bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Des « Blancs honoraires » ?
Authors: Delon Margot 
Published: July 2019

Peu étudiés, les immigrés et descendants d’immigrés portugais occupent une position originale dans les dynamiques de stratification en France. Disposant de capitaux économiques, ils accèdent plus rarement aux positions les plus dominantes sur les marchés des titres scolaires et de l’emploi. À partir d’une enquête par entretiens, observations, archives et statistiques, l’article décrit les trajectoires socio-résidentielles de ce groupe afin de saisir les processus de racialisation ainsi que les hiérarchies auxquelles ils contribuent, relativement à d’autres groupes issus de l’immigration. À ces fins, la catégorie de « Blanc honoraire », créée dans le contexte étasunien, est employée pour rendre compte de l’importance des groupes intermédiaires dans les hiérarchies ethno-raciales. Cette catégorie permet de saisir tant le privilège dont bénéficient les personnes d’origine portugaise relativement aux minorités coloniales et postcoloniales que le caractère ambigu et précaire de ce privilège. Pour être effectif, ce dernier suppose en effet l’adhésion et la reproduction des attentes du groupe dominant, notamment en ce qui concerne le fait de se distinguer de groupes stigmatisés. L’étude de la façon dont ce privilège a été en partie construit par les politiques de l’immigration et de l’habitat précaire dans l’après-guerre montre également combien la racialisation est loin d’avoir été linéaire et uniforme. Ce processus a créé des conditions de socialisation congruentes avec certaines aspirations migratoires des familles dans les bidonvilles, ce qui a durablement structuré les trajectoires et les manières de se positionner des personnes qui y ont grandi.
Extractivisme prédateur et conflits de distribution écologique
Authors: Bisht Arpita , De Roo Priscilla 
Published: July 2019

Cet article s’attaque au manque d’informations sur les nombreux conflits de distribution écologique (EDC) provoqués par l’extractivisme minier en Inde au cours de ces dernières années. Le minerai de fer est le métal le plus extrait en Inde et, par conséquent, les conflits liés à cette activité sont importants. Nous analysons ici neuf conflits majeurs surgis dans différents états de l’Inde. Dans l’analyse de ces cas, nous mettons l’accent que les conséquences de l’extractivisme prédateur dans le secteur de l’exploitation des minerais, ainsi que leurs impacts environnementaux, sociaux et culturels sur les régions minières « périphériques » de l’Inde.
Étudier les parcours individuels et conjugaux en France. Enjeux scientifiques et choix méthodologiques de l'enquête Épic
Authors: Rault Wilfried , Régnier-Loilier Arnaud 
Published: July 2019

Pourquoi et comment réaliser une nouvelle enquête sur la formation des couples en France au début du XXI e siècle ? Cet article présente les principaux fondements de l’Étude des parcours individuels et conjugaux (Épic, Ined-Insee, 2013-2014), troisième enquête française sur la formation des couples après Le choix du conjoint (1959) et La formation des couples (1983-1984). Plusieurs objectifs ont guidé sa réalisation : saisir la diversité des formes de la conjugalité à partir d’une définition renouvelée du couple, rendre compte des trajectoires individuelles et conjugales grâce à un questionnement rétrospectif, étudier le fait de ne pas être en couple ou encore mettre au jour le caractère processuel de la séparation. Cette enquête aborde également des phénomènes intervenus depuis trois décennies : la création du pacs, la reconnaissance des unions de même sexe, l’essor des rencontres en ligne, etc. L’article revient ensuite sur la « fabrique » de l’enquête, des choix méthodologiques (champ, dimensionnement de l’échantillon, mode de passation) à la mise en œuvre pratique de la collecte sur le terrain (nombre d’enquêteurs, taux de participation, représentativité).
La vérité est-elle un concept psychanalytique ? Le débat entre Lacan et Green
Authors: Maruani Guy 
Published: July 2019

Marqué par Heidegger, Lacan a voulu faire de la vérité en tant que « non-voilement », aletheïa , une instance de la psychanalyse. Quittant sa place d’élève de Lacan, Green a refusé que la vérité soit celle du signifiant, la découvrant dans l’affect, donc le transfert, encore et toujours à résoudre.
Tanguy et le cadre de la case
Authors: Marotta Juliette , Bonnet Christian , Gimenez Guy 
Published: July 2019

À partir de la bande dessinée produite par un patient nommé Tanguy, cet article s’attache à comprendre ce qui fait la spécificité du système signifiant de la bande dessinée afin de saisir quelles sont les qualités cliniques de ce média dans le champ de la création, et de quelle manière celui-ci peut mettre en lumière certains processus psychiques chez le patient créateur. Deux pistes de réflexions sont explorées : la première est l’espace encadrant de la case qui soutient, appelle et supporte l’activité représentative, et la deuxième concerne les mouvements transférentiels qui émergent au contact de cet espace.
Les visages de la démocratie dans les sociétés coopératives d’intérêt collectif (SCIC) au prisme du concept d’indétermination démocratique
Authors: Bonnemaizon Audrey , El Karmouni Hajar , Maignan Marion 
Published: July 2019

La démocratie peut se concevoir comme un régime politique recouvrant un ensemble de règles, de procédures, d’institutions garantissant le « gouvernement du peuple, par le peuple et pour le peuple » selon la formule attribuée à Abraham Lincoln, mais aussi un régime politique qui se joue au-delà de la participation électorale, dans des formes variées d’activités civiques de délibération, de prise de parole et de décision (Rosanvallon, 2015). Comment faire vivre cet esprit de la démocratie dans les modèles d’organisation coopératifs ? Cet article vise à faire un état des lieux de la pluralité des formes de la démocratie dans les sociétés coopératives d’intérêt collectif (SCIC) et à identifier les dynamiques qui sous-tend leur mise en œuvre en appui sur une étude menée auprès des acteurs qui animent les SCIC. Nous montrons que la compréhension de la fabrique de la démocratie passe par le repérage des « indéterminations » (Rosanvallon, 2012) qui débouche sur autant de questionnements nourrissant les débats internes. Ceux-ci, une fois tranchés, permettent de stabiliser les modalités de la démocratie jusqu’à ce que les organisations rencontrent de nouvelles problématiques externes ou internes qui les obligent à inventer de nouvelles règles, de nouveaux dispositifs ou de nouvelles pratiques.
Homothallism, morphology and phylogenetic position of a new species of Sellaphora (Bacillariophyta), S. pausariae
Authors: Mann David G. , Poulíčková Aloisie 
Published: July 2019

Background and aims – The eutrophic Blackford Pond in Edinburgh has already provided the holotypes of six other Sellaphora species. A further undescribed species is present and requires description and characterization.
Methods – Clones of the new species are characterized by light (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and molecular phylogenetics (from a concatenated five-gene alignment of 18S rDNA, 28S rDNA, 23S rDNA, cox1 and rbcL, and a two-gene alignment of cox1 and rbcL).
Key results – Sellaphora pausariae sp. nov. is named in honour of Dr Eileen Cox (‘pausaria’ = a lady coxswain). In molecular phylogenies, small-celled Sellaphora species (‘minima’ and ‘seminulum’ morphologies) branch off at the base of Sellaphora, though nodes are not well supported. Species and demes previously classified in either “Navicula pupula” or “Navicula bacillum” group into three very well supported clades (numbered 1–3). Although appearing in LM and SEM like a smaller, more delicate version of S. obesa, S. pausariae (clade 1) is not closely related to S. obesa (clade 2). Features of Sellaphora pausariae not confirmed previously in any Sellaphora but possibly widespread are: (a) hymenes with pores arranged in a regular scatter; (b) a stepped mantle near the poles; and (c) a ‘primodominant’ girdle comprising a wide band 1, a segmental band 2, and two extremely thin bands at the abvalvar end of the girdle. Sellaphora pausariae is homothallic; a deficiency of interclonal pairings in two-clone mixtures is interpreted as reflecting the tendency of cells to mate with their immediate neighbours.
Conclusions – Morphologically, the new species can be differentiated from existing described species, though only problematically from some informally named demes. Molecularly, it is clearly characterized by the five genes sequenced. Girdle terminology needs expansion (e.g. to distinguish primodominant girdles from ‘graded’ ones, in which the bands gradually decrease in width and structural complexity from the valve outwards).
Accompaniment by participation: The interpretation of <i>mit</i> as a free particle in German
Authors: Bücking Sebastian 
Published: July 2019

This paper is about the interpretation of free mit ‘with’ in German as exemplified by Ben bastelt mit am Rad (lit. Ben tinkers with with the bike) ‘Ben is participating in a tinkering with the bike’ and Ben ist mit der größte (lit. Ben is with the tallest) ‘Ben belongs to the tallest people’. It provides a uniform compositional semantics according to which free mit distributes its target predication over the explicit subject and implicit alternatives in such a way that the subject is said to accompany an implicit host situation by participation. The proposal thus argues against previous approaches that treat free mit as a focus particle or an elliptical PP and that consider its combination with the superlative a separate construction. The evidence is drawn from a wide range of semantic-pragmatic properties not disclosed before: free mit is insensitive to focus and projection, while it introduces a distinction between a discourse-transparent accompaniment by the subject referent and discourse-opaque alternatives. Most crucially, free mit is only compatible with predication types that support an extension by accompaniment. While the analysis zooms in on a special lexeme, it also advances more general topics: the opposition between constructional and compositional approaches to the constitution of meaning, accompaniment relations as a vital diagnostic for the ontological foundation of predication types, and the intriguing behavior of the superlative in distributional contexts.
Les pratiques conduisant au succès ou à l’échec des coopérations d’innovation entre clients et fournisseurs
Authors: Servajean-Hilst Romaric , BenMahmoud-Jouini Sihem 
Published: July 2019

Cette recherche a pour objectif d’identifier les pratiques critiques, c’est-à-dire conduisant au succès ou à l’échec, d’une coopération d’innovation entre clients et fournisseurs en mobilisant la méthode d’Analyse des Conditions Nécessaires. Elle s’appuie sur un échantillon de 160 coopérations d’innovation. Nous avons identifié 23 pratiques critiques comme par exemple l’absence de contrat, la définition précise des rôles et responsabilités de chacun des partenaires dans le projet d’innovation, ou bien l’implication fréquente de la fonction Marketing du client. Ces résultats permettent de recommander les dispositifs contractuels et les modalités de coordination à mobiliser et ceux à éviter pour maximiser les chances de succès des coopérations verticales d’innovation.
Integrating Artificial Intelligence and Nanotechnology for Precision Cancer Medicine
Authors: Adir Omer , Poley Maria , Chen Gal , Froim Sahar , Krinsky Nitzan , Shklover Jeny , Shainsky‐Roitman Janna , Lammers Twan , Schroeder Avi 
Published: July 2019

AbstractArtificial intelligence (AI) and nanotechnology are two fields that are instrumental in realizing the goal of precision medicine—tailoring the best treatment for each cancer patient. Recent conversion between these two fields is enabling better patient data acquisition and improved design of nanomaterials for precision cancer medicine. Diagnostic nanomaterials are used to assemble a patient‐specific disease profile, which is then leveraged, through a set of therapeutic nanotechnologies, to improve the treatment outcome. However, high intratumor and interpatient heterogeneities make the rational design of diagnostic and therapeutic platforms, and analysis of their output, extremely difficult. Integration of AI approaches can bridge this gap, using pattern analysis and classification algorithms for improved diagnostic and therapeutic accuracy. Nanomedicine design also benefits from the application of AI, by optimizing material properties according to predicted interactions with the target drug, biological fluids, immune system, vasculature, and cell membranes, all affecting therapeutic efficacy. Here, fundamental concepts in AI are described and the contributions and promise of nanotechnology coupled with AI to the future of precision cancer medicine are reviewed.
Ti3C2Tx (MXene)‐Silicon Heterojunction for Efficient Photovoltaic Cells
Authors: Yu LePing , Bati Abdulaziz S. R. , Grace Tom S. L. , Batmunkh Munkhbayar , Shapter Joseph G. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractA novel type of solar cell has been developed based on charge separation at the heterojunction formed by a transparent conducting MXene electrode and an n‐type silicon (n‐Si) wafer. A thin layer of the native silicon dioxide plays an important role in suppressing the recombination of charge carriers. A two‐step chemical treatment can increase the device efficiency by about 40%. Promisingly, an average power conversion efficiency of over 10% under simulated full sunlight is achieved for this novel class of solar cell with the application of an antireflection layer. The efficiencies of these novel solar cells based on a MXene‐Si heterojunction achieved in this work point to great promise in emerging photovoltaic technology. In addition to their high efficiency, the excellent reproducibility of such devices establishes a solid base for possible future commercialization.
Liquid Crystallinity as a Self‐Assembly Motif for High‐Efficiency, Solution‐Processed, Solid‐State Singlet Fission Materials
Authors: Masoomi‐Godarzi Saghar , Liu Maning , Tachibana Yasuhiro , Mitchell Valerie D. , Goerigk Lars , Ghiggino Kenneth P. , Smith Trevor A. , Jones David J. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractSolution and solution‐deposited thin films of the discotic liquid crystalline electron acceptor–donor–acceptor (A‐D‐A) p‐type organic semiconductor FHBC(TDPP)2, synthesized by coupling thienyl substituted diketopyrrolopyrrole (TDPP) onto a fluorenyl substituted hexa‐peri‐hexabenzocoronene (FHBC) core, are examined by ultrafast and nanosecond transient absorption spectroscopy, and time‐resolved photoluminescence studies to examine their ability to support singlet fission (SF). Grazing incidence wide‐angle X‐ray (GIWAX) studies indicate that as‐cast thin films of FHBC(TDPP)2 are “amorphous,” while hexagonal packed discotic liquid crystalline films evolve during thermal annealing. SF in as‐cast thin films is observed with an ≈150% triplet generation yield. Thermally annealing the thin films improves SF yields up to 170%. The as‐cast thin films show no long‐range order, indicating a new class of SF material where the requirement for local order and strong near neighbor coupling has been removed. Generation of long‐lived triplets (µs) suggests that these materials may also be suitable for inclusion in organic solar cells to enhance performance.
A look into the future? Patients' and health care staff's perception and evaluation of genetic information and the right not to know
Authors: Lenk Christian , Duttge Gunnar , Flatau Laura , Frommeld Debora , Poser Wolfgang , Reitt Markus , Schulze Thomas , Weber Alexandra , Zoll Barbara 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe progress of medical genetics leads to a significant increase in genetic knowledge and a vast expansion of genetic diagnostics. However, it is still unknown how these changes will be integrated into medical practice and how they will change patients' and healthy persons' perception and evaluation of genetic diagnoses and genetic knowledge. Therefore, we carried out a comprehensive questionnaire survey with more than 500 patients, clients seeking genetic counseling, health care staff, and healthy persons (N = 523). The questionnaire survey covered detailed questions on the value of genetic diagnoses for the different groups of study participants, the right to know or not to know genetic diagnoses, possible differences between genetic and other medical diagnoses, and the practical use and implications of genetic knowledge with a special focus on hereditary neuropsychiatric diseases. A huge majority of the participants (90.7%) stated to have a right to learn every aspect of her or his genetic make‐up. Similarly, study participants showed high interest (81.8%) in incidental health care findings—independent of whether the diseases are treatable or not. One can derive from the data outcome that study participants did not follow the implications of a “genetic exceptionalism” and often considered genetic findings as equivalent in relation to other medical diagnoses.
Development and Application of a Rheological Method to Investigate Crystallization of Palm Oil
Authors: Moelants Katlijn R. N. , Smith Paul R. , Lipkie Tristan E. , Steinbach Adam J. , Leyva Gerardo , Süverkrüp Fenja C. H. , Wallecan Joël R. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractStructuring of fatty products is important in producing palatable food products. Saturated fat (SAFA) crystals are needed to bring structure to many products (such as bakery or confectionery). In a product control of the structure by fat nucleation and crystallization, it is important to deliver the correct performance. Many techniques only work on quiescent systems and give limited information about the sheared systems that are generally found in industrial production of products. This article presents a novel rheological technique that can be used to probe crystallization and network structure under sheared conditions. The results show that crystallization of palm oil can be divided into different key stages. These result from initial nucleation, structuring by the crystals, polymorphic transformation, further structure building, and then subsequent relaxation. Significant postcrystallization (sintering) events occur over at least a day. It is seen that the shear rate leads to possibilities for crystallization control. Higher shear gives a reduction in network strength (as measured by G′) of the initial crystal network. However, after longer posthardening, results are very similar. This work enables the development of a fast tool that can be used to monitor structure formation in fats and reveals the relative importance of the nucleation–crystallization and postcrystallization events in sheared systems.
Effect of a Mutant Danbaekkong Allele on Soybean Seed Yield, Protein, and Oil Concentration
Authors: Cunicelli Mia J. , Bhandari Hem S. , Chen Pengyin , Sams Carl E. , Mian M. A. Rouf , Mozzoni Leandro A. , Smallwood Christopher J. , Pantalone Vincent R. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThere is a known negative correlation between soybean [Glycine max [L.] Merr.] seed protein and oil and between protein and yield. This challenges breeders to increase protein concentration while maintaining oil concentration and yield. The objective of this study was to determine if marker‐assisted selection for the Danbaekkong (Dan) protein allele on chromosome 20 influences seed yield and quality traits in near isogenic genetic backgrounds. A population of 24 F7‐derived near isogenic lines (NIL) of soybean was created by crossing G03‐3101 × LD00‐2817P. The 24 NIL consisted of 12 wild type (WT) and 12 mutant Dan type lines. These NIL were grown in 2016 and 2017 field seasons in replicated field trials in nine environments, with six in Tennessee and one each in Arkansas, Missouri, and North Carolina. There were significant (P < 0.05) differences in yield, protein, and oil concentrations between the two experimental groups. The Dan group had significantly (P < 0.05) more protein (421 g kg−1), less oil (192 g kg−1), and lower yield (3143 kg ha−1) than the WT group (390 g kg−1 protein, 210 g kg−1 oil, and 3281 kg ha−1 yield). These results support previous research and corroborate the overall negative genetic correlations. Nevertheless, seed yield of several higher‐protein Dan lines MC‐13, MC‐16, MC‐19, and MC‐24 exceeded seed yield of lower protein WT lines MC‐2, MC‐3, MC‐6, and MC‐10. The higher‐protein lines represent genetic resources for reducing the negative correlation between protein and yield.
Multiple Photoluminescent Processes from Pyrene Derivatives with Aggregation‐ and Mechano‐Induced Excimer Emission
Authors: Wang Xiao‐Yan , Zhang Jing , Yin Jun , Liu Sheng Hua 
Published: July 2019

AbstractTwo novel pyrene‐based isocyanide gold(I) complexes have been designed and synthesized. The different structures lead to distinct and diverse photophysical properties both in solution and in the aggregate state. Multiple photoluminescence, involving monomer emission, locally excited emission and excimer emission, are observed. Notably, an excimer is formed by aggregation in solution and external mechanical stimulation in the solid state, showing aggregation‐ and mechano‐induced excimer emission.
Triazole‐Pyridine Dicarbonitrile Targets Phosphodiesterase 4 to Induce Cytotoxicity in Lung Carcinoma Cells
Authors: Keerthy Hosadurga K. , Mohan Surender , Basappa  , Bharathkumar Hanumantharayappa , Rangappa Shobith , Svensson Fredrick , Bender Andreas , Mohan Chakrabhavi Dhananjaya , Rangappa Kanchugarakoppal S. , Bhatnagar Rakesh 
Published: July 2019

AbstractPhosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) is a key enzyme involved in the hydrolysis of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and widely expressed in several types of cancers. The inhibition of PDE4 results in an increased concentration of intracellular cAMP levels that imparts the anti‐inflammatory response in the target cells. In the present report, two series of triazolo‐pyridine dicarbonitriles and substituted dihydropyridine dicarbonitriles were synthesized using green protocol (TBAB in refluxed water). We next evaluated the title compounds for their cytotoxicity towards lung cancer (A549) cells and identified 7′‐[4‐(methylsulfonyl)phenyl]‐5′‐oxo‐1′,5′‐dihydrospiro[cyclohexane‐1,2′‐[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5‐a]pyridine]‐6′,8′‐dicarbonitrile (5h) and 7′‐(1‐methyl‐1H‐imidazol‐2‐yl)‐5′‐oxo‐1′,5′‐dihydrospiro[cyclohexane‐1,2′‐[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5‐a]pyridine]‐6′,8′‐dicarbonitrile (5j) as lead analogs with the IC50 values of 15.2 and 24.1 μm, respectively. Furthermore, all the new compounds were tested for PDE4 inhibitory activity and 5j showed relatively good inhibitory activity towards PDE4 with inhibition of 50.9 % at 10 μm. In silico analysis demonstrated the favorable interaction of the title compounds with the target enzyme. Taken together, the present study introduces a new scaffold for the development of novel PDE4 inhibitors to fight against inflammatory diseases.
Highly Active and Selective Ru‐PNH Catalyst in Aerobic Oxidation of Benzyl Amines
Authors: Aman Michal , Tremmel Jakub , Dostál Libor , Erben Milan , Tydlitát Jiří , Jansa Josef , Jambor Roman 
Published: July 2019

AbstractSet of [Ru(η6‐cymene)(R)XCl] (R=L1SnCl, L1GeCl L2PPh2, X=Cl or SnCl3, L1=[2‐(CH2NEt2)‐4,6‐(tBu)2C6H2]−, L2=2,6‐iPr2‐C6H3‐NH−) catalysts was tested in aerobic oxidations of primary amines. The activity of studied catalysts depends on the charge of the Ru atom that has been influenced either by donating ligands R or by character of X. Typical Ru/P catalyst [Ru(η6‐cymene)(L2PPh2)Cl2] (3) with least negative charge on the Ru atom has been observed as the most effective. The design of the phosphine ligand L2 containing amino‐phosphine PNH moiety provided efficient anchoring of complex 3 to silica gel via hydrogen bonding of the PNH functional group to SiO2 to give heterogeneous catalyst 3‐silica. This complex has been also efficiently tested in aerobic oxidation as recyclable catalyst with cumulative TON up to 6930.