bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
LC–MS–MS confirmation of 11-nor-9-carboxy-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ8, Δ9, Δ10) and hexahydrocannabinol metabolites in authentic urine specimens
Authors: Patton Amy L , Muir Luette , Seither Joshua Z , Walterscheid Jeffrey P , Karschner Erin L 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Recently, tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) isomers and other semi-synthetic cannabinoids have been introduced into the consumer market as alternatives to botanical cannabis. To assess the prevalence of these potential new analytical targets, a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry confirmation method was developed for the quantitation of seven cannabinoid metabolites and the qualitative identification of four others in urine. The validated method was applied to authentic urine specimens that screened positive by immunoassay (50 ng/mL cutoff; n = 1300). The most commonly observed analytes were 11-nor-9-carboxy-Δ8-THC (Δ8- THCCOOH) and Δ9-THCCOOH, with the combination of the two being the most prominent analyte combination found. In addition to these metabolites, Δ10-THCCOOH was observed in 77 specimens. This is the first study to report Δ10-THCCOOH in authentic urine specimens, with this analyte always appearing in combination with Δ9-THCCOOH. Cross-reactivity studies were performed for (6aR,9R)-Δ10-THCCOOH using the Beckman Coulter EMIT® II Plus Cannabinoid immunoassay and demonstrated cross-reactivity equivalent to the Δ9-THCCOOH cutoff, providing added confidence in the reported prevalence and detection patterns. Additionally, 11-nor-9(R)-carboxy-hexahydrocannabinol (9(R)-HHCCOOH) was the most abundant stereoisomer (n = 12) in specimens containing HHC metabolites alone (n = 14). This is in contrast to 9(S)-HHCCOOH, which was the predominant stereoisomer in specimens containing Δ8- and/or Δ9-THCCOOH. Although HHC and Δ10-THC metabolites are emerging toxicology findings, based on these specimens collected between April 2022 and May 2024, an analytical panel containing Δ8- and Δ9-THCCOOH appears to be sufficient for revealing cannabinoid exposure within workplace monitoring and deterrence programs.
Supranational small arms control and the challenges of dichotomization
Authors: Alwishewa Hiruni 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Since the end of the Cold War, the focal points of international and regional small arms control instruments have expanded to include issues such as lack of transparency, diversion of weapons, and adverse human rights impacts. This article traces the evolution of small arms control since the 1990s and exposes the ongoing challenges posed by entrenched dichotomies. It highlights three critical dichotomies within supranational small arms control instruments: the regulatory distinction between legal arms exports and illicit transfers (structural dichotomy), the definitional divide between small arms and firearms (definitional dichotomy), and the divergent obligations for arms sales and military aid (practical dichotomy). The article argues that, despite significant advancements in small arms control, the potential of these instruments to effectively address issues of transparency, diversion, and human rights impacts continues to be undermined by embedded dichotomies.
Critical Ethics for Communicating Indigenous Craft Practices
Authors: Triggs Teal , Matsunaga Celia , Lewis Matt 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This article explores questions of critical ethics for communicating Indigenous craft practices through the lens of a project undertaken in Brazil in 2021–2022. The project was a collaboration between educators at the Royal College of Art, London, Universidade de Brasília, Brazil, and the Munduruku inhabitants who live in Bragança-Marituba, Pará, Brazil. It resulted in a “living” repository of craft practices and Indigenous Knowledge, incorporated into an online village library. The ethical and methodological questions this raised, especially around the issue of intercultural communication and critical librarianship, offered fresh ways of documenting the representation of Indigenous craft knowledge and traditional cultural heritage and point to how design history can be “owned” by a community.
Research on image design of Fujian paper-cut pattern based on Kansei engineering and WOA-BP neural network
Authors: Chen Daoling , Cheng Pengpeng 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In order to design Fujian paper-cut patterns that meet the perceptual needs of consumers and better inherit and develop them in modern society, a Fujian paper-cut pattern image design method based on perceptual engineering and the Whale Optimization Algorithm optimized BP neural network (WOA-BP) neural network is proposed. First, based on the theory of Kansei engineering, six representative paper-cut pattern samples and their main modeling features were determined through questionnaire survey, multi-dimensional scaling analysis, cluster analysis, and analytic hierarchy process. Second, the semantic difference method is used to obtain the perceptual image evaluation value of the representative paper-cut pattern, and combined with the principal component analysis method, the representative image vocabulary is extracted. Finally, the WOA-BP neural network is used to construct the mapping relationship between consumers' perceptual images and paper-cut pattern modeling features, and calculate the paper-cut pattern modeling code combinations corresponding to consumers' image needs. At the same time, the paper-cut pattern design using the image vocabulary ‘modern-traditional’ as an example verifies the feasibility of the method in this article. Compared with the existing method of designing paper-cut patterns based solely on the subjective experience of the designer, the method of this article can correlate the perceptual needs of consumers with the corresponding modeling characteristics of paper-cut patterns, making the design of paper-cut patterns targeted, precise and intelligent.
REDIportal: toward an integrated view of the A-to-I editing
Authors: D’Addabbo Pietro , Cohen-Fultheim Roni , Twersky Itamar , Fonzino Adriano , Silvestris Domenico Alessandro , Prakash Ananth , Mazzacuva Pietro Luca , Vizcaino Juan Antonio , Green Andrew , Sweeney Blake , Yates Andy , Lussi Yvonne , Luo Jie , Martin Maria-Jesus , Eisenberg Eli , Levanon Erez Y , Pesole Graziano , Picardi Ernesto 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
A-to-I RNA editing is the most common non-transient epitranscriptome modification. It plays several roles in human physiology and has been linked to several disorders. Large-scale deep transcriptome sequencing has fostered the characterization of A-to-I editing at the single nucleotide level and the development of dedicated computational resources. REDIportal is a unique and specialized database collecting ∼16 million of putative A-to-I editing sites designed to face the current challenges of epitranscriptomics. Its running version has been enriched with sites from the TCGA project (using data from 31 studies). REDIportal provides an accurate, sustainable and accessible tool enriched with interconnections with widespread ELIXIR core resources such as Ensembl, RNAcentral, UniProt and PRIDE. Additionally, REDIportal now includes information regarding RNA editing in putative double-stranded RNAs, relevant for the immune-related roles of editing, as well as an extended catalog of recoding events. Finally, we report a reliability score per site calculated using a deep learning model trained using a huge collection of positive and negative instances. REDIportal is available at http://srv00.recas.ba.infn.it/atlas/.
Interpreting CRISPR-Cas12a enzyme kinetics through free energy change of nucleic acids
Authors: Zhang Jiongyu , Guan Xin , Moon Jeong , Zhang Shuo , Jia Zhengyang , Yang Rui , Hou Chengyu , Guo Chong , Pei Minjie , Liu Changchun 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
While CRISPR has revolutionized biotechnology, predicting CRISPR-Cas nuclease activity remains a challenge. Herein, through the trans-cleavage feature of CRISPR-Cas12a, we investigate the correlation between CRISPR enzyme kinetics and the free energy change of crRNA and DNA targets from their initial thermodynamic states to a presumed transition state before hybridization. By subjecting computationally designed CRISPR RNAs (crRNAs), we unravel a linear correlation between the trans-cleavage kinetics of Cas12a and the energy barrier for crRNA spacer and single-stranded DNA target unwinding. This correlation shifts to a parabolic relationship with the energy consumption required for double-stranded DNA target separation. We further validate these correlations using ∼100 randomly selected crRNA/DNA pairs from viral genomes. Through machine learning methods, we reveal the synergistic effect of free energy change of crRNA and DNA on categorizing Cas12a activity on a two-dimensional map. Furthermore, by examining other potential factors, we find that the free energy change is the predominant factor governing Cas12a kinetics. This study will not only empower sequence design for numerous applications of CRISPR-Cas12a systems, but can also extend to activity prediction for a variety of enzymatic reactions driven by nucleic acid dynamics.
The methylation signature of hepatocellular carcinoma trajectory based on pseudotime and chronological time for predicting precancerous patients
Authors: Li Kang , Zang Chaoran , Zhao Yanan , Guo Dandan , Shi Wanting , Mei Tingting , Li Ang , Zhang Yonghong 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Early screening of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is strongly recommended for hepatitis B virus (HBV)-infected patients. We aimed to develop and validate a predictive nomogram based on HCC occurrence trajectory for screening precancerous patients with HCC.

Methods
Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) samples from 22 patients with HCC with their precancerous stage (n = 55) and 18 healthy controls were measured using HumanMethylation EPIC BeadChip assay. HCC trajectory was assessed by pseudotime based on TimeAx algorithm and chronological time. The 43 candidate CpG sites were selected from the methylation signature and measured using multiplex bisulfite sequencing in a retrospective cohort of HBV-infected patients (n = 604). A 5-CpG-classifier was built using the LASSO Cox regression model, based on the association between the methylation level of every CpG and the duration from enrollment to HCC occurrence of individual patient. We validated the risk stratification and predictive accuracy of this classifier in both the primary cohort (n = 300) and independent validation cohort (n = 304).

Results
Pseudotime and chronological time of HCC trajectory analysis revealed that the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway underwent changes in the precancerous stage. Based on the trajectory of methylation signature, we built a 5-CpG-classifier which remained powerful and independent predictive efficiency after stratified analysis by clinicopathological risk factors in both primary cohort and independent validation cohort. A predicting nomogram including the 5-CpG-classifier was constructed after multivariate analysis. One-year cumulative hazard of HCC in low- and high-risk groups of HBV-infected patients was 3.0% (0.1%-5.8%) and 17.90% (11.00%-24.3%) (P &lt; .0001) in primary cohort, 4.5% (1.20%-7.80%) and 27.3 (18.90-34.90) (P &lt; .0001) in the independent validation cohort.

Conclusions
One-year before HCC was a critical period of transitional time when parts of the methylation profile underwent shifting toward HCC like. The nomogram could identify precancerous stage patients with HCC who should be screened for early diagnosis and intervention.
Cyclic nucleotide-gated ion channel 20 regulates melatonin-induced calcium signaling and cold tolerance in watermelon
Authors: Chang Jingjing , Guo Yanliang , Li Jiayue , Liu Lingling , Liu Jiahe , Yuan Li , Wei Chunhua , Ma Jianxiang , Zhang Yong , Ahammed Golam Jalal , Luan Feishi , Liu Yunqi , Zhang Xian , Li Hao 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Melatonin plays a crucial role in regulating plant cold tolerance, but the mechanisms underlying signal transduction remain elusive. In this study, we discovered that overexpression of the melatonin biosynthetic gene caffeic acid O-methyltransferase1 (COMT1) enhanced watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) cold tolerance, accompanied by the accumulation of cytosolic free calcium ([Ca2+]cyt), a stimulation of Ca2+ influx, and upregulation of 4 Ca2+-permeable channel genes (CNGC2/10/17/20). Conversely, the knockout of COMT1 exhibited contrasting effects compared with its overexpression. Knocking out the 4 CNGC genes revealed that only cyclic nucleotide-gated ion channel 20 (CNGC20) mediates melatonin-induced Ca2+ influx in response to cold stimuli. CNGC20 deletion impeded watermelon callus redifferentiation, prompting us to employ a virus-induced gene silencing strategy to suppress its expression. Silencing CNGC20 compromised COMT1 overexpression-induced [Ca2+]cyt accumulation, Ca2+ influx, and watermelon cold tolerance. Yeast 2-hybrid, bimolecular fluorescence complementation, firefly luciferase complementation imaging, and pull-down assays revealed an interaction between CNGC20 and calmodulin7 (CaM7). Overexpressing CaM7 inhibited melatonin-induced [Ca2+]cyt accumulation, Ca2+ influx, and watermelon cold tolerance. Conversely, silencing CaM7 increased [Ca2+]cyt accumulation, Ca2+ influx, and cold tolerance, whereas COMT1 overexpression failed to further enhance these responses in CaM7-silenced plants, indicating the negative regulation role of CaM7 in melatonin-mediated cold responses. Overall, these findings provide insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying melatonin-enhanced plant cold tolerance via Ca2+ signaling, holding potential for breeding/engineering cold-tolerant cucurbit varieties.
Pressure pain sensitivity is independent of structural pathology in patients with subacromial pain syndrome: a cross-sectional analysis
Authors: Pierson Chris , Wilson Richard , Brewer-Mixon Karen , Tzen Yi-Ting , Williamson Jon , Hansen Kristine , Hisel Terri , Jain Nitin 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objective
To compare localized (primary) and widespread (secondary) hyperalgesia through the measurement of the pressure pain threshold (PPT) of patients with normal imaging findings, rotator cuff tear, or other pathologies.

Design
This was a cross-sectional design with data collected at a single time point.

Setting
This study was performed at 2 large, urban, academic medical centers.

Subjects
The included participants had had chronic subacromial pain syndrome for 3 months or longer. Each participant was categorized into 1 of 3 imaging groups: normal imaging, rotator cuff tear, or other structural pathology.

Methods
Primary hyperalgesia was assessed with PPT at the midsection of the painful shoulder’s lateral deltoid. Secondary hyperalgesia was assessed with PPT at the contralateral tibialis anterior muscle (TA). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) were performed for each objective. ANCOVA covariates included age, sex, education level, and pain duration.

Results
The 103 participants included 55 males and had a median age of 55 years, a median pain duration of 14.0 months, and a median composite Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI) score of 43.1%. The ANCOVA for primary hyperalgesia showed no significant difference in square-root-adjusted deltoid PPT among imaging groups (F = 1.04, P = .3589). The ANCOVA for secondary hyperalgesia showed no significant difference in log-adjusted TA PPT among imaging groups (F = 0.24, P = .7900).

Conclusions
No significant difference was observed in the analysis of ipsilateral deltoid or contralateral TA PPT among patients with differing structural shoulder pathologies. These findings suggest that the 3 types of structural shoulder abnormalities we examined are not significantly associated with differences in one measure of hyperalgesia.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov ID NCT03752619.
Can talent policy promote green technology innovation?
Authors: Liu Yiyang , Wang Ying , Loh Lawrence 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Talent policy is conducive to attracting, motivating, and retaining vital, innovative talents to provide continuous motivation and innovation for green development. However, there is a dearth of literature on the impact of talent policy on enterprises’ green technology innovation (GTI). To bridge this gap, we take China’s A-share listed enterprises from 2010 to 2021 as samples, construct a Poisson model to test the relationship between talent policy and GTI, and further reveal the mechanism of executive environmental attention on the relationship between them. The research results are: (1) Talent policy significantly promotes GTI. After a series of tests, this positive effect is robust. (2) Executive environmental attention mediates this relationship. (3) The positive impact of talent policy is more significant in heavy polluting enterprises and non-state-owned enterprises, as well as in the power sector. These findings enrich the literature on incentive policy and GTI and have important practical implications for enterprises and policymakers.
Anxiety symptoms are differentially associated with facial expression processing in boys and girls
Authors: Doucet Gaelle E , Kruse Jordanna A , Keefe Ahrianna , Rice Danielle L , Coutant Anna T , Pulliam Haley , Smith OgheneTejiri V , Calhoun Vince D , Stephen Julia M , Wang Yu-Ping , White Stuart F , Picci Giorgia , Taylor Brittany K , Wilson Tony W 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Facial expressions convey important social information and can initiate behavioral change through the processing and understanding of emotions. However, while this ability is known to evolve throughout development, it remains unclear whether this ability differs between girls and boys or how other variables such as level of anxiety can modulate it. Furthermore, understanding the underlying neural mechanisms of facial expression processing and how they are linked by sex and anxiety during development is essential, as alterations in this processing have been associated with psychiatric disorders. Herein, 191 typically developing youth (6- to 15-years old) completed an implicit face processing task involving three facial expressions (angry, happy, and neutral) during functional magnetic resonance imaging. We conducted linear models on the fMRI data to investigate the impact sex and anxiety on brain responses to emotional faces, accounting for age. Our findings indicated a significant anxiety-by-sex interaction in a posterior network covering bilateral visual and medial temporal cortices during the happy &gt; neutral contrast. Specifically, girls with higher anxiety showed weaker activation while boys showed the opposite pattern. These findings suggest that the inter-subject variability reported in typically developing individuals in response to facial emotions may be related to many factors, including sex and anxiety level.
Evaluating imatinib in severe COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Chagas João Pedro Sarcinelli , de Oliveira Juliana Ribeiro , Brandão Vinicius Andreata , Bellucio Ana Paula Brandão , Dutra João Victor de Azevedo , Dutra Julia Ramos , Cerutti Crispim 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Considering the potential antiviral and immunomodulatory properties of imatinib, this drug has been investigated in several studies as a potential treatment option for severe cases of COVID-19, given that treatment modalities available remain limited.

Objectives
To evaluate the benefits or otherwise of imatinib for COVID-19 in severely ill patients, we performed a systematic review of studies that tested the efficacy and the safety of imatinib for COVID-19 and executed a meta-analysis.

Methods
We searched Medline, Embase and Cochrane with the following search terms: ‘coronavirus’, ‘SARS-Cov2’, ‘covid’, ‘covid-19’ and ‘imatinib’. The latest search date was November 2023. We used Cochrane Collaboration's tool to assess bias in randomized trials.

Results
We included three randomized controlled trials with 561 participants. A total of 276 patients received imatinib and 285 received placebo. The mortality results showed no statistically significant differences between imatinib and controls (RR 0.61; 95% CI 0.37 to 1.01; p=0.06). There was no significant difference in length of hospital stay or severe adverse events occurring between groups.

Conclusions
Current evidence suggests that the potential benefits of imatinib should be further evaluated in randomized controlled trials in patients hospitalized for COVID-19.
Examining the Severity and Progression of Illicitly Manufactured Fentanyl Withdrawal: A Quasi-Experimental Comparison
Authors: Sharma Anjalee , Dunn Kelly E. , Schmid-Doyle Katja , Dowell Sarah , Kim Narie , Strain Eric C. , Bergeria Cecilia 
Published: November 2024

Objective
Illicitly manufactured fentanyl has largely replaced heroin throughout the United States. Characteristics of fentanyl-specific withdrawal are not well understood compared to traditional opioid withdrawal. This study examines opioid withdrawal severity among 2 cohorts of study participants who underwent identical morphine stabilization procedures before and after fentanyl was introduced to the local drug market.

Methods
The Non-Fentanyl study (n = 103) included participants testing positive for non-fentanyl opioids, and the Fentanyl study (n = 30) included participants testing positive for fentanyl. Both studies completed a 7-day morphine stabilization protocol (30 mg subcutaneous, 4 times daily) and multiple daily self-report and observer-rated assessments of opioid withdrawal and vital signs. Two-way repeated-measures analyses of variance (ANOVAs) examined the effects of study, time, and study × time on daily peak ratings for each outcome.

Results
There were significant elevations in self-report and observer-rated withdrawal scores among the Fentanyl versus Non-Fentanyl study (study × time, P < 0.05) during stabilization days 2–5 and days 2–6, respectively. There was a higher rate of tachycardia among the Fentanyl group compared to the Non-Fentanyl study, and peak diastolic blood pressure was greater among the Fentanyl study compared to the Non-Fentanyl study.

Conclusions
Individuals with fentanyl exposure were less stabilized by morphine and experienced more severe opioid withdrawal via several metrics compared to persons with non-fentanyl opioid exposure. Withdrawal also remained elevated for several days despite morphine initiation. Adjustments to existing treatment induction protocols may be needed given the permeation of fentanyl into the heroin supply.