bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Conservation Guidelines for Invertebrate Paleontology Collections
Authors: Waddington Janet B. 
Published: June 2019

THE TERM CONSERVATION refers to the whole subject of the care and treatment of valuable materials. Its definition is two-fold: (1) the control of the environment to minimize the decay of artifacts and materials; and (2) treatment of materials to arrest decay and to stabilize them against further deterioration. Restoration is the continuation of the treatment to return an object without falsification to a state in which it can be displayed (Howie, 1992; series editor's preface). The vast number of specimens in invertebrate paleontology collections makes treatment or restoration impractical or even impossible except for remarkable display specimens. It is possible, however, to control the environment, both physical and procedural, in which collections are maintained. It is easier to prevent deterioration than to fix it once it has occurred. This is the principle of preventive conservation.There is a general misconception, held by many paleontologists, that there are no conservation concerns with paleontology collections, or, if any, the concerns are minor. This unfortunately is not the case; although fossils and their rock matrix have lasted hundreds of millions of years in the earth, once excavated they are subject to many forces of destruction (Crowther and Collins, 1987). Problems in collections occur as a result of many different factors: inappropriate storage environment; inappropriate application of a “universal” treatment; or unstable materials used in preparation and treatment. Minerals such as pyrite may oxidize; shales crack and delaminate. Prepared specimens may include introduced materials such as consolidants and glues that themselves are subject to deterioration. Research into conservation of natural history materials has grown significantly over the past two decades. This paper will emphasize preventive conservation principles to address some of the conservation concerns particularly relevant to paleontological specimens and suggest some practical ways of reducing the risks to the collections.
Therapeutic Plasma Exchange in Neonatal Septic Shock: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Sawyer Taylor , Billimoria Zeenia , Handley Sarah , Smith Kendra , Yalon Larissa , Brogan Thomas V. , DiGeronimo Robert 
Published: June 2019

Objective This study aimed to examine the use of therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) as adjunctive therapy in neonatal septic shock.
Study Design This retrospective cohort study was performed on a convenience sample of neonates in a quaternary children's hospital between January 2018 and February 2019.
Results We identified three neonates with septic shock who received TPE. Two neonates had adenovirus sepsis, and one had group B streptococcal sepsis. All neonates were on extracorporeal life support (ECLS) when TPE was started. The median duration of TPE was 6 days (interquartile range [IQR]: 3–15), with a median of four cycles (IQR: 3–5). Lactate levels decreased significantly after TPE (median before TPE: 5.4 mmol/L [IQR: 2.4–6.1] vs. median after TPE: 1.2 mmol/L [IQR: 1.0–5.8]; p < 0.001). Platelet levels did not change (median before TPE: 73,000/mm3 [IQR: 49,000–100,000] vs. median after TPE: 80,000/mm3 (IQR: 62,000–108,000); p = 0.2). Organ failure indices improved after TPE in two of the three neonates. Hypocalcemia was seen in all cases despite prophylactic calcium infusions. One neonate died, and two survived to ICU discharge.
Conclusion TPE can be safely performed in neonates with septic shock. TPE may have a role as an adjunctive therapy in neonates with septic shock requiring ECLS.
Workability and mechanical property of metakaolin phosphate acid based geopolymer
Authors: Dong Teng , Zhang Ying , Jiang Yixuan , Zhao Guodong , Yu Xingyu 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Metakaolin and different molarity of H3PO4 were used to synthesis metakaolin phosphate acid based geopolymer (PAG) at 45°C and humidity more than 98%. The fluidity of fresh PAG decreases from 15.2 mm to 13.1 mm according to the increasing molarity of H3PO4. Initial setting time and final setting time of fresh PAG increases from 21 h to 62 h and 35 h to 87 h with the molarity of H3PO4 increase from 6 mol/L to 12 mol/L respectively. PAG is an early strength material, and the highest strength of PAG is 120.7 MPa at 28 day and strength at 7day is up to 90.8 MPa. Porosity decreases and pore size increases with the increasing molarity of H3PO4, Pore size between 50 nm and 100 nm is dominated in PAG. Some cracks was observed in hardened PAG.
Mix Optimization of Ultra High-rise Pumping Concrete Based on Efficacy Coefficient Method
Authors: Li Z G , Chen Heng 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
A new method is proposed to evaluate the combination property of ultra-high-rise pumping concrete for mix optimization. The weights of workability, strength and durability in regard to the concrete mix design are computed by the method of variation coefficient. Then, the aspects are unified into one dimensionless parameter named efficacy coefficient, and the performance of concrete is evaluated based on the value of the efficacy coefficient. The results of orthogonal experiments show that: the combination property of concrete can be evaluated successfully with the efficacy coefficient method. The results of optimization meet the requirements of engineering. This method is appropriate for mix optimization of ultra-high-rise pumping concrete.
Study on diffusion range and safe distance of natural gas venting
Authors: Lu Q M , Shu L 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Due to the possible risk of flashover and explosion caused by the venting natural gas, in this paper, the PHAST software was used to determine the safe distance considering different factors. The results shows that the range of flashover is mainly depended on the venting pressure and venting, and once venting velocity within 20×104m3/h, the fire emptying is suggested. The range of flashover of natural gas in different directions were determined.
Requirements and guidelines for enterprise carbon emission management information disclosure
Authors: Zong Jianfang , Bao Wei , Sun Liang 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
As the significant bridge of communication between the enterprise and stakeholder, the enterprise carbon emission management information disclosure has gained more and more attentions. This paper introduces the purposes and basic principles of the enterprise carbon emission management information disclosure, investigates the domestic and overseas carbon emission management information disclosure conditions, illustrates the main contents contained in the enterprise carbon emission management information disclosure, and demonstrates the measurement methods of enterprise carbon emission management information disclosure. Finally, this paper discusses the advantages and disadvantages of establishing the enterprise carbon emission management information disclosure market in China, the significance of implementing the enterprise carbon emission management information disclosure, and prospects the future of enterprise carbon emission management information disclosure.
Study on Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Recompression Cycle System Employing Solar Energy
Authors: Huiyong Chen , Zhiheng Xue , Weifeng Wang , Tao Wu , Chang Fu 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
In this paper, a new kind of power generation system was built, which took solar energy as heat source of the system. All heat exchangers in the system adopted a new kind of heat exchanger type-Printed Circuit Heat Exchanger (PCHE). In order to take advantage of the abrupt property changes near the critical point of carbon dioxide, we selected recompression Brayton cycle. Then, given the operating conditions, the optimization progress was performed and the optimized parameters were obtained.
Thoughts on Carrying out Enterprise Energy Audit under the Background of New and Old Kinetic Energy Conversion
Authors: Guomin SONG 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
As China’s economy shifts from a high-speed growth stage to a high-quality development stage, it is an important measure taken by the country to promote supply-side structural reform to transform old kinetic energy and cultivate new kinetic energy, it is also the only way to promote economic restructuring and upgrading. In this context, this paper focuses on the new and old kinetic energy conversion strategy from the perspective of auditing, discusses the necessity of implementing energy auditing, explains the classification of energy audit, audit procedures, audit content and other issues, and hopes to help transform old and new kinetic energy from the perspective of auditing.
Preparation of biochar microspheres from leaves of several plants by hydrothermal method
Authors: Xia Yi-Chang , Hu Hao-Pan , Li Chun-Hao , Ren Hang , Shi Guimei , Xu Ge , Tian Bo , Shi Fa-Nian 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
In the paper, by means of orthogonal experiment, hydrothermal carbonization method, with the principle of preparation of carbon microspheres from glucose by hydrothermal method as reference and charring three different plants (ginkgo leaf, maple leaf and pine needle), we seek the possibility to carbonize plants into porous carbon with specific morphology and then to use the biochar for negative electrode of lithium ion battery. In process of the research, it was found that biochar microspheres (0.5um-5um) existed in several plant carbon obtained by hydrothermal carbonization, and some special elements (Mg, K, Ca, etc) were doped. Therefore, different materials were studied separately, the reaction temperature and reaction time were changed, and ultrasonic oscillation processing was used to find the best conditions for the preparation of biochar microspheres with specific doped elements, uniform particle size distribution and high yield.
Adaptability Planning of Transmission Grid with Integration of High-proportion Renewable Energy
Authors: Huaqiang Li , Ziyao Wang , Jinzhu Fan , Wanyu Liu 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The large-scale integration of renewable energy to power grid is an important feature of future power system development, but renewable energy has strong fluctuation and high uncertainty, which will have a strong impact on power grid. In order to ensure the safe, efficient and reliable operation of power system, improve the acceptability of renewable energy in power grid planning, it is urgent to evaluate the adaptability of power grid structure to the strong fluctuation and uncertainty of renewable energy. Considering that the adaptability of power grid has a broad meaning and is difficult to quantify, this paper analyses the characteristics and actual operation state of the high-penetration renewable energy system and establishes an adaptability index series of power gird structure considering operation safety, efficiency and stability. Based on the adaptability indexes, a multi-objective transmission planning model is put forward. The improved chaotic crossover genetic algorithm and the nonlinear PCA method are used to solve the planning model. Finally, the simulation of Gaver-18 bus system demonstrates the feasibility and effectiveness of the adaptability indexes and planning model.
Suggestions for development of solar photovoltaic power generation projects in Guangdong Province
Authors: Han Miaomiao , Liu Xinxi 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
In this paper, the solar energy resources in Guangdong Province are divided into three categories according to the development and utilization value, and the development and evaluation of distributed photovoltaic projects and grid-connected photovoltaic projects are carried out for each region. According to the calculation results and sensitivity analysis, the development and evaluation suggestions for photovoltaic power generation projects in Guangdong Province are obtain.
Study on the Influence of Asphalt Content on Fatigue Life of Asphalt Mixture
Authors: Peng LIU , Jian WANG , Wei ZHUANG , Hao CHEN , Sai CHEN , Yu-feng BI 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The fatigue failure form of asphalt pavement is not reflected in the design index of asphalt mixture proportion when determining the optimum asphalt content in the existing asphalt mixture proportion design. In order to solve the problem, the effect of different asphalt content on the fatigue life of three types of asphalt mixtures was studied by indirect tensile fatigue test.The results show that: (1) the splitting strength of asphalt mixture decreases with the increase of asphalt content; (2) the fatigue life of asphalt mixture increases first and then decreases with the increase of asphalt content; (3) the order of sensitivity of fatigue life of three types of asphalt mixture to asphalt content is: AC-5 > STRATA > ATB-25.Some useful suggestions are put forward for the design of asphalt mixture with good fatigue resistance.
Numerical Study on Oblique Hysteresis Performance of Composite-sectioned Square Concrete-filled Stainless Steel Tubular Columns
Authors: Zheng YuTing , Zheng LianQiong 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The composite-sectioned square concrete-filled stainless steel tubular column has the characteristics of high rigidity, strong integrity, reasonable force, beautiful structure and low maintenance cost. It has good performance in marine platform and cross-sea bridge structure and urban landmark buildings with high corrosion resistance. However, there are few studies on the performance and design methods of this kind of structure, which restricts its application. In this paper, Finite-element models (FEMs) for analyzing the tangential hysteresis behavior of the composite-sectioned square concrete-filled stainless steel tubular columns were established and verified. A parametric study was conducted on the influence of axial compression ratio, internal and external tube diameter ratio, and oblique angle. The calculated results showed that, the composite-sectioned square concrete-filled stainless steel tubular column has good oblique hysteresis ability, but the larger axial pressure ratio or larger oblique angle will weaken the capacity, while the pipe diameter has little effect on it.
Finite Element Analysis of the Joint Surface of Concrete Filled Steel Tubular Frame Column and Precast Shear Wall
Authors: Yang Shaokun , Zheng Lianqiong 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
In order to study the connection performance of a new type of shear key to concrete filled steel tubular (CFST) frame column and precast shear wall, a numerical model is established by using the finite element software Abaqus, the mechanical properties of the combined shear wall are studied by the strength of post-poured concrete, the yield strength of the shear key steel and the spacing between the shearing bonds. The results show that the failure modes of specimens are mainly related to the strength of post-poured concrete and the yield strength of shear keys. When the specimens are damaged by shear bonds, the bearing capacity and ductility of the specimens increase obviously with the increase of the yield strength of the shear key steel and the shortening of the spacing between the shear keys. The change of strength of post-poured concrete has little effect on the working performance of specimens. When the specimens are damaged by post-poured concrete, the stiffness of the specimens is larger and the ductility is worse.
Discussions about Water Resources Allocation
Authors: WEN Qing , ZHANG Liudong , Fei Xingxing , LI Jingdong 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Based on the reasons of water resources allocation, the current domestic water resources distribution profile is analyzed, which can provide a theoretical basis for the future development of water resources allocation in various regions. Water resources allocation is one of the effective means to solve the uneven distribution of water resources in China. This paper reviews its development process, summarizes the development process of water resources allocation model, and forecasts the future development trend of water resources allocation research.
Determination of Tiopronin using Potassium Bichromate Discoloring Spectrophotometry
Authors: Wen Xinrong , Tu Changqing 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
A new method for the determination of tiopronin by potassium dichromate discoloring spectrophotometry is established. The optimal conditions for the discoloring spectrophotometric determination of tiopronin by potassium bichromate are discussed. In the sulfuric acid medium, potassium bichromate can oxidize tiopronin, and its absorbance decreases with the increase of tiopronin concentration. The decrease value of absorbance is linearly related to the concentration of tiopronin, and the content of tiopronin can be indirectly determinated by measuring the decrease value of absorbance. Within the scope of 0.02000-0.2000 mg/mL, the equation of linear regression is ΔA=-0.005+1.96C (mg/mL), and linear correlation coefficient is 0.9991. This method is used to the determination of tiopronin in tiopronin tablets, and the results consistent with standard method.
Geostatistical estimation analysis of typical Carlin gold deposit in Hunan province, China
Authors: Huang S , Xie Y L 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
In this paper, 3D mining modelling software was used to construct the 3D geological model of Typical Carlin gold deposit in Hunan province of China, and the geostatistics theories are also involved for the resource estimation which offer references for additional exploration and mining plans. Access database was constructed for gold deposit, topo DTM, mineralised body models and grade models are constructed by Surpac, and also analysis of the spatial grade distribution in reality was completed with statistic softwares. By using of geostatistics, assay samples are composited and analysed statistically and outliers influence was reduced to certail level. Experimental Variation functions were constructed for the strike, dip and vertical directions. Certain attributes are estimated by Ordinary Kriging estimation method. Comparing to the traditional estimation methods, estimation under 3D block model can obtain more reliable analysis results, which have significant reference values for dynamic management of mine operation.
FeCo1.6Mn0.4O4 microspheres as catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction
Authors: Wang Bowen , Zhang Ru , Lei Ming 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The representative spinel-type materials AB2O4 (Both of A and B are transition metals) electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) have been investigated widely. But FeCo2O4 was not explored widely as the ORR electrocatalyst. The element of B site in AB2O4 had a determined influence on the electrochemical performance of the sample according to the previous research. In this work, a part of Co element at B site in FeCo2O4 was doped by Mn to improve the electrochemical performance for the popular research. FeCo1.6Mn0.4O4 microspheres were prepared and characterized with XRD, SEM, XPS. The electrochemical performances were tested and the results were analyzed. Meanwhile, the stability and methanol tolerance ability of catalysts were also measured. The work found a superior performance and non-precious catalyst for oxygen reduction reaction.
Thermosensitive N-isopropylacrylamide Nanoparticles Hydrogel Application on Biomolecules Identification
Authors: Zhang Herong , Kang Linlin , Xue Min 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Intelligent hydrogel is hydrophilic polymer gel which is immiscible but significantly swells in water. Thermosensitive nanoparticles hydrogel is a kind of intelligent hydrogels, and its volume phase could change with the external temperature value resulting to its typical of low critical solution temperature. It has extraordinary nanometer characterization and sensitivity to the stimulus of the environmental conditions. In recent years, thermosensitive N-isopropylacrylamide nanoparticles hydrogel are one of the hotspots in hydrogels research. They have attracted much attention in the field of biomedicine due to their good biocompatibility and sensitive temperature response. Thermosensitive N-isopropylacrylamide nanoparticles hydrogel show good application prospects in drug delivery system, protein separation, medical diagnosis, biosensors, biomaterials and other fields. In this paper, the application research and development prospect of N-isopropylacrylamide thermosensitive nanoparticles hydrogel in macromolecule recognition was mainly summarized from protein to peptide. Moreover, the employ of nanoparticles in drug delivery and release, and capillary electrophoresis for DNA separation were also overviewed. Further promising applications of this biological material in macromolecule recognition are ever-accelerated. It is expected that thermosensitive N-isopropylacrylamide nanoparticles hydrogel will break through the limitations of biomedical field and be widely used in other fields.
Recent advances in hydrogen storage of MgH2 doped by Ni
Authors: Liu Huan , Wang Zhenzhong , Zhang Jianzhong , Tao Bin , Liu Quanzhen 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Efficient hydrogen storage remains a tough challenge for the past decades, and MgH2/Mg systems seems as a most promising solution due to its high hydrogen capacity, low cost and universal abundance. However, high sorption temperatures, sluggish kinetics of hydrogen desorption, and poor cycle performances of the MgH2/Mg systems hinder further applications. In this review, both experimental and theoretical researches of Ni doping MgH2 materials are presented aiming at improving the hydrogen desorption/absorption performances, and some realistic perspectives are also provided for further investigations.
The Oil and Gas Industry and the Development of the Natural Gas Automobile Industry
Authors: Zhang Hao , Yin Dandan 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Since the 21st century, the natural gas industry has matured gradually with the accelerating consumption of oil resource, so that the traditional gas-guzzling automobile industry developed a new direction for the new fuel-efficient car industry. The proportion of natural gas import continues to increase with the continuous downturn of oil price. This is not a lack of domestic gas supply capacity, but follows market and current policy trends to encourage gas imports. For decades, Europe and Japan have invested a lot of money and manpower used in automobile alternative clean fuels, research, development and test of new car, and accumulated rich experience in technology and popularization. Although it started late in China, it is close to or above the international level in some technical fields, such as electric cars.
Preparation of mullite fine powder and its characterization were prepared by sol-gel method
Authors: ZHANG Li , HAN Guo-cai 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
High purity mullite powder was prepared by sol-gel method. Mullite was prepared with Ethyl orthosilicate, nitric acid aluminum, hydrochloric acid, anhydrous alcohol and distilled water as raw material by sol-gel method. After drying, calcining and grinding, the precursor gel is prepared with mullite power. This paper tries to adopt the control variable method and the properties of mullite powder are studied under different pH values and other experiment conditions. All the studies showed that when the PH value was 2-3, the prepared mullite micropowder generally had smaller particle size and higher purity.