bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improvement of arthroscopic surgical performance using a new wide-angle arthroscope
Authors: Kwak Jae-Man , Kholinne Erica , Koh Kyoung Hwan , Jeon In-Ho 
Published: August 2018

AbstractBackgroundWe have developed a new arthroscope with a field of view of 150°. This requires less motion to maneuver, and the optical error is decreased. It also improves how novices learn arthroscopy. We hypothesized that surgical performance using this arthroscope is superior to a conventional arthroscope. This study tested the hypothesis using motion analysis and a new validated parameter, “dimensionless squared jolt” (DSJ).MethodsWe compared the surgical performance using between the wide-angle and the conventional arthroscope among 14 novice orthopedic residents who performed three standardized tasks three times with each arthroscope. The tasks simulated arthroscopic rotator cuff repair surgical skills. Their motion was analyzed using an optical tracking system. The differences in performance parameters, such as time taken, average acceleration of the hands (m/s2), the number of movements, and the total path length (m) including DSJ between the two arthroscopes, were investigated using paired t-tests.ResultsAll the estimated values for the tasks using the 150° arthroscope were lower than those for the 105° arthroscope. There were statistically significant differences in performance between the two arthroscopes only for DSJ (p = 0.014) and average acceleration (p = 0.039).ConclusionsDSJ and average acceleration are reliable parameters for representing hand-eye coordination. The surgical performance of novice arthroscopists was better with the new wide-angle arthroscope than with the conventional arthroscope.
Acute muscle fatigue and CPR quality assisted by visual feedback devices: a randomizedcrossover simulation trial
Authors: Abelairas-Gómez Cristian , Rey Ezequiel , González-Salvado Violeta , Mecías-Calvo Marcos , Rodríguez-Ruiz Emilio , Rodríguez-Núñez Antonio 
Published: August 2018

AbstractObjectiveTo analyse the acute muscular fatigue (AMF) in triceps brachii and rectus abdominis during compression-only and standard cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) performed by and certified basic life support providers.MethodsTwenty-six subjects were initially recruited and randomly allocated to two study groups according to the muscles analysed; eighteen finally met the inclusion criteria (nine in each group). Both groups carried out two CPR tests (compression-only and standard CPR) of 10 min divided into five 2-min intermittent periods. The ventilation method was freely chosen by each participant (mouth-to-mouth, pocket-mask or bag-valve-mask). CPR feedback was provided all the time. AMF was measured by tensiomyography at baseline and after each 2-min period of the CPR test, in triceps brachii or rectus abdominis according to the study group.ResultsRectus abdominis’ contraction time increased significantly during the fifth CPR period (p = 0.020). Triceps brachii’s radial muscle belly displacement (p = 0.047) and contraction velocity (p = 0.018) were lower during compression-only CPR than during standard CPR. Participants who had trained previously with feedback devices achieved better CPR quality results in both protocols. Half of participants chose bag-valve-mask to perform ventilations but attained lower significant ventilation quality than the other subjects.ConclusionsCompression-only CPR induces higher AMF than standard CPR. Significantly higher fatigue levels were found during the fifth CPR test period, regardless of the method. Adequate rescuer’s strength seems to be a requisite to take advantage of CPR quality feedback devices. Training should put more emphasis on the quality of ventilation during CPR.
Large scale changes in host methylation patterns induced by IncA/C plasmid transformation inVibrio cholerae
Authors: Wang Ruibai , Wan Kanglin 
Published: August 2018

AbstractDNA methylation is a central epigenetic modification and has diverse biological functions in eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms alike. The IncA/C plasmid genomes are approximately 150kb in length and harbour three methylase genes, two of which demonstrate cytosine specificity. Transformation of theVibrio choleraestrain C6706 with the IncA/C plasmid pVC211 resulted in a significant relabelling of the methylation patterns on the host chromosomes. The new methylation patterns induced by transformation with IncA/C plasmid were accepted by the restriction enzymes of the host’s restriction modification (RM) system. These data uncover a novel mechanism by which plasmids can be compatible with a host’s RM system and suggest a possible reason that plasmids of the IncA/C family are broad-host-range.Author summaryAntibiotic resistance of bacteria is a growing serious problem worldwidely and the horizontal transfer of multi-drug resistance genes mediated by plasmids within and between species of bacteria is the main reason. In the researches of multi-drug resistance ofVibrio cholerae, I have isolated several IncA/C plasmids. What impressed me most is their ability to accumulate the resistant genes. Moreover, they can transfer with high frequency and are stable in several bacterial species. There are at least three Tra regions on the IncA/C plasmid which containing components of the Type 4 Secretion System and are important for conjugative transfer of plasmids. So the horizontal transfer ability of IncA/C plasmids is reasonable. There are three methylase genes on the small genome of IncA/C plasmids, which demonstrate cytosine specificity and are seldom in bacteria. Their modification target and roles are interesting. Here, we analysed the methylation profiles of the hostV. choeraeinduced by the plasmid pVC211 and found that they were completely changed. In addition to replicons, this may be a novel mechanism that plasmid cross the barrier of the host’s RM system and become broad-host range. Changing the activity of methylase in IncA/C plasmids may be a new way to affect the stability of IncA/C plasmids to eliminate these multidrug-resistant plasmids from bacteria.
Soft X-ray refractive index by reconciling total electron yield with specular reflection: experimental determination of the optical constants of graphite
Authors: Jansing C. , Wahab H. , Timmers H. , Gaupp A. , Mertins H.-C. 
Published: August 2018

The complex refractive index of many materials is poorly known in the soft X-ray range across absorption edges. This is due to saturation effects that occur there in total-electron-yield and fluorescence-yield spectroscopy and that are strongest at resonance energies. Aiming to obtain reliable optical constants, a procedure that reconciles electron-yield measurements and reflection spectroscopy by correcting these saturation effects is presented. The procedure takes into account the energy- and polarization-dependence of the photon penetration depth as well as the creation efficiency for secondary electrons and their escape length. From corrected electron-yield spectra the absorption constants and the imaginary parts of the refractive index of the material are determined. The real parts of the index are subsequently obtained through a Kramers–Kronig transformation. These preliminary optical constants are refined by simulating reflection spectra and adapting them, so that measured reflection spectra are reproduced best. The efficacy of the new procedure is demonstrated for graphite. The optical constants that have been determined for linearly polarized synchrotron light incident withp- ands-geometry provide a detailed and reliable representation of the complex refractive index of the material near π- and σ-resonances. They are also suitable for allotropes of graphite such as graphene.
Staff awareness training: improving knowledge and confidence of autism spectrum disorders and intellectual disabilities in a locked rehabilitation unit
Authors: Hatton Victoria Anne 
Published: August 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to present a training package which was delivered to improve staff members’ knowledge and confidence of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and intellectual disabilities (ID).

Design/methodology/approach
The training was facilitated in a locked rehabilitation unit for adult males, many of whom had diagnoses of ASD and/or ID. With all staff receiving an invite, 25 attended which was the majority of the staff team. This included staff from housekeeping, nursing and catering.

Findings
To evaluate the effectiveness of the training, a survey and short assessment was administered before and after training. This revealed an improvement in both perceived knowledge and confidence of ASD and ID, as well as actual knowledge. Follow-up interviews also revealed some evidence of sustained learning and practice changes.

Research limitations/implications
Based on these findings, it is recommended that further face-to-face training is delivered at this locked rehabilitation unit to further improve professional practice.

Originality/value
This paper provides value to other inpatient settings as it highlights to practitioners how face-to-face training can significantly improve staff members knowledge and confidence of developmental disorders.
Flux density calculation of air gap for switched reluctance motor considering magnetic saturation based on sub-domain method
Authors: Pang Xianhai , Zhang Haijun , Wang Shuhong , Jing Hao 
Published: August 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to study the saturation and nonlinear performance of magnetic field in the air gap of switched reluctance motor (SRM).

Design/methodology/approach
The analytical method of sub-domain combined with the saturation compensation method is used to determine the nonlinear distribution of air gap magnetic field in SRM. Also, the resolutions of the two-dimensional (2D) Laplace’s equation and Poisson’s equation in polar coordinates are used to obtain the simplified expression of magnetic flux density.

Findings
For verifying the effectiveness of analytical model, the results are compared with those obtained from the 2D finite element method (FEM). The influence of magnetic saturation is taken into account by associating the sub-domain analysis result with the nonlinear B-H properties of stator and rotor iron. The magnetic flux density in radial and tangential direction considering the saturation effect may be calculated accurately. It can be seen that one can easily determine the linear analytical results accurately, whereas it is difficult to determine the magnetic flux density with saturation influence; especially at some local positions, there is a larger difference between analytical and FE model due to the complex boundary conditions.

Practical implications
This paper presents the development and optimization design of high-performance SRM.

Originality/value
The magnetic saturation may be taken into account for the SRM and analytical models support to simulated system performance.
Model of induction brazing of nonmagnetic metals using model order reduction approach
Authors: Karban Pavel , Pánek David , Doležel Ivo 
Published: August 2018

Purpose
A novel technique for control of complex physical processes based on the solution of their sufficiently accurate models is presented. The technique works with the model order reduction (MOR), which significantly accelerates the solution at a still acceptable uncertainty. Its advantages are illustrated with an example of induction brazing.

Design/methodology/approach
The complete mathematical model of the above heat treatment process is presented. Considering all relevant nonlinearities, the numerical model is reduced using the orthogonal decomposition and solved by the finite element method (FEM). It is cheap compared with classical FEM.

Findings
The proposed technique is applicable in a wide variety of linear and weakly nonlinear problems and exhibits a good degree of robustness and reliability.

Research limitations/implications
The quality of obtained results strongly depends on the temperature dependencies of material properties and degree of nonlinearities involved. In case of multiphysics problems characterized by low nonlinearities, the results of solved problems differ only negligibly from those solved on the full model, but the computation time is lower by two and more orders. Yet, however, application of the technique in problems with stronger nonlinearities was not fully evaluated.

Practical implications
The presented model and methodology of its solution may represent a basis for design of complex technologies connected with induction-based heat treatment of metal materials.

Originality/value
Proposal of a sophisticated methodology for solution of complex multiphysics problems established the MOR technology that significantly accelerates their solution at still acceptable errors.
The economics of disaster risks and impacts in the Pacific
Authors: Edmonds Christopher , Noy Ilan 
Published: August 2018

PurposeThe Pacific islands face the highest disaster risk globally in per capita terms. Countries in the region have been affected by several recent catastrophic events, as well as by frequent natural hazards of smaller magnitude. The purpose of this paper is to quantify total disaster risk faced by Pacific island countries (PICs).Design/methodology/approachThe paper evaluates the three main sources of data for quantifying risk in the region—the International Emergency Database (EMDAT), DesInventar and the Pacific Catastrophe Risk Assessment and Financing Initiative, evaluating the information available on indirect disaster impacts and their likely impacts on poverty and well-being.FindingsThe analysis suggests that the three available data sets contain inconsistencies and underestimate disaster risk, especially for atoll nations. It also identifies four trends with respect to changes in natural hazards that result from climate change and are likely to have the greatest long-term impact on Pacific islands. Focusing on Tuvalu, the paper also quantifies the likely consequence of some of the possible interventions that aim to reduce those impacts.Practical implicationsThe paper’s main conclusion is that improving the systematic collection of quantitative data on disaster events should be a basic first step in improving future policy decisions concerning resource allocation and efforts to insure losses from future disasters and climate change.Originality/valueWhile a lot of research explored disaster risk in PICs, comparative analysis of quantitative information on disasters across the diverse countries of the region is limited.
Integrating retired military officers into the civilian labour market
Authors: Tūtlys Vidmantas , Winterton Jonathan , Liesionienė Odeta 
Published: August 2018

Purpose
This paper aims to investigate issues affecting the integration of retired military officers into civilian work using a competence model as an analytical framework.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper combines literature review with empirical study. The primary method of data collection was a series of in-depth, face-to-face interviews with 25 retired army officers in Lithuania.

Findings
Despite evidence that a career as an officer in the military develops valuable competencies that have obvious potential in the civilian labour market, the integration of retired army officers into the civilian labour market is fraught with difficulties. Apart from the obvious inappropriateness of specific competencies associated with armed combat for civilian occupations, even competencies acquired in military service that align closely with those required in civilian jobs do not necessarily translate because of different contexts and different value systems.

Research limitations/implications
The empirical basis is limited to army officers in Lithuania, and the authors urge caution in extrapolating to other military personnel and other countries. To the extent that the approach has generic value, there are clearly implications for demobilisation after major conflicts or return to civilian life of personnel involved in international peace-keeping.

Practical implications
This exploratory research suggests that a competence framework can identify limits and possibilities of aligning competencies acquired in military service with those required in civilian occupations, provided context and values are incorporated as part of the analysis. The approach piloted in this paper could be useful more widely for facilitating mobility between sectors and occupations arising from the adoption of disruptive technologies.

Originality/value
The paper demonstrates the value of a structured approach to comparing competencies in context and the mediating role of values in moving from military to civilian occupations.
Thin film flow of an unsteady Maxwell fluid over a shrinking/stretching sheet with variable fluid properties
Authors: Faraz N. , Khan Y. 
Published: August 2018

Purpose
This paper aims to explore the variable properties of a flow inside the thin film of a unsteady Maxwell fluid and to analyze the effects of shrinking and stretching sheet.

Design/methodology/approach
The governing mathematical model has been developed by considering the boundary layer limitations. As a result of boundary layer assumption, a nonlinear partial differential equation is obtained. Later on, similarity transformations have been adopted to convert partial differential equation into an ordinary differential equation. A well-known homotopy analysis method is implemented to solve the problem. MATHEMATICA software has been used to visualize the flow behavior.

Findings
It is observed that variable viscosity does not have a significant effect on velocity field and temperature distribution either in shrinking or stretching case. It is noticed that Maxwell parameter has no dramatic effect on the flow of thin liquid fluid. It has been seen that heat flow increases by increasing the conductivity with temperature in both cases (shrinking/stretching). As a result, fluid temperature goes down when than delta = 0.05 than delta = 0.2.

Originality/value
To the best of authors’ knowledge, nobody has conducted earlier thin film flow of unsteady Maxwell fluid with variable fluid properties and comparison of shrinking and stretching sheet.
Talent development: status quo and future directions
Authors: Dalal Renu , Akdere Mesut 
Published: August 2018

Purpose
There is a critical need to understand current talent development (TD) practices as well as developing a contemporary paradigm that will support a radically different future for TD. The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of the existing literature on TD, explore the fundamental role of TD in organizations and identify gaps for future directions.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper reviews the literature on TD.

Findings
Following themes are identified in selected TD articles: varied TD definitions, theoretical perspective for investigating TD, TD practices and effects and implications on training and development. The literature review identifies two levels of TD practices: organizational level and individual level.

Practical implications
The field of TD is rapidly changing because of the accelerating integration of technology and information into daily work environment. There is a critical need to understand current TD practices as well as to develop a contemporary paradigm that will support a radically different future for TD. Scope and boundaries of TD need to be set, so that practitioners can apply the right practice at the right time.

Originality/value
The paper presents the conceptual boundaries of TD in the current existing literature and identifies the gaps.
Proposing a missing data method for hospitality research on online customer reviews
Authors: Kim Jewoo , Im Jongho 
Published: August 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to introduce a new multiple imputation method that can effectively manage missing values in online review data, thereby allowing the online review analysis to yield valid results by using all available data.

Design/methodology/approach
This study develops a missing data method based on the multivariate imputation chained equation to generate imputed values for online reviews. Sentiment analysis is used to incorporate customers’ textual opinions as the auxiliary information in the imputation procedures. To check the validity of the proposed imputation method, the authors apply this method to missing values of sub-ratings on hotel attributes in both the simulated and real Honolulu hotel review data sets. The estimation results are compared to those of different missing data techniques, namely, listwise deletion and conventional multiple imputation which does not consider text reviews.

Findings
The findings from the simulation analysis show that the imputation method of the authors produces more efficient and less biased estimates compared to the other two missing data techniques when text reviews are possibly associated with the rating scores and response mechanism. When applying the imputation method to the real hotel review data, the findings show that the text sentiment-based propensity score can effectively explain the missingness of sub-ratings on hotel attributes, and the imputation method considering those propensity scores has better estimation results than the other techniques as in the simulation analysis.

Originality/value
This study extends multiple imputation to online data considering its spontaneous and unstructured nature. This new method helps make the fuller use of the observed online data while avoiding potential missing problems.
Women entrepreneurs, individual and collective work–family interface strategies and emancipation
Authors: St-Arnaud Louise , Giguère Émilie 
Published: August 2018

Purpose
This paper aims to examine the experience of women entrepreneurs and the challenges and issues they face in reconciling the work activities of the family sphere with those of the entrepreneurial sphere.

Design/methodology/approach
This study is based on a materialist feminist perspective and a theory of living work that take into account the visible and invisible dimensions of the real work performed by women entrepreneurs. The methodology is based on a qualitative research design involving individual and group interviews conducted with 70 women entrepreneurs.

Findings
The results show the various individual and collective strategies deployed by women entrepreneurs to reconcile the work activities of the family and entrepreneurial spheres.

Originality/value
One of the major findings emerging from the results of this study relates to the re-appropriation of the world of work and organization of work by women entrepreneurs and its emancipatory potential for the division of labour. Through the authority and autonomy they possessed as business owners, and with their employees’ cooperation, they integrated and internalized tasks related to the work activities of the family sphere into the organization of work itself. Thus, not only new forms of work organization and cooperation at work but also new ways of conceiving of entrepreneurship as serving women’s life choices and emancipation could be seen to be emerging.