bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of a rotary piezoelectric energy harvester using magnetic excitation inspired by the fan blade
Authors: Qi Ji , Ma Jun , Zhang Yaxun , Wang Liang 
Published: December 2024

This work proposes a new rotary piezoelectric energy harvester using magnetic excitation inspired by the fan blade. The configuration and operating principle of the harvester are introduced. Then, the equivalent nonlinear model of the piezoelectric beam is established based on the Euler–Bernoulli theory and the Rayleigh–Ritz method. Finite element simulation is used to obtain the vibration performance of the piezoelectric beam, and the first order natural frequency is obtained as 22.059 Hz. A prototype of the proposed harvester is developed, and a series of experiments are carried out. The effect of magnet deflection angle, magnet mass, and the number of magnets on the output performance of the harvester is studied in detail by experiments. The experimental results proved that the harvester obtained a relatively better output performance when the deflection angle of the drive magnet is 30°. In addition, the harvester generated the maximum output voltage when the rotary speed is 165 rpm, which is consistent with the simulation result. The harvester achieved an average power of 43.5 mW when the resistance was 130 kΩ under the rotary speed of 165 rpm. The output power can satisfy the power consumption of low-power electronic devices, such as LEDs, calculators, and electronic meters.
Probe-type optical fiber sensors for electric field distribution measurement
Authors: Chen Chen , Liang Xinyu , Li Yang , Peng Zongren , Song Ping , Sun Zheng 
Published: December 2024

This paper reports a compact fiber optical electric field (E-field) sensor aiming for the precise detection of transient E-field distributions. Here, a reflective polarization-reciprocal optical path is proposed, which inherently mitigates the temperature-induced birefringence interference of the electro-optical crystal without the need for additional optical elements, thereby facilitating a reduced-size sensing probe. Furthermore, an adaptive particle swarm optimization (A-PSO) algorithm has been utilized for the first time to optimize the insulation structure of the optical E-field sensor, which significantly suppresses field distortion within the sensing region by 50%. This method addresses the technical gap in optical E-field sensor structure optimization, providing an effective means to improve its spatial resolution. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed sensor exhibits a broad response frequency range from 50 Hz to 15 MHz, with a sensitivity of 0.675 V/kV cm−1. The proposed sensor successfully monitors the spatial distribution of electric fields in the lightning interception region of a lightning rod, thereby validating its effectiveness.
Combined Raman spectroscopy and electrical transport measurements in ultra-high vacuum down to 3.7 K
Authors: Shchukin K. P. , Hell M. , Grüneis A. 
Published: December 2024

An instrument for the simultaneous characterization of thin films by Raman spectroscopy and electronic transport down to 3.7 K has been designed and built. This setup allows for the in situ preparation of air-sensitive samples, their spectroscopic characterization by Raman spectroscopy with different laser lines and five-probe electronic transport measurements using sample plates with prefabricated contacts. The lowest temperatures that can be achieved on the sample are directly proven by measuring the superconducting transition of a niobium film. The temperature-dependent Raman shift and narrowing of the silicon F2g Raman line are shown. This experimental system is specially designed for in situ functionalization and optical spectroscopic and electron transport investigation of thin films. It allows for easy on-the-fly change of samples without the need to warm up the cryomanipulator.
Reconceptualizing human-wildlife interaction places and bonds through ecopsychology: Healthy reciprocal relationships
Authors: Yerbury Rachel 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Human-wildlife interaction (HWI) places and bonds are often constructed on anthropocentric principles, which disregard wildlife agency and flourishing. This article explores how humans perceive wildlife and highlights the pitfalls of wildlife commodification and objectification within capitalist, progress-driven societies. As multiple environmental and wildlife pressures and disasters emerge, a reconceptualization of HWI is necessary. An alternative view of HWIs is examined using radical ecopsychology, which invites a reflective look at the intrinsic issues of human exceptionalism and entitlement. The aspirations towards ethical, respectful and healthy relationships are explored, requiring transformative change that amplifies both wildlife voices and those of Indigenous custodians. Reframing human-wildlife relationships through radical ecopsychological principles, invites a fundamental shift in the way that humans perceive and interact with wildlife, and works towards collective dignity and flourishing.
Closed-form solution of the deflection of a prestressed multilayer cantilever
Authors: Malhaire Christophe 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In this work, a closed-form solution for the deflection of a multilayer cantilever with initial residual stress in each layer is presented. In particular, this model aims to take into account the relaxation of stresses due to the curvature of the cantilever and to calculate the curvature radius and the bending moment due to stresses. Stress-induced deflections and force & stress-induced deflections of cantilever with different shapes (rectangular, triangular, truncated triangular, V-shaped and truncated V-shaped cantilevers) are obtained from the Euler–Bernoulli beam theory. Taking a SiN/

SiO

2

/Si multilayer as an example, the calculated stress-induced profiles do not depend on the shape of the beam and are in good agreement with finite element results. A comparison with results obtained from a model under generalized plane strain condition is discussed. Stress & force-induced deflections are also successfully compared to finite element results. Finally, a new formula is proposed to accurately determine the stress in a thin film material from the study of the curvature of a multilayer cantilever. As illustrated by the example of a virtual

SiO

2

/Si bi-layer rectangular cantilever, the initial stress value which is an input parameter of the finite element analysis is calculated back from the simulated curvature with an accuracy of 0.2%.
Enhanced performance of self-selective RRAM devices in V/TaOx/Pt structure
Authors: Xu Haoyu , Sun Hongli , Liu He , Dong Chenming , Li Chunbo , Mi Wei , Wang Di , He Linan , Zhou Liwei , Zhao Jinshi 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The performance of resistive random-access memory devices with vanadium as the top electrode and different TaO
x
insulating layer is investigated in this paper. The results indicate that the VO2 oxide layer generated by the oxidation of the vanadium electrode can serve as inherent selector, without the need for additional series selectors required in conventional methods. A large amount of oxygen vacancy migration was limited in the double insulating layers, enabling the device to achieve stable Self-Selective resistive random-access memory performance. This indicated that the advantage of the double insulation layers lay in manipulating the migration of oxygen ions and vacancies. Endurance tests showed no degradation over 103 cycles, and the device maintained stability after 20 000 pulse applications. The subthreshold swing of the selector was less than 42 mV dec−1, and the switching time was less than 2 μs. This research presents a promising advancement in resistive random-access memory technology with potential for high-density memory integration and reliable performance.
Studying magnon band topology through low-energy magnon excitations: role of anisotropic Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction
Authors: Debnath Shreya , Basu Saurabh 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In this work, we study topological properties of magnons via creating spin excitations in both ferromagnets (FMs) and antiferromagnets (AFMs) in presence of an external magnetic field on a two-dimensional square lattice. It is known that Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction (DMI) plays an important role in coupling between different particle (spin excitation) sectors, here we consider an anisotropic DMI and ascertain the role of the anisotropy parameter in inducing topological phase transitions. While the scenario, for dealing with FMs, albeit with isotropic DMI is established in literature, we have developed the formalism for studying magnon band topology for the AFM case. The calculations for the FM case are included to facilitate a comparison between the two magnetically ordered systems. Owing to the presence of a two-sublattice structure of an AFM, a larger number of magnon bands participate in deciding upon the topological properties. However, in both the cases, an extended trivial region is observed even with the DMI to be non-zero, which is surprising since the DMI is the origin of the finite Berry curvature in presence of external magnetic field. The nature of the phases in both the cases and the phase transitions therein are characterized via computing the band structure, ascertaining the presence (or absence) of the chiral edge modes observed in a semi-infinite nano-ribbon geometry, and investigation of the thermal Hall effect. Moreover, the strength of the magnetic field is found to play a decisive role in controlling the critical point that demarcates various topological phases.
Restoration of UAV image blurring based on inertial measurement unit
Authors: Guo Cui , Ji Yue , Liu Yuhe , Zheng Haitao , Li Jinyi , Cao Huiliang 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
UAV image restoration technology is widely used for rescue work in extreme vibration environments. In this paper, an image restoration method based on an inertial measurement unit (IMU) is proposed to effectively overcome the image blurring problem caused by the specific motion of the UAV. The technique utilizes IMU data to analyze the attitude and vibration information of the UAV, calculates the point spread function of the blurred image, and combines it with the all-variable regularization method to correct the image blurring problem. Experiments show that this method improves 7.32% over the blind source recovery results in recovering two-axis rotational blurred images. It also avoids the image misfit problem due to specific motion and improves computational efficiency. In addition, we discuss the application of this method in vibration environments and the potential of dynamic carrier image processing.
A submillimeter notch visualization detection method based on local wavenumber imaging algorithm of broadband laser-generated surface-wave
Authors: Zhang Hui , Wang Shuo , Rui Xiaobo , Zhang Yuliang , Li Guangzhi , Xu Lixia , Hui Tianli , Feng Shu 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Laser ultrasound is widely used in metal notch detection because of its non-contact, non-destructive and high accuracy, but there is still the problem of insufficient detection sensitivity. Therefore, this paper proposes a laser ultrasound-based broadband surface wave local wavenumber imaging algorithm to provide an effective method for the detection of surface notches by taking the aluminum alloy metal structure as the research object. Broadband surface waves on a metal plate are excited by a laser, and vibration information is obtained through vibrometer scanning with a laser Doppler vibrometer. It characterizes the surface notches in the wavenumber domain by filtering out the direct waves and retaining only the reflected surface waves of the new modes generated by the notches, successfully detecting and visually characterizing the tiny surface notches at the sub-millimeter level. The surface notch defect detection experiment was carried out using a laser ultrasound detection platform, and the surface notch with a width and depth of 0.1 mm detection. The effectiveness of the method was verified by repeated experiments. The results of the study provide an effective surface notch detection method for metallic structures which has a broad application prospect.
Human–AI collaborative multi-modal multi-rater learning for endometriosis diagnosis
Authors: Wang Hu , Butler David , Zhang Yuan , Avery Jodie , Knox Steven , Ma Congbo , Hull Louise , Carneiro Gustavo 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Objective. Endometriosis, affecting about 10% of individuals assigned female at birth, is challenging to diagnose and manage. Diagnosis typically involves the identification of various signs of the disease using either laparoscopic surgery or the analysis of T1/T2 MRI images, with the latter being quicker and cheaper but less accurate. A key diagnostic sign of endometriosis is the obliteration of the pouch of Douglas (POD). However, even experienced clinicians struggle with accurately classifying POD obliteration from MRI images, which complicates the training of reliable AI models. Approach. In this paper, we introduce the Human–AI
Collaborative Multi-modal Multi-rater Learning (HAICOMM) methodology to address the challenge above. HAICOMM is the first method that explores three important aspects of this problem: (1) multi-rater learning to extract a cleaner label from the multiple ‘noisy’ labels available per training sample; (2) multi-modal learning to leverage the presence of T1/T2 MRI images for training and testing; and (3) human–AI collaboration to build a system that leverages the predictions from clinicians and the AI model to provide more accurate classification than standalone clinicians and AI models. Main results. Presenting results on the multi-rater T1/T2 MRI endometriosis dataset collected for validating the methodology, the proposed HAICOMM model outperforms an ensemble of clinicians, noisy-label learning models, and multi-rater learning methods by a large margin. Significance. The HAICOMM methodology offers a novel solution to the long-standing problem of accurately diagnosing endometriosis from MRI images, specifically in relation to the key diagnostic sign of POD obliteration. By leveraging multi-rater, multi-modal, and human–AI collaborative learning, it has the potential to improve the accuracy of endometriosis diagnosis, which could have far-reaching implications for the better management of this challenging medical condition that affects a significant proportion of the female population.
Influences of δB contribution and parallel inertial term of energetic particles on MHD-kinetic hybrid simulations: a case study of the 1/1 internal kink mode
Authors: Zhang H X , Zhang H W , Ma Z W , Liu C 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The magnetohydrodynamic-kinetic (MHD-kinetic) hybrid model (Park et al 1992 Phys. Fluids B 4 2033–7) has been widely applied in studying energetic particles (EPs) problems in fusion plasmas for past decades. The pressure-coupling scheme or the current-coupling scheme is adopted in this model. However, two noteworthy issues arise in the model application: firstly, the coupled term introduced in the pressure-coupling scheme,

(

∇
⋅

P

h

)

⊥

, is often simplified by

∇
⋅

P

h

, which is equivalent to neglecting the parallel inertial term of EPs; secondly, besides the

δ
f

contribution caused by changing in the EP distribution function, the magnetic field perturbation (the

δ

B

contribution) generated during development of the instabilities should also be considered, but it is often ignored in existing hybrid simulations. In this paper, we derive the analytical formulations under these two coupling schemes and then numerically study the representative case of the linear stability of the

m

/

n
=
1

/

1

internal kink mode (IKM) (Fu et al 2006 Phys. Plasmas
13 052517) by using the CLT-K code. It is found that the approximated models can still yield reasonable results when EPs are isotopically distributed. But it fails completely in cases with anisotropic EP distributions. In addition, we further investigate the influence of EP’s orbit width on the stability of IKM and verify the equivalence between pressure-coupling scheme and the current-coupling scheme.
Simultaneous control of the electron temperature and safety factor profiles in DIII-D using model-based optimal control techniques
Authors: Morosohk S , Wang Z , Paruchuri S T , Rafiq T , Schuster E 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Future tokamak power plants will likely operate using a single, well-defined plasma scenario, either in steady state or for very long pulse lengths. In order to enhance the robustness of the scenario, feedback controllers for a variety of plasma properties will be necessary to counteract any disturbances and ensure safe operation. However, only a limited set of actuators will be available to control many different quantities. Because of this, it is necessary to develop controllers that are able to regulate multiple plasma properties using a limited set of actuators. To this end, a controller has been developed for the simultaneous regulation of both the electron temperature and safety factor profiles in DIII-D. This algorithm uses a linear quadratic integral control synthesis approach based on a linearized model of the dynamics of the two profiles. Two neural network surrogate models, NubeamNet and MMMnet, are included to improve the fidelity of the model. The controller has been tested in simulation using COTSIM, and has demonstrated the ability to simultaneously track changes in both the electron temperature and safety factor targets, including changes in both the magnitude and the shape of the profiles.
Plasma-activated water retains antimicrobial properties against Escherichia coli after 72 h of storage
Authors: Agus Rita , Pipoz Laurens , Avino Fabio , Lavrikova Aleksandra , Myers Brayden , Furno Ivo 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Plasma-activated water (PAW) is increasingly recognized for its bactericidal properties. To advance this technology toward practical applications and deepen the understanding of its mechanisms, it is crucial to study the storage stability of PAW, focusing on both its chemical composition and antimicrobial properties over time. In this study, PAW was produced using a surface dielectric barrier discharge applied to ultra-pure water. Six PAW samples were analyzed, with plasma exposure times of 10, 20, or 30 min, and with or without water recirculation. Chemical properties such as pH, electrical conductivity, and oxidation-reduction potential were monitored over 72 h of storage at 25 ∘C. The kinetics of long-lived reactive oxygen and nitrogen species were also studied, with

H
2

O
2

measured by visible spectrophotometry and

NO
2

−

and

NO
3

−

analyzed via ion chromatography. While

H
2

O
2

and

NO
2

−

concentrations decreased during the storage,

NO
3

−

levels increased in all samples, reaching similar final concentrations independently on the water recirculation during plasma exposure. After 72 h, the bactericidal effect of PAW on Escherichia coli was evaluated for 10 and 30 min treatment times and compared to fresh samples. Although water recirculation initially provided stronger antimicrobial effects, after storage, both recirculated and non-recirculated PAW samples exhibited similar antimicrobial activity. This study demonstrates that PAW samples, regardless of the initial chemical composition, associated to water recirculation, achieve comparable antimicrobial properties after 72 h of storage, providing valuable insights for practical PAW applications.
Magnetoconductivity of amorphous films based on molybdenum and tungsten silicide and germanide
Authors: Ercolano P , Zhang X , Pepe G P , You L 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Amorphous materials have shown remarkable properties for the fabrication of superconducting single photon detectors in different wavelength range. In this work, we have deposited four films with a thickness of 5 nm, from different amorphous materials, namely WGe, WSi, MoGe, and MoSi. Through comprehensive analyses of the properties of the materials, we investigate their fundamental parameters and characteristic interaction times, derived from magnetoconductivity measurements in a physical property measurement system. By comparing them, we aim to provide a deeper understanding of their suitability for superconducting strip photon detectors applications. Specifically, our findings highlight similarities between WGe and MoGe with their counterparts based on silicon, which are already established materials to produce superconducting detectors capable of operating at extended wavelengths.
Research on magnetic field distribution characteristics of 2G-HTS dynamo in superconducting wireless power supply applications
Authors: Shen Liufei , Zhai Yujia , Zheng Zhiqiang , Wu Xingzheng , Zhu Litong , Wang Jinduo , Huang Shoudao 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The high-temperature superconducting (HTS) dynamo injects direct current (DC) into the winding of superconducting machines through non-electrical contact, solving issues such as thermal leakage in traditional current leads and current decay due to flux motion, joint resistance and AC losses. However, it has been observed that the DC output voltage decreases with an increasing air gap between the rotor magnet and HTS stator. To increase the output of the HTS dynamo at a fixed gap, this study employs an efficient numerical model based on the equivalent current method to investigate the magnetic field distribution of the magnets with different structural parameters. The relationship between the magnetic field distribution of the rotor magnet and the open-circuit voltage of the stator is established and extensively validated against simulation modeling and experimental data. Experimental results indicate that the rotor’s magnetic field distribution and the stator’s magnetic field penetration influence the open-circuit voltage of the HTS dynamo. Specifically, when the distance between adjacent magnets is large, the magnetic field penetration occurs only on both sides of the stator, causing circuit voltage to increase initially and then decrease with the magnet distance decreases. A reverse point opposite to the magnetic field direction on both sides is generated at the center of the stator when the distance decreases further, which increases the average induced current density, and suppresses the downward trend. By optimizing the magnetic field distribution of the rotor magnets on the stator, the DC output power of the dynamo can be effectively improved. This model and the results contained in this article provide a comprehensive theoretical basis for researchers to compare and optimize their own modeling and experiment of the HTS dynamo.