bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
One‐step synthesized magnetic MIL‐101(Cr) for effective extraction of triazine herbicides from rice prior to determination by liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Jiang Yanxiao , Piao Huilan , Qin Zucheng , Li Xiaolei , Ma Pinyi , Sun Ying , Wang Xinghua , Song Daqian 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe magnetic metal‐organic framework MIL‐101(Cr) material‐based solid‐phase extraction method coupled with high‐performance liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry was applied to extract seven triazine herbicides in rices. Fe3O4/MIL‐101(Cr) was synthesized using reduction‐precipitation method, in which steps including pre‐synthesis and modification of Fe3O4 nanoparticles were by‐passed. Various parameters including extraction solvent type and volume, ultrasonic extraction time, amount of Fe3O4/MIL‐101(Cr) microspheres, adsorption time, desorption volume and time were investigated. Under optimal conditions, the proposed method had the limit of detection (S/N = 3) and the limit of quantification (S/N = 10) of 1.08–18.10 and 3.60–60.20 pg/g, respectively. Relative standard deviations calculated for all herbicides with concentrations of 2 and 20 ng/g were in the range of 0.5 to 13% (n = 3). In addition, at the two above‐mentioned concentrations, the method achieved relative recoveries percentages of 79.3 to 116.7% when applied to determine the triazine herbicides in real samples spiked. This rapid, green, non‐polluting, pre‐concentrated extraction method was successfully developed and applied to analyze herbicides in rice samples.
How publishers and editors can help early career researchers: Recommendations from a roundtable discussion
Authors: O'Brien Anna , Graf Chris , McKellar Kate 
Published: July 2019

Key points

Hearing the views of early career researchers (ECRs) provides valuable insights and is a worthwhile investment for publishers.
Understanding the time and relationship issues that ECRs face can help publishers develop better systems and services.
Talking to ECRs demonstrates a frustration that the editing, peer reviewing, and publishing ecosystem is built by people with whom they do not identify and by whom they are not represented.
There is a greater role for journal editors to offer support, advice, and encouragement to ECRs.
ECRs want journals to take more of a lead in promoting open science and supporting novel research outputs.
There is a need for publishers to develop tools and systems that simplify journal requirements and help ECRs to publish.
Superior laryngeal nerve block for neurogenic cough: A case series
Authors: Dhillon Vaninder K. 
Published: July 2019

ObjectivesTo demonstrate that an in‐office superior laryngeal nerve (SLN) block with lidocaine and steroids is an effective alternative to neuromodulators for patients with neurogenic cough.Study DesignRetrospective study.MethodsA retrospective review of 10 patients who underwent in office nerve block to the laryngeal nerve (SLN) for neurogenic cough. Demographic data and pre‐ and postcough survey index are the measure outcomes. Follow‐up was 3–6 months.ResultsWe find that all patients in this study that underwent an SLN block showed significant improvement in cough severity index (CSI). The average number of blocks was 2.3. The mean follow‐up time from the first SLN block is 3.4 months. The mean CSI improvement 16.30. 95% confidence interval, 11.44–21.16; P < .0001. All patients in this study completed at least one session of cough suppression therapy with speech language pathology (SLP). No patients were on neuromodulators at the time of the SLN block.ConclusionsThere is a role for in‐office SLN block with lidocaine and steroids for patients with neurogenic cough, and can be an effective alternative to neuromodulators.Level of EvidenceNA
Oscillatory and periodic solutions of differential equations with piecewise constant generalized mixed arguments
Authors: Chiu Kuo‐Shou , Li Tongxing 
Published: July 2019

AbstractWe study scalar advanced and delayed differential equations with piecewise constant generalized arguments, in short DEPCAG of mixed type, that is, the arguments are general step functions. It is shown that the argument deviation generates, under certain conditions, oscillations of the solutions, which is an impossible phenomenon for the corresponding equation without the argument deviations. Criteria for existence of periodic solutions of such equations are discussed. New criteria extend and improve related results reported in the literature. The efficiency of our criteria is illustrated via several numerical examples and simulations.
Texture‐based, automatic contour validation for online adaptive replanning: A feasibility study on abdominal organs
Authors: Zhang Ying , Plautz Tia E. , Hao Yao , Kinchen Catherine , Li X. Allen 
Published: July 2019

PurposeEvaluation of contour accuracy in radiation therapy planning requires manual interaction and is one of the most limiting bottlenecks for online replanning. This study aims to develop an automatic approach to rapidly evaluate contour quality based on image texture features to facilitate the routine practice of online adaptive replanning (OLAR).MethodFifty‐five pancreas cancer patients were selected from a clinical database of patients treated at our institution from 2011 to 2018. For each patient, the pancreas head and duodenum were contoured in five images (one fraction per week) resulting in a total of 275 CT image sets with corresponding ground‐truth contours. A second set of inaccurate contours was generated using deformable‐image‐registration‐based contour propagation. Three subregions, core, inner shell and outer shell, were generated from the contour of each organ. Texture features were extracted from each subregion and descriptive features of each subregion were identified using the image set with corresponding ground‐truth contours. A three‐level decision tree model was constructed based on texture constraints empirically determined for the three subregions. The two datasets containing ground truth and inaccurate contours were merged. Randomized threefold cross‐validation was performed and repeated three times.ResultsThe first level of the decision tree utilizes textures derived from principal component analysis of a subset of extracted features from the core subregion (five PCs for pancreas head, seven PCs for duodenum). The second and third levels of the decision tree use gray‐level co‐occurrence matrix (GLCM)‐based cluster prominence to reject inaccurate contours. The trained model identifies accurate and inaccurate contours with an average sensitivity/specificity of 85%/91% for the pancreas head and 92%/92% for the duodenum contours. The false‐positive rate is 9% and 8% for pancreas head and duodenum, respectively. The execution time is less than 15 s using a standard desktop computer.ConclusionQuantitative image features can be used to develop a model to rapidly validate the quality of an organ contour. Our model accurately classifies unseen contours as accurate or inaccurate with high sensitivity and specificity. As auto‐segmentation continues to improve in quality and accuracy, this method may be integrated into a fully automatic pipeline for auto‐segmentation, contour‐quality evaluation and contour correction, which would replace the time‐consuming manual review process, thereby facilitating the more routine practice of OLAR.
Optimal mass transport kinetic modeling for head and neck DCE‐MRI: Initial analysis
Authors: Elkin Rena , Nadeem Saad , LoCastro Eve , Paudyal Ramesh , Hatzoglou Vaios , Lee Nancy Y. , Shukla‐Dave Amita , Deasy Joseph O. , Tannenbaum Allen 
Published: July 2019

PurposeCurrent state‐of‐the‐art models for estimating the pharmacokinetic parameters do not account for intervoxel movement of the contrast agent (CA). We introduce an optimal mass transport (OMT) formulation that naturally handles intervoxel CA movement and distinguishes between advective and diffusive flows.MethodTen patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) were enrolled in the study between June 2014 and October 2015 and underwent DCE MRI imaging prior to beginning treatment. The CA tissue concentration information was taken as the input in the data‐driven OMT model. The OMT approach was tested on HNSCC DCE data that provides quantitative information for forward flux () and backward flux (). OMT‐derived was compared with the volume transfer constant for CA, , derived from the Extended Tofts Model (ETM).ResultsThe OMT‐derived flows showed a consistent jump in the CA diffusive behavior across the images in accordance with the known CA dynamics. The mean forward flux was 0.0082 ± 0.0091 () whereas the mean advective component was 0.0052 ± 0.0086 () in the HNSCC patients. The diffusive percentages in forward and backward flux ranged from 8.67% to 18.76% and 12.76% to 30.36%, respectively. The OMT model accounts for intervoxel CA movement and results show that the forward flux () is comparable with the ETM‐derived .ConclusionsThis is a novel data‐driven study based on optimal mass transport principles applied to patient DCE imaging to analyze CA flow in HNSCC.
An energy‐stable mixed formulation for isogeometric analysis of incompressible hyperelastodynamics
Authors: Liu Ju , Marsden Alison L. , Tao Zhen 
Published: July 2019

SummaryWe develop a mixed formulation for incompressible hyperelastodynamics based on a continuum modeling framework recently developed in the work of Liu and Marsden and smooth generalizations of the Taylor‐Hood element based on nonuniform rational B‐splines (NURBSs). This continuum formulation draws a link between computational fluid dynamics and computational solid dynamics. This link inspires an energy stability estimate for the spatial discretization, which favorably distinguishes the formulation from the conventional mixed formulations for finite elasticity. The inf‐sup condition is utilized to provide a bound for the pressure field. The generalized‐α method is applied for temporal discretization, and a nested block preconditioner is invoked for the solution procedure. The inf‐sup stability for different pairs of NURBS elements is elucidated through numerical assessment. The convergence rate of the proposed formulation with various combinations of mixed elements is examined by the manufactured solution method. The numerical scheme is also examined under compressive and tensile loads for isotropic and anisotropic hyperelastic materials. Finally, a suite of dynamic problems is numerically studied to corroborate the stability and conservation properties.
Long‐term leukoencephalopathy and neurocognitive functioning in childhood sarcoma patients treated with high‐dose intravenous chemotherapy
Authors: Sleurs Charlotte , Lemiere Jurgen , Radwan Ahmed , Verly Marjolein , Elens Iris , Renard Marleen , Jacobs Sandra , Sunaert Stefan , Deprez Sabine , Uyttebroeck Anne 
Published: July 2019

AbstractPurposeKnowledge is limited regarding the prevalence and persistence of chemotherapy‐induced leukoencephalopathy in childhood sarcoma patients. This study explored the presence, clinical relevance, and potential risk factors of leukoencephalopathy in childhood bone and soft tissue sarcoma survivors, treated with intravenous chemotherapy.MethodsWe acquired cross‐sectional neurocognitive data in adult survivors (n = 34) (median age at diagnosis [AaD] = 13.32 years, age range = 16‐35 years) and healthy age‐matched controls (n = 34). Additionally, magnetic resonance imaging included T2‐weighted FLAIR (leukoencephalopathy Fazekas rating), multiexponential T2 relaxation (MET2), and multishell diffusion MRI to estimate myelin integrity‐related metrics and fluid movement restrictions. Finally, chemotherapy subgroups (methotrexate, alkylating agents, or combination), AaD, and Apoε and MTHFRC677T polymorphisms were explored as potential risk factors for leukoencephalopathy.ResultsAt the group level, quality of life, working memory, processing speed, and visual memory were significantly lower in patients compared to controls. Furthermore, long‐term leukoencephalopathy was observed in 27.2% of the childhood sarcoma survivors, which was related to attentional processing speed. Lesions were related to diffusion‐derived, but not to myelin‐sensitive metrics. A significant interaction effect between AaD and chemotherapy group demonstrated more lesions in case of high‐dose methotrexate (HD‐MTX) (F = 3.434, P = .047). However, patients treated with alkylating agents (without HD‐MTX) also showed lesions in younger patients. Genetic predictors were nonsignificant.Conclusion and implicationThis study suggests long‐term leukoencephalopathy with possibly underlying changes in vasculature, inflammation, or axonal injury, but not necessarily long‐term demyelination. Such lesions could affect processing speed, and as such long‐term daily life functioning of these patients.
Comparison of the physiological responses induced by different pediatric exercise field tests in children
Authors: Scalco Janaina C. , Minsky Rafaela C. , Mayer Anamaria F. , Caputo Fabrizio , Schivinski Camila I. S. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to compare the physiological responses induced by the modified shuttle walk test (MSWT), the 6‐minute walk test (6MWT), and the pediatric Glittre activities of daily living test for children (TGlittre‐P) in healthy children.MethodThis was an analytical observational cross‐sectional study. All subjects underwent an anthropometric evaluation, pulmonary function test, TGlittre‐P, 6MWT, and MSWT using a portable gas analyzer. Each test was conducted on the same day, and a maximum period of 15 days was considered for completion of the 3 days of data collection.ResultsOverall, 24 subjects were included (mean age, 9.78 ± 1.27 years). The peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak) during the MSWT (1409.94 ± 285.13 mL/kg/min) was significantly higher than that during the TGlittre‐P (982.19 ± 205.95 mL/kg/min) and 6MWT (982.85 ± 257.09 mL/kg/min) (P < .001 for both). There was no difference in VO2peak as well as most of the physiological variables between the 6MWT and TGlittre‐P (P = .987). The MSWT VO2peak correlated with the 6MWT VO2peak (r = 0.67; P = .00) and the TGlittre‐P VO2peak (r = 0.43; P = .04). The VO2peak values achieved in the 6MWT and TGlittre‐P were also correlated (r = 0.68; P = .00). Unlike in the MSWT, in which the physiological measurements show an incremental response, the VO2, heart rate, minute ventilation, and respiratory exchange ratio were stabilized in the TGlittre‐P and 6MWT.ConclusionThe TGlittre‐P and 6MWT showed similar physiological responses and required less metabolic, respiratory, and cardiovascular overload than the MSWT. The performance measures and VO2peak values obtained in the three tests were correlated.
Ventilation efficiency to exercise in patients with cystic fibrosis
Authors: Kampouras Asterios , Hatziagorou Elpis , Avramidou Vasiliki , Georgopoulou Vasiliki , Kirvassilis Fotis , Hebestreit Helge , Tsanakas John 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIntroductionExercise ventilation efficiency index in cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) is elevated in patients with heart failure providing useful information on disease progression and prognosis. Few data, however, exist for ventilation efficiency index among cystic fibrosis (CF) patients.AimsTo assess ventilation efficiency index (ΔVE/ΔVCO2 or V′E/V′CO2 slope) and intercept of ventilation (VE‐intercept) in CF patients with mild, moderate, and severe cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease. To assess possible correlations with ventilation inhomogeneity and structural damages as seen on high resolution computed tomography (HRCT).MethodsCF patients with mild (FEV1 > 80%, n = 47), moderate (60% < FEV1 < 80%, n = 21), and severe (FEV1 < 60%, n = 9) lung disease, mean age 14.9 years participated. Peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak), pulmonary ventilation at peak exercise (VE), respiratory equivalent ratios for oxygen and carbon dioxide at peak exercise (VE/VO2, VE/VCO2), end‐tidal CO2 (PetCO2), and ΔVE/ΔVCO2, ΔVE/ΔVO2 in a maximal CPET along with spirometry and multiple breath washout indices were examined. HRCT scans were performed and scored using Bhalla score.ResultsMean ΔVE/ΔVCO2 showed no significant differences among the three groups (P = .503). Mean VEint discriminated significantly among the different groups (p
2< 0.001). Ventilation efficiency index did not correlate either with LCI or Bhalla score. However, VE together with ΔVE/ΔVCO2 slope could predict Bhalla score (r
2 = 0.869, P = .006).ConclusionNo significant differences were found regarding ΔVE/ΔVCO2 slope levels between the three groups. Ventilation intercept (VEint) was elevated significantly as disease progresses reflecting increased dead space ventilation. CF patients retain their ventilation efficiency to exercise even as lung function deteriorates by adopting a higher respiratory rate along with increased dead space ventilation.
Cover Image, Volume 75, Issue 8
Authors: Larue Clayton T , Goley Michael , Shi Lei , Evdokimov Artem G , Sparks Oscar C , Ellis Christine , Wollacott Andrew M , Rydel Timothy J , Halls Coralie E , Van Scoyoc Brook , Fu Xiaoran , Nageotte Jeffrey R , Adio Adewale M , Zheng Meiying , Sturman Eric J , Garvey Graeme S , Varagona Marguerite J 
Published: July 2019

The cover image is based on Research Article Development of enzymes for robust aryloxyphenoxypropionate and synthetic auxin herbicide tolerance traits in maize and soybean crops by Clayton T Larue et al., DOI: 10.1002/ps.5393X‐ray crystallography was used to solve the structure of FT enzymes (FT_T shown in both ribbons and space fill views).
image
Relation of post‐traumatic stress disorder symptom severity to the efficacy of an animal‐assisted intervention for stress reduction after military aeromedical evacuation
Authors: Krause‐Parello Cheryl A. , Friedmann Erika , Wilson Candy , Hatzfeld Jennifer J. , Kolassa John , Hackney Alisha , Morales Kristie A. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAnimal‐assisted interventions (AAIs) have been found to decrease stress in some settings, but it is not known if AAI is feasible in an aeromedical staging facility or effective in reducing stress following aeromedical evacuation (AE) of military personnel. An experimental design was used to evaluate the efficacy of AAI at reducing stress in AE military patients (N = 120). Patients participated in a 20‐min AAI (n = 60) or 20‐min informational session about assistance dogs as an attention‐control group (n = 60). Demographics, post‐traumatic stress symptom severity (PTSSS), and stress biomarkers (cortisol, alpha‐amylase, and immunoglobulin A) were collected regular intervals. AAI was found feasible and efficacious at reducing stress. Cortisol decreased significantly (p < .05) in the AAI group compared with the attention‐control group. PTSSS moderated the immunoglobulin A responses to AAI as demonstrated by the interaction of PTSD Checklist–Military Version score, group, and time, F(1, 111.23) = 4.15 p = .044; effect size: d = 0.31. This research supports AAI as a stress‐reducing modality in AE patients, particularly those who report higher PTSSS. Implications for future research are discussed.
Effective widths for class 1 and 2 composite girders at negative moments
Authors: Dulevski Encho 
Published: July 2019

AbstractWhen ascertaining the effective widths of class 1 and 2 composite girders, it is claimed that at ULS, Eurocode 4 procedures give highly conservative results. A new approach to the problem is proposed in which the strain limitation values are introduced after deriving a new formula (graphically presented) with the intention of replacing the existing one. It turns out that the new effective width is significantly larger. Such a result leads to some advantages in reinforcement distribution in the support areas of continuous girders. It might also lead to some savings in reinforcing and structural steel. This is demonstrated by an example. Another example shows a situation in which the rough application of Eurocode 4 may produce a design with a lack of reliability for some of the bridge superstructure elements. The results obtained may also be useful for situations where a structure with composite girders already in service has to be redesigned for increased loads.
Curing effect on the properties of high‐performance mortars incorporating recycled glass powder
Authors: Öz Hatice Öznur , Demirel Sevgi , Güneş Muhammet 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis study presents the effects of water curing (WC) and steam curing (SC) on the fresh and hardened properties of high‐performance mortar (HPM) incorporating recycled glass powder (RGP). In addition, this study evaluates the environmental effects of RGP. For this purpose, HPM samples were prepared in which cement was partially replaced by RGP ranged from 0% to 20% by steps of 5% increment. Tests were performed on fresh mortar involved slump flow diameter, and the hardened properties of HPMs incorporating RGP (HPMRGP) were evaluated via mechanical and durability tests at 28th and 56th days, respectively. In addition, microstructural investigations (scanning electron microscopy/energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis/differential thermal analysis analyses) were performed to support the mechanical and durability performances of HPMs exposed to SC and WC. Finally, life cycle assessment of HPMs was conducted through cradle‐to‐gate life‐cycle impact assessment approach. Based on all these test results, it can be stated that the best results were obtained from HPMs containing 20% RGP.
The accuracy of the lumped plasticity model for estimating nonlinear behavior of reinforced concrete frames under gradually increasing vertical loads
Authors: Vafaei Mohammadreza , Alih Sophia C. , Fallah Ali 
Published: July 2019

AbstractSimplicity and computational efficiency of the lumped plasticity model have made it a popular approach for analyzing structures. However, it has been shown by researchers that the accuracy of the lumped plasticity model for representing the inelastic behavior of reinforced concrete (RC) structures needs further investigations. Two full‐scale RC frames with different shear spans were constructed and subjected to the vertical load through their beam. Finite element (FE) models of the tested specimens were established in SAP2000 software, and their results were compared with the experimental tests. The effects of using different plastic hinge lengths, initial effective stiffness, and locations of plastic hinges were investigated. It was observed that regardless of the selected plastic hinge lengths, the established FE models estimated the yield and ultimate loads of the frames accurately. However, they did not estimate accurately the vertical displacements corresponding to the yield and ultimate loads. Results also indicated that the obtained yield and ultimate loads from the established FE models were significantly influenced by the selected locations for plastic hinges. Moreover, at the ultimate load of frames the estimated damage level to the mid‐span of beams by FE models was lower than the results of experimental tests.