bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Survey for New Members of Taurus from Stellar to Planetary Masses∗
Authors: Esplin T. L. , Luhman K. L. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
We present a large sample of new members of the Taurus star-forming region that extend from stellar to planetary masses. To identify candidate members at substellar masses, we have used color–magnitude diagrams and proper motions measured with several wide-field optical and infrared (IR) surveys. At stellar masses, we have considered the candidate members that were found in a recent analysis of high-precision astrometry from the Gaia mission. Using new and archival spectra, we have measured spectral types and assessed membership for these 161 candidates, 79 of which are classified as new members. Our updated census of Taurus now contains 519 known members. According to Gaia data, this census should be nearly complete for spectral types earlier than M6–M7 at A

J
< 1. For a large field encompassing ∼72% of the known members, the census should be complete for K < 15.7 at A

J
< 1.5, which corresponds to ∼5–13 M
Jup for ages of 1–10 Myr based on theoretical evolutionary models. Our survey has doubled the number of known members at ≥M9 and has uncovered the faintest known member in M

K
, which should have a mass of ∼3–10 M
Jup for ages of 1–10 Myr. We have used mid-IR photometry from the Spitzer Space Telescope and the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer to determine whether the new members exhibit excess emission that would indicate the presence of circumstellar disks. The updated disk fraction for Taurus is ∼0.7 at ≤M3.5 and ∼0.4 at >M3.5.
Broadband X-Ray Spectral and Timing Analyses of the Black Hole Binary Candidate Swift J1658.2–4242: Rapid Flux Variation and the Turn-on of a Transient QPO
Authors: Xu Yanjun , Harrison Fiona A. , Tomsick John A. , Barret Didier , Gandhi Poshak , García Javier A. , Miller Jon M. , Uttley Phil , Walton Dominic J. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
We report results from joint Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array, Swift, and XMM-Newton observations of the newly discovered black hole X-ray binary candidate Swift J1658.2–4242 in the intermediate state. We observe a peculiar event in this source, with its X-ray flux rapidly decreasing by ∼45% in ∼40 s, accompanied by only subtle changes in the shape of the broadband X-ray spectrum. In addition, we find a sudden turn-on of a transient quasi-periodic oscillation (QPO) with a frequency of 6–7 Hz around the time of the flux change, and the total fractional rms amplitude of the power spectrum increases from ∼2% to ∼10%. The X-ray spectral and timing analyses indicate that the flux decrease is driven by intrinsic changes in the accretion flow around the black hole, rather than intervening material along the line of sight. In addition, we do not significantly detect any relativistic disk reflection component, indicating it is much weaker than previously observed while the source was in the bright hard state. We propose accretion disk instabilities triggered at a large disk radius as the origin of the fast transition in spectral and timing properties, and discuss possible causes of the unusual properties observed in Swift J1658.2–4242. The prompt flux variation detected along with the emergence of a QPO makes the event an interesting case for investigating QPO mechanisms in black hole X-ray binaries.
Determining the Dominant Acceleration Mechanism during Relativistic Magnetic Reconnection in Large-scale Systems
Authors: Guo Fan , Li Xiaocan , Daughton William , Kilian Patrick , Li Hui , Liu Yi-Hsin , Yan Wangcheng , Ma Dylan 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
While a growing body of research indicates that relativistic magnetic reconnection is a prodigious source of particle acceleration in high-energy astrophysical systems, the dominant acceleration mechanism remains controversial. Using a combination of fully kinetic simulations and theoretical analysis, we demonstrate that Fermi-type acceleration within the large-scale motional electric fields dominates over direct acceleration from non-ideal electric fields within small-scale diffusion regions. This result has profound implications for modeling particle acceleration in large-scale astrophysical problems, as it opens up the possibility of modeling the energetic spectra without resolving microscopic diffusion regions.
Biodiversity Portal of the Northern Part of West Siberia, Russia
Authors: Filippova Nina , Filippov Ilya , Ivanova Natalya 
Published: July 2019

Biodiversity-related studies in the northern part of West Siberia are relatively recent in line with intensive industrial development of the region in recent decades. The region posesses few biological collections within the universities and nature reserves. Still, the Department of Natural Resources pays considerable attention to the sustainable use of natural resources. On the global scale, the success of biodiversity informatics goals largely depends on the local initiatives and progress in data mobilization and sharing. Therefore, organization of regional biodiversity portals is important to promote data mobilization, education and citizen science on local scale.
Previous experience of biodiversity information systems in the region was low. The program on digitization of observations of Red Listed species was launched in 2010 under the support of the Department of Natural Resources of Yugra. The information system for Red Listed species registrations was developed through this project and currently includes about three thousand observations. Another example of digitization in Western Siberia was developed by the biological collection of Yugra State University. Its database is based on the database management system Specify and available online through its web portal (http://bioportal.ugrasu.ru). Some collections of nature reserves have their catalogues in digital form. The need of biodiversity data mobilization is well understood and is discussed at regular workshops on biological collections management held in Khanty-Mansiysk.
Recently, the biologists curating several biological collections in the region started a project on a regional biodiversity portal development (https://nwsbios.org). The portal has three major components:

the database of collections based on Specify software (http://bioportal.ugrasu.ru),

the metadata of different sources of biodiversity information in the region,

an educational platform for learning biodiversity informatics, using data published via GBIF and DwC standards.

the database of collections based on Specify software (http://bioportal.ugrasu.ru),
the metadata of different sources of biodiversity information in the region,
an educational platform for learning biodiversity informatics, using data published via GBIF and DwC standards.
This initiative of biodiversity data mobilization in the region includes the organization of workshops, discussions and newsletters helping to reach potential data holders and coordinate work. Through this work four different organizations from Khanty-Mansi region have registered accounts in GBIF since 2019 and started uploading data to the GBIF portal. At present there are about 25,000 observations mobilized in GBIF from the Khanty-Mansi and Yamalo-Nenets regions.
The integrated massive publishing of data in the portal will provide new opportunities for biodiversity research and sustainable management of nature resources in the northern part of West Siberia.
The Microbial Antarctic Resource System: Integrating discoverability and preservation of environmentally-annotated microbial 'omics data
Authors: Sweetlove Maxime , Gan Yi Ming , Murray Alison , Van de Putte Anton 
Published: July 2019

Microbial organisms - including Archaea, Bacteria and unicellular Eukaryota - collectively dominate the Earth in terms of bio- and functional diversity. Their study, often constrained by technology, has strongly benefited from the recent advancements in high-throughput DNA sequencing techniques. The vast amounts of microbial data generated in the wake of these developments, however, remains severely underrepresented on open access biodiversity data repositories (e.g. the Global Biodiversity Information Facility; GBIF). Moreover, when sequencing data has been made publicly available, is often poorly annotated with metadata and environmental variables, making it difficult to find or query. Therefore, the microbial Antarctic Resource System (mARS) aims to fill this lacuna by documenting and geo-referencing microbial datasets and linking the sequence data in the International Nucleotide Sequence Database Collaboration (INSDC) repositories with the associated environmental measurements on mARS, which is aimed to be interoperable with both INSDC and GBIF. This way, mARS helps to preserve environmental data and the metadata that is crucial for the correct processing and interpretation of sequence data, while it also connects researchers via its webportal to the existing wealth of molecular information, and allows these datasets to be more effectively accessed. Given the general complexity of microbial ecological datasets, mARS needs to operate between different data archiving standards, such as MIxS (see https://press3.mcs.anl.gov/gensc/mixs/), which is oriented towards DNA sequence data, and the biodiversity-based DarwinCore standard.
Currently, mARS tries to address the challenges of integrating microbial data with these existing systems as well as connecting with the communities behind them, by documenting the datasets on GBIF's extensions or investigate the feasibility of routinely processing raw sequence data into occurrence datasets using the open computing facilities offered by the European Molecular Biology Laboratory's (EMBL) MGnify resource.
Interprofessionnalité : de qui parlons-nous ?
Authors: Tahou Anna 
Published: July 2019

L’interprofessionnalité est un des piliers qui contribuent à l’aide et l’amélioration des soins donc particulièrement à l’accompagnement des personnes âgées en situation palliative. L’investissement de chacun et l’association des diverses compétences, fait en sorte que les résidents ne sont pas seuls dans cette ultime étape de leur vie et les collaborateurs participent activement à leur accompagnement. Grâce aux échanges, aux réflexions entre collaborateurs les compétences différents sont en fait complémentaires et enrichi chacun dans son parcours professionnel : « cela fait de nous ce que nous sommes aujourd’hui » selon Anna rédactrice de cet article.
Chapter 3. The UNESCO Declaration on Ethical Principles in Relation to Climate Change: The Rehabilitation of Values in the Service of the Efficiency of Law
Authors: Tribolo Julie 
Published: July 2019

La déclaration adoptée le 13 Novembre 2017 par l’UNESCO établit une liste restreinte de principes éthiques qui ont vocation à guider la prise de décision et l’élaboration des politiques de lutte contre le changement climatique à tous les niveaux, aussi bien local, que national, régional et international. Elle s’adresse dans cette perspective aussi bien aux décideurs politiques et institutionnels qu’aux entreprises, aux associations et aux individus, afin de mobiliser l’ensemble de la société pour faire face au changement climatique. Si les buts que se sont donnés les rédacteurs de la déclaration paraissent sans nul doute encourageants et pleinement justifiés au regard de la nécessité d’une action globale en la matière, l’on ne peut en revanche manquer de s’interroger sur l’instrument choisi pour les mettre en œuvre, l’éthique. Ce choix suggère en effet un texte affecté de deux limites évidentes, à défaut d’être rédhibitoires : un caractère non contraignant d’une part et une crédibilité limitée résultant de l’utilisation des valeurs d’autre part. Dans ces conditions, une question s’impose inévitablement : pourquoi l’éthique ?
L’effet émergence sur la gouvernance économique mondiale au prisme des Relations internationales, de l’Économie politique internationale et de l’Économie internationale
Authors: Berthaud Pierre 
Published: July 2019

Ce texte passe en revue une vaste littérature consacrée à l’analyse de « l’effet émergence » sur la gouvernance économique mondiale. Il distingue trois types de contributions associées à trois champs disciplinaires. Les Relations internationales mettent l’accent sur la question de l’ordre et de l’hégémonie . L’Économie politique internationale fournit un outillage pour appréhender la question du leadership . Enfin, l’Économie internationale éclaire les enjeux de répartition et d’endogénéité dans le contexte de l’hyperglobalisation. Classification JEL : A12, F02, F5, F6, F15, P16
Le travail à temps partiel dans un pays en développement : l’exemple du Cameroun
Authors: Bakehe Novice Patrick 
Published: July 2019

Dans cette étude, nous analysons le travail à temps partiel des actifs camerounais en distinguant temps partiel choisi et temps partiel subi. Au moyen des données de la deuxième enquête sur l’emploi et le secteur informel au Cameroun, réalisée en 2010, nous montrons que les individus à temps partiel subi sont généralement plus jeunes, de sexe féminin travaillant dans les domaines de l’éducation, de la santé et de l’action sociale. Leur position sur le marché du travail est, en moyenne, moins favorable : salaire mensuel plus faible, moindre ancienneté dans l’établissement. Les mesures telles qu’un horaire minimum garanti pourraient procurer à la fois des revenus plus élevés et des chances plus grandes d’accéder à l’emploi à temps plein. Classification JEL : C13, J01, J22
Allogenicity Boosts Extracellular Vesicle–Induced Antigen-Specific Immunity and Mediates Tumor Protection and Long-Term Memory In Vivo
Authors: Larssen Pia , Veerman Rosanne E. , Akpinar Gözde Güçlüler , Hiltbrunner Stefanie , Karlsson Mikael C. I. , Gabrielsson Susanne 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EV) are candidates for cancer immunotherapy because of their capacity to stimulate tumor-specific activity in vivo. However, clinical trials using peptide-loaded autologous EVs have so far only showed moderate T cell responses, suggesting a need for optimization of EV-induced immunity in humans. We previously demonstrated that induction of Ag-specific CD8+ T cells and antitumor responses to whole Ag were independent of MHC class I on EVs and hypothesized that multiple injections of allogeneic EVs could potentiate Ag-specific responses. In this study, we show that the allogeneic EV from mouse bone marrow–derived dendritic cells enhances Ag-specific CD8+ T cell, follicular helper T cell, and Ag-specific Ab responses. EV-injected mice demonstrated Ag-specific memory after 4 mo, with the highest Ab avidity in mice receiving double allogeneic EV injections. Reduced B16mOVA melanoma tumor growth was shown in all EV-injected groups. Our findings support the application of allogeneic EVs for therapeutic use in clinical studies in which an adaptive immune response is desired.
Carboxyl-Terminal Src Kinase Binds CD28 upon Activation and Mutes Downstream Signaling
Authors: Skånland Sigrid S. , Taskén Kjetil 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Full T cell activation depends on stimulation of the TCR in conjunction with a costimulatory receptor. The involvement of costimulatory molecules is potent, and a mechanistic understanding of how downstream signaling is regulated is required to fully understand T cell responsiveness. In this study, a proteomic approach was taken to identify the interactomes of the coreceptors CD2 and CD28. These coreceptors are both positive regulators of T cell activation, but CD28 less potently induces TCR-proximal signaling. C-terminal Src kinase (CSK), a negative regulator of TCR signaling, was identified as a specific and direct interactor only of activated CD28. CSK is recruited to CD28 upon T cell activation, and the in vitro kinase activity of CSK is enhanced in the presence of phosphorylated CD28. Interruption of the CSK/CD28 interaction prior to TCR/CD28 costimulation induces a signaling response which mimics the more potent CD2-induced TCR-proximal pathway activation. Thus, CD28 functions as a novel adaptor protein for CSK, and CSK regulates signaling downstream of CD28.
IL-22 Binding Protein Promotes the Disease Process in Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Lindahl Hannes , Guerreiro-Cacais André O. , Bedri Sahl Khalid , Linnerbauer Mathias , Lindén Magdalena , Abdelmagid Nada , Tandre Karolina , Hollins Claire , Irving Lorraine , Glover Colin , Jones Clare , Alfredsson Lars , Rönnblom Lars , Kockum Ingrid , Khademi Mohsen , Jagodic Maja , Olsson Tomas 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Genome-wide association studies have mapped the specific sequence variants that predispose for multiple sclerosis (MS). The pathogenic mechanisms that underlie these associations could be leveraged to develop safer and more effective MS treatments but are still poorly understood. In this article, we study the genetic risk variant rs17066096 and the candidate gene that encodes IL-22 binding protein (IL-22BP), an antagonist molecule of the cytokine IL-22. We show that monocytes from carriers of the risk genotype of rs17066096 express more IL-22BP in vitro and cerebrospinal fluid levels of IL-22BP correlate with MS lesion load on magnetic resonance imaging. We confirm the pathogenicity of IL-22BP in both rat and mouse models of MS and go on to suggest a pathogenic mechanism involving lack of IL-22–mediated inhibition of T cell–derived IFN-γ expression. Our results demonstrate a pathogenic role of IL-22BP in three species with a potential mechanism of action involving T cell polarization, suggesting a therapeutic potential of IL-22 in the context of MS.
Spectra of Boolean Graphs Over Finite Fields of Characteristic Two
Authors: Dillery D. Scott , LaGrange John D. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractWith entries of the adjacency matrix of a simple graph being regarded as elements of $\mathbb{F}_{2}$, it is proved that a finite commutative ring $R$ with $1\neq 0$ is a Boolean ring if and only if either $R\in \{\mathbb{F}_{2},\mathbb{F}_{2}\times \mathbb{F}_{2}\}$ or the eigenvalues (in the algebraic closure of $\mathbb{F}_{2}$) corresponding to the zero-divisor graph of $R$ are precisely the elements of $\mathbb{F}_{4}\setminus \{0\}$ . This is achieved by observing a way in which algebraic behavior in a Boolean ring is encoded within Pascal’s triangle so that computations can be carried out by appealing to classical results from number theory.
Rigidity Properties for Hyperbolic Generalizations
Authors: Healy Brendan Burns 
Published: July 2019

AbstractWe make a few observations on the absence of geometric and topological rigidity for acylindrically hyperbolic and relatively hyperbolic groups. In particular, we demonstrate the lack of a well-defined limit set for acylindrical actions on hyperbolic spaces, even under the assumption of universality. We also prove a statement about relatively hyperbolic groups inspired by a remark by Groves, Manning, and Sisto about the quasi-isometry type of combinatorial cusps. Finally, we summarize these results in a table in order to assert a meta-statement about the decay of metric rigidity as the conditions on actions on hyperbolic spaces are loosened.
Ultrasonography Technique in the Evaluation of Massive Rotator Cuff Tears Repaired using a Porcine Acellular Dermal Matrix Xenograft through a Mini-open Approach
Authors: Toth Alison P , Boggess Blake R 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT

Purpose
Massive rotator cuff tears (RCT) have been notoriously difficult to treat, but recently the novel use of interposition biologic scaffold grafts in repair of massive RCT has had promising results. However, there are no published guidelines regarding postoperative imaging evaluation of massive RCT repaired with xenograft. The purpose of this study was to (1) describe how to use ultrasound to evaluate a porcine acellular dermal matrix xenograft after repair of massive RCT and (2) evaluate healing of a xenograft using high-resolution ultrasound.

Materials and methods
A total of 37 consecutive patients underwent ultrasound evaluation of a repaired RCT at a mean of 33 months follow-up (23–48). Postoperative ultrasound findings were correlated to preoperative and postoperative functional (visual analog scale, Short-form 12, and Modified American shoulder and elbow score) and clinical outcomes (active range of motion and strength).

Results
Of the 37 patients, ultrasound showed that 33 (89.2%) of the cuff repairs were fully intact, 3 (8.1%) had partial thickness tears, and 1 (2.7%) had a full thickness tear. In this study, the integrity of the repair based on high-resolution ultrasound correlates with functional and clinical outcomes.

Conclusion
Ultrasound is an effective method to evaluate xenograft interposition grafts used in rotator cuff repair.
Neumann JA, Rickert KD, Toth AP, Boggess BR. Ultrasonography Technique in the Evaluation of Massive Rotator Cuff Tears Repaired using a Porcine Acellular Dermal Matrix Xenograft through a Mini-open Approach. The Duke Orthop J 2016;6(1):26-34.
Pediatric Tillaux Ankle Fracture with Concomitant Adult-type Supination External Rotation Fracture Pattern: A Rare Injury
Authors: Fitch Robert D , Dial Brian L 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
The juvenile Tillaux fracture is a transitional ankle fracture that occurs in the adolescent population. The juvenile Tillaux fracture is an avulsion injury of the distal tibia's anterolateral epiphysis as the result of excessive external rotation. The purpose of this article is to present a pediatric ankle fracture that is best described as a supination-external rotation type IV ankle injury with an associated Tillaux fragment. This fracture pattern represents a unique variant to classically described pediatric ankle fractures.
Dial BL, Morwood MP, Fitch RD. Pediatric Tillaux Ankle Fracture with Concomitant Adult-type Supination External Rotation Fracture Pattern: A Rare Injury. The Duke Orthop J 2016;6(1):61-63.
Treatment Outcomes in Endodontics
Authors: Srinivasan Raghu , Raghu Ramya 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
The success of endodontic treatment has been of great interest to practitioners for many years now. Endodontic failures, which are of particular interest to us, are due to either microbial or nonmicrobial reasons. It is often thought that procedural errors like ledging, perforation, overfilling, underfilling or instrument separation invariably result in failure. In reality, the fact is that such mishaps only impede the accomplishment of an ideal root canal treatment. It is often the concomitant presence of infection that ultimately results in failure.
Numerous studies have evaluated the success or failure of endodontic therapy and reported a wide range of success rates from 40 to 93%. This wide range may be due to differences in clinical procedure, experimental design, criteria for evaluation and the length of the observation period. However, most authors conclude that the crucial factor influencing success is the preoperative status of the tooth. Teeth with an apical radiolucency show a 20% lower success rate than teeth without lesion.
Till date, the main method of evaluating success is radiographic, using recall radiographs. This method, however, is not without its own limitations due to examiner bias and inconsistencies.
The factors affecting treatment outcome include those related to diagnosis, preoperative condition of the patient and tooth, standard of care during treatment, postoperative factors and ongoing maintenance. This paper reviews the various factors influencing the outcome of endodontic treatment in light of modern thought.

How to cite this article
Srinivasan R, Raghu R. Treatment Outcomes in Endodontics. J Oper Dent Endod 2016;1(1):13-17.