bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Retrospective review of maternal deaths and maternal near misses due to major obstetric haemorrhage at a tertiary care centre in India
Authors: Agrawal Swati , Singh Anuradha , Biswas Ratna , Singh Abha 
Published: July 2019

Background: Maternal near miss (MNM) is now widely accepted as a better indicator of maternal health than maternal death and reflects the quality of obstetric care in a particular institution.Methods: This is a retrospective study conducted at Lady Hardinge Medical College and Smt. Sucheta Kriplani Hospital over a period of 12 months (April 2016-March 2017), of all cases of maternal death and near miss maternal deaths due to major obstetric haemorrhage(MOH).Results: During the period reviewed, there were 13,083 deliveries, 12,958 live births and 37 maternal deaths. There were 30 cases of near miss maternal deaths and 2 maternal mortalities due to MOH. The mortality index was 6.25%. Severe maternal outcome ratio (SMOR) was 2.46.Among the near miss cases (n=30), morbidly adherent placenta was the cause in 26.6% of cases(n=8), postpartum hemorrhage in 23% of cases(n=7); rupture uterus in 13% cases(n=4); massive abruption in 13% of cases(n=4) and placenta praevia with antepartum haemorrhage in 3% of cases(n=1). Early obstetric haemorrhage due to ruptured ectopic pregnancy and incomplete abortion resulted in MNM in 16% (n=5) and 3.3% (n=1) cases respectively.It was observed that in 40% (n=12) of MNM cases (8 cases of morbidly adherent placenta plus 4 cases of rupture uterus), previous cesarean section was the single most important causative factor for the morbidity of the patient.Conclusions: Reduction in cesarean section rates is imperative to reduce morbidity and mortality associated with MOH.
A cross-sectional study on obesity and menstrual abnormalities among women of reproductive age in urban field practice area of Kempegowda Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangalore
Authors: Srikanth Jayanthi , Kumari Nitu , Rajanna Pushpa 
Published: July 2019

Background: Obesity is on the rise among Indian women; increasing from 12.6% (NFHS-3) to 20.7% (NFHS-4). This leads to dysregulation of several groups of hormones and has deleterious effect on the reproductive system. Extra adipocytes are sources of extra estrogen that can cause menstrual disorders such as oligomenorrhoea, polymenorrhoea, menorrhagia and metrorrhagia. Counselling women about weight reduction will help in improving their reproductive health and quality of life. Thus, the present study was done to assess obesity among women and to describe the menstrual abnormalities among them; simultaneously, the perception of obesity among these women was also assessed.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted by doing house to house survey among 250 women of reproductive age residing in the urban field practice area of KIMS, Bangalore for a period of 3 months from June to August 2018. Details about socio-demographic factors, presence of any menstrual abnormalities and perception of obesity were collected using questionnaire by house to house survey. Anthropometric measurements were done and BMI was calculated. Data was entered in MS excel and analysed using appropriate statistical tests.Results: The study included 250 subjects; among whom 59.2% were obese. The common menstrual problems reported were dysmenorrhea (52.8%), oligomenorrhea (20.4%), hypomenorrhea (14.1%), menorrhagia (13.6%) and polymenorrhea (1.6%). Menstrual problems affected daily activities in 50.7% subjects. The difference between perception of their body image and their actual weight was found to be statistically significant.Conclusions: Obesity is an important health issue among women and most of them had menstrual abnormalities.
Formal education about hygienic aural care and the relationship between aural hygiene awareness and practices: a cross-sectional study from a super-speciality hospital in West Bengal, India
Authors: Samaddar Saikat , Chakraborty Arup , Samaddar Sangita Bhattacharya , Lahiri Arista , Bandyopadhyay Saumendra Nath 
Published: July 2019

Background: The result of poor ear care and hygiene behaviours are often encountered in otology practice. There is also lack of any proper guideline of hygienic ear care behaviours. The present study aims to assess the awareness and practice of hygienic ear care behaviours of the community, in the light of the guidelines as per WHO Primary Ear and Hearing Care Training Resources-Basic level.Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted at Baruipur Sub-Divisional Hospital serving semi urban population of South 24 Parganas, West Bengal, India. Patients and parents (in case of children below the age of six years) were interviewed. Maintaining the inclusion and exclusion criteria after obtaining informed consent 480 participants were included in the study who responded to a validated self-reported semi structured questionnaire.Results: The mean age was 32.44 (±18.95) years. Around 51.3% were male, 81.25% were professionals. Majority belonged to nuclear family (52.083%) and Islam (53.333%). Around 88.958% of the population had practice of ear care behaviour which was poor. Joint family had an odds of 2.86 (p value=0.002) and Islam by religion had an odds of 1.99 (p value=0.044) for a higher level of awareness. Educated group had an odds of 4.07 (p<0.001) for higher awareness. Aware group had an odds of 19.95 (p<0.001) in favour of having hygienic ear care practices.Conclusions: The study demonstrated lack of formal education regarding ear hygiene at the community level. Dearth in formal knowledge leading to poor practices is compounded with several socio-cultural issues.
Practices of contraception among rural people in Nellore district, Andhra Pradesh: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Gollapalli Pavan Kumar , Conjeevaram Jyothi , Veluri Chandrasekhar 
Published: July 2019

Background: As per the census 2011, the provisional population of India is about population of 1.21 billion. It is now estimated that by 2030, India will most likely overtake China to become the most populous country on the earth. India was the first country in the world to officially launch a national family planning programme (NFPP) in 1952 to reduce birth rate and to stabilize the population at a level consistent with the requirement of national economy. Protecting the young couple from unwanted fertility and educating them to adopt their desired family through informed choice, are among the prerequisites to achieve a TFR of 2.1. To study the prevalence of contraceptive methods among rural population and to study the reasons for not using family planning methods among eligible couples.Methods: A community based cross-sectional study was done among 600 married women in reproductive age, in the three randomly selected Primary health centre areas, one each from the three revenue divisions of Nellore, dated from June 2011 to May 2012.Results: The contraception prevalence rate was 56.3% among whom 91.4% adopted permanent family planning methods.Conclusions: The contraceptive prevalence rate in the study subjects was 56% which was lower than that reported in NFHS-III (67%). Majority of the women opted for permanent sterilization when compared to spacing methods.
Prevalence, pattern and predictors of domestic violence against women in Delhi: a community based study
Authors: Sharma Kamlesh Kumari , Vatsa Manju , Kalaivani Mani , Bhardwaj Daya Nand 
Published: July 2019

Background: Domestic violence against women has serious health consequences for women. Prior research indicates its pervasive nature, albeit with wide variations in its prevalence across different settings. We examined the prevalence, pattern and predictors of domestic violence against women. Methods: Our community based, cross sectional, mixed methods study included 827 ever married women aged up to 60 years, from Delhi (India), selected through cluster sampling followed by systematic random sampling. Data were collected during 2010 to 2011 using structured questionnaires and in-depth interview guide. Statistical analysis was carried out using Stata 11.0 (College Station, Texas, USA) and thematic analysis for qualitative data obtained on in-depth interviews.Results: The life time prevalence of psychological, physical and sexual violence was 43.4%, 27.2 % and 26.4 % respectively; and when measured over past 12 months it was 37.6%, 19.3% and 20.3% respectively. ‘Any form of violence’ emerged as a sizeable category with a lifetime prevalence of 43.4%, and 37.8% in past one year. In most instances, the acts of violence were continuing and were perpetrated by husband. Violence was significantly higher among women having low neighborhood support (OR: 2.71, 95% CI: (1.39, 5.27), negative dowry effect (OR: 19.93, 95% CI: (10.36, 38.35) and alcoholic husband (OR: 2.12, 95% CI: (1.46, 3.09), whereas family support was protective against violence (OR: 0.31, 95% CI: (0.20, 0.49).Conclusions: The prevalence of domestic violence in Delhi is considerably high. There is need to use multipronged approach including effective and sustainable public health interventions to address the violence.
Knowledge and practices regarding self-directed learning among undergraduates from a medical college in Kerala
Authors: Yesubakthan Suba Joice , Sargunam Blessed S. , Rajendran Judith , Bhasy Beena I. 
Published: July 2019

Background: Medical education for undergraduates is a challenging area and medical professionals are life-long learners. Self-directed learning (SDL) is adult learning process. SDL describes a process where individuals take initiative, with or without the help of others, in diagnosing their learning needs, formulating learning goals, identifying human and material resources for learning, choosing and implementing appropriate learning strategies, and evaluating learning outcomes. This study assessed knowledge and practices regarding SDL among medical undergraduates and looked for association between gender and year of study with knowledge and practices of different components of SDL. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 192 students doing final year and internship at Dr. Somervell Memorial CSI Medical College, Kerala from April to July 2018 after obtaining clearance from Institutional ethics committee. Data was collected using a predesigned and pretested structured self-administered questionnaire on socio demographic profile, knowledge, practices, barriers and opportunities regarding SDL. Data was entered in excel sheet and analyzed using SPSS trial version 21.0. Results: Majority of the students had good knowledge regarding the components of SDL and practiced components like identifying their learning needs, objectives, commitment and implementation of the learning process. Only 57.3% students evaluated learning process and 31.8% alone had an educator as facilitator. Important barriers identified were self-motivation (88%) followed by time (81.8%). Conclusions: Interns had better knowledge and practice of SDL components compared to final year students. Though females had a better knowledge and practice of SDL components compared to males it was not statistically significant.
A study of waist circumference and waist-hip ratio as markers of type 2 diabetes mellitus in an urban population of district Bareilly
Authors: Khan Mohammad Suhail , Ahmad Ausaf , Saxena Sumit , Singh Atul Kumar , Gupta S. B. 
Published: July 2019

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus belongs to a group of diseases labelled as lifestyle diseases and is on the rise in Asians especially Indians. Hence finding bio-markers is important to warn people and create awareness. Aim of the present study is to estimate waist-hip ratio, waist circumference in type 2 diabetic patients with respect to gender. Methods: A cross-sectional, community based study was conducted from February 2014 to February 2015 among adults in the age group of 30 year and above residing in area covered under UHTC of Bareilly City. A simple random sampling technique was adopted to achieve the desired sample size. 640 is the sample size came out to be by applying 3.8 4𝑃𝑄/d2 formula. Subject’s waist circumference, waist-hip ratio was measured in study samples. House to house survey was done for collecting data. Data tabulated and subjected to statistical analysis. Results: Prevalence of DM and IFG was more in those who were having high waist circumference and the association was also found to be statistically significant. The association was also found statistically significant between male high waist hip ratio and Diabetes Mellitus but no association was seen between female’s high waist-hip ratio and Diabetes Mellitus.Conclusions: High waist circumference can be a screening procedure for DM individuals in both sexes, but the same scenario we haven’t seen in high waist hip ratio among females and prevalence of DM. Appropriate waist circumference and waist-to-hip ratio values are complex because they are likely influenced by gender and other factors.
Knowledge and socio-demographic profile of Anganwadi workers in Mangalagiri rural Integrated Child Development Services project, Guntur
Authors: Andey U. Vinod Venkata Kumar , Budimelli Swapna , Chebrolu Kalyan , Swamy C. Ganapathi , Naresh J. , Babu R. Surendra 
Published: July 2019

Background: Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) today represents one of the world’s largest programmes for early childhood development. The Anganwadi workers and Anganwadi Helpers are the grass root level functionaries responsible for delivery of services.Methods: A field based cross sectional observational study was conducted in Mangalagiri rural ICDS project to assess the knowledge levels and the socio-demographic profile of the Anganwadi workers, all the Anganwadi workers who are working in Mangalagiri rural ICDS project area have been included in the study.Results: Out of 212 AWWs, majority of AWWs were from the age group of between 30-49 years; 123 (58%) AWWs have education qualification from 6th class to 10th class standard and 135 (63.7%) workers had an experience of more than 10 years. About 142 (67%) AWWs had a good knowledge assessment score. They had best knowledge about immunization (96.7%), referral services (93.4%), growth monitoring (82.5%), health check-ups (75.1%) and nutrition and health education (70%). AWWs complained problems like infrastructure related, excessive work overload and record maintenance.Conclusions: The majority of the AWWs are in the age group of 30 to 49 years. More than half of them belong to lower middle socio-economic class. Maximum number of workers has experience of 10 years or more. All the AWWs in our study had 50% and above knowledge about Anganwadi services. Best knowledge is seen regarding immunization followed by referral services. Least knowledge is seen regarding supplementary nutrition. Major problems reported were excess work and record maintenance.
Knowledge and attitude regarding eye donation among the people of rural area in Kinaye, Belagavi: a cross sectional study
Authors: Bellad Asha , Hukkeri Shirin 
Published: July 2019

Background: Corneal diseases are the second major cause of blindness. Corneal transplantation is the most effective treatment with high rate of success but there is a shortage of corneal donors. The study analyzed various factors affecting the willingness to donate cornea.Methods: This community based cross sectional study was conducted among the adults residing in 9 sub-centres under PHC Kinaye, Belagavi in Karnataka, India. The participants (n=400) answered questionnaires which included details such as the demographic profile and, awareness and willingness to donate eyes. Univariate logistic regression analysis was performed for the data.Results: Out of 400 participants, 80.5% were aware of eye donation among which 52% were willing to donate. Univariate analysis showed that adults who were less than 40 years were more aware when compared to those who were more than 40 years (p=0.0001) and more educated adults were willing to donate than illiterate. Adults from joint family were more aware when compared to those from nuclear family (p=0.005). Religious beliefs influenced the willingness of adults for donation as 83.6% denied willingness to donate.Conclusions: The results of our study strongly suggest that there are a lot of misconceptions regarding eye donation in most parts of our country. It is evident from our study that education and involvement of those in health sector, will help to spread knowledge about eye donation and to eliminate misconceptions and ignorance about corneal donation.
Assessment of nutritional status in chronic obstructive airways disease patients in a tertiary care hospital at Himachal Pradesh, India: a cross sectional study
Authors: Singh Balbir , Shridhar Pramod , Singh Kamaljit , Garg Rajesh , Pabla Herleen , Sharma Ena 
Published: July 2019

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortatlity worldwide. Malnourishment in COPD patients is very common and is a prognostic factor in its treatment. The present study has been conducted to assess nutritional status in COPD patients and its correlation with severity of disease.Methods: This institutional based analytical cross sectional study was conducted in the Department of Pulmonary Medicine at tertiary care hospital in Himachal Pradesh (India) from 1 Dec 2017 to 31st May 2018. A total of 52 COPD participants attending the pulmonary Medicine OPD and fulfilling the inclusion criteria were enrolled.Results: All participants reported being smoker since long with the mean years of smoking since 31 years and about 13.6 cigarettes being smoked per day. 22 (42%) of the participants were undernourished as per BMI criteria But when compared with MUAC criteria, a large number 38 (73%) came out to be undernourished. haemoglobin and cholesterol levels were less in patients with severe diseases than mild and moderate category (76.9%).Conclusions: The malnourishment and severity of the disease has direct correlation. More the severity of COPD, more is the malnourishment. Biochemical parameters, although not deranged significantly in any group, but more on the lower side in patients with severe COPD. There is a need for regular nutritional assessment of every COPD patient and recommendation of supplementary food for them.
ОПТИМИЗАЦИЯ ГЕОМЕТРИИ ЗУБЦОВОЙ ЗОНЫ ГИСТЕРЕЗИСНОЙ МУФТЫ ЗАПОРНОЙ АРМАТУРЫ НЕФТЕПРОВОДА
Authors: Гарганеев Александр Георгиевич , Кюи Динь Конг , Сипайлова Надежда Юрьевна , Кашин Евгений Игоревич 
Published: July 2019

Актуальность работы связана с поиском новых эффективных технических решений в области электроприводов запорной арматуры трубопроводного транспорта нефтепродуктов на основе использования гистерезисного принципа электромеханического преобразования энергии и новых магнитотвердых материалов. Цель: выявить оптимальную геометрию зубцовой зоны электромагнитной гистерезисной муфты на базе сплава Fe-Cr-Co для получения максимального вращающего момента на основе анализа процессов перемагничивания гистерезисного слоя. Методы: экспериментальные методы исследования магнитных характеристик магнитотвердых материалов с использованием оригинальных лабораторных установок; имитационное моделирование в программе ANSYS MAXWELL; теоретические методы анализа электромагнитного поля. Результаты. Для гистерезисных муфт на базе сплава Fe-Cr-Co 22Х15КА получены и проанализированы зависимости вращающего момента от геометрических параметров зубцовой зоны муфты. Для оценки эффективности использования гистерезисного материала авторами введен коэффициент использования гистерезисного слоя по тангенциальной составляющей магнитного поля. В программе ANSYS MAXWELL разработана имитационная модель электромагнитной гистерезисной муфты с неподвижной обмоткой управления, учитывающая параметры сплава Fe-Cr-Co 22Х15КА. С помощью разработанной модели получены оптимальные значения геометрических размеров зубцовой зоны с целью достижения максимального вращающего момента при фиксированных габаритах и весе. Сделан вывод о том, что вариант электропривода трубопроводной запорной арматуры с гистерезисной муфтой и асинхронным электродвигателем благодаря простоте его реализации, возможности регулирования и ограничения момента в широком диапазоне температур и окружных скоростей можно рассматривать как перспективную альтернативу электроприводам с частотным управлением и тиристорными регуляторами.
ANÁLISE CIENTÍFICA E TECNOLÓGICA SOBRE DENGUE E H1N1: COMPARATIVO ENTRE DOENÇA TROPICAL NEGLIGENCIADA E NÃO NEGLIGENCIADA
Authors: Silva Ana Cintia Ribeiro da , De Almeida Maira Silveira , Favaro Maria Angélica Santa Cruz Nogueira , Malpass Geoffroy Roger Pointer , Granato Ana Cláudia 
Published: July 2019

RESUMO
O avanço tecnológico é uma importante estratégia para o desenvolvimento econômico e social mundial. Desta forma, foi realizada uma análise comparativa entre documentos de patentes sobre dengue e H1N1, no período de 2001 a 2016, utilizando como fonte de informação o banco de dados Derwent Innovations Index. Para tanto, foram analisados os seguintes fatores: distribuição geográfica dos depósitos; tipologia; Classificação Internacional das Patentes (CIP); foco tecnológico e evolução temporal dos pedidos de patentes no período da pesquisa. Ao utilizar a expressão “dengue”, foram encontradas 2660 famílias de patentes, enquanto que, para “H1N1”, foram encontradas 1103 famílias. Ao verificar a distribuição geográfica, observou-se domínio dos Estados Unidos em ambas as patologias. Na categoria dos depositantes das patentes, destaque para “pessoa física”. Já para a tendência temática das inovações, a partir da CIP, verificou-se a predominância da seção “Necessidades Humanas”, com “Ciência Médica ou Veterinária e Higiene” no nível de classe e para subclasse, as mais predominantes foram “Atividade terapêutica específica de compostos químicos ou preparações medicinais” e “Preparações para finalidades médicas, odontológicas ou higiênicas”. Na evolução temporal anual, observou-se que a média para dengue foi de 177 patentes ao ano, com incremento de 22,43 e aceleração negativa, após 2007, de 1,40 anualmente. E para H1N1, a média anual foi de 88,57 patentes, incremento de 21,19 e aceleração negativa de 1,02 ao ano. O monitoramento por meio da análise do registro de patentes é de fundamental importância para tomada de decisões que geram impacto na situação da saúde pública mundial, tais como, o direito à saúde e acesso aos serviços, em especial nos países em desenvolvimento.

Palavras-chave: Patente, Doença tropical negligenciada, Dengue, H1N1, Derwent innovations index.
ATSAR AL-KIFÂYÂT AL-LUGHAWIYYAH ‘ALÂ QUDRATI HIFZH AL-QUR’ÂN PALEMBANG
Authors: Yuniar Yuniar , KHOIRIYAH ULFA 
Published: July 2019

قد نزل الله القرآن بالعربية. ومع انتشار الإسلام فانتشر اللغة العربية إلى أنحاء العالم. تعلم بعض الناس هذه اللغة لمعرفة معاني الآيات المكتوبة في القرآن ثم يبحثون العلوم والمغرفة فيه. وفي زماننا الحاضر مازل المسلم أن يتسابقوا في حفظ هذه الآيات القرآنية. وأما هذا البحث يبحث عن أثر الكفايات اللغوية لدى حفاظ القرآن بمعهد أهل القرآن. ووجدت الباحثة الكفايات اللغوية تأثر كثيرا على قدرة حفظ القرأن للطلاب بمعهد اهل القرآن فالمبانج، لان قيمة (Phi) اكبر من نتيجة "ر" فى طرف المعنى ٥% ومن نتيجة "ر" فى طرف المعنى ١% بعبارة اخرى تكتب الكاتبة كما تلى 514,٠>2,681< 641,٠