bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Serum antibodies against mimotopes of Merkel cell polyomavirus oncoproteins detected by a novel immunoassay in healthy individuals and Merkel cell carcinoma patients
Authors: Mazziotta Chiara , Badiale Giada , Cervellera Christian Felice , Tonnini Giulia , Oimo Milena , Touzé Antoine , Arnold Françoise , Zanussi Stefania , Schioppa Ornella , Fanetti Giuseppe , Tognon Mauro , Martini Fernanda , Rotondo John Charles 
Published: October 2024

AbstractMerkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) is the foremost causative factor of Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC), a rare yet highly aggressive skin cancer. Although the evaluation of circulating IgG antibodies against Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) LT/sT oncoproteins is clinically useful for MCC diagnosis/prognosis, a limited number of assays for identifying such antibodies have been developed. Herein, a novel indirect immunoassay with synthetic epitopes/mimotopes of MCPyV oncoproteins was computationally designed and experimentally validated on control sera and sera from healthy individuals and MCC patients. Upon computational design of five synthetic peptides, the performance of the immunoassay in detecting anti‐oncoprotein IgGs in MCPyV‐positive and ‐negative control sera was evaluated. The immunoassay was afterwards extended on sera from healthy individuals, and, for longitudinal analysis, MCC patients. Performance properties such as sensitivity and specificity and positive/negative predictive values were adequate. Receiver‐operating characteristic (ROC) curves indicated that the areas under the curves (AUCs) were within the low/moderately accurate ranges. Immunoassay was repeatable, reproducible and accurate. As expected, the serum anti‐oncoprotein IgG prevalence in healthy individuals was low (2%–5%). Anti‐oncoprotein IgGs slightly increased when MCC patients experienced partial tumour remission and/or stable disease, compared to baseline. Our data indicate that the newly developed immunoassay is reliable for detecting circulating anti‐oncoprotein IgGs both in healthy individuals and MCC patients.
Early resilience and epigenetic ageing: Results from the prospective Young Finns Study with a 31‐year follow‐up
Authors: Saarinen Aino , Marttila Saara , Mishra Pashupati P. , Lyytikäinen Leo‐Pekka , Hamal Mishra Binisha , Raitoharju Emma , Mononen Nina , Kähönen Mika , Raitakari Olli , Lehtimäki Terho , Keltikangas‐Järvinen Liisa 
Published: October 2024

AbstractEvidence is accumulating on the connection of early adversities and harsh family environment with epigenetic ageing. We investigated whether early psychosocial resilience is associated with epigenetic ageing in adulthood. We used the population‐based Young Finns data (n = 1593). Early psychosocial resilience was assessed in 1980–1989 across five broad domains: (1) index of psychological strength (self‐esteem at home/in general/at school, perceived possibilities to influence at home, internal life control), (2) index of social satisfaction (perceived support from family/friends and life satisfaction), (3) index of leisure time activities (hobbies and physical fitness), (4) index of responsible health behaviors (infrequent smoking or alcohol consumption), and (5) index of school career (school grades and adaptation). Epigenetic ages were calculated for blood samples from 2011, and the analyses were performed with variables describing age deviation (AgeDevHannum, AgeDevHorvath, AgeDevPheno, AgeDevGrim) and DunedinPACE. Covariates included early family environment, polygenic risk scores for schizophrenia and major depression, adulthood education, and adulthood health behaviors. All of the early resilience indexes were associated with lower levels of epigenetic ageing in adulthood, most consistently with AgeDevGrim and DunedinPACE. The associations of psychological strength and social satisfaction, in particular, seemed to be non‐linear. In a smaller subsample (n = 289), high early resilience was related to lower AgeDevGrim over a 25‐year follow‐up in those who had high “baseline” levels of AgeDevGrim. In conclusion, early resilience seems to associate with lower level of epigenetic ageing in adulthood. Our results tentatively suggest that early resilience may increase “equality in epigenetic ageing” in a general population.
The challenge of designing meaningful performance measures for evaluating the success of conservation translocations
Authors: Cowen S.J. , Richards J.D. , Sims C. , Burbidge A.H. , Friend J.A. , Ottewell K. , Gibson L.A. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractConservation translocation is a valuable management tool for conserving and restoring biodiversity. Conservation managers and researchers strive for translocation success and spend considerable time and energy planning for a positive outcome. However, many translocations fail. Defining what makes a translocation ‘successful’ can be challenging. Criteria for success must be relevant to the objectives of the translocation, should be measurable and have realistic timeframes for achievement. How we evaluate these criteria is highly dependent on our ability to monitor a species effectively, which may be complicated by its behaviour, the release methods used, or the release environment, including sympatric species. Well‐planned, but ultimately ineffective, monitoring strategies may render some criteria difficult or impossible to evaluate. Finally, poorly defined success criteria may result in apparently successful translocations failing to achieve their stated goals, or translocations that meet their success criteria but ultimately fail. Here, we discuss the challenges faced when defining and evaluating the success of a fauna reconstruction program on Dirk Hartog Island in Western Australia. Our achievement of success criteria within prescribed timeframes has been mixed, highlighting ways to better define and measure success. We discuss how we have adapted to new knowledge as the translocations progressed and propose frameworks for defining performance measures and guiding decision‐making in response to failures in achieving success criteria.
Designing fit‐for‐purpose monitoring – A case study of a cryptic songbird
Authors: Stojanovic D. , Young C.M. , Stuart A. , Vine S. , Owens G. , Bussolini L. , Hawkins B. , Alves F. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractMonitoring threatened species is essential for understanding their conservation needs and developing effective recovery strategies. However, designing and implementing monitoring programs can be challenging in resource‐constrained environments, where conservation practitioners must balance the need for detailed information with limited resources. We present a case study focusing on the design of a range‐wide monitoring program for the Endangered rufous scrub‐bird (Atrichornis rufescens) in the mountain forests of eastern Australia. We first developed a ‘wish list’ of monitoring questions and then trialed the methods needed for answering them using sequence of pilot studies. We implemented a phased approach comprising (i) a study of whether individuals could be identified by their songs, (ii) identification of a ‘core range’ using species distribution models to refine the search area, and (iii) a trial of the efficacy of a preferred feasible monitoring approach. We offer a practical pathway for designing question‐driven monitoring programs for threatened species. Our study highlights the importance of clarifying explicit monitoring goals and tailoring methods to suit species' ecological and life history characteristics. By following this systematic approach, conservation efforts can obtain valuable information for effective management, even with limited resources and prevailing uncertainty about species ecology.
Protein Modifications During Early Embryo Development
Authors: Zhang Le , Zhang Yanbing , Sun Hailong 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundInfertility is a global reproductive health burden. Assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs) have been widely used to help patients become pregnant. Few embryos develop to the blastocyst stage with ARTs, leading to relatively low live birth rates. Protein modifications play crucial roles in nearly every aspect of cell biology, including reproductive processes. The aim of this study was to explore the characteristics of protein modifications during embryonic development.MethodsProteomic data from humans and mice were acquired from the integrated proteome resources (iProX) of ProteomeXchange (PXD024267) and a tandem mass tag (TMT)‐mass spectrometry dataset. Gene ontology (GO) analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis were applied for functional annotation. Protein–protein interactions (PPIs) of the modification‐related genes were revealed by the STRING database. Modified proteins during mouse embryogenesis were visualized through heatmaps of hierarchically clustering using k‐means.ResultsWe identified modification‐related proteins in human embryo development and characterized them through heatmaps, GO analysis, KEGG analysis, and PPI network analysis. We found that the 4‐cell stage to the 8‐cell stage might be the demarcation period for modification‐related protein expression patterns during embryo development. Using quantitative mass spectrometry, we elucidated the methylation, acetylation, and ubiquitination events that occur during mouse embryogenesis to validate our findings in human embryonic development to some extent.ConclusionsThe results of our study suggest that the posttranslational modifications (PTMs) of human preimplantation embryos might exhibit the same trends as those in mice to exert synergistic and fine‐tuned regulatory effects during embryonic development.
Reassess Hospital Costs and Mortality Between Myocardial Infarction With and Without ST‐Segment Elevation in a Modern Context
Authors: Ma Honglan , Wu Sen , Cao Jinlong , Cai Tianzhi 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundPatients with ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) may have higher hospitalization costs and poorer prognosis than non‐ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI).MethodsA single‐center retrospective study was conducted on 758 STEMI patients and 386 NSTEMI patients from January 1, 2020 to May 30, 2023 aimed to investigate the differences in cost and mortality.ResultsSTEMI patients had higher maximal troponin I (15,222.5 (27.18, 40,000.00) vs. 2731.5 (10.73, 27,857.25), p < 0.001) and lower left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (56% (53%, 59%) vs. 57% (55%, 59%), p < 0.001) compared to NSTEMI patients. The clinical symptoms were mainly persistent or interrupted chest pain/distress in either STEMI or NSTEMI patients. STEMI patients had a significantly higher risk of combined hypotension than NSTEMI patients (8.97% vs. 3.89%, p = 0.002), and IABP was much more frequently used in the STEMI group with a statistical difference (2.90% vs. 0.52%, p = 0.015). STEMI patients have statistically higher hospitalization costs (RMB, ¥) (31,667 (25,337.79, 39,790) vs. 30,506.91 (21,405.96, 40,233.75), p = 0.006) and longer hospitalization days (10 (8, 11) vs. 9 (8, 11), p = 0.001) compared to NSTEMI patients. Although in‐hospital mortality was higher in STEMI patients, the difference was not statistically significant (3.56% vs. 2.07%, p = 0.167). Multivariable logistic regression was performed and found that systolic blood pressure and NT‐proBNP were risk factors for patient death (OR ≥ 1).ConclusionSTEMI patients are more likely comorbid cardiogenic shock, heart failure complications with higher hospitalization costs and longer hospitalization days. And relatively more use of acute mechanical circulatory support devices such as IABP.Trial RegistrationChiCTR2300077885
Pelvic floor‐related sexual functioning in the first 24 months postpartum: Findings of a large cross‐sectional study
Authors: Hagenbeck Carsten , Kössendrup Jan , Soff Johannes , Thangarajah Fabinshy , Scholten Nadine 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIntroductionThe pelvic floor is exposed to differing stresses and trauma depending on the mode of birth. At the same time, the pelvic floor plays a crucial role in female sexual functioning (FSF). Whereby FSF encompasses different dimensions, from subjective satisfaction to physiological aspects, such as lack of pain and orgasm ability. The aim of the study presented here is to assess FSF in relationship to postpartum pelvic floor disorder based on the Pelvic Organ Prolapse/Urinary Incontinence Sexual Questionnaire, IUGA‐Revised (PISQ‐IR), in a large convenience sample and to identify whether there is an association between mode of birth as well as perineal injuries and FSF of women up to 24 months postpartum.Material and MethodsWe conducted a cross‐sectional online survey and recruited via social media women up to 24 months after birth of their last child. FSF was surveyed using the PISQ‐IR. Details were also collected on all previous births and birth‐related perineal trauma, as well as current breastfeeding, obesity, and socio‐demographics. Multivariate models were then calculated to determine a possible association between FSF and birth mode.ResultsThe data basis is the responses of 2106 survey participants within the first 24 months postpartum. Even 12–24 months postpartum, 21% of respondents are not sexually active, which burdens almost 44% of these women. With regard to mode of delivery, differences in FSF are only evident in individual dimensions of the PISQ‐IR. The dimensions “Condition Impact” and “Condition Specific” were significantly associated with more impairments in sexually active respondents up to 12 months postpartum whose last mode of delivery was forceps or vacuum extraction. If a perineal tear had occurred during last birth, this was significantly associated with a lower PISQ‐IR subscore in the “Condition Impact,” “Condition‐Specific,” “Global Quality,” “Partner‐Related,” and “Arousal” models. The low variance explanation shows that further relevant factors on female sexuality may exist.ConclusionsThe issue of impairments in FSF following childbirth, persisting for an extended period of time, is a significant postpartum concern. Due to the very different dimensions of FSF, the influence of the mode of delivery must be considered in a differentiated way.
The temporal trajectories of habit decay in daily life: An intensive longitudinal study on four health‐risk behaviors
Authors: Edgren Robert , Baretta Dario , Inauen Jennifer 
Published: October 2024

AbstractHabits are cue‐behavior associations learned through repetition that are assumed to be relatively stable. Thereby, unhealthy habits can pose a health risk due to facilitating relapse. In the absence of research on habit decay in daily life, we aimed to investigate how habit decreases over time when trying to degrade a habit and whether this differs by four health‐risk behaviors (sedentary behavior, unhealthy snacking, alcohol consumption, and smoking). This 91‐day intensive longitudinal study included four parallel non‐randomized groups (one per behavior; N = 194). Habit strength was measured daily with the Self‐Report Behavioral Automaticity Index (11,805 observations) and modelled over time with constant, linear, quadratic, cubic, asymptotic, and logistic models. Person‐specific modelling revealed asymptotic and logistic models as the most common best‐fitting models (54% of the sample). The time for habit decay to stabilize ranged from 1 to 65 days. Multilevel modelling indicated substantial between‐person heterogeneity and suggested initial habit strength but not the decay process to vary by behavioral group. Findings suggest that habit decay when trying to degrade a habit typically follows a decelerating negative trend but that it is a highly idiosyncratic process. Recommendations include emphasizing the role of person‐specific modelling and data visualization in habit research.
Neither Employment nor Self‐Employment: Avenues Towards Functional Platform‐Mediated Work Systems
Authors: Maric Sara , Schuessler Elke S. , Thäter Laura 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTDigital labour platforms are contested because they create work relationships that neither fall into the category of traditional employment nor fulfil the criteria of freelance work due to platforms’ heavy interference in the work process. Although existing research has elucidated different pathways for improving the working conditions of platform workers, we develop an employment relations perspective on platform‐mediated work systems building on David Marsden's theory of employment systems. On the basis of an assessment of the psychological, economic and legal contracts underlying platform‐mediated work, we discuss the limited functionality of these contracts in their ability to control opportunism among platforms, workers and clients. Our analysis contributes to existing debates by providing a theoretically informed framework for analysing the design of platform‐mediated work systems and their consequences for the participating parties. Our insights add nuance to the platform regulation debate by going beyond the question of worker classification towards understanding the organizational and institutional elements of the work system that need to be redesigned and supported by appropriate institutional safeguards. An employment systems perspective also allows for reflection on the economic, societal, sectoral and strategic conditions that could drive such changes.
The differences in essential facial areas for impressions between humans and deep learning models: An eye‐tracking and explainable AI approach
Authors: Sano Takanori , Shi Jun , Kawabata Hideaki 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis study explored the facial impressions of attractiveness, dominance and sexual dimorphism using experimental and computational methods. In Study 1, we generated face images with manipulated morphological features using geometric morphometrics. In Study 2, we conducted eye tracking and impression evaluation experiments using these images to examine how facial features influence impression evaluations and explored differences based on the sex of the face images and participants. In Study 3, we employed deep learning methods, specifically using gradient‐weighted class activation mapping (Grad‐CAM), an explainable artificial intelligence (AI) technique, to extract important features for each impression using the face images and impression evaluation results from Studies 1 and 2. The findings revealed that eye‐tracking and deep learning use different features as cues. In the eye‐tracking experiments, attention was focused on features such as the eyes, nose and mouth, whereas the deep learning analysis highlighted broader features, including eyebrows and superciliary arches. The computational approach using explainable AI suggests that the determinants of facial impressions can be extracted independently of visual attention.
Clinical determination of the natural distensibility of the human ureter: initial study
Authors: Ali Sohrab N. , McCormac Amanda , Cumpanas Andrei D. , Altamirano‐Villarroel Jaime , Piedras Paul , Vu Minh‐Chau , Afyouni Andrew S. , Tano Zachary E. , Osann Kathryn , Klopfer Michael , Jiang Pengbo , Patel Roshan M. , Landman Jaime , Clayman Ralph V. 
Published: October 2024

ObjectivesTo define the natural distensibility of the human ureter and evaluate the impact of other possibly favourable factors on ureteric distensibility.Patients and MethodsA total of 101 patients undergoing ureteroscopic stone removal or percutaneous nephrolithotomy underwent ureteric sizing using sequential passage of 37‐cm urethral dilators in 2‐F increments while attached to a unique force sensor. Insertion forces were limited to 6 N. After 6 N was attained, an appropriately sized ureteric access sheath was passed. At the conclusion of each procedure, Post‐Ureteroscopic Lesion Scale score was determined.ResultsUrethral dilators were passed in 61% of patients at ≤14 F; 39% of patients accepted urethral dilators of ≥16 F. The mean dilator size was 14 F. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that preprocedural ureteric stenting and antibiotic use favoured passage of 16‐F dilators (odds ratio [OR] 5.16, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.70–15.62 [P = 0.004] and OR 5.15, 95% CI 1.743–15.243 [P = 0.003], respectively). Neither tamsulosin nor prior urinary tract infection had an impact on ureteric size (OR 0.765, 95% CI 0.281–2.084 [P = 0.601], OR 1.049, 95% CI 0.269–4.089 [P = 0.945], respectively).ConclusionUsing continuous insertion force monitoring and a 6‐N threshold, the majority of unstented adult human ureters within our patient population safely accommodated a 14‐F dilator. Safe passage of a 16‐F dilator at the 6‐N threshold was more likely among patients with a preexisting indwelling ureteric stent or patients who were treated with antibiotics within a week of the procedure.
Children's friendship stability in the United States, China, and Indonesia: Associations with individual attributes and dyadic similarity
Authors: Wei Luhao , Marceau Kristine , Chen Xinyin , Gest Scott , Liu Junsheng , Li Dan , French Doran C. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPredictors of friendship stability from individual attributes and dyadic similarities were assessed using cross‐classified multilevel analyses in this 6‐ to 8‐month longitudinal study of 10‐year‐old US (White, Black, Asian, other; n = 477, 50% girls), Chinese (n = 467, 59% girls), and Indonesian (Sudanese, Javanese, other; n = 419, 45% girls) children with complete participation and reciprocated baseline friendships. Across countries, individual attributes of social preference, popularity, and academic achievement and dyadic social preference similarity positively predicted friendship stability. Dyadic similarity of popularity, academic achievement, and aggression respectively predicted friendship stabilities of US, Chinese, and Indonesian children. Both individual attributes and dyadic similarity predicted friendship stability, with results that varied across countries consistent with attributes' reputational salience.
Drug‐associated glaucoma: A real‐world study based on the Food and Drug Administration adverse event reporting system database
Authors: Wu Shi‐Nan , Chen Xiao‐Dong , Yan Dan , Wang Yu‐Qian , Wang Shao‐Pan , Guan Wen‐Ying , Huang Caihong , Hu Jiaoyue , Liu Zuguo 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundThis study aims to assess the risk of drug‐associated glaucoma and track its epidemiological characteristics using real‐world data.MethodsAdverse event reports from the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) from January 2004 to December 2023 were analysed. Disproportionality analysis and the Bayesian Confidence Propagation Neural Network algorithm were used. The study classified drugs associated with glaucoma, assessed risk levels, and compared drug‐induced times across different categories.ResultsEight hundred and five drugs were linked to glaucoma in the FAERS database. Disproportionality analysis identified 46 drugs with significant risk, mainly adrenergic medications (clobetasol propionate, fluocinolone acetonide), antihypertensives (hydrochlorothiazide), insulin (insulin human), anticholinergics (umeclidinium, darifenacin), VEGF inhibitors (brolucizumab, faricimab), and psychotropics (topiramate, ziprasidone). The top three high‐risk drugs were clobetasol propionate, umeclidinium, and fluocinolone acetonide. The shortest drug‐induced times were observed with indacaterol, salmeterol, and umeclidinium. Anticholinergic medications had the shortest drug‐induced time among all categories. Females (62.5%) and the elderly (average age 63.5 ± 16.8 years) were predominantly affected. Reports of drug‐associated glaucoma increased over the years.ConclusionPreventing drug‐associated glaucoma is more effective than treatment. Identifying the risk and drug‐induced times of systemic and ophthalmic drugs can reduce occurrence risk. Clinical practitioners should be vigilant and inform patients of these risks.