bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fast and safe mapping of ventricular tachycardia in patient with left ventricular assist device
Authors: Trevisi Nicola , Frontera Antonio , Calore Federico , Okubo Kenji , Della Bella Paolo 
Published: February 2019

Key Clinical MessageThe characterization of the pathological substrate and/or mapping of the clinical ventricular tachycardia in patients with left ventricular assist device may represent a challenge, due to the risk of entrapment of the intracardiac catheter into the inflow cannula. Hereby, we present the technique of a fast and safe mapping using a 20‐poles catheter which allowed the identification of the critical isthmus during ventricular tachycardia.
Verrucous carcinoma arising in a long standing Buschke‐Löwenstein tumor
Authors: Elsayed Ahmed G. , Sola‐Rufai Saidat T. , Griswold Doreen , Pacioles Toni 
Published: February 2019

Key Clinical MessageGiant condyloma acuminatum is a rare variant of genital warts also known as Buschke‐Löwenstein tumor. It is characterized by a slow progression of exophytic, ulcerative, and cauliflower‐shaped tumor with benign histological features. Verrucous carcinoma however is a rare variant of well‐differentiated squamous cell carcinoma with limited metastatic potential.
Severe aortic regurgitation in a quadricuspid aortic valve: A false rheumatic disease
Authors: Belleyo‐Belkasem Carima , de La Rosa‐Hernández Alejandro , Izquierdo‐Gómez María Manuela , García‐Niebla Javier , Lacalzada‐Almeida Juan 
Published: February 2019

Key Clinical MessageThe quadricuspid aortic valve (QAV) is a malformation that leads to severe valve failure later in life. Malformation and displacement of coronary ostia are found in 10% of patients. In this context, transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) and transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) are the essential imaging tests for the preoperative assessment for cardiac surgery.
Exercise‐related sudden cardiac death of an American football player with arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia/cardiomyopathy AND sarcoidosis
Authors: Müssigbrodt Andreas , Knopp Helge , Czimbalmos Csilla , Jahnke Cosima , Richter Sergio , Husser Daniela , Gradistanac Tanja , Hindricks Gerhard 
Published: February 2019

Key Clinical MessageThis case emphasizes the value of cardiac MRI and genetic testing in the early phase of ARVD/C. It also emphasizes the increased risk of SCD for patients with ARVD/C participating in competitive sports, even with immediate cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
Seaweed‐like 2D‐2D Architecture of MoS2/rGO Composites for Enhanced Selective Aerobic Oxidative Coupling of Amines
Authors: Wang Mingming , Wu Haihong , Shen Chaoren , Luo Shuping , Wang Dan , He Lin , Xia Chungu , Zhu Gangli 
Published: February 2019

AbstractTo provide a solution for pursuing high redox reactivity beyond the compromise between the numbers of sulfur vacancies and electron transfer ability, 2D‐2D architecture of MoS2/rGO composite was fabricated with 2D graphene‐like transition metal dichalcogenides and graphene. By employing this material as heterogeneous catalyst, imines, also known as Schiff base, was synthesized by direct aerobic oxidative coupling of amines. Taking advantage of few‐layered MoS2 nanosheets and graphene, catalytic performance was significantly enhanced, exhibiting both excellent conversion and remarkable selectivity. Due to the good oil‐absorbing capability of this open porous 2D‐2D architecture, the hydrolysis of NH‐imines by water was inhibited and thus aldehydes byproducts were diminished. A second order kinetic behavior was observed in the imines formation, indicating the bimolecular condensation might be the rate determining step in such coupling reaction.
N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Non‐Innocence in the Catalytic Hydrophosphination of Alkynes
Authors: Blackaby William J. M. , Neale Samuel E. , Isaac Connie J. , Sabater Sara , Macgregor Stuart A. , Whittlesey Michael K. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractStudies on alkyne hydrophosphination employing nickel‐NHC catalysts (NHC=N‐heterocyclic carbene) revealed that the free N‐alkyl substituted NHCs themselves were catalytically active. DFT calculations showed the mechanism involves the NHC acting as a Brønsted base to form an imidazolium phosphide species which then undergoes rate‐limiting nucleophilic attack at the terminal alkyne carbon. This mechanism explains the preference seen experimentally for reactions with aryl substituted phosphines and alkynes, while the rearrangements of the alkenyl anion formed upon P−C bond formation account for the observation of both Z‐ and E‐regioisomers of the products.
Metabolism Mimicry: An Electrosynthetic Method for the Selective Deethylation of Tertiary Benzamides
Authors: Bal Mandeep K. , Banks Craig E. , Jones Alan M. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe electrosynthetic deethylation of tertiary amides, commonly encountered moieties in pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals, is an analogue of the function of cytochrome P450 enzymes, a major oxidant metabolic pathway for xenobiotics. The ability to tractably synthesise, in a late‐stage manner, drug metabolites from the parent drug is currently unsolved. We report the first study, mechanistic rationale, and synthetic scope of an undivided controlled current electrosynthetic method that selectively mono deethylates tertiary amides without over‐reaction. An optimisation survey found that changing the electron input from controlled voltage to controlled current conditions led to deethylation rather than the expected dehydrogenative coupling. The scope and limitations of the method were interrogated with 14 examples with the parent benzamide reaction optimised (86 % yield) and the scalable production of the major human metabolite of the insect repellent DEET was achieved from the parent molecule in one step.
Development and validation of an immune prognostic signature for ovarian carcinoma
Authors: Khadirnaikar Seema , Kumar Pranjal , Shukla Sudhanshu Kumar 
Published: February 2019

AbstractBackgroundOvarian cancer (OC) causes a significant proportion of cancer‐related deaths in women. Recently, immunotherapy has emerged as a substantial player in cancer treatment. Lymphocyte infiltration, an important indicator of immune activity and disease aggressiveness, can be identified by gene expression profiling of immune‐related genes of tumours which may prove useful in prognosis of patients.AimsThe aim of this study is to identify and validate a novel immune gene‐based prognostic signature for OC.Methods and resultsHere, we extracted the expression of immune‐related genes and performed the Cox regression analysis and identified five genes with significant correlation with survival in training cohort of patients (n = 286). We utilised regression coefficient and expression level of five genes to calculate immune prognostic signature (IPS) score for OC patients. In univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis with other clinicopathological factors, we showed that IPS is an independent predictor of survival (P value <0.01). More importantly, we utilised 404 patients from TCGA dataset as the validation cohort and validated the survival capability of IPS in the univariate and multivariate analysis (P value <0.001). Interestingly, KM analysis showed a significant difference in survival of patients with high and low IPS score in both datasets (training dataset P value <0.01, validation dataset P value <0.01). Further, we showed that all the five genes are differentially expressed and involved in immune modulation among other pathways. Interestingly, GSEA analysis showed that high IPS patients had low immune activity and activated EMT and other oncogenic pathways.ConclusionIn summary, we have developed and validated robust immune‐related gene‐based prognostic signature to identify the OC patients with high immune activity who can be taken for immunotherapy.
Chromatin‐Associated RNA Sequencing (ChAR‐seq)
Authors: Jukam David , Limouse Charles , Smith Owen K. , Risca Viviana I. , Bell Jason C. , Straight Aaron F. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractRNA is a fundamental component of chromatin. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) can associate with chromatin to influence gene expression and chromatin state; many also act at long distances from their transcriptional origin. Yet we know almost nothing about the functions or sites of action for most ncRNAs. Current methods to identify sites of RNA interaction with the genome are limited to the study of a single RNA at a time. Here we describe a protocol for ChAR‐seq, a strategy to identify all chromatin‐associated RNAs and map their DNA contacts genome‐wide. In ChAR‐seq, proximity ligation of RNA and DNA to a linker molecule is used to construct a chimeric RNA‐DNA molecule that is converted to DNA for sequencing. In a single assay, ChAR‐seq can discover de novo chromatin interactions of distinct RNAs, including nascent transcripts, splicing RNAs, and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs). Resulting “maps” of genome‐bound RNAs should provide new insights into RNA biology. © 2019 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Effect of pH conditioners on tooth bleaching
Authors: Ito Yuki , Otsuki Masayuki , Tagami Junji 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of pH conditioners on tooth bleaching using hematoporphirin‐stained paper and artificially discolored bovine tooth model. Experimental bleaching gels containing 23% hydrogen peroxide, adjusting pH 7.0 by different pH conditioners (NaOH, NaHCO3, Na2CO3, KOH, KHCO3, and K2CO3), were prepared. Each bleaching gel was applied on a hematoporphirin‐stained paper, and the light was exposed for 5 min. Before and after bleaching, color was measured and color difference was calculated. Artificially discolored bovine tooth samples were prepared and bleached by four experimental bleaching gels containing NaOH, NaHCO3, Na2CO3, or KHCO3. The bleaching time was 10 min with light exposure, and bleaching was repeated 10 times. The color of bleached surface was measured at each bleaching period, and color difference was calculated. In the experiment using hematoporphirin‐stained paper, degrees of color difference were KHCO3 > NaHCO3 > KOH > NaOH > Na2CO3 ≥ K2CO3. In the experiment using bovine teeth, degrees of color difference were KHCO3 > NaHCO3 > NaOH > Na2CO3. It was concluded that the bleaching materials with same pH and different pH conditioners showed different bleaching effects and that both cation and anion in the pH conditioners affected bleaching effect.
Energy efficient virtual network embedding for federated software‐defined networks
Authors: Dahir Mohamed Haji , Alizadeh Hadi , Gözüpek Didem 
Published: February 2019

SummaryIn this paper, we focus on energy efficient virtual network embedding in federated (multidomain) software‐defined networks (SDNs). We first formulate an optimization problem as an integer linear program (ILP) that minimizes the energy consumption of the network links, while at the same time adhering to the bandwidth and CPU requirements of the virtual network requests. We then propose a polynomial‐time heuristic algorithm, which consists of three stages. In the first stage, the top SDN controller decides on whether to partition the virtual network request into smaller subrequests and give subrequests to multiple domains or give the enitre virtual network request to a single domain, while in the second stage, each SDN controller implements virtual network embedding in its own domain. Finally, in the third stage, the algorithm performs interdomain routing if partitioning decision had been made in the first stage. Our simulation results demonstrate that our proposed algorithm yields close performance to the solutions obtained by using the optimization software CPLEX that implements our ILP.
Evidence of capacity for water dispersal in Acer saccharum
Authors: Tessier Jack T. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractDispersal is a critical stage in the life cycle of plants, allowing for movement to new areas and the finding of suitable habitat. Propagules can disperse via wind, water, animals, and botanical mechanisms. Acer saccharum is not known as a water‐dispersed species, but an observation of a floating fruit led to the question of whether its seeds can survive inundation. To assess this possibility, fruits were soaked in stream water for 0–28 d and stratified for germination. Flow rate data were collected from waterways in the vicinity of the observed floating fruit. Seeds successfully germinated if soaked in stream water for 0–7 d, and over 40% of inundated seeds floated. Based on flow rates, seeds of A. saccharum can potentially disperse for at least 250 km via flowing water. With north‐flowing rivers at the current northern range limit for A. saccharum, water dispersal represents an important opportunity for range shift in the face of climate change. South‐flowing rivers offer the opportunity for gene flow and seeking available habitat. New questions relate to identifying other species with undocumented capacity for water dispersal, and how such water dispersal will affect community reassembly linked to range shifts resulting from climate change.
A multi‐scale study of Australian fairy circles using soil excavations and drone‐based image analysis
Authors: Getzin Stephan , Yizhaq Hezi , Muñoz‐Rojas Miriam , Wiegand Kerstin , Erickson Todd E. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractFairy circles (FCs) are extremely ordered round patches of bare soil within arid grasslands of southwestern Africa and northwestern Australia. Their origin is disputed because biotic factors such as insects or abiotic factors such as edaphic and eco‐hydrological feedback mechanisms have been suggested to be causal. In this research, we used a multi‐scale approach to shed light on the origin of AustralianFCs. At a local scale, we investigated the potential cause ofFCs using analyses of soil compaction and texture withinFCs, the surrounding matrix vegetation, and in nearby large bare‐soil areas. We found that soil hardness and clay content were similarly higher inside theFCs and in the large bare‐soil areas. When compared to the matrix soils with protective grass cover, the 2.6–2.8 times higher clay content inFCs and large bare‐soil areas is likely sourced via multiple abiotic weathering processes. Intense rainfall events, particle dispersion, surface heat, evaporation, and mechanical crust building inhibit plant growth in both areas. At the landscape scale, a systematic survey of 154 soil excavations withinFCs was undertaken to evaluate the presence of pavement termitaria that could inhibit plant growth. We show that in up to 100% and most of the excavations per plot, no hard pavement termitaria were present in theFCs. This fact is substantiated by the observation that small, newly formingFCs are initiated on soft sand without evidence of termite activity. At the regional scale, we investigated the spatial properties ofFCs and common termite‐created gaps in Western Australia, using spatially explicit statistics. We mapped three 25‐haFCplots with a drone and compared them with three aerial images of typical vegetation gaps created by harvester and spinifex termites. We demonstrate that the small diameters, the lower ordering, and the heterogeneous patterns of these common termite gaps strongly differ from the unique spatial signature ofFCs. Our multi‐scale approach emphasizes that FCs are not trivial termite gaps and that partial correlation with termites at some sites does not imply causation. Instead, we highlight the need to study the edaphic and eco‐hydrological drivers of vegetation‐pattern formation in water‐limited environments.
Arc/Arg3.1 defines dendritic cells and Langerhans cells with superior migratory ability independent of phenotype and ontogeny in mice
Authors: Tintelnot Joseph , Ufer Friederike , Engler Jan Broder , Winkler Hana , Lücke Karsten , Mittrücker Hans‐Willi , Friese Manuel A. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe key function of migratory dendritic cells (migDCs) is to take up antigens in peripheral tissues and migrate to draining lymph nodes (dLN) to initiate immune responses. Recently, we discovered that in the mouse immune system activity‐regulated cytoskeleton associated protein/activity‐regulated gene 3.1 (Arc/Arg3.1) is exclusively expressed by migDCs and is a central driver of fast inflammatory migration. However, the frequency of Arc/Arg3.1‐expressing cells in different migDC subsets and Langerhans cells (LCs), their phylogenetic origin, transcription factor dependency, and functional role remain unclear. Here, we found that Arc/Arg3.1+ migDCs derived from common DC precursors and radio‐resistant LCs. We detected Arc/Arg3.1+ migDCs in varying frequencies within each migDC subset and LCs. Consistently, they showed superiority in inflammatory migration. Arc/Arg3.1 expression was independent of the transcription factors Irf4 or Batf3 in vivo. In intradermal Staphylococcus aureus infection that relies on inflammatory antigen transport, Arc/Arg3.1 deletion reduced T‐cell responses. By contrast, Arc/Arg3.1 deficiency did not hamper the immune response to systemic Listeria monocytogenes infection, which does not require antigen transport. Thus, Arc/Arg3.1 expression is independent of ontogeny and phenotype and although it is restricted to a small fraction within each migDC subset and LCs, Arc/Arg3.1+ migDCs are important to facilitate infectious migration.
Illuminating the Intermolecular vs. Intramolecular Excited State Energy Transfer Quenching by Europium(III) Ions
Authors: Junker Anne Kathrine R. , Sørensen Thomas Just 
Published: February 2019

AbstractInvitedInvited for the cover of this issue are AnneàKathrine Junker and ThomasàJustàSørensen from University of Copenhagen, Denmark. The cover image shows the fireworks of lanthanide luminescence and illustrates that intramolecular excited state energy transfer happens with a rate constant similar to that of the intermolecular process.
Combining USGS ShakeMaps and the OpenQuake‐engine for damage and loss assessment
Authors: Silva Vitor , Horspool Nick 
Published: February 2019

SummaryThe evaluation of the potential impact of strong seismic events shortly after their occurrence is a critical step to organise emergency response and consequently minimise the adverse effects of earthquakes. The estimation of the impact from earthquakes considering the observed ground shaking from past events can be useful for the calibration of existing exposure and/or fragility and vulnerability models. This study describes a methodology to combine the publicly available information from the USGS ShakeMap system and the open‐source software OpenQuake engine for the assessment of damage and losses. This approach is employed to estimate the number of structural collapses considering the 2012 Magnitude 5.9 Emilia‐Romagna (Italy) earthquake and the aggregated economic loss because of the 2010 Magnitude 7.1 Darfield (New Zealand) event. Several techniques to calculate the ground shaking in the affected region considering the spatial and interperiod correlations in the intra‐event ground motion residuals are investigated and their influence in the resulting damage or loss estimates are evaluated.
Response to Maxam and Tamma's discussion (EQE‐18‐0306) to Kolay and Ricles's paper, “Development of a family of unconditionally stable explicit direct integration algorithms with controllable numerical energy dissipation”
Authors: Kolay Chinmoy , Ricles James M. 
Published: February 2019

SummaryThis paper presents the authors' response to the discussion by Dean J. Maxam and Kumar K. Tamma of the paper titled “Development of a family of unconditionally stable explicit direct integration algorithms with controllable numerical energy dissipation.”
Mixture design approach for the development of reduced fat lamb patties with carboxymethyl cellulose and inulin
Authors: Guedes‐Oliveira Juliana M. , Costa‐Lima Bruno R. C. , Oliveira Denize , Neto Adelino , Deliza Rosires , Conte‐Junior Carlos A. , Guimarães Carlos Frederico M. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractFat replacement by carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and inulin (IN) for the manufacture of low‐fat lamb patties was investigated utilizing mixture design. The effect of fat, CMC, and IN levels on texture, color, weight loss, patty diameter reduction, and sensory characteristics was investigated. The presence of CMC decreased hardness (p < 0.05). While CMC and IN also decreased springiness, cohesiveness, gumminess, and chewiness (p < 0.05), no effect on adhesiveness was observed (p > 0.05). CMC increased L* (lightness), a* (redness), and b* (yellowness) values in raw patties, whereas IN and fat contributed to a decrease on these parameters. Higher contents of CMC resulted in products with lower weight loss (p < 0.05) with no significative diameter reduction (p > 0.05). Nonetheless, higher levels of CMC affected the sensory acceptance resulting on products described as crumbly and with residual flavor by check‐all‐that‐apply questions. CMC and IN can be used as fat replacers in lamb patties; however, the content of each ingredient must be carefully considered. In this study, it was observed that contents of CMC higher than 1% (w/w) negatively affected the product, whereas IN levels were not capable to decrease weight loss and diameter reduction in lamb patties.
6‐Gingerol, an active pungent component of ginger, inhibits L‐type Ca2+ current, contractility, and Ca2+ transients in isolated rat ventricular myocytes
Authors: Han Xue , Zhang Yuanyuan , Liang Yingran , Zhang Jianping , Li Mengying , Zhao Zhifeng , Zhang Xuan , Xue Yurun , Zhang Ying , Xiao Jingkai , Chu Li 
Published: February 2019

AbstractGinger has been widely used as a flavor, food, and traditional medicine for centuries. 6‐Gingerol (6‐Gin) is the active components of ginger and offers some beneficial effects on cardiovascular diseases. Here, the effects of 6‐Gin on L‐type Ca2+ current (ICa‐L), contractility, and the Ca2+ transients of rat cardiomyocytes, were investigated via patch‐clamp technique and the Ion Optix system. The 6‐Gin decreased the ICa‐L of normal and ischemic ventricular myocytes by 58.17 ± 1.05% and 55.22 ± 1.34%, respectively. 6‐Gin decreased ICa‐L in a concentration‐dependent manner with a half‐maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 31.25 μmol/L. At 300 μmol/L, 6‐Gin reduced the cell shortening by 48.87 ± 5.44% and the transients by 42.5 ± 9.79%. The results indicate that the molecular mechanisms underlying the cardio‐protective effects of 6‐Gin may because of a decreasing of intracellular Ca2+ via the inhibition of ICa‐L and contractility in rat cardiomyocytes.