bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Embedding as a Pitfall for Survey-Based Welfare Indicators: Evidence from an Experiment
Authors: Hetschko Clemens , Reumont Louisa , Schöb Ronnie 
Published: September 2018

SummaryWelfare measurement using multiple indicators requires knowledge about how individuals weight different aspects of wellbeing. The better life index provides a way of resolving this individual level weighting issue. It invites people to weight 11 dimensions, embedding measurable indicators. Ideally, the specific embedding of the same indicators should not change their weights in a welfare function. Our experiment shows, however, that varying the embedding structure decisively affects people's weightings, i.e. we observe strong embedding effects. The better life index hence fails to measure citizens’ true preferences. Embedding thus opens a gateway to manipulating survey-based welfare measures.
Perception of parents/caregivers on the oral health of children/adolescents with Down syndrome
Authors: Scalioni Flávia , Carrada Camila Faria , Abreu Lucas , Ribeiro Rosangela Almeida , Paiva Saul Martins 
Published: September 2018

AbstractIntroductionOral health affects the general health of people with Down syndrome (DS), with repercussions on their ability to chew and to communicate.ObjectiveTo evaluate the influence of sociodemographic characteristics and clinical indicators on the perceptions of parents/caregivers regarding the oral health of individuals with DS.MethodsParents/caregivers completed a questionnaire containing sociodemographic information and answered the 20 questions of the Brazilian version of the Oral Health Scale for People with DS. Intra‐oral clinical exam of children/adolescents was performed to assess dental caries, periodontal disease, and malocclusion. Descriptive statistics, bivariate analyses, and Poisson regression model analyses were carried out.ResultsIn this study, 55.1% of the parents/caregivers showed a positive perception regarding the oral health of their children/adolescents. Parents/caregivers of individuals between 4 and 9 years old (Prevalence Ratio (PR) = 1.13; Confidence Interval (CI), 1.04 – 1.23; p = 0.003) and parents/caregivers of those with definite malocclusion (PR = 1.14; CI, 1.00 – 1.31; p = 0.047) had a higher prevalence of reporting a more negative perception of their children's/adolescents' oral health.ConclusionDS individuals' age and the severity of malocclusion were indicators of a more negative perception of parents/caregivers regarding their sons'/daughters' oral health.
A pilot study of immunotherapy in dogs with atopic dermatitis using a mannan‐Dermatophagoides farinae allergoid targeting dendritic cells
Authors: González José‐Luis , Zalve Vicente , Fernández‐Caldas Enrique , Cases Bárbara , Subiza José‐Luis , Casanovas Miguel 
Published: September 2018

BackgroundPolymerized allergoids coupled to nonoxidized mannan (PM‐allergoids) are novel allergen preparations used for immunotherapy.ObjectiveTo evaluate PM‐allergoids as an alternative immunotherapy for dogs with canine atopic dermatitis (cAD) associated with serological responses to Dermatophagoides farinae allergens.AnimalsSixteen dogs with history and clinical signs of cAD; positive on serum allergen specific IgE testing to D. farinae. Twelve dogs were, in addition, positive to Acarus siro and/or Lepidoglyphus destructor.Methods and materialsA prospective pilot study with no control group. PM‐allergoids were administered by subcutaneous injection over a 10 month period. A pruritus Visual Analog Scale (pVAS) and medication scores were evaluated. Adverse reactions were recorded.ResultsThe median value of the pVAS of the dogs decreased from 0.6 to 0.2 with a median of 67% improvement over the first three months (P < 0.0001). The individual improvement for each dog was greater than 60%. No major adverse effects were observed.Conclusions and clinical importanceAllergen‐specific immunotherapy using an allergoid coupled to nonoxidized mannan may be an effective alternative for the management of cAD.
Rate of left ventricular pressure change by Doppler echocardiography in dogs with chronic mitral valve disease at different stages of congestive heart failure
Authors: Kim Yun‐Hye , Choi Gum‐Joo , Park Chul 
Published: September 2018

AbstractAlthough the major pathological feature of chronic mitral valve disease is mitral regurgitation, myocardial dysfunction has been suggested to be present in dogs with chronic mitral valve disease. However, accurate assessment of myocardial function remains challenging. Doppler‐derived rate of left ventricular pressure change is a simple, less load‐dependent method for evaluating myocardial function. We aimed to evaluate Doppler‐derived rate of left ventricular pressure change for assessing myocardial function in different stages of dogs with chronic mitral valve disease. This analytical cross‐sectional study recruited 55 client‐owned dogs with chronic mitral valve disease prospectively. Based on physical examination, indirectly measured blood pressure, routine hematologic and biochemistry examinations, thoracic radiography, electrocardiography, and echocardiography, dogs were diagnosed as mitral valve disease and excluded for systemic diseases and other cardiac diseases. They were classified according to the International Small Animal Cardiac Health Council scales. Doppler‐derived rates of left ventricular pressure rise and fall (dP/dt and –dP/dt) were analyzed by two investigators using continuous‐wave Doppler imaging. Doppler‐derived dP/dt was higher in dogs of class IIIa than in those of the other classes, whereas values of –dP/dt decreased significantly with the severity of congestive heart failure. The peak velocity of the early diastolic wave and –dP/dt were identified as independent predictors of congestive heart failure. Our findings suggested that Doppler‐derived dP/dt and –dP/dt, used in combination with conventional echocardiographic variables, could allow a better understanding of myocardial dysfunction and a possibility for prediction of the risk of heart failure in dogs with chronic mitral valve disease.
Modeling and simulation of customer dissatisfaction, worker unpunctuality and tolerance to delay in make-to-order supply chains measured through customer lifetime value performance
Authors: Alvarado Valencia Jorge Andrés , Silva Daniel 
Published: September 2018

Introduction: We developed a model for a make-to-order supply chain to evaluate the effects of worker unpunctuality, tolerance to delay and word-of-mouth according to customer waiting time (dis)satisfaction in four customer lifetime value measures (CLTV): switching customers, the number of sales per customer, the average customer loyalty and the potential market reached. Methods: We developed a hybrid (agent-based and discrete-event) simulation in a 33 * 4 experimental design. Results: All of the variables were significant in the four CLTV measures, except for tolerance to delay. The positive word-of-mouth effect was greater than the negative word-of-mouth effect. There were significant interactions between positive and negative word-of-mouth. Conclusions: This type of model becomes a decision support tool for businesses to evaluate their mid-to-long term performance taking into account their customers’ long-term behaviors and the relationships between potential customers in repetitive and competitive environments.
Iontophoretic delivery of dexamethasone phosphate for non-infectious, non-necrotising anterior scleritis, dose-finding clinical trial
Authors: O’Neil Erin C , Huang Jiayan , Suhler Eric B , Dunn Jr James P , Perez Victor L , Gritz David C , McWilliams Kathy , Peskin Ellen , Ying Gui-shuang , Bunya Vatinee Y , Maguire Maureen G , Kempen John H 
Published: September 2018

AbstractCurrently available treatment options for non-infectious scleritis, including non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, systemic corticosteroids and immunosuppressive therapies, have both efficacy and side effect limitations. Iontophoretic delivery of corticosteroids has been demonstrated to be effective for anterior uveitis and represents a potential new approach to scleritis therapy. We hypothesised that iontophoretic delivery would provide effective and precise medication delivery to the sclera, while limiting systemic exposure and side effects. This first-in-human randomised, double-masked, dose-escalating study of iontophoretic administration of dexamethasone phosphate for scleritis suggests the treatment to be well tolerated and safe (within the limitations of the 18 patients sample size). There was a suggestion of efficacy in the lowest (1.2 mA/min at 0.4 mA) dose group (corresponding to the superficial location of scleritis compared with anterior uveitis), with 5/7 eyes meeting the primary efficacy outcome within 28 days. Our results suggest iontophoretic delivery of corticosteroids is a promising potential treatment for scleritis, with favourable safety and preliminary efficacy results in this phase 1 trial.Trial registration numberNCT01059955.
What factors influence older people’s intention to enrol in nursing homes? A cross-sectional observational study in Shanghai, China
Authors: Luo Mengyun , Xue Yajiong , Zhang Shunxing , Dong Yuanyuan , Mo Dandan , Dong Wei , Qian Kun , Fang Yue , Liang Huigang , Zhang Zhiruo 
Published: September 2018

ObjectivesGiven the increasing need of long-term care and the low occupancy rate of nursing homes in Shanghai, this study attempts to explore what factors influence older people’s intention to enrol in nursing homes.DesignA cross-sectional observational study based on the theory of reasoned action was conducted. Survey data were collected from subjects during face-to-face interviews. Structural equation modelling was employed for data analysis.SettingThis study was conducted in six community health service centres in Shanghai, China. Two service centres were selected in urban, suburban and rural areas, respectively.ParticipantsA total of 641 Shanghai residents aged over 60 were surveyed.ResultsStructural equation modelling analysis showed that the research model fits the data well (χ2/df=2.948, Comparative Fit Index=0.972 and root mean squared error of approximation =0.055). Attitude (β=0.41, p<0.01), subjective norm (β=0.28, p<0.01) and value-added service (β=0.16, p<0.01) were directly associated with enrolment intention, explaining 32% of variance in intention. Attitude was significantly influenced by loneliness (β=−0.08, p<0.05), self-efficacy (β=0.32, p<0.01) and stigma (β=−0.24, p<0.01), while subjective norm was significantly influenced by life satisfaction (β=−0.15, p<0.01) and stigma (β=−0.43, p<0.01).ConclusionsThis study advances knowledge regarding the influencing factors of older people’s intention to enrol in nursing homes. It suggests that Chinese older persons’ perceived stigma has the strongest indirect effect on their intention to enrol in nursing homes. This is unique to the Chinese context and has practical implications for eldercare in China and other Asian countries with similar sociocultural contexts.
Dedicated service improves the accuracy of Barrett’s oesophagus surveillance: a prospective comparative cohort study
Authors: Britton James , Chatten Kelly , Riley Tom , Keld Richard R , Hamdy Shaheen , McLaughlin John , Ang Yeng 
Published: September 2018

ObjectivesStandards for Barrett’s oesophagus (BO) surveillance in the UK are outlined in the British Society of Gastroenterology (BSG) guidelines. This study aimed to assess the quality of current surveillance delivery compared with a dedicated service.DesignAll patients undergoing BO surveillance between January 2016 and July 2017 at a single National Health Service district general hospital were included. Patients had their endoscopy routed to a dedicated BO endoscopy list or a generic service list. Prospective data were analysed against the BSG guidelines and also compared with each patient’s prior surveillance endoscopy.Results361 patients were scheduled for surveillance of which 217 attended the dedicated list, 78 attended the non-dedicated list and 66 did not have their endoscopy. The dedicated list adhered more closely to the BSG guidelines when compared with the non-dedicated and prior endoscopy, respectively; Prague classification (100% vs 87.3% vs 82.5%, p<0.0001), hiatus hernia delineation (100% vs 64.8% vs 63.3%, p<0.0001), location and number of biopsies recorded (99.5% vs 5.6% vs 6.9%, p<0.0001), Seattle protocol adherence (72% vs 42% vs 50%, p<0.0001) and surveillance interval adherence (dedicated 100% vs prior endoscopy 75%, p<0.0001). Histology results from the dedicated and non-dedicated list cohorts revealed similar rates of intestinal metaplasia (79.8% vs 73.1%, p=0.12) and dysplasia/oesophageal adenocarcinoma (4.3% vs 2.6%, p=0.41).ConclusionsThe post-BSG guideline era of BO surveillance remains suboptimal in this UK hospital setting. A dedicated service appears to improve the accuracy and consistency of surveillance care, although the clinical significance of this remains to be determined.
Spillover effects of children’s political status on elderly parents’ health in China
Authors: Zhao Xin , Zhou Yi , Tan Huaqing , Lin Haoxiang 
Published: September 2018

BackgroundDue to the sustained increases in life expectancy over the past half century, the elderly today will receive supports from their children for a longer period than ever before. Therefore, understanding the spillover effects of children’s socioeconomic status on parents’ health becomes increasingly important for both scholars and policy makers.MethodsThe Ordinary Least Squares regression is applied to the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study 2011, a national representative dataset including approximately 10 000 households and 17 600 middle-aged and elderly respondents. The Sobel test is used to examine the mediation role of social integration.ResultsThe elderly who have a cadre child reported better health (coefficient=0.1347; 95% CI 0.067 to 0.202), had fewer activities of daily living (ADLs) limitations (coefficient=−0.1289; 95% CI −0.216 to −0.042) and were more socially integrated (coefficient=0.2321; 95% CI 0.103 to 0.361). Such effects are mainly driven by the parents of higher-ranking cadres. For the parents of higher ranking cadres, the Sobel test suggests that 12.6% of the total effects on self-reported health and 21.9% of the total effects on ADL limitations are mediated by the increase in parents’ social integration.ConclusionThe findings suggest positive spillover effects of children’s political status on parents’ health. The benefits of having a cadre child are at least equivalent to the rural–urban gap in health and even stronger for the parents of higher ranking cadres. One potential explanation for such spillover effects is that a child’s political status can improve parents’ community involvement and social interactions.
Cytotoxic effects of heated tobacco products (HTP) on human bronchial epithelial cells
Authors: Leigh Noel J , Tran Phillip L , O’Connor Richard J , Goniewicz Maciej Lukasz 
Published: September 2018

BackgroundHeated tobacco product(s) (HTP), also called heat-not-burn products, are a re-emerging class of tobacco products that purport to reduce health risk compared with smoking combustible tobacco products. This study examined the potential toxic effects of inhaling emissions from an HTP in comparison with electronic and combustible tobacco cigarettes.MethodsInhalation toxicity of HTP (IQOS; tobacco flavour), e-cigarette (MarkTen; tobacco flavour) and tobacco cigarette (Marlboro Red) was examined in vitro using an air–liquid interface with human bronchial epithelial cells (H292). Cells were exposed directly to 55 puffs from the e-cigarette, 12 puffs from the HTP and 8 puffs from the tobacco cigarette to equilibrate nicotine delivery to the cells across products. Cytotoxicity was measured using neutral red uptake and trypan blue assays. Cytotoxic effects of each tested product (HTP, e-cigarette and tobacco cigarette) were compared with an air control. Release of inflammatory markers (cytokines) was measured using ELISA.ResultsThe HTP showed higher cytotoxicity compared with the air controls using the neutral red assay. The HTP also showed higher cytotoxicity than the e-cigarette, but lower cytotoxicity than the combustible cigarettes using the same assay. A significant increase in cytokines levels, compared with air controls, was observed postexposure to tobacco smoke but not to emissions from HTP or e-cigarette aerosol.DiscussionUsing limited cytotoxic measures, the HTP showed reduced cytotoxicity relative to a combustible cigarette but higher toxicity than an e-cigarette. More comprehensive testing is needed to determine long-term effects of inhaling emissions from HTP.
Youth access to JUUL online: eBay sales of JUUL prior to and following FDA action
Authors: Laestadius Linnea , Wang Yang 
Published: September 2018

BackgroundThe novel e-cigarette product JUUL has experienced rapid market growth. The online auction site eBay has been mentioned as a source of JUUL access for youth, and the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) notified eBay to remove JUUL listings in April 2018. We sought to characterise the sale of JUUL products on eBay prior to the FDA’s request, document the impact of this request and explore ways in which eBay vendors bypassed this effort.MethodseBay was searched for JUUL-branded products sold by US vendors in March 2018, yielding a sample of 197 listings for devices and/or pods. Each listing was coded for product, listing and youth access content. Following FDA action, each listing was revisited to determine its status, and each vendor’s page was searched for JUUL and other vaping content. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics.ResultsOf 197 eBay listings, 189 were for JUUL kits and 13 were for pods. Prices were on average higher than those on the official JUUL store, and language about age restrictions was rare. Following FDA contact, most listings were no longer active. However, 3.4% of these vendors still sold JUUL devices or pods and 15.5% were selling other vaporisers or nicotine products.ConclusionsOnline platforms may lack the will or expertise to effectively monitor content for tobacco products, while vendors quickly adapt to minor changes with simple strategies such as spelling variations. Accurate identification of online e-cigarette vendors is essential to the enforcement of policy and may benefit from cross-sector partnerships.
Visuomotor feedback gains are modulated by gaze position
Authors: de Brouwer Anouk J. , Gallivan Jason P. , Flanagan J. Randall 
Published: September 2018

During goal-directed reaching, people typically direct their gaze to the target before the start of the hand movement and maintain fixation until the hand arrives. This gaze strategy improves reach accuracy in two ways. It enables the use of central vision at the end of movement, and it allows the use of extraretinal information in guiding the hand to the target. Here we tested whether fixating the reach target further facilitates reach accuracy by optimizing the use of peripheral vision in detecting, and rapidly responding to, reach errors during the ongoing movement. We examined automatic visuomotor corrections in response to displacements of the cursor representing the hand position as a function of gaze fixation location during unimanual goal-directed reaching. Eight fixation targets were positioned either in line with, or at different angles relative to, the straight-ahead movement direction (manipulation of fixation angle), and at different distances from the location of the visual perturbation (manipulation of fixation distance). We found that corrections were fastest and strongest when gaze was directed at the reach target compared with when gaze was directed to a different location in the workspace. We found that the gain of the visuomotor response was strongly affected by fixation angle, and to a smaller extent by fixation distance, with lower gains as the angle or distance increased. We submit that fixating the reach target improves reach accuracy by facilitating rapid visuomotor responses to reach errors viewed in peripheral vision. NEW & NOTEWORTHY It is well known that directing gaze to the reach target allows the use of foveal visual feedback and extraretinal information to improve the accuracy of reaching movements. Here we demonstrate that target fixation also optimizes rapid visuomotor corrections to reach errors viewed in peripheral vision, with the angle of gaze relative to the hand movement being a critical determinant in the gain of the visuomotor response.
EGR1-Mediated Transcription of lncRNA-HNF1A-AS1 Promotes Cell-Cycle Progression in Gastric Cancer
Authors: Liu Hai-Ting , Liu Sen , Liu Lei , Ma Ran-Ran , Gao Peng 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNA) are dysregulated in various human cancers and control tumor development and progression. However, the upstream mechanisms underlying their dysregulation remain unclear. Here, we demonstrate that the expression of hepatocyte nuclear factor 1 homeobox A antisense RNA 1 (HNF1A-AS1) is significantly upregulated in gastric cancer tissues. Overexpression of HNF1A-AS1 enhanced cell proliferation and promoted cell-cycle progression, whereas knockdown of HNF1A-AS1 elicited the opposite effects. Early growth response protein 1 (EGR1) directly bound the HNF1A-AS1 promoter region and activated its transcription. Overexpression of EGR1 enhanced cell proliferation and promoted cell-cycle promotion, similar to the function of HNF1A-AS1. HNF1A-AS1 functioned as competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) by binding to miR-661, upregulating the expression of cell division cycle 34 (CDC34), which is a direct target of miR-661. EGR1 and HNF1A-AS1 enhanced the expression of cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2), CDK4, and cyclin E1 but inhibited the expression of p21 by promoting CDC34-mediated ubiquitination and degradation of p21. Taken together, these findings suggest that EGR1-activated HNF1A-AS1 regulates various pro- and antigrowth factors to promote the development of gastric cancer, implicating it as a possible target for therapeutic intervention in this disease.
Significance: This study provides novel insights into mechanisms by which the noncoding RNA HNF1A-AS1 contributes to gastric cancer progression through modulation of the cell cycle. Cancer Res; 78(20); 5877–90. ©2018 AACR.