bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Brexpiprazole has a low risk of dopamine D2 receptor sensitization and inhibits rebound phenomena related to D2 and serotonin 5‐HT2A receptors in rats
Authors: Amada Naoki , Akazawa Hitomi , Ohgi Yuta , Maeda Kenji , Sugino Haruhiko , Kurahashi Nobuyuki , Kikuchi Tetsuro , Futamura Takashi 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundLong‐term antipsychotic treatment in patients with schizophrenia can induce supersensitivity psychosis and tardive dyskinesia which is thought to be caused by dopamine D2 receptor sensitization. We evaluated the effects of brexpiprazole on D2 receptor sensitivity after subchronic treatment in rats. We also evaluated whether brexpiprazole could suppress enhanced response to D2 receptors in rats subchronically dosed with another atypical antipsychotic.MethodsThe maximum D2 receptor density (Bmax) and apomorphine (a D2 receptor agonist)‐induced stereotypy were measured in rats orally dosed with vehicle, haloperidol (1 mg/kg), or brexpiprazole (4 or 30 mg/kg for Bmax, 6 or 30 mg/kg for stereotypy) for 21 days. Then, effects of oral administrations of brexpiprazole (3 mg/kg), aripiprazole (10 mg/kg), and olanzapine (3 mg/kg) against increases in apomorphine‐induced hyperlocomotion and (±)‐2,5‐dimethoxy‐4‐iodoamphetamine hydrochloride (DOI: a 5‐HT2A receptor agonist)‐induced head twitches were evaluated in rats subcutaneously treated with risperidone (1.5 mg/kg/d) via minipumps for 21 days.ResultsHaloperidol and brexpiprazole (30 mg/kg: approximately tenfold ED50 of anti‐apomorphine‐induced stereotypy) but not brexpiprazole (4 or 6 mg/kg) significantly increased the Bmax and apomorphine‐induced stereotypy. Brexpiprazole (3 mg/kg) and olanzapine (3 mg/kg) significantly suppressed both increases in apomorphine‐induced hyperlocomotion and also DOI‐induced head twitches in rats subchronically treated with risperidone, but aripiprazole (10 mg/kg) significantly suppressed only apomorphine‐induced hyperlocomotion.ConclusionBrexpiprazole has a low risk of D2 receptor sensitization after a repeated administration and suppresses the rebound phenomena related to D2 and 5‐HT2A receptors after a repeated administration of risperidone.
Feasibility and acceptability of an animatronic duck intervention for promoting adaptation to the in‐patient setting among pediatric patients receiving treatment for cancer
Authors: Miller Tamara P. , Klosky James L. , Zamora Fernanda , Swift Megan , Mertens Ann C. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundDuring cancer treatment, children undergo potentially stressful hospitalizations and procedures. Animatronic devices are a promising means of distraction intervention. This study aimed to assess acceptability and feasibility of the My Special Aflac Duck® (MSAD) intervention among pediatric oncology patients and parents. We hypothesized that MSAD would be feasible to implement, have greater than 50% acceptance, and be useful distraction.ProceduresThis feasibility study enrolled oncology patients aged 3‐11 years admitted to Children's Healthcare of Atlanta between May and August 2018. Patients were exposed to MSAD for 3 days and completed quantitative and qualitative assessments of acceptability. Patient and hospital data were abstracted.ResultsSeventeen (80.9%) of 21 eligible patients enrolled; 64.7% were <7 years, 47% were female, 52.9% had leukemia, 41.2% had solid tumors, and 5.9% had brain tumors. Patients had 1‐12 previous admissions (mean 4.8, SD 3.1) and approximately 65% were planned hospitalizations. Approximately 69% reported MSAD helped reduce in‐patient distress and 93.7% were satisfied with MSAD overall. Child satisfaction was high. There were no significant differences in acceptability or satisfaction with MSAD based on age, gender, number of inpatient procedures or previous hospitalizations, or hospitalization reason. Qualitative interviews revealed patients liked expressing feelings with tokens and thought MSAD was a fun distraction.ConclusionsMSAD implementation was feasible, and its acceptability was high among both patients and parents. MSAD shows potential as good distraction and an alternative means of communicating feelings. Future research should expand upon the effectiveness of MSAD on reducing distress.
Natural rubber nanocomposites with MWCNT@POSS hybrid filler: Preparation and properties
Authors: Somasekharan Lakshmipriya , Xavier Priti , Bose Suryasarathi , Zachariah Ajesh K. , Kalarikkal Nandakumar , Anil Kumar S. , Thomas Sabu 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe use of hybrid fillers can replace conventional nanoparticles in the area of fabrication of nanocomposites due to their superior properties owing to the synergistic action from the individual components. Here we prepared for the first time, polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane and multiwalled carbon nanotube hybrid filler based natural rubber nanocomposites by two‐roll mill mixing method. The filler‐polymer interactions were studied from frequency sweep and strain sweep rheological measurements. The cure characteristics of the nanocomposites threw light into the effect of the nanofiller on vulcanization reactions and crosslinked networks. The transmission electron microscopic images provided information about the filler dispersion in the polymer matrix and could be correlated with the material properties. The mechanical properties of the composites were also examined which showed the extent of reinforcement provided by the hybrid filler on the NR matrix.
Multiple imputation for systematically missing confounders within a distributed data drug safety network: A simulation study and real‐world example
Authors: Secrest Matthew H. , Platt Robert W. , Reynier Pauline , Dormuth Colin R. , Benedetti Andrea , Filion Kristian B. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractPurposeIn distributed data networks, some data sites may be systematically missing important confounders that are captured by other sites in the network (eg, body mass index [BMI]). Multiple imputation may help repair bias in these scenarios. However, multiple imputation has not been described for distributed data networks where data access restrictions prevent centralized analysis.MethodsWe conducted a simulation study and a real‐world analysis using the UK's Clinical Practice Research Datalink to evaluate multiple imputation for confounders that are systematically missing from a subset of data sites in mock distributed data networks. The simulation study addressed univariate missing data, while the real‐world analysis addressed multivariate missing data. Both studies were designed as retrospective cohort studies of the effect of current statin use on the risk of myocardial infarction among patients with newly treated type 2 diabetes.ResultsIn our simulation study, multiple imputation repaired bias from missing BMI in all scenarios, with a median bias reduction of 118% in the default scenario. In our real‐world study, the multiply imputed analysis (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.86; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.69‐1.08) was closer to the analysis that considered the true confounder values (HR: 0.85; 95% CI, 0.66‐1.10) than the analysis that ignored them (HR: 0.93; 95% CI, 0.73‐1.20).ConclusionsMultiple imputation adapted to distributed data settings is a feasible method to reduce bias from unmeasured but measurable confounders when at least one database contains the variables of interest. Further research is needed to evaluate its validity in real distributed data networks.
New stable colored complex of Al3+ with 1',3',3'‐trimethylspiro[2H‐1‐benzopyran‐2,2'‐indoline] (BIPS)
Authors: Levin Peter P. , Belikov Nikolay E. , Levina Irina I. , Tatikolov Alexander S. , Khodonov Andrey A. , Khudyakov Igor V. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractUltraviolet‐visible (UV‐vis) absorption, flash photolysis, and 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy were used to investigate the mechanism of formation and structure of complexes in the 1',3',3'‐trimethylspiro[2H‐1‐benzopyran‐2,2'‐indoline] (SP, also well known as BIPS) with Al3+ (inorganic salts) in ethanol (EtOH), methanol (MeOH), and in aqueous MeOH solutions. A labile (equilibrium constants ≤ 5000 M−1) complex of SP and Al3+ with broad absorption band in the UV‐vis with λmax = 380 nm appeared promptly in the presence of an excess of Al3+. The slow formation of a stable complex (SC) between Al3+ and two merocyanine (MC) forms of SP with an intensive absorption band at λmax = 430 nm is observed with a yield of 1.0 upon keeping the solutions of these two compounds at constant concentration ratio [Al3+] ≥[SP]/2 in the dark. The rate constants of such SC formation were close to the corresponding rate constant of the transformation of SP into MC in the dark (5.0×10−5‐1×10‐3 s‐1, depending upon the solvent). The photolysis of the SC with visible light (λ > 400 nm) results in the total conversion of the SC into SP. The SC forms promptly after the addition of Al3+ at concentrations of the same order as those of MC. This method allows detection of [Al3+] to concentrations as low as 50 nM. The kinetics and thermodynamic parameters of the SP and MC reactions and of their complex formation with Al3+ are discussed.
Tailored wettability of plasma polymers made of C–F, C–H, and N–H
Authors: Prysiazhnyi Vadym , Kratochvil Jiri , Stranak Vitezslav 
Published: September 2019

AbstractNew trends toward green technologies and broad utilization of polymers have led to intense research on surfaces with controlled wettability. This study demonstrates an easy method to control the wettability (estimated by static water contact angle [WCA]) of a polymer surface by introducing a proper ratio of C–F, C–H, and N–H bonds. The preparation method combines magnetron sputtering from a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) target and plasma‐enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) from a nitrogen/acetylene mixture, making it environment‐friendly, unlike PECVD from hydrocarbons/fluorocarbons. The proposed method allows depositing plasma polymers with WCAs from 110° to 17° by varying only the gas composition. The corresponding plasma polymers consist of C:F (magnetron sputtering of PTFE), C:F:N:H (reactive magnetron sputtering and PECVD), and a‐C:H (PECVD from acetylene).
How rock glacier hydrology, deformation velocities and ground temperatures interact: Examples from the Swiss Alps
Authors: Kenner Robert , Pruessner Luisa , Beutel Jan , Limpach Philippe , Phillips Marcia 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAn increasing number of studies highlight the controlling influence of water on rock glacier deformation velocities. The link between the concept of water‐driven shearing processes and numerous observations of correlating mean annual air or ground temperatures and rock glacier velocities is discussed here. We present a dataset measured at the Schafberg rock glacier in the Eastern Swiss Alps, complemented by temperature data from three other rock glaciers in the Swiss Alps, which allowed us to reconstruct the processes influencing both mean annual ground temperatures and rock glacier deformation velocity. Rock glacier hydrology is the parameter linking rock glacier temperature and velocities and is a crucial influencing factor. The main external forcing parameter appart from mean annual air temperature is early winter snow coverage. The study shows that the concept of water being a controlling factor for rock glacier velocity is no contradiction to the observed correlations between air or ground temperature and rock glacier deformation.
Acute and chronic toxicity of acetamiprid, carbaryl, cypermethrin and deltamethrin to Apis mellifera larvae reared in vitro
Authors: Yang Yang , Ma Shilong , Liu Feng , Wang Qiang , Wang Xing , Hou Chunsheng , Wu Yanyan , Gao Jing , Zhang Li , Liu Yongjun , Diao Qingyun , Dai Pingli 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe effects of exposing Apis mellifera larvae to common insecticides were tested in the laboratory.ResultsThe acute toxicity values of the four insecticides that we tested ranged from high toxicity to low toxicity: deltamethrin > cypermethrin > carbaryl > acetamiprid. The NOAEC (no observed adverse effect concentration) values of the chronic toxicity tests for each compound are 5 mg L−1 for acetamiprid, 2 mg L−1 for carbaryl, 1 mg L−1 for cypermethrin, and 0.2 mg L−1 for deltamethrin.ConclusionAccording to the risk quotient (RQ) values of acute and chronic toxicity that we obtained, the risk is acceptable at exposure rates that have been identified in the field. Overall, our results are valuable for evaluating the acute and chronic toxicities of these insecticides to developing honey bees. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Evaluating 3D local descriptors and recursive filtering schemes for LIDAR‐based uncooperative relative space navigation
Authors: Kechagias‐Stamatis Odysseas , Aouf Nabil , Dubanchet Vincent 
Published: September 2019

AbstractWe propose a light detection and ranging (LIDAR)‐based relative navigation scheme that is appropriate for uncooperative relative space navigation applications. Our technique combines the encoding power of the three‐dimensional (3D) local descriptors that are matched exploiting a correspondence grouping scheme, with the robust rigid transformation estimation capability of the proposed adaptive recursive filtering techniques. Trials evaluate several current state‐of‐the‐art 3D local descriptors and recursive filtering techniques on a number of both real and simulated scenarios that involve various space objects including satellites and asteroids. Results demonstrate that the proposed architecture affords a 50% odometry accuracy improvement over current solutions, while also affording a low computational burden. From our trials we conclude that the 3D descriptor histogram of distances short (HoD‐S) combined with the adaptive αβ filtering poses the most appealing combination for the majority of the scenarios evaluated, as it combines high quality odometry with a low processing burden.
Enhancing Oxygen Evolution Reaction through Modulating Electronic Structure of Trimetallic Electrocatalysts Derived from Metal–Organic Frameworks
Authors: Li Yuwen , Zhao Tao , Lu Mengting , Wu Yuhang , Xie Yuanbo , Xu Hui , Gao Junkuo , Yao Juming , Qian Guodong , Zhang Qichun 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe construction of efficient, durable, and non‐noble metal electrocatalysts for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is of great value but challenging. Herein, a facile method is developed to synthesize a series of trimetallic (W/Co/Fe) metal–organic frameworks (MOFs)‐derived carbon nanoflakes (CNF) with various Fe content, and an Fe‐dependent volcano‐type plot can be drawn out for WCoFex
‐CNF. The optimized WCoFe0.3‐CNF (when the feed ratio of Fe/Co is 0.3) demonstrates superior electrocatalytic performance with a low overpotential of only 254 mV@10 mA cm−2 and excellent durability of 100 h. Further researches show that appropriate amount of iron doping can regulate the electronic structure, resulting in a favorable synergistic environment. This method may stimulate the exploration of electrocatalysts by utilizing MOFs as precursors while realizing electronic modulation by multimetal doping.
Fatigue damage analysis of reinforced concrete column considering low‐cycle behavior of HRB400 steel
Authors: Xiao Yunfeng , Zhang Yaoting , Lu Jiezhi , Liu Yong 
Published: September 2019

SummaryIn this study, a damage model‐based fatigue behavior is proposed. To consider the fatigue behavior of steel in the damage model, the experimental research on reinforcing steel bar grades HRB400 was presented. The monotonic tension test and low‐cycle fatigue test were carried out. The plastic strain amplitude–fatigue cycle (εp–2Nf) curve and plastic strain amplitude–strength loss factor (εp–ϕSR) curve were obtained. The fatigue parameters (Cf, Cd, and α) were proposed by nonlinear fitting. The specimens were simulated using the “Reinforcing Steel” material in “OpenSees” program. These fatigue parameters were proved to accurately describe the fatigue behavior of HRB400 rebar. Moreover, to verify the application of fatigue damage model in RC column, fiber‐based element models were established based on the quasi‐static cyclic test on RC columns. The calculated results agreed well with those of the tests. The damage degree of RC column was calculated by the recorded stress–strain curves of material. The proposed fatigue parameters could be referred in damage model based on material fatigue behavior.
Molecular phylogeny and taxonomic synopsis of the angraecoid genus Ypsilopus (Orchidaceae, Vandeae)
Authors: D'haijère Tania , Mardulyn Patrick , Dong Ling , Plunkett Gregory M. , Simo‐Droissart Murielle , Droissart Vincent , Stévart Tariq 
Published: September 2019

Previous phylogenetic analyses focused on angraecoid orchids suggested that the genus Ypsilopus was paraphyletic and that some species of Tridactyle and Rangaeris belong to a clade that included Ypsilopus. These studies, based on three to four genes, sampled few taxa in each genus, and did not include the type of Rangaeris, nor did they take morphological variation into account. To delineate Ypsilopus more precisely, we reconstructed phylogenetic relationships of the genus and seven other closely related genera by analysing sequence variation at the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS‐1) and at five plastid markers (matK, rps16, trnC‐petN intergenic spacer, trnL‐trnF intergenic spacer, ycf1), from 42 specimens representing 36 taxa. Trees based on maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference confirm that two species of Tridactyle are nested with three Ypsilopus species, including the type of the latter, and two species of Rangaeris are grouped with this clade. Moreover, we examined morphological variation among all species belonging to these three genera, highlighting morphological features that characterize Ypsilopus, and we used these data to assign the two species of Tridactyle included in the molecular analyses, three other species of Tridactyle not included in the molecular analyses and two species of Rangaeris to Ypsilopus. New combinations for Tridactyle citrina, T. furcistipes, T. sarcodantha, T. tanneri, T. tricuspis, Rangaeris amaniensis and R. schliebenii in Ypsilopus are thus proposed, and one new section (i.e., Ypsilopus sect. Barombiella) is described. Keys to the species of Ypsilopus and closely related genera are provided, along with a table of characters that can be used to differentiate these species.
Carthamus tinctorius L. extract activates insulin‐like growth factor‐I receptor signaling to inhibit FAS‐death receptor pathway and suppress lipopolysaccharides‐induced H9c2 cardiomyoblast cell apoptosis
Authors: Tung Chun‐Liang , Ju Da‐Tong , Velmurugan Bharath Kumar , Ban Bo , Dung Tran D. , Hsieh Dennis J.‐Y. , P. Viswanadha Vijaya , Day Cecilia H. , Lin Yueh‐Min , Huang Chih‐Yang 
Published: September 2019

AbstractCarthamus tinctorius L. (Compositae) is used in Chinese medicine to treat heart disease and inflammation. In our previous study, we found that C. tinctorius L. inhibited lipopolysaccharides (LPS)‐induced tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α) activation, JNK expression, and apoptosis in H9c2 cardiomyoblast cells. The present study was performed to investigate the protective effect of C. tinctorius extract (CTF) on LPS‐challenged H9c2 myocardioblast cell and to explore the possible underlying mechanism. Cell viability assay showed that LPS treatment decreased the cell viability of H9c2 cell, whereas CTF treatment reversed LPS cytotoxicity in a dose‐dependent manner, especially in the LPS + CTF 25 (μg/mL) group. LPS treatment‐induced apoptosis was determined by transferase‐mediated dUTP nick end labeling assay, and by Western blot. LPS‐induced apoptotic bodies were decreased following CTF treatment. Expression of TNF‐α, FAS‐L, FAS, FADD, caspase‐8, BID, and t‐BID was significantly increased in LPS‐treated H9c2 cells. In contrast, it was significantly suppressed by the administration of CTF extract. In addition, CTF treatment activates antiapoptotic proteins, Bcl‐2 and p‐Bad, and downregulates Bax, cytochrome‐c, caspase‐9, caspase‐3, and apoptosis‐inducing factor expression. Furthermore, CTF exerted cytoprotective effects by activating insulin‐like growth factor‐I (IGF‐I) signaling pathway leading to downregulation of the apoptotic proteins involved in FAS death receptor pathway. In addition, AG1024 and IGF‐I receptor (IGF‐IR) inhibitor and siRNA silencing reverses the effect of CTF implying that CTF functions through the IGF‐IR pathway to inhibit LPS‐induced H9c2 apoptosis. These results suggest that treatment with CTF extract prevented the LPS‐induced apoptotic response through IGF‐I pathway.
Integration of gadolinium in nanostructure for contrast enhanced‐magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Marasini Ramesh , Thanh Nguyen Tuyen Duong , Aryal Santosh 
Published: September 2019

AbstractMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a routinely used imaging technique in medical diagnostics, which is further enhanced with the use of contrast agents (CAs). The most commonly used CAs are gadolinium‐based contrast agents (GBCAs), in which gadolinium (Gd) is chelated with organic chelating agents (linear or cyclic). However, the use of GBCA is related to toxic side effect due to the release of free Gd3+ ions from the chelating agents. The repeated use of GBCAs has led to Gd deposition in various major organs including bone, brain, and kidneys. As a result, the use of GBCA has been linked to the development of nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF). Due to the GBCA associated toxicities, some clinically approved GBCAs have been limited or revoked recently. Therefore, there is an urgent need for the development of new strategies to chelate and stabilize Gd3+ ions for contrast enhancement, safety profile, and selective imaging of a pathological site. Toward this endeavor, GBCAs have been engineered using different nanoparticulate systems to improve their stability, biocompatibility, and pharmacokinetics. Throughout this review, some of the important strategies for engineering small molecular Gd3+ chelates into a nanoconstruct is discussed. We focus on the development of GBCAs as liposomes, mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs), polymeric nanocarriers, and plasmonic nanoparticles‐based design strategies to improve safety and contrast enhancement for contrast enhanced‐magnetic resonance imaging (Ce‐MRI). We also discuss the in‐vitro/in‐vivo properties of strategically designed nanoscale MRI CAs, its potentials, and limitations.This article is categorized under:
Diagnostic Tools > in vivo Nanodiagnostics and Imaging
Diagnostic Tools > Diagnostic Nanodevices
Toxicology and Regulatory Issues in Nanomedicine > Toxicology of Nanomaterials