bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Duration of β-adrenoceptor blockade associated with once-daily oral administration of atenolol in healthy dogs
Authors: Waterman Mari I. , Abbott Jonathan A. , De Rezende Andrea Eriksson , Wilcke Jeffrey R. 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To test the hypothesis that once-daily oral administration of atenolol would attenuate the heart rate response to isoproterenol for 24 hours.
ANIMALS 20 healthy dogs.
PROCEDURES A double-blind randomized placebo-controlled crossover study was conducted. Dogs were assigned to receive atenolol (1 mg/kg, PO, q 24 h) or a placebo for 5 to 7 days. After a washout period of 7 days, dogs then received the other treatment. Heart rate at rest (HRr) and heart rate induced by administration of isoproterenol (HRi) as a constant rate infusion (0.2 μg/kg/min for 5 to 7 minutes) were obtained by use of ECG 0, 0.25, 3, 6, 12, 18, and 24 hours after administration of the final dose of atenolol or the placebo. A mixed-model ANOVA was used to evaluate effects of treatment, time after drug or placebo administration, treatment-by-time interaction, period, and sequence on HRr and HRi.
RESULTS Effects of sequence or period were not detected. There was a significant effect of treatment and the treatment-by-time interaction on HRi. Atenolol significantly attenuated HRi for 24 hours but did so maximally at 3 hours (least squares mean ± SE, 146 ± 5 beats/min and 208 ± 5 beats/min for atenolol and placebo, respectively). The effect at 24 hours was small (193 ± 5 beats/min and 206 ± 5 beats/min for atenolol and placebo, respectively). Atenolol had a small but significant effect on HRr.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE This study of healthy dogs receiving atenolol supported a recommendation for a dosing interval < 24 hours.
Randomized blinded controlled trial of dipyrone as a treatment for pyrexia in horses
Authors: Morresey Peter R. , White Gary W. , Poole H. Melinda , Hu Tianhua , Yin Ming , Sundman Emily A. 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of dipyrone to control pyrexia in horses with naturally occurring disease under field conditions.
ANIMALS 138 horses with pyrexia and various infections evaluated at 14 veterinary sites in 12 states.
PROCEDURES In the first (effectiveness) phase of this 2-phase study, horses were randomly assigned 3:1 to receive 1 dose of dipyrone (30 mg/kg [13.6 mg/lb], IV) or an equivalent amount of placebo. Effectiveness was defined as a decrease in rectal temperature ≥ 1.1°C (2°F), compared with the pretreatment value, or a rectal temperature of ≤ 38.3°C (101.0°F) 6 hours after treatment administration. Horses deemed to have an appropriate reduction in rectal temperature (regardless of treatment group) by 6 hours were immediately entered into the safety phase of the study, in which dipyrone was administered IV at 30 mg/kg between 0 and 8 times up to every 8 hours on an as-needed basis, as determined by the clinical investigators. Horses were monitored throughout for adverse events.
RESULTS A significantly greater proportion of dipyrone-treated horses (76/99 [77%]) had an effective treatment response than did placebo-treated horses (6/31 [19%]). Posttreatment adverse events were mild and transient. No differences in types or prevalence of gastrointestinal adverse events were evident between treatment groups.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Dipyrone was effective in controlling pyrexia by 6 hours after IV administration of a single 30-mg/kg dose in a large proportion of treated horses. Adverse effects were minimal.
How Does Social Innovation Contribute to Solving Social Problems? A Process-Oriented Framework for Measuring Social Innovation
Authors: Veresné Somosi Mariann , Varga Krisztina 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
The study defines a process-oriented framework for measuring social innovation. Social initiatives focus on meeting the needs of the community and solving their problems The local, community-based innovative ideas have a significant role. During the systematic operation of innovation, the starting point (expression of local needs) and the definition of short and long term goals as induction factors are involved in the innovation process. The starting conditions are widening in the transformation with incentive and inhibiting factors, while the stakeholders of the innovation process are also determined. As a result of the transformation, territorial-specific results will be created complementing the economic and / or social impact of the given innovation. Indicators that help measure social innovation initiatives can be identified as prerequisites, conditions of implementation and sustainability criteria, defining the structured conditions of the innovation process per phase. In addition, several levels of social innovation efforts are possible. Measuring macro-level social innovation, it is necessary to examine regional contexts, with the method of analysis of the connection network, and also with a systematic approach. Regional social innovation measurement can be used to analyze local and regional cooperation and initiatives. The study analyzes the conditions and measurement possibilities of micro-level social innovation, their generating potential and investigates the speed of organizational innovation. An example of good practice in the municipality is presented as a case study, defining the conditions that help to evaluate social innovation by determining a process-oriented framework.
The Development of the Egyptian Technical Secondary Education Considering Some Contemporary Global Trends: An Analytical Study
Authors: Salah Hanafy Mahmoud Khaled 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Technical education is the base for all development efforts in society. It plays an important role in pushing up the development wheel and in achieving its maximum rates. Whatever the development plans quality, they couldn't achieve their goals and targeted rates without the availability of scientifically and technically qualified human cadre in all work and production fields. Studies clarified that Egyptian technical secondary education suffers from many problems as the weak of its programs leading to negative effects on the proficiency of their students and their outcomes, their inconvenience to the labor market and making gap between the educational outcomes and technical education institutions and leading to the inferiority of the social status of this sort of education considering its relationship with hand work. Thus, reinforcement of the positive social sight towards vocational and technical education in Egypt represents a challenge. This study attempted through using the analytical method, through analyzing the educational literature to identify the contemporary global trends in developing technical education, how to apply every trend in the other world countries and to identify the positive and negative sides of applying every trend. Thus, the development of Egyptian technical secondary education could be identified and its requirements and means.
Investigating Greek EFL Coordinators’ Involvement in Online Elteachers Communities of Practice as a Means of Professional Development
Authors: Kourkouli Katerina 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
This paper examines Greek EFL Coordinators’ involvement in online ELTeachers Communities of Practice (CoPs) and its impact on their own and their trainees’/teachers’ professional development. The study focuses on four (4) Greek EFL School Advisors who acted as Coordinators of four online CoPs training fourty-nine (49) EFL teachers using an online platform named 2gather developed by the University of Athens in the context of a national in-service professional development project in Greece. Founded on the theory of situated learning, CoPs have been defined as “groups of people who share a concern, a set of problems, or a passion about a topic, and who deepen their knowledge and expertise in this area by interacting on an ongoing basis” (Wenger et al., 2002). The study involved monitoring the development of four online ELTeachers CoPs and their respective Coordinators’ patterns of involvement and response using a mixed-methods approach which combined quantitative data and qualitative research of collective case studies (Dornyei, 2007) of the four groups of teachers. A comparison of the Coordinators’ implementation of meaningful professional development (Franke et al., 2001) activities “before” and “after” their involvement in the online CoPs was carried out. Findings delineate the extent of the Coordinators’ “reformed” training practice in terms of professional development activities provided to the teachers “before” and “after” their CoP involvement as well as their report on their teachers’ and their own perceived benefit. Results also highlight the role of the Coordinators’ attitude towards the innovative model of teacher education for its feasibility and viability in Greece and contribute to furthering our understanding of effective implementation of online CoPs in the context of continuing professional development.
Similarities in the Syntactic Structure of the German and Croatian Language
Authors: Svoboda Manuela 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to analyse any potential similarities between the Croatian and German language and present them adopting a contrastive approach with the intent of simplifying the learning process in regards to the German syntactic structure for Croatian German as foreign language students. While consulting articles and books on the theories and methods of foreign language teaching, attention is usually drawn to differences between the mother tongue and the foreign language, especially concerning false friends etc. The same applies to textbooks, workbooks and how teachers behave in class. Thus, it is common practice to deal with the differences between the foreign language and the mother tongue but less with similarities. This is unfortunate considering that this would likely aid in acquiring certain grammatical and syntactic structures of the foreign language. In the author's opinion, similarities are as, if not more, important than differences. Therefore, in this article the existence of similarities between the Croatian and German language will be examined closer with a main focus on the segment of sentence types. Special attention is drawn to subordinate clauses as they play an important role when speaking and/or translating sentences from Croatian to German and vice versa. In order to present and further clarify this matter, subordinate clauses in both the German and Croatian language are defined, clarified and listed to gain an oversight and to present possible similarities between the two. In addition, the method to identify subordinate clauses in a sentence is explained as well as what they express, which conjunctions are being used for each type of subordinate clause in both languages and where the similarities and/or differences between the two languages lie.
Optimal Control and Real-Time Simulation of Hybrid Marine Power Plants
Authors: Dinh T Q , Bui T M N , Marco J , Watts C 
Published: February 2019

With significantly increasing concerns about greenhouse effects and sustainable economy, the marine industry presents great potential for reducing its environmental impact. Recent developments in power electronics and hybridisation technologies create new opportunities for innovative marine power plants which utilize both traditional diesel generators and energy storage like batteries and/or supercapacitors as the power sources. However, power management of such complex systems in order to achieve the best efficiency becomes one of the major challenges. Acknowledging this importance, this research aims to develop an optimal control strategy (OCS) for hybrid marine power plants. First, architecture of the researched marine power plant is briefly discussed and a simple plant model is presented. The generator can be used to charge the batteries when the ship works with low power demands. Conversely, this battery energy can be used as an additional power source to drive the propulsion or assist the generators when necessary. In addition, energy losses through braking can be recuperated and stored in the battery for later use. Second, the OCS is developed based on equivalent fuel consumption minimisation (EFCM) approach to manage efficiently the power flow between the power sources. This helps the generators to work at the optimal operating conditions, conserving fuel and lowering emissions. In principle, the EFCM is based on the simple concept that discharging the battery at present is equivalent to a fuel burn in the future and vice-versa and, is suitable for real-time implementation. However, instantaneously regulating the power sources’ demands could affect the system stability as well as the lifetime of the components. To overcome this drawback and to achieve smooth energy management, the OCS is designed with a number of penalty factors by considering carefully the system states, such as generators’ fuel consumption and dynamics (stop/start and cranking behaviour), battery state of charge and power demands. Moreover, adaptive energy conversion factors are designed using artificial intelligence and integrated in the OCS design to improve the management performance. The system therefore is capable of operating in the highest fuel economy zone and without sacrificing the overall performance. Furthermore, a real-time simulation platform has been developed for the future investigation of the control logic. The effectiveness of the proposed OCS is then verified through numerical simulations with a number of test cases.
Emissions reduction at the Netherlands ministry of defence: potential, possibilities and impact
Authors: van de Ketterij R G 
Published: February 2019

To limit the global temperature rise to 1.5°C in 2100 compared to mid nineteenth century, net post 2015 emissions should amount maximum 200 Gigaton Carbon (GTC) or 734 GT CO2 emissions [Millar, 2017]. Annual world CO2 emission rate was 36.2GT, and CO2_eq (the combined impact of all emissions on global warming, translated to the equivalent impact of CO2 emissions) emission rate was 49 GT in 2016, [Carbonatlas, 2017]. Currently only 685 GT CO2 emission quota is left, or 14 years of emitting at the current emission rate. Estimates vary widely: IPCC thinks we only have 485 GT CO2 emission quota left, while the most pessimistic estimates talk about only 200 GT CO2. With this in mind, the ambition of the Dutch Operational Energy Strategy [Schulten 2017] to reduce the dependency on fossil fuels (and hence CO2 emissions) by 20 % in 2030, is not sufficient to meet the objectives of the Treaty of Paris. We have to choose whether to keep this ambition, defining much stricter ambitions, or invest differently to keep global warming within acceptable limits. This paper discusses CO2 emissions and their distribution both over different sectors and geographical, worldwide. Next the paper discusses the options we have on short and medium term to reduce emissions, and their impact on emission reduction.
Combat Safety and Survivability Combining survivability and safety techniques to address crew safety in combat
Authors: Manley D 
Published: February 2019

In Summer 2013 the UK Supreme Court confirmed the existence of MOD's Duty of Care to its personnel in action. This was carefully expressed not as a limitation on operations but was aimed at the provision of suitable equipment along with the justification of the design and protection decisions taken in its procurement and maintenance, and in its operation. In response to this ruling the UK Naval Authority Group, under the authority of the Defence Maritime Regulator and the Royal Navy Survivability Strategy, developed the principles of Combat Safety, creating a survivability and personnel protection process that parallels traditional safety management, delivering an auditable record of the requirements development, design, construction and maintenance of survivable vessels and crew protection arrangements, as well as significantly improved guidance to warfighters on the survivability and personnel protection aspects of the ships in which they serve. The paper discusses the introduction of and background to the UK MOD’s developing Combat Safety process, which is aimed at minimising the risk to life of personnel in combat arising from hostile action. It discusses the relationship between Combat Safety, “traditional” safety management and survivability. The processes developed to manage Combat Safety for new construction and legacy vessels are discussed, and the development and content of the Combat Safety Summary are discussed, Finally the future RN development programme for Combat Safety is outlined.
SEMIOTICS ANALYSIS OF BETAWI VERNACULAR ARCHITECTURE AT SETU BABAKAN, JAKARTA
Authors: Lakawa Agustin 
Published: February 2019

AbstractIn traditional societies, it is not too difficult to integrate the style and symbols of a house because they have a common language of the same yet mutually understandable style. However, this can not be applied nowadays with the development of pluralistic cultures encountered by Betawi people. Semiotic enables community to reflect on various related issues in the form of architecture and spatial arrangement. This research was conducted to obtain information that will be used to complement semiotics analytical methods. Field data collection methods are done both visually through recording of buildings and orally through interviewing some of the residents. This research uses semiotics analysis model derived from Ferdinand de Saussure which was adapted by Charles Peirce and used by Charles Jencks. Semiotics discussion on the style of Betawi house at Setu Babakan area consists of four major parts: building orientation, zoning, building typology, and building ornament. The result of this study confirms that there are several changes on the four major parts to support the shift of the village into a cultural village. These changes represent the sign of adaptability of the community to support the preservation and maintenance of Betawi house in this cultural village. Keywords: style and symbol, vernacular architecture, Betawi traditional house
A STUDY OF URBAN PLACEMAKING EVOLUTION CHANGES AT PASAR SANTA JAKARTA
Authors: Oppusunggu Ruth E. , Tjoeputri Melissa , Katoppo Martin L. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractTraditional markets -where bargaining is method of trading- are still one of urban fabrics that offer sense of places, and Jakarta has 153 traditional markets managed by Jakarta regional owned enterprise. Numerous of these traditional markets had been renovated into layers of concrete buildings, but many are almost paralyzed in competing with shopping malls and the new way of trading, online shopping. Pasar Santa is still one of a kind. In 2014, Santa became the hippest gathering place and prestige marketplace for the emerging creative communities and young people -a new generation of vendors and buyers- while it still maintained its everyday needs such as fresh food, groceries and housewares. Santa -with its 1151 kiosks – succeeded to compete shopping malls and became one of the must-seen place in Jakarta. But in 2015, it died down causing farther businesses left. This paper captures the placemaking research of Santa's evolution stages -especially in the end of 2016 to the end of 2017 when DAG conducted participatory action research- and analyzes the reasons behind the changing characteristics and public perception. The study shows that community's collaboration and design can fabricate Santa into vibrant urban destination again. Key words: traditional market, placemaking, creative community, design as generator, community participation/ collaboration
Identity and Exchangeable of Figure and Background Visually
Authors: Al-Majidi Basim Hasan Hashim , El-Eqapy Ahmed Hashim 
Published: February 2019

Studies has focused generally on studying generally and specific researches concepts in architecture, one of these concepts was the identity and the ways that support constructing and specifying the identity concept with in various frames , but it ignore important side which represented by experimenting two points which they are the figure and background visually and the exchangeable connection and the effect of each one of them on the other in forming the general frames to identity in sight of architectural knowledge frame around all identity and its relationships with figure and background visually.
This paper aims to define the general visions to study the identity concept in general and the effect of figure and background visually and the exchangeable effect between them in constructing the basis of this new identity by specifying the knowledge proposition about the general subject then build a theoretical frame for these concepts and apply it on specific architectural case study representing a practical example of the identity concept in architecture and analyzing the results of about there are approximate in nature and level of results of figure and background visually and its relationship exchangeable with identity.
Assistance in Making Decoupage and Marketing through Online Media
Authors: Sriwartini Yayu , Radjagukguk Djudjur Luciana , Masnah Masnah 
Published: February 2019

Pendampingan pelatihan berkreativitas decoupage dan teknik pemasaran efektif melalui media online (khususnya media sosial) diberikan kepada anak-anak jalanan dengan harapan bisa menambah keterampilan mereka sebagai bekal untuk mencari alternatif sumber penghasilan. Pelatihan ini diberikan kepada anak-anak binaan Rumah Singgah Taruna Pertiwi yang beralamat di Pasar Minggu dan Rumah Singgah Bina Anak Pertiwi di Jl. Bacang, Salihara. Kedua rumah singgah ini menjadi pilihan karena kami ingin memberikan kontribusi kepada anak-anak jalanan binaan yang lokasinya tidak jauh dari Universitas Nasional. Kegiatan pelatihan decoupage menjadi pilihan sebab merupakan sebuah keterampilan yang mudah dipelajari. Selain pelatihan membuat decoupage, para peserta pun diberikan pelatihan teknik pemasarannya yang efektif melalui media online. Pertimbangannya adalah karena saat sekarang ini media online sudah menjadi kebutuhan primer dan menjadi media yang paling cepat serta efektif dan efisien untuk melakukan promosi atau pemasaran. Selain itu murah karena tidak perlu mengeluarkan biaya sebagaimana kalau promosi melalui media konvensional. Kegiatan pelatihan tahap pertama ini berlangsung selama kurang lebih dua bulan mulai dari tanggal 26 Mei sampai 14 Juli 2018, dengan menghasilkan karya decoupage yang dibuat pada media talenan, pouch dari kain belacu serta kipas anyam. Teknik yang diberikan baru pada tahap awal, yakni hanya sekedar mempelkan tisu saja pada medianya. Asalkan dengan kecermatan, ketelitian dan kerapihan, maka hasilnya akan menjadi terlihat menarik serta memiliki nilai jual yang tinggi dan estetik.
FIGURE OF SPEECH REPRESENTING RELIGIOUS EDUCATION VALUES IN MOUSTAFA AKKAD’S THE MESSAGE
Authors: Shokshok Sara Mostafa , Indah Rohmani Nur 
Published: February 2019

Figure of speech used in literary writing touches feelings, emotions based on an image of things seen, and actions experienced. When it applies to the language in a movie, it may furnish new effects or fresh insights into an idea or a subject. This study explored the figure of speech representing religious education values in Moustafa Akkad's The Message movie. As qualitative descriptive research, the source of data was the script of the movie analyzed from the sociolinguistic point of view. The result shows that the film used the figurative language to express religious education values through irony, simile, personification, paradox, hyperbole, oxymoron, metaphor, repetitive, metonymy, antithesis, onomatopoeia, and symbol. Also, Moustafa Akkad presented several religious values applicable to teaching English for Islamic Studies.