bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unlocking Larger Scales and Aspect Ratios in 3D Printed Glass: Coupling Active Mixing and UV Curing for Advanced Printability and Crack Resistance
Authors: Walton Beck L. , Dudukovic Nikola A. , Johnson Jason , Yee Timothy D. , Nguyen Du T. , Ellis Megan E. , Porcincula Dominique H. , Krikorian Caitlyn C. , Duoss Eric B. , Dylla‐Spears Rebecca J. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractRecent developments in additive manufacturing (AM) of glass via silica‐filled inks have facilitated fabrication of previously unattainable geometries and compositions. However, the maximum processable size of 15 mm limits the use of these prints in applications such as optics. A key limitation lies in the trade‐off between material printability and green strength: increasing silica content in the feedstock improves crack resistance and reduces shrinkage but results in dramatic changes in viscoelastic properties that hinder flowability. This paper presents a novel approach that offers expanded versatility in processable size, feedstock formulation, and printing. Described here is a direct ink writing (DIW) system coupled with an active high‐shear micromixer and UV light source, capable of simultaneously printing multiple inks with a wide range of rheological properties. Choice of silica sourc, solvent, UV‐curable binder, and dispersant is used to tune the ink rheology and improve printability and mechanical properties. Imparting high shear with the micromixer while UV‐curing the extrudate allows for increased ink viscosities and reduced nozzle diameters, enabling printing finer feature sizes. With these advances, thin‐walled high‐aspect ratio structures and a crack‐free glass disk measuring 44 mm in diameter are demonstrated, an increase of 3× in the greatest dimension compared to current state‐of‐the‐art.
Improving Molecular Arrangement and Alleviating Nonradiative Energy Loss Using a Chlorinated Pyrido[3,4‐b]Quinoxaline‐Core‐Based Acceptor for High‐Performance Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Tian Han , Luo Yongmin , Chen Zhanxiang , Xu Tongle , Ma Ruijie , Wu Jiaying , Li Gang , Yang Chuluo , Luo Zhenghui 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe electron‐deficient A1 unit in A‐DA1D‐A structured acceptors is critical for optimizing the efficiency of organic solar cells (OSCs). Drawing inspiration from the high performance of the previously reported pyrido[2,3‐b]quinoxaline‐core acceptors, Py6, an isomer of Py1 is designed with a repositioned pyridine nitrogen atom, and further modified it by chlorinating Py6 to create Py7. Theoretical calculations show that chlorine incorporation strengthens intermolecular non‐covalent interactions and promotes the tighter molecular stacking, as confirmed by grazing‐incidence wide‐angle X‐ray scattering. Consequently, D18/Py7 device delivers the enhanced fill factor and short‐circuit current density, compared to D18/Py1 and D18/Py6 device. Notably, D18/Py7 device also yields a higher open‐circuit voltage of 0.871 V, significantly outperforming Py1 (0.764 V) and Py6 (0.723 V), due to the low nonradiative energy losses. Further studies reveal that introducing Cl directs hole density toward the central pyrido[3,4‐b]quinoxaline unit and decreases the charge transfer state ratio of D18/acceptor. This prompts triplet‐to‐singlet conversion and reduces non‐radiative recombination losses. Additionally, using a mutual donor–acceptor dilution strategy, the (D18:1wt.% Py7)/(Py7:1wt.% D18) device achieves an impressive efficiency of 19.60%. This work emphasizes the great potential of the Py‐series acceptors and demonstrates that chlorine incorporation effectively reduces non‐radiative losses.
2q13 Distal Microdeletion: Considering Evidence for an Emerging Syndrome Versus Susceptibility Locus: Twenty‐Five New Cases and Review of the Literature
Authors: Elron Eyal , Shohat Mordechai , Basel‐Salmon Lina , Kahana Sarit , Matar Reut , Klein Kochav , Agmon‐Fishman Ifaat , Gurevitch Merav , Berger Rachel , Brabbing‐Goldstein Dana , Levy Michal , Maya Idit 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThis study investigates distal 2q13 microdeletion, presenting the largest cohort to date, including prenatal cases, alongside a comprehensive literature review. A retrospective analysis was conducted on distal 2q13 microdeletions from clinical charts and laboratory reports. The cohort was divided into “clinically indicated” and “not‐clinically indicated” groups based on the reason for chromosomal microarray testing. Clinical cases from medical literature were reviewed and compared with our cohort. The study included 25 cases: 17 index patients and 8 family members, with 47% males and 53% females. Of these, 2 were postnatal and 15 were prenatal. In the “clinically indicated” group, 35% had abnormalities on prenatal ultrasound, while 65% in the “not‐clinically indicated” group had no major anomalies. Inheritance was 50% paternal in the “clinically indicated” group, and in the “not‐clinically indicated” group, 44% paternal, 22% maternal, and 33% de novo. Symptoms varied from asymptomatic to severe developmental issues. Literature review identified 51 postnatal cases, with intellectual disability, and dysmorphism being common features. Familial cases showed 20% de novo, 20% maternal, 21.5% paternal, and 40% unknown inheritance. Distal 2q13 microdeletion is linked to cognitive impairment risk and should be reported in test results based on parental preferences, requiring special considerations for clinical classification and reporting.
Precisely Tailoring the Second Coordination Sphere of a Cobalt Single‐Atom Catalyst for Selective Hydrogenation of Halogenated Nitroarenes
Authors: Chen Guangyu , Gu Juwen , Gong Wanbing , Li Jiawei , Li Jiayi , Qiu Songbai , Long Ran , Zhao Huijun , Xiong Yujie 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe development of highly efficient and cost‐effective nonprecious metal catalysts for the selective hydrogenation of halogenated nitroarenes is very appealing yet challenging. Here, we demonstrate that the hydrogenation activity and selectivity of Co single‐atom catalyst (SAC) can be tuned by tailoring the structure of second coordination sphere via P doping. As revealed by synchrotron radiation‐based X‐ray absorption spectroscopy characterizations, such a P doping on N‐coordinated Co SAC results in the unsymmetric Co‐N4P1 coordination structure. With a combination of experimental characterizations and theoretical simulations, we find that tailoring the second coordination sphere can greatly improve H2 dissociation and product desorption. As a result, the Co‐N4P1 SAC exhibits superior activity, selectivity and stability for the hydrogenation of halogenated nitroarenes to corresponding amines (20 examples, >99 % yields) at 80 °C under 0.5 MPa H2 pressure, significantly outperforming most heterogeneous catalysts reported in the literature. We expect that this work opens a new avenue for the design of highly efficient nonprecious metal SACs for important hydrogenation reactions.
Assessing Potential Spawning and Nursery Habitat Availability in the River Rhine for the Critically Endangered European Sturgeon
Authors: Brevé Niels W. P. , van Dieren Debora A. J. , Weeber Marc , Mosselman Erik , Nagelkerke Leopold A. J. , Murk AlberTinka J. , Buijse Anthonie D. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTInformation about reproductive habitat and migration pathways is of paramount importance to restore migratory fish species. This study assesses the availability of spawning and nursery habitats for the European sturgeon (Acipenser sturio) in the delta and lower Rhine (covering over 350 river kilometres) as part of a larger feasibility assessment for a future restoration of this critically endangered species. The general approach has three steps: (1) the identification of the species' specific habitat requirements, based on a systematic literature review; (2) the collection and preprocessing of data from two countries, including the 1D and 2D modelling of water depths and flow velocities; and (3) GIS‐based mapping of spawning and nursery habitat. Based on a HSI score of 1, we identify a total of 0.75 km2 as minimal spawning habitat, potentially suitable for approximately 2500 female European sturgeons (one spawning site would use ~300 m2). This is sufficient, as currently, only an estimated maximum number of 750 adults exist. Suitable spawning habitat is mainly located in the German state of North Rhine‐Westphalia, whereas suitable nursery habitat is mainly located in the Netherlands. The availability is, however, significantly reduced by coastal infrastructure (damming) and inland navigation. The insights gained can be used to assess the current suitability of the river Rhine for the species' reintroduction and to identify opportunities for habitat restoration and protection for various life stages. The outcomes thus play an essential role in the conservation of the species. In addition, the modelling approach developed could be applied to other northwestern European rivers. This broader application would allow intercomparison and support decisions about which rivers are best suited for future reintroduction of the critically endangered European sturgeon.
Green's Function Approach for Late‐Time Tail and Echoes in Damour–Solodukhin Type Wormholes
Authors: Qian Wei‐Liang , Pan Qiyuan , Li Guan‐Ru , Guo Hong , Lin Kai , Yue Rui‐Hong 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThis study elaborates on two distinctive features in Damour–Solodukhin wormhole's waveforms: late‐time tails and echoes. As a well‐known black hole mimicker, these characteristics are crucial in differentiating wormholes from classical black holes. They emerge in the final phases of quasinormal oscillations and arise from specific structures in the Green's function. The late‐time tail results from branch cut contributions, indicating a need to refine our interpretation of spacetime geometry. The echoes originate from additional quasinormal modes, similar to scenarios with metric discontinuities. These observations suggest that late‐time wave behavior could be a unique signature of wormholes. Furthermore, the study hints at a possible interaction between late‐time tails and echoes in the waveform's evolution.
Effect of In Vitro Digestion on Anticancer and Antioxidant Activity of Phenolic Extracts From Latex of Fig Fruit (Ficus carica L.)
Authors: Yeniocak Salih , Karaduman‐Yeşildal Tuğçe , Arslan Mustafa Enes , Toraman Gizem Cansu , Yücetepe Aysun 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTIn this study, changes in total phenolic content (TPC), phenolic profile, and antioxidant activity and anticancer activity against cervix cancer and colorectal cancer cell lines of phenolic extracts of black and white fig (Ficus carica L.) latex (milk) were investigated during in vitro gastrointestinal digestions for the first time. The findings indicated that the in vitro digestion process exerted a significant effect on TPC of the phenolic extract from white fig milk (WFM‐PE) and phenolic extract from black fig milk (BFM‐PE), and TPC tended to decrease after in vitro digestion (p < 0.05). As consistent with these findings, antioxidant activity (by the CUPRAC method) of the samples decreased (p < 0.05) during in vitro digestion. The IC50 value of the undigested BFM‐PE was significantly lower than that of the undigested WFM‐PE (p < 0.05). The undigested and the digested WFM‐PE and BFM‐PE did not show any cytotoxic activity against normal cells. However, anticancer activity of WFM‐PE on cervix and colorectal cancer cell lines (p < 0.05) and anticancer activity of BFM‐PE against colorectal cancer cell lines decreased after in vitro digestion (p < 0.01). On the other hand, the dominant phenolic was catechin hydrate and was syringic acid.
Recent Studies on Heterocyclic Cholinesterase Inhibitors Against Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Tok Fatih 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTAlzheimer's disease is a progressive and neurodegenerative disease characterized by impairment in emotion, language, memory, and cognitive judgment. There are many factors related to Alzheimer's disease, such as amyloid beta plaques (Aβ) due to impaired metabolism of amyloid precursor protein (APP), tau hyperphosphorylation, and accumulation of neurofibrillary tangles, and disruption of the cholinergic system. Disruption of the cholinergic system responsible for cognitive function and memory processes is one of the important causes of Alzheimer's disease. Therefore, cholinesterase (acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase) inhibitors that maintain choline (acetylcholine and butyrylcholine) levels in the synaptic gap play an important role in the symptomatic treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Numerous studies have been carried out against Alzheimer's disease involving acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase inhibitors. However, there are very few drugs (tacrine, rivastigmine, galantamine, and donepezil) approved as cholinesterase inhibitors. Therefore, cholinesterase inhibitors are needed against Alzheimer's disease. This review is focused on using heterocyclic rings that show remarkable cholinesterase inhibitory activity for Alzheimer's disease. In this review, chemical structures and structure–activity relationships of recently reported cholinesterase inhibitors are emphasized. This review will give important ideas to medicinal chemists in the discovery and development of potent cholinesterase inhibitors in their future studies.
Unraveling the roles of oxygen vacancies in tungsten‐based ionic liquid materials for enhanced catalytic oxidative desulfurization
Authors: Zhang Mei , Huang Hao‐Xue , Liang Wen‐Tao , Wu Yao , Xiong Jun 
Published: November 2024

AbstractDefect engineering is often used to improve the performance of catalysts. Here, plasma etching was first used as a strategy to introduce defects to modify the phosphotungstic acid‐based ionic liquids (C14PWIL) catalyst for oxidative desulfurization (ODS) in fuel. The valence band/conduction band value of the catalyst indicates that the formation of oxygen vacancies plays an essential role in enhancing the oxidation capacity. In combination with X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy results, the enriched electrons in the oxygen vacancies can increase the electron density on the catalyst surface, which promotes the electron migration process between the catalyst and H2O2, thus favoring the activation of H2O2 and enabling an efficient ODS process. The desulfurization efficiency of C14PWIL‐P at room temperature is 3 times that of C14PWIL, which exhibits good cycling stability.
Photophysics of Hydrophobic Corroles in the Aqueous Micellar Media and in the Presence of Graphene Oxide and Bioanalytes
Authors: Garai Antara , Bhattacharjee Sanyukta , Seth Debabrata 
Published: November 2024

AbstractHere two A2B type corrole has been synthesized and solubilized in water via pluronic micellar system by avoiding the utmost mandatory multistep non‐environment friendly strategies for bringing hydrophobic non‐ionic corroles in aqueous medium. Both the corroles were extremely insoluble in water as no absorption spectra of corrole was available in water. However, corrole 2 in the aqueous solution of F127 exhibit characteristic Soret and Q bands due to efficient solubilization of corrole in F127, the micelles formed by block copolymer act as a “cargo hold” for the corrole molecules. Intense emission spectra were observed for both the corroles in the aqueous solution of F127. We further observed that fluorescence properties of corrole‐F127 micelle systems are quenched in presence of graphene oxide (GO) without change in the wavelength or shape of the emission band. The possibility of a dynamic quenching is probed more quantitatively by recording the emission decay profiles of corrole‐F127‐GO system. This quenching of fluorescence intensity of graphene oxide dispersed corrole‐F127 micellar system was partially re‐established in the presence of bioanalytes such as dopamine, ascorbic acid. Therefore, the present work has a future potential application for analyzing the interaction with different bioanalytes in biological systems using corrole‐GO composite.
DMS‐MapSeq Analysis of Antisense Oligonucleotide Binding to lncRNA PANDA
Authors: Romero Agosto Gabriel A. , Cox Ethan , Rouskin Silvi 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWhile various methods exist for examining and visualizing the structures of RNA molecules, dimethyl sulfate‐mutational profiling and sequencing (DMS‐MaPseq) stands out for its simplicity and versatility. This technique has been proven effective for studying RNA structures both in vitro and in complex biological settings. We present an updated protocol of DMS‐MaPseq, as well as methodology that enables it to be used for detection of antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) binding to RNA. By applying this protocol, we successfully characterized the structural ensemble of the HIV1 Rev Response Element (RRE), along with its two alternative structures. The findings align with previously published research validating the accuracy of the method. We also demonstrate the utility of the DMS‐MaPseq protocol by resolving and confirming ASO binding at the complementary sites of the P21‐associated noncoding RNA DNA damage‐activated (PANDA) long non‐coding RNA via decreased DMS reactivity. © 2024 Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: DMS‐MaPseq on HIV1‐RREBasic Protocol 2: DMS‐MaPseq on PANDA with ASO probing
Exploring the barriers and drivers of ESG in the German Mittelstand: A qualitative analysis of mechanical and plant engineering companies
Authors: Bebic Marsela , Badie Natálie Bruder , Tyll Ladislav , Srivastava Mohit 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis qualitative study investigates the adoption of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) among German Mittelstand mechanical and plant engineering firms. Through semi‐structured interviews, the research identifies key barriers to ESG implementation, including human resource challenges, conceptual ambiguity, legal complexities, standardization gaps and rapid implementation pressures. Simultaneously, it uncovers driving forces such as customer demands, talent attraction, rating agency influence, intrinsic motivation, executive commitment, and regulatory compliance. Notably, profit and loss (P&L) impact emerge as a dual force, influencing both barriers and drivers. The study proposes a best practice model featuring clear responsibilities, centralization, and ESG integration in processes. Additional recommendations include developing a business case for ESG, engaging in industry‐specific networks, and aligning with prominent rating agencies. This research offers strategic insights for sustainable business practices within the Mittelstand context. It presents implications for governments and businesses, suggesting targeted policies to mitigate barriers and reinforce drivers of ESG adoption.
Emergent polycentric governance in response to drought: Motivations, transaction costs, and feedback in corporate and city collaboration
Authors: Eakin Hallie , Shearing Clifford 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe threat of service failures because of climate shocks can provoke a re‐negotiation of roles and responsibilities among private and public actors, and a shift towards more polycentric arrangements. This research builds on frameworks for documenting the emergence and evolution of polycentric governance arrangements through an analysis of the enrollment of private corporate actors in water provisioning services in response to the “Day Zero” 2017–2018 drought in Cape Town, South Africa. Through an analysis of interview data, we document the motivations of the corporate and municipal actors to coordinate their efforts to address acute water shortages through a novel governance venue and mechanism: Water Service Intermediaries. We document their experience with collaboration in the governance arrangements that evolved. The case illustrates both the potential, but also the limitations of shifts toward polycentricity in the context of critical resource provisioning. Our actor‐centric approach documents the transaction and material costs associated with new regulatory burdens as the actors negotiated their respective responsibilities and roles. Actors face coordination challenges associated with their dependence on shared physical infrastructure, tensions associated with duties of care towards specific constituencies, and the friction entailed in reconciling their new nodal responsibilities and core missions. While the experiment in this form of polycentric water provisioning was curtailed at the end of the drought, the evidence of feedback and learning among private and public actors indicates a shift in mindsets concerning joint responsibilities for urban resilience, and the potential for future collaboration in polycentric governance around novel issues.
Epigallocatechin‐3‐Gallate Ameliorates Diabetic Kidney Disease by Inhibiting the TXNIP/NLRP3/IL‐1β Signaling Pathway
Authors: Wang Yinghui , Wang Qimeng , Wang Mingming , Wang Xueling , Liu Qingzhen , Lv Shasha , Nie Huibin , Liu Gang 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTRecent research indicates that the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome is crucial in the development of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Epigallocatechin‐3‐gallate (EGCG), the predominant catechin in green tea, has been noted for its anti‐inflammatory properties in DKD. However, the specific mechanisms are not yet fully understood. In this study, our objective was to explore the effects of EGCG on podocytes and in diabetic kidney disease (DKD) mice and investigate how EGCG modulates the TXNIP/NLRP3/IL‐1β signaling pathway in DKD, both in podocytes and animal models. In vitro, we co‐cultured podocytes with EGCG and detected the viability, apoptosis, inflammation and the TXNIP/NLRP3/IL‐1β signaling pathway. In vivo, DKD mice were given EGCG via oral gavage, followed by evaluations of renal function, inflammation, and the aforementioned signaling pathway. Our findings revealed that oxidative stress, inflammatory cytokines, and the TXNIP/NLRP3/IL‐1β pathway were upregulated in podocytes exposed to high glucose (HG) and in the kidneys of DKD mice. However, EGCG treatment reduced the expression of the NLRP3 inflammasome and its associated proteins, including TXNIP, ASC, caspase‐1, and IL‐1β, as well as the levels of ROS and inflammatory factors such as TNF‐α, IL‐6, and IL‐18. Furthermore, in vivo, EGCG improved kidney function, reduced albuminuria and body weight, and alleviated renal pathological damage. In summary, our study suggests that EGCG mitigates inflammation in podocytes and DKD through the TXNIP/NLRP3/IL‐1β signaling pathway, indicating potential benefits of EGCG or green tea in managing DKD.