bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Knowledge and Practices of Nursing Personnel While Caring of Brain Dead Patients Potential for Organ Donation
Authors: Sharma Durgesh , Singh Neena Vir , Kaur Sukhpal , Kaur Mandeep , Jain Kajal 
Published: November 2024

Introduction Organ donation and transplantation is a life-saving procedure for patients with end-stage organ failure, but it depends on the availability of donor organs. Nurses play a major role to provide care to brain-dead patient potential for organ donation and efficient care to increase the organ’s survival. For years many efforts have been made to create awareness in public regarding organ donation but donors are still very less than demand. Most of the recipients are waiting for organs for more than 6–8 years and many died because of the paucity of donors. Hence, knowledge of nursing personnel is extremely important to the success of organ donation. Objective To assess the knowledge and practices of nursing personnel while caring of brain-dead patients potential for organ donation. Methodology A descriptive research design was adopted to carry out the study. The study was conducted among 30 nursing personnel caring for brain-dead patients from the automatic tube compensation ICU and various units of Nehru Hospital, PGIMER, Chandigarh. Nurses were given questionnaires to fill, including a sociodemographic data sheet and a knowledge questionnaire. The practices of caring for brain-dead patients were observed by using an observation checklist, and a total of 30 observations were made. Results The findings of the study revealed that 50% of nursing personnel had good knowledge about the care of brain-dead patients, 32% had average knowledge, whereas 18% had poor knowledge. There were 42 steps/items of practice regarding care of a brain dead patient. Around one third (38%) of the steps were followed by the participants, some of them followed 57% of the steps. Conclusion Only half of the nursing personnel were possessing good knowledge about the care of brain-dead patients and less than half were doing good practices about the care of brain-dead patients; hence, there is a need to educate the nursing personnel regarding caring of brain-dead patients.
Hounsfield unit values are useful for predicting early outcomes after acetabular fractures: a retrospective study
Authors: Ukai Taku , Tamaki Miyu , Sato Masato , Watanabe Masahiko 
Published: November 2024

Background: Acetabular fractures are among the most challenging orthopaedic fractures, and a high total hip arthroplasty (THA) conversion rate has been reported in older patients with acetabular fractures. Bone quality is a poor prognostic factor after acetabular fracture fixation and has been assessed using computed tomography (CT). However, the relationship between Hounsfield unit (HU) values measured using CT and early acetabular fracture outcomes remains unknown. This study aimed to elucidate the effect of HUs on early acetabular fracture outcomes. Methods: 50 consecutive patients who underwent open reduction and internal fixation for acetabular fractures were included. The mean follow-up duration was 24 months. 27 hips had elementary fractures and 23 had associated fractures. The reduction quality assessed using CT was as follows: anatomical, 13 hips; imperfect, 10 hips; and poor, 27 hips. Secondary hip osteoarthritis was observed in 5 patients (10%), and the surgery was converted to THA in 1 patient (2%). The HU values of the fifth vertebral body and the unaffected side of the femoral head were measured. The fracture type, radiological secondary hip osteoarthritis, conversion to THA, and postoperative displacement gap were recorded. Results: The unaffected femoral head HU values in elementary fractures (250.5 ± 50.5) were significantly higher than those in associated fractures (221.5 ± 48) ( p  < 0.047). The HU values of the fifth vertebral body and the unaffected femoral head were significantly correlated with the postoperative residual displacement gap and were significantly lower in those with secondary osteoarthritis than in those without it. The cut-off value for predicting early osteoarthritic change after an acetabular fracture was approximately 180. Conclusions: The HU values were correlated with the fracture type, postoperative displacement gap, and early osteoarthritic change after acetabular fractures and are clinically useful prognostic factors for early acetabular fracture outcomes.
An Observational Study of Regulatory Violations Related to Online Tobacco Product Marketing and Retailer Responses to US FDA Warning Letters
Authors: Apollonio Dorie E. , Dennehy Cathi E. , Tsourounis Candy , Wakefield Tanner 
Published: November 2024

Background Marketing of flavored tobacco products has drawn concern because they are used disproportionately by young people. Online retailers have marketed e-cigarette liquids and devices to minors despite knowing it is illegal. The onset of the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in substantial increases in online purchasing, however, there has been limited study of possible shifts in online tobacco product marketing associated with this change. Objectives We sought to identify types of tobacco regulatory violations in 2021-2022, marketing claims made by retailers, the extent to which retailers had processes in place to deter minors from browsing websites, and the types of flavors promoted. Design and Methods Our observational study was based on an initial sample of 100 tobacco retailers that had received FDA Warning Letters in 2020-2021. Using methods validated in previous research, we coded the letters for retailer information, violation type, and for retailers with an online presence, the types of products sold, and their marketing claims. Results Most retailers with violations were in the US South (48%), 65% had an online presence at the time of analysis, and 53% had a website that offered online product sales. The most common type of violation was the sale of new tobacco products without required marketing authorization (83%). For the retailers in the sample with active websites, 42% were still selling a product that the FDA had indicated was marketed unlawfully. Among these retailers with active websites, 32% did not have processes in place to deter access by minors. Advertised flavors focused on food (eg, mango, honey) and concepts (eg, “love”, “classic”). Conclusions Online retailers appeared less likely to remediate tobacco product violations identified by the FDA after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic than before it, and few websites had strong processes in place that would deter youth browsing.
Patients’ preferences for virtual outpatient consultations and health care professionals’ assessment of suitability for their patients: A single-centre survey
Authors: Schultz Anders Nikolai Ørsted , Honnens Søs , Bauer Eithne Hayes , Söderberg Kathrin , Kidholm Kristian , Christensen Robin , Kampmann Jan Dominik , Christiansen Anders , Brandt Frans 
Published: November 2024

Objectives To explore patients’ preferences regarding virtual consultations (via telephone or video) and to explore healthcare professionals’ assessment of whether virtual consultations can maintain the same clinical quality as in-person consultations for outpatient care. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted among patients with an in-person consultation at the outpatient clinic for internal medicine and among healthcare professionals who treated the patients. The prevalence of preference was determined using descriptive statistics based on cross-tabulated frequencies. Percentages are presented with 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). Results In total, 218 patients (response rate 67%) completed the questionnaire; 79 patients (36%) preferred a virtual consultation (95%CI: 30%–43%); telephones were the most popular and preferred by 72 patients (33%; 95%CI: 27%–39%) followed by video preferred by 54 patients (25%; 95%CI: 19%–31%). Regarding contextual factors, male gender and previous experiences with telephone or video consultations were statistically significant predictors in favour of virtual consultations. Healthcare professionals estimated that 58 consultations (21%; 95%CI: 17%–26%) could have been conducted virtually with the same professional and clinical quality as the current in-person consultations. Conclusions Current practice does not fully align with patient preferences for virtual visits in internal medicine outpatient clinics. Patients should be given the choice of virtual consultations whenever they are deemed professionally and clinically possible to enhance patient autonomy and satisfaction, while being mindful of speciality-specific considerations.
Conceptualising nursing theory and practice within a local cultural and professional context: a methodological example to inform theory development
Authors: Pagnucci Nicola , Tolotti Angela , Valcarenghi Dario , Carnevale Franco , Sasso Loredana , Bagnasco Annamaria 
Published: November 2024

Background: Nursing theories are crucial toward orienting the development of knowledge and practice. However, there is a persistent debate in the literature regarding the gap between theory and practice. Theories and conceptual models developed in Anglo-Saxon countries are often proposed within diverse educational and clinical contexts in other countries, generating challenges in their application in practice. Aim: This study aimed to develop and propose a methodology to promote the advancement of nursing theorising, considering local cultural and professional contexts. Methods: This analysis was conducted within Italy, which served as a local cultural and professional context exemplar for this investigation. A Scoping Review was used to map local nursing knowledge related to nursing practice. Fawcett’s metaparadigm was used as a general orienting frame for the literature analysis. Results: In light of the analysis conducted, the four disciplinary concepts related to the local (Italian) cultural and professional context were described (person, environment, health, nursing). Conclusion: This investigation aimed to present an example of how an inductive reflective approach can be used as a way to map nursing practice and define disciplinary concepts that can guide conceptual/theory development. The knowledge that was generated can orient initiatives to promote local nursing theory development.
Retrospective Comparative Study of Lefort I Osteotomies With External or Internal Maxillary Distraction Devices
Authors: Saha Ayush , Law Huay-Zong , Barceló Carlos Raul 
Published: November 2024

Introduction: This investigation aims to evaluate outcomes of LeFort I distraction osteogenesis (DO) using external distraction (ED) versus internal distraction (ID), focusing on acute complication rates and relapse/malocclusion necessitating a secondary LeFort I osteotomy. Factors associated with a higher likelihood of complication and secondary surgery are also described. Methods: A retrospective review of 467 electronic medical records was conducted for patients who underwent at least one maxillary or mandibular orthognathic procedure between 2003 and 2023. Results: Among these patients, 17% (79/467) underwent LeFort I with maxillary distraction and had at least 30 days of follow-up for acute complications. Eleven percent (50/467) underwent LeFort I with maxillary distraction and had at least 2 years of follow-up for the likelihood of a secondary LeFort I procedure. A statistically significant difference was seen in the number of acute complications for patients who used ED versus ID devices after LeFort I osteotomy with distraction. The need for secondary LeFort I osteotomy was not significantly different between patients using ED and ID devices. Conclusion: The complication and reoperation rates reported here may help counsel patients and families about potential outcomes and expectations for LeFort I advancement using ED and ID devices, as well as provide a point of comparison for future investigations.
Utility of caregiver signaling questions to detect neurocognitive impairment in children with sickle cell disease
Authors: Dandar Christina M. , Kearson Lakia , Longoria Jennifer N. , Potter Brian , King Allison A. , Gossett Jeffrey , Takemoto Clifford M. , Hankins Jane S. , Guolian Kang  , Heitzer Andrew M. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The American Society of Hematology cerebrovascular guidelines for sickle cell disease (SCD) recommend surveillance using signaling questions to screen for neurocognitive difficulties, although the clinical utility of these signaling questions has yet to be established. This study aimed to determine the clinical utility of caregiver signaling questions for detecting significant neurocognitive impairment (defined as &gt;1.5 standard deviation [SD] below the normative mean on ≥2 measures) and domain-specific impairment (defined as &gt;1.5 SD below the normative mean) in children and adolescents with SCD. A total of 421 caregivers of children with SCD aged 8 to 17 years (62% hemoglobin SS (HbSS) or hemoglobin S-beta zero (HbSβ0) thalassemia) were asked 7 signaling questions. Children completed performance-based neurocognitive and academic measures. Children who were reported to have repeated a grade, did not obtain primarily A/B grades in school, had a history of learning difficulties, or whose caregiver reported concern for their learning were more likely to have significant neurocognitive impairment and obtained lower scores across all measures (all q &lt; 0.05). History of learning difficulties emerged as the most sensitive and specific signaling question for detecting significant neurocognitive impairment (sensitivity, 0.64; specificity, 0.77) and domain-specific impairment (sensitivity range, 0.56-0.77; specificity range, 0.63-0.72). Cumulative caregiver report improved prediction of neurocognitive impairment beyond demographic/clinical factors alone. Although performance-based screening for all patients with SCD is the most effective means to identify those with neurocognitive or academic impairment, use of caregiver signaling questions represents a brief and low-cost method to improve the detection of patients with SCD in need of support.
Clonal hematopoiesis in patients with autoimmune thrombocytopenia: an international multicenter study
Authors: Fattizzo Bruno , Marchetti Alfredo , Bosi Alessandro , Gurnari Carmelo , Giannotta Juri Alessandro , Pedone Giacinto Luca , Rossi Elena , Carrai Valentina , Guido Andrea , Brioschi Filippo , Carpenedo Monica , Crugnola Monica , Caramazza Domenica , Leuzzi Livia , Marchetti Monia , Merati Gabriele , Malato Simona , Vianello Fabrizio , Patriarca Andrea , Awada Hussein , Bortolotti Marta , Canzi Marta , Bolli Niccolò , Capecchi Marco , Chen Frederick , Artoni Andrea , Maciejewski Jaroslaw P. , Barcellini Wilma 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Diagnostic boundaries between immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) and other thrombocytopenic states, such as thrombocytopenic myelodysplastic syndromes, may be difficult to establish, and the detection of somatic mutations by next-generation sequencing (NGS) may be of aid. Here, we aimed at characterizing the prevalence and clinical significance of clonal hematopoiesis in ITP. In this multicentric retrospective observational study, we enrolled 167 adult patients with ITP, followed at 13 centers in Italy, United Kingdom, and the United States. Patients underwent NGS evaluation after a median of 3.6 years from ITP onset, and 83% had received at least 1 therapy line, for a median of 2 lines (range, 0-9); 51 of 167 patients (30%) had at least 1 mutation. After exclusion of germ line variants and polymorphisms, 31 of 167 (18.5%) were defined as having clonal hemopoiesis. Most commonly mutated genes were TET2, DNMT3A, SRSF2, and ASXL1 (median variant allele frequency, 29%); 19 of 31 patients (68%) had high-risk variants, and 8 had multiple mutations. Mutated patients were more frequently older males and showed a shorter time from first to second-line therapy, particularly with thrombopoietin receptor agonist (TPO-RA). Additionally, clonal hematopoiesis was associated with increased thrombotic risk (26% vs 8% in NGS-negative cases; P = .01), independently from TPO-RA exposure, though with an age effect. These data demonstrated the prevalence of clonal hematopoiesis in 18% of adult patients with ITP, which is associated with older age, relapsed/refractory disease, and high risk of thrombotic complications.
Lipid metabolism-related gene signature predicts prognosis and unveils novel anti-tumor drugs in specific type of diffuse large B cell lymphoma
Authors: Wang Cancan , Zhang Ran , Zhang Huan , Gao Haixia , Zhu Yubing , Jiao Lichao , Yi Zhiqiang , Zhou Meiyu , Li Xinxia 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common type of lymphoma which possess highly aggressive and heterogeneous. Despite advances in understanding heterogeneity and development of novel targeted agents, the prognosis of DLBCL patients remains unsatisfied. Lipids are crucial components of biological membranes and signal transduction while accumulating evidence has supported the vital roles of abnormal lipid metabolism in tumorigenesis. Furthermore, some related pathways could serve as prognostic biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets. However, the clinical significance of abnormal lipid metabolism reprogramming in DLBCL has not been investigated. In the current study, we developed a prognostic risk model for DLBCL based on the abnormal expressed lipid metabolism genes and moreover based on our risk model we classified patients with DLBCL into novel subtypes and identified potential drugs for DLBCL patients with certain lipid metabolism profiles.

Methods
We utilized univariate Cox regression analysis to identify the prognosis-related lipid metabolism genes, and then performed LASSO Cox regression to identify prognostic related lipid metabolism related genes. Multivariate cox regression was used to establish the prognostic model. Patients were divided in to high and low risk groups based on the median risk score. Immune cell infiltration and GSEA were used to identify the pathways between high and low risk groups. Oncopredict algorithm was utilized to identify potential drug for high-risk patients. In vitro cell apoptosis and viability analysis were employed to verify the specific tumor inhibition effects of AZD5153.

Results
Nineteen survival related lipid metabolism genes TMEM176B, LAYN, RAB6B, MMP9, ATAD3B, SLC2A11, CD3E, SLIT2, SLC2A13, SLC43A3, CD6, SIRPG, NEK6, LCP2, CTTN, CXCL2, SNX22, BCL6 and FABP4 were identified and subjected to build the prognostic model which was further verified in four external microarray cohorts and one RNA seq cohorts. Tumor immune microenvironment analysis and GSEA results showed that the activation of MYC targets genes rather than immunosuppression contribute to the poor survival outcome of patients in the high-risk group. AZD5153, a novel bivalent BET bromodomain inhibitor which could inhibit the transcription of MYC and E2F exhibited specific antitumor function for cells with high-risk score.

Conclusions
Our results provide the first lipid metabolism-based gene signature for predicting the survival of patients with DLBCL. Furthermore, by determining novel subtypes with our lipid metabolism prognostic model we illustrated that drugs that compromising MYC target genes rather than immune checkpoint inhibitors may be beneficial to DLBCL patients with certain lipid metabolism profiles.
Novel perspectives on early diagnosis of acute compartment syndrome: the role of admission blood tests
Authors: Wang Tao , Long Yubin , Zhang Qi 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The role of admission blood indicators in patients with acute compartment syndrome (ACS) remains debated. Our primary purpose was to observe variations of admission blood indicators in patients with ACS, while our secondary goal was to explore potential biomarkers related to ACS.

Methods
We collected information on patients with tibial fracture between January 2013 and July 2023, and divided them into ACS and non-ACS groups. Propensity score matching (PSM) analysis was performed to lower the impact of potential confounding variables such as demographics and comorbidities. Admission blood indicators were analyzed using univariate, logistic regression, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses. Then, we established a nomogram prediction model by using R language software.

Results
After propensity PSM analysis, 127 patients were included in each group. Although numerous blood indicators were found to be relevant to ACS on univariate analysis, logistic regression analysis showed that monocytes (MON, p = 0.015), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII, p = 0.011), and creatine kinase myocardial band (CKMB, p < 0.0001) were risk factors for ACS. Furthermore, ROC curve analysis identified 0.79 × 109/L, 1082.55, and 20.99 U/L as the cut-off values to differentiate ACS patients from patients with tibial fracture. We also found that this combination had the highest diagnostic accuracy. Then, we constructed a nomogram prediction model with AUC of 0.869 for the prediction model, with good consistency in the correction curve and good clinical practicality by decision curve analysis.

Conclusions
We found that the levels of MON, SII, and CKMB were related to ACS and may be potential biomarkers. We also identified their cut-off values to separate patients with ACS from those with tibial fracture, helping orthopedists promptly evaluate and take early measures. We established a nomogram prediction model that can efficiently predict ACS in patients with tibial fracture.