bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physicians’ Perspectives on Palliative Care for Patients With End‐Stage Liver Disease: A National Survey Study
Authors: Ufere Nneka N. , Donlan John , Waldman Lauren , Patel Arpan , Dienstag Jules L. , Friedman Lawrence S. , Corey Kathleen E. , Hashemi Nikroo , Carolan Peter , Mullen Alan C. , Thiim Michael , Bhan Irun , Nipp Ryan , Greer Joseph , Temel Jennifer , Chung Raymond T. , El‐Jawahri Areej 
Published: April 2019

Specialty palliative care (PC) is underused for patients with end‐stage liver disease (ESLD). We sought to examine attitudes of hepatologists and gastroenterologists about PC for patients with ESLD. We conducted a cross‐sectional survey of these specialists who provide care to patients with ESLD. Participants were recruited from the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases membership directory. Using a questionnaire adapted from prior studies, we examined physicians’ attitudes about PC and whether these attitudes varied based on patients’ candidacy for liver transplantation. We identified predictors of physicians’ attitudes about PC using linear regression. Approximately one‐third of eligible physicians (396/1236, 32%) completed the survey. Most (95%) believed that centers providing care to patients with ESLD should have PC services, and 86% trusted PC clinicians to care for their patients. Only a minority reported collaborating frequently with inpatient (32%) or outpatient (11%) PC services. Most believed that when patients hear the term PC, they feel scared (94%) and anxious (87%). Most (83%) believed that patients would think nothing more could be done for their underlying disease if a PC referral was suggested. Physicians who believed that ESLD is a terminal condition (B = 1.09; P = 0.006) reported more positive attitudes about PC. Conversely, physicians with negative perceptions of PC for transplant candidates (B = –0.22; standard error = 0.05; P < 0.001) reported more negative attitudes toward PC. In conclusion, although most hepatologists and gastroenterologists believe that patients with ESLD should have access to PC, they reported rarely collaborating with PC teams and had substantial concerns about patients’ perceptions of PC. Interventions are needed to overcome misperceptions of PC and to promote collaboration with PC clinicians for patients with ESLD.
Computational 1H NMR: Part 1. Theoretical background
Authors: Krivdin Leonid B. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThis is the first one of the three closely interrelated reviews to be published in Magnetic Resonance in Chemistry dealing with accordingly theoretical background, chemical applications, and biochemical studies of and by means of computational 1H NMR. Presented in the first part of the review is a general outline of the modern theoretical methods and accuracy factors of computational 1H NMR involving locally dense basis set schemes, solvent effects, vibrational corrections, and relativistic effects performed at the density functional theory and/or nonempirical levels. This review is dedicated to Prof. Stephan Sauer in view of his invaluable contribution to the field of computational nuclear magnetic resonance.
An Organic Zeolite With 10 Å Diameter Pores Assembles From a Soluble and Flexible Building Block by Non‐Covalent Interactions
Authors: Plater M. John , Harrison William T. A. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractTwo similar molecular building blocks, which both contain a hydrogen‐bonded nitro group, have been prepared and crystallised. One structure has more flexibility with a butyl side chain which allows an open framework organic zeolite to form with large 10 Å diameter pores, whereas the other structure has less flexibility with an aryl side chain and is close packed. The pore size is comparable with those of the aluminophosphate VPI‐5 (12 Å). It is concluded that some flexibility in the design of the building block for porous organic molecular materials was beneficial.
Substituent effects at nitrogen/phosphorus atoms of dialkaline earth metal complexes: Excess electron and large second‐hyperpolarizability
Authors: Banerjee Paramita , Hatua Kaushik , Mondal Avijit , Nandi Prasanta K. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractA number of imido‐, amido‐, and phosphido‐bridged dialkaline earth metal (M = Be, Mg, and Ca) complexes and their alkali metal (Li and Na) derivatives have been considered to study the ground state structure and the second‐hyperpolarizability. The calculated ground state geometries contain four‐membered MN(P)MN(P) ring having either planar or butterfly‐like bent structure. The second‐hyperpolarizability has been calculated at the HF and CCSD(T) levels using Sadlej's pol and aug‐pc‐2 basis sets, respectively. The addition of second hydrogen/alkali metal atom on nitrogen/phosphorus (N/P) atom substantially reduces the charge transfer from the alkaline earth metal atoms as the high negative charge on N/P exerts stronger push effect on the outermost electron pair in the “ns” sub‐shell of M. The excess electron density on the alkaline earth metal atoms plays a crucial role in the enhancement of second‐hyperpolarizability. The sum‐over‐state method calculated two‐photon contribution of second‐hyperpolarizability has been found to be significant. The variation of second‐hyperpolarizability has been explained satisfactorily in terms of the TD‐CAMB3LYP calculated spectroscopic properties in the light of two‐state model. The calculated mean second‐hyperpolarizabilities of alkali substituted amido‐ and phosphido‐bridged complexes are in the order of 107 au.
Formic acid catalyzed keto‐enol tautomerizations for C2and C3enols: Implications in atmospheric and combustion chemistry
Authors: Monge‐Palacios Manuel , Grajales‐González Edwing , Sarathy Subram M. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractEnols are important species in atmospheric and combustion chemistry. However, their implications in these environments are not well established due to a lack of accurate rate constants and mechanisms to determine their fate. In this work, we investigate the formic acid catalyzed keto‐enol tautomerizations converting vinyl alcohol, propen‐2‐ol and 1‐propenol into acetaldehyde, acetone and propanal, respectively. High‐level ab initio and multistructural torsional variational transition state theory calculations are performed with small‐curvature tunneling corrections to obtain rate constants in the temperature range 200 K‐3000 K. Tunneling is shown to be pronounced as a consequence of very narrow adiabatic potential energy curves, and indicates a need to revisit previous calculations. We show the implications of the studied reactions on the fate of enols under combustion relevant conditions by detailed kinetic modeling simulations. The yield of vinyl alcohol predicted by our calculated rate constants may be useful to lessen the underestimation of organic acids concentrations in current atmospheric models.
Current state and future possibilities of ovarian tissue transplantation
Authors: Takae Seido , Suzuki Nao 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackgroundAs a result of recent developments in cancer treatment, cancer survivorship and survivors' quality of life have been emphasized. Although ovarian tissue cryopreservation (OTC) is an experimental technique, it would be the sole technique for fertility preservation treatment for girls with malignant disease. Indeed, OTC requires ovarian tissue transplantation (OTT) for conception. As for OTC, there is room to investigate OTT. The present review focused on the current state and progress of OTT.MethodThe literature regarding OTT, which is currently under development, was reviewed.Main findingsTo improve the outcome of OTT, both efficacy and safety are important. Good surgical technique and the optimal site are important surgical factors, with orthotopic transplantation increasing. Treatment of growth factors, gonadotropins, antioxidants, apoptosis suppression factors, and cell therapy may improve the efficacy of OTT by inducing neo‐angiogenesis and preventing damage. Artificial ovaries, complete in vitro primordial follicle culture technique, and non‐invasive ovarian imaging techniques, such as optical coherence tomography, to select the best ovarian tissue are future possibilities.ConclusionImproving neo‐angiogenesis and preventing damage with optimization, as well as investigation of future techniques, may bring us to the next stage of a fertility preservation strategy.
Spontaneous Retroperitoneal and Rectus Sheath Hemorrhage—Management, Risk Factors and Outcomes
Authors: Baekgaard Josefine S. , Eskesen Trine G. , Lee Jae Moo , Yeh D. Dante , Kaafarani Haytham M. A. , Fagenholz Peter J. , Avery Laura , Saillant Noelle , King David R. , Velmahos George C. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackgroundSpontaneous retroperitoneal and rectus sheath hemorrhage (SRRSH) is associated with high mortality in the literature, but studies on the subject are lacking. The objective of this study was to identify early predictors of the need for angiographic or surgical intervention (ASI) in patients with SRRSH and define risk factors for mortality.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study at a tertiary academic hospital. All patients with computed tomography‐identified SRRSH between 2012 to 2017 were included. Exclusion criteria were age below 18 years, possible mechanical cause of SRRSH, aortic aneurysm rupture or dissection, and traumatic or iatrogenic sources of SRRSH. The primary outcome was the incidence of ASI and/or mortality.ResultsOf 100 patients included (median age 70 years, 52% males), 33% were transferred from another hospital, 82% patients were on therapeutic anticoagulation, and 90% had serious comorbidities. Overall mortality was 22%, but SRRSH‐related mortality was only 6%. Sixteen patients underwent angiographic intervention (n = 10), surgical intervention (n = 5), or both (n = 1). Flank pain (OR 4.15, 95% CI 1.21–14.16, p = 0.023) and intravenous contrast extravasation (OR 3.89, 95% CI 1.23–12.27, p = 0.020) were independent predictors of ASI. Transfer from another hospital (OR 3.72, 95% CI 1.30–10.70, p = 0.015), age above 70 years (OR 4.24, 95% CI 1.25–14.32, p = 0.020), and systolic blood pressure below 110 mmHg at the time of diagnosis (OR 4.59, 95% CI 1.19–17.68, p = 0.027) were independent predictors of mortality.ConclusionsSRRSH is associated with high mortality but is typically not the direct cause. Most SRRSHs are self‐limited and require no intervention. Pattern identification of ASI is hard.
Adverse childhood experiences, epigenetics and telomere length variation in childhood and beyond: a systematic review of the literature
Authors: Lang Jason , McKie Judith , Smith Helen , McLaughlin Angela , Gillberg Christopher , Shiels Paul G. , Minnis Helen 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
A systematic review following PRISMA guidelines was conducted to answer the question: What epigenetic, telomeric and associated biological changes are associated with exposure to adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) in the under 12s? Using PRISMA guidelines, appropriate databases were searched. 190 papers were returned with 38 articles fully reviewed. Articles were each independently quality rated by two authors using the Crowe Critical Appraisal Tool and data were extracted. Of the 38 articles, 23 were rated as very high quality. Most study participants were adults (n = 7769) with n = 727 child participants. Only seven of the very/high-quality studies were prospective and involved children. Methylation was the most studied method of epigenetic modification. There is some evidence supporting epigenetic modification of certain markers in participants exposed to ACEs measured in adulthood. Research is lacking on non-coding aspects of the epigenome and on coding aspects other than DNA methylation. There is some evidence of a more powerful effect on telomere length if physical neglect was involved. Much further work is required to model biological and psychological effects of epigenetic changes during childhood using prospective study designs. The effect of ACEs on the cellular ageing process during childhood is inadequately investigated and relies solely on measure of telomere length. Future research suggestions are proposed.
The where of bodily awareness
Authors: Mandrigin Alisa 
Published: April 2019

AbstractIn bodily awareness body parts are felt to occupy locations relative to the rest of the body. Bodily sensations are felt to be, in Brian O’Shaughnessy’s terms ‘in-a-certain-body-part-at-a-position-in-body-relative-physical-space’. In this paper I put forward a dispositional account of the structure of the spatial content of bodily awareness, which takes inspiration from Gareth Evans’s account of egocentric spatial content in The Varieties of Reference (1982). On the Dispositional View, bodily awareness experiences have spatial content in virtue of a set of connections having been established between somatosensory and proprioceptive inputs on the one hand, and motor outputs on the other hand. This kind of account, according to which spatial content depends constitutively on bodily action, has been challenged by a set of neurological cases and behavioural studies on healthy subjects. The evidence has been used to motivate a functional distinction between two kinds of body representation: representations for perception and representations for action. I review and assess some of the main sources of evidence for this distinction, arguing that the evidence presents a challenge to the dispositional view only if we accept the unjustified assumption that differences in task performance can only be explained in terms of a difference in representation. I close by proposing, and offering some empirical support for, an alternative explanation of the empirical results. The availability of the alternative explanation means that further work is needed to establish whether or not there is any challenge to the Dispositional View.
The Effect of Bariatric Surgery Prior to Lower-Extremity Total Joint Arthroplasty: A Systematic Review
Authors: Gu Alex , Cohen Jordan S. , Malahias Michael-Alexander , Lee Danny , Sculco Peter K. , McLawhorn Alexander S. 
Published: April 2019

Background Obesity is an independent risk factor for osteoarthritis and has been associated with increased rate of complications following lower-extremity total joint arthroplasty (TJA). Bariatric surgery (BS) is a surgical option for weight loss and for reducing obesity-related comorbidities in morbidly obese patients. Purpose/Questions The goal of this systematic review was to answer the following questions: (1) Does BS prior to TJA correlate with lower post-operative complication rates in morbidly obese patients undergoing TJA? (2) Does BS have an impact on revision rates following TJA? Methods Using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement and checklist, a systematic review of medical databases (PubMed/ MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Clinicaltrials.gov ) was undertaken for articles published in English from January 1990 to September 2018. Inclusion criteria were studies that included at least ten patients who underwent BS prior to TJA, collected data on complications or other outcomes, and followed patients for at least 90 days after TJA. A descriptive and critical analysis of the results was performed. Results From 799 studies, 13 met inclusion criteria. A total of 11, 770 patients who had undergone bariatric surgery prior to TJA were analyzed. The quality of the evidence ranged between moderate and high. There was no consensus on the effect of previous BS on early- to short-term outcomes reported after TJA. Conclusion The literature remains conflicted on the impact of BS prior to TJA on early, short-term, and long-term complications after TJA. Additional well-matched, observational studies may further our understanding of the impact of BS prior to TJA on outcomes. In particular the effect of various types of BS prior to TJA on outcomes has yet to be elucidated. Ideally, prospective studies with higher level of evidence will be more definitive on the effects of BS prior to TJA. Prospero Registration Number: CRD42016043025.
White matter hyperintensities in vascular contributions to cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID): Knowledge gaps and opportunities
Authors: Alber Jessica , Alladi Suvarna , Bae Hee‐Joon , Barton David A. , Beckett Laurel A. , Bell Joanne M. , Berman Sara E. , Biessels Geert Jan , Black Sandra E. , Bos Isabelle , Bowman Gene L. , Brai Emanuele , Brickman Adam M. , Callahan Brandy L. , Corriveau Roderick A. , Fossati Silvia , Gottesman Rebecca F. , Gustafson Deborah R. , Hachinski Vladimir , Hayden Kathleen M. , Helman Alex M. , Hughes Timothy M. , Isaacs Jeremy D. , Jefferson Angela L. , Johnson Sterling C. , Kapasi Alifiya , Kern Silke , Kwon Jay C. , Kukolja Juraj , Lee Athene , Lockhart Samuel N. , Murray Anne , Osborn Katie E. , Power Melinda C. , Price Brittani R. , Rhodius‐Meester Hanneke F.M. , Rondeau Jacqueline A. , Rosen Allyson C. , Rosene Douglas L. , Schneider Julie A. , Scholtzova Henrieta , Shaaban C. Elizabeth , Silva Narlon C.B.S. , Snyder Heather M. , Swardfager Walter , Troen Aron M. , van Veluw Susanne J. , Vemuri Prashanthi , Wallin Anders , Wellington Cheryl , Wilcock Donna M. , Xie Sharon Xiangwen , Hainsworth Atticus H. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractWhite matter hyperintensities (WMHs) are frequently seen on brain magnetic resonance imaging scans of older people. Usually interpreted clinically as a surrogate for cerebral small vessel disease, WMHs are associated with increased likelihood of cognitive impairment and dementia (including Alzheimer's disease [AD]). WMHs are also seen in cognitively healthy people. In this collaboration of academic, clinical, and pharmaceutical industry perspectives, we identify outstanding questions about WMHs and their relation to cognition, dementia, and AD. What molecular and cellular changes underlie WMHs? What are the neuropathological correlates of WMHs? To what extent are demyelination and inflammation present? Is it helpful to subdivide into periventricular and subcortical WMHs? What do WMHs signify in people diagnosed with AD? What are the risk factors for developing WMHs? What preventive and therapeutic strategies target WMHs? Answering these questions will improve prevention and treatment of WMHs and dementia.
Cost-effectiveness of nutritional counseling for obese patients and patients at risk of ischemic heart disease
Authors: Olsen Jens , Willaing Ingrid , Ladelund Steen , Jørgensen Torben , Gundgaard Jens , Sørensen Jan 
Published: April 2019

Objectives:Obesity and dyslipidemia are risk factors for ischemic heart disease, and prevention and treatment in primary care can reduce these risks. The objective of this cost-effectiveness analysis was to compare the costs and effects (in terms of life years gained) of providing nutritional counseling by a general practitioner (GP) or a dietician.Methods:A total of 60 GPs, who accepted to participate, were randomized either to give nutritional counseling or to refer patients to a dietician for counseling. The life years gained was estimated using a Cox regression model. Costs were estimated on the basis of registered use of time (dieticians) or agreed salaries (GPs).Results:The effect of nutritional counseling comparing GPs and dieticians is greatest when counseling is performed by a GP—0.0919 years versus 0.0274 years. These effects appear to be moderate, but they are significant. It is also proven that the GP group was the most cost-effective—the cost of gaining 1 extra life year was estimated to be 8,213 DKK compared with the dietician group, for which the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was estimated to be 59,987 DKK.Conclusions:The effects were moderate, but other studies of other patient groups and interventions report effects within the same magnitude. The GP group was the most cost-effective, but it must be concluded that both counseling strategies were relatively cost-effective. Even though the cost of gaining an extra life year was estimated to be 59,987 DKK in the dietician group, this might be an acceptable price.
Criteria list for assessment of methodological quality of economic evaluations: Consensus on Health Economic Criteria
Authors: Evers Silvia , Goossens Mariëlle , de Vet Henrica , van Tulder Maurits , Ament André 
Published: April 2019

Objectives:The aim of the Consensus on Health Economic Criteria (CHEC) project is to develop a criteria list for assessment of the methodological quality of economic evaluations in systematic reviews. The criteria list resulting from this CHEC project should be regarded as a minimum standard.Methods:The criteria list has been developed using a Delphi method. Three Delphi rounds were needed to reach consensus. Twenty-three international experts participated in the Delphi panel.Results:The Delphi panel achieved consensus over a generic core set of items for the quality assessment of economic evaluations. Each item of the CHEC-list was formulated as a question that can be answered by yes or no. To standardize the interpretation of the list and facilitate its use, the project team also provided an operationalization of the criteria list items.Conclusions:There was consensus among a group of international experts regarding a core set of items that can be used to assess the quality of economic evaluations in systematic reviews. Using this checklist will make future systematic reviews of economic evaluations more transparent, informative, and comparable. Consequently, researchers and policy-makers might use these systematic reviews more easily. The CHEC-list can be downloaded freely fromhttp://www.beoz.unimaas.nl/chec/.
Omega-3 and vitamin E co-supplementation can improve antioxidant markers in obese/overweight women with polycystic ovary syndrome
Authors: Sadeghi Fatemeh , Alavi-Naeini Amirmansour , Mardanian Farahnaz , Ghazvini Mohammad Reza , Mahaki Behzad 
Published: April 2019

Abstract. Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome is one of the most important factors in female infertility. Oxidative stress is likely to contribute to increased insulin and androgen production in the ovaries, as well as probably impairing follicle production. Aims: This study aims to determine the complementary effects of omega-3 and vitamin E supplements on certain oxidative stress indices in obese and overweight women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Materials and Methods: This double-blind, randomized clinical trial was performed on polycystic ovary syndrome subjects with BMI > 25. Patients were randomly allocated into two groups to receive either 2 g of omega-3 plus 400 IU of vitamin E, or a placebo, for 8 weeks. At the beginning and the end of the study, total antioxidant capacity, glutathione levels, catalase activity, malondialdehyde concentrations, as well as dietary intake and physical activity were evaluated. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS. Results: 32 patients in the intervention group and 30 patients in the placebo group completed the study. Co-supplementation of omega-3 and vitamin E significantly increased total antioxidant capacity (mg/dl) (1.15 ± 0.93 vs −0.6 ± 0.72; P < 0.001), catalase activity (IU/L) (1.19 ± 1.06 vs 0.12 ± 0.36; P < 0.001) and glutathione levels (μmol/L) (1.5 ± 1.06 vs 0.23 ± 1.43; P = 0.028). Additionally, a significant reduction of malondialdehyde levels (nmol/L) (−0.34 ± 0.32 vs 0.57 ± 2.20; P = 0.008) was observed, in comparison with placebo. Conclusion: Co-supplementation with omega-3 and vitamin E had beneficial effect on total antioxidant capacity, malondialdehyde concentrations, glutathione levels and catalase activity.