bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abstract PR004: Brain penetrant allosteric EGFR inhibitors for NSCLC
Authors: Scott David , Cullis Courtney , Beyett Tyler , Feru Frederic , Gero Thomas , Gipson Krista , Gokhalle Praful , Gray Nathanael , Heppner David , Huang Sampson , Jänne Pasi , Pusalkar Sandeepraj , Eck Michael 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Approximately 30-50% of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) patients already have CNS disease at time of diagnosis or else develop it during treatment, and there remains a need for better outcomes in these patients. The 3rd-generation covalent EGFR inhibitor osimertinib is an effective therapy for NSCLC patients, improving upon 1st-generation inhibitors gefitinib and erlotinib, and achieving enhanced brain penetration relative to those agents. However, the survival benefit relative to the 1st-generation inhibitors is observed primarily in patients with exon19 deletions rather than the L858R mutation. We developed a series of mutant-selective allosteric EGFR inhibitors that specifically target the L858R mutation (and subsequent resistance mutations), with high selectivity over wt EGFR and across the kinome. Early compounds including the isoindolinone JBJ-09-063 demonstrated good in vivo efficacy in mouse tumor models, despite limited bioavailability. Diversification and optimization of the chemistry, involving a scaffold hopping approach and the replacement of the thiazole amide with benzimidazole, delivered a set of compounds with promising potency and rodent PK. A subset of these achieved good brain exposure in mice and efficacy in an intracranial H1975 brain metastasis model. The mutant-selectivity and ability to co-bind with osimertinib makes an allosteric EGFR inhibitor an ideal partner for combination therapy, with the potential to deliver enhanced outcomes in L858R-driven NSCLC, especially for patients with CNS disease.
Citation Format: David Scott, Courtney Cullis, Tyler Beyett, Frederic Feru, Thomas Gero, Krista Gipson, Praful Gokhalle, Nathanael Gray, David Heppner, Sampson Huang, Pasi Jänne, Sandeepraj Pusalkar, Michael Eck. Brain penetrant allosteric EGFR inhibitors for NSCLC [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference in Cancer Research: Optimizing Therapeutic Efficacy and Tolerability through Cancer Chemistry; 2024 Dec 9-11; Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Ther 2024;23(12_Suppl):Abstract nr PR004
State Dependency of Dynamic and Thermodynamic Contributions to Effective Precipitation Changes
Authors: Braschoss Laura , Weitzel Nils , Baudouin Jean-Philippe , Rehfeld Kira 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Reliable projections of the future hydrological cycle are needed for designing adaptation and mitigation measures under global warming. However, uncertainties in the projected sign and magnitude of effective precipitation changes (precipitation minus evaporation, P − E) remain high. Here, we examine the state dependency of circulation, temperature, and relative humidity contributions to P − E changes in simulations of the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), mid-Holocene, and abrupt quadrupling of the atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration. To this purpose, we apply a moisture budget decomposition and a thermodynamic scaling approximation to CMIP6/PMIP4 simulations with the Earth system model MPI-ESM1.2. We find that the importance of thermodynamic and dynamic contributions to P − E changes and the patterns of dynamic contributions depend strongly on the underlying forcing. Greenhouse gas forcing leads to a stronger thermodynamic response than dynamic response. The LGM ice sheets yield a large dynamic contribution with zonally heterogeneous patterns. Orbital forcing induces a predominantly dynamic response with a hemispherically antisymmetric structure. We also identify state-invariant features: The importance of temperature and relative humidity contributions to specific humidity changes is consistent across states, and the wet-get-wetter–dry-get-drier paradigm proposed for global warming holds in almost all regions dominated by thermodynamic contributions. By definition, the P − E budget and the respective thermodynamic, dynamic, and transient eddy contributions vanish in the global mean. Moreover, we find that for increasing length scales, the spatial variability of these contributions decays with similar rates. We suggest repeating our analysis for more models and states which could help constrain hydroclimate projections.

Significance Statement
We aim at improving our understanding of the influence of changes in winds and water vapor on the local balance between precipitation and evaporation. To this end, we compare simulations for two past climate states with an idealized high carbon dioxide concentration scenario. We find characteristics that depend on the underlying state and characteristics that are consistent across states. Our results help to identify what we can learn from past climate states about precipitation changes under future greenhouse gas emission scenarios. So far, we only analyzed simulations from one model. Therefore, we suggest to repeat our analysis with more models and for more past climate states to confirm our results.
Contemporary Nationwide Assessment of Resource Utilization and Perioperative Outcomes in Open and Minimally Invasive Pancreaticoduodenectomy
Authors: Aryal Bibek , Yin Yue , Joseph Edward A. , Bartlett David L. , Chalikonda Sricharan , Allen Casey J. 
Published: December 2024

Background: While minimally invasive pancreaticoduodenectomy (MIPD) has historically demonstrated benefits over open pancreaticoduodenectomy (OPD), recent advances in perioperative care and surgical techniques may have impacted the relative advantages of these two approaches. This contemporary analysis examines national trends to assess potential differences in resource utilization metrics along with perioperative outcomes between the two approaches. Methods: We analyzed the Nationwide Inpatient Sample database for cancer patients who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomies from 2016 through 2020. We compared socio-demographics, length of stay (LOS), total charges, and perioperative complications between MIPD and OPD. Results: In this observational study, MIPD was associated with lower total charges ($97,470 vs $126,586), shorter LOS (5.05 vs 7.37 days), and lower odds of perioperative complications (OR 1.40, 95% CI 1.18-1.65) compared to OPD. While total charges increased similarly in both groups over time, a declining trend in LOS was observed for OPD (11.49 to 10.36 days). Non-white race and private/other insurance correlated with longer stays, higher charges, and more complications regardless of surgical approach. Conclusions: Despite the gradual improvements in LOS observed with OPD, MIPD demonstrated advantages in resource utilization metrics, indicating potential for reduced healthcare utilization and costs compared to the open surgical approach during the study period. Continued prospective investigation is warranted to comprehensively evaluate MIPD’s value proposition.
Rental Market Risk and Radical Right Support
Authors: Abou-Chadi Tarik , Cohen Denis , Kurer Thomas 
Published: December 2024

A growing literature examines how economic threat affects support for anti-establishment parties. While most existing work focuses on transforming labor markets as a source of anxiety, we advance the literature by studying changes in urban development and rent price appreciation. Our analysis examines the case of Germany, the country with the highest share of rental housing in the European Union. Combining individual-level geo-referenced panel data with a longitudinal data set on the cost of rental housing at the postcode level, we demonstrate that rising local rent levels increase support for radical right parties among long-term residents with lower household incomes, in particular in urban areas. Our results suggest that urban development, not unlike labor market transformation, represents an important and so far neglected source of economic insecurity and social concern with important political implications.
Adolescents’ Self-Reported Exposure to Advertisements for Flavored Tobacco Products After Implementation of a Statewide Ban on Flavored Tobacco Product Sales and Advertising in Massachusetts
Authors: Clark Danielle , Emmons Karen , Hanby Elaine , Liu Jessica , Reynolds Matthew J. , Winickoff Jonathan , Tan Andy S.L. 
Published: December 2024

Objectives: Massachusetts signed into law An Act Modernizing Tobacco Control (hereinafter, the Act) in 2019, which restricted retail sales of flavored tobacco products, including menthol cigarettes. This study assessed differences in advertising exposure to flavored tobacco products among adolescents in Massachusetts compared with adolescents in 4 neighboring states after passage of the Act. Methods: We collected monthly cross-sectional survey data from April 2021 through August 2022 among a convenience sample of adolescents (aged 13-17 y) in Massachusetts and 4 control states: Connecticut, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont. We measured self-reported past-30-day exposure to advertising for flavored electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) products and flavored cigarettes or other tobacco products across 9 channels. Results: After implementation of the Act, adolescents in Massachusetts, compared with adolescents in the 4 control states, reported significantly lower levels of exposure to advertisements for flavored e-cigarettes (convenience store: adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 0.80 [95% CI, 0.66-0.96]; supermarket/grocery store: AOR = 0.66 [95% CI, 0.52-0.84]; gas station: AOR = 0.61 [95% CI, 0.51-0.75]) and flavored cigarette/other tobacco products (convenience store: AOR = 0.69 [95% CI, 0.57-0.83]; supermarket/grocery store: AOR = 0.63 [95% CI, 0.49-0.79]; gas station: AOR = 0.55 [95% CI, 0.45-0.66]) in retail channels, which were the intended targets of the Act. We found no significant differences in flavored tobacco product advertising exposure for non–retail channels (television, radio, posters/billboards, newspapers/magazines, social media, and streaming services/movies in a theater). Conclusions: Future research should further examine the effects of statewide flavored tobacco sales restrictions on the availability of and exposure to advertisements for flavored tobacco products.
Weight loss with atogepant during the preventive treatment of migraine: A pooled analysis
Authors: Peterlin B. Lee , Bond Dale S. , Ailani Jessica , Dodick David W. , Liu Yingyi , De Abreu Ferreira Rosa , Smith Jonathan H. , Dabruzzo Brett , Goadsby Peter J. , Trugman Joel M. 
Published: December 2024

Background Migraine is associated with obesity. These analyses evaluated weight change with atogepant used as a preventive migraine treatment. Methods Five atogepant clinical trials in adults with migraine (one phase 2b/3; four phase 3) were included: Three 12-week, randomized, placebo-controlled trials (episodic migraine: two; chronic migraine: one); one 40-week, open-label extension trial and one 52-week, standard care, randomized, long-term safety trial in episodic migraine. Change from baseline in body weight was measured. Results Mean baseline body mass indexes were 30.0–30.7 kg/m2 (pooled episodic migraine [United States only]) and 25.0–25.5 kg/m2 (chronic migraine [East Asia, Europe, and North America]). More participants treated with atogepant 60 mg once-daily compared to placebo experienced ≥7% weight loss at any time in the pooled episodic migraine placebo-controlled trials (4.9% vs. 2.8%), chronic migraine placebo-controlled trial (5.8% vs. 2.0%), and pooled open-label extension and long-term safety trials (24.0% vs.14.7% in standard care [long-term safety only]). In the placebo-controlled trials, weight loss with atogepant 60 mg once-daily was observed at week 2 (pooled episodic migraine: −0.32%; chronic migraine: −0.39%), increasing at week 12 (pooled episodic migraine: −1.02%; chronic migraine: −1.50%); compared to weight gain with placebo at week 12 (pooled episodic migraine: +0.49%; chronic migraine: +0.10%). In the long-term episodic migraine studies, weight loss with atogepant 60 mg once-daily was observed at week 4 (long-term safety: −0.42%; open-label extension: −0.76%), increasing at week 40 (long-term safety: −2.38%; open-label extension: −2.09%). Conclusion Atogepant was associated with modest dose- and duration-dependent weight loss. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov identifiers: NCT02848326 (CGP-MD-01); NCT03777059 (3101-301-002); NCT03700320 (long-term safety trial); NCT03939312 (open-label extension trial); NCT03855137 (3101-303-002).
Development and application of an intelligent pressure injury assessment system using AI image recognition
Authors: Ge Xiaofang , Du Liping , Zheng Shuangqin , Shi Aili 
Published: December 2024

Background Pressure injuries are a significant concern in clinical settings, requiring accurate assessment to prevent complications. Traditional assessment methods are often subjective and time-consuming. Objective This study aimed to develop and evaluate an AI-based intelligent system for assessing pressure injuries, focusing on improving accuracy and efficiency compared to traditional methods. Methods The study involved 108 ICU patients, divided into control and experimental groups. The control group used traditional assessment methods, while the experimental group used an AI-based system with deep learning algorithms which is built upon a convolutional neural network (CNN). The accuracy, efficiency, and integration of the AI system with electronic medical records were analyzed. Results The AI system achieved an accuracy of 90%, outperforming traditional methods which had an accuracy of 81.2%. The system also significantly reduced the assessment time, improving the overall efficiency of pressure injury evaluation. Conclusion The AI-based system demonstrated superior accuracy and efficiency in pressure injury assessment, offering a valuable tool for clinical use. Further research is needed to expand the system's application to other types of wounds.
The first use of “lupus” as a disease
Authors: Thomas Donald E , Enfrein Antoine , Scofield Robert Hal 
Published: December 2024

Objectives Describe the history of the use of the term “lupus” as a disease and to point out the inaccuracies of previous lupus historical articles and correct the historical record. Methods An exhaustive review of Medieval and later texts regarding the use of the term “lupus” as it was used for the name of a disease as well as personal communications with Medieval experts who have studied this topic. Results There are three possible first uses of “lupus” as a disease: an affidavit written in 963 AD by Eraclius (Bishop of Liège, Belgium), in a 12th century historical account of the Bishop of Liège, falsely ascribed to the 9th century Bishop Herbernus, or in an 1170 AD letter written by Pierre de Blois about the death of archbishop Stephan du Perche. The first use of “lupus” in a medical text was by Rolando da Parma in a 1230 AD surgical treatise. Lupus, Latin for wolf, was not used to describe lesions that looked like wolf bites. Instead, it was first used to describe potentially deadly skin lesions that devoured the affected person’s skin and “internal matter.” The first described lupus treatment was freshly killed chicken flesh applied to the lesions so they would “wolfishly” eat the chicken rather than the person’s flesh. At least 25 modern historical articles, book chapters, and academic theses on the topic contain incorrect dates, story authorship ascriptions, reason for the use of “lupus” and other facts. There is no proof that Hippocrates described lupus. The Basilica of St Martin (Liege, Belgium), was originally built in the 10th century by Eraclius, Bishop of Liege, out of gratitude to St Martin for curing him of “lupus.” Conclusions The first use of the word “lupus” as a disease originated in either the 10th or 12th centuries. It described a deadly disease affecting the buttocks and legs that “wolfishly” devoured the person’s flesh and “internal matter” as well as doctor-prescribed fresh chicken flesh placed on the lesions. Authors of medical history articles should evaluate original historical texts and not simply repeat what other modern articles have written.
FRED-UK: Multicentre UK experience of FRED and FRED Jr flow re-direction endoluminal device for intracranial aneurysms: 6 months and 1 year clinical and anatomical results
Authors: Taylor Eleanor , Downer Jonathan , Lamin Saleh , Chandran Arun , Koumellis Panayiotis , Gan Chee , Jadun Changez , Booth Thomas , Gholkar Anil , Leyon Joe , Lobotesis Kyriakos 
Published: December 2024

Background Flow diverting stents (FDS) are an established endovascular treatment for intracranial aneurysms but are reported to have varying rates of adequate occlusion and thromboembolic complications. This study reports clinical safety and efficacy results of the FRED and FRED Jr FDS in clinical practice in the UK at 6 months and 1 year. Methods The FRED-UK study is a single arm, multicentre, prospective, observational study conducted in the UK. Safety was reviewed by evaluating morbidity (modified Rankin Score ≤2) and mortality. Efficacy was assessed as adequate occlusion of the treated aneurysm. A clinical event committee and core laboratory independently assessed clinical and anatomical results. Results Seven neurointerventional centers treated 61 patients, 57 of which met the full inclusion and exclusion criteria. Of these, 75.4% were treated with FRED and 24.6% with FRED Jr. The aneurysms were located on the cavernous or supraclinoid internal carotid artery (ICA) in 75.4%, on the anterior cerebral artery (ACA) or anterior communicating artery (Acom) in 21.1%, and on the middle cerebral artery (MCA) in 3.5%. 57.9% of aneurysms were small (<10 mm), 40.4% were large (10–24 mm) and 1.8% were giant (≥25 mm). All-cause morbidity and mortality were 0% at 6 and 12 months, and adequate occlusion was 86.7% at 12 months in the per protocol population. Conclusions The FRED and FRED Jr devices are safe and efficacious in the treatment of intracranial aneurysms
Gender and Geographic Equity in the International Association for Dental Research Awards
Authors: Lalloo R. , Borrell L.N. 
Published: December 2024

Objective: To examine the gender and geographic distribution of the International Association for Dental, Oral, and Craniofacial Research (IADR) Distinguished Scientist Awards (DSA; data: 2019–2024), group awards (data: 1982–2024), and fellowships (data: 1987–2024). Methods: Publicly available data were obtained from the IADR awards website. Information on gender and location of the awardees was gathered from photographs and affiliations if available or otherwise from online profiles or using Genderize, an online gender allocation platform. Results: Of the 99 DSA awardees in 2019 to 2024, 35% were women; 38% were from the United States, 12% were from the United Kingdom, and 11% were from Australia. Of the 35 DSA women awardees, 54% were from the United States and 11% from Finland. Of the 795 group awardees, 45% were women. Data on the location of awardees were readily available for 681 group awards; of these, 39% were from the United States and 87% were from high-income countries. Of the 113 fellowships awarded, 58% were to women. Of the 32 fellowships since 2018, 44% were for awardees from upper-middle income countries. Conclusion: Although women are overrepresented in the dental profession and the IADR has a global membership, women awardees remain underrepresented, and most awards are granted to researchers in high-income countries. These findings call attention to a deeper look at diversity, equity, and inclusion within the IADR. Knowledge Transfer Statement: Gender diversity of IADR research awards is moving in the right direction, but geographic diversity lags, with most Distinguished Scientist Awards and group awards to members in high-income countries. There is an urgent need to consider performance relative to opportunities and applications. This change in process could provide a much-needed intersectionality lens for recognizing the research performance of IADR members while increasing diversity and inclusivity.
Quality of care for people with differences of sex development (DSD) in Germany
Authors: Maike Schnoor , Andreas Heidenreich , Martina Jürgensen , Ulla Döhnert , Olaf Hiort , Alexander Katalinic 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
People with "Differences of Sex Development" (DSD) require comprehensive, specialised, and individualised medical and psychological care. This is often perceived as inadequate by those affected. Therefore, the German Federal Ministry of Health funded the project DSDCare which aimed to improve the quality of care for people with DSD over the lifespan in Germany.

Method
Indicators of structural, process, and outcome quality were defined, which are used to evaluate the quality of care. The indicators of structural quality are collected once a year from ten participating centres. Based on the "Open Source Registry System for Rare Diseases (OSSE)", a DSD-specific registry (DSDReg) was developed, in which patient-related care data are recorded in order to be able to assess the process and outcome quality. Furthermore, patient-reported outcomes are collected directly from the patients by means of questionnaires. The data are reported back to the participating centres in an annual benchmarking.

Results
Twenty-five indicators of structural quality were defined, twelve indicators of process quality and ten of outcome quality. A total of 477 patients were registered in DSDReg in the period from May 2021 till October 2022. The mean age is 16 years; the most common diagnosis groups are 46,XY DSD (34.8%), followed by 46,XX DSD (33.3%) and chromosomal DSD (27.5%). Patient numbers vary across centres from N = 10 to N = 131. Questionnaires are available from 316 (66.2%) affected individuals, including 122 from adults, 120 from children or adolescents with DSD, and 191 from parents. Preliminary results show heterogeneity between centres in both data quality and quality of care.

Conclusions
The DSDReg is well established in the DSDCare project as a quality assurance tool with continuously increasing recruitment figures. The implemented quality indicators are applicable, enable a comparison between the participating centres and will foreseeably lead to an improvement of the care of patients with DSD. A long-term continuation of the registry after the end of the initial study period is therefore indicated.
Ancient ceramics restoration method based on image processing texture stitching
Authors: Zheng Qi , Yang Hui , Yang Jianfei , Jiang Hong , Hu Weiwen , Liao Dahai 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This study addresses the issue of the existence of a considerable number of ancient ceramic fragments within the gene pool of ancient ceramics in Jingdezhen, as well as the limited efficacy of manual restoration techniques. To this end, an ancient ceramic restoration method based on the stitching of ancient ceramic textures through image processing is proposed. By employing the optimal single responsiveness matrix and state transfer equation, coupled with a random sampling strategy to ascertain the precise matching points and a consistency checking mechanism to preclude erroneous matching, the optimal single responsiveness matrix is devised to meticulously transform and stitch ancient ceramic textures. The dynamic programming idea is employed to identify the optimal stitching path, thereby enhancing the quality of the stitching and facilitating the precise, seamless, and natural integration of the ancient ceramic texture. The average peak signal-to-noise ratio of the stitched image of ancient ceramics is 58.7554, and the mean square error is 0.0866, which demonstrates the efficacy of image processing technology in the restoration of ancient ceramics and facilitates the intelligent advancement of cultural protection.