bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
RP-HPLC METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION FOR SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF ASPIRIN AND OMEPRAZOLE IN BULK AND DOSAGE FORM
Authors: Sarode Tukaram K , Jadhav Prerana B 
Published: September 2018

RP-HPLC method was developed for the determination of Omeprazole (OME) & Aspirin (ASP) in bulk and dosage form. Mobile phase use for the separation of OME & ASP is methanol and 0.05%OPA in water (pH= 3.5) with ratio of 60:40. The Colum used as C18 (Cosmosil) 4.6×150mm and flow rate 0.7mL/min. UV detector is used and the detection wavelength is 231nm. Retention time of OME and ASP are 4.61 & 8.03 min, respectively. This method was validated as per ICH guidelines. Linearity was observed at 10-50µg/mL of OME and 20-100µg/mL of ASP. The % RSD is found to be less than 2%.The resolution between OME and ASP is 11.55 and the tailing factors of both are less than 2.0.Therotical plates for OME and ASP are 5060, and 9367, respectively. Total run time is 15min. The developed RP-HPLC method was accurate, precise, selective and rapid for simultaneous estimation of Omeprazole and Aspirin in the pharmaceutical dosage form.”
Keyword: Omeprazole, Aspirin, RP-HPLC validation.
LYOPHILIZED INJECTION: A MODERN APPROACH OF INJECTABLE DOSAGE FORM
Authors: Sheena U , Parthiban KG , Selvakumar R 
Published: September 2018

Now-a-days, lyophilized injection dosage form is extensively used to improve the bioavailability, stability, solubility and patient compliance. The lyophilized injection has considered as alternative to oral solid dosage forms for better patient compliance especially in bed ridden patients and for attaining maximum bioavailability, improved stability. The lyophilized injection reconstitute before injection to produce liquid injection. This review includes a detailed updated concept on lyophilized injection.
Keywords: Lyophilized injection, parenteral, freeze drying
QUERCETIN NANOPARTICLES REPRESSED LIVER AND BRAIN TOXICITIES INDUCED BY TARTRAZINE IN RATS
Authors: Eman G. Mohamed , Ibrahim M. Abo-laila , Hassan A.M. Hendawy , Ebtehal Mohammad F 
Published: September 2018

Tartrazine (TZ) is an azobenzene artificial yellow dye for foods, drugs, and cosmetics. Quercetin is member of the flavonoid family. The current study investigated the protective effect of quercetin nanoparticles (QNPs) against TZ. Male albino rats were divided into group1: control, group 2: TZ (50 mg/kg), group 3: QNPs (5 mg/kg), and group 4: QNPs+TZ. The results of the present study revealed that, the oral administration of TZ dye caused a significantly increased liver biomarkers. Also, a marked effect on lipid profile and blood parameters were shown. In addition TZ induced an elevation in the examined oxidative stress biomarkers and decrease in glutathione peroxidases and acetylcholine esterase. TZ diminished exploration and rearing in open field test as well as elevation in GABA content and apoptosis as well as changes in tissues by histopathological examination. In fact, the results showed good influence of QNPs in improving injuries associated with TZ administration.
Keywords: Tartrazine Dye, Quercetin Nanoparticles, Liver-Brain injuries.
FORMULATION DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF pH TRIGGERED IN SITU OPHTHALMIC GEL OF BESIFLOXACIN HYDROCHLORIDE
Authors: Waghulde Vishakha , Saudagar Ravindranath 
Published: September 2018

The aim of the present work was to formulation and evaluation of pH Triggered in-situ Ophthalmic Gel of Besifloxacin Hydrochloride to overcome the drawbacks obtained by conventional eye drop. There are two independent variables were used i.e. Carbopol 934 and HPMC K100. Carbopol 934 were used as gelling agent and HPMC K100 were used as bioadhesive polymer. Besifloxacin Hydrochloride shows activity against a wide range of Gram-positive and negative ocular pathogens: examples are Corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum, Moraxella lacunata, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Streptococcus salivarius. The in situ gelling system involves sol-to-gel transition in the cul-de-sac upon instillation to avoid pre corneal elimination. The formulations were prepared by 32 factorial design. The prepared formulations were evaluated for clarity, pH, viscosity, Bioadhesive strength of gel, gel strength gel, Drug Content, In-vitro Drug Release Study, Antibacterial Activity, Isotonicity Evaluation, HET-CAM Test and stability studies. The drug content was in the range of 97-99.57 %. Formulation F5 selected as optimized on the basis of evaluation. It shows highest drug release upto 8hrs. It shows good antibiotic activity against Staphylococcus aureus. The optimized formulation was isotonic with blood cells. It passes sterility test. The optimized formulation passes the ocular irritancy test i.e. HET-CAM Test. The formulation kept for the stability study for 3 months. Short term stability study indicates that room temperature 400±20 was appropriate storage condition for formulations.
Keywords: pH Triggered, bioadhesive polymer, Carbopol 934, HPMC K100, HET-CAM Test, Antibacterial Activity.
TARGETED NANOTECHNOLOGY FOR ANTICANCER DRUG DELIVERY: CURRENT ISSUE AND CHALLENGE
Authors: Kumar Manish , Sharma Hemant K. 
Published: September 2018

The main aim of nonmaterials is optimization on site of action at tumors cells as well least toxicity by its formulation. Only to progress the biodistribution of neoplasia drugs, nanoparticles are designed for optimal size and surface individuality to expand their flow time within the blood circulation. They are also proficient to carry their laden active drugs to cancer cells by using the single functional changes of tumors, as like their improved permeability and preservation result and the tumor microenvironment. In this study report, we have discussed the current status of nanoparticles developed as targeting delivery systems for anticancer drugs.
Keywords: Cancer, Drug Delivery, Nanomedicine, Chemotherapy, Liposome
EFFECT OF METOSARTAN ON MALE REPRODUCTIVE POTENTIAL IN NORMAL AND HYPERTENSION INDUCED RATS
Authors: Beeram Eswari 
Published: September 2018

Hypertension is one of the long term medical problems in world leading to mortality of 18% globally. Epigenetic modifications like gene regulation, DNA histone modification and methylation patterns are mostly affected during Hypertension condition and need to be carefully monitored. So, metosartan is the one of the antihypertensive drug used to study its effects on genome especially in invivo condition. Metosartan doesn’t affect the chromatin integrity in hypertensive rats but reduces the sperm count drastically and reaches up to zero at 1.25mg/ml concentration. Majorly the drug affects the sperm count but not the maturation of sperm. In hypertension condition the sperms are aggregated in to complex where as in metosartan treated group invitro lead to severe looping of sperms and resulted in formation of apoptotic bodies. In normal rats excessive DNA fragmentation is seen in metosartan treated group and treatment with RNase A along with metosartan invitro restored the chromatin integrity but failed to give promisive results in invivo condition. So, study of genome integrity in hypertensive patients treated with metosartan is compulsory as it affects chromatin integrity adversely in invitro condition in normal rats.
Keywords: Hypertension, Genome integrity, Azoospermia, Teratozoospermia, Metosartan
RASAVAHA SROTAS AND THEIR PHYSIOLOGICAL IMPORTANCE: AN AYURVEDA REVIEW
Authors: Husain Mariya 
Published: September 2018

Srotas are channels or pores which provides nourishment to the whole body and responsible for some particular function with respect to specific body parts. The Ayurveda samhitas described anatomical and physiological concepts of srotas broadly. Srotas mainly regulates process of circulation in human body. The srotas not only perform various functions but disturbance in srotas may also impart some pathological manifestation, therefore it is very essential to understand physiological concepts of srotas. This article presenting ayurveda perspective of Rasa vaha srotasa and their physiological considerations.
Keywords: Ayurveda, Srotas, Rasa vaha srotasa, Dhatu, Circulation.
HERBS AS TRADITIONAL MEDICINES: A REVIEW
Authors: Parkash Jyoti , Prasad DN , Shahnaz Mohammad , Dev Dhruv 
Published: September 2018

Ayurveda is believed to have originated over 6000 years ago It was designed to promote good health and long life rather than to fight disease and was practiced by physicians and surgeons (called Bheshaja or vaidya) but recently herbal medicine have attracted much attention as alternative medicines useful for treating or preventing life-style related disorders. Herbs are the nature’s gift to human being to make disease free well life. The diverse tradition of India is a prosperous source of traditional medicines, many of which are of plant origin. Herbal medicines refers to the use of any plant’s seeds, berries, roots, leaves, bark or flowers for medicinal purpose. There are different sources of drug. Broadly speaking, there are two sources of drug namely synthetic and natural. Many drugs used in medicine today are developed by chemical synthesis. A recognized number of drugs are obtained from natural sources. The most important natural sources of drugs are (1) higher plants, (2) microbes, (3) animals and (4) marine organisms.
Keywords: Ayurveda, Traditional medicines, higher plants, microbes, marine organisms
EVALUATION OF LEARNING AND MEMORY ENHANCING ACTIVITY OF COCCINIA GRANDIS FRUITS IN RATS
Authors: Yashashwini YC 
Published: September 2018

Objectives: To assess the learning and memory enhancing activity of the Coccinia grandis fruits in rats using Elevated plus maze (EPM), Hebb-William maze (HWM) and Morris water maze (MWM ) and to evaluate brain Acetylcholine esterase activity, lipid peroxidation, Superoxide dismutase, Catalase, Glutathione.
Materials and methods: Wistar rats (100-150 gm) of either sex, were divided into 5 groups (n=6). Group-I (control) animals received vehicle, Group-II animals received diazepam(1 mg/kg i.p), Groups III ,IV and V animals received Coccinia grandis- 500 mg/kg p.o, 1000 mg/kg p.o and Piracetam (400 mg/kg i.p) respectively for 27 days, followed by diazepam (1 mg/kg i.p) single dose on 19th and 27th day. Assessment of transfer latency (TL), time taken to reach reward chamber (TRC) and swim latency (SL) was done on 16th, 17th, 18th, 19th and 27th day using EPM, HWM and MWM respectively. Rats were sacrificed on 28th day, brain acetylcholine esterase activity, lipid peroxidation, superoxide dismutase, glutathione and catalase levels were estimated. The data was analyzed by one way ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s test. P ≤ 0.05 was considered significant.
Result: Coccinia grandis decreased TL, TRC and SL in comparison to diazepam treated rats, decreased acetylcholine esterase activity and lipid peroxidation, and increased superoxide dismutase, glutathione and catalase in brain.
Conclusion: The Coccinia grandis enhanced learning and memory activity. This nootropic effect can be attributed to their antioxidant and neuroprotective property.
Keywords: Memory, EPM, HWM, MWM, Piracetam, Diazepam.
A GLOBAL CONCERN ON ZIKA VIRUS: TRANSMISSION, DIAGNOSIS, PREVENTION, AND TREATMENT
Authors: Kushwaha Nikhal , Kesharwani Vipin , Jaiswal Pankaj Kumar 
Published: September 2018

Zika virus is a mosquito-transmitted flavivirus belongs to family Flaviviridae which becomes the focus of an ongoing pandemic and public health emergency all around the world. Zika virus has two lineages African and Asian. Mosquito-borne flavivirus is thought to replicate initially in dendritic cell and then spread to lymph nodes and then to the bloodstream. Zika virus was initially recognized in Uganda in 1947 in Monkeys through a method that observed yellow fever. It was later distinguished in people in 1952 in Uganda and the United Republic of Tanzania. The explosions of the zika virus disease have been recorded in Africa, The Americas, Asia, and The Pacific. Gillian-Berre syndrome and congenital malformation (microcephaly) suspected to be linked with Zika virus. The virus can only be confirmed through laboratory test on blood or other body fluids, such as urine, saliva or semen. No specific antiviral treatment for Zika virus disease exists. Treatment is aimed at relieving symptoms with rest, fluid and medications. WHO/PAHO encourages the countries to establish and maintain Zika Virus infections, detection, clinical management and community assurances strategies to reduce transmission of the virus. The future of Zika Virus spreading to other parts of the world is still unknown.
Keywords: Zika Virus, flavivirus, Mosquito, Vaccine, Treatment, Microcephaly, WHO/PAHO.
QUALITY CONTROL ASSESSMENT OF DIFFERENT BRANDS OF CIPROFLOXACIN 500 MG TABLETS IN YEMEN
Authors: Alyahawi Ali , Alsaifi Abdulmajed 
Published: September 2018

Ciprofloxacin is a fluorinated 4-quinolone or fluoroquinolone antibacterial with a wider spectrum of activity than nalidixic acid and more favorable pharmacokinetics allowing its use in systemic infections. It has been used in the treatment of a wide range of infections. Many different brands and dosage forms of Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride are available in the Sana'a market that places health practitioners in a dilemma of drug substitution in case of non-availability of a particular brand.
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the quality control of five brands of Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride tablets marketed and commonly prescribed in Sana'a city. The results and findings of the present study will be interpreted and discussed.
Five brands of Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride tablets (500 mg) were purchased from the retail pharmacy outlets and their pharmaceutical quality were assessed by using in-vitro tests as per the British Pharmacopoeia (BP) and unofficial standards as recommended by the manufacturers. The assessment of tablets included the evaluation of uniformity of weight, friability, hardens, disintegration time, dissolution test and assay content by UV spectrophotometric method. All brands passed USP and BP standards in- vitro quality control tests prescribed for the tablets except hardens test but the all products were satisfactory for hardness.
The results indicated that the overall quality of all tested Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride tablets brands was satisfactory as they met the requirements of the official and unofficial quality control tests.
QUALITY ASSESSMENT OF DIFFERENT BRANDS OF PARACETAMOL TABLETS IN YEMENI MARKET
Authors: Alsaifi Abdulmajed , Alyahawi Ali 
Published: September 2018

Paracetamol or acetaminophen is active metabolites of phenacitin. It is a widely used over-the-counter analgesic and antipyretic. Chemically, it is 4-hydroxy acetanilide (acetaminophen). Paracetamol is approved for reducing fever in people of all ages. It is commonly used for the relief of headaches, other minor aches and pains, and is a major ingredient in numerous cold and flu remedies. Many different brands and dosage forms of paracetamol are available in Yemeni market that places health practitioners in a dilemma of drug substitution in case of non-availability of a particular brand. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the quality control of four brands of paracetamol tablets (500 mg) marketed and commonly prescribed in Yemeni market. The results and findings of the present study will be interpreted and discussed. Four brands of paracetamol tablets (500 mg) were purchased from the retail pharmacy outlets and their pharmaceutical quality were assessed by using in-vitro tests according to USP and BP standards and unofficial standards as recommended by the manufacturers. The assessment of tablets included the evaluation of uniformity of weight, hardens, friability, disintegration time, dissolution test as well as assay content by UV spectrophotometric method. All brands passed USP and BP standards in- vitro quality control tests prescribed for the tablets except hardens test but all products were satisfactory for hardness. The results indicated that the overall quality of all tested paracetamol tablets brands was satisfactory as they met the requirements of the official and unofficial quality control tests.
Impacto y oportunidades de biorrefinería de los desechos agrícolas del cultivo de piña (Ananas comosus) en Costa Rica
Authors: Hernández Chaverri Rodolfo Antonio , Prado Barragán Lilia Arely 
Published: September 2018

Costa Rica es el principal exportador mundial de piña fresca (Ananas comosus); asociado a la producción agrícola de la piña, viene el tema de los residuos agrícolas y el interés en el rastrojo de piña como principal material de descarte. Hicimos una estimación de la biomasa que se genera de rastrojo de piña, los costos asociados con el manejo en campo e identificamos el tratamiento actual que se da a este residuo; además de un análisis inicial de fortalezas, debilidades, oportunidades y amenazas. Estimamos que la biomasa de rastrojo de piña para 43 000Ha actuales de cultivo es de 4,282 x 106 ton/año en base húmeda (640 mil ton/año base seca). Los costos asociados para la gestión en el campo del rastrojo de piña oscilan entre US$ 1 000 y US$ 2 500 por hectárea, dependiendo del tipo de manejo; en seco (secado químico con Paraquat) o manejo en verde (trituración de la planta verde) y su incorporación al terreno. Dentro de la economía de exportación de productos agrícolas es la segunda mayor, detrás del banano, ya que se exportan más de US$ 900 millones al año (2017), lo cual hace que existan oportunidades de mejora en el manejo y aprovechamiento de esta biomasa, y se deba valorar el estudio a mayor profundidad del desarrollo de un proceso de biorrefinería para la obtención de productos de mayor valor agregado como biocombustibles, energía, biomoléculas, entre otros. Es importante que los procesos de biorrefinería que se propongan se integren en modelos de ecología industrial o economía circular, para minimizar la producción de gases de efecto invernadero y permitir la seguridad alimentaria en las regiones, con la finalidad de alcanzar los objetivos del desarrollo sostenible.
ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS AND CONSTRAINTS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE NEW TERRITORY OF MOSCOW (SO-CALLED «NEW MOSCOW»)
Authors: Bityukova Viktoria R. , Koldobskaya Natalia A. 
Published: September 2018

The article considers the main trends in the environmental situation in the New Moscow in connection with the acquisition of capital status and rapid population growth. The New Moscow is the territory annexed to Moscow as part of a large-scale project to expand the territory of Moscow at the expense of the Moscow oblast in July 2012. Under the influence of both hereditary and transformational factors, the situation in Moscow new adjoint area is rapidly deteriorating, and for Moscow in the old borders inherited factors are mostly negative for the formation of the environmental situation, and the transformation is in the direction of slow and gradual improvement.In Moscow new adjoint area the structure of pollution sources is linked to the postindustrial type of cities (heating systems and other non-industrial sources, vehicles), as the most non-industrial part of the Moscow region was chosen to join the capital. The level of pollution is low, but the environmental efficiency is also low and the level of pollution is growing rapidly. The decline in production and structural changes in industry, as well as the growth of the car fleet, the change in traffic conditions along the roads, led to a change in the territorial proportions in atmospheric pollution in Moscow, both in the old and new boundaries, and the scale of housing construction in Moscow new adjoint area led to a pressure on water sources and changing natural landscapes.
ONLINE INTEGRATED MODELING ON REGIONAL SCALE IN NORTH-WEST RUSSIA: EVALUATION OF AEROSOLS INFLUENCE ON METEOROLOGICAL PARAMETERS
Authors: Nerobelov Georgy , Sedeeva Margarita , Mahura Alexander , Nuterman Roman , Mostamandi Suleiman , Smyshlyaev Sergeii 
Published: September 2018

In this study the aerosols influence on selected meteorological parameters during two summer 2010 periods is evaluated with focus on the North-West Russia and urban area of St. Petersburg. For that, the seamless fully online-integrated Enviro-HIRLAM model is used. The simulations are realised in short- and long-term modes for selected periods. For evaluation of aerosol influence, in addition to the control/ reference run, the runs with direct, indirect and both combined aerosol effects are performed.It was found that for the North-West Russia region, the direct aerosol effect had increased air temperature (by 1-3˚) and decreased total cloud cover (by 10-20%). The indirect effect decreased temperature (by 0.4-1˚) and increased cloud cover (by 10-20%). The combined effect was the largest territorially; and such effect both decreased temperature and cloud cover (by 1-3˚ and by 6-20%, respectively) as well as increased these (by 0.4-0.6˚ and 1020%).
Efectos del entrenamiento de la aptitud muscular sobre la adiposidad corporal y el desempeño motriz en niños y jóvenes: un meta-análisis.
Authors: Casas Ángel Adrián , Naclerio Fernando , Dopico Calvo Xurxo , García Christian 
Published: September 2018

El propósito de este meta-análisis fue determinar la eficacia del efecto de entrenamiento de la aptitud muscular sobre el nivel de adiposidad y el rendimiento motriz en niños y jóvenes que no participan en deporte profesional y de alta competición. Se realizó una búsqueda sistemática en siete bases de datos electrónicas. Los estudios analizados fueron solo ensayos controlados que evaluaron los efectos del entrenamiento de la aptitud muscular sobre la adiposidad corporal (índice de masa corporal IMC; grasa corporal total GCT y adiposidad abdominal) y el desempeño motriz (salto en longitud sin carrera previa SL y lanzamiento de balón medicinal LMB) de niños y jóvenes. Dos evaluadores revisaron los estudios de forma independiente. Veintidós estudios cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión y fueron utilizados en este meta-análisis (n= 697). El tamaño del efecto (TE) fue calculado usando el estadístico de Cohen, índice de la familia d. El efecto global estimado para el IMC fue pequeño y el límite del intervalo superior fue >0 (n= 7, d= -0.12, IC 95% -0.35 a 0.10). En el caso de la grasa corporal el TE fue moderado (n= 8, d= -0.37, IC 95% -0.58 a -0.17), al igual que el rendimiento de saltabilidad (n= 12, d= 0.54, IC 95% 0.36 a 0.72) y lanzamiento (n=4, d= 0.49, IC 95% 0.22 a 0.76). Los resultados de este meta-análisis sugieren que los programas de entrenamiento de la aptitud muscular son eficaces para reducir la adiposidad corporal e incrementar el desempeño motriz en la saltabilidad y el lanzamiento de niños y jóvenes que no participan en deporte profesional y de alta competición.