bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A firefly-based particle filter technique for system state estimation and battery RUL prediction
Authors: Ahwiadi Mohamed , Wang Wilson 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Accurate measurement and estimation of state variables in nonlinear dynamic systems are critical in various engineering and scientific applications. While particle filter (PF) techniques have become increasingly popular for modeling such dynamic systems, they are prone to sample degeneracy and impoverishment, which can considerably affect performance. Existing PF methods often come with drawbacks like high computing costs and noise sensitivity. This paper presents a novel probabilistic posterior optimization particle filter (PPO-PF) technique, inspired by the firefly algorithm, to address these PF limitations and enhance PF efficiency. In the proposed PPO-PF technique, an adaptive search method is proposed to locate the high-likelihood region within the posterior space for improved convergence. A new step size selection method is suggested to facilitate navigation within the search space. In addition, a particle position optimization approach is proposed to guide low-weight particles towards high-probability regions, optimizing the posterior probability density function and mitigating sample degeneracy. The proposed PPO-PF technique is validated by simulation under various model conditions, including predicting the remaining useful life of Lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries. The results indicate that the proposed PPO-PF reliably captures system dynamics with improved accuracy, even under high noise conditions. These findings highlight its potential to enhance measurement science by offering a more reliable approach for state estimation in complex systems.
Minimization of melt-pool field variables fluctuation during selective laser melting of Ti6Al4V alloy through computational investigation
Authors: Weldeanenia Kidu Gebrecherkos , Kassegne Samuel Kinde , Perumalla Janaki Ramulu 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The optimization of selective laser melting (SLM) process parameters for a new material through experiments is a time-consuming and challenging process. Computational approaches, on the other hand, offer an economical and relatively faster approach to effectively predict the influences of process factors on the behaviors of the field variables of SLM process. In this work, multiphysics models built using COMSOL software were used to carry out optimization of SLM-Ti6Al4V processes through a single-level setup method followed by a parametric sweep optimization (PSO) approach. The simulated results of the melt pool field variables obtained from both approaches were compared. In the PSO approach, the melt pool velocity was found to have 14.3% higher flow and 78.8% reduction in the transient velocity fluctuation amplitude within the melt pool region. The average transient temperature of the melt pool region was found to have 5.9% increase and 36.4% reduction in the average fluctuation amplitude along the solidus and peak points, respectively. On the other hand, the associated temperature gradient was found to have a fluctuation amplitude reduction of 15.3% at the maximum side of the melt pool region. Finally, the optimal solutions of the melt pool field variables obtained from the PSO were compared with published data to verified the approach. The reductions in temperature and thermal gradient results were found by 18.3% and 28.5% respectively in the melt pool region of the current SLM-Ti6Al4V process and, hence, validating the predictions of the PSO technique.
The global well-posedness of the relativistic Boltzmann equation with hard potentials and diffuse reflection boundary condition in bounded domains
Authors: Wang Yong , Xiao Changguo , Yong Yan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In the present paper, assuming that the motion of single-species relativistic particles in a bounded domain is governed by the relativistic Boltzmann equation with hard potentials and diffuse reflection boundary condition of non-isothermal wall temperature of small variations around a positive constant, we construct a unique non-negative stationary solution

F

∗

, and further establish the dynamical stability of such stationary solution with exponential time decay rate. Due to the relativistic effect, the key point is to control the hydrodynamic part

P

f

by choosing suitable test functions, which are different from the ones of Esposito et al (2013 Commun. Math. Phys.
323 177–239).
Wasserstein convergence rates in the invariance principle for sequential dynamical systems
Authors: Liu Zhenxin , Wang Zhe 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we consider the convergence rate with respect to the Wasserstein distance in the invariance principle for sequential dynamical systems. We utilize and modify the techniques previously employed for stationary sequences to address our non-stationary case. Under certain assumptions, we can apply our result to a class of dynamical systems, including sequential β

n
-transformations, piecewise uniformly expanding maps with additive noise in one-dimensional and multidimensional case, and so on.
Modeling runaway electron losses due to tearing mode activities in HL-3
Authors: Zhang S L , Hao G Z , Liu Y Q , Dong G Q , Sun T F , Zhao Y F , Zhu Y X , Li Z J , Wang S , Wang Y Q , Zhang Y P , Liu L Z , Liang S Y , Yu L M , He Z Y H 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Losses of runaway electrons (REs) due to magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) perturbations in a recent HL-3 discharge are numerically modeled by a linear stability code combined with a relativistic particle guiding-center orbit tracing module. The MHD perturbation is identified as (predominantly) the n = 1 (n is the toroidal mode number) tearing mode (TM) with large 3/1 and 2/1 Fourier components. The 2/1 islands are found significantly larger than the 3/1 counterpart. As the perturbation level associated with the TM progressively increases, the 3/1 island chains disappear and transition to the edge field stochasticity occurs at about 10 G field perturbation, according to the modeling. The tendency of RE losses, due to the three consecutive TM bursts observed in the experiment, is qualitatively captured by test particle tracing. Modeling finds about 0.7%, 3% and 25% RE loss fractions associated with these three bursts, assuming that the corresponding TM perturbation levels match that of the Mirnov data. High-energy REs are subject to less losses at low perturbation levels, due to the stronger inward shift of the particle orbits. Only full field line (or drift orbit) stochasticity facilitates losses of high-energy (

∼

10

MeV) REs.
Complex quadrupled-power-law nonlinearity form of Radhakrishnan-Kundu-Lakshmanan equation: novel optical soliton analysis
Authors: Tripathy A , Sahoo S , Sahu K M 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In this manuscript, the novel optical wave solutions to the newly developed Radhakrishnan-Kundu-Lakshmanan (NRKL) model are studied. Two analytical methods namely, the new extended generalized Kudryashov and the extended modified auxiliary equation mapping methods are used to obtain these novel solutions. Furthermore, the dynamics of the obtained solutions are analyzed thoroughly with the help of different graphical forms such as three-dimensional (3-D), contour, and two-dimensional (2-D) figures. To get the graphical view of the derived solutions, numerical values for the unknown parameters are assigned while balancing the nonlinearity with dispersion. Moreover, the characteristics analysis of the obtained solutions depict anti-kink, periodic, bright, dark-shaped periodic, anti-bell shape, bright-shaped periodic, and dark waveforms Furthermore, the practical implications of these waveforms in optical fiber transmission are profound, with the potential to influence nonlinear signal processing and advanced optical network design.
On Some novel features of a Non-Hermitian multi-boson Hamiltonian : partial

P
T

-symmetry and ghosts
Authors: Chakraborty Arindam 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The eigenvalues and eigenstates of a three-boson Hamiltonian are considered. The Hamiltonian is found to be pseudo-Hermitian in relation to its various partial PT-symmetries understood in a Fock space setting. The possibilities of symmetry adopting and symmetry breaking states are also discussed. Ghost states are found in relation to different symmetry induced inner-products. At least two of the ghost states show some kind of transition to normal states depending on the values of certain parameter.
Investigation of structural, morphological and optical characteristics of (Ni,Co)S/Fe3O4 nanocomposites and (Ni,Co)-doped Fe3O4 nanoparticles
Authors: Soltanpour P , Naderali R , Mabhouti Kh 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The present search seeks to customize the optical, magnetic, and structural characteristics of NiS/Fe3O4 and CoS/Fe3O4 nanocomposites in contrast to Ni-doped Fe3O4 and Co-doped Fe3O4 nanoparticles to investigate linear, nonlinear, and optoelectronic applications. In this regard, the preparation of magnetite nanoparticles (Fe3O4) doped by Ni and Co and also NiS/Fe3O4 and CoS/Fe3O4 nanocomposites was successfully carried out through the co-precipitation method. The XRD obtained results revealed the presence of a face-centered cubic structure in all samples. Moreover, the estimation of the crystalline size for the Fe3O4, Ni-doped Fe3O4, Co-doped Fe3O4 NiS/Fe3O4, and CoS/Fe3O4 nanopowders was carried out using the Debye–Scherrer formula, yielding values ranging from 8.45 nm to 10.13 nm. Furthermore, nanopowder microstructure images were taken through a field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), which represented that the shape of the grains was spherical and irregular. Furthermore, the samples validate the purity of the samples which revealed the presence of vibrational modes in the metal oxide bonds. An optical investigation was conducted on all samples utilizing a diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. Band gap values ​​were estimated based on diffuse reflectance spectroscopy data through Tauc plot analysis, which yielded a range from 2.88 eV to 3.01 eV, indicating that the red shift in the band gap of Fe3O4 with all impurities except CoS/Fe3O4, provides catalytic applications of synthesized materials. Additionally, numerical calculations utilizing the Kramers-Kronig relation and Wemple-DiDomenico (WDD) model, were performed to assess the extinction coefficient (k), refractive index (n), linear susceptibility (

χ

1

), and third-order nonlinear susceptibility (

χ

3

) parameters on the reflectance data. Compared to other studied samples, the maximum evaluated values of

χ

3

and the density of polarizable constituents (N) were related to the Ni-doped Fe3O4 NPs. This observation suggests that the prepared nanopowders possess significant potential for utilization in both fields of linear and nonlinear optical devices.
Bounds on the charge of the graviton using gravitational wave observations
Authors: Nair S. , Vijaykumar A. , Sarkar S. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
If the graviton possesses a non-zero charge qg
, gravitational waves (GW) originating from astrophysical sources would experience an additional time delay due to intergalactic magnetic fields. This would result in a modification of the phase evolution of the observed GW signal similar to the effect induced by a massive graviton. As a result, we can reinterpret the most recent upper limits on the graviton's mass as constraints on the joint mass-charge parameter space, finding |qg
|/e < 3 × 10-34 where e represents the charge of an electron. Additionally, we illustrate that a charged graviton would introduce a constant phase difference in the gravitational waves detected by two spatially separated GW detectors due to the Aharonov-Bohm effect. Using the non-observation of such a phase difference for the GW event GW190814, we establish a mass-independent constraint |qg
|/e < 2 × 10-26. To the best of our knowledge, our results constitute the first-ever bounds on the charge of the graviton. We also discuss various caveats involved in our measurements and prospects for strengthening these bounds with future GW observations.
Phase-matching enhanced quantum phase and amplitude estimation of a two-level system in a squeezed reservoir
Authors: Li 李 Yan-Ling 艳玲 , Liao 廖 Cai-Hong 彩红 , Xiao 肖 Xing 兴 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Squeezed reservoir engineering is a powerful technique in quantum information that combines the features of squeezing and reservoir engineering to create and stabilize non-classical quantum states. In this paper, we focus on the previously neglected aspect of the impact of the squeezing phase on the precision of quantum phase and amplitude estimation based on a simple model of a two-level system (TLS) interacting with a squeezed reservoir. We derive the optimal squeezed phase-matching conditions for phase ϕ and amplitude θ parameters, which are crucial for enhancing the precision of quantum parameter estimation. The robustness of the squeezing-enhanced quantum Fisher information against departures from these conditions is examined, demonstrating that minor deviations from phase-matching can still result in remarkable precision of estimation. Additionally, we provide a geometric interpretation of the squeezed phase-matching conditions from the classical motion of a TLS on the Bloch sphere. Our research contributes to a deeper understanding of the operational requirements for employing squeezed reservoir engineering to advance quantum parameter estimation.
Established conversions for hybrid entangled states assisted by error-predicted parity-discriminated devices
Authors: Du 杜 Fang-Fang 芳芳 , Fan 范 Zhi-Guo 志国 , Ren 任 Xue-Mei 雪梅 , Ma 马 Ming 明 , Liu 刘 Wen-Yao 文耀 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Hybrid entangled states are crucial in quantum physics, offering significant benefits for hybrid quantum communication and quantum computation, and then the conversion of hybrid entangled states is equally critical. This paper presents two novel schemes, that is, one converts the two-qubit hybrid Knill–Laflamme–Milburn (KLM) entangled state into Bell states and the other one transforms the three-qubit hybrid KLM state into Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger (GHZ) states assisted by error-predicted and parity-discriminated devices. Importantly, the integration of single photon detectors into the parity-discriminated device enhances predictive capabilities, mitigates potential failures, and facilitates seamless interaction between the nitrogen-vacancy center and photons, so the two protocols operate in an error-predicted way, improving the experimental feasibility. Additionally, our schemes demonstrate robust fidelities (close to 1) and efficiencies, indicating their feasibility with existing technology.
Topological states constructed by two different trivial quantum wires
Authors: Lin 林 Jing-Run 景润 , Lv 吕 Linxi 林喜 , Zuo 左 Zheng-Wei 正伟 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The topological states of the two-leg and three-leg ladders formed by two trivial quantum wires with different lattice constants are theoretically investigated. Firstly, we take two trivial quantum wires with a lattice constant ratio of 1:2 as an example. For the symmetric nearest-neighbor intra-chain hopping two-leg ladder, the inversion symmetry protected topological insulator phase with two degenerate topological edge states appears. When the inversion symmetry is broken, the topological insulators with one or two topological edge states of different energies and topological metals with edge states embedded in the bulk states could emerge depending on the filling factor. The topological origin of these topological states in the two-leg ladders is the topological properties of the Chern insulators and Chern metals. According to the arrangement of two trivial quantum wires, we construct two types of three-leg ladders. Each type of the three-leg ladder could be divided into one trivial subspace and one topological nontrivial subspace by unitary transformation. The topological nontrivial subspace corresponds to the effective two-leg ladder model. As the filling factor changes, the system could be in topological insulators or topological metals phases. When the two-leg ladder is constructed by two trivial quantum wires with a lattice constant ratio of 1:3 and 2:3, the system could also realize rich topological states such as the topological insulators and topological metals with the topological edge states. These rich topological states in the two-leg and three-leg ladders could be confirmed by current experimental techniques.
The effect of overhang and recoater angles on the quality of laser powder bed fusion produced parts with contactless supports
Authors: Gülcan Orhan , Günaydın Kadir , Tamer Aykut 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This experimental study focuses on the effect of overhang and recoater angles on the surface roughness of overhang specimens produced by laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) process from CoCr material and by using contactless support structures. The inclination of overhang surface with respect to build platform and the orientation of the specimens with respect to recoater direction were selected as design inputs and the average and the maximum surface roughness of overhang surfaces were selected as design outputs. Experimental studies revealed that decreasing overhang angle increased the surface roughness. 90-degree orientation of the part with respect to recoater direction resulted in minimum average surface roughness. It was also observed that contactless support didn’t give enough structural strength to 20-degree overhang surface which failed to be manufactured. Thermomechanical modelling-based process simulations were also performed, and very good correlation was found between numerical and experimental results. It was shown that thermomechanical modelling is very useful to be performed before LPBF process to mitigate recoater jam risks.
Coal gangue based geopolymer as an additive of warm mix asphalt: preparation and properties
Authors: Tang Ning , Nie Nan , Du Wenjie , Sun Yihan , Li Ruxun , Zhang Ruofei 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In contrast to conventional hot mix asphalt technology (HMA), warm mix asphalt technology (WMA) permits the mixing and compaction of asphalt mixture at lower temperatures. This innovative approach is characterized by significant energy savings and reduced emissions, making it a sustainable choice for asphalt mixture production. This paper used coal gangue to prepare a WMA additive. By leveraging the free water in its zeolite-like structure, which evaporates upon heating, bubbles form within the bitumen. This causes bitumen to expand and lose viscosity, thereby achieving the purpose of warm mixing. Both achieve a decline in the asphalt mixture’s mixing temperature and provide an effective method for utilizing coal gangue resources. It helps mitigate the environmental hazards associated with the massive accumulation of coal gangue, including soil contamination and water resource pollution. Therefore, based on alkali activation theory, this paper aimed to develop a novel coal gangue geopolymer (CG) WMA additive. CG was characterized through microscopic testing and analysis of water storage stability. The impact of varying CG dosages on the conventional performance of bitumen was examined. The bitumen foaming test elucidated the warm mixing mechanism and foaming behavior of the CG. Additionally, the road performance of the WMA was analyzed. The findings indicate that CG has abundant pore structures, providing an effective water storage space, and CG as a WMA additive exhibits good water storage stability at ambient temperature. When the CG dosage is 5% by the mass of bitumen, the viscosity of bitumen at 130∼140 °C is appropriate, and the WMA results in good road performance. Compared with HMA, the mixing temperature is reduced by a range of 20∼50 °C.
Experimental investigation on electrochemical discharge machining of hastelloy
Authors: Karthik Kanulla , R Ranjith , Veduru Venkatrami Reddy , Nallasivam Kawin 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The study examines the influence of various process parameters on Material Removal Rate (MRR), Tool Wear Rate (TWR) AND Surface Roughness (Ra) during the machining of Hastelloy using Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM) machined under NaOH dielectric medium. Results showed that a 20% NaOH concentration optimizes MRR at 0.889 mm3 min−1, while higher concentrations lead to process instability due to excessive bubble formation and discharge irregularities. The optimal current of 30 A improves MRR, but excessive melting occurs beyond this level, negatively impacting tool wear and surface finish. A pulse-on time of 45 μs produces the best surface finish of 1.786 μm), while longer pulse durations cause overheating and degrade surface quality. TWR was minimized at a gap distance of 2 mm, which allowed effective cooling and debris removal, reducing wear by 15%. Voltage levels between 12 V and 18 V resulted in the most stable discharges, yielding optimal MRR and Ra values. Lower current values stabilize TWR, while higher currents and longer pulse-on times increase wear. A gap distance of 2 mm minimizes TWR by ensuring effective cooling and debris removal. Optimal surface roughness is achieved with 30 A and 45 μs, where controlled discharges reduce surface imperfections. Higher NaOH concentrations induce rougher textures due to more aggressive sparks. SEM analysis confirms that process parameters significantly impact surface topography, characterized by craters, re-solidified debris, and microcracks. The optimized parameters identified from the results were 20% NaOH concentration, 30 A current, 45 μs pulse-on time, 2 mm gap distance, and voltage of 15 V.
The nexus between CO2 emissions, renewable energy consumption, foreign direct investment, and economic growth: Evidence across different income groups of countries
Authors: Andrei Jean Vasile , Armeanu Daniel Ștefan , Gherghina Ştefan Cristian , Joldeș Camelia Cătălina 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This study examines the possible dynamic link among economic growth, renewable energy consumption, environmental emissions, and CO2 across various countries from 2000 to 2019. By categorizing countries based on income levels, the research aims to examine the interactions among variables such as CO2 emissions, foreign direct investments (FDI), labor force, industrial value-added, and gross capital formation. Employing a quantitative approach, several statistical methods were applied, including panel unit root examination, Pedroni cointegration analysis, VECM models (Vector Error Correction Model), and panel causality testing. Evidence of cointegration among the variables was found. The causality test showed causal relationships between the variables. The results underscore the intricate relationships between energy consumption, environmental factors, and economic development. The study underscores that while renewable energy is vital for sustainable development, its impact on economic growth is influenced by various factors and policies.
Vertical flow constructed wetlands efficiency with varying surface loading rates
Authors: Aljaddou Heba , Alsaeed Ruba Dahham , Fatamah Mohamad 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This paper searches in determining the optimal surface loading rates of constructed wetland treatment plant with vertical flow, through constructing a pilot plant which is consist of two filters, the first one is planted with Phragmites plant while the other is unplanted. As a result, it is recommended that constructed wetlands in our country should be designed with consideration of applying low surface loading rate (at least 1 m2 p−1). The removal efficiencies observed for Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Suspended Solids (SS), Total Nitrogen (TN), and Phosphate (PO4) were notably enhanced in the presence of vegetation, with improvements reaching up to 14%, 10%, 11%, and 12% respectively across various applied surface loading rates.