bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluating the Standardization of Transitions of Care in a Texas-Mexico Border Academic Family Medicine Practice
Authors: Kennedy Rachel A. , Padilla Margie E. , Andrews Sweta , Christenberry Emily J. , Winters Stella , Loya Amanda , Shokar Navkiran 
Published: January 2019

Purpose This quality improvement project aimed to assess the elements of the current workflow process that meets requirements for transitions of care from a family medicine inpatient to outpatient service following the Transitional Care Management (TCM) program developed by the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services. The purpose of the study was to assess the current family medicine workflow and determine whether the current process meets the criteria for billing and calculate the potential loss of reimbursement. Methods Interviews with key personnel, review of practice policies, and a retrospective chart review were performed for clinic patients discharged from the inpatient to outpatient family medicine service. Results A total of 37 patients met inclusion criteria for the chart review. Of these, 8% of patients seen at the outpatient clinic met all criteria for TCM. Potential reimbursement for those who met TCM criteria was $293.14 USD; the estimated potential TCM reimbursement for patients not meeting criteria was $1997.76 USD. Conclusion Standardized, team-based TCM services have shown to decrease readmission rates for high-risk patient populations. Results from this project identified processes in place at the family medicine practice to facilitate the development of a standardized transitional care service which could meet both TCM and best practice models.
Utility of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio plus C-reactive protein for infection in systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Broca-Garcia B E , Saavedra M A , Martínez-Bencomo M A , Montes-Cortes D H , Jara L J , Medina G , Vera-Lastra O , Cruz-Dominguez M P 
Published: January 2019

Distinction between infection and flare in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a challenge in clinical practice. Objective To analyze the utility of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) plus C-reactive protein (CRP) to differentiate between infection and active disease in patients with SLE. Methods A cross-sectional study of a cohort of patients with SLE was carried out. Blood samples from four groups (patients without infection or active disease, patients with infection, patients with active disease, and patients with both infection and active disease) before therapeutic interventions were analyzed. We excluded patients with current malignancy, pregnancy, ischemic heart disease or use of antimicrobials during previous 7 days. Hematological cell count, CRP and cultures were obtained. We constructed receiver operating characteristic curves; sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) were calculated. Results Forty patients were included. NLR cut-off ≥6.3 had sensitivity 70%, specificity 85%, PPV 83% and NPV 74% to detect patients with non-viral infections. A CRP cut-off ≥7.5 mg/L had sensitivity 90%, specificity 75%, PPV 78% and NPV 88% to detect infections regardless of SLE activity. Combination of CRP plus NLR improves the specificity to 90% and PPV to 88%. Excluding the group with both infection and active disease, CRP plus NLR expands specificity to 95% and NPV to 90%. Conclusion In our experience, levels of CRP, particularly CRP plus NLR, were useful in differentiating patients with SLE from those with suspected non-viral infection regardless of the activity of the disease.
Effect of MMT Clay Content on Thermal Behaviour of MDPE/MMT Nanocomposite
Authors: Sargolzaei J. , Tavakol M. , Akbarabady  
Published: January 2019

The thermal stability of medium-density polyethylene (MDPE)/Montmorillonite nanocomposite was studied by TGA and DSC methods in a wide range of temperature. The dispersion of the MMT clays on microscopic scales was examined using a Transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The mass loss from thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was used to study decomposition temperature in a temperature range from room temperature to 800 °C and DSC was used to probe melting and crystallization in a temperature range from room temperature to 300°C. Simultaneous TGA made possible to show that non modified MMT clay and MMT clay modified with alkyl ammonium salt exhibit a significant stabilizing effect on MDPE macromolecules in air atmosphere and DSC shows natural MMT and MMT clay modified with alkyl ammonium salt exhibit a significant change in melting, crystallization, enthalpy and crystalline content of samples. TEM image shows uniform dispersion and intercalation of MMT clays in nanocomposites.
The Peak Performance School: A Visionary Approach to School Restructuring
Authors: Moses Monte 
Published: January 2019

Public schools need revitalization. It can happen through the creation of a new vision that brings inspiration and meaning to the daily life of schools. But in order to find and actualize such a vision, educators will have to break away from old habits and learn to think within a paradigm that is more optimistic about human potential than the one currently dominating the profession. Without a new vision to guide it, restructuring will take schools no further than previous attempts at reform. Educational restructuring is a fundamental change of assumptions about what schools are for, how they are organized, and how they operate. Lynn Olson (1989) writes, “At its heart, the notion of restructuring emerges from a deep-seated and growing disenchantment with the current system, encompassing both the ways in which the teaching and learning occur and the management of the enterprise.”
Clinical Experiences in Educational Administration: A University Collaborates with Local School Districts
Authors: Krueger Jo Ann 
Published: January 2019

The preparation of educational administrators has been increasingly under indictment for its failure to prepare school leaders effectively (Achilles, 1984, 1990; National Commission on Excellence in Educational Administration, 1987; Murphy, 1990; Hallinger and Murphy, 1991). The criticism has focused on inadequate recruitment and selection procedures, ineffective classroom instruction, low standards for both admission to and completion of training programs, inconsistent content “decoupled from the realities that principals confront on the job” (Hallinger and Murphy, 1991, p. 515), and the perception that graduates are ill-prepared to assume roles in school leadership. In 1986 The Danforth Foundation initiated a response to the mounting criticism of educational administration preparation programs by sponsoring, over a five-year period, twenty-two university principal preparation programs, or projects, that would incorporate several innovative elements. These elements included, but were not limited to, shared responsibility between universities and school districts for recruiting students, jointly developed curriculum content, full-time internships, and provisions for placing program graduates in administrative positions (Ubben, 1989). The following pages describe, in part, one university's response, as a Danforth Program for the Preparation of School Principals, in providing a program in educational administration that is more closely linked with the practitioners’ world of school leadership.
In Search of a Knowledge Base to Guide Program Development in Educational Leadership
Authors: Daresh John C. 
Published: January 2019

Recently, the Executive Committee of the University Council for Educational Administration established a task force to study the issue of finding an appropriate knowledge base for educational administration (UCEA Review, 1991). This event underscores the fact that the field of educational administration is currently going through a period of great introspection. Simply stated, the goal is to improve practice, but that improvement must be based on a recognition of precisely what is the nature of the field. In this article, the search for a relevant knowledge base for the field of educational leadership is described. A number of potential sources for a knowledge base are identified. Finally, a newly-developed program in educational leadership at one university is presented to illustrate the way in which elements of the knowledge base have been incorporated into a new approach to the preparation of future school leaders.
The Medical Model and the Preparation of Education Professionals
Authors: Grady Marilyn L. 
Published: January 2019

By reviewing the training of medical professionals, one can identify simi-arities as well as interesting possibilities for the preparation of education professionals. On a very basic level, the fields of medicine and education hold the following in common: • Both fields are practice-oriented. • Both fields require individuals with problem-solving and decision-making skills. • Interpersonal relationship skills are a requisite for success in either field. • Information in both fields multiplies daily. • Lectures alone cannot convey the skills required for success in these fields.
Performance Skill Development of the Aspiring Principal Integrated into Principal Preparation
Authors: Van Berkum Dennis W. 
Published: January 2019

The preparation of school administrators, particularly school principals, has become a topic of discussion by many groups. Common to all discussions is the question “What knowledge and skills should aspiring administrators have and how should they be prepared?” Bennis (1989) indicated “how we translate this knowledge into action—is both complex and deep, as well as chronically elusive” (p. 30). The purpose of this article is to describe how an educational administration program model blends a knowledge base of educational administration and the performance skills needed for effective practice. The discussion focuses on the performance skill development of the aspiring administrator using the conceptual framework of the program model. It also offers performance-based illustrations and initial program evaluation.
Teacher Efficacy and Teacher Professional Learning: Implications for School Leaders
Authors: Scribner Jay Paredes 
Published: January 2019

This study examines teachers’ professional development experiences through the lenses of personal teaching efficacy and professional learning. This qualitative study examined the professional development experiences of teachers with either high or low senses of personal teaching efficacy. The study found that the level of personal teaching efficacy influences how and in what ways individual teachers experience professional development. The findings provide support for approaches to professional development that address individual needs. Also discussed are implications for school leaders and others charged with establishing professional learning environments that enhance teachers’ efficacy beliefs. Theories of professional learning underscore the importance of understanding how various individual characteristics such as career stage, level of expertise, and professional field influence professional learning. While empirical studies in these areas exist in fields such as medicine, law and business, relatively few studies focus on teacher perspectives on professional development (Cervero, 1988). As Cervero (1988) discusses, the type and quality of professional learning that occurs in practice depends, in part, on individual characteristics, including efficacy. Understanding how teachers experience professional learning is vital to create valuable (and valued) professional learning experiences. Few studies have examined this phenomenon in depth. Those that have, typically group teachers by career stage or content area. This study began to map teacher learning experiences according personal teaching efficacy and provided insight for future and practicing school leaders into the nature of teacher professional learning—a phenomenon that encompasses formal and informal learning, and is experienced differently by individual teachers. By understanding the role of characteristics such as personal teaching efficacy on professional learning, school leaders have more reason to promote professional learning opportunities that address teachers’ diverse needs.
Finding Balance in the Management of Sensitive Cultural Heritage Material in Extant Recorded Sound Collections
Authors: Lyons Bertram 
Published: January 2019

In the wake of NAGPRA (Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act, 1990), U.S. museums and archives are acutely aware of tangible cultural property issues. Cultural intellectual property remains legislatively neglected. Ethical precedent does exist, however, for museums and archives to treat intangible heritage with the same respect as tangible property. Recorded sound collections in many libraries, museums and archives in the United States hold ethnographic recordings of indigenous American cultures. These recordings are of immense value to the cultures and peoples they document as well as to those who study the history and development of humankind. Often they require special treatment or restricted access. Through the development of collections management policies and procedures, a responsible institution can identify sensitive recordings in its collections and isolate them for further investigation. By doing so, an institution can allow broader access to non-sensitive recordings and can begin the process of determining how to properly manage those that are culturally sensitive.
Critical Knowledge Gaps in Environmental Risk Assessment and Prioritising Research
Authors: Thickett David , Lankester Paul 
Published: January 2019

The scientific underpinning for the effects of environment on highly transformed archaeological materials is weak. Archaeological iron has been intensively studied recently, but the three publications about copper alloys disagree on critical RH thresholds and no work on pollutant effects has been published. This paper will assess the present state of knowledge and identify critical knowledge gaps. The effect of VOCs on organic materials has received very little attention. A recently started project, MEMORI will address this issue. The effects of acetic acid and other VOCs will be assessed. A more economic measurement system will be developed to address the cost barrier presently impeding VOC analyses in heritage atmospheres The balance of these risks may change in the future under the influence of climate change. Investigations to predict the changes inside buildings are underway. This information is crucial to prioritise future research to fill the gaps identified and formulate suitable, sustainable mitigation strategies.
Youth as Navigators: A Study Protocol to Incorporate Narrative and Visual Methods Into Research on Adolescent Sexual and Gender Development Among Syrian and Jordanian Youth
Authors: Gausman Jewel , Othman Areej , Otoom Maysoon , Shaheen Abeer , Langer Ana 
Published: January 2019

Background: The determinants of adolescent sexual and reproductive health originate in childhood and may stem from prepubescent experiences. There has been limited research on adolescent sexual and reproductive health from a life-course perspective globally, especially in the Middle East. Youth in Jordan are exposed to rigid social expectations and gender roles, which may influence sexual and reproductive health outcomes. The ongoing conflict in Syria and refugee crisis is thought to have altered community norms thereby influencing experiences that lead toward sexual development. Aim: This study seeks to understand how social, cultural, environmental, and biological factors influence adolescent sexual development and reproductive health among Jordanian and Syrian youth. This study will explore how social and gender norms have influenced adolescent sexual development across the life cycle related to key transitions between childhood and adulthood. Study Design and Methods: Sixty-four Jordanian and Syrian males and females aged between 15 and 19 years will be recruited by convenience from community centers in four cities across Jordan. This study will integrate both visual and narrative qualitative methods. By constructing a visual time line during semistructured in-depth interviews, we seek to give youth control in the retelling of their own life stories. Ethics and Discussion: This study has received ethical approval from both international and local institutional review boards. The findings of this study will provide important data on emergent priorities in the field of adolescent sexual and reproductive health, such as those related to gender, sexual maturation, and social norms, that will be of national, regional, and global significance.
Altered glial glutamate transporter expression in descending circuitry and the emergence of pain chronicity
Authors: Guo Wei , Imai Satoshi , Zou Shiping , Yang Jiale , Watanabe Mineo , Wang Jing , Dubner Ronald , Wei Feng , Ren Ke 
Published: January 2019

Background The glutamate type 1 transporter (GLT1) plays a major role in glutamate homeostasis in the brain. Although alterations of GLT1 activity have been linked to persistent pain, the significance of these changes is poorly understood. Focusing on the rostral ventromedial medulla, a key site in pain modulation, we examined the expression and function of GLT1 and related transcription factor kappa B-motif binding phosphoprotein (KBBP) in rats after adjuvant-induced hind paw inflammation. Results After inflammation, GLT1 and KBBP showed an early upregulation and gradual transition to downregulation that lasted throughout the eight-week observation period. Nitration of GLT1 was reduced at 30 min and increased at eight weeks after inflammation, suggesting an initial increase and later decrease in transporter activity. Mechanical hyperalgesia and paw edema exhibited an initial developing phase with peak hyperalgesia at 4 to 24 h, a subsequent attenuating phase, followed by a late persistent phase that lasted for months. The downregulation of GLT1 occurred at a time when hyperalgesia transitioned into the persistent phase. In the rostral ventromedial medulla, pharmacological block with dihydrokainic acid and RNAi of GLT1 and KBBP increased nociception and overexpression of GLT1 reversed persistent hyperalgesia. Further, the initial upregulation of GLT1 and KBBP was blocked by local anesthetic block, and pretreatment with dihydrokainic acid facilitated the development of hyperalgesia. Conclusions These results suggest that the initial increased GLT1 activity depends on injury input and serves to dampen the development of hyperalgesia. However, later downregulation of GLT1 fosters the net descending facilitation as injury persists, leading to the emergence of persistent pain.
Long-term results of arthroscopic debridement and percutaneous pinning for chronic dynamic scapholunate instability
Authors: Kim Jin-Kak , Lee Seung-Jin , Kang Sae-Hyun , Park Jun-Sik , Park Jin , Kim Gab-Lae 
Published: January 2019

There are various treatments for chronic dynamic scapholunate instability and there is still much debate about the best method of treatment. We retrospectively analysed 42 patients who had been treated by arthroscopic debridement and percutaneous pinning for chronic dynamic scapholunate instability. All patients were clinically improved without radiographic changes after surgery and were still satisfied at a mean follow-up of 68 months. Arthroscopic debridement and percutaneous pinning may be a good option for treating chronic dynamic scapholunate instability. Level of evidence: IV
A Closer Look at the Relationship Between Industry and Orthopaedic Sports Medicine Surgeons
Authors: Hughes Jonathan D. , Shin Jason J. , Albers Marcio , Musahl Volker , Fu Freddie H. 
Published: January 2019

Background: A recent study demonstrated that discrepancies exist between disclosures reported by authors publishing in The American Journal of Sports Medicine and disclosures listed in the Physician Payments Sunshine Act–initiated Open Payments database, managed by the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). However, no study to date has explored the relationship between the biopharmaceutical and device industry (industry) and the membership base of the American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine (AOSSM). Purpose: To critically examine the relationship between orthopaedic sports medicine surgeons and industry. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: The publicly available CMS Open Payments database website was accessed to search for sports medicine orthopaedic surgeons in the United States who were members of the AOSSM. Financial data, specifically general, research, and ownership payments for 2015, were recorded for each surgeon. The American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS) disclosures of each surgeon were then obtained. Descriptive statistics and simple proportions were calculated to summarize the collected data, including years in practice and amount of payment. Median values for general payments were compared to provide a more accurate reflection of payments transferred to a “typical” sports medicine surgeon. Results: A total of $58,113,561 in general payments, $3,996,051 in research payments, $72,481,814 in money invested, and $144,552,383 in interest earned from money invested were identified as being paid to 2274 surgeons (all amounts in US$). The distribution of total general payments received was skewed: 10% of surgeons received 95.4% ($55,463,183) of the total general payments. A total of 1433 surgeons had completed, up-to-date AAOS disclosures. Although 44% (635 surgeons) self-reported no financial conflict to the AAOS, the Open Payments database indicated some level of industry support to these surgeons. Unreported general payments totaled $1,393,212, or a median of $561 per surgeon (interquartile range, $10-$200,048). Conclusion: Although orthopaedic sports medicine surgeons received substantial payments from industry, most of the total general payments were given to a small proportion of people. The regional distribution of these payments did not differ significantly. Summary reports of data are largely skewed by outliers and should be interpreted with caution. However, a large percentage of these surgeons failed to reveal industry support of any kind in their AAOS disclosures, including meals and educational funding, demonstrating the importance of transparency and accuracy when completing financial disclosures.
FLT3-ITD impedes retinoic acid, but not arsenic, responses in murine acute promyelocytic leukemias
Authors: Esnault Cécile , Rahmé Ramy , Rice Kim L. , Berthier Caroline , Gaillard Coline , Quentin Samuel , Maubert Anne-Lise , Kogan Scott , de Thé Hugues 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is often associated with activating FLT3 signaling mutations. These are highly related to hyperleukocytosis, a major adverse risk factor with chemotherapy-based regimens. APL is a model for oncogene-targeted therapies: all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and arsenic both target and degrade its ProMyelocytic Leukemia/Retinoic Acid Receptor α (PML/RARA) driver. The combined ATRA/arsenic regimen now cures virtually all patients with standard-risk APL. Although FLT3-internal tandem duplication (ITD) was an adverse risk factor for historical ATRA/chemotherapy regimens, the molecular bases for this effect remain unknown. Using mouse APL models, we unexpectedly demonstrate that FLT3-ITD severely blunts ATRA response. Remarkably, although the transcriptional output of initial ATRA response is unaffected, ATRA-induced PML/RARA degradation is blunted, as is PML nuclear body reformation and activation of P53 signaling. Critically, the combination of ATRA and arsenic fully rescues therapeutic response in FLT3-ITD APLs, restoring PML/RARA degradation, PML nuclear body reformation, P53 activation, and APL eradication. Moreover, arsenic targeting of normal PML also contributes to APL response in vivo. These unexpected results explain the less favorable outcome of FLT3-ITD APLs with ATRA-based regimens, and stress the key role of PML nuclear bodies in APL eradication by the ATRA/arsenic combination.