bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Available plant nutrients in soil as influenced by planting methods and herbicidal treatments
Authors: Brar Amandeep Singh , Sharma Parmodh , Kahlon Charanjit Singh , Walia U.S. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractRice (Oryza sativaL.)-wheat (Triticum aestivumL.) is the predominant cropping system of North Indian region. Due to continuous following of rice-wheat cropping system every year, weed infestation particularly in wheat, has emerged a major problem resulting in reduced wheat yield and nutrient mining. Integration of suitable planting methods, along with effective weed control measures, can reduce the weed infestation and nutrient mining from the soil and can enhance available plant nutrients in the soil. To evaluate the influence of different planting techniques and weed control practices in wheat on available plant nutrients in soil, a field study was conducted at the department of Agronomy, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana (India) for two consecutive years. The treatments comprised of five planting techniques: conventional tillage, zero till sowing without rice stubbles, zero till sowing in standing rice stubbles , zero till sowing after partial burning of rice stubbles and bed planting and five weed control treatments i.e. clodinafop 60 g/ha, clodinafop 60 g/ha fb 2, 4-D 0.5 kg/ha, sulfosulfuron 25 g/ha, mesosulfuron + iodosulfuron 12 g/ha and unweeded (control). The experiment was conducted in split plot design with planting methods in the main plot and herbicidal treatments in the sub plot with three replications. The results of the study showed that zero till sowing of wheat in standing rice stubbles observed significantly higher soil organic carbon, available nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium than conventional till wheat sowing after removal of rice residues. Although partial burning of rice stubbles also showed positive trend in soil organic carbon, available nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium but retort was less distinct than rice stubbles without burning. Further, zero tillage alone also showed improvement in soil organic carbon and available nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium over conventional tillage. Application of herbicides did not diverge soil organic carbon, but significantly improved the available nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content in soil than the unweeded (control).
Effect of foliar application of Fe and banana peel waste biochar on growth, chlorophyll content and accessory pigments synthesis in spinach under chromium (IV) toxicity
Authors: Danish Subhan , Tahir Fayyaz Ahmad , Rasheed Muhammad Khalid , Ahmad Niaz , Ali Muhammad Arif , Kiran Sidra , Younis Uzma , Irshad Inam , Butt Beenish 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Chromium (Cr) toxicity is becoming one of a major issue for the cultivation of crops. Toxicity of Cr directly affects synthesis of chlorophyll and restricts Fe intake, which decreases crop growth. It is well documented that the reduction of Cr toxicity through the application of biochar. However, current experiment was carried out to investigate any positive effect of, banana peel waste biochar (BC) and foliar application of Fe (FFe) on growth and chlorophyll content of Spinacia oleracea L. under different levels of Cr toxicity. Seeds of Spinacia oleracea L. were grown under three levels of Cr i.e. control (Cr0), Cr35 (35 mg Cr kg−1 soil) and Cr70 (70 mg Cr kg-1 soil). Analyzed data confirmed that Spinacia oleracea L. seeds grown in 1% BC amended soils and 1000mM FFe, showed significantly better growth, Fe uptake and chlorophyll content as compared to control at Cr35 and Cr70. A significant improvement in shoot length (16.9 and 26.9%), root length (16.3 and 20.9%), plant fresh (15.5 and 28.3%) and dry weight (70.3 and 77.8%) as compared to control under Cr35 and Cr70, respectively, validated the efficacious functioning of 1% BC and FFe to mitigate Cr toxicity in Spinacia oleracea L. It is concluded that both 1% banana peel waste BC and 1000mM FFe have potential but sole application of FFe is more effective to alleviate Cr toxicity in Spinacia oleracea L. Fortification of Fe by foliar application is more effective comparative to banana peel waste biochar for improvement in growth, chlorophyll content and accessory pigments synthesis in spinach under chromium (IV) toxicity.
Genotypic variability for salt stress tolerance among wild and cultivated wheat germplasms at an early development stage
Authors: Klay Imen , Riahi Leila , Amara Hajer Slim , Daaloul Abderrazak 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate the variability of salt tolerance potentials among nine wheat genotypes representing wild and cultivated species namely Triticum turgidum subsp. durum, Triticum aestivum and Aegilops geniculata. Ionomic and photosynthetic traits were used for the screening of the studied samples when faced with four salinity levels of NaCl (0, 50, 100 and 150 mM) under green house conditions at the seedling stage. The investigated genotypes exhibited different levels of salt stress tolerance. Ionomic and photosynthetic traits underline the distinctiveness of the common wheat varieties which highlighted particular performances under salt stress conditions and showed higher tolerance potentials among the studied genotypes. Interestingly, the Vaga variety showed more ability to maintain higher K+/Na+ ratios and Pq coefficients compared with the control conditions and stable Fv/F0 and Fv/Fm ratios. Stable behaviour was exhibited by wild Aegilops accessions while durum wheat varieties have been shown to be more sensitive to salt stress. Further investigations were required for the common wheat variety Vaga, which could be useful for successful breeding and biotechnological improvement strategies concerning wheat species.
High pressure impacts on meteorites
Authors: Petrova Evgeniya V. , Grokhovsky Victor I. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
In the invited article, we review observations on changes in meteorite texture relevant to the early stages of formation of the Solar System based on the experimental shock wave loading of the material at the laboratory. Investigation of the physical and structural properties of high-pressure impacts on meteorites is important for few reasons, such as: Protection of the Earth from the near-Earth objects (NEOs); Study of processes that cannot yet be achieved under laboratory conditions; Understanding of conditions for asteroid mining.
Bounds for partition dimension of M-wheels
Authors: Hussain Zafar , Kang Shin Min , Rafique Muqdas , Munir Mobeen , Ali Usman , Zahid Aqsa , Saleem Muhammad Shoaib 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Resolving partition and partition dimension have multipurpose applications in computer, networking, optimization, mastermind games and modelling of chemical substances. The problem of finding exact values of partition dimension is hard so one can find bound for the partition dimension of a general family of graph. In the present article, we give the sharp upper bounds and lower bounds for the partition dimension of m-wheel, Wn
,
m
for all n ≥ 4 and m ≥ 1. Presented data generalise some already available results.
Methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene rs1801133 C>T polymorphisms and response to 5-FU based chemotherapy in patients with colorectal cancer: a meta-analysis
Authors: Jiang Huafeng , Shen Yi 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Background: Methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) catalyzes the conversion of 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate to 5-methyltetrahydrofolate, a cosubstrate for homocysteine remethylation to methionine. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of MTHF rs1801133 C>T can influence susceptibility to colorectal cancer. However, an association between MTHFR rs1801133 C>T polymorphisms and response to 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) based chemotherapy in patients with colorectal cancer was not clear. Methods: Studies relevant to MTHFR rs1801133 C>T polymorphisms and response to 5-FU based chemotherapy in patients with colorectal cancer were systematic searched in the electronic databases of PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI). The genotypes of CC, CT, and TT were extracted from each included publication. The genotypes CC, CT, and TT distribution in 5-FU based chemotherapy response and resistance groups were calculated and pooled through random or fixed effect model by the effect size of odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI). The publication bias was evaluated through Begg’s funnel plot and Egger’s line regression test. Results: After searching the electronic databases, 16 studies related to MTHFR gene rs1801133 C>T polymorphisms and a response to 5-FU based chemotherapy in patients with colorectal cancer were included in the present meta-analysis. The pooled data showed no statistical difference in tumor response rate between CT+TT and CC groups in the dominant genetic model CT+CC vs CC (OR=1.21, 95% CI: 0.93~1.59, p>0.05) and recessive model TT vs CT+CC (OR=1.37, 95% CI: 0.91~2.06, p>0.05). The grade 3-4 adverse reaction rate between CT+TT and CC groups also had no statistical difference in the dominant genetic model CT+CC vs CC (OR=0.90, 95% CI: 0.76~1.07, p>0.05) and recessive model TT vs CT+CC (OR=1.12, 95% CI: 0.84~1.50, p>0.05). The Begg’s funnel plot and Egger’s line regression test demonstrated no publication bias. Conclusion: The response and adverse reaction of 5-FU based chemotherapy in colorectal patients were not different in terms of MTHFR rs1801133 C>T polymorphisms.
Neural networks for topology optimization
Authors: Sosnovik Ivan , Oseledets Ivan 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
In this research, we propose a deep learning based approach for speeding up the topology optimization methods. The problem we seek to solve is the layout problem. The main novelty of this work is to state the problem as an image segmentation task. We leverage the power of deep learning methods as the efficient pixel-wise image labeling technique to perform the topology optimization. We introduce convolutional encoder-decoder architecture and the overall approach of solving the above-described problem with high performance. The conducted experiments demonstrate the significant acceleration of the optimization process. The proposed approach has excellent generalization properties. We demonstrate the ability of the application of the proposed model to other problems. The successful results, as well as the drawbacks of the current method, are discussed.
Playing peripatos: Creativity and abductive inference in religion, art and war
Authors: Mandoki Katya 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Peirce proposed the concept of abductive inference to inquire into the generation of new hypotheses and defined it as another term for pragmatism, no less (Admitting, then, that the question of Pragmatism is the question of Abduction, let us consider it under that form. What is good abduction? What should an explanatory hypothesis be to be worthy to rank as a hypothesis? Of course, it must explain the facts. But what other conditions ought it to fulfill to be good? The question of the goodness of anything is whether that thing fulfills its end. What, then, is the end of an explanatory hypothesis? Its end is, through subjection to the test of experiment, to lead to the avoidance of all surprise and to the establishment of a habit of positive expectation that shall not be disappointed (Peirce. 1931–1966. The collected papers of Charles S. Peirce, 8 vols., C. Hartshorne, P. Weiss & A. W. Burks (eds.). Cambridge: Harvard University Press. 5.197)). Apart from being linked to the vague idea of the play of musement as an almost dreamlike process of epiphany or inspiration or as an inverted minor premise from a syllogism, we are far from understanding the dynamics and specificity of this kind of inference. Among authors dealing with this problem I could trace three factors at work in processes of abduction, i.e. combination, resemblance, and dialetics or questioning. In this paper I attempt to look a bit further into this enigma by a category of play I defined as “peripatos” or games of invention, riddles, and puzzles, hoping it could shed some light on the process of creativity in several social activities such as science, art, war, and religion. The approach will take on Huizinga’s idea of the play of culture, Lakoff and Johnson’s conception of cross-domain correlations, Kant’s view of “aesthetic ideas,” and my proposal of the play of peripatos through a “what if-as if” coupling into this very common yet little understood, and thus mystified, process of the generation of innovative ideas.
The role of uncertainty on agricultural futures markets momentum trading and volatility
Authors: Czudaj Robert L. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
This paper sheds light on the role of different sources of uncertainty on agricultural futures markets momentum trading and volatility. Momentum trading is proxied by two technical analysis indicators – the moving average convergence divergence and the relative strength index – while we also consider two different concepts of uncertainty – the CBOE volatility index of the S&P500 and daily news about the stance of economic policy in the US. To capture different effects on the transmission mechanism of uncertainty shocks, we implement a Bayesian VAR approach, which accounts for time-variation in the coefficients and the variance covariance structure of the model’s innovations. The results point in favor of a time-dependent uncertainty effect on expectations of daily momentum traders in agricultural futures markets. The corresponding trades in these periods push futures prices upwards and downwards and result in an increased volatility. Direct effects of both uncertainty sources on the volatility of agricultural futures markets confirm this view.
Interleukin-6 signaling pathway involved in major depressive disorder: selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor regulates IL-6 pathway
Authors: Askari Marziye , Jahangard Leila , Zamani Alireza , Haghighi Mohammad , Salehi Iraj , Zareighane Zohre , Solgi Ghasem , Shahbazi Reza , Alahgholi-Hajibehzad Mahdi 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Background
Evidence indicates that pro-inflammatory Th17 and Th1 cells are involved in major depressive disorder (MDD) pathogenesis. Development of Th17 and Th1 are regulated by IL-6 and IFN-γ, respectively. In this study, the levels of IL-6 and IFN-γ, and mRNA expression of related signaling components and, Th17/Th1 transcription factors were investigated in MDD patients with/without selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) medication.

Materials and methods
Forty-six patients and 38 healthy controls (HCs) were recruited. Twenty patients were received the SSRI (sertraline 50–200 mg/day) for at least 1 year, and 26 patients were not received medication. Expression of IL-6R, IFN-γR, JAK1, JAK2, TYK2, STAT1, STAT3, T-bet and RORγt were assessed with Real-Time-PCR. Serum and supernatant levels of IL-6 and IFN-γ were determined using ELISA.

Results and discussion
The serum and supernatant levels of IL-6 were increased in patients without (SSRI−) compared with HCs, while its levels was reduced in SSRI+. Elevated expressions of IL-6R, STAT3 and RORγt were observed in SSRI− compared with HCs. Expressions of IL-6R, STAT3, RORγt and IFN-γR, were decreased in SSRI+ compared to SSRI− patients.

Conclusion
Increased IL-6 involved in MDD, and SSRI regulates IL-6 pathway and IL-6 production. MDD patients may benefit from IL-6/IL-6R targeted therapeutic intervention.
Postpositions in Munduruku (Tupi): Formal and Functional Features
Authors: Gomes Dioney M. 
Published: July 2019

The Munduruku people live in the states of Pará and Amazonas, including a handful of residents in Mato Grosso, in Brazil. My research about the language takes place within the Munduruku population of Pará. It is a language of the Tupi stock, that belongs to the Munduruku family. It is of head-marking type. The most common constituent order is s(o)v. The arguments do not receive morphologic marks, usually occurring in noun phrases. The verb receives person marks, which indicate/co-refer subject and direct object. Our objective here is to present the inventory of the postpositions, in order to discuss the properties they share; what their structural and functional features are; and their participation in the passive voice, causative, subordination, modality, source of information, and locative and possessive predication. We also approach the isomorphism among postpositions, nouns and verbs; the syntactic relation that establishes the postpositional phrase with the rest of the sentence: whether argument or adjunct. Finally we will also reflect upon its typology.
Első lépés egy egységes szemlélet felé: az Alkohol Megvonási Skála bevezetése a hazai betegellátási gyakorlatba
Authors: Lázár Bence András , Pribék Ildikó Katalin , Kovács Csenge , Demeter Ildikó , Kálmán János , Szemelyácz János , Kelemen Gábor , Janka Zoltán , Demetrovics Zsolt , Andó Bálint 
Published: July 2019

Abstract: Introduction and aim: The available literature and protocols have unequivocally suggested that the Clinical Institute Withdrawal Assessment of Alcohol, Revised is a psychometric scale for identifying and following the signs of alcohol withdrawal. However, there has not been any validated tool for the identification of withdrawal symptoms in Hungarian general hospital settings. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the validity and the reliability of the Hungarian version of this scale among patients hospitalized with alcohol withdrawal syndrome. Method: The translation of the scale into Hungarian was done by ‘back translation’ method, followed by testing the face validity. The empirical phase was performed in the Department of Psychiatry, University of Szeged. Patients admitted with alcohol withdrawal syndrome (n = 30) were recruited from the inpatient units of the clinic. Clinical Institute Withdrawal Assessment of Alcohol, Revised and Clinical Global Impression – Severity Scale were recorded every two days. Statistical comparisons of data were performed with repeated-measures ANOVA. Cronbach’s alpha, item-total correlation, convergent and discriminant validity were determined. Results: Significant decrease of the total scores of Clinical Institute Withdrawal Assessment of Alcohol, Revised and Clinical Global Impression – Severity Scale was observed between the six measurements (F = 202.46, p<0.001; F = 503.04, p<0.001). Cronbach alpha values were above 0.7 during the first 3 measurement days. The withdrawal and severity scores recorded the same day showed positively significant correlations (>0.45). Conclusion: Our findings demonstrate that the Clinical Institute Withdrawal Assessment of Alcohol, Revised is a reliable and valid psychometric tool for the detailed analysis of withdrawal symptoms in Hungarian general hospital settings. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(30): 1184–1192.
PARTISIPASI POLITIK KAUM PEREMPUAN BERDASARKAN PANDANGAN FATIMA MERNISSI DAN YUSUF QARDHAWI
Authors: Jourdy Gayatri Belina 
Published: July 2019

Abstrak: Discussions about the women involvement of in political are always becomes hot topic to discuss as long as women are still underestimated by some people. One of the most dominant works related to women as head of state is what Fatima Mernissi did in her book “The Forgotten Queens of Islam”, explains how women may becomes heads of state. In contrary, Yusuf Qardhawi argued that women may serve as head of state if only as judicial or legislative leaders, not as an executive leader. Through descriptive-analytic-comparative method, this research tried to describe and explain Fatima Mernissi and Yusuf Al-Qardhawi's views on Women's Political Participation as Head of State, and how their argument can be applied in current life.Abstrak: Perbincangan mengenai keterlibatan perempuan dalam politik akan selalu menjadi perbincangan yang hangat selama masih ada sebagian orang yang memandang sebelah partisipasi perempuan sebagai kepala negara. Salah satu karya fenomenal yang mem­bahas tentang partisipasi perempuan sebagai kepala negara adalah buku “Ratu-ratu Islam yang Terlupakan” karya Fatima Mernissi yang menyatakan bahwa perempuan boleh menjabat sebagai kepala negara secara mutlak. Hal yang berbeda diungkapkan oleh Yusuf Qardhawi yang menyatakan bahwa perempuan tidak memiliki partisipasi mutlak sebagai kepala negara, perempuan diperbolehkan menjabat sebagai kepala negara dengan syarat-syarat tertentu. Melalui metode deskriptif-analitik-komparatif, penulis mendeskripsikan, menjelaskan, serta membandingkan pandangan kedua tokoh tersebut dan menganalisa bagaimana relevansi pendapat keduanya dalam kehidupan di masa kini.
18F-FES PET/CT Influences the Staging and Management of Patients with Newly Diagnosed Estrogen Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer: A Retrospective Comparative Study with 18F-FDG PET/CT
Authors: Liu Cheng , Gong Chengcheng , Liu Shuai , Zhang Yingjian , Zhang Yongping , Xu Xiaoping , Yuan Huiyu , Wang Biyun , Yang Zhongyi 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Purpose
We compared the clinical value of 16a-18F-fluoro-17b-estradiol (18F-FES) positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) and 18F-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (18F-FDG) PET/CT and investigated whether and how 18F-FES PET/CT affects the implemented management of newly diagnosed estrogen receptor positive breast cancer patients.

Materials and Methods
We retrospectively analyzed 19 female patients newly diagnosed with immunohistochemistry-confirmed estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer who underwent 18F-FES and 18F-FDG PET/CT within 1 week in our center. The sensitivity of 18F-FES and 18F-FDG in diagnosed lesions were compared. To investigate the definite clinical impact of 18F-FES on managing patients with newly diagnosed ER positive breast cancer, we designed two kinds of questionnaires. Referring physicians completed the first questionnaire based on the 18F-FDG report to propose the treatment regime, and the second was completed immediately after reviewing the imaging report of 18F-FES to indicate intended management changes.

Results
In total, 238 lesions were analyzed in 19 patients with newly diagnosed ER-positive breast cancer. Lesion detection was achieved in 216 sites with 18F-FES PET and in 197 sites with 18F-FDG PET/CT. These results corresponded to sensitivities of 90.8% for 18F-FES versus 82.8% for 18F-FDG PET/CT in diagnosed lesions. Thirty-five physicians were given the questionnaires referring to the treatment strategy, with 27 of them completing both questionnaires. The application of 18F-FES in addition to 18F-FDG PET/CT changed the management in 26.3% of the 19 patients with newly diagnosed ER-positive breast cancer.

Conclusion
Performing 18F-FES PET/CT in newly diagnosed ER-positive breast cancer patients increases the value of diagnosis equivocal lesions and treatment management compared with 18F-FDG PET/CT.

Implications for Practice
This study investigated whether 16a-18F-fluoro-17b-estradiol (18F-FES) positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) affects the clinical management of patients with newly diagnosed estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer. Physicians completing two questionnaires comparing the clinical impact of 18F-FES and 18F-FDG on individual management plans in patients with newly diagnosed ER-positive breast cancer confirmed that 18F-FES scans led to change in management in 26.3% of the 19 patients with newly diagnosed ER positive breast cancer. This retrospective study indicates the potential impact of 18F-FES PET/CT on intended management of patients with newly diagnosed estrogen receptor positive breast cancer in comparison to 18F-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose PET/CT.