bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and relative validity of a self‐administered semi‐quantitative drinks frequency questionnaire, validated in a population of university students
Authors: Marakis Georgios , Kontopoulou Lamprini , Garofalakis Gorgias , Vasara Eleni , Vasiliadis Georgios , Grammatikopoulou Maria G. 
Published: October 2018

AimDrinks can contribute to energy as well as micro‐ and macro‐nutrient intake. Drink‐specific, validated, quick and easy to administer questionnaires are needed to monitor secular trends in beverage consumption for different populations. The aim of the present cross‐sectional study was to develop and validate a drink‐specific questionnaire for the Greek population.MethodsA 41‐item semi‐quantitative drinks frequency questionnaire (DFQ) was developed and validated against 7‐day weighed food records, among young Greek adults. Wilcoxon ranks tests, Kendall tau‐b correlations and Bland–Altman plot were used to compare the two methods. Fifty‐nine Greek University students (28 males, 31 females) completed both methods.ResultsNo difference was observed in total drinks intake between the two methods. The Bland–Altman plot showed that the two methods are likely to agree concerning the total drinks intake. Wilcoxon's rank test showed no significant differences between the two methods, except for the ‘whiskey/vodka/gin’ intake (P < 0.001). ‘Good’ agreement (tau‐b > 0.61) was observed for most DFQ items, including low‐fat and chocolate milk, hot chocolate, Greek/espresso coffee, commercial tea, packaged fruit juices, wine, alcohol‐free beer, light cola‐type drinks and water (tap/bottled/sparkling). ‘Low’ agreement (<0.30) was noted for filtered/instant/iced coffee, freshly squeezed orange juice and some alcoholic drinks (beer/whiskey/vodka/gin).ConclusionsThe DFQ appears to be an overall valid means of estimating the habitual intake of drinks in large‐scale epidemiological surveys. The study supports the use of DFQ for assessing drinks consumption patterns and secular trends.
The effects of metabolic status on non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease‐related outcomes, beyond the presence of obesity
Authors: Ampuero Javier , Aller Rocío , Gallego‐Durán Rocío , Banales Jesus M. , Crespo Javier , García‐Monzón Carmelo , Pareja María Jesús , Vilar‐Gómez Eduardo , Caballería Juan , Escudero‐García Desamparados , Gomez‐Camarero Judith , Calleja José Luis , Latorre Mercedes , Albillos Agustín , Salmeron Javier , Aspichueta Patricia , Lo Iacono Oreste , Francés Rubén , Benlloch Salvador , Fernández‐Rodríguez Conrado , García‐Samaniego Javier , Estévez Pamela , Andrade Raúl J. , Turnes Juan , Romero‐Gómez Manuel ,   HEPAmet Registry
Published: October 2018

SummaryBackgroundMetabolically healthy obesity (MHO) shows a reduced risk compared with obese patients with adverse metabolic conditions. Lean people suffering some metabolic derangements also have non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)‐related outcomes compared with non‐obese subjects with a few metabolic risks.AimTo define the impact of the metabolic status on the NAFLD‐related outcomes, beyond the presence of obesity.MethodsWe designed a multicentre cross‐sectional study, including 1058 biopsy‐proven NAFLD patients. Metabolically healthy status was strictly defined by the lack of metabolic risk factors (diabetes mellitus, low HDL, hypertriglyceridemia, arterial hypertension). Non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and significant fibrosis (F2‐F4) were identified by liver biopsy. Chronic kidney disease epidemiology collaboration equation was calculated for kidney function and the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) for cardiovascular risk.ResultsMetabolically healthy (OR 1.88; P = 0.050) and unhealthy obesity (OR 3.47: P < 0.0001), and unhealthy non‐obesity (OR 3.70; P < 0.0001) were independently associated with NASH together with homeostatic model assessment (HOMA), ALT, and platelets. Significant fibrosis was more frequently observed in the presence of adverse metabolic conditions in obese (OR 3.89; P = 0.003) and non‐obese patients (OR 3.92; P = 0.002), and independently associated with platelets, albumin, ALT, HOMA, and age. The number of metabolic factors determined the risk of NASH and significant fibrosis. Glomerular filtration rate was lower in unhealthy (91.7 ± 18) than healthy metabolism (95.6 ± 17) (P = 0.007). AIP was higher in adverse metabolic conditions (P = 0.0001). Metabolically unhealthy non‐obesity showed higher liver damage (NASH 55.8% vs 42.4%; P < 0.05; significant fibrosis 31.7% vs 11.4%; P < 0.0001) and cardiovascular risk (P < 0.0001) than healthy obesity.ConclusionsMetabolic unhealthy status showed a greater impact on NASH, significant fibrosis, kidney dysfunction, and atherogenic profile than obesity. However, metabolically healthy obesity was not a full healthy condition. We should focus our messages especially on patients with adverse metabolic conditions.
The neuromuscular system of the cyclostome bryozoan Crisia eburnea (Linnaeus, 1758)
Authors: Worsaae Katrine , Frykman Tobias , Nielsen Claus 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe cyclostome bryozoans constitute an old and divergent group of bryozoans, whose muscle and nervous systems are poorly known. The entire neuromuscular system of the cyclostome Crisia eburnea is here mapped with phalloidin, DAPI and antibodies directed against acetylated α‐tubulin and serotonin. Innervation of most muscles as well as the ganglion of C. eburnea is described, and several new details are reported, for example, on the additional and branched ectodermal muscles of the cystid, the presence of subtentacular muscles, the retractor muscles being distinctly striated and the presence of an additional pair of lateroabfrontal nerves in the proximal part of the tentacles. The serotonin‐like immunoreactivity in the nervous system of C. eburnea shares many features with those of the other bryozoans studied so far, which probably reflects a common ancestry of the neural architecture. However, the nervous system shows somewhat less complexity compared to that of the sister clade, Eurystomata, and contains fewer cells and nerves compared to the cyclostome Cinctipora which has much larger zooids and more than eight tentacles. No interzooidal neural connections were found in C. eburnea, which is in agreement with the individual response of the zooids.
Informative Group Testing for Multiplex Assays
Authors: Bilder Christopher R. , Tebbs Joshua M. , McMahan Christopher S. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Infectious disease testing frequently takes advantage of two tools—group testing and multiplex assays—to make testing timely and cost effective. Until the work of Tebbs et al. (2013) and Hou et al. (2017), there was no research available to understand how best to apply these tools simultaneously. This recent work focused on applications where each individual is considered to be identical in terms of the probability of disease. However, risk-factor information, such as past behavior and presence of symptoms, is very often available on each individual to allow one to estimate individual-specific probabilities. The purpose of our paper is to propose the first group testing algorithms for multiplex assays that take advantage of individual risk-factor information as expressed by these probabilities. We show that our methods significantly reduce the number of tests required while preserving accuracy. Throughout this paper, we focus on applying our methods with the Aptima Combo 2 Assay that is used worldwide for chlamydia and gonorrhea screening.
From self‐determination to service delivery: Assessing Indigenous inclusion in municipal governance in Canada
Authors: Heritz Joanne 
Published: October 2018

AbstractOver half of Canada's Indigenous identity population reside in urban centres. Despite their growing numbers, Indigenous Peoples remain under represented in municipal government. While it has been argued that all levels of government have responsibility for urban Indigenous Peoples, neither the federal government nor the provinces have provided direction regarding their representation in urban centres. The local response to urban Indigenous input has emerged over the past ten years in the form of Aboriginal advisory boards in some municipalities. While these nascent entities provide a bridge to Indigenous Peoples to access municipal government, they fall short of providing them with governance models recommended in various consultations with Indigenous Peoples over the past twenty years. This article argues that over time models of representation are being overshadowed by policies of service delivery for urban Indigenous Peoples in Canada.
Significance of follow‐up thoracic imaging in myasthenia gravis
Authors: Murai Hiroyuki , Nagane Yuriko , Suzuki Shigeaki , Imai Tomihiro , Motomura Masakatsu , Utsugisawa Kimiaki 
Published: October 2018

AbstractObjectivesMost patients with myasthenia gravis (MG) undergo thoracic imaging at initial diagnosis. However, the follow‐up protocol is unclear. The objective of the present study was to clarify the follow‐up status and main findings of thoracic imaging in patients with MG.MethodsA total of 649 patients with disease duration ≥1 year were included in the study. The follow‐up rate and time from the initial scan to the latest thoracic imaging were evaluated. The rate of abnormality and details of abnormal findings in both non‐thymomatous MG and thymoma‐associated MG were investigated.ResultsThe follow‐up thoracic imaging rate of 145 patients with thymoma‐associated MG was 71.7%, whereas just 46.2% of 504 patients with non‐thymomatous MG underwent follow‐up imaging. Abnormal findings were detected in 8.6% of patients with non‐thymomatous MG and 26.0% of those with thymoma‐associated MG. Abnormal findings included cancer, lung infection and lymph node swelling in the former, and relapse or increased size of thymoma in the latter.ConclusionsFrequent follow up by thoracic imaging is necessary in patients with MG.
Ellipsoid Packing Structures on Freeform Surfaces
Authors: Xu Qun‐Ce , Deng Bailin , Yang Yong‐Liang 
Published: October 2018

AbstractDesigners always get good inspirations from fascinating geometric structures gifted by the nature. In the recent years, various computational design tools have been proposed to help generate cell packing structures on freeform surfaces, which consist of a packing of simple primitives, such as polygons, spheres, etc. In this work, we aim at computationally generating novel ellipsoid packing structures on freeform surfaces. We formulate the problem as a generalization of sphere packing structures in the sense that anisotropic ellipsoids are used instead of isotropic spheres to pack a given surface. This is done by defining an anisotropic metric based on local surface anisotropy encoded by principal curvatures and the corresponding directions. We propose an optimization framework that can optimize the shapes of individual ellipsoids and the spatial relation between neighboring ellipsoids to form a quality packing structure. A tailored anisotropic remeshing method is also employed to better initialize the optimization and ensure the quality of the result. Our framework is extensively evaluated by optimizing ellipsoid packing and generating appealing geometric structures on a variety of freeform surfaces.
Non‐Local Low‐Rank Normal Filtering for Mesh Denoising
Authors: Li Xianzhi , Zhu Lei , Fu Chi‐Wing , Heng Pheng‐Ann 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThis paper presents a non‐local low‐rank normal filtering method for mesh denoising. By exploring the geometric similarity between local surface patches on 3D meshes in the form of normal fields, we devise a low‐rank recovery model that filters normal vectors by means of patch groups. In summary, our method has the following key contributions. First, we present the guided normal patch covariance descriptor to analyze the similarity between patches. Second, we pack normal vectors on similar patches into the normal‐field patch‐group (NPG) matrix for rank analysis. Third, we formulate mesh denoising as a low‐rank matrix recovery problem based on the prior that the rank of the NPG matrix is high for raw meshes with noise, but can be significantly reduced for denoised meshes, whose normal vectors across similar patches should be more strongly correlated. Furthermore, we devise an objective function based on an improved truncated γ norm, and derive an optimization procedure using the alternative direction method of multipliers and iteratively re‐weighted least squares techniques. We conducted several experiments to evaluate our method using various 3D models, and compared our results against several state‐of‐the‐art methods. Experimental results show that our method consistently outperforms other methods and better preserves the fine details.
Dynamic Deep Octree for High‐resolution Volumetric Painting in Virtual Reality
Authors: Kim Yeojin , Kim Byungmoon , Kim Young J. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractWith virtual reality, digital painting on 2D canvas is now being extended to 3D space. In this paper, we generalize the 2D pixel canvas to a 3D voxel canvas to allow artists to synthesize volumetric color fields. We develop a deep and dynamic octree‐based painting and rendering system using both CPU and GPU to take advantage of the characteristics of both processors (CPU for octree modeling and GPU for volume rendering). On the CPU‐side, we dynamically adjust an octree and incrementally update the octree to GPU with low latency without compromising the frame rates of the rendering. Our octree is balanced and uses a novel 3‐neighbor connectivity for format simplicity and efficient storage, while allowing constant neighbor access time in ray casting. To further reduce the GPU‐side 3‐neighbor computations, we precompute a culling mask in CPU and upload it to GPU. Finally, we analyze the numerical error‐propagation in ray casting through high resolution octree and present a theoretical error bound.
A New Uniform Format for 360 VR Videos
Authors: Guo J. , Pei Q. K. , Ma G. L. , Liu L. , Zhang X. Y. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractRecent breakthroughs in VR technologies, especially in economic VR headsets and massive smartphones are creating a fast‐growing demand for 3D immersive VR content. 360 VR videos record a surrounding environment in every direction and give users a fully immersive experience. Thanks to a ton of 360 cameras that launched in the past years, 360 video content creation is exploding and 360 VR videos are becoming a new video standard in the digital industry. When ERP and CMP are perhaps the most prevalent projection and packing layout for storing 360 VR videos, they have severe projection distortion, internal discontinuous seams or disadvantages in aspect ratio. We introduce a new format for packing and storing 360 VR videos using two stage mappings. Hemispheres are seamlessly and uniformly mapped onto squares. Two respective squares are stitched to form a rectangle with the aspect ratio 2:1. Our approach is able to avoid internal discontinuity and generate uniform pixel distribution, while keeping the aspect ratio close to the majority standard aspect ratio of 16 : 9.
Defocus and Motion Blur Detection with Deep Contextual Features
Authors: Kim Beomseok , Son Hyeongseok , Park Seong‐Jin , Cho Sunghyun , Lee Seungyong 
Published: October 2018

AbstractWe propose a novel approach for detecting two kinds of partial blur, defocus and motion blur, by training a deep convolutional neural network. Existing blur detection methods concentrate on designing low‐level features, but those features have difficulty in detecting blur in homogeneous regions without enough textures or edges. To handle such regions, we propose a deep encoder‐decoder network with long residual skip‐connections and multi‐scale reconstruction loss functions to exploit high‐level contextual features as well as low‐level structural features. Another difficulty in partial blur detection is that there are no available datasets with images having both defocus and motion blur together, as most existing approaches concentrate only on either defocus or motion blur. To resolve this issue, we construct a synthetic dataset that consists of complex scenes with both types of blur. Experimental results show that our approach effectively detects and classifies blur, outperforming other state‐of‐the‐art methods. Our method can be used for various applications, such as photo editing, blur magnification, and deblurring.
Skeletex: Skeleton‐texture Co‐representation for Topology‐driven Real‐time Interchange and Manipulation of Surface Regions
Authors: Madaras M. , Riečický A. , Mesároš M. , Stuchlík M. , Piovarči M. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractMesh processing algorithms depend on quick access to the local neighborhood, which requires costly memory queries. Moreover, even having access to the local neighborhood is not enough to efficiently perform many geometry processing algorithms in an automatic or semi‐automatic way. As humans, we often imagine mesh editing at the level of topological information, e.g., altering surface features, adding limbs, etc., which is not supported by current data structures. These limitations come from the widely used mesh representations because the needed information is not implicitly defined by the structure. We propose a novel model representation called Skeletex. Each 3D model is decomposed into two elements: a skeletal structure that encodes the model topology and a vector displacement map to capture fine details of the geometry. Such a co‐representation contains the topology information, as well as the information about the local vertex neighborhood at each texel. Additionally, our data structure facilitates an automatic skeleton‐based cross‐parameterization. This allows us to implement the mesh manipulation tasks in parallel, using a unified streamlined pipeline that directly maps to the GPU. We demonstrate the capabilities of our data structure by implementing surface region transfer and mesh morphing of 3D models.
5S Your Life: Using an Experiential Approach to Teaching Lean Philosophy
Authors: Witt Christine M. , Sandoe Kent , Dunlap Joanna C. 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACTWithin the Information Systems domain, employers are often dissatisfied with graduates’ competence of the necessary technical skills in the area of integrated business processes. However, teaching complex concepts related to integrated business processes—such as the 5S lean philosophy—is particularly challenging. In this article, we describe how Kolb's experiential learning cycle was used to design a direct‐experience project to support students’ learning of the 5S lean philosophy. We also share the results of our inquiry into the effectiveness of the project in maximizing students’ learning of and ability to apply the 5S lean philosophy. Based on the results of this study, students’ knowledge of categories of waste and lean tools and knowledge of 5S steps significantly increased.
The effects of bank ownership on lending behaviour for different types of loans throughout the business cycle
Authors: Huang Haifeng , Shen Bingjie , Wang Tao 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThis paper examines the correlation between banks' ownership structure and lending behaviour in China using micro‐level data on China's banks during the 2003–2015 period to identify possible different patterns in bank lending supply responses to changes in the economic environment, with a focus on understanding whether bank lending patterns follow procyclical or countercyclical allocation rules. We analyse how different types of loans correlate with bank ownership and find that state‐owned banks and banks with relatively higher levels of government ownership follow more countercyclical lending allocation rules, which indicates that China's government uses the financial sector as an instrument to mitigate procyclicality in lending behaviour. We further find that the loan allocation patterns vary significantly for different types of loans in China. In particular, individual consumer loans and corporate loans exhibit clear countercyclical patterns—particularly among state‐owned banks—while residential mortgages show much smoother patterns over time and seem to be less affected by the business cycle.
The associations of workload, individual and organisational factors on nurses’ occupational injuries
Authors: Bagheri Hosseinabadi Majid , Khanjani Narges , Etemadinezhad Siavash , Samaei Seyed Ehsan , Raadabadi Mehdi , Mostafaee Maryam 
Published: October 2018

AbstractAims and objectivesTo determine the prevalence and type of occupational injuries in nurses and their associations with workload, working shift, and nurses’ individual and organisational factors.BackgroundNurses are vulnerable to occupational injuries due to the nature of their job.DesignA cross‐sectional correlational design (based onSTROBEStatement) was conducted.MethodsThis study was conducted among 616 nurses of four public hospitals located in four different provinces in Iran. Data were collected using three questionnaires including an organisational and demographic questionnaire, an occupational injuries checklist and theNASA‐TLXquestionnaire (about mental workload). Chi‐square test, one‐wayANOVAand multivariate logistic regression were used inSPSSversion 23.0 for statistical analysis.ResultsBlood and body fluid exposures had the highest prevalence (47.4%) among all injuries. Needlestick injuries showed a significant relation with gender, age, number of shifts in a month and work experience. With increase in mental workload, needlestick injuries increase by 35%. Also, injuries reported by nurses working in rotating shifts were 15%–53% more than nurses working in fixed shifts.ConclusionWorking in rotating shifts and work overload was significantly related to all injuries. Decreasing nurses’ mental workload, introducing guidelines and efficient training in shift work schedules can help decrease occupational injuries among nurses.Relevance to clinical practiceIn order to reduce occupational injuries among nurses, in addition to incorporating advanced management and technology, it is necessary to pay attention to psychosocial, individual and organisational risk factors related to occupational injuries and their frequency in nurses. Also, reducing personnel's mental and occupational pressure should be considered.
The influence of SLC6A3 and DRD2 polymorphisms on levodopa-therapy in patients with sporadic Parkinson's disease
Authors: dos Santos Erinaldo Ubirajara Damasceno , Sampaio Tiago F , Tenório dos Santos Aléxia D , Bezerra Leite Fernanda C , da Silva Ronaldo C , Crovella Sergio , Asano Amdore Guescel C , Asano Nadja Maria Jorge , de Souza Paulo Roberto E 
Published: October 2018

Abstract

Objectives
The aim of this study was to evaluate a possible relationship between DRD2/ANKK1 (rs1800497) and SLC6A3/DAT1 (rs28363170) gene polymorphisms with the response to levodopa (L-DOPA)-therapy in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD).

Methods
One hundred and ninety-five patients with idiopathic PD were investigated. Patients were genotyped for rs1800497 and rs28363170 polymorphisms using PCR-RFLP. Logistic regression was performed to assess the association of polymorphisms with the occurrence of the chronic complications of L-DOPA therapy.

Key findings
Our results showed association between the occurrence of dyskinesia with an increased greater disease severity (P = 0.007), higher L-DOPA dose (P = 0.007) and use of dopamine agonist (P = 0.020). Moreover, there were significant protective effects for age (P = 0.004) and male subjects (P = 0.006).

Conclusions
Clinical and demographic characteristics of Brazilian PD patients and differences in DRD2 and DAT1 genes may to determine individual variations in the therapeutic response to L-DOPA in the Brazilian PD patients.