bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimizing resilience in orofacial pain: a randomized controlled pilot study on hope
Authors: Bartley Emily J. , LaGattuta Natalie R. , Robinson Michael E. , Fillingim Roger B. 
Published: March 2019

Abstract

Introduction:
Over recent years, there has been growing interest in the role of positive, psychological resources that promote resilience and optimal functioning in chronic pain. Although multiple factors comprise resilience, hope is a strength-based motivational state known to contribute to positive psychosocial adjustment and adaptive pain coping. Emerging evidence supports the viability of therapeutic approaches that foster resilience; however, interventions designed to target hope in the context of pain have been remarkably understudied.

Objectives:
The objectives of this pilot study were to test the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of a resilience-oriented hope intervention for clinical pain, as well as psychosocial outcomes and experimental pain sensitivity in individuals with orofacial pain.

Methods:
Twenty-nine participants with temporomandibular disorder were randomized to a 3-session intervention intended to increase hope or a control intervention (EDU) involving education about pain and stress. Before and after the intervention, participants attended 2 laboratory sessions whereby they completed psychosocial questionnaires and sensitivity to heat, cold, and pressure pain was assessed. Hope was measured using the Adult State Hope Scale.

Results:
Compared with EDU, the Hope group exhibited an increase in state hope, lower heat pain sensitivity, higher pressure pain thresholds at the temporomandibular joint, and reductions in pain catastrophizing.

Conclusion:
Although preliminary, results suggest that a resilience-based hope intervention may be beneficial in reducing pain sensitivity and catastrophizing and could serve as a target for pain management.
Transverse Facial Artery Perforators: Anatomical, Two- and Three-Dimensional Radiographic Study
Authors: Pierrefeu Antoine , Brosset Sophie , Lahon Morgan , Guerid Samia , Shipkov Hristo , Boucher Fabien , Breton Pierre , Sigaux Nicolas , Mojallal Ali 
Published: March 2019

Background:
Increased anatomical knowledge of skin vascularization, such as the recent description of angiosome and perforasome concepts, has led to important innovations in flap surgery. In this sense, few studies have been performed on face vascularization especially for facial artery perforasomes. The aim of this study was to analyze the number, size, and localization of transverse facial artery perforators and their perfusion area.

Methods:
Fourteen hemifaces of fresh adult cadavers from the Department of Anatomy of Lyon University were harvested. Transverse facial artery perforators were identified, dissected, cannulated, and selectively injected with 1 ml of patent blue or contrast solution. Photography, microangiography, and computed tomography were performed. Perforator diameter and localization from the lateral canthus were measured. Exact topography and size of the perforasome were analyzed.

Results:
Twenty-three transverse facial artery perforators were identified. Mean perforator diameter was 1.01 ± 0.3 mm. Mean perforating site was 31.0 ± 8.0 mm lateral to and 38.7 ± 8.8 mm below the lateral canthus. Mean single perforasome surface area was 25.3 ± 18.34 cm2 and mean transverse facial artery skin territory was 40.5 ± 9.78 cm2.

Conclusions:
The transverse facial artery provides at least one perforator that can be accurately localized using a Doppler probe. Clinical applications related to the improved knowledge of transverse facial artery perforators could be as follows: (1) performing a lateral facial skin flap; (2) facial composite allotransplants; (3) face-lift procedures to improve skin perfusion; and (4) prevention of vessel injury in aesthetic procedures such as dermal filler injection or thread-lift techniques.
Prophylactic Use of Buccal Fat Flaps to Improve Oral Mucosal Healing following Furlow Palatoplasty
Authors: Qiu Cecil S. , Fracol Megan E. , Bae Hanah , Gosain Arun K. 
Published: March 2019

Summary:
Furlow palatoplasty is increasingly used both for primary palatoplasty and for secondary correction of velopharyngeal insufficiency. Although Furlow palatoplasty offers the advantage of lengthening the palate, the most tenuous component of the oral mucosal repair is anterior transposition of the oral mucosal Z-plasty flap, with superficial separation of the oral mucosa observed in up to 53 percent of cases of secondary Furlow palatoplasty. To mitigate this problem, the authors prophylactically placed pedicled buccal fat pad flaps to provide an additional vascular layer to promote healing of the overlying oral mucosal Z-plasty flap. The authors report their experience comprising seven patients who underwent Furlow palatoplasty with buccal fat flap augmentation. Four of these patients had secondary Furlow palatoplasty procedures; one of them experienced oral mucosal separation that healed uneventfully. No patients developed an oronasal fistula. The authors’ experience suggests that buccal fat flaps may minimize vascular compromise and dehiscence of the oral mucosal Z-plasty following Furlow palatoplasty.

CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:
Therapeutic, IV.
Is Skin the Most Allogenic Tissue in Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation and a Valid Monitor of the Deeper Tissues?
Authors: Robbins Nicholas L. , Wordsworth Matthew J. , Parida Bijaya K. , Kaplan Bruce , Gorantla Vijay S. , Weitzel Erik K. , Breidenbach Warren C. 
Published: March 2019

Summary:
Since the 1960s, skin has been considered to be the most allogenic tissue in humans. This tenet has remained unquestioned in the reconstructive transplant arena, which has led to skin serving as the sole monitor for early rejection in vascularized composite allotransplantation. In this article, the authors question the validity of this belief. The authors’ hypothesis is that skin is not always an accurate monitor of rejection in the deep tissues, thus questioning the positive and negative predictive value of the punch biopsy for suspected vascularized composite allotransplantation rejection. A search was carried out identifying vascularized composite allotransplantation publications where the allogenicity of transplanted skin was evaluated. Eighteen publications claimed skin was found to be the most allogenic tissue in humans, justifying its use as a superior monitor for rejection. Eight publications demonstrated skin to be a poor monitor of rejection deeper to the skin. Two vascularized composite allotransplantation animal studies reported skin rejecting simultaneously with the deeper tissues. Finally, three publications discussed a skin and kidney allograft, transplanted simultaneously, indicating skin allogenicity was equivalent to the that of the kidney allograft. Much of the literature in human vascularized composite allotransplantation claims skin to be an excellent monitor of the deep tissues. The conclusion from this study is that skin does not always function as a good monitor for what could be rejecting in the deep tissues. The authors believe continued research is necessary to focus on expanding novel monitoring techniques and technologies to accurately diagnose vascularized composite allotransplantation rejection without tissue destruction.
Quality and Quantity–Cultured Murine Endothelial Progenitor Cells Increase Vascularization and Decrease Fibrosis in the Fat Graft
Authors: Geeroms Maxim , Hamdi Moustapha , Hirano Rie , Hagiwara Hiroko , Fujimura Satoshi , Mizuno Hiroshi , Tanaka Rica 
Published: March 2019

Background:
Fat grafting has become a valuable technique for soft-tissue reconstruction; however, long-lasting success depends on several determinants. An early blood supply to the transplanted adipocytes is important to prevent ischemia. The recently developed quality and quantity (QQ) culture increases the vasculogenic potential of endothelial progenitor cells. The authors used a murine fat grafting model to address the hypothesis that QQ-cultured endothelial progenitor cells stimulate the establishment of a blood vessel network and increase graft success.

Methods:
c-Kit+Sca-1+Lin− (KSL) cells were isolated as endothelial progenitor cell precursors from C57BL/6 mice. Adipose tissue was grafted with QQ-cultured KSL cells (QQKSL group), uncultured KSL cells (KSL group), adipose-derived stem cells (ASC group), and a combination (QQKSL+ASC group), and compared to a control group. Five and 10 weeks later, grafts were weighed, histologic and immunohistochemical parameters were evaluated, and gene expression was quantified by quantitative polymerase chain reaction.

Results:
The highest vessel density was observed in the combined QQKSL+ASC group (68.0 ± 4.3/mm2; p < 0.001) and the QQKSL group (53.9 ± 3.0/mm2; p < 0.001). QQKSL cells were engrafted in proximity to the graft vasculature. QQKSL cells decreased the fibrosis percentage (13.8 ± 1.8 percent; p < 0.05). The combined QQKSL+ASC group (22.4 ± 1.8/mm2; p < 0.001) showed the fewest local inflammation units. A significant up-regulation of platelet-derived growth factor and adiponectin expression was observed in the QQKSL group and QQKSL+ASC group. Graft weight persistence was not significantly different between groups.

Conclusions:
Supplementing fat grafts with quality and quantity–cultured endothelial progenitor cells improves graft quality by stimulating vascularization. The increased vessel density is associated with less fibrosis, less inflammation, and better adipose tissue integrity. Enriching fat grafts with QQ-cultured endothelial progenitor cells is a potential solution to their clinical shortcomings.
Current Concepts in Masculinizing Gender Surgery
Authors: Safa Bauback , Lin Walter C. , Salim Ali M. , Deschamps-Braly Jordan C. , Poh Melissa M. 
Published: March 2019

Learning Objectives:
After reading this article and viewing the video, the participant should be able to: 1. Discuss appropriate treatment guidelines, including preoperative mental health and hormonal treatment before gender-affirmation surgery. 2. Name various surgical options for facial, chest, and genital masculinization. 3. Recognize key steps and anatomy during chest-wall contouring and phalloplasty reconstruction. 4. Discuss major risks and complications of chest-wall contouring and phalloplasty reconstruction.

Summary:
Transgender and gender-nonconforming individuals may experience conflict between their gender identity and their gender assigned at birth. With recent advances in health care and societal support, appropriate treatment has become newly accessible and has generated increased demand for gender-affirming care, which is globally guided by the World Professional Association for Transgender Health. This CME article reviews key terminology and standards of care, and provides an overview of various masculinizing gender-affirming surgical procedures.
Validation of the BOOST Risk Stratification Tool as a Predictor of Unplanned 30-Day Readmission in Elderly Patients
Authors: Sieck Carol , Adams William , Burkhart Lisa 
Published: March 2019

Introduction:
Risk stratification tools can identify patients at risk for 30-day readmission, but available tools lack predictive strength. One of these tools is the Better Outcomes by Optimizing Safe Transitions (BOOST) 8 P's tool.

Objectives:
The primary objective of this study was to validate the 8 P's tool as well as measure the predictive strength of variables within this tool.

Methods:
This was a quantitative study that included 1 year of hospitalized elderly patients (n = 6849). Odds ratios were used to determine the strength of the association between variables individually with readmission. Multivariable logistic regression was used to evaluate the predictive strength of the BOOST risk stratification tool.

Results:
This study demonstrated that 5 of the 8 variables in the BOOST risk stratification tool showed significant association with 30-day readmission including the variables of health literacy (P = .030), depression (P = .003), problem medications (P = .001), physical limitations (P ≤ .001), and prior hospitalization (P ≤ .001). Combining variables using multivariable logistic regression, the BOOST 8 P's tool had limited predictive capability with a C-statistic of 0.631.

Conclusion:
This study was the first attempt to validate the BOOST 8 P's tool and to utilize nursing documentation within an electronic medical record to capture social determinants of health.
Pericranial Flap Anterior Skull Base Reconstruction With Gelfoam Intradural Compression
Authors: Song Tae-wook , Lee Seul-kee , Kim Tae-Sun , Joo Sung-Pil 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Anterior cranial base reconstruction is occasionally necessary following severe trauma. Several methods for reconstruction have been described and some authors have described their experiences regarding the use of a pericranial flap for anterior skull base reconstruction after trauma. A 26-year-old woman was admitted to our department with multiple facial bone fractures identified using facial bone computed tomography. Plastic surgeons performed surgery under general anesthesia for the patient's nasal bone fractures. On the seventh day after admission, the patient's brain computed tomography showed an abscess in the frontal lobe. Antibiotic treatment was started, but the lesion deteriorated. Anterior skull base reconstruction was then performed using a pericranial flap with gelfoam compression. No complications, including leakage of cerebrospinal fluid, cerebral hemorrhage, necrosis of the pericranial flap, or frontal lobe herniation, were observed 1 year following surgery. In our case, the authors performed a simple and effective treatment with reconstruction using pericranial flap and gelfoam compression without complications. This technique is useful for reconstructing defects in the base of the frontal bone resulting from various causes, as well as for fracture of the anterior skull base following trauma.
Analysis In Vivo of the Hemifacial Transplantation Surgical Technique
Authors: Rodrigues Ithalo Queiroz , Cunico Caroline , Silva Alfredo Benjamim Duarte da , Brum Juliana Sperotto , Robes Rogério Ribeiro , Freitas Renato da Silva 
Published: March 2019

Abstract:
Approximately 35 facial transplants have been performed worldwide. Many under-explored aspects of this procedure remain, some emerging as the survivors age. Human-like preclinical trial models, including swine, can be explored and developed as a foundation for subsequent studies. A previously described surgical technique for face transplantation in swine carcasses has been employed herein, evaluating its reproducibility in a live pig and the viability of the vascular pedicles.

Method:
Flap construction was performed according to the experimental model developed in our service. Under general anesthesia, the structures of the left hemiface of a pig were dissected. Vascular pedicles were the facial artery, caudal auricular artery, and external jugular vein. After dissection, adequate tissue perfusion of the entire explant by those pedicles was documented through vessel filling, observation of the ischemic area, and posterior reperfusion.

Results:
A capillary reperfusion test confirmed that the main arterial pedicle irrigating the hemiface flap was the facial artery. The same technique showed that despite divergent literary opinions on the irrigation of the auricular region, the caudal auricular artery provides the arterial supply for the external ear. Performing the surgical technique was more difficult in vivo due to the inherent complications of a live subject.

Conclusion:
The methodology for the facial transplant technique in swine carcasses was satisfactorily reproducible in a live animal. The main arterial pedicle responsible for flap irrigation is the facial artery, and the fact that the vessel supplying the outer ear is the caudal atrial artery was confirmed
Solitary Plasmacytoma of the Mandible: Early Diagnosis and Surgical Management
Authors: Rullo Rosario , Scalzone Paola , Laino Luigi , Russo Andrea , Festa Vincenzo Maria , Fiorillo Luca , Cicciù Marco 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Solitary plasmacytoma is an abnormal proliferation of B-lymphoid cells that involves a single bone. It mainly affects the axial skeleton; the jaw localization is a rare condition. The authors present a case of a 70-year-old female patient with a radiolucency of the angle of the mandible later diagnosed as solitary plasmacytoma.
A Rare Potential Compression Can Be Avoided by Lateral Spread Response Recordings During Microvascular Decompression for Hemifacial Spasm
Authors: Chen Yukun , Wang Jing , Wang Xuelian 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
The authors report a 34-year-old female with hemifacial spasm who was identified as a candidate for microvascular decompression. Lateral spread response (LSR) was not recorded at first because of anatomical shift of neurovascular relationship after drainage of cerebrospinal fluid, but they reappeared only after a piece of shredded gelatin sponge was placed near the posteroinferior cerebellar artery to expand surgical field. As the authors removed the gelatin sponge, the LSRs disappeared instantly. Subsequently, the authors put some soft shredded Teflon between the offending vessel and brainstem. Since then the authors did not find LSRs anymore. Clinical follow-up had been carried out with a questionnaire from 1 week to 3 months postoperatively, and the patient was cured with no complications. This report presented that the gelatin sponge placed in an inappropriate position resulting in compression potentially leading to the opposite effect of treatment. Such kind of excessive operation could be avoided by electrophysiological monitoring.
Tonsillar and Adenoid Noncaseating, Epithelioid Granulomas in a Young Girl
Authors: Battat Nir , Tamir Sharon Ovnat , Marom Tal 
Published: March 2019

AbstractWaldeyer's lymphatic ring granulomas in children are infrequent, and may represent an underlying systemic disease, often nondiagnosed before adenotonsillectomy is performed. The authors report on a 5-year-old otherwise healthy girl presented with remarkable tonsillar asymmetry as well as adenoid hypertrophy, with no systemic signs or complaints. Adenotonsillectomy was performed to rule out malignancy. Blood workup was normal. Microscopy of both adenoidectomy and tonsillectomy specimens showed multiple foci of epithelioid, noncaseating granulomas with giant multinucleated cells surrounded by nonspecific chronic inflammation. Immunostainings for B-cell markers, Ki-67, and Ziehl-Neelson were negative. This unusual pathology raised a differential diagnosis which included inflammatory diseases (sarcoidosis, Crohn's disease), foreign body reaction, lymphoma and infections (tuberculosis, fungi). However, none of these entities could be attributed to the girl's condition, and the reason for her pathologic findings remained unknown.
Gastric Bypass Versus Sleeve Gastrectomy
Authors: Poelemeijer Youri Q. M. , Liem Ronald S. L. , Våge Villy , Mala Tom , Sundbom Magnus , Ottosson Johan , Nienhuijs Simon W. 
Published: March 2019

Objective:
The aim of this study was to compare the use and short-term outcome of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and sleeve gastrectomy (SG) in Sweden, Norway, and the Netherlands.

Background:
Although bariatric surgery is performed in high volumes worldwide, no consensus exists regarding the choice of bariatric procedure for specific groups of patients.

Methods:
Data from 3 national registries for bariatric surgery were used. Patient selection, perioperative data (severe complications, mortality, and rate of readmissions within 30 days), and 1-year results (follow-up rate and weight loss) were studied.

Results:
A total of 47,101 primary operations were registered, 33,029 (70.1%) RYGB and 14,072 (29.9%) SG. Patients receiving RYGB met international guidelines for having bariatric surgery more often than those receiving SG (91.9% vs 83,0%, P < 0.001). The 2 procedures did not differ in the rate of severe complications (2.6% vs 2.4%, P = 0.382), nor 30-day mortality (0.04% vs 0.03%, P = 0.821). Readmission rates were higher after RYGB (4.3% vs 3.4%, P < 0.001).
One-year post surgery, less RYGB-patients were lost-to follow-up (12.1% vs 16.5%, P < 0.001) and RYGB resulted in a higher rate of patients with total weight loss of more than 20% (95.8% vs 84.6%, P < 0.001). While the weight-loss after RYGB was similar between hospitals, there was a great variation in weight loss after SG.

Conclusion:
This study reflects the pragmatic use and short-term outcome of RYGB and SG in 3 countries in North-Western Europe. Both procedures were safe, with RYGB having higher weight loss and follow-up rates at the cost of a slightly higher 30-day readmission rate.
Long-term Health Outcomes and Health System Costs Associated With Surgical Site Infections
Authors: Petrosyan Yelena , Thavorn Kednapa , Maclure Malcolm , Smith Glenys , McIsaac Daniel I. , Schramm David , Moloo Husein , Preston Roanne , Forster Alan J. 
Published: March 2019

Objectives:
To examine the association between surgical site infections (SSIs) and hospital readmissions and all-cause mortality, and to estimate the attributable health care costs of SSIs 1 year following surgery.

Background:
SSIs are a common postoperative complication; the long-term impact of SSI on health outcomes and costs has not been formally evaluated.

Methods:
This retrospective cohort study included all adult patients who underwent surgery at the 1202-bed teaching hospital in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, and were included in the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database between 2010 and 2015. The study exposure was postoperative SSI. The study outcomes included hospital readmission, all-cause mortality, and health care costs at 1 year (primary) and at 30 days and 90 days (secondary) following surgery.

Results:
We identified 14,351 patients, including 795 patients with SSIs. Our multivariable analyses that accounted for competing risks demonstrated that at 1-year following the index date, superficial and deep/organ space SSIs were significantly associated with an increase in hospital readmission [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.63, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.39–1.92 and HR = 3.49, (95% CI 2.76–4.17, respectively) and all-cause mortality (HR = 1.35, 95% CI 1.10–1.98 and HR = 2.21, 95% CI 1.44–2.78, respectively]. At 1 year after surgery, patients with superficial and deep/organ space SSIs incurred higher health care costs C$20,648 (95% CI) C$16,980- C$24,112and C$53,075 (95% CI) C$44,628- C$60,936), than non-SSI patients.

Conclusion:
SSIs, especially deep/organ space SSI, contribute to adverse health outcomes and health care costs across the entire year after surgery. Our findings highlight the importance of effective prevention/monitoring strategies targeting both short- and long-term consequences of SSI.