bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Systematic review of the safety and efficacy of osseointegration prosthesis after limb amputation
Authors: Kunutsor S K , Gillatt D , Blom A W 
Published: October 2018

Abstract

Background
Osseointegration, an approach for direct skeletal attachment of a prosthesis to an amputated limb, may address many of the problems associated with socket prostheses. The safety of osseointegration remains uncertain. The aim of this study was to summarize evidence on functional and clinical outcomes, as well as adverse effects of osseointegration for patients with a limb amputation.

Methods
MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science and the Cochrane Library were searched to April 2018. Eligible studies were observational, case and qualitative studies, and RCTs conducted in patients with a limb amputation, who were managed with osseointegrated prostheses and had follow-up data.

Results
Twenty-two eligible articles comprising 13 unique studies were included. No RCT was identified. Apart from three case reports that comprised one to five patients, the sample size of studies ranged from 11 to 100 participants. All relevant studies reported improvement in functional outcomes (walking ability, prosthetic use and mobility), satisfaction and quality of life following osseointegration, compared with their preoperative status or when using a conventional socket prosthesis. Infection rates ranged from 1 (95 per cent c.i. 0 to 5) to 77 (59 to 88) per cent. The majority of infections were described as low-grade soft tissue or superficial infections related to the skin–implant interface, and were treated effectively with antibiotics. None of the studies reported additional amputation or death as a result of osseointegration.

Conclusion
Osseointegration after limb amputation improves prosthetic use, comfort when sitting, walking ability, mobility, gait and quality of life. However, it is associated with an increased risk of soft tissue infection.
Clinicopathological features and prognosis of patients with gastric neuroendocrine tumors: A population‐based study
Authors: Tian Fang‐Xi , Cai Yu‐Qing , Zhuang Lv‐Ping , Chen Ming‐Fang , Xiu Zhong‐Biao , Zhang Yi , Liu Hong , Liu Zhi‐Hong , Liu Guo‐Ping , Zeng Chen , Lin Fei‐Ling , Liu Jing , Huang Si‐Ting , Zhang Liang‐Zhi , Lin Hua‐Yang 
Published: October 2018

AbstractBackgroundDespite its rarity, studies have shown the incidence of gastric neuroendocrine tumors (G‐NETs) is increasing. This study investigated the risk factors affecting the survival of G‐NETs patients and their prognosis over time.MethodA retrospective analysis of 506 G‐NETs patients who underwent surgery for nonmetastatic disease from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Result database from 1988 to 2011 was conducted. Multivariate Cox regression analyses identified the prognostic factors affecting overall survival (OS) and disease‐specific survival (DSS). Three‐year conditional survival (COS3 and CDS3) estimates at “x” year after treatment were calculated as follows: COS3 = OS(x + 3)/OS(x) and CDS3 = DSS(x + 3)/DSS(x).ResultsThe 1‐, 3‐, and 5‐year OS rates of all patients after surgery were 90.2%, 77.3%, and 68.8%, respectively. The 1‐, 3‐, and 5‐year DSS rates after surgery were 93.9%, 84.5%, and 80.9%, respectively. In the multivariate analysis, age, tumor grade, and T stage were independent prognostic factors of OS and DSS (all P < 0.05). With 1‐, 3‐, and 5‐year survivorship, the COS3 improved by +5.2 (82.2%), +7.2 (84.4%), and +8.5 (85.5%), respectively, and the CDS3 improved by +4.4 (89.4%), +9.1 (94.1%), and +12.5 (97.5%), respectively. Notably, the CDS3 improved dramatically among patients with advanced stage disease (eg, N0 stage: 93.0%‐98.9%, Δ5.9% vs N1 stage: 52.0%‐95.7%, Δ43.7%).ConclusionFor G‐NETs patients, age, tumor grade, T stage, and N stage were the clinicopathological factors significantly associated with prognosis. There were excellent outcomes for most G‐NETs patients, with a CDS3 of greater than 90% across all independent prognostic factors after 5 years of survival.
Postoperative chemotherapy had no prognostic effect on early‐staged young ovarian cancer with unilateral resection
Authors: Zhang Xiaofei , Wang Shuoer , Zhao SongJiao , Sun Yidi , Yang Gong 
Published: October 2018

AbstractPostoperative chemotherapy has been widely used in the treatment of early‐staged ovarian cancer patients underwent unilateral resection, but the clinical decision mainly depends on the doctor’s experience without a well‐defined guideline. This study used propensity score matching to analyze the effect of postoperative chemotherapy for early‐staged ovarian cancer patients underwent unilateral resection on prognosis. Patients of age 50 or younger than 50 with early‐staged ovarian cancer were explored from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program database during 2000‐2018. Propensity score matching was used to randomize the dataset and reduce the selection biases. Univariate and multivariate cox proportional hazards models were utilized to estimate the necessity of chemotherapy. In univariate analysis of matched population, both the overall survival and cancer‐specific survival analysis showed that chemotherapy had no effect on the prognosis of early‐staged young ovarian cancer patients (Overall survival, P = 0.477; Cancer‐specific survival, P = 0.950). In propensity‐adjusted multivariate analysis, chemotherapy still had no effect on both the overall and cancer‐specific survival probability after excluding the effect of all the confounding factors (HR = 0.863, CI = 0.587‐1.269, P = 0.455; HR = 1.009, CI = 0.633‐1.607, P = 0.970). Our study suggested that postoperative chemotherapy is not necessary for early‐staged young ovarian cancer patients with unilateral resection, as indicated by both the overall survival and cancer‐specific survival.
Tumor‐driven like macrophages induced by conditioned media from pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma promote tumor metastasis via secreting IL‐8
Authors: Chen Shao‐jie , Lian Guo‐da , Li Jia‐jia , Zhang Qiu‐bo , Zeng Lin‐juan , Yang Ke‐ge , Huang Chu‐mei , Li Ya‐qing , Chen Yin‐ting , Huang Kai‐hong 
Published: October 2018

AbstractTumor‐associated macrophages (TAMs) are abundant population of inflammatory cells which play an essential role in remodeling tumor microenvironment and tumor progression. Previously, we found the high density of TAMs was correlated with lymph node metastasis and poor prognosis in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Therefore, this study was designed to investigate the mechanisms of interaction between TAMs and PDAC. THP‐1 monocytes were the exposure to conditioned media (CM) produced by PDAC cells; then, monocyte recruitment and macrophage differentiation were assessed. CM from PDAC attracted and polarized THP‐1 monocytes to tumor‐driven like macrophages. mRNA expression cytokine profiling and ELISA identified the IL‐8 secretion was increasing in tumor‐driven like macrophages, and STAT3 pathway was involved. Addition of exogenous recombinant human IL‐8 promoted PDAC cells motility in vitro and metastasis in vivo via upregulating Twist expression, which mediated epithelial‐mesenchymal transition in cancer cells. What is more, IL‐8 expression level in tumor stroma by immunohistochemical analysis was related to lymph node metastasis, the number of tumor CD68 but not CD163 positive macrophages and patient outcome. Taken together, these findings shed light on the important interplay between cancer cells and TAMs in tumor microenvironment and suggested that IL‐8 signaling might be a potential therapeutic target for PDAC.
Safety of combined PD‐1 pathway inhibition and radiation therapy for non‐small‐cell lung cancer: A multicentric retrospective study from the GFPC
Authors: Lesueur Paul , Escande Alexandre , Thariat Juliette , Vauléon Enora , Monnet Isabelle , Cortot Alexis , Lerouge Delphine , Danhier Serge , Dô Pascal , Dubos‐Arvis Catherine , Chouaïd Christos , Gervais Radj 
Published: October 2018

AbstractIntroductionRandomized prospective studies on patients with metastatic non‐small‐cell lung cancers (NSCLCs) showed that anti‐programmed death‐1 (PD‐1) agents notably improved 2‐year overall survival (OS) rates, compared to docetaxel. NSCLC patients now receive nivolumab and irradiation, concurrently or not. However, little is known about the safety of this combination, even though the preclinical model suggested a possible synergic effect. We analyzed NSCLC patients treated with radiotherapy and nivolumab according to former's timing.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed records of a large series of metastatic NSCLC patients from three French centers, irradiated during the 6 months preceding, concomitantly, or 3 months after nivolumab administration to assess nivolumab tolerance and outcomes.ResultsAmong 104 patients included (37 women; 67 men; median age 60.3 years; 67% with performance status <2; 93.2% were current or past smokers) and their 144 intra‐ or extracranial irradiation courses, any‐grade adverse events (AEs) were observed in 62 (59.6%), with 10 (9.6%) experiencing at least one grade 3/4 toxicity and 9 (8.7%) at least one grade 3/4 immune‐related AE (IRAE). Respective 1‐ and 2‐year OS rates were 48.8% and 29.1%, while 1‐ and 2‐year progression‐free survival (PFS) rates were 20.9% and 10.1%. PFS was significantly better for patients with IRAE(s) (P = 0.038) than those without and a trend toward better OS (P = 0.06). Delivering radiation before or during/after nivolumab administration was not associated with better OS or PFS.ConclusionRadiotherapy delivered during the 6 months before, during, or the three months following nivolumab for NSCLCs was not associated with an increased risk of severe or unexpected toxicities.
Arteriovenous malformation after punch biopsy clinically mimicking a basal cell carcinoma: Case report and review of literature
Authors: Van der Worm Lerinza , Roberts Riyaadh , Isaacs Thuraya , Ngwanya Reginald M. 
Published: October 2018

Key Clinical MessageArteriovenous malformations (AVM's) of the skin can be acquired post blunt or penetrating trauma. They may clinically mimic basal cell carcinomas and other lesions with overlying telangiectasia. Specific clinical, dermoscopic, and histological clues differentiate these conditions. AVM's may progress to destructive lesions and early surgical intervention is key.
Investigation on Electron Distribution and Synergetic to Enhance Catalytic Activity in Bimetallic Ni(II)/Pd(II) Molecular Monolayer
Authors: Huang Pingping , Xue Ziqian , Li Tiesheng , Liu Zhongyi , Wei Donghui , Liu Minghua , Wu Yangjie 
Published: October 2018

AbstractNovel graphene oxide (GO)‐supported ordered diimine Ni/Pd bimetallic monolayers with ratio of Ni to Pd atomic ratios (2136 : 1, 333 : 1 and 97 : 1) (denoted as GO‐Diimine‐Ni/Pd1, GO‐Diimine‐Ni/Pd2, GO‐Diimine‐Ni/Pd3) were fabricated and their catalytic performances and synergetic mechanism were systematic investigated. For the as‐prepared GO‐Diimine‐Ni/Pd1, that trace palladium complex was responded for changing the electronic environment, tuning catalytic actives and modifying the electronic states which could enhance the highlighted catalytic activity. The more dramatic aspect of the GO‐Diimine‐Ni/Pd1 with high efficient catalytic activity could be achieved even with atom ratio of Ni/Pd even in 2136 : 1 (TOFNi=21277 h−1; TOFPd=4.545×107 h−1), in which the noble Pd could almost be replaced by non‐noble Ni according to requirement for economic chemistry. Interestingly, the synergetic mechanism between nickel and palladium was that the electron of Pd may transfer to Ni, which is different from the conventional Pd/Ni for catalyzing coupling reaction. Especially, the formation of Ni0 around Pd (II) as active centers was proposed and its size could be controlled with adjusting the palladium content on the surface. The results exhibited that the synergic effect between Ni and Pd made it easy for Ni2+ reduced into Ni0. It was crucial for adjusting the catalytic activity by designing the fine structure of ligand, the supports selection and modulating the Pd content at the molecular level.
Arene Hydrogenation by Metal Nanoparticles in Ionic Liquids
Authors: Chacón Gustavo , Dupont Jairton 
Published: October 2018

AbstractIonic liquids (ILs) have been extensively explored in controlling the selectivity and stability of metal nanoparticles and/or classical heterogeneous catalysts for the hydrogenation of aromatics. ILs provide a protective layer to metal surface catalysts and a physical barrier controlling the access of substrates/intermediates/products on the nanoconfined catalysts, acting as an electronic and geometrical modifier of the catalytic active sites. As a result, this allows the stability and electronic/geometrical properties of the catalyst to be modulated. The IL layers also allow nano‐environments to be designed for encapsulation and to change the kinetic/thermodynamic of the process compared to those reactions performed in classical heterogeneous catalysis. We will focus on the physical, geometric and electronic effects imposed by the IL on metal nanoparticles and classical heterogeneous catalysts on activity and selectivity in the hydrogenation of arenes, in particular benzene.
Lithiation and Delithiation Reactions of Binary Silicide Electrodes in an Ionic Liquid Electrolyte as Novel Anodes for Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Domi Yasuhiro , Usui Hiroyuki , Takaishi Rena , Sakaguchi Hiroki 
Published: October 2018

AbstractWe investigated the lithiation and delithiation properties of pure binary silicide electrodes in an ionic liquid electrolyte as novel anodes for lithium‐ion batteries. Some electrodes maintain a high reversible capacity in the electrolyte, whereas they show a poor cycling performance in an organic electrolyte. The superior performance results from the high affinity for the transition metal that composes the silicide with Li. Based on reaction behavior analysis, the crystal structure of silicide is maintained during the cycling, and phase separation does not occur. The ionic liquid electrolyte suppresses the formation of cracks and exfoliation of the silicide layer from a substrate. In addition, a surface film formed on the silicide electrode through the reductive decomposition of the electrolyte has different components than that on a Si electrode, even in the same ionic liquid electrolyte. Soft X‐ray emission spectroscopy demonstrates that the pure silicide itself reacts with Li. The obtained results will provide significant insights into novel alloy‐based anode materials for lithium‐ion batteries.
Moving window partial least squares after orthogonal signal correction as a coupling method for determination of uranium and thorium by ultrasound‐assisted emulsification microextraction
Authors: Khorshidi Neda , Niazi Ali 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThis study, a fast, simple, and efficient ultrasound‐assisted emulsification microextraction coupled with orthogonal signal correction‐moving window partial least squares (OSC‐MWPLS) was successfully used to preconcentration and simultaneous spectrophotometric determination of uranium and thorium in water samples. Response surface methodology based on a Box‐Behnken design was used to optimize the extraction conditions. The analysis of variance and some statistical tests such as lack‐of‐fit and coefficient of determination (R2) showed good fit of the experimental data with the second‐order polynomial model. Under the optimum conditions, the calibration graphs were linear in the range of 10.0 to 230.0 and 10.0 to 250.0 ng mL−1with detection limits of 3.11 and 3.56 ng mL−1(3Sb/m) for uranium and thorium, respectively. The preconcentration factor of this method for uranium and thorium reached 192. Repeatability (intra‐day) and reproducibility (inter‐day) were obtained 1.23% and 2.18% for uranium and 1.34% and 1.95% for thorium, respectively. The OSC was used for preprocessing of data matrices, and also MWPLS regression has been proposed for the selection of informative spectral intervals. In this paper, ultrasound‐assisted emulsification microextraction coupled with OSC‐MWPLS method was presented for the first time. The root mean square error of prediction for uranium and thorium with PLS, OSC‐PLS, and OSC‐MWPLS were 11.755, 10.335 and 5.301, 5.399 and 0.974, 0.986 ng mL−1, respectively. The results indicated that practical and environmentally friendly proposed method could be successfully used to the simultaneous determination of uranium and thorium in different environmental water samples.
Engineering the Interface of Carbon Electrocatalysts at the Triple Point for Enhanced Oxygen Reduction Reaction
Authors: Qiao Mo , Titirici Maria‐Magdalena 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe aqueous oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) has recently received increased attention due to its critical role in clean and sustainable energy‐generation technologies, such as proton exchange membranes (PEM) fuel cells, alkaline fuel cells and Zn–air batteries. The sluggish kinetics associated with ORR result from multistep electron‐transfer process. The slow kinetics are partially related to the O2 adsorption process onto the catalyst, which happens at the triple‐phase boundary (TPB) of the electrocatalyst–electrolyte–oxygen interface. Hence, tremendous efforts have been devoted to improving the intrinsic properties of electrocatalysts such as active sites, electrical conductivity and porosity. Engineering the electrocatalyst's interfacial properties is another critical issue in ORR, however less described in the literature. The surface of the catalyst provides the microenvironment for the triple boundary interface reaction, which directly influences its electrocatalytic activity and the kinetics. This Minireview is a summary of the existing literature on manipulating the interfacial surface of non‐precious metal catalysts at the triple point between the solid catalyst, the aqueous electrolyte and the O2 gas with the aim of improving the ORR efficiency. Various approaches towards improving the wettability and nanostructuring the catalyst surface to boost the activity of the surface‐active sites and provide improved stability are discussed.
Current to Clean Water – Electrochemical Solutions for Groundwater, Water, and Wastewater Treatment
Authors: Simon Ramona G. , Stöckl Markus , Becker Dennis , Steinkamp Anne‐Dorothee , Abt Christian , Jungfer Christina , Weidlich Claudia , Track Thomas , Mangold Klaus‐Michael 
Published: October 2018

AbstractElectrochemical technologies for the treatment of industrial and municipal wastewaters, potable water, and groundwater, are presented, focusing on the main water constituents: inorganics, organics, micropollutants, and microorganisms. Removal of inorganic compounds by electrodialysis, electrocoagulation, and capacitive deionization as well as removal of organics and micropollutants by electrosorption, advanced oxidation processes, and anodic oxidation with boron‐doped diamond electrodes are reviewed. Electricity can be generated by degradation of organic compounds in microbial fuel cells and dehalogenation by cathodic reduction minimizes toxic substances in water. The disinfection of different types of water is also presented and it is shown that electrochemical methods offer versatile approaches to contribute to an sustainable future water management.
Genetic determinants of childhood and adult height associated with osteosarcoma risk
Authors: Zhang Chenan , Morimoto Libby M. , de Smith Adam J. , Hansen Helen M. , Gonzalez‐Maya Julio , Endicott Alyson A. , Smirnov Ivan V. , Metayer Catherine , Wei Qingyi , Eward William C. , Wiemels Joseph L. , Walsh Kyle M. 
Published: October 2018

BACKGROUNDAlthough increased height has been associated with osteosarcoma risk in previous epidemiologic studies, to the authors' knowledge the relative contribution of stature during different developmental timepoints remains unclear. Furthermore, the question of how genetic determinants of height impact osteosarcoma etiology remains unexplored. Genetic variants associated with stature in previous genome‐wide association studies may be biomarkers of osteosarcoma risk.METHODSThe authors tested the associations between osteosarcoma risk and polygenic scores for adult height (416 variants), childhood height (6 variants), and birth length (5 variants) in 864 osteosarcoma cases and 1879 controls of European ancestry.RESULTSEach standard deviation increase in the polygenic score for adult height, corresponding to a 1.7‐cm increase in stature, was found to be associated with a 1.10‐fold increase in the risk of osteosarcoma (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.01‐1.19; P =.027). Each standard deviation increase in the polygenic score for childhood height, corresponding to a 0.5‐cm increase in stature, was associated with a 1.10‐fold increase in the risk of osteosarcoma (95% CI, 1.01‐1.20; P =.023). The polygenic score for birth length was not found to be associated with osteosarcoma risk (P =.11). When adult and childhood height scores were modeled together, they were found to be independently associated with osteosarcoma risk (P =.037 and P = .043, respectively). An expression quantitative trait locus for cartilage intermediate layer protein 2 (CILP2), rs8103992, was significantly associated with osteosarcoma risk after adjustment for multiple comparisons (odds ratio, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.16‐1.56 [P = 7.93×10‐5 and Padjusted =.034]).CONCLUSIONSA genetic propensity for taller adult and childhood height attainments contributed independently to osteosarcoma risk in the current study data. These results suggest that the biological pathways affecting normal bone growth may be involved in osteosarcoma etiology.
The M6 cell: A small‐field bistratified photosensitive retinal ganglion cell
Authors: Quattrochi Lauren E. , Stabio Maureen E. , Kim Inkyu , Ilardi Marissa C. , Michelle Fogerson P. , Leyrer Megan L. , Berson David M. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractWe have identified a novel, sixth type of intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cell (ipRGC) in the mouse—the M6 cell. Its spiny, highly branched dendritic arbor is bistratified, with dendrites restricted to the inner and outer margins of the inner plexiform layer, co‐stratifying with the processes of other ipRGC types. We show that M6 cells are by far the most abundant ganglion cell type labeled in adult pigmented Cdh3‐GFP BAC transgenic mice. A few M5 ipRGCs are also labeled, but no other RGC types were encountered. Several distinct subnuclei in the geniculate complex and the pretectum contain labeled retinofugal axons in the Cdh3‐GFP mouse. These are presumably the principle central targets of M6 cells (as well as M5 cells). Projections from M6 cells to the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus were confirmed by retrograde tracing, suggesting they contribute to pattern vision. M6 cells have low levels of melanopsin expression and relatively weak melanopsin‐dependent light responses. They also exhibit strong synaptically driven light responses. Their dendritic fields are the smallest and most abundantly branched of all ipRGCs. They have small receptive fields and strong antagonistic surrounds. Despite deploying dendrites partly in the OFF sublamina, M6 cells appear to be driven exclusively by the ON pathway, suggesting that their OFF arbor, like those of certain other ipRGCs, may receive ectopic input from passing ON bipolar cells axons in the OFF sublayer.