bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of subtetanic neuromuscular electrical stimulation on sprint
interval exercise
Authors: Takeda Ryosuke , Nojima Hiroya , Nishikawa Taichi , Watanabe Kohei 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe study aimed to determine the acute effects of subtetanic neuromuscular
electrical stimulation (NMES) combined with active recovery between sprint
exercises on blood lactate accumulation, sprint performance, and muscle fatigue.
Sixteen healthy young individuals [23(4) years, 10 males] underwent a 1-min rest
followed by sprint interval training consisting of four 15-sec maximal sprint
exercises with three 5-min active cycling sessions. Participants engaged in
voluntary cycling at 40% of peak oxygen consumption, with or without NMES (VOLES
or VOL; interventions). Blood lactate concentration ([La]b) was
assessed at the end of the rest and each intervention periods. Mean power was
assessed during each sprint exercise session. Maximum voluntary contraction
(MVC) of the knee extensor was measured before and after sprint interval
training to evaluate muscle fatigue. The [La]b was significantly
higher in VOLES than in VOL (main effect, P=0.037). Mean power did not differ
between conditions (main effect and interaction, P>0.050). MVC after sprint
interval exercise was significantly lower in VOLES than in VOL (interaction,
P<0.001). Subtetanic NMES combined with voluntary cycling enhanced blood
lactate accumulation and induced greater voluntary fatigue but resulted in
similar peripheral muscle fatigue and sprint exercise performance compared with
voluntary cycling without NMES.
Achieving Sustainability in the Assembly of Modified Nucleosides Using Green Solvents
Authors: Kudalkar Mahadev V. , Patel Manisha A. , Sanghvi Yogesh S. , Kapdi Anant R. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractChemical modifications of nucleosides have been a topic of special interest for researchers, given the plethora of applications these structural motifs have been able to demonstrate. For decades, such modifications have been performed in conventional volatile organic solvents that have severe environmental implications. A recent trend suggests a shift in the strategy, with many researchers using sustainable and green solvents such as ionic liquids (ILs), H2O, deep eutectic solvents (DES), and 2-MeTHF for performing key transformations on the nucleoside’s structural motif. This review critically analyzes examples of nucleoside functionalization carried out in different sustainable solvents and also helps to assess the feasibility of such solvent choices for further applications.
Proximal Ulnar Reinsertion of the Triceps Brachii Tendon with a Synthetic Implant in a Dog with Nonreconstructible Olecranon Fracture
Authors: Etchart Ninon , Estoueigt Elsa , Crumière Antonin , Goin Bastien , Jacques David 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Objective Reporting the reinsertion of the triceps brachii onto the proximal ulna as a salvage procedure in a dog with nonreconstructible olecranon fracture.
Case Description A Labrador Retriever was presented with a comminuted olecranon fracture. Initial fracture stabilization was unsuccessful, resulting in implant failure and a nonreconstructible comminuted fracture, thus preventing triceps tendon reattachment. Revision surgery was performed after the implants and bone fragments were removed. A synthetic implant was sutured onto the triceps tendon and fixed on the proximal ulna by an interference screw (IS) in a bone tunnel. A transarticular Jean-Alphonse Meynard external fixator was applied for 3 weeks.
Results After 3 weeks, the dog had moderate lameness with a painless elbow. At 1.5 months, it had severe lameness with a painful elbow and mild osteoarthritis (OA). Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs were prescribed, and intensive physical therapy was initiated. Lameness improved at 2.5 and 3.5 months despite mild OA. At 9 months, the dog had mild lameness and a swelling of the elbow. Radiographs showed moderate OA and lucency around the IS. Bacteriologic examination was positive. The implants and infected tissues were removed, and antibiotics were prescribed for 1 month. At 18 months, the dog had mild lameness with no pain. At 33 months, it had intermittent mild lameness with no pain, yet severe OA.
Conclusion Triceps tendon re-insertion onto the proximal ulna yielded satisfactory long-term outcome in this dog with nonreconstructible olecranon fracture.
Woman on board, corporate social responsibility and financial performance: new evidence from China
Authors: Long Xianyi , Bu Xuelin , Xie Peng , Shao Yunwei 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThere are mixed findings on the impact of women directors on board (WOB) on corporate financial performance (CFP). To reconcile these mixed findings, we propose that WOB could influence CFP in the following two ways. On the one hand, WOB could enhance CFP by leading more CSR activities. On the other hand, WOB may weaken the CSR-CFP relationship due to expectations on their role-playing. These two effects go in opposite directions, and their relative strength determines the WOB-CFP relationship. Using Chinese listed firms from 2011 to 2020 as samples, the results lend strong support to these two effects. And WOB will have a positive effect on CFP only if its moderating effect on the CSR-CFP relationship has been controlled for. Additional tests show that neither critical mass nor qualification of women directors matters in explaining variations of CFP in Chinese firms. The contributions and limitations are discussed at the end of this study.
Cryogenic optical-to-microwave conversion using Si photonic integrated circuit Ge photodiodes
Authors: Julien-Neitzert D. , Leung Edward K. , Islam N. , Khorev S. , Shekhar S. , Chrostowski L. , Young Jeff F. , Salfi J. 
Published: November 2024

Integrated circuit technology enables the scaling of circuit complexity and functionality while maintaining manufacturability and reliability. Integration is expected to play an important role in quantum information technologies, including in the highly demanding task of producing the classical signals to control and measure quantum circuits at scales needed for fault-tolerant quantum computation. Here, we experimentally characterize the cryogenic performance of a miniaturized photonic integrated circuit fabricated by a commercial foundry that downconverts classical optical signals into microwave signals. The circuit consists of waveguide-integrated germanium PIN photodiodes packaged using a scalable photonic wire bonding approach to a multi-channel optical fiber array that provides the optical excitation. We find the peak optical-to-microwave conversion response to be ∼150 ± 13 mA/W in the O-band at 4.2 K, well below the temperature the circuit was designed for and tested at in the past, for two different diode designs. The second diode design operates to over 6 GHz of 3 dB bandwidth, making it suitable for controlling quantum circuits, with improvements in bandwidth and response expected from improved packaging. The demonstrated miniaturization and integration offers new perspectives for wavelength-division multiplexed control of microwave quantum circuits and scalable processors using light delivered by optical fiber arrays.
Evolution of secondary vorticity following vortex ring impact on a concave hemicylindrical cavity
Authors: Ahmed T. , Erath B. D. 
Published: November 2024

The generation of secondary vortices from a wall-bounded vorticity sheet is a frequent occurrence in vortex ring–structure interactions. Such interactions arise in both engineering and biomedical applications, including tracheoesophageal speech. This study investigated the evolution of secondary vorticity following impact of an axisymmetric vortex ring on a concave hemicylindrical cavity. A primary vortex ring (PVR) with a formation number of F=2.00 and Reynolds number of ReΓ=1500 was generated within a water tank. Five different ratios of hemicylindrical cavity radius (Rcyl) to PVR radius (Rv) were examined; namely, γ=4,  3,  212,  2, and 112. Flow visualization and particle image velocimetry analysis of the scenarios revealed the asymmetric impact of the PVR on the cavity surface. This asymmetric impact leads to distinctive flow dynamics in the evolution of secondary vorticity across both the transverse and longitudinal planes. In the transverse plane, the PVR impact generated a secondary vortex ring (SVR) and a tertiary vortex ring (TVR). Following generation, the SVR and TVR rotated completely around the PVR. In the longitudinal plane, the SVR produced a horseshoe-like loop instead of rotating around the PVR completely. For γ=4,  3, and 212, the SVR loop moved upward due to self-induction. For γ=2 and  112, the legs of the SVR horseshoe-like loop experienced reconnection and produced two new vortex rings. The upward trajectory of the SVR horseshoe-like loop varied with γ, tending to move further from the primary ring's axis as γ decreased.
Adjective + noun collocations in L2 spoken English
Authors: Gablasova Dana , Brezina Vaclav 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This study explores the development of L2 phraseological knowledge, focusing on the relationship between L2
proficiency and the use of adjective-noun combinations from the perspective of collocation density and association strength. While
a growing body of evidence suggests that more advanced L2 production tends to be characterised by (i) a greater collocation
density and (ii) more strongly associated collocations, several studies did not find this trend. The present study draws on the
British Council-Lancaster Aptis Corpus and data from four proficiency levels (A2-C of the CEFR) to test a
hypothesis about the direction of collocation development in order to contribute to a systematic advancement of knowledge about
the development of productive L2 collocation use. The study replicates some of the key findings from previous research, confirming
that these trends are generalisable to different samples of L2 speakers and across different modes of communication.
Evolution of structural, magnetic and transport properties of 3d-5d based double perovskites Nd2–xSrxCoIrO6
Authors: Datta Raktim , Mondal Suman , Mondal Suchanda , Kalyan Pradhan Suman , Majumdar Subham , Kumar De Subodh 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The evolution of the structural, magnetic and transport properties of the intermediate compounds Nd

2
−
x

Sr
x
CoIrO6 with x = 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 1 and 1.5 have been studied to establish important roles of sizes and oxidation states of cations on various phases. The replacement of Nd3+ by Sr2+ primarily influences the oxidation states of Co (Co2+

→

Co3+) and Ir (Ir4+

→

Ir5+) ions to maintain the charge neutrality in the entire system. The Sr dopants give rise to an increasing Co/Ir antisite disorder (ASD) to accommodate the variation of charge state and ionic radius of Co and Ir. The nature of magnetic interaction induced by Sr changes from being a ferrimagnetic (FIM) to a more dominant antiferromagnetic. The suppression of the second magnetic transition below 30 K in samples for x

>

0.2 is entirely due to dilution of the Nd–Nd magnetic interaction. The combined effects of ASD and mixed oxidation state of Co and Ir ions generate various types of magnetic exchange pathways and create competitive magnetic interactions to stabilize a particular magnetic ground state. In the middle compound NdSrCoIrO6, a Griffith like phase in the temperature region 65–150 K and exchange bias field of 658 Oe at 2.3 K under a cooling field of 50 kOe has been observed. The compounds show an insulating kind of behaviour, and with hole doping the value of room temperature resistivity drastically decreases. The nature of conduction is found to follow three dimensional Mott’s variable range hopping process.
Investigation of performance-enhanced GaN-based E-mode p-channel MOSFET with pre-ohmic-annealing treatment
Authors: Su Huake , Zhang Tao , Xu Shengrui , Tao Hongchang , Wang Yibo , Gao Yuan , Hao Yue , Zhang Jincheng 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Pre-ohmic-annealing (POA) treatment of P-GaN/AlN/AlGaN epitaxy under N2 atmosphere was demonstrated to effectively achieve good p-type ohmic contact as well as decreased epitaxy sheet resistance. Ohmic contact resistance (R
c) extracted by transfer length method reduced from 38 to 23 Ω·mm with alleviated contact barrier height from 0.55 to 0.51 eV after POA treatment. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Hall measurement confirmed that POA treatment was able to reduce surface state density and improve the hole concentration of p-GaN. Due to the decreased R
c and improved two-dimensional hole gas (2DHG) density, an outstanding-performance GaN E-mode p-channel MOSFET was successfully realized.
Early Christianity in Roman Legal Measures
Authors: Janssen K P S 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The fourth chapter in this study is focused on the legal treatment of early Christianity.It opens by discussing the different schools of thought on the legal basis for trials against Christians, as well as the debate about the date of separation between Christian and Jewish communities. The chapter argues that legal interactions with Christians usually took the shape of cognitio procedures, and that negotiations between governors, the local population, and (sometimes) the emperor therefore played an important role in determining both whether accusations against Christians would be accepted and what the exact character of the proceedings would be. It also suggests that this process of negotiation serves to explain why charges of ‘being Christian’ are so frequently accompanied by accusations of criminal or otherwise disruptive behaviour, and argues that the traditional distinction between the nomen ipsum and flagitia cohaerentia nomini introduced by Pliny the Younger cannot be said to have been clearly made in legal practice. Indeed, legal measures against Christians were much more diverse than has often been assumed: they could vary significantly in scope, outcome, and character, and our sources strongly suggest that no coherent policy, let alone centralized persecutions or even well-established precedents, emerged during the period under discussion.
A Victorian Childhood and Early Adulthood
Authors: Whitehouse Deja 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This chapter begins with a general overview of the education options available for young middle-class women in late nineteenth-century England, citing reports from the Taunton and Bryce Education Commissions and other contemporary sources. Although new schools offering academic subjects for girls had been established, many parents preferred their daughters to learn accomplishments, such as music and drawing, designed to attract a suitable husband. These were taught either by governesses and private tutors or in small establishments run by lady proprietors. Harris’s own childhood and education are explored and comparisons drawn with those of her female esoteric contemporaries. The chapter concludes with an analysis of Harris’s life as a young woman prior to her marriage to Percy Harris.
Crowley’s Magical Pupil
Authors: Whitehouse Deja 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This chapter examines Harris’s esoteric and spiritual development during her involvement with Crowley. She became his magical pupil, not only to support her work on the Tarot designs, but also as a member of Crowley’s magical orders, the Ordo Templi Orientis (O.T.O.) and A⸫A⸫ Consideration is given to her previous occult knowledge and the direction her studies took under Crowley’s tutelage. Her membership of a Masonic lodge enabled her to affiliate to the O.T.O. at an equivalent level. In addition she was initiated into the A⸫A⸫, and her progression through the various degrees of the order is analysed in detail. In particular, Harris’s relationship with the god Mercury and the impact it had on various aspects of her life are explored. The chapter concludes with an assessment of Harris’s commitment to Crowley and Thelema.
Traumatic Brain Injury and Risk of Incident Dementia: Forensic Applications of Current Research
Authors: Clem Matthew A , LoBue Christian , Schaffert Jeff , Cullum C Munro 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objective
Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) has been identified as a risk factor for later developing neurodegenerative disorders, and there has been significant attention on this association in forensic settings. As a result, forensic neuropsychologists are frequently asked to comment on risk for dementia after an alleged TBI in litigation and criminal cases. This article provides an evidence-based foundation to aid forensic practice by synthesizing comprehensive information pertaining to: (i) the role of the neuropsychologist in TBI-related litigation, (ii) the complexities associated with identifying TBIs in forensic cases, (iii) the science of TBI in relation to incident dementia, and (iv) current scientific evidence for chronic traumatic encephalopathy.

Results
Developing a neurodegenerative disorder after TBI is the exception rather than the rule. Prevalence rates suggest that only a small subset (&lt; 5%) of individuals with moderate-to-severe TBI, and even fewer (&lt; 1%) with mild TBI (mTBI), appear to develop certain neurodegenerative diseases, and the characteristics that place some at risk remain unclear. The literature is mixed in terms of identifying a relationship between mTBI and later-in-life dementia risk. Also, the quality of positive evidence for risk of dementia after mTBI is weak and mostly consists of observational studies characterized by methodological limitations.

Conclusions
Methods used to establish the likely occurrence of a TBI in a forensic context are typically more extensive than those used in a routine clinical evaluation. Research methodology to define TBI is often even more rudimentary and inconsistent. Applying clinical research results of TBI and dementia outcomes to forensic cases at an individual level carries significant limitations. Estimating the contribution of remote head hits or concussion in a causal manner to dementia is a challenge forensic experts sometimes face, yet at present, the task is impossible beyond correlations and speculation.
Forensic Neuropsychology Goes from Nowhere to Almost Everywhere: Lessons Learned During Decades of Practice
Authors: Sweet Jerry J 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objective
To provide a narrative overview of the development of forensic neuropsychology (FN) in the last 40-plus years.

Methods
Personal history description, highlighted by key data-based publications.

Results
Anecdotal and relevant data-based findings converge to present a perspective of a wealth of FN resources currently available to the well-documented growing numbers of practitioners.

Conclusion
The de facto subspecialty of FN is now a visible and prominent part of the landscape of clinical neuropsychology.
Diagnosed and Nondisclosed Concussions Among Young Athletes With ADHD
Authors: Schmitt Ara J , Matta Michael , Bretzin Abigail C , Benno Maria Tina , Franklin Kirstin , Beidler Erica 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objective
Within a sample of young athletes with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), to explore the frequency of disclosed and nondisclosed concussions, identify reasons the youth did not report a suspected concussion, and learn the frequency that the youth still practiced or played in a game after a suspected concussion.

Method
Cross-sectional surveys were completed by 448 youth athletes (ages 8–14 years) and a corresponding parent (or caregiver). As part of larger respective surveys, questions regarding ADHD status and concussion history were asked of the youth and parents. Data regarding 40 youth with ADHD were available for analyses. Due to the low frequency of concussive injuries within the total sample, descriptive statistics and qualitative techniques were used to contextualize the data.

Results
The youth with ADHD were not more likely to experience at least one diagnosed concussion or nondisclosed concussion as compared to non-ADHD controls. Three of 40 youth athletes with ADHD (8%) had been diagnosed with a concussion, whereas 5 (13%) self-reported a nondisclosed concussion. Not wanting to lose playing time and not wanting to miss a game were the two most endorsed reasons for concussion nondisclosure.

Conclusions
More research is needed to understand the present results considering other research that puts similarly aged athletes with ADHD at greater risk for concussion. Education for youth with ADHD might help reduce the number of nondisclosed concussions that have a more complex recovery trajectory in this population.
No evidence for phenotypic condition-dependent ejaculate allocation in response to sperm competition in a seed beetle
Authors: Wyber Blake W , Tomkins Joseph L , Simmons Leigh W 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Sperm competition is known to favor the evolution of male traits that confer an advantage in gaining fertilizations when females mate multiply. Ejaculate production can be costly and the strategic allocation of sperm in relation to the sperm competition environment is a taxonomically widespread phenomenon. However, variation among males in their ability to adjust ejaculate allocation has rarely been explored. Here, we manipulated the phenotypic condition of male seed beetles, Callosobruchus maculatus, via larval diet quality and measured ejaculate allocation across varying levels of sperm competition manipulated using olfactory cues. Furthermore, we asked how strategic ejaculation was impacted by previous ejaculation. We found no variation in ejaculate allocation in response to experimentally manipulated cues to sperm competition. Ejaculate allocation was reduced by a male’s previous mating history but was unaffected by the larval diets on which males were reared. We suggest that either male seed beetles are unable to adjust ejaculate size to the immediate competitive environment, or that sperm displacement strategies employed by males favor maximal investment at all mating events, especially when unmated females are infrequently encountered. As our study is one of few to examine condition dependence in strategic ejaculation, emphasis should be placed on future studies investigating this possibility across a wider range of taxa and animal mating systems.
SeqLengthPlot v2.0: an all-in-one, easy-to-use tool for visualizing and retrieving sequence lengths from FASTA files
Authors: Domínguez-Pérez Dany , Agüero-Chapin Guillermin , Leone Serena , Modica Maria Vittoria 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Motivation
Accurate sequence length profiling is essential in bioinformatics, particularly in genomics and proteomics. Existing tools like SeqKit and the Trinity toolkit provide basic sequence statistics but often fall short in offering comprehensive analytics and plotting options. For instance, SeqKit is a very complete and fast tool for sequence analysis, delivering useful metrics (e.g. number of sequences, average, minimum, and maximum lengths) and can return sequences either shorter or longer (but not both at once) for a given length. Similarly, Trinity's Perl-based scripts provide detailed contig length distributions (e.g. N50, median, and average lengths) but do not include the total number of sequences or offer graphical representations of the data.

Results
Given that key sequence analysis tasks are often distributed across multiple tools, we introduce SeqLengthPlot v2.0, an all-in-one, easy-to-use Python-based tool. Through a simple command-line interface, this straightforward tool enables users to split input FASTA files (nucleotide and protein) into two distinct files based on a customizable sequence length cutoff. It also automatically retrieves the resulting FASTA files, generates length distribution plots, and provides comprehensive statistical summaries.

Availability and implementation
SeqLengthPlot_v2.0.2 can be accessed at https://github.com/danydguezperez/SeqLengthPlot/releases/tag/v2.0.2.