bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genome‐wide meta‐analysis of SNP and antihypertensive medication interactions on left ventricular traits in African Americans
Authors: Do Anh N. , Zhao Wei , Baldridge Abigail S. , Raffield Laura M. , Wiggins Kerri L. , Shah Sanjiv J. , Aslibekyan Stella , Tiwari Hemant K. , Limdi Nita , Zhi Degui , Sitlani Colleen M. , Taylor Kent D. , Psaty Bruce M. , Sotoodehnia Nona , Brody Jennifer A. , Rasmussen‐Torvik Laura J. , Lloyd‐Jones Donald , Lange Leslie A. , Wilson James G. , Smith Jennifer A. , Kardia Sharon L. R. , Mosley Thomas H. , Vasan Ramachandran S. , Arnett Donna K. , Irvin Marguerite R. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundLeft ventricular (LV) hypertrophy affects up to 43% of African Americans (AAs). Antihypertensive treatment reduces LV mass (LVM). However, interindividual variation in LV traits in response to antihypertensive treatments exists. We hypothesized that genetic variants may modify the association of antihypertensive treatment class with LV traits measured by echocardiography.MethodsWe evaluated the main effects of the three most common antihypertensive treatments for AAs as well as the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)‐by‐drug interaction on LVM and relative wall thickness (RWT) in 2,068 participants across five community‐based cohorts. Treatments included thiazide diuretics (TDs), angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE‐Is), and dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers (dCCBs) and were compared in a pairwise manner. We performed fixed effects inverse variance weighted meta‐analyses of main effects of drugs and 2.5 million SNP‐by‐drug interaction estimates.ResultsWe observed that dCCBs versus TDs were associated with higher LVM after adjusting for covariates (p = 0.001). We report three SNPs at a single locus on chromosome 20 that modified the association between RWT and treatment when comparing dCCBs to ACE‐Is with consistent effects across cohorts (smallest p = 4.7 × 10−8, minor allele frequency range 0.09–0.12). This locus has been linked to LV hypertrophy in a previous study. A marginally significant locus in BICD1 (rs326641) was validated in an external population.ConclusionsOur study identified one locus having genome‐wide significant SNP‐by‐drug interaction effect on RWT among dCCB users in comparison to ACE‐I users. Upon additional validation in future studies, our findings can enhance the precision of medical approaches in hypertension treatment.
Lycopene Alleviates Obesity‐Induced Inflammation and Insulin Resistance by Regulating M1/M2 Status of Macrophages
Authors: Chen Guanliang , Ni Yinhua , Nagata Naoto , Zhuge Fen , Xu Liang , Nagashimada Mayumi , Yamamoto Sayo , Ushida Yusuke , Fuke Nobuo , Suganuma Hiroyuki , Kaneko Shuichi , Ota Tsuguhito 
Published: August 2019

ScopeAdipose tissue macrophage (ATM) recruitment and polarization are pivotal in the development of insulin resistance. However, treatment modalities targeting ATMs remain limited. The effects of lycopene, an antioxidant carotenoid compound, on adipose tissue inflammation and insulin resistance in high fat (HF)‐diet‐induced obese mice are examined.Methods and resultsC57BL/6J mice are fed an HF diet or an HF diet containing lycopene (HF+LY) for 8 weeks. Lycopene attenuates HF‐diet‐induced glucose intolerance and hyperinsulinemia. Compared with HF mice, HF+LY mice exhibit attenuated adipocyte hypertrophy and macrophage infiltration in epididymal white adipose tissue (eWAT) and hepatic steatosis and inflammation. Flow cytometry analysis of ATMs demonstrates that lycopene attenuated the increased number of ATMs in HF diet‐fed mice. In addition, HF+LY mice have 23% fewer M1‐polarized ATMs and 60% more M2‐polarized ATMs than HF mice, resulting in the predominance of M2 over M1 in the ATM population. M2‐dominant polarization is also seen in hepatic macrophages in HF+LY mice. Moreover, lycopene promotes IL‐4‐induced M2 polarization by increasing the phosphorylation levels of STAT6 and Akt in Raw 264.7 macrophages.ConclusionsLycopene facilitates M2‐dominant polarization in ATM, thereby attenuating HF diet‐induced inflammation and insulin resistance in eWAT and the liver.
The Effect of an Iron Supplement on Lycopene Metabolism and Absorption During Digestion in Healthy Humans
Authors: Kopec Rachel E. , Caris‐Veyrat Catherine , Nowicki Marion , Bernard Jean‐Paul , Morange Sophie , Chitchumroonchokchai Chureeporn , Gleize Béatrice , Borel Patrick 
Published: August 2019

ScopeTo investigate the formation and absorption of lycopene (LYC) metabolites in the human upper gastrointestinal lumen, in the absence and presence of iron.MethodsHealthy males (n = 7) consumed test meals that deliver ≈22 mg LYC + ≈0.3 mg apo‐lycopenals from oleoresin without (‐FeSO4) and with ferrous sulfate (160 mg, +FeSO4). Subjects were intubated with a naso‐gastric/naso‐duodenal tube. Digesta, blood plasma, and the triglyceride‐rich lipoprotein (TRL) fractions of plasma were analyzed using LC–MS/MS, to measure LYC and apo‐lycopenoids.ResultsDigesta LYC concentrations increased with time (p = 1.2 × 10−7), decrease with time × iron (p = 1.1 × 10−5), and remain ≈200× higher than apo‐lycopenals/lycopenone. Digesta apo‐8′‐, ‐10′‐, ‐12′‐, ‐14′‐, ‐15‐lycopenal, and apo‐13‐lycopenone concentrations increased with time (p < 0.01), apo‐12′‐, ‐14′‐, ‐15‐lycopenal, apo‐13‐lycopenone increase with iron (p < 0.05), and time × iron decrease apo‐8′‐, ‐10′‐, ‐12′‐, ‐14′‐, ‐15‐lycopenal, apo‐13‐lycopenone concentrations (p < 0.01). A 1.9‐fold decrease in LYC TRL area‐under‐the‐time‐concentration‐curve is observed after the test meal +FeSO4 versus the test meal –FeSO4 (p = 0.02). Apo‐lycopenals were detected in later TRL fractions, and no apo‐lycopenols or apo‐lycopenoic acids were observed in any samples.ConclusionsFeSO4 reduces LYC absorption. Apo‐lycopenals appear to be absorbed from foods, and not made in significant quantities during digestion.
A new iterative algorithm for ring artifact reduction in CT using ring total variation
Authors: Salehjahromi Morteza , Wang Qian , Zhang Yanbo , Gjesteby Lars A , Harrison Dan , Wang Ge , Edic Peter M. , Yu Hengyong 
Published: August 2019

PurposeIn computed tomography (CT), miscalibrated or imperfect detector elements produce stripe artifacts in the sinogram. The stripe artifacts in Radon space are responsible for concentric ring artifacts in the reconstructed images. In this work, a novel optimization model is proposed to remove the ring artifacts in an iterative reconstruction procedure.MethodIn the proposed optimization model, a novel ring total variation (RTV) regularization is developed to penalize the ring artifacts in the image domain. Moreover, to correct the sinogram, a new correcting vector is proposed to compensate for malfunctioning of detectors in the projection domain. The optimization problem is solved by using the alternating minimization scheme (AMS). In each iteration, the fidelity term along with the RTV regularization is solved using the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) to find the image, and then the correcting coefficient vector is updated for certain detectors according to the obtained image. Because the sinogram and the image are simultaneously updated, the proposed method basically performs in both image and sinogram domains.ResultsThe proposed method is evaluated using both simulated and physical phantom datasets containing different ring artifact patterns. In the simulated datasets, the Shepp–Logan phantom, a real chest scan image and a noisy low‐contrast phantom are considered for the performance evaluation of our method. We compare the quantitative root mean square error (RMSE) and structural similarity (SSIM) results of our algorithm with wavelet‐Fourier sinogram filtering method by Munch et al., the ring artifact reduction method by Brun et al., and the TV‐based ring correction method by Paleo and Mirone. Our proposed method is also evaluated using a physical phantom dataset where strong ring artifacts are manifest due to the miscalibration of a large number of detectors. Our proposed method outperforms the competing methods in terms of both qualitative and quantitative evaluation results.ConclusionThe experimental results in both simulated and physical phantom datasets show that the proposed method achieves the state‐of‐the‐art ring artifact reduction performance in terms of RMSE, SSIM, and subjective visual quality.
Side Reactions in Aqueous Phase Polymerization of N‐Vinyl‐Pyrrolidone as Possible Source for Fouling
Authors: Deglmann Peter , Hellmund Mario , Hungenberg Klaus‐Dieter , Nieken Ulrich , Schwede Christian , Zander Christian 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAn improved kinetic model for the radical polymerization of N‐vinyl‐pyrrolidone (NVP) in aqueous medium is developed. Quantum chemical simulations reveal that the transfer to polymer is of minor importance whereas the transfer to monomer by hydrogen abstraction in 3‐position of the pyrrolidone ring leads to a radical with a double bond which initiates a new chain bearing a terminal double bond (TDB). The resulting dead chains with one, two, or more TDB are the main source for a strong increase of molar mass in batch reactors at high conversion due to long chain branching and crosslinking. This can be a source for gel formation and fouling in continuous reactors.
What is Normal? Neuromuscular junction reinnervation after nerve injury
Authors: Vannucci Bianca , Santosa Katherine B. , Keane Alexandra M. , Jablonka‐Shariff Albina , Lu Chuieng‐Yi , Yan Ying , MacEwan Matthew , Snyder‐Warwick Alison K. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIntroductionIn this study we present a reproducible technique to assess motor recovery after nerve injury via neuromuscular junction (NMJ) immunostaining and electrodiagnostic testing.MethodsWild‐type mice underwent sciatic nerve transection with repair. Hindlimb muscles were collected for microscopy up to 30 weeks after injury. Immunostaining was used to assess axons (NF200), Schwann cells (S100), and motor endplates (α‐bungarotoxin). Compound motor action potential (CMAP) amplitude was used to assess tibialis anterior (TA) function.ResultsOne week after injury, nearly all (98.0%) endplates were denervated. At 8 weeks, endplates were either partially (28.3%) or fully (71.7%) reinnervated. At 16 weeks, NMJ reinnervation reached 87.3%. CMAP amplitude was 83% of naive mice at 16 weeks and correlated with percentage of fully reinnervated NMJs. Morphological differences were noted between injured and noninjured NMJs.DiscussionWe present a reproducible method for evaluating NMJ reinnervation. Electrodiagnostic data summarize NMJ recovery. Characterization of wild‐type reinnervation provides important data for consideration in experimental design and interpretation.
Validity evaluation of the genetics and genomics in nursing practice survey
Authors: Plavskin Alexandra , Samuels William E. , Calzone Kathleen A. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAimTo psychometrically test the Genetics and Genomics Nursing Practice Survey (GGNPS) for evidence of content, face and construct validity.DesignThis study was a secondary data analysis.MethodData collected from the Method for Introducing a New Competency into Nursing Practice (MINC) study were used to evaluate the GGNPS for evidence of construct validity via structural equation modelling and confirmatory factor analysis. Face validity was evaluated via feedback from practicing RNs without specific experience with or knowledge of genetics/genomics. Content validity was evaluated via content expert feedback and assessment of a content validity index.ResultsThe thresholds for evidence of content and face validity were met. However, we found less evidence for construct validity of the GGNPS; an exploratory factor analysis, conducted to gain additional insight into the theorized latent constructs, determined that the variables were more interrelated that previously predicted.
Neuroanatomical abnormalities related to dexamethasone exposure in survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Phillips Nicholas S. , Cheung Yin Ting , Glass John O. , Scoggins Matthew A. , Liu Wei , Ogg Robert J. , Mulrooney Daniel A. , Pui Ching‐Hon , Robison Leslie L. , Reddick Wilburn E. , Hudson Melissa M. , Krull Kevin R. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractSurvivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) treated with chemotherapy only are at risk for neurocognitive impairment. Regions of interest were identified a priori based on glucocorticoid receptor distribution, and sex‐stratified multivariable linear regression models were used to test associations between brain MRI morphology and total number of intrathecal injections, and serum concentration of dexamethasone and methotrexate. Compared with controls, ALL survivors have persistently smaller volumes in the bilateral cerebellum (P < 0.005), hippocampal subregions (P < 0.03), temporal lobe regions (P < 0.03), frontal lobe regions (P < 0.04), and parietal lobe regions (precuneus; P < 0.002). Long‐term problems with learning may be related to residual posttreatment brain differences.
The wide‐ranging life outcome correlates of a general psychopathology factor in adolescent psychopathology
Authors: Laceulle Odilia M. , Chung Joanne M. , Vollebergh Wilma A.M. , Ormel Johan 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe structure of psychopathology has been much debated within the research literature. This study extends previous work by providing comparisons of the links between psychopathology and several life outcomes (temperamental, economic, social, psychological and health) using a three‐correlated‐factors model, a bifactor model, a revised‐bifactor model and a higher‐order model.MethodsData from a sample of Dutch adolescents were used (n = 2 230), and psychopathology factors were modelled using self‐reported and parent‐reported longitudinal data from youth across four assessments during adolescence, from ages 11 to 19. Outcome variables were assessed at age 22 using adolescent‐reports and parent‐reports and more objective measures (e.g. body mass index).ResultsWhile no measurement model was clearly superior, we found modest associations between the psychopathology factors and life outcomes. Importantly, after taking into account a general factor, the associations with life outcomes decreased for the residual parts of thought problems (across all domains) and internalizing problems (for temperamental and psychological outcomes), but not for externalizing problems, compared with the traditional three‐correlated‐factors model. Patterns were similar for adolescent‐reported and parent‐reported data.ConclusionsFindings suggest that a general factor is related to psychopathology and life outcomes in a meaningful way. Results are discussed in terms of individual differences in propensity to psychopathology and more broadly in light of recent developments concerning the structure of psychopathology. © 2019 The Authors Personality and Mental Health Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd
Adverse Event Profiles of High Dose Botulinum Toxin Injections for Spasticity
Authors: Kirshblum Steven , Solinsky Ryan , Jasey Neil , Hampton Stephen , Didesch Michelle , Seidel Benjamin , Botticello Amanda 
Published: August 2019

BackgroundBotulinum toxin injections are effective in relieving focal spasticity resulting from upper motor neuron injuries. Doses approved in the United States for onabotulinumtoxinA and incobotulinumtoxinA are up to 400 units, yet higher doses are often used.ObjectiveTo determine differences in risk of adverse events when using higher (>600 units) as compared to lower doses within clinically applicable categories; the difference in adverse events between types of botulinum toxin‐A, and any association of the injection of cervical muscles with increased risk for adverse events.Design and SettingRetrospective analysis of injections performed over a 3‐year period at a freestanding rehabilitation hospital network.ParticipantsPersons with spasticity or dystonia undergoing ona‐ and/or incobotulinumtoxinA injections.InterventionsNot applicable.Main Outcome MeasuresAdverse events for injections were divided into the three dose ranges (≤400 units, 401‐600 units, or > 600 units).Results889 injections in 342 patients met inclusion criteria with 65% ≤400 units, 21% 401‐600 units, and 14% >600 units. Adverse events were not significantly increased in doses of 401‐600 units relative to ≤400 units (OR 0.97, 95% CI 0.31, 2.98). Doses of toxin over 600 units were associated with significantly increased relative risk of adverse events (OR 2.98, 95% CI 1.12, 8.13). There were no significant differences between adverse event rates for onabotulinumtoxinA or incobotulinumtoxinA (P >.99). Inclusion of cervical muscles in isolation did significantly increase the risk of adverse events (OR 4.21, 95% CI 1.15, 15.46).ConclusionRisk for adverse events were not significantly increased in doses of ona‐ and/or incobotulinumtoxinA up to 600 units, suggesting that the current 400 units upper bound of approved dose may need to be reexamined. Doses above 600 units were found to increase the rate of adverse effects and clinical benefit versus risk should be taken into account.Level of EvidenceIII.
Naturally Derived Melanin Nanoparticle Composites with High Electrical Conductivity and Biodegradability
Authors: Eom Taesik , Jeon Jisoo , Lee Seunghyeon , Woo Kyungbae , Heo Jae Eun , Martin David C. , Wie Jeong Jae , Shim Bong Sup 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe development of electronic devices from naturally derived materials is of enormous scientific interest. Melanin, a dark protective pigment ubiquitous in living creatures, may be particularly valuable because of its ability to conduct charges both electronically and ionically. However, device applications are severely hindered by its relatively poor electrical properties. Here, the facile preparation of conductive melanin composites is reported in which melanin nanoparticles (MNPs), directly extracted from squid inks, form electrically continuous junctions by tight clustering in a poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) matrix. Prepared as freestanding films and patterned microstructures by a series of precipitation, dry casting, and post‐thermal annealing steps, the percolated composites show electrical conductivities as high as 1.17 ± 0.13 S cm−1 at room temperature, which is the best performance yet obtained with biologically‐derived nanoparticles. Furthermore, the biodegradability of the MNP/PVA composites is confirmed through appetitive ingestion by Zophobas morios larvae (superworms). This discovery for preparing versatile biocomposites suggests new opportunities in functional material selections for the emerging applications of implantable, edible, green bioelectronics.
Evaluation of template‐based modeling in CASP13
Authors: Croll Tristan I. , Sammito Massimo D. , Kryshtafovych Andriy , Read Randy J. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractPerformance in the template‐based modeling (TBM) category of CASP13 is assessed here, using a variety of metrics. Performance of the predictor groups that participated is ranked using the primary ranking score that was developed by the assessors for CASP12. This reveals that the best results are obtained by groups that include contact predictions or inter‐residue distance predictions derived from deep multiple sequence alignments. In cases where there is a good homolog in the wwPDB (TBM‐easy category), the best results are obtained by modifying a template. However, for cases with poorer homologs (TBM‐hard), very good results can be obtained without using an explicit template, by deep learning algorithms trained on the wwPDB. Alternative metrics are introduced, to allow testing of aspects of structural models that are not addressed by traditional CASP metrics. These include comparisons to the main‐chain and side‐chain torsion angles of the target, and the utility of models for solving crystal structures by the molecular replacement method. The alternative metrics are poorly correlated with the traditional metrics, and it is proposed that modeling has reached a sufficient level of maturity that the best models should be expected to satisfy this wider range of criteria.
Control charts for simultaneously monitoring of process mean and coefficient of variation with and without auxiliary information
Authors: Noor‐ul‐Amin Muhammad , Tariq Saadia , Hanif Muhammad 
Published: August 2019

AbstractA control chart is very useful to control assignable causes which detect the shifted process parameters (eg, mean and dispersion). Simultaneous monitoring of the process parameters is a well‐known approach utilized for the bilateral processes. In the current study, we proposed the blended control chart that monitors the process mean and process coefficient of variation simultaneously. Further, the sensitivity of control chart is enhanced by incorporating an auxiliary variable. We have utilized the concept of EWMA chart and also the log transformation to transform the distribution of sample coefficient of variation to the normal distribution for structuring a joint monitoring control chart. The performance comparison among proposed control charts is presented. On the basis of ARLs and SDRLs, several advantages of the proposed control charts are diagnosed. The empirical evidence is also provided to support proposed control chart with a real‐life dataset.
Data‐driven–based attitude control of combined spacecraft with noncooperative target
Authors: Jiang Huaiyuan , Zhou Bin , Li Dongxu , Duan Guangren 
Published: August 2019

SummaryIn this paper, the attitude control of combined spacecraft with noncooperative target is studied. For the linearized system of the attitude control system, which possesses uncertainties on both its control and system matrices caused by the noncooperative target, this paper proposes an approximated iteration method to obtain the optimal controller such that the closed‐loop system possesses a prescribed convergence rate. An explicit stabilizing gain is established to initiate the iteration method. Based on the proposed iteration method and the initial stabilizing gain, a data‐driven algorithm is proposed to obtain the optimal controller for the attitude control system without using the system parameter information. A simulation is given to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Settings, Quantification, and Statistical Analyses beyond p‐Values for Arabidopsis Ethylene Responses
Authors: Lu Jian , Wen Chi‐Kuang 
Published: August 2019

AbstractEthylene is a gaseous plant hormone and plays various roles in plant growth and development. Studies on ethylene‐induced responses have advanced the knowledge about ethylene signaling and effects of its interactions with other plant hormones and with biotic and abiotic cues. Degrees of the ethylene response can be quantified on the basis of the “seedling triple‐response assay” that primarily measures the hypocotyl and/or root lengths of etiolated Arabidopsis seedlings. Different laboratories perform the assay differently, possibly with various degrees of arbitrariness, and experimental results across independent studies can hardly be shared and compared. An optimal and standardized protocol for the setting of ethylene treatment may facilitate data sharing, reproducing, and new findings. Data collected from experiments are quantified and analyzed statistically to support scientific inference. On the other hand, erroneous statistical practices are criticized for muddling scientific inference, leading to poor reproducibility and false results. Grasping the basic concepts of statistics may avoid erroneous practices and inference. Different settings for ethylene treatment prevalently adapted in the field are compared in this study, analyzed statistically to explain how the settings may affect the outcome, and a standardized conduct for the seedling triple‐response assay is proposed.