bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Self‐concept research with school‐aged youth with intellectual disabilities: A systematic review
Authors: Maïano Christophe , Coutu Sylvain , Morin Alexandre J. S. , Tracey Danielle , Lepage Geneviève , Moullec Grégory 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBackgroundResearch on the self‐concept of youth with intellectual disabilities has not been summarized in more than four decades. The present systematic review addresses this gap.MethodA systematic literature search was performed in nine databases and 21 studies, published between 1979 and 2017, met our inclusion criteria.ResultsSignificant differences between the self‐concepts of youth with intellectual disabilities and typically developing (TD) youth were found in: (a) cognitive‐academic self‐concept in disfavour of youth with intellectual disabilities; (b) global self‐concept and cognitive‐academic self‐concept in disfavour of children with intellectual disabilities; and (c) global, behavioural, and cognitive‐academic self‐concept in disfavour of youth with intellectual disabilities schooled in a special class. Additionally, except for age, intellectual functioning and school placement, no significant relations were found between the self‐concept dimensions and academic achievement and sex.ConclusionStudies on self‐concept research with school‐aged youth with intellectual disabilities have several weaknesses that need to be advanced in future research.
Land mammals form eight functionally and climatically distinct faunas in North America but only one in Europe
Authors: Lintulaakso Kari , Polly P. David , Eronen Jussi T. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAimWe use cluster analysis to delimit climatically and functionally distinct mammalian faunal clusters. These entities form regional species pools and are relevant to community assembly processes. Similar clusters can be differentiated in the fossil record, offering the potential for use as palaeoenvironmental proxies.LocationNorth America within W178°, W14°, N83°, N7° and Europe within W32°, E35°, N80°, N35°.Major taxa studied575 and 124 land mammal species from North America and Europe.MethodsK‐means clustering was used to subdivide North America and Europe into distinct faunas ranging in number from 3 (largest scale) to 21 (smallest scale). Each set of faunas was tested for significant differences in climate (mean annual precipitation, mean annual temperature) and functional traits (body mass, locomotion and diet).ResultsIn North America, climatic differentiation exists at the scale where mammals are divided into 11 or fewer distinct faunas and, in Europe, at the scale where there are five or fewer faunas. Functional trait differentiation in body mass occurs at a larger spatial scale in North America (8 distinct faunas), but locomotor differentiation is present at all spatial scales, and dietary differentiation is not present at any scale. No significant differentiation in any functional trait at any scale was found in Europe.Main conclusionsFaunal clusters can be constructed at any spatial scale, but clusters are climatically and functionally meaningful only at larger scales. Climatic (and environmental) differences and their associated functional trait specialisations are likely to be barriers to large‐scale mixing. We argue, therefore, that functionally and climatically distinct faunal clusters are the entities that form regional species pools for community assembly processes. In North America, there are eight such mammal pools, but only one in Europe. Since the functional traits in our study are observable in the fossil record, functional trait analysis can potentially be used to diagnose climatically distinct regions in the past.
An TRIM59‐CDK6 axis regulates growth and metastasis of lung cancer
Authors: Geng Biao , Liang Manman , qin Lilong , Zhao Wenying , wang Hanli , wang Lijing , pan Xianhui , Chen Xingwu 
Published: December 2018

AbstractLung cancer (LC) is a devastating malignancy with no effective treatments, due to its complex genomic profile. Using bioinformatics analysis and immunohistochemical of lung carcinoma tissues, we show that TRIM59 as a critical oncoprotein relating to LC proliferation and metastasis. In this study, high TRIM59 expression was significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, and tumour stage. Furthermore, up‐regulation of TRIM59 expression correlated with poorer outcomes in LC patients. Mechanistically, TRIM59 play a key role in promoting LC growth and metastasis through regulation of extracellular‐signal regulated protein kinase (ERK) signalling pathway and epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition (EMT)‐markers, as validated by loss‐of‐function studies. In‐depth bioinformatics analysis showed that there is preliminary evidence of co‐expression of TRIM59 and cyclin dependent kinase 6 (CDK6) in LC. Notably, CDK6 expression significantly decreased when TRIM59 was knocked down in the LC cells. In contrast, exogenous up‐regulation of TRIM59 expression also induced significant increases in the expression of CDK6. Moreover, the expression of CDK6 was also inhibited by the ERK signalling inhibitor, U0126. The results of both loss‐ and gain‐of‐function studies showed that TRIM59 could regulate the expression of CDK6. Collectively, these data provide evidence that TRIM59 is involved in lung carcinoma growth and progression possibly through the induction of CDK6 expression and EMT process by activation of ERK pathway.
Team formation with complementary skills
Authors: Büyükboyaci Mürüvvet , Robbett Andrea 
Published: December 2018

AbstractOne explanation for the prevalence of self‐managed work teams is that they enable workers with complementary skills to specialize in the tasks they do best, a benefit that may be enhanced if workers can sort themselves into teams. To assess this explanation, we design a real‐effort experiment to study the endogenous formation of teams, and its effect on productivity, when specialization either is or is not feasible. We find a strong positive interaction between endogenous team formation and the ability to specialize, indicating that endogenous team formation is a particularly effective mechanism for promoting team output in production environments that enable the exploitation of skill complementarities.
Circulating serum level of retinoic acid and hip fractures among postmenopausal women
Authors: Li Xiao‐Bin , Liu Tao , Fan Lei , Gao Qiang , Peng Qiang , Cai Teng , Wang Li‐Min 
Published: December 2018

PURPOSEThe aim of this study was to evaluate the serum levels of retinoic acid (RA), an active form of vitamin A, in postmenopausal women with hip fractures from Zhengzhou, China.METHODSThis was a case‐control study from the Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University. Serum samples were drawn from 375 postmenopausal women who were diagnosed as having hip fracture and 750 matched controls without fracture. Serum RA levels were evaluated as both a continuous variable and a categorical variable in quintiles.RESULTSThe results showed that the serum levels of RA were significantly (P = .039) higher in patients with hip fracture compared with controls. In univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis, for each 1 ng/mL increase of serum level of RA, the unadjusted and adjusted risk of hip fracture would be increased by 5% (odds ratio [OR] = 1.05; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.00‐1.10; P = .035) and 2% (OR = 1.02; 95% CI = 0.95‐1.11; P = .096), respectively. In multivariate models comparing the fifth with the third quintiles of RA, the RA was associated with hip fracture, and adjusted risk of hip fracture would be increased by 52% (OR = 1.52; 95% CI = 1.13‐1.42; P = .011).CONCLUSIONSThe results of our study suggest that subclinical higher levels of RA may increase the risk of hip fracture in postmenopausal women, particularly among the top quintile of serum RA. J Am Geriatr Soc 67:336–341, 2019.
Towards an understanding of compassion from an Islamic perspective
Authors: Alharbi Jalal , Al Hadid Lourance 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAimsTo explore the concept of compassion as represented in Islamic virtues and how it influences the practice of nurses.BackgroundIslam is one of the world's major religions. Yet, an Islamic perspective of compassion is not well understood in the Western nursing literature. Current understandings of compassion are largely drawn from a Western or Buddhist perspective.DesignDiscursive paper.MethodsThis is a review of literature and Islamic texts on the presence, meaning and practices of compassion that are relevant to our understanding of compassion in the contemporary nursing practice.ConclusionsA compassionate Muslim nurse is a person who gives without asking for something in return, a person who cares without conditions and a person who seeks to achieve the happiness of others. Therefore, Islam, like many other religions, endorses compassionate care in all aspects, and this is particularly emphasised in nurses.Relevance to clinical practiceThis paper also provides an insight into how a Muslim patient perceives different experiences of health and illness, supported by quotes from the Islamic contextual heritage, and how a nurse within this culture is expected to behave.
Effect of DNA damage of cumulus oophorus cells and lymphocytes analyzed by alkaline comet assay on oocyte quality and intracytoplasmic sperm injection success among patients with polycystic ovary syndrome
Authors: Tola Esra N. , Koşar Pınar A. , Karatopuk Dilek U. , Sancer Okan , Oral Baha 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAimCumulus oophorus cells (COC) exhibit a close relationship with the oocytes. We aimed to determine the role of the DNA integrity of COC and lymphocytes on the oocyte and embryo quality and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) success.MethodsThe COC obtained with the mechanical denudation of each oocyte and the lymphocytes obtained on oocyte retrieval day from 69 infertile polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients were used. The tail length, tail moment and tail DNA percentage were evaluated using an alkaline comet assay. The oocytes and embryos were graded. Clinical pregnancy was defined as the presence of a gestational sac with a beating heart.ResultsAll of the DNA integrity parameters of the COC and lymphocytes were similar between the good and poor quality oocytes and between the good and poor quality embryos. There was no relationship between the DNA damage parameters and the fertilization and clinical pregnancy. The day 2 hormone levels, body mass index and age were negatively correlated with the DNA integrity parameters. No links were found between the embryo and oocyte scores and the DNA damage parameters.ConclusionThe DNA integrity of the COC and lymphocytes did not seem to be related to the oocyte and embryo quality and ICSI success.
Impact of endometrial thickness during menstruation and endometrial scratching on the pregnancy in frozen–thawed embryo transfer
Authors: Liu Wen‐juan , Nong Ying‐qi , Ruan Jian‐xing , Chen Ye , Fan Lin , Huang Qian‐wen , Liu Feng‐hua 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAimThis study aimed to investigate the impact of endometrial thickness (EMT) during menstruation and endometrial scratching on the pregnancy in frozen–thawed embryo transfer (FET).MethodsAbout 1298 patients receiving FET were retrospectively analyzed and divided according to EMT on the 4th or 5th day of menstruation. Group A: EMT ≤ 3.0 mm; Group B: EMT 3.1–5.0 mm; Group C: EMT 5.1–7.0 mm and Group D: EMT > 7.0 mm. Patients in Group D were further divided to scratching group and nonscratching group. Endometrial growth was defined as the change in EMT from 4th or 5th day of menstruation to the day of embryo transferred.ResultsWe found no significant differences in general conditions among four groups (P > 0.05). The average EMT during menstruation and differences in inter‐group endometrial growth of four groups had statistical significance (P < 0.05). The pregnancy rate and implantation rate of Group D were significantly lower than other groups (P < 0.001). Pregnancy rate (68.29% vs 53.26%) and implantation rate (52.67% vs 36.34%) in endometrial scratching group were higher than those in nonscratching group (P < 0.05).ConclusionHigher EMT during menstruation adversely affects pregnancy outcomes following FET. Endometrial scratching may improve the receptivity of endometrium and increase the rate of embryo implantation and pregnancy.
From high definition precision healthcare to precision public oral health: opportunities and challenges
Authors: Slavkin Harold C. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractIn anticipation of a major transformation in healthcare, this review provides highlights that anticipate the near future for oral public health (and beyond). Personalized or precision healthcare reflects the expectation that advances in genomics, imaging, and other domains will extend our risk assessment, diagnostic, and prognostic capabilities, and enables more effective prevention and therapeutic options for all Americans. Meanwhile, the current healthcare system does not meet cost, access, or quality criteria for all Americans. It is now an imperative that the success of “smart,” quality, and cost‐effective high definition precision healthcare requires a public health perspective for several reasons: a) to enhance generalizability, b) to assess methods of implementation, and c) to focus on both risk and prevention in large and small populations, thereby providing a balance between the generation of long‐term knowledge and short‐term health gains. Sensitivity and resolution, reasonable cost, access to all Americans, coordinated comprehensive care, and advances in whole genome sequencing (WGS) and big data analyses, coupled to other advances in biotechnology and digital/artificial intelligence/machine learning devices, and the behavioral, social, and environmental sciences, offer remarkable opportunities to improve the health and wellness of the American people [genotype + phenotype + environment + behavior = high definition healthcare]. The opportunity is to significantly improve the well‐being and life expectancy of all people across the lifespan including the least‐advantaged people in our society and potentially increase access, reduce the national costs, and improve health outcomes.
Isolation and expression analysis of a candidate gametophyte sex determination gene (sjhmg) of kelp (Saccharina japonica)
Authors: Zhang Linan , Li Jinku , Wu Hao , Li Yingxia 
Published: December 2018

Saccharina japonica undergoes an alternating life cycle during which the diploid sporophyte generation alternates with the happloid gametophyte generation. Saccharina japonica uses the UV sex determination system to determine the sex of its haploid gametophytes. However, the sex‐determining genes and the sex‐determining mechanisms of kelp gametophytes have not been thoroughly elucidated to date. In this study, a kelp HMG‐box‐containing gene (SjHMG), which is located within the sex determination region of S. japonica, was isolated and characterized. SjHMG contained an open reading frame of 1,266 bp in length and encoded a deduced protein of 421 amino acid residues with two HMG‐box domains. Phylogenetic analysis showed the strongest relationship between SjHMG and its orthologs in brown algae. An alternatively spliced transcript (SjHMG isoform‐2) encoding a protein of 256 amino acid residues was also identified. The two isoforms were specific for male gametophytes. A real‐time quantitative PCR analysis showed significantly higher abundances of two isoforms in immature male gametophytes than in mature ones. These findings suggested that the SjHMG gene is a candidate male gametophyte determination gene of kelp. In addition, the abundance of SjHMG isoform‐2 transcripts was significantly lower than that of SjHMG isoform‐1 transcripts, and only an HMG‐box domain was conserved among species in the order Laminariales, which indicated that the gene is specifically involved in sex regulation in some species of the order Laminariales by alternative splicing.
Durable control of hepatitis C through interferon‐free antiviral combination therapy immediately prior to allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Rauwolf Kerstin , Herbrüggen Heidi , Zöllner Stefan , Thorer Heike , Makarova Olga , Kaiser Thomas , Pettke Aleksandra , Rossig Claudia , Burkhardt Birgit , Groll Andreas H. 
Published: December 2018

SummaryChronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection carries increased risks for morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) but has become curable through the advent of directly acting antiviral compounds. Current guidelines of the American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (ASBMT) recommend that HCV‐infected HSCT candidates preferably start and complete therapy prior to transplant. However, this is often not feasible due to time constraints or treatment‐limiting comorbidities, conditions and treatments. For these reasons, data on the safety of antiviral treatment, its efficacy to achieve durable eradication of the virus until full immune recovery, and late effects of former HCV infection in patients receiving HSCT are unknown. Here, we report the course of two paediatric patients with chronic HCV infection who received a full course of directly acting antivirals prior to allogeneic HSCT and achieved and maintained viral eradication throughout transplantation until complete immune recovery.
Advancing the use of morphometric data for estimating and managing common bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) mass
Authors: Lauderdale Lisa K. , Messinger Cheryl , Wells Randall S. , Mitchell Kevin A. , Messinger Douglas , Stacey Rita , Miller Lance J. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractKnowledge of a dolphin's body mass is central to establishing body condition, comparing across individuals, and designing successful management programs. In the present study, sex‐specific prediction equations for estimating body mass were generated from morphometrics (i.e., length and girth) and ages of bottlenose dolphins residing under professionally managed care. Measurements of wild dolphins in Sarasota Bay, Florida, were used to generate sex‐specific body mass reference ranges. Gompertz growth models were fitted to length measurements and age to compare growth across populations. From the regression analyses, the body mass of managed females (R2= 0.937), managed males (R2= 0.953), wild females (R2= 0.979), and wild males (R2= 0.972) were predicted with high levels of accuracy. Managed adults had similar or longer asymptotic lengths compared to their wild conspecifics. To apply this information, ZooMorphTrak, a mobile software application, was developed to provide a new resource for management. The “Approximate” feature was designed to approximate body mass based on user inputs of individual morphometrics. The “Management” feature compared a managed dolphin's known body mass with respect to body mass reference ranges generated from wild dolphins. ZooMorphTrak, developed by the Chicago Zoological Society, is available for download athttp://itunes.apple.com.
Resveratrol supplementation significantly influences obesity measures: a systematic review and dose–response meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Mousavi S. M. , Milajerdi A. , Sheikhi A. , Kord‐Varkaneh H. , Feinle‐Bisset C. , Larijani B. , Esmaillzadeh A. 
Published: December 2018

SummaryThis study aimed to summarize earlier randomized controlled trials on the effects of resveratrol supplementation on body weight (BW), body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and fat mass (FM). We searched PubMed, SCOPUS, Cochrane Library and Google Scholar from inception to April 2018 using relevant keywords. All clinical trials investigating the effects of resveratrol supplementation on BW, BMI, WC and FM in adults were included. Overall, 28 trials were included. Pooled effect sizes suggested a significant effect of resveratrol administration on weight (weighted mean differences [WMD]: −0.51 kg, 95% confidence interval [CI]: −0.94 to −0.09; I2 = 50.3%, P = 0.02), BMI (WMD: −0.17 kg m−2, 95% CI: −0.32, −0.03; I2 = 49.6%, P = 0.02) and WC (WMD: −0.79 cm, 95% CI: −1.39, −0.2; I2 = 13.4%, P = 0.009), respectively. However, no significant effect of resveratrol supplementation on FM was found (WMD: −0.36%, 95% CI: −0.88, 0.15; I2 = 0.0%, P = 0.16). Findings from subgroup analysis revealed a significant reduction in BW and BMI in trials using resveratrol at the dosage of <500 mg d−1, those with long‐term interventions (≥3 month), and performed on people with obesity. Taken together, the data suggest that resveratrol supplementation has beneficial effects to reduce BW, BMI and WC, but not FM.
A systematic review of neighbourhood economic context on child obesity and obesity‐related behaviours
Authors: Kim Y. , Cubbin C. , Oh S. 
Published: December 2018

SummaryChildhood obesity is of great importance given a third of children in the USA are overweight or obese. Previous research has examined neighbourhood economic context in relation to children's obesity and obesity‐rated behaviours. However, different definitions and measures of neighbourhood context make it difficult to compare findings and make definitive conclusions. This review is to synthesize studies assessing the associations between neighbourhood economic context and children's obesity or obesity‐related behaviours. The review included 39 studies investigating the relationship between residential neighbourhood economic context and children's obesity, dietary habits or physical activity after controlling for family‐level economic status. Studies reported mixed results in the relationship between neighbourhood economic indicators and child obesity outcomes. Of reviewed studies, 60% showed an inverse association between higher neighbourhood economic status and obesity, and 33% and 14% showed positive associations between higher neighbourhood economic status and healthy dietary habits or physical activity. Several studies suggested gender, age, race/ethnicity, individual‐level economic status, rurality and social connectedness as moderators in the neighbourhood‐obesity association. Findings suggest that, in order to move towards causal inferences and inform interventions, future research should examine neighbourhood impacts longitudinally and test theory‐driven mediators and moderators to clarify the mechanisms by which neighbourhoods influence child obesity.