bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrating semantic and fuzzy dimensions into electronic medical records: Case of cerebral palsy information system
Authors: Ghorbel Hanen , Farjallah Sirine 
Published: June 2018

The meta-modeling of medical records helps standardize and capitalize the expert’s knowledge domain. It promotes the interoperability knowledge and the reuse of clinical concepts, i.e., archetypes. It also promotes high quality electronic medical record system (EMRS) design, which helps provide better care service delivery. As a result, different standards of medical informatics use the dual model to support interoperability between Medical Information Systems. We particularly quote ISO/EN 13606 and OpenEHR. However, the use of these standards still presents challenges. Apart from political reasons, the main obstacles to the adoption of these standards include: (1) a lack of guides and methodological tools to facilitate the construction of EMRS using two conceptual levels. Designers must have languages, approaches and tools to assist them in the modeling of archetypal EMRS; (2) a lack of methodologies for semantic activities on the content of electronic health records in the semantic web environment; (3) and a lack of management of uncertainties and inaccuracies that may exist in the medical field. Theconstruction of an approach to modeling EMRS according to the dual model approach, considering the uncertainties, inaccuracies and semantics of these systems, is a difficult task, given the challenges to emancipate. In literature, we don’t find such an approach. We, therefore, defined one in this paper. Our goal is to guide the designer in all stages of developing a new generation of EMRS, from analysis and specification of requirements to implementation. To achieve this goal, we have created an approach to support the following activities: (1) clinical concepts and information management and meta-modeling in accordance with the openEHR standard, (2) integration of the semantic dimension into EMRS considered to enable the execution of semantic activities in the semantic web environment; and (3) integration of the fuzzy dimension into electronic medical record data structures. As a contribution, we defined an approach called Fuzzy SemanticOpenEHR allowing the integration of semantic and fuzzy dimensions into EMRS modeled using the openEHR standard. Fuzzy SemanticOpenEHR intends to help and equip the designer during the different phases of creating a fuzzy ontology. Thanks to the mechanisms offered by this approach, we have been able to obtain a fuzzy ontological basis that can serve as a knowledge base that can support the semantic interoperability between EMRS, the deduction of new knowledge and the taking of knowledge’s clinical decision. To test our contribution, we proceeded to the realization of a prototype of tools realized for the pediatric neurology service of the university hospital “Hédi Chaker Sfax - Tunisia” and the association of the handicapped persons safeguard of Sfax. This prototype is a framework called “XML 2 FuzzyOWL”. Then, we tested this framework using a case of a disease which is “Cerebral Palsy”.
Capturing acute stress disorder in the trauma population
Authors: Delle Janelle Marie , King Joan E. 
Published: June 2018

Acute Stress Disorder (ASD) is classified as a psychiatric diagnosis that was first introduced to the DSM-IV in 1994. It was introduced to describe acute stress reactions that precede Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). ASD usually occurs within the first month after the occurrence of a traumatic event. Early recognition of ASD is crucial from both an early treatment standpoint and avoidance of progressing to PTSD, especially in the trauma population, as late recognition can lead to long-term mental and physical suffering. At this time, there is no protocol for screening of ASD upon admission to a Level I trauma center in the Southeast in the Unites States. Hence, not all trauma patients are assessed for ASD. Often, acute stress is recognized several days after admission, with late referrals to the psychiatric team for psychological evaluation and treatment. This late psychiatric referral often leads to the patient’s inability to participate in physical rehabilitation due to stress and anxiety, thus increasing hospital stay and use of resources. Thus, collaborating between the primary medical team and psychiatry team is essential and facilitates the recovery process for potential acute or long-term psychiatric disorders. To determine if ASD was recognized in the trauma population at a large Level I Trauma Center in the Southeast, and if referrals to psychiatry were initiated in a timely manner, this quality improvement study was developed. The data from this study served to correlate the percentage of patients who screened positive for ASD on admission to a sub-acute trauma floor. A standardized tool called The Stanford Acute Stress Reaction Questionnaire (SASRQ) was used to determine the frequency of ASD in this trauma population. We also ascertained if the trauma nurse practitioners (NPs) had requested a psychiatric referral without the use of the SASRQ tool. Findings included 18 of the 50 trauma patients who had screened positive for ASD (36%). It was found that of those 18 patients who screened positive for ASD, 2 patients received a psychiatric consultation for evaluation and treatment. These findings suggest a needed focus of capturing ASD early in the admission process, using a validated screening tool, along with early psychological intervention to aid in prevention of PTSD post-discharge.
The Impact of Providing Computer Language Experience on the Reading Readiness among Preschool Children
Authors: Hamad Ali Ahmad Bani 
Published: June 2018

This study aim to identify the effect of computer literacy on reading readiness among preschool children. The study sample consisted of (49) preschool children studying at the First University Kindergarten distributed into to two groups: experimental and control. The language experience of the experimental group was presented to students through using the computer for two years. A program has been designed for this purpose using the Multimedia Builder software. In order to answer the study questions, the mathematical averages, standard deviations, ANCOVA and MANCOVA analysis were used. The results of the study showed that there was an effect of computer experience in the six dimensions of reading readiness (visual recognition, auditory distinction, understanding, information, auditory recall, and visual recall) and this effect is related to the group variable. However, there were no statistically significant effect of sex variable over all the dimensions of the Reading readiness scale.
La «desinstantaneización» del instante. Análisis de la noción de «instante-sitio» en los Beiträge zur Philosophie de Martin Heidegger
Authors: Garrido Maturano Ángel Enrique 
Published: June 2018

RESUMEN: El artículo analiza la noción de “instante-sitio” en los Beiträge zur Philosophie a través de la reconstrucción de la noción de abismo como modo ontohistórico (seinsgeschichtlich) de acaecer del ser y de rehusamiento-itinerante (zögernde-Versagung) como espacio-temporalización del abismo. El análisis procura, en primer lugar, explicitar en qué medida la perspectiva de los Beiträge revierte la relación entre decisión y situación de Ser y tiempo a causa de la identificación del instante-sitico con la situación ontohistórica. En segundo, muestra en qué sentido la concepción extática del “instante-sitio” en el pensar del ser como Ereignis implica una des-instantaneización del fenómeno.
El concepto de solidaridad y su multiplicidad semántica. A la memoria de Toni Domènech
Authors: Bertomeu María Julia 
Published: June 2018

El propósito de este trabajo es tomar prestado un aspecto (parcial) de la perspectiva metodológica koselleckiana para:1. inquirir sobre algunos de los “estratos semánticos” contemporáneos que se articulan en la idea político-jurídico de solidaridad y2. sondear si acaso el periodo de eclipse del concepto moderno de fraternidad -y del esplendor de la idea de solidaridad en el discurso político y social -, podrían ser considerados como un momento de “fractura entre el espacio de la experiencia y el horizonte de expectativa” en el sentido de las dos principales categorías de análisis de Koselleck.
Preparation of Diisopropylammonium Bis(catecholato)cyclohexylsilicate
Authors: Lin Kingson , Kelly Christopher B. , Jouffroy Matthieu , Molander* Gary A. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract

Two procedures yielding
cyclohexyltrimethoxysilane
as a clear, colorless oil and
diisopropylammonium bis(catecholato)cyclohexylsilicate
as a white, free flowing powder are presented. Following are notes on the instruments and chemicals used and required in each procedure. The chapter concludes with a discussion on the general concepts regarding preparation of organosilanes.
Ugi Multicomponent Reaction
Authors: Boltjes André , Liu Haixia , Liu Haiping , Dömling* Alexander 
Published: June 2018

AbstractA procedure that yieldsN‐(2,2‐dimethoxyethyl)‐N‐(2‐oxo‐2‐(phenethylamino)ethyl)cylcohexane‐carboxamideas a brown solid is presented. Color change is observed as reaction progresses. To purify red/brown oil, flash chromatography on silica is performed with hexanes and ethyl acetate as eluent. Following the procedure are notes on the instruments and chemicals used and required. The chapter concludes with a discussion on Ugi multicomponent reaction of amines, oxo components, isocyanides, and inorganic or organic acids.
Practical Syntheses of [2,2′‐Bipyridine]
bis
[3,5‐Difluoro‐2‐[5‐(Trifluoromethyl)‐2‐Pyridinyl]phenyl]iridium(
III
) Hexafluorophosphate, [

Ir{dF(CF
3
)ppy}
2
(bpy)]PF
6

and [4,4′‐
bis
(tert‐butyl)‐2,2′‐bipyridine]
bis
[3,5‐Difluoro‐2‐[5‐(Trifluoromethyl)‐2‐Pyridinyl]phenyl]iridium(
III
) Hexafluorophosphate, [

Ir{dF(CF
3
)ppy}
2
(dtbbpy)]PF
6
Authors: Oderinde Martins S. , Johannes* Jeffrey W. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract

Procedures yielding

2‐(2,4‐difluorophenyl)‐5‐(trifluoromethyl)pyridine, (dF(CF
3
)ppy) (
3
)

as a pink‐white solid,

[(dF(CF
3
)ppy)
2
‐Ir‐μ‐Cl]
2
complex

and

[Ir{dF(CF
3
)ppy}
2
(bpy)]PF
6
(
4
)

as bright yellow solids, and

[Ir{dF(CF
3
)ppy}
2
(dtbbpy)]PF
6
(
5
)

as a yellow solid are presented. Following the procedure are notes on the instruments and chemicals used and required. The chapter concludes with a discussion on photoredox catalysts in cross‐coupling reactions and bond‐forming transformation.
(Z)‐Enolp‐Tosylate Derived from Methyl Acetoacetate: A Useful Cross‐Coupling Partner for the Synthesis of Methyl (Z)‐3‐Phenyl (or Aryl)‐2‐Butenoate
Authors: Ashida Yuichiro , Nakatsuji* Hidefumi , Tanabe* Yoo 
Published: June 2018

AbstractProcedures yielding(Z)‐3‐(p‐toluenesulfonyloxy)but‐2‐enoate [(Z)‐1]as white prisms and methyl (Z)‐3‐phenyl‐2‐butenoate [(Z)‐2]as a colorless oil are presented. Following are notes on the instruments and chemicals used and required. The chapter concludes with a discussion on stereocontrolled preparation of ubiquitous (E)‐ and (Z)‐α,β‐unsaturated esters, particularly synthesis methods of (Z)‐1 and (Z)‐2.
Rhodium(I)‐Catalyzed AllenicPauson–Khand Reaction
Authors: Burchick Joseph E. , Wells Sarah M. , Brummond* Kay M. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractProcedures yieldingN‐(but‐2‐yn‐1‐yl)‐4‐methylbenzenesulfonamide(1) as a white solid;N‐(but‐2‐yn‐1‐yl)‐N‐(3‐(((tert‐butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)methyl)penta‐3,4‐dien‐1‐yl)‐4‐methylbenzenesulfonamide(3) as a pale yellow oil; and5‐(((tert‐butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)methyl)‐8‐methyl‐2‐tosyl‐2,3,4,6‐tetrahydrocyclopenta[c]azepin‐7(1H)‐one(4) as a white foam are presented. The chapter concludes with a discussion on Pauson–Khand reaction.
Fragment Coupling and Formation of Quaternary Carbons by Visible‐Light Photoredox Catalyzed Reaction of

tert

‐Alkyl Hemioxalate Salts and
M
ichael Acceptors
Authors: Jamison Christopher R. , Slutskyy Yuriy , Overman* Larry E. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract

Procedures yielding

Cedrol lithium oxalate (
2
)

as a colorless solid and

cedrol benzyl acrylate addition product (
3
)

as a yellow oil are presented. Following the procedures are notes on the instruments and chemicals used and required. The chapter concludes with a discussion on Barton oxalate derivatives of tertiary alcohols, tertiary radicals, and stereoselection.
4‐Cyano‐2‐Methoxybenzenesulfonyl Chloride
Authors: Bayle Elliott D. , Igoe Niall , Fish* Paul V. , Wood John 
Published: June 2018

AbstractProcedures yieldingO‐(4‐cyano‐2‐methoxyphenyl) dimethylcarbamothioate (1) as white crystals,S‐(4‐cyano‐2‐methoxy‐phenyl)dimethylcarbamothioate (2) as a pure product, 4‐mercapto‐3‐methoxybenzonitrile (3) (14.4 g, 90%) as a slightly pungent white solid, and 4‐cyano‐2‐methoxybenzenesulfonyl chloride (4) as a yellow solid are presented. The chapter concludes with a discussion on sulfonamide functional group and related syntheses.
Preparation of

N

‐Trifluoromethylthiosaccharin: A Shelf‐Stable Electrophilic Reagent for Trifluoromethylthiolation
Authors: Zhu Jiansheng , Xu Chunhui , Xu Chunfa , Shen* Qilong 
Published: June 2018

Abstract

Procedures yielding
N
‐chlorosaccharin (
2
) as a white powder, tris‐silver (I) trifluoromethanethiolate (
3
) as an off‐white solid, and
N
‐trifluoromethylthiosaccharin (
4
) as a white solid are presented. The chapter concludes with a discussion on trifluoromethylthio group as one of the most “sought‐after” fluoroalkyl groups, owing to its high lipophilicity.
Homologation of Boronic Esters with Lithiated Epoxides
Authors: Armstrong Roly J. , Aggarwal* Varinder K. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Procedures yielding an analytically pure boronic ester as a white solid and an analytically pure diol as an off‐white solid are presented. Following the procedures are notes on the instruments and chemicals used and required. The chapter concludes with a discussion on epoxides as versatile building blocks and homologation of boronic esters.
Rhenium‐Catalyzed

ortho

‐Alkylation of Phenols
Authors: Kuninobu1*‡§¶ Yoichiro , Yamamoto‡ Masaki , Nishi‡§ Mitsumi , Yamamoto‡ Tomoyuki , Matsuki‡ Takashi , Murai2*‡ Masahito , Takai2*‡ Kazuhiko 
Published: June 2018

Abstract

A procedure yielding pure 2‐(1‐methylnonyl)phenol (

1

) as a colorless oil is presented. An oven‐dried Schlenk flask with a Teflon‐coated magnetic stir bar and a reflux condenser with a three‐way stopcock is primarily used as paraphernalia. A discussion on
ortho
‐monoalkylated phenol derivatives as important bioactive compounds and functional materials concludes the chapter.
Enantioselective Preparation of 5‐Oxo‐5,6‐Dihydro‐2H‐Pyran‐2‐yl PhenylacetateviaOrganocatalytic Dynamic Kinetic Asymmetric Transformation (DyKAT)
Authors: Benkovics* Tamas , Ortiz Adrian , Beutner Gregory L. , Sfouggatakis Chris 
Published: June 2018

AbstractProcedures yielding 2‐phenylacetic anhydride as a white solid and (S)‐5‐oxo‐5,6‐dihydro‐2H‐pyran‐2‐yl 2‐phenylacetate as an off‐white powder are presented. Following the procedures are notes on the instruments and chemicals used and required. The chapter concludes with a discussion on derivatives of lactol (2) as highly useful building blocks.
Water‐Promoted, Open‐Flask Synthesis of Amine‐Boranes: 2‐Methylpyridine‐Borane (2‐Picoline‐Borane)
Authors: Kulkarni Ameya S. , Ramachandran* P. Veeraraghavan 
Published: June 2018

AbstractA procedure yielding2‐methylpyridine‐boraneas a white solid is presented. Sodium borohydride and powdered sodium bicarbonate are added into a single‐necked, air‐dried round‐bottomed flask with a Teflon‐coated, egg‐shaped magnetic stir bar. A discussion on amine‐boranes, reductive amination with aldehyde bisulfites and carbohydrates, and metathesis of metal borohydrides with alkylammonium salts concludes the chapter.
Preparation ofN‐Sulfinyl Aldimines Using Pyrrolidine as CatalystviaIminium Ion Activation
Authors: Morales Sara , Rubia Alfonso García , Rodrigo Eduardo , Aceña José Luis , Ruano José Luis García , Cid* M. Belén 
Published: June 2018

AbstractA procedure yieldingN‐benzylidene‐p‐toluenesulfinamide (1) as a white crystalline solid is presented. A one‐necked round‐bottomed flask with a Teflon‐coated magnetic stir bar is connected to a reflux condenser fitted with a calcium sulfate‐filled drying tube. Notes on the paraphernalia and chemicals to be used are provided after the procedure. The chapter concludes with a brief discussion onN‐Sulfinyl imines4as intermediates for the synthesis of a wide range of nitrogen‐containing molecules.
Synthesis of
N
‐Boc‐
N
‐Hydroxymethyl‐L‐Phenylalaninal
Authors: Yoo Jae Won , Seo Youngran , Yoo Dongwon , Kim* Young Gyu 
Published: June 2018

Abstract

Procedures yielding
(4S)‐4‐benzyl‐3‐[(1,1‐dimethylethoxy)carbonyl]‐5‐oxazolidinone
(
1
) and
N‐[(1,1‐dimethylethoxy)carbonyl]‐N‐hydroxymethyl‐L‐phenylalaninal
(
2
) are presented. A one‐necked round‐bottomed flask with a Teflon‐coated magnetic stir bar is used. A discussion on α‐amino aldehydes as chiral synthons in asymmetric synthesis of nitrogen‐containing natural and synthetic products concludes the chapter.
Preparation of Benzyl((
R
)‐2‐(4‐(benzyloxy)phenyl)‐2‐((

tert

‐Butoxycarbonyl)Amino)Acetyl)‐D‐Phenylalaninate Using Umpolung Amide Synthesis
Authors: Knowe Matthew T. , Tsukanov Sergey V. , Johnston* Jeffrey N. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract

A procedure yielding
Benzyl ((R)‐2‐(4‐(benzyloxy)phenyl)‐2‐((tert‐butoxycarbonyl)amino)acetyl)‐D‐phenylalaninate
as a beige solid is presented. Notes on the paraphernalia and chemicals to be used during each procedures are provided. The chapter concludes with a brief discussion on arylglycine α‐amino amides.
Direct Observation at Room Temperature of the Orthorhombic Weyl Semimetal Phase in Thin Epitaxial MoTe2
Authors: Tsipas Polychronis , Fragkos Sotirios , Tsoutsou Dimitra , Alvarez Carlos , Sant Roberto , Renaud Gilles , Okuno Hanako , Dimoulas Athanasios 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe direct observation at room temperature (RT) of the noncentrosymmetric orthorhombic topological Weyl semimetal phase in epitaxial thin films of MoTe2 grown on InAs(111)/Si(111) substrates by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) is reported. The orthorhombic phase is typically found at lower temperatures but its observation at RT in this work is attributed to the enlarged lattice parameters, influenced by the substrate, which stabilize an interlayer antibonding state compatible with the orthorhombic stacking. First‐principles calculations predict eight type II Weyl nodes which are located below (but near) the Fermi energy making them accessible to charge transport and creating the prospect for practical applications exploiting the nontrivial topological properties. The orthorhombic phase coexists with an unconventional triclinic layer stacking which is different than the monoclinic or orthorhombic structures but it is centrosymmetric and topologically trivial.
Nanocellulose‐Based Antibacterial Materials
Authors: Li Juanjuan , Cha Ruitao , Mou Kaiwen , Zhao Xiaohui , Long Keying , Luo Huize , Zhou Fengshan , Jiang Xingyu 
Published: June 2018

AbstractIn recent years, nanocellulose‐based antimicrobial materials have attracted a great deal of attention due to their unique and potentially useful features. In this review, several representative types of nanocellulose and modification methods for antimicrobial applications are mainly focused on. Recent literature related with the preparation and applications of nanocellulose‐based antimicrobial materials is reviewed. The fabrication of nanocellulose‐based antimicrobial materials for wound dressings, drug carriers, and packaging materials is the focus of the research. The most important additives employed in the preparation of nanocellulose‐based antimicrobial materials are presented, such as antibiotics, metal, and metal oxide nanoparticles, as well as chitosan. These nanocellulose‐based antimicrobial materials can benefit many applications including wound dressings, drug carriers, and packaging materials. Finally, the challenges of industrial production and potentials for development of nanocellulose‐based antimicrobial materials are discussed.
From Antimicrobial Peptides to Antimicrobial Poly(α‐amino acid)s
Authors: Shen Wei , He Pan , Xiao Chunsheng , Chen Xuesi 
Published: June 2018

AbstractConventional small‐molecule antibiotics are facing a significant challenge of the rapidly developed drug resistance of pathogens. In contrast, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), an important component for innate host defenses, are now under intensive investigation as a promising antimicrobial agent for combating drug resistant pathogens. Most AMPs can effectively kill a broad spectrum of pathogens via physical disruption of microbial cellular membranes, which is identified to be difficult to develop resistance. However, the clinical applications of AMPs are still greatly limited by several inherent impediments, such as high cost of production, potential hemolysis or toxicity, and liability to proteinase degradation. Recently, cationic poly(α‐amino acid)s with structures mimicking the AMPs are found to have excellent antimicrobial activity. These polymers, termed “antimicrobial poly(α‐amino acid)s (APAAs),” have some advantages over AMPs, such as easy production and modification, prolonged antimicrobial activity, low cytotoxicity, and enhanced stability to protease degradation. Here, a brief introduction of mechanisms and affecting factors of microbial killing by AMPs is first presented, followed by a systematic illustration of recent advances in design and preparation of biomimetic APAAs and a perspective in this field.
An Ultrabroadband Mid‐Infrared Pulsed Optical Switch Employing Solution‐Processed Bismuth Oxyselenide
Authors: Tian Xiangling , Luo Hongyu , Wei Rongfei , Zhu Chunhui , Guo Qianyi , Yang Dandan , Wang Fengqiu , Li Jianfeng , Qiu Jianrong 
Published: June 2018

AbstractPulsed lasers operating in the mid‐infrared (3–25 µm) are increasingly becoming the light source of choice for a wide range of industrial and scientific applications such as spectroscopy, biomedical research, sensing, imaging, and communication. Up to now, one of the factors limiting the mid‐infrared pulsed lasers is the lack of optical switch with a capability of pulse generation, especially for those with wideband response. Here, a semiconductor material of bismuth oxyselenide (Bi2O2Se) with a facile processibility, constituting an ultrabroadband saturable absorber for the mid‐infrared (actually from the near‐infrared to mid‐infrared: 0.8–5.0 µm) is exhibited. Significantly, it is found that the optical response is associated with a strong nonlinear character, showing picosecond response time and response amplitude up to ≈330.1% at 5.0 µm. Combined with facile processibility and low cost, these solution‐processed Bi2O2Se materials may offer a scalable and printable mid‐infrared optical switch to open up the long‐sought parameter space which is crucial for the exploitation of compact and high‐performance mid‐infrared pulsed laser sources.