bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of a Novel Cervical Deformity Surgical Invasiveness Index
Authors: Passias Peter G. , Horn Samantha R. , Soroceanu Alexandra , Oh Cheongeun , Ailon Tamir , Neuman Brian J. , Lafage Virginie , Lafage Renaud , Smith Justin S. , Line Breton , Bortz Cole A. , Segreto Frank A. , Brown Avery , Alas Haddy , Pierce Katherine E. , Eastlack Robert K. , Sciubba Daniel M. , Protopsaltis Themistocles S. , Klineberg Eric O. , Burton Douglas C. , Hart Robert A. , Schwab Frank J. , Bess Shay , Shaffrey Christopher I. , Ames Christopher P. 
Published: July 2019

Study Design.
Retrospective review.

Objective.
The aim of this study was to develop a novel surgical invasiveness index for cervical deformity (CD) surgery that incorporates CD-specific parameters.

Summary of Background Data.
There has been a surgical invasiveness index for general spine surgery and adult spinal deformity, but a CD index has not been developed.

Methods.
CD was defined as at least one of the following: C2-C7 Cobb >10°, cervical lordosis (CL) >10°, cervical sagittal vertical axis (cSVA) >4 cm, chin brow vertical angle >25°. Consensus from experienced spine and neurosurgeons selected weightings for each variable that went into the invasiveness index. Binary logistic regression predicted high operative time (>338 minutes), estimated blood loss (EBL) (>600 mL), or length of stay (LOS) >5 days) based on the median values of operative time, EBL, and LOS. Multivariable regression modeling was utilized to construct a final model incorporating the strongest combination of factors to predict operative time, LOS, and EBL.

Results.
Eighty-five CD patients were included (61 years, 66% females). The variables in the newly developed CD invasiveness index with their corresponding weightings were: history of previous cervical surgery (3), anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (2/level), corpectomy (4/level), levels fused (1/level), implants (1/level), posterior decompression (2/level), Smith-Peterson osteotomy (2/level), three-column osteotomy (8/level), fusion to upper cervical spine (2), absolute change in T1 slope minus cervical lordosis, cSVA, T4-T12 thoracic kyphosis (TK), and sagittal vertical axis (SVA) from baseline to 1-year. The newly developed CD-specific invasiveness index strongly predicted long LOS (R
2 = 0.310, P < 0.001), high EBL (R
2 = 0.170, P = 0.011), and extended operative time (R
2 = 0.207, P = 0.031). A second analysis used multivariable regression modeling to determine which combination of factors in the newly developed index were the strongest determinants of operative time, LOS, and EBL. The final predictive model included: number of corpectomies, levels fused, decompression, combined approach, and absolute changes in SVA, cSVA, and TK. This model predicted EBL (R
2 = 0.26), operative time (R
2 = 0.12), and LOS (R
2 = 0.13).

Conclusion.
Extended LOS, operative time, and high blood loss were strongly predicted by the newly developed CD invasiveness index, incorporating surgical factors and radiographic parameters clinically relevant for patients undergoing CD corrective surgery.

Level of Evidence: 4
Association of Susceptibility Genes for Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis and Intervertebral Disc Degeneration With Adult Spinal Deformity
Authors: Takeda Kazuki , Kou Ikuyo , Hosogane Naobumi , Otomo Nao , Yagi Mitsuru , Kaneko Shinjiro , Kono Hitoshi , Ishikawa Masayuki , Takahashi Yohei , Ikegami Takeshi , Nojiri Kenya , Okada Eijiro , Funao Haruki , Okuyama Kunimasa , Tsuji Takashi , Fujita Nobuyuki , Nagoshi Narihito , Tsuji Osahiko , Ogura Yoji , Ishii Ken , Nakamura Masaya , Matsumoto Morio , Ikegawa Shiro , Watanabe Kota 
Published: July 2019

Study Design.
Genetic case-control study of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs).

Objective.
To examine the association of previously reported susceptibility genes for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) and intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration with adult spinal deformity (ASD).

Summary of Background Data.
ASD is a spinal deformity that develops and progresses with age. Its etiology is unclear. Several ASD susceptibility genes were recently reported using a candidate gene approach; however, the sample sizes were small and associations with ASD development were not determined.

Methods.
ASD was defined as structural scoliosis with a Cobb angle more than 15° on standing radiographs, taken of patients at age 40 to 75 years in this study. Subjects in whom scoliosis was diagnosed before age 20 were excluded. We recruited 356 Japanese ASD subjects and 3341 healthy controls for case-control association studies of previously reported SNPs. We genotyped four known AIS-associated SNPs (rs11190870 in LBX1, rs6570507 in GPR126, rs10738445 in BNC2, and rs6137473 in PAX1) and three IVD degeneration-associated SNPs (rs1245582 in CHST3, rs2073711 in CILP, and rs1676486 in COL11A1) by the Invader assay.

Results.
Among the AIS-associated SNPs, rs11190870 and rs6137473 showed strong and nominal associations with ASD (P = 1.44 × 10−4, 1.00 × 10−2, respectively). Of the IVD degeneration-associated SNPs, rs1245582 and rs2073711 showed no association with ASD, while rs1676486 showed a nominal association (P = 1.10 × 10−2). In a subgroup analysis, rs11190870 was significantly associated with a Cobb angle more than 20° in the minor thoracic curve (P = 1.44 × 10−4) and with a left convex lumbar curve (P = 6.70 × 10−4), and nominally associated with an apical vertebra higher than L1 (P = 1.80 × 10−2).

Conclusion.
rs11190870 in LBX1, a strong susceptibility SNP for AIS, may also be a susceptibility SNP for ASD. Thus, ASD and AIS may share a common genetic background.

Level of Evidence: 4
Medial Quadriceps Tendon-Femoral Ligament Reconstruction: A Technique Description and Short-Term Outcomes
Authors: Bowman Eric N. , Hallock Justin D. , Wells Daniel B. , El Masri Ahmad O. , Phillips Barry B. 
Published: July 2019

Purpose:
The medial quadriceps tendon-femoral ligament (MQTFL) is a distinct structure extending from the distal adductor tubercle to quadriceps tendon and provides medial support. Anatomic reconstruction is an alternative to transosseous medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction for recurrent patellar instability that eliminates concern for patellar fracture. The purpose of this study is to describe a modified surgical technique for the treatment of patellar instability and evaluate short-term outcomes.

Methods:
Modified MQTFL reconstructions were performed between April 2012 and November 2015 for persistent patellar instability for which nonoperative treatment had failed. Included patients had >2+ quadrants of laxity and history of recurrent patellar dislocation. Patients with concurrent injuries, Dejour C or D trochlear dysplasia, or who required a realignment osteotomy were excluded. Anatomic reconstruction of the MQTFL was performed utilizing a sling in the distal medial quadriceps tendon and doubling the graft back to the femoral isometric point. Clinical outcomes were documented via a telephone survey. Physical examination findings were obtained by chart review at 3 to 6 months postoperative.

Results:
Thirteen modified MQTFL reconstructions were evaluated with a mean follow-up of 29 months. At follow-up, all patients had achieved a full range of motion and 1 to 2 quadrants of passive lateral glide with a good endpoint. There were no recurrent dislocations or complications directly related to the surgery. Overall satisfaction rate was 98%. Median Tegner preinjury and postoperative were 7; 67% returned to sports at the same level. Mean Lysholm and Kujala scores were 97 (SD=4).

Conclusion:
Modified MQTFL reconstruction is a safe and effective procedure for the treatment of patellar instability. This procedure is a valuable technique for avoiding potential patellar fracture associated with transosseous medial patellofemoral ligament fixation.

Level of Evidence:
Level IV—case series.
Role of Matrix Vesicles in Bone–Vascular Cross-Talk
Authors: Jing Lele , Li Lihua , Sun Zhen , Bao Zhengyang , Shao Chen , Yan Jinchuan , Pang Qiwen , Geng Yue , Zhang Lili , Wang Xiaodong , Wang Zhongqun 
Published: July 2019

Abstract:
Matrix mineralization can be divided into physiological mineralization and pathological mineralization. There is a consensus among existing studies that matrix vesicles (MVs) are the starting sites of bone mineralization, and each component of MVs serves a certain function in mineralization. In addition, ectopic MVs pathologically promote undesired calcification, the primary focus of which is the promotion of vascular calcification. However, the specific mechanisms of the actions of MVs in bone–vascular axis cross-talk have not been fully elucidated. This review summarizes the latest research in this field and explores the roles of MVs in the bone–vascular axis with the aim of generating new ideas for the prevention and treatment of vascular calcification and bone metabolic disease.
Early menarche is associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes in rural Chinese women and is partially mediated by BMI: the Henan Rural Cohort Study
Authors: Zhang Lulu , Li Yuqian , Wang Chongjian , Mao Zhenxing , Zhou Wen , Tian Zhongyan , Dong Xiaokang , Zhang Haiqing , Yang Xiu , Fan Mengying , Li Linlin 
Published: July 2019

AbstractObjective:The aim of the study was to determine if early menarche is associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in rural Chinese women and to estimate the proportion that can be attributed to adiposity.Methods:A total of 15,346 postmenopausal women were enrolled in this study. Logistic regression and restricted cubic spline analysis were performed to estimate the relationship between age at menarche and T2DM. Mediation analysis was used to investigate whether the association was mediated by body mass index (BMI).Results:After adjusting for multiple confounders, the early menarche group (≤14 y) had a higher risk of T2DM (odds ratio [OR] = 1.21; 95% CI = 1.06-1.38;P = 0.004) compared with the reference group (16-17 y), whereas the late onset group (≥19 y) had a lower risk of T2DM (OR = 0.78; 95% CI = 0.66-0.92;P = 0.003). BMI partially mediated the association between age at menarche and T2DM, and the proportion of the effect was 28%.Conclusions:Early menarche increases the risk of T2DM, whereas later menarche decreases the risk. The association seems to be partially mediated by BMI.
Histopathology of Inner Ear Malformations: Potential Pitfalls for Cochlear Implantation
Authors: Monsanto Rafael da Costa , Sennaroglu Levent , Uchiyama Mio , Sancak Irem Gul , Paparella Michael Mauro , Cureoglu Sebahattin 
Published: July 2019

Hypothesis:
The presence of bony inner ear malformations may associate with a number of anatomical abnormalities affecting the middle ear structures. Those malformations may create pitfalls and complications for cochlear implantation.

Background:
Inner ear malformations associate with varying degrees of hearing loss, and frequently require cochlear implantation for hearing rehabilitation. Therefore, the abnormalities affecting the middle- and inner-ear structures may increase the risk of surgical complications.

Methods:
We examined 38 human temporal bones from donors with bony inner ear malformations. Using light microscopy, we analyzed the presence of abnormalities in the structures of the middle- and inner-ear.

Results:
Our collection comprises of 38 specimens with inner-ear malformations (cochlear aplasia, n = 3; cochlear hypoplasia, n = 30; incomplete partition, n = 3; isolated vestibular malformation, n = 2). The anatomy of the middle ear was abnormal in most temporal bones with cochlear aplasia, cochlear hypoplasia, and incomplete partition type I (40%–100%). Some of those abnormalities (hypoplastic or obliterated mastoid, 55.2%; aplastic or obliterated round window, 71.0%; aberrant course of the facial nerve, 36.8%) may hinder the access to the round window using the conventional facial recess approach for cochlear implantation. The cochlear nerve and associated bony structures (internal auditory canal and bony canal for cochlear nerve) were normal in 71.0% of all temporal bones with inner ear malformations.

Conclusion:
Each different type of malformation may create specific surgical challenges to surgeons. Comprehensive preoperative imaging is fundamental toward the surgical success of cochlear implants in patients with malformations. Alternatives to circumvent those middle- and inner-ear abnormalities and potential complications are further discussed.
The Impact of Stool Consistency on Bowel Movement Satisfaction in Patients With IBS-C or CIC Treated With Linaclotide or Other Medications
Authors: Taylor Douglas C.A. , Abel Jessica L. , Doshi Jalpa A. , Martin Carolyn , Goolsby Hunter Alyssa , Essoi Breanna , Korrer Stephanie , Reasner David S. , Carson Robyn T. , Chey William D. 
Published: July 2019

Goals:This study aimed to characterize the impact of stool consistency on patient-reported bowel movement (BM) satisfaction in patients with irritable bowel syndrome with constipation (IBS-C) or chronic idiopathic constipation, with a focus on linaclotide.Background:As new medications for constipation become available, understanding patients’ perceptions of treatment effects may help clinicians manage patient expectations and inform clinical decision-making.Materials and Methods:Data were derived from the Chronic Constipation and IBS-C Treatment and Outcomes Real-world Research Platform (CONTOR) study from 2 patient-reported 7-day daily BM diaries to create a dataset of 2922 diaries representing 26,524 BMs for 1806 participants. Binary variables were created for: medication(s) used in the past 24 hours and categorization of BMs as loose or watery stools (LoWS), hard or lumpy stools (HoLS), or intermediate (neither LoWS nor HoLS). The relationship between stool consistency, medication use, and BM satisfaction was analyzed using logistic regression with SEs corrected for repeated observations.Results:BMs characterized as intermediate stools and LoWS were satisfactory more often (61.2% and 51.2%, respectively) than HoLS (19.4%). Participants who reported taking linaclotide rated a similar proportion of BMs as satisfactory when described as LoWS (65.6%) or intermediate (64.1%). Linaclotide use was associated with higher odds of BMs being reported as satisfactory compared with nonlinaclotide use (odds ratio: 1.23,P<0.05).Conclusions:Overall, CONTOR participants were more likely to report BMs classified as LoWS or intermediate as satisfactory, versus HoLS. Participants taking linaclotide were more likely to be satisfied, particularly those reporting LoWS, versus those not taking linaclotide.
Comparing the Impact of Cancer and Treatment-Related Effects on Psychological Well-being and Quality of Life Between Hong Kong Survivors of Childhood Solid Tumors and Leukemia
Authors: Ho Laurie Long Kwan , Li William Ho Cheung , Ho Ka Yan , Cheung Ankie Tan , Chan Godfrey Chi Fung , Chiu Sau Ying , Chung Joyce Oi Kwan 
Published: July 2019

Background
Evidence shows that survivors of solid tumors have a lower survival rate and shorter disease-free survival time than survivors of leukemia. However, the psychological well-being and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of these 2 groups of cancer survivors have not been compared.

Objective
To examine and compare the impact of cancer and treatment-related effects on psychological well-being and HRQOL between survivors of childhood solid tumors and leukemia.

Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional study involving 65 Hong Kong survivors of solid tumors and 70 survivors of leukemia aged 8 to 18 years who had their medical follow-up in a pediatric outpatient clinic. Participants’ depressive symptoms, self-esteem, and HRQOL were assessed. Twenty-two survivors of childhood solid tumors and 15 survivors of childhood leukemia were then selected for semistructured interviews.

Results
Survivors of childhood solid tumors reported significantly higher mean scores for depressive symptoms, and lower mean self-esteem and HRQOL scores than survivors of childhood leukemia. Qualitative data revealed that survivors of childhood solid tumors faced more challenges in their daily life than survivors of childhood leukemia.

Conclusions
Survivors of childhood solid tumors reported poorer psychological well-being and HRQOL than survivors of childhood leukemia. This vulnerable group warrants more attention and support.

Implications for Practice
It is vital for healthcare professionals to understand the impact of cancer and treatment-related effects in the context of different types of cancer. This will facilitate development and evaluation of appropriate psychological interventions to promote psychological well-being and HRQOL among childhood cancer survivors.
Painful Myoclonus Triggered by Lateral Antebrachial Cutaneous Nerve Entrapment at the Brachioradialis Muscle
Authors: Aktas Adem , Prather Heidi , Brogan David , Colorado Dale 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Compression of the lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve is a rare clinical entrapment syndrome often overlooked as an initial etiology of pain. We present a case of an episodic upper limb painful movement disorder (myoclonus) in a 16-yr-old adolescent girl with a remote history of a surgically stabilized supracondylar humeral fracture who was later found to have entrapment of the lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve. The incidence of a painful myoclonus triggered by a peripheral nerve entrapment is unknown. Combining a history and physical examination, electromyography, nerve conduction studies, and ultrasound enabled us to make an accurate diagnosis that was confirmed by resolution of symptoms after surgical release. This study conforms to all CARE guidelines and reports the required information accordingly (see Supplemental Check list, Supplemental Digital Content 1, http://links.lww.com/PHM/A855).
Cardiac and Skeletal Muscle Myosin Exert Procoagulant Effects
Authors: Coleman Julia R. , Moore Ernest E. , Zilberman-Rudenko Jevgenia , Samuels Jason M. , Cohen Mitchell J. , Silliman Christopher C. , Banerjee Anirban , Sauaia Angela , Griffin John H. , Deguchi Hiroshi 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Trauma-induced coagulopathy (TIC) and the tissue injury-provoked procoagulant profile are prevalent in severely injured patients, but their mechanisms remain unclear. Myosin, exposed by or released from tissue injury, may play a role in promoting thrombin generation and attenuating fibrinolysis. The objective of the study is to examine the effects of cardiac and skeletal muscle myosins on coagulation in whole blood using thrombelastography (TEG).

Materials and Methods:
Whole blood was collected from healthy adult volunteers (n=8) and native TEGs were performed to evaluate the global coagulation response in the presence of cardiac or skeletal muscle myosin by measuring reaction (R) time (minutes), clot angle (o), and maximum amplitude (MA, mm). TEG measurements were compared using paired t tests.

Results:
Cardiac and skeletal muscle myosins decreased R, from 10.8 min to 8.0 min (P<0.0001) and 6.9 min (P =0.0007), respectively. There were no effects observed on clot propagation (angle) or clot strength (MA) with myosin addition. In the presence of tPA, both cardiac and skeletal muscle myosins shortened R from 11.1 min to 8.62 min (P=0.0245) and 7.75 min (P =0.0027), respectively), with no changes on angle or MA.

Conclusions:
Cardiac and skeletal muscle myosins exhibit procoagulant effects in TEG assays. These whole blood TEG results support the hypothesis that cardiac and skeletal muscle myosins may be either pro-hemostatic or prothrombotic depending on context.
The Risk for Traumatic Brain Injury and Persisting Symptomatology in Elementary, Secondary, and University-Level Students
Authors: Makri Andrea , Koulenti Aphroditi , Argyrou Kyriaki , Gordon Wayne , Constantinidou Fofi 
Published: July 2019

Purpose:
This study is part of the first systematic program in the Republic of Cyprus examining the prevalence of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in children, teenagers, and university students. The study incorporated the Greek Version of the Brain Injury Screening Questionnaire (BISQ-G) as the primary tool to identify students with TBI.

Methods:
The BISQ-G was sent out to 2,800 families of children (aged 6–18 years) attending rural and urban elementary and secondary schools from varied socioeconomic backgrounds. Nine hundred forty-four questionnaires (33.8%) were returned. In addition to school-aged children, 322 university students (aged 17–25 years) were recruited from 3 universities and completed the BISQ-G.

Results:
Analyses indicated that 5.8% elementary, 9.7% secondary, and 22.7% university students had symptoms consistent with TBI. Several participants reported more than 1 TBI. Etiology of TBI was similar in all 3 groups and included sports, biking, and falls. Factor analyses yielded a 7-factor structure for the BISQ-G.

Discussion/Conclusions:
The BISQ-G is a valid tool for the identification of individuals with a prior history of TBI. Causes and symptoms of TBI were similar to those reported in the international literature. The article concludes with suggestions for TBI management in the schools.
Bupropion Causes Misdiagnosis in Brain Dopamine Transporter Imaging for Parkinsonism
Authors: Honkanen Emma A. , Kemppainen Nina , Noponen Tommi , Seppänen Marko , Joutsa Juho , Kaasinen Valtteri 
Published: July 2019

Objective
The objective of this study was to report long-lasting effects of bupropion on brain dopamine transporter (DAT) in a patient with depression and parkinsonism.

Methods
The patient was a 52-year old man who had been treated with 150 mg/d of bupropion for depression. The patient developed cognitive problems, bradykinesia, and reduced stride length for which he was scanned with [123I]FP-CIT single photon emission computed tomography after the recommended 1-week discontinuation of bupropion. Levodopa treatment trial was initiated without a response. Eleven months later, the patient was scanned for a second time after a 1-month stoppage of bupropion.

Results
The first scan was abnormal with left putamen specific binding ratio of 1.99 (SDs from the reference value mean, −2.40), right putamen of 2.27 (SD, −1.84), left caudate of 2.33 (SD, −2.26), and right caudate of 2.29 (SD, −2.18). The second scan (after 1-month discontinuation) was normal, and specific binding ratios had increased from 5.2% to 31.7% in all striatal regions as compared with the first scan. Brain magnetic resonance imaging and [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography imaging were normal, and there was no levodopa response or other features supporting neurodegenerative parkinsonism.

Conclusions
Bupropion has previously generally been discontinued 1 week prior DAT imaging, which meets the recommended, albeit arbitrary, time interval of 5 plasma clearance half-lives before the scan. One-week discontinuation of bupropion before DAT imaging may be insufficiently short. Our case shows that longer medication washout and rescan may be needed when there is contradiction between the imaging result and clinical outcome in patients with medications affecting DAT binding.