bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrative Review of Recruitment of Research Participants Through Facebook
Authors: Reagan Louise , Nowlin Sarah Y. , Birdsall Stacia B. , Gabbay Juliana , Vorderstrasse Allison , Johnson Constance , D’Eramo Melkus Gail 
Published: August 2019

Background
Facebook (FB) has been widely used recently to recruit participants for adult health research. However, little is known about its effectiveness, cost, and the characteristics of participants recruited via FB when compared to other recruitment methods.

Objectives
The purpose of this integrative review was to examine the published evidence concerning the use of FB in participant recruitment for adult health research, as compared to other social media, online, and traditional recruitment methods.

Methods
In this integrative review, we used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. PubMed, CINAHL, SCOPUS, and Web of Science were the electronic databases used to identify the published articles. In regard to language, the search was limited.

Results
The efficacy and cost-effectiveness of using FB for recruitment in healthcare research as compared to more traditional forms of recruitment remain unclear. Reporting of recruitment strategies is inconsistent, and costs are often not included. FB is being used for recruitment frequently with other methods and, although often effective, can be costly.

Discussion
FB is used to recruit participants for a variety of studies, with researchers using both free and paid ads to reach potential participants. Reporting of recruitment methods needs to be more rigorous, streamlined, and standardized in scientific papers.
The Visualization of a Foreign Body in a Patient's Subglottic Region Using Point-of-Care Ultrasonography
Authors: Kozaci Nalan , Avci Mustafa , Ayhan Gul , Ozgunlu Gurhan Sinan , Selvi Fatih 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Point-of-care ultrasonography is a real-time dynamic examination that is useful for evaluating the location of foreign bodies in a patient's gastrointestinal tract and soft tissue. In particular, it is useful for identifying radiolucent foreign bodies that are difficult to visualize using routine x-ray examinations. This case study describes the visualization of a radiolucent foreign body in a patient's subglottic region using point-of-care ultrasonography.
Publish or Perish
Authors: Bateman Emma A. , Teasell Robert 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Research training equips residents with the skills to consume and produce research evidence and deliver evidence-based care. Within Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, studies have historically demonstrated low rates of resident research productivity. Although Canadian residency requirements mandate research participation, little is known about Canadian residents’ research productivity. Using standard systematic review search strategies, we evaluated the rate and type of peer-reviewed publications produced by resident physicians during postgraduate medical training for a historic cohort of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation residents who successfully passed the Canadian Royal College Fellowship examination in 2015, 2016, and 2017 (N = 74). Resident physicians produced 62 peer-reviewed publications during the study period. A total of 43.2% of resident physicians produced at least one such publication and 20.3% produced more than one. The resident physician was the first author for 51.6% of publications. Reviews were the most frequent publication type (19.4%), followed by observational studies (16.1%) and case reports (16.1%). Musculoskeletal conditions (11.3%) and stroke (9.7%) were the most frequent areas of study. Most publications were in nonrehabilitation journals. These findings demonstrate modest research productivity despite mandatory research participation; although research productivity is higher than in previous cohorts, publications of convenience, such as reviews and case reports, are similarly frequent.
Comparing Arterial- and Venous-Phase Acquisition for Optimization of Virtual Noncontrast Images From Dual-Energy Computed Tomography Angiography
Authors: Lehti Leena , Söderberg Marcus , Höglund Peter , Wassélius Johan 
Published: August 2019

Background
Follow-up with computed tomographic angiography is recommended after endovascular aneurysm repair, exposing patients to significant levels of radiation and iodine contrast medium. Dual-energy computed tomography allows virtual noncontrast (VNC) images to be reconstructed from contrast-enhanced images using a software algorithm. If the VNC images are a good-enough approximation of true noncontrast (TNC) images, a reduction in radiation dose can be ensured through omitting a TNC scan.

Purpose
To compare image quality of VNC images reconstructed from arterial phase and venous phase dual-energy computed tomographic angiography to TNC images and to assess which one is more suitable to replace TNC images.

Methods
Sixty-three consecutive patients were examined using a dual-energy computed tomography as elective follow-up after endovascular aneurysm repair. The examination protocol included 1 unenhanced and 2 contrast-enhanced scans (80 kV/Sn140 kV) of the aorta. Virtual noncontrast data sets were reconstructed from the arterial (A-VNC) and venous (V-VNC) phase scans, respectively. Mean attenuation and image noise were measured for TNC, A-VNC, and V-VNC images within regions of interest at 2 levels in the aorta, the liver, retroperitoneal fat, and psoas muscle. Subjective image quality was assessed on a 4-point scale by 2 blinded readers.

Results
The differences between A-VNC and TNC, and between A-VNC and V-VNC, were substantial aorta at the level of diaphragm and aorta at the level of renal arteries. The difference between V-VNC and TNC was, on the other hand, very small and not statistically significant for the renal artery aorta. For liver, fat, and muscle tissue, there were significant differences between both A-VNC and V-VNC compared with TNC, but findings were similar between A-VNC and V-VNC.

Conclusions
Virtual noncontrast images based on venous-phase scans appear to be a more accurate representation of TNC scans than VNC images based on arterial-phase scans.
Comparison of Perioperative Outcomes of Autologous Bladder Neck Fascial Slings Based on Fascial Harvest Site: A Secondary Analysis of the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program Database
Authors: Cardenas-Trowers Olivia O. , Stewart Ryan , Meriwether Kate V. , Francis Sean , Gupta Ankita 
Published: August 2019

Objectives
The objective of this study was to compare perioperative outcomes of autologous bladder neck fascial slings (ABNFS) between rectus fascia and fascia lata harvest sites.

Methods
We analyzed women undergoing ABNFS in the 2006 to 2015 American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database, separating rectus fascia and fascia lata harvest sites by Current Procedural Terminology codes. We compared the 2 harvest sites for perioperative outcomes within 30 days including adverse events, readmission, and reoperation as well as operative time and length of hospital stay. The primary outcome was a composite of postoperative adverse events, readmission, and reoperation. A multivariable logistic regression model was used incorporating race, smoking status, surgical specialty, anesthesia class, concurrent procedures, body mass index, operating time, and length of hospital stay.

Results
A total of 161 women in the database underwent ABNFS: 126 (78.3%) rectus fascia and 35 (21.7%) fascia lata harvest. Patients undergoing rectus fascial harvest were more likely to be white (140 [90.5%] rectus vs 26 [74.3%] fascia lata, P=0.02) and more likely to have ABNFS by a urologist (117 [93%] rectus vs 23 [66%] fascia lata, P < 0.01). There were no significant differences in operative time, length of stay, rate of reoperation, nonserious or serious adverse events, or readmission between the 2 harvest site groups. The 2 harvest sites had similar composite morbidity (adjusted odds ratio of 0.88 for rectus fascia; 95% confidence interval, 0.21–3.75; P=0.87).

Conclusions
Rectus fascia and fascia lata harvest for ABNFS have similar perioperative outcomes.
Seismic damage to ancient monuments in Chiang Saen (Northern Thailand): implication for historical earthquakes in Golden Triangle area
Authors: Ornthammarath Teraphan 
Published: August 2019

Over the last few decades, three moderate earthquakes (Mw greater than 6.0) occurred in and around the Golden Triangle area (including Myanmar, Thailand and Lao PDR) causing unprecedented damage and loss of lives in the epicentral region. In addition to the damage to modern structures, most heritage structures in Chiang Saen, a major city of the Lan Na kingdom (from the thirteenth to the eighteenth century), were also affected. This work is intended to present observed historical structure damage from recent earthquakes, which could provide evidence for the severity of historical earthquakes from the thirteenth to the eighteenth century. Based on historical records, geological evidence and observed damage to ancient monuments in this historic town, existing heritage stupas and temples constructed since the fourteenth century sustained only minor to moderate damage from these historical earthquakes. Considering the seismic vulnerability of these historical monuments, Chiang Saen might have never been subjected to severe ground shaking greater than MMI intensity VII, similar to the major earthquake in 460 A.D. along the Mae Chan fault, which was responsible for the large-scale liquefaction and inundation of ancient Yonok town. This information could be important for paleoseismological and historical earthquake research to constrain the recurrence interval of major active faults in this area.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Environmental loading of heritage structures’.
Evolution and plasticity of the transcriptome under temperature fluctuations in the fungal plant pathogen Zymoseptoria tritici
Authors: Jallet Arthur J. , Le Rouzic Arnaud , Genissel Anne 
Published: August 2019

Abstract– Background. Species are subjected to variable environment in nature. While the ability to cope with changes has been studied through theoretical approaches, the small number of empirical studies limits our understanding of the evolutionary molecular mechanisms underlying adaptation to fluctuations – Results. Whole transcriptome sequencing of the fungal wheat pathogen Zymoseptria tritici revealed the evolution of gene expression after 48 weeks of experimental evolution under stable or fluctuating temperature. We found that although there is a strong genetic signature of gene expression, fluctuating regime could have a large and pervasive effect on the transcriptome evolution. Results show a few hot spots of significantly differentially expressed genes in the genome, in regions enriched with transposable elements (TE), including on dispensable chromosomes. Further, our results evidenced gene evolution towards robustness associated with the fluctuating regime, suggesting robustness is adaptive in changing environment. Last, an analysis on gene expression correlation revealed a significant set of genes that could act as trans-regulators. – Conclusions. This study is the first evolve and re-sequence experiment of a fungal pathogen, with the goal to describe the potential ability to evolve to changing environment and the molecular changes occurring in response to fluctuating selection. In addition to explore the evolutionary potential of the pathogen under temperature fluctuation this work highlights the important role of transcriptional rewiring that can adjust regulation of cell growth and multiplication.
A novel role for SHARPIN in amyloid-β phagocytosis and inflammation by peripheral blood-derived macrophages in Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Krishnan Dhanya , Menon Ramsekhar N , PS Mathuranath , Gopala Srinivas 
Published: August 2019

AbstractINTRODUCTIONDefective immune cell-mediated clearance of amyloid-beta (Aβ) and Aβ-associated inflammatory activation of immune cells are key contributors of Aβ accumulation and neurodegeneration in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), however, the underlying mechanisms remain elusive.METHODSDifferentiated THP-1 cells treated with Aβ and AD patient-derived macrophages were used asin-vitromodel. The role of SHARPIN was analysed in differentiated THP-1 cells using siRNA-mediated knockdown followed by immunoblotting, ELISA, real-time PCR, immunoprecipitation and flow cytometry. Differentiated SHSY5Y cells were used to study inflammation-mediated apoptosis.RESULTSSHARPIN was found to regulate Aβ-phagocytosis and NLRP3 expression in THP-1 derived macrophages. Further, it was found to promote macrophage polarization to an M1 (pro-inflammatory) phenotype resulting in enhanced inflammation and associated neuronal death, demonstrated usingin-vitroculture systems. SHARPIN expression by blood-derived macrophages was further found to be higher in the early stages of AD, which correlates with Aβ40/42concentration in the plasma and age of the study subjects.DISCUSSIONThe novel protein, SHARPIN has been shown to play critical roles in regulation of Aβ-phagocytosis and inflammation in AD and the mechanism by which SHARPIN is activated by Aβ in macrophages has been elucidated.
Modeling individual disability evolution in multiple sclerosis patients based on longitudinal multimodal imaging and clinical data
Authors: Tozlu Ceren , Sappey-Marinier Dominique , Kocevar Gabriel , Cotton François , Vukusic Sandra , Durand-Dubief Françoise , Maucort-Boulch Delphine 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe individual disease evolution of multiple sclerosis (MS) is very different from one patient to another. Therefore, the prediction of long-term disability evolution is difficult based on only clinical information. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides a very efficient tool to distinguish between healthy and abnormal brain tissue, monitor disease evolution, and help decision-making for personalized treatment of MS patients.ObjectiveWe aim to develop a patient-specific model to predict individual disease evolution in MS, using demographic, clinical, and imaging data that were collected at study onset.MethodsThe study included 75 patients tracked over 5 years. The latent class linear mixed model was used to consider individual and unobserved subgroup variability. First, the clinical model was established with demographic and clinical variables to predict clinical disease evolution. Second, the imaging model was built using the multimodal imaging variables. Third, the imaging variables were added one by one, two by two, and all three together to investigate their contribution to the clinical model. The clinical disability is measured with the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS). The performances of the clinical, imaging, and the combined models were compared mainly using the Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC). The mean of the posterior probabilities was also given as the secondary performance evaluation criterion.ResultsThe clinical model gave higher BIC value than imaging and any combined models. The means of the posterior probabilities given by the three models were over 0.94. The clinical model clustered the patients into two latent classes: stable evolution class (n=6, 88%) and severe evolution class (n=9, 12%).ConclusionThe latent class linear mixed model may provide a well-fitted prediction for the disability evolution in MS patients, thus giving further information for personalized treatment decisions after thorough validation with a larger and independent dataset.
Multivoxel patterns for perceptual confidence are associated with false color detection
Authors: Knotts J.D. , Cortese Aurelio , Tascherau-Dumouchel Vincent , Kawato Mitsuo , Lau Hakwan 
Published: August 2019

AbstractWhile it has been proposed that metacognition and conscious perception are related, the mechanistic relationship between the two is unclear. To address this question, we combined decoded neurofeedback (DecNef) in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) with concurrent psychophysics. Participants were rewarded for activating multivoxel patterns for color discrimination confidence while they detected color in mostly achromatic stimuli. We found that occurences of voxel patterns for high color discrimination confidence were associated with false alarms in the concurrent color detection task, suggesting a link between discrimination confidence and consciousness.
p62-DNA-encoding plasmid reverts tumor grade, changes tumor stroma, and enhances anticancer immunity
Authors: Venanzi Franco M. , Gabai Vladimir , Mariotti Francesca , Magi Gian Enrico , Vullo Cecilia , Kolesnikov Sergey I. , Shneider Alex 
Published: August 2019

AbstractPreviously, we reported that the administration of a p62/SQSTM1-encoding plasmid demonstrates high safety and clinical benefits for human cancer patients, having also suppressed tumor growth and metastasis in dogs and mouse models. Here we investigated the mechanistic aspects of these effects. In mammary tumors bearing-dogs, p62 plasmid i.m. injections reduced tumor volumes, and reverted tumor grade to less aggressive lesions in 5 out of 6 animals, with one carcinoma switching to benign adenoma. The treatment increased levels of alpha-SMA in stroma cells and collagen 3 in the extracellular matrix, both of which correlate with a good clinical prognosis. p62 treatment also increased the abundance of intratumoral T-cell. To test the role of adaptive immunity, we compared protective effects of the plasmid against B16 melanoma in wild type C57BL/6J mice and in the corresponding SCID strain lacking lymphocytes. The plasmid was only protective in the wild type strain. Also, p62 plasmid amplified anti-tumor effect of adoptive T-cell transfer from tumor-bearing animals to animals challenged with the same tumors. We conclude that the plasmid acts indirectly via re-modeling of the tumor microenvironment, making it more favorable for increased anti-cancer immunity. Thus, the p62-encoding plasmid might be a new adjuvant for cancer treatments.
High school science fair: Positive and negative outcomes
Authors: Grinnell Frederick , Dalley Simon , Reisch Joan 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe goal of our ongoing research is to identify strengths and weaknesses of high school level science fair and improvements that can help science educators make science fair a more effective, inclusive and equitable learning experience. In this paper, we confirm and extend our previous findings in several important ways. We added new questions to our anonymous and voluntary surveys to learn the extent to which students had an interest in science or engineering careers and if science fair participation increased their interest in science or engineering. And we surveyed a national rather than regional high school student group by incorporating our survey into the Scienteer online portal now used by Texas and some other states for science fair registration, parental consent, and project management. We learned that about ~60% of the more than 300 students in the national cohorts completing surveys in 2017 and 2018 said that they were interested in a career in science or engineering, and ~60% said that participating in science fair increased their interest in science or engineering. About two-thirds of the students were required to participate in science fair, and that requirement reduced the frequency of students who said that science fair increased their interest. In the worst case, ~10% of the students who said that they were not interested in a career in science or engineering and required to participate in science fair engaged in research misconduct (i.e., plagiarism and making up their results). Students’ positive comments about competition in science fair focused on the competition incentive, whereas their positive comments about science fair that was non-competitive focused on learning about the scientific process and learning in general. We discuss the findings in the context of National Science Teaching Association guidance about voluntary science fair participation and begin to identify features of science fair practice consistent with increased student interest in the sciences or engineering.
Male meiotic spindle features that efficiently segregate paired and lagging chromosomes
Authors: Fabig Gunar , Kiewisz Robert , Lindow Norbert , Powers James A. , Cota Vanessa , Mateo Leslie , Brugués Jan , Prohaska Steffen , Chu Diana S. , Müller-Reichert Thomas 
Published: August 2019

AbstractChromosome segregation during male meiosis is tailored to rapidly generate multitudes of sperm. Little, however, is known about the mechanisms that efficiently segregate chromosomes to produce sperm. Using live imaging inCaenorhabditis elegans, we find that spermatocytes exhibit simultaneous pole-to-chromosome shortening (anaphase A) and pole-to-pole elongation (anaphase B). Electron tomography unexpectedly revealed that spermatocyte anaphase A does not stem from kinetochore microtubule shortening. Instead, movement is driven by changes in distance between chromosomes, microtubules, and centrosomes upon tension release at anaphase onset. We also find that the lagging X chromosome, a distinctive feature of anaphase I inC. elegansmales, is due to lack of chromosome pairing. The unpaired chromosome remains tethered to centrosomes by continuously lengthening kinetochore microtubules which are under tension, suggesting a ‘tug of war’ that can reliably resolve chromosome lagging. Overall, we define features that partition both paired and lagging chromosomes for optimal sperm production.
Regularized-Ncut: Robust and homogeneous functional parcellation of neonate and adult brain networks
Authors: Peng Qinmu , Ouyang Minhui , Wang Jiaojian , Yu Qinlin , Zhao Chenying , Slinger Michelle , Li Hongming , Fan Yong , Hong Bo , Huang Hao 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBrain network parcellation based on resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) is affected by noise, resulting in spurious small patches and decreased functional homogeneity within each network. Robust and homogeneous parcellation of neonate brain is more difficult with neonate rs-fMRI associated with higher level of noise and no functional atlas as spatial constraints. To meet these challenges, we developed a novel data-driven Regularized Normalized-cut (RNcut) method. RNcut is formulated by adding two regularization terms, a smoothing term using Markov random fields and a small-patch removal term, to conventional normalized-cut (Ncut) method. The RNcut and competing methods were tested with simulated datasets with known ground truth and then applied to both adult and neonate rs-fMRI datasets. Based on the parcellated networks generated by RNcut, intra-network connectivity was quantified. The test results from simulated datasets demonstrated that the RNcut method is more robust (p<0.01) to noise and can delineate parcellated functional networks with significantly better (p<0.01) spatial contiguity and significantly higher (p<0.01) functional homogeneity than competing methods. Application of RNcut to neonate and adult rs-fMRI dataset revealed distinctive functional brain organization of neonate brains from that of adult brains. Collectively, we developed a novel data-driven RNcut method by integrating conventional Ncut with two regularization terms, generating robust and homogeneous functional parcellation without imposing spatial constraints. A broad range of brain network applications and analyses, especially exploratory investigations of parcellating neonate and infant brain with noisy dataset, can potentially benefit from this RNcut method.