bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Different adhesive approaches for the bonding of a new universal resin cement to a disilicate glass‐ceramic
Authors: Detogni Anna Caroliny , Araújo‐Neto Vitaliano Gomes , Lima Renally Bezerra Wanderley , Sinhoreti Mário Alexandre Coelho 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to evaluate the shear bond strength (SBS) when bonding a universal resin cement to a disilicate glass‐ceramic using different adhesive protocols. Sixty specimens were etched with 10% hydrofluoric acid (HF) for 20 s and assigned to one of four treatment protocols (n = 15): The Positive control protocol comprised use of a universal adhesive system + adhesive resin cement; the Test1 protocol comprised use of a new universal adhesive system + universal resin cement; the Test2 protocol comprised use of a silane coupling agent + universal resin cement; and the use of a universal resin cement without adhesive and silane served as the Negative control. One of the two resin cement cylinders built on each specimen in each group was used to test for 24‐h SBS, while the other was thermocycled and then tested for SBS. Data were submitted to two‐way ANOVA, Tukey's test, and Weibull analysis. The negative control (24 h) showed the lowest SBS mean value. The Test2 protocol resulted in the highest SBS mean value after thermocycling. Adhesive and mixed failures were prevalent in all groups. No statistical difference in m values was observed among the groups at 24 h. After thermocycling, the two Test protocols showed the highest m values. The m values were significantly lower after thermocycling than at 24 h for all groups. After thermal aging, The Test2 protocol resulted in a statistically significantly higher SBS mean value after thermal aging than seen for the other groups.
Characterising the Genomic Landscape of Differentiation Between Annual and Perennial Rye
Authors: Waesch Christina , Pfeifer Max , Dreissig Steven 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTAnnuality and perenniality represent two different life‐history strategies in plants, and an analysis of genomic differentiation between closely related species of different life histories bears the potential to identify the underlying targets of selection. Additionally, understanding the interactions between patterns of recombination and signatures of natural selection is a central aim in evolutionary biology, because patterns of recombination shape the evolution of genomes by affecting the efficacy of selection. Here, our aim was to characterise the landscape of genomic differentiation between weedy annual rye (Secale cereale L.) and wild perennial rye (Secale strictum C. Presl), and explore the extent to which signatures of selection are influenced by recombination rate variation. We used population‐level sequence data of annual and perennial rye to analyse population structure and their demographic history. Based on our analyses, annual and perennial rye diverged approximately 26,500 years ago (ya) from an ancestral population size of ~85,000 individuals. We analysed patterns of genetic diversity and genetic differentiation, and found highly differentiated regions located in low‐recombination regions, indicative of linked selection. Although all highly differentiated regions, as revealed by FST‐outlier scans, were located in low‐recombining regions, not all chromosomes showed this tendency. We therefore performed a gene ontology enrichment analysis, which showed that highly differentiated regions comprise genes involved in photosynthesis. This enrichment was confirmed when FST outlier scans were performed separately in low‐ and intermediate‐recombining regions, but not in high‐recombining regions, suggesting that local recombination rate variation in rye affects outlier scans. Cultivated rye is an annual crop, but the introduction of perenniality may be advantageous in regions with poor soil quality or under low‐input farming. Although the resolution of our analysis is limited to a broad‐scale, knowledge about the evolutionary divergence between annual and perennial rye might support breeding efforts towards perennial rye cultivation.
Translating discovery science: White fathers' racial socialization practices with their biological Black biracial sons
Authors: Durrant Lorna , Gillum Nerissa LeBlanc 
Published: October 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the racial socialization practices of White fathers with their biological Black and White biracial sons.BackgroundSocializing children of color to live in a society where they may experience discrimination is an essential part of parenting. This may be challenging for White fathers with Black biracial sons because of their different lived experiences, which can be harmful to their sons.MethodA phenomenological approach was used to conduct 10 in‐depth, semistructured interviews with a sample of White fathers with biological Black biracial sons. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the data.ResultsFour racial socialization practices were identified: (a) talking to son about his racial/cultural heritages, (b) exposing son to his racial/cultural heritages, (c) exposing son to environments that are diverse, and (d) talking to son about discrimination.ConclusionFamily professionals can work with White fathers to help them overcome any challenges they may encounter to socialize their Black biracial sons to navigate society as a man of color.ImplicationsFamily practitioners and school personnel can promote and encourage the attendance of parenting programs that focus on discussing discrimination with children and strategies parents can use to develop a healthy multiracial identity in children. Religious leaders can encourage diversity with International Day celebrations and facilitate discussions with congregants about racial inequality.
Spatial Variation in Upper Limits of Coral Cover on the Great Barrier Reef
Authors: Álvarez‐Noriega Mariana , Ortiz Juan C. , Ceccarelli Daniela M. , Emslie Michael J. , Fabricius Katharina E. , Jonker Michelle J. , Puotinen Marji , Robson Barbara J. , Roelfsema Chris M. , Sinclair‐Taylor Tane H. , Ferrari Renata 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTAimIdentifying the maximum coral cover that a coral community can sustain (i.e., its ‘upper limit’) is important for predicting community dynamics and improving management strategies. Here, we quantify the relationship between estimated upper limits and key environmental factors on coral reefs: hard substrate availability, temperature and water clarity.LocationGreat Barrier Reef (GBR), Australia (over 1400 km).Time Period1990 to 2022.Major Taxa StudiedScleractinian corals.MethodsWe used 32 years of data on coral cover around reef perimeters. Each reef was divided into four wave‐exposure habitats depending on prevailing wind conditions. For each site, we determined if hard coral cover had reached a plateau or upper limit. Next, we extracted existing estimates of hard substrate availability, modelled water temperature and Secchi depth. Then, we quantified the relationship between these environmental variables and the upper limits.ResultsWe found varying upper limits across the GBR, with a median of 33% coral cover and only 17% of the estimated upper limits exceeded 50% coral cover. Upper limits increased towards the southern reefs. Our results show that upper limits increased with increasing hard substrate availability and decreased with temperature and, to a lesser extent, with water clarity.Main ConclusionsThe upper limits estimated in this study are much lower than what is commonly assumed when modelling ecological dynamics, most likely resulting in predicted recovery rates being inappropriately high. Although hard substrate ultimately restricted upper limits, there are mechanisms constraining the proportion of hard substrate that is covered by hard corals. The negative relationship between temperature and upper limits cannot be explained by changes in macroalgal abundance but may be related to changes in species composition. The quantitative relationships between the upper limits of coral cover and environmental variables will provide critical information to prioritise sites for management interventions.
Dementia severity and advanced pressure injury procedures and prognosis: A nationwide study in Japan
Authors: Nakagami Gojiro , Morita Kojiro , Fujita Asahi , Abe Mari , Mugita Yuko , Akishita Masahiro , Yasunaga Hideo 
Published: October 2024

AimIn older adults, pressure injuries (PIs) are common and, despite advancements in PI care, are associated with increased complications in patients with dementia for whom standardized treatments are unavailable. Herein, we aimed to examine the influence of dementia status on the care practice pattern and healing outcomes for PI on discharge.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study used data from the Diagnosis Procedure Combination database for 2014–2015 and the Annual Report for Functions of Medical Institutions and included patients aged ≥65 years. The DESIGN‐R (depth, exudates, size, inflammation/infection, granulation, necrosis and rating) classification system was used to determine PI severity, and the Dementia Scale was used to assess dementia status. The measured outcomes included advanced PI care and healing upon discharge. Multivariable logistic regression, accounting for hospital‐related clustering, was used to examine the association of dementia with these outcomes.ResultsAmong 20 386 patients from 1198 hospitals included in the analysis, 32.5%, 20.1% and 47.3% had no, mild and severe dementia, respectively. After adjustment for patients' and hospital characteristics, compared with those without dementia, patients with severe dementia were significantly less likely to undergo advanced treatments, such as skin grafts (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.62 [95% confidential interval [CI], 0.40–0.97]; P = 0.034) and flap surgeries (aOR, 0.57 [95% CI, 0.42–0.77]; P < 0.001), and had a reduced likelihood of PI healing (aOR, 0.80 [95% CI, 0.72–0.90]; P < 0.001).ConclusionsSevere dementia was associated with poor PI healing outcomes, indicating potential treatment disparities. Thus, PI treatment should be provided according to the severity of dementia. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24: 1300–1307.
Roles of Pbp1, Mkt1, and Dhh1 in the regulation of gene expression in the medium containing non‐fermentative carbon sources
Authors: Himeno Yurika , Endo Nozomi , Rana Varsha , Akitake Natsu , Suda Tomomi , Suda Yasuyuki , Mizuno Tomoaki , Irie Kenji 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPbp1, a yeast ortholog of human ataxin‐2, is important for cell growth in the medium containing non‐fermentable carbon sources. We had reported that Pbp1 regulates expression of genes related to glycogenesis via transcriptional regulation and genes related to mitochondrial function through mRNA stability control. To further analyze the role of Pbp1 in gene expression, we first examined the time course of gene expression after transfer from YPD medium containing glucose to YPGlyLac medium containing glycerol and lactate. At 12 h after transfer to YPGlyLac medium, the pbp1∆ mutant showed decreased expression of genes related to mitochondrial function but no decrease in expression of glycogenesis‐related genes. We also examined a role of the Pbp1‐binding factor, Mkt1. The mkt1∆ mutant, like the pbp1∆ mutant, showed slow growth on YPGlyLac plate and reduced expression of genes related to mitochondrial function. Furthermore, we found that mutation of DHH1 gene encoding a decapping activator exacerbated the growth of the pbp1∆ mutant on YPGlyLac plate. The dhh1∆ mutant showed reduced expression of genes related to mitochondrial function. These results indicate that Pbp1 and Mkt1 regulate the expression of genes related to mitochondrial function and that the decapping activator Dhh1 also regulates the expression of those genes.
Time trend of outcomes according to systemic therapy for patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: A single‐institution study
Authors: Uchikawa Shinsuke , Kawaoka Tomokazu , Murakami Serami , Miura Ryoichi , Shirane Yuki , Johira Yusuke , Kosaka Masanari , Fujii Yasutoshi , Fujino Hatsue , Ono Atsushi , Murakami Eisuke , Miki Daiki , Hayes C. Nelson , Tsuge Masataka , Oka Shiro 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundWe have been able to use molecular targeted agents for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma since 2009, and immune checkpoint inhibitors have been approved in recent years. We assessed the efficacy of systemic therapy in Hiroshima University Hospital by each era.MethodsA total of 357 patients who were treated with sorafenib, lenvatinib, atezolizumab plus bevacizumab combination therapy, or durvalumab plus tremeliumab combination therapy as first‐line systemic therapy in our hospital from November 2009 to December 2023 were enrolled in this retrospective cohort study. We divided the years from 2009 to 2023 into the following three periods: cohort I, 2009–2016, the single‐molecular targeted agent era; cohort II, 2017–2020, the multi‐molecular targeted agent era; and cohort III, 2020–2023, the immuno‐oncology era.ResultsThe median survival time was 9.5 months in cohort I, 15.8 months in cohort II, and 20.2 months in cohort III. The median survival time in cohort III was significantly (p < 0.01) longer than in the other cohorts. The overall response rate by mRECIST was 4.1% in cohort I, 28.7% in cohort II, and 47.2% in cohort III. The disease control rate was 41.6% in cohort I, 61.2% in cohort II, and 73.6% in cohort III. Both overall response rate and disease control rate significantly increased by era.ConclusionsWe consider that advancements in systemic therapy, along with changes in treatment strategies, such as sequential therapy after progression, contribute to the prolonged prognosis across different eras.
Should we measure quality of life among people with HIV? A multicentre survey of physicians' opinions in Spain
Authors: Izquierdo Rebeca , Suárez‐García Inés , Gómez‐García Teresa , Marco‐Sánchez Cristina , Puente‐Ferreiro Julián , Moreno Cristina , Diaz Asunción , Cabello‐Clotet Noemí , Vinuesa David , Blanco José Luis , Melús Estrella , Gómez‐Ayerbe Cristina , Olalla Julián , Riera Melchor , Bernardino José Ignacio , de López Bernaldo de Quirós Juan Carlos , Moreno Santiago , Jarrín Inma ,   the CoRIS cohort
Published: October 2024

AbstractObjectivesWe assessed the opinions of physicians caring for people with HIV (PWH) from the multicentre Spanish CoRIS cohort regarding the assessment of health‐related quality of life (HRQoL).MethodsWe designed an online self‐administered questionnaire comprising 27 structured questions across four domains: (i) sociodemographic and clinical data; (ii) usefulness of measuring HRQoL; (iii) information, training and resource needed; and (iv) whether and how HRQoL should be measured. Physicians completed the questionnaire between April and June 2023.ResultsOf 131 physicians surveyed [53.8% men, median age 52 years (interquartile range: 42–60)], 90.9% and 88.6% agreed that measuring HRQoL is useful for both PWH and medical decision‐making, respectively. However, 67.2% needed training on what HRQoL is and how to measure it, 79.4% required information on validated tools, and 80.9% felt that clinical guidelines are needed. Overall, 90.1% of physicians agreed that HRQoL should be measured among PWH. Most physicians (82.8%) supported using specific scales for PWH, with 74.1% recommending annual measurement, 49.1% suggesting that nurses from HIV units conduct the assessments, and 43.1% favouring personal interviews during medical visits. At the time of the survey, 55.3% of physicians did not measure HRQoL in any patients due to time or resource constraints (75.8%).ConclusionsDespite the recognized importance of HRQoL measurement in PWH, Spanish physicians encounter barriers such as time constraints and limited resources. Developing clear guidelines, using tailored scales, and integrating digital tools along with multidisciplinary support could enhance routine HRQoL assessments and improve patient‐centred care.
Preparation of high flux low‐cost ceramics membrane supports with oil‐based drilling cutting pyrolysis residues (ODPRs) as raw material
Authors: Li Yan , Li Yanjun , Liu Donghua , Wang Yu , Chen Jin , Ma Yuzhao , Chen Chang , Zhang Ying , Ding Donghai , Xiao Guoqing 
Published: October 2024

AbstractLow‐cost ceramic membrane support is important for the filtration performance of a asymmetry filtration membrane. In this study, the oil‐based drilling cutting pyrolysis residues (ODPRs) were used as raw materials incorporating with fly ash, and carbon particles were used as pore‐forming agents to prepare high‐flux low‐cost ceramic membrane supports. Besides the strength of the supports was decreased with increased carbon particles addition and size, the porosity, pore size and consequently the Darcey permeability k1 and pure water permeability of the support were increased with the increased carbon particle addition and size. The chemical stability of the support was deteriorated with the increased carbon particles addition. A leaching test on the support with 10% 12 µm carbon particle addition indicates that the support obtained by using the ODPRs incorporating with fly ash as raw materials is safe for aqueous filtration. This study showcased the utilization of ODPRs as a primary resource to manufacture a high‐permeability support for water filtration. This approach aligns with the principles of sustainable development, following a waste‐to‐product‐to‐environment pathway.
Fostering Inclusive Learning and 21st‐Century Skills: Creating Translanguaging Spaces in University Content and Language Integrated Learning Courses
Authors: Itoi Kiyu 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTContent and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) is an innovative educational approach applicable to diverse settings. CLIL promotes 21st‐century skills, including logical and critical thinking, problem‐solving, creativity, collaboration, and cross‐cultural awareness. In Asia, particularly Japan, CLIL has predominantly focused on English language acquisition, often overshadowing its broader goal of developing other skills. Accordingly, a new language course has been developed to enhance both language proficiency and 21st‐century skills among Japanese and English learners at an international university in Japan. This study presents findings from a larger case study that examines student and teacher experiences within the new CLIL framework, leveraging translanguaging pedagogy. Analyzing student reflections and interviews, this study highlights the role of translanguaging in enhancing 21st‐century skills such as leadership, critical thinking, and collaboration, particularly in group projects. However, deeply ingrained monolingual beliefs pose challenges to students fully embracing translanguaging methods, despite their educational value. This study provides insights for educators and policymakers advocating innovative language programs, particularly in fostering global citizenship and diverse skillsets essential in contemporary contexts. It also highlights the importance of integrating language learning with broader skill development in multicultural educational environments.
The Implementation of the KAM Reforms in Saudi Arabia: Stakeholder Perspectives on the Audit Expectations Gap
Authors: Al Qahtani Saeed , Phan Duc Hong Thi , Kend Michael , Alghasham Ola Mohammed A. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThis exploratory study investigates the implementation of key audit matters (KAM) in audit reports under ISA701 to better understand how KAM disclosures may help narrow the audit expectations gap. The study draws on findings from semi‐structured interviews with 28 professional stakeholders from the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). The study's aim was to explore the relationship between KAM disclosures and the audit expectations gap considering audit quality concerns. Our findings reveal that (i) financial statement users report that they better understand what the auditor does, which enhanced their confidence in the audit process; and (ii) at least some financial statement users report that KAM disclosures provide new information about companies' risks that management was not already providing. We further report that many interviewees (particularly Big Four external auditors) indicated that the KAM reforms did not enhance audit quality in KSA. Interestingly, a small number of non‐Big Four auditors believed that KAM disclosures have enhanced audit quality. The key message is that the KAM reforms did not necessarily improve audit quality but that they are perceived to have played a role in further narrowing the audit expectations gap and reducing the need for communication, thus creating market efficiencies.
Rheological properties and in vitro digestibility of chicken breast myofibrillar protein containing various psyllium (Plantago ovata) husk concentrations
Authors: Choi Ji Seon , Chin Koo Bok 
Published: October 2024

SummaryMost dietary fibres improved rheological properties but negatively impacted digestibility. However, the effect of psyllium husk powder (PHP) on digestibility has not been yet reported. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the rheological properties and digestibility of chicken myofibrillar protein (MP) containing different concentrations of PHP (0%, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%) at 0.45 m NaCl. To assess the rheological properties of MP, viscosity, hydrophobicity, disulphide bond, SDS–PAGE, cooking yield and gel strength were evaluated. The addition of PHP enhanced water retention capacity and protein–protein interactions in the MP system. To evaluate the effect of PHP on digestibility, protein digestibility, SDS–PAGE and microstructure observations were performed. It was confirmed that the addition of PHP improved the protein digestibility of MP by measuring the differences in protein content (%). Therefore, the addition of PHP into MP gel improved not only the rheological properties but also the protein digestibility during in vitro digestion.
The heart of the matter: a re‐iteration of the role of the social determinants of health in addressing health inequity in Central Australia
Authors: Naughton William , Baumann Angus A. , Neal Kirsten , Wilson Dan , Johnson Richard , Holwell Anna 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe persisting life‐expectancy ‘gap’ between First Nations and non‐First Nations Australians is fundamentally driven by the social determinants of health. These include income and social protection, access to adequate housing and food security, among others. These factors are particularly prominent in Central Australia. Inadequate housing has led to some of the highest rates of Streptococcus pyogenes infection in the world, which in turn drives an extremely high prevalence of rheumatic heart disease. Food insecurity and inadequate social protection manifesting as energy insecurity result in inadequate nutrition and have resulted in a huge burden of diabetes in Central Australia. These factors, combined with social exclusion, racism and the pervasive effect of colonisation, also drive a high rate of alcohol misuse. Only by prioritising equity in these ‘social determinants’ and emphasising the importance of First Nations leadership in formulating and implementing solutions will health inequity be addressed.