bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Roflumilast, a phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor, attenuates cadmium-induced renal toxicity via modulation of NF-κB activation and induction of NQO1 in rats
Authors: Ansari MN , Aloliet RI , Ganaie MA , Khan TH , Najeeb-ur-Rehman  , Imam F , Hamad AM 
Published: February 2019

Objective: In the present study, the protective effect of Roflumilast (ROF, a selective phosphodiesterase (PDE-4) inhibitor) was investigated against cadmium (Cd)-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Methods: A total of 24 rats were selected and randomly divided into four groups ( n = 6). Group 1 served as the control; groups 2–4 administered with CdCl2 (3 mg/kg, i.p.) for 7 days; groups 3 and 4 were co-administered with ROF in doses of 0.5 and 1.5 mg/kg, orally for 7 consecutive days. Nephrotoxicity was evaluated by measuring urine volume, urea and creatinine levels in urine and serum. Oxidative stress was confirmed by measuring malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) levels in kidney tissue followed by histopathological studies. Results: CdCl2 administration results in a significant ( p < 0.01) decrease in urine volume, urea, and creatinine levels in urine, as well as GSH, SOD, and CAT levels in renal tissue. In addition, Cd also produced significantly increased ( p < 0.01) urea and creatinine levels in serum and TBARS levels in renal tissues. Rats treated with ROF significantly ( p < 0.01) restore the altered levels of kidney injury markers, nonenzymatic antioxidant, as well as depleted enzymes in dose-dependent manner. An increased expression of NF-κB p65 and decreased expression of GST and NQO1 in the Cd only treated group were significantly reversed by high dose of ROF (1.5 mg/kg). Histopathological changes were also ameliorated by ROF administration in Cd-treated groups. Conclusion: In conclusion, ROF treatment showed protective effect against renal damage and increased oxidative stress induced by Cd administration.
Medium to long-term results of a recessed glenoid for glenoid resurfacing in total shoulder arthroplasty
Authors: Ross Mark , Glasson Jean-Marc , Alexander Justin , Conyard Christopher G , Hope Benjamin , Jenkins Owen , Duke Phillip FR 
Published: February 2019

Background Recessed mini-glenoid components provide an alternative to total shoulder replacement that may avoid some of the known shortcomings and complications associated with shoulder hemiarthroplasty or standard glenoid components in difficult cases. This study reports survivorship, radiological and clinical outcomes of a recessed mini-glenoid implant in a consecutive cohort. Methods Retrospective cohort study reporting outcomes of 28 consecutive shoulders (27 patients) following total shoulder replacement using a recessed, cemented mini-glenoid implant at two sites. Results The most frequent diagnosis was primary osteoarthritis (79%); glenoid morphology was Walch Type A (67%), B1 15%, B2 10% and C 10%. At final follow-up, pain was 16.3 (SD = 23.1), American Shoulder and Elbow Score was 64.5 (SD = 31.9) and (normalized) Constant score was 83.0 (SD = 20.7). Implant survivorship at average final follow-up of seven years (3–13) was 96.4%. Seven mini-glenoids showed small peripheral radiolucent lines at one-year X-ray follow-up but were non-progressive on subsequent imaging. Discussion Recessed polyethylene mini-glenoid is an attractive alternative for shoulder arthroplasty and provides an intermediate solution between standard glenoid components and hemiarthroplasty. Our medium to long-term results demonstrate reliable clinical outcomes, absence of glenoid erosion, low complication rate and satisfactory implant survivorship.
Health records as the basis of clinical coding: Is the quality adequate? A qualitative study of medical coders’ perceptions
Authors: Alonso Vera , Santos João Vasco , Pinto Marta , Ferreira Joana , Lema Isabel , Lopes Fernando , Freitas Alberto 
Published: February 2019

Background: Health records are the basis of clinical coding. In Portugal, relevant diagnoses and procedures are abstracted and categorised using an internationally accepted classification system and the resulting codes, together with the administrative data, are then grouped into diagnosis-related groups (DRGs). Hospital reimbursement is partially calculated from the DRGs. Moreover, the administrative database generated with these data is widely used in research and epidemiology, among other purposes. Objective: To explore the perceptions of medical coders (medical doctors) regarding possible problems with health records that may affect the quality of coded data. Method: A qualitative design using four focus groups sessions with 10 medical coders was undertaken between October and November 2017. The convenience sample was obtained from four public hospitals in Portugal. Questions related to problems with the coding process were developed from the literature and authors’ expertise. The focus groups sessions were taped, transcribed and analysed to elicit themes. Results: There are several problems, identified by the focus groups, in health records that influence the coded data: the lack of or unclear documented information; the variability in diagnosis description; “copy & paste”; and the lack of solutions to solve these problems. Conclusion and implications: The use of standards in health records, audits and physician awareness could increase the quality of health records, contributing to improvements in the quality of coded data, and in the fulfilment of its purposes (e.g. more accurate payments and more reliable research).
Factors affecting compliance to hospital visit among clubfoot patients: A cross-sectional study from a tertiary referral clubfoot clinic in the developing country
Authors: Poudel Rishi R , Kumar Venkatesan S , Tiwari Vivek , Subramani Suresh , Khan Shah Alam 
Published: February 2019

Purpose: Ensuring compliance to treatment protocol, especially regular visit to treating facility, is an important aspect of clubfoot management. However, the factors affecting compliance to follow-up schedule are myriad. Methods: A cross-sectional study was undertaken among caregivers of clubfoot patients from a tertiary referral clubfoot clinic in a developing country. Hospital records were reviewed to collect demographic data and subjects were classified as either “regular” or “irregular” if they missed ≤3 and >3 scheduled hospital visits, respectively. Various factors that could affect compliance such as family size, number of children, literacy of caregiver, occupation of breadwinner, and time taken to travel to hospital were studied. Caregivers were probed regarding the reason for their irregularity. Results: A total of 238 patients were included, of which 138 formed the “regular” group and the rest 100 formed the “irregular” group. Patients in the regular group were significantly younger (mean age 43.8 months) compared to the irregular group (59.8 months; p = 0.001). The mean follow-up period in the regular group was 28.1 months and in the irregular group was 33.8 months. On univariate analysis, age, duration of follow-up, and transport duration were found to be significant between the two groups. However, multivariate analysis revealed that female children with clubfoot are more likely to be irregular as compared to males ( p = 0.038). Conclusion: In a developing country setting, higher age and being a female child are associated with irregularity to hospital visit protocol. At clubfoot clinics, identifying these children and counseling their caregivers might improve compliance.
Accuracy of the α-defensin lateral flow assay for diagnosing periprosthetic joint infection in Asians
Authors: Ding Benjamin TK , Tan Kelvin Guoping , Kau Chung Yuan , Chan Henry Ying Ho , Mohd Fadil Muhd Farhan Bin 
Published: February 2019

Objective: This study aimed to test the accuracy of the Synovasure®, α-defensin lateral flow test kit, in diagnosing periprosthetic joint infections (PJIs) in a predominantly Asian population and to evaluate whether other patient or disease factors may affect its results. Methods: 61 Asian patients comprising 70 hip or knee prosthetic joints, performed between November 2015 and November 2018, were retrospectively evaluated. Cases were categorized as infected or not infected using Musculoskeletal Infection Society (MSIS) Criteria. Synovial fluid was tested for α-defensin using a commercially available kit. . Results: The Synovasure test had a sensitivity of 73.7% (95% confidence interval (CI): 48.8–90.9%) and specificity of 92.2% (95% CI: 81.1–97.8%) in an Asian population, which was slightly lower compared to previously reported studies in a predominantly Caucasian population. The positive predictive value was 77.8% (95% CI: 56.8–90.3%) and the negative predictive value was 90.4% (95% CI: 81.5–95.2%). The test had an area under curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) graph of 0.938, which represents an accuracy that is similar to synovial white blood cells (WBCs) and almost equivalent to that of synovial polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs). The presence of diabetes ( p = 0.26), systemic inflammatory joint disease ( p = 0.33), other metallic implants ( p = 0.53), immunosuppression ( p = 0.13), prior antibiotic usage ( p = 0.99), and chronicity of symptoms ( p = 0.34) was not significantly associated with a positive test in patients with PJI. Conclusion: The α-defensin lateral flow test kit is highly accurate in the diagnosis of PJI but with slightly lower sensitivity and specificity in an Asian population when compared with previous studies. The test should be used in conjunction with other MSIS criteria to provide clinically relevant and meaningful results for the diagnosis of PJI.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: The impact mechanism of rural land circulation on promoting rural revitalization based on wireless network development
Authors: Zheng Ai-min , Li Zhong 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe objective and accurate evaluation of land value is one of the biggest interest issues that farmers are concerned about in the transfer of rural land, and it is one of the influencing factors that influence the country’s rural rejuvenation strategy recommendation. Considering the nonlinear characteristics of various policy and social issues, such as the nature of land and market chaos in the process of rural land circulation, neural networks are introduced to study rural land evaluation based on the development of wireless networks, and the mechanism of influence of promotion of rural regeneration is explored. After analyzing the structure and flow of the neural network, the related equations of the BP neural network are updated, and the introduction of a genetic algorithm to establish a hybrid model is proposed to promote the effective evaluation of the complexity problem by the BP neural network algorithm and improve the prediction accuracy. After simulation experiments show that this study can provide a fair evaluation of the value of rural land transfer, and it has positive significance for promoting the development strategy of rural rejuvenation.
Evidence of the environmental impact of noise pollution on biodiversity: a systematic map protocol
Authors: Sordello Romain , Flamerie De Lachapelle Frédérique , Livoreil Barbara , Vanpeene Sylvie 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Background
For decades, biodiversity has suffered massive losses worldwide. Urbanization is one of the major drivers of extinction because it leads to the physical fragmentation and loss of natural habitats and it is associated with related effects, e.g. pollution and in particular noise pollution given that many man-made sounds are generated in cities (e.g. industrial and traffic noise, etc.). However, all human activities generate sounds, even far from any human habitation (e.g. motor boats on lakes, aircraft in the air, etc.). Ecological research now deals increasingly with the effects of noise pollution on biodiversity. Many studies have shown the impacts of anthropogenic noise and concluded that it is potentially a threat to life on Earth. The present work describes a protocol to systematically map evidence of the environmental impact of noise pollution on biodiversity. The resulting map will inform on the species most studied and on the demonstrated impacts. This will be useful for further primary research by identifying knowledge gaps and in view of further analysis, such as systematic reviews.

Methods
Searches will include peer-reviewed and grey literature published in English and French. Two online databases will be searched using English terms and search consistency will be assessed with a test list. No geographical restrictions will be applied. The subject population will include all species. Exposures will include all types of man-made sounds (industrial, traffic, etc.) in all types of environments (or media) (terrestrial, aerial, aquatic), including all contexts and sound origins (spontaneous or recorded sounds, in situ or laboratory studies, etc.). All relevant outcomes will be considered (space use, reproduction, communication, abundance, etc.). An open-access database will be produced with all relevant studies selected during the three screening stages. For each study, the database will contain metadata on key variables of interest (species, types of sound, outcomes, etc.). This database will be available in conjunction with a map report describing the mapping process and the evidence base with summary figures and tables of the study characteristics.
Nrf2-Mediated Antioxidant Activity of the inner bark extracts obtained from Tabebuia rosea (Bertol) DC and Tabebuia chrysantha (JACQ) G. Nicholson.
Authors: Garzón-Castaño Sandra C. , Lopera-Castrillón Iván A. , Jiménez-González Francisco J. , Siller-López Fernando , Veloza Luz A. , Sepúlveda-Arias Juan Carlos 
Published: February 2019

Background: Several ethnobotanical and ethnopharmacological studies have shown the therapeutic potential of plants from the genus Tabebuia, which have long been used in traditional medicine in rural areas of South America, for the treatment of several human diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the Nrf2-mediated antioxidant activity of the inner bark extracts obtained from Tabebuia rosea and Tabebuia chrysantha. Methods: The antioxidant activity of extracts obtained from the inner bark of T. rosea and T. chrysantha was evaluated using the Oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) technique. The effect of extracts on the viability of HepG2 cells was determined using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) method. The translocation of Nrf2 to the nucleus after exposure of HepG2 cells to the extracts and controls (α-lipoic acid, curcumin and hydrogen peroxide) was evaluated using the Nrf2 transcription factor kit. Induction of the Nrf2-mediated antioxidant response gene (NQO1) was evaluated by real-time PCR. Results: The ethyl acetate extract obtained from both species displayed the highest ORAC activity (12,523 and 6,325 µmoles Eq Trolox/g extract). In addition, the extracts had the ability to activate and to translocate Nrf2 to the nucleus, as well as to induce the expression of NQO1. Conclusion: These results indicate that the ethyl acetate extracts obtained from the inner bark of T. chrysantha and T. rosea have an important antioxidant effect mediated by Nrf2 activation, and could be used as a new source of natural antioxidants.
Priority use cases for antibody-detecting assays of recent malaria exposure as tools to achieve and sustain malaria elimination
Authors: Greenhouse Bryan , Daily Jennifer , Guinovart Caterina , Goncalves Bronner , Beeson James , Bell David , Chang Michelle A. , Cohen Justin M. , Ding Xavier , Domingo Gonzalo , Eisele Thomas P. , Lammie Patrick J. , Mayor Alfredo , Merienne Nicolas , Monteiro Wuelto , Painter John , Rodriguez Isabel , White Michael , Drakeley Chris , Mueller Ivo ,   The Malaria Serology Convening
Published: February 2019

Measurement of malaria specific antibody responses represents a practical and informative method for malaria control programs to assess recent exposure to infection. Technical advances in recombinant antigen production, serological screening platforms, and analytical methods have enabled the identification of several target antigens for laboratory based and point-of-contact tests. Questions remain as to how these serological assays can best be integrated into malaria surveillance activities to inform programmatic decision-making. This report synthesizes discussions from a convening at Institut Pasteur in Paris in June 2017 aimed at defining practical and informative use cases for serology applications and highlights five programmatic uses for serological assays including: documenting the absence of transmission; stratification of transmission; measuring the effect of interventions; informing a decentralized immediate response; and testing and treating P. vivax hypnozoite carriers.
Associations between risk factors and developmental dysplasia of the hip and ultrasonographic hip type: A retrospective case control study
Authors: Ömeroğlu H. , Akceylan A. , Köse N. 
Published: February 2019

Purpose We aimed to revisit the correlation between the previously defined risk factors and the occurrence of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) and to assess the influence of these factors on the ultrasonographic type of hip dysplasia according to the Graf's classification in patients with DDH. Methods Data of healthy infants (mean age 33 days) who had bilateral mature (normal) hips (Graf type I) were compared with the data of infants (mean age 105 days) who were treated by abduction brace due to unilateral or bilateral DDH (Graf type IIa- and worse hips). Results Infants with at least one risk factor had a significantly higher rate of DDH than those with no risk factors (p < 0.001). Likewise, infants with more than one risk factor had a significantly higher rate of DDH than those with only one risk factor (p = 0.008). Family history, breech presentation and swaddling were found to be the three significant risk factors related to the development of DDH. Family history, swaddling and oligohydramnios were found to be the three significant risk factors correlated with a higher rate of unstable/decentred hip(s) (Graf types D/III/IV) in patients with DDH. Conclusion The risk of DDH significantly increases in infants who have more than one risk factor for DDH. Positive family history and postnatal traditional swaddling are the two main factors both in the aetiology of DDH and in development of a more severe hip dysplasia in patients with DDH. Besides, breech presentation increases the risk of development of DDH and oligohydramnios leads to development of a more severe hip dysplasia in patients with DDH. By introducing these four variables as ‘absolute risk factors for DDH’ to the selective newborn hip screening programmes, the sensitivity and specificity of these programmes may be optimized and the risk of delayed diagnosis may be lessened. Level of Evidence Level III prognostic study
Human Papillomavirus Risk Perceptions Among Young Adult Sexual Minority Cisgender Women and Nonbinary Individuals Assigned Female at Birth
Authors: Agénor Madina , Jahn Jaquelyn L. , Kay Eriko , Bishop Rachel A. , Peitzmeier Sarah M. , Potter Jennifer , Austin S. Bryn 
Published: February 2019

CONTEXTSome sexual minority women may be less likely than other women to engage in human papillomavirus (HPV) prevention behaviors. Although risk perceptions have been found to be associated with health behaviors, HPV risk perceptions among U.S. sexual minority women have not been examined.METHODSIn 2016–2017, in‐depth interviews were conducted in Boston with 29 sexual minority individuals aged 18–36 who were assigned female at birth (AFAB) and identified as women or nonbinary. Purposive sampling was used to recruit participants online, through community‐based and student organizations, and by word of mouth. Thematic analysis was employed to examine participants’ HPV risk perceptions.RESULTSParticipants incorrectly linked HPV risk to the exchange of genital fluids, and a hierarchy of perceived risk emerged in relation to sexual orientation: Individuals who engage in penile‐vaginal sex with partners who were assigned male at birth (AMAB) were perceived to be at highest risk, and lesbians and individuals with only AFAB partners were perceived to be at low risk. Lesbians and participants with only AFAB partners identified sex with bisexual women or AFAB individuals with AMAB partners as a risk factor for HPV infection. Risk perceptions were shaped by health care providers’ linking HPV risk to sex with AMAB individuals, a lack of discussion of HPV with parents and peers, and the exclusion of information on HPV and sexual minority women from school‐based sex education.CONCLUSIONInterventions providing sexual minority AFAB individuals with comprehensive, accurate and tailored information about HPV risk are needed.
Tasavvufta Kalbin Kirlenmesi ve Temizlenmesi Konusu
Authors: ŞİMŞEK Halil İbrahim 
Published: February 2019

Bu makalede önce mutasavvıfların anlayışına göre kalbin tanımı, kirlenmesi ve buna sebep olan etkenlerin neler olduğu ortaya konulmaktadır. Daha sonra mutasavvıfların kalp temizliği ve onu sağlayan unsurlar hakkındaki görüşleri incelenmektedir. Mutasavvıflara göre kişi ahlak açısından çeşitli kötü özelliklere sahip olursa kalbini kirletir. Böylece onun bu yaptıkları kendisinin öteki dünyada helake maruz kalmasına sebep olur. Fakat kişi kalbin maruz kaldığı kötülüklerin manevi ilacı olan iyi özelliklerle vasıflanarak onun kurtuluşunu sağlar. Mutasavvıflara göre peygamberlerin Allah tarafından insanlara gönderiliş amaçları ve onların tebliğ ettikleri dinlerin gayelerinden biri kalp temizliğidir. İlk dönem mutasavvıflarının “sufi kimdir?” sorusuna “Allah için kalbini arındıran kişidir” cevabı bu bağlamda değerlendirilmektedir. Tasavvufî düşüncede önemli bir konu olan insan-ı kâmil kalp temizliğini tam olarak gerçekleştiren ve bu özelliğini koruyan kişidir.
Fecr Suresinin 27-30. Ayetlerinin (Nefs-i Mutmainne) Anlaşılma Sorunları Üzerine
Authors: GEZER Süleyman 
Published: February 2019

Fecr suresinin 27. ayetinde geçen “Ey huzura eren nefis” ifadesinde hitabın kime olduğuna dair bazı tartışmalar mevcuttur. Buna göre hitabın, surenin insicamı dikkate alınarak müşriklere dönük bir hitap olması gerektiği savunulur. Ne var ki bu görüş geleneksel tefsir literatürüyle uyuşmaz. Konuyla ilgili rivayetler hitabın mü’mine olacağına-olduğuna dair açıklamalarda yoğunlaşmaktadır. Temel problem insicamı bozduğu gerekçesiyle böyle bir anlama gidilmesidir. Kur’an’da her ne kadar belli bir ahenk olsa da geleneksel anlayış onu hiçbir zaman kronolojik bir yapı olarak algılamamıştır. Daha çok mushaf tertibi üzerinden bir anlayış geliştirmiştir. Zaten tenasüp ve insicam konusu müfessirin dirayet ve tutumuyla belirginleşen bir yapı arz etmektedir.
الإعجاز القرآني في كلمة كفاتا
Authors: MOHAMMED Qays Abdullah 
Published: February 2019

هذا البحث بين من خلاله:الاعجاز البياني والعلمي البليغ في إختيار كلمة القرآنية: وقد إنكشف من خلال البحث تسعة معان لكلمة كتافا كلها تطابق السياق القرآني, وأقوال المفسرين واللغة العربية والحقيقة العلمية وهذه المعاني هي الضم والطيران السريع والحركة المتعرجة والدوران التقلب والدوران في مدارات ثابتة و كفت الاذى و كون الأرض جامعة للضروريات وكونها غطاء ووعاء وأن من الارض احياء العمارات والنبات وامواتا بالجدب
The Science of Linguistic and Philosophical Logic in Rasâilu Ikhwân al- Safâ
Authors: ÖZEL Aytekin 
Published: February 2019

This study presents the contents of ‘the science of philosophical logic’ and ‘the science of linguistic logic’ which are found in Eisagoge text in the Ikhwân al-Safâ’s Rasâilu Ikhwân al- Safâ. This study also assesses these contents in terms of the history of logic. ‘Philosophical logic’ is a term, also used in the modern era and also it is possible to talk about the “presentday” a discipline of linguistic logic. It seems to me that these were seen in the tractates of Ikhwan al-Safâ (10th century) for the first time although their usage was somehow different than their contemporary usage.