bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Agroecological transition delivers win-win outcomes for people and nature
Authors: Berger Iris , Kamble Ajit , Morton Oscar , Raj Varsha , Nair Sayuj , Edwards David , Wauchope Hannah , Joshi Viral , Basu Parthiba , Smith Barbara , Dicks Lynn 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The Global Biodiversity Framework promotes agroecological farming approaches, yet rigorous system-wide evaluations of agroecological programmes are urgently needed to balance the entwined but partially competing Sustainable Development Goals of curbing food insecurity, improving human well-being, and tackling biodiversity loss. We focus on the largest agroecological transition globally — the 64,000 km2 government-incentivised zero-budget natural farming (ZBNF) programme in India — to co-analyse socio-economic and biodiversity impacts. ZBNF more than doubled farmers’ economic profits and maintained comparable crop yields. Bird biodiversity outcomes were improved, with the densities of bird species and functional guilds involved in pest control and seed dispersal increasing; although natural forests remain essential to sustaining populations of forest-specialised species. Trade-offs between bird densities and landscape-scale yields and profit were substantially less pronounced in ZBNF than in conventional, agrichemical-based farming systems, underscoring the benefits of agroecological interventions with aligned protection of natural ecosystems.
The Impact of Nurses' Intercultural Sensitivity on Care Satisfaction of Syrian Refugee Patients
Authors: KARA BİRCAN , KARA Sercan , UĞUR Mustafa 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Introduction: The intercultural nursing approach aims to provide holistic care that respects cultural values and lifestyle. In a globalizing world, the level of intercultural sensitivity of nurses also affects the quality of care.
Method: The present descriptive and correlational study was conducted with 191 nurses and 200 refugee patients. Data on the level of intercultural sensitivity of nurses and care satisfaction of refugee patients receiving care were collected.
Results: It was determined that barriers such as language, cultural differences and communication negatively affect the care satisfaction of the refugees they care for, and that nurses' working experience increases respect for different cultures.
Discussion: In line with these results, in order to increase the cultural sensitivity of nurses, it is recommended to provide trainings for the patient groups they care for, to establish separate application units for refugees in institutions and to employ nurses trained in intercultural nursing in these units.
Neoadjuvant CAN-2409 plus Prodrug in Combination with Standard of Care Chemoradiation for
Borderline Resectable Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Nichols William , Manzanera Andrea , Bloomston Mark , Rosas-Camargo Vanessa , Huitzil-Melendez Fidel David , Rao Shangbang , Dwyer Jessica , Barone Francesca , Tak Paul 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains a deadly form of cancer because of its cold and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. A previous phase 1b clinical trial showed that treatment with CAN-2409 plus valacyclovir induced a significant increase in tumor infiltrating lymphocytes in the tumor. We report the findings of a randomized controlled phase 2a clinical trial of CAN-2409 plus valacyclovir with standard of care (SoC) for borderline resectable PDAC. Estimated median overall survival was 28.8 months in the CAN-2409 group versus 12.5 months in controls. There was systemic immune activation and formation of lymphocyte aggregates that resemble tertiary lymphoid structures in the test arm, but not in controls.
ClinicalTrials.gov registration: NCT02446093
HMGB1 Box A gene therapy to alleviate bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats
Authors: Patarat Rathasapa , Chuaybudda Suchanart , Yasom Sakawdaurn , Mutirangura Apiwat 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background:Pulmonary fibrosis is characterized by the destruction of normal lung tissue and then replacement by abnormal fibrous tissue, leading to an overall decrease in gas exchange function. The effective treatment for pulmonary fibrosis remains unknown. The upstream pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis may involve cellular senescence of the lung tissue. Previously, a new gene therapy technology using Box A of the HMGB1 plasmid (Box A) was used to reverse cellular senescence and cure liver fibrosis in aged rats.
Methods:Here, we show that Box A is a promising medicine for the treatment of lung fibrosis. In a bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis rat model, Student's t‐test and one-way ANOVA was used for comparisons among groups of samples.
Results: Box A effectively lowered fibrous tissue deposits (from 18.74±0.62 to 3.45±1.19%) and senescent cells (from 3.74±0.40% to 0.89±0.18%) to levels comparable to those of the negative control group. Moreover, after eight weeks, Box A also increased the production of the surfactant protein C (from 3.60±1.68% to 6.82±0.65%).
Conclusions Our results demonstrate that Box A is a promising therapeutic approach for pulmonary fibrosis and other senescence-promoted fibrotic lesions.
WITHDRAWN: Excess Mortality in Alzheimer’s Patients on Anti-Aβ Monoclonal Antibodies
Authors: Dwivedi Alok K , Abanto Jesus , Schneider Lon S. , Herrup Karl , Schrag Matthew , Widera Eric , Mahajan Abhimanyu , Howard Robert , Espay Alberto J. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

13 November, 2024 Editorial Update. Based on additional information received, Research Square has changed the withdrawal status of this preprint from an author-initiated withdrawal to an editorial withdrawal. This action was taken due to a breach of our preprint terms of service, which require consent from all listed authors prior to submission.
Cinnamon Leaves Extract as an Effective Inhibitor for Mild Steel Corrosion in Pickling Bath Environments
Authors: Senthooran Rathiga , Priyantha Namal 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Inhibition effect of acidic extracts of cinnamon leaves for mild steel corrosion in HCl solutions of different concentrations was investigated using mass loss measurements, electrochemical impedance spectroscopic (EIS) analysis and potentiodynamic polarization studies at ambient temperature. According to mass loss measurements, 60 g dm− 3 extract shows excellent inhibition efficiency up to 90% after 24 h immersion in all tested acid concentrations. The charge transfer resistance (Rct) of mild steel electrodes obtained by electrochemical impedance spectroscopic measurements is found to be increased and the current density obtained by potentiodynamic polarization studies is decreased significantly in the presence of the extract. These studies suggest that the inhibition effect observed is due to the adsorption of corrosion-resistive components of the cinnamon leaf extract on the mild steel surface, which follows the Langmuir adsorption isotherm.
Single-molecule characterisation of soluble beta-amyloid aggregate binding by Aducanumab, Lecanemab, Gantenerumab, and Donanemab
Authors: Klenerman David , Fertan Emre , Lam Jeff , Albertini Giulia , Dewilde Maarten , Wu Yunzhao , Akingbade Oluwatomi , Böken Dorothea , English Elizabeth , De Strooper Bart 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Monoclonal antibodies Aducanumab, Lecanemab, Gantenerumab, and Donanemab have been developed for treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. Here, we have used single-molecule detection techniques and super-resolution imaging to characterise the binding of these antibodies to beta-amyloid aggregates including human post-mortem brain samples. Lecanemab is the best antibody in terms of binding to the small-soluble beta-amyloid aggregates, affinity, aggregate coating, and the ability to bind to post-translationally modified species, explaining its therapeutic success.
Intra-household Bargaining and Gender Role Attitudes in Uruguay
Authors: Amábile Florencia 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

This paper analyzes the impact of intra-household bargaining on the labor supply of heterosexual couples with different divisions of domestic work. The research aims to compare the decision-making process in families with traditional and egalitarian gender role attitudes toward the division of domestic work. The collective model of labor supply with distribution factors is estimated using data from Uruguay from the year 2019. The findings indicate that couples of all types are sensitive to bargaining power shifts, as measured by the education and non-labor income gaps between partners and the type of partnership (marriage vs. cohabitation). These results suggest that households with a more egalitarian division of domestic work tend to assign a larger share of non-labor income to women after the negotiation process, highlighting the significant role of gender norms and intra-household dynamics in determining labor supply decisions, with key policy implications for promoting gender equality in labor markets.
JEL Classification: D13, J16, J22
Phenophasic model of mango using weather variables and remote sensing
Authors: SINHA ANKITA , Ajithkumar B , Vysakh Arjun , A Aswini , Sriniva K , P Lincy Davis , R Riya K , R Sarath 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Mango (Mangifera indica L.) is of great economic importance, especially in India, where diverse agroclimatic conditions support the cultivation of numerous varieties, solidifying the nation's leading position in the global market. In Muthalamada, Kerala, unique geographic and climatic factors enable early mango production, offering a market edge. However, in recent years, due to climate variability, a change in mango phenology has been observed in this region, which has affected yield and reduced market price. This study investigated the phenology of mango plants in 35 orchards in Muthalamada, Kerala, during the 2023–2024 season. Four major commercial varieties, namely, Alphonso, Sindhooram, Banganpalli, and Totapuri, were analyzed during key stages such as leaf bud development, inflorescence emergence, flowering, and fruit development through the pea, marble, and maturity stages until harvest. Weather variables—maximum temperature (Tmax), minimum temperature (Tmin), rainfall (RF), mean relative humidity (RH), wind speed (WS), bright sunshine hours (BSS)—and remote sensing indices—Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Land Surface Temperature (LST)—were used to assess their influence on mango phenophases. The variation in NDVI values across different phenological stages for all farms was analyzed using single-factor Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The analysis showed that higher minimum temperatures (Tmin) can reduce the number of days to inflorescence emergence in Banganpalli, Alphonso, and Totapuri, while increased maximum temperatures (Tmax) can delay peak flowering in Banganpalli, Alphonso, and Sindhooram. Bright sunshine hours (BSS) can increase duration, whereas rainfall (RF) and relative humidity (RH) shorten the time to pea-size stage and marble stage. Increases in Tmax, Tmin, and BSS can delay the duration of maturity and harvest. Higher Land Surface Temperature (LST) can increase vegetative growth and delay flowering. Lower NDVI values indicate shorter phenophase durations, while higher NDVI values indicate extended phenological durations. The ANOVA results (F = 156.16, P < 0.001) indicate significant variation in NDVI across phenological stages. The results showed that the study can be used for phenophasic assessment of mango.
A Cross-Sectional Online Survey: Exploring the patient perspective of community pharmacies delivering care to ethnically diverse individuals with disabilities
Authors: Nguyen Cambrey B , Melton Brittany , Villa Kristin 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), more than one in four people live with a disability in the US, and 76.8% of adults with disabilities encounter barriers that prevent access to available healthcare. To reduce inequities, healthcare professionals are encouraged to provide patient-centered and culturally responsive care.
Aim
This study was a prospective, cross-sectional, questionnaire-based study that obtained patient perception of community pharmacies providing culturally responsive care to ethnically diverse patients with disabilities.
Methods
Respondents were recruited by Qualtrics to complete an anonymous, nationwide, online survey from August 7 to August 14, 2024. The survey asked for demographic information, frequency of encounters with the pharmacy, perception of quality of care based on their identities (ethnicity, disability), barriers in obtaining medications, and suggestions to improve services. Demographics were reported using descriptive statistics and the Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare Likert scale responses.
Results
A total of 1218 respondents completed the survey; 200 self-identified as white, non-Hispanic without disabilities which served as the control and 1018 patients were from an ethnically diverse background with a disability (n = 518) or without disabilities (n = 500). Overall, the median age was 41 years and 66% of respondents were female. In all of the cohorts, over 50% of respondents were satisfied with the quality of care provided by pharmacists and pharmacy staff. Barriers identified were communication issues (specific to hearing) and the limited physical space for patients in wheelchairs. Patients suggested increased diversity of staff members in the pharmacy along with training for pharmacists and staff on the needs of those with disabilities.
Conclusions
Patients reported positive experiences related to their race, ethnicity, and disability status when interacting with the pharmacy; however, many barriers and other considerations were noted by respondents that may improve their care and experiences.
An analytic model for TC4 titanium alloy tube bending springback considering temperature effects
Authors: Li Huitao , Wang Zhineng , Bin Guangfu , Tian Jing , Chen Renzhen , Ling Weiming , Ling Yaocheng 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Existing theoretical models for tube bending springback can hardly accurately predict the springback under warm bending conditions. Thus, a springback model was proposed by considering temperature effects. Specifically, the influence of temperature on the material performance was analyzed. Secondly, the area formulas of the tensile plastic zone and elastic zone of the outside section as well as that of the compressive plastic zone of the inside section during the formation of tube bending under temperature effects were derived. Furthermore, the stress distribution characteristics of the above zones were calculated. Then, a theoretical springback model of tube warm bending springback angle was established according to the mechanical equilibrium equation in the springback process. This new model was verified by finite element simulations and warm bending forming experiments of TC4 titanium alloy tubes. Results show that the prediction accuracy of this new model has reached 93%. Moreover, a higher temperature results in a smaller springback angle because it reduces tubes’ elastic layer area and axial stress. Above all, this research clarifies the problem of the unclear springback mechanism under the effect of long-term temperature rise, which provides a reference for subsequent research.
Understanding factors influencing safety and team functionality at operative vaginal birth through multidisciplinary perspectives: A mixed methods study.
Authors: Skinner Sasha , Kippen Eleanor , Rolnik Daniel , Neil Peter , Hodges Ryan , Murray Nadine , Mol Ben , Kumar Arunaz 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background: Operative vaginal birth (OVB) relies on effective teamwork to optimise outcomes. This study aims to explore providers’ perspectives of factors influencing safety and team functionality at OVB.
Methods: This mixed methods study involved four maternity sites at Monash Health, Australia. Surveys sent to healthcare providers invited quantitative and qualitative appraisal of safety and team functionality at OVB. Semi-structured interviews further explored themes emerging from survey responses. Categorical survey data were compared between staff roles using Pearson’s chi-squared tests. Thematic analysis of free-text survey responses and interviews identified themes influencing safety and team functionality at OVB.
Findings: We received 100 survey responses from obstetric (n=41), midwifery (n=52) and paediatric (n=7) staff, including senior (n=49) and junior (n=51) roles. Overall, 99% thought team communication should improve and 82% had witnessed practices outside protocol. Obstetric versus midwifery or paediatric staff were less likely to rate communication as low or very low quality (5% vs. 29%, p=0.010). Reporting being extremely or very confident to escalate concerns was more likely in obstetric versus midwifery or paediatric staff (49% vs.12%, p=0.003) and senior versus junior staff (44% vs. 10%, p=0.008). Five overarching themes impacted on team functionality at OVB; (1) Calibre of communication, (2) Preparation and risk assessment, (3) Leadership and interpersonal dynamics, (4) Transfer from Birth Unit to Operating Theatre, (5) Variation in clinical practice.
Discussion: Some care providers perspectives of team functionality at OVB differed, with midwifery and paediatric staff more likely to report challenges with communication and were less empowered to escalate concerns. Training in factors impacting team functionality at OVB should be considered.
Genome-wide identification and functional analysis of the bHLH gene family in five fern species
Authors: Huang Xiong , Fan Jiangtao , Liu Cai , Wang Peiyun , Li Hongfei , Wang Gang , Chen Xiaohong 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
The bHLH transcription factors are involved in the biosynthesis of a variety of secondary metabolites, but genome-wide studies on the bHLH gene family in ferns and its role in lignin biosynthesis are still scarce. As one of the few tree ferns with a distinct trunk, the study of potential genes regulating lignin synthesis in Alsophila spinulosa can help to deepen the understanding of the growth and development mechanism of Alsophila spinulosa trunk.
Results
Herein, we conducted a systematic study of bHLH gene families in five ferns, including 186 in Alsophila spinulosa, 130 in Adiantum capillus, 107 in Azolla filiculoides, 71 in Salvinia cucullata, and 67 in Ceratopteris richardii. based on phylogenetic analysis, all bHLH genes were classified into 28 subgroups. The number of bHLH members in different ferns was closely related to their growth patterns and life habits, with the number in tree ferns being much larger than in other ferns. In addition, we identified tandem duplication in C. richardii and A. capillus as a key driver of their bHLH gene diversity, whereas in A. spinulosa, segmental duplication contributed more to gene expansion and evolution. Most of the bHLH genes in ferns are in a state of purifying selection. In addition, AspbHLHs gene expression showed tissue-specific patterns, suggesting that it has rich and diverse functions in plant growth and development and metabolite synthesis. We also focused on three genes, AspbHLH80, 120, and 185, which are specifically highly expressed in xylem, and the results of WGCNA and downstream target gene prediction indicate that they may have regulatory roles in lignin synthesis.
Conclusion
The present study conducted a comprehensive bioinformatics survey of the bHLH family in five representative ferns and revealed the expression patterns of AspbHLH genes among different tissues as well as potential evidence in the involvement of lignin synthesis. This study provides important clues for further analysis of the mechanism and regulatory network of xylem formation in ferns, enriches our understanding of the genome evolution and functional properties of ferns, and provides some broad references for bHLH gene families studies in other ferns.
Adverse Pregnancy Experiences and Antenatal Depression: Mediation by Stress and Anxiety
Authors: Guan Ziqi , Li Jun , Lin Zherui , Zhang Leyi , Ji Dan , Huang Yanan , Xi Juzhe , Fang Wenli 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Women experience a range of challenging emotions during pregnancy, such as anxiety and depression, especially for the woman with a history of adverse pregnant experience. This study investigates the mental health impact of negative pregnancy experiences on antenatal women, focusing on the relationships between negative pregnancy events, perceived stress, pregnancy-related anxiety, and depression.
Methods
A total of 2,307 pregnant women participated in this cross-sectional study. Data were collected from hospital outpatient obstetrics and gynecology clinics by online questionnaires.
Results
Perceived stress and pregnancy-related anxiety served as mediators linking otherwise weakly correlated negative pregnant experiences and antenatal depression. Significant differences in BMI were observed across subgroups, moderating the impact of negative pregnancy events on depression.
Conclusions
Our findings underscore the mediating effects of perceived stress, and pregnancy-related anxiety in the relationship of negative pregnant experiences and antenatal depression. Interventions should address multiple perspectives, focusing on alleviating stress and anxiety to improve the mental health and reproductive willingness of women with adverse pregnancy experiences
Effects of the scheduled exercise on clock gene-related circulating miRNAs in human
Authors: Ren Lei , Chen Yuanxiang , Yu Lei 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objective
Clock genes play an important role in the regulation of physiological function. Previous studies have found that scheduled exercise can effectively affect the molecular circadian clock in peripheral tissues. However, the mechanisms by which exercise affects clock genes are still not well understood. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) can be affected by exercise and regulate the expression of clock genes. Thus, we hypothesized that scheduled exercise could affect the level of miRNAs to regulate the molecular circadian clock.
Methods
Forty-six young healthy men were recruited. The relative changes of miRNAs in the blood of these individuals were tested after a scheduled exercise or sitting quietly as control. Then, an analysis to identify miRNAs that were differentially expressed between the two groups was performed. Next, the relationship of clock genes and the differentially expressed miRNAs were confirmed, and the co-expression relationships among the miRNAs and their target clock genes were analyzed via one-tailed Pearson analyses.
Results
Among the detected miRNAs, four of them hsa-miR-24, hsa-miR-107, hsa-miR-206, hsa-miR-142-3p had significant fold changes between scheduled exercise group and control group. And these four miRNAs have been reported that they can regulate the expression of core clock genes. Furthermore, correlation analysis showed that, in addition to hsa-miR-206, the contents of the other three miRNAs were linear dependence with their target core clock genes.
Conclusions
Our results suggest that the effect of scheduled exercise on miRNAs is related to molecular circadian clock and represent a new approach for interfering with clock genes.