bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bridging the gap: linking Torulaspora delbrueckii genotypes to fermentation phenotypes and wine aroma
Authors: Silva-Sousa Flávia , Oliveira Bruna , Franco-Duarte Ricardo , Camarasa Carole , João Sousa Maria 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Climate change and consumer preferences are driving innovation in winemaking, with a growing interest in non-Saccharomyces species. Among these, Torulaspora delbrueckii (Td) has gained recognition for its ability to reduce volatile acidity and enhance aromatic complexity in wine. However, knowledge regarding its phenotypic and genomic diversity impacting alcoholic fermentation remains limited. Aiming to elucidate the metabolic differences between Td and Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Sc) and the Td intraspecies diversity, we conducted a comprehensive metabolic characterization of 15 Td strains. This analysis delved beyond standard fermentation parameters (kinetics and major metabolites production) to explore non-conventional aromas and establish genotype-phenotype links. Our findings confirmed that most Td strains produce less acetic acid and more succinate and glycerol than Sc. The overall aromatic profiles of Td strains differed from Sc, exhibiting higher levels of monoterpenes and higher alcohols, while producing less acetate esters, fatty acids, their corresponding ethyl esters, and lactones. Moreover, we identified the absence of genes responsible for specific aroma profiles, such as decreased ethyl esters production, as well as the absence of cell wall genes, which might negatively affect Td performance when compared to Sc. This work highlights the significant diversity within Td and underscores potential links between its genotype and phenotype.
Actor sensemaking and its role in implementation of the decentralized drug-resistant tuberculosis policy in South Africa
Authors: Jassat Waasila , Moshabela Mosa , Schneider Helen 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
South Africa has a high burden of drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB). A policy to decentralize DR-TB treatment from specialized central hospitals to more accessible district facilities was introduced in 2011, but to date implementation has been suboptimal, with variable pace, coverage, and models of care emerging. This study explored multilevel policy implementation of DR-TB decentralization in two provinces of South Africa, Western Cape and KwaZulu-Natal. Applying interpretive policy analysis, this paper describes how actors across health system levels and geographies made sense of the DR-TB policy and how this shaped implementation. In an embedded qualitative case study, districts of the two provinces were compared, through data collected in 94 in-depth interviews, and analysed using Vickers’ framework of reality, value, and action judgements. Five district cases characterize variation in the pace of implementation and models of DR-TB care that emerged. Individual and collective attitudes for and against the policy were underpinned by different systems of meaning for interpreting policy problems and making decisions. These meaning systems were reflected in actor stances on whether DR-TB care needed to be specialized or generalized, nurse- or doctor-led, and institutionalized or ambulatory. Actors’ stances influenced their actions and implementation strategies adopted. Resistance to decentralized DR-TB care related to perceived threats of budget cuts to and loss of authority of central facilities, and was often justified in fears of increased transmission, poor quality of care, and inadequate resources at lower levels. New advances in diagnosis and treatment to address the growing burden of DR-TB in South Africa will have little impact unless implementation dynamics are better understood, and attention paid to the mindsets, interests, and interpretations of policy by actors tasked with implementation. Deliberative policy implementation processes will enhance the quality of discourse, communication and cross-learning between policy actors, and critical for reaching synthesis of meaning systems.
Phased T2T genome assemblies facilitate the mining of disease-resistance genes in Vitis davidii
Authors: Luo Yuanyuan , Liu Zhenya , Jin Zhongxin , Li Peng , Tan Xibei , Cao Shuo , Wang Xu , Liu Zhongqi , Shi Xiaoya , Huang Siyang , Gu Liyuan , Fan Xiucai , Jiang Jianfu , Sun Lei , Zhou Yongfeng , Liu Chonghuai , Xu Xiaodong , Ma Zhiyao , Zhang Ying 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Grape is an important fruit crop, and its production faces significant threat from diseases, resulting in substantial economic loss. Wild grape relatives are valuable resources for the restoration of disease-resistance loci. However, available resistance loci in wild grape genomes remain largely unexplored. In this study, we assembled two phased genomes, including a high-resistant Chinese wild grape, Vitis davidii Föex, and a susceptible cultivar, Vitis vinifera L. cv. ‘Manicure Finger’. We detected a total of 36 688 structural variations (SVs), with the genes associated with heterozygous SVs showing an enrichment in allele-specific expression (ASE). Furthermore, we identified eight subgroups of R genes and found that 74.2% of R genes overlap with transposable elements (TEs). Among R genes, NBS-type genes exhibit higher expression profiles in the wild grape genome compared with those in the grape cultivar. Additionally, five specific NBS-type R gene clusters were identified in the wild grape genome that are absent in the cultivar. Through genetic mapping, we identified four quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with grape white rot resistance based on the V. davidii genome, within which six NBS-type R genes exhibit differential expression between wild and cultivated grapes. Overall, our study revealed the landscape of resistance genes in grape genomes, providing valuable genetic resources for further breeding programs.
Elucidation of the key flavonol biosynthetic pathway in golden Camellia and its application in genetic modification of tomato fruit metabolism
Authors: Jiang Lina , Han Leiqin , Zhang Wenxuan , Gao Yifei , Xu Xiaoyan , Chen Jia , Feng Shan , Fan Zhengqi , Li Jiyuan , Li Xinlei , Yin Hengfu , Fan Pengxiang 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Golden Camellia refers to a group of species in the genus Camellia that display yellow petals. The secondary metabolites in these petals hold ornamental significance and potential health benefits. However, the biosynthetic mechanisms governing the synthesis of these metabolites in golden petals remain elusive, and the exploitation of their bioactive components is not fully realized. This research involved the collection and analysis of 23 species of golden Camellia, leading to the discovery that flavonols, particularly quercetin 3-O-glucoside and quercetin 7-O-glucoside, are the primary contributors to the golden flower pigmentation. Integrative transcriptomics and coexpression network analyses pinpointed CnFLS1 as a crucial gene in the biosynthetic pathway, which, in conjunction with CnCHS, CnF3’H, and CnUFGT, orchestrates the specific pathway for flower color development. The enzyme assays revealed a high affinity and catalytic efficiency of CnFLS1 for DHQ, and transient expression of CnFLS1 in tobacco was shown to enhance the biosynthesis of quercetin flavonols, highlighting the pathway specificity in golden Camellia. Moreover, strategic transformations of cultivated tomatoes with various biosynthetic genes yielded transgenic lines exhibiting yellow fruit and quercetin-enriched flesh. These modified lines not only contained distinct flavonol components characteristic of golden Camellia but also demonstrated markedly improved antioxidant capabilities and enhanced resistance. The outcomes of this study not only elucidate the metabolic processes underlying the pigmentation of golden Camellia flowers but also provide a foundation for the development of novel tomato breeds through synthetic biology.
Virus-induced gene silencing simultaneously exploits ‘attract and kill’ traits in plants and insects to manage huanglongbing
Authors: Killiny Nabil , Nehela Yasser , Hajeri Subhas , Gowda Siddarame , Stelinski Lukasz L 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The vector-borne disease huanglongbing (HLB) causes severe economic losses to citrus production worldwide with no available cure. Herein, we applied virus-induced gene silencing technology to engineer citrus that preferentially attracted and specifically killed Diaphorina citri, the vector associated with HLB. We engineered the infectious citrus tristeza virus (CTV-T36) clone to carry three truncated genes. The triple construct (CTV-tAwd-tWnt-tPDS) produces small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) against phytoene desaturase, PDS, to yield a phenotype with visual, olfactory, and gustatory cues that preferentially attracted D. citri. In addition, siRNAs targeted two genes related to flight in D. citri, abnormal wing disc (DcAwd) and wingless (DcWnt), that caused wing malformations and decreased survival in psyllids that fed on plants inoculated with the engineered virus. During two successive generations, D. citri reared on CTV-tAwd-tWnt-tPDS-inoculated plants exhibited higher mortality across life stages as well as reduced fecundity and fertility as compared with those reared on noninfected plants or CTV-wt-inoculated plants. Furthermore, CTV-tAwd-tWnt-tPDS-inoculated plants shortened the lifespan of D. citri by more than 20 days. Morphological abnormalities were noted in those adults that did successfully emerge on plants inoculated with CTV-tAwd-tWnt-tPDS, including cocked wings with a bowl-shaped depression and/or a convex shape. Phloem sap from CTV-tAwd-tWnt-tPDS-inoculated plants decreased the survival of D. citri adults, confirming that siRNAs were present in the sap of these plants. Collectively, we provide proof of concept for a novel variant of the attract-and-kill method where the cultivated crop is potentially transformed into a hyper-attractive population and transmission sink for a phytopathogen vector.
Serum concentration threshold and risk factors of tigecycline-induced hypofibrinogenaemia in critically ill patients
Authors: Li Mengxue , He Jie , Dong Gaoqiu , Hu Linlin , Shao Hua 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Hypofibrinogenaemia is a serious adverse reaction associated with tigecycline (TGC) therapy and may lead to the discontinuation of the treatment. This study aimed to explore the relevant factors of TGC-induced hypofibrinogenaemia and determine the thresholds of serum concentration as a predictive indicator of TGC-induced hypofibrinogenaemia.

Methods
A retrospective single-centre study was conducted on patients with severe infection who were treated with TGC. Clinical data and serum concentration parameters were extracted from the electronic medical records of these patients. Patients were divided into the hypofibrinogenaemia group (&lt; 2.0 g/L) and the normal fibrinogen group (≥ 2.0 g/L) in order to evaluate risk factors associated with TGC-induced hypofibrinogenaemia. Logistic regression analysis and receiver operating characteristic curves were utilized to identify the risk factors associated with TGC-induced hypofibrinogenaemia and to establish plasma concentration thresholds as predictive indicators.

Results
A total of 114 patients were enrolled in this study, with 59.6% experiencing hypofibrinogenaemia. The multivariate regression analysis indicated that baseline fibrinogen level, trough concentration (Cmin), peak concentration (Cmax), the concentration at 6 h after the dosing (C6h) and the area under the concentration–time curve over a 24-h period (AUC0–24) were significantly associated with hypofibrinogenaemia (P &lt; 0.05). Furthermore, it was found that AUC0–24 is the optimal predictor of TGC-induced hypofibrinogenaemia. The optimal cut-off for the AUC0–24 of TGC in ICU patients was determined to be 17.03 mg h/L.

Conclusions
TGC exposure is highly predictive of TGC-induced hypofibrinogenaemia. We recommend closely monitoring plasma concentrations of TGC in patients to ensure patient efficacy and safety.
Real-life use of temocillin in the treatment of bone and joint infections due to extended spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacterales
Authors: Lahouati Marin , Brousse Xavier , Dias Meireles Vasco , Rignol Laurine , Bientz Léa , Xuereb Fabien , Dauchy Frédéric-Antoine 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objectives
The aim of this study is to describe the real-life use of temocillin in bone and joint infections (BJI).

Patients and methods
We performed a monocentric retrospective study, including all patients treated by temocillin for a BJI due to extended spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacterales (ESBL-E) between 1 January 2015 and 31 December 2022. Outcomes were evaluated at least 3 months after the end of antimicrobial treatment. Clinical cure was defined as the absence of recurrence of BJI during follow-up among patients who completed at least 7 days of temocillin. If the patient discontinued temocillin due to ineffectiveness, the outcome was considered to be unfavourable. Seventeen patients were treated with temocillin for ESBL-E associated BJI during the study period.

Results
Infections included osteomyelitis of the foot (7/17; 41.2%), femoral osteomyelitis (4/17; 23.5%), disco-vertebral infections (2/17; 11.8%), total knee prosthesis infections (2/17; 11.8%) and total hip prosthesis infections (2/17; 11.8%). All patients except one (n = 16) had surgical management of the infection. The main bacteria identified were the Enterobacter cloacae complex (n = 9) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 5). The median daily dose was 6 g for a median duration of 42 days (IQR 14–42 days). The median duration of follow-up was 12 months (IQR 5.25–14.5). Overall, 12 patients completed at least 3 months of follow-up, and clinical cure was observed in eight of them (8/12; 66.7%).

Conclusion
So far, this is the first report of BJI successfully treated with temocillin. This suggests that temocillin may be an alternative to treat BJI involving difficult-to-treat Enterobacterales when oral therapy is not available.
Variation in the intestinal bacterial community composition under different water temperature culture conditions in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides)
Authors: Wei Dongdong , Zhu Libo , Wang Yibing , Liu Mingzhu , Huang Lin , Yang Hui , Wang Hao , Shi Deqiang , Wang Gaoxue , Ling Fei , Yu Qing , Li Pengfei 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Aims
This study aimed to investigate the impact of temperature on the intestinal microbiota of largemouth bass using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, focusing on the under-explored role of abiotic factors in shaping the gut microbial community.

Methods and results
Five water temperature groups (20.0 ± 0.2°C, 25.0 ± 0.2°C, 28.0 ± 0.2°C, 31.0 ± 0.2°C, and 35.0 ± 0.2°C) were established, each with three replicates. Significant variations in intestinal bacterial community composition were observed across these conditions. Elevated temperatures (31.0 ± 0.2°C and 35.0 ± 0.2°C) led to an increase in opportunistic pathogens such as OTU180 Vibrio and OTU2015 Vogesella (P &lt; 0.05). Species correlation network analysis showed a shift toward more positive relationships among intestinal microbes at higher temperatures (P &lt; 0.05). Ecological process analysis highlighted a greater role of ecological drift in microbial community structure at 31.0 ± 0.2°C and 35.0 ± 0.2°C (P &lt; 0.05).

Conclusions
The study suggests that higher temperatures may predispose largemouth bass to opportunistic pathogens by altering their intestinal microbiota. Effective water temperature management is crucial for largemouth bass aquaculture to mitigate pathogen risks and maintain a balanced intestinal microbiota. This research provides critical insights into the temperature–microbiota relationship and offers practical recommendations for aquaculture practices.
TV Mon – post-mass transfer Algol-type binary with δ Scuti pulsations in primary component
Authors: Kovalev Mikhail , Li Zhenwei , Xiong Jianping , Matekov Azizbek , Bo Zhang , Chen Xuefei , Han Zhanwen 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT
We present a study of the detached eclipsing binary TV Mon using spectra from the LAMOST (Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope) medium-resolution survey, ASAS-SN (All Sky Automated Survey for SuperNovae), and CoRoT (Convection, Rotation and planetary Transits) photometry. We apply multiple-epochs spectral fitting to derive radial velocities and spectral parameters. The analysis of eclipses in CoRoT data shows the relative sizes of the stellar components and almost edge-on circular orbit. Combining the spectral and photometrical solutions we estimate masses and radii of the components: $M_{\rm A,B}=2.063\pm 0.033({\rm stat.})\pm 0.095({\rm syst.}), \ 0.218\pm 0.004({\rm stat.})\pm 0.018({\rm syst.}) \, \mathrm{ M}_\odot$, $R_{\rm A,B}=2.394\pm 0.014, \ 2.860\pm 0.016 \, \mathrm{ R}_\odot$. Spectral energy distribution analysis and Gaia parallax allow us to get an estimation of temperatures ${T_{\rm eff}}_{\rm A,B}=7624^{+194}_{-174}, \ 5184^{+130}_{-123} \, \mathrm{ K}$ and distance $d=907\pm 11 \, \mathrm{ pc}$. We identify three $\delta$ Scuti-type pulsation frequencies in the primary component, while we also suspect TV Mon having a spot activity in the secondary component. This system experienced intensive mass transfer and mass ratio reversal in the past, but currently shows no signs of mass transfer in the spectra. The low-mass component will lose its outer envelope and shrink to the helium white dwarf, the mass and orbital period of which are in good agreement with evolutionary model predictions.
Neural bases of social facilitation and inhibition: how peer presence affects elementary eye movements
Authors: Tricoche Leslie , d’Halluin Marion Royer , Meunier Martine , Pélisson Denis 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Social Facilitation/Inhibition (SFI) refers to how others’ presence influences task performance positively or negatively. Our previous study revealed that peer presence modulated saccadic eye movements, a fundamental sensorimotor activity. Pro- and anti-saccades were either facilitated or inhibited depending on trial block complexity (Tricoche et al., 2020). In the present fMRI study, we adapted our paradigm to investigate the neural basis of SFI on saccades. Considering inter- and intra-individual variabilities, we evaluated the shared and distinct neural patterns between social facilitation and inhibition. We predicted an involvement of the saccade-related and attention networks, alongside the Theory-of-Mind (ToM) network, with opposite activity changes between facilitation and inhibition. Results confirmed peer presence modulation in fronto-parietal areas related to saccades and attention, in opposite directions for facilitation and inhibition. Additionally, the ventral attention network was modulated during inhibition. Default mode regions, including ToM areas, were also modulated. Finally, pupil size, often linked to arousal, increased with peers and correlated with dorsal attention regions and anterior insula activities. These results suggest that SFI engages task-specific and domain-general networks, modulated differently based on observed social effect. Attention network seemed to play a central role at both basic (linked to arousal or vigilance) and cognitive control levels.
The Optimal Dosage and Duration of Metformin for Prevention and Treatment of Antipsychotic-Induced Weight Gain: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Peng Tzu-Rong , Chen Jou-An , Lee Jen-Ai , Hsing Chih-Pin , Lee Ming-Chia , Chen Shih-Ming 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Weight gain and metabolic complications are substantial adverse effects associated with second-generation antipsychotics. However, comprehensive guidelines for managing antipsychotic-induced weight gain are lacking.

Methods
This review included all double-blind, placebo-controlled studies investigating metformin’s effectiveness in addressing antipsychotic-related weight gain. We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Google Scholar, and ClinicalTrials.gov for relevant studies from the inception to 2024. A random-effects model was used for the meta-analysis.

Results
This meta-analysis, including 20 studies with 1070 patients, revealed that metformin significantly surpassed placebo in attenuating weight gain in patients receiving antipsychotics. The mean weight change with metformin was −3.32 kg [95% confidence interval (CI): −4.57 to −2.07]. Additionally, metformin use resulted in a marked decrease in body mass index [−1.24 kg/m2 (95% CI: −1.70 to −0.77)]. Metformin could maintain the effects from 12 to 24 weeks.

Conclusions
This updated meta-analysis investigated the durations and dosages of metformin use in patients with schizophrenia experiencing antipsychotic-induced weight gain. The findings highlight the need for additional large-scale research to validate our findings.
The Army of Pasteurians: Militarisation of Hygiene and Hybrid Disease Control Measures in Fernand Visbecq’s 1919 Typhus Mission in French Algeria
Authors: Pouget Benoît 
Published: November 2024

Summary
During mass demobilisation following the armistice of 11 November 1918, colonial troops gradually returned to their cantonments. Algeria hosted a military penal colony under French army rules to which convicts continued to converge. As a result, soldiers and convicts became the disseminators of the typhus epidemic that swept through the armies still stationed on the Western Front, before spreading to North Africa. Based on a study of the Visbecq mission against typhus in the spring and summer of 1919 in Algeria, this article examines how Visbecq’s assignment was part of a wider process of militarisation of hygiene in France as in the Empire. It promoted hybrid measures combining the implementation of new technical processes with conventional isolation measures. In fine, Visbecq’s actions were part of a set of current technopolitics which contributed to pasteurisation of the French colonial empire.
Biocompatible Naringin loaded low molecular peptide Nanogels are effective against human melanoma cells
Authors: Secerli Jülide , Karayavuz Burcu , Aksoy Rahime , Erdoğan Hakan , Bacanlı Merve Güdül 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Melanoma, a type of cancer, has the ability to metastasize and can be fatal. The lack of success in the treatment of melanoma with chemotherapeutic agents and the side effects have led to the search for new agents. Moreover, developing systems that will provide reduce side effects by using biocompatible carriers, may be beneficial. Naringin (NAR), from Citrus plants, has anticancer and anti-inflammatory properties. NAR is useful in formulations where it is used with a carrier due to its low water solubility and bioavailability with few toxicity. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of NAR-loaded peptide based Fmoc-FF nanogels on human melanoma (SK-MEL-30) cells. Characterization of NAR-loaded Fmoc-FF nanogels was carried out. The biocompatibility properties of Fmoc-FF and NAR-loaded nanogels were evaluated in mouse fibroblast (L929) cells, and their cytotoxic effects were evaluated in human melanoma (SK-MEL-30) cells by the MTT method. While the DCF-DA method was used to measure the effects on reactive oxygen species (ROS) release, the changes in oxidative stress biomarkers were examined by spectrophotometric analysis, tyrosinase enzyme activity and inflammation biomarkers were investigated by ELISA method. Comet method was used to evaluate antigenotoxic effects. It has been observed that loading NAR into Fmoc peptide gels may be effective in causing cytotoxic, genotoxic, anti-inflammatory and anti-tyrosinase effects and an increase in ROS release in melanoma cells. These results indicate that NAR-loaded Fmoc-FF gels, which have the feature of easy application to the skin, may be effective in the treatment of melanoma without causing toxic effects.