bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Takeoff temperatures in Melitaea cinxia butterflies from latitudinal and elevational range limits: a potential adaptation to solar irradiance
Authors: Advani Nikhil K. , Parmesan Camille , Singer Michael C. 
Published: January 2019

1. This study provides evidence that a heliophilic butterfly, the Glanville fritillary (Melitaea cinxia) has adapted differently to environmental variation across latitudes and elevations.2. In cool air, basking M. cinxia orient themselves perpendicular to the sun's rays to gain heat and take off. During flight, solar heating is reduced because orientation perpendicular to the sun is no longer possible and convective cooling occurs. Consequently, M. cinxia have been shown to suffer net heat loss in flight, even in full sunshine. When flight duration is restricted in this way, the takeoff temperature becomes an important thermal adaptation.3. Using a thermal imaging camera, takeoff temperatures were measured in experimental butterflies. Butterflies from the northern range limit in Finland took flight at slightly hotter temperatures than butterflies from the southern limit in Spain, and much hotter than butterflies from the elevational limit (1900–2300 m) in the French Alps. Butterflies from low‐elevation populations in southern France also took off much hotter than did the nearby Alpine population.4. These results suggest that the influence of elevation is different from that of latitude in more respects than ambient temperature. Values of solar irradiance in the butterflies' flight season in each region show that insects from the coolest habitats, Finland and the Alps, experienced similar solar irradiance during basking, but that Finns experienced much lower irradiance in flight. This difference may have favored Finnish butterflies evolving higher takeoff temperatures than Alpine butterflies that also flew in cool air but benefited from more intense radiant energy after takeoff.
Clinical staging for youth at‐risk for serious mental illness
Authors: Addington Jean , Liu Lu , Goldstein Benjamin I. , Wang Jianli , Kennedy Sidney H. , Bray Signe , Lebel Catherine , Stowkowy Jacqueline , MacQueen Glenda 
Published: January 2019

AimThe first aim of this project was to identify a sample of youth who met different stages of risk for the development of a serious mental illness (SMI) based on a published clinical staging model. The second aim was to determine whether participants allocated to the different stages were a good fit to the model by comparing these groups on a range of clinical measures.MethodsThis two‐site longitudinal study recruited 243 youth, ages 12 to 25. The sample included (a) 42 healthy controls, (b) 43 non‐help seeking individuals with no mental illness but with some risk of SMI, such as having a first‐degree relative with a SMI (stage 0), (c) 52 help‐seeking youth experiencing distress and possibly mild symptoms of anxiety or depression (stage 1a) and (d) 108 youth with attenuated symptoms of SMI, such as bipolar disorder or psychosis (stage 1b). Participants completed a range of measures assessing depression, anxiety, mania, suicide ideation, attenuated psychotic symptoms, negative symptoms, anhedonia and beliefs about oneself.ResultsThere were no clinical differences between HCs and participants in stage 0. For most of the clinical measures, participants in stage 1b had more severe ratings than participants in stages 1a and 0 and HCs; those in stage 1a had more severe ratings than HCs and stage 0 participants.ConclusionsThese results suggest that the staging process used to allocate participants to various stages is a good fit. That is, the clinical ratings followed an ordering effect consistent with that hypothesized in the staging model.
Early intervention service for first episode psychosis in Modena, Northern Italy: The first hundred cases
Authors: Ferrara Maria , Tedeschini Enrico , Baccari Flavia , Musella Vincenzo , Vacca Francesca , Mazzi Fausto , Ferri Mila , Srihari Vinod , Starace Fabrizio ,   for the Early Psychosis Working Group
Published: January 2019

AimTo report on the development of an early intervention service in Modena, Italy, with information relevant to the first 4 years of implementation.MethodsThe 2‐year service was offered to people aged 18‐35 with psychotic manifestations, within 2 years from psychosis onset/or naïve to antipsychotics, by teams placed within community mental health Centres, according to a “specialist within generalist” model. Treatment included pharmacological consultation, psychoeducation and social inclusion programs. Health of the Nation Outcome Scale was administered at baseline and every 6 months.ResultsOne hundred cases accepted the treatment from 1 March 2013 to 31 December 2016. Of these, 71% were male with a median age of 23. Ninety percent were diagnosed with non‐affective psychosis, yielding an estimated treated incidence of 19.1/105. General practitioners (GPs)represented the most frequent referrers to the program (38%), followed by referrals from acute general and psychiatric hospital units (22%) and self‐referrals (14%). Meaningful clinical improvement was observed, 6 months after enrolment.ConclusionsAn early intervention service for psychosis was successfully implemented within existing community outpatient services. GPs represented the main referrals, providing some validation of the “specialist within generalist” model of care. A promising clinical improvement and trend of reduction in duration of untreated psychosis was found, supporting the variety of early detection efforts in the community. The high median age and lack of information about pathways to care underline possible barriers to access for younger patients. These findings will inform refinement of treatments and service models for the Region.
Potential anthropogenic regime shifts in three freshwater lakes in Tropical East Asia
Authors: Bannister Wayne , McGowan Suzanne , Santos‐Borja Adelina C. , Quak Justin , Fong Letisha S. , Mendoza Milette , Papa Rey Donne Soriano , Taylor David 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Regime shifts in ecology are characterised by major, often abrupt changes in ecosystem structure and functioning in response to one or more driving variables, or pressures. Changes in the provision of ecosystem services are a potential outcome. Despite the current combination of rapidly increasing pressures on what are often highly important socio‐ecological systems, the resilience of lakes in the warm tropics to human perturbation is far less well understood than those at higher latitudes. This paper focuses on evidence of aquatic ecosystem change from a cluster of three deep, freshwater, volcanic crater lakes (Yambo, Mohicap, and Sampaloc) at low altitude on the island of Luzon, Philippines. The lakes support different intensities of aquaculture, an important livelihood but also a driver of poor water quality throughout tropical Asia.

Measured and monitored climate and water quality data, in addition to sedimentary evidence from sediment cores collected from the three study lakes, were used to determine the magnitude and trajectory of changes in lake water quality. Sediment cores were radiometrically dated and analysed for organic matter, spheroidal carbonaceous particles, and diatom remains. Diatom data were zoned numerically using cluster analysis. Diatom remains were also used to infer past variations in pH and possible relationships between potential driving climatic variables (temperature and rainfall). Diatom data sets were explored using detrended component analysis and principle component analysis.

Despite differences in intensity of aquaculture, a common trajectory and timing of a potential regime shift, characterised by a replacement of benthic with planktonic diatoms and an increase in diatom accumulation rates from the early to mid‐1980s, is evident, and attests a low threshold for disturbance effects. A predominantly planktonic diatom flora has persisted even after recent improvements in environmental quality.

The potential new regime may be less resilient and more susceptible to harmful algal blooms, abrupt expansions of anoxic conditions, and periodic mass fish kills when compared with its former state. The research further highlights the sensitivity of freshwater ecosystems in the warm tropics to disturbance pressures, and the risks to livelihoods, ecosystem services, and sustainable development.
Management Practices and Productivity in Germany
Authors: Broszeit Sandra , Laible Marie-Christine , Görg Holger , Fritsch Ursula 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Based on a novel dataset, the ‘German Management and Organizational Practices’ (GMOP) Survey, we calculate establishment-specific management scores following Bloom and van Reenen as indicators of management quality. We find substantial heterogeneity in management practices across establishments in Germany, with small establishments having lower scores than large establishments on average. We show a robust positive and economically important association between the management score and establishment level productivity in Germany. This association increases with establishment size. Comparison to a similar survey in the United States indicates that the average management score is lower in Germany than in the United States. Overall, our results point toward lower management quality being at least in part to blame for the differences in aggregate productivity between Germany and the United States.
Vertically Integrated Hydraulic Conductivity: A New Parameter for Groundwater‐Surface Water Analysis
Authors: Glose Thomas J. , Lowry Christopher S. , Hausner Mark B. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractNumerical modeling of groundwater‐surface water interactions provides vital information necessary for determining the extent of nutrient transport, quantifying water budgets, and delineating zones of ecological support. The hydrologic data that drive these models are often collected at disparate scales and subsequently incorporated into numerical models through upscaling techniques such as piecewise constancy or geostatistical methods. However, these techniques either use basic interpolation methods, which often simplifies the system of interest, or utilize complex statistical methods that are computationally expensive, time consuming, and generate complex subsurface configurations. We propose a bulk parameter termed “vertically integrated hydraulic conductivity” (KV), and defined as the depth‐integrated resistance to fluid flow sensed at the groundwater‐surface water interface, as an alternative to hydraulic conductivity when investigating vertical fluxes across the groundwater‐surface water interface. This bulk parameter replaces complex subsurface configurations in situations dominated by vertical fluxes and where heterogeneity is not of primary importance. To demonstrate the utility of KV, we extracted synthetic temperature time series data from a forward numerical model under a variety of scenarios and used those data to quantify vertical fluxes using the amplitude ratio method. These quantified vertical fluxes and the applied hydraulic head gradient were subsequently input into Darcy's Law and used to quantify KV. This KV was then directly compared to the equivalent hydraulic conductivity (KT) assuming an infinitely extending layer. Vertically integrated hydraulic conductivity allows for more accurate and robust flow modeling across the groundwater‐surface water interface in instances where complex heterogeneities are not of primary concern.
Transcranial Magnetic and Direct Current Stimulation (TMS/tDCS) for the Treatment of Headache: A Systematic Review
Authors: Stilling Joan M. , Monchi Oury , Amoozegar Farnaz , Debert Chantel T. 
Published: January 2019

BackgroundHeadache is among the most prevalent causes of disability worldwide. Non‐pharmacologic interventions, including neuromodulation therapies, have been proposed in patients who are treatment resistant or intolerant to medications.ObjectiveTo perform a systematic review on the use of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) for the treatment of specific headache disorders (ie, migraine, tension, cluster, posttraumatic).MethodsData sources: Ovid MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register of Clinical Trials, Embase, Scopus, PsycINFO. Data extraction: All references were reviewed by 2 independent researchers (3039 abstracts, duplicates removed). Records were selected by inclusion criteria for participants (adults 18‐65 with primary or secondary headaches), interventions (TMS and tDCS applied as headache treatment), comparators (sham or alternative standard of care), and study type (cohort, case‐control, and randomized controlled trials [RCT]). Studies were assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool and overall quality determined through the GRADE Tool. A structured synthesis was performed due to heterogeneity of participants and methods.ResultsThirty‐four studies were included: 16 rTMS, 6 TMS (excluding rTMS), and 12 tDCS. The majority investigated treatment for migraine (19/22 TMS, 8/12 tDCS). Quality of evidence ranged from very low to high.ConclusionOf all TMS and tDCS modalities, rTMS is most promising with moderate evidence that it contributes to reductions in headache frequency, duration, intensity, abortive medication use, depression, and functional impairment. However, only few studies reported changes greater than sham treatment. Further high‐quality RCTs with standardized protocols are required for each specific headache disorder to validate a treatment effect. Registration Number: PROSPERO 2017 CRD42017076232.
The risk ofHelicobacter pyloriinfection for adverse pregnancy outcomes: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Zhan Yongle , Si Mingyu , Li Mingshuang , Jiang Yu 
Published: January 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo estimate the current evidence regarding the association betweenHelicobacter pyloriinfection during pregnancy and adverse pregnancy outcomes.Materials and MethodsA systematic literature search for relevant publications was conducted using PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Web of science databases through November 17th, 2018. The pooled odds ratios (ORs) with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were selected as the effect size. Subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis were performed.ResultsThirty‐one studies with a total of 22 845 participants were identified. There was significant association ofH pyloriinfection with preeclampsia (OR: 2.51; 95% CI: 1.88‐3.34;P < 0.001), fetal growth restriction (OR: 2.28; 95% CI: 1.21‐4.32;P = 0.01), gestational diabetes mellitus (OR: 2.03; 95% CI: 1.56‐2.64;P < 0.001), spontaneous abortion (OR: 1.50; 95% CI: 1.05‐2.14;P = 0.024), and birth defect (OR: 1.63; 95% CI: 1.05‐2.54;P = 0.03). Sensitivity analysis showed the significant association betweenH pyloriinfection and low birthweight (OR: 1.59; 95% CI: 1.05‐2.40;P = 0.03).ConclusionThe present meta‐analysis offers proof to support thatH pyloriinfection during pregnancy can increase the risk on adverse pregnancy outcomes. Screening and treating forH pyloriinfection before pregnancy should be taken into account.
Dense CIGS films obtained by blending submicron‐sized particles with nanoparticle suspensions using a non‐vacuum process
Authors: Lai Hsin‐Yu , Hsiang Hsing‐I 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe difficulty in densification easily occur in CIGS thin film absorber fabrication using the non‐vacuum process. A novel process is developed in this study to achieve dense, crack‐free and large‐grained CIGS films by blending submicron‐sized particles with nanoparticle suspensions. The addition of slow‐sintering submicron‐sized particles to the nanoparticle suspensions effectively inhibits crack generation and small grain development in the film microstructure. The submicron‐sized particles addition to nanoparticle suspension effect on the microstructure and electrical properties are investigated using scanning electron microscopy, X‐ray diffraction, UV‐Vis‐NIR, Raman spectroscopy and Hall‐effect analyzer. A homogeneous dense microstructure with a large grain size and good electric properties can be obtained as the submicron‐sized particles ratio to nanoparticles approaches 3:7.
Conceiving, designing and trailing a short‐form measure of job quality: a proof‐of‐concept study
Authors: Felstead Alan , Gallie Duncan , Green Francis , Henseke Golo 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe government has accepted the Taylor Review's recommendation that it should report annually on job quality in the UK. This article argues that three principles need to be followed in choosing the right measures and shows how these principles have been used to create a short job quality quiz (www.howgoodismyjob.com).
Does shared group identification lead to group creativity? Group regulatory focus as a moderator
Authors: Lee Eun‐Suk , Park Tae‐Youn , Paik Yonjeong 
Published: January 2019

AbstractRegarding the effect of identification on creativity in groups, two theoretical views compete. One view emphasizing group‐welfare motives underlying identification proposes a positive identification–creativity relationship in groups because members sharing high group identification are motivated to engage in behaviors that they believe are optimal for their group, including those that depart from the group's status quo, thus resulting in enhanced group creativity. The other view highlighting affiliative motives underlying identification, in contrast, posits a negative identification–creativity relationship in groups because highly identified members are motivated to engage in behaviors that certify their belongingness in the group, that is, behaviors that conform to the existing group norms and status quo, which constrains the group's potential for creativity. This study aims to reconcile these competing perspectives by invoking regulatory focus theory. Drawing on the notion that group identification effects rely on the content of group identity that the identification is based on, the authors suggest that group regulatory focus, as a critical group identity content, moderates the identification–creativity relationship in groups; the relationship is positive when the group's regulatory focus is highly promotion‐oriented, whereas it is negative when the group's regulatory focus is highly prevention‐oriented. Analyzing data from 65 workgroups in a cosmetics company in Korea, the authors show evidence that the identification–creativity relationship is positive in groups with a high promotion focus. The prediction regarding the prevention–focus moderation effect is not supported. The implications of the findings for both theory and practice are discussed.
Knockdown of Golgi phosphoprotein 73 blocks the trafficking of matrix metalloproteinase‐2 in hepatocellular carcinoma cells and inhibits cell invasion
Authors: Liu Yiming , Zhang Xiaodi , Zhou Sining , Shi Jieyao , Xu Yun , He Jia , Lin Feng , Wei Anbang , Zhou Linfu , Chen Zhi 
Published: January 2019

AbstractGolgi phosphoprotein 73 (GP73) has been regarded as a novel serum biomarker for the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in recent years. It has been reported that the upregulation of GP73 may promote the carcinogenesis and metastasis of HCC; however, the mechanisms remain poorly understood. In this study, GP73 correlates positively with matrix metalloproteinase‐2 (MMP‐2) in HCC‐related cells and tissues. Further studies indicate that the knockdown of GP73 blocks MMP‐2 trafficking and secretion, resulting in cell invasion inhibition. Additionally, the knockdown of GP73 induces the accumulation of intracellular MMP‐2, which inhibits the phosphorylation of Src at Y416 and triggers the inhibition of SAPK/JNK and p53‐p21 signalling pathways through a negative feedback loop. Finally, the transactivation of MMP2 was inhibited by the reduction in E2F1. This study reveals that GP73 plays functional roles in the trafficking and equilibrium of epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT)‐related secretory proteins and that GP73 serves as a new potential target for combating the metastasis of HCC.
GATA5 inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma cells malignant behaviours by blocking expression of reprogramming genes
Authors: Feng Haipeng , Zhu Mingyue , Zhang Ruizhu , Wang Qiaoyun , Li Wei , Dong Xu , Chen Yi , Lu Yan , Liu Kun , Lin Bo , Guo Junli , Li Mengsen 
Published: January 2019

AbstractEvidence indicated that GATA5 may suppress hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell malignant transformation, but the mechanism of how GATA5 affects cancer cell reprogramming to inhibit HCC malignant behaviour is still unclear. In this study, we report that the expression of β‐catenin and reprogramming genes p‐Oct4, Nanog, Klf4, c‐myc and EpCAM was significantly higher in HCC tissues compared to normal liver tissues. In contrast, the expression of GATA5 was significantly lower in HCC tissues compared to normal liver tissues. Transfection of CDH‐GATA5 vectors into HCC cells (HLE, Bel 7402 and PLC/PRF/5 cells) increased the GATA5 expression and decreased the expression of β‐catenin and reprogramming genes p‐Oct4, Nanog, Klf4, c‐myc and EpCAM. Increased GATA5 expression by transfection with its expression vectors was also able to inhibit the cell growth, colony formation and capability of migration, invasion, while promoting apoptosis in HCC cells. Results revealed that GATA5 co‐localization with β‐catenin in the cytoplasm, preventing β‐catenin from entering the nucleus. Treatment with the specific Wnt/β‐catenin pathway inhibitor salinomycin was able to reduce the expression of β‐catenin and reprogramming genes. Salinomycin exerted a similar influence as GATA5, and siRNA‐GATA5 restored β‐catenin and reprogramming gene expression. This study demonstrates that an increase in the expression of GATA5 inhibits the expression of β‐catenin and reprogramming genes and suppresses tumour growth, colony formation, metastasis and invasion, while promoting apoptosis in HCC cells. The mechanism of GATA5 inhibiting the malignant behaviours of HCC cells may involve in the disruption of the Wnt/β‐catenin pathway and the reduction of reprogramming gene expression.
Guidelines for office gynecology in Japan: Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology (JSOG) and Japan Association of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (JAOG) 2017 edition
Authors: Kawaguchi Ryuji , Matsumoto Koji , Akira Shigeo , Ishitani Ken , Iwasaku Kazuhiro , Ueda Yutaka , Okagaki Ryugo , Okano Hiroya , Oki Toshimichi , Koga Kaori , Kido Michiko , Kurabayashi Takumi , Kuribayashi Yasushi , Sato Yuichi , Shiina Kaori , Takai Yasushi , Tanimura Satoshi , Chaki Osamu , Terauchi Masakazu , Todo Yukiharu , Noguchi Yasuyuki , Nose‐Ogura Sayaka , Baba Tsukasa , Hirasawa Akira , Fujii Takuma , Fujii Tsuneo , Maruyama Tetsuo , Miyagi Etsuko , Yanagida Kaoru , Yoshino Osamu , Iwashita Mitsutoshi , Maeda Tsugio , Minegishi Takashi , Kobayashi Hiroshi 
Published: January 2019

AbstractSix years after the first edition of The Guideline for Gynecological Practice, which was jointly edited by The Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology and The Japan Association of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, the third revised edition was published in 2017. The 2017 Guidelines includes 10 additional clinical questions (CQ), which brings the total to 95 CQ (12 on infectious disease, 28 on oncology and benign tumors, 27 on endocrinology and infertility and 28 on healthcare for women). Currently a consensus has been reached on the Guidelines and therefore the objective of this report is to present the general policies regarding diagnostic and treatment methods used in standard gynecological outpatient care that are considered appropriate. At the end of each answer, the corresponding recommendation level (A, B, C) is indicated.