bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mikroenkapsulasi Minyak Atsiri Dari Tanaman Nilam (Pogostemon cablin Benth) Sebagai Antijamur Candida albicans
Authors: Risnawaty Risnawaty , Nurliana Laily , Kurniawati Desy 
Published: October 2018

Microencapsulation of essential oils from nilam plants (Pogostemon cablin Benth) for antifungal of Candida albicans was carried out. The aims of this study were to know of chemical components, characteristics, and activity test of nilam plants as well as the result test of microencaptulation as antifungal of C. albicans. Nilam essential oils was obtained by using water-vapor destilation with the rendament of 0.88%. Charateristics of nilam essential oils obtained produced are density of 0.947 mg/L, refractive index of 1.506, acid number of 1.122, and dissolved in alcohol 70 and 90% has conducted by Indonesia National Standar. Microencapsulation of nilam essential oils by using spray drying method with the various of the wrapper material of nilam essential oils:maltodextrin (1:12;1:10;1:8) produced solid powders with sticky texture and creamy which giving a spesific aroma of nilam oils. The activity test of antifungal of C. albicans test on liquid essential oil any diffence significantly each various of concentration of 12,5; 25; 50; and 100%. The activity of microcapsule showed that the difference specifically on various of concentrations of 1:12; 1:10 and 1:8 with the good activity power is composition of 1:12. Activity test result showed is any difference significantly between nilam oils and microcapsule.
Imobilisasi Asam Humat Pada Kitin Dan Aplikasinya Sebagai Adsorben Cr(III)
Authors: Sehol Muhamad , Juari Santosa Sri , Siswanta Dwi 
Published: October 2018

Immobilization of humic acid on chitin has been conducted and applied to the adsorption of Cr(III). The humic acid was isolated using NaOH 0.1 M, while chitin was isolated by deproteination of crab shells by using NaOH 3.5 % (w/v) and followed by demineralization using HCl 1 M. Chitin obtained from ambient-temperature-dried crab shell is named as chitin I, and crab shell washed by HOCl solution and followed by drying at ambient temperature is named chitin II. The total acidity of the humic acid was 230.95 cmol/kg, and it was distributed into the acidity of COOH 168.75 cmol/kg, and phenolic-OH 62.20 cmol/kg. Adsorbent A with chitin I as the main material and adsorbent B with chitin II as the main material, resulted the adsorbed humic acid of 9.25 and 1.68% (w/w), respectively. Adsorption of Cr(III) was maximum at pH 5, with rate of constants orde of chitin II>adsorbent B>adsorbent A>chitin I, i.e. 0.3509; ; 0.2488; 0.1553; 0.0568 minute-1, respectively. The capacity of adsorption was in the orde of chitin I>adsorbent B>chitin II>adsorbent A, i.e. 944.77; 912.53; 895.37; 893.81 mg/g, respectively. The energy of adsorption of Cr(III) of chitin II>chitin I>adsorbent A>adsorbent B, i.e. 22.932; 20,945; 20.312; 19.615 kJ/mol, respectively.
Biosorpsi Ion Logam Tembaga (Cu2+) Pada Biosorben Rumput Laut Coklat (Padina australis)
Authors: Bijang Catherina M. , Latupeirissa Jolantje , Ratuhanrasa Marike 
Published: October 2018

The research on the biosorption of Cu2+ metal ions in brown seaweed biosorbent (Padina australis) has been done. This study aims to determine moisture content, ash content, biomass content, pH and optimum contact time of Cu2+ metal ions absorption pH and optimum contact time of Cu2+ metal ions absorption. The method used is batch method. The adsorption result of Cu2+ metal ions was analyzed by using atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). The results showed that the optimum pH was 7 with 99.8308 % absorption ability of biosorbent and the optimum contact time was 5 hours with 99.5570 % biosorbent absorbency.
Isolasi Kitosan Dari Tudung Jamur Merang (Vollvariella Volvaceae) Dan Aplikasinya Sebagai Absorben Logam Timbal (Pb)
Authors: Tanasale Matheis F.J.D.P. , Bandjar Adriani , Sewit Natasya 
Published: October 2018

Chitosan isolated from mushroom (Vollariella volvaceae) as adsorbent of lead (Pb) metal has been done. The isolation of chitosan was obtained 2.94% from total weight of mushroom. Fungtional groups of chitin and chitosan were indentified by using FTIR spectrophotometry. The chitosan had 74.66% degree of deacetylation and 2.09 x 104 g/mol viscosity molecular weight. The experimental data of the chitosan as adsorbent for Pb metal were correlated with the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm model. The maximum adsorption capacity of Pb based on the Langmuir isotherm model was 2.66 mg/g.
STUDI PENCAMPURAN SERAT ECENG GONDOK SISTEM HOT ROLLED SHEET BC SPESIFIKASI SEKSI-6 : 2010 BINA MARGA
Authors: Prasetyo Heru , Arif Samsul 
Published: October 2018

HRS-BC (Hot Roller Sheet) is a type of flexible pavement construction because it uses asphalt as a binder between the aggregates. This study uses water hyacinth as a substitute for cellulose fiber in the mixture of HRS-BC. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of water hyacinth cellulose fiber in HRS mixture to the Marshall characteristics. This research uses trial and error method, resulting 7.19 % asphalt content to the total aggregate weight with the variation of cellulose fibers are 3%, 4%, 5%, 6% and 7%. Marshall Test is performed to determine the effect of adding the cellulose fiber in the mixture to the components of Marshall Properties, for example Marshall Stability, % of Void Filed With Asphalt (VFWA), % of Void in The Mix (VIM), Plastic Fatigue (Flow), and Marshall Quotient (MQ).The result of this study is Marshall evaluation where the greatest score is obtained for stability of 1601 kg, flow of 4.60 mm, Quotient Marshall of 375.44 kg/mm, VMA of 20.45%, VFWA of 86.79 %, and VIM score of 4.19 %. It shows that the best cellulose fiber content is 3 % of asphalt level of 7,19 % and has been in accordance with Bina Marga 2010 Division 6 specification and can be used in asphalt mixture of HRS-BC.
Kebijakan Utang Jangka Panjang : Kajian Struktur Modal Entitas Terbuka Non Keuangan di Indonesia Yang Dikendalikan Keluarga
Authors: Sugiarto Sugiarto 
Published: October 2018

Compared to non-family controlled firms, family controlled firms have a stronger desire to maintain control to protect their highly valuable private benefits of control and firm-specific human capital. With substantial wealth and human capital at risk, family owners tend to be more risk averse than non-family owners, and also have stronger intention to reduce the prospect of financial distress and bankruptcy. These unique characteristics of family firms potentially make their capital structure decisions different from those of non-family firms. Panel data from 137 publicly listed firms in Indonesia from 1996 to 2005 were used to investigate the impact of family control on capital structure, particularly on debt maturity decisions.
Keywords: Family controlled firms, capital structure decisions, debt maturity
Cultura internacionalización y ética empresarial
Authors: Díaz de la Cruz Dra. Cristina , Fernández Fernández Dr. José Luis 
Published: October 2018

Las acciones de internacionalización de las organizaciones han puesto al descubierto la importancia del conocimiento del entorno cultural para favorecer una buena gestión empresarial. Tradicionalmente la literatura académica se ha dedicado a estudiar las acciones de internacionalización desde la perspectiva del gobierno corporativo, a fin de encontrar un sistema óptimo que reduzca los costes derivados del problema de agencia. Sin embargo, la cuestión cultural, tiene un impacto mucho más amplio sobre la gestión de personas en las organizaciones. Ejemplo de ello es la implantación de la ética y la responsabilidad social empresarial. Este artículo pretende poner en evidencia, desde un abordaje teórico, la importancia de repensar el paradigma de estudio de las acciones de internacionalización con un enfoque menos basado en principios de autointerés y más enfocados en la implantación de la ética empresarial, a través de la cultura organizacional, con una fundamentación antropológica sólida.
El contexto de los medios y la nueva racionalidad
Authors: Benavides Delgado Dr. Juan 
Published: October 2018

El presente artículo es un estudio que desarrolla algunas de las conclusiones vertidas en diversas investigaciones realizadas en los últimos años sobre la comunicación comercial, la gestión del valor y la responsabilidad de las organizaciones e instituciones sociales en España. Se ofrece un marco general disciplinar que describa el contexto original del lenguaje comercial y sus derivados en nuevas formas de expresar y razonar los valores en el discurso de los medios de comunicación y los líderes sociales y políticos. En los últimos años se ha venido generando un tipo de racionalidad mediático - publicitaria que simplifica la visión de la realidad con un lenguaje muy atomizado incapaz de dar razón de lo que significan los valores y de una comprensión adecuada del entorno de las personas.
МЕТОД ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ ХОЛОДОПРОДУКТИВНОСТІ ТЕРМОТРАНСФОРМАТОРА ЗА МАКСИМАЛЬНИМ ТЕМПОМ ПРИРОЩЕННЯ ТЕРМОЧАСОВОГО ПОТЕНЦІАЛУ ОХОЛОДЖЕННЯ ПОВІТРЯ
Authors: Радченко Андрій Миколайович 
Published: October 2018

It is proved a possibility of using the thermohour cooling potential method, developed by the author, for defining the installed (design) refrigeration capacity of term transformer (refrigeration machine), providing a maximum rate of thermo-hour cooling potential increasing according to the current climatic conditions for a definite period of operation.It is proposed to define the effect, gained due to cooling air, in particular at the inlet of GTU, depends on duration and depth of cooling, by thermohour potential ÕS,°С·h, as air temperature decrease Δta multiplied by duration τ of GTU operation at decreased temperature: ÕS = ∑(Δta ∙°τ), which to some extent characterizes heat load on the cooling system.It is shown that taking into consideration a different rate of annual thermohour cooling potential arising with increasing the installed refrigeration capacity of term transformer, caused by changing the heat load according to current climatic conditions during a year, it is necessary to choose such design heat load on the air cooling system (refrigeration capacity of term transformer) that provides a maximum value of annual thermohour cooling potential or close it with relatively high rates of its increasing. To define the installed refrigeration capacity, providing a maximum rate of annual thermohour cooling potential increasing, it is analyzed the dependence of annual thermohour cooling potential related to the installed refrigeration capacity of term transformer, from the installed refrigeration capacity of term transformer. As a result of the investigation, it is proposed the method of defining the design heat load (installed refrigeration capacity) of term transformer with maximum rates of increasing thermohour cooling potential, as a further development of methodology of rational designing of them transformers for combustion engine inlet air cooling on the base of thermohour potential, developed by author
La poesía argumentativa de Jorge Luis Borges: Primera aproximación
Authors: Fernández Cozman Camilo 
Published: October 2018

Cuentista, poeta, ensayista y traductor, Jorge Luis Borges (1899-1986) es uno de los grandes escritores latinoamericanos de todos los tiempos. Ha tenido una enorme repercusión en la obra de autores europeos fundamentales del siglo XX como Michel Foucault, Umberto Eco, George Steiner y Gérard Genette, entre otros. Se trata de un autor clásico cuyas huellas se dejan sentir en el boom de la novela latinoamericana que se produjo a partir de los años sesenta de la centuria pasada con autores como Gabriel García Márquez, Mario Vargas Llosa, Carlos Fuentes y Julio Cortázar, verbigracia. Beatriz Sarlo (2007) considera que Borges logra inventar una tradición cultural para Argentina, país excéntrico, es decir, que no tiene un centro fijo, sino que se alimenta de diversas tradiciones; asimismo, el autor de El libro de arena “se maneja con la soltura de un marginal que hace libre uso de todas las culturas” (Sarlo, 2007, p. 14), Borges dialoga libremente con la literatura occidental y no constituye, por ello, un mero imitador de esta última.
Estimation of Sea Current Energy Potential by Using Calculation Models of Horizontal Axis Current Turbine in Toyapakeh Strait, Nusa Penida, Bali
Authors: Rachmat Beben , Ilahude Delyuzar 
Published: October 2018

Toyapakeh Strait has a fairly strong ocean current velocity with a velocity between 0.5 m/s – 3.2 m/s. The duration of the strong current (V> 0.5 m/s) ranges from 13-22 hours per day. The location of the strong current occurrence is located to the east of Nusa Lembongan Island, precisely at the stationary current measurement location. Vertical distribution of the direction and velocity currents at this location are not uniform from the top to the bottom, especially in the water column depths of 2 m, 4 m and 6 m, whereas at the water column depths of 8 m to 16 m are relatively uniform. Calculation results of potential electrical power by using the horizontal axis turbine model with a capacity of 35.9 kW (Rite Verdan), 100 kW (Tocardo DD702HT) and 250 kW (Tocardo DD1001HT) show that all of the values have the optimal electric powers, especially during the spring tide, whereas during the neap tide only the turbine with a capacity of 35.9 kW can retrieved an optimal electrical power. Calculation result of the electric power potential by using the method of calculation performed by the Electric Power Research Institute Inc. at the point of measurement, indicated that the total amount of energy 42.5 MWh per month for the turbine model Tocardo DD1001HT, 17.27 MWh per month for turbine model DD702HT Tocardo, and 9.08 MWh per month for the turbine model Rite Verdan.Keywords: Toyapakeh Strait, current velocity, time duration, electric power, depth of the water column Perairan Selat Toyapakeh mempunyai kecepatan arus laut yang cukup kuat dengan kecepatan berkisar antara 0,5 m/det – 3,2 m/det. Durasi terjadinya arus kuat (V>0,5 m/det) berkisar 13 – 22 jam per hari. Lokasi tempat terjadinya arus kuat terletak di sebelah timur Pulau Nusa Lembongan, tepatnya di lokasi tempat pengukuran arus stasioner. Secara vertikal distribusi arah dan kecepatan arus di lokasi ini tidak seragam dari atas ke bawah, terutama pada kedalaman kolom air 2 m, 4 m dan 6 m, sedangkan untuk kedalaman kolom air 8 m sampai 16 m relatif seragam. Hasil perhitungan potensi daya listrik dengan menggunakan model turbin sumbu horisontal dengan kapasitas 35,9 kW (Rite Verdan), 100 kW (Tocardo DD702HT) dan 250 kW (Tocardo DD1001HT) diperoleh daya listrik yang cukup optimal terutama saat spring tide, sedangkan saat neap tide hanya turbin dengan kapasitas 35,9 kW yang masih menghasilkan daya listrik secara optimal. Hasil perhitungan potensi daya listrik dengan menggunakan metode perhitungan yang digunakan oleh Electric Power Research Institute Inc. di titik pengukuran diperoleh total energi yang dihasilkan dari model turbin Tocardo DD1001HT adalah sebesar 42,5 MWh per bulan, model turbin Tocardo DD702HT adalah sebesar 17,27 MWh per bulan, dan model turbin Rite Verdan adalah sebesar 9,08 MWh per bulan.Kata Kunci : Selat Toyapakeh, kecepatan arus, durasi waktu, daya listrik, kedalaman kolom air
DAYA DUKUNG SEDIMEN DASAR LAUT DI PERAIRAN PELABUHAN CIREBON DAN SEKITARNYA
Authors: Permana Asep , Raharjo Purnomo 
Published: October 2018

Daya dukung sedimen dasar laut dan aspek keteknikan pada perencanaan pengembangan pelabuhan Cirebon lebih ditekankan pada faktor geoteknik, geofisika dan oseanografi. Pada saat pasang arah arus cenderung ke arah selatan dan baratdaya, sedangkan pada saat surut cenderung ke arah utara dan timurlaut dengan kecepatan rata-rata maksimum 0.11 m/detik dan minimum 0.08 m/detik. Morfologi dasar laut di perairan pelabuhan Cirebon sangat landai bervariasi antara - 6,5 m (LWS) dan -8.00 m, sedangkan kolamnya sendiri antara 0.00 -2.00 m, Daya dukung tanah pada kedalaman 18.00 - 27.00 m dari LWS di bagian atas diselingi oleh pasir lepas hingga lempung pasiran merupakan tanah bersifat lunak (soft) dengan N SPT = 22 hingga 32 tumbukan (blows). Data sondir di sekitar lokasi dermaga menunjukan nilai harga Qc = 2-4 kg/cm2 pada kedalaman 2.00-11.50 m dan nilai Qc > 150 kg/cm2 dijumpai pada kedalaman 14.00-15.50 m. Sedangkan lapisan bawah di daerah Astanajapura pada kedalaman lebih dari 20.00 meter tertumpu pada pasir, padat, keras, nilai SPT antara 35 hingga lebih dari 50 tumbukan. Analisis mineral lempung yang ada di daerah selidikan memperlihatkan bahwa lempung monmorilonite sangat dominan dan diketahui bahwa tanah yang mengandung monmorilonite sangat mudah mengembang oleh tambahan kadar air sehingga tekanan pengembangannya dapat merusak struktur bangunan pondasi. Bottom sediments bearing capacity on Cirebon harbor development planning are focused on Geotechnique, geophysical and oceanographically aspects. During tidal spring, current tend to the south and southwest wards and during the neap tide tend to the north and northeast with mean maximum velocity was 0.11 m/sec and minimum velocity was 0.08 m/sec. The sea floor morphology in the Cirebon harbor waters is slightly gentle and the water depth varies from -6.5 to 8.5 m (LWS), while the depth of the pond itself are between 0.00 to -2.00 meters. The bearing capacity from SPT (Standard Penetration Test) at depth between 18.00 - 27.00 m are composed of loose sand to sandy clay, soft, with (N) SPT values about 22 to 32 blows. Sondir data obtained at depth 2.00 - 11.50 and Qc value about 2 - 4 kg/cm2 while at depth 14.00 m to 15.50 m Qc value data about more > 150 kg/cm2 was found at depth more than 20.00 meters. The lower part layers in Astanajapura are composed of sand, dense, hard, with SPT value data obtained are 35 to more than 50 blows. Clay mineral analysis showed montmorilonite is dominant in this survey area. So that very easy to swell and will influenced the foundation structure construction.
PENDANGKALAN ALUR PELAYARAN DI PELABUHAN PULAU BAAI BENGKULU
Authors: Arifin Lukman , Hutagaol Juniar P. , Hanafi Mustafa 
Published: October 2018

Alur pelayaran di Pelabuhan Pulau Baai Bengkulu selalu mengalami pendangkalan. Untuk mengetahui penyebab pendangkalan tersebut maka akan diberikan beberapa informasi hasil kajian geofisika kelautan dari beberapa metoda. Metoda tersebut terdiri dari pengukuran kedalaman laut, pengukuran arus dan pasang surut. Hasil pengukuran kedalaman laut memperlihatkan bahwa kedalaman yang paling dalam di bagian kolam pelabuhan adalah sekitar 12 meter dan yang terdalam di daerah alur juga 12 meter. Pengukuran arus laut memperlihatkan bahwa kecepatan arus pada saat pasang tertinggi lebih tinggi daripada kecepatan arus pada saat surut terendah. Pengendapan lebih besar terjadi pada saat air pasang, apalagi ditambah dengan adanya arus sepanjang pantai yang membawa sedimen ke arah alur. Tipe pasang surut laut di pelabuhan ini adalah tipe campuran ganda, artinya pasang dan surut akan terjadi sekali atau dua kali dalam sehari. Adapun perbedaan tinggi muka air pada saat air pasang dan saat air surut adalah 1,53 meter. Shoaling always occurs in the sailing channel of Pulau Baai Bengkulu Harbour. To know the reason of the shoaling, some information based on the result, of the analysis of several methods of marine geophysical survey are therefore presented. The methods are echo-sounding, sea current and tide measurement. Result of sounding shows that the deepest depth in the lagoon area is around 12 metres and the depth in the channel area is also 12 metres. Result of sea current measurement shows that current velocity during the spring tide is higher than the velocity during the neap tide. Sedimentation is higher in the spring tide, moreover it is increased by the existence of long shore current which transport the sediments into the channel. The type of the sea tide in the harbour is a mixed semi diurnal type which means that the spring and the neap will occur once or twice a day. The height of sea water level difference between spring tide and neap tide season is 1.53 metres.
MINERALOGI INTI SEDIMEN PERMUKAAN DASAR LAUT GRT-05-03 DARI CEKUNGAN TOMINI - SULAWESI TENGAH
Authors: Kusnida Dida , Kristanto Nur Adi 
Published: October 2018

Makalah ini merupakan hasil dari kegiatan penelitian geologi laut dalam yang dilaksanakan oleh Puslitbang Geologi Kelautan di Cekungan Tomini, Sulawesi Tengah. Mineralogi sedimen permukaan dasar laut secara umum dari contoh penginti tunggal GRT-05-03 setebal 145 cm terdiri atas unsur utama (SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, CaO, MgO, K2O, Na2O, TiO2 and LiO), unsur logam (Au, Ag, Cu, Pb, Zn, Cr, Mn, Ni, Fe and Co) dan unsur tanah jarang (Th, Zr, Ba, Nb, Ce and Sr). Hasil analisis mineral dari contoh penginti tunggal GRT-05-03 menunjukkan bahwa mineral logam didominasi oleh konsentrasi mangan (2865-3211 ppm), sedangkan unsur tanah jarang didominasi oleh Barium (245-289 ppm). Tingginya konsentrasi secara vertikal dari kedua unsur tersebut di atas, menunjukkan bahwa proses sedimentasi di Teluk Tomini berada pada lingkungan reduksi. Kata kunci : penginti tunggal, mineral, elemen major, minor dan unsur tanah jarang; Cekungan Tomini This paper is a result of deep sea geological study conducted by Marine Geological Institute in Tomini Basin, Central Sulawesi. General mineralogy of surficial sediments of single core GRT-05-03 with the thickness of 145 cm consist of major elements (SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, CaO, MgO, K2O, Na2O, TiO2 and LiO), minor elements (Au, Ag, Cu, Pb, Zn, Cr, Mn, Ni, Fe and Co), and trace elements (Th, Zr, Ba, Nb, Ce and Sr). Results of mineral analysis indicate that a major element is dominated by Manganese (2865-3211 ppm), while a rare trace element is dominated by Barium (245-289 ppm). The vertically high concentrations of these two elements indicate that sedimentation processes in Tomini Basin is in the anoxic environment. Key words: single core; minerals; major; minor and trace elements; Tomini Basin.
DESAIN KAPASITAS TIANG PANCANG BULAT UNTUK LAPISAN SEDIMEN KOHESIF PADA RENCANA AS JETTY MARINE CENTER, CIREBON-JAWA BARAT
Authors: Novico Franto , Raharjo Purnomo 
Published: October 2018

Pemboran geoteknik pada daerah perairan dengan lapis sedimen yang bersifat kohesif merupakan hal yang cukup menarik, tidak saja dari segi teknis pelaksanaan pemboran namun juga dalam tahapan selanjutnya yaitu analisis hasil pemboran dan aplikasi desain yang dibuat. Lapisan sedimen kohesif pada perairan yang umumnya berada dalam kondisi jenuh perlu mendapatkan pertimbangan khusus untuk menentukan dimensi dari aplikasi struktur bagian bawah pada rencana pengembangan infrastruktur yang sedang dibuat. Berdasarkan alternatif dimensi dan rencana peletakan tiang pancang, dengan rencana pembangunan trestle untuk kapal 7000 DWT maka tiang pancang dengan diameter 40 cm yang dipancangkan pada kedalaman -14 m dan maksimum -20 meter dari dasar laut sudah cukup efisien. Kata Kunci : Cirebon, Kapasitas Tiang Pancang, Marine Center PPPGL A geotechnical drilling, especially within the area where has a cohesive sediment is very fascinating, it is not only in term of the drilling technique but also analyze the drilling result and the application. In general, a cohesive sedimen in waters area is saturated therefore the determination of dimension of a basement structure being a special attention to determine a dimension of basement structure in term of planning an infrastructure development. Based on dimension alternative and the depth of the piling, with trestle planning for 7000 DWT vessel, the pile with 40 cm of diameter could be efficient in depth between -14 m and -20 m from sea floor. Keywords : Cirebon, Pile Capacity, Marine Center PPPGL