bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detonation Characteristics of New Aluminized Enhanced Blast Composites
Authors: Maiz Lotfi , Trzciński Waldemar A. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractInvestigations of the detonation characteristics of new aluminum‐enriched RDX‐based composites belonging to the enhanced blast explosive formulations were undertaken. Firstly, the explosion heat was measured in a calorimetric bomb filled with argon and after the cylinder expansion test was performed. From the cylinder test data the wall velocity, the Gurney energy and the detonation energy of the composites were determined. Then, using simulations, the isentrope exponents of the composite detonation products were estimated and hence the detonation pressures were calculated. Finally the equation of state of the detonation products was determined for each composite from the calorimetric heat and from the cylinder test data. The investigation results are presented and discussed. The effect of the aluminum particle size on the detonation characteristics is also checked. Conclusions about how to use these composite in weapon systems to generate optimal effects are drawn.
Topological Complexity in AdS3/CFT2
Authors: Abt Raimond , Erdmenger Johanna , Hinrichsen Haye , Melby–Thompson Charles M. , Meyer René , Northe Christian , Reyes Ignacio A. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractWe consider subregion complexity within the AdS3/CFT2 correspondence. We rewrite the volume proposal, according to which the complexity of a reduced density matrix is given by the spacetime volume contained inside the associated Ryu‐Takayanagi (RT) surface, in terms of an integral over the curvature. Using the Gauss‐Bonnet theorem we evaluate this quantity for general entangling regions and temperature. In particular, we find that the discontinuity that occurs under a change in the RT surface is given by a fixed topological contribution, independent of the temperature or details of the entangling region. We offer a definition and interpretation of subregion complexity in the context of tensor networks, and show numerically that it reproduces the qualitative features of the holographic computation in the case of a random tensor network using its relation to the Ising model. Finally, we give a prescription for computing subregion complexity directly in CFT using the kinematic space formalism, and use it to reproduce some of our explicit gravity results obtained at zero temperature. We thus obtain a concrete matching of results for subregion complexity between the gravity and tensor network approaches, as well as a CFT prescription.
Nitric oxide fumigation for postharvest pest control on lettuce
Authors: Yang Xiangbing , Liu Yong‐Biao 
Published: June 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe lettuce aphid, Nasonovia ribisnigri, and western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis, are quarantine pests of lettuce in Asian markets and, therefore, require treatments on lettuce exported from USA to Japan and Taiwan, respectively. Nitric oxide (NO) is a newly discovered fumigant for postharvest pest control and has been demonstrated as safe to fresh fruit and vegetables. In this study, small‐scale NO fumigations were conducted to determine effective treatments and large‐scale confirmatory tests were conducted to determine the efficacy against N. ribisnigri and F. occidentalis on commercially packed lettuce. The safety of NO fumigation to postharvest quality of lettuce was also evaluated.RESULTSIn small‐scale experiments, complete control of N. ribisnigri was achieved in 3, 8, and 16 h fumigations with 2.0%, 1.0%, and 0.5% NO, respectively, at 2 °C on both iceberg and romaine lettuce. In a large‐scale experiment, complete control of both N. ribisnigri and F. occidentalis was achieved in a 16 h fumigation with 0.5% NO at 2 °C. The fumigation treatment had no effect on either external or internal postharvest quality of lettuce at 14 days after treatment.CONCLUSIONNitric oxide fumigation was demonstrated to be effective against both N. ribisnigri and F. occidentalis and safe to lettuce quality in large‐scale fumigations of commercially packed lettuce. The study suggests that NO fumigation has the potential to be an alternative treatment to methyl bromide for postharvest pest control on harvested lettuce. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Generalized BayesianDcriterion for single‐stratum and multistratum designs
Authors: Lin Chang‐Yun 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe BayesianDcriterion modifies theD‐optimality approach to reduce dependence of the selected design on an assumed model. This criterion has been applied to select various single‐stratum designs for completely randomized experiments when the number of effects is greater than the sample size. In many industrial experiments, complete randomization is sometimes expensive or infeasible, and hence, designs used for the experiments often have multistratum structures. However, the original BayesianDcriterion was developed under the framework of single‐stratum structures and cannot be applied to select multistratum designs. In this paper, we study how to extend the Bayesian approach for more complicated experiments and develop the generalized BayesianDcriterion, which generalizes the original BayesianDcriterion and can be applied to select single‐stratum and multistratum designs for various experiments when the number of effects is greater than the rank of the model matrix.
Global stabilization of discrete‐time feedforward time‐delay systems by bounded controls
Authors: Yang Xuefei , Zhou Bin 
Published: June 2018

SummaryThis paper studies the problem of global stabilization of a family of discrete‐time feedforward time‐delay systems with bounded controls. Two classes of nonlinear control laws are established based on a special canonical form of the considered system. The proposed control laws use not only the current states but also the delayed states for feedback and, moreover, contain some free parameters. These advantages can help to improve the transient performance of the closed‐loop system significantly. A practical example is given for illustration.
A Comparative Study between Co‐ and CoFe2O4‐NPs Catalytic Activities in Synthesis of Flavone Derivatives; Study of Their Interactions with Estrogen Receptor by Molecular Docking
Authors: Hajipour Abdol R. , Khorsandi Zahra , Fakhari Farzaneh , Mortazavi Maryam , Farrokhpour Hossein 
Published: June 2018

AbstractFlavonols are polyphenolic compounds with diverse pharmacological and biological activities. In this work, a general method for large‐scale synthesis of these biologically important compounds, using available substrates, is reported. The reaction was occurred via Michael‐dehydrogenative reaction using green, inexpensive and highly efficient heterogeneous cobalt catalysts without any ligands and/or additives, the activity of CoFe2O4 and Co‐NPs was studied and compared. These procedures have advantages such as lack of hazardous oxidants, simplicity of work‐up, eco‐friendly of reaction medium, mild reaction conditions and high yield of products. In addition, the binding modes of synthesized compounds to estrogen receptor (ER) was studied by molecular docking and good results was obtained.
Intense Photoluminescence Emission in Eu3+‐ and Dy3+‐ Doped Low‐Band Gap Perovskite Titanate, Na0.5Gd0.5TiO3
Authors: Tiwari Hansnath , Naidu Salla Asiri , Varadaraju Upadhyayula Venkata 
Published: June 2018

AbstractNa0.5Gd0.5‐xRExTiO3 (RE=Eu and Dy) phases with orthorhombic perovskite structure were synthesized by high temperature solid state reaction and the photoluminescence properties were investigated. The phase purity was confirmed by Rietveld refinement of the powder XRD patterns in Pnma space group. The band gap of the host was found to be 3.41 eV from UV/Vis diffuse reflectance spectrum. In the Eu3+ doped phases, the 5D0→7F2 electric dipole (ED) transition is predominant in the emission spectrum of Eu3+, under 397 nm excitation, and is in agreement with the non‐centrosymmetric Cs point group of the EuO8 polyhedron. The critical concentration of the Eu3+ was found to be x=0.075 above which, concentration quenching occurs. Dy3+ doping resulted in intense white light emission under 389 nm excitation.
A Catalyst‐Free Domino Protocol for the Chemoselective Synthesis of Multifunctionalised Pyrroles in Aqueous Media via Nitroketene‐N,S‐Acetal Chemistry
Authors: Chaudhary Ankita , Khurana Jitender M. , Khanna Garima , Saroha Mohit 
Published: June 2018

AbstractA series of novel 5‐(1‐methyl‐5‐(methylthio)‐4‐nitro‐2‐aryl‐1H‐pyrrol‐3‐yl)pyrimidine‐triones was chemoselectively synthesized in excellent yields via catalyst‐free three component domino reactions of arylglyoxal monohydrate, (E)‐N‐methyl‐1‐(methylthio)‐2‐nitroethenamine and 1,3‐dimethyl barbituric acid/ barbituric acid in aqueous media. The prominent features of the established protocol are its environmentally benign nature, avoidance of catalyst, ease of execution, column free separation, short reaction time, excellent yield of product, high atom economy and low E‐factor.
Electrochemically Induced Michael Addition Reaction: An Overview
Authors: Fotouhi Lida , Heravi Majid M. , Zadsirjan Vahideh , Atoi Paria Asadi 
Published: June 2018

AbstractDue to its high potential for the formation of carbon‐carbon bonds, Michael addition reaction is one of the closest reactions to the heart of synthetic organic chemists. Electrochemistry presents a very stimulating and divergent resource for selective oxidation and reduction in organic chemistry, generating activated species, for example radical anions or radical cations. In this review, we try to underscore usefulness of electrogenerated Michael addition reaction with the hope of encouraging synthetic organic chemists to contemplate it, as an efficient and green strategy when it is required in their designed multi‐step reaction pathways.
Intersection of world-lines on curved surfaces and path-ordering of the Wilson loop
Authors: Curry Chris , Mansfield Paul 
Published: June 2018

AbstractWe study contact interactions for long world-lines on a curved surface, focusing on the average number of times two world-lines intersect as a function of their end-points. The result can be used to extend the concept of path-ordering, as employed in the Wilson loop, from a closed curve into the interior of a surface spanning the curve. Taking this surface as a string world-sheet yields a generalisation of the string contact interaction previously used to represent the Abelian Wilson loop as a tensionless string. We also describe a supersymmetric generalisation.
Deflating the “DBS causes personality changes” bubble
Authors: Gilbert Frederic , Viaña J. N. M. , Ineichen C. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe idea that deep brain stimulation (DBS) induces changes to personality, identity, agency, authenticity, autonomy and self (PIAAAS) is so deeply entrenched within neuroethics discourses that it has become an unchallenged narrative. In this article, we critically assess evidence about putative effects of DBS on PIAAAS. We conducted a literature review of more than 1535 articles to investigate the prevalence of scientific evidence regarding these potential DBS-induced changes. While we observed an increase in the number of publications in theoretical neuroethics that mention putative DBS-induced changes to patients’ postoperative PIAAAS, we found a critical lack of primary empirical studies corroborating these claims. Our findings strongly suggest that the theoretical neuroethics debate on putative effects of DBS relies on very limited empirical evidence and is, instead, reliant on unsubstantiated speculative assumptions probablyin lieuof robust evidence. As such, this may reflect the likelihood of a speculative neuroethics bubble that may need to be deflated. Nevertheless, despite the low number of first-hand primary studies and large number of marginal and single case reports, potential postoperative DBS changes experienced by patients remain a critical ethical concern. We recommend further empirical research in order to enhance theoretical neuroethics work in the area. In particular, we call for the development of better instruments capable of capturing potential postoperative variations of PIAAAS.
Phenol Neurolysis for the Management of Shoulder Spasticity in Early Recovery From Traumatic Brain Injury: A Case Report
Authors: Mas Manuel F. , DiTommaso Craig , Li Sheng 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThis case describes a 16‐year‐old boy who suffered a severe traumatic brain injury. The patient gradually recovered but developed debilitating spasticity mainly in left triceps muscle, abnormal positioning of shoulder girdle complex, and shoulder pain. Phenol (6%) was injected to axillary and radial nerves under the guidance of electrical stimulation and ultrasound imaging at 10 weeks after the initial injury. After injection, triceps spasticity and shoulder pain were immediately reduced, and abnormal positions of shoulder girdle complex and elbow joint gradually returned to functional limits over 2 weeks. This case suggests that phenol neurolysis for spasticity management in early recovery could yield functional recovery.Level of Evidence: V
Anxiety and depression in spasmodic dysphonia patients
Authors: Hu Amanda , Hillel Al , Zhao Wei , Meyer Tanya 
Published: June 2018

Objective/HypothesisExperts used to believe that spasmodic dysphonia (SD) was a psychogenic disorder. Although SD is now established as a neurological disorder, the rates of co‐morbid anxiety and depression range from 7.1% to 62%. Our objective was to study the prevalence and risk factors associated with these mood disorders in SD patients.Study designRetrospective.MethodsSD patients who presented for botulinum toxin injections were recruited. Demographic data, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Voice Handicap Index‐10 (VHI‐10), General Self‐Efficacy scale (GSES), Disease Specific Self‐Efficacy in Spasmodic Dysphonia scale (DSSE), and Consensus Auditory Perceptual Evaluation of Voice (CAPE‐V) were collected.ResultsOne hundred and forty two patients (age (59.2 ± 13.6) years, 25.4% male) had VHI‐10 of 26.3 ± 6.9 (mean ± standard deviation), GSES 33.2 ± 5.8, CAPE‐V 43.9 ± 20.9, HADS anxiety 6.7 ± 3.7, and HADS depression 3.6 ± 2.8. About 19 (13.4%) and 4 (2.8%) had symptoms of anxiety and depression respectively. Final linear regression model for HADS anxiety (R2 = 32.90%) showed that patients who were less likely to have anxiety symptoms were older age (p < 0.001), male (p = 0.002), have higher GSES (p < 0.001) and lower VHI‐10 (p = 0.004). Final linear regression model for HADS depression score (R2 = 34.42%) showed that patients who were less likely to have depressive symptoms had high DSSES (p < 0.001).ConclusionsPrevalence of anxiety (13.4%) and depression (2.8%) in SD were lower than previously reported in the literature. Risk factors for anxiety were: younger age, female gender, lower general self‐efficacy, and higher perceived vocal handicap. The main risk factor for depression was lower disease specific self‐efficacy.
How to build a secure API gateway
Authors: Macy Jason 
Published: June 2018

In this era of hyper-connectivity, where almost every app or application relies on communication to a server or database somewhere, it has become harder than ever to secure an organisation's systems, data and business-critical processes. Most of the major technology trends that have shaped IT over the past few decades – such as cloud computing, BYOD, IoT and even social media have resulted in more people and entities connecting to corporate IT assets than ever before. Most of the major technology trends of the past few decades have resulted in ever-greater numbers of connections to corporate IT assets. At the heart of these connections are application programming interfaces (APIs) that underpin almost every interaction or process and these have quickly become a prime target for attackers. Yet despite their growing prominence, they have largely remained the sleeping giant of our technology-led world, attracting too little attention when it comes to security, explains Jason Macy of Forum Systems.
Emergency Organization of Child Psychiatric Care Following the Terrorist Attack on July 14, 2016, in Nice, France
Authors: Chauvelin Lucie , Gindt Morgane , Olliac Bertrand , Robert Philippe , Thümmler Susanne , Askenazy Florence 
Published: June 2018

AbstractIn the actual context of terrorism targeting children and families, it seems essential to describe different experiences of pediatric psychological emergency devices after such unexpected mass trauma. Here we testify our experience of the psychological emergency care setup dedicated to children and families during the first 48 hours after the terrorist attack of Nice, France, on July 14, 2016. Activated within the hour following the attack, the device included two child psychiatry teams turning over each day, receiving at least 163 individuals (99 children and 64 adults) within the first 2 days. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2019;13:144–146)
A CONJECTURE ON -MATRICES OF CLUSTER ALGEBRAS
Authors: CAO PEIGEN , HUANG MIN , LI FANG 
Published: June 2018

For a skew-symmetrizable cluster algebra ${\mathcal{A}}_{t_{0}}$ with principal coefficients at $t_{0}$, we prove that each seed $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6F4}_{t}$ of ${\mathcal{A}}_{t_{0}}$ is uniquely determined by its $C$-matrix, which was proposed by Fomin and Zelevinsky (Compos. Math. 143 (2007), 112–164) as a conjecture. Our proof is based on the fact that the positivity of cluster variables and sign coherence of $c$-vectors hold for ${\mathcal{A}}_{t_{0}}$, which was actually verified in Gross et al. (Canonical bases for cluster algebras, J. Amer. Math. Soc. 31(2) (2018), 497–608). Further discussion is provided in the sign-skew-symmetric case so as to obtain a weak version of the conjecture in this general case.
Effects of different forms of soybean lipids on enteric methane emission, performance and meat quality of feedlot Nellore
Authors: Silva R. A. , Fiorentini G. , Messana J. D. , Lage J. F. , Castagnino P. S. , San Vito E. , Carvalho I. P. C. , Berchielli T. T. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe aim of the current study was to evaluate the effect of different forms of soybean lipids on enteric methane emission, intake, performance, digestibility and meat quality of 40 young Nellore bulls (initial body weight (BW) 444 ± 10.2 kg and 24 ± 2.1 months). The dietary treatments were as follows: NF = no dietary additional fat (46.0 g ether extract (EE)/kg diet), SO = soybean oil (62.0 g EE/kg diet), SB = soy beans (without any processing; 62.0 g EE/kg diet) and RPF = rumen-protected fat based on soybean oil (62.0 g EE/kg diet). The intake of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP) and neutral detergent fibre (NDF) was greater in the SO diet than those fed with NF. The SO diet decreased digestibility of NDF when compared with the NF and RPF diets. The diets did not affect digestibility of DM, OM, CP or emission of enteric methane. Animals fed with SO had greater average daily gain and feed efficiency in relation to the other diets tested. The SO diet increased hot and cold carcass weights and subcutaneous fat thickness of carcasses when compared with the NF diet. The proportions of saturated and unsaturated, mono and polyunsaturated, and n-3 and n-6 fatty acids were not affected significantly by treatments. The SO diets were demonstrated to be more beneficial for animal performance compared with diets without supplemental fat.
High ionisation fraction plasmas in a low temperature, multidipole cusp plasma
Authors: Désangles V. , Milhone J. , Cooper C. , Weisberg D. B. , Nornberg M. D. , Forest C. B. 
Published: June 2018

The depletion of neutral helium atoms has been studied in an unmagnetised spherical plasma created by DC discharge in a multidipole confinement field. Knowing the neutral density profile is critical to predicting the equilibrium flow of such plasmas. A model of the emissivity due to electron-impact excitation of neutral atoms in the plasma has been derived and used to fit radiance measurements of several neutral transitions to extract the radial profile of neutral density for plasmas of varying temperature and density. We report a depletion of the core neutral density varying between negligible levels to 80 % of the edge neutral density depending on the input power and fuelling. The corresponding ionisation fraction varies between 30–80 % in the plasma core. A simple neutral diffusion model is sufficient to describe the shape of neutral density profile implied by the radiance measurements. We have used the measurements to include a drag force due to neutral charge-exchange collisions in simulations of driven plasma flow. The simulation predicts a better fit to Mach probe flow measurements when this neutral drag is accounted for. This work shows that accounting for a realistic neutral profile is important to predict the plasma flow geometry and its magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) stability.
Inuit adaptability to changing environmental conditions over an 11-year period in Ulukhaktok, Northwest Territories
Authors: Fawcett David , Pearce Tristan , Notaina Roland , Ford James D. , Collings Peter 
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACTCurrent understanding of climate change impacts, adaptation and vulnerability among Inuit in the Arctic is relatively static, rooted in the community and time that case studies were conducted. This paper captures the dynamism of Inuit–climate relationships by applying a longitudinal approach to assessing vulnerability to climate change among Inuit in Ulukhaktok, Northwest Territories, Canada. Data were collected in 2005 and 2016 following a consistent methodology and analytical framework. Findings from the studies are analysed comparatively together with longitudinal datasets. The data reveal that many of the climatic changes recorded in 2005 that adversely affected hunting activities have been observed to be persisting or progressing, such as decreasing sea ice thickness and extent, and stronger and more consistent summer winds. Inuit are responding by altering travel routes and equipment, taking greater pre-trip precautions, and concentrating their efforts on more efficient and accessible hunts. Increasing living and subsistence costs and time-constraints, changes in the generation and transmission of environmental knowledge and land skills, and the concentration of country food sharing networks were identified as key constraints to adaptation. The findings indicate that the connections between subsistence activities and the wage economy are central to understanding how Inuit experience and respond to climate change.
PERFORMING LUIGI NONO'S FLUTE MUSIC
Authors: Agi Daniel , Bledsoe Helen 
Published: June 2018

AbstractA performer of Luigi Nono's late works is often faced with crucial questions regarding interpretation and technical details. An important tradition has evolved in performing these works, nevertheless it is not always easy to find the necessary information to play them adequately. This article attempts to answer some of the technical and interpretational questions in the context of Das atmende Klarsein and A Pierre – Dell'Azzurro silenzio, inquietum. Our hope is that it will contribute to the discussion about authenticity and freedom of interpretation and provide flutists with practical information not found in the scores.
RĂDULESCU: THE OTHER SPECTRALIST
Authors: Suckling Martin 
Published: June 2018

AbstractCompared to the central figures of French spectral music, Horaţiu Rădulescu has received relatively little critical attention. Contrasting temperaments, writing styles and surface musical features have led to a tendency to place Rădulescu in opposition to Grisey in particular. In this article I analyse some of Rădulescu's theoretical writing and demonstrate important shared values with the spectral ‘mainstream’. I then examine Das Andere for solo viola, Op. 49 (1983) in detail and compare it to Grisey's solo viola masterpiece, Prologue (1976). In so doing I hope not only to reveal the inner workings of one of Rădulescu's most compelling and approachable pieces, but also to show some common strategies with Grisey, regardless of their radically different aural results.