bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative chemical study and antimicrobial activity of essential oils of three Artemisia species from Egypt and Saudi Arabia
Authors: Amin Sahar M. , Hassan Hossam M. , El Gendy Abd El‐Nasser G. , El‐Beih Ahmed A. , Mohamed Tarik A. , Elshamy Abdelsamed I. , Bader Ammar , Shams Khaled A. , Mohammed Rabab , Hegazy Mohamed‐Elamir F. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe chemical composition of essential oils (EOs) distilled from three wild Artemisia species, Artemisia herba‐alba, Artemisia judaica, and Artemisia monosperma, collected from Egypt, and Saudi Arabia, were analysed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC‐MS). The antibacterial activities of the EOs for all species were determined using the Agar disc diffusion method. The yield of the EOs ranged from 0.16 to 0.49%. The results showed that A. monosperma plants growing in Saudi Arabia gave the highest yield, compared with A. herba‐alba, A. judaica, and A. monosperma collected from Egypt. In total, 92 volatile compounds were identified from the aerial parts of the plants using GC‐MS. Oxygenated monoterpenes were the major class in A. herba‐alba (75.31%) and A. judaica (83.07%), whereas monoterpene hydrocarbons were the major representative group in A. monosperma collected from both Saudi Arabia (34.23%) and Egypt (36.23%). Yomogi alcohol (22.4%), artemesia alcohol (9.91%), and 1,8‐cineole (9.68%) were the major components of the EO of A. herba‐alba, whereas camphor (31.4%), piperitone (29.9%), and endo‐borneol (5.72%) were characterized as the main compounds in A. judaica. β‐Vinylnaphthalene (24.89%), β‐eudesmol (15.41%), and β‐pinene (20.67%) represented the main components of the EO of Saudi Arabian A. monosperma, but β‐pinene (11.89%), (–)‐spathulenol (8.84%), p‐cymene (8.83%), and shyobunone (7.05%) were the major components of the EO of Egyptian A. monosperma. Herein, a comparative analysis between the EOs of Egyptian Artemisia and those collected from Saudi Arabia was performed with principal components analysis (PCA) and agglomerative hierarchical clustering (AHC). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values ranged from 0.5 to2.5 μL per disc against different microorganisms. Artemisia judaica and A. monosperma (Saudi Arabia) plants had the highest MICs and A. monosperma (Egypt) had the lowest MIC, which may indicate different compositions as a result of climatic variation.
An unintended consequence of provider payment reform: The case of capitation grants in the National Health Insurance reform of Indonesia
Authors: Tan Si Ying , Qian Jiwei 
Published: August 2019

SummaryOne of the most important components of the ambitious 2014 National Health Insurance reform in Indonesia is the implementation of prospective payment system known as capitation grants, paid monthly to the primary health providers based on the enrolment rate. This has ushered in additional financial resources for the health managers in resource allocations, especially in the hiring of manpower. Drawing data from the Indonesia Family Life Survey (1993‐2015), this paper uses difference‐in‐differences method to evaluate the effects of the payment method reform on the allocation of human resources for health among the primary health providers. To our surprise, there was no statistically significant change in the total number of full‐time staff among the capitated facilities after the reform. However, capitation grants caused an increase in the number of full‐time equivalent and part‐time equivalent contract staff, but a significant decline in the number of full‐time permanent staff among the urban capitated facilities. It is likely that more contract health workers were hired at the expense of full‐time permanent staff among the capitated facilities in the urban regions. This unintended consequence shed light on the need to develop nuanced and contextual understanding of payment reforms in developing countries.
Comprehensive measurement of health system performance at district level in India: Generation of a composite index
Authors: Sharma Atul , Prinja Shankar , Aggarwal Arun Kumar 
Published: August 2019

SummaryThere have been limited attempts at measurement of health system performance at decentralized levels in low‐ and middle‐income countries. This study was undertaken to develop a composite indicator to measure health system performance at district level in India. Primary data were collected from 377 public health facilities in 21 districts of Haryana state in India using health facility surveys. In addition, 1700 health care providers and 800 clients visiting health facilities were interviewed. Routine health management information system data at district and state level were also analyzed. These data were used for computing 67 input and process indicators covering six health system building blocks. Indicators were normalized and aggregated to generate domain‐specific and overall composite health system performance index (HSPI) for each district. Several sensitivity analyses were performed to assess robustness of results. Overall, Panchkula and Ambala districts were found to be the best performing in the state (with HSPI scores of 0.64 and 0.62 out of 1), while Mewat, Faridabad, and Palwal districts had the poorest performance (with HSPI scores of 0.46, 0.49, and 0.48 out of 1). Significant variation in performance was observed for each health system building block. Sensitivity analyses results showed that study findings were robust to variations in methods of aggregation of indicators. Our study provides a framework and methods to measure health system performance at district level in a comprehensive manner. The composite indicator provides a summary snapshot to benchmark performance, while building block and domain scores provide critical information for programmatic action.
Effects of long‐term intermittent versus chronic calorie restriction on oxidative stress in a mouse cancer model
Authors: Cicekdal Munevver B. , Tuna Bilge G. , Charehsaz Mohammad , Cleary Margot P. , Aydin Ahmet , Dogan Soner 
Published: August 2019

AbstractCalorie restriction (CR) is one of the most effective methods to prevent many diseases including cancer in preclinical models. However, the molecular mechanism of how CR prevents cancer is unclear. The aim of this study was to understand the role of oxidative stress (OS) in the preventive effects of different types of CR in aging mouse mammary tumor virus‐transforming growth factor‐alpha (MMTV‐TGF‐α) female mice. Mice were enrolled in ad libitum (AL), chronic CR (CCR, 15% CR) or intermittent CR [ICR, 3 weeks AL (ICR‐Refeed, ICR‐RF) and 1 week 60% CR (ICR‐Restriction, ICR‐R) in cyclic periods] groups started at the age of 10 weeks and continued until 81/82 weeks of age. Blood samples were collected to measure malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels. There was no significant difference for MDA levels among the dietary groups although the chronic calorie restriction (CCR) group had lower MDA levels compared to intermittent calorie restriction (ICR) and AL group at different time points. There was also no change in MDA levels of CCR group with aging. On the other hand, the CCR group had higher CAT and SOD activity compared to ICR‐R, ICR‐RF, and AL groups. Moreover, GSH level was higher in CCR compared to ICR group at week 49/50 (p < .05). CAT and SOD activities were also positively correlated (p < .05). Here, for the first time, the long‐term (72 weeks) effects of different types of CR on OS parameters were reported. In conclusion, moderate that is, 15%, CCR is more likely to be protective compared to the same overall calorie deficit implemented by ICR against OS that may play role in the preventive effects of CR.
An automatic diagnostic system of coronary artery lesions in Kawasaki disease using intravascular optical coherence tomography imaging
Authors: Abdolmanafi Atefeh , Cheriet Farida , Duong Luc , Ibrahim Ragui , Dahdah Nagib 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIntravascular optical coherence tomography (IV‐OCT) is a light‐based imaging modality with high resolution, which employs near‐infrared light to provide tomographic intracoronary images. Morbidity caused by coronary heart disease is a substantial cause of acute coronary syndrome and sudden cardiac death. The most common intracoronay complications caused by coronary artery disease are intimal hyperplasia, calcification, fibrosis, neovascularization and macrophage accumulation, which require efficient prevention strategies. OCT can provide discriminative information of the intracoronary tissues, which can be used to train a robust fully automatic tissue characterization model based on deep learning. In this study, we aimed to design a diagnostic model of coronary artery lesions. Particularly, we trained a random forest using convolutional neural network features to distinguish between normal and diseased arterial wall structure. Then, based on the arterial wall structure, fully convolutional network is designed to extract the tissue layers in normal cases, and pathological tissues regardless of lesion type in pathological cases. Then, the type of the lesions can be characterized with high precision using our previous model. The results demonstrate the robustness of the model with the approximate overall accuracy up to 90%.
Unmet mental health and substance use treatment needs among older homeless adults: Results from the HOPE HOME Study
Authors: Kaplan Lauren M. , Vella Lea , Cabral Elise , Tieu Lina , Ponath Claudia , Guzman David , Kushel Margot B. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAimsTo examine the prevalence of and factors associated with unmet need for mental health and substance use treatment in older homeless adults.MethodsAmong 350 homeless adults aged ≥50, we examined prevalence of mental health and substance use problems and treatment. Using logistic regression, we examined factors associated with unmet treatment need.ResultsAmong those with a mental health problem, being aged ≥65 was associated with an increased odds, while having a regular healthcare provider and case manager were associated with a decreased odds of having unmet need for mental health treatment. A first homelessness episode at age ≥50 was associated with increased, while spending time in jail/prison or having a case manager was associated with decreased odds of unmet needs for substance use treatment.ConclusionOlder homeless adults have a high prevalence of unmet behavioral health treatment need. There is a need for targeted services for this population.
Improvable models as scaffolds for promoting productive disciplinary engagement in an engineering design activity
Authors: Dasgupta Chandan 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundThere is a need to find ways of productively engaging K‐12 students with engineering design. I investigate a new class of physical models, referred to as Improvable Models, as scaffolds for helping middle school students productively engage in engineering design practices.Purpose/HypothesisThe purpose of this study is to answer two questions: (a) How do students use Improvable Models? and (b) How does the use of Improvable Models as scaffolds support students' design of engineering solutions?Design/MethodDesign‐based research was conducted in a sixth‐grade classroom. Students used a type of Improvable Model, specifically the Suboptimal System (SS) seed model. Improvable Models make the entire design space accessible and enable iterative design optimization. An SS seed model represents inefficient design decisions and is used as an initiator for iterative design optimization. The study spanned 10 lessons, each 45 min long, totaling 8 days of instructional activity spread across 1 month. Data sources included student conversations, design work, and presentations. The productive disciplinary engagement framework was used to analyze the data.ResultsStudents used the seed model for productively engaging with five disciplinary practices: decomposing the design challenge into individual design parameters, considering the relationship between design parameters, reasoning through multiple design parameters and making trade‐offs, weighing multiple solutions, and using design heuristics for ideation and design optimization. The seed model scaffolded students' productive engagement in various disciplinary practices such as informed decision‐making and systematic exploration.ConclusionThis study provides an approach for designing learning environments for productively engaging K‐12 students in engineering design practices using a suboptimal model.
Performance of fracture risk assessment tool in HIV‐positive male individuals aged ≥45 years on suppressive antiretroviral therapy
Authors: Tsai Mao‐Song , Zhang Jun‐Yu , Sun Hsin‐Yun , Liu Wen‐Chun , Wu Pei‐Ying , Yang Chia‐Jui , Hung Chien‐Ching 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIntroductionAn age‐specific evaluation and management algorithm for reduced bone mineral density (BMD) is suggested for HIV‐positive patients without major risk factors. Whether combination of BMD and the Fracture Risk Assessment Tool (FRAX) may detect more individuals for therapeutic interventions remains unclear. We aimed to determine the prevalence of middle‐aged or older HIV‐positive males fitting the criteria of therapeutic interventions with different approaches.MethodsFrom July 2016 to February 2018, HIV‐positive male patients aged ≥45 years receiving suppressive antiretroviral therapy were recruited in a cross‐sectional study, at two designated hospitals for HIV care in northern Taiwan. Patients with malignancy, AIDS, pre‐existing bone disease or immobilization were excluded. Information on clinical and demographic characteristics, FRAX questionnaire, activity questionnaire, BMD and serum 25(OH)D was obtained. FRAX scores combined with BMD (FRAX/BMD) and without BMD (FRAX) were calculated. The data were analysed on the basis of major risk factors for fragility fracture and age stratification, FRAX score and BMD results respectively.ResultsWe enrolled 330 patients with a mean age of 51.6 years and CD4 610 cells/μL, in whom 98.1% (n = 324) underwent BMD assessment of one site or more. By FRAX, 6.7% (n = 22) reached treatment thresholds (10‐year risk of major osteoporotic fracture ≥20% and/or hip fracture ≥3%). The prevalence of osteopenia (−2.5 <T‐score <−1) and osteoporosis (T‐score ≤−2.5) was 50.3% and 10.8% respectively. Compared with FRAX, FRAX/BMD identified 17.4% (95% CI 12.0% to 22.8%) more individuals who reached treatment thresholds (24.1% vs. 6.7%); even in the low‐risk group (without major risks for fragility fracture, 45 to 49 years, n = 129), FRAX/BMD identified 12.6% (95% CI 7.9% to 19.7%) more candidates (12.6% vs. 0%). Patients with BMI<22 kg/m2 (adjusted OR (aOR) 2.86, 95% CI 1.62 to 5.05) and aged ≥50 years (aOR 3.57, 95% CI 1.92 to 6.66) were more likely not to be identified as requiring treatment by FRAX but would be identified as requiring treatment by FRAX/BMD. The sensitivity and specificity of FRAX to detect candidates for interventions was 18.2% (95% CI 10.3% to 28.6%) and 97.9% (95% CI 95.2% to 99.3%) respectively.ConclusionsWith FRAX as a screening approach among HIV‐positive male patients aged ≥45 years, addition of BMD assessment may detect more candidates for therapeutic management.
Born and raised to be a fraudster
Authors: Brody Richard G. , Knight Ryan C. , Nunez Jessica N. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAlthough a great deal of research has focussed on and continues to focus on fraud prevention and detection, there is still no reliable way to predict who will become a white‐collar criminal/fraudster. Significant benefits would result if and when this can be done. This paper recognizes that there are many common characteristics that exist among fraudsters and investigates whether fraud can be predicted based on the psychological, sociological, and environmental state of children throughout their upbringing. Research shows that children with a negative childhood develop negative habits, emotions, and mentalities, including disorders that can linger well into their adult lives. These negative characteristics can ruin relationships and possibly even influence an individual to commit fraud. This paper provides initial evidence regarding the potential significance of some childhood characteristics that may contribute to the likelihood that someone will become a white‐collar criminal. Given that no other similar research exists, this paper may help guide future researchers who are also attempting to solve this complex problem.
CCL2 But Not CCR2 Is Required for Spontaneous Articular Cartilage Regeneration Post‐Injury
Authors: Jablonski Christina L. , Leonard Catherine , Salo Paul , Krawetz Roman J. 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTThe role of the inflammatory response in articular cartilage degeneration and/or repair is often debated. Chemokine networks play a critical role in directing the recruitment of immune cells to sites of injury and have been shown to regulate cell behavior. In this study, we investigated the role of the CCL2/CCR2 signaling axis in cartilage regeneration and degeneration. CCL2−/−, CCR2−/−, CCL2−/−CCR2−/−, and control (C57) mice were subjected to full‐thickness cartilage defect (FTCD) injuries (n = 9/group) within the femoral groove. Cartilage regeneration at 4 and 12 weeks post‐FTCD was assessed using a 14‐point histological scoring scale. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) (Sca‐1+, CD140a+), macrophages (M1:CD38+, M2:CD206+, and M0:F4/80+) and proliferating cells (Ki67+) were quantified within joints using immunofluorescence. The multi‐lineage differentiation capacity of Sca1+ MSCs was determined for all mouse strains. ACL transection (ACL‐x) was employed to determine if CCL2−/−CCR2−/− mice were protected against osteoarthritis (OA) (n  = 6/group). Absence of CCR2, but not CCL2 nor both (CCL2 and CCR2), enhanced spontaneous articular cartilage regeneration by 4 weeks post‐FTCD. Furthermore, increased chondrogenesis was observed in MSCs derived from CCR2−/− mice. CCL2 deficiency promoted MSC homing to the adjacent synovium and FTCD at both 4 and 12 weeks post‐injury; with no MSCs present at the surface of the FTCD in the remaining strains. Lower OA scores were observed in CCL2−/−CCR2−/− mice at 12 weeks post‐ACL‐x compared with C57 mice. Our findings demonstrate an inhibitory role for CCR2 in cartilage regeneration after injury, while CCL2 is required for regeneration, acting through a CCR2 independent mechanism. © 2019 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 37:2561–2574, 2019
Osteoarthritic Milieu Affects Adipose‐Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells
Authors: Manferdini Cristina , Paolella Francesca , Gabusi Elena , Cattini Luca , Rojewski Markus , Schrezenmeier Hubert , Addimanda Olga , Meliconi Riccardo , Lisignoli Gina 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTThe objective of this study was to define the effects of osteoarthritic (OA) milieu on good manufactured practice‐adipose‐derived mesenchymal stromal cells (GMP‐ASC) that are commonly utilized in cell therapies. Two different OA milieu: OA synovial fluid (SF) and OA‐conditioned medium (CM) from synoviocytes were used to treat GMP‐ASC both in normoxia or hypoxia. GMP‐ASC were tested for cell migration, proliferation, cytokine receptors expression (CXCR1, CXCR2, CXCR3, CXCR4, CXCR7, CCR1, CCR2, CCR3, CCR5, IL6R), and cytokines (CXCL8/IL8, CXCL10/IP10, CXCL12/SDF‐1, CCL2/MCP1, CCL3/MIP1α, CCL4/MIP1β, CCL5/RANTES, IL6) release. Healthy SF was used as controls. We demonstrated that GMP‐ASC show an increase in proliferation, migration, and modulation of CXCR1, CXCR3, CCR1, and CCR5 receptors in hypoxic condition. Moreover, GMP‐ASC migration increased 15‐fold when treated either with OA‐SF or OA‐CM compared with healthy SF both in normoxia and hypoxia. GMP‐ASC treated in both OA milieu showed an increase in CXCR3, CCR3, and IL6R and a decrease in CCR1 and CCR2 receptors. In OA‐SF, we detected higher amount of CXCL10/IP10 than in OA‐CM, while CCL2/MCP1 and CCL4/MIP1β were higher in OA‐CM compared with OA‐SF. CXCL10/IP10 was the only chemokine of the OA milieu, which was down‐modulated after treatment with GMP‐ASC. In conclusion, we demonstrated specific effects of OA milieu on both GMP‐ASC proliferation, migration, and cytokine receptor expression that were strictly dependent on the inflammatory and hypoxic environment. The use of characterized OA milieu is crucial to define the therapeutic effect of GMP‐ASC and indicates that CXCL10/IP10–CXCR3 axis is partially involved in the GMP‐ASC effect on synovial macrophages. © 2019 The Authors.Journal of Orthopaedic Research® published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of Orthopaedic Research Society. J Orthop Res 38:336‐347, 2020
Application Properties of Bath Liquids for Children Based on Sodium Laureth Sulfate with Addition of Different Molecular Weight Collagens Derived from Marine Sources
Authors: Klimaszewska Emilia , Ogorzałek Marta , Seweryn Artur , Wasilewski Tomasz 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis article investigates the influence of marine collagen of various molecular weights (Collagen Amino Acids—150 Da, Hydrolyzed Collagen—12,000 Da and Soluble Collagen—300,000 Da) on the functional properties of bath liquids for children based on anionic surfactants—sodium laureth sulfate. In addition to the aspects related to safety‐in‐use, which were presented in the authors' first work about marine collagen, consumers also expect bath cosmetics for children to have specific functional characteristics including viscosity or foaming properties. An increase in the molecular mass of marine collagen was found to be accompanied by an increase in dynamic viscosity and foaming ability and a decrease in the ability to emulsify fatty soil in the formulations under study. It can, therefore, be concluded that the addition of the highest molecular weight of marine collagen (300,000 Da) to bath liquids for children contributes not only to reducing the irritant effect caused by anionic surfactants, but also improves the usable properties of these types of cosmetics.
Accuracy of the Ultrasound Estimate of the Amniotic Fluid Volume (Amniotic Fluid Index and Single Deepest Pocket) to Identify Actual Low, Normal, and High Amniotic Fluid Volumes as Determined by Quantile Regression
Authors: Hughes Dawn S. , Magann Everett F. , Whittington Julie R. , Wendel Michael P. , Sandlin Adam T. , Ounpraseuth Songthip T. 
Published: August 2019

ObjectivesTo identify abnormal amniotic fluid volumes (AFVs), normal volumes must be determined. Multiple statistical methods are used to define normal amniotic fluid curves; however, quantile regression (QR) is gaining favor. We reanalyzed ultrasound estimates in identifying oligohydramnios, normal fluid, and polyhydramnios using normal volumes calculated by QR.MethodsData from 506 dye‐determined or directly measured AFVs along with ultrasound estimates were analyzed. Each was classified as low, normal, or high for both the single deepest pocket (SDP) and amniotic fluid index (AFI). A weighted κ statistic was used to assess the level of agreement between the AFI and SDP compared to actual AFVs by QR.ResultsThe overall level of agreement for the AFI was fair (κ = 0.26), and that for the SDP was slight (κ = 0.19). Although not statistically significant (P = .792), the positive predictive value to classify a low volume using the AFI was lower compared to the SDP (35% vs 43%). The positive predictive value for a high volume was higher using the AFI compared to the SDP (55% versus 31%) but not statistically significant. The missed‐call rate for high‐volume identification by the SDP versus AFI was statistically significant (odds ratio, 5.5; 95% confidence interval, 2.04–14.97). The missed‐call rate for low‐volume identification by the AFI versus SDP was not statistically significant (odds ratio, 3.3; 95% confidence interval, 0.96–11.53).ConclusionsBoth the AFI and SDP identify actual normal AFVs by QR, with sensitivity higher than 90%. The SDP is superior for identification of oligohydramnios, and the AFI superior for identification of polyhydramnios.