bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A descriptive study of the patients with orbital complication of acute and chronic sinusitis
Authors: Pullarat Ahamed Nauphal , C. K. Mohamed Faisal , Nampoothiri Muraleedhran P. , R. Suma 
Published: June 2018

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> This is a descriptive study of all of the patients with orbital complication of acute and chronic sinusitis presented in ENT and Ophthalmology department, Government Medical College Calicut, Kerala from January 2013 to September 2014. The purpose of this study is to evaluate clinical and radiological presentation, outcome of treatment and postsurgical complications of diagnosed case of orbital complications of acute and chronic sinusitis.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> All the patients were subjected to thorough clinical examination, ophthalmological evaluation and radiological evaluation. Computerized tomography of paranasal sinuses both axial and coronal planes, MRI in selected cases, histopathology, fungal culture, a semistructured proforma are the study tools in this study. All the patients in this study received appropriate medical and surgical treatment and done a follow up evaluation at first month and at 3 months. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Preseptal cellulitis is the most common complication in our study. Fungal sinusitis due to uncontrolled diabetes mellitus is the most common condition causing orbital complication in our study.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Strict diabetic control, appropriate surgical and medical management and a vigilant follow up resulted in good outcome.</p>
Gêneros multimodais e multimodalidade em provas de Língua Portuguesa no ENEM: questões para o ensino
Authors: Gomes Rosivaldo , Baia Nogueira Heloane 
Published: June 2018

O artigo apresenta uma análise de caráter quantitativo de gêneros multissemióticos/multimodais presentes nas provas do Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio- ENEM. Mais especificamente, intenta verificar de que modo esse exame nacional explora a compreensão textual-discursiva e semiótica, em seu escopo avaliativo, no que diz respeito aos gêneros discursivos multissemióticos. Para análise foi realizado um recorte temporal referente ao período de 2006 a 2016, que corresponde a dez anos de aplicação da referida prova, sendo feito um mapeamento dos gêneros recorrentes nas provas. Para fundamentação teórica, foram utilizadas as discussões da abordagem enunciativo-discursiva da linguagem, relações multissemióticas e significados multiplicativos no ato de ler. O estudo situa-se na perspectiva de estudos da Linguística Aplicada, sendo uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa. Os resultados dos dados apresentados, no formato de gráfico, possibilitam evidenciar que a prova do ENEM, no que diz respeito à incorporação de gêneros multimodais, tem considerado o letramento visual para a compreensão desses textos. Vemos ainda que os textos apresentam relações multissemióticos que exigem do candidato capacidades e estratégias adequadas de leitura que consideram o entrecruzamento de linguagens para construção de sentidos nesses textos.
A queda para o alto: a experiência de Anderson Herzer na construção de seu corpo, de seu gênero, de sua sexualidade
Authors: Chaves Leocádia Aparecida 
Published: June 2018

<p>Este artigo discutirá, a partir da autobiografia de Anderson Herzer, <em>A queda para o alto</em>, a construção de seu gênero, de seu corpo e de sua sexualidade, fundamentalmente, no período que foi interno na Fundação Estadual para o Bem Estar do Menor (Febem) nos anos de 1980 em São Paulo. Salienta-se que essa experiência será marcada por múltiplas violências ainda hoje impostas, em todos os espaços de nossa sociedade, a todos àqueles desviantes da norma cisgênera heteronormativa sedimentada e alimentada pela dominação masculina. Herzer, porém, como um guerreiro em campo de batalha não se sucumbirá às regras que lhes foram determinadas ao nascer; identificado como Sandra até a adolescência se construirá Anderson. Portanto, como um “imigrante de um padrão normativo” viverá sob a pele que habita o estigma de doente, o estigma que carrega o desvirtuador da ordem patriarcal estabelecida. No entanto, subverterá esta ordem e ao (re)ocupar seu corpo, sua identidade, sua sexualidade, ocupará subversivamente o espaço da escrita revelando tanto a sua potente lucidez - contrariando os discursos opressores - quanto aos efeitos tóxicos da dominação masculina na constituição de sua experiência identitária. Dessa forma, se por um lado “desvia da ordem”, por outro, paradoxalmente, a reafirma. Nesta perspectiva, salientamos a importância dessa escrita denúncia, dessa escrita desabafo que de forma engajada revela os dispositivos do poder que nos impõe um <em>modus vivendi</em> que violenta, que oprime que, não raras vezes, leva à morte aquele que desvia da ordem imposta pelo Estado, pela Igreja, pela Ciência e pela Família.</p>
WAYS TO OPTIMIZE DETECTION OF TUBERCULOSIS IN A PULMONOLOGY UNIT
Authors: Borodulina E. A. , Inkova A. T. , Borodulin B. E. , Povalyaeva L. V. 
Published: June 2018

The objective: to optimize detection of tuberculosis in a pulmonology unit.Subjects and methods.In a pulmonology unit, patients suspected of having tuberculosis had a minimum number of diagnostic tests: a skin test with tuberculous recombinant allergen, three consecutive Ziel-Nelson microscopies of sputum and fluids of bronchoalveolar lavage, and in the laboratory of TB services they performed GeneXpert MTB/RIF, Bactec MGIT. Results of the diagnostics were analyzed in 70 patients with etiologic confirmation of diagnosis.Results.A targeted inquiry and taking the patient's history were informative in 4% of cases, skin test with TRA – in 27.1%, GeneXpert MTB/RIF – в in 100%, and Bactec MGIT – in 97.1%. Introduction of express diagnostic methods to a pulmonology unit reduced the average number of bed-days from admission to diagnostics of tuberculosis and transfer to a TB in-patient unit down to 9.80 ± 4.72 days. Molecular genetic methods can be recommended for introduction to general medical services as a diagnostic minimum when examining patients with a high risk of tuberculosis.
EFFICIENCY AND SAFETY OF ROBOT-ASSISTED THORACOSCOPIC LOBECTOMIES WHEN MANAGING PULMONARYTUBERCULOSIS
Authors: Yablonsky P. K. , Kudryashov G. G. , Vasilyev I. V. , Avetisyan A. O. , Ushkov A. D. , Sokolova O. P. 
Published: June 2018

Currently, there are no doubts about the relevance of surgery as a part of integral treatment. However, minimally invasive surgeries for treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis are rarely used due to post-inflammatory changes in the pleural space and lung root. And outcomes of robot-assisted lobectomies in pulmonary tuberculosis patients have never been investigated.The objective of the study: to investigate the efficiency and safety of robot-assisted surgeries in pulmonary tuberculosis patients.Subjects and methods.Since May 2013, 56 patients suffering from focal unilateral pulmonary tuberculosis were enrolled into a prospective study, after having an adequate course of anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy. At the moment of surgery, bacillary excretion persisted in 32% of patients, and 90.5% of patients had cavities.Results.All patients had robot-assisted lobectomies using the surgical system of Da Vinci Si. The average time of surgery made 174 minutes (90-380 minutes), the blood loss made 82 ml (10-500 ml). In 2 (3%) patients, a robot-assisted access was converted into lateral thoracotomy. The frequency of post-operative surgical complications made 25% [6].Conclusion.High clinical efficiency and safety are associated with robot-assisted lobectomies as a part of the integral treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis patients.
Effects of Rainfall on Driver Behaviour and Gap Acceptance at Multilane Roundabouts
Authors: Ibijola Stephen , Ben-Edigbe Johnnie 
Published: June 2018

Background:
This paper filled an important gap in the behaviour of driver and gap acceptance model at multilane roundabouts by investigating their traffic performances during rainfall.

Introduction:
The study carried out an investigation into the impact of rainfall on driver’s behavioural changes and gap acceptance characteristics. Follow-up time headway and gap time were used as proxies.

Methodology:
Traffic volume, speed, vehicle type and headway data were collected at selected multilane roundabouts in Durban, South Africa. All surveyed roundabouts are within rain gauge catchment area of about 1km. Rainfall intensity was divided into three groups (light, moderate, and heavy). Dry weather data were used as control parameters.

Data Analysis:
Stepwise data analytical technique was used for ease of explanation and clarity. All model equations were tested for statistical fitness and deemed satisfactory for further analysis.

Conclusion:
Based on the synthesis of evidence obtained from driver’s behavioural changes and gap acceptance characteristics at multilane roundabouts, the paper concluded that it is correct to suggest that rainfall would have a profound effect on follow-up time headway and critical gap acceptance. However, the effect diminishes gradually as volume to capacity ratio approaches peak traffic operation. Once the threshold value of 0.85 is reached the diminishing effect of rainfall as the sole actuator of anomalous time headway increase is noticeable.
Is it Heuristics in Use or ‘Ritualistic and Instrumentalist’ in Purpose? Neoliberal Philosophy and the Use of KAPS (Knowledge, Attitude and Practise Surveys) in a Least Developed Nation
Authors: Chakravartty Avaniendra 
Published: June 2018

Background:Isms affect the way we think, define, approach and seek to understand and solve any particular issue or condition. The particular ism that prevails currently has been labeled as neoliberalism. Here the ways that researchers use KAPS for various health issues or conditions and the extent to which it is connected to the existing reality along with its pragmatic utility are assessed. Based on how heuristics is conceptualized the use of KAPs is heuristics in use. The primary task of this article embarks is on determining whether the researches using KAPS has any heuristic purpose or is it just fulfilling some self- centered ritualistic and instrumentalist objective. The focus here is on Nepal but that does not mean that the arguments made here is not applicable to other nations that have similar socio-economic conditions.Methods/ Findings:The data selected here are researches done by an epistemic community presented in two national conferences. The methodology followed is based on dialectical reflexivity and the approach adopted is auto-ethnographic. The dominance of procrustean, atomistic, dehistoricized, reductionist and individualist philosophy that deemphasizes structural relations is seen. The incorporation of neoliberal values has created a trend where researches seem to solely serve ritualistic and instrumentalist purpose.
The Effect of Shareholder-Level Taxes on Organizational Form and Stock Ownership: Evidence from Equity Carve-Outs of Master Limited Partnerships
Authors: Utke Steven 
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACT
I examine the role of heterogeneous shareholder-level taxes in organizational form decisions and in subsequent changes in investor stock ownership. Specifically, I investigate the decision to form a master limited partnership (MLP), which is a tax-advantaged entity for tax-sensitive shareholders, but a tax-disadvantaged entity for tax-exempt shareholders. Consistent with shareholder-level taxes influencing organizational form decisions, I find that firms owned by more tax-exempt shareholders are less likely to carve-out MLPs. Consistent with shareholder-level taxes influencing stock ownership, I find that tax-sensitive investors, on average, decrease their ownership in the parent and hold a relatively larger ownership share in the MLP than in the parent after the carve-out. In contrast, tax-exempt investors own less of the MLP than of the parent. These results provide evidence that firms cater to investors' shareholder-level taxes in making organizational form decisions and that investors sort on tax characteristics inherent to organizational form.
JEL Classifications: G32; H24; H25.
Data Availability: Data used in this study are available from public sources identified in the paper.
Investor Reaction to Auditors' Going Concern Emphasis of Matter: Evidence from a Natural Experiment
Authors: Bédard Jean , Brousseau Carl , Vanstraelen Ann 
Published: June 2018

SUMMARY
Using a “natural experiment” provided by a change in Canadian auditing standards requiring an emphasis of matter paragraph in the auditor's report (GC-EOM) when the financial statements include a going concern uncertainty disclosure (GC-FS), this paper examines the incremental investor reaction to the auditor's report over the related GC-FS. Conditioning on the linguistic severity of the GC-FS (weak and severe), we first document a negative price response to severe but not to weak GC-FS before the regulatory change. This implies that investors react to financial statement disclosures and account for their degree of interpretability in the absence of a GC-EOM. When the uncertainty disclosure is accompanied by a GC-EOM, we find incremental negative abnormal returns and lower abnormal trading volume only for weak GC-FS. Collectively, these findings imply that an emphasis of matter paragraph in the auditor's report can have incremental value to investors.
JEL Classifications: M42; G12; G14.
Data Availability: Data used are available from public sources identified in the study.
Dietary Patterns Over Time and Microalbuminuria in Youth and Young Adults With Type 1 Diabetes: The SEARCH Nutrition Ancillary Study
Authors: Costacou Tina , Crandell Jamie , Kahkoska Anna R. , Liese Angela D. , Dabelea Dana , Lawrence Jean M. , Pettitt David J. , Reynolds Kristi , Mayer-Davis Elizabeth J. , Mottl Amy K. 
Published: June 2018

OBJECTIVE
We assessed the association between diet quality and microalbuminuria in youth-onset type 1 diabetes using three indices: a modified Mediterranean diet score for children and adolescents (mKIDMED), the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH), and the Healthy Eating Index-2010 (HEI).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Youth and young adults from the SEARCH (SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth) Nutrition Ancillary Study (SNAS) diagnosed with type 1 diabetes in 2002–2008, who had repeated dietary assessments at baseline and follow-up visits and urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) measured at the outcome visit (2012–2015) (n = 461), were selected for study. Regression models estimated the association between each longitudinally assessed diet score and UACR and microalbuminuria (UACR ≥30 μg/mg).

RESULTS
The cohort was 43% female, and at follow-up, mean age was 20 years, disease duration was 108 months, and 7% had microalbuminuria. Adherence to a higher-quality diet was low for the mKIDMED (mean 3.7 of a possible range of −3 to 12) and the DASH (mean 42 of 80) and better, for the HEI (mean 56.3 of 100). A borderline inverse association was observed between the HEI score and microalbuminuria after adjustment for caloric and protein intake and demographic and disease factors (odds ratio [OR]HEI 0.83, P = 0.07), which lost significance with further adjustment for HbA1c and systolic blood pressure (ORHEI 0.86, P = 0.19). Results were similar for continuous UACR. No significant associations were observed for diet quality characterized by the mKIDMED or DASH indices.

CONCLUSIONS
Greater adherence to the HEI may be beneficial for kidney health in youth and young adults with type 1 diabetes. Low adherence to the mKIDMED and DASH diets may explain the lack of association with microalbuminuria.
RELACIÓN DE OCLUSIÓN TRANSVERSAL, PREFERENCIA MASTICATORIA Y ANATOMÍA MANDIBULAR EN PACIENTES CON HENDIDURA
Authors: Gómez Juan Pablo , Abello Ángela María , Rojas Sandra Milena 
Published: June 2018

Objetivo. Describir la maloclusión transversal en pacientes con fisura completa labiopalatina unilateral, considerando su extensión, su relación con la preferencia masticatoria y con el desarrollo de las estructuras óseas mandibulares. Método. Este estudio descriptivo consideró una muestra por conveniencia de 27 pacientes. La relación entre mordida cruzada posterior unilateral y preferencia masticatoria se evaluó con el protocolo de Piancino. La anatomía mandibular se evaluó utilizando una escala desarrollada por Gómez et al. Las características transversales de la oclusión se determinaron según la extensión de la mordida cruzada posterior unilateral Se aplicaron pruebas de signifcancia de Chi2 entre las variables categóricas y prueba no parámétrica de Wilcoxon para las variables continuas. Resultados. Veinticuatro pacientes presentaron mordida cruzada posterior, coincidiendo en 24 de ellos el lado de la fisura con el lado de mordida cruzada. En el lado fisurado, la mordida cruzada predominante no incluía el primer molar permanente y en el lado sin fisura predomino la ausencia de mordida cruzada. La preferencia masticatoria sólo tuvo relación con el lado de la mordida cruzada. La simetría ósea mandibular de la muestra fue del 48% y la asimetría del 52%, relacionada ésta última en algunas medidas con el lado de la fisura y de la mordida cruzada. Conclusión. Los pacientes con fisura completa de labio y paladar unilateral presentan con frecuencia maloclusiones transversales con características que difieren de las que afectan a los pacientes sin este tipo de anomalía craneofacial.
Clinical outcome of infants younger than two months in children ward of a tertiary care hospital, Nepal
Authors: Shah Ganesh , Dharel Dinesh , Shah Anish K , Sapkota Bikal , Bhattarai Asmita 
Published: June 2018

Introductions: Newborn and young infants are most vulnerable for preventable deaths, particularly in developing countries. This study was conducted to see the clinical profile and outcome of infants less than two months of age admitted in children ward of Patan Hospital.Methods: This descriptive retrospective study was conducted at Patan Hospital, over 12 months from April 2014 to March 2015. Hospital records of all admitted infants aged less than two months were reviewed. The demographic characteristics, clinical profile and clinical outcome were descriptively analyzed.Results: Out of 2062 admissions in children ward, 614 (29.8%) were infants aged less than two months, out of which 482 were neonates less than 28 days. Among these neonates, 114 were inborn. Out of 436 infections, blood culture was positive in 37 (8.9%). There were 4 (0.04%) deaths, 4 (0.04%) referral and 22 (0.25%) left against medical advice. Infection 436 (436) was the commonest cause of illness, of which neonatal sepsis was 163 (37.4%), pneumonia 130 (30%) staphylococcal skin infection 39 (8.7%) and UTI 34 (7.8%). There were 71 (11.6%) cases of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. Blood culture was positive in 55 (9%) with CONS being the commonest organism isolated; 19 (51.3%).Conclusions: Children ward contributes significantly to the care of sick infants less than two months of age, especially out born ones, requiring neonatal care facility in tertiary level hospital of Nepal. As most admissions are for infection, followed by hyperbilirubinemia, pediatrics wards need to be equipped and staffed accordingly to meet the need of sick young infants.Journal of Patan Academy of Health Sciences. 2016 Dec;3(2):15-18
Understanding the Education Philosophy and Its Implications
Authors: Lamichhane Chandra Dip 
Published: June 2018

Education is the process of facilitating learning, or the acquisition of knowledge, skills, values, beliefs, and habits. Education is the development of all those capabilities in which the individual which is enable him to control his environment and fulfillment his possibilities. It is a process of acquiring new habits, knowledge & skill which together enables learners to do something that he/she could not do before. It is a mental activity by means of which skills, attitude, appreciation and ideas are acquired, resulting in modification of behaviors. The purpose of this article is to discussabout the philosophy, importance and implications of education processin our contemporary environment as well as the world. How the people acquire knowledge, ideas, and skills and utilize to those knowledge and ideas for the development and prosperity of humankind as well as the development of nation and the entire world is the main objective of this article. NCC Journal Vol. 3, No. 1, 2018, Page: 24-29
Poison to the Beasts: Changing Poisons and Poisoning Practices in Campaigns to Kill Norwegian Birds and Mammals, 1845-1967
Authors: Ohman Nielsen May-Brith , Seines Anne Mette 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Between 1845 and 1967 deadly poison was often used to kill and eradicate unwanted wild animals in the Norwegian fauna. The major targets of these poison practices were rats, predators and crows. This article presents the main types of poisons used, the main methods of poison administration and the legislation covering the poisoning-practices in regards to the various species, as well as negotiations over the killing methods and wildlife eradication programmes. Examining the changing social and political organisation of these eradication campaigns brings new insights into the cultural history of poison, into the cultural relations between man and nature and into changing human ideas of safety and danger. We suggest that practices of intentional killing by poisoning of larger animals impinged upon attitudes towards direct or indirect poisoning of insects and concern over toxic risks.
Action and Image in Early Chinese Art
Authors: von Falkenhausen Lothar 
Published: June 2018

On peut distinguer trois modes de représentations figuratives (figures humaines ou animalières) dans l'art de la Chine pré-impériale : hiératiques, ornementales et actives. Les découvertes de l'archéologie moderne montrent que ces trois modes existaient dès l'époque néolithique, mais on ne peut manquer d'observer, pendant certaines périodes et dans certaines régions, la prédominance de l'un ou de l'autre. Dans l'art exclusivement religieux de la Chine centrale, sous les Shang par exemple, c'est le mode hiératique qui prédomine, alors qu'à la périphérie du pays de culture Shang, il en va différemment. Les Zhou occidentaux héritent de ces préférences, mais le mode ornemental s'établit comme prédominant après ca. 850 av. J.-C. À partir de ce point d'articulation de l'histoire de l'art visuel chinois se développe très graduellement au sein de la tradition chinoise un art figuratif permettant la représentation de scènes d'action. En retraçant les précédents néolithiques de cette transformation, et ses parallèles dans les cultures voisines de celles des Shang et des Zhou, on peut démontrer que les innovations dans l'art visuel des Zhou orientaux ne sont nullement le résultat de « progrès » dans le domaine de la production artistique, mais la conséquence d'un affranchissement par rapport aux conventions visuelles antérieures, lié aux changements religieux et sociaux de l'époque.