bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HUBUNGAN KELERENGAN DENGAN KADAR AIR TANAH, PH TANAH, DAN PENAMPILAN JERUK GERGA DI KABUPATEN LEBONG
Authors: Banjarnahor Nurlina , Hindarto Kanang Setyo , Fahrurrozi Fahrurrozi 
Published: September 2018

[RELATIONSHIP OF SLOPE STEEPNESS TO SOIL WATER CONTENT, SOIL PH, AND PERFORMANCES OF GERGA ORANGE AT LEBONG REGENCY]. In Lebong Regency, gerga orange is commonly grown in hilly areas and many of the crop stands were found on steep sloped land. Objective of this study was to determine the pattern of relationship of slope steepness to soil water content, soil pH, and the overall plant performances. Soil samples were collected from the area below the canopy of 300 gerga orange trees differing in the slope steepness for for soil water content (SWC) and soil pH. The observation of plant performances were also made from the same tree as used for the soil properties observations. The analysis of regression indicated that relationship of slope steepness to both the observed soil properties and plant performances could be represented by the linear models suggesting that all the observed variables were reduced along with the increasing slope steepness.
PERTUMBUHAN BIBIT KELAPA SAWIT DI PRE-NURSERY DENGAN KOMPOSISI MEDIA TANAM DAN KONSENTRASI PUPUK CAIR Azolla pinnata BERBEDA
Authors: Waruwu Filsafat , Simanihuruk Bilman Wilman , Prasetyo Prasetyo , Hermansyah Hermansyah 
Published: September 2018

[GROWTH OF OIL PALM SEEDLINGS IN PRE-NURSERY UNDER DIFFERENT MEDIA COMPOSITIONS AND CONCENTRATIONS OF Azolla pinnata LIQUID FERTILIZER]. Vigourous seedling is prerequisite to successful production of oil palm. Aside from the genetic quality of the planting material, supply of nutrients during early growth of the seedling play an important role in determinting the overall seedling performances. This study was performed to determine the best combination of media composition and concentration of liquid fertilizer made of Azolla pinnata for oil palm seedling growth during pre-nursery. A factorial arrangement of the treatments involving growing media consisted of different composition of oil palm empty fruit bunches compost and soil (1: 1, 1: 2, and 2: 1 v/v) and different concentration of Azolla pinnata liquid fertilizer applications (0, 20, 40, and 60 mL/L) were arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Data were collected for leaf number, stem diameter, seedling height, and leaf greenness at 30, 60, and 90 days after sowing (DAS). A significant interaction effect between the treatments was observed on leaf number at 60 and 90 DAS. A further regression analysis revealed that the highest number of leaves (4.3 at 60 DAS and 6.9 at 90 DAS) were attained on the media composition of 1:1 with liquid fertilizer application at 37.5 and 56 mL/L, respectively. Seedling height and stem diameter at 90 DAP showed quadratic responses to the increasing concentration of the liquid fertilizer applications. The maximum seedling height (26.22 cm) was attained at the liquid fertilizer concentrations of 36.21 mL/L. Similarly, the maximum stem diameter (7.43 mm) was attained at the concentration of 51.00 ml/L. The leaf greeneess at 60 DAS was increased in a linear fashion with the increasing concentration of the liquid fertilizer.
İKTİSADİ DÖNÜŞÜMÜN MEKANSAL YANSIMASI: KENTLEŞME
Authors: KETHUDAOĞLU Fatma 
Published: September 2018

Kentleşme, “sanayileşmeye ve ekonomik
gelişmeye koşut olarak kent sayısının artması ve bugünkü kentlerin büyümesi
sonucunu doğuran, toplum yapısında artan oranda örgütlenme, işbölümü ve
uzmanlaşmaya neden olan bir nüfus birikim süreci” olarak tanımlanabilir. Bu
süreç, ekonomik, sosyal ve teknolojik değişmeleri içermektedir. 1800’lerde
dünya nüfusunun yalnızca % 2’si kentlerde yaşamaktayken 2000’li yıllarda bu
oran % 50’nin üzerine çıkmıştır. Kentsel alanlarda nüfus yoğunluğunda meydana
gelen artış yapısal değişime yol açmıştır. Kentleşme ve iktisadi kalkınma
arasında yakın ilişkiler bulunmaktadır. Dengeli kalkınma sürecinde kentleşme,
sanayileşme ile koşut gerçekleşirken kalkınmayı hızlandırıcı bir işlev
üstlenmektedir. Dengesiz kentleşmede ise, siyasi, iktisadi ve çevresel alanda
negatif dışsallıklar ortaya çıkabilmektedir. Gelişmekte olan ülkelerle özdeşen
bu süreçte kentleşme deneyimi, çarpık kentleşme, adaptasyon sorunu, yapısal ve
sosyal açıdan uyumsuz yerleşimler vb. sorunlar ile karakterize olmakta; sanayileşmenin
etkisiyle çevre sorunları ortaya çıkmaktadır. Bu sorunlara çözüm bulunabilmesi,
kentleşme süre­cini düzenleyici politikaların uygulanması ile olanaklı
olabilmektedir.

Zamanla niteliği değişen
kent olgusu ve kentleşme sürecini, yapısal değişim, göç ve sanayileşmeye vurgu
yaparak yorumlamak uygun olacaktır. Bu tespitten hareketle çalışmada dünyada
yapısal değişim ile kentleşme ve sanayileşme süreci, kalkınma ve kent olgusu
açısından değerlendirilmiştir. Kentsel nüfustaki büyüme göç ve doğurganlık
oranındaki artışlardan ileri gelmiş; göçler, kırsal nüfusun kentlerde sunulan
eğitim, sağlık ve eğlence hizmetleri gibi avantajları elde etme arzusu ile
gerçekleşmiştir. Sanayileşme, iktisadi büyüme ve yeni işlere yol açarak
insanları şehirlere sürüklemektedir. Belirgin şekilde yüksek olan sosyal,
çevresel ve iktisadi refah beraberinde eğitim, yönetim müdahaleleri ve sosyal
reformlara yol açmaktadır.
Visual Processing of Emotional Faces is Preserved in Mild Cognitive Impairment
Authors: McCade Donna L. , Guastella Adam J. , Chen Nigel T.M. , Lewis Simon J.G. , Naismith Sharon L. 
Published: September 2018

Background: Research suggests that deficits in emotion recognition are evident in individuals with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI), a group ‘at risk’ of developing dementia. The mechanisms underlying this deficit, however, are unclear. Objective: In this study, we sought to determine whether there are alterations in the way in which individuals with MCI visually explore emotional facial stimuli. Methods: Eighteen healthy older controls (mean age = 64.6 years) and 32 individuals with MCI were recruited including 18 with the non-amnestic multiple domain (naMCI-md) subtype (mean age = 63.8 years) and 14 with the amnestic multiple domain (aMCI-md) subtype (mean age = 67.9 years). All participants were given a novel eye-tracking paradigm to investigate eye gaze while viewing images of emotional faces on a computer screen. Results: Analyses of eye gaze revealed no significant difference in the percentage of time that groups spent fixating on facial and peripheral facial regions when viewing emotional faces. All participants showed a relative preference for the eye region of faces relative to all other regions. Individuals with aMCI-md were found to be less accurate than controls and naMCI-md on emotion recognition measures. For naMCI-md individuals, significant relationships were found between efficiencies in visual scanning and increased fixation time on the eye region. Conclusions: Visual processing strategies adopted by aMCI-md individuals when exploring emotional faces do not significantly differ from those of healthy controls or naMCI-md individuals. This suggests that impaired facial emotion recognition in aMCI-md is not likely accounted for by visual processing differences, but rather may reflect an eroded ability to extract meaningful cues from the eye region.
Brain Amyloid Contribution to Cognitive Dysfunction in Early-Stage Parkinson’s Disease: The PPMI Dataset
Authors: Fiorenzato Eleonora , Biundo Roberta , Cecchin Diego , Frigo Anna Chiara , Kim Jinhee , Weis Luca , Strafella Antonio P. , Antonini Angelo 
Published: September 2018

Background: The pathological processes underlying cognitive impairment in Parkinson’s disease (PD) are heterogeneous and the contribution of cerebral amyloid deposits is poorly defined, particularly in the early stages of the disease. Objective: To investigate regional [18F]florbetaben binding to amyloid- β (A β) and its contribution to cognitive dysfunction in early stage PD. Methods: A multicenter cohort of 48 PD patients from the Parkinson’s Progression Marker Initiative (PPMI) underwent [18F]florbetaben positron emission tomography (PET) scanning. Clinical features, including demographic characteristics, motor severity, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and cognitive testing were systematically assessed according to the PPMI study protocol. For the purpose of this study, we analyzed various neuropsychological tests assessing all cognitive functions. Results: There were 10/48 (21%) amyloid positive PD patients (PDA β+). Increased [18F]florbetaben uptake in widespread cortical and subcortical regions was associated with poorer performance on global cognition, as assessed by Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), and impaired performance on Symbol Digit Modality test (SDMT). Further, we found that PDA β+ patients had higher CSF total-tau/A β1 - 42 ( p = 0.001) and phosphorylated-tau/A β1 - 42 in ( p = 0.002) compared to amyloid-negative PD. Conclusion: These findings suggest that multiple disease processes are associated with PD cognitive impairment and amyloid deposits may be observed already in early stages. However, prevalence of amyloid positivity is in the range of literature age-matched control population. Increased cortical and subcortical amyloid is associated with poor performance in attentive-executive domains while cognitive deficits at MoCA and SDMT may identify amyloid-related dysfunction in early PD.
Incidence and Prevalence of Antiepileptic Medication Use in Community-Dwelling Persons with and without Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Sarycheva Tatyana , Taipale Heidi , Lavikainen Piia , Tiihonen Jari , Tanskanen Antti , Hartikainen Sirpa , Tolppanen Anna-Maija 
Published: September 2018

Background: Although antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) have a potential for adverse drug reactions in older populations, little is known about their use in relation to Alzheimer’s disease (AD) diagnosis. Objectives: In this study, we investigated the incidence and prevalence of AED use in relation to AD diagnosis. Methods: The MEDALZ–study includes all Finnish persons who received clinically verified AD diagnoses ( n = 70,718) during 2005–2011 and a matched comparison cohort without AD ( n = 70,718). AD diagnoses were identified from the Special Reimbursement Register. We used the Prescription Register to identify dispensed AEDs. Incident AED users were identified with a one-year washout period 9-10 years before AD diagnosis, and incidence rates per 100 person-years were calculated for each six-month period from nine years before to five years after AD diagnosis. Prevalence was assessed as proportion using AEDs during each six-month time period for incident use. Results: Persons with AD were more likely to use AEDs during the study period (4.3%) than persons without AD (3.2%). The incidence and prevalence of AED use was higher among persons with AD and increased around the time of AD diagnosis. Epilepsy diagnoses did not explain these differences. Persons with AD were more likely to use older AEDs. Conclusion: Our study highlights the need to balance effective symptom control with the possible risks of treatment.
Effect of light and carbon dioxide on photosynthesis, chlorophyll fluorescence, and fruit yield in strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) plants
Authors: Choi Hyo Gil , Kang Nam Jun 
Published: September 2018

BACKGROUND: The use of two-floor bench bed systems to improve the strawberry productivity in Korea is increasing. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the effect of different combinations of light intensity and carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration on photosynthesis, chlorophyll fluorescence, and fruit yield in strawberry ( Fragaria × ananassa). METHODS: A two-floor bench bed system was used for light intensity treatments. CO2 fertilizer was supplied, from December 5 to January 30, when the concentration in a greenhouse fell below 700μmolmol–1, while the control received only ambient CO2. RESULTS: Strawberry plants that were grown under high light intensity in the upper bed had a higher photosynthesis rate than plants grown under low light intensity in the bottom bed; however, light intensity had a negligible effect on the stomatal conductance (Sc) and transpiration rate (Tr) of strawberry leaves. In contrast, CO2 fertilization lowered Sc and Tr values in strawberry leaves. Plants grown under low light intensity without CO2 fertilization had the highest chlorophyll fluorescence decrease ratio. Fruit yield was highest in plants grown under high light intensity, with CO2 fertilization having relatively little effect; however, CO2 fertilization stimulated the accumulation of anthocyanins. CONCLUSIONS: CO2 fertilization is effective in a two-floor bench bed system.
Privacy implications of room climate data
Authors: Armknecht Frederik , Benenson Zinaida , Morgner Philipp , Müller Christian , Riess Christian 
Published: September 2018

Smart heating applications promise to increase energy efficiency and comfort by collecting and processing room climate data. While it has been suspected that the sensed data may leak crucial personal information about the occupants, this belief has up until now not been supported by evidence. In this work, we investigate privacy risks arising from the collection of room climate measurements. We assume that an attacker has access to the most basic measurements only: temperature and relative humidity. We train machine learning classifiers to predict the presence and number of room occupants and to discriminate between different types of activities. On data that was collected at three different locations, we show that occupancy can be detected from data measured by a single sensor with up to [Formula: see text] accuracy. One can even distinguish between the cases that no, one, or two persons are present with up to [Formula: see text] accuracy. Moreover, the four actions reading, working on a PC, standing, and walking, can be discriminated with up to [Formula: see text] accuracy, which is likewise clearly better than guessing ([Formula: see text]). Constraining the set of actions allows to achieve even higher prediction rates. For example, we discriminate standing and walking occupants with [Formula: see text] accuracy. In addition, we show that the accuracy can be increased in most cases if an attacker has access to measurements from two different sensors located in the same room. Our results provide evidence that even the leakage of such ‘inconspicuous’ data as temperature and relative humidity can seriously violate privacy.
Recovery from apraxic deficits and its neural correlate
Authors: Kusch M. , Schmidt C.C. , Göden L. , Tscherpel C. , Stahl J. , Saliger J. , Karbe H. , Fink G.R. , Weiss P.H. 
Published: September 2018

Background and Objective: Apraxia is a deficit of motor cognition leading to difficulties in actual tool use, imitation of gestures, and pantomiming object use. To date, little data exist regarding the recovery from apraxic deficits after stroke, and no statistical lesion mapping study investigated the neural correlate of recovery from apraxia. Accordingly, we here examined recovery from apraxic deficits, differential associations of apraxia task (imitation vs. pantomime) and effector (bucco-facial vs. limb apraxia) with recovery, and the underlying neural correlates. Methods: We assessed apraxia in 39 patients with left hemisphere (LH) stroke both at admission and approximately 11 days later. Furthermore, we collected clinical imaging data to identify brain regions associated with recovery from apraxic deficits using voxel-based lesion-symptom mapping (VLSM). Results: Between the two assessments, a significant recovery from apraxic deficits was observed with a tendency of enhanced recovery of limb compared to bucco-facial apraxia. VLSM analyses revealed that within the lesion pattern initially associated with apraxia, lesions of the left insula were associated with remission of apraxic deficits, whereas lesions to the (inferior) parietal lobe (IPL; supramarginal and angular gyrus) and the superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF) were associated with persistent apraxic deficits. Conclusions: Data suggest that lesions affecting the core regions (and white matter) of the fronto-parietal praxis network cause more persistent apraxic deficits than lesions affecting other regions (here: the left insula) that also contribute to motor cognition and apraxic deficits.
Alterations in mitochondrial membrane potential in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in Parkinson’s Disease: Potential for a novel biomarker
Authors: Qadri Rizwana , Namdeo Manju , Behari Madhuri , Goyal Vinay , Sharma Subhadra , Mukhopadhyay Asok Kumar 
Published: September 2018

Background: Progressive apoptosis in the dopaminergic neurons of substantia nigra lead to Parkinson’s disease. Since neurons require substantially higher supply of energy, their mitochondria have a pivotal status in neuronal survival. These organelles have a key role to play in apoptosis and any impairment thereof may lead to apoptosis mediated cell death. Objectives: To evaluate and compare the mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψ) in Parkinson’s disease patients and healthy controls. Methods: We evaluated the mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψ) in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells by Flow cytometry using a lipophillic cationic dye JC-1 in Parkinson’s disease patients (N = 61) and healthy controls (N = 37). Results: JC-1 fluorescence was measured and represented as percentage positivity i.e., Mean±SEM in FL-2 (representing non-apoptotic aggregates) and FL-1 (indicating apoptotic cell population having depolarized or damaged mitochondria) channels. The ratio of % FL-2 and % FL-1, which is an indicator of cellular mitochondrial membrane potential, was found to be significantly higher in healthy controls (Mean±SEM = 60.48±18.42) as compared to patients (Mean±SEM = 24.30±4.671) in both stimulated and unstimulated conditions. Conclusions: Mitochondrial membrane potential is altered and hence its evaluation in peripheral blood mononuclear cells may serve as an early marker of apoptosis in PD and, therefore, may pave way for early interventions. Since Δψ has a role in the maintenance of electrochemical gradient, the disruption of which may lead to neuronal apoptosis, Δψ is intricately nested within etiopathogenesis of PD and may prove to be useful in design of diagnostics, prognostics and therapeutics for PD.
Pneumotoraks dan pneumomediastinum sebagai komplikasi trakeostomi darurat
Authors: Cahyono Arie 
Published: September 2018

Background: Tracheostomy is a surgical procedure making an opening into the trachea to provide anairway passage. It can cause complications such as subcutaneous emphysema, pneumothorax andpneumomediastinum. Purpose: To remind ENT specialists and general practitioners about the risk ofpneumothorax and pneumomediastinum in tracheostomy procedure and its management. Case: Wereported one case of 62 years old man who had grade 3 airway obstruction and had to be tracheostomizedand got subcutaneous emphysema, pneumothorax and pneumomediastinum as complications. Case management: Water sealed drainage (WSD) was inserted and he also underwent chest physiotherapy.Conclusion: Tracheostomy which was done in emergency can increase the risk of pneumothorax andpneumomedistinum complications, and could be avoided if the patient had come sooner. The insertion ofWSD combined with chest physiotherapy were the treatment of choice for patient with massive pneumothraxand pneumomediastinum after tracheostomy.Key words : tracheostomy, emphysema, pneumothorax, pneumomediastinum. Abstrak : Latar belakang: Trakeostomi adalah tindakan bedah membuat lubang di trakea untuk membebaskan jalan napas. Tindakan ini dapat menyebabkan komplikasi berupa emfisema subkutis, pneumotoraks danpneumomediastinum. Risiko komplikasi meningkat pada trakeostomi darurat. Tujuan: Kasus ini diajukanuntuk membahas pneumotoraks dan pneumomediastinum sebagai komplikasi trakeostomi sehingga dokterumum dan dokter spesialis THT dapat meningkatkan kewaspadaannya. Kasus: Dilaporkan satu kasuslaki-laki 62 tahun yang menderita sumbatan jalan napas grade 3 sehingga perlu tindakan trakeostomidarurat Pasca tindakan terjadi emfisema subkutis disertai pneumotoraks luas dan pneumomediastinum.Penatalaksanaan: Dilakukan pemasangan water sealed drainage (WSD) dan dikombinasikan denganfisioterapi dada. Kesimpulan: Trakeostomi yang dilakukan darurat dapat meningkatkan risiko tejadinyapneumotoraks dan pneumomediastinum, yang dapat dihindari jika pasien lebih cepat didiagnosis.Pemasangan WSDdengan fisioterapi dada merupakan terapi pilihan pada pasien pneumotoraks luas danpneumomediastinum pasca trakeostomi. Kata kunci: trakeostomi, emfisema, pneumotoraks,pneumomediastinum.
Kajian terhadap hasil terapi karsinoma nasofaring berdasarkan EBNA1 dan EBNA2
Authors: Hariwiyanto Bambang , Sastrowiyoto Soenarto , Mubarika Sofia , Masesadji Salugu 
Published: September 2018

Background: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is one of the most common among head and neck malignancies, especially in some Asian countries. Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) is one of the agent causing NPC, expressing many proteins such as Epstein-Barr nucleus antigen (EBNA). Expression of EBNA theoretically influencing therapy KNF outcome. Purpose: To differentiate therapy result between NPC expressed positive EBNA1 and EBNA2 compared with NPC expressed negative EBNA1 and EBNA2. Method: Nested case control study toward 28 complete remission NPC patients and 28 partial remission NPC patients post treatment. Result: There was no significant difference in therapy outcome between NPC with EBNA1 expression =4.90 compared to EBNA1 <4.90 (p: 0.160; OR: 0.222) and there was a significant difference therapy outcome between NPC with expression of EBNA2 =1.30 compared to EBNA2 <1.30 (p: 0.029; OR: 0.289). Conclusion: EBNA2 expression is one of protective agents in NPC post treatment outcome. Keywords: NPC, EBNA1, EBNA2, protective factor Abstrak : Latar belakang: Karsinoma nasofaring (KNF) merupakan salah satu keganasan yang di beberapa negara benua Asia merupakan keganasan paling banyak didapatkan di antara keganasan di kepala leher. Keterlibatan infeksi virus Epstein-Barr (EBV) merupakan salah satu faktor penyebab terjadinya KNF. Infeksi EBV mengekspresikan beberapa protein antara lain Epstein-Barr nucleus antigen (EBNA) yang secara teori mempengaruhi onkogenesis termasuk hasil terapi KNF. Tujuan:Menentukan adanya perbedaan hasil terapi antara KNF yang mengekspresikan EBNA1 serta EBNA2 dengan KNF yang tidak mengekspresikan EBNA1 serta EBNA2. Metode: Nested case-controlterhadap 28 penderita KNF yang mengalami remisi sempurna dan yang mengalami remisi parsial pascaterapi KNF. Hasil: Tidak terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna antara hasil terapi KNF yang mengekspresikan EBNA1 =490 dengan KNF yang mengekspresikan <4,90 (p: 0,160; OR: 0,222), dan terjadi perbedaan bermakna antara hasil terapi KNF yang mengekspresikan EBNA2 =1,30 dengan KNF yang mengekspresikan EBNA2 <1,30 (p: 0,029; OR: 0,289). Kesimpulan: Ekspresi EBNA2 merupakan salah satu faktor protektif terhadap keberhasilan terapi KNF. Kata kunci: KNF, EBNA1, EBNA2, faktor protektif