bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Management of Velopharyngeal Impairment in Adults With Dysarthria: A Systematic Review
Authors: Spencer Kristie A. , Eddy Brandon , Papathanasiou Ilias , Summers Dale , Britton Deanna 
Published: December 2024

Purpose:
Velopharyngeal impairment (VPI) is a common manifestation of dysarthria, yet there is uncertainty regarding the evidence for treatment options. The aim of this systematic review was to identify and evaluate published intervention studies of VPI and to update the original Practice Guidelines for VPI, as part of the Dysarthria Writing Group of the Evidence-Based Clinical Research Committee of the Academy of Neurologic Communication Disorders and Sciences.

Method:
Four electronic databases were searched for articles published through September 2022 in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses standards. Multiple indices of methodological quality and risk of bias were used to evaluate studies.

Results:

The search yielded 1,347 articles, of which 31 met inclusion criteria and were reviewed by two blinded co-investigators and a third consensus reviewer. Therapeutic approaches centered on prosthetic treatment (
n
= 13), prosthetic treatment combined with another form of therapy (
n
= 7), and behavioral exercise (
n
= 7), with four additional studies reporting unconventional approaches (e.g., use of medication). No single treatment approach garnered strong evidence. However, converging moderate evidence suggests positive treatment outcomes for prosthetic approaches for moderate–severe speakers with flaccid/spastic dysarthria and behavioral treatment approaches for speakers spanning a range of nonprogressive dysarthrias.

Conclusions:
There is a critical need for well-controlled treatment studies of VPI that incorporate comprehensive and systematic description of baseline speech function, treatment protocols, and operationally defined outcome measures, particularly related to social validity and participation goals. Suggestions for how clinicians can apply extant research findings to practice are provided.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.27655566
Bridging the Gap: Insights From Telepractice Augmentative and Alternative Communication Services in the Digital Age
Authors: Hurtig Richard R. , Blackstone Sarah W. , Goldman Amy S. 
Published: December 2024

Purpose:
The United States Society for Augmentative and Alternative Communication and the Patient-Provider Communication Network sought to quantify the impact of utilization of and access to telepractice for the provision of augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) services. The purpose of this article is to summarize findings from two surveys that explored the kinds of AAC services delivered remotely, barriers to AAC addressed through telepractice, and impact of the availability of remote AAC services on people with communication disabilities and their caregivers.

Method:
The study team developed two online surveys: (a) for speech-language pathologists (SLPs) and (b) for individual AAC clients (or family members in the case of pediatric clients).

Results:
Survey responses were obtained from 66 SLPs and 90 AAC clients/family members. Access to telepractice allowed clients/family members to overcome both access and financial barriers. Respondents indicated that the availability of AAC telepractice services reduced transportation barriers, increased access to services by appropriately trained clinicians, and improved the outcomes for individuals needing AAC.

Conclusions:
Telepractice has made it possible for individuals with significant medical challenges, as well as those residing in areas lacking qualified providers, to receive services. Given that both clinicians and clients/families indicated that travel to receive services posed a significant barrier to access medically necessary treatment, the anticipated December 2024 end of Centers for Medicaid and Medicare Services' authorization of reimbursement for telepractice services will be detrimental to many needing AAC services.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.27885447
Optimal coordination of directional overcurrent relays: A fast and precise quadratically constrained quadratic programming solution methodology
Authors: Poursaeed Amir Hossein , Doostizadeh Meysam , Hossein Beigi Fard Sina , Baharvand Amir Hossein , Namdari Farhad 
Published: December 2024

AbstractNowadays, power system protection is increasingly important because of the growing number of customers and the pressing need for timely fault resolution and relay operations. This paper addresses the non‐linear nature of the objective function in the optimal coordination of directional overcurrent relays (DOCRs) by employing a quadratic Taylor series expansion around an operating point, converting the problem into a quadratically constrained quadratic programming problem, ensuring a global optimal solution with increased computational efficiency. Additionally, the quadratic constraints are converted into second‐order cone constraints for compatibility with the CPLEX solver. Using the least square method, the operating point values are determined and further fine‐tuned using iterations with the DOCR operation times. The IEEE 3‐bus, IEEE 8‐bus, and IEEE 14‐bus test systems are used to test the method, which shows higher improvement rates in reducing DOCR operation times and enhancing cooperation than conventional and metaheuristic methods. The simulation results verify the numerical superiority of the method in optimizing the protection system's efficiency while obtaining rapid and accurate solutions. The proposed method was tested on IEEE 3‐bus, 8‐bus, and 14‐bus systems, optimizing relay operating times to 0.87, 2.96, and 7.05 s, respectively, demonstrating the method's efficiency over conventional approaches.
An adaptive assessment method of power system transient stability considering PMU data loss
Authors: Ma Binyu , Yang Jun , Peng Xiaotao , Jiang Kezheng , Liu Dan , Cao Kan 
Published: December 2024

AbstractTransient stability assessment (TSA) plays an important role in ensuring the reliable operation of power systems. With the popularity of phasor measurement units (PMUs), data‐driven TSA methods have been widely concerned. However, the performance of TSA model may deteriorate when data loss occurs due to PMU failure. This paper proposes an adaptive assessment method for transient stability of power systems considering PMU data loss. First, considering the importance of temporal features, a collection of PMU clusters is constructed to minimize the failure risk and maintain full observability of the whole buses of the grid. Secondly, a weighted integrated assessment model based on PMU clusters is constructed by using an improved eXplainable Convolutional neural network for Multivariate time series classification (XCM) as a TSA classifier. The model can make full use of time series information to carry out adaptive TSA and maintain the robustness of the assessment performance even when PMU failure occurs. Finally, it is verified in a modified IEEE 39‐bus system with wind power and solar power. The effect of the proposed method shows high accuracy and strong anti‐noise interference ability in case of data loss.
Development of an enhanced base unit generation framework for predicting demand in free‐floating micro‐mobility
Authors: Lee Dohyun , Kim Kyoungok 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAccurate demand forecasting has become increasingly necessary in the burgeoning field of free‐floating micro‐mobility systems. However, for model training, the service area must be divided into specific areal units, which often involves grid‐based methods. Although these methods are feasible and provide a uniform area division, they are highly susceptible to the Modifiable Areal Unit Problem (MAUP), which is a critical issue in spatial data analysis. Although MAUP can adversely affect predictive model learning, studies addressing this issue are scarce. Therefore, a novel base areal unit generation algorithm is proposed that employs a clustering approach to enhance the prediction accuracy in free‐floating micro‐mobility system demand. The method identifies suitable base areal units by merging smaller ones while considering the similarities in temporal usage patterns and distances between different areas, mitigating the impact of MAUP during model learning. The approach was evaluated using shared e‐scooter data from two cities, Kansas City and Minneapolis, and it was compared to the traditional grid method. The findings indicate that the proposed framework generally improves prediction performance within the newly defined areal units.
A high effectiveness impact‐optimized piezoelectric energy harvesting interface system
Authors: Shoorabi Sani Saman 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis paper presents a novel high‐performance impact‐optimized interface system for an impact‐driven piezoelectric energy harvester (PEH) which utilizes two independent parallel harvesting plans, that is, low‐efficiency self‐powered passive path and high‐efficiency active maximum power point tracking (MPPT)‐based path, for different situations based on the characteristics of the input excitation and stored energy content which are evaluated by the mode detection unit. It uses a synchronous electrical charge extraction‐based self‐powered passive circuit as a primary energy extraction strategy. Thus, the proposed structure is self‐sustained with cold start capability. When the determined prerequisites are met, the system switches to the secondary energy extraction strategy, that is, high‐efficiency MPPT‐based path, in which during the maximum power point sensing phase, the PEH is sensed without disconnecting it from the interface and during the maximum power point setting phase, a bidirectional DC/DC converter performs a fully bidirectional energy transfer, increasing the extraction efficiency. The proposed system is designed and simulated using standard 180 nm complementary metal‐oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology. Post‐layout simulation results show that when the input energy content is around 50 µJ, the FoMMOPIR, periodic harvesting efficiency, shock harvesting efficiency, MPPT efficiency, and effectiveness of the proposed system are 505%, 65%, 80%, 70%, and 56%, respectively.
Quantum anonymous one vote veto protocol based on entanglement swapping
Authors: Wang Yanmeng , Jiang Min , Wei Yuzhen , Zhao Wenhao 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAs a special voting method, one‐vote veto voting also has a wide range of applications. A veto means that when the voting council puts forward a proposal, it cannot pass unless all the voters agree to it. If there is a no vote, the proposal will be rejected, but no one will know how anyone else votes. In most existing quantum anonymous one‐vote veto voting protocols, an absolutely honest third party is generally required to assist the voting. However, it is difficult to find a fully trusted third party in reality. In addition, the existing quantum anonymous one‐vote veto protocol does not consider the attack from the insider voters. Therefore, based on the characteristics of entanglement swapping between the Cat state and Bell state, the authors propose a new quantum anonymous one‐vote veto protocol, which can not only calculate the voting result quickly and effectively but also demonstrate higher security.
A novel approach to simulate moving targets in automotive radar applications
Authors: Zhang Linyan , Xu Chengfa , Jiang Haiqing , Zhang Wulong 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIn the field of automotive radar testing, radar target simulators (RTS) based on fibre delay technology are limited by production processes, typically achieving distance steps of only 1 cm. Meanwhile, simulators utilising digital DRFM (Digital Radio Frequency Memory) technology face similar constraints, with a minimum distance step size of 3 cm, dictated by the ADC sampling rate (corresponding to a sampling rate of 5 GHz). In both types of simulators, abrupt changes in target distance result in phase discontinuities due to the step size being greater than the wavelength, ultimately distorting the target velocity spectrum. This paper proposes a phase compensation method based on instantaneous frequency measurement for a digital DRFM simulator, which ensures the continuity of the phase in the RTS output signal, achieving an ideal simulation of the target velocity spectrum. Additionally, it enables millimetre‐level distance stepping.
Strategic Management of Anterior Skull Base Schwannomas and Their Outcomes
Authors: Chithambaram Kalyana Sundaram , Keshri Amit , Manogaran Ravi Sankar , Bhuskute Govind , Muraleedharan Manjul , Hameed Nazrin , Aqib Mohd , Das Nidhin , Sinha Mohit 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Objective Endoscopic endonasal approach has revolutionized the surgery of benign nose and paranasal sinus tumors. In this study we describe our experience with this approach for schwannomas of anterior skull base which are extremely rare, vascular tumors of this region. We also discuss the strategic management and their outcomes to enlighten the existing literature.
Design Ambispective study.
Setting and Participants A total of eight cases of anterior skull base schwannoma were included. These cases were operated between 2018 and 2023 at a tertiary institute. Institutional ethical committee approval was obtained.
Main Outcomes Measured Medical records were obtained, and perioperative details (intraoperative findings, imaging findings, complications) were noted. Postoperative follow-up was done to note the outcomes of the patient.
Results There were five male and three female patients. All patients were between 20 and 40 years of age. All patients underwent contrast CT as well as MRI preoperatively. Most common symptoms in our series were nasal obstruction and intermittent epistaxis. The various sites involved were ethmoid labyrinth, maxillary sinus, septum, and olfactory fossa. All the cases were operated endoscopically.
Conclusion Endoscopic approach can be utilized in almost all cases of benign anterior skull base tumors with superior postoperative outcomes. Although there is a steep learning curve, use of subtle modifications of this technique help achieve better results. At the same time, it is imperative to understand that the surgeon should also be well versed with open approaches to help navigate difficult cases.
On-site ERCP availability and cholangitis outcomes: Retrospective cohort study
Authors: Khan Rishad , Marchena-Romero Kayley-Jasmin , Ismail Marwa F. , Roberts Surain B. , Gimpaya Nikko , Scaffidi Michael A. , Sabrie Nasruddin , Khalaf Kareem , Mosko Jeffrey , James Paul , Forbes Nauzer , Razak Fahad , Verma Amol A. , Grover Samir C. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractEndoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is important in acute cholangitis (AC) management but is not available at all hospitals. The association between on-site ERCP availability and cholangitis outcomes is unknown.We included adults diagnosed with AC at 27 hospitals in Ontario through the GEMINI network. We collected data on demographics, clinical and laboratory values, and interventions. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. Secondary outcomes were length of stay, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, readmission rates, and requirement for percutaneous or surgical decompression. We used multivariable regression analyses to assess the impact of on-site ERCP availability on the primary and secondary outcomes with adjustment for relevant variables.Our cohort included 4492 patients with a median age of 75. Patients at ERCP sites had higher unadjusted rates of undergoing ERCP (55.7% at ERCP sites, 40.8% at non-ERCP sites). Patients at ERCP sites compared with non-ERCP sites did not have significantly different in-hospital mortality (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 2.19, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.86–5.55). Compared with non-ERCP sites, patients at ERCP sites with underlying stricturing biliary disease or pancreaticobiliary malignancy (aOR = 1.94, 95% CI = 1.14–13.58) or severe cholangitis (aOR = 2.17, 95% CI = 1.17–4.02) had higher odds of in-hospital mortality. In a post-hoc propensity score-based analysis, there was no significant difference between patients at ERCP sites compared with those at non-ERCP sites for in-hospital mortality.Patients at ERCP sites compared with non-ERCP sites did not have significantly different mortality. Subgroups of patients with underlying stricturing biliary disease or pancreaticobiliary malignancy and severe cholangitis, who have higher mortality at ERCP sites, warrant further study.
Hamartomas and Choristomas of the Oral Cavity: A New Perspective
Authors: Alkhames Hussain M. , Subramanyam R. Venkata 
Published: December 2024

AbstractHamartomas and choristomas are malformations that often manifest at birth, usually seen as a discrete, localized mass or as multiple masses that resemble a neoplasm, but not a true neoplasm with the exception in choristomas that the cells and tissues are not normally found at that location. Clear etiology and pathogenesis are not found. In addition, the distinguishing features of these masses are not certain. It is essential to differentiate between hamartomas, choristomas, and other oral cavity masses in order to provide proper management. In this study, a new perspective is provided for hamartomas and choristomas of the oral cavity.
What Is the Suitable Wide Cage Size for Stand-alone LLIF in Asian Population: A Computed Tomography Scan–Based Study of a Dimension of Lumbar Endplate
Authors: Pluemvitayaporn Tinnakorn , Tadee Sahapap , Kunakornsawat Sombat , Surapuchong Suttinont , Ratanakoosakul Warot , Tiracharnvut Kijapat , Pruttikul Pritsanai , Piyasakulkaew Chaiwat , Kittithamvongs Piyabuth 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Objective The objective of this study is to establish a precise database detailing the width of vertebral endplates, the depth of vertebral endplates (anterior–posterior [A-P] width), and the height of intervertebral discs within the lumbar spine of the Asian population.
Materials and Methods The stand-alone lateral lumbar interbody fusion (LLIF) procedure is increasingly popular for minimally invasive spine surgery and has demonstrated effectiveness in treating various spinal pathologies. Previous studies have indicated that the use of a 26-mm wide cage in stand-alone LLIF can significantly decrease the incidence of cage subsidence. However, most of these studies were conducted on the Caucasian population, which has a larger anatomical structure compared with the Asian population. Consequently, the appropriate wide cage size suitable for stand-alone LLIF in the Asian population has not been previously explored. Ninety-one computed tomography (CT) images were obtained from patients who presented with back pain and had negative imaging results between 2017 and 2021. These images were analyzed using the Picture Archiving Communication System to assess the vertebral body's topography. The analysis involved measuring the vertebral endplate width, vertebral endplate depth (A-P width), and intervertebral disc height.
Results The findings of this study reveal that there is a noticeable increase in the overall width, depth, and intervertebral disc height of the lumbar vertebrae from the upper to the lower regions. Additionally, the morphometric attributes of the lumbar vertebrae observed in this study closely resemble those of Caucasian subjects.
Conclusion The morphometric measurements of the lumbar vertebrae in the Asian population closely resemble those of Caucasian subjects. As a result, it is suggested that a 26-mm wide cage may be a suitable option for stand-alone LLIF in the Asian population.
Pedicle Morphology Analysis in Adolescents with Lenke Type 5 Idiopathic Scoliosis in Thai Population
Authors: Pluemvitayaporn Tinnakorn , Kaewmano Tassana , Kunakornsawat Sombat , Surapuchong Suttinont , Ratanakoosakul Warot , Tiracharnvut Kitjapat , Pruttikul Pritsanai , Piyasakulkaew Chaiwat , Kittithamvongs Piyabuth 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background The surgical management of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) often incorporates the utilization of pedicle screws, which are three-column construct devices. A comprehensive understanding of the pedicle morphology is essential for determining the appropriate pedicle screw diameter. While previous studies have examined pedicle morphology in Lenke type 1 AIS, there is a scarcity of information about the pedicle morphology in Lenke type 5 AIS, especially in the Thai population.
Objective The aim of this study is to analyze the morphology of the thoracolumbar pedicle, specifically the pedicle width and trajectory length on both the concave and convex sides within a sample of the Thai population diagnosed with Lenke type 5 AIS.
Materials and Methods In this study, we used computed tomography (CT) measurements to examine the thoracolumbar pedicle morphology in Lenke type 5 AIS patients in the Thai population. We also analyzed the pedicle width and trajectory length on both concave and convex sides in 112 AIS patients with Lenke type 5 curvature.
Results A total of 3,808 pedicles from 112 consecutive AIS patients of Lenke type 5 were enrolled in the study. It was observed that the transverse pedicle width was notably smaller on the concave side compared with the convex side in the apical region of the thoracolumbar spine (T12 to L2). Additionally, the pedicle width of T3 was also found to be significantly smaller on the concave side. Moreover, it was noted that the pedicle trajectory length is significantly longer on the concave side, indicating that the concave side in the apical region may have the capacity to accommodate a slightly longer pedicle screw at T3, T6, L2, L3, and L4.
Conclusion Our analysis of measurements indicates that the thoracolumbar pedicle morphology in Lenke type 5 AIS among the Thai population typically shows smaller widths and longer trajectory lengths on the concave side. This information enhances our understanding of the appropriate selection of pedicle screw diameter and length for treating Lenke type 5 AIS in the Thai population.
“Stay safe!” — A wish, advice, or an order?
Authors: Ogiermann Eva 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This paper offers a diachronic analysis focussing on the different uses and forms that the expression stay
safe acquired throughout the Covid-19 pandemic. It makes an original contribution to the study of historical
pragmatics by drawing on data traditionally examined in the field of linguistic landscape studies and produced during a global
health crisis, resulting in an innovative, real-time study of pragmatic change in progress.
Drawing on a corpus of 3,032 public signs photographed in London between March 2020 and December 2021, the paper
shows how the expression stay safe was used as a wish and a parting formula in the early stages of the pandemic,
and then reverted to a directive function on signs implementing containment measures, illustrating a trend opposed to that
typically found in historical pragmatics. It also discusses the variability characterising the data, and the ambiguity of the
expressions that are analysed, typical of ongoing pragmatic change.