bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cytopathological Study of the Circulating Tumor Cells filtered from the Cancer Patients’ Blood using Hydrogel-based Cell Block Formation
Authors: Kang Yoon-Tae , Kim Young Jun , Lee Tae Hee , Cho Young-Ho , Chang Hee Jin , Lee Hyun-Moo 
Published: October 2018

AbstractCirculating tumor cells have emerged as biomarkers for estimating the tumor burden and metastatic potential of cancer patients. However, to date, most of studies and applications of circulating tumor cells have been conducted and applied to epithelial cancers such as breast, colorectal, and prostate tumor. The only FDA-cleared method, CellSearch, makes use of antibody against epithelial surface protein expressed on CTCs, thus obstructing wide application for various cancers with non-epithelial and semi-epithelial characteristics including renal cell carcinoma. Due to rarity and ambiguity of CTCs, designed experiment including non-biased CTC isolation and subsequent cytopathological study for finding applicable immunomarkers are urgently needed for clinical use of CTCs for less-studied cancers. Here, in order to construct the fundamental step for CTC diagnosis without limitation of its epithelial characteristics, we present the simple and novel method which incorporate both label-free CTC isolation and pathological study using hydrogel-based cell block formation. Six cell lines from lung, ovarian, kidney cancers were used to make cell block and analyzed by conventional immunocytochemical staining method to find the candidate markers for CTC. Especially for renal cancer, the physically isolated CTCs were further immunocytochemically examined with the screened candidate markers by cell block construction, and verified their clinical utility using blood samples from patients with renal cell carcinoma. This comprehensive study demonstrates that the present approach can be used to find the potential markers for any type of cancers regardless of their epithelial characteristics and isolate the specific type of CTCs in label-free manners.
Inferring ancestral range reconstruction based on trilobite records: a study-case on Metacryphaeus (Phacopida, Calmoniidae)
Authors: Carbonaro Fábio Augusto , Langer Max Cardoso , Nihei Silvio Shigueo , de Souza Ferreira Gabriel , Ghilardi Renato Pirani 
Published: October 2018

AbstractMetacryphaeus is a calmoniid trilobite genus from the Devonian Malvinokaffric Realm, exclusive to the Gondwanan regions. It includes eleven species, which are for the first time included here in a single phylogenetic analysis. The resulting hypotheses establish relations among the Metacryphaeus species with few ambiguities, also suggesting the inclusion of both Plesiomalvinella pujravii and P. boulei within the genus, as originally considered. The results of palaeobiogeographic analyses employing the Dispersal-Extinction-Cladogenesis (DEC) model reinforce the hypothesis that Bolivia and Peru form the ancestral home of Metacryphaeus. The radiation of the genus to other Gondwanan areas took place during transgressive eustatic episodes during the Lochkovian–Pragian. The Lochkovian dispersal occurred from Bolivia and Peru to Brazil (Paraná and Parnaíba basins) and the Falklands, and Pragian dispersal occurred towards South Africa. Dispersal events from Bolivia and Peru to the Parnaíba Basin (Brazil) were identified during the Lochkovian–Pragian, suggesting the presence of marine connections between those areas earlier than previously thought.
Integration of color and intensity increases time signal stability for the human circadian system when sunlight is obscured by clouds
Authors: Woelders T. , Wams E. J. , Gordijn M. C. M. , Beersma D. G. M. , Hut R. A. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe mammalian circadian system encodes both absolute levels of light intensity and color to phase-lock (entrain) its rhythm to the 24-h solar cycle. The evolutionary benefits of circadian color-coding over intensity-coding per se are yet far from understood. A detailed characterization of sunlight is crucial in understanding how and why circadian photoreception integrates color and intensity information. To this end, we continuously measured 100 days of sunlight spectra over the course of a year. Our analyses suggest that circadian color-coding may have evolved to cope with cloud-induced variation in light intensity. We proceed to show how an integration of intensity and spectral composition reduces day-to-day variability in the synchronizing signal (Zeitgeber). As a consequence, entrained phase angle of the circadian clock will be more stable, which will be beneficial for the organism. The presented characterization of sunlight dynamics may become important in designing lighting solutions aimed at minimizing the detrimental effects of light at night in modern societies.
Voltage-Controlled Magnetoresistance in Silicon Nanowire Transistors
Authors: Zhang Yawen , Fan Jiewen , Huang Qianqian , Zhu Jiadi , Zhao Yang , Li Ming , Wu Yanqing , Huang Ru 
Published: October 2018

AbstractMagneto-electronic logic is an innovative approach to performing high-efficiency computations. Additionally, the ultra-large scale integration requirement for computation strongly suggests exploiting magnetoresistance effects in non-magnetic semiconductor materials. Here, we demonstrate the magnetoresistance effect in a silicon nanowire field effect transistor (SNWT) fabricated by complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS)-compatible technology. Our experimental results show that the sign and the magnitude of the magnetoresistance in SNWTs can be effectively controlled by the drain-source voltage and the gate-source voltage, respectively, playing the role of a multi-terminal tunable magnetoresistance device. Various current models are established and in good agreement with the experimental results that describe the impact of electrical voltage and magnetic field on magnetoresistance, which provides design feasibility for the high-density magneto-electronic circuit. Such findings will further pave the way for nanoscale silicon-based magneto-electronics logic devices and show a possible path beyond the developmental limits of CMOS logic.
The effect of metallicity on Cepheid period-luminosity relations from a Baade-Wesselink analysis of Cepheids in the Milky Way and Magellanic Clouds
Authors: Gieren W. , Storm J. , Konorski P. , Górski M. , Pilecki B. , Thompson I. , Pietrzyński G. , Graczyk D. , Barnes T. G. , Fouqué P. , Nardetto N. , Gallenne A. , Karczmarek P. , Suchomska K. , Wielgórski P. , Taormina M. , Zgirski B. 
Published: October 2018

Context. The extragalactic distance scale builds on the Cepheid period-luminosity (PL) relation. Decades of work have not yet convincingly established the sensitivity of the PL relation to metallicity. This currently prevents a determination of the Hubble constant accurate to 1% from the classical Cepheid-SN Ia method.
Aims. In this paper we carry out a strictly differential comparison of the absolute PL relations obeyed by classical Cepheids in the Milky Way (MW), LMC, and SMC galaxies. Taking advantage of the substantial metallicity difference among the Cepheid populations in these three galaxies, we want to establish a possible systematic trend of the PL relation absolute zero point as a function of metallicity, and to determine the size of such an effect in the optical and near-infrared photometric bands.
Methods. We used a IRSB Baade-Wesselink-type method to determine individual distances to the Cepheids in our samples in the MW, LMC, and SMC. For our analysis, we used a greatly enhanced sample of Cepheids in the SMC (31 stars) compared to the small sample (5 stars) available in our previous work. We used the distances to determine absolute Cepheid PL relations in the optical and near-infrared bands in each of the three galaxies.
Results. Our distance analysis of 31 SMC Cepheids with periods of 4–69 days yields tight PL relations in all studied bands, with slopes consistent with the corresponding LMC and MW relations. Adopting the very accurately determined LMC slopes for the optical and near-infrared bands, we determine the zero point offsets between the corresponding absolute PL relations in the three galaxies.
Conclusions. We find that in all bands the metal-poor SMC Cepheids are intrinsically fainter than their more metal-rich counterparts in the LMC and MW. In the K band the metallicity effect is −0.23 ± 0.06 mag dex−1, while in the V, (V − I) Wesenheit index it is slightly stronger, −0.34 ± 0.06 mag dex−1. We find suggestive evidence that the metallicity sensitivity of the PL relation might be nonlinear, being small in the range between solar and LMC Cepheid metallicity, and becoming steeper towards the lower-metallicity regime.
BGM FASt: Besançon Galaxy Model for big data
Authors: Mor R. , Robin A. C. , Figueras F. , Antoja T. 
Published: October 2018

Aims. We develop a new theoretical framework to generate Besançon Galaxy Model Fast Approximate Simulations (BGM FASt) to address fundamental questions of the Galactic structure and evolution performing multi-parameter inference. As a first application of our strategy we simultaneously infer the initial-mass function (IMF), the star formation history and the stellar mass density in the solar neighbourhood.
Methods. The BGM FASt strategy is based on a reweighing scheme, that uses a specific pre-sampled simulation, and on the assumption that the distribution function of the generated stars in the Galaxy can be described by an analytical expression. To evaluate the performance of our strategy we execute a set of validation tests. Finally, we use BGM FASt together with an approximate Bayesian computation algorithm to obtain the posterior probability distribution function of the inferred parameters, by automatically comparing synthetic versus Tycho-2 colour-magnitude diagrams.
Results. The validation tests show a very good agreement between equivalent simulations performed with BGM FASt and the standard BGM code, with BGM FASt being ∼104 times faster. From the analysis of the Tycho-2 data we obtain a thin-disc star formation history decreasing in time and a present rate of 1.2 ± 0.2 M
⊙ yr−1. The resulting total stellar volume mass density in the solar neighbourhood is 0.051−0.005+0.002 M⊙ pc−3 and the local dark matter density is 0.012 ± 0.001 M
⊙ pc−3. For the composite IMF, we obtain a slope of α2 = 2.1−0.3+0.1 in the mass range between 0.5 M⊙ and 1.53 M⊙. The results of the slope at the high-mass range are trustable up to 4 M⊙ and highly dependent on the choice of extinction map (obtaining α3 = 2.9−0.2+0.2 and α3 = 3.7−0.2+0.2, respectively, for two different extinction maps). Systematic uncertainties coming from model assumptions are not included.
Conclusions. The good performance of BGM FASt demonstrates that it is a very valuable tool to perform multi-parameter inference using Gaia data releases.
Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia, embolization, and Young’s procedure: oral surgical management
Authors: Malthiery Eve , de Thierrens Carle Favre , Bouchiha Kevin , Levallois Bernard , Torres Jacques-Henri , Fauroux Marie-Alix 
Published: October 2018

Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) case with history of embolization and Young’s procedure: surgical management. Introduction: Osler–Weber–Rendu disease hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is a genetic vascular dysplasia. It causes hemorrhagic manifestations, cutaneous and mucosal telangiectasia and visceral vascular shunts, which sometimes lead to brain abscesses after dental avulsion. Acute epistaxis can be managed by vascular ligature or selective embolization. In rare cases, management can even go as far as nasal closure. Observation: A case of five dental avulsions is described, in a patient affected by HHT who previously underwent a bilateral embolization in the area of the facial artery as well as Young’s procedure for frequent epistaxis. Comments-Conclusion: The management of patients affected by HHT needs rigorous hemostatic methods and outpatient postoperative monitoring. Additionally, the remarkable imaging from panoramic radiography used in this case was instrumental in keeping track of embolization, by clearly highlighting the arterial pathways.
Evaluation of a 12-mm diameter covered self-expandable end bare metal stent for malignant biliary obstruction
Authors: Nakaoka Kazunori , Hashimoto Senju , Kawabe Naoto , Nakano Takuji , Kan Toshiki , Ohki Masashi , Ochi Yuka , Takamura Tomoki , Kurashita Takamitsu , Nomura Sayuri , Koyama Keishi , Fukui Aiko , Yoshioka Kentaro 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Background and study aims Biliary metallic stents are used to drain unresectable malignant distal biliary obstructions. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a novel 12-mm-diameter covered, self-expandable end bare metal stent (12-mm CSEEMS).
Patients and methods We evaluated 99 patients with unresectable malignant distal biliary obstructions treated with covered biliary metallic stents. Of the 99 patients, 33 underwent 12-mm CSEEMS placement between June 2015 and April 2017 (12-mm-CSEEMS group) and 66 underwent 10-mm fully-covered self-expandable metal stent (FCSEMS) placement between January 2010 and July 2015 (10-mm-FCSEMS group). The overall survival (OS), the recurrent biliary obstruction (RBO), cause of RBO, time to RBO (TRBO) and adverse events in 12-mm-CSEEMS group and 10-mm-FCSEMS group were evaluated retrospectively.
Results The OS tended to be longer in the 12-mm-CSEEMS group (log rank, P = 0.081) and TRBO was significantly longer in the 12-mm-CSEEMS group (log rank, P = 0.001) than in the 10-mm-FCSEMS group. Both univariate (HR, 0.449; 95 % CI, 0.27967 – 0.72215; P = 0.001) and multivariate (HR, 0.458; 95 % CI, 0.28395 – 0.73744; P = 0.001) Cox hazard analysis found that risk of RBO was significantly lower in 12-mm CSEEMS than in 10-mm FCSEMS. There were no significant differences between the 12-mm-CSEEMS group and 10-mm-FCSEMS group regarding the cause of RBO and adverse events.
Conclusions The 12-mm CSEEMS showed a low risk of RBO compared with 10-mm FCSEMS and was considered to be effective and safe for draining unresectable malignant distal biliary obstruction.
Polyamine – Das Für und Wider aus der Forschung
Authors: Lück-Knobloch Heike 
Published: October 2018

SummaryAlle lebenden Zellen benötigen Polyamine, um molekulare Signalwege zu regulieren, die für Reifung, Wachstum und Differenzierung der Zellen notwendig sind. Wichtige Polyamine sind Putrescin, Spermin und Spermidin. Bei Gesunden könnten sie den Alterungsprozess positiv beeinflussen, bei Krankheiten wie Krebs jedoch negativen Einfluss haben. Eine Anpassung der nutritiven Polyaminzufuhr könnte zum Beispiel bei Schmerzen oder als Vorsorge gegen kolorektale Karzinome förderlich sein.
Efficacy and tolerability of various bowel preparations in diabetic patients: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Madhoun Mohammad F. , Chaudrey Khadija K. , Chisholm Sian S. , Ahmed Aftab , Frost Belinda , Tierney William M. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Background and study aims Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an independent risk factor for poor bowel preparation prior to colonoscopy. Bisacodyl is a stimulant laxative that may mitigate colonic dysmotility associated with diabetes. We hypothesized that adding bisacodyl to split-dose bowel preparation (SDBP) would improve the quality of bowel preparation among patients with diabetes.
Patients and methods Adult outpatients aged 18 to 80 years undergoing colonoscopy were recruited. One hundred and eighty-six patients with diabetes were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 treatment arms: 1) conventional 4 L of polyethylene glycol electrolyte lavage solution (PEG-ELS; conventional bowel preparation [CBP]); 2) split-dose of 4 L PEG-ELS (split-dose bowel preparation [SDBP]); or 3) split-dose of 4 L PEG-ELS preceded by 10 mg of oral bisacodyl 10 (SDBP-B). The primary outcome measure was bowel cleansing as indicated by Boston Bowel Preparation Scale (BBPS) score. Endoscopists were blinded to the preparation used. Secondary outcome measures were safety and patient tolerability.
Results Of the 212 patients randomized, only 186 received assigned bowel preparation. There were no differences among the three study groups with regard to age, indication, duration of DM, insulin use, narcotic use, or presence of end-organ diabetic complications. There was a trend toward better bowel preparation quality among those receiving SDBP and SDBP-B compared to those receiving CBP, but the trend was not statistically significant  ≥ 6 BBPS; 67 % vs. 83 % vs. 75 %, P = 0.1). In terms of safety and tolerability, there were no differences among the three groups.
Conclusion Adding bisacodyl to SDBP does not improve the quality of bowel preparation in patients with DM. Further efforts are needed to optimize colonoscopy bowel preparation in this population.
Insertability comparison of passive bending single-balloon prototype versus standard single-balloon enteroscopy: a multicenter randomized non-blinded trial
Authors: Hosoe Naoki , Ohtsuka Kazuo , Endo Yutaka , Naganuma Makoto , Ogata Noriyuki , Kuroki Yuichiro , Sasanuma Seiko , Takabayashi Kaoru , Kudo Shin-Ei , Takahashi Hiroshi , Ogata Haruhiko , Kanai Takanori 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Background and study aims Traversing the ileocecal valve (ICV) is technically challenging with a retrograde approach to single-balloon enteroscopy (SBE). A novel technique called responsive insertion technology (RIT) colonoscopy was developed to obtain a higher cecal intubation rate in this setting. A prototype long SBE equipped with RIT (P-SBE) was developed to obtain superior insertability. The aim of this study was to compare the insertability of a standard single-balloon enteroscope (S-SBE) versus a P-SBE.
Patients and methods This study was a multicenter, randomized, non-blinded, trial of 62 patients with small bowel pathologies. All procedures were performed with SBE via the trans-anal route. Procedure success was defined as stable intubation of the terminal ileum (TI) 20 cm beyond the ICV. The primary variable was time to reach stable TI intubation 20 cm beyond the ICV (TSTII). If stable TI intubation was not achieved within 10 minutes, the initial SBE was removed through the indwelling overtube and replaced with another SBE.
Results Sixty patients were examined with two patients excluded from this study. TSTII using P-SBE was significantly decreased compared to S-SBE (mean P-SBE vs S-SBE: 98.3 vs 169.4 second, P = 0.006). The completion rates for stable intubation within 10 minutes of using P-SBE and S-SBE were 96.8 % and 86.2 %, respectively (P = 0.19). On endoscope replacement, all patients had achieved stable TI intubation.
Conclusions SBE with RIT improves insertability when traversing the ileocecal valve in retrograde SBE.
EUS fine-needle pancreatic core biopsy can determine eligibility for tumor-agnostic immunotherapy
Authors: Gleeson Ferga C. , Levy Michael J. , Roden Anja C. , Boardman Lisa A. , Sinicrope Frank A. , McWilliams Robert R. , Zhang Lizhi 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Background and study aims The US FDA recently approved a cancer treatment with pembrolizumab based upon the tumor biomarker status of deficient mismatch repair (dMMR) rather than a specific disease-based approach. We sought to determine if endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle biopsy (EUS-FNB) could determine dMMR and quantification of PD-L1 expression to potentially guide the delivery of tumor agnostic immunotherapy.
Patients and methods Immunohistochemistry was performed on archived pancreas core biopsy specimens. Tumors with absent nuclear staining of DNA mismatch repair proteins represented dMMR. Tumors were considered to have any or high PD-L1 expression, if expressed in ≥ 1 % or ≥ 50 % of tumor cells.
Results Histologic specimen adequacy for MMR status assessment was satisfactory in 97.2 % of tumors. dMMR and high PD-L1 expression was identified in 3 % and 8.1 % of the cohort.
Conclusion In the setting of tumor type agnostic immunotherapy, it is projected that at least 3 % of malignant pancreas lesions will be sensitive to pembrolizumab and up to 8 % sensitive to the family of immune checkpoint inhibitors. This highlights the expanding role of EUS-FNB in the field of precision immuno-oncology.
Cap-assisted endoscopy: Do we have enough evidence?
Authors: Frieling Thomas 
Published: October 2018

AbstractSo, is there enough evidence to incorporate CC in clinical practice? If we interpret the literature and the meta-analysis by Nutalapati et al., the answer for the clinically-focused endoscopist, with regard to adenoma detection rate (ADR), at present, may be “no”. Significant differences do not necessarily imply clinical benefits and translation into clinical practice. The answer for the improvement of cecal intubation frequency and intubation time by the cap depends on the focus of training commitment, because these effects of the cap may be beneficial, especially for unexperienced endoscopists. It is obvious that further studies are needed. In this line, it is interesting to know, that in a recent meta-analysis of prospective studies, the length of the transparent cap had opposite effects on investigation time and polyp detection rate. Whereas, the anal to cecal time was significantly shortened by a cap length of > 7 mm and a polyp detection rate was significantly improved by a cap length of < 4 mm.
Differences in upper gastrointestinal neoplasm detection rates based on inspection time and esophagogastroduodenoscopy training
Authors: Yoshimizu Shoichi , Hirasawa Toshiaki , Horiuchi Yusuke , Omae Masami , Ishiyama Akiyoshi , Yoshio Toshiyuki , Tsuchida Tomohiro , Fujisaki Junko 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Background and study aims Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) has utility in early detection of upper gastrointestinal (UGI) neoplasms. However, previous studies report shorter inspection times and inexperienced endoscopists contribute to overlooking gastric neoplasms. We investigated neoplasm detection rates according to inspection time and extent of EGD training.
Patients and methods In this retrospective observational study, we reviewed routine EGDs for 3,925 consecutive cases between October 2014 and March 2015. We divided the endoscopists into three groups based on median inspection time during EGD without undergoing biopsy. Using cut-off median inspection times of 7 and 10 minutes, three, five, and eight endoscopists were classiﬁed into the fast, moderate, and slow groups, respectively. We compared detection rates according to inspection time and the extent of EGD training.
Results The median inspection time among all endoscopists was 9.3 minutes (range, 6.6 – 12.0 min). The detection rate for UGI neoplasms was as follows: fast group, 3.6%; moderate group, 3.3 %; and slow group, 3.1 % (P = 0.807). The median inspection time was significantly shorter among the intensive training ≥ 1-year group than among the < 1-year group (< 1-year: median 6.3 min; range 8.2 – 13.9 min, ≥ 1-year: median 8.9 min; range 6.4 – 11.4 min, P < 0.001). The detection rate for UGI neoplasms was significantly higher among the intensive training ≥ 1-year group than among the < 1-year group (< 1-year: 2.2 %; ≥ 1-year: 3.7 %, OR = 1.65, 95 % CI: 1.02 – 2.68, P = 0.041).
Conclusions There was no association between inspection times and neoplasm detection rates. The quality of EGD, as measured by neoplasm detection rates, may be improved by ≥ 1-year of intensive training.
Ausschlussdiagnose RDS
Authors: Hinteregger-Männel Jessica 
Published: October 2018

SummaryÜber 10 Millionen Menschen in Deutschland leiden am RDS, haben also länger als 3 Monate chronische Darmbeschwerden unklarer organischer Ursache. Erkrankungen wie Morbus Crohn, aber auch Tumoren und Infektionen können ähnliche Symptome verursachen. Deshalb sind sie bei RDS-Verdacht sicher auszuschließen. Eine vollständige Heilung von RDS ist meist nicht möglich. Dennoch kann die Therapie zielgerichtet nach Faktoren wie mikrobieller Fehlbesiedlung und psychischen Auslösern erfolgen.