bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intravenous meloxicam for the treatment of moderate to severe acute pain: a pooled analysis of safety and opioid-reducing effects
Authors: Viscusi Eugene R , Gan Tong J , Bergese Sergio , Singla Neil , Mack Randall J , McCallum Stewart W , Du Wei , Hobson Sue 
Published: June 2019

Background and objectivesTo describe the safety and tolerability of intravenous meloxicam compared with placebo across all phase II/III clinical trials.MethodsSafety data and opioid use from subjects with moderate to severe postoperative pain who received ≥1 dose of intravenous meloxicam (5–60 mg) or placebo in 1 of 7 studies (4 phase II; 3 phase III) were pooled. Data from intravenous meloxicam 5 mg, 7.5 mg and 15 mg groups were combined (low-dose subset).ResultsA total of 1426 adults (86.6% white; mean age: 45.8 years) received ≥1 dose of meloxicam IV; 517 (77.6% white; mean age: 46.7 years) received placebo. The incidence of treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) in intravenous meloxicam and placebo-treated subjects was 47% and 57%, respectively. The most commonly reported TEAEs across treatment groups (intravenous meloxicam 5–15 mg, 30 mg, 60 mg and placebo, respectively) were nausea (4.3%, 20.8%, 5.8% and 25.3%), headache (1.5%, 5.6%, 1.6% and 10.4%), vomiting (2.8%, 4.6%, 1.6% and 7.4%) and dizziness (0%, 3.5%, 1.1% and 4.8%). TEAE incidence was generally similar in subjects aged >65 years with impaired renal function and the general population. Similar rates of cardiovascular events were reported between treatment groups. One death was reported (placebo group; unrelated to study drug). There were 35 serious adverse events (SAEs); intravenous meloxicam 15 mg (n=5), intravenous meloxicam 30 mg (n=15) and placebo (n=15). The SAEs in meloxicam-treated subjects were determined to be unrelated to study medication. Six subjects withdrew due to TEAEs, including three treated with intravenous meloxicam (rash, localized edema and postprocedural pulmonary embolism). In trials where opioid use was monitored, meloxicam reduced postoperative rescue opioid use.ConclusionsIntravenous meloxicam was generally well tolerated in subjects with moderate to severe postoperative pain.Trial registration numbersNCT01436032,NCT00945763,NCT01084161,NCT02540265,NCT02678286,NCT02675907andNCT02720692.
Compton scattering off pions and electromagnetic polarizabilities
Authors: Moinester Murray , Scherer Stefan 
Published: June 2019

The electric [Formula: see text] and magnetic [Formula: see text] Compton polarizabilities of both the charged and the neutral pion are of fundamental interest in the low-energy sector of quantum chromodynamics (QCD). Pion polarizabilities affect the shape of the [Formula: see text] Compton scattering angular distribution at back scattering angles and [Formula: see text] absolute cross sections. Theory derivations are given for the [Formula: see text] Compton scattering differential cross section, dispersion relations, and sum rules in terms of the polarizabilities. We review experimental charged and neutral polarizability studies and theoretical predictions. The [Formula: see text] polarizabilities were deduced from DESY Crystal Ball [Formula: see text] data, but with large uncertainties. The charged pion polarizabilities were deduced most recently from (1) radiative pion Primakoff scattering [Formula: see text] at CERN COMPASS, (2) two-photon pion pair production [Formula: see text] at SLAC Mark II, and (3) radiative pion photoproduction [Formula: see text] from the proton at MAMI in Mainz. A stringent test of chiral perturbation theory (ChPT) is possible based on comparisons of precision experimental charged pion polarizabilities with ChPT predictions. Only the CERN COMPASS charged pion polarizability measurement has acceptably small uncertainties. Its value [Formula: see text] agrees well with the two-loop ChPT prediction [Formula: see text], strengthening the identification of the pion with the Goldstone boson of chiral symmetry breaking in QCD.
Tectono-stratigraphy of the Dampier Sub-basin, North West Shelf of Australia
Authors: Deng Hongdan , McClay Ken 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

The Dampier Sub-basin, an inboard rift system of the Northern Carnarvon Basin in the North West Shelf, Australia, underwent two major phases of continental rifting in the Late Paleozoic and in the Latest Triassic to Late Jurassic. Six tectono-stratigraphic megasequences separated by regional unconformities have been identified: (1) Pre-Late Carboniferous Pre-rift 1; (2) Late Carboniferous to Late Permian Syn-rift 1; (3) Early to Latest Triassic Post-rift 1; (4) Latest Triassic to Early Late Jurassic Syn-rift 2; (5) Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous Post-rift 2; and (6) Early Cretaceous to Present-day passive margin megasequences. The Late Paleozoic rifting produced a series of planar extensional faults on the eastern flank, some of which were later rotated by the Latest Triassic to Late Jurassic WNW–ESE extension to low-angles (
c.
30°). This Mesozoic extension was localized above a NE–SW-trending basement structure, resulting in en échelon inboard rift basins and overlapping boundary fault systems. The study outlines an updated basin tectono-stratigraphic model for the Dampier Sub-basin and provides new insights for structural evolution associated with the development of the North West Shelf passive continental margin of Australia.
Database Audit Workload Prioritization via Game Theory
Authors: Yan Chao , Li Bo , Vorobeychik Yevgeniy , Laszka Aron , Fabbri Daniel , Malin Bradley 
Published: June 2019

The quantity of personal data that is collected, stored, and subsequently processed continues to grow rapidly. Given its sensitivity, ensuring privacy protections has become a necessary component of database management. To enhance protection, a number of mechanisms have been developed, such as audit logging and alert triggers, which notify administrators about suspicious activities. However, this approach is limited. First, the volume of alerts is often substantially greater than the auditing capabilities of organizations. Second, strategic attackers can attempt to disguise their actions or carefully choose targets, thus hide illicit activities. In this article, we introduce an auditing approach that accounts for adversarial behavior by (1) prioritizing the order in which types of alerts are investigated and (2) providing an upper bound on how much resource to allocate for each type.
Specifically, we model the interaction between a database auditor and attackers as a Stackelberg game. We show that even a highly constrained version of such problem is NP-Hard. Then, we introduce a method that combines linear programming, column generation, and heuristic searching to derive an auditing policy. On the synthetic data, we perform an extensive evaluation on the approximation degree of our solution with the optimal one. The two real datasets, (1) 1.5 months of audit logs from Vanderbilt University Medical Center and (2) a publicly available credit card application dataset, are used to test the policy-searching performance. The findings demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methods for searching the audit strategies, and our general approach significantly outperforms non-game-theoretic baselines.
Multiparametric MRI and Coregistered Histology Identify Tumor Habitats in Breast Cancer Mouse Models
Authors: Jardim-Perassi Bruna V. , Huang Suning , Dominguez-Viqueira William , Poleszczuk Jan , Budzevich Mikalai M. , Abdalah Mahmoud A. , Pillai Smitha R. , Ruiz Epifanio , Bui Marilyn M. , Zuccari Debora A.P.C. , Gillies Robert J. , Martinez Gary V. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

It is well-recognized that solid tumors are genomically, anatomically, and physiologically heterogeneous. In general, more heterogeneous tumors have poorer outcomes, likely due to the increased probability of harboring therapy-resistant cells and regions. It is hypothesized that the genomic and physiologic heterogeneity are related, because physiologically distinct regions will exert variable selection pressures leading to the outgrowth of clones with variable genomic/proteomic profiles. To investigate this, methods must be in place to interrogate and define, at the microscopic scale, the cytotypes that exist within physiologically distinct subregions (“habitats”) that are present at mesoscopic scales. MRI provides a noninvasive approach to interrogate physiologically distinct local environments, due to the biophysical principles that govern MRI signal generation. Here, we interrogate different physiologic parameters, such as perfusion, cell density, and edema, using multiparametric MRI (mpMRI). Signals from six different acquisition schema were combined voxel-by-voxel into four clusters identified using a Gaussian mixture model. These were compared with histologic and IHC characterizations of sections that were coregistered using MRI-guided 3D printed tumor molds. Specifically, we identified a specific set of MRI parameters to classify viable-normoxic, viable-hypoxic, nonviable-hypoxic, and nonviable-normoxic tissue types within orthotopic 4T1 and MDA-MB-231 breast tumors. This is the first coregistered study to show that mpMRI can be used to define physiologically distinct tumor habitats within breast tumor models.

Significance:
This study demonstrates that noninvasive imaging metrics can be used to distinguish subregions within heterogeneous tumors with histopathologic correlation.
miRNAs and Long-term Breast Cancer Survival: Evidence from the WHEL Study
Authors: Natarajan Loki , Pu Minya , Davies Sherri R. , Vickery Tammi L. , Nelson Sandahl H. , Pittman Emily , Parker Barbara A. , Ellis Matthew J. , Flatt Shirley W. , Mardis Elaine R. , Marinac Catherine R. , Pierce John P. , Messer Karen 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

Background:
There is substantial variation in breast cancer survival rates, even among patients with similar clinical and genomic profiles. New biomarkers are needed to improve risk stratification and inform treatment options. Our aim was to identify novel miRNAs associated with breast cancer survival and quantify their prognostic value after adjusting for established clinical factors and genomic markers.

Methods:
Using the Women's Healthy Eating and Living (WHEL) breast cancer cohort with &gt;15 years of follow-up and archived tumor specimens, we assayed PAM50 mRNAs and 25 miRNAs using the Nanostring nCounter platform.

Results:
We obtained high-quality reads on 1,253 samples (75% of available specimens) and used an existing research-use algorithm to ascertain PAM50 subtypes and risk scores (ROR-PT). We identified miRNAs significantly associated with breast cancer outcomes and then tested these in independent TCGA samples. miRNAs that were also prognostic in TCGA samples were further evaluated in multiple regression Cox models. We also used penalized regression for unbiased discovery.

Conclusions:
Two miRNAs, 210 and 29c, were associated with breast cancer outcomes in the WHEL and TCGA studies and further improved risk stratification within PAM50 risk groups: 10-year survival was 62% in the node-negative high miR-210-high ROR-PT group versus 75% in the low miR-210- high ROR-PT group. Similar results were obtained for miR-29c. We identified three additional miRNAs, 187-3p, 143-3p, and 205-5p, via penalized regression.

Impact:
Our findings suggest that miRNAs might be prognostic for long-term breast cancer survival and might improve risk stratification. Further research to incorporate miRNAs into existing clinicogenomic signatures is needed.
Longitudinal Changes in Volumetric Breast Density in Healthy Women across the Menopausal Transition
Authors: Engmann Natalie J. , Scott Christopher , Jensen Matthew R. , Winham Stacey J. , Ma Lin , Brandt Kathleen R. , Mahmoudzadeh Amir , Whaley Dana H. , Hruska Carrie B. , Wu Fang-Fang , Norman Aaron D. , Hiatt Robert A. , Heine John , Shepherd John , Pankratz V. Shane , Miglioretti Diana L. , Kerlikowske Karla , Vachon Celine M. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

Background:
Mammographic breast density declines during menopause. We assessed changes in volumetric breast density across the menopausal transition and factors that influence these changes.

Methods:
Women without a history of breast cancer, who had full field digital mammograms during both pre- and postmenopausal periods, at least 2 years apart, were sampled from four facilities within the San Francisco Mammography Registry from 2007 to 2013. Dense breast volume (DV) was assessed using Volpara on mammograms across the time period. Annualized change in DV from pre- to postmenopause was estimated using linear mixed models adjusted for covariates and per-woman random effects. Multiplicative interactions were evaluated between premenopausal risk factors and time to determine whether these covariates modified the annualized changes.

Results:
Among the 2,586 eligible women, 1,802 had one premenopausal and one postmenopausal mammogram, 628 had an additional perimenopausal mammogram, and 156 had two perimenopausal mammograms. Women experienced an annualized decrease in DV [−2.2 cm3 (95% confidence interval, −2.7 to −1.7)] over the menopausal transition. Declines were greater among women with a premenopausal DV above the median (54 cm3) versus below (DV, −3.5 cm3 vs. −1.0 cm3; P &lt; 0.0001). Other breast cancer risk factors, including race, body mass index, family history, alcohol, and postmenopausal hormone therapy, had no effect on change in DV over the menopausal transition.

Conclusions:
High premenopausal DV was a strong predictor of greater reductions in DV across the menopausal transition.

Impact:
We found that few factors other than premenopausal density influence changes in DV across the menopausal transition, limiting targeted prevention efforts.
Detection of NRG1 Fusions in Solid Tumors: Rare Gold?
Authors: Dimou Anastasios , Camidge D. Ross 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Fusions between NRG1 and partner genes are rare, tumorigenic genomic events occurring in patients with lung and other cancers, associated with activation of ERBB2/ERBB3 heterodimers. Inhibition of ERBB2 and/or ERBB3 in this group of patients is a promising strategy in clinical trials.
See related article by Jonna et al., p. 4966
Preimplant Phosphodiesterase-5 Inhibitor Use Is Associated With Higher Rates of Severe Early Right Heart Failure After Left Ventricular Assist Device Implantation
Authors: Gulati Gaurav , Grandin E. Wilson , Kennedy Kevin , Cabezas Fausto , DeNofrio David D. , Kociol Robb , Rame J. Eduardo , Pagani Francis D. , Kirklin James K. , Kormos Robert L. , Teuteberg Jeffrey , Kiernan Michael 
Published: June 2019

Background:
Early right heart failure (RHF) occurs commonly in left ventricular assist device (LVAD) recipients, and increased right ventricular (RV) afterload may contribute. Selective pulmonary vasodilators, like phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors (PDE5i), are used off-label to reduce RV afterload before LVAD implantation, but the association between preoperative PDE5i use and early RHF after LVAD is unknown.

Methods and Results:

We analyzed adult patients from the INTERMACS registry (Interagency Registry for Mechanically Assisted Circulatory Support) who received a continuous flow LVAD after 2012. Patients on PDE5i were propensity-matched 1:1 to controls. The primary outcome was the incidence of severe early RHF, defined as the composite of death from RHF within 30 days, need for RV assist device support within 30 days, or use of inotropes beyond 14 days. Of 11 544 continuous flow LVAD recipients, 1199 (10.4%) received preoperative PDE5i. Compared to controls, patients on PDE5i had higher pulmonary artery systolic pressure (53.4 mm Hg versus 49.5 mm Hg) and pulmonary vascular resistance (2.6 WU versus 2.3 WU;
P
<0.001 for both). Before propensity matching, the incidence of severe early RHF was higher among patients on PDE5i than in controls (29.4% versus 23.1%; unadjusted odds ratio (OR), 1.32; 95% CI, 1.17–1.50). This association persisted after propensity matching (PDE5i, 28.9% versus control 23.7%; OR, 1.31; 95% CI, 1.09–1.57), driven by a higher incidence of prolonged inotropic support. Similar results were observed across a wide range of subgroups stratified by markers of pulmonary vascular disease and RV dysfunction.

Conclusions:
Patients treated with preoperative PDE5i had markers of increased RV afterload and HF severity compared to unmatched controls. Even after propensity matching, patients receiving preimplant PDE5i therapy had higher rates of post-LVAD RHF.
Abnormal Pulmonary Arterial Elastance Is Associated With Reduced Exercise Capacity in Tetralogy of Fallot
Authors: Egbe Alexander C. , Anavekar Nandan S. , Connolly Heidi M. 
Published: June 2019

Background

A previous study reported histologic abnormalities in the pulmonary artery (
PA
) of patients with tetralogy of Fallot (
TOF
). However, the potential effect of these anatomical findings on
PA
vascular function has not been studied. We hypothesized that
TOF
patients had abnormal
PA
vascular function, and that
PA
vascular function was associated with exercise capacity.

Methods and Results

This a study of adult
TOF
patients who had cardiac magnetic resonance imaging and echocardiogram (on the same day) at Mayo Clinic, 2002–2015. In order to test the study hypothesis, we compared
PA
elastance index (
PAE
i) between 207
TOF
patients and a referent group of 8 subjects without structural heart disease.
PAE
i was calculated as a quotient of
PA
systolic pressure and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging–derived right ventricular stroke volume. Mean age was 33±13 and 36±4 years in the
TOF
and referent groups respectively.
TOF
patients had higher
PAE
i compared with the referent group (0.62±0.12 versus 0.48±0.08 mm Hg/
mL
/m
2
;
P
=0.001). There was a good correlation between
PAE
i and peak oxygen consumption (adjusted
R
2
=0.73;
r
=0.85;
P
<0.001). After multivariate adjustment for potential confounders,
PAE
i was independently associated with peak oxygen consumption (adjusted
R
2
=0.69;
r
=0.83;
P
<0.001).

Conclusions

The high
PA
elastance in the
TOF
group may be attributed to abnormal
PA
vascular function. The association between
PAE
i and exercise intolerance suggests that
PA
vascular dysfunction may contribute to exercise intolerance, which is an important clinical problem in this population. Further studies are required to validate our findings and explore potential therapies to improve
PA
vascular function in this population.
Relationship Between Impaired Consciousness and Injury of Ascending Reticular Activating System in Patients With Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Authors: Jang Sung Ho , Chang Chul Hoon , Jung Young Jin , Kim Jong Hoon , Kwon Young Hyeon 
Published: June 2019

Background and Purpose—
We investigated the relationship between impaired consciousness and ascending reticular activating system (ARAS) characteristics on diffusion tensor tractography during the early stage of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage confined to a unilateral supratentorial area.

Methods—
A total of 29 consecutive patients with impaired consciousness (the patient group A), 31 age- and sex-matched patients without impaired consciousness (the patient group B), and 20 age- and sex-matched healthy control subjects were recruited. The Glasgow Coma Scale was used to evaluate patients’ conscious state in the early stage of intracerebral hemorrhage (within 30 days after onset). Three parts of the ARAS (lower dorsal, lower ventral, and upper) were reconstructed, and fractional anisotropy and tract volume values were determined.

Results—

The tract volume value of the lower dorsal ARAS in the patient group A was significantly lower than those of the patient group B and control group in the affected hemisphere (
P
<0.05). Among the diffusion tensor tractography parameters, only the tract volume of the lower dorsal ARAS in the affected hemispheres of the patient group A had a moderate positive correlation with Glasgow Coma Scale score (
r
=0.456;
P
<0.05).

Conclusions—
Impaired consciousness during the early stage of intracerebral hemorrhage was closely related to injury of the lower dorsal ARAS in the affected hemisphere.

Clinical Trial Registration—

URL:
http://www.e-irb.com/index.jsp
. Unique identifier: 2015-07-064
Revision of the genus Prosaspicera Kieffer, 1907(Hym.: Figitidae: Aspicerinae)
Authors: ROS-FARRÉ P. , PUJADE-VILLAR J. 
Published: June 2019

Prosaspicera Kieffer is an Aspicerinae genus (Hymenoptera: Cynipoidea: Figitidae) with a mostly Nearctic, Neotropical, Afrotropical and Oriental distribution. Prosaspicera is here cited from the Eastern Palaearctic (Japan) for the first time. Morphological features necessary to differentiate species of Prosaspicera are described. Although Prosaspicera brevispinosa Díaz, 1979, represents an atypical intraspecific variability that suggests it may be a species complex, other species of Prosaspicera are morphologically homogeneous. The type material of the 17 known species of Prosaspicera has been studied. Out of these 17 species, 15 are here considered as valid, since Prosaspicera africana (Kinsey, 1919) and P. kinsantua (Benoit, 1956) are both a syn nov. of P. tropica (Kieffer, 1910). These 15 valid species are here redescribed. The examination of hundreds of additional specimens supplied by different institutions suggests there is a general lack of knowledge concerning the species diversity of this genus. For the first time the males of P. optivus Quinlan, 1979, P. albihirta (Ashmead, 1887), P. pugionifera (Kieffer, 1907) and P. ueteri (Borgmeier, 1935) and, the females of P. aterrima (Kieffer, 1910) and P. validispina (Kieffer, 1910) are described. Fifteen new species are described: P. angustispina Ros-Farré sp. nov., P. carinata Pujade-Villar sp. nov., P. costulata Ros-Farré sp. nov., P. confusa Ros-Farré sp. nov., P. curvispina Ros-Farré sp. nov., P. dentata Pujade-Villar sp. nov., P. inaudita Ros-Farré sp. nov., P. joani Ros-Farré & Pujade-Villar sp. nov., P. kiefferi Ros-Farré sp. nov., P. mariarosae Ros-Farré & Pujade-Villar sp. nov., P. orientalis Pujade-Villar sp. nov., P. pseudoclavata Ros-Farré sp. nov., P. spinosa Ros-Farré sp. nov., P. splendida Ros-Farré sp. nov., and P. uniformis Ros-Farré sp. nov. A key to the 30 valid species of Prosaspicera is given. All species are thoroughly illustrated.
Urban Dry Island Effect Mitigated Urbanization Effect on Observed Warming in China
Authors: Du Jizeng , Wang Kaicun , Jiang Shaojing , Cui Baoshan , Wang Jiankai , Zhao Chuanfeng , Li Jianping 
Published: June 2019

AbstractWith urbanization occurring around weather stations, its impact on the observed air temperature has been widely recognized. However, its assessments were varied partially due to the poor understanding of its underlying mechanism. Here, we analyzed the effect of urbanization using observations obtained from ~2200 weather stations in China from 1960 to 2014. The results showed that the urbanization effect increased from 1960 to 1984 but slowed after 1995 with rapid urbanization in China, particularly in terms of the daily minimum temperature Tmin and daily mean air temperature Tmean. The urbanization effect is nearly linearly related to the urban–rural contrast of effective cloud cover (including the impact of atmospheric aerosols) derived from the observed sunshine duration. Aerosols increase atmospheric downward longwave radiation Ld through their absorption of solar radiation during the daytime, and they trap longwave radiation emitted from the surface during the nighttime. Increased anthropogenic aerosols caused the urban–rural contrast of effective cloud cover to increase from 1960 to 2014. However, the urban–rural contrast of cloud cover remained stable from 1960 to 1984 but substantially decreased due to the “urban dry island effect” after 1995, which compensated for the impact of anthropogenic aerosols on Ld and resulted in a stable urbanization effect after 1995. The urban–rural difference in Ld increased by 0.57 W m−2 (10 yr)−1, which resulted in warming of 0.074°C (10 yr)−1 (78.2%) for Tmin, 0.037°C (10 yr)−1 (151.5%) for Tmax, and 0.056°C (10 yr)−1 (96.6%) for Tmean.