bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Obstacles and Strategy of Project Based Learning Implementation in Elementary School
Authors: Cintang Nyai , Setyowati Dewi Liesnoor , Handayani Sri Sularti Dewanti 
Published: April 2018

This study aims to: 1) examine the challenges teachers encounter in implementing project-based learning in 2013 curriculum, 2) to examine teachers’ strategies in integrating project-based learning in 2013 curriculum. This research finds several obstacles faced by teachers and strategies that can be done in the implementation of project-based learning, they are: 1) the obstacle in terms of students' capability can be overcome by familiarizing them to complete projects; 2) the obstacle in terms of indiscipline can be solved by optimizing the teacher's role as supervisor; 3) the time constraint is overcome by some alternative ways; 4) the obstacle in terms of equipment availability is addressed by modifying projects; 5) the obstacle in terms of student's inequality is overcome by forming propori sembang group; 6) the cost issues are resolved by using classroom cash or selecting projects suitable for the available resources. Another positive finding is that teachers should have the confidence and commitment in implementing project-based learning. Based on these results, it can be concluded that most teachers and even experienced teachers will experience difficulties and challenges when trying to implement project-based learning. However, experienced teachers have strategies to overcome obstacles, thus project-based learning can still be implemented.
Teacher Performance of the State Vocational High School Teachers in Surabaya
Authors: Kusumaningtyas Amiartuti , Setyawati Endang 
Published: April 2018

<p><strong>Teacher Performance of the State Vocational High School Teachers in Surabaya</strong></p> <p> </p> <p>Dr. Amiartuti Kusumaningtyas, MM</p> <p>Faculty of Economics, 17 Agustus 1945 University, Surabaya, Indonesia</p> <p>Email: amiartuti.k@gmail.com</p> <p><strong> </strong></p> <p><strong>Abstract</strong></p> <p>State Vocational High School Teacher is a professional educator with major duties to educate, teach, build, direct, coach, assess and evaluate learners on the vocational high school education. Teacher as a professional educator should has the academic qualification. Academic qualification required for a teacher is he or she at least should be educated of bachelor degree or diploma four.</p> <p>Fundamentaly, teacher performance is determined by the expertise and ability of teacher concerned. These achievement factor is so thick and so critical in its relation to competence, compensation, and also job satisfaction that may become the obstacle in the enhancement of teacher performance.</p> <p>Population in this research was the teachers of the State Vocational High School Teachers in Surabaya, amounted to 317, educated in bachelor degree or diploma four, had have service of minimal 5 years. Data analysis used the simple random sampling, structural equation model (SEM) analysis, by the assistance of PLS 2 software, conducted on 92 respondents and able to explain the effect of competence and compensation on the job satisfaction and the performance of the State Vocational High School Teachers in Surabaya.</p> <p>The results of research indicated that: Competence and compensation significantly influential on teacher job satisfaction; Competence and compensation significantly influential on teacher performance; Teacher Job satisfaction signifiacntly influential on the performance of the State Vocational High School Teachers in Surabaya.</p> <p>The largest effect of the three variables hipothesized on teacher performance in this research was the direct relatedness between compensation and teacher performance.</p> <p> </p> Key Words: competence, compensation, teacher job satisfaction, teacher performance
The Impact of Visual Impairment on Perceived School Climate
Authors: Schade Benjamin P. , Larwin Karen H 
Published: April 2018

The current investigation examines whether visual impairment has an impact on a student’s perception of the school climate. Using a large national sample of high school students, perceptions were examined for students with vision impairment relative to students with no visual impairments. Three factors were examined: self-reported level of happiness, perception of a positive school climate, and negative school affect. Results revealed no differences for the seeing and visually impaired students on self-reported happiness and perception of a positive school climate factors, however significant differences were found on the negative school affect factor. Additionally, gender was significantly related to the negative school affect factor.
The Potential Impact of Online/Distance Education for Students with Disabilities in Higher Education: Results from a Meta-Analytic Investigation and Existing Research
Authors: Erickson Matthew J. , Larwin Karen H. 
Published: April 2018

<p>The current investigation sought to understand if online and distance course offerings were providing a needed bridge to a post-secondary degree for students with disabilities. The results of this investigation suggest that there is an absence of empirical research on this topic in the existing published research. Results presented include findings from the K-12 data examining this impact, and the results from federal investigations on the prevalence of individuals with disabilities attending post-secondary institutions. </p>
Effect of Ability Grouping in Reciprocal Teaching Technique of Collaborative Learning on Individual Achievements and Social Skills
Authors: Sumadi Sumadi , Degeng I Nyoman S. , Sulthon Sulthon , Waras Waras 
Published: April 2018

This research focus on effects of ability grouping in reciprocal teaching technique of collaborative learning on individual achievements dan social skills. The results research showed that (1) there are differences in individual achievement significantly between high group of homogeneous, middle group of homogeneous, low group of homogeneous, and heterogeneous group in reciprocal teaching technique of collaborative learning, (2) there are differences in students social skills significantly between high group of homogeneous, middle group of homogeneous, low group of homogeneous, and heterogeneous group in reciprocal teaching technique of collaborative learning strategy. Based on the results of descriptive statistical analysis showed that individual achievements on high group of homogeneous turned out to mean the highest increase in the amount of 19.50, the second followed then a heterogeneous group with a mean increase of 15.00, the third then middle group of homogeneous with a mean increase of 13.50, and the lowest low group of homogeneous with a mean increase of 11.75; the social skills on high group of homogeneous showed mean the highest increase in the amount of 10.92, the second a heterogeneous group with a mean increase of 8.75, followed middle group of homogeneous with a mean increase of 8.55, and the lowest of the low group of homogeneous with a mean increase of 6.71.
Regional Variation in Attitude of Mental Health Professionals Towards Tackling Illicit Drug-use and Drug-related Disorders
Authors: Akinola Olubusayo , Kuo Wen-Hung , Oswald John , Obisesan Olawunmi 
Published: April 2018

This study sought to assess the attitudes of Mental Health Professionals (MHPs) towards tackling illicit drug use and drug-related disorders in Nigeria and to explore regional variations in attitude. Based on the validated Substance Abuse Attitude Survey (SAAS), a quantitative cross-sectional survey was conducted in a randomized sample of 292 MHPs practicing in neuropsychiatric hospitals and mental health departments of teaching hospitals from four geopolitical zones of Nigeria. A response rate of 81.1% was achieved. MHPs tended towards non-permissive, moralistic and stereotypic spectrum and exhibited distinctly defined attitude towards their professional role. The Kruskal-Wallis analysis established significant regional variation in the attitude of multidisciplinary MHPs, <em>H </em>(3)=18.727, <em>p</em>&lt; .0001 reflecting a stochastic domination across the region; therefore a step-down follow-up analysis was conducted. This analysis revealed that the distribution of attitude total-score varies significantly between the South-south and the Southwestern region (<em>p</em>&lt; .0001), the northeastern and southwestern region of the country (<em>p</em>&lt; .028). A holistic approach towards standardization of drug treatment and care that takes into consideration possible regional variation in attitudes of MHPs should be implemented to foster the reintegration and rehabilitation of drug-using populations into the mainstream society.
Affective Disorders in The Elderly: The Risk of Sleep Disorders
Authors: Rosa Eni Folendra , Rustiaty Nelly 
Published: April 2018

The purpose of this study is to look at the relationship of sleep disorders to the incidence of affective disorders. In addition, assess whether the relationship remains significant after controlled variable bullies that also affect the occurrence of sleep disorders and or affective disorders in elderly. Observational study with unmatched case control study design. Individual population age 60 years or older, sampling probability proportional to size, consist of case group that is experiencing sleep disturbance (n=165) and control group (n=330). Respondent sleep disturbance affective disorder 23.6%. There is a significant relationship of sleep disorders to affective disorders. Sleep disorders at risk 2.47 times affective disorder. Sleep disorders can be insomnia, awakening at night or waking up too early which can lead to psychological disorders such as psychological disorders such as anger, unstable emotions, sadness, distress, anxiety is also a physical disorder such as pain in the body. If not immediately addressed can continue to occur depression and even threaten psychiatric disorders. Further research needs to be done to overcome sleep disorders in the elderly.<p> </p>
Role of ADAMTS-5 in Aortic Dilatation and Extracellular Matrix Remodeling
Authors: Fava Marika , Barallobre-Barreiro Javier , Mayr Ursula , Lu Ruifang , Didangelos Athanasios , Baig Ferheen , Lynch Marc , Catibog Norman , Joshi Abhishek , Barwari Temo , Yin Xiaoke , Jahangiri Marjan , Mayr Manuel 
Published: April 2018

Objective—
Thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA), a degenerative disease of the aortic wall, is accompanied by changes in the structure and composition of the aortic ECM (extracellular matrix). The ADAMTS (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs) family of proteases has recently been implicated in TAA formation. This study aimed to investigate the contribution of ADAMTS-5 to TAA development.

Approach and Results—

A model of aortic dilatation by AngII (angiotensin II) infusion was adopted in mice lacking the catalytic domain of ADAMTS-5 (Adamts5
Δcat
). Adamts5
Δcat
mice showed an attenuated rise in blood pressure while displaying increased dilatation of the ascending aorta (AsAo). Interestingly, a proteomic comparison of the aortic ECM from AngII-treated wild-type and Adamts5
Δcat
mice revealed versican as the most upregulated ECM protein in Adamts5
Δcat
mice. This was accompanied by a marked reduction of ADAMTS-specific versican cleavage products (versikine) and a decrease of LRP1 (low-density lipoprotein-related protein 1). Silencing
LRP1
expression in human aortic smooth muscle cells reduced the expression of
ADAMTS5
, attenuated the generation of versikine, but increased soluble ADAMTS-1. A similar increase in ADAMTS-1 was observed in aortas of AngII-treated Adamts5
Δcat
mice but was not sufficient to maintain versican processing and prevent aortic dilatation.

Conclusions—
Our results support the emerging role of ADAMTS proteases in TAA. ADAMTS-5 rather than ADAMTS-1 is the key protease for versican regulation in murine aortas. Further studies are needed to define the ECM substrates of the different ADAMTS proteases and their contribution to TAA formation.
Noncanonical Matrix Metalloprotease 1–Protease-Activated Receptor 1 Signaling Drives Progression of Atherosclerosis
Authors: Rana Rajashree , Huang Tianfang , Koukos Georgios , Fletcher Elizabeth K. , Turner Susan E. , Shearer Andrew , Gurbel Paul A. , Rade Jeffrey J. , Kimmelstiel Carey D. , Bliden Kevin P. , Covic Lidija , Kuliopulos Athan 
Published: April 2018

Objective—
Protease-activated receptor-1 (PAR1) is classically activated by thrombin and is critical in controlling the balance of hemostasis and thrombosis. More recently, it has been shown that noncanonical activation of PAR1 by matrix metalloprotease-1 (MMP1) contributes to arterial thrombosis. However, the role of PAR1 in long-term development of atherosclerosis is unknown, regardless of the protease agonist.

Approach and Results—

We found that plasma MMP1 was significantly correlated (
R
=0.33;
P
=0.0015) with coronary atherosclerotic burden as determined by angiography in 91 patients with coronary artery disease and acute coronary syndrome undergoing cardiac catheterization or percutaneous coronary intervention. A cell-penetrating PAR1 pepducin, PZ-128, currently being tested as an antithrombotic agent in the acute setting in the TRIP-PCI study (Thrombin Receptor Inhibitory Pepducin-Percutaneous Coronary Intervention), caused a significant decrease in total atherosclerotic burden by 58% to 70% (
P
<0.05) and reduced plaque macrophage content by 54% (
P
<0.05) in apolipoprotein E–deficient mice. An MMP1 inhibitor gave similar beneficial effects, in contrast to the thrombin inhibitor bivalirudin that gave no improvement on atherosclerosis end points. Mechanistic studies revealed that inflammatory signaling mediated by MMP1–PAR1 plays a critical role in amplifying tumor necrosis factor α signaling in endothelial cells.

Conclusions—
These data suggest that targeting the MMP1–PAR1 system may be effective in tamping down chronic inflammatory signaling in plaques and halting the progression of atherosclerosis.
The Actions of Spirit and Appetite: Voluntary Motion in Galen
Authors: Trompeter Julia 
Published: April 2018

AbstractGalen is criticized for combining Plato’s tripartition-cum-trilocation of the soul, in which each part constitutes its own source of motivation, with the demand that the faculty of voluntary motion is limited to the rational part, being the only one located in the brain and having access to the relevant nerves. While scholars have concentrated on small nerves as connective organs, this paper focuses on thepneuma, blood and innate heat. When the latter is increased, the irrational parts can affect the brain’s function to such an extent that the rational part’s volitions are reduced to their own desires.
Personality and the retention of neophobic predator avoidance in wild caught Trinidadian guppies
Authors: Brown Grant E. , Chuard Pierre J.C. , Demers Ebony E.M. , Ramnarine Indar W. , Chivers Douglas P. , Ferrari Maud C.O. 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Neophobic predator avoidance allows prey to reduce the risk of predation but is costly in terms of reduced foraging or courtship opportunities if the novel cues do not represent an actual threat. Consequently, neophobic responses to novel cues should wane with repeated exposures in the absence of an actual threat. We tested the prediction that individual personality traits shape the retention of neophobic predator avoidance in wild-caught guppies. Using extinction trials, we demonstrate that personality (measured as latency to escape or approach a novel object) did not influence the initial response of wild-caught Trinidadian guppies to a novel odour; bolder and shyer guppies both exhibited similarly strong avoidance responses. However, after several exposures, shyer guppies maintain an avoidance response, and bolder guppies no longer respond. Our results highlight the complex nature of the antipredator algorithm of prey, whereby past experience, acute risk, and individual tactics shape neophobic predator avoidance patterns.
Steps toward an Integrated Approach to Hydrometeorological Forecasting Services*
Authors: Zevin Susan F. 
Published: April 2018

In the 23 years since Hurricane Camille devastated Virginia with 27 inches of rain in 24 hours, a major area targeted for hydrometeorological forecast service improvements has been flood and flash flood forecasting. The first attempts to tackle the problems were event driven. Numerous poststorm analyses led to the definition of meteorological criteria often associated with various types of major flash flood–producing rainfall situations. Individual forecast offices attempted to use these techniques with inconsistent success. Additionally, verification was not carried out on a routine or systematic basis.
In 1979, the National Weather Service (NWS) Eastern Region began to encourage its offices to use precipitation forecasts routinely to anticipate critical flood conditions, rather than awaiting observations of rainfall. However, the implementation of a broadscale programmatic approach to the routine operational use of quantitative precipitation forecasting faced numerous hurdles. Complexities ran the gamut of operational problems; and broadscale efforts to implement the program floundered. At the same time, public and private sector users continued to request more accurate information with better lead time for response. Academic studies showed that in order to gain enough lead time for effective decision making and response, it is essential to incorporate the uncertainty of the precipitation forecast into flood forecast operations.
Within the last five years, the NWS once again introduced the possibility of a disciplined, systematic, scientific application of these ideas in the field of operational forecasting. The NWS modernization has afforded the vehicle to implement these concepts operationally. In parallel, NWS forecasters and university researchers have collaborated on probabilistic approaches to the rainfall forecast problem, integrating theory, method, process, and operations.
Based on 20 years of progressive learning and operational experience, the NWS now has the tools, the understanding, and the scientific and operational capabilities to expand the efforts nationally.
Coastal Meteorology and Oceanography: Report of the Third Prospectus Development Team of the U.S. Weather Research Program to NOAA and NSF
Authors: Rotunno Richard , Pietrafesa Leonard J. , Allen John S. , Colman Bradley R. , Dorman Clive M. , Kreitzberg Carl W. , Lord Stephen J. , McPhee Miles G. , Mellor George L. , Mooers Christopher N. K. , Niiler Pearn P. , Pielke Roger A. , Powell Mark D. , Rogers David P. , Smith James D. , Xie Lian 
Published: April 2018

U.S. Weather Research Program (USWRP) prospectus development teams (PDTs) are small groups of scientists that are convened by the USWRP lead scientist on a one-time basis to discuss critical issues and to provide advice related to future directions of the program. PDTs are a principal source of information for the Science Advisory Committee, which is a standing committee charged with the duty of making recommendations to the Program Office based upon overall program objectives. PDT-1 focused on theoretical issues, and PDT-2 on observational issues; PDT-3 is the first of several to focus on more specialized topics. PDT-3 was convened to identify forecasting problems related to U.S. coastal weather and oceanic conditions, and to suggest likely solution strategies.
There were several overriding themes that emerged from the discussion. First, the lack of data in and over critical regions of the ocean, particularly in the atmospheric boundary layer, and the upper-ocean mixed layer were identified as major impediments to coastal weather prediction. Strategies for data collection and dissemination, as well as new instrument implementation, were discussed. Second, fundamental knowledge of air–sea fluxes and boundary layer structure in situations where there is significant mesoscale variability in the atmosphere and ocean is needed. Companion field studies and numerical prediction experiments were discussed. Third, research prognostic models suggest that future operational forecast models pertaining to coastal weather will be high resolution and site specific, and will properly treat effects of local coastal geography, orography, and ocean state. The view was expressed that the exploration of coupled air-sea models of the coastal zone would be a particularly fruitful area of research. PDT-3 felt that forecasts of land-impacting tropical cyclones, Great Lakes-affected weather, and coastal cyclogenesis, in particular, would benefit from such coordinated modeling and field efforts. Fourth, forecasting for Arctic coastal zones is limited by our understanding of how sea ice forms. The importance of understanding air-sea fluxes and boundary layers in the presence of ice formation was discussed. Finally, coastal flash flood forecasting via hydrologic models is limited by the present accuracy of measured and predicted precipitation and storm surge events. Strategies for better ways to improve the latter were discussed.
A Two-Layer Model for Steady-Amplitude Gravity Waves and Convection Generated by a Thermal Forcing
Authors: Sayed A. A. M. , Campbell L. J. 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
A two-dimensional two-layer mathematical model is described representing internal gravity waves and convection generated by a thermal forcing in the lower atmosphere. The model consists of an upper layer with stable stratification, a lower layer with unstable stratification, and a thermal forcing in the form of a nonhomogeneous term in the energy conservation equation. Exact analytical solutions are derived for some simple configurations. Depending on the vertical location and depth of the thermal forcing, the model can be used to represent different configurations in which gravity waves are generated by diabatic heating. When the thermal forcing is centered in the lower layer, convective cells are generated in the lower layer, and gravity waves are forced and propagate upward from the interface between the two layers. When the thermal forcing is centered at the interface, the convection in the lower layer is weaker, and gravity waves are forced by the direct effect of the thermal forcing in the upper layer and the influence of the convective cells below. Steady-amplitude solutions for the vertical profile of the gravity waves and convection are derived and generalized to include cases where there is a spectrum of horizontal wavenumbers or vertical wavenumbers or frequencies present.