bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The protective role of gamma zone peripapillary atrophy in diabetic retinopathy: insights from deep learning and SS-OCT angiography
Authors: Li Yingying , Hu Xinxin , Ye Xueqiong , Zhong Qingya , Zhang Xixi , Zhu Jinglin , Jiang Jiahui , Wang Dandan , Zhang Juntao , Ren Weina , Zhao Yitian , Lu Qinkang , Zhao Na 
Published: December 2024

PurposeTo explore the relationship between peripapillary atrophy (PPA) and diabetic retinopathy (DR), and to uncover potential mechanisms using swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) angiography.MethodsThis cross-sectional study included 845 patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM), who underwent detailed systemic and ophthalmic evaluations. A state-of-the-art deep learning method was employed to precisely identify the parapapillary beta and gamma zones. Based on PPA characteristics, eyes were categorized into four groups: without beta or gamma zone (Group A), isolated beta zone (Group B), isolated gamma zone (Group C), and with both beta and gamma zone (Group D). Digital fundus photography was utilized to diagnose and stage DR severity, while SS-OCT angiography quantified retinal and choroidal vasculature.ResultsParticipants had a mean age of 66 ± 8.8 years, with 437 (51.7%) male. Beta and gamma PPA zones were observed in 574 (67.9%) and 256 (30.3%) eyes, respectively. Beta zone PPA was associated with older age, whereas gamma zone PPA was correlated with longer axial length (AL), lower vessel density, and reduced choroidal thickness. Adjusted analyses revealed that eyes with isolated (Group C) or concurrent (Group D) gamma zone PPA conferred significantly lower DR grade, independent of known risk factors including systemic diabetes risk factors and AL.ConclusionThis study finds that gamma zone PPA is linked to a reduced risk of developing DR. These results imply that the gamma zone may reflect progressive myopia-associated thinning and microvascular depletion in posterior ocular tissues, potentially contributing to structural resilience against DR. This novel insight offers a promising avenue for understanding the interplay between PPA and DR.
Utilization of satellite data in determining hydropower potential to support energy security in new capital city region of Indonesia
Authors: Kuntoro Arno Adi , Roesbianto Azman Syah Barran , Farid Mohammad , Kardhana Hadi , Rohmat Faizal Immaddudin Wira , Rizaldi Akbar , Kusuma Muhammad Syahril Badri , Adityawan Mohammad Bagus , Wahid Ahmad Nur 
Published: December 2024

The relocation of the national capital from DKI Jakarta to the East Kalimantan region and its people migration requires energy escalation. This project will require an additional 1,555 MW of electricity from existing conditions. In line with Indonesia's clean energy transition, this need can be addressed by developing renewable energy infrastructure, particularly hydropower. This study evaluates the hydropower potential in the Mahakam River using a run-of-river scheme. Given the limited availability of hydro-climatological ground stations, satellite data such as CFSR-TRMM, SRTM DEM, DSMW, and land-cover data were utilized, supported by the SWAT rainfall-runoff model for hydrological analysis. Data calibration was applied, and discharge results were analyzed using a new diversion algorithm to estimate potential power output. Innovative resampling of headrace arrangements was introduced to mitigate potential hydropower conflict sites. Social factors, including protected areas and water transportation routes, were also incorporated to minimize land disputes. The study identified 25 mini-hydropower sites and 16 micro-hydropower sites with a total capacity of 105.4 MW and 9 MW, respectively. These small-scale hydropower systems could supply 3.4% of the projected electricity demand for the new capital city called Nusantara (IKN), and potentially reduce annual carbon emissions by approximately 480,000 tons. The use of satellite data requires meticulous attention to ensure that data acquisition and processing yield reliable results while accurately reflecting field conditions. This research position also provides an initial overview of energy transition strategies in the IKN area through hydropower development and the subsequent potential assessment.
Green finance innovation and carbon neutrality strategies: sustainable development pathways and policy frameworks
Authors: Dong Xueqin , Dong Dongdong , Yu Qing 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionThis paper analyzes the influence of green finance innovation on the green innovation ability of Shanxi Huangtupo Coal Industry Group Co., Ltd.MethodsBy constructing a fixed-effect model. This study uses the number of green patent applications by enterprises as indicator to measure green innovation, with the green finance development index as a key explanatory variable, while controlling for other factors such as asset-liability ratio and listing time.ResultsThe results show that there is a significant positive correlation between green finance innovation and the green innovation of enterprises, indicating that the development of green finance has effectively promoted the green technology innovation in enterprises, which helps to achieve carbon neutrality.DiscussionThe study provides a reference for policymakers to promote the development of lowcarbon economy through financial policies. Linking green finance innovation with the green innovation capabilities of specific high emission sector enterprises provides new insights into the role of green finance in promoting enterprise carbon neutrality.
Identification of potential biomarkers from amino acid transporter in the activation of hepatic stellate cells via bioinformatics
Authors: Zhao Yingying , Xu Xueqing , Cai Huaiyang , Wu Wenhong , Wang Yingwei , Huang Cheng , Qin Heping , Mo Shuangyang 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundThe etiopathogenesis of hepatic stellate cells (HSC) activation has yet to be completely comprehended, and there has been broad concern about the interplay between amino acid transporter and cell proliferation. This study proposed exploring the molecular mechanism from amino acid transport-related genes in HSC activation by bioinformatic methods, seeking to identify the potentially crucial biomarkers.MethodsGSE68000, the mRNA expression profile dataset of activated HSC, was applied as the training dataset, and GSE67664 as the validation dataset. Differently expressed amino acid transport-related genes (DEAATGs), GO, DO, and KEGG analyses were utilized. We applied the protein-protein interaction analysis and machine learning of LASSO and random forests to identify the target genes. Moreover, single-gene GESA was executed to investigate the potential functions of target genes via the KEGG pathway terms. Then, a ceRNA network and a drug-gene interaction network were constructed. Ultimately, correlation analysis was explored between target genes and collagen alpha I (COL1A), alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), and immune checkpoints.ResultsWe identified 15 DEAATGs, whose enrichment analyses indicated that they were primarily enriched in the transport and metabolic process of amino acids. Moreover, two target genes (SLC7A5 and SLC1A5) were recognized from the PPI network and machine learning, confirmed through the validation dataset. Then single-gene GESA analysis revealed that SLC7A5 and SLC1A5 had a significant positive correlation to ECM−receptor interaction, cell cycle, and TGF−β signaling pathway and negative association with retinol metabolism conversely. Furthermore, the mRNA expression of target genes was closely correlated with the COL1A and α-SMA, as well as immune checkpoints. Additionally, 12 potential therapeutic drugs were in the drug-gene interaction network, and the ceRNA network was constructed and visualized.ConclusionSLC7A5 and SLC1A5, with their relevant molecules, could be potentially vital biomarkers for the activation of HSC.
Cerebral schistosomiasis in a 3-year-old girl due to Schistosoma japonicum: a case report
Authors: Guo Yangyang , Zhang Jindong , Chai Ruichao , Yang Yanlin , Tian Kaibing , Shi Guangzhi , Zhang Linlin 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionCerebral schistosomiasis is a rare but severe manifestation of Schistosoma japonicum infection, often leading to significant neurological impairment. This case report details the clinical presentation, diagnostic challenges, and treatment of a 3-year-old girl with cerebral schistosomiasis in Sichuan, China.Case descriptionA 3-year-old girl from a rural area in Sichuan, China, presented with a 3-month history of unstable walking, left facial paralysis, drowsiness, and intermittent fever. Brain MRI revealed giant polycystic lesions in the right temporal, parietal, and occipital lobes, suggestive of an abscess with ependymitis. Despite no history of travel to endemic areas or known freshwater exposure, the patient was diagnosed with cerebral schistosomiasis due to Schistosoma japonicum based on histological examination and metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) of brain tissue obtained through surgery. The patient underwent surgical resection of the lesions and received two courses of praziquantel combined with corticosteroids and anticonvulsants. Despite residual left-sided hemiplegia, her cognitive function remained comparable to that of her peers, and no recurrence of the disease was observed over three years of follow-up.ConclusionThis case underscores the diagnostic challenges of cerebral schistosomiasis, particularly in non-endemic areas or in the absence of a clear history of freshwater exposure. Early surgical intervention combined with praziquantel treatment can lead to favorable outcomes, even in severe cases with extensive brain involvement.
Mosquito-borne diseases in urban East African Community region: a scoping review of urban typology research and mosquito genera overlap, 2000-2024
Authors: Joseph Noel K. , Mumo Eda , Morlighem Camille , Macharia Peter M. , Snow Robert W. , Linard Catherine 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundGrowing concerns about mosquito-borne diseases (MBDs) in urban settings have prompted renewed urgency for collaborative and active mosquito surveillance programs. This literature review collates entomological data from five East African Community (EAC) countries, studying the definitions of urban settings, co-occurrence of Anopheles, Aedes and Culex mosquito genera and their infection rates to provide a wholistic understanding of MBDs in urban EAC.MethodsA literature search following the PRISMA-ScR guidelines was conducted in EMBASE, MEDLINE, PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus databases to identify entomological studies conducted in urban and peri-urban settings since 2000. Data on urban and peri-urban settings definitions, presence records and infection rates of Aedes, Culex and Anopheles mosquitoes were compiled and presented.ResultsA hundred and five articles were included in the review. Diverse definitions of urban landscapes emerged, emphasizing (i) distinct characteristics for dichotomous delineation from rural settings (e.g., population density) and (ii) urban-peri-urban continuum integrating spatial variations in urban features associated with MBDs (e.g., planned/unplanned neighbourhoods). Mosquito ecology data derived from 88 sites, comprising 45 urban, 25 peri-urban, 14 mixed settings and four slums, reported 91 mosquito species, including 32% Culex, 31% Aedes, and 25% Anopheles genera. Other co-occurring genera, such as Coquillettidia and Mansonia, represented 12% between 2000 and 2024. Intricate co-occurrence patterns among Aedes, Culex and Anopheles genera linked to habitat preference and climatic conditions (temperature and precipitation) were observed. The average infection rates were estimated as 0.8% for yellow fever, 0.9% and 1.1% for urban and peri-urban P. falciparum sporozoites respectfully, 2.7% for Dengue, 5.3% for Chikungunya and 6.02% for flavivirus, indicating co-circulation of arboviruses among mosquito population.ConclusionOur synthesis presents an overview of the complexities of urban MBD research over the past two decades. Integrated assessment of MBDs dynamics in rapidly evolving urban environments is crucial to achieving healthier urban environments in East Africa.Systematic review registrationhttps://osf.io/a6s9j/.
Determination of pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic cutoff values of oxytetracycline in calves and adult cattle using population pharmacokinetic modeling
Authors: Winter Esther A. , Pelligand Ludovic , Toutain Pierre-Louis , Lees Peter , Milanova Aneliya , Gehring Ronette 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionA harmonized clinical breakpoint for interpreting antimicrobial susceptibility testing of oxytetracycline in cattle is currently lacking in Europe. This study aimed to establish a pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) cutoff to propose clinical breakpoints, facilitating reliable interpretation of antimicrobial susceptibility results in cattle.MethodsA meta-analysis of oxytetracycline pharmacokinetic data from 69 cattle was conducted, including 1,730 plasma concentration samples from animals administered 20 mg/kg intramuscularly and/or 20 or 40 mg/kg intravenously. A three-compartment model with two absorption phases was selected, incorporating age as a covariate for clearances and distribution volumes. The PK/PD cutoff was defined as the maximum MIC for which the fAUC/MIC index achieves the pharmacodynamic target in 90% of cattle given the standard dosing regimen. The pharmacodynamic index (PDI) target selected was established to 24 h, i.e., the average free plasma concentration of oxytetracycline over the 24-h dosing interval, under steady-state conditions, is equal to the selected MIC.ResultsSimulations indicated a PK/PD cutoff of 2 mg/L in adult cattle and 1 mg/L in calves for intramuscularly administered long-acting products at 20 mg/kg with a 48-hour efficacy duration. The difference is attributed to higher clearance rates in calves.DiscussionThe established PK/PD cutoffs, when used alongside the wild-type bacterial epidemiological cutoff, can aid in setting clinical breakpoints for oxytetracycline, supporting effective antimicrobial therapy in cattle and accounting for age-related pharmacokinetic differences.
Association between plasma trimethylamine N-oxide and cerebral white matter hyperintensity: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Ji Xiaotan , Zhang Xudong , Zhang Jie , Niu Shenna , Xiao Hui Cong , Chen Hong , Qu Chuanqiang 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundCerebral white matter hyperintensity (WMH) is a pivotal imaging feature of cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD), closely correlated with an elevated risk of ischemic stroke (IS). Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), a metabolite of gut microbiota, is increasingly associated with IS and atherosclerosis. However, the intricate relationship between TMAO and WMH remains ambiguous. This study aimed to study the connection between plasma TMAO and WMH. Furthermore, it assessed the potential of TMAO as a risk evaluation instrument for WMH.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, we categorized WMH into periventricular WMH (P-WMH) and deep WMH (D-WMH), based on its locations. The severity of WMH was assessed and grouped according to the Fazekas scale. Plasma TMAO levels were quantitatively determined. We established the correlation between plasma TMAO levels and WMH severity using a Logistic regression model. Additionally, we employed ROC curves to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of plasma TMAO concentration in distinguishing the severity of WMH.ResultsA higher plasma TMAO tertile was significantly linked to a higher Fazekas score, encompassing the overall score, P-WMH score, and D-WMH score (p &lt; 0.001). A logical regression analysis revealed that plasma TMAO levels were independently associated with overall moderate and severe WMH, compared to overall non-mild WMH, in the unadjusted model (OR = 1.373, 95%CI 1.183–1.594 for moderate; OR = 1.384, 95%CI 1.192–1.607 for severe), the adjusted model a (OR = 1.436, 95%CI 1.214–1.669 for moderate; OR = 1.446, 95%CI 1.222–1.711 for severe) and the adjusted model b (OR = 1.490, 95%CI 1.234–1.800 for moderate; OR = 1.494, 95%CI 1.237–1.805 for severe). The analysis also showed an independent correlation between plasma TMAO levels and WMH severity, irrespective of the unadjusted model, adjusted model a, or adjusted model b, when considering P-WMH and D-WMH severity. The ROC indicated that, in overall WMH and P-WMH, the area under curve (AUC) for non-mild and severe WMH were both&gt;0.5, while the AUC for moderate WMH was&lt;0.5. In contrast, in D-WMH, the AUC for non-mild, moderate, and severe WMH were all&gt;0.5.ConclusionPlasma TMAO levels exhibited a significant correlation with both overall and region-specific WMH severity. Furthermore, the plasma TMAO levels displayed robust predictive capability for D-WMH.
Prognostic value of nomogram model based on clinical risk factors and CT radiohistological features in hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage
Authors: Lu Gui , Zhang Guodong , Zhang Jiaqi , Wang Lixiang , Du Baoshun 
Published: December 2024

ObjectiveTo construct a nomogram model based on clinical risk factors and CT radiohistological features to predict the prognosis of hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage (HICH).MethodsA total of 148 patients with HICH from April 2022 to July 2024 were retrospectively selected as the research subjects. According to the modified Rankin scale at the time of discharge, they were divided into good group (Rankin scale score 0–2) and bad group (Rankin scale score 3–6). To compare the clinical data and the changes of CT radiographic characteristics in patients with different prognosis. Relevant factors affecting the prognosis were analyzed, and nomogram model was established based on the influencing factors. The fitting degree, prediction efficiency and clinical net benefit of the nomogram model were evaluated by calibration curve, ROC curve and clinical decision curve (DCA).ResultsCompared with the good group, the hematoma volume in the poor group was significantly increased, the serum thromboxane 2(TXB2) and lysophosphatidic acid receptor 1(LPAR1) levels were significantly increased, and the energy balance related protein (Adropin) level was significantly decreased. The proportions of irregular shape, promiscuous sign, midline displacement, island sign and uneven density were all significantly increased (p &lt; 0.05). In Logistic multivariate analysis, hematoma volume, Adropin, TXB2, LPAR1 and CT radiological features were all independent factors influencing the poor prognosis of HICH (p &lt; 0.05). A nomogram prediction model was established based on the influencing factors. The calibration curve showed that the C-index was 0.820 (95% CI: 0.799–0.861), the goodness of fit test χ2 = 5.479, and p = 0.391 &gt; 0.05, indicating a high degree of fitting. The ROC curve showed that the AUC was 0.896 (95% CI: 0.817–0.923), indicating that this model had high prediction ability. The DCA curve shows that the net benefit of the nomogram model is higher when the threshold probability is 0.1–0.9.ConclusionThe nomogram prediction model established based on hematoma volume, Adropin, TXB2, LPAR1 and other clinical risk factors as well as CT radiographic characteristics has high accuracy and prediction value in the diagnosis of poor prognosis in patients with HICH.
Total retroperitoneal lipectomy improves prognosis in patients with primary retroperitoneal liposarcoma: a comparative study
Authors: Gao Haicheng , Liu Shibo , Li Wenjie , Zou Boyuan , Miao Chengli 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundRetroperitoneal liposarcoma (RPLS) is the most common soft tissue sarcoma originating in the retroperitoneal space. Although surgery is the standard treatment, recurrence remains frequent. In this study, we aimed to explore the safety and efficacy of total (ipsilateral) retroperitoneal lipectomy (TRL) compared to traditional complete resection (CR) for primary RPLS.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed patients with primary RPLS treated at our center between January 2014 and December 2020. Univariate and multivariable Cox regression analyses assessed the impact of demographic, operative, and clinicopathological variables on recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS). Kaplan-Meier plots illustrated RFS and OS, and the log-rank test compared time-to-event distributions.ResultsA total of 81 patients were included in the final analysis: 37 in the CR group and 44 in the TRL group. Demographic and clinicopathologic parameters were comparable between the two groups. Post-operative morbidity occurred in 30.9% of cases, with 15 (40.5%) in the CR group and 10 (22.7%) in the TRL group (P=0.086). There were 9 cases of severe complications at grade 3 or higher, with 5 cases in the CR group and 4 cases in the TRL group. There was no significant difference between the two groups (P=0.314). The TRL group demonstrated improved RFS and OS, particularly among dedifferentiated liposarcoma (DDLS) patients.ConclusionsTotal retroperitoneal lipectomy (TRL) appears to be a safe procedure that enhances survival outcomes in patients with primary RPLS. Further studies are needed to validate these findings.
Older adult supportive environment at home—a case study in Jordan: overall sense of control associated with home modification
Authors: Al-Homoud Majd 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionModification becomes a critical issue in a supportive home environment for older adults.MethodsThis study examined if modifications in different spaces at home are facilitated to provide a supportive environment for older adults to feel in control in a cultural context. Data was utilized using field research with a mixed method design: Structured and open-ended interviews as well as surveys using a questionnaire. The hypothesis states that older adults have a supportive environment at home when the overall sense of control is associated with home modification.ResultsThe result reveals that overall sense of control with home modification and its components: kitchen, bedroom, living room, and reception room have a significant effect on older adults’ wellbeing.DiscussionTherefore, older adult supported environment in Jordan can only take place by boosting awareness about the existing problems in the physical environment, by describing the benefits of home modification and by reducing the barriers of home modifications. This process can enhance the housing market and provide better urban policies for urban design and urban planning based on cultural heritage and values.