bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Incidence and outcomes of transient new-onset atrial fibrillation complicating acute coronary syndromes: results from a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Salerno Nadia , Ielapi Jessica , Cersosimo Angelica , Leo Isabella , Sabatino Jolanda , De Rosa Salvatore , Sorrentino Sabato , Torella Daniele 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
The overall risk of long-term adverse events of a transient episode of new-onset atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) remains uncertain. This meta-analysis aimed to assess the prognostic impact of transient new-onset AF complicating ACS.

Methods and results
Cohort studies examining the risk of adverse events in patients with transient new-onset AF compared to those in sinus rhythm after ACS were identified through a comprehensive search of MEDLINE, Scopus, Cochrane, and Google Scholar Library. Studies reporting the incidence of ischaemic stroke events, recurrent AF, or all-cause mortality at the longest follow-up were included. Adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were synthesized using inverse variance-weighted random-effects meta-analysis. In the seven observational studies included, comprising 151 735 patients, 6 597 (4.3%) experienced transient new-onset AF, which was associated with an increased risk of ischaemic stroke, recurrent AF, or all-cause mortality (HR: 2.24, 95% CI: 1.75–2.85; P &lt; 0.0001; I2 = 30.76%; seven studies). The results remained consistent across each individual endpoint, including ischaemic stroke (HR 2.38, 95% CI: 1.64–3.44; P &lt; 0.01; I2 = 50.2%; five studies), recurrent AF (HR 4.68, 95% CI: 2.07–10.59; P = 0.0002; I2 = 50.2%; four studies), and all-cause mortality (HR 1.36, 95% CI: 1.08–1.71; P = 0.0089; I2 = 53.25%; four studies). Meta-regression analyses revealed a significant increase in these adverse events associated with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (P = 0.001), while there was a tendency for their decrease associated with oral anticoagulant prescription at discharge (P = 0.07).

Conclusions
The occurrence of transient new-onset AF is associated with an elevated long-term risk of stroke, recurrent AF, and all-cause mortality in patients with ACS. Consequently, these data urge randomized clinical trials to assess the best antithrombotic regimen while potentially helping the current treatment decision-making process for these patients.
Associations between social determinants of health and cardiovascular and cancer mortality in cancer survivors: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Chan Jeffrey Shi Kai , Satti Danish Iltaf , Ching Yat Long Anson , Lee Quinncy , Dee Edward Christopher , Ng Kenrick , Chou Oscar Hou-In , Liu Tong , Tse Gary , Lai Agnes 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Aims
The cause-specific mortality implications of social determinants of health (SDOH) in cancer survivors were unclear. This study aimed to explore associations between SDOH and cardiovascular and cancer mortality in cancer survivors.

Methods and results
Data from 2013 to 2017 National Health Interview Survey were used for this prospective cohort study. Social determinants of health were quantified using a 38 point, 6 domain score, with higher points indicating worse deprivation. Associations between SDOH and outcomes (primary: cardiovascular mortality; secondary: cancer and all-cause mortality) were assessed using cause-specific multivariable Cox regression, with cancer survivors and individuals without cancer modelled separately. Post hoc analyses were performed among cancer survivors to explore associations between each domain of SDOH and the risks of outcomes. Altogether, 37 882 individuals were analysed (4179 cancer survivors and 33 703 individuals without cancer). Among cancer survivors, worse SDOH was associated with higher cardiovascular [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 1.31 (1.02–1.68)], cancer [aHR 1.20 (1.01–1.42)], and all-cause mortality [aHR 1.16 (1.02–1.31)] when adjusted for demographics, comorbidities, and risk factors. Among individuals without cancer, SDOH was associated with cardiovascular mortality and all-cause when only adjusted for demographics, but not when further adjusted for comorbidities and risk factors; no associations between SDOH and cancer mortality were found. Among cancer survivors, psychological distress, economic stability, neighbourhood, physical environment and social cohesion, and food insecurity were varyingly associated with the outcomes.

Conclusion
Social determinants of health were independently associated with all-cause, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality among cancer survivors but not among individuals without cancer. Different domains of SDOH may have different prognostic importance.
Nursing Home Staff  With Children: Unique Needs Among Single and Partnered Parents
Authors: Kennedy Katherine A , Mohr David C , Mills Whitney L 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background and Objectives
Nursing home (NH) staff job dissatisfaction and turnover are associated with lower care quality. However, little is known about the impact of being single on workplace experiences. Guided by the Job Demands-Control-Support Model, we compared job satisfaction, turnover intention, and psychological distress for single and partnered parents working in NHs.

Research Design and Methods
Employee and manager data from the 2011 to 2012 wave of the Work Family Health Network study were combined (N = 1,144) to define parents with complete data (N = 586). Bivariate tests and multivariate regressions clustering observations within NHs were used.

Results
Most single parents (n = 190, 32%) were nursing assistants (NAs; n = 142, 74.74%) or licensed practical nurses (LPNs; n = 29, 15.26%). Compared with partnered parents, single parents were similar on turnover intention and job satisfaction, but they were more likely to report distress (OR = 1.79, 95% CI 1.09, 2.94) observed only among NAs (OR = 2.08, 95% CI 1.12, 3.85). Psychological distress was associated with greater turnover intent (β = 0.02, p &lt; .05) among NAs and LPNs, yet only among single parents (β = 0.04, p &lt; .01). Distress was more likely with higher family-to-work conflict (OR = 1.67, 95% CI 1.18, 2.36) and work-to-family conflict (OR = 1.60, 95% CI 1.20, 2.14) among licensed nurses, yet the distress–work–family conflict associations were only significant for partnered parent nurses.

Discussion and Implications
Supporting NH staff depends upon knowing their parental, relationship, and occupational status. Additional research is needed to understand and develop strategies to mitigate psychological distress and increase resources particularly among NA single parents employed in NHs.
Brassica vegetables—an undervalued nutritional goldmine
Authors: Zhang Xiaomeng , Jia Qiong , Jia Xin , Li Jie , Sun Xiaoxue , Min Leiguo , Liu Zhaokun , Ma Wei , Zhao Jianjun 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The genus Brassica includes six species and over 15 types of vegetables that are widely cultivated and consumed globally. This group of vegetables is rich in bioactive compounds, including glucosinolates, vitamins (such as vitamin C, folate, tocopherol, and phylloquinone), carotenoids, phenols, and minerals, which are crucial for enriching diets and maintaining human health. However, the full extent of these phytonutrients and their significant health benefits remain to be fully elucidated. This review highlights the nutrient compositions and health advantages of Brassica vegetables and discusses the impacts of various processing methods on their nutritional value. Additionally, we discuss potential strategies for enhancing the nutrition of Brassica crops through agronomic biofortification, conventional breeding, and biotechnological or metabolic engineering approaches. This review lays the foundation for the nutritional improvement of Brassica crops.
The prognostic significance of modified frailty index-5 in patients undergoing pneumonectomy for lung cancer
Authors: Sayan Muhammet , Artiran Bengisu , Ozturk Funda , Fattahov Mahir , Akarsu Irmak , Aslan Muhammet Tarik , Ahmadova Gunel , Kurtoglu Aysegul , Kurul Ismail Cuneyt , Celik Ali 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
In some centrally located lung cancers, complete excision of the mass cannot be achieved with parenchymal-sparing procedures and pneumonectomy may be required. The mortality and morbidity rates of pneumonectomy were reported to be considerably high. Here, we investigated the effectivity of modified frailty index-5 (MFI-5) in patients undergoing pneumonectomy for non-small cell lung cancer.

METHODS
Data of patients who underwent pneumonectomy for non-small cell lung cancer between January 2018 and December 2023 were reviewed retrospectively. The MFI-5 score was determined by preoperative diabetes mellitus, hypertension, chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases, congestive heart failure and functional status. The effectiveness of the MFI-5 score for the presence of postoperative major complications and 30-day mortality was investigated by multivariate logistic regression analysis. A P-value &lt;0.05 was considered statistically significant.

RESULTS
A total of 107 patients who met the inclusion criteria were included in the study. Eight (7.5%) of patients were female, and the mean age was 61.4 ± 8.7. The MFI-5 score was 0 in 48 patients (44.9%), 1 in 27 patients (25.2%) and 2 in 20 patients (18.7%). Postoperative 30-day mortality was detected in 4 patients (3.7%), and the major complications occurred in 42 patients (39.3%). In multivariate analysis, an MFI-5 score of 2 or higher (P = 0.008, OR: 4.9) was statistically significant for complications, whereas age, gender, side of the operation, &lt;2 MFI-5 score, tumor diameter, type of surgery and lymph node metastasis status were not statistically significant (P &gt; 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS
The MFI-5 score is a significant indicator for predicting major postoperative events in patients who underwent pneumonectomy for non-small cell lung cancer.

Clinical registration number
2024-323, approved by Gazi University Local Ethics Committee.
On the use of machine learning in supply chain management: a systematic review
Authors: Babai M Z , Arampatzis M , Hasni M , Lolli F , Tsadiras A 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Accepted by: Aris Syntetos
Machine learning (ML) has evolved into a crucial tool in supply chain management, effectively addressing the complexities associated with decision-making by leveraging available data. The utilization of ML has markedly surged in recent years, extending its influence across various supply chain operations, ranging from procurement to product distribution. In this paper, based on a systematic search, we provide a comprehensive literature review of the research dealing with the use of ML in supply chain management. We present the major contributions to the literature by classifying them into five classes using the five processes of the supply chain operations reference framework. We demonstrate that the applications of ML in supply chain management have significantly increased in both trend and diversity over recent years, with substantial expansion since 2019. The review also reveals that demand forecasting has attracted most of the applications followed by inventory management and transportation. The paper enables to identify the research gaps in the literature and provides some avenues for further research.
Significant role of symbiotic bacteria in the blood digestion and reproduction of Dermanyssus gallinae mites
Authors: Liu Qi , Sun Tiancong , Wang Penglong , Wang Lifang , Frantova Helena , Hartmann David , Perner Jan , Sun Weiwei , Pan Baoliang 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Endosymbiotic bacteria significantly impact the fitness of their arthropod hosts. Dermanyssus gallinae, the poultry red mite, is a blood-feeding ectoparasite that exclusively feeds on avian blood. While there is a relatively comprehensive understanding of its microbial community structures across developmental stages based on 16S rRNA sequencing， the functional integration of these microbes within the host’s physiology remains elusive. This study aims to elucidate the role of symbiotic bacteria in D. gallinae biology. 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing and fluorescence in situ hybridization revealed a prominent midgut-confinement bacterial microbiota with considerable diversity, out of which Kocuria and Bartonella A acted as the predominant bacterial genera inhabiting D. gallinae. The relative abundance of Bartonella A increased rapidly after blood-sucking, suggesting its adaptation to a blood-based diet and its pivotal role in post-engorgement activities. Some of the isolated bacterial strains from D. gallinae display hemolytic activity on blood agar, potentially aiding blood digestion. To corroborate this in vivo, antibiotic-mediated clearance was exploited to generate dysbiosed cohorts of D. gallinae mites, lacking some of the key bacterial species. Phenotypic assessments revealed that dysbiosed mites experienced delayed blood digestion and diminished reproductive capacity. Whole-genome sequencing identified Bartonella A as a new species within the genus Bartonella, exhibiting characteristics of an obligate symbiont. These findings underscore the significance of microbiota in poultry red mites and suggest microbiota-targeted strategies for controlling mite populations in poultry farms.
Crushed posaconazole delayed-release tablets for antifungal prophylaxis and treatment in children
Authors: Weerdenburg Heather , Gwee Amanda , Haeusler Gabrielle M , Osowicki Joshua , Boast Alison 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is recommended for posaconazole to achieve target concentrations of ≥0.7 mg/L and ≥1.0 mg/L for prophylaxis and treatment of invasive fungal infection (IFI), respectively. However, target attainment is challenging with the oral suspension, particularly in children. Here, we describe our experience using crushed delayed-release tablet (DRT) in a paediatric cohort, with a focus on TDM.

Methods
We undertook a retrospective audit of crushed posaconazole DRT administration via enteral feeding tubes (EFTs) for patients aged ≤18 years over 18 months at The Royal Children’s Hospital Melbourne who had at least one trough concentration measured at steady state. Details of patient demographics, posaconazole dosing, monitoring and adverse effects were recorded.

Results
Twelve patients with a median age of 9 years (range 2 to 14) received posaconazole DRT via EFT for prophylaxis (n = 8) or treatment (n = 4). All children achieved target concentration, with a median dose of 7 mg/kg/day (range 5 to 11) for prophylaxis and 13 mg/kg/day (range 9 to 20) for treatment. The median time to reach therapeutic levels was 7 days (range 5 to 14) for prophylaxis and 20 days (range 15 to 35) for treatment. One child had blockage of their EFT, which was attributed to posaconazole. No other adverse effects were observed.

Conclusions
Crushed posaconazole DRT administered via EFT may be used as a method of attaining therapeutic posaconazole concentrations in children for antifungal prophylaxis and treatment.
Thermal evolution of lava planets
Authors: Herath Mahesh , Boukaré Charles-Édouard , Cowan Nicolas B 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT
Rocky planets typically form with a transient magma ocean. Lava planets, however, maintain a permanent day-side magma ocean. The extent of this magma ocean depends on the planet’s thermal history. We present numerical simulations of the thermal history of tidally locked lava planets over 10 billion years, starting from a completely molten mantle. The day-side surface temperature is fixed at 3000 K, while the night-side surface temperature cools by thermal radiation. We consider planets with radii of 1.0 and 1.5${\rm R}_{\oplus}$; super-Earths have shallower steady-state magma oceans due to their greater gravity. The night-side begins crystallizing within a few thousand years, fully solidifying in 800 Myr, in the absence of tidal heating or day–night heat transport. We find that a mushy night-side can persist if at least 20 per cent of absorbed stellar power is transferred from the day to night hemisphere through magma currents, which would be feasible at a viscosity of $10^{-3}$ Pa s. Maintaining a fully molten night-side by magma ocean circulation would require unrealistically low viscosities and therefore appears unlikely. Alternatively, the night-side may remain molten if the mush layer dissipates tidal energy at a rate of $8 \times 10^{-4}$ W kg−1, which is plausible for orbital eccentricities greater than $7 \times 10^{-3}$. Night-side cooling, however, is a runaway process: increasing viscosity and mush solidification hinder both heat transport and tidal heating. Our results highlight the importance of measuring the night-side temperatures of lava planets, which would provide crucial insights into their thermal histories.
MANTA-Ray: Supercharging Speeds for Calculating the Optical Properties of Fractal Aggregates in the Long-wavelength Limit
Authors: Lodge M G , Wakeford H R , Leinhardt Z M 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT
Correctly modelling the absorptive properties of dust and haze particles is of great importance for determining the abundance of solid matter within protoplanetary discs and planetary atmospheres. Rigorous analyses such as the discrete dipole approximation (DDA) can be used to obtain accurate absorption cross-sections, but these require significant computing time and are often impractical to use in models. A simple analytical equation exists for spherical particles in the long-wavelength limit (where the wavelength is much larger than the size of the dust particle), but we demonstrate that this can significantly underestimate the absorption. This effect is found to depend strongly on refractive index, with values of $m=1+11$i corresponding to an underestimate in absorption by a factor of 1000. Here we present MANTA-Ray (modified absorption of non-spherical tiny aggregates in the RAYleigh regime): a simple model that can calculate absorption efficiencies within 10–20 per cent of the values predicted by DDA, but $10^{13}$ times faster. MANTA-Ray is very versatile and works for any wavelength and particle size in the long wavelength regime. It is also very flexible with regards to particle shape, and can correctly model structures ranging from long linear chains to tight compact clusters, composed of any material with refractive index 1 + 0.01i $\le m \le$ 11 + 11i. The packaged model is provided as publicly available code for use by the astrophysical community.
A link to the past: characterizing wandering black holes in Milky Way-type galaxies
Authors: Untzaga J , Bonoli S , Izquierdo-Villalba D , Mezcua M , Spinoso D 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT
A population of non-stellar black holes (BHs) ($\gtrsim$100 M$_{\odot }$) has been long predicted to wander the Milky Way (MW). We aim to characterize this population by using the L-Galaxies semi-analytical model applied on top of the high-resolution Millennium-II merger trees. Our results predict $\sim$10 wandering black holes (WBHs) with masses $\sim$2 $\times$ 10$^{3}$ M$_{\odot }$ in a typical z = 0 MW galaxy, accounting for $\sim 2~{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ of the total non-stellar BH mass budget of the galaxy. We find that the locations of these wanderers correlate with their formation scenario. While the ones concentrated at $\lesssim$1 kpc from the galactic nucleus on the disc come from past galactic mergers, the ones formed as a consequence of ejections due to gravitational recoils or the disruption of satellite galaxies are typically located at $\gtrsim$100 kpc. Such small and large distances might explain the absence of strong observational evidence for WBHs in the MW. Our results also indicate that $\sim 67~{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ of the wandering population is conformed by the leftovers of BH seeds that had little to no growth since their formation. We find that WBHs that are leftover seeds become wanderers at an earlier time with respect to grown seeds, and also come from more metal-poor galaxies. Finally, we show that the number of WBHs in a MW-type galaxy depends on the seeding efficiency.
The evolution of the coronal loop structure due to the phase mixing of high and low-frequency Alfvén waves
Authors: Callingham H , De Moortel I , Pagano P 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT
Coronal loops are known to host Alfvén waves propagating in the corona from the lower layers of the solar atmosphere and because of their internal structure, phase mixing is likely to occur. The structure of the coronal loop could be significantly affected by the thermodynamic feedback of the heating generated by phase mixing. However, this phenomenon can be sensitive to the period of the propagating Alfvén waves due to how short period waves can be easily dissipated and the way long-period waves may accumulate considerable energy in resonating coronal loops. Using the Lare2d code, a coronal loop model of a field-aligned thermodynamic equilibrium and a cross-field background heating profile is created, with an additional forcing term added to drive Alfvén waves with coronal amplitudes between $5{\!-\!}30 \, \mathrm{km} \, \mathrm{s}^{-1}$. We show that high-frequency waves can generate heating corresponding to a ${\sim} 10~{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ increase of the initial coronal shell temperature, chromospheric upflows of up to  $0.6 \, \mathrm{km} \, \mathrm{s}^{-1}$ and a coronal shell mass increase of ${\sim} 15~{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$. These changes are sufficient to alter and maintain a new coronal loop density structure, broadening the region where efficient phase mixing (and therefore heating) occurs. In contrast, low-frequency waves are unable to be effectively dissipated, resulting in minimal changes to the loop structure. We see little evidence of wave energy accumulation in the corona and are unable to conclude that the dissipation of low-frequency Alfvén waves can be an effective heating mechanism in coronal loops in the setup used in this study.
gutMGene v2.0: an updated comprehensive database for target genes of gut microbes and microbial metabolites
Authors: Qi Changlu , He Guoyou , Qian Kai , Guan Siyuan , Li Zhaohai , Liang Shuang , Liu Juntao , Ke Xianzhe , Zhang Sainan , Lu Minke , Cheng Liang , Zhang Xue 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The gut microbiota is essential for various physiological functions in the host, primarily through the metabolites it produces. To support researchers in uncovering how gut microbiota contributes to host homeostasis, we launched the gutMGene database in 2022. In this updated version, we conducted an extensive review of previous papers and incorporated new papers to extract associations among gut microbes, their metabolites, and host genes, carefully classifying these as causal or correlational. Additionally, we performed metabolic reconstructions for representative gut microbial genomes from both human and mouse. gutMGene v2.0 features an upgraded web interface, providing users with improved accessibility and functionality. This upgraded version is freely available at http://bio-computing.hrbmu.edu.cn/gutmgene. We believe that this new version will greatly advance research in the gut microbiota field by offering a comprehensive resource.