bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
JARIMAH TERHADAP KEHORMATAN SIMBOL SIMBOL NEGARA
Authors: Haq Islamul 
Published: July 2019

Abstract: This paper examines jarimah (criminal act) against the honor of the symbols of the State in terms of the perspectives of Indonesian criminal law and Islamic criminal law. By using decryption analysis methods derived from sources relating to positive-law (punitive law) and Islamic criminal law. From the analysis it can be concluded that in positive law the formulation of the use of State symbols and sanctions for violators has been set forth firmly in the law of the State of Indonesia and the Criminal Code while in Islamic Criminal Law, although the crime against the honor of the symbols of the state is not explicitly discussed, but there are verses of the Qur'an and hadith prophets which prohibit the criminal act of contempt in general. Islam also has universal values that teach about the honor of the nation and the love of the homeland. This is contrary to the criminal act of contempt against the symbols of the state.
Abstrak: Tulisan ini mengkaji mengenai jarimah (tindak pidana) terhadap kehormatan simbol-simbol Negara ditinjau dari persfektif hukum pidana Indonesia dan hukum pidana Islam. Dengan menggunakan metode analisis dekstriftif yang berasal dari sumber-sumber yang berhubungan dengan positive-law (hukum positif) dan hukum pidana Islam. Dari hasil analisis dapat disimpulkan bahwa dalam hukum positif rumusan penggunaan simbol-simbol Negara beserta sanksi bagi pelanggar telah diatur secara tegas di dalam undang undang Negara Indonesia dan KUHP sedangkan dalam Hukum Pidana Islam, meski tindak pidana terhadap kehormatan simbol-simbol negara tidak dibahas secara ekplisit, akan tetapi terdapat ayat-ayat al-Quran dan hadist nabi yang melarang tindak pidana penghinaan secara umum. Islam juga mempunyai nilai-nilai universal yang mengajarkan tentang kehormatan bangsa dan rasa cinta tanah air. Hal tersebut bertentangan dengan tindak pidana penghinaan terhadap simbol-simbol negara.
TASAWUF SEBAGAI ETIKA PEMBEBASAN; MEMOSISIKAN ISLAM SEBAGAI AGAMA MORALITAS
Authors: Saprin Saprin 
Published: July 2019

The purpose of this study is to understand the nature of Sufism as an ethics of liberation and how to position Islam as a moral teaching. The background of this study is the inequality due to spiritual poverty that has penetrated into various aspects of human life depicted in the decline and even a moral degradation implicating the crisis that result in the fragility of the joints of human life The methodology used in this research is qualitative descriptive approach. The data were collected through literature studies and libraries related to the concept of Sufism in Islam in relation to the formation of human morality. The results of this study show that Sufism is one's attempt to get closer to God as closely as possible. The beginning of the emergence of the Sufism teachings was started along with the Islamic religion itself since the apostolic event of Prophet Muhammad SAW. Before Muhammad was appointed an apostle, he has repeatedly performed Tahannuts and khalwat in the Hira Cave. When he offered tasawwuf in modern life, was not an offer to abandon the practical life of the world, but how the 'mortal' and practical world life is intended as a means of achieving pleasure and devotion to the Divine. Thus, the mortal 'has the value of immortality, where the mortality chooses the dimension ending Based on the results of the study, authors concluded two things. First, Sufism is not a form of escapism or escape from the life of the world, but asceticism breaks away from earthly fetters. Second, the teaching of Islam which is the religion of morality serves as a protector that provides composure and peaceful life.
Performance Appraisal Strategies on Performance of Teachers in Public Secondary Schools in Kiambu County, Kenya
Authors: Mwangi Bernadette Wangui , Njuguna Reuben 
Published: July 2019

This study was triggered by the Teachers Sercice Commission (TSC) coming up with teachers performance appraisal strategies to appraise teachers and administrators in its employment, but the program has not fully realized the objective of evaluating teachers performance and initiate professional development. There has been a stiff resistance from teachers on the use of appraisal tool terming it as forced appraisal. The study, therefore, sought to establish whether there is a relationship between appraisal and reward/compensation, examine how setting of standards and targets influences teachers perfomance, determine how measuring and monitoring teachers work on regular basis affect their performance and find out the effect of quality of work on performance of teachers in public secondary schools in Kiambu County. The target population was 3,479 teachers in 277 public secondary schools in Kiambu County. The study was conducted in 22 secondary schools in 11 sub counties comprising TSC teachers and administrators with a population of 686. 58 teachers and 22 head teachers, totaling to 80 representing 12% were selected from the accessible population of 686 teachers using systematic random sampling. The study established that standards/targets, measuring and monitoring performance managing quality of work and reward/pay affects teacher performance positively and significantly. The study concludes that setting standards and target allows schools and the teaching staff to better measure their progress helping to keep them motivated and accountable. Measuring and monitoring teacher performance ensures that information is gathered so that judgments can be made and questions answered accordingly. Performance appraisal strategies are critical to satisfying the performance of teacher and retaining their future loyalty and teachers are satisfied with the extrinsic rewards provided from the organization like: pay, bonuses, allowances. The study recommends that for the management of schools to achieve goal alignment in the teaching staff, they must first clearly communicate their school’s strategic objectives across the entire school. The school should have a way of monitoring their teacher which must be developed in a systematic monitoring and evaluation of the class and the work of teachers. On managing the quality of work, the study recommends that schools match tasks to Skills, communicate effectively, keep goals clear & focused, give incentives, train and develop their teachers and the study recommends that the school management should take interest in the professional growth to increase the performance level of the teachers.
This is an open-access article published and distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License of United States unless otherwise stated. Access, citation and distribution of this article is allowed with full recognition of the authors and the source.
Census of the Local Universe (CLU) Narrowband Survey. I. Galaxy Catalogs from Preliminary Fields
Authors: Cook David O. , Kasliwal Mansi M. , Sistine Angela Van , Kaplan David L. , Sutter Jessica S. , Kupfer Thomas , Shupe David L. , Laher Russ R. , Masci Frank J. , Dale Daniel A. , Sesar Branimir , Brady Patrick R. , Yan Lin , Ofek Eran O. , Reitze David H. , Kulkarni Shrinivas R. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
We present the Census of the Local Universe (CLU) narrowband survey to search for emission-line (Hα) galaxies. CLU-Hα has imaged ≈3π of the sky (26,470 deg2) with four narrowband filters that probe a distance out to 200 Mpc. We have obtained spectroscopic follow-up for galaxy candidates in 14 preliminary fields (101.6 deg2) to characterize the limits and completeness of the survey. In these preliminary fields, CLU can identify emission lines down to an Hα flux limit of 10−14 erg s−1 cm−2 at 90% completeness, and recovers 83% (67%) of the Hα flux from cataloged galaxies in our search volume at the Σ = 2.5 (Σ = 5) color excess levels. The contamination from galaxies with no emission lines is 61% (12%) for Σ = 2.5 (Σ = 5). Also, in the regions of overlap between our preliminary fields and previous emission-line surveys, we recover the majority of the galaxies found in previous surveys and identify an additional ≈300 galaxies. In total, we find 90 galaxies with no previous distance information, several of which are interesting objects: 7 blue compact dwarfs, 1 green pea, and a Seyfert galaxy; we also identify a known planetary nebula. These objects show that the CLU-Hα survey can be a discovery machine for objects in our own Galaxy and extreme galaxies out to intermediate redshifts. However, the majority of the CLU-Hα galaxies identified in this work show properties consistent with normal star-forming galaxies. CLU-Hα galaxies with new redshifts will be added to existing galaxy catalogs to focus the search for the electromagnetic counterpart to gravitational wave events.
What Sets the Magnetic Field Strength and Cycle Period in Solar-type Stars?
Authors: Guerrero G. , Zaire B. , Smolarkiewicz P. K. , de Gouveia Dal Pino E. M. , Kosovichev A. G. , Mansour N. N. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Two fundamental properties of stellar magnetic fields have been determined by observations for solar-like stars with different Rossby numbers (

), namely, the magnetic field strength and the magnetic cycle period. The field strength exhibits two regimes: (1) for fast rotation, it is independent of

, and (2) for slow rotation, it decays with

following a power law. For the magnetic cycle period, two regimes of activity, the active and inactive branches, have also been identified. For both of them, the longer the rotation period, the longer the activity cycle. Using global dynamo simulations of solar-like stars with Rossby numbers between ∼0.4 and ∼2, this paper explores the relevance of rotational shear layers in determining these observational properties. Our results, consistent with nonlinear

dynamos, show that the total magnetic field strength is independent of the rotation period. Yet at surface levels, the origin of the magnetic field is determined by

. While for

, it is generated in the convection zone, for

, strong toroidal fields are generated at the tachocline and rapidly emerge toward the surface. In agreement with the observations, the magnetic cycle period increases with the rotational period. However, a bifurcation is observed for

, separating a regime where oscillatory dynamos operate mainly in the convection zone from the regime where the tachocline has a predominant role. In the latter, the cycles are believed to result from the periodic energy exchange between the dynamo and the magneto-shear instabilities developing in the tachocline and the radiative interior.
The Origin of the Stellar Mass–Stellar Metallicity Relation in the Milky Way Satellites and Beyond
Authors: Xia Moran , Yu Qingjuan 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Observations and semianalytical galaxy formation and evolution models (SAMs) have suggested the existence of a stellar mass–stellar metallicity relation (MZR), which is shown to be universal for different types of galaxies over a large range of stellar masses (M
* ∼ 103–1011

) and dark matter halo masses (M
halo ∼ 109–1015
h
−1

). In this work, we construct a chemical evolution model to investigate the origin of the MZR, including both the effects of gas inflows and outflows in galaxies. We solve the MZR from the chemical evolution model by assuming that the cold gas mass (M
cold) and the stellar feedback efficiency (β) follow some power-law scaling relationships with M
* during the growth of a galaxy, i.e.,

and

. We use the SAM to obtain these power-law scaling relations, which appear to be roughly universal over a large range of stellar masses for both satellites and central galaxies within a large range of halo masses. The range of MZRs produced by our models is in a narrow space, which provides support to the universality of the MZRs. The formation of the MZR is a result caused jointly by the cold gas fraction decreasing with increasing M
* and by the stellar feedback efficiency decreasing with increasing M
* in the galaxy growth, and the exponent in the MZR is around −α

βs or 1 − α
gs. The MZR represents an “average” evolutionary track for the stellar metallicity of a galaxy. The comparison of our model with some previous models for the origin of MZRs is also discussed.
A Gap in the Mass Distribution for Warm Neptune and Terrestrial Planets
Authors: Armstrong David J. , Meru Farzana , Bayliss Daniel , Kennedy Grant M. , Veras Dimitri 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Structure in the planet distribution provides an insight into the processes that shape the formation and evolution of planets. The Kepler mission has led to an abundance of statistical discoveries in regards to planetary radius, but the number of observed planets with measured masses is much smaller. By incorporating results from recent mass determination programs, we have discovered a new gap emerging in the planet population for sub-Neptune-mass planets with orbital periods less than 20 days. The gap follows a slope of decreasing mass with increasing orbital period, has a width of a few M
⊕, and is potentially completely devoid of planets. Fitting Gaussian mixture models to the planet population in this region favors a bimodel distribution over a unimodel one with a reduction in Bayesian information criterion of 19.9, highlighting the gap significance. We discuss several processes that could generate such a feature in the planet distribution, including a pileup of planets above the gap region, tidal interactions with the host star, dynamical interactions with the disk, with other planets, or with accreting material during the formation process.
Application of Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) Coupled with Near-InfraRed(NIR) Spectroscopy for Detection of Adulteration in Honey
Authors: Longin Lucija , Jurinjak Tusek Ana , Valinger Davor , Benkovic Maja , Jurina Tamara , Gajdos Kljusuric Jasenka 
Published: July 2019

Honey is a naturally sweet and viscous product for which the addition of any substance is prohibited by international regulation. Detection of adulteration in honey is a technical problem: adulteration of honey with invert sugar and syrup may not be reliably detected by direct sugar analysis because its constituents are identical to the major natural components of the honey. Therefore, it is important to develop a rapid and reliable analytical method to detect such additions. We used near-infrared spectroscopy (NIR) combined with principle component analysis (PCA) and artificial neural networks (ANN) modelling to discriminate between honey and corn syrup in adulterated honey. Fifteen honey samples from north-west Croatia (Krapina-Zagorje County) were intentionally supplemented with differing proportions of corn syrup ranging from 10-90%. We collected a total of 460 NIR spectra using the Control Development NIR128L-1.7 spectrophotometer (Control Development, South Bend, Indiana, USA) with their software Spec32 software anda HL-2000 halogen light source. For each of the prepared samples, we measured water content by refractometer (Brouwland, Belgium), conductivity byconductometer (SevenCompact, MettlerToledo, Switzerland), and colour using a PCE-CSM3 colorimeter (PCE Instruments, Germany).
Prior to ANN modelling, PCA was used to identify patterns and highlight similarities and differences in data of the individual set of the experiment. The goal of PCA is to extract important information from the data table and to express this information as a set of new orthogonal variables called principal components or factors (PCs or Fs). We conducted PCA of raw spectra using the Unscrambler® X 10.4 software (CAMO software, Norway). Data were divided into ANN model training, test, and validation datasets at a 70:15:15 ratio using the first five PCs. ANNs were calibrated using model training data, and evaluated using model test and model validation datasets for their ability to predict: i) the amount of added adultering substance in honey, ii) water content, iii) conductivity and iv) colour of the adulterated honey. Multiple layer perception (MLP) networks were developed in Statistica v.10.0 software (StatSoft, Tulsa, USA). Back error propagation algorithm available in Statistica v.10.0 was applied for the model training. Model performance was evaluated using R2 and root mean squared error (RMSE) values for model training, test, and validation datasets.
Results show that network MLP 5-8-6 with five neurons in the input layer, 8 neurons in the hidden layer and 6 neurons in the output layer predicts the analysed output variables with high precision (R2validation,concentration = 0.995, R2validation,water content = 0.993, R2validation,conductivity = 0.992, R2validation,L = 0.939, R2validation,a = 0.895, R2validation,b = 0.924).
INPN - GBIF Exchanges: Biodiversity data flows at national and international levels
Authors: Pamerlon Sophie , Archambeau Anne-Sophie , Cavière Fabien , Robert Solène , Vest Frederic 
Published: July 2019

GBIF France, the French node of the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, has been hosted by the National Museum of Natural History (MNHN) since 2006 and is actively involved in various national and international projects related to data mobilization.
The INPN (National Inventory of Natural Heritage) information facility, hosted since 2005 by the MNHN, lists the ecological, faunistic, floristic, geological, mineralogical and paleontological data of France and its overseas territories. This system has been recognized since 2012 as the national platform of the French Nature and Landscape Information System.
In January 2017, GBIF France and the INPN team were gathered in the Mixed Unit of Natural Heritage Services (UMS PatriNat), which provides expertise and knowledge management missions under the supervision of the French Agency for Biodiversity (AFB), the National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS) and the MNHN.
In order to support both systems and enhance biodiversity data quality, a flow of occurrences and taxonomic data has been established between GBIF and INPN. On July 2018, the latest delivery of French data coming from the INPN marked the one billionth occurrence to the GBIF network. Data connected to GBIF from French territories, will be included in INPN in 2019.
In this poster, we will explain the detailed process of data exchange between the two platforms, as well as the protocols, the standards and the tools used for data validation, data transformation, data dissemination and data update.
Artificial Intelligence's Role in Global Camera Trap Data Management and Analytics via Wildlife Insights
Authors: Thau David , Ahumada Jorge A. , Birch Tanya , Fegraus Eric , Flores Nicole , Jetz Walter , Kays Roland , Kinnaird Margaret , Kulkarni Sayali , Lyet Arnaud , O’Brien Timothy G. , Palmer Jonathan , Schuttler Stephanie , Duong Michelle , Oliver Ruth , Zhao Jennifer Y. , McShea William J. 
Published: July 2019

Camera traps have existed since the 1890s (Kucera and Barrett 2011), but they weren’t widely used until the introduction of commercial infrared-triggered cameras in the early 1990s (Meek et al. 2014). Since then, millions, perhaps billions of camera trap images have been collected for many reasons, biodiversity monitoring being one of the key applications. Unfortunately, although there are camera trap deployments all over the world, these operations occur in isolation, limiting the impact they could have on a global understanding of biodiversity health. Even within individual institutions, managing and analyzing multiple camera trap deployments in aggregate can be challenging. In fact, managing a single deployment of camera traps is non-trivial and important data are frequently cast aside as bycatch, left unanalyzed on decaying hard drives.
Wildlife Insights attempts to overcome these hurdles by providing camera trap data upload, management, and analysis services. It provides the world’s largest database of camera trap images by bringing together the camera trapping efforts of several the world’s largest conservation and research organizations, and it is open to future contributors. Artificial Intelligence-driven services sit at the heart of the platform. New camera trap data uploads are automatically analyzed to differentiate between images with people, non-human animals, and no animals. The images with non-human animals are further analyzed to detect specific species. The proposed labels are sent back to the submitter for review and then uploaded to the database. All uploaded images, unless specifically embargoed, are immediately available for analysis by all users of the system. A selection of tools are provided to support analyses of global biodiversity.
This presentation will describe Wildlife Insights and its AI implementation in detail, contextualized by case studies using analyses of the data currently stored on the platform. Challenges around integrating camera trap data within the platform and with other external services that work with the platform will also be discussed. The talk will end with some thoughts about future directions for the AI services, especially with regards to integration with related platforms.
Citing Evolving Data: An implementation on the NHM Data Portal
Authors: Humphries Josh 
Published: July 2019

Since 2015, the Natural History Museum London has made its research and collections data available through its Data Portal (https://data.nhm.ac.uk). This website provides free and open access to important research datasets as well as digitised objects from the Museum's specimen collection. The Data Portal currently has over 4.2 million records from the specimen collection and a further 5.5 million records from other research datasets. Since 2015, more than 250 scientific publications have cited data from the Data Portal, either directly or through aggregators such as the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF), although there are many more citations than it is currently possible to track.
Users can download data from the Portal and are encouraged to cite the source, however, there is currently no way for users to cite subsets of the data returned through a query, nor a way to persistently identify the data subset they are citing. This is a common issue with scientific data put online, particularly when the cited data changes frequently, such as is the case with the Museum's specimen collection, which grows constantly as more of the collection is digitised.
This poster outlines a new approach that has been designed to meet the Research Data Alliance's (RDA) Working Group on Data Citation recommendations on citing evolving data (Rauber et al. 2015). This is achieved by implementing a fully versioned search framework, ensuring that all modifications to records are tracked and the version timestamp of each modification is combined with the data into the search index. When users search and download data from the Portal, Digital Object Identifiers (DOI) are minted for unique searches at exact versions allowing the dynamic, repeated retrieval of data at any version timestamp, without storing the results. Combining the versioning information into the search index also allows queries against historical data.
By persistently identifying query results in this fashion, researchers can cite data precisely and have confidence that although the data may change after they use it, users of their work will be able to access the data as it looked when they studied it originally. This should also encourage the systematic use of citations, making it easier to track both the usage and impact of research and collections datasets.