bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quality of Life and Metabolic Syndrome in Brazilian quilombola communities: A Crosssectional Study
Authors: Sousa Luiz Vinicius De Alcantara , Maciel Erika Da Silva , Quaresma Fernando Rodrigues Peixoto , Abreu Ana Carolina Gonçalves de , Paiva Laércio Da Silva , Fonseca Fernando Luiz Affonso , Adami Fernando 
Published: December 2018

Introduction: The lifestyle of quilombola communities has changed due to extra community influence, thus affecting their environmental and behavioral factors related to the Metabolic Syndrome (MS). However, little is known about the influence of MS on the Quality of Life (QoL) of quilombola residents. Objective: We aimed to study the association between MS and QoL in quilombola communities in northern Tocantins, Brazil.
Methods: The QoL of 147 adults from five quilombola communities from Tocantins was assessed using the WHOQOL-BREF instrument. Blood pressure, abdominal perimeter, fasting blood glucose, triglycerides and HDL-cholesterol were measured, and the presence of MS was defined as the alteration of at least three of these clinical aspects. The association of the clinical components and the SM presence with the Quality of Life was evaluated by Student’s t-test for independent samples.
Results: We observed that in the total population, an altered abdominal perimeter had an inverse association with both the Physical (15.2 vs. 14.0, p=0.002) and General QoL domains (14.4 vs. 14.0, p=0.045), and MS was inversely associated with the Physical domain (14.9 vs. 14.0, p=0.030). When stratified by sex, the altered abdominal perimeters in men were inversely associated with the Physical (16.5 vs. 14.4, p<0.001), Environmental (14.0 vs. 12.6, p=0.020) and General domains (15.5 vs. 14.0, p<0.001). MS had an inverse association with the Physical (15.8 vs. 14.4, p=0.026) and General domains (14.8 vs. 14.0 p= 0.042) in men. In women there was no association between any risk factor studied and QoL domain.
Conclusions: The status of MS was negatively associated with the quality of life of the male population, highlighting the abdominal perimeter, which influences the Physical and General domains of QoL, but in the female population the MS does not interfere in the perception of QoL. Understanding the relationship between chronic diseases and QoL in quilombola communities is necessary to reduce health inequalities in historically vulnerable communities.
Evaluation of the performance of tuberculosis control actions and services of the family health strategies
Authors: Santana Fábia Maria De , Machado Ana Paula De Araújo , Monhol Patrícia Poleto , Azzalis Ligia Ajaime , Junqueira Virginia B. C. , Feder David , Morená Leela , Fonseca Fernando Luiz Affonso 
Published: December 2018

Introduction: Front of the persistence of tuberculosis in several municipalities in the country, the Ministry of Health (MS) established the National Tuberculosis Control Plan (NTCP), whose goals were to integrate 100% of the Brazilian municipalities in the fight against the disease.
Objective: To evaluate the performance of tuberculosis (TB) control actions and services of the Family Health Strategies in the city of Salgueiro-PE.
Methods: Cross-sectional, quantitative and descriptive survey study that evaluated health services in the city of Salgueiro- Pe, involving 40 participants. The data were selected through the steps of specific questions for the evaluation of TB, in addition to the questions on the epidemiological situation and the current state of health. In order to know the conditions for the control of TB in the municipality, a script was also elaborated with orientations directed to the manager.
Results: The results of our study showed a population aged from 34 to 59 years with a predominance of males (70%) and incomplete elementary school (37.5%). Regarding the place of diagnosis, the hospital had a higher prevalence of cases diagnosed with tuberculosis with 62.5%. 85,0% performed the Directly Observed Treatment. The averages of the evaluated actions showed that the municipality of Salgueiro-PE does not develop actions of health education and active search of symptomatic respiratory patients, The results were favorable only for the accomplishment of sputum bacilloscopy, monthly consultations of control and medical monitoring.
Conclusion: The results showed weaknesses in the performance of actions and services by the Family Health Strategy in the municipality of Salgueiro, with damage to TB control and treatment.
Iberian pig adaptation to acorn consumption: II. Net portal appearance of amino acids
Authors: Lachica Manuel , Rodríguez-López Jose Miguel , González-Valero Lucrecia , Fernández-Fígares Ignacio 
Published: December 2018

In Iberian pig outdoor production, pigs are fed equilibrated diets until the final fattening period when grazing pigs consume mainly acorns from oak trees. Acorns are rich in energy but poor in crude protein where lysine is the first limiting amino acid (AA). Net portal appearance (NPA) is very useful to ascertain AA available for liver and peripheral tissues. The aim of this study was to determine NPA of AA in Iberian gilts fed with acorns and to ascertain if there was an effect of acorn feeding over time. Two sampling periods were carried out (after one day and after one week of acorn feeding) with six gilts (34 kg average BW) set up with three catheters: in carotid artery and portal vein for blood sampling, and ileal vein for a marker infusion to measure portal plasma flow (PPF). Pigs were fed at 2.5 × ME for maintenance a standard diet in two meals, at 09:00 (0.25) and 15:00 h (the remaining 0.75). The day previous to first sampling, pig diet was replaced by 2.4 kg of acorn. A serial blood collection was done at −5 min, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4, 5 and 6 h after feeding 0.25 of total daily acorn ration. Following identical protocol, one week later the second sampling was done. NPA of sum of essential AA (EAA) was poor. Although increased NPA of histidine (P < 0.001), leucine, phenylalanine and valine (0.05 < P < 0.08) was found after one week of acorn consumption, the sum of EAA did not change. Furthermore, fractional absorption (NPA/AA intake) of EAA, non-essential AA (NEAA) and total AA was 97, 44 and 49% lower, respectively, at the beginning of eating acorn than a week later. Supplementation, with some of the EAA and NEAA to Iberian pigs during the grazing period would be beneficial to overcome the increased portal-drained viscera (PDV) utilization of AA observed in the present study.
SAÚDE ESCOLAR NO PARANÁ EM DOIS MOMENTOS HISTÓRICOS: NO COMEÇO DO SÉCULO XX E NO SÉCULO XXI
Authors: Renk Valquiria Elita 
Published: December 2018

O texto é um estudo comparativo de duas políticas de saúde escolar, no Paraná: uma nos anos de 1920 e outra do início do século XXI. A abordagem histórica apresenta como corpus documental os Relatórios de Governo, a revista O Ensino, da década de 1920, a legislação e os resultados do Programa de Saúde Escolar, implementado em 2007. Estas fontes presentam a posição oficial das políticas voltadas à prevenção, promoção e educação em saúde no espaço escolar. A análise tem como referência os estudos culturais de Foucault. Os resultados mostram que são políticas que incorporaram a saúde como um componente curricular, voltadas à mudança de condutas sociais e formação de hábitos saudáveis.
Número de internações hospitalares, custos hospitalares, média de permanência e mortalidade por insuficiência cardíaca nas regiões brasileiras, no ano de 2017
Authors: Souza Séres Costa de , Silva Cássio Magalhães da Silva e , Reis Helena França Correia dos , Gomes Neto Mansueto 
Published: December 2018

<p>A insuficiência cardíaca (IC) é, hoje, um dos principais problemas de saúde nos países desenvolvidos e provoca importante redução da qualidade de vida, sendo, ainda, uma importante causa de internação em todas as regiões brasileiras. <strong>Objetivos: </strong>descrever o número de internações por IC por regiões brasileiras no ano de 2017 e o impacto dessas internações nos custos hospitalares. Analisar o número de internações por regiões. Discutir a média de permanência de internações hospitalares por regiões. Comparar a média de permanência e a taxa de mortalidade por regiões. Avaliar o impacto dos custos hospitalares por internação, por regiões. <strong>Metodologia: </strong>pesquisa de natureza quantitativa, descritiva, realizada no ano de 2017, baseada em dados se­cundários, constituídos por informações de saúde coletadas no Departamento de Informática do Sistema Úni­co de Saúde (DATASUS), a partir do Sistema de Informações Hospitalares (SIH/SUS). <strong>Resultados:</strong> No Brasil, no ano de 2017, foi verificado um total de internações por IC de 208.111, correspondente a um valor total de R$ 339.719.216,50 de custos hospitalares por IC, com uma média de permanência total de 7,5 dias de internamento por IC e uma taxa de mortalidade de 11%. Destaca-se uma forte correlação entre média de permanência e a taxa de mortalidade, tendo como resultado r = 0,871. <strong>Conclusão:</strong> As internações de indivíduos por IC correspondem a um alto risco, por ser esperada uma taxa de mortalidade elevada nesse perfil de pacientes. Melhoria na qualidade assistencial e maiores ações por parte do governo são necessárias para conscientizar a população sobre os meios de prevenção e o tratamento correto da a insuficiência cardíaca, responsável pela maior taxa de mortalidade no Brasil.</p>
Enteroparasitoses e aspectos socioeconômicos em pacientes alcoolistas
Authors: Oliveira Cintia De Lima , Farias Marina Morena Brito , Barreto Nilo Manoel Pereira Vieira , Souza Joelma Nascimento de , Sampaio Larissa Mota , Teixeira Márcia Cristina Aquino , Soares Neci Matos 
Published: December 2018

<strong><em>Introdução</em> –</strong> As enteroparasitoses constituem um problema de saúde pública que atinge as populações mais vulneráveis. O alcoolismo é um problema que afeta milhões de pessoas em todo o mundo, apresenta efeitos nocivos à saúde dos indivíduos e predispõe à infecção por <em>S. stercoralis</em> e às formas mais graves da estrongiloidíase. <strong><em>Objetivo</em></strong><em> –</em><strong> </strong>Avaliar a prevalência da infecção das enteroparasitoses, bem como fatores socioeconômicos e sanitários de pacientes alcoolistas atendidos em um centro de tratamento especializado em Salvador, Bahia. <em>Metodologia</em> – Trata-se de um estudo transversal, realizado com pacientes alcoolistas (n=277), do sexo masculino, atendidos em um centro de tratamento entre julho de 2014 e junho de 2017. O estudo foi realizado através da aplicação de um questionário estruturado para obtenção de dados socioeconômicos, demográficos e sanitários, sendo solicitadas, ainda, pelo menos duas amostras de fezes em dias alternados. O diagnóstico parasitológico foi realizado pelos métodos de sedimentação espontânea, Baermann-Moraes e cultura em placa de ágar. <em>Resultados</em><strong> – </strong>A média de idade dos pacientes inclusos foi de 44,8 ± 9,5 anos<strong>.</strong> Verificou-se que 35,7% dos pacientes estavam infectados com algum enteroparasito e, desses, 30,3% eram monoparasitados. Os parasitos mais frequentes foram <em>S. stercoralis, Endolimax nana </em>e<em> </em>ancilostomídeos, correspondendo 16,6%, 11,2% e 5,8%, respectivamente. <em>Conclusão –</em> Dessa forma, <em>S. stercoralis</em> foi o parasito mais frequente, e a associação entre a infecção por esse parasito e o alcoolismo pode levar à estrongiloidíase grave. A elevada frequência de enteroparasitoses nesses pacientes, principalmente por protozoários, deve-se à ausência de higiene pessoal, pois esses indivíduos são suscetíveis à infecção oral fecal. A implementação de medidas de saneamento básico e de campanhas de conscientização para prevenção de infecções parasitárias é imprescindível para a saúde das populações mais vulneráveis.
Avaliação in vitro do potencial erosivo e cariogênico de antifúngicos tópicos
Authors: Dantas Juliana Borges de Lima , Campos Elisângela De Jesus , Martins Gabriela Botelho 
Published: December 2018

<p><strong>Introdução: </strong>a candidíase é uma infecção fúngica oportunista, causada pela proliferação e disseminação de espécies de <em>Candida,</em> que pode acometer a cavidade oral<em>.</em> Dentre os antifúngicos mais utilizados e de uso tópico, a nistatina é considerada o medicamento de primeira escolha.<strong> </strong><strong>Objetivo</strong>: avaliar as propriedades físico-químicas de diferentes marcas de nistatina disponíveis no mercado, incluindo o pH, a acidez total titulável (ATT) e a determinação de sólidos solúveis totais (SST). <strong>Metodologia</strong>:<strong> </strong>trata-se de um estudo experimental <em>in vitro, </em>constituído por uma amostra<em> </em>de oito diferentes marcas de nistatina em suspensão oral de uso tópico. Foi analisado o potencial erosivo e cariogênico dessas soluções mediante a determinação de pH, ATT e SST (°Brix). <strong>Resultados</strong>: no tocante ao pH, verificou-se que a média obtida foi de 6,05 (± 0,66). Dois dos medica­mentos analisados (marcas A e H) apresentaram pH abaixo do crítico para a dissolução do esmalte dental. Quanto à ATT das soluções, os valores variaram de 1,9 a 14,53 mL para atingir o pH neutro, indicando que as marcas B, C e E podem levar mais tempo para ser neutralizadas em razão da quantidade de solução necessária. A análise do <sup>°</sup>Brix revelou que a marca H apresentou o maior teor de açúcares em sua composição (44,9%). <strong>Conclusão:</strong> a formulação de nistatina da marca H apresentou pH endógeno mais crítico e percentual de sólidos solúveis totais elevado, sendo, portanto, a medicação com maior fator de risco para o desenvolvimento de cárie e erosão dentária, devendo ser consideradas as doses e frequências de uso, bem como os hábitos de higiene oral do paciente.</p>
Osteoblast Response to Different UVA‐Activated Anatase Implant Coatings
Authors: Liang Lanchen , Krieg Peter , Rupp Frank , Kimmerle‐Müller Evi , Spintzyk Sebastian , Richter Marc , Richter Gunther , Killinger Andreas , Geis‐Gerstorfer Jürgen , Scheideler Lutz 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe “activation” of titanium implants by UV‐irradiation is reported to enhance osseointegration in vitro as well as in vivo. Anatase‐enriched titanium oxide surfaces enable, via photocatalysis, a chairside “activation” of implants by short‐term UVA (382 nm) irradiation. The potentially improved clinical performance of these modified surfaces depends not only on the achieved photocatalytic activity, but also on the effects caused by the micro‐ and nanostructure of the respective surface modification. In this study, three differently manufactured anatase‐coated titanium surfaces are characterized regarding surface characteristics, photocatalytic efficiency, and their ability to promote proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts in comparison to conventional sandblasted (S) and blasted/etched (S/A) titanium implant surfaces. Anatase surfaces are manufactured by suspension plasma spraying (SPS), precursor‐based liquid film coating (PLC), and physical vapor deposition (PVD). The tested surfaces exhibit significantly different surface morphologies and anatase/rutile ratios. UVA‐irradiation of samples prior to cell seeding leads to significantly improved cell proliferation and surface coverage. UVA‐treatment also leads to a generally enhanced osteoblastic differentiation of cells on all anatase‐coated surfaces. The anatase‐enriched titanium surface modifications promote different aspects of osteoblast reactions, suggesting that the “activation” of anatase‐coated titanium implants by UVA treatment is a promising chairside procedure for dental implant optimization.
Design of High‐Productivity Mixed Tocopherol Purification from Deodorized Distillates by Tandem Reverse Phase Chromatography
Authors: Ingle Umesh , Lali Arvind 
Published: December 2018

AbstractCurrently, there is a great demand for high‐purity natural tocopherols in food supplements due to their antioxidant and Vitamin E activity. Deodorized distillate (DOD), a by‐product of the vegetable oil refining process, is a major source of these natural tocopherols. Isolation of pure tocopherols from DOD is challenging due to their lower concentration and presence of large quantities of polar and hydrophobic components. Several multistep methods are known in the art for the purification of tocopherols from DOD and crude feed stocks. This work presents a single‐step tandem reverse phase chromatography method for high‐purity tocopherols from DOD containing 4–8% of tocopherols (mixture of α, β, γ, and δ isomers). Tandem chromatography involved two consecutive chromatography columns, in which the first column is operated in frontal adsorption mode for maximum loading with partial removal of impurities and the second column operated in step wise separation mode causing high purity. The Developed tandem two‐column process produces 60% and 95% purity tocopherol grades at a high loading of 381 (g of DOD) per (L of resin). The developed method recovers up to 77% of loaded tocopherols in purified form with a productivity of 3.4 g L−1 hour−1.
Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of new pyrazino[1,2‐a]benzimidazole derivatives as selective cyclooxygenase (COX‐2) inhibitors
Authors: Azami Movahed Mahsa , Daraei Bahram , Shahosseini Soraya , Esfahanizadeh Marjan , Zarghi Afshin 
Published: December 2018

AbstractA new class of pyrazino[1,2‐a]benzimidazole derivatives possessing the SO2Me pharmacophore at the para position of the C‐3 phenyl ring was designed, synthesized, and tested for their cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2) inhibitory, anti‐cancer and anti‐platelet aggregation activities. In vitro COX‐1/COX‐2 inhibition studies showed that 2‐(4‐methylphenyl)‐1‐methylene‐3‐(4‐(methylsulfonyl)phenyl)‐1,2‐dihydropyrazino‐[1,2‐a]benzimidazole (5g) was the most potent COX‐2 inhibitor (IC50 = 0.08 μM) and 2‐(3,4,5‐trimethoxyphenyl)‐1‐methylene‐3‐(4‐(methylsulfonyl)phenyl)‐1,2‐dihydropyrazino‐[1,2‐a]benzimidazole (5m) had the highest selectivity index (SI > 909). Cytotoxicity of the synthesized compounds was also determined against the MCF‐7 cell line. Most compounds were cytotoxic against MCF‐7 cells and our results showed that compound 5m exhibited the highest anti‐proliferative activity compared to the reference compound, cisplatin. Our data also indicated that compound 5k was the most potent platelet aggregation inhibitor according to aggregometry test results.
Facile Synthesis of Dibenzotetracenedione Derivatives by Rhodium‐Catalyzed [2+2+2] Cycloaddition/Spontaneous Aromatization
Authors: Aida Yukimasa , Shibata Yu , Tanaka Ken 
Published: December 2018

AbstractIt has been established that a cationic rhodium(I)/SEGPHOS complex catalyzes the [2+2+2] cycloaddition of biphenyl‐linked 1,7‐diynes with 1,4‐naphthoquinone and anthracene‐1,4‐dione. Conveniently, spontaneous aromatization proceeded upon removal of the rhodium complex by passing the reaction mixture through an alumina column, to give the corresponding dibenzotetracenediones and dibenzopentacenediones, respectively, in good yields. The obtained dibenzotetracenedione could be readily transformed into the corresponding dibenzotetracene in good yield. This dibenzotetracene showed blue fluorescence with a good quantum yield, which was significantly higher than those of tetracene, tetrabenzotetracene, and hexabenzotetracene.
Serological profile of asymptomatic HCV positive patients with low level of cryoglobulins
Authors: Basile Umberto , Napodano Cecilia , Pocino Krizia , Gulli Francesca , Santini Stefano Angelo , Todi Laura , Marino Mariapaola , Rapaccini Gian Ludovico 
Published: December 2018

AbstractClinical spectrum of hepatitis C virus (HCV)‐related cryoglobulinemia varies from an asymptomatic presentation to severe vasculitis and lymphoma. A recent study in HCV‐negative patients suggests that low cryoglobulins (CGs) levels are responsible for severe renal and neurological complications. The aim of this study was to identify a panel of serological biomarkers associated with low levels of CGs in HCV‐positive patients. We studied a population of 79 untreated patients with chronic HCV infection: 13 naïve patients without CGs; 28 patients with asymptomatic mixed cryoglobulinemia (MC) and low levels of CGs (16/28 with polyclonal type III and 12/28 with microheterogeneous type III CGs); 38 patients with symptomatic MC and high levels of type II CGs. Serum samples were collected and examined for rheumatoid factor (RF) IgG and IgM, free light chains (FLCs) and C3 and C4 complement components. We found that RF‐IgG and IgM, free k chains and k+λ were increased while C4 component was reduced, both in symptomatic and asymptomatic patients. Our results suggest that, even in absence of MC symptoms, the low levels of CGs may represent a trigger of activation for immune system in course of HCV infection. The identification of a correlated biomarkers panel could improve the clinical management of these patients and pave the way for target treatment strategies. © 2018 BioFactors, 45(3):318–325, 2019
Corporate carbon risk, voluntary disclosure, and cost of capital: South African evidence
Authors: Lemma Tesfaye T. , Feedman Martin , Mlilo Mthokozisi , Park Jin Dong 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe study examines the interplay among corporate carbon risk, voluntary disclosure, and cost of capital within the context of South Africa, a “rising power” in the climate policy debate. We develop a system of simultaneous equations models and analyze data drawn from firms traded on the Johannesburg Securities Exchange (JSE), for the period 2010 to 2015, using the three‐stage least squares procedure. We find that voluntary carbon disclosure is associated with lower overall (and equity) cost of capital, after controlling for corporate carbon risk. We also find that firms with higher carbon risk tend to provide better quality carbon disclosure and signal the possibility of high carbon risk to avoid negative market reactions resulting from concealing carbon information. Although the capital market does not appear to incorporate individual firm's carbon risk exposure into the required cost of capital, we find that it generally requires higher returns for companies operating in carbon‐intensive sectors. These findings suggest that firms could exploit the virtues of voluntary carbon disclosure to reduce their overall (and equity) cost of capital. Our findings also imply that regulators and policymakers could point to the cost of capital reducing role of voluntary disclosure to lure firms into voluntarily providing superior quality carbon disclosures.
Reduced Graphene Oxide/CZTSxSe1‐x Composites as a Novel Hole‐Transport Functional Layer in Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Nan Hui , Han Jianhua , Yin Xuewen , Zhou Yu , Yao Zhibo , Li Xin , Lin Hong 
Published: December 2018

AbstractExploiting lower cost and more stable hole‐transport materials to replace spiro‐OMeTAD is a hot topic in the research field of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). This work exploits a novel hole‐transport composite containing reduced graphene oxides (RGO) and Cu2ZnSn(SSe)4 (CZTSxSe1‐x) by a green sol‐gel method for efficient perovskite solar cells. The composition and crystalline structure of CZTSxSe1‐x were examined by Raman and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy as well as by X‐ray diffraction measurements. Compared with a pristine RGO hole‐transport layer (HTL), the PSC with RGO/CZTSxSe1‐x composite shows an improved photovoltaic performance and enhanced stability. A maximum power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 10.08 % and an enhanced stability were obtained for the cell with the RGO/CZTS0.5Se0.5 composite. Moreover, only 14 % efficiency reduction ratio was observed for the device stored in air at room temperature after 500 hours without encapsulation. In addition, the different S/Se ratios of CZTSxSe1‐x showed distinct photovoltaic properties of the PSCs, which is attributed to the change of energetic structures, confirmed by electrochemical characterizations.