bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficient Computation on Prediction of Welding Residual Stress of a Large and Complex Offshore Structure
Authors: Zhao Hongquan , Yang Jiawei , Zou Jiasheng , Liu Chuan 
Published: February 2019

A mock-up of an offshore structure was prepared by multi-pass welding of several components with different thicknesses, different materials, different grooves, and ultra-long welding lengths. It may be very time consuming to obtain the stress distribution of the mock-up with conventional thermal elastic-plastic (TEP) computational methods. An efficient computation method, i.e. the model separation and stress assembly method, was proposed in the present study to obtain the stress distribution of the mock-up within an acceptable time. The full finite element (FE) model with solid elements was first created and separated into two independent parts, and the stress distribution in each part was obtained by using the TEP FE method. Finally, the full stress distribution in the mock-up was obtained by assembling the stress distributions from each part. The computed results show that the predicted stresses of the mock-up agree with the measured data obtained by using the hole-drilling method and x-ray diffraction method. Therefore, the proposed efficient method for stress simulation in large and complex structures can guarantee the simulation accuracy within an acceptable computation time on a common computer workstation.

1. Introduction
Because of the intense concentration of heating during fusion welding, the welding seam and its vicinity undergo rapid heating and cooling, generating residual stress in the joint. Welding residual stress can be detrimental to the structure's performance because of fatigue, creep, and plastic collapse (Withers 2007). In addition, it can induce stress corrosion cracking (Dong et al. 1997). Therefore, investigation of welding residual stress distribution is very important to facilitate the structure design and life evaluation of welded structures.
The experimental measurement of residual stress has practical limitations. For large and complex structures such as offshore components, it is impossible to obtain the full residual stress distribution from experiments. The finite element (FE) numerical simulation of the welding process can measure the full stress distribution during the welding process with the advantages of being economical, nondestructive, and repeatabile. Therefore, it has been widely applied in many industrial fields to investigate the mechanisms of welding processes, stress and distortion characteristics, and the service life of welded structures (Lindgren 2006).
Algunes dades sobre la influència de les proses mitològiques de Corella a les «Transformacions» de Francesc Alegre
Authors: Pellissa Prades Gemma 
Published: February 2019

A través d’una comparació entre les proses mitològiques de Corella i les Transformacions de Francesc Alegre l’autora mostra que Alegre utilitza materials provinents de les Lamentacions i del Parlament en casa de Berenguer Mercader de Joan Roís de Corella per a la traducció catalana medieval de les Metamorfosis d’Ovidi, escrita entre 1472 i 1482, aproximadament. Així mateix, s’apunten indicis pel que fa a la influència del Raonament de Telamó i Ulisses a les Transformacions. Així, malgrat que Alegre parteix del poema llatí, completa la traducció amb la integració d’altres fonts que decideix no explicitar (Bonsignori, Corella). Finalment, es detecta un indici que apuntaria al fet que Corella pogués haver consultat l’adaptació italiana de Bonsignori o una versió d’Ovidi que en depengués.
Mapeamento dos conselhos municipais de patrimônio cultural no Estado de São Paulo
Authors: Nascimento Rodrigo Modesto 
Published: February 2019

<p>O principal objetivo desse artigo é realizar o mapeamento e o estudo dos conselhos municipais de preservação do patrimônio cultural, no Estado de São Paulo, e seu objeto de pesquisa está circunscrito à análise quantitativa das informações presentes nos <em>sites </em>das prefeituras. Para isso foram selecionados municípios de médio porte (entre 100 e 500 mil habitantes), excluindo-se a região metropolitana da capital.</p><p> </p>
Hypermethylation of the G protein‐coupled receptor kinase 6 (GRK6) promoter inhibits binding of C/EBPα, and GRK6 knockdown promotes cell migration and invasion in lung adenocarcinoma cells
Authors: Yao Sumei , Wu Dandan , Chen Jinliang , Wang Peng , Lv Xuedong , Huang Jianan 
Published: February 2019

We previously reported that the expression of G protein‐coupled receptor kinase 6 (GRK6) is significantly downregulated in lung adenocarcinoma (LADC) tissues, and low expression levels of GRK6 are correlated with poor survival prognosis. However, the specific regulatory mechanisms and functions of GRK6 in LADC remain unknown. Here, we report that GRK6 mRNA expression levels are downregulated in LADC tissues compared to those in matched adjacent non‐tumor tissues (P < 0.001). The promoter of the GRK6 gene was found to be hypermethylated in LADC tissues, and its methylation was correlated with both GRK6 expression and pathology grade. GRK6 promoter hypermethylation may predict shorter overall survival. Treatment with 5‐aza‐2′‐deoxycytidine significantly enhanced GRK6 gene expression. Four binding sites of CCAAT/enhancer‐binding protein‐α (C/EBPα) in the CpG island of the GRK6 gene promoter were predicted in silico, of which three sites were further confirmed by ChIP. Decreased binding of C/EBPα to binding sites 1, 3 and 4 of the GRK6 gene promoter was observed in LADC tissues. Inhibition of C/EBPα significantly inhibited GRK6 expression, while overexpression of C/EBPα significantly promoted GRK6 expression. In addition, overexpression of GRK6 significantly suppressed, while GRK6 knockdown promoted cell migration and invasion. Overexpression of GRK6 enhanced E‐cadherin expression and suppressed vimentin expression, and silencing of GRK6 had the opposite effects. Furthermore, ectopic expression of GRK6 significantly decreased matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 2 and MMP7 protein expression levels. Our findings suggest that hypermethylation of the GRK6 gene promoter suppressed binding of C/EBPα, thereby contributing to the promotion of cell migration and invasion. The methylation status of the GRK6 promoter might be suitable for use as an epigenetic biomarker, and the C/EBPα–GRK6 signaling pathway may be a potential target for LADC.
Impact of Smoking in Response to Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitors in Axial Spondyloarthritis: Methodologic Considerations for Longitudinal Observational Studies
Authors: Zhao Sizheng Steven , Yoshida Kazuki , Jones Gareth T. , Hughes David M. , Tedeschi Sara K. , Lyu Houchen , Moots Robert J. , Solomon Daniel H. , Goodson Nicola J. 
Published: February 2019

ObjectiveObservational data facilitate examination of treatment‐effect heterogeneity, but the risk of bias is substantial. The present study was undertaken to highlight methodologic considerations through an analysis of whether smoking affects response to tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi) in axial spondyloarthritis (SpA).MethodsWe used longitudinal data from the British Society for Rheumatology Biologics Register for Ankylosing Spondylitis. Participants fulfilling the Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society criteria for axial SpA who started their first TNFi were eligible for analysis. In comparing the impact of smoking status, weighted generalized estimating equations were used to examine changes in several continuous outcome measures, including the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI) and the Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score (ASDAS). Inverse probability weights were used to account for differences in baseline covariates and excluded participants. We separately assessed response in the first 3 months to account for nonrandom dropout.ResultsFor 840 participants who started on TNFi, 1,641 assessments from 627 individuals were analyzed (69% male, mean age 46 years). A total of 33% were current smokers and 30% ex‐smokers. Ex‐smokers and current smokers had worse disease than never smokers at baseline. Accounting for these differences, response did not differ according to smoking status. Compared to never smokers, ex‐smokers (β = –0.6, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] –1.4, 0.3) and current smokers (β = –0.4, 95% CI –1.1, 0.4) had a similar response according to the BASDAI and ASDAS (ex‐smokers β = –0.1, 95% CI –0.5, 0.3; current smokers β = –0.01, 95% CI –0.4, 0.4) at 3 months.ConclusionTNFi response did not differ according to baseline smoking status in this UK cohort. Conflicting results from previous studies were likely due to methodologic differences. This analysis highlights potential sources of bias that should be addressed in future studies.
Modifiable Determinants of Exercise Use in a Diverse Ethnic Population With Osteoarthritis
Authors: Vina Ernest R. , Hannon Michael J. , Hausmann Leslie R. M. , Ibrahim Said A. , Dagnino Jazmin , Arellano Andrea , Kwoh C. Kent 
Published: February 2019

ObjectiveTo determine the extent of ethnic differences in the use of exercise for therapy and identify relevant modifiable determinants of exercise use among patients with knee/hip osteoarthritis (OA).MethodsKnee/hip OA study participants were identified. Surveys were administered to collect patient sociodemographic and clinical information, and beliefs and attitudes about providers and treatments. Final multivariable logistic regression models were created using a fully conditional method.ResultsHispanic participants (n = 130), compared to non‐Hispanic participants (n = 232), were less likely to have private medical insurance (9.2% versus 31.0%) or to report having excellent/very good health (40.7% versus 52.6%). They were also less likely to report using exercise for OA treatment in the last 6 months (56% versus 73%; P = 0.003). When adjusted for age and disease severity, the difference in exercise use among ethnicities remained significant (odds ratio [OR] 0.59 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.36–0.99]). In a multivariable logistic regression model designed to determine the most important determinants of exercise use for OA treatment, in the last 6 months the following were all associated with exercise use: having knee instead of hip OA (OR 2.83 [95% CI 1.51–5.29]), having family/friends who exercise (OR 3.20 [95% CI 1.76–5.84]), having a good understanding of what happens after exercise (OR 2.19 [95 CI 1.15–4.19]), and higher perceived benefit of exercise (OR 2.24 [95% CI 1.64–3.04]).ConclusionAmong patients with knee/hip OA, Hispanics were less likely to exercise for OA treatment. Increased knowledge about the benefits of exercise for treatment and improved familiarity with exercise as treatment for OA may increase exercise use.
Long‐Term Outcomes in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: Eighteen Years of Follow‐Up in the Population‐Based Nordic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis Cohort
Authors: Glerup Mia , Rypdal Veronika , Arnstad Ellen Dalen , Ekelund Maria , Peltoniemi Suvi , Aalto Kristiina , Rygg Marite , Toftedal Peter , Nielsen Susan , Fasth Anders , Berntson Lillemor , Nordal Ellen , Herlin Troels ,   the Nordic Study Group of Pediatric Rheumatology
Published: February 2019

ObjectiveThe present study was undertaken to assess the long‐term course, remission rate, and disease burden in juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) 18 years after disease onset in a population‐based setting from the early biologic era.MethodsA total of 510 consecutive cases of JIA with disease onset between 1997 and 2000 from defined geographic regions in Denmark, Norway, Sweden, and Finland were prospectively included in this 18‐year cohort study. At the follow‐up visit, patient‐reported demographic and clinical data were collected.ResultsThe study included 434 (85%) of the 510 eligible JIA participants. The mean ± SD age was 24.0 ± 4.4 years. The median juvenile arthritis disease activity score in 71 joints (JADAS‐71) was 1.5 (interquartile range [IQR] 0–5), with the enthesitis‐related arthritis (ERA) category of JIA having the highest median score (4.5 [IQR 1.5–8.5], P = 0.003). In this cohort, 46% of patients still had active disease, and 66 (15%) were treated with synthetic disease‐modifying antirheumatic drugs and 84 (19%) with biologics. Inactive disease indicated by a JADAS‐71 score of <1 was seen in 48% of participants. Clinical remission off medication (CR) was documented in 33% of the participants with high variability among the JIA categories. CR was most often seen in persistent oligoarticular and systemic arthritis and least often in ERA (P < 0.001).ConclusionA substantial proportion of the JIA cohort did not achieve CR despite new treatment options during the study period. The ERA category showed the worst outcomes, and in general there is still a high burden of disease in adulthood for JIA.
“Stiff–Soft” Binary Synergistic Aerogels with Superflexibility and High Thermal Insulation Performance
Authors: Zhang Junyan , Cheng Yanhua , Tebyetekerwa Mike , Meng Si , Zhu Meifang , Lu Yunfeng 
Published: February 2019

AbstractDesigning aerogel materials featuring both high thermal insulation property and excellent mechanical robustness is of great interest for applications in superior integrated energy management systems. To meet the above requirements, composite aerogels based on hierarchical “stiff–soft” binary networks are reported, in which secondary mesoporous polymethylsilsesquioxane domains intertwined by bacterial cellulose nanofibrillar networks are connected in tandem. The resulting composite aerogels are characterized by highly porous (93.6%) and nanosized structure with a surface area of 660 m2 g−1, leading to the excellent thermal insulation performance with a low thermal conductivity of 15.3 mW m−1 K−1. The integrated “stiff–soft” binary nature also endows the composite aerogels with high flexibility that can conform to various substrates as well as large tensile strength that can withstand more than 2.70 × 104 times its own weight. These composite aerogels show multifunctionality in terms of efficient wearable protection, controllable thermal management, and ultrafast oil/water separation. These favorable multifeatures present composite aerogels ideal for aerospace, industrial, and commercial applications.
Combating Biofilm Associated Infection In Vivo: Integration of Quorum Sensing Inhibition and Photodynamic Treatment based on Multidrug Delivered Hollow Carbon Nitride Sphere
Authors: Sun Yuhuan , Qin Hongshuang , Yan Zhengqing , Zhao Chuanqi , Ren Jinsong , Qu Xiaogang 
Published: February 2019

AbstractRecently, quorum sensing (QS) inhibitors (QSIs) have been combined with antibiotics to enhance antibiofilm efficacy in vitro and in vivo. However, targeting QS signals alone is not enough to prevent bacterial infections. Drug resistance and recurrence of biofilms makes it difficult to eradicate. Herein, photodynamic therapy (PDT) is selected to unite QSIs and antibiotics. A synergistically antibiofilm system, which combines QSIs, antibiotics, and PDT based on hollow carbon nitride spheres (HCNSs) is envisaged. First, HCNS provides the multidrug delivering ability, enabling QSIs and antibiotics to be released in sequence. Subsequently, multistage releases sensitize bacteria effectively, potentiating the chemotherapeutic effects of the antibiotics. Finally, the integration of QSIs and PDT not only minimizes the possibility of drug resistance, but also overcomes the problem of limited mass and extension of PDT. Even after 48 h of incubation, the bacterial biofilm is obviously inhibited. And its biofilm disperse efficiency exceeds 48% (compared with QSI‐potentiated chemotherapy group) and 40% (compared with PDT group). Besides, the inhibition of the QS system influences phenotypes related to virulence factor production and surface hydrophobicity, which weaken biofilm invasion and formation. Eventually, this system is applied to disperse bacterial biofilm in vivo. Overall, PDT and QS modulation are devoted to eradicate drug resistance and recurrence of the biofilm.
Self‐Powered Electrowetting Valve for Instantaneous and Simultaneous Actuation of Paper‐Based Microfluidic Assays
Authors: Guo Zi Hao , Jiao Yu Cui , Wang Hai Lu , Zhang Chen , Liang Fei , Liu Jin Long , Yu Hai Dong , Li Cheng Ming , Zhu Guang , Wang Zhong Lin 
Published: February 2019

AbstractIn this work, a self‐powered electrowetting valve (SPEV) driven by an energy‐harvesting triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) is reported. The TENG (5 × 5 cm2) can produce an open‐circuit voltage of 380 V by applying a mechanical stimulus, which is much higher than the actuation voltage of the SPEV (130 V). Once actuated, the electrowetting valve can be instantly switched on at a response time of 0.18 s, allowing liquid reagent to flow through the valve. The SPEV can be used for simultaneous addition of multiple reagents in an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay on a paper‐based microfluidic analytical device (µPAD). This assay involves a chromogenic reaction that achieves effective detection of alpha‐fetoprotein, a critical tumor marker for early diagnosis of liver cancer. The SPEV reported in this work can be potentially used in other complex multiprocedure µPADs, which will potentially enable portable, accessible, and cost‐effective assays for early diagnosis, food safety, pollution detection, etc.
Interface and Defect Engineering for Metal Halide Perovskite Optoelectronic Devices
Authors: Han Tae‐Hee , Tan Shaun , Xue Jingjing , Meng Lei , Lee Jin‐Wook , Yang Yang 
Published: February 2019

AbstractMetal halide perovskites have been in the limelight in recent years due to their enormous potential for use in optoelectronic devices, owing to their unique combination of properties, such as high absorption coefficient, long charge‐carrier diffusion lengths, and high defect tolerance. Perovskite‐based solar cells and light‐emitting diodes (LEDs) have achieved remarkable breakthroughs in a comparatively short amount of time. As of writing, a certified power conversion efficiency of 22.7% and an external quantum efficiency of over 10% have been achieved for perovskite solar cells and LEDs, respectively. Interfaces and defects have a critical influence on the properties and operational stability of metal halide perovskite optoelectronic devices. Therefore, interface and defect engineering are crucial to control the behavior of the charge carriers and to grow high quality, defect‐free perovskite crystals. Herein, a comprehensive review of various strategies that attempt to modify the interfacial characteristics, control the crystal growth, and understand the defect physics in metal halide perovskites, for both solar cell and LED applications, is presented. Lastly, based on the latest advances and breakthroughs, perspectives and possible directions forward in a bid to transcend what has already been achieved in this vast field of metal halide perovskite optoelectronic devices are discussed.
Recent Progress of Singlet‐Exciton‐Harvesting Fluorescent Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes by Energy Transfer Processes
Authors: Byeon Sung Yong , Lee Dong Ryun , Yook Kyoung Soo , Lee Jun Yeob 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe external quantum efficiency (EQE) of organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) has been dramatically improved by developing highly efficient organic emitters such as phosphorescent emitters and thermally activated delayed fluorescent (TADF) emitters. However, high‐EQE OLED technologies suffer from relatively poor device lifetimes in spite of their high EQEs. In particular, the short lifetimes of blue phosphorescent and TADF OLEDs remain a big hurdle to overcome. Therefore, the high‐EQE approach harvesting singlet excitons of fluorescent emitters by energy transfer processes from the host or sensitizer has been explored as an alternative for high‐EQE OLED strategies. Recently, there has been a big jump in the EQE and device lifetime of singlet‐exciton‐harvesting fluorescent OLEDs. Recent progress on the materials and device structure is discussed herein.
Tumor Microenvironment‐Activatable Prodrug Vesicles for Nanoenabled Cancer Chemoimmunotherapy Combining Immunogenic Cell Death Induction and CD47 Blockade
Authors: Zhou Fangyuan , Feng Bing , Yu Haijun , Wang Dangge , Wang Tingting , Ma Yuting , Wang Siling , Li Yaping 
Published: February 2019

AbstractChemoimmunotherapy is reported to activate a robust T cell antitumor immune response by triggering immunogenic cell death (ICD), which has initiated a number of clinical trials. However, current chemoimmunotherapy is restricted to a small fraction of patients due to low drug delivery efficacy and immunosuppression within the tumor microenvironment. A tumor microenvironment‐activatable prodrug vesicle for cancer chemoimmunotherapy using ICD is herein reported. The prodrug vesicles are engineered by integrating an oxaliplatin (OXA) prodrug and PEGylated photosensitizer (PS) into a single nanoplatform, which show tumor‐specific accumulation, activation, and deep penetration in response to the tumoral acidic and enzymatic microenvironment. It is demonstrated that codelivery of OXA prodrug and PS can trigger ICD of the tumor cells by immunogenic cells killing. The combination of prodrug vesicle‐induced ICD with Î ± CD47‐mediated CD47 blockade further facilitates dendritic cell (DC) maturation, promotes antigen presentation by DCs, and eventually propagates the antitumor immunity of ICD. CD47 blockade and ICD induction efficiently inhibit the growth of both primary and abscopal tumors, suppress tumor metastasis, and prevent tumor recurrence. Collectively, these results imply that boosting antitumor immunity using ICD induction and suppressing tumor immune evasion via CD47 blockade might be promising for improved cancer chemoimmunotherapy.
NIR Biosensing of Neurotransmitters in Stem Cell‐Derived Neural Interface Using Advanced Core–Shell Upconversion Nanoparticles
Authors: Rabie Hudifah , Zhang Yixiao , Pasquale Nicholas , Lagos Maureen J. , Batson Philip E. , Lee Ki‐Bum 
Published: February 2019

AbstractNondestructive neurotransmitter detection and real‐time monitoring of stem cell differentiation are both of great significance in the field of neurodegenerative disease and regenerative medicine. Although luminescent biosensing nanoprobes have been developed to address this need, they have intrinsic limitations such as autofluorescence, scattering, and phototoxicity. Upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) have gained increasing attention for various biomedical applications due to their high photostability, low auto‐fluorescent background, and deep tissue penetration; however, UCNPs also suffer from low emission intensities due to undesirable energy migration pathways. To address the aforementioned issue, a single‐crystal core–shell–shell “sandwich” structured UCNP is developed that is designed to minimize deleterious energy back‐transfer to yield bright visible emissions using low power density excitations. These UCNPs show a remarkable enhancement of luminescent output relative to conventional β‐NaYF4:Yb,Er codoped UCNPs and β‐NaYF4:Yb,Er@NaYF4:Yb “active shell” alike. Moreover, this advanced core–shell–shell UCNP is subsequently used to develop a highly sensitive biosensor for the ultrasensitive detection of dopamine released from stem cell‐derived dopaminergic‐neurons. Given the challenges of in situ detection of neurotransmitters, the developed NIR‐based biosensing of neurotransmitters in stem cell‐derived neural interfaces present a unique tool for investigating single‐cell mechanisms associated with dopamine, or other neurotransmitters, and their roles in neurological processes.