bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A comparative study of strength and surface properties of permanent 3D‐printed resins with CAD‐CAM milled fixed dental prostheses
Authors: Gad Mohammed M. , Al Mahfoudh Hoor A. , Al Mahfuth Fatimah A. , Hashim Kouthar A. , Khan Soban Q. , Al‐Qarni Faisal D. , Baba Nadim Z. , Al‐Harbi Fahad A. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPurposeTo compare the strength, surface roughness, and hardness of newly introduced permanent three‐dimensional (3D)‐printed resin in comparison with computer‐aided design and computer‐aided manufacturing (CAD‐CAM) milled materials.Materials and MethodsThree 3D‐printed resins (NextDent C&B, Formlabs Permanent Crown, and VarseoSmile Crown plus) and two CAD‐CAM milled (IPS e.max ZirCAD LT and VITA Enamic) resins were used to fabricate discs specimens. A total of 200 disc specimens were fabricated according to manufacturer recommendations. Within each group, half of the specimens were subjected to thermal cycling (5°C–55°C, the 30 s, 5000 cycles). Aged and nonaged specimens were evaluated for biaxial flexural strength (BFS), surface roughness, and hardness. Results were statistically analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and t‐tests (α = 0.05).ResultsSignificant differences (p < 0.05) were observed in the BFS, surface roughness, and hardness between the 3D‐printed and milled groups, before and after thermal aging. Overall, the CAD‐CAM milled ceramic group had superior strength, surface roughness, and hardness when compared to all other groups (p < 0.001), except for surface roughness after thermal aging, which was similar in all groups (p = 0.063). Within each group, there was no significant difference (p > 0.05) in surface roughness after thermal aging. BFS values of 3D‐printed materials were statistically similar. In terms of surface roughness, Formlabs specimens displayed the highest value before and after thermal cycling, when compared to other 3D‐printed materials. Regarding hardness, the VarseoSmile Crown plus group demonstrated the highest values compared to other 3D‐printed materials, before and after thermal cycling.ConclusionPermanent 3D‐printed resins have lower strength than CAD‐CAM milled materials. 3D‐printed permanent resin materials exhibited high roughness and comparable hardness to CAD‐CAM materials. Thermal aging negatively affected the properties of 3D‐printed permanent crowns. Owing to the low strength of 3D‐printed permanent resins, they may not be recommended for clinical practice until further improvements in flexural strength are made to meet clinical standards.
Nanoparticles Impact on the Morphogenetics of Cicer arietinum L.
Authors: Babanli Safiyakhanim , Ahmadov Ismat , Mammadova Sevinj , Khalilov Rovshan , Ojaghi Javid , Elshikh Mohamed S. , Ali M. Ajmal , Ptaszyńska Aneta A. , Zafar Muhammad , Makhkamov Trobjon , Islom Zulunov 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTDrought stress is one of the major abiotic stresses, which seriously affects crop growth and yield. Therefore, the main attention of plant geneticists, physiologists and agronomists is always focused on obtaining drought‐resistant varieties. The application of modern technologies, including nanotechnology, in this area, can be an achievement. In the presented work, the effect of some metal‐based nanoparticles on the biomorphological parameters of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) plants grown in the field under normal irrigation and artificial drought conditions was studied. Outcomes of our experiments indicated that drought causes a remarkable reduction in plant height, leaf area, number of branches, number of pods, pod length and width, the number and mass of grains taken from five chickpea plants, the mass of 100 grains (g), the mass of bundle (g), yield index and the protein and fat contents. Biomorphological parameters were observed to be both decreased and stimulated depending on the type of nanoparticles under irrigated conditions in plants obtained from nanoparticle‐coated chickpea seeds. In drought conditions, nanoparticles slightly improved the biomorphological characteristics of plants. Different nanoparticles had different effects on the biochemical indices of grains. Nanoparticle application increased the leaf area, plant height, the number of pods, the length and width of the pods, the mass of seeds of five plants at full maturity stage, the dry mass of 100 seeds, the number of productive nodes, the mass of bundle and the fat content of grain in the drought condition.
Seroprevalence of Hepatitis C in Ethiopia: First National Study Based on the 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey
Authors: Kassa Getahun Molla , Weldemariam Atsbeha Gebreegziabxier , Abrahim Saro Abdella , French Clare E. , Wolday Dawit , Dagne Emebet , Mulu Andargachew , Adane Aynishet , Inglis Sarah K. , Radley Andrew , Tasew Geremew , Vickerman Peter , Yesuf Elias Ali , Paltiel Ora , Hailu Mesay , Amogne Wondwossen , Dillon John F. , Hickman Matthew , Lim Aaron G. , Walker Josephine G. ,   the DESTINE NIHR Global Health Research Group
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTHepatitis C virus (HCV) is hypothesised to be a public health problem in Ethiopia, and systematic review evidence suggested 1%–3% seroprevalence. We aimed to estimate the seroprevalence of HCV overall and across regions of Ethiopia. We estimated HCV seroprevalence using the 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS‐2016). EDHS‐2016 is a nationwide household survey conducted using two‐stage cluster sampling methods. We tested all 26,753 samples from participating adult women (15–49 years) and men (15–59 years) using HCV Enzyme Immunoassay. Descriptive analyses were performed based on the Guide to Demographic Health Survey statistics. We applied sample weighting to derive representative estimates. Of the total tested, more than half (54.40%) were aged 15–29 years and 51.59% were women. Overall HCV seroprevalence was 0.18% (95% Confidence Interval: 0.10–0.32). Higher seroprevalences were found in Afar (0.92%) and South Nations Nationality Peoples Region (0.43%); people living with HIV (PLWH) (0.62%); the poorest wealth index (0.35%); people having multiple lifetime sexual partners (0.31%); and widowed/divorced individuals (0.30%). In stratified analyses by sex and residency, we found higher seroprevalences in non‐Christian and non‐Muslim males (1.98%) and rural population (1.00%), male PLWH (1.67%), rural PLWH (1.45%), widowed/divorced males (0.97%), and in all groups from the Afar region: males (1.30%), females (0.61%), urban (1.07%), and rural (0.86%). HCV seroprevalence among the general population in Ethiopia is much lower than from previous estimates. General population screening is unlikely to be cost‐effective, and so screening programs targeted to people at greater risk of HCV will be required.
Plant PI4P is required for bacteria to translocate type‐3 effectors
Authors: Peng Jinfeng , Zhang Liyuan , Lu Kai , Chen Xiaochen , Pang Hao , Yao Xiaohui , Li Ping , Cao Peng , Li Xiaoxu , Wang Zuodong , Qin Lina , Zhou Miao , Wang Maoling , Li Qizhen , Qiu Chunyu , Sun Mingxin , Li Yufen , Gong Liping , Wei Xinlin , Wang Siyi , Chen Jiajia , Lu Chongchong , Zou Shenshen , Ding Xinhua , Chen Lei , Zhang Meixiang , Dong Hansong 
Published: November 2024

Summary
Type‐3 effectors (T3E) of phytopathogenic Gram‐negative bacteria fulfill a virulent role, causing disease, or an avirulent role, inducing immunity, following their translocation into plant cells. This study aimed to validate the hypothesis that bacterial T3E translocation requires lipidic compounds in plant cell membranes.
Based on genetic, molecular, and biochemical assays, we determined that phosphatidylinositol 4‐phosphate (PI4P) associated with plant cell membranes is essential for the translocation of T3E by bacterial pathogens.
Replicate experimental data revealed that PI4P cooperates with the type‐3 translocase HrpF to facilitate the translocation of effectors TAL and Xop from Xanthomonas oryzae and Hop from Pseudomonas syringae into the cells of Oryza sativa and Nicotiana benthamiana, respectively. Genetic and molecular analyses confirmed that, once translocated into plant cells, the distinct effectors induce disease or immunity. Combined genetic and pharmacological analyses revealed that when PI4P content is suppressed via genetic or pharmacological measures, the T3 effector translocation is considerably suppressed, resulting in serious inhibition of bacterial infection.
Overall, these findings demonstrate that cooperative functioning of HrpF–PI4P is conserved in bacterial effectors and plants.
Dental and Craniofacial Anomalies in Fanconi Anemia: A Systematic Review and Additional 46 Reports
Authors: Rocha Paula Alves da Silva , Santana Nayara Conceição Marcos , de Arruda José Alcides Almeida , Amaral Tania Mara Pimenta , Drumond Victor Zanetti , Torres‐Pereira Cassius Carvalho , Acevedo Ana Carolina , Berdal Ariane , Abreu Lucas Guimarães , Silva Tarcília Aparecida , Fournier Benjamin P. J. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveFanconi anemia (FA), a rare genetic disorder, has not been comprehensively studied regarding its dental and craniofacial phenotypes. This study aimed to systematically review the available evidence on dental, occlusion, and craniofacial anomalies in individuals with FA and to describe the occurrence of these anomalies in a cohort from two Brazilian referral centers.Materials and MethodsElectronic searches were conducted across six databases, supplemented by manual searches and gray literature. The Brazilian cohort included 46 patients diagnosed with FA.ResultsA total of 19 articles describing 158 cases of FA were analyzed. The estimated prevalence of dental/craniofacial anomalies ranged from 13.3% to 71.4%. In our cohort, 93.5% of patients exhibited anomalies, primarily root abnormalities (69.6%), tooth rotation (54.3%), and tooth agenesis (26%). Males (p = 0.031) and individuals with endocrine disorders (p = 0.047) were more likely to experience alterations in eruption and/or exfoliation. Anomalies in size and shape were significantly more prevalent among individuals who had undergone hematopoietic stem‐cell transplantation at age 14 or older (p = 0.002).ConclusionThe high occurrence of dental/craniofacial anomalies in individuals with FA suggests that these anomalies are part of the disease's phenotypic spectrum, emphasizing the need to expand and standardize the diagnostic criteria of the disease.
Validation of the simplified PIBD‐classes criteria: A single‐center retrospective study
Authors: Miura Yoshikazu , Hagiwara Shin‐ichiro , Hizuka Keinosuke , Saura Ryutaro , Hata Ayaha , Maeyama Takatoshi , Etani Yuri 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundPediatric inflammatory bowel disease (PIBD) subtypes are classified according to the PIBD‐classes criteria, comprising 23 items. These criteria were later simplified to 19 diagnostic items. Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are classified as ulcerative colitis (UC), atypical UC, IBD‐unclassified (IBD‐U), Crohn's disease (CD), or isolated colonic CD. This study aimed to validate the simplified PIBD‐classes criteria in an Asian population and evaluate IBD‐U characteristics.MethodsPatients diagnosed with PIBD between 2007 and 2022 were retrospectively enrolled. Data regarding PIBD phenotypes, age at diagnosis, endoscopic and pathological findings, and biologics and/or steroid use were collected from medical records. Physician‐assigned diagnoses were compared with simplified PIBD‐classes criteria‐based diagnoses. Differences in the clinical features of patients with IBD‐U and other IBDs classified using the simplified PIBD‐class criteria were also evaluated.ResultsEighty‐six patients were included, of whom 54 (63%) had UC, 21 (24%) had CD, and 11 (13%) had IBD‐U. Using the simplified PIBD‐classes criteria, 48 (56%) patients were diagnosed with UC, 3 (3%) with atypical UC, 22 (26%) with CD, 1 (1%) with isolated colonic CD, and 12 (14%) with IBD‐U. The diagnoses were changed in 10 cases based on the simplified PIBD‐classes criteria. There were no significant differences in age at diagnosis or rates of steroid and biologic use between IBD subtypes.ConclusionsSimplified PIBD‐classes criteria‐based diagnoses matched physician‐assigned diagnoses in almost all cases. This study suggests that the simplified PIBD‐classes criteria are useful at reducing diagnostic variability in multicenter and international PIBD studies.
Cognitive frailty as a predictor of hospitalisation among older adults: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Cheng Min , Liu Qin , Li Miao , He Mei 
Published: November 2024

AbstractTo examine whether cognitive frailty serves as a predictor of hospitalisation in older adults. PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Scopus and Cochrane Library databases were systematically searched from inception to February 6, 2024. The reviewers independently selected studies, extracted data and evaluated the quality of studies. Stata 15.1 Software was used to perform the meta‐analysis. A total of 13 articles were included in this study, including 34 230 participants. The results suggested that cognitive frailty was associated with hospitalisation in older adults (odds ratio (OR) = 1.79, 95% CI: 1.33–2.42, P < 0.001). The risk of hospitalisation for patients with cognitive frailty was 1.76 times higher than that for patients without cognitive frailty (relative risk = 1.76, 95% CI: 1.48–2.08, P < 0.001). According to different models of cognitive frailty, the results of subgroup analysis showed that the frail + cognitive impairment group had the highest risk of hospitalisation (OR = 2.22, 95% CI: 1.51–3.26, P < 0.001). Subgroup analysis based on study design showed that the incidence of hospitalisation was lowest in the cohort study group (OR = 1.51, 95% CI: 1.14–2.00, P = 0.004). This study suggested that cognitive frailty was an important predictor of hospitalisation in older adults. Future studies are needed to investigate the impact of cognitive frailty on hospitalisation in older adults, as this may help reduce hospitalisation rates and improve patients' quality of life.
Analyzing Key Factors Influencing Human Mobility Before and During COVID‐19 With Explainable Machine Learning
Authors: Wang Pingping , Yuan Yihong 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe COVID‐19 pandemic highlighted and worsened social inequalities in the United States. This study uses mobile phone location data at the Census Block Group level and explainable machine learning methods to examine the relationships between various factors and human mobility in ten Metropolitan Statistical Areas to uncover how different factors influenced mobility disparities. Our key findings show significant reductions in all mobility indices during the summer of 2020 compared to 2019, mainly due to stay‐at‐home orders, business closures, and health concerns. Median household income was a consistent positive driver of mobility, while the minority rate negatively impacted movement, exacerbating existing inequalities. Remote work significantly affected full‐time and part‐time job mobility. These findings highlight the need for fair and resilient mobility policies that consider decentralized commuting, flexible work models, and sustainable transportation. These insights can help policymakers and urban planners address inequalities, support economic recovery, and build inclusive urban environments.
A multi‐omics approach reveals a link between ribosomal protein alterations and proteome rebalancing in Arabidopsis thaliana seeds
Authors: Bagaza Clement , Ansaf Huda , Yobi Abou , Chan Yen On , Slaten Marianne L. , Czymmek Kirk , Joshi Trupti , Mittler Ron , Mawhinney Thomas P. , Cohen Dan H. , Yasuor Hagai , Angelovici Ruthie 
Published: November 2024

SUMMARYThe ability of seeds to restore their amino acid content and composition after the elimination of the most abundant seed storage proteins (SSPs) is well‐documented, yet the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. To better understand how seeds compensate for major proteomic disruptions, we conducted a comprehensive analysis on an Arabidopsis mutant lacking the three most abundant SSPs, the cruciferins. Our initial findings indicated that carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur levels, as well as total protein and oil content, remained unchanged in these mutants suggesting rebalanced seeds. Transcriptomics and proteomics performed during seed maturation of Col‐0 and the triple mutant revealed significant modulation in many components of the translational machinery, especially ribosomal proteins (RPs), and in the antioxidation response in the mutant. These findings suggest that RPs play a critical role in facilitating proteomic homeostasis during seed maturation when proteomic perturbation occurs. Biochemical and metabolic analyses of the triple mutant dry seeds revealed increased protein carbonylation and elevated glutathione levels further supporting the link between SSP accumulation and seed redox homeostasis. Overall, we propose that in response to significant proteomic perturbations, changes in the proteome and amino acid composition of seeds are accompanied by a broad remodeling of the translation apparatus. We postulate that these alterations are key elements in seed adaptability and robustness to large proteomic perturbations during seed maturation.
Downy mildew effector HaRxL106 interacts with the transcription factor BIM1 altering plant growth, BR signaling and susceptibility to pathogens
Authors: Bogino Maria Florencia , Lapegna Senz Juan Marcos , Kourdova Lucille Tihomirova , Tamagnone Nicolás , Romanowski Andres , Wirthmueller Lennart , Fabro Georgina 
Published: November 2024

SUMMARYHyaloperonospora arabidopsidis (Hpa) is an oomycete pathogen that causes downy mildew disease on Arabidopsis. This obligate biotroph manipulates the homeostasis of its host plant by secreting numerous effector proteins, among which are the RxLR effectors. Identifying the host targets of effectors and understanding how their manipulation facilitates colonization of plants are key to improve plant resistance to pathogens. Here we characterize the interaction between the RxLR effector HaRxL106 and BIM1, an Arabidopsis transcription factor (TF) involved in Brassinosteroid (BR) signaling. We report that HaRxL106 interacts with BIM1 in vitro and in planta. BIM1 is required by the effector to increase the host plant susceptibility to (hemi)biotrophic pathogens, and thus can be regarded as a susceptibility factor. Mechanistically, HaRxL106 requires BIM1 to induce the transcriptional activation of BR‐responsive genes and cause alterations in plant growth patterns that phenocopy the shade avoidance syndrome. Our results support previous observations of antagonistic interactions between activation of BR signaling and suppression of plant immune responses and reveal that BIM1, a new player in this crosstalk, is manipulated by the pathogenic effector HaRxL106.
Evaluation of the Trauma‐Associated Severe Hemorrhage score as a predictor of transfusion in traumatized dogs
Authors: Delgado Atalie , Prittie Jennifer , Mastrocco Alicia , Weltman Joel 
Published: November 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo retrospectively study the use of the human‐based Trauma‐Associated Severe Hemorrhage (TASH) score to predict transfusion needs and outcome in a population of traumatized dogs.Measurements and Main ResultsThe TASH score (comprising sex, hemoglobin concentration, systolic blood pressure, abdominal effusion, heart rate, base excess [BE], and presence of pelvic/femoral fractures) was applied to 24 dogs presenting to a private veterinary hospital following trauma: 12 dogs that required transfusion of blood products and 12 age‐ and weight‐matched controls that did not. Dogs that required transfusions demonstrated a significantly higher TASH score compared with dogs that did not (10.2 ± 2.0 vs 5.2 ± 1.1, respectively; P = 0.03). Univariate analyses of individual TASH score components demonstrated significant differences between animals that received a transfusion and those that did not in BE (median: −8.6 [range: −14.4 to 1.4] vs −4.5 [range: −15.4 to −0.4], respectively; P = 0.04) and positive abdominal fluid score (4/12 vs 0/12, respectively; P = 0.03). The Animal Trauma Triage scores (ATTSs) for dogs included in the study were also obtained from the Veterinary Committee on Trauma registry. The mean ATTS was significantly higher in dogs that received blood transfusions than those that did not (5.2 ± 0.78 vs 2.0 ± 0.5, respectively; P = 0.003).ConclusionsThe TASH score may be useful to predict transfusion needs in a larger population of traumatized canine patients.
Agreement of point‐of‐care and laboratory lactate levels among trauma patients and association with transfusion
Authors: Mitra Biswadev , Essery Madison , Somesh Abha , Talarico Carly , Olaussen Alexander , Anderson David , Meadley Benjamin 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesIn the setting of trauma and suspected critical bleeding, indications to commence blood transfusions remain unclear, with high rates of potentially avoidable transfusions. Prehospital blood lactate measurements could help predict the need for blood transfusions. The aim of this study was to compare measurements detected by a point‐of‐care (POC) lactate device with laboratory measured lactate levels.Materials and MethodsThis was a cross‐sectional study conducted in the emergency department. Eligible patients were those with suspected major trauma and critical bleeding. Venous or arterial blood samples were collected. POC measurements of lactate levels were conducted using a StatStrip Xpress® lactate meter and compared with laboratory values.ResultsAmong 70 patients, the mean difference between the POC and laboratory lactate results was −0.19 mmol/L, with limits of agreement at −1.9 and 1.5. Most measurements (n = 66; 94.3%) were within the limits of agreement. A POC lactate level of >3.3 mmol/L had >90% specificity for transfusion, whereas a level <1.4 mmol/L had 90% sensitivity to rule out a transfusion.ConclusionThe level of agreement of POC lactate with the laboratory lactate was high. Research on clinical decision rules for pre‐hospital transfusion that incorporate POC lactate measures is therefore feasible.
Extraction of Mechanical Properties of Shape Memory Alloys From Instrumented Spherical Indentation
Authors: Sansusthy Tardio Emmanuel , El Awad Santiago , Chen Tian , Baxevanis Theocharis 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
An approach to infer mechanical properties of shape memory alloys (SMAs) from instrumented spherical indentation records of indenter tip loading force, P, versus the resultant indentation depth, h, during indentation loading and unloading is proposed. The approach is based on (i) a finite element (FE) model for describing the forward problem of determining the indentation response, i.e., the P−h curve, for a given set of SMA mechanical properties, (ii) a computationally efficient Gaussian process surrogate model to replace the costly FE one, and (iii) an iterative solution strategy, which approximates the unknown model parameters from an experimentally determined P−h record and their corresponding probability densities via a Bayesian inference framework and a Markov Chain Monte Carlo sampling strategy. The efficacy of the proposed approach is demonstrated using numerical experiments, i.e., indentation curves generated by evaluating the FE model at points in the parameter space.