bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the impact of bulk and substrate physics on hydrolysis rates and biogas yields of anaerobic digesters pretreated with thermal hydrolysis
Authors: Manning Elizabeth , Romero Adrian , Li Baoqiang , Al‐Omari Ahmed , Higgins Matthew J. , Riffat Rumana , Murthy Sudhir , De Clippeleir Haydee 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis study evaluated the role of bulk and substrate physics on hydrolysis rates and biogas yields in anaerobic digestion (AD) pretreated by thermal hydrolysis (THP). Although THP decreases sludge viscosity, no evidence was found that bulk viscosity impacted the biogas yield or hydrolysis kinetics. In addition, no significant difference between the biogas yields for different total solids concentrations nor floc sizes was detected. However, increased mixing speeds did increase biogas yields. As a result of thermal treatment, the model protein, bovine serum albumin, was harder to degrade in terms of both overall biodegradability and hydrolysis rates when their macrostructures were changed from liquid to gel and to solid structures; the opposite was true for the model polysaccharide, amylopectin. These results demonstrated that hydrolysis in THP‐AD systems was impacted mostly by the physical properties of the substrate (gelation) rather than the bulk physical properties within the digester.Practitioner points

Bulk viscosity does not significantly impact hydrolysis efficiency (biogas yield). However, mixing speed impacts hydrolysis beyond biogas holdup effect.

Increasing the amount of substrate–microbe collisions through increasing biomass concentration does not have an impact on hydrolysis efficiency or biogas yield.

Proteins are harder to degrade when macrostructure changes from liquid to gel/solid as a result of heat treatment.

Polysaccharides are easier to degrade when macrostructure changes from liquid to gel/solid as a result of heat treatment.

The time required for digesters to reach peak biogas production rates increased with decreasing specific surface available on gel and solid structures.
Removal and enrichment of Cr(VI) from aqueous solutions by lotus seed pods
Authors: Shi Xiongying , Gong Bo , Liao Shuijiao , Wang Jinling , Liu Yonghong , Wang Tongyu , Shi Junkai 
Published: July 2019

AbstractChromium (Cr(VI)) is highly toxic and carcinogenic. Cr(VI) water pollution has become more and more serious. This article reports on a study in which lotus seed pods (LSP), an agricultural waste product, was used to efficiently remove Cr(VI) from an aqueous solution, and the carbonization product of LSP after the removal of Cr(VI) (CPLSP) can be regarded as a resource containing Cr. Cr(VI) removed by LSP fits a pseudo‐second‐order model. pH levels greatly influence the amount of Cr removed. The maximum removal of Cr(VI) by LSP in aqueous solution was 153.85 mg/g. The possible removal mechanism is absorption, redox, and reabsorption based upon SEM/EDS, FT‐IR, and XPS spectra results. The Cr content of CPLSP was 42.95% by ammonium persulfate oxidation titrimetric method. These results suggest that LSP can be an excellent, low cost, biomaterial for removing and enriching Cr(VI) from an aqueous solution.Practitioner points

Lotus seed pods are an efficient adsorbent for Cr(VI) from aqueous solutions.

The Cr removal by lotus seed pods occurs via absorption, redox, and reabsorption.

Cr can be captured after the pods are carbonized.

Lotus seed pods can be applied to the removal and enrichment of Cr(VI) from waste water.
The nitrogen removal and sludge reduction performance of a multi‐stage anoxic/oxic (A/O) biofilm reactor
Authors: Wang Yonglei , Du Zhenqi , Liu Yongjian , Wang Hongbo , Xu Fei , Liu Baozhen , Zheng Zedong 
Published: July 2019

AbstractTo overcome the problems of high excess sludge yield and poor nitrogen removal efficiency in traditional biological treatment processes, a multi‐stage A/O biofilm reactor was developed by combining the multi‐stage A/O process with novel floating spherical carriers, resulting in repeated coupling of anoxic and aerobic environments. Results showed that the system achieved COD, , and TN removal efficiencies of 93.8%, 84.5%, and 75.7%, respectively, with average effluent concentrations lower than: 29.8 COD mg/L, 4.3 mg/L, and 13.2 TN mg/L. The observed sludge yield was 0.139 g MLSS/g COD, which was lower than that of the conventional activated sludge process. Microbial analysis showed that the community structure and cell morphology of microorganisms changed greatly with alternating aerobic–anoxic condition; high‐throughput sequencing results proved that functional microorganisms can be enriched on the surface of the carries and therefore improved the nitrogen removal efficiency and meanwhile minimize the sludge yield within the system.Practitioner points

The research innovatively developed a novel floating spherical carrier and coupled it with multi‐stage A/O process.

The complex redox environments inside the floating spherical carriers improves the nitrogen removal efficiency and the sludge reduction effect.

Nitrospirae, Hydrogenophaga promoted the nitrogen removal, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes and Dechloromonas promoted the in‐situ sludge reduction of the system.
Tensor decomposition for dimension reduction
Authors: Cheng Yu‐Hsiang , Huang Tzee‐Ming , Huang Su‐Yun 
Published: July 2019

AbstractTensor data are data with multiway array structure. They are often very high dimensional and are routinely encountered in many scientific fields. Dimension reduction is the technique of reducing the number of underlying variables for compressed data representation and for model parsimony. Tensor dimension reduction aims for reducing the tensor data dimension while keeping data's tensor structure.This article is categorized under:
Statistical Learning and Exploratory Methods of the Data Sciences > Deep Learning
Statistical and Graphical Methods of Data Analysis > Dimension Reduction
Statistical Learning and Exploratory Methods of the Data Sciences > Modeling Methods
Statistical and Graphical Methods of Data Analysis > Analysis of High Dimensional Data
Mapping the kidney disease quality of life 36-item short form survey (KDQOL-36) to the EQ-5D-3L and the EQ-5D-5L in patients undergoing dialysis
Authors: Yang Fan , Wong Carlos K. H. , Luo Nan , Piercy James , Moon Rebecca , Jackson James 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Objectives
To develop algorithms mapping the Kidney Disease Quality of Life 36-Item Short Form Survey (KDQOL-36) onto the 3-level EQ-5D questionnaire (EQ-5D-3L) and the 5-level EQ-5D questionnaire (EQ-5D-5L) for patients with end-stage renal disease requiring dialysis.

Methods
We used data from a cross-sectional study in Europe (France, n = 299; Germany, n = 413; Italy, n = 278; Spain, n = 225) to map onto EQ-5D-3L and data from a cross-sectional study in Singapore (n = 163) to map onto EQ-5D-5L. Direct mapping using linear regression, mixture beta regression and adjusted limited dependent variable mixture models (ALDVMMs) and response mapping using seemingly unrelated ordered probit models were performed. The KDQOL-36 subscale scores, i.e., physical component summary (PCS), mental component summary (MCS), three disease-specific subscales or their average, i.e., kidney disease component summary (KDCS), and age and sex were included as the explanatory variables. Predictive performance was assessed by mean absolute error (MAE) and root mean square error (RMSE) using 10-fold cross-validation.

Results
Mixture models outperformed linear regression and response mapping. When mapping to EQ-5D-3L, the ALDVMM model was the best-performing one for France, Germany and Spain while beta regression was best for Italy. When mapping to EQ-5D-5L, the ALDVMM model also demonstrated the best predictive performance. Generally, models using KDQOL-36 subscale scores showed better fit than using the KDCS.

Conclusions
This study adds to the growing literature suggesting the better performance of the mixture models in modelling EQ-5D and produces algorithms to map the KDQOL-36 onto EQ-5D-3L (for France, Germany, Italy, and Spain) and EQ-5D-5L (for Singapore).
A phase 1b dose escalation study of Wnt pathway inhibitor vantictumab in combination with nab-paclitaxel and gemcitabine in patients with previously untreated metastatic pancreatic cancer
Authors: Davis S. Lindsey , Cardin Dana B. , Shahda Safi , Lenz Heinz-Josef , Dotan Efrat , O’Neil Bert H. , Kapoun Ann M. , Stagg Robert J. , Berlin Jordan , Messersmith Wells A. , Cohen Steven J. 
Published: July 2019

SummaryVantictumab is a fully human monoclonal antibody that inhibits Wnt pathway signaling through binding FZD1, 2, 5, 7, and 8 receptors. This phase Ib study evaluated vantictumab in combination with nab-paclitaxel and gemcitabine in patients with untreated metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Patients received vantictumab at escalating doses in combination with standard dosing of nab-paclitaxel and gemcitabine according to a 3 + 3 design. A total of 31 patients were treated in 5 dosing cohorts. Fragility fractures attributed to vantictumab occurred in 2 patients in Cohort 2 (7 mg/kg every 2 weeks), and this maximum administered dose (MAD) on study was considered unsafe. The dosing schedule was revised to every 4 weeks for Cohorts 3 through 5, with additional bone safety parameters added. Sequential dosing of vantictumab followed by nab-paclitaxel and gemcitabine was also explored. No fragility fractures attributed to vantictumab occurred in these cohorts; pathologic fracture not attributed to vantictumab was documented in 2 patients. The study was ultimately terminated due to concerns around bone-related safety, and thus the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of the combination was not determined. The MAD of vantictumab according to the revised dosing schedule was 5 mg/kg (n = 16).
Coordinated optimization of equipment operations in a container terminal
Authors: Jonker T. , Duinkerken M. B. , Yorke-Smith N. , de Waal A. , Negenborn R. R. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIncreasing international maritime transport drives the need for efficient container terminals. The speed at which containers can be processed through a terminal is an important performance indicator. In particular, the productivity of the quay cranes (QCs) determines the performance of a container terminal; hence QC scheduling has received considerable attention. This article develops a comprehensive model to represent the waterside operations of a container terminal. Waterside operations comprise single and twinlift handling of containers by QCs, automated guided vehicles and yard cranes. In common practice, an uncoordinated scheduling heuristic is used to dispatch the equipment operating on a terminal. Here, uncoordinated means that the different machines that operate in the container terminal seek optimal productivity solely considering their own respective stage. By contrast, our model provides a coordinated schedule in which operations of all terminal equipment can be considered at once to achieve productivity closer to the QC optimal. The model takes the form of a hybrid flow shop (HFS) with novel features for bi-directional flows and job pairing. The former enables jobs to move freely through the HFS in both directions; the latter constrains certain jobs to be performed simultaneously by a single machine. We solve the coordinated model by means of a tailored simulated annealing (SA) algorithm that balances solution quality and computational time. We empirically study time-bounded variants of SA and compare them with a branch-and-bound algorithm. We show that our approach can produce coordinated schedules for a terminal with up to eight QCs in near real time.
Factor structure and test-retest reliability of the Polish version of the Clarity of Auditory Imagery Scale
Authors: Tużnik Przemysław , Francuz Piotr 
Published: July 2019

AbstractVividness of imagery usually refers to the degree of similarity between mental images and corresponding percepts of real objects. One of the recently developed questionnaires, proposed to measure the vividness of auditory imagery, is the Clarity of Auditory Imagery Scale (CAIS). The main goal of the present study was to assess the factor structure, internal consistency, and test–retest reliability of the Polish version of the CAIS. The study was conducted on musicians (N = 39) and non-musicians (N = 40) to establish differences between the two groups in the vividness (or more specifically, clarity) of their auditory images. A combination of the minimum average partial (MAP) test and parallel analysis (PA) was used as a method of establishing the number of factors and provided evidence that the CAIS is one factor questionnaire. Test–retest reliability was measured by the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) between the mean scores obtained in two measurements made over a one-week interval. The test–retest (ICC) obtained between two measurements equaled .85. The ICC value showed satisfactory stability of the measurement of the vividness of auditory images, at least for short time intervals. The internal consistency of the scale was also satisfactory (Cronbach’s α = .87). Summarizing, the psychometric properties of the Polish version of the CAIS indicate that the scale is a reliable measure of the vividness of auditory imagery. Vividness of auditory imagery measured by the CAIS was not influenced by sex or musical expertise factors.
Impact of Crisis Intervention on the Mental Health Status of Emergency Responders Following the Berlin Terrorist Attack in 2016
Authors: Wesemann Ulrich , Mahnke Manuel , Polk Sarah , Bühler Antje , Willmund Gerd 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTObjective:The most common crisis intervention used with German rescue workers is Critical Incident Stress Management (CISM). Results regarding its effectiveness are inconsistent. A negative reinforcement of avoidance, due to premature termination of strong emotions during the Critical Incident Stress Debriefing (CISD), may explain this. The effectiveness of the CISD after terror attacks in Germany has not yet been investigated.Methods:All emergency responders deployed at the terror attack on Breitscheidplatz in Berlin were invited to take part in the study; 37 of the N = 55 participants had voluntarily participated in CISD; 18 had not.Results:Participants with CISD showed lower quality of life in psychological health and higher depressive symptomatology. Of these, females had lower quality of life in social relationships, whereas males showed more posttraumatic stress symptoms. Emergency responders from non-governmental organizations had higher phobic anxiety. Emergency medical technicians showed more somatic and depressive symptoms.Conclusion:There is no conclusive explanation for why rescue workers with CISD score worse on certain measures. It is possible that CISD has a harmful influence due to negative reinforcement, or that there was a selection effect. Further research differentiating occupational group, sex, and type of event is necessary.
Amplification of 200-ps high-intensity laser pulses via frequency matching stimulated Brillouin scattering
Authors: Yuan Hang , Wang Yulei , Yuan Qiang , Hu Dongxia , Cui Can , Liu Zhaohong , Li Sensen , Chen Yi , Jing Feng , Lü Zhiwei 
Published: July 2019

Laser pulses of 200 ps with extremely high intensities and high energies are sufficient to satisfy the demand of shock ignition, which is an alternative path to ignition in inertial confinement fusion (ICF). This paper reports a type of Brillouin scheme to obtain high-intensity 200-ps laser pulses, where the pulse durations are a challenge for conventional pulsed laser amplification systems. In the amplification process, excited Brillouin acoustic waves fulfill the nonlinear optical effect through which the high energy of a long pump pulse is entirely transferred to a 200-ps laser pulse. This method was introduced and achieved within the SG-III prototype system in China. Compared favorably with the intensity of
$2~\text{GW}/\text{cm}^{2}$
in existing ICF laser drivers, a 6.96-
$\text{GW}/\text{cm}^{2}$
pulse with a width of 170 ps was obtained in our experiment. The practical scalability of the results to larger ICF laser drivers is discussed.
Effect of Beam Transmission of Stable Isotopes on Online δ13C for SSAMS
Authors: Prasad G V Ravi , Cherkinsky Alexander , Culp Randy 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTIt is known that 12C beam transmission through the accelerator decreases at high beam currents. This effect depends on machine design and varies across different types of AMS instruments. For beam currents of about 100 μA, the effect is small on the 500 kV tandem CAMS unit, whereas beam saturation is observed for similar high beam currents on the 250 kV SSAMS unit. While this effect is very evident for high 12C beam currents, we have also observed that even the 13C beam is found to suffer modest transmission loss with beam current. As a result, the 13C/12C ratio does not remain constant with beam current. By correcting for the effects of 12C beam saturation and decreased 13C transmission, we have obtained online δ13C values that are more accurate and precise at moderately high beam currents for SSAMS.
The double empathy problem, camouflage, and the value of expertise from experience
Authors: Mitchell Peter , Cassidy Sarah , Sheppard Elizabeth 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
To understand why autistic people are misperceived in the way Jaswal & Akhtar suggest, we should embrace concepts like the “double empathy problem” and camouflaging and recognize the negative consequences these have for mental health in autism. Moreover, we need to value expertise from experience so that autistic people have a voice and indeed a stake in research into autism.
Whose words are these? Statements derived from Facilitated Communication and Rapid Prompting Method undermine the credibility of Jaswal & Akhtar's social motivation hypotheses
Authors: Vyse Stuart , Hemsley Bronwyn , Lang Russell , Lilienfeld Scott O. , Mostert Mark P. , Schlinger Henry D. , Shane Howard C. , Sherry Mark , Todd James T. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Jaswal & Akhtar provide several quotes ostensibly from people with autism but obtained via the discredited techniques of Facilitated Communication and the Rapid Prompting Method, and they do not acknowledge the use of these techniques. As a result, their argument is substantially less convincing than they assert, and the article lacks transparency.
“Autistic people”? Who do you mean?
Authors: Levy Yonata 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Jaswal & Akhtar (J&A) offer evidence against lack of social motivation in “autistic people,” providing no further phenotypic details as to the autism spectrum disorder (ASD) subgroups that they refer to. I will argue that given the extensive behavioral and neurobiological heterogeneity among people who receive the diagnosis, reference to “autistic people” is misleading. As a consequence, J&A's claims are difficult to interpret.
Novel epigenetic, quantitative, and qualitative insights on the socialness of autism
Authors: Brown William Michael , Foxley-Webb Ewan 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThree complementary points to Jaswal & Akhtar are raised: (1) As a person with autism, I desire sociality despite vulnerability to others’ antisocial behaviour; (2) Asperger's conflation of autism with psychopathy (Czech 2018) likely caused clinicians to disregard social motivation among those with autism; and (3) adverse experiences cause social-engagement diversity to develop in all people, not just those on the spectrum.
The loneliness of me: The assumption of social disinterest and its worrying consequences in autism
Authors: Moseley Rachel Louise , Sui Jie 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
We share Jaswal & Akhtar's concerns about the unintended repercussions of assumed social disinterest in autism. We expand consideration of these consequences with discussion of the literature and our own work on loneliness, mental ill-health, and self-representation, which is a cornerstone to social and emotional health. Further study is needed with expansive, mixed methodologies and involvement of the autistic community.
To be or not to be emotionally aware and socially motivated: How alexithymia impacts autism spectrum disorders
Authors: Pastore Luigi , Dellantonio Sara , Mulatti Claudio , Esposito Gianluca 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAutism often co-occurs with alexithymia, a condition characterized by no or diminished awareness of emotions that significantly impacts an individual's social relationships. We investigate how the social motivation of autistics would be eroded by comorbidity with alexithymia and why this diminished motivation would be difficult for non-autistic people to perceive and reciprocate.
Challenges to the social motivation theory of autism: The dangers of counteracting an imprecise theory with even more imprecision
Authors: Uljarević Mirko , Vivanti Giacomo , Leekam Susan R. , Hardan Antonio Y. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The arguments offered by Jaswal & Akhtar to counter the social motivation theory (SMT) do not appear to be directly related to the SMT tenets and predictions, seem to not be empirically testable, and are inconsistent with empirical evidence. To evaluate the merits and shortcomings of the SMT and identify scientifically testable alternatives, advances are needed on the conceptualization and operationalization of social motivation across diagnostic boundaries.
Expanding the critique of the social motivation theory of autism with participatory and developmental research
Authors: Kapp Steven K. , Goldknopf Emily , Brooks Patricia J. , Kofner Bella , Hossain Maruf 
Published: July 2019

AbstractWe argue that understanding of autism can be strengthened by increasing involvement of autistic individuals as researchers and by exploring cascading impacts of early sensory, perceptual, attentional, and motor atypicalities on social and communicative developmental trajectories. Participatory action research that includes diverse participants or researchers may help combat stigma while expanding research foci to better address autistic people's needs.
Supporting autistic flourishing
Authors: Jaswal Vikram K. , Akhtar Nameera 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
In response to the 32 commentaries, we clarify and extend two of the central arguments in our target article: (1) Social motivation is a dynamic, emergent process, not a static characteristic of individuals, and (2) autistic perspectives are essential to the study of autistic social motivation. We elaborate on how taking these two arguments seriously can contribute to a more accurate, humane, and useful science of autism.
Reframing Technology's Role in Language Teaching: A Retrospective Report
Authors: Lomicka Lara , Lord Gillian 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAs the field of applied linguistics ponders and even embraces the myriad roles technology affords language education, we frame this critical report within the context of the Modern Language Association's 2007 report, along with earlier state-of-the-fieldAnnual Review of Applied Linguistics(ARAL) pieces (e.g., Blake, 2007; 2011) to consider not only where we've come from but also, crucially, where the field is headed. This article begins with an overview of the field, examining the role of technology and how it has been leveraged over decades of language teaching. We also explore issues such as the goals established by the Modern Language Association (MLA) with respect to shaping technological vision and the role of technology in enhancing the field of language education. We use this critical assessment to offer insights into how the field of computer-assisted language learning (CALL) can help shape the future of language teaching and learning.
Interstitial 5p15.2-p13.3 deletion in association with situs inversus, dextrocardia, L-loop of the ventricles, and transposition of great arteries in a newborn infant
Authors: Manzar Shabih , Walyat Nitin , Jones Ryan C. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractWe report a rare association of interstitial deletion of 5p15.2-p13.3 with situs inversus, dextrocardia, L-loop of the ventricles, and transposition of great arteries: [I, L, L] Transposition of Great Arteries. We did not find such an association reported in the medical literature.