bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy and safety of oral atenolol for the treatment of infantile haemangioma: A systematic review
Authors: Wang Qi , Xiang Bo , Chen Siyuan , Ji Yi 
Published: December 2018

AbstractRecently, several studies have reported their experience in using oral atenolol in patients with infantile haemangioma (IH), especially as an alternative to propranolol, but the efficacy and safety of oral atenolol has not been evaluated. We searched PubMed (Medline), Central, Embase, Web of Science and EBSCOhost (until May 2018) for the eligible studies reporting more than 10 IH patients who were treated with oral atenolol with detailed original data, including outcomes, regimens and adverse events (AEs). The data was standardised and analysed by using R software with meta‐package. A total of 9 of 141 identified articles, including 341 infantile haemangioma patients treated with oral atenolol therapy, were included. The pooled response rate of atenolol was 0.90 (95% CI: 0.85–0.93), and the rebound rate was 0.11 (95% CI: 0.08–0.16). Among the 341 patients, 44 patients were switched to atenolol therapy from propranolol due to adverse events. The response rate of subsequent atenolol treatment was 90.9% (40/44). Regarding AEs, 141 patients reported 177 episodes of AEs, and the pooled rate was 0.26 (95% CI: 0.12–0.47). Gastrointestinal symptoms (e.g. constipation, diarrhoea and vomiting) were the most frequent AEs (22.6%). Widely known propranolol‐related AEs, including hypoglycaemia, bronchospasm, bradycardia and hypotension, were not recorded. Overall, atenolol appears to be an effective and safe therapy for the treatment of IH and may be a promising alternative to propranolol.
Radioimmunotherapy (RIT) for Follicular Lymphoma achieves long term lymphoma control in first line and at relapse: 8‐year follow‐up data of 281 patients from the international RIT‐registry
Authors: Hohloch Karin , Windemuth‐Kieselbach Christiane , Kolz Julia , Zinzani Pier Luigi , Cacchione Roberto , Jurczak Woijciech , Bischof Delaloye Angelika , Trümper Lorenz , Scholz Christian W. 
Published: December 2018

SummaryTo assess efficacy of radioimmunotherapy (RIT) in follicular lymphoma, data from 281 patients collected in the RIT Network, with a median follow‐up of 8·2 years after RIT were analysed. RIT was given at first line in 18·5% and at relapse in 81·5%. Following first line therapy, 76·9% achieved complete remission (CR), 9·6% partial remission (PR), 1·9% stable disease (SD) and 1·9% had progressive disease (PD); response was not documented in 9·7%. At relapse, the rate of CR was 48·5% and that of PR was 16·6%, SD 2·6% and PD 10·5%; response was not documented in 21·8%. After median follow‐up of 8·2 years, median progression‐free survival (PFS) for all was 2·54 years, median overall survival (OS) was not reached. Median PFS and OS (both not reached) were significantly better in first line, compared to RIT at relapse (PFS, 2·11 years; OS, 10·8 years; P = 0·0037 and P = 0·0021, respectively). Overall 8‐year PFS was 33·9%, 53·6% for first line and 29·6% for relapsed individuals. Overall 8‐year OS was 58·8%, 78·1% for first line and 54·5% for relapsed patients. Thirty‐five patients (12·5%) developed secondary malignancy and 16 patients (5·7%) experienced transformation into aggressive lymphoma. RIT is a safe and effective treatment option for follicular lymphoma, both at front line and relapse with an 8‐year PFS of 53·6% and 29·6%, respectively.
The combination of metformin and 2‐deoxyglucose significantly inhibits cyst formation in miniature pigs with polycystic kidney disease
Authors: Lian Xiaoying , Wu Xiaoyuan , Li Zhongxin , Zhang Yingjie , Song Kangkang , Cai Guangyan , Li Qinggang , Lin Shupeng , Chen Xiangmei , Bai Xue‐Yuan 
Published: December 2018

Background and PurposeThe pathogenic mechanism of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is unclear. Similar to tumour cells, polycystic kidney cells are primarily dependent on aerobic glycolysis for ATP production. Compared with rodents, miniature pigs are more similar to humans. This study is the first time to investigate the effects of the combination of metformin and 2‐deoxyglucose (2DG) in a pig model of chronic progressive ADPKD.Experimental ApproachA miniature pig ADPKD model was established by inducible deletion of the PKD1 gene. Blood, urine and kidney biopsy specimens were collected for analysis at specific times. The renal vesicle index was analysed by three‐dimensional reconstruction of CT scans. Markers of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and ERK signalling pathways and associated metabolism were detected by Western blots and colorimetry.Key ResultsThe three‐dimensional reconstruction of CT scans indicated a markedly lower renal vesicle index in the combination therapy group. Each drug intervention group showed a significantly lower serum creatinine and urinary protein/creatinine ratio. This treatment regimen also inhibited the activities of markers of the proliferation‐related mTOR and ERK pathways, and the expression of key enzymes involved in glycolysis, as well as reducing the production of ATP and lactic acid.Conclusions and ImplicationsThis study showed that the combination of metformin and 2DG blocked the formation of renal cysts and improved the renal function in ADPKD miniature pigs. Our results indicate that the combination of metformin and 2DG may be a promising therapeutic strategy in human ADPKD.
Discontinuity of Reference Hinders Children's Learning of New Words
Authors: Schwab Jessica F. , Lew‐Williams Casey 
Published: December 2018

When referring to objects, adults package words, sentences, and gestures in ways that shape children's learning. Here, to understand how continuity of reference shapes word learning, an adult taught new words to 4‐year‐old children (N = 120) using either clusters of references to the same object or no sequential references to each object. In three experiments, the adult used a combination of labels and other object references, which provided informative discourse (e.g., This is small and green), neutral discourse (e.g., This is really great), or no verbal discourse. Switching verbal references from one object to another interfered with learning relative to providing clustered references to a particular object, revealing that discontinuity in discourse hinders children's encoding of new words.
How many fingers am I holding up? The answer depends on children's language background
Authors: Nicoladis Elena , Marentette Paula , Pika Simone 
Published: December 2018

AbstractMonolingual English‐speaking preschool children tend to process number gestures as unanalyzed wholes rather than use the one‐to‐one (finger‐to‐quantity) correspondence. By school age, however, children can use the one‐to‐one correspondence. The purpose of the present studies was to test whether children learn one‐to‐one correspondence through exposure to a variety of finger configurations to convey a single quantity. In Study 1, we compared children with exposure to multiple one‐to‐one configurations, that is, French‐English and German‐English bilingual children, to English monolingual children who see consistent representations. As predicted, the bilingual children performed better in interpreting unconventional number gestures. In Study 2, we compared Chinese‐English bilingual children who knew arbitrary one‐handed Chinese numbers gestures for quantities 6–10 to Chinese‐English bilingual children who did not know these gestures, as well as to monolingual English speakers. Chinese‐English bilinguals who knew the arbitrary gestures were more likely to interpret unconventional gestures arbitrarily (i.e., influenced by the written and/or Chinese gesture forms). These children did not differ from English monolinguals in the interpretation of unconventional gestures. These results are consistent with the argument that children can become sensitive to the one‐to‐one correspondence in number gestures with exposure to multiple configurations for the same quantity.
Incidence and clinical signs of owner‐reported equine laminitis in a cohort of horses and ponies in Great Britain
Authors: Pollard D. , Wylie C. E. , Newton J. R. , Verheyen K. L. P. 
Published: December 2018

SummaryBackgroundPrevious robust epidemiological studies of equine laminitis have utilised only veterinary‐diagnosed episodes of disease, potentially underestimating true disease frequency.ObjectivesTo estimate the incidence of, and describe clinical signs associated with, owner‐reported active laminitis in horses/ponies, using both veterinary‐diagnosed and nonveterinary‐diagnosed episodes.Study designProspective cohort.MethodsData were collected from horse/pony owners in Great Britain between August 2014 and December 2016 using a web‐based application. The incidence of owner‐reported laminitis was estimated using both first incident and repeat episodes reported during the study period via a previously validated laminitis reporting form. Owner‐reported clinical signs present in these episodes were recorded.ResultsA total of 1070 horses/ponies contributed 1068 horse‐years at risk (HYAR) and 123 active laminitis episodes were reported in 97 animals. Sixty‐two of these episodes (50.4%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 41.6, 59.2%) were veterinary‐diagnosed and 75.3% (CI 66.7, 83.8%; n = 73) of horses/ponies reported to have laminitis during the study had a previous laminitis history. Overall owner‐reported first episode incidence was 9.6 episodes (CI 7.8, 11.7)/100 HYAR, whereas incidence including repeat episodes was 11.5 episodes (CI 9.7, 13.7)/100 HYAR. Laminitis occurred throughout the year with no significant differences between seasonal incidence estimates. Incidence was highest in Connemara and New Forest and lowest in Draught and Cob breed categories. The most prevalent owner‐reported clinical signs (≥70%) were difficulty turning and a short/stilted or lame walk. Laminitis was reported in all limbs, however; both forelimbs were most commonly affected (62.9%, CI 54.1, 71.7%; n = 73/116).Main limitationsSelf‐selection enrolment of participants may limit generalisability of the findings.ConclusionsLaminitis remains a considerable year‐round welfare issue of horses and ponies, with frequency estimates utilising owner‐reported data more representative of the true impact of the disease. The clinical signs reported by horse/pony owners were reflective of those previously described by veterinary surgeons.
Relating beta diversity of birds and butterflies in the Great Basin to spatial resolution, environmental variables and trait‐based groups
Authors: Yen Jian D. L. , Fleishman Erica , Fogarty Frank , Dobkin David S. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAimWe sought to characterize spatial and temporal beta diversity of birds and butterflies in the Great Basin (western U.S.A.) and to determine whether the magnitude of beta diversity was associated with spatial resolution, trait‐based groups or local environmental variables.LocationCentral and western Great Basin, western U.S.A.Time period1995–2014.Major taxa studiedBirds and butterflies.MethodsWe calculated temporal and spatial beta diversity of birds and butterflies at two spatial resolutions, points (birds) or transects (butterflies) and canyons (birds and butterflies). Points and transects corresponded to the spatial resolution of sampling, whereas canyons might be a more ecologically meaningful resolution. We partitioned beta diversity into turnover and nestedness components, and we calculated these components for entire assemblages and for trait‐based groups within assemblages. We used Bayesian hierarchical models to relate turnover and nestedness to spatial resolution, trait‐based groups and environmental variables.ResultsVariation in the composition of bird and butterfly assemblages was primarily associated with turnover. Species composition was more consistent at the resolution of canyons than at finer spatial resolutions. The species composition of birds changed more through space than through time, and spatial turnover of bird species tended to be higher than that of butterfly species. There were few strong associations of turnover and nestedness with environmental variables, and none with trait‐based groups.Main conclusionsOur results suggest that the identities of bird and butterfly species vary at locations within canyons among years but are less variable among canyons. Decreases in temporal turnover as spatial resolution increases suggest that, at fine spatial resolutions and among years, bird and butterfly species in the Great Basin might acquire resources somewhat opportunistically rather than via strong interspecific competition (birds and butterflies) or site tenacity to breeding territories (birds).
Social problems in daily life of patients with dementia
Authors: Terada Seishi , Nakashima Makoto , Wakutani Yosuke , Nakata Kenji , Kutoku Yumiko , Sunada Yoshihide , Kondo Keiko , Ishizu Hideki , Yokota Osamu , Maki Yohko , Hattori Hideyuki , Yamada Norihito 
Published: December 2018

AimMost patients with dementia frequently encounter various problems in their daily lives. Those troubles embarrass both the patients and their families, and cause problems for society. However, there have been few scientific reports on the difficulties in the daily life of patients with dementia. Therefore, we tried to clarify the frequency and characteristics of troubles experienced by patients with dementia.MethodsSeven medical centers treating dementia patients in Okayama Prefecture, Japan, participated in this survey. A total of 737 patients were placed in one of the three groups: a dementia group (n = 478), a mild cognitive impairment group (n = 199) and a control group (n = 60). The frequency of 13 difficulties was scored for each patient.ResultsAmong normal participants, no person caused these problems once a year or more frequently. “Massive, recurrent buying” and “acts that risk causing a fire” were reported once a year or more for >10% of mild cognitive impairment patients. “Troubles with wealth management” and “troubles with money management” were the most frequent problems of dementia patients.ConclusionsSeveral problems are already sometimes encountered in patients with mild cognitive impairment. It would be useful to know which social difficulties are often seen in dementia patients in order to protect the safety of the patients. It is always difficult to balance respecting the autonomy of dementia patients and ensuring their safely. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2019; 19: 113–118.
¿La acción climática destruye empleos? Efectos del objetivo de los 2 °C del Acuerdo de París en el empleo
Authors: MONTT Guillermo , WIEBE Kirsten S. , HARSDORFF Marek , SIMAS Moana , BONNET Antoine , WOOD Richard 
Published: December 2018

ResumenEl Acuerdo de París establece el objetivo de mantener el calentamiento global por debajo de los 2 °C a partir de los niveles preindustriales. Ello puede lograrse aumentando la proporción de energías renovables y la eficiencia energética, lo que implica una transformación del sector energético que tendrá un efecto en cadena en otros sectores. Mediante simulaciones basadas en una matriz insumo‐producto multirregionales se explora el impacto de esta transición en el empleo a escala mundial. En 2030, casi todas las economías experimentarán redistribución de puestos entre sectores económicos y creación neta de empleo, impulsada esta última por la construcción, las manufacturas y las energías renovables.
Cluster of invasive Mycobacteria chimaera infections following cardiac surgery demonstrating novel clinical features and risks of aortic valve replacement
Authors: Overton Kristen , Mennon Vidthyia , Mothobi Nomvuyo , Neild Blake , Martinez Elena , Masters Jeffrey , Grant Peter , Akhunji Zakir , Su Wei‐Yuen , Torda Adrienne , Whyte Claudia M. , Lloyd Andrew , Weatherall Chris , Hofmeyr Ann , Foo Hong , Brookes Kim , Marriott Debbie , Sintchenko Vitali , Clezy Kate , Konecny Pam , Post Jeffrey J. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThere is a global outbreak of infections due to Mycobacterium chimaera associated with cardiac surgery. The most serious infections involve prosthetic material implantation, and all have followed surgical procedures involving cardiopulmonary bypass. We describe a cluster of four cases following cardiac surgery at a tertiary referral centre in Sydney, Australia. We report novel clinical findings, including haemolysis and kidney rupture possibly related to immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome. The positive effect of corticosteroids on haemodynamic function in two cases and the failure of currently recommended antimicrobial therapy to sterilise prosthetic valve material in the absence of surgery despite months of treatment are also critically examined. Positron emission tomography was positive in two cases despite normal transoesophageal echocardiograms. The proportion of cases with M. chimaera infection after aortic valve replacement (4/890, 0.45%; 95% confidence interval 0.18–1.15%) was significantly higher than after all other cardiothoracic surgical procedures (0/2433, 0%; 95% confidence interval 0–0.16%).
Improving service delivery for neuromuscular diseases: a survey of consumers at a tertiary Australian hospital
Authors: Anderson James , Tay George , Denby George , Robinson Jan , Douglas James , Robinson Peter , Curtin Deanne 
Published: December 2018

AbstractPatients with neuromuscular diseases benefit from coordinated multidisciplinary care to achieve best outcomes. The integration of multi‐specialty healthcare delivered in a single clinic can be challenging for service providers due to cost and resource limitation. Our cross‐sectional survey of 53 adult patients with neuromuscular disease across Queensland revealed only 27% support the introduction of an integrated multidisciplinary clinic. The most cited reason for opposition to a multidisciplinary clinic was a perceived loss of contact with one's usual doctor. Modifying service delivery in neuromuscular disease is a complex undertaking and will need input from numerous stakeholders.
Low frequency drivers of the real interest rate: Empirical evidence for advanced economies
Authors: Busetti Fabio , Caivano Michele 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThis article presents an empirical analysis of the underlying drivers of the real interest rate in advanced economies since 1980. We adopt a band spectrum regression approach, which allows us to study the link between the real interest rate and its determinants only over low frequencies, leaving aside business cycle fluctuations and high frequency noise. Spectral regressions are pooled across countries, allowing for country fixed effects. Our findings indicate that most of the long‐term movements of real interest rates are explained by the evolution of total factor productivity (with a specific role for human capital accumulation) and demographic trends. Monetary policy and credit developments, instead, appear to play a limited part. According to our estimates, over recent years the natural rate of interest has remained positive in the United States and United Kingdom, but fell below zero in the euro area and Japan. Finally, the paper provides an empirical contribution to the debate on secular stagnation, suggesting that supply‐side mechanisms were one of the most significant factors behind the fall in income growth in the advanced economies over the last two decades.
Effect of Ti addition on the wetting and brazing of Sn0.3Ag0.7Cu filler on SiC ceramic
Authors: Li Mianmian , Song Xiaoguo , Hu Shengpeng , Chen Zubin , Song Yanyu , Niu Chaonan 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe wetting behavior of Sn0.3Ag0.7Cu (SAC) filler with the addition of Ti on SiC ceramic was investigated using sessile drop method. SiC/SiC was brazed by SAC‐Ti filler with different Ti content at 1223 K (950°C) for 10 minutes. The wettability of SAC‐Ti filler on SiC was significantly enhanced with the addition of Ti. The contact angle decreased at first and then increased with increasing Ti content. The lowest contact angle of 9° was obtained with SAC‐1.5Ti (wt%) filler. When Ti content further increased to 2.0 wt%, the contact angle increased, due to the intense reaction of Ti–Sn. The reaction between Ti and SiC controlled the wetting behavior of SAC‐Ti on the SiC substrate and the reaction products such as TiC and Ti5Si3 were formed. The wetting of SAC‐Ti on SiC was reaction‐controlled. Interfacial reaction products TiC and Ti5Si3 were observed. The wetting activation energy in spreading stage was calculated to be 129.3 kJ/mol. Completely filled SiC/SiC joints were obtained using the filler with Ti content higher than 0.5 wt%. The fillet height increased firstly then decreased with mounting Ti content. The shear strength of joints increased first with the addition of Ti then decreased with Ti content increasing to 2.0 wt%. The highest shear strength of 35.7 MPa was obtained with SAC‐1.5 Ti (wt%) filler.
Functional phase grading of ζ‐Ta4C3‐x: Kinetics and properties
Authors: Meeks Garrett J. , Cutler Raymond A. , Shetty Dinesh K. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractPhase‐graded carbides that exhibit high hardness and corrosion resistance on the surface and high fracture toughness in the bulk are useful in severe wear applications. A method for producing hard γ‐TaCy layer on the surface of a tough ζ‐Ta4C3‐x substrate by carburization is described in this study. The γ‐TaCy layer exhibited parabolic growth kinetics in the temperature and gas‐flow regimes investigated in this study. Analyses of the rate constants using a model of mass transport through two phases in equilibrium at the interface indicated diffusion of carbon through the product layer was the rate‐controlling step with diffusivities (1‐5 × 10−15 m2/s in the 1623‐1773K range) and enthalpy (213‐217 kJ/mol) matching those for carbon diffusion in γ‐TaCy. Nanohardness of the transformed γ‐TaCy layer increased as a function of distance from the carburized surface, with a maximum hardness occurring near the γ/ζ interface. Measurements of lattice parameters at different depths in the γ‐TaCy layer indicated that the hardness increase with depth was related to the increasing carbon deficiency of the γ‐TaCy phase through the thickness.
Solvent‐assisted ball milling for synthesizing solid electrolyte Li7P3S11
Authors: Xue Bai , Fan Bo , Li Bin , Chen Lu , Wang Fang , Luo Zhongkuan , Zhang Xianghua , Ma Hongli 
Published: December 2018

AbstractSolvent‐assisted ball milling is used to prepare the sulfide solid electrolyte Li7P3S11. Comparing with dry ball milling and simple liquid phase synthesis, solvent‐assisted ball milling can significantly promote the reaction of the starting materials from tens of hours to only several hours. When using dimethoxyethane as the assistant solvent, relatively pure Li7P3S11 with ionic conductivity of 1.0 × 10−4 S/cm can be synthesized after 8‐hour ball milling with following 2‐hour 180°C vacuum drying and 4‐hour 230°C heat treatment. It is revealed that the transition from the precursor to Li7P3S11 is a two‐step process, with an intermediate composed of a thio‐LISICON III analogous phase and an amorphous phase. This work not only provides a synthesis route of Li7P3S11 which reduces synthesis duration, but also offers an instructive insight into the phase evolution in solvent‐based synthesis process of sulfide solid electrolytes.