bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the Interaction between Bax and Hsp70 in Cells by Using a FRET System Consisting of a Fluorescent Amino Acid and YFP as a FRET Pair
Authors: Park Seong‐Hyun , Ko Wooseok , Park Sang‐Hyun , Lee Hyun Soo , Shin Injae 
Published: June 2019

AbstractTo gain insight into factors that lead to dissociation of Bax from a complex with Hsp70 during apoptosis, we recently constructed a fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) system composed of the Hsp70‐YFP (YFP=yellow fluorescent protein) fusion protein and fluorescent amino acid (ANAP=6‐acetyl(naphthalen‐2‐ylamino)‐2‐aminopropanoic acid)‐containing Bax (Bax‐ANAP), which was produced by using the genetic code expansion technique. In the current study, the FRET system was employed to elucidate how brefeldin A (an endoplasmic reticulum stress inducer), chlorpromazine and apoptozole (lysosomal membrane destabilizers), bafilomycin A1 (an inhibitor of lysosomal acidification) as well as raptinal and Az‐TPP‐O3 (mitochondria‐targeted apoptosis inducers) affect the interaction between Bax and Hsp70. Analyses of single live cell images together with results of co‐immunoprecipitation assays reveal that brefeldin A, chlorpromazine, and apoptozole promote dissociation of the Bax/Hsp70 complex through activation of the activator BH3‐only protein. However, the results show that bafilomycin A1, raptinal, and Az‐TPP‐O3 have no influence on the interaction of Bax with Hsp70. The combined observations made in the current and previous studies demonstrate that the FRET system consisting of Bax‐ANAP and Hsp70‐YFP is highly useful to understand apoptotic processes associated with the Bax–Hsp70 interaction.
The effect of using water sumac (Rhus coriaria L.) extract on wheat pan bread quality characteristics
Authors: Al‐Marazeeq Khaled M. , Al‐Rousan Walid , Al‐obaidy Khalid , Al‐obaidy Mostafa 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackground and objectivesBread is a staple food that is widely consumed worldwide. The present study aimed to evaluate the use of sumac extract as a natural and functional improver on the quality attributes of wheat pan bread. Water sumac extracts were prepared at different sumac powder: water concentrations (w:v; 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 3%, and 5%) and then used in kneading of the dough and compared to the control dough kneaded with only water.FindingsThe rheological properties of the dough were measured using farinograph and extensograph, and these properties that include water absorption, development time, consistency, stability, softening, farinograph quality numbers, dough energy, resistance, maximum height, ratio R50/E, and ratio max significantly (p < 0.05) increased by using sumac extracts, while in contrast the dough extensibility decreased. An unexpected increase in bread volume index was obtained, which ranged from 108.87% to 154.84%, compared to the volume of control bread. Lightness (L*) and yellowness (b*) of the crust and crumb significantly (p < 0.05) decreased, while redness (a*) increased. The organoleptic preferences of the bread significantly increased as the concentration of sumac extract increased, except for a slight decrease in crumb color preference due to the reddish color. These improvements in pan bread characteristics could be attributed to extractable organic acids, polyphenols, tannins, and anthocyanins from sumac contributing to the strength of the gluten network.ConclusionsWater sumac extracts at levels from 0.5% to 5% significantly enhanced the quality and pan bread parameters of the all‐purpose wheat flour dough.Significance and noveltyThe use of sumac extract as a natural and GRAS method to improve pan bread formulation could be beneficial both to the baking industry and to general health.
Catalytic Materials for Low Concentration VOCs Removal through “Storage‐Regeneration” Cycling
Authors: Chen Bingbing , Wu Le , Wu Bo , Wang Zhihui , Yu Limei , Crocker Mark , Zhu Aimin , Shi Chuan 
Published: June 2019

AbstractCompared with other approaches for the removal of VOCs, the concept of “storage‐regeneration” cycling is proposed as an effective and promising way to eliminate low‐concentration indoor VOCs. A key issue in this approach is the design of catalytic materials which should possess balanced properties between storage and regeneration. The materials used for the storage of VOCs such as formaldehyde and benzene should not only possess high and selective VOC storage capacity, but also be easily regenerated without any release of the VOCs or generation of secondary pollutants. To this end, appropriate regeneration methods have been proposed, including thermal regeneration, plasma (nonthermal plasma) oxidation or ozone enabled regeneration. In this short review, these essential features of the cycled “storage‐regeneration” concept for VOC destruction are considered and the prospects for the implementation of this technology are assessed.
Characterization and Elemental Quantification of Natural Hydroxyapatite Produced from Cow Bone
Authors: Akindoyo John O. , Ghazali Suriati , Beg Mohammad D. H. , Jeyaratnam Nitthiyah 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe demand for hydroxyapatite (HA) is increasing annually due to the growing number of orthopedic patients, but it is a challenge to meet this growing demand without interfering with the integrity of the environment. Here, natural HA was produced from cow bone through ultrasound treatment followed by a calcination process at various temperatures. Characterization of the produced HA was performed by techniques such as thermogravimetric analysis, field emission scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X‐ray diffraction analysis. The elemental composition of the HA was quantified through X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, X‐ray fluorescence, as well as carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, sulfur (CHNS) analysis. The results demonstrate that pure HA was produced after calcination at 950 °C, corresponding to pure HA phase.
Mesoporous Carbons Templated by PEO‐PCL Block Copolymers as Electrode Materials for Supercapacitors
Authors: Li Jheng‐Guang , Ho Ya‐Fan , Ahmed Mahmoud M. M. , Liang Heng‐Chia , Kuo Shiao‐Wei 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIn this study, samples of activated mesoporous carbon are fabricated with pore structures with cylinder and gyroid nanostructures through the templating effect of amphiphilic poly(ethylene oxide‐block‐caprolactone) (PEO‐PCL) and by using specific resol/PEO‐PCL weight ratios (e.g., 60:40 for cylinders; 55:45 for gyroids). After carbonization and KOH activation, the activated mesoporous carbons were tested as electrode materials for electric double‐layer capacitor (EDLC) supercapacitors. The electrochemical properties were examined by using three‐electrode (6 m KOH(aq) as electrolyte) and CR2032 coin‐cell (1 m tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate (TEABF4)/CN as the electrolyte) systems. The gyroid carbon samples provided specific capacitances higher than those of the cylinder carbon samples in both aqueous and organic systems: 155 F g−1 compared with 135 F g−1 in 6 m KOH(aq), and 105.6 compared with 96 F g−1 in 1 m TEABF4/MeCN, after 100 charge/discharge cycles. It is suspected that the bi‐continuous mesochannels of the gyroid‐type activated mesoporous carbons provided a relatively higher effective adsorption surface area; in other words, the greater surface area for energy storage originated from a moderate pore size and an interconnected pore structure.
A Hydrogen Peroxide Activatable Gemcitabine Prodrug for the Selective Treatment of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Matsushita Katsunori , Okuda Takumi , Mori Shohei , Konno Masamitsu , Eguchi Hidetoshi , Asai Ayumu , Koseki Jun , Iwagami Yoshifumi , Yamada Daisaku , Akita Hirofumi , Asaoka Tadafumi , Noda Takehiro , Kawamoto Koichi , Gotoh Kunihito , Kobayashi Shogo , Kasahara Yuuya , Morihiro Kunihiko , Satoh Taroh , Doki Yuichiro , Mori Masaki , Ishii Hideshi , Obika Satoshi 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe main concern in the use of anticancer chemotherapeutic drugs is host toxicity. Patients need to interrupt or change chemotherapy due to adverse effects. In this study, we aimed to decrease adverse events with gemcitabine (GEM) in the treatment of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and focused on the difference of hydrogen peroxide levels in normal versus cancer cells. We designed and synthesized a novel boronate‐ester‐caged prodrug that is activated by the high H2O2 concentrations found in cancer cells to release GEM. An H2O2‐activatable GEM (A‐GEM) has higher selectivity for H2O2 over other reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cytotoxic effects corresponding to the H2O2 concentration in vitro. A xenograft model of immunodeficient mice indicated that the effect of A‐GEM was not inferior to that of GEM when administered in vivo. In particular, myelosuppression was significantly decreased following A‐GEM treatment compared with that following GEM treatment.
The Design of Potent, Selective and Drug‐Like RGD αvβ1 Small‐Molecule Inhibitors Derived from non‐RGD α4β1 Antagonists
Authors: Hatley Richard J. D. , Barrett Tim N. , Slack Robert J. , Watson Morag E. , Baillache Daniel J. , Gruszka Anna , Washio Yoshiaki , Rowedder James E. , Pogány Peter , Pal Sandeep , Macdonald Simon J. F. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractUp to 45 % of deaths in developed nations can be attributed to chronic fibroproliferative diseases, highlighting the need for effective therapies. The RGD (Arg‐Gly‐Asp) integrin αvβ1 was recently investigated for its role in fibrotic disease, and thus warrants therapeutic targeting. Herein we describe the identification of non‐RGD hit small‐molecule αvβ1 inhibitors. We show that αvβ1 activity is embedded in a range of published α4β1 (VLA‐4) ligands; we also demonstrate how a non‐RGD integrin inhibitor (of α4β1 in this case) was converted into a potent non‐zwitterionic RGD integrin inhibitor (of αvβ1 in this case). We designed urea ligands with excellent selectivity over α4β1 and the other αv integrins (αvβ3, αvβ5, αvβ6, αvβ8). In silico docking models and density functional theory (DFT) calculations aided the discovery of the lead urea series.
Glioma incidence and survival variations by county‐level socioeconomic measures
Authors: Cote David J. , Ostrom Quinn T. , Gittleman Haley , Duncan Kelsey R. , CreveCoeur Travis S. , Kruchko Carol , Smith Timothy R. , Stampfer Meir J. , Barnholtz‐Sloan Jill S. 
Published: June 2019

BackgroundMultiple studies have reported higher rates of glioma in areas with higher socioeconomic status (SES) but to the authors' knowledge have not stratified by other factors, including race/ethnicity or urban versus rural location.MethodsThe authors identified the average annual age‐adjusted incidence rates and calculated hazard ratios for death for gliomas of various subtypes, stratified by a county‐level index for SES, race/ethnicity, US region, and rural versus urban status.ResultsRates of glioma were highest in counties with higher SES (rate ratio, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.15‐1.22 comparing the highest with the lowest quintiles [P < .001]). Stratified by race/ethnicity, higher rates in high SES counties persisted for white non‐Hispanic individuals. Stratified by rural versus urban status, differences in incidence by SES were more pronounced among urban counties. Survival was higher for residents of high SES counties after adjustment for age and extent of surgical resection (hazard ratio, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.76‐0.87 comparing the highest with the lowest quintile of SES [P < .001]). Survival was higher among white Hispanic, black, and Asian/Pacific Islander individuals compared with white non‐Hispanic individuals, after adjustment for age, SES, and extent of surgical resection, and when restricted to those individuals with glioblastoma who received radiation and chemotherapy.ConclusionsThe incidence of glioma was higher in US counties of high compared with low SES. These differences were most pronounced among white non‐Hispanic individuals and white Hispanic individuals residing in urban areas. Better survival was observed in high SES counties, even when adjusting for extent of surgical resection, and when restricted to those who received radiation and chemotherapy for glioblastoma. Differences in incidence and survival were associated with SES and race, rather than rural versus urban status.
Sample‐Based Optimal Transport and Barycenter Problems
Authors: Kuang Max , Tabak Esteban G. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractA methodology is developed for the numerical solution to the sample‐based optimal transport and Wasserstein barycenter problems. The procedure is based on a characterization of the barycenter and of the McCann interpolants that permits the decomposition of the global problem under consideration into various local problems where the distance among successive distributions is small. These local problems can be formulated in terms of feature functions and shown to have a unique minimizer that solves a nonlinear system of equations. Both the theoretical underpinnings of the methodology and its practical implementation are developed, and illustrated with synthetic and real data sets. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A trust assurance technique for Internet of things based on human behavior compliance
Authors: Anisetti Marco , Ardagna Claudio Agostino , Damiani Ernesto , Sala Alessandro 
Published: June 2019

SummaryThe advent of the Internet of things (IoT) has radically changed the way in which computations and communications are carried out. People are just becoming another component of IoT environments, and in turn, IoT environments are becoming a mixture of platforms, software, services, things, and people. The price we pay for such dynamic and powerful environment is an intrinsic uncertainty and low trustworthiness due to its opaque perimeter, the multitude of different data sources with unknown providers, and uncertain responsibilities. Trustworthiness of observables collected by smart devices (from minuscle sensors to bigger machines) is fundamental to build a chain of trust on a decision process taken according to these observables. Some assurance solutions evaluate the quality of collected data, although they are difficult to apply in IoT environments for performance and cost reasons. In this paper, we take a different approach and put forward the idea that, in many cases, the behavior of people owning smart devices can contribute to the evaluation of the trustworthiness of collected data and, in turn, of the whole decision process. We therefore define an assurance methodology based on data analytics evaluating the compliance of people to behavioral policies. The more people behavior is compliant, the higher the trustworthiness of data collected through their smart devices.
Selective CO2 Conversion into Fuels on Nanochannels
Authors: Delgado Dario 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe purpose of this research idea is to develop a method to electrochemically convert carbon dioxide into higher alcohol chains such as ethanol to be used as fuel. Electrochemical CO2 reduction has low yields and poor product selectivity, being able to improve this reaction would have an impact in the energy and food market. We propose the use of a modified nanofluidic transistor to block reaction steps that are thermodynamically favored by constraining the kinetics of the reaction when the reaction takes place in a geometrically restricted environment with different double layer properties to those found in conventional planar electrosynthesis.
A Chirality/Light Dual‐Responsive Calixarene‐Functionalized Gold Surface for the Separation of Naproxen Enantiomers
Authors: Xu Pingping , Quan Jiaxin , Chen Wan , Zhang Jin , Yan Hewei , Liu Yanxiang , Tan Shiliang , Zeng Xiangfei , Li Haibing , Yang Guangfu 
Published: June 2019

AbstractChiral and photo‐responsive calix[4]arene (trans CAC4) host system that can be adsorbed onto gold surfaces was rationally designed and produced in quantitative yields. Chiral recognition through strong host–guest interaction between trans CAC4 and (R)‐naproxen was confirmed by fluorescence titration and 1H NMR analysis. Functionalization of the gold surface with trans CAC4 was demonstrated by increased contact angle and XPS measurement. Photoswitching by trans‐cis isomerization of CAC4 and CAC4‐modified gold surfaces was confirmed by UV‐vis spectroscopy and contact angle experiments. Trans CAC4‐modified gold surfaces showed selective adsorption towards (R)‐naproxen, while cis CAC4‐modified gold surfaces did not show any distinctive interaction with (R)/(S)‐naproxen. Langmuir isothermal plots and LSCM studies proved quantitative adsorption of (R)‐naproxen by the trans CAC4‐modified surface. This study demonstrated chiral recognition of a drug system by visual macroscopic changes, which may be used as a convenient methodology to separate bioactive enantiomers.
Glycolated Thiophene‐Tetrafluorophenylene Copolymers for Bioelectronic Applications: Synthesis by Direct Heteroarylation Polymerisation
Authors: Parr Zachary S. , Halaksa Roman , Finn Peter A. , Rashid Reem B. , Kovalenko Alexander , Weiter Martin , Rivnay Jonathan , Krajčovič Jozef , Nielsen Christian B. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractA series of copolymers containing a glycolated 1,4‐dithienyl‐2,3,5,6‐tetrafluorophenylene unit copolymerized with thiophene, bithiophene, thienothiophene and 1,2,4,5‐tetrafluorobenzene comonomer units were designed and synthesised by direct heteroarylation polymerisation. The optical, electrochemical, electrochromic and solid‐state structural properties of the copolymers were investigated. The copolymers exhibit stable redox properties in organic solvents and promising redox properties in thin film configuration with an aqueous electrolyte. Finally, the potential of the copolymers as active materials in organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) was assessed, and promising performance was shown as an accumulation‐mode OECT material with a peak transconductance of 0.17 mS and a good on/off ratio of 105 for the thiophene copolymer.
Synthesis, Characterization and Performance of Promising Energetic Materials Based on 1,3‐Oxazinane
Authors: Xue Qi , Bi Fuqiang , Zhai Lianjie , Guo Tao , Zhang Jiarong , Zhang Shengyong , Wang Bozhou , Zhang Junlin 
Published: June 2019

Abstract1,3‐oxazinane is an ideal framework for advanced energetic materials because of its compact skeleton and the presence of several modifiable sites. However, investigations on characterization and performance of 1,3‐oxazinane energetic compounds are extremely limited. Two heterocyclic 1,3‐oxazinane molecules were synthesized under different Mannich condensation processes and further reacted to form nitro‐ and azide‐substituted energetic compounds 3,5,5‐trinitro‐1,3‐oxazinane (TNTON) and 5‐azido‐3,5‐dinitro‐1,3‐oxazinane (ADTON), in good yields. Interestingly, the two energetic molecules showed distinct physical properties. ADTON shows an impressive glass transition temperature (Tg) as low as −46 °C with high density, which is highly suitable for rate‐accelerating materials. TNTON exhibits good thermal stabilities (melting point of 89 °C and a decomposition point of 231 °C) and highly insensitive behavior (38 J, 360 N). The theoretical detonation pressure of TNTON is ca. 63 % higher than that of TNT, indicating broad application prospects in melt‐cast explosives.
N‐Acetyl Cysteine Is Associated With Dopaminergic Improvement in Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Monti Daniel A. , Zabrecky George , Kremens Daniel , Liang Tsao‐Wei , Wintering Nancy A. , Bazzan Anthony J. , Zhong Li , Bowens Brendan K. , Chervoneva Inna , Intenzo Charles , Newberg Andrew B. 
Published: June 2019

This study assessed the biological and clinical effects in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) of N‐acetyl‐cysteine (NAC), the prodrug to l‐cysteine, a precursor to the natural biological antioxidant glutathione. Forty‐two patients with PD were randomized to either weekly intravenous infusions of NAC (50 mg/kg) plus oral doses (500 mg twice per day) for 3 months or standard of care only. Participants received prebrain and postbrain imaging with ioflupane (DaTscan) to measure dopamine transporter (DAT) binding. In the NAC group, significantly increased DAT binding was found in the caudate and putamen (mean increase from 3.4% to 8.3%) compared with controls (P < 0.05), along with significantly improved PD symptoms (P < 0.0001). The results suggest NAC may positively affect the dopaminergic system in patients with PD, with corresponding positive clinical effects. Larger scale studies are warranted.
An Update on Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for the Treatment of Major Depressive Disorder
Authors: Trevizol Alisson P. , Blumberger Daniel M. 
Published: June 2019

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has emerged as an evidenced‐based treatment for major depression that does not respond to standard first‐line therapies. The majority of data support the use of high‐frequency (10 Hz) treatment delivered to the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Intermittent theta burst stimulation is a new emerging treatment that reduces the time required to deliver treatment and can increase capacity and access to this treatment. This review will comprehensively cover recent advancements in the field of rTMS for depression, including stimulation parameters and targets aimed at enhancing outcomes. In addition, efforts to use modern neuroscience tools to personalize this treatment and optimize outcomes will be reviewed.
Impact of mothers’ experience and early‐life stress on aggression and cognition in adult male mice
Authors: Reshetnikov Vasiliy V. , Ryabushkina Yulia A. , Bondar Natalia P. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe postnatal period is important for brain development and behavioral programming. Here, we hypothesized that females’ stressful experience early in life can lead to disruption of mother–offspring interactions with their own progeny. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of mothers’ stressful experience, early‐life stress, or both on the behavior of adult male mice. In this study, female mice were allowed to raise their pups either without exposure to stress (normal rearing conditions, NC) or with exposure to maternal separation (3 hr/day, maternal separation, MS). Adult F1 female mice who had experienced MS (stressed mothers, SM) or had been reared normally (undisturbed mothers, UM) were used for generating F2 offspring, which was then exposed (or not exposed) to early‐life stress. We assessed anxiety‐like behavior, exploratory activity, locomotor activity, aggression, and cognition in four groups of adult F2 males (UM+NC, UM+MS, SM+NC, and SM+MS). We found that SM+MS males become more aggressive if agonistic contact is long enough; these results point to a change in their social coping strategy. Moreover, these aggressive males tended to show better long‐term spatial memory. Overall, our findings suggest that mothers’ early‐life experience may have important implications for the adult behavior of their offspring.