA treatment revealed improvements in pharyngeal minimum cross-section area (MCA) (0.2 ± 0.2 cm2) and volume (V) (3.15 ± 2.5 cm3), while reductions in MCA (–0.2 ± 0.3 cm2) and in V (–1.25 ± 1.3 cm3) occurred in controls (p < 0.001 vs. OOA). Six months of OOA treatment in snoring children with SDB promotes enlargement of the pharyngeal dimensions and beneficial cephalometric changes.
A herbivore-induced homoterpene volatile is emitted from Basella alba leaves
Authors: Aboshi Takako , Toda Ayaka , Ashitani Tatsuya , Murayama Tetsuya 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
An irregular C11 homoterpene, (E)-4,8-dimethylnona-1,3,7-triene (DMNT) was identified as a major component of the volatile compounds emitted from Basella alba leaves induced by herbivore. The terpenes including DMNT were not detected from the leaves infected by Botrytis cinerea. These results suggested that volatile emission from B. alba leaves was induced by herbivory but not by a fungal infection.
Thigh positioned wearable resistance affects step frequency not step length during 50 m sprint‐running
Authors: Macadam Paul , Nuell Sergi , Cronin John B. , Uthoff Aaron M. , Nagahara Ryu , Neville Jono , Graham Scott P. , Tinwala Farhan 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis study determined the acute changes in spatio‐temporal and impulse variables when wearable resistance (WR) of 2% body mass was attached distally to the thighs during 50 m maximal sprint‐running. Fifteen sub‐elite male sprinters performed sprints with and without WR over 50 m of in‐ground force platforms in a randomised order. A paired t‐test was used to determine statistical differences (p < .05), with effect sizes (ES) calculated between conditions over steps: 1–4, 5–14, and 15–23. WR resulted in small increased 10 and 50 m sprint times (1.0%, ES = 0.31, 0.9%, ES = 0.44, respectively, p > .05) compared to the unloaded sprint condition. For spatio‐temporal variables, the WR condition resulted in moderate ES changes in step frequency (−2.8%, ES = −0.53, steps 5–14, p > .05), and contact time (2.5%, ES = 0.57, steps 5–14, and 3.2%, ES = 0.51, average of 23 steps, p > .05), while step length was unaffected during all step phases of the sprint (ES = 0.02–0.07, p > .05). Regarding kinetics, during steps 5–14, WR resulted in a moderate decrease (−4.8%, ES = −0.73, p < .05) in net anterior‐posterior impulses and a moderate decrease in vertical stiffness (−5.7%, ES = −0.57, p > .05). For athletes seeking to overload step frequency and develop anterior‐posterior impulse during mid to late accelerated sprinting, WR enables the application of a sprint‐specific form of resistance training to be completed without decreasing step length.
Molecular Genetics in the Diagnosis and Biology of Lymphoid Neoplasms
Authors: Lim Megan S , Bailey Nathanael G , King Rebecca L , Piris Miguel 
Published: July 2019

AbstractObjectivesThe 2017 Workshop of the Society for Hematopathology/European Association for Haematopathology reviewed the role of molecular genetics in the diagnosis and biology of lymphoid neoplasms.MethodsThe Workshop Panel reviewed 82 cases.ResultsMolecular genetic testing reveals alterations that expand the spectrum of diseases such as DUSP22 rearrangement in ALK-negative anaplastic large cell lymphoma, large B-cell lymphoma with IRF4 rearrangement, MYD88 mutations in B-cell lymphomas, Burkitt-like lymphoma with 11q aberrations, and diagnostic criteria for high-grade B-cell lymphomas. Therapeutic agents and natural tumor progression may be associated with transcriptional reprogramming that lead to transdifferentiation and lineage switch.ConclusionsApplication of emerging technical advances has revealed the complexity of genetic events in lymphomagenesis, progression, and acquired resistance to therapies. They also contribute to enhanced understanding of the biology of indolent vs aggressive behavior, clonal evolution, tumor progression, and transcriptional reprogramming associated with transdifferentiation events that may occur subsequent to therapy.
Comparison of single and module-based methods for modeling gene regulatory networks
Authors: Hernaez Mikel , Blatti Charles , Gevaert Olivier 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Motivation
Gene regulatory networks describe the regulatory relationships among genes, and developing methods for reverse engineering these networks is an ongoing challenge in computational biology. The majority of the initially proposed methods for gene regulatory network discovery create a network of genes and then mine it in order to uncover previously unknown regulatory processes. More recent approaches have focused on inferring modules of co-regulated genes, linking these modules with regulatory genes and then mining them to discover new molecular biology.

Results
In this work we analyze module-based network approaches to build gene regulatory networks, and compare their performance to single gene network approaches. In the process, we propose a novel approach to estimate gene regulatory networks drawing from the module-based methods. We show that generating modules of co-expressed genes which are predicted by a sparse set of regulators using a variational Bayes method, and then building a bipartite graph on the generated modules using sparse regression, yields more informative networks than previous single and module-based network approaches as measured by: (i) the rate of enriched gene sets, (ii) a network topology assessment, (iii) ChIP-Seq evidence and (iv) the KnowEnG Knowledge Network collection of previously characterized gene-gene interactions.

Availability and implementation
The code is written in R and can be downloaded from https://github.com/mikelhernaez/linker.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
VeriNA3d: an R package for nucleic acids data mining
Authors: Gallego Diego , Darré Leonardo , Dans Pablo D , Orozco Modesto 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Summary
veriNA3d is an R package for the analysis of nucleic acids structural data, with an emphasis in complex RNA structures. In addition to single-structure analyses, veriNA3d also implements functions to handle whole datasets of mmCIF/PDB structures that could be retrieved from public/local repositories. Our package aims to fill a gap in the data mining of nucleic acids structures to produce flexible and high throughput analysis of structural databases.

Availability and implementation
http://mmb.irbbarcelona.org/gitlab/dgallego/veriNA3d.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Control of p21Cip by BRCA1-associated protein is critical for cardiomyocyte cell cycle progression and survival
Authors: Volland Cornelia , Schott Peter , Didié Michael , Männer Jörg , Unsöld Bernhard , Toischer Karl , Schmidt Carla , Urlaub Henning , Nickels Katrin , Knöll Ralph , Schmidt Albrecht , Guan Kaomei , Hasenfuß Gerd , Seidler Tim 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Aims
Identifying the key components in cardiomyocyte cell cycle regulation is of relevance for the understanding of cardiac development and adaptive and maladaptive processes in the adult myocardium. BRCA1-associated protein (BRAP) has been suggested as a cytoplasmic retention factor for several proteins including Cyclin-dependent-kinase inhibitor p21Cip. We observed profound expressional changes of BRAP in early postnatal myocardium and investigated the impact of BRAP on cardiomyocyte cell cycle regulation.

Methods and results
General knockout of Brap in mice evoked embryonic lethality associated with reduced myocardial wall thickness and lethal cardiac congestion suggesting a prominent role for BRAP in cardiomyocyte proliferation. αMHC-Cre driven cardiomyocyte-specific knockout of Brap also evoked lethal cardiac failure shortly after birth. Likewise, conditional cardiomyocyte-specific Brap deletion using tamoxifen-induced knockout in adult mice resulted in marked ventricular dilatation and heart failure 3 weeks after induction. Several lines of evidence suggest that Brap deletion evoked marked inhibition of DNA synthesis and cell cycle progression. In cardiomyocytes with proliferative capacity, this causes developmental arrest, whereas in adult hearts loss of BRAP-induced apoptosis. This is explained by altered signalling through p21Cip which we identify as the link between BRAP and cell cycle/apoptosis. BRAP deletion enhanced p21Cip expression, while BRAP overexpression in cardiomyocyte-specific transgenic mice impeded p21Cip expression. That was paralleled by enhanced nuclear Ki-67 expression and DNA synthesis.

Conclusion
By controlling p21Cip activity BRAP expression controls cell cycle activity and prevents developmental arrest in developing cardiomyocytes and apoptosis in adult cardiomyocytes.
Delineating the Asphondylia prosopidis Complex (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae): Possible Biological Control Agents of Honey Mesquite
Authors: Park Ikju , Thompson David C 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The Asphondylia prosopidis Cockrell complex with its fungal associate produces four distinct bud galls on honey mesquite (Prosopis glandulosa). They are considered as potential biological control agents to reduce seed production of invasive mesquites. Previous studies suggest that the complex may consist of more than one gall midge species or biotype. Therefore, before conducting host specificity tests, it is essential to understand the relationships among the gall midges in the complex. Each gall type was collected from sympatric regions in Arizona, New Mexico, and Texas for four years. Here we show that midges producing each gall type were clearly separated based on phylogenetic analysis using DNA sequences in the cytochrome oxidase subunit I region. Furthermore, we confirmed that morphological differences between pupae from each gall type were discernible, although variable, using a scanning electron microscope. Based on these differences, we suggest that the A. prosopidis complex consists of four different gall midge species, three of which are cryptic species. Among them, Asphondylia species producing a barrel gall type and A. prosopidis producing the original gall type are potential biological control agents of P. glandulosa because they are multivoltine species with four to five generations per year that complete their annual life cycle exclusively on flower buds of mesquite.
An investigation of seismic anisotropy in the lowermost mantle beneath Iceland
Authors: Wolf Jonathan , Creasy Neala , Pisconti Angelo , Long Maureen D , Thomas Christine 
Published: July 2019

SUMMARYIceland represents one of the most well-known examples of hotspot volcanism, but the details of how surface volcanism connects to geodynamic processes in the deep mantle remain poorly understood. Recent work has identified evidence for an ultra-low velocity zone in the lowermost mantle beneath Iceland and argued for a cylindrically symmetric upwelling at the base of a deep mantle plume. This scenario makes a specific prediction about flow and deformation in the lowermost mantle, which can potentially be tested with observations of seismic anisotropy. Here we present an investigation of seismic anisotropy in the lowermost mantle beneath Iceland, using differential shear wave splitting measurements of S–ScS and SKS–SKKS phases. We apply our techniques to waves propagating at multiple azimuths, with the goal of gaining good geographical and azimuthal coverage of the region. Practical limitations imposed by the suboptimal distribution of global seismicity at the relevant distance ranges resulted in a relatively small data set, particularly for S–ScS. Despite this, however, our measurements of ScS splitting due to lowermost mantle anisotropy clearly show a rotation of the fast splitting direction from nearly horizontal for two sets of paths that sample away from the low velocity region (implying VSH &gt; VSV) to nearly vertical for a set of paths that sample directly beneath Iceland (implying VSV &gt; VSH). We also find evidence for sporadic SKS–SKKS discrepancies beneath our study region; while the geographic distribution of discrepant pairs is scattered, those pairs that sample closest to the base of the Iceland plume tend to be discrepant. Our measurements do not uniquely constrain the pattern of mantle flow. However, we carried out simple ray-theoretical forward modelling for a suite of plausible anisotropy mechanisms, including those based on single-crystal elastic tensors, those obtained via effective medium modelling for partial melt scenarios, and those derived from global or regional models of flow and texture development in the deep mantle. These simplified models do not take into account details such as possible transitions in anisotropy mechanism or deformation regime, and test a simplified flow field (vertical flow beneath the plume and horizontal flow outside it) rather than more detailed flow scenarios. Nevertheless, our modelling results demonstrate that our ScS splitting observations are generally consistent with a flow scenario that invokes nearly vertical flow directly beneath the Iceland hotspot, with horizontal flow just outside this region.
‘Maternal deaths should simply be 0’: politicization of maternal death reporting and review processes in Ethiopia
Authors: Melberg Andrea , Mirkuzie Alemnesh Hailemariam , Sisay Tesfamichael Awoke , Sisay Mitike Molla , Moland Karen Marie 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The Maternal Death Surveillance and Response system (MDSR) was implemented in Ethiopia in 2013 to record and review maternal deaths. The overall aim of the system is to identify and address gaps in order to prevent future death but, to date, around 10% of the expected number of deaths are reported. This article examines practices and reasoning involved in maternal death reporting and review practices in Ethiopia, building on the concept of ‘practical norms’. The study is based on multi-sited fieldwork at different levels of the Ethiopian health system including interviews, document analysis and observations, and has documented the politicized nature of MDSR implementation. Death reporting and review are challenged by the fact that maternal mortality is a main indicator of health system performance. Health workers and bureaucrats strive to balance conflicting demands when implementing the MDSR system: to report all deaths; to deliver perceived success in maternal mortality reduction by reporting as few deaths as possible; and to avoid personalized accountability for deaths. Fear of personal and political accountability for maternal deaths strongly influences not only reporting practices but also the care given in the study sites. Health workers report maternal deaths in ways that minimize their number and deflect responsibility for adverse outcomes. They attribute deaths to community and infrastructural factors, which are often beyond their control. The practical norms of how health workers report deaths perpetuate a skewed way of seeing problems and solutions in maternal health. On the basis of our findings, we argue that closer attention to the broader political context is needed to understand the implementation of MDSR and other surveillance systems.
Discorrelation Between Primes in Short Intervals and Polynomial Phases
Authors: Matomäki Kaisa , Shao Xuancheng 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Let $H = N^{\theta }, \theta&gt; 2/3$ and $k \geq 1$. We obtain estimates for the following exponential sum over primes in short intervals: $$\begin{equation*} \sum_{N &lt; n \leq N+H} \Lambda(n) \mathrm e(g(n)), \end{equation*}$$where $g$ is a polynomial of degree $k$. As a consequence of this in the special case $g(n) = \alpha n^k$, we deduce a short interval version of the Waring–Goldbach problem.
Mechanisms of antimicrobial-induced nephrotoxicity in children
Authors: Downes Kevin J , Hayes Molly , Fitzgerald Julie C , Pais Gwendolyn M , Liu Jiajun , Zane Nicole R , Goldstein Stuart L , Scheetz Marc H , Zuppa Athena F 
Published: July 2019

AbstractDrug-induced nephrotoxicity is responsible for 20% to 60% of cases of acute kidney injury in hospitalized patients and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality in both children and adults. Antimicrobials are one of the most common classes of medications prescribed globally and also among the most common causes of nephrotoxicity. A broad range of antimicrobial agents have been associated with nephrotoxicity, but the features of kidney injury vary based on the agent, its mechanism of injury and the site of toxicity within the kidney. Distinguishing nephrotoxicity caused by an antimicrobial agent from other potential inciting factors is important to facilitate both early recognition of drug toxicity and prompt cessation of an offending drug, as well as to avoid unnecessary discontinuation of an innocuous therapy. This review will detail the different types of antimicrobial-induced nephrotoxicity: acute tubular necrosis, acute interstitial nephritis and obstructive nephropathy. It will also describe the mechanism of injury caused by specific antimicrobial agents and classes (vancomycin, aminoglycosides, polymyxins, antivirals, amphotericin B), highlight the toxicodynamics of these drugs and provide guidance on administration or monitoring practices that can mitigate toxicity, when known. Particular attention will be paid to paediatric patients, when applicable, in whom nephrotoxin exposure is an often-underappreciated cause of kidney injury.