bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of content and intensity of thought on behavioral and pupil changes during active mind-wandering, off-focus, and on-task states
Authors: Jubera-García Esperanza , Gevers Wim , Van Opstal Filip 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Mind wandering (MW) is a pervasive phenomenon that occurs very frequently, regardless of the task. A content-based definition of MW holds that it occurs when the content of thought switches from an ongoing task and/or an external stimulus-driven event to self-generated or inner thoughts. A recent account suggests that the transition between these different states of attention occurs via an off-focus state. Following this suggestion, previous work relating MW to pupil size might have lumped attentional states that are critically different from each (i.e., off-focus and MW states). In the present study, both behavior and pupil size were measured during a sustained-attention-to-response task, to disentangle the content of thought (on task or MW) from an off-focus state of mind. The off-focus state was operationalized by probing the intensity with which participants were on task or mind-wandering. The results of two experiments showed that the behavioral and phasic pupillary responses were sensitive to changes related to the content of thought. The behavioral responses were furthermore related to the intensity of the thought. However, no clear relation between the different attentional states and tonic pupillary diameter was found, suggesting that it is an unreliable proxy for MW.
Prises de participations et performances des entreprises familiales
Authors: Mercier-Suissa Catherine , Jarrar Hajer , Salloum Charbel , Alexandre Laurice 
Published: September 2019

Cette recherche a pour objectif d’analyser l’influence de la prise de participation familiale en matière de propriété, de gestion et de conseil d’administration sur la performance des entreprises familiales. Les avantages et les inconvénients de la participation de la famille au capital et à la gestion de l’entreprise ont révélé l’existence d’effets non-linéaires, créés par ces deux variables, sur la performance. Une analyse de régression sur un échantillon de 97 entreprises a permis de révéler d’une part, une corrélation quadratique négative entre la prise de participation de la famille dans la gestion et la performance, et d’autre part, l’absence de relation liant la prise de participation de la famille dans le capital et la performance financière.
Probability Model of the Inaccuracy of Residual Stromal Thickness Prediction to Reduce the Risk of Ectasia After LASIK Part I: Quantifying Individual Risk
Authors: Reinstein Dan Z , Srivannaboon Sabong , Archer Timothy J , Silverman Ronald H , Sutton Hugo , Coleman D Jackson 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To measure the imprecision of microkeratome cuts, preoperative corneal pachymetry, and laser ablation depth and develop a statistical model to describe the probability of the residual stromal bed thickness (RST) after myopic LASIK being significantly thinner than predicted.
METHODS: Preoperative corneal thickness, flap thickness, ablation depth, and RST were measured in 36 eyes by a prototype three-dimensional very high-frequency (VHF) 50 MHz digital ultrasound scanning device (<1.2 µm precision), precursor to the commercially available Artemis 2. All eyes had undergone LASIK with the Moria LSK-One microkeratome and the NIDEK EC-5000 excimer laser. Based on the statistically combined uncertainty (standard deviation) and bias (accuracy to intended value) of corneal thickness measurement, flap thickness, and ablation depth, a continuous probability function was devised describing the chance of obtaining an actual RST less than a specified "cut-off." The model was applied using the data collected from the cohort of eyes. The model was also applied using published flap thickness statistics on a series of microkeratomes.
RESULTS: Precision (standard deviation) was 0.74 µm for VHF digital ultrasound measurement of pachymetry, 30.3 µm for Moria LSK-One flap thickness, and 11.2 µm for NIDEK EC-5000 ablation depth. Assuming negligible laser ablation depth bias, the model found the probability that the actual RST will be <200 µm given a target RST of 250 µm is 7.56% with the Moria LSK-One. The model applied to published flap statistics revealed a range of probabilities of leaving <200 µm given a target RST of 250 µm from <0.01% to 33.6%.
CONCLUSIONS: The choice of microkeratome, laser, and pachymeter has a significant impact on the variation of the depth of keratectomy and thus on the risk of ectasia. This model together with high-precision microkeratomes, preoperative pachymetry, and knowledge of laser ablation precision would enable surgeons to determine the specific imprecision of RST prediction for individual LASIK cases and minimize the risk of ectasia. [J Refract Surg. 2006;22:851-860.]
Ten-year Follow-up of 360° Intrastromal Corneal Rings for Myopia
Authors: Schwartz Andrew P , Tinio Bernard O , Esmail Fatema , Babayan Alejandro , Naikoo Huma N , Asbell Penny A 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To determine the safety, efficacy, and stability of intrastromal corneal rings 10 years after placement for myopia.
METHODS: Ten eyes with myopia treated with the placement of 360° complete intrastromal corneal rings with the ends sutured together were evaluated at 10-year follow-up for the following: uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), best spectacle-corrected visual acuity (BSCVA), manifest refraction spherical equivalent (MRSE), induced manifest refractive cylinder, keratometry readings, slit-lamp findings, and ultrasound central pachymetry. Ten-year data were compared to 1-year results to assess visual stability over time.
RESULTS: No statistically significant difference was noted between UCVA at 1 year and 10 years. At the 10year examination, 90% of patients had BSCVA ≥20/25 and 100% had BSCVA ≥20/30. There was no statistically significant difference between MRSE at 1 year and 10 years. At the 10-year examination, induced manifest refractive cylinder was >1.00 diopter (D) in 0% of eyes and ≤0.25 D in 60% of eyes. There was no statistically significant difference between mean central keratometric power at 1-year follow-up compared with 10-year follow-up. No statistically significant difference was noted in central corneal thickness between 1 and 10 years in the eyes studied.
CONCLUSIONS: Intrastromal corneal rings are an effective and stable method of correcting mild myopia based on optic parameters. [J Refract Surg. 2006;22:878-883.]
Clinical Results With the Medennium Phakic Refractive Lens for the Correction of High Myopia
Authors: Jongsareejit Amporn 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To evaluate the predictability, safety, stability, complications, and biocompatibility of the phakic refractive lens (PRL) as a posterior chamber intraocular lens to correct high myopia.
METHODS: Fifty eyes of 31 patients who underwent posterior chamber PRL implantation were evaluated prospectively. Mean preoperative myopia was -12.54 ±4.22 diopters (D) (range: -4.50 to -23.50 D) and mean astigmatic refractive power was -1.38±1.24 D (range: -1.00 to -4.50 D). Surgical implantation was performed through a 3.0- to 4.0-mm clear cornea sutureless incision using parabulbar (sub-Tenon's) anesthesia. Intra- and postoperative complications were recorded.
RESULTS: Three months after surgery, the mean spherical equivalent refraction was -0.21±0.42 D (range: +1.00 to -1.75 D). At 6 and 12 months, mean spherical equivalent refraction was -0.23±0.38 D (range: 0 to -1.25 D). At the last examination, uncorrected visual acuity was ≥20/40 in 41 (82%) eyes and ≥20/20 in 22 (44%) eyes. Best spectacle-corrected visual acuity (BSCVA) was ≥20/40 in 42 (84%) eyes and ≥20/20 in 27 (54%) eyes. Comparison of pre- and postoperative BSCVA at 12 months showed that 12 (36.4%) of 33 eyes gained ≥1 lines of BSCVA and 7 (21.2%) of 33 eyes gained ≥2 lines. One (2%) eye developed anterior subcapsular cataract requiring lens exchange, and 1 (2%) eye developed acute angle closure glaucoma requiring YAG-iridotomy. One (2%) eye developed macular hemorrhage.
CONCLUSIONS: At 6 months and 1 and 2 years, PRL implantation yielded encouraging visual and refractive results with excellent biocompatibility. The efficacy, stability, and short-term safety of this lens was established. Serious complications, such as cataract and acute angle closure glaucoma, may occur, and long-term safety needs to be evaluated. [J Refract Surg. 2006;22:890-897.]
Laceration and Partial Dislocation of LASIK Flaps 7 and 4 Years Postoperatively With 20/20 Visual Acuity After Repair
Authors: Jin George J C , Merkley Kevin H 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To report two cases of late ocular trauma resulting in laceration of corneal flaps 7 and 4 years (cases 1 and 2, respectively) after LASIK.
METHODS: A 49-year-old man sustained laceration of the flap and interface foreign body debris from construction material in the right eye 7 years after uneventful LASIK (case 1). A 33-year-old man had partial dislocation of the flap 4 years after LASIK in the left eye (case 2) due to a penetrating wood chip accident. Surgical procedures were performed to remove the foreign bodies and reposition the flaps.
RESULTS: In case 1, postoperative uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) was 20/25 with manifest refraction of -0.50 -0.50 × 110 corrected to 20/20. In case 2, UCVA was 20/20 with piano refraction after LASIK retreatment.
CONCLUSIONS: Corneal LASIK flaps are susceptible to penetrating trauma, which can occur >7 years after the procedure. Proper management of the trauma and LASIK flap can restore excellent visual acuity. [J Refract Surg, 2006;22:904-905.]
Bilateral Central Crystalline Corneal Deposits Four Years After Intacs for Myopia
Authors: Katsoulis Konstantinos , Sarra Gian-Marco , Schittny Johannes C , Frueh Beatrice E 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To report a case of bilateral central crystalline keratopathy in the anterior stroma occurring 4 years after Intacs implantation.
METHODS: A 45-year-old woman underwent bilateral uncomplicated lntacs implantation for myopia. The postoperative course was uneventful. However, between 3 and 4 years after surgery, the patient developed central opacifications of the anterior stroma in both eyes, reducing best spectacle-corrected visual acuity.
RESULTS: Intacs were explanted. Confocal microscopy, electron microscopy of the explanted ring segments, and microbiology studies were performed. Opacities were still detectable at the slitlamp microscope up to 8 months after explantation.
CONCLUSIONS: This is the first report on central corneal opacifications after Intacs implantation for myopia. The opacities could be the result of chronic metabolic stress or the beginning of lipid-like changes in another more central corneal localization. [J Refract Surg. 2006;22:910-913.]
Shack-Hartmann-Based Wavefront Analyzer for Calibrating Excimer Lasers
Authors: Somani Seema , Cheng Luke , Zickler Leander , Gross Erik 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: Currently, refractive surgical excimer laser systems are calibrated by ablating plastic lenses, which are measured by lensometer and analyzed by a technician. The accuracy of this method is approximately 0.25 diopters (D) in sphere and cylinder power. Theoretically, objective calibration using wavefront technology would be significantly more accurate, thereby improving surgical outcomes. This study describes a Shack-Hartmann-based instrument, which has been developed to measure ablated plastic lenses for calibration and quality control of the excimer laser.
METHODS: A calibration instrument comprising an LED source at 640 nm, a lenslet array, beam-guiding optics, and a CCD camera was designed to perform full wavefront analysis. The measurement plane is conjugate to the lenslet array plane, and the diameter of the pupil is 5 mm. Accuracy was determined by measuring a set of well-calibrated spherical and cylindrical glass lenses. Plastic lenses were ablated, and high-precision measurements were performed by surface profile scanner.
RESULTS: In the power range of -6.00 to +4.00 D, repeatability exceeded 0.01 D, accuracy of measurement exceeded 0.04 D, and 1° for the axis of cylinder lenses. The measurement of excimer-ablated plastic lenses agreed with high-precision surface profile scanner measurements within 0.10 D, and repeatability exceeded 0.01 D.
CONCLUSIONS: Wavefront technology-based, high-precision measurement of calibration lenses can more accurately set the energy of the excimer laser, which enhances the accuracy of refractive laser correction. In automating calibration, the new instrument removes operator subjectivity and decreases the time needed for calibration. [J Refract Surg. 2006;22:938-942.]
LASIK Using the NIDEK EC-5000 for the Correction of Hyperopic Astigmatism
Authors: Ismail Mahmoud M 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To assess the refractive outcomes of LASIK for the surgical correction of hyperopic astigmatism using the NIDEK EC-5000 excimer laser.
METHODS: LASIK was performed on 46 eyes from 26 patients (19 men and 7 women) for the correction of congenital hyperopic astigmatism. The NIDEK EC-5000 excimer laser and the Moria M2 microkeratome were used in all procedures. Cylindrical ablations were performed on the negative axis out to a 6-mm diameter.
RESULTS: The mean preoperative cylindrical refraction was +3.15±0.70 diopters (D) (range: +1.75 to +4.50 D), and the mean 24-month postoperative refraction was +1.27±0.78 D (range: +0.50 to +3.25 D). Vector analysis showed a 2. 17 ±1.27 D reduction in the equivalent cylinder. Preoperative mean uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) was 20/100, and 24-month postoperative UCVA was 20/30. One eye lost one line of best spectacle-corrected visual acuity at 24 months postoperatively. Complications related to the LASIK flap occurred in 2 (4.3%) eyes. Partial regression of the astigmatic effect began at 4 to 6 months but stabilized by 1 year.
CONCLUSIONS: LASIK is a safe but limited alternative for the correction of astigmatism in eyes with hyperopic astigmatism. Early regression of the astigmatic effect in the first 6 months seems to be the primary disadvantage of this technique. [J Refract Surg. 2006;22:S1069-S1072.]
Automated Visual Axis Alignment for Refractive Excimer Laser Ablation
Authors: Kermani Omid 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To describe the use of new laser alignment and delivery software in the NIDEK Advanced Vision Excimer laser platform (NAVEX) that allows centration based on surgeon specification.
METHODS: Descriptive article with a case report.
RESULTS: The software allows specification via numeric entry of the exact placement of the laser tapered to the position of the visual axis or the line of sight.
CONCLUSIONS: The ability to specify the exact location of the laser ablation based on pupil position is fundamental in patients undergoing custom ablation and those with eccentric fixation. A conservative treatment strategy is recommended for initial experience with this alignment software. [J Refract Surg. 2006;22:S1089-S1092.]
DAVIS, Lydia. Nem vem. Tradução de Branca Vianna. São Paulo: Companhia das Letras, 2017. 126 p.
Authors: Freitas Mendes Marta 
Published: September 2019

Nem vem (Companhia das Letras, 2017), traduzido por Vianna, é o terceiro livro da autora traduzido no Brasil. Publicado pela primeira vez em 2014, em Nova Iorque, pela editora Farrar, Straus & Giroux, é uma antologia de textos lançados anteriormente, com poucas alterações, em importantes periódicos, como Harper’s Magazine, The New York Times e The Paris Review. A norte-americana Lydia Davis, nascida em 1947, é uma escritora, tradutora e professora de escrita criativa da Universidade de Albany, NY. Especialista na tradução da literatura francesa para o inglês, traduziu Flaubert, Proust e Jouve, além de ter ganhado o French-American Foundation Translation Prize de 2003, por sua tradução de No caminho de Swann, de Proust. Entre suas obras ficcionais estão o romance O fim da história (José Olympio, 2016) e quatro antologias de histórias curtas, dentre as quais está Tipos de perturbação (Companhia das Letras, 2013). Em 2013, ganhou o Man Booker Prize, pelo conjunto de sua obra. Davis é apontada como uma renovadora da prosa de língua inglesa e uma das precursoras da escrita de narrativas curtas (as chamadas flash fictions) e inclassificáveis, próximas da poesia e da reflexão metafísica. Branca Vianna é linguista, tradutora, intérprete e professora da PUC-Rio. Bacharel em Letras e especialista em Interpretação Simultânea (ambos pela PUC-Rio), mestre em Linguística (University College London) e mestre em Formação de Intérpretes (Université de Genève). Traduziu duas obras de Lydia Davis para a Companhia das Letras (Tipos de Perturbação e Nem vem).
CONSIDERAÇÕES SOBRE O DIREITO À MORADIA E A USUCAPIÃO EM ÁREAS AMBIENTALMENTE PROTEGIDAS
Authors: Freitas Vladimir Passos , Maciel Amanda Amorim , Passos de Freitas Mariana Alçmeida 
Published: September 2019

A diversidade de recursos naturais do Brasil motivou o legislador a prever diversas espécies de proteção, destacando-se as unidades de conservação e as áreas de preservação permanente. Por sua vez, o crescimento da população, a migração campo cidade e as dificuldades de moradia resultam, por vezes, na ocupação das áreas protegidas. O direito à moradia e ao gozo de um ambiente ecologicamente equilibrado são assegurados aos brasileiros pela Constituição Federal. O presente artigo tem por objetivo analisar a possibilidade de reconhecer-se a usucapião nas áreas ambientais protegidas e as dificuldades para avaliar qual direito deve prevalecer nos casos de conflito entre ambos.
Evaluation of Growth Parameters and Biochemical Markers of Corn Plants Under Saline Stress
Authors: Viana Ana Cláudia Graças Alves , Quemel Franciele Da Silva , Freitas Janyeli Dorini Silva de , Francisco João Paulo , Nolla Antonio , Lopes Ana Daniela 
Published: September 2019

This study aimed to investigate the effect of salinity on growth parameters and oxidative stress markers in leaves and roots of two sweet corn genotypes: BR 427III, obtained from Embrapa Milho e Sorgo, and Tropical Plus®, a commercial hybrid. The genotypes were kept in 15-L pots with typical dystrophic red latosol soil, and irrigated with NaCl solution (0, 25, 50, 100, 150 and 300 mM). At 105 days after planting, the samples were collected, immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen, and stored at -80 ºC for posterior analyses. After this period, it was verified that, while NaCl concentration increased, there was a decrease in leaf and root fresh and dry masses as well as in shot and root lengths of both evaluated genotypes. A decrease in the stem diameter of BR427III genotype plants and in the chlorophyll index of both genotypes was observed. Sodium accumulation in the root and leaves increased according to the stress severity; however, potassium content reduced in both roots and leaves. Proline content increased significantly in the leaves of both evaluated genotypes when exposed to higher concentrations of NaCl. On the other hand, malondialdehyde content decreased in leaves and root of Tropical Plus genotype, where an increase in electrolyte overflow from membrane damage caused by stress severity was observed.
Effect of biomimetic material on stress distribution in mandibular molars restored with inlays: a three-dimensional finite element analysis
Authors: Zhu Junxin , Luo Danmei , Rong Qiguo , Wang Xiaoyan 
Published: September 2019

Background
Although biomimetic material has become increasingly popular in dental cosmetology nowadays, it remains unclear how it would affect the restored teeth during chewing. It is necessary to study the influence of biomimetic material on stress distribution in the restored teeth.

Methods
Eight three-dimensional finite element (FE) models were constructed and divided into two groups. Group 1 included the FE model of intact molar, and the FE models of inlay-restored molars fabricated from IPS e.max CAD, Lava Ultimate and biomimetic materials individually. Enamel was considered a homogeneous material. Group 2 included the FE models of intact molar and molars restored with inlays using IPS e.max CAD, Lava Ultimate and biomimetic materials individually, considering enamel as an inhomogeneous material.

Results
In Group 1, compared with that in the intact molar, the maximum tensile stress (MTS) in the occlusal grooves decreased in the inlay-restored molars fabricated from IPS e.max CAD and was concentrated on the cavity floor at the buccal side in the inner dentin around inlay. When Lava Ultimate was selected, MTS decreased in the occlusal grooves and on the cavity floor but increased in the lateral walls. In the restored molar using biomimetic material, the MTS on the cavity floor was distributed more evenly than that in the molar using IPS e.max CAD, and no obvious changes were noted in the lateral walls. The same changes were observed in Group 2. No differences in the stress distribution pattern were noted among the FE models in Groups 1 and 2.

Conclusions
Molars restored with inlays fabricated from biomimetic material exhibit a more uniform stress distribution in the dentin around restoration. The consideration of enamel as a homogeneous tissue is acceptable for analyzing the maximum principal stress distribution in the inlay-restored molar.
Recent Advances in Enabling Technologies in 3D Printing for Precision Medicine
Authors: Prendergast Margaret E. , Burdick Jason A. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAdvances in areas such as data analytics, genomics, and imaging have revealed individual patient complexities and exposed the inherent limitations of generic therapies for patient treatment. These observations have also fueled the development of precision medicine approaches, where therapies are tailored for the individual rather than the broad patient population. 3D printing is a field that intersects with precision medicine through the design of precision implants with patient‐directed shapes, structures, and materials or for the development of patient‐specific in vitro models that can be used for screening precision therapeutics. Toward their success, advances in 3D printing and biofabrication technologies are needed with enhanced resolution, complexity, reproducibility, and speed and that encompass a broad range of cells and materials. The overall goal of this progress report is to highlight recent advances in 3D printing technologies that are helping to enable advances important in precision medicine.
Lightweight Kevlar‐Reinforced Graphene Oxide Architectures with High Strength for Energy Storage
Authors: Sun Wanmei , Shah Smit A. , Lowery Joseph L. , Oh Ju Hyun , Lutkenhaus Jodie L. , Green Micah J. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractA multifunctional supercapacitor based on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) hydrogels deposited onto Kevlar fibers and woven cloth is reported, which exhibits both excellent mechanical performance and electrochemical energy storage. The specific strength of rGO hydrogel–Kevlar fibers reaches 1.6 MPa m3 kg−1 and the specific capacitance is 57 F g−1 with 38.1% of rGO. Such high specific strength is comparable to one of the as‐received Kevlar fibers (2.0 MPa m3 kg−1), indicating that the gelation process does not harm the fibers. The gel‐state symmetric device based on rGO hydrogel–Kevlar cloth survives impact from a 9.1 N force from a falling metal ball as well as deformation during bending to 90°. The high specific strength is due to the Kevlar while the specific capacitance stems from the 3D interconnected macrostructure of rGO hydrogels. To demonstrate the combination of these properties, a multifunctional efficiency is introduced based on the geometric average of mechanical and energy storage properties as compared to epoxy and carbon aerogel supercapacitor, respectively. This metric predicts an optimum combination or properties at a volume ratio of Kevlar/rGO gel between 0.0008 and 0.35.