bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Double Carbon‐Species Coated Porous Silicon Anode Induced by Interfacial Energy Reduction for Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Lim Jong Hyeong , Won Kanghee , Jeong Hyung Mo , Shin Weon Ho , Won Jong Ho 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe rapid development of electric vehicles necessitates high‐energy density Li‐ion batteries for extended range. Silicon is a promising alternative to graphite anodes due to its high capacity; however, its substantial volume expansion during cycling leads to continuous growth of the solid electrolyte interphase and significant capacity fading. This study addresses these issues by designing a porous Si structure combined with a double carbon‐species coating layer, induced by low interfacial energy in a scalable process. Carbon and graphene are located on Si surfaces, forming a close interface that maintains electrical contact, suppresses lithium consumption, and enhances charge transfer properties. The composite anode with a double carbon‐species coating on Si demonstrates rapid stabilization with increasing coulombic efficiency, achieving a specific capacity of 1,814 mAh g−1 at 0.2 C and a high‐rate capability of 1,356 mAh g−1 at 10 C. Additionally, in a full‐cell configuration with LiFePO4, it recorded a specific capacity of 161 mAh g−1 at 0.2 C. These results show the potential of porous Si with a carbon‐graphene coating for stable, high‐capacity operation in Li‐ion batteries, offering new insights into high‐performance electrochemical systems. Moreover, the double carbon‐species coating derived from a scalable surface chemistry‐based process presents a realistic alternative for industrial applications.
The competency of the novel through‐the‐scope suture device for gastric mucosal defects: In vivo study in a porcine model (with video)
Authors: Ito Mamoru , Dobashi Akira , Tominaga Takanori , Futakuchi Toshiki , Tamai Naoto , Suka Machi , Sumiyama Kazuki 
Published: November 2024

AbstractObjectivesEndoscopic closures of mucosal defects following endoscopic resection can be challenging and time‐consuming. The novel through‐the‐scope suture device has demonstrated acceptable closure times, but its learning curve is still unknown. This study aims to evaluate the number of cases required to achieve competency in this device.MethodsTwo endoscopists participated; a novice with less than 400 experiences in upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and an expert with over 500 experiences in endoscopic submucosal dissection. Neither endoscopist had previous exposure to the device. In four porcine models, 24 gastric mucosal defects, each 2–4 cm in diameter, were created by endoscopic mucosal resection with ligation. Each endoscopist performed endoscopic closure for 12 mucosal defects with a single through‐the‐scope suture device per lesion. The primary endpoint was the number of cases needed to reach competency, defined as achieving a procedure time below the average closure time reported in the literature. Secondary endpoints included procedure time, complete closure success rates, and incidence of adverse events.ResultsThe mean defect size was 2.9 (±0.2) cm. Competency was achieved after six cases in the expert and seven cases in the novice. The median closure time was 9.0 (interquartile range [IQR]: 6.0–11.0) min for the expert and 8.0 (IQR: 6.2–9.7) min for the novice (p = 0.862). Complete closure success rates were 75.0% (n = 9) for the expert and 83.3% (n = 10) for the novice. No adverse events were reported.ConclusionsA small number of cases were required for both expert and novice endoscopists to reach competency in the novel through‐the‐scope suture device.
Ecological and Reproductive Cycles Drive Henipavirus Seroprevalence in the African Straw‐Coloured Fruit Bat (Eidolon helvum)
Authors: Juman Maya M. , Gibson Louise , Suu‐Ire Richard D. , Languon Sylvester , Quaye Osbourne , Fleischer Grace , Asumah Samuel , Jolma E. Rosa , Gautam Avinita , Sterling Spencer L. , Yan Lianying , Broder Christopher C. , Laing Eric D. , Wood James L. N. , Cunningham Andrew A. , Restif Olivier 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBats are known to host zoonotic viruses, including henipaviruses that cause high fatality rates in humans (Nipah virus and Hendra virus). However, the determinants of zoonotic spillover are generally unknown, as the ecological and demographic drivers of viral circulation in bats are difficult to ascertain without longitudinal data. Here we analyse serological data collected from African straw‐coloured fruit bats (Eidolon helvum) in Ghana over the course of 2 years and across four sites, comprising three wild roosts and one captive colony. We focus on antibody affinity to five henipavirus antigens: Ghanaian bat henipavirus (GhV), Nipah virus (NiV), Hendra virus (HeV), Mojiang virus (MojV) and Cedar virus (CedV). In the wild roosts, we detected seasonal variations in henipavirus antibody binding, possibly associated with bat life‐history cycles and migration patterns. In the captive colony, we identified increases in antibody affinity levels among pregnant bats, suggesting possible shifts in the immune system during pregnancy. These bats then pass maternal antibodies to their pups, which wane before antibody affinity levels rise later in life following initial infections and/or reactivation of latent infections. These results improve our understanding of the links between bat ecology and viral circulation, including for GhV, a locally‐circulating African henipavirus.
Age‐Related Plasticity Integration in Male Cicadas Tettigetta isshikii: Are Adult Cicadas Capital Breeders?
Authors: Heo Jiman , Han Chang S. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTLabile traits, such as behavioural, physiological traits or body mass, vary within an individual either over time or across environments. Such changes within an individual can be linked across traits, forming within‐individual trait correlations. These correlations are particularly expected when ageing causes changes in the expression of multiple traits. Moreover, the direction of these correlations depends on mechanisms that explain age‐related changes in each trait, such as physiological deterioration or changes in future fitness expectations. Therefore, assessing within‐individual trait correlations offers insights into trait‐specific ageing patterns, their integration and age‐related reproductive strategies. Here, we tracked individual male cicadas (Tettigetta isshikii) in their natural habitat, repeatedly assessing their plant use (narrow‐leafed vs. large‐leafed plants), calling activity and body mass. The results revealed that male cicadas lost mass, increased calling activity and a preference for narrow‐leafed plants as they aged. This integration of age‐related plasticity led to negative within‐individual correlations between body mass and behaviours. Considering that adult cicadas consume nutritionally poor xylem sap, the negative within‐individual correlations between body mass and risk‐taking behaviour suggest that T. isshikii males follow a capital breeding strategy rather than an income breeding strategy. As adult cicadas may use up the energy stored during the nymph stage, an age‐related increase in energetically demanding calling activity could cause an age‐related decrease in body mass. The terminal investment hypothesis could also explain the age‐related increase in calling activity and the preference for narrow‐leafed plants. Therefore, we emphasise the importance of individual‐level tracking studies in the wild to achieve a comprehensive understanding of the life‐history strategies and behavioural ecology of a study animal.
Current trends on the advancement and limitation of biohydrogen research: An exclusive overview
Authors: Kumar Manoj , Tiwari Raj Kumar , Bonde Gunjan Vasant , Das Kaushik , Bhagobaty Ranjan Kumar , Manna Suvendu 
Published: November 2024

AbstractHydrogen is believed to be the most potential energy‐resources in the coming time due to its high energy density and zero greenhouse gas footprint. Among all types of hydrogen production processes, bio‐based hydrogen (biohydrogen) generation processes are found to be relatively cleaner than the other processes. In this review article current biohydrogen generation processes are critically reviewed to understand the critical factors associated with the hydrogen generation along with the challenges to be eliminated. In this review the factor like types of substrates, their pretreatment, bioreactor design, and other parametric influences on the overall biohydrogen production is discussed. Also, impact of different catalyst in hydrogen production has been discussed in this topic. The review indicated that most of the current hydrogen‐research are focused on the development of processes with high yield. However, one of the major drawbacks of biohydrogen process is purification of H2 from the gaseous mixture produced by microbial strains. To establish the biohydrogen production processes as promising as it considered to be there needs to have a robust purification system. Also, this review highlights that more rigorous research on the biohydrogen storage and its hazard analysis is necessary to meet the future expectation of hydrogen use in mass‐scale.
Modelling reinforced masonry buildings by a mechanics‐based macroelement approach
Authors: Bracchi Stefano , Rota Maria , Penna Andrea 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe seismic behaviour of unreinforced masonry (URM) buildings is frequently modelled using macroelements, in the framework of an equivalent‐frame schematisation of the walls. Although the advantages of this modelling technique, mainly related to the compromise between computational burden and accuracy of the results, appear to be valid also in the case of reinforced masonry (RM) buildings, few attempts have been made to extend its applicability to RM. This work proposes a mechanics‐based macroelement approach to simulate the in‐plane nonlinear response of RM piers, starting from a macroelement model widely adopted for URM and implemented in the TREMURI software. The strategy consists of discretising a masonry pier into sub‐macroelements, representative of masonry and horizontal reinforcement, with nonlinear beams representing vertical reinforcement. Experimental tests performed on clay blocks RM piers were simulated to test the efficiency of this model in capturing the strength and cyclic behaviour associated with different damage mechanisms. More complex structures were then studied, starting from assemblies of piers, up to entire buildings. Even in these cases, the modelling approach proved to be able to model the nonlinear cyclic behaviour. Finally, the model was used to compare the response of two buildings in their unreinforced and reinforced configurations, through nonlinear static and dynamic analyses.
Optimized Data Replication in Cloud Using Hybrid Optimization Approach
Authors: Rambabu D. , Govardhan A. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTCloud computing (CC), in contrast to traditional high‐performance computing environments, is a group of imaginary and networked resources of computing that are controlled by one unified maximum‐performance computing power. Here, this work aims to develop a novel data replication method in the cloud. The data replication is carried out with a new multi‐objective technique that considers constraints like cost, the distance between data centers, trust, and risk. Moreover, for optimal data replication, a new hybrid algorithm termed poor rich strategy assisted grasshopper optimization (PRS‐GO) is introduced. To increase the accessibility of the system, the data used continuously should be duplicated in various areas. A minimal mean value of 0.66 is gained with the PRS‐GO scheme, whereas Particle Swarm Optimization‐Tabu Search (PSO + TS), Receding Horizon Control (RHC), Sun Flower Optimization (SFO), Cat Mouse‐Based Optimization (CMBO), Hunger Games Search Optimization (HGSO), Seagull Optimization (SGO), Poor And Rich Optimization (PRO), and Grasshopper Optimization Algorithm (GOA) have got a high mean value of 0.722, 0.71, 0.71, 0.71, 0.7, 0.7, 0.7, and 0.69.
Temporal Patterns in Migration Flows Evidence from South Sudan
Authors: Schincariol Thomas , Chadefaux Thomas 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTWhat explains the variation in migration flows over time and space? Existing work has contributed to a rich understanding of the factors that affect why and when people leave. What is less understood are the dynamics of migration flows over time. Existing work typically focuses on static variables at the country‐year level and ignores the temporal dynamics. Are there recurring temporal patterns in migration flows? And can we use these patterns to improve our forecasts of the number of migrants? Here, we introduce new methods to uncover temporal sequences—motifs—in the number of migrants over time and use these motifs for forecasting. By developing a multivariable shape similarity‐based model, we show that temporal patterns do exist. Moreover, using these patterns results in better out‐of‐sample forecasts than a benchmark of statistical and neural networks models. We apply the new method to the case of South Sudan.
Building a Circular Economy for Lithium: Addressing Global Challenges
Authors: Zanoletti Alessandra , Bresolin Bianca Maria , Bontempi Elza 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAs countries worldwide race toward a green transition, the demand for electric vehicles is surging, and with it comes a growing need for batteries. However, the push for increased domestic mining to secure these materials raises significant concerns about environmental sustainability. Even with stringent regulations, the environmental impact of mining can be profound, posing risks such as biodiversity loss, water pollution, and broader ecological damage. Furthermore, geopolitical tensions could arise as countries whose economic interests are threatened by these initiatives may react adversely. Local communities might also resist mining projects due to concerns over environmental degradation, health risks, and disruptions to their livelihoods. Given the critical importance of metals in the ecological transition, this challenge must be approached with the same urgency and global coordination as a pandemic response. Just as the world mobilized unprecedented resources to tackle COVID‐19, a similarly robust approach is necessary to ensure the availability of critical metals for a sustainable future. This paper suggests potential pathways for academic, technological, and societal advancements within the framework of a circular economy for lithium, aiming to secure a sustainable supply of this essential resource.
Correlation of Seismic Data and Sediment Cores From the Seabed in the Medieval Harbour at Avaldsnes, Norway
Authors: Ravnås Hallgjerd H. , Fredh Erik Daniel 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThis interdisciplinary study demonstrates the successful integration of non‐destructive geophysical methods and sediment core analyses for mapping the seabed in the historical harbour at Avaldsnes in south‐west Norway. In the Medieval Period, this was a royal manor, with the harbour as a central hub for the Hanseatic League in the 14th to 15th centuries. The use of an Autonomous Surface Vehicle (ASV) mounted with two distinct sub‐bottom profiler (SBP) systems facilitated the acquisition of high‐resolution seismic data, providing efficient imaging of the seafloor and subsurface layers. Sequence of fifteen sediment cores allowed for the description and dating of stratigraphy and the depositional environment. In combination, these methods provided a multidimensional understanding of the distribution of subsea sediments in the harbour, while preserving most of the archaeological context. The analysis revealed organic‐rich sediments, primarily consisting of fine detritus gyttja, accumulated over the last 1700 years, trapping certain archaeological features. Deposition of the soft sediments likely commenced due to a lower relative sea level, possibly accompanied by intensified land‐use and harbour activity. The study identified several minor anomalies in the seismic data, potentially representing artefacts of archaeological importance. An anomaly of significant size might correspond to a buried shipwreck or harbour structure. By providing a comprehensive understanding of sediment dynamics and human‐environment interactions in the harbour, the research contributes to the preservation and management of an important cultural heritage site.
Prognostic risk and survival of asymptomatic IgM monoclonal gammopathy: Results from a Spanish Multicenter Registry
Authors: Moreno David F. , Jiménez Cristina , Escalante Fernando , Askari Elham , Castellanos‐Alonso Marta , Arnao Mario , Heredia Ángela , Canales Miguel Á. , Alcalá Magdalena , Bermúdez Arancha , Saus Carreres Ana , Casanova María , Palomera Luis , Motlló Cristina , García‐Sánchez Ricarda , Ríos Rull Pablo , García‐Sanz Ramón , Fernández de Larrea Carlos 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAsymptomatic IgM gammopathy encompasses IgM monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and asymptomatic Waldenström macroglobulinemia (AWM), both having a risk of progression to symptomatic disease. Here, we assessed the risk of progression and the mortality of 956 patients with asymptomatic IgM gammopathy across 25 Spanish centers. After a median follow‐up of 5.7 years, 156 patients progressed, most of them to symptomatic WM (SWM). The cumulative incidence of progression was 13% and 20% at 5 and 10 years, respectively. The serum IgM ≥10 g/L, bone marrow (BM) infiltration ≥20%, β2‐microglobulin ≥3 mg/L, and albumin <4 g/dL were the most potent predictors of disease progression in a multivariate Cox regression model, allowing the identification of three risk categories. The probability of progression to symptomatic disease at 5 years was 4.5%, 15.7%, and 42.8% for low‐, intermediate‐, and high‐risk groups, respectively. In patients without a BM evaluation, the presence of none or 1 risk factor and 2 or 3 risk factors conferred a progression risk of 6% and 27% at 5 years, respectively. The model was independent of the presence of MYD88 L265P, which conferred a negative impact only in AWM patients. The relative survival (RS) ratio at 5 years of asymptomatic patients was similar to the Spanish population, which contrasted with the 0.76 5‐year RS of SWM patients. Overall, the Spanish Multicenter Model comprehensively describes the risk of progression of asymptomatic patients and shows that the excess mortality is increased only in the symptomatic stage of the disease.
“Who am I?” Exploring Temporary workers' Integration in Multi‐Employment‐Type Organizations From the Identity Threat Perspective
Authors: Lu Wenzhu , Liu Shanshi , Ma Chao , Pei Jialiang 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThis study aims to advance current understanding concerning situational cues that trigger identity threat at the workplace among temporary workers and associated effects on their integration outcomes in the flexible employment scenario. We used the social identity threat theory to empirically investigate the impact of the extent to which regular employees' job conditions are superior to those of temporary workers on these workers' outcomes, through the identity threat. In addition, we examined the moderating role of organizations' social integration practices. We conducted two empirical studies involving technical temporary workers in Chinese companies, in which we used polynomial regression analyses and response surface modeling. In Study 1, using a two‐wave time‐lagged design, we analyzed data from 480 temporary workers, and in Study 2, using a three‐wave time‐lagged multi‐source dyadic design, we analyzed matching data from 371 temporary workers and 64 supervisors. Our findings indicate that the extent to which regular employees' job conditions surpass those of temporary workers is positively associated with identity threat among the latter, increasing their turnover intention and undermining their job performance. Moreover, temporary workers' perceptions of their organizations' social integration practices weaken the effects of the extent to which regular employees' job conditions surpass those of temporary workers. Thus, this study contributes to related literature on social identity threat and temporary workers, and to practice, by offering offers insightful implications for managers to effectively manage this threat.
Educating emergent bilingual youth in high school: The promise of critical language and literacy education by Park, J. Y. (2023)
Authors: Cáceres‐Mateo Stephany 
Published: November 2024

AbstractEducating Emergent Bilingual Youth in High School: The Promise of Critical Language and Literacy Educationby J. Y. Park narrates the educational experiences of seven emergent bilingual youth in English as a second language (ESL) classrooms. This book review underlines how Park uses critical language pedagogies in action to shed light on students' assets and challenge the deficit perspectives teachers and schools may have about them. Through these critical lenses, three ESL teachers and the emergent bilingual youth explore themes related to race, identity, and citizenship through effective pedagogical strategies such as dialogic problem‐posing, translanguaging through “poetry inside out,” the use of multimodal texts and student‐led research. As students embark on their learning journey, they develop their literacy, critical, and reflective skills, manifesting their agentive selves. The book also provides suggestions for emergent bilingual educators, schools, teacher education programs, researchers, and policymakers to disrupt deficit views of emergent bilinguals that keep them from seeing their full potential. In addition, it advocates for ESL teachers, who often are not supported at their schools, and for emergent bilinguals who should not and cannot leave their funds of knowledge and stories outside the classroom door.
First experiences with the introduction of genetic counselors in human genetic services in the German‐speaking countries
Authors: Heidemann Simone , Zschocke Johannes , Schwaninger Gunda 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn 2019, the Medical University of Innsbruck introduced the first Genetic and Genomic Counseling master's program in the German‐speaking countries. A major challenge of this process was the absence of practicing Genetic Counselors (GC) in these countries, leading to a lack of experience with GCs in medical genetic services and the absence of a legal framework for the profession. Consequently, student placements within the program commenced with neither the students nor their supervising consultants having any previous experience of collaborative teamwork between clinical geneticists and GCs. To share insights from the initial implementation phase, supervising consultants from the seven student placement institutes were invited to participate in semi‐structured interviews guided by open‐ended questions. From these interviews, three models of interprofessional teamwork between GCs and clinical geneticists emerged: (1) the alternating or tandem model, (2) qualified preliminary and follow‐up patient interviews, and (3) the provision of genetic (counseling) services without genetic counseling in the legal sense. In addition, the interviewees provided recommendations for addressing legal concerns and for the effective establishment of appropriate compensation structures for GCs within the German‐speaking countries. Clinical geneticists taking part in the study estimated that the integration of GCs could potentially enhance their counseling capacity by as much as 50%. Importantly, they did not foresee any reduction in counseling quality caused by the inclusion of GCs. This study provides evidence that the GC profession can provide additional skills to human genetic services and positively impact both patient support and overall capacity of genetic services also in the German‐speaking countries.