bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phycobiliprotein-mediated synthesis of biogenic silver nanoparticles, characterization, in vitro and in vivo assessment of anticancer activities
Authors: El-Naggar Noura El-Ahmady , Hussein Mervat H. , El-Sawah Asmaa Atallah 
Published: June 2018

AbstractPhycoerythrin is the main phycobiliprotein that responsible for harvesting light for photosynthesis in cyanobacteria. In this research, phycoerythrin extracted from the cyanobacterium Nostoc carneum has been used to reduce silver nitrate for silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) biosynthesis. UV–visible spectrophotometry for measuring surface plasmon resonance showed a single absorption peak at 430 nm, which confirmed the presence of AgNPs. The face-centered central composite design was chosen to evaluate the interaction effects between four process variables and also to determine their optimal levels which influence the AgNPs biosynthesis using phycoerythrin. The maximum silver nanoparticles biosynthesis (1733.260 ± 21 µg/mL) was achieved in the central runs under the conditions of initial pH 10, incubation period of the 24 h, phycoerythrin concentration of the 0.8 mg/mL and 20 mM of AgNO3. The biosynthesized AgNPs were characterized using TEM which revealed the formation of spherical shape nanoparticles with size ranged between 7.1‒26.68 nm. EDX analysis confirmed silver as the major constituent element. FTIR spectrum indicates the presence of proteinaceous capping agent that prevents silver nanoparticles agglomeration. The IC50 of cell inhibition by AgNPs was observed at 13.07 ± 1.1 µg/mL. Treatment of mice bearing Ehrlich ascites carcinoma with 5 mg AgNPs/kg of mice body weight significantly decreased tumor volume, tumor cells count, white blood cells count and body weight. It was concluded that the phycoerythrin protein has the ability to synthesize AgNPs, which have antibacterial, antihemolytic, in vitro and in vivo cytotoxic activities.
The P2X7 receptor and pannexin-1 are involved in glucose-induced autocrine regulation in β-cells
Authors: Tozzi Marco , Larsen Anna T. , Lange Sofie C. , Giannuzzo Andrea , Andersen Martin N. , Novak Ivana 
Published: June 2018

AbstractExtracellular ATP is an important short-range signaling molecule that promotes various physiological responses virtually in all cell types, including pancreatic β-cells. It is well documented that pancreatic β-cells release ATP through exocytosis of insulin granules upon glucose stimulation. We hypothesized that glucose might stimulate ATP release through other non-vesicular mechanisms. Several purinergic receptors are found in β-cells and there is increasing evidence that purinergic signaling regulates β-cell functions and survival. One of the receptors that may be relevant is the P2X7 receptor, but its detailed role in β-cell physiology is unclear. In this study we investigated roles of the P2X7 receptor and pannexin-1 in ATP release, intracellular ATP, Ca2+signals, insulin release and cell proliferation/survival in β-cells. Results show that glucose induces rapid release of ATP and significant fraction of release involves the P2X7 receptor and pannexin-1, both expressed in INS-1E cells, rat and mouse β-cells. Furthermore, we provide pharmacological evidence that extracellular ATP, via P2X7 receptor, stimulates Ca2+transients and cell proliferation in INS-1E cells and insulin secretion in INS-1E cells and rat islets. These data indicate that the P2X7 receptor and pannexin-1 have important functions in β-cell physiology, and should be considered in understanding and treatment of diabetes.
Int6/eIF3e Silencing Promotes Placenta Angiogenesis in a Rat Model of Pre-eclampsia
Authors: Li Qin , Yao Baolin , Endler Alexander , Chen Li , Shibasaki Futoshi , Cheng Haidong 
Published: June 2018

AbstractWe investigated whether stable eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3e/inter 6 (eIF-3e/Int6) RNA-silencing (siRNA-Int6) can ameliorate pre-eclampsia (PE) by promoting angiogenesis in an N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME)-induced rat pre-eclampsia (PE) model. Twenty-four pregnant female Sprague–Dawley rats were allocated into 4 groups, including controls (Con) without any treatment, and 18 from gestational day (GD) 7 to GD17 L-NAME-treated rats, which were divided into stable siRNA-Int6 transfected (siRNA-Int6), negative vector control siRNA (NC-siRNA) and PE control (PE-Con) groups. All adenovirus siRNA transfections were performed on GD7 via intravenous tail injection. On GD0, GD11 and GD17, blood pressure, and on GD6 and GD17, protein estimations in 24 h urine samples were conducted. All animals were sacrificed on GD18. In the PE-Con group, placental Int6 was expressed to a significantly greater level than in the Con group, which was reversed by the application of siRNA-Int6. Blood pressure and proteinuria were significantly lower in the siRNA-Int6 group than in the PRE-Con group. As shown by CD31 and IB4 expression, placental micro-vascular density (MVD) was significantly higher in the siRNA-Int6 group than in the PE-Con and NC-siRNA groups, which has accompanied by enhanced trophoblast invasion. Int6 silencing alleviated the maternal clinical manifestations of pre-eclampsia and promoted placental angiogenesis in pregnant L-NAME-treated rats.
Transcriptomic and neurochemical analysis of the stellate ganglia in mice highlights sex differences
Authors: Bayles R. G. , Olivas A. , Denfeld Q. , Woodward W. R. , Fei S. S. , Gao L. , Habecker B. A. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe stellate ganglia are the predominant source of sympathetic innervation to the heart. Remodeling of the nerves projecting to the heart has been observed in several cardiovascular diseases, however studies of adult stellate ganglia are limited. A profile of the baseline transcriptomic and neurochemical characteristics of the stellate ganglia in adult C57Bl6j mice, a common model for the study of cardiovascular diseases, may aid future investigations. We have generated a dataset of baseline measurements of mouse stellate ganglia using RNAseq, HPLC and mass spectrometry. Expression differences between male and female mice were identified. These differences included physiologically important genes for growth factors, receptors and ion channels. While the neurochemical profiles of male and female stellate ganglia were not different, minor differences in neurotransmitter content were identified in heart tissue.
Comparative transcriptome analysis of dikaryotic mycelia and mature fruiting bodies in the edible mushroom Lentinula edodes
Authors: Song Ha-Yeon , Kim Dae-Hyuk , Kim Jung-Mi 
Published: June 2018

AbstractLentinula edodes is a popular cultivated edible mushroom with high nutritional and medicinal value. To understand the regulation of gene expression in the dikaryotic mycelium and mature fruiting body in the commercially important Korean L. edodes strain, we first performed comparative transcriptomic analysis, using Illumina HiSeq platform. De novo assembly of these sequences revealed 11,675 representative transcripts in two different stages of L. edodes. A total of 9,092 unigenes were annotated and subjected to Gene Ontology, EuKaryotic Orthologous Groups, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses. Gene expression analysis revealed that 2,080 genes were differentially expressed, with 1,503 and 577 upregulated in the mycelium and a mature fruiting body, respectively. Analysis of 18 KEGG categories indicated that fruiting body-specific transcripts were significantly enriched in ‘replication and repair’ and ‘transcription’ pathways, which are important for premeiotic replication, karyogamy, and meiosis during maturation. We also searched for fruiting body-specific proteins such as aspartic protease, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, and cyclohexanone monooxygenase, which are involved in fruiting body maturation and isolation of functional substances. These transcriptomes will be useful in elucidating the molecular mechanisms of mature fruiting body development and beneficial properties, and contribute to the characterization of novel genes in L. edodes.
Lymph node γδ and αβ CD8+ T cells share migratory properties
Authors: Ugur Milas , Kaminski Anne , Pabst Oliver 
Published: June 2018

AbstractDuring immune responses, T cells differentiate into subsets with different functions and migratory properties. Here we characterize migratory behavior of endogenous αβ CD8+ and γδ T cells in lymph nodes by long-term tracking following in vivo photoconversion. We identified subsets of γδ T cells with distinct circulation kinetics that closely mirrored migratory subsets of αβ CD8+ T cells. Notably, αβ CD8+ and γδ T cells both comprised resident populations which stayed in lymph nodes for 4 weeks without circulation or proliferation. Furthermore, in contrast to the common conception, we observed that central memory αβ CD8+ T cells circulate with slower kinetics than naïve cells. Our results show that, similar to αβ T cells, γδ T cells can acquire distinct migratory properties during their development and differentiation and reveal unexpected intricacies of T cell migratory patterns.
Boron accumulation by Lemna minor L. under salt stress
Authors: Liu Chunguang , Gu Wancong , Dai Zheng , Li Jia , Jiang Hongru , Zhang Qian 
Published: June 2018

AbstractExcess boron (B) is toxic to aquatic organisms and humans. Boron is often present in water with high salinity. To evaluate the potential of duckweed (Lemna minor L.) for removing B from water under salt stress, we cultured duckweed in water with 2 mg/L of B and sodium chloride (NaCl) concentrations ranging from 0 to 200 mM for 4 days. The results show that with increasing salinity, the capacity of L. minor to accumulate B initially decreased and then increased. L. minor used different mechanisms to accumulate boron at lower and higher levels of salt stress. The growth and chlorophyll synthesis of L. minor were significantly inhibited when the concentration of NaCl reached 100 mM. Our results suggest that L. minor is suitable for the accumulation of B when NaCl salinity is below 100 mM.
Modified Newcastle Disease virus as an improved vaccine vector against Simian Immunodeficiency virus
Authors: Manoharan Vinoth K. , Khattar Sunil K. , LaBranche Celia C. , Montefiori David C. , Samal Siba K. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractSIV infection in macaques is a relevant animal model for HIV pathogenesis and vaccine study in humans. To design a safe and effective vaccine against HIV, we evaluated the suitability of naturally-occurring avirulent Newcastle disease virus (NDV) strains and several modified versions of NDV as vectors for the expression and immunogenicity of SIV envelope protein gp160. All the NDV vectors expressed gp160 protein in infected cells. The gp160 expressed by these vectors formed oligomers and was incorporated into the NDV envelope. All the NDV vectors expressing gp160 were attenuated in chickens. Intranasal immunization of guinea pigs with modified NDV vectors such as rNDV-APMV-2CS/gp160 and rNDV-APMV-8CS/gp160 (NDV strain LaSota containing the cleavage site sequences of F protein of avian paramyxovirus (APMV) serotype 2 and 8, respectively), and rNDV-BC-F-HN/gp160 (NDV strain BC containing LaSota F cleavage site and LaSota F and HN genes) elicited improved SIV-specific humoral and mucosal immune responses compared to other NDV vectors. These modified vectors were also efficient in inducing neutralizing antibody responses to tier 1 A SIVmac251.6 and tier 1B SIVmac251/M766 strains. This study suggests that our novel modified NDV vectors are safe and immunogenic and can be used as vaccine vector to control HIV.
The affective construction in Yoron Ryukyuan
Authors: Seraku Tohru , Tohyama Nana 
Published: June 2018

AbstractIn Yoron Ryukyuan, passives are formed through the verbal suffix ‘-ari’. In this article, we observe that the suffix is used to form a construction distinguished from the standard passives in several respects: (i) attachment of ‘-ari’ to a wide range of predicates, (ii) ‘-ari’ obligatorily coexisting with the clause-linking suffix ‘-ti’, (iii) the case-marking pattern identical to that of active sentences, among other properties. Semantically, this construction expresses that the speaker is affected (typically, in an adversative fashion) by the situation denoted by the ‘-ari’-attached predicate. We call this linguistic unit "Affective Construction" (AC), revealing its unique syntactic and semantic properties. Furthermore, we suggest that the development of ‘-ari’ into ‘-ari-ti’ to constitute the AC may be viewed as an instance of grammaticalisation, with remarks on its generality in line with Unidirectionality and on the licensing conditions on the AC which seem to be uncommon cross-linguistically.
C. B. Macpherson: Philosopher or Radical Educator?
Authors: Lindsay Peter 
Published: June 2018

AbstractPhillip Hansen’s Reconsidering C. B. Macpherson:From Possessive Individualism to Democratic Theory and Beyond has many virtues, principal among them the fact that it casts Macpherson’s thought in what to many will be the unfamiliar light of Continental critical theory. Doing so could broaden Macpherson’s audience to include those working within this tradition. What is less clear is whether casting Macpherson’s thought in this light will yield any new insights into his historical interpretations or his democratic theory. I argue that there may be reasons to doubt that it will.
Grifola frondosa (Maitake) extract activates PPARδ and improves glucose intolerance in high-fat diet-induced obese mice
Authors: Aoki Hana , Hanayama Motoki , Mori Koichiro , Sato Ryuichiro 
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACT
Grifola frondosa is a mushroom that has anti-obesity effects, but the detailed mechanism is poorly understood. In this study, we found that lipid soluble extracts derived from G. frondosa (GFE) had peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor δ (PPARδ) agonist activity, inducing the expression of PPARδ-target genes in vitro. Furthermore, administration of GFE to high-fat diet-induced obese mice lowered the total blood cholesterol levels, upregulated the expression of PPARδ-target genes in skeletal muscles and improved glucose intolerance. Additionally, analyses of C2C12 myotubes revealed that GFE restored glucose uptake, which was inhibited by sodium palmitate, to normal levels. Unexpectedly, such acceleration was not abolished by a PPARδ antagonist. These results suggest that G. frondosa is a novel functional food that may prevent life-style related diseases like obesity and diabetes, and that these beneficial effects are likely to be mediated through the activation of PPARδ and a PPARδ-independent insulin signaling pathway.
Failure to Meet Generative Self-Expectations is Linked to Poorer Cognitive–Affective Well-Being
Authors: Grossman Molli R , Gruenewald Tara L 
Published: June 2018

Abstract

Objectives
Generativity, or concern with contributing to others, is theorized to be an important goal of mid-to-late life. Greater self-perceptions of generativity are associated with better well-being over time. The aim of this study is to examine how generative self-perceptions and failure to meet generative expectations over time are linked to specific cognitive–affective states (feelings of connectedness, self-worth, and positive affect), and consequently, life satisfaction.

Method
Analyses used data from Waves 2 and 3 of the National Survey of Midlife Development in the United States (MIDUS). Multiple mediation was utilized to assess whether these cognitive–affective states linked generative failure to decreased life satisfaction. A Johnson–Neyman moderation analysis determined whether these associations vary with age.

Results
In demographically adjusted regressions, generative contributions and expectations were associated with greater perceived social connectedness, self-worth, and positive effect. Generative failure was associated with lower life satisfaction, a link that was strongest in the middle-aged and young-old and mediated by the cognitive–affective states.

Discussion
Greater feelings of generativity, and more positive expectations for future contributions, are associated cross-sectionally and over time with better affective well-being. Positive affect, social connectedness, and self-worth may partially explain why generative failure over time is linked to decreased life satisfaction.
Spatio-temporal patterns and reproductive costs of abnormal clutches of female American lobster, Homarus americanus, in eastern Canada
Authors: Tang Feng , Haarr Marthe Larsen , Sainte-Marie Bernard , Comeau Michel , Tremblay M John , Gaudette Julien , Rochette Rémy 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Previous studies have documented female American lobster, Homarus americanus, carrying “abnormal clutches”, i.e. with eggs covering less than half of their abdomen. From 2011 to 2014, we worked alongside harvesters to quantify spatio-temporal patterns and reproductive costs of abnormal clutches among 138 738 egg-bearing female lobsters sampled from 193 homeports spread across eastern Canada. Females with abnormal clutches were ubiquitous, being found in 90% of homeports. Their incidence was, however, relatively low, averaging 6% across sampling times and locations. The incidence decreased between spawning and 7–9 months after spawning, potentially due to cases of complete brood failure caused by sperm limitation, and it then increased toward the end of the brooding period, potentially due to repeated catch and release of ovigerous females during the fishery. In most regions, small females were more likely to carry abnormal clutches than larger females. We estimated population-level egg loss between late oogenesis and hatching of embryos at 47–51%, with approximately half being associated with normal clutches and half with abnormal clutches and complete brood failure.
Learning to Become a Taste Expert
Authors: Latour Kathryn A , Deighton John A 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Evidence suggests that consumers seek to become more expert about hedonic products to enhance their enjoyment of future consumption occasions. Current approaches to becoming expert center on cultivating an analytic mind-set. In the present research the authors explore the benefit to enthusiasts of moving beyond analytics to cultivate a holistic style of processing. In the taste context the authors define holistic processing as nonverbal, imagery-based, and involving narrative processing. The authors conduct qualitative interviews with taste experts (Master Sommeliers) to operationalize the holistic approach to hedonic learning, and then test it against traditional analytic methods in a series of experiments across a range of hedonic products. The results suggest that hedonic learning follows a sequence of stages whose order matters, and that the holistic stage is facilitated by attending to experience as a narrative event and by employing visual imagery. The results of this multimethod investigation have implications for both managers and academics interested in how consumers learn to become expert in hedonic product categories.
Open data for better science
Authors: Zhao Weijie 
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACT
The past two decades have seen increasing interests in open data. Many scientists believe that the original research data should be properly organized and opened to the public and researchers throughout the world, and, once the open-data strategies are put into practice, the entire scientific research enterprise could be transformed. Driven by the trend of data sharing many platforms and repositories have been established. Universities, funding agencies and academic journals are also taking an active role in facilitating data sharing.
In this forum discussion organized by National Science Review and chaired by Jianhui Li, panelists from diverse backgrounds who have all participated in the development of open data gathered together and talked about the recent progress and future directions of open data.
Chenzhou Cui

Chief Information Officer of the National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
Xiangdong Fang

Professor at Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
Mark Musen

Director of the Stanford Center for Biomedical Informatics Research, Stanford University, California, USA
Lydia Pintscher

Product manager of Wikidata, Wikimedia Deutschland, Berlin, Germany
Beth Plale

Director of Data to Insight Center, Professor of Informatics and Computing, Indiana University, Bloomington, USA
Paul Uhlir

Consultant, Information Policy and Management, New York, USA; Formerly Director of the Board on Research Data and Information, National Academy of Sciences, Washington, USA
Jianhui Li (Chair)

Professor at Computer Network Information Centre, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
The Power Context of Police Reform in Belgium—The Brussels Case: A Shift in the Style of Policing after the Terrorist Attacks
Authors: Devroe Elke , Ponsaers Paul 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
After the Paris and Brussels terrorist attacks, the political debate on the organization of the Brussels police force exploded again. The mayor acquired greater discretion to formulate local policy responses in this field. Brussels holds a very complex situation, with 19 Mayors steering 19 different Brussels Dutch-speaking and French-speaking municipalities that are divided in 6 local police ‘zones’. The divided police organization leads to fragmentation, malfunctioning, limited information sharing and political conflicts. In this article we seek for an answer to the central question “How do politics matter?” (Clegg, 1989) in shaping answers to problems of security?” more specificly after the Brussels terroristic attacks.
Internet and Politics: Evidence from U.K. Local Elections and Local Government Policies
Authors: Gavazza Alessandro , Nardotto Mattia , Valletti Tommaso 
Published: June 2018

AbstractWe empirically study the effects of broadband internet diffusion on local election outcomes and on local government policies using rich data from the U.K. Our analysis shows that the internet has displaced other media with greater news content (i.e. radio and newspapers), thereby decreasing voter turnout, most notably among less-educated and younger individuals. In turn, we find suggestive evidence that local government expenditures and taxes are lower in areas with greater broadband diffusion, particularly expenditures targeted at less-educated voters. Our findings are consistent with the idea that voters’ information plays a key role in determining electoral participation, government policies, and government size.