bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of electromyographic equipment on golf swing kinematics
Authors: Egret Claire , Weber Jacques , Dujardin Franck , Chollet Didier 
Published: October 2018

Background: EMG equipment is used to measure muscular activity during sports movements. A methodological study is hence necessary to identify how this cumbersome equipment may hinder golfers in performing the golf swing. Methods: Measurements of kinematic data during swing were conducted using an optoelectronic system. Surface bipolar electrodes with integrated preamplifiers were used to monitor the myoelectric signals during golf swing. Six experienced right-handed male golfers performed six swings with electromyographic equipment fixed on their body and six swings without electromyographic equipment. Results: There was a significant effect in terms of shoulder joint rotation at maximal backswing (7.7%), in the right elbow flexion at the address (3.7%), at the top of the backswing (3.1%) and in the clubhead speed(6.7%). Conclusions: EMG equipment influences the kinematic pattern of the golf swing.
Analysis of isokinetic parameters in the development of anterior knee pain syndrome: A prospective study in a military setting
Authors: Van Tiggelen Damien , Witvrouw Erik , Coorevits Pascal , Croisier Jean-Louis , Roget Philippe 
Published: October 2018

Objectives: To explore the role of muscular strength and imbalance as predisposing factors in the development of anterior knee pain syndrome(AKPS). Methods: 96 male military recruits without history of knee pain volunteered for the study. Each volunteer underwent an isokinetic test prior to the start of a strenuous training program (approximately 8 to 12 hours/day for 6 weeks). The isokinetic test consisted of concentric contractions of the knee flexors and extensors at 60°/s and 240°/s. A detailed history and clinical examination of the patellofemoral joint was performed on each recruit. Independent sample t-tests were used to compare the isokinetic muscle parameters in recruits who developed AKPS during the training (pathological group) and in those who did not (control group). Binary logistic regression analysis was used to define the predictive outcome of anthropometrics and the isokinetic parameters for the development of AKPS. Results: 31 recruits developed AKPS. Absolute and bodyweight normalized peak extensor torque at 60°/s was significantly lower in the pathological group in comparison to the control group. Significant lower peak torque/BMI (Body Mass Index) were also indicated at both velocities. Recruits who developed AKPS had a shorter stature. No regression model could be set up to give any predictive value to the analyzed parameters. Conclusions: Recruits with shorter stature and lower quadriceps strength are more prone to develop AKPS during BMT. However, as the etiology of AKPS is multifactorial these parameters alone may not suffice to predict the occurrence of this pathology. On the other hand, the results of this study emphasize the importance of the reinforcement of quadriceps strength in the treatment and prevention of AKPS.
Influence of different resistive training modalities on blood pressure and heart rate responses of healthy subjects
Authors: Lamotte M. , Strulens G. , Niset G. , van de Borne Ph. 
Published: October 2018

Background: Resistive training has been introduced in exercise programs to improve the results of traditional rehabilitation. Changes in blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) during resistive have mainly been measured out of the rehabilitation context, using discontinuous monitoring of BP, while exercising small muscular mass during isometric exercise or low intensity contraction. Method: The BP and HR responses to low, moderate and high intensity resistive training were continuously assessed in 21 healthy subjects. The total amount of work was the same for the three modalities, hence the number of repetition was inversely related to exercise intensity. Results: Blood pressure and HR increased from set 1 to set 3 for all 3 training modalities and were highest, intermediate and lowest during low, moderate and high intensity training respectively (all p<0.001). Conclusions: BP and HR changes during resistive training are related principally to exercise duration. Short sets using heavy weights is preferable to limit BP and HR rises.
Comparison of the roles of common constitutional and behavioural parameters in back performance estimates
Authors: Ropponen Annina 
Published: October 2018

Objective: To compare the associations between different physical activity histories and anthropometric measures in isokinetic lifting performance, isometric back extension endurance and psychophysical lifting tests. Background: The relative roles and interaction of these factors related to back function are largely unknown. Methods: The subjects consisted of a population-based sample of 210 working-age males. Paraspinal muscle cross-sectional areas were obtained by magnetic resonance imaging; anthropometric measures, isokinetic and psychophysical lifting capacity, and isometric back extension endurance tests were performed and current and physical activity histories and occupational loading were enquired by structured interview. Stepwise multiple regression analyses were used to study the associations. Results: Lean body weight, body weight and sum of the paraspinal muscle CSAs at L3-L4 level predicted the highest amount of the variance(R $^2$ =10–25%) and the different models of anthropometric measures and physical activity 7–33% of the variance in the back function tests. Conclusions: The models of physical activity and anthropometric measures or their combination predicted isokinetic lifting performances weakly and other back function test results even worse. As a single predictive factor, lean body weight showed weak ability to predict isokinetic lifting performances. Collecting current or past data of physical activity parameters does not add anything for predicting back function.
Five-repetition sit-to-stand test performance by community-dwelling adults: A preliminary investigation of times, determinants, and relationship with self-reported physical performance
Authors: Bohannon Richard W. , Shove Megan E. , Barreca Susan R. , Masters Lisa M. , Sigouin Christopher S. 
Published: October 2018

The 5-repetition sit-to-stand (STS) test is a widely used, but insufficiently evaluated, test for lower limb strength. We therefore described STS test times for a sample of community-dwelling adults, examined the association of age, gender, height, weight, and body mass index (BMI) with STS time, and determined the relationship of STS time with self-reported physical functioning. Ninety-four community dwelling adults participated. Repeated measures of STS time were reliable (intraclass correlation coefficient =0.957). The mean STS time for all 94 subjects was 7.6 seconds. Age, weight, and BMI were (r=0.281–0.528), but gender and height were not(r=−0.074–0.007), correlated significantly with STS time. Regression analysis showed that age and BMI explained 43.7 percent of the variance in STS time. The correlation between STS time and physical functioning r=−0.474) was significant (p<0.001). Regression analysis showed that age and BMI added slightly to the explanation of variance in physical functioning provided by STS time. In conclusion, this study provides STS times that might be useful for interpreting performance of adults screened with the test. Such performance should be considered in light of age and BMI. The relationship of STS time with physical functioning provides evidence of the validity of the measure.
Measurement of the effect of hamstring muscle force on knee cruciate ligament loading patterns during simulated extension motions: An in vitro study
Authors: Ostermeier Sven , Stein Christian , Hurschler Christof , Windhagen Henning , Stukenborg-Colsman Christina 
Published: October 2018

Background: The objective of this study was to investigate dynamically the load on the cruciate ligaments and the effect of simulated co-contraction of the hamstrings muscles on quadriceps force and load on the cruciate ligaments. Methods: Load transducers were fixed in the fibers of the anterior and posterior cruciate ligament of seven knee specimens. Isokinetic extension motions applying an extension moment of 31 Nm, representing an extension moment capable by healthy human volunteers in isokinetic extension tests, were simulated in a knee simulator from 120° to full knee extension. Quadriceps force and load on the cruciate ligaments were measured in the absence and presence of a 200 N hamstrings co-contraction. Results: Quadriceps force significantly (p=0.04) increased under the application of hamstrings co-contraction. Anterior cruciate ligament load significantly increased below 20° knee flexion up to 161 N and was significantly (p=0.04) reduced to 29 N under hamstrings co-contraction at full knee extension. Posterior cruciate ligament load without hamstrings co-contraction showed a maximum load at 112° knee flexion of 38 N, reducing to knee extension and was not significantly increased(p=0.20) under hamstrings co-contraction, showing a maximum load of 66 N near knee flexion. Conclusions: This dynamic in vitro study revealed the dependency of anterior cruciate ligament load on knee flexion angle during an isokinetic extension cycle. With a co-contraction of hamstring muscles the peak load on the anterior cruciate ligament was significantly decreased in knee extension with a non significant concomitant increase of posterior cruciate load at knee flexion. These findings have implications for graft donor site selection and postoperative rehabilitation, e.g. after anterior cruciate ligament reconstructions.
Effect of the chronically unstable ankle on knee joint position sense
Authors: Tsiganos G. , Kalamvoki E. , Smirniotis J. 
Published: October 2018

Purpose: to determine whether subjects with chronic ankle instability (CAI) suffer proprioceptive deficits (joint position sense) in the proximal joint (knee) of the injured ankle. Methods: Fourteen subjects with unilateral CAI and 14 healthy controls participated in this study. We tested knee joint position sense using an isokinetic dynamometer. Knee joint position testing was carried out at 30°, 45° and 70° knee flexion. The difference between perceived angle and actual angle was recorded as the error. Results: Mean value of error was statistically significant in subjects with CAI compared with control subjects (30° p< 0.001, 45° p< 0.023 and 70° p< 0.050). Mean error value at 30° was also statistically greater than mean error value at 70° (p< 0.015). Conclusions: Changes in knee joint position sense in subjects with CAI suggest further emphasis on assessment of the joint proximal to the level of injury and subsequent planning of a rehabilitation program. Further research is required to determine the exact contributions to knee joint proprioception.
Bilateral deficits in muscle contraction parameters during shoulder scaption in patients with unilateral subacromial impingement syndrome
Authors: Camargo Paula R. , Haik Melina N. , Filho Raul B. , Mattiello-Rosa Stela M.G. , Salvini Tania F. 
Published: October 2018

Objective: To evaluate muscle contraction parameters during scaption of the shoulder in patients with subacromial impingement syndrome (SIS). Method: Thirty-three male subjects were evaluated. The impingement group consisted of 17 assembly line workers (31.6 ± 6.4 years) with unilateral SIS. The control group consisted of 16 healthy and active subjects (29.5 ± 6.2 years). Acceleration time, time to peak torque, peak torque, total work and power were measured bilaterally during isokinetic concentric scaption, at 60°/s and 180°/s. Results: None of the isokinetic parameters differed bilaterally in the SIS group but compared to the control group showed impaired muscle activity in all parameters at both speeds (P< 0.05). Conclusions: Muscle contraction parameters are altered in both involved and uninvolved shoulders during scaption in patients with SIS.
The impact of resistive exercise training on the relationship between anthropometry and jump-based power indices
Authors: Caruso John F. , Coday Michael A. , Ramsey Charles A. , McLagan Jessica R. 
Published: October 2018

Objective: To examine the impact resistive exercise (RE) training has on the ability of anthropometry to predict power output from jump tests. Methods: With a matched-pairs design, subjects (n = 19) were assigned to six weeks of leg and calf press workouts. With no crossover, subjects either performed RE on a traditional seated leg press device to which free weights (FW) were added, or on a flywheel ergometer (FERG). Before and after the intervention, subjects performed jump-based tests and were measured for anthropometric dimensions. Tests included a standing vertical jump, a repetitive four-jump protocol, and a depth jump from a platform; power outputs from each were calculated. Results: The six-week intervention weakened the correlation between anthropometry and jump-based power indices from FERG workouts, while the opposite was true for the FW group. Conclusions: While several reasons may have led to the stark group differences in the ability to account for jump-based power variance, the two most important factors appear to be the degree of workout progression and the rate RE repetitions were performed. FW subjects incurred significantly greater strength gains, as evidenced by the degree of workout progression over the intervention, versus the FERG group. The manner in which the devices operated permitted FW repetitions to occur at faster rates and was more movement-specific to jump-based tests. Thus anthropometry increased the degree of explained variance in jump-based power indices from FW workouts at the conclusion of the six-week intervention.
The effect of a calisthenic exercise bout on oxidant and antioxidant status in middle-aged and postmenopausal women
Authors: Karacan Selma , Cetin Ferihan , Colakoglu F. Filiz 
Published: October 2018

Exercise increases the generation of oxygen free radicals and lipid peroxidation. The aim of this study was to investigate the oxidant and antioxidant status in sedentary middle-aged (36.8 ± 5.4 years, n=20) and postmenopausal women (51.4 ± 3.3 years, n=11) before and after acute calisthenic exercise. Both subject groups performed an acute calisthenic exercise for 55 minutes. The intensity of the exercise was 60–70% of maximal heart rate, as determined by Karvonen et al. Plasma malondialdehyde(MDA), gluathione (GSH), ascorbic acid (AA) and nitric oxide (NOx) levels were determined spectrophotometrically. The postmenopausal group's pre-exercise MDA levels were high and GSH levels were low, compared with those of the middle aged group. This result indicated increased lipid peroxidation after menopause. In both groups, plasma MDA levels and NOx levels increased and plasma AA levels decreased following calisthenic exercise. The present study indicates for the first time that plasma MDA levels increase significantly after a bout of acute calisthenic exercise, involving all large muscle groups at 60–70% of maximal heart rate while plasma AA levels decrease concurrently. These effects may be due to increased lipid peroxidation in both middle aged and postmenopausal women. The finding of low plasma GSH levels and high plasma MDA levels in the postmenopausal group suggests the possible development of a disturbance in the oxidant and antioxidant status after menopause. Reduced levels of AA following acute calisthenic exercise might indicate the consumption of plasma antioxidants protecting the plasma lipids against the damage of lipid peroxidation.
Reproducibility of concentric isokinetic and isometric strength measurements at the hip in patients with hip osteoarthritis: A preliminary study
Authors: Steinhilber Benjamin , Haupt Georg , Boeer Johannes , Grau Stefan , Krauss Inga 
Published: October 2018

To determine the reproducibility of isokinetic and isometric hip flexion, extension, abduction and adduction strength scores in patients with hip osteoarthritis (N=16) and healthy subjects, testing was conducted twice 7 days apart. The patient group (PG) consisted of 16 subjects with unilateral or bilateral osteoarthritis of the hip (11 women, 5 men; age 56–75y). The control group (CG) included 13 age-matched healthy subjects (9 women, 4 men; age 54–73y). The standard error of measurement (SEM) served as the reproducibility outcome parameter. The highest SEM values were obtained for hip extension measurements (15.4–16.7 Nm), followed by hip adduction (7.9–11.8 Nm) and hip flexion measurements (5.2–7.5 Nm). The smallest values were quantified for hip abduction measurements (4.7–7.7 Nm). PG showed larger values in all isometric measures except for hip extension and isokinetic hip abduction. When the 95% confidence interval is incorporated, these SEMs become significant. Thus clinicians should be aware of the large measurement error in patients with hip OA. Adequate preparations and firm fixation of the pelvis are key elements to achieve reproducible results.
The effect of early isometric exercises on clinical and neurophysiological parameters in patients with sciatica: An interventional randomized single-blinded study
Authors: Huber Juliusz , Lisiński Przemysław , Samborski Włodzimierz , Wytrążek Marcin 
Published: October 2018

Objective: To determine the effects of early introduction of isometric exercises on pain intensity and trunk and lower extremity muscles strength in patients with sciatica. Methods: Fifty two patients treated for disc herniation with sciatica were included in this randomized controlled single-blinded study. They were examined twice, before and after twenty days of rehabilitation, with neuroimaging, visual analog scale (VAS), straight leg rising test (SLR), range of spine movement in a saggital plane, muscle strength, electromyography (EMG), electroneurography (ENG) and intensity of current vs stimulus duration tests(IC-SD). Twenty-six patients, selected randomly, were ordered to reduce the physical activity and frequent loading of the spine (conventional [C] group) while 26 patients underwent a program of supervised isometric exercises(intervention [I] group). A control group of healthy subjects performed once the same examination. Results: Following treatment the muscle strength and flexibility of the spine showed significant (P< 0.05) improvement in I group with a significantly lower pain level and number of positive SLR tests. The same tests performed in C group indicated no parallel improvement. EMG Parameters increased in almost all muscles, but only in the I group were they associated with simultaneous improvement in ENG examinations of peroneal nerves. Conclusion: Early introduction of isometric exercises, 14 days after the incidence, is a relevant choice in cases of patients with sciatica caused by the disc herniation.
Relationship between time to peak torque of hamstrings and sprint running performance
Authors: Bračič Mitja , Hadžič Vedran , Čoh Milan , Derviševič Edvin 
Published: October 2018

Background: Previous studies have investigated the role of hamstrings and quadriceps absolute and/or relative peak torque at high concentric velocities (240° and 300°/sec) and sprint performance but their findings were inconclusive. However, no study so far has investigated the relationship between time to peak torque (TPT) of hamstrings and quadriceps at high concentric velocity and sprint ability. This parameter may play and important role in sprinting, as it is one of the indicators of the explosive muscular strength that is crucial for sprinting performance. Method: Thirty six healthy physical education students without previous injury voluntarily participated in investigation. The measurements of the sprint times at 5, 10 and 20 meters were carried out using an infrared photocell. Quadriceps and hamstrings strength was tested concentrically at 240°/sec using Biodex System 3 dynamometer. Linear regression was used to evaluate the influence of hamstrings and quadriceps relative strength and TPT on sprint times at 5, 10 and 20 meters. Results. Hamstrings' TPT significantly predicted the sprint times at 5, 10 and 20 meters (p values were 0.001, 0.004 and 0.008, respectively). At 5, 10 and 20 meters the model was significant (F=7.12, p<0.01; F=5.31, p< 0.05; F=4.07, p<0.05, respectively) while R square values were 0.31, 0.26, and 0.21, respectively. Subjects with hamstrings TPT below 200 ms had significantly shorter sprint times at all sprint distances in comparison with subjects whose hamstrings TPT was above 200 ms. Quadriceps' TPT was not correlated with sprint times. Conclusion: The ability of the hamstrings to produce torque quickly can significantly influence the sprint times at 20 m sprint. Most of this effect is seen in the initial acceleration phase (first 5 m) while later on (at 10 and 20 m) this influence slightly decreases but remains significant. It seems that not only the absolute amount of strength, but also the rate of strength development within the muscle can influence the sprint times.
The functional evaluation of lower limb symmetry in a group of young elite judo and wrestling athletes
Authors: Stradijot Fulvio , Pittorru Gian Mario , Pinna Marco 
Published: October 2018

Introduction: This project proposes the inclusion of functional assessment as an essential branch of a training program applied to a group of young elite judo and wrestling athletes to investigate for possible asymmetries of lower limbs, a potential cause for future injuries. Methods: A group of young male elite Sardinian judo and wrestling athletes was randomly selected and were functionally evaluated with three different tests. Strength and balance abilities were measured while muscle power was assessed by measuring jump height, flight time and maximum contraction speed. Subjects were compared according to their right and left leg performance. Results: Generally, no significant bilateral difference were indicated for any of the applied tests, between right and left legs in all considered parameters concerning the three utilized tests, with the exception of peak torque values of the knee extensors. Conclusion: This study indicates that judokas are distinguished by general bilateral symmetry in certain functions. This should serve as an important guideline for both clinicians and coaches.
Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Melalui Pembentukan Posdaya Desa Sudimoro Kabupaten Jombang
Authors: Raikhani Agus , Sari Linda Ratna , Fahmi Agus 
Published: October 2018

Pemberdayaan melalaui Posdaya dilakukan untuk membantu masyarakat dalam upaya meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat untuk bekerjasama satu sama lain. Posdaya adalah forum, wadah atau sarana bagi keluarga untuk mengembangkan diri di bidang kesehatan, pendidikan dan ketahanan sosial dan ekonomi serta lingkungan bagi seluruh anggotanya melalui gotong royong atau kerjasama dalam kelompok/masyarakat. Pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk memberdayakan masyarakat melalui pembentukan Posdaya dengan harapan setelah terbentuknya Posdaya di desa , maka akan memotivasi masyarakat desa Sudimoro untuk mengembangkan diri secara mandiri sehingga tercapai kondisi masyarakat yang dinamis, gotong royong dan meningkat pendapatan maup[un kesehatanya. Lokasi pengabdin masyarakat berada di desa Sudimoro kabupaten Jombang. Hasil Pengabdian adalah terbentuknya kelembagaan Posdaya (dibuktikan dengan SK pembentukan Posdaya, plang nama Posdaya, struktur organisasi, dan profil Posdaya). Terdapatnya program penguatan dan pendampingan Posdaya untuk bidang (Posyandu, Kesehatan, Ekonomi, Lingkungan Hidup, dan Keagamaan. Terbentuknya Posdaya Kenanga yang membidangi : Pendidikan, Kesehatan, Wirausaha/Ekonomi/Koperasi, Lingkungan Hidup, Keagamaan dan Budaya, tersusunnya pengurus-pengurus Posdaya yang semua anggotanya adalah masyarakat sekitar. Terbitnya Surat Keputusan atas terbentuknya Posdaya yang ditanda tangani oleh Kepala Desa Sudimoro merupakan landasan bagi kelangsungan Posdaya di Desa Sudimoro.