bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Significance of climate change in the emergence of human fascioliasis in Upper Egypt
Authors: Zanaty Naglaa , Ibrahim Nagat , Ramadan Haidi Karam-Allah , Ahmad Alzahraa Abdelraouf , Saad-Hussein Amal 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
Climate change in the upcoming years will raise the health burden of zoonotic parasites. As a liver fluke, Fasciola depends on certain climate conditions to complete its life cycle and is significantly influenced by climate changes. We aimed to investigate the relationship between the increasing prevalence of human fascioliasis and climate changes in Upper Egypt.

Methods
Records of Fasciola cases in Assiut Governorate in Upper Egypt were evaluated between September 2018 and March 2023. The annual and monthly climate parameters of the region’s temperature and humidity acquired from ERA5 and FLDAS were investigated between 2000 and 2023.

Results
A total of 303 patients were included. The mean age was 33.9 ± 17.4 years; 57.1% were females, and the majority were rural residents. Positive correlations were found between temperature and the recorded cases in 2018, 2020, 2021, and 2022 (r = 0.92, 0.41, 0.61, and 0.60, respectively). In 2018 and 2022, humidity and Fasciola frequency had a significant positive correlation (r = 0.97 and 0.49, respectively). An outbreak of fascioliasis was recorded in September 2018, coinciding with the peak temperature and high humidity levels, exceeding the average climatology range from 2000 to 2017. The recorded cases exhibited a seasonal pattern, with peaks in hot, humid summer and autumn.

Conclusion
The rise of human fascioliasis in Upper Egypt is influenced by local climate characteristics. A climate-based map of Fasciola distribution using forecast risk models is needed to predict future outbreaks and for better control.
A call for a coherent One Health strategy for the surveillance of climate-sensitive infectious diseases in the Canadian Arctic and subarctic regions
Authors: Daigle Laurence , Nury Charlotte , Delesalle Léa , Villeneuve Carol-Anne , Colinas Juliette , Leighton Patrick A. , Carabin Hélène , Zinszer Kate , Hillier Sean , Jenkins Emily , Aenishaenslin Cécile 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Introduction
The increased burden of climate-sensitive infectious diseases (CSIDs) within the circumpolar region, one of the many impacts of climate change, is impacting human, animal and ecosystem health. An integrated One Health approach to surveillance of CSIDs has been promoted by the scientific community as a prerequisite to enhance preparedness and response. Up to now, little is known about how the One Health approach has been implemented in surveillance systems for CSIDs in the Arctic and surrounding regions.

Objectives
The objectives of this study were to map surveillance activities currently implemented in the Canadian Arctic and subarctic for the 16 CSID identified by the Arctic Council, to describe how One Health has been operationalized in these activities, and to explore the integration and leadership of Indigenous partners in current surveillance systems.

Method
We performed the mapping in three steps: a rapid review of the scientific literature, a review of the grey literature and an online questionnaire sent to key stakeholders involved in CSID surveillance in the Canadian Arctic and subarctic regions.

Results and conclusions
We identified 37 scientific peer-reviewed and 58 grey literature records. We mapped (1) surveillance of mandatory notifiable diseases at the federal, provincial or territorial levels not specific to the Arctic and subarctic regions, and (2) non-mandatory surveillance programs specific to the Arctic and subarctic regions. We described programs targeting either a single disease, human populations or wildlife. In most programs, there was no explicit mention of the integration of the One Health approach, and little information was available on collaboration efforts between sectors. Programs involved Indigenous communities at various levels, ranging from very low communication to community members, to high involvement and leadership in program management. Improvement in current CSID surveillance activities in Canada should include enhancing information accessibility, ensuring geographic representation, fostering sustainability in implementation of One Health strategies, and stronger involvement of Indigenous communities in the leadership of surveillance systems. An internationally harmonised approach across the Arctic and subarctic regions for all CSIDs has the potential to unify circumpolar surveillance efforts, save resources, and ultimately better inform public health authorities on the actions to prioritize in the context of climate change.
Ties that bind: understanding One Health networks and participation for zoonoses prevention and control in India
Authors: Asaaga Festus A. , Shakeer Irfan , Sriram Aditi , Chhotaria Kashish , Dutta Seshadri , Narayanaswamy Darshan , Amankwaa Godfred , Chanda Mohammed M. , Hoti Subhash L. , Young Juliette C. , Purse Bethan V. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
Cross-sectoral collaborations as exemplified by the One Health approach, are widely endorsed as pragmatic avenues for addressing zoonotic diseases, but operationalisation remain limited in low-and-middle income countries (LMICs). Complexities and competing interests and agendas of key stakeholders and the underlying politico-administrative context can all shape outcomes of collaborative arrangements. Evidence is building that organised collaborations are complex political initiatives where different objectives; individual and institutional agendas need to be reconciled to incentivise collaborations.

Methods
Drawing on a qualitative network analysis of published sources on ‘One Health’ stakeholders supplemented with 26 multi-scale (national-state-district level) key-informant interviews (including policymakers, disease managers and public health experts), this paper characterises the fragmented and complex characteristics of institutional networks involved in zoonoses prevention and control in India.

Results
Our results highlight how the local socio-political and institutional contexts interact to modulate how and when collaborations occur (or not), the associated contingencies and stakeholder innovations in circumventing existing barriers (e.g. competing interests, distrust between actors, departmental bureaucracy) to cross-sector collaborations and zoonoses management. Aside from principal actors negotiating common ground in some instance, they also capitalised on political/institutional pressure to subtly ‘manipulate’ their subordinates as a way of fostering collaboration, especially in instances when the institutional and political stakes are high.

Conclusion
Altogether our findings suggest that cross-sectoral collaborations are by-product of political and institutional tinkering as long as individual actors and institutional interests converge and these dynamics must be embraced to embed meaningful and sustainable collaborations in local socio-political and administrative contexts.
Decoding the role of NOS3 rs1799983 and PON1 rs662 variants in cardiovascular diseases
Authors: Aamir Kainat , Aslam Sara , Suleman Hafiz Muhammed , Khalid Ammara 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are complex diseases determined by various environmental risk factors and genetic susceptibility, and NOS3 and PON1 are considered one of the susceptible genes for CVD. Our study aims to evaluate the association of NOS3 rs1799983 and PON1 rs662 variants with CVD.

Methods
A case–control study was conducted among equal number (252) of cases and controls in the Pakistani population to investigate the significance of NOS3 (rs1799983) and PON1 (rs662) variants in causing CVD risk. Genotyping was performed using Tetra-ARMS PCR to evaluate the genotype–phenotype correlation. For meta-analysis, the case–control studies of NOS3 rs1799983 and PON1 (rs662) variants and CVD were included by searching various databases according to PRISMA guideline. Eligible data were extracted and pooled and were analyzed using Review Manager version 5.4 based on four different genetic models.

Results
Our case–control study showed that both NOS3 rs1799983 (OR = 2.39, p =  < 0.0001, AIC value = 710.50) and PON1 rs662 (OR = 7.30, p =  < 0.0001, AIC value = 680.10) variants significantly increase the risk of CVD under recessive genetic contrast model. The meta-analysis of NOS3 rs1799983 showed association with CVD under all four genetic model's understudy, however, no heterogeneity was found under recessive model only. Meta-analysis for PON1 rs662 showed association with homozygous genetic contrast model only, whereas heterogeneity was observed under all the genetic model's understudy.

Conclusions
We found NOS3 rs1799983 was associated with the increased risk of CVD under four genetic contrast models, while PON1 rs662 polymorphisms associated with homozygous genetic contrast model in different populations only. These results can be utilized to identify individuals at high risk of CVDs and for disease management.
Retinoic acid inhibition of cell proliferation via activation of CDKN1B signaling in the forebrain and spinal cord during mouse embryonic development
Authors: Said Ahmed , AbdElkhalek Amira S. , Sherief Mariam , Amir Lydia , Samy Maysem , Nabil Mariam S. , Safwat Gehan , Diab Ayman A. , Nasraldin Karima 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
The active metabolite of vitamin A (retinol) is retinoic acid (RA). RA is essential for developing several organs as a signaling molecule that is tightly regulated during embryogenesis. We explored the teratogenic effects of RA on forebrain and spinal cord development modified by cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1B (CDKN1B), as the mechanism underlying RA's teratogenic impacts requires further investigation. The study involved four groups of pregnant mice: the negative control group, the positive control group treated with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) diluted in sunflower oil, the RA-treated group receiving a low dosage (5 mg/kg), and the RA-treated group receiving a high dosage (10 mg/kg). The treatment groups received daily intraperitoneal RA dissolved in DMSO and diluted with sunflower oil on gestational days 10.5, 11.5, and 12.5. On day 13.5 of pregnancy, the pregnant mice were euthanized by cervical dislocation, and immunohistochemical analyses of brain and spinal cord tissues were performed.

Results
Morphologically, we observed a decrease in the number of implantation sites and the presence of hematomas in several uterus areas in the high-dose RA (10 mg/kg) group. Additionally, RA was shown to cause adverse changes in uterine weight and length. RA treatment indicated elevated levels of CDKN1B expression in spinal cord development, the diencephalon, and the telencephalon.

Conclusion
Our findings demonstrated that by activating CDKN1B as an RA target gene for cell cycle arrest, an excess of RA during brain development in mouse embryos can induce cell undifferentiation during development.
Advanced testing and biocompatibility strategies for sustainable biomaterials
Authors: Sharma Shraddha Jain , Gupta Ratnalata , Gupta Mayank 
Published: November 2024

AbstractTo ensure the quality, dependability, and long life of sustainable biomaterials, we need comprehensive testing methods. These are for use in varied applications. This chapter provides an in-depth examination. It is of both destructive and non-destructive testing techniques. The techniques are for sustainable biomaterials. Recent advancements in testing technologies are also discussed. This includes machine learning and multi-modal imaging. Destructive testing techniques are used. Tensile testing, impact testing, chemical analysis, and accelerated aging evaluations are employed. These gather essential data. The data is regarding properties and performance of materials. In contrast to this, non-destructive testing methods are used. These include ultrasound, infrared spectroscopy, and imaging techniques. They allow for evaluation without causing damage to the biomaterials. Incorporating environmental impact assessments is discussed. It includes life cycle analysis. It underscores the significance of sustainability in evaluating testing procedures. The section focuses on techniques and approaches. These are required to ensure compatibility of materials in various fields. The aim of this chapter is to equip researchers. It is to equip engineers and practitioners with necessary knowledge and resources. The aim is to assess the efficiency and suitability of sustainable biomaterials. The materials are for various applications. This is done by delving into these evaluation techniques.
Graphical abstract
Insulinoma With Ambiguous Biochemistry, Positive 68Ga-DOTA-Exendin-4 PET-CT, and Effective Endoscopic Ablation
Authors: Loo Fernando Jia Jing , Lee Melvin Kok Seng , Huang Hian Liang , Vu Charles Kien Fong , Kon Yin Chian 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
A 75-year-old female presented with fasting hypoglycemic episodes. A supervised fast ended at 72 hours fulfilling Whipple triad, with suppressed insulin and C-peptide levels, but discordantly suppressed serum β-hydroxybutyrate levels. After 21 months of recurring symptoms, a repeat fast ended at 48 hours with Whipple triad, suppressed serum β-hydroxybutyrate level, and borderline nonsuppressed C-peptide level, suggesting endogenous hyperinsulinism. Serum insulin levels were discordantly suppressed. Computed tomography (CT) of the abdomen demonstrated an enhancing 1.36 × 0.93-cm nodule in the head of the pancreas. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided fine-needle aspirate of the lesion derived cytology consistent with a neuroendocrine tumor, but fine-needle core biopsy returned normal pancreatic tissue. Because the results were equivocal, functional imaging with 68Gallium-DOTA-exendin-4 positron emission tomography CT was performed, which confirmed the diagnosis of a single head-of-pancreas insulinoma. The patient declined surgical resection. Oral diazoxide therapy resulted in significant peripheral edema. Hence, EUS-guided radiofrequency ablation of the lesion was performed, and the patient remains symptom free 10 months postprocedure. This case illustrates that (1) exendin-4–based positron emission tomography may help one confidently diagnose and localize insulinoma when prior biochemical or endoscopic biopsy results are ambiguous; and (2) EUS-guided radiofrequency ablation is an efficacious alternative option to surgical resection in the frail, elderly patient with insulinoma.
The Relationship between Hexa Helix and Marketing Performance of Food Product SMEs for Souvenirs: The Mediating Effect of Product Innovation and Integrated Marketing
Authors: Melany Melany , Pasla Peter Remy Yosy , Widyaningrum Santi , Taneo Stefanus Yufra Menahen , Noya Sunday , Christian Aland 
Published: November 2024

Purpose: Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) play an important role in the Indonesian economy, yet their marketing performance remains low due to various interrelated causal factors. This study aims to explore the Hexa Helix as an independent variable that affects the marketing performance of SMEs producing food products for souvenirs, with product innovation and integrated marketing as mediating factors.
Methodology/Approach: Data were collected from 448 respondents, who are owners and managers of SMEs in Malang Regency. Data were analysed using WarpPLS due to its flexibility in analysing mediating variables.
Findings: The results showed that the Hexa Helix significantly and positively affects the marketing performance of food SMEs for souvenirs.
Research Limitation/Implication: This study did not analyse the interactions between helices but looked at the six components as a whole. Future research can reveal the role of each actor and their interactions that determine the important role of the hexa helix. The implications for integrated marketing strategies for SMEs.
Originality/Value of paper: Previous studies placed the hexa helix or other helix as a moderating or mediating variable. This research places the hexa helix as an independent variable and proves that multi-stakeholders affect product innovation and integrated marketing in improving marketing performance.
When academic impact is not enough: a concept mapping study characterising excellence in practice-based research
Authors: von Thiele Schwarz Ulrica , Hedberg Rundgren Emma , Uvhagen Håkan , Hedberg Rundgren Åsa 
Published: November 2024

Background:
Research quality is often discussed in terms of excellence, emphasising replicability and trustworthiness. Practice-based research instead emphasises implementability and practical impact, and thus, may reflect other values and logics and challenge how high-quality practice-based research is defined. The aim of this study is to explore what characterises excellent practice-based research.

Method:
R&D staff at social and health care organisations in Sweden were invited to participate in a concept mapping study. Forty-eight participants were prompted to finish the sentence: ‘Excellent practice-based research is characterised by …’ in a brainstorming session. Next, participants (n=22) worked individually to sort statements by similarity and rate perceived importance (n=13) and experience (n=10). Data was analysed with multidimensional scaling, cluster analysis and t-tests. Lastly, a digital workshop with 50 participants was conducted to facilitate the interpretation of cluster solutions.

Results:
Eighty-three statements were distilled into 11 clusters from characteristics typical for traditional academic values (for example, ‘deploying appropriate methods’) and practice-based research (for example, ‘being actionable’) to characteristics emphasising the unique blend between them, such as ‘capturing and conveying reality’ and ‘embracing different agendas and perspectives’, the latter rated as the most important quality of excellent practice-based research, followed by ‘deploying appropriate methods’ and ‘being actionable’.

Conclusions:
Practice-based research is a complex field, addressing both ‘why things are’ and ‘how they work’. This study offers insights into how excellent practice-based research can be defined, broadening the view of what excellence entails.
Demokrasi dan Transformasi Digital : Analisis Digitalisasi Politik Melalui Penerapan E-Voting dalam Meningkatkan Mutu Demokrasi
Authors: Sadam Muhammad , Araafi Faathur Al , Arafah Yusran 
Published: November 2024

In the rapidly evolving digital era, many democracies are undertaking digital transformation through the implementation of e-voting. E-voting is a digital system that aims to be a transformation tool in the voting mechanism, this will make changes in the election method that was previously carried out conventionally to digitalization. In conducting the research, the author adopts a qualitative approach through a literature study to explore the relationship between democracy and digital transformation through the implementation of e-voting. The application of e-voting in the electoral system can provide several advantages in increasing efficiency, participation, and transparency. However, there are several challenges that need to be observed related to the implementation of e-voting, where the security aspect is an issue that needs to be considered. The vulnerability of e-voting systems can be an important discourse to prevent cyber-attacks and vote manipulation that can reduce the integrity of democracy. Therefore, e-voting systems need to be equipped with good security procedures to protect voters from data manipulation through various cyber-attacks. Thus, the presence of an e-voting system can be an effective tool in improving the quality of democracy, although it has some security issues that need to be considered. Keywords: Democracy, Transformation, Digital, E-voting
OCR Approaches for Humanities: Applications of Artificial Intelligence/Machine Learning on Transcription and Transliteration of Historical Documents
Authors: Khan Arsh , Rai Utsav , Singh Shashank Shekhar , Yamamoto Yukinori , Ibarreche Xabier Granja , Meadows Harrison , Gleyzer Sergei 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Recent advances have made Artificial Intelligence/Machine Learning (AI/ML) processes increasingly relevant to business, healthcare, finance, retail, and telecommunications interests. The objective of the present study is to explore the potential to leverage modern machine learning algorithms directly into humanities research fields. To do so, the renAIssance project was created, aiming to examine various possibilities of using AI/ML algorithms for Optical Character Recognition (OCR) to accelerate and improve the accuracy of automatized transcription in digitized historical archival documents. This article considers the state of the field as it pertains to the main processes used in natural language processing. It also explores difficulties arising from salient features of early modern printing practices that diverge from modern typographical conventions. Four AI/ML approaches were employed to achieve context-rich processing of a specifically selected historical archival dataset: Convolutional Neural Networks, Sequence-to-Sequence Contrastive Learning (SeqCLR), Vision Transformers, and Transformer-based OCR (TrOCR). The archival corpus consisted of 931 pages, 2,082 folios, and 61 manual transcriptions as ground truth to train the algorithms. This study reports on the accuracy achieved by each of the four methods when transcribing and transliterating early modern documents. Finally, it offers suggestions for future implementations to apply AI/ML tools to the analysis of archival sources commonly handled by researchers on humanities fields such as literature and history.
Sonographic visualization and measurement of the fetal optic chiasm and optic tract and association with the cavum septum pellucidum
Authors: Can Sevim Tuncer , Golbasi Hakan , Bayraktar Burak , Saglam Ceren , Omeroglu Ibrahim , Torun Raziye , Ucar Ilker , Toka Ilknur Gumus , Ekin Atalay 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objectives
To assess the sonographic visualization of the fetal optic chiasm (OC) and optic tracts (OTs), establish mid-trimester reference values, and assess the relationship between OC and OT dimensions and cavum septum pellucidum (CSP) measurements.

Methods
This prospective cross-sectional study included 154 morphologically normal fetuses between 19 and 23 weeks of gestation. The diameters of the fetal OC and OTs were measured using two-dimensional transabdominal ultrasound in a transventricular axial section angled approximately 20–40° caudally. CSP length as well as anterior, middle, and posterior widths were measured by placing the cursor on the inner surfaces in the transventricular section. The average CSP width was included in the analysis.

Results
The OC and OTs were successfully visualized in 109 fetuses and included in the analysis. Visualization success in transabdominal axial sections at 19–23 weeks was 70.8 %, with high intraobserver and interobserver reproducibility. Additionally, visualization rates were higher in advanced gestational weeks and in fetuses with breech presentation (p=0.007 and p=0.017, respectively). OC and OT dimensions were positively correlated with CSP length and width, biparietal diameter (BPD), head circumference (HC), and gestational age (p<0.05, for all).

Conclusions
The OC and OTs were successfully visualized transabdominally in axial sections with high intraobserver and interobserver reproducibility. Additionally, OC and OT dimensions were positively correlated with gestational age, as well as with BPD, HC, and CSP measurements.