bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adrenal insufficiency from steroid-containing complementary therapy: importance of detailed history
Authors: Kempegowda Punith , Quinn Lauren , Shepherd Lisa , Kauser Samina , Johnson Briony , Lawson Alex , Bates Andrew 
Published: July 2019

Summary
A 62-year-old Asian British female presented with increasing tiredness. She had multiple co-morbidities and was prescribed steroid inhalers for asthma. She had also received short courses of oral prednisolone for acute asthma exacerbations in the last 2 years. Unfortunately, the frequency and dose of steroids for asthma was unclear from history. Her type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) control had deteriorated over a short period of time (HbA1c: 48–85 mmol/mol). Blood tests revealed undetectable cortisol and ACTH (<28 mmol/L, <5.0 ng/L). Renin, electrolytes and thyroid function were within normal limits. A diagnosis of secondary adrenal insufficiency, likely due to long-term steroid inhaler and recurrent short courses of oral steroids for asthma exacerbations was made. Patient was commenced on hydrocortisone 10 mg, 5 mg and 5 mg regimen. Steroid inhaler was discontinued following consultation with respiratory physicians. Despite discontinuation of inhaled steroids, patient continued not to mount a response to Synacthen®. Upon further detailed history, patient admitted taking a ‘herbal’ preparation for chronic osteoarthritic knee pain. Toxicology analysis showed presence of dexamethasone, ciprofloxacin, paracetamol, diclofenac, ibuprofen and cimetidine in the herbal medication. Patient was advised to discontinue her herbal preparation. We believe the cause of secondary adrenal insufficiency in our patient was the herbal remedy containing dexamethasone, explaining persistent adrenal suppression despite discontinuation of all prescribed steroids, further possibly contributing to obesity, hypertension and suboptimal control of DM. In conclusion, a comprehensive drug history including herbal and over-the-counter preparations should be elucidated. Investigation for the presence of steroids in these preparations should be considered when patients persist to have secondary adrenal insufficiency despite discontinuation of prescribed steroid medications.

Learning points:

The likelihood of complementary and alternative medicines (CAMs) in medication-induced secondary adrenal insufficiency should be considered in any patient presenting with potential symptoms of adrenal insufficiency.

If the contents of CAM preparation cannot be ascertained, toxicology screening should be considered.

Patients should be advised to stop taking CAM preparation when it contains steroids and hydrocortisone replacement therapy commenced, with periodic reassessment of adrenal function, and then if indicated weaned accordingly.

Patients should be informed about the contents of CAM therapies, so they can make a truly informed choice regarding the risks and benefits.

This case also highlights a need to increase regulatory processes over CAM therapies, given their propensity to contain a number of undisclosed medications and potent steroids.
Specific Gene Disruption in the Major Livestock PestsCochliomyia hominivoraxandLucilia cuprinaUsing CRISPR/Cas9
Authors: Paulo Daniel F , Williamson Megan E , Arp Alex P , Li Fang , Sagel Agustin , Skoda Steven R , Sanchez-Gallego Joel , Vasquez Mario , Quintero Gladys , Pérez de León Adalberto A , Belikoff Esther J , Azeredo-Espin Ana M L , McMillan W Owen , Concha Carolina , Scott Maxwell J 
Published: July 2019

AbstractCochliomyia hominivorax and Lucilia cuprina are major pests of livestock. Their larvae infest warm-blooded vertebrates and feed on host’s tissues, resulting in severe industry losses. As they are serious pests, considerable effort has been made to develop genomic resources and functional tools aiming to improve their management and control. Here, we report a significant addition to the pool of genome manipulation tools through the establishment of efficient CRISPR/Cas9 protocols for the generation of directed and inheritable modifications in the genome of these flies. Site-directed mutations were introduced in the C. hominivorax and L. cuprina yellow genes (ChY and LcY) producing lightly pigmented adults. High rates of somatic mosaicism were induced when embryos were injected with Cas9 ribonucleoprotein complexes (RNPs) pre-assembled with guide RNAs (sgRNAs) at high concentrations. Adult flies carrying disrupted yellow alleles lacked normal pigmentation (brown body phenotype) and efficiently transmitted the mutated alleles to the subsequent generation, allowing the rapid creation of homozygous strains for reverse genetics of candidate loci. We next used our established CRISPR protocol to disrupt the C. hominivorax transformer gene (Chtra). Surviving females carrying mutations in the Chtra locus developed mosaic phenotypes of transformed ovipositors with characteristics of male genitalia while exhibiting abnormal reproductive tissues. The CRISPR protocol described here is a significant improvement on the existing toolkit of molecular methods in calliphorids. Our results also suggest that Cas9-based systems targeting Chtra and Lctra could be an effective means for controlling natural populations of these important pests.
Educación y gestión en América Latina
Authors: Solano Alpízar José 
Published: July 2019

El presente artículo constituye un ejercicio descriptivo acerca del tema de la gestión educativa en América Latina. El mismo ofrece una visión general del contexto socio-histórico en que ésta ha tenido lugar.
En primera instancia, se sitúa el modelo de desarrollo diseminado por la CEPAL en América Latina, a partir de la segunda mitad del siglo XX y sus implicaciones en la configuración del modelo educativo adoptado en la región por los diferentes países.
Posteriormente, hace una revisión del tránsito experimentado por el proceso de gestión educativa durante las décadas subsiguientes; por último, presenta una breve caracterización de las transformaciones más significativas que ha experimentado la gestión educativa de cara a los desafíos que se vislumbran con el ingreso al siglo XXI.
Análisis de las prácticas evaluativas desde la perspectiva de los propios actores y actoras en la Región Atlántica
Authors: Badilla Chavarría Leda 
Published: July 2019

Esta investigación evaluativa se propuso valorar, desde una perspectiva cualitativa, el componente “Evaluación Escolar” del Proyecto “Mejoramiento de la calidad de la Educación Ministerio de Educación / Banco Mundial” en la Zona Atlántica del país.
Participan diferentes actores y actoras de la comunidad educativa: equipos regionales docentes, padres, madres, alumnos y alumnas. Se utilizan diversas técnicas para la producción de la información. El análisis parte de las lógicas vivenciales en el proceso evaluativo que experimentan diferentes actores y actoras.
Por las características del estudio, se incluyen las voces de los y las participantes, y los textos se presentan tal y como fueron expresados por ellos.
Modeling and adaptive tracking for stochastic nonholonomic constrained mechanical systems
Authors: Zhang Zhongcai , Wu Yuqiang 
Published: July 2019

This paper is devoted to the problem of modeling and trajectory tracking for stochastic nonholonomic dynamic systems in the presence of unknown parameters. Prior to tracking controller design, the rigorous derivation of stochastic nonholonomic dynamic model is given. By reasonably introducing so-called internal state vector, a reduced dynamic model, which is suitable for control design, is proposed. Based on the backstepping technique in vector form, an adaptive tracking controller is then derived, guaranteeing that the mean square of the tracking error converges to an arbitrarily small neighborhood of zero by tuning design parameters. The efficiency of the controller is demonstrated by a mechanics system: a vertical mobile wheel in random vibration environment.
Best proximity point results in set-valued analysis
Authors: Choudhury Binayak S. S. , Maity Pranati , Metiya Nikhilesh 
Published: July 2019

Here we introduce certain multivalued maps and use them to obtain minimum distance between two closed sets. It is a proximity point problem which is treated here as a problem of finding global optimal solutions of certain fixed point inclusions. It is an application of set-valued analysis. The results we obtain here extend some results and are illustrated with examples. Applications are made to the corresponding single valued cases.
Evaluation of dolomite as catalyst in the transesterification reaction using palm oil (RBD)
Authors: Ñústez Castaño Stephanie Alexa , Villamizar Castro Duvan Oswaldo , Vargas Solano Edgar Mauricio 
Published: July 2019

In this study, the catalytic activity of dolomite was evaluated for the transesterification of Colombian RBD palm oil with methanol, carried out in a batch reactor at 333,15K and 600rpm. The activated dolomites (calcined at 1073.15K for 2h) were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Hammett indicators method, and quantification of the surface area, average pore size and average pore volume BET. The influence of reaction variables such as catalyst amount (%wt /wt) and methanol / palm oil molar ratio (mole/mole) was investigated. Under the suitable reaction conditions, the amount of calcined dolomite equal to 4% (wt /wt) based on the weight of oil, the methanol-oil molar ratio equal to 9:1, and the reaction time = 1h, the methyl ester content of 82.67% of fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) can be achieved.
Intersectional insights from an MDMA-assisted psychotherapy training trial: An open letter to racial/ethnic and sexual/gender minorities
Authors: Ching Terence H. W. 
Published: July 2019

The road to the current psychedelic renaissance in research on ±3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) – the active ingredient of the drug Ecstasy – for addressing treatment-resistant post-traumatic stress disorder has been fraught with political and academic bias, as well as cultural stigma among underserved populations, all of which serve as barriers to minority inclusion and participation. In this open letter to ethnic/racial and sexual/gender minorities, the author details intersectional insights from his own experience being administered MDMA legally as part of a therapist training trial for MDMA-assisted psychotherapy, in hopes of radically destigmatizing this treatment approach for marginalized populations. Themes covered include: set and setting; cultural pride; LGBTQIA+ pride; acceptance of intersectionality; and patience, perspective, and strength in retrospection. This letter concludes by tasking current investigators of MDMA-assisted psychotherapy to emphasize issues of intersecting identities (e.g., in terms of race, ethnicity, sexual orientation, and gender identity) in their research agenda, attempt to improve minority participation in a culturally attuned manner, as well as increase minority stakeholdership in this field.
Analisis rata-rata generasi jagung Unpad toleran naungan pada sistem agroforestri dengan albizia di Jawa Barat
Authors: Syafi'i Muhammad , Ruswandi Dedi 
Published: July 2019

Aksi gen yang berperan terhadap suatu karakter dapat dipelajari dan dijadikan dasar dalam menentukan metode seleksi kegiatan pemuliaan. Analisa rata-rata generasi (generation mean analysis) merupakan salah satu cara yang dapat digunakan untuk menduga aksi gen, baik aditif, dominan dan interaksi non-alelik (epistasis) terhadap ekspresi suatu karakter. Metode ini digunakan untuk menduga model genetik yang berperan dalam ekspresi suatu karakter. Tujuan riset untuk menduga peran gen jagung toleran naungan pada sistem agroforestri dengan albizia. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada Oktober 2015 - Maret 2016 di Kebun Percobaan Kutamandiri, Kabupaten Sumedang. Materi genetik yang digunakan adalah galur toleran naungan M7DR 4.8.8, galur peka naungan G-203-1, F1 hasil persilangan G-2031 x M7DR 4.8.8, F2 keturunan dari F1, dan BC1F1 dan BC2F1. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa karakter jumlah baris per tongkol terdapat kesesuaian model dengan aditif-dominan dan tidak terdapat efek epistasis pada hasil persilangan antara G-2031 x M7DR 4.8.8. Model genetik m [d] [h] [i] sesuai dengan karakter tinggi tanaman dan bobot pipil per tongkol; model m [d] [h] [i] [l] sesuai dengan karakter panjang ruas, diameter tongkol, dan karakter bobot tongkol per tongkol; dan model m [d] [h] [j] [l] sesuai dengan karakter panjang tongkol. Karakter kadar klorofil tidak memiliki kesesuaian dengan model genetik yang diduga.ABSTRACTGene action that has a role in a character can be studied and used as a basic on determining the method of selection in breeding programs. Generation mean analysis is one of the methods that can be used to estimate the gene action, both additive, dominant and non-allelic (epistatic) interactions to the expression of a character. The method was used to predict the genetic model that plays a role in the expression of a character. The objective of the research was to predict the role of shade tolerant maize genes in the agroforestry system with albizia. The research was conducted on October 2015 - March 2016 at Kutamandiri Experiment Garden, Kabupaten Sumedang. The genetic materials was the shade tolerant line M7DR 4.8.8, shade susceptible G-203-1, F1 derived from G-2031 x M7DR 4.8.8, F2 breeds from F1, and BC1F1 and BC2F1. The results showed that number of row per cob character was suitable to the dominant additive model and there was no effect of epistasis on the crosses between G-2031 x M7DR 4.8.8. The genetic model m [d] [h] [i] corresponded to the plant height and the weight of seed per cob; model m [d] [h] [i] [l] corresponded to the character of the length of the node, cob diameter, and cob weight per ear; and the m [d] [h] [j] [l] model corresponded to the cob lenght character. The chlorophyll content character has no corresponding alleged genetic model.
Perubahan perilaku Callosobruchus maculatus Fabricius terhadap warna cahaya pada kacang-kacangan di penyimpanan
Authors: Hakim Lukmanul , Irhamni Irhamni 
Published: July 2019

Callosobruchus maculatus (Fab.) adalah salah satu species serangga dari ordo Coleoptera, family Brucidae yang merupakan hama kacang-kacangan di gudang penyimpanan. Kerusakan kacang selama penyimpanan diawali dengan perilaku oviposisi telur serangga betina dewasa pada kotiledon biji kacang. Serangga C. maculatus (Fab.) tidak menyukai tempat dengan cahaya terang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengamati perubahan perilaku oviposisi dan kopulasi serangga dewasa pada kacang-kacangan dengan penerangan empat warna cahaya pada ruang penyimpanan. Pengamatan dan analisis data menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap Faktorial. Faktor petama menggunakan cahaya lampu merah, kuning, hijau dan putih, sedangkan faktor kedua terdiri dari tiga jenis kacang (Fabaceae) yaitu kacang hijau, kacang kedelai dan kacang merah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perilaku oviposisi telur terjadi pada cahaya lampu kuning, sedangkan perilaku kopulasi terjadi pada cahaya lampu merah. Cahaya lampu merah dan kuning dapat memengaruhi perilaku oviposisi dan kopulasi Callosobruchus maculatus (Fab.).ABSTRACTCallosobruchus maculatus (Fab.) is one of the insect species of the order Coleoptera, family Brucidae which is a pest for stored beans. Damage to beans during the storage starts with the behavior of the egg oviposition of adult female insects on bean seed cotyledons. C. maculatus (Fab.) do not like to be in a bright place. This study aimed to observe changes in the behavior of oviposition and copulation of adult insects in beans with four-colour lighting in the storage. The observation and analysis of data used factorial completely randomized design. The first factor were light colors; red, yellow, green, and white light while the second factor consists of three types of beans (Fabaceae); green beans, soybeans and red beans. The results showed that copulation behavior occurred in red light. While the oviposition behavior of eggs occured in yellow light. The red and yellow lights can affect the behavior of oviposistion and copulation of C.maculatus (Fab.).
Dampak pemupukan N dan zeolite pada pertumbuhan serta hasil tanaman sorghum (Sorghum bicolour L.) Var. SUPER 1
Authors: Suminarti Nur Edy 
Published: July 2019

Nitrogen merupakan unsur hara esensial tanaman yang diperlukan paling banyak dibandingkan unsur hara lainnya. Namun demikian, pemberian pupuk N secara terus menerus berdampak pada menurunnya daya dukung lahan. Zeolit yang dapat digunakan untuk mengefisiensikan penyerapan N. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengkaji dampak pemberian zeolit pada berbagai taraf pemberian N pada tanaman sorgum dilakukan dari bulan April hingga Juli 2017 di lahan sawah Desa Sumberduren, Kabupaten Kediri, menggunakan Rancangan Petak Terpisah dengan menempatkan dosis pupuk N (50%, 100% dan 150%) pada petak utama, dan dosis zeolit (0%, 50%, 100% dan 150%) pada anak petak yang diulang 3 kali. Ada tidaknya interaksi atau pengaruh nyata menggunakan Uji F taraf 5% dan dilanjutkan Uji BNJ taraf 5% untuk mengetahui perbedaan diantara perlakuan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dosis N 50% pada zeolite 150% mendapatkan hasil biji sorghum sebesar 3,32 t ha-1. Adapun dosis N 100% dan 150 % mengurangi penggunaan zeolite sebesar 43,5% dan 48,12% dengan hasil biji sorghum sebanyak 4,56 t ha-1 dan 5,15 t ha-1. Aplikasi 50% dan 100% zeolit dapat menekan penggunaan N sebesar 13,67% dan 16,19%.ABSTRACTNitrogen is an essential nutrient and needed in the highest amount compared to other elements. However, the continuous use of nitrogen causes a decrease in the carrying capacity of the land. Therefore to anticipate these problems, zeolite applications is prior to be done. The study aimed to assess the effect of N and zeolite application on sorghum plants which had been carried out from April to July 2017 in paddy fields in Sumberduren Village, Kediri Regency. Split Plot Design was used in this study by placing N fertilizer doses (50%, 100% and 150%) as the main plot, and zeolite dosage (0%, 50%, 100% and 150%) on subplots repeated 3 times. F test at 5% was used to determine the effect of treatments, while the average difference between treatments were referred to HSD value at 5%. The using of 100% and 150% N dosages could reduce the zeolite usage about 43.5% and 48.12% with sorghum yield as much as 4.56 t ha‐1 and 5.15 t ha-1 respectively. However, with the application of 50% and 100% zeolite, it can reduce N use by 13.67% and 16.19%.
Respon nilai kekerasan, kadar air dan total padatan terlarut buah jambu kristal pada berbagai jenis kemasan dan masa simpan
Authors: Kusumiyati Kusumiyati , Putri Ine Elisa , Hadiwijaya Yuda , Mubarok Syariful 
Published: July 2019

Penurunan kualitas selama penyimpanan merupakan permasalahan yang seringkali ditemui pada pascapanen buah jambu kristal. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan penanganan yang tepat. Penanganan pascapanen yang umum digunakan adalah dengan penggunaan kemasan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji hubungan berbagai kemasan dan masa simpan terhadap nilai kekerasan, total padatan terlarut (TPT) dan kadar air buah jambu kristal. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) pola faktorial dengan 4 ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah pengemasan (tanpa kemasan (kontrol), plastik wrapping, koran) dan faktor kedua adalah masa simpan (0, 4 dan 8 hari). Data yang diperoleh kemudian diolah dengan analisis sidik ragam (ANOVA), selanjutnya diuji Duncan dengan taraf 5%. Hasil yang didapatkan menunjukkan tidak terjadi interaksi antara jenis kemasan dan masa simpan terhadap nilai kekerasan, TPT dan kadar air buah jambu kristal. Namun, jenis kemasan koran menampilkan nilai kekerasan buah jambu kristal yang lebih rendah daripada perlakuan tanpa kemasan (kontrol) dan plastik wrapping, sedangkan masa simpan 0 hari memperlihatkan nilai kekerasan buah jambu kristal yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan masa simpan 4 dan 8 hari. Nilai kekerasan buah mengalami penurunan setelah 4 hari penyimpanan. Penggunaan kemasan berupa plastik wrapping dan koran tidak lebih baik dibandingkan dengan tanpa pengemasan (kontrol) terhadap nilai kekerasan pada buah jambu kristal.ABSTRACT Losses during storage is often encountered in postharvest of crystal guava fruit. Therefore, proper handling is needed. Packaging is the most commonly performed postharvest handling. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship of various packagings and storage periods to the values of firmness, total soluble solids (TSS) and water content of crystal guava fruit. This study used factorial arrangement of completely randomized design (CRD) with four replications. The first factor was packagings (without packaging (control), wrap plastic and paper) and the second factor was storage periods (0, 4, and 8 days) in room temperature (±250C). The data obtained then processed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), then duncan test was carried out with a level of 5%. The results showed no interaction between the types of packaging and storage periods to the values of firmness, TSS and water content of crystal guava fruit. However, the paper packaging presented the firmness value which was lower than without packaging (control) and wrap plastic, whereas the 0 day storage showed the firmness value fruit which was higher than the 4 and 8 days storage. Value of fruit firmness decreased after 4 days of storage. The use of packaging in the form of wrap plastic and paper were not better than without packaging (control) to the firmness of the crystal guava fruit.
<i>Wiwanyag wachipi</i>
Authors: Detwiler Fritz 
Published: July 2019

Graham Harvey’s reconceptualisation of religion emphasises the relational world of indigenous peoples. His suggestion that religion revolves around negotiating with ‘our neighbours’ is particularly relevant to Native American ritual processes insofar as he extends ‘neighbours’ to other-species persons. Further, by emphasising ‘lived religion’, Harvey turns our attention to the significance of embodied religion as it expresses itself in ceremonial performances. Harvey’s approach is enriched by Ronald L. Grimes’ notion of the way in which indigenous rituals take us into the deep world of other-species communities through a gift exchange economy that promotes the wellbeing of everyone in the neighbourhood.
The present discussion demonstrates the applicability of both Harvey’s and Grimes’ approaches to indigenous religious ritual processes by focusing on James R. Walker’s account of Oglala Sun Dancing. Walker constructs a fourstage ritual process from information he gathered while working as a physician on the Pine Ridge Reservation from 1896 to 1914. The entire process, from the declaration of the first candidates who announce their intention to make bodily sacrifices to the culmination of the ritual process in the last four days where the flesh sacrifices are made many months later, centres on re-establishing and promoting harmonious relations among the Oglala and between the Oglala and their other-species neighbours within the Sacred Hoop. The indigenous methodological approach interprets the process through Oglala cosmological and ontological categories and establishes the significance of Harvey’s approach to religion and Grimes’ approach to ritual in understanding embodied and lived religion.