bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A professional development program increased the intensity of practice undertaken in an inpatient, upper limb rehabilitation class: A pre‐post study
Authors: Schneider Emma J. , Lannin Natasha A. , Ada Louise 
Published: January 2019

Background/aimIncreasing the intensity of practice is associated with improved upper limb outcomes, yet observed intensity levels during rehabilitation are low. The purpose of this study was to investigate: whether a professional development program would increase the intensity of practice undertaken in an inpatient, upper limb rehabilitation class; and whether any increase would be maintained six months after the cessation of the program.MethodA pre‐post study was conducted within an existing inpatient, upper limb rehabilitation class in a metropolitan hospital. Staff received a professional development program which included: a two day theoretical, practical and clinical training workshop covering evidence‐based practice for upper limb rehabilitation after stroke; and three 1‐hour meetings to revise evidence‐based practice and discuss implementation of strategies. Intensity of practice, as measured by the proportion of practice time per class (%) and the number of repetitions per practice time (repetitions/min) observed during the 60‐minute classes during one week, was recorded at baseline, end of program (12 months) and six months later (18 months).ResultsTwenty‐two (100%) staff attended at least one professional development program session; outcomes were measured across n = 15 classes (n = 30 patients). Between baseline and 12 months, the mean proportion of practice time per class increased by 52% (95% confidence interval (CI) 33–70; P < 0.001) and the mean number of repetitions per practice time increased by 5.1 repetitions/min (95% CI 1.7–8.4; P < 0.01). Between baseline and 18 months, the mean proportion of practice time per class increased by 53% (95% CI 36–69; P < 0.001) and the mean number of repetitions per practice time increased by 3.9 repetitions/min (95% CI 1.9–5.9; P < 0.001).ConclusionProviding professional development was associated with increased intensity of practice in an inpatient, upper limb rehabilitation class. The increase was maintained six months later.
Accuracy of clinician gestalt in diagnosing appendicitis in children presenting to the emergency department
Authors: Lee Wei Hao , O'Brien Sharon , Skarin Dmitry , Cheek John A , Deitch Jessica , Nataraja Ramesh , Craig Simon , Borland Meredith L ,   on behalf of PREDICT
Published: January 2019

AbstractObjectiveAbdominal pain is a common paediatric presentation to the ED. Accurate diagnosis of acute appendicitis is challenging, with the best‐performing clinical scoring systems having sensitivities between 72% and 100%. The aim of this study is to assess the diagnostic accuracy of clinician gestalt according to seniority in diagnosing paediatric acute appendicitis in ED.MethodsThis is a prospective multi‐centre observational study of clinician's prediction of appendicitis in children under the age of 16 years presenting to four EDs with abdominal pain over a 1 month period at each site. Clinician‐estimated likelihood of acute appendicitis was compared with the final diagnosis determined by histopathology or operative findings and supplemented by telephone follow up for those without an operation. The primary outcome was diagnostic accuracy of clinician gestalt according to clinician seniority in diagnosing appendicitis.ResultsThere were 381 children enrolled with completed clinician questionnaires, and 224 children had complete follow up or underwent appendicectomy. The median age was 9 years (interquartile range 6–12) and the incidence of appendicitis was 31/224 (13.8%, 95% confidence interval 9.3–18.4). The area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of clinician gestalt were 0.84 (0.76–0.91), 81% (63–93%), 76% (69–82%), 35% (28–42%) and 96% (92–98%), respectively, giving an overall diagnostic accuracy of 76% (70–82%). AUC stratified by clinician seniority (junior, intermediate and senior) were 0.89 (0.80–0.98), 0.82 (0.69–0.95) and 0.76 (0.56–0.96), respectively.ConclusionsThe diagnostic accuracy of ED clinician gestalt in paediatric appendicitis is comparable to current clinical scoring systems irrespective of seniority.
Disease activity and functional status associated with health‐related quality of life and patient‐acceptable symptom state in patients with psoriatic arthritis in Thailand: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Chiowchanwisawakit Praveena , Srinonprasert Varalak , Thaweeratthakul Phakhamon , Katchamart Wanruchada 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAimTo identify factors associated with the EuroQol‐5 Dimensions‐5 levels (EQ‐5D‐5L) and patient acceptable symptom state (PASS) and to estimate health utility (HU) in Thai patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA).MethodsA cross‐sectional study of consecutive PsA patients visiting Siriraj Hospital was performed between 31 May, 2012 and 31 March, 2016. Data of patient demographics, HU outcomes (Thai EQ‐5D‐5L), disease activity (Disease Activity Index for Psoriatic Arthritis [DAPSA], the Clinical DAPSA [cDAPSA], the minimal disease activity [MDA]), and the Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) were collected. Regression analyses were used to explore factors associated with each EQ‐5D domain, HU, and PASS.ResultsOf 129 PsA patients, the mean age was 47.6 years; 53.5% were male. The mean HU was 0.76. Univariable analysis showed lower disease activity and less impaired function were significantly associated with higher HU and no to mild problem in each EQ‐5D domain. Multivariable analysis showed HAQ and disease activity indices (cDAPSA, DAPSA, MDA) adjusting for age, had good goodness‐of‐fit to HU (adjusted R2: 0.63‐0.65). Patients answering “yes” to PASS had significantly longer disease duration of PsA, higher HU, lower disease activity, less disability, and were more often married than those answering “no” to PASS. Pain problem was the most important association to PASS adjusting for other domains and age.ConclusionsDisease activity and functional status in PsA patients were significant factors related to HU and PASS. To improve quality of life, the goal of treatment should be achieving remission, improving function, and controlling pain.
Comparative study on serum‐induced arthritis in the temporomandibular and limb joint of mice
Authors: Safi Sema , Frommholz David , Reimann Susanne , Götz Werner , Bourauel Christoph , Neumann Anna‐Lena , Hoerauf Achim , Illges Harald , Safi Ali‐Farid , Jäger Andreas , Hübner Marc P. , Gölz Lina 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIntroductionThe subject of the present study was a systematic comparative analysis of the rheumatoid arthritis (RA)‐induced pathomechanisms in the temporomandibular joint with those of the limb joints using the serum‐induced arthritis K/BxN model.MethodsIn 18 BALB/c mice the induction of RA was performed according to the Kouskoff method. Another healthy cohort served as controls (n = 12). Joint swelling of the paws was measured using a micrometer. Functional data were obtained analyzing locomotion. Three‐dimensional examination of the temporomandibular joint was performed with micro‐computed tomography imaging, followed by histological evaluation of the extremity joints and the temporomandibular joint. Additionally, immunohistochemical investigations were carried out to evaluate inflammatory and immunological changes.ResultsMeasurement of joint swelling showed a significant increase in the diameter of the paws, as well as a decrease in locomotor activity compared to control animals and the time before arthritis induction. Histological and immunohistochemical investigations showed clear signs of inflammation in the extremity joints. In contrast, no histological or immunohistochemical indications of an inflammatory process were detectable in the temporomandibular joint. In addition, the three‐dimensional analysis by micro‐computed tomography of the temporomandibular joints did not show any obvious morphological changes.ConclusionFor the first time, using the K/BxN model we could demonstrate that, due to its anatomical and mechanical conditions, the temporomandibular joint seems to be less susceptible to the initiation of RA compared to limb joints. Therefore, additional investigations are needed on other arthritis models as well, in order to further improve our understanding of the pathogenesis and defense mechanisms of the disease.
The association between serum total testosterone and progression of hyperglycemia: a 15‐year prospective cohort study
Authors: Minooee S. , Ramezani Tehrani F. , Rahmati M. , Amanollahi Soudmand S. , Tohidi M. , Sabet Z. , Azizi F. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe association between low testosterone concentration and increased risk of hyperglycemia in men has been demonstrated in observational and interventional studies. However, considering a variety of confounding factors, limited population‐based studies have so far been conducted. Also, no information is available regarding the effect of testosterone on progressive development of dysglycemia.ObjectiveTo examine the effect of total testosterone on development of pre‐diabetes/diabetes in normoglycemic middle‐aged and older men.Materials and MethodsData were obtained from the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study, a community‐based prospective cohort of an Iranian population. Analyses were conducted on 903 normoglycemic eligible men aged 30–70 years. An illness‐death model was applied to estimate the probabilities of three transitional phases of normoglycemia→diabetes, normoglycemia→pre‐diabetes, and pre‐diabetes→diabetes.ResultsOver a median follow‐up of 12 years, 0.9% individuals developed diabetes. Per unit increase (ng/mL) in testosterone concentration, the transition rate from normoglycemia to pre‐diabetes decreased by 6% [hazard ratios (HRs): 0.94 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.90, 0.99)]. However, no effect for testosterone on the progression of diabetes from normoglycemia or pre‐diabetes was observed [HRs: 0.79 (95% CI: 0.44, 1.41) and 0.98 (95% CI: 0.84, 1.16), respectively]. High body mass index was a strong predictor of hyperglycemia within all transitions.DiscussionIndependent of major confounding factors, low testosterone was associated with normoglycemia progression to pre‐diabetes, but not with pre‐diabetes to diabetes, which might indirectly highlight the stronger impact of other risk factors after occurrence of pre‐diabetes.ConclusionLow testosterone concentrations in men are associated with progression from normoglycemia to pre‐diabetes, but not from pre‐diabetes to diabetes.
The silent success of customs unions
Authors: Gnutzmann Hinnerk , Gnutzmann‐Mkrtchyan Arevik 
Published: January 2019

AbstractGlobally, 81 countries are now part of a customs union (CU), following the rapid proliferation of this type of trade agreement in past decades. Much of this growth has been driven by countries “upgrading” their links from a free trade agreement (FTA) to CU. At the same time, the rapid formation of new FTAs among countries that had no prior agreement in place has largely overshadowed this growth, making CUs the silent success of regional integration. Using the canonical regionalism model, augmented to allow for political bias towards firm interests, we investigate the endogenous choice of trade agreement. We show it is generally politically viable to move from FTA to CU, because such a move is rent‐creating; but for countries without a trade agreement in place, it may be optimal to form an FTA as a stepping stone to reduce the risk of political derailment. Importantly, forming a CU is consistent with member social welfare maximization: as long as trade with the rest of the world does not cease entirely, a CU leads to higher social welfare than either FTA or no agreement. These gains come at the expense of third‐country welfare. If past trends continue, one can expect more FTAs to be upgraded to CU with associated adverse consequences for outsiders.
On the consequences of eliminating capital tax differentials
Authors: Slavík Ctirad , Yazici Hakki 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIn the United States, different types of capital are effectively taxed at different rates. In particular, effective tax rates on structures have been higher than those on equipments. Eliminating these differentials has been the subject of policy debates. This paper analyzes the consequences of eliminating capital tax differentials using an incomplete markets model with equipment–skill complementarity. The reform improves productive efficiency by eliminating distortions in capital accumulation. It also increases the degree of equality by reducing the skill premium. The reform increases average welfare by approximately 0.11%.
Deep phenotyping of 14 new patients with IQSEC2 variants, including monozygotic twins of discordant phenotype
Authors: Radley Jessica A. , O'Sullivan Rory B.G. , Turton Sarah E. , Cox Helen , Vogt Julie , Morton Jenny , Jones Elizabeth , Smithson Sarah , Lachlan Katherine , Rankin Julia , Clayton‐Smith Jill , Willoughby Josh , Elmslie Frances F. , Sansbury Francis H. , Cooper Nicola ,   Deciphering Developmental Disorders (DDD) Study, Balasubramanian Meena 
Published: January 2019

Whole‐exome sequencing has established IQSEC2 as a neurodevelopmental disability gene. The IQSEC2 variant phenotype includes developmental delay, intellectual disability, epilepsy, hypotonia, autism, developmental regression, microcephaly and stereotypies but is yet to be fully described. Presented here are 14 new patients with IQSEC2 variants. In addition to the established features, we observed: gait ataxia in 7 of 9 (77.8%), drooling in 9 of 14 (64.2%), early feeding difficulties in 7 of 14 (50%), structural brain abnormalities in 6 of 13 (46.2%), brachycephaly in 5 of 14 (35.7%), and scoliosis and paroxysms of laughter each in 4 of 14 (28.6%). We suggest that these are features of the IQSEC2‐related disorder. Gastrostomy requirement, plagiocephaly, strabismus and cortical blindness, each seen in 2 of 14 (14.3%), may also be associated. Shared facial features were noted in 8 of 14 patients, and shared hair patterning was identified in 5 of 14 patients.This study further delineates the IQSEC2 phenotypic spectrum and supports the notion of an emerging IQSEC2 syndrome. We draw parallels between the IQSEC2‐related disorder and the Angelman‐/Rett‐/Pitt‐Hopkins syndrome group of conditions and recommend the addition of IQSEC2 to epilepsy and developmental delay gene panels. We observed discordant phenotypes in monozygotic twins and apparent gonadal mosaicism, which has implications for recurrence risk counselling in the IQSEC2‐related disorder.
Nursing narratives and reflective practice: A theoretical review
Authors: Choperena Ana , Oroviogoicoechea Cristina , Zaragoza Salcedo Amparo , Olza Moreno Inés , Jones Dorothy 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAimTo explore the literature regarding how nursing narratives have been used to enhance reflective practice.DesignTheoretical review.Data sourcesA literature search from 1990 – 2017 was conducted in PubMed, CINHAL and PsycINFO databases.Review methodsAfter applying the selection criteria, 13 studies were identified. The quality of articles was evaluated.ResultsThree themes were identified as the main components of an ongoing narrative process based on looking back to past clinical experiences, creating spaces for dialogue and bringing the worlds of theory and practice closer together.ConclusionsThis review provides a forum for exploring the use of narratives to enhance reflective practice, which may lead to the acquisition of professional competences.
LncRNA TapSAKI promotes inflammation injury in HK-2 cells and urine derived sepsis-induced kidney injury
Authors: Shen Jun , Liu Li , Zhang Facai , Gu Jiang , Pan Guanghui 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Objective
To explore the possible mechanism of lncRNA TapSAKI in urine derived sepsis-induced kidney injury.

Materials and methods
In vivo urine-derived sepsis (US) rat model and in vitro LPS-induced HK-2 cells were established, and TapSAKI, miR-22, PTEN, TLR4 and p-p65 expressions were detected by qRT-PCR and western blot. RNA precipitation and RNA pull-down were performed to confirm the interaction between TapSAKI and miR-22.

Results
TapSAKI was up-regulated, miR-22 was down-regulated, PTEN, TLR4 and p-p65 expressions, and inflammatory factors TNF-α and IL-6 levels were up-regulated in kidney tissue of US rats and LPS-induced HK-2 cells. In addition, TapSAKI interacted with miR-22, and negatively modulate miR-22 expression. We also observed TapSAKI promoted PTEN expression, TLR4/NF-κB pathway related proteins TLR4 and p-p65, and apoptosis protein cleaved-caspase-3 through negatively regulating miR-22. Further experiments proved TapSAKI/miR-22/TLR4/NF-κB pathway could promote HK-2 cell apoptosis. Finally, in vivo experiments showed TapSAKI knockdown negatively regulated miR-22 and positively regulate PTEN, decreased renal function indicators blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine, and reduced TNF-α and IL-6.

Conclusion
TapSAKI was elevated in urine derived sepsis-induced kidney injury, and promoted HK-2 cell apoptosis and inflammatory response through miR-22/PTEN/TLR4/NF-κB pathway.
Associations of environment, health history, T‐zone lymphoma, and T‐zone‐like cells of undetermined significance: A case‐control study of aged Golden Retrievers
Authors: Labadie Julia D. , Magzamen Sheryl , Morley Paul S. , Anderson G. Brooke , Yoshimoto Janna , Avery Anne C. 
Published: January 2019

BackgroundT‐zone lymphoma (TZL), an indolent disease in older dogs, comprises approximately 12% of lymphomas in dogs. TZL cells exhibit an activated phenotype, indicating the disease may be antigen‐driven. Prior research found that asymptomatic aged Golden Retrievers (GLDRs) commonly have populations of T‐zone‐like cells (phenotypically identical to TZL) of undetermined significance (TZUS).ObjectiveTo evaluate associations of inflammatory conditions, TZL and TZUS, using a case‐control study of GLDRs.AnimalsTZL cases (n = 140), flow cytometrically diagnosed, were identified through Colorado State University's Clinical Immunology Laboratory. Non‐TZL dogs, recruited through either a database of owners interested in research participation or the submitting clinics of TZL cases, were subsequently flow cytometrically classified as TZUS (n = 221) or control (n = 147).MethodsHealth history, signalment, environmental, and lifestyle factors were obtained from owner‐completed questionnaires. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were estimated using multivariable logistic regression, obtaining separate estimates for TZL and TZUS (versus controls).ResultsHypothyroidism (OR, 0.3; 95% CI, 0.1‐0.7), omega‐3 supplementation (OR, 0.3; 95% CI, 0.1‐0.6), and mange (OR, 5.5; 95% CI, 1.4‐21.1) were significantly associated with TZL. Gastrointestinal disease (OR, 2.4; 95% CI, 0.98‐5.8) had nonsignificantly increased TZL odds. Two shared associations for TZL and TZUS were identified: bladder infection or calculi (TZL OR, 3.5; 95% CI, 0.96‐12.7; TZUS OR, 5.1; 95% CI, 1.9‐13.7) and eye disease (TZL OR, 2.3; 95% CI, 0.97‐5.2; TZUS OR, 1.9; 95% CI, 0.99‐3.8).Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceThese findings may elucidate pathways involved in TZUS risk and progression from TZUS to TZL. Further investigation into the protective association of omega‐3 supplements is warranted.
Effect of atorvastatin on oxidative stress and inflammation markers in myxomatous mitral valve disease in dogs: A comparison of subclinical and clinical stages
Authors: Thassakorn Patchaya , Patchanee Papras , Pongkan Wanpitak , Chattipakorn Nipon , Boonyapakorn Chavalit 
Published: January 2019

AbstractMyxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD) is the most common acquired cardiac disorder found in dogs. The disease process can lead to heart failure (HF) and has been found to be associated with oxidative stress and inflammation. Statins exert antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory effects in humanHFpatients. However, the beneficial effects of statins inMMVDdogs are still unclear. ThirtyMMVDdogs were enrolled in the study and were divided into two groups:MMVDwithoutHFdogs (n = 15) andMMVDwithHFdogs (n = 15). Atorvastatin (8 mg kg−1 day−1) was administered orally to all dogs for 4 weeks. All dogs underwent physical examination and cardiac examination at the beginning and end of the experiment, including baseline values for hematology, blood chemistry profile, lipid profile, N‐terminal pro B‐type natriuretic peptide, oxidative stress marker (8‐isoprostane), and inflammatory marker (tumor necrosis factor alpha). The results showed that atorvastatin reduced plasma cholesterol levels in both groups. In addition, plasma concentrations of 8‐isoprostane, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and N‐terminal pro B‐type natriuretic peptide were significantly lower after atorvastatin administration, but only inMMVDdogs in theHFgroup. Atorvastatin found to be associated with possible antioxidant and inflammatory effects in dogs withHFsecondary toMMVD. The potential benefits of statins in dogs withHFmerits further investigation in larger, placebo‐controlled studies.
Educator‐Reported Instructional Characteristics of Grade 1 Reading Interventions within a CBM Assessment System
Authors: Nese Joseph F. T. , Farley Dan , Anderson Daniel 
Published: January 2019

AbstractWe used data from the 2014–2015 easyCBM assessment system to explore the applied reading intervention characteristics in a sample of 3,074 Grade 1 students (and 5,145 interventions) in school districts applying a multitiered systems of support (MTSS) framework. We describe the number of interventions, number of assessments, the intervention start dates, curricula, instructional strategies, tier, group size, frequency, dosage, total time, and quantitative intensity. We found variance across all instructional variables, with 156 curricula and 59 instructional strategies applied. Based on our data, a “typical” intervention was a Tier 2 intervention that began before October, was delivered for 30 minutes/day for 5 days/week in a group with three to five students, was changed once if at all, and student progress was most likely monitored with word reading fluency measures.
‘Very Truly, I Tell You, Before Abraham was, I am’: A Theological Treatise on the Concept of Time in John’s Gospel
Authors: Garton Alexander D. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThis essay analyses temporal peculiarity in John’s Gospel, identified as eschatological and narratological in nature. Part one employs historical‐critical and literary‐critical exegesis to explain the interrelation and function of these peculiarities, while part two derives a temporal metaphysic from the exegesis to explain the concept of time in the Gospel. This exposition is used to make sense of the Gospel’s claim that the one who possesses eternal life will never die. The essay concludes that the Gospel’s future and realised eschatology act as reflections of one another, and argues that the future eschatological scheme functions as a distension of the realised scheme.