bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of active case finding for tuberculosis with mass chest X-ray screening in Glasgow, Scotland, 1950–1963: An epidemiological analysis of historical data
Authors: MacPherson Peter , Stagg Helen R. , Schwalb Alvaro , Henderson Hazel , Taylor Alice E. , Burke Rachael M. , Rickman Hannah M. , Miller Cecily , Houben Rein M. G. J. , Dodd Peter J. , Corbett Elizabeth L. 
Published: November 2024

Background
Community active case finding (ACF) for tuberculosis was widely implemented in Europe and North America between 1940 and 1970, when incidence was comparable to many present-day high-burden countries. Using an interrupted time series analysis, we analysed the effect of the 1957 Glasgow mass chest X-ray campaign to inform contemporary approaches to screening.

Methods and findings
Case notifications for 1950 to 1963 were extracted from public health records and linked to demographic data. We fitted Bayesian multilevel regression models to estimate annual relative case notification rates (CNRs) during and after a mass screening intervention implemented over 5 weeks in 1957 compared to the counterfactual scenario where the intervention had not occurred. We additionally estimated case detection ratios and incidence. From 11 March 1957 to 12 April 1957, 714,915 people (622,349 of 819,301 [76.0%] resident adults ≥15 years) were screened with miniature chest X-ray; 2,369 (0.4%) were diagnosed with tuberculosis. Pre-intervention (1950 to 1956), pulmonary CNRs were declining at 2.3% per year from a CNR of 222/100,000 in 1950. With the intervention in 1957, there was a doubling in the pulmonary CNR (RR: 1.95, 95% uncertainty interval [UI] [1.81, 2.11]) and 35% decline in the year after (RR: 0.65, 95% UI [0.59, 0.71]). Post-intervention (1958 to 1963) annual rates of decline (5.4% per year) were greater (RR: 0.77, 95% UI [0.69, 0.85]), and there were an estimated 4,599 (95% UI [3,641, 5,683]) pulmonary case notifications averted due to the intervention. Effects were consistent across all city wards and notifications declined in young children (0 to 5 years) with the intervention. Limitations include the lack of data in historical reports on microbiological testing for tuberculosis, and uncertainty in contributory effects of other contemporaneous interventions including slum clearances, introduction of BCG vaccination programmes, and the ending of postwar food rationing.

Conclusions
A single, rapid round of mass screening with chest X-ray (probably the largest ever conducted) likely resulted in a major and sustained reduction in tuberculosis case notifications. Synthesis of evidence from other historical tuberculosis screening programmes is needed to confirm findings from Glasgow and to provide insights into ongoing efforts to successfully implement ACF interventions in today’s high tuberculosis burden countries and with new screening tools and technologies.
Simplification of a registry-based algorithm for ejection fraction prediction in heart failure patients: Applicability in cardiology centres of the Netherlands
Authors: Canto Elisa Dal , Uijl Alicia , Onland-Moret N. Charlotte , Bots Sophie H. , Hofstra Leonard , Tulevski Igor , Asselbergs Folkert W. , van der Harst Pim , Somsen G. Aernout , den Ruijter Hester M. 
Published: November 2024

Background
Left ventricular ejection fraction (EF) is used to categorize heart failure (HF) into phenotypes but this information is often missing in electronic health records or non-HF registries.

Methods
We tested the applicability of a simplified version of a multivariable algorithm, that was developed on data of the Swedish Heart Failure Registry to predict EF in patients with HF. We used data from 4,868 patients with HF from the Cardiology Centers of the Netherlands database, an organization of 13 cardiac outpatient clinics that operate between the general practitioner and the hospital cardiologist. The algorithm included 17 demographical and clinical variables. We tested model discrimination, model performance and calculated model sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values for EF ≥ vs. <50% and EF ≥ vs. <40%. We additionally performed a multivariable multinomial analysis for all three separate HF phenotypes (with reduced, mildly reduced and preserved EF) HFrEF vs. HFmrEF vs. HFpEF. Finally, we internally validated the model by using temporal validation.

Results
Mean age was 66 ±12 years, 44% of patients were women, 68% had HFpEF, 17% had HFrEF, and 15% had HFmrEF. The C-statistic was of 0.71 for EF ≥/< 50% (95% CI: 0.69–0.72) and of 0.74 (95% CI: 0.73–0.75) for EF ≥/< 40%. The model had the highest sensitivities for EF ≥50% (0.72, 95% CI: 0.63–0.75) and for EF ≥40% (0.70, 95% CI: 0.65–0.71). Similar results were achieved by the multinomial model, but the C-statistics for predicting HFpEF vs HFrEF was lower (0.61, 95% CI 0.58–0.63). The internal validation confirmed good discriminative ability.

Conclusions
A simple algorithm based on routine clinical characteristics can help discern HF phenotypes in non-cardiology datasets and research settings such as research on primary care data, where measurements of EF is often not available.
Yield comparison of different green fodder crops mixtures
Authors: HOFFMANN Richárd , DÉR Ferenc , FÁBIÁN Tamás 
Published: November 2024

In Hungary there is a new opportunity to use mixtures of green fodder crops for ruminant nutrition. Joining the EU there is a subsidy for cattle breeders who prefer the extensive way of breeding. The objective of this paper is to determine which plant species and varieties could be used in the green fodder feeding system. The small plot trials with spring barley, oat, pea and vetch were performed in four repetitions. We used the following mixtures of temporary certified seeds: oat & pea, oat & vetch, barley & pea, barley & vetch, sunflower & pea. Immediately after the harvest yields of fodder from plots were weighted and the samples were analysed for dry matter, crude protein and crude fibre. The yields of green fodder, dry matter and crude protein were calculated in tons per hectare. In 2002 the green fodder yield was highest with Bakonyalja (oat) and Eszter (vetch) mixtures (45.95 t ha–1), but the highest crude protein yield was given by Annabell (barley) mixed with Rubin (pea) (1040 kg ha–1). In 2003 yield of Annabell and Rubin mixtures was higher than yield of Bakonyalja mixed with Rubin (e.g. crude protein yield 513; 403).
Fungal infection and occurence of zearalenone in barley harvested in 2003 in Serbia
Authors: ŠKRINJAR Marija , KOCIĆ-TANACKOV Sunčica 
Published: November 2024

Mycological investigation in 11 winter barley samples was performed. All of barley samples were infected with moulds. The ratio of infected kernels varied from 11.7% (sample SSK8) to 13.0% (sample SSK9) after 14 days of incubation. The fungi were isolated from kernels and they were classified into 6 genera and 11 species. Genus Fusarium was presented with the highest number of species (5). F.poae, a toxigenic species of the genus Fusarium, was present in all samples tested. The highest ratio (about 66%) of all mycopopulations belonged to genus Alternaria spp. All barley samples contained zearalenone, but the concentration was low (from 5.2 to 52.0 mg kg–1).
On the role of embeddability in conformal pseudo-hermitian geometry
Authors: Malchiodi Andrea 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In this article, we review some recent results about the role of embeddability in conformal CR (Cauchy-Riemann) geometry. We will show how this condition enters in the second variation of the pseudo-hermitian counterpart of the Einstein-Hilbert action, in the positivity of the pseudohermitian mass and in the extremality properties of the CR (Cauchy-Riemann) Yamabe quotient. Given also some explicit examples at hand, this aspect shows sharp differences compared to the Riemannian case.
Augmenting the grad-div stabilization for Taylor–Hood finite elements with a vorticity stabilization
Authors: John Volker , Merdon Christian , Zainelabdeen Marwa 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The least squares vorticity stabilization (LSVS), proposed in N. Ahmed, G. R. Barrenechea, E. Burman, J. Guzmán, A. Linke, and C. Merdon (“A pressure-robust discretization of Oseen’s equation using stabilization in the vorticity equation,” SIAM J. Numer. Anal., vol. 59, no. 5, pp. 2746–2774, 2021) for the Scott–Vogelius finite element discretization of the Oseen equations, is studied as an augmentation of the popular grad-div stabilized Taylor–Hood pair of spaces. An error analysis is presented which exploits the situation that the velocity spaces of Scott–Vogelius and Taylor–Hood are identical. Convection-robust error bounds are derived under the assumption that the Scott–Vogelius discretization is well posed on the considered grid. Numerical studies support the analytic results and they show that the LSVS-grad-div method might lead to notable error reductions compared with the standard grad-div method.
Effect of boron content and quenching temperature on the microstructure and wear resistance of high boron steel
Authors: Wang Han , Fu Hanguang 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This article investigates the change rule of the microstructure, hardness and wear resistance of high boron steel containing 0.1 wt.% to 0.5 wt.% boron in the cast state and after quenching at different temperatures. The results show that the microstructure of cast high boron steel with different contents of boron is composed of pearlite, ferrite and eutectic boride, which has lower hardness and wear resistance, and the higher the content of boron, the higher the hardness and the better the wear resistance. After quenching at 900–1,000 °C, pearlite and ferrite change into a large number of lamellar martensite and a small amount of lath martensite. After high-temperature quenching at 1,050 °C, retained austenite appears in the microstructure in addition to martensite, and borides are partially dissolved. The hardness and wear resistance are significantly improved compared to the as-cast high boron steel. As the quenching temperature increases, the dissolution of boride is obvious, the hardness and wear resistance are firstly increased and then decreased. When the content of boron is 0.5 wt.% and the quenching temperature is 1,000 °C, the hardness reaches a maximum value of 59.0 HRC, and the abrasion resistance is the best.
Impact of lattice designs and production parameters on mechanical properties of AlSi10Mg in laser powder bed fusion
Authors: Turkoglu Turker 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This study investigates the impact of lattice designs and production parameters on the mechanical properties of AlSi10Mg fabricated using Laser Powder Bed Fusion (L-PBF). The research explores the production and performance of gyroid, diamond, and lidinoid lattice structures under varying scanning speeds (600, 900, 1,200 mm s−1). Key findings indicate that scanning speed significantly influences mechanical properties and energy absorption capabilities. The gyroid lattice structure produced at 600 mm s−1 exhibited the highest compressive strength (76.51 MPa) and energy absorption (28.57 MJ m−3). SEM-EDS analysis revealed no substantial structural defects, while porosity and microstructural deformations were observed at higher scanning speeds. Finite element simulations demonstrated localized buckling and fissure formation in lattice structures under compressive loads. The study highlights the critical role of production parameters in optimizing the mechanical performance of L-PBF-manufactured AlSi10Mg, offering insights into achieving cost and time efficiencies in additive manufacturing processes. This comprehensive analysis contributes to advancing the application of L-PBF in producing complex, high-performance aluminum alloy components for industrial use.
Franz Rosenzweig’s and Paul Celan’s Early German Translations of Yehudah Halevi’s Hebrew Poems
Authors: Dal Bo Federico 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
My paper examines Franz Rosenzweig’s and Paul Celan’s translations of Yehudah Halevi’s poems, approaching the topic from the perspectives of both translation studies and literary criticism. On the one hand, I will scrutinize Rosenzweig’s and Celan’s translations against the backdrop of their theological approaches. I will also attempt to articulate the translation technique that Celan typically employed throughout his life, while translating from multiple languages into German. On the other hand, I will explore Celan’s implicit departure from Rosenzweig and his choice to specifically translate these two poems in light of his poetics, his notion of exile, and his exclusive choice of using German as his only poetic language.
Extent of peritoneal metastases from colorectal cancer is not associated with changes in thrombin generation or fibrinolysis
Authors: Lundbech Mikkel , Krag Andreas Engel , Iversen Lene Hjerrild , Brandsborg Birgitte , Hvas Anne-Mette 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Cancer cells can activate coagulation and inhibit fibrinolysis. The aim was to investigate the association between the burden of peritoneal metastases from colorectal cancer (PM-CRC) and biomarkers reflecting thrombin generation and fibrinolysis.

Methods
A cohort of 55 patients with PM-CRC scheduled for cytoreductive surgery. Patients were grouped by the peritoneal cancer index (PCI) assessed intraoperatively into limited PM-CRC (PCI≤15) and extensive PM-CRC (PCI>15). Blood samples were obtained before surgery. Thrombin generation was measured in vivo by thrombin-antithrombin complex (TAT) and prothrombin fragment 1+2 (F1+2), and ex vivo by the endogenous thrombin potential (ETP). Fibrinolysis was analyzed with fibrin clot lysis assay, fibrinogen, and D-dimer.

Results
Non-significantly decreased thrombin generation by F1+2 (p=0.72), TAT (p=0.32), and ETP (p=0.19) were observed in patients with extensive PM-CRC (n=9) compared with limited PM-CRC (n=46). Non-significantly prolonged 50 % clot lysis time were found in patients with extensive PM-CRC than in patients with limited PM-CRC.

Conclusions
Minor non-significant differences in thrombin generation and fibrinolysis were found between patients with extensive PM-CRC and limited PM-CRC. Thus, increased peritoneal metastatic burden from colorectal cancer does not seem to affect thrombin generation and fibrinolysis.
Kein Vergleich! Zur „kritischen Betrachtung des Model of Ability-Tracking (MoAbiT)“ von Lorenz, Lenz und Rjosk (2023) in der Zeitschrift für Soziologie.
Authors: Esser Hartmut 
Published: November 2024

Zusammenfassung
Der Beitrag beantwortet die Kritik von Lorenz, Lenz und Rjosk (2023) am „Model of Ability-Tracking“ (MoAbiT) und den empirischen Analysen bei Esser und Seuring (2020). Es sind zwei Punkte: Die Vergleichbarkeit der verwendeten Datensätze und die Kritik des theoretischen Modells. Die für eine Replikation nötige Vergleichbarkeit der jeweils verwendeten Datensätze, NEPS gegenüber IQB, ist danach in einem für das Ziel der Reproduzierbarkeit ausreichendem Maße nicht gegeben, so dass sich Befunde, welcher Art auch immer, für die Haltbarkeit des Modells nicht bewerten lassen. Die Einwände gegen das Modell beziehen sich im Kern auf zwei Aspekte: Die Ausblendung der Effekte von peer-Interaktionen und die Vernachlässigung verschiedener stratifizierender Prozesse der Differenzierung schon im Ansatz, speziell der Schereneffekte und der primären Effekte bei der kognitiven Entwicklung. Es wird gezeigt, dass das unzutreffend ist. Gleichwohl hat die Replik eine Reihe von Aspekten angesprochen und klären helfen, an die vorher in der Tat nicht gedacht worden war, wie die Möglichkeit sog. Kollateral-Stratifikationen und die in dieser Weise bisher nicht untersuchte Frage, ob nicht gerade die frühe Trennung der Bildungswege eine Voraussetzung für die positiven Effekte der Differenzierung sind. Übergreifend ist der Beitrag ein Beispiel für die Fruchtbarkeit von Repliken und Replikationen, auch wenn sie in bestimmten Einzelpunkten ungeeignet oder unzutreffend sind.
Hamstring-to-Quadriceps Strength Ratios in Women Team Sport Athletes: A Systematic Review
Authors: Korpinen Marika M. , Trieschock Devon , Fields Jennifer B. , Jagim Andrew R. , Almonroeder Thomas G. , Jones Margaret T. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT
Women experience a higher rate of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries than men. Muscle imbalance, in particular hamstring-to-quadriceps (H:Q) strength ratio, is considered a risk factor for ACL injury. The purpose of this systematic review was to identify isokinetic H:Q strength ratios in women team sport athletes and determine whether cutoff values, determined from research with predominantly males, of >0.6 for conventional ratio (Hamstringconcentric:Quadricepsconcentric [CR]) and >1.0 for functional ratio (Hamstringeccentric:Quadricepsconcentric [FR]) were met. The CR (0.6) was not met for team ([mean ± SD: 0.56 ± 0.08]), field (0.57 ± 0.08), and court (0.56 ± 0.08) sports. Handball presented the highest (0.58 ± 0.07), and softball presented the lowest CRs (0.47 ± 0.06). The FR (1.0) was not met for team (0.69 ± 0.14), field (0.85 ± 0.14), and court (0.65 ± 0.14) sports. Soccer presented the highest (0.85 ± 0.14) and handball the lowest (0.66 ± 0.13) FRs. When assessing hamstring and quadriceps strength balance, women team sport athletes did not meet CR or FR values, which may contribute to increased ACL injury risk. H:Q ratios below cutoff values may indicate compromised hamstring strength. It is recommended practitioners implement strength exercises aimed to improve H:Q ratios.
Establishing fire protection patterns in wood using impregnation compositions from inorganic salts
Authors: Tsapko Yuriy , Tsapko Aleksii , Zhartovskyi Sergii , Likhnyovskyi Ruslan , Kravchenko Maryna , Lialina Natalia , Berezovskyi Yurii , Kaveryn Kostiantyn , Sarapin Yuriy 
Published: November 2024

An issue related to using inorganic salts for fire protection of wood is to ensure their flame-inhibiting ability and compatibility with wood and application technology. That is why the object of research was to establish the effectiveness of inhibitory properties of mixtures of inorganic salts during interaction with the flame and enabling interplay with wood. A synergistic increase in the inhibitory capacity of mixtures of aqueous solutions of salts of diammonium phosphate and ammonium sulfate at a ratio of 2:1, and for a mixture based on orthophosphoric acid, urea, and oxyethylidenediphosphonic acid in the concentration range of 20–25 % by mass, has been proven. During the interaction of the specified mixtures with the wood surface, it was found that after application to the wood surface, the dispersed component of the free energy of the wood surface decreased to zero; instead, the polar component increased 13 times, which indicates a change in the wood surface. During the tests of wood samples on the effect of the burner flame, it was found that the untreated sample ignited on second 53, and the flame spread throughout the sample for 102 s. On the other hand, the samples treated with a mixture of an aqueous solution of phosphate and ammonium sulfate, as well as a mixture of aqueous solutions based on orthophosphoric acid and urea and oxyethylidenediphosphonic acid, did not catch fire, the flame did not spread over the surface, and the flammability index was 0. The practical significance is that the results were taken into account when designing flame retardant compositions for wood. Thus, there are reasons to assert the possibility of targeted regulation of wood protection processes through the use of mixtures of inorganic salts capable of forming a protective layer on the surface of the material that inhibits the burning of wood
The Importance of the Skin Syndrome in the Primary Diagnosis of Connective Tissue Diseases in Children: Case Report
Authors: Zatolokina Anastasia O. , Belousova Tamara V. , Loskutova Svetlana A. , Blagitko Nataliya E. 
Published: November 2024

Background. Timely verification of the clinical diagnosis of connective tissue diseases in children based on the onset of the earliest symptoms, including skin manifestations, and timely initiation of treatment can prevent the development of irreversible complications, increase the life expectancy of patients and its quality.The aim of the study. To analyze the nature of skin manifestations as a marker of the onset connective tissue disorders, such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), localized scleroderma (morphea), juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM), juvenile polyarteritis nodosa (PAN), systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (SJIA), and the timing of the main clinical diagnosis from the moment of manifestation of connective tissue disorders. To clearly demonstrate the importance of skin syndrome in the timeliness of clinical diagnosis, a clinical case is presented.Methods. Analysis of medical records and prospective observation of 47 patients aged up to 17 years 11 months with an established diagnosis of connective tissue diseases and the presence of skin syndrome at the onset of the disease.Results. Among patients with SLE, only 20.0% of children had skin syndrome only in the form of butterfly rash, and other skin manifestations were noted in 80.0% of patients. The period from the onset of skin syndrome to diagnosis was 8.0 ± 2.1 months. In 57.2% of patients with morphea, skin syndrome was detected exclusively in the form of single or multiple elements, and in 42.8% there was a combination of a pathognomonic morphological element with alopecia and scleroderma. The average time to make a clinical diagnosis of morphea from the onset of the skin syndrome was 11.0 ± 1.9 months. In all patients with JDM, skin manifestations were characterized by polymorphism (papules and Gottron’s sign, heliotrope rash, palmar capillaritis, livedo reticularis, cheilitis). The diagnosis was made 14.0 ± 3.2 months from the onset of skin syndrome. In patients with documented PAN, skin manifestations debuted in the form of erythema, areas of necrosis, palmar capillaritis, livedo reticularis, and cheilitis. The period from the onset of skin syndrome to clinical diagnosis was 6.0 ± 2.4 months. Among patients with SJIA, skin syndrome was represented by a maculopapular rash associated with fever and its regression when body temperature normalized. The period until clinical diagnosis was made from the onset of the skin syndrome was 2.0 ± 1.1 months.Conclusion. In most cases, the skin syndrome in patients at the onset of the disease was characterized by polymorphism and diversity of elements with the involvement of the vascular component. At the same time, the time from the debut of connective tissue disease in the form of the appearance of skin syndrome to the clinical diagnosis varied in the range from 2 to 14 months.