bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intravital Imaging of Disease Mechanisms in a Mouse Model of CCM Skin Lesions—Brief Report
Authors: Orlich Michael M. , Norrén Amanda , Desai Malavika , Holm Annegret , Kozakewich Harry , Schoofs Hans , Mäkinen Taija , Bischoff Joyce , Gaengel Konstantin 
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND:
Cerebral cavernous malformation (CCM) is a disease characterized by vascular malformations that primarily develop in the brain. These malformations are prone to leak, and their rupture or thrombotic closure can cause life-threatening hemorrhages and strokes. Mouse models have been instrumental to study the disease, but most cause premature lethality, precluding the investigation of disease mechanisms through intravital microscopy. Current mouse models also do not recapitulate human CCM skin lesions.

METHODS:

Endothelial-specific deletion of
Ccm3
via systemic tamoxifen application at postnatal day 4 or 5 prolongs survival and induces vascular malformations in the mouse brain and ear skin. CCM skin lesions can also be induced by topical tamoxifen administration directly to the ear. The thin, flat morphology of the ear skin is ideal for intravital microscopy. Dextran dyes and platelet markers allow to study blood flow and blood clot formation in living animals, in real time.

RESULTS:
We report that human CCM skin lesions can be recapitulated in a mouse model and that skin lesions share hallmarks of CCM brain lesions. Intravital imaging reveals that CCM skin lesions are slow-flow malformations prone to thrombus formation.

CONCLUSIONS:
Intravital imaging of CCM skin lesions expands the toolkit of CCM research and allows longitudinal studies of lesion growth.
Limosilactobacillus reuteri ameliorates maternal separation stress in newborn mice and alters subsequent adult behaviour
Authors: Saleh Z.M. , Okeugo B. , Venna V.R. , Blixt F.W. , Quaicoe V.A. , Park E.S. , Giorgberidze S. , Luo M. , Taylor C.M. , Rhoads J.M. , Liu Y. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Maternal separation (MS) in mice results in behavioral deficits and gut microbiota dysbiosis that all persist into adulthood. Limosilactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 modulates gut microbiota, alters systemic metabolites, and facilitates immune regulation. To assess the effect of DSM 17938 on biochemical and behavioural stress-associated changes, newborn mice were exposed to unpredictable MS (MSU) daily from day 7 to day 20 of life, with intragastric administration of DSM 17938 or PBS as control. Body weight, brain levels of cholecystokinin (CCK), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), corticosterone, and stool microbiota were assessed at day 21. Behaviour tests including Y-maze (YMT), Tail Suspension (TST), and Open Field (OFT) were evaluated in adult mice. MSU resulted in a decrease in early postnatal growth, which improved with DSM 17938. Reduced CCK and increased corticosterone brain levels due to MSU were reversed by DSM 17938. GFAP levels increased with MSU, indicating that the decreased brain CCK was likely secondary to neuronal damage. DSM 17938 treated offspring demonstrated better cognitive function and less anxious behaviour in adult behaviour tests. DSM 17398 corrected stress related gut microbial dysbiosis. In conclusion, early life modulation of gut microbiota by DSM 17938 had beneficial effects on stress-associated physical and biochemical changes caused by MS in neonates and on subsequent adult behaviour.
Califat ottoman et nationalisme arabe vu du Maghreb : les Jeunes Tunisiens prennent la plume
Authors: Moreau Odile , Tedeschi Luca 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This essay offers a reflection on the political-religious relevance of the Ottoman caliph in the Maghreb, proving to be a factor of Muslim unity, capable of influencing Arab political discourse and public opinion in the early 20th century.
The analysis of the Young Tunisians’ press investigates the nationalist movement’s view of the Ottoman caliph between 1907 and 1918. Focusing on the response to the transformations involving the Ottoman caliph from the Young Turk Revolution in 1908 to the First World War, the article examines Le Tunisien and La Revue du Maghreb, charting the orientation of the Young Tunisians in the face of these changes : the reintroduction of the Ottoman constitution, the deposition of Abdülhamid II, the rise to the throne of Mehmed V, and the rumors for an Arab caliphate.
As a result, the analysis of this case study shows the loyalty to the Ottoman caliph by the Young Tunisians. Finally, this approach allows to read the relationship between Young Tunisians and Young Turks from a different angle. Indeed, if the Tunisian nationalists view the Young Turk Revolution and a constitutionalist and liberal political project as a source of inspiration, and, at the same time, they affirm a strong pan- Islamist sentiment.
Le califat chez les islamistes légalistes : une utopie dépassée ?
Authors: Seniguer Haoues 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The subject of Islamism is certainly controversial from a scholarly point of view, but it is also and above all regularly caught up in the media maelstrom. This makes it difficult to see things clearly. I defend one central hypothesis : Islamism, which I define as a form of intensified politicisation of Islam, from its Egyptian epicentre onwards, has never had the practical means to realise its original claims, i.e. to systematically realise the Great Narrative (al-riwāya al-kubrā), i.e. [to build the Muslim individual, the Muslim home, the Muslim society, the Muslim state, the Islamic caliphate, up to the point of assuming the leadership of humanity (ustāḏiyyat al-ʿālam)]. However, it is not so much the history of its failures, especially political ones, as the successive setbacks it has had to deal with that fundamentally characterises the legalist tendency in which we are particularly interested. This tendency has more or less explicitly renounced the caliphal utopia and is confronted, like any other political organisation, with the principle of reality.
A Note on the Relation between the Cold-V Brightness Temperature Feature and the Above-Anvil Cirrus
Authors: Liang Ziling , Huang Yi 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Severe convective storms, including supercell thunderstorms, are known to produce distinctive features in satellite imagery, one of which is the cold (enhanced) “V” brightness temperature anomaly pattern. This feature is frequently used by weather forecasters to aid severe weather warnings and is often attributed to the above-anvil cirrus (AAC). However, multiple explanations of the cold-V feature have been proposed, and its relation to AAC continues to be debated. This note aims to clarify their relation, by using the satellite images synthesized from the high-resolution simulation of overshooting convective storms by the Global Environmental Multiscale model combined with the Moderate Spectral Resolution Transmittance radiative transfer model. It is found that most of the AAC are optically too thin to create the cold-V temperature contrast in the brightness temperature field. As the cloud body that contributes the most to satellite-measured radiance locates at the effective emission level, the cloud temperature at this level is found to best explain the brightness temperature features, with a spatial correlation generally exceeding 0.80. Therefore, the temperature inhomogeneity inside the anvil cloud, as opposed to the AAC, is found to be the cause of the cold-V feature. This finding cautions against the notion of a causality relation between the AAC and the cold-V feature and suggests they should be considered as separate evidence in interpreting the satellite images for severe weather forecasts.

Significance Statement
The cold-V feature in infrared satellite imagery is an important indicator used for severe weather warnings. It was believed that this pattern is caused by specific high-altitude clouds known as the above-anvil cirrus. However, our study suggests otherwise. We found that the variations in temperature within the main body of the anvil cloud, not the above-anvil cirrus, are actually responsible for this pattern. This is important because it changes how meteorologists interpret satellite images, potentially leading to more accurate weather forecasts. Our findings encourage further research into understanding cloud temperatures and their impact on weather prediction, which is vital for public safety and preparedness for extreme weather.
Outcomes After Duodenoduodenostomy for Superior Mesenteric Artery Syndrome
Authors: Ang Darwin , Hofmann Alana , Attili Abdelrahman , Sang Whiyie , Soltani Tandis , Richards Winston , Ferber Laurence , Taylor Dana 
Published: November 2024

Background Superior Mesenteric Artery Syndrome (SMAS) is a very rare disease that causes starvation and malnutrition secondary to a mechanical obstruction of the 3rd portion of the duodenum between the superior mesenteric artery and aorta. Long-term outcomes following surgery for SMAS by current methods have a high failure rate of 21%-67%. We report the 3-year outcomes of a novel operation for SMAS described as the duodenoduodenostomy (DD). Methods This is a longitudinal case series of 12 patients who underwent the DD operation for SMAS, comparing pre-surgery to post-surgery 3-year outcomes. Weight, Body Metabolic Index (BMI), iron levels, and subjective data were collected to assess restoration of nutrition, correction of malabsorption, and lifestyle. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was applied to nonparametric matched or dependent samples, with statistical significance set at P < 0.05. Results At the end of 3 years, there was a significant increase in median weight and BMI, at 108 lbs vs 123.1 lbs ( P-value 0.0156) and a BMI of 18.57 vs 20.59 ( P-value 0.0161). At 3 months, iron levels normalized after surgery and stayed normal at 45 mcg/dL vs 130 mcg/dL ( P-value = 0.046). After 3 years, 75% of patients gained weight and BMI while 83% were able to maintain their BMI to a normal range. Conclusion Our study demonstrates that DD surgery leads to significant increases in weight and BMI, accompanied by improved iron levels. The DD procedure emerges as a promising surgical option in the definitive treatment for SMAS.
Blood low shear rate rheometry: influence of fibrinogen level and hematocrit on slip and migrational effects
Authors: Picart C. , Picart C. , Piau J.M. , Galliard H. , Carpentier P. 
Published: November 2024

Red blood cell (RBC) aggregation is of prime importance in vivo and in vitro for low flow rates. It may be estimated by rheometrical measurements at low shear rates, but these are perturbed by slip and migrational effects which have already been highlighted in the past. These effects lead to a torque decay with time so that the true value of the stress at low shear rates may be greatly underestimated. Elevated aggregation being associated with different diseases, pathological blood samples show more pronounced perturbing effects and a strong time dependency in low shear rate rheometry. To test the dependence of slip and migrational effects on RBC aggregation, and particularly to determine the way in which they depend upon fibrinogen concentration ([Fb]), a home‐made measuring system with roughened internal and external walls (170 $\mu$ m roughness) was used to study low shear rate rheometry for RBC suspensions in PBS buffer containing albumin (at 50 g/l) and fibrinogen at various concentrations. The influences of hematocrit, shear rate, and fibrinogen concentration were investigated. Particular attention was paid to data acquisition at low shear rates ( $10^{-3}$ s $^{-1}$ to $3\times10^{-2}$ s $^{-1}$ ). The combined influence of hematocrit and fibrinogen was investigated by adjusting hematocrit to 44 or 57% and fibrinogen concentration ([Fb]) to 3.0–4.5–6.5 g/l. Microscopic observations of the blood samples at rest were performed. They showed that different structures were formed according to fibrinogen concentration. The rheometrical measurements indicated that torque decay with shearing duration was strongly dependent on fibrinogen concentration and on shear rate at fixed hematocrit. Migrational and slip effects were more pronounced as shear rate decreased, fibrinogen concentration was raised, and hematocrit was lowered. The results have been explained on the basis of the expected microstructure of flowing blood in relation to the microscopic observations at rest.
The influence of humidity on the viscoelastic behaviour of human hair
Authors: Zuidema P. , Govaert L.E. , Baaijens F.P.T. , Ackermans P.A.J. , Asvadi S. 
Published: November 2024

The possibility of curling hair is attributed to the fact that the mechanical properties of hair fibres depend on time, temperature and humidity. In this study the dependence of the viscoelastic behaviour of human hair fibres on humidity is characterised in a bending deformation. An experimental set‐up was used to perform bending relaxation measurements at different humidities. The relaxation data were fitted using a so‐called “stretched exponential equation”. The humidity dependence was incorporated by applying time–humidity superposition. Also, the influence of humidity on the initial E‐modulus was found. The influence of humidity on the behaviour of human hair fibres could be modelled by using a general characterisation of the behaviour of human hair fibres. The general characterisation is used to predict the recovery in a human hair fibre after curling. The predicted recovery appeared to agree reasonably well with experimentally determined values.
Development of a radiomic model for cervical cancer staging based on pathologically verified, retrospective metastatic lymph node data
Authors: Zhang Bin , Liu Liang , Meng Deyue , Kue Chin Siang 
Published: November 2024

Background Cervical cancer is a major cause of morbidity and mortality among gynecological malignancies. Diagnostic imaging of lymph node (LN) metastasis for prognosis and staging is used; however, the accuracy in classifying the stage needs to improve. Purpose To examine the accuracy of AI-based radiomics in diagnosis, prognosis assessment and predicting the diagnostic value of radiomics for pelvic LN metastasis in cervical cancer patients. Material and Methods The study included 118 female patients with 660 LNs and 118 merged LNs. Four imaging histology models—decision tree, random forest, logistic regression, and support vector machine (SVM)—were created in this study. The imaging histology features were extracted from both the independent and merged LN groups. The AUC values for the test sets and the training sets of the four imaging histology models were compared for the independent LN group and the merged LN group. The DeLong test was used to compare the models. Result The imaging histology prediction model developed in the merged LN group outperformed the independent LN group in terms of test set AUC (0.668 vs. 0.535 for decision tree, 0.841 vs. 0.627 for logistic regression, 0.785 vs. 0.637 for random forest, 0.85 vs. 0.648 for SVM) and accuracy (0.754 vs. 0.676 for decision tree, 0.780 vs. 0.671 for random forest, 0.848 vs. 0.685 for logistic regression, 0.822 vs. 0.657 for SVM). Conclusion The constructed SVM imaging histology model for the merged LN group might be advantageous in predicting pelvic LN metastasis in cervical cancer.
Ultrasound-guided thrombin injection for cardiac catheterization pseudoaneurysms: efficacy, safety, and predictors
Authors: Bortolini Edgar , Leite Tulio Fabiano de Oliveira , Linard Bruno Renan Ribeiro Gomes , Affonso Breno Boueri , Nomura Cesar Higa , Motta-Leal-Filho Joaquim Mauricio da 
Published: November 2024

Background Percutaneous ultrasound-guided thrombin injection has become the gold standard treatment for pseudoaneurysms caused by cardiac catheterization. However, failure can occur in up to 25% of the procedures and little is known about its causes. Purpose To study the efficacy and safety of the technique and to determine possible risk factors responsible for the unsuccess. Material and Methods A cohort study was carried out based on data from medical records collected between December 2012 and June 2020 of 110 patients with the diagnosis of pseudoaneurysm, femoral or radial, secondary to cardiac catheterization. Clinical data, pseudoaneurysm morphological parameters, and technical factors related to catheterization were reviewed. Results Primary and global technical success rates were 85.5% and 100%, respectively. Age, neck, and anteroposterior diameter variables were predictors of primary failure on multivariate analysis. The odds ratio (OR) for age was 0.960 (95% confidence interval [CI]=0.927–0.995; P = 0.025), for anteroposterior diameter, OR was 2.023 (95% CI=1.144–3.578; P = 0.015), and for neck diameter, it was 4.625 (95% CI=1.023–20.904; P = 0.047). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was performed for the multivariate analysis model and the three predictors of failure. The area under the curve for the multivariate analysis model was 0.695, for age it was 0.675, for anteroposterior diameter it was 0.679, and for neck diameter it was 0.676. No complications were observed. Conclusions Percutaneous ultrasound-guided thrombin injection is safe and effective for the treatment of pseudoaneurysms after cardiac catheterization. Largest anteroposterior diameter, largest neck diameter, and a younger age were independent predictors of primary failure with the technique.
Zoonotic and Food-Related Hazards Due to Hepatitis A and E in Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Odoom Alex , Boamah Isaac , Sagoe Kwamena WC , Kotey Fleischer CN , Donkor Eric S 
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Foodborne infections are caused by a wide spectrum of microbial pathogens, and they pose a significant global health threat, resulting in millions of cases and thousands of fatalities annually. Among these pathogens, human viruses, including Hepatitis A virus (HAV) and Hepatitis E virus (HEV), play a significant role in foodborne viral outbreaks, especially in Africa. This systematic review determined the prevalence of these viruses in livestock and produce in Africa. Method: A systematic search strategy was implemented following the PRISMA guidelines. Databases such as African Journal Online, Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed were searched from their inception until November 30, 2023. Descriptive statistics and a proportional meta-analysis utilising a random-effects model with a 95% confidence interval were employed in the data analysis. The Cochrane risk-of-bias tool (ROB2) was utilised to evaluate the potential for bias in each study. Results: The search identified 27 articles that met the inclusion criteria, among which seven focused on HAV, comprising a total of 309 samples, whereas 20 studies focused on HEV, comprising a total of 4238 samples. Egypt had the highest number of studies, followed by Cameroon and Nigeria. The meta-analysis revealed an overall prevalence of 33.8% (95% CI: 17.0–50.6) for HAV in ducks and shellfish and 22.0% (95% CI: 12.1–31.8) for HEV in various livestock. Genotype 3 was identified as the predominant genotype, for both HAV and HEV. Conclusion: This review revealed a high prevalence of HAV and HEV in livestock populations in Africa, shedding light on the potential risks associated with zoonotic and/or food-related infections. There is a need for continued surveillance and monitoring of these viruses in both animals and food products to mitigate the risk of foodborne outbreaks and protect human health.
Effects of Diabetes on the Development of Arteriovenous Fistula During the First 6 Weeks
Authors: Vo Anh Tuan , Nguyen Quynh Ngoc Hoa , Le Tai 
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus has historically been considered a risk factor for arteriovenous fistula (AVF) failure, although previous studies have reported conflicting results. We aimed to compare the trajectory of fistula growth, diameter, and blood flow rate, as measured by ultrasound, between patients with and without diabetes during the first 6 weeks after AVF creation. Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted in patients undergoing AVF surgery at our center (April 2022 to April 2023). Vascular ultrasound was performed at 4 stages: preoperatively, and postoperative day 1, week 2, and week 6. Results: Patients with diabetes (n = 33) were significantly older and more likely to have arterial calcification than patients without diabetes (n = 32). Fewer patients with diabetes achieved maturation criteria for forearm AVFs than the non-diabetes group at day 1 (37.0% vs 41.6%) and week 2 (77.7% vs 91.6%), though all fistulas matured at week 6. Fistula vein diameter increased progressively in all patients and was smaller in patients with diabetes at weeks 2 ( P = .0006) and 6 ( P = .002) relative to those without. Week 2 fistula measures were more predictive than day 1 measures of week 6 levels in all patients. Conclusion: Diabetes was associated with a slower growth of fistula vein diameter and blood flow rate. Week 2 ultrasound measures were equally predictive of week 6 levels in people with and without diabetes.
Patients’ perspectives on the challenges associated with receiving non-oral pulmonary arterial hypertension treatment: a mixed methods study
Authors: Aguirre-Camacho Aldo 
Published: November 2024

Background: Impaired quality of life (QoL) among pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) patients has been often attributed to increased symptomatology, functional disability, and poor mental health; however, the unique impact that PAH treatments may exert on the daily lives of patients remains underexplored. Objectives: To gain insight into the day-to-day challenges associated with receiving non-oral PAH treatments, and the specific impact these may exert on patients’ QoL, above and beyond that exerted by PAH itself. Design: Explanatory sequential mixed methods design. Methods: Eighty-three PAH patients provided information on demographic and clinical characteristics, and completed measures of symptomatology, functional disability, QoL, psychological well-being, and perceived stress. Nine of these patients also participated in a focused group discussion and interviews. Results: No group differences in symptomatology and functional disability were observed between patients receiving oral-only and non-oral PAH therapy; however, patients on non-oral therapy reported poorer QoL, after taking into consideration the effect of relevant covariates (i.e., age, level of symptomatology and functional disability, psychological well-being, and perceived stress) that could have confounded the observed group differences in QoL. Participants who started on non-oral medications acknowledged they had experienced significant improvements in health status. However, they also stated that transitioning from oral to non-oral therapy elicited great apprehension and that non-oral therapy regimens interfered with daily activities, resulted in added difficulties for self-management, and negatively impacted their subjective well-being. Conclusion: Non-oral therapy regimens may pose challenges beyond those posed by PAH itself, potentially resulting in an added burden to the QoL of PAH patients.