bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of increasing pasture species on herbage production, chemical composition and utilization under intensive sheep grazing
Authors: Grace Cornelia , Boland Tommy M. , Sheridan Helen , Lott Stephen , Brennan Eugene , Fritch Rochelle , Lynch Mary Bridget 
Published: August 2018

AbstractA complete randomized design was used to investigate the effect of increasing pasture species on herbage production, chemical composition and utilization under intensive sheep grazing. Four experimental farmlets were established, namely perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) only, receiving 163 kg N ha−1 year−1 (PRG); a perennial ryegrass and white clover (Trifolium repens) sward (PRGWC); a six species sward containing two grasses, two legumes and two herbs (6S); and a nine species sward containing three grasses, three legumes and three herbs (9S), each receiving 90 kg N ha−1 year−1. Ewes (12.5 ewes ha−1) and lambs rotationally grazed each farmlet from turnout post‐lambing until housing. Target pre‐grazing herbage mass (above 4 cm) was 1,200 kg dry‐matter (DM) ha−1, Target post‐grazing sward height was 4 cm for all rotations. Herbage samples were collected for DM yield, botanical and chemical composition determination at each grazing. Annual DM production of the 6S, 9S and PRG swards was similar (10.3, 9.9 and 9.9 ± 0.5 t DM ha−1, respectively) despite differences in N application. The 6S sward, however, had greater annual DM production compared to the PRGWC sward (9.1 t DM ha−1, p < 0.05). Herb proportions decreased in the 6S and 9S swards from 2015 to 2016 (p < 0.05) resulting in increased proportions of grass in these swards (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the PRGWC, 6S and 9S swards produced similar annual herbage DM from lower N inputs to PRG swards; however, maintaining the proportions of herbs is a challenge under intensive sheep grazing.
Protection of Migrants from Extradition in Serbia due to Risk of Persecution
Authors: Krstić Ivana , Davinić Marko 
Published: August 2018

AbstractIn December 2017, the Serbian Minister of Justice ordered the extradition of A.C. to Turkey despite serious claims that he is threatened with persecution in his country. This case, along with some previous cases of asylum seekers in extradition detention, has revealed a lack of consistency of Serbian authorities in application of the principle of non‐refoulement. Thus, the extradition authorities do not take into consideration this principle, believing that a decision on this matter ought to be made by bodies involved in the asylum procedure. On the other hand, in most of the cases, asylum authorities apply the "third country concept" and do not take into consideration that an individual is being extradited to their country of origin. Therefore, the authors conclude that the principle of non‐refoulement is not adequately applied in practice and that it is necessary to undertake certain measures in order to prevent any future similar cases.
Optimizing photorespiration for improved crop productivity
Authors: South Paul F. , Cavanagh Amanda P. , Lopez‐Calcagno Patricia E. , Raines Christine A. , Ort Donald R. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractIn C3 plants, photorespiration is an energy‐expensive process, including the oxygenation of ribulose‐1,5‐bisphosphate (RuBP) by ribulose 1,5‐bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) and the ensuing multi‐organellar photorespiratory pathway required to recycle the toxic byproducts and recapture a portion of the fixed carbon. Photorespiration significantly impacts crop productivity through reducing yields in C3 crops by as much as 50% under severe conditions. Thus, reducing the flux through, or improving the efficiency of photorespiration has the potential of large improvements in C3 crop productivity. Here, we review an array of approaches intended to engineer photorespiration in a range of plant systems with the goal of increasing crop productivity. Approaches include optimizing flux through the native photorespiratory pathway, installing non‐native alternative photorespiratory pathways, and lowering or even eliminating Rubisco‐catalyzed oxygenation of RuBP to reduce substrate entrance into the photorespiratory cycle. Some proposed designs have been successful at the proof of concept level. A plant systems‐engineering approach, based on new opportunities available from synthetic biology to implement in silico designs, holds promise for further progress toward delivering more productive crops to farmer's fields.
Analysis on the determinants of currency invoicing in Korean trade
Authors: Hwang Kwang Myoung , Kim Kyungmin , Roh Chung Seak , Kim Mijin 
Published: August 2018

AbstractWe investigate the determinants of currency invoicing in trade using import and export transactions data between Korea and its 30 major trading partners from 2000 to 2013. We find a noticeably different pattern of currency invoicing from advanced countries. For example, a large market share of Korean exporters in partner countries does not guarantee more use of the Korean won in currency invoicing. This might be attributed to a low degree of Korean won's internationalisation and the strong coalescing effect. We also observe that the higher the level of industry product differentiation, the weaker the coalescing motive. In addition, we verify that the share of invoicing in the currency of Korea's trading partner tends to be higher when the partner country has (i) a larger trade volume, (ii) higher level of financial development, (iii) lower inflation and lower price volatility and (iv) its own currency with lower transaction costs.
The Relationship between Music Teacher Candidates’ Academic and General Procrastination Tendencies and Test Anxiety
Authors: Saracaloğlu Asuman Seda , Dinçer Beste , Gerçeker Ceren Saygı 
Published: August 2018

Today, entrepreneurship has gained great importance, especially with the transition from industrial society to information society. Therefore, in order to ensure economic and social development of societies, entrepreneurship must comprehensively be supported, encouraged and entrepreneurship education has to be provided. Many similar qualities and skills among individuals having reflective thinking abilities and entrepreneurial individuals arise when reflective thinking, one of the higher-level thinking skills, is defined as the cognitive inquiry that will lead the individual to produce new knowledge and develop alternative ways. The purpose of this research is to identify whether physical education and sports teachers' reflective thinking themes predict entrepreneurial characteristics. Research is designed in accordance with the relational screening model. Semerci (2007), “Reflective Thinking Tendency Scale” and Yilmaz and Sunbul (2009), “Entrepreneurship Scale for University Students” were used as data collection tool. Multilevel regression analysis was benefitted in the analyze of the data. As a result of this research, it is determined that effective and interrogated teaching sub-dimension was the most independent variable contributing to the entrepreneurial characteristics of physical education and sports pre-service teachers and this was followed by continuous and intentional thinking, responsibility of teaching and science and looking professional sub-dimensions. It has also been determined that sub-dimensions such as open-mindedness, foresighted and sincere and researcher do not make a meaningful contribution to the prediction of entrepreneurial characteristics. Based on these results, it can be said that a pre-service teacher with high entrepreneurial characteristics will have higher reflective thinking tendencies. Besides, it is also possible to analyze how thinking skills such as critical thinking, creative thinking, problem solving and supra-cognitive thinking predict entrepreneurial characteristics.
Some Recent Developments in the Study of Tropical Wave Disturbances1
Authors: Wallace John M. 
Published: August 2018

Since 1966, two types of wave motions have been discovered in the tropical stratosphere. These have been identified with the two gravest modes of a family of equatorial waves. These waves are characterized by downward phase propagation, which renders them important in the vertical transport of energy and zonal momentum. In the tropical lower troposphere there exists a separate class containing wave modes which do not propagate vertically, one of these being the familiar easterly wave.
The role of these two classes of waves in the tropical general circulation is discussed and the possible energy sources for the waves are enumerated.
The Boundary Layer Dynamics of Tropical Cyclone Rainbands
Authors: Kepert Jeffrey D. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Spiral bands are ubiquitous features in tropical cyclones and significantly affect boundary layer thermodynamics, yet knowledge of their boundary layer dynamics is lacking. Prompted by recent work that has shown that relatively weak axisymmetric vorticity perturbations outside of the radius of maximum winds in tropical cyclones can produce remarkably strong frictional convergence, and by the observation that most secondary eyewalls appear to form by the “wrapping up” of a spiral rainband, the effect of asymmetric vorticity features that mimic spiral bands is studied. The mass field corresponding to an axisymmetric vortex with added spiral vorticity band is constructed using the nonlinear balance equation, and supplied to a three-dimensional boundary layer model. The resulting flow has strong low-level convergence and a marked updraft extending along the vorticity band and some distance downwind. There is a marked along-band wind maximum in the upper boundary layer, similar to observations, which is up to about 20% stronger than the balanced flow. A marked gradient in the inflow-layer depth exists across the band and there is an increase in the surface wind factor (the ratio of surface wind speed to nonlinear-balanced wind speed) near the band. The boundary layer dynamics near a rainband therefore form a continuum with the flow near a secondary eyewall. None of these features are due to convective momentum transports, which are absent from the model. The sensitivities of the flow to band length, width, location, crossing angle, and amplitude are examined, and the possible contribution of boundary layer dynamics to the formation of the tropical cyclone rainbands discussed.
Clearance of Type-Specific, Low-Risk, and High-Risk Cervical Human Papillomavirus Infections in HIV-Negative and HIV-Positive Women
Authors: Adebamowo Sally N. , Famooto Ayotunde , Dareng Eileen O. , Olawande Oluwatoyosi , Olaniyan Olayinka , Offiong Richard , Adebamowo Clement A. ,   for the ACCME Research Group as part of the H3Africa Consortium
Published: August 2018

Purpose There is a dearth of data on clearance of cervical human papillomavirus (HPV) infection among women in West Africa. We examined the clearance of low-risk (lr) and high-risk (hr) cervical HPV infections, and the factors associated with these measures in HIV-negative and HIV-positive women. Methods We studied 630 Nigerian women involved in a study of HPV infection using short polymerase chain reaction fragment-10 assay and line probe assay-25. Research nurses used a cervical brush to collect samples of exfoliated cervical cells from all the study participants. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate associations between HIV and HPV infections. Results The mean age of the study participants was 38 (standard deviation, ± 8) years; 51% were HIV positive. The rate of clearing any HPV infection was 2.0% per month among all women in the study population, 2.5% per month among HIV-negative women, and 1.6% per month, among HIV-positive women. The clearance rate per 1,000 person-months of observation for any lrHPV infection and any hrHPV infection were 9.21 and 8.83, respectively, for HIV-negative women, and 9.38 and 9.37, respectively, for HIV-positive women. In multivariate models, the hazard ratios for HIV-positive compared with HIV-negative women were 0.85 (95% CI, 0.51 to 1.43; P = .55) and 0.95 (95% CI, 0.54 to 1.65; P = .85) for cleared infections with any lrHPV and any hrHPV, respectively. The hazard ratio for HIV-positive compared with HIV-negative women was 0.39 (95% CI, 0.17 to 0.88; P = .02) for cleared infections with any multiple HPV and 0.13 (95% CI, 0.03 to 0.58; P = .007) for cleared infections with multiple hrHPV. Conclusion In this study population, we observed that HIV-positive women were less likely to clear infections with multiple hrHPV types.
Characterization of culturable airborne bacteria and antibiotic susceptibility profiles of indoor and immediate-outdoor environments of a research institute in Ghana
Authors: Abiola Isawumi , Abass Adiza , Duodu Samuel , Mosi Lydia 
Published: August 2018

Background:The study was conducted to determine the bacterial composition and antibiotic susceptibility profiles of a research institute at the University of Ghana where workers and students spend about 70-85% of their lives in indoor and immediate-outdoor environments. This is imperative as one-third of the recognized infectious diseases are transmitted through airborne-route. Furthermore, the increasing rate of bacterial antimicrobial resistance associated with such environments poses serious public health challenges.Methods:A total of 42 airborne samples were collected from eight major sites at the Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology (BCMB), using passive bacterial sampling techniques. Standard phenotypic microbiological procedures were used to characterize the isolates. Antibiotic susceptibility profiles were determined using standard disk diffusion method and guidelines of Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI).Results:Four groups of bacterial isolates were identified from the total samples collected with Gram positive bacilli as the most common. All the isolates showed resistance to beta lactam and sulfonamide classes of antibiotics with full resistance (100%) to ampicillin and penicillin. In total, seven different anti-biotypes were observed with the highest susceptibility displayed towards tetracycline and gentamycin. Significantly, the various air sampling sites of the institute indicated the presence of bacteria with the majority showing multiple antibiotics resistance.Conclusions:Although the recovery of bacteria from supposed sterile environments calls for attention, the observed low contamination rate as compared to the WHO standard suggests a minimum risk of exposure of students and workers to airborne microbial contamination.
Neformalios pagyvenusių asmenų globos namuose priežastys: žvilgsnis į globėjų patirtį
Authors: Junevičienė Jolita 
Published: August 2018

[straipsnis, santrauka, reikšminiai žodžiai lietuvių kalba; santrauka ir reikšminiai žodžiai anglų kalba]
Lietuva pasižymi vienu iš sparčiausių gyventojų senėjimo tempu Europos Sąjungoje, dideliu darbingo amžiaus gyventojų emigracijos mastu ir vis dar stipriais tradiciniais šeimos ryšiais, o tai lemia neformalios pagyvenusių asmenų globos temos aktualumą mūsų šalyje. Šiame straipsnyje, remiantis neformalių globėjų patirtimi, atskleidžiamos priežastys, lemiančios žmonių sprendimą globoti pagyvenusius artimuosius namuose. Duomenys tyrimui gauti atlikus 20 pusiau struktūruotų interviu su neformaliais globėjais. Duomenų analizei taikytas kokybinės turinio analizės metodas. Atliktas tyrimas patvirtina globos poreikį turinčio pagyvenusio asmens ir neformalaus globėjo atsiradimo santykių kompleksiškumą bei atskleidžia neformalios globos priežasčių įvairovę. Paaiškėjo, kad sprendimą globoti pagyvenusį artimąjį namuose lemia ne tik tokie socialiniai aspektai, kaip antai vaikų pareigos jausmas, nepasitikėjimas institucine globa, bet ir tokie ekonominiai aspektai – formalių globos paslaugų brangumas, slaugos išmokos vertinimas kaip papildomo pajamų šaltinio.
DOCÊNCIA EM CURSOS SUPERIORES DE ENFERMAGEM: FORMAÇÃO E PRÁTICAS PEDAGÓGICAS
Authors: Werneck Alexandre Lins , Chainça Eliane , Cesarino Claudia Bernardi , Alexandre Kethi Cristina Do Rosario Squecola 
Published: August 2018

<p>Objetivo: identificar a prática pedagógica e a formação de docentes de Cursos de Graduação em Enfermagem. Método: estudo transversal, descritivo e quantitativo, que aplicou questionário em instituições privadas e pública no<br />estado de São Paulo, Brasil, entre junho e agosto de 2014. Resultados: docentes da instituição pública tinham idades, titulação, tempo na docência, carga horária e formação didática superiores às dos docentes das instituições privadas.<br />Quanto às práticas, na pública, havia mais discussão de casos; nas privadas, prevaleceu o trabalho em grupo. Nas privadas, diferente da pública, os docentes elaboravam individualmente o planejamento e diagnosticavam necessidades de aprendizagem, porém não havia interdisciplinaridade. A maior dificuldade na pública foi falta de compromisso docente; nas privadas, precarização nas relações de trabalho. Conclusão: as significativas diferenças identificadas em relação à prática pedagógica e à formação de docentes de Cursos de Graduação em Enfermagem repercutiram na qualificação e nas condições de trabalho desses profissionais.</p><p>Descritores: Educação em enfermagem. Ensino superior. Prática do docente de enfermagem. Formação docente.</p>
Protocolos emergentes na comunicação organizacional no atual patamar de mediação estrutural da tecnicidade
Authors: Pieniz Mônica Bertholdo 
Published: August 2018

Este artigo é resultado de uma trajetória de pesquisa que tem como eixo teórico principal o conceito de tecnicidade, de Jesús Martín-Barbero, e traz os resultados de uma pesquisa qualitativa que teve por objetivo compreender o processo de reconfiguração da comunicação organizacional no atual patamar de mediação da tecnicidade, na relação com os diferentes públicos nas redes sociais da web. Tal pesquisa buscou responder a questão: como tem se dado a gestão das diferentes possibilidades de comunicação organizacional a partir das tecnologias de informação e comunicação? Para isso, gestores da comunicação de organizações, que representam o primeiro, o segundo e o terceiro setor, foram entrevistados. Os resultados apontam a constituição de diferentes tipos de protocolos na gestão da comunicação nas organizações, como os de emissão, interação, recepção/monitoramento, regulação, gestão de crise, registro e análise e inovação por demanda.
(Re)visitando o Estado Novo no Brasil: uma análise da censura e a difusão cultural dos livros nas bibliotecas
Authors: Oliveira Alessandra Nunes de , Silva Luiz Eduardo Ferreira da , Castro Jetur Lima de 
Published: August 2018

O artigo traz uma discussão sobre as relações da censura com as medidas de implementação da difusão cultural dos livros nas bibliotecas no Estado Novo no Brasil. Configura-se como uma abordagem teórica de cunho histórico, bibliográfico e documental, em que foi adotado o conhecimento indiciário sobre as quais evidenciam-se os aspectos interpretativos de outras formas do saber que partilham das pistas e das pegadas por meio do conhecimento indireto. São feitas considerações sobre o desenvolvimento do Instituto Nacional do Livro nas bibliotecas, sob a influência do Estado Novista, e sobre a relação da censura com o Departamento de Imprensa e Propaganda, com o qual estava coligada aos interesses do governo em questão em relação à expansão e à difusão dos livros. Considera-se que o livro e a leitura foram um esforço grande na política de Vargas com o Estado Novo, com a criação do Instituto Nacional do Livro, um ato perigoso, diga-se, na propaganda, instanciado em nome da moral e dos bons costumes e, por conseguinte, alvo da censura e da repressão à liberdade de expressão de grandes autores brasileiros citados no estudo, como Jorge Amado, Monteiro Lobato, Cecília Meireles e José Lins do Rego. Portanto, é necessário questionar, visto que ainda há uma tendência aos vestígios conservadores, como o do Estado Novo, devido às tradições habituais instauradas nos ambientes de trabalho, ao clima de vigilância nas instituições e às políticas comuns em bibliotecas.
Framework conceitual para o desenvolvimento de Curadoria Digital para pessoas com baixa visão
Authors: Machado Kettuly Costa , Vianna William Barbosa , Cândido Ana Clara 
Published: August 2018

O objetivo deste estudo foi propor um framework conceitual para o desenvolvimento de Curadoria Digital para pessoas com baixa visão. Os procedimentos metodológicos abrangem duas etapas principais: a aplicação da ferramenta Proknow-C, para a análise do portfólio bibliográfico, e a consulta a um grupo de especialistas, no âmbito teórico e prático, sobre o tema de Curadoria Digital. A partir da convergência da literatura e da percepção dos especialistas consultados, foram identificados os objetos digitais que compõem o contexto informacional. O embasamento teórico possibilitou o desenvolvimento da proposta de um framework conceitual e do exercício de aplicação com a finalidade de demonstrar o seu funcionamento. Por fim, o framework conceitual desenvolvido pode contribuir como suporte aos profissionais que trabalham com a informação digital nos processos de tratamento de um objeto digital e, consequentemente, auxilia os profissionais da gestão da informação.
O diálogo num texto de ficção: contribuição para o estudo da “análise da conversação literária”
Authors: Preti Dino 
Published: August 2018

The literary dialogue studies show that sometimes, the characters make use of conversational strategies which are more efficient than those in the spontaneous natural dialogues in certain communicative situations; this can make us think the authors create ideal structures which may often serve as a model. Based on excerpts from one tale by Luiz Vilela, the article shows how the strategies of proximity/distance, power/submission, clarity/concealment/dissimulation are smartly used by both characters in the text, aiming at their objectives in the conversation. This process is named “Literary Conversational Analysis.”
Capital financiero, crisis económica y trabajo femenino
Authors: Girón Alicia , González Marín Ma. Luisa 
Published: August 2018

El artículo analiza los efectos que el predominio del capital financiero ha ocasionado sobre el empleo femenino. Destaca las políticas de ajuste y la manera en que las mujeres se incorporan al trabajo; el resurgimiento de formas atrasadas de explotación como el trabajo a domicilio y la subcontratación, además de la pérdida de prestaciones sociales. Sostiene la tesis de que el aumento de la ocupación femenina no ha traído mejores condiciones de trabajo y de vida para las mujeres, ni siquiera representa una forma de aminorar su subordinación de género, es sólo parte de las estrategias que permiten que la familia sobreviva