bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Central sensitization predicts greater fatigue independently of musculoskeletal pain
Authors: Druce Katie L , McBeth John 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Objectives
To test whether central sensitization was associated with greater fatigue, independently of musculoskeletal pain.

Methods
2477 prospective cohort study participants completed a baseline questionnaire comprising the Chalder Fatigue Scale (CFQ), pain, demographics, physical activity, anxiety, depression and medication use. In a clinical assessment of 290 (11.7%) participants, central sensitization was measured by the wind-up ratio test at the hand (WUR-H) and foot (WUR-F). Bioelectric impedance determined proportion body fat. All participants were followed up 12 months later, at which time they completed the CFQ. Linear regression, with inverse probability sampling weights, tested the relationship between WUR at baseline and CFQ at 12 months, adjusted for baseline CFQ, demographics, lifestyle factors, mental health and baseline pain.

Results
At baseline, the median interquartile range WUR-H and WUR-F were similar (2.3 (1.5, 4.0) and 2.4 (1.6, 3.9) respectively) and did not differ by sex (difference WUR-H: −0.29, 95% confidence interval −1.28–0.71; WUR-F: −0.57 (−1.50–0.36) or age(WUR-H: −0.53, −1.49–0.43; WUR-F:−0.08, −0.98–0.82). WUR-H scores (β = 0.11, 95% confidence interval: 0.07–0.16) and WUR-F scores (0.13, 0.08–0.17) were positively associated with CFQ scores at follow-up, independently of baseline CFQ and other covariates. These associations were not explained by baseline pain.

Conclusion
Fatigue was predicted by central sensitization, independently of the presence of pain. For those seeking to treat fatigue, the benefit of interventions that reduce central sensitization should be investigated.
Can the structure of inequality explain fiscal redistribution? Revisiting the social affinity hypothesis
Authors: Luebker Malte 
Published: January 2019

AbstractLupu and Pontusson (2011) argue that the structure of income inequality, rather than its level, can explain differences in fiscal redistribution across modern welfare states. Contrary to the assertion that there is robust evidence in support of this proposition, the present article challenges the argument that the distributional allegiances between social groups are a function of relative income distances. It makes three central claims: (a) skew in the earnings distribution, the key explanatory variable in the empirical tests of the original paper, can best be understood as an outcome of public policy and labor market institutions, and hence as endogenous to the welfare state; (b) relative earnings differentials are not a valid proxy measure for the structure of income inequality, the concept of theoretical interest; and (c) there is no indication that skew in the distribution of incomes (rather than earnings) is positively associated with fiscal redistribution. In sum, revisiting an influential contribution to the literature offers no support for the proposition that the structure of inequality has consequences for fiscal redistribution.
Sibling Similarities and the Importance of Parental Socioeconomic Position in Electoral Participation
Authors: Lahtinen Hannu , Erola Jani , Wass Hanna 
Published: January 2019

AbstractWe studied the impact of an individual’s family and community background on their voting propensity in the 2015 Finnish parliamentary elections by employing a sibling design on an individual-level register-based dataset. The results showed that a quarter of the total variance in voter turnout was shared between siblings. Considering the dichotomous nature of the turnout variable, this implies that background has a strong effect which is almost comparable to sibling similarity in education. Parental socioeconomic position and voting, in turn, are equally important factors by explaining one-third of this shared part of the likelihood of voting. Mothers and fathers make roughly equal contributions. The results suggest that future studies of inter-generational effects in political participation, whenever possible, should use information from both maternal and paternal characteristics and multiple indicators of parental socioeconomic position simultaneously. We conclude by underlining that as people cannot choose their background, voting propensity is strongly influenced by factors beyond an individual’s own control, which is problematic for the functioning of inclusive democracy and equality of opportunity.
The Wife as Family Physician: Making and Moving a Modern Health Epistemology for Women
Authors: Treitel Corinna 
Published: January 2019

Summary
This article investigates the early history of the best-selling German health manual The Wife as Family Physician, written by Dr Anna Fischer-Dückelmann in 1901. The manual built on an older tradition of medical enlightenment, yet broke with its conventions by discussing sexuality openly, emphasising self-help, and mixing the professional knowledge of physicians with the practical knowledge of irregular healers. The result was an ‘embodied health epistemology’ for women and proved so successful that it went through six major German editions by century’s end and appeared almost immediately in translation in 13 other languages. After tracing the manual’s roots in hygienic discourse, the article explores Fischer-Dückelmann’s distinctive approach to bodily knowledge and then discusses the underlying forces that turned it so quickly into a mass-market success, both at home and abroad. The Wife as Family Physician is a case study in making and moving modern health epistemologies.
“Sink or Swim”: An Ethnographic Study of Nurse Educators in Academic Culture
Authors: Cotter Karen D. , Clukey Lory 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

AIM
The aim of this study was to describe the cultural context of academic nurse educators through the use of ethnography.

BACKGROUND
This cultural context has seldom been explored from the perspective of nursing faculty.

METHOD
Twelve interviews, followed by ethnographic data analysis, identified domains with related components describing this culture.

RESULTS
Participants cited metaphors of water (e.g., sink or swim, keeping head above water) in describing the culture. Challenges included demanding workloads, challenging interchanges, negotiating a complex bureaucracy, and finding trusted individuals willing to provide a network of support. Faculty reported interactions to be guarded, uncivil, and conflict avoidant within a bureaucracy of slow pace of work, resistance to change, heavy workloads, and requirements for scholarship that are not clear or consistently enforced.

CONCLUSION
Clinical nurses who enter the academic culture must learn patterned ways of thinking and earn credibility. A key to adaptation is finding colleagues who will provide a support network.
Student Profile Characteristics as Predictors of Success: Nontraditional and English as an Additional Language Students in a Prelicensure BSN Program
Authors: Petges Nancy 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
This study examined the extent to which selected student profile characteristics predict success for a sample of prelicensure BSN students at a Midwestern university. The results indicated that both nontraditional students and students with English as an additional language are less likely to experience early program success and on-time completion while nontraditional students were more likely to experience National Council Licensure Examination (NCLEX-RN®) success. Results from the study were used to develop interventions specifically designed to promote success in diverse student populations at the research site.
Combating insulin resistance with the paleo diet
Authors: Olivieri Chrystyne 
Published: January 2019

Abstract:
Lifestyle changes that include adopting a healthy diet, such as the paleo diet, can help prevent prediabetes and T2DM. This article explores the potential benefits of replacing low-calorie diets with the paleo diet. As primary care providers, NPs are positioned to help inform patients, particularly those with prediabetes and T2DM, about healthy lifestyle choices and provide them with resources to achieve weight loss success.
Contributions of innate lymphocytes to allergic responses
Authors: Inclan-Rico Juan M. , Ponessa John J. , Siracusa Mark C. 
Published: January 2019

Purpose of reviewAllergic diseases represent a growing global health concern, especially among pediatric populations. Current strategies for the treatment of allergies and asthma focus on limiting the severity of the symptoms; however, additional research investigating the mechanisms promoting inflammation in the context of allergic reactions may lead to the development of more effective therapeutic strategies.Recent findingsNovel studies have highlighted the contributions of innate lymphocytes to the induction of inflammatory responses to allergens. Remarkably, neuron-derived signals, hormones, and even vitamins have been suggested to modulate the activity of innate lymphocytes, opening new windows of opportunity for the treatment of allergic inflammation.SummaryThese studies highlight the complex interactions of the nervous, endocrine, and immune system that promote pathology in the context of allergic inflammation. Further studies are required to understand these interactions in order to aid in the development of novel and much-needed therapies to treat allergic conditions.
Predicting Ambulatory Function Based on Infantile Lower Extremity Posture Types in Amyoplasia Arthrogryposis
Authors: Donohoe Maureen , Pruszcynski Blazej , Rogers Kenneth , Bowen James Richard 
Published: January 2019

Background:
Arthrogryposis multiplex congenita (AMC) is a nonprogressive syndrome with multiple rigid joints, fibrotic periarticular tissue, and muscular fibrosis. The most common subgroup is amyoplasia. Ambulation is one of the most significant functions of the lower extremities as it translates to increased functionality and independence in adulthood. There is no predicative scale to determine ambulation at maturity for the infant with amyoplasia. It is believed lower extremity resting position of infants with amyoplasia potentially correlates with ambulation at maturity. The purpose of this study was to classify the infantile position of lower extremities and muscle strength to predict ambulation potential at maturity.

Methods:
Children with amyoplasia were retrospectively reviewed and classified into groups based on infantile position of hip-knee alignment and limb muscle function. Sitting, standing, and walking skills from infancy into adulthood were evaluated. The ambulation function was correlated with the infantile position of the lower extremities.

Results:
Amyoplasia cases were sorted into 5 types and correlated with ambulatory potential. Type I: mild ambulatory impairment with infantile position of flexed knees and hips but full range of motion. At maturity, all were community ambulators. Type II: moderate ambulatory impairment having infantile position of hip flexion, hip external rotation, and knee flexion contractures. Hip abductors and external rotators had antigravity strength. All stood and walked during the first decade of life with knee ankle foot orthoses. Type III: severe ambulatory impairment having infantile position of hip flexion, abduction, external rotation, and knee flexion contractures but lacked hip muscle recruitment. All used wheelchairs at maturity. Type IV: mild ambulatory impairment with infantile position of extended knees and flexed dislocated hips. At maturity, 90% were community ambulators. Type V: variable ambulatory impairment having asymmetric hip and knee alignment with unilateral hip dysplasia with extended knee and opposite limb flexed. Ambulation skill varied at maturity with 27% full-time wheelchair users.

Conclusions:
Amyoplasia can be sorted by infantile position of lower extremities and muscle strength into 5 types to predict ambulatory function.

Level of Evidence:
Level III—Prognostic Study.
Respiratory Variability of Pulmonary Velocity-Time Integral As a New Gauge of Fluid Responsiveness For Mechanically Ventilated Patients in the ICU*
Authors: Gavaud Ariane , Nguyen Lee S. , Caubel Antoine , Grillet Guillaume , Donal Erwan , Belliard Guillaume 
Published: January 2019

Objectives:
To evaluate reliability and feasibility of the respiratory variability of pulmonary velocity-time integral as a new dynamic marker of fluid responsiveness in mechanically ventilated patients.

Design:
Prospective observational study.

Setting:
Medical-surgical ICU of a general hospital.

Patients:
Fifty mechanically ventilated patients with acute circulatory failure.

Interventions:
Transthoracic echocardiography was performed at inclusion (transthoracic echocardiography baseline). Fluid therapy was prescribed to patients exhibiting one value greater than or equal to 13% among commonly used variables of fluid responsiveness: respiratory variability of aortic velocity-time integral, respiratory variability of inferior vena cava diameter, or pulse pressure variation.

Measurements and Main Results:
Respiratory variability of pulmonary velocity-time integral was assessed at baseline. Respiratory variability of pulmonary velocity-time integral was significantly greater in patients who received fluid therapy (26.9 ± 12.5% vs 6.2 ± 4.3%; p < 0.0001). Respiratory variability of pulmonary velocity-time integral was correlated with respiratory variability of aortic velocity-time integral (r = 0.75; p < 0.0001), respiratory variability of inferior vena cava diameter (r = 0.42; p < 0.01), and pulse pressure variation (r = 0.87; p < 0.0001) at baseline and with the relative increase in cardiac output after fluid therapy (r = 0.44; p = 0.019). Fluid responsiveness was defined as a 10% increase in cardiac output after fluid therapy, assessed by a second transthoracic echocardiography. Respiratory variability of pulmonary velocity-time integral was associated with fluid responsiveness (adjusted odds ratio, 1.58; 95% CI, 1.08–2.32; p = 0.002). Area under the receiver operating characteristics curve was 0.972, and a value of respiratory variability of pulmonary velocity-time integral greater than or equal to 14% yielded a sensitivity of 92% and specificity of 87% to predict fluid responsiveness. Interobserver reproducibility was excellent (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.94).

Conclusions:
Respiratory variability of pulmonary velocity-time integral is a simple and reliable marker of fluid responsiveness for ventilated patients in ICU.
Cetuximab as a Component of Multimodality Treatment of High-Risk Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Retrospective Analysis From a Single Tertiary Academic Medical Center
Authors: Trodello Cameron , Higgins Shauna , Ahadiat Omeed , Ragab Omar , In Gino , Hawkins Makenzie , Wysong Ashley 
Published: January 2019

BACKGROUND
Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is the second most common form of skin cancer and has potential for regional or distant metastasis. Despite the standardization of features associated with high-risk cSCC, an advanced subset of cSCC, there is no established consensus regarding proper management of this tumor.

OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the efficacy of cetuximab, add to existing management options, and aid in the development of standardized treatment for this tumor.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
Medical records were searched using Current Procedural Terminology codes for cetuximab and cSCC. Demographic data and tumor characteristics, along with treatment regimens and follow-up times, were collected. A total of 20 cases were examined.

RESULTS
Of the 20 cases, 3 experienced a complete response and 7 experienced a partial response, yielding an overall response of 50% and a combined median disease-free survival of 6.35 months (range 1–46.8 months).

CONCLUSION
As most of the patients who experienced a response received cetuximab as part of a multimodality treatment approach, cetuximab may be most efficacious when administered with concurrent therapies such as surgery or radiation. Further larger prospective studies to determine the optimal dosing and frequency of cetuximab and the utility of concurrent therapies are warranted.
Comparison of Surgical Outcomes of Rectangular Lid Excision Versus Elliptical Excision for the Treatment of Epidermal Cysts
Authors: Kwon Soon‐Hyo , Kim Minsu , Shin Jung‐Won , Na Jung‐Im , Huh Chang‐Hun 
Published: January 2019

BACKGROUNDElliptical excision (EE) has been the standard surgical technique for the removal of epidermal cysts. However, it produces to create a long, linear wound causing cosmetic concerns.OBJECTIVEThe purpose of the study was to evaluate the cosmetic outcomes and postoperative complications of rectangular lid excision (LE) compared with EE in epidermal cyst removals.METHODSMedical records of patients who received surgical excision for epidermal cysts were retrospectively reviewed. Three dermatologists evaluated the postoperative photographs using 4-scale investigator's global assessment.RESULTSOf the 123 lesions, EE and LE were performed in 58 and 65 lesions, respectively. Although the mean diameter of cysts was significantly greater in the LE group than in the EE group, the number of postoperative complications was not different between the 2 groups. A photographic assessment was performed in 11 lesions in the LE group and 11 lesions in the EE group. Although the mean diameter of cysts was greater in the LE group than in the EE group, the cosmetic outcome was significantly better in the LE group.CONCLUSIONThe LE technique was shown to have a superior cosmetic outcome than the EE technique. Hence, it is a viable alternative for the removal of epidermal cysts.
Cardiovascular reactivity and psychological hyperarousal in hot flash-associated insomnia disorder
Authors: Bertisch Suzanne M. , Wiley Aleta , McCormick Kathleen , Muresan Cristen , Camuso Julie , Albert Kimberly , Crawford Sybil L. , Newhouse Paul , Taylor J. Andrew , Joffe Hadine 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Objectives:
Given the neurocognitive hyperarousal observed in patients with insomnia disorder and associations of nocturnal hot flashes with cardiovascular disease risk, we examined whether women with hot flash-associated insomnia disorder demonstrate exaggerated cardiovascular responsivity to acute stressors, and also a profile of psychological hyperarousal.

Methods:
Peri and postmenopausal women with and without hot flash-associated insomnia disorder underwent assessments of cardiovascular autonomic responsivity to acute stress paradigms and psychological hyperarousal. Hemodynamic responses (heart rate, blood pressure) to nociceptive, social-evaluative, and cognitive stress paradigms were measured in the morning. Psychological hyperarousal was evaluated using questionnaires assessing daytime and presleep hyperarousal, anxiety, and sleep-related cognitions.

Results:
Women (25 with and 15 without hot flash-associated insomnia) aged 53.4 ± 4.8 years reported a range of insomnia symptoms. Resting-state hemodynamics were similar between groups. Heart rate and blood pressure responses to stress paradigms did not differ by group nor did they correlate with insomnia severity. Women with insomnia disorder had higher generalized anxiety disorder scores (mean 2.7 ± 3.0 vs 1.0 ± 1.4; P = 0.05) and sleep-related cognitions than those without insomnia (P ≤ 0.05). Insomnia symptom severity was moderately correlated with presleep and daytime hyperarousal, anxiety, and sleep-related cognition (all r ≥ 0.43).

Conclusions:
Though hot flash-associated insomnia is characterized by psychological hyperarousal before sleep and during the daytime, it does not relate to cardiovascular responsiveness to acute stressors. Our findings do not support the hypothesis that altered cardiovascular control is a potential mechanism by which hot flash-associated insomnia confers higher cardiovascular disease risk.
How teams impact patient satisfaction: A review of the empirical literature
Authors: Hoff Timothy , Prout Kathryn , Carabetta Shannon 
Published: January 2019

Background
The increased use of health care teams merits further investigation in terms of their impact on patient satisfaction. Patient satisfaction and patient experience generally have come front-and-center given trends within the health care industry around “patient-centered care” and “consumer engagement.”

Purpose
This review examines research published between 2000 and 2017 that includes analysis of potential team–patient satisfaction linkages, taking the conceptual perspective that both the mere presence of health care teams and specific team features like cohesion may each be impactful.

Methods
A systematic, PRISMA-guided literature review across four databases (PubMed, CINAHL, Business Source Complete, and ScienceDirect) to examine potential team–patient satisfaction linkages in the existing team literature was performed.

Results
In-depth review of 24 relevant studies found the following: (a) The extant literature examining the team–patient satisfaction relationship currently suffers from limitations around study design, construct definition, and variable operationalization, which render less confidence overall in the body of work, and (b) despite the limitations, extant work does suggest that there may be instances where the presence of a health care team does favorably impact patient satisfaction.

Practice Implications
Future research should attend to several issues related to study design improvements, more precise operationalization and measurement of both teams and patient satisfaction, expansion of focus beyond patient satisfaction within the same study, and inclusion of more ambulatory care delivery settings in team–satisfaction research.
Influence of Lens Status on Outcomes of Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty
Authors: Godin Morgan R. , Boehlke Christopher S. , Kim Terry , Gupta Preeya K. 
Published: January 2019

Purpose:
To evaluate whether lens status influences clinical outcomes of Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) in patients who underwent DMEK in phakia, pseudophakia, or combined with cataract surgery (triple).

Methods:
A retrospective review of 139 eyes (107 patients) with symptomatic Fuchs' dystrophy or secondary corneal edema was performed. Patients were divided into 3 groups: 1) DMEK + cataract surgery, 2) DMEK in pseudophakia, and 3) DMEK in phakia.

Results:
Of 139 DMEK surgeries, 61 were DMEK triple (43.9%), 55 pseudophakic DMEK (39.6%), and 23 phakic DMEK (16.5%) procedures. Rebubble occurred in 31 of 134 eyes (23.1%), of which 17 were in eyes after DMEK triple (28.3%), 10 after pseudophakic DMEK (19.6%), and 4 after phakic DMEK (17.4%). There was no statistically significant difference in rebubble rates depending on lens status (P = 0.548). There was no statistically significant difference in best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) between eyes that underwent rebubble versus not (P = 0.854). BCVA in patients post-DMEK was 20/25 or better in 81% of cases, and mean BCVA was 20/23. Donor age (P = 0.889), graft cell count (P = 0.525), and graft preparation technique (P = 0.769) were not predictive of rebubbling.

Conclusions:
Our study demonstrates no difference in DMEK outcome with regard to rebubble rate whether the procedure is performed in combination with cataract surgery, in pseudophakia, or in phakia. Furthermore, donor age, initial graft cell count, and graft preparation technique did not impact rebubble rate. BCVA was also not affected by the need for rebubbling.