bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the efficacy of reintegrative shaming for non‐predatory offending
Authors: Fitch Chivon H. , Nazaretian Zavin , Himmel Devon 
Published: March 2018

AbstractBackgroundSince Braithwaite advanced reintegrative shaming theory about 25 years ago, the theory has almost invariably been retested only in relation to predatory offending. Few studies have tested the relevance of the theory for non‐predatory offending.AimThis study aims to explore the utility of reintegrative shaming theory in explaining non‐predatory crimes. Our main research question was: is acknowledgement of shame apportioned by others associated with reduction in non‐predatory offending?MethodsWe used zero‐inflated negative binomial modelling to analyse data from a national, longitudinal, population‐based study of 1,726 adolescents.ResultsOverall, peer shame acknowledgement at age 18–21 was a significant predictor of no non‐predatory offending at ages 21–27. Contrary to our expectation, however, similar recognition and incorporation of parental shame was not related to absence of such offending.ImplicationsOur findings add further weight to the validity of reintegrative shaming theory, showing its broader value explaining criminal behaviour—and desistance from it—beyond the original model.
Differences in rotational positioning and subsequent distal main branch rewiring of the Tryton stent: An optical coherence tomography and computational study
Authors: Grundeken Maik J. , Chiastra Claudio , Wu Wei , Wykrzykowska Joanna J. , De Winter Robbert J. , Dubini Gabriele , Migliavacca Francesco 
Published: March 2018

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate the occurrence of rewiring through one of the panels of the Tryton stent (instead of the assumed re‐wiring in‐between the panels) and the influence on stent geometry and mechanics.BackgroundTryton is a side branch stent used in combination with a main branch device. It is placed without the need of rotational orientation. However, it is unknown whether main branch re‐wiring accidentally may occur through a panel, instead of in‐between the panels.MethodsWe used three‐dimensional optical coherence tomography to evaluate the location of distal main branch re‐wiring through Tryton. Furthermore, we used computer simulations to evaluate the influence on stent geometry and mechanics.ResultsRewiring through a panel (instead of in‐between two panels) occurred in 45% of the cases. By using virtual stent deployment, we found minimal differences in ostial side branch stenoses (44.8% in‐between the panels and 39.0% through a panel). There were no differences in minimum stent areas of the distal main branch (6.38 mm2 vs. 6.39 mm2). In both scenarios, the re‐wired Tryton cell was large enough for main branch stenting (expressed as the diameter of the largest possible circle that fits within the cells): 3.40 mm (in‐between the panels) vs. 3.02 mm (through a panel).ConclusionsIn 45% of the Tryton implantations, distal main branch rewiring (and subsequent main branch stenting) was performed through one Tryton panel, instead of the assumed rewiring in‐between the panels. However, this did not result in unfavorable stent geometries or mechanics, as evaluated with computer simulations.
Coronary physiological assessment combining fractional flow reserve and index of microcirculatory resistance in patients undergoing elective percutaneous coronary intervention with grey zone fractional flow reserve
Authors: Niida Takayuki , Murai Tadashi , Yonetsu Taishi , Kanaji Yoshihisa , Usui Eisuke , Matsuda Junji , Hoshino Masahiro , Araki Makoto , Yamaguchi Masao , Hada Masahiro , Ichijyo Sadamitsu , Hamaya Rikuta , Kanno Yoshinori , Isobe Mitsuaki , Kakuta Tsunekazu 
Published: March 2018

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of this study is to investigate the association between fractional flow reserve (FFR) values and change in coronary physiological indices after elective percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).BackgroundDecision making for revascularization when FFR is 0.75–0.80 is controversial.MethodsA retrospective analysis was performed of 296 patients with stable angina pectoris who underwent physiological examinations before and after PCI. To investigate the differences of coronary flow improvement between territories with low‐FFR (<0.75) and grey‐zone FFR (0.75–0.80), serial changes in physiological indices including mean transit time (Tmn), coronary flow reserve (CFR), and index of microcirculatory resistance (IMR) were compared between these two groups.ResultsCompared to low‐FFR territories, grey‐zone FFR territories showed significantly lower prevalence of Tmn shortening, CFR improvement, and decrease in IMR (Tmn shorting, 63.9% vs. 87.0%, P < .001; CFR improvement, 63.0% vs. 75.7%, P = .019; IMR decrease, 51.3% vs. 63.3%, P = .040) and lower extent of their absolute changes (Tmn shorting, 0.06 (–0.03 to 0.16) vs. 0.22 (0.07–0.45), P < .001; CFR improvement, 0.45 (–0.32 to 1.87) vs. 1.08 (0.02–2.44), P < .01; IMR decrease, 0.2 (–44.0 to 31.3) vs. 2.9 (–2.9 to 11.8), P = .022). Multivariate analysis showed that pre‐PCI IMR predicted improved coronary flow profile in both groups, whereas pre‐PCI FFR predicted increased coronary flow indices in low‐FFR territories.ConclusionsWorsening of physiological indices after PCI was not uncommon in territories showing grey‐zone FFR. Physiological assessment combining FFR and IMR may help identify patients who may benefit by PCI, particularly those in the grey zone.
Internal Donors in Ziegler–Natta Systems: is Reduction by AlR3 a Requirement for Donor Clean‐Up?
Authors: Zaccaria Francesco , Vittoria Antonio , Correa Andrea , Ehm Christian , Budzelaar Peter H. M. , Busico Vincenzo , Cipullo Roberta 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe front cover artwork for issue 5/2018 is provided by the Laboratory of Stereoselective Polymerizations, at the Department of Chemical Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, (Italy). The image shows the reaction deck of a glove‐box‐contained robotic platform used to investigate the chemisorption of Al‐alkyls and organic donors on the surface of Ziegler–Natta polypropylene catalysts. See the Full Paper itself at https://doi.org/10.1002/cctc.201701422.
Simultaneous construction of dual Borgen plots. II: Algorithmic enhancement for applications to noisy spectral data
Authors: Sawall Mathias , Moog Annekathrin , Kubis Christoph , Schröder Henning , Selent Detlef , Franke Robert , Brächer Alexander , Börner Armin , Neymeyr Klaus 
Published: March 2018

AbstractBorgen plots are low‐dimensional representations of the set of all nonnegative factorizations of spectral data matrices. Classical Borgen plots are limited to nonnegative data and can be constructed for the spectral factor or for the concentration profiles. In the first part of this paper, a simultaneous construction of the two dual Borgen plots is presented, which intensively exploits the underlying duality principles. The second part introduces algorithmic enhancements which make the simultaneous Borgen plot construction possible for noisy experimental data matrices which can contain small negative matrix entries. The new method is tested for FT‐IR spectral data from the Rhodium catalyzed hydroformylation process. The results are compared to those by the FACPACK‐implementation of the polygon inflation method.
Oligonucleotide Length‐Dependent Formation of Virus‐Like Particles
Authors: Maassen Stan J. , de Ruiter Mark V. , Lindhoud Saskia , Cornelissen Jeroen J. L. M. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractUnderstanding the assembly pathway of viruses can contribute to creating monodisperse virus‐based materials. In this study, the cowpea chlorotic mottle virus (CCMV) is used to determine the interactions between the capsid proteins of viruses and their cargo. The assembly of the capsid proteins in the presence of different lengths of short, single‐stranded (ss) DNA is studied at neutral pH, at which the protein–protein interactions are weak. Chromatography, electrophoresis, microscopy, and light scattering data show that the assembly efficiency and speed of the particles increase with increasing length of oligonucleotides. The minimal length required for assembly under the conditions used herein is 14 nucleotides. Assembly of particles containing such short strands of ssDNA can take almost a month. This slow assembly process enabled the study of intermediate states, which confirmed a low cooperative assembly for CCMV and allowed for further expansion of current assembly theories.
Advances in Cell Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering: The Value of Liquid Crystalline Elastomers
Authors: Martella Daniele , Parmeggiani Camilla 
Published: March 2018

AbstractRecent discoveries evidenced that many cells organize into well‐aligned nematic domains, showing also their topological defects and suggesting the liquid crystalline order to be necessary for some biological functions. These evidences were described as the basis for the development of a new area of research in which polymeric liquid crystals were developed to exploit and promote cell adhesion and proliferation towards tissue regeneration. To address the requirements of tissue engineering, new biocompatible materials must be designed and synthesized to support cell adherence and growth together with nutrient transport under physiological condition. This Minireview presents a journey that, starting from the first discovery of liquid crystalline phases in biological (natural) materials with different structures and physical–chemical properties, will inform readers of the very recent application of liquid crystal polymeric materials as functional cell scaffolds to address current tissue engineering issues.
Electronic Transmutation (ET): Chemically Turning One Element into Another
Authors: Zhang Xinxing , Lundell Katie A. , Olson Jared K. , Bowen Kit H. , Boldyrev Alexander I. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe concept of electronic transmutation (ET) depicts the processes that by acquiring an extra electron, an element with the atomic number Z begins to have properties that were known to only belong to its neighboring element with the atomic number Z+1. Based on ET, signature compounds and chemical bonds that are composed of certain elements can now be designed and formed by other electronically transmutated elements. This Minireview summarizes the recent developments and applications of ET on both the theoretical and experimental fronts. Examples on the ET of Group 13 elements into Group 14 elements, Group 14 elements into Group 15 elements, and Group 15 elements into Group 16 elements are discussed. Compounds and chemical bonding composed of carbon, silicon, germanium, phosphorous, oxygen and sulfur now have analogues using transmutated boron, aluminum, gallium, silicon, nitrogen, and phosphorous.
Application of 19F quantitative NMR to pharmaceutical analysis
Authors: Mattes Allison O. , Russell David , Tishchenko Evgeny , Liu Yanzhou , Cichewicz Robert H. , Robinson Sarah J. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe presence of fluorine in an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) can impart important pharmacological attributes with regards to metabolism, stability, and selectivity. As such, nearly one‐third of newly approved small molecule drugs contain at least one fluorine atom. 19F is 100% naturally abundant lending to virtually unimpeded detection of fluorine‐containing molecules, even in complex mixtures. Despite these promising characteristics, the thorough evaluation of a method for 19F qNMR (quantitative NMR) has been lacking. Herein we present experimental methodology and optimized parameters for uniform quantitative sampling of fluorine‐containing drugs and we compare results obtained using both gravimetric and absolute concentration methods for data reduction.
Development of the functional social network index for adolescent and young adult cancer survivors
Authors: Huang I‐Chan , Jones Conor M. , Brinkman Tara M. , Hudson Melissa M. , Srivastava D. Kumar , Li Yuelin , Robison Leslie L. , Krull Kevin R. 
Published: March 2018

BACKGROUNDTo the authors' knowledge, social network status in adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer survivors has not been adequately studied to date. The authors developed and validated a functional social network index (FSNI) for AYA survivors, and compared its performance with that of 2 traditional indices (density and betweenness centrality).METHODSA total of 102 AYA survivors and 102 noncancer controls who were matched for age, sex, and race were recruited from an Internet panel. Each participant reported relationships with up to 25 close friends and/or relatives. The authors developed a FSNI with reported marital status, contact frequency with friends/relatives, available resources for emotional and tangible support, and available resources for physical activity and weight management advice. Linear regression was used to analyze associations between the FSNI and cancer diagnoses, treatments, and coping skills.RESULTSBased on the FSNI, survivors were found to have more available resources for emotional support (beta [b] = 3.02; P = .003), tangible support (b = 4.17; P<.001), physical activity advice (b = 3.94; P<.001), and weight management advice (b = 4.10; P<.001) compared with noncancer controls. Survivors of lymphoma had the largest FSNI, whereas survivors of central nervous system malignancies had the smallest (b = 2.77; P = .02). A higher FSNI was associated with better coping skills: less denial (b = 0.10; P = .01), using emotional support (b = 0.08; P = .04), using instrumental support (b = 0.12; P<.001), less behavioral disengagement (b = 0.08; P = .04), venting of emotions (b = 0.10; P = .004), positive reframing (b = 0.12; P = .003), planning for the future (b = 0.08; P = .03), and religious engagement (b = 0.16; P<.001). Density and betweenness centrality indices demonstrated neither significant differences in social networks between cancer survivors and controls (all P values >.05) nor significant associations with coping skills (all P values >.05).CONCLUSIONSThe FSNI appears to provide a better social network assessment for AYA cancer survivors than traditional indices. Cancer 2018;124:2220‐7. © 2018 American Cancer Society.
New insights from continuous glucose monitoring into the route to diabetes
Authors: Colas Ana , Vigil Luis , Rodríguez de Castro Carmen , Vargas Borja , Varela Manuel 
Published: March 2018

AbstractAimType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is preceded by a period of impaired glucoregulation. We investigated if continuous glucose monitoring system (CGMS) (1) could improve our capacity to predict the development of T2DM in subjects at risk. (2) Find out if impaired fasting glucose/impaired glucose tolerance differentiation through CGMS would also elucidate differences in clinical phenotypes.Material and methodsObservational study of 209 hypertensive patients, aged 18 to 85 years who wore at entry a CGMS. Two CGMS metrics, percent of time under the 100 mg/dL glycaemic threshold (TU100) (impaired fasting glucose surrogate phenotype) and area above the 140 mg/dL glycemic threshold (AO140) (impaired glucose tolerance surrogate phenotype) were measured. The median follow‐up was 32 months (6‐72 mo), and there were 17 new cases of T2DM.ResultsIn a multivariate Cox proportional hazard survival analysis including the conventional prediabetes‐defining criteria and the 2 CGMS‐derived variables, only TU100 and HbA1c were significant and independent variables in predicting T2DM development. An increase in 0.1 in TU100 resulted in a 0.69 (95% CI, 0.54‐0.88; P < .01) odds ratio of developing T2DM. With cut‐off points of 0.5 for TU100 and 5.7% for HbA1c, the test “TU < 0.5 and HbA1c > 5.7%” had a sensitivity of 0.81 (SD, 0.10), a specificity of 0.83 (SD, 0.03), and a likelihood ratio of 4.82 (SD, 1.03) for T2DM development.ConclusionsContinuous glucose monitoring system allows for a better T2DM risk‐development categorization than fasting glucose and HbA1c in a high‐risk population. Continuous glucose monitoring system–derived phenotyping reveals clinical differences, not disclosed by conventional fasting plasma glucose/HbA1c categorization. These differences may correlate with distinct pathophysiological mechanisms.
Self‐objectification and disordered eating: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Schaefer Lauren M. , Thompson J. Kevin 
Published: March 2018

AbstractObjectiveObjectification theory posits that self‐objectification increases risk for disordered eating.MethodThe current study sought to examine the relationship between self‐objectification and disordered eating using meta‐analytic techniques.ResultsData from 53 cross‐sectional studies (73 effect sizes) revealed a significant moderate positive overall effect (r = .39), which was moderated by gender, ethnicity, sexual orientation, and measurement of self‐objectification. Specifically, larger effect sizes were associated with female samples and the Objectified Body Consciousness Scale. Effect sizes were smaller among heterosexual men and African American samples. Age, body mass index, country of origin, measurement of disordered eating, sample type and publication type were not significant moderators.DiscussionOverall, results from the first meta‐analysis to examine the relationship between self‐objectification and disordered eating provide support for one of the major tenets of objectification theory and suggest that self‐objectification may be a meaningful target in eating disorder interventions, though further work is needed to establish temporal and causal relationships. Findings highlight current gaps in the literature (e.g., limited representation of males, and ethnic and sexual minorities) with implications for guiding future research.
Implications of DSM‐5 for the diagnosis of pediatric eating disorders
Authors: Limburg Karina , Shu Chloe Y. , Watson Hunna J. , Hoiles Kimberley J. , Egan Sarah J. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of the study was to compare the DSM‐IV, DSM‐5, and ICD‐10 eating disorders (ED) nomenclatures to assess their value in the classification of pediatric eating disorders. We investigated the prevalence of the disorders in accordance with each system's diagnostic criteria, diagnostic concordance between the systems, and interrater reliability.MethodParticipants were 1062 children and adolescents assessed at intake to a specialist Eating Disorders Program (91.6% female, mean age 14.5 years, SD = 1.75). Measures were collected from routine intake assessments.ResultsDSM‐5 categorization led to a lower prevalence of unspecified EDs when compared with DSM‐IV. There was almost complete overlap for specified EDs. Kappa values indicated almost excellent agreement between the two coders on all three diagnostic systems, although there was higher interrater reliability for DSM‐5 and ICD‐10 when compared with DSM‐IV.DiscussionDSM‐5 nomenclature is useful in classifying eating disorders in pediatric clinical samples.
Large effect quantitative trait loci for salicinoid phenolic glycosides in Populus: Implications for gene discovery
Authors: Woolbright Scott A. , Rehill Brian J. , Lindroth Richard L. , DiFazio Stephen P. , Martinsen Gregory D. , Zinkgraf Matthew S. , Allan Gerard J. , Keim Paul , Whitham Thomas G. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractGenomic studies have been used to identify genes underlying many important plant secondary metabolic pathways. However, genes for salicinoid phenolic glycosides (SPGs)—ecologically important compounds with significant commercial, cultural, and medicinal applications—remain largely undescribed. We used a linkage map derived from a full‐sib population of hybrid cottonwoods (Populus spp.) to search for quantitative trait loci (QTL) for the SPGs salicortin and HCH‐salicortin. SSR markers and primer sequences were used to anchor the map to the V3.0 P. trichocarpa genome. We discovered 21 QTL for the two traits, including a major QTL for HCH‐salicortin (R2 = .52) that colocated with a QTL for salicortin on chr12. Using the V3.0 Populus genome sequence, we identified 2,983 annotated genes and 1,480 genes of unknown function within our QTL intervals. We note ten candidate genes of interest, including a BAHD‐type acyltransferase that has been potentially linked to PopulusSPGs. Our results complement other recent studies in Populus with implications for gene discovery and the evolution of defensive chemistry in a model genus. To our knowledge, this is the first study to use a full‐sib mapping population to identify QTL intervals and gene lists associated with SPGs.
Drought and irrigation affect transpiration rate and morning tree water status of a mature European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) forest in Central Europe
Authors: Nalevanková Paulína , Ježík Marek , Sitková Zuzana , Vido Jaroslav , Leštianska Adriana , Střelcová Katarína 
Published: March 2018

AbstractSeverity and frequency of recurrent droughts is likely to be amplified by recent climate changes and may adversely affect large areas of temperate forests. This study addresses the ecophysiological responses of a mature beech forest in Central Europe (Slovakia, 450 m a.s.l.) exposed to drought during the growing seasons of 2012–2014. Sap flow and stem circumference changes of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) were measured in two contrasting treatments (drought vs. irrigation). Limited water availability reflected in the morning tree water status (morning stem contraction, ΔW) significantly reduced transpiration. Trees stressed by drought in the years 2012 and 2013 showed remarkably lower values of morning ΔW than those in the irrigated group. This suggests (a) lower water potential of the stem‐conducting tissues and (b) increased use of internally stored water to maintain daily transpiration. Additionally, morning ΔW showed a close relationship with soil water potential, particularly in the nonirrigated trees. Potential evapotranspiration (PET) explained less variability in the transpiration of the control stand than that of the irrigated stand. The use of a simple analysis of covariance model comprising morning ΔW and PET interaction significantly increased the explained variability in transpiration in the control stand. Morning ΔW of mature beech trees seems to be a useful and easily obtainable non‐invasive bioindicator of their ability to reduce and regulate transpiration in relation to atmospheric evaporative demands in response to drought.
All‐solid‐State Potentiometric Cu(II)‐selective Sensor Based on Ion Imprinted Methacrylamide Polymer
Authors: Yolcu Murat , Dere Nurşen 
Published: March 2018

AbstractIn this study; a novel all‐solid‐state type potentiometric microsensor based on ion‐imprinted polymer (IIP) has been developed for Cu(II) sensing. The IIP was synthesized by suspension polymerization by using Cu(II) ion, methacrylamide, methacrylic acid and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as template, functional monomers and cross‐linker respectively. The resultant Cu(II)‐imprinted polymer was used as ionophore in the structure of the PVC membrane to obtain a selective potentiometric response towards Cu(II) ions. The fabricated microsensor exhibited a highly selective Nernstian response (28.6±2.2 mV per decade) over the concentration range of 10−1 to 10−6 mol L−1 of Cu2+ ion for 2 months without any considerable divergence in potentials. The response time of the microsensor was considerably short (less than 15 s) and its detection limit was determined as 7.6×10−7 mol L−1. The microsensor was effectively performed in the pH range of 4–7. The microsensor was successfully used as an indicator electrode in the potentiometric titration of Cu(II) ions with EDTA. The proposed microsensor was also used for the determination of Cu(II) contents of some environmental water samples. The obtained potentiometric results were in good harmony with the results obtained by the AAS method.