bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Drug utilization pattern and analysis of quality of life in Indian patients of Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Shah Jugal , Joshi Pranav , Sood Shikha V. , Rana Devang , Malhotra Supriya D. 
Published: August 2019

Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a highly debilitating disease characterized by tremors, bradykinesia and rigidity. It leads to lowered self-esteem and psychological consequences which affect quality of life. The aim of this study is to study the drug utilization pattern and assess the quality of life in patients of Parkinson’s Disease.Methods: 40 patients of PD at least 1 month duration and 20 age-based controls were analyzed for quality of life using Parkinson’s Disease Questionnaire-39 (PDQ-39). Drug prescriptions were analyzed.Results: Mean number of anti-Parkinson drugs prescribed is 2.65±1.21. Of 106 anti-Parkinson drugs prescribed, 45% were levodopa and carbidopa combinations, followed by dopamine agonists (18%), anticholinergic drugs (15%), amantadine (12%), MAO inhibitors (5%) and COMT inhibitors (5%). There were significant problems in speech, performance of daily chores and daytime somnolence (p<0.0001). Depression, isolation, cognitive decline and memory loss were noteworthy in the patients as compared to controls (p<0.05). 25% patients felt embarrassed due to their disease; 59% felt affected by others’ opinion, 60% felt difficulty in communicating with others (p<0.05). Almost 2/3rd patients needed help in personal care as compared to the control group (p<0.0001).Conclusions: Quality of life of parkinsonian patients is severely affected in spite of them receiving a large number of drugs. This may be both due to disease progression as well as medication. Levodopa-carbidopa combination is the most prescribed medication. Use of levodopa and carbidopa combination must be evaluated properly. Newer guidelines and interventions are the need of the hour which may provide a better outcome on the quality of life of parkinsonian patients.
Pattern of regional metastasis in papillary thyroid cancer: our experience of 86 cases
Authors: Das Rajjyoti , Sharma Jagannath D. , Kataki Amal Ch , Kalita Chandi R. , Baishya Nizara 
Published: August 2019

Background: Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) have a high propensity for regional metastasis which ranges from 30- 80%. The objective of the study is to assess the pattern of lymph node metastasis and to plan the extent of neck dissection accordingly. Though central neck dissection (CND) is routinely done in PTC but the indication of extent of neck dissection is still controversial.Methods: The medical records of 86 patients with PTC who underwent total thyroidectomy (TT) and neck dissection at Dr. B. Borooah Cancer Institute(BBCI) from January 2010 to December 2014 were retrospectively reviewed.Results: Out of 86 patients 22 were males and 64 were females. The median age of presentation was 40.0 years. 43 out of 86 patients (50%) had cervical lymph node metastasis. Ipsilateral nodal metastasis was found in 37 patients (43.0%) and contralateral metastasis was found in only 6 patients (7.0%).Tumors with size more than 3cm had ipsilateral nodal metastasis in 21(56.7%) patients which is statistically significant (p 0.03).A strong association was found between level VI and the ipsilateral group of lymph nodes involving level II,III,IV and V.Conclusions: Majority of patients present with multiple level nodal metastasis, with the central compartment commonly involved. In view of the high incidence of metastatic lymph nodes in levels II, III, IV and level VI ,our study supports the recommendation for posterolateral and anterior neck dissection in patients with clinically positive neck nodes and tumor with aggressive criteria.
A study of cardiovascular sympathetic function tests during different phases of menstrual cycle in young females
Authors: Das Shampa , Panja Sumana , Samajdar Kaushik 
Published: August 2019

Background: Menstrual cycle is a regular coordinated physiological change in non-pregnant women. The variation of hormonal concentrations during different phases of the menstrual cycle has a profound influence on autonomic and metabolic activities. The present study was designed to assess the cardiovascular sympathetic functions during different phases of menstrual cycle in normal healthy eumenorrheic females.Methods: Fifty females in the age group of 18-25 years were selected for the study. Non-invasive cardiovascular sympathetic function tests were performed during different phases of the menstrual cycle using RMS Polyrite D.Results: Results were analyzed using paired ‘t’ test. Resting blood pressure, blood pressure response to isometric handgrip test and cold pressor test were statistically significant higher (p-value <0.05), in the secretory phase as compared to menstrual and proliferative phase. Blood pressure response to orthostatic test was statistically significant between the proliferative and secretory phase and between menstrual and secretory phase (p-value <0.05).Conclusion: Our study shows that sympathetic activity is highest during the secretory phase of the menstrual cycle and lowest in the proliferative phase as compared to the menstrual phase. This higher sympathetic activity may be correlated with higher estrogen and progesterone levels during the secretory phase of the menstrual cycle. The study also emphasizes the complex relationship between ovarian hormones and autonomic regulatory systems.
A rare case report of oral prednisolone dependence in a middle aged man
Authors: A. Chamelee , L. Lavanya , D. Vijayanand , S. Chandraleka G. 
Published: August 2019

Dependence is an uncommon, but potentially sinister complication of corticosteroid therapy. prednisolone was the most frequently implicated corticosteroid in steroid dependence. Here we report a rare case of oral prednisolone dependence in middle aged man who had chronic asthma.
A community based study of scenario of glaucoma in Aligarh, India
Authors: Ahmad Syed Zulfequar , Ahmad Anees , Khalique Najam , Alvi Yasir 
Published: August 2019

Background: Glaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide and is second only to cataracts as the most common cause of blindness overall. In the developing world, the prevalence of glaucoma is expected to rise even more dramatically as the population of adults has doubled within a span of few decades. So this study was done with an objective of finding out the prevalence of glaucoma among adults aged 40 years and above in the field practice area of the Department of Community Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh.Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out for the duration of one year. A total of 680 persons were interviewed and examined by a trained ophthalmologist for detailed eye examination including visual acuity, refraction and slit-lamp bio-microscopy, intraocular pressure (IOP) by Keeler Pulsair non-contact tonometer confirm by applanation tonometry, gonioscopy, and dilated fundus examination after ruling out the risk of angle closure. Anderson criteria were used to diagnose glaucomatous visual field defect.Results: In our study population, the IOP of the majority of population lied in 11-15 mm Hg with a mean IOP of 13.42±4.09 mmHg. In regard to optic disc examination, a cup to disc ratio of >0.6 was found in 35 eyes. According to the predefined criteria, a total of 31 subjects were diagnosed as glaucoma in either one or both eyes. The overall prevalence of glaucoma was found to be 4.6% (31/680), with the prevalence of primary open angle glaucoma, primary angle closure glaucoma, normotensive glaucoma and secondary glaucoma as 1.3%, 1.2%, 1.2% and 0.9% respectively.Conclusions: The prevalence of glaucoma is quite high in an elder population of Aligarh. This should warrant more intensive activities, focusing not only on early diagnosis and management of glaucoma but also include strengthening preventive ophthalmic care.
Clinico-pathological profile of paediatric head and neck cancers in Tanzania: Findings from the country’s largest tertiary hospital
Authors: Abraham Zephania Saitabau , Ntunaguzi Daudi , Kahinga Aveline Aloyce , Swai Henry , Mithe Siwillis , Massawe Enica Richard 
Published: August 2019

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Head and neck cancer is the sixth most common cancer in the world and the largest burden occurs in developing countries where such burden of infectious diseases is also high. Data on the clinico-pathological profile of paediatric head and neck cancers is scarce in Tanzania. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study in Tanzania to characterize such profile.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A hospital based descriptive cross sectional study was conducted involving 180 pediatric patients at Muhimbili National Hospital. Data collected was analyzed using SPSS program version 21. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> A total of 180 paediatric patients were recruited where 61.1% were males with a male to female ratio of 1.57:1 and majority fell into the 0-5years age range (53.9%). Ten primary anatomical sites were found with the neck (cervical lymph node) (36.1%) predominating followed by the orbit/eye (34.4%) and the least common site was parapharyngeal space (0.5%). The neck was more affected in patients aged 6-11 years with a diagnosis of lymphomas (98.5%) whereas the orbit was affected predominantly in those aged 0-5 years (90.3%) by retinoblastoma (79%). The predominant histocytopathological variant was lymphoma (52.8%) and the least was Langerhans cell histiocytosis (0.6%). Lymphomas and retinoblastoma occurred commonly in males (70.53% and 53.06% respectively) but sarcomas showed no gender predilection. Lymphomas (32.6%) and retinoblastomas (93.9%) predominated in patients aged 6-11 years and 0-5 years respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Lymphomas, retinoblastomas and sarcomas were more predominant in paediatric patients similar to what has been reported in various reports elsewhere.</p>
Correlation of tympanic membrane perforations with hearing loss
Authors: Aneesa Mirza , Siraj Samreen , Ali Arshid 
Published: August 2019

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Tympanic membrane perforations are common cause of hearing loss. This study was designed to analyze the relation between tympanic membrane perforation and hearing loss.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> In this prospective study, patients with dry tympanic membrane perforations of safe type were included. The patients were divided into groups in according to size, site and duration of perforation. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> 49 patients with 70 dry tympanic membrane perforations were studied. Data was analyzed statistically using paired t-test. Hearing loss increased as the size of perforation increased. Posterior quadrant perforations were associated with more hearing loss as compared to anterior quadrant perforations. Also duration of disease was in linear relation with mean hearing loss.</p><strong>Conclusions:</strong>The degree of conductive hearing loss as a result of tympanic membrane perforation would be expected with the size, site and duration of perforation.<p> </p>
Does hearing loss relate to gestational diabetes mellitus?
Authors: Kwatra Devanshu , Kumar Sunil , Singh Gautam Bir , Biswas Ratna , Upadhyay Prabhakar 
Published: August 2019

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> This study aims to check if gestational diabetes mellitus leads to changes in hearing.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A prospective hospital based observational study was performed with total 60 subjects in age group of 18-40 years in the Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery and the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Lady Hardinge Medical College, New Delhi between November 2016 to March 2018. Subjects were divided in two groups. The first group included 30 pregnant women with diagnosed gestational diabetes mellitus and the second group had 30 pregnant women not having gestational diabetes mellitus. Pure-tone audiometry and impedance audiometry was performed twice in all the subjects, first during the antepartum period and second time during the postpartum period. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Significant difference was seen between the average of air conduction threshold values at speech frequencies between the two groups during both antepartum and postpartum period.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The alterations in hearing sensitivity in air conduction between the two groups can be attributed to gestational diabetes mellitus.</p>
A study of auditory brainstem evoked responses in type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with normal hearing
Authors: Goyal Isha , Singh Manjit , Singh Baldev , Singh Kamal Dev , Sachdeva Parul 
Published: August 2019

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most common metabolic disorders with millions of cases world-wide. Its effect on functioning of the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nerves is a matter of current neurological research. Our study aimed to find out changes in auditory brainstem responses if any, in patients with type 1 and type 2 DM patients with apparently normal hearing.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> 50 cases each of type 1 and type 2 diabetic patients with normal hearing were chosen along with 50 healthy controls. Pure tone audiometry and brainstem evoked response audiometry (BERA) was performed in all cases. The BERA results were interpreted for the latencies of waves I, II, III, IV and V and inter-peak latencies I-III, I-V and III-V. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Significant delay in absolute latency of wave I, III, IV, V and inter-peak latencies I-V and III-V was seen in Type 1 diabetic patients. In Type 2 diabetic patients, latencies of waves I, II, III, IV and V and inter-peak latencies I-III, I-V and III-V were significantly delayed. There was no statistically significant difference in latency delay between type 1 and type 2 DM. No relation was found with the duration of DM.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> BERA is a non-invasive and easy to perform test that can detect minor CNS changes and can be used to detect peripheral (auditory nerve) and central neuropathy in diabetics even in absence of clinical signs and symptoms of deafness.</p>
Comparison of thyroid gland involvement in contrast enhanced computed tomography of the neck and histopathology and the necessity of thyroidectomy in patients with laryngeal and hypo pharyngeal cancer
Authors: Kathar M. Mohamed Abdul , Michael Rajiv , Shyam Aparna 
Published: August 2019

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The aim of this study is to assess the thyroid gland involvement in the preoperative contrast enhanced computed tomography (CECT) of neck with histopathology (HPE) in determining the indications for ipsilateral thyroidectomy in patients undergoing total laryngectomy in laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancers.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Forty patients diagnosed clinically with stage 3 laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancer were subjected to CECT of neck. Patients with cartilage erosion and extra laryngeal spread on CECT (T3, T4a) were routinely taken for total laryngectomy, partial pharyngectomy and hemi thyroidectomy. Specimens were sent for histopathological analysis and which was compared with preoperative CECT scan. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Of the forty cases, only four patients had thyroid gland involvement in CECT scan and 2 of the 40 had thyroid gland involvement in histopathology. Of the four patients where the CT scan which showed infiltration of the thyroid gland, none had thyroid gland involvement in histopathology. In two patients where thyroid gland was involved in histopathology, CT scan failed to pick up the thyroid gland involvement. Those two patients with histologically proven thyroid gland involvement identify as transglottic malignancy with cartilage erosion and extra laryngeal spread.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Our study concludes that an ipsilateral hemi-thyroidectomy is probably still indicated in transglottic cancer with cartilage invasion and/or extra laryngeal spread.</p>
Association of external nose deformity in individuals with nasal septal deviation
Authors: Hubballi Ravi Kishore , Koujalagi Shruthi Manohar 
Published: August 2019

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Deviated nasal septum presents a challenge as often functional problems as well as aesthetic deformities must be addressed. Deviated nasal septum can be a result of varying pathologies and etiologies. Classifying the nasal deviation enables the surgeon to choose the appropriate operative intervention. This study is intended to know the association of external nose deformity in patients with deviated nasal septum.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> 100 patients were attending to the Department of ENT, Vijayanagara Institute of Medical Sciences, Ballari with deviated nasal septum, septal dislocation, septal spur and external nose deformity. Deviated nasal septum was classified as per the classification proposed by Mladina. External nose deformity was classified into 5 types proposed by Yong Jo Jang’s classification depending on the orientation of 2 horizontal units (bony pyramid and cartilaginous subunits) with respect to facial midline. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Out of 100 patients with deviated nasal septum, external nose deformity was present in 61% of the patients. Significant association was present between the deviated nasal septum and external nose deformity (p=0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Type II (33%) deviated nasal septum was most common followed by Type VII (31%). Among the external nose deformity, Type I was most common followed by Type V. Type II deviated nasal septum was associated most commonly with Type V external nose deformity, Type VII deviated nasal septum with Type I external nose deformity and Type IV deviated nasal septum with Type I/II external nose deformity in equal frequency.</p>
Microscope assisted coblation tonsillectomy: a safe and effective surgical technique
Authors: Swain Santosh Kumar , Das Alok , Nahak Bulu , Behera Ishwar Chandra 
Published: August 2019

<p>Coblation is a new technology used in soft tissue surgery. This technique uses lower energies than standard bipolar diathermy. It does ablation at lower temperature which causes less damage to the surrounding tissues and also less post-operative pain. Microscope assisted tonsillectomy is a new surgical technique and established as a suitable and standard method of tonsillectomy. Microscope-assisted coblation tonsillectomy reduces the intra-operative and post-operative hemorrhage, post-operative pain and decrease the hospital stay, so that help in an early improvement of the patient. This technique is associated with less pain and quick return to normal diet and daily activity of the patient. This technique is an effective and safe technique for doing tonsillectomy. Surgeons can also operate with precision in enlarged and magnified view in microscope or endoscope assisted tonsillectomy. Moreover, this technique makes it easier to educate the students. The purpose of this review article is to discuss the principle, techniques, outcome, advantages and limitations of microscope assisted coblation tonsillectomy. </p>
Moderating role of transformational leadership styles of hospital management boards on adoption of mobile health innovations by hospitals in Kenya
Authors: Ngongo Bahati Prince , Ochola Phares , Ndegwa Joyce , Katuse Paul 
Published: August 2019

Sub-Saharan Africa lags other regions in the adoption of both Patient-Centered (PC) and Facility Centered (FC) mobile health (m-health) applications. Transformational Leadership Style (TLS) of Hospital Management Boards (HMBs) is catalytic for the adoption of disruptive technologies such as m-health by hospitals. There is limited evidence on the effect of TLS of HMBs in the adoption of innovations in Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMICS). This study investigated the moderating role of TLS of HMBs on the adoption of PC and FC m-health by hospitals in Kenya. It used the Logit Regression Model to test null hypotheses that the four constructs of TLS (Idealized Influence (II), Individualized Consideration (IC), Inspirational Motivation (IM), Intellectual Stimulation (IS)) individually or combined had no significant moderating effect on adoption of PC and FC m-health applications. Primary data was collected from a representative sample size of 211 Top Executives (TEs) of level 4 to 6 hospitals who evaluated the TLS of their HMBs on m-health adoption. At a 5% level of significance, the study found that only the combined application of the four constructs (II, IC, IM, IS) significantly moderated the adoption of PC m-health (p=0.046) but did not moderate FC m-health (p=0.345). Each incremental application of TLS would increase the odds of adopting PC m-health by 1.002 but not for FC. Therefore, this study recommends the capacity strengthening of HMBs in TLS to scale up PC m-health adoption in Kenya and other LMICs. It also recommends a differentiated approach to policies, practices, and theories of adoption of innovations using the PC-FC models.
A GASTRONOMIA COMO ALTERNATIVA PARA A REDUÇÃO DA DESIGUALDADE SOCIAL
Authors: Pinheiro Richarlisson Henrique , Sobral Maiara 
Published: August 2019

As desigualdades têm crescido no mundo, principalmente a desigualdade social que é um reflexo das desigualdades política e econômica. Uma das causas desse crescimento é a falta de investimento em educação. Mas apesar da crise de desigualdade, alguns setores da economia vêm se destacando com um crescimento que gera oportunidades, como o mercado gastronômico que, apesar do crescimento, sofre com a falta de profissionais qualificados. Este trabalho consiste em um estudo de caso, utilizando a metodologia de pesquisa documental e descritiva, de abordagem qualitativa, sobre a Gastromotiva, uma OSCIP - Organização da Sociedade Civil de Interesse Público -, sem fins lucrativos, que utiliza a gastronomia como alternativa para a redução da desigualdade social, democratizando a educação e profissionalizando pessoas de baixa renda e em vulnerabilidade social, oferecendo aulas práticas e teóricas em cozinhas cedidas por instituições parceiras, custeado por empresas, fundações e institutos parceiros, e promovendo a inclusão social desses profissionais qualificados no mercado de trabalho em estabelecimentos gastronômicos parceiros. O objetivo foi analisar de que forma a gastronomia pode ser utilizada como uma alternativa para redução da desigualdade social, bem como identificar a metodologia utilizada, sugerir os projetos sociais como solução para os problemas sociais e mostrar a interdisciplinaridade que envolve a gastronomia.
Palavras-chave: educação, gastronomia, Gastromotiva.