bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Plausible lies and implausible truths: Police investigators’ preferences while portraying the role of innocent suspects
Authors: Elaad Eitan 
Published: June 2019

PurposeThe present study was designed to examine differences between the preferences of police investigators and laypeople for lies over implausible truths, when assigned to the role of innocent suspects in simulated police investigation scenarios, in order to convince the interrogator of their innocence.MethodsThirty police investigators and thirty laypeople were asked to report how they would behave in four imaginary implausible crime scenarios, given their role as innocent suspects. Participants responded by selecting one of the following four alternative behaviours for each scenario: implausible truth, concealment, partial lie, and utter lie.ResultsResults showed that police investigators tended to select plausible lies rather than less plausible truths. Laypeople adhered to less plausible truths. Results were explained by investigators’ biased self‐assessed lie‐detection and truth‐telling abilities, which correlated positively with lying preferences.ConclusionsIt was suggested that innocent suspects should abandon the unrealistic belief that truth will prevail and be ultimately validated. They are advised instead to prepare a convincing story prior to the criminal interrogation and, if necessary, to conceal unexplained implausible statements from interrogators.
Comparative effectiveness of common therapies for Wilson disease: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of controlled studies
Authors: Appenzeller‐Herzog Christian , Mathes Tim , Heeres Marlies L.S. , Weiss Karl Heinz , Houwen Roderick H.J. , Ewald Hannah 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackground & aimsWilson disease (WD) is a rare disorder of copper metabolism. The objective of this systematic review was to determine the comparative effectiveness and safety of common treatments of WD.MethodsWe included WD patients of any age or stage and the study drugs D‐penicillamine, zinc salts, trientine and tetrathiomolybdate. The control could be placebo, no treatment or any other treatment. We included prospective, retrospective, randomized and non‐randomized studies. We searched Medline and Embase via Ovid, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and screened reference lists of included articles. Where possible, we applied random‐effects meta‐analyses.ResultsThe 23 included studies reported on 2055 patients and mostly compared D‐penicillamine to no treatment, zinc, trientine or succimer. One study compared tetrathiomolybdate and trientine. Post‐decoppering maintenance therapy was addressed in one study only. Eleven of 23 studies were of low quality. When compared to no treatment, D‐penicillamine was associated with a lower mortality (odds ratio 0.013; 95% CI 0.0010 to 0.17). When compared to zinc, there was no association with mortality (odds ratio 0.73; 95% CI 0.16 to 3.40) and prevention or amelioration of clinical symptoms (odds ratio 0.84; 95% CI 0.48 to 1.48). Conversely, D‐penicillamine may have a greater impact on side effects and treatment discontinuations than zinc.ConclusionsThere are some indications that zinc is safer than D‐penicillamine therapy while being similarly effective in preventing or reducing hepatic or neurological WD symptoms. Study quality was low warranting cautious interpretation of our findings.
Tadalafil, a phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor, restores urethra and detrusor function in the initial phase of diabetes in rats
Authors: Gotoh Daisuke , Torimoto Kazumasa , Iwasaki Hirotaka , Iwamoto Takashi , Morizawa Yosuke , Hori Shunta , Miyake Makito , Tanaka Nobumichi , Hirayama Akihide , Nishi Eiichiro , Fujimoto Kiyohide 
Published: June 2019

AbstractObjectiveThis study investigated the effects of tadalafil on the urethra and detrusor in the initial phase of diabetes in rats.MethodsThirty‐six female Sprague‐Dawley rats were assigned to a non‐diabetes (ND), diabetes (D), or tadalafil‐treated diabetes (DT) group (n = 12 per group), with the DT group receiving oral tadalafil (2 mg/kg/d) for 7 days before the experiments. Seven weeks after diabetes induction (by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin), urethral and intravesical pressure were simultaneously recorded in vivo, whereas responses of detrusor strips to potassium chloride (30 mM), electrical field stimulation (EFS) and carbachol were measured in vitro.ResultsThe intravesical pressure at which the urethra started to relax was significantly lower in the DT than D group (mean [± s.d.] 18.9 ± 2.9 vs 29.1 ± 6.6 cm H2O; P < .05). In addition, the reduction in urethral pressure was significantly larger in the DT than D group (−10.9 ± 4.0 vs −4.0 ± 2.9 cm H2O; P < .05). Detrusor stimulation revealed that the mean contractile responses to EFS and carbachol were significantly lower in the ND and DT groups than in the D group (120.7 ± 26.5% and 130.8 ± 15.8% vs 200.1 ± 47.9% of the 30 mM KCl‐induced contraction, respectively, in response to 50 Hz EFS [P < .05]; 211.1 ± 35.4% and 208.4 ± 25.3% vs 425.7 ± 125.0% of the 30 mM KCl‐induced contraction, respectively, in response to 10−3 M carbachol [P < .05]).ConclusionsTadalafil restored urethral relaxation function and detrusor responses to EFS and carbachol during the initial phase of diabetes.
Diversity of extracytoplasmic function sigma (σECF) factor‐dependent signaling in Pseudomonas
Authors: Otero‐Asman Joaquín R. , Wettstadt Sarah , Bernal Patricia , Llamas María A. 
Published: June 2019

SummaryPseudomonas bacteria are widespread and are found in soil and water, as well as pathogens of both plants and animals. The ability of Pseudomonas to colonize many different environments is facilitated by the multiple signaling systems these bacteria contain that allow Pseudomonas to adapt to changing circumstances by generating specific responses. Among others, signaling through extracytoplasmic function σ (σECF) factors is extensively present in Pseudomonas. σECF factors trigger expression of functions required under particular conditions in response to specific signals. This manuscript reviews the phylogeny and biological roles of σECF factors in Pseudomonas, and highlights the diversity of σECF‐signaling pathways of this genus in terms of function and activation. We show that Pseudomonas σECF factors belong to 16 different phylogenetic groups. Most of them are included within the iron starvation group and are mainly involved in iron acquisition. The second most abundant group is formed by RpoE‐like σECF factors, which regulate the responses to cell envelope stress. Other groups controlling solvent tolerance, biofilm formation and the response to oxidative stress, among other functions, are present in lower frequency. The role of σECF factors in the virulence of Pseudomonas pathogenic species is described.
Cytokines in gingivocrevicular fluid of rheumatoid arthritis patients: A review of the literature
Authors: Rahajoe Poerwati S. , Smit Menke J. , Kertia Nyoman , Westra Johanna , Vissink Arjan 
Published: June 2019

AbstractObjectiveRheumatoid arthritis (RA) and periodontitis share several pathological features including bone and soft tissue destruction and high levels of circulating inflammatory proteins. Studies related to cytokines in the periodontal inflammatory exudate (gingivocrevicular fluid, GCF) of RA patients might provide insight into the association between periodontitis and RA. The aim of our study was to review the literature on cytokines in GCF of RA patients including the effect of anti‐rheumatic treatment with biological disease‐modifying anti‐rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) and periodontal treatment on these cytokines.Materials and methodsMedLine/PubMed searches with different combinations of keywords “rheumatoid arthritis or RA” and “crevicular fluid or GCF” until June 2019 revealed 64 articles. Ten cross‐sectional observational studies and nine treatment studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria.ResultsRheumatoid arthritis patients have increased circulating and GCF levels of pro‐inflammatory cytokines and proteins, despite anti‐rheumatic treatment with biological DMARDs. Presence of periodontitis was accompanied by higher cytokine and protein levels. Treatment of periodontitis resulted in a decrease of these levels.ConclusionAnalysis of GCF of RA patients reveals that the relationship between periodontitis and RA is bidirectional, probably caused by a non‐specific inflammatory burden. Data for a specific relationship are barely present in GCF.
Distant metastases in newly diagnosed tongue squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Cai Xinjia , Huang Junhui 
Published: June 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo characterize the incidence and survivals of patients with distant metastases in newly diagnosed tongue squamous cell carcinoma.Materials and methodsPatients with distant metastases in newly diagnosed tongue squamous cell carcinoma were collected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. Data were classified by sex, age, race, insurance status, T stage, N stage and grade. Multivariable logistic and Cox regression were used to demonstrate risk factors of the presence of distant metastases and hazards related to mortality, respectively.ResultsWe found 92 patients with distant metastases in newly diagnosed tongue squamous cell carcinoma, including lung, bone, liver, and brain, representing 1.08% of the entire cohort. 69 were male and 23 were female. Median survival among patients with distant metastases was 4.0 months.ConclusionThe study describes the incidence and prognosis of patients with distant metastases in newly diagnosed tongue squamous cell carcinoma based on population estimates. The findings lend support to closely monitor the development of distant metastases among patients with predictors at the time of diagnosis of tongue squamous cell carcinoma.
Use of partially hydrolysed formula in infancy and incidence of eczema, respiratory symptoms or food allergies in toddlers from the ELFE cohort
Authors: Davisse‐Paturet Camille , Raherison Chantal , Adel‐Patient Karine , Divaret‐Chauveau Amandine , Bois Corinne , Dufourg Marie‐Noëlle , Lioret Sandrine , Charles Marie‐Aline , de Lauzon‐Guillain Blandine 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackground and objectivesPartially hydrolyzed formulas (pHF) are recommended in non‐breastfed infants with familial history of allergy to prevent allergy development. However, recent meta‐analysis does not provide strong support for their protective effect. The present work assesses the links between 2‐month infant formula use and the incidence of eczema, respiratory symptoms, or food allergies (FA) up to 2 years of age.MethodsThe nationwide ELFE birth cohort is a population‐based study from mainland France. Infant feeding (breast milk only, partially hydrolyzed formula with [pHF‐HA] or without a hypoallergenic label [pHF‐non‐HA], and non‐hydrolyzed formula [Nhf]) was reported at 2 months. Eczema, FA, and respiratory symptoms such as wheezing and asthma were reported at 2 months, 1 year, and 2 years. Infants with prior FA at 2 months were excluded from analyses.ResultsAmong 11 720 infants, those who received only breast milk at 2 months were at lower risk of eczema at 1 year than those who received nHF (OR[95% CI] = 0.78[0.65‐0.94] in non‐at‐risk infants; 0.86[0.75‐0.98] in at‐risk infants). The use of pHF‐HA, compared with nHF, at 2 months was related to higher risk of wheezing at 1 year in at‐risk infants (1.68[1.24‐2.28]) and higher risk of FA at 2 years both in non‐at‐risk infants (3.78[1.52‐9.41]) and in at‐risk infants (2.31[1.36‐3.94]).ConclusionsIn this nationwide study, pHF‐HA use was not associated with a lower risk of any of the studied outcomes. Quite the reverse, it was associated with a higher risk of wheezing and FA. This should be confirmed in further studies.
In vitro and in vivo efficacy of anti‐chikungunya virus monoclonal antibodies produced in wild‐type and glycoengineered Nicotiana benthamiana plants
Authors: Hurtado Jonathan , Acharya Dhiraj , Lai Huafang , Sun Haiyan , Kallolimath Somanath , Steinkellner Herta , Bai Fengwei , Chen Qiang 
Published: June 2019

SummaryChikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a mosquito‐transmitted alphavirus, and its infection can cause long‐term debilitating arthritis in humans. Currently, there are no licensed vaccines or therapeutics for human use to combat CHIKV infections. In this study, we explored the feasibility of using an anti‐CHIKV monoclonal antibody (mAb) produced in wild‐type (WT) and glycoengineered (∆XFT) Nicotiana benthamiana plants in treating CHIKV infection in a mouse model. CHIKV mAb was efficiently expressed and assembled in plant leaves and enriched to homogeneity by a simple purification scheme. While mAb produced in ∆XFT carried a single N‐glycan species at the Fc domain, namely GnGn structures, WT produced mAb exhibited a mixture of N‐glycans including the typical plant GnGnXF3 glycans, accompanied by incompletely processed and oligomannosidic structures. Both WT and ∆XFT plant‐produced mAbs demonstrated potent in vitro neutralization activity against CHIKV. Notably, both mAb glycoforms showed in vivo efficacy in a mouse model, with a slight increased efficacy by the ∆XFT‐produced mAbs. This is the first report of the efficacy of plant‐produced mAbs against CHIKV, which demonstrates the ability of using plants as an effective platform for production of functionally active CHIKV mAbs and implies optimization of in vivo activity by controlling Fc glycosylation.
Urinary tract infection caused by extended‐spectrum β‐lactamase‐producing bacteria: Risk factors and antibiotic resistance
Authors: Albaramki Jumana H , Abdelghani Tariq , Dalaeen Alaa , Khdair Ahmad Fareed , Alassaf Abeer , Odeh Rasha , Akl Kamal 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to investigate the risk factors for acquisition of extended spectrum β‐lactamase (ESBL)‐producing bacteria in community‐acquired urinary tract infection (UTI) and to evaluate their antimicrobial resistance.MethodsThe medical records of hospitalized children were retrospectively evaluated. Children with ESBL‐producing bacteria UTI were matched with controls with non‐ESBL‐producing bacteria UTI of the same age and gender.ResultsA total of 243 patients with community‐acquired UTI in a 5 year period were evaluated, of whom 46% had UTI caused by ESBL bacteria. Seventy‐seven cases were matched with 77 controls. There were no significant differences in the clinical presentation between the two groups apart from a longer hospital stay in the ESBL group (9.1 ± 5.5 days vs 8.0 ± 4.4 days, P = 0.013). Significant potential risk factors for ESBL‐UTI were previous use of antibiotics in the last 3 months, previous hospitalization in the last 3 months, history of recurrent UTI, and presence of renal anomalies. On logistic regression analysis, history of previous hospitalization in the last 3 months (OR, 3.83; 95%CI: 1.49–9.84) was identified as an independent significant risk factor for ESBL‐UTI. There was a significantly higher resistance to amoxicillin‐clavulanate, amikacin, gentamycin and quinolones in the ESBL group compared with the control group.ConclusionRecognizing the risk factors for ESBL‐UTI helps to identify the high‐risk cases and enables proper management.
Adult gastroenterologists’ views on transitional care: Results from a survey
Authors: Kumagai Hideki , Kudo Takahiro , Uchida Keiichi , Kunisaki Reiko , Sugita Akira , Ohtsuka Yoshikazu , Arai Katsuhiro , Kubota Mitsuru , Tajiri Hitoshi , Suzuki Yasuo , Shimizu Toshiaki 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundIn 2018, Japanese guidelines for autonomy support of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in the transitional period were published. These guidelines, however, were prepared mainly by pediatric gastroenterologists. In order to improve such supportive guidelines, it is necessary for pediatric gastroenterologists to be aware of the attitudes and expectations of adult gastroenterologists. Accordingly, the first Japanese national survey designed to explore the views of adult gastroenterologists regarding successful transitional care was conducted.MethodsThe survey involved institutions at which adult gastroenterologists in the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare of Japan's Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Study Group, were working. Physicians were contacted by conventional mail, and their answers were not anonymized. A total of 100 eligible adult institutions were identified. Further specific subgroup analysis was conducted.ResultsA response rate of 34% was achieved. Seventy‐six percent of the respondents had experienced some degree of difficulty when accepting patients with childhood‐onset IBD referred from pediatric gastroenterologists. With regard to the ideal form of medical care for adolescent patients with IBD, transfer to adult care was supported by 94% of the respondents. Only 27% of respondents, however, stated they would have no hesitation in accepting patients referred from pediatric care centers. Two crucial areas requiring improvement were identified: inadequate clinical summaries and lack of patient independence from their parents/caregivers.ConclusionsThe present survey results reinforce the importance of a transitional program of education for childhood‐onset IBD patients and the need to improve communication between adult and pediatric gastroenterologists.
Assessment of Biologically Effective Solar Ultraviolet Exposures for Court Staff and Competitors During a Major Australian Tennis Tournament
Authors: Igoe Damien P. , Amar Abdurazaq , Schouten Peter , Parisi Alfio V. , Turner Joanna 
Published: June 2019

AbstractSport is an integral and enduring part of many societies, such as Australia. Participation in outdoor sports, such as tennis, comes with a very real risk of dangerous solar ultraviolet exposure which can result in erythema (sunburn), serious conditions such as skin cancer, including melanoma, and eye conditions such as cataracts and pterygium. This study remotely assesses the effective ultraviolet exposures in response to the increased sun safety awareness at a major summertime tennis tournament in Australia. The assessment only uses publicly accessible data and information. It was found that tournament organizers have effectively adopted sun‐safe protocols into the uniform policy that the court officials (judges and ball kids) are mandated to follow. The combination of sun‐participant geometry and the photoprotection provided by uniforms significantly reduced the ambient ultraviolet exposure, which was recorded to be as high as 9.9 SED h−1, to just 1.0 and 0.5 SED h−1 for ball kids and judges, respectively, compared to up to 2.0 SED h−1 for players. Even though caution is needed against complacency with sun safety, with the need for the court officials and the players to still apply sunscreen, the court officials provided persistent visual role modeling of sun‐safe behaviors.
The pupil response as an indicator of user experience in a digital exercise game
Authors: Gutjahr Michael O. , Ellermeier Wolfgang , Hardy Sandro , Göbel Stefan , Wiemeyer Josef 
Published: June 2019

AbstractTo study whether psychophysiological indicators are suitable measures of user experience in a digital exercise game (exergame), a laboratory study employing both psychophysiological and self‐report measures was conducted. Sixty‐six participants cycled for 10 min on an ergometer while pupil diameter, skin conductance, and heart rate were measured; afterward, they completed a user experience questionnaire. The participants performed under three experimental conditions varying between subjects: active gaming (participants controlled the altitude of a digital bird by varying their pedal rate in order to catch letters flying across the screen), observing a game (they observed a replay of another participant’s game), and no‐game (blank screen). Only the gaming condition showed evidence for statistically significant pupil dilations—indicating emotional arousal—in response to game events (catching a letter) or corresponding points in time. The observational condition did not differ statistically from the no‐game control condition. Self‐reports also indicated that the gaming condition was rated most fun and least demanding. Other psychophysiological indicators (heart rate, skin conductance) showed no systematic effects in response to game events, rather they steadily increased during training. Thus, pupil responses were shown to be suitable indicators of positive emotional reactions to game events and user experience in a (training) game.
Heart rate variability related to season of birth: A replication study
Authors: Iseger Tabitha A. , Vollebregt Madelon A. , Krepel Noralie , Arns Martijn 
Published: June 2019

AbstractLow heart rate variability (HRV) has strongly been associated with an increased risk for cardiovascular disease. With cardiovascular disease being the number one cause of global deaths, factors that influence its development are relevant to understand. Season of birth has been suggested as one of the factors influencing the development of HRV. The current study was set up to replicate the finding that men born in winter have higher HRV later in life compared to those born in other seasons. To this end, we studied a sample of 1,871 healthy participants from the Brain Resource International Database during rest and during task. Furthermore, sex and age differences and associations with personality traits and psychiatric symptoms were explored. We replicated the earlier finding that men born in winter have a lower ratio of low frequency (LF) power to high frequency (HF) power during rest compared to summer and fall, and, although less pronounced, higher HF compared to summer. A difference between summer and winter for LF/HF in men was internally replicated using data recorded during task. Additionally, for both sexes, LF/HF ratio increased with age, and LF and HF both decreased. In general, LF/HF was lower in women, but heart rate was higher. In men, low HRV was associated with depression and the personality trait openness. In conclusion, results from a large multicenter data set covering the entire lifespan demonstrate that HRV changes with age in both sexes and confirm that season of birth influences HRV later in life in men.
Nitrite implications and its management strategies in aquaculture: a review
Authors: Ciji Alexander , Akhtar Mohammad Shahbaz 
Published: June 2019

AbstractHigh nitrite levels are often encountered in intensive and recirculatory aquaculture systems but can also be found in natural waters under certain circumstances. Significant research advancement on nitrite and its implications in aquaculture sector has been made for last few decades, but emphasis on its management aspects has been given due consideration since recent past. Therefore, this review article not only aims to summarize the voluminous published reports on nitrite implications in fish but also recapitulates the research progress made on mitigation/management strategies. Nitrite exposure has been shown to adversely affect fish and shellfish growth, moulting, blood oxygen carrying capacity, water balance, osmoregulation, ionic homoeostasis and cause endocrine disruption. The nitric oxide produced from nitrite can inhibit several components of steroidogenic pathway leading to reduced reproductive performance. Different approaches and management strategies that have been evolved so far to address the nitrite‐associated stress have varying degrees of success. Adopting better nutritional approach like feeding antioxidant or nutraceutical fortified feeds along with effectively functioning biological filters is found to be helpful in reducing the deleterious effects of nitrite in cultured animals. This review paper, containing the plethora of information on nitrite and its management in one place, will definitely act as a ready reference for different stakeholders such as farmers, researchers and policymakers for sustainable development of aquaculture.