bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Promoting Drug Safety in Older Adults
Authors: Aschenbrenner Diane S. 
Published: June 2018

The Beers Criteria for Potentially Inappropriate Medication Use in Older Adults is an evidence-based list of medications generally considered inappropriate for use in older patients.The list can be used in any health care setting and for all patients except those in hospice or palliative care.Nurses should consult the Beers criteria as a starting point when evaluating the appropriateness of a patient's drug therapy. Some patients may need treatment with a medication despite its presence on the list.
New HIV Drug Treats Patients Unresponsive to Other Therapies
Authors: Aschenbrenner Diane S. 
Published: June 2018

Ibalizumab-uiyk (Trogarzo) is a new CD4-directed postattachment HIV-1 inhibitor approved for use in adults with multidrug resistant HIV-1 who have previously received multiple HIV medications and in whom current therapy is now failing.Ibalizumab-uiyk is administered as an IV infusion. It should never be given as an IV push or bolus.
Association between Performance in a Maintenance of Certification Program and Disciplinary Actions against the Medical Licenses of Anesthesiologists
Authors: Zhou Yan , Sun Huaping , Macario Alex , Keegan Mark T. , Patterson Andrew J. , Minhaj Mohammed M. , Wang Ting , Harman Ann E. , Warner David O. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract

Editor’s Perspective

What We Already Know about This Topic

What This Article Tells Us That Is New

Background
In 2000, the American Board of Anesthesiology (Raleigh, North Carolina) began issuing time-limited certificates requiring renewal every 10 yr through a maintenance of certification program. This study investigated the association between performance in this program and disciplinary actions against medical licenses.

Methods
The incidence of postcertification prejudicial license actions was compared (1) between anesthesiologists certified between 1994 and 1999 (non–time-limited certificates not requiring maintenance of certification) and those certified between 2000 and 2005 (time-limited certificates requiring maintenance of certification); (2) within the non–time-limited cohort, between those who did and did not voluntarily participate in maintenance of certification; and (3) within the time-limited cohort, between those who did and did not complete maintenance of certification requirements within 10 yr.

Results
The cumulative incidence of license actions was 3.8% (587 of 15,486). The incidence did not significantly differ after time-limited certificates were introduced (hazard ratio = 1.15; 95% CI, 0.95 to 1.39; for non–time-limited cohort compared with time-limited cohort). In the non–time-limited cohort, 10% (n = 953) voluntarily participated in maintenance of certification. Maintenance of certification participation was associated with a lower incidence of license actions (hazard ratio = 0.60; 95% CI, 0.38 to 0.94). In the time-limited cohort, 90% (n = 5,329) completed maintenance of certification requirements within 10 yr of certificate issuance. Not completing maintenance of certification requirements (n = 588) was associated with a higher incidence of license actions (hazard ratio = 4.61; 95% CI, 3.27 to 6.51).

Conclusions
These findings suggest that meeting maintenance of certification requirements is associated with a lower likelihood of being disciplined by a state licensing agency. The introduction of time-limited certificates in 2000 was not associated with a significant change in the rate of license actions.
Diagnostic Ultrasound and Microbubbles Treatment Improves Outcomes of Coronary No-Reflow in Canine Models by Sonothrombolysis
Authors: Li Hairui , Lu Yongkang , Sun Yili , Chen Gangbin , Wang Junfen , Wang Shifei , Huang Chixiong , Zhong Lintao , Si Xiaoyun , Liao Wangjun , Liao Yulin , Cao Shiping , Bin Jianping 
Published: June 2018

Objectives:
Effective treatment for microvascular thrombosis-induced coronary no-reflow remains an unmet clinical need. This study sought to evaluate whether diagnostic ultrasound and microbubbles treatment could improve outcomes of coronary no-reflow by dissolving platelet- and erythrocyte-rich microthrombi.

Design:
Randomized controlled laboratory investigation.

Setting:
Research laboratory.

Subjects:
Mongrel dogs.

Interventions:
Coronary no-reflow models induced by platelet- or erythrocyte-rich microthrombi were established and randomly assigned to control, ultrasound, recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator, ultrasound + microbubbles, or ultrasound + microbubbles + recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator group. All treatments lasted for 30 minutes.

Measurements and Main Results:
Percentage of microemboli-obstructed coronary arterioles was lower in ultrasound + microbubbles group than that in control group for platelet- (> 50% obstruction: 10.20% ± 3.56% vs 31.80% ± 3.96%; < 50% obstruction: 14.80% ± 4.15% vs 28.20% ± 3.56%) and erythrocyte-rich microthrombi (> 50% obstruction: 8.20% ± 3.11% vs 30.60% ± 4.83%; < 50% obstruction: 12.80% ± 4.15% vs 25.80% ± 3.70%) (p < 0.001). Percentage change of myocardial blood flow in left anterior descending artery-dominated region, left ventricular ejection fraction, fractional shortening, and ST-segment resolution were higher, whereas infarcted area, troponin I, and creatine kinase MB isoenzyme were lower in ultrasound + microbubbles group than that in control group for both types of microthrombi (p < 0.001). Percentage change of myocardial blood flow, ejection fraction, fractional shortening, and ST-segment resolution were higher, whereas infarcted area, troponin I, and creatine kinase MB isoenzyme were lower in ultrasound + microbubbles and ultrasound + microbubbles + recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator groups than that in recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator group for platelet-rich microthrombi (p < 0.05).

Conclusions:
Ultrasound + microbubbles treatment could dissolve platelet- and erythrocyte-rich microthrombi, thereby improving outcomes of coronary no-reflow, making it a promising supplement to current reperfusion therapy for acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction.
Inner and Outer Retinal Contributions to Pupillary Light Response: Correlation to Functional and Morphologic Parameters in Glaucoma
Authors: Duque-Chica Gloria L. , Gracitelli Carolina P.B. , Moura Ana L.A. , Nagy Balázs V. , Vidal Kallene S. , Paranhos Augusto , Ventura Dora F. 
Published: June 2018

Purpose:
To evaluate in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) the contribution of the inner and outer retinal photoreceptors to the pupillary light responses (PLRs) correlated with both functional (color vision and visual field perimetry) and morphologic (optical coherence tomography) parameters.

Methods:
In total, 45 patients with POAG and 25 healthy control participants were evaluated. The PLR was measured as pupil diameter with an eye tracker; stimuli were presented in a Ganzfeld. Pupil responses were measured monocularly, to 1 second blue (470 nm) and red (640 nm) flashes with −3, −2, −1, 0, 1, 2, and 2.4 log cd/m2 luminance levels. Color vision was evaluated with the Cambridge Color Test, visual field was measured by standard automatic perimetry, and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness was evaluated by optical coherence tomography.

Results:
Patients with moderate and severe POAG have a significantly decreased PLR that depends on the severity of POAG, for both the 470 and 640 nm stimuli, revealing the reduction of the contributions of the rods, cones, and intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells to PLR. A significant loss of color discrimination along the blue-yellow axis was observed in all stages of POAG. Correlations among standard automatic perimetry, retinal nerve fiber layer thickness, Cambridge Color Test, PLR, and melanopsin parameters were found.

Conclusions:
The results provide evidence that in moderate and severe stages of POAG, both the inner and outer retinal contributions to PLR are affected. Also, a worsening in color vision was correlated with reduced PLR responses at high-intensity stimuli. These findings may enhance the clinical management of POAG patients.
Interpersonal Relationships Among Black Couples and Depressive Symptoms During Pregnancy
Authors: Caldwell Cleopatra Howard , Misra Dawn P. , Rogers William B. , Young Alford , Giurgescu Carmen 
Published: June 2018

AbstractObjective:The purpose of this study was to examine associations of the mother–father relationship and social support with depressive symptoms during pregnancy among Black mothers and fathers.Methods:Fifty Black mother–father dyads from the Midwest completed a packet of questionnaires that included conflict with partner, social support, depressive symptoms, and sociodemographic characteristics.Results:Twenty-four percent of mothers and 16% of fathers had Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression scores ≥23, which have been correlated with a major depression diagnosis. There were no differences in depressive symptoms between mothers and fathers. Fathers reporting high depressive symptoms were not more likely to be partnered with mothers reporting high depressive symptoms. Controlling for age, higher levels of conflict with partner, and lower levels of social support predicted higher levels of depressive symptoms for both mothers and fathers.Clinical Implications:Black expectant mothers and fathers may be at risk for clinical depression. Fathers experienced comparable levels of depressive symptoms with mothers, indicating the need to consider fathers' psychological adjustment during pregnancy. Higher levels of conflict with partner and lower levels of social support predicted higher levels of depressive symptoms for both parents. Maternal–child nurses should assess for mothers' as well as fathers' experiences of depressive symptoms and the mother–father relationship when providing prenatal care.
Ethics in Plastic Surgery: Applying the Four Common Principles to Practice
Authors: Gallo Lucas , Baxter Charmaine , Murphy Jessica , Schwartz Lisa , Thoma Achilleas 
Published: June 2018

Summary:
The topic of ethics in plastic surgery remains underrepresented in the literature. By applying the four principles of biomedical ethics—respect for autonomy, beneficence, nonmaleficence, and justice—as described by Beauchamp and Childress to proposed ethical scenarios, this article attempts to provide plastic surgeons with a systematic approach to recognize and address ethical dilemmas as they present in day-to-day practice. Through the perspective of an experienced plastic surgeon and medical ethicist, this article is intended to spark discussion, reflection, and debate on ethical challenges in plastic surgery.
Lymph Flow Restoration after Tissue Replantation and Transfer: Importance of Lymph Axiality and Possibility of Lymph Flow Reconstruction without Lymph Node Transfer or Lymphatic Anastomosis
Authors: Yamamoto Takumi , Iida Takuya , Yoshimatsu Hidehiko , Fuse Yuma , Hayashi Akitatsu , Yamamoto Nana 
Published: June 2018

Background:
The lymph system plays important roles in maintaining fluid balances, the immune system, and lipid metabolism. After tissue replantation or transfer, some cases suffer long-lasting edema or lymphedema caused by interruption of main lymph flows; however, this mechanism has yet to be clarified.

Methods:
The medical charts of 38 patients who underwent indocyanine green lymphography after tissue replantation or free flap transfer were reviewed to obtain data regarding clinical demographics, intraoperative findings, and postoperative indocyanine green lymphographic findings. Postoperative lymph flow restoration based on indocyanine green lymphographic findings was evaluated according to intraoperative findings, including raw surface in lymph axiality and compatible lymph axiality.

Results:
Lymph flow restoration was observed in 24 cases (63 percent). There were significant differences in positive lymph flow restoration with regard to sex (male, 78 percent; female, 40 percent; p = 0.017), cause of defect (trauma, 83 percent; others, 33 percent; p = 0.002), type of operation (replantation, 94 percent; free flap, 41 percent; p = 0.001), and compatible lymph axiality (positive, 96 percent; negative, 0 percent; p < 0.001). Based on lymph axiality, the raw surface in lymph axiality–negative and compatible lymph axiality–positive condition was completely matched with lymph flow restoration positivity; 100 percent accuracy to predict postoperative lymph flow restoration was observed.

Conclusions:
Lymph flow can be restored after tissue replantation or free flap transfer without lymph node or supermicrosurgical lymphatic anastomosis. The raw surface in lymph axiality–negative and compatible lymph axiality–positive condition is considered a key for restoring lymph flows after surgery affecting the main lymph pathway.

CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:
Therapeutic, IV.
Genome-wide association analysis with a 50K transcribed gene SNP-chip identifies QTL affecting muscle yield in rainbow trout
Authors: Salem Mohamed , Al-Tobasei Rafet , Ali Ali , Lourenco Daniela , Gao Guangtu , Palti Yniv , Kenney Brett , Leeds Timothy D. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractDetection of coding/functional SNPs that change the biological function of a gene may lead to identification of putative causative alleles within QTL regions and discovery of genetic markers with large effects on phenotypes. Two bioinformatics pipelines, GATK and SAMtools, were used to identify ~21K transcribed SNPs with allelic imbalances associated with important aquaculture production traits including body weight, muscle yield, muscle fat content, shear force, and whiteness in addition to resistance/susceptibility to bacterial cold-water disease (BCWD). SNPs were identified from pooled RNA-Seq data collected from ~620 fish, representing 98 families from growth- and 54 families from BCWD-selected lines with divergent phenotypes. In addition, ~29K transcribed SNPs without allelic-imbalances were strategically added to build a 50K Affymetrix SNP-chip. SNPs selected included two SNPs per gene from 14K genes and ~5K non-synonymous SNPs. The SNP-chip was used to genotype 1728 fish. The average SNP calling-rate for samples passing quality control (QC; 1,641 fish) was ≥ 98.5%. Genome-wide association (GWA) study on 878 fish (representing 197 families from 2 consecutive generations) with muscle yield phenotypes and genotyped for 35K polymorphic markers (passing QC) identified several QTL regions explaining together up to 28.40% of the additive genetic variance for muscle yield in this rainbow trout population. The most significant QTLs were on chromosomes 14 and 16 with 12.71% and 10.49% of the genetic variance, respectively. Many of the annotated genes in the QTL regions were previously reported as important regulators of muscle development and cell signaling. No major QTLs were identified in a previous GWA study using a 57K genomic SNP chip on the same fish population. These results indicate improved detection power of the transcribed gene SNP-chip in the target trait and population, allowing identification of large-effect QTLs for important traits in rainbow trout.
Proxi: a Python package for proximity network inference from metagenomic data
Authors: EL-Manzalawy Yasser 
Published: June 2018

AbstractSummary: Recent technological advances in high-throughput metagenomic sequencing have provided unique opportunities for studying the diversity and dynamics of microbial communities under different health or environmental conditions. Graph-based representation of metagenomic data is a promising direction not only for analyzing microbial interactions but also for a broad range of machine learning tasks including feature selection, classification, clustering, anomaly detection, and dimensionality reduction. We present Proxi, an open source Python package for learning different types of proximity graphs from metagenomic data. Currently, three types of proximity graphs are supported: k-nearest neighbor (k-NN) graphs; radius-nearest neighbor (r-NN) graphs; and perturbed k-nearest neighbor (pk-NN) graphs.Availability: Proxi Python source code is freely available at https://bitbucket.org/idsrlab/proxi/.Contact:yme2@psu.eduSupplementary information: Tutorials and online documentation are available at https://proxi.readthedocs.io
Bearing the brunt: Mongolian khulan (Equus hemionus hemionus) are exposed to multiple influenza A strains
Authors: Soilemetzidou Eirini S. , Bruin Erwin de , Czirják Gábor Á. , Buuveibaatar Bayarbaatar , Kaczensky Petra , Koopmans Marion , Walzer Chris , Greenwood Alex D. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe majority of influenza A virus strains are hosted in nature by several Anseriformes and Charadriformes birds. A minority of strains have been able to cross species boundaries and establish themselves in novel non-avian hosts. Influenza viruses of horses, donkeys, and mules represent successful cases of avian to mammal influenza virus adaptation. Mongolia has over 3 million domestic horses and is home to two wild equids, the Asiatic wild ass (Equus hemionus hemionus), and Przewalski horse (Equus ferus przewalskii). Domestic and wild equids are sympatric across most of their range in Mongolia. Epizootic influenza A virus outbreaks among Mongolian domestic horses have been frequently recorded. However, the exposure, circulation and relation to domestic horse influenza A virus outbreaks among wild equids is unknown. We evaluated serum samples of Asiatic wild asses in Mongolia for antibodies against influenza A viruses, using a serological assay. We detected antibodies against hemagglutinin (H) H1, H3, H5, H7, H8 and H10 influenza A viruses. Asiatic wild asses may represent a previously unidentified influenza A virus reservoir in an ecosystem shared with populations of domestic horses in which influenza strains circulate.
Temporal Gene Coexpression Network Analysis Using A Low-rank plus Sparse Framework
Authors: Li Jinyu , Lai Yutong , Zhang Chi , Zhang Qi 
Published: June 2018

AbstractVarious gene network models with distinct physical nature have been widely used in biological studies. For temporal transcriptomic studies, the current dynamic models either ignore the temporal variation in the network structure or fail to scale up to a large number of genes due to severe computational bottlenecks and sample size limitation. On the other hand, correlation-based gene networks are more computationally more affordable, but have not been properly extended to gene expression time-course data.We propose Temporal Gene Coexpression Network (TGCN) for the transcriptomic time-course data. The mathematical nature of TGCN is the joint modeling of multiple covariance matrices across time points using a “low-rank plus sparse” framework, in which the network similarity across time points is explicitly modeled in the low-rank component. Using both simulations and a real data application, we showed that TGCN improved the covariance estimation loss and identified more robust and interpretable gene modules.
Dynamic expression of Id3 defines the stepwise differentiation of tissue-resident regulatory T cells
Authors: Sullivan Jenna M. , Höllbacher Barbara , Campbell Daniel J. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractFoxp3+regulatory T (TR) cells are phenotypically and functionally diverse, and broadly distributed in lymphoid and non-lymphoid tissues. However, the pathways guiding the differentiation of tissue-resident TRpopulations have not been well defined. By regulating E-protein function, Id3 controls the differentiation of CD8+effector T cells and is essential for TRmaintenance and function. We show that dynamic expression of Id3 helps define three distinct TRpopulations, Id3+CD62LhiCD44locentral (c)TR,Id3+CD62LloCD44hieffector (e)TRand Id3-eTR. Adoptive transfer experiments and transcriptome analyses support a stepwise model of differentiation from Id3+cTRto Id3+eTRto Id3-eTR. Furthermore, Id3-eTRhave high expression of functional inhibitory markers and a transcriptional signature of tissue-resident TR. Accordingl Id3-eTRare highly enriched in non-lymphoid organs, but virtually absent from blood and lymph Thus, we propose that tissue-resident TRdevelop in a multi-step process associated with Id3 downregulation.
Proficiency of WHO Global Foodborne Infections Network External Quality Assurance System participants in the identification and susceptibility testing of thermo-tolerant Campylobacter spp. from 2003-2012
Authors: Pedersen Susanne Karlsmose , Wagenaar Jaap A. , Vigre Håkan , Roer Louise , Mikoleit Matthew , Aidara-Kane Awa , Cawthorne Amy L. , Aarestrup Frank M. , Hendriksen Rene S. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractCampylobacter spp. are food- and water borne pathogens. While rather accurate estimates for these pathogens are available in industrialized countries, a lack of diagnostic capacity in developing countries limits accurate assessments of prevalence in many regions. Proficiency in the identification and susceptibility testing of these organisms is critical for surveillance and control efforts. The aim of the study was to assess performance for identification and susceptibility testing of thermo-tolerant Campylobacter among laboratories participating in the World Health Organization (WHO) Global Foodborne Infections Network (GFN) External Quality Assurance System (EQAS) over a nine year period.Participants (primarily national level laboratories) were encouraged to self-evaluate performance as part of continuous quality improvement.The ability to correctly identify Campylobacter spp. varied by year and ranged from 61.9 % (2008) to 90.7 % (2012), and the ability to correctly perform antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) for Campylobacter spp. appeared to steadily increase from 91.4 % to 93.6 % in the test period (2009-2012).Poorest performance (60.0 % correct identification and 86.8 % correct AST results) was observed in African laboratories.Overall, approximately 10 % of laboratories reported either an incorrect identification or antibiogramme. As most participants were (supra)-national reference laboratories, these data raise significant concerns regarding capacity and proficiency at the local, clinical level. Addressing these diagnostic challenges is critical for both patient level management and broader surveillance and control efforts.