bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhancing FAPbI3 Perovskite Solar Cell Performance and Stability Through Bespoke Graphene Quantum Dots
Authors: Park Jin Kyoung , Song Yunmi , Lee Hyong Joon , Kim Kyung Ho , Heo Jin Hyuck , Im Sang Hyuk 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTA novel approach to enhancing the efficiency and long‐term stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is presented through strategic interfacial modification using bespoke graphene quantum dots (GQDs). GQDs with controlled alkylamine chain lengths, such as butylamine (C4), octylamine (C8), and dodecylamine (C12), were customized to have the proper optical and electronic properties toward specific interfaces within the PSCs. The incorporation of C4‐GQDs significantly improved the energy level alignment and conductivity of the SnO2 electron transport layer (ETL), while C12‐GQDs effectively reduced trap density on the perovskite surface, leading to enhanced defect passivation. These modifications resulted in a substantial increase in power conversion efficiency of 24.41% in a unit cell and 18.91% in a mini‐module, respectively. Notably, the maximum power point tracked perovskite mini‐module retained 89% of its initial efficiency during 1000 h of continuous light soaking condition at 25°C under 35% relative humidity. This work highlights the potential of bespoke GQDs to advance both the performance and durability of PSCs, providing a scalable approach for future photovoltaic applications.
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The Mesolithic Hunter–Gatherer Camp Site at Sammakko in Norrbotten, Northernmost Sweden—Archeological Finds and Palaeoenvironmental Reconstruction
Authors: Möller Per , Palmbo Frida , Nielsen Anne Birgitte , Boman Emma , Dong Haoran , Björck Svante , Cai Yuanyang , Grimbe Jannica , Macleod Ruairidh , Shen Mingjian , Wang Yucheng , Westerlund Mica , Xue Zhe 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTA small Mesolithic camp site near Sammakko in northernmost Sweden has been identified through its abundance of burnt bone and quartz refuse from stone tool manufacturing/maintenance. Radiocarbon dating places hunter–gatherer activity here around 8900 years ago, 1800 years later than the oldest known settlement in Norrbotten, the Aareavaara site. Sediment stratigraphy in nearby lake basins suggests that the final melting of stagnant ice, trapped in the undulating Veiki‐moraine landscape, occurred around 9200 years ago. Initially, after deglaciation, the area was covered with arctic heath, transitioning to an open birch forest by 9100 years ago. At the time of the Sammakko settlers, it was an open birch forest with elements of pine, and various dwarf shrubs, including dwarf birch, willow, and juniper. Grasses, sedges, and various herbs in the semi‐open grounds were also common. The settlers primarily relied on reindeer, as indicated by burnt bones, with supplementary food sources such as pike and birds. Stalking was likely the main hunting method, possibly aided by dogs. Potential dog gnaw marks on bones suggest early domestication. The site functioned as a temporary hunting station, probably used only during snow‐free months.
A Novel Lysosome‐Related Gene Signature Predicts Lung Cancer Prognosis: A Bioinformatics‐Driven Study
Authors: Ye Wei , Sun Lin , Fu Cong , Dong Huajie , Zhou Tong 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackground and AimsThe biological function of lysosomes has been increasingly appreciated in cancer. However, the relationship between lysosome and lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) was not well understood. In this study, a lysosome‐related signature was developed for LUAD risk stratification and prognosis prediction.MethodsDownload RNA‐seq data of LUAD and clinical information of corresponding samples from the UCSC‐Xena platform. GSE31210 databases is used as a validation cohort. The lysosome‐related genes was obtained from molecular signature database. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) as well as lysosome‐associated prognosis signatures were identified by using univariate, multivariate cox, and Lasso regression. A nomogram was constructed and evaluated using ROC and DCA.ResultsA total of 109 lysosome‐related DEGs were identified and 30 prognostic related DEGs were subsequently screened. Cluster analysis further divides the TCGA cohort into clusters 1 and 2. Patients in cluster 2 had a worse prognosis (p = 0.016), lower LYSOSOME score. Enrichment analysis showed that 21 significantly enriched gene sets in the cluster 2 were activated. And 10 pathways, such as E2F_TARGETS, G2M_CHECKPOINT were upregulated. Multivariate Cox regression analysis identified 17 best prognostic genes as risk signature. An independent prognostic factor, the risk signature, was identified. A prognostic nomogram including risk signature, age, TNM stage, and gender was constructed, and ROC and DCA curves proved its excellent performance. We examined CTSZ and AP3S2 protein expression in 48 stage 3–4 NSCLC samples. Low AP3S2 expression was associated with better prognosis (median overall survival: 37.87 vs. 8.53 months, p = 0.0211). Increased CTSZ expression also indicated better prognosis (median overall survival: 6.77 vs. 30.50 months, p = 0.0306).ConclusionWe identified molecular subtypes and lysosomal‐based prognostic signatures for LUAD patients, as well as 17 genes that serve as a biomarker for evaluating the prognosis of LUAD patients.
Machine Learning Modeling of Anchovy Waste Treatment Using Solar Drying
Authors: Mohammed Najjar , Zakaria Tagnamas , Younes Bahammou , Hamid Bouyghf , Mohammed Nahid 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThis study aims to valorize coproducts from the anchovy processing chain by obtaining compounds of interest through the implementation of environmentally friendly and energy‐efficient techniques. These methods, which also apply to other fresh anchovy waste coproducts, seek to minimize the environmental pollution associated with conventional systems. The investigation focused on the application of solar drying as a treatment of anchovy waste. The resulting data were employed to model the drying behavior of anchovy waste using five machine learning algorithms. A thermokinetic study was conducted under both natural and forced convection solar drying to establish the optimal conditions for drying and storing anchovy heads, which are a significant source of high‐quality proteins for human and animal nutrition. Drying kinetics were examined at three temperatures (60°C, 70°C, and 90°C) and two airflow rates (150 and 300 m3/h). The study identified air drying temperature as the most critical factor affecting the drying kinetics of anchovy wastes. Machine learning modeling of anchovy waste solar drying was conducted, and evaluated models were RNN, LSTM, GRU, LightGBM, and CatBoost. CatBoost demonstrated superior performance in predicting moisture content. It achieved the lowest Mean Squared Error of 1.1491e − 06, the lowest Mean Absolute Error of 0.0006265, and the highest coefficient of determination (R2) of 99.99%. The comparative analysis highlighted distinct differences in the predictive accuracy of the models, with CatBoost emerging as the most effective.
Utilizing an Opportunistic Clinical Study and Population‐Based Pharmacokinetic Models to Identify Rational Empiric Dosing Regimens for Piperacillin–Tazobactam in Critically Ill Patients
Authors: Reeder Joshua A. , Creech C. Buddy , Nation Roger L. , Gu Kenan , Nalbant Demet , Wu Nan , Jimenez‐Truque Natalia , Fissell William , Rolsma Stephanie L. , Fishbane Nicholas , Kirkpatrick Carl M. J. , Patel Pratish C. , Watanabe Amy , Landersdorfer Cornelia B. , Winokur Patricia , An Guohua 
Published: December 2024

AbstractDetermining an effective dosing regimen for piperacillin–tazobactam in critically ill patients is challenging due to substantial pharmacokinetic variability caused by complex pathophysiological changes. To address this need, a prospective clinical study was conducted, which enrolled 112 critically ill patients and employed an opportunistic sampling strategy. Population modeling and simulation were performed to characterize the pharmacokinetics (PK) and probability of target attainment (PTA) of piperacillin–tazobactam under various dosing regimens. Both piperacillin and tazobactam final models were one‐compartment models with zero‐order input and first‐order elimination. Significant covariates included lean body weight for piperacillin and creatinine clearance along with continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) for both drugs. Monte Carlo simulations demonstrated that continuous infusion can achieve higher PTA than intermittent and extended infusions. When considering the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 16 mg/L for Pseudomonas aeruginosa (a frequently encountered bacterial pathogen among critically ill patients) and a PK/PD target of 100% fT >MIC, continuous infusion of 6 g/day is recommended for critically ill patients with a CLcr <60 mL/min, 9 g/day for patients with CLcr in the range of 60 to 129 mL/min, and 12 g/day for patients with a CLcr ≥130 mL/min. In addition, extended infusion represents a good alternative, especially the 3 g q6h or 4 g q6h regimens which can achieve the designated European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) non‐species‐related PK/PD breakpoint of 8 mg/L. Our study provided valuable insight into PTA outcomes, which, together with individual renal function of future patients and institution‐specific piperacillin susceptibility patterns, may assist physicians when making dosing decisions.
Participatory research in child psychology & psychiatry: Embracing untidiness to break new ground
Authors: MacLeod Andrea , Manitsa Ifigeneia , De Brito Stephane 
Published: December 2024

AbstractWe are pleased to present our Special Issue on Participatory Research. In this editorial, we outline how the disability rights movement has been instrumental to the development of participatory approaches, before giving consideration to some of the debates and criticisms associated with participatory research in practice. We summarise the contributions offered by the studies within this issue and propose four areas of consideration, drawn from the body of included research, to inform future developments.
Use of morselized bone allograft in revision hip arthroplasty for massive acetabular defect: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Cimatti Pietro , Del Piccolo Nicolandrea , Dallari Benedetta , Mazzotta Alessandro , Dallari Dante 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPurposeMany treatment options are available for the revision of large acetabular defects. Debate continues as to which technique is most effective. This meta‐analysis aimed to determine the rates of failure of acetabular bone defects Paprosky type III or American Academy of Orthopaedic types III–IV treated with morselized allograft in association with cemented cup or cementless cup or reinforcement devices.MethodsThe US National Library of Medicine (PubMed/MEDLINE), EMBASE and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews were queried for publications from January 1980 to 1 April 2024 utilizing keywords pertinent to total hip arthroplasty (THA), acetabular impaction bone grafting and revision THA. The main outcome measure was the 9‐year implant failure rate.ResultsThirty‐nine articles were eligible for inclusion in the current study. We found 41 treatment approaches that we grouped into three different treatment options: 1 = morselized allograft and cemented cup (10 studies); 2 =morselized allograft and cementless cup (nine studies); 3 = morselized allograft and device (22 studies). The overall implant failure rate was 2.1% (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.6%–2.8%) at a mean of 9.2 years. There was no significant difference in failure rates between different treatment options (1.6% [95% CI, 0.9%–2.6%]) for morselized allograft and cemented cup; 2.1% (95% CI, 1.4%–3.2%) for morselized allograft and cementless cup; 2.5% (95% CI, 1.7%–3.7%) for morselized allograft and device) between the three different types of treatment (heterogeneity between groups p = 0.351).It was determined that the number one cause of failure was aseptic loosening (80.5%), followed by infection (13.1%) and dislocation (6.4%). THA with reinforcement devices has a higher incidence of infection (3.6 vs. 0.7%, p = 0.001) and dislocation (1.4 vs. 0.6%, p = 0.010) than THA with a cemented cup.ConclusionsThe use of morselized allograft in hip revision of large acetabular defects has low implant failure rates, independently of the associated type of implant. Reinforcement devices increase the risk of re‐revision for infection and dislocation.Level of EvidenceLevel III.
Applying population‐specific incidence prevalence ratio benchmarks to monitor the Australian HIV epidemic: an epidemiological analysis
Authors: King Jonathan M. , McManus Hamish , Gray Richard T. , Nigro Steven J. , Sisnowski Jana , Dobbins Timothy , Bavinton Benjamin R. , Grulich Andrew E. , Petoumenos Kathy , Costello Jane , McGregor Skye 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIntroductionDue to a lack of robust population denominators, Australia is unable to accurately monitor changes in the HIV epidemic for some populations. The ratio of HIV transmission relative to the number of people with HIV (an incidence prevalence ratio, or IPR) can measure such changes. The IPR is measured against an IPR benchmark derived from post‐HIV acquisition life expectancy, to indicate whether an HIV epidemic is shrinking or growing. Using IPRs and Australia‐specific IPR benchmarks, this study aims to describe the Australian HIV epidemic among three groups: men with HIV attributed to male‐to‐male sex, women with HIV and people with HIV attributed to injection drug use.MethodsUsing mathematical modelling derived from HIV notifications, cohort and administrative data, IPRs were generated for each of the three groups. These IPRs were compared with IPR benchmarks derived from post‐HIV acquisition mortality estimates using abridged life tables for men, women and people who inject drugs. The IPR benchmark for men was applied to people with HIV attributed to male‐to‐male sex. Trends in the IPR over time were described for each reported population from 2015 to 2022.ResultsOverall, the IPR fell by 80%, from 0.040 (range: 0.034−0.045) in 2015 to 0.008 (range: 0.003−0.013) in 2022 and fell below the benchmark (0.022) in 2020. Among people with HIV attributed to male‐to‐male sex, the IPR fell by 85%, from 0.041 (range: 0.034−0.047) in 2015 to 0.006 (range: 0.003−0.024) in 2022 and fell below the benchmark (0.022) in 2020. Among women with HIV, the IPR fell by 56%, from 0.032 (range: 0.026−0.039) in 2015 to 0.014 (range: 0.003−0.029) in 2022 and fell below the benchmark (0.022) in 2019. Among people with HIV attributed to injection drug use, the IPR fell by 61%, from 0.036 (range: 0.022−0.047) in 2015 to 0.014 (range: 0.002−0.057) in 2022 and fell below the benchmark (0.028) in 2019.ConclusionsAustralian IPRs in all populations examined have dropped below the level required to sustain the HIV epidemic at current levels. By applying this method in other contexts, the changing scale of HIV epidemics may be better described for populations lacking robust population denominators.
Transforming Trade and Environment: Digital Trade's Impact on Carbon Emissions in the European Union
Authors: Cai Meng 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThe rapid expansion of digital trade is reshaping global economies, offering promising opportunities to mitigate carbon emissions. This study investigates the impact of digital trade on carbon emissions across 27 European Union countries from 2009 to 2023, presenting new insights into the environmental benefits of digital trade. The empirical findings reveal that digital trade significantly reduces emissions by optimizing industrial structure, promoting technological innovation and enhancing human capital. The heterogeneity analysis shows that this reduction effect is more pronounced in Northern, Western and Central Europe, where digital infrastructure and regulatory support may be more robust, and it is also stronger in highly innovative countries compared to less innovative ones. These results underscore the potential of digital trade as a driver of sustainable economic growth, providing valuable insights for policymakers aiming to leverage digitalization to enhance environmental sustainability, align with climate targets and foster a more efficient, low‐carbon economy.
Present Variability and Future Change in Onset and Cessation of the Rainy Season Over Peru
Authors: De la Cruz Gustavo , Huerta Adrian , Espinoza Jhan‐Carlo , Lavado‐Casimiro Waldo 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTChanges in patterns of accumulated rainfall, as well as the rainy season onset, cessation and duration, can impact the availability of water resources and sectors such as agriculture, affecting the livelihoods of the population. The knowledge of these changes is crucial for regions driven by strong precipitation variability such as the Andean countries. Therefore, the aim of this work is to determine the present and future spatio‐temporal patterns of the onset, cessation and duration of the rainy season in Peru. For this purpose, we analysed in a first step the present variability and trends in 11 homogeneous regions using data from 377 ground stations for the period 1981–2019. The results showed significant trends (1981–2019) of earlier onset and increased duration only in the Southern Peruvian Amazon (Madre de Dios River basin). Furthermore, the accumulated rainfall has significant trends of increases in North East Andes, Northern and Southern Amazon. In a second step, we assessed future changes of the rainy season from an ensemble of statistically downscaled CMIP6 climate scenarios. A two‐tailed Student t‐test was used to evaluate the significance of changes. Two future time slices (2031–2060 and 2071–2100) relative to the reference period (1981–2010) were analysed. Future changes of the rainy season showed significant delays in the onset for the Central East Andes, South West Andes and Amazon regions in the period 2071–2100. Likewise, the rainy season duration presents future significant reductions in regions of the central and southern Andes under the SSP2‐4.5 scenario. Moreover, the accumulated precipitation is projected to increase significantly in the Pacific slope and Andes regions, mainly under the SSP5‐8.5 scenario. These findings are particularly important for sectors like agriculture, energy and water resources management.
Dietetic‐led interventions in critically ill adults that influence outcome: A scoping review
Authors: Terblanche Ella , Merriweather Judith , Bharal Mina , Lewis Rhiannon , Wandrag Liesl 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundCritically ill patients face malnutrition risks, making nutrition management challenging. Dietitians play a crucial role in the intensive care unit (ICU) by applying their expertise to address these challenges. This review examines dietitian‐led interventions and their impact on patient outcomes.MethodsA scoping review of MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, EBSCO, Web of Science, and ProQuest databases from January 1995 to July 2023 was conducted. Studies involving dietitian‐led interventions in adult critical care were included. Data extraction followed Joanna Briggs Institute methodology, focusing on study design, population, and interventions.ResultsOf 751 studies, 39 met the inclusion criteria. Most studies were observational, with only three interventional trials. Dietitian‐led interventions included (1) guideline development and implementation, (2) individualized nutrition treatment, and (3) enteral nutrition tube insertion. Outcomes were classified into (1) patient clinical outcomes (ICU stay duration, mechanical ventilation, infections, cost savings, readmissions, mortality, adverse effects, and glycemic control) and (2) nutrition‐related outcomes (nutrition initiation, energy and protein delivery, gastrointestinal tolerance, parenteral nutrition use, and appropriate dietetic referral).ConclusionDietitian‐led interventions improved nutrition outcomes and may have contributed to better clinical outcomes. Future research should prioritize reporting core outcomes, including nutrition status and physical function, to further quantify the effectiveness of dietitians in ICU care and enhance their recognition within the multiprofessional team.
Enabling Strategic Change Toward Resilience: A Systematic Review From a Dynamic Capabilities Perspective
Authors: Joussen Tim P. , Kanbach Dominik K. , Kraus Sascha 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThis study identifies six dynamic capabilities (DCs), which enable corporates' strategic change toward resilience in today's increasingly volatile, uncertain, complex, and ambiguous (VUCA) business environment. In this context, pertinent research has proven DCs' conduciveness for corporates to enhance their levels of resilience. Yet, there remain dispersed definitions of such DCs across research fields and a comprehensive synthesis has been missing. The present study addresses this gap through a systematic literature review of 71 articles published in peer‐reviewed journals. It synthesizes six fundamental DCs and their underlying microfoundations fostering resilience, which are mediated by the corporates' idiosyncratic social capital. Our findings thus contribute to the extant literature by providing a synthesis of relevant DCs into an integrated theoretical framework, answering multiple calls in previous research for a better understanding of the corporate resilience‐building process. By doing so, this study paves the way for future research to investigate the effects of DCs on the sustained competitive advantage of corporates in VUCA environments.
Clinical Outcome Assessments for Spasticity: Review, Critique, and Recommendations
Authors: Gal Ota , Baude Marjolaine , Deltombe Thierry , Esquenazi Alberto , Gracies Jean‐Michel , Hoskovcova Martina , Rodriguez‐Blazquez Carmen , Rosales Raymond , Satkunam Lalith , Wissel Jörg , Mestre Tiago , Sánchez‐Ferro Álvaro , Skorvanek Matej , Tosin Michelle Hyczy de Siqueira , Jech Robert ,   the members of the MDS Clinical Outcome Assessments Scientific Evaluation Committee and MDS Spasticity Study group
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundSpasticity is a common feature in patients with disruptions in corticospinal pathways. However, the term is used ambiguously. Here, spasticity is defined as enhanced velocity‐dependent stretch reflexes and placed within the context of deforming spastic paresis encompassing other forms of muscle overactivity.ObjectiveThis scoping review aims at evaluating the clinimetric quality of clinical outcome assessments (COAs) for spasticity across different pathologies and to make recommendations for their use.MethodsA literature search was conducted to identify COAs used to assess spasticity. An international expert panel evaluated the measurement properties in the included COAs. Recommendations were based on the MDS‐COA program methodology based on three criteria: if the COA was (1) applied to patients with spastic paresis, (2) used by others beyond the developers, and (3) determined to be reliable, valid, and sensitive to change in patients with spasticity.ResultsWe identified 72 COAs of which 17 clinician‐reported outcomes (ClinROs) and 6 patient‐reported outcomes (PROs) were reviewed. The Tardieu Scale was the only ClinRO recommended for assessing spasticity. One ClinRO—Composite Spasticity Index—and two PROs—Spasticity 0–10 Numeric Rating Scale and 88‐Item Multiple Sclerosis Spasticity Scale—were recommended with caveats. The Ashworth‐derived COAs were excluded after evaluation due to their focus on muscle tone rather than spasticity, as defined in this review.ConclusionsThe Tardieu Scale is recommended for assessing spasticity, and two PROs are recommended with caveats. Consistent terminology about the various types of muscle overactivity is necessary to facilitate their assessment and treatment. © 2024 The Author(s). Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.