bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhanced immunity: the gut microbiota changes in high-altitude Tibetan pigs compared to Yorkshire pigs
Authors: Liu Chengming , Dan Haifeng , Yang Yiting , Du Yong , Hao Ziling , Chen Lei , Zhu Kangping , Liu Bin , Niu Lili , Zhao Ye , Wang Yan , Shen Linyuan , Gan Mailin , Zhu Li 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionLong-term domestication in high-altitude environments has led to unique changes in the gut microbiota of Tibetan Pigs. This study aims to investigate specific alterations in the intestinal flora of Tibetan Pigs compared to Yorkshire pigs.MethodsWe employed 16S rRNA and metagenomic sequencing technologies for comprehensive analysis of the gut microbiota. The data collected allowed us to assess microbial community structures and functional capabilities.ResultsOur analysis revealed that Tibetan Pigs raised under a “free-range + supplementary feeding” model exhibited increased abundance of microbial communities associated with short-chain fatty acid synthesis and the digestion of cellulose and hemicellulose. Notably, the characteristic bacterium Rhodococcus, commonly found in high-altitude environments, was enriched in the gut microbiota of Tibetan Pigs, facilitating the efficient utilization of natural compounds and degradation of toxic substances. Additionally, the increased abundance of probiotics in these pigs enhances their immunity, which may involve mechanisms such as disrupting the structure of pathogenic bacteria and detoxifying harmful metabolites.DiscussionThese findings underscore the advantages of Tibetan Pigs over common commercial breeds, highlighting their unique gut microbiota adaptations. Furthermore, they open new avenues for screening potential probiotics and developing genetic breeding strategies for improved livestock varieties.ConclusionUnderstanding the distinct gut microbiota of Tibetan Pigs provides valuable insights into their health benefits and resilience, contributing to future research on breed improvement and microbiome applications in agriculture.
Pharmacological rescue of the G85E CFTR variant by preclinical and approved modulators
Authors: Tomati Valeria , Capurro Valeria , Pesce Emanuela , Pastorino Cristina , Sondo Elvira , Lena Mariateresa , Borrelli Anna , Cresta Federico , Pantano Stefano , Collini Francesca , Ripani Pietro , Terlizzi Vito , Fevola Cristina , Costa Stefano , Lucanto Maria Cristina , Zara Federico , Bandiera Tiziano , Bocciardi Renata , Castellani Carlo , Galietta Luis J. V. , Pedemonte Nicoletta 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionCystic Fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disease due to loss-of-function mutations of the CFTR channel. F508del is the most frequent mutation (70% of alleles in Italy), while other mutations have much lower frequency. Among them, G85E (0.4% frequency globally, 1.13% in Italy) emerges as a mutation characterized by a severe CFTR folding and trafficking defect.MethodsTo investigate the pharmacological responsiveness of the G85E-CFTR variant, we performed a functional and biochemical characterization in heterologous expression systems and ex vivo models based on patient-derived human nasal epithelial cells (HNEC).ResultsOur study demonstrated that treatment of primary airway cells with elexacaftor and tezacaftor causes a significant (although modest) rescue of CFTR function, that reaches 15%–25% of the activity measured in non-CF epithelia. A detrimental effect of chronic treatment with ivacaftor, further limiting G85E rescue, was also observed. A higher rescue of CFTR function, up to 25%–35% of the normal CFTR activity, with no evidence of negative effects upon chronic potentiator treatment, can be achieved by combining elexacaftor with ARN23765, a novel type 1 corrector endowed with very high potency. Importantly, dose-response relationships suggest that G85E might alter the binding of type 1 correctors, possibly affecting their affinity for the target.DiscussionIn conclusion, our studies suggest that novel combinations of modulators, endowed with higher efficacy leading to increased rescue of G85E-CFTR, are needed to improve the clinical benefit in patients for this variant.
Genome-wide association analysis and genomic prediction of salt tolerance trait in soybean germplasm
Authors: Xu Rongqing , Yang Qing , Liu Zhi , Shi Xiaolei , Wu Xintong , Chen Yuehan , Du Xinyu , Gao Qiqi , He Di , Shi Ainong , Tao Peijun , Yan Long 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionSoybean is an important protein and oil crop, and improving yield has traditionally been a major breeding goal. However, salt stress is an important abiotic factor that can severely impair soybean yield by disrupting metabolic processes, inhibiting photosynthesis, and hindering plant growth, ultimately leading to a decrease in productivity.MethodsThis study utilized phenotypic and genotypic data from 563 soybean germplasms sourced from over 20 countries. Employing four distinct models—we performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) using four models, including MLM, MLMM, FarmCPU, and BLINK in GAPIT 3, we conducted a Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) to identify single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) associated with salt tolerance in soybean. Subsequently, these identified SNP were further analyzed for candidate gene discovery. Using 34,181 SNPs for genomic prediction (GP) to assess prediction accuracy.ResultsOur study identified 10 SNPs significantly associated with salt tolerance, located on chromosomes 1, 2, 3, 7, and 16. And we identified 11 genes within a 5 kb window upstream and downstream of the QTLs on chromosomes 1, 3, and 16. Utilizing the GWAS-derived SNP marker sets for genomic prediction (GP) yielded r-values greater than 0.35, indicating a higher level of accuracy. This suggests that genomic selection for salt tolerance is feasible.DiscussionThe 10 identified SNP markers and candidate genes in this study provide a valuable reference for screening and developing salt-tolerant soybean germplasm resources.
Assessing the impact of vaccines on COVID-19 efficacy in survival rates: a survival analysis approach for clinical decision support
Authors: González Rodríguez Juan Luis , Oprescu Andreea M. , Muñoz Lezcano Sergio , Cordero Ramos Jaime , Romero Cabrera Juan Luis , Armengol de la Hoz Miguel Ángel , Estella Ángel 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundThe global COVID-19 pandemic, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, has presented significant challenges to healthcare systems worldwide.ObjectiveThis study, based on an analysis of a cohort from the Public Health System of Andalusia (Spain), aims to evaluate how vaccination affects case-fatality rate in patients hospitalized due to COVID-19 infection in Andalusia.MethodsThe cohort consists of 37,274 individuals after applying the inclusion criteria. We conducted survival analyses employing the Cox proportional hazards models and generated adjusted survival curves to examine the outcomes. The analyses were performed from three perspectives: vaccinated vs. unvaccinated patients, vaccinated and unvaccinated patients grouped by age, and stratified by vaccination status.ResultsResults indicate a substantial correlation between vaccination and a 20% reduction in the risk of case-fatality. Age-specific effects reveal varying degrees of protection across different age groups.ConclusionThese findings emphasize the pivotal role of vaccination status in COVID-19 risk assessment, supporting the development of a clinical decision support system for accurate predictions and optimizing healthcare management at admission.
Identifying predictors of stroke in young adults: a machine learning analysis of sex-specific risk factors
Authors: Jacobs Molly , Hammarlund Noah , Evans Elizabeth , Ellis Charles 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionStroke among Americans under age 49 is increasing. While the risk factors for stroke among older adults are well-established, evidence on stroke causes in young adults remains limited. This study used machine learning techniques to explore the predictors of stroke in young men and women.MethodsThe least absolute shrinkage and selection operator algorithm (LASSO) was applied to data from Wave V of the National Longitudinal Survey of Adolescent to Adult Health (N = 12,300)—nationally representative, longitudinal panel containing demographic, lifestyle, and clinical information for individuals aged 33–43—to identify the key factors associated with stroke in men and women. The resulting LASSO model was tested and validated on an independent sample and model performance was assessed using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and calibration. For robustness, synthetic minority over sampling technique (SMOTE) was applied to address data imbalance and analyses were repeated on the balanced sample.ResultsApproximately 1.1% (N = 59) and 1.3% (N = 90) of the 5,318 and 6,970 men and women in the sample reported having a stroke. LASSO was used to predict stroke using demographic, lifestyle, and clinical predictors on both balanced and imbalanced data sets. LASSO performed slightly better on the balanced data set for women compared to the unbalanced set (Female AUC: 0.835 vs. 0.842), but performance for men was nearly identical (Male AUC: 0.820 vs. 0.822). Predictor identification was similar across both sets. For females, marijuana use, receipt of health services, education, self-rated health status, kidney disease, migraines, diabetes, depression, and PTSD were predictors. Among males, income, kidney disease, heart disease, diabetes, PTSD, and anxiety were risk factors.ConclusionsThis study showed similar clinical risk factors among men and women. However, variations in the behavioral and lifestyle determinants between sexes highlight the need for tailored interventions and public health strategies to address sex-specific stroke risk factors among young adults.
Streptomyces hygroscopicus and rapamycinicus Evaluated from a U.S. Marine Sanctuary: Biosynthetic Gene Clusters Encode Antibiotic and Chemotherapeutic Secondary Metabolites
Authors: Flaherty Hannah R. , Aytur Semra A. , Bucci John P. 
Published: November 2024

Cancer remains a leading cause of death worldwide. Also threatening the public is the emergence of antibiotic resistance to existing medicines. Despite the challenge to produce viable natural products to market, there continues to be a need within public health to provide new chemotherapeutic drugs such as those exhibiting cytotoxicity and tumor cell growth-inhibitory properties. As marine genomic research advances, it is apparent that marine-derived sediment harbors uniquely potent bioactive compounds compared to their terrestrial counterparts. The Streptomyces genus in particular produces more than 30% of all secondary metabolites currently approved for human health, thus harboring unexplored reservoirs of chemotherapeutic and antibiotic agents to combat emerging disease. The present study identifies the presence of Streptomyces hygroscopicus and rapamycinicus in environmental sediment at locations within the U.S. Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary (SBNMS) from 2017 to 2022. Sequencing and bioinformatics methods catalogued biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) that drive cytotoxic and antibiotic biochemical processes in samples collected from sites permittable and protected to fishing activity. Poisson regression models confirmed that Sites 1 and 3 had significantly higher occurrences of rapamycinicus than other sites (p < 0.01). Poisson regression models confirmed that Sites 1, 2 and 3 had significantly higher occurrence for Streptomyces hygroscopicus across sites (p < 0.05). Interestingly, permitted fishing sites showed a greater prevalence of both species. Statistical analyses showed a significant difference in aligned hits with polyketide synthases (PKSs) and non-ribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPSs) by site and between species with hygroscopicus showing a greater quantity than rapamycinicus among Streptomyces spp. (p < 0.05; F = 4.7 > F crit).
Государственная культурная политика современной России: исторический путь и модели развития
Authors: Е.В. Болдырева , Е.А. Полякова 
Published: November 2024

Статья посвящена рассмотрению эволюции государственной культурной политики в советской и постсоветской России. Авторами выделены особенности взаимоотношения государства, институционализированного культурного сектора и самой культуры на разных этапах её развития и обозначены возможности и первые достижения современной, ценностно ориентированной модели государственной культурной политики в обеспечении противодействия социокультурным угрозам и укреплении национальной безопасности страны.
The article is devoted to the consideration of the evolution of state cultural policy in Soviet and postSoviet Russia. The authors highlight the features of the relationship between the state, the institutionalized cultural sector and culture itself at different stages of its development and outline the possibilities and first achievements of a modern, value-oriented model of state cultural policy in ensuring counteraction to sociocultural threats and strengthening the national security of the country.
Идиопатическое бесплодие: современные подходы к диагностике (обзор литературы)
Authors: С.В. Жуковская , С.В.(ст.). Жуковская 
Published: November 2024

В статье представлен обзор современной научной литературы, посвященной проблеме изучения идиопатического бесплодия, и практических руководств под авторством ведущих мировых сообществ в сфере репродуктивной медицины: рекомендации CFAS (Канадское общество фертильности и андрологии), ASRM (Американское общество репродуктивной медицины), ESHRE (Европейское общество репродукции человека и эмбриологии). Описаны такие ключевые аспекты, как оценка функции яичников, оптимальные методы диагностики проходимости маточных труб, изучение состояния эндометрия с учетом его рецептивности, диагностика мужского фактора бесплодия и др. Рассмотрено потенциальное влияние на фертильность таких факторов, как микробиота влагалища, описана корреляция концентрации витамина D и исходов программ вспомогательных репродуктивных технологий.
This article provides a comprehensive review of the latest scientific literature on idiopathic infertility and practical guidance from leading global reproductive medicine societies. The recommendations of the CFAS (Canadian Society of Fertility and Andrology), ASRM (American Society of Reproductive Medicine) and ESHRE (European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology) are studied and analyzed. Therefore, the article provides a comprehensive overview of key aspects such as the assessment of ovarian function, optimal methods of diagnosing fallopian tube patency, the study of endometrium condition with regard to its receptivity, and the diagnosis of male factor infertility. It also considers the influence of vaginal microbiota on fertility and the correlation of vitamin D concentration with outcomes of assisted reproductive technology procedures.
Genetic Polymorphism of CYP11B2 Gene in Iraqi Patient with Essential Hypertension
Authors: Mahdy Israa Mohammed , Saheb Hussein A , Sultan Ahmed M , Mohammad Bassim I , Swadi Asma A , Kadhim Sinaa Abdul Amir 
Published: November 2024

AimTo demonstrate the genetic variant of CYP11B2 Gen rs1799998 and rs4539 and their effect on systolic and diastolic blood pressure in Iraqi patient with essential hypertension in Aldiwania province.Material and methodsThis is an observational cross sectional descriptive single centre study for hypertensive patients at Al-Diwaniyah province, Iraq which is diagnosed according to 2020 ISH. All candidate patients were diagnosed and recruited by specialist caregiving physician/ cardiologist. There were a total of 90 participants, 37 males and 53 women. Aldosterone and renine levels in the plasma were determined from blood samples given voluntarily by patients undergoing genetic testing.ResultsRegarding rs4539 the most frequent allele was T (112, 62%) while the most frequent genotype was TC (54, 60%). Regarding rs1799998 the most frequent allele was G (97, 54%) while the most frequent genotype was AG (49, 54%).ConclusionsThere was no significant relationship between rs1799998 (A344>G) and rs4539 (T2718C) with systolic and diastolic blood pressure in Iraqi patient with essential hypertension.
Effect of Peer Group Interaction on Academic Staff Well-being: Case of Makerere University
Authors: Mbabazi Annet 
Published: November 2024

Peer group interactions have been less scrutinized in terms of their contribution to the overall quality of teaching in universities. This mixed-methods study investigated the effect of peer group interaction on the well-being of academic staff at Makerere University. Quantitative data was collected using self-administered questionnaires from 382 academic staff proportionally drawn from three colleges and one school, while qualitative data was obtained from four heads, of departments, and four academic staff using a structured interview guide. Qualitative data was analysed using thematic and content analysis inductively, and later both sets were converged to generate summaries of findings. Quantitatively, results show that peer group interaction stood at (r = .252, n = 286, p < .000) suggesting that there was a statistically significant relationship between well-being and Peer group interaction of academic staff at the 5% of significance two-tailed. R2 = 0.60, which implies that it contributed 60% of the change in academic staff well-being at Makerere University. Peer group interaction (18.929, p = 0.00) indicated that the relationship was significant. This was in agreement with qualitative findings, participants who provided positive feedback, described their interaction with peers as positive. Such positive feedback implied participants' interaction with their peers gave them positive experiences. The conclusion is that peer group interaction is a significant predictor of academic staff well-being. Therefore, the management of the university should strengthen interpersonal relationships through social support platforms and foster a culture of open communication and feedback to contribute to overall academic staff well-being. This can be streamlined by fostering strong interpersonal relationships within the academic community, promoting networking events, creating platforms for social support, and emphasizing the importance of building positive relationships with colleagues.
Gaze-action coupling, gaze-gesture coupling, and exogenous attraction of gaze in dyadic interactions
Authors: Hessels Roy S. , Li Peitong , Balali Sofia , Teunisse Martin K. , Poppe Ronald , Niehorster Diederick C. , Nyström Marcus , Benjamins Jeroen S. , Senju Atsushi , Salah Albert A. , Hooge Ignace T. C. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn human interactions, gaze may be used to acquire information for goal-directed actions, to acquire information related to the interacting partner’s actions, and in the context of multimodal communication. At present, there are no models of gaze behavior in the context of vision that adequately incorporate these three components. In this study, we aimed to uncover and quantify patterns of within-person gaze-action coupling, gaze-gesture and gaze-speech coupling, and coupling between one person’s gaze and another person’s manual actions, gestures, or speech (or exogenous attraction of gaze) during dyadic collaboration. We showed that in the context of a collaborative Lego Duplo-model copying task, within-person gaze-action coupling is strongest, followed by within-person gaze-gesture coupling, and coupling between gaze and another person’s actions. When trying to infer gaze location from one’s own manual actions, gestures, or speech or that of the other person, only one’s own manual actions were found to lead to better inference compared to a baseline model. The improvement in inferring gaze location was limited, contrary to what might be expected based on previous research. We suggest that inferring gaze location may be most effective for constrained tasks in which different manual actions follow in a quick sequence, while gaze-gesture and gaze-speech coupling may be stronger in unconstrained conversational settings or when the collaboration requires more negotiation. Our findings may serve as an empirical foundation for future theory and model development, and may further be relevant in the context of action/intention prediction for (social) robotics and effective human–robot interaction.
Eksplorasi Computational Thinking Calon Guru Matematika dalam Menyelesaikan Soal Pola Bilangan
Authors: Darmawan Puguh , Rofiki Imam , Mutia Tuti , Slamet Slamet , Nugroho Citra Maulidyah Rahmawati , Dewi Vera Melinia , Pramudya Stansa Senia , Alaiya Syekha Vivi 
Published: November 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi karakteristik computational thinking (CT) yang dimiliki calon guru matematika pada materi pola bilangan ditinjau dari generalisasi yang dimilikinya. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan jenis studi kasus jamak. Subjek penelitian ini dikategorikan menjadi tiga jenis yaitu, (1) S1A adalah calon guru matematika yang dapat menemukan nilai dan , serta dapat menemukan bentuk pola umum ( yang melibatkan , (2) S2 adalah calon guru matematika yang dapat menemukan nilai dan , serta dapat menemukan pola umum ( sederhana tanpa melibatkan , dan (3) S3 adalah calon guru matematika yang dapat menemukan nilai dan , namun tidak dapat menemukan bentuk pola umum ( . Dua subjek dipilih dari setiap kategori melalui purposive sampling. Instrumen penelitian ini terdiri atas peneliti, tes tertulis berupa lembar tugas terkait computational thinking pada materi pola bilangan, pedoman wawancara semi-terstruktur, alat rekam audio, dan catatan peneliti. Teknik pengambilan data melalui purposive sampling. Teknik analisis data kualitatif yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah interaktif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa, Terdapat tiga jenis karakteristik CT calon guru matematika meliputi, (1) karakteristik CT S1 yaitu, memiliki generalisasi dekat dalam pemecahan masalah dan memiliki generalisasi simbolik dalam penentuan pola umum, (2) karakteristik CT S2 yaitu, memiliki generalisasi jauh dalam pemecahan masalah dan memiliki generalisasi simbolik dalam penentuan pola umum, serta (3) karakteristik CT S3 yaitu, memiliki generalisasi dekat dalam pemecahan masalah, kemudian dalam penemuan kesamaan dalam barisan bilangan, S3A memiliki generalisasi kontekstual dan S3B memiliki generalisasi faktual. Pemahaman terkait karakterisasi computational thinking calon guru matematika ditinjau dari generalisasi ini dapat digunakan calon guru maupun guru sebagai sumber rujukan dalam kegiatan pembelajaran.