bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Awareness of Young Japanese Women on HPV Self-Sampling Trial using Opt-in Method
Authors: Tada Sayako , Ito Yumi , Nagai Natumi , Nakamura Kanako , Nohara Kiriko , Sagawa Tadashi 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
BackgroundThe rate of young Japanese women attending Cervical Cancer screenings is still low. There is a lack of studies that discussed awareness, preference, and anxiety of women to HPV self-sampling. The aim was to clarify the awareness of young women who want and do not want HPV self-sampling toward improvement the rate of attending Cervical Cancer screenings.Methods We carried out the observation study by self-administered questionnaires about the awareness of HPV self-sampling with the trial in a city, in Hokkaido, Japan. The subjects were selected at random to 25-29 years old women (837 persons) residing in a city. We compared their awareness between want and do not want self-sampling. For data analysis, statistical analysis software SPSS for Windows Ver.21 was used setting the significance level at below 5%.ResultsYoung women in this study who firstly responded wanting practice of self-sampling were 9.8%, and not wanting in were 90.2%. The reasons of young women that want self-sampling were “Free self-sampling supported from the city”, “I can do it in my own time”, and “I have experience of sexual intercourse”. In contrast, the reasons of do not want self-sampling were “I have no symptom”, and “I am anxious about doing the test by myself”. The awareness of HPV self-sampling was low with all subjects, and they have few the general knowledge of Cervical Cancer. ConclusionThere is a possibility to increase the number of young women who want self-sampling by using an HPV self-sampling trial of the opt-in method that also considers the emotions of the women. Young Japanese women who do not want self-sampling, tend to have a fear and anxiety toward self-sampling, in contrast, many of the women who conducted self-sampling prefer it. This study suggests the need of new practical education for self-sampling, including HPV infection, and Cervical Cancer prevention performed by clinicians, nurses and midwives.
Perspectives of older adults with a chronic condition on functioning, social participation and health: a qualitative study
Authors: De Coninck Leen , Declercq Anja , Bouckaert Leen , Vermandere Mieke , Graff Maud J.L. , Aertgeerts Bert 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
BackgroundProblems with mobility, functioning and social participation makes living independently difficult for frail older adults. Treatment adherence is a prerequisite for successfully continuing to live independently. The cause of non-compliance among older adults are multiple and complex. Insight into older adults’ perspectives regarding their functioning is essential and an important factor for treatment adherence.Objectives This study investigates the perspectives of older adults on their functioning, social participation and health, and the factors influencing these components.Method We conducted a qualitative study about the older adult’s perceived functioning, social participation and health. Fourteen home dwelling older adults suffering from chronic health issues were purposively selected. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with open-ended questions. Data were analysed following the Basic Logical Model of Abduction and the coding method of Creswell.ResultsAssistive devices, their dwelling and living environment, professional and informal support, and medication are perceived as important determinants. Attitude, social influence and personal effectiveness were found to be of influence whether or not a person will perform an activity, or choose to participate. A person’s attitude is related to the significance the activity has to that person, the importance of the activity, personal wellbeing, their values and the desire for autonomy. Peers and children have a social influence on the level of activity of the older person. Traditions and in particular, religious activities, along with personal effectiveness are motivating factors for whether or not to perform an activity or to participate. Personal effectiveness is linked to the belief in their personal competencies and to the relationship between effort and result.Finally, it appears that the type of coping strategy the older adult adopts, has an influence on his or her behavior. The older adults often used remarkable problem-focused strategies, which had a positive effect on their level of autonomy.ConclusionOlder adults have identified barriers and facilitators that influence their level of functioning and social participation. These findings help to create a framework for maintaining and increasing treatment adherence. This conceptual framework may be helpful in facilitating occupational therapists and other healthcare professionals to detect determinants of treatment adherence.
Enablers And Barriers To Utilisation Of Available Formal Support By Institutionalised Individuals With Alzheimer’s Disease And Related Dementias In Rural South Western Uganda: A Qualitative Descriptive Study
Authors: NIYONZIMA VALLENCE , Maling Samuel , Chemali Zeina 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background: The world’s population is ageing resulting in a larger number of people living with dementia. Prevalence of dementia for persons aged above 60 years is expected to increase . There is paucity of information regarding formal support available for institutionalised individuals with AD/ADRD, enablers and barriers to its utilisation particularly South Western Uganda. Therefore this study, filling this knowledge gap, sought to assess formal support available for individuals with AD/ADRD, enablers and barriers to its utilisation in rural communities in South Western Uganda Methods: This study was conducted in two nongovernmental community based facilities for the elderly in South Western Uganda employing a qualitative cross sectional study design. Purposive sampling was used to recruit caretakers of individuals with Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias. A total of 28 in depth interviews and 6 key informant interviews were conducted. Results: Three arching themes emerged: 1) Formal support services available, 2) Enablers and 3) Barriers to the utilisation of the formal support services in institutionalised patients with AD/ADRD in rural communities in South Western Uganda. Conclusions: These findings highlight the importance of formal care in the long-term care of individuals with AD/ADRD. There is a dire need to equip caretakers involved in the care of patients with AD/ADRD with the required skill set and include formal support services in the mainstream primary health care to make the services accessible.
Soluble IL-2R as a predictor of familial breast cancer
Authors: Gonda Kenji , Horita Shoichiro , Maejima Yuko , Takenoshita Seiichi , Shimomura Kenju 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background: The incidence of breast cancer has been increasing annually, and breast cancer-related diseases, such as breast cancer in the young, ovarian cancer, prostate cancer, and pancreatic cancer, have clearly and steadily increased in number and have become common among the family members of patients with breast cancer. Accordingly, an increase in the incidence of familial breast cancer (FBC) is anticipated in the future. Interleukin (IL)-2 is one of the cytokines that activate CTLs, which are important for cancer immunity. To search for the markers of increased risk for FBC, we examined the sIL-2R levels and immunologic factors in patients with breast cancer and nonfamilial breast cancer (NFBC). Methods: Of the 106 untreated breast cancer patients who gave consent to participate in this study, 24 had FBC and 82 had NFBC. There were 11 healthy individuals included in this study. Serum and peripheral blood mononuclear cells were collected from all patients for the measurement of the levels of sIL-2R, IL-10, VEGF, IL-17, Tregs, and MDSC. Prognosis was assessed and compared, according to the sIL-2R levels (low vs. high). Tissue samples from postoperative patients with high sIL2 were stained with PD-LI and CD8. Results: The sIL-2R level was significantly higher and had significantly better correlations with IL-10, VEGF, IL-17, Tregs, and MDSC levels in FBC than in NFBC. In cases with high sIL-2R level, the Tregs and MDSC levels were significantly higher and the OS and DFS rates were significantly worse in FBC than in NFBC. Among the FBC cases with high sIL-2R level, triple-negative breast cancer tissues stained well for PD-LI and CD8. Conclusions: Compared with NFBC, FBC was associated with higher sIL-2R levels, Th2 significance, and less aggressive cancer immunosuppressive cells. We have identified sIL-2R as a biomarker that can predict the prognosis of FBC. The ability to prospectively identify patients who are less likely to have NFBC is a vital step in improving the overall survival of this population.
Clinical utility of three-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging using a zero-echo-time sequence in endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal surgery
Authors: Inoue Akihiro , Kohno Shohei , Nishida Naoya , Suehiro Satoshi , Matsumoto Shirabe , Nishikawa Masahiro , Ozaki Saya , Nakamura Yawara , Shigekawa Seiji , Watanabe Hideaki , Senba Hidenori , Matsuura Bunzo , Kunieda Takeharu 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background: Recognizing the anatomical orientation surrounding the sellar floor is crucial in endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal surgery (ETSS). Zero-echo-time (ZTE) sequences were recently suggested for a new bone identification technique on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This study aimed to evaluate the clinical usefulness of three-dimensional (3D)-ZTE-based MRI models in providing anatomical guidance for ETSS.Methods: ZTE-based MRI and magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) data from 15 consecutive patients with pituitary tumor treated between September 2018 and May 2019 were used to create 3D-MRI models. From these, the architecture surrounding the sellar floor, particularly anatomical relationships between tumors and internal carotid arteries (ICAs), was visualized to preoperatively plan surgical procedures. In addition, 3D-ZTE-based MRI models were compared to actual surgical views during ETSS to evaluate model applicability.Results: These 3D-ZTE-based MRI models clearly demonstrated the morphology of the sellar floor and matched well with intraoperative views, including pituitary tumor, by successively eliminating sphenoidal structures. The models also permitted determination of the maximum marginal line of the opening of the sellar floor by presenting vital structures such as ICAs and tumors. With such 3D-MRI models, the surgeon could access the intracranial area through the sellar floor more safely, and resect the pituitary tumor maximally without complications. Conclusions: Our 3D-MRI models based on ZTE sequences allowed distinct visualization of vital structures and pituitary tumor around the sellar floor. This new method using 3D-ZTE-based MRI models showed low invasiveness for patients and was useful in preoperative planning for ETSS, facilitating maximum tumor resection without complications.
New insights from genome-wide association analysis using imputed whole-genome sequence: the genetic mechanisms underlying residual feed intake in chickens
Authors: Ye Shaopan , Chen Zitao , Zheng Rongrong , Diao Shuqi , Teng Jinyan , Yuan Xiaolong , Zhang Hao , Chen Zanmou , Zhang Xiquan , Li Jiaqi , Zhang Zhe 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background: Poultry feed occupies the largest cost of poultry production, which is estimated up to 70%. Moreover, it is pressure on the agricultural industry to reduce emissions and improve its environmental footprint, simultaneously increasing output to meet the growing demand for protein worldwide. Therefore, improving feed efficiency (FE) play an important role to improve profits and their environmental footprint in broiler production. In this study, using imputed whole genome sequencing (WGS) data, genome-wide association analysis (GWAS) was performed to identify SNPs and genes associated with residual feed intake (RFI) and its component traits. Furthermore, transcriptomic analysis between high- and low-RFI groups was performed to validate candidate genes from GWAS.
Results: Results showed that heritability estimates of average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI) , and RFI were 0.29 (0.004), 0.37 (0.005), and 0.38 (0.004), respectively. Using imputed sequence-based GWAS, we identified seven significant SNPs and five candidate genes ( MTSS I-BAR domain containing 1, MTSS1; folliculin, FLCN; COP9 signalosome subunit 3, COPS3; 5',3'-nucleotidase, mitochondrial, NT5M; and gametocyte specific factor 1, GTSF1) associated with RFI, twenty significant SNPs and one candidate gene ( inositol polyphosphate multikinase, IPMK ) associated with ADG, and one significant SNP and one candidate gene ( coatomer protein complex subunit alpha, COPA ) associated with ADFI. After performing transcriptomic analysis between high- and low-RFI groups, both 38 up-regulated and 26 down-regulated genes were identified in high-RFI group. Furthermore, integrating regional conditional GWAS and transcriptome analysis, ras related dexamethasone induced 1 (RASD1) was the only one overlapped gene associated with RFI, which also suggested that the region (GGA14: 4767015 -4882318) is a new quantitative trait locus (QTL) associated with RFI.
Conclusions: In conclusions, using imputed sequence-based GWAS is an efficient method to identify significant SNPs and candidate genes in chicken. Our results provide valuable insights into the genetic mechanisms of RFI and component traits, which would further improve the genetic gain of feed efficiency rapidly and cost-effectively in the context of marker-assisted breeding selection.
Keywords: Whole genome sequence, GWAS, transcriptome analysis, feed efficiency, chickens.
Long-read sequencing of Chrysanthemum morifolium cv. ‘Hangju’ transcriptome reveals flavonoid biosynthesis and regulation
Authors: Wang Tao , Yang Feng , Guo Qiaosheng , Zou Qingjun , Zhang Wenyan , Zuo Lin 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Abstract
Background : The capitulum of Chrysanthemum morifolium cv. ‘Hangju’ has been widely used in China for antioxidant and anti-inflammatory. Flavonoids as one of the bioactive components in C . morifolium have a poor understanding in their biosynthesis and regulation. Nowadays, transcriptome sequencing as an effective method was used in capturing the transcripts information. So, single-molecule real-time (SMRT) sequencing was performed to obtain the full length of genes involved in flavonoid biosynthesis and regulation in C . morifolium .
Results : The high-quality RNA was extracted from the capitulum of C . morifolium at different development stages, and it was constructed into two libraries (0-5 kb and 4.5-10 kb) for sequencing. Finally, 125,532 non-redundant isoforms with mean length of 2,009 bp were captured. Of which, 2,083 transcripts were annotated in the pathway related to the flavonoid biosynthesis and 56 isoforms were annotated as CHS , CHI , F3H , F3’H , FNS Ⅱ , FLS , DFR and ANS genes. Based on the gene expression level at different stages, we predicted the major genes involved in the flavonoid biosynthesis. And we found two candidate MYB factors (CmMYBF1 and CmMYBF2) activating the flavonol biosynthesis by phylogenetic analysis.
Conclusions : Based on the full-length transcriptome data and further quantitative analysis, the major genes involved in flavonoid biosynthesis and regulation in C . morifolium were predicted in our study. The results provide a valuable theoretical basis for introduction and cultivation of C. morifolium cv. ‘Hangju’.
Helicobacter pylori genotypes, salt intake, and sociodemographic factors associated with premalignant stomach lesions in a Colombian population
Authors: Carlosama-Rosero Yeison Harvey , Acosta-Astaiza Claudia Patricia , Sierra-Torres Carlos Hernán , Bolaños-Bravo Harold Jofre 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
INTRODUCTION Genetic variability of Helicobacter pylori is associated with various gastrointestinal diseases; however, little is known regarding its interaction with sociodemographic and dietary factors in the development of premalignant lesions.OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association between Helicobacter genotypes, salt intake, and sociodemographic factors with precursor lesions of gastric malignancyMATERIALS AND METHODS An analytical study was conducted including cases (patients with gastric atrophy, intestinal metaplasia, and dysplasia) and controls (patients with non-atrophic gastritis). Sociodemographic information and salt intake habits were obtained using a questionnaire. Histopathological diagnosis was made according to the Sydney System. Genotypes cagA and vacA for H. pylori were established using polymerase chain reaction in paraffin blocks. ANOVA was used for analyzing quantitative variables. Categorical variables are presented as proportions and absolute frequencies. The effect of each variable on the outcome (premalignant lesion) is presented as OR and 95%CI. A p-value of <0.05 was considered as significant.RESULTS The genotype vacA/s1m1 increases the risk of developing precursor lesions of malignancy (OR: 3.82; 95%CI: 1.45–10.07; p = 0.007). Age and salt intake showed a positive interaction effect for the genotype s1m1 (adjusted OR: 5.19; 95%CI: 1.88–14.32; p = 0.001) and bacterial coinfection (adjusted OR: 3.2; 95%CI: 1.06–9.59; p = 0.038). The cagA genotype was not related with the development of premalignant lesions (OR: 1.21; 95%CI: 0.80–1.82; p = 0.361).CONCLUSIONS The vacA genotypes, age, and salt intake are indicators of the risk of premalignant lesions in the study population.
Drug users’ perceptions, demands, and suggestions for non-occupational post-exposure prophylaxis (nPEP) services in China: a qualitative study
Authors: Jiao Kedi , Li Haochu , Zhang Dapeng , Jiang Zhenxia , Lin Yuxi , Liu Xueyuan , Xu Hengmin , Yan Xuemei , Tang Haoqing , Ma Wei 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background Drug users are regarded as a high-risk population of HIV infection. Non-occupational post-exposure prophylaxis (nPEP) is internationally regarded as an effective biomedical prevention against HIV but still a small-scale pilot project in China at present. The aim of this study was to understand drug users’ perceptions demands and suggestions for nPEP service in China.Methods Nineteen eligible drug users were recruited in this qualitative study. Semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted by trained interviewers. All of the interviews were audio-taped, transcribed verbatim and analyzed using thematic framework analysis.Results Most of participants had not heard of nPEP and none of them had used this service. After being informed basic knowledge of nPEP, about half of the participants reported willingness to use it. The facilitators included scare of HIV infection and regarding nPEP as a remedial measure in emergency. The barriers included low willingness for fatigue and lethargy after taking drugs, high price and side effects of nPEP medication, long course of nPEP treatment, and fear of privacy disclosure. Most of the participants thought the availability of nPEP would not increase the occurrence of unprotected intercourse and supported the routinization of nPEP services. Most participants chose social media for nPEP propaganda and pharmacies for providing nPEP.Conclusions It is imperative to strengthen propaganda and education of nPEP among drug users, and to encourage them to proactively use nPEP after exposure. Price regulation, side effect management and privacy protection need to be managed well when nPEP is routinized.
Cellular time series: a data structure for spatio-temporal analysis and management of geoscience information
Authors: Nabaei Sina , Saghafian Bahram 
Published: October 2019

AbstractGeoscientists are continuously confronted by difficulties involved in handling varieties of data formats. Configuration of data only in time or space domains leads to the use of multiple stand-alone software in the spatio-temporal analysis which is a time-consuming approach. In this paper, the concept of cellular time series (CTS) and three types of meta data are introduced to improve the handling of CTS in the spatio-temporal analysis. The data structure was designed via Python programming language; however, the structure could also be implemented by other languages (e.g., R and MATLAB). We used this concept in the hydro-meteorological discipline. In our application, CTS of monthly precipitation was generated by employing data of 102 stations across Iran. The non-parametric Mann–Kendall trend test and change point detection techniques, including Pettitt's test, standard normal homogeneity test, and the Buishand range test were applied on the generated CTS. Results revealed a negative annual trend in the eastern parts, as well as being sporadically spread over the southern and western parts of the country. Furthermore, the year 1998 was detected as a significant change year in the eastern and southern regions of Iran. The proposed structure may be used by geoscientists and data providers for straightforward simultaneous spatio-temporal analysis.
A study on the geotechnical characterization and water retention characteristic curve of pond ash
Authors: Singh Janmeet , Singh Sanjay Kumar , Alam M. A. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The understanding of the engineering behaviour of unsaturated soil is totally dependent on the water retention characteristic curve (WRCC). In this paper, a comprehensive study of the WRCCs of pond ash along with the ash's geotechnical behaviour has been made. The WRCC has been drawn experimentally using a Fredlund device based upon the pressure plate technique for both wetting and drying cycles. Further, an investigation was carried out to study WRCC hysteresis of pond ash. There exists a considerable hysteresis in drying and wetting curves of pond ash sample. The different WRCC models were used to fit the experimental WRCC data. The effect of compaction on WRCC was also studied. The air entry value in the case of a loose sample is low and the sample gets nearly desaturated at low soil suction as compared to a dense sample. Also, the wetting WRCC is predicted using the Feng and Fredlund model as it is difficult and time consuming to measure the whole hysteresis. The predicted results are compared with the measured wetting WRCC. Since the direct measurement of unsaturated hydraulic conductivity is difficult to obtain in engineering practices, the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity function is predicted using the measured WRCC as the input parameter using SEEP/W software.