bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the Strata Analysis of First Division Unrounded Finals of Xiè Rhyme Group in Proto Min and Related Issues
Authors: Wu Rui-wen 
Published: March 2019

This paper analyses the different phonological strata of first division unrounded finals of the Xiè Rhyme Group （蟹攝），specifically the Xai rhyme and Tài rhyme, in the finals system of proto-Min and explores the distinction between double rhymes in old Jiangdong dialects. Norman (1981) reconstructed five finals for Xai rhyme and Tài rhyme. They are:
*əi for Xai 菜咍栽咍來咍

*oi for Xai 袋咍

*ɑi for Tài 帶泰蔡泰蓋泰

*uəi for Xai 改咍

*yəi for Xai 開咍

According to Norman’s reconstruction, there are four finals for the Xai rhyme but there is only one final for the Tài rhyme. Therefore, some issues need to be clarified. To begin with, what is the time sequence of those four forms of Xai? Additionally, three forms are reconstructed by one cognate in proto-Min. It is highly doubtful to regard those forms as a single stratum individually. Furthermore, the double rhymes, Xai and Tài, could be distinct in the Qieyun system but merged in most modern Chinese dialects. However, some southern dialects retain the distinction (refer to Cao et al. 2000, Wang 2004 and Wu 2005). How is the distinction of double rhymes expressed in proto-Min? It is worth examining those questions in depth.
The methodology of this paper is the comparative method. We would like to expand Min dialectal material and find more reliable cognates to reexamine Norman’s finals of Xai and Tài. From the perspective of historical development, proto-Min has several different phonological strata. After thoughtful and cautious analysis, those strata could be an important reference for the reconstruction of both Middle Chinese and Old Chinese. An important aim of this paper is to reconstruct the Jiangdong dialect, a southern Chinese dialect used in the Six Dynasties period, using proto-Min and related common dialect systems.
In conclusion: 1. both Xai and Tài could be reconstructed as two forms in the finals system of Proto-Min. In brief, *-əi and *-oi are for Xai; *-ɑi and *-ai are for Tài. 2. from a diachronic development viewpoint,the pattern *-oi: *-ai reveals the distinction of Xai and Tài, i.e. double rhyme, in the Six Dynasties Jiangdong dialect. 3. Relatedly, the pattern *-əi: *-ɑi could be traced to differences between the Zhi group （之部） and Jì group （祭部） in Old Chinese.
o3o3: A Variant of Spectral Elements with a Regular Collocation Grid
Authors: Steppeler J. , Li J. , Fang F. , Zhu J. , Ullrich P. A. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractIn this study, an alternative local Galerkin method (LGM), the o3o3 scheme, is proposed. o3o3 is a variant or generalization of the third-order spectral element method (SEM3). It uses third-order piecewise polynomials for the representation of a field and piecewise third-degree polynomials for fluxes. For the discretization, SEM3 uses the irregular Legendre–Gauss–Lobatto grid while o3o3 uses a regular collocation grid. o3o3 can be regarded as an inhomogeneous finite-difference scheme on a uniform grid, which means that the finite-difference equations are different for each group with three points. A particular version of o3o3 is set as an example of many possibilities to construct LGM schemes on piecewise polynomial spaces in which the basis functions used are continuous at corner points and function spaces having continuous derivatives are shortly discussed. We propose a standard o3o3 scheme and a spectral o3o3 scheme as alternatives to the standard method of using the quadrature approximation. These two particular schemes selected were chosen for ease of implementation rather than optimal performance. In one dimension, compared to standard SEM3, o3o3 has a larger CFL condition benefiting from the use of a regular collocation grid. While SEM3 uses the irregular Legendre–Gauss–Lobatto collocation grid, o3o3 uses a regular grid. This is considered an advantage for physical parameterizations. The shortest resolved wave is marginally smaller than that with SEM3. In two dimensions, o3o3 is implemented on a sparse grid where only a part of the points on the underlying regular grid are used for forecasting.
Delayed injuries in the emergency department in hospitalised trauma patients
Authors: Orun Serhat , Akoz Ayhan , Duman Ali , Ahmet Turkdogan Kenan , Türe Mevlüt , Unlu Derya 
Published: March 2019

Introduction Busy emergency departments are associated with medical errors in care and evaluation for unstable trauma patients. Our study aimed to determine the extent, causes and adverse clinical consequences of missed injuries and delayed diagnoses in patients hospitalised with trauma in a Turkish Level 3 emergency department, and provide recommendations for emergency service workers and supervisors to help them reduce the number of injury diagnoses that are delayed. Methods In our prospective study, a total of 515 emergency department patients presenting with trauma between 1 July 2014 and 1 July 2015 were examined by an emergency physician and by a consultant, if necessary. Identified injuries were recorded using case forms, and hospitalised patients were discharged when their treatment was completed. After the patients were discharged their files were reviewed again and new injuries, different from those recorded in the case forms, were investigated. Results Of the 515 patients included, it was shown that an injury diagnosis had been delayed in 21 (3.9%). Of these injuries, 65% were related to the musculoskeletal system. Insufficient clinical evaluation of 95% of the patients who had a missed injury was identified, and, in 70% of missed injuries, the radiology reports had been delayed or incorrectly completed. Conclusion We believe that the delayed injury rate can be reduced in trauma patients with the use of fast and reliable radiological support and the intervention of a multidisciplinary trauma team.
Significance of the absent vertebral artery T2 flow void on cervical spine MRI in atraumatic patients without acute neurological symptoms
Authors: Cox Mougnyan , Kung David , Hurst Robert W , Bagley Linda J , Ali Nabavizadeh Seyed 
Published: March 2019

Purpose Loss of the T2 vertebral artery flow void can be an ominous sign in patients with trauma. However, the significance of an absent vertebral artery flow void is less clear when discovered incidentally in patients without trauma or acute neurological symptoms. The purpose of this study was to review retrospectively the results of additional imaging and clinical evaluation in atraumatic patients without acute neurological symptoms found to have an incidentally discovered absent vertebral artery flow void on magnetic resonance imaging. Materials and methods An imaging database was reviewed for absent vertebral artery flow voids in atraumatic cervical spine magnetic resonance images. Imaging and long-term clinical follow-up were recorded. Results Fifty-four patients were included in the study. All patients had clinical follow-up and 22 patients (40% of cases) had vascular imaging follow-up. Nine patients had a hypoplastic but patent vertebral artery on follow-up vascular imaging, and no further action was taken. Ten patients had evidence of stenosis or occlusion of the vertebral artery on follow-up imaging, none with acute neurological symptoms or new symptoms/subsequent change in management during follow-up. Three additional patients had vertebral artery dissections on follow-up imaging, but all of them had acute neurological symptoms at the time of imaging and acute infarcts on current or subsequent magnetic resonance imaging. The other 32 patients had clinical follow-up and remained asymptomatic throughout the study period, without change in management. Conclusion In the absence of trauma or acute neurological symptoms an absent vertebral artery flow void has a low likelihood of altering patient management.
Correlates and Treatment Outcome of Risky Sexual Behaviour in Young Males with ADHD and Comorbid Alcohol Use Disorder: A Prospective Study
Authors: Kumar Shankar , Devendran Yamini , N. S. Madhumitha , Thejas Javagal Amith 
Published: March 2019

Background: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with risky sexual behavior (RSB). Alcohol use and high perceived stress in young adulthood contributes to this association. Previous studies have not found methylphenidate to reduce RSB in ADHD, as the population had comorbidities such as mood disorders and antisocial personality disorder. We aimed to study (a) the association of RSB with ADHD and severity of alcohol use among adolescents and young adult males with ADHD who had comorbid alcohol use disorder and (b) the effect of treatment of ADHD using methylphenidate on RSB in this population at 3- and 6-month follow-ups. Methodology: The study had 31 participants who were selected by screening for RSBs using the sexual behavior section of the HIV Risk-taking Behavior Scale (HRBS) manual among a cohort of individuals with ADHD and early onset alcohol use. These individuals were also administered WHO ADHD self-report scale (ASRS), alcohol-use disorders identification test (AUDIT), perceived stress scale (PSS), and HRBS-sexual behavior section. They were then treated with methylphenidate and these assessments were repeated at 3 and 6 months. Results: Those having ADHD with RSB had higher total ADHD score ( P = .007) and inattention score ( p = .0001) than those without RSB. There was a significant correlation between the ADHD total score with alcohol-use severity ( r = 0.47), with RSB ( r = 0.34), and ADHD hyperactivity scores with alcohol-use severity ( r = 0.49) and with RSB ( r = 0.34). There was also a significant reduction of ADHD total, inattention and hyperactivity scores, alcohol-use severity scores, RSB and perceived stress scores with use of methylphenidate at 3- and 6-month follow-ups. Multiple logistic regression predicted reduction in ADHD total scores to reduce RSB (odds ratio [OR] = 1.26, P = .01). Conclusion: RSB was associated with severity of ADHD and alcohol use. Methylphenidate not only reduced ADHD severity but also alcohol-use severity and RSB, whose reduction was predicted by reduction in ADHD severity.
Pursuing parity: genetic tests for psychiatric conditions in the UK National Health Service
Authors: Curtis David , Adlington Katherine , Bhui Kamaldeep S. 
Published: March 2019

SummarySchizophrenia and anorexia nervosa were recently added to the list of conditions for which whole genome sequencing might be indicated as part of the 100 000 Genomes Project, reflecting the remarkable recent progress in findings emerging from psychiatric genetics research. Genetic testing methods may offer increased opportunities for diagnosis and estimation of familial risk and could have implications for management and treatment options. They also present ethical and philosophical questions about the role of testing and storage of genetic information. Mental health professionals will need to have a good understanding of this area in order for patients to fully realise the benefits of these advances.Declaration of InterestK.S.B. is Editor of the British Journal of Psychiatry.
Development of Technologic Solutions to Address Complex Local Requirements of an International Prostate Cancer Clinical Quality Registry
Authors: Sampurno Fanny , Kannan Ashwini , Lucas Mark , Liman John , Connor Sarah E. , Pearman Emily , Millar Jeremy L. , Moore Caroline M. , Villanti Paul , James Ellie , Huland Hartwig , Litwin Mark S. , Evans Sue M. 
Published: March 2019

PURPOSE To detail the process for importing a defined data set into a centralized global registry via a secure file transfer platform and to understand the barriers to the establishment of a centralized global registry. RESULTS A bespoke solution was developed to allow transmission of data from international local data centers to a centralized repository. Data elements included in the import template were drawn from existing International Consortium for Health Outcome Measurement variables and refined to ensure accurate benchmarking as well as feasibility in data completeness. The data set was organized in accordance with the prostate cancer care trajectory. Key considerations in developing the data transfer platform included import file format, process of input validation, and technical provisions. Given the diversity in the legislation and ethical requirements with respect to consent, data handling, and cross-border data transfer across geographic locations, we encouraged each local data center to consult with its legal advisors and research ethics committee early on in the process. DISCUSSION A global collaboration, although highly valuable, posed many challenges because of inconsistent methods of data collection. User acceptance of a system is paramount to the success of establishing a metaregistry. Local information technology support and regular regression testing ensures quality and maintenance of the database. CONCLUSION We developed a Web-based system to facilitate the collection and secure storage of common data, which is scalable and secure. It is anticipated that through systematic recording of data, global standards of clinical practice and outcomes of care will see vast improvements.
Patients With Aldolase B Deficiency Are Characterized by Increased Intrahepatic Triglyceride Content
Authors: Simons Nynke , Debray François-Guillaume , Schaper Nicolaas C , Kooi M Eline , Feskens Edith J M , Hollak Carla E M , Lindeboom Lucas , Koek Ger H , Bons Judith A P , Lefeber Dirk J , Hodson Leanne , Schalkwijk Casper G , Stehouwer Coen D A , Cassiman David , Brouwers Martijn C G J 
Published: March 2019

Abstract

Context
There is an ongoing debate about whether and how fructose is involved in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). A recent experimental study showed an increased intrahepatic triglyceride (IHTG) content in mice deficient for aldolase B (aldo B−/−), the enzyme that converts fructose-1-phosphate to triose phosphates.

Objective
To translate these experimental findings to the human situation.

Design
Case-control study.

Setting
Outpatient clinic for inborn errors of metabolism.

Patients or Other Participants
Patients with hereditary fructose intolerance, a rare inborn error of metabolism caused by a defect in aldolase B (n = 15), and healthy persons matched for age, sex, and body mass index (BMI) (n =15).

Main Outcome Measure
IHTG content, assessed by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy.

Results
IHTG content was higher in aldo B−/− patients than controls (2.5% vs 0.6%; P = 0.001) on a background of lean body mass (median BMI, 20.4 and 21.8 kg/m2, respectively). Glucose excursions during an oral glucose load were higher in aldo B−/− patients (P = 0.043). Hypoglycosylated transferrin, a surrogate marker for hepatic fructose-1-phosphate concentrations, was more abundant in aldo B−/− patients than in controls (P < 0.001). Finally, plasma β-hydroxybutyrate, a biomarker of hepatic β-oxidation, was lower in aldo B−/− patients than controls (P = 0.009).

Conclusions
This study extends previous experimental findings by demonstrating that aldolase B deficiency also results in IHTG accumulation in humans. It suggests that the accumulation of fructose-1-phosphate and impairment of β-oxidation are involved in the pathogenesis.
Languages of loss and mourning beyond (the) borders: Bosnia
Authors: Stanković Snežana 
Published: March 2019

The following paper deals with the language of commemoration of refugee women from ex-Yugoslavia, mainly Bosnia who escaped to Berlin during or after the violent conflicts in the 1990s. Handkerchiefs, personalised with names, birth and death dates of deceased family members, have arisen out of the embroidery therapy they have undertaken. These artefacts all resemble each other in that they recount the trauma of the loss of the beloved dead, whose remains were either found and then reburied, or the dead who remained missing. This micro-study aims at analyzing the verbal and visual means of expression employed by the refugee women in their embroidery. In treating language as a semiotic composition of oral and written verbal communication, image, sound, and movement, it leaves sociolinguistic discussions on the national languages which have emerged in the region behind and delves into the expression of loss and mourning inscribed on the handkerchiefs.
First draft genome assembly and identification of SNPs from hilsa shad (Tenualosa ilisha) of the Bay of Bengal
Authors: Mollah Md. Bazlur Rahman , Khan Mohd Golam Quader , Islam Md Shahidul , Alam Md Samsul 
Published: March 2019

Background: Hilsa shad (Tenualosa ilisha), a widely distributed migratory fish, contributes substantially to the economy of Bangladesh. The harvest of hilsa from inland waters has been fluctuating due to anthropological and climate change-induced degradation of the riverine habitats. The whole genome sequence of this valuable fish could provide genomic tools for sustainable harvest, conservation and productivity cycle maintenance. Here, we report the first draft genome of T. ilisha from the Bay of Bengal, the largest reservoir of the migratory fish. Methods: A live specimen of T. ilisha was collected from the Bay of Bengal. The whole genome sequencing was performed by the Illumina HiSeqX platform (2 × 150 paired end configuration). We assembled the short reads using SOAPdenovo2 genome assembler and predicted protein coding genes by AUGUSTUS. The completeness of the T. ilisha genome assembly was evaluated by BUSCO (Benchmarking Universal Single Copy Orthologs). We identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) by calling them directly from unassembled sequence reads using discoSnp++. Results: We assembled the draft genome of 710.28 Mb having an N50 scaffold length of 64157 bp and GC content of 42.95%. A total of 37,450 protein coding genes were predicted of which 29,339 (78.34%) were annotated with other vertebrate genomes. We also identified 792,939 isolated SNPs with transversion:transition ratio of 1:1.8. The BUSCO evaluation showed 78.1% completeness of this genome. Conclusions: The genomic data generated in this study could be used as a reference to identify genes associated with physiological and ecological adaptations, population connectivity, and migration behaviour of this biologically and economically important anadromous fish species of the Clupeidae family.
Interaction of N-3-oxododecanoyl homoserine lactone with transcriptional regulator LasR of Pseudomonas aeruginosa: Insights from molecular docking and dynamics simulations
Authors: Grabski Hovakim , Hunanyan Lernik , Tiratsuyan Susanna , Vardapetyan Hrachik 
Published: March 2019

Background: In 2017, the World Health Organization announced a list of the most dangerous superbugs. Among them is Pseudomonas aeruginosa, an opportunistic human pathogen with high levels of resistance to antibiotics that is listed as one of the ‘ESKAPE’ pathogens, which are the leading cause of nosocomial infections. A major issue is that it mostly affects vulnerable patients such as those suffering from AIDS, cystic fibrosis, cancer and severe burns. P. aeruginosa creates and inhabits surface-associated biofilms which increase resistance to antibiotics and host immune responses and contribute to the ineffectiveness of current antibacterial treatments. It is therefore imperative to find new antibacterial treatment strategies against P. aeruginosa. The LasR protein is a major transcriptional activator of P. aeruginosa and plays a pivotal role in biofilm formation and the activation of many virulence genes, although detailed characteristics of the LasR protein are not currently known. In the present study, we aimed to analyse the molecular properties of the LasR protein as well as its interactions with the signalling molecule N-3-oxododecanoyl homoserine lactone (3OC12-HSL). Methods: We used a combination of molecular docking, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and machine learning techniques to study the interaction of the LasR protein with the 3OC12-HSL ligand. We assessed conformational changes occurring upon their interaction and analysed the molecular details of their binding. Results: A new possible interaction site for 3OC12-HSL and LasR was found, involving conserved residues from the ligand binding domain (LBD), beta turns in the short linker region (SLR) and the DNA-binding domain (DBD). This interaction is referred to as the LBD-SLR-DBD bridge or ‘the bridge’ interaction. Conclusions: This study may enable future experimental studies to detect the interaction of signalling molecules with “the bridge” of the LasR protein and suggests a potential new interaction site to assist antibacterial drug design.
MASS SPECTROMETRY OF GLYCYRRETHENIC ACID COMPLEXES WITH STRIPTOMYCINES
Authors: Ветрова (Vetrova) Елена (Elena) Владимировна (Vladimirovna) , Борисенко (Borisenko) Николай (Nikolay) Иванович (Ivanovich) , Лекарь (Lekar') Анна (Anna) Владимировна (Vladimirovna) , Максименко (Maksimenko) Елена (Elena) Владимировна (Vladimirovna) , Борисенко (Borisenko) Сергей (Sergey) Николаевич (Nikolaevich) , Хизриева (Khizriyeva) Салима (Salima) Салимовна (Salimovna) 
Published: March 2019

For the first time, complexes of glycyrrhetinic acid (GLA) with the antibiotic streptomycin (ST) have been studied. The complexes, obtained at different molar ratios of "host - GLA: guest - ST": 1 : 1, 2 : 1, 3 : 1 and 4 : 1, were studied using both spectrophotometry and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. With increasing GLA concentration using spectrophotometry, the bathochromic shift of the maximum absorption of the MFR (203–210 nm) and the formation of an additional peak (260–273 nm) in the ST absorption spectrum are observed, indicating the formation of supramolecular complexes of different glycyrrhetinic acid stoichiometry with streptomycin antibiotic. Using electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, signals of nGLK-ST heterocomplexes containing GLA and CTP in the ratio of 1 : 1, 2 : 1, 3 : 1 and 4 : 1 were recorded, respectively. It has been shown that with increasing GLA concentration, the supramolecular structures are enlarged due to an increase in the number of GLA molecules in its composition.
The presented data can be used in the development of a new dosage form of streptomycin based on supramolecular complexes with GLA.
DISPERSIBILITY OF NANOCRYSTALLINE CELLULOSE IN ORGANIC SOLVENTS
Authors: Воронова (Voronova) Марина (Marina) Игоревна (Igorevna) , Суров (Surov) Олег (Oleg) Валентинович (Valentinovich) , Рублева (Rubleva) Наталья (Natal'ya) Викторовна (Viktorovna) , Кочкина (Kochkina) Наталья (Natal'ya) Евгеньевна (Evgenievna) , Захаров (Zakharov) Анатолий (Anatoliy) Георгиевич (Georgievich) 
Published: March 2019

Aqueous suspensions of nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) were obtained by sulfuric acid hydrolysis using the standard procedure. Suspensions, films and airgel of NCC were characterized by various methods: the degree of polymerization was determined, elemental analysis was carried out, the degree of crystallinity and crystallite size were calculated on the basis of X-ray data, the morphology of NCC aerogels was studied using scanning electron microscopy. The particle size of the NCC was determined using a transmission electron microscope, a scanning atomic-force microscope and the method of dynamic light scattering. NFC hydrosols with different pH were used to prepare lyophilized NCC samples. From NCC hydrosols with pH 2.2, by gradual replacement of water with an organic solvent, NCC organogels with acetone, acetonitrile and ethanol were obtained.
The process of dispersion of lyophilized NCC and NCC organogels (acetone, acetonitrile and ethanol) in water and in 11 organic solvents was investigated. The effect of the pH of the initial aqueous suspension of the NCC and the solvent forming the NCC organogel on the repeated dispersibility of the NCC is shown. The optimum pH value of the initial aqueous suspension of NCC was determined, which determines the maximum dispersibility of the lyophilized samples in each specific solvent. It was shown that dispersion of acetone, acetonitrile and ethanol organogels in most of the solvents studied occurs with the formation of particles less than 100 nm.