bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Parameter Constrain of Nonminimal Derivative Coupling of Scalar Field Using Strong Energy Condition
Authors: Taufani M. R. , Suroso A. , Zen F. P. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The study aims to determine the constrain of the coupling parameter/xi of nonminimal derivative coupling theory (NMDC) of scalar field. The calculation of the parameter was build from the strong energy conditions combined to modified Einstein theory(i.e. the scalar filed act as the external source of gravity beside the ideal fluid). The violation of strong energy condition (SEC) indicate the atrracting gravity phenomenon. Then one can expecting two equations that consist of of energy density ρ and the momentum p, then one defined the deacceleration q to these equation. The present value of cosmological constant such as Hubble constant H, q, and scale factor a need to be put into the equations to determine the boundaries of the strong energ. The results show the coupling parameter must be ξ ≥ 1.2 × 1034
s
2 for the SEC to be valid in the theory.
Determination of Environmental Condition in Universitas Pelita Harapan Based on Radon Concentration Analysis
Authors: Cahyadi L , Pangaribuan J , Junita  , Saputra K V I 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Radon Gas is the largest contributor to the annual effective dose received by humans, which is colorless, tasteless, and invisible to the eye. This gas is harmful and can cause lung cancer. Thus, we try to study the average concentration level of Radon Gas in 20 workspace rooms in two different buildings located at the same altitude that mostly made of different building materials. First are HRD workspace rooms in building A that are mostly partitioned and enclose with cemented walls and glasses. Second are FaST workspace rooms that are partitioned and enclose with gypsum. All of the rooms are equipped with air conditioner and lack air circulation. The concentration of radon gas is measured by a passive radon dosimeter equipped with a CR-39 detector. The detectors are placed in those 20 workspace rooms of Pelita Harapan University for 3 months. Radon gas levels obtained ranged from 37.95 ± 2.68Bq/m3 to 91.07 ± 6.44Bq/m3 with an average value of 58.39 ± 4.13Bq/m3. In average, concentration of Radon gas in offices at FaST is 67.543±4.775Bq/m3, which higher than average concentration of Radon gas offices at HRD that is 49.244±3.741Bq/m3. The higher concentration of Radon gas that is 91.07 ± 6.44Bq/m3 is found in room named FaST 1, which have lack air circulation, enclose in 4 sides with gypsum, and packed with boxes. The lowest concentration of Radon gas that is 37.95±2.68Bq/m3 is found in room named FaST 7, which enclose in 4 sides with glasses and contains only several tables and chairs. Yet, the measured concentration of Radon gas is still below the threshold recommended by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), which is 1000Bq/m3.
One-Dimensional Motion Analysis of a Cylinder with a Magnetic Dipole Inside an External Magnetic Field
Authors: Setiadi Bram Yohanes , Viridi Sparisoma 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Electromagnetism has evolved from only a science into an inseparable part of our daily life, nowadays. One kind of benefit of it is the use of magnetic field as an energy source of any physical movements. A motion analysis system was designed and built in this experiment. It consists of a solenoid, two cylinders made from acrylic where magnet chips are inserted within them, and a rail track or container for the cylinders. The goal of this research is to observe and specify the types of motion produced by the cylinder as a response of external magnetic fields from the solenoid. The dependent variables include starting position and starting angle of the cylinder, the amount of magnet chips injected, and the voltage used to supply the solenoids. The motion is a rolling motion, consisting of translational and rotational motions. The rolling motion that we observed is divided into two types, pure and with slipping, while later is divided again into translational and rotational dominance.
Optical Characteristic Properties of Probiotic Drink Using Spectrophotometer UV/Vis and FTIR
Authors: Sitorus Rizqa , Herman  , Hendro  
Published: October 2019

Abstract
This research aims to qualitively observe the light absorbtion response from probiotic drink to several spectra of electromagnetic waves. This absorption response will later be related to physical properties of probiotic drink. The Observations in the infrared region used Bruker ATR Alpha FTIR Spectrometer while the observations in the UV and visible light region used Thermo Scientific Evolution 220 UV-Visible Spectrophotometer. The measuring time was done until there is a change in probiotic drink absorption. The measurement results obtained were in the form of the transmittance spectrum of the wavelength. Measurements in the infrared region showed some probiotic drink content such as protein at ~6123 nm, lactose at ∼9532 nm, and glucose at wave number ∼1100-800 cm−1. In the UV region, it is related to the reduction amount of protein while visible light region was associated with changes in the constituent particles of probiotic drink along with changes in pH. All observations refer to the literature. The results of this observation certainly do not represent all the contents of probiotic drink but this method can also be utilized for freshness detection of other similar drinks that contain milk.
Structural properties of bismuth ferrite synthesized by sol-gel method with variation of calcination temperature
Authors: Abdillah M N , Triyono D 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The effect of calcination temperature (500°, 600° and 700°C) on structural properties of BiFeO3 synthesized by sol-gel method was studied. The structure of BiFeO3 sample was investigated by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman scattering spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and supported by UV-Visible spectrophotometry (UV-Vis) analysis. The XRD analysis revealed the stability of single-phase hexagonal crystal structure with R3c space group in calcination condition of 700°C. The Raman spectroscopy observed the presence of Fe–O stretching which is also confirmed by FTIR analysis. UV-Vis measurement described the slightly increasing of gap energy as calcination temperature increase.
Detection of idden defects in low-k dielectrics by atomic force microscopy
Authors: Ovchinnikov I S , Vorotilov K A , Seregin D S , Yu Dalskaya G 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
A new nondestructive technique for detection of latent defects in the interlevel low-k dielectric using atomic-force microscopy in the PFQNM mode with a lateral resolution of 8 [nm] is proposed. It has been established that cavities embedded in the dielectric structure influence the magnitude of the detected deformation (from 1.1 to 3.5 [nm]) and the Young’s modulus (from 5.5 to 1.5 [GPa]). It is shown that this method allows to detect defects in the structure of a low-k dielectric located at a depth of 50 [nm] under the surface.
Detection of inhomogeneities in biological tissues using radio wave tomography
Authors: Eremeev A I , Shipilov S E 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The paper shows the method for detecting and mapping inhomogeneities in biological tissues with using the radio-wave tomosynthesis. The method of radio-wave tomosynthesis allows calculating a three-dimensional distribution of permittivity in a studying space. The distribution gives the opportunity to determine tissue inhomogeneities, also their location and size. This method is suitable for dynamic observation of changes in education size due to harmlessness to humans. Unlike X-ray methods, for which regular doses of ionizing radiation contraindicated. Therefore, the development of non-invasive methods for the search for inhomogeneities in biological media based on radio-wave sounding is very relevant.
Development of a model fiber-optic sensor of the external action on the basis of diffraction gratings with variable parameters of the system
Authors: Sh Madi P , Kalytka V A , Alkina A D , Nurmaganbetova M T 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Physical and mathematical model of the control system parameters of the optical signal using the sensor of the external action on the basis of a diffraction grating with variable characteristics (the lattice period; the width of the transparent strip (zone); width of the absorbing strip (zone)) are developing. A mathematical model of the diffraction grating is constructed on the basis of equations to calculate the resulting intensity and amplitude of the interference light passing through the grating. For the model of a lattice with a round hole, equations containing special functions of the Bessel function type, calculated numerically by calculating convergent infinite power series and integrals which are not calculated analytically, are proposed. The degree of accuracy of the developed model is determined by the severity of the underlying fundamental equations of theoretical and mathematical physics.
Method of calculation of diagnostic signs based on the results of densitometry of spherical lung formations
Authors: Molodkin I V , Yakunin A G , Shayduk A M 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The article presents a method for obtaining quantitative signs of pulmonary pathology, based on the analysis of medical imaging computed tomography. These signs may be suitable for the differential diagnosis of spherical lung formations. In particular, the possibility of diagnosing cancer and pulmonary tuberculosis was investigated by quantitative statistical characteristics of images of spherical lung formations. Two of these characteristics (the densitometric value and its standard deviation) can be called classical, since modern basic software of computer tomographs can easily calculate them. In addition, characteristics were considered, for which it is necessary to carry out additional calculations using fractal analysis. The article presents the results of a study of the relationship of statistical and fractal characteristics of a tomographic image with the type of pathology in the lungs. The results of a statistical analysis of the fractal dimension of the region of interest and its related parameters are presented, and signs are found suitable for the diagnosis of pulmonary pathologies.
Research of high power output ultrasonic generator operation features
Authors: Muksunov T R , Yu Kuzmenko I , Ya Suhanov D 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Harmonic signal of a given frequency and amplitude is required for ultrasonic instrument operation.At a power output of 200 W there is a need to refine the scheme because of negative effects which could be neglected at lower power.This article shows an introduction of changes to the transformer switching circuit generating high power ultrasonic signal.
Classification of Arabica Java Coffee Beans Based on Their Origin using NIR Spectroscopy
Authors: Kurniawan F , Budiastra I W , Sutrisno  , Widyotomo S 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The NIR spectroscopy for characterization and classification of intact Java arabica coffee beans based on their origin is proposed. Commonly, NIR spectroscopy is used to determine composition of agricultural products including coffee. Three kinds of Java arabica coffee beans namely Arabica Java Preanger, Arabica Bondowoso and Arabica Malang were used in this research. Three hundred samples, each consisted of 100 g coffee beans were prepared. The coffee beans of 100 g were placed in petri dish and the light reflectances of intact coffee beans were measured by FT-NIR spectrometer at the wavelength of 1000-2500 nm. After reflectance measurement, the samples were subjected to composition analysis using proximate and Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry. The reflectance and absorbance spectra were processed by five spectra data pretreatments (smoothing, first derivative, second derivative, Standard Normal Variate (SNV), Multiple Scatter Correction (MSC)) and then Principle Component Analysis (PCA) were carried out. Discriminant analysis (DA) of Principle Components were developed to classify coffee beans based on their origin. The results show that the spectra data treatments of SNV and MSC of reflectance spectra and PC analysis using PC1 and PC2 gave the best results for discriminating three kinds of coffee beans. The DA of three principle components of reflectance data processed by SNV and MSC could classify arabica coffee beans accurately (100%). This results shows that NIR spectroscopy can be used as a nondestructive method to classify arabica coffee beans based on their origin.
Minimally Processed for Cassava Browning Inhibition by Ascorbic Acid and Oxygen Absorbent
Authors: Winanti D D T , Darmawati E , Syarief R 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The objective of this study was to examine the use of ascorbic acid and oxygen absorbent as anti browning agent for minimally processed cassava. The solution of 0% and 1% (w/v) ascorbic acid combined with packaging treatment by adding oxygen absorbent (+OA) and without oxygen absorbent (-OA) were use as anti browning system. Peeled cassava was dipped in the solutions for 30 minutes then packed into polyethylene plastic with packaging treatment and stored at 5°C. The results showed that dipping in 1% ascorbic acid solutions and oxygen absorbent packaging treatment could inhibit oxidation of polyphenol oxidase (PPO) of minimally processed cassava indicated by lower Browning Index.
The Volatile Components and Rice Quality of Three Indonesian Aromatics Local Paddy
Authors: Indrasari S D , Purwaningsih  , Jumali  , Handoko D D , Kusbiantoro B 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The purpose of this research was to study the post-harvest analysis of local aromatic rice variety of AnakDaro, CicihMerah, and Mandoti covering the volatile component, physical and milling quality, and the physicochemical properties of rice. The research materials were obtained from local farmer in West Sumatera, South Sulawesi, and Bali. The analysis was conducted at the Rice Quality Laboratory at Indonesian Center for Rice Research (ICRR), Sukamandi, West Java. The results indicated that AnakDaro was extracted with Likens- Nickerson had a 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline amount (13.79 ppb) higher than that of Mandoti and CicihMerah. The extraction technique with Likens Nickerson has the best recovery compared to SPME (Solid Phase Microextraction) and maceration. In general there are differences in physical quality of grain and rice, milled quality and rice protein content of AnakDaro, Mandoti and CicihMerah. AnakDaro had high amylose content and hard cooked rice texture in cold conditions. CicihMerah had high amylose content with soft cooked rice texture in cold conditions. Mandoti had a very low amylose content with a very soft cooked rice texture in cold conditions. The characteristic of gelatinization temperature of Anak Daro and CicihMerah were high (> 74°C) while Mandoti was moderate (70-74°C).
Effect of Fermentation using Lactobacillus casei on the Physicochemical and Functional Properties of Sorghum Flour
Authors: Adiandri R S , Hidayah N 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Sorghum is one of the high carbohydrate food sources that is still underutilized for processed food products due to its anti-nutritional content and functional properties. Fermentation is one of the processes that can reduce anti-nutritional content and improve the functional properties of sorghum flour. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Lactobacillus casei fermentation on the physicochemical and functional properties of sorghum flour. Sorghum used in this study was a local variety of KD-4 from Lamongan Dictrict, East Java. The experimental design used was Completely Randomized Design with two factors and three replication. The first factor was the concentration of bacteria in soaking water (0.05%; 0.10%; 0.15%, and 0.20% of the volume of water) and the second factor was the fermentation period (4, 8 and 12 hours). The results showed that concentration of bacteria and fermentation period generally affected the physicochemical and functional properties of sorghum flour. Increasing concentrations of bacteria and fermentation period tended to decrease tannin content, starch, amylopectin, and water and oil absorption but increased the value of whiteness, dietary fiber, amylose, and viscosity of sorghum flour.
The Effect of 1-Methylcyclopropene Treatment on Shallot Physiological Process and Qeight Loss
Authors: Kailaku S I , Broto W , Iriani E S , Diputra A S , Nuraeni F 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Fresh-handling treatment using 1- Methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) has been proven effective in controlling respiration process of various horticultural commodities, helping to extend shelf-life for storage and transportation purpose. The effect of 1 -MCP treatment on shallot (A llium ascalonicum L. ) had yet been studied. It was expected to delay maturity, prevent negative effects of ethylene, and inhibit senescence by blocking ethylene receptor. The objective of this research was to study the effects of 1-MCP on the physiological process and weight loss of shallot. The research was preceded by the determination of 1 -MCP dosage, i.e. 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, and 2.5 g. The best dosage was then used in the 1-MCP treatment on shallot. The duration of treatment was 0, 6, 18, 30, and 42 hours. Observation of physiological process was done to respiration rate (CO2) and ethylene production rate. Weight loss was also observed. The best dosage of 1-MCP was 2.5g with the content of 437.78 ppm. On the main experiment, 18 hours of treatment had the lowest but statistically the same respiration rate compared to other duration, and statistically different with the shallot without treatment. For ethylene production rate, 18 hours of treatment had the best effect and statistically different with the ones without treatment. Shallot with different treatments also showed insignificant different on weight loss, but were significantly different with shallot without treatment. Without treatment, the quality of shallot was dropped after 70 days of storage, while all the quality of treated shallot was maintained up to 84 days. It was concluded that 1 -MCP treatment was effective in controlling respiration rate and ethylene production rate. However, different duration of 1-MCP treatment had not showed different effects on shallot physiological process and weight loss.
Development of Local Food Biodiversity of Nata De Taro from Talas Beneng (Xanthosoma undipes k. koch.)
Authors: Hakiki D N , Rostianti T , Nasir  , Nursuciyoni  
Published: October 2019

Abstract
This research aimed to produce and formulate nata from Talas Beneng with different concentration ofAcetobacter xylinum. The raw material of talas beneng extract to starch then its residual water boiled, added 5% sucrose, 2% acetate acid and 1% ZA. Then it cooled until 25 °C, added Acetobacter xylinum, and fermented for 13 days. The concentration of Acetobacter xylinum addition with four levels namely 10%, 15%, 20 % and 25%. The parameters were physical analysis (yield,thickness, and hardness), chemical (crude fiber), and organoleptic (appearance, texture, flavor, and taste). The results showed that the addition of 25% concentration of Acetobacter xylinum was the highest yield and thickness as 30.98%, and 9.55 mm, then it has crude fiber 4.89% and hardness 0.1 mm/g.s. For organoleptic evaluation, the addition of 25% concentration of Acetobacter xylinum showed appearance, flavor, texture, and taste higher than others treatment.
The Effects of tapioca starch-chitosan-palm olein composite edible film on the quality of milk candy during storage
Authors: Pratama Y , Hintono A , Rizqiati H 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Edible film usage has been growing to replace the non-environmental friendly plastic packaging. It can be applied as primary packaging in confectionary/candy products. The current study objective was to evaluate the quality changes of milk candy product which was wrapped using tapioca starch (TS) – chitosan (CH) – palm olein (PO) composite edible film as its primary packaging. Milk candy was produced from the caramelization of UHT bovine milk, sugar and margarine mixture. Various TS-CH-PO composite film solutions were prepared with different CH concentrations i.e. 0.6%, 0.8%, 1.0% and 1.2% (w/v). The solutions were homogenized and dry casted on a teflon-coated pan, resulting in edible film. Milk candy wrapped in edible film and control were stored at ambient temperature and analyzed periodically for its quality changes. Data were collected from 3 repetitions and presented as a descriptive analysis. The resulted edible films had thickness of 0.036-0.053 mm and water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) of 0.038-0.042 g/hr. After 22 storage days, weight loss of control sample was 1.87% while the best treatment observed from 0.8% CH with 0.98% loss. The moisture content decrease for control and best treatment were 4.1% and 1.4%, respectively. Milk candy hardness showed an initial sharp increase followed by steady decrease pattern. The highest hardness value after 22 days storage amongst the treated samples was 3553 N from 0.8% CH concentration. The increase in total plate count of control was 2.25 logs CFU/g while the best treated sample showed an increase of 0.67 logs CFU/g after 8 days of storage. TS-CH-PO composite edible film has shown the ability to retard the negative quality changes of milk candy during storage.
Effect of α-Amylase and Glucoamylase Enzymes on Chemical Qualities of Vinegar from Banana Peel
Authors: Juniawati  , Widaningrum  , Usmiati S , Sandrasari D A 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The rate of banana consumption in Indonesia is reported to be increased. Abundant banana peels causes environmental problem. Peels of banana still have the potential to be utilized in the making of vinegar. Banana peels have high contents of fiber and carbohydrate, however breakage of polysaccharide bonds with enzyme is necessary. The α-amylase and glucoamylase are suitable enzymes to optimally break the polysaccharide bonds. The objective of this research was to determine the effect of α-amylase and glucoamylase on chemical qualities of banana-peel vinegar. The experimental design used was a Block Randomized Design with two factors and three replications. The ‘A’ factor was concentration of α-amylase at three levels (0.05%; 0.1%; 0.15%). The ‘B’ factor was concentration of glucoamylase at two levels (0.1%; 0.15%). Observation parameters included reducing-sugar, concentration of alcohol and acetic acid, and pH values. The high level of acetic acid was obtained from A2B1 (0.10% α-amylase; 0.10% glucoamylase) with an average value of 4.05% and pH of 3.52 on day-30 of fermentation period. An average value of reducing-sugar level on day-1 was 0.55% (g/ml) accompanied by alcohol content reduction of 0.386%. The best quality of banana-peel vinegar was resulted from the A2B1 treatment (0.10% α-amylase, 0.10% glucoamylase). Good quality vinegar was characterized by its aqueous liquid form, acetic acid odor with level at least 4%, residual alcohol at maximum level of 10%. The study has implications for the utilization of banana peel waste as natural preservatives.