bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Present and future Köppen-Geiger climate classification maps at 1-km resolution
Authors: Beck Hylke E. , Zimmermann Niklaus E. , McVicar Tim R. , Vergopolan Noemi , Berg Alexis , Wood Eric F. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractWe present new global maps of the Köppen-Geiger climate classification at an unprecedented 1-km resolution for the present-day (1980–2016) and for projected future conditions (2071–2100) under climate change. The present-day map is derived from an ensemble of four high-resolution, topographically-corrected climatic maps. The future map is derived from an ensemble of 32 climate model projections (scenario RCP8.5), by superimposing the projected climate change anomaly on the baseline high-resolution climatic maps. For both time periods we calculate confidence levels from the ensemble spread, providing valuable indications of the reliability of the classifications. The new maps exhibit a higher classification accuracy and substantially more detail than previous maps, particularly in regions with sharp spatial or elevation gradients. We anticipate the new maps will be useful for numerous applications, including species and vegetation distribution modeling. The new maps including the associated confidence maps are freely available via www.gloh2o.org/koppen.
The temporal network of mobile phone users in Changchun Municipality, Northeast China
Authors: Du Zhanwei , Yang Yongjian , Gao Chao , Huang Liping , Huang Qiuyang , Bai Yuan 
Published: October 2018

AbstractMobile data are a feasible way for us to understand and reveal the feature of human mobility. However, it is extremely hard to have a fine-grained picture of large-scale mobility data, in particular at an urban scale. Here, we present a large-scale dataset of 2-million mobile phone users with time-varying locations, denoted as the temporal network of individuals, conducted by an open-data program in Changchun Municipality. To reveal human mobility across locations, we further construct the aggregated mobility network for each day by taking cellular base stations as nodes coupled by edges weighted by the total number of users’ movements between pairs of nodes. The resulting temporal network of mobile phone users and the dynamic, weighted and directed mobility network are released in simple formats for easy access to motivating research using this new and extensive data of human mobility.
A 3D geological model of a structurally complex Alpine region as a basis for interdisciplinary research
Authors: Thornton James M. , Mariethoz Gregoire , Brunner Philip 
Published: October 2018

AbstractCertain applications, such as understanding the influence of bedrock geology on hydrology in complex mountainous settings, demand 3D geological models that are detailed, high-resolution, accurate, and spatially-extensive. However, developing models with these characteristics remains challenging. Here, we present a dataset corresponding to a renowned tectonic entity in the Swiss Alps - the Nappe de Morcles - that does achieve these criteria. Locations of lithological interfaces and formation orientations were first extracted from existing sources. Then, using state-of-the-art algorithms, the interfaces were interpolated. Finally, an iterative process of evaluation and re-interpolation was undertaken. The geology was satisfactorily reproduced; modelled interfaces correspond well with the input data, and the estimated volumes seem plausible. Overall, 18 formations, including their associated secondary folds and selected faults, are represented at 10 m resolution. Numerous environmental investigations in the study area could benefit from the dataset; indeed, it is already informing integrated hydrological (snow/surface-water/groundwater) simulations. Our work demonstrates the potential that now exists to develop complex, high-quality geological models in support of contemporary Alpine research, augmenting traditional geological information in the process.
Antimykotika – Posaconazol-Tabletten als kosteneffektive Prophylaxe invasiver Pilzerkrankungen
Authors: Fietz Cornelia 
Published: October 2018

Grau S et al. Cost-effectiveness of posaconazole tablets versus fluconazole as prophylaxis for invasive fungal diseases in patients with graft-versus-host
disease after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Eur J Health Econ 2018; 19: 627–636
Azol-Antimykotika gelten als Standardtherapie zur Prophylaxe invasiver Pilzerkrankungen bei immunsupprimierten Patienten. Posaconazol Saft erwies sich in
einer randomisierten Phase 3 Studie bei Patienten mit Graft-versus-Host-Reaktion nach allogener hämatopoetischer Stammzelltransplantation als effektiver im
Vergleich zu Fluconazol Kapseln. Zudem konnte die Kosteneffektivität nachgewiesen werden. Die Autoren untersuchen, ob dies auch auf die
Posaconazol-Tablettenformulierung zutrifft.
Comparative Study of the Use of HPA Lanolin and Breast Milk for Treating Pain Associated with Nipple Trauma
Authors: Mariani Neto Corintio , de Albuquerque Rosemeire Sartori , de Souza Sonia Cristina , Giesta Renata Oliveira , Fernandes Andrea Penha Spinola , Mondin Bárbara 
Published: October 2018

Objective To compare two different treatments—the use of highly purified anhydrous (HPA) lanolin and expressed breast milk—for women with pain and nipple trauma during the breastfeeding process.
Method A total of 180 puerperal women were randomly assigned to 2 groups: one was treated with HPA lanolin and the other with their own expressed breast milk. All of the participants received the same breastfeeding technique instructions and therapeutic care standard. Three assessments were performed: at the time of inclusion in the study (after randomization); after 48 hours; and after 7 days. At each interval, data was collected in relation to pain and trauma. A numerical/verbal category scale was used for the pain variable, and the nipple trauma score for the trauma variable. The results were subjected to statistical analysis using the chi-squared test, the Fisher exact test, the student t-test, and the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Generalized estimating equations were calculated using the STATA 12 statistical software package (StataCorp LLC, College Station, TX, USA) and IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 20.0 (IBM Corp, Armonk, NY, USA).
Results There was pain improvement from the second to the third assessment in the group that used HPA lanolin, while the pain remained unchanged between these two periods (p < 0.001) in the breast milk group. In terms of trauma, improvement was identified in its extension and depth from the first to the third assessment, and it was higher in the HPA lanolin group than in the breast milk group (p = 0.025).
Conclusion The treatment of pain and nipple trauma with HPA lanolin achieved better results than the one with breast milk, based on a 7-day treatment period.
Fetal MRI in the Identification of a Fetal Ventral Wall Defect Spectrum
Authors: Coleman Peter , Marine Megan , Weida Jennifer , Gray Brian , Billmire Deborah , Brown Brandon 
Published: October 2018

Objective To ascertain if useful criteria for prenatal diagnosis of fetal ventral body wall defects (VBWDs) exists by reviewing published literature on diagnosis of VBWD as compared with our own diagnostic experience.
Study Design A comprehensive literature review of diagnostic criteria of fetal VBWD including pentalogy of Cantrell (POC), omphalocele, exstrophy, imperforate anus, spina bifida (OEIS), cloacal exstrophy, limb–body wall complex (LBWC), and body stalk anomaly was performed followed by a retrospective review of all fetal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations from our medical center over a 2-year period.
Results Classically, OEIS is omphalocele, bladder exstrophy, imperforate anus, and spina bifida. POC is defects of the supraumbilical abdomen, sternum, diaphragm, pericardium, and heart. LBWC is two of the following: exencephaly or enencephaly with facial clefts, thoracoschisis or abdominoschisis, and limb defects. Twenty-four cases of VBWD on MRI over a 24-month period were identified with seven cases involving defects of additional organ systems. Six of these seven cases demonstrated findings from two or more of the traditional diagnoses POC, OEIS, and LBWC making diagnosis and counseling difficult.
Conclusion There is a lack of consensus on useful diagnostic criteria within the published literature which is reflected in our own diagnostic experience and poses a challenge for accurate prenatal counseling.
Predicting Thromboembolic and Bleeding Event Risk in Patients with Non-Valvular Atrial Fibrillation: A Systematic Review
Authors: Borre Ethan , Goode Adam , Raitz Giselle , Shah Bimal , Lowenstern Angela , Chatterjee Ranee , Sharan Lauren , Allen LaPointe Nancy , Yapa Roshini , Davis J. , Lallinger Kathryn , Schmidt Robyn , Kosinski Andrzej , Al-Khatib Sana , Sanders Gillian 
Published: October 2018

Background Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common cardiac arrhythmia that increases the risk of stroke. Medical therapy for decreasing stroke risk involves anticoagulation, which may increase bleeding risk for certain patients. In determining the optimal therapy for stroke prevention for patients with AF, clinicians use tools with various clinical, imaging and patient characteristics to weigh stroke risk against therapy-associated bleeding risk.
Aim This article reviews published literature and summarizes available risk stratification tools for stroke and bleeding prediction in patients with AF.
Methods We searched for English-language studies in PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews published between 1 January 2000 and 14 February 2018. Two reviewers screened citations for studies that examined tools for predicting thromboembolic and bleeding risks in patients with AF. Data regarding study design, patient characteristics, interventions, outcomes, quality, and applicability were extracted.
Results Sixty-one studies were relevant to predicting thromboembolic risk and 38 to predicting bleeding risk. Data suggest that CHADS2, CHA2DS2-VASc and the age, biomarkers, and clinical history (ABC) risk scores have the best evidence for predicting thromboembolic risk (moderate strength of evidence for limited prediction ability of each score) and that HAS-BLED has the best evidence for predicting bleeding risk (moderate strength of evidence).
Limitations Studies were heterogeneous in methodology and populations of interest, setting, interventions and outcomes analysed.
Conclusion CHADS2, CHA2DS2-VASc and ABC scores have the best prediction for stroke events, and HAS-BLED provides the best prediction for bleeding risk. Future studies should define the role of imaging tools and biomarkers in enhancing the accuracy of risk prediction tools.
Primary Funding Source Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PROSPERO #CRD42017069999)
Antisense-Oligonukleotide I
Authors: Wurster C. D. , Ludolph A. C. , Lehmann D. , Graf H. 
Published: October 2018

ZusammenfassungMolekulargenetische Untersuchungen konnten die Pathomechanismen vieler neurodegenerativer Erkrankungen aufklären, jedoch standen lange Zeit keine krankheitsmodifizierenden Therapieoptionen zur Verfügung. Dies änderte sich seit der Einführung von sogenannten Antisense-Oligonukleotiden in die klinische Praxis. Im Jahr 2016 wurden erstmals Antisense-Oligonukleotide zur Behandlung der spinalen Muskelatrophie und der Muskeldystrophie Duchenne zugelassen. In der Entwicklung von Antisense-Oligonukleotiden waren Hürden zu überwinden und chemische Modifikationen notwendig, die deren Einsatz erst möglich machten. In diesem Artikel stellen wir Prinzipien dieser chemischen Modifikationen und Wirkmechanismen von Antisense-Oligonkuleotiden vor. Darüber hinaus geben wir einen Überblick über den aktuellen Stand der Wissenschaft zu verschiedenen Antisense-Oligonukleotiden und fokussieren dabei auf neuromuskuläre und neurodegenerative Erkrankungen wie die spinale Muskelatrophie, die Muskeldystrophie Duchenne, die myotone Dystrophie, Chorea Huntington und die Amyotrophe Lateralsklerose.
Vertane Chance zur Aufklärung eines dramatischen Kapitels der Psychiatriegeschichte
Authors: Pross C. 
Published: October 2018

ZusammenfassungDer Dokumentarfilm “SPK-Komplex” zeigt interessante historische Filmaufnahmen, dekliniert aber die komplexe und vielschichtige Geschichte des Sozialistischen Patientenkollektivs Heidelberg (SPK) (1970–1971) zu einer Schwarz-Weiß-Malerei herunter. Wesentliche Faktoren und Akteure werden ausgeblendet und der Arzt Dr. Wolfgang Huber, Leitfigur des SPK, wird einseitig zum Opfer einer angeblich reaktionären Klinikleitung stilisiert. Der Film unterschlägt, dass die Heidelberger Psychiatrische Universitätsklinik unter dem Chef von Dr. Huber, Prof. Walter von Baeyer, damals eine der fortschrittlichsten der Bundesrepublik und eine Werkstatt der Psychiatriereform gewesen ist. Nach gescheiterter akademischer Karriere zog Huber seine Patienten in einen Rachefeldzug gegen von Baeyer hinein und missbrauchte einen Teil von ihnen als Kampftruppe für seine absurden Vorstellungen von den psychisch Kranken als revolutionäres Subjekt.
Schultergelenkersatz beim juvenilen Rheumatiker
Authors: Arbogast M. 
Published: October 2018

ZusammenfassungDie Schultergelenksbeteiligung beim juvenilen Rheumatiker manifestiert sich klinisch wie auch radiologisch erst sehr spät. Deswegen ist eine frühzeitige Detektion über die Sonografie oder ein MRT wegweisend. Ein Gelenkerhalt ist unter einer suffizienten medikamentösen Therapie über die Synovialektomie dauerhaft möglich, in späteren Stadien kann nach Destruktion die Hemiprothese oder bei Rotatorenmanschettendefekt die inverse Schulterendoprothetik ein therapeutisches Instrument sein, Schmerz unter Funktionsgewinn zu reduzieren.
Individual and household in-work poverty in Europe: understanding the role of labor market characteristics
Authors: Filandri Marianna , Struffolino Emanuela 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT
The article presents an analysis of the association between labor market characteristics related to female employment and the prevalence of in-work poverty. We compare two relative measures of in-work poverty: The individual definition refers to workers whose salary is below 60% of the median, while the household-level definition refers to individuals whose household income is below 60% of the median. Microdata from the 2014 EU-SILC survey and macrodata on involuntary part-time employment and female labor market participation are used to perform a multilevel analysis on 31 European countries. The results show a positive relationship between involuntary part-time work and in-work poverty according to the household definition. Female labor market participation is positively associated with the individual definition and negatively with the household one. However, after controlling for the level of within-country income inequality, only the effect of the female employment rate remains positive and significant for the individual in-work. These results shed light on the multifaceted role of labor market characteristics related to female employment and their implications for policy. We argue that the promotion of female participation should be combined with explicit measures to reduce the disadvantageous position of women in the labor market.
The top six risky behaviors among Iranian university students: a national survey
Authors: Poorolajal Jalal , Mohammadi Younes , Soltanian Ali Reza , Ahmadpoor Jamal 
Published: October 2018

Abstract

Background
Multiple risk-taking behaviors are associated with increased risk of poor educational attainment, morbidity and premature mortality. This study involved a large representative sample of Iranian university students addressing multiple risk behaviors and associated factors.

Methods
This cross-sectional study included 4261 participants, involving 13 medical universities throughout the country in 2017. The following six risky behaviors were addressed: (a) smoking cigarettes during the past month, (b) using some kinds of illicit drugs during the past month, (c) drinking alcohol during the past month, (d) engaging unprotected sex during the past year, (e) having suicidal ideation during the past month or attempting suicide in the past year, (f) and Internet addiction. The 20-item internet addiction test and the 28-item general health questionnaire were used.

Results
Almost 37.3% of the participants engaged in at least one out of six risky behaviors. The prevalence of Internet addiction was 24.5%, cigarette smoking 13.5%, alcohol use 7.8%, illicit drug abuse 4.9%, unprotected sex 7.8%, suicidal ideation 7.4%, attempting suicide 1.7% and general health problems 38.9%.

Conclusion
A majority of the Iranian university students studied engaged in at least one risky behavior. Engaging in one risky behavior increases the risk of engaging in other risk-taking behaviors.
Household Sharing and Commitment: Evidence from Panel Data on Individual Expenditures and Time Use
Authors: Lise Jeremy , Yamada Ken 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
In this article, we analyse the dynamics of intra-household allocations using unique panel data on individual-specific consumption expenditures and time used for leisure, market production, and home production. Cross-sectional differences at the time of marriage in expected wage profiles between a husband and wife strongly affect the allocation of private consumption expenditures and time use by households in the cross section. There are substantial gender asymmetries in these allocations. Even for households where the husband and wife have identical wages, the private consumption expenditures for the wife are about half those for the husband. Within a given household over time, shocks to wages lead households to shift the relative weights in favour of the spouse receiving the favourable shock. Additionally, we find that households adjust the weights in response to large but not to small shocks; the adjustment to the weights is twice as large in the year leading up to a divorce; and adjustments are more frequent in dual- than in single-earner households. We interpret the data using a dynamic collective model of the household with potentially limited commitment.
Jewish Physicians in Late Medieval Ashkenaz
Authors: Visi Tamás 
Published: October 2018

Summary
Medical writings written by Jews in late medieval Western and Central Europe demonstrate that although Jews were excluded from universities, the medical world outside of the universities was open to them. Jewish medical writers relied on Latin and vernacular sources and often they wrote in German. Emphasising the importance of knowledge of authoritative books, they attempted to secure their social standing by demonstrating that they confirmed to the generally accepted social norm that required physicians and surgeons to rely on learned medicine. Nevertheless, only a few Jewish medical practitioners wrote books.
28-year-old Woman With Opioid Use Disorder Delivers Healthy Baby While in Custody: Addressing Forced Detox
Authors: Gray Jessica , Saia Kelley , Walley Alexander Y. 
Published: October 2018

Background:
Opioid agonist treatment (OAT) in pregnancy reduces overdose risk, drug use, increases prenatal care engagement, and improves birth outcomes. Yet many pregnant women lack access to adequate treatment. OAT, while incarcerated, reduces subsequent overdose risk, improves continuation to treatment on release, and reduces recidivism. Yet most correction facilities do not follow evidence-based guidelines for treatment, resulting in destabilization and overdose. This case is unique in illustrating 1 example of a patient who is justice-involved during pregnancy and the postpartum period, and highlighting an area of advocacy that is under-reported in the medical literature.

Case Presentation:
A 28-year-old G2P0010 woman with a history of severe opioid use disorder (OUD) learned she was 13 weeks pregnant after a polysubstance overdose while on methadone treatment. She did not engage in prenatal care, despite many encounters with the healthcare system. Her pregnancy course was marked by polysubstance use, hospitalizations, and incarcerations. While incarcerated, she delivered a healthy baby at 37 weeks, and her parental custody rights were suspended.
The obstetrics team successfully advocated with the jail for continuing methadone postpartum due to the increased risk of relapse and overdose on release. After release, she continued methadone treatment with no further illicit opioid use, began to engage in counseling, 12-step meetings, and worked towards custody of her son.

Conclusions:
The postpartum and postincarceration periods are 2 high-risk periods for women with OUD. OAT in and out of incarceration provided some stability and benefit, in the midst of a prenatal course that was fragmented by polysubstance use, hospitalization, and incarceration. Maintaining and prioritizing access to OAT for patients who are incarcerated is necessary, though not sufficient, to address the high risk of overdose. Empowering healthcare providers to advocate for incarcerated patients with OUD on an individual level is 1 key strategy to optimize addiction treatment for incarcerated people.
How Accurate is the Multiplier Method in Predicting the Timing of Angular Correction After Hemiepiphysiodesis?
Authors: Eltayeby Hady H. , Gwam Chukwuweike U. , Frederick Margaret M. , Herzenberg John E. 
Published: October 2018

Purpose:
The purpose of the study was to validate the accuracy of the Multiplier Method (MM) in predicting the timing of angular correction after hemiepiphysiodesis and to determine the role of using skeletal age when calculating those predictions.

Methods:
This retrospective study included 131 physes in 77 patients treated with hemiepiphysiodesis to gradually correct a coronal plane deformity before skeletal maturity. To compare the MM’s predictions to the actual treatment duration, the “desired angular correction” was considered the actual achieved angular correction determined from the “endpoint x-ray” (last x-ray before implant removal). We measured the bone length and width of the growth plate from the preoperative x-ray and calculated the MM’s prediction of the duration of treatment based on the MM formula. We compared the predicted duration to the observed duration of treatment for each case. The difference was calculated by subtracting the observed duration from the predicted duration. The result was the “absolute difference,” which is the number of months over or under predicted by the MM.

Results:
The mean absolute difference between the MM’s predicted duration and the observed duration was 2.31 months, which was highly significant (P≤0.001). The MM’s prediction agreed with the observed duration of treatment (ie, zero absolute difference) in 15% of the predictions, 69% were under predicted, and 16% were over predicted. Sixty-eight percent of the absolute differences were within 3 months regardless of the direction of error. The mean difference was relatively less in genu varum cases and was statistically significant (P=0.047). Comparing the mean difference using chronological age and skeletal age in the formula showed no statistically significant difference.

Conclusions:
The MM has a tendency to under predict. Therefore, doing a guided growth right before skeletal maturity should be started 2 to 4 months earlier than suggested by the MM. Moreover, our data did not show that the bone age gave more accurate predictions than chronological age.

Level of Evidence:
Level IV.