bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Soil Preparation and Layers on the Weighted Mean Diameter and Geometric Mean Diameter of a Red Distroferric Latosol
Authors: Pereira Pedro Silvério Xavier , Bianchini Aloisio , Roque Márcio William , Silva Antônio Renan Berchol da , Pittelkow Fábio Kempim , Silva Wininton Mendes da , Pereira Thalles Alexandre Xavier , Pallaoro Dryelle Sifuentes , Santos Matheus Azevedo dos , Costa Patrícia Monique Crivelari da 
Published: July 2019

The objective of this work was to study the influence of three management systems on the physical attributes and productivity of irrigated wheat, cultivar BRS-254, in the city of Tangara da Serra, MT. The soil physical attributes were: weighted mean diameter (DMP) and geometric mean diameter (DMG). The experimental design was in randomized blocks. The treatments for weighted average diameter (WMD) and geometric mean diameter (DMG) were arranged in a subdivided plot scheme, with eight replications. The tilting preparations obtained the highest DMPs compared to SD both in the 0-10 cm layer and in the 10-20 cm layer, a result possibly related to the incorporation of residues during the soil preparation associated with higher mucilage production promoted by higher activity of the root system of the crop, which found better soil physical conditions for its development. The PC presented a reduction in DMP when comparing the value in the 0-10 cm layer with the value in the 10-20 cm layer. The significant effect of soil preparation on DMG can also be a result of the incorporation of residues during the preparation, associated to the effect of higher root volume promoted by the higher root growth of the crop in these preparations, which, in turn, guarantee greater production of mucilages promoting greater soil aggregation and higher DMG. The use of the disk grid in the PC and PM interferes with the soil attributes. Soil inversion provided higher WMD and DMG.
Effect of Group Counseling on the Identity Crisis of Middle-aged Women as Health Promotion Behavior
Authors: Ebrahimi Marzieh , Barjasteh Samira , Kashtiban Nasim Tolooyi 
Published: July 2019

Objectives: This study aimed to determine the effect of group counseling on the identity crisis of middle-aged women referred to outskirt health centers of Urmia, Iran in 2018.
Methods: This randomized, pre-test and post-test control study was conducted on 90 middle-aged women registered in Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT). A researcher visited selected health centers of Urmia randomly divided into three groups according to their social, economic and cultural status (26 health centers at high level, 19 health centers at average level, and 20 health centers at low level). The subjects were those who referred to the family health unit for receiving health care. The demographic characteristics questionnaire (such as age, marital status, number of children, educational level, body mass index, employment status and economic situation, which was designed by the researcher), and middle aged Identity Crisis Questionnaire (ICQ) including aimlessness, futility, hopelessness, lack of self-confidence, worthlessness, dissatisfaction with life, anxiety, sadness, aggression and anger subscales. The intervention (counseling group) was conducted for six weeks held weekly and each session for 60-90 minutes. Independent t-test, Chi-square test and Fisher's exact test were performed and analyzed through SPSS software. A P value less than of 0.05 was considered significant.
Results: Mean age of women in the intervention group (50. 93 ± 5.38 years) and in the control group (50.55 ± 6.23 years) was 50 years. Also, in the intervention and control groups, the mean number of children was 2.43 ± 1.47 and 2.44 ± 1.49, respectively. In this study, the two groups were homogeneous regarding BMI, education level, husband's education level, economic status, marital status, occupation and dwelling situation (P> 0.05). Mean score of identity crisis and its ten dimensions before and after the intervention in the two groups were significantly different (P<0.001). There was no significant difference in any of the dimensions of identity crisis in the control group (P>0.05).
Conclusion: According to the results, the use of group counseling intervention has been able to improve the identity crisis of middle-aged women in the most dimensions of identity crisis including aimlessness, futility, hopelessness, lack of self-confidence, worthless, dissatisfaction with life and anxiety.
Tissue‐ and cell‐specific expression of a splice variant in the II‐III cytoplasmic loop of Cacna1b
Authors: Bunda Alexandra , LaCarubba Brianna , Akiki Marie , Andrade Arturo 
Published: July 2019

Presynaptic CaV2.2 (N‐type) channels are fundamental for transmitter release across the nervous system. The gene encoding CaV2.2 channels, Cacna1b, contains alternatively spliced exons that result in functionally distinct splice variants (e18a, e24a, e31a, and 37a/37b). Alternative splicing of the cassette exon 18a generates two mRNA transcripts (+e18a‐Cacna1b and ∆e18a‐Cacna1b). In this study, using novel mouse genetic models and in situ hybridization (BaseScope™), we confirmed that +e18a‐Cacna1b splice variants are expressed in monoaminergic regions of the midbrain. We expanded these studies and identified +e18a‐Cacna1b mRNA in deep cerebellar cells and spinal cord motor neurons. Furthermore, we determined that +e18a‐Cacna1b is enriched in cholecystokinin‐expressing interneurons. Our results provide key information to understand cell‐specific functions of CaV2.2 channels.
Metagel with Broadband Tunable Acoustic Properties Over Air–Water–Solid Ranges
Authors: Zhang Kai , Ma Chu , He Qi , Lin Shaoting , Chen Yi , Zhang Yu , Fang Nicholas X. , Zhao Xuanhe 
Published: July 2019

AbstractMaterials capable of varying their acoustic impedances to match those of air, water, and solid materials over broadband frequencies will enable new applications in fields as diverse as medical imaging, underwater sonar and communication, and marine biology. However, such tunability has not been achieved with conventional acoustic materials including metals, polymers, ceramics and woods. Here, the invention of metagel, a class of designed hydrogel composites with unprecedented tunable acoustic properties over broadband frequencies, is reported. The metagel consists of patterned channels in a tough hydrogel matrix, where air, water, or liquid metal can be purged through the channels to tune the metagel's acoustic transmission over air–water–solid ranges and broadband frequencies on demand. It is shown that the acoustic properties of the metagel can be tuned by varying the volume ratio of the channels, properties, different filler materials with combined experiments, theory, and simulations. The metagel enables novel functions such as adjustable imaging regions of ultrasound, demonstrating tangible applications in underwater acoustics and medical imaging.
Tunable, Cost‐Effective, and Scalable Structural Colors for Sensing and Consumer Products
Authors: Daqiqeh Rezaei Soroosh , Ho Jinfa , Naderi Ali , Tavakkoli Yaraki Mohammad , Wang Tao , Dong Zhaogang , Ramakrishna Seeram , Yang Joel K. W. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe cost‐effective colorimetric detection of chemicals can be a potential substitute for expensive spectrometers. Here, a structural color sensor is presented that can distinguish seven different organic solvents through a timed sharp color change. The color sensor is based on interference effects in a metal–insulator–metal Fabry–Perot (FP) cavity with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) serving as the dielectric layer. By tuning the cross‐linker to monomer ratio of PDMS and employing a porous nickel (Ni) top layer, the PDMS films experience shrinkage that results in substantial color changes. The time‐dependent color change can be used to indicate the type of solvent that the sensor was exposed to. When the sensor is immersed in a solvent, the PDMS diffuses through the porous Ni film at different rates depending on the solvent, resulting in a shrinkage of the PDMS and resonance shift of the FP cavity. Materials used in this single‐use sensor are cost effective (≈0.28 USD m−2), and the fabrication process requires no lithography and is scalable. Moreover, the FP configuration produces vibrant colors that cover ≈50% of the standard Red Green Blue (sRGB) color space and is suited for decorative purposes and consumer products as well.
The Potential of Molybdenum Complexes Bearing Unsubstituted Heterodiatomic Group 15 Elements as Linkers in Supramolecular Chemistry
Authors: Elsayed Moussa Mehdi , Seidl Michael , Balázs Gábor , Hautmann Matthias , Scheer Manfred 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe reactions of tetrahedral molybdenum complexes bearing unsubstituted heterodiatomic Group 15 elements, [Cp2Mo2(CO)4(μ,η2:η2‐PE)] (Cp=C5H5; E=As (1), Sb (2)), with CuI halides afforded seven unprecedented neutral supramolecular assemblies. Depending on the Mo2PE units and the CuI halide, the oligomers [⟨{Cp2Mo2(CO)4}{μ4,η2:η2:η2:η1‐PE}⟩4⟨{CuX}{Cu(μ‐X)}⟩2] (E=As (X=Cl (3), Br (4)); E=Sb (X=Cl (6), Br (7))) or the 1D coordination polymers [{Cp2Mo2(CO)4}{μ4,η2:η2:η1:η1‐PAs}{Cu(μ‐I)}]n (5) and [{Cp2Mo2(CO)4}{μ4,η2:η2:η2:η1‐PSb}2{Cu(μ‐X)}3]n (X=I (8), Br (9)) are accessible. These solid‐state aggregates are the first and only examples featuring the organometallic heterodiatomic Mo2PE complexes 1 and 2 as linking moieties. DFT calculations demonstrate that complexes 1 and 2 present a unique class of mixed‐donor ligands coordinating to CuI centers via the P lone pair and the P−E σ‐bond, revealing an unprecedented coordination mode.
Cationic organofluorosilicone as deepening agent in the application of dyed polyester fabric
Authors: Yu Chengbing , Lu Yilin , Wu Fangfang 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTPolyester fabrics are usually difficult in dyeing deeply due to their dense structure and high surface refractive index, and deepening finishing is an effective method to obtain dark polyester fabrics. In this article, octamethyl cyclotetrasiloxane (D4), 1,3,5‐tris(3,3,3‐trifluoropropyl)‐methylcyclotrisiloxane (D3F), and silane coupling agent KH‐902 were used as main monomers to synthesize organic fluorosilicone, and further to prepare cationic organofluorosilicone (COFS) and COFS darkening agent. FTIR and 1H‐NMR were used to characterize the structure of synthetic products. The finishing experiments confirmed that COFS darkening agent had good shade darkening on dyed polyester fabrics with small color change. The optimum conditions of deepening finishing were COFS darkening agent concentration of 20%, the pick‐up of 85%, and the curing temperature of 180 °C. After finishing, the dyed fabric had no lowering effect on color fastness, all at grade 4 or above. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 48208.
1,3,5,8‐Tetrahydroxy‐9H‐xanthen‐9‐one exerts its antiageing effect through the regulation of stress‐response genes and the MAPK signaling pathway
Authors: Tang Yinying , Liu Jie , Wang Huailing , Li Yanbing , Liu Zhijun , Chen Heru 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe antioxidative effects of 30 xanthone derivatives (XDs) (XD‐n, n = 1–30) in HepG2 cells were evaluated by the cellular antioxidant activity assay. Results showed that all XDs were antioxidants and 1,3,5,8‐tetrahydroxy‐9H‐xanthen‐9‐one (XD‐2) was the most active antioxidant. The all‐oxygenated substituted xanthones extended the lifespan of wild‐type N2 nematodes under normal culture conditions and XD‐2 was the best one. XD‐2 eliminated excessive intracellular reactive oxygen species and enhanced the expression levels and activities of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase. XD‐2 inhibited the H2O2‐increased phosphorylation levels of c‐JUN N‐terminal kinase, extracellular signal‐regulated kinase, and p38 in HepG2 cells. In vivo, XD‐2 also extended the lifespan of wild‐type N2 nematodes under oxidative stress induced by paraquat, but failed in extending the lifespan of CF1038 (daf‐16 deletion) and AY102 (pmk‐1 deletion) mutant nematodes. It was revealed by real‐time polymerase chain reaction that the genes daf‐16, sir‐2.1, akt‐1, and age‐1 were all inhibited by paraquat stimuli, while XD‐2 reversed these inhibitions; in contrast, paraquat stimuli upregulated both the skn‐1 and pmk‐1 genes. However, treatment by XD‐2 further increased the levels of both genes. These pieces of evidence implied that XD‐2 promotes longevity through endogenous signaling pathways rather than through the antioxidative activity alone. Taken all together, it may be concluded that XD‐2 is a promising antiageing agent.
Use of “super‐glue” to seal a perforation during chronic total occlusion coronary intervention and the potential to “unglue” it
Authors: Rafeedheen Rahil , Agarwal Shiv K. , Meek James C. , Uretsky Barry F. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractCoronary perforation remains a dreaded complication of chronic total occlusion (CTO) percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). We present a case of successful CTO recanalization complicated by a perforation treated by n‐butyl‐cyanoacrylate (medical “super‐glue”). We also present an in vitro experiment showing that a glue plug in a plastic tube can acutely be passed by a low tip load guide wire and undergo balloon angioplasty recreating a lumen. These results suggest that n‐butyl‐cyanoacrylate glue may be an alternative for treating perforation during CTO PCI with the possibility of recanalizing the vessel through the glue plug at a later time.
Bilateral native knee septic arthritis due to Propionibacterium acnes; a case report and review of literature
Authors: Arain Abdul Rehman , Cole Keegan , Moral Muhammad , Thadani Sean , Rosenbaum Andrew 
Published: July 2019

AbstractPropionibacterium acnes should be considered in any case of indolent septic arthritis. Cultures should be followed for 2 weeks as our cultures were negative for 7 days before growing P. acnes. Irrigation and debridement followed by antibiotics is the standard of care.
Recent Progress in the Construction of Natural De‐O‐Sulfonated Sulfonium Sugars with Antidiabetic Activities
Authors: Lu Lu , Li Xiaoya , Yang Yao , Xie Weijia 
Published: July 2019

AbstractA group of sulfonium salts equipped with a polyhydroxylated side‐chain structure have been isolated and identified as potent α‐glycosidase inhibitors. Consequently, they have become an attractive target in diverse research disciplines, including organic synthesis, drug discovery, and chemical biology. To this end, the development of practical and effective synthetic strategies, especially for more bioactive de‐O‐sulfonated sulfonium salts, is a significant research area in organic synthesis. An ideal synthetic methodology should provide easily accessible intermediates with high chemical stability for the key coupling reaction to diastereoselectively construct the sulfonium cation center. This minireview summarizes recently developed strategies applied in the construction of natural de‐O‐sulfonated sulfonium sugars: 1) acid‐catalyzed de‐O‐sulfonation of sulfonium sulfate inner salts, 2) a coupling reaction between side‐chain fragments containing leaving groups and a thiosugar, 3) a coupling reaction between side‐chain fragments containing epoxide structures and a thiosugar, and 4) a two‐step sequential SN2 nucleophilic substitution between side‐chain fragments containing thiol groups and a diiodide derivative.
Modeling biodiversity benchmarks in variable environments
Authors: Yen Jian D. L. , Dorrough Josh , Oliver Ian , Somerville Michael , McNellie Megan J. , Watson Christopher J. , Vesk Peter A. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractEffective environmental assessment and management requires quantifiable biodiversity targets. Biodiversity benchmarks define these targets by focusing on specific biodiversity metrics, such as species richness. However, setting fixed targets can be challenging because many biodiversity metrics are highly variable, both spatially and temporally. We present a multivariate, hierarchical Bayesian method to estimate biodiversity benchmarks based on the species richness and cover of native terrestrial vegetation growth forms. This approach uses existing data to quantify the empirical distributions of species richness and cover within growth forms, and we use the upper quantiles of these distributions to estimate contemporary, “best‐on‐offer” biodiversity benchmarks. Importantly, we allow benchmarks to differ among vegetation types, regions, and seasons, and with changes in recent rainfall. We apply our method to data collected over 30 yr at ~35,000 floristic plots in southeastern Australia. Our estimated benchmarks were broadly consistent with existing expert‐elicited benchmarks, available for a small subset of vegetation types. However, in comparison with expert‐elicited benchmarks, our data‐driven approach is transparent, repeatable, and updatable; accommodates important spatial and temporal variation; aligns modeled benchmarks directly with field data and the concept of best‐on‐offer benchmarks; and, where many benchmarks are required, is likely to be more efficient. Our approach is general and could be used broadly to estimate biodiversity targets from existing data in highly variable environments, which is especially relevant given rapid changes in global environmental conditions.
Sexually differential tolerance to water deficiency of Salix paraplesia—A female‐biased alpine willow
Authors: Liao Jun , Song Haifeng , Tang Duoteng , Zhang Sheng 
Published: July 2019

AbstractSalicaceae plants are dioecious woody plants. Previous studies have shown that male individuals are more tolerant to water deficiency than females for male‐biased poplars. However, Salix paraplesia is a female‐biased species in nature. It is still unknown whether female willows are more tolerant to drought stress than males. To better understand the sexually different tolerance to water deficiency in willows, a greenhouse experiment combined with a field investigation was conducted, and physiological traits were tested in male and female S. paraplesia under a drought‐stressed condition (50% of soil water capacity). Our field investigation showed that S. paraplesia was a species with female‐biased sex ratio along altitude gradients (2,400 m, 2,600 m and 2,800 m) in their natural habitats. Our results showed that the height growth, biomass accumulation, total chlorophyll pigment content (TChl), and the net photosynthetic rate were higher in female willows than in males at the low and middle altitudes (2,400 m and 2,600 m) rather than at a high altitude (2,800 m) under well‐watered conditions. Under drought‐stressed conditions, the growth, biomass, and photosynthesis were greatly inhibited in both sexes, while females showed higher biomass and TChl content and suffered less negative effects than did males. Particularly, females that originated from a high altitude showed lower leaf relative electrolyte leakage, malondialdehyde content, and less disorder of chloroplast ultrastructures but a higher peroxidase activity (POD) than that of males. Therefore, S. paraplesia females exhibited a better drought tolerance and self‐protective ability than males from high altitude. There is a reason to speculate that the population structure of S. paraplesia at a high altitude would be likely to further female biases with the increased drought intensity in the alpine regions.
Edaphic and host plant factors are linked to the composition of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities in the root zone of endangeredUlmus chenmouiCheng in China
Authors: Song Juan , Chen Long , Chen Fengmao , Ye Jianren 
Published: July 2019

AbstractDespite the importance of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) within deciduous forest ecosystems, we know little about how natural AMF communities are structured in the root zone of the endangered elm speciesUlmus chenmoui. In this study, threeU. chenmouisampling sites, differing with respect to plant health, age, and growth status, were selected in Anhui Province, China. AMF biodiversity in the root zones of individualU. chenmouitrees was investigated using high‐throughput sequencing. In total, 61 AMF operational taxonomic units were detected. Five genera, namelyGlomus(62.82%),Paraglomus(17.82%),Rhizophagus(4.29%),Septoglomus(4.06%) andFunneliformis(2.35%), and 29 species of AMF were identified. Correlation analysis indicated that available soil phosphorus and potassium concentrations were the main edaphic factors influencing AMF community structure. There was a difference in AMF species richness among the threeU. chenmouistands. Our study showed that soil nutrient concentrations and plant health, age, and growth status can exert a selective effect on the composition of the AMF population in the soil in the root zones ofU. chenmouitrees.
Thermal cracking prediction of frameless glazing exposed to radiant fluxes increasing with height
Authors: Yang Yuzhuo , Chow Cheuk Lun 
Published: July 2019

SummaryThe prediction of losing integrity of glazing elements exposed to compartment fires is important in building fire safety. Existing criterion is only appropriate for framed glazing but not frameless glazing due to omission of the flexing stress in the former. A robust and directly applicable expression to determine the location and time of thermal cracking of frameless glazing is lacking in the literature. In this work, thermal stress calculations including the effect of flexing stress were performed based on typical temperature distributions of glazing exposed to compartment fires, and then simple expressions of the maximum stress were derived. Besides, experiments of frameless glazing exposed to heat radiation were carried out to verify the applicability and accuracy of the obtained expressions, as well as to investigate the cracking behavior of frameless glazing. Results show that the proposed expression of maximum stress agrees well with the experimental cracking behavior. Cracks start from the bottom edge and the upper edge of the glazing when exposed to typical distribution of radiant fluxes from compartment fires. In addition, flexing stress has significant contribution to the total stress field.
Human cerebrospinal fluid promotes spontaneous gamma oscillations in the hippocampus in vitro
Authors: Bjorefeldt Andreas , Roshan Firoz , Forsberg My , Zetterberg Henrik , Hanse Eric , Fisahn André 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTGamma oscillations (30–80 Hz) are fast network activity patterns frequently linked to cognition. They are commonly studied in hippocampal brain slices in vitro, where they can be evoked via pharmacological activation of various receptor families. One limitation of this approach is that neuronal activity is studied in a highly artificial extracellular fluid environment, as provided by artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF). Here, we examine the influence of human cerebrospinal fluid (hCSF) on kainate‐evoked and spontaneous gamma oscillations in mouse hippocampus. We show that hCSF, as compared to aCSF of matched electrolyte and glucose composition, increases the power of kainate‐evoked gamma oscillations and induces spontaneous gamma activity in areas CA3 and CA1 that is reversed by washout. Bath application of atropine entirely abolished hCSF‐induced gamma oscillations, indicating critical contribution from muscarinic acetylcholine receptor‐mediated signaling. In separate whole‐cell patch clamp recordings from rat hippocampus, hCSF increased theta resonance frequency and strength in pyramidal cells along with enhancement of h‐current (Ih) amplitude. We found no evidence of intrinsic gamma frequency resonance at baseline (aCSF) among fast‐spiking interneurons, and this was not altered by hCSF. However, hCSF increased the excitability of fast‐spiking interneurons, which likely contributed to gamma rhythmogenesis. Our findings show that hCSF promotes network gamma oscillations in the hippocampus in vitro and suggest that neuromodulators distributed in CSF could have significant influence on neuronal network activity in vivo.