bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Attention Periodically Binds Visual Features As Single Events Depending on Neural Oscillations Phase-Locked to Action
Authors: Nakayama Ryohei , Motoyoshi Isamu 
Published: March 2019

Recent psychophysical studies have demonstrated that periodic attention in the 4–8 Hz range facilitates performance on visual detection. The present study examined the periodicity of feature binding, another major function of attention, in human observers (3 females and 5 males for behavior, with 7 males added for the EEG experiment). In a psychophysical task, observers reported a synchronous pair of brightness (light/dark) and orientation (clockwise/counterclockwise) patterns from two combined brightness–orientation pairs presented in rapid succession. We found that temporal binding performance exhibits periodic oscillations at ∼8 Hz as a function of stimulus onset delay from a self-initiated button press in conditions where brightness–orientation pairs were spatially separated. However, as one would expect from previous studies on pre-attentive binding, significant oscillations were not apparent in conditions where brightness–orientation pairs were spatially superimposed. EEG results, while fully compatible with behavioral oscillations, also revealed a significant dependence of binding performance across trials on prestimulus neural oscillatory phases within the corresponding band. The peak frequency of this dependence was found to be correlated with intertrial phase coherence (ITPC) around the timing of button press in parietal sensors. Moreover, the peak frequency of the ITPC was found to predict behavioral frequency in individual observers. Together, these results suggest that attention operates periodically (at ∼8 Hz) on the perceptual binding of multimodal visual information and is mediated by neural oscillations phase-locked to voluntary action.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTRecent studies in neuroscience suggest that the brain's attention network operates rhythmically at 4–8 Hz. The present behavioral task revealed that attentional binding of visual features is performed periodically at ∼8 Hz, and EEG analysis showed a dependence of binding performance on prestimulus neural oscillatory phase. Furthermore, this association between perceptual and neural oscillations is triggered by voluntary action. Periodic processes driven by attention appear to contribute not only to sensory processing but also to the temporal binding of diverse information into a conscious event synchronized with action.
A thyroid gland with over 30 foci of papillary thyroid carcinoma with activating BRAF V600E mutation
Authors: Pancer Jill , Mitmaker Elliot , Ajise Oluyomi , Tabah Roger , How Jacques 
Published: March 2019

Summary
Multifocal papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is common and the number of tumor foci rarely exceeds ten. The mechanism of multifocal disease is debated, with the two main hypotheses consisting of either intrathyroidal metastatic spread from a single tumor or independent multicentric tumorigenesis from distinct progenitor cells. We report the case of a 46-year-old woman who underwent total thyroidectomy and left central neck lymph node dissection after fine-needle aspiration of bilateral thyroid nodules that yielded cytological findings consistent with PTC. Final pathology of the surgical specimen showed an isthmic dominant 1.5 cm classical PTC and over 30 foci of microcarcinoma, which displayed decreasing density with increasing distance from the central lesion. Furthermore, all malignant tumors and lymph nodes harbored the activating BRAF V600E mutation. The present case highlights various pathological features that support a mechanism of intraglandular spread, namely a strategic isthmic location of the primary tumor, radial pattern of distribution and extensive number of small malignant foci and BRAF mutational homogeneity.

Learning points:

Multifocal papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is commonly seen in clinical practice, but the number of malignant foci is usually limited to ten or less.

There is no clear consensus in the literature as to whether multifocal PTC arises from a single or multiple distinct tumor progenitor cells.

Strategic location of the dominant tumor in the thyroid isthmus may favor intraglandular dissemination of malignant cells by means of the extensive lymphatic network.

An important pathological finding that may be suggestive of intrathyroidal metastatic spread is a central pattern of distribution with a reduction in the density of satellite lesions with increasing distance from the dominant focus.

PTCs originating from the isthmus with intraglandular metastatic dissemination behave more aggressively. As such, a more aggressive treatment course may be warranted, particularly with regard to the extent of surgery.
Programmable microscale stiffness pattern of flat polymeric substrates by temperature-memory technology
Authors: Jiang Yi , Mansfeld Ulrich , Kratz Karl , Lendlein Andreas 
Published: March 2019

AbstractTemperature-memory technology was utilized to generate flat substrates with a programmable stiffness pattern from cross-linked poly(eth-ylene-co-vinyl acetate) substrates with cylindrical microstructures. Programmed substrates were obtained by vertical compression at temperatures in the range from 60 to 100 °C and subsequent cooling, whereby aflat substrate was achieved by compression at 72 °C, as documented by scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy (AFM). AFM nanoindentation experiments revealed that all programmed substrates exhibited the targeted stiffness pattern. The presented technology for generating polymeric substrates with programmable stiffness pattern should be attractive for applications such as touchpads, optical storage, or cell instructive substrates.
MEDIA AUDIO VISUAL UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN MENYIMAK DONGÉNG
Authors: Gustiar Mella Lisyanti 
Published: March 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana efektivitas media audio-visual dalam mendengarkan dongeng, yang diajarkan dengan menggunakan bantuan audio visual (media), serta hasil belajar siswa di kelas yang menggunakan metode konvensional. Subyek dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa Kelas X SMA Negeri 1 Manonjaya Tasikmalaya Tahun Akademik 20122013/, yang dibagi menjadi kelompok eksperimen dan kelompok kontrol. Setiap kelompok terdiri atas 30 orang, yang pilih secara acak. Pengolahan data dalam penelitian ini dilakukan melalui pengujian sifat data, uji gain, dan hipotesis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan signifikan hasil dari Kelas X SMA Negeri 1 Manonjaya Tasikmalaya antara siswa yang menggunakan media audio visual dibandingkan dengan siswa yang menggunakan metode konvensional. Dimana hasil belajar siswa yang diajarkan dengan menggunakan audio visual media (17,06) lebih tinggi daripada hasil belajar siswa yang diajarkan dengan menggunakan metode konvensional (10,00). Temuan dari penelitian adalah guru perlu menggunakan media berbasis teknologi dalam mengajar, sebagai contoh bisa menggunakan bantuan audio visual, sehingga hasil belajar bisa dicapai secara optimal, terutama untuk mendengarkan pelajaran menyimak dongeng. AbstractThis reseach aims to identify the effectiveness of audio-visual media in teaching folktales, comparing instruction with audio-visual aids to that with a conventional method. The research subjects were grade X students of SMA Negeri 1 Manonjaya Tasikmalaya 2012/2013 academic year, divided into an experiment group and a control group. Each group consisted of 30 people, randomly chosen. The data were investigated by testing their nature, the test gain, and hypotheses. Results indicate that there was a signi􀂿cant difference between instruction with audio visual aid compared to instruction with a conventional method. The achievement results of students in an audio visual class were (17,06) higher than those in a conventional method class (10,00). The endings suggest that teachers need to apply media-based teaching, e.g.using audio-visual aids to achieve an optimal learning, especially in teaching folktales.
SYAIR LAGU JENIS POP SUNDA KARYA DOEL SUMBANG (Kajian Struktural-Semiotik dan Nilai Moral)
Authors: PRAMANIK NIKNIK DEWI 
Published: March 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidenti􀂿kasi struktur puisi syair lagu jenis pop Sunda karya Doel Sumbang yang meliputi, imaji, simbol, musikalitas, suasana, tema dan gaya bahasa; mengidenti􀂿kasi aspek semiotik (ikon, indeks dan simbol); dan mendeskripsikan nilai moralnya. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan metode deskriptif. Data dikumpulkan dengan teknik dokumentasi dan transkripsi. Setelah dianalisis terlihat bahwa kehidupan di dunia tidak terlepas dari dua kemungkinan, yaitu kesenangan dan kesedihan. Di akhir penelitian ditarik kesimpulan, hasil analisis struktur syair lagu jenis pop Sunda karya Doel Sumbang, bahwa imaji yang banyak ditemukan adalah imaji penglihatan. Gaya bahasa yang paling banyak terlihat adalah hiperbola dan personi􀂿kasi. Sedangkan hasil analisis semiotik syair lagu karya Doel Sumbang disimpulkan tanda yang paling banyak dijumpai adalah simbol dan indeks. Hasil analisis nilai moral dalam syair lagu karya Doel Sumbang banyak menceritakan mengenai kritikan bagi para penguasa dan pejabat negara yang mempunyai prilaku nilai kurang terpuji seperti korupsi, yang menyebabkan rakyat sengsara. AbstractThis study aims to identify the structure of Sundanese pop song lyrics by Doel Sumbang, comprising images, symbols, musicality, nuance, theme and 􀂿gure of speech; to identify the aspects of semiotics (icons, indexes and symbols); and to uncover the moral of the lyrics. The research used the descriptive method. The data were documentated and transcribed. Results show that the wordly life cannot be separated from the two possibilities, namely pleasure and misery. The structural analysis reveals that the most common image was visual images. The most identifiable figures of speech were hyperbole and personi􀂿cation. Meanwhile, the semiotic analysis indicates that the signs most often found were symbols and indexes. Results of moral examination show that much of the lyrics carries criticisms to state of􀂿cials who are corrupt, and consequently makes the people miserable.
MASYARAKAT SUNDA DALAM SASTRA: KOMPARASI MORALITAS DAN KEPRIBADIAN
Authors: ISNENDES RETTY 
Published: March 2019

Tulisan ini mengangkat aktualisasi diri tokoh sastra dalam peranannya membentuk moral manusia Sunda. Tokoh sastra adalah refleksi berbagai struktur sosial, begitu pun dengan tokoh sastra Sunda yang bisa membiaskan kebenaran universal tentang sifat, sikap, karakter, dan kepribadian manusia Sunda pada tataran realitas. Karya sastra yang dianalisis adalah sample dari karya sastra Sunda dari tiga periode, yaitu: Periode Sastra Sunda Kuno atau Lama (Buhun), Periode Sastra Sunda Pertengahan (Bihari), dan Periode Sastra Sunda Modern atau Baru (Kiwari). Pada akhirnya, sistem nilai yang muncul dari kompleksitas aktivitas dipengaruhi oleh perubahan jaman dan bergantinya kekuasaan. AbstractThis paper raised the self-actualization literary 􀂿gure in the role of moral human form Sunda. Various literary 􀂿gures are a re􀃀ection of social structure, as was the literary figures that can refract universal truths about the nature, attitude, character, and personality Sunda at the level of reality. Literary works are analyzed samples of literary works from three periods, namely: Ancient Sundanese Literary Period or Old (Buhun), Sunda Literature Medieval Period (Bihari), and Sundanese Modern Literary Period or New (Kiwari). In the end, the value systems that arise from the complexity of the activity is in􀃀uenced by the change of time and the alternation of power.
NILAI-NILAI KEISLAMAN DALAM PERIBAHASA SUNDA UNTUK MENGEMBANGKAN BAHAN AJAR BAHASA SUNDA BERBASIS KARAKTER DI SMP
Authors: EFFENDI ACHMAD SOPIAN 
Published: March 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan memaparkan nilai-nilai keislaman yang terdapat dalam peribahasa Sunda sekaligus menggali nilai-nilai pendidikan karakter yang terkandung di dalamnya. Peribahasa Sunda merupakan untaian kata-kata idiomatik yang berperan sebagai dasar-dasar pendidikan moral masarakat (Sunda) yang diturunkan dari generasi ke generasi hingga saat ini. Karena perannya tersebut, peribahasa Sunda sarat dengan nilai-nilai luhur bangsa, termasuk di dalamnya terdapat nilai-nilai yang relevan dengan ajaran Islam sebagai agama mayoritas di tanah air. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan metode deskriptif. Untuk memperoleh data digunakan teknik studi pustaka, intuisi (introspeksi), dan elisitasi. Data diolah dengan metode hermeneutik melalui analisis data langsung. Hasil penelitian ini adalah ditemukannya nilai-nilai keislaman pada hampir seluruh peribahasa Sunda, baik itu yang terdapat pada aspek keyakinan (aqidah), tata kehidupan sosial (muamalah), maupun pada aspek sikap dan tingkah-laku personal (ahlak). Dari data tersebut muncul tak kurang dari 94 butir nilai-nilai pendidikan karakter yang bisa dipastikan sebagi nilai-nilai karakter asli bangsa Indonésia yang berbasis budaya dan agamaIslam. Nilai-nilai luhur tersebut sepatutnya dijadikan acuan dasar pengembangan pendidikan berkarakter di tanah air. This research is aimed to explain the Islamic values in Sundanesse proverbs and reveal the character values containedtherein. A Sundanesse proverb is a series of idiomatic words, which serve as a foundation for moral mass education handed down from generation to generation until now. Because of its role, Sundanesse proverbscontain full of noble values of a nation, including thosein accordance to the Islamic teachings. This research used a descriptive method. The data were obtained by using a library research technique, intuition, and elicitation. The data were analyzed by using a hermeneutic method through a direct analysis. Results indicate that the Islamic values are found in almost all the Sundanesse proverbs, i.e. inthe creed aspect (aqidah), social life (syariah), and behavioral aspect (ahlak). More than 94 original character (Islamic and cultural) values of Indonesia emerge from the data. Such values should be the reference points in develoving character-based education in our country.
KESALAHAN EJAAN DALAM MENULIS BERITA SISWA KELAS IX SMP LABORATORIUM PERCONTOHAN UPI TAUN AJARAN 2013/2014
Authors: Jubaidah Ida 
Published: March 2019

Latar belakang penelitian ini karena siswa beranggapan bahwa pembelajaran bahasa Sunda sangat sulit. Hal itu menyebabkan siswa tidak begitu hirau terhadap pembelajaran tersebut, termasuk dalam pembelajaran menulis, misalnya kurang memperhatikan ejaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan mendeskripsikan kesalahan ejaan yang dilakukan oleh siswa kelas IX SMP Laboratorium Percontohan UPI tahun ajaran 2013/2014. Uraiannya menyaran kepada kesalahan (1) penggunaan aksara, (2) menulskan aksara, (3) menuliskan kecap, (4) menuliskan unsur serapan, dan (5) penggunaan tanda baca. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan tehnik tes. Pengolahan data dilakukan dengan analisis dokumen. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini yaitu siswa kelas IX SMP Laboratorium Percontohan UPI tahun ajaran 2013/2014. Data yang digunakan merupakan kesalahan ejaan dalam menulis berita yang dilakukan oleh siswa sekolah terebut. Hasilnya dapat disimpulkan bahwa siswa masih banyak melakukan kesalahan ejahan dalam menulis berita. Kesalahannya meliputi : (1) kesalahan penggunaan aksara 101 (43,72%); (2) kesalahan menuliskan aksara 83 (38,10%); (3) kesalahan menuliskan kata 26 (11,25%); (4) kesalahan menuliskan unsur serapan 7 (3,03%); dan (5) kesalahan penggunaan tanda baca 14 (6,06%). Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, guru harus lebih intensif dalam mengajarkan bahasa Sunda, terutama dalam membedakan vokal é, e, dan eu.AbstractThis study is come from the idea that students consider that learning Sundanese is difficult, which makes them tend to be ignorant in Sundanese courses, including in writing, such as not paying attention to how to spell it. This study is aimed to find out and describe spelling errors done by students of grade IX of SMP Laboratorium Percontohan UPI School Year 2013/2014. The spelling error includes (1) letters usage; (2) letters writing; (3) words writing; (4) uptake elements writing; and (5) punctuation usage. This study is using descriptive method with test technique. The data is processed using document analysis. Data source in this study are students of grade IX SMP Laboratorium Percontohan UPI School Year 2013/2014. Data in this study are spelling errors in writing news done by the students. The result of this study shows that most of students still doing spelling errors in writing news. The errors includes (2) error in using letters with total of 101 items (43,72%); (2) error in writing letters with total of 83 items (38,10%); (3) error in writing words with total of 26 items (11,25%); (4) error in writing uptake elements with total of 7 items (3,03%); and (5) error in using punctuations with total of 14 items (6,06%). Based on the results above, it can be concluded that teachers have to be more intensively teaching Sundanese spelling to students, especially in distinguishing vocal é, eandeu.
WACANA WAYANG GOLEK CEPOT KEMBAR DARI GIRIHARJA 3 (Kajian Struktural dan Etnopedagogik)
Authors: GUMILAR GUN GUN CAHYA 
Published: March 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui struktur wacana wayang golek dan nilai-nilai etnopedagogik yang ada dalam lakon Cepot kembar dari Giriharja 3. Metode yang dipakai dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif. Maksud yang ingin dicapai dalam penelitian ini adalah menggambarkan dan memilah-milah struktur wacana wayang golek dan nilai-nilai etnopedagogik. Tehnik yang digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data dalam penelitian ini adalah menggunakan telaah pustaka, tehnik observasi, dan tehnik transliterasi. Untuk mengolah data yang terkumpul menggunakan tehnik analisis langsung. Data yang dianalisis yaitu wacana wayang golek hasil transkripsi. Untuk mengolah nilai-nilai etnopedagogik, digunakan metode heurmeunitik. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa struktur wacana wayang golek Cepot kembar ada 61 struktur carita wayang. Dari struktur tersebut, dibagi menjadi 4 bagian. Yaitu murwa (satukali), kakawén (11 kali), nyandra (19 kali), dan antawacana (29 kali). selain itu juga, dari hasil penelitian ini diperoleh data nilai-nilai etnopedagogik dalam 20 percakan. Dari percakapan tersebut dibagi menjadi 3 bagian. Yaitu moral manusia kepada yang menciptakannya (7 kali, moral manusia kepada dirinya sendiri (3 kali), moral manusia dengan manusia (8 kali), dan moral manusa dalam menemukan kepuasan lahir dan batin (2 kali) Abstract This study determines the structure of the discourse of Wayang Golek (puppet show); and the ethnopedagogical values that exist in the play Cepot Kembar of Giriharja 3. The method used in this research was descriptive method. The goals are to describe and to sort out the structure of the discourse of the puppet show and its ethnopedagogical values. The technique used to collect data in this study was the use of literature review, observation, and transliteration. The collected data was processed by using the direct analysis. The transcript data were analyzed. Then, to find out the ethnopedagogical values, hermeneutics method was used. , Based on the research results, it is concluded that the discourse structure of the puppet show Cepot Kembar has 61 narrative structures. The structures are divided into 4 sections. They are murwa (one time), kakawén (11 times), nyandra (19 times), and Antawacana (29 times). In addition, this study gained the ethnopedagogical values in 20 conversations, which are divided into 3 parts. They are human moral toward The Creator (7 times), toward themselves (3 times), toward fellow-human (8 times), and in finding physical and psychological satisfactions (2 times).
BABAD PANJALU (Kajian Struktural, Semiotik, dan Etnopedagogik)
Authors: SATIBI ENTOH TOHARUDIN 
Published: March 2019

Babad Panjalu merupakan salah satu karya sastra kuno yang mengandung unsur sajarah yang ditulis oleh Prajadinata, koleksi C.M. Pleyte. Babad Panjalu menjadi sumber utama dalam penelitian. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif yang bertujuan mendeskripsikan struktur babad, unsur semiotik, dan nilai etnopedagogik yang terkandung di dalamnya. Teknik yang digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data yaitu studi bibliografi. Selanjutnya data yang diperoleh diolah menggunakan kajian struktural, semiotik, dan etnopedagogik. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang dilakukan, tema sejarah merupakan tema yang terdapat dalam babad ini. Alur maju merupakan pola alur yang digunakan dalam mengembangkan cerita. Pelaku utama yang terdapat dalam cerita yaitu silsilah para bupati Panjalu. Kompleksitas kehidupan, pemikiran, dan persoalan lainnya dikemas dengan dukungan watak yang variatif yang terdapat pada diri para bupati Panjalu. Hal ini didukung oleh digunakanya latar tempat seputar keraton. Kehidupan menak paling mendominasi latar sosial dalam berbagai aspek kehidupan. Dari tiga unsur semiotik yang ditemukan, unsur indéks paling banyak digunakan dari pada unsur ikon dan simbol. Nilai etnopedagogik yang terdapat dalam penelitian ini yaitu nilai moral manusia yang mencakup: moral manusia terhadap Tuhan, moral manusia terhadap pribadi, moral manusia terhadap manusia lain, moral manusia terhadap alam, moral manusia terhadap waktu, dan moral manusia dalam mencapai tujuan hidupnya. Moral manusia terhadap pribadi merupakan nilai moral manusia yang paling banyak terdapat dalam Babad Panjalu. Babad Panjalu (lit. The Chonicle of Panjalu), which is written by Prajadinata, a collection CM Pleyte, is one of ancient literary works. It contains elements of history. It is the main source in this study. This research used descriptive method that aims to describe the structure, semiotic elements, and the ethnopedagogical values contained in Babad Panjalu. The data collection of this research employed the bibliography study. Afterward, the data was processed by using structural, semiotics, and ethnopedagogy studies. Based on the results of research conducted, the theme of history is contained in this chronicle. Forward plot is the plot pattern that is used in developing the story. The main actors in the story are the Regents of Panjalu, as well as their genealogy. The complexity of life, thoughts, and other problems are packed with the support of varied characters of the Regents of Panjalu. It is sustained by the background of the story that shows the palace and its surrounding. The aristocratic life dominates the social background in various aspects of life. Three semiotic elements were found in the study. The most widely used element is the indexes, above the icons and the symbols. Ethnopedagogical values contained in the chronicle are the human moral values. They include moral toward God, personal, other human being, nature, time, and in achieving goals. The human moral values toward personal is the mostly foind in the Babad Panjalu.