bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Who Gets What? The Interactive Effect of MPs’ Sex in Committee Assignments in Portugal
Authors: Espírito-Santo Ana , Sanches Edalina Rodrigues 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThis article investigates the role of key individual-level factors, namely expertise, seniority and preferences in women’s assignments to legislative committees. It focuses on Portugal and draws on biographical data on MPs in five elections until 2009 and interviews with 20 legislators in 2014. The results show that female and male MPs have a similar probability of being appointed to powerful and economic issue committees, but female MPs are more likely to be appointed to social issue committees regardless of expertise and seniority. Although this outcome might be the product of their own preferences, it is influenced by embedded gender norms.
Ingrowth of Nociceptive Receptors into Diseased Cervical Intervertebral Disc Is Associated with Discogenic Neck Pain
Authors: Wu Bing , Yang Liang , Peng Baogan 
Published: January 2019

AbstractObjective. To investigate the distribution of nociceptive nerve fibers in the cervical intervertebral discs of patients with chronic neck pain and determine whether these nociceptive nerve fibers are related to discogenic neck pain. Methods. We collected 43 samples of cervical intervertebral discs from 34 patients with severe chronic neck pain (visual analog scale [VAS] ≥ 70 mm), 42 samples from 36 patients who suffered cervical spondylotic radiculopathy or myelopathy without neck pain or with mild neck pain (VAS ≤ 30 mm) and 32 samples from eight donators to investigate their innervation immunohistochemically using an antibody against neuropeptide substance P. Results. The immunohistochemical investigation revealed that substance P–positive nerve fibers were obviously increased in number and deeply ingrown into the inner anulus fibrosus and even into the nucleus pulposus in the degenerative cervical discs of patients with severe neck pain in comparison with the discs of patients with cervical spondylotic radiculopathy or myelopathy and normal control discs (P<0.01). Conclusions. The current study may indicate a key role of nociceptive nerve fibers in the pathogenesis of neck pain of cervical disc origin.
OSF-Builder: A New Tool for Constructing and Representing Evolutionary Histories Involving Introgression
Authors: Scholz Guillaume E , Popescu Andrei-Alin , Taylor Martin I , Moulton Vincent , Huber Katharina T 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIntrogression is an evolutionary process which provides an important source of innovation for evolution. Although various methods have been used to detect introgression, very few methods are currently available for constructing evolutionary histories involving introgression. In this article, we propose a new method for constructing such evolutionary histories whose starting point is a species forest (consisting of a collection of lineage trees, usually arising as a collection of clades or monophyletic groups in a species tree), and a gene tree for a specific allele of interest, or allele tree for short. Our method is based on representing introgression in terms of a certain “overlay” of the allele tree over the lineage trees, called an overlaid species forest (OSF). OSFs are similar to phylogenetic networks although a key difference is that they typically have multiple roots because each monophyletic group in the species tree has a different point of origin. Employing a new model for introgression, we derive an efficient algorithm for building OSFs called OSF-Builder that is guaranteed to return an optimal OSF in the sense that the number of potential introgression events is minimized. As well as using simulations to assess the performance of OSF-Builder, we illustrate its use on a butterfly data set in which introgression has been previously inferred. The OSF-Builder software is available for download from https://www.uea.ac.uk/computing/software/OSF-Builder.
The change of Th17/Treg cells and IL-10/IL-17 in Chinese children with Henoch–Schonlein purpura
Authors: Li Bowen , Ren Qian , Ling Jizu , Tao Zhongbin , Yang Xuemei , Li Yuning 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Background:
To date, the relationship of Th17 and Treg cells to Henoch–Schonlein purpura (HSP) in children remains controversial. Therefore, a systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to reveal the potential role of the Th17 and Treg cells in children in acute stage of HSP.

Methods:
PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and China National Knowledge Internet (CNKI) were systematically searched for eligible studies up to November 03, 2017. Quality assessment was carried out according to the modification of the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). The data were analyzed by Stata SE12.0 (StataCorp, College Station, TX). Standard mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) was calculated continuous data.

Results:
A total of 25 eligible studies were identified after a thorough literature search. The pooled results of the meta-analysis showed that values of Th17 frequency (SMD = 2.60; 95% CI: 1.98 to 3.23; P < .0001; I2 = 90.3%, P < .0001) and IL-17 level (SMD = 3.53; 95% CI: 2.71 to 4.35; P < .0001; I2 = 95.6%, P < .001) were significantly higher in children with HSP as compared to healthy children. In contrast, our analysis showed significant lower values of Treg frequency (SMD = -2.86; 95% CI: -3.53 to -2.19; P < .001; I2 = 92.4%, P < .001). However, no significance of IL-10 level was observed between children with HSP and healthy children (SMD = -1.22; 95% CI: -2.78 to 0.33; P < .01; I2 = 95.9%, P < .001).

Conclusion:
In conclusion, our meta-analysis indicated that increased frequency of Th17 cells and level of IL-17, but lower frequency of Treg cells are associated with HSP in childhood. Considering the limitations of this meta-analysis, large-scaled studies need to be conducted to validate the current results.
Neural correlates of the effects of tDCS stimulation over the LIFG for phonological processing in dyslexia
Authors: de Almeida Lílian Rodrigues , Hansen Peter C. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractFindings of neuroimaging and brain stimulation research suggest that the motor system takes part in phonological processing at least to some extent in healthy speakers. Phonological processing involves a core network of brain regions, the dorsal pathway, where motoric aspects of speech sounds are analysed by the left inferior frontal gyrus (LIFG) and auditory aspects by the left superior temporal gyrus (LSTG). The extent to which each node of the dorsal pathway takes part in phonological processing has been shown to depend on the nature of the task and on the functional integrity of the network. Tasks of speech production rely more on the LIFG, and tasks of speech perception rely more on the LSTG. Persons with dyslexia (PWD) are known to present a deficit in phonological processing. Neuroimaging research has shown that dyslexia typically affects the LSTG, with hypoactivation, and the LIFG, with hyperactivation. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has been widely used for cognitive research in humans. It has been recently suggested in the literature that perturbations induced by brain stimulation can cause the weights of nodes in cognitive networks to transiently rearrange. In this study we used tDCS and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to investigate the functioning of the dorsal pathway for phonological processing in PWD with tasks of speech production and speech perception. We targeted the LIFG with anodal, cathodal and sham tDCS. For healthy speakers, cathodal tDCS should downregulate performance when the target had high relevance for the task, such as the LIFG for speech production. For targets of smaller relevance, improved performance should be observed due to compensation by the most relevant node(s). Anodal tDCS should improve performance as a function of the relevance of the target for the task. PWD were expected to deviate from this pattern to some extent, especially when compensation by the LSTG was needed during cathodal tDCS of the LIFG for a task of speech perception. Results corroborated the theoretical claim that codes for articulation take part in the processing of speech sounds. However, our findings showed that the PWD pattern of response to tDCS for phonological processing in tasks of speech production and speech perception differed from that expected for healthy speakers. Anodal tDCS of the LIFG induced larger facilitation for the speech perception than for the speech production task, as well as larger compensation for the latter under cathodal tDCS. Findings indicate that tDCS is a promising diagnosis tool for the investigation of alterations in phonological processing caused by dyslexia.
PaKman: Scalable Assembly of Large Genomes on Distributed Memory Machines
Authors: Ghosh Priyanka , Krishnamoorthy Sriram , Kalyanaraman Ananth 
Published: January 2019

AbstractDe novo genome assembly is a fundamental problem in the field of bioinformatics, that aims to assemble the DNA sequence of an unknown genome from numerous short DNA fragments (aka reads) obtained from it. With the advent of high-throughput sequencing technologies, billions of reads can be generated in a matter of hours, necessitating efficient parallelization of the assembly process. While multiple parallel solutions have been proposed in the past, conducting a large-scale assembly at scale remains a challenging problem because of the inherent complexities associated with data movement, and irregular access footprints of memory and I/O operations. In this paper, we present a novel algorithm, called PaKman, to address the problem of performing large-scale genome assemblies on a distributed memory parallel computer. Our approach focuses on improving performance through a combination of novel data structures and algorithmic strategies for reducing the communication and I/O footprint during the assembly process. PaKman presents a solution for the two most time-consuming phases in the full genome assembly pipeline, namely, k-mer counting and contig generation.A key aspect of our algorithm is its graph data structure, which comprises fat nodes (or what we call “macro-nodes”) that reduce the communication burden during contig generation. We present an extensive performance and qualitative evaluation of our algorithm, including comparisons to other state-of-the-art parallel assemblers. Our results demonstrate the ability to achieve near-linear speedups on up to 8K cores (tested); outperform state-of-the-art distributed memory and shared memory tools in performance while delivering comparable (if not better) quality; and reduce time to solution significantly. For instance, PaKman is able to generate a high-quality set of assembled contigs for complex genomes such as the human and wheat genomes in a matter of minutes on 8K cores.
Respiratory Muscle Training Improves Speech and Pulmonary Function in COPD Patients in a Home Health Setting - a Pilot Study
Authors: Bausek N , Havenga L , Aldarondo S 
Published: January 2019

Clinical Context and Key FindingsHome-based COPD managment, as provided by certified home-health providers, represents a cornerstone of patient care.Resporatory muscle trainig (RMT) reduces symptoms of COPD and improves underlying respiratory muscle weakness, and may be a beneficial adjunct of standard of care treatment plans.This 4 Week pilot study shows that RMT in combination with a standard of care home-based COPD management program can improve pulmonary and speech functions.
A numerical method for solving fractional differential equations
Authors: ul Abdeen Zain , Rehman Mujeeb ur 
Published: January 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to present a computational technique based on Newton–Cotes quadrature rule for solving fractional order differential equation.

Design/methodology/approach
The numerical method reduces initial value problem into a system of algebraic equations. The method presented here is also applicable to non-linear differential equations. To deal with non-linear equations, a recursive sequence of approximations is developed using quasi-linearization technique.

Findings
The method is tested on several benchmark problems from the literature. Comparison shows the supremacy of proposed method in terms of robust accuracy and swift convergence. Method can work on several similar types of problems.

Originality/value
It has been demonstrated that many physical systems are modelled more accurately by fractional differential equations rather than classical differential equations. Therefore, it is vital to propose some efficient numerical method. The computational technique presented in this paper is based on Newton–Cotes quadrature rule and quasi-linearization. The key feature of the method is that it works efficiently for non-linear problems.
Combined effects of ferromagnetic particles and magnetic field on mixed convection in the Falkner-Skan system using DRA
Authors: Kezzar Mohamed , Boumaiza Nawel , Tabet Ismail , Nafir Nourreddine 
Published: January 2019

PurposeThis paper aims to traitted the combined effects of ferromagnetic particles and magnetic field on mixed convection in the Falkner Skan equation using analytical solution by the Duan–Rach method.Design/methodology/approachVisualization and grouping of effects of various physical parameters such as electrical conductivity of ferro-particles (electrical conductivity calculated using Maxwell model), ferro fluid volume fraction for Magnetite-Fe3O4-water and magnetic field represented by the Hartmann number in a set of third- and second-order nonlinear coupled ordinary differential equations. This set of equations is analytically processed using the Duan–Rach Approach (DRA).FindingsObtained DRA results are validated using a numerical solution (Runge–Kutta–Fehlberg-based shooting method). The main objective of this research is to analyze the influence of physical parameters, in particular electrical conductivity, Ferrofluid volume fraction in the case of Magnetite-Fe3O4-water, in addition to the types of solid nanoparticles and Hartmann number on dynamic and thermal distributions (velocity/temperature). Results of the comparison between the numerical solution (Runge–Kutta–Fehlberg-based shooting method) and the analytical solution (DRA) show that the DRA data are in good agreement with numerical data and available literature.Originality/valueThe study uses Runge–Kutta–Fehlberg-based shooting method) and the analytical solution (DRA) to investigate the effect of mixed convection, in the presence of Ferro particles (Magnetite-Fe3O4) in a basic fluid (water for example) and subjected to an external magnetic field on the Falkner–Skan system.
Mixed implications of private supplementary tutoring for students’ learning
Authors: Mahmud Rafsan 
Published: January 2019

PurposePrivate supplementary tutoring, common in many countries, has mixed (both positive and negative) dimensions that impact student learning. Private supplementary tutoring runs parallel to mainstream schooling and provides lessons before or after school hours in exchange for additional fees. The purpose of this paper is to focus on how private supplementary tutoring benefits students’ learning in secondary education. It also identifies the drawbacks of tutoring, and shows variations in and between urban and rural locations.Design/methodology/approachThe paper employed a mixed methods approach using a survey and individual interview collected from two different research settings: urban and rural. Grades 8 and 10 were purposefully chosen for data collection. A sample of 802 participants, including 401 students and their 401 parents (either mothers or fathers), participated in the survey, in addition to 48 interviewees comprising students, parents and teachers.FindingsAt times, pupils’ educational perspectives are influenced by the conflicting (positive/negative) standpoints of tutoring issues. The paper finds mixed impacts of private tutoring with a focus on disparities of implications between urban and rural locations. It identifies positive aspects such as learning attainment, exam preparation, relationship growth and lesson practice, as well as negative perspectives, such as an examination-centered aim and hamper of mainstream school learning.Originality/valueThe study contributes to the awareness of private supplementary tutoring that benefits students’ learning while also bringing disadvantages. It shows implications of fee-charging tutoring which may relate to students’ family socio-economic situations. The paper addresses private tutoring in general (including English and all other subjects) in most cases, and, more specifically, private tutoring in English as a subject in some cases.
International students in Kazakhstan
Authors: Mukhamejanova Dinara 
Published: January 2019

PurposeKazakhstan has taken considerable steps to improve the incoming mobility of international students; however, despite these measures, the number of international students studying in Kazakhstan is still very low. Research indicates that in order to attract and retain international students it is necessary to build a thorough understanding of their experiences in the host country. The purpose of this paper is to gain a better understanding of international students’ experiences in Kazakhstan by exploring how they exercise their human agency while adapting to the academic and socio-cultural life in Kazakhstan.Design/methodology/approachThe author used a purposeful criterion sampling to select six international students from Afghanistan, Great Britain, Russia, South Korea, Ukraine and the USA studying at Kazakhstani universities to participate in this research. The primary data collection was semi-structured in-depth interviews. Supportive methods included a demographic questionnaire and a researcher journal.FindingsThe study revealed that the international students actively employed their human agency to negotiate their studying and to adapt to their life in Kazakhstan. They did not simply adjust to the host environment, but also learned from it and attempted to transform it according to their circumstances and goals.Research limitations/implicationsThe implication is that Kazakhstani universities and any other higher education institutions that seek to increase the number of their international students should consider not only how to attract these students, but also how to adapt their institution’s practices and regulations to create an inclusive learning environment for their diverse student population. It is also very important for higher education institutions to provide international students with the necessary conditions to exercise their human agency because as it was revealed by this study, international students’ human agency is a very powerful mechanism helping them live and learn comfortably in their host country.Originality/valueTaking into consideration the reviewed previous research, this was the first attempt to use Albert Bandura’s social cognitive theory for the purpose of building an understanding about how international students exercise their agency while adapting to the academic and socio-cultural life in the host country. The social cognitive theory allows investigating international students as active and self-sufficient agents of their own adaptation process who can and do change themselves, and have the potential to navigate and alter their host environment to achieve their own goals. This study encourages researchers and practitioners to think about international students outside the dimension of internationalization as a means of improving country’s economic capital.
The role of personalization on continuance intention in food service mobile apps
Authors: Kang Jee-Won , Namkung Young 
Published: January 2019

PurposeThis paper aims to examine consumers’ behaviors toward personalized services offered by branded mobile apps in the food service industry by applying privacy calculus theory and technology acceptance model (TAM). Further, this research identified the moderating role of technology anxiety.Design/methodology/approachAn online survey was carried out to investigate the role of personalization on continuance intention toward branded mobile apps. In total, 348 valid responses were analyzed to test hypotheses using structural equation modeling.FindingsThe results show that personalization had significantly affected perceived benefit, perceived risk and perceived ease of use. Perceived benefit had positive effects on perceived value of disclosure, but perceived risk did not affect perceived value of disclosure. Perceived value of disclosure and perceived ease of use were linked to trust. Trust, in turn, positively affected intentions to use mobile apps. With regard to the moderating effect of technology anxiety, it had a significant moderating impact on the relationship between personalization and perceived risk. However, it did not moderate the relationship between personalization and perceived benefit.Practical implicationsThe findings of this study could provide useful theoretical and practical implications related to the successful implementation of mobile marketing.Originality/valueThis study proposes the integrated model of privacy calculus theory and the TAM for deeper understanding of the customers’ responses toward personalization of branded mobile apps.
Migrant women’s health and housing insecurity: an intersectional analysis
Authors: Hanley Jill , Ives Nicole , Lenet Jaime , Hordyk Shawn-Renee , Walsh Christine , Ben Soltane Sonia , Este David 
Published: January 2019

PurposeThis paper presents an analysis of how health intersects with the experience of housing insecurity and homelessness, specifically for migrant women. The authors argue that it is important to understand the specificities of the interplay of these different factors to continue the advancement of our understanding and practice as advocates for health and housing security.Design/methodology/approachAn exploratory, qualitative, methodological approach was adopted, using a broad definition of housing insecurity: from absolute homelessness (e.g. residing rough) to invisible homelessness (e.g. couch surfing) to those at risk of homelessness. In total, 26 newcomer (foreign-born women who came to live in Canada during the previous ten years, regardless of their immigration status) women were recruited in Montreal, Canada. Participants were recruited directly through advertisements in public places and in collaboration with community organizations (women’s centers, homeless shelters, crisis centers, domestic violence shelters, immigrant settlement agencies and ethnic associations) and they self-identified as having experienced housing insecurity. Efforts were made to include a diversity of immigrant statuses as well as diversity in ethnicity, race, country of origin, family composition, sexual orientation, age and range of physical and mental ability. Women were engaged in semi-structured, open-ended interviews lasting approximately 1 h. Interviews were conducted in English or French in a location and time of participants’ choosing.FindingsThe findings are presented around three themes: how health problems instigate and maintain migrant women’s housing insecurity and homelessness; ways in which women’s immigration trajectories and legal status may influence their health experiences; and particular coping strategies that migrant women employ in efforts to maintain or manage their health. The authors conclude with implications of these findings for both policy and practice in relation to migrant women who experience or are at risk of housing insecurity and homelessness.Originality/valueIntersections of women experiencing migration and housing insecurity in Canadian contexts have rarely been examined. This paper addresses a gap in the literature in terms of topic and context, but also in terms of sharing the voices of migrant women with direct experience with housing insecurity.