bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and determinants of poor quality of sleep among adolescents in rural Puducherry, South India
Authors: Sarveswaran Gokul , Arikrishnan Kalaiselvy , Krishnamoorthy Yuvaraj , Sakthivel Manikandanesan , Majella Marie Gilbert , Lakshminarayanan Subitha 
Published: April 2019

Abstract

Background
Adolescence is a critical stage of life which is characterized by rapid biological, social and emotional development. India has the highest adolescent population, however, there is paucity of literature reporting the sleep quality among adolescents.

Objective
To determine the sleep quality and its associated factors among adolescents residing in selected villages of rural Puducherry.

Materials and methods
A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among adolescents during March and April 2018. Two out of four villages were randomly selected and all the adolescents were contacted through a household visit and a questionnaire was administered. The semi-structured questionnaire contained socio-demographic details of adolescents and details on living environment. Sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scale. Sleep quality is expressed as a proportion with a 95% confidence interval (CI). The association of socio-demographic characteristics with poor sleep quality is reported as a prevalence ratio.

Results
The total number of adolescents interviewed was 789. The mean age of the study participants was 14.1 (±2.4) years and the majority, 440 (55.8%) were boys and 684 (86.7%) belonged to a nuclear family. More than a quarter, 210 (26.6%) belonged to the middle class as regards socio-economic status. Environmental assessment of households showed more than half, 456 (57.8%) were staying in a “pucca” house and the majority, 642 (81.4%) had adequate cross ventilation. The prevalence of poor quality of sleep among the adolescents was 2.5% (95% CI: 1.6%–3.9%). It was found that higher educational level [adjusted prevalence ratio (aPR) – 3.43] and belonging to higher socio-economic class (aPR – 5.48) were found to be significant determinants for poor quality of sleep among adolescents.

Conclusion
The current study found that only 2.5% of the adolescents have poor sleep quality. Adolescents with higher educational level and higher socio-economic status were more prone to have poor quality of sleep.
A Simplified Indirect Technique for the Measurement of Mechanical Power in Three-Phase Asynchronous Motors
Authors: Bucci Giovanni , Ciancetta Fabrizio , Fiorucci Edoardo , Ometto Antonio , Segreto Maria Anna 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
This paper presents an indirect method for measuring the mechanical power produced by three-phase induction motors. The proposed technique is based on the hypothesis that three-phase induction motors are balanced systems that transform electrical power into mechanical one. The measurement of a single phase current is used to estimate the mechanical power generated at the axis. The relationship between electric current and mechanical power is generally non-linear. By expressing the quantities in p.u., this trend is approximated with a second order polynomial. From the analysis of the mechanical power characteristics related to 13 motors we obtained the parameters of the interpolating parabolic curves of motors from 1.1 kW to 75 kW rated power. The proposed technique can be easily adopted in order to monitor the mechanical power of three phase induction motors using only one phase current transducer. Starting from the motor nameplate no experimental measurement or other data are necessary to estimate the mechanical power. This technique can be widely used in low cost multipoint measurement system able to monitor the mechanical power where no other transducer or voltage divider are necessary.
Contrasting Preterite and Imperfect use among advanced L2 learners: Judgments of iterated eventualities in Spanish
Authors: Salaberry M. Rafael 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThere are numerous studies that analyze the second language (L2) acquisition of aspect (e.g., see overviews and summaries in Ayoun and Salaberry 2005; Bardovi-Harlig 2000; Labeau 2005; Salaberry, 2008; Salaberry and Shirai 2002). The present study focuses on a specific component of tense-aspect: the iteration of eventualities (iterativity and habituality) conveyed with the use of Spanish Preterite and Imperfect respectively. The analysis is based on data from monolingual Spanish speakers and L1 English speakers with near-native competence in the L2 with the use of contextualized grammaticality judgments. The findings of the study show that near-native speakers of L2 Spanish do not distinguish fine-grained representations of aspectual knowledge (iterativity versus habituality), even though they demonstrate native-like judgments with more prototypical uses of aspect. The discussion of the findings points to possible effects of mapping of meaning and form in the L2, as well as possible instructional effects paired with frequency effects prompted by classroom environments.
Self-Aligned Solution-Processed Zinc-Tin Oxide Thin-Film Transistors with High-K Solution-Processed Gate Dielectric
Authors: Lee Chen-Guan , Dutta Soumya , Dodabalapur Ananth 
Published: April 2019

AbstractWe demonstrate high performance zinc-tin oxide (ZTO) thin-film transistors (TFTs) with low operation voltage, small channel length and low parasitic capacitance. Both the zinc tin oxide and the high-k dielectric, ZrO2, were solution processed by sol-gel methods. A self-aligned process was employed to minimize the parasitic capacitance. The transistors with a channel length of 8 μm operate at 5 V and have a saturation mobility of 2.5 cm2/V·s and an on/off ratio of 5.9×106. Gate-induced surface relief has been found to have strong effect on the performance of the active layer.
Radically- and Thermally-cured High-SiOH Methylvinylsiloxane Polymer Thin Film for Electric Insulator Applications for TFT
Authors: Nakano Tadashi , KiHwan An , SoRa Jung 
Published: April 2019

AbstractHydrolytically polymerized poly(methyl-co-vinyl)siloxane is cross-linked by radically and dehydrolytically at elevated temperature. Peroxide-type thermal radical generator is found to cross-link the polymer at the vinyl and methyl pendant groups. In parallel, free silanol (Si-OH) end groups in the polymer also contribute to cross-linking by dehydrolytic polycondensation. By use of these two-fold cross-linking mechanisms, we were able to deposit highly cross-linked siloxane polymer film which provides excellent optical and electrical properties. Cured film of 500 nm thickness exhibited the pencil hardness of 9H on glass with > 95% visible light transmittance. These excellent features are applied to optical hard coating for flexible displays and touch panels. The cured film also exhibited excellent electric properties. The leakage current of the film is as low as that of CVD dielectric film, and the break down field is exceeded 3 MV/cm, which enabled the film to be applied to insulator in thin film transistor. We carried out analyses of the polymer in film and powder form with 13C- and 29Si-NMR MAS, FT-RAMAN and FTIR-ATR methods to investigate curing mechanism. The analysis results clearly indicated that the cured film contains unique Si-(CH)n-Si bonds generated by radical crosslinking, and all the Si-OH bonds are consumed by hydrolytic polycondensation as well. The Si-(CH)n-Si bonds are more rigid and less polar than Si-O-Si bond, which should be the major reasons that radical condensation remarkably reinforced the film. This radically and thermally cured poly(methyl-co-vinyl)siloxane film was applied to Mo-gate thin film transistor fabricated on glass as the gate insulator. The I-V characteristics from the transistor were equivalent to those made using CVD-SiN insulator.
Effects of Starting Compositions on the Properties of Methylsilsesquioxane Aerogels
Authors: Hayase Gen , Kanamori Kazuyoshi , Nakanishi Kazuki , Hanada Teiichi 
Published: April 2019

AbstractRecent years, although silica aerogel is expected to be the material for energy savings, the lack of the strength prevents from commercial usages such as heat-insulating windows. To improve mechanical properties, methyltrimethoxysilane is used as a precursor of aerogels because the network becomes flexible due to the relatively low cross-linking density and to the unreacted methyl groups. Because of the strong hydrophobicity of MTMS-derived condensates, uniform and homogeneous gel networks are hardly attained. In this study, we employed surfactant n-hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride (CTAC) in starting compositions to control phase separation during a 2-step acid/base sol-gel reaction. By changing the starting composition, properties of aerogels such as bulk density and light transmittance are affected. With increasing amount of CTAC, the gel networks became denser and less transparent. Highly transparent aerogels were obtained when the amount of urea was increased.
DISTRIBUIÇÃO ESPACIAL DA PRECIPITAÇÃO PLUVIOMÉTRICA EM RELAÇÃO À TOPOGRAFIA NO ESTADO DO PARÁ
Authors: Amaral Marcos Antonio Correa Matos do , José Jefferson Vieira , Folegatti Marcos Vinícius , Coelho Rubens Duarte , Barros Timóteo Herculino Silva 
Published: April 2019

DISTRIBUIÇÃO ESPACIAL DA PRECIPITAÇÃO PLUVIOMÉTRICA EM RELAÇÃO À TOPOGRAFIA NO ESTADO DO PARÁ MARCOS ANTONIO CORREA MATOS DO AMARAL1; JEFFERSON VIEIRA JOSÉ2; MARCOS VINÍCIUS FOLEGATTI3; RUBENS DUARTE COELHO3 E TIMÓTEO HERCULINNO DA SILVA BARROS1 [1] Doutorando, Departamento de Engenharia de Biossistemas, ESALQ/USP, Avenida Pádua Dias, 11, CEP: 13418-900, Piracicaba, SP, e-mail: marcosamaral@usp.br, timoteo@usp.brCEP: 13418-900, Piracicaba, SP,2 Pós-doutorando, Departamento de Engenharia de Biossistemas, ESALQ/USP, e-mail: jfvieira@usp.br3 Professor Titular, Departamento de Engenharia de Biossistemas, ESALQ/USP, e-mail: mvfolega@usp.br, rdcoelho@usp.br 1 RESUMO São poucas as informações técnicas sobre as características climáticas da região amazônica, especialmente o Estado do Pará. O uso da Geoestatística, neste caso, pode ser uma solução, pois apresenta-se como uma ferramenta importante para fornecer suporte ao planejamento da agricultura e de obras de engenharia. O objetivo deste trabalho foi investigar a contribuição da longitude, da latitude e a covariável altitude, como variáveis auxiliares na obtenção de estimativas da distribuição espacial da precipitação anual média no Estado do Pará. Foram utilizados dados pluviométricos de 126 estações distribuídas no Estado do Pará e também, estações vizinhas ao Estado, com uma série histórica de 36 anos (1970 a 2006). Verificou-se que o modelo exponencial melhor se ajustou aos dados, e as tendências altitude, longitude apresentaram forte dependência espacial e estão diretamente correlacionadas com a precipitação média anual. Palavras-chave: Cokrigagem, Amazônia, Geoestatística AMARAL. M. A. C. M. do; JOSÉ, J. V.; FOLEGATTI, M. V.; COELHO, R. D.; BARROS, T. H. da S.SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF RAINFALL IN RELATION TO TOPOGRAPHY IN STATE OF PARÁ, BRAZIL 2 ABSTRACT Some technical information on the climatic characteristics of the Amazon region, especially of the State of Pará. The use of geostatistics, in this case, can be a solution as it presents itself as an important tool to support the planning agriculture and public works of engineering. The objective of this study was to investigate the contribution of longitude, latitude and the covariate altitude as auxiliary variables for obtaining estimates of the spatial distribution of mean annual rainfall in the State of Pará. Rainfall data from 126 stations distributed in the State of Pará was used, in addition to neighboring stations in the State, with a historical series of 36 years (1970-2006). It was found that the exponential model fits the data best, and the covariates altitude, longitude have strong spatial dependence and are directly correlated with the average annual rainfall. Keywords: Cokriging, Amazon, geostatistics
ELİT ERKEK VE KADIN HALTERCİLERİN DÜNYA VE AVRUPA ŞAMPİYONALARI YARIŞMA KALDIRIŞLARINDAKİ BAŞARI DÜZEYLERİNİN ANALİZİ
Authors: İNCE İzzet 
Published: April 2019

Bu çalışmanın amacı, elit erkek ve kadın haltercilerin bir kural olarak
altı denemeyle sınırlanan yarışma kaldırışlarındaki başarı düzeylerinin
karşılaştırılmasıdır. İkincil bir amaç ise, halterde yarışma kaldırışlarındaki başarının
takım sıralamasına etkisinin incelenmesidir. Çalışmada, internet erişimine açık
kaynaklar ve Türkiye Halter Federasyonundan gerekli izin alınarak büyük erkek
ve kadın Milli Takım haltercilerinin tam takım olarak katıldığı, takım
sıralamasına giremediği 8 Dünya Şampiyonası ve 4 Avrupa Şampiyonası sonuçları,
toplam 2184 koparma ve silkme kaldırışı veri olarak kullanılmıştır. Verilerin
istatistiki analizinde Ki-kare testi uygulanmıştır. Analiz sonuçlarına göre,
erkek ve kadın haltercilerin koparma (p=0,453) ve silkme (p=0,570)
kaldırışlarındaki başarı sıklıklarında anlamlı bir fark görülmemiştir. Koparma ve silkme toplamındaki farklılığın da
anlamlı olmadığı görülmüştür (p=0,522). Türk kadın haltercilerin (p=0,001) ve
erkek haltercilerin (p=0,034) toplam koparma kaldırışlarındaki başarı
sıklıkları, Dünya ve Avrupa şampiyonaları takım sıralamasındaki en iyi üç
ülkeye göre anlamlı bir fark göstermiştir. Silkme kaldırışları için yapılan
takım karşılaştırmalarda ise Türk erkek haltercilerin (p=0,002) ve kadın
haltercilerin (p=0,001) kaldırışlarında anlamlı bir fark olduğu görülmüştür.
Koparma ve silkme kaldırışlarının toplamı üzerinden yapılan karşılaştırmada ise
Türk kadın haltercilerin (p=0,001) ve erkek haltercilerin (p=0,001) olmak üzere
anlamlı farklılıklar olduğu görülmüştür. Bu araştırmanın bulguları, elit erkek
ve kadın haltercilerin yarışma kaldırışlarındaki başarı düzeylerinin benzer
olduğunu, fakat Dünya ve Avrupa şampiyonaları takım sıralamasına giren en iyi
üç ülkeye göre yarışma haklarında daha başarısız olduğunu göstermektedir. Bu
sebeple, halterde yarışma kaldırışları başarısının takım sıralamasını
etkilediği söylenebilir.
Sosyal Medyada Çocuk Hakları İhlalleri: Ebeveynler ve Öğretmenler Farkında mı?
Authors: SERİN Hüseyin 
Published: April 2019

Bilgi iletişim teknolojilerinin etkileri her geçen gün artmaktadır.
Bilgi iletişim teknolojilerinde yaşanan değişim ve&nbsp; gelişmeler kişiler arası iletişimi,
etkileşimi, sosyal ve kültürel yaşamı yeniden yapılandırmaktadır. Bu gelişim
ile beraber ortaya çıkan sosyal ağlar,&nbsp;
insanların birbiriy­le olan iletişiminde kolaylıklar sağlarken, bazı
problemlerin ve etik ihlallerinin de ortaya çıkmasına neden olmaktadır. Dijital
araçların kullanımının yaygınlaşmasıyla beraber kişilere ait&nbsp; bilgilere erişim daha da kolaylaşmış,
kişilerin özel verilerinin hukuka aykırı biçimde kötü niyetli kişilerin
eline geçmesine neden olmuş, böylece kişilerin özel yaşamlarına ilişkin
şahsi verilerinin hukuka aykırı bir şekilde ifşa edilme korkusu ortaya
çıkmıştır. Bu çalışmada sosyal medya kullanımı ile çocuk hakları konusu
uluslararası ve ulusal mevzuat çerçevesinde tartışılmıştır. Özellikle sosyal
medya aracılığıyla çocuk istismarının önlenmesi, kişilik haklarının korunması
için ebeveynlere, okullara ve öğretmenlere önerilerde bulunulmuştur
f(R) Gravitasyon Teorisinde Toz Bulutlu Konformal Düz Uzay-Zamanlar
Authors: Taşer Doğukan 
Published: April 2019

Bu
çalışmada, toz bulutu bulunan konformal düz uzay-zamanlar f(R) gravitasyon teorisi çerçevesinde incelenmiştir. Toz bulutu varlığında
konformal düz uzay-zamanların alan denklemleri ve tam çözümleri herhangi bir yaklaşım
ve kısıtlayıcı metot kullanılmadan elde edilmiştir. f(R) gravitasyon teorisi çerçevesinde konformal düz uzay-zamanların
sabit enerji yoğunluklu toz bulutu varlığına izin verdiği gösterilmiştir. Teorinin dinamik yapısını karakterize eden f(R) fonksiyonu oluşturulan model için
alan denklemlerinin çözümlerinden elde edilmiştir. Oluşturulan model için elde
edilen f(R) fonksiyonu ile teoride
farklı koşul ve durumları ifade etmek için kullanılan uygulanabilir f(R) fonksiyonları karşılaştırılmıştır.
Metrik potansiyelin radyal koordinata göre değişimi grafik yardımıyla
irdelenmiş ve çözümlerin sınır durumları incelenmiştir. Son olarak, elde edilen
sonuçlar fiziksel ve geometrik açıdan irdelenerek tartışılmıştır.
How To Manage Geomagnetic-Field Disturbances in the Northern Auroral Zone To Improve the Accuracy of Magnetic Measurement-While-Drilling Directional Surveys
Authors: Edvardsen I.. , Nyrnes E.. , Johnsen M. G. , Hansen (retired) T. L. , Aarnes I.. 
Published: April 2019

Summary
The auroral zone is the region surrounding the geomagnetic North and South Poles, and it is where the largest and most frequent disturbances in the Earth's magnetic field are experienced. Because geomagnetic disturbances affect the accuracy of magnetic measurement-while-drilling (MWD) directional data, surveying wells in the auroral zone is challenging. Development of industry practices to enable accurate surveying and safe operations in these areas is important.
The objective of this study was to investigate how magnetic disturbances in the auroral zone influence the geomagnetic-field parameters of declination, dip angle, and total magnetic-field intensity. This investigation analyzed the statistical properties of data from 20 land-based magnetic observatories and variometer stations in Scandinavia, Greenland, and Alaska—all located in the auroral zone. The results were used to estimate magnetic-field-disturbance covariations as a function of distance and direction. Additionally, methods to reduce azimuth uncertainty using data from distant monitoring stations were studied.
Uncritical use of data obtained from monitoring stations can result in uncertain azimuth measurements. In cases where data from more than one nearby monitoring station are available, the challenge is often to identify which stations are providing the most-accurate corrections. Important criteria for the selection of monitoring stations are not limited to directions and distances, but also include the location of the ionospheric current relative to the rig location. Procedures and methods for predicting the location of ionospheric currents were tested.
The data sets analyzed in this study contain measured deviations from the quiet mean for periods with low, moderate, and high geomagnetic activity. Station pairs with mutual distances ranging from 150 to 850 km were considered. The general trends of the magnetic data from station pairs located along the east/west direction are more correlated than in the north/south direction, and the differences in magnetic fluctuations between station pairs are lower in the east/west direction than in the north/south direction. This holds true for all distances, directions, and disturbance levels.
Repeated Mechanical Thrombectomy of Recurrent Large Vessel Occlusion: Case Report and Brief Review of the Literature
Authors: Ding Yun-Long , Zhai Ting-Ting , Ma Li , Gu Zhi-Qun , Niu Jia-Li , Liu Yan 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Background Endovascular mechanical thrombectomy (MT) can significantly improve the prognosis of patients with Large Vessel Occlusion (LVO) stroke. It is still unclear whether it is safe and effective to perform MT again in patients with renal failure and atrial fibrillation (AF) in a short period of time. Case presentation We present the case of a LVO petients with concomitant AF and uremia who was successfully treated by MT for M1 segment occlusion of right middle cerebral artery (MCA) with good outcome. 15 days after the first MT, the patient's stroke recurred, angiography again revealed M1 segment and branch occlusion of right MCA, and repeated MT were performed. The recurrent strokes might attributed to no anticoagulant therapy. In an 4-months follow-up, no further vascular events occurred. Conclusions Repeated MT for recurrent LVO appears safe and effective. In patients with uremia and AF, it might be beneficial to give anticoagulant therapy after careful assessment of the patient's condition, which needs further evidence.
Enhancement in the Catalytic Activity of Human Salivary Aldehyde Dehydrogenase by Alliin from Garlic: Implications in Aldehyde Toxicity and Oral Health
Authors: Laskar Amaj A. , Danishuddin  , Khan Shaheer H. , Subbarao Naidu , Younus Hina 
Published: April 2019

Background:
Lower human salivary aldehyde dehydrogenase (hsALDH) activity increases
the risk of aldehyde mediated pathogenesis including oral cancer. Alliin, the bioactive compound of
garlic, exhibits many beneficial health effects.

Objective:
To study the effect of alliin on hsALDH activity.

Method:
Enzyme kinetics was performed to study the effect of alliin on the activity of hsALDH. Different
biophysical techniques were employed for structural and binding studies. Docking analysis was
done to predict the binding region and the type of binding forces.

Results:
Alliin enhanced the dehydrogenase activity of the enzyme. It slightly reduced the Km and significantly
enhanced the Vmax value. At 1 µM alliin concentration, the initial reaction rate increased by
about two times. Further, it enhanced the hsALDH esterase activity. Biophysical studies indicated a
strong complex formation between the enzyme and alliin (binding constant, Kb: 2.35 ± 0.14 x 103 M-1).
It changes the secondary structure of hsALDH. Molecular docking study indicated that alliin interacts
to the enzyme near the substrate binding region involving some active site residues that are evolutionary
conserved. There was a slight increase in the nucleophilicity of active site cysteine in the presence
of alliin. Ligand efficiency metrics values indicate that alliin is an efficient ligand for the enzyme.

Conclusion:
Alliin activates the catalytic activity of the enzyme. Hence, consumption of alliincontaining
garlic preparations or alliin supplements and use of alliin in pure form may lower aldehyde
related pathogenesis including oral carcinogenesis.
Enhanced Biocatalytic Activity of Recombinant Lipase Immobilized on Gold Nanoparticles
Authors: El-Aziz Abeer M. Abd , Shaker Mohamed A. , Shaaban Mona I. 
Published: April 2019

Background:
Bacterial lipases especially Pseudomonas lipases are extensively used for different
biotechnological applications.

Objectives:
With the better understanding and progressive needs for improving its activity in accordance
with the growing market demand, we aimed in this study to improve the recombinant production
and biocatalytic activity of lipases via surface conjugation on gold nanoparticles.

Methods:
The full length coding sequences of lipase gene (lipA), lipase specific foldase gene (lipf) and
dual cassette (lipAf) gene were amplified from the genomic DNA of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA14
and cloned into the bacterial expression vector pRSET-B. Recombinant lipases were expressed in
E. coli BL-21 (DE3) pLysS then purified using nickel affinity chromatography and the protein identity
was confirmed using SDS-PAGE and Western blot analysis. The purified recombinant lipases were
immobilized through surface conjugation with gold nanoparticles and enzymatic activity was
colorimetrically quantified.

Results:
Here, two single expression plasmid systems pRSET-B-lipA and pRSET-B-lipf and one dual
cassette expression plasmid system pRSET-B-lipAf were successfully constructed. The lipolytic activities
of recombinant lipases LipA, Lipf and LipAf were 4870, 426 and 6740 IUmg-1, respectively.
However, upon immobilization of these recombinant lipases on prepared gold nanoparticles (GNPs),
the activities were 7417, 822 and 13035 IUmg-1, for LipA-GNPs, Lipf-GNPs and LipAf-GNPs, respectively.
The activities after immobilization have been increased 1.52 and 1.93 -fold for LipA and LipAf,
respectively.

Conclusion:
The lipolytic activity of recombinant lipases in the bioconjugate was significantly increased
relative to the free recombinant enzyme where immobilization had made the enzyme attain its
optimum performance.