bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oral Health Related Quality of Life in Adult Population Attending Outpatient Department of KD Dental College and Hospital, Mathura
Authors: Ingle NA , Kaur N , Sirohi R , Siwach A 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
The concept of oral health related quality of life (OHRQoL) attempts to characterize patients's perception of oral health. Currently there is a growing interest in oral health outcomes in how oral health affects quality of life.

OBJECTIVE
To assess oral health related quality of life in adult population attending the Outpatient Department of K.D Dental College and Hospital, Mathura.

MATERIALS AND METHOD
A cross sectio nal study was carried out for a period of one month in OPD of K.D Dental College and Hospital, Mathura. Three twenty individuals were selected randomly. An investigation was done by using a combination of questionnaire and clinical examination of dental caries was done by using WHO 1997 criteria.

RESULTS
Majority of the participants (70.9%) reported oral health problems affecting at least one daily performance in six months preceding the survey. The performance most affected was on ‘eating’ (52.8%) followed by ‘cleaning teeth’ (29.7%). Chronbach's alpha for the OIDP frequency items was 0.70.

CONCLUSION
The highest impact was ‘eating’ and lowest on ‘speaking and pronouncing’ in the study population, which in turn, had an impact on their Quality of Life.
Role of Sugar Free Chewing Gums in Oral Health
Authors: Marya CM , Dhingra S , Jnaneswar A , Kumar H , Dahiya N , Dahiya V 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
Dental caries and periodontal diseases have historically been considered the most important global oral health burdens. Hence, the dental health care needs to apply strategies for prevention of oral health problems. Chewing gum gained interest due to its ability to stimulate salivation and accelerate the clearance of fermentable carbohydrates from the dietary intake. Chewing gum with Xylitol has received special attention due to its mechanical cleaning together with saliva stimulation. These actions could lead to a therapeutic, caries lowering action and various other oral health benefits.
Contemporaneous Impaction of Primary Maxillary Second Molar and Its Succedaneous Tooth - A Rare Occurrence
Authors: Goel M , Batra J , Kamal M , Attresh G , Agrawal A 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTA tooth is considered impacted when it has failed to fully erupt into the oral cavity within its expected developmental time period and can no longer reasonably be expected to do so. The prevalence of impacted premolars has been found to vary according to age. Submergence is a term defining a tooth that remains below the occlusal plane. Dental ankylosis is thought to be major etiological mechanism of submergence. Early detection and intervention of any impacted tooth must be done either surgical or orthodontically else it may lead to sequelae of malocclusion
Prevalence of Dental Caries Among Residents of Bhopal City
Authors: Kumar S , Hiremath V , Bhandari V , Patil AG 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT

Aim
In present study we tried to analyze the role of different factors in the occurrence of dental caries.

Material & Method
Oral examination was carried out in a sample of 2430 residents of Bhopal city, in various camps organized by Mansarovar Dental College in different location of Bhopal.

Results
Prevalence of dental caries was higher in males than in females, among tobacco users more prevalence of caries was found, persons with low socio economic status were having more carious lesions and people with mixed (vegetarian and non-vegetarian) diet.

Conclusion
Prevalence of dental caries in Bhopal city highlights the need for a dental health program to target specific segments of population through public health education program.
Preterm Birth Complications On Oro-Dental Structures: An Updated Review
Authors: Kumar A , Dutta S , Namdev R , Jain M , Bodh M 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
Preterm birth is the birth of a baby of less than 37 weeks gestational age. The cause of preterm birth is in many situations elusive and unknown. Premature infants have a short prenatal development period and are at greater risk for short and long term complications, including disabilities and impediments in growth and mental development. The prevalence of oral defects in the deciduous and permanent dentition has been reported to be higher in premature infants. Premature birth can cause enamel defects such as quantitative loss of enamel (hypoplasia), qualitative change in the translucence (opacity) of the enamel, or a combination of both. Other dental defects in preterm babies include notching of the alveolar ridge, palatal grooving, high arched palate, dental crossbite and palatal asymmetry. Moreover, delayed eruption/maturation and developmental defects of both the primary and permanent dentitions have also been reported. With the introduction of intensive medical care including the increased use of antenatal corticosteroids and the recent routine administration of surfactant replacement therapy, survival of prematurely born infants has improved markedly. However, the significant progress has been made in the care of premature infants but not in reducing the prevalence of preterm birth, making the reduction of preterm birth a challenging proposition.
Adjusting the Oral Health Related Quality of Life Measure (Using Ohip-14) for Floor and Ceiling Effects
Authors: Andiappan M , Hughes FJ , Dunne S , Gao W , Donaldson ANA 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT

Introduction
The influence of floor (lowest) and ceiling (highest) effects on the outcome measure is of serious concern particularly when the outcome is measured using Likert scales. Conventional regression methods yield biased results and hence tobit regression is to be used to adjust for these effects. This paper is an attempt to use tobit regression in finding the predictors of oral health related quality of life after adjusting for floor and ceiling effects.

Methods
A sample of 360 participants were asked to self asses their oral health related quality of life (OHRQoL) using Oral Health impact profile with 14 items which forms the data for this study. Apart from descriptive statistics, Ordinary Least squares regression and tobit regression were used to find the significant predictors of OHRQoL and the results of both methods were compared.

Results
The sample comprised of 41.1% men and 58.9% women. Majority of the participants (68.3%) were whites. The average item difficulty was 0.4 and the average item easiness was 0.03. The floor and ceiling values for the composite scores were 14 and 56 respectively. Age and gender were not statistically significant both in Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression and Tobit regression. Full time employment, student and retired have significantly lower scores in OLS but only retired had significantly lower scores in the tobit model.

Conclusion
Tobit model, after adjusting for floor and ceiling effect, gives higher values for the predictors and the OLS model underestimates the effects of predictors on OHIP scores.
Importance of Preserving Parathyroids in Surgery for Hemiagenesis of Thyroid: Analysis with Review of Literature
Authors: Naik Sudhir , Halkud Rajshekar , Deekshith RM , Sathya P , Chavan Purshottam , Appaji Mohan , Bhat S Ravishankar 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT

Background/objectives
As congenital anomalies of the thyroid are rare and the pathology associated with it warranting total thyroidectomies is still rare, so the inadvertent parathyroidectomies are rarely reported. Unilateral or bilateral hypoplasia or agenesis of one or both thyroid lobes, with or without isthmic agenesis, is a rare developmental anomaly. Meticulous subcapsular dissection with preserving the vascular twigs to the parathyroid is very important in avoiding complications.

Materials and methods
We report two cases of thyroid hemiagenesis in our medical college institution over a period of 10 years. Both were females in the 6th decade with swelling in the neck. One had a right-sided swelling and the second had a left-sided swelling, both measuring about 5 ⨯ 5 cm.

Conclusion
So the total thyroidectomy surgery in hemiagenesis cases poses a risk to the parathyroids as the altered anatomy. So the time-tested technique of subcapsular dissection and meticulous preservation of the multiple vasculature of the parathyroids in the fascial compartment provides better results with least morbidity.

How to cite this article
Naik SM, Halkud R, Chavan P, Appaji M, Sathya P, Bhat SR, Deekshith RM. Importance of Preserving Parathyroids in Surgery for Hemiagenesis of Thyroid: Analysis with Review of Literature. Int J Head Neck Surg 2015;6(4):146-148.
Management of Early Laryngeal Cancer: The Role of Individualized Medicine
Authors: Har-El Gady 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
Treatment options for early laryngeal cancer include radiation therapy or surgical resection. It is widely agreed upon that early laryngeal cancer should be managed with only one treatment modality. The debate on which treatment modality is best for early laryngeal cancer has essentially been going on for the last 65 years. Many new developments have impacted the treatment decision making process. These developments include the introduction of transoral endoscopic partial laryngeal surgery, such as transoral laser microsurgery (TLM) which is replacing external partial laryngectomy procedures; improvements in external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) delivery techniques and technology which result in enhanced accuracy and decreased extralaryngeal side effects and complications; and the introduction of quality of life measures and understanding their importance, in addition to survival rate, in defining successful outcome or failure. This review article concentrates on some of the important issues facing the patient, his/her family, and the treating physicians in the treatment decision making process.

How to cite this article
Har-El G. Management of Early Laryngeal Cancer: The Role of Individualized Medicine. Int J Head Neck Surg 2016;7(1):23-28.
A Practical Approach for Learning Rhinoplasty Surgery
Authors: Kaplowitz Lee J , Joseph Eric M 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
Rhinoplasty surgery is a procedure well suited for otolaryngology residents to incorporate in their training and subsequent practices of medicine. We detail a practical approach for learning rhinoplasty which may commence during residency. The resident learns to conduct a proper consultation, preoperative evaluation, surgical procedure, and follow-up care for the prospective rhinoplasty patient. The history of rhinoplasty, and modern rhinoplasty techniques is discussed, and suggestions are made for residents to successfully incorporate learning rhinoplasty surgery during their otolaryngology training.

How to cite this article
Kaplowitz LJ, Joseph EM. A Practical Approach for Learning Rhinoplasty Surgery. Int J Head Neck Surg 2016;7(1):33-46.
Facial Plastic Surgery in Pediatric Otolaryngology: Role and Outcomes
Authors: Vincent Richard , Ambro Bryan T , Pereira Kevin D 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT

Importance
Otolaryngologists tend to manage most surgical pathology independently as supported by their training. However, superior aesthetic outcomes and caregiver satisfaction can be achieved by routinely involving facial plastics colleagues for reconstruction after resection of pediatric head and neck masses.

Objective
To highlight the cosmetic outcomes achieved after reconstruction by facial plastics surgeons in pediatric patients who have undergone resection of a head and neck lesion

Design
Retrospective case series of 13 pediatric head and neck lesions managed at a tertiary care children's hospital over a 12 year period

Setting
tertiary care children's hospital

Participants:
Pediatric patient undergoing resection of a mass in the head or neck including naso-frontal dermoids, neck lesions, miface lesions, parotid lesions where complex closure was anticipated and a facial plastics surgeon was used for reconstruction. 13 pediatric patients were selected in all. The patients were chosen on a case by case basis and there were no patients that refused intervention. There was no comparisson group and no one that withdrew. A referred sample was used as only these patients pre-selected based on their projected reconstructive needs were selected.

Intervention(s)
The primary intervention was an aesthetically acceptable reconstruction. In order to review the intervention that was performed the information obtained included clinical presentation, radiologic findings, surgical technique used for excision and reconstruction, pre and post-operative photography, pathology and cosmetic outcomes.

How to cite this article
Vincent R, Ambro BT, Pereira KD. Facial Plastic Surgery in Pediatric Otolaryngology: Role and Outcomes. Int J Head Neck Surg 2016;7(2):72-76.
Pediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Surgical Techniques beyond Tonsillectomy and Adenoidectomy
Authors: Isaiah Amal , Mitchell Ron B 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
Sleep disordered breathing (SDB) affects 1 in 10 children in the United States and poses a growing threat to childhood health. Although tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy is considered the standard of care for treatment of pediatric SDB, up to 25% of children present with persistent symptoms after surgery. Success of treatment modalities, such as continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is affected by compliance. Management of residual SDB is a complex, and often controversial topic. Here we discuss options for managing childhood SDB that persists after initial management with tonsillectomy.

How to cite this article
Isaiah A, Mitchell RB. Pediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Surgical Techniques beyond Tonsillectomy and Adenoidectomy. Int J Head Neck Surg 2016;7(2):109-114.
Ludwig's Angina: Report of 40 Cases and Review of Current Concepts in Emergency Management in a Rural Tertiary Facility Teaching Hospital
Authors: Kumar S , Ambikavathy M 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT

Objective
To review the current protocols and assess their efficacy in the emergency management of cases presenting with Ludwig's angina.

Materials and methods
A retrospective study of patients diagnosed with Ludwig's angina, admitted and treated in our institution between November 2007 and December 2012.

Results
There were 40 cases with 24 males (60%) and 16 females (40%), ages ranged between 16 and 80 years. Duration of symptoms was between 3 days and 2 weeks. The most common cause was dental infections seen in 23 cases (57.5%), one of them was a pregnant lady. Six were due to habitual tooth pricking with a broom stick (15%). In 3 patients it was due to submandibular duct stenosis secondary to calculi (7.5%). Five patients had diabetes as underlying disease (12.5%). Facial trauma contributed in 2 patients (5%) and in 1 patient it was due to carcinoma buccal mucosa (2.5%). All the patients were treated with systemic broad spectrum antibiotics, intravenous fluids, and analgesics. Twenty patients (50%) underwent tracheostomy with surgical decompression through small incisions under local/ general anesthesia. Ten patients (25%) were subjected to incision and drainage with subsequent removal of the diseased teeth. Ten patients (25%) were managed conservatively with antibiotics, analgesics, and under close supervision for airway compromise. There were no complications recorded and no mortality.

Conclusion
Ludwig's angina is a life-threatening surgical emergency. Early diagnosis and immediate surgical intervention can save lives. The appropriate use of parenteral antibiotics complemented with airway protection and surgical decompression remains the standard treatment protocol in advanced cases of Ludwig's angina.

How to cite this article
Ambikavathy M, Kumar S. Ludwig's Angina: Report of 40 Cases and Review of Current Concepts in Emergency Management in a Rural Tertiary Facility Teaching Hospital. Int J Head Neck Surg 2017;8(1):11-14.
Lateral Laparoscopic Approach to Pancreatic Tail Insulinomas
Authors: Abraham Deepak , Thomas Jinu Kurian , Joseph Philip , Paul MJ 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
Pancreatic endocrine tumors are relatively rare lesions and laparoscopic surgery is being increasingly used, especially for insulinomas because of their relatively small size and low incidence of malignancy. Laparoscopic approach to pancreatic tumors has been described in the supine position, transomentally via the lesser sac with anterior stomach retraction. We propose a simplified lateral laparoscopic approach to insulinomas localized preoperatively to the tail or distal body of pancreas. Four patients with pancreatic tail insulinomas underwent laparoscopic surgery between November 2006 and February 2008. Diagnosis was confirmed by fasting sugar, insulin and proinsulin assays. Lesions were localized by multiphasic CT scan/MRI scan and endoscopic ultrasound. All these cases had definitely identifiable enhancing lesions in the distal body/tail in relation to the splenic hilum that appeared accessible by a lateral approach. Except for the first case which was done through the traditional supine approach, the other cases were done by the lateral approach. The patients were positioned right lateral with a kidney bridge. Four subcostal ports were placed and the left colon and spleen with pancreatic tail were mobilised in the same fashion as for splenectomy or adrenalectomy. Tumors were easily identifiable corresponding to the imaging studies. Laparoscopic enucleation was successfully completed in all four patients with lesions in the tail of pancreas, one by the traditional approach and other three by the proposed lateral approach. One patient had associated splenectomy because of the proximity of the lesion to the splenic vessels. Two patients had minor pancreatic leak managed conservatively. The left lateral transperitoneal laparoscopic approach to insulinomas located in the tail of pancreas is feasible and safe. The procedure can be done with ease by surgeons who are familiar with adrenalectomy and splenectomy.

How to cite this article
Thomas JK, Abraham D, Joseph P, Paul MJ. Lateral Laparoscopic Approach to Pancreatic Tail Insulinomas. World J Endocr Surg 2012;4(1):3-7.
Cutaneous Lichen Amyloidosis Associated with Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2A: An Early Clinical Marker
Authors: Singh Dependra Narayan 
Published: July 2019

How to cite this article
Singh DN, Gupta S, Agarwal A. Cutaneous Lichen Amyloidosis Associated with Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2A: An Early Clinical Marker. World J Endocr Surg 2012;4(1):41.
Isolated Congenital Anosmia
Authors: Zainuddin Nazli , Razali Farid 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTCongenital anosmia is commonly described in conjunction with various developmental abnormalities and has been reported to be familial. Congenital anosmia as an isolated defect in a single-family member is extremely rare. We described a case of a 5-year-old child with isolated congenital anosmia.How to cite this articleZainuddin N, Razali F. Isolated Congenital Anosmia. Int J Otorhinolaryngol Clin 2016;8(2):82-83.
Distributive Analysis of Head and Neck Swellings with Their Cytopathological Correlation
Authors: Singh VP , Bhardwaj Aparna , Pandey Apoorva K 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT

Aim
Palpable masses in the head and neck region can arise from various structures, such as lymph node, thyroid gland, major and minor salivary glands, soft tissues, blood vessels, and neural structures. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is a simple, quick, inexpensive first-line method to evaluate such swellings and thus confirm the diagnosis. This study correlates aspiration cytology as an indispensable tool in diagnosing various head and neck swellings and their prevalence with respect to age, sex, site of origin, and nature of those masses.

Materials and methods
This study was done from January 2007 to December 2013 in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Department of Pathology. All the patients presenting with various head and neck swellings underwent FNAC, and the results were correlated with anatomical sites and frequency of occurrence and categorized into various clinicopathological groups.

Results
This study included 1,272 cases who were evaluated by FNAC for head and neck swellings. In this study, 32 patients presented with frank abscesses, 36 cases with submandibular region swellings, seven cases with submental swellings, 70 cases with various swellings in the neck and postauricular area, 47 cases with various facial and scalp swellings, two cases from oral cavity, 74 cases with parotid masses, 680 cases with lymphadenopathy, and 324 cases with thyroid lesions.

Conclusion
Fine needle aspiration cytology is a useful, reliable, cost-effective, and valuable diagnostic tool for the initial evaluation and diagnostic categorization of all superficial and deep-seated lesions in the head and neck region as it is a fairly sensitive and specific procedure in addition to being simple, rapid, accurate, and without any significant complications and above all without affecting the underlying tissue morphology altogether

How to cite this article
Pandey AK, Bhardwaj A, Maithani T, Kishore S, Singh VP. Distributive Analysis of Head and Neck Swellings with Their Cytopathological Correlation. Int J Otorhinolaryngol Clin 2016;8(3):89-96.
Imaging of the Lingual Thyroid: A Case Report and Management
Authors: Kumar Ravinder , Bhargava Abhishek , Jaiswal Gagan 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTLingual thyroid is a rare developmental abnormality characterized by the failure of the thyroid gland, or remnants, to descend from anywhere along its embryologic path of origin at the foramen cecum to its normal eutopic pretracheal position. Awareness of the anatomic course of the embryologic thyroid primordium, typical and atypical locations of ectopic thyroid tissue may aid in diagnosis. The reported incidence of lingual thyroid is 1 in 100,000, and it is more common in females, with a female to male ratio ranging between 3:1 and 7:1. Lingual thyroid located at the base of tongue often present with hypothyroidism, usually asymptomatic but may cause dysphonia, dysphagia, upper airway obstruction, and hemorrhage. In the current case report, we present the imaging characteristics of lingual thyroid occurring in a 12-year-old female patient. Partial endoscopic removal of lingual thyroid was performed, followed by substitutive exogenous thyroid hormone therapy. The purpose of this study is to discuss the radiological characteristics and therapeutic issues in the management of lingual thyroid.How to cite this articleKumar R, Bhargava A, Jaiswal G. Imaging of the Lingual Thyroid: A Case Report and Management. Int J Otorhinolaryngol Clin 2016;8(3):122-124.
Anesthetic Considerations in Microlaryngoscopy and Direct Laryngoscopy
Authors: Hemantkumar Indrani , Nirgude Anand 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTPatients for microlaryngoscopy (ML Scopy) and direct laryngoscopy (DL Scopy) may present to the anesthesiologist from all ages, including pediatric, adult, and geriatric age groups. Proper preoperative evaluation, adequate intraoperative care, monitoring, and postoperative monitoring will provide successful outcome in these patients. These procedures are daycare procedures. The aim of anesthesiologist while dealing with such patients is maintaining adequate depth of anesthesia, maintaining adequate ventilation to the patients while giving enough time to the surgeon to diagnose and evaluate the definitive cause of airway disease. Anesthesiologists need to share the airway or maintain the ventilation in such a way as to give the surgeon proper and good visualization of the patient's airway. Use of shortacting and potent anesthetic agents will provide adequate intraoperative depth of anesthesia and speed up awakening and hence the postoperative recovery of the patient.How to cite this articleNirgude A, Hemantkumar I. Anesthetic Considerations in Microlaryngoscopy and Direct Laryngoscopy. Int J Otorhinolaryngol Clin 2017;9(1):10-14.