bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
‘False-positive’ self-reported psychotic experiences in the general population: an investigation of outcome, predictive factors and clinical relevance
Authors: van der Steen Y. , Myin-Germeys I. , van Nierop M. , ten Have M. , de Graaf R. , van Dorsselaer S. , van Os J. , van Winkel R. 
Published: April 2018

Aims.Self-reported psychotic experiences (SRPE) by individuals from the general population are often unconfirmed by clinical interview and referred to as ‘false-positive’ (FP) SRPE. FP SRPE have been suggested to represent the mildest form of risk along the extended psychosis continuum. However, little is known about their (clinical) outcome and evolution over time. Aims of this study were to prospectively examine, in individuals with FP SRPE, (1) the prevalence of remission, persistence and transition to validated PE at 3-year follow-up; (2) potential baseline psychopathological and psychosocial predictors of persistence of FP SRPE and transition to validated PE; and (3) whether those with persistent FP SRPE and validated PE already differed on psychopathology and psychosocial factors at baseline. We tested the hypotheses that (i) individuals with FP SRPE would be more likely to have SRPE and validated PE at follow-up; and (ii) that FP SRPE would be predictive of lower functioning and more psychopathology and help-seeking behaviour at follow-up.Methods.Baseline (n = 6646) and 3-year follow-up (n = 5303) data of the second the Netherlands Mental Health Survey and Incidence Study (NEMESIS-2), a general population research project on prevalence, incidence, course and consequences of psychiatric disorders was used. Self-report of PE was followed by clinical interview to determine clinical validity. The presence of mood, anxiety and substance use disorders, childhood adversity, help-seeking and functioning as well as PE characteristics (number, frequency, distress and impact) were used in the analyses which included only individuals with complete data for both assessments waves (n = 4683).Results.At baseline, 454 participants had any FP SRPE; of these 372 participants had complete follow-up data available. Those with baseline FP SRPE were significantly more likely to report SRPE (OR = 3.58; 95% CI 2.38–5.40, p < 0.001) and validated PE (OR = 6.26; 95% CI 3.91–10.02, p < 0.001) at follow-up. Baseline FP SRPE also predicted the presence of mood and anxiety disorders, reduced functioning and help-seeking at follow-up. Several baseline psychopathological, psychosocial and PE characteristics were predictive for the persistence of SRPE. These factors also differentiated groups with FP SRPE or validated PE from those with remitted FP SRPE at follow-up.Conclusions.‘FP SRPE’ are not truly ‘false’ as they index risk for the development of clinically relevant psychotic symptoms, development of mood and anxiety disorders and reduced functioning. Self-reported PE, even unconfirmed, warrant ‘watchful waiting’ and follow-up over time, especially when they are reported by individuals with reduced psychosocial functioning and general psychiatric problems.
Fluorophore labeling of a cell-penetrating peptide significantly alters the mode and degree of biomembrane interaction
Authors: Hedegaard Sofie Fogh , Derbas Mohammed Sobhi , Lind Tania Kjellerup , Kasimova Marina Robertnova , Christensen Malene Vinther , Michaelsen Maria Høtoft , Campbell Richard A. , Jorgensen Lene , Franzyk Henrik , Cárdenas Marité , Nielsen Hanne Mørck 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe demand for highly efficient macromolecular drugs, used in the treatment of many severe diseases, is continuously increasing. However, the hydrophilic character and large molecular size of these drugs significantly limit their ability to permeate across cellular membranes and thus impede the drugs in reaching their target sites in the body. Cell-penetrating peptides (CPP) have gained attention as promising drug excipients, since they can facilitate drug permeation across cell membranes constituting a major biological barrier. Fluorophores are frequently covalently conjugated to CPPs to improve detection, however, the ensuing change in physico-chemical properties of the CPPs may alter their biological properties. With complementary biophysical techniques, we show that the mode of biomembrane interaction may change considerably upon labeling of the CPP penetratin (PEN) with a fluorophore. Fluorophore-PEN conjugates display altered modes of membrane interaction with increased insertion into the core of model cell membranes thereby exerting membrane-thinning effects. This is in contrast to PEN, which localizes along the head groups of the lipid bilayer, without affecting the thickness of the lipid tails. Particularly high membrane disturbance is observed for the two most hydrophobic PEN conjugates; rhodamine B or 1-pyrene butyric acid, as compared to the four other tested fluorophore-PEN conjugates.
Comparative genomics provides insights into the lifestyle and reveals functional heterogeneity of dark septate endophytic fungi
Authors: Knapp Dániel G. , Németh Julianna B. , Barry Kerrie , Hainaut Matthieu , Henrissat Bernard , Johnson Jenifer , Kuo Alan , Lim Joanne Hui Ping , Lipzen Anna , Nolan Matt , Ohm Robin A. , Tamás László , Grigoriev Igor V. , Spatafora Joseph W. , Nagy László G. , Kovács Gábor M. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractDark septate endophytes (DSE) are a form-group of root endophytic fungi with elusive functions. Here, the genomes of two common DSE of semiarid areas, Cadophora sp. and Periconia macrospinosa were sequenced and analyzed with another 32 ascomycetes of different lifestyles. Cadophora sp. (Helotiales) and P. macrospinosa (Pleosporales) have genomes of 70.46 Mb and 54.99 Mb with 22,766 and 18,750 gene models, respectively. The majority of DSE-specific protein clusters lack functional annotation with no similarity to characterized proteins, implying that they have evolved unique genetic innovations. Both DSE possess an expanded number of carbohydrate active enzymes (CAZymes), including plant cell wall degrading enzymes (PCWDEs). Those were similar in three other DSE, and contributed a signal for the separation of root endophytes in principal component analyses of CAZymes, indicating shared genomic traits of DSE fungi. Number of secreted proteases and lipases, aquaporins, and genes linked to melanin synthesis were also relatively high in our fungi. In spite of certain similarities between our two DSE, we observed low levels of convergence in their gene family evolution. This suggests that, despite originating from the same habitat, these two fungi evolved along different evolutionary trajectories and display considerable functional differences within the endophytic lifestyle.
Radiosensitization by Marine Sponge Agelas sp. Extracts in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells with Autophagy Induction
Authors: Choi Changhoon , Son Arang , Lee Hyi-Seung , Lee Yeon-Ju , Park Hee Chul 
Published: April 2018

AbstractAlthough radiation therapy is an effective treatment modality in many cancers, there is an urgent need to develop therapeutic drugs capable of overcoming radioresistance or minimizing normal tissue toxicity. A wide variety of marine-derived bioactive compounds have been screened for anti-cancer drug discovery, but little is known regarding radiation therapy applications. In this study, six different extracts of marine sponges collected from the Micronesian sea were screened for anti-cancer and radiosensitizing activity. Two extracts derived from Agelas sponges collected off the coast of Kosrae and Chuuk, the Federated States of Micronesia significantly decreased clonogenic survival of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells after exposure to ionizing radiation (IR). The Agelas extracts augmented IR-induced apoptosis and accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress was increased via unfolded protein response stimulation, which induced autophagy. N-acetylcysteine, a ROS scavenger, diminished ER stress and autophagy induction effects. This result indicated that Agelas extracts may sensitize HCC cells to IR via ROS overproduction in vitro. Our findings suggest that the Agelas sp. may have potential utility in radiosensitizer development.
Tunable Transmission and Deterministic Interface states in Double-zero-index Acoustic Metamaterials
Authors: Zhao Wei , Yang Yuting , Tao Zhi , Hang Zhi Hong 
Published: April 2018

AbstractFollowing the seminal work by Dubois et al. (Nat. Commun. 8, 14871 (2017)), we study a double-zero-index acoustic metamaterial with triangular lattice. By varying the height and diameter of air scatterers inside a parallel-plate acoustic waveguide, acoustic dispersion of the first-order waveguide mode can be manipulated and various interesting properties are explored. With accidental degeneracy of monopolar and dipolar modes, we numerically prove the double-zero-index properties of this novel acoustic metamaterial. Acoustic waveguides with tunable and asymmetric transmission are realized with this double-zero-index acoustic metamaterial embedded. Band inversion occurs if the bulk acoustic band diagram of this acoustic metamaterial is tuned. Deterministic interface states are found to exist on the interface between two acoustic metamaterials with inverted band diagrams.
Systematic evaluation of RNA quality, microarray data reliability and pathway analysis in fresh, fresh frozen and formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue samples
Authors: Wimmer Isabella , Tröscher Anna R. , Brunner Florian , Rubino Stephen J. , Bien Christian G. , Weiner Howard L. , Lassmann Hans , Bauer Jan 
Published: April 2018

AbstractFormalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues are valuable resources commonly used in pathology. However, formalin fixation modifies nucleic acids challenging the isolation of high-quality RNA for genetic profiling. Here, we assessed feasibility and reliability of microarray studies analysing transcriptome data from fresh, fresh-frozen (FF) and FFPE tissues. We show that reproducible microarray data can be generated from only 2 ng FFPE-derived RNA. For RNA quality assessment, fragment size distribution (DV200) and qPCR proved most suitable. During RNA isolation, extending tissue lysis time to 10 hours reduced high-molecular-weight species, while additional incubation at 70 °C markedly increased RNA yields. Since FF- and FFPE-derived microarrays constitute different data entities, we used indirect measures to investigate gene signal variation and relative gene expression. Whole-genome analyses revealed high concordance rates, while reviewing on single-genes basis showed higher data variation in FFPE than FF arrays. Using an experimental model, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) of FFPE-derived microarrays and fresh tissue-derived RNA-Seq datasets yielded similarly affected pathways confirming the applicability of FFPE tissue in global gene expression analysis. Our study provides a workflow comprising RNA isolation, quality assessment and microarray profiling using minimal RNA input, thus enabling hypothesis-generating pathway analyses from limited amounts of precious, pathologically significant FFPE tissues.
Exploring drying pattern of a sessile droplet of genomic DNA in the presence of hematite nanoparticles
Authors: Bhar Rekha , Kaur Gurpreet , Mehta S. K. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractFor the first time, drying pattern of a sessile droplet of genomic DNA, in the presence of hematite nanoparticles was sighted by polarizing optical microscopy (POM) in this research article. POM results indicated that only at an appreciably high concentration of hematite nanoparticles dried pattern of deoxyribonucleic acid from calf thymus (CT-DNA) was altered. Iron hybridized cetylpyridinium chloride was utilized for the preparation of iron oxide nanoparticles through hydrothermal method. Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and powder x-ray diffraction (PXRD) studies confirmed the formation of highly crystalline hematite i.e. α-Fe2O3 nanoparticles. Morphology of the synthesized nanoparticle was visualized by transmission electron microscope (TEM) and field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), which revealed that nanoparticles were rhombohedral in shape with a size of 45 ± 10 nm. Based upon all the findings, hydrothermal growth mechanism was also proposed having bilayer protection of surfactant around the nanoparticles. UV-Vis spectroscopy and fluorescence spectroscopy were explored to study the affinity of thus prepared nanoparticles towards calf thymus deoxyribonucleic acid (CT-DNA). The low value of binding constant calculated from the spectroscopy data confirmed the weak interaction between nanoparticles and the CT-DNA.
Complete agreement of the post-spinel transition with the 660-km seismic discontinuity
Authors: Ishii Takayuki , Huang Rong , Fei Hongzhan , Koemets Iuliia , Liu Zhaodong , Maeda Fumiya , Yuan Liang , Wang Lin , Druzhbin Dmitry , Yamamoto Takafumi , Bhat Shrikant , Farla Robert , Kawazoe Takaaki , Tsujino Noriyoshi , Kulik Eleonora , Higo Yuji , Tange Yoshinori , Katsura Tomoo 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe 660-km seismic discontinuity, which is a significant structure in the Earth’s mantle, is generally interpreted as the post-spinel transition, as indicated by the decomposition of ringwoodite to bridgmanite + ferropericlase. All precise high-pressure and high-temperature experiments nevertheless report 0.5–2 GPa lower transition pressures than those expected at the discontinuity depth (i.e. 23.4 GPa). These results are inconsistent with the post-spinel transition hypothesis and, therefore, do not support widely accepted models of mantle composition such as the pyrolite and CI chondrite models. Here, we present new experimental data showing post-spinel transition pressures in complete agreement with the 660-km discontinuity depth obtained by high-resolution in situ X-ray diffraction in a large-volume high-pressure apparatus with a tightly controlled sample pressure. These data affirm the applicability of the prevailing mantle models. We infer that the apparently lower pressures reported by previous studies are experimental artefacts due to the pressure drop upon heating. The present results indicate the necessity of reinvestigating the position of mantle mineral phase boundaries previously obtained by in situ X-ray diffraction in high-pressure–temperature apparatuses.
A modelling approach to infer the solar wind dynamic pressure from magnetic field observations inside Mercury’s magnetosphere
Authors: Fatemi S. , Poirier N. , Holmström M. , Lindkvist J. , Wieser M. , Barabash S. 
Published: April 2018

Aims.The lack of an upstream solar wind plasma monitor when a spacecraft is inside the highly dynamic magnetosphere of Mercury limits interpretations of observed magnetospheric phenomena and their correlations with upstream solar wind variations.Methods.We used AMITIS, a three-dimensional GPU-based hybrid model of plasma (particle ions and fluid electrons) to infer the solar wind dynamic pressure and Alfvén Mach number upstream of Mercury by comparing our simulation results with MESSENGER magnetic field observations inside the magnetosphere of Mercury. We selected a few orbits of MESSENGER that have been analysed and compared with hybrid simulations before. Then we ran a number of simulations for each orbit (~30–50 runs) and examined the effects of the upstream solar wind plasma variations on the magnetic fields observed along the trajectory of MESSENGER to find the best agreement between our simulations and observations.Results.We show that, on average, the solar wind dynamic pressure for the selected orbits is slightly lower than the typical estimated dynamic pressure near the orbit of Mercury. However, we show that there is a good agreement between our hybrid simulation results and MESSENGER observations for our estimated solar wind parameters. We also compare the solar wind dynamic pressure inferred from our model with those predicted previously by the WSA-ENLIL model upstream of Mercury, and discuss the agreements and disagreements between the two model predictions. We show that the magnetosphere of Mercury is highly dynamic and controlled by the solar wind plasma and interplanetary magnetic field. In addition, in agreement with previous observations, our simulations show that there are quasi-trapped particles and a partial ring current-like structure in the nightside magnetosphere of Mercury, more evident during a northward interplanetary magnetic field (IMF). We also use our simulations to examine the correlation between the solar wind dynamic pressure and stand-off distance of the magnetopause and compare it with MESSENGER observations. We show that our model results are in good agreement with the response of the magnetopause to the solar wind dynamic pressure, even during extreme solar events. We also show that our model can be used as a virtual solar wind monitor near the orbit of Mercury and this has important implications for interpretation of observations by MESSENGER and the future ESA/JAXA mission to Mercury, BepiColombo.
Psychologie des Fastens
Authors: Brunnhuber Stefan , Somburg Oliver 
Published: April 2018

ZusammenfassungObwohl die physiologischen Auswirkungen der freiwilligen und kontrollierten Kalorienrestriktion bereits umfassend erforscht werden, lässt sich der komplexe Prozess des Fastens auf mentaler Ebene und als phasenhaft verlaufende Erfahrung nicht auf einzelne Hirnregionen oder Abläufe der Neurochemie reduzieren, wie sie in Konnektivitätsstudien oder Second-Brain-Studien beschrieben werden. Fasten ist eine spezifische menschliche Erfahrung, zu der die klinische Psychologie wichtige Erkenntnisse beitragen kann. Wesentliche psychische Mechanismen beim Fasten und die Auswirkungen auf das Erleben im Verlauf des Fastenvorganges, sollen hier beschrieben werden.
„Sensibler Bauch“ und starker Appetit
Authors: Stapelfeldt Elmar 
Published: April 2018

SummaryDie junge Patientin mit Reizdarmbeschwerden wird nach ausführlicher Anamnese und insbesondere Ernährungsanamnese zu den Grundsätzen der ayurvedischen Ernährungstherapie (warm, regelmäßig, leicht verdaulich) beraten. Zum Folgetermin nach 3 Wochen haben sich die Beschwerden bereits deutlich gebessert. Werden die Ayurveda-Empfehlungen eingehalten, kommt es bei der Patientin zu einer zügigen Verbesserung der Reizdarmsymptomatik.Dieser typische Fall aus der Ayurveda-Praxis bestätigt die Annahme, dass eher generelle Aspekte wie das warme, regelmäßige Essen leicht verdaulicher Speisen eine Lösung für das Reizdarmsyndrom darstellen können. Die Karenz vermeintlich auslösender Molekülgruppen in bestimmten Nahrungsmitteln oder der vermehrte Einsatz von Nahrungsmitteln, die gemäß pharmakologischer Prinzipien eine Heilung bewirken sollen, haben sich nach der Erfahrung des Autors in der Praxis wenig bewährt.
Antidepressant Prescription and Risk of Lung Cancer: A Nationwide Case-Control Study
Authors: Tsai Chia-Jui , Chiu Wei-Che , Chen Chia-Ju , Chen Pau-Chung , McIntyre Roger , Chen Vincent 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Introduction In recent decades, concern about safety of antidepressants has been raised but the risk between antidepressants and lung cancer has not yet been established.
Methods A case-control study was conducted by using a nationwide database in Taiwan. The case groups were new onset lung cancer diagnosis during 1999–2008 and age- and gender-matched controls were selected among those without any cancer. The cumulative exposure dose before the lung cancer diagnosis was added and risks were calculated according to the levels of defined daily dose and classes of antidepressants.
Results A total of 39,001 individuals with lung cancer and 189,906 individuals without lung cancer between 1999 and 2008 were included in the analysis. Antidepressants, of any class, were not associated with elevated risks for lung cancer with the exception of bupropion at high exposure levels (odds ratio=4.81, 95% confidence interval=1.39–16.71).
Discussion Antidepressant prescription was not associated with elevation of lung cancer incidence using a nationally representative sample. The elevated risk for lung cancer with bupropion at high doses may be a bias by indication and warrant longitudinal investigation.
Ideological shifts between bilingual EU texts
Authors: Damaskinidis George 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
This article examines the translation of an official English European Council text, namely a Commission Communication, into Greek.
A critical discourse analysis-based methodology is used to probe the manipulation of ideological shifts between the English source
text and its Greek translation. The analysis of both texts aims to shed light on the way culturally-approved patterns reflect and
also influence society’s priorities and preoccupations. The comparative analysis provides an example of how the European Union and
its official working language influenced the translator’s attitudes and motivations in decoding various ideological patterns.
Adopting a social view of political ideologies and their associated readerships, the article discusses how discourse and ideology
mediate in the translation of the English-Greek language pair. It shows how discourse reinforces ideological assumptions and how
it challenges them by emphasizing that the source culture violates the very norms and values the target culture holds dear.
The decade construction rivalry in Russian
Authors: Nesset Tore , Makarova Anastasia 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThis article addresses the diachronic development of so-called rival forms, i.e., words or grammatical constructions that appear to be synonyms, based on a detailed empirical analysis of two seemingly synonymous constructions in Russian. Corresponding to the English ‘decade construction’in the twenties, Russian has two rival constructions, viz.v dvadcatye gody[lit. “in the twentieth years”] (with the numeral and noun in the accusative) andv dvadcatyx godax(with the numeral and noun in the locative case). Three hypotheses about rival forms are considered: leveling (whereby one form ousts its rival), sociolinguistic differentiation (whereby the two rivals survive in different varieties of a language) and semantic differentiation (whereby the two rivals develop different meanings over time). Contrary to what has been suggested in the literature, we find little evidence for semantic and sociolinguistic differentiation. Instead, we demonstrate that leveling is taking place, since the accusative construction is in the process of ousting its rival. While our study shows that corpus data facilitate detailed analysis of the interaction between leveling, sociolinguistic differentiation and semantic differentiation, our analysis also points to limitations, especially when it comes to corpus-based analysis of sociolinguistic and semantic factors.
A Hard Science Spoken Word List
Authors: Dang Thi Ngoc Yen 
Published: April 2018

AbstractA Hard Science Spoken Word List (HSWL) was developed and validated to help second language learners of hard sciences better comprehend academic speech at English-medium universities. It consists of the 1,595 most frequent and wide ranging word families in a 6.5-million running word hard science spoken corpus which represents 12 subjects across two equally-sized sub-corpora. Its coverage in different discourse types indicates that the HSWL truly reflects the language in hard science academic speech. The comparison between the HSWL withDang, Coxhead, and Webb’s (2017)Academic Spoken Word List shows that the HSWL focuses more on specialized vocabulary in hard science speech. Depending on their vocabulary levels, learners may achieve 93%–96% coverage of hard science academic speech with knowledge of the HSWL words.