bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biphenotypic Sinonasal Sarcoma: A Review and Update
Authors: Carter Cody S. , East Ellen G. , McHugh Jonathan B. 
Published: October 2018

Context.—Biphenotypic sinonasal sarcoma (BSNS) is a rare, slow-growing soft tissue sarcoma of the sinonasal tract, typically presenting with nonspecific obstructive nasal symptoms. Although recurrences are common, no metastases have been reported, and only 1 patient has died of disease thus far. It characteristically demonstrates rearrangements of PAX3 with multiple fusion partners, the most common of which is MAML3.Objectives.—To highlight the most important diagnostic features, including morphologic, immunohistochemical, and molecular findings, and to provide comparisons to other entities in the differential diagnosis. We also aim to provide a summary of the clinical features and outcomes in cases reported to date.Data Sources.—Recently published literature encompassing BSNS and its synonym, low-grade sinonasal sarcoma with neural and myogenic differentiation.Conclusions.—BSNS is a sinonasal tumor that is important to recognize because its biologic behavior differs from most of the entities in the differential diagnosis. The diagnosis can typically be rendered through a combination of morphology, immunohistochemical stains, and ancillary testing for characteristic PAX3 rearrangements.
Hereditary Leiomyomatosis and Renal Cell Carcinoma Syndrome (HLRCC): A Contemporary Review and Practical Discussion of the Differential Diagnosis for HLRCC-Associated Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Skala Stephanie L. , Dhanasekaran Saravana M. , Mehra Rohit 
Published: October 2018

Context.—Hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell carcinoma syndrome (HLRCC) is an uncommon disorder with germline-inactivating mutations in the fumarate hydratase (FH) gene. The kidney cancers that develop in patients with HLRCC are often unilateral and solitary, with a potentially aggressive clinical course; morphologic identification of suspicious cases is of the utmost importance.Objective.—To review classic morphologic features of HLRCC-associated renal cell carcinoma, the reported morphologic spectrum of these tumors and their mimics, and the evidence for use of immunohistochemistry and molecular testing in diagnosis of these tumors.Data Sources.—University of Michigan cases and review of pertinent literature about HLRCC and the morphologic spectrum of HLRCC-associated renal cell carcinoma.Conclusions.—Histologic features, such as prominent nucleoli with perinucleolar halos and multiple architectural patterns within one tumor, are suggestive of HLRCC-associated renal cell carcinoma. However, the morphologic spectrum is broad. Appropriate use of FH immunohistochemistry and referral to genetic counseling is important for detection of this syndrome.
La condamnation de l’usure dans le Christianisme et dans l’Islam
Authors: Khoury Nabil 
Published: October 2018

Tout paiement d’intérêt sur un prêt a toujours été condamné comme de l’usure dans le Christianisme et dans l’Islam. Cette condamnation fut imposée par ces deux religions de par leur autorité, sans justification aucune. Malgré tout, elle a inspiré théologiens et exégètes qui ont cherché à l’interpréter et à l’adapter aux impératifs de l’évolution des sociétés. C’est ainsi que du côté chrétien, les docteurs scholastiques ont développé une doctrine de l’usure considérée comme une des premières avancées de la science économique en occident, alors que du côté de l’islam, on assiste depuis la deuxième moitié du XXème siècle à l’émergence d’un système financier moderne fondé sur la Sharia.
Cette étude présente une analyse approfondie de l’évolution de la pensée économique sur ce sujet. Elle met en exergue les fondements financiers des mesures proposées par les exégètes et souligne leur impact sur la vie socio-économique en occident et en orient à travers l’histoire.
Analyse intersectionnelle des défis et enjeux des inégalités sociales sur le marché du travail : l’expérience de vingt femmes congolaises résidant au Québec et en Ontario
Authors: Namululi Nsimire , Bagaoui Rachid , Hemedzo Komi 
Published: October 2018

Dans une perspective intersectionnelle qui articule les différents marqueurs identitaires, notamment la couleur de la peau, le sexe, l’origine ethnique, la taille, la langue et la religion, cet article est basé sur une étude qui veut savoir dans quelle mesure ces variables prédisposent les femmes noires originaires de l’Afrique aux discriminations, mythes, racisme, préjugés et stéréotypes sur le marché de l’emploi. L’article présente les résultats d’une analyse qualitative qui se concentre sur les expériences de femmes immigrantes congolaises sur le marché de l’emploi en Ontario et au Québec, deux grandes provinces du Canada. Les résultats soulèvent trois variables qui illustrent les difficultés de ces femmes sur le marché de l’emploi : la couleur de la peau, le sexe et l’origine ethnique. L’article montre que ces femmes sont discriminées systématiquement, qu’elles soient nées au Canada ou qu’elles y aient immigré.
Rapid Detection and Monitoring of Flavobacterium psychrophilum in Water by Using a Handheld, Field-Portable Quantitative PCR System
Authors: Nguyen Phong L. , Sudheesh Ponnerassery S. , Thomas Austen C. , Sinnesael Mieke , Haman Katherine , Cain Kenneth D. 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Advances in technology are making it easier for rapid field detection of microbes in aquaculture. Specifically, real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) analysis, which has traditionally been confined to laboratory-based protocols, is now available in a handheld, field-portable system. The feasibility of using the Biomeme handheld qPCR system for rapid (&lt;50 min) on-site detection and monitoring of Flavobacterium psychrophilum from filtered water samples was evaluated. Paired water samples were collected over a 23-d period from microcosm tanks that housed fish injected with known levels of F. psychrophilum. Water samples were filtered through 0.45-μm nitrocellulose filters and were analyzed with both the Biomeme qPCR platform and a traditional bench qPCR protocol. The two methods identified similar fluctuations in F. psychrophilum DNA throughout the study. Standard curves relating quantification cycles to the number of F. psychrophilum colony-forming units (CFU) were constructed and analyzed; results indicated that CFU increased rapidly between days 6 and 8 of the trial and then progressively decreased during the remaining 15 d. Average calculated log10(CFU/mL) values were significantly correlated between the two platforms. Rapid, field-based qPCR can be incorporated into daily water quality monitoring protocols to help detect and monitor microbes in aquaculture systems.
Health Characteristics and Blood Bacterial Assemblages of Healthy Captive Red Drum: Implications for Aquaculture and Fish Health Management
Authors: Tarnecki Andrea M. , Rhody Nicole R. , Walsh Catherine J. 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
The newly emerging tissue microbiota hypothesis suggests that bacteria found in blood and tissues play a role in host health, as these bacterial communities have been associated with various noncommunicable diseases such as obesity, liver disease, and cardiovascular disease. Numerous reports have identified bacteria in the blood of healthy finfish, indicating bacteremia may not always indicate disease. Current research priorities in aquaculture include the development of technologies and practices that will allow for an effective reduction in antibiotic use for the prevention and treatment of disease. Overall, a better understanding of fish health is needed, particularly among species selected for commercial-scale production. This study investigated blood characteristics of cultured Red Drum Sciaenops ocellatus with the tissue microbiota hypothesis in mind. Bacterial assemblages within the blood were characterized using next-generation sequencing and compared with other various blood characteristics, including innate immune function enzymes, between two fish cohorts reared in aquaculture. A total of 137 prokaryotic operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were identified from the blood of Red Drum. Microbiota diversity and structure varied greatly among individuals, for which the number of OTUs ranged from 4 to 58; however, predicted metagenomic function was highly similar between individuals and was dominated by the metabolism of carbohydrates and amino acids and membrane transport. Communities were dominated by Proteobacteria, followed by Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Actinobacteria. The most commonly identified genera included Acinetobacter, Bacillus, Corynebacterium, and Pseudomonas. Three genera previously identified as containing marine fish pathogens were detected: Corynebacterium, Pantoea, and Chryseobacterium. A subset of bacterial OTUs were positively correlated with superoxide dismutase activity and negatively correlated with lysozyme activity, indicating a relationship between blood microbiota and the innate immune system. The results of this study provide further evidence for the tissue microbiota hypothesis and demonstrate the potential for these bacterial communities to be linked to immunological characteristics often used as biomarkers for fish health.
Discovery of the first self‐assembling peptide, study of peptide dynamic behaviors, and G protein‐coupled receptors using an Aviv circular dichroism spectropolarimeter
Authors: Zhang Shuguang 
Published: September 2018

AbstractCircular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy is a useful technique to study the structure and dynamics of peptides, proteins and nucleic acids. CD is particularly useful because sample volumes may be as low as 50 μL, it provides high precision and sensitivity, and it achieves a good signal to noise ratio. CD characterizes molecular conformational changes in real time by finely controlling temperature, pH, and titrating urea and guanidine·HCl which is necessary for studying protein folding. Although CD does not provide detailed structure at the atomic level, it provides a global structural framework. Researchers use CD to observe molecular phenomena, namely how macromolecules unfold/refold and their overall self‐assembly/disassembly. Using CD to monitor a peptide structure, I serendipitously discovered the self‐assembling peptide EAK16 from yeast protein Zuotin. This unusual peptide formed a new type of nanofiber scaffold hydrogel material. The discovery in 1990 opened a new field in the design and study of numerous self‐assembling peptides, thereby launching the area of peptide nanobiotechnology. In this review, I reflect on my personal discoveries of several self‐assembling peptides, investigations into the dynamic behaviors of peptides, as well as the impact of the work on society. I also describe studies of natural membrane proteins and engineered membrane proteins using CD. Furthermore, I enjoyed numerous and close interactions with Jack Aviv since 1997. He generously supported 10 high impact workshops (Crete and Mikonos) and meetings in various countries around the world that left fond memories of many young researches who later became leading scientists in their respective fields.
In‐hospital outcomes of STEMI patients on warfarin undergoing primary PCI
Authors: Marbach Jeffrey A. , Almufleh Aws , Bernick Jordan , Blondeau Melissa , Osborne Christina , Russo Juan , Hibbert Benjamin , Froeschl Michael , Labinaz Marino , Glover Christopher , Dick Alexander , So Derek , Chong Aun‐Yeong , Le May Michel 
Published: September 2018

AbstractObjectivesWe sought to describe the safety and efficacy outcomes of patients on warfarin presenting with ST‐elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).BackgroundLimited data exist on the outcomes and optimal management of STEMI patients on warfarin undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).MethodsBaseline characteristics and outcomes were prospectively collected for 2,390 consecutive STEMI patients referred for primary PCI. Patients were stratified based on warfarin use at baseline. The primary safety endpoint was the rate of in‐hospital bleeding (a composite of major bleeding or minor bleeding) according to the thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) classification. Efficacy endpoints included major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), defined as death, myocardial infarction, or stroke, as well as intracranial bleeding, cardiogenic shock, and length of stay. Multiple logistic regression was used to determine if warfarin was independently associated with bleeding and MACE.ResultsWarfarin patients (n = 59 vs. n = 2,331) were significantly older (73.2 years vs. 61.7 years; P < 0.01), and more likely to present as Killip Class IV (13.6% vs. 2.7%; P < 0.01). TIMI major/minor bleeding occurred in 30.4% of the warfarin patients and 14.2% of the control patients (P < 0.01). After adjustment warfarin was independently associated with an increased risk of bleeding (OR 2.08; P = 0.04). Warfarin patients also had an increased frequency of MACE (20.3% vs. 5.9%; P < 0.01), though this was not significant after adjustment (OR 2.00; P = 0.10).ConclusionsSTEMI patients on warfarin referred for primary PCI are more likely to experience bleeding. New strategies are needed to optimize the management and minimize bleeding in this high‐risk population.
Alcohol septal ablation for outflow tract obstruction after transcatheter aortic and mitral valve replacement
Authors: Edris Ahmad , Bartel Thomas , Tuzcu Emin M. , Suri Rakesh M. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractLeft ventricular outflow obstruction after transcatheter mitral valve replacement is a life‐threatening complication. We report a case of a 68‐year old female with early degeneration of a transcatheter aortic valve and severely calcified mitral valve stenosis who was considered inoperable by a multidisciplinary heart team and referred for transcatheter aortic and mitral valve replacement. Our aim is to report the planning, procedural aspects, and management of device‐related left‐ventricular outflow tract obstruction after transcatheter double valve replacement.
Post procedural risk assessment in patients undergoing trans aortic valve implantation according to the age, creatinine, and ejection fraction‐7 score: Advantages of age, creatinine, and ejection fraction‐7 in stratification of post‐procedural outcome
Authors: Denegri Andrea , Mehran Roxana , Holy Erik , Taramasso Maurizio , Pasotti Elena , Pedrazzini Giovanni , Moccetti Tiziano , Maisano Francesco , Nietlispach Fabian , Obeid Slayman 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBackgroundPost‐procedural risk stratification based on renal function after trans aortic valve implantation (TAVI) was assessed by means of a modified age, creatinine, and ejection fraction (ACEF) score using the lowest glomerular filtration rate (GFR), obtained within 1 week after valve implantation. We refer to the score as ACEF‐7 score.MethodsThe Zurich‐ and Cardiocentro Ticino TAVI‐Cohorts comprised of 424, and 137 patients, who were not on hemodialysis and had already survived the first post‐procedural week. Zurich patients were stratified into tertiles of ACEF‐7 score (ACEF‐7Low ≤ 2.45 (n = 138), ACEF‐7Mid 2.46–4.38 (n = 142), and ACEF‐7High ≥ 4.39 (n = 144) and compared for survival using KM curves. Euroscore II, Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS), and ACEF were also calculated at baseline in all patients and assessed for prognostic significance in predicting the primary outcome of 1‐year all‐cause mortality using univariate and multivariate Cox regression models. Results were then confirmed in the Cardiocentro cohort.ResultsSix months (18.1% vs. 6.3% vs. 2.9% P < 0.001) and 1‐year all‐cause mortality (24.3% vs. 12.7% % vs. 5.8%, P < 0.001), as well as the composite of death or rehospitalization (35% vs. 20% vs. 11% P < 0.001) occurred significantly more frequently in the ACEF‐7High compared to the other groups. Both Euroscore II and STS score were not predictors of mortality in our cohort. In a multivariate Cox regression model corrected for gender, Acute Kidney Injury, and baseline ACEF score, the ACEF‐7 score was an independent predictor of 1‐year all‐cause mortality as a per point increment HR 1.512 [95% CI 1.227–1.862, P < 0.001] and as ACEF‐7High (≥4.39); HR 5.541 [1.694–18.120]). In addition, the ACEF‐7 tertiles showed a significant (P = 0.02) net reclassification improvement of 16% when compared to baseline tertiles of ACEF score, when assessing 1‐year all‐cause mortality.ConclusionPost‐procedural risk stratification using the simple ACEF‐7 score significantly better predicted long‐term outcome than commonly used risk‐scores.Practical implications could include contrast sparing and renal protection in high‐risk patients, emphasizing the importance of preventative measures.
Safety and efficacy of switching from unfractionated heparin to bivalirudin during primary percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Shah Rahman , Jovin Ion S. , Chaudhry Amina , Haji Showkat A. , Askari Raza , Dennis Mallie M. , Berzingi Chalak , Rao Sunil V. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate the safety and efficacy of switching to bivalirudin during primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for patients who received preprocedure unfractionated heparin (UFH).BackgroundCurrent guidelines favor bivalirudin for primary PCI in patients at high risk of bleeding, particularly when femoral access is used. However, patients with ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction frequently receive UFH before arrival in the catheterization laboratory.MethodsScientific databases and websites were searched for randomized controlled trials. Patients were divided into those who received heparin with or without glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors (heparin group); those switched to bivalirudin during primary PCI from preprocedure UFH (switch group); and those who received bivalirudin without preprocedure UFH (Biv‐alone group). Both traditional pairwise meta‐analyses using moderator analyses and network meta‐analyses using mixed‐treatment comparison models were performed.ResultsData from five trials including13,547 patients were analyzed. In mixed‐comparison models, switching to bivalirudin during primary PCI was associated with lower rates for all‐cause mortality and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) compared to the other strategies. Rates for all‐cause mortality, MACEs, and net adverse clinical events (NACEs) were similar for the heparin and Biv‐alone groups. Switching strategies was also associated with lower major bleeding rates compared to heparin alone. Similarly, in a standard pairwise model, both the switch and Biv‐alone groups were associated with decreased bleeding risk compared to the heparin group. However, only the switch strategy was associated with decreased all‐cause mortality (RR, 0.47; 95% CI, 0.30–0.75; P = 0.001), MACE (RR, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.49–0.91; P = 0.012), and NACE (RR, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.41–0.92; P = 0.019) compared with heparin alone.ConclusionsDuring primary PCI, use of bivalirudin for those receiving preprocedure UFH was associated decreased rates for major bleeding, NACEs, MACEs, and all‐cause mortality compared to heparin +/− GPI. This strategy was also associated with decreased rates for MACEs and all‐cause mortality compared to bivalirudin alone without preprocedure UFH.
Temporal trends, characteristics and outcomes of fibrinolytic therapy for ST‐elevation myocardial infarction among patients 80 years or older
Authors: Ogunbayo Gbolahan O. , Misumida Naoki , Ayoub Karam , Hailemariam Yared , Hillerson Dustin , Elbadawi Ayman , Abdel‐Latif Ahmed , Smyth Susan , Ziada Khaled , Messerli Adrian W. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBackgroundPharmacologic reperfusion therapy is a recommended and effective strategy in patients with ST‐elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) when percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is not available. This study investigates temporal trends and outcomes of fibrinolytic therapy (FT) in elderly patients with STEMI.MethodsUsing the Nationwide Inpatient Sample database, we extracted patients ≥80 years a primary diagnosis of STEMI admitted between 2010 and 2014. Using ICD codes, we identified patients who underwent FT. We performed temporal trend analysis, then compared characteristics and inpatient outcomes in the FT group versus no‐FT group. Our primary outcome of interest was hemorrhagic stroke (HS). We also assessed the impact of HS on mortality and discharge to skilled nursing facility (SNF).ResultsOf the 917,307 patients with STEMI, 16.1% (n = 147,874) were aged 80 or older. Primary PCI was performed in 46.2%, 2.4% underwent FT, and 51.3% had neither pharmacologic nor mechanical revascularization. The rate of FT increased (1.9%–2.4%) in a nonlinear trend over the five years of the study. The FT group was eight times more likely to suffer HS (P < 0.001). FT was an independent predictor of HS (OR 7.90, 95% CI 4.36–14.30; P < 0.001), whether they underwent PCI or not. HS was an independent predictor of mortality and SNF discharge.ConclusionFT in patients 80 years or older presenting with STEMI was associated with an eight‐fold increase in HS and no associated mortality advantage, both with or without PCI. These data underscore the increased risk of FT in the elderly.
Feasibility and 1‐year outcome of transcatheter closure of perimembranous ventricular septal defects with different devices
Authors: Shrestha Manish , Promphan Worakan , Layangool Thanarat , Roymanee Supaporn , Wongwaitaweewong Kanjarut , Prachasilchai Pimpak , Kirawittaya Tawatchai , Sangtawesin Chaisit , Pattarakunwiwat Panthip 
Published: September 2018

AbstractObjectiveTo analyze feasibility of closing perimembranous ventricular septal defect (pmVSD) with different devices by percutaneous approach and determining initial 1‐year outcome of the procedure.BackgroundTranscatheter closure of pmVSD remains controversial due to a previous higher incidence of complete heart block (CHB), especially with the Amplatzer pmVSD occluder. Recently, several devices have been used to minimize the procedure‐related complications.Methods and materialsA retrospective longitudinal cohort study of 133 patients who underwent transcatheter closure of pmVSD from September 2009 to March 2015. The median age and weight at intervention were 7.1 years (ranging from 9 months to 28 years) and 21.2 kg (ranging from 6.4 to 93 kg).ResultsTranscatheter pmVSD closure was successfully performed in 129 cases (97%) using 13 different devices. There were two new onset severe aortic regurgitation (AR) (1.5%), one new onset severe tricuspid regurgitation (0.7%), and one CHB (0.7%). Immediately after procedure, 41 patients (30.8%) had mild to moderate residual shunt and 27 patients (20.8%) had trivial to mild AR. At 1 year, there was no CHB and 10 patients (9.6%) had tiny to mild residual shunt and 10 patients (9.6%) had trivial AR.ConclusionWith proper case selection, good expertise, and judicious use of various devices with respect to anatomic details of pmVSD, transcatheter closure is feasible with satisfactory early outcome.