bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Access to Syn α‐Amino‐β‐Hydroxyesters by N−H Insertion on O‐Protected α‐Diazo‐β‐Hydroxyesters
Authors: Defuentes Thomas , Lhoste Jérôme , Gaulon‐Nourry Catherine , Castanet Anne‐Sophie , Chany Anne‐Caroline 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe N−H insertion reaction is a versatile method for creating C−N bonds under mild conditions, providing in particular an efficient access to both natural and non‐natural α‐amino acid derivatives. In this field, the direct N−H insertion on α‐diazo‐β‐hydroxyesters has not yet been investigated and constitutes a significant challenge, due to competitive migration processes. We report herein the first N−H insertions on O‐protected α‐diazo‐β‐aryl‐β‐hydroxyesters, enabling to synthesize a wide range of α‐amino‐β‐hydroxyesters by tuning the nature of the amine and the aryl substituent. Overall, 28 N−H insertion products have been isolated, with moderate to good yields in most cases, and diastereoisomeric ratios up to 8.0 : 1 in favor of the syn diastereoisomer.
Synthesis, Corrosion Inhibition, In Silico ADME, DFT, and Antibacterial Activity of Pyridine‐Based Schiff Base and Its Cu (II) Complex
Authors: Chaudhary Narendra Kumar , Guragain Biswash , Chaudhary Nabina , Adhikari Janak , Chatterjee Abhik , Bhattarai Ajaya 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTHerein, we report the synthesis of an (E)‐N‐(pyridine‐3‐ylmethylene)pyridine‐2‐amine Schiff base (ENppa) and its Cu (II) complex (Cu‐ENppa) using 2‐aminopyridine (2APy) and pyridine‐3‐carbaldehyde (P3C). This study aimed to investigate the ADMET profiles, electronic features, antibacterial and anticorrosion activities of the synthesized ligand, and its Cu (II) complex. The compounds were characterized using various techniques, including CHN analysis, FT‐IR, 1H and 13C NMR, MALDI‐TOF MS, ICP‐MS, SEM, TGA/DTA, UV–visible spectroscopy, and powder X‐ray diffraction (PXRD). The Cu (II) ion exhibited tetrahedral geometry in the complex by coordinating with two nitrogen atoms, one from an imine group and the other from a pyridine ring. UV–visible spectroscopy and magnetic moment data also supported this geometry. TGA/DTA revealed three stages of decomposition at 141°C°C–255°C, 255°C°C–367°C, and 549°C°C–659°C, with CuO as the final residue. PXRD analysis identified ENppa and Cu‐ENppa as nanocrystallites, with crystallinities of 82% and 49%, respectively. Both compounds were highly effective in inhibiting mild steel corrosion in acidic media, with inhibition efficiencies of 97% and 98%, respective for Cu‐ENppa and ENppa. They also exhibited favorable ADME profiles, indicating potential as drug candidates for in silico ADME studies. The antibacterial activity results demonstrated promising efficacy, with Cu‐ENppa showing higher activity than ENppa.
INTEGRAL Observations of Magnetars
Authors: Pacholski Dominik Patryk , Ducci Lorenzo , Topinka Martin , Mereghetti Sandro 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe INTEGRAL satellite has collected a large amount of data on magnetars in our Galaxy, spanning more than 20 years starting from 2003. The large data set obtained with the IBIS/ISGRI instrument at energies above 20 keV allows us to study both the properties and long‐term evolution of their persistent hard X‐ray emission and the population characteristics of the short bursts emitted during active periods. We are carrying out a comprehensive analysis of the observed magnetars, exploiting the most recent calibrations and analysis software. Here we report on the long term evolution of the hard X‐ray flux of the magnetars detected with ISGRI and the results of a sensitive search for short bursts in SGR J1935+2154.
Phenolic Components and Biological Activity of Pomegranate
Authors: Zhou Zhiping , Ma Chaoyan , Hao Pengchao , Peng Liyan , Zhang Sophia Yi , Zhao Qinshi 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPomegranate (Punica granatum L.) have been subject of extensive studies for its abundance of phytochemicals and numerous biological and medicinal properties. It is a fruit‐bearing tree, which is widely consumed as a nutraceutical source as well as functional food for putative health benefits. The phenolic components are the characteristic bioactive constitutes of pomegranate, including hydrolysable tannins, flavonoids, and phenolic acids. The whole plant of this tree has many medicinal folkloric uses and good therapeutic effect, such as anticancer, antioxidant, antibacterial, antiviral, hypoglycemic, lipid‐lowering, cardioprotection and digestive system protection. Through comprehensive search of available literature, this narrative review can provide an up‐to‐date overview of the current knowledge of characteristic bioactive constituents's structure and potential health benefits of Pomegranate, which can be used as reference for the future clinical and basic research, and also helpful for the development of pomegranate into functional food and nutraceuticals.
SSX2IP promotes cell proliferation and migration in breast cancer by regulating FANCI
Authors: Liu Xianfu , Zhang Xiaojing , Chen Yansong , Tang Jingwei , Zhang Hao , Jin Gongsheng 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSynovial sarcoma X breakpoint 2 interacting protein (SSX2IP) is expressed in various normal tissues and participates in the progression of human cancers. Nevertheless, the specific functions and underlying molecular mechanisms of SSX2IP in cancer, particularly in breast cancer, remain poorly understood. In this study, we aimed to explore the functional role of SSX2IP in breast cancer. Immunohistochemical staining, quantitative real‐time PCR, and western blotting blot analysis were used to assess genes expression levels. By manipulating SSX2IP expression levels and conducting functional assays including Celigo cell counting assay or CCKCCK‐8‐8 assay, flow cytometry, wound healing assay, and Transwell assay, we explored the impact of SSX2IP on the malignant phenotype of breast cancer cells. Additionally, the in vivo tumor‐suppressive ability of SSX2IP was investigated by tumor xenograft experiment. Our results revealed an upregulation of SSX2IP in the breast cancer. Functional assays demonstrated that SSX2IP knockdown inhibited cell proliferation and migration, induced apoptosis in vitro, as well as suppressed the tumor growth in vivo. Conversely, SSX2IP overexpression contributed to the malignant phenotype of breast cancer cells. Co‐expression analysis showed that FA Complementation Group I (FANCI) was co‐expressed with SSX2IP. Additionally, SSX2IP positively regulated FANCI expression and its interaction was verified by Co‐IP.Co‐IP. Furthermore, FANCI overexpression partially reversed the effects of SSX2IP knockdown on cell proliferation and metastasis. In summary, our findings revealed that SSX2IP contributes to the progression of breast cancer by regulating FANCI, hinting at its potential as a novel biomarker and therapeutic target for the treatment of breast cancer.
Modeling and Control of Dual Active Bridge‐Modular Multilevel Converter‐Based Solid State Transformer for Grid Integration of SPV and Battery Energy Storage
Authors: Sharma Ankita , Chilipi Rajasekharareddy , Praveen Kumar Kunisetti V. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThis article deals with the modeling and control of a solid‐state transformer (SST) based on a dual active bridge (DAB) and modular multilevel converter (MMC) for integrating solar photovoltaic (SPV) and battery energy storage (BES) systems into the grid. SST uses DABs for bidirectional DC‐DC conversion and an MMC for DC‐AC conversion. A hybrid control method is developed in this study, which combines proportional‐integral (PI) controllers and model predictive control (MPC) to achieve the multiple objectives of the SST. The DABs' control system uses PI controllers for power extraction from the SPV system and to regulate the charging and discharging of the BES according to power generation and demand fluctuations. MPC is applied to control the active power injection, regulate the DC‐link and sub‐module capacitor voltages of the MMC. Moreover, the developed hybrid control method ensures reliable SST performance even under adverse conditions like grid voltage distortion, unbalance, and frequency variations. An energy management strategy is developed based on total power generation, reference active power injection, and the state of charge of the BES. This strategy ensures accurate reference power injection to the grid despite dynamic changes in operating conditions. The article also presents a detailed mathematical model of the DAB and MMC components, and the stability of the control algorithm is analyzed theoretically. The effectiveness of the SST and the proposed hybrid control scheme is demonstrated through MATLAB/Simulink simulations and hardware‐in‐the‐loop experimental results under various operating conditions.
Ethical Issues Faced by Data Monitoring Committees: Results from an Exploratory Qualitative Study
Authors: Shah Seema K. , Ibrahim Akram , Hinga Alex , Vintimilla Diego , Jones Mickayla , Rid Annette , Eckstein Lisa , Kamuya Dorcas 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTTo protect research participants and ensure scientific integrity in clinical trials, independent data monitoring committees (DMCs, also known as data and safety monitoring boards) increasingly oversee randomized clinical trials and recommend modifying or stopping research. Little is known about the ethical issues DMCs face. We conducted semistructured interviews of DMC members using a qualitative description approach with low‐inference interpretation. We recruited respondents through consultation with experts, an online registry of DMC members, and snowball sampling. We interviewed 22 DMC members who were statisticians, clinicians, and/or ethicists that had overseen a wide variety of trials globally. We identified three themes: finding common ground on responsibilities with variation; the need for judgment but not necessarily ethics expertise; and the resulting emotional distress from navigating ethical challenges. In the first case, DMC members identified 19 distinct duties, with some ethical responsibilities rarely mentioned. In the second case, not all DMC members saw the need for ethicists on DMCs or ethics training. In the third case, ethical challenges sometimes led to strong negative emotions. Developing tailored ethics training and decision‐making procedures may help DMCs respond more effectively to ethical challenges.
The European Health Data Space as a Case Study
Authors: Dove Edward S. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTIn May 2022, the European Commission proposed the launch of a health‐specific data sharing framework called the European Health Data Space (EHDS), underpinned by legislation, for the use of electronic health data by patients and for research, innovation, policy‐making, patient safety, statistics, or regulatory purposes. In this essay, I review some of its more contentious features based on the latest version of the legislative proposal. I suggest that the EHDS is a useful case study to illustrate the need for a translational bioethics approach that shines a critical analytical light on contentious aspects of large‐scale research infrastructures.
CardiLect: A combined cross‐species lectin histochemistry protocol for the automated analysis of cardiac remodelling
Authors: Gergely Tamás G. , Kovács Tamás , Kovács Andrea , Tóth Viktória E. , Sayour Nabil V. , Mórotz Gábor M. , Kovácsházi Csenger , Brenner Gábor B. , Onódi Zsófia , Enyedi Balázs , Máthé Domokos , Leszek Przemyslaw , Giricz Zoltán , Ferdinandy Péter , Varga Zoltán V. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundCardiac remodelling, a crucial aspect of heart failure, is commonly investigated in preclinical models by quantifying cardiomyocyte cross‐sectional area (CSA) and microvascular density (MVD) via histological methods, such as immunohistochemistry. To achieve this, optimized protocols are needed, and the species specificity is dependent on the antibody used. Lectin histochemistry offers several advantages compared to antibody‐based immunohistochemistry, including as cost‐effectiveness and cross‐species applicability. Direct comparisons between the two methods are lacking from the literature.Methods and resultsIn this study, we compared antibody‐ and lectin‐based methods for the histological assessment of cardiomyocyte CSA (with the use of anti‐laminin and wheat germ agglutinin [WGA]) and microvascular density (utilizing anti‐CD31 and isolectin B4 [ILB4]) using different embedding and antigen/carbohydrate retrieval techniques. Here, we describe a detailed, easy‐to‐use combined lectin histochemistry protocol (WGA and ILB4, ‘CardiLect’ protocol) for the histological assessment of cardiac remodelling. The lectin‐based approach has been evaluated on a cross‐species basis, and its efficacy has been demonstrated in zebrafish, rodents, large animals and human samples. We provide an ImageJ script (‘CardiLect Analyser’) for automated image analysis, validated in a preclinical heart failure model by correlating histological parameters with echocardiographic findings. CSA showed a significant positive correlation with left ventricular (LV) mass (P = 0.0098, rS = 0.7545) and significant negative correlation with markers of systolic function, such as ejection fraction (EF) (P = 0.0402, rS = −0.6364). Microvascular density showed significant negative correlation with LV mass (P = 0.0055, rS = −0.7622) and significant positive correlation with EF (P = 0.0106, rS = 0.7203).ConclusionsThe described combined lectin histochemistry protocol with the provided ImageJ script is an easy‐to‐use, cost‐effective, cross‐species approach for the histological assessment of cardiac remodelling.
Case study of a world hour record simulation in an elite cyclist: Insight into task failure
Authors: Kordi Mehdi , Bigham Dan , Tipper Jacob , Ferguson Richard A. , Howatson Glyn , Wale Jonathan 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe ‘cycling hour‐record’ is one of the most prestigious events in cycling. However, little detailed analysis of such attempts is available. In preparation for a successful cycling hour‐record attempt, an elite cyclist performed a full‐hour simulation to provide insights into performance, physiological, aerodynamic and biomechanical limitations that could be identified in the preparation for a subsequent official attempt. Performance (speed, lap time, power and cadence), physiological (heart rate and estimated body temperature), aerodynamic (CDA, helmet angle, rotation and rock) and biomechanical (helmet, thigh and foot position changes) measurements were made throughout the attempt, in which an even‐pacing strategy was employed where the point of task failure was defined as the lap which the rider could no longer perform at the targeted lap split (16.6 s) or quicker. The cyclist did not achieve the target distance (54,000 m) during the simulation. The final distance achieved for the hour was 53,250 m. Task failure occurred at 38 min and 33 s (lap 139/34,750 m) into the simulation. Notably, there was a decrease in power output, accompanied with an increase in the estimated body temperature, changes in pedalling kinematics and an increase in aerodynamic drag. The reduction in performance (leading to task failure) during a cycling hour record simulation is underpinned by a decrease in power output as well as an increase in aerodynamic drag due to biomechanical changes in the cycling technique.
Psychological and social factors associated with mental health of European dual career athletes: A systematic review
Authors: Aalto Esa P. , Pons Joan , Alcaraz Saul , Zamora‐Solé Rocío , Ramis Yago 
Published: November 2024

AbstractDual careers (DCs) are challenging trajectories followed by athletes willing to develop their academic/professional career with their athletic careers. These trajectories usually entail additional stressors, which can decrease athletes' mental health or even increase their risk of mental ill‐health. While existing research has recognized the importance of psychological and social factors in both of these areas separately, we lack systematic knowledge on which factors are associated with European DC athlete mental health outcomes, making evidence‐based practice more challenging. In this regard, to advance the European DC tradition and to provide a strong base for researchers and practitioners working within this field, this systematic review aims to appraise this evidence identifying and categorizing the psychological and social factors associated with the European DC athletes' mental health. We conducted this review according to Preferred Reporting for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analysis guidelines and performed the systematic search in six databases, finding 56 eligible articles. Our analysis identified 35 different psychological and social factors, most showing significant associations with athletes' mental health. Notably, affect, stress, motivational climate, mindfulness, resilience, perfectionism, goal orientation, motivation, and basic psychological need satisfaction showed the strongest evidence associated with mental health. Overall, this review provides a comprehensive synthesis of psychological and social factors, advancing the holistic ecological approach in dual careers and athlete mental health. Yet, our results highlight the need to strengthen the evidence regarding these factors and provide specific research avenues, such as focus on DC‐specific factors and consideration of DC athlete definition and career trajectories.
Evaluation of the Potential Targets of Shenxian–Shengmai Oral Liquid in Treating Sick Sinus Syndrome Based on Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking
Authors: Hou Ping , Zhang Heng , Min Dong‐Yu , Wu Jie , Chen Chen , Wang Jie , Lu Yong‐Ping , Yao Ying‐Jia , Li Ling‐Kang , Liu Yue 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTShenxian–Shengmai (SXSM) is a Chinese patent medicine used in the treatment of sick sinus syndrome (SSS). However, its active chemical compounds and the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we researched the underlying mechanisms of SXSM in treating SSS. We conducted network analysis and molecular docking to identify the small molecules and core targets responsible for the therapeutic efficacy of SXSM on SSS. In vitro experiments were performed to verify the potential therapeutic mechanism. Network pharmacological analysis identified 17 core targets. Among these, BMP4, KCNH2, KCNMA1, and KCNQ1 were identified to be involved in various biological processes, such as the formation and regulation of the cardiac pacemaking system and potassium ion transmembrane transport. The experimental analysis revealed that SXSM could upregulate the expression of the Bmp4/Tbx3/Hcn4 pathway and the expression of Kcnh2, Kcnma1, and Kcnq1 channels, which protected and improved the pacemaking function of pacemaker cells (P cells) and increased the heart rate. These findings provide a scientific basis in the study of the mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of SSS.
Initial Proof‐of‐Concept Study on Immediate Effects of External Advanced Pneumatic Compression on Pharyngeal and Laryngeal Internal Lymphedema Using a Fluoroscopic Measurement Tool
Authors: Gregor Jessica W. , Chang Brent , Keole Nandita , McGary Alyssa , Patel Samir 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundExternal and internal head and neck cancer related lymphedema (HNCRL) is a common consequence of radiation treatment (RT). Currently, internal HNCRL can be clinically assessed endoscopically using a visuoperceptual, ordinal rating scale. Use of fluoroscopy to identify and measure internal HNCRL has been explored but is not widely used in clinical practice. Advanced Pneumatic Compression (APC) has shown external HNCRL reduction after a single treatment, whereas internal HNCRL reduction has not yet been assessed.MethodsFluoroscopic lateral scouts and TIMS Review software (TIMS Medical) were used to assess immediate internal HNCRL measures of 30 HNC patients with RT history following a single APC treatment. Pre and post external measures were also obtained. Paired t‐test was used to assess changes in pre and post measures. A post‐treatment survey was completed.ResultsAll 30 patients had both immediate external and internal HNCRL reductions, and all reductions were statistically significant. All reported positive benefit.ConclusionsA single, external APC treatment immediately impacted the extent of pharyngeal and laryngeal edema in post‐radiated HNC survivors. Fluoroscopy can be a clinically useful and complementary modality to detect, surveil, and measure internal HNCRL.
A case study on development of a spiral oral health curriculum for medical students
Authors: Jones McKenzie L. , Silk Hugh , Savageau Judith A. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractInadequate oral healthcare remains a critical public health issue in children and adults in the US affecting adverse social, psychological, economic, and health outcomes. Medical clinicians have a clear role in addressing oral health issues and improving outcomes. Oral health guidelines for health profession schools were developed by the Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC) oral health core competencies, and the newer Center for Integration of Primary Care and Oral Health's (CIPCOH) Entrustable Professional Activities (EPAs). However, the majority of health professional school deans and residency directors in the US report they are not satisfied with the oral health knowledge and skills of their learners at graduation. To address this issue, faculty at the University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School (UMCMS) have worked for the past decade to develop and implement a true spiral curriculum building on lessons of knowledge, skills, and attitudes throughout the 4‐year student experience. The current UMCMS curriculum involves most courses at the medical school, has community‐based and interprofessional components, and is taught using multimedia. Most of the curriculum is mandatory with selective opportunities for those in specialty tracks or who are seeking more hands‐on training. Our study evaluated the UMCMS curriculum using the AAMC and CIPCOH EPA guidelines. Findings show that all students receive training in 42 of 48 AAMC oral health competencies and seven of seven CIPCOH oral health EPAs with the opportunity to explore oral health further through elective courses. Assessments of students show they perform well and evaluation of the oral health curricula by students are positive. Although our oral health curriculum is robust, the next steps include expanding the evaluation of students to ensure they universally meet competencies. We expect that this case study can serve as a map for creating a generalizable, spiral curriculum for other medical schools.