bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Magnetic Anisotropic Effects in Charged Aza[10]annulene Analogs with a Non‐planar Carbon Framework
Authors: Kurian Jais , Swathi Krishna P. E. , Agrawal Ishika , Jayabal Nagarajan , Hariharan Mahesh , Manheri Muraleedharan K. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractClassically, aromaticity portrays the unique stability and peculiar reactivities of cyclic planar conjugated systems with (4n+2) π electrons. Understanding the electronic environments in new chemical frameworks through experimental and theoretical validation is central to this ever‐expanding theme in chemical science. Such investigations in curved π‐surfaces have special significance as they can unravel the variations when the planarity requirement is slightly lifted. In this report, we discuss the synthesis, spectroscopic and theoretical studies involving a new group of cyclazine analogs having a charged aza[10]annulene periphery, centrally locked through a sp3 carbon. Magnetic anisotropic effects arising from electron delocalization through its curved π‐surface were mapped through a specific set of chemical groups introduced through this sp3 carbon. The nucleus‐independent chemical shift calculations revealed negative chemical shift values, indicating the aromatic nature of the aza[10] annulene rim. This is corroborated by a clockwise diatropic ring current, evident from anisotropy‐induced current density analysis. Variations in the chemical shift of NMR signals in these systems were also computationally examined through isotropic chemical shielding surface analysis.
Numerical and analytical inspection of magnetic field effects in the radical pair mechanism by a simplified rate equation model
Authors: Deser Andreas , Kuhne Jens , Leymann Heinrich A. M. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe radical pair mechanism is by now the most prominent candidate for a biologically relevant quantum effect of magnetic fields. Recently, N. Ikeya and J. R. Woodward demonstrated a magnetic field effect for sub‐extremely low frequency (ELF) fields in the mT range by investigating the autofluorescence spectrum of flavin adenine dinucleotide in living HeLa cells. We apply a simple rate equation model to show numerically and analytically that magnetic field effects can be expected to exist in the whole ELF range.
Triggering employee green activism through green human resource management: The role of green organizational learning and responsible leadership
Authors: Usman Muhammad , Akhtar Muhammad Waheed , Zahoor Nadia , Khan Muhammad Aamir Shafiq , Adomako Samuel 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSeveral studies have unveiled that green human resource management (GHRM) positively affects employees' voluntary green behaviors at work. However, the literature has overlooked the influence of GHRM on employee beyond‐work green activism—employees' participation in different environmental campaigns and initiatives and supporting/influencing organizations, environmental groups, and political actions aimed at protecting the natural environment. We hypothesize that GHRM leads to employee beyond‐work green activism directly and indirectly via green organizational learning. The present study also tests the moderating role of responsible leadership in the GHRM‐green organizational learning link. Multisource survey data collected using the time‐lagged strategy supported the proposed relationships. The findings offer important recommendations for managers that can help them signify the role of business organizations and HR practices in protecting the natural environment.
Treatment of aggressive posterior retinopathy of prematurity accompanied by nasolacrimal duct obstruction with purulent discharge: A case report
Authors: Namvar Ehsan , Attar Alireza 
Published: November 2024

Key Clinical MessageThis case demonstrates that probing and 10% povidone‐iodine irrigation of the nasolacrimal duct prior to intravitreal bevacizumab injection can safely reduce the risk of endophthalmitis in infants with aggressive posterior retinopathy of prematurity and nasolacrimal duct obstruction. This method provides a viable treatment alternative when laser therapy alone is insufficient.
Two‐decade battle with myasthenia gravis: A breakthrough case report on the long‐term success with eculizumab and ravulizumab treatment
Authors: Quasthoff Stefan 
Published: November 2024

Key Clinical MessageThis unique case of generalized myasthenia gravis shows sustained stability of a patient's condition for 3 years with eculizumab/ravulizumab treatment following 16 years of refractory disease. It highlights the long‐term effectiveness of C5 inhibitors in a real‐world setting, aiding physicians in their decision‐making for refractory cases and treatment discontinuation scenarios.
Reduction of 4‐Nitrophenol Catalyzed by Gold Nanoclusters with Aggregation‐Induced‐Emission: Emission Intensity Correlated Activity and Mechanistic Exploration
Authors: Peng Bo , Shan Bingqian , Lam Koonfung , Zhang Kun 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThiolate‐protected Au nanoclusters (NCs) have developed as a promising class of model catalysts to achieve fundamental understanding of metal nanocatalysis. Whereas, the packing mode of peripheral ligand on metal core is changeful in the reaction medium and show elusive impact on catalytic activity. In this work, using glutathione (GSH) protected Au NCs (Au@GSH NCs) with aggregation‐induced‐emission (AIE) characteristics as model catalyst for the hydrogenation of 4‐nitrophenol (4‐NP), photoluminescence (PL) intensity correlated catalytic activity of Au@GSH NCs was successfully mediated by the addition of Ag+ in the preparation or poor solvent in the reaction medium, showing a relationship of “as one falls, another rises.” Au NCs with intense PL implied a dense packing of peripheral ligand, which hampered the accessibility of active site and thus exhibited slowest catalytic reaction kinetics of the reduction of 4‐NP and vice versa. Based on this methodology, a case study of the effect of salt additives on the catalytic activity is carried out, different mechanisms are distinguished by the change in the PL intensity, and with the combination of diagnostic deuterium isotope experiments, it has been demonstrated that the proton from water solvent is involved in the reaction and that the proton transfer process is the rate‐determining step, the contribution of ionic additives to the hydrogen bonding network determines their effect on the reaction kinetics. The correlation between PL intensity and catalytic activity of Au NCs could provide an efficient way to design highly active Au NC catalysts and give a new insight to understand the unique optoelectronic properties of Au NCs and reaction mechanism.
The impact of big data on decision‐making, processes and organizational change: An essay of synthesis
Authors: Sahut Jean‐Michel , Fragniere Emmanuel , Dang Rey 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis special issue looks at how big data affects business decisions, processes, and organizational change within organizations. The issue starts with a review of the latest research in the field, including key developments and ongoing debates. The literature review shows how Big Data is affecting how organizations work, including ethical issues, internal rules, and using new technology. Next, the issue presents three key papers on how Big Data affects modern organizations. The first paper looks at how Big Data how Big Data is helping to make cities smarter. The third paper looks at how new technologies like artificial intelligence, blockchain, and quantum computing affect financial organizations. Together, these contributions show the need to balance innovation with risk management. They advocate for ethical considerations and policy frameworks as organizations navigate the complexities of the Big Data era. This essay of synthesis, from literature review to focused studies on decision‐making, operations, and organizational change, provides a holistic understanding of the role of Big Data in shaping the future of business.
Targeting N‐Methyl‐lysine Histone Demethylase KDM4 in Cancer: Natural Products Inhibitors as a Driving Force for Epigenetic Drug Discovery
Authors: Cursaro Ilaria , Milioni Leonardo , Eslami Kourosh , Sirous Hajar , Carullo Gabriele , Gemma Sandra , Butini Stefania , Campiani Giuseppe 
Published: November 2024

AbstractKDM4A‐F enzymes are a subfamily of histone demethylases containing the Jumonji C domain (JmjC) using Fe(II) and 2‐oxoglutarate for their catalytic function. Overexpression or deregulation of KDM4 enzymes is associated with various cancers, altering chromatin structure and causing transcriptional dysfunction. As KDM4 enzymes have been associated with malignancy, they may represent novel targets for developing innovative therapeutic tools to treat different solid and blood tumors. KDM4A is the isozyme most frequently associated with aggressive phenotypes of these tumors. To this aim, industrial and academic medicinal chemistry efforts have identified different KDM4 inhibitors. Industrial and academic efforts in medicinal chemistry have identified numerous KDM4 inhibitors, primarily pan‐KDM4 inhibitors, though they often lack selectivity against other Jumonji family members. The pharmacophoric features of the inhibitors frequently include a chelating group capable of coordinating the catalytic iron within the active site of the KDM4 enzyme. Nonetheless, non‐chelating compounds have also demonstrated promising inhibitory activity, suggesting potential flexibility in the drug design. Several natural products, containing monovalent or bivalent chelators, have been identified as KDM4 inhibitors, albeit with a micromolar inhibition potency. This highlights the potential for leveraging them as templates for the design and synthesis of new derivatives, exploiting nature's chemical diversity to pursue more potent and selective KDM4 inhibitors.
Isolation of Small Extracellular Vesicles (sEVs) from the Apoplastic Wash Fluid of Nicotiana benthamiana Leaves
Authors: Eldahshoury Mahmoud K. , Katsarou Konstantina , Farley Joshua T. , Kalantidis Kriton , de Marcos Lousa Carine 
Published: November 2024

AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs) are small membranous vesicles secreted by cells into their surrounding extracellular environment. Similar to mammalian EVs, plant EVs have emerged as essential mediators of intercellular communication in plants that facilitate the transfer of biological material between cells. They also play essential roles in diverse physiological processes including stress responses, developmental regulation, and defense mechanisms against pathogens. In addition, plant EVs have demonstrated promising health benefits as well as potential therapeutic effects in mammalian health. Despite the plethora of potential applications using plant EVs, their isolation and characterization remains challenging. In contrast to mammalian EVs, which benefit from more standardized isolation protocols, methods for isolating plant EVs can vary depending on the starting material used, resulting in diverse levels of purity and composition. Additionally, the field suffers from the lack of plant EV markers. Nevertheless, three main EV subclasses have been described from leaf apoplasts: tetraspanin 8 positive (TET8), penetration‐1‐positive (PEN1), and EXPO vesicles derived from exocyst‐positive organelles (EXPO). Here, we present an optimized protocol for the isolation and enrichment of small EVs (sEVs; <200 nm) from the apoplastic fluid from Nicotiana benthamiana leaves by ultracentrifugation. We analyze the preparation through transmitted electron microscopy (TEM), nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA), and western blotting. We believe this method will establish a basic protocol for the isolation of EVs from N. benthamiana leaves, and we discuss technical considerations to be evaluated by each researcher working towards improving their plant sEV preparations. © 2024 The Author(s). Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol: Isolation and enrichment of small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) from the apoplastic fluid of Nicotiana benthamiana leaves
Trace Iron‐Modified CeO₂‐Supported Core‐Shell CoO@Co Catalyst for Selective Conversion of Furfural to 1,5‐Pentanediol
Authors: Wang Shenyu , Zhang Junjie , Zhang Ying 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn the conversion of furfural using non‐noble metal catalysts, preferential cleavage of the C2−O bond followed by hydrogenation of the C=C bond facilitates selective access to valuable 1,5‐pentanediol (1,5‐PeD). Herein, we developed CeO₂ loaded core‐shell CoO@Co nanoparticle catalysts. Adjusting Co loading, Fe doping, and reduction temperature improved reaction efficiency. 7Co‐0.2Fe/CeO₂ catalysts reduced at 500 °C demonstrated optimal performance. 1,5‐PeD produced at 54.76 mmol/gCo/h, representing the top activity levels among the reported catalysts. H₂‐TPR, XRD, HAADF‐STEM, FT‐IR, XPS, and XANES were employed to investigate the catalyst structure‐activity relationship. Co2+ cleaves furan ring C−O bond, Co⁰ promotes double‐bond hydrogenation. The CoO@Co structure favors the desired 1,5‐PeD production route. Trace Fe species optimize the Co2+/Co⁰ ratio, enhance the substrate adsorption, and inhibit the furan ring saturation. These findings emphasize the importance of fine‐tuning catalyst structure and composition for selectivity improvement.
Induced collagen type‐I secretion by hepatocytes of the melanoma liver metastasis is associated with a reduction in tumour‐infiltrating lymphocytes
Authors: Mizuno Shodai , Bustos Matias A. , Hayashi Yoshinori , Abe Kodai , Furuhashi Satoru , Naeini Yalda , Xu Xiaowei , Bilchik Anton J , Hoon Dave S. B. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundOverall patients with melanoma liver metastasis (MLiM) have a dismal prognosis and poor responses to the standard of care treatment. Understanding the role of the tumour microenvironment (TME) is critical for discovering better strategies to overcome intrinsic therapy resistance in MLiM. The aim was to understand the crosstalk signalling pathways between hepatocytes and metastatic melanoma cells in the TME of MLiM.MethodsHepatocytes and melanoma tumour cells of MLiM were assessed using transcriptomic NanoString GeoMx digital spatial profiling (NGDSP) assay. Functional assays were performed using normal hepatocytes and MLiM‐derived cell lines. Validation was performed using multiplex immunofluorescence.ResultsIn NGDSP analysis adjacent normal hepatocytes (ANH) had higher CXCR4 and COL1A1/2 levels than distant normal hepatocytes (DNH), while melanoma cells had higher TNF‐α levels. In vitro, MLiM cell lines released TNF‐α which upregulated CXCR4 and CXCL12 levels in ANH. CXCL12 activated CXCR4, which triggered AKT and NFκB signalling pathways. Consequently, AKT signalling induced the upregulation of collagen type I. MLiM were significantly encircled by a shield of collagen, whereas other liver metastases showed reduced levels of collagen. Of all the liver metastasis analyzed, the presence of collagen in melanoma liver metastasis was associated with a reduction in tumour‐infiltrating lymphocytes.ConclusionsMLiM modified ANH to increase collagen production and created a physical barrier. The collagen barrier was associated with a reduction of immune cell infiltration which could potentially deter MLiM immune surveillance and treatment responses.Highlights
Spatial analyses of melanoma liver metastasis show that adjacent normal hepatocytes have increased collagen‐type I levels.
Melanoma liver metastases tumour cells secrete enhanced levels of TNF‐α to stimulate CXCR4/CXCL12 upregulation in adjacent normal hepatocytes.
Activation of CXCR4 promotes AKT and NF‐κB signalling pathways to promote collagen‐type I secretion in adjacent normal hepatocytes.
Elevated collagen levels were associated with reduced tumour‐infiltrating lymphocytes
Influence of Human Hunting Strategies and Large Carnivore Presence on Population Dynamics of European Facultative Scavengers
Authors: Wenting Elke , Eikelboom Jasper A. J. , Siepel Henk , Broekhuis Femke , van Langevelde Frank 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTUngulates serve as the primary carrion source for facultative scavengers in European ecosystems. In the absence of large carnivores, such as wolves (Canis lupus), human hunting leftovers are the main source of carrion for these scavengers. Additionally, wild boars (Sus scrofa) are heavily culled in many ecosystems and are both a significant prey species for wolves as well as a key scavenger. Nowadays, wolves and wild boars are re‐establishing their historical home ranges. However, it remains unclear how their presence influences the population dynamics of facultative scavengers under different scenarios of human hunting strategies. We simulated the biomass densities of all states in the trophic web including European scavengers and wolves using an ordinary differential equations (ODE) model. The presence of wolves led to a positive trend in scavenger biomass in general. However, in general, we found that plant‐based resources were more important for scavenger dynamics than carrion, regardless of whether the carrion originated from human hunting or wolf predation. Only when wolves were absent but boars present, the human hunting strategy became important in determining scavenger dynamics via carrion supply. In conclusion, our model indicates that population dynamics of facultative scavengers are not mainly driven by the availability of carrion, but rather by the presence of and competition for vegetation. Furthermore, our simulations highlight the importance of adapting human hunting strategies in accordance with the re‐establishment of wolf and boar as these can cause fluctuating population patterns over the years.
Genome‐Wide Development and Characterization of Microsatellite Markers in the Great Web‐Spinning Sawfly Acantholyda posticalis
Authors: Liu Mengfei , Wang Xiaoyi , Wang Hongbin , Li Guohong , Pei Mingyang , Liu Gege , Wang Mei 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe great web‐spinning sawfly Acantholyda posticalis is notorious for damaging Pinus forests across the Palearctic region. At present, uncertainties persist regarding its intraspecies variation and presumed subspecies. To use as tools for future studies, herein we developed genome‐wide microsatellite markers for A. posticalis. Through searching, rigorous manual screening, and amplification trial, 56 microsatellite markers were obtained from the genome sequences. We characterized these markers across two populations from Shandong province (SD) and Heilongjiang province (HLJ) in China, and carried out cross‐amplification in three related species. Out of the 56 markers tested, 10, 31, and 15 were categorized into high, moderate, and low polymorphic levels, respectively, based on their polymorphic information content (PIC) values. Meanwhile, 28, 19, and 4 microsatellite loci were successfully cross‐amplified in Cephalcia yanqingensis, C. chuxiongica, and C. infumata, respectively, which could serve as potential molecular markers for their further studies. STRUCTURE and PCoA analyses revealed two distinct clusters corresponding to SD and HLJ, respectively, indicating a high resolution of these markers. Therefore，the 56 microsatellite markers identified here have the potential to serve as efficient tools for unraveling intraspecies variation and evolutionary history of A. posticalis.
Development of Numerical Analysis Method for Cathode Sheath Considering Electron Emission From Cathode in Vacuum Arc
Authors: Takagi Masahiro , Suzuki Hiroto , Suzuki Yuki , Nemoto Yusuke , Iwao Toru , Nakajima Tatsuhito 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTIt is imperative to develop the simulation of vacuum arcs as a tool to aid electrode design in vacuum circuit breakers. Although the development of electromagnetic thermo‐fluid simulations for vacuum arcs has been reported, most of them do not take cathode sheath phenomena into account and have not been able to reproduce vacuum arc phenomena, especially cathode spots. As the first step, the cathode sheath voltage, cathode surface electric field, and temperature and field (T‐F) electron emission current were analyzed numerically on the basis of the space charge in the cathode sheath. In this study, the cathode sheath was assumed to exist when the charge density induced on the cathode surface is positive, and the temperature and density of vacuum arc plasma and cathode temperature, which are physical quantities obtained by electromagnetic thermo‐fluid simulation, were used as parameters of the analysis. As a result, the cathode sheath voltage, electric field, and electron emission current density can be calculated from the vacuum arc plasma temperature, density, and cathode temperature. Numerical results show that the electron emission current density has a dominant effect on the presence or absence of the cathode sheath.
Flywheel resistance training promotes unique muscle architectural and performance‐related adaptations in young adults
Authors: Banks Nile F. , Berry Alexander C. , Rogers Emily M. , Jenkins Nathaniel D. M. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to examine the skeletal muscle hypertrophic, architectural, and performance‐related adaptations in response to volume‐matched, total‐body flywheel versus traditional resistance training in a randomized, non‐exercise controlled study in physically active young adults. Thirty‐one healthy young adults (24 ± 3 y) were randomized to 10 weeks of traditional resistance training (TRT; n = 7F/5M), flywheel training (FWRT; n = 7F/4M), or a habitual activity control (CON; n = 5F/3M). Maximal voluntary isometric torque (MVIT), one repetition‐maximum (1RM) for the free weight squat and bench press, three repetition work maximum (3Wmax) for the flywheel squat and bench press, countermovement jump height, and broad jump distance, as well as site‐specific muscle hypertrophy, fascicle length (FL), and pennation angle, were measured. Both TRT and FWRT increased MVIT (p ≤ 0.021) and FFM (p ≤ 0.032) compared to CON. However, TRT promoted superior improvements in free weight squat and bench 1RM (p < 0.001), and FWRT improved flywheel 3Wmax squat and bench (p < 0.001). FWRT increased the FL and cross‐sectional area of the distal VL, countermovement jump height, and broad jump distance (p ≤ 0.048), whereas TRT increased the pennation angle and cross‐sectional area of the proximal VL. Therefore, 10 weeks of volume‐matched, total‐body traditional, and flywheel resistance training similarly increased maximal isometric strength and fat‐free mass. However, FWRT promoted unique skeletal muscle architectural adaptations that likely contributed to region‐specific VL hypertrophy and jump performance improvements. Thus, FWRT provides a novel training stimulus that promotes architectural adaptations that support improved athletic performance in a manner that is not provided by traditional resistance exercise training.