bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using otolith chronologies to understand long‐term trends and extrinsic drivers of growth in fisheries
Authors: Martino Jasmin C. , Fowler Anthony J. , Doubleday Zoë A. , Grammer Gretchen L. , Gillanders Bronwyn M. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIdentifying trends and drivers of fish growth in commercial species is important for ongoing sustainable management, but there is a critical shortage of long‐term datasets in marine systems. Using otolith (ear bone) sclerochronology and mixed‐effects modeling, we reconstructed nearly four decades (37 yr) of growth across four oceanographically diverse regions in an iconic fishery species, snapper (Chrysophrys auratus). Growth was then related to environmental factors (sea surface temperature, chlorophyll‐a, and Southern Oscillation Index) and population performance indicators (recruitment and commercial catch). Across the decades, growth rates declined in the two most productive fishery regions. Chlorophyll‐a (a measure of primary productivity) was the best predictor of growth for all regions, but direction and magnitude of the relationships varied, indicating regional‐specific differences in intra‐specific competition. Sea surface temperature was positively correlated with fish growth, but negatively correlated after temperature reached optimum thermal maxima, which suggests individuals in warmer regions may be under thermal stress. Growth also decreased at the extremes of the Southern Oscillation Index, indicating fish growth is impeded in significant climatic events. Contrasting relationships between growth, catch, and recruitment indicated regional‐specific density‐dependent effects, with growth positively correlated with population size in one region but negatively correlated in another. Our results indicate that under future ocean warming and increased frequency of extreme climate events, fish growth and fisheries productivity are likely to be affected. Furthermore, the interactive effects of extrinsic factors also indicated that stressors on fisheries should be managed collectively. We show that otolith chronologies are an effective method to assess long‐term trends and drivers of growth in fishery species. Such informed ecological predictions will help shape the sustainable management of fisheries under future changing climates.
Efficiency improvement of high‐frequency inverter for wireless power transfer system using series compensator
Authors: Osawa Jun , Isobe Takanori , Tadano Hiroshi 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThis paper proposes a wireless power transfer system using a series compensator GCSC (gate‐controlled series capacitor) as a primary side capacitor. The GCSC is a circuit module that functions as a series variable capacitor by controlling semiconductor switches. The advantage of applying the GCSC to the primary side capacitor is that it provides controllability of the output power factor for a high‐frequency inverter. Therefore, optimum operation of the high‐frequency inverter can be achieved irrespective of the coil parameters by controlling the output power factor. Experimental results with a 1 kW laboratory prototype confirmed that the proposed system can achieve optimum operation and high efficiencies of the high‐frequency inverter.
Analysis, economical and technical enhancement of an organic Rankine cycle recovering waste heat from an exhaust gas stream
Authors: Shams Ghoreishi Seyed Milad , Akbari Vakilabadi Moslem , Bidi Mokhtar , Khoeini Poorfar Alireza , Sadeghzadeh Milad , Ahmadi Mohammad Hossein , Ming Tingzhen 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAny effort with the aim of increasing the total electrical power generation (EPG) due to the existed constraints in vessels is desired in power plants. Using Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) for recovering waste heat of an exhausting gas is considered as an auxiliary way for improving EPG value. In this study, four ORC arrangements were first modeled for six refrigerants by EES software and the first and second laws of thermodynamics efficiency (ηI and ηII, respectively) and mass flow rate were studied for these cycles. Based on modeling results, the best arrangement was selected for each refrigerant such as; F‐type (Reference cycle+ Intermediate recuperator+ Final recuperator) for R123, H‐type (Reference cycle+ Intermediate recuperator) for R114 and n‐butane and R‐type (Reference cycle + Final recuperator) for n‐pentane, n‐heptane, and toluene. The ηI value as a technical objective function was then optimized for the above cycles by Aspen HYSYS. n‐heptane and toluene cycles were chosen due to higher first‐law efficiency value and then were studied under different source temperature condition and n‐heptane cycle showed better adaptability. Afterward, exergoeconomic was applied on n‐heptane cycle and maximum cycle pressure was chosen as a design variable for economically optimizing net final income (NFI). Finally, NFI value is increased from 423.1$/kW·h to 609.9$/kW·h about 44.2%, while the second‐law efficiency value is just decreased from 25.6% to 20.6% about 5%.
The beneficial effects of Moringa oleifera leaf on reproductive performance in mice
Authors: Zeng Bin , Luo Junyi , Wang Peng , Yang Lin , Chen Ting , Sun Jiajie , Xie Meiying , Li Meng , Zhang Haojie , He Jiajian , Zhang Yongliang , Xi Qianyun 
Published: January 2019

AbstractMoringa oleifera is a tropical plant with high nutritional and medicinal value. Recent studies have reported its remarkable effects in inflammatory, antioxidative, and anti‐diabetes modulations, but there was no significant report on its role in animal breeding. In this study, we investigated the effects of dietary Moringa oleifera leaf (MOL) on reproductive performances in mice. We studied the reproductive performance of mice for six consecutive gestations. Mice fed with 4% MOL diet showed improved litter size, litter birth weight, and litter survivals until weaning age compared to control mice fed with normal diet (p < 0.05). Mice fed with MOL diet did not change weight and organ coefficients. Serum malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations in both male and female mice were significantly decreased by dietary MOL (p < 0.05), but glutathione peroxidase (GSH‐PX) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were unchanged. For male, dietary MOL significantly reduced sperm abnormality rate (p < 0.05) and Bcl2‐associated X protein (Bax) expression in testis (p < 0.05), but did not affect serum testosterone and the expression levels of androgen receptor (AR), phosphoglycerate kinase 2 (Pgk2), protamine2 (Prm2), and B cell leukemia/lymphoma 2 (Bcl2) in testis. For female, dietary MOL did not change serum estradiol and the expressions of estrogen receptor beta (ERβ), Bcl2, Bax, and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) in ovary. In summary, MOL increased litter size and antioxidant ability, reduced the rate of sperm abnormality and the expression of Bax. Therefore, MOL may serve as a functional feed addictive for improving animal reproductive performance.
Evolution of white matter tract microstructure across the life span
Authors: Slater David A. , Melie‐Garcia Lester , Preisig Martin , Kherif Ferath , Lutti Antoine , Draganski Bogdan 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe human brain undergoes dramatic structural change over the life span. In a large imaging cohort of 801 individuals aged 7–84 years, we applied quantitative relaxometry and diffusion microstructure imaging in combination with diffusion tractography to investigate tissue property dynamics across the human life span. Significant nonlinear aging effects were consistently observed across tracts and tissue measures. The age at which white matter (WM) fascicles attain peak maturation varies substantially across tissue measurements and tracts. These observations of heterochronicity and spatial heterogeneity of tract maturation highlight the importance of using multiple tissue measurements to investigate each region of the WM. Our data further provide additional quantitative evidence in support of the last‐in‐first‐out retrogenesis hypothesis of aging, demonstrating a strong correlational relationship between peak maturational timing and the extent of quadratic measurement differences across the life span for the most myelin sensitive measures. These findings present an important baseline from which to assess divergence from normative aging trends in developmental and degenerative disorders, and to further investigate the mechanisms connecting WM microstructure to cognition.
Morbidity and mortality among patients with head and neck cancer in the emergency department: A national perspective
Authors: Kligerman Maxwell P. , Sethi Rosh K. V. , Kozin Elliott D. , Gray Stacey T. , Shrime Mark G. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBackgroundEmergency departments are playing an increasing role in cancer management. Emergency department utilization by patients with head and neck cancer, however, is unknown.MethodsThe 2009‐2011 Nationwide Emergency Department Sample was queried for patients with a principle diagnosis of head and neck cancer. Descriptive analysis was performed to characterize patient and hospital characteristics, outcomes, and charges. Logistic regression identified predictors of admission and mortality.ResultsA total of 31 390 patients were seen in the emergency department with head and neck cancer: 72.8% were admitted, 0.5% died in the emergency department, and 5.0% died during admission. Patients with cancer of unknown primary site had the greatest odds of admission (odds ration [OR]: 2.83; P < 0.0001). Privately insured patients (OR: 1.78; P = 0.001), those from higher income zip codes (OR: 1.56; P = 0.008), and those with oropharyngeal cancer (OR: 2.02; P = 0.0003) had the greatest odds of death.ConclusionThese findings have direct implications for preventing unnecessary and costly emergency department visits, improving hospital and physician preparedness, and improving patient outcomes.
Adult neurogenesis in the mouse dentate gyrus protects the hippocampus from neuronal injury following severe seizures
Authors: Jain Swati , LaFrancois John J. , Botterill Justin J. , Alcantara‐Gonzalez David , Scharfman Helen E. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractPrevious studies suggest that reducing the numbers of adult‐born neurons in the dentate gyrus (DG) of the mouse increases susceptibility to severe continuous seizures (status epilepticus; SE) evoked by systemic injection of the convulsant kainic acid (KA). However, it was not clear if the results would be the same for other ways to induce seizures, or if SE‐induced damage would be affected. Therefore, we used pilocarpine, which induces seizures by a different mechanism than KA. Also, we quantified hippocampal damage after SE. In addition, we used both loss‐of‐function and gain‐of‐function methods in adult mice. We hypothesized that after loss‐of‐function, mice would be more susceptible to pilocarpine‐induced SE and SE‐associated hippocampal damage, and after gain‐of‐function, mice would be more protected from SE and hippocampal damage after SE. For loss‐of‐function, adult neurogenesis was suppressed by pharmacogenetic deletion of dividing radial glial precursors. For gain‐of‐function, adult neurogenesis was increased by conditional deletion of pro‐apoptotic gene Bax in Nestin‐expressing progenitors. Fluoro‐Jade C (FJ‐C) was used to quantify neuronal injury and video‐electroencephalography (video‐EEG) was used to quantify SE. Pilocarpine‐induced SE was longer in mice with reduced adult neurogenesis, SE had more power and neuronal damage was greater. Conversely, mice with increased adult‐born neurons had shorter SE, SE had less power, and there was less neuronal damage. The results suggest that adult‐born neurons exert protective effects against SE and SE‐induced neuronal injury.
Environmental effects of the technology transformation from hard-disk to solid-state drives from resource depletion and toxicity management perspectives
Authors: Kim Se-Hee , Lee Su-Jin , Kim Sang-Ho , Kang Sung-Eun , Lee Dae Sung , Lim Seong-Rin 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Solid-state drives (SSDs) are used as data storage systems in various electronic devices in place of hard-disk drives (HDDs) due to their higher speed and durability and lower noise and power consumption. Although SSDs have these advantages, the environmental consequences of the technology transformation from HDD to SSD need to be examined from resource depletion and toxicity management perspectives because most electronic components and devices contain rare, precious, and toxic metals. Thus, the objective of this study was to assess and compare resource depletion and toxicity potentials from metals in an HDD and an SSD on a same capacity basis. The environmental impact potentials were evaluated based on the metal contents and masses of the drives and environmental impact characterization factors used in life cycle impact assessments. The SSD had 86% to 94% lower resource depletion potentials than the HDD, due primarily to the lower contents of Au, Cu, Pd, Ru, and Pt, whereas the SSD had 33% higher potential for only In. The SSD also had 87% to 94% lower toxicity potentials due primarily to the lower contents of Ni, Pb, Cu, and Cr. Thus, this study showed that the technology transformation is environmentally desirable to conserve resources and to protect human and ecological health. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2019;15:292–298. © 2019 SETAC
Effects of offshore oil exploration and development in the Alaskan Beaufort Sea: Long-term patterns of hydrocarbons in sediments
Authors: Durell Gregory S , Neff Jerry M 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

The United States Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) has sponsored 4 major monitoring projects in the oil and gas development area of the Alaskan Beaufort Sea since the 1980s, the last being the Arctic Nearshore Impact Monitoring in the Development Area III (ANIMIDA III) Project (2014–2017). These studies were conducted to better understand the physical, chemical, and biological environments and how oil and gas activities may impact them. This paper focuses on monitoring sediment hydrocarbon chemistry. The projects included measuring polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), n-alkanes and isoprenoids (SHCs), and sterane/triterpene (S/T) geochemical biomarkers and determining their distribution, possible sources, and environmental significance in the sediments of the Beaufort Sea and rivers emptying into it. Concentrations of hydrocarbons in sediments were variable on both spatial and temporal scales; surface sediment concentrations of total PAHs (TPAHs), the class of hydrocarbons of greatest environmental interest, averaged between 300 and 700 μg/kg in different years of monitoring between 1985 and 2015. The concentrations were similar to those measured in other marine regions of Alaska where oil activities have not occurred. Sediment TPAH concentrations were below sediment quality guidelines values, indicating a low risk of harm to benthic marine communities. The hydrocarbons in the Beaufort Sea sediments are primarily from non-oil petrogenic and biogenic sources, with small amounts of pyrogenic hydrocarbons. Most of the hydrocarbons are carried to the Beaufort Sea in coastal erosion and river inputs of hydrocarbon-rich materials, such as peat and shale. The majority of the Beaufort Sea Development Area, including near production facilities, contains uncontaminated sediments with only a few small areas near (&lt;100 m) some exploratory wells where petroleum hydrocarbon concentrations are above regional background. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2019;15:224–236. © 2019 SETAC
Characterizing polychlorinated biphenyl exposure pathways from sediment and water in aquatic life using a food web bioaccumulation model
Authors: Li Jingyuan , McPhedran Kerry , Szalińska Ewa , McLeod Anne M , Bhavsar Satyendra P , Bohr Joseph , Grgicak-Mannion Alice , Drouillard Ken 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Contaminant remediation decisions often focus on sediment–organism relationships, omitting the partitioning between sediment and water that exists across a given site. The present study highlights the importance of incorporating nonsedimentary routes of exposure into a nonequilibrium, steady-state food web bioaccumulation model for predicting polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) concentrations in benthic invertebrates. Specifically, we examined the proportion of overlying water relative to the sediment porewater respired by benthic invertebrates, which has been used in previous studies to examine contaminant bioaccumulation. We evaluated the model accuracy using paired benthos–sediment samples and an extensive fish contamination database to ensure realistic predictions at the base of the Detroit River (Ontario, Canada, and Michigan, USA) food web. The results demonstrate that, compared with empirical regression analyses, the food web bioaccumulation model provided satisfactory estimates of PCB bioaccumulation for benthos simulations and better estimates for fish simulations. Our results showed that PCB bioaccumulation measurements are significantly affected by variations in pollutant uptake and elimination routes via the overlying water, which in turn are affected by the degree of disequilibrium of PCBs between sediments and water. Interestingly, we obtained contrasting results regarding the effectiveness of remediation strategies for reducing the contaminant burden of the aquatic biota based on different proportions of overlying water relative to porewater. These differences could consequently impact decisions about the approaches for source control and strategic sediment remediation. This study suggests that bioaccumulation assessments could be improved through better identification of chemical uptake–elimination routes in benthos and by accounting for chemical bioavailability in sediment and water components in areas with disequilibrium.Integr Environ Assess Manag 2019;00:000–000. © 2019 SETAC
Safety and efficacy of adjusted‐dose enoxaparin in pregnant patients with increased risk for venous thromboembolic disease
Authors: Bailly Jenique , Jacobson Barry F. , Louw Susan 
Published: January 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the efficacy and safety of anti‐Xa guided dose‐adjusted low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) thromboprophylaxis in at‐risk pregnant women.MethodsThis single‐center retrospective study was conducted at a quaternary hospital in Johannesburg, South Africa. We analyzed clinical and laboratory data for pregnant patients referred between January 1, 1999, and May 1, 2017, with an increased risk of venous thromboembolic disease (VTED) and treated with prophylactic LMWH adjusted according to anti‐Xa levels. The efficacy endpoint was pregnancy‐related VTED and/or pregnancy loss despite anti‐Xa guided dose‐adjusted LMWH thromboprophylaxis.ResultsWe reviewed data for 113 consecutive pregnant patients with 151 pregnancies referred for prophylactic LMWH. Prevalence of pregnancy‐related VTED was 1.3% (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.1–4.7), which is lower than that reported in the literature for fixed‐dose thromboprophylaxis in similar at‐risk groups. One venous thromboembolism event occurred in the antenatal period (despite adequate prophylaxis) and the second in the postpartum period (related to prolonged labor). Prevalence of pregnancy‐related bleeding was 2% (95% CI 0.4–5.7) with all bleeding events considered to be minor and unrelated to LMWH therapy.ConclusionThis study demonstrated the efficacy and safety of anti‐Xa dose‐adjusted LMWH thromboprophylaxis in at‐risk pregnant patients.
Assessment of IS‐innovation strategic alignment factors among universal banks in Ghana
Authors: Yaw Obeng Asare , Mkhize Peter L. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThere is a widespread acceptance of information system (IS) strategic alignment. How and whether IS strategic alignment creates value especially in developing countries remains a major challenge for most banks. Additionally, alignment scope is often general making it difficult to identify specific important strategic alignment factors. We explored factors perceived to influence IS‐innovation strategic alignment, their interrelationships, and consequential effects among six universal banks in Ghana. Primary data were obtained through interviews. The two‐dimensional solution accounted for 85.4% of the total variance with P value of 0.000 indicating strong dependency in the data. The findings indicate IS and innovation of the banks are well aligned, and innovative performance is an output of successful IS‐innovation alignment. Collaboration and IS strategic projects factors contributed strongly to the successful alignment. The findings provide bank managers with more reliable and actionable insights to determine the dimensions of alignment that contribute more or less to firm performance.
The tumour suppressing role of the circadian clock
Authors: Davis Kate , Roden Laura C. , Leaner Virna D. , van der Watt Pauline J. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe circadian clock and the ~24 h rhythms it generates are essential in maintaining regular tissue functioning. At the molecular level, the circadian clock comprises a core set of rhythmically expressed genes and gene products that are able to drive rhythmic expression of other genes to generate overt circadian rhythms. It has recently come to light that perturbations of circadian rhythms contribute to the development of pathological states such as cancer, and altered expression and/or regulation of circadian clock genes has been identified in multiple tumour types. This review summarises the important role the circadian system plays in regulating cellular processes, including the cell cycle, apoptosis, DNA repair, the epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition, metabolism and immunity and how its dysregulation has widespread implications and could be a critical player in the development of cancer. Understanding its role in cancer development is important for the field chronotherapy, where the timing of chemotherapy administration is optimised based on differences in circadian clock functioning in normal and cancer cells. This has been found to influence the patient response, minimising the side effects commonly associated with chemotherapy. © 2019 IUBMB Life, 2019