bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
More‐than‐human planning: the agency of buildings and bodies in the post‐political city
Authors: Cook Nicole 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThrough a comparative study of political activism in Millers Point, Dawes Point, and The Rocks in Sydney from 1971 to 1974 and from 2014 to 2017, this paper examines the more‐than‐human force of bodies and buildings in redemocratising cities. The paper brings theoretical insights from urban assemblage and Deleuzian scholarship into dialogue with post‐political theory. In doing so, it shifts the focus in urban political geography from a concern with diverse social groups to the political potential in more‐than‐human assemblages. Through a re‐reading of Sydney's Green Bans in Millers Point, Dawes Point, and The Rocks, the paper first shows how the withdrawal of labour and stilled building sites comprise informal pathways of planning rejection that centralise social and ecological concerns in decision‐making in urban development. That first case is then contrasted with the contemporary case of privatisation and displacement at the same sites, showing how aged bodies can energise latent deliberative spaces across diverse (if repressed) institutions in liberal democracies. Given the capacities of materials and bodies to produce planning outcomes, the paper conceptualises planning as a more‐than‐human process enhanced by immersion in the experimental materialism of political movements—and this materialism is inherently geographical. The paper concludes with my reflecting on whether the proximity of workers and residents to the materials of the built environment in social movement activism of the 1970s intensified the reach of the event compared with the uncertain struggle over Millers Point today.
New tools for high‐throughput expression of fungal secretory proteins in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Pichia pastoris
Authors: González Mario , Brito Nélida , Hernández‐Bolaños Eduardo , González Celedonio 
Published: October 2018

SummaryHeterologous protein expression in yeast, mostly in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Pichia pastoris, is a well‐established and widely used technique. It typically requires the construction of an expression vector in Escherichia coli containing the foreign gene and its subsequent transformation into yeast. Although simple, this procedure has important limitations for the expression of large numbers of proteins, that is, for the generation of protein libraries. We describe here the development of a novel system for the easy and fast expression of heterologous proteins both in S. cerevisiae and in P. pastoris, under the control of the GAL1 and AOX1 promoters respectively. Expression in S. cerevisiae requires only the transformation of yeast cells with an unpurified PCR product carrying the gene to be expressed, and the expression of the same gene in P. pastoris requires only the isolation of the plasmid generated in S. cerevisiae and its transformation into this second yeast, thus making this system suitable for high‐throughput projects. The system has been tested by the extracellular expression of 30 secretory fungal proteins.
Draft genomes and genomic divergence of two Lepidurus tadpole shrimp species (Crustacea, Branchiopoda, Notostraca)
Authors: Savojardo Castrense , Luchetti Andrea , Martelli Pier Luigi , Casadio Rita , Mantovani Barbara 
Published: October 2018

AbstractCrustaceans of the order Notostraca (Branchiopoda) are distributed worldwide and are known for the remarkable morphological stasis between their extant and Permian fossil species. Moreover, these crustaceans show relevant ecological traits and a wide range of reproductive strategies. However, genomic studies on notostracans are fairly limited. Here, we present the genome sequences of two notostracan taxa, Lepidurus arcticus and Lepidurus apus lubbocki. Taking advantage of the small genome sizes (~0.11 pg) of these taxa, genomes were sequenced for one individual per species with one run on the Illumina HiSeq X platform. We finally assembled 73.2 Mbp (L. arcticus) and 90.3 Mbp (L. apus lubbocki) long genomes. Assemblies cover up to 84% of the estimated genome size, with a gene completeness >97% for both genomes. In total, 13%–16% of the assembled genomes consist of repeats, and based on read mapping, L. apus lubbocki shows a significantly lower transposable element content than L. arcticus. The analysis of 2,376 orthologous genes indicates an ~7% divergence between the two Lepidurus taxa, with a nucleotide substitution rate significantly lower than that of Daphnia taxa. Ka/Ks analysis suggests purifying selection in both branchiopod lineages, raising the question of whether the low substitution rate of Lepidurus is correlated with morphological conservation or is linked to specific biological traits. Our analysis demonstrates that, in these organisms, it is possible to obtain high‐quality draft genomes from single individuals with a relatively low sequencing effort. This result makes Lepidurus and Notostraca interesting models for genomic studies at taxonomic, ecological and evolutionary levels.
Banking privatization and market structure in Brazil: a dynamic structural analysis
Authors: Sanches Fabio , Silva Junior Daniel , Srisuma Sorawoot 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThis article examines the effects of bank privatization on the number of bank branches operating in small isolated markets in Brazil. We estimate a dynamic game played between Brazilian public and private banks. We find private banks compete with each other as expected. We also find public banks generate positive spillovers for private banks. Our counterfactual study shows that privatization substantially reduces the number of banks. The government can mitigate the effects of privatization by providing subsidies to private banks. Our model predicts subsidy policies that reduce operating costs are more cost‐effective than entry costs for isolated markets in Brazil.
Development Unchained: Trade and Industrialization in the Era of International Production
Authors: Kozul‐Wright Richard , Fortunato Piergiuseppe 
Published: October 2018

AbstractFollowing a period of strong growth across all developing regions during the first decade of the millennium and a rapid rebound from the 2008 financial crisis, a combination of falling commodity prices, increasing financial market volatility and weak global demand has negatively affected growth performance in recent years. This growth slowdown has exposed the absence of structural transformation in many developing countries even under robust growth conditions. As a result, increasing attention has turned to the trade and industrialization opportunities offered by participation in global value chains (GVCs). However, while the evidence suggests a positive association between participation in GVCs and increased exports and inward FDI flows, evidence on their supporting structural transformation is weak. This paper discusses strategic approaches to participation in GVCs as part of a broader development agenda. In particular, it focuses on the opportunities offered by regional value chains (RVCs) and South‐South cooperation and examines the role of industrial policy, with reference to the case of Southern Africa.
Emerging opportunities and challenges for passive acoustics in ecological assessment and monitoring
Authors: Gibb Rory , Browning Ella , Glover‐Kapfer Paul , Jones Kate E. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract

High‐throughput environmental sensing technologies are increasingly central to global monitoring of the ecological impacts of human activities. In particular, the recent boom in passive acoustic sensors has provided efficient, noninvasive, and taxonomically broad means to study wildlife populations and communities, and monitor their responses to environmental change. However, until recently, technological costs and constraints have largely confined research in passive acoustic monitoring (PAM) to a handful of taxonomic groups (e.g., bats, cetaceans, birds), often in relatively small‐scale, proof‐of‐concept studies.

The arrival of low‐cost, open‐source sensors is now rapidly expanding access to PAM technologies, making it vital to evaluate where these tools can contribute to broader efforts in ecology and biodiversity research. Here, we synthesise and critically assess the current emerging opportunities and challenges for PAM for ecological assessment and monitoring of both species populations and communities.

We show that terrestrial and marine PAM applications are advancing rapidly, facilitated by emerging sensor hardware, the application of machine learning innovations to automated wildlife call identification, and work towards developing acoustic biodiversity indicators. However, the broader scope of PAM research remains constrained by limited availability of reference sound libraries and open‐source audio processing tools, especially for the tropics, and lack of clarity around the accuracy, transferability and limitations of many analytical methods.

In order to improve possibilities for PAM globally, we emphasise the need for collaborative work to develop standardised survey and analysis protocols, publicly archived sound libraries, multiyear audio datasets, and a more robust theoretical and analytical framework for monitoring vocalising animal communities.
Preliminary evidence of different and clinically meaningful opioid withdrawal phenotypes
Authors: Dunn Kelly E. , Weerts Elise M. , Huhn Andrew S. , Schroeder Jennifer R. , Tompkins David Andrew , Bigelow George E. , Strain Eric C. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractOpioid use disorder (OUD) is a public health crisis. Differences in opioid withdrawal severity that predict treatment outcome could facilitate the process of matching patients to treatments. This is a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial (RCT) that enrolled treatment seeking heroin‐users (N = 89, males = 78) into a residential study. Participants maintained on morphine (30 mg, subcutaneous, four‐times daily) underwent a naloxone (0.4 mg, IM = intramuscular) challenge session to precipitate withdrawal. Area‐under‐the‐curve (AUC) values from self‐reported withdrawal ratings during the challenge session were analyzed using K‐means clustering, revealing two phenotype groups. Withdrawal and retention from the subsequent 14‐day double‐blind, double‐dummy RCT comparing three study medications (clonidine, tramadol‐ER, and buprenorphine) were evaluated as a function of phenotype. Cluster analyses suggested HIGH (N = 37; mean [SD] subjective opiate withdrawal scale [SOWS]–AUC 123.7 [65.8]) and LOW (N = 52; SOWS‐AUC 68.0 [47.7]) withdrawal phenotype groups. HIGH participants were significantly more female and had lower body mass indices than LOW participants; no drug‐use variables were significant. Regarding RCT outcomes, HIGH phenotype participants were less likely to be retained in the study (P = 0.02) and had higher mean self‐reported withdrawal (P = 0.05) than LOW phenotype participants. A significant interaction in RCT retention was observed between phenotype (P = 0.02) and study medication (P < 0.01). Self‐reported withdrawal was significant for phenotype (P = 0.02); study medication trended towards significance (P = 0.07). Results suggest patients have meaningfully different experiences of opioid withdrawal that may predict differential response to opioid pharmacotherapies during supervised withdrawal. Additional prospective research to replicate and more thoroughly evaluate withdrawal phenotype correlates and sex differences is warranted.
An econometric analysis of demand for food quantity and quality in urban China
Authors: Hovhannisyan Vardges , Mendis Sachintha , Bastian Chris 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThis article offers an analytical framework for studying consumer demand for food quality based on a theory‐consistent demand model, namely, the Exact Affine Stone Index specification. Importantly, it accounts for unobserved consumer and regional heterogeneity, and allows for arbitrary Engel curves. The empirical value of our framework is illustrated in an econometric analysis of demand for food quality in China. Evaluating possible structural changes in consumer food expenditures in China is of paramount importance, given the ever‐increasing global role of China and the implications of the structural food preference changes for the global food system. The major findings emerging from this study indicate that income is an important determinant of demand for food quality and quantity with the relatively more affluent provinces having a higher affinity for food quality.
Willingness to contract versus opportunity to contract: a case study in Kenya's French bean export market
Authors: Rosch Stephanie D. , Ortega David L. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractWe characterize systematic differences in willingness and opportunity to contract for farmers in and out of the French bean supply market in Kenya. We find that the factors associated with being a low cost producer do not always align with the factors correlated with opportunity to contract. We also find that farmers in and out of the market differ on average in the premiums they place on buyer reliability, which suggests that imperfect contract enforcement could impact participation in French bean contracting.
Efficacy of interventions led by staff with geriatrics expertise in reducing hospitalisation in nursing home residents: A systematic review
Authors: Santosaputri Elita , Laver Kate , To Timothy 
Published: October 2018

ObjectiveTo determine the efficacy of interventions, delivered by geriatrics‐trained staff for nursing home residents, in reducing hospitalisation.MethodsMultiple databases and clinical trial registers were searched. Studies that provided comparative data and involved residents aged ≥65 years evaluating patient‐level interventions delivered by geriatrics‐trained staff were included. The systematic review protocol was made available on PROSPERO (registration number CRD42017079928; www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO).ResultsSixteen studies were included; six were randomised controlled trials. Studies were categorised according to intervention approaches into the following: (i) hospital prevention program; (ii) emergency department‐based hospital avoidance program; and (iii) post‐hospital supported discharge program. The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) quality of evidence was low to moderate. Most studies demonstrated a favourable trend; however, only a few reported statistically significant reductions in hospitalisations. Results from the randomised studies were non‐significant.ConclusionsDespite the heterogeneity of studies, there is limited evidence that interventions delivered by geriatrics‐trained staff reduce hospitalisations in nursing home residents. Further work examining decision‐making around hospital transfer may help inform future intervention design.
Supraglottic airway devices in difficult airway management: a retrospective cohort study of 658,104 general anaesthetics registered in the Danish Anaesthesia Database
Authors: Thomsen J. L. D. , Nørskov A. K. , Rosenstock C. V. 
Published: October 2018

SummaryIndications for using supraglottic airway devices have widened over time and they now hold a prominent role in guidelines for difficult airway management. We aimed to describe the use of supraglottic airway devices in difficult airway management. We included adult patients undergoing general anaesthesia registered in the Danish Anaesthesia Database from 2008 to 2012 whose airway management had been recorded as difficult, defined as: ≥ 3 tracheal intubation attempts; failed tracheal intubation; or difficult facemask ventilation. In the Danish Anaesthesia Database, a separate difficult airway management module requires the technique used in each successive airway management attempt to be recorded. The primary aim of the study was to describe the use of supraglottic airway devices in cases of difficult airway management. Secondary aims were to examine success rates of supraglottic airway devices in difficult airway management cases, and specifically in the cases of ‘cannot intubate, cannot facemask ventilate’. Difficult airway management occurred in 4898 (0.74% (95%CI 0.72–0.76%)) of 658,104 records of general anaesthesia. Supraglottic airway devices were used or use was attempted in 607 cases of difficult airway management (12.4% (95%CI 11.5–13.3%)), and were successful in 395 (65.1% (95%CI 61.2–68.8%)) cases. In ‘cannot intubate, cannot facemask ventilate’ situations, supraglottic airway devices were used in 86 (18.9% (95%CI 15.6–22.8%)) of 455 records and were successful in 54 (62.8% (95%CI 52.2–72.3%)) cases. We found that supraglottic airway devices are not widely used in the management of the difficult airway despite their prominent role in difficult airway management guidelines.
Treatment of patients with primary retroperitoneal sarcoma: predictors of outcome from an Australian specialist sarcoma centre
Authors: Snow Hayden A. , Hitchen Tatiana X. , Head Jessica , Herschtal Alan , Bae Susie , Chander Sarat , Chu Julie , Hendry Shona , Ngan Samuel Y. , Desai Jayesh , Choong Peter F. M. , Henderson Michael , Gyorki David E. 
Published: October 2018

BackgroundSeveral unanswered questions surround the management of retroperitoneal sarcoma (RPS). Guidelines recommend treatment by a multidisciplinary team at a specialized referral centre. The objective of this study was to describe the management of RPS at an Australian specialist sarcoma centre, comparing outcomes to international standards and analysing for predictors of local failure.MethodsA retrospective review of a prospectively maintained database was performed on patients with RPS treated between 2008 and 2016. A 5‐year outcome analyses focussed on patients undergoing curative‐intent surgery for primary, non‐metastatic RPS.ResultsEighty‐eight patients underwent surgery for primary RPS. Five‐year overall survival was 66%, 5‐year freedom from local recurrence was 65% and 5‐year freedom from distant metastasis was 71%. Overall survival was associated with tumour grade (hazard ratio (HR) 6.1, P < 0.001) and histologic organ invasion (HR 5.7, P < 0.001). Variables associated with improved freedom from local recurrence were macroscopically complete resection (HR 0.14, P < 0.001) and neoadjuvant radiotherapy (HR 0.33, P = 0.014). Treatment at a specialist sarcoma centre was associated with a higher rate of preoperative biopsy and neoadjuvant radiotherapy (both with P < 0.001). There was a trend towards improved local control for patients undergoing surgery at a specialist centre (P = 0.055).ConclusionThis is the largest Australian series of RPS and outcomes are comparable to major international sarcoma centres. Patients treated at a specialist centre had higher rates of preoperative diagnosis and tailored therapy which was associated with improved outcomes. Patients with suspected RPS should be referred to a specialist centre for optimal preoperative evaluation and multidisciplinary management.
Long‐term neurotoxicity and Raynaud's phenomenon in patients treated with cisplatin‐based chemotherapy for malignant ovarian germ cell tumor
Authors: Solheim Olesya , Skalleberg Jacob , Warncke Torhild , Ørstavik Kristin , Tropé Claes , Fosså Sophie D. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractIntroductionThe aim was to evaluate “overall neuropathy”, defined as peripheral paresthesia and Raynaud's phenomenon, in long‐term survivors of malignant ovarian germ cell tumors (MOGCTs) treated with cisplatin‐based chemotherapy (CBCT).Material and methodsNinety‐three MOGCT survivors recorded in Norway in 1980‐2009 (median follow up: 15 years) were included in this analysis. Forty‐nine received CBCT (CBCT group) and 44 received other or no chemotherapy (non‐CBCT group). Applying the scale for chemotherapy‐induced neurotoxicity, the prevalence of overall neuropathy (ie score >1 on a 0‐3 scale) was compared between the two groups. Forty women from the CBCT group also underwent neurophysiological and neurological examinations; results from the neurological examination were graded according to the National Cancer Institute‐Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Effects version 4 (NCI‐CTCAE scale v4). These women were then categorized into subgroups of low (≤3 cycles of CBCT, n = 23) and high CBCT (≥4 cycles of CBCT, n = 17).ResultsTwenty‐eight (57%) women from the CBCT group reported overall neuropathy, compared with 20 (45%) in the non‐CBCT group (P = .06). Of the 40 MOGCT survivors in the CBCT group who underwent neurophysiological and neurological examinations, 14 (35%) showed NCI‐CTCAE grade ≥1 signs or symptoms of peripheral neuropathy. Pathological findings of NCI‐CTCAE grade 2 or 3 signs or symptoms were found in four survivors (10%) from the high CBCT subgroup, all of whom also showed objective signs of neuropathy.ConclusionsThough about half of our MOGCT survivors reported overall neuropathy after CBCT, more severe pathological neurological/neurophysiological findings that impacted daily living were recorded in only 10% of them. Our observations of a similar prevalence of self‐reported overall neuropathy in the CBCT and non‐CBCT group, combined with limited objective neurological findings, warrant further study to increase the understanding of the specific pathophysiological pathways of long‐term CBCT‐induced neuropathy.
Bone Marrow Stem Cells‐Seeded Polyethylene Terephthalate Scaffold in Repair and Regeneration of Rabbit Achilles Tendon
Authors: Cai Jiangyu , Yang Yimeng , Ai Chengchong , Jin Wenhe , Sheng Dandan , Chen Jun , Chen Shiyi 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs)‐seeded polyethylene terephthalate (PET) scaffold for Achilles tendon repair in a rabbit model. The allogeneic BMSCs were seeded onto the PET scaffold and cultured in vitro for 14 days. Sixteen mature New Zealand rabbits underwent surgery to establish a 2‐cm Achilles tendon defect model. The BMSCs‐seeded PET scaffold was implanted into the defect of one limb (BMSCs‐PET group), while the PET scaffold without BMSCs was implanted into the defect of contralateral limb as the control (PET group). All rabbits were sacrificed at 6 and 12 weeks after surgery. At 12 weeks after surgery, macroscopic and histological results showed formation of tendon‐like tissues, and the structure was more mature in the BMSCs‐PET group. Immunohistochemical analysis and real‐time polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) demonstrated that the collagen I and collagen III were significantly higher in the BMSCs‐PET group compared with those in the PET group. Mechanically, both the failure load and the average stiffness were significantly higher in the BMSCs‐PET group than those in the PET group. In conclusion, BMSCs‐seeded PET scaffold could effectively facilitate the healing process after being implanted in a rabbit Achilles tendon defect model.