bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design, Performance, and Application of Thermoelectric Nanogenerators
Authors: Zhang Ding , Wang Yuanhao , Yang Ya 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThermal energy harvesting from the ambient environment through thermoelectric nanogenerators (TEGs) is an ideal way to realize self‐powered operation of electronics, and even relieve the energy crisis and environmental degradation. As one of the most significant energy‐related technologies, TEGs have exhibited excellent thermoelectric performance and played an increasingly important role in harvesting and converting heat into electric energy, gradually becoming one of the hot research fields. Here, the development of TEGs including materials optimization, structural designs, and potential applications, even the opportunities, challenges, and the future development direction, is analyzed and summarized. Materials optimization and structural designs of flexibility for potential applications in wearable electronics are systematically discussed. With the development of flexible and wearable electronic equipment, flexible TEGs show increasingly great application prospects in artificial intelligence, self‐powered sensing systems, and other fields in the future.
A game‐theoretic model for resource allocation with deception and defense efforts
Authors: Zhang Xiaoxiong , Hipel Keith W. , Ge Bingfeng , Tan Yuejin 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThis paper develops a strategy for assisting two players in allocating multiple resources in a strategic sequential game. The defender first needs to allocate deception and defense efforts among targets to deceive the attacker and strengthen the target, respectively. Then, the attacker chooses a type of threat and a target to attack. The defender aims at mitigating the possible damage to the targets, whereas the attacker strives to cause maximum damage to the targets. Traditional modeling approaches typically focus only on the defender's homogeneous resource in defense and are not well suited to effectively capture the complex interplay between players. Given scarce resources, a game‐theoretic model is proposed for determining optimal strategies for both players. The key novel features of this model include: (1) the attacker's learning and the defender's counter‐learning efforts are considered; (2) trade‐offs between deception and defense efforts among different targets for the defender are investigated; and (3) sensitive analysis is carried out to see how different parameters can affect the equilibrium results. An illustrative example is presented to demonstrate the procedure of this game‐theoretic model and show its effectiveness. The results can provide additional insights for defense and deception strategies.
Climatic issues in early modern England: Shakespeare's views of the sky
Authors: Chiari Sophie 
Published: February 2019

Climatic issues pervade early modern English drama, and three main reasons may be adduced for this. First, while in the first half of the 16th century Renaissance natural philosophers still felt compelled to acknowledge the accidental nature of weather‐related phenomena, in the second part of the century, new beliefs emerged and the dramatization of celestial events allowed for a more immediate access to the natural world. Second, then as now, Shakespeare's “sceptred isle” (Richard II) was often exposed to the wind, the rain and the freezing air, and such characteristics were believed to have a lasting impact on the habits of the English nation. Third, people then had to struggle against the adverse weather conditions characterized by what is now referred to as the “Little Ice Age.” As actor and playwright, Shakespeare saw the sky as a theatrical element. While his so‐called festive comedies appear far less festive if we pay attention to their climatic specificities, his tragedies offer interesting insights into the way the playwright associates heavens and humors on the one hand, climate and the planets on the other. I thus argue that climate was for Shakespeare a framing device giving coherence to his playtexts and providing the audience with a natural, elemental, and cosmic background. His interest in the way weather conditions affect human behavior prompted him to modify traditional points of view and, as a result, to foreground Man's ominous capacity to trigger climatic disorders.This article is categorized under:Trans‐Disciplinary Perspectives > Humanities and the Creative Arts
Holographic glueballs from the circle reduction of Romans supergravity
Authors: Elander Daniel , Piai Maurizio , Roughley John 
Published: February 2019

AbstractWe reconsider a one-parameter class of known solutions of the circle compactification of Romans six-dimensional half-maximal supergravity. The gauge-theory duals of these solutions are confining four-dimensional field theories. Their UV completions consist of the compactification on a circle of a higher-dimensional field theory that is flowing between two fixed points in five dimensions. We systematically study the bosonic fluctuations of the supergravity theory, corresponding to the bosonic glueballs of the dual field theory.We perform numerically the calculation of the spectrum of excitations of all the bosonic fields, several of which had been disregarded in earlier work on the subject. We discuss the results as a function of the one parameter characterising the class of background solutions, hence further extending known results. We show how certain towers of states are independent of the background, and compare these states to existing lattice literature on four-dimensional Yang-Mills (pure) gauge theories, confirming the existence of close similarities.For the aforementioned analysis, we construct gauge-invariant combinations of the fields appearing in the reduction to five dimensions of the supergravity theory, and hence focus on the 32 physical bosonic degrees of freedom. We show explicitly how to implement gauge-fixing of the supergravity theory. The results of such technical work could be used to analyse the spectra of other theories proposed in the context of top-down holography. For example, it could be applied to holographic realisations of composite-Higgs and light-dilaton scenarios.
Two-Year Follow-Up of a Multi-centre Randomized Controlled Trial to Study Effectiveness of a Hospital-Based Work Support Intervention for Cancer Patients
Authors: Tamminga S. J. , Verbeek J. H. A. M. , Bos M. M. E. M. , Fons G. , Kitzen J. J. E. M. , Plaisier P. W. , Frings-Dresen M. H. W. , de Boer A. G. E. M. 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Purpose Purpose is to: (1) study effectiveness of the hospital-based work support intervention for cancer patients at two years of follow-up compared to usual care and (2) identify which early factors predict time to return-to-work (RTW). Methods In this multi-center randomised controlled trial (RCT), 106 (self-)employed cancer patients were randomized to an intervention group or control group and provided 2 years of follow-up data. The intervention group received patient education and work-related support at the hospital. Primary outcome was RTW (rate and time) and quality of life (SF-36), and secondary outcomes were, work ability (WAI), and work functioning (WLQ). Univariate Cox regression analyses were performed to study which early factors predict time to full RTW. Results Participants were diagnosed with breast (61%), gynaecological cancer (35%), or other type of cancer (4%). RTW rates were 84% and 90% for intervention versus control group. They were high compared to national register-based studies. No differences between groups were found on any of the outcomes. Receiving chemotherapy (HR = 2.43, 95% CI 1.59–3.73 p < 0.001), low level of education (HR = 1.65, 95% CI 1.076–2.52 p = 0.02) and low work ability (HR = 1.09 [95% CI 1.04–1.17] p = 0.02) were associated with longer time to full RTW. Conclusions We found high RTW rates compared to national register-based studies and we found no differences between groups. Future studies should therefore focus on reaching the group at risk, which consist of patients who receive chemotherapy, have a low level of education and have a low work ability at diagnosis.

Trial registration
Netherlands Trial Registry (NTR) (http://www.trialregister.nl/trialreg/admin/rctview.asp?TC=1658): NTR1658.
Fractal Theory and its Implication for Acquisition, Processing and Interpretation (API) of Geophysical Investigation: A Review
Authors: Dimri V. P. , Ganguli Shib Sankar 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
It has been observed that the sources of geophysical anomalies, such as density, susceptibility, conductivity, reflectivity, etc. may be conveniently defined according to a scaling/fractal distribution. Acquisition, processing and interpretation (collectively known as API) are the three main steps in any geophysical investigation. The proper design of acquisition of data can enhance the signal to noise ratio of geophysical response. Fractal theory has been applied and found to be worthwhile in deciding a geophysical survey network. Similarly, the second step, geophysical data processing for interpolation of missing data is key to reduce spurious anomaly due to aliased-interpolated data, and fractal or multi-fractal concepts have been applied to improve data processing significantly. Finally, interpretation is the main step which depends on the nature of the source. This lead to the development of new interpretation methods such as scaling spectral method and modified centroid method to accommodate scaling/fractal distribution of source for scaling geology for improved results. In the present paper, in-depth review of the application of fractal/multi-fractal approach in geophysical API for better geophysical understanding, is presented. Also, the advancement in geophysical API for filling the gaps in our understanding of sub-surface source characterization with recent examples in seismology and heat flow is highlighted, which can be further helpful in conducting future research of scaling geology.
New Occurrence of Sapphirine–spinel–bearing Granulite from NW of Chilka Lake, Eastern Ghats Belt, Odisha
Authors: Prakash D. , Vishal B. , Naik A. S. , Yadav R. , Rai S. K. , Tewari S. , Yadav M. K. , Tiwari S. , Dash S. , Pattnaik C. 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
A new locality of sapphirine-spinel-bearing granulites from the Kaithapalli area which lies NW of Chilka Lake, Odisha is reported. The area tectonically forms a northern part of Eastern Ghats belt. It occurs as small enclaves within the khondalite and pelitic granulite. The mineral assemblage includes spinel-sapphirine-garnet-cordierite-orthopyroxene-sillimanite-biotite-k-feldspar-plagioclase-quartz. Development of reaction textures and symplectites are common in the sapphirine-spinel granulites which have been used to describe reaction history. The relative XMg values among various minerals are as follows: cordierite &gt; biotite &gt; sapphirine &gt; orthopyroxene &gt; garnet &gt; spinel. The P-T evolution of these sapphirine-spinel granulites constrained through the pseudosection modelling in the NCKFMASH model system using Perple_X software indicate conditions of ultra-high temperature (UHT) metamorphism. The P-T estimates computed by isopleths define a retrograde trajectory with decompression of c.2.5 kbar from P-Tmax of c.10.5 kbar at c.950 °C. The sequence of reactions as deduced from the symplectite assemblages, together with pseudosection modelling, from the Kaithapalli area, offer greater opportunities for providing a better picture of petrological evolution of northern part of the Eastern Ghats Belt (EGB).
Mineralogical Characterisation of Beach Placers at Kantiaghar in Ganjam District, Odisha
Authors: Nayak Bhaktishree , Mohapatra Ranjan K. , Mangaraj Manoranjan , Venkatesh A. S. , Behera P. N. 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
This paper details with the beach placer deposit of Kantiaghar area of Ganjam district, Odisha. In Odisha, Atomic Mineral Division (AMD) has explored a stretch of about 150 km from south of river Mahanadi to Orissa-Andhra Pradesh border. Here the potential deposits posses a grade range from 5 to 30%. The heavy minerals are present in the beach and dunes around Kantiaghar, which is in the NE of Rusikulya river mouth. The prospect extends in NE-SW direction having a width of about 1000m. Heavy minerals occur up to a depth of 10 m. A total of 12 samples were collected at an interval of half km along the shore of Bay of Bengal. The heavy minerals are mostly of 170 micron size. The average heavy mineral content of Kantiaghar beach is 67%. The heavy minerals constitute sillimanite, ilmenite, garnet, rutile, monazite and zircon. Along with these minerals trace amounts of magnetite and hornblende is also present. Leucoxene and anatase are reported from this beach. The average percentage of sillimanite is 50.15%, ilmenite is 19.47%, garnet is 13.5%, and rutile is 3.7%, monazite is 1.21% and zircon is 0.93%, the number percentage of the heavy minerals clearly shows that the concentration of sillimanite is high.
Based on field relationships and mineralogy it can be interpreted that the river systems draining the Eastern Ghat, their metamorphic associates and basic intrusives account for these deposits.
Assessment of Groundwater Vulnerability Risk in Shallow Aquifers of Kandaihimmat Watershed, Hoshangabad, Madhya Pradesh
Authors: Malik Mohammad Subzar , Shukla J. P. 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Currently, groundwater contamination has become a challenging problem, because of its susceptibility to pollution both by natural and anthropogenic processes. The study focused on the appraisal of vulnerability chances of shallow aquifers of Kandaihimmat watershed. Employing the DRASTIC model which is based on seven hydrogeological data layers viz.: depth to water table, net recharge, aquifer media, soil media, topography, impact of the vadose zone and hydraulic conductivity of the aquifer. By integrating all these data layers within GIS environment vulnerability index of groundwater was prepared. The estimated vulnerability index varies between 121 and 206 and was divided into three vulnerable zones namely high, moderate and low. The results of the study reveal that 38.28 % area of the watershed is coming under low risk, 34.32 % under medium risk and 27.39 % to high risk. Furthermore, validation of the model was done by nitrate contamination in groundwater of the watershed. Results have shown that in high vulnerable zone nitrate was found &gt;10 mg/l, in moderate zone 5-10 mg/l, while in low vulnerable zone 0-5 mg/l. The model has been found applicable for the existing watershed and will help local authorities for managing the groundwater resources of the studied area.
Investigation of Ignition Delay for Low Molecular Weight Hydrocarbon Fuel by Using Shock Tube in Reflected Shock Mode
Authors: Sundararaj Aldin Justin , Pillai B. C. , Guna K. R. , Subash A. N. , Haran A. P. , Kumar Pradeep 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Shock tube facility in the Propulsion and High Enthalpy laboratory, Aerospace Engineering Department, has been extensively used to study the ignition characteristics of fuels by measuring the ignition delay times for various hydrocarbon fuels at high temperatures. Initially a systematic method has been followed to calibrate the shock tube for ignition delay time measurements by measuring the delay times of C2H6 – O2 gas mixture diluted with argon. The results show good agreement with earlier reported works of Ethane ignition. Ignition times of low molecular weight liquefied petroleum gas, a fuel used in many industrial and household applications has been studied in the temperature range of 1250-1880 K and in the pressure range of 6-11 atm at equivalence ratios (Φ = 0.5 & 1). The ignition delay was measured in the reflected shock region by recording the ignition-induced pressure rise and emission from CH radical simultaneously. From the present study it is noted that the ignition delay time for liquefied petroleum gas reduces with increase in temperature and its activation energy lies in the range of 40 kcal/mol.
Discrete Element Modeling of Strength and Failure Behavior of Transversely Isotropic Rock under Uniaxial Compression
Authors: Yin Peng-Fei , Yang Sheng-Qi 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
This paper presents a discrete element modeling (DEM) with particle flow code 2D (PFC2D) for simulating the mechanical behavior of artificial transversely isotropic rock under uniaxial compression. The DEM model is established with the approach of synthetic rock mass (SRM) modeling, i.e. embedding joints of weak plane to the bonded particle model (BPM) of intact rock for simulating the joint rock. Sensitivity of joint micro-parameters is analyzed to provide references for calibrating micro-parameters of artificial transversely isotropic rock in PFC2D. The uniaxial compression test of DEM model displays U-shape variation of uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) along with bedding angle which is same to that of artificial transversely isotropic rock, a non-ignorable diversity in UCS value compared with the artificial transversely isotropic rock is also presented, while the normalized values of them are of well-matching. The obtained information of type, counts and distribution of micro-crack in PFC2D after DEM model failure indicate a remarkable impact on failure behavior of transversely isotropic rock, which cannot be surveyed in laboratory test. Farther more, the bond force field and particle displacement field reveal that separation zones caused by tension arise at bedding angle below 45°, while the shear zone occurs at bedding angle above 45°.
Colorectal cancer epidemiology and clinical study in Misan
Authors: Alhilfi Haider Saadoon Qasim , Almohammadawi Khalid Obiad Mohsin , Alsaad Rasha Khalil Abduljalil , Ameen Nyaz Ahmed , Aliedani Basima Kadhim Abbood , Aldubaisi Husam Jihad Imran , Alshewered Ahmed Salih Hussien 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Introduction Colorectal carcinoma is commonest cancer of gastrointestinal tract. It is represent third cancer in man worldwide beyond lung and prostate cancers. It is fourth cancer in woman beyond breast, lung and uterus cancers. Deaths from colorectal cancer are more in compare with other GIT cancers.
Objective The aim is prove epidemiological and clinical data of colorectal cancer.
Method Our study conducted in Misan Province, Iraq. The data collected from 2013 to 2016. Seventy one patients that found have colorectal cancer. Gender, age, residency, site of cancer, family history, past history, year of onset, smoking history, alcohol intake, presentation, staging and histopathology pattern are get.
Results Prevalence of colon and rectum carcinoma is 3.75%. The most age group affected was 51–60 years as 30.99%. The gender and residency of patients have no effect on cancer percent. Obesity, Family history, cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption risk factors. In 42.25% of patients had family history of cancer.
Conclusion Most common site of colorectal carcinoma left colon, which present in 61.97%. There is increase in new cases detection of colorectal carcinoma from 2013 to 2016. Advanced stages cancer were most common stages description as IIIA, IIIB, IIIC and IV in 12.67%, 16.90%, 19.72% and 15.49%. The common histopathological pattern is differentiated adenocarcinoma as 53.52%.
Development of facial emotion recognition and empathy test (FERET) for primary school children
Authors: Coskun Kerem 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThis article reports on the development of the Facial Emotion Recognition and Empathy Test (FERET) as a reliable and valid tool for assessing facial emotion recognition and empathy skills in primary school-aged children. Pictures of human faces developed by the researcher were used as response options for the children. The range of response options and their associated scores were constructed based on the Two Factorial Consensual Mood Structure, which indicates dimensions of emotions. Four hundred and twenty-two primary school children participated in the research. The children were asked to recognise emotions and display the appropriate empathetic response. Data were analysed through item analysis, exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and Item Response Theory (IRT). As a result of item analysis, FERET has been designed to include 6 items related to facial expressions of key emotions and has been found to have an internal consistency coefficient of .82 and be unidimensional. Results from the IRT indicated that all the items in FERET discriminate better responders from poor responders. It was concluded that FERET can produce reliable and valid results in measuring facial emotion recognition and empathy skills among primary school children.
Young person’s well-being: Exploring material, subjective and relational factors
Authors: Rawsthorne Margot , Kinsela Grace , Paxton Karen , Luscombe Georgina 
Published: February 2019

AbstractYoung people’s well-being has attracted significant policy and research attention in Australia and internationally for at least three decades. Despite this, there is no consensus about what it means, how it can be measured or, most importantly, what supports young people’s well-being. This paper adopts a definition of well-being as a multidimensional process, comprising subjective, material and relational factors. Drawing on self-report data collected at two time points from young people (aged 9–14 years) living in rural and regional New South Wales (N= 342 at baseline andN= 217 Wave 2), this paper seeks to identify the salience of these factors to well-being, measured through Perceived Self-Efficacy. Our analysis suggests that a sense of belonging, safety and the presence of supportive adults all appear to support enhanced well-being. The paper concludes with recommendations for policy makers and communities wishing to better support the development of young people’s well-being.
A Cognitive Analysis of the PrepositionOVER: Image-schema transformations and metaphorical extensions
Authors: Mori Souma 
Published: February 2019

AbstractDewell (1994), following Brugman (1981) and Lakoff (1987), provides a semantic analysis ofoverby relying more exclusively on image-schema transformations than did Brugman and Lakoff. The Brugman-Lakoff-Dewell analysis, however, can be improved by using simpler image-schemas, more natural image-schema transformations, and metaphorical extensions. A key idea adopted in the present article is to capture both trajectors and landmarks three-dimensionally and topologically. This modification brings about the elimination of unessential features such as the shape and size of the trajector and the landmark, contact/non-contact between the trajector and the landmark, and physical properties of the trajector. Its main advantage is that a central image-schema for a semicircular path provides the basis for explaining all of the senses ofoverusing natural image-schema transformations and metaphorical extensions. The proposed image-schema transformations include: segment profiling, profiling the endpoint of access paths, the profiled peak position of the semicircular path with the constraint that the rest of the semicircular path is excluded, and the extension of the semicircular path-trajectory to an image of covering. The proposed metaphorical senses aretime, means,andcontrol.In addition, the radial category relating each sense ofoveris presented.