bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Healthcare utilization associated with obesity management in Ontario, Canada
Authors: Wharton Sean , Belloum Adel , Luckevich Maria , Kamran Elham , Luguzis Artis , Eberg Maria , Kukaswadia Atif , Neish Calum S. , Capucci Silvia , Varbo Anette , Morgen Camilla S. 
Published: November 2024

SummaryThis study aimed to describe the characteristics, healthcare resources utilized and costs incurred by adults receiving publicly funded obesity care in Ontario, Canada. People living with obesity who first visited Wharton Medical Clinic, a weight and diabetes management clinic in Ontario, between 2015 and 2018 were identified. Pseudoanonymized data were linked to administrative databases to understand healthcare utilization and costs borne by the public payer over 3 years. 6208 participants had linked data, 63.9% and 27.3% of whom remained followed one and two years after their first clinic visit, respectively. The cohort was 71.84% female with a mean (SD) age of 50.86 (13.28) years and BMI of 40.21 (7.06) kg/m2. Approximately 25% of participants were prescribed pharmacotherapy (liraglutide, orlistat, naltrexone/bupropion), 4% received psychological therapy and 2% had weight‐loss surgery. Common obesity‐related complications were hypertension (42.62%), musculoskeletal pain (35.20%) and dyslipidaemia (33.65%). Participants had 22.16 physician visits per person‐year in year one, mostly to general practitioners and endocrinologists, which decreased to 17.38 visits per person‐year by year three. Mean total costs (excluding privately covered prescriptions) per person‐year decreased from $5227.25 (Canadian dollars) (SE: $0.97) to $4982.88 (SE: $2.16) over the same period. Participants were mostly female and presented with obesity‐related complications. Although healthcare utilization and costs incurred by the cohort were high, both showed a decreasing trend over the follow‐up period.
Effect of PEG‐400 on dyeing properties of cotton fabric in non‐aqueous medium system
Authors: Chen Hui , Zhang Hongjuan , Wang Zhengkai , Guo Jing , Yang Qun , Pei Liujun , Liang Shuaitong , Jin Kaili , Wang Jiping 
Published: November 2024

AbstractTraditional reactive dyeing has the technical problems of high water consumption and high pollution. In this article, the effect of polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG‐400) on the dyeing properties of cotton fabrics with high concentration reactive dyes in non‐aqueous medium was studied. Initially, the effects of PEG‐400 on colour strength (K/S) and colour fastness of dyed fabric with reactive dye are systematically discussed. In addition, the effect of PEG‐400 on the hydrolysis properties of reactive dyes was analysed by high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). At the same time, the molecular interaction force between the dye and PEG‐400 was analysed by ultraviolet‐visible (UV‐visible) spectroscopy. The results showed that when PEG‐400 concentration was 3.0 g/L, K/S value of dyed fabric (5.0%, on weight of fabric, owf) was increased by 33.5%, and is much higher than dyed fabrics without PEG‐400. HPLC and UV‐visible analysis showed that the addition of PEG‐400 effectively reduced the hydrolysis rate of dye II containing two vinyl sulfone reactive groups, which was converted from C.I. Reactive Black 5 containing contains diethylsulfone sulphate group. Its hydrolysis rate was reduced by 20.9%. PEG‐400 also decreased the aggregation degree of high concentration reactive dye, and increased the solubility of reactive dye. This method has certain universality. Therefore, using PEG‐400 as an additive is an effective way to improve the dye uptake of reactive dyes in non‐aqueous medium dyeing system and realise cleaner production.
Terbutaline for Management of Relative Bradycardia Post‐Orthotopic Heart Transplant: A Single Center Experience
Authors: Tu Zoe H. , Yun Allison N. , Gorthi Janardhana , Guha Ashrith , Krisl Jill C. , Bhimaraj Arvind 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundVagal nerve denervation during the heart transplant procedure results in higher resting heart rates in these recipients compared to the general population. Relative bradycardia (RB) is a common and often temporary post‐operative complication that can be managed with agents like terbutaline; however, little data exist on the efficacy, safety, and necessity of long‐term terbutaline use post‐heart transplant.MethodsThis was a single‐center, retrospective, descriptive study conducted at a large academic medical center investigating oral terbutaline use for RB management in heart transplant recipients. Outcomes included time to and reason for terbutaline discontinuation post‐transplant, adverse event rates, and permanent pacemaker (PPM) placement rates.ResultsIn the 229 patients included, the median (IQR) time to terbutaline initiation was 8 (5, 12) days post‐heart transplant, with a median (IQR) time to discontinuation of 56 (20, 96) days from the first dose. In most cases, terbutaline was successfully tapered off outpatient due to the resolution of RB. Tachyarrhythmias occurred in 29 (12.7%) patients without long‐term sequelae. At 3 months post‐transplant, PPM had been placed for chronotropic support in 15 patients (6.6%) with a median time (IQR) to PPM placement of 24 (19, 77) days from transplant.ConclusionThis study's overall low PPM placement rate suggests that early sinus node dysfunction can be treated with pharmacotherapy without committing to a permanent device, and that terbutaline can be used safely in early post‐heart transplant recipients. If patients require long‐term chronotropic support, the risk‐benefit of PPM placement versus continued terbutaline should be considered.
Association of proteinuria with improved prognosis in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma treated with atezolizumab and bevacizumab, and the predictive role of serum vascular endothelial growth factor D levels: A multicenter retrospective study
Authors: Yang Zijian , Suda Goki , Sho Takuya , Maehara Osamu , Ohara Masatsugu , Yoda Tomoka , Fu Qingjie , Sasaki Takashi , Kohya Risako , Yoshida Sonoe , Hosoda Shunichi , Kitagataya Takashi , Kawagishi Naoki , Nakai Masato , Natsuizaka Mitsuteru , Ogawa Koji , Ohnishi Shunsuke , Yamamoto Yoshiya , Baba Masaru , Yamada Ren , Kobayashi Tomoe , Chen Minhu , Sakamoto Naoya ,   for the NORTE Study Group
Published: November 2024

AbstractAimAtezolizumab/bevacizumab is a first‐line therapy for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Among several adverse events, grade ≥2 proteinuria is considered a significant adverse event that may cause bevacizumab interruption. Studies have shown that proteinuria might predict improved prognosis, although data are scarce and the association remains controversial, and the mechanisms and predictive factors remain unclear. We aimed to clarify these.MethodsIn this multicenter retrospective study, we screened patients with HCC treated with atezolizumab/bevacizumab. The prognostic impact of grade ≥2 proteinuria was examined in patients with proper clinical data and preserved serum for growth factor analysis. For biomarker analysis predicting proteinuria, baseline serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)‐A, VEGF‐C, and VEGF‐D levels were analyzed.ResultsThis study included 75 patients, and 32 (42.7%) experienced grade ≥2 proteinuria. No significant differences were observed between those with or without proteinuria, except for aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase levels. Time‐dependent Cox proportional hazards analysis revealed that grade ≥2 proteinuria was significantly associated with better prognosis (hazard ratio 0.221; 95% confidence interval 0.082–0.592; p = 0.003). In biomarker analysis, low baseline serum VEGF‐C and VEGF‐D levels were significantly associated with proteinuria, and multivariate analysis demonstrated that baseline serum VEGF‐D level was significantly associated with grade ≥2 proteinuria (hazard ratio 0.101; 95% confidence interval 0.029–0.357; p < 0.001).ConclusionsGrade ≥2 proteinuria in patients with unresectable HCC treated with atezolizumab/bevacizumab indicates a better prognosis, and baseline serum VEGF‐D levels can help predict its occurrence. These findings can help in managing adverse events and prognosis in advanced HCC treated with atezolizumab/bevacizumab.
Self‐compassion in patients undergoing haemodialysis: A qualitative study
Authors: Kemmochi Takashi , Oka Michiyo , Matsumoto Mitsuhiro , Sato Yoshiko , Sato Moe , Fukuda Ai , Sadakata Asuka , Kimura Kazumi 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundPatients undergoing haemodialysis require long‐term treatment and suffer from physical limitations and emotional distress due to restrictions in daily life, such as food and fluid restrictions, which can lead to self‐criticism and depression. To address these issues, the concept of self‐compassion, which is important for patients undergoing haemodialysis, has gained attention.ObjectiveThis study aimed to identify self‐compassion in patients undergoing haemodialysis.DesignThis is an interview‐based qualitative study.ParticipantsParticipants were recruited from a regional general hospital in Japan between August and September 2022. They were ≥18‐year‐old patients with diabetes and chronic kidney disease and visited the hospital for maintenance haemodialysis. Fifteen patients who agreed to participate in the study were interviewed.ApproachSemistructured interviews were conducted, and each interview was recorded and transcribed verbatim. Data analysis was conducted using reflecxive thematic analysis (TA).FindingsThematic analysis generated three themes—acceptance, affirmation, and reinvention—from the seven subthemes. A different concept, “reinvention”, has been generated in this study. Regarding the sequential nature of the themes, it was predicted that they would proceed in the order of acceptance, affirmation, and reinvention, moving back and forth through these stages.ConclusionsIt can be said that nurses can support patients undergoing haemodialysis by providing feedback to them about their thoughts and feelings, which were captured based on the themes and subthemes of this study, to promote the patients' awareness and increase their self‐compassion.
Beliefs of Peers' Behavior, Clinical Guidelines, and Private Attitudes to Antibiotics as Drivers of Antibiotic Prescribing
Authors: Carlsson Fredrik , Jacobsson Gunnar , Lampi Elina , Rönnerstrand Björn 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThis study examines how doctors' personal views and norms on antibiotics affect their choices when prescribing antibiotics in Sweden. We analyze answers from two surveys, one in 2018 with 357 doctors about their own use and attitudes of antibiotics and another in 2019–2020 with 255 doctors about their prescription behavior. We find that doctors have more knowledge, and concern about antibiotic resistance and use than ordinary citizens, but they also use more antibiotics and are less ready to reduce their personal use of antibiotics. A doctor's choice not to prescribe antibiotics is strongly correlated with the descriptive treatment norms, that is, the perception of what most doctors would do when considering prescribing antibiotics and the guidelines for using antibiotics. There is also a strong correlation between professional and private attitudes: Although doctors themselves use more antibiotics than average people on average, those who are willing to refrain from using antibiotics as a private person are also more willing to avoid prescribing antibiotics to their patients.
A bridge point cloud databank for digital bridge understanding
Authors: Zhang Hongwei , Zhu Yanjie , Xiong Wen , Cai C. S. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractDespite progress in automated bridge point cloud segmentation based on deep learning, challenges persist. For instance, the absence of a public point cloud dataset specifically designed for bridge instances, and the existing bridge point cloud datasets display a lack of diversity in bridge types and inconsistency in component labeling. These factors may hinder the further improvement of accuracy in bridge point cloud segmentation. In this paper, a universal multi‐type bridge point cloud databank, named BrPCD, consisting of a total of 98 point cloud data (PCD; 10 of them are obtained from scanning, and the rest is obtained by data augmentation) from small to long‐span bridges, is established. Additionally, a method for augmenting bridge PCD is proposed, significantly enriching the spatial feature information of bridges within the dataset. Furthermore, based on the introduced data annotation rules, a uniform categorization of semantic labels for bridge components is implemented, enhancing the applicability of our dataset across various semantic segmentation tasks for different types of bridges. A benchmark testing was conducted on the BrPCD using the PointNet model. The segmentation results indicate that the parameters learned through the BrPCD enable accurate segmentation at the level of various types of bridge components. In other words, the BrPCD can function as a universal dataset, applicable for testing various networks aimed at bridge point cloud segmentation.
Paraneoplastic Cerebellar Degeneration and Symptomless Lambert–Eaton Myasthenic Syndrome With SOX‐1 Antibodies
Authors: Ohya Yuichiro , Tokashiki Takashi , Kuda Tomoya , Nakachi Ryo , Tamaki Kohei , Senoo Hiroshi , Yasutomi Daigo , Kido Miwako , Fujiwara Yoshihiko , Fujisaki Natsumi 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTA 62‐year‐old man was diagnosed with paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration (PCD) at a previous hospital due to cerebellar ataxia, positive serum SOX‐1 antibodies, and small cell lung cancer. Although the tumor has shrunk by chemotherapy, the cerebellar ataxia progressed and left him unable to walk. Lambert–Eaton myasthenic syndrome (LEMS) was suspected, because nerve conduction studies showed that reduced compound muscle action potential amplitudes disproportionate to muscle weakness. PCD‐LEMS with SOX‐1 antibodies was diagnosed on the basis of waxing by high‐frequency repetitive nerve stimulation test and high P/Q‐type voltage‐gated calcium channel antibody levels. Immunoglobulin therapy and 3,4‐diaminopyridine contributed to improved activities of daily living by improving muscle weakness masked by cerebellar symptoms. In patients with SOX‐1 antibodies, investigating for tumors and LEMS is necessary, even if muscle weakness is not noticeable.
Processing Fluency and Predictive Processing: How the Predictive Mind Becomes Aware of its Cognitive Limitations
Authors: Servajean Philippe , Wiese Wanja 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPredictive processing is an influential theoretical framework for understanding human and animal cognition. In the context of predictive processing, learning is often reduced to optimizing the parameters of a generative model with a predefined structure. This is known as Bayesian parameter learning. However, to provide a comprehensive account of learning, one must also explain how the brain learns the structure of its generative model. This second kind of learning is known as structure learning. Structure learning would involve true structural changes in generative models. The purpose of the current paper is to describe the processes involved upstream of these structural changes. To do this, we first highlight the remarkable compatibility between predictive processing and the processing fluency theory. More precisely, we argue that predictive processing is able to account for all the main theoretical constructs associated with the notion of processing fluency (i.e., the fluency heuristic, naïve theory, the discrepancy‐attribution hypothesis, absolute fluency, expected fluency, and relative fluency). We then use this predictive processing account of processing fluency to show how the brain could infer whether it needs a structural change for learning the causal regularities at play in the environment. Finally, we speculate on how this inference might indirectly trigger structural changes when necessary.
Exchange rate undervaluation and African surges: What do we learn from exported products?
Authors: da Piedade Camille , Jacolin Luc , Plane Patrick 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWe study the role of undervaluation of currency exchange rates in triggering African product export surges. Over the period 1995–2017, 96 episodes are identified for 41 African countries from a basket of their primary and manufactured exported goods (149 products, 4‐digit HS code). We compute country‐product specific real exchange rate misalignments, that allow testing the hypothesis that undervaluation drives competitiveness and thus export surges. The complementary log–log model confirms that product‐specific undervaluation promotes the occurrence of surge episodes. This effect proves robust to the way we define export episodes, the introduction of covariates in the model and the use of the Relogit as an alternative estimator for rare events.
Removing upper age restrictions for returning donors and increasing the new donor upper age: Novel adverse event findings using a comprehensive donor vigilance system in Australia
Authors: Speedy Joanna , Josling Gabrielle , Hoad Veronica C. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesIn July 2019, Australia removed the upper age limit for returning donors (previously 80 years) and increased the upper age for new donors from 70 to 75 years. This study assessed the safety of our new policy for our newly eligible upper age donors (NEUADs).Materials and MethodsFor the period, 14 July 2019 to 30 June 2023, the relative risk (RR) of individual adverse events in NEUADs was compared with younger cohorts.ResultsThere were 4529 NEUADs who made 8000 donations. The overall rates of vasovagal reactions (VVRs) were significantly lower in the NEUAD cohort. However, compared with younger donors; returning NEUADs had a significantly higher rate of loss of consciousness (RR 2.62; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.41–4.86) and new NEUADs had a significantly higher rate of offsite VVRs (RR 1.60; 95% CI: 1.08–2.37). Both new and returning NEUADs had significantly higher rates of VVR requiring outside medical care (RR 2.48; 95% CI: 1.28–4.79 and RR 4.45; 95% CI: 2.00–9.91 respectively).ConclusionOur findings support historical findings that overall VVR rates decline with age but suggest a higher risk of more serious VVRs.
Sustentar o Centro: Sobre o Pensamento Constitucional de Dieter Grimm
Authors: Nogueira de Brito Miguel 
Published: November 2024

Tendo em mente o famoso poema de William Yeats O Segundo Advento, pode talvez dizer-se que Dieter Grimm é um teórico constitucional que mais esforços tem desenvolvidos para sustentar o centro. Isto significa essencialmente, e sem pretensões de ser exaustivo, os seguintes aspetos: (i) uma visão equilibrada da relação entre justiça social e democracia; (ii) uma defesa matizada da dimensão objetiva dos direitos fundamentais, que é uma das principais inovações da jurisprudência do Tribunal Constitucional alemão; (iii) um justo equilíbrio entre as reivindicações da democracia e do controlo jurisdicional; (iv) a consciência dos processos de globalização e, ao mesmo tempo, a afirmação da essencialidade do Estado-Nação para a vida constitucional de um povo, apresentando-se Grimm como um defensor da Europa, mas também da soberania do Estado alemão, bem como de outros Estados-Membros da União Europeia; (v) finalmente, a defesa do constitucionalismo europeu tanto contra a visão americana do constitucionalismo como constrangimento como contra algumas visões extremas do constitucionalismo transformador.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Constitucionalismo; dimensão objetiva dos direitos fundamentais; controlo jurisdicional; relação entre constituições nacionais e direito da União Europeia; Tribunal Constitucional alemão; Dieter Grimm.
Caregiver‐Level Mental Health as a Contextual Effect in the Association Between Generalized Anxiety Disorder and Suicidal Ideation Among Adolescents: A Multilevel Analysis
Authors: Zhou Zhaohe , Xu Yi , Luo Dan , Hou Hao , Ao Mengqin , Liu Shuo , Liu Qian , Zhou Huijing , Wang Xiaoqin , Yang Bing Xiang , Zhou Yang , Zhao Jun 
Published: November 2024

Background: Suicidal ideation poses a significant risk for suicidal behavior among adolescents globally. While studies have highlighted the association between anxiety and suicidal ideation, little is known regarding these behaviors in the Chinese adolescent population, as well as possible contextual factors that may influence this relationship. This study explores the association between generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and suicidal ideation in an urban Chinese in‐school adolescent population and investigates the contextual influence of primary caregiver mental health, considering comorbid symptoms of depression, anxiety, and insomnia.Methods: Data from the Students’ Mental Health Network (SMHN) project in Wuhan, China, involving 7967 adolescents and their primary caregivers, were analyzed. The study assessed adolescents’ and primary caregivers’ mental health, including depression, insomnia, and GAD. Suicidal ideation was measured using the 9th item of Patient Health Questionnaire‐9 (PHQ‐9). Multilevel ordinal logistic regression models were used to examine associations between GAD and suicidal ideation, adjusting for covariates. Contextual effects were explored to determine how the mental health of the primary caregiver influences suicidal ideation.Results: The study found that GAD is independently associated with suicidal ideation among adolescents after accounting for other mental health covariates. Specifically, adolescents with more severe GAD symptoms, particularly subtype symptoms of “Restlessness” and “Irritability,” had a higher likelihood of experiencing suicidal ideation. There were significant contextual effects on adolescent suicidal ideation at the caregiver mental health level. Adolescents with caregivers experiencing depression and anxiety symptoms had an increased risk of suicidal ideation.Conclusions: This research highlights the importance of recognizing GAD as an independent risk factor for suicidal ideation among Chinese adolescents. It also emphasizes the role of caregiver mental health as a contextual factor. The findings suggest a need for holistic interventions addressing both adolescents’ and caregivers’ mental well‐being, ultimately enhancing suicide prevention efforts.