bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abstract Construal Level and its Link to Self-Control and to Cross-Situational Consistency in Self-Concept: Predicting Health-Risk Behavioral Intentions
Authors: Fernández Itziar , Caballero Amparo , Muñoz Dolores , Aguilar Pilar , Carrera Pilar 
Published: October 2018

AbstractFrom a dispositional perspective, we extend the action identification theory (Vallacher & Wegner, 1987) and construal level theory (Trope & Liberman, 2003) to cross-situational consistency of self and self-control. Two studies examined the relationships among the abstract mindset (Vallacher & Wegner, 1989), cross-situational consistency in self-concept (Vignoles et al., 2016), and self-control (Tangney, Baumeister, and Boone 2004). In Study 1, participants (N = 725) characterized by high cross-situational consistency showed more abstraction in their thinking (p < .001, ηp2 = .17). In Study 2 (N = 244) cross-situational consistency and self-control explained 10% of construal level, with self-control being a significant predictor (p < .001). Construal level and cross-situational consistency explained 17% of self-control; both were significant predictors (p < .001). Self-control explained 8% of cross-situational consistency (p < .001). Study 2 showed that participants with higher levels of abstraction, cross-situational consistency, and self-control reported a greater intention to control their future sugar intake (p < .001). Data supported relationships among abstract construal level, cross-situational consistency and self-control.
Volcanic Radiative Forcing From 1979 to 2015
Authors: Schmidt Anja , Mills Michael J. , Ghan Steven , Gregory Jonathan M. , Allan Richard P. , Andrews Timothy , Bardeen Charles G. , Conley Andrew , Forster Piers M. , Gettelman Andrew , Portmann Robert W. , Solomon Susan , Toon Owen B. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractUsing volcanic sulfur dioxide emissions in an aerosol‐climate model, we derive a time series of global‐mean volcanic effective radiative forcing (ERF) from 1979 to 2015. For 2005–2015, we calculate a global multiannual mean volcanic ERF of −0.08 W/m2 relative to the volcanically quiescent 1999–2002 period, due to a high frequency of small‐to‐moderate‐magnitude explosive eruptions after 2004. For eruptions of large magnitude such as 1991 Mt. Pinatubo, our model‐simulated volcanic ERF, which accounts for rapid adjustments including aerosol perturbations of clouds, is less negative than that reported in the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fifth Assessment Report (AR5) that only accounted for stratospheric temperature adjustments. We find that, when rapid adjustments are considered, the relation between volcanic forcing and volcanic stratospheric optical depth (SAOD) is 13–21% weaker than reported in IPCC AR5 for large‐magnitude eruptions. Further, our analysis of the recurrence frequency of eruptions reveals that sulfur‐rich small‐to‐moderate‐magnitude eruptions with column heights ≥10 km occur frequently, with periods of volcanic quiescence being statistically rare. Small‐to‐moderate‐magnitude eruptions should therefore be included in climate model simulations, given the >50% chance of one or two eruptions to occur in any given year. Not all of these eruptions affect the stratospheric aerosol budget, but those that do increase the nonvolcanic background SAOD by ~0.004 on average, contributing ~50% to the total SAOD in the absence of large‐magnitude eruptions. This equates to a volcanic ERF of about −0.10 W/m2, which is about two thirds of the ERF from ozone changes induced by ozone‐depleting substances.
Impacts of Synoptic and Local Factors on Heat Wave Events Over Southeastern Region of Korea in 2015
Authors: Yoon Donghyuck , Cha Dong‐Hyun , Lee Gil , Park Changyong , Lee Myong‐In , Min Ki‐Hong 
Published: October 2018

AbstractBecause of global warming and abnormal climate change, record‐breaking heat wave events have been increasing. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze and predict the mechanisms for generating and developing heat waves. In this study, the impacts of synoptic and local factors on heat waves over the southeastern region of South Korea in 2015 are investigated. First, Heat wave events for 1980–2016 defined by spatiotemporal criteria are classified into three clusters using the K‐means clustering analysis. Heat wave events in 2015 are compared to clusters of different synoptic conditions, which are strongly related to the western North Pacific subtropical high around South Korea. Second, numerical experiments using Weather Research and Forecasting model are performed to examine the effect of local conditions on 2015 heat waves. Four types of sensitivity experiments were conducted: a CTL experiment with no change in topography and soil moisture, TOPO experiment with lowered terrain, and WET and DRY experiments with wet and dry anomalies in initial soil moisture. The CTL experiment simulates higher temperature on the lee side compared to the TOPO experiment because of the Foehn effect. In particular, the effect is prominent when dry westerlies passing through mountains and the lower level atmosphere over the windward region are in a statically stable condition (i.e., nighttime). Due to the less (more) evaporation, the DRY (WET) experiment with less (more) soil moisture simulates higher (lower) maximum temperature than the CTL experiment during the daytime when solar radiation is relatively intense.
Sublethal UV irradiation induces squamous differentiation via a p53-independent, DNA damage-mitosis checkpoint
Authors: de Pedro Isabel , Alonso-Lecue Pilar , Sanz-Gómez Natalia , Freije Ana , Gandarillas Alberto 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe epidermis is a self-renewal epithelium continuously exposed to the genotoxic effects of ultraviolet (UV) light, the main cause of skin cancer. Therefore, it needs robust self-protective mechanisms facing genomic damage. p53 has been shown to mediate apoptosis in sunburn cells of the epidermis. However, epidermal cells daily receive sublethal mutagenic doses of UV and massive apoptosis would be deleterious. We have recently unravelled an anti-oncogenic keratinocyte DNA damage-differentiation response to cell cycle stress. We now have studied this response to high or moderate single doses of UV irradiation. Whereas, as expected, high levels of UV induced p53-dependent apoptosis, moderate levels triggered squamous differentiation. UV-induced differentiation was not mediated by endogenous p53. Overexpression of the mitosis global regulator FOXM1 alleviated the proliferative loss caused by UV. Conversely, knocking-down the mitotic checkpoint protein Wee1 drove UV-induced differentiation into apoptosis. Therefore, the results indicate that mitosis checkpoints determine the response to UV irradiation. The differentiation response was also found in cells of head and neck epithelia thus uncovering a common regulation in squamous tissues upon chronic exposure to mutagens, with implications into homeostasis and disease.
All-inorganic cesium lead iodide perovskite solar cells with stabilized efficiency beyond 15%
Authors: Wang Kang , Jin Zhiwen , Liang Lei , Bian Hui , Bai Dongliang , Wang Haoran , Zhang Jingru , Wang Qian , Liu Shengzhong 
Published: October 2018

AbstractAs the black cesium lead iodide (CsPbI3) tends to transit into a yellow δ-phase at ambient, it is imperative to develop a stabilized black phase for photovoltaic applications. Herein, we report a distorted black CsPbI3 film by exploiting the synergistic effect of hydroiodic acid (HI) and phenylethylammonium iodide (PEAI) additives. It is found that the HI induces formation of hydrogen lead iodide (HPbI3+x), an intermediate to the distorted black phase with appropriate band gap of 1.69 eV; while PEAI provides nucleation for optimized crystallization. More importantly, it stabilizes the distorted black phase by hindering phase transition via its steric effects. Upon optimization, we have attained solar cell efficiency as high as 15.07%. Specifically, the bare cell without any encapsulation shows negligible efficiency loss after 300 h of light soaking. The device keeps 92% of its initial cell efficiency after being stored for 2 months under ambient conditions.
Structural basis for activation of fluorogenic dyes by an RNA aptamer lacking a G-quadruplex motif
Authors: Shelke Sandip A. , Shao Yaming , Laski Artur , Koirala Deepak , Weissman Benjamin P. , Fuller James R. , Tan Xiaohong , Constantin Tudor P. , Waggoner Alan S. , Bruchez Marcel P. , Armitage Bruce A. , Piccirilli Joseph A. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe DIR2s RNA aptamer, a second-generation, in-vitro selected binder to dimethylindole red (DIR), activates the fluorescence of cyanine dyes, DIR and oxazole thiazole blue (OTB), allowing detection of two well-resolved emission colors. Using Fab BL3-6 and its cognate hairpin as a crystallization module, we solved the crystal structures of both the apo and OTB-SO3 bound forms of DIR2s at 2.0 Å and 1.8 Å resolution, respectively. DIR2s adopts a compact, tuning fork-like architecture comprised of a helix and two short stem-loops oriented in parallel to create the ligand binding site through tertiary interactions. The OTB-SO3 fluorophore binds in a planar conformation to a claw-like structure formed by a purine base-triple, which provides a stacking platform for OTB-SO3, and an unpaired nucleotide, which partially caps the binding site from the top. The absence of a G-quartet or base tetrad makes the DIR2s aptamer unique among fluorogenic RNAs with known 3D structure.
Identification and characterization of a large family of superbinding bacterial SH2 domains
Authors: Kaneko Tomonori , Stogios Peter J. , Ruan Xiang , Voss Courtney , Evdokimova Elena , Skarina Tatiana , Chung Amy , Liu Xiaoling , Li Lei , Savchenko Alexei , Ensminger Alexander W. , Li Shawn S.-C. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractSrc homology 2 (SH2) domains play a critical role in signal transduction in mammalian cells by binding to phosphorylated Tyr (pTyr). Apart from a few isolated cases in viruses, no functional SH2 domain has been identified to date in prokaryotes. Here we identify 93 SH2 domains from Legionella that are distinct in sequence and specificity from mammalian SH2 domains. The bacterial SH2 domains are not only capable of binding proteins or peptides in a Tyr phosphorylation-dependent manner, some bind pTyr itself with micromolar affinities, a property not observed for mammalian SH2 domains. The Legionella SH2 domains feature the SH2 fold and a pTyr-binding pocket, but lack a specificity pocket found in a typical mammalian SH2 domain for recognition of sequences flanking the pTyr residue. Our work expands the boundary of phosphotyrosine signalling to prokaryotes, suggesting that some bacterial effector proteins have acquired pTyr-superbinding characteristics to facilitate bacterium-host interactions.
Anomalous X-ray diffraction studies of ion transport in K+ channels
Authors: Langan Patricia S. , Vandavasi Venu Gopal , Weiss Kevin L. , Afonine Pavel V. , el Omari Kamel , Duman Ramona , Wagner Armin , Coates Leighton 
Published: October 2018

AbstractPotassium ion channels utilize a highly selective filter to rapidly transport K+ ions across cellular membranes. This selectivity filter is composed of four binding sites which display almost equal electron density in crystal structures with high potassium ion concentrations. This electron density can be interpreted to reflect a superposition of alternating potassium ion and water occupied states or as adjacent potassium ions. Here, we use single wavelength anomalous dispersion (SAD) X-ray diffraction data collected near the potassium absorption edge to show experimentally that all ion binding sites within the selectivity filter are fully occupied by K+ ions. These data support the hypothesis that potassium ion transport occurs by direct Coulomb knock-on, and provide an example of solving the phase problem by K-SAD.
Cloaking nanoparticles with protein corona shield for targeted drug delivery
Authors: Oh Jun Yong , Kim Han Sol , Palanikumar L. , Go Eun Min , Jana Batakrishna , Park Soo Ah , Kim Ho Young , Kim Kibeom , Seo Jeong Kon , Kwak Sang Kyu , Kim Chaekyu , Kang Sebyung , Ryu Ja-Hyoung 
Published: October 2018

AbstractTargeted drug delivery using nanoparticles can minimize the side effects of conventional pharmaceutical agents and enhance their efficacy. However, translating nanoparticle-based agents into clinical applications still remains a challenge due to the difficulty in regulating interactions on the interfaces between nanoparticles and biological systems. Here, we present a targeting strategy for nanoparticles incorporated with a supramolecularly pre-coated recombinant fusion protein in which HER2-binding affibody combines with glutathione-S-transferase. Once thermodynamically stabilized in preferred orientations on the nanoparticles, the adsorbed fusion proteins as a corona minimize interactions with serum proteins to prevent the clearance of nanoparticles by macrophages, while ensuring systematic targeting functions in vitro and in vivo. This study provides insight into the use of the supramolecularly built protein corona shield as a targeting agent through regulating the interfaces between nanoparticles and biological systems.
Cross-sectional study assessing the performance of the Arabic translated childhood asthma control test
Authors: AlTeneiji Majid , AlKalbani Alia , Nasser Huda , Iram Durdana , Alblooshi Afaf , Narchi Hassib 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe standard Arabic version of the Childhood Asthma Control Test (C-ACT) has never been previously evaluated in Arab countries. We studied its correlation in Arabic speaking children in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), with both the GINA assessment of asthma control and the resulting changes in asthma management. The Arabic C-ACT was completed by the children or by their parents when needed. A GINA based level of asthma control score was assigned by their managing physician. The correlation between the different cut- scores of the C-ACT and GINA were studied. A total of 105 eligible children with asthma (aged between 4 and 11.8 years, 61% boys) were enrolled. The Arabic translated C-ACT had a high reliability (Cronbach alpha 81%) and validity (as it correlated well with the GINA level of control). We found that using it with the traditional cut-score of 19 overestimated the degree of asthma control. Instead, a calculated optimal cut-score of 20 estimated more accurately the level of asthma control as assessed both by the GINA assessment and also by changes in asthma management. The current Arabic version of the C-ACT has a good reliability and validity. By using a single optimal cut-point of 20, it can be used to assess both the level of asthma control and of treatment control. It does not, however, accurately define asthma control when using the originally proposed cut-score of 19. Physicians need to recognise that the C-ACT cut-points may vary in different populations. We suggest that cut-scores of translated versions need to be modified in different geographical settings.
Metamaterial Superlenses Operating at Visible Wavelength for Imaging Applications
Authors: Haxha S. , AbdelMalek F. , Ouerghi F. , Charlton M. D. B. , Aggoun A. , Fang X. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractIn this paper, a novel design for a metamaterial lens (superlens) based on a Photonic Crystal (PC) operating at visible wavelengths is reported. The proposed superlens consist of a gallium phosphide (GaP) dielectric slab waveguide with a hexagonal array of silver rods embedded within the GaP dielectric. In-house 2DFDTD numerical method is used to design and optimize the proposed superlens. Several superlenses are designed and integrated within a same dielectric platform, promoting the proof-of-concept (POC) of possible construction of an array of superlenses (or sub-lenses to create an M-Lens) for light field imaging applications. It is shown that the concavity of the superlens and positioning of each sub-lens within the array strongly affects the performances of the image in terms of resolution. Defects and various geometrical shapes are introduced to construct and optimize the proposed superlenses and increase the quality of the image resolution. It is shown that the orientation of the active region (ellipse) along x and y axis has tremendous influence on the quality of image resolution. In order to investigate the performance characteristics of the superlenses, transmitted power is calculated using 2D FDTD for image projections at various distances (in x and y plane). It is also shown, how the proposed superlens structures could be fabricated using standard micro fabrication techniques such as electron beam lithography, inductively coupled Reactive ion etching, and glancing angle evaporation methods. To the best of our knowledge, these are the first reported POC of superlenses, integrated in a monolithic platform suitable for high imaging resolution that can be used for light field imaging applications at visible wavelength. The proposed superlenses (integrated in a single platform M-Lens) will have tremendous impact on imaging applications.
Pathological cardiac remodeling occurs early in CKD mice from unilateral urinary obstruction, and is attenuated by Enalapril
Authors: Ham Onju , Jin William , Lei Lei , Huang Hui Hui , Tsuji Kenji , Huang Ming , Roh Jason , Rosenzweig Anthony , Lu Hua A. Jenny 
Published: October 2018

AbstractCardiovascular disease constitutes the leading cause of mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease. Despite increasing recognition of a close interplay between kidney dysfunction and cardiovascular disease, termed cardiorenal syndrome (CRS), the underlying mechanisms of CRS remain poorly understood. Here we report the development of pathological cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis in early stage non-uremic CKD. Moderate kidney failure was induced three weeks after unilateral urinary obstruction (UUO) in mice. We observed pathological cardiac hypertrophy and increased fibrosis in UUO-induced CKD (UUO/CKD) animals. Further analysis indicated that this cardiac fibrosis was associated with increased expression of transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) along with significant upregulation of Smad 2/3 signaling in the heart. Moreover early treatment of UUO/CKD animals with an angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor (ACE I), Enalapril, significantly attenuated cardiac fibrosis. Enalapril antagonized activation of the TGF-β signaling pathway in the UUO/CKD heart. In summary our study demonstrates the presence of pathological cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis in mice early in UUO-induced CKD, in association with early activation of the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway. We also demonstrate the beneficial effect of ACE I in alleviating this early fibrogenic process in the heart in UUO/CKD animals.
Exploring NS3/4A, NS5A and NS5B proteins to design conserved subunit multi-epitope vaccine against HCV utilizing immunoinformatics approaches
Authors: Ikram Aqsa , Zaheer Tahreem , Awan Faryal Mehwish , Obaid Ayesha , Naz Anam , Hanif Rumeza , Paracha Rehan Zafar , Ali Amjad , Naveed Abdul Khaliq , Janjua Hussnain Ahmed 
Published: October 2018

AbstractHepatitis C virus (HCV) vaccines, designed to augment specific T-cell responses, have been designated as an important aspect of effective antiviral treatment. However, despite the current satisfactory progress of these vaccines, extensive past efforts largely remained unsuccessful in mediating clinically relevant anti-HCV activity in humans. In this study, we used a series of immunoinformatics approaches to propose a multiepitope vaccine against HCV by prioritizing 16 conserved epitopes from three viral proteins (i.e., NS34A, NS5A, and NS5B). The prioritised epitopes were tested for their possible antigenic combinations with each other along with linker AAY using structural modelling and epitope–epitope interactions analysis. An adjuvant (β-defensin) at the N-terminal of the construct was added to enhance the immunogenicity of the vaccine construct. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation revealed the most stable structure of the proposed vaccine. The designed vaccine is potentially antigenic in nature and can form stable and significant interactions with Toll-like receptor 3 and Toll-like receptor 8. The proposed vaccine was also subjected to an in silico cloning approach, which confirmed its expression efficiency. These analyses suggest that the proposed vaccine can elicit specific immune responses against HCV; however, experimental validation is required to confirm the safety and immunogenicity profile of the proposed vaccine construct.
VCE-004.8, A Multitarget Cannabinoquinone, Attenuates Adipogenesis and Prevents Diet-Induced Obesity
Authors: Palomares Belen , Ruiz-Pino Francisco , Navarrete Carmen , Velasco Inmaculada , Sánchez-Garrido Miguel A. , Jimenez-Jimenez Carla , Pavicic Carolina , Vazquez Maria J. , Appendino Giovanni , Bellido M. Luz , Calzado Marco A. , Tena-Sempere Manuel , Muñoz Eduardo 
Published: October 2018

AbstractOver the past few years, the endocannabinoid system (ECs) has emerged as a crucial player for the regulation of food intake and energy metabolism, and its pharmacological manipulation represents a novel strategy for the management of metabolic diseases. The discovery that VCE-004.8, a dual PPARγ and CB2 receptor agonist, also inhibits prolyl-hydroxylases (PHDs) and activates the HIF pathway provided a rationale to investigate its effect in in vitro models of adipogenesis and in a murine model of metabolic syndrome, all processes critically regulated by these targets of VCE-004.8. In accordance with its different binding mode to PPARγ compared to rosiglitazone (RGZ), VCE-004.8 neither induced adipogenic differentiation, nor affected osteoblastogenesis. Daily administration of VCE-004.8 (20 mg/kg) to HFD mice for 3-wks induced a significant reduction in body weight gain, total fat mass, adipocyte volume and plasma triglycerides levels. VCE-004.8 could also significantly ameliorate glucose tolerance, reduce leptin levels (a marker of adiposity) and increase adiponectin and incretins (GLP-1 and GIP) levels. Remarkably, VCE-004.8 increased the FGF21 mRNA expression in white and brown adipose, as well as in a BAT cell line, qualifying cannabinoaminoquinones as a class of novel therapeutic candidates for the management of obesity and its common metabolic co-morbidities.