bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Real-world experience of fingolimod in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS Fine): An observational study in the UK
Authors: Mazibrada Gordon , Sharples Charlotte , Perfect Ines 
Published: October 2018

Background Fingolimod is approved for the treatment of highly active relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis in Europe. There is limited information on its effectiveness and safety in clinical practice within the UK. Objective To evaluate retrospectively the effectiveness and safety of fingolimod in patients with relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis who were prescribed fingolimod by UK neurologists within the National Health Service. Methods This was a multicentre, observational study conducted in the UK. Patients were initiated on fingolimod 0.5 mg 12 months before inclusion in the study. Key efficacy outcomes included annualised relapse rate and the proportion of patients free from relapses, disability progression and clinical and radiological disease activity at 12 months following fingolimod initiation. Resource utilisation and safety outcomes were also assessed. Results In 12 months of treatment with fingolimod, the mean annualised relapse rate was reduced by 79%, the majority of patients were free from relapses (83.7%). Based on limited data, most patients were free from disability progression and clinical and radiological disease activity. More than 90% of patients continued on fingolimod. Lymphocyte count reductions and liver enzyme increases were observed. Conclusion Fingolimod was effective in reducing the disease activity in relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis patients requiring an escalation from first-line therapies who were prescribed fingolimod in clinical practice in the UK.
Patients’ Experiences of Participating Actively in Shared Decision-Making in Mental Care
Authors: Beyene Lise Sæstad , Severinsson Elisabeth , Hansen Britt Sætre , Rørtveit Kristine 
Published: October 2018

Background: Patients in mental care express a wish for more active participation. Shared decision-making is a way of increasing patient participation. There is lack of research into what the shared decision-making process means and how the patients can participate in and experience it in the context of mental care. Objective: To describe patient participation in shared decision-making in the context of indoor mental care. Method: A qualitative content analysis of data from in-depth interviews with 16 patients was performed. Results: One main theme was revealed: thriving in relation to participating actively in a complementary ensemble of care, which represented the red thread between 2 themes: having mental space to discover my way forward and being in a position to express my case. Conclusion: Patients can participate actively in shared decision-making when the patients’ and the mental health-care professionals’ joint expertise is applied throughout their mental care. The patients experience thriving when participating actively in a complementary ensemble of care.
Classifying 3D objects in LiDAR point clouds with a back-propagation neural network
Authors: Song Wei , Zou Shuanghui , Tian Yifei , Fong Simon , Cho Kyungeun 
Published: October 2018

AbstractDue to object recognition accuracy limitations, unmanned ground vehicles (UGVs) must perceive their environments for local path planning and object avoidance. To gather high-precision information about the UGV’s surroundings, Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) is frequently used to collect large-scale point clouds. However, the complex spatial features of these clouds, such as being unstructured, diffuse, and disordered, make it difficult to segment and recognize individual objects. This paper therefore develops an object feature extraction and classification system that uses LiDAR point clouds to classify 3D objects in urban environments. After eliminating the ground points via a height threshold method, this describes the 3D objects in terms of their geometrical features, namely their volume, density, and eigenvalues. A back-propagation neural network (BPNN) model is trained (over the course of many iterations) to use these extracted features to classify objects into five types. During the training period, the parameters in each layer of the BPNN model are continually changed and modified via back-propagation using a non-linear sigmoid function. In the system, the object segmentation process supports obstacle detection for autonomous driving, and the object recognition method provides an environment perception function for terrain modeling. Our experimental results indicate that the object recognition accuracy achieve 91.5% in outdoor environment.
The Hidden Face of Cultural Heritage: a science window for the dissemination of elementary knowledge of risk and vulnerability in cultural heritage
Authors: Ortiz Pilar , Ortiz Rocío , Martín José María , Rodríguez-Griñolo Rosario , Vázquez María Auxiliadora , Gómez-Morón María Auxiliadora , Sameño Marta , Loza Luisa , Guerra Carmen , Macías-Bernal Juan Manuel , Becerra Javier 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
The dissemination of research in cultural heritage preservation to the public is a task that needs new models and expressions, to capture the attention of the public and the assessment of results. With this purpose, a new educational experience in Parque de las Ciencias (Science Park of Granada, Spain) was developed. The science window titled Hidden Face of Cultural Heritage (ScW-CH) was an exhibition to show the risks (hazards + vulnerability) associated to different artworks and materials of our cultural heritage (CH). ScW-CH was led by the researchers themselves, in collaboration with museum specialists, in order to develop a new model that makes their research accessible to all demographics. An innovative methodology based into simulating a showcase, was designed to study hazards and vulnerability in CH. Therefore, the montage contained materials, equipment, information sheets, and guides to accompany visitors as storytellers. The aim of the exhibition, was for the visitors to understand the risks posed to our monuments and artworks from a scientific point of view, and to raise awareness about the care that we should give to our CH. The ScW-CH was held for 6 months and visited by 8226 visitors. During the exhibition, a survey about the opinion of visitors was carried out to study the impact of the designed new model and assess the results of the experience. The collected data was analysed by the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (version 22.0). Visitors usually presented a medium–high initial interest about visiting this exhibition, and a medium–low level of knowledge of this subject. Thanks to ScW-CH, 92% of visitors showed a very high learning level after the experience. The ratio of interest and learning in the ScW-CH in relationship with the level of study showed that secondary school pupils had the highest degree of interest and learning.
Two-Dimensional Metal Oxide Nanosheets as Building Blocks for Artificial Photosynthetic Assemblies
Authors: Maeda Kazuhiko , Mallouk Thomas E 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Two-dimensional metal oxide nanosheets are versatile materials for constructing artificial photosynthetic systems that can carry out photocatalytic processes such as water splitting and CO2 fixation. Nanosheets are anisotropic single-crystals that have thicknesses of 1–2 nm and lateral dimensions ranging from several hundreds of nanometers to a few micrometers. This structural feature is advantageous for use as heterogeneous photocatalysts, because the diffusion length of photogenerated electron/hole pairs to the surface can be shortened, with less probability of electron/hole recombination. In this Account, recent progress on the development of metal oxide nanosheets and related materials for applications in photocatalytic water splitting and CO2 fixation made by the authors' groups is described.
Effect of hydatid cyst antigens on inhibition of melanoma cancer growth in mouse model
Authors: Rostami rad Shahla , Daneshpour Shima , Mofid Mohammad reza , Andalib Alireza , Eskandariyan Abbasali , Yousofi Darani Hossein 
Published: October 2018

Cancer is the main cause of death in the developed countries. There are some scientific evidences indicating that parasitic infections induce antitumor activity against certain types of cancers. Hydatid cyst is the larval stage of Echinococcus granulosus, which causes hydatidosis in human and livestock. We have already shown that vaccination of mice with hydatid cyst crude antigens and subsequently challenge them with cancer cells, causes inhibition of melanoma cancer growth. In this study, therapeutic effects of hydatid cyst antigens on C57/black mice that had already been challenged with melanoma tumor were investigated. In this experimental study, 6 groups of C57 black mice were subcutaneously inoculated with melanoma cancer cells (line B16F10) in PBS inside their chest site. After 2 weeks case groups were injected with hydatid cyst fluid, a fraction of cyst fluid, live protoscolices or BCG. control groups were injected with alum alone and other control group was left intact without any intervention. The size of each tumor was measured in all mice. Blood samples were also taken to estimate Interleukin-2 (IL-2), Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-Î±), Interferon gamma (IFN-Î³) and Interleukin-4 (IL-4) levels. Treatment of mice bearing melanoma cancer with hydatid cyst antigens resulted in inhibition of tumor growth and the difference between mean size of tumor in case and control groups was statistically significant. Also, according to our results mean level of measured cytokines between case and control groups was statistically different. Hydatid cyst antigens have anti-melanoma activities and this effect may be related to immune response to parasite antigens.
A PROCEDURE FOR OPTIMAL DESIGN OF A DYNAMIC VIBRATION ABSORBER INSTALLED IN THE DAMPED PRIMARY SYSTEM BASED ON TAGUCHI’S METHOD
Authors: Khang Nguyen Van 
Published: October 2018

The dynamic vibration absorber (DVA) has been widely applied in various technical fields. This paper presents a procedure for designing the optimal parameters of a dynamic vibration absorber attached to a damped primary system. The values of the optimal parameters of the DVA obtained by the Taguchi’s method are compared by the results obtained by other methods. The comparison results show the advantages of the procedure presented in this study
Evaluación del efecto de Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) en el crecimiento de plántulas de Oreopanax floribundus (Araliaceae)
Authors: Calderón-Hernández Manuela 
Published: October 2018

Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood) es un insecto fitófago que afecta diversos tipos de cultivos. En las labores del Jardín Botánico de Bogotá para la propagación masiva de especies nativas de bosque altoandino y páramo, se ha evidenciado la presencia de la mosca blanca. El objetivo del presente estudio fue documentar si Oreopanax floribundus podía ser una planta huésped de T. vaporariorum, y determinar si la presencia de este fitófago afectaba su crecimiento. El experimento incluyó tres tratamientos: T1 = control, T2 = plántulas con una infestación baja de T. vaporariorum, y T3 = plántulas con una infestación alta. El registro se realizó en dos momentos, al inicio del experimento (t0) y dos meses después de la infestación (t1). Se registró la altura, el número de hojas y el peso seco en los dos momentos, así como la cantidad de ninfas en el t1 en hojas nuevas y viejas. Se encontraron diferencias entre el número de ninfas presentes en hojas nuevas y hojas viejas (p<0,05), pero no se encontraron diferencias entre los tratamientos en cuanto al crecimiento medido en peso seco y número de hojas (p>0,05). Se presentaron diferencias (p<0,05) en la altura entre los tratamientos, siendo mayor el crecimiento con T2 y T3 que con T1. En conclusión, se aportó evidencia que permite catalogar a O. floribundus como una planta huésped de T. vaporariorum, y se abrió la posibilidad de estudiar con mayor profundidad si O. floribundus puede ser una planta tolerante a T. vaporariorum, lo cual es favorable para la propagacion masiva de esta especie. © 2018. Acad. Colomb. Cienc. Ex. Fis. Nat.
On Bäcklund Transformation Between Timelike Curves in Minkowski Space-Time
Authors: Erdoğdu Melek , Özdemir Mustafa 
Published: October 2018

The aim of this paper is to define
Bäcklund transformation between two timelike curves in four dimensional
Minkowski space. For this purpose, we examine the transformation depending on
the choice of rotation matrix which determines the relations between Frenet
frames of timelike Bäcklund curves. There are three different cases for
rotation matrix; two of them are spherical rotations on the spacelike hyperplane
and one of them is hyperbolical rotation on the timelike hyperplane. For each
case, we get the relations between curvature functions of timelike Bäcklund
curves. By the way, we prove that timelike Bäcklund curves must have equal constant
second torsion functions up to sign. This also means that Bäcklund
transformation is a transformation which maps a timelike curve with constant
second torsion to another timelike curve with constant second torsion.
Asociación entre conducta alimentaria y estado nutricional en preescolares chilenos
Authors: Henríquez Konings Fabiola Paz , Lanuza Rilling Fabian Ignacio , Bustos Medina Luis Humberto , González San Martín Andrea , Hazbún Game Julia Isabel 
Published: October 2018

Introducción: la conducta alimentaria se asocia con el estado nutricional en edades tempranas. Sin embargo, en Chile aún no existen estudios que evalúen esta relación en la etapa preescolar.Objetivo: asociar el estado nutricional y la conducta alimentaria de preescolares chilenos.Método: estudio de corte transversal en 247 preescolares (2-4 años) de la Región de la Araucanía, Chile. Se evaluó el estado nutricional a través del índice antropométrico peso/talla y perímetro de cintura/edad. Se aplicó la encuesta Child Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (CEBQ) a las madres para evaluar la conducta alimentaria de sus hijos.Resultados: ciento treinta fueron hombres y 117 fueron mujeres, con una malnutrición por exceso del 58,6% y 49,6%, respectivamente. Las puntuaciones de conducta alimentaria (CA) proingesta presentaron una asociación positiva y significativa con el estado nutricional y la dimensión respuesta a los alimentos. En cuanto a las puntuaciones de CA antiingesta, se observó una tendencia inversa no significativa con el estado nutricional; sin embargo, existe una asociación negativa y significativa en las dimensiones respuesta a la saciedad y lentitud para comer.Conclusión: la conducta alimentaria proingesta se asocia directamente con el estado nutricional y la conducta antiingesta, de manera inversa solo con ciertas dimensiones.
Productos lácteos suplementados y salud ósea
Authors: Muñoz Torres Manuel , Muñoz Garach Araceli 
Published: October 2018

El calcio y la vitamina D son dos nutrientes esenciales para la salud ósea en todas las etapas de vida por mecanismos fisiológicos bien conocidos. Así, estos nutrientes favorecen tanto la adquisición como el mantenimiento de la masa ósea y su integridad estructural, lo que confiere una resistencia óptima a las cargas mecánicas habituales. Sin embargo, los beneficios de la ingesta de preparados lácteos enriquecidos en calcio, suplementados con vitamina D y otros micronutrientes en poblaciones sin déficits nutricionales significativos, no se encuentran bien establecidos. Barnuevo y cols., en este número de la revista Nutrición Hospitalaria, realizan un ensayo clínico aleatorizado en 114 mujeres premenopáusicas (edad media 39,2 años) que fueron seguidas durante 18 meses administrando tres preparados lácteos diferentes.
La Regla de Oro, entre el Amor y la Justicia. Signaturas políticas y teológicas en la ética de Paul Ricoeur
Authors: Grassi Martín 
Published: October 2018

En el presente artículo llevaremos adelante una lectura creativa y crítica de la obra ética de Paul Ricoeur, centrándonos en los desplazamientos semánticos que van desde la ética a la moral, desde lo formal a lo material, de lo singular a lo político, y de lo ético a lo teológico, a partir de la noción de Justicia. Para ello, nos centraremos en la consideración operativa de la justicia, en lo que llamaremos su sentido económico, y en su referencia a la Alteridad. Esta ambivalencia de la Justicia puede ser pensada desde la dialéctica que propone el pensador francés entre el amor y la justicia, y sobre todo en el caso emblemático de la «Regla de Oro». Es en este caso donde podrán confirmarse las signaturas éticas, políticas y teológicas que rodean a la idea de Justicia.
El Aidós en la fundación del orden social. Observaciones del humanismo griego
Authors: Junco de Calabrese Ethel 
Published: October 2018

En un momento histórico donde movimientos de tono humanista se enfrentan a ideologías de violencia creciente, presentamos como objetivo de este escrito una lectura centrada en la semántica del aidós, como precedente del concepto de misericordia. Nos interesa destacar las líneas de continuidad inter-culturales. Sobre dos textos clave realizamos un análisis crítico-literario: el primero, Homero, quien en horizonte arcaico considera el fundamento del decoro y la honra en la esencia humana, entendida en su filiación divina; el segundo, Platón, quien traslada la reminiscencia mítica al escenario de la democracia ateniense ideal, evocado por el tiempo de Pericles. Del análisis pasamos a la comparación, a fin de establecer relaciones de significado. El llamado a la misericordia del presente Año Santo, así como el marco histórico de la globalización y sus circunstancias de hostilidad (migración, discriminación, violencia de género) son los datos de fondo para el análisis. Las conclusiones acentúan la consistencia del humanismo griego para ofrecer criterios de estabilidad personal y social.
Overall and Anterior Tooth Size Ratios in a Group of Emiratis
Authors: Mohammad Moaza Ghuloom , Din Shazia Naser-ud , Khamis Amar Hassan , Athanasiou Athanasios E. 
Published: October 2018

Objectives:The aims of this investigation in a group of Emiratis were (1) To study overall and anterior tooth size ratios in Class I normal occlusion, (2) To estimate overall and anterior tooth size ratios in different malocclusion groups, (3) To compare overall and anterior tooth size ratios in Class I normal occlusion with the Bolton standards, and (4) To determine the distribution of overall and anterior tooth size ratios ± 2 SD from Bolton mean values in all occlusion groups.Materials and Methods:In this cross-sectional investigation, consecutive patients’ files, including dental casts, were selected from the archives of orthodontic clinics of the Dubai Health Authority. The final sample was formed following the application of specific inclusion criteria. The sample consisted of 521 pairs of dental casts representing both sexes (males: 188; females: 333) and different malocclusion groups (Class I: 288; Class II: 110; Class III: 30) and Class I normal occlusion (93). The mean age of patients was 16.18y for Class I, 15.73y for Class II, 15.83y for Class III, and 16.55y for Class I normal occlusion. The dental casts were scanned and digitized by the first author using the Ortho Insight 3D laser scanner. Measurements were made regarding maxillary and mandibular sums of mesiodistal tooth dimension of the overall (6-6) and anterior (3-3) groups of teeth. Statistical analysis included descriptive statistics, pairedt-test and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The level of significance was set atp<0.05.Results:There were statistically significant differences among malocclusion groups with regard to overall and anterior tooth size ratios. However, the comparison between the Class I normal occlusion group and the Bolton standards showed no statistically significant differences. Only five cases in Class II malocclusion presented an anterior tooth size discrepancy outside plus 2 SD from Bolton mean values and one case in Class I malocclusion presented with an overall tooth size discrepancy outside plus 2 SD from Bolton mean values.Conclusion:This study of the different occlusion groups of the Emirati sample concluded that (a) Class I normal occlusion cases presented similar overall and anterior tooth size ratios to Bolton standards; (b) Overall and anterior tooth size ratios among different malocclusion groups exhibited statistically significant differences; (c) Five cases in Class II malocclusion presented an anterior tooth size discrepancy outside plus 2 SD from Bolton mean values, and (d) One case in Class I malocclusion presented an overall tooth size discrepancy outside plus 2 SD from Bolton mean values.
Cuspal Flexure and Stress in Restored Teeth Caused by Amalgam Expansion
Authors: Danley BT , Hamilton BN , Tantbirojn D , Goldstein RE , Versluis A 
Published: October 2018

SUMMARY

Objective:
Cracks in amalgam-filled teeth may be related to amalgam expansion. This study measured cuspal flexure and used finite element analysis to assess associated stress levels in amalgam-filled teeth.

Methods and Materials:
External surfaces of 18 extracted molars were scanned in three dimensions. Nine molars were restored with mesio-occluso-distal amalgam fillings; the other teeth were left intact as controls. All teeth were stored in saline and scanned after two, four, and eight weeks. Cuspal flexure and restoration expansion were determined by calculating the difference between scanned surfaces. Stresses in a flexed tooth were calculated using finite element analysis.

Results:
Cusps of amalgam-filled teeth flexed outward approximately 3 μm, and restoration surfaces expanded 4 to 8 μm during storage. Cuspal flexure was significantly higher in the amalgam group (multivariate tests, p&lt;0.05), but storage time had no significant effect (repeated measures, p&gt;0.05). Expansion caused stress concentrations at the cavity line angles. These stress concentrations increased stresses due to mastication 44% to 178%.

Conclusions:
Amalgam expansion pushed cavity walls outward, which created stress concentrations at the cavity line angles. Expansion stresses can raise stresses in amalgam-filled teeth and contribute to incidentally observed cracks.
MEMBENTUK KARAKTER ANAK MELALUI PERMAINAN TRADISIONAL
Authors: Fajrin Oktaviastuti Awalia 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT
Changes that occur today is akbiat of shifting children's activities in play, nowadays children prefer to play using digital games such as playing games online in cybercaf� or on the phone. Traditional games are increasingly displaced and forgotten by the increasingly modern and sophisticated technology. Yet the impact of playing video games is very alarming, causing the learning achievement of children to decline, making children forget everything, and a more severe to make children fall into crime. For that traditional game must be returned again because it can cause positive impact for children, and meciptakan the next generation of the nation with superior character.Keywords: online games addiction, traditional child games, character formation