bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interventions to Improve Discharge from Acute Adult Mental Health Inpatient Care to the Community: Systematic Review and Narrative Synthesis
Authors: Tyler Natasha , Wright Nicola , Waring Justin 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Background

The transition from acute mental health inpatient care to community care is often a vulnerable period in the pathway, where people can experience additional risks and anxiety. Researchers globally have developed and tested a number of interventions that aim to improve this improve support continuity of care and safety in the transitions. However, there has been little attempt to compare and contrast the interventions and specify the variety of safety threats they attempt to resolve.

Methods

The study aimed to identify the evidence base for interventions to support continuity of care and safety in the transition from acute mental health inpatient service to community care services at the point of discharge. Electronic Databases including PsycINFO, MEDLINE, Embase, HMIC, CINAHL, IBSS, Cochrane Library Trials, ASSIA, Web of Science and Scopus, were searched between 2000 and May 2018. Peer reviewed Papers were eligible for inclusion if they addressed adults admitted to an acute inpatient mental health ward and reported on health interventions surrounding discharge from the acute ward to the community. The results were analysed using a narrative synthesis technique.

Results

The total number of papers from which data was extracted was 45. The review found various interventions implemented across continents, addressing problems related to different aspects of discharge. For some interventions followed a distinct named approach (i.e. Critical Time Intervention, Transitional Discharge Model) others were grouped based on key components (i.e. peer support, pharmacist involvement). The primary problems interventions looked to address were reducing readmission, improving wellbeing, reducing homelessness, improving treatment adherence, accelerating discharge, reducing suicide. The 69 outcomes reported across studies were heterogeneous, meaning it was difficult to conduct comparative quantitative meta-analysis or synthesis.

Conclusions

The interventions reviewed are spread across a spectrum ranging from addressing a single problem within a single agency with a single solution, to multiple solutions addressing multi-agency problems. We recommend that future research attempts to improve homogeneity in outcome reporting.
Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns (DAMPs) related to Immunogenic Cell Death are differentially triggered by clinically relevant chemotherapeutics in lung adenocarcinoma cells
Authors: Filippi-Chiela Eduardo , Solari José Ignácio , Andrade Cristiano , Klamt Fabio 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Background
Chemotherapeutics can stimulate immune antitumor response by inducing immunogenic cell death (ICD), which is characterized by the appearance of Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns (DAMPs) like the exposure of calreticulin (CRT) in cell surface, the release of ATP and the secretion of High Mobility Group Box 1 (HMGB1).
Methods
Here, our objective was to investigate levels of ICD-associated DAMPs induced by chemotherapeutics commonly used in the clinical practice of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and the prognosis values of these DAMPs.A549 human lung adenocarcinoma cells were treated with cisplatin, carboplatin, etoposide, paclitaxel and gemcitabine using clinically relevant conditions (doses, times and co-treatments). We assessed ICD-associated DAMPs, cell viability, apoptosis and autophagy in an integrated way.
Results
We found that cisplatin induced the highest levels of apoptosis, while carboplatin and etoposide were the less cytotoxic. Cisplatin also induced the highest levels of ICD-associated DAMPs, which was not incremented by co-treatments. Etoposide induced the lower levels of ICD and the highest levels of autophagy, suggesting that the cytoprotective role of autophagy is dominant in relation to its pro-ICD role. High levels of CRT were associated with better prognosis in TCGA databank. In an integrative analysis we found a strong negative correlation between cell number and ICD-associated DAMPs as well as between autophagy and ICD-associated DAMPs. We also purpose a mathematical integration of ICD-associated DAMPs in an index (InDAMPs) that may represent with greater biological relevance this process.
Conclusions
Cisplatin alone induced the highest levels of ICD-associated DAMPs, so that its combination with immunotherapies can be a promising therapeutic strategy in NSCLC.
Role of initial anemia degree and treatment model on the prognosis of recurrent gastric cancer
Authors: Li Wenhuan , Zhang Ji-Yu , Liu Wen-Hui , Chen Xian-Xian 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Background:Anemia is highly prevalent in recurrent gastric cancer patients. The role of initial hemoglobin levels on prognosis prediction of in recurrent gastric cancer has not been well determined. Our present study aims to evaluate the relationship of the anemia degree and the Overall survival (OS) and Progression-free survival (PFS) of the patients with recurrent gastric cancer. Methods:Our study enrolled 598 patients who were treated with chemotherapy when the recurrent gastric cancer were diagnosed after radical resection. Univariate and multivariate analyses were preformed to identify risk factors which has the potential to affect the patient prognosis. Besides, the relationship between clinicopathological characteristics including treatment styles and chemotherapy-related hemoglobin reduction degree were further analyzed. Results: Our results revealed that patients with HBini level ≤ 80 g/L had also a trend of shortened median OS and PFS (p=0.009 and p=0.049, respectively). Interesting, we also found that, HBdec ≥30 g/L was associated with significantly shortened median OS and PFS (p=0.039 and p=0.001, respectively). Multivariate analysis showed that HBini level ≤80 g/L could be used as independent prognostic factors for recurrent gastric cancer. More important, HBdec ≥30 g/L and treatment response also were significantly associated with OS and PFS. Besides, the degree of hemoglobin decrease was associated with chemotherapy include platinum, the number of chemotherapy cycles, treatment response rather than red blood cell (RBC) transfusion. Conclusion: Our study concludes that initially degree of anemia can serve as a biomarker of recurrent GC patients prognosis prediction, while chemotherapy treatment rather than RBC transfusion can improve those patient’s OS and PFS. Besides, paclitaxel should not be recommended to treat the recurrent GC patients.
Despite Early Medicaid Expansion, Decreased Durable Virologic Suppression Among Publicly Insured People with HIV in Washington, DC
Authors: Goldstein Deborah , Terzian Arpi , Monroe Anne , Hou Qingjiang , Hart Rachel , Hardy David 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Background:
Despite near-universal access to HIV care in Washington, DC, inequities in HIV outcomes persist. We hypothesized that laboratory monitoring and virologic outcomes would not differ significantly based on insurance type.
Methods:
We compared HIV monitoring with outcomes among people with HIV (PWH) with private (commercial payer) versus public (Medicare, Medicaid) insurance receiving care at community and hospital clinics. The DC Cohort follows over 8,000 PWH from 14 clinics. We included those ≥18 years old enrolled between 2011-2015 with stable insurance. Outcomes included frequency of CD4 count and HIV RNA monitoring (> 2 lab measures/year, >30 days apart) and durable viral suppression (VS; HIV RNA <50 copies/mL at last visit and receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) for ≥12 months). Multivariable logistic regression models examined impact of demographic and clinical factors.
Results:
Among 3,908 PWH, 67.9% were publicly-insured and 58.9% attended community clinics. Compared with privately insured participants, a higher proportion of publicly insured participants had the following characteristics: female sex, Black race, heterosexual, unemployed, and attending community clinics. Despite less lab monitoring, privately-insured PWH had greater durable VS than publicly-insured PWH (ART-naïve: private 70.0% vs public 53.1%, p=0.03; ART-experienced: private 80.2% vs public 69.4%, p<0.0001). Privately-insured PWH had greater durable VS than publicly-insured PWH at hospital clinics (AOR=1.59, 95% CI: 1.20, 2.12; p=0.001).
Conclusions: Paradoxical differences between HIV monitoring and durable VS exist among publicly and privately-insured PWH in Washington, DC. Programs serving PWH must improve efforts to address barriers creating inequity in HIV outcomes.
Ketamine affects the functional convergence of developmentally generated granule neurons in the adult stage
Authors: Zhao Zhanqiang , Li Bing , Wu Yuqing , Chen Xujun , Guo Yan , Shen Yang , Huang He 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Background
Ketamine has been reported to cause neonatal neurotoxicity in a variety of developing animal models. Various studies have been conducted to study the mechanism of neurotoxicity for general anesthetic use during the neonatal period. Previous experiments have suggested that developmentally generated granule neurons in the hippocampus dentate gyrus (DG) supported hippocampus-dependent memory. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate whether ketamine affects the functional integration of developmentally generated granule neurons in the DG. For this purpose，the postnatal day 7 (PND-7) SD rats were divided into the control group and the ketamine group (rats who received 4 injections of 40 mg/kg ketamine at 1 h intervals). The BrdU was administered for three consecutive days after the ketamine exposure. To label the dividing cells, NeuN+/BrdU+ cells were observed by using immunofluorescence. To evaluate the developmentally generated granule neurons that support hippocampus-dependent memory, spatial reference memory was tested by using Morris Water Maze at 3 months old, after which the immunofluorescence was used to detect c-Fos expression in the NeuN+/BrdU+ cells. The expression of caspase-3 was measured by western blot to detect the apoptosis in the hippocampal DG.
Results
The present results showed that the neonatal ketamine exposure did not influence the survival rate of developmentally generated granule neurons at 2 and 3 months old, but ketamine interfered with the integration of these neurons into the hippocampal DG neural circuits and caused a deficit in hippocampal-dependent spatial reference memory tasks.
Conclusions
In summary, these findings may promote more studies to investigate the neurotoxicity of ketamine in the developing brain.
Dynamic Predictive Accuracy of Electrocardiographic Biomarkers of Sudden Cardiac Death within a Survival Framework: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study
Authors: Perez-Alday Erick , Bender Aron , German David , Mukundan Srini , Hamilton Christopher , Thomas Jason , Li-Pershing Yin , Tereshchenko Larisa G 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Background—The risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD) is known to be dynamic. However, an accuracy of a dynamic SCD prediction is unknown. We aimed to measure dynamic predictive accuracy of ECG biomarkers of SCD and competing non-SCD.
Methods—Atherosclerosis Risk In Community study participants with analyzable ECGs in sinus rhythm were included (n=15,716; 55% female, 73% white, age 54.2±5.8 y). ECGs of 5 follow-up visits were analyzed. Global electrical heterogeneity and traditional ECG metrics were measured. Adjudicated SCD was the primary outcome; non-SCD was competing outcome. Time-dependent area under the (receiver operating characteristic) curve (AUC) analysis was performed to assess prediction accuracy of a continuous biomarker in a period of 3,6,9 months, and 1,2,3,5,10, and 15 years, using survival analysis framework. Reclassification improvement as compared to clinical risk factors (age, sex, race, diabetes, hypertension, coronary heart disease, stroke) was measured.
Results—Over a median 24.4 y follow-up, there were 577 SCDs (incidence 1.76 (95%CI 1.63-1.91)/1,000 person-years), and 829 non-SCDs [2.55 (95%CI 2.37-2.71)]. Short-term, spatial ventricular gradient (SVG) elevation predicted SCD (AUC 0.706; 95%CI 0.526-0.886), but not a non-SCD. Short-term, upward and more likely forward–directed SVG vector predicted SCD, whereas backward-directed SVG predicted non-SCD. Within the first 3 months after ECG recording, only SVG azimuth improved reclassification of the risk beyond clinical risk factors (18% SCD events reclassified up). Long-term, backward–directed SVG predicted both SCD and non-SCD.
Conclusion—Short-term predictors of SCD, non-SCD, and biomarkers of long-term SCD risk differed, reflecting differences in transient vs. persistent SCD substrates.
Impact of Pre-diabetes alone or in combination with Hypertension, Dyslipidemia, or both on Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events
Authors: Madani Nahid Hashemi , Ismail-Beigi Faramarz , Poustchi Hossein , Nalini Mahdi , Sepanlou Sadaf G. , Malek Mojtaba , Abbasi Mohammad Amin , Khajavi Alireza , Khamseh Mohammad Ebrahim , Malekzadeh Reza 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Background

Whether pre-diabetes in the absence of hypertension (HTN) or dyslipidemia (DLP) is a risk factor for occurrence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) is not fully established. We investigated the effect of impaired fasting glucose (IFG) alone and in combination with HTN, DLP or both on subsequent occurrence of MACE as well as individual MACE components.

Methods

This longitudinal population-based study included 9,831 inhabitants of Northeastern Iran. The participants were free of any cardiovascular disease at baseline and were followed yearly from 2010 to 2017. Cox proportional hazard models were fitted to measure the hazard of IFG alone or in combination with HTN and DLP on occurrence of MACE as the primary endpoint.

Results

297 MACE were recorded during 6.2±0.1 years follow up. IFG alone compared to normal fasting glucose (NFG) was not associated with increased in occurrence of MACE (HR, 1.05; 95% CI, 0.59-1.86; p, 0.8). However, combination of IFG and HTN (HR, 2.75; 95% CI, 1.93-3.90; p, 0.001) or HTN + DLP (HR, 2.85; 95% CI, 1.79-4.54; p, 0.001) significantly increased the hazard of MACE. In contrast, IFG with DLP at baseline did not increase the hazard of MACE compared to normoglycemic- normolipemic individuals (p,0.2). The results also indicated IFG with HTN, DLP, or HTN+DLP were associated with significant higher HRs for some individual components of MACE.

Conclusion

IFG, per se, does not appear to increase hazard of MACE. However, IFG with HTN or HTN + DLP conferred a significant hazard for MACE in an incremental manner.
Postnatal care service utilization and associated factors in Ethiopia: A systematic review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Kassie Bekalu , Desta Melaku , Chanie Habtamu , Tesfaye Bekele , Wubetu Muluken , Alene Muluneh , Yismaw Leiltework , Aschale Yibeltal 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Background: In Ethiopia, literatures are not in agreement on magnitude of utilization of postnatal care service and factors are not well identified. Hence, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to engender pooled evidence of magnitude of postnatal care service utilization and associated factors.
Methods: For this systematic review and meta-analysis international databases such as, HINARI, PubMed, Medline, EMBASE, Google scholar and Cochrane library were used for searching studies published from 2002 to 2018 in English language. The Modified Newcastle- Ottawa quality assessment scale was used to assess the quality of studies and meta-analysis was conducted using STATA version 14. Q statistics and I2 test were used to assess the heterogeneity. The random effect model was used to estimate the pooled utilization of postnatal care at 95%CI.
Result: Total of 22 articles with total samples of 42,320 women were included to this review. The pooled prevalence of postnatal care service utilization in Ethiopia was 41.5% (95%CI: 28.51-54.52). Women who attended formal education (OR, 2.37, 95%CI: 1.13, 4.97), had middle level and above household’s wealth quintile (OR, 2.57, 95%CI: 1.31,5.05), had antenatal care visit (OR, 6.72, 95%CI: 4.16, 10.87), being multigravida (OR, 0.68, 95%CI: 0.53, 0.88) and gave birth in health institutions (OR, 3.86, 95%CI: 2.89, 5.16) were high likely to utilize postnatal care services while rural resident women (OR, 0.17, 95%CI: 0.05, 0.60) were less likely to utilize postnatal care services.
Conclusion: Postnatal care service utilization in Ethiopia is low (41.5%). It is affected by educational status, residence, wealth quintile, gravidity, antenatal care follow up and place of delivery. Scale up the service and awareness for rural people, improving economic status of the household, improve antenatal care follow up, and promote institutional delivery are having paramount importance.
Key words: Health care service utilization, Ethiopia, systematic review, Meta-analysis
How emerging adults perceive elements of nature as resources for wellbeing: a qualitative photo-elicitation study
Authors: Sofija Ernesta , Cleary Anne , Sav Adem , Harris Neil 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Background: Given the growing concerns for emerging adult wellbeing, there is a need to better understand how this population group interpret, experience and seek to create wellbeing through nature. This paper aims to address this gap and provide unique insight on how emerging adults perceive and experience nature as a beneficial resource to their sense of wellbeing.
Methods: This explorative qualitative study employed photo-elicitation interview method, where 18 emerging adults took photographs that represent their views on and experiences of wellbeing, and during the follow-up interviews discussed the meaning of their photographs. Without a priori mention, 14 participants identified contact with various elements of nature as important resources in supporting their wellbeing. It is the results of these 14 interviews that are discussed in depth in this paper with a focus on i) the elements of nature which emerging adults identify as important resources for their wellbeing, ii) experiences and the perceived pathways between these elements of nature and emerging adult wellbeing.
Results: Thematic analysis revealed four distinct perceived pathways from nature to wellbeing, including symbiotic nurturing, social glue, positive outlook, and centre-ing. Four elements of nature facilitated these pathways: domesticated fauna and flora and wild fauna and surrounding nature.
Conclusion: The findings help build understanding of how emerging adults perceive elements of nature as resources to their sense of wellbeing. The findings have important implications for the development of nature-oriented interventions to promote mental health and wellbeing among emerging adults.
Keywords: Nature, emerging adults, well-being, photo-elicitation, pathways
Incidence of seriously injured road users in a Swedish region, 2003–2014, from the perspective of a national road safety policy
Authors: Värnild Astrid , Belin Matts-Åke , Larm Peter , Tillgren Per 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Background

Since 1997 Sweden has a policy for road safety called Vision Zero. Given that Vision Zero is mainly used to reduce fatalities among car occupants, the question has been raised by the research community whether a Vision Zero approach promotes health for all road traffic users. The objective is to measure target fulfilment of the national road safety policy for a Swedish region by examining incidence of serious injury during 2003–2014 in rural and urban road spaces with or without implemented measures.

Methods

Data on seriously injured road users, defined as ISS>8 (Injury Severity Scale), were retrieved from STRADA (Swedish Traffic Accident Data Acquisition) together with data from NVDB (National Road Database). These data are used to describe where road users are seriously injured in relation to implemented national policy and using a conceptual model of a road space comprising roads, pavements and tracks for walking and cycling. Seriously injured road users in single and multiple crashes with and without vehicles are included. The development of the incidence is analysed for different road users and places in the road space.

Results

Seriously injured road users increased in rural areas from 7.8 per 100,000 inhabitants in 2003 to 9.3 in 2014, and in urban areas from 8.0 to 16.3 respectively. In areas not transformed by Vision Zero, only 36% were injured in rural areas while 64% were injured in urban areas. In contrast, in transformed areas 61% of injuries occurred in rural areas, whereas 39% occurred in urban areas.

Conclusion

Despite implemented road safety measures in the region, the incidence of seriously injured road users doubled in urban areas during 2003–2014, while the incidence decreased for car occupants on transformed national roads in rural areas. In urban areas, more people were seriously injured on pavements and tracks for cycling and walking than on the roads where Vision Zero had been implemented.
The reduction in the incidence in the region may not be adequate to contribute to fulfilling the national target. More needs to be done, especially in the urban areas, where more active mobility is desired.
Expression features of androgen receptor in special subtypes of breast cancer
Authors: Xiang Guomin , Liu Jing , Cao Lu , Xu Cong , Liu Fang , Meng Qingxiang , Xu Danni , Niu Yun 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Purpose

The important role of the androgen receptor (AR) in invasive carcinoma of no specific type (NST) has been increasingly recognised. However, only a few studies have been reported in special subtypes of breast cancer. Thus, we aim to investigate the AR expression and its expression features in special subtypes of breast cancer.

Methods

This study collected clinicopathological data of 718 special subtypes of breast cancer from Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital. Immunohistochemical staining of AR and other biomarkers was performed.

Results

If the threshold of AR is ≥ 1%, the positive rate of AR in specific subtypes of breast cancer is 77.9% (559/718) of cases. Compared with the threshold of AR is ≥ 10%, the positive percentage of AR in each subtype of breast cancer increases about 10%. The positive expression rate of AR in carcinomas with apocrine differentiation is highest, and the coloration intensity is much stronger than that of other subtypes. The positive expression rate of AR is lowest in metaplastic carcinomas, almost negative; the positive expression rate of AR in invasive lobular carcinomas (ILCs), invasive micropapillary carcinomas (IMPCs), invasive papillary carcinomas (IPCs), and is mucinous carcinomas about 70.0%–80.0%.

Conclusions

The expression features of AR in special subtypes of breast cancer vary in different subtypes, and to some extent, AR may be a useful biomarker for clinical diagnosis. Routine testing of AR has a certain guiding significance for clinical work. In addition, AR is expected to treat carcinomas with apocrine differentiation as a target.