bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Climate‐driven changes in macrobenthic communities in the Mediterranean Sea: A 10‐year study in the Bay of Banyuls‐sur‐Mer
Authors: Bonifácio Paulo , Grémare Antoine , Amouroux Jean-Michel , Labrune Céline 
Published: August 2019

AbstractMarine ecosystems worldwide are affected by both natural variation and human activities; to disentangle and understand their individual role in influencing the macrobenthic community composition is challenging. The relationship between interannual variability in atmospheric circulation, dictated by the climatic oscillation indices, and the benthic macrofauna composition was assessed at four sampling sites located in the Bay of Banyuls‐sur‐Mer (NW Mediterranean Sea). Between 2004 and 2013, these sites were sampled annually during autumn/winter and analyzed for sediment grain‐size and benthic macrofauna composition (species richness, abundance, and biomass). Temporal changes in these descriptors were correlated with two climatic indices (NAO and WeMO indices) and a set of environmental parameters integrated over three different time periods (i.e., whole year, springtime, and wintertime). Our results confirm the occurrence of major temporal changes in the composition of macrobenthic communities within the Gulf of Lions. More specifically, the results indicate that (a) the WeMO appears to be more closely related to benthic macrofauna composition in the Bay of Banyuls‐sur‐Mer than the NAO, (b) winter is a better integration period than spring or the whole year as a proxy for community composition changes, and (c) Rhône River water flow is likely involved in the control of benthic macrofauna composition in the whole Gulf of Lions. The present study highlights the importance of WeMO as a regional proxy, which can be used to evaluate changes in benthic macrofauna linked to climatic variability.
Agroforestry coffee soils increase the insect‐suppressive potential offered by entomopathogenic fungi over full‐sun soils: A case proposing a “bait survival technique”
Authors: Moreira Camila Costa , Celestino Daiane , Guerra Sobrinho Tathiana , Cardoso Irene Maria , Elliot Simon Luke 
Published: August 2019

AbstractEntomopathogenic fungi are important natural enemies of insects. However, there is little information on the insect‐suppressive potential of these fungi and possible effects of farming management on this. Meanwhile, changes in natural landscapes due to agricultural intensification have caused considerable biodiversity loss and consequent decay of ecosystem services. However, the adoption of practices such as agroforestry in agroecosystems can foster abiotic and biotic conditions that conserve biodiversity, consequently restoring the provision of ecosystems services. Here, we assessed the effect of management systems (agroforestry or full‐sun) on the pest‐suppressive potential of entomopathogenic fungi in Brazilian coffee plantations. We used the insect bait method coupled with survival analyses to assess the speed of kill by entomopathogenic fungi and their presence in soil samples from both farming systems. We found that insects exposed to agroforestry soils died more quickly than insects exposed to full‐sun soils. Of the fungi isolated from the bait insects, Metarhizium was found most frequently, followed by Beauveria. Meanwhile, Fusarium was frequently isolated as primary or secondary infections. We propose that the differential survival of insects is indicative of a greater suppressive potential by entomopathogenic fungi in agroforestry, and that this could be promoted by the diversified landscape, microclimatic stability, and reduced soil disturbance in agroforestry systems. Furthermore, our results provide a useful demonstration of the potential use of the insect bait method to investigate pest‐suppressive potential through bait insect mortality, and we term this the “bait survival technique.”
A Systematic Chemometric Approach to Identify the Geographical Origin of Olive Oils
Authors: Gertz Christian , Gertz Alexander , Matthäus Bertrand , Willenberg Ina 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe verification of the geographical origin of olive oils by analytical techniques is still a challenge. The goal of this work is to explore the application and accuracy of different chemometric tools combined with near infrared spectroscopy (NIR) based analytical methods in the field of geographical authenticity of olive oils. As olive oils associated with different geographical origins are mainly characterized by different fatty acid (FA) and triacylglycerol (TAG) compositions, NIR methods for the fast and reliable determination of these parameters are developed. Next, these NIR methods are used to characterize a comprehensive set of olive oils (n > 5000) derived from 19 different countries. This set of data is used to build a statistical workflow, which allows the determination of the geographical origin of unknown olive oil samples. First of all, the untreated data set is pretreated by k‐means clustering and the selection of the relevant analytical variables by principal component analysis (PCA) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and min/max normalization of all parameters. Subsequently, classification is performed with a reduced sample set of the 200 most similar samples identified by k‐nearest neighbor tool (kNN). For classification purpose kNN, LDA, naïve Bayes classifier, and logit regression are applied.Practical Applications: The established statistical workflow can be used to verify the geographical origin of olive oils. The application and usage of up to four different statistical models for classification purpose results in a superior probability of the predicted origin in comparison to the application of only one single statistical classification test. As standardized methods are used as reference methods for building the NIR methods, the FA and TAG composition and the iodine value can be either determined by the standard methods or by the described NIR method. The presented statistical approach will help to build up a system for the verification of the geographical origin of olive oils.
Slip and instability mechanisms of coal‐rock parting‐coal structure (CRCS) under coupled dynamic and static loading
Authors: Liu Yang , Lu Cai‐Ping , Liu Bin , Xiao Zi‐Yi , Zhang Heng 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe slip and instability mechanisms of coal‐rock parting‐coal structure (CRCS) under coupled dynamic and static loading were investigated using theoretical analysis and numerical simulations, and the fracture and instability processes were described by monitoring the displacement, strain, and acoustic emissions (AEs) of coal and rock parting blocks. Based on the parameters of dynamic load, three different effects on slip and instability characteristics of CRCS were presented, and the effect mechanisms of static stress, as well as amplitude and frequency of dynamic stress wave, were analyzed in detail. Finally, the direct effect on the slip and instability strength of CRCS and the frequency range of dynamic load for generating synchronous slip along two discontinuities sandwiched between coal and rock parting blocks were discussed. This work is relevant for early warning coal‐rock dynamic disasters that are triggered by the slip and fracture instability of CRCS under coupled dynamic and static loading in coal mines.
Initial decratonization of the eastern North China Craton: New constraints from geochronology, geochemistry, and Hf isotopic compositions of Mesozoic igneous rocks in the Qingchengzi district
Authors: Li Jian , Cai Wen‐yan , Wang Ke‐yong , Kim Namhoon , Liu Han‐lun , Lee Gill‐Jae , Yoo Bong‐Chul 
Published: August 2019

Herein, new zircon U–Pb ages, whole‐rock major and trace element geochemistry, and Hf isotopes are presented for four Mesozoic granitic rock samples within the Qingchengzi district, eastern China. These data provide precise age and petrogenesis information with respect to the Mesozoic intrusions in the Qingchengzi district, which further constrain the initial decratonization process of the eastern North China Craton (NCC). The zircon U–Pb data reveal that these granitoids are emplaced in the following two stages: Triassic (243–220 Ma) and Middle Jurassic (∼164 Ma). These Mesozoic rocks (lithology: syenogranite, monzogranite, and biotite granite) contain high concentrations of silica (68.94–77.07 wt.%) and total alkali (7.35–9.71 wt.%) together with low concentrations of MgO (0.07–0.98 wt.%), total Fe2O3(0.81–2.92 wt.%), and CaO (0.17–1.80 wt.%), and they are characterized by an enrichment of large‐ion lithophile elements (LILEs; e.g., Rb, Cs, and K) and light rare earth elements (LREEs) in addition to depletion of high‐field‐strength elements (HFSEs; e.g., Nb, Ta, and Ti) and heavy rare earth elements (HREEs), indicating that these Mesozoic rocks are similar to I‐type granitoids. The εHf(t) values of the magmatic zircons in these granitoids range from −18.7 to −11.4. Such geochemical characteristics indicate that these granitoid formations were generated by the partial melting of the ancient lower crustal material. However, the occurrence of mafic microgranular enclaves in the Shuangdinggou monzogranite implies the mixing of the mantle‐derived magmas.Combined with the results of the previous research, these new data indicate that initial decratonization of the eastern NCC occurred during the Triassic period in response to the collision and amalgamation of the Yangtze Craton and NCC. During the Jurassic, the dynamic mechanism of lithospheric thinning was overprinted owing to the subduction of the Paleo‐Pacific Plate. Furthermore, cratonic destruction reached its peak during the Early Cretaceous, which could be related to the asthenospheric upwelling induced by the rollback of the subducting oceanic slab.
The effects of state‐level earned income tax credits on suicides
Authors: Lenhart Otto 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis study examines the relationship between state‐level earned income tax credit (EITC) laws in the United States on suicides. Following findings in previous work showing that the EITC is associated with lower depression rates and reduced number of risky biomarkers, I estimated the effects of state EITC generosity on suicide rates. Using data for the years 1996 to 2016, a period with 74 state‐level EITC policy changes, I find that introducing a high state EITC rate reduces suicide rates for adults aged 25 or above by 3.91%. The results are consistent across four different measures of EITC generosity.
Sox9 Is a Modifier of the Liver Disease Severity in a Mouse Model of Alagille Syndrome
Authors: Adams Joshua M. , Huppert Kari A. , Castro Eumenia C. , Lopez Mario F. , Niknejad Nima , Subramanian Sanjay , Zarrin‐Khameh Neda , Finegold Milton J. , Huppert Stacey S. , Jafar‐Nejad Hamed 
Published: August 2019

Background and Aims
Alagille syndrome (ALGS) is a multisystem developmental disorder characterized by bile duct (BD) paucity, caused primarily by haploinsufficiency of the Notch ligand jagged1. The course of the liver disease is highly variable in ALGS. However, the genetic basis for ALGS phenotypic variability is unknown. Previous studies have reported decreased expression of the transcription factor SOX9 (sex determining region Y‐box 9) in late embryonic and neonatal livers of Jag1‐deficient mice. Here, we investigated the effects of altering the Sox9 gene dosage on the severity of liver disease in an ALGS mouse model.

Approach and Results
Conditional removal of one copy of Sox9 in Jag1+/−
livers impairs the biliary commitment of cholangiocytes and enhances the inflammatory reaction and liver fibrosis. Loss of both copies of Sox9 in Jag1+/−
livers further worsens the phenotypes and results in partial lethality. Ink injection experiments reveal impaired biliary tree formation in the periphery of P30 Jag1+/−
livers, which is improved by 5 months of age. Sox9 heterozygosity worsens the P30 biliary tree phenotype and impairs the partial recovery in 5‐month‐old animals. Notably, Sox9 overexpression improves BD paucity and liver phenotypes in Jag1+/−
mice without ectopic hepatocyte‐to‐cholangiocyte transdifferentiation or long‐term liver abnormalities. Notch2 expression in the liver is increased following Sox9 overexpression, and SOX9 binds the Notch2 regulatory region in the liver. Histological analysis shows a correlation between the level and pattern of SOX9 expression in the liver and outcome of the liver disease in patients with ALGS.

Conclusions
Our results establish Sox9 as a dosage‐sensitive modifier of Jag1+/−
liver phenotypes with a permissive role in biliary development. Our data further suggest that liver‐specific increase in SOX9 levels is a potential therapeutic approach for BD paucity in ALGS.
hnRNPU/TrkB Defines a Chromatin Accessibility Checkpoint for Liver Injury and Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis Pathogenesis
Authors: Xiong Jing , Liu Tongyu , Mi Lin , Kuang Henry , Xiong Xuelian , Chen Zhimin , Li Siming , Lin Jiandie D. 
Published: August 2019

Background and Aims
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a progressive liver disease that is characterized by liver injury, inflammation, and fibrosis. NASH pathogenesis is linked to reprogramming of chromatin landscape in the liver that predisposes hepatocytes to stress‐induced tissue injury. However, the molecular nature of the putative checkpoint that maintains chromatin architecture and preserves hepatocyte health remains elusive.

Approach and Results
Here we show that heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein U (hnRNPU), a nuclear matrix protein that governs chromatin architecture and gene transcription, is a critical factor that couples chromatin disruption to NASH pathogenesis. RNA‐seq and chromatin immunoprecipitation‐seq studies revealed an extensive overlap between hnRNPU occupancy and altered gene expression during NASH. Hepatocyte‐specific inactivation of hnRNPU disrupted liver chromatin accessibility, activated molecular signature of NASH, and sensitized mice to diet‐induced NASH pathogenesis. Mechanistically, hnRNPU deficiency stimulated the expression of a truncated isoform of TrkB (TRKB‐T1) that promotes inflammatory signaling in hepatocytes and stress‐induced cell death. Brain‐derived neurotrophic factor treatment reduced membrane TRKB‐T1 protein and protected mice from diet‐induced NASH.

Conclusions
These findings illustrate a mechanism through which disruptions of chromatin architecture drive the emergence of disease‐specific signaling patterns that promote liver injury and exacerbate NASH pathogenesis.
Perception of risk of tripping under lighting and obstacle conditions
Authors: Li Kai Way , Chen Yunxiu , Zou Fan , Li Nailiang , Duan Tianhong 
Published: August 2019

AbstractA gait experiment was performed to test the effects of obstacle presence on the perception of the risk of tripping. The experimental conditions included lighting condition, obstacle type, color contrast, and obstacle height. Both male and female participants attended this study. The participants reported a perceived risk of tripping (PRT), on a five‐point scale, both before and after a walk. A rating of gait disturbance, also on a five‐point scale, was recorded. The results indicated that lighting condition, obstacle type, color contrast, and obstacle height were all significant on the PRT ratings, both before and after the walk, and on the rating of gait disturbance. The PRTs were positively correlated with the rating of gait disturbance. The possibility of obstacle‐contact, or tripping without falling, in the dimmed condition was 15.5 times of that in the normal lighting condition. A high rating of perceived risk of tripping before a walk was associated with a high gait disturbance score. It, however, did not necessarily lead to the low occurrence of tripping.
A Review of the Literature on Potential Effects of Runoff from Refined Coal-Tar–Based Sealant Coating on Aquatic Organisms
Authors: Kane Driscoll Susan , Kulacki Konrad , Marzooghi Solmaz 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Pavement sealants are frequently applied to parking lots and driveways to improve their appearance and protect the integrity of the underlying asphalt. We performed a comprehensive literature review to summarize the potential impacts of refined coal-tar–based sealant (RCTS) runoff to aquatic organisms and to evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of the lines of evidence presented in the literature. The studies reviewed included both laboratory and field exposures, with and without exposure to UV light, and measured effects on multiple endpoints associated with bacteria, benthic macroinvertebrates, and fish. Several studies demonstrated that constituents in RCTS runoff can affect survival, growth, behavior, development, and molecular responses of aquatic organisms in controlled laboratory settings. However, translating effects observed in the laboratory to field settings, where runoff is diluted and constituents interact with particulate and dissolved stream constituents (e.g., organic matter), has proven difficult. In this review, we identify the strengths and weaknesses of the existing literature and provide recommendations for study designs and methods to fill the most critical data gaps in understanding the risk of this material to aquatic organisms. Our review highlights the need for environmentally relevant study designs that demonstrate cause–effect relationships under field conditions. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2019;00:1–11. © 2019 SETAC
A systematic review and meta‐analysis of cesarean delivery and other uterine surgery as risk factors for placenta accreta
Authors: De Mucio Bremen , Serruya Suzanne , Alemán Alicia , Castellano Graciela , Sosa Claudio G. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe incidence of placenta accreta has increased in recent years and it has been suggested that the rising trend in cesarean delivery and other uterine surgery is the underlying cause.ObjectiveTo explore the magnitude of the effect of performing single and repeat cesarean deliveries or other uterine surgery on the incidence of placenta accreta.Search strategyRelevant databases were searched for papers published before August 1, 2018, using terms including “accreta” and “cesarean.”Selection criteriaCohort studies assessing the risk of placenta accreta according to women's history of uterine surgery.Data collection and analysisMeta‐analyses were performed to assess the risks associated between uterine surgery and placenta accreta, hysterectomy, and uterine rupture. The I2 statistic was used to examine between‐study heterogeneity.Main resultsThe risk of placenta accreta in a second pregnancy increased for women who had undergone a cesarean in their first pregnancy compared with vaginal delivery (OR 3.02; 95% CI, 1.50–6.08). Absolute risk of placenta accreta increased with the number of previous cesareans. The risk of uterine rupture and hysterectomy was also associated with the number of cesareans.ConclusionsRisk of placenta accreta, hysterectomy, and uterine rupture increases with the number of previous cesarean deliveries.PROSPERO: CRD42016050646.
Post‐abortion care: Ethical and legal duties
Authors: Dickens Bernard M. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractWomen who experience complications from abortion, whether unlawful or lawful, induced or spontaneous, need immediate post‐abortion care. Delay in providing care might cause women's avoidable disability, lost childbearing capacity, or death. Rendering care is not an abortion procedure nor illegal, and does not justify conscientious objection. Harm reduction strategies to reduce effects of unsafe abortion may legitimately inform women who might consider resort to abortifacient interventions of their rights to professional post‐abortion care. Healthcare practitioners’ refusal or failure to provide available care might constitute ethical misconduct and attract legal liability, for instance for negligence. States are responsible to ensure healthcare practitioners’ and facilities’ provision of post‐abortion care, including both medical care and psychological support, delivered with compassion and respect for dignity, and to suppress stigmatization of patients and/or caregivers. Mandatory reporting of patients suspected of criminal abortion violates professional confidentiality. States’ failures of indicated care might constitute human rights violations.
Biographical films as a person‐centered approach to reduce neuropsychiatric symptoms of dementia in residential care: A feasibility study
Authors: Francis Emma R. , Smith Jared G. , Qayyum Mustabshira , Lee Jessica , Woodgate Philip , Lawrence Robert M. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractObjectiveNeuropsychiatric symptoms are a major component of dementia irrespective of severity or subtype. We aimed to determine the feasibility of biographical films to reduce neuropsychiatric symptoms in people with moderate to severe dementia over a 32‐week period.MethodA total of 11 people with dementia situated in a residential care home took part in this mixed‐method feasibility study. Carers reported neuropsychiatric symptoms of residents at three time‐points, and their experience of the study was obtained at a feedback session.ResultsThere was a significant reduction in neuropsychiatric symptoms in residents with neuropsychiatric impairment from baseline to the end of study (p = .042;
d = .98). Thematic analysis identified three major themes: Triggered memories, knowledge gained to support care, and perceived changes in the resident.ConclusionThe findings suggest that it is feasible to use biographical films long‐term to reduce neuropsychiatric symptoms of dementia, alongside routine care.
Improving care for sexually transmitted infections
Authors: Rietmeijer Cornelis A 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIntroductionRising rates of reported sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in the US and Europe are a public health priority and require a public health response. The diagnosis and treatment of STIs have been the cornerstone of STI control and prevention for many decades and, historically, publicly funded STI clinics have played a central role in the provision of STI care. Innovations in non‐invasive diagnostic techniques, especially nucleic acid amplification tests in the mid‐1990s, have facilitated the expansion of STI testing and treatment outside traditional STI clinics, including primary care, family planning, school‐based health, outreach, corrections, emergency departments and HIV prevention and care settings. As a result, the continued need for categorical STI clinics has been debated. In this Commentary, we discuss how practice can be improved at each level of STI care.DiscussionSTI practice improvement plans should be tailored to the strengths of each care setting. Thus, in primary care, the focus should be on improving STI screening rates, the provision of hepatitis B and human papillomavirus vaccines and, in jurisdictions where this is legal, expedited partner therapy for gonorrhoea and chlamydia. Extragenital (pharyngeal and rectal) testing for gonorrhoea and chlamydia should be available in settings serving populations more vulnerable to STI acquisition at these anatomical sites, including men who have sex with men. In family planning settings with a mostly female patient population, there are opportunities to serve male partners with both contraceptive and STI services. STI screening rates can also be improved in other settings serving populations at increased risk for STIs, including school‐based clinics, emergency departments, correctional health facilities and providers of HIV care and prevention. These improvements are predominantly logistical in nature and not dependent on extensive STI clinical expertise. While some providers in these settings may have the clinical knowledge and skills to evaluate symptomatic patients, many do not, and STI speciality clinics must be available for consultation and referral and evolve from “safety net” providers of last resort to STI centres of excellence.ConclusionsA tailored practice improvement plan can be envisioned to achieve an optimally functioning STI care continuum.