bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Direct comparison of clathrin-mediated endocytosis in budding and fission yeast reveals conserved and evolvable features
Authors: Sun Yidi , Schoeneberg Johnannes , Chen Shirley , Jiang Tommy , Kaplan Charlotte , Xu Ke , Pollard Thomas D. , Drubin David G. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractConserved proteins drive clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME), which universally involves a burst of actin assembly. To gain fundamental mechanistic insights into this process, a side-by-side quantitative comparison of CME was performed on two distantly related yeast species. Though endocytic protein abundance in S. pombe and S. cerevisiae are more similar than previously thought, membrane invagination speed and depth are two-fold greater in fission yeast than in budding yeast. In both yeasts, Arp2/3 complex activation drives membrane invagination when triggered by the accumulation of ∼70 WASP molecules. In contrast to budding yeast, WASP-mediated actin nucleation activity plays an essential role in fission yeast endocytosis. Genetics and live-cell imaging revealed core CME spatiodynamic similarities between the two yeasts, though two-zone actin assembly is a fission yeast-specific mechanism, which is not essential for CME. These studies identified conserved CME mechanisms and species-specific adaptations and have broad implications that extend from yeast to humans.
Melt electrowritten scaffolds with bone-inspired fibrous and mineral architectures to enhance BMP2 delivery and human MSC osteogenesis
Authors: Eichholz Kian F. , Hoey David A. 
Published: August 2019

1AbstractMaterial micro-architecture and chemistry play pivotal roles in driving cell behaviour. Bone at a cellular level consists of arranged fibres with a cross-fibrillar mineral phase made up of curved nano-sized needle shaped crystals. This nano-structured mineral architecture can bind and stabilise proteins within bone for centuries and thus holds promise as a strategy for therapeutic delivery in regenerative medicine. Herein, we use melt electrowriting (MEW) technology to create fibrous 3D PCL micro-architectures. These scaffolds were further modified with an extrafibrillar coating of plate shaped micron-sized calcium phosphate crystals (pHA), or with a novel extrafibrillar coating of needle shaped nano-sized crystals (nnHA). A third scaffold was developed whereby nano-sized crystals were placed intrafibrillarly during the MEW process (iHA). X-ray diffraction revealed altered crystal structure and crystallinity between groups, with hydroxyapatite (HA) being the primary phase in all modifications. Water contact angle was investigated revealing increased hydrophilicity with extrafibrillar coatings, while tensile testing revealed enhanced stiffness in scaffolds fabricated with intrafibrillar HA. Biological characterisation demonstrated significantly enhanced human stem/stromal cell mineralisation with extrafibrillar coatings, with a 5-fold increase in mineral deposition with plate like structures and a 14-fold increase with a needle topography, demonstrating the importance of bone mimetic architectures. Given the protein stabilising properties of mineral, these materials were further functionalised with BMP2. Extrafibrillar coatings of nano-needles facilitated a controlled release of BMP2 from the scaffold which further enhanced mineral deposition by osteoprogenitors. This study thus outlines a method for fabricating scaffolds with precise fibrous micro-architectures and bone mimetic nano-needle HA extrafibrillar coatings which significantly enhance mesenchymal stem/stromal cell (MSC) osteogenesis and therapeutic delivery and thus hold great promise for bone tissue regeneration.
Local embeddedness, corporate social capital and Chinese enterprises
Authors: Bian Yanjie , Xie Juan , Yang Yang , Hao Mingsong 
Published: August 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to examine the impact of corporate social capital and local embeddedness on perceived business performance of Chinese enterprises operating overseas, whose recent growth resulted from the Belt and Road Initiative.Design/methodology/approachThis study reports the results of a sample of 83 Shaanxi outward foreign direct investment (FDI) firms operating in Africa, Asia, Australia, Europe and North America. In-depth interviews with a few sampled firms are used to develop the survey questionnaire and help interpret the results of statistical analysis.FindingsThis study proposes two hypotheses and both are supported by the data. First, corporate social capital is a three-dimensional concept, covering governmental, market and personal sources with each source making an equal, positive effect on perceived overseas performance of the surveyed firms. Second, these firms do better when having developed a higher degree of local embeddedness, a measure on local channels used to obtain information and mobilize resources. While local embeddedness indeed mediates some effect of corporate social capital, both variables have shown direct impact on performance.Research limitations/implicationsReported findings are from a small sample of 83 firms in an inland Chinese province, and business performance is measured by subjective evaluation rather than economic output.Practical implicationsThe practical implication is that a Chinese FDI firm is expected to maintain all three relational channels – governmental, market and interpersonal – because the firm can gain different kinds of information and resources from these sources and each channel is necessary and equally important for the firm’s development. Importantly, it needs a different strategy to maintain and best use each channel. For the Belt and Road Initiative to be effective, China must establish platforms through which enterprises can strengthen and reconfigure their corporate social capital, as well as to cultivate and sustain their local networks in foreign destinations.
Self-reflection and employee creativity
Authors: Wang Zhining , Liu Dandan , Cai Shaohan 
Published: August 2019

PurposeThis paper aims to examine the effect of self-reflection on employee creativity in China. The authors identify individual intellectual capital (IIC) as a mediator and concerns for face as a moderator for this relationship.Design/methodology/approachA sample of 351 dyads of full-time employees and their immediate supervisors from various Chinese companies were surveyed. Regression analysis and structural equation modeling were used to test the research model.FindingsThree dimensions of self-reflection significantly affect IIC and subsequently lead to employee creativity; IIC mediates the relationship between three dimensions of self-reflection and employee creativity; concern for face negatively moderates the effect of IIC on employee creativity.Practical implicationsManagers can facilitate employees’ creativity by motivating them to conduct self-reflection and develop IIC, and by nurturing a safe atmosphere that allows individuals to take risks without losing face.Originality/valueThis is one of the first empirical studies to investigate the mediating effects of IIC and the moderating effects of concerns for face on the relationship between self-reflection and creativity.
Rendering optimal design under various uncertainties
Authors: Lü Hui , Yang Kun , Shangguan Wen-bin , Yin Hui , Yu DJ 
Published: August 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to propose a unified optimization design method and apply it to handle the brake squeal instability involving various uncertainties in a unified framework.Design/methodology/approachFuzzy random variables are taken as equivalent variables of conventional uncertain variables, and a unified response analysis method is first derived based on level-cut technique, Taylor expansion and central difference scheme. Next, a unified reliability analysis method is developed by integrating the unified response analysis and fuzzy possibility theory. Finally, based on the unified reliability analysis method, a unified reliability-based optimization model is established, which is capable of optimizing uncertain responses in a unified way for different uncertainty cases.FindingsThe proposed method is extended to perform squeal instability analysis and optimization involving various uncertainties. Numerical examples under eight uncertainty cases are provided and the results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.Originality/valueMost of the existing methods of uncertainty analysis and optimization are merely effective in tackling one uncertainty case. The proposed method is able to handle the uncertain problems involving various types of uncertainties in a unified way.
Housing challenges in Saudi Arabia: the shortage of suitable housing units for various socioeconomic segments of Saudi society
Authors: Alqahtany Ali , Bin Mohanna Ameen 
Published: August 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to identify the obstacles to the availability of suitable housing units for various socioeconomic segments of society with an emphasis on single-family homes, which is the most preferred housing type in the Saudi society.Design/methodology/approachTo achieve the aim of this paper, the Delphi method was used to explore the experts’ opinions on the most important obstacles.FindingsThe findings of the study underline 17 different obstacles affecting the availability of suitable housing units for various segments of the Saudi society. The most critical obstacle is the high cost of land followed by the low income of the families, high cost of construction, high interest rate of mortgages and shortage of suitable residential lands.Originality/valueThe study concludes with a number of proposed recommendations that can contribute to address the current shortage of suitable housing units.
The impact of gender, socioeconomic status and locality on the development of student patterns of alcohol consumption and harm
Authors: Evans Melissa , Lester Leanne , Midford Richard , Cahill Helen Walker , Foxcroft David , Waghorne Robyn , Venning Lynne 
Published: August 2019

Purpose
The consequences of problematic alcohol consumption fall heavily on Australian adolescents, with this population at increased risk of death, serious injury and other harm. Research regarding whether gender, socioeconomic status (SES) or locality play a role in young people’s alcohol consumption and related harm is limited in Australia. The purpose of this paper is to determine whether Victorian students’ patterns of alcohol uptake, consumption and related harm differed between gender, SES and locality.

Design/methodology/approach
The study involved secondary analysis of student data from the Drug Education in Victorian Schools harm minimisation drug education programme, undertaken in 21 Victorian government schools over three years The initial cohort of 1,752 students was followed during Years 8, 9 and 10, when their average age would have, respectively, been 13, 14 and 15 years.

Findings
There were no gender differences in drinking uptake, consumption or harm. Students with low SES were more likely to have consumed a full drink of alcohol and also experienced more alcohol-related harm. Students living in a regional/rural area were more likely to have engaged in high alcohol consumption.

Originality/value
The findings of this study highlighted that different student demographics have an impact on patterns of alcohol consumption, vulnerability and harm. Students with low SES, living in a regional/rural area, are more at risk than students with higher SES living in a fringe metro/major regional or metro area. Future school harm minimisation drug education programmes should consider the needs of students with demographics that make them more susceptible to higher consumption and harm.
An epidemic model for correlated information diffusion in crowd intelligence networks
Authors: Li Yuejiang , Zhao H. Vicky , Chen Yan 
Published: August 2019

Purpose
With the popularity of the internet and the increasing numbers of netizens, tremendous information flows are generated daily by the intelligently interconnected individuals. The diffusion processes of different information are not independent, and they interact with and influence each other. Modeling and analyzing the interaction between correlated information play an important role in the understanding of the characteristics of information dissemination and better control of the information flows. This paper aims to model the correlated information diffusion process over the crowd intelligence networks.

Design/methodology/approach
This study extends the classic epidemic susceptible–infectious–recovered (SIR) model and proposes the SIR mixture model to describe the diffusion process of two correlated pieces of information. The whole crowd is divided into different groups with respect to their forwarding state of the correlated information, and the transition rate between different groups shows the property of each piece of information and the influences between them.

Findings
The stable state of the SIR mixture model is analyzed through the linearization of the model, and the stable condition can be obtained. Real data are used to validate the SIR mixture model, and the detailed diffusion process of correlated information can be inferred by the analysis of the parameters learned through fitting the real data into the SIR mixture model.

Originality/value
The proposed SIR mixture model can be used to model the diffusion of correlated information and analyze the propagation process.
Integrated palliative care definition and constitutive elements: scoping review
Authors: Mondejar-Pont Meritxell , Ramon-Aribau Anna , Gómez-Batiste Xavier 
Published: August 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to propose a unified definition of integrated palliative care (IPC), and to identify the elements that facilitate or hinder implementation of an integrated palliative care system (IPCS).

Design/methodology/approach
A scoping review of the conceptualization and essential elements of IPC was undertaken, based on a search of the PubMed, Scopus and ISI Web of Science databases. The search identified 79 unduplicated articles; 43 articles were selected for content analysis.

Findings
IPC is coordinated and collaborative across different health organizations, levels of care and types of providers. Eight key elements facilitate implementation of an IPCS: coordination, early patient identification, patient-centered services, care continuity, provider education and training, a standard implementation model and screening tool, shared information technology system, and supportive policies and funding. These elements were plotted as a “Circle of Integrated Palliative Care System Elements.”

Practical implications
This paper offers researchers an inclusive definition of IPC and describes the essential elements of its successful implementation.

Originality/value
This study provides evidence from researchers on five continents, offering insights from multiple countries and cultures on the topic of IPC. The findings of this thematic analysis could assist international researchers aiming to develop a standard evaluative model or assess the level of integration in a health care system’s delivery of palliative care.
Health service literacy: complementary actor roles for transformative value co-creation
Authors: Davey Janet , Grönroos Christian 
Published: August 2019

Purpose
Although health-care features prominently in transformative service research, there is little to guide service providers on how to improve well-being and social change transformations. This paper aims to explore actor-level interactions in transformative services, proposing that actors’ complementary health service literacy roles are fundamental to resource integration and joint value creation.

Design/methodology/approach
In-depth interviews with 46 primary health-care patients and 11 health-care service providers (HSPs) were conducted focusing on their subjective experiences of health literacy. An iterative hermeneutic approach was used to analyse the textual data linking it with existing theory.

Findings
Data analysis identified patients’ and HSPs’ health service literacy roles and corresponding role readiness dimensions. Four propositions are developed describing how these roles influence resource integration processes. Complementary service literacy roles enhance resource integration with outcomes of respect, trust, empowerment and loyalty. Competing service literacy roles lead to outcomes of discredit, frustration, resistance and exit through unsuccessful resource integration.

Originality/value
Health service literacy roles – linked to actor agency, institutional norms and service processes – provide a nuanced approach to understanding the tensions between patient empowerment trends and service professionals’ desire for recognition of their expertise over patient care. Specifically, the authors extend Frow et al.’s (2016) list of co-creation practices with practices that complement actors’ service literacy and role readiness. Based on a service perspective, the authors encourage transformative service researchers, service professionals and health service system designers, to recognize complementary health service literacy roles as an opportunity to support patients’ resources and facilitate value co-creation.
Government intervention policies in competition of financial chains: a game theory approach
Authors: Reza-Gharehbagh Raziyeh , Hafezalkotob Ashkan , Makui Ahmad , Sayadi Mohammad Kazem 
Published: August 2019

PurposeThis study aims to analyze the competition of two financial chains (FCs) when the government intervenes in the financial market to prohibit the excessively high-interest rate by minimizing the arbitrages caused by speculative transactions. Each FC comprises an investor and one intermediary, attempts to finance the capital-constrained firms in financing needs.Design/methodology/approachUsing a Stackelberg game theoretic framework and formulating two- and three-level optimization problems for six possible scenarios, the authors establish an integrative framework to evaluate the scenarios through the lens of the two main decision-making structures of the FCs (i.e. centralized and decentralized) and three policies of the government (i.e. speculation minimizing, revenue gaining and utility maximizing).FindingsSolving the problem results in optimal values for tariffs, which guarantee a stable competitive market. Consequently, policymaking by the government influences the decision variables, which is shown in a numerical study. The authors find that the government can orchestrate the FCs in the competitive market by imposing tariffs and prohibiting high-interest rates via regulating the speculation impacts, which guarantees a stable market and facilitates the financing of capital-constrained firms.Research limitations/implicationsThis paper aids the financial markets and governments to control the interest rate by minimizing the speculation level.Originality/valueThis paper investigates the impact of government intervention policies – as a leading player – on the competition of FCs – as followers – in providing financial services and making profits. The government imposes tariffs on the interest rate to stabilize the market by limiting speculative transactions. The paper presents the mathematical models of the optimization problems through the game-theoretic framework and comparison of the scenarios through a numerical experiment.
The relationship between debt and a firm’s performance: the impact of institutional factors
Authors: Forte Rosa , Tavares José Miguel 
Published: August 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to contribute to the existing literature on the relationship between debt and firms’ performance, by focusing on the influence of the institutional framework on this relationship and on the role of macroeconomic variables in explaining performance.Design/methodology/approachThe present work is based on a large sample of 48,840 manufacturing firms from nine European countries covering the 2008–2013 period and uses a fixed effects model.FindingsResults show that the impact of debt on a firm’s performance depends on the measure of debt (short-term debt positively affects a firm’s performance, whereas long-term debt presents a negative relationship) and that the institutional framework is indeed affecting the relationship between debt and a firm’s performance: the positive effect of debt on a firm’s performance tends to be higher the greater the “efficiency of the legal system” and the greater the “credit market regulation.” Macroeconomic variables also play a key role in explaining performance.Originality/valueUnlike most of the existing studies, which focus only on the relationship between debt and firms’ performance in a single country, the present work uses a sample of firms from nine countries with the purpose of filling a research gap and bringing new empirical evidence to this research area.
Security tokens: architecture, smart contract applications and illustrations using SAFE
Authors: Subramanian Hemang 
Published: August 2019

Purpose
Blockchain technologies have pervaded modern crowdfunding and capital sourcing through a variety of financial instruments implemented as smart contracts. Smart contracts provide a unique mechanism not only to create a unique one-of-a-type financial instrument, but also to enable unique innovations atop existing financial instruments due to underlying efficiencies. The smartness comes from the flexibility that programs provide which can create extremely unique financial instruments that are often complex to implement, yet easy to create, maintain through versioning, trade and destroy. The purpose of this paper is to describe the security token architecture as an application of smart contracts. Further, the author illustrates the implementation and design of a commonly used financial instrument known as Simple Agreement for Future Equity (SAFE) using the security token architecture proposed and smart contract functionality. The author then models the transaction using relational algebra, and, models the utility maximization. The author shows how on account of reduced information asymmetry between the investors and SAFE users (i.e. startups) utility is positive when smart contract-based security tokens are deployed for each state in the SAFE contract.

Design/methodology/approach
Using an existing well-adopted instrument called a SAFE contract, the author illustrates the architecture of a smart contract-based security token system. The author illustrates how different components of a SAFE contract can be implemented as a smart contract and discusses the advantages and disadvantages of applying blockchain-based smart contracts to design SAFE instruments. The author deploys two methods: a state space diagram to explain state transitions and a utility model to explain the utilities.

Findings
The key findings of this research study are the design of a security token architecture, which can be used to convert any the physical or contract-based financial instrument to a smart contract that runs on the blockchain. However, there are limitations to the implementation of the same which can be overcome. The model illustrates the positive utilities derived for all economic actors, i.e. the contractors, the utility providers, etc., in the market.

Originality/value
This paper is an original paper. For the very first time, the author explored the architecture of a security token system. Using a well-known financial instrument, namely the SAFE, the author describes various components, e.g. the four contracts that form SAFE and then model the utilities for the system.