bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quality of life and adaptation in older men and women with chronic cerebral ischemia
Authors: Abramova V. N. , Slyusar T. A. 
Published: November 2024

Objective. To study the quality of life and adaptation of elderly men and women with chronic cerebral ischemia.Materials and methods. The study included 65 patients (31 men and 34 women, mean age 81.6±1.1 years) diagnosed withchronic cerebral ischemia. The assessment of quality of life carried out by using the Russian version of the general questionnaire “SF-36 HEALTH STATUS SURVEY”. The level of asthenia studied using the MFI-20 questionnaire. Levels of anxiety and depression were determined using the HADS scale. Adaptive reactions studied in the leukocyte blood count by calculating the percentage of lymphocytes and segmented neutrophils.Results. The patients rated their quality of life low in all areas, including the areas of physical capabilities, psychological well-being and social activity. A high prevalence and varying degrees of severity of asthenia, anxiety and depressive disorders revealed in all patients, more pronounced in women. The formation of homeostatic blood reactions was observed, indicating a decrease in the level of adaptation.
Gender features of clinical manifestations and quality of life indicators in generalized myasthenia
Authors: Yuldashev Kh. F. , Vstavskaya T. G. , Alibekov E. R. , Afanasyeva M. Yu. , Klocheva E. G. , Goldobin V. V. 
Published: November 2024

Objective. To study the influence of clinical indicators of myasthenia gravis severity to the quality of life of men and women with generalized myasthenia gravis.Materials and methods. The study included 41 patients aged 60.4±16.4 years with generalized myasthenia gravis: 31 (76 %) women and 10 (24 %) men. Clinical manifestations of myasthenia gravis were assessed with quantitative myasthenia gravis score, myasthenia gravis-specific activities of daily living scale and short form of specialized quality of life questionnaire. Forced vital respiratory capacity was measured in all patients with subsequent additional data calculation.Results. We revealed significant improvement of examined data during hospitalization in both males and females, but in females, significant improvement was established in all quantitative myasthenia gravis score subscales. In men worse affection of swallowing muscles and severe pain phenomena were revealed. Correlations of physical functioning parameter with total quantitative myasthenia gravis score and with score characterizing the strength of limb muscles were revealed in studying group.Conclusion. Clinical manifestations and course of myasthenia gravis have the peculiarities n men and women. Quality of life disorder in studying patients correlated with severity of clinical manifestations, mainly with limb weakness.
Current aspects of diabetic polyneuropathy in children
Authors: Koryakina O. V. , Kovtun O. P. , Bazarny V. V. , Lebedev I. A. , Boldyreva Yu. V. , Orekhova N. E. , Khrushcheva E. A. , Shoeva S. M. 
Published: November 2024

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a serious medical and social problem of our time due to its high prevalence, lethality, early onset of disability and increasing morbidity. In children and adolescents, type 1 diabetes (DM1), characterized by absolute insulin deficiency due to autoimmune or idiopathic lesions of pancreatic β-cells, is registered more often. Every year, the total number of patients with DM1 under 18 years of age in the Russian Federation increases by several tens of thousands of people. DM is accompanied by various complications and one of the most frequent is diabetic polyneuropathy (DP), which occurs in half of children with DM1 more than 3 years. The progressive course of DP leads to the development of serious consequences affecting the quality of life and prognosis of patients. At the same time, at present, many aspects of this complication are insufficiently studied or have contradictory data, which justifies the expediency of systematization of materials on the pathogenesis of DP, effective methods of diagnostics and treatment of the disease in childhood.The aim of the work was to analyze modern scientific publications devoted to the study of DP in children, based on the search of literature sources in PubMed, CyberLeninka and RINC databases. A total of 58 bibliographic publications were reviewed, including contemporary resources from the period 2019–2023.
Age-related features of the main risk factors and clinical and laboratory parameters in men aged 30–50 years with atherothrombotic stroke
Authors: Pizov N. A. 
Published: November 2024

Introduction. Ischemic stroke in patients under 50 years of age is not uncommon. The prevalence of stroke in young people increases due to the increase in risk factors. Early detection of risk factors and optimization of primary and secondary preventive therapy are mandatory to reduce the burden of stroke in young people and preserve potential years of life.Objective. To identify and evaluate the main risk factors and clinical and laboratory parameters in men aged 31–40 and 41–50 years with atherothrombotic stroke.Material and methods. Before the development of the COVID-19 pandemic, 60 patients were examined (mean age 43.3±3.8 years). All patients underwent neuroimaging of the brain, ultrasound examination of the main vessels of the head, echocardiography, ECG, and laboratory analysis of blood serum.Results. Among all patients, there were 10 patients aged 31–40 years (mean age 37.4±2.6 years) and 50 patients aged 41–50 years (mean age 44.5±2.8 years). All patients had atherosclerotic lesions of the main arteries of the head, with stenosis of more than 70 % only in patients aged 41–50 years. Among patients aged 31–40 years and 41–50 years, the most common risk factors were arterial hypertension (90 and 72 %), smoking (70 and 72 %), dyslipidemia (66.7 and 60 %), and regular alcohol consumption (30 and 36 %). The study showed statistically significant correlations of the main vascular risk factors with serum lipid metabolism indices, hemostasis and endothelial dysfunction markers.Conclusions. The study showed the frequency of occurrence of the main risk factors in patients with atherothrombotic stroke aged 31–40 and 41–50 years, as well as the role of lipid metabolism disorders, hemostasis disorders and endothelial dysfunction in their development.
The effectiveness of antidepressant therapy against anhedonia in patients with alcohol dependence
Authors: Khizhnyak D. G. , Barylnik Yu. B. , Makaryan E. S. , Gildebrant A. V. , Aredakov K. G. 
Published: November 2024

The article presents the results of a scientific study aimed at determining the effectiveness of the drug Vortioxetine (Brintellix) in the treatment of affective spectrum disorders in patients with alcohol dependence in a drug treatment hospital, since the drug is promising for widespread use in the drug therapy of a number of mental disorders and in the future could be included in the standard of medical care in the field of psychiatry-addictology. It is known that anhedonia is one of the mental disorders in withdrawal syndrome, which provokes relapses of an addictive disorder and negatively affects the duration and quality of remissions of patients with an addiction profile. At the same time, the study of antidepressant therapy in the treatment of alcohol dependence remains relevant, since poor tolerance, side effects, and deterioration of the patient's general condition may affect adherence to drug therapy. In the present study, anhedonia was assessed on the Snaith-Hamilton SHAPS scale, anxiety-depressive manifestations using the HADS hospital anxiety and depression scale and quality of life according to the SF-36 questionnaire during 24 weeks of follow-up.The result of drug therapy with Vortioxetine was the relief of affective disorders in alcohol dependence, which contributed to the improvement of overall subjective well-being, the degree of satisfaction with the quality of life and a decrease in anxiety-depressive tendencies and anhedonia. In addition, minimal and minor adverse reactions when taking Vortioxetine affected the increased adherence of the examined patients to medical prescriptions and recommendations.Conclusions. The use of Vortioxetine in the treatment of affective disorders among patients suffering from alcohol dependence provides new opportunities to help people suffering from alcohol addiction. Vortioxetine can be recommended both at the stage of inpatient care and outpatient treatment, since when it was taken, stable positive dynamics of antidepressant, anti-anxiety and antiangedonic effects were recorded.
Pain syndrome, “dropped head” and myasthenia gravis: a case report and literature review
Authors: Merkulov Yu. A. , Plieva E. L. , Merkulova D. M. 
Published: November 2024

The objective of the study is to present a description of the first domestic clinical observation of the painful dropped head syndrome in a patient with myasthenia gravis (MG).Materials and Methods. Clinical, laboratory and instrumental data were analyzed over the course of MG symptoms with late onset in combination with thymoma, manifesting with pain and weakness in the neck extensors.Results. The characteristic and unique features of diagnostics and treatment of MG developed in a 59-year-old patient associated with antecollis and significant pain syndrome, initially considered as manifestations of osteochondrosis, are observed in comparison with the literature data. The information on the occurrence, demographic origin, association with the type of receptor targets, thymus pathology and reversibility of these disorders in MG is systematized, and the importance of addressing the concepts of pain in MG is emphasized. The positive effect of ipidacrine in the symptomatic treatment of MG in a patient with marked cholinergic manifestations induced by conventional anticholinergic agents (AA) therapy is confirmed.Conclusions. MG can cause axial muscle impairment leading to the phenomenon of “dropped head” and the development of pain syndrome atypical for the classical course of the disease. Pathogenetic treatment of seropositive MG in most cases leads to the elimination of its clinical manifestations, including pain. In some cases, the use of the reversible AA ipidacrine is an additional advantage in the therapy of such conditions, taking into account its concomitant proven efficacy as an adjuvant analgesic.
BIOSIMILAR MEDICINAL PRODUCTS – LEGISLATIVE DECISIONS AND MARKET ENTRY
Authors: Petrova Guenka , Boyadzhieva Vladimira , Stoilov Nikolay , Tachkov Konstantin 
Published: November 2024

Biosimilar drugs, structurally identical and manufactured similarly to original biologic drugs, offer potential cost reductions in therapeutic practice, albeit with variations in adoption across European countries. This review synthesizes findings from literature examining legislative decisions and their effects on biosimilar market entry in Europe. Drawing from scientific articles and official documents, the review reveals that biologics constitute 36% of European drug expenditure, with the market valued at €78.6 billion in 2021 and growing annually at 10.5% over the past five years. Approximately 15% of new active substances centrally approved by the EMA in 2020 were biologics.
The European biosimilars market is projected to reach €8.8 billion in 2021. Various measures are being implemented to boost biosimilar uptake, including pricing strategies, reimbursement policies, and substitution practices. Access, measured in terms of availability and time to entry, is still difficult in a number of countries, but legislative measures are helping biosimilars enter European markets more quickly.
Hubungan antara Pengetahuan dengan Sikap Tentang Kanker Serviks pada Siswi SMA Lokon St. Nikolaus Tomohon
Authors: Ginting Joseph S. , Tendean Hermie M. M. , Wagey Freddy W. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract: Lack of patient awareness can be caused by lack of education and campaign roles in providing education about cervical cancer to pre-teens and parents. Therefore, knowledge of cervical cancer plays an important role in the prevention of cervical cancer. This study aimed to determine the relationship between knowledge about cervical cancer and attitude towards cervical cancer prevention among female students at Lokon St. Nikolaus High School Tomohon. This was a comparative and analytical study with a cross-sectional design using a questionnaire. Samples were all female students at SMA Lokon St. Nikolaus Tomohon (high school) fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria researchers. The results showed a total of 184 respondents were obtained with the majority of them were in class X (40.22%) and used information sources from the internet (50.00%). The majority of respondents had good knowledge (92.93%)) and supportive attitude (92.39%). In addition, eight students (4.35%) had received the HPV vaccine. The chi-square test showed a significant relationship between knowledge and attitudes about cervical cancer (p<0.05). In conclusion, there is a significant relationship between knowledge about cervical cancer and attitude towards cervical cancer prevention among female students at SMA Lokon St. Nikolaus Tomohon.
Keywords: cervical cancer; HPV vaccine; knowledge; attitude

Abstrak: Kurangnya kesadaran pasien terhadap kanker serviks dapat disebabkan oleh kurangnya peran pendidikan dan kampanye dalam memberikan edukasi mengenai kanker serviks pada pra-remaja hingga orang tua. Oleh karena itu, pengetahuan terhadap penyakit kanker serviks mempunyai peranan penting dalam pencegahan terhadap penyakit kanker serviks. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara pengetahuan tentang kanker serviks dengan sikap terhadap pencegahan kanker serviks pada siswi di SMA Lokon St. Nikolaus Tomohon. Jenis penelitian ialah analitik komparatif dengan desain potong lintang menggunakan kuesioner. Sampel penelitian yaitu seluruh siswi SMA Lokon yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan total 184 responden dengan mayoritas responden berada dikelas X (40,22%) dan menggunakan sumber informasi dari internet (50,00%). Mayoritas responden memiliki pengetahuan yang baik (92,93%) dan sikap mendukung (92,39%). Terdapat delapan siswi (4,35%) yang telah menerima vaksin HPV. Hasil uji chi-square menunjukkan adanya hubungan bermakna antara pengetahuan dengan sikap tentang kanker serviks (p<0,05). Simpulan penelitian ini ialah terdapat hubungan bermakna antara pengetahuan tentang kanker serviks dengan sikap terhadap pencegahan kanker serviks pada siswi di SMA Lokon St. Nikolaus Tomohon.
Kata kunci: kanker serviks; vaksin HPV; pengetahuan; sikap
Effectiveness of Mango Gedong Gincu Peel Extract Gel (<i>Mangifera indica</i> L.) on Cut Wounds in Male Wistar White Rats (<i>Rattus norvegicus</i>)
Authors: Fathunnisa Firda , Marfuati Sri , Fitriani Hikmah 
Published: November 2024

Background: A wound is an injury to a part of the body where the skin and the underlying tissue lose continuity. The wound healing is a complex process consisting inflammatory phase, proliferation phase, and maturation phase. Open wounds often occur in everyday life and if left behind and untreated can potentially lead to bacterial infection. Mango gedong gincu peel extract (Mangifera indica L.) contains flavonoids, tannins, phenols, triterpenoids, steroids, alkaloids, and saponins which have roles in wound healing.
Aims: To analyses the effectiveness of mango gedong gincu peel extract gel (Mangifera indica L.) against the healing of cut wounds in male wistar white rats (Rattus norvegicus).
Methods: The study was an experimental study with a post-test only control group design using 25 male wistar white rat as the subject and was carried out in the FK UGJ Research Laboratory. The study used five groups : negative control group, positive control group, and treatment group using mango gedong gincu peel extract gel (Mangifera indica L.) with concentrations of 5%, 10%, and 15%.
Results: The results of the study revealed that mango (Mangifera indica L.) gedong gincu peel is a source of various phytochemical such as flavonoids, tannins, phenols, triterpenoids, steroids, alkaloids, and saponins. This study showed that the 5% and 10% concentration treatment groups had the same average length measurement wound of 0.86 cm. The fastest observation of erythema was the 5% concentration group with a healing rate of 8 days, in the observation of edema the 10% concentration group was the fastest of 6 days, and the observation long of healing time was 5% and 10% concentration had the same rate of 11 days.
Conclusion: Mango gedong gincu peel extract gel (Mangifera indica L.) was effective against wound healing with optimum concentrations of 5% and 10% which gives the best healing effect against wounds in male wistar white rats (Rattus norvegicus).
Received: 25 September 2024 | Reviewed: 22 October 2024 |
Revised: 05 November 2024 | Accepted: 09 November 2024.
Motivação de estudantes no ensino remoto emergencial durante a pandemia da Covid-19: um estudo à luz da teoria da autodeterminação
Authors: de Oliveira Silveira Maria Cristina , Bzuneck José Aloyseo 
Published: November 2024

A pandemia da Covid-19 obrigou os sistemas educacionais a adotarem a modalidade de ensino remoto, mediado por tecnologias digitais. O presente estudo teve por objetivo investigar, sob as lentes da teoria da autodeterminação, a motivação de estudantes para aprenderem usando informação digital. Participaram 600 alunos do ensino médio de escolas públicas que estudaram pelo aplicativo Classroom. Foi aplicado um questionário em escala tipo Likert, para avaliar a qualidade motivacional e a percepção do atendimento às necessidades psicológicas básicas, considerando algumas variáveis intrapessoais e de contexto. Os resultados mostraram relações significativas entre os escores nas diversas medidas. Com a person-centered approach, os alunos foram também agrupados em dois clusters, um dos quais considerado de risco para a motivação. Os resultados foram discutidos à luz da teoria, e as consequências foram extraídas tanto para a situação de ensino remoto como presencial.
Abstract
The Covid-19 pandemic forced every educational system to adopt online teaching. This study aimed to investigate, in the light of self-determination theory, students’ motivation to learn using digital information. The participants were 600 high school students from public schools that had studied using the Classroom application. A Likert-type scale questionnaire was administered to the participants to assess the quality of motivation and the perception of attending basic psychological needs, considering some intrapersonal and contextual variables. The results showed significant relationships between scores on the different measures. With a person-centered approach, students were also grouped into two clusters, one of which was considered risky to motivation. The results were discussed considering the theory, and consequences were drawn for both remote and face-to-face teaching situations.
Implikasi Penerapan Pajak Foreign Exchange (Forex) Terhadap Pendapatan Negara
Authors: Lestari Indah Fajar , Army Farah Azhara , Ahmad Farasat 
Published: November 2024

<p><em>Kebijakan fiskal harus menjadi perhatian oleh pemerintah dalam penambahan pendapatan negara melalui penerapan pajak foreign exchange (forex). Forex adalah jenis transaksi perdagangan mata uang suatu negara terhadap mata uang lainnya yang melibatkan pasar mata uang di dunia dan dilakukan secara berkesinambungan. Seiring bertambahnya minat masyarakat akan investasi digital salah satunya forex maka keuntungan dari forex dapat menjadi sumber pendapatan negara melalui pajak penghasilan (PPh). Penerapan pajak forex diharapkan menyokong terwujudnya Indonesia Emas 2045. Rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana Implikasi Penerapan Pajak Foreign Exchange (Forex) Terhadap Pendapatan Negara? Adapun Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah jenis penelitian kualitatif dengan teknik analisis data bersifat deskriptif. Adapun hasil penelitian yang dapat diambil bahwa terhadap para pengguna Forex dilakukan penerapan wajib pajak perseorangan. Sebagaimana prosedur pemungutan pajak yang diatur dalam UU Nomor 36 Tahun 2008 tentang pajak penghasilan. PPh yang berlandaskan pada asas sumber, maka pemungutan pajak kepada setiap trader akan menjamin setiap orang berpartisipasi dalam meningkatkan pendapatan negara dari sektor pajak.</em></p><p> <strong><em>Kata kunci</em></strong><em>: APBN, Foreign Exchange, Indonesia Emas 2045</em></p>
UV LED Printing Device for PCB Fabrication
Authors: Wan Mahmud Wan Azizah , Mohd Noor Nor Farahwahida , Muhamood Siti Norazma 
Published: November 2024

Photolithography is commonly used to fabricate printed circuit boards (PCBs) in micromanufacturing. It involves UV exposure to pattern portions of a thin film of a substrate before a geometric design is transferred from a photo mask to a light-sensitive substance (photoresist) on the substrate using light. Conventionally, metal halide lamps and UV fluorescent bulbs make up most of the exposure systems during photolithography. However, both systems are highly costly in educational establishments and consume high electrical energy. Moreover, they also have too broad UV radiation and are not appropriate for the sizes of PCBs that need to be mounted on the apparatus. Hence, this innovation aims to create a low-cost, portable UV exposure system that works well in educational settings by utilizing LED illumination technology. In order to manage time, relay, and LCD, these UV LED exposures were built using a combined LED circuit with a controller board. With a dimension of 120 mm by 190 mm and 3 mm LEDs, the UV LED circuit generates a wavelength of 400 to 405 mm for the UV exposure system. Due to its powerful and flexible design capabilities, LED lighting may be integrated in any shape to create highly efficient illumination. The testing result shows that LED lights have higher application efficiency due to its ability to concentrate light in one area. Therefore, well-designed LED illumination systems may deliver light to the intended spot more effectively. They also brighten up instantly when powered on and can be turned on and off repeatedly. This research has highlighted the advantages of LEDs for infrastructure projects, such as exposure systems, which could be further developed for future technology.