bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of theWRKYgenes in sugar beet (Beta vulgarisL.) under alkaline stress
Authors: Wu Guo-Qiang , Li Zhi-Qiang , Cao Han , Wang Jin-Long 
Published: October 2019

BackgroundThe WRKY transcription factor family plays crucial roles in many aspects of physiological processes and adaption to environment. Although theWRKYgenes have been widely identified in various plant species, the structure and function of theWRKYfamily in sugar beet (Beta vulgarisL.) remains unknown.MethodsIn the present study, theWRKYgenes were identified from the sugar beet genome by bioinformatics. A phylogenetic tree was constructed by MEGA7.0. A distribution map of these genes was displayed by MapInspect 1.0. Furthermore, the exon-intron structure and the conserved motifs were predicted by GSDS 2.0 and MEME 5.0.5, respectively. Additionally, the expression levels of nine selected genes in shoots and roots of sugar beet seedlings exposed to alkaline stress were assayed by qRT-PCR.ResultsA total of 58 putativeBvWRKYgenes are identified in the sugar beet genome. The coding sequences of these genes ranged from 558 to 2,307 bp and molecular weights (MWs) varied from 21.3 to 84. TheBvWRKYgenes are clustered into three major groups I, II, and III, with 11, 40, and seven members, based on the primary amino acid sequences. The number of introns in theBvWRKYgenes ranged from 1 to 5, with a majority ofBvWRKY(27/58) containing three exons. All theBvWRKYgenes have one or two conserved WRKY domains and zinc-finger structure. Moreover, the selectedBvWRKYgenes showed a variety of expression patterns in shoots and roots of seedlings under various concentrations of NaHCO3. Importantly,BvWRKY10in shoots andBvWRKY16in roots were remarkably up-regulated by alkaline stress. Taken together, our findings extend understandings of theBvWRKYgenes family and provide useful information for subsequent research on their functions in sugar beet under alkaline stress.
T
hermotogaceae
Authors: Zhaxybayeva Olga , Nesbø Camilla L. , Farrell Anne A. , L'Haridon Stéphane 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Ther.mo.to.ga.ce'ae. N.L. fem. n.
Thermotoga
, type genus of the family; L. suff. ‐
aceae
, ending to denote a family; N.L. fem. pl. n.
Thermotogaceae
, the family of
Thermotoga
.

Thermotogota / Thermotogae / Thermotogales / Thermotogaceae

The family
Thermotogaceae
comprises sheathed thermophilic and hyperthermophilic, anaerobic, fermentative, and hydrogen‐producing bacteria. Cells are rod shaped, occurring singly, in pairs, or in chains. Cells are surrounded with sheaths, the so‐called togas. In stationary phase, they might look like “balloons.” Gram‐negative. Colonies are circular, convex, and vary in color from white to cream. The members of the family grow well on complex organic media and utilize a broad spectrum of carbon sources. Optimal growth at 60–80°C. Reduce thiosulfate and, in some cases, elemental sulfur, to sulfide. The family currently accommodates two genera,
Thermotoga
and
Pseudothermotoga
. The members of the family were isolated from geothermal heated marine sediments, shallow submarine thermal vents, hot springs, solfataric springs, oil reservoirs, and thermophilic bioreactors.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 38.7–51.3%.

Type genus
:
Thermotoga
Stetter and Huber 1986, 575
VP
(Effective publication: Stetter and Huber in Huber, Langworthy, Konig, Thomm, Woese, Sleytr et al., 1986, 332) emend. Bhandari and Gupta 2014, 163.
Technical Note: Proof of concept for radiomics‐based quality assurance for computed tomography
Authors: Branco Luciano R. F. , Ger Rachel B. , Mackin Dennis S. , Zhou Shouhao , Court Laurence E. , Layman Rick R. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractPurposeRoutine quality assurance (QA) testing to identify malfunctions in medical imaging devices is a standard practice and plays an important role in meeting quality standards. However, current daily computed tomography (CT) QA techniques have proven to be inadequate for the detection of subtle artifacts on scans. Therefore, we investigated the ability of a radiomics phantom to detect subtle artifacts not detected in conventional daily QA.MethodsAn updated credence cartridge radiomics phantom was used in this study, with a focus on two of the cartridges (rubber and cork) in the phantom. The phantom was scanned using a Siemens Definition Flash CT scanner, which was reported to produce a subtle line pattern artifact. Images were then imported into the IBEX software program, and 49 features were extracted from the two cartridges using four different preprocessing techniques. Each feature was then compared with features for the same scanner several months previously and with features from controlled CT scans obtained using 100 scanners.ResultsOf 196 total features for the test scanner, 79 (40%) from the rubber cartridge and 70 (36%) from the cork cartridge were three or more standard deviations away from the mean of the controlled scan population data. Feature values for the artifact‐producing scanner were closer to the population mean when features were preprocessed with Butterworth smoothing. The feature most sensitive to the artifact was co‐occurrence matrix maximum probability. The deviation from the mean for this feature was more than seven times greater when the scanner was malfunctioning (7.56 versus 1.01).ConclusionsRadiomics features extracted from a texture phantom were able to identify an artifact‐producing scanner as an outlier among 100 CT scanners. This preliminary analysis demonstrated the potential of radiomics in CT QA to identify subtle artifacts not detected using the currently employed daily QA techniques.
Experimental Evidence of Anisotropic and Stable Charged Excitons (Trions) in Atomically Thin 2D ReS2
Authors: Wang Xiaofan , Shinokita Keisuke , Miyauchi Yuhei , Cuong Nguyen Thanh , Okada Susumu , Matsuda Kazunari 
Published: October 2019

AbstractExperimentally observed, stable trions with large binding energy (≈25 meV) in atomically thin monolayer 2D transition metal dichalcogenides MX2 (M = Mo, W, X = S, Se, and Te) with an isotropic crystal structure have been extensively studied. In contrast, the characteristics of trions in atomically thin 2D materials with an anisotropic crystal structure are not completely understood. Low‐temperature photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy in few‐layer ReS2 with an anisotropic crystal structure by applying a gate voltage is described. A new PL peak that emerges below the lower‐energy side of neutral excitons obtained by tuning the gate voltages is attributed to emission from negative trions. Furthermore, the trion binding energy that is strongly dependent on the layer thickness reaches a large value of ≈60 meV in 1L–ReS2, which is ≈2 times larger than that in other isotropic 2D materials (MX2). The enhancement of the binding energy reflects the quasi‐1D nature of the trions in anisotropic atomically thin ReS2. These experimental observations will promote a better understanding of the optical response and applications in new categories of the anisotropic atomically thin 2D materials with a quasi‐1D nature.
Ultrafast Flash Energy Conductance at MXene‐Surfactant Interface and Its Molecular Origins
Authors: Li Jiebo , Zhang Qi , Yan Li , Wu Guorong , Hu Mingjun , Lin Xubo , Yuan Kaijun , Yang Xueming 
Published: October 2019

AbstractWith the developments of energy science, biomedical therapy, and electronic technology, interfacial thermal transport has become a key issue for many applications. Furthermore, with the growing importance of thermal utilization of new 2D material MXene, capturing the interfacial thermal conduction of MXene‐soft material in solution is an urgent task. In this work, transient absorption dynamics is employed to investigate MXene (Ti3C2Tx)‐surfactant interfacial energy conductance in water solution. The sodium dodecyl sulfate molecules could not directly interact with Ti3C2Tx surface, and thus failed to inhibit the interfacial heat transfer of Ti3C2Tx. To the opposite, attributed to strong coulomb interaction, cetrimonium bromide (CTAB) molecules could form bilayers on Ti3C2Tx to isolate the energy dissipation from Ti3C2Tx to water and thus alter the heat dissipation rates of Ti3C2Tx. The interfacial energy conductance G ≈81 MW m−2 K−1 between CTAB and Ti3C2Tx is quantitatively obtained. Molecular dynamics simulation also presented the flash heating could disrupt the bilayer structures, showing that the finding contributed to the future engineering design for MXene thermal applications through tuning the attaching layer at MXene interface.
POPDC3 Gene Variants Associate with a New Form of Limb Girdle Muscular Dystrophy
Authors: Vissing John , Johnson Katherine , Töpf Ana , Nafissi Shahriar , Díaz‐Manera Jordi , French Vanessa M. , Schindler Roland F. , Sarathchandra Padmini , Løkken Nicoline , Rinné Susanne , Freund Max , Decher Niels , Müller Thomas , Duno Morten , Krag Thomas , Brand Thomas , Straub Volker 
Published: October 2019

ObjectiveThe Popeye domain containing 3 (POPDC3) gene encodes a membrane protein involved in cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) signaling. Besides gastric cancer, no disease association has been described. We describe a new muscular dystrophy associated with this gene.MethodsWe screened 1,500 patients with unclassified limb girdle weakness or hyperCKemia for pathogenic POPDC3 variants. Five patients carrying POPDC3 variants were examined by muscle magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), muscle biopsy, and cardiac examination. We performed functional analyses in a zebrafish popdc3 knockdown model and heterologous expression of the mutant proteins in Xenopus laevis oocytes to measure TREK‐1 current.ResultsWe identified homozygous POPDC3 missense variants (p.Leu155His, p.Leu217Phe, and p.Arg261Gln) in 5 patients from 3 ethnically distinct families. Variants affected highly conserved residues in the Popeye (p.Leu155 and p.Leu217) and carboxy‐terminal (p.Arg261) domains. The variants were almost absent from control populations. Probands’ muscle biopsies were dystrophic, and serum creatine kinase levels were 1,050 to 9,200U/l. Muscle weakness was proximal with adulthood onset in most patients and affected lower earlier than upper limbs. Muscle MRI revealed fat replacement of paraspinal and proximal leg muscles; cardiac investigations were unremarkable. Knockdown of popdc3 in zebrafish, using 2 different splice‐site blocking morpholinos, resulted in larvae with tail curling and dystrophic muscle features. All 3 mutants cloned in Xenopus oocytes caused an aberrant modulation of the mechano‐gated potassium channel, TREK‐1.InterpretationOur findings point to an important role of POPDC3 for skeletal muscle function and suggest that pathogenic variants in POPDC3 are responsible for a novel type of autosomal recessive limb girdle muscular dystrophy. ANN NEUROL 2019;86:832–843
The use of curcumin as an effective adjuvant to cancer therapy: A short review
Authors: Bashang Hadi , Tamma Seetha 
Published: October 2019

AbstractTurmeric (Curcuma longa) is a popular spice that has been used in Ayurvedic medicine for its ability to treat various common ailments. There have been statistical correlations between turmeric consumption and lower incidences of cancer development, prompting research into its primary component curcumin. Several in vitro and in vivo studies over the last decade into cancer treatment have provided experimental evidence that curcumin contains antiproliferative, antiangiogenic, and apoptotic properties. The results of human clinical trials however, have proven mostly to be inconclusive. This short review provides an insight into the properties of curcumin including its bioavailability, biological activity, and potential usage in clinical trials as a chemotherapeutic drug.
Cover Picture: Reversible Wide‐Range Tuneable Luminescence of a Dual‐Stimuli‐ Responsive Silver Cluster‐Assembled Material (Chin. J. Chem. 11/2019)
Authors: Ma Xiao‐Hong , Wang Jia‐Yin , Guo Jun‐Jie , Wang Zhao‐Yang , Zang Shuang‐Quan 
Published: October 2019

The cover picture shows a new silver cluster‐assembled material of {[Ag18(StBu)10(CF3COO)2(PhPO3)(PhPO3H)4(bpy‐NH2)2]∙(PhPO3H2)}n, being prepared by a facile one‐pot method. Ag18bpy‐NH2 exhibits reversible luminescent mechanochromism between blue and cyan upon external mechanical stimulation and treatment with ethanol‐acetone. In addition, the as‐synthesized Ag18bpy‐NH2 also showed reversible luminescent thermochromism from blue at room temperature to bluish white at 83 K and vice versa. More details are discussed in the article by Zang et al. on page 1120–1124.
image
Back Cover: Metal‐Carbene‐Templated Photochemistry in Solution: A Universal Route towards Cyclobutane Derivatives* (Chin. J. Chem. 11/2019)
Authors: Li Yang , Jin Guang‐Feng , An Yuan‐Yuan , Das Rajorshi , Han Ying‐Feng 
Published: October 2019

The love story of “Niu Lang and Zhi Nv” is one of the most famous tales in China. The couple separated by the Tianhe river were able to meet each other once a year with the help of numerous magpies who built a colorful bridge across the river. With this backdrop, Y.‐F. Han et al. present in their article a metal‐carbene‐templated photochemistry in solution. Assisted by the bridge of carbene‐metal‐carbene units, two olefin substrates can reach each other closely, leading to photodimerization and the formation of cyclobutane derivatives. More details are discussed in the article by Han et al. on page 1147–1152.
image
150 Years of the Periodic System of Chemical Elements
Authors: Boeck Gisela 
Published: October 2019

AbstractDas Internationale Jahr des Periodensystems gibt Anlass, die wichtigsten Stationen auf dem Weg bis zu dessen Aufstellung nachzuzeichnen. Es werden einige Klassifikationssysteme von Vorläufern vorgestellt und die Beiträge von Lothar Meyer und Dmitri I. Mendeleev näher untersucht. Schwerpunkt wird dabei auf die weniger bekannten Meyer'schen Arbeiten gelegt.
Critical appraisal of guidelines for coronary artery disease on dual antiplatelet therapy: More consensus than controversies
Authors: Zhang Shaozhao , Zhou Huimin , Zhuang Xiaodong , Yang Daya , Sun Xiuting , Zhong Xiangbin , Lin Xiaoyu , Hu Xun , Huang Yiquan , Liao Xinxue , Du Zhimin 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundDual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) in the form of aspirin plus a P2Y12 inhibitor, when indicated, is one of the key treatments in coronary artery disease (CAD). Many recommendations on DAPT in patients with CAD based on current guidelines are largely inconsistent. In our current study, we aimed at systematically reviewing DAPT‐relevant clinical practice guidelines, and highlighting their commonalities and differences for better informed decision‐making.MethodsContemporary guidelines in English were searched in MEDLINE, Embase and websites of guideline organizations and professional societies. Guidelines with recommendations on DAPT for CAD patients were included. Guideline quality was appraised with the 6‐domain Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation II (AGREE II) instrument. The reporting of conflicts of interest (COI) was assessed individually with supplementary items from the RIGHT (Reporting Item for Practice Guidelines in Healthcare) checklist. Meanwhile, extraction of recommendations was performed.ResultsA total of 18 guidelines fulfilled our inclusion criteria. Most of them were graded with relatively good scores averaging from 42% to 74%. Domains for lower scores were in “stakeholder involvement” and “application.” The reporting of COI was satisfactory. For the recommendations on DAPT, most guidelines with high AGREE II scores included consistent recommendations on the timing and P2Y12 inhibitor selection. Nonetheless, conflicts still exist on the duration of DAPT.ConclusionsQuality of guidelines for DAPT in CAD was relatively high, though defects existed in “Applicability” and “Stakeholder Involvement.” As these guidelines developed, DAPT recommendations gradually converged on a consensus. Clinical decision should be made on an individual basis.
Comparing the Pharmacokinetics of 2 Novel Intravenous Tramadol Dosing Regimens to Oral Tramadol: A Randomized 3‐Arm Crossover Study
Authors: Lu Lucy , Ryan Michael , Harnett Mark , Atiee George J. , Reines Scott A. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractTramadol is a dual‐mechanism (opiate and monoamine reuptake inhibition) analgesic. Intravenous (IV) tramadol has been widely prescribed outside the United States. However, there have not been studies comparing the pharmacokinetics (PK) of IV dosing regimens to that of oral tramadol. In this phase 1, open‐label, single investigational center, 3‐treatment, 3‐period, multidose crossover study, we compared 2 novel IV dosing regimens (IV tramadol 75 mg and IV tramadol 50 mg) to oral tramadol 100 mg given every 6 hours (the highest approved oral dosage in the United States) Compared to the oral regimen, IV tramadol 50 mg administered at hours 0, 2, and 4 and every 4 hours thereafter reached initial tramadol peak serum concentration (Cmax) more rapidly, while resulting in similar overall steady‐state Cmax and area under the plasma concentration–time curve. IV tramadol 75 mg administered at hours 0, 3, and 6 and every 6 hours thereafter had higher Cmax and greater fluctuation in peak to trough tramadol concentration. The primary metabolite M1 (a potent μ agonist) had lower area under the plasma concentration–time curve and Cmax for both IV regimens than for the oral regimen. IV tramadol at both doses was well tolerated, with adverse event profiles consistent with the known pharmacological effects of tramadol. IV tramadol 50 mg is now in phase 3 development in patients with postsurgical pain.
A simple and effective design strategy to increase power conversion efficiency of linear charge pumps
Authors: Ballo Andrea , Grasso Alfio Dario , Palumbo Gaetano 
Published: October 2019

SummaryThis paper introduces a simple design strategy to increase the power efficiency of linear charge pumps. The technique exploits a voltage amplitude of the clock signal lower than the supply voltage to reduce the power conversion losses. The nominal output voltage is maintained unaltered by increasing the number of stages.
Negative psychological correlates of the pursuit of muscularity among women
Authors: Cunningham Mitchell L. , Szabo Marianna , Kambanis P. Evelyna , Murray Stuart B. , Thomas Jennifer J. , Eddy Kamryn T. , Franko Debra L. , Griffiths Scott 
Published: October 2019

AbstractObjectiveThere is increasing public and scientific focus on women's pursuit of a muscular and toned appearance. However, the psychological correlates of women's drive for muscularity are currently unclear. Therefore, we examined the associations of drive for muscularity with four important negative psychological indices among women: eating disorder (ED) symptoms, and symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress.MethodA sample of 221 university women completed an online survey that included measures assessing the aforementioned constructs.ResultsDrive for muscularity evidenced positive associations with all negative psychological indices, except for anxiety. Muscularity‐oriented attitudes, as opposed to behaviors, demonstrated the strongest associations with ED and depression symptoms.DiscussionOur findings make a novel contribution to the scant literature by demonstrating that women who endorse attitudes and/or behaviors geared toward attaining the female muscular ideal may be susceptible to experiencing ED symptoms and negative emotional states. This study provides preliminary evidence that muscularity‐oriented attitudes, in particular, may be a promising target for the treatment of EDs and negative emotional states in women with a preoccupation toward muscularity.
Relative prey abundance and predator preference predict individual diet variation in prey‐switching experiments
Authors: Coblentz Kyle E. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIndividual diet specialization appears widespread and has several ecological ramifications. Hypotheses on the causes of diet specialization generally assume prey preferences differ among predator individuals. They then predict how the magnitude of diet variation should change when ecological factors (e.g., intraspecific competition) alter prey abundances. However, the magnitude of diet variation is expected to change with prey abundances due to stochasticity in the foraging process even if all predators share the same prey preferences. Here I show that the relative prey abundance where diet variation is maximized and the magnitudes of diet variation in prey switching experiments are predicted well by a simple stochastic foraging model based only on relative prey abundances and a shared relative prey preference among predators. These results suggest that the effects of stochasticity during foraging may confound studies of individual diet specialization if these effects are not accounted for in experimental design or interpretation. Furthermore, the stochastic foraging model provides simple baseline expectations for theoretical studies on the ecological consequences of diet variation and offers a way forward on quantitative predictions of how ecological factors influence the magnitude of diet variation when stochasticity during foraging and diet specialization occur simultaneously. Last, this study highlights the continued importance of integrating stochasticity into mechanistic ecological hypotheses.
Principles of solar energy storage
Authors: Dimitriev Oleg , Yoshida Tsukasa , Sun He 
Published: October 2019

AbstractEnergy storage is one of the most important energetic strategies of the mankind, along with other energy challenges, such as development of energy resources, energy conversion, and energy saving. The problem of energy storage is especially actual in respect to renewable sources of energy, such as sun, wind, tides, which have seasonal or diurnal variations and which therefore are not available at any moment of time. This article overviews the main principles of storage of solar energy for its subsequent long‐term consumption. The methods are separated into two groups: the thermal and photonic methods of energy conversion. The comparison of efficiency of energy production and storage through natural and artificial photosynthesis, sensible and latent heat, chemisorptions and physisorption, chemical and electrochemical reactions is given.