bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cost‐efficient magnetic nanoporous carbon derived from citrus peel for the selective adsorption of seven insecticides
Authors: Zhou Yuantao , Cao Shurui , Xi Cunxian , Chen Jiuyan , Zhang Lei , Li Xianliang , Wang Guomin , Chen Zhiqiong 
Published: May 2018

AbstractA magnetic solid‐phase extraction adsorbent that consisted of citrus peel‐derived nanoporous carbon and silica‐coated Fe3O4 microspheres (C/SiO2@Fe3O4) was successfully fabricated by co‐precipitation. As a modifier for magnetic microspheres, citrus peel‐derived nanoporous carbon was not only economical and renewable for its raw material, but exerted enormous nanosized pore structure, which could directly influence the type of adsorbed analytes. The C/SiO2@Fe3O4 also possessed the advantages of Fe3O4 microspheres like superparamagnetism, which could be easily separated magnetically after adsorption. Integrating the superior of biomass‐derived nanoporous carbon and Fe3O4 microspheres, the as‐prepared C/SiO2@Fe3O4 showed high extraction efficiency for target analytes. The obtained material was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller method, which demonstrated that C/SiO2@Fe3O4 was successfully synthesized. Under the optimal conditions, the adsorbent was selected for the selective adsorption of seven insecticides before gas chromatography with mass spectrometry detection, and good linearity was obtained in the concentration range of 2–200 μg/kg with the correlation coefficient ranging from 0.9952 to 0.9997. The limits of detection were in the range of 0.03–0.39 μg/kg. The proposed method has been successfully applied to the enrichment and detection of seven insecticides in real vegetable samples.
Spatial patterns of long‐term vegetation greening and browning are consistent across multiple scales: Implications for monitoring land degradation
Authors: Murthy Karthik , Bagchi Sumanta 
Published: May 2018

AbstractUnderstanding spatial–temporal patterns of terrestrial vegetation response to climate change (long‐term greening/browning) is important for developing strategies to mitigate degradation. Semiarid rangelands are especially susceptible to degradation, which challenges wildlife conservation and human livelihoods that depend on livestock production. In the cold‐arid Trans‐Himalayan ecosystem (northern India), temperature is increasing, and it is also becoming progressively wetter. Yet, counter‐intuitively, there are widespread concerns over degradation. We evaluated whether greening/browning patterns in long‐term satellite‐derived vegetation indices (normalized difference vegetation index [NDVI]) are consistent across different spatial and temporal scales using 6 datasets: MODIS (250 m, 500 m, 1 km, and 5.5 km), SPOT 1 km, and GIMMS 8 km. Results indicate browning in the spring and greening in late summer. Location of hotspots of degradation (browning) was broadly consistent across spatial scales (10−2–102 km2) and were found in regions with warmer temperature and at higher elevations. Broadly, the spatial/temporal pattern of browning does not coincide strongly with location and timing of human land use via livestock grazing. This geographical and seasonal context indicates that vegetation response may be more strongly related to climate than to human land use (overgrazing). Importantly, the dynamic nature of greening/browning, across space and time, is not captured by composite annual metrics (sum‐NDVI, max‐NDVI, and mean‐NDVI). This reiterates the importance of both intraannual and interannual assessments. Location of hotspots indicates that degradation occurs in a spatially contiguous manner, but these are not stationary and instead shift with seasons. Overall, the results show that evaluating the consistency of greening/browning trends across different spatial/temporal scales is critical for understanding and managing vegetation degradation.
Potential vascular mechanisms in an ex vivo functional pig bladder model
Authors: Anele Uzoma A. , Ratz Paul H. , Colhoun Andrew F. , Roberts Sydney , Musselman Ryan , Vince Randy A. , Speich John E. , Klausner Adam P. 
Published: May 2018

AimsChronic ischemia is a recognized factor in the pathophysiology of underactive bladder (UAB). Although relative ischemia (ie, low blood flow) is known to occur during filling, little is known regarding the pathophysiology that leads to UAB. Therefore, we developed an ex vivo functional porcine model to investigate the role of transient ischemia and whether autoregulation, a mechanism that maintains tissue oxygenation in certain vital organs, also exists in the bladder.MethodsUsing bladders from slaughtered pigs, we prepared an isolated perfused model where we studied the effects of bladder perfusion flow rate on perfusion pressure and tissue oxygenation during the filling phase. Bladders were perfused at an initial flow rate of 20 mL/min and then clamped in a sequentially decreasing stepwise manner down to no flow and back to the initial flow rate.ResultsWe found a linear relationship between flow rate and perfusion pressure until the flow rate decreased below 5 mL/min at which point the vascular resistance decreased; however, tissue pO2 remained stable after an initial decline.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that there may be an intrinsic autoregulatory mechanism in the bladder that allows it to undergo cyclic episodes of relative ischemia during its normal function. Factors that overcome this mechanism such as complete or chronic ischemia may be critical in the progression to detrusor underactivity and thereby highlight the importance of intervention during the early phases of this disease process.
Reliability and validity of the practice environment scale of the nursing work index for Japanese hospital nurses
Authors: Ogata Yasuko , Sasaki Miki , Yumoto Yoshie , Yonekura Yuki , Nagano Midori , Kanda Katsuya 
Published: May 2018

AbstractAimsThe aim of this study was to examine the reliability and validity of the Practice Environment Scale of the Nursing Work Index (PES‐NWI) for hospital nurses in Japan.DesignA cross‐sectional mail survey.MethodsParticipants in this study were 1,219 full‐time ward nurses from 27 hospitals in Japan, using 31 items of the Japanese version of the PES‐NWI questionnaire, from December 2008‐March 2009. Construct validity, criterion‐related validity and internal consistency of the PES‐NWI were tested.ResultsThe PES‐NWI showed reliable internal consistency. The five‐factor structure was supported by confirmatory factor analysis. The PES‐NWI correlated significantly with job satisfaction, burnout and the nurses’ intention to stay on the job, supporting criterion‐related validity.
Diastolic dysfunction is associated with exercise impairment in patients with sickle cell anemia
Authors: Alsaied Tarek , Niss Omar , Powell Adam W. , Fleck Robert J. , Cnota James F. , Chin Clifford , Malik Punam , Quinn Charles T. , Taylor Michael D. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractBackgroundLeft ventricular diastolic dysfunction (DD) is an independent risk factor for mortality in sickle cell anemia (SCA) and is associated with increased extracellular volume (ECV) on cardiac MRI (CMR). Exercise impairment is common in SCA, but its causes and prognostic value are not well understood.ObjectiveTo study the effects of DD and ECV on cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) in patients with SCA.Methods and ResultsAs part of a prospective study to characterize the cardiomyopathy of SCA (NCT02410811), 20 children and adults with SCA underwent CMR, echocardiography, and cycle ergometer CPET (age range 8–43 years). Maximum exercise was reached in 18 patients and 17 (94%) had reduced exercise capacity (%predicted VO2 less than 80%). Six patients had DD and none had systolic dysfunction. Patients with DD had lower exercise capacity compared to patients with normal diastolic function (%predicted VO2 48.2 ± 9.1% vs. 61.2 ± 11.7%; P = 0.01). The z‐score of left ventricular lateral E/e' ratio, which is a marker of DD, was negatively associated with %predicted VO2 (r = −0.61, P = 0.01). All patients with moderate‐to‐severe exercise impairment (%predicted VO2 < 60%) had lateral E/e’ z‐score > 2. In a multivariate analysis, lateral E/e’ z‐score was independently associated with %predicted VO2 (P = 0.02). All participants had elevated ECV but the degree of elevation was not associated with exercise parameters.ConclusionLeft ventricular DD is associated with decreased exercise capacity in SCA. Interventions to prevent or delay DD could improve exercise capacity, quality of life, and long‐term outcomes in SCA.
Relationship between effortful control and facets of mindfulness in meditators, non‐meditators and individuals with borderline personality disorder
Authors: Tortella‐Feliu Miquel , Soler Joaquim , Burns Leonard , Cebolla Ausiàs , Elices Matilde , Pascual Juan C. , López del Hoyo Yolanda , Baños Rosa , García‐Campayo Javier 
Published: May 2018

AbstractAs dimensions of effortful control (EC), activation control, attentional control, and inhibitory control could mediate the relationship between mindfulness meditation practice and the facets of mindfulness (i.e., observing, describing, acting with awareness, non‐judging and non‐reacting to inner experience). In this study, we tested whether participant status: meditators (n = 330), healthy non‐meditators (n = 254) and individuals with borderline personality disorder (BPD) diagnosis (n = 46) predicted the facets of mindfulness and if these potential effects were mediated through the three effortful control (EC) dimensions (activation, attentional and inhibitory control). Meditators scored higher than non‐meditators on attentional and inhibitory control and on the facets of mindfulness with attentional and inhibitory control partially mediating this relationship between meditation status and mindfulness facets. Participants with BPD showed lower scores on EC along with lower scores on the facets of mindfulness compared with healthy non‐meditators. All three aspects of EC partially mediated the relationship between BPD and mindfulness facets. Copyright © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Comparative Proteomics Analysis of Five Body Fluids: Plasma, Urine, Cerebrospinal Fluid, Amniotic Fluid, and Saliva
Authors: Zhao Mindi , Yang Yehong , Guo Zhengguang , Shao Chen , Sun Haidan , Zhang Yang , Sun Ying , Liu Yaoran , Song Yijun , Zhang Liwei , Li Qian , Liu Juntao , Li Mingxi , Gao Youhe , Sun Wei 
Published: May 2018

PurposeBody fluid is considered a rich source of disease biomarkers. Proteins in many body fluids have potential clinical applications for disease diagnostic and prognostic predictions.Experimental designTo determine differences in the protein components and functional features of body fluids, a proteomic comparison of five body fluids (plasma, urine, cerebrospinal fluid, saliva, and amniotic fluid) was conducted by high‐resolution mass spectrometry.ResultsA total of 4717 nonredundant proteins were identified, and the concentrations of 3433 proteins were estimated by an intensity‐based algorithm quantitation method. Among them, 564 proteins were shared among the five body fluids, with common functions in the coagulation/prothrombin system and inflammatory response. A total of 36.7% of the proteins were detected in only one body fluid and were closely related to their adjacent tissues by function. The functional analysis of the remaining 2986 proteins showed that similar functions might be shared among different body fluids, which highlighted intimate connection in the body.Conclusions and clinical relevanceThe quantitative comparative functional analysis indicated that body fluids might reflect the diverse functions of the whole body rather than the characteristics of their adjacent tissues. The above data might indicate the potential application of body fluids for biomarker discovery.
A new method for quantitative determination of renalase based on mass spectrometric determination of a proteotypic peptide labelled with stable isotopes
Authors: Kopylov A. T. , Fedchenko V. I. , Buneeva O. A. , Pyatakova N. V. , Zgoda V. G. , Medvedev A. E. 
Published: May 2018

RationaleRenalase is a recently discovered kidney secretory protein, which is considered as an important component involved in blood pressure regulation. Although altered levels of renalase have been detected in plasma and urine of patients with various kidney diseases, there is certain inconsistency of changes in the renalase levels reported by different laboratories. The latter is obviously associated with the use of the ELISA as the only available approach for quantitative analysis of renalase. Thus there is a clear need for the development of antibody‐independent approaches for renalase quantification.MethodsWe have developed a new method for quantitative determination of human renalase, which is based on mass spectrometric detection of a proteotypic peptide containing С‐terminal 13C15N‐labelled lysine. It corresponds to a tryptic peptide of human renalase, which has been previously detected in most mass spectrometric determinations of this protein.ResultsUsing the labelled peptide H‐EGDCNFVAPQGISSIIK‐OH, corresponding to positions 100–116 of the human renalase sequence, as an internal standard and recombinant human renalase we have generated a calibration curve, which covered the concentration range 0.005–50 ng/mL with a limit of quantitation of 5 pg/mL. Using this calibration curve we were able to detect urinary renalase only after enrichment of initial urinary samples by ammonium sulfate precipitation (but not in untreated urine).ConclusionsResults of our study indicate that quantitative determination of renalase based on mass spectrometric detection of a proteotypic peptide labelled with stable isotopes gives significantly lower values of this protein in human urine than those reported in the literature and based on the ELISA.
Evidence for dietary time series in layers of cetacean skin using stable carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios
Authors: Wild Lauren A. , Chenoweth Ellen M. , Mueter Franz J. , Straley Janice M. 
Published: May 2018

RationaleStable isotope analysis integrates diet information over a time period specific to the type of tissue sampled. For metabolically active skin of free‐ranging cetaceans, cells are generated at the basal layer of the skin and migrate outward until they eventually slough off, suggesting potential for a dietary time series.MethodsSkin samples from cetaceans were analyzed using continuous‐flow elemental analyzer isotope ratio mass spectrometry. We used ANOVAs to compare the variability of δ13C and δ15N values within and among layers and columns (“cores”) of the skin of a fin, humpback, and sperm whale. We then used mixed‐effects models to analyze isotopic variability among layers of 28 sperm whale skin samples, over the course of a season and among years.ResultsWe found layer to be a significant predictor of δ13C values in the sperm whale's skin, and δ15N values in the humpback whale's skin. There was no evidence for significant differences in δ15N or δ13C values among cores for any species. Mixed‐effects models selected layer and day of the year as significant predictors of δ13C and δ15N values in sperm whale skin across individuals sampled during the summer months in the Gulf of Alaska.ConclusionsThese results suggest that skin samples from cetaceans may be subsampled to reflect diet during a narrower time period; specifically different layers of skin may contain a dietary time series. This underscores the importance of selecting an appropriate portion of skin to analyze based on the species and objectives of the study.
Are stable isotope ratios and oscillations consistent in all baleen plates along the filtering apparatus? Validation of an increasingly used methodology
Authors: García‐Vernet Raquel , Sant Pol , Víkingsson Gísli , Borrell Asunción , Aguilar Alex 
Published: May 2018

RationaleBaleen plates are anatomical structures composed of inert tissue that hang from the upper jaw in mysticetes. Baleen plates may differ in size and in coloration between different segments of the filtering row or between sides of the mouth. Concern has been raised that variation in baleen plate characteristics may reflect dissimilar structural composition and growth rates liable to affect stable isotope ratios and their oscillation patterns.MethodsWe measured stable carbon (δ13C values) and nitrogen (δ15N values) isotope ratios at intervals of 1 cm along the longitudinal axis of six baleen plates collected from different positions along the mouth of a fin whale. All samples were analysed using a continuous flow isotope ratio mass spectrometer. Generalized additive models were fitted to the data from each baleen plate and the results of the models were compared visually.ResultsA total of 206 samples were analysed. Visually, all baleen plates presented nearly identical oscillations, independent of the position or the coloration of the baleen plate. However, the variation in δ13C and δ15N values occurring between the different baleen plates was higher in the segments of oscillations exhibiting steeper slopes.ConclusionsDifferences in size between plates in an individual are due to differential erosion rates according to their position in the mouth. Therefore, the position of sampling along the baleen plate row should not be a reason for concern when conducting stable isotope studies.
Factors Influencing the Umbilical Cord Blood Stem Cell Industry: An Evolving Treatment Landscape
Authors: Dessels Carla , Alessandrini Marco , Pepper Michael Sean 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is common practice today for life threatening malignant and non-malignant diseases of the blood and immune systems. Umbilical cord blood (UCB) is rich in hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and is an attractive alternative to harvesting HSCs from bone marrow or when mobilized into peripheral blood. One of the most appealing attributes of UCB is that it can be banked for future use and hence provides an off-the-shelf solution for patients in urgent need of a transplantation. This has led to the establishment of publicly funded and private UCB banks, as seen by the rapid growth of the UCB industry in the early part of this century. However, from about 2010, the release of UCB units for treatment purposes plateaued and started to decrease year-on-year from 2013 to 2016. Our interest has been to investigate the factors contributing to these changes. Key drivers influencing the UCB industry include the emergence of haploidentical HSCT and the increasing use of UCB units for regenerative medicine purposes. Further influencing this dynamic is the high cost associated with UCB transplantation, the economic impact of sustaining public bank operations and an active private UCB banking sector. We foresee that these factors will continue in a tug-of-war fashion to shape and finally determine the fate of the UCB industry.
Autologous Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Improve the Quality and Stability of Vascularized Flap Surgery of Irradiated Skin in Pigs
Authors: Linard Christine , Brachet Michel , Strup-Perrot Carine , L'homme Bruno , Busson Elodie , Squiban Claire , Holler Valerie , Bonneau Michel , Lataillade Jean-Jacques , Bey Eric , Benderitter Marc 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Cutaneous radiation syndrome has severe long-term health consequences. Because it causes an unpredictable course of inflammatory waves, conventional surgical treatment is ineffective and often leads to a fibronecrotic process. Data about the long-term stability of healed wounds, with neither inflammation nor resumption of fibrosis, are lacking. In this study, we investigated the effect of injections of local autologous bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-MSCs), combined with plastic surgery for skin necrosis, in a large-animal model. Three months after irradiation overexposure to the rump, minipigs were divided into three groups: one group treated by simple excision of the necrotic tissue, the second by vascularized-flap surgery, and the third by vascularized-flap surgery and local autologous BM-MSC injections. Three additional injections of the BM-MSCs were performed weekly for 3 weeks. The quality of cutaneous wound healing was examined 1 year post-treatment. The necrotic tissue excision induced a pathologic scar characterized by myofibroblasts, excessive collagen-1 deposits, and inadequate vascular density. The vascularized-flap surgery alone was accompanied by inadequate production of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins (decorin, fibronectin); the low col1/col3 ratio, associated with persistent inflammatory nodules, and the loss of vascularization both attested to continued immaturity of the ECM. BM-MSC therapy combined with vascularized-flap surgery provided mature wound healing characterized by a col1/col3 ratio and decorin and fibronectin expression that were all similar to that of nonirradiated skin, with no inflammation, and vascular stability. In this preclinical model, vascularized flap surgery successfully and lastingly remodeled irradiated skin only when combined with BM-MSC therapy.
Spatial Micropatterning of Growth Factors in 3D Hydrogels for Location‐Specific Regulation of Cellular Behaviors
Authors: Jeon Oju , Lee Keewon , Alsberg Eben 
Published: May 2018

AbstractGrowth factors are potent stimuli for regulating cell function in tissue engineering strategies, but spatially patterning their presentation in 3D in a facile manner using a single material is challenging. Micropatterning is an attractive tool to modulate the cellular microenvironment with various biochemical and physical cues and study their effects on stem cell behaviors. Implementing heparin's ability to immobilize growth factors, dual‐crosslinkable alginate hydrogels are micropatterned in 3D with photocrosslinkable heparin substrates with various geometries and micropattern sizes, and their capability to establish 3D micropatterns of growth factors within the hydrogels is confirmed. This 3D micropatterning method could be applied to various heparin binding growth factors, such as fibroblast growth factor‐2, vascular endothelial growth factor, transforming growth factor‐betas and bone morphogenetic proteins while retaining the hydrogel's natural degradability and cytocompability. Stem cells encapsulated within these micropatterned hydrogels have exhibited spatially localized growth and differentiation responses corresponding to various growth factor patterns, demonstrating the versatility of the approach in controlling stem cell behavior for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications.