bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Women's Role in Promoting Sustainable Development Through Stakeholder Engagement and Environmental Policy: African Perspectives On the Circular Economy
Authors: Oppong Clement , Mathibe Motshedisi Sina 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTAs African countries increasingly adopt circular economy strategies, the implications for sustainable development remain underexplored, particularly regarding gender dynamics. This study investigates the critical role that women play in promoting sustainable development through stakeholder engagement and environmental policy within the context of the circular economy in Africa. Drawing on sustainability theories, the research employs exploratory and quantitative methods to analyse a longitudinal dataset from the World Development Indicators (WDI), Gender Statistics (GS), and Adjusted Net Savings (ANS) databases, covering 11 African countries from 2016 to 2023. The pooled ordinary least squares (OLS) and system generalized method of moments (GMM) analyses reveal that women's involvement in the circular economy not only enhances sustainability but also contributes to job creation and overall economic growth. Moreover, women's engagement significantly moderates the relationship between circular economy practices and sustainability outcomes in the region. These findings offer new insights into the intersection of gender, policy, sustainability, and stakeholder engagement. They advance scholarly understanding of how women's participation in the circular economy can drive broader sustainable development goals in Africa.
Pyrimidine Nucleosides, Benzoic Acid Derivative, and Bipyridine From the Marine‐Derived Streptomyces Sp. DS52
Authors: Xia Meng‐de , Fang Jie‐bin , Huang Yun , Chen Shuang , Ma Zhong‐jun 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTFourteen new compounds were isolated from marine‐derived Streptomyces sp. DS52, including 12 pyrimidine nucleosides (1–12), 1 benzoic acid derivative (13), and 1 dipyridine derivative (14). Additionally, 28 known compounds (15–42) were identified. The structures of all compounds were elucidated through extensive analysis of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic and high‐resolution electrospray ionization mass spectroscopy data. Electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations were employed to investigate the configurations of compounds 1, 2, and 4–13. Bioactivity evaluations of all of the compounds showed that compound 41 exhibited significant cytotoxicity against the HCT‐116 and MDA‐MB‐231 human cancer cell lines with IC50 values of 0.73 ± 0.06 and 1.11 ± 0.06 µM, respectively. Notably, compounds 6, 7, 9, 11, 15, 33–38, 41, and 42 exhibited cytotoxicity against HCT‐116 human colon cancer cell lines and MDA‐MB‐231 human breast cancer cell lines, with IC50 values ranging from 0.73 ± 0.06 to 17.44 ± 0.53 µM and from 1.11 ± 0.06 to 18.51 ± 3.07 µM, respectively.
Chemical Variation and Biological Properties of the Essential Oil and Main Volatiles of Pimenta dioica Harvested in the Northern Highlands of Puebla, Mexico
Authors: Pacheco‐Hernández Yesenia , Rangel‐Galván Maricruz , Velásquez‐Hernández Francisco E. , Lozoya‐Gloria Edmundo , Castro‐Juárez Carlos J. , Villa‐Ruano Nemesio 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe chemical variation of the annual essential oils from Pimenta dioica (PdEOs) grown in the Northern Highlands of Puebla, Mexico, and their biological activities were determined. Eugenol (>50%) and β‐myrcene (>16%) were the main volatiles contained in the annual PdEOs (2022–2024) extracted from fruit and leaves. PdEOs showed inhibitory properties on human pancreatic lipase (IC50, 33–44 µg/mL) through mixed‐type inhibition with clear eugenol involvement (IC50, 47 µg/mL). The oral administration of PdEOs and eugenol combined with corn oil on ICR mice (p < 0.01) confirmed a strong anti‐hypertriglyceridemic activity at 3 and 4.5 h post‐treatment. PdEOs showed low toxicity in 3T3 fibroblasts and probiotics (IC50 > 500 µg/mL), whereas high lethal dose in ICR mice (LD50 > 8000 mg/kg BW). Eugenol, β‐myrcene, and PdEOs decreased Helicobacter pylori viability, acting as mixed inhibitors on urease. Results of anti‐lipase and anti–H. pylori urease assays were endorsed by docking calculations.
Rational Design of Supported Metal Catalysts for Selective Hydrogenation of Sulfur‐Containing Compounds
Authors: Chen Haitao , Ling Zongpeng , Wang Yueyang , Dai Huicong , Zhao Zhenchao , Yang Qihua 
Published: November 2024

AbstractHydrogenation of nitro, carbonyl groups, and unsaturated bonds of sulfur‐containing compounds over supported metal catalysts is a green process in the production of building blocks of bioactive natural compounds, drugs, pesticides, and so forth, but it is a challenging task due to the strong coordination and complexation of the lone pair electrons in sulfur atom with active sites in catalyst, leading to dramatically reduced activity. Previous studies emphasize the sulfur‐resistant properties of catalysts in the hydrogenation of industrial feedstocks, but the direct hydrogenation of sulfur‐containing compounds has received limited attention. In this concept, recent advances in the hydrogenation of sulfur‐containing compounds were reviewed, including the strategies to improve the resistance of supported metal catalysts to sulfur poisoning. Finally, we give future perspectives on the development of efficient catalysts for the hydrogenation of sulfur‐containing compounds, and key factors influencing the hydrogen dissociation and migration in the presence of sulfur atoms are highlighted.
H©Li4Au4−: Planar Tetracoordinate Hydrogen in an Electrostatic Interaction Dominated Superhalogen Anion
Authors: Jin Bo , Wang Ying‐Jin 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPlanar hypercoordination has intrigued researchers for decades, yet hydrogen remained absent from this category until recently. Despite some advancements, further exploration of the emerging field of planar hypercoordinate hydrogen chemistry is still necessary. Herein, we report a D4h symmetric H©Li4Au4− cluster containing a planar tetracoordinate hydrogen (ptH) center. Both density functional theory (DFT) and ab initio calculations revealed that designed H©Li4Au4− is a real global minimum. Meanwhile, it also possesses excellent dynamic stability. This stability is dominated by electrostatic interactions, and reinforced by multicenter covalent bonds rather than any aromaticity. Interestingly, it is the first superhalogen anion in the ptH cluster and is expected to experimental synthesis and characterization.
Modulation of OPC Mitochondrial Function by Inhibiting USP30 Promotes Their Differentiation
Authors: Soung Allison L. , Kyauk Roxanne V. , Pandey Shristi , Shen Yun‐An A. , Reichelt Mike , Lin Han , Jiang Zhiyu , Kirshnamoorthy Praveen , Foreman Oded , Lauffer Benjamin E. , Yuen Tracy J. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTMultiple lines of evidence indicate that mitochondrial dysfunction occurs in demyelinating diseases, such as multiple sclerosis (MS). Failure of remyelination is thought to be caused in part by a block of oligodendrocyte progenitor cell (OPC) differentiation into oligodendrocytes, which generate myelin sheaths around axons. The process of OPC differentiation requires a substantial amount of energy and high demand for ATP which is supplied through the mitochondria. In this study, we highlight mitochondrial gene expression changes during OPC differentiation in two murine models of remyelination and in human postmortem MS brains. Given these transcriptional alterations, we then investigate whether genetic alteration of USP30, a mitochondrial deubiquitinase, enhances OPC differentiation and myelination. By genetic knockout of USP30, we observe increased OPC differentiation and myelination without affecting OPC proliferation and survival in in vitro and ex vivo assays. We also find that OPC differentiation is accelerated in vivo following focal demyelination in USP30 knockout mice. The promotion of OPC differentiation and myelination observed is associated with increased oxygen consumption rates in USP30 knockout OPCs. Together, these data indicate a role for mitochondrial function and USP30 in OPC differentiation and myelination.
A multimodal vision transformer for interpretable fusion of functional and structural neuroimaging data
Authors: Bi Yuda , Abrol Anees , Fu Zening , Calhoun Vince D. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMultimodal neuroimaging is an emerging field that leverages multiple sources of information to diagnose specific brain disorders, especially when deep learning‐based AI algorithms are applied. The successful combination of different brain imaging modalities using deep learning remains a challenging yet crucial research topic. The integration of structural and functional modalities is particularly important for the diagnosis of various brain disorders, where structural information plays a crucial role in diseases such as Alzheimer's, while functional imaging is more critical for disorders such as schizophrenia. However, the combination of functional and structural imaging modalities can provide a more comprehensive diagnosis. In this work, we present MultiViT, a novel diagnostic deep learning model that utilizes vision transformers and cross‐attention mechanisms to effectively fuse information from 3D gray matter maps derived from structural MRI with functional network connectivity matrices obtained from functional MRI using the ICA algorithm. MultiViT achieves an AUC of 0.833, outperforming both our unimodal and multimodal baselines, enabling more accurate classification and diagnosis of schizophrenia. In addition, using vision transformer's unique attentional maps in combination with cross‐attentional mechanisms and brain function information, we identify critical brain regions in 3D gray matter space associated with the characteristics of schizophrenia. Our research not only significantly improves the accuracy of AI‐based automated imaging diagnostics for schizophrenia, but also pioneers a rational and advanced data fusion approach by replacing complex, high‐dimensional fMRI information with functional network connectivity, integrating it with representative structural data from 3D gray matter images, and further providing interpretative biomarker localization in a 3D structural space.
Comparing automated subcortical volume estimation methods; amygdala volumes estimated by FSL and FreeSurfer have poor consistency
Authors: Sadil Patrick , Lindquist Martin A. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSubcortical volumes are a promising source of biomarkers and features in biosignatures, and automated methods facilitate extracting them in large, phenotypically rich datasets. However, while extensive research has verified that the automated methods produce volumes that are similar to those generated by expert annotation; the consistency of methods with each other is understudied. Using data from the UK Biobank, we compare the estimates of subcortical volumes produced by two popular software suites: FSL and FreeSurfer. Although most subcortical volumes exhibit good to excellent consistency across the methods, the tools produce diverging estimates of amygdalar volume. Through simulation, we show that this poor consistency can lead to conflicting results, where one but not the other tool suggests statistical significance, or where both tools suggest a significant relationship but in opposite directions. Considering these issues, we discuss several ways in which care should be taken when reporting on relationships involving amygdalar volume.
Rapid Hydrological Responses Following Process‐Based Restoration in a Degraded Sierra Nevada Meadow
Authors: Sevier Emma C. , Pope Karen L. , Dralle David N. , Wagenbrenner Joseph W. , Cummings Adam K. , Richardson Paul , Lang Margaret 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTMountain meadows are ecologically important groundwater dependent ecosystems that retain and store water in upland forested landscapes. They tend to occur in low gradient, broad valleys where water slows and sediment accumulates, making them efficient locations for restoration. Over a century and a half of land use has degraded many meadows in the Sierra Nevada, reducing their hydrological and ecological functionality. Process‐based restoration (PBR) is an ecosystem rehabilitation approach that utilises biogeomorphic processes to facilitate functional ecosystem recovery. Low‐tech applications of PBR leverage fluvial processes, plant growth and the manipulation of onsite materials to increase structural and hydrological complexity. In meadows, typical goals associated with restoration are to increase groundwater elevations, expand wetted area, encourage sediment capture and create diffuse flow paths leading to improved ecological function over time. This study compares surface and groundwater conditions in a degraded riparian meadow in the Sierra Nevada, California, USA for 1 year before and after process‐based restoration to understand initial changes in meadow hydrogeomorphic function. Restoration included the installation of 39 postless beaver dam analog structures in ~1 km of incised meadow channel. Stage‐discharge data at the inlet and outlet of the project area were paired with groundwater data collected from 13 wells distributed across the meadow to estimate increased water storage of 3700 m3 due to restoration. After the wet winter of 2023, we estimated that pools upstream of structures filled to over half their volume with fine sediment. We also applied hydrodynamic modelling to evaluate fluvial changes at high flows and found that restoration increased flow complexity and wetted surface area. These short‐term responses highlight the potential speed and ability of low‐tech, process‐based restoration in achieving restoration outcomes.
Prevention of maternal mortality with interventions in primary care services: What can we do?
Authors: Mayrink Jussara , Costa Maria L. , Souza Renato T. , Sampaio Lucas T. C. , Cecatti Jose G. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractDespite global progress and a marked reduction in maternal mortality ratio worldwide, the burden of maternal death and morbidity remains a huge challenge, especially among low‐ and middle‐income settings. Maternal mortality is determined by multiple components. As a result, sustainable strategies require not only the implementation of effective health policies but also social development. In this narrative review, we discuss strategies to improve the maternal mortality ratio based on recent advances in public health. Primary care plays a key role in identifying background conditions, risk factors and early signs of some major causes of maternal mortality and morbidity. Antenatal care also addresses other conditions that influence outcomes: unwanted pregnancies, nutrition, sexually transmitted illnesses, family planning, immunization, and child health. Therefore, awareness about major causes of maternal mortality, direct and indirect targeted interventions to adequately identify risk factors, implement prophylactic interventions when available and guarantee early diagnosis, can certainly impact outcomes.
The Stimulator of Interferon Genes Deficiency Attenuates Diabetic Myopathy Through Inhibiting NLRP3‐Mediated Pyroptosis
Authors: Yang Jingjuan , Wang Mengqiong , Shi Lingling , Fang Xin , Gao Cui , Ma Lin , Wang Yongfei , Ying Songmin , Yang Yi 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundDiabetic myopathy is characterized by the loss of skeletal muscle mass and function. NOD‐like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3)–mediated pyroptosis is a type of proinflammatory cell death, which can exacerbate significant muscle cell loss and adverse remodelling. The stimulator of interferon genes (STING) is an essential molecule involved in the regulation of inflammation and immune responses across various diseases. The regulatory mechanism by which STING affects muscle pyroptosis in diabetic myopathy remains unclear.MethodsSTING‐knockout and wild‐type (WT) mice underwent intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ). STING small interfering RNA (siRNA) was transfected into fully differentiated C2C12 myotubes prior to glucose treatment. Muscle function tests, body composition analysis, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, western blotting, immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry, histology, enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction were performed. Co‐immunoprecipitation assays were employed to investigate the interaction between STING and NLRP3.ResultsSTING expression was elevated in the gastrocnemius muscle (GM) tissues of WT diabetic mice. STING‐deficient diabetic mice exhibited pronounced hyperglycaemia accompanied by hypoinsulinaemia, with no significant difference compared with WT diabetic mice. However, STING‐deficient diabetic mice demonstrated a significantly increased body weight and lean mass. A significant decrease in muscle weight, myofibrillar diameter and area, muscle function, and the expression of genes related to muscle atrophy (MuRF1, Atrogin1) were observed in WT diabetic mice, which was mitigated in STING‐deficient diabetic mice. STING deficiency reduced the number of GSDMD‐N formed pores and pyroptosis‐related components (NLRP3, caspase‐1, cle‐caspase‐1, GSDMD, and GSDMD‐N) in the GM tissues and was associated with a reduction in inflammatory chemokines. Similar changes were observed in vitro with glucose‐induced myotube atrophy and pyroptosis as seen in vivo. Activation of STING by the agonist diABZI exacerbated muscle atrophy and pyroptosis in C2C12 myotubes. Co‐localization of STING and NLRP3 was observed, and the interaction between STING and NLRP3 was enhanced in GM tissues from WT diabetic mice. We also found that STING could activate NLRP3 dependent on its channel activity, which can be attenuated by treated with C53 (an inhibitor of STING's ion‐channel function).ConclusionsIn conclusion, our results indicate that STING‐induced activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome leads to pyroptosis, resulting in muscle atrophy and dysfunction. These findings not only elucidate the mechanism of STING‐induced pyroptosis but also identify STING as a potential therapeutic target for diabetic myopathy.
Detection and Characterization of Multidimensional Information of Adipocyte Model Based on AFM‐Raman
Authors: Zhang Yuchi , Song Zhengxun , Qu Kaige , Sun Peishuang , Li Lifang , Hu Jing , Wang Zuobin 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTExcessive accumulation of white adipose tissue leads to metabolic disorders, and the excessive differentiation of preadipocytes into white adipocytes is one of the contributing factors to obesity. The browning of white adipocytes has been regarded as a promising therapeutic strategy. To analyze the origins and potential solutions for obesity from a fundamental perspective, we employed atomic force microscopy, and Raman confocal microscopy to investigate and characterize multidimensional information regarding the differentiation process of 3 T3‐L1 preadipocyte models into white adipocytes and their subsequent browning into beige adipocytes. The results from atomic force microscopy indicated that during the differentiation of preadipocytes into mature white adipocytes, there was an increase in cell height, a decrease in length, and a transformation in shape from fibroblast‐like morphology to spherical form. Additionally, Young's modulus, stiffness, and adhesion decreased throughout this process. Following browning, cells maintained their spherical shape but exhibited reduced height compared to white adipocytes; lipid droplet decomposition resulted in increased surface roughness. Raman spectroscopy studies revealed that preadipocytes lacked specific lipid peaks; however, as they differentiated into white adipocytes, peak Raman signals transitioned from weak to sharp. After browning occurred, lipid peak signals became sparse and dispersed. Furthermore, by calibrating temperature standard curves based on water molecule hydrogen‐oxygen stretching bands, it was found that beige adipocytes possess thermogenic capabilities. Based on Segment Anything Model for lipid droplet segmentation and color clustering 3D K‐Means point cloud analysis: White adipocyte lipid droplets aggregated with deeper coloration post‐staining appearing duller; conversely, beige adipocyte coloration appeared lighter and brighter with more clusters present within the clustering point cloud. In summary, this study provides a novel method for multidimensional detection and characterization through an interdisciplinary approach combining cellular biology with physical chemistry.
Dealing with Missing Angular Sections in NanoCT Reconstructions of Low Contrast Polymeric Samples Employing a Mechanical In Situ Loading Stage
Authors: Debastiani Rafaela , Kurpiers Chantal Miriam , Lemma Enrico Domenico , Breitung Ben , Bastmeyer Martin , Schwaiger Ruth , Gumbsch Peter 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTWhile in situ experiments are gaining importance for the (mechanical) assessment of metamaterials or materials with complex microstructures, imaging conditions in such experiments are often challenging. The lab‐based computed tomography system Xradia 810 Ultra allows for the in situ (time‐lapsed) mechanical testing of samples. However, the in situ loading setup of this system limits the image acquisition angle to 140°. For low contrast polymeric materials, this limited acquisition angle leads to regions of low information gain, thus preventing an accurate reconstruction of the data using a filtered back projection algorithm resulting in erroneous microstructures. Here, we demonstrate how the information gain can be improved by selecting an appropriate position of the sample. A low contrast polymeric tetrahedral microlattice sample and a structured sample with specific markers, both scanned over 140° and 180°, demonstrate that the missing structural details in the 140° reconstruction are limited to an angular wedge of about 20°. Depending on the sample geometry and microstructure, applying simple strategies for the in situ experiments allows accurate reconstruction of the data. For the tetrahedral microlattice, a simple rotation of the sample by 90° rotates all relevant surfaces by about 30° to the original illumination direction, creating a more even X‐ray illumination for all the projections, thus providing enough X‐ray absorption for an accurate reconstruction of the geometry.
Effect of Dentin Bio‐Modifiers Grape Seed Extract, Hesperidin on Shear Bond Strength and Microleakage: A Scanning Electron Microscopic Assessment
Authors: Al Wadei Mohammed Hussain Dafer , Qasim Muhammad , Alsaeed Ali Y. , Alshehri Faisal Hasan , Abrar Eisha 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTInvestigation of different collagen cross‐linking (CCL) agents, grape seed extract (GSE), Hesperidin (Hes), and rose bengal photosensitizer (RBP) on shear bond strength (SBS) and marginal leakage (ML) of composite bonded to carious affected dentin (CAD). Sixty‐eight human molars in which carious lesions up to the middle third of the dentin were included. CAD was made flat followed by acid etching. Teeth were allocated randomly into four groups based on the application of CCL agents. Group 1: no CCL agent, Groups 2–4 samples treated with CCL agents. Bonding of adhesive and composite was performed followed by artificial aging. ML assessment was performed using a dye penetration test. SBS was evaluated using a universal testing machine followed by failure mode analysis. Analysis of the resin CAD interface with SEM was performed to identify the resin tag. For group comparisons, one‐way ANOVA and post hoc Tukey test were used. The length and number of resin tags in GSE and Hes groups were greater than in the control and RBP. Furthermore, samples treated with GSE presented the highest scores of SBS and lowest ML. The control group presented the lowest bond integrity and highest ML. GSE and Hes positively influenced both SBS and ML.