bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impaired Specificity of Future Thinking in Alcohol Use Disorders
Authors: El Haj Mohamad , Moustafa Ahmed A. , Perle Aïssata , Tison Philippe , Cottencin Olivier , Nandrino Jean‐Louis 
Published: February 2019

BackgroundWhile there has been a body of work that has investigated past thinking in individuals with alcohol use disorders (AUD), little is known about future thinking in these individuals.MethodsWe invited participants with AUD and control participants to construct past and future events. We have also investigated the relationship between constructing past and future events and depression.ResultsBy analyzing the specificity (i.e., the ability in constructing specific events situated in time and space) of these events, results demonstrated lower specificity of past and future thinking in AUD participants compared to control participants. No significant differences were observed between the specificity of past and future thinking in AUD or in control participants. Further, significant negative correlations were observed between depression and past/future thinking in AUD participants but not in controls.ConclusionsDifficulties in constructing specific future scenarios, as observed in AUD participants compared with controls, are presumably related to ruminative thinking and emotional avoidance aspects of depression, which should be investigated in future studies. More specifically, individuals with AUD may tend to construct general future scenarios to dwell on negative past events and/or to avoid coping with hopelessness and processing of upsetting or distressful future scenarios.
Using the Formozov–Malyshev–Pereleshin formula to convert mammal spoor counts into density estimates for long‐term community‐level monitoring
Authors: Ahlswede Steve , Fabiano Ezequiel Chimbioputo , Keeping Derek , Birkhofer Klaus 
Published: February 2019

AbstractFinding an appropriate method to monitor a wide range of mammal species simultaneously is notoriously difficult, as each method has its limitations. Here, we examine a formula, known as the Formozov–Malyshev–Pereleshin (FMP), which uses mean daily travel distances (day ranges) to convert spoor counts into density estimates. Availability of accurate estimates of day ranges is a limitation of the FMP formula. Here, we used allometry to estimate day ranges for those species that lacked empirical movement data and general additive models (GAM) to assess trends in density estimates. With this approach, we derived density estimates for 10 mammal species, regardless of whether they were abundant, or rare and elusive (e.g. carnivores). General additive models suggest that six species are stable or increasing, and four declining, although all nonsignificantly. Use of allometric estimates in lieu of empirical estimates led to falsely increased precision in density estimates, highlighting the need to fill the knowledge gap in movement ecology for certain species. Simulations were used to examine error introduced into trend estimates by this bias. We conclude that the FMP formula, when properly employed, can be an efficient method for simultaneous monitoring of multispecies in different functional groups.
Meconium‐stained amniotic fluid exposure is associated with a lower incidence of offspring long‐term infectious morbidity
Authors: Paz Levy Dorit , Walfisch Asnat , Wainstock Tamar , Sergienko Ruslan , Kluwgant Dvora , Landau Daniella , Sheiner Eyal 
Published: February 2019

ObjectiveMeconium‐stained amniotic fluid (MSAF) is a well‐established risk factor for immediate adverse neonatal outcomes and was recently suggested to be associated with microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity. We aimed to determine whether MSAF exposure during labor carries a longer lasting impact on pediatric infectious morbidity.Study designA population‐based cohort analysis was performed including all singleton deliveries occurring between 1991 and 2014 at a single tertiary medical center. Exposure was defined as the presence of MSAF during labor. Hospitalizations of the offspring up to the age of 18 years involving infectious diseases were evaluated. A Kaplan‐Meier survival curve was used to compare cumulative morbidity and a Cox regression model to control for confounders.ResultsDuring the study period, 243 725 deliveries met the inclusion criteria. Of them, 35 897 (14.7%) involved MSAF. Rate of infectious‐related hospitalizations of the offspring was significantly lower in children exposed to MSAF as compared with the unexposed group (10.8% vs 11.1%, P < 0.05). Specifically, hospitalizations involving respiratory infections were significantly less common among the MSAF group (5.1% vs 5.6%, P < 0.001). The survival curve demonstrated significantly lower cumulative total infectious morbidity rates in the MSAF‐exposed group (log rank P < 0.001). In the Cox model, controlled for maternal age, diabetes, hypertension, mode of delivery, and gestational age, exposed children exhibited lower rates of long‐term childhood infectious morbidity (adjusted HR 0.96, 95% CI 0.92‐0.99, P < 0.001).ConclusionFetal exposure to MSAF during labor and delivery appears to be associated with lower rates of long‐term infectious‐related hospitalizations in the offspring.
Aminobisphosphonate‐associated orbital and ocular inflammatory disease
Authors: Keren Shay , Leibovitch Igal , Ben Cnaan Ran , Neudorfer Meira , Fogel Ortal , Greenman Yona , Shulman Shiri , Zur Dinah , Habot‐Wilner Zohar 
Published: February 2019

AbstractPurposeAminobisphosphonates may cause orbital/ocular inflammation. Awareness of the clinical presentation and disease course is crucial. The purpose of this study was to analyse demographics, clinical presentation, disease course and treatment of aminobisphosphonate‐associated orbital/ocular inflammation in a large series of patients.MethodsA retrospective study of patients with aminobisphosphonate‐associated orbital/ocular inflammation and a literature review to differentiate disease presentation and course between various aminobisphosphonates.ResultsEight patients from our institution (6 women and 2 men, median age 62 years) were included. The used drugs were zoledronate, alendronate and risedronate. The most common clinical presentation was conjunctival hyperaemia/chemosis. Scleritis was the most common manifestation, followed by diffuse orbital inflammation and anterior uveitis. Ultrasound aided in diagnosis in all our patients. The aminobisphosphonate was halted in all patients, and some patients had anti‐inflammatory treatment. Literature review included 68 patients (83 eyes), of them the most abundant drugs causing orbital/ocular inflammation were pamidronate (38 eyes) and zoledronate (35 eyes). Overall, among 76 patients, all drugs induced orbital disease, while uveitis was induced mostly by zoledronate and pamidronate, less by alendronate and not found among risedronate users. Time interval from drug administration to symptoms was hours to 28 days. Resolution was achieved in all patients, after 1–60 days from disease presentation, and the longer resolution period was found among alendronate users.ConclusionOrbital/ocular inflammation was mostly caused by intravenous aminobisphosphonates. Uveitis was not induced by risedronate. The putative aminobisphosphonate should be halted at the onset of orbital/ocular involvement and prognosis is favourable.
Low mortality and short‐term morbidity in very preterm infants in Austria 2011–2016
Authors: Kiechl‐Kohlendorfer U , Simma B , Urlesberger B , Maurer‐Fellbaum U , Wald M , Wald M , Weissensteiner M , Ehringer‐Schetitska D , Berger A ,   the Austrian Preterm Outcome Study Group
Published: February 2019

AbstractAimThe current study determined survival, short‐term neonatal morbidity and predictors for death or adverse outcome of very preterm infants in Austria.MethodsThis population‐based cohort study included 5197 very preterm infants (53.3% boys) born between 2011 and 2016 recruited from the Austrian Preterm Outcome Registry. Main outcome measures were gestational age‐related mortality and major short‐term morbidities.ResultsOverall, survival rate of all live‐born infants included was 91.6% and ranged from 47.1% and 73.4% among those born at 23 and 24 weeks of gestation to 84.9% and 88.2% among infants born at 25 and 26 weeks to more than 90.0% among those with a gestational age of 27 weeks or more. The overall prevalence of chronic lung disease, necrotising enterocolitis requiring surgery, intraventricular haemorrhage Grades 3–4, and retinopathy of prematurity Grades 3–5 was 10.0%, 2.1%, 5.5%, and 3.6%, respectively. Low gestational age, low birth weight, missing or incomplete course of antenatal steroids, male sex, and multiple births were significant risk predictors for death or adverse short‐term outcome.ConclusionIn this national cohort study, overall survival rates were high and short‐term morbidity rate was low.
Letter: double‐dose intensification – a quick way to reverse antibody formation and loss of response in patients treated with adalimumab
Authors: Echarri Ana , Molina Gema , Sagastagoia Olatz , Fuster Lucía , Fraga Rebeca , Cid Javier 
Published: February 2019

Linked ContentThis article is linked to Ungar et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.13862 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15139.
Live weights at slaughter significantly affect the meat quality and flavor components of pork meat
Authors: Ba Hoa V. , Seo Hyun‐Woo , Seong Pil‐Nam , Cho Soo‐Hyun , Kang Sun‐Moon , Kim Yun‐Seok , Moon Sung‐Sil , Choi Yong‐Min , Kim Jin‐Hyoung 
Published: February 2019

AbstractOne‐hundred‐twenty crossbred pigs finished at 175–185 days of age were used to investigate the effects of live weights at slaughter on the meat quality, volatile flavor compounds, and sensory attributes of pork meat. Based on the live weights at slaughter, three weight groups (n = 36 per group) were classified as follows: light weight (LW: 100 kg), medium weight (MW: 110 kg), and heavy weight (HW: 120 kg). After slaughter, longissimus dorsi muscle samples were taken and used for the analyses of aforementioned parameters. The HW group had higher fat content and water holding capacity compared to the LW or MW group (p < 0.05). The HW group also showed higher levels for majority of unsaturated fatty acids and total polyunsaturated fatty acids than the LW group (p < 0.05). The slaughter weight significantly affected the amounts of 11 among the 47 flavor compounds identified. Significantly higher amounts of fatty acids oxidation‐derived flavor compounds (aldehydes) were found in the HW group than in the other groups. Noticeably, increasing slaughter weight was associated with higher sensorial scores for flavor, juiciness, and acceptance scores (p < 0.05). Based on the obtained results, 120 kg body weight is recommended as the market weight for this commercial breed without compromising the meat quality.
Activity and mRNA expression levels of selected cytochromes P450 in various sections of the human small intestine
Authors: Clermont Valérie , Grangeon Alexia , Barama Azemi , Turgeon Jacques , Lallier Michel , Malaise Jacques , Michaud Veronique 
Published: February 2019

AimsTo characterize mRNA expression levels (17 cytochromes P450) and activity (9 isoforms) of major cytochromes P450 expressed throughout the human small intestine.MethodsTissue samples were obtained from 9 deceased subjects and intestinal sections (n = 10) were isolated for each subject. Relative mRNA expression levels were determined using quantitative real‐time PCR. Intestinal microsomes were prepared from 5 subsections: duodenum, jejunum (proximal and mid‐jejunum) and ileum (proximal and mid‐ileum) regions. In vitro incubations were performed with various cytochrome P450 probe substrates: bupropion (CYP2B6), repaglinide (CYP2C8), tolbutamide (CYP2C9), S‐mephenytoin (CYP2C19), bufuralol (CYP2D6), chlorzoxazone (CYP2E1), ebastine (CYP2J2), midazolam (CYP3A4/5) and lauric acid (CYP4A11). Metabolite formation was assessed using validated liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry assays.ResultsCytochrome P450 mRNA levels ranked as follows: CYP3A4 > CYP2C9 > CYP2C19 > CYP2J2 > CYP4F2. Cytochrome P450 mRNA transcripts showed different patterns in their relative expression from 1 region to the other but CYP3A4, CYP2C9, CYP2C19 and CYP2J2 displayed the highest levels of mRNA expression (>5%) in all intestinal sections. Cytochrome P450 activities were greater in proximal part of the small intestine with the jejunum showing the greatest drug‐metabolism activity. Spearman's correlation analyses indicated that cytochrome P450 mRNA expressions and corresponding cytochrome P450 activities in the human intestine were moderately associated for CYP2C19, CYP2D6 and CYP4A11 (rs = 0.44–0.56).ConclusionsOur study provides new and additional information on the expression and activities of selected cytochromes P450 in various sections of the human small intestine.
Post‐orogenic thermal history and exhumation of the northern Appalachian Basin: Low‐temperature thermochronologic constraints
Authors: Shorten Chilisa M. , Fitzgerald Paul G. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractApatite fission‐track (AFT) thermochronology and (U‐Th)/He (AHe) dating, combined with paleothermometers and independent geologic constraints, are used to model the thermal history of Devonian Catskill delta wedge strata. The timing and rates of cooling determines the likely post‐orogenic exhumation history of the northern Appalachian Foreland Basin (NAB) in New York and Pennsylvania. AFT ages generally young from west to east, decreasing from ~185 to 120 Ma. AHe single‐grain ages range from ~188 to 116 Ma. Models show that this part of the Appalachian foreland basin experienced a non‐uniform, multi‐stage cooling history. Cooling rates vary over time, ~1–2 °C/Myr in the Early Jurassic to Early Cretaceous, ~0.15–0.25 °C/Myr from the Early Cretaceous to Late Cenozoic, and ~1–2 °C/Myr beginning in the Miocene. Our results from the Mesozoic are broadly consistent with earlier studies, but with the integration of multiple thermochronometers and multi‐kinetic annealing algorithms in newer inverse thermal modeling programs, we constrain a Late Cenozoic increase in cooling which had been previously enigmatic in eastern U.S. low‐temperature thermochronology datasets. Multi‐stage cooling and exhumation of the NAB is driven by post‐orogenic basin inversion and catchment drainage reorganization, in response to changes in base level due to rifting, plus isostatic and dynamic topographic processes modified by flexure over the long (~200 Myr) post‐orogenic period. This study compliments other regional exhumation data‐sets, while constraining the timing of post‐orogenic cooling and exhumation in the NAB and contributing important insights on the post‐orogenic development and inversion of foreland basins along passive margins.
Cats under cover: Habitat models indicate a high dependency on woodlands by Atlantic Forest felids
Authors: Cruz Paula , De Angelo Carlos , Martínez Pardo Julia , Iezzi María Eugenia , Varela Diego , Di Bitetti Mario S. , Paviolo Agustín 
Published: February 2019

AbstractFour Neotropical small and medium felids—the ocelot, jaguarundi, margay, and southern tiger cat—have overlapping geographic distributions in the endangered Atlantic Forest. Local studies show that these felids avoid areas with high human impact, but the three smaller ones use human‐modified areas more frequently than do ocelots. To understand how landscape changes affect the habitat distribution of these four felids in the Atlantic Forest of Argentina, we used maximum entropy models to analyze the effect of environmental and anthropogenic factors. We estimated niche breadth and overlap among these felids. The conversion of the native forest to land uses without trees was the most important variable that determined the habitat distribution of the four species. For all four species, the optimal habitat covered about 1/3 of the study area and corresponds mainly to the native forest areas. Nearly 50% of these areas had some level of protection. The niche width was higher for the small felids than for ocelots. Niche overlap was high for all species pairs, but higher among the small felids and lower for each of these with the ocelot. The four felids were negatively affected by native forest loss, with ocelots being more sensitive than the smaller felids. The conversion of unprotected forest areas to other types of land uses would imply a greater habitat loss for these felids. The protection of current remnants of Atlantic Forest in Argentina is important for the long‐term conservation of the four felids.Abstract in Spanish is available with online material.
Review: The association between anxiety and poor attendance at school – a systematic review
Authors: Finning Katie , Ukoumunne Obioha C. , Ford Tamsin , Danielson‐Waters Emilia , Shaw Liz , Romero De Jager Ingrid , Stentiford Lauren , Moore Darren A. 
Published: February 2019

BackgroundAnxiety may be associated with poor attendance at school, which can lead to a range of adverse outcomes. We systematically reviewed the evidence for an association between anxiety and poor school attendance.MethodsSeven electronic databases were searched for quantitative studies that reported an estimate of association between anxiety and school attendance. Anxiety had to be assessed via standardised diagnostic measure or validated scale. Articles were screened independently by two reviewers. Meta‐analyses were performed where possible, otherwise results were synthesised narratively.ResultsA total of 4930 articles were screened. Eleven studies from six countries across North America, Europe and Asia, were included. School attendance was categorised into: (a) absenteeism (i.e. total absences), (b) excused/medical absences, (c) unexcused absences/truancy and (d) school refusal. Findings from eight studies suggested associations between truancy and any anxiety disorder, as well as social and generalised anxiety. Results also suggested cross‐sectional associations between school refusal and separation, generalised and social anxiety disorders, as well as simple phobia. Few studies investigated associations with absenteeism or excused/medical absences.ConclusionsFindings suggest associations between anxiety and unexcused absences/truancy, and school refusal. Clinicians should consider the possibility of anxiety in children and adolescents with poor attendance. However, there is a lack of high quality evidence, little longitudinal research and limited evidence relating to overall absenteeism or excused/medical absences, despite the latter being the most common type of absence. These gaps should be a key priority for future research.
A disintegrin and metalloprotease 23 hypermethylation predicts decreased disease‐free survival in low‐risk breast cancer patients
Authors: Zmetakova Iveta , Kalinkova Lenka , Smolkova Bozena , Horvathova Kajabova Viera , Cierna Zuzana , Danihel Ludovit , Bohac Martin , Sedlackova Tatiana , Minarik Gabriel , Karaba Marian , Benca Juraj , Cihova Marina , Buocikova Verona , Miklikova Svetlana , Mego Michal , Fridrichova Ivana 
Published: February 2019

A Disintegrin And Metalloprotease 23 (ADAM23), a member of the ADAM family, is involved in neuronal differentiation and cancer. ADAM23 is considered a possible tumor suppressor gene and is frequently downregulated in various types of malignancies. Its epigenetic silencing through promoter hypermethylation was observed in breast cancer (BC). In the present study, we evaluated the prognostic significance of ADAM23 promoter methylation for hematogenous spread and disease‐free survival (DFS). Pyrosequencing was used to quantify ADAM23 methylation in tumors of 203 BC patients. Presence of circulating tumor cells (CTC) in their peripheral blood was detected by quantitative RT‐PCR. Expression of epithelial (KRT19) or mesenchymal (epithelial‐mesenchymal transition [EMT]‐inducing transcription factors TWIST1, SNAI1, SLUG and ZEB1) mRNA transcripts was examined in CD45‐depleted peripheral blood mononuclear cells. ADAM23 methylation was significantly lower in tumors of patients with the mesenchymal CTC (P = .006). It positively correlated with Ki‐67 proliferation, especially in mesenchymal CTC‐negative patients (P = .001). In low‐risk patients, characterized by low Ki‐67 and mesenchymal CTC absence, ADAM23 hypermethylation was an independent predictor of DFS (P = .006). Our results indicate that ADAM23 is likely involved in BC progression and dissemination of mesenchymal CTC. ADAM23 methylation has the potential to function as a novel prognostic marker and therapeutic target.
Bone mineral density and estimated hip strength in men with anorexia nervosa, atypical anorexia nervosa and avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder
Authors: Schorr Melanie , Drabkin Anne , Rothman Micol S. , Meenaghan Erinne , Lashen Gillian T. , Mascolo Margherita , Watters Ashlie , Holmes Tara M. , Santoso Kate , Yu Elaine W. , Misra Madhusmita , Eddy Kamryn T. , Klibanski Anne , Mehler Philip , Miller Karen K. 
Published: February 2019

SummaryObjectiveFew bone mineral density (BMD) data are available in men with anorexia nervosa (AN), and none in those with atypical AN (ATYP) (AN psychological symptoms without low weight) or avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) (restrictive eating without AN psychological symptoms). We investigated the prevalence and determinants of low BMD and estimated hip strength in men with these disorders.DesignCross‐sectional: two centres.PatientsA total of 103 men, 18‐63 years: AN (n = 26), ARFID (n = 11), ATYP (n = 18), healthy controls (HC) (n = 48).MeasurementsBody composition, BMD and estimated hip strength (section modulus and buckling ratio) by DXA (Hologic). Serum 25OH vitamin D was quantified, as was daily calcium intake in a subset of subjects.ResultsMean BMI was lowest in AN and ARFID, higher in ATYP and highest in HC (AN 14.7 ± 1.8, ARFID 15.3 ± 1.5, ATYP 20.6 ± 2.0, HC 23.7 ± 3.3 kg/m2) (P < 0.0005). Mean BMD Z‐scores at spine and hip were lower in AN and ARFID, but not ATYP, than HC (postero‐anterior (PA) spine AN −2.05 ± 1.58, ARFID −1.33 ± 1.21, ATYP −0.59 ± 1.77, HC −0.12 ± 1.17) (P < 0.05). 65% AN, 18% ARFID, 33% ATYP and 6% HC had BMD Z‐scores <−2 at ≥1 site (AN and ATYP vs HC, P < 0.01). Mean section modulus Z‐scores were lower in AN than HC (P < 0.01). Lower BMI, muscle mass and vitamin D levels (R = 0.33‐0.64), as well as longer disease duration (R = −0.51 to −0.58), were associated with lower BMD (P < 0.05).ConclusionsMen with AN, ARFID and ATYP are at risk for low BMD. Men with these eating disorders who are low weight, or who have low muscle mass, long illness duration and/or vitamin D deficiency, may be at particularly high risk.