bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Studio Istologico Ed Istochimico Dei Surreni e Delle Ovaie in Pazienti Portatrici Di Carcinoma Mammario
Authors: Sirtori C. , Pizzetti F. , Catania V. C. 
Published: April 2018

98 women with advanced breast cancer underwent adrenalectomy, 88 also ovariectomy; in 56 adrenalectomy was performed in two times. 1) The adrenal weight shows marked variations from case to case. 2) Normal glomerulosa (35,5 %), hypertrophic fasciculata (55 %), and hypertrophic (43 %) or normal (43 %) reticularis are more frequent in the first removed adrenals. Reticularis hypertrophy is more marked in women ovariectomized many years before. The histochemical examination, carried out in 30 cases, shows a prevalence of acid fats on neutral ones and a phospholipids and cholesterol decrease. 3) The adrenals removed by contralateral adrenalectomy show initial hypotrophy followed by hypertrophy of glomerulosa, hypertrophy of fasciculata (70%), initial hypertrophy followed by hypotrophy of reticularis. In the second adrenal a marked decrease of lipids is observed (85 %), especially when a short period of time was elapsed between first and second operation; cholesterol is always decreased. 4) It is interesting to notice the scanty amount of mucopolysaccharides, the frequent (75 %) occurrence of foamy cytoplasms in fasciculata, the presence (in the 39 per cent of the cases) of big nuclei in the same zone. 5) Ovaries show frequently (75 %) cortical hyperplasia, which is very marked in the 50 per cent of the cases. 6) Adrenal metastases have been found in the 35,7 per cent (21,7 % bilaterally), ovarian ones in the 26,1 per cent (15,9 % bilaterally). 7) 52 patients improved after endocrino-surgical treatment, 32 showed no clinical modifications, in 14 a follow-up was not possible owing to various reasons. The biovaro-monoadrenalectomy, followed by controlateral adrenalectomy, gave the best results. The patient's age has no prognostic value. 8) As regards functional meaning of the microscopic features of adrenals and ovaries some hypotheses are advanced in order to explain some histochemical pictures. 9) Hormonal dosages in urine and adrenal homogenate show a higher output of estrogens in the improved cases (67 γ/24 h in 9 improved patiens; 20 γ/24 h in 7 unimproved ones), and a probable correlation between thickness of reticularis and sex steroids amount of adrenals.
Sui Rapporti Tra Zymosan, Properdina e Tumori
Authors: Modica F. , Fumarola D. 
Published: April 2018

In albino rats bearing 3,4-benzpyrene sarcoma, the blood properdine level has been systematically studied at different times: before the administration of the carcinogenic hydrocarbon, during the latency period of the neoplasm, in the different stages following the cancer occurrence until the exitus of the experimented animals. No significant changes could be observed during the latency period and within 5-10 days after the cancer occurrence, whereas a rapid and progressive decrease of the properdine level was later seen, until disappearance in the more advanced stages of the neoplasm.
Osservazioni Anatomo-Microscopiche Sulla Vascolarizzazione Linfatica Del Fegato Con Metastasi da Carcinoma Primitivo Dello Stomaco
Authors: Di Muro G. F. , Righetti L. 
Published: April 2018

5 anatomo-microscopical observations on the superficial and deep lymphatic vascularization of the liver in the presence of metastases from primary carcinoma of the stomach are reported. On the basis of the exposed data it may be claimed that the superficial lymphatic network of the human liver in the presence of metastases from primary carcinoma of the stomach appears to be altered owing to the presence of new formed vessels of seemingly reactive nature. On the other hand, as concerns the deep lymphatic network in contact with the metastatic nodules, a slighter development in comparison with the normal is observed, with vessels of reduced diameter and a lack of continuity between metastatic nodule and adjacent tissues.
Studio Delle Sostanze di Origine Tumorale ad Azione Inibente Sulla Catalasi Epatica in Vivo
Authors: Ceriotti G. , Spandrio L. , Agradi A. 
Published: April 2018

As an introduction to a series of papers on tumor substances inhibiting the activity of liver catalase, a critical review of the present situation of the general problem about the inhibition of this enzyme in tumor-bearing organisms is outlined. Data from researches carried out in order to determine the nature of the inhibitors are then exposed. « Toxohormone » was prepared from, human and experimental tumors and from ascitic fluids. It has been observed that, by the methods usually employed for such preparation, the 90–95 percent of the activity is lost. Active, very heterogeneous fractions were obtained, by solvent extraction, from « toxohormone ». A globulin fraction from ascitic fluid proved very active; « toxohormone » was prepared also from this fraction but with a loss of 95 percent of the original activity. It is concluded that at least two categories of inhibitors exist, one of proteic nature, and one probably derived from the first, of low molecular weight. For the investigation of such substances, methods less damaging than those employed for « toxohormone » are necessary.
Aspetti Morfologici e Citochimici Dei Granuloblasti Midollari Irradiati in Vivo: Le Cellule Megamieloidi
Authors: Belloni F. , Verga L. 
Published: April 2018

The DNA modifications in medullary granuloblasts have been studied as « direct » effect as well as « indirect » or late effect of X-rays. For the purpose rabbits have been irradiated « in toto » after lead screening of two limbs. The modifications, consisting in a DNA increase, are cytologically expressed in the formation of giant cells, and have been obtained both as direct and indirect effect of X-rays. These results, if considered as a biochemical and cytologic aspect of the carcinogenic action of radiation, constitute an experimental demonstration that this carcinogenic action must be looked upon also as an « indirect » or « late » effect.
Tumori Della Gabbia Toracica
Authors: Bucalossi P. , Di Pietro S. , Rock T. 
Published: April 2018

The pathological and clinical problems related to the tumours of the thoracic bones are surveyed. 34 cases of such tumours (27 of the ribs and 7 of the sternum) observed at the Cancer Institute of Milan are reported. These tumours are nearly always of malignant type, and the chondromatous forms are prevailing in the ribs whereas plasmocytomas are more frequent at the level of the sternum. Symptomatology is often moderate also in very malignant lesions, and in many cases a precise diagnosis is possible only after histological examination. The therapy of choice is the surgical treatment and consists in wide removal of the affected rib, and often also of the adjoining ones with the intervening tissues. Suitable repairs of the residual gap are necessary in order to maintain the function of the thoracic wall. Radiotherapy must be confined to ablastic tumours and reticulosarcomas, to all cases non susceptible of radical treatment and to recurrencies from previous interventions.
Telecobaltoterapia Dei Tumori Vescicali: Considerazioni Pratiche
Authors: Buraggi G. L. , Carnevali G. , Felci U. , Roncoroni L. 
Published: April 2018

The various radiotherapeutical techniques employed in the cancer of the urinary bladder are mentioned. Particular account is given to the telecobaltotherapy and the experience made at the Cancer Institute of Milan during the last 18 months is reported. The need for the radiotherapist of a careful evaluation of the morbid process is emphasized, especially with concern to the degree of the wall infiltration, and to the extravesical spreading; therefore, urographic, cystographic and peripneumocystographic examinations are advised besides the clinical, cystoscopical and laboratory investigations. The telecobaltotherapy of the vesical cancer is essentially based upon two irradiation techniques. In the cases with spreading of the tumour beyond the organ wall, stationary field therapy is employed, with a palliative scope; the focus dosis does not overcome the 4,500 r. On the other hand, in cases in which the tumour is supposed to be contained within the bladder wall, a wide (280°) pendulum therapy is preferred, which allows the concentration of a high dose (6,000 r about) on the region including the empty urinary bladder and the pericystium.
Studio Delle Sostanze Tumoral1 Ad Azione Inibente Sulla Catalasi Epatica « in Vivo » : Nota n. 2 Impiego Dei Liquidi Ascitici Per Lo Studio Delle Sostanze Inibenti La Catalasi
Authors: Ceriotti G. , Spandrio L. , Agradi A. 
Published: April 2018

Tumoral and non-tumoral ascitic fluids, subcutaneously or endoperitoneally injected (2 ml) in normal mice, produce a significant decrease of the liver catalase activity. The only negative results were observed with a liquid from a tubercular pleurisy and another one from cardiocirculatory decompensation. After adsorption of the ascitic liquids on tricalcic phosphate gel, made old or suitably treated, the supernatant exerts, at the same dose, an inhibiting power on liver catalase which is higher than that of the original liquid. Such phenomenon is of difficult interpretation. The inhibiting activity appears to be clearly increased even after prolonged stay at low temperature (–-15 °C).
Esame Morfologico Ed Istochimico Della Cute Di Ratto Dagli Ultimi Stadi Dello Sviluppo Embrionale Alla Vecchiaia, Con Speciale Riferimento Alle Relazioni Tra Epidermide E Derma. Analogie Tra La Cute Del Neonato E La Cute Durante Le Prime Fasi Dell'Oncogenesi
Authors: Maltoni C. , Prodi G. 
Published: April 2018

Dermal changes of rat skin have been studied from the last stages of the fetal development up to old age. They have been related to the development of skin epithelial adnexa. The dermis evolves with the age from an immature, loose and highly cellular connective tissue to a fibrous tissue, through a series of changes affecting the cells and the structurally organized and structureless extracellular component. The histochemical changes of the extracellular structures have been described in relation to the morphological changes. The mucopolysaccharides behaviour has been also described. The evolution of the dermis proceeds from the innermost layers to the superficial ones. At the stage of formation of the epithelial buds which penetrate the underlying dermis to constitute the future skin adnexa, the dermis is loose and, at the level of the proliferating pole of the epithelial buds, the basal membrane and the cellular barrier formed by fibroblasts and fibrocites are lacking. The epithelial proliferation appears to be stopped in the depth by the dermis which becomes gradually fibrous. Around the established cutaneous adnexa, the basal membrane and the cellular barrier become continuous. The above data have been related to the dermal changes occurring during epithelial proliferation due to local treatment with irritating and with carcinogenic substances. They are interpreted in the light of the hypothesis concerned with the importance of the connective changes in the various types of cell growth.
Osservazioni Sul Comportamento Dell'Attivita’ Fosfoglicomutasica Eritrocitaria in Pazienti Affetti Da Neoplasie e Da Emopatie Maligne
Authors: Coltorti M. , Di Simone A. , Budillon G. 
Published: April 2018

The erithrocitary phosphoglucomutase activity has been studied in 202 subjects: 42 healthy, 72 affected with non tumoral and non hematologic diseases, 88 with malignant tumours of varius type. The phosphoglucomutase activity was found to be, in the 83 per cent of the cancer patients, clearly above the standard deviation limit of the normal and non cancerous patients. It may be admitted that such increase represents one of the many metabolic alterations of the organism affected by cancer.
Single Agent Sequential Chemotherapy in Non-Hodgkin's Lymphomas
Authors: Monfardini Silvio , Tancini Gabriele , Gasparini Marco , Pizzetti Federico , De Lena Mario , Bonadonna Gianni 
Published: April 2018

A retrospective analysis of 118 patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphomas who received one or more drugs of single agent chemotherapy was conducted to determine the relationship between the histopathologic category of lymphoma, based on the classification proposed by Rappaport et al., and the results (type of regression and survival) of sequential chemotherapy. In 96/118 cases, slides were available for histopathologic reclassification. Patients were selected according to the following criteria: chemotherapy with single agents administered in sequence (e.g. alkylating agents, vincristine, adriamycin, bleomycin); change in drug administration only after an adequate course and either no response or clinical resistance after prior regression; measurable disease; performance status greater than 40. Prior to chemotherapy 66 patients had diffuse (extranodal) disease, 39 adenopathies above and below the diaphragm, and 13 adenopathies only above or below the diaphragm. 49/118 patients were pretreated with radiotherapy. The data were most complete for alkylating agents which were administered as a single agent in 93 patients. Complete remission (CR) plus partial remission (PR) greater than 50% occurred in 39% of patients with lymphocytic lymphoma, in 39% with histiocytic and in 50% with mixed type lymphoma (table 4). This type of response was observed with all drugs in 70% of nodular lymphomas and in 36% of diffuse lymphomas (table 7). The overall response rate to adriamycin was 75% in nodular lymphomas, and 55% in diffuse lymphomas. These data were 40% and respectively 14% after treatment with bleomycin. Median survival of all non-Hodgkin's lymphomas was 16.2 months (fig. 1); median survival was 23.4 months for nodular lymphomas and 17.4 months for diffuse lymphomas (fig. 2). Among nodular lymphomas, no significant differences were observed between nodular histiocytic and nodular lymphocytic well differentiated (fig. 3). Diffuse lymphocytic well differentiated lymphomas showed better survival in comparison to diffuse lymphocytic poorly differentiated, diffuse histiocytic and diffuse undifferentiated types (fig. 4). Patients responding to 2 drugs or more showed a better median survival (66 months) than those responding only to one drug (22.4 months) and unresponsive patients (10.2 months) (fig. 5). This study confirms most of the data reported by the Stanford group and emphasizes the need to employ a more deteailed histopathologic classification such as that proposed by Rappaport et al. Although this retrospective analysis has a number of drawbacks, it does provide, in terms of survival, a measurable indication that the responsiveness to at least two drugs is associated with better survival in non-Hodgkin's lymphomas than little or no responsiveness.
Researches about Knowledge of Self-Examination and some Problems about Breast Cancer
Authors: Tamburini Marcello , Pozzi Giuseppe , Re Alberto , Fossati Vittorio , Di Pietro Sergio 
Published: April 2018

A research on the degree of knowledge about the problem of breast self-examination was carried out in a group of 500 women in the Out-patients Department of the Cancer Institute in Milan. The women were given a questionnaire to fill up at home and to return at the moment of the medical examination. The analysis of data showed that, though the level of education of the subjects was fairly good, the knowledge and the practise of the periodical self-examination as a method for an early diagnosis was very low. 70% of the women declared to have some knowledge about the method, but only 9% declared to practise it regularly.
Cancer Research in the European Community and Other Non-EC Countries
Authors: Parodi Silvio , Parodi Anita , Lombardo Claudio , Santi Leonardo 
Published: April 2018

Aims We assessed the scientific productivity in the field of cancer research of countries in the European Community (EC) and the most important non-EC countries by counting the number of papers published during the period 1988-1990 in 15 of the top scientific journals (as defined by the Journal Citation Reports, Oncology). The global and per capita data are presented for each country. Methods Qualitative parameters like the impact factor and the half-life were also considered in the analysis. The selection of cancer journals with a high average quotation rate gave significant results. Introducing the average impact factor and half-life of each journal modified the results only slightly. The per capita data for each country were not corrected for the number of investigators working in oncology (a datum difficult to obtain). The parameters thus do not define the performance of the average investigator but are more « economic » parameters specifically related to the field of cancer research. Results and conclusions Small, wealthy Western countries tended to have an advantage over large, less developed countries, as expected. However, additional individual differences that could be of interest were present in the group of developed countries.
Endoscopic Treatment of Postradiation Strictures
Authors: Spinelli Pasquale , Milani Franco , Cerrai Federicp Giuseppe , Mancini Andrea , Ali Domenico Corrado , Palazzi Mauro , Pizzetti Paolo 
Published: April 2018

Background Esophageal stricture is a rare complication of radiotherapy: reports on its incidence and management are therefore anecdotal. Methods From January 1978 to September 1992, 44 patients presenting with an esophageal stricture related to a previous radiation treatment were endo-scopically dilated at the Endoscopy Division of the Istituto Nazionale Tumori of Milan. Results Esophageal recanalization was obtained in 95 % of the patients treated, and in 79 % of these normal eating habits were restored. No strict correlation was observed between radiation dose and severity of the stricture, or time elapsed between first treatment and endoscopic dilation. Conclusions In our experience, endoscopic dilation was a safe effective procedure and represented an effective palliative tool in dysphagic patients with esophageal strictures due to previous local radiotherapy.
Is Early Gastric Cancer, Diffuse Type, a Forerunner of Advanced Gastric Cancer?
Authors: Leocata Pietro , Gallo Pietro , Chiominto Alessandro , Saltarelli Solidea , Cioccocioppo Rachele , Saltarelli Patrizia , Di Giacomo Carlo , Ventura Luca 
Published: April 2018

Aims and Background Gastric cancer (GC) represents one of the most Important causes of death by malignancy world wilde. Our retrospective study was carried out on surgical stomach specimens obtained from a series of 552 consecutive cases of GC observed in the Departments of Surgical Pathology of the Public Hospitals of L'Aquila and Atri which cover the 17 % of the entire population of the Italian Region Abruzzo. The aim of the study was to compare the anatomo-clinical characteristics of early GC (EGC) and advanced GC (AGC). Methods The diagnosis was achieved by the criteria of the Lauren's histopathological classification (intestinal and diffuse types). Our study also stratified the cases by sex, age, lymph node metastases and associated lesions such as chronic atrophic gastritis, intestinal metaplasia and dysplasia. Results On an average, patients affected by EGC were 8.1 years younger than those with AGC. This age gap could support the hypothesis that early lesions represent the first stage of AGC. However, when patients were subdivided according to Lauren's classification, the mean age of patients with EGC, diffuse type, was 12.2 years less than that of AGC patients of the corresponding histological type. Furthermore, the subset of patients with EGC, diffuse type, and lymph node metastases was 17.8 years younger than patients affected by AGC diffuse type, with lymph node metastases. Conclusions The present study offers an original survey on GC in a defined Italian population. As far as the intestinal histotype is concerned, the slight age difference between EGC and AGC suggests that these tumors are different steps of the same process. On the contrary, the age distribution suggests that EGC, diffuse type, has a different biological behaviour.
Infections in Patients with Acute Non-Lymphocytic Leukemia Nursed with Central or Peripheral Venous Access
Authors: Fasola Gianpiero , Savignano Chiara , Revignas Maria Gloria , Virgolini Luigi , Baccarani Michele 
Published: April 2018

Aims and Background Infections are a major problem in patients undergoing induction chemotherapy for acute leukemia. Granulocytopenia is the single most imporant risk factor, but the pattern of infecting organisms can change according to nursing facilities or bacterial and fungal prophylaxis. Methods We reviewed the patterns and types of infections in 30 patients with acute non-lymphocytic leukemia. Eighty-nine periods of neutropenia following chemotherapy were evaluated: in 60 courses patients had central and in 29 had peripheral venous access. Results Almost all patients (97 %) became febrile after the 1st course of therapy, but one-third remained apyretic after the fourth course (P = 0.002). In this series, the incidence of gram-positive, gram-negative and mycotic isolations were respectively 76 %, 18 % and 6 %. The need for antimicrobic treatment varied in relation to the course of chemotherapy. Conclusions We conclude that in acute non-lymphocytic leukemia the first neutropenic period following the onset of disease is the most critical regarding infectious problems. Both quinolonic prophylaxis and central venous access could be responsible for the microbiologic findings.
Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma in Children and Adolescents Successful Role of Retrieval Therapy
Authors: Zaghloul Mohamed S. , Dahaba Nader M. , Wahab Amina Abdel , Hussein M. Hany , El-Koutbey Montasser 
Published: April 2018

Background The nasopharyngeal carcinoma in children and adolescents usually presents in advanced locoregional stages. Methods Seeventeen patients, below the age of 18 years, with the diagnosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma were diagnosed and treated at the National Cancer Institute (NCI), Cairo, Egypt, during the period 1982-1987. These 17 patients were selected from 28 patients of the same age group to whom the diagnosis of nasopharyngeal malignancies were established. This diagnosis was confirmed morphologically and with immunostaining using antibodies against leucocyte common antigen (LCA), epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), cytokeratin and vimentin. Results Eighty two percent of our patients were in T3 + T4 and 94 % had N 1-3 nodal status. The loco-regional control was 94 % with adequate conventional radiotherapy, while the distant metastasis rate was also high (81 %). The 5-year actuarial survival rate was 47 ± 11 % and the survival worsened with the advancement in T stage. However, the present study did not show any influence of N stage on survival. The relatively high survival rate depended mainly upon successful retrieval therapy with radiochemotherapy. Conclusions This emphasizes the role of combination chemotherapy in the treatment of relapsing nasopharyngeal carcinoma in young patients.