bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antimicrobial resistance pattern of Escherichia coli strains isolated from poultry farmers and poultry slaughterers in Morocco
Authors: Abdellah CHAIBA , Fouzia Rhazi Filali 
Published: July 2018

Aim: The objective of this study is to characterize the prevalence of antibiotic resistance in Escherichia coli isolates from the fecal samples of poultry workers, and to study the possible dissemination of resistant E. coli from poultry to humans.
Methodology: Sixty four E. coli strains isolated from the fecal samples of poultry workers and 35 isolates from a control group workers were tested for antibiotic resistance by agar disk diffusion with 11 antimicrobial agents.
Results: Resistance of E. coli isolated from poultry workers to tetracycline, ampicillin and norfloxacin were significantly (p < 0,05) higher than those isolated from the control group. All E. coli isolates were susceptible to cefotaxime, and most of them are susceptible to gentamycin, amikacin, cefoxitin and ertapenem. Multidrug resistance is alarmingly high in all groups, but was highest in poultry farmers isolates (84%) and poultry slaughterers isolates (80%). Approximately 25 % of the isolates of poultry workers showed resistance to four or more antibiotics.
Conclusion: This study implies that occupational exposure to antimicrobial-resistant E. coli from animal contact in the broiler chicken industry may be an important route of entry for antimicrobial-resistant E. coli into the community.
Keywords : Escherichia coli ; Poultry Workers ; Antibiotic Resistance ; Multidrug Resistance ; Morocco.
Endodontic management of root perforating internal replacement resorption
Authors: Subay Rustem Kemal , Subay Melike Ordulu , Tuzcu Sirin Baloglu 
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACTThis case report presents the management of a case of rarely seen perforating internal replacement resorption using calcium hydroxide (CH) medication and mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) root canal obturation. A maxillary central incisor of a 20-year-old female was showing a sinus track on the mucosa. Radiographically, an irregularly shaped and perforating internal resorption area was seen at the middle third of the root canal. Appearances of the bone-like fuzzy material were observed inside the resorption site. The apical part of the canal was obliterated. Following 3 months of CH medication, the canal and the perforation were obturated with MTA filling. At 6-year follow-up, the tooth was clinically asymptomatic and showing radiographical appearances of the hard tissue repair, resembling a barrier and periodontal membrane healing around MTA at the perforation site.
Evaluation of important mineral nutrients and vitamins in polyherbal medicines used for the treatment of tuberculosis in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa
Authors: Famewo Elizabeth Bosede , Clarke Anna Maria , Afolayan Anthony Jide 
Published: July 2018

<p>Polyherbal medicines are widely used for the treatment of various diseases in the developing countries. In order to validate their ability in boosting the immune system of tuberculosis patients, the mineral nutrients and vitamins present were determined.<strong> </strong>Their nutritive properties were analysed using an inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer, while the vitamins were determined using standardized methods. The polyherbal preparations were found to be rich in mineral nutrients and vitamins. Calcium was the highest mineral nutrient detected, while the lowest nutrient was phosphorus. Quantitatively, calcium and magnesium contents in the remedies ranged from 973.30 to 6503.30 mg/100g and 80.00 to 406.00 mg/100g respectively. The amount of phosphorus and potassium was between 20.00 and 263.30 mg/100g; 160.00 and 2050.00 mg/100g respectively. Micro nutrients such as iron, manganese, zinc, aluminium and copper were also detected. Iron was the highest nutrient in the majority of the polyherbal preparations while the lowest value was recorded for copper. However, vitamin C was absent in the herbal preparations while vitamin A and E were detected. These findings indicate that these polyherbal formulations contain the essential mineral nutrients and vitamins that could probably be boosting the immune system of tuberculosis patients. </p>
Study of <em>Daucus carota ssp. Sativus</em> and <em>Butea monosperma</em> to analyse their Applicability in Pharmaceutical Industry as Antimicrobial Agents
Authors: Bhalla Nikhil , Kumar Vijay , Shukla Susmita 
Published: July 2018

<p>Human Beings have been using plant products to heal the Wounds and Diseases from the inception of humankind. Even when it was not known that microorganisms exist, People have been using antimicrobial agents prepared from plants. These antimicrobial products were prepared by extracting the plant in a suitable solvent. Antimicrobial property is conferred to plants by the presence of various phytochemicals which are the products of several Secondary metabolic pathways. The aim of this project was to decipher the potential use of <em>Daucus carota ssp. Sativus </em>and <em>Butea monosperma</em> in the pharmaceutical industry. In this research, Qualitative phytochemical screening and antimicrobial potential of Black carrot and Kamarkas has been studied.</p><p>Black carrot showed good antimicrobial activity against <em>A. brasiliensis, E. coli </em>and<em> S. enterica</em>, arranged in descending order of the Slope obtained in each antimicrobial assay. Phytochemical screening showed the presence of Flavonoids, Soluble Phenolic Compounds, Naphthoquinone and traces of Saponins and Alkaloids. The Kamarkas showed antimicrobial activity against <em>S. aureus</em> and to some extent against <em>A. brasiliensis</em>. Phytochemical analysis of Kamarkas showed positive for all phytochemicals. </p>
Diabetes mellitus treatment using herbal drugs
Authors: Verma Sonia , Gupta Madhu , Popli Harvinder , Aggarwal Geeta 
Published: July 2018

<p>Diabetes mellitus is becoming a common metabolic disorder which has serious threat to public health in the world. There are chemicals and biochemical agent that helps in controlling diabetes but there is no permanent remedy available which helps to get recovered completely from this disorder. By conducting large number of research work, numerous traditional medicines have been found for diabetes. Substances and extracts isolated from different natural resources especially plants have always been a rich arsenal for controlling and treating diabetes problem and complication arising due to it. So this review helps the reader to understand the importance of various types of herbal and polyherbal formulations present traditionally which can be used to treat diabetes mellitus. </p>
Antioxidant, anti-cholinesterase, anti-α-glucosidase and prebiotic properties of beta-glucan extracted from Algerian barley
Authors: Mebrek Saad , Djeghim Hanene , Mehdi Yamina , Meghezzi Asma , Anwar Sirajudheen , Ali Awadh Nasser A , Benali Mohammed 
Published: July 2018

<p>Beta-glucan, such as barley-derived beta-glucan (BBG), are homopolysaccharides that have attracted attention by their nutritional and therapeutic properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant power of BBG extracted from local Algerian variety of barley (SAIDA 183), and its acetylcholinesterase, alpha glucosidase inhibitory activity as well as its prebiotic potential by fermentation with lactic acid bacteria isolated from camel’s milk, namely <em>lactococcuslactisssplactis</em> (Lc.l.l) and <em>leuconostocmesenteroidesspmesenteroides</em> (Ln.m.m). The results revealed that BBG exhibited low activity against DPPH and ferric-reducing power (IC<sub>50</sub> 4018.61 ± 656.69 and A<sub>0.5 </sub>at 359.88 ±63.64 µg/mL respectively), in contrast to other antioxidant tests (ABTS, Beta-carotene and CUPRAC) where BBG demonstrated a moderate activity (IC<sub>50</sub> 529.91 ±26.37, IC<sub>50</sub> 161.013±13.322, A<sub>0.5 </sub>529.79 ± 48.65 µg/mL). The scavenging ability of hydroxyl radical and superoxide radical by BBG with an IC<sub>50</sub> at 2268.38±101.57 µg/mL and IC<sub>50</sub> 345.26± 62.32 µg/mL, respectively, while enzymatic inhibition by BBG exhibited for AChE at IC<sub>50</sub> 859.164 ±64.46 μg/mL , BChE at IC<sub>50</sub> at 725.470 ±30.95 , α-Amylase inhibitory activity at IC<sub>50</sub> 2986.785 ± 37.046 . The bacterial growth of the two strains used in this study is favorably affected by the use of BBG as the only carbon source, in comparison with glucose as a control. In light of these findings, it can be concluded that BBG have shown moderate antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory activities and can be used as a prebiotic by acting synergistically with probiotics in functional food matrices.</p>
Effect of Boswellia on Adjuvant Induced Rheumatoid Arthritis in Experimental Animals
Authors: Hendawy Omnia Magdy Mohammed , Parambi Della Grace Thomas 
Published: July 2018

<p>Arthritis is the most common systemic connective tissue disease. About 1% of the world's population is affected by RA; women are three times more often than men. Onset is most frequent between the ages of 40 and 50 years, but people of any age can be affected. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, systemic inflammatory disorder that may affect many tissues and organs, but principally attacks flexible joints. Although the cause of rheumatoid arthritis is unknown, autoimmunity plays an important role in both its chronicity and progression<strong>.</strong></p><p><strong></strong>The new trend of medical treatment of rheumatoid arthritis seeks new drugs with more efficacy and fewer side effects. Since tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) as well as other cytokines act as key players in the development of arthritis.</p><p>Studies in the United States and Europe have shown that their use is less common in clinical settings, but has become increasingly more in recent years as scientific evidence about the effectiveness of herbal medicine has become more widely available. The present work investigates the effect of Boswellia on Adjuvant induced RA in Experimental Animals.</p>
Estilo segundo um gosto nacional: os estilos italiano e francês como modelos e juízes do bom gosto da música setecentista
Authors: Paoliello Noara 
Published: July 2018

Este artigo investiga as principais discussões setecentistas sobre estilos nacionais e formação do bom gosto
na música a fim de compreender questões centrais para a prática musical conhecida atualmente como historicamente
orientada. Para tanto, utiliza-se como referencial teórico fontes primárias do séc. XVIII assim como fontes secundárias
que resgatam questões relativas ao estilo musical setecentista. É notável nas obras de autores como Mattheson
(1713) e Quantz (1752) a preocupação com a formação do gosto musical – ainda que essas obras fossem tratados de
música prática. Através dos textos de época, conclui-se que os conhecimentos do músico de bom gosto iam muito
além das habilidades técnicas, sendo o entendimento das características de cada estilo nacional uma das habilidades
fundamentais – seja no tocar ou no compor.

Palavras-chave: Estilo Musical; Formação do Gosto musical; Gosto Nacional; Música Setecentista.
Juventude, música e cinema em Manaus na década de 1960: da diversão à aprendizagem musical
Authors: De Melo Afonso Lucyanne 
Published: July 2018

O trabalho buscou compreender a função do cinema no circuito musical em Manaus na década de 1960.
Para as análises foram utilizados jornais da década de 1960 e entrevistas com músicos que participaram ativamente
deste circuito. Temos como considerações que o cinema foi um mediador tanto para a diversão quanto para a aprendizagem
musical; no cinema podia observar como o artista se comportava em palco, seus gestos e vestimentas, e,
posteriormente, os jovens iam para os clubes da cidade realizar dublagens, sendo as dublagens uma vida real mítica
de representar o sonho de ser o próprio ídolo.

Palavras-chave: Cinema em Manaus; Juventude; Formação musical; Dublagem em Manaus.
Integrating Technology in English Language Teaching: Global Experiences and Lessons for Indonesia
Authors: Ammade Salasiah , Mahmud Murni , Jabu Baso , Tahmir Suradi 
Published: July 2018

The integration of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in English language educational settings often improves teaching and learning (Tinio, 2016). English language teaching and technology have been seen as interesting new research era. This article reviewed studies on ICT integration in teaching from ten different countries. The aim of this review is to analyze cross cultural findings in order to determine what factors might be best applied to the Indonesia situation to improve English language learning and teaching as well as types of technology might be best adopted for ELT improvement. The articles for the study were found through internet search engine, Google scholar and ERIC in the area of technology integration and technology tools in English language teaching. Thus, the data taken is carefully investigated using inclusion and exclusion criteria. The result of analysis showed that the integration of technology in teaching can improve the experience for students and teachers and improve learning for students.
Reading Comprehension and Metacognitive Strategies in First Year Engineering University Students in Pakistan
Authors: Channa Mansoor Ahmed , Abassi Abdul Malik , John Stephen , Mohammad Jam Khan , Memon Masood A. , Nordin Zaimuariffudin Shukri 
Published: July 2018

The paper investigates the use of metacognitive strategies by first year engineering students at the time of classroom practice on reading text. The study was conducted in four engineering departments of a university in Pakistan. Data was collected through focus group interviews of first year engineering students. The researchers developed interview questions which were validated by two experts at university Malaysia Sarawak. Students were divided into 8 groups and each group had 5 informants. The data was recorded in audio-tape and organized gathered data through NVivo version 8 for interpretation of the results. The most important themes were generated through data analysis including thinking through images of the texts, selecting the main ideas, selecting the topic sentences, scanning of the texts, summarizing of the texts, and Questioning. The study contributed theoretically by giving the most promising results which showed that more than half of these groups used metacognitive strategies in classroom reading practice while less than half of groups did not use strategies and remained poor in reading comprehension. This study proposed to develop reading comprehension courses and syllabus based on reading strategies for engineering students.
Ornamentation of dermal bones of Metoposaurus krasiejowensis and its ecological implications
Authors: Antczak Mateusz , Bodzioch Adam 
Published: July 2018

Background
Amphibians are animals strongly dependent on environmental conditions, like temperature, water accessibility, and the trophic state of the reservoirs. Thus, they can be used in modern palaeoenvironmental analysis, reflecting ecological condition of the biotope.

Methods
To analyse the observed diversity in the temnospondyl Metoposaurus krasiejowensis from Late Triassic deposits in Krasiejów (Opole Voivodeship, Poland), the characteristics of the ornamentation (such as grooves, ridges, tubercules) of 25 clavicles and 13 skulls were observed on macro- and microscales, including the use of a scanning electron microscope for high magnification. The different ornamentation patterns found in these bones have been used for taxonomical and ecological studies of inter- vs. intraspecific variation.

Results
Two distinct types of ornamentation (fine, regular and sparse, or coarse, irregular and dense) were found, indicating either taxonomical, ecological, individual, or ontogenetic variation, or sexual dimorphism in M. krasiejowensis.

Discussion
Analogies with modern Anura and Urodela, along to previous studies on temnospondyls amphibians and the geology of the Krasiejów site suggest that the differences found are rather intraspecific and may suggest ecological adaptations. Sexual dimorphism and ontogeny cannot be undoubtedly excluded, but ecological variation between populations of different environments or facultative neoteny (paedomorphism) in part of the population (with types of ornamentations being adaptations to a more aquatic or a more terrestrial lifestyle) are the most plausible explanations.
Role of transportation and marketing in enhancing agricultural production in Ikwo local government area of Ebonyi state, Nigeria.
Authors: Nnadozie A. K.O. , Smiles Ume , Kadurumba C 
Published: July 2018

Role of transport and marketing in enhancing agricultural production in Ikwo Local Government Area of Ebonyi State, Nigeria was studied. A multi stage sampling procedure was used to select 300 respondents for the detailed study. A structured questionnaire was used to elicit information from the respondents. Data collected were analyzed using of chi-square. The results show that head carrying, use of wheel barrows, bicycles, motor van, keke, donkeys, and motor cycles were various traditional modes of transportation for inter local transport of agricultural products. Furthermore, the result reveals that producers, retailers, consumers, wholesalers and processors were the marketing channels in the study area. Additionally, transportation and marketing have greatly enhanced the growth of agricultural production in the study area , despite existing problems such as bad roads, high cost of transport, few vehicles, poor drainage channels, culverts, few bridges and poverty. Also, the solutions to the identified problems were giving out loans to farmers, construction and repairs of roads, use of rail, mass transit, encouraging farmers’ cooperative societies and processing centres. However, If these solutions to the problems could be entrenched into policy framework at the three tiers of the governments, high returns in agriculture will ensue. This will boost the contributions of agricultural sector to the nation’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP),which could translate to better standard of living.Keywords: Role, Transportation, Marketing, Enhancing, Agricultural production
Emerging global food pathogens and its public health implication: A review.
Authors: Chisom Adeoye-Agomoh Queen 
Published: July 2018

Abstract The epidemiology of food borne disease is changing. New pathogens have emerged, and some have spread worldwide. The broad spectrum of food borne infections has changed dramatically over time, as well-established pathogens have been controlled or eliminated, and new ones have emerged. Food pathogens have been a cause of a large number of diseases worldwide and more so in developing countries. This has a major economic impact. The burden of food borne disease remains substantial. Most of these illnesses are not accounted for by known pathogens, so must remain to be discovered. Among the known food borne pathogens, those more recently identified predominate, suggesting that as more and more is learned about pathogens, and they come under control. In addition to the emergence or recognition of new pathogens, other trends include global pandemics of some food borne pathogens, the emergence of antimicrobial resistance, the identification of pathogens that are highly opportunistic, affecting only the most high-risk sub populations, and the increasing identification of large and dispersed outbreaks. Outbreak investigations and case-control studies of sporadic cases can identify sources of infection and guide the development of specific prevention strategies. Better understanding of how pathogens persist in animal reservoirs is also critical to successful long-term prevention. In the past, the central challenge of foodborne disease lay in preventing the contamination of human food with sewage or animal manure. In the future, prevention of foodborne disease will increasingly depend on controlling contamination of feed and water consumed by the animals themselves.Key words: Food, Emergence, Foodborne and Waterborne pathogens and Zoonoses.
Análisis de la variación de la superficie de campamentos (2011-2017), caracterización y transformación del paisaje en las comunas de Antofagasta, Calama, Copiapó, y Viña del Mar.
Authors: Calderon Maritza , Miranda Francisco 
Published: July 2018

En el período 2011-2017, las familias viviendo en campamentos aumentaron un 48 % (TECHO-Chile, 2017), lo que contrasta con la reducción de los índices de pobreza de los últimos años reflejados por la Encuesta CASEN 2015. Resulta interesante conocer las transformaciones espaciales que suponen la instalación y crecimiento de un campamento, que opera como una urbanización autogestionada, que tiene efectos concretos en el paisaje de las ciudades. Los objetivos de esta investigación fueron determinar el aumento de superficie ocupada por campamentos entre los años 2011 y 2017 en Antofagasta, Calama, Copiapó y Viña del Mar, y caracterizar el territorio y los cambios en el paisaje asociados al crecimiento de campamentos. La metodología consistió en delimitar el área actual ocupada por campamentos usando imágenes satelitales de FASAT-Charlie, para luego calcular la variación de superficie respecto al año 2011. Dichas áreas fueron caracterizadas mediante fotointerpretación, y análisis de capas de información de uso y valores de suelo, grupos socioeconómicos, densidad de viviendas, entre otros.De acuerdo a los resultados, las cuatro ciudades suman 411 ha ocupada por campamentos, de las que 239 ha corresponden a 92 asentamientos nuevos, habitados por 7.376 familias. Estos se ubican cercanos a sectores urbanos con una población socioeconómica de bajos ingresos, y con baja densidad de viviendas (menor a 25 viv/ha) y suelos cuyo valor fiscal es cercano a los 0.6 UF/m2.De los 62 campamentos ubicados en Antofagasta, el 100% se emplaza en terrenos sin vegetación, según Catastro Vegetacional 1997, existiendo en la actualidad un cambio en el uso del suelo hacia el tipo urbano. En Calama, los 7 campamentos se encuentran en áreas sin vegetación y área urbana. En Copiapó, estos se emplazan en áreas sin vegetación y en terrenos agrícolas y praderas matorrales en proceso de urbanización. Los campamentos de Viña del Mar se emplazaron en terrenos que tienen un uso de bosque nativo renoval y matorral, ubicándose principalmente en las laderas de la cordillera costera.Las conclusiones señalan que un alto porcentaje de los campamentos se asientan en áreas de riesgo tales como: laderas, áreas de deslizamiento, áreas propensas a incendios, quebradas, colindantes a piscinas de decantación, entre otros, siendo la constante el establecimiento de los campamentos en las periferias de las ciudades. La transformación del paisaje en Calama, Copiapó y Antofagasta se debe a campamentos nuevos, mientras que en Viña del Mar es provocada por la expansión de los ya existentes. Palabras clave: FASAT Charlie, percepción remota, fotointerpretación, campamentos, paisaje, densificación.