bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High resolution lake sediment record reveals self‐organized criticality in erosion processes regulated by internal feedbacks
Authors: Colombaroli D. , Gavin D.G. , Morey A.E. , Thorndycraft V.R. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractReconstruction of high‐frequency erosion variability beyond the instrumental record requires well‐dated, high‐resolution proxies from sediment archives. We used computed tomography (CT) scans of finely laminated silt layers from a lake‐sediment record in southwest Oregon to quantify the magnitude of natural landscape erosion events over the last 2000 years in order to compare with palaeorecords of climate, forest fire, and seismic triggers. Sedimentation rates were modeled from an age–depth relationship fit through five 14C dates and the 1964 AD 137Cs peak in which deposition time (yr mm‐1) varied inversely with the proportion of silt sediment measured by the CT profile. This model resulted in pseudo‐annual estimates of silt deposition for the last 2000 years. Silt accumulation during the past 80 years was strongly correlated with river‐discharge at annual and decadal scales, revealing that erosion was highly responsive to precipitation during the logging era (1930–present). Before logging the frequency–magnitude relationship displayed a power‐law distribution that is characteristic of complex feedbacks and self‐regulating mechanisms. The 100‐year and 10‐year erosion magnitude estimated in a 99‐year moving window varied by 1.7 and 1.0 orders of magnitude, respectively. Decadal erosion magnitude was only moderately positively correlated with a summer temperature reconstruction over the period 900–1900 AD. Magnitude of the seven largest events was similar to the cumulative silt accumulation anomaly, suggesting these events ‘returned the system’ to the long‐term mean rate. Instead, the occurrence of most erosion events was related to fire (silt layers preceded by high charcoal concentration) and earthquakes (the seven thickest layers often match paleo‐earthquake dates). Our data show how internal (i.e. sediment production) and external processes (natural fires or more stochastic events such as earthquakes) co‐determine erosion regimes at millennial time scales, and the extent to which such processes can be offset by recent large‐scale deforestation by logging. Copyright © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Dynamic association and participant based adaptive streaming in small base station for live video conference on 5G networks
Authors: D Frederick Swartz Daniel , K.A Mohamed Junaid , B Jaison , J.T Anita Rose 
Published: March 2018

AbstractTargeting to handle the explosive growth of mobile media streaming, the emerging fifth‐generation systems need to manage control plane and data plane appropriately. The control plane is used for node association in the heterogeneous cellular network and data plane for media streaming with heterogeneous user equipment. To satisfy the aforementioned requirements, we proposed a solution to alter the control plane and data plane by systematic usage of in‐network resource available in wireless edge (eg, macro, pico, and femto) small base stations (SBSs) for the deployment of smart association policies and media processing technique that improve the efficiency in fifth‐generation wireless networks. On the other hand, due to the broadcast nature of wireless medium, we introduce the media processing agent (MPA) that would reside in SBSs to process the media on the fly and then deliver streams adaptively to the participants. MPA can identify the presenter among the participant to create the server channel with media server and the observer can service from MPA itself. To better exploit the participant's node association with the nearby SBSs, association policies are enhanced with concerns on dynamic association with SBSs. In addition, we describe a heuristic algorithm that provides significant performance gains compared with the existing centralized processing schemes. Numerical results are presented with realistic parameters for the media processing speed, and the quality of delivery demonstrate up to 20% reduction in central processing unit usage over existing (centralized) media processing schemes.
Experimental comparisons in façade fire testing considering SP Fire 105 and the BS 8414‐1
Authors: Anderson J. , Boström L. , Jansson McNamee R. , Milovanović B. 
Published: March 2018

SummaryA comparison between full‐scale façade fire tests where SP Fire 105 and BS 8414‐1 were used regarding repeatability and the use of modeling to discern changes in the setups is presented. Two test series according to BS 8414‐1 were repeated outside using the same façade systems on 2 different days, whereas for the SP Fire 105 a set of common façade systems in Sweden were tested indoors. In particular, the results show that the wind around the test setup may have a significant impact on the tests and that the heat exposure to the façade surface will depend on the thickness of the test specimen where an increased temperature in front of the façade, and a decreased temperature on the façade 2.1 m above the fire room, is observed experimentally. The heat exposure to the test specimen varies to a more limited extent when an uncontrollable free burning fire source is used (in this study heptane and wood, respectively) and that this variation increases when wind is present.
Foliar application of macro‐ and micronutrients for pest‐mites control in citrus crops
Authors: Chávez‐Dulanto Perla N. , Rey Benjamín , Ubillús Carlos , Rázuri Vicente , Bazán Rubén , Sarmiento Jorge 
Published: March 2018

AbstractPanonychus citri McGregor (“Citrus red mite”) and Phyllocoptruta oleivora Ashmead (“Citrus rust mite”) are key pests of citrus crops in the Chancay valley, Peru, causing dramatical losses in yield and fruit quality. These pest‐mites affect food security in the area, where the small farming prevails, as the citrus crop is the main generating income source for most of households. Small farmers fight against these pest‐mites by spraying nutritional elements on leaves, as it is cheaper and less harmful than using a chemical miticide. Thus, the aim of this work was determining the influence of the foliar application of elements currently used by farmers (Calcium, Magnesium, Zinc, Copper, Iron, Manganese, and Boron) and a mix of all of them at two dosage levels on the population dynamic of these two key citrus pests on tangerine cv. Clemenules, along a whole crop season in the Chancay Valley. Panonychus citri was detected on leaves during the whole crop cycle, while Phyllocoptruta oleivora was visible during the third leaf and bloom shooting period. There were not statistical differences between dosages, but statistical differences were observed between treatments and the control, the latter registering the highest population level of both mites during the whole crop cycle. Application of Cu, Mn, Mg, and Zn did show the lowest P. citri population rates, while Fe, Mix, Cu, Mg, and Zn did show the lowest population levels of P. oleivora. The foliage analysis revealed that the nutritional content of leaves of tangerine trees under study during the crop cycle was mostly at optimal levels, according to the standards for the crop. These results support the current practice of farmers and confirm that the foliar application of microelements represents a potential pesticide alternative method for management/control of citrus mites, lowering production costs, avoiding excessive pesticide applications, and increasing yield and fruit quality.
On modeling of MPS‐based multiphase fluid flow with low density ratios
Authors: Pahar Gourabananda , Dhar Anirban 
Published: March 2018

SummaryA divergence‐free moving particle semi‐implicit framework has been formulated for modeling of multiple miscible fluids having small density ratios (≤ 1.10) in the presence of free surface. A density‐weighted pressure gradient along with a hybrid free‐surface treatment is specifically adopted to incorporate the effect of marginal density difference through a higher‐order kernel. The hybrid free‐surface treatment reduces error in velocity divergence and resulting spurious velocity fluctuation in the vicinity of free surface for low‐velocity system. Scalar transport equation is resolved to update density associated with the particles at every time step. A total of 9 cases of lock‐exchange flow with different lock positions and density ratios have been utilized to validate the proposed framework. The model performs satisfactorily irrespective of lock positions and low density variations (3%‐9%).
A Late Medieval motte‐and‐bailey settlement in a lowland river valley landscape of Central Poland
Authors: Kittel Piotr , Sikora Jerzy , Wroniecki Piotr 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe Rozprza motte‐and‐bailey residence in Central Poland was inhabited from the third decade of the 14th century up to the 15th century A.D. and functioned as a seat of a noble family. It was situated in the place occupied previously by an Early Medieval open settlement and a later ring‐fort. The motte was constructed on the river terrace remnant adjoining a strongly expanding flood plain in the central part of the mid‐Luciąża River valley. The immediate surroundings of the stronghold were studied by means of archaeological excavations, detailed geological mapping (hand‐auger transects and trenching), and large‐scale aerial photography, as well as geochemical and geophysical (magnetic gradiometry and soil electrical resistance) prospection. All the results have been integrated within a GIS and supported by a set of 14C dates that allow for a detailed geomorphological reconstruction of the stronghold situation, including former river patterns, the local flood plain development, and the history of the Medieval fortress site with its moats. Our research provides insights into the late Holocene evolution of a small river valley and confirms the favorable conditions for the location of the motte on a terrace remnant protected by the system of moats and surrounding paleochannels and swampy areas within the valley floor.
APOE influences working memory in non‐demented elderly through an interaction with SPON1 rs2618516
Authors: Liu Zhen , Dai Xiangwei , Tao Wuhai , Liu Huilan , Li He , Yang Caishui , Zhang Junying , Li Xin , Chen Yaojing , Ma Chao , Pei Jing , Mao Haohao , Chen Kewei , Zhang Zhanjun 
Published: March 2018

AbstractExploring how risk genes cumulatively impair brain function in preclinical phase (i.e., in cognitively normal elderly) could provide critical insights into the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Working memory impairment has always been a considerable cognitive deficit in AD, which is likely under complex genetic control. Though, the APOE ɛ4 allele could damage the working memory performance in normal elderly, dissociable results have been reported. This allele may exert specific effects in contexts with other genetic variants. The rs2618516 in the spondin 1 gene (SPON1) has been associated with AD risk and brain structure in the elderly. SPON1 may interact with APOE through processing the amyloid precursor protein and suppressing amyloid‐β levels. Using neuropsychological tasks from 710 individuals, we found significant SPON1 × APOE genotype interactions in working memory and executive function performances. Moreover, such interaction was also found in regional brain activations based on functional magnetic resonance imaging data with the n‐back working memory task performed in a sub‐cohort of 64 subjects. The effects of ɛ4 allele on activation of right inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part (IFGtriang.R) were modulated by rs2618516 in a working memory task. Furthermore, lower IFGtriang.R activation was associated with better cognitive functions. Moreover, the IFGtriang.R activation could mediate the impacts of SPON1 × APOE interactions on working memory performance. These findings suggested the importance of weighing APOE effects on brain activation under the working memory task within the context of the SPON1 genotype.
Physicians, sick leave certificates, and patients' subsequent employment outcomes
Authors: Ahammer Alexander 
Published: March 2018

AbstractI analyze how general practitioners (GPs) indirectly affect their patients' employment outcomes by deciding the length of sick leaves. I use an instrumental variables framework where spell durations are identified through supply‐side certification measures. I find that a day of sick leave certified only because the worker's GP has a high propensity to certify sick leaves decreases the employment probability persistently by 0.45–0.69 percentage points, but increases the risk of becoming unemployed by 0.28–0.44 percentage points. These effects are mostly driven by workers with low job tenure. Several robustness checks show that endogenous matching between patients and GPs does not impair identification. My results bear important implications for doctors: Whenever medically justifiable, certifying shorter sick leaves to protect the employment status of the patient may be beneficial.
Bocca's hemipharyngo‐total laryngectomy for hypopharyngeal carcinoma to avoid reconstruction with a pedicled flap
Authors: Lucioni Marco , Lionello Marco , Salis Gianni , Bertolin Andy , Rizzotto Giuseppe 
Published: March 2018

AbstractBackgroundMajor pharyngeal defects after total pharyngolaryngectomy for hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) frequently demand reconstruction strategies that include myocutaneous pedicled flaps, such as the pectoralis major flap.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed the clinical charts of 24 patients with hypopharyngeal SCC treated with Bocca's hemipharyngo‐total laryngectomy (HPTL) at our Institution.ResultsEighteen patients (80%) experienced no disease recurrence after primary surgery and were alive with no evidence of disease after a mean follow‐up of 43 months. The 2‐year overall survival (OS) and disease‐specific survival (DSS) rates in our sample were 69% and 82%, respectively.ConclusionBocca's HPTL enables an immediate neopharyngeal reconstruction, and is indicated in selected patients with intermediate to advanced hypopharyngeal tumors.
Poly ADP‐ribose polymerase‐1 as a potential therapeutic target in Merkel cell carcinoma
Authors: Ferrarotto Renata , Cardnell Robert , Su Shirley , Diao Lixia , Eterovic A. Karina , Prieto Victor , Morrisson William H. , Wang Jing , Kies Merrill S. , Glisson Bonnie S. , Byers Lauren Averett , Bell Diana 
Published: March 2018

AbstractBackgroundPatients with metastatic Merkel cell carcinoma are treated similarly to small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Poly ADP‐ribose polymerase‐1 (PARP1) is overexpressed in SCLC and response to PARP inhibitors have been reported in patients with SCLC. Our study explores PARP as a therapeutic target in Merkel cell carcinoma.MethodsWe evaluated PARP1 expression and Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) in 19 patients with Merkel cell carcinoma. Target exome‐sequencing was performed in 14 samples. Sensitivity to olaparib was tested in 4 Merkel cell carcinoma cell lines.ResultsMost Merkel cell carcinomas (74%) express PARP1 at high levels. Mutations in DNA‐damage repair genes were identified in 9 samples (64%), occurred exclusively in head neck primaries, and correlated with TP53/RB1 mutations. The TP53/RB1 mutations were more frequent in MCPyV‐negative tumors. Sensitivity to olaparib was seen in the Merkel cell carcinoma line with highest PARP1 expression.ConclusionBased on PARP1 overexpression, DNA‐damage repair gene mutations, platinum sensitivity, and activity of olaparib in a Merkel cell carcinoma line, clinical trials with PARP inhibitors are warranted in Merkel cell carcinoma.
Myoepithelial carcinoma of the nasopharynx: Rare case report with clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical features review of literature
Authors: Chen Linyan , Fu Yiyun , Wang Haiyang , Yang Fuyao , Liu Jun , Xia Fan , Ma Xuelei 
Published: March 2018

AbstractBackgroundMyoepithelial carcinoma is a rare salivary carcinoma, which most often arises from the major salivary glands. Only a few cases of myoepithelial carcinoma of the nasopharynx have been reported, thus, the treatment guideline and prognosis remain undefined.MethodsWe reported a case of nasopharyngeal myoepithelial carcinoma in a 31‐year‐old man. The tumor cells showed specific cell types and arrangements histologically, which were immunoreactive with myoepithelial markers. The patient received surgical excision with transpalatal approach. A literature review of previous cases was also presented.ResultsThe patient reflected residual tumor 4 weeks later. After concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CRT), the tumor reduced and remained stable without signs of progression.ConclusionThe nasopharyngeal mass with spindled, plasmacytoid, epithelioid, and clear cell types, was suggested to raise the suspicion of myoepithelial carcinoma in order to diagnose and treat early. The wide surgical excision followed by optimal adjuvant therapy might offer a mode of treatment with better survival results.
BRAFwild papillary thyroid carcinoma has two distinct mRNA expression patterns with different clinical behaviors
Authors: Kim Hyeung Kyoo , Lee Inhwa , Lee Jeonghun , Chang Hang‐Seok , Soh Euy Young , Park Il Seok , Kim Jin Hwan , Rho Young Soo , Lee Dong Jin 
Published: March 2018

AbstractBackgroundUsing a large set of genomic data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), we classified BRAFwild papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTCs) into 2 subtypes with distinct molecular patterns and different clinical behaviors. We also suggested gene signatures (RAS‐score) to predict molecular subtypes and clinical behaviors of BRAFwild PTC.MethodIntegrated genomic analysis was done using all genomic data of PTC in TCGA data portal (https://tcga‐data.nci.nih.gov) and cancer browser (https://genome‐cancer.ucsc.edu). Using Gene Ontology and a logistic regression test, we selected gene signatures (RAS‐score) and applied this prediction model to the validation cohort (GSE60542).ResultWhen we performed multiplatform genomic analysis, BRAFwild PTCs were divided into 2 molecular subtypes. Each subtype showed distinct molecular patterns and clinical behaviors. Gene signatures successfully predicted molecular subtype in another validation cohort.ConclusionWe found that BRAFwild PTCs were divided into 2 molecular subtypes and each subtype showed distinct molecular patterns, different activated pathways, and different clinical behaviors.
Translating the impact of knowledge management into knowledge‐based innovation: The neglected and mediating role of knowledge‐worker satisfaction
Authors: Shujahat Muhammad , Ali Bakhtiar , Nawaz Faisal , Durst Susanne , Kianto Aino 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe purpose of knowledge management is innovation. However, this study proposes that the existence of knowledge management in the knowledge‐worker's work environment can nurture the overall satisfaction of knowledge worker. As the ultimate purpose of knowledge management is innovation performance, therefore, the satisfaction of knowledge worker as an outcome of knowledge management should be greater innovation performance. Consequently, the purpose of this study is to test the mediating role of satisfaction of knowledge worker between knowledge management and innovation. The study collected the data from 306 knowledge workers (engineers and managers) of software houses from Pakistan. The SmartPLS 3 Version 2.7 software that uses the PLS‐SEM (Partial Least Square‐Structural Equation Modelling) technique was used. The results indicate that satisfaction of knowledge worker mediates between two knowledge management processes (knowledge creation and knowledge sharing) and innovation significantly. However, it does not mediate between knowledge utilization and innovation significantly.
Development of novel monoclonal antibodies to dog leukocyte antigen DR displaying direct and immune‐mediated cytotoxicity toward canine lymphoma cell lines
Authors: Lisowska Marta , Pawlak Aleksandra , Kutkowska Justyna , Hildebrand Wojciech , Ugorski Maciej , Rapak Andrzej , Miazek Arkadiusz 
Published: March 2018

AbstractSpontaneous canine lymphoma (CL) has become a promising, nonrodent model for advancing the therapeutic strategies of human hematological malignancies. As new resources for veterinary and comparative studies on CL‐associated antigens, we developed 2 novel mouse monoclonal antibodies, denoted B5 and E11, that recognized the canine major histocompatibility Class II DR antigens (dog leukocyte antigen DR). Using flow cytometry and solid phase immunoenzymatic assays, we showed that the antigens recognized by B5 and E11 were strongly expressed in several CL cell lines and the ex vivo canine neoplastic cells of B and mixed B/T immunophenotypes. Additionally, we evaluated a minimal cross‐reactivity of B5 and E11 with the human B‐cell line, Raji. By the ectopic expression of the hybrid murine/canine I‐E/DR dimers in the HEK293 cells, we demonstrated that the epitope of B5 was localized to the invariant DRα chain, whereas the epitope of E11 was collectively formed by the DRα and DRβ chains. Both epitopes were conformational and conserved in all the tested unrelated individuals of different dog breeds. In vitro treatment of 2 CL B‐cell lines (CLBL1 and CLB70) with B5 and E11 rapidly induced a direct apoptotic cell death. Similarily, both mouse monoclonal antibodies efficiently killed the above cell lines through the mechanisms of complement‐dependent and antibody‐mediated cellular phagocytosis. Collectively, our data support the further development of B5 and E11 as novel tools for dog leukocyte antigen DR‐targeted, preclinical trials involving CL.
Surviving neoliberalism, maintaining values: Community health mergers in Victoria, Australia
Authors: Roussy Véronique , Livingstone Charles 
Published: March 2018

SummaryPurposeIndependent, not‐for‐profit community health services in the state of Victoria, Australia, provide one of that country's few models of comprehensive primary health care (PHC). Recent amalgamations among some such agencies created regional‐sized community health organisations, in a departure from this sector's traditionally small local structure. This study explored the motivations, desired outcomes, and decision‐making process behind these mergers.MethodologyQualitative exploratory study was based on 26 semistructured interviews with key informants associated with 2 community health mergers, which took place in 2014 in Victoria, Australia. Thematic data analysis was influenced by concepts derived from institutional theory.FindingsBecoming bigger by merging was viewed as the best way to respond to mounting external pressures, such as increasingly neoliberal funding mechanisms, perceived as threatening survival. Desired outcomes were driven by comprehensive PHC values, and related to creating organisational capacity to continue providing quality services to disadvantaged communities.Originality/valueThis study offers insights into decision‐making processes geared towards protecting the comprehensiveness of PHC service delivery for disadvantaged communities, ensuring financial viability, and surviving neoliberal economic policy whilst preserving communitarian values. These are relevant to an international audience, within a global context of rising health inequities, increasingly tight fiscal environments, and growing neoliberal influences on health policymaking and funding.