bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Secondary science teachers' conceptualizations and modifications to support equitable participation in a co‐designed computational thinking lesson
Authors: Levy Marissa , Peel Amanda , Zhao Lexie , LaGrassa Nicholas , Horn Michael S. , Wilensky Uri 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIncreasing access to computational ideas and practices is one important reason to integrate computational thinking (CT) in science classrooms. While integrating CT into science classrooms broadens exposure to computing, it may not be enough to ensure equitable participation in the science classroom. Equitable participation is crucial because providing students with an environment in which they are able to fully engage and participate in science and computing practices empowers students to learn and continue pursuing CT and science. To foreground equitable participation in CT‐integrated curricula, we undertook a research project in which researchers and teachers examined teacher conceptualizations of equitable participation and how teachers design for equitable participation by modifying a lesson that introduces computational modeling in science. The following research questions guided the study: (1) What are teachers' conceptualizations of equitable participation? (2) How do teachers design for equitable participation through co‐design of a CT‐integrated unit? Our findings suggest that teachers conceptualized and designed for equitable participation in the context of a CT‐integrated curriculum across three primary dimensions: accessibility, inclusion, and relevancy. Our contributions to the field of science teaching and learning are twofold: (1) obtaining an initial understanding of how teachers think about and design for equitable participation is crucial in order to support teachers in their pursuit of creating equitable learning experiences for CT and science learners, and (2) our findings show that we can study teacher conceptualizations and their design choices by examining specific modifications to a CT‐integrated science curriculum. Implications are discussed.
Review on progress in synthesis of CdS‐based composites and their potential applications
Authors: Ta Qui Thanh Hoai , Nhiem Ly Tan , Oanh Doan Thi Yen , Hieu Nguyen Huu , Nguyen Phan Khanh Thinh 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn recent times, there has been a growing interest among materials communities in functional nanomaterials. This paper aims to explore the fundamental advancements in the role of Cadmium sulfide (CdS) in photoelectrochemical water splitting, CO2 conversion, photocatalytic H2 conversion, photovoltaic devices, and gas sensors. Additionally, we provide a summary of key points and propose avenues for advancing research on CdS‐based composites.
Introduction
Authors: Gárdos-Orosz Fruzsina , Bán-Forgács Nóra 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe introduction chapter provides an overview of the Hungarian constitutional system from 2010 until today. This system is best characterized by populist constitutionalism. We argue that the resilience of the Hungarian legal system suffered hardly irreplaceable damages from 2010, mostly due to the cumulative effect of external impacts (Coronavirus crisis, financial crises, migration crises, war in Ukraine etc.) coupled with decesive internal factors such as the populist term and its new constitutional order. In our chapter, we mainly focus on the role of emergency powers in the new constitutional order.We have three central points. First, the entitlement to impose emergency powers has been overused and, by and large, misused in Hungary. Even today, the integrity of the legal system is attacked by subsequently prolonged state of emergency regulations relying on a permanent state of emergency eroding democratic processes.Second, we argue that populist constitutionalism during the Coronavirus crisis resulted in the lack of legal certainty: the rapidly increasing number of legislations had a counter effect of maintaining the rule of law standards. Thirdly, in this introductory chapter, we argue that rapid, effective, and (often uncensored) lawmaking is not an unheard reaction to international crises. However, when they appear to be only a façade that enables populist constitutionalism to eliminate checks and balances, the rule of law and democracy are at high risk.
The Resilience of the Hungarian Court System Between 2012 and 2020
Authors: Bencze Mátyás 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn this chapter, I will first outline the political challenges the Hungarian court system has faced since 2010 and also present the characteristics of the organizational setting of the administration of justice, which has been a decisive factor in the response to those challenges. I will then turn to a discussion of how the relationship between the political system and the courts has changed since 2010. Using statistical methods and content analysis, I will prove the hypothesis that sporadic governmental expressions of opinion on certain judicial decisions before 2010 have been replaced by the systematic assertion of the interests of political power in public communication to the courts since the change of government in 2010. I will then describe the reactions of the domestic judicial leadership and use content analysis to identify the extent and nature of the reactions and how the strength of the resistance has changed over time. Finally, I draw conclusions about the factors that influence the preservation of the resilience of the judiciary.
Navigating Shifting Narratives of Terrorism and Resilience: The Spanish Case
Authors: Magazzini Tina , Eleftheriadou Marina , Triandafyllidou Anna 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSpain was the first European country to suffer a large-scale jihadist attack on its territory—the 2004 train bombings in Madrid claimed by Al-Qaeda. Yet Spanish society’s response at that time, as well as in 2017 following the terrorist attacks in Barcelona, did not embrace a traditional securitised ‘War on Terror’ approach, but rather invested significant resources in engaging civil society in its P/CVE programmes. This chapter investigates why this is so and how we can understand the relatively low polarisation levels in Spain between the institutions, majority society, and Muslim minorities.
A Southern European Exceptionalism? Opening the Debate
Authors: Magazzini Tina , Eleftheriadou Marina , Triandafyllidou Anna 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis chapter brings the threads of the previous ones together and compares among them. It reflects on how Italy, Greece, and Spain have been exceptional in their own way and the reasons why. Starting with a comparative overview of the different approaches that each country has adopted, we turn to discuss the possible explanations for each type of exceptionalism and weave them together in relation to our analytical framework of factors facilitating or impeding violent radicalisation. In conclusion, we consider the lessons learnt from the southern European dynamics that can contribute to our broader understanding of why and how violent religiously inspired radicalisation develops and how communities can prevent or address it.
Impact of Meteorological Disasters and Climate Change on Agricultural Economic Growth: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Hu Jingyuan , Ji Hongmin , Zhao Jinpeng 
Published: November 2024

AbstractExisting research findings on how climate disasters and change affect agricultural economic growth are not entirely consistent. In order to explore the general law, more than 600 estimates are incorporated to analyze the sources of bias in the variability of the research results, and summarize the general pattern of climate disasters and change impacts on agricultural economic growth by using Meta-analysis. It is based on five aspects of data, including the caliber of economic statistics, meteorological variations, irrigation situations, adaptive measures adoptions, and regional development situations. The results show that: First, meteorological disasters and climate change have a significant impact on agricultural economy, and publication bias is not significant. Second, whether irrigation has a significant impact on agricultural economy, game theory should be used to plan irrigation facilities reasonably in the context of climate change. Third, extreme weather causes more significant agricultural economic losses than meteorological disasters, and future research can further refine extreme weather data indicators.
Technical Strategies for Low-Cost Adaptive Renovation of Traditional Dong Ethnic Group Residences in Southeast Guizhou
Authors: Xie Sisi , Huang Mei , Zhan Linxin , Wang Zhengyang 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe Dong ethnic residences in Southeast Guizhou constitute a significant part of China's traditional architectural cultural heritage. As times have progressed, these predominantly wooden structures are facing numerous issues related to the quality of living environments and housing safety performance. The flammability of the original fir wood used in construction, combined with the introduction of modern electrical appliances and non-standardized electrical usage, poses a significant fire hazard. Additionally, inadequate natural lighting, ventilation, sound insulation, and functional layout do not meet the demands of modern life. The emergence of disordered modifications and constructions that disrupt the traditional character of the villages represents a considerable challenge to the preservation of these traditional settlements and rural revitalization. This paper is based on the premise of limited funding for support and aims to address the issues of fire prevention, structural safety, lighting, ventilation, sound insulation, moisture proofing, and functional layout. It considers the common needs of villagers, local resources, and current market conditions to research and develop targeted technical measures for enhancement and renovation. It also summarizes and reflects on the designs implemented in selected demonstrative households to improve the living environment quality for villagers, preserve regional traditional culture, and contribute to the revitalization of rural culture.
Energy Saving of City Road Tunnel Lighting Based on Optimal Luminaire Installation Method
Authors: Cai Xianyun , Jiang Zhengyang , Wu Jiang , Zhang Yuanxu 
Published: November 2024

AbstractEnergy saving strategy of highway tunnel lighting mainly concentrated on shading facilities at tunnel entrances and exits, lighting intelligent control systems and lighting design methods. The contrast revealing coefficient qc is widely recognized as a key index used to assess the quality of tunnel lighting. The optimal values of the contrast revealing coefficient are associated with the optimal visual effecicy in tunnel lighting. This study aimed to give a new energy saving strategy based on optimal luminaire installation methods. Light Emitting Diode lamps (LED) were selected in tunnel lighting simulation experiment. The optimal luminaire installation method was determined by considering both the lighting quality evaluation system and the optimal value of the contrast revealing coefficient. Then, the lighting conditions achieved through the optimal luminaire installation method can be assessed based on the detection distance of small targets. Results showed that lighting environment under optimal luminaire installation method can fulfill the criteria for safe driving and visual comfort. Compared with the original luminaire installation method, the optimal luminaire installation method can save 24.32% of electrical energy.
Enhancing Facade Design to Improve Energy Efficiency of Office Towers in the Hot and Humid Climate Region (Case Study: Bandung, Indonesia)
Authors: Paramita Beta , Nurlette Muhammad Rabbani , Hanissa Aprilia Nurul 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPerformance Based Design (PBD) makes the design process easier to achieve optimal energy efficiency in office towers. Building performance is impacted by various factors, including decisions related to the shape of the building, its orientation, the building envelope, and the building façade. This study aims to determine the building energy consumption by applying the office building's secondary skin during the hottest season in the hot and climate region. A design solution was obtained by utilizing Sefaira with ASHRAE 90.1 – 2013-based parameters for the building performance analysis application. Building in the hot and humid climate region requires energy for cooling due to the long solar durations. The building facade then is the main architectural element that needs to design properly. Facade design, including the building height, orientation, shadowing, and wall window ratio, define the use of electric devices per square meter. The results showed the building's energy use before the special treatment was 126 kWh/m2/yr from the supposed 79 kWh/m2/yr. The design process that responds to the climate will then influence the building form and massing. It is the initial step for building envelope before requiring mechanical assistance to achieve thermal comfort. The design experiment later takes a 3-m-long balcony for all facades, reduce envelope area with compact form have proven to reduce the building energy use. Those experiments later found able to reduce energy use to 57 kWh/m2/yr or 69 kWh/m2/yr obtained.
Impact of Climate Change and Human Activities on Ecosystem Health in the Poyang Lake City Group, China
Authors: Chen Yaoyao , Zheng Xiang , Duo Linghua , Zeng Yi , Guo Xiaofei 
Published: November 2024

AbstractEcosystem health refers to a state where the interactions and relationships among the internal components of an ecosystem and its external environment are in a balanced and stable condition. A healthy ecosystem can maintain its structure and functions, possessing the capacity for self-regulation, self-repair, and resilience to external disturbances. This study constructed an assessment framework for ecosystem health based on the PSR model. It evaluated the ecosystem health of the PLCG in 2010, 2015, and 2020, exploring the impacts of climate change and human activities. The results indicate a declining trend in the EHI from 2010 to 2020, with most regions falling into the medium level. Precipitation and land use were identified as dominant factors influencing ecosystem health, and the interactions between any two influencing factors enhanced the variability in ecosystem health. This research contributes to expanding scientific understanding of the Earth's ecosystems, providing a foundation for further developments in the field of ecology. By deeply understanding the influencing factors on ecosystem health, it can accurately identify potential ecological risks and promptly take measures to prevent or mitigate these risks, providing important scientific basis for formulating environmental policies and management strategies.
Measurement and Evaluation Efficiency of Ecological and Economic in the Upstream Region of the Yangtze River
Authors: Wu Silin , Wang Dachuan 
Published: November 2024

AbstractEcological and economic efficiency level analysis is an effective means to evaluating and improving energy efficiency and resource utilization, and actively respond to climate change. This research gathered data from the three provinces and one directly-administered municipality in upstream region of the Yangtze River between 2011 and 2020. The data encompassing a total of 33 prefecture-level cities. Subsequently, an index system for evaluating ecological-economic efficiency was established, and the static and dynamic two-dimensional analysis of eco-economic efficiency was carried out by Super-efficiency DEA model and Malmquist index model. Two main conclusions have been found. Firstly, the eco-economic efficiency all below 1, level in the upstream region of the Yangtze River is relatively low, but the trend is increasing. Among them, Sichuan's ecological and economic efficiency is better than that of Chongqing, Yunnan, and Guizhou. Secondly, the average MI index in the upstream region of the Yangtze River is greater than 1, indicating a clear upward shift in ecological and economic efficiency. Technological progress (TC) is the dominant factor in promoting efficiency improvement. Tailoring strategies to local conditions, enhancing technological innovation, can effectively promote the enhancement of ecological economic efficiency, thereby steering development towards a green and low-carbon direction.
Impact of Residential Land Use Function Mix on Residents’ Travel Behavior from the Perspective of Carbon Emissions: A Case Study of Gaoshui District in Mianyang, China
Authors: Zhao Chunrong , Yan Li , Fu Juanlin , Peng Huiyun , He Yanling , Wang Xiaolan , Yi Yanping , Li Jiaxin , Hai Guoyang , Feng Wenyan 
Published: November 2024

AbstractResidential areas, as the main places for urban population activities, are the basic spatial units for reducing carbon emissions. The mix of residential land use functions is closely related to residents’ daily travel. This paper takes the Gaoshui district of Mianyang city as an example, uses carbon emissions as a measurement tool, constructs a family travel carbon emission quantitative estimation model and a land use function mix calculation model, compares and analyzes the differences in residents’ travel behavior in each sample area, and uses a linear regression model to analyze the impact of function mix on residents’ travel behavior. The results show that there are spatial differences in residents’ shopping, entertainment, medical treatment, commuting and other travel behaviors in the 12 sample areas; the function mix has no significant impact on family commuting carbon emissions, but has a significant negative impact on non-commuting carbon emissions, and mixed development of residential areas has a positive significance for reducing carbon emissions.
Study on Vertical Greening Technology for Enhancing Environmental Performance of Existing Public Buildings in High-Density Mountainous Cities
Authors: Wu Jing , Cheng Xiang , Dong Lili 
Published: November 2024

AbstractTo enhance the applicability of stereoscopic greening technology for the renovation of existing public buildings in high-density mountainous urban areas, this study conducted on-site investigations in a typical high-density mountainous urban area of Chongqing. This study collected data on the application of vertical greening technology in urban public buildings and analyzed the suitability of various vertical greening technologies for the renovation of public buildings. The results indicate that modular vertical greening is currently more suitable for the renovation of public buildings in such cities; however, further optimization is needed in terms of the overall compatibility, stability of modular units, and adaptability of modular plants to the local environment. This study can provide a theoretical basis for the feasibility of adopting vertical greening retrofitting for public buildings in high-density mountainous cities, and provide a reference for the planning and sustainable development of such cities.
Thermal Comfort in Pedestrian Spaces of Mountain Cities in Humid and Cold Environments
Authors: Xiong Ke , Attia Shady , He Bao-Jie 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to explore the microclimate and outdoor thermal comfort characteristics of pedestrian spaces in mountain cities under humid and cold conditions. It focused on rainy and cloudy winter days in a typical mountain city (Chongqing), employing a combination of onsite thermal environment measurements and survey questionnaires. The research analyzed the Thermal Sensation Votes (TSV), thermal comfort evaluation indices (Universal Thermal Climate Index—UTCI, Physiological Equivalent Temperature—PET), and thermal environment parameters at representative sites. The findings revealed that firstly, outdoor thermal comfort and perception on cloudy winter days was minimally influenced by the microclimate. In contrast, on rainy winter days, it was significantly impacted by black globe temperature and wind speed. Secondly, the correlation between PET and Mean Thermal Sensation Vote (MTSV) was found to be higher than that between UTCI and MTSV, indicating that PET might be more aligned with the local climate and pedestrian activities. Lastly, the study determined the neutral PET range for different weather conditions in the area and compared it with existing research to identify discrepancies. This paper offers a reference for the neutral thermal comfort range in pedestrian spaces in regions with hot summers and cold winters under humid and cold winter climates, providing theoretical support for urban planning and design, with an emphasis on the results being presented in the past tense to reflect completed experiments.
Evaluation of High-Resolution Model Heavy Rainfall Forecast Under Different Weather Systems
Authors: Liu Jing , Ren Chuan , Zhao Ziqi , Dong Wei , Wang Yue , Ren Hao , Zhang Shuai 
Published: November 2024

AbstractUsing hourly rainfall data from the meteorological big data cloud platform and based on the fuzzy verification neighborhood method, the forecast performance of the China Meteorological Administration's North China Numerical Forecast Model System (CMA-BJ), China Meteorological Administration's Mesoscale Weather Numerical Forecast System (CMA-MESO), and the Ruitu Northeast Numerical Forecast Model System (CMA-DB) during the rainfall process in the main flood season of Liaoning from 2022 to 2023 was evaluated. The results show that without considering the bias within a radius of 40 km, the average hit rate of the model forecast during the Northeast cold vortex rainfall process is below 0.8%, with a maximum of 3.94%. The success rate of the three models’ 12-h forecasts is higher than 24 h, with an average of 14.5%. During the subtropical high rainfall process, the hit rate and TS score of all times of the three models are below 9%, with a maximum of 8.2%. The forecast effect during the typhoon rainstorm process is significantly better than the Northeast cold vortex and subtropical high rainstorm, with an average hit rate of 3.2%, and the false alarm rate of short-term heavy rainfall forecast at the near moment is high. When short-term heavy rainfall is caused by the influence of systems such as the upper trough, the average hit rate of the model forecast is only 1.54%. In all types of rainfall processes, a comprehensive analysis of indicators such as the success rate of the forecast shows that the CMA-MESO model forecast effect is better than the other two models.