bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quality Versus Quantity
Authors: Chiu Alexander S. , Arnold Brian N. , Hoag Jessica R. , Herrin Jeph , Kim Clara H. , Salazar Michelle C. , Monsalve Andres F. , Jean Raymond A. , Blasberg Justin D. , Detterbeck Frank C. , Gross Cary P. , Boffa Daniel J. 
Published: April 2018

Objective:
To estimate the potential mortality reduction if patients chose the safest hospitals for complex cancer surgery.

Background:
Mortality after complex oncologic surgery is highly variable across hospitals, and directing patients away from unsafe hospitals could potentially improve survivorship. Hospital quality measures are becoming increasingly accessible at a time when patients are more engaged in choosing providers. It is currently unclear what information to share with patients to maximally capitalize on patient-centered realignment.

Methods:
The National Cancer Database was queried for adults undergoing 5 complex cancer surgeries (pulmonary lobectomy, pneumonectomy, esophagectomy, gastrectomy, and colectomy) for a primary cancer between 2008 and 2012. Risk-standardized mortality rate (RSMR) methodology, currently used by Medicare-based hospital rating systems, was used to classify hospitals as “safest” and “least safe” by procedure. Patients were modeled moving from “least safe” to “safest” hospitals and the potential number of lives saved through patient realignment determined. As surgical volume has historically been used to distinguish safe hospitals, comparisons were made to models moving patients from low-volume to high-volume hospitals.

Results:
A total of 292,040 patients were analyzed. In an optimally modeled scenario, realignment using RSMR would result in a greater number of lives saved (3592 vs 2161, P < 0.01) and require only 15 patients to change hospitals to save a life, compared to 78 patients using volume models (P < 0.01).

Conclusions:
Public reporting of hospital safety, specifically based on RSMR instead of volume, has the potential to lead to meaningful reductions in surgical mortality after complex cancer surgery, even in the setting of a modest patient realignment.
A Statistical Model-driven Surgical Case Scheduling System Improves Multiple Measures of Operative Suite Efficiency
Authors: Kougias Panos , Tiwari Vikram , Sharath Sherene E. , Garcia Andrea , Pathak Amita , Chen Millie , Ramsey David , Barshes Neal R. , Berger David H. 
Published: April 2018

Objective:
We sought to determine whether a data-driven scheduling approach improves Operative Suite (OS) efficiency.

Background:
Although efficient use of the OS is a critical determinant of access to health care services, OS scheduling methodologies are simplistic and do not account for all the available characteristics of individual surgical cases.

Methods:
We randomly scheduled cases in a single OS by predicting their length using either the historical mean (HM) duration of the most recent 4 years; or a regression modeling (RM) system that accounted for operative and patient characteristics. The primary endpoint was the imprecision in prediction of the end of the operative day. Secondary endpoints included measures of OS efficiency; personnel burnout captured by the Maslach Burnout Inventory; and a composite endpoint of 30-day mortality, myocardial infarction, wound infection, bleeding, amputation, or reoperation.

Results:
Two hundred and seven operative days were allocated to scheduling with either the RM or the HM methodology. Mean imprecision in predicting the end of the operative day was higher with the HM approach (30.8 vs 7.2 minutes, P = 0.024). RM was associated with higher throughput (379 vs 356 cases scheduled over the course of the study, P = 0.04). The composite rate of adverse 30-day events was similar (2.2% vs 3.2%, P = 0.44). The mean depersonalization score was higher (3.2 vs 2.0, P = 0.044), and mean personal accomplishment score was lower during HM weeks (37.5 vs 40.5, P = 0.028).

Conclusions:
Compared to the HM scheduling approach, the proposed data-driven RM scheduling methodology improves multiple measures of OS efficiency and OS personnel satisfaction without adversely affecting clinical outcomes.
Long-term Outcomes of Kidney Transplantation in Fabry Disease
Authors: Ersözlü Sara , Desnick Robert J. , Huynh-Do Uyen , Canaan-Kühl Sima , Barbey Frédéric , Genitsch Vera , Mueller Thomas F. , Cheetham Marcus , Flammer Andreas J. , Schaub Stefan , Nowak Albina 
Published: April 2018

Background
Fabry disease (FD) is a rare X-linked lysosomal storage disorder caused by mutations in the α-galactosidase A gene that obliterate or markedly reduce α-galactosidase A activity. This results in the systemic accumulation of its glycosphingolipid substrates in body fluids and organs, including the kidney. Fabry nephropathy can lead to end-stage renal disease requiring kidney transplantation. Little is known about its long-term outcomes and the overall patient survival after kidney transplantation.

Methods
Here, we report 17 Fabry patients (15 male and 2 female subjects) who received kidney transplants and their long-term treatment and follow-up at 4 specialized Fabry centers.

Results
The posttransplant follow-up ranged to 25 years, with a median of 11.5 (range, 0.8-25.5] years. Graft survival was similar, and death-censored graft survival was superior to matched controls. Fabry patients died with functioning kidneys, mostly from cardiac causes. In 2 male subjects 14 and 23 years posttransplant, the grafts had a few typical FD lamellar inclusions, presumably originating from invading host macrophages and vascular endothelial cells.

Conclusions
We conclude that kidney transplantation has an excellent long-term outcome in FD.
Emergence of evolutionary driving forces in pattern-forming microbial populations
Authors: Kayser Jona , Schreck Carl F. , Yu QinQin , Gralka Matti , Hallatschek Oskar 
Published: April 2018

Evolutionary dynamics are controlled by a number of driving forces, such as natural selection, random genetic drift and dispersal. In this perspective article, we aim to emphasize that these forces act at the population level, and that it is a challenge to understand how they emerge from the stochastic and deterministic behaviour of individual cells. Even the most basic steric interactions between neighbouring cells can couple evolutionary outcomes of otherwise unrelated individuals, thereby weakening natural selection and enhancing random genetic drift. Using microbial examples of varying degrees of complexity, we demonstrate how strongly cell–cell interactions influence evolutionary dynamics, especially in pattern-forming systems. As pattern formation itself is subject to evolution, we propose to study the feedback between pattern formation and evolutionary dynamics, which could be key to predicting and potentially steering evolutionary processes. Such an effort requires extending the systems biology approach from the cellular to the population scale.
This article is part of the theme issue ‘Self-organization in cell biology’.
Discovery of functional interactions among actin regulators by analysis of image fluctuations in an unperturbed motile cell system
Authors: Isogai Tadamoto , Danuser Gaudenz 
Published: April 2018

Cell migration is driven by propulsive forces derived from polymerizing actin that pushes and extends the plasma membrane. The underlying actin network is constantly undergoing adaptation to new mechano-chemical environments and intracellular conditions. As such, mechanisms that regulate actin dynamics inherently contain multiple feedback loops and redundant pathways. Given the highly adaptable nature of such a system, studies that use only perturbation experiments (e.g. knockdowns, overexpression, pharmacological activation/inhibition, etc.) are challenged by the nonlinearity and redundancy of the pathway. In these pathway configurations, perturbation experiments at best describe the function(s) of a molecular component in an adapting (e.g. acutely drug-treated) or fully adapted (e.g. permanent gene silenced) cell system, where the targeted component now resides in a non-native equilibrium. Here, we propose how quantitative live-cell imaging and analysis of constitutive fluctuations of molecular activities can overcome these limitations. We highlight emerging actin filament barbed-end biology as a prime example of a complex, nonlinear molecular process that requires a fluctuation analytic approach, especially in an unperturbed cellular system, to decipher functional interactions of barbed-end regulators, actin polymerization and membrane protrusion.
This article is part of the theme issue ‘Self-organization in cell biology’.
Rhythmicity and waves in the cortex of single cells
Authors: Yang Yang , Wu Min 
Published: April 2018

Emergence of dynamic patterns in the form of oscillations and waves on the cortex of single cells is a fascinating and enigmatic phenomenon. Here we outline various theoretical frameworks used to model pattern formation with the goal of reducing complex, heterogeneous patterns into key parameters that are biologically tractable. We also review progress made in recent years on the quantitative and molecular definitions of these terms, which we believe have begun to transform single-cell dynamic patterns from a purely observational and descriptive subject to more mechanistic studies. Specifically, we focus on the nature of local excitable and oscillation events, their spatial couplings leading to propagating waves and the role of active membrane. Instead of arguing for their functional importance, we prefer to consider such patterns as basic properties of dynamic systems. We discuss how knowledge of these patterns could be used to dissect the structure of cellular organization and how the network-centric view could help define cellular functions as transitions between different dynamical states. Last, we speculate on how these patterns could encode temporal and spatial information.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Self-organization in cell biology’.
Joining forces: crosstalk between biochemical signalling and physical forces orchestrates cellular polarity and dynamics
Authors: Saha Suvrajit , Nagy Tamas L. , Weiner Orion D. 
Published: April 2018

Dynamic processes like cell migration and morphogenesis emerge from the self-organized interaction between signalling and cytoskeletal rearrangements. How are these molecular to sub-cellular scale processes integrated to enable cell-wide responses? A growing body of recent studies suggest that forces generated by cytoskeletal dynamics and motor activity at the cellular or tissue scale can organize processes ranging from cell movement, polarity and division to the coordination of responses across fields of cells. To do so, forces not only act mechanically but also engage with biochemical signalling. Here, we review recent advances in our understanding of this dynamic crosstalk between biochemical signalling, self-organized cortical actomyosin dynamics and physical forces with a special focus on the role of membrane tension in integrating cellular motility.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Self-organization in cell biology’.
Single cell RNAseq uncovers a robust transcriptional response to morphine by oligodendrocytes
Authors: Avey Denis , Sankararaman Sumithra , Yim Aldrin K. Y. , Barve Ruteja , Mitra Robi D. , Milbrandt Jeffrey 
Published: April 2018

SUMMARYMolecular and behavioral responses to opioids are thought to be primarily mediated by neurons, although there is accumulating evidence that other cell types also play a role in drug addiction. To investigate cell-type-specific opioid responses, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing of the nucleus accumbens of mice following acute morphine treatment. Differential expression analysis uncovered robust morphine-dependent changes in gene expression in oligodendrocytes. We examined the expression of selected genes, includingCdkn1aandSgk1, by FISH, confirming their induction by morphine in oligodendrocytes. Further analysis using RNAseq of FACS-purified oligodendrocytes revealed a large cohort of morphine-regulated genes. Importantly, the affected genes are enriched for roles in cellular pathways intimately linked to oligodendrocyte maturation and myelination, including the unfolded protein response. Altogether, our data shed light on a novel, morphine-dependent transcriptional response by oligodendrocytes that may contribute to the myelination defects observed in human opioid addicts.
Sample cell for studying liquid interfaces with anin situelectric field using X-ray reflectivity and application to clay particles at oil–oil interfaces
Authors: Larsen Simon R. , Hansteen Marie , Pacakova Barbara , Theodor Keld , Arnold Thomas , Rennie Adrian R. , Helgesen Geir , Knudsen Kenneth D. , Bordallo Heloisa N. , Fossum Jon Otto , Cavalcanti Leide P. 
Published: April 2018

Commissioning results of a liquid sample cell for X-ray reflectivity studies with anin situapplied electrical field are presented. The cell consists of a Plexiglas container with lateral Kapton windows for air–liquid and liquid–liquid interface studies, and was constructed with grooves to accept plate electrodes on the walls parallel to the direction of the beam. Both copper and ITO plate electrodes have been used, the latter being useful for simultaneous optical studies. Commissioning tests were made at the I07 beamline of the Diamond Light Source.
Simulations of X-ray diffraction of shock-compressed single-crystal tantalum with synchrotron undulator sources
Authors: Tang M. X. , Zhang Y. Y. , E J. C. , Luo S. N. 
Published: April 2018

Polychromatic synchrotron undulator X-ray sources are useful for ultrafast single-crystal diffraction under shock compression. Here, simulations of X-ray diffraction of shock-compressed single-crystal tantalum with realistic undulator sources are reported, based on large-scale molecular dynamics simulations. Purely elastic deformation, elastic–plastic two-wave structure, and severe plastic deformation under different impact velocities are explored, as well as an edge release case. Transmission-mode diffraction simulations consider crystallographic orientation, loading direction, incident beam direction, X-ray spectrum bandwidth and realistic detector size. Diffraction patterns and reciprocal space nodes are obtained from atomic configurations for different loading (elastic and plastic) and detection conditions, and interpretation of the diffraction patterns is discussed.
Prosocial behavior in the professoriate
Authors: Victorino Christine , Nylund-Gibson Karen , Conley Sharon 
Published: April 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to focus on the relationship between college and university faculty collegiality, conceptualized as a set of prosocial behaviors, and job satisfaction.Design/methodology/approachA multi-level structural equation model was developed to examine the relationship between faculty collegiality and job satisfaction at the individual and institutional levels, the effects of gender and race/ethnicity, the effect of institutional type (i.e. research universities vs non-research universities), and whether institutional-level perceptions of faculty collegiality and job satisfaction influence perceptions of faculty collegiality and job satisfaction at the individual level.FindingsFaculty collegiality was highly and significantly related to job satisfaction at the individual level (0.86) and at the institutional level (0.93). At the individual level, pretenured women faculty and faculty of color indicated significantly lower levels of collegiality. At the institutional level, pretenured faculty interactions with tenured faculty colleagues were positively and significantly related to individual-level perceptions of faculty collegiality.Research limitations/implicationsStudy limitations include self-report data that were dependent upon accurate responses from faculty participants, and cross-sectional data. Future analyses could extend study findings by examining the influence of faculty collegiality upon such outcomes as faculty productivity and retention in future multi-level analyses.Practical implicationsIt is recommended that interventions be undertaken to embed prosocial behaviors into faculty research, teaching, and service activities, and to foster relationships between pretenured and tenured faculty members.Originality/valueThis paper underscores the importance of collecting nationally representative faculty data and conducting rigorous multi-level analyses to inform higher education policy and practice.
Using project demand profiling to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of infrastructure projects
Authors: Godsell Janet , Masi Donato , Karatzas Antonios , Brady Timothy Mark 
Published: April 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore the applicability and utility of supply chain (SC) segmentation through demand profiling to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of infrastructure projects by identifying different types of project demand profiles.

Design/methodology/approach
A three-stage abductive research design was adopted. Stage 1 explored the applicability of SC segmentation, through demand profiling, to the portfolio of infrastructure projects in a utility company. Stage 2 was an iterative process of “theory matching”, to the portfolio, programme and project management literature. In stage 3, theoretical saturation was reached and “theory suggestions” were made through four propositions.

Findings
Four propositions outline how SC segmentation through project demand profiling could improve the effectiveness and efficiency of infrastructure projects. P1: the ability to recognise the different demand profiles of individual projects, and groups thereof, is a portfolio management necessity. P2: projects that contribute to the strategic upgrade of a capital asset should be considered a potential programme of inter-related repeatable projects whose delivery would benefit from economies of repetition. P3: the greater the ability to identify different demand profiles of individual/groups of projects, the greater the delivery efficiency. P4: economies of repetition developed through efficient delivery of programmes of repeatable projects can foster greater efficiency in the delivery of innovative projects through economies of recombination.

Originality/value
This work fills a gap in the portfolio management literature, suggesting that the initial screening, selection and prioritisation of project proposals should be expanded to recognise not only the project type, but also each project’s demand profile.
Is top management team-supply chain manager interaction the missing link? An analysis of risk-bearing antecedents for supply chain managers
Authors: Villena Veronica H. , Lu Guanyi , Gomez-Mejia Luis R. , Revilla Elena 
Published: April 2018

PurposeSupply chain managers (SC managers) may make less than optimal decisions for the firm when facing compensation and employment risks. The purpose of this paper is to study two relevant factors (target setting and strategic importance of the supply chain function) that may drive SC managers to perceive more or less risk to their welfare.Design/methodology/approachThe study combines survey data from 133 firms with secondary data in order to reduce source bias and enhance the validity of results. The authors also conducted interviews with supply chain and human resources managers.FindingsThe results show that top managers can alter SC managers’ perceived risks. Ambitious targets drive compensation risk but not employment risk. The supply chain function’s strategic importance, on the other hand, decreases employment risk but increases compensation risk.Research limitations/implicationsThe authors emphasize two ways that the top management team (TMT) influences SC managers’ perceived personal welfare but acknowledge that there may be others factors. Due to the topic sensitivity, the authors could not collect data on all variables (e.g. individual characteristics) that may affect risk perception. The findings are based on Spanish firms and may not be generalized to other contexts.Practical implicationsThis research proposes three suggestions. First, compensation and employment risks should be considered separately when designing compensation and evaluation systems. Second, appropriate performance targets may put compensation risk in a reasonable range that is neither too high to prevent risky-yet-beneficial decisions nor too low to allow nonfeasance. Third, escalating the supply chain’s strategic importance effectively offsets employment risk.Originality/valueScholars have repeatedly shown the negative outcomes of SC managers’ perceived compensation and employment risks. Yet, little attention has been given to their antecedents. The study explores two relevant antecedents and provides integrative empirical evidence regarding actions top leaders can take to manage SC managers’ perceived risk and subsequently enhance firm performance.
Georgia rural hospital authorities as “shadow governments”
Authors: Wickersham Mary Eleanor Rawlings , Yehl Robert 
Published: April 2018

Purpose
The tenuous financial viability of many of Georgia’s rural hospitals has driven increased scrutiny of the hospital authorities (HAs) that own and govern them. HAs are a type of “special district” established in state law to allow for specialization of function, while evading statutes that can limit local government borrowing and multi-year contracts. The paper aims to discuss this issue.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper uses a case example to introduce transparency and accountability in one local Georgia hospital and expands to include a descriptive analysis of transparency measures in 29 rural Georgia HAs.

Findings
Findings indicate that, like many other special districts in Georgia and the USA, Georgia’s rural HAs often act more like private entities than the public organizations they are. The lack of transparency demonstrated in this sector limits access to public information and reduces opportunities for citizen engagement, a necessary component of representative institutions.

Research limitations/implications
This case study is limited to Georgia HAs; however, the data support the lack of accountability and transparency found in many special district governments.

Originality/value
The lack of transparency in all of the organizations reviewed in this study demonstrates blurred lines between between public matters and private interests and raises questions of transparency, a key value in democracies.
Regulating Ontario’s circular economy through food waste legislation
Authors: DeLorenzo Amy , Parizeau Kate , von Massow Mike 
Published: April 2018

PurposeOntario’s Ministry of Environment and Climate Change seeks to legislate diverse waste streams (including food waste) by implementing Bill 151, known colloquially as the Waste Free Ontario Act. The purpose of this study is to investigate how stakeholders in Ontario’s food and waste systems perceive the prospective legislation.Design/methodology/approachThe paper is based on interviews with stakeholders across the food value chain in Ontario, as well as an analysis of legislation and related documents.FindingsThe paper argues that Bill 151 represents the Province’s commitment to an ecological modernization paradigm. This research uncovers the lines of tension that may exist in the implementation of food waste policy. These lines of tension represent stakeholders’ ideological perspectives on food waste, including whether it signals an efficient or inefficient economy, whether legislation should prioritize economic or environmental goals and whether it is more appropriate for legislation to incentivize desired food waste treatments or penalize/prohibit undesired activities.Originality/valueThe analysis reveals potential allies in the regulatory process, likely points of contention and areas where greater consensus may be forged, depending on government efforts to reframe the issues at stake.