bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationship among Breastfeeding Exposure, Knowledge, and Attitudes in Collegiate Males Residing in East Texas
Authors: Heathman Leslie , Douglas Crystal Clark , Camel Simone P. 
Published: December 2018

Background: Researchers exploring breastfeeding attitudes and knowledge among women suggest the decision to breastfeed is influenced by the male partner, yet few studies address males. Because collegiate males will soon enter fatherhood, assessment of their attitudes and knowledge may inform interventions aimed at increasing intention to breastfeed. Research aim: This study aimed to describe collegiate males’ exposure to, attitude toward, and knowledge about breastfeeding. Methods: A cross-sectional online survey was used with males ≥ 18 years of age enrolled at a Texas public university. Attitude indices measured included social limitations, public displays of breastfeeding, and employer accommodations. Descriptive statistics, correlational and regression analyses were employed. Results: The participants’ ( N = 949) average age was 25.48 years; > 80% reported not being fathers. Exposure to breastfeeding was high; > 80% witnessed breastfeeding and/or had someone close breastfeed. High attitude scores indicated social acceptability of breastfeeding. Knowledge appeared limited: only 16% identified the recommendation of exclusive breastfeeding for the first 6 months of life; > 50% overlooked the reduced risk for overweight/obesity, ear infections, diarrhea, or food allergies. Correlations between knowledge, exposure, total attitude, and index scores were positive ( p < .01) except for the public displays index. Stepwise multiple regression determined that breastfeeding exposure, knowledge scores, and father’s educational level predicted total attitude score, ( R2 = 0.13, F (3,851) = 44.02, p < .01). Conclusion: The positive attitudes outcome among this male population is promising for breastfeeding support and advocacy. Education efforts improving knowledge will likely increase behavioral intention, resulting in increased breastfeeding rates and duration.
Communicating Risks of Adjuvant Chemotherapy for Breast Cancer: Getting Beyond the Laundry List
Authors: Brauer Eden R. , Long Elisa F. , Melnikow Joy , Ravdin Peter M. , Ganz Patricia A. 
Published: December 2018

PURPOSE: According to the Institute of Medicine, high-quality cancer care should include effective communication between clinicians and patients about the risks and benefits, expected response, and impact on quality of life of a recommended therapy. In the delivery of oncology care, the barriers to and facilitators of communication about potential long-term and late effects, post-treatment expectations, and transition to survivorship care have not been fully defined. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We collected qualitative data through semistructured interviews with medical oncologists and focus groups with breast cancer survivors and applied the Theoretical Domains Framework to systematically analyze and identify the factors that may influence oncologists’ communication with patients with breast cancer about the long-term and late effects of adjuvant therapy. RESULTS: Eight key informant interviews with medical oncologists and two focus groups with breast cancer survivors provided data. Both oncologists and patients perceived information on long-term effects as valuable in terms of improved clinical communication but had concerns about the feasibility of inclusion before treatment. They described the current approaches to communication of therapy risks as a brief laundry list that emphasized acute adverse effects and minimized more long-term issues. We describe the barriers to communication about potential long-term effects from the perspectives of both groups. CONCLUSION: This study provides insight into oncologists’ communication with patients with breast cancer regarding the potential long-term and late effects of adjuvant chemotherapy and about setting realistic expectations for life after treatment. Opportunities to improve oncologists’ communication about the potential toxicities of therapy, particularly regarding long-term and late effects, should be examined further.
C-Rich Sequence in a Non-Template DNA Strand Regulates Structure Change of G-Quadruplex in a Template Strand during Transcription
Authors: Teng Ye , Tateishi-Karimata Hisae , Sugimoto Naoki 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
To understand the mechanism for formation of non-canonical nucleic acid structures, especially G-quadruplexes, is important for gene expression because the G-quadruplexes inhibit efficiently biological reactions. In this study, we utilized a fluorescent G-quadruplex ligand to quantitatively monitor G-quadruplex formation and dissociation in six different G-rich templates during transcription. Interestingly, increased and decreased G-quadruplex formation were observed depending on the sequence contexts. The formation of G-quadruplex was related to stabilization of the G-quadruplex after unwinding of the templates by the surrounding environment, while dissociation of the G-quadruplex was related to the potential triplet structures formed between C-rich sequences in the non-template strand and G-rich sequences in the template strand. The interaction between the template and non-template strand plays an important role in regulating G-quadruplex formation and dissociation in the template strand, which affects gene expression.
Dynamic Water Nanotube Cluster Stabilized in Molecule-Based Hydrophilic Nanoporous Crystal with New Organic Spacers
Authors: Ohata Yuki , Kouchi Takaya , Sugaya Tomoaki , Kamebuchi Hajime , Tadokoro Makoto 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
This study investigated the structure and phase transition behaviour of a dynamic water nanotube cluster (WNT) confined within hydrophilic 1D nanochannels. We demonstrated that the WNT has a three-layered hydrate structure stabilized by hydrogen bonds with carboxylate groups in the outer channel walls. Moreover, it exhibits a pre-melting state that was attributed to the presence of metastable structures. Interestingly, the dynamic WNT structure was maintained even in the melting state because the multi-layered water cluster was stabilized in the hydrophilic nanoporous channel. To our knowledge, such a dynamic three-layered WNT structure is unique and rare because most WNTs are regarded as disordered water clusters. Therefore, we constructed another dynamic WNT using [RuIII(H2bim)3]3+ (H2bim = 2,2′-biimidazole) and a new organic spacer, 1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-tricarboxylate (TATC3−). The dynamic WNT cluster has been identified for the crystal structure and heat properties.
Does fitness enhance learning/academic performance?
Authors: Górska Paulina , Krzysztoszek Jana , Korcz Agata , Bronikowski Michał 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
The interest in the relationship between physical fitness and academic performance is still considerable. However, more ad­vanced research is required to better understand this relationship. Therefore, the purpose of the current review is to describe the state of knowledge of the relationship between physical fitness and academic performance. Furthermore, this relationship is explored with reference to five components of physical fitness, asking which ones have the most beneficial effect on maintain­ing and improving learning outcomes. In this review, we emphasize studies that advance the understanding of this issue, which is still incomplete. These studies offer hope of deeper understanding of the type of selected physical fitness components and their impact on academic performance. Further research into the association between components of physical fitness such as flexibility, strength and endurance of muscles and academic performance in children, while controlling for important covari­ates, is needed.
A pilot study for establishing quality indicators in molecular diagnostics according to the IFCC WG-LEPS initiative: preliminary findings in China
Authors: Zhou Rui , Wei Yali , Sciacovelli Laura , Plebani Mario , Wang Qingtao 
Published: December 2018

Abstract

Background
Quality indicators (QIs) are crucial tools in measuring the quality of laboratory services. Based on the general QIs of the Working Group “Laboratory Errors and Patient Safety (WG-LEPS)” of the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (IFCC), specific QIs have been established in order to monitor and improve the quality of molecular diagnostics, and to assess the detection level of associated disease.

Methods
A survey was conducted on 46 independent commercial laboratories in China, investigated using questionnaires and on-site inspections. Specific QIs established were mainly based on the specific laboratory work-flow for molecular diagnoses. The specific QI results from three volunteer laboratories were collected and used to validate their effectiveness.

Results
Of the 46 laboratories participating in the study, 44 (95.7%), conducted molecular diagnostics. Of 13 specific established QIs, six were priority level 1, and seven, priority level 3. At pre-evaluation of data from the three volunteering laboratories, it was found that the newly classified specific QIs had outstanding advantages in error identification and risk reduction.

Conclusions
Novel specific QIs, a promising tool for monitoring and improving upon the total testing process in molecular diagnostics, can effectively contribute to ensuring patient safety.
Managing corrosion in desalination plants
Authors: Schorr Michael , Valdez Benjamín , Eliezer Amir , Salinas Ricardo , Lora Carlos 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Environment quality, clean energy and worldwide water scarcity have been established today as central disciplines in modern science, engineering and technology. The innovative desalination technology of saline water (SW) contributes to alleviate these problems by producing fresh water from SW, mainly seawater and brackish water. Desalination plants (DPs) have a high level of corrosion risk as they handle and process aggressive SW under severe operating conditions, which include filtration, heat exchange, distillation, evaporation, agitation and circulation and high flow velocities, often turbulent. These SW, that is, sea, brackish and brines, cause localized corrosion such as pitting, crevice, galvanic and stress corrosion. In addition, biological fouling and mineral scaling are frequent nuisances that alter the equipment surface performance and induce corrosion. Two main technologies are used to obtain potable water and a brine for disposal: thermal evaporation and membrane separation, called reverse osmosis. The main way to minimize corrosion is the correct selection of corrosion-resistant materials for the fabrication of DP equipment, structures, installations and machinery. To protect the DP materials, industrial paints, polymeric coatings and rubber linings compatible with the DP fluids are applied. Cathodic protection with sacrificial anodic metals and/or impressed direct electrical current and corrosion inhibitors are supplied.
Effects of B on the Hot Ductility of Fe-36Ni Invar Alloy
Authors: Zheng Yaxu , Wang Fuming , Li Changrong , Yang Zhanbing , He Yutian 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
This work conducted systematic studies on the effect of B on the hot ductility behavior of Fe-36Ni alloy over the temperature range of 900–1,200 °C by use of Gleeble-3500 thermal simulator, Thermo-Calc software, transmission electron microscopy and secondary ion mass spectroscopy. The influencing factors and mechanisms are also discussed in the present work. Results show that all the values of area reduction of the investigated alloy samples are below 60 % in the temperature range of 900–1,000 °C, indicating the poor hot ductility of the investigated alloys in this temperature range. When the grain boundary sliding occurs during the hot tensile processes, the fine secondary phase particles at grain boundaries prevent the occurrence of dynamic recrystallization and promote the nucleation and propagation of cracking simultaneously, resulting in the poor hot ductility of the investigated alloys in this temperature range. In the B bearing alloy, the segregation of B atoms around austenite grain boundaries promotes the solute dragging effects at grain boundaries and strongly inhibits the occurrence of dynamic recrystallization, which increases the brittle temperature to 1,000 °C. When the temperature exceeds 1,050 °C, the occurrence of dynamic recrystallization improves the hot ductility significantly. However, the coarsening of recrystallized grains and the formation of inter dendritic cracks decrease the hot ductility of the alloy gradually when the temperature increases from 1,100 °C to 1,200 °C.
Characterization of proteins in cultural heritage using MALDI–TOF and LC–MS/MS mass spectrometric techniques
Authors: Kuckova Stepanka , Cejnar Pavel , Santrucek Jiri , Hynek Radovan 
Published: December 2018

AbstractIdentification of proteinaceous materials in artworks is of high interest to restorers-conservators, art historians and archaeologists, because it helps to shed light on the used painting techniques, to attribute unknown artworks, to make conclusions on prehistoric diets, etc. The chapter is devoted to the mass spectrometry instrumentation, evaluation of obtained data and it is showing several examples of the application of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization–time-of-flight and liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization–quadrupole–time-of-flight mass spectrometers on cultural heritage samples.
Die ökonomischen Kosten der fortbestehenden russischen Aggression gegen die Ukraine
Authors: Åslund Anders 
Published: December 2018

Kurzfassung
Die Ukraine hat massive wirtschaftliche Verluste infolge der russischen Annexion der Krim im März 2014 und der militärischen Aggression gegen die östlichen Regionen Luhansk und Donetsk erleiden müssen. Während Russland auf der Krim einigermaßen funktionierende staatliche Strukturen eingeführt hat, ist die besetzte Donbass Region ein gesetzloses Dreckloch, aus dem mittlerweile die Hälfte der Bevölkerung geflohen ist. Russische Staatsbürger haben die Region geplündert und Unternehmen, Gebäude und Infrastruktur zerstört. Russische Handelssanktionen haben etwa 80 Prozent des Handels zwischen beiden Staaten eliminiert. Die Donbass-Region trug mit etwa 10 Prozent zum Bruttoinlandsprodukt der Ukraine bei, die Krim mit etwa 3,7 %. Wenn man von der Faustformel ausgeht, dass der Wert einer Region ungefähr dem Vierfachen des jährlichen Bruttoinlandsprodukts entspricht, so kann man den materiellen Verlust, der der Ukraine durch die russischen Aggressionen entstanden ist, bei etwa 98,4 Milliarden US Dollar ansetzen.
An average structure model of the intermediate phase between sodalite and cancrinite
Authors: Petersen Hilke , Zhao Haishuang , Robben Lars , Kolb Ute , Gesing Thorsten M. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Powder samples of the intermediate phase between sodalite and cancrinite (INT) have been synthesized hydrothermally. The formation of the INT phase was proved by both PXRD and TGA analysis and its stoichiometric composition was found to be |Na6.95(1)(CO3)0.48(2) (H2O)6.18(6)|[AlSiO4]6. The comparison of the intensity ratios of PXRD data with a SCXRD measurement indicates the formation of a comparable phase with the typical strong stacking disorder. The hexagonal lattice parameters with a=1266.3(2) pm and c=1586(1) pm and the unit cell setting were determined by Pawley fits. The average lattice and the stacking disorder along c axis could be confirmed by the reconstruction of three-dimensional ADT data. The average structure of INT was modeled considering only the combination of naturally existing (zeolitic) cages, restricted by the actual number of layers per unit cell. The possible combinations were further reduced by considering the amount of incorporated species. Through the comparison of simulated electron diffraction pattern to measured data the modeled framework could be confirmed. Using relative positions of the incorporated species in the natural cages as well as electron densities calculated by using only the framework of INT the positions of these species could be described.
A Full Analysis Including Both the Static and Dynamic Factors for the Thermal Shift of 7
D
0 ⟶ 5
F
0 Fluorescence Line in SrB4O7:Sm2+Crystal
Authors: Wu Xiao-Xuan , Cheng Min 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
A complete formula consisting of the static factor stemming from lattice thermal expansion and the dynamic factor owing to electron-phonon interaction is employed to investigate the thermal shift at near and higher than room temperature for the 7
D0⟶5F0
fluorescence line in strontium tetraborate (SrB4O7):Sm2+ crystal. The static factor is gained in terms of the pressure dependence of the fluorescence line. With the aid of an approximate processing, the static parameter A (characterising the static factor) and the electron-phonon coupling parameter α
’ (characterising the dynamic factor) are estimated even if there is no observed thermal shift curve from low temperature (<30 K) to near and higher than room temperature. The static factor and dynamic one in SrB4O7:Sm2+ crystal give rise to the thermal blue shift and red shift, respectively, and the total or observed thermal shift is due to the emulation between the two factors. The static factor in shift direction is contrary to and in magnitude is slightly greater than the dynamic one for the 7
D0⟶5F0
line in SrB4O7:Sm2+ crystal. Thus, the observed very small thermal blue shift (which is not explained up to now) for the studied line in SrB4O7:Sm2+ crystal is rationally explained.
Solubility and Solution Thermodynamics of Baricitinib in Six Different Pharmaceutically Used Solvents at Different Temperatures
Authors: Alshetaili Abdullah S. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
The preset study was undertaken to determine solubility and solution thermodynamics of a novel anticancer drug baricitinib in some pharmaceutically used mono/pure solvents including “water, ethanol, polyethylene glycol-400 (PEG-400), ethyl acetate (EA), dichloromethane (DCM) and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)” at “T = 298.2 K to 323.2 K” and “p = 0.1 MPa”. The solubility of baricitinib after equilibrium (saturation state) was analyzed spectrophotometrically by applying an isothermal technique. Characterization of solid phases of initial and equilibrated baricitinib was confirmed with the help of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Measured solubilities of baricitinib were regressed using “van’t Hoff and Apelblat models”. DSC spectra of baricitinib showed no change in physical state of baricitinib after equilibrium. Solubilities of baricitinib (as mole fraction) were estimated highest in DMSO (1.65 × 10−1) followed by PEG-400 (1.42 × 10−1), DCM (1.29 × 10−3), ethanol (7.41 × 10−4), EA (4.74 × 10−4) and water (1.76 × 10−4) at “T = 323.2 K” and same tendencies were also noted at other temperatures studied. With the help of theoretical solubilities of baricitinib, activity coefficients were estimated. The estimated data of activity coefficients indicated higher molecular interactions in baricitinib-DMSO and baricitinib-PEG-400 as compared with baricitinib-water, baricitinib-EA, baricitinib-DCM and baricitinib-ethanol. Thermodynamic treatment of solubility values of baricitinib showed “endothermic and entropy-driven dissolution” of baricitinib in all pharmaceutically used solvents evaluated.
DION, Robert. Des fictions sans fiction ou le partage du réel. Montréal : Les Presses de l´Université de Montréal, 2018. Collection Espace Littéraire. 222p.
Authors: Bernd Zilá 
Published: December 2018

O texto resenha a obra DION, Robert. Des fictions sans fiction ou le partage du réel. Montréal : Les Presses de l´Université de Montréal, 2018. Collection Espace Littéraire. 222p.
Die „Tokenisierung“ von Rechtspositionen als digitale Verbriefung
Authors: Koch Philipp 
Published: December 2018

Zusammenfassung
Digitale Einheiten auf der Grundlage der Blockchain-Technologie sind derzeit in aller Munde. Manche dieser Einheiten wie ihr prominentester Verterter, der Bitcoin, fungieren als private virtuelle Währung. Andere, die sog. Tokens, sollen dazu dienen, den Handel mit bestimmten Rechtspositionen, die in diesen Tokens repräsentiert werden, zu erleichtern. Der nachfolgende Beitrag klärt zunächst die technologischen und begrifflichen Grundlagen und entwickelt darauf aufbauend das Konzept der digitalen Verbriefung.
Az orvos–beteg kommunikáció új lehetőségei – a betegek elvárásai alapján
Authors: Molnár Regina , Sági Zoltán , Fejes Zsuzsanna , Törőcsik Kálmán , Köves Béla , Paulik Edit 
Published: December 2018

Abstract: Introduction: Nowadays doctor–patient consultation is not limited to personal appointments, there are new technical possibilities to keep contact. Aim: The aim of our study was to examine the way in which the doctor and patient interact with each other between two personal consultations and how the patients would like to reach their physicians when needed. Method: Questionnaire survey was done among waiting patients in an outpatient clinic in Budapest. The questionnaire was based on the following groups of questions: habits of visiting a doctor, the methods of communication with a specialist, use of technical tools and socio-demographic data. Statistical analysis: Simple descriptive analysis, chi-square test and binary logistic regression were used. Results: The participants (260 persons) were in 36.2% male and in 63.8% female. One out of four patients did not contact the doctor between two personal consultations. The rest of the patients contacted the nurse by phone or their doctors on their mobile even as per different socio-demographic groups but without a significant difference in between those. Two thirds of the patients would like to have more face to face appointments with their doctor, half of them would like to keep contact by e-mail, and one out of three would call the doctor on mobile phone as far as possible. More men need personal consultations dominantly and in smaller proportion divorced, widowed and patients with vocational education. Half of the patients would like to e-mail their doctor, especially the younger and higher educated people. Conclusion: Patients’ consultation preferences differ by socio-demographic groups. Reestablishing conditions by taking all of our results into account, the efficiency of outpatient-clinics could be increased. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(50): 2136–2143.
Fiatalkori idiopathiás scoliosis műtéti korrekciójának hatása az állkapocs mozgástartományára
Authors: Benke Beáta , Marada Gyula , Tunyogi Csapó Miklós , Than Péter , Radnai Márta 
Published: December 2018

Abstract: From an anatomic and functional point of view, the stomatognathic system and the upper cervical spine are closely connected. Together with the complex neuromuscular relationships, this generates an important field of cooperation between dentists and orthopedics. The aim of this case report was to demonstrate the improvements of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) function after orthopedic surgery in case of a patient with idiopathic scoliosis. A 15-year-old female patient who had adolescent idiopathic scoliosis was surgically treated in 2016. Functional analyses of the TMJ were performed before the day of the operation and 10 months after the surgery. For detection, an ultrasound-based testing machine was used. The analyses of the data showed that almost all ranges of motions (ROM) were improved. The deviation to the right side was reduced from 8 mm to 2 mm during mouth opening. The patient had limited left lateral movement before the operation, however, after 10 months following the operation, there were free motions towards both sides. The originally asymmetrical protrusion became almost completely symmetrical. Regarding the functions of the TMJ, the surgery was successful; this in itself had a beneficial effect on the range and the path of the mandibular movements without any other treatment. These improved functions are indirect evidences for the connection of the function of the spine and TMJ. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(50): 2144–2149.