bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Meta‐Analysis on Nitrogen Retention by Buffer Zones
Authors: Valkama Elena , Usva Kirsi , Saarinen Merja , Uusi‐Kämppä Jaana 
Published: September 2018

Buffer zones, established between agricultural fields and water bodies, are widely used as a measure to reduce N in surface runoff and groundwater. However, the literature indicates inconsistent results on the N removal efficiency of buffer zones between studies. We performed a weighed meta‐analysis on the buffer zone effects on NO3–N and total N in surface runoff and groundwater by summarizing 46 studies published between 1980 and 2017. The overall effects of buffer zones were a 33 (−48 to −17%, n = 25) and 70% (−78 to −62%, n = 38) NO3–N reduction in surface runoff and in groundwater, respectively, compared with controls with no buffer zone. In addition, buffer zones reduced the total N in surface runoff by 57% (−68 to −43%, n = 16). The effects of buffer zones on N retention were consistent across continents and in different climates. Nitrogen retention increased with increasing initial N concentrations discharged from the source of pollution. According to a meta‐regression, the N removal efficiency in surface runoff decreased in consort with increasing buffer zone age. Otherwise, the meta‐analysis revealed no effects of buffer zone characteristics such as the width or species number (for grass buffer zones) on the N retention in surface runoff and groundwater. Unlike groundwater quality, which responded equally well regardless of the source of pollution, buffer zone type, or buffer zone age, surface water quality is more sensitive, and it might not be satisfactorily improved by tree buffer zones or aged buffer zones, or when the source of pollution originates from grass production fields.Core Ideas
We performed a global weighed meta‐analysis by summarizing 46 studies (1980–2017).
Buffer zones reduced NO3–N by 33% in surface runoff and by 70% in groundwater.
Surface water is more sensitive to buffer zone characteristics than groundwater.
The higher the initial N concentrations, the larger the N retention by the buffer zones.
Meta‐analysis revealed no effect of buffer zone width on N retention.
Assessing Dynamic Soil Properties in Southern New England Forests within an Ecological Site Framework
Authors: Paolucci Andrew J. , Stolt Mark H. 
Published: September 2018

Core Ideas
Coniferous and deciduous forests are two common states within a glaciofluvial upland ecological site.
Upland soils with contrasting particle size showed similar ecological potential.
Poorly drained and very poorly drained riparian ecosystems should be considered separate ecological sites.
Ecological sites are a framework for documenting ecosystem conditions within a region but few have been developed for forested ecosystems. We developed ecological site concepts for southern New England glaciated forested upland and riparian benchmark soils with contrasting inherent properties. Within upland and riparian soils, we quantified the resistance or resilience of dynamic soil properties following specific management or disturbance. Although the upland soils had contrasting particle size classes, the vegetation composition, tree productivity, and soil organic C (SOC) pools were similar, suggesting that these soils have similar ecological potential. Coniferous and deciduous upland sites showed minimal differences. Selective harvest of 50% of overstory trees in the uplands decreased C addition from litter by 28% (p = 0.036) but did not significantly impact O horizon thickness or SOC contents, suggesting that C pools in these soils are resilient to selective harvesting. Although poorly and very poorly drained riparian soils had similar stands of Acer rubrum L., very poorly drained soils had larger SOC pools and thicker O horizons, and Carex stricta Lam. and Symplocarpus foetidus (L.) Salisb. ex W.P.C.Barton dominated the understory. These differences suggest these riparian soils should be considered separate ecological sites. Simulated N enrichment of riparian soils significantly (p = 0.006) increased root biomass but not CO2 respiration. Over time, N additions may increase C pools in riparian soils. Our studies suggest that ecological site concepts can be applied in southern New England forest ecosystems to establish a framework for understanding plant and soil responses to disturbance or management.
Психологические защиты как механизм формирования профессиональной деформации у педагогов дошкольных образовательных учреждений
Authors: Селезнёва Юлия Викторовна 
Published: September 2018

The article covers the maim factors of developing professional deformations of the teachers working at preschool educational institutions. The mechanism of developing professional deformations in professional activity of a teacher is shown by the example of considering the strategies used for psychological protection. The article also points out the qualitative difference in displaying and expressing psychological protection depending on the professional age.
Формирование спектров люминесценции, интенсивность излучения в УФ и видимой областях структур n-ZnO/p-GaN, n-ZnO/p-ZnO при нанесении пленок ZnO методом высокочастотного магнетронного распыления
Authors: Мездрогина М.М. , Виноградов А.Я. , Кожанова Ю.В. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe emission spectra of structures based on ZnO films deposited by high-frequency magnetron sputtering are studied. Clearly pronounced emission lines associated with the recombination of free (λ = 363 nm) and bound excitons (λ = 377, 390, 410 nm) are observed in the PL (photoluminescence) spectra ( T = 300 K) of n -ZnO/ p -GaN:Mg structures, and no substantial emission is observed in the impurity PL region λ = 450–600 nm. Only emission lines characteristic of n -ZnO (λ = 374 nm) are observed in the EL (electroluminescence) spectra of n -ZnO/ p -ZnO structures ( T = 300 K).
Влияние низкодозного протонного облучения на характеристики инжекционных диодов на основе 4H-SiC
Authors: Иванов П.А. , Потапов А.С. , Кудояров М.Ф. , Самсонова Т.П. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe effect of low-dose proton irradiation (irradiation dose 10^10–1 . 8 × 10^11 cm^–2) on the capacitance–voltage, forward current–voltage, and reverse-recovery characteristics of 4 H -SiC p – n _ o junction diodes is studied. Irradiation is performed with 1.8-MeV protons through a 10-μm-thick Ni-film (the proton energy and Ni-film thickness were chosen so that the projected proton range in silicon carbide is approximately equal to the p – n _ o junction depth). It is shown that proton irradiation in the above doses (i) does not change the concentration of majority carriers, (ii) leads to a dramatic decrease in the lifetime of nonequilibrium carriers (at a low injection level) (by several tens of times at the highest irradiation dose), and (iii) decreases the reverse-recovery charge at a high injection level (by up to a factor of 3 at the highest irradiation dose).
Casa Bustamante Aguirre: Francisco Artigas
Authors: Rivera García Arturo 
Published: September 2018

<p>El arquitecto Luis Barragán, autor del proyecto residencial Jardines del Pedregal, fue quien ideó a mediados de la década de los cuarenta un proyecto de gran escala para urbanizar parcialmente al Pedregal de San Ángel con un lujoso fraccionamiento residencial. Sus intenciones de diseño, sumadas a la arquitectura construida en las primeras décadas, fueron consecuencia de un reglamento estudiado y elaborado por Barragán y Max Cetto, documento inspirado en el texto de Diego Rivera al que tituló “Requisitos para la organización del Pedregal,” publicado en 1946. Los principios y bases de ambos documentos, buscaban fomentar estrategias para realizar intervenciones puntuales que lograran integrarse en armonía para conservar la belleza natural del sitio, además de establecer características arquitectónicas para las nuevas edificaciones y así unificar la imagen urbana.<br />Al tener complicaciones para adquirir la extensión total que conforma a la actual colonia, Barragán recurrió a los hermanos Bustamante Aguirre, quienes provenían de una prestigiosa familia conocida por sus ventas y desarrollos inmobiliarios. Fueron ellos quienes se encargaron de adquirir la mayor parte de los terrenos y de fundar la empresa Jardines del Pedregal de San Ángel S. A., en 1945.<br />En un inicio Barragán presentó el proyecto ante el Departamento Central del Distrito Federal para<br />solicitar la autorización de la construcción de un fraccionamiento residencial de carácter campestre,<br />uno de los requisitos fue que la lotificación debía partir de una hectárea de extensión como mínimo, condición que se cumplió durante los primeros años, sin embargo, en los años posteriores a 1950, la lotificación y venta de los siguientes predios comenzó a reducirse a terrenos que tenían desde los 4 000 hasta los 10 000 m2, de este modo el desarrollo de la primera sección motivo por el cual, en 1953 el fraccionamiento perdió su carácter de campestre según la regulación y se convirtió en un barrio más<br />de la Ciudad de México, quedó constituida por los predios más grandes, mientras que en las etapas posteriores los nuevos terrenos fueron reducidos a 1 000 y 2 000 m2.</p>
Atrio-ventricular Block Following Neostigmine-Glycopyrrolate Reversal in Non-heart Transplant Patients: Case Report
Authors: Nkemngu Njinkeng J. , Tochie Joel N. 
Published: September 2018

Neostigmine is the anticholinesterase drug most commonly used to reverse blockade or speed up recovery from neuromuscular blockade from nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocking drugs. Because of its cardiac muscarinic effects, prior or simultaneous administration of glycopyrrolate or atropine is usually recommended. There have been a few case reports of bradycardia, atrio-ventricular (AV) block, and cardiac arrest following neostigmine/glycopyrrolate administration to reverse neuromuscular block affecting several patients.
In this report, we describe a case of 21-year-old with a history of seizure disorder and developmental delay that presented for dental surgery under general anesthesia and developed type I AV block following the simultaneous administration of neostigmine and glycopyrrolate to reverse a nondepolarizing neuromuscular block with rocuronium at the end of his surgery.
We suggest that the chronic use of antiepileptic drugs in this patient in combination with neostigmine and glycopyrrolate lead to AV block in this patient. We also review similar cases reported in the literature and suggest an explanation for this observed phenomenon.
Kenabian Siddharta Gautama dalam Al-Qur’an Menurut Penafsiran Al-Qasimi
Authors: Fauziah Iva 
Published: September 2018

<p><em>Penafsiran Al-Qasimi terhadap QS. Al-Tin ayat 1-3 menuai banyak kontroversi. Beberapa pendapat ulama kontemporer yang dikutipnya mengindikasikan adanya simbolisasi Agama Buddha dalam kata al-Tin. Pemikiran semacam ini menimbulkan banyak spekulasi terutama terkait dengan status Siddharta sebagai salah satu Nabi yang tidak disebutkan namanya dalam Al-Qur’an. Ulama tanah air seperti Quraisy Shihab dan HAMKA turut membicarakannya dalam tafsirnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan pandangan Al-Qasimi melalui penafsirannya terhadap ayat-ayat kenabian dalam kitab Maḥāsin al-Ta’wīl fī al-Qur’ān al-Karīm. Penafsiran-penafsiran yang ada secara tematis akan membangun sebuah konsep kenabian yang memiliki beberapa indikator sebagai standar akurasi seorang Nabi dalam Islam. Penelitian ini merupakan kajian kepustakaan, oleh karena itu metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah library research. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini adalah kitab Mahasin Al-Ta’wil dan literatur lainnya yang relevan dengan fokus penelitian. Berdasarkan analisis yang dilakukan, dapat disimpulkan bahwa merujuk pada kriteria kenabian, Al-Qasimi memandang bahwa Siddharta Gautama tidak memenuhi kriteria sebagai seorang Nabi. Selain itu implikasi penafsiran surah At-Tin ayat 1-3 oleh Al-Qasimi dalam tafsirnya dapat memberikan pandangan yang berbeda terhadap idealisme antar-umat beragama. Pada tataran ini Muhammad maupun Siddharta bahkan para Nabi di seluruh dunia menurut Al-Qasimi pada dasarnya mengajarkan nilai yang sama, yakni kebenaran universal yang diakui seluruh umat manusia. Kesadaran akan adanya kebenaran uviversal tersebut diharapkan akan mewujudkan tercapainya perdamaian dan kesatuan umat manusia tanpa ada diskriminasi apapun.</em></p><p><strong>Kata Kunci:</strong> <em>Tafsir, </em><em>Kenabian <em>Siddharta Gautama</em>, </em><em>Buddha, </em><em>Al-Qasimi.</em></p>
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN INQUIRY TRAINING BERBANTUAN ANIMASI TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SISWA SMA
Authors: Aminah Tria , Harahap Mukti Hamjah 
Published: September 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui adanya pengaruh model pembelajaran inquiry training berbantuan animasi terhadap hasil belajar siswa pada materi pokok Suhu dan Kalor di kelas X semester II di SMA Dharmawangsa Medan T.P 2016/2017. Jenis penelitian ini adalah quasi experiment. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas X SMA Dharmawangsa Medan yang terdiri dari 9 kelas. Sampel penelitian diambil 2 kelas yang ditentukan dengan teknik cluster random sampling, yaitu kelas X MIA-5 sebagai kelas eksperimen dan X MIA-4 sebagai kelas kontrol dengan masing-masing berjumlah 30 siswa. Intrumen yang digunakan untuk mengetahui hasil belajar berbentuk essay tes dengan jumlah 8 soal yang sudah divalidkan. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh nilai rata-rata pretes kelas eksperimen adalah 24,46 dan nilai nilai rata-rata kelas kontrol adalah 24,13. Setelah pembelajaran selesai diberikan postes dengan hasil rata-rata kelas eksperimen adalah 68,9 dan kelas kontrol adalah 53,76. Dari hasil uji t diperoleh thitung = 7,52 sedangkan ttabel = 2,002. Karena thitung > ttabel (7,52 > 2,002) maka Ha diterima. Dengan menggunakan uji t diperoleh maka dapat disimpulkan ada pengaruh model pembelajaran inquiry training berbantuan animasi terhadap hasil belajar siswa pada materi pokok Suhu dan Kalor di kelas X semester II SMA Dharmawangsa Medan T.P 2016/2017.
STRATEGI PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS MASALAH UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KOMPETENSI DASAR FISIKA SISWA KELAS VIII SMP AMIR HAMZAH MEDAN
Authors: Nasution Lia Afriyanti 
Published: September 2018

Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan tujuan meningkatkan kompetensi dasar Fisika dan aktivitas siswa SMP, melalui penerapan strategi pembelajaran berbasis masalah. Penelitian tindakan kelas ini dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus pembelajaran, melibatkan 40 orang siswa kelas VIII – 1 SMP Amir Hamzah Medan. Kompetensi dasar Fisika yang disasar meliputi aspek kognitif, psikomotor dan afektif. Data tentang kompetensi kognitif dikumpulkan dengan metode tes, menggunakan pemahaman konsep, data tentang kompetensi psikomotor dan kualitas aktivitas pembelajaran siswa dikumpulkan dengan metode observasi menggunakan pedoman observasi, sedangkan data tentang kompetensi afektif siswa dikumpulkan dengan metode kuesioner menggunakan angket. Semua data penelitian kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif dengan menentukan rererata masing-masing data dan dijustifikasi pada masing-masing indikator. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa kompetensi dasar Fisika siswa dapat ditingkatkan.
Pengaruh Sikap dan Keyakinan Konsumen dalam Keputusan Pembelian Tepung Terigu Merek Gunung Bromo Produk PT. Bogasari Flour Mils Surabaya
Authors: Artaya I Putu 
Published: September 2018

This research aim to know, the influence of customer believe n and customer attitude toward customer buying decision during choice raw material of wheat flour for making noodle and bread. Object of this research is noodle manufacture in Surabaya which is PT Bogasari Flour Mills. In the same way, this research using dependence and independence variables. Dependence variable is buying decision and independence variabels are customer believe ( x1) and customer attitude (x2) . Model of analysis aproach is linear multiple regresion with 30 respondance which is a customer of PT Bogasari Flour Mills Surabaya. Sample using random sampling with samples take without any selection between respondance. Answer alternatif using ordinal approach with likert scale method. Validation test using correction item total and shown that all item are valid because value of corrected item total correlation biger than valu of r tabel. It’s mean quetion items can be uses to show something .In the other hand for reliable test using Alpha Cronbach’s trough cronbach alpha item test and the result is reliable because result of all items bigger than 0.7 ( standart correlation ) it’s mean if items of question will be use continously will give respond or result consistatly or never change .Furher more, multiple regresion result shown that customer believe ( x1) and customer attitude (x2) has influence to customer buying decision (y) with partial hypotesa test and simultaneously has significan result . Between both variable independence, customerbelieve (x1) has dominant influence trough customer buying decision (y). Value corelation between idependent and dependent variable with partial and simultanous indicator together has strong value above 0.7. Further more, according this research can show that PT Bogasari Flour Mills Surabaya should increase and growing positive perception of customer during build attitude image and believe image trough customer buying decison
Penilaian Konsumen Tentang Ekuitas Merek Shopping Mall di Surabaya (Studi Pada Tunjungan Plaza, Surabaya Plaza, dan Mal Galaxy)
Authors: DJUNAEDI ACHMAD ROFIAN , Iriani Sri Setyo 
Published: September 2018

Tunjungan Plaza, Surabaya Plaza, Mal Galaxy is part of a shopping mall that has a longevity brand in Surabaya, was established before the 2000th and still exist today. Tunjungan Plaza, Surabaya Plaza, and the Mal Galaxy have the outlet mall and tenant with famous brand, both brands from Indonesia and an international brand. Each of the shopping mall has a marketing strategy to build strong brand equity at the consumers perception. Brand equity may increase or decrease the value given by the shopping mall to the company or its customers. This research aims to determine consumer’s assessment of shopping mall brand equity in Surabaya, brand equity is measured by brand awareness, brand association, perceived quality, and brand loyalty. These results shows that Tunjungan Plaza is a shopping mall that brand awareness is remembered by most responden, most positively associated, and the highest brand loyalty, while the Mal Galaxy is a shopping mall which considered by respondents to the best perceived quality. Overall, Tunjungan Plaza is a shopping mall which has the strongest brand equity in Surabaya.
Pengaruh Pengelolaan Kualitas Layanan Melalui Program Pertamina Way terhadap Kepuasan Konsumen dan Dampaknya pada Citra SPBU Pertamina (Studi pada SPBU Pasti Pas di Surabaya)
Authors: IRIANI SRI SETYO , YULIANTO PUGUH 
Published: September 2018

Since 2007, BBM industry retail in Indonesia has been entered free trade. This make Pertamina do service quality management to entire SPBU Pertamina through Pertamina Way Program. Pertamina way is five standard operational elements which have to be reached by every SPBU Pertamina for consumers. Five elements its self consisted of: 1) Well trained and motivated staff, 2) quality and quantity assurance, 3) well-maintained equipment and facility, 4) consistent physical format, 5) as well as product offerings and value-added services. Service quality in this study is measured by dimensions of retail service quality according to Dabholkar, et al (1996) is consisted of: physical aspects, reliability, personal interaction, problem solving, and policy. This research purpose are: 1) to determine consumer perceptions of service quality at SPBU Pertamina with Pasti Pas logo in Surabaya, 2) to determine the influence of service quality management through Pertamina Way program to consumer satisfaction SPBU Pertamina with Pasti Pas logo in Surabaya, 3) to determine whether consumer satisfaction will have an impact on the brand image of SPBU Pertamina in Surabaya, 4) to determine the influence of service quality management through Pertamina Way programs is influenced to the brand image of SPBU Pertamina in Surabaya. The sample in this study is the consumer of 48 SPBU Pertamina Pasti Pas logo in Surabaya is consisted of 200 respondents. Sample decision techniques used non probability sampling with accidental sampling method and quota sampling. Data analysis technique used Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) by software AMOS 16.0 and SPSS 16.0. From the results of the analysis note that: 1) consumer have a positive perception of service quality at SPBU Pertamina with Pasti Pas logo in Surabaya, 2) service quality management is influenced significantly to consumer satisfaction of SPBU Pertamina with Pasti Pas logo in Surabaya, 3) customer satisfaction does not affect significantly to the image of SPBU Pertamina in Surabaya, 4) service quality management is influenced significantly to the image of SPBU Pertamina in Surabaya.
Pengaruh Risk Attitude, Risk Perception, dan Subjective Norm terhadap Risk Intended Behavior dari Restoran Makanan yang Tidak Memiliki Sertifikasi Halal bagi Konsumen Muslim, dengan Variabel Moderator Religiusitas
Authors: WINAHYU ROJIB BURHAN 
Published: September 2018

Restaurant in East Java last few years has increased significantly, where they come to offer a wide selection of new and exciting menus to satisfy consumers. On the other hand a lot of publicity to grow, both through print and electronic media about the composition of the food in them contain components harmful to the health of the body as well , including the types of food that is prohibited for consumption by religious law ( especially for Muslims ) widely circulated and highly troubling . This phenomenon is reinforced with only three restaurants in East Java that has a halal certification. Of course it is ironic that the majority of the population in East Java is Muslim. It should be noted by the company restaurant food is how consumer behavior in the face of such phenomena. Where the risk is influenced consumer behavior from attitudes towards risk (risk attitude), risk perception, subjective norms and consumer behavior in the face of possible risks that would happen (risk behavior intention) of restaurant that haven’t halal certification. This study using a quantitative design with statistical tools Partial Least Square (PLS). The results found that the risk attitude, risk perception, subjective norm effect on risk intention behavior. While the value of religiosity a person does not give effect to the relationship of risk attitude and risk perception on risk behavior intention