bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Randomized trial of medical compression stockings versus two-layer short-stretch bandaging in the management of venous leg ulcers
Authors: Franek A. , Brzezinska-Wcislo L. , Blaszczak E. , Polak A. , Taradaj J. 
Published: March 2018

SummaryA prospective randomized clinical trial was undertaken to compare a medical compression stockings with two-layer short-stretch bandaging in the management of venous leg ulcers. Study endpoints were number of completely healed wounds and the clinical parameters predicting the outcome. Patients, methods: Eighty patients with venous leg ulcers were included in this study, and ultimately allocated into two comparative groups. Group A consisted of 40 patients (25 women, 15 men). They were treated with the compression stockings (25–32 mmHg) and drug therapy. Group B consisted of 40 patients (22 women, 18 men). They were treated with the short-stretch bandages (30–40 mmHg) and drug therapy, administered identically as in group A. Results: Within two months the 15/40 (37.50%) patients in group A and 5/40 (12.50%) in group B were healed completely (p = 0.01). For patients with isolated superficial reflux, the healing rates at two months were 45.45% (10/22 healed) in group A and 18.18% (4/22 healed) in group B (p = 0.01). For patients with superficial plus deep reflux, the healing rates were 27.77% (5/18 healed) in group A and 5.55% (1/18 healed) in group B (p = 0.002). Comparison of relative change of the total surface area (61.55% in group A vs. 23.66% in group B), length (41.67% in group A vs. 27.99% in group B), width (46.16% in group A vs. 29.33% in group B), and volume (82.03% in group A vs. 40.01% in group B) demonstrated difference (p = 0.002 in all comparisons) in favour of group A. Conclusion: The medical compression stockings are extremely useful therapy in enhancement of venous leg ulcer healing (both for patients with superficial and for patients who had superficial plus deep reflux). Bandages are less effective (especially for patients with superficial plus deep reflux, where the efficiency compared to the stockings of applied compression appeared dramatically low). These findings require confirmation in other randomized clinical trials with long term results.
Bloodletting and the saphenous veins
Authors: Hach-Wunderle V. , Hach W. 
Published: March 2018

SummaryBloodletting is one of the oldest forms of treatment in our culture complex. It was already in use as a ritual in biblical-talmudic medicine. In Germany it is still in use today in complementary medicine as “Hildegard's bloodletting”. The theoretical principle is based on the four humour philosophy of antiquity which was introduced to medicine as humoral pathology by Galen (129–199 AD). The four humours are blood, phlegm, yellow and black bile. In healthy people these were in equilibrium with each other. Imbalance caused diseases.Bloodletting was performed prophylactically to keep people healthy and to treat almost all serious conditions and injuries. In the Middle Ages many conditions had to be satisfied during the performance. The positions of the stars and the zodiac were vital. A rising moon the in respective sign of the zodiac was considered dangerous. However, age, sex, climate, season of the year, wind direction and the stage of the disease all played a role. Each organ had its own special vein. Even the person performing the bleeding also had to satisfy certain conditions. Surgeons were expected to see well, not to have podgy hands or tremor, and not to be drunk. He had to have sharp instruments and be skilled in their use. Walther Ryff (1500–1562) was a strong advocate of the method at the beginning of modern times in Germany.Bloodletting also included inspection of the blood. To this end, blood was collected in bloodletting vessels, many of which were attractively ornamented. The surgeon also had to assess the taste of the blood. Bloodletting was associated with a wide range of complications before the advent of antiseptic techniques, deaths were not uncommon. It was not until modern times that warning voices started to advise against the procedure; the most vociferous being Christian Friedrich Samuel Hahnemann (1755–1843), the founder of homoeopathy.
Endovenous radiofrequency powered segmental thermal ablation (Closure FAST) of great saphenous veins
Authors: Proebstle T. M. ,   European Closure FAST clinical study group*
Published: March 2018

Summary
Background: Radiofrequency powered segmental thermal ablation Closure FAST has become a globally engaged technology for ablation of incompetent great saphenous veins (GSVs). Mid-term results of slowly resolving side effects are still not described. Methods: RSTA-treated GSVs (n = 295) were followed for 24 months in a prospective multicenter trial. Clinical control visits included flow and reflux analysis by duplex-ultrasound and assessment of treatment related side effects at all times. Results: 280 of 295 treated GSVs (94.9%) were available for 24 months follow-up. According to the method of Kaplan and Meier at 24 months after the intervention 98.6% of treated legs remained free of clinically relevant axial reflux. The average VCSS score improved from 3.9 ± 2.1 at screening to 0.7 ± 1.2 at 24 months follow-up (p < 0.0001). While only 41.1% of patients were free of pain before treatment, at 24 months 99.3% reported no pain and 96.4% did not experience pain during the 12 months before. At 24 months n=3 legs showed pigmentation along the inner thigh and one leg showed study-treatment related paresthesia. Conclusion: Radiofrequency powered segmental thermal ablation Closure FAST showed a very moderate side-effect profile in conjunction with a high and durable clinical success rate.
Langzeitergebnisse und Analysen von Zusammenhängen 5 Jahre nach Varizenstripping
Authors: Schäfer I. , Augustin M. , Bruning G. , Faubel R. 
Published: March 2018

Zusammenfassung
Ziel: Überprüfung der Rezidivquote und -einteilung sowie Analyse weiterer Zusammenhänge.
Patienten, Methode: 5 Jahre postoperativ wurden bei 93 Patienten 131 operierte Krossen (inguinal: 117, popliteal: 14) klinisch sowie doppler- und duplexsonographisch nachuntersucht (Quote: 48 %). Die Befunde wurden in 4 Gruppen eingeteilt: 1) Krossenrezidive mit Indikation zur Rekrossektomie, 2) operationsbedürftige Befunde ohne Indikation zur Rekrossektomie, 3) Rezidivvarikosis ohne klinische Relevanz und 4) keine Rezidivvarikosis. Aktuelle Beschwerden, Nebendiagnosen und klinische Einteilungen wurden dokumentiert.
Ergebnisse: 8.5 % der Patienten wiesen inguinale, 28,6 % popliteale Rezidive auf (in Bezug auf die jeweils operierten Krossen. Gesamt: 10,7 %). 11,5 % der Patienten wurden Gruppe 2 zugeordnet, 77,8 % Gruppe 3 und 4. In den Analysen der Zusammenhänge fanden sich signifikante Unterschiede zwischen Beschwerdesymptomatik und Nachuntersuchungsbefund sowie BMI und Nachuntersuchungsbefund.
Schlussfolgerungen: Trotz korrekter Krossektomie finden sich operationsbedürftige Krossenrezidive. Adipöse Patienten entwickeln diese signifikant häufiger. Die Indikation zur operativen Sanierung einer Insuffizienz der Vena saphena parva (VSP) sollte aufgrund höherer Rezidivquoten eher zurückhaltend gestellt werden. Die gewählte Rezidiveinteilung erweist sich als sinnvoll.
Minimal contribution of cell-bound antibodies to the immunoscintigraphy of inflamed joints with 99mTc-anti-CD4 monoclonal antibodies
Authors: Wolski A. , Palombo-Kinne E. , Wolf F. , Emmrich F. , Becker W. , Kinne R. W. 
Published: March 2018

Summary
Aim: The cellular joint infiltrate in rheumatoid arthritis patients is rich in CD4-positive T-helper lymphocytes and macrophages, rendering anti-CD4 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) suitable for specific immunoscintigraphy of human/ experimental arthritis. Following intravenous injection, however, mAbs are present both in the free form and bound to CD4-positive, circulating monocytes and T-cells. Thus, the present study aimed at analyzing the relative contribution of the free and the cell-bound component to the imaging of inflamed joints in experimental adjuvant arthritis (AA). Methods: AA rat peritoneal macrophages or lymph node T-cells were incubated in vitro with saturating amounts of 99mTc-anti-CD4 mAb (W3/25) and injected i.v. into rats with AA. Results: In vitro release of 99mTc-anti-CD4 mAb from the cells was limited (on average 1.57%/h for macrophages and 0.84%/h for T-cells). Following i.v. injection, whole body/joint scans and tissue measurements showed only negligible accumulation of radioactivity in inflamed ankle joints (tissue: 0.22 and 0.34% of the injected activity, respectively), whereas the radioactivity was concentrated in liver (tissue: 79% and 71%, respectively), kidney, and urinary bladder. Unlike macrophages, however, anti-CD4 mAb-coated T-cells significantly accumulated in lymphoid organs, the inflamed synovial membrane of the ankle joints, as well as in elbow and knee joints. Conclusion: While the overall contribution of cell-bound mAbs to the imaging of arthritic joints with anti-CD4 mAbs is minimal, differential accumulation of macrophages and T-cells in lymphoid organs and the inflamed synovial membrane indicates preferential migration patterns of these 2 cell populations in arthritic rats. Although only validated for 99mTc-anti-CD4 mAbs, extrapolation of the results to other anticellular mAbs with similar affinity for their antigen may be possible.
18FDG-PET in 733 consecutive patients with or without side-by-side CT evaluation
Authors: Wieres F. J. , Schneider W. , Reinartz P. , Buell U. 
Published: March 2018

SummarySide-by-side analysis of CT and conventional 18FDG-PET in oncological imaging is well established. Aim of this study was to find out which patients or diagnostic groups may benefit the most from the newly introduced integrated PET/CT scanners. Patients, methods: 407 consecutively admitted oncological patients with accompanying CT (groups A-D) and 326 patients without CT (groups E-G) were examined by conventional ring PET. Two nuclear medicine physicians and two radiologists assessed each patient’s PET and CT scans for pathological lesions with regard to localisation and infiltration of adjacent anatomical structures. Patients without pathological PET findings were assigned to groups A (with CT) or E (without CT). If the localisation and/or extent of a pathological PET focus could only be assessed by taking into account the CT scan, the patient was assigned to group C (with CT) or G (without CT). If PET alone was sufficient for both questions the patient was assigned to groups B (with CT) or F (without CT). If neither method allowed for a precise lesion characterisation, the patient was assigned to group D. Results: 38.6% (A, E) of all patients were PET-negative. PET alone sufficed in 20.6% (B, F). Side-by-side reading of PET and CT was needed for 43.5% (C) of patients referred to PET with a current CT. Side-by-side reading of CT and PET did not suffice for 7.3% (D) of patients in that cohort. A total of 28.2% (G) of the cases without CT would have profited from it. The most frequent oncological diagnoses in group D (PET and conventional CT not sufficient) were bronchial carcinoma with abdominal lesions, while in group G (without CT but CT required) head/neck cancer with thoracic lesions was predominant. Conclusions: Side-by-side reading of PET and already existing conventional CT failed to yield conclusive data with regard to lesion characterisation in only 7.4% of patients so that PET/CT might have been helpful in these cases. 28.2% of the patients without current CT would have profited from an initial PET/CT examination. On the other hand, 59.2% of all patients (negative PET or PET alone sufficing) did not require a CT for lesion characterisation.
Cardiac resynchronisation therapy
Authors: Vogt J. , Kammeier A. , Fricke E. , Holzinger J. , Lamp B. , Baller D. , Horstkotte D. , Burchert W. , Lindner O. 
Published: March 2018

Summary
Aim: Cardiac resynchronisation therapy (CRT) has been shown to improve haemodynamics and clinical symptoms in heart failure patients. The present study evaluated the effects of a 4-month CRT on myocardial blood flow (MBF) at rest, after vasodilation and on myocardial oxygen consumption (MVO2). Patients, Methods: We studied 16 patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy prior to and during CRT performed as biventricular pacing. Resting MBF and MVO2 were determined from an 11C-acetate PET study and vasodilator MBF from a 13N-ammonia study. Results: MBF at rest (0.55 ± 0.10 ml/min/g), after vasodilation (1.20 ± 0.45 ml/min/g), and MVO2 (0.082 ± 0.014/min) did not change by mid-term CRT at a global level (0.57 ± 0.11 ml/min/g; 1.32 ± 0.49 ml/min/g; 0.085 ± 0.018/min), whereas the rate pressure product (RPP) normalised MVO2 decreased from 0.104 ± 0.024 to 0.086 ± 0.018/min (p = 0.02). At baseline, the regional analysis revealed significantly higher values for all parameters in the lateral wall than for those in the other walls. Under CRT the regional differences between the resting parameters equalised and all parameters showed significant lower coefficients of variation. Conclusion: Effects of mid-term CRT on resting MBF, vasodilator MBF and MVO2 occur at a regional level. The resynchronisation is associated with a more homogenous distribution pattern of these parameters among the myocardial walls. Substantial alterations to global MBF at rest, after vasodilation or to MVO2 are not detectable. Regarding the RPP normalised MVO2, there is evidence of improved ventricular efficiency through CRT.
Preoperative imaging of Charcot neuroarthropathy
Authors: Krolak C. , Kessler S. , Tiling R. , Höpfner S. 
Published: March 2018

SummaryWith about 4 million diabetics in germany and presumed inclination over the following years the treatment of diabetic complications like diabetic foot will become an even more important point. The management of Charcot’s foot has undergone fundamental change in the last few years. Formerly, treatment was almost exclusively limited to non surgical measures; since the late 1990’s, however, current practice has shifted to early, stage-appropriate surgical therapy. The aim of the present prospective study was to investigate the value of positron emission tomography (PET) in the pre-operative work-up of Charcot’s foot. PET were compared to magnetic resonance tomography (MRI). Patients, methods: MRI and PET imaging were used as part of the preoperative work-up in 18 patients with Type II diabetes mellitus. The diagnosis of Charcot’s foot requiring surgical treatment were made on the basis of clinical and radiologic criteria. Results: Of 46 Charcot’s lesions confirmed at surgery, 44 and 35 were detected by means of PET and MRI, respectively. PET can be used in the work-up of patients with metal implants where the MRI does not show adequate findings. PET shows the areas of detritus formation exhibit only moderately increased glucose metabolism and at visual interpretation do not usually impress as typical for acute osteomyelitis. Average SUV values stood at 1.2 (range: 0.5–2.9). Conclusions: The differentiation between Charcot’s lesions and florid osteomyelitis provides the surgeon with important additional information, which is often unavailable from MRI. Because of this important additional data, PET could be considered preferable to morphologic imaging (CT, projection radiography) in the preoperative work-up of Charcot’s foot.
Comparison of diagnostic accuracy of 18F-FDG PET, 123I-IMT- and 99mTc-MIBI SPECT
Authors: Özdemir-Sahin N. , Hipp P. , Mier W. , Eisenhut M. , Debus J. , Haberkorn U. , Henze M. 
Published: March 2018

Summary
Aim was to evaluates the diagnostic accuracy of the SPECTtracers 3-123I-α-methyl-L-tyrosine (IMT) and 99mTc(I)- hexakis(2-methoxyisobutylisonitrile) (MIBI) as well as the PET-tracer 2-18F-2-deoxyglucose (FDG) for detecting tumour progression in irradiated low grade astrocytomas (LGA). Patients, methods: We examined 91 patients (56 males; 35 females; 44.7 ± 11.5 years), initially suffering from histologically proven LGAs (mean WHO grade II) and treated by stereotactic radiotherapy (59.0 ± 4.6 Gy). On average 21.9 ± 11.2 months after radiotherapy, patients presented new Gd-DTPA enhancing lesions on MRI, which did not allow a differentiation between progressive tumour (PT) and non-PT (nPT) at this point of time. PET scans (n=82) were acquired 45 min after injection of 208 ± 32 MBq FDG. SPECT scans started 10 min after injection of 269 ± 73 MBq IMT (n=68) and 15 min after injection of 706 ± 63 MBq MIBI (n=34). Lesions were classified as PT and nPT based on prospective follow-up (clinically, MRI) for 17.2 ± 9.9 months after PET/SPECT. Lesion-to-normal ratios (L/N) were calculated using contra lateraly mirrored reference regions for the SPECT examinations and reference regions in the contra lateral grey (GM) and white matter (WM) for FDG PET. Ratios were evaluated by Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis. Results: In the patient groups nPT and PT, L/N ratios for FDG (GS) were 0.6 ± 0.3 vs. 1.2 ± 0.5 (p = 0.003), for FDG (WS) 1.2 ± 0.4 vs. 2.6 ± 0.4 (p <0.001), for IMT 1.1 ± 0.1 vs. 1.8 ± 0.4 (p <0.001) and for MIBI 1.6 ± 0.7 vs. 2.6 ± 2.2 (p = 0.554). Areas under the non-parametric ROC-curves were: 0.738 ± 0.059 for FDG (GS), 0.790 ± 0.057 for FDG (WS), 0.937 ± 0.037 for IMT and 0.564 ± 0.105 for MIBI. Conclusion: MIBI-SPECT examinations resulted in a low accuracy and especially in a poor sensitivity even at modest specificity values. A satisfying diagnostic accuracy was reached with FDG PET. Using WM as reference region for FDG PET, a slightly higher AUC as compared to GM was calculated. IMT yielded the best ROC characteristics and the highest diagnostic accuracy for differentiating between PT and nPT in irradiated LGA.
Störfaktoren bei der In-vivo-Diagnostik der Schilddrüse
Authors: Funke G. , Lagemann K. , Anger K. 
Published: March 2018

ZusammenfassungAn 260 Patienten, die zur Schilddrüsendiagnostik in einer nuklearmedizinischen Universitätsabteilung vorgestellt wurden, und 200 Patienten einer Schilddrüsenpraxis im Kropfendemiegebiet des schwäbischen Oberlands wurde anamnestisch die Vorbelastung der Schilddrüse mit Jod oder Medikamenten erfaßt. An der Klinik fanden sich 54% vorbelastete, davon 30% jodkontaminierte und 20% mehrfach belastete Patienten. In der Praxis waren 18% der Patienten vorbehandelt, die Mehrzahl ausschließlich mit Schilddrüsenhormonen. Der Einfluß dieser Vorbelastung auf den thyreoidalen Technetium-Uptake und die daraus resultierende Einschränkung seiner diagnostischen Aussage werden diskutiert.
Three-Dimensional Imaging in Medicine: Holography
Authors: Heiss P. , Waters W. 
Published: March 2018

SummaryTwo holographic methods for three-dimensional imaging in medicine are presented. The methods can be applied on the base of various primary projection methods, especially those of nuclear medicine and roentgenology. This three-dimensional display, which is not bound to complicated technical equipments such as computers and graphic displays, can be performed easily at any place: in conference rooms, in surgical units etc. It may be of particular importance for the surgeon in order to visualize the site directly and in its real space dimensions.
Simultaneous Determination of Liver Blood Flow and Polygonal Cell Function in Hepatobiliary Diseases
Authors: Bláha V. , Kolínská J. , Blahníková L. , Endrle E. , Soušek O. , Výška K. 
Published: March 2018

SummaryThe present paper reports values for the extraction fraction of 131I-R.B. in the liver (E. F.) — as an index of the momentary ability of the polygonal cells to extract a foreign dye from the blood passing through the liver — in 457 patients with various types of liver damage and a group of controls.This value was obtained by means of the colloidal 198Au clearance and the 131I-Rose Bengal clearance determined simultaneously. In comparison with the control group the average value of the E. F. was decreased in the group of infectious hepatitis (~ 12%), and in the group of secondary or primary cancer of the liver (~ 14%o). An increase of the E. F. was observed in the group of fatty infiltration of the liver (~ 11%) and in the group of congestive heart failure (~13%).In the groups of chronic liver diseases with and without portal hypertension the average value of E. F. was almost the same as the value in the control group, but a great variation of individual values has been noticed. According to the authors’ opinion the value of E. F. in these groups as well as in the group of infectious hepatitis is closely related to the activity of the liver disease. This may be important for deciding the therapy, especially from the viewpoint of a possible indication to perform portocaval anastomosis.
Clinical Value of Liver and Renal Scanning in Oncology
Authors: Kesse-Elias M. , Gyftaki E. , Mavrikakis M. , Sfontouris J. , Binopoulos D. 
Published: March 2018

SummaryLiver scans were performed in 188 patients with metastatic or primary liver tumour, echinococcus cysts or hydrops of the gallbladder. The photoscans were positive in 96.2% of the cases with primary tumours and in 40 out of 47 patients with expected metastatic liver tumours. Correct interpretation was made in 97.4% of the liver echinococcus cysts and in 50% of patients with gallbladder hydrops.Renal scans were performed in 35 patients and diagnosis was confirmed by surgery. Of the 35 patients 21 had a tumour and 14 cysts. The scans were positive in 91.4%.
Untersuchungen zur 131J-Dynamik bei verschiedenen Störungen des Jodumsatzes
Authors: Grebe S. F. 
Published: March 2018

ZusammenfassungBei 20 000 Fällen, die mit dem Zweiphasentest untersucht wurden, zeigte sich die Notwendigkeit der Bestimmung des PB131J. Die Joddynamik kann beschleunigt, normal oder verlangsamt sein. Der Radiojodtest allein reicht zu einer sicheren Diagnostik der Schilddrüsenfunktion nicht aus. Eine Ergänzung durch PB127J und BE127J Bestimmungen sowie T3-Test ist notwendig.
Computer-Nephrographie
Authors: Winkler C. , Knopp R. , Schulte P. 
Published: March 2018

ZusammenfassungKonventionelle Technik und diagnostische Bedeutung der Isotopennephrographie werden einleitend kurz beschrieben. Anschließend wird gezeigt, daß es im Interesse einer Objektivierung der Nephrogramm-Auswertung sowie zur Zeitersparnis zweckmäßig ist, ein Computerverfahren anzuwenden. Hierfür wurde ein auf der Booleschen Algebra basierendes Programm entwickelt. Dieses ermöglicht die automatische Ermittlung des Befundes, dessen Ausgabe über Blattschreiber oder Schnelldrucker sowie die Befundarchivierung für klinische und wissenschaftliche Zwecke. — Nach erfolgreichem Test des zunächst in der maschinenorientierten Programmsprache PROSA für eine Siemens DVA 305 geschriebenen Computerprogramms wurde es in FØRTRAN übertragen und eine ALGOL-Version vorbereitet, um die Durchführung der zweifellos sehr nützlichen Computer-Nephrographie mit beliebigen Rechnersystemen zu ermöglichen.
99mTc Technetium Sulfide and the Scintillation Camera in the Rapid Diagnosis of Pericardial Effusion
Authors: Blahd W. H. , Winston M. A. , Krishnamurthy G. T. , Thomas P. B. , Weiss E. 
Published: March 2018

SummaryBecause of its speed, accuracy, and reproducibility, radioisotopic angiocardiography appears to be the method of choice for the diagnosis of pericardial effusion. Technetium-99m sulfide is preferable to 99mTc sodium pertechnetate in these studies for the following reasons: (1) its specific uptake by the liver aids both in patient positioning and in the accuracy of diagnosis; and (2), studies can be repeated within 15—20 minutes should there be equiment or technical error.