bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stent grafts in patients with carotid blowout syndrome: Outcome and antiplatelet therapy in preventive versus emergency cases
Authors: Kreiser Kornelia , Gröber Isabell , Zimmer Claus , Storck Katharina 
Published: August 2018

AbstractBackgroundCarotid blowout syndrome due to tumor infiltration, fistulas, and therapy‐related necrosis can occur as late as years after the treatment. Reporting our experiences with preventive and acute treatment with stent grafts and discussing different ways of antiplatelet therapy.MethodsWe reviewed all patients between 2010 and 2016 who underwent stent graft placement and analyzed outcome, complications, and antiplatelet regime.ResultsSeventeen patients were treated in 24 sessions (n = 7 threatened, n = 5 imminent, and n = 12 acute bleeding). The antiplatelet regime covered the entire range from aspirin only to loading doses of aspirin/clopidogrel, perioperative heparin, and aspirin/clopidogrel for 12 months followed by lifelong aspirin. Rare complications were not associated with the preprocedural or periprocedural but were associated with the postprocedural antiplatelet regime.ConclusionMost complications of stent graft implantations due to a carotid blowout syndrome occur postprocedurally: rare thrombotic events are linked to not taking a medication and frequent rebleedings may be reduced by an earlier reduction of dual‐antiplatelet to mono‐antiplatelet therapy.
Influence of maternal exercise on fetal heart response during labor and delivery
Authors: McDonald Samantha , Satterfield Nichelle A. , May Linda E. , Newton Edward R. , Livingston Jeffrey , Fang Xiangming 
Published: August 2018

AbstractObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to determine if prenatal exercise alters the maternal and fetal heart responses during labor and delivery. We hypothesized that fetuses of exercising mothers would exhibit a lower baseline heart rate (HR), increased HR variability (HRV), and no differences in fetal heart accelerations and decelerations.DesignThis study employed a cross‐sectional design.MethodsThe Modifiable Physical Activity Questionnaire was used for group classification. Exercising women were those participating in 30 minutes of moderate‐to‐vigorous exercise at least 3×/week throughout the entire pregnancy. Women achieving a lower dose of exercise were classified as non‐exercisers. Cardiotocography recordings during the first hour of labor and delivery assessed fetal baseline HR, HRV, accelerations, decelerations, and contractions. ANCOVA analyses were performed to assess group differences in these outcomes and were adjusted for maternal body mass index.ResultsThirty‐one women were included in the analyses. No group mean differences were found for maternal and fetal characteristics, except for maternal age (EX: mean (SD) 28.5 (±4.6y) vs NON‐EX: 24.1 (±1.2y)). After controlling for body mass index, no statistical differences in maternal HR response (β = 3.9, SE = 5.0, 95%CI −6.4‐14.2) or fetal HR response (β = 3.9, SE = 2.5, 95%CI −1.2‐9.11), accelerations and decelerations (β= −0.03, SE = 0.4, 95%CI −0.9‐0.8; β= −0.10, SE = 0.4, 95%CI −0.8‐0.9, respectively), or HRV (β = 0.6, SE = 1.7, 95%CI −2.8‐4.0) were observed.ConclusionsBased on the findings of this study, we found no evidence that maternal exercise during pregnancy was associated with maternal or fetal HR response during labor and delivery. These data suggest maternal exercise may not elicit positive or negative effects on maternal and fetal cardiovascular responses to the physiological stress of labor and delivery.
Mechanistic insight on the combined effect of albumin and hydrogen peroxide on surface oxide composition and extent of metal release from Ti6Al4V
Authors: Hedberg Yolanda S. , Žnidaršič Monika , Herting Gunilla , Milošev Ingrid , Odnevall Wallinder Inger 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe titanium–aluminium (6 wt%)–vanadium (4 wt%) (Ti6Al4V) alloy is widely used as an orthopedic and dental implant material due to its high corrosion resistance in such environments. The corrosion resistance is usually determined by means of electrochemical methods, which may not be able to detect other chemical surface reactions. Literature findings report a synergistic effect of the combination of the abundant protein albumin and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) on the extent of metal release and corrosion of Ti6Al4V. The objectives of this study were to gain further mechanistic insight on the interplay of H2O2 and albumin on the metal release process of Ti6Al4V with special focus on (1) kinetics and (2) H2O2 and albumin concentrations. This was accomplished mainly by metal release and surface oxide composition investigations, which confirmed the combined effect of H2O2 and albumin on the metal release process, although not detectable by electrochemical open circuit potential measurements. A concentration of 30 mM H2O2 induced substantial changes in the surface oxide characteristics, an oxide which became thicker and enriched in aluminum. Bovine serum albumin (BSA) seemed to be able to deplete this aluminum content from the outermost surface or at least to delay its surface enrichment. This effect increased with increased BSA concentration, and for time periods longer than 24 h. This study hence suggests that short‐term (accelerated) corrosion resistance measurements are not sufficient to predict potential health effects of Ti6Al4V alloys since also chemical dissolution mechanisms play a large role for metal release, possibly in a synergistic way. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 107B: 855–867, 2019.
Dexmedetomidine attenuates lipopolysaccharide induced acute lung injury by targeting NLRP3 via miR‐381
Authors: Zhang Yong , Wang Xuan , Liu Zhaoguo , Yu Lingzhi 
Published: August 2018

AbstractDexmedetomidine (Dex) is an agonist of α2‐adrenergic receptors, and it is used as an anxiety reducing, sedative, and pain medication in clinical. Studies have shown that dexmedetomidine protects against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced acute lung injury; however, the underlying mechanism is still unclear. To investigate, an acute lung injury mouse model was induced by intraperitoneal injection of LPS. Histopathological changes were determined by hematoxylin and eosin staining. Enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect cytokines in serum. microRNA expression levels were detected by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Protein levels were detected by western blot. Dex treatment significantly attenuated lung injury and inhibited the expression levels of the inflammation factors via reducing the level of NACHT, LRR, and PYD domains‐containing protein 3 (NLRP3) and autocleavage of caspase‐1. Moreover, mmu‐miR‐381, which targets the mRNA of NLRP3, was upregulated after Dex treatment. Dex attenuates LPS‐induced acute lung injury via miR‐381‐targeted NLRP3.
The changes of antifungal susceptibilities caused by the phenotypic switching of Candida species in 229 patients with vulvovaginal candidiasis
Authors: Tang Yuanting , Yu Fan , Huang Lairong , Hu Zhengqiang 
Published: August 2018

ObjectiveThis study was to investigate the changes of antifungal susceptibilities caused by the phenotypic switching in patients with vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC).Methods229 women were enrolled in this study. The vaginal smears of these patients were collected and gram stained for fungal microscopic observation. The vaginal discharge of them in cotton swabs was cultured in sabouraud's agar with chloramphenicol medium. After fungal culture, fungal identification was analyzed using CHROM agar Candida chromogenic and identification medium. Then, the in vitro antifungal susceptibility testing was carried out using the standardized CLSI M27‐A2 broth microdilution method.Results64.63% of Candia species in patients with VVC were Candida albicans and the remainders were non‐albicans Candida species. The phenotypic switching was observed in 91.22% of C. albicans infection. In antifungal susceptibility testing, the susceptible rates of C. albicans to voriconazole, fluconazole and itraconazole were significantly higher than that of non‐albicans Candida species (P = 0.00, 0.00, 0.00). No matters in patients infected with C. albicans or with non‐albicans Candida species, the susceptible rate to fluconazole of the clinical isolates with phenotypic switching was significantly higher than that without phenotypic switching (P = 0.01, 0.01).ConclusionsIn the study, C. albicans was the commonest pathogenic species in patients with VVC, in which the phenotypic switching was easy to occur. The susceptible rates of C. albicans to all antifungal drugs were higher than that of non‐albicans Candida species. The susceptible rate to fluconazole was all influenced by the phenotypic switching in C. albicans and non‐albicans Candida species.
Population Pharmacokinetic and Exposure‐Response Analysis of Selumetinib and Its N‐desmethyl Metabolite in Patients With Non‐Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Tong Xiao , Xu Hongmei , Carlile David J. , Tomkinson Helen , Al‐Huniti Nidal , Zhou Diansong 
Published: August 2018

AbstractSelumetinib (AZD6244, ARRAY‐142886) is a mitogen‐activated protein kinase kinase inhibitor that has been tested for treatment of non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Selumetinib (75 mg twice daily) plus docetaxel in patients with advanced NSCLC has been assessed in phase 2 (SELECT‐2) and phase 3 (SELECT‐1) clinical trials. The objective of the current analysis was to investigate the exposure‐response relationship of selumetinib in these 2 clinical trials, based on the development of a population pharmacokinetic (PopPK) model for selumetinib and its active metabolite, N‐desmethyl selumetinib, in patients with NSCLC. A PopPK model using data from seven phase 1 studies was first developed and served as prior information for the development of the patient PopPK model. The pharmacokinetics (PK) of selumetinib and N‐desmethyl selumetinib were modeled simultaneously. A two‐compartment model with zero‐first order absorption and first‐order elimination reasonably described the selumetinib PK. The N‐desmethyl metabolite of selumetinib was described by a one‐compartment model with first‐order elimination. The final PK parameter estimates were similar between patients with NSCLC and patients in the phase 1 population. Selumetinib apparent clearance and central volume of distribution were 11.9 L/h and 32.1 L, respectively, in patients. Individual selumetinib exposure metrics were estimated to investigate the correlation between exposure and efficacy/safety endpoints observed in NSCLC studies. There was no significant difference in progression‐free survival (the primary endpoint) among the different quartiles of exposure. Similarly, no significant correlation was observed between selumetinib exposure and other secondary efficacy or safety endpoints. The conclusions are in accordance with the reported clinical findings.
Addition of biochar and trace elements in the form of industrial FeCl3 to stabilize anaerobic digestion of food waste: dosage optimization and long‐term study
Authors: Capson‐Tojo Gabriel , Girard Chloé , Rouez Maxime , Crest Marion , Steyer Jean‐Philippe , Bernet Nicolas , Delgenès Jean‐Philippe , Escudié Renaud 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDAlthough anaerobic digestion is a promising alternative for the valorization of complex substrates such as food waste, this process is yet to be optimized and options for its stabilization must be developed. This study assessed for the first time if the combined addition of biochar and trace elements in the form of an industrial FeCl3 solution could serve as a method for stabilizing food waste anaerobic digestion. Both batch and long‐term semi‐continuous reactors were run.RESULTSResults from batch reactors demonstrated that supplementation of both biochar (10–100 g L−1) and trace elements (FeCl3; 0.1–0.2 g Fe L−1) favored the digestion kinetics. Their addition improved the maximum methane production rates (from 897 up to 1494 mL day−1) and the average daily methane production rates (from 298 up to 369 mL day−1), related to acetate and propionate consumption, respectively. Continuous reactors confirmed the batch results, with higher methane production rates (up to 1.75 L L−1 day−1) and lower concentrations of acetate and propionate when biochar and trace elements (FeCl3) were added.CONCLUSIONAddition of biochar and industrial FeCl3 favored the digestion kinetics, improving volatile fatty acid consumption and methane production rates. These materials appear as an economically‐feasible alternative for stabilizing the valorization of food waste at industrial scale. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Design, Synthesis, Antifungal and Antibacterial Activities of N‐phenyl and N‐pyridinyl‐5‐(trifluoromethyl)‐pyrazole‐4‐carboxamide Derivatives
Authors: Yang Wenqing , Zhou Xiang , Wu Zhibing 
Published: August 2018

A series of N‐phenyl and N‐pyridinyl‐5‐(trifluoromethyl)‐pyrazole carboxamide derivatives (T1–T25) were designed and synthesized. Bioassay results indicated that antifungal and antibacterial activities of title compounds could be obviously improved by placing trifluoromethyl on the 5‐position of the pyrazole ring and substituted 4‐pyridinyl at the amine side of the amide bond. The EC50 values of T3 against Gibberella zeae, Cytospora mandshurica, and Fusarium oxysporum were 14.7, 21.1, and 32.7 μg/mL, respectively, better than hymexazol (30.2, 47.3, and 42.5 μg/mL) and carboxin (34.2, >200, and >200 μg/mL). And the EC50 values of T6, T11, T12, T15, T18, T19, T23, and T25 against rice bacterial leaf blight were 17.0, 21.8, 21.9, 18.6, 16.8, 25.9, 9.4, and 24.4 μg/mL, respectively, much better than bismerthiazol (70.5 μg/mL).
Delayed gadolinium‐enhanced MRI of menisci and cartilage (dGEMRIM/dGEMRIC) in obese patients with knee osteoarthritis: Cross‐sectional study of 85 obese patients with intra‐articular administered gadolinium contrast
Authors: Hangaard Stine , Gudbergsen Henrik , Daugaard Cecilie L. , Bliddal Henning , Nybing Janus Damm , Nieminen Miika T. , Casula Victor , Tiderius Carl‐Johan , Boesen Mikael 
Published: August 2018

BackgroundEarly cartilage changes in knee osteoarthritis (OA) can be assessed by both intravenous (i.v.) and intra‐articular (i.a.) delayed gadolinium‐enhanced MRI of cartilage (dGEMRIC).PurposeTo examine the relationship between i.a. dGEMRIC and delayed gadolinium‐enhanced MRI of menisci (dGEMRIM), and to investigate if the approach can be used to assess the morphological degeneration of menisci in obese patients with knee OA.Study TypeCross‐sectional.PopulationEighty‐five obese patients with knee OA.Field Strength/Sequences1.5T. Inversion recovery sequence with four inversion times.AssessmentT1 relaxation times were calculated for posterior weight‐bearing femoral cartilage and the posterior horns of the menisci. Meniscus degeneration sum score (0–2) was assessed as increased signal/no signal (1/0) and tear/no tear (1/0).Statistical TestsT1 relaxation times were compared using Student's t‐test. Comparison of cartilage and meniscus T1 relaxation times was done by regression analysis. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used for comparison of meniscal T1 relaxation times among the three summed morphological scores (0–2). Statistical analyses were performed with a level of significance at 0.05.ResultsFor lateral menisci, morphology sum scores of 0, 1, and 2 were found in 13, 58, and 14 patients and for medial menisci in 2, 30, and 30 patients, respectively. Mean T1 relaxation times were 441 msec, 480 msec, and 497 msec for cartilage, lateral menisci, and medial menisci, respectively. T1 relaxation times for the menisci were similar (P = 0.53), and a weak correlation was found between dGEMRIC and dGEMRIM in the lateral compartments (R = 0.26). Comparing dGEMRIM between different morphology sum scores showed no differences (P > 0.4).Data ConclusionI.a. dGEMRIM showed no correlation between the degree of meniscal degeneration and meniscus T1 relaxation times. I.a. dGEMRIM do not seem to deliver useful information about meniscus degeneration to be suitable for clinical applications, but i.a. dGEMRIC may still be considered an alternative contrast‐saving method for cartilage.Level of Evidence: 3Technical Efficacy: Stage 3J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2018;48:1700–1706
Diffusion kurtosis imaging in sacroiliitis to evaluate the activity of ankylosing spondylitis
Authors: Wang Fengxian , Chu Chen , Zhao Cheng , Wei Yu , Zhang Qinglei , Feng Qianqian , Chen Weibo , He Jian , Sun Lingyun , Zhou Zhengyang 
Published: August 2018

BackgroundConventional magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is limited in providing sufficient information on microstructure or in quantitatively evaluating certain inflammation processes. Functional MR sequences such as diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) might help to evaluate the sacroiliac joint in ankylosing spondylitis (AS) patients.PurposeTo explore the application of DKI in evaluating the disease activity of AS.Study TypeProspective.PopulationForty‐four patients with a diagnosis of AS according to the Assessment in SpondyloArthritis International Society (ASAS) criteria.Field Strength/Sequence3.0T MRI including the DKI sequence (b = 0, 500, 1000, 1500, 2000 s/mm2).Statistical TestsTwo‐independent‐samples t‐test and one‐way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to compare the DKI parameters among different groups, and post‐hoc Scheffe's method was adopted. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis and Spearman's rank correlation were performed to test the diagnostic performance of DKI parameters in distinguishing different activity grades and the correlation between them, respectively.AssessmentAS disease activity was evaluated according to the Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score (ASDAS), and four disease activity states were chosen by consensus: inactive disease and moderate, high, and very high disease activity. The three cutoffs selected to separate these states were: 1.3, 2.1, and 3.5 units, respectively.ResultsThe corrected ADC (D) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values of sacroiliac joints in the active group were significantly higher, while the the kurtosis of diffusion (K value) value was significantly lower than those of the inactive group (all P < 0.001). The D value performed best in distinguishing different activity grades (all P < 0.001). The D and ADC values correlated positively, while the K value correlated negatively, with activity grade significantly (r = 0.918, 0.798, and –0.765, respectively; all P < 0.001).Data ConclusionDKI of sacroiliac joints might be useful to evaluate the disease activity of AS.Level of Evidence: 2Technical Efficacy: Stage 2J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2019;49:101–108.
Best practices for MRI systematic reviews and meta‐analyses
Authors: McGrath Trevor A. , Bossuyt Patrick M. , Cronin Paul , Salameh Jean‐Paul , Kraaijpoel Noémie , Schieda Nicola , McInnes Matthew D.F. 
Published: August 2018

As defined by the Cochrane Collaboration, a systematic review is a review of evidence with a clearly formulated question that uses systematic and explicit methods to identify, select, and critically appraise relevant primary research, and to extract and analyze data from the studies that are included in the review. Meta‐analysis is a statistical method to combine the results from primary studies that accounts for sample size and variability to provide a summary measure of the studied outcome. Systematic reviews of diagnostic test accuracy present unique methodological and reporting challenges not present in systematic reviews of interventions. This review provides guidance and further resources highlighting current best practices in methodology and reporting of systematic reviews of diagnostic test accuracy, with a specific focus on challenges and opportunities for MRI imaging.Level of Evidence: 2Technical Efficacy: Stage 2J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2018.
Uteroplacental and Fetal 4D Flow MRI in the Pregnant Rhesus Macaque
Authors: Macdonald Jacob A. , Corrado Philip A. , Nguyen Sydney M. , Johnson Kevin M. , Francois Christopher J. , Magness Ronald R. , Shah Dinesh M. , Golos Thaddeus G. , Wieben Oliver 
Published: August 2018

BackgroundPregnancy complications are often associated with poor uteroplacental vascular adaptation and standard diagnostics are unable to reliably quantify flow in all uteroplacental vessels and have poor sensitivity early in gestation.PurposeTo investigate the feasibility of using 4D flow MRI to assess total uteroplacental blood flow in pregnant rhesus macaques as a precursor to human studies.Study TypeRetrospective feasibility study.Animal ModelFifteen healthy, pregnant rhesus macaques ranging from the 1st trimester to 3rd trimester of gestation.Field Strength/SequenceAbdominal 4D flow MRI was performed on a 3.0T scanner with a radially undersampled phase contrast (PC) sequence. Reference ferumoxytol‐enhanced angiograms were acquired with a 3D ultrashort echo time sequence with a center‐out radial trajectory.AssessmentRepeatability of flow measurements was assessed with scans performed same‐day and on consecutive days in the uterine arteries and ovarian veins. In‐flow was compared against out‐flow in the uterus, umbilical cord, and fetal heart with a conservation of mass analysis. Conspicuity of uteroplacental vessels was qualitatively compared between PC angiograms derived from 4D flow data and ferumoxytol‐enhanced angiograms.Statistical TestsBland–Altman analysis was used to quantify same‐day and consecutive‐day repeatability.ResultsSame‐day flow measurements showed an average difference between scans of 13% in both the uterine arteries and ovarian veins, while consecutive‐day measurements showed average differences of 22% and 24%, respectively. Comparisons of in‐flow and out‐flow showed average differences of 15% in the uterus, 8% in fetal heart, and 15% in the umbilical cord. PC angiograms showed similar depiction of main uteroplacental vessels as high‐resolution, ferumoxytol‐enhanced angiograms.Data Conclusion4D flow MRI could be used in the rhesus macaque for repeatable flow measurements in the uteroplacental and fetal vasculature, setting the stage for future human studies.Level of Evidence: 2Technical Efficacy: Stage 1J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2019;49:534–545.
Protective effect of a novel sigma‐1 receptor agonist is associated with reduced endoplasmic reticulum stress in stroke male mice
Authors: Morihara Ryuta , Yamashita Toru , Liu Xia , Nakano Yumiko , Fukui Yusuke , Sato Kota , Ohta Yasuyuki , Hishikawa Nozomi , Shang Jingwei , Abe Koji 
Published: August 2018

AbstractSigma‐1 receptor (Sig‐1R) is expressed at endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membranes, where it regulates a variety of specific physiological functions. However, the profile and exact roles of ER stress‐related molecules after Sig‐1R agonist treatment in an in vivo stroke model are largely unknown. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of a novel Sig‐1R agonist, aniline derivative compound (Comp‐AD), on the ER stress response following ischemic stroke. Male C57BL/6J mice received transient middle cerebral artery occlusion for 90 min, and were then treated with vehicle saline or Comp‐AD at reperfusion. At 3 hr, 1 day, and 7 days after reperfusion, immunohis‐ tochemistry was performed for Sig‐1R and ER stress‐related proteins including phospho protein kinase RNA‐like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (p‐PERK), phospho inositol requiring enzyme 1α (p‐ IRE1α), and activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6). Neurobehavioral analysis showed improved functional recovery at 1 day and 7 days after reperfusion, and the infarct volume was significantly smaller at 7 days (p < .05), in the Comp‐AD group compared with the vehicle group. Comp‐AD treatment upregulated Sig‐1R immunoreactivity at 3 hr and 1 day (p < .05), and reduced p‐PERK and p‐IRE1α expression at 1 day (p < .05, respectively), in the peri‐ischemic region compared with the vehicle group. Treatment with the novel Sig‐1R agonist Comp‐AD was neuroprotective after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion, and was associated with upregulation of Sig‐1R and a reduction of ER stress.