bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors Associated with Common Health Problems of the Ageing Population in a Rural Municipality: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Giri Shree Shyam , Giri Mahendra , Jha Lalan , Shah Poonam , Shah Laxmi , Mahto Moni , Jha Nilam Kumari , Kapar Vijay Kumar , Yadav Ramji , Yadav Nawal Kishor 
Published: November 2024

Introduction: With increase in life expectancy, gradual rise in number of aging populations is expected in near future. With multiple studies concerned either with younger or sick population, the age group of 40-60 years who are most likely to have change in social roles, exposure to risk factors and increased mental burden are neglected. The study identifies multiple of these health problems and factors associated with the age group and possible recommendations for the concerned authority.
Methods and Materials: A community based cross sectional study was conducted in Bhangaha Municipality of Mahottari district of Nepal with a sample size of 230 people in the age group of 40-60 years irrespective of gender. Face to face interview using a structured questionnaire was conducted with participant after informed verbal consent was received. The data collected were analyzed through SPSS ver.20. Association between socio-demographic structure and health problems were studied.
Results: Eye problem (52.6%) was the most common health problem of the participants followed by Gastrointestinal problems (36.1%) and Musculoskeletal problems (31.7%). Significant association between age and eye problems was found but no such relationship was found between type of food and gastrointestinal problems. Type of family was strongly associated with irritability in the respondents.
Conclusion: With exposure to multiple risk factors in the age group of 40-60 years, multiple health problems are encountered by the age group. Promotion of healthy practices and screening is the need for reduction of these issues.
Community Health Analysis and Evaluation of Bardibash Municipality (Gauridada), Nepal
Authors: Poddar Dharmendra , Khatri Bishna , Pandit Santosh , Kunwar Bipana , Regmi Chudamadi , Lama Dhan Lal , Basnet Manila , Shrestha Prashamsha , Subedi Rajan , Tandukar Biraj , Bhatarai Pratik , Study Group Community Health Diagnosis 
Published: November 2024

Introduction: A community is a group of people living in the particular places having common religion, norms and value. It is a social group with geographical boundaries. Community Health Diagnosis (CHD) address the total well-being of a people occupying a particular place, eliminating health related disease. “CHD is a comprehensive assessment of the state of entire community in relation to its economic, social, physical, and biological environment”. It is a process of examining the pattern of disease in the community and describing it in terms of its importance factors mortality, morbidity, and fertility rate. CHD is use to determine the magnitude of community health related problem, fixing the health problem in priority order, running effective health intervention program and exploring the existing resources.
Materials and Methods: The study was conducted by face-to-face interview among the 290 household of ward 2 of Bardibas Municipality, Mahottari district, Madhesh Province of Nepal, using semi-structured questionnaire with inclusion of community health parameters. The convenient sampling method was used for the study. Verbal informed consent was taken from the respondent as well as the local administrative office before commencing the study. The data was collected in the month of May-June 2017.
Results: The result showed that the community health status of the study area was satisfactory but still there is huge gap between the needs, services and their utilization. Although maximum children are vaccinated according to expanded programme on immunization, most of the people used latrine for defecation, and almost resident use tap water for drinking.
Conclusions: The various related stakeholders of the community should work efficiently to mitigate the gap between health problems and needs in the community. The health program should be specially planned, implemented and analyzed in the deprived and marginalized area of society to address the disparity in the social, economic and health needs.
“It is through struggle that we may write of structure”
Authors: Buier Natalia 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In order to cast light on the limits and merits of Wolf's recourse to the concept of mode of production, I set up a dialogue between Europe and the people without history and the roughly contemporary intervention known as the “Brenner debate.” Wolf provides a mode of production solution and Brenner provides a class struggle solution to envisioning historical process. To explore the analytical strength of bringing Brenner to bear upon Wolf, an analysis of entangled agro-industrial crises in the Spanish province of Huelva is presented. A Wolfian framework, augmented by Brenner's focus on class struggle, reveals how the appropriation of nature and the exploitation of labor are conjoined and reinstates agricultural wage labor in its central position in the reproduction of the regional agricultural model.
Making, taking, relating, and planning
Authors: Rayner Jeremy 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
I take up the “modes of production” presented by Eric Wolf in Europe and the people without history as a set of tools for broad, systemic, and critical thinking about diversity and change in economic and political organization, including the changing forms of capitalist accumulation and the sources, and limits, of capital's planetary preponderance. I argue that Wolf's analysis centers problematics of “making,” “taking,” and “relating” that are necessary to critically assess how our collective capacities to create and destroy are mobilized, directed, and appropriated within and across polities, institutions, and circuits of value. I further argue for the importance of a fourth problematic, “planning,” highlighting the crucial political questions raised by the purposeful allocation of time, energy, and resources, as both actuality and potentiality.
A Wireless Body Area Network for Remote Observation of Physiological Signals
Authors: Jafer Essa , Hussain Sattar J. , Fernando Xavier 
Published: November 2024

<p>The objective of this work is to describe the design process of a wireless body area network (WBAN) for the remote observation of multiple physiological signals from a patient. Various sensors such as temperature, heart rate monitor utilizing electrocardiography, and accelerometer to detect fall and seizure conditions were integrated in the WBAN. Sensed data is wirelessly transmitted to the central control unit (CCU) that is associated with a remote base station. For benchmarking, medically certified sensors were employed to validate wearable sensors data. The sensor information can be ported in the cloud environment using CCU-based gateway with Global System for Mobile communication (GSM) modem capability. This mechanism is facilitating remote access to sensors information. To connect Radio Frequency (RF) units wirelessly, Zigbee mesh topology was adopted. In this way, they can be remotely overseen, managed and controlled by assigned staff. The presented prototype featuring the desired WBAN system performance was evaluated with different human postures and moving scenarios. </p>
oHealth: Opportunistic Healthcare in Public Transit through Fog and Edge Computing
Authors: Aazam Mohammad , Fernando Xavier 
Published: November 2024

<p>Access to healthcare services is one of the fundamental pillars of society today. People either have access to healthcare or they are not privileged enough to visit a doctor. In underprivileged societies, access to healthcare is difficult due to various reasons such as fewer number of doctors and healthcare facilities, inefficient communication means, and so on. This may result in exaggeration of the disease or threat to life. On the other hand, those who are privileged, end up paying unnecessary visits to the physician in most of the cases on an average (> 71% in USA), and incurring high costs. Often-times, health issues are minor, and it is not necessary to visit a doctor. In such a case, the patient only requires suggestions on quick health fix, or some precautionary measures. Such information can be provided through the combination of a smartphone-based app, fog/edge computing, and mobile communication. Hence, reaching out to the doctors in their available time (off-time, commuting via public transit, so on) when they can answer some quick questions is one of the solutions that fit into smart healthcare definition, and truly pervasive healthcare. In this paper, we propose an innovative healthcare service architecture, called opportunistic healthcare (oHealth), where health log and questions can be opportunistically offloaded to a nearby (such as at public transit) compute entity (such as fog server) capable of processing health logs (up to 234,729 logs daily as per our setup). The fog node communicates the questions to a doctor, who provides the necessary feedback. We provide proof-of-concept evaluation results (in WiFi vs 4G networks, on the basis of delay, cost, and commute time, comparing cloud with fog) to endorse the applicability of our oHealth. </p>
Perceptually Inspired Normalized Conditional Compression Distance
Authors: Nikvand Nima , Farjow Wisam Faraj , Fernando Xavier , Sadat-Nejad Younes 
Published: November 2024

<p> Image similarity measurement is a common issue in a broad range of applications in image processing, recognition, classification and retrieval. Conventional image similarity measures are often limited to specific applications and cannot be applied in general scenarios. The theory of Kolmogorov complexity provides a universal framework for a generic similarity metric based on information distance between objects. Normalized Information Distance (NID) has been shown to be a valid and universal distance metric applicable in measurement of similarity of any two objects, and has been successfully applied to a wide range of applications in the past. The difficulty of NID lies in the non-computable nature of the Kolmogorov complexity, and thus approximation has to be applied in practice. Here we propose a perceptually-inspired Normalized Conditional Compression Distance (NCCD) measure by using the Divisive Normalization Transform (DNT) as a means to model the non-linear behavior of the Human Visual System (HVS) in reducing statistical dependencies of visual signals for efficient representation, and show that this perceptual extension of NID can be used in a wide range of image processing applications, including texture classification and face recognition. </p>
A Novel Optimal Precoder and Equalizer in 2 × 2 MIMO VLC Systems for Vehicular Application
Authors: Farahneh Hasan , Hussain Fatima , Hussain Rasheed , Fernando Xavier 
Published: November 2024

<p> Precoding is a technique which exploits transmission diversity by weighting the information stream, i.e. the transmitter sends the coded information to the receiver to achieve pre-knowledge of the channel. Visible light communication (VLC) channels inherently exhibit frequencyselective and multi-path fading effects that result in intersymbol interference (ISI) and thus reduces the data rate. To this end, optical multiple input multiple output (MIMO) can provide spatial diversity and thus achieve a high data rate. Inspired by these facts, we investigate different precoding and equalization schemes for 2 × 2 MIMO for the vehicle to vehicle (V2V-VLC) system. In this work, we consider three detection schemes, Zero Forcing (ZF), Maximum likelihood (ML), and Minimum Mean Squared Error (MMSE). Also, we consider flickering/dimming control and the nature of outdoor VLC channel as a frequency selective channel. Moreover, we investigate a transceiver considering perfect CSI based on different detection algorithms. Simulation results of the investigated transceiver demonstrate improvements in Bit Error Rate (BER) and Mean Squared Error (MSE) for the MMSE scheme </p>
Information Distance based Photoshop Metric
Authors: Nikvand Nima , Wang Zhou , Farjow Wisam Faraj , Fernando Xavier 
Published: November 2024

<p>Objective predictor of perceived modifications to images, or the so-called Photoshop metric, finds many applications and is particularly desirable in the fashion industry. A promising solution to the problem is information distance, which measures the minimal number of bits required to transform one object to another. The application of information distance measures to photo editing assessment, however, is perplexed by human visual system characteristics, such as the difference in attention levels to different parts of an image, and the varying sensitivity at detecting different types of image distortions. Here we make one of the first attempts to develop an information distance based measure for Photoshop metric, where information distancebased features are used to train a Support Vector Regressor (SVR). Experimental results show that the proposed metric is well correlated with mean human observer ratings. </p>
Family physicians’ knowledge, beliefs, and practices in promoting healthy lifestyles and weight management for obese patients in Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alatawi Amirah M. , Alanazi Mansuor A. , Almohammadi Maram Ati 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundObesity is one of the most prevalent and relevant health problems in Saudi Arabia and requires urgent attention. Family physicians are the first point of contact and one of the most important starting points for the successful treatment of being overweight or obese.AimThis study aimed to assess the knowledge, beliefs, and practices of primary care physicians in promoting healthy lifestyles and physical activity among obese patients.MethodsThis cross-sectional study included family physicians who were board-certified or registered in a family medicine training program and working at government family healthcare centers in Tabuk. A predesigned structured questionnaire was distributed either in a printed form or as an online survey.ResultsThe study included 83 family physicians. Of these, 84.1% agreed that overweight and obese patients should be screened for dyslipidemia, and 67.5% agreed to offer advice on weight control even if the patient did not ask for it, demonstrating what family medicine physicians thought of physical inactivity (97.6%). Assessment of the obesity counseling practices of family medicine physicians revealed that approximately three-fourths (75.9%) always calculated the body mass index (BMI) of patients during obesity management, while comprehensive counseling regarding physical activity was higher (81.9%). The system for providing educational materials as part of managing overweight or obesity was found to be inadequate as 25.3% had never done so. The family medicine physicians had sufficient knowledge and positive beliefs about obesity management but also improper counseling practices. A lack of training and poor patient compliance with management plans are the main barriers to controlling obesity levels.
Identification of early Alzheimer’s disease subclass and signature genes based on PANoptosis genes
Authors: Wang Wenxu , Lu Jincheng , Pan Ningyun , Zhang Huiying , Dai Jingcen , Li Jie , Chi Cheng , Zhang Liumei , Wang Liang , Zhang Mengying 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is one of the most prevalent forms of dementia globally and remains an incurable condition that often leads to death. PANoptosis represents an emerging paradigm in programmed cell death, integrating three critical processes: pyroptosis, apoptosis, and necroptosis. Studies have shown that apoptosis, necroptosis, and pyroptosis play important roles in AD development. Therefore, targeting PANoptosis genes might lead to novel therapeutic targets and clinically relevant therapeutic approaches. This study aims to identify different molecular subtypes of AD and potential drugs for treating AD based on PANoptosis.MethodsDifferentially expressed PANoptosis genes associated with AD were identified via Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) dataset GSE48350, GSE5281, and GSE122063. Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression was employed to construct a risk model linked to these PANoptosis genes. Consensus clustering analysis was conducted to define AD subtypes based on these genes. We further performed gene set variation analysis (GSVA), functional enrichment analysis, and immune cell infiltration analysis to investigate differences between the identified AD subtypes. Additionally, a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was established to identify hub genes, and the DGIdb database was consulted to identify potential therapeutic compounds targeting these hub genes. Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis was utilized to assess differences in gene expression at the cellular level across subtypes.ResultsA total of 24 differentially expressed PANoptosis genes (APANRGs) were identified in AD, leading to the classification of two distinct AD subgroups. The results indicate that these subgroups exhibit varying disease progression states, with the early subtype primarily linked to dysfunctional synaptic signaling. Furthermore, we identified hub genes from the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the two clusters and predicted 38 candidate drugs and compounds for early AD treatment based on these hub genes. Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis revealed that key genes associated with the early subtype are predominantly expressed in neuronal cells, while the differential genes for the metabolic subtype are primarily found in endothelial cells and astrocytes.ConclusionIn summary, we identified two subtypes, including the AD early synaptic abnormality subtype as well as the immune-metabolic subtype. Additionally, ten hub genes, SLC17A7, SNAP25, GAD1, SLC17A6, SLC32A1, PVALB, SYP, GRIN2A, SLC12A5, and SYN2, were identified as marker genes for the early subtype. These findings may provide valuable insights for the early diagnosis of AD and contribute to the development of innovative therapeutic strategies.
Acute remote ischemic conditioning enhances (CD3+)- but not (FoxP3+)-T-cell invasion in the tumor center and increases IL 17 and TNF-alpha expression in a murine melanoma model
Authors: Rachunek-Medved Katarzyna , Krauß Sabrina , Daigeler Adrien , Adams Constantin , Eckert Franziska , Ganser Katrin , Gonzalez-Menendez Irene , Quintanilla-Martinez Leticia , Kolbenschlag Jonas 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionHypoxia can drive tumor progression, suppress anti-tumor immunity, and reduce the effectiveness of radiotherapy and chemotherapy. This study aimed to assess the impact of remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) on tumor oxygenation (sO2) and the anti-tumor immune response.Material and methodsFourteen B16-Ova tumor-bearing C57BL/6N mice received six 5-minute RIC cycles, while another fourteen underwent anesthesia only. Pimonidazole was administered 1.5 hours before sacrifice. Blood flow, sO2, and hemoglobin levels were measured in the non-ischemic hind limb and tumor. Tumor hypoxia was assessed using pimonidazole and CA IX immunohistochemistry, and T cell infiltration by CD3 and FoxP3 staining. Serum levels of 23 cytokines were analyzed using a multiplex immunoassay.ResultsIsoflurane anesthesia caused a slight intraindividual increase in blood flow (p = 0.07) and sO2 (p = 0.06) of the hind limb and a sole increase in tumor sO2 (p = 0.035), whereas RIC improved sO2 of the tumor in relation to the hind limb (p=0.03). The median of the tumor oxygen saturation reached 51.4% in the control group and 62.7% in the RIC group (p = 0.09), exhibiting a slight tendency towards better oxygenation in the RIC group. Pimonidazole (p=0.24) and CA IX hypoxia score (p=0.48) did not reveal statistically significant differences between the two groups. In RIC-treated tumors, the number of CD3 (p=0.006), but not FoxP3- positive cells (p = 0.84), in the tumor core was significantly higher compared to the control group. In the RIC group, the mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of IL-17 was significantly higher (p=0.035), and TNF-α was trend-wise higher (p=0.063) compared to the control group.ConclusionBoth isoflurane anesthesia and RIC have an impact on microcirculation. The application of RIC counteracted some of the effects of isoflurane, primarily in healthy tissue, and led to a significant improvement in relative tumor tissue oxygenation compared to the non-ischemic hind limb. RIC selectively enhanced immune infiltration within the tumor center, probably by previously activated tumor infiltrating T cells, while having no significant impact on T-regulatory cells. RIC appears to impact the cytokine profile, as indicated by elevated MFIs of TNF-α and IL-17.
Unravelling nutrient dynamics and mixed layer depth variability in the equatorial Atlantic: insights from 10°W meridional section monitoring
Authors: Kouame Kanga Désiré , N’Guessan Kouadio Benjamin , Kouassi Aka Marcel , Trokourey Albert , Ostrowski Marek , Brehmer Patrice 
Published: November 2024

The ocean, a pivotal component of the Earth’s climate system, exerts a profound global influence through intricate physical and biological interactions within its surface layer. This interplay centers around the mixed layer (ML), integral for energy exchange driven by oceanic currents. An essential regulatory function of the ocean involves orchestrating the distribution of chemical elements, with nitrate assuming a pivotal role in oceanic primary production. Nutrient availability, a cornerstone of primary production, hinges on the mixed layer depth (MLD) dynamics, modulated by many mechanisms, including upwelling and convection. This study unravels the interplay between nutrient variability and MLD depth, focusing on the Gulf of Guinea (GG) region in the equatorial Atlantic. Characterization of the study area reveals distinctive sea surface temperature (SST), salinity (SSS), and current patterns. The South Equatorial Undercurrent (SEUC) and Equatorial Undercurrent (EUC) play vital roles in surface nutrient transport. Nitrate distribution unveils latitudinal variations, exhibiting pronounced enrichment during boreal summer and winter. The equatorial region experiences a strengthening of MLDs from 10.5 to 35.33 m in summer, which increases the nitrate input from 0 to 2.06 mmol m-3 in the surface layers in the mixed layer. In contrast, boreal winters experience more intense MLDs that vary between 20.5 and 64.50 m, supporting high nitrate concentrations of 2.96 to 7.49 mmol m-3, challenging previous hypotheses. This equatorial enrichment is supported by low nitracline ranging from 5.47 to 46.19 m. Beyond the equator, the subequatorial and subtropical regions, despite the observed deepening of the ML, present low nitrate concentrations (less than 0.5 mmol m-3) with a nitracline that does not reach the ML. However, at 6°S and 9°S, a respective increase in nitrate content of 0.66 mmol m-3 and 1.2 mmol m-3 influenced by internal waves, advection and surface currents is observed. Temperature, salinity, and atmospheric fluxes shape nutrient distribution and primary production dynamics. These findings illuminate the intricate relationships between oceanographic processes, nutrient availability, and marine ecosystem productivity. A holistic understanding is crucial for sustainable resource management and fisheries in the equatorial Atlantic and beyond.