bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Need and Recommendations for Universal Guidelines on Regulatory Status and Quality Control/Safety of Probiotic Products
Authors: Arora Malika , Arora Manish , Bansal Parveen , Baldi Ashish 
Published: February 2019

Background:
In today’s era, various health boosting products viz. probiotics, functional
foods, dietary supplements and nutraceuticals are gaining great commercial interest. Although
probiotics have traditional history of their use, their regulatory approval regimes across the globe
are complicated and incoherent.

Objective:
The present article has been compiled to give an overview of the existing approval
guidelines for the probiotic products across the globe along with their associated ambiguities. Furthermore,
suggestive consolidations for harmonized approval process to be implemented in future
are proposed on the basis of their intended use.

Methods:
The study was carried out by using secondary sources through literature survey from
journals, market reports, proceedings, books and web pages of relevant regulatory authorities and
a critical comparative study was conducted with respect to approval process of probiotics.

Results:
As per the comparative account of the current regulatory guidelines, it has been evidenced
that different countries have adopted diverse approval process for probiotics and; lack of
uniformity is of great concern. But due to rapid emergence of probiotics as drugs, a harmonized
approval process similar to other drugs covering all aspects of Investigational New Drug Application
(INDA) and New Drug Application (NDA) has been proposed in which organisms falling under
Generally Recognized As Safe (GRAS) category are exempted from INDA submission
whereas non GRAS, GRAE or new organisms are not exempted. After submission of NDA and
getting approval from Food and Drug Administration (FDA), product should be manufactured and
marketed.

Conclusion:
Regulatory bodies across the globe must ensure that probiotics based products should
be regulated by lawful approval process in such a manner which will lead to maximal health benefits
and minimal health risk for consumers.
A PERFORMANCE E O LOCAL DA CULTURA DE MANUSCRITOS CULINÁRIOS DE CONGREGAÇÕES RELIGIOSAS FEMININAS DE JOÃO PESSOA
Authors: Gomes Coutinho Ferreira Alessandra 
Published: February 2019

Os estudos sobre performance – a voz no corpo - e cultura permitem a compreensão de como estes dois campos de conhecimento revelam os modos de fazer de um determinado grupo. No campo da linguística aplicada, Moita Lopes (2007) pontua que as performances constroem identidades e as marcam. A investigação das marcas identitárias percebidas em performance permite compreender como a cultura foi fixada na estrutura e composição de manuscritos culinários de congregações religiosas femininas da cidade de João Pessoa durante o século XX. Dessa forma, é na linguagem e através dela que se conhecerão a performance e os locais da cultura presentes nesses registros de cozinha. Os manuscritos culinários revelam o que algumas freiras fixaram como memória das vozes, isto é, memória do que se comia nos diversos contextos comunicativos do cotidiano de mulheres. Sabe-se que a comida pontua as marcas culturais de um indivíduo, de um grupo e em um contexto
mais amplo de uma sociedade. Assim, pretende-se analisar os manuscritos culinários dessas religiosas a fim de identificar, nas escrituras das receitas de cozinha, as vozes e as performances das freiras ao fixar a memória dos pratos e os locais da cultura dos manuscritos. Para isso, utilizou-se como fundamentação teórica os estudos de Zumthor (1993, 2007), Bhabha (2007), Ottoni (1998) e Moita Lopes (2007).
ORALIDADE E VOCALIDADE NA POÉTICA DOS CANTADORES DE VIOLA: A POESIA DE CEGO SINFRÔNIO
Authors: Elisalene Alves dos Santos Maria 
Published: February 2019

A presente pesquisa, de natureza bibliográfica, trata da cantoria manifestada no interior do Ceará. Objetiva investigar a respeito da oralidade e da vocalidade presentes nos versos dos cantadores de viola, de forma especial, nos versos do poeta conhecido por Cego Sinfrônio. Para tanto, discutiu-se, inicialmente, sobre o conceito de oralidade voltado para a poesia oral. No segundo momento, o estudo volta-se para a definição de vocalidade e sua importância no processo de realização da cantoria. Finalmente, as categorias de oralidade e de vocalidade são aplicadas aos versos de Cego Sinfrônio. A pesquisa teve o suporte teórico de Marchuschi (2010),
Mota (2002), Zumthor (1993; 2010) entre outros. Espera-se que este trabalho possa contribuir com o processo de valorização e de reconhecimento da arte da cantoria.
A POÉTICA DA VOZ E O VAZIO DA ESCRITA: PARTE DA EXPERIÊNCIA DE UMA PESQUISA
Authors: Ávila Troca Renata 
Published: February 2019

As linhas que seguem foram recortadas de um texto maior, uma tese. Nela tentei traçar um diálogo escrito entre memórias de duas senhoras que se encontram dentro e fora de casa. Diante de inúmeros aspectos que poderia apresentar neste texto, escolhi apresentar o meu encontro com elas e o processo de escrita. O vazio que ocorre na grande maioria dos escritores foi um dos maiores companheiros desses anos de pesquisa. O grande
potencial de material que eu tinha fazia com que eu me sentisse com nada, uma vez que me sentia incapaz de filtrar e selecionar dentre tanta riqueza que me chegava. Diana Klinger (2014) é a responsável por me respaldar teoricamente nesta ligação entre literatura e a conceituação do vazio. Seguindo, encontro com autores que defendem a Poética da Voz como elemento literário e vivo, e, portanto, somente aí apresento minhas narradoras:
Idosas, negras, periféricas, com ações sociais, e por quem me afetuei.
“DOIS MUNDOS, UM DESTINO”: APONTAMENTOS SOBRE AS MENSAGENS IMAGÉTICAS PRESENTES NO BANNER DE WARCRAFT: THE BEGINNING “TWO WORLDS, A DESTINY”: POINTS ABOUT IMAGING MESSAGE OF BANNER WARCRAFT: THE BEGINNING
Authors: SANFELICE Gustavo Roese , BARTH Mauricio , NUNES Rafael , BERGENTHAL Tiago De Souza 
Published: February 2019

RESUMO. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo geral analisar, do ponto de vista imagético, o banner desenvolvido para o filme Warcraft. Em seu arcabouço teórico, a pesquisa utiliza Kotler, Kartajaya e Setiawan (2010), Blackwell, Minniard e Engel (2005), Wheeler (2012), Aaker (2007), entre outros especialistas em suas respectivas áreas. Quanto aos procedimentos metodológicos, entende-se que o trabalho configura-se, quanto à forma de abordagem do problema, como uma Pesquisa Qualitativa. Quanto aos seus objetivos, o mesmo pode ser definido como Descritivo. No que se refere aos procedimentos técnicos, delineia-se como Pesquisa Bibliográfica e Estudo de Caso. Quanto ao método usado para a análise de dados, utilizou-se da Análise de Imagem, seguindo os conceitos criados pela autora francesa Martine Joly (2007). Ao fim do estudo, constata-se que os resultados expressos através da análise manifestam que a imagem da peça publicitária do filme Warcraft consegue exercer a função de engajar, fidelizar e captar novos consumidores, usando símbolos e significados que remetem aos trabalhos intensos feitos pela empresa. Palavras-chave: Warcraft. Banner. Análise da Imagem. ABSTRACT. The objective of the present work is to analyze, from an imagery point of view, the banner developed for the Warcraft movie. In his theoretical framework, the research demonstrates a path of several authors, such as Kotler, Kartajaya and Setiawan (2010), Blackwell, Minniard and Engel (2005), Wheeler (2012), Aaker (2007), among other experts in their respective areas. As for the methodological procedures, it is understood that the work is configured, as to the approach of the problem, as a Qualitative Research. As for your goals, it can be defined as Descriptive. With regard to technical procedures, it is outlined as Bibliographic Research and Case Study. As for the method used for the data analysis, it was used the Image Analysis, following the concepts created by the French author Martine Joly (2007). At the end of the study, the results expressed by the analysis show that the image of the advertisement of the movie Warcraft succeeds in engaging, retaining and attracting new consumers, using symbols and meanings that refer to the intense work done by the company.Keywords: Warcraft. Banner. Image Analysis.
EDITORIAL
Authors: BATISTA Maria de Fátima Barbosa de Mesquita 
Published: February 2019

Editorial do Volume 23 - Ano 42 - Nº 2 (Julho a Dezembro de 2018) da Acta Semiotica et Lingvistica. Editorial of Volume 23 - Year 42 - Nº 2 (July to December 2018) of Acta Semiotica et Lingvistica.Editorial del Volumen 23 - Año 42 - Nº 2 (julio a diciembre de 2018) del Acta Semiotica et Lingvistica.Éditorial du volume 23 - Année 42 - n ° 2 (juillet à décembre 2018) de Acta Semiotica et Lingvistica.
“ZEFA CAFÉ”: A MULHER QUE BORDOU A MINHA HISTÓRIA /“ZEFA COFFEE”: THE WOMAN THAT EMBROIDERED MY STORY
Authors: SOUSA José Wanderley Alves 
Published: February 2019

RESUMO: O presente trabalho toma como base teórica os postulados da Análise de Discurso de Orientação Francesa, a fim de discursivizar as histórias cotidianas que circulam nos discursos de velhos. Busca, especificamente, analisar as estratégias discursivas utilizadas pelos velhos na reconstituição de suas histórias de vida, para entender a interrelação que se estabelece entre discurso, história cotidiana e memória. A partir das lembranças de velhos, pelo viés metodológico da história oral, a pesquisa possibilitou a reconstituição de momentos significativos da história de São José da Lagoa Tapada-PB/BR. Realçou-se, assim, que as lembranças de velhos possibilitam a representação e construção da diversidade cultural e as identidades do povo que se efetivam pelos discursos, a exemplo da história de Dona Zefa Café, uma das colaboradoras da pesquisa. Constatou-se, portanto, neste trabalho, o diálogo que se fia entre discurso, práticas culturais, história cotidiana e memória. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Discurso. História. Memória.ABSTRACT: The present work takes as its theoretical basis the postulates of the Discourse Analysis of French Orientation, in order to discursivizar the everyday stories that circulate in the discourses of old people. It seeks, specifically, to analyze the discursive strategies used by the elders in the reconstitution of their life histories, to understand the interrelationship between discourse, daily history and memory. From the memories of old people, due to the methodological bias of oral history, the research made possible the reconstitution of significant moments in the history of São José da Lagoa Tapada-PB. It was emphasized, therefore, that the memories of old people allow the representation and construction of cultural diversity and the identities of the people that are effected by the speeches, as in the history of Dona Zefa Café, one of the collaborators of the research. Therefore, in this work, we verified the dialogue between discourse, cultural practices, daily history and memory. KEYWORDS: Discourse. Story. Memory
MOTIVAÇÃO DE NOMEAÇÃO DOS HIDRÔNIMOS SINOPENSES / MOTIVATION OF THE SINOPENSES HYDRONYMS NOMINATION
Authors: DIAS Marieta Prata de Lima 
Published: February 2019

Resumo. A nomeação da riqueza hídrica do município de Sinop (MT) justifica o interesse desta pesquisa. Com base nas cartas topográficas atuais e com apoio teórico da Toponímia e da Linguística Cognitiva, buscou-se apreender o processo de interação social e valores culturais marcados neste ato denominativo. Não há atenção à dimensão humana de conceptualização, sem preocupação com o processo de cognição, formação do conceito e nomeação; é como se o conceito existisse antes mesmo de ser designado por um termo. Os hidrônimos foram classificados física e antropologicamente visando à percepção da motivação do homem denominador, seguindo as classificações toponímicas propostas por Dick. Observou-se não ser tão numerosa a tipologia dos acidentes (córrego, ribeirão, cabeceira, rio, lagoa e cachoeira) em comparação à riqueza taxionômica dos sessenta e cinco hidrônimos. Também a significativa presença de antropônimos femininos desvela o modelo metafórico-conceptual de que a riqueza da natureza hídrica amazônica, abstrata e “mágica”, é concretizada em um domínio próximo e familiar – a sublime abundância da bondade feminina. Palavras-chave: Toponímia; hidrônimo; Sinop. Abstract. The nomination of the hydrographic richness of the municipality of Sinop (MT) justifies the interest of this research. Based on current topographic charts and with theoretical support from Toponymy and Cognitive Linguistics, we sought to understand the process of social interaction and cultural values marked in this denominational act. There is no attention to the human dimension of conceptualization, without concern for the process of cognition, concept formation and appointment; it is as if the concept existed before it was even designated by a term. The hydronyms were classified physically and anthropologically aiming at the perception of the motivation of the denominator, following the toponymic classifications proposed by Dick. It was observed that the typology of the accidents (creek, stream, headwater, river, lagoon and waterfall) was not so numerous as the taxonomic richness of the sixty-five hydrographies. Also the significant presence of female anthropomorphs reveals the metaphorical-conceptual model that the wealth of Amazonian, abstract, and "magical" water-nature is embodied in a familiar and familiar domain - the sublime abundance of feminine goodness. Keywords: Toponymy; hydronimide; Sinop.
ACTA SEMIÓTICA ET LINGVISTICA ENTREVISTA A PROFA. DRA. EVANGELINA MARIA BRITO DE FARIA / ACTA SEMIÓTICA ET LINGVISTICA INTERVIEW PROFA. DRA. EVANGELINA MARIA BRITO DE FARIA
Authors: FARIA Evangelina Maria Brito de 
Published: February 2019

Neste número a Acta Semiotica et Lingvistica entrevista a Profa. Dra. Evangelina Maria B. Faria do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Linguística da Universidade Federal da Paraíba. In this issue Acta Semiotica et Lingvistica interviews Profa. Dr. Evangelina Maria B. Faria professor at the Postgraduate Program in Linguistics of the Federal University of Paraíba.
Dairy Product Intake and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in EPIC-InterAct: A Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Vissers Linda E.T. , Sluijs Ivonne , van der Schouw Yvonne T. , Forouhi Nita G. , Imamura Fumiaki , Burgess Stephen , Barricarte Aurelio , Boeing Heiner , Bonet Catalina , Chirlaque Maria-Dolores , Fagherazzi Guy , Franks Paul W. , Freisling Heinz , Gunter Marc J. , Quirós J. Ramón , Ibsen Daniel B. , Kaaks Rudolf , Key Timothy , Khaw Kay T. , Kühn Tilman , Mokoroa Olatz , Nilsson Peter M. , Overvad Kim , Pala Valeria , Palli Domenico , Panico Salvatore , Sacerdote Carlotta , Spijkerman Annemieke M.W. , Tjonneland Anne , Tumino Rosario , Rodríguez-Barranco Miguel , Rolandsson Olov , Riboli Elio , Sharp Stephen J. , Langenberg Claudia , Wareham Nicholas J. 
Published: February 2019

OBJECTIVE
To estimate the causal association between intake of dairy products and incident type 2 diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
The analysis included 21,820 European individuals (9,686 diabetes cases) of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-InterAct case-cohort study. Participants were genotyped, and rs4988235 (LCT-12910C&gt;T), a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) for lactase persistence (LP) that enables digestion of dairy sugar, i.e., lactose, was imputed. Baseline dietary intakes were assessed with diet questionnaires. We investigated the associations between imputed SNP dosage for rs4988235 and intake of dairy products and other foods through linear regression. Mendelian randomization (MR) estimates for the milk-diabetes relationship were obtained through a two-stage least squares regression.

RESULTS
Each additional LP allele was associated with a higher intake of milk (β 17.1 g/day, 95% CI 10.6–23.6) and milk beverages (β 2.8 g/day, 95% CI 1.0–4.5) but not with intake of other dairy products. Other dietary intakes associated with rs4988235 included fruits (β −7.0 g/day, 95% CI −12.4 to −1.7 per additional LP allele), nonalcoholic beverages (β −18.0 g/day, 95% CI −34.4 to −1.6), and wine (β −4.8 g/day, 95% CI −9.1 to −0.6). In instrumental variable analysis, LP-associated milk intake was not associated with diabetes (hazard ratioper 15 g/day 0.99, 95% CI 0.93–1.05).

CONCLUSIONS
rs4988235 was associated with milk intake but not with intake of other dairy products. This MR study does not suggest that milk intake is associated with diabetes, which is consistent with previous observational and genetic associations. LP may be associated with intake of other foods as well, but owing to the modest associations, we consider it unlikely that this caused the observed null result.
Glycemic Variability Is a Powerful Independent Predictive Factor of Midterm Major Adverse Cardiac Events in Patients With Diabetes With Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Gerbaud Edouard , Darier Romain , Montaudon Michel , Beauvieux Marie-Christine , Coffin-Boutreux Christine , Coste Pierre , Douard Hervé , Ouattara Alexandre , Catargi Bogdan 
Published: February 2019

OBJECTIVE
Acute glucose fluctuations are associated with hypoglycemia and are emerging risk factors for cardiovascular outcomes. However, the relationship between glycemic variability (GV) and the occurrence of midterm major cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients with diabetes remains unclear. This study investigated the prognostic value of GV in patients with diabetes and acute coronary syndrome (ACS).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
This study included consecutive patients with diabetes and ACS between January 2015 and November 2016. GV was assessed using SD during initial hospitalization. MACE, including new-onset myocardial infarction, acute heart failure, and cardiac death, were recorded. The predictive effects of GV on patient outcomes were analyzed with respect to baseline characteristics and cardiac status.

RESULTS
A total of 327 patients with diabetes and ACS were enrolled. MACE occurred in 89 patients (27.2%) during a mean follow-up of 16.9 months. During follow-up, 24 patients (7.3%) died of cardiac causes, 35 (10.7%) had new-onset myocardial infarction, and 30 (9.2%) were hospitalized for acute heart failure. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that GV &gt;2.70 mmol/L, a Synergy between PCI with Taxus and Cardiac Surgery (SYNTAX) score &gt;34, and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction of &lt;40% were independent predictors of MACE, with odds ratios (ORs) of 2.21 (95% CI 1.64–2.98; P &lt; 0.001), 1.88 (1.26–2.82; P = 0.002), and 1.71 (1.14–2.54; P = 0.009), respectively, whereas a Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE) risk score &gt;140 was not (OR 1.07 [0.77–1.49]; P = 0.69).

CONCLUSIONS
A GV cutoff value of &gt;2.70 mmol/L was the strongest independent predictive factor for midterm MACE in patients with diabetes and ACS.
Producción de oxígeno en Pinus teocote Schl. et Cham. y Pinus oocarpa Schiede. En la región Montaña del estado de Guerrero, México / Oxygen production of Pinus teocote Schl. et Cham. and Pinus oocarpa Schiede. From the Mountain of Guerrero, Mexico
Authors: Ríos Camey Juan Manuel , Aguirre Calderón Oscar Alberto , López López Bernardo , Calleja Peláez Beatriz 
Published: February 2019

El objetivo de este estudio fue cuantificar la producción de oxígeno de las especies Pinus teocote Schl. et Cham. y Pinus oocarpa Schiede. ubicadas en las áreas forestales de la región de Montaña del estado de Guerrero (México). Para ello, se empleó la ecuación de Schumacher la cual permitió estimar el punto óptimo de producción de oxígeno mediante el cruce del incremento corriente anual (ICA) y el incremento medio anual (IMA). Los resultados muestran que los aumentos en la emisión de oxígeno se pueden predecir adecuadamente a través de la edad, pues se obtuvieron valores de R2 de 0.99 para Pinus teocote Schl. et Cham. y de 0.98 para Pinus oocarpa Schiede. En concreto, se puede indicar que Pinus oocarpa Schiede. produjo 1856 kg O2 arbol-1 a los 71 años, mientras que Pinus teocote Schl. et Cham. solamente emitió 952 kg O2 arbol-1 a los 76 años. Por tal motivo, se puede concluir que la primera especie generó más del doble de oxígeno que la segunda, de ahí que se recomiende su empleo para las plantaciones forestales o reforestaciones de servicios ambientales.
PERSEPSI DAN PENDAPAT MASYARAKAT MENGENAI DAMPAK OPERASIONAL TPA SARIMUKI TERHADAP LINGKUNGAN PERAIRAN SEKITAR
Authors: Mulyatna Lili , Rochaeni Anni , Thariq Eldiansyah 
Published: February 2019

Sampah merupakan hasil sampingan dari berbagai aktifitas dalam kehidupan manusia ataupun sebagai hasil dari suatu proses alamiah yang dapat menimbulkan berbagai pencemaran terhadap lingkungan jika tidak ditangani dengan baik. penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui sejauh mana tingkat pencemaran air tanah disekitar wilayah TPA (Tempat Pemrosesan Akhir) Sarimukti dan melihat indikasi pencemaran di TPA Sarimukti dan pengaruhnya bagi lingkungan di sekitarnya. Pengujian dilakukan terhadap mata air yang lokasinya berdekatan dengan TPA. Tindakan ini diambil untuk melihat kemungkinan adanya pencemaran air oleh lindi. Pengelola TPA berupaya untuk mengencerkan lindi melalui sungai. Pada TPA Sarimukti limbah lindi dibuang ke anak sungai dan dilakukan 2 kali pengenceran yaitu dari Sungai Cipanauwan dan Sungai Cilimus Hasil uji laboratorium dapat terlihat bahwa pengenceran yang dilakukan efektif, karena hasil pemeriksaan sampel dimana pada saat pencampuran Sungai Cipanauwan dan lindi mengalami peningkatan yang sangat tinggi tetapi dengan 2 kali pengenceran terjadi penurunan yang drastis, hal ini dimungkinkan akibat dari proses pemulihan alami. Telah terkontaminasinya sungai di dekat wilayah TPA akibat dari proses pengenceran air lindi. Pencemaran yang terjadi di Sungai Cipanauwan akibat terjadinya pengenceran dan penyaluran air lindi ke anak sungai disekitar TPA. Belum terjadi pencemaran air tanah terhadap sumber air tanah yang digunakan warga akibat aktifitas TPA Sarimukti. Aktifitas warga juga mempengaruhi tingkat coliform yang berada diatas standar dan hal ini dapat dimaklumi karena Kep Men Kes RI No. 907/Menkes/SK/VII/2002 adalah untuk kualitas air minum, tingkat coliform dapat dikurangi dengan memasak air terlebih dahulu sebelum dikonsumsi.
The Effect of Composting Azolla Compost Fertilizer and Humic Material on CO2 Gas Production in Sand Land
Authors: Rosalina Febrianti , Kahar Muhammad Syahrul 
Published: February 2019

his study was an experimental study which aimed to determine the effect of Compost Azolla Fertilizer (KA) and the addition of humic material (H) on the sand soil to the levels of CO2 produced in the respiration process of soil microorganisms (incubation soil conditions). The design used is a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of 9 treatments, namely 300 kg ha-1 urea (U), 4 tons ha-1 KA (T1), 15 liters ha-1 H (T2), 2 tons ha-1 KA + 15 liters ha-1 H (T3), 4 tons ha-1 KA + 15 liters ha-1 H (T4), 6 tons ha-1 KA + 15 liters ha-1 H (T5), 2 tons ha-1 KA + 30 liters ha-1 H (T6), 4 tons ha-1 KA + 30 liters ha-1 H (T7), 6 tons ha-1 KA + 30 liters ha-1 H (T8) and 1 control (K ) without the addition of train and H with 3 replications. Measurement of carbon dioxide (CO2) levels from each sample using gas chromatography equipped with TCD (Thermal Conductivity Detector). The statistical data analysis used was the F test, whereas to see the difference in the effect of each treatment, the BNT test was used. The results showed that Azolla compost fertilizer and humic material on sand soil had an effect on the level of CO2 gas production produced in the soil microorganisms respiration process, where the concentration of Azolla compost fertilizer and humic material which most affected the increase of CO2 gas production in sand soil was treated with the highest concentration of 6 tons ha-1 Azolla + 30 liter compost fertilizer ha-1 H (T8).