bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A portable fast neutron radiography system for non-destructive analysis of composite materials
Authors: Kam Erol , Reyhancan Iskender A. , Biyik Recep 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Depending on the neutron energy used, neutron radiography can be generally categorized as fast and thermal neutron radiography. Fast neutron radiography (FNR) with neutron energy more than 1 MeV opens up a new range of possibilities for a non-destructive examination when the inspected object is thick or dense. Other traditional techniques, such as X-ray, gamma ray and thermal neutron radiography, do not meet penetration capabilities of FNR in this area. Because of these distinctive features, this technique is used in different industrial applications such as security (cargo investigation for contraband such as narcotics, explosives and illicit drugs), gas/liquid flow and mixing and radiography and tomography of encapsulated heavy shielded low Z compound materials. The FNR images are produced directly during exposure as neutrons create recoil protons, which activate a scintillator screen, allowing images to be collected with a computer-controlled charge-coupled device camera. Finally, the picture can be saved on a computer for image processing. The aim of this research was to set up a portable FN R system and to test it for use in non-destructive testing of different composite materials. Experiments were carried out by using a fast portative neutron generator Thermo Scientific MP 320.
New species of Capronia (Herpotrichiellaceae, Ascomycota) from Patagonian forests, Argentina
Authors: Sánchez Romina Magalí , Miller Andrew Nicholas , Bianchinotti María Virginia 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThree new species belonging to Capronia are described from plants native to the Andean Patagonian forests, Argentina. The first record of C. chlorospora in South America is also reported. The identity of the three new species is based on detailed morpho-anatomical observations as well as analyses of ITS and LSU nuclear rDNA. A key to the Capronia species present in Argentina is provided.
The discovery of Neolentinus cirrhosus (Gloeophyllales, Basidiomycota) in the Neotropics
Authors: Wartchow Felipe 
Published: July 2019

AbstractNeolentinus is a brown-rot genus (order Gloeophyllales) rarely found in the Neotropics. The only known species in the region is N. cyatiformis, reported from Argentina. This paper reports the discovery of a second species of Neolentinus in the Neotropics: N. cirrhosus. The species has a set of unique characteristics: lentinoid habit, squamulose pileus with ciliate/pilose margin, decurrent lamellae, small basidiospore size, and habitat on sand, with soil-incrusted sclerotium. The species is described, illustrated and discussed.
O discurso político da extrema-direita brasileira na atualidade
Authors: Morais Argus Romero Abreu de 
Published: July 2019

no presente estudo, propomo-nos a investigar a organização interdiscursiva, argumentativa e metafórica do discurso político da extrema-direita brasileira na atualidade. Para tanto, analisaremos o voto do deputado federal Jair Bolsonaro (PSC-RJ) na Câmara dos Deputados, no dia 17 de abril de 2016, e três enunciados publicados em seu perfil no Facebook. Nesse intuito, na primeira seção, definiremos o que entendemos por discurso político da extrema-direita brasileira na atualidade; na segunda, caracterizaremos tal discurso na interface entre interação discordante e discurso intolerante; na terceira, discorreremos sobre a categoria de metáforas emergentes distribuídas; por fim, na quarta, avaliaremos o corpus selecionado.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Discurso político. Extrema-direita brasileira. Argumentação. Interação discordante. Discurso intolerante. Metáforas emergentes distribuídas.
Akibat Hukum Berlakunya Putusan MK Nomor 18/PUU/V/2007 Terhadap Usulan DPR Dalam Pembentukan Pengadilan Ham Ad Hoc
Authors: Nugraha Xavier , Madina Maulia , Dika Ulfa Septian 
Published: July 2019

<div><p>Artikel ini merupakan kajian konseptual terkait usulan DPR sebagai langkah awal dalam pembentukan Pengadilan HAM <em>Ad Hoc</em>. Dalam penjelasan Pasal 43 ayat (2) Undang-Undang Nomor 26 Tahun 2000 Tentang Pengadilan Hak Asasi Manusia, dijelaskan bahwa usulan DPR tersebut didasarkan pada dugaan telah terjadinya pelanggaran HAM berat yang <em>locus</em> dan <em>tempus delicti</em>nya terjadi sebelum diundangkannya Undang-Undang Pengadilan Hak Asasi Manusia. Frasa dugaan dalam penjelasan tersebut menimbulkan problematika karena melakukan dugaan tersebut adalah fungsi penyelidikan sesuai Pasal 1 angka 5 Undang-Undang Nomor 26 Tahun 2000. DPR seolah menjalankan fungsi untuk melakukan penyelidikan dalam yang seharusnya merupakan kewenangan Komnas HAM sesuai Pasal 18 Undang-Undang Nomor 26 Tahun 2000. Hal ini tumpang tindih kewenangan DPR dan Komnas HAM. Pasca Putusan MK Nomor 18/PUU/V/2007, DPR wajib untuk mengajukan usulan pengadilan HAM <em>Ad Hoc</em> , setalah adanya dugaan pelanggaran HAM berat sebelum diundangkannya Undang-Undang Pengadilan Hak Asasi Manusia oleh Komnas HAM</p><em> This article is a conceptual study related to the House of Representatives proposal as an initial step in the establishment of the Ad Hoc Human Rights Court. In the explanation of Article 43 paragraph (2) of Law Number 26 Year 2000 concerning the Human Rights Court, it was explained that the House of Representatives proposal was based on the alleged occurrence of gross human rights violations that had locus and temporal delays before the promulgation of the Human Rights Court Law. The alleged phrase in the explanation raises a problem because making such an assumption is a function of investigation in accordance with Article 1 number 5 of Act Number 26 of 2000. The House of Representatives seems to carry out a function to conduct investigations which should be the authority of the National Human Rights Commission in accordance with Article 18 of Law Number 26 Year 2000. This authoriy overlaps the authority of the DPR and the National Human Rights Commission. After the Constitutional Court Decision Number 18 / PUU / V / 2007, the House of Representatives was obliged to submit an Ad Hoc Human Rights court proposal, following the alleged gross human rights violations before the promulgation of the Human Rights Court Law by the National Commission of Human Rights</em></div>
Ordu kenti kıyı rekreasyon alanlarında yer alan donatı elemanları üzerine bir araştırma
Authors: YEŞİL Pervin , ŞATIROĞLU Elif 
Published: July 2019

Donatı elemanları kentsel mekanların vazgeçilmez
öğelerinden olup, onlara anlam ve işlev kazandıran unsurlardır. Bu çalışmada
Ordu kent merkezini doğudan batıya kateden ve kentin en önemli rekreasyon
alanlarını bünyesinde barındıran kıyısal alan kullanımları içerisinde yer alan
donatı elemanları incelenmiştir. Bu kapsamda 280 kullanıcı ile birebir anket
çalışması yürütülmüştür. Anket çalışmasında kullanıcıların donatı elemanlarını
işlevsellik, sağlamlık, estetik, güvenlik, bakım, kullanım rahatlığı, çevreye
uyum ve kent imajına katkı kriterleri açısından değerlendirmeleri istenmiştir.
Çalışma sonucunda kullanıcıların Genel Memnuniyet Düzeyleri ‘orta-iyi’ olarak
tespit edilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda elde edilen veriler ışığında öneriler
sunulmuştur.
Pengaruh Jenis Larutan Perendaman Terhadap Sifat Fisik dan Organoleptik Keripik Kulit Ubi Kayu
Authors: Tetelepta Gilian , Souripet Agustina , Somalay Mary O N 
Published: July 2019

Cassava peel has high nutrient content and has the opportunity to be processed into chips. Processing of cassava peel chips requires soaking treatment to produce a crisper texture. The purpose of this study was determining the right type of soaking solution to produce the best cassava peel chips. The result showed that the immersion treatment with CaCO3 solution produced chips with the best physical properties having the hygroscopic value, absorption capacity, expansion volume of 0.105g, 12.95%, and 10,05%, respectively. Organoleptically the chips were liked for its task (2.30), somewhat like for its colour (2.47) texture were liked (2.53) and overall the chips were liked (2.50) by panelist. The chips were also having a brown colour (3.03) and a crispy texture (3.13).
Keywords: cassava peel, chips, soaking solution

ABSTRAK
Kulit ubi kayu memiliki kandungan gizi yang tinggi dan berpeluang untuk diolah menjadi keripik. Pengolahan keripik kulit ubi kayu memerlukan perlakuan perendaman agar menghasilkan tekstur yang lebih renyah. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menentukan jenis larutan perendaman yang tepat untuk menghasilkan keripik kulit ubi kayu terbaik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan perendaman dengan larutan CaCO3 menghasilkan sifat fisik keripik terbaik dengan nilai higroskopis 0,105g, daya serap 12,95%, volume pengembangan 10,05 % dan berdasarkan uji hedonik menunjukkan rasa suka (2,50), warna agak suka (2,47), tekstur suka (2,53) dan overall suka (2,50) sedangkan untuk uji mutu hedonik menunjukkan warna coklat (3,03) dan tekstur renyah (3,13).
Kata kunci: keripik, kulit ubi kayu, larutan perendam
سياسة الولايات المتحدة الاميركية تجاه تشيلي 1964- 1968
Authors: كاظم حاجم ايمن 
Published: July 2019

يتناول البحث سياسة الولايات المتحدة الاميركية تجاه جمهورية تشيلي خلال المدة 1964-1968 , وهي مدة حكم الرئيس الاميركي ليندون جونسون , مسلطاً الباحث الضوء على مجريات تلك السياسة التي سعت من خلالها الولايات المتحدة الاميركية لتامين مصالحها في تشيلي وتقويض النفوذ الشيوعي فيها , وما السبل والآليات والإجراءات التي اتبعتها الادارة الاميركية في اطار تحقيق تلك الاهداف , والتي تنوعت بين التدخل في الشأن الداخلي وتأييد ودعم القوى الموالية والحليفه لها لتصل الى دفة الحكم من خلال التلاعب بنتائج الانتخابات وتوجيهها نحو المسار الذي رسمته مسبقاً وبين الدعم المالي والسياسي لتلك القوى من اجل الحفاظ على الاستقرار السياسي لتمكنها من تحييد قوى اليسار.
Outcome of Dual 90-90 Plating in Intercondylar Fractures of Distal Humerus in Adults
Authors: Shrestha Dinesh , Shrestha Merina 
Published: July 2019

Background: Intercondylar fracture of distal humerus are very difficult to manage. It needs proper anatomic reconstruction and rigid fixation.
Aims and Objectives of study: Evaluation of outcome of dual bicolumnar 90-90 plating of AO type 13C fractures of distalhumerus in adult.
Material and method: In a prospective hospital based study on 16 patients with a mean age of 33.37 years ± SD8.30, who presented with intercondylar fracture of distal hummers were studied between July 2015 to December 2017. All patients were graded according to AO classification. Out of 16 patients 5 were in 13C1, 6 were in 13C2 and 5 were in 13C3 subgroup. All patients underwent open reduction through Chevron olecranon osteotomy and fixation was done with dual plating in 90-90 fashioni.e.; 3.5 reconstruction plate posterior and 1/3 tubular plate from medial border. We used the Mayo elbow performance score system for evaluating our results.
Results: The mean follow up period was 9.38 months. All fractures healed uneventfully. Two of five patients with 13C3 fractures and two of six patients with 13C2 fractures has flexion deformity of less than 30*. Average range of motion was 95*(range 60*-130*). The Mayo elbow performance score was excellent in 7, good in 7 and fair in 2 patients.
Conclusion: Dual 90-90 plating technique through Chevron olecranon osteotomy is a good method for intercondylar reconstruction with rigid fixation like AO 13C fractures.
Association between Psoriasis and Obesity
Authors: Pandey Sumit , Jha Smita , B.K Shyam Kumar , B.K. Shyam Kumar , Pokharel Kumar 
Published: July 2019

Background: Psoriasis is primarily a chronic skin disease, the course being punctuated by remissions and relapses. Research has shown that hypertension, obesity, heart failure and diabetes are significantly more common in patients with psoriasis. Obesity is associated with severe psoriasis and is reported about twice as frequently among psoriasis patients as in the general population. In recent years many reports have demonstrated an association between psoriasis and metabolic syndrome.
Objectives: The aim of this study was to identify the prevalence of obesity in patients with psoriasis and compare it with that of non-psoriatic population.
Material and Method: This study is a case control hospital based study conducted in the Department of Dermatology, Venereologyand Leprology of Nepalgunj Medical College Teaching Hospital, Kohalpur between May 2017 to October 2018.Total 56 cases of psoriasis and similar number of healthy age and sex matched controls were enrolled in the study after taking written consent. Detailed history and physical examination was performed with measurement of body mass index which was recorded. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS 20.
Result: The results of the study which included 56 patients with psoriasis and 56 subjects without psoriasis. Among them 26 male and 30 female in study population and 25 male and 31 female in control group. The mean age was41.68±19.04 years in study population and 39.46 ±16.27 years in control group. Duration of disease ranged from 2 months to 360months and PASI score ranged from 4.4 to 28.2 with mean PASI score 11.02±5.4. BMI in cases ranged from 16.7 to 34.2 with mean24.3±4.3 and in controls it ranged from 15.5 to 29.1 with mean 21.9±3. Mean BMI was significantly higher in cases than controls.
Conclusion: The result of this study supports the significantly higher prevalence of obesity in study population than control group.
Visceral Leishmaniasis (Kala-azar) in Nepalgunj Medical College
Authors: B.K. Shyam Kumar , Bassi S. D. , Baral S. , Shah A. , Dhakal A. 
Published: July 2019

Background: Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) or Kala-azar is a potentially fatal vector-borne (sand fly phlebotomies spp) zoonotic disease caused by a protozoan parasite, Leishmaniadonovani. Kala-azar remains a public health problem in Nepal. The patient presented with a history of high-grade fever, abdominal distension, anemia, and weight loss. The disease is preventable, but various environmental, socioeconomic, health care and health behavior related variables affect its transmission.
Objective: Find out the incidence of Kala-azar infection in Nepalgunj medical college.
Method: This Hospital based study. Data was collected from April 2018to August 2018. Blood sample collected and test rk39 performed in laboratory of Nepalgunj Medical College Kohalpur.
Result: Among 75 patients 16 were diagnosed kala-azar, rk39 positive 14 males and 2 females respectively. It is 12% of total cases. Among 16cases male are 14 and 2 are females. 85.7% male and 12.3% female. Age group between 15-30 years (31.25%), 31-45 years (25%), 46-60 years(18.75%), 61-75 years (12.5%), 76-85 years (12.5%). young people's age group 15-30 years are commonly infected.
Conclusion: Visceral leishmaniasis (kala-azar) cases are still major health problem in Nepal. There should be regular surveillance research work to be carried out in both epidemic and non-epidemic districts of the country. Mass public health education, to make the people aware about preventive aspects of the disease is important.
Does index level sagittal alignment determine adjacent level disc height loss?
Authors: Snowden Ryan , Miller Justin , Saidon Tome , Smucker Joseph D. , Riew K. Daniel , Sasso Rick 
Published: July 2019

OBJECTIVEThe authors sought to compare the effect of index level sagittal alignment on cephalad radiographic adjacent segment pathology (RASP) in patients undergoing cervical total disc arthroplasty (TDA) or anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF).METHODSThis was a retrospective study of prospectively collected radiographic data from 79 patients who underwent TDA or ACDF and were enrolled and followed prospectively at two centers in a multicenter FDA investigational device exemption trial of the Bryan cervical disc prosthesis used for arthroplasty. Neutral lateral radiographs were obtained pre- and postoperatively and at 1, 2, 4, and up to 7 years following surgery. The index level Cobb angle was measured both pre- and postoperatively. Cephalad disc degeneration was determined by a previously described measurement of the disc height/anteroposterior (AP) distance ratio.RESULTSSixty-eight patients (n = 33 ACDF; n = 35 TDA) had complete radiographs and were included for analysis. Preoperatively, there was no difference in the index level Cobb angle between the ACDF and TDA patients. Postoperatively, the ACDF patients had a larger segment lordosis compared to the TDA patients (p = 0.002). Patients who had a postoperative kyphotic Cobb angle were more likely to have undergone TDA (p = 0.01). A significant decrease in the disc height/AP distance ratio occurred over time (p = 0.035), by an average of 0.01818 at 84 months. However, this decrease was not influenced by preoperative alignment, postoperative alignment, or type of surgery.CONCLUSIONSIn this cohort of patients undergoing TDA and ACDF, the authors found that preoperative and postoperative sagittal alignment have no effect on RASP at follow-up of at least 7 years. They identified time as the only significant factor affecting RASP.
Development of a postoperative ileus risk assessment scale: identification of intraoperative opioid exposure as a significant predictor after spinal surgery
Authors: Gifford Connor , Minnema Amy J. , Baum Justin , Humeidan Michelle L. , Vazquez Daniel E. , Farhadi H. Francis 
Published: July 2019

OBJECTIVEPostoperative ileus (POI) is associated with abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and delayed mobilization that in turn lead to diminished patient satisfaction, increased hospital length of stay (LOS), and increased healthcare costs. In this study, the authors developed a risk assessment scale to predict the likelihood of developing POI following spinal surgery.METHODSThe authors undertook a retrospective review of a prospectively maintained registry of consecutive patients who underwent arthrodesis/fusion surgeries between May 2013 and December 2017. They extracted clinical information, including cumulative intraoperative and postoperative opioid doses using standardized converted morphine milligram equivalent (MME) values. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed and several categorical and continuous variables were evaluated in a binary logistic regression model built with backward elimination to assess for independent predictors. A points-based prediction model was developed and validated to determine the risk of POI.RESULTSA total of 334 patients who underwent spinal fusion surgeries were included. Fifty-six patients (16.8%) developed POI, more frequently in those who underwent long-segment surgeries compared to short-segment surgeries (33.3% vs 10.4%; p < 0.001). POI was associated with an increased LOS when compared with patients who did not develop POI (8.0 ± 4.5 days vs 4.4 ± 2.4 days; p < 0.01). The incidences of liver disease (16% vs 3.7%; p = 0.01) and substance abuse history (12.0% vs 3.2%; p = 0.04) were higher in POI patients than non-POI patients undergoing short-segment surgeries. While the incidences of preoperative opioid intake (p = 0.23) and cumulative 24-hour (87.7 MME vs 73.2 MME; p = 0.08) and 72-hour (225.6 MME vs 221.4 MME; p = 0.87) postoperative opioid administration were not different, remifentanil (3059.3 µg vs 1821.5 µg; p < 0.01) and overall intraoperative opioid (326.7 MME vs 201.7 MME; p < 0.01) dosing were increased in the POI group. The authors derived a multivariate model based on the 5 most significant factors predictive of POI (number of surgical levels, intraoperative MME, liver disease, age, and history of substance abuse) and calculated relative POI risks using a derived 32-point system.CONCLUSIONSIntraoperative opioid administration, incorporated in a comprehensive risk assessment scale, represents an early and potentially modifiable predictor of POI. These data indicate that potential preventive strategies, implemented as part of enhanced recovery after surgery protocols, could be instituted in the preoperative phase of care to reduce POI incidence.
Caso Pacheco Léon y otros vs. Honduras
Authors: De Derechos Humanos Corte Interamericana 
Published: July 2019

El 23 de noviembre de 2001, poco antes de la medianoche, cuando Ángel Pacheco León estaba ingresando a su domicilio junto a su hijo Jimy, un hombre corrió hacia ellos, evitó que cerraran la puerta y disparó varias veces con un arma de fuego, produciendo la muerte del señor Pacheco León. Al momento de su fallecimiento Ángel Pacheco León era candidato, en el departamento de Valle, a primer diputado por el Partido Nacional de Honduras.
El análisis económico y presupuestario en las Cortes Generales. Un continuo proceso de adaptación
Authors: Andrés Jovani Juan Manuel 
Published: July 2019

La Constitución Española de 1978 estableció las bases del estado social y de una hacienda pública moderna. Desde entonces, la función económica del parlamento se ha visto sometida un continuo proceso de transformación que ha afectado tanto al control de la política económica en general como al ejercicio de sus competencias específicas en el procedimiento presupuestario. Por un lado, el crecimiento del gasto público requirió la modernización del presupuesto para asegurar un adecuado control de las finanzas públicas. Por otro, el doble proceso de descentralización autonómica e integración europea ha obligado a desarrollar mecanismos de coordinación entre todos los niveles de gobierno para garantizar la estabilidad presupuestaria.
En este artículo, se realiza un recorrido por el proceso de adaptación que han llevado a cabo los servicios de estudios y análisis económico y presupuestario en el Congreso para ofrecer, con los medios disponibles, un apoyo técnico a las específicas funciones parlamentarias en la tramitación de los Presupuestos Generales del Estado y una información completa, objetiva y sistemática sobre el ciclo presupuestario y la ejecución presupuestaria en su conjunto. Más recientemente, la política presupuestaria, ordenada en torno al Semestre Europeo, ha ido abarcando ámbitos cada vez más amplios de la política económica, y las instituciones europeas reclaman una mayor implicación de los parlamentos nacionales en la gobernanza económica, apoyados en el principio de transparencia y en unos medios técnicos suficientes.
Protocolo y Cortes Generales
Authors: Boyra Amposta Helena , Blasco Pedrajas Susana 
Published: July 2019

A tenor del artículo 66 de la Constitución, las Cortes representan al pueblo español, en el que recae la soberanía de la que emanan los poderes del Estado (artículo 1.2 de la Constitución). De ahí que la posición protocolaria de las autoridades parlamentarias, y especialmente en las ceremonias celebradas en el Congreso o en el Senado, simboliza siempre la presencia de la ciudadanía en su conjunto y merece ser organizada de forma que se haga visible esa centralidad, la pluralidad inherente, y la preeminencia que corresponda en cada caso con otras autoridades concurrentes.
Dividiendo la presentación en tres partes: las personas, las solemnidades y los símbolos; nos proponemos analizar sucesivamente la colocación de las autoridades, así como los actos más relevantes en los que queda plasmada su posición constitucional, para concluir con unos apuntes sobre los símbolos que acompañan al ceremonial parlamentario.
La evolución experimentada en estos cuarenta años viene dada por el contexto histórico en el que las distintas ceremonias y actos oficiales tienen lugar, en los que tradición y costumbre se conjugan con razones de oportunidad y equilibrio entre las distintas fuerzas políticas representadas.
La victoriosa llegada de la democracia (conferencia inédita en español)
Authors: Mann Thomas 
Published: July 2019

En esta conferencia impartida en la primavera de 1938 en su gira por los Estados Unidos, Thomas Mann advierte contra los hechizos del fascismo y hace una llamada a redefinir el liberalismo con miras al triunfo de la democracia, única forma de gobierno que respeta la dignidad inherente al ser humano.