bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Receptor Type J (PTPRJ) Regulates Retinal Axonal Projections by Inhibiting Eph and Abl Kinases in Mice
Authors: Yu Yang , Shintani Takafumi , Takeuchi Yasushi , Shirasawa Takuji , Noda Masaharu 
Published: August 2018

Eph receptors play pivotal roles in the axon guidance of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) at the optic chiasm and the establishment of the topographic retinocollicular map. We previously demonstrated that protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type O (PTPRO) is specifically involved in the control of retinotectal projections in chicks through the dephosphorylation of EphA and EphB receptors. We subsequently revealed that all the mouse R3 subfamily members (PTPRB, PTPRH, PTPRJ, and PTPRO) of the receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase (RPTP) family inhibited Eph receptors as their substrates in cultured mammalian cells. We herein investigated the functional roles of R3 RPTPs in the projection of mouse retinal axon of both sexes.PtproandPtprjwere expressed in mouse RGCs; however,Ptprjexpression levels were markedly higher than those ofPtpro. Consistent with their expression levels, Eph receptor activity was significantly enhanced inPtprj-knock-out (Ptprj-KO) retinas. InPtprj-KO andPtprj/Ptpro-double-KO (DKO) mice, the number of retinal axons that projected ipsilaterally or to the contralateral eye was significantly increased. Furthermore, retinal axons inPtprj-KO and DKO mice formed anteriorly shifted ectopic terminal zones in the superior colliculus (SC). We found that c-Abl (Abelson tyrosine kinase) was downstream of ephrin–Eph signaling for the repulsion of retinal axons at the optic chiasm and in the SC. c-Abl was identified as a novel substrate for PTPRJ and PTPRO, and the phosphorylation of c-Abl was upregulated inPtprj-KO and DKO retinas. Thus, PTPRJ regulates retinocollicular projections in mice by controlling the activity of Eph and c-Abl kinases.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTCorrect retinocollicular projection is a prerequisite for proper vision. Eph receptors have been implicated in retinal axon guidance at the optic chiasm and the establishment of the topographic retinocollicular map. We herein demonstrated that protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type J (PTPRJ) regulated retinal axonal projections by controlling Eph activities. The retinas ofPtprj-knock-out (KO) andPtpro/Ptprjdouble-KO mice exhibited significantly enhanced Eph activities over those in wild-type mice, and their axons showed defects in pathfinding at the chiasm and retinocollicular topographic map formation. We also revealed that c-Abl (Abelson tyrosine kinase) downstream of Eph receptors was regulated by PTPRJ. These results indicate that the regulation of the ephrin–Eph–c-Abl axis by PTPRJ plays pivotal roles in the proper central projection of retinal axons during development.
Some analytic properties of the Weyl function of a closed linear relation
Authors: Storozh O.G. 
Published: August 2018

Let $L$ and $L_{0}$, where $L$ is an expansion of $L_{0}$, be closed linear relations (multivalued operators) in a Hilbert space $H$. In terms of abstract boundary operators (i.e. in the form which in the case of differential operators leads immediately to boundary conditions) some analytic properties of the Weyl function $M(\lambda)$ corresponding to a certain boundary pair of the couple $(L, L_{0}),$ are studied.
In particular, applying Hilbert resolvent identity for relations, the criterion of invertibility in the algebra of bounded linear operators in $H$ for transformation $M(\lambda) - M(\lambda_{0})$ in certain small punctured neighbourhood of $\lambda_{0} $ is established. It is proved that in this case $\lambda _{0}$ is a first-order pole for the operator-function $\left(M(\lambda )- M(\lambda_{0} )\right)^{-1} $. The corresponding residue and Laurent series expansion are found.
Under some additional assumptions, the behaviour of so called $\gamma$-field $Z_{\lambda}$ (being an operator-function closely connected to $M(\lambda)$) as $\lambda \to - \infty $ is investigated.
Wick calculus on spaces of regular generalized functions of Levy white noise analysis
Authors: Frei M.M. 
Published: August 2018

Many objects of the Gaussian white noise analysis (spaces of test and generalized functions, stochastic integrals and derivatives, etc.) can be constructed and studied in terms of so-called chaotic decompositions, based on a chaotic representation property (CRP): roughly speaking, any square integrable with respect to the Gaussian measure random variable can be decomposed in a series of Ito's stochastic integrals from nonrandom functions. In the Levy analysis there is no the CRP (except the Gaussian and Poissonian particular cases). Nevertheless, there are different generalizations of this property. Using these generalizations, one can construct different spaces of test and generalized functions. And in any case it is necessary to introduce a natural product on spaces of generalized functions, and to study related topics. This product is called a Wick product, as in the Gaussian analysis.
The construction of the Wick product in the Levy analysis depends, in particular, on the selected generalization of the CRP. In this paper we deal with Lytvynov's generalization of the CRP and with the corresponding spaces of regular generalized functions. The goal of the paper is to introduce and to study the Wick product on these spaces, and to consider some related topics (Wick versions of holomorphic functions, interconnection of the Wick calculus with operators of stochastic differentiation). Main results of the paper consist in study of properties of the Wick product and of the Wick versions of holomorphic functions. In particular, we proved that an operator of stochastic differentiation is a differentiation (satisfies the Leibniz rule) with respect to the Wick multiplication.
Tratamiento de aguas residuales domesticas mediante humedales subsuperficiales con macrófita Alocasia macrorrhizos (orejas de elefante) en la urbanización los tulipanes –Chosica, Lima
Authors: Castro Sarco Diana Gloria , Cruz Paredes Yobana Elsa , Florez Mamani Michael Edgard 
Published: August 2018

El objetivo de este artículo es evaluar la eficiencia de la macrófita alocacia macrorrhizos (orejas de elefante) en un humedal artificial subsuperficial de flujo horizontal para la remoción de los parámetros físicoquímicos y microbiológicos, para el riego de cultivos agrícolas. Utilizando el método de aforo de caudal, método de tubos múltiples y análisis físico químico, y la prueba de T-Student. Para el diseño del humedal se empleó 8 macrófitas de alocasia, se manejó un tanque a escala piloto con 16 litros, donde posteriormente se almaceno el agua a tratar durante un periodo de retención de 3 días, consecutivamente con el monitoreo de un mes. La eficiencia del uso del humedal subsuperficial con la macrófita consiguió el 60.72% de remoción de parámetros microbiológicos (coliformes totales, coliformes termotolerantes y e.coli), fisicoquímicos (pH, temperatura, turbiedad, conductividad eléctrica, oxígeno disuelto, solidos totales, DBO5 , DQO, fosfato) y organolépticos (olor, color, sabor) del agua residual, por ello, se confirma que la eficiencia de las macrófitas como parte del tratamiento de agua residual es viable a un nivel ambiental, económico y ostenta ventajas atractivas para el apoyo de la conservación del ambiente ya que no requieren grandes insumos de energía o máquina para su operación.
Bir Üniversite Acil Servisine Başvuran Geriatrik Hastaların Özellikleri
Authors: Bedel Cihan , Tomruk Önder 
Published: August 2018

Amaç: Yaşlılık insan yaşamının geri dönüşümsüz bir
süreci olarak kabul edilmektedir. Acil servise başvuran geriatrik
hastalıkların özelliklerinin bilinmesi doğru tanı ve acil tedavi yaklaşımında
yol gösterici olabilir. Çalışmamızın amacı genel olarak geriatrik hasta
başvurularının verilerini analiz etmek, elde edilen sonuçlarla vermekte olduğumuz
hizmetin ileriye yönelik yapılanmasında neler yapılabileceğini planlamaktır.

Metod: Ocak 2012- Ocak 2013 tarihleri arasında
başvuran 65 yaş ve üzeri 2101 hastanın kayıtları retrospektif olarak incelendi.
Kayıtlardan hastaların yaş, cinsiyet, başvuru şekli, başvuru saati,
şikayetleri, şikayetlerinin dağılımı, ön tanıları, taburculuk ve yatış
oranları, yatırıldığı bölümlere ait veriler incelenmiştir.

Sonuç: Toplam hasta sayısı 14754, 65 yaş ve üzeri
hasta sayısı 2101 (%14.2) olarak bulunmuştur (1111 erkek, (%52.9); 990 kadın,(
%47.1)). Hastalarımızın yaş aralığı; 65-74 yaş %43.8, 75-84 yaş %45.4, 85
yaş üzeri ise %10.8 olarak saptan­mıştır. Hastaların %52.4’ü özel araç,
%40.6’sı ambulans ile başvurmuştur. Çalışılan
hastaların %15.8’ine yatış yapılmış, %2.3’ü sevk olmuştur. 26 hasta
da exitus olmuştur. Hastaneye yatış yapılan 331 hastadan %28.7’si
yoğun bakıma yatışı yapılmıştır. En çok yatış yapılan bölümler 106 hasta ile
dahiliye ve 88 hasta ile kardiyolojidir. Hastaneye başvuru şikayetlerinin
yüzdeleri karın ağrısı %15.7, nefes darlığı %15.7, göğüs ağrısı %11.2’dir. En
sık bulunan hastalıklar sırasıyla %20.2 ile kardiyovasküler hastalıklar, %14.3
onkolojik hastalıklar, %11.1 solunum sistemi hastalıkları, %10.1
gastroenterolojik hastalıklar olarak saptanmıştır. Hastaların ön tanıları
incelendiğinde %15.4 onkolojik hastalık ve acilleri, %8.9 kalp
yetmezliği, % 6.9 KOAH ve astım olarak saptanmıştır.

Tartışma: Artan yaşlı nüfusla
birlikte acil servislerin yaşlı hastalar tara­fından kullanımı artmaktadır.
Değişik çalışmalarda yaşlı hastaların farklı nedenlerle acil servise başvurduğu
görülmektedir. Yapılan çalışmalarla hastanelerin kendi acil servislerine
başvuran yaşlı has­taların oranının ve sık görülen hastalıkların belirlemesi bu
hastaların takip edileceği özel bölümlerin düzenlenmesine yardımcı
olur. Bu sayede daha hızlı ve doğru tanı konularak tekrarlayan başvuruları
azalta­cağını düşünmekteyiz.
Bilgisayarlı tomografide geriatrik hastalarda adrenal insidentaloma prevalansı
Authors: KULALI Fatma , SEMİZ-OYSU Aslıhan , BASAT Sema , KULALI Şafak Fırat , BÜKTE Yaşar 
Published: August 2018

Amaç:
Amacımız, bilgisayarlı tomografi (BT) tetkiklerinde, 65 yaş ve üstü hastalarda
insidental saptanan adrenal lezyonların prevalansını araştırmaktır.Gereç-Yöntem:
Hastanemizde, Ocak 2013 ve Nisan 2014 tarihleri arasında, üst batın BT
tetkikleri yapılmış ardışık 903 hasta tekrar değerlendirildi. Bilinen kanser
öyküsü olan, adrenal patolojilere yönelik tetkik yapılan ve 65 yaş altı
hastalar çalışma dışı bırakıldı. Çalışma grubunu, 178 hasta oluşturdu. Çalışma
grubunda yer alan hastaların, BT tetkikleri incelendi. Adrenal lezyon varlığı,
varsa lezyon en uzun çapı ve görüntüleme özellikleri bir radyolog tarafından
kaydedildi. Lezyonların radyolojik bulgularına göre ön tanıları yapıldı.
Malignite özellikleri olanlar, çalışma dışı bırakıldı. BT’ de, adrenal
insidentaloma saptanma oranı hesaplandı. Bulgular:
BT tetkikleri incelenen, 93’ü kadın, 85’i erkek olan, 65 yaş ve üzeri 178 hasta
çalışma grubunu oluşturdu. Bu hastaların, 86’sında adrenal lezyon saptanırken
92’sinde adrenal glandlar doğaldı. Olguların ikisinde malignite ile uyumlu
görünüm saptandığı için insidentaloma grubundan çıkarıldı. İnsidental adrenal
lezyon saptanan 84 olgunun, 20’sinde diffüz adrenal hiperplazi, 53’ünde adenom,
11’inde myelolipom ile uyumlu radyolojik özellikler izlendi. Adrenal
insidentaloma prevalansı %47,2 olarak
saptandı.

Sonuç:
Çalışmamızda, BT’de geriatrik hastalarda adrenal insidentaloma prevalansı %47,2
bulunmuş olup küçümsenmeyecek derecededir. Günümüzde görüntüleme yöntemlerinin
daha çok kullanılması ile sık saptanan adrenal insidentalomaların malignite
ekartasyonu yapıldıktan sonra fonksiyonel açıdan değerlendirilmesi gereklidir.
SOCIAL INTEGRATION OF INTERNATIONAL MIGRANTS IN PRIMORSKY KRAY: PROBLEMS AND PERSPECTIVES
Authors: AMIRKHANIAN A. G. , BORODKINA O. I. 
Published: August 2018

Primorsky kray is among most developed regions of Russia’s Far East. However, the region is depopulating as mortality rate exceeds birth rate and due to out-migration of a local population. Labor migration partly compensates labor deficiency in the local labor market. Integration of international migrants becomes a vital issue. The purpose of this paper is to identify factors that facilitate or hamper international migrants' integration to a local labor market, medical care and institutions of cultural integration of Primorski kray, as well as practices used by migrants to overcome the barriers. The research is based on statistical data and data from prior published research as well as on the results from 12 expert interviews. The experts are specialized in the field of migration in Primorsky krai. International migrants encounter barriers when obtaining the legal work permissions and with a limited access to the medical care services. To overcome the barriers, migrants use a wide range of resources including services of intermediary firms specialized on migrants from the APEC countries as well as NGO services. To reduce social risks related to labor migration and to enhance migrants’ social integration, a system of the organized recruitment of labor migrants in their countries of origin is needed for their consequent employment in Primorsky kray. In addition, to facilitate migrants’ ethno-cultural and linguistic adaptation, further development of civic organizations is needed.
CHINA AND RUSSIA IN THE CONDITIONS OF NONRADIATION CHALLENGES AND THREATS OF NATIONAL SECURITY
Authors: Yan CHANG 
Published: August 2018

In this article, the author considers non-traditional challenges and threats to national security to the People's Republic of China and the Russian Federation. The author notes that the political and economic potential of these two countries is steadily increasing. The countries have solved a complex border issue, effectively cooperate within the framework of the SCO. At the same time, despite the warming of the general political climate in the Northeast Asia region, China-Russia security, as well as international security in general, continue to be threatened by various challenges of nontraditional security. To traditional security, the author refers to the state, political and military security of the country. Unconventional security exists in relation to traditional security, and includes, first of all, the issues of economy, culture, education, science and technology, the environment, as well as terrorism; environmental pollution; the spread of drugs and the spread of infectious diseases. The threats to unconventional security are peculiarities of non-state, non-state, transnational, unexpected and unpredictable and are located to rapid changes and from local ones can quickly turn into world challenges. That is why China and Russia need cooperation to prevent and stop unconventional challenges and threats to national security.
WILL BLOGERS REPLACE JOURNALISTS? INSTITUTIONAL AND NON-INSTITUTIONAL ACTORS AT THE INTERSECTION OF MEDIA AND NETWORK SPACES
Authors: GAVRA D. P. , DEKALOV V. V. 
Published: August 2018

In the paper, we consider the relationship between institutionalizedand non-institutionalized actors of media space within the framework of communicative capitalism (J. Dean). We develop this concept in the context of attention economy and new ways of digital capitalization. Internet user's attention is attracted, enclosed in particular Web segments, and converted into money by these segments’ owners and holders. So, new digital subjects with significant recourses and capabilities occur. Among them: traffic monopolists, network elites, communicative capitalists. The convergence of media- and networked spaces of social system complicates relation configurations between subjects in both spaces. Media relations are digitalized. Networked relations are mediated. On the area of these spaces’ intersection, different actors operate. They are digital subjects, Internet users, media and journalists, media audiences. Their communicative strategies and practices transform and intertwine each other. In the paper, we highlight two situations. The first situation: when a journalist creates her or his own network brand and tries to attract a new audience in her or his Web segment. She or he faces with distrust and the desire of Internet users to overturn the established symbolic hierarchies. The second situation: when a digital actor tries to get rents from the media space. She or he competes for the media audience and backs up her or his independent status. Both situations give rise to a number of opportunities and number of threats. Both digital actors and journalists are influenced with algorithm biasing and post-truth dissemination. The latter is aggravated with political actors’ participating and media and political subsystems converging.
Effect of renal dysfunction on the quality of life indicators associated with pain and general discomfort in arterial hypertension
Authors: Yakuhnaya E V , Solyanik E V , Borodina I A , Egorova M B 
Published: August 2018

Aim. To study the severity of patient’s pain and general discomfort by visual analogue scale in hypertension and to determine the possible dependence of this parameter on the degree of decreased glomerular filtration rate reflecting the stage of chronic kidney disease.
Methods. The study included patients diagnosed with essential hypertension and admitted to internal medicine department of FSBIH «Far Eastern District Medical Center» of FBMA of Russia, who agreed to participate in the study. Inclusion criterion was the verified diagnosis of hypertension stage 2-3, and exclusion criteria were decreased glomerular filtration rate
Results. In 8 (11.7%) patients, glomerular filtration rate was high and optimal, in 27 (38.2%) surveyed patients a slight decrease was revealed. A decrease of glomerular filtration rate
Conclusion. The combination of hypertension and severe renal dysfunction reduces the overall index reflecting the change in the quality of life by almost a quarter; the study of the quality of life parameters by visual analogue scale can be used in a comprehensive assessment of the effectiveness of medical measures improving the quality of medical care for patients with the combination of arterial hypertension and chronic kidney disease.
Prediction of risk of arterial hypertension among female adolescents born preterm
Authors: Abrarov R A 
Published: August 2018

Aim. Development of an algorithm for predicting the risk of arterial hypertension among female adolescents in Bashkortostan Republic who were born preterm.
Methods. The analysis of risk factors of cardiovascular diseases was performed among 95 female adolescents with arterial hypertension and 120 female adolescents with normal blood pressure aged 16 years who were born preterm. Blood pressure was measured depending on the percentile distribution of height according to Russian guidelines on prevention of cardiovascular diseases among children and adolescents.
Results. Based on Wald's method, predictive algorithm of risk of arterial hypertension and computer soft on its bases were developed for female adolescents of Bashkortostan Republic born preterm. Prognostic indicators, which demonstrated diagnostic index ≥2,0 and informativeness coefficient ≥0,25 were selected. If the total score of diagnostic indices is +13 points or more, then the conclusion should be made that there is 95% probability of arterial hypertension development. Total score of +8 to +12 is evident for 75% probability of arterial hypertension development. The developed soft makes it possible for female adolescents born preterm to pass comprehensive test and to get a conclusion about the probability of arterial hypertension development and scientifically based personalized recommendations for its prevention.
Conclusion. The developed prognostic algorithm will promote early diagnosis of arterial hypertension among female adolescents in Bashkortostan Republic who were born preterm; it allows defining adolescent groups at risk of this pathology aimed at early preventive measures.
Factors associated with rectal tumor and their influence on tumor regression grade after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy
Authors: Aliyarov Yu R 
Published: August 2018

Aim. To determine relation between localization, grade of invasion and differentiation in rectal tumor and tumor regression grade after neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy.
Methods. 88 patients with local advanced rectal cancer (Т2-4N0-2М0) were analyzed: 46 females and 42 males. The average age was 52.4±1.4 years. All patients underwent neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. In all groups regardless of tumor localization patients with stage T3 and moderate differentiation grade predominated.
Results. Complete pathological tumor response of grade 4 (TRG4) was revealed in 13 (14.7%) patients, grade 3 (TRG3) in 34 (38.6%) patients, low treatment effect (tumor response grade 2, TRG2) was registered in 26 (29.5%) patients, and lack of treatment effect (grade 1, TRG1) in 15 (17.2%) patients. Analysis of the data from patients with complete or nearly complete tumor regression (grade 3 and 4) demonstrated that such effect of neoadjuvant treatment was most often observed in patients with tumor localized in rectal lower ampulla (58.6%). Among patients with moderately differentiated adenocarcinomas, patients with tumor response of grade 3 and 4 predominated: 28 (56%) patients. According to invasion grade, in all groups patients with therapeutic response grade 3 and 4 prevailed, but most prominently - in groups of patients with stage T4a and T4b - 58.9%.
Conclusion. The closer to anus tumor is located, the more significant effect neoadjuvant therapy has; moderate tumor differentiation grade can be considered as a relative predictive factor of tumor regression on preoperative chemoradiation therapy.
Age-related features of activity of free radical oxidation in erythrocyte membranes and blood plasma in postinfarction cardiosclerosis in rats
Authors: Rebrova T Yu , Afanas’ev S A 
Published: August 2018

Aim. To determine the presence of lipid and protein peroxidation products in erythrocyte membranes and blood plasma in rats of different ages in an intact state and with developed postinfarction cardiosclerosis.
Methods. In rats aged 4, 12, 24 months postinfarction cardiosclerosis was modeled by coronary occlusion. In blood plasma and erythrocyte membranes, products reacting with thiobarbituric acid and carbonyl derivatives of protein amino acid residues were determined.
Results. In erythrocyte membranes of intact animals aged 12 months, a decrease of the content of thiobarbituric acid-reacting products was revealed in comparison with 4 month-old animals, and in 24 months-old animals the index significantly exceeded the values of young subjects. In the blood plasma of intact animals aged 12 and 24 months, an increased content of thiobarbituric acid-reacting products with respect to rats aged 4 months was revealed. In postinfarction cardiosclerosis, an increase in the accumulation of thiobarbituric acid-reacting products was observed in erythrocyte membranes of 4 and 24 months-old animals. In blood plasma, an increase of this parameter was noted only in the group of 4 months-old animals with postinfarction cardiosclerosis. In erythrocyte membranes of intact rats of all age groups, no differences in the level of carbonyl derivatives of protein amino acid residues were observed, and in blood plasma it significantly increased with age. In 4 and 12 months-old animals with postinfarction cardiosclerosis, significant increase of carbonyl derivatives of protein amino acid residues was mostly pronounced in erythrocyte membranes. In 24 months-old animals with postinfarction cardiosclerosis, this parameter in the membranes and blood plasma was stable.
Conclusion. The intensity of processes of cell membrane and blood lipid peroxidation has pronounced age-dependent features that persist in postinfarction cardiosclerosis; proteins of erythrocyte membranes of intact animals are subject to peroxide modification to a lesser degree than blood plasma proteins; in postinfarction cardiosclerosis formation in 4 and 12 months-old animals, carbonyl derivatives of protein amino acid residues are more intensively accumulated in erythrocyte membranes compared to blood plasma.