bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The crystal structure of diaqua-bis(μ2-3-((3-acetyl-5-carboxyphenyl)oxidophosphoryl)-5-carboxybenzoato-κ2
O:O′)bis(5,5′-dimethyl-2,2′-bipyridine-k2
N,N′)zinc(II), C56H46N4O22P2Zn2
Authors: Li Yesheng , Chen Huating , Chen Han , Hu Xingen , Xiao Hongping 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
C56H46N4O22P2Zn2, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 9.6537(4) Å, b = 31.1374(11) Å, c = 9.8927(4) Å, β = 112.709(2)°, V = 2743.13(19) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0341, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0934, T = 296(2) K.
Tiam1 is Critical for Glutamatergic Synapse Structure and Function in the Hippocampus
Authors: Rao Sadhna , Kay Yuni , Herring Bruce E. 
Published: October 2019

Mounting evidence suggests numerous glutamatergic synapse subtypes exist in the brain, and that these subtypes are likely defined by unique molecular regulatory mechanisms. Recent work has identified substantial divergence of molecular composition between commonly studied Schaffer collateral synapses and perforant path–dentate gyrus (DG) synapses of the hippocampus. However, little is known about the molecular mechanisms that may confer unique properties to perforant path–DG synapses. Here we investigate whether the RhoGEF (Rho guanine–nucleotide exchange factor) protein Tiam1 plays a unique role in the regulation of glutamatergic synapses in dentate granule neurons using a combination of molecular, electrophysiological, and imaging approaches in rat entorhino-hippocampal slices of both sexes. We find that inhibition of Tiam1 function in dentate granule neurons reduces synaptic AMPA receptor function and causes dendritic spines to adopt an elongated filopodia-like morphology. We also find that Tiam1's support of perforant path–DG synapse function is dependent on its GEF domain and identify a potential role for the auto-inhibitory PH domain of Tiam1 in regulating Tiam1 function at these synapses. In marked contrast, reduced Tiam1 expression in CA1 pyramidal neurons produced no effect on glutamatergic synapse development. Together, these data identify a critical role for Tiam1 in the hippocampus and reveal a unique Tiam1-mediated molecular program of glutamatergic synapse regulation in dentate granule neurons.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTSeveral lines of evidence independently point to the molecular diversity of glutamatergic synapses in the brain. Rho guanine–nucleotide exchange factor (RhoGEF) proteins as powerful modulators of glutamatergic synapse function have also become increasingly appreciated in recent years. Here we investigate the synaptic regulatory role of the RhoGEF protein Tiam1, whose expression appears to be remarkably enriched in granule neurons of the dentate gyrus. We find that Tiam1 plays a critical role in the development of glutamatergic perforant path–dentate gyrus synapses, but not in commonly studied in Schaffer collateral–CA1 synapses. Together, these data reveal a unique RhoGEF-mediated molecular program of glutamatergic synapse regulation in dentate granule neurons.
Challenges in the diagnosis and management of valve disease: the case for the specialist valve clinic
Authors: Messika-Zeitoun David , Burwash Ian G. , Thierry Mesana 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Valvular heart disease (VHD) is responsible for a major societal and economic burden. Incidence and prevalence of VHD are high and increase as the population ages, creating the next epidemic. In Western countries, the etiology is mostly degenerative or functional disease and strikes an elderly population with multiple comorbidities. Epidemiological studies have shown that VHD is commonly underdiagnosed, leading to patients presenting late in their disease course, to an excess risk of mortality and morbidity and to a missed opportunity for intervention. Once diagnosed, VHD is often undertreated with patients unduly denied intervention, the only available curative treatment. This gap between current recommendations and clinical practice and the marked under-treatment is at least partially related to poor knowledge of current National and International Societies Guidelines. Development of a valvular heart team involving multidisciplinary valve specialists including clinicians, imaging specialists, interventional cardiologists and surgeons is expected to fill these gaps and to offer an integrated care addressing all issues of patient management from evaluation, risk-assessment, decision-making and performance of state-of-the-art surgical and transcatheter interventions. The valvular heart team will select the right treatment for the right patient, improving cost-effectiveness and ultimately patients’ outcomes.
Fanwork: Made From Something Different
Authors: Orlove Hannah 
Published: October 2019

Watching Deep Space Nine was an exercise in peering around corners and being unable to get a straight-on view of what I knew to be just beyond my field of vision. Not necessarily in terms of the greater world of the Star Trek universe – that I could see much more easily, as DS9 is still the only Star Trek series that took the time to consider what day-to-day life would be like in the greater world of the show outside of Federation starships thanks to it being set on a space station, boldly parking instead of going – but very specifically, in regards to Julian Bashir. The show’s primary medical character, a bright young doctor straight out of Starfleet Academy, who quickly learns there’s more to his mission than he thought while never losing any of his dedication or kindness.

I’ve read about Alexander Siddig’s portrayal of Bashir, of his work turning him from someone deliberately unlikable into one of Star Trek’s beloved characters. I’m familiar with Bashir’s backstory and growth, his canonical developmental disorder and his transformation from fresh-faced graduate to hardened, mature officer. And throughout it all, I’ve always wondered, did they mean for him to sound like me?
It’s Not Weird… Like Werewolves.
Authors: Liang Bridget 
Published: October 2019

This paper is both a theoretical and creative exploration using fan ficion. Monsters have drawn my interest because they are often metaphors for marginalized folks. Through histories of marginalized experiences represented as monsters and villains, I claim the monster as my own. In more recent iterations of the monster, I have observed this pull towards the normate looking at the show Teen Wolf in comparison to the 1984 movie by the same name. The monster becomes the protagonist, but in doing so, ends up becoming predominantly white, heterosexual, cisgender, abled, thin, and conventionally attractive. Furthermore, the representations of the monster consist of bodies that draw closer to the normate, but are exemplary of the norms of desirability. In short, they find the hottest models to play as monsters. The monster is no longer the marginalized subject, but becomes an expected, unattainable norm of desirability like Audre Lorde’s “mythical norm”.
In response to this mythical norm, I have rewritten the scripts as fans sometimes do. In Teen Wolf, the protagonist, Scott McCall becomes abled upon becoming a werewolf. What if he stayed disabled and wasn’t drawn closer to the normate? What if instead, he stayed a disabled nerd and ended up in a relationship with his best friend, Stiles, another disabled nerd? This little slice of life explores a little about what it’s like to be disabled, queer, racialized, and a monster that’s a little more representative of what it’s like to be marginalized.
Pengaruh Pendapatan Premi dan Hasil Investasi terhadap Underwriting Dana Tabarru’ pada PT. Asuransi Jiwa Bringin Jiwa Sejahtera
Authors: Darmawansyah Trisna Taufik , Aguspriyani Yani 
Published: October 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mencari pengaruh variabel bebas yaitu Pendapatan Premi (X1) dan Hasil Investasi (X2) terhadap variabel terikat yaitu Underwriting Dana Tabarru’ (Y). Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kuantitatif yang menganalisis data dengan alat statistik dalam bentuk angka-angka pada PT Asuransi Jiwa Bringin Jiwa Sejahtera dengan sumber datanya adalah data sekunder yang diperoleh dan dan web Resmi PT Asuransi Jiwa Bringin Jiwa Sejahtera (www.bringinlife.co.id), web resmi Otoritas jasa keuangan (www.ojk.go.id). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa : Pendapatan Premi terbukti berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap Underwriting dana Tabaru’. Hasil Investasi terbukti berpengaruh terhadap Underwriting dana Tabaru’ namun tidak begitu signifikan. secara simultan Pendapatan Premi dan Hasil Investasi terbukti berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap Underwriting dana Tabaru’.
Efektifitas Himpunan Bebas Linear dalam Menentukan Solusi Sistem Persamaan Linear di Ruang Norm-3
Authors: Sukaesih Esih , Widiastuti T. Tutut 
Published: October 2019

Ruang norm-3 didefinisikan sebagai ruang vektor X yang dilengkapi dengan norm-3 . Pada penelitian ini, diambil ruang vektor X dengan dim(X)=5 dan A adalah himpunan m vektor bebas linear di X, untuk m=2,3,4. Pada kondisi tersebut, dipelajari keefektifitasan himpunan bebas linear A dalam mendekati titik tetap dengan membandingkan galat pada setiap kondisi.
Role of CaMKK2 in Osteoclast Development and Function
Authors: Smith Maddie , Sankar Uma 
Published: October 2019

Background and Hypothesis: In bone remodeling there are two opposing forces, osteoclast resorption and osteoblast synthesis of bone. When there is an imbalance, osteoporosis is likely found. We look to determine the role that Ca2+/calmodulin (CaM)-dependent protein kinase kinase 2 (CaMKK2) has on osteoclast development and attachment. Previous studies show that Camkk2-/- mice have fewer mature osteoclasts that display poor attachment to the bone. These results suggest that there is a defect in facilitating osteoclast differentiation, or a defect in the attachment itself. Thus, we hypothesize that CaMKK2 plays an integral role in the development and function of the osteoclast cytoskeleton.
Experimental Design or Project Methods: We plated different concentrations of bone marrow cells isolated from male and female, wildtype and Camkk2-/- mice to investigate size and number of mature osteoclasts present. We examined the size of the resorption pits made by these osteoclasts, when plated on calcium phosphate-coated surfaces. We analyzed the RNA and protein and stained the cells immunohistochemically for proteins associated with cell attachment.
Results: There were greater numbers of mature osteoclasts in the Camkk2-/- males at each density than the wildtype males. The female mice followed the same trend, but with fewer osteoclasts overall.
The average area per resorbed pit was two-times larger in the WT males than the Camkk2-/- males. But, for the females the opposite trend is shown, the pits from the Camkk2-/- females were twice as large as those formed from the wildtype females.
To gauge efficiency, we calculated the average area resorbed per osteoclast. For the males, significantly greater efficiency from the wildtype osteoclasts was found than the Camkk2-/- osteoclasts. For the females, there was no difference in efficiency at the lower plating densities, but the osteoclasts from the Camkk2-/- females had greater efficiency at the greater densities.
Remaining results are to be finalized.
Conclusion and Potential Impact: With the decrease in efficiency of Camkk2-/- mice osteoclasts, we believe that CaMKK2 is necessary for the attachment of OCs. CaMKK2 could be a target to slow the pathologic breakdown of bone.
Prevalence of Dyslipidaemia in HIV-infected Children Treated with Protease Inhibitors in South Africa
Authors: Sipambo Nosisa , Coovadia Ashraf , Meyers Tammy , Sawry Shobna 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background: HIV infection and antiretroviral therapy (ART) are associated with dyslipidaemia in children. Protease-inhibitor-based regimens, in particular, have shown the highest association.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of children treated with either a first- or second-line lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) regimen who had any non-fasting lipid tests done from 2004 to 2015. Dyslipidaemia was defined as hypercholesterolaemia (total cholesterol ≥5.13 mmol/l) and/or hypertriglyceridaemia (total triglycerides ≥1.69 mmol/l). There were four cross-sectional points of analysis in this study: ART start, LPV/r start, 12 and 24 months. Demographic and clinical characteristics were compared using univariate and multivariate analyses to determine risk factors for dyslipidaemia at each time point.
Results: The median age at ART start was 1.6 (0.4; 4.4) increasing to 3.6 (2.6; 6.2) years by 24 months. The majority (51%) of the children had severe immune suppression (CD4 count <200 or CD4% < 15%) at ART start. The prevalence of dyslipidaemia at ART start was 47%, decreasing to 36% at 24 months. Multivariate analysis at 12 months found that children less than 10 years of age and despite having near suppressed/suppressed viral loads (<10,000 copies/ml) were more likely to have dyslipidaemia. Furthermore, ART duration more than 24 months was associated with less dyslipidaemia.
Conclusion: The high prevalence of dyslipidaemia in young children is concerning as LPV/r is the mainstay of ART in young children for the foreseeable future.
A Cross-sectional Descriptive Study of Symptomatic Patent Ductus Arteriosus in Very Low Birth Weight Neonates
Authors: Ngubane-Mwandla NAN , Motara F. , Ballot DE 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background: Very low birth weight (VLBW) neonates with symptomatic patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) are at increased risk of complications of prematurity.
Objective: To describe the incidence and clinical conditions associated with symptomatic PDA in VLBW neonates.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional, retrospective, descriptive study of VLBW neonates admitted to a large urban public hospital between 1 January 2013 and 30 June 2016. Survival outcome and characteristics between VLBW neonates with PDA and those without PDA were compared and analysed using univariate analysis. Binary logistic regression was used to obtain characteristics most significantly associated with symptomatic PDA.
Results: There were 1844 eligible neonates of whom 308 were excluded (24 major birth defects, 34 missing records and 250 discharged or died in the first 72 h). There was echocardiographic confirmation of symptomatic PDA in 184 (11.9%) of the remaining neonates. Blood transfusion (odds ratio 3.180, 95% confidence interval 1.578–6.405, p = 0.001), surfactant therapy (3.190, 1.215–8.381, p = 0.019), intermittent positive pressure ventilation (2.746, 1.703–4.429, p < 0.001) and age on discharge (1.028, 1.017–1.039, p < 0.001) were most associated with increased incidence of PDA. Antenatal steroid use (0.459, 0.285–0.738, p = 0.001) was associated with a decreased incidence of PDA. The majority of symptomatic PDAs received oral ibuprofen (n = 110) compared to conservative treatment (n = 60) and oral indomethacin (n = 5). A few had surgical ligation (n = 9). There was no statistical significance in mortality rates between neonates with and without PDA.
Conclusion: Symptomatic PDA occurred in a minority of VLBW neonates and was not associated with an increased risk of mortality.
Berat Organ Usus Tikus Putih (Rattus Norvegicus) Pasca Penambahan Tepung Daun Kelor (Moringa Oleifera) pada Pakan
Authors: Ersawati Neti , Susari Ni Nyoman Werdi , Setiasih Ni Luh Eka 
Published: October 2019

Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh tepung daun kelor dalam pakan terhadap berat organ usus tikus putih (Rattus norvegicus). Tepung daun kelor diberikan secara oral pada 20 ekor tikus yang dibagi dalam 4 kelompok yaitu 1 kelompok kontrol dan 4 kelompok perlakuan dengan konsentrasi 0%; 2,5%; 5,0%; 10% dan 20% masing-masing dengan 5 kali ulangan selama satu bulan. Tikus putih dibedah dan ditimbang organ ususnya. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL). Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan menggunakan ANOVA (analysis of varian),dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Jarak Berganda Duncan. Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan diperoleh hasil bahwa tidak ada perbedaan berat organ yang signifikan. Kesimpulan: Penambahan tepung daun kelor (Moringa oleifera) pada pakan tidak menyebabkan perubahan terhadap berat organ usus tikus putih (Rattus norvegicus).
Pengaruh Massa Bio-char Kayu Akasia (Acacia mangium) Dan Waktu Perendaman Bio-char Terhadap Adsorpsi Sebum Buatan
Authors: Al azizi Aulia , Erdawati Erdawati , Suhartono Suhartono 
Published: October 2019

Abstrak
Pada penelitian ini dibuat adsorben berupa Bio-char dari kayu akasia (Acacia mangium). Bio-char kayu akasia dibuat dengan cara dipirolisis. Sebum buatan dibuat dengan cara mencampurkan bahan-bahan penyusunnya sesuai komposisi berdasarkan literatur, yaitu squalene, asam lemak, trigliserida, ester wax dan kolesterol yang kemudian dilarutkan dengan toluena. Bio-char kemudian direndam ke dalam larutan sebum dengan variasi massa dan waktu. Kandungan gugus fungsi dari Bio-char kayu akasia ditunjukan melalui hasil analisis FTIR bahwa terdapat gugus amina, karboksil dan hidroksil. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa semakin besar massa Bio-char maka akan semakin optimum daya adsorpsinya dengan waktu optimum 20 menit. Adsorpsi sebum buatan oleh Bio-char kayu akasia mengikuti isoterm adsorpsi yang menunjukan bahwa Bio-char kayu akasia bertipe mesopori.
Kata kunci: adsorpsi, bio-char, mesopori, sebum
Abstract
In this research, an adsorbent was made in the form of Bio-char from acacia wood (Acacia mangium). Acacia wood Bio-char is made by pyrolysis. Artificial sebum is made by mixing the ingredients according to the composition based on literature, namely squalene, fatty acids, triglycerides, ester waxes, and cholesterol which are then dissolved with toluene. Bio-char immersed in a sebum solution with variations in mass and time. The functional group content of acacia wood Bio-char is shown through the results of the FTIR analysis that there are amine, carboxyl, and hydroxyl groups. The results showed that the greater mass of Bio-char, it’s more optimum the adsorption power, with the optimum time of 20 minutes. Adsorption of sebum made by acacia wood Bio-char follows the adsorption isotherm which shows that the Bio-char of acacia wood is mesoporous
Keywords: adsorption, Bio-char, mesoporous, sebum
A Machine Learning Approach for Predicting Rock Brittleness from Conventional Well Logs
Authors: Cornelio Jodel , Ershaghi Iraj 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
In modern logging practices, the Poisson ratio and the Young Modulus as measures of rock Brittleness may be estimated from the dipole sonic and bulk density logs. This is important when subterranean formations are considered for fracturing or when unintended fracturing can be a concern under high injection gradients in fluid injection processes. For most oilfields, the bulk of well log suites run in the past has been limited to basic lithology logs and occasionally some porosity logs. In particular, the sheer sonic velocity log, an important component for estimation of geomechanical properties, has not been a standard measurement on common log suits.
In this paper, we present the result of a study where shear travel time is correlated with measurements from caliper and shale content. The training set we used consisted of well logs for wells that included the shear travel time. We experimented with various approaches and developed a process for in cooperating DNN (deep neural network) to correlate the shear log data to other measurements.
Composite Plug Milling via Wireline Reduces HSE Risks and Logistics on Location
Authors: Comer Alan , Alferez Olivier 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Pre-set or off-depth composite plugs can cause significant non-productive time for a well operator. In the past, fracturing operations using a composite frac or bridge plug that has been pre-set or set off depth required a coiled tubing unit or workover rig to drill the plug out. Then, the well operator could resume the fracturing job or access the wellbore below the plug. However, as this paper demonstrates, composite plug milling via wireline using a tractor and a tractor-based milling tool is a faster, safer, and more cost-effective solution.
In a shale well located in the northern panhandle of West Virginia, a composite frac plug was set off- depth. Prior to mobilizing the tractor-based solution to location, the operator attempted pumping approximately 60,000 pounds of sand to sand-cut the off-depth frac plug out of the well. The sand cutting, though, did not work because perforations above the frac plug took the sand. Other tubing-based solutions required more mobilization time and complex logistics for rigging down and/or moving equipment on location. Therefore, the operator chose a wireline-based method for ease of operation, reduced HSE risk, and cost savings.
The tractor took 50 minutes to drive down 1718 ft in the lateral to the plug. The milling tool milled the top slips on the frac plug in approximately nine hours, and the tractor then pushed the plug 222 ft downhole on top of the previous frac plug. The total time rigged up on the well was 14 hours, and the total time on location was 18 hours. Although this wireline-based plug-milling method takes several hours to mill a plug, the rig-up and execution is simpler than conventional methods, and associated HSE risks on the wellsite are greatly reduced.
The ability to effectively release plugs via wireline provides well operators with another option to complete their objectives, especially when tubing-based methods often take many days or weeks to mobilize at substantial cost to operators.
Integrating Production Analysis With Monte Carlo Simulation for Estimated Ultimate Recovery EUR Prediction
Authors: Mehana Mohamed , Callard Jeff , Mansi Mohamed , Gong Yiwen 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The current scheme for developing shale reservoirs necessitates special considerations while estimating the reserve. While reservoir characteristics lead to an extended infinite acting flow regime, completion schemes could result in a series of linear flows. Therefore, the initial linear flow does not have to be followed by a boundary-dominated flow. Overlooking this observation leads to unphysical Arps’ exponents and overestimations of the Estimated Ultimate Recovery (EUR). We are proposing a workflow to overcome these challenges and honor the inherited uncertainty while using the classic Arps (1956) hyperbolic forecast. Our workflow starts with identifying the current flow regime of the well where two intermediate flow regimes are considered, namely Linear-post-Linear (LPL) and Linear Post Linear Post Linear (LPLPL) flow regimes. We deterministically forecasted the boundary-dominated wells and probabilistically forecasted the rest. We used the distribution of the current flow regime in the field to forecast the transient wells. The well features of the infinite/semi-infinite wells are stochastically sampled from the field database combining well features of the boundary-dominated wells. After that, Monte Carlo simulation is employed to probabilistically estimate the EUR. We constrained the well life by an economical limit or a maximum of 40 years. Bone Springs formation is selected for a field study of this workflow. We found that the LPL is the common current flow regime. A reduction in Arps’ exponent is observed when well experience an intermediate linear flow before boundary-dominated flow. Significant number of interference wells are identified through their Water/Oil Ratio (WOR) signature. We also studied the evolution of EUR which suggests that more than 75% of the production history is needed for the deterministic methods to provide reliable estimates of the EUR. We generated heat maps of the area of interest to summarize the EUR and remaining reserve results.