bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New Insight into the EC’ Mechanism of Uric Acid Regeneration in the Presence of Ascorbic Acid on a Poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxithiophene) Modified Gold Electrode
Authors: Crosnier de Lassichere Cédric , Latapie Laure , Evrard David , Gros Pierre 
Published: March 2018

AbstractA gold electrode surface was functionalized by means of an electropolymerized conductive poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) organic layer. This modified electrode was used for the electrochemical detection of ascorbic (AA) and uric (UA) acids in an aqueous mixture with a selectivity around 340 mV. The electrochemical reactions kinetics were limited by AA diffusion and UA adsorption at the electrode surface, respectively. Following a previous study ([Electrochem Comm. 2011, 13, 423–425]) cyclic voltammetry was used to provide a better understanding of the EC’ mechanism of regeneration of UA by AA. Experiments particularly showed that allantoin (i. e. the final product of UA oxidation) is not actually involved in the synergic mechanism but rather the oxidized UA product diimine which is adsorbed at the electrode surface.
Tandem HILIC‐RP liquid chromatography for increased polarity coverage in food analysis
Authors: Hemmler Daniel , Heinzmann Silke S. , Wöhr Katrin , Schmitt‐Kopplin Philippe , Witting Michael 
Published: March 2018

AbstractComprehensive non‐targeted analysis of food products normally requires two complementary chromatographic runs to achieve maximum compound coverage. In this study, we present a sensitive tandem‐LC method, which combines RP and HILIC separation in a single run. The setup consists of a C18 trap column and two subsequently coupled analytical columns (HILIC and C18) which are operated in parallel. First, hydrophobic compounds are retained on the RP trap column while rather hydrophilic compounds are directly transferred onto a HILIC phase. Next, the pre‐fractionated sample composition is analyzed by HILIC or RP chromatography, respectively. The presented setup allows individual and independent gradient elution as well as interfacing with mass spectrometry. The performance of the method has been proven by means of food relevant standards and analysis of complex food samples (e.g. red wine, meat extract). The simple and robust setup provides high flexibility in the selection of column combinations and does not require sophisticated instrumental setups or software. The method significantly increases the covered polarity range compared to classical one‐dimensional chromatography. Our results indicate that tandem LC is a valuable and universal tool in the non‐targeted screening of various types of complex food samples.
Epilepsy as a dynamic disease: A Bayesian model for differentiating seizure risk from natural variability
Authors: Chiang Sharon , Vannucci Marina , Goldenholz Daniel M. , Moss Robert , Stern John M. 
Published: March 2018

SummaryObjectiveA fundamental challenge in treating epilepsy is that changes in observed seizure frequencies do not necessarily reflect changes in underlying seizure risk. Rather, changes in seizure frequency may occur due to probabilistic variation around an underlying seizure risk state caused by normal fluctuations from natural history, leading to seizure unpredictability and potentially suboptimal medication adjustments in epilepsy management. However, no rigorous statistical approach exists to systematically distinguish expected changes in seizure frequency due to natural variability from changes in underlying seizure risk.MethodsUsing data from SeizureTracker.com, a patient‐reported seizure diary tool containing over 1.2 million recorded seizures across 8 years, a novel epilepsy seizure risk assessment tool (EpiSAT) employing a Bayesian mixed‐effects hidden Markov model for zero‐inflated count data was developed to estimate changes in underlying seizure risk using patient‐reported seizure diary and clinical measurement data. Accuracy for correctly assessing underlying seizure risk was evaluated through a simulation comparison. Implications for the natural history of tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) were assessed using data from SeizureTracker.com.ResultsEpiSAT led to significant improvement in seizure risk assessment compared to traditional approaches relying solely on observed seizure frequencies. Applied to TSC, four underlying seizure risk states were identified. The expected duration of each state was <12 months, providing a data‐driven estimate of the amount of time a person with TSC would be expected to remain at the same seizure risk level according to the natural course of epilepsy.SignificanceWe propose a novel Bayesian statistical approach for evaluating seizure risk on an individual patient level using patient‐reported seizure diaries, which allows for the incorporation of external clinical variables to assess impact on seizure risk. This tool may improve the ability to distinguish true changes in seizure risk from natural variations in seizure frequency in clinical practice. Incorporation of systematic statistical approaches into antiepileptic drug (AED) management may help improve understanding of seizure unpredictability as well as timing of treatment interventions for people with epilepsy.
Jamestown Canyon encephalitis with NORSE and electrographic response to ribavirin: a case report
Authors: Savard Martin , Paradis Alain , Francoeur Charles L. 
Published: March 2018

SummaryNew‐onset refractory status epilepticus (NORSE) is a rare condition where refractory seizures occur with no obvious cause in an otherwise healthy individual. We report here the first case of a patient with NORSE caused by Jamestown Canyon virus, an emerging virus throughout North America. This is the first patient with Jamestown Canyon virus encephalitis treated by a specific antiviral agent, in this case intravenous ribavirin, with electroencephalography (EEG) evidence of improvement. This is finally the first reported death caused by this virus, here secondary to intensive care unit complications. Therefore, Jamestown Canyon virus should be considered as a NORSE etiology, and ribavirin may be an effective treatment of that condition, especially if used early.
Seismic characterization of hyperconcentrated flows in a volcanic environment
Authors: Coviello Velio , Capra Lucia , Vázquez Rosario , Márquez-Ramírez Victor H. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractWe present direct observations and monitoring data of a hyperconcentrated flow that occurred along La Lumbre ravine, one of the most active channels of Volcán de Colima in Mexico. Flow properties were inferred from video images and seismic data recorded by a geophone installed outside the channel. We collected flow samples 400 m upstream from the monitoring station and analyzed the variation of sediment concentration and grain‐size distribution over time. A joint analysis of hydrological (i.e. flow velocity, wetted perimeter) and rheological (i.e. yield stress τy and dynamic viscosity μm) parameters was performed to characterize the flow. Different flow regimes and sediment transport processes were identified and analyzed in comparison with both the amplitude and spectral features of the seismic signal. We observed differing sediment concentrations at the same discharge, suggesting a decoupling between sediment transport processes and discharge for low‐magnitude flows. A straightforward correlation was found between the amplitude of the seismic signal and the sediment concentration, and a value of 1.8 × 10−3 mm/s was identified that can be used as a threshold to recognize the hyperconcentrated phase of the flow. This information was tested on the complete seismic dataset gathered at La Lumbre ravine during the 2015 rainy season. We identified the transition from streamflow to hyperconcentrated flow (and/or vice versa) in 16 low‐magnitude events and we validated this result using the video recordings. The correlation between seismic amplitude and sediment concentration is valid at La Lumbre ravine but would need to be tested in other locations for the development of automatic flow classification methods. This work contributes to standardized seismic methods for characterizing flow processes in volcanic environments, also for the development of lahar early warning systems. Copyright © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Impacts of headcut height on flow energy, sediment yield and surface landform during bank gully erosion processes in the Yuanmou Dry‐hot Valley region, southwest China
Authors: Zhang Baojun , Xiong Donghong , Zhang Guanghui , Zhang Su , Wu Han , Yang Dan , Xiao Liang , Dong Yifan , Su Zhengan , Lu Xiaoning 
Published: March 2018

AbstractTo quantify the changes in flow energy, sediment yield and surface landform impacted by headcut height during bank gully erosion, five experimental platforms were constructed with different headcut heights ranging from 25 to 125 cm within an in situ active bank gully head. A series of scouring experiments were conducted under concentrated flow and the changes in flow energy, sediment yield and surface landform were observed. The results showed that great energy consumption occurred at gully head compared to the upstream area and gully bed. The flow energy consumption at gully heads and their contribution rates increased significantly with headcut height. Gully headcuts also contributed more sediment yield than the upstream area. The mean sediment concentrations at the outlet of plots were 2.3 to 7.3 times greater than those at the end of upstream area. Soil loss volume at gully heads and their contribution rates also increased with headcut height significantly. Furthermore, as headcut height increased, the retreat distance of gully heads increased, which was 1.7 to 8.9 times and 1.1 to 3.2 times greater than the incision depth of upstream area and gully beds. Positive correlations were found between energy consumption and soil loss, indicating that energy consumption could be used to estimate soil loss of headcut erosion. Headcut height had a significant impact on flow energy consumption, and thus influenced the changes in sediment yield and landform during the process of gully headcut erosion. Headcut height was one of the important factors for gully erosion control in this region. Further studies are needed to identify the role of headcut height under a wide condition. Copyright © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Bacteria‐sediment associations in an alpine, freshwater environment and their effects on particle size, density and settling velocity
Authors: Barrett David C. , Hodder Kyle R. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThis study measures the presence of bacteria‐sediment associations (BSAs) in an alpine, glacier‐fed watershed in the Southern Coast Mountains of British Columbia, Canada. The impact of BSAs on the creation of flocculated particles and their settling velocity are quantified using a laser transmissometer. Results from the study indicate that BSAs are present in the watershed and vary over both space and time. The percentage of bacteria associated with sediment particles was found to range from < 1% to 40%. Major sources of planktonic bacteria such as agricultural land and wastewater treatment outflow co‐occur with large decreases in the BSA ratio. Laboratory analysis demonstrates that an increase in the concentration of bacteria was associated with a decrease in the volume concentration of small particles, and a decrease in both estimated density and measured settling velocity for particles in larger size classes; consistent with flocculated particles of increasing complexity arising from combinations of primary particles and/or BSAs. Paleoenvironmental reconstructions using laminated lake sediments in alpine, glacier‐fed systems benefit from a fuller understanding of the geomorphologic processes by which they formed. While bacteria are noted to enhance formation of flocculated particles in laboratory systems, their impact upon geomorphic processes in natural systems have yet to be fully explored. © 2018 The Authors. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Effect of chitosan edible coating with Laurus nobilis extract on shelf life of cashew
Authors: Azimzadeh Behnaz , Jahadi Mahshid 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThis study tested the effects of the application of Laurus nobilis aqueous extract and edible coating of chitosan had on the chemical, microbial, and sensory attributes of cashew's shelf life. An aqueous extract of L. nobilis leaf (0, 0.5, and 1% w/w) was added to chitosan solution (0, 0.5, 1% w/w) in the cashew's coating. Cashews were dipped into the coating solution and were kept in polyethylene terephthalate containers. The result showed that chitosan and aqueous extract of L. nobilis coating had significant effects on peroxide and thiobarbituric acid value (p < .05). There was significant reduction in the growth of mold/yeast and mesophilic bacteria with higher concentration of chitosan and L. nobilis aqueous extract (p < .05). The results of this study show chitosan aqueous extract of L. nobilis coating could be an effective preservative method for extending shelf life and improving the stability of cashew.
Maternal and perinatal outcomes in pregnant women with suspected Ebola virus disease in Sierra Leone, 2014
Authors: Lyman Meghan , Mpofu Jonetta Johnson , Soud Fatma , Oduyebo Titilope , Ellington Sascha , Schlough Gabriel W. , Koroma Alimamy P. , McFadden Jevon , Morof Diane 
Published: March 2018

AbstractObjectiveTo describe maternal and perinatal outcomes among pregnant women with suspected Ebola virus disease (EVD) in Sierra Leone.MethodsObservational investigation of maternal and perinatal outcomes among pregnant women with suspected EVD from five districts in Sierra Leone from June to December 2014. Suspected cases were ill pregnant women with symptoms suggestive of EVD or relevant exposures who were tested for EVD. Case frequencies and odds ratios were calculated to compare patient characteristics and outcomes by EVD status.ResultsThere were 192 suspected cases: 67 (34.9%) EVD‐positive, 118 (61.5%) EVD‐negative, and 7 (3.6%) EVD status unknown. Women with EVD had increased odds of death (OR 10.22; 95% CI, 4.87–21.46) and spontaneous abortion (OR 4.93; 95% CI, 1.79–13.55) compared with those without EVD. Women without EVD had a high frequency of death (30.2%) and stillbirths (65.9%). One of 14 neonates born following EVD‐negative and five of six neonates born following EVD‐positive pregnancies died.ConclusionEVD‐positive and EVD‐negative women with suspected EVD had poor outcomes, highlighting the need for increased attention and resources focused on maternal and perinatal health during an urgent public health response. Capturing pregnancy status in nationwide surveillance of EVD can help improve understanding of disease burden and design effective interventions.
The kinetics and mechanism of bone morphogenetic protein 2 release from calcium phosphate‐based implant‐coatings
Authors: Liu Yuelian , Schouten Corinne , Boerman Otto , Wu Gang , Jansen John A. , Hunziker Ernst B. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractBiomimetically deposited calcium phosphate‐based coatings of prostheses can serve as a vehicle for the targeted delivery of growth factors to the local implant environment. Based on indirect evidence in previous studies we hypothesize that such agents are liberated gradually from the coating via a cell‐mediated degradation. In the present study, we tested this hypothesis by investigating the release mechanism and its kinetics by use of a radiolabeled osteogenic agent (131I‐BMP‐2) under conditions in which native cell populations with a coating‐degradative potential were either absent or present. The release of 131I‐BMP‐2 was monitored for 5 weeks, either in vitro or after implantation at an ectopic (subcutaneous) site in rats in vivo. Only from implants that bore a coating‐incorporated depot of bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP‐2) was the agent released slowly and steadily over 5 weeks, that is, 50% of the loaded dose was liberated in vivo (5 to 10% weekly), as against 14.6% in vitro (less than 1% weekly). The coatings bearing an incorporated depot of BMP‐2 underwent significant cell‐mediated degradation, whereas under cell‐free conditions no degradation occurred, and the spontaneous release of BMP‐2 was negligible. Our findings confirm this carrier system to be a suitable vehicle for the sustained and cell‐mediated delivery of BMP‐2. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A:2363–2371, 2018.
Periodic microstructures on bioactive glass surfaces enhance osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stromal cells and promote osteoclastogenesis in vitro
Authors: Höner Miriam , Lauria Ines , Dabhi Christina , Kant Sebastian , Leube Rudolf E. , Fischer Horst 
Published: March 2018

AbstractBioactive glasses (BG) are known for their ability to bond to hard and soft tissues. We hypothesized that the stimulation of bone remodeling, including cellular bone forming and bone resorbing processes, can be increased by applying periodic microstructures on the glass surfaces in vitro. To test our hypothesis, two different BG (45S5 and 13‐93) were microstructured in a groove‐and‐ridge pattern of different sizes by a novel casting process and tested in cell culture experiments using human mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSCs) and RAW 264.7 cells. The microstructures induced contact guidance of hMSCs and increased osteogenic marker gene expression of the stem cells, compared to non‐structured glass surfaces as verified by ELISA and quantitative real‐time PCR (qPCR) analyses. Furthermore, the structures stimulated the differentiation of RAW cells to osteoclast‐like cells confirmed by TRAP gene expression and their resorption activity causing visible resorption lacunae. Our results demonstrate that periodically microstructured BG (especially 45S5) might improve the osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs and influence the activity of material resorbing cells in vitro. Hence, microstructuring of BG could enhance the remodeling process of bone substitutes critical for the formation of new bone tissue in vivo and thus be used to trigger bone remodeling kinetics in vivo. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 1965–1978, 2018.
Exploring the anti‐quorum sensing activity of a d‐limonene nanoemulsion for Escherichia coli O157:H7
Authors: Wang Renjie , Vega Pablo , Xu Yi , Chen Chin‐Yi , Irudayaraj Joseph 
Published: March 2018

AbstractIn this study, a d‐limonene nanoemulsion was developed by using a spontaneous emulsification method and its potential to inhibit the quorum sensing (QS)‐regulated properties of Escherichia coli O157:H7 (E. coli) were revealed. The results in this study showed that d‐limonene nanoemulsion inhibited E. coli biofilm formation through the suppression of curli and extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) production without inhibiting cell growth, and decreased swimming and swarming ability. Further analyses showed that d‐limonene nanoemulsion interfered with auto‐inducer 2 (AI‐2) communication and repressed the expression of curli related genes and AI‐2 importer genes in E. coli. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 1979–1986, 2018.
Layer‐by‐layer buildup of polysaccharide‐containing films: Physico‐chemical properties and mesenchymal stem cells adhesion
Authors: Kulikouskaya Viktoryia I. , Pinchuk Sergei V. , Hileuskaya Kseniya S. , Kraskouski Aliaksandr N. , Vasilevich Irina B. , Matievski Kirill A. , Agabekov Vladimir E. , Volotovski Igor D. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractLayer‐by‐Layer assembled polyelectrolyte films offer the opportunity to control cell attachment and behavior on solid surfaces. In the present study, multilayer films based on negatively charged biopolymers (pectin, dextran sulfate, carboxymethylcellulose) and positively charged polysaccharide chitosan or synthetic polyelectrolyte polyethyleneimine has been prepared and evaluated. Physico‐chemical properties of the formed multilayer films, including their growth, morphology, wettability, stability, and mechanical properties, have been studied. We demonstrated that chitosan‐containing films are characterized by the linear growth, the defect‐free surface, and predominantly viscoelastic properties. When chitosan is substituted for the polyethyleneimine in the multilayer system, the properties of the formed films are significantly altered: the rigidity and surface roughness increases, the film growth acquires the exponential character. The multilayer films were subsequently used for culturing mesenchymal stem cells. It has been determined that stem cells effectively adhered to chitosan‐containing films and formed on them the monolayer culture of fibroblast‐like cells with high viability. Our results show that cell attachment is a complex process which is not only governed by the surface functionality because one of the key parameter effects on cell adhesion is the stiffness of polyelectrolyte multilayer films. We therefore propose our Layer‐by‐Layer films for applications in tissue engineering. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 2093‐2104, 2018.
Vacuumed collagen‐impregnated bioglass scaffolds: Characterization and influence on proliferation and differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells
Authors: Kido Hueliton Wilian , Gabbai‐Armelin Paulo Roberto , Avanzi Ingrid Regina , da Silva Antonio Carlos , Fernandes Kelly Rossetti , Fortulan Carlos Alberto , Rennó Ana Claudia Muniz 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThis study evaluated physical–chemical characteristics of a vacuumed collagen‐impregnated bioglass (BG) scaffolds and bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) behavior on those composites. scanning electron microscope and energy dispersive x‐ray spectroscope demonstrated collagen (Col) was successfully introduced into BG. Vacuum impregnation system has showed efficiency for Col impregnation in BG scaffolds (approximately 20 wt %). Furthermore, mass weight decreasing and more stabilized pH were observed over time for BG/Col upon incubation in phosphate buffered saline compared to plain BG under same conditions. Calcium evaluation (Ca assay) demonstrated higher calcium uptake for BG/Col samples compared to BG. In addition, BG samples presented hydroxyapatite crystals formation on its surface after 14 days in simulated body fluid solution, and signs of initial degradation were observed for BG and BG/Col after 21 days. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy spectra for both groups indicated peaks for hydroxyapatite formation. Finally, a significant increase of BMSCs viability for both composites was observed compared to control group, but no increase of osteogenic differentiation‐related gene expressions were found. In summary, BG/Col scaffolds have improved degradation, pH equilibrium and Ca mineralization over time, accompanied by hydroxyapatite formation. Moreover, both BG and BG/Col scaffolds were biocompatible and noncytotoxic, promoting a higher cell viability compared to control. Future investigations should focus on additional molecular and in vivo studies in order to evaluate biomaterial performance for bone tissue engineering applications. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 107B: 211–222, 2019.