bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kandungan Lignin, Selulosa dan Bahan Ekstrak Tanpa Nitrogen L.Minor Hasil Fermentasi Menggunakan Trichoderma harzianum dan Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Setiyatwan Hendi 
Published: August 2019

Latar Belakang dan Tujuan: L. minor telah digunakan sebagai pakan ternak, mengandung nutrient sangat lengkap yaitu protein kasar (22,4%), asam amino lisin (6,9%), metionin (1,4%), dan histidin (2,7%) tetapi kandungan serat kasar (10,16%) dan lignin (17,98%) tinggi. Penggunaan L. minor pada unggas dibatasi hingga 5%. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan kandungan lignin, selulosa paling rendah dan bahan ekstrak tanpa nitrogen paling tinggi L. minor hasil fermentasi dengan menggunakan Trichoderma harzianum (Th) dan Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Sc). Bahan dan Metode: Fermentasi L. minor dibagi menjadi dua tahap: I. Th (3 x 107 spora / 100 gram substrat) dengan menambahkan ZnCO3 (186 ppm) dan dl-methionine (286 ppm); II. Sc (3 x 107 spora / 100 gram substrat). Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan 20 unit percobaan. Perlakuan terdiri atas P1 (Fermentasi menggunakan Th selama 1 hari dilanjutkan dengan Sc selama 9 hari), P2 (Th selama 3 hari dilanjutkan dengan Sc selama 7 hari), P3 (Th selama 5 hari dilanjutkan dengan Sc selama 5 hari), P4 ( Th selama 7 hari dilanjutkan dengan Sc selama 3 hari), P5 (Th selama 9 hari dilanjutkan dengan Sc selama 1 hari) diulang empat kali. Pengaruh perlakuan dianalisis dengan analisis varian dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan untuk mengetahui perbedaan antara perlakuan. Hasil: Fermentasi menggunakan Th dan Sc memiliki efek yang signifikan (P <0,05) pada kandungan lignin, selulosa dan bahan ekstrak tanpa nitrogen. Waktu fermentasi paling baik adalah fermentasi dengan menggunakan Th selama 3 hari dan Sc selama 7 hari (P2) yang meningkatkan BETN (34,42%), dan menurunkan Lignin(1,25%) dan Selulosa (10,62%). Kesimpulan: Fermentasi L. minor dengan kombinasi Th selama 3 hari dan Sc selama 7 hari dengan menambahkan dl-methionine dan Zn telah menghasilkan BETN tertinggi, kandungan lignin dan selulosa terendah.Kata kunci: Kualitas nutrien L. minor, itik, fermentasi, Trichoderma harzianum, Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
PERFORMANCE OF BROILER CHICKEN THAT GIVES RATION CONTAINING FERMENTATION OF CATFISH WASTE (Clarias sp.) USING RED GUAVA MOL (Psidium guajava L.)
Authors: Widianingrum Dini 
Published: August 2019

The research was conducted at Faculty of Agriculture Laboratory Majalengka University. The objective of the research was to get the level use of catfish waste as a source of animal protein in broiler chicken rations. This reseach uses a completely randomized design (CRD) with four treatments R0 (0%), R1 (8%), R2 (16) and R3 (24%) waste catfish and each treatment was repeated five times. Observed variables were body weight increase, feed consumption and feed conversion. The results showed that the use of fermented catfish waste as much as 16% in the ration resulted in the best performance of broiler chickens, namely body weight gain 1097.75 grams, ration consumption 2143.75 grams, and conversion ration 1.95.
Parents with an Unemployed Adult Child: Consumption, Income, and Savings Effects
Authors: Edwards Kathryn Anne , Wenger Jeffrey B. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The risk of labor market, health, and asset-value shocks comprise profound retirement savings challenges for older workers. Parents, however, may experience added risk if their children experience adverse labor market shocks. Prior research has shown that parents support their children financially through an unemployment spell. In this paper, we also provide evidence of financial support from parents and investigate if this financial support is accompanied by adjustments to parental consumption, income, or savings behavior. With longitudinal data on mothers and children from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics, we use within-mother variation in behavior to identify the effect of a child’s labor market shock on parent outcomes. We find evidence of a decline in consumption, an increase in labor supply, and a decrease retirement savings, though the results are heterogenous among mothers. Our results point to aggregate inefficiencies and inequities that may result from family risk sharing.
Economics of Artificial Intelligence: Implications for the Future of Work
Authors: Ernst Ekkehardt , Merola Rossana , Samaan Daniel 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The current wave of technological change based on advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) has created widespread fear of job loss and further rises in inequality. This paper discusses the rationale for these fears, highlighting the specific nature of AI and comparing previous waves of automation and robotization with the current advancements made possible by a widespread adoption of AI. It argues that large opportunities in terms of increases in productivity can ensue, including for developing countries, given the vastly reduced costs of capital that some applications have demonstrated and the potential for productivity increases, especially among the low skilled. At the same time, risks in the form of further increases in inequality need to be addressed if the benefits from AI-based technological progress are to be broadly shared. For this, skills policies are necessary but not sufficient. In addition, new forms of regulating the digital economy are called for that prevent further rises in market concentration, ensure proper data protection and privacy, and help share the benefits of productivity growth through the combination of profit sharing, (digital) capital taxation, and a reduction in working time. The paper calls for a moderately optimistic outlook on the opportunities and risks from AI, provided that policymakers and social partners take the particular characteristics of these new technologies into account.
Performance Evaluation of Deep Neural Networks Applied to Speech Recognition: RNN, LSTM and GRU
Authors: Shewalkar Apeksha , Nyavanandi Deepika , Ludwig Simone A. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Deep Neural Networks (DNN) are nothing but neural networks with many hidden layers. DNNs are becoming popular in automatic speech recognition tasks which combines a good acoustic with a language model. Standard feedforward neural networks cannot handle speech data well since they do not have a way to feed information from a later layer back to an earlier layer. Thus, Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) have been introduced to take temporal dependencies into account. However, the shortcoming of RNNs is that long-term dependencies due to the vanishing/exploding gradient problem cannot be handled. Therefore, Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks were introduced, which are a special case of RNNs, that takes long-term dependencies in a speech in addition to short-term dependencies into account. Similarily, GRU (Gated Recurrent Unit) networks are an improvement of LSTM networks also taking long-term dependencies into consideration. Thus, in this paper, we evaluate RNN, LSTM, and GRU to compare their performances on a reduced TED-LIUM speech data set. The results show that LSTM achieves the best word error rates, however, the GRU optimization is faster while achieving word error rates close to LSTM.
Xanthogranulomatous colloid cyst: Radiologic– pathologic correlation and diagnostic difficulties
Authors: Soldatelli Matheus D. , de Oliveira Francine Hehn , de Medeiros Klaes Amália Izaura Nair , da Silva Rafael Sodré , Martins Antunes Ápio Cláudio , Bianchin Marino Muxfeldt , Duarte Juliana Ávila 
Published: August 2019

Background:
Despite colloid cyst in the third ventricle is a very usual cause of hydrocephalus, its xanthogranulomatous variant is rare. The most important differential diagnosis is the third ventricular craniopharyngioma. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, there have been few cases of xanthogranulomatous variant colloid cysts reported in the English literature.

Case Description:
A 77-year-old white woman presented with headaches, memory loss, and abnormal gait for the past 4 months. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a solid cystic lesion measuring 3.0 cm×2.8 cm×2.9 cm located inside the anterior portion of the third ventricle causing obstructive hydrocephalus. The posterior portion of the lesion was predominantly solid and hypointense on T2 and T1, with areas of post- contrast enhancement, and the anterior portion was predominantly cystic with both hyper- and hypointense areas on T1 and T2, with no suppression on fluid-attenuated inversion recovery and no restriction to diffusion. The patient underwent a left frontal craniotomy with pterional approach, and the lesion was removed microsurgically.

Conclusion:
Xanthogranulomatous reaction is rarely described in colloid cysts, which happens as a response to desquamation of epithelial lining, subsequent lipid accumulation, and as tissue inflammatory response to intracystic hemorrhage. Microsurgical resection is the treatment of choice. As compared to the plain colloid cyst, these lesions are difficult to fully excise as the inflammatory reaction to the xanthomatous material leads to adhesions to adjacent structures; therefore, the aspiration of cystic contents without spillage is advisable to achieve maximal resection of cyst walls.
Case of the Week: Preoperative MR/CT Diagnosis of Left L2-L3 Disc Surgically Documented As Massive Synovial Cyst
Authors: Epstein Nancy E. 
Published: August 2019

Background:
The diagnosis of a lumbar herniated disc, stenosis, and other degenerative findings are typically established preoperatively with MR scans, supplemented with non-contrast CT studies. Here, a 77-year-old female, diagnosed as having L2-S1 stenosis and a large left-sided L2-L3 herniated disc was found at surgery to have a massive left-sided L2-L3 synovial cyst.

Case Description:
A 77-year-old female was followed by pain management for 6-months with proximal left lower extremity weakness. The lumbar MR at that time was read as demonstrating a large left L2-L3 disc herniation with inferior migration to the L3 mid pedicle level, accompanied by L2-S1 lumbar stenosis. When she finally consulted neurosurgery, she exhibited severe left iliopsoas and quadriceps weakness (2/5), absent lower extremity reflexes, and profound decreased pin appreciation in the left L2-L3 distributions. The repeat MR and new CT studies confimred a large left L2-L3 disc accompanied by moderate/marked L2-S1 stenosis. However, at surgery, consisting of a laminectomy L2-S1, the supposed left L2-L3 disc proved to be a massive synovial cyst. Postoperatively, the patient regained normal function, and remained neurologically intact 6 months later.

Conclusion:
In this 77 year-old female, the preoperative MR and CT scans were interpreted as showing a “typical” large left L2-L3 herniated disc. This proved at surgery to be a massive left L2-L3 synovial cyst. As demonstrated in this case, older patients with degenerative lumbar disease/stenosis, may have synovial cysts that mimic disc herniations both clinically and on preoperative diagnostic studies.
PRODUÇÃO E USO DE DEQUES MODULARES DE BAMBU E MADEIRA
Authors: Ostapiv Fabiano , Salamon Celso 
Published: August 2019

Este trabalho mostra a produção manual de ripas de bambu a partir de colmos de Dendrocalamus asper, usando ferramentas e procedimentos simples. As ripas de bambu foram produzidas por faqueamento e usadas, junto com ripas comerciais de madeira de araucária, para construir deques modulares quadrados de 40 por 40 cm. Estes deques podem ser utilizados de modos diferentes para montar móveis, portas, janelas, paredes, divisórias, forros e pisos. Foi feita a análise de tempos e movimentos produtivos para a produção de 40 deques modulares de bambu e madeira. Para a produção dos lotes foram usadas 160 ripas de bambu extraídas da base dos colmos de bambu e outras 160 ripas retiradas da região do meio dos colmos. Verificou-se que o tempo para a produção manual de ripas de bambu da região da base é do colmo é em média, 27% maior que o tempo para obtenção de ripas da região do meio do colmo. Por fim, foi feita uma sugestão de um arranjo produtivo para a fabricação seriada dos deques modulares de bambu e madeira. .
MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PAI DI LEMBAGA FILANTROPI PENDIDIKAN: Studi di Panti Asuhan Putra Al-Islam Yogyakarta
Authors: Alam Naufal Ahmad Rijalul 
Published: August 2019

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk: 1) Merumuskan model pembelajaran PAI yang efektif di Lembaga filantropi Pendidikan, 2) Menganalisis faktor pendukung dan penghambat model pembelajaran PAI pada lembaga filantropi pendidikan di Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Model penelitian kualitatif ini menggunakan teknik analisis data Miles and Huberman. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan teknik observasi dan wawancara. Kesimpulan yang dihasilkan adalah: 1) model pembelajaran PAI di Panti Asuhan Putra Al-Islam Giwangan menggunakan Model George Betts, 2) Faktor pendukung model pembelajaran PAI ada 5: (a) Sistem pembelajaran; (b) Lingkungan, sarana dan prasarana; (c) Strategi Pembelajaran; (d) Metode pembelajaran, dan (e) Media pembelajaran. Sedangkan faktor penghambat ada 3: (a) Ketidaksiapan pendidik dan peserta didik (b) Kurikulum yang tidak dijalankan secara penuh; (c) Terbatasnya jumlah buku pelajaran.
Use of growth regulators and experimental LED phytoirradiator in clonal micropropagation of garden strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa, Duchesne ex Weston)
Authors: Markova M. G. , Somova E. N. 
Published: August 2019

The article provides experimental data of 2017-2018 study on the effect of growth regulators and LED phytoirradiator on the proliferation and rooting of promising garden strawberry (Fragaria ananassa) varieties in vitro. Micro-shoots of Korona and Brighton strawberry varieties were taken as the object of the research. Strawberry micro-shoots were cultivated under fluorescent lamps in the control variant. A programmable combined blinking LED phytoirradiator was under study. The combined effect of cytokinin and gibberellic acid by adding them to the Murashige and Skoog nutrient medium, as well as the impact of Siliplant and EcoFus growth regulators on strawberry micropropagation has been studied. It was established that in the cultivation of Korona variety the combined use of Siliplant and EcoFus under illumination with LED phytoirradiator provided an increase in the reproduction factor. The coefficient was 5.0 pcs./explant that was 1.7 times higher than the control (3.0 pcs/explant), the LSD05 1.4 pcs/explant. The maximum reproduction factor of remontant strawberry Brighton variety was obtained in the variant with the use of Siliplant and LED phytoirradiator and amounted to 4.9 pcs./explant (4.2 pcs./explant in the control), the LSD05 was 1.5 pcs./ explant. Regardless of the lighting, the use of RibavExtra in all variants under study increased the rooting rate of the strawberry Korona micro-shoots from 92.8 to 99.1%, the LSD05 6.1%. The use of LED phytoirradiator in comparison with the luminescent one (94.3%) provided a significant increase in the rooting rate of the strawberry Korona micro-shoots to 98.1% regardless of the growth regulators used, the LSD05 3.5%. The combined use of LED phytoirradiator and Ribav-Extra growth regulator in concentrations of 1.0 and 1.5 mg/l resulted in rooting of strawberry Korona micro-shoots up to 100%. Regardless of the growth regulator used, the use of LED phytoirradiator in comparison with the luminescent one (88.9%) provided a significant increase in the rooting rate of the strawberry Brighton micro-shoots to 97.2%, the LSD05 4.6%. The rooting rate of the remontant strawberry Brighton microshoots was 100% in the variant with the use of Ribav-Extra in the concentration of 1.0 mg /l combined with LED phytoirradiator 20 days after transplanting for rooting.
Expansion of assortment of functional gingerbread products
Authors: Lapteva N. K. , Mitkinykh L. V. 
Published: August 2019

In order to expand the range of flour confectionary for healthy nutrition, documentation on new gingerbread products with increased food value was developed in 2017-2018. They are Prune gingerbread (kovrizhka) and gingerbread (pryanik) "Zabava", "Fantaziya", "Vdokhnovenie". The nutrition value of new gingerbread products is defined by the content of medium rye flour, sunflower oil, prunes, dried apricots, cocoa powder which enrich the products with many micronutrients necessary for a human body such as food fibers, mineral substances, vitamins, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). Prune gingerbread exceeds the production analog (Tula gingerbread) in the content of food fibers (3.6%), vitamin E (2.9 mg%) and vitamin B1 (0.11 mg%) by 2.25; 4.1 and 1.37 times, respectively. It also has more mineral substances (K, P, Ca, Mg, Fe) in comparison with the control - 2.0; 1.3; 1.4; 2.4; 1.4 times, respectively. Energy value of Prune gingerbread is 8.8% lower than that of the production analog (Tula gingerbread). In 100 grams of Prune gingerbread and gingerbreads "Zabava", "Fantaziya", "Vdokhnovenie" there are from 2.9 to 4.0 g of polyunsaturated linoleic acid that satisfy the minimum body need a day. Gingerbreads "Zabava", "Fantaziya", "Vdokhnovenie" exceed the production analog (gingerbreads “Festivalnye”) in the content of mineral substances (K, Ca, Mg, P, Fe) in total – by 46.4; 98.4; 45.0%, respectively; in food fibers – by 1.7-2.2 times; in vitamin E – by 1.9-2.0 times. New gingerbread products are functional as they contain 26.4-36.4% of average daily body need in PUFA and 29.0-37.0% of vitamin E. Gingerbreads 'Zabava' and 'Fantaziya' contain respectively 17.0 and 20.0% of average daily body need in food fibers and 15.7% – in iron.
APLIKASI LAYANAN ANGKUTAN KAPAL DI PT. PELAYARAN TEMPURAN EMAS, TBK BANJARMASIN BERBASIS WEB
Authors: Indah Purnomo Indu 
Published: August 2019

Dermaga merupakan sebuah fasilitas di sungai, atau danau untuk menerima kapal dan memindahkan barang. Perkembangan dermaga sangat ditentukan aktivitas perdagangannya, semakin ramai aktivitas perdagangan didermaga tersebut maka akan semakin besar dermaga tersebut. Perkembangan perdagangan juga mempengaruhi jenis kapal dan lalu lintas kapal yang melewati dermaga tersebut, dengan demikian perkembangannya lalu lintas angkutan laut, teknologi bongkar muat, hal ini menuntut dermaga dalam meningkatkan kualitas peran dan fungsinya sebagai terminal point bagi barang dan kapal. Oleh karena itu, setiap daerah berusaha membangun dan mengembangkan dermaganya sesuai dengan tingkat keramaian dan jenis perdagangan yang ditampung oleh dermaga tersebut. Dinas perhubungan komunikasi dan informatika merupakan salah satu organisasi yang ada dalam kegiatan dermaga yang menangani kegiatan membongkar muatan kapal, penanganan bongkar muat kapal meliputi membongkar dan memuat isi muatan kapal yang mana setiap kapal memiliki jenis muatan tersendiri. Dari hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan diperoleh dari kesimpulan Aplikasi dapat dijadikan sebagai pelengkap dari kegiatan Bongkar Muat barang, dimana aplikasi ini menawarkan sesuatu yang daoat mempermudah dalam pendataan serta memberikan laporan yang akurat.
Predictors of patient satisfaction following 1- or 2-level anterior cervical discectomy and fusion: insights from the Quality Outcomes Database
Authors: Asher Anthony L. , Devin Clinton J. , Kerezoudis Panagiotis , Nian Hui , Alvi Mohammed Ali , Khan Inamullah , Sivaganesan Ahilan , Harrell Frank E. , Archer Kristin R. , Bydon Mohamad 
Published: August 2019

OBJECTIVEPatient satisfaction with treatment outcome is gaining an increasingly important role in assessing the value of surgical spine care delivery. Nationwide data evaluating the predictors of patient satisfaction in elective cervical spine surgery are lacking. The authors sought to decipher the impacts of the patient, surgical practice, and surgeon on satisfaction with outcome following anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF).METHODSThe authors queried the Quality Outcomes Database for patients undergoing 1- to 2-level ACDF for degenerative spine disease since 2013. Patient satisfaction with the surgical outcome as measured by the North American Spine Society (NASS) scale comprised the primary outcome. A multivariable proportional odds logistic regression model was constructed with adjustments for baseline patient characteristics and surgical practice and surgeon characteristics as fixed effects.RESULTSA total of 4148 patients (median age 54 years, 48% males) with complete 12-month NASS satisfaction data were analyzed. Sixty-seven percent of patients answered that “surgery met their expectations” (n = 2803), while 20% reported that they “did not improve as much as they had hoped but they would undergo the same operation for the same results” (n = 836). After adjusting for a multitude of patient-specific as well as hospital- and surgeon-related factors, the authors found baseline Neck Disability Index (NDI) score, US geographic region of hospital, patient race, insurance status, symptom duration, and Workers’ compensation status to be the most important predictors of patient satisfaction. The discriminative ability of the model was satisfactory (c-index 0.66, overfitting-corrected estimate 0.64).CONCLUSIONSThe authors’ results found baseline NDI score, patient race, insurance status, symptom duration, and Workers’ compensation status as well as the geographic region of the hospital to be the most important predictors of long-term patient satisfaction after a 1- to 2-level ACDF. The findings of the present analysis further reinforce the role of preoperative discussion with patients on setting treatment goals and realistic expectations.
PENGGUNAAN POLIETILEN GLIKOL SEBAGAI TEKNIK INVIGORASI UNTUK MEMPERBAIKI VIABILITAS, VIGOR, DAN PRODUKSI BENIH KEDELAI
Authors: Ernita Ernita , Mairizki Fitri 
Published: August 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi dan lama perendaman polietilen glikol (PEG) secara interaksi maupun masing-masing faktor utama terhadap viabilitas, vigor dan produksi benih kedelai. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Islam Riau, Desember 2015 sampai April 2016. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap Faktorial 4 x 4 dengan 3 ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah konsentrasi PEG terdiri atas 4 taraf : 0,0; 2,5; 5,0 dan 7,5%. Faktor kedua adalah lama perendaman juga terdiri atas 4 taraf : 2; 4; 6 dan 8 jam. Parameter yang diamati yaitu daya kecambah, kecepatan tumbuh, indeks vigor, panjang plumule, panjang akar, jumlah polong berisi penuh dan bobot biji kering per tanaman. Hasil pengamatan dianalisis secara statistik dengan menggunakan analisis ragam dan bila berpengaruh nyata, diuji lanjut dengan menggunakan uji BNJ pada taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan konsentrasi PEG dan lama perendaman berpengaruh nyata terhadap daya kecambah, kecepatan tumbuh, indeks vigor, panjang plumule, panjang akar, jumlah polong berisi penuh dan bobot biji kering per tanaman. Kombinasi taraf faktor terbaik adalah konsentrasi PEG 7,5% dan lama perendaman 6 jam.