bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fibrous Network of C@MoS2 Nanocapsule‐Decorated Cotton Linters Interconnected by Bacterial Cellulose for Lithium‐ and Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Zhou Huimin , Lv Pengfei , Lu Xiaomin , Hou Xuebin , Zhao Min , Huang Jieyu , Xia Xin , Wei Qufu 
Published: October 2019

AbstractTo protect the structure of MoS2 from collapse, a strong skeleton is expected to help maintain the integrity. In this study, cotton linters burdened with hollow C@MoS2 nanocapsules are added into nutrient medium for the growth of a bacterial cellulose membrane. Benefitting from good conductivity and structural integrity, the resultant fibrous membrane anode gives reversible capacities of 559 and 155 mAh g−1 for Li‐ion batteries and Na‐ion batteries after 100 cycles, respectively. The structural transformation and component evolution in lithiation–delithiation and sodiation–desodiation was elucidated by in situ Raman spectroscopy. After sodiation, the Na2S did not transform back into MoS2 but was more likely converted into elemental sulfur during the conversion reaction. Layered semiconducting transition metal chalcogenides, such as molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), feature open 2 D ion‐transport channels amenable to receive various guest ions with high theoretical capacities.[2] One serious challenge curtailing the applicability of such materials is their volume changes during discharge–charge processes.[3, 4] However, particular morphologies of MoS2 are proposed to improve the specific capacity.[5,6,7] Many works have focused on core–shell and hollow MoS2 micro‐ and nanostructures, and the results validate the advantages of shortening the lithium‐ion diffusion distance and enhancing specific capacity.[8,9] Unfortunately, the issue of inferior capacity stability is not resolved, because the structure is not effectively protected and is prone to collapse.
Type I interferons are important co‐stimulatory signals during T cell receptor mediated human MAIT cell activation
Authors: Lamichhane Rajesh , Galvin Henry , Hannaway Rachel F , de la Harpe Sara M , Munro Fran , Tyndall Joel DA , Vernall Andrea J , McCall John L , Husain Matloob , Ussher James E 
Published: October 2019

AbstractMucosal associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are abundant unconventional T cells that can be stimulated either via their TCR or by innate cytokines. The MAIT cell TCR recognises a pyrimidine ligand, derived from riboflavin synthesising bacteria, bound to MR1. In infection, bacteria not only provide the pyrimidine ligand but also co‐stimulatory signals, such as TLR agonists, that can modulate TCR‐mediated activation. Recently, type I interferons (T1‐IFNs) have been identified as contributing to cytokine‐mediated MAIT cell activation. However, it is unknown whether T1‐IFNs also have a role during TCR‐mediated MAIT cell activation. In this study, we investigated the co‐stimulatory role of T1‐IFNs during TCR‐mediated activation of MAIT cells by the MR1 ligand 5‐amino‐6‐d‐ribitylaminouracil/methylglyoxal. We found that T1‐IFNs were able to boost interferon‐γ and granzyme B production in 5‐amino‐6‐d‐ribitylaminouracil/methylglyoxal‐stimulated MAIT cells. Similarly, influenza virus‐induced T1‐IFNs enhanced TCR‐mediated MAIT cell activation. An essential role of T1‐IFNs in regulating MAIT cell activation by riboflavin synthesising bacteria was also demonstrated. The co‐stimulatory role of T1‐IFNs was also evident in liver‐derived MAIT cells. T1‐IFNs acted directly on MAIT cells to enhance their response to TCR stimulation. Overall, our findings establish an important immunomodulatory role of T1‐IFNs during TCR‐mediated MAIT cell activation.
Predicting battery life with early cyclic data by machine learning
Authors: Zhu Shan , Zhao Naiqin , Sha Junwei 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis work applies machine learning tools to achieve the early prediction of commercial battery life. We compared the prediction accuracy of different machine learning algorithms to the battery database. Among various algorithms, the decision tree (DT) method exhibits the highest accuracy of 95.2% to predict whether the battery can maintain above 80% initial capacity after 550 cycles. Using the initial two cycles of data, DT proposes that the change of discharge capacity is the main feature to estimate the lifetime type of batteries. Given the first 100 cycles, the factor with the maximum weight turns to the internal resistance for estimating the battery lifetime.
Importance of Surface Coating to Accumulation Dynamics and Acute Toxicity of Copper Nanomaterials and Dissolved Copper in Daphnia magna
Authors: Gajda-Meissner Zuzanna , Matyja Konrad , Brown David M. , Hartl Mark G.J. , Fernandes Teresa F. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
We evaluated the effect of copper oxide nanomaterials (CuO NMs), uncoated and with 3 different surface coatings (carboxylated, pegylated, and ammonia groups), on acute toxicity and accumulation dynamics in Daphnia magna. With the use of biodynamic modelling, biosorption and elimination rate constants were determined for D. magna following waterborne exposure to dissolved Cu and CuO NMs. The relationship between modeled parameters and acute toxicity endpoints was evaluated to investigate whether accumulation dynamics parameters could be used as a predictor of acute toxicity. The Langmuir equation was used to characterize the biosorption dynamics of Cu NMs and Cu chloride, used as dissolved Cu control. Uptake rates showed the following NM rankings: pristine-CuO &gt; NH3-CuO &gt; aqueous Cu &gt; polyethylene glycol (PEG)-CuO &gt; COOH-CuO. To determine Cu elimination by D. magna, a one-compartment model was used. Different elimination rate constants were estimated for each chemical substance tested. Those that were easily biosorbed were also easily removed from organisms. Biosorption and depuration properties of NMs were correlated with zeta potential values and diameters of NM agglomerates in the suspensions. No link was found between biosorption and toxicity. Waterborne exposures to more difficult-to-biosorb CuO NMs were more likely to induce adverse effects than those that biosorbed easily. It is proposed that some physicochemical properties of NMs in media, including zeta potential and agglomerate diameter, can lead to higher biosorption but do not necessarily affect toxicity. The mode of interaction of the NMs with the organism seems to be complex and to depend on chemical speciation and physicochemical properties of the NMs inside an organism. Moreover, our findings highlight that coating type affects the biosorption dynamics, depuration kinetics, and dissolution rate of NMs in media. Environ Toxicol Chem 2020;39:287–299. © 2019 SETAC
Abstract
We evaluated the effect of copper oxide nanomaterials (CuO NMs), uncoated and with 3 different surface coatings (carboxylated, pegylated, and ammonia groups), on acute toxicity and accumulation dynamics in Daphnia magna. Our findings highlight that coating type affects the biosorption dynamics, depuration kinetics, and dissolution rate of NMs in media No link was found between biosorption and toxicity.
Return dynamics during periods of high speculation in a thinly traded commodity market
Authors: Bohl Martin T. , Stefan Martin 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis article studies the effects of speculation in a thinly traded commodity futures market, paying particular attention to periods characterized by high‐speculative activity of long–short speculators. Using the speculation ratio as a daily measure for long–short speculation, we employ generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity regressions to study its impact on return dynamics. Our results for the Chicago Mercantile Exchange feeder cattle futures market suggest that futures returns are predominantly explained by fundamentals, but their volatility is significantly driven by the speculation ratio. This relationship holds for periods of high‐ and low‐speculative activity alike.
Building the bodily self‐awareness: Evidence for the convergence between interoceptive and exteroceptive information in a multilevel kernel density analysis study
Authors: Salvato Gerardo , Richter Fabian , Sedeño Lucas , Bottini Gabriella , Paulesu Eraldo 
Published: October 2019

AbstractExteroceptive and interoceptive signals shape and sustain the bodily self‐awareness. The existence of a set of brain areas, supporting the integration of information coming from the inside and the outside of the body in building the sense of bodily self‐awareness has been postulated, yet the evidence remains limited, a matter of discussion never assessed quantitatively. With the aim of unrevealing where in the brain interoceptive and exteroceptive signals may converge, we performed a meta‐analysis on imaging studies of the sense of body ownership, modulated by external visuotactile stimulation, and studies on interoception, which involves the self‐awareness for internal bodily sensations. Using a multilevel kernel density analysis, we found that processing of stimuli of the two domains converges primarily in the supramarginal gyrus bilaterally. Furthermore, we found a right‐lateralized set of areas, including the precentral and postcentral, and superior temporal gyri. We discuss these results and propose this set of areas as ideal candidates to match multiple body‐related signals contributing to the creation of a multidimensional representation of the bodily self.
Mapping language with resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging: A study on the functional profile of the language network
Authors: Branco Paulo , Seixas Daniela , Castro São L. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractResting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI) is a promising technique for language mapping that does not require task‐execution. This can be an advantage when language mapping is limited by poor task performance, as is common in clinical settings. Previous studies have shown that language maps extracted with rsfMRI spatially match their task‐based homologs, but no study has yet demonstrated the direct participation of the rsfMRI language network in language processes. This demonstration is critically important because spatial similarity can be influenced by the overlap of domain‐general regions that are recruited during task‐execution. Furthermore, it is unclear which processes are captured by the language network: does it map rather low‐level or high‐level (e.g., syntactic and lexico‐semantic) language processes? We first identified the rsfMRI language network and then investigated task‐based responses within its regions when processing stimuli of increasing linguistic content: symbols, pseudowords, words, pseudosentences and sentences. The language network responded only to language stimuli (not to symbols), and higher linguistic content elicited larger brain responses. The left fronto‐parietal, the default mode, and the dorsal attention networks were examined and yet none showed language involvement. These findings demonstrate for the first time that the language network extracted through rsfMRI is able to map language in the brain, including regions subtending higher‐level syntactic and semantic processes.
Does acknowledgement matter? An exploratory study of the value of a Healthy Workplace Recognition Scheme
Authors: Lewis Virginia , Marsh Geraldine , Macmillan Jenny , Mullins Robyn 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIssues addressedStrategies motivating employers and high‐level management to provide workplace‐based health and well‐being programs are needed. Recognition Schemes, acknowledging organisations for providing a healthy workplace, may help to motivate them.MethodsSemi‐structured telephone interviews with representatives of 35 workplaces that had achieved Awards in the Recognition Scheme of a state government Healthy Workplace program.ResultsInterviewees were mainly interested in having the work they were already doing recognised by staff and management internally. For some, external recognition was also important. Many were disappointed with the form the recognition took, feeling it did not have the gravitas it needed to be useful. Despite this, most Bronze and Silver Award winners indicated they would reapply in future, though some Gold recipients were not convinced the rigorous process was worthwhile.ConclusionsRecognition schemes may encourage organisations to offer or improve Healthy Workplace programs. This project demonstrated that the form the recognition takes and the way it is awarded is important to recipients, and that the scheme must be well promoted externally if it is to achieve its potential benefits.So what?Effective workplace health and well‐being programs require commitment from high‐level management including providing adequate time and resources. Recognition schemes may lead to greater effort and investment by workplaces, but the Schemes must be well promoted and highly visible for participating workplaces to feel the effort that goes into applying for recognition is worthwhile. If recognition is not valued within and outside organisations, the potential benefits will not be realised.
Use of an antiemetic to shorten the length of labor in nulliparous women, exploring a potential role of an old drug: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Ellaithy Mohamed , Rasheed Suriaya , Shafik Adel , Abees Sara 
Published: October 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo assess whether metoclopramide is effective in shortening the duration of the first stage of labor in primiparous women.MethodsThe present randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial was conducted at King Faisal Hospital, Saudi Arabia (between July 30, 2013, and September 1, 2016), and sequentially recruited young nulliparous women admitted in spontaneous active labor with or without ruptured membranes. Eligible participants were randomly assigned to receive a slow intravenous injection of either metoclopramide or placebo and consistently managed according to the local institutional intrapartum protocol and received identical monitoring and supportive care. The primary outcome was the cervical dilatation rate.ResultsFifty‐nine women were included in the metoclopramide group and 52 in the placebo group. The first stage of labor was significantly shorter in the metoclopramide group (203 minutes vs 230 minutes in the placebo group, P=0.019), with a faster cervical dilatation rate (2.4 ± 0.4 cm/h vs 1.9 ± 0.5 cm/h in the placebo group, P<0.001) and shorter interval from treatment administration until full cervical dilatation. There was a significantly higher probability of faster delivery among women who were treated with metoclopramide (log‐rank test, χ2=5.997, P=0.014).ConclusionMetoclopramide safely reduced the duration of the first stage of labor and was not associated with major maternal or neonatal adverse outcomes.ClinicalTrials.govNCT01937234
Don't forget the group! The importance of social norms and empathy for shaping donation behaviour
Authors: Lay Siugmin , Zagefka Hanna , González Roberto , Álvarez Belén , Valdenegro Daniel 
Published: October 2019

Feelings of empathy and the influence of social descriptive norms are related to intentions to donate. People are more likely to help and donate to others when they empathise with them, and when they perceive descriptive norms to encourage such behaviour. However, previous work has not considered the potential interplay between empathy and descriptive norms. Across two surveys in two different national settings (Ns = 1300 and 144), we assessed the interplay between empathy and social descriptive norms on frequency of donation (Study 1) and on willingness to donate (Study 2). Consistent with our main hypotheses, in Studies 1 and 2, norms and empathy were positive predictors of frequency of donation and willingness to donate. Importantly, a consistent interaction between norms and empathy was found in both studies. Empathy was a stronger predictor of donation behaviour and disposition when norms were low. Theoretical and applied implications of these findings are discussed.
In vitro and in vivo assessment of glucose cross‐linked gelatin/zein nanofibrous scaffolds for cranial bone defects regeneration
Authors: Deng Lingli , Li Yang , Zhang Hui 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the glucose cross‐linked gelatin/zein scaffolds for bone regeneration in vitro and in vivo. The nanofibrous scaffolds exhibited fast mineralization in the concentrated simulated body fluid with the deposited octacalcium phosphate and dicalcium phosphate dehydrate. The nanofibrous scaffolds exhibited no cytotoxic effect on MC3T3e1 cells in a CCK‐8 test. Additionally, scanning electron microscope and confocal laser scanning microscopy images revealed that all the scaffolds were biocompatible and showed excellent support for MC3T3e1 cells. In the osteogenesis characterizations, Alizarin Red staining experiments indicated the improved calcium deposits on the cross‐linked scaffolds, while the alkaline phosphatase activity showed no difference. Furthermore, the in vivo cranial bone regeneration results suggested that the cross‐linked gelatin/zein scaffolds presented a strong positive effect on the cranial bone regeneration with the increased new bone volume and connective tissue formation, but the incorporation of zein in the gelatin scaffolds did not favor the bone regeneration. Moreover, the cross‐linked gelatin scaffold retarded the bone resorption as indicated by the higher levels of IFN‐γ and lower levels of IL‐6, which restricted the differentiation of osteoclasts.
Investigation on the structural, mechanical and in vitro biocompatibility features of CaZr4(PO4)6 influenced by Zn2+ substitutions
Authors: Kumar Manish , Vasanthavel Subramaniyan , K. Khan Mohd. Imran , Dhayalan Arunkumar , Kannan Sanjeevi 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe present study explores the possibility of Zn2+ substituted calcium zirconium phosphate [CaZr4(PO4)6] as a potential replacement for the existing materials in load bearing orthopedic applications. Pure CaZr4(PO4)6) and wide range of Zn2+ substitutions in CaZr4(PO4)6 have been synthesized through citrate assisted sol–gel technique. The characterization results confirmed the extraordinary structural stability displayed by CaZr4(PO4)6 until 1,550°C. Further, the flexibility of CaZr4(PO4)6 lattice to accommodate 40 mol% of Zn2+ has been determined. The microstructures of CaZr4(PO4)6 and Zn2+ substituted CaZr4(PO4)6 demonstrated irregular sized grains and cracks alongside the negligence to obtain definite grain boundaries. This has been reflected in the moderate mechanical properties of the investigated specimen; nevertheless, Zn2+ substituted CaZr4(PO4)6 displayed enhanced mechanical stability. Further, in vitro tests signified the remarkable biocompatibility and alkaline phosphatase activity of Zn2+ substituted CaZr4(PO4)6.
Association of Mineral Bone Disorder With Decline in Residual Kidney Function in Incident Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: Lee Yu-Ji , Okuda Yusuke , Sy John , Obi Yoshitsugu , Kang Duk-Hee , Nguyen Steven , Hsiung Jui Ting , Park Christina , Rhee Connie M , Kovesdy Csaba P , Streja Elani , Kalantar-Zadeh Kamyar 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT
Abnormalities of mineral bone disorder (MBD) parameters have been suggested to be associated with poor renal outcome in predialysis patients. However, the impact of those parameters on decline in residual kidney function (RKF) is uncertain among incident hemodialysis (HD) patients. We performed a retrospective cohort study in 13,772 patients who initiated conventional HD during 2007 to 2011 and survived 6 months of dialysis. We examined the association of baseline serum phosphorus, calcium, intact parathyroid hormone (PTH), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) with a decline in RKF. Decline in RKF was assessed by estimated slope of renal urea clearance (KRU) over 6 months from HD initiation. Our cohort had a mean ± SD age of 62 ± 15 years; 64% were men, 57% were white, 65% had diabetes, and 51% had hypertension. The median (interquartile range [IQR]) baseline KRU level was 3.4 (2.0, 5.2) mL/min/1.73 m2. The median (IQR) estimated 6-month KRU slope was −1.47 (−2.24, −0.63) mL/min/1.73 m2 per 6 months. In linear regression models, higher phosphorus categories were associated with a steeper 6-month KRU slope compared with the reference category (phosphorus 4.0 to &lt;4.5 mg/dL). Lower calcium and higher intact PTH and ALP categories were also associated with a steeper 6-month KRU slope compared with their respective reference groups (calcium 9.2 to &lt;9.5 mg/dL; intact PTH 150 to &lt;250 pg/mL; ALP &lt;60 U/L). The increased number of parameter abnormalities had an additive effect on decline in RKF. Abnormalities of MBD parameters including higher phosphorus, intact PTH, ALP and lower calcium levels were independently associated with decline in RKF in incident HD patients. © 2019 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research. © 2019 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
miR‐152/LIN28B axis modulates high‐glucose‐induced angiogenesis in human retinal endothelial cells via VEGF signaling
Authors: Fu Xiaolin , Ou Bo 
Published: October 2019

AbstractDiabetic retinopathy (DR) is a serious complication of diabetes contributing to blindness in patients. Inhibiting retinal neovascularization is a potent strategy for diabetic retinopathy treatment. Reportedly, the stable expression of lin‐28 homolog B (LIN28B), a member of the highly conserved RNA‐binding protein LIN28 family, could promote vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression; herein, we investigated the role and mechanism of LIN28B in diabetic retinopathy progression from the perspective of microRNA (miRNA) regulation. We identified miR‐152 as a miRNA that may target the LIN28B 3′‐untranslated region and can be significantly downregulated under high‐glucose (HG) condition. The expression of miR‐152 was remarkably suppressed, whereas the expression of LIN28B was significantly increased under HG condition within both human retinal endothelial cells (hRECs) and retinal microvascular endothelial cell line (hRMECs). miR‐152 overexpression significantly suppressed, while LIN28B overexpression promoted the angiogenesis and the protein levels of proangiogenesis factors in both hRECs and hRMECs. More importantly, LIN28B overexpression could remarkably attenuate the effect of miR‐152 overexpression. In summary, miR‐152 overexpression could inhibit HG‐induced angiogenesis in both hRECs and hRMECs via targeting LIN28B and suppressing VEGF signaling. Further, in vivo experiments are needed for the application of miR‐152/LIN28B axis in the treatment for diabetic retinopathy.