bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Book Review: Japanese Americans: The History and Culture of a People
Authors: Coder Megan 
Published: January 2019

Japanese Americans: The History and Culture of a People is a single-volume comprehensive resource that addresses many aspects of Japanese American history and culture, and “reveals the long, hard, and aching struggling of Japanese Americans to be treated as Americans” (xiii–xiv). Editor Jonathan H. X. Lee begins the preface with a brief overview of Executive Order 9066 authorized by President Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1942, which enforced a mass incarceration and relocation of approximately 120,000 Japanese Americans. Lee compares this to the modern-day Executive Order 13769, “Protecting the Nation from Foreign Terrorist Entry into the United States” issued by President Donald Trump, which is the travel ban that prevents seven Muslim-majority countries from entry into the United States.
Book Review: Sacred Texts Interpreted: Religious Documents Explained
Authors: Trott Garrett B. 
Published: January 2019

Sacred Texts Interpreted (STI) is a collection of religious texts from a variety of different religions. It begins with two brief chapters introducing this work and providing some general insight regarding how one should read sacred texts. The remaining thirteen chapters provide sacred texts from different religions: Baha’ism, Buddhism, Christianity, Confucianism, Daoism, Hinduism, Islam, Jainism, Judaism, Mormonism, Shinto, Sikhism, and Zoroastrianism.
Ship Stability in a Seastate by the State-Space Fokker–Planck Method
Authors: Sclavounos Paul D. , Larson David F. H. , Ma Emily Y. 
Published: January 2019

The development of a new methodology for the modeling of the nonlinear responses and stability of ships in stochastic steep waves is presented. The radiation and diffraction hydrodynamic forces are cast in a state-space form by using a panel method followed by the implementation of the estimation of signal parameters via rotational invariance techniques algorithm. Strong free-surface nonlinearities present in the hydrostatic restoring and Froude-Krylov exciting forces are modeled by the fluid impulse theory. The ambient seastate is represented by a state-space diffusion modeled after a given wave spectrum. This enables the study of the nonlinear seakeeping and stability of ships in a seastate by invoking the methods of stochastic calculus. A state-space stochastic differential equation is derived for the states governing the vessel nonlinear responses, and a linear Fokker-Planck partial differential equation is obtained for the joint probability density function of the vessel motions.

1. Introduction
Ships advancing in steep random waves may experience large responses and loss of stability. The need exists for the development of rational stability criteria that will enable the derivation of the safe operation envelope of vessels operating in severe seastates. The past several decades have witnessed significant progress toward the development of potential and viscous flow computational methods for the treatment of the seakeeping hydrodynamics of ships. These methods combined with experiments have been the primary tools for the treatment of ship stability in realistic environments (Umeda et al. 2008). A comprehensive list of articles is contained in the previous reference.
Yet, we still lack a general-purpose theoretical framework that may be applied for the assessment of the stability properties of ships. The study of ship stability in a seastate requires the explicit account of nonlinearities of potential and viscous origin, the coupling of all modes of motion, and the development of statistical models for the nonlinear ship responses and their extreme statistics in a stochastic seastate. The study of the stability of ships by the methods described previously is typically carried out by Monte-Carlo simulations for the determination of the safe operating envelope. This approach may, however, be very time consuming when the treatment of the six-degree-of-freedom seakeeping problem is necessary and in conditions where nonlinear coupling between the vessel responses lead to loss of stability (e.g. parametric rolling, broaching).
The complete chloroplast genomes of three Betulaceae species: implications for molecular phylogeny and historical biogeography
Authors: Yang Zhen , Wang Guixi , Ma Qinghua , Ma Wenxu , Liang Lisong , Zhao Tiantian 
Published: January 2019

Background
Previous phylogenetic conclusions on the family Betulaceae were based on either morphological characters or traditional single loci, which may indicate some limitations. The chloroplast genome contains rich polymorphism information, which is very suitable for phylogenetic studies. Thus, we sequenced the chloroplast genome sequences of three Betulaceae species and performed multiple analyses to investigate the genome variation, resolve the phylogenetic relationships, and clarify the divergence history.

Methods
Chloroplast genomes were sequenced using the high-throughput sequencing. A comparative genomic analysis was conducted to examine the global genome variation and screen the hotspots. Three chloroplast partitions were used to reconstruct the phylogenetic relationships using Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian Inference approaches. Then, molecular dating and biogeographic inferences were conducted based on the whole chloroplast genome data.

Results
Betulaceae chloroplast genomes consisted of a small single-copy region and a large single copy region, and two copies of inverted repeat regions. Nine hotspots can be used as potential DNA barcodes for species delimitation. Phylogenies strongly supported the division of Betulaceae into two subfamilies: Coryloideae and Betuloideae. The phylogenetic position of Ostryopsis davidiana was controversial among different datasets. The divergence time between subfamily Coryloideae and Betuloideae was about 70.49 Mya, and all six extant genera were inferred to have diverged fully by the middle Oligocene. Betulaceae ancestors were probably originated from the ancient Laurasia.

Discussions
This research elucidates the potential of chloroplast genome sequences in the application of developing molecular markers, studying evolutionary relationships and historical dynamic of Betulaceae.It also reveals the advantages of using chloroplast genome data to illuminate those phylogenies that have not been well solved yet by traditional approaches in other plants.
Estimated Effectiveness of Influenza Vaccines in Preventing Secondary Infections in Households
Authors: Grijalva Carlos G. , Nguyen Huong Q. , Zhu Yuwei , Mellis Alexandra M. , McGonigle Trey , Meece Jennifer K. , Biddle Jessica E. , Halasa Natasha B. , Reed Carrie , Fry Alicia M. , Yang Yang , Belongia Edward A. , Talbot H. Keipp , Rolfes Melissa A. 
Published: November 2024

ImportanceInfluenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) is commonly assessed against prevention of illness that requires medical attention. Few studies have evaluated VE against secondary influenza infections.ObjectiveTo determine the estimated effectiveness of influenza vaccines in preventing secondary infections after influenza was introduced into households.Design, Settings, and ParticipantsDuring 3 consecutive influenza seasons (2017-2020), primary cases (the first household members with laboratory-confirmed influenza) and their household contacts in Tennessee and Wisconsin were enrolled into a prospective case-ascertained household transmission cohort study. Participants collected daily symptom diaries and nasal swabs for up to 7 days. Data were analyzed from September 2022 to February 2024.ExposuresVaccination history, self-reported and verified through review of medical and registry records.Main Outcomes and MeasuresSpecimens were tested using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction to determine influenza infection. Longitudinal chain binomial models were used to estimate secondary infection risk and the effectiveness of influenza vaccines in preventing infection among household contacts overall and by virus type and subtype and/or lineage.ResultsThe analysis included 699 primary cases and 1581 household contacts. The median (IQR) age of the primary cases was 13 (7-38) years, 381 (54.5%) were female, 60 (8.6%) were Hispanic, 46 (6.6%) were non-Hispanic Black, 553 (79.1%) were Non-Hispanic White, and 343 (49.1%) were vaccinated. Among household contacts, the median age was 31 (10-41) years, 833 (52.7%) were female, 116 (7.3%) were Hispanic, 78 (4.9%) were non-Hispanic Black, 1283 (81.2%) were non-Hispanic White, 792 (50.1%) were vaccinated, and 356 (22.5%) had laboratory-confirmed influenza during follow-up. The overall secondary infection risk of influenza among unvaccinated household contacts was 18.8% (95% CI, 15.9% to 22.0%). The risk was highest among children and was 20.3% (95% CI, 16.4% to 24.9%) for influenza A and 15.9% (95% CI, 11.8% to 21.0%) for influenza B. The overall estimated VE for preventing secondary infections among household contacts was 21.0% (95% CI, 1.4% to 36.7%) and varied by type; estimated VE against influenza A was 5.0% (95% CI, −22.3% to 26.3%) and 56.4% (95% CI, 30.1% to 72.8%) against influenza B.Conclusions and RelevanceAfter influenza was introduced into households, the risk of secondary influenza among unvaccinated household contacts was approximately 15% to 20%, and highest among children. Estimated VE varied by influenza type, with demonstrated protection against influenza B virus infection.
Introduction to matrix‐based method for analyzing hybrid multidimensional prostate MRI data
Authors: Fan Xiaobing , Chatterjee Aritrick , Medved Milica , Antic Tatjana , Oto Aytekin , Karczmar Gregory S. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractA new approach to analysis of prostate hybrid multidimensional MRI (HM‐MRI) data was introduced in this study. HM‐MRI data were acquired for a combination of a few echo times (TEs) and a few b‐values. Naturally, there is a matrix associated with HM‐MRI data for each image pixel. To process the data, we first linearized HM‐MRI data by taking the natural logarithm of the imaging signal intensity. Subsequently, a hybrid symmetric matrix was constructed by multiplying the matrix for each pixel by its own transpose. The eigenvalues for each pixel could then be calculated from the hybrid symmetric matrix. In order to compare eigenvalues between patients, three b‐values and three TEs were used, because this was smallest number of b‐values and TEs among all patients. The results of eigenvalues were displayed as qualitative color maps for easier visualization. For quantitative analysis, the ratio (λr) of eigenvalues (λ1, λ2, λ3) was defined as λr = (λ1/λ2)/λ3 to compare region of interest (ROI) between prostate cancer (PCa) and normal tissue. The results show that the combined eigenvalue maps show PCas clearly and these maps are quite different from apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and T2 maps of the same prostate. The PCa has significant larger λr, smaller ADC and smaller T2 values than normal prostate tissue (p < 0.001). This suggests that the matrix‐based method for analyzing HM‐MRI data provides new information that may be clinically useful. The method is easy to use and could be easily implemented in clinical practice. The eigenvalues are associated with combination of ADC and T2 values, and could aid in the identification and staging of PCa.
Research on Measurement Algorithm of Thermocouple Time Constant Under Multiple Incentive Experimental Conditions
Authors: Liu Yunhong , Liu Xianming , Zhao Yuanrong , Wang Chongwen , Ge Fang 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe time constant is often an important indicator parameter to evaluate the response speed of thermocouples. However, in practical applications, the output signal suffers from interference and deformation due to the excitation signal not satisfying the desired step size, data transmission delay, and the effect of mechanical vibrations, which do not match the output response of the system of the same order. In addition, the measurement results are not reproducible due to the subjective influence of the manual measurement method. In this paper, we propose a method to compute the time constant. The output signal is modified by filtering and fitting to enable the automatic calculation of the time constant, and the parameters of the algorithm are discussed. We developed a thermocouple time constant measurement device using a water bath and laser excitation conditions, obtaining response signals from thermocouples with different wire diameters and laser powers. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed time constant calculation methods in accurately capturing the changing trend of thermocouples with different wire diameters and laser powers. These methods successfully meet the requirements for processing the dynamic response signals of thermocouples under various excitation conditions.
Enhanced Voltage‐Controlled Magnetic Anisotropy and Field‐Free Magnetization Switching Achieved with High Work Function and Opposite Spin Hall Angles in W/Pt/W SOT Tri‐Layers
Authors: Chen Yu‐Chia , Jia Qi , Yang Yifei , Huang Yu‐Han , Lyu Deyuan , Peterson Thomas J. , Wang Jian‐Ping 
Published: November 2024

AbstractVoltage‐Gated Spin‐Orbit‐Torque (VGSOT) Magnetic Random‐Access Memory (MRAM) is a promising candidate for reducing writing energy and improving writing speed in emerging memory and in‐memory computing applications. However, conventional Voltage Controlled Magnetic Anisotropy (VCMA) approaches are often inefficient due to the low VCMA coefficient at the CoFeB/MgO interface. Additionally, traditional heavy metal/perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) ferromagnet bilayers require an external magnetic field to overcome symmetry constraints and achieve deterministic SOT switching. Here, a novel and industry‐compatible SOT underlayer for next‐generation VGSOT MRAM by employing a composite heavy metal tri‐layer with a high work function is presented. This approach achieves a VCMA coefficient exceeding 100 fJ V−1m−1 through electron depletion effects, which is ten times larger than that observed with a pure W underlayer. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that this composite heavy metal SOT underlayer facilitates the integration of VCMA with opposite spin Hall angles, enabling field‐free SOT switching in industry‐compatible PMA CoFeB/MgO systems.
A Facile Strategy to Suppressing Impurity Phase in Perovskite Wet Films for Efficient and Stable Photovoltaics
Authors: Lin Pu‐An , Zhang Wenfeng , Yang Yang , Yu Lang , Yin Yuan , Chen Ruihao , Cai Bing , Sun Jie , Zheng Xiaojia , Huang Yuelong , Zhang Wen‐Hua 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPerovskite solar cells are among the most promising candidates for the next generation of photovoltaic technology. However, the heterogeneous nature of mixed halide perovskites as ionic crystals raises challenges to their photovoltaic performance and long‐term stability. Herein, a functional molecule, named 2‐amino‐4‐trifluoromethylpyridine (2A4TP), is introduced as an inhibitor of impurity phases in perovskite wet films, enabling the formation of optically active pure phase (α‐phase) perovskites at room temperature. Meanwhile, reducing aggregation barrier for perovskite colloidal particles contribute to accelerate perovskite nucleation rate. Ultimately, the resulting uniform perovskite films afford to the optimized perovskite solar cells (0.09 cm2) exhibited a champion efficiency of 24.59% along with superior thermal and operational stability. Finally, 30x30 cm2 modules fabricated in this way delivers an impressive efficiency of 16.12% (with an aperture area of 655.2 cm2), demonstrating the large‐area compatibility of the strategy.
Vacuum‐Assisted Growth of Single Crystal Perovskite Arrays toward Ultralow Dark Current Photodetectors
Authors: Zhang Suicai , Ge Yalong , Qin Xuan , Wang Xuekai , Tao Tian , Yu Leiming , Song Xiaohui , Jiang Yurong , Xia Congxin 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMetal halide perovskites are widely employed in photodetectors (PDs) due to their exceptional photoelectric conversion ability. However, the high dark current induced by defect states during perovskite crystallization has not been well resolved, which enormously deteriorates the sensitivity of PD. Herein, a vacuum‐assisted template‐confined growth method is proposed to successfully fabricate high‐quality single crystal perovskite microwire arrays with low defect states and superior photoelectric characteristics. Experimentally and theoretically, it is proved that the fabricated perovskite microwire arrays PDs exhibit superior performance with commendable responsivity of 0.49 A W−1 and detectivity surpassing 1.21 × 1013 Jones, which profits from ultralow dark current of ≈200 fA at a 5 V bias. Particularly, the perovskite microwire arrays PD behaves the characteristics of flexible robust stability and high‐definition image recognition. This work provides a universal strategy for optimizing perovskite crystal quality and constructing high‐performance optoelectronic devices in many scenarios.
Vertical Graphene‐Based Multiparametric Sensing Array for Integration of Smart Catheter to Electrochemically Monitor Peritoneal Dialysis
Authors: Huang Xinshuo , Liang Baoming , Huang Shuang , Liu Zhengjie , Yao Chuanjie , Zheng Shantao , Zhang Tao , Liu Zhibo , Wang Yunuo , Wu Yuxiang , Yang Jingbo , Liu Jing , Chen Hui‐jiuan , Xie Xi 
Published: November 2024

AbstractRenal failure is typical chronic kidney disease that required peritoneal dialysis as the primary treatment, but current catheter devices lack functionality to monitor changes in chemical analytes during peritoneal dialysis. Fabrication of miniatured sensing modules with good electrochemical performance in tiny catheter devices is the key to realize the smart monitoring of peritoneal dialysis. In this work, a vertical graphene‐based multiparametric sensing array (VG‐MSA) is developed to continuously measure fluctuations of various analyte concentrations for peritoneal dialysis monitoring. Vertical graphene (VG) electrode with good electrochemical properties serves as the core module in VG‐MSA, allowing the development of miniatured sensing modules with sufficient electrochemical performance. The VG‐MSA enables sensitive and multiplexed measurement of dialysate components like metabolites (reactive oxygen species, uric acid, and glucose) and ions (K+, Ca2+, and H+). The VG‐MSA is demonstrated to effectively detect biochemical signals in peritoneal dialysate in vivo on rat models. The VG‐MSA catheter can be inserted into abdominal cavity, allowing full contact with dialysate for in situ, real‐time, and continuous collection of biochemical information during peritoneal dialysis. The VG‐MSA catheter device offers a valuable tool for monitoring dialysis quality and facilitating treatment adjustments, potentially as a promising platform for high‐quality therapy of renal failure.
Advancements and Current Application Status of Bioremediation Technology for Oil‐Contaminated Soil
Authors: Wang Sichang , Wang Liting , Sun Wujuan , Li Miao , Li Qian , Ke Congyu , Huang Shenlin 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWith the rapid development of the global oil industry, the problem of oil‐contaminated soil has become increasingly prominent, posing a serious threat to the natural environment and human health. Therefore, bioremediation technology as an environmentally friendly and cost‐effective solution has been widely studied and concerned. This paper reviewed the progress and application status of bioremediation technology for oil‐contaminated soil, and analyzed the classification and principle of bioremediation technology. Through the comprehensive analysis of the actual cases at home and abroad, the actual effects and challenges of bioremediation technology are comprehensively evaluated. These cases not only show the remarkable effect of this technology in the treatment of oil‐contaminated soil, but also reveal the problems existing in its practical application. On this basis, the future development direction of bioremediation technology is prospected.
Donor–Acceptor Viologens with Through‐Space Conjugation for Enhanced Visible‐Light‐Driven Photocatalysis
Authors: Qiao Yi , Xu Liang , Liu Xiaoyang , Gao Yujing , Li Naiyao , Li Yawen , Cao Tianle , Yan Ni , Liu Zishun , He Gang 
Published: November 2024

AbstractA series of novel donor–acceptor (D–A) type viologens with through‐space conjugation (TSC) are synthesized. The synergistic effect of D–A conjugation and TSC endow these compounds with a narrower energy gap, excellent redox properties, strong absorption in the visible range (up to 450 nm), and high efficiency of intramolecular charge transfer (ICT). These compounds also exhibit a long‐lived charge separation state and stable radical formation. Considering their impressive photophysical and redox properties, TSC viologens with D–A conjugation are explored for visible‐light‐driven photocatalysis. As a catalyst in oxidative coupling reactions under visible light, compound 9 can achieve a yield of 94%, attributed to its strong ICT effect. Additionally, hybridized into graphitic carbon nitride (g‐C₃N₄), compound 9 enhances hydrogen production performance under visible light, achieving an H2 generation rate of 4102 µmol h−1g−1. This study highlights the potential applications of TSC viologens in photocatalytic systems.
Self‐Boosting Programmable Release of Multiple Therapeutic Agents by Activatable Heterodimeric Prodrug‐Enzyme Assembly for Antitumor Therapy
Authors: Jiang Shanshan , Gurram Bhaskar , Zhu Junfei , Lei Shan , Zhang Yifan , He Ting , Tagit Oya , Fang Hui , Huang Peng , Lin Jing 
Published: November 2024

AbstractEndogenous stimuli‐responsive prodrugs, due to their disease lesion specificity and reduced systemic toxicity, have been widely explored for antitumor therapy. However, reactive oxygen species (ROS) as classical endogenous stimuli in the tumor microenvironment (TME) are not enough to achieve the expected drug release. Herein, a ROS‐activatable heterodimeric prodrug‐loaded enzyme assembly is developed for self‐boosting programmable release of multiple therapeutic agents. The heterodimeric prodrug NBS‐TK‐PTX (namely NTP) is composed of 5‐(ethylamino)‐9‐diethylaminobenzo[a]phenothiazinium chloride analog (NBS), paclitaxel (PTX) and ROS‐responsive thioketal (TK) linker, which shows a strong binding affinity with glucose oxidase (GOx), thus obtaining NTP@GOx assembly. Notably, the enzymatic activity of GOx in NTP@GOx is inhibited by NTP. The programmable release is achieved by following steps: i) NTP@GOx is partially dissociated in acidic TME, thus releasing a small segment of NTP and GOx. Thereupon, the enzymatic activity of GOx is recovered; ii) GOx‐triggered pH reduction further facilitates the dissociation of NTP@GOx, thus accelerating a large amount of NTP and GOx release; iii) The TK linker of prodrug NTP is cleaved by hydrogen peroxide generated by GOx catalysis, thus expediting the release of NBS for Type‐I photodynamic therapy and PTX for chemotherapy, respectively. The NTP@GOx shows great potential for multimodal synergistic cancer therapy.