bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Seabird bycatch vulnerability to pelagic longline fisheries: Ecological traits matter
Authors: Zhou Can , Jiao Yan , Browder Joan 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Fisheries bycatch of seabirds presents a serious management problem, and relatively little is known about this problem. In the Western North Atlantic, the issue is complicated by the relatively low effort and coverage of the observer programme and the high uncertainty in species identification.
The Western North Atlantic is home to many endemic and endangered seabird populations, and the impact of fishery‐caused seabird bycatch has been of high interest, especially for those species with a low population size; however, species‐specific bycatch estimates have been difficult. From 1992 to 2016, 158 seabirds were observed caught by the US Atlantic pelagic longline fleet; among them, only 80 were identified to species, 25 were identified to family, and the rest – mainly in the older records – were unidentified.
In this study, ecological traits of seabirds were used to improve bycatch estimation and provide species‐specific risk analysis to all the potentially affected seabird species in this region. Bayesian state–space modelling was used to accommodate the high level of uncertainty in the species identification process.
Seabird bycatch risk was found to be highly dependent on population size. The group of large seabird species was estimated to be two times as vulnerable as the group of mid‐to‐small seabird species, scavenging and plunge‐diving feeding modes were identified as imposing high bycatch risks, and spatial and temporal distribution patterns were also good indicators of bycatch risk. Based on these ecological traits, shearwaters, gulls, gannets, and petrels were identified to potentially suffer from high bycatch in this region. These species, especially those that have not been identified historically, deserve extra attention in the observer programme, and for the implementation of conservation measures of seabirds in this region.
Tuning Interfacial Cu‐O Atomic Structures for Enhanced Catalytic Applications
Authors: Sun Shaodong , Zhang Xin , Cui Jie , Yang Qing , Liang Shuhua 
Published: July 2019

AbstractCu2O/CuOx (x=0, 1) nanocomposites with well‐defined morphologies have been widely applied in catalytic reactions. However, people still understand less about tuning interfacial Cu‐O atomic structures for enhanced catalytic applications, and a special review on this topic has not been reported so far. Herein, we summarize our understanding on tuning interfacial Cu‐O atomic structures based on the literature, including the formation as well as evolution mechanism of Cu‐O interfaces in Cu2O/CuO and Cu2O/Cu systems, and the improved performances in the fields of CO oxidation, NOx oxidation, photoelectrocatalysis, water gas shift reaction, photodegradation of organic dyes, hydrogen evolution, and photoreduction of CO2. Finally, we briefly propose several potential research directions.
Querkraftversuche an profilierten Spannbetonträgern aus UHPFRC
Authors: Schramm Nicholas , Fischer Oliver 
Published: July 2019

AbstractUltrahochfester faserbewehrter Beton (UHPFRC) ist ein Faserverbundwerkstoff, der durch sehr hohe Dichtigkeit und Festigkeiten charakterisiert ist. Dadurch ergeben sich im Fertigteilbau, insbesondere für Spannbetonträger, völlig neue Möglichkeiten für gewichtsreduzierte, schlanke und dauerhafte Konstruktionen. Der Querkrafttragfähigkeit der zumeist profilierten, vorgespannten Binder mit dünnen Stegen ist dabei besondere Aufmerksamkeit zu schenken. In diesem Zusammenhang wurden am Lehrstuhl für Massivbau der Technischen Universität München (TUM) 14 Querkraftversuche an Spannbettträgern mit profiliertem Querschnitt unter Variation der Querschnittshöhe, des Vorspanngrads sowie des Fasergehalts und der Querkraftbewehrung durchgeführt. Für die Versuche wurde ein neuartiger Versuchsstand verwendet, der es ermöglicht, lediglich Trägerausschnitte (in diesem Fall halbe Träger unter Ausnutzung der Symmetrie) experimentell zu untersuchen. Der vorliegende Beitrag geht auf die Ergebnisse der Versuche, insbesondere in Bezug auf die wesentlichen Einflüsse der variierten Parameter, ein.
Development of green sodium sulfate‐induced solidification of floating organic droplets–dispersive liquid phase microextraction method: Application to extraction of four antidepressants
Authors: Mohebbi Ali , Farajzadeh Mir Ali , Nemati Mahboob , Sarhangi Negin , Afshar Mogaddam Mohammad Reza 
Published: July 2019

AbstractSodium sulfate‐induced deep eutectic solvent–based solidification of floating organic droplets–dispersive liquid phase microextraction was developed prior to gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. In this method, a mixture of Na2SO4 solution (as phase separation agent and disperser) containing menthol–decanoic acid was rapidly injected into an alkaline aqueous solution containing Na2SO4. The solution was placed in an ice bath and the menthol–decanoic acid solvent was solidified on the surface of the solution. Under the optimal conditions, the enrichment factors and extraction recoveries were 122–147 and 74–89%, respectively. Finally, an aliquot of the collected organic phase was removed and mixed with acetonitrile and injected into the separation system. The limits of detection and lower limits of quantification were obtained at the ranges of 13–25 and 24–41 ng L−1, respectively. The relative standard deviations of the proposed method were ≤11% for intra‐ and inter‐day precisions at four concentrations.
Enhancing Protein A performance in mAb processing: A method to reduce and rapidly evaluate host cell DNA levels during primary clarification
Authors: Koehler Kenneth C. , Jokondo Zona , Narayan Janani , Voloshin Alexei M. , Castro‐Forero Angelines A. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe use and impact of 3M™ Emphaze™ AEX Hybrid Purifier, a single‐use, fully synthetic chromatographic product, was explored to reduce host cell DNA (HC‐DNA) concentration during the primary clarification of a monoclonal antibody (mAb). An approximately 5‐log reduction in HC‐DNA was achieved at an Emphaze AEX Hybrid Purifier throughput of 200 L/m2. The appreciable reduction in HC‐DNA achieved during primary clarification enhanced Protein A chromatography performance, resulting in a sharper and narrower elution profile. In addition, a 24× improvement in host cell protein (HCP) removal and fewer impurities nonspecifically bound to the Protein A column were observed compared to those resulting from the use of depth filtration for clarification. The use of a rapid, qualitative acidification assay to facilitate HC‐DNA monitoring was also investigated. This assay involves the acidification‐induced precipitation of HC‐DNA, enabling the easy and rapid detection of DNA breakthrough across purification media such as Emphaze AEX Hybrid Purifier by means of turbidimetric and particle size measurements.
Quercetin shows anti‐tumor effect in hepatocellular carcinoma LM3 cells by abrogating JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway
Authors: Wu Liwei , Li Jingjing , Liu Tong , Li Sainan , Feng Jiao , Yu Qiang , Zhang Jie , Chen Jiaojiao , Zhou Yuting , Ji Jie , Chen Kan , Mao Yuqing , Wang Fan , Dai Weiqi , Fan Xiaoming , Wu Jianye , Guo Chuanyong 
Published: July 2019

AbstractObjectiveHepatocellular carcinima is one of the most common tumors in clinic and also one of the leading causes of death from cancer worldwide. Quercetin shows significant effects on blocking the development of various cancers.MethodsWe used the human hepatocellular carcinoma LM3 and nude mice tumor model to assess the effects of quercetin in hepatocellular carcinoma and clarify its mechanism of action. We collected LM3 cell line treated with different doses of quercetin at different time periods and determined the vital indexes. The liver tissues of mice were collected and used for western boltting (WB), Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) and TUNEL staining.ResultsResults indicated that quercetin suppressed the Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) growth both in vivo and in vitro. Quercetin could disturb LM3 cells proliferation and cell cycle distribution, thus inducing apoptosis. At the same time, quercetin inhibited LM3 cells migration and invasion and promoted HCC autophagy. These effects at least partly depended on the down‐regulation of the activation of JAK2 and STAT3 by quercetin.ConclusionQuercetin inhibited hepatocellular carcinoma progression by modulating cell apoptosis, migration, invasion, and autophagy; and its effects were at least partly related with the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway.
Inverse association of Helicobacter pylori cagPAI genotypes with risk of cardia and non‐cardia gastric adenocarcinoma
Authors: Bakhti Seyedeh Zahra , Latifi‐Navid Saeid , Zahri Saber , Yazdanbod Abbas 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIran is a high‐risk country for cardia gastric adenocarcinoma (CGA) in Central Asia, with an incidence rate five times the average global rate, and shows a high infection rate for Helicobacter pylori (69%). The aim was to examine the associations of multiple H. pylori cagPAI genotypes (ie cagH, cagL, cagG, and orf17) with the risk of CGA, non‐CGA, and different histological types of GA in Iran. A large number of H. pylori strains (N = 336) were successfully cultured and genotyped. Histopathological evaluations were performed. The analysis showed an inverse association between the cagH+ genotype and the risk of CGA and intestinal‐type gastric adenocarcinoma (IGA) (adjusted ORs; 0.312 and 0.283, respectively), where the controls were nontumors. The orf17+ genotype decreased the risk of non‐CGA and diffuse‐type gastric adenocarcinoma (DGA)(adjusted ORs; 0.310 and 0.356, respectively). When the controls were those with nonatrophic gastritis, the cagG+ genotype was negatively associated with the risk of CGA, non‐CGA, IGA, and DGA (adjusted ORs; 0.324, 0.366, 0.306, and 0.303, respectively). We did not find such a significant association for the cagL+ genotype in multiple logistic regression analysis. Combination of the vacA c2 and cagPAI genotypes further decreased the risk estimates for GAs. This study showed the reverse association of H. pylori cagPAI genotypes—cagH+ and cagG+—with the risk of CGA in male patients aged ≥ 55 in Iran. Presence of the vacA c2 genotype in combination with cagPAI genotypes showed strong inverse associations with the risk of CGA and non‐CGA. These findings may reveal a coordinated relationship between the vacA c2 and cagPAI genotypes.
Selenoprotein M stimulates the proliferative and metastatic capacities of renal cell carcinoma through activating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway
Authors: Jiang Hao , Shi Qian‐Qian , Ge Li‐Yuan , Zhuang Qian‐Feng , Xue Dong , Xu Hai‐Yan , He Xiao‐Zhou 
Published: July 2019

AbstractHigh‐throughput sequencing methods have facilitated the identification of novel selenoproteins, which exert a vital role in the development and progression of tumor diseases. Recently, Selenoprotein M (SELM) is upregulated in several types of cancer. However, the biological roles of SELM in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) remain unclear. In this paper, quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT‐PCR) and Western blot were used to measure relative levels of SELM in a cohort of RCC tissues with matched normal tissues as well as human RCC cell lines. SELM expression was found to be upregulated in RCC. High level of SELM was related to poor prognosis of RCC. Furthermore, silence of SELM could inhibit the in vitro proliferative, migratory, and invasive capacities of RCC. In addition, downregulated SELM could impede in vivo tumorigenesis of RCC. SELM could activate the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway and mediate expressions of matrix metallopeptidase 2 and 9 (MMP2, MMP9). In conclusion, our study reveals the oncogenic function of SELM in RCC, and SELM may be a therapeutic and prognostic target for RCC.
Use of the Gore Viabahn VBX balloon‐expandable endoprosthesis in the congenital heart disease population
Authors: Cole Jason M. , Salavitabar Arash , Armstrong Aimee K. , Berman Darren P. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe Gore Viabahn VBX balloon‐expandable endoprosthesis (W. L. Gore & Associates, Flagstaff, AZ) is a flexible covered stent that is FDA‐approved for the treatment of iliac artery stenosis, including lesions at the aortic bifurcation. In this case series, we report the first use of the VBX covered stent in congenital heart disease, highlighting several of its unique advantages.
Transition Metal Catalyzed Reductive Cyclization Reactions of Nitroarenes and Nitroalkenes
Authors: Ferretti Francesco , Ramadan Doaa R. , Ragaini Fabio 
Published: July 2019

AbstractNitroarenes are the entry point for the production of most nitrogen‐containing aromatic compounds. Thus, any transformation that leads directly from them to the final product allows saving one or more synthetic steps. This review deals with homogeneously catalyzed reactions leading to the formation of N‐heterocyclic compounds from nitroarenes or nitroalkenes in one pot. Reactions that lead to the intermediate formation of amines are not considered. Carbon monoxide is the most often employed reductant because it allows selective reactions, is cheap, and only produces CO2 as stoichiometric byproduct. However, the difficulty in handling pressurized CO has stimulated in recent years the development of CO‐surrogates, that is molecules able to liberate CO during the reaction. The use of phosphines and diols has also been developed in conjunction with molybdenum catalysts. The review focusses in more detail on the literature in the period 2006–2018, but reference to earlier work is made when necessary to put recent results in a more general context.
Free‐Standing N‐doped Reduced Graphene Oxide Papers Decorated with Iron Oxide Nanoparticles: Stable Supercapacitor Electrodes
Authors: Beyazay Tugce , Oztuna F. Eylul Sarac , Unal Ozlem , Acar Havva Yagci , Unal Ugur 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIn this study, graphene oxide paper is obtained via vacuum‐assisted filtration of graphene oxide solution to prepare self‐standing electrodes for supercapacitors. Simultaneous reduction and N‐doping of graphene oxide paper are performed by chemical reduction followed by thermal annealing. Influence of different reduction techniques on the electrochemical properties of the self‐standing papers is investigated. N‐doped reduced graphene oxide papers are decorated with iron oxide nanoparticles to increase the energy density of the material. Increasing the amount of iron oxide nanoparticles in the composite paper results in enhanced capacitance. In the galvanostatic charge‐discharge measurements, iron oxide/N‐doped reduced graphene oxide electrode exhibits specific capacitance of 203 F g−1at 0.5 mA cm−2. This value is remarkable since the electrode has a high mass loading of 2 mg cm−2, which shows that the electrode can be used for practical purposes. Moreover, these electrodes operate in a wide potential window (1.6 V) and exhibit 79 % capacitance retention at 10000 cycles.
β‐amyloid and tau pathology in the aging feline brain
Authors: Fiock Kimberly L. , Smith Jodi D. , Crary John F. , Hefti Marco M. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractDomestic cats (Felis catus) are known to develop cognitive impairment, and several small series have demonstrated both β‐amyloid and tau aggregation, including neurofibrillary tangles, with age, making them a promising physiologic model of Alzheimer disease (AD). We therefore report the largest feline autopsy cohort to date of 32 cats ranging from 1.5 to 22.1 years of age, with systematic neuropathologic assessment according to NIA‐Alzheimer's Association Criteria. Formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded tissue sections of brain were obtained retrospectively from cats autopsied at the Iowa State College of Veterinary Medicine. We found β‐amyloid staining, predominantly in Cortical Layers IV and VI in 27 of the 32 cats used in the study, with four of these animals showing tau‐positive tangles and neuropil threads. In 75% of these cases (3/4), tau deposition was limited to entorhinal cortex, while one case showed diffuse positive staining throughout the hippocampal formation and neocortex. This last case showed positive staining for all phospho‐tau‐specific antibodies tested, similar to the pattern seen in human AD. Interestingly, we saw a higher ratio of pretangles to tangles than that in human AD, and none of the cases showed neuritic plaques on any of the stains used. Our findings indicate that aging domestic cats spontaneously develop both β‐amyloid and tau pathology similar, but not identical to that seen in human AD. This suggests that the domestic cat may serve as a potential model for mechanistic and therapeutic AD studies, but that additional research is needed to identify differences between the neuropathology of aging in humans and felines.
Exploring sustainable governance: Compliance with the Italian related party transactions regulation for the legal protection of minority shareholders
Authors: Maglio Roberto , Rey Andrea , Agliata Francesco , Lombardi Rosa 
Published: July 2019

AbstractRegarding the development of sustainable governance systems, many regulators have issued and developed self‐regulatory codes defining the characteristics and ideal features of government models. The adoption of codes of good governance could serve as a mechanism to increase the level of legal protection for minority shareholders. Thus, this paper aims to measure the effective compliance by Italian listed companies with the Italian Code's recommendations on related party transactions and to assess the level of legal protection for minority shareholders in the Italian stock market. Using a quantitative method, our findings suggest that FTSE MIB companies are effectively compliant and that public utilities companies are as well. We also carried out an ordinary least squares (OLS) regression and found that companies with a higher market value and a greater presence of independent and non‐executive directors assure a higher level of compliance. We observed that widely held firms have a positive effect on the level of legal protection for the minority shareholders. Our paper contributes to enriching the sustainable governance models, and it is directed to academic and practical communities.
Oxygen‐Functionalized and Ni+x (x=2, 3)‐Coordinated Graphitic Carbon Nitride Nanosheets with Long‐Life Deep‐Trap States and their Direct Solar‐Light‐Driven Hydrogen Evolution Activity
Authors: Lakhera Sandeep Kumar , Pangal Rugma Thekke , Hafeez Hafeez Yusuf , Neppolian Bernaurdshaw 
Published: July 2019

AbstractGraphitic carbon nitride, a 2 D layered photocatalyst coupled with transition metal oxides often shows promising photocatalytic hydrogen evolution activity. However, low surface area and poor charge separation greatly hinder its photocatalytic efficiency. A Ni+x(x=2, 3)/O−g‐C3N4 photocatalyst with a very high specific surface area (199 m2 g−1) has been prepared by thermal condensation and wet‐impregnation methods. The oxygen‐functionalized and Ni+x(x=2, 3)‐coordinated g‐C3N4 produced 1664 μmol g−1 of hydrogen evolution from water under direct solar light irradiation in 4 h, which is 23 times higher than that over O−g‐C3N4. This significant enhancement results from the combined effects of large surface area, the formation of long‐life deep‐trap states, effective charge carrier separation, and extended visible light absorption. The separation and transport behavior of the charge carriers are investigated by photoluminescence, time‐resolved photoluminescence, photocurrent and Mott–Schottky measurements. Additionally, the interaction between Ni+x(x=2, 3) and O−g‐C3N4 is studied by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, and FTIR spectroscopy. The Ni+x(x=2, 3)/O−g‐C3N4 photocatalyst shows remarkable reusability over a period of two months (six cycles). This study may provide a pathway to simultaneously overcome the challenges of low surface area and poor charge separation in g‐C3N4‐based photocatalysts.
Advances of In Vivo Flow Cytometry on Cancer Studies
Authors: Suo Yuanzhen , Gu Zhenqin , Wei Xunbin 
Published: July 2019

AbstractCancer is a big threat to human life. Asia has about 60% of the global population and accounts for half of global cancer incidence and mortality. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) have been a good biomarker for cancer diagnosis, staging, and prognosis. Conventional detection methods of CTCs require drawing blood. It may disturb the biological environment and limited real‐time monitoring. in vivo flow cytometry (IVFC) is a burgeoning technique that allows noninvasive detection of CTCs in vivo. Here, we review the technical development of IVFC based on various contrast principles, including fluorescence IVFC, photoacoustic IVFC, imaging IVFC, and label‐free IVFC. This powerful tool has been applied widely in many areas of cancer‐related studies, especially the CTC studies. We review applications of IVFC in preclinical studies on prevalent cancers in Asia, including liver cancer, blood cancer, and so forth. Other cancer‐related studies in breast cancer, prostate cancer, cancer‐related stem cell research and drug studies are also reviewed. © 2019 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
Anorexia nervosa and depression in a 5‐year‐old girl: Treatment with focused family play therapy and medication
Authors: Chatoor Irene , Webb Lauren E. , Kerzner Benny 
Published: July 2019

AbstractObjectiveThe current case presentation examines the treatment and recovery of a 5‐year‐old girl diagnosed with comorbid anorexia nervosa and major depressive disorder. Researchers have shown that children as young as 3‐years‐old may be dissatisfied with their bodies and have concerns about their weight. This case presentation of a 5‐year‐old child demonstrates that the age range defining early onset of eating disorders can span into early childhood, which requires treatment tailored to the developmental level of these young children.MethodA new method “focused family play therapy” was applied. It goes beyond free play or structured play therapy, in that the therapist involves the parents in the play and not only models the situation which creates the child's fears, but also shows through dolls how to be brave and overcome the fears.ResultsThe current case report demonstrates how the combination of refeeding the child during family meals, participating in focused family play therapy to help the child overcome her fears of eating, and prescribing sertraline to treat her depression was an effective treatment for both the anorexia nervosa and depression.DiscussionThis technique may be effective with children ranging in age from 3 to 6 years.