bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis for Butterworth Filter Using Compact VDTA Based on Sallen- Key Topology
Authors: Li Yong-An 
Published: October 2019

Background:
The original filter including grounded or virtual ground capacitors can be
synthesized by using the NAM expansion. However, so far the filters including floating capacitor,
such as Sallen-Key filter, have not been synthesized by means of the NAM expansion. This is a
problem to be researched further.

Methods:
By using the adjoint network theory, the Sallen-Key filter including floating capacitor
first is turned into a current-mode one, which includes a grounded capacitor and a virtual ground
capacitor. Then the node admittance matrix, after derived, is extended by using NAM expansion.

Results:
At last, one VDTA Sallen-Key filter is received. It employs single compact VDTA and two
grounded capacitors.

Conclusion:
A Butterworth VDTA second-order frequency filter based on Sallen-Key topology
with fo = 100kHz, HLP = -HBP=1, is designed.
User Power Behavior Similarity Clustering Based on Unsupervised Extreme Learning Machine Algorithm
Authors: Li Yuancheng , Cui Yaqi , Zhang Xiaolong 
Published: October 2019

Background:
Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI) for the smart grid is growing rapidly
which results in the exponential growth of data collected and transmitted in the device. By clustering
this data, it can give the electricity company a better understanding of the personalized and
differentiated needs of the user.

Objective:
The existing clustering algorithms for processing data generally have some problems,
such as insufficient data utilization, high computational complexity and low accuracy of behavior
recognition.

Methods:
In order to improve the clustering accuracy, this paper proposes a new clustering method
based on the electrical behavior of the user. Starting with the analysis of user load characteristics,
the user electricity data samples were constructed. The daily load characteristic curve was extracted
through improved extreme learning machine clustering algorithm and effective index criteria.
Moreover, clustering analysis was carried out for different users from industrial areas, commercial
areas and residential areas. The improved extreme learning machine algorithm, also called Unsupervised
Extreme Learning Machine (US-ELM), is an extension and improvement of the original Extreme
Learning Machine (ELM), which realizes the unsupervised clustering task on the basis of the
original ELM.

Results:
Four different data sets have been experimented and compared with other commonly used
clustering algorithms by MATLAB programming. The experimental results show that the US-ELM
algorithm has higher accuracy in processing power data.

Conclusion:
The unsupervised ELM algorithm can greatly reduce the time consumption and improve
the effectiveness of clustering.
Use of Smartphone-Based Video Directly Observed Therapy (vDOT) in Tuberculosis Care: Single-Arm, Prospective Feasibility Study
Authors: Holzman Samuel B , Atre Sachin , Sahasrabudhe Tushar , Ambike Sunil , Jagtap Deepak , Sayyad Yakub , Kakrani Arjun Lal , Gupta Amita , Mave Vidya , Shah Maunank 
Published: October 2019

Background
India accounts for nearly one-quarter of the global tuberculosis (TB) burden. Directly observed treatment (DOT) through in-person observation is recommended in India, although implementation has been heterogeneous due largely to resource limitations. Video DOT (vDOT) is a novel, smartphone-based approach that allows for remote treatment monitoring through patient-recorded videos. Prior studies in high-income, low disease burden settings, such as the United States, have shown vDOT to be feasible, although little is known about the role it may play in resource-limited, high-burden settings.

Objective
The goal of the research was to assess the feasibility and acceptability of vDOT for adherence monitoring within a resource-limited, high TB burden setting of India.

Methods
We conducted a prospective, single-arm, pilot implementation of vDOT in Pune, India. Outcome measures included adherence (proportion of prescribed doses observed by video) and verifiable fraction (proportion of prescribed doses observed by video or verbally confirmed with the patient following an incomplete/unverifiable video submission). vDOT acceptability among patients was assessed using a posttreatment survey.

Results
A total of 25 patients enrolled. The median number of weeks on vDOT was 13 (interquartile range [IQR] 11-16). Median adherence was 74% (IQR 62%-84%), and median verifiable fraction was 86% (IQR 74%-98%). More than 90% of patients reported recording and uploading videos without difficulty.

Conclusions
We have demonstrated that vDOT may be a feasible and acceptable approach to TB treatment monitoring in India. Our work expands the evidence base around vDOT by being one of the first efforts to evaluate vDOT within a resource-limited, high TB burden setting. To our knowledge, this is the first reported use of vDOT in India.
The Preferences of Patients With Cancer Regarding Apps to Help Meet Their Illness-Related Information Needs: Qualitative Interview Study
Authors: Richards Rebecca , Kinnersley Paul , Brain Kate , Staffurth John , Wood Fiona 
Published: October 2019

Background
The shift from inpatient to outpatient and community cancer care means that more patients with cancer need to manage their condition at home, without the direct supervision of their clinician. Subsequently, research has reported that many patients with cancer have unmet information needs during their illness. Mobile devices, such as mobile phones and tablet computers, provide an opportunity to deliver information to patients remotely. Before designing an app intervention to help patients with cancer to meet their information needs, in-depth qualitative research is required to gain an understanding of the views of the target users.

Objective
We aimed to develop an app intervention to help patients meet their illness-related information needs in noninpatient settings. This study explored the information needs of patients with cancer and their preferences for an app and desired app features. Specifically, the perceived acceptability of an app, desired app features, and the potential benefits and disadvantages of, and barriers to, an app were explored.

Methods
Qualitative, one-on-one semistructured interviews were conducted with patients with urological, colorectal, breast, or gynecological cancers (N=23) across two hospitals in South Wales. Interviews were audio-taped, transcribed, and analyzed using a thematic analysis.

Results
Findings indicated that barriers to information exchange and understanding in consultations, and identification of reliable information sources between consultations, appeared to contribute to patients’ unmet information needs. Consequently, app feature suggestions included a question prompt list, a glossary of cancer terms, a resources feature, and a contacts feature. Anticipated benefits of this type of app included a more informed patient, improved quality of life, decreased anxiety, and increased confidence to participate in their care. The anticipated barriers to app use are likely to be temporary or can be minimized with regard to these findings during app development and implementation.

Conclusions
This study highlights the desire of patients with cancer for an app intervention to help them meet their information needs during and between consultations with their clinicians. This study also highlights the anticipated acceptability and benefits of this type of intervention; however, further research is warranted.
A Smartphone App for Improving Clinical Photography in Emergency Departments: Comparative Study
Authors: Liu Chung-Hsien , Lin I-Chun , Lu Jui-Jen , Cai Dengchuan 
Published: October 2019

Background
Digital photography is crucial for electronic medical records (EMRs), particularly for documenting dermatological diseases and traumatic wounds. In modern emergency departments (EDs), digital cameras are commonly used for photography, but the process is time-consuming. The problems of addressing patient privacy issues and that of interruptions and heavy workloads can cause archival errors when uploading photos. However, smartphones are widely available and cheap, so with a suitable app many errors could be mitigated.

Objective
The aim of this study is to design and test a smartphone app to improve the efficiency of clinical photography and improve patient privacy in the ED. The app is connected to the hospital information system to verify patient identification and enable archiving, and the app can automatically delete images after upload to the patient’s EMR.

Methods
This study enrolled 48 experienced ED nurses trained in clinical photography. Each nurse was first assigned a digital camera for photography and then a smartphone with the app preinstalled after it was launched. The time taken to upload images to a patient’s EMR was then recorded and the efficiency of the digital camera and app groups were compared.

Results
The average time taken to upload images to a patient’s EMR for the camera and app groups were 96.3 s (SD 19.3; P<.001) and 26.3 s (SD 4.7; P<.001), respectively.

Conclusions
The app effectively reduced processing time and improved clinical photography efficiency in the ED. Some issues of patient privacy in the camera group were revealed and resolved in the app group.
Amputees’ Attitudes Toward Participation in Amputee Support Groups and the Role of Virtual Technology in Supporting Amputees: Survey Study
Authors: Nathan Edward P , Winkler Sandra L 
Published: October 2019

Background
Acquiring information about and living with an amputation (or limb differential) is a lifelong endeavor. Although medical institutions address the immediate medical needs of amputees, information regarding how to live life as an amputee is provided from numerous sources, one of which is amputee support groups.

Objective
This study aimed at understanding why amputees join support groups, leave support groups, and possibly return to support groups as well as how technology, specifically virtual reality, might play a role in supporting patients’ needs. The results are intended to provide data for support groups, to increase their impact on amputee participants.

Methods
A 38-item online survey was developed based on the findings of a previous randomized trial. The survey was administered between April and September 2018 and divided into four sections: Demographics, Limb Loss History, Amputee Support Group Participation, and Technology Usage. Items used multiple-choice, drop-down menu, check-box formats with explanation boxes for open-ended responses. Descriptive analyses were performed for both qualitative (open-ended questions) and quantitative data.

Results
Of the 59 amputees enrolled, 54 completed the survey. All the respondents were aged 20-39 years, and nearly half of the older respondents thought audio and video teleconferencing or avatar-based technology would increase participation in support groups. The results suggest that an early goal for amputees who join support groups is to focus on regaining mobility and functionality in order to return to their normal life. Once achieved, the goal transitions to one of social connection with other amputees, although there is a caveat: Simply being an amputee may not provide sufficient connections for developing long-term social relationships. The strongest reason for joining a support group was to learn about living with an amputation, followed by networking and learning new skills.

Conclusions
The results suggest four key takeaways regarding amputee participation in support groups: (1) the needs of participants in amputee support groups change over time; (2) meeting content needs to be relevant to agendas primarily driven by participants; (3) support group participation is also driven by the desire to increase functionality by developing skills, become familiar with prosthetic technology, have more than amputation in common with other participants, and participate at the designated meeting time and location; and (4) the use of technology should support patients’ needs.
What Are the Characteristics of Fourth-Year Medical Students With Higher Levels of Resilience?
Authors: Park Sey , Porter Maribeth , Park Ki , Bielick Lauren , Rooks Benjamin J. , Mainous Arch G. , Datta Susmita , Carek Peter J. 
Published: October 2019

Introduction: Burnout during medical training, including medical school, has gained attention in recent years. Resiliency may be an important characteristic for medical students to have or obtain. The aim of this study was to examine the level of resiliency in fourth-year medical students and whether certain characteristics were associated with students who have higher levels of resiliency.
Methods: Subjects were fourth-year medical students who completed a survey during a required end-of-year rotation. The survey collected subjects’ demographic information including age, gender, race, ethnicity, marital status, and chosen specialty. They were also asked to complete the Brief Resilience Scale (BRS) and answer questions that assessed personal characteristics.
Results: The response rate was 92.4%. Most respondents had personal time for themselves after school (92.6%), exercise or participate in physical activity for at least 30 minutes most days of the week (67.2%), were able to stop thinking about medical school after leaving for the day (58.2%), and had current financial stress (51.6%). No differences were noted in demographic information among students across specialty categories. A higher BRS score was associated with being male and having the ability to stop thinking about school.
Conclusions: BRS scores in medical students are associated with specific demographic characteristics and the ability to stop thinking about school. Addressing the modifiable activities may assist students with increasing their resiliency and potentially decreasing their risk of burnout.
Macunaíma: diálogo com o romantismo a partir da paródia de Peri
Authors: Pereira Maria Júlia 
Published: October 2019

Macunaíma: o herói sem nenhum caráter (1928), de Mário de Andrade, é o romance-rapsódia que versa sobre a trajetória de um herói baseado nas lendas indígenas amazônicas e apresentado como autenticamente brasileiro. A paródia se faz presente como intenção em diversas cenas da obra. Todavia, neste trabalho, será tratada a paródia enquanto deformação e transformação (ou imitação) com distanciamento crítico da figura do herói romântico indianista idealizado, que a personagem Peri, de O Guarani (1857), de José de Alencar, encarna. Palavras-chave: Macunaíma. Peri. Herói. Paródia.
Bank Capital and Loan Monitoring
Authors: Bhat Gauri , Desai Hemang A. 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT
This paper empirically examines the association between bank capital and banks' monitoring effort. We use four proxies to measure the unobservable monitoring effort. Two of the proxies are based on loan quality (ex post outcomes of monitoring effort). The other two proxies are based on salary expense (ex ante proxies intended to capture the quality and quantity of labor input into monitoring effort). Using a bank and time fixed effects estimation, we find a positive association between bank capital and each of our measures of monitoring effort. We find that this association is more pronounced for smaller banks and banks that engage in higher levels of relationship lending. Numerous additional tests and robustness checks, including matched sample analysis and instrumental variable approach to address endogeneity, confirm our main findings. Overall, our evidence is consistent with the prediction in Mehran and Thakor (2011) that banks that keep higher capital monitor more.
JEL Classifications: G21; G32; M41.
Finite Element Analyzing of the Effect of Crack on Mechanical Behavior of Honeycomb and Re-entrant Structures
Authors: ERGENE Berkay , YALÇIN Bekir 
Published: October 2019

Developments in
technology require the new materials, lighter and more efficient structures and
also new manufacturing methods. In this study, after doing researches about
topology optimization, regular honeycomb and re-entrant structures; the regular
honeycomb and re-entrant structures were designed, and then Ti-6Al-4V material
was chosen for these structures in finite element (FE) analyzing. The three
different rib thickness values (t) of 1 mm, 1.5 mm and 2 mm were assigned for
honeycomb and re-entrant structures in FE analyses. Also, the crack was created
on the models, and then 2-D FE analyses were done for both cracked and
un-cracked honeycomb and re-entrant structures under tensile forces through y
axis. Afterwards, the effect of crack on stress intensity factor, stresses,
strains and displacement were obtained and characterized the auxetic behavior
of the regular honeycomb and re-entrant structures. Furthermore, increase in
rib thickness decreases stress and strains for each structure. Moreover, re-entrant
structures have negative Poisson’s ratio due to their geometric properties and
the notable effect of crack on the equivalent stress in re-entrant was emerged
in comparison with honeycomb structure.
As a result, the only possible fracture in honeycomb for thickness of 1
mm might be observed owing to stress intensity factor obtained from analyses
bigger than fracture toughness of honeycomb structure.
Finite element modeling method of centrifugal rotary processing
Authors: Soloviev A. N. , Tamarkin M. A. , Tho Nguyen Van 
Published: October 2019

Introduction. In modern production, when performing finishing operations, centrifugal rotary processing in the medium of abrasive plays an important role. High productivity, low costs and extensive technological capabilities are the main advantages of these cleaning and finishing operations. This paper considers the process of abrasive particle – workpiece surface interaction within the framework of the static contact problem of the elasticity theory. Thus, plastic deformation in the contact area comes into account.Materials and Methods. The abrasive particle (corundum) is simulated with a linearly elastic body, whose Young's modulus is significantly larger than that of the work material. The process material (steel) is simulated with an elastoplastic bilinear body using the von Mises yield criterion.Research Results. Finite element modeling of the structures under consideration was performed in the ANSYS CAE package. The process of abrasive particle – workpiece surface interaction was simulated; its stress-strain state was analyzed. The results of numerical experiments are presented. They have determined how equivalent plastic strains are distributed at depths of the cone penetration of 0.01 mm and 0.05 mm. The data obtained, as well as the areas of plastic strain values of more than 1%, are visualized in the ANSYS CAE package.Discussion and Conclusions. It is established that the equivalent plastic deformation is proportional to the depth of penetration (DP). It reaches a minimum value of 0.158 at DP = 0.01 mm, and a maximum of 0.825 at DP = 0.05 mm. The dependences of the plastic region sizes on DP are determined for cases when the plastic deformation exceeds 1%. At the maximum penetration (0.05 mm), the deformation radius is 1 mm, and the depth is 0.8 mm. On the basis of the data obtained as a result of the conducted research, the parameters of the technological process (rotational speed, size of the abrasive surface, mass of abrasive particles) that affect the workpiece – abrasive particle interaction can be selected. A judicious choice of these parameters will increase the processing efficiency
Theoretical background of hydraulic drive control system analysis for testing piston hydraulic cylinders
Authors: Rybak A. T. , Tsybriy I. K. , Nosachev S. V. , Zenin A. R. 
Published: October 2019

Introduction. The durability and performance of hydraulic machines is determined through life tests. At that, various braking devices (mechanical, electric, hydraulic, etc.) are used for strength loading of the hydraulic motor, as a result of which a significant amount of energy is lost. This can be avoided if the method of rotational motion with energy recovery is used during life tests. This approach is applicable for hydraulic pumps, motors, and hydraulic cylinders.Materials and Methods. A test bench is presented, the design of which provides recreation of the conditions most appropriate for the field operation of hydraulic cylinders. In this case, energy recovery is possible. To solve the research problems, methods of mathematical modeling were used, the basic functional parameters of the proposed design were calculated. The determination of the pressure increment at various points in the hydraulic system is based on the theory of volumetric rigidity. When modeling the motion of the moving elements of the bench hydraulic system, the laws of rotor motion are used.Research Results. In the structure of the test bench, the cylinders in question are located in the pressure main between the hydraulic pump and the hydraulic motor. This enables to significantly reduce the bench itself and to save a significant amount of energy due to its recovery. A basic hydraulic diagram of the test bench for piston hydraulic cylinders is presented, in which the operation of the moving elements of the system is shown. A mathematical modeling of the hydraulic system of the bench is performed. A kinematic diagram of the mechanism for transmitting motion between test cylinders is shown.Discussion and Conclusions. The system of equations presented in the paper shows how the increment of pressure at the selected nodal points of the energy recovery system is determined (in particular, how the increment depends on time, reduced coefficient of volumetric rigidity, operating fluid consumption, and piston areas). The velocities of the hydraulic pistons are determined according to the kinematic scheme of the mechanical transmission of the bench. Thus it can be argued that, thanks to the solution presented in the paper, the life test results of hydraulic cylinders will adequately reflect their operation under rated duties.
Selection rationale for leakage monitoring in gas pipeline
Authors: Lebed A. D. , Glushko S. P. 
Published: October 2019

Introduction. Efficient leak detection methods and gas flow metering are analyzed. The work objective is to select an automatic system of methods providing the improvement of the quality of leakage monitoring and gas flow metering in gas pipelines.Materials and Methods. The following techniques for detecting gas leakage in the pipeline are considered: according to the pressure profile, volume balance method, acoustic emission method, variable-pressure drop method on the forcing device, ultrasonic method.Research Results. The analysis shows that all techniques for monitoring leakage and gas flow are dependent on the environmental parameters. Therefore, an important task is to achieve independence of the measurement results from changes in the environmental parameters. In most flow meters, changes in density, pressure and temperature affect drastically the measurement results. An additional error that arises in this case can reach large values.