bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic factors for maximally or optimally cytoreduced stage III nonserous epithelial ovarian carcinoma treated with carboplatin/paclitaxel chemotherapy
Authors: Cuylan Zeliha F. , Meydanli Mehmet M. , Sari Mustafa E. , Akbayir Ozgur , Celik Husnu , Dede Murat , Sahin Hanifi , Gungorduk Kemal , Kuscu Esra , Ozgul Nejat , Gungor Tayfun , Ayhan Ali 
Published: May 2018

AbstractObjectiveTo identify factors predictive of poor prognosis in women with stage III nonserous epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) who had undergone maximal or optimal primary cytoreductive surgery (CRS) followed by six cycles of intravenous carboplatin/paclitaxel chemotherapy.MethodsA multicenter, retrospective department database review was performed to identify patients with stage III nonserous EOC who had undergone maximal or optimal primary CRS followed by six cycles of carboplatin/paclitaxel chemotherapy at seven gynecological oncology centers in Turkey. Demographic, clinicopathological and survival data were collected.ResultsA total of 218 women met the inclusion criteria. Of these, 64 (29.4%) patients had endometrioid, 61 (28%) had mucinous, 54 (24.8%) had clear‐cell and 39 (17.9%) had mixed epithelial tumors. Fifty‐five (25.2%) patients underwent maximal CRS, whereas 163 (74.8%) had optimal debulking. With a median follow‐up of 31.5 months, the 5‐year progression‐free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) rates were 34.8% and 44.2%, respectively. Bilaterality (hazard ratio [HR] 1.44, 95% CI 1.01–2.056; P = 0.04), age (HR 2.25, 95% CI 1.176–4.323; P = 0.014) and maximal cytoreduction (HR 0.34, 95% CI 0.202–0.58; P < 0.001) were found to be independent prognostic factors for PFS. However, age (HR 2.6, 95% CI 1.215–5.591; P = 0.014) and maximal cytoreduction (HR 0.31, 95% CI 0.166–0.615; P < 0.001) were defined as independent prognostic factors for OS.ConclusionThe extent of CRS seems to be the only modifiable prognostic factor associated with stage III nonserous EOC. Complete cytoreduction to no gross residual disease should be the main goal of management in these women.
Noninvasive PK11195‐PET Image Analysis Techniques Can Detect Abnormal Cerebral Microglial Activation in Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Kang Yeona , Mozley P. David , Verma Ajay , Schlyer David , Henchcliffe Claire , Gauthier Susan A. , Chiao Ping C. , He Bin , Nikolopoulou Anastasia , Logan Jean , Sullivan Jenna M. , Pryor Kane O. , Hesterman Jacob , Kothari Paresh J. , Vallabhajosula Shankar 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACTBACKGROUND AND PURPOSENeuroinflammation has been implicated in the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease (PD), which might be influenced by successful neuroprotective drugs. The uptake of [11C](R)‐PK11195 (PK) is often considered to be a proxy for neuroinflammation, and can be quantified using the Logan graphical method with an image‐derived blood input function, or the Logan reference tissue model using automated reference region extraction. The purposes of this study were (1) to assess whether these noninvasive image analysis methods can discriminate between patients with PD and healthy volunteers (HVs), and (2) to establish the effect size that would be required to distinguish true drug‐induced changes from system variance in longitudinal trials.METHODSThe sample consisted of 20 participants with PD and 19 HVs. Two independent teams analyzed the data to compare the volume of distribution calculated using image‐derived input functions (IDIFs), and binding potentials calculated using the Logan reference region model.RESULTSWith all methods, the higher signal‐to‐background in patients resulted in lower variability and better repeatability than in controls. We were able to use noninvasive techniques showing significantly increased uptake of PK in multiple brain regions of participants with PD compared to HVs.CONCLUSIONAlthough not necessarily reflecting absolute values, these noninvasive image analysis methods can discriminate between PD patients and HVs. We see a difference of 24% in the substantia nigra between PD and HV with a repeatability coefficient of 13%, showing that it will be possible to estimate responses in longitudinal, within subject trials of novel neuroprotective drugs.
Black Reltrad: Measuring Religious Diversity and Commonality Among African Americans
Authors: Shelton Jason E. , Cobb Ryon J. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe Black Church has remained an important topic of scholarly interest for more than a century, but less attention has been devoted to the consequences of contrasting denominational affiliations within the African‐American Protestant religious tradition. We advance a new coding scheme that allows researchers to measure and test black affiliates across a range of denominations with roots inside and outside of the greater Black Church. Findings from the 1972 to 2014 General Social Surveys indicate that our “Black Reltrad” syntax more meticulously captures similarities and differences among African Americans with respect to religious sensibilities, religious‐related social attitudes, and engagement in black politics than extant coding schemes. Consequently, although the legacy of racial discrimination and inequality binds blacks together, scholars must also recognize differences within the African‐American Protestant religious tradition.
Institutionalized Norms, Practical Organizational Activity, and Loose Coupling: Inclusive Congregations’ Responses to Homosexuality
Authors: Whitehead Andrew L. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractCongregations vary widely in their responses to homosexuality. Among those inclusive congregations that integrate gays and lesbians into congregational life, why do some adopt a formal organizational statement of welcoming while others do not? Drawing on the new institutionalism and inhabited institutions literatures, this study is the first quantitative examination of the concept of “loose coupling” within religious organizations regarding homosexuality. Analyses using nationally representative congregational data (National Congregations Study) indicate that particular types of inclusive congregations are more likely to loosely couple their practical activity from their formal organizational stance. These findings suggest that inclusive religious organizations respond to myths and norms from various organizational fields and that agentic actors inhabiting the organization influence it by responding, interpreting, and making sense of those institutional norms. The analyses also indicate that loose coupling is one avenue through which particular types of religious organizations respond to the transformation of societal norms with innovation.
The Positives and Negatives of Higher Education: How the Religious Context in Adolescence Moderates the Effects of Education on Changes in Religiosity
Authors: Schwadel Philip 
Published: May 2018

AbstractAlthough longitudinal research suggests that declines in religiosity associated with higher education vary across religious traditions, it tells us little about variation in the effects of higher education on changes in religiosity more broadly. Higher education may promote increases in religiosity for some, particularly with many Americans now being raised in relatively secular homes. This research note uses multilevel growth curve models and four waves of longitudinal data to examine how the religious context in adolescence moderates the effects of higher education on changes in emerging adult religiosity, regardless of the direction of change. Religious tradition and parent religious service attendance assess the religious context in adolescence, and several religiosity scales and measures of religious behaviors assess dimensions of religiosity. Results show that higher education is particularly likely to lead to religious decline for mainline Protestants and those with religiously active parents, and to increases in religiosity for the religiously unaffiliated and those with parents who infrequently attend religious services. These findings demonstrate how the religious context in adolescence conditions the influence of education, thereby highlighting the variable nature of the influence of higher education on changes in religiosity.
Recognition of, and beliefs about, causes of mental disorders: A cross‐sectional study of US and Chinese undergraduate nursing students
Authors: Liu Wei 
Published: May 2018

AbstractNursing students' beliefs about etiology and manifestation of mental illness will impact on their professional attitudes in future clinical practice. The aims of the present study were to examine and compare US and Chinese undergraduate nursing students' recognition of, and beliefs about, causes of depression and schizophrenia. A total of 310 US (n = 152) and Chinese (n = 158) nursing students completed the Australian National Mental Health Literacy Survey questionnaire between April 2016 and April 2017. Although nursing students in the USA and China were highly accurate in recognizing depression and schizophrenia, the US students were more likely to nominate multiple items alongside the correct diagnosis than the Chinese students. The Chinese students were more likely to view depression and schizophrenia as multi‐causally‐determined mental disorders than the US students. The findings highlight the need for the incorporation of mental health issues, including symptomatology of different mental disorders and their application to patient care, into various aspects of the US nursing curriculum. In China, opportunities can be created for nursing students to discuss the impact of personal beliefs on care delivery and social stigma during clinical placement.
Extensive drought‐associated plant mortality as an agent of type‐conversion in chaparral shrublands
Authors: Jacobsen Anna L. , Pratt R. Brandon 
Published: May 2018

ContentsSummary498I.Introduction498II.Ecological drought and vegetation type‐conversion499III.Chaparral mortality during extreme drought events501IV.Some species survive drought and others do not501V.Recovery potential502VI.Conclusions503Acknowledgements503References503SummaryCalifornia experienced an intense drought from 2012 to 2015, with southern California remaining in drought to the present. Widespread chaparral shrub mortality was observed during the peak of the drought in 2014. Some species were more impacted than others and shallow‐rooted shrub species were the most vulnerable to drought‐associated mortality. This type of drought represents what is termed an ‘ecological drought’ during which an ecosystem is driven beyond thresholds of vulnerability, triggering impairment of ecosystem services and feedbacks that may result in long‐term type‐conversion of natural communities. The ability of shrublands to recover will depend on the timing, intensity and seasonality of future extreme climate events, post‐fire recruitment potential of species with obligate fire‐associated recruitment, and interactions with other stresses.
Social motor coordination during adult–child interactions
Authors: Pfeiffer Rita , Wallace Mark , Lense Miriam 
Published: May 2018

AbstractSocial motor coordination (SMC) pertains to the timing of contingent movements during social interactions and is of high relevance for successful social and musical interactions. Semi‐automated, objective methods are increasingly being used to analyze SMC, though it is unclear if these methods are feasible in naturalistic settings with young children. The purpose of the current preliminary study was to explore SMC in adult–child dyads during semi‐structured social interactions. Thirteen dyads (mean age of children = 36 months) participated in a predictable turn‐taking task from a social communication assessment, and a semi‐automated frame‐difference approach was used to capture movement activity. Relative timing and activity approaches revealed that, while there is some evidence of co‐occurring movement, the dyad predominantly exhibited patterns of responsive movement activity (e.g., turn taking or alternating movement) consistent with the activity's structure. Future work may extend these approaches to social musical interactions in order to examine movement coordination and prosocial behavior during joint music‐making activities with young children.
Changes in the parameters of ventricular repolarization during preapnea, apnea, and postapnea periods in patients with obstructive sleep apnea
Authors: Sökmen Erdoğan , Özbek Sinan Cemgil , Çelik Mustafa , Sivri Serkan , Metin Mehmet , Avcu Mustafa 
Published: May 2018

AbstractBackgroundVentricular arrhythmias are reported to be more common in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Preliminary evidence showed such parameters regarding ventricular repolarization as Tp‐e, Tp‐e/QT, and Tp‐e/QTc may be related with increased cardiac arrhythmias and even sudden cardiac death. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate ventricular repolarization during immediately preapnea period, apnea period, and postapnea hyperventilation period in patients with OSA.MethodsA total of 59 patients who underwent polysomnography and were diagnosed with OSA between the years 2016–2017 in our hospital were included in our study. Of 59 patients (mean age: 52.51 ± 9.66), 28 were male and 31 were female. In all patients, Tp‐e interval, Tp‐e/QT ratio, and Tp‐e/QTc ratio, together with some other parameters, were calculated. Categorical variables were expressed as proportion and continuous variables were expressed as mean ± standard deviation. Electrocardiogram calculations of interest were compared through preapnea, apnea, and postapnea periods using Friedman's test.ResultsTp‐e interval (85.6 ms [78.3–95.6], 98 ms [88.5–107.7], 91.2 ms [81–98.8], respectively; P < 0.001), Tp‐e/QT ratio (0.219 [0.202–0.237], 0.242 [0.224–0.269], 0.233 [0.212–0.246], respectively; P < 0.001), and Tp‐e/QTc ratio (0.210 [0.190–0.222], 0.233 [0.209–0.247], 0.212 [0.193–0.229], respectively; P < 0.001) were significantly increased during apnea period compared to the preapnea period and significantly decreased during postapnea hyperventilation period compared to the apnea period.ConclusionTp‐e interval, Tp‐e/QT ratio, and Tp‐e/QTc ratio were shown to be increased during apnea period and decreased during postapnea hyperventilation period. Our findings may help explain cardiac arrhythmias and sudden death in OSA patients.
A prospective evaluation of oral Yunnan Baiyao therapy on thromboleastographic parameters in apparently healthy dogs
Authors: Tansey Colleen , Wiebe Melissa L. , Hybki Gabrielle C. , Patlogar Jeffrey E. , Murphy Lisa A. , Bianco Domenico , Nakamura Reid K. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the effect of Yunnan Baiyao (YB) on hemostatic parameters measured by thromboelastography (TEG) in healthy dogs administered 1 capsule of YB orally twice daily for 1 week.DesignProspective study of client‐owned dogs at a small animal specialty hospital.SettingPrivate referral center.AnimalsEighteen client‐owned adult dogs weighing at least 15 kg.InterventionsDogs had a baseline TEG performed and then each dog was administered 1 capsule of YB twice daily by mouth for 1 week and the TEG was reevaluated. Any side effects attributed to YB were noted at this time.Measurements and Main ResultsAll 18 enrolled dogs completed the study. Dogs that received 1 capsule (250 mg/capsule) of YB orally twice daily had significantly increased G as well as A30 and A60 values. There was also a significantly decreased LY30 and LY60 values after 1 week. The YB appeared well tolerated as only one dog developed mild diarrhea.ConclusionsThe results of this study suggest that YB at 1 capsule orally twice daily in healthy medium to large breed dogs increases the strength of the clot as measured by TEG and that YB was apparently well tolerated in the study population reported here. Larger prospective studies in different disease states are warranted to further evaluate these preliminary findings.
Incidence of hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis in dogs and cats with and without nasogastric tubes over a period of up to 36 hours in the intensive care unit
Authors: Chih Annie , Rudloff Elke , Waldner Cheryl , Linklater Andrew K. J. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the incidence of hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis (HCMA) in dogs and cats in the ICU that had intermittent nasogastric tube (NGT) aspiration for up to 36 hours.DesignProspective cohort study (December 2013 to October 2014).SettingPrivately owned emergency and referral teaching hospital.AnimalsForty‐nine client‐owned dogs and 16 client‐owned cats.InterventionsPatients wherein NGT placement was recommended and client consent was obtained were included in the interventional group. Those with an NGT placed (NGT group) had the NGT aspirated every 4 hours. Patients for whom placement of a NGT was declined by the owner served as a reference group (NoNGT). Venous blood gas and electrolyte values were obtained every 12 hours.Measurements and Main ResultsThirty‐five dogs and cats had an NGT placed. Thirty dogs and cats did not have an NGT placed. The serum venous blood gas and electrolyte changes were compared over time within the NGT group and between the NGT and NoNGT groups. No cases developed HCMA. In the NGT group, blood pH increased over time. There was no significant difference between the NGT and the NoNGT group in the average value of pH, HCO3−, base excess, chloride, or corrected chloride. Serum venous blood gas, chloride, and corrected chloride changes were not associated with the volumes of gastric fluid aspirated over time.ConclusionsIn this small population of dogs and cats, intermittent NGT aspiration was not associated with the development of HCMA over a period of up to 36 hours after NGT placement.
Dogs with acute myeloid leukemia or lymphoid neoplasms (large cell lymphoma or acute lymphoblastic leukemia) may have indistinguishable mediastinal masses on radiographs
Authors: Epperly Erin , Hume Kelly R. , Moirano Steven , Stokol Tracy , Intile Joanne , Erb Hollis N. , Scrivani Peter V. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractAcute myeloid leukemia is an uncommon hematopoietic neoplasm of dogs that should be differentiated from lymphoid neoplasms, such as lymphoma, because of different treatment protocols and a worse prognosis. Thoracic radiography is performed frequently in dogs with suspected hematopoietic neoplasia, and detecting a mediastinal mass often prioritizes lymphoma as the most likely diagnosis. However, we have observed a mediastinal mass in several dogs with acute myeloid leukemia and hypothesized that (1) the frequency of a mediastinal mass was higher and (2) the size of the mass was larger in dogs with acute myeloid leukemia compared to dogs with lymphoid neoplasms. In this analytical study (observational, retrospective, and cross‐sectional), the sample population included 238 dogs with hematopoietic neoplasia. These dogs were divided into lymphoid (large cell lymphoma, acute lymphoblastic leukemia) and myeloid groups based on standard phenotyping tests. A mediastinal mass was detected during thoracic radiography in 73/218 (33%) and nine of 20 (45%) dogs in the lymphoid and myeloid groups (P = 0.21), respectively. The median size ratio of mediastinal mass to cardiac silhouette was 0.20 and 0.23 in the lymphoid and myeloid groups (P = 0.96), respectively. Additionally, we observed normal thoracic radiographs in 111/218 (51%) dogs in the lymphoid group and nine of 20 (45%) dogs in the myeloid group. In conclusion, acute myeloid leukemia should be considered when a mediastinal mass is detected during radiography in dogs with suspected hematopoietic neoplasia—but the presence or size of a mediastinal mass does not differentiate between myeloid and lymphoid neoplasms.
Alterations in the muscle force transfer apparatus in aged rats during unloading and reloading: impact of microRNA‐31
Authors: Hughes David C. , Marcotte George R. , Baehr Leslie M. , West Daniel W. D. , Marshall Andrea G. , Ebert Scott M. , Davidyan Arik , Adams Christopher M. , Bodine Sue C. , Baar Keith 
Published: May 2018

Key points
Force transfer is integral for maintaining skeletal muscle structure and function. One important component is dystrophin. There is limited understanding of how force transfer is impacted by age and loading.
Here, we investigate the force transfer apparatus in muscles of adult and old rats exposed to periods of disuse and reloading.
Our results demonstrate an increase in dystrophin protein during the reloading phase in the adult tibialis anterior muscle that is delayed in the old muscle. The consequence of this delay is an increased susceptibility towards contraction‐induced muscle injury.
Central to the lack of dystrophin protein is an increase in miR‐31, a microRNA that inhibits dystrophin translation. In vivo electroporation with a miR‐31 sponge led to increased dystrophin protein and decreased contraction‐induced muscle injury in old skeletal muscle.
Overall, our results detail the importance of the force transfer apparatus and provide new mechanisms for contraction‐induced injury in ageing skeletal muscle.
AbstractIn healthy muscle, the dystrophin‐associated glycoprotein complex (DGC), the integrin/focal adhesion complex, intermediate filaments and Z‐line proteins transmit force from the contractile proteins to the extracellular matrix. How loading and age affect these proteins is poorly understood. The experiments reported here sought to determine the effect of ageing on the force transfer apparatus following muscle unloading and reloading. Adult (9 months) and old (28 months) rats were subjected to 14 days of hindlimb unloading and 1, 3, 7 and 14 days of reloading. The DGC complex, intermediate filament and Z‐line protein and mRNA levels, as well as dystrophin‐targeting miRNAs (miR‐31, ‐146b and ‐374) were examined in the tibialis anterior (TA) and medial gastrocnemius muscles at both ages. There was a significant increase in dystrophin protein levels (2.79‐fold) upon 3 days of reloading in the adult TA muscle that did not occur in the old rats (P ≤ 0.05), and the rise in dystrophin protein occurred independent of dystrophin mRNA. The disconnect between dystrophin protein and mRNA levels can partially be explained by age‐dependent differences in miR‐31. The impaired dystrophin response in aged muscle was followed by an increase in other force transfer proteins (β‐dystroglycan, desmuslin and LIM) that was not sufficient to prevent membrane disruption and muscle injury early in the reloading period. Inserting a miR‐31 sponge increased dystrophin protein and decreased contraction‐induced injury in the TA (P ≤ 0.05). Collectively, these data suggest that increased miR‐31 with age contributes to an impaired dystrophin response and increased muscle injury after disuse.