bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
““The last bastion of democracy”: teachers’ perceptions of the democratic potential of English curriculum”
Authors: Barton Georgina , Riddle Stewart , Lowien Nathan 
Published: November 2024

Purpose
Faced with increasing systemic constraints and pressures, secondary school English teachers often implement transactional approaches to pedagogy and curriculum aimed at improving student results on external exams, which are then used to rank schools. Despite the pressure to teach this way, teachers acknowledge the power of literature, literacy and language in the English curriculum as vehicles for educating students to be critical readers of texts for a democratic society. As such, the purpose of this paper is to share perspectives of secondary English teachers in relation to the democratic potential of their subject.

Design/methodology/approach
Using a qualitative case study method, this paper shares data from six Australian secondary school English teachers who work in culturally diverse schools. Teachers were interviewed about their perspectives regarding how the Australian English curriculum enabled and/or constrained the teaching of critical and creative thinking in support of a democratic society.

Findings
Using Marri’s model of multicultural democratic education, interview data were deductively analyzed to identify elements of the model, including critical pedagogies, disciplinary content and community building. Teachers were concerned that building critical literacy skills was minimized by the system and students’ personal dispositions.

Originality/value
The English teachers in this study held a strong belief that the subject of English could emancipate students, although they felt it might be “the last bastion” for a democratic education.
Study on the accurate detection method of full‐polarimetric ground‐penetrating radar faults in mines based on modified Yamaguchi decomposition
Authors: Wang Ran , Cui Fan , Dong Guoqi , Cheng Qi , Zhang Guixin , Wang Xuhao , Zhao Xiaoxue 
Published: November 2024

AbstractObtaining information on tectonic tendencies is a prerequisite for intelligent and accurate mining in mines. In the special mine environment, the co‐polarized ground‐penetrating radar can only identify the spatial location of faults, and it is difficult to analyse the inclination information of fault structures. This paper proposes a mine full‐polarimetric ground‐penetrating radar fault tendency detection method based on this. First, based on the stacking characteristics of the coal depositional, this paper analyses the propagation law of the pulse electromagnetic wave in the coal seam and puts forward the assumption of the overlapping echo reflection of the fault structure. The reasonableness of the fault reflection assumption is verified through a numerical simulation study. Second, based on the cutting relationship of the fault to the coal seam, we divided the reflection structure of the fault structure into plane scattering and dihedral angle scattering. We realized the mingled echoes’ decomposition using the improved Yamaguchi decomposition technique. To analyse the applicability of the modified Yamaguchi and Freeman decomposition methods in the identification of fault inclination, we use the upright fault simulation data for the discussion, and we find that the improved Yamaguchi decomposition method is more advantageous in the identification of fault inclination in the mine. The decomposition results based on the simulation data of fault models with different dip angles found that when the dip angle of the fault is less than 90°, the scattering of the fault structure is dominated by planar scattering and dihedral angle scattering; when the dip angle of the fault is greater than or equal to 90°, the scattering of the fault structure is dominated by planar scattering, and the scattering power of the dihedral angle model is zero. By analysing the effect of fault strike on the decomposition results, it is found that the fault strike angle has little effect on the identification of fault tendency. Finally, the application potential of this paper's method is tested by constructing complex numerical models and probing experiments. Therefore, the method proposed in this paper can solve the fault tendency identification under a thick coal seam.
Aridity and forest age mediate landscape scale patterns of tropical forest resistance to cyclonic storms
Authors: Vargas G. German , Marcano‐Vega Humfredo , Ruzycki Tom , Wood Tana E. , Anderegg William R. L. , Powers Jennifer S. , Helmer Eileen H. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Cyclonic storms, or hurricanes, are expected to intensify as ocean heat energy rises due to climate change. Ecological theory suggests that tropical forest resistance to hurricanes should increase with forest age and wood density. However, most data on hurricane effects on tropical forests come from a limited number of well‐studied long‐term monitoring sites, restricting our capacity to evaluate the resistance of tropical forests to hurricanes across broad environmental gradients.

In this study, we assessed whether forest age and aridity mediate the effects of hurricanes Irma and Maria in Puerto Rico, Vieques and Culebra islands. We leveraged functional trait data for 410 tree species, remotely sensed measurements of canopy height and cover, along with data on forest stand characteristics of 180 of 338 forest monitoring plots, each covering an area of 0.067 ha. The plots represent a broad mean annual precipitation (MAP) gradient from 701 to 4598 mm and a complex mosaic of forest age from 5 to around 85 years since deforestation.

Hurricanes resulted in a 25% increase in basal area mortality rates, a 45% decrease in canopy height and a 21% reduction in canopy cover. These effects intensified with forest age, even after considering proximity to the hurricane path. The links between forest age and hurricane disturbances were likely due the prevalence of tall canopies.

Tall forest canopies were strongly linked with low community‐weighted wood density (WD). These characteristics were on average more common in moist and wet forests (MAP >1250 mm). Conversely, dry forests were dominated by short species with high wood density (WD > 0.6 g cm−3) and did not show significant increases in basal area mortality rates after the hurricanes.

Synthesis. Our findings show that selection towards drought‐tolerant traits across aridity gradients, such as short stature and dense wood, enhances resistance to hurricanes. However, forest age modulated responses to hurricanes, with older forests being less resistant across the islands. This evidence highlights the importance of considering the intricate links between ecological succession and plant function when forecasting tropical forests’ responses to increasingly strong hurricanes.
Deterrence and behavioral mode of coconut oil‐derived free fatty acids on Zeugodacus cucurbitae oviposition
Authors: Movva Vijaya , Zhu Junwei , Roda Amy , Kendra Paul , Yang Xiangbing , Cloonan Kevin , Tay Jia‐Wei , Cha Dong H. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPrevious studies have shown oviposition deterring properties of 8 coconut free fatty acid (CFFA) compounds on fruit flies with different key deterrent components for different species. Here we evaluated oviposition deterrence of CFFA using laboratory 2‐choice bioassays against Zeugodacus cucurbitae, determined key‐bioactive deterrent compounds, and evaluated their behavioral mode. Unlike other reported fruit fly species, CFFA mixture increased Z. cucurbitae oviposition when directly applied on an oviposition substrate. When tested individually in subsequent tests, 4 compounds (caprylic, capric, oleic, and linoleic acids) significantly reduced the oviposition (“negative‐compounds”), 1 compound (stearic acid) had no effect (“neutral‐compound”), and 3 compounds (lauric, myristic, and palmitic acids) stimulated the oviposition (“positive‐compounds”). The 4‐component negative‐compound blend was effective at reducing oviposition. However, adding stearic acid to the 4‐component blend (5‐component blend, 5c) further reduced oviposition. Adding any of the positive‐compounds to the 5c resulted in loss of oviposition deterrence, suggesting the 5c as the key deterrent component blend. The blend was also effective in no‐choice assays and when applied on cucumbers, a preferred host of Z. cucurbitae. When given a choice, Z. cucurbitae made 48.5% fewer visits, spent 39% less time, and oviposited 88.2% fewer eggs per min on 5c treated pumpkin agar than on control agar, suggesting that the 5c blend has both spatial repellency and contact deterrence. Given that all compounds are registered food additives and generally regarded as safe, this blend has potential application in behavioral control strategies, such as push–pull, to protect host fruit against Z. cucurbitae.
Why the Administrative Burden of Cross Compliance Matters
Authors: El Benni Nadja , Ritzel Christian , Mack Gabriele 
Published: November 2024

SummaryThe administrative burden imposed by the direct payment system is a major concern highlighted in recent farmers’ protests. Based on a survey of 808 Swiss farmers, we analyse farmers’ perceptions of the administrative burden associated with the direct payment system and how this affects the costs and farmers’ views and reactions to the policy. Our results show that the perceived administrative burden varies among farmers and is not strongly related to the actual time spent on forms. Well‐trained and informed farmers find administrative tasks less burdensome. The bureaucracy involved in agricultural policy matters not only because it increases farmers’ perceived administrative burden but also because it leads to dissatisfaction with the government. Overall, we estimate the private administrative costs of cross‐compliance obligations for Switzerland to be about 5 per cent of the annual Swiss budget for direct payments. To reduce farmers’ perceived administrative burden, policymakers should prioritise reducing compliance costs, which will also reduce psychological costs. Digitalisation can help achieve this outcome, but its success depends on farmers’ knowledge of information and communication technologies. Knowledge, administrative efficiency and perceived legitimacy are crucial for reducing non‐compliance with direct payment regulations. Addressing these factors will help improve the effectiveness of agricultural policies.
Lipoxygenase activity in tropical fish: Changes during surimi processing and some biochemical characterization in lizardfish (Saurida tumbil)
Authors: Karbsri Wilaiwan , Hamzeh Ali , Park Jae W. , Yin Tao , Yongsawatdigul Jirawat 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe lipoxygenase (LOX) activity of major tropical fish used for surimi production, including threadfin bream (TB), lizardfish (LZ), and goatfish (GF), was measured in the gills, skin, and muscle. The highest LOX activity was observed in the LZ samples (p < 0.05), with the gills exhibiting the greatest activity at 376.56 U/mg (p < 0.05). The highest peroxide value was detected in the TB samples, particularly in the gills (p < 0.05). Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) were the main polyunsaturated fatty acids in all the tissues and surimi. The total lipid and DHA contents of washed mince reduced considerably after the screw press process. Although LOX activity decreased during surimi production, a residual activity of 21.33 U/g was observed in the finished surimi. LOX was partially purified and characterized from LZ gills. The purification was conducted using two successive chromatographic steps, Sephacryl S‐200 and diethylaminoethyl (DEAE)–sepharose, resulting in a 3.52% yield and a 22.43‐fold increase in purity. The optimum activity was found at 25°C and pH 7.5, with pH stability between 6.0 and 8.5. The relatively high thermal stability at 4°C–10°C suggested that LOX might contribute to fish lipid oxidation during cold storage. The enzyme was thermally inactivated at 60°C. The preferred substrate was EPA. LOX from the LZ gills was inhibited by 1 mM ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and activated by 1 mM Fe2+, Na+, and Ca2+.Practical ApplicationElucidating lipoxygenase activity and lipid oxidation in various tropical fish tissues, as well as understanding the characteristics of LOX, can help take appropriate postharvest actions to afford high‐quality surimi.
Metabolic engineering of Streptomyces roseosporus for increased production of clinically important antibiotic daptomycin
Authors: Li Xingwang , Sang Ziwei , Zhao Xuejin , Wen Ying 
Published: November 2024

AbstractDaptomycin (DAP), a novel cyclic lipopeptide antibiotic produced by Streptomyces roseosporus, is clinically important for treatment of infections caused by multidrug‐resistant Gram‐positive pathogens, but the low yield hampers its large‐scale industrial production. Here, we describe a combination metabolic engineering strategy for constructing a DAP high‐yielding strain. Initially, we enhanced aspartate (Asp) precursor supply in S. roseosporus wild‐type (WT) strain by separately inhibiting Asp degradation and competitive pathway genes using CRISPRi and overexpressing Asp synthetic pathway genes using strong promoter kasOp*. The resulting strains all showed increased DAP titre. Combined inhibition of acsA4, pta, pyrB, and pyrC increased DAP titre to 167.4 μg/mL (73.5% higher than WT value). Co‐overexpression of aspC, gdhA, ppc, and ecaA led to DAP titre 168 μg/mL (75.7% higher than WT value). Concurrently, we constructed a chassis strain favourable for DAP production by abolishing by‐product production (i.e., deleting a 21.1 kb region of the red pigment biosynthetic gene cluster (BGC)) and engineering the DAP BGC (i.e., replacing its native dptEp with kasOp*). Titre for the resulting chassis strain reached 185.8 μg/mL. Application of our Asp precursor supply strategies to the chassis strain further increased DAP titre to 302 μg/mL (2.1‐fold higher than WT value). Subsequently, we cloned the engineered DAP BGC and duplicated it in the chassis strain, leading to DAP titre 274.6 μg/mL. The above strategies, in combination, resulted in maximal DAP titre 350.7 μg/mL (2.6‐fold higher than WT value), representing the highest reported DAP titre in shake‐flask fermentation. These findings provide an efficient combination strategy for increasing DAP production and can also be readily applied in the overproduction of other Asp‐related antibiotics.
The prognostic implications of podoplanin in cancer‐associated fibroblasts and PD‐L1 expression in high‐grade neuroendocrine carcinoma of the lung
Authors: Miyamoto Tatsuya , Haruki Tomohiro , Makishima Karen , Matsui Shinji , Oshima Yuki , Umekita Yoshihisa , Nakamura Hiroshige 
Published: November 2024

AbstractObjectivesPodoplanin (PDPN) expression in cancer‐associated fibroblasts (CAFs) (CAF‐PDPN) is considered a poor prognostic factor in nonsmall cell lung cancer, but little is known about its clinical significance in high‐grade neuroendocrine carcinoma of the lung (HGNEC). This study examines the association between CAF‐PDPN and stromal programmed death‐ligand 1 (PD‐L1) expression and the prognostic implications of CAF‐PDPN and PD‐L1 expression status in surgically resected HGNEC patients.MethodsImmunohistochemical analyses were performed on 121 resected HGNEC specimens using antibodies against PDPN and PD‐L1. Correlations between CAF‐PDPN, stromal PD‐L1 expression, and clinicopathologic features and their implications for survival were analyzed statistically.ResultsThere were substantially more large‐cell neuroendocrine carcinomas in the stromal PD‐L1‐positive group and more vascular invasion in the tumoral PD‐L1‐positive group. PDPN expression in CAF was moderately correlated with stromal PD‐L1 expression (ρ = 0.567, p < 0.001). In a survival analysis combining CAF‐PDPN and stromal PD‐L1 status, the 5‐year RFS rates for Group A: CAF‐PDPN (+)/stromal PD‐L1 (+), Group B: CAF‐PDPN (+)/stromal PD‐L1 (−), Group C: CAF‐PDPN (−)/stromal PD‐L1 (+), and Group D: CAF‐PDPN (−)/stromal PD‐L1 (−) were 62.0%, 46.8%, 17.5%, and 20.2%, respectively, with corresponding 5‐year OS rates of 76.6%, 69.2%, 27.0%, and 25.3%. The log‐rank test showed statistically significant differences among the groups in RFS (p < 0.001) and OS (p < 0.001).ConclusionsThere is a correlation between CAF‐PDPN and tumoral/stromal PD‐L1 expression, and positive status for either CAF‐PDPN or stromal PD‐L1 expression could be an independent favorable prognostic factor in surgically resected HGNEC patients.
Failure rate of D‐dimer testing in patients with high clinical probability of pulmonary embolism: Ancillary analysis of three European studies
Authors: Bannelier Héloïse , Kapfer Thomas , Roussel Mélanie , Freund Yonathan , Alame Karine , Catoire Pierre , Vromant Amélie 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundIn patients with a high clinical probability of pulmonary embolism (PE), the high prevalence can lower the D‐dimer negative predictive value and increase the risk of diagnostic failure. It is therefore recommended that these high‐risk patients should undergo chest imaging without D‐dimer testing although no evidence supports this recommendation.ObjectiveThe objective was to evaluate the safety of ruling out PE based on D‐dimer testing among patients with a high clinical probability of PE.MethodsThis was a post hoc analysis of three European studies (PROPER, MODIGLIANI, and TRYSPEED). Patients were included if they presented a high clinical probability of PE (according to either the Wells or the revised Geneva score) and underwent D‐dimer testing. The D‐dimer–based strategy ruled out PE if the D‐dimer level was below the age‐adjusted threshold (i.e., <500 ng/mL in patients aged less than 50 and age × 10 ng/mL in patients older than 50).The primary endpoint was a thromboembolic event in patients with negative D‐dimer either at index visit or at 3‐month follow‐up. A Bayesian approach estimated the probability that the failure rate of the D‐dimer–based strategy was below 2% given observed data.ResultsAmong the 12,300 patients included in the PROPER, MODIGLIANI, and TRYSPEED studies, 651 patients (median age 68 years, 60% female) had D‐dimer testing and a high clinical probability of PE and were included in the study. PE prevalence was 31.3%. Seventy patients had D‐dimer levels under the age‐adjusted threshold, and none of them had a PE after follow‐up (failure rate 0.0% [95% CI 0.0%–6.5%]). Bayesian analysis reported a credible interval of 0.0%–4.1%, with a 76.2% posterior probability of a failure rate below 2%.ConclusionsIn this study, ruling out PE in high‐risk patients based on D‐dimer below the age‐adjusted threshold was safe, with no missed PE. However, the large CI of the primary endpoint precludes a definitive conclusion.
Family Nurture Intervention and mother–preterm infant autonomic emotional connection in the neonatal intensive care unit: A review
Authors: Woodward Lianne J. , Ludwig Robert J. , Gong Alice , Myers Michael M. , Welch Martha G. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAimWe review methods and outcomes of a novel parenting intervention, Family Nurture Intervention (FNI), that promotes early mother–infant autonomic co‐regulation and emotional connection in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).MethodsFNI involves individualised mother–infant calming sessions combined with maternal emotional expression. Two parallel group randomised controlled trials have evaluated FNI. The first, recruited 150 preterm newborns (26–34 weeks GA) and their mothers, randomised into two groups: FNI (n = 78) and Standard Care (SC) only (n = 72). Dyadic, infant and maternal outcomes were assessed at discharge, 18‐months and 4–5 years corrected age. The second,recruited 135 infants from two level 4 NICUs (FNI n = 66, SC n = 69) with similar outcomes assessed at discharge/term equivalent.ResultsRelative to SC, FNI infants showed improved development and relational health through 5 years. At term age, FNI infants had better autonomic regulation and more mature brain activity and cortical connectivity on EEG. FNI mothers also reported fewer anxiety and depression symptoms post‐discharge. At 18‐month, FNI infants obtained higher cognitive and language scores, and lower attention and social behaviour scores than SC infants.ConclusionsFNI improves the early life development and relational health of high‐risk preterm infants. Further research is important to assess its efficacy in other high‐risk populations and contexts.
The effectiveness and acceptability of formal versus informal mindfulness among university students with and without recent self‐injury: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Petrovic Julia , Mettler Jessica , Böke Bilun Naz , Rogers Maria A. , Hamza Chloe A. , Bloom Elana , Di Genova Lina , Romano Vera , Heath Nancy L. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMindfulness instruction comprising both formal (FM) and informal (IM) mindfulness practice is increasingly offered to university students. FM involves sustaining attention on thoughts, emotions and bodily sensations through structured practices, while IM involves incorporating mindfulness into daily activities. However, recent evidence suggests that FM may pose challenges for students with recent non‐suicidal self‐injury (NSSI), whereas the flexibility and brevity inherent in IM may be better tolerated. This randomized controlled trial compared a FM induction, IM induction and control task among university students with (n = 103) and without (n = 123) past‐year NSSI in terms of acceptability and pre‐post state mindfulness, stress and well‐being. Notably, results did not differ as a function of NSSI history. Two‐way ANOVAs revealed that only IM was consistently preferred over the control task. Furthermore, three‐way mixed ANOVAs revealed that—when assessed using brief Visual Analogue Scales—state well‐being increased in all conditions, state mindfulness increased after both IM and FM, and state stress only decreased after IM. Notably, these differences by condition appeared to be of short duration as they were not found with lengthier measures. Results highlight the potential promise of IM and the importance of measurement selection when assessing the transient effects of mindfulness inductions in research.
The horror of today and the terror of tomorrow: The role of future existential risks and present‐day political risks in climate activism
Authors: Uysal Mete Sefa , Martinez Nuria , Vestergren Sara 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn response to the urgent global climate crisis, climate activism has risen as a potent force. Decision‐making regarding climate collective action includes individuals' perceptions of the anticipated future existential risks of the climate crisis (risk of inaction) and present‐day political risks of climate activism (risk of action). Our research, spanning four studies (two correlational surveys and two pre‐registered experiments), focused on climate activism in Germany (N = 1027). We consistently showed that heightened politicized activist identification was associated with both confrontational and non‐confrontational climate collective action across four studies. Furthermore, the anticipated existential climate risk was associated with non‐confrontational climate action and present‐day political risk with confrontational action. Politicized climate identity remained a robust predictor across different action tactics, while the content and temporality of risk (future existential vs. present‐day political) in one's environment determined the transition between engagement in confrontational and non‐confrontational climate action dynamically. Nevertheless, we did not find causal links between risk perceptions and collective action. We discuss our findings in line with ESIM (Elaborated Social Identity Model), and potential explanations for the lack of causal relationship and future directions for alternative methodologies and comprehensive conceptualization of risk perceptions are suggested.