bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sex differences in extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: nationwide multicenter retrospective study in Japan
Authors: Kawauchi Akira , Okada Yohei , Aoki Makoto , Inoue Akihiko , Hifumi Toru , Sakamoto Tetsuya , Kuroda Yasuhiro , Nakamura Mitsunobu ,   the SAVE-J II Study Group
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Previous studies examining sex differences in patients undergoing extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) have indicated that women have favorable outcomes; however, detailed evidence remains lacking. We aimed to investigate sex differences in the backgrounds and outcomes of patients undergoing ECPR for OHCA.

Methods
This study was a secondary analysis of the registry from the SAVE-J II study, a retrospective multicenter study conducted in Japan from 2013 to 2018. Adult patients without external causes who underwent ECPR for OHCA were included. The primary outcome was a favorable neurological outcome (Cerebral Performance Status 1 or 2) at hospital discharge. We used multilevel logistic regression to evaluate the association of sex differences, adjusting for center-level (hospital) and individual-level variables (patient background, cardiac arrest situation, and in-hospital intervention factors). For sensitivity analyses, we performed three models of multilevel logistic regression when selecting confounders.

Results
Among the 1819 patients, 1523 (83.7%) were men, and 296 (16.3%) were women. The median age (61.0 vs. 58.0 years), presence of a witness (78.8% vs. 79.2%), and occurrence of bystander CPR (57.5% vs. 61.6%) were similar between groups. Women were more likely to present with an initial non-shockable rhythm (31.7% vs. 49.7%), as well as a non-shockable rhythm at hospital arrival (52.1% vs. 61.5%) and at ECMO initiation (48.1% vs. 57.1%). The proportion of favorable neurological outcomes was 12.3% in males and 15.9% in females (p = 0.10). Multilevel logistic regression analysis showed that the female sex was significantly associated with a favorable neurologic outcome at discharge (adjusted odds ratio: 1.60 [95% confidence interval: 1.05–2.43]; p = 0.03). This advantage in women was consistently observed in the sensitivity analyses.

Conclusions
The female sex is significantly associated with favorable neurological outcomes at hospital discharge in patients who received ECPR for OHCA.
Interleukin-4 and its receptor alpha in paediatric uncomplicated malaria patients from a Ghanaian case-control study
Authors: Diaba-Nuhoho Patrick 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Objectives
This study investigated gene polymorphisms in the interleukin-4 (IL-4) and its receptor alpha (IL-4Rα) gene regions in human hosts with uncomplicated malaria.

Data description
Blood samples were obtained from a case-control study conducted at the Sogakope district hospital in the Volta region of Ghana. Thick blood films were made and used to detect the presence and levels of parasitaemia in the patient samples. Genotyping of IL-4 (150 C/T) and the IL-4Rα (Pro-478-Ser) polymorphisms in the promoter regions and receptor gene was performed using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) after DNA extraction. The data are useful in determining genetic polymorphisms (allele and genotypic frequencies) of IL-4 and its alpha receptor. In addition, they are useful when comparing levels of parasite density and haematological parameters between genotypic variants of IL-4 and IL-4Rα. These data contribute to our understanding of the genetic basis of malaria susceptibility, particularly in the population of the Volta region of Ghana.
A-posteriori analysis of the performance of a rockfall susceptibility map
Authors: Cignetti M. , Godone D. , Cardone D. , Giordan D. , Bertolo D. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Rockfalls pose a serious threat along the main road network, representing a major hazard in mountainous territory and causing damage and victims. Currently, susceptibility mapping represents a starting point to identify areas more susceptible to rockfall occurrence, a key approach in land use planning and risk management. Despite the extensive use of these maps by decision makers and administrators, the usability of such maps over time and their reliability represent a poorly discussed and examined feature.

Methods
Here, we proposed a-posteriori analysis of a three-year-old rockfall susceptibility map, generated along the main road network of the Aosta Valley, an alpine region of north-western Italy. To verify map consistency over time, we implemented a dual-analysis in GIS-environment and by text mining, to respectively analyse the geocoded data and textual information derivable from the regional landslide inventory. The first one allowed us to extract rockfall events occurred after the susceptibility map generation. By this way, we operated to spatially and temporally verify the map consistency. Jointly, the textual information reported in the Event Description Form, linked to each geocoded event, are being exploited. This allowed us to derive relevant information about occurred damage and their degree, presence of protective measures or secondary roads, i.e. involvement of, farm or forestry, road.

Results
The implemented approach allowed us to prove the quality of the previous map in terms of reliability, robustness and degree of fitting respect to the succession of rockfall occurrence over time. After only three years as many as 198 rockfall events have been occurred and collected since the map was generated. Particularly, 80% of rockfall fit with “high” and “very high” susceptibility classes, and pointed out large involvement of main roads in rockfall occurrence, representing the most affected target with damage to road pavement and vehicles, as well as a relevant involvement of existing rockfall barriers and of the dense network of forestry roads and footpaths that characterize this alpine region.

Results
The proposed approach representing a starting point in landslide susceptibility map verification and usability as valid instrument for a reliable land planning.
Exploring the role of riboflavin in swine well-being: a literature review
Authors: Shastak Yauheni , Pelletier Wolf 
Published: October 2024

AbstractRiboflavin (vitamin B2) is an essential B-vitamin crucial for the metabolism, development, and overall well-being of porcine species. As pig production intensifies, understanding the micronutrient needs of swine, particularly riboflavin, becomes increasingly vital. Riboflavin acts as a precursor for coenzymes involved in key redox reactions essential for energy production, growth, and immune regulation. Ariboflavinosis can disrupt metabolic functions, leading to impaired growth, reproductive issues, decreased feed efficiency, compromised immune function, ocular problems, and liver dysfunction. To ensure optimal growth and health, pig diets are consistently supplemented with riboflavin-enriched supplements. This review explores the diverse functions of riboflavin in swine metabolism, focusing on biochemical basics, metabolic pathways, riboflavin uptake and distribution, consequences of deficiency, and benefits of adequate intake. It emphasizes the need for optimized riboflavin supplementation strategies tailored to different production stages and environmental conditions. According to recommendations from four major breeding companies, the dietary riboflavin levels for swine are advised to range between 7.5 and 15 mg/kg for piglets, 3.5 to 8.0 mg/kg for finishing gilts and barrows, 4 to 10 mg/kg for gestating sows, and 5 to 10 mg/kg for lactating sows. Advances in precision nutrition, microbial production of riboflavin, and the development of functional feed additives are potential innovations to enhance swine health, growth performance, and sustainability. Comprehensive studies on the long-term effects of subclinical riboflavin deficiency and the broader health and welfare implications of supplementation are also needed. Addressing knowledge gaps and embracing future trends and innovations will be key to optimizing riboflavin supplementation and advancing the swine industry.
Post-translational modifications of fibrinogen: implications for clotting, fibrin structure and degradation
Authors: Nencini Francesca , Bettiol Alessandra , Argento Flavia Rita , Borghi Serena , Giurranna Elvira , Emmi Giacomo , Prisco Domenico , Taddei Niccolò , Fiorillo Claudia , Becatti Matteo 
Published: October 2024

AbstractFibrinogen, a blood plasma protein with a key role in hemostasis and thrombosis, is highly susceptible to post-translational modifications (PTMs), that significantly influence clot formation, structure, and stability. These PTMs, which include acetylation, amidation, carbamylation, citrullination, dichlorination, glycation, glycosylation, guanidinylation, hydroxylation, homocysteinylation, malonylation, methylation, nitration, oxidation, phosphorylation and sulphation, can alter fibrinogen biochemical properties and affect its functional behavior in coagulation and fibrinolysis. Oxidation and nitration are notably associated with oxidative stress, impacting fibrin fiber formation and promoting the development of more compact and resistant fibrin networks. Glycosylation and glycation contribute to altered fibrinogen structural properties, often resulting in changes in fibrin clot density and susceptibility to lysis, particularly in metabolic disorders like diabetes. Acetylation and phosphorylation, influenced by medications such as aspirin, modulate clot architecture by affecting fiber thickness and clot permeability. Citrullination and homocysteinylation, although less studied, are linked to autoimmune conditions and cardiovascular diseases, respectively, affecting fibrin formation and stability. Understanding these modifications provides insights into the pathophysiology of thrombotic disorders and highlights potential therapeutic targets. This review comprehensively examines the current literature on fibrinogen PTMs, their specific sites, biochemical pathways, and their consequences on fibrin clot architecture, clot formation and clot lysis.
Bioregulatory event extraction using large language models: a case study of rice literature
Authors: Yao Xinzhi , He Zhihan , Xia Jingbo 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe extraction of biological regulation events has been a key focus in the field of biomedical nature language processing (BioNLP). However, existing methods often encounter challenges such as cascading errors in text mining pipelines and limitations in topic coverage from the selected corpus. Fortunately, the emergence of large language models (LLMs) presents a potential solution due to their robust semantic understanding and extensive knowledge base. To explore this potential, our project at the Biomedical Linked Annotation Hackathon 8 (BLAH 8) investigates the feasibility of using LLMs to extract biological regulation events. Our findings, based on the analysis of rice literature, demonstrate the promising performance of LLMs in this task, while also highlighting several concerns that must be addressed in future LLM-based application in low-resource topic.
Theoretical frameworks used to inform qualitative mental health research: a focus on positivism, interpretivism and critical realism
Authors: Wells Imogen , Giacco Domenico 
Published: October 2024

SUMMARY
Qualitative research methods, defined as the collection and analysis of non-numerical data to understand concepts and experiences, are often used to inform mental health practice and policies. When utilising qualitative research methods, it is important that the researcher uses an explicit theoretical framework to guide the study. A theoretical framework informs how researchers engage with a topic or problem, report on their work with participants, describe key concepts and address assumptions within the research questions and procedures. In this article, we describe the basic concepts underpinning three of the most commonly used frameworks in mental health research: positivism, interpretivism and critical realism. We also describe how these theoretical frameworks may guide the qualitative process, including the theoretical and methodological approaches chosen and the ways in which these theoretical frameworks can be applied in practice. To enhance understanding of these frameworks, we include examples of how such frameworks can be used in qualitative mental health research.
CAMSAP3 forms dimers via its α-helix domain that directly stabilize non-centrosomal microtubule minus ends
Authors: Li Yuejia , Zhang Rui , Ren Jinqi , Chen Wei , Zhou Zhengrong , Xu Honglin , Li Dong , Cheng Haisu , Xie Qi , Ji Wei , Feng Wei , Liang Xin , Meng Wenxiang 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT
Microtubules are vital components of the cytoskeleton. Their plus ends are dynamic and respond to changes in cell morphology, whereas the minus ends are stable and serve a crucial role in microtubule seeding and maintaining spatial organization. In mammalian cells, the calmodulin-regulated spectrin-associated proteins (CAMSAPs), play a key role in directly regulating the dynamics of non-centrosomal microtubules minus ends. However, the molecular mechanisms are not yet fully understood. Our study reveals that CAMSAP3 forms dimers through its C-terminal α-helix; this dimerization not only enhances the microtubule-binding affinity of the CKK domain but also enables the CKK domain to regulate the dynamics of microtubules. Furthermore, CAMSAP3 also specializes in decorating at the minus end of microtubules through the combined action of the microtubule-binding domain (MBD) and the C-terminal α-helix, thereby achieving dynamic regulation of the minus ends of microtubules. These findings are crucial for advancing our understanding and treatment of diseases associated with non-centrosomal microtubules.
Emigracja zarobkowa Polaków do Szkocji. Społeczne i kulturowe konteksty adaptacji
Authors: Biernat Tomasz , Krakowiak Piotr , Leszniewski Tomasz 
Published: October 2024

The presented monograph is of an interdisciplinary nature, as it takes into account the historical, sociological, pedagogical and economic perspectives of Polish economic emigration in Scotland. It presents the specificity and socio-cultural and economic conditions of their adaptation to new conditions and problems related to it, as well as identity dilemmas resulting from functioning in a multicultural society. As the authors, we hope that the book will be of interest to emigration researchers, students of social sciences and people concerned with this issue,e.g. social politicians and social workers or activists of Polonia’s organisations. We tried to present the multidimensional world of contemporary emigrants and explain the reasons for their life choices. They are, to some extent, suspended between different realities, which they perceive, experience and value differently. Migration is always associated with an attempt to connect them and give them meaning.
Performance and safety of transparent postoperative dressings with silicone adhesive in daily practice on fragile skin
Authors: Degenhardt Andreas , Reinbold Thomas , Weinhardt Christoph 
Published: October 2024

Objective: Currently there is limited real-world research on the adhesion qualities, pain and clinical performance of specific silicone adhesives products, and their role in maintaining skin integrity and preventing medical adhesive-related skin injuries (MARSI). This paper presents a clinical evaluation of performance and safety parameters of two silicone adhesive dressings on lacerations or surgical wounds and the surrounding skin in daily practice on fragile skin. Method: An observational, prospective, multicentre, uncontrolled post-market clinical observational study with Leukomed T skin sensitive and Leukomed T plus skin sensitive (both BSN medical GmbH, Essity Group) was undertaken at three sites across Germany between June 2021 to November 2022. Inclusion parameters were acute wounds (surgical or laceration) in patients with at least one fragile skin condition. Endpoints included: the percentage of adhered dressing area seven days after application of the dressings; and evaluation of any signs of skin damage and erythema following dressing removal. Furthermore, self-reported patient pain, comfort during dressing wear, and the health professionals’ ease of dressing handling with gloves were assessed. Results: A total of 42 patients with fragile skin and surgical wounds (35 patients) or lacerations (7 patients) were recruited. Mean age was 78 years. There were no signs of erythema following dressing removal and no MARSI (skin stripping, blister, skin tears, maceration, irritant contact dermatitis or allergic dermatitis) occurred at removal after seven days of wear time. Data demonstrated a reliable wound coverage with sufficient adhesion without negatively affecting the periwound skin and wound improvement was observed in 94% of patients. The vast majority of patients reported minimal pain at removal, reduced wound pain and high satisfaction with wearing comfort. Health professionals found the dressings easy to apply and remove, even with gloved hands. Conclusion: The results of this real-world evidence showed effective and well-tolerated use of transparent dressings with silicone adhesive in patients with fragile skin. The dressings may reduce the risk of skin damage including MARSI, while providing patients a high wearing comfort and allowing an almost pain-free dressing change.
Plasmonic gold-enhanced GaAs for femtosecond laser generation
Authors: Li Xiang , Qiao Feihong , Dou Xinhe , Shi Yazhou , Lv Zhiguo 
Published: October 2024

Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) can significantly enhance the local electromagnetic fields, facilitating the interaction between light and matter at the nanoscale. However, its ultrafast photonics application in lasers remains unexplored, especially for femtosecond pulsed laser generation. In this work, we investigate the femtosecond pulse generation based on SPR-enhanced nonlinear absorption characteristics in GaAs for the first time, to the best of our knowledge. The gold nanoparticles (GNPs)+GaAs bilayer saturation absorber (SA) decorated on the tapered fiber generates a modulation depth of 2.02% and a saturable intensity of 3.13 MW/cm2. Stable mode-locked pulses can be obtained in an erbium-doped fiber cavity, as demonstrated here. The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the pulses is 75 dB and the shortest pulse duration can reach 384 fs, highlighting the potential of the SPR effect in manufacturing ultrafast optical devices.
Large-FoV 3D imaging of single-photon LiDAR at up to 12 km
Authors: Ye Wen-Long , Jiang Peng-Yu , Li Zheng-Ping , Li Yuxiao , Kong Xin-Wei , Xu Feihu 
Published: October 2024

Single-photon light detection and ranging (LiDAR) has emerged as a valuable technology for active imaging applications. The growing demand for wider applications has driven advancements in measurement range, imaging resolution, and field of view (FoV). Here, we present a high-resolution, large-FoV single-photon LiDAR system capable of panoramic imaging. The system employs continuous raster scanning with a single-photon detector array to achieve rapid measurements, while timing-based pixel segmentation ensures precise data organization. A histogram-folding-based data compression and reconstruction method was developed, resulting in a two-order-of-magnitude increase in processing speed during simulations while maintaining high image reconstruction quality. The experimental results demonstrated the system’s capacity for rapid, high-resolution, and large-FoV imaging, achieving a resolution of 7.2′′ across a 1.6∘×2.1∘ FoV (1052 × 803 pixels) for buildings up to 12 km, all captured and processed in just 10 min. This approach has great potential for use in environmental mapping and related fields.
Exploring and prioritizing content to include in a medication self-management toolkit for persons with spinal cord injury/dysfunction: A concept mapping approach
Authors: Cadel Lauren , El-Kotob Rasha , Hitzig Sander L. , McCarthy Lisa M. , Hahn-Goldberg Shoshana , Packer Tanya L. , Ho Chester H. , Patel Tejal , Cimino Stephanie R. , Lofters Aisha K. , Guilcher Sara J. T. 
Published: October 2024

Background
Adults with spinal cord injury/dysfunction (SCI/D) face challenges with medications they take to manage their secondary conditions (e.g., pain, urinary tract infections, autonomic dysreflexia). With many healthcare providers typically involved in care, there are additional challenges with care fragmentation and self-management. Prior research emphasized the desire for more support with medication self-management among this population.

Objective
To explore what content should be included in a medication self-management resource (i.e., toolkit) for adults with SCI/D, as well as considerations for delivery from the perspectives of adults with SCI/D, caregivers, healthcare providers, and representatives from community organizations.

Methods
A concept mapping study was conducted. Participants took part in one or more of three activities: brainstorming; sorting and rating; and mapping. Participants generated ideas about the content to include in a medication self-management toolkit. Participants sorted the statements into conceptual piles and assigned a name to each. All statements were rated on a five-point Likert-type scale on importance and realistic to include in the toolkit. Participants decided on the final cluster map, rearranged statements, and assigned a name to each cluster to create visual representations of the data.

Results
Forty-four participants took part in this study. The final map contained eight clusters: 1) information-sharing and communication; 2) healthcare provider interactions and involvement; 3) peer and community connections; 4) supports and services for accessing prescription medications and medication information; 5) information on non-prescription medication and medication supplies; 6) safety and lifestyle considerations; 7) general medication information; and 8) practical information and strategies related to medication-taking. Safety and lifestyle considerations was rated as the most important and realistic to include in the toolkit.

Conclusions
Given the limited tools to help adults with SCI/D with managing their medications, there is great potential to better support this population across all areas of medication self-management.