bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PO-154 Exercise induced redistribution of oxygen in internal organs
Authors: Cao Wei , Wu Die , Luo Beibei , Xiang Dao , Chen Peijie 
Published: October 2018

Objective Exercise induces tissue blood flow redistribution, which decreases splanchnic circulation and leads to physiologic hypoxia in the gastrointestinal (GI) system and liver. We hypothesized that the oxygen redistribution in the internal organs is affected by exercise.
Methods Twenty–four female 8-10wk ROSA26 ODD-Luc/+ mice (n= 6 per group) were used in this study. Three exercise models were conducted: (1) Moderate Exercise (ME): mice voluntarily swam for 30 min. (2) Heavy-intensity Exercise (HE): mice swam for 1.5 hours with 5% body weight loads attached to their tails. (3) Long-time Exercise (LE): mice voluntarily swam for 3 hours or till fatigue. Sedentary mice (SED) were used as controls. A hypoxic marker pimonidazole HCl was applied to detect tissue hypoxia. Pimonidazole HCl forms protein adducts when PO2 is under 10 mmHg. An hour after intraperitoneal injection of pimonidazole HCl (60 mg/kg body weight), the mice were anesthetized with isoflurane then sacrificed. The small intestine, colon, skeletal muscle, heart, liver, spleen and kidney specimens were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde and stained with a specific monoclonal antibody against the pimonidazole HCl protein adducts to observe the hypoxic level of internal organs.
Results (1) The distributions of immunostaining intensity of pimonidazole HCl were different among the internal organs. In the kidney, the renal tubules demonstrated staining for hypoxia. In the liver, the positive staining was radiating outwards from central veins. In the small intestine and colon, there was the retention of pimonidazole HCl from the crypt to villus. (2) In the ME group, the extent of hypoxia in the kidney, liver and colon was increased compared with the SED. We found the small intestine is susceptible to exercise-induced tissue hypoxia distribution. Exercise resulted in a markedly increased staining in the crypts, whereas decreased staining in the villus. Intensified positive stains were observed in the nuclei of hypoxic cells, mostly in ME and HE groups. (3) The heart, skeletal muscle and spleen were not shown positive staining pre- and post-exercise.
Conclusions This study presented evidences that exercise induces the oxygen redistribution in the small intestine, colon, liver and kidney. The small intestine is susceptible to exercise induced physiological hypoxia.
PO-159 Swimming improves metabolic syndrome by regulation insulin sensitivity and monosaccharide transporter proteins activity via NF-κB signaling pathway
Authors: Li Sen , Huang Jianya 
Published: October 2018

Objective Diabetes is one kind of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia and metabolic syndrome due to insulin secretion defects or/and biological function damage. Evidences have suggested that sports plays essential role in the progression of diabetes and affects insulin resistance and monosaccharide transporter proteins activity. The purpose of this study was to investigate relationship between sports and diabetes by evaluation the insulin sensitivity and monosaccharide transporter proteins activity.
Methods A db/db mice model of type-ІІ diabetes mellitus was used to analyze the efficacy of swimming in the processes of glucose and insulin. Body weight, glucose metabolism and insulin serum levels were studied in experimental mice. Expression levels of inflammatory factors of IL-1, IL-17, TGF-β and VEGF in the serum was analyzed in the experimental mice. Expression levels of sirtuin-1 and NF-κB signaling pathway was investigate in the lives. Histological analysis was studied the therapeutic effects of swimming on mice with type-ІІ diabetes.
Results Our results indicated that swimming up-regulated metabolism of glucose and insulin. Sport of swimming enhanced the consumption of fat and fatty acid in the mice with diabetes. In addition, expression levels of inflammatory factors of IL-1, IL-17, TGF-β and VEGF in the serum were down-regulated by swimming in the mice with diabetes. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and sirtuin-1 expression levels were up-regulated in the liver in the experimental mice after receive swimming. Furthermore, we observed that swimming improved insulin sensitivity and monosaccharide transporter proteins (MTP) activity in liver in the experimental mice after receive swimming. Histological analysis showed that TTLR4 and sirtuin-1 accumulation were significantly decreased in the live in mice treated by swimming. NF-κB activity and expression levels of p65,IKK-β and IκBα were up-regulated in the mice receiving swimming.
Conclusions In conclusion, these results indicate that swimming is beneficial for glucose and insulin metabolism for type-ІІ diabetes mice, which further improves metabolic syndrome by regulation insulin sensitivity and monosaccharide transporter proteins activity via NF-κB signaling pathway.
PO-160 Effect of exercise intervention on the synaptic transmission efficiency of cortical-striatum in PD mice
Authors: Zhao Gang , Zhang Danyu , Qiao Decai , Liu Xiaoli 
Published: October 2018

Objective Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease caused by degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta and decreased levels of striatal dopamine. Previous studies have confirmed that striatum dysfunction is an important cause of behavioral dysfunction in PD mice, and changes in cortical-striatum synaptic transmission may play an important role in PD pathology. This experiment will use the patch clamp to explore the effect of exercise intervention on the synaptic transmission efficiency of cortical-striatum in PD mice.
Methods The experimental animals (C57 mice male, 4 weeks) were randomly divided into normal group(N), PD group(PD)and PD exercise group(PD+EX）.PD mice models were established by injection of 6-OHDA in the striatum (4μg/position, AP + 0.5mm ML - 1.8mm DV - 3.0mm and- 2.0mm). Apomorphine(APO) rotation experiments were performed one week later to identify the model. The formal exercise intervention program was 16m/min, 40min/d, 5d/week,4 weeks（after the adaptive training, total of five weeks of treadmill exercise）. At the end of the intervention, brain slices (350μm) were prepared from each group of mice. The maximum striatum fEPSP (field excitatory postsynaptic potential, fEPSP) and striatum fEPSP under increasing stimulation intensity were recorded.
Results 1.The results of APO rotation experiment: PD mice modeled 16/21(205.25±36.46 r higher than the standard). 2.N mice the maximum fEPSP amplitude is 1.9199±0.213mv(n=8)；PD: 1.0129±0.140 mv(n=8); PD+EX: 1.3221±.0865mv(n=8).There are significant differences between groups(P＜0.05). 3. There is a significant decrease in the slope of I-O curve in the PD mice compared with the N mice. And compared with the PD mice, the slope of I-O curve in PD+EX mice was increase(P＜0.05).
Conclusions 1. 6-OHDA induced PD model was successfully established. The striatum function was abnormal in the pathological state of PD, and the exercise intervention enhanced the activity of the striatum. 2. The cortical-striatum synaptic transmission efficiency is reduced in the PD state, and the exercise intervention improved the cortical-striatum synaptic transmission efficiency.
PO-161 Effect of different type of exercise on mitochondrial homeostasis in rats with myocardial infarction
Authors: Bo Hai , Zhang Yong 
Published: October 2018

Objective To investigate the different effect of moderate-intensity continuous training (MCT) and high-intensity interval exercise training (HIT) on ventricular remodeling and mitochondrial homeostasis after acute myocardial infarction (AMI).
Methods The AMI rat model was achieved by ligating coronary artery. The AMI and sham operation rats were randomly divided into four groups: sham operation group (Sham), AMI control group (AMI), AMI MCT group (AMI+M), and AMI HIT group (AMI+H). Animals in the AMI+M and AMI+H groups underwent 4 weeks MCT and HIT respectively. Five weeks after AMI, hemodynamic changes, mitochondrial bioenergetics, and PINK1, Beclin1, Mfn2, Drp1, Tfam, COXⅣ, PGC-1α were detected.
Results Comparing with AMI group, in AMI+M and AMI+H groups, Beclin1 (146.33±18.47, 143.28±16.96.vs. 123.27±13.27, P<0.05), PINK1 (150.33±20.54, 152.28±18.34.vs. 125.27±17.67, P<0.05), Mfn2 (122.28±18.81, 117.19±17.04.vs. 46.27±6.72, P<0.01), and PGC-1α (82.15±16.58, 102.25±13.27.vs. 60.27±9.36, P<0.05~0.01) expression elevated significantly, whereas ROS generation (122.28±18.81, 117.19±17.04.vs. 46.27±6.72, P<0.01) and Drp1 expression (9.58±1.40, 10.18±1.37.vs. 15.85±1.61, P<0.05) showed dramatic decrease. In addition, in AMI+H group, +dp/dt max (6326±325.vs. 5368±271, P<0.05), -dp/dt max (-5312±246.vs. -4457±250, P<0.05), mitochondrial membrane potential (85.24±11.94.vs. 71.28±8.34, P<0.05), ATP synthesis activity (38.77±5.16.vs. 32.33±4.14, P<0.05), Tfam (95.25±12.05.vs. 78.27±12.22, P<0.05) and COXⅣ (89.25±14.06.vs. 67.27±13.71, P<0.05) expression improved significantly. Comparing with AMI+M group, in AMI+H group, +dp/dt max (6326±325.vs. 5775±310, P<0.05), -dp/dt max (-5312±246.vs. -4778±305, P<0.05), PGC-1α (102.25±13.27.vs. 82.15±16.58 1, P<0.05), Tfam (95.25±12.05.vs. 80.15±11.99, P<0.05) and COXⅣ(89.25±14.06.vs. 72.15±10.89, P<0.05) expression improved significantly.
Conclusions High-intensity interval exercise training is superior to moderate-intensity continuous training for ameliorating ventricular remodeling and mitochondrial homeostasis after acute myocardial infarction.
PO-162 ELABELA Facilitates Exercise-Induced Cardioprotection in Post-Infarction Cardiac Remodeling
Authors: Xi Yue , Li Yongxia , Hao Meili , Shi Lin , Gong Dawei , Tian Zhenjun 
Published: October 2018

Objective Exercise has been reported to have positive function after myocardial infarction (MI), but the mechanisms of exercise-induced cardioprotection are poorly understood. ELABELA (ELA) is a hormone and plays a vital role in cardiovascular system. The aim of this research is to investigate the effect and the mechanisms of exercise and exogenous ELA administration on cardioprotection in MI rat.
Methods MI was established by left coronary artery ligation. MI rats underwent 4 weeks of sustainedaerobic exercise and Fc-ELA-21 or Fc-ELA-32 injection. H9C2 cells were treated by ELA-14 peptide. Akt signal was inhibited by LY294002. Heart function was evaluated by hemodynamics; Myocardium fibrosis, cell proliferation, angiogenesis and apoptosis were visualized by Masson’s staining, immunohistochemistry and TUNEL, respectively; Protein expression was quantified by Western blotting.
Results Exercise induced angiogenesis and cardiomyocyte proliferation, reduced fibrosis and improved the function of MI heart. Fc-ELA-21 injection further facilitated the exercise-induced cardioprotection effects. APJ expression was up-regulated and Akt-mTOR-P70S6K signal was activated by both exercise and Fc-ELA-21. In H9C2 cells, ELA-14 activated Akt signal by dose dependent manner. Akt signal inhibitioninvalidated ELA-14 function. Fc-ELA-32 directly improved structural and functional recovery of post-MI hearts.
Conclusions ELA is a heart protector and facilitates exercise-induced cardioprotectionthrough Akt-mTOR-P70S6K signal inpost-infarction cardiac remodeling.
PO-165 Effects of Living-High Training-Low on HIF-1α Transcriptional Regulatory Factors MAPKs mRNA in Gastrocnemius of Rats
Authors: Huang Sen , Liu Jianhon , Zhou Zhihong , Lin Wentao , Weng Xiquan 
Published: October 2018

Objective To evaluate the effects of Living-High Training-Low on HIF-1α transcriptional regulatory factors MAPKs mRNA in gastrocnemius of Rats.
Methods After adaptive training, 40 8-weeks-old male SD rats were divided into living-low quiet control group (LC), living-low training-low group (LoLo), living-high quiet control group (HC), living-high training-low group (HiLo). All living-high groups stayed in the environment with 13.6% oxygen concentration, about altitude of 3500 m, for 12h/day. All training groups underwent treadmill training with 35m/min for 1hour/day, 5days/week. 4 weeks later, the gastrocnemius was sampled 24 hours after the last training. The ERK, p38MAPK, JNK and HIF-1α mRNA genes expressions in gastrocnemius were measured by real-time quantitative PCR.
Results The gastrocnemius ERK mRNA of HiLo group was significantly higher than LC (P<0.01), LoLo and HC groups (P<0.05). The p38MAPK mRNA of HiLo group was significantly higher than LC and LoLo groups (P<0.01 and P<0.05), and there was no significant difference between HiLo and HC group (P>0.05). The JNK and HIF-1α mRNA of HiLo group were significantly higher than other groups (P<0.01).
Conclusions Living-High Training-Low significantly raise ERK、p38MAPK、JNK and HIF-1α gene expression in gastrocnemius of Rats. ERK, p38MAPK and JNK may be one of the transcription factors regulating HIF-1α mRNA expression in Living-High Training-Low in gastrocnemius of Rats.
PO-172 The effect of exercise on teenagers' attention
Authors: Ma Yedan , Xu Liang 
Published: October 2018

Objective At present, domestic researches on attention mainly focus on the fields of special education, neuropsychiatry and mental health, and the subjects are mostly children with ADHD and elderly people with cognitive dysfunction. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out researches on normal students and find training methods suitable for improving their attention quality.
Methods In this study, literature review and logical analysis were used to sort out, analyze and reason the literature about the influence of physical exercise on teenagers' attention in the past five years at home and abroad.
Results (1)in the comparative study of ordinary students and students in sports schools who participated in regular training, it was found that those with training had better attention level than ordinary students in quiet state.The attention span of trampoline athletes was better than that of students.(2) different projects have different effects on students' attention characteristics: compared with football training, table tennis has a significant impact on students' attention persistence and concentration.Compared with table tennis, football has a significant effect on the attention span of students.Compared with athletics, basketball has a significant impact on students' attention distribution ability, attention transfer ability and attention span.(3) exercise of different intensity has different effects on the intentional attention of primary and middle school students.Moderate intensity exercise works best for your body.Intense exercise initially increased attention, but after 45 minutes the brain's ability to work and focus decreased significantly.
Conclusions Primary and middle school students of a certain intensity, regular physical exercise on attention the quality, especially to pay attention to the note has a positive role in the development of essential quality, but also should strengthen the exercise can bring attention to improving the sustainability of research, and different intensity exercise on youth blood oxygen content in concrete quality research and attention.
PO-173 The Effects of Interval Exercise on oxidative stress and Smyd1-related myocardial hypertrophy in Rats with Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Liang Qiaoqin , Cai Mengxin , Zhang Jiaqi , Tian Zhenjun 
Published: October 2018

Objective This study was carried out to investigate interval exercise on Smyd1 expression and F-actin sarcomere assembly in non-infarcted myocardium of normal and myocardial infarction(MI) rats and its possible mechanism.
Methods Male SD rats were randomly divided into normal control group (C), normal interval exercise group (CE), sham-operated group (S), MI group (MI), MI with interval exercise group (ME) and MI with ROS Tempol group (MT), n=10. MI model was established by left anterior descending coronary artery ligation. Interval exercise was carried out on a small animal treadmill. MT group was given an oral solution of Tempol (2mmol/L). Hemodynamics was performed to evaluate cardiac function. HE and Masson staining were used to analyze the cross-sectional area (CSA) of cardiomyocytes and collagen volume fraction, respectively. T-SOD and MDA kits were used to detect oxidative stress. H9C2 cells were treated with H2O2. Immunofluorescence staining was used to determine Smyd1 expression and F-actin sarcomere assembly. RT-qPCR and Western blotting were used to detect the gene or protein expression of Smyd1, Trx1, Hsp90, MuRF1, cTnI, α-actinin and BNP.
Results Smyd1, Trx1, Hsp90, MuRF1 and BNP expression in the peri-infarcted area were up-regulated, but cTnI and α-actinin expression and F-actin assembly were decreased. The cardiac function was reduced. Both interval exercise and Tempol intervention significantly increase the CSA and expression of Smyd1, Trx1, cTnI and α-actinin, improve the antioxidation capacity and F-actin sarcomere assembly and cardiac function, reduce the expression of Hsp90, MuRF1, BNP and ROS level, and inhibit the fibrosis of myocardium. The oxidative stress level was closely related to the Smyd1 expression. Improvement of cardiac function were correlated with Smyd1 expression. H2O2 can induce oxidative stress injuries of H9C2, and its closely related to cardiomyocytes oxidative stress level and Smyd1 expression.
Conclusions Interval exercise could promote antioxidant capability and physiological cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, regulate the expression of Smyd1, Hsp90 and MuRF1 in infarcted heart; so as to improve the cardiac function. Smyd1 may participate in pathologic hypertrophy of cardiomyocytes caused by oxidative stress.
PO-176 The Effects of Different Intensity Treadmill Exercise to Kidney Functions
Authors: Yang Ling , Lin Wen Tao , Weng Xi Quan 
Published: October 2018

Objective To provide more scientific and authoritative theoretical basis for body-building exercises after analyzing the changes of exercises of different intensities for the kidney functions.
Methods The objects of the research are eight male students from Guangzhou Sport College, being exerted the treadmill exercises according to their own maximum oxygen intake. The intensities of exercises are respectively 55%VO2max, 75%VO2max, 85%VO2max, 95%VO2max. The urine 40ml and venous blood 3ml will be collected and tested before sport and 15minutes after the exercises.
Results After four different intensities of exercise, the renin of each exercise group increased compared with the quiet value, and the greater the intensity, the more obvious the trend of change. Compared with the quiet value, the expression of angiotensin II increased in all groups after exercise, but there was no significant difference between the 55%VO2max intensity group and the 75%VO2max intensity group (P > 0.05), and there was significant difference between the 85%VO2max intensity group and the 95%VO2max intensity group (P < 0.05). Compared with the quiet value, the expression of aldosterone increased after each exercise. The mean value of 55%VO2max intensity group, 75%VO2max intensity group and 85%VO2max intensity group increased, but the difference was not significant (P > 0.05), and the 95%VO2max intensity group had a very significant difference (P < 0.01). The expression of urine beta 2 microglobulin was compared with the quiet value. There was significant difference in 85%VO2max intensity group and 95%VO2max intensity group (P<0.05).
Conclusions High-intensity exercise causes renal function and body function decline. It is more appropriate to select 75% intensity exercise for body-building.
PO-178 Heat Treatment and Exercise Prevents Skeletal Muscle Insulin Resistance in Wistar Rats Fed High-Fat Diet
Authors: Zhao Jiexiu , Qin Fei , Xu Minxiao , Dong Yanan , Wang Zhongwei , Han Zhining 
Published: October 2018

Objective Insulin resistance (IR) is associated with many related health complications. Previous studies demonstrate that heat and exercise independently reduce IR. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that combined exercise and heating is even more favorable in reducing IR.
Methods Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups: exercise (NE; n=10), heated (HC; n=10), exercise and heated (HE; n=10), sedentary (NC; n=10), and normal diet plus sedentary (CC; n=10). All but the latter group was fed a high-fat diet (60% calories from fat) for 10 weeks while receiving heat and/or exercise exposure for latter 8 weeks. Following this regimen, protein expression from the soleus and extensor digitorum longus muscles, serum, and brown fat were analyzed using Western blotting.
Results Exercise combined with heating shifted the metabolic characteristics of rats on a high-fat diet toward that observed in the rats on a standard diet. Specifically, eight weeks of combined heat and endurance exercise increased PGC-1α, CnA, CaMKIV and p38 MAPK protein expression in the soleus (P < 0.05), insulin protein expression in the serum (P < 0.05), and UCP1 protein expression in the brown fat (P < 0.05), when compared to the high fat fed sedentary group. There were some significant differences in responses (i.e., body weight and Leptin & Adiponectin concentrations) between the combined exercise and heat group relative to the exercise alone group.
Conclusions Exercise combined with heat exposure mitigates the development of IR, presumably from the Irisin pathway. The study provides potential non-pharmaceutical methods for therapeutic treatment of IR.
PO-183 Effect of Treadmill Running on Brown Adipose Tissue of Heart Failure Rats Induced by Abdominal Aortic Constriction
Authors: Chen Xuefei , Li Lingjie , Zhang Jing 
Published: October 2018

Objective To observe the effect of treadmill exercise on brown adipose tissue of heart failure rats induced by abdominal aortic constriction(AAC).
Methods 210g healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into control group and AAC group，after 4 weeks abdominal aortic constriction rats were selected and randomly divided into AAC group and treadmill running group. The exercise rats underwent treadmill running at 12m/s (40 min each, for 4 weeks). Real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the mRNA content and protein expression of cardiac ANP, BNP, and pgc1-a, ucp-1, leptin and adiponectin of the brown adipose tissue respectively.
Results The rats with abdominal aortic constriction developed significant heart failure with preserved LV ejection fraction, increased LVAW d and LVID s. Compared with the control group, the myocardium levels of ANP and BNP in AAC group were significantly up-regulated. In the operation group, the function of brown adipose was enhanced. The volume of brown adipose cells decreased, the number of lipid droplet increased. The mRNA levels of UPC-1 and PGC1-a were significantly up-regulated, and the mRNA levels of leptin and adiponectin were down-regulated. In the exercise group, the browning of brown adipose was reduced, and the mRNA levels of UPC-1 and PGC1-a were decreased.
Conclusions Exercise can affect the function of brown adipose tissue in heart failure rats induced by abdominal aortic constriction.