bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of juvenility-associated genes in the mouse hepatocytes and cardiomyocytes
Authors: Jam Faidruz Azura , Kadota Yosuke , Mendsaikhan Anarmaa , Tooyama Ikuo , Mori Masaki 
Published: February 2018

AbstractYoung individuals possess distinct properties that adults do not. The juvenile animals show higher activities for growth, healing, learning and plasticity than adults. The machinery for establishing these juvenile properties is not fully understood. To better understand the molecular constituents for the above properties, we performed a comprehensive transcriptome analysis of differently aged cells of mice by high-throughput sequencing and identified the genes selectively highly expressed in the young cells. These genes, collectively called as juvenility-associated genes (JAGs), show significant enrichments in the functions such as alternative splicing, phosphorylation and extracellular matrix (ECM). This implies the juvenescence might be achieved by these functions at the cell level. The JAG mutations are associated with progeria syndromes and growth disorders. Thus, the JAGs might organize the juvenile property of young animals and analysis of JAGs may provide scientific and therapeutic approaches toward treating the genetic diseases.
First evidence for a multienzyme complex of lipid biosynthesis pathway enzymes in Cunninghamella bainieri
Authors: Shuib Shuwahida , Ibrahim Izyanti , Mackeen Mukram Mohamed , Ratledge Colin , Hamid Aidil Abdul 
Published: February 2018

AbstractMalic enzyme (ME) plays a vital role in determining the extent of lipid accumulation in oleaginous fungi being the major provider of NADPH for the activity of fatty acid synthase (FAS). We report here the first direct evidence of the existence of a lipogenic multienzyme complex (the lipid metabolon) involving ME, FAS, ATP: citrate lyase (ACL), acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), pyruvate carboxylase (PC) and malate dehydrogenase (MDH) in Cunninghamella bainieri 2A1. Cell-free extracts prepared from cells taken in both growth and lipid accumulation phases were prepared by protoplasting and subjected to Blue Native (BN)-PAGE coupled with liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). A high molecular mass complex (approx. 3.2 MDa) consisting of the above enzymes was detected during lipid accumulation phase indicating positive evidence of multienzyme complex formation. The complex was not detected in cells during the balanced phase of growth or when lipid accumulation ceased, suggesting that it was transiently formed only during lipogenesis.
Electromagnetically induced polarization grating
Authors: Zhao Lu 
Published: February 2018

AbstractBased on electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT), we investigate an all-optical grating structure to realize polarization-dependent multiple beam splitting in the Raman-Nath limit. To optimize the grating performance, higher excited state [e.g., nS1/2 (n ≥ 6)] of ultracold 87Rb atoms is employed to construct a five-level Ξ-Λ system sharing one common populated ground state. A principal advantage of our proposed scheme is that the σ± components of a linearly polarized weak probe field can be decoupled and thus be independently diffracted with high efficiency in both one and two dimensions by exploiting different quasi-standing waves as the two strong coupling fields in the Ξ and Λ configurations. Such an all-optical polarization-sensitive operation could greatly enhance the tunability and capacity of all-optical multiplexing, interconnecting, and networking in free space for both classical and quantum applications.
Social inhibition and behavioural flexibility when the context changes: a comparison across six primate species
Authors: Amici Federica , Call Josep , Watzek Julia , Brosnan Sarah , Aureli Filippo 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe ability to inhibit previously employed strategies and flexibly adjust behavioural responses to external conditions may be critical for individual survival. However, it is unclear which factors predict their distribution across species. Here, we investigated social inhibition and behavioural flexibility in six primate species (chimpanzees, bonobos, orangutans, gorillas, capuchin monkeys and spider monkeys) differing in terms of phylogenetic relatedness, foraging ecology and social organization. Depending on the social context, individuals could maximize their food intake by inhibiting the selection of a larger food reward in one condition (i.e. inhibition), but not in others, which required them to flexibly switching strategies across conditions (i.e. behavioural flexibility). Overall, our study revealed inter-specific differences in social inhibition and behavioural flexibility, which partially reflected differences in fission-fusion dynamics. In particular, orangutans and chimpanzees showed the highest level of inhibitory skills, while gorillas and capuchin monkeys showed the lowest one. In terms of behavioural flexibility, orangutans and spider monkeys were the best performers, while bonobos and capuchin monkeys were the worst ones. These results contribute to our understanding that inhibition and behavioural flexibility may be linked in more complex ways than usually thought, although both abilities play a crucial role in efficient problem solving.
Identification of G-quadruplex clusters by high-throughput sequencing of whole-genome amplified products with a G-quadruplex ligand
Authors: Yoshida Wataru , Saikyo Hiroki , Nakabayashi Kazuhiko , Yoshioka Hitomi , Bay Daniyah Habiballah , Iida Keisuke , Kawai Tomoko , Hata Kenichiro , Ikebukuro Kazunori , Nagasawa Kazuo , Karube Isao 
Published: February 2018

AbstractG-quadruplex (G4) is a DNA secondary structure that has been found to play regulatory roles in the genome. The identification of G4-forming sequences is important to study the specific structure-function relationships of such regions. In the present study, we developed a method for identification of G4 clusters on genomic DNA by high-throughput sequencing of genomic DNA amplified via whole-genome amplification (WGA) in the presence of a G4 ligand. The G4 ligand specifically bound to G4 structures on genomic DNA; thus, DNA polymerase was arrested on the G4 structures stabilised by G4 ligand. We utilised the telomestatin derivative L1H1-7OTD as a G4 ligand and demonstrated that the efficiency of amplification of the G4 cluster regions was lower than that of the non-G4-forming regions. By high-throughput sequencing of the WGA products, 9,651 G4 clusters were identified on human genomic DNA. Among these clusters, 3,766 G4 clusters contained at least one transcriptional start site, suggesting that genes are regulated by G4 clusters rather than by one G4 structure.
Exotic multifractal conductance fluctuations in graphene
Authors: Amin Kazi Rafsanjani , Ray Samriddhi Sankar , Pal Nairita , Pandit Rahul , Bid Aveek 
Published: February 2018

AbstractIn quantum systems, signatures of multifractality are rare. They have been found only in the multiscaling of eigenfunctions at critical points. Here we demonstrate multifractality in the magnetic field-induced universal conductance fluctuations of the conductance in a quantum condensed matter system, namely, high-mobility single-layer graphene field-effect transistors. This multifractality decreases as the temperature increases or as doping moves the system away from the Dirac point. Our measurements and analysis present evidence for an incipient Anderson-localization near the Dirac point as the most plausible cause for this multifractality. Our experiments suggest that multifractality in the scaling behavior of local eigenfunctions are reflected in macroscopic transport coefficients. We conjecture that an incipient Anderson-localization transition may be the origin of this multifractality. It is possible that multifractality is ubiquitous in transport properties of low-dimensional systems. Indeed, our work suggests that we should look for multifractality in transport in other low-dimensional quantum condensed-matter systems.
Dual-wavelength 3D photoacoustic imaging of mammalian cells using a photoswitchable phytochrome reporter protein
Authors: Märk Julia , Dortay Hakan , Wagener Asja , Zhang Edward , Buchmann Jens , Grötzinger Carsten , Friedrich Thomas , Laufer Jan 
Published: February 2018

AbstractPhotoacoustic imaging has been shown to provide high-resolution images of genetically labelled cells at depths that are inaccessible to optical microscopy. While the detection of genetic reporters, such as fluorescent proteins and pigments, has been demonstrated using multiwavelength imaging and spectral unmixing, these approaches remain challenging due to their large computational scale. In this study we report a method based on a reversibly photoswitchable phytochrome-based reporter protein (AGP1) and dual-wavelength interleaved image acquisition for obtaining difference images with unambiguous reporter-specific contrast. Detailed, full 3D images of tumours formed of cells lentivirally transduced to express AGP1 were acquired in vivo in deep tissue in a longitudinal study. This method represents a powerful new approach to studying cellular and genetic processes which, due to its experimental simplicity, can be implemented in a wide range of existing photoacoustic imaging platforms.
Colloidal topological insulators
Authors: Loehr Johannes , de las Heras Daniel , Jarosz Adam , Urbaniak Maciej , Stobiecki Feliks , Tomita Andreea , Huhnstock Rico , Koch Iris , Ehresmann Arno , Holzinger Dennis , Fischer Thomas M. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractTopological insulators insulate in the bulk but exhibit robust conducting edge states protected by the topology of the bulk material. Here, we design a colloidal topological insulator and demonstrate experimentally the occurrence of edge states in a classical particle system. Magnetic colloidal particles travel along the edge of two distinct magnetic lattices. We drive the colloids with a uniform external magnetic field that performs a topologically non-trivial modulation loop. The loop induces closed orbits in the bulk of the magnetic lattices. At the edge, where both lattices merge, the colloids perform skipping orbits trajectories and hence edge-transport. We also observe paramagnetic and diamagnetic colloids moving in opposite directions along the edge between two inverted patterns; the analogue of a quantum spin Hall effect in topological insulators. We present a robust and versatile way of transporting colloidal particles, enabling new pathways towards lab on a chip applications.
First scattered light detection of a nearly edge-on transition disk around the T Tauri star RY Lupi
Authors: Langlois M. , Pohl A. , Lagrange A.-M. , Maire A.- L. , Mesa D. , Boccaletti A. , Gratton R. , Denneulin L. , Klahr H. , Vigan A. , Benisty M. , Dominik C. , Bonnefoy M. , Menard F. , Avenhaus H. , Cheetham A. , Van Boekel R. , de Boer J. , Chauvin G. , Desidera S. , Feldt M. , Galicher R. , Ginski C. , Girard J. H. , Henning T. , Janson M. , Kopytova T. , Kral Q. , Ligi R. , Messina S. , Peretti S. , Pinte C. , Sissa E. , Stolker T. , Zurlo A. , Magnard Y. , Blanchard P. , Buey T. , Suarez M. , Cascone E. , Moller-Nilsson O. , Weber L. , Petit C. , Pragt J. 
Published: February 2018

Context. Transition disks are considered sites of ongoing planet formation, and their dust and gas distributions could be signposts of embedded planets. The transition disk around the T Tauri star RY Lup has an inner dust cavity and displays a strong silicate emission feature.
Aims. Using high-resolution imaging we study the disk geometry, including non-axisymmetric features, and its surface dust grain, to gain a better understanding of the disk evolutionary process. Moreover, we search for companion candidates, possibly connected to the disk.
Methods. We obtained high-contrast and high angular resolution data in the near-infrared with the VLT/SPHERE extreme adaptive optics instrument whose goal is to study the planet formation by detecting and characterizing these planets and their formation environments through direct imaging. We performed polarimetric imaging of the RY Lup disk with IRDIS (at 1.6 μm), and obtained intensity images with the IRDIS dual-band imaging camera simultaneously with the IFS spectro-imager (0.9–1.3 μm).
Results. We resolved for the first time the scattered light from the nearly edge-on circumstellar disk around RY Lup, at projected separations in the 100 au range. The shape of the disk and its sharp features are clearly detectable at wavelengths ranging from 0.9 to 1.6 μm. We show that the observed morphology can be interpreted as spiral arms in the disk. This interpretation is supported by in-depth numerical simulations. We also demonstrate that these features can be produced by one planet interacting with the disk. We also detect several point sources which are classified as probable background objects.
Cometary ion dynamics observed in the close vicinity of comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko during the intermediate activity period
Authors: Berčič L. , Behar E. , Nilsson H. , Nicolaou G. , Stenberg Wieser G. , Wieser M. , Goetz C. 
Published: February 2018

Aims.Cometary ions are constantly produced in the coma, and once produced they are accelerated and eventually escape the coma. We describe and interpret the dynamics of the cometary ion flow, of an intermediate active comet, very close to the nucleus and in the terminator plane.Methods.We analysed in situ ion and magnetic field measurements, and characterise the velocity distribution functions (mostly using plasma moments). We propose a statistical approach over a period of one month.Results.On average, two populations were observed, separated in phase space. The motion of the first is governed by its interaction with the solar wind farther upstream, while the second one is accelerated in the inner coma and displays characteristics compatible with an ambipolar electric field. Both populations display a consistent anti-sunward velocity component.Conclusions.Cometary ions born in different regions of the coma are seen close to the nucleus of comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko with distinct motions governed in one case by the solar wind electric field and in the other case by the position relative to the nucleus. A consistent anti-sunward component is observed for all cometary ions. An asymmetry is found in the average cometary ion density in a solar wind electric field reference frame, with higher density in the negative (south) electric field hemisphere. There is no corresponding signature in the average magnetic field strength.
A new genus and species of the family Pennellidae (Copepoda, Siphonostomatoida) infecting the Pacific viperfishChauliodus macouni
Authors: Ohtsuka Susumu , Lindsay Dhugal J. , Izawa Kunihiko 
Published: February 2018

A new genus and species of pennellid copepod,Protosarcotretes nishikawain. g., n. sp., is described on the basis of an ovigerous female infecting a Pacific viperfishChauliodus macounicollected from the deep-waters of Suruga Bay, Japan. The new genus exhibits the most plesiomorphic states in the first to fourth legs of pennellids, and is differentiated from two closely related pennellid generaSarcotretesandLernaeenicusby the morphology of the oral appendages. Two species of the genusLernaeenicusare transferred to the new genus asProtosarcotretes multilobatus(Lewis, 1959) n. comb. andProtosarcotretes gnavus(Leigh-Sharpe, 1934) n. comb. The host specificity and life cycle of deep-sea pennellids are discussed.Sarcotretes scopeliJungersen, 1911 andCardiodectes bellottii(Richiardi, 1882) show low differentiated host-specificity, whileP. nishikawaiseems to be limited to the Stomiidae, which are rare hosts of pennellids, in contrast to the Myctophidae family. In the Pennellidae family, two patterns of the life cycle are found: with or without naupliar stages.
Erythrocyte Aggregation and Blood Viscosity is Similar in Homozygous Sickle Cell Disease Patients with and without Leg Ulcers
Authors: Duncan Walworth , Pepple D. , Bowers Andre 
Published: February 2018

Background There is no consensus regarding the role of red blood cell (RBC) aggregation in the pathogenesis of leg ulcers (LUs) in sickle cell disease (SCD).
Objectives We sought to evaluate whether the cross-sectional determination of RBC aggregation and hematological indices were associated with the presence of LU in homozygous SCD.
Methods Twenty-seven patients with LU and 23 with no history of ulceration were recruited into the study. A laser-assisted rotational red cell analyzer (LoRRca) was used in the determination of the aggregation index (AI), aggregation half-time (t
1/2), and the RBC aggregate strength (AMP). Hematological indices were determined using a CELL-DYN Ruby analyzer. Whole blood viscosity (WBV) and plasma viscosity (PV) were measured using a Vilastic bioprofiler. The data were presented as means ± standard deviation or median, interquartile range. Two-sample t-test was used to test for associations between the AIs, WBV, and PV in patients with and without LU. Statistical significance was taken as p < 0.05. All analyses were conducted using Stata/SE v. 12.1 (StataCorp, College Station, TX).
Results The AI was comparable in the group with and without ulcers (68.6, 16.7 versus 67.7, 16.9; p = 0.74); t
1/2 (1.7, 1.3 versus 1.8, 1.3; p = 0.71); AMP (18.8, 14.5 versus 19.1, 13.3; p = 0.84), WBV (3.8, 1.2 versus 3.8, 0.7; p = 0.77); and the PV (1.3, 0.08 versus 1.4, 0.1; p = 0.31) and were also not statistically different between the groups of participants.
Conclusion RBC aggregation and aggregate strength are not associated with leg ulceration in SCD.
Effect of Pregabalin on Preoperative Anxiety and Postoperative Pain in Spine Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Study
Authors: Yadav Rahul , Mishra Rajeeb K. , Chaturvedi Arvind , Rath Girija P. 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Background Pregabalin is a gabapentinoid which has been shown to possess analgesic and anxiolytic properties. The present study aimed to assess the efficacy of a single dose of pregabalin on postoperative pain and preoperative anxiety in patients undergoing lumbar spine surgery.
Materials and Methods Sixty adults posted for elective lumbar laminectomy and discectomy were randomly assigned to one of the three groups; Group C received placebo capsules, Group PI received pregabalin 150 mg, and Group P2 received pregabalin 300 mg capsules, 2 h prior to induction of anesthesia. The levels of anxiety and pain were assessed with respective 100 mm visual analog scale (VAS) score. Postoperative fentanyl consumption and occurrence of side effects were recorded. All patients were observed for 8 h, postoperatively.
Results There was a significant reduction in preoperative anxiety in both pregabalin groups as compared to control group (p = 0.001). VAS score for pain (at rest and during movement) was significantly decreased at all time intervals in both PI and P2 groups as compared to control (p < 0.05). Fentanyl consumption in the postoperative period was significantly reduced in pregabalin groups as compared to control (p = 0.001). The level of sedation was higher in P2 group in the first 4 h (p < 0.05). The occurrence of postoperative nausea and vomiting was more in control group as compared to the pregabalin groups (p = 0.018). The incidence of dizziness and blurring of vision was significantly more in P2 group.
Conclusion Single preoperative dose of pregabalin 150 or 300 mg was effective in reducing preoperative anxiety, postoperative pain and total fentanyl consumption in patients undergoing lumbar laminectomy and discectomy. However, the incidence of postoperative side effects such as sedation, dizziness and visual blurring was more in patients who received pregabalin 300 mg.
Pneumocephalus following Lumbar Spine Surgery: A Rare Cause of Delayed Emergence from Anesthesia
Authors: Lamsal Ritesh , Mishra Rajeeb K. , Kumar Niraj 
Published: February 2018

AbstractPneumocephalus is an unusual presentation after lumbar spine surgery. We report the case of a young healthy patient, who had delayed emergence from anesthesia after undergoing an uncomplicated lumbar spine surgery. After shifting to the Intensive Care Unit, the patient had an episode of generalized tonic—clonic seizure. Computed tomography scan revealed the presence of pneumocephalus. The patient was managed conservatively, extubated the following day and discharged with no neurological deficits.
Respiratorisches Versagen: Innovationen zur Diagnostik und Therapie
Authors: Hempel Gunther , Simon Philipp , Salz Peter , Wrigge Hermann 
Published: February 2018

ZusammenfassungDie akute oder chronische respiratorische Insuffizienz hat eine große Bedeutung sowohl in der präklinischen als auch innerklinischen Versorgung. Sie zählt zu den häufigsten Gründen für stationäre Aufnahmen. Dieser Beitrag fasst aktuelle Entwicklungen in der Diagnostik und Therapie des Krankheitsbildes zusammen. Darüber hinaus gibt er einen Ausblick, wie sich die Behandlung in den kommenden Jahren weiterentwickeln könnte.
Phototoxische und photoallergische Reaktionen
Authors: Neumann N. , Schauder S. 
Published: February 2018

ZusammenfassungBasierend auf einer Wechselwirkung zwischen elektromagnetischer Strahlung meist aus dem UV-Bereich mit einem Photosensibilisator kann eine photoallergische oder eine phototoxische Dermatitis ausgelöst werden. Unter dem Begriff „Photosensibilisatoren“ werden sowohl synthetisch hergestellte als auch natürlich vorkommende Substanzen verstanden, die nach vorheriger Exposition mit Strahlung meist aus dem UV-A-Bereich auf der Haut phototoxische oder photoallergische Reaktionen hervorrufen können. Im Allgemeinen werden phototoxische Reaktionen sehr viel häufiger beobachtet als photoallergische Dermatitiden. Zum Nachweis derartiger Photosensibilisatoren dient eine belichtete Variante des herkömmlichen Epikutan-Tests, der sog. Photopatch-Test. Bei einem vermutlich falsch negativen Photopatch-Test-Befund können darüber hinaus der Photoprick-, Photoscratch- oder der belichtete Intrakutan-Test herangezogen werden. Ist jedoch erst ein Metabolit einer Testsubstanz der eigentliche Photosensibilisator, dann kommt noch die systemische Photoprovokation als Nachweisverfahren infrage. Da im Einzelfall phototoxische von photoallergischen Testreaktionen klinisch nur schwer abzugrenzen sind, können typische Reaktionsmuster, die im Rahmen von sehr umfangreichen Studien eruiert wurden, bei der Differenzierung zwischen phototoxischen und photoallergischen Dermatitiden hilfreich sein.