bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Networking of occupational health care units promotes reduction of permanent disability pensions among workers they care: A register-based study controlled by benchmarking with a 5-year follow-up
Authors: Kuronen Jarmo , Winell Klas , Riekki Sami , Hartsenko Jelena , Räsänen Kimmo 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Objectives
Early retirement due to disability is a problem in Finland. That causes pension costs that are heavy for the society. This study was designed to find out whether a quality network can support the reduction in incident disability pensions and promote a shift from full to partial disability pensions.

Methods
The study population (N = 41 472 in 2016) consisted of municipal employees whose occupational health care (OHC) was provided by the members of the Finnish Occupational Health Quality Network (OQN). The comparison population consisted of all municipality employees whose OHC was provided by non-members of the OQN (N = 340 479 in 2016). The outcomes were measured by comparing the trends in incident disability pensions of full and partial permanent pension and full and partial provisional pension, partial/full pension indexes from 2011 to 2016 according to the principles of Benchmarking Controlled Trials. Linear regression models were used to explore the dynamics of different pension forms. Regression coefficients were calculated to show the average change per year.

Results
The incidence of permanent disability pensions decreased faster in the study population (P for trend .03) and the study group showed a stronger shift from full to partial permanent pensions (P for trend &lt;.001).

Conclusion
Quality networking between OHC units including common goal setting, systematic quality improvement, and repeated quality measurements decreased new permanent disability pensions and increased partial permanent pensions. Such changes are important while thriving for increased work participation.
Neurologic complications after allogeneic transplantation: a meta‐analysis
Authors: Gavriilaki Maria , Mainou Maria , Gavriilaki Eleni , Haidich Anna‐Bettina , Papagiannopoulos Sotirios , Sakellari Ioanna , Anagnostopoulos Achilles , Kimiskidis Vasilis 
Published: September 2019

AbstractObjectiveNeurologic adverse events remain challenging complications with poor morbidity and mortality post adult allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo‐HCT) for hematologic diseases. We conducted a systematic review and meta‐analysis to determine their spectrum, incidence, and impact on survival.MethodsWe searched MEDLINE, COCHRANE, EMBASE through March 2019 for all types of primary studies. Two independent reviewers screened, extracted data, and assessed risk of bias (RoB).ResultsWe identified 552 eligible studies describing 57.972 patients; one randomized controlled trial, two case–control, 17 prospective, 86 retrospective cohort studies, 21 case series, and 425 case reports. RoB ranged from fair to high although case series were low‐risk. The majority of studies traced infectious or drug‐related neurologic manifestations. Infectious complications were present in 2.7% (95% CI 1.9–3.6) and 3.3% (95% CI 0.8–7.1) of patients in retrospective and prospective cohort studies, respectively. In retrospective studies, 3.4% (95% CI 2.1–4.9) of patients suffered from drug‐related neurologic events. In prospective cohorts the equivalent incidence was 13% (95% CI 4.2–24.8). Neurologic complications had a detrimental impact on survival.InterpretationOur study highlights the wide spectrum and significant impact of neurologic complications on survival post allo‐HCT. This systematic review summarizes existing data and provides the necessary background information for every physician involved in the management of these patients.
Total Serum Testosterone and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index Pain and Function Among Older Men and Women With Severe Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: Freystaetter Gregor , Fischer Karina , Orav Endel J. , Egli Andreas , Theiler Robert , Münzer Thomas , Felson David T. , Bischoff‐Ferrari Heike A. 
Published: September 2019

ObjectiveTo investigate whether serum total testosterone level is associated with knee pain and function in men and women with severe knee osteoarthritis (OA).MethodsWe enrolled 272 adults age ≥60 years (mean ± SD age 70.4 ± 4.4 years, 53% women) who underwent unilateral total knee replacement (TKR) due to severe knee OA. Serum testosterone levels and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) pain and function of the operated and contralateral knee were measured at 6–8 weeks after surgery. At the nonoperated knee, 56% of participants had radiographic knee OA with a Kellgren/Lawrence grade ≥2. Cross‐sectional analyses were performed by sex and body mass index (BMI) subgroups, using multivariable regression adjusted for age, physical activity, and BMI.ResultsAt the operated knee, higher testosterone levels were associated with less WOMAC pain in men (B = –0.62, P = 0.046) and women (B = –3.79, P = 0.02), and less WOMAC disability scores in women (B = –3.62, P = 0.02) and obese men (B = –1.99, P = 0.02). At the nonoperated knee, testosterone levels were not associated with WOMAC pain in men or women, but higher testosterone levels were associated with less disability in women (B = –0.95, P = 0.02). Testosterone levels were inconsistently associated with pain and disability in BMI subgroups among men. Only among obese women, testosterone levels were inversely associated with radiographic knee OA (odds ratio = 0.10, P = 0.003).ConclusionHigher total testosterone levels were associated with less pain in the operated knee in men and women undergoing TKR and less disability in women. At the nonoperated knee, higher testosterone levels were inconsistently associated with less pain and disability.
Associations Between Classification Criteria Items in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Touma Zahi , Cervera Ricard , Brinks Ralph , Lorenzoni Valentina , Tani Chiara , Hoyer Bimba F. , Costenbader Karen H. , Sebastiani Gian Domenico , Navarra Sandra V. , Bonfa Eloisa , Ramsey‐Goldman Rosalind , Tedeschi Sara K. , Dörner Thomas , Johnson Sindhu R. , Aringer Martin , Mosca Marta ,   the American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism Group
Published: September 2019

ObjectiveA project aimed at developing new classification criteria for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is based on weighted criteria that include both laboratory and clinical items. Combinations of certain symptoms may occur commonly in SLE, which provides an argument against independently counting these items. The current study was undertaken to evaluate the interrelationship between candidate criteria items in the International Early SLE cohort and in the Euro‐Lupus cohort.MethodsThe International Early SLE cohort included 389 patients, who were diagnosed within 3 years prior to the study. Data on the ACR’s 1997 update of the SLE revised criteria, the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics 2012 criteria, and on 30 additional items were collected. To evaluate the interrelationship of the criteria, a tetrachoric correlation was used to assess the degree of association between different manifestations in the same organ system. The correlations identified in the International Early SLE cohort were validated in the Euro‐Lupus cohort.ResultsA few relevant correlations were observed among specific clinical cutaneous manifestations (in particular, malar rash correlated with photosensitivity, alopecia, and oral ulcers) and serologic manifestations (anti‐Sm and anti–double‐stranded DNA and anti–RNA polymerase, anti‐Ro and anti‐La, and antiphospholipid antibodies), and these results were validated in the Euro‐Lupus cohort. The associations within the mucocutaneous domain, hematologic and the specific autoantibodies suggest that within a single domain only the highest ranking item should be counted to avoid overrepresentation.ConclusionSome of the candidate SLE criteria cluster within domains. Given these interrelationships, multiple criteria within a domain should not be independently counted. These results are important to consider for the structure of new SLE classification criteria.
Intelligently Actuating Liquid Crystal Elastomer‐Carbon Nanotube Composites
Authors: Kim Hyun , Lee Jae Ah , Ambulo Cedric P. , Lee Ha Beom , Kim Shi Hyeong , Naik Vinay V. , Haines Carter S. , Aliev Ali E. , Ovalle‐Robles Raquel , Baughman Ray H. , Ware Taylor H. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractStrategies for obtaining materials that respond to external stimuli by changing shape are of intense interest for the replacement of traditional actuators. Here, a strategy that enables programmable, multiresponsive actuators that use either visible light or electric current to drive shape change in composites comprising carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in liquid crystal elastomers (LCEs) is presented. In the nanocomposites, the CNTs function not only in the traditional roles of mechanical reinforcement and enhancers of thermal and electrical conductivity but also serve as an alignment layer for the LCEs. By controlling the orientation, location, and quantity of layers of CNTs in LCE/CNT composites, programmed, patterned actuators are built that respond to visible light or electrical current. Photothermal LCE/CNT film actuators undergo fast shape change, within 1.2 s using 280 mW cm−2 light input, and complex, programmed localized deformations. Furthermore, twisting LCE/CNT composite films into a fiber increases uniaxial muscle stroke and work capacity for electrothermal actuation, thereby enabling about 12% actuation strain and 100 kJ m−3 of work capacity in response to an applied DC voltage of 15.1 V cm−1.
Harnessing Photoluminescent Properties of Carbon Nitride Nanosheets in a Hierarchical Matrix
Authors: Han Dan , Ni Dongya , Zhou Qing , Ji Jingjing , Lv Yanqin , Shen Yanfei , Liu Songqin , Zhang Yuanjian 
Published: September 2019

AbstractRapid screening of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), a large class of toxic and carcinogenic compounds, is highly desirable for environmental and food safety. In principle, a photoluminescent (PL) assay is a potential route, but demands highly efficient and stable, low cost, and environment‐friendly photoactive materials. 2D carbon nitride nanosheets (CNNS) that have triggered increasing interest may meet all these requirements. However, conventional applications of CNNS are restricted in aqueous solution, in which the long‐term dispersibility is difficult to be addressed. Here, the harnessing of unique PL properties of CNNS is reported by dispersing them in a hierarchical polymeric matrix, driven by electrostatic interactions. Such a configuration not only enables a solid‐state host to perpetually maintain homogeneous dispersibility of CNNS but also processes free channels for sufficient mass transfer. Moreover, the nanohybrid inherits the unique PL properties of CNNS. Further using β‐CD as the molecular recognition unit, an economic, highly selective and sensitive paper‐based PL sensor for PAHs is constructed via an inner‐filter effect. This work opens a new avenue in harnessing unique PL properties of CNNS in solid state with superior stability for a variety of potential sensing applications, especially for point‐of‐care testing and/or in developing countries.
Flexible Neuromorphic Electronics for Computing, Soft Robotics, and Neuroprosthetics
Authors: Park Hea‐Lim , Lee Yeongjun , Kim Naryung , Seo Dae‐Gyo , Go Gyeong‐Tak , Lee Tae‐Woo 
Published: September 2019

AbstractFlexible neuromorphic electronics that emulate biological neuronal systems constitute a promising candidate for next‐generation wearable computing, soft robotics, and neuroprosthetics. For realization, with the achievement of simple synaptic behaviors in a single device, the construction of artificial synapses with various functions of sensing and responding and integrated systems to mimic complicated computing, sensing, and responding in biological systems is a prerequisite. Artificial synapses that have learning ability can perceive and react to events in the real world; these abilities expand the neuromorphic applications toward health monitoring and cybernetic devices in the future Internet of Things. To demonstrate the flexible neuromorphic systems successfully, it is essential to develop artificial synapses and nerves replicating the functionalities of the biological counterparts and satisfying the requirements for constructing the elements and the integrated systems such as flexibility, low power consumption, high‐density integration, and biocompatibility. Here, the progress of flexible neuromorphic electronics is addressed, from basic backgrounds including synaptic characteristics, device structures, and mechanisms of artificial synapses and nerves, to applications for computing, soft robotics, and neuroprosthetics. Finally, future research directions toward wearable artificial neuromorphic systems are suggested for this emerging area.
Nanoengineering Carbon Spheres as Nanoreactors for Sustainable Energy Applications
Authors: Tian Hao , Liang Ji , Liu Jian 
Published: September 2019

AbstractColloidal carbon sphere nanoreactors have been explored extensively as a class of versatile materials for various applications in energy storage, electrochemical conversion, and catalysis, due to their unique properties such as excellent electrical conductivity, high specific surface area, controlled porosity and permeability, and surface functionality. Here, the latest updated research on colloidal carbon sphere nanoreactor, in terms of both their synthesis and applications, is summarized. Various synthetic strategies are first discussed, including the hard template method, the soft template method, hydrothermal carbonization, the microemulsion polymerization method, and extension of the Stöber method. Then, the functionalization of colloidal carbon sphere nanoreactors, including the nanoengineering of compositions and the surface features, is discussed. Afterward, recent progress in the major applications of colloidal carbon sphere nanoreactors, in the areas of energy storage, electrochemical conversion, and catalysis, is presented. Finally, the perspectives and challenges for future developments are discussed in terms of controlled synthesis and functionalization of the colloidal carbon sphere nanoreactors with tunable structure, and the composition and properties that are desirable for practical applications.
Compressible All‐In‐One Supercapacitor with Adjustable Output Voltage Based on Polypyrrole‐Coated Melamine Foam
Authors: Liu Qifan , Zang Limin , Qiao Xuan , Qiu Jianhui , Wang Xue , Hu Lei , Yang Jun , Yang Chao 
Published: September 2019

AbstractCompared with laminated structure supercapacitors, all‐in‐one supercapacitors can reduce the contact resistance of the interface and avoid displacement/delamination of the multilayer structure under deformation, which suggests a highly promising energy‐storage device. However, simplifying the assembly process to achieve high voltage output, balance mechanical stability and electrochemical performance is still a serious challenge. Here, an all‐in‐one flexible supercapacitor (AFSC) is designed based on melamine foam and polypyrrole by one‐step polymerization method. It exhibits a high volumetric specific capacitance of 2.86 F cm−3, volumetric energy density of 0.18 mWh cm−3, and volumetric power density of 22.97 mW cm−3. Moreover, it exhibits outstanding mechanical stability which can work stably under different compressive strains. More surprisingly, the output voltage of the AFSC can be adjusted handily by a simple cutting method without connecting several supercapacitors in series. The excellent performance of the device indicates that it has great potential for use in highly integrated portable and wearable electronic devices.
Striatal responsiveness to reward under threat‐of‐shock and working memory load: A preliminary study
Authors: Gaillard Claudie , Guillod Matthias , Ernst Monique , Torrisi Salvatore , Federspiel Andrea , Schoebi Dominik , Recabarren Romina E. , Ouyang Xinyi , Mueller‐Pfeiffer Christoph , Horsch Antje , Homan Philipp , Wiest Roland , Hasler Gregor , Martin‐Soelch Chantal 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIntroductionReward and stress are important determinants of motivated behaviors. Striatal regions play a crucial role in both motivation and hedonic processes. So far, little is known on how cognitive effort interacts with stress to modulate reward processes. This study examines how cognitive effort (load) interacts with an unpredictable acute stressor (threat‐of‐shock) to modulate motivational and hedonic processes in healthy adults.Materials and MethodsA reward task, involving stress with unpredictable mild electric shocks, was conducted in 23 healthy adults aged 20–37 (mean age: 24.7 ± 0.9; 14 females) during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Manipulation included the use of (a) monetary reward for reinforcement, (b) threat‐of‐shock as the stressor, and (c) a spatial working memory task with two levels of difficulty (low and high load) for cognitive load. Reward‐related activation was investigated in a priori three regions of interest, the nucleus accumbens (NAcc), caudate nucleus, and putamen.ResultsDuring anticipation, threat‐of‐shock or cognitive load did not affect striatal responsiveness to reward. Anticipated reward increased activation in the ventral and dorsal striatum. During feedback delivery, both threat‐of‐shock and cognitive effort modulated striatal activation. Higher working memory load blunted NAcc responsiveness to reward delivery, while stress strengthened caudate nucleus reactivity regardless reinforcement or load.ConclusionsThese findings provide initial evidence that both stress and cognitive load modulate striatal responsiveness during feedback delivery but not during anticipation in healthy adults. Of clinical importance, sustained stress exposure might go along with dysregulated arousal, increasing therefore the risk for the development of maladaptive incentive‐triggered motivation. This study brings new insight that might help to build a framework to understand common stress‐related disorders, given that these psychiatric disorders involve disturbances of the reward system, cognitive deficits, and abnormal stress reactivity.
Ovarian cancer: Current status and strategies for improving therapeutic outcomes
Authors: Chandra Ashwin , Pius Cima , Nabeel Madiha , Nair Maya , Vishwanatha Jamboor K. , Ahmad Sarfraz , Basha Riyaz 
Published: September 2019

AbstractOf all the gynecologic tumors, ovarian cancer (OC) is known to be the deadliest. Advanced‐stages of OC are linked with high morbidity and low survival rates despite the immense amount of research in the field. Shortage of promising screening tools for early‐stage detection is one of the major challenges linked with the poor survival rate for patients with OC. In OC, therapeutic management is used with multidisciplinary approaches that includes debulking surgery, chemotherapy, and (rarely) radiotherapy. Recently, there is an increasing interest in using immunomodulation for treating OC. Relapse rates are high in this malignancy and averages around every 2‐years. Further treatments after the relapse are more intense, increasing the toxicity, resistance to chemotherapy drugs, and financial burden to patients with poor quality‐of‐life. A procedure that has been studied to help reduce the morbidity rate involves pre‐sensitizing cancer cells with standard therapy in order to produce optimal results with minimum dosage. Utilizing such an approach, platinum‐based agents are effective due to their increased response to platinum‐based chemotherapy in relapsed cases. These chemo‐drugs also help address the issue of drug resistance. After conducting an extensive search with available literature and the resources for clinical trials, information is precisely documented on current research, biomarkers, options for treatment and clinical trials. Several schemes for enhancing the therapeutic responses for OC are discussed systematically in this review with an attempt in summarizing the recent developments in this exciting field of translational/clinical research.
SOX2 antagonizes WWC1 to drive YAP1 activation in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Chai Yuhang , Li Qihang , Zhao Hongying , Zhang Zhiyu , Yu Xiaodan , Pang Lijuan , Liu Zheng , Zhao Jin , Wang Lianghai , Li Feng 
Published: September 2019

AbstractWhether SOX2 and ACTL6A/TP63 interact with the Hippo‐YAP1 pathway in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remains unclear. Here, we reveal that SOX2, ACTL6A, and TP63 are co‐amplified and upregulated in ESCC samples. Multiple SOX2 binding peaks in the locus of WWC1, a Hippo‐YAP1 regulator, and an inverse correlation between the expression of SOX2 and WWC1 are identified, suggesting direct repression of WWC1 by SOX2. Expression scores of SOX2 are higher in tumors than normal tissues and positively correlated with nuclear YAP1 staining in primary ESCC. Moreover, SOX2 gain‐of‐function significantly promotes nuclear YAP1 expression in ESCC cells while silencing of SOX2 expression inhibits YAP1 activation. SOX2 overexpression leads to a significant enhancement of cell migration and invasion as well as chemoresistance to cisplatin, whereas knockdown of SOX2 or ectopic expression of WWC1 suppresses the SOX2‐induced migration ability and invasive potential. Disruption of this SOX2‐WWC1‐YAP1 axis could be a therapeutic strategy for SOX2‐dependent tumors.
Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production Based on a Serial Metal‐Salen Complexes and the Reaction Mechanism
Authors: Li Cheng‐Bo , Chu Yilong , He Jinjiao , Xie Jijia , Liu Jiawei , Wang Ning , Tang Junwang 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThree metal‐salen (Ni, Cu, Zn) complexes were firstly introduced into homogeneous photocatalytic hydrogen‐evolution systems. Based on these complexes, we developed noble‐metal‐free hydrogen production systems using disodium salts of Eosin Y (EY2−) as photosensitizers and trimethylamine (TEA) as sacrificial donors. In a Ni(II)‐salen/EY2−/TEA system, a TON of 362 based on Ni(II)‐salen was achieved in 5.5 h with one time complement for EY2−. The stability study revealed the quick photodecomposition of EY2− in the presence of ether Ni(II)‐salen, TEA or both chemicals, and quick dehalogenation of EY2− was observed in the presence of TEA under irradiation. Besides, relatively slower photodecomposition of Ni(II)‐salen was also found. These factors should be responsible for the deactivation of the photolysis system. Investigation of electrocatalytic proton reduction by Ni(II)‐salen showed a CECE mechanism. An overall catalytic rate constant of 7.62×106 M−2 s−1 was achieved. Combined with the stability analysis, photo‐induced electron transfer and electrochemistry investigation, for the first time, the photocatalytic hydrogen production mechanism for metal‐salen complexes (e. g. Ni(II)‐salen) was proposed.
Demonstrating low‐temperature sintering of boron carbide powders
Authors: Dai Jingyao , Lee Wonho , Gomez Enrique D. , Yamamoto Namiko 
Published: September 2019

AbstractCapability to sinter ceramics, especially carbides, at low temperature, is desired but is a challenge. Recently, cold sintering has been successfully demonstrated with oxides and other ceramics, but not with carbides due to high thermodynamic and chemical stability. In this work, low‐temperature sintering of boron carbide (B4C) was attempted at 1000‐1400°C; the proposed sintering is to form B4C nanoparticles with in situ carbothermal reduction from organic liquid‐phase precursors (boric acid and glycerin), and then to sinter the formed B4C nanoparticles, between B4C micropowders, which are expected to increase packing density and enhance diffusion and densification. Formation of B4C nanoparticles by in situ carbothermal reduction was confirmed, but only limited densification was observed due to material loss from chemical reactions and lack of pressurization. The achieved relative densities are low (57.7%‐62.8%) but comparable with those achieved with pressureless sintering at >2000℃.