bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Natural locations and the distinction between ‘what’ and ‘where’ concepts: Evidence from differential locative marking in Makalero
Authors: Huber Juliette 
Published: June 2018

AbstractDifferential locative marking is found in languages all over the world. Toponyms, in particular, are well known to often require less locative marking than other types of nouns, and it has been suggested that they express ‘where’ concepts. This paper presents a case study of differential locative marking in Makalero, a Papuan language of East Timor, where nouns fall into three categories: those which need no overt locative marking, i.e., can be zero-marked; those which are used with a semantically general locative verb; and those which can only be used with semantically specific locative verbs. Zero-marking of spatial relations occurs only in a specific construction where the nouns in question are used predicatively, suggesting that the syntactic equivalent of the ‘where’ category is a relational expression, not a noun. There is furthermore a certain degree of flexibility in Makalero locative constructions, and alternative expressions result in predictable semantic differences. These differences show that the lack of perceptual boundaries and of an internal structure are important parameters that distinguish the referents of so-called natural location nouns from nouns which denote ‘what’ concepts. More comparative case studies are needed to enrich our understanding of these notions and the properties characterizing them.
(K)eine Frage der Religion?
Authors: Leszczensky Lars 
Published: June 2018

Zusammenfassung
Beeinflusst Religion die soziale Integration von Migranten? Obwohl diese Frage wichtiger denn je ist, mangelt es an belastbaren Befunden. Im vorliegenden Beitrag argumentiere ich, dass Religion die Entwicklung enger, freundschaftlicher Kontakte zu Deutschen, nicht jedoch die allgemeine Kontakthäufigkeit beeinflusst. Mit Längsschnittdaten des SCIP-Projekts zeige ich, dass die Entwicklung allgemeiner interethnischer Kontakte für christliche und muslimische Neuzuwanderer parallel verläuft. Im Gegensatz dazu nehmen enge Kontakte mit steigender Aufenthaltsdauer nur zwischen christlichen Zuwanderern und Deutschen zu, wohingegen sie für Muslime auf geringem Niveau stagnieren. In Folge dieser unterschiedlichen Verläufe bestehen nach drei Jahren Aufenthalt trotz anfänglich ähnlich gering ausgeprägtem engem Kontakt mit Deutschen substanzielle Unterschiede zwischen christlichen und muslimischen Neuzuwanderern. Diese Unterschiede sind nicht auf individuelle Religiosität, Sprachfähigkeiten und Erwerbstätigkeit zurückzuführen.
Protease-mediated Inflammation: An In Vitro Human Keratinocyte-based Screening Tool for Anti-inflammatory Drug Nanocarrier Systems
Authors: Frombach Janna , Lohan Silke B. , Lemm Davina , Gruner Paul , Hasler Julia , Ahlberg Sebastian , Blume-Peytavi Ulrike , Unbehauen Michael , Haag Rainer , Meinke Martina C. , Vogt Annika 
Published: June 2018

Abstract

Background:
Refined encapsulation approaches in dermatotherapy gain increased interest. There is need of reproducible in vitro systems representing disease features to screen drug delivery systems for preclinical assessment. Inflammatory human skin diseases are commonly accompanied by abnormal epidermal differentiation and barrier impairment. Serine proteases (SPs) and their inhibitors play a critical role in such dysfunctional differentiation. SPs also initiate cellular pathways via activation of protease-activated receptors, which contribute to inflammation. Thus, function and activity of SPs should be considered for the design of new therapies of such disorders.

Objectives:
Herein, we established a novel simplified cell culture model, based on SP-mediated inflammation suitable to assess nanocarriers loaded with anti-inflammatory drugs.

Methods:
SP-mediated inflammation and the regulatory effect of free or encapsulated dexamethasone were determined by measuring interleukin-6 and interleukin-8 in culture medium of HaCaT (human adult low calcium temperature)-keratinocytes. Additionally, radical formation was analyzed by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy. Cellular uptake of core-multishell nanocarriers was investigated by fluorescence microscopy. Cytotoxicity of all additives was determined by a viability assay.

Results:
SP-Stimulation of keratinocytes resulted in increased radical production and release of inflammatory cytokines without affecting cell viability. Induced inflammation was successfully downregulated by addition of free or encapsulated dexamethasone.

Conclusion:
SP-addition can be used as inflammatory stimulus in cell culture to mimic effects of aberrant enzymatic activities found in skin of atopic dermatitis patients. The set-up is appropriate as a preliminary test to examine the effectiveness of new molecules or delivery-systems to counteract serine protease-mediated inflammatory processes prior to skin studies.
El tratamiento periodístico del partido político Podemos en El País y Público: un análisis desde la teoría del framing
Authors: Peris Vidal Manuel 
Published: June 2018

La irrupción de Podemos en el panorama político español en el año 2014 supuso una gran revolución en el sistema tradicional de partidos, puesto que esta formación recogió gran parte del voto de la ciudadanía descontenta con los recortes presupuestarios y con la extensión de la corrupción política durante la última década. Debido a que Podemos se ha convertido en una amenaza para PP y PSOE, las críticas de algunos medios de comunicación hacia este partido han ido en aumento. Sin embargo, también se ha producido el apoyo incondicional a dicho partido por parte de otros medios. Como consecuencia, hemos creído necesario llevar a cabo, desde la teoría del framing, y a través del análisis de contenido, un examen del enfoque dado por los diarios El País y Público a las noticias sobre Podemos en noviembre de 2016. Nos ha parecido relevante el análisis del tratamiento periodístico de ciertos aspectos que caracterizan el discurso del secretario general de la formación, Pablo Iglesias, como la identificación de Podemos con el pueblo o la descalificación sistemática de todo aquel que se muestre crítico con su partido.
Physiological Responses to Swimming Repetitive “Ice Miles”
Authors: Knechtle Beat , Stjepanovic Mirko , Knechtle Celina , Rosemann Thomas , Sousa Caio V. , Nikolaidis Pantelis T. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Knechtle, B, Stjepanovic, M, Knechtle, C, Rosemann, T, Sousa, CV, and Nikolaidis, PT. Physiological responses to swimming repetitive “Ice Miles.” J Strength Cond Res 35(2): 487–494, 2021—“Ice Mile” swimming (i.e., 1,608 m in water of below 5° C) is becoming increasingly popular. Since the foundation of the International Ice Swimming Association (IISA) in 2009, official races are held as World Cup Races and World Championships. Ice swimming was a demonstration sport at the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi, Russia. This case study aimed to identify core body temperature and selected hematological and biochemical parameters before and after repeated “Ice Miles.” An experienced ice swimmer completed 6 consecutive Ice Miles within 2 days. Three Ice Miles adhered to the strict criteria for the definition of Ice Miles, whereas the other 3 were very close (i.e., 5.2, 6.1, and 6.6° C) to the temperature limit. Swimming times, changes in core body temperatures, and selected urinary and hematological parameters were recorded. The athlete showed after each Ice Mile a metabolic acidosis (i.e., an increase in lactate and TCO2; a decrease in base excess and HCO3
−) and an increase in blood glucose, cortisol, and creatine kinase concentration. The decrease in pH correlated significantly and negatively with the increase in cortisol level, indicating that this intense exercise causes a metabolic stress. The change in core body temperature between start and finish was negatively associated with metabolic acidosis. The increase in creatine kinase suggests skeletal muscle damages due to shivering after an Ice Mile. For athletes and coaches, swimming in cold water during Ice Miles leads to a metabolic acidosis, which the swimmer tries to compensate with a respiratory response. Considering the increasing popularity of ice swimming, the findings have practical value for swimmers and practitioners (e.g., coaches, exercise physiologists, and physicians) working with them because our results provide a detailed description of acute physiological responses to repeated swimming in cold conditions. These findings are of importance for athletes and coaches for National Championships and World Championships in Ice Swimming following the IISA rules.
EU-Beihilfenrecht und sog. Defizitausgleiche zugunsten öffentlicher Krankenhäuser
Authors: Cremer Wolfram 
Published: June 2018

Zusammenfassung
Der in der EU und nicht zuletzt in Deutschland weit verbreitete und unter Verwendung öffentlicher Mittel geleistete Ausgleich von Defiziten, welche in öffentlichen Krankenhäusern auflaufen (sog. Defizitausgleich) ist seit ca. 15 Jahren Gegenstand einer EU-beihilfenrechtlichen Kontroverse. Gefordert wird im Anschluss an das unionsrechtliche Beihilfenverbot des Art. 107 Abs. 1 AEUV teils nicht weniger als die Schließung sämtlicher (strukturell resp. fortwährend) defizitärer öffentlicher Krankenhäuser. Freilich fehlten lange Zeit thematisch einschlägige gerichtliche Stellungnahmen. Dies hat sich in Gestalt von Entscheidungen des EuG aus dem Jahre 2012 und des BGH (und des OLG Stuttgart) aus dem Jahre 2016 geändert. Freilich sind die Judikate nicht leicht zu dechiffrieren. Vor diesem Hintergrund wagt der vorliegende Beitrag einen systematisch angelegten Entschlüsselungsversuch und entwickelt zugleich − unter Rückbesinnung auf beihilfenrechtliche Grundlagen – rechtsdogmatisch begründete Alternativangebote. In diesem Zusammenhang wird auch herausgearbeitet, dass ein (partieller) Abschied von der Altmark-Rechtsprechung des EuGH zu Dienstleistungen von allgemeinem wirtschaftlichem Interesse beihilfenrechtlich angezeigt und in den Judikaten von EuG und BGH stillschweigend mitgedacht ist.
Neonatal Circumcision and Urinary Tract Infections in Infants With Hydronephrosis
Authors: Ellison Jonathan S. , Dy Geolani W. , Fu Benjamin C. , Holt Sarah K. , Gore John L. , Merguerian Paul A. 
Published: June 2018

BACKGROUND:
Boys with urinary tract abnormalities may derive a greater benefit from newborn circumcision for prevention of urinary tract infection (UTI) than the general population. However, the effect of newborn circumcision on UTI is not well characterized across the etiological spectrum of hydronephrosis. We hypothesized that boys with an early diagnosis of hydronephrosis who undergo newborn circumcision will have reduced rates of UTI.

METHODS:
The MarketScan data set, an employer-based claims database, was used to identify boys with hydronephrosis or hydronephrosis-related diagnoses within the first 30 days of life. The primary outcome was the rate of UTIs within the first year of life, comparing circumcised boys with uncircumcised boys and adjusting for region, insurance type, year of birth, and infant comorbidity.

RESULTS:
A total of 5561 boys met inclusion criteria, including 2386 (42.9%) undergoing newborn circumcision and 3175 (57.1%) uncircumcised boys. On multivariate analysis, circumcision was associated with a decreased risk of UTI in both boys with hydronephrosis and healthy cohorts: odds ratio (OR) 0.36 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.29–0.44) and OR 0.32 (95% CI 0.21–0.48), respectively. To prevent 1 UTI, 10 patients with hydronephrosis would have to undergo circumcision compared with 83 healthy boys. Among specific hydronephrosis diagnoses, circumcision was associated with a reduced risk of UTI for those with isolated hydronephrosis (OR 0.35 [95% CI 0.26–0.46]), vesicoureteral reflux (OR 0.35 [95% CI 0.23–0.54]), and ureteropelvic junction obstruction (OR 0.35 [95% CI 0.20–0.61]).

CONCLUSIONS:
Newborn circumcision is associated with a significantly lower rate of UTI among infant boys with hydronephrosis.
Factors Associated with the Decline in HIV and AIDS Prevalence Rate in Volta Region of Ghana
Authors: Tsorhe Bismark , Sorkpor Richmond Stephen , Nyavor Lawson 
Published: June 2018

The research aims at finding out factors that contributed to the decline in HIV and AIDS prevalence rate in the Volta Region of Ghana from 2006 to 2008. Three research questions were asked to guide the review of related literature on the above–mentioned research topic.Simple random sampling was used to select 10 hospitals in the region for the study. Simple random sampling technique was used to select 250 respondents, thus 25 from each of the hospitals sampled. Questionnaire was the main instrument for data collection which consisted of 30 close ended items.
The study revealed that in the opinion of 82.7% of health and medical personnel who responded to the questionnaire indicated that behaviour change contributed highly to the decline of HIV and AIDS prevalence rate in the Volta Region. Also, 84.4% and of 99.6% of the respondents agreed that specific HIV and AIDS interventions and HIV and AIDS education respectively contributed highly to the reduction in HIV prevalence rate in the Volta Region.
The recommendations made were that the government and non-governmental organizations must intensify their strategies that are geared towards the behavior change of their members. They must also carry out specific intervention strategies to curb HIV and AIDS menace.
CERTIFICAÇÃO DE CRÉDITO DE CARBONO NA SILVICULTURA DE ESPÉCIES EXÓTICAS E O PARADOXO DO POLUIDOR-CREDOR
Authors: Coelho Saulo de Oliviera Pinto , Silva Tiago Ducatti de Oliveira 
Published: June 2018

O presente trabalho se propõe a analisar a possibilidade de certificação das atividades de projeto florestais que empregam espécies exóticas e construir parâmetros para uma interpretação ecologicamente adequada para os possíveis conflitos que surjam entre as normativas nacionais e internacionais a esse respeito, bem como objetiva refletir criticamente, a partir dessa análise, sobre os aspectos paradoxais do modelo regulador atual, notadamente quanto à possibilidade de, em algumas situações, a silvicultura com espécies exóticas, ao mesmo tempo que possa ser considerada atividade poluidora ou potencialmente poluidora, possa ser igualmente credenciada como geradora de crédito de carbono, gerando um contrassenso na experiência jurídica brasileira. Adotou-se uma abordagem metodológica do direito como experiência, que, portando, busca superar a analise puramente abstrata do fenômeno jurídico. Recorreu-se à realização de análises qualitativas de vertente teórico-dogmática. A partir de referenciais teóricos como os conceitos de constitucionalismo sustentável, ou de desenvolvimento sustentável constitucionalmente adequado; a perspectiva do desenvolvimento crítico-inclusivo e a crítica às patologias do desenvolvimento e do desenvolvimento mimético, buscou-se confrontar as diferentes perspectivas de interação dos padrões normativos internacionais com a regulação ambiental nacional, bem como os controles de constitucionalidade interespacial e de convencionalidade suscitáveis quanto ao tema, notadamente com foco na avaliação do (des)respeito aos princípios constitucionais ambientais, nos modelos regulatórios empregados
PENGEMBANGAN JURUSAN/PROGRAM STUDI DALAM PERSPEKTIF UNIVERSITAS ISLAM NEGERI (UIN)
Authors: Muhaimin Muhaimin 
Published: June 2018

<p>Islamic education is an effort to develop an Islamic view of life, to be manifested in life and life skills (manual and mental-social) in harmony with their interests, talents, abilities and areas of expertise. the development of STAIN towards UIN seeks to capture ibrah, values, attitudes and ways of thinking and behaving scholars (scientists) in the classical period mentioned above, because it is considered capable of facing increasing and complicated challenges, caused by the rapid progress of science and technology . As an implication, the Islamic education system built and developed through UIN is expected to produce a rational and professional cleric; broad-minded; virtuous noble character; his knowledge is not limited to "religious science" alone, but also includes "general science"; and able to stand alone (independent). Challenges to be anticipated by future UIN leaders, as well as the managers and developers of departments /courses in it, not to get caught up in the "ka 'adamihi" (presence as absence) in the midst of the struggles and competitions among the various the surrounding college.</p><p> </p><p>Pendidikan Islam adalah suatu upaya pengembangan pandangan hidup yang Islami, untuk dimanifestasikan dalam sikap hidup dan keterampilan hidupnya (manual maupun mental-sosial) selaras dengan minat, bakat, kemampuan dan bidang keahliannya masing-masing. pengembangan STAIN menuju ke UIN berusaha menangkap ibrah, nilai-nilai, sikap dan cara berfikir dan berperilaku ulama (ilmuwan) pada periode klasik tersebut di atas, karena hal itu dianggap mampu menghadapi tantangan yang makin banyak dan ruwet, yang ditimbulkan oleh kemajuan iptek yang pesat. Sebagai implikasinya, sistem pendidikan Islam yang dibangun dan dikembangkan lewat UIN diharapkan mampu menghasilkan ulama yang bersikap rasional dan profesional; berpandangan luas; berbudi pekerti luhur; pengetahuannya tidak terbatas pada "ilmu keagamaan" saja, tetapi juga mencakup "ilmu pengetahuan umum"; serta mampu berdiri sendiri (mandiri). Tantangan yang perlu diantisipasi oleh para pirnpinan UIN masa depan, serta para pengelola dan pengembang jurusan/ program studi yang ada di dalamnya, untuk tidak terjebak pada "wujuduhu ka 'adamihi" (adanya bagaikan tidak adanya) di tengah-tengah pergumulan dan kompetisi antar berbagai perguruan tinggi yang ada di sekitarnya.</p><p> </p>
TRADISI ARAB DI MASA NABI: dalam Perspective Teori Change and Continuity
Authors: Wargadinata Wildana 
Published: June 2018

<p>The interesting attraction between local traditions and Islamic teachings has occurred since the earliest period in the history of Islamic civilization. The teachings of Islam, born as the most spectacular social revolution of the Middle Ages, still provide a loose space for local tradition. This kind of phenomenon becomes a study in writing about the Arab tradition in the time of prophethood. In the theory of Change and Continuity can be seen the element of very high flexibility in Islamic teachings. Elements are very important in the course of the development of Islamic da'wah in the future. The success of the spread of Islam can not be separated from this element. This does not mean that Islam has no identity. Islam in addition to having an element of flexibility also has a device of eternality. There is a central teaching that becomes the core of his teaching can not be mixed or modified.</p><p> </p><p>Tarik menarik antara tradisi lokal dengan ajaran Islam telah terjadi sejak masa yang paling dini dalam sejarah peradaban Islam. Ajaran Islam yang lahir sebagai sebagai revolusi sosial yang paling spektatuler pada abad pertengahan temyata masih memberi ruang gerak yang longgar pada tradisi lokal. Fenomena semacam inilah menjadi kajian dalam tulisan tentang tradisi Arab pada masa kenabian. Dalam teori Change and Continuity dapat dilihat adanya unsur fleksibilitas yang sangat tinggi dalam ajaran Islam. Unsur sangat penting dalam perjalanan perkembangan dakwah Islam ke depan. Keberhasilan penyebaran Islam tidak terlepas dari unsur ini. Hal ini tidak berarti Islam tidak memiliki jati diri. Islam di samping memiliki unsur fleksibilitas juga memiliki perangkat eternalitas. Ada ajaran pokok yang menjadi inti ajarannya tidak bisa dicampur aduk atau dimodifikasi.</p>
KEPEMIMPINAN KEPALA SEKOLAH BERWAWASAN VISIONER-TRANSFORMATIF DALAM OTONOMI PENDIDIKAN
Authors: Rasmianto Rasmianto 
Published: June 2018

<div>Leadership of the principal has an active role in improving the quality of education so that he is required to have good leadership skills Because good school leadership is capable and able to manage all educational resources to achieve educational goals both in terms of learning and human resource development. So that the principal is also required to be able to create a good organizational climate so that all components of the school can portray themselves together to achieve the goals and objectives of the school organization. The principal must be able to provide the role of an inspiring, inspiratory, participatory, and motivator to teachers, students and employees to create synergicity to improve the institution's performance in achieving the expected goals and objectives</div><div> </div><div> </div>Kepemimpinan kepala sekolah mempunyai peran aktif dalam meningakatkan kualitas pendidikan sehingga ia diharuskan memiliki kemampuan memimpin yang baik Sebab, kepemimpinan sekolah yang baik adalah yang mampu dan dapat mengelola semua sumber daya pendidikan untuk mencapai tujuan pendidikan baik dari sisi pembelajaran maupun pengembangan sumber daya manusia. Sehingga kepala sekolah juga dituntut untuk mampu menciptakan iklim organisasi yang baik agar semua komponen sekolah dapat memerankan diri secara bersama untuk mencapai sasaran dan tujuan organisasi sekolah. Kepala sekolah harus mampu memberikan peran sebagai seorang insiator, inspiratosr, partisipator, dan motivator kepada guru, siswa, dan karyawan untuk sama-sama menciptakan sinergisitas untuk meningkatkan kinerja lembaga dalam mencapai tujuan dan sasaran yang diharapkan
HUBUNGAN DZIKIR DENGAN KONTROL DIRI PADA MANULA
Authors: Aziz Rahmat , Hotifah Yuliati 
Published: June 2018

<p>Among the various developmental tasks traversed by individuals, old age is a difficult time. In general, the elderly have problems in terms of adjustment, this is due to a variety of changes both physical and psychological accompanying age, but it is also caused by various changes in the status that arose in those days. The three changes of regression experienced by the elderly are physical, mental and social changes. This change will result in the ability to control itself. Dhikr as one form of therapy in Islam is considered capable of affecting self-control in the elderly. Based on these findings, it is recommended for the general public to pay attention to the elderly as they are vulnerable to experiencing periods of regression in their lives. One of the efforts that needs to be done is by giving the opportunity to do dzikr.</p><p> </p><p>Diantara berbagai tugas perkembangan yang dilalui oleh individu, masa usia lanjut merupakan masa yang sulit. Pada umumnya para usia lanjut mempunyai masalah dalam hal penyesuaian diri, hal ini disebabkan adanya berbagai perubahan baik fisik maupun psikis yang menyertai pertambahan usia, selain itu juga diakibatkan oleh berbagai perubahan dalam status yang timbul pada masa itu. Tiga perubahan regresi yang dialami oleh manula adalah adanya perubahan fisik, mental dan sosial. Perubahan ini akan berakibat pada kemampuan untuk mengontrol dirinya sendiri. Dzikir sebagai salah satu bentuk terapi dalam islam dianggap mampu berpengaruh pada kontrol diri pada manula. Berdasarkan temuan ini, direkomendasikan bagi masyarakat umum untuk memperhatikan kaum lanjut usia karena rentan mengalamai masa regresi dalam hidupnya. Salah satu upaya yang perlu dilakukan yaitu dengan memberikan kesempatan untuk berzikir.</p>