bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of nod‐like receptor protein‐3 single nucleotide gene polymorphisms and expression with the susceptibility to relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis
Authors: Imani Danyal , Azimi Amirreza , Salehi Zahra , Rezaei Nima , Emamnejad Rahimeh , Sadr Maryam , Izad Maryam 
Published: September 2018

AbstractNod‐like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is a multi‐protein complex that controls the production of pro‐inflammatory cytokines, IL‐18 and IL‐1β, through caspase‐1 activation. These inflammatory cytokines play an important role in the development of multiple sclerosis (MS). The inflammasome NLRP3 gene variations and expression level have been suggested to affect the immune system activity. This case–control study was performed to determine the association of NLRP3 genetic variants and differential expression with MS. We analysed four common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of NLRP3 (rs‐10754558, rs‐35829419, rs‐3806265, rs‐4612666) in a group of 150 Iranian patients with relapsing–remitting MS (RRMS) in comparison with 100 healthy controls. The genotyping was performed using the TaqMan method. For the analysis of NLRP3 gene expression level, we studied a group of 37 RRMS patients (18 patients at relapse phase and 19 at remission phase, treated with IFN‐β) in comparison with 22 healthy controls using real‐time PCR. In this study, we found that NLRP3 rs3806265 C allele and CC genotype were significantly more frequent in the RRMS patients (p value = 0.03 OR = 1.66, 95% CI = 1.14–2.43) and p value = 0.04, OR = 3.26, 95% CI = 1.19–8.93, respectively), while the frequency of T allele significantly decreased in controls (p value = 0.03, OR = 0.6, 95% CI = 0.41–0.87). The frequency of CG genotype at position rs10754558 was also significantly higher in the controls compared with patients (p value = 0.03, OR = 0.5, 95% CI = 0.30–0.80). Moreover, expression level of the NLRP3 in patients at remission phase was significantly reduced in comparison with patients at relapse phase and also healthy controls (p = 0.01 and p = 0.04, respectively). The association of NLRP3 polymorphisms with the susceptibility of MS and its reduced expression after IFN‐β therapy, support the idea that NLRP3 inflammasome could have a critical role in inflammatory responses in MS.
The immunophenotypic characteristics and flow cytometric scoring system of acute myeloid leukemia with t(8;21) (q22;q22); RUNX1‐RUNX1T1
Authors: Shang Lei , Chen Xuejing , liu Yan , Cai Xiaojin , Shi Yin , Shi Lihui , Li Yuanyuan , Song Zhen , Zheng Bin , Sun Wanchen , Ru Kun , Mi Yingchang , Wang Jianxiang , Wang Huijun 
Published: September 2018

AbstractIntroductionThe translocation t(8;21) is one of the most frequent chromosome translocations in AML. Molecular (cyto)genetics is regarded as the gold standard for diagnosis. However, due to the complicated variety of AML‐related genetic abnormalities, comprehensive screening for all of these abnormalities may not be cost‐effective. Therefore, a flow cytometric (FC) scoring system was generated in this study for rapid screening and diagnosis of t(8;21)AML.MethodsThe immunophenotypic characteristics of leukemic cells and neutrophils in cases with t(8;21) AML or other subtypes of AML were analyzed to find a method for the flow diagnosis of t(8;21) AML.ResultsIn this study, we picked six FC features pointing to the diagnosis of t(8;21) AML: The blasts show high‐intensity expression of CD34; aberrant expression of CD19, cCD79a, and CD56 in myeloblasts; co‐expression of CD56 in neutrophils, especially in immature neutrophils; and a maturity disturbance in granulocytes. A six‐point score was devised using these features. By ROC analysis, the AUC was 0.952, and the sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV were 0.86, 0.90. 0.91, and 0.84 when the score was ≥3 points. The score was then prospectively validated on an independent cohort, and the AUC of the ROC curve for the validation cohort was 0.975. When the cutoff value was set at 3, the obtained sensitivity and specificity values were 0.91 and 0.94, respectively.ConclusionsThe FC score described can be used for the identification and rapid screening of t(8;21) AML.
Pharmacy-based management of influenza: lessons learned from research
Authors: Klepser Michael E , Adams Alex J 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Recently, several jurisdictions have pursued legislative and regulatory changes to allow pharmacy-based influenza management models in which pharmacists can initiate appropriate antiviral therapy in community pharmacy settings. While studies have been published in Canada, Japan, New Zealand, Norway and the United States, concerns have been expressed over pharmacist training, the accuracy of rapid influenza diagnostic tests, and the potential impact on antimicrobial resistance, among others. Studies have demonstrated that pharmacists provide safe and effective influenza management, with high rates of patient satisfaction, while maintaining or improving antimicrobial stewardship.
Predisposing Factors for Elevated Restricted and Repetitive Behavior in Typically Developing Toddlers
Authors: Larkin Fionnuala , Meins Elizabeth , Leekam Susan R. 
Published: September 2018

Little is known about the relation between levels of restricted and repetitive behavior (RRB) in infants and parent factors. The present study investigated maternal and psychosocial factors (depressive symptoms, socio‐economic status, social support) and mother–infant engagement factors (mind‐mindedness, sensitivity, and infant–mother attachment security) as predictors of children's RRB at age 26 months in a sample of 206 mothers and children. Maternal depressive symptoms predicted levels of sensory and motor repetitive behavior and rigid, routinized, and ritualistic repetitive behavior. Lower socioeconomic status also predicted independent variance in children's sensory and motor repetitive behavior. The relations between maternal depressive symptoms and both types of RRB were not mediated through observational measures of maternal sensitivity or mind‐mindedness at 8 months, or attachment security at 15 months. The results are discussed in terms of whether stress regulation, self‐stimulation, and genetic susceptibility can help explain the observed link between maternal depressive symptoms and RRB in the child.
Improving essay peer grading accuracy in massive open online courses using personalized weights from student's engagement and performance
Authors: García‐Martínez Carlos , Cerezo Rebeca , Bermúdez Manuel , Romero Cristóbal 
Published: September 2018

AbstractMost massive open online courses (MOOC) use simple schemes for aggregating peer grades, taking the mean or the median, or compute weights from information other than the instructor's opinion about the students' knowledge. To reduce the difference between the instructor and students' aggregated scores, some proposals compute specific weights to aggregate the peer grades. In this work, we analyse the use of students' engagement and performance measures to compute personalized weights and study the validity of the aggregated scores produced by these common functions, mean, and median, together with two others from the information retrieval field, the geometric and harmonic means. To test this procedure, we have analysed data from a MOOC about Philosophy. The course had 1,059 students registered, and 91 participated in a peer review process that consisted in writing an essay and rating three of their peers using a rubric. We compared the aggregation scores obtained using weighted and nonweighted versions of the functions. Our results show that the correlation between the aggregated scores and the instructor's grades can be improved in relation to peer grading, when using the median and weights are computed according to students' performance in chapter tests.
Changes in cell differentiation and proliferation lead to production of abzymes in EAE mice treated with DNA–Histone complexes
Authors: Aulova Kseniya S. , Toporkova Ludmila B. , Lopatnikova Julia A. , Alshevskaya Alina A. , Sedykh Sergey E. , Buneva Valentina N. , Budde Thomas , Meuth Sven G. , Popova Nelly A. , Orlovskaya Irina A. , Nevinsky Georgy A. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractExperimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE)‐prone C57BL/6 mice are used as a model of human multiple sclerosis. We immunize mice with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG), DNA–histone and DNA‐methylated bovine serum albumin (met‐BSA) complexes to reveal different characteristics of EAE development including bone marrow lymphocyte proliferation and differentiation profiles of hematopoietic stem cells. Immunization of C57BL/6 mice with MOG35‐55 results in the acceleration of EAE development. Anti‐DNA antibodies are usually directed against DNA–histone complexes resulting from cell apoptosis. During the acute EAE phase (7‐20 days after immunization), catalytic antibodies efficiently hydrolysing myelin basic protein (MBP), MOG and DNA are produced with parallel suppression of antibodies hydrolysing histones. We could show that in contrast to MOG, immunization with histone‐DNA results in a reduction of proteinuria, a significant increase in anti‐DNA, anti‐MBP and anti‐MOG antibody titres, as well as an increase in their catalytic activities for antigen hydrolysis, but slightly changes the concentration of cytokines. Contrary to MOG, DNA–histone and DNA‐met‐BSA only stimulated the formation of anti‐DNA antibodies hydrolysing DNA with a long delay (15‐20 days after immunization). Our data indicate that for C57BL/6 mice immunization with DNA‐met‐BSA and DNA–histone complexes may have opposing effects compared to MOG. DNA–histone stimulates the appearance of histone‐hydrolysing abzymes in the acute EAE phase, while abzymes with DNase activity appear at significantly later time‐points. We conclude that MOG, DNA–histone and DNA‐met‐BSA have different effects on numerous bone marrow, cellular, immunological and biochemical parameters of immunized mice, but all antigens finally significantly stimulate the development of the EAE.
Significant differences in maternal carotenoid provisioning and effects on offspring fitness in Chinook salmon colour morphs
Authors: Lehnert Sarah J. , Garver Kyle A. , Richard Jon , Devlin Robert H. , Lajoie Celine , Pitcher Trevor E. , Heath Daniel D. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractIn oviparous species, maternal carotenoid provisioning can deliver diverse fitness benefits to offspring via increased survival, growth and immune function. Despite demonstrated advantages of carotenoids, large intra‐ and interspecific variation in carotenoid utilization exists, suggesting trade‐offs associated with carotenoids. In Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), extreme variation in carotenoid utilization delineates two colour morphs (red and white) that differ genetically in their ability to deposit carotenoids into tissues. Here, we take advantage of this natural variation to examine how large differences in maternal carotenoid provisioning influence offspring fitness. Using a full factorial breeding design crossing morphs and common‐garden rearing, we measured differences in a suite of fitness‐related traits, including survival, growth, viral susceptibility and host response, in offspring of red (carotenoid‐rich eggs) and white (carotenoid‐poor eggs) females. Eggs of red females had significantly higher carotenoid content than those of white females (6× more); however, this did not translate into measurable differences in offspring fitness. Given that white Chinook salmon may have evolved to counteract their maternal carotenoid deficiency, we also examined the relationship between egg carotenoid content and offspring fitness within each morph separately. Egg carotenoids only had a positive effect within the red morph on survival to eyed‐egg (earliest measured trait), but not within the white morph. Although previous work shows that white females benefit from reduced egg predation, our study also supports a hypothesis that white Chinook salmon have evolved additional mechanisms to improve egg survival despite low carotenoids, providing novel insight into evolutionary mechanisms that maintain this stable polymorphism.
A commentary on Martin's “What matters in ‘multimorbidity’? Arguably resilience and personal health experience are central to quality of life and optimizing survival.” J. Eval. Clin. Pract. 2016; 1–3
Authors: Walker Christine 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThis is a commentary on Martin's 2016 article on “What matters in ‘multimorbidity’.” The relationship between self‐reported health and resilience is an important recognition of how all health professionals can work productively with their patients within a shared decision framework.
Involvement of SRF coactivator MKL2 in BDNF‐mediated activation of the synaptic activity‐responsive element in the Arc gene
Authors: Kikuchi Keietsu , Ihara Daisuke , Fukuchi Mamoru , Tanabe Hiroki , Ishibashi Yuta , Tsujii Junya , Tsuda Masaaki , Kaneda Marisa , Sakagami Hiroyuki , Okuno Hiroyuki , Bito Haruhiko , Yamazaki Yuya , Ishikawa Mitsuru , Tabuchi Akiko 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe expression of immediate early genes (IEGs) is thought to be an essential molecular basis of neuronal plasticity for higher brain function. Many IEGs contain serum response element in their transcriptional regulatory regions and their expression is controlled by serum response factor (SRF). SRF is known to play a role in concert with transcriptional cofactors. However, little is known about how SRF cofactors regulate IEG expression during the process of neuronal plasticity. We hypothesized that one of the SRF‐regulated neuronal IEGs, activity‐regulated cytoskeleton‐associated protein (Arc; also termed Arg3.1), is regulated by an SRF coactivator, megakaryoblastic leukemia (MKL). To test this hypothesis, we initially investigated which binding site of the transcription factor or SRF cofactor contributes to brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)‐induced Arc gene transcription in cultured cortical neurons using transfection and reporter assays. We found that BDNF caused robust induction of Arc gene transcription through a cAMP response element, binding site of myocyte enhancer factor 2, and binding site of SRF in an Arc enhancer, the synaptic activity‐responsive element (SARE). Regardless of the requirement for the SRF‐binding site, the binding site of a ternary complex factor, another SRF cofactor, did not affect BDNF‐mediated Arc gene transcription. In contrast, chromatin immunoprecipitation revealed occupation of MKL at the SARE. Furthermore, knockdown of MKL2, but not MKL1, significantly decreased BDNF‐mediated activation of the SARE. Taken together, these findings suggest a novel mechanism by which MKL2 controls the Arc SARE in response to BDNF stimulation.
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Molecular cloning and characterisation of an isotocin paralogue ([V8] isotocin) in catfishes (superorder Ostariophysi): Origin traced likely to the fish‐specific whole genome duplication
Authors: Banerjee Putul , Chaube Radha , Joy Keerikkattil Paily 
Published: September 2018

The present study reports the molecular cloning of a previously uncharacterised neurohypophyseal nonapeptide precursor cDNA in two catfish species: Heteropneustes fossilis and Clarias batrachus. The deduced nonapeptide is CYISNCPVG ([V8] isotocin), which has not been reported in any vertebrate till date. Phylogenetic and conserved synteny analyses showed the gene to have originated from the isotocin precursor (pro‐it) gene by fish‐specific whole genome duplication (3R). The two isotocin lineages have been designated as pro‐ita (new gene) and pro‐itb (conventional it gene). All teleost groups may not possess both pro‐ita and pro‐itb and the pattern of losses/retention was found to be lineage‐specific. Quantitative reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction studies showed the expression of the pro‐ita gene in the brain and ovary of H. fossilis. In situ hybridisation studies localised the pro‐ita transcripts in the nucleus preopticus of the hypothalamus and the follicular layer (theca‐granulosa) of oocytes, comprising tissues in which pro‐itb and vasotocin precursor (pro‐vt) mRNA expression was previously reported. The transcript levels varied with the reproductive stage and a high abundance was found in both brain and ovary during the breeding phase. The substitution of valine in place of isoleucine at the eighth position in Ita may have modified the ligand‐receptor interaction, leading to sub‐functionalisation and the retention of the gene in catfishes.
One‐year follow‐up results of hair removal using an 810 nm diode laser
Authors: Goldberg David J. 
Published: September 2018

SummaryIntroductionLaser hair removal is a common light‐based aesthetic procedure. Diode lasers and specifically the long‐pulse diode laser 810 nm are the most popular preference for hair removal due to the deep penetration and targeting of the hair follicle. In a recently published article, we presented our hair removal clinical evaluation results using an 810 nm scanning diode laser. Three‐ and six‐month follow‐up hair counts demonstrated an average hair reduction of about 70%.ObjectiveIn the current article, we demonstrate long‐term follow‐up hair removal results of 1 year after last treatment.MethodsAmong 11 out of 14 female patients who received three axillary hair removal treatments, 4‐6 weeks apart, returned to the 1‐year follow‐up visit. Treatment area photographs and hair count of 1‐year follow‐up visit were compared to baseline.ResultsThe average hair count reduction of about 70% at 1 year after the last treatment was maintained.ConclusionsThe examined 810 nm diode laser has been proven to be a safe and effective for hair removal. Results sustain not only for 3 or 6 months but also for 1 year after last treatment.
Innovation Offshoring, Institutional Context and Innovation Performance: A Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Rosenbusch Nina , Gusenbauer Michael , Hatak Isabella , Fink Matthias , Meyer Klaus E. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractInnovation offshoring (IO) has become a widespread management practice. Yet, evidence on the performance implications is inconsistent, and scattered across disciplines and contexts. We argue that the benefits firms can derive from IO depend on the institutional environment at home. Drawing on recent work on institutional theory in international business, we explore institutions that facilitate reverse knowledge transfer and/or institutional arbitrage with respect to innovation‐related activities. The results of our meta‐analysis that synthesizes evidence from 48 samples show that IO is related positively to innovation performance. As predicted, this relationship is moderated by differences in the institutional environments across countries. Specifically, when national innovation systems are weak at home, IO appears to enable institutional arbitrage strategy whereas Confucian cultures enable more effective reverse knowledge transfer. However, contrary to our expectations, the beneficial effects of IO appear to have diminished over time.
Extracellular vesicle microRNA cargo is correlated with HPV status in oropharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Peacock Ben , Rigby Alice , Bradford James , Pink Ryan , Hunter Keith , Lambert Daniel , Hunt Stuart 
Published: September 2018

BackgroundThe incidence of human papilloma virus positive (HPV+) oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) has increased rapidly in recent decades. These tumours have a favourable outcome compared to HPV‐negative (HPV−) OPSCC. However, HPV+ tumours are more likely to metastasise to distant sites, suggesting a difference in how these tumour subtypes interact with the metastatic niche. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as important players in cell‐to‐cell communication and are a potential source of biomarkers for cancer diagnosis. This study aims to characterise the microRNA cargo of small EVs released by HPV+ and HPV− OPSCC cell lines.MethodsExtracellular vesicles produced by HPV+ (SCC2 and SCC90) and HPV− (SCC72 an SCC89) OPSCC cells were characterised by tunable resistive pulse sensing (TRPS) and western blotting. RNA was extracted from EVs and analysed by small RNA sequencing. A bioinformatics approach was used to identify EV miRNA signatures associated with HPV status.ResultsHPV− OPSCC cells produced more EVs than HPV+ OPSCC cells. EVs were positive for the common EV markers CD63, CD9 and TSG101. Unbiased hierarchical clustering analysis of EV miRNA cargo revealed that samples clustered based on HPV status. 14 miRNA were enriched in HPV+ cell‐derived EVs, whereas 19 miRNA were enriched in EVs derived from HPV− cell lines.ConclusionsHere, we identify EV miRNA signatures indicative of the HPV status of the parent cell. This may provide a platform from which to validate salivary or blood‐based biomarkers with utility for early detection and stratifying risk in OPSCC patients.
Source method biases as implicit personality theory at the domain and facet levels
Authors: McCrae Robert R. , Mõttus René , Hřebíčková Martina , Realo Anu , Allik Jüri 
Published: September 2018

AbstractObjectiveWe tested predictions about the structure and magnitude of method biases in single‐source personality trait assessments. We expected a large number of distinct biases that would parallel the observed structure of traits, at both facet and item levels.MethodWe analyzed multimethod ratings on the Estonian NEO Personality Inventory‐3 in a sample of 3,214 adults. By subtracting informant ratings from self‐reports, we eliminated true score variance and analyzed the size and structure of the residual method biases. We replicated analyses using data (N = 709) from the Czech Revised NEO Personality Inventory.ResultsThe magnitude of method biases was consistent with predictions by McCrae (2018, Psychological Assessment). Factor analyses at the facet level showed a clear replication of the normative Five‐Factor Model structure in both samples. Item factor analyses within domains showed that facet‐level method biases mimicked the facet structure of the instrument.ConclusionsMethod biases apparently reflect implicit personality theory (IPT)—beliefs about how traits and trait indicators covary. We discuss the (collective) accuracy and possible origins of IPT. Because method biases limit the accuracy of single‐source assessments, we recommend assessments that combine information from two or more informants.