bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impacts of dietary microalgae (Schizochytrium JB5) on growth performance, blood profiles, apparent total tract digestibility, and ileal nutrient digestibility in weaning pigs
Authors: Kibria Sumya , Kim In Ho 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDMicroalgae can serve as an alternative to animal feed additives or supplements in the diet of weaning pigs, to increase their potential and performance. Two experiments were conducted with three dietary treatments: CON (basal diet), MA1 (basal diet + 0.5% microalgae), and MA2 (basal diet + 1.0% microalgae). In Experiment 1, 150 crossbred weaning pigs were used in a 5‐week experiment. In Experiment 2, 15 cannulated barrows were used.The objective of this study was to determine the effects of dietary supplementation of Schizochytrium microalgae on growth performance, blood profiles, apparent total tract digestibility, and ileal nutrient digestibility in weaning pigs.RESULTSIn Experiment 1, pigs fed with MA2 had higher growth (P < 0.05) than pigs fed with MA1 from day 8 to day 21 but the experimental result showed no significant effects (P > 0.05) on growth performance, white blood cell, total cholesterol, and triglyceride among the treatments. However, lymphocytes (%) of pigs fed with MA1 and MA2 diets were significantly higher (P < 0.05) than those of pigs fed with a CON diet at day 35. In Experiment 2, the apparent total tract digestibility and ileal nutrient digestibility of dry matter and nitrogen were higher (P < 0.05) in pigs fed with MA1 and MA2 than in those fed with a CON diet.CONCLUSIONDietary microalgae supplementation had more dramatic and beneficial effects on nutrient digestibility than a CON diet. It also increased lymphocyte concentration but had no significant effect on growth performance in weaning pigs. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
The sharing and management of managers' knowledge: A structured literature review
Authors: Ouédraogo Miché , Rinfret Natalie 
Published: June 2019

The management and sharing of managers' knowledge constitute vital components of organizational success and performance. A range of existing studies on managerial knowledge has analyzed various aspects of knowledge sharing and management on a patchwork basis. With future research developments in mind, some stock‐taking of the current body of research studies should now be undertaken for the purpose of obtaining a clearer understanding of how managerial knowledge is and could be shared and managed. Specifically, this study strives to reply to three questions: (1) What is the status of the development of literature concerning managers' knowledge? (2) What are the various conceptualizations of managers' knowledge and of its sharing and management? (3) What are the main determinants of the sharing and management of managers' knowledge that have been identified in the literature?A structured literature review method was used to code and analyze 57 studies published between 1997 and 2016.The results show that 128 authors produced an average of 3.2 publications per year, offering an abundance of conceptualizations of managers' knowledge and of its sharing and management. Several individual and organizational determinants of managerial knowledge sharing and management were identified in our review. The various findings provide a basis for orienting future research in this field.
Accuracy of clinical scoring tools for the diagnosis of pediatric obstructive sleep apnea
Authors: Patel Anant P. , Meghji Sheneen , Phillips John S. 
Published: June 2019

ObjectivesTo assess the diagnostic test accuracy of questionnaire and clinical examination‐based scoring tools in the diagnosis of pediatric obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).MethodsA comprehensive literature search was performed to identify studies published from 1960 to 2018 that evaluated the accuracy of clinical scoring tools in the diagnosis of pediatric OSA. Studies that did not include attended polysomnography as a reference standard were excluded. The study populations were children under 18 years old without craniofacial abnormalities, congenital syndromes, or other complex medical conditions. Outcomes measures were diagnostic test accuracy (DTA) statistics including sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve (AUC) from receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.ResultsFifteen different scoring tools were identified. Authors chose different polysomnographic criteria to diagnose OSA. Four of the tools had undergone multiple DTA studies by different authors (OSA Score, Sleep‐Related Breathing Disorder [SRBD] scale, Severity Score, and OSA‐18). The Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire SRBD scale, which is widely used, has a sensitivity of 71% to 84% in included studies, but specificity as low as 13% and a low AUC of 0.57‐0.69, indicating poor diagnostic accuracy. None of the 15 scoring tools performed well enough to be considered accurate diagnostic tests for pediatric OSA.ConclusionsA well‐designed questionnaire can provide crucial information on the impact of sleep‐disordered breathing on a child's physical and psychological health, which may not be adequately reflected in objective polysomnography outcomes measures. However, DTA results indicate that published clinical scoring tools do not accurately predict a diagnosis of pediatric OSA as defined by polysomnography outcome measures. Laryngoscope, 130:1034–1043, 2020
9,10‐Dithio/oxo‐Anthracene as a Novel Photosensitizer for Photoinitiator Systems in Photoresists
Authors: Lei Jing , Akitoshi Tanimoto , Katou Sadaki , Murakami Yasuharu , Yin Jie , Jiang Xuesong 
Published: June 2019

AbstractFive novel 9,10‐dithio/oxo‐anthracenes (ANs) are synthesized, which can be used as efficient photosensitizers for a biimidazole (BCIM) photoinitiator system in dry film photoresists. The potential of ANs as photosensitizer for BCIM is investigated in detail through fluorescence spectra, ESR, and real‐time FT‐IR. The resulting ANs possess strong absorption in the near UV–vis range from 350 to 450 nm with high molar extinction coefficients. The thiol ether and phenyl groups can make UV–vis absorption to be enhanced and red‐shifted significantly. Upon irradiation with 365 or 450 nm of light, BCIM can be photosensitized by ANs and can initiate photopolymerization of acrylate monomer (HDDA) efficiently. The dry film photoresist containing AN@BCIM photoinitiator system can form fine micro‐patterns with high resolution through 405 nm laser direct‐writing photolithography.
High‐Strength, Rapidly Self‐Recoverable, and Antifatigue Nano‐SiO2/Poly(Acrylamide–Lauryl Methacrylate) Composite Hydrogels
Authors: Pan Shenxin , Xia Meng , Fang Zhengping , Fu Jing , Wu Yuting , Sun Zhengguang , Zhang Yuhong , He Peixin 
Published: June 2019

AbstractCreating load‐bearing hydrogels with superior mechanical strength and toughness is of vital importance for promoting the development of polymer hydrogels toward practical applications. Herein, a type of composite hydrogel is facilely fabricated employing simple and effective UV irradiation one‐pot method by introducing cheap and available nanosilica sol into hydrophobic association poly(acrylamide–lauryl methacrylate) (HAPAM gels). Composite hydrogels exhibit enhanced mechanical strength (compression stress reaching 4.4 MPa) and toughness (compression hysteresis energy achieved is 151.15 kJ m−3) compared to HAPAM gels. Composite hydrogels also demonstrate rapid self‐recovery behavior (95.91% stress recovery and 92.19% hysteresis energy recovery after restoration for 15 min, respectively) and favorable fatigue‐resistant ability without the help of external stimuli at room temperature based on the cyclic loading–unloading compression measurements. The simple and effective design strategy may help the development of hydrogel materials toward practical applications for soft sensors, tissue engineering, and actuators.
Functionalized Graphene Oxide Based on Hydrogen‐Bonding Interaction in Water: Preparation and Flame‐Retardation on Epoxy Resin
Authors: Zhao Bin , Liu Peng‐Wei , Liu Dong‐Yue , Kolibaba Thomas J. , Zhang Cong‐Yun , Liu Yan‐Ting , Liu Ya‐Qing 
Published: June 2019

AbstractA novel functionalized graphene oxide (f‐GO) decorated with phosphorus/nitrogen (P/N)‐containing molecules is fabricated using a facile water‐based procedure. The chemical structure and micro‐morphology are well characterized by a combination of experimental and theoretical methods. Reactive force field‐based molecular dynamics simulations reveal at the atomic level that the GO sheets are successfully functionalized with P‐N flame‐retardant molecules by means of hydrogen bonds. Subsequently, f‐GO with extremely low loading is introduced into epoxy resin (EP) for reducing its flammability. Thermogravimetric analysis suggests that f‐GO significantly reduces the maximum mass loss rate of EP and enhances the char‐yield during heating. Combined with the results of a microscale combustion calorimeter and limiting oxygen index, EP/f‐GO2 shows better flame retardancy than the other nanocomposites. Furthermore, the presence of 2 wt% f‐GO substantially reduces the fire hazard of EP, resulting in 29.3% decline in the peak heat release rate, as well as 73% and 65% reduction in total smoke production and rate of smoke release, respectively, according to cone calorimetric tests. Based on the analyses of the char layers, f‐GO is determined to promote the formation of a more protective phosphorus‐containing char barrier for EP during combustion, indicating an effective condensed phase flame‐retardant mechanism.
SNCAandmTORPathway Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms Interact to Modulate the Age at Onset of Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Fernández‐Santiago Rubén , Martín‐Flores Núria , Antonelli Francesca , Cerquera Catalina , Moreno Verónica , Bandres‐Ciga Sara , Manduchi Elisabetta , Tolosa Eduard , Singleton Andrew B. , Moore Jason H. ,   The International Parkinson's Disease Genomics Consortium, Martí María‐Josep , Ezquerra Mario , Malagelada Cristina 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundSingle nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the α‐synuclein (SNCA) gene are associated with differential risk and age at onset (AAO) of both idiopathic and Leucine‐rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2)‐associated Parkinson's disease (PD). Yet potential combinatory or synergistic effects among several modulatory SNPs for PD risk or AAO remain largely underexplored.ObjectivesThe mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway is functionally impaired in PD. Here we explored whether SNPs in themTORpathway, alone or by epistatic interaction with known susceptibility factors, can modulate PD risk and AAO.MethodsBased on functional relevance, we selected a total of 64 SNPs mapping to a total of 57 genes from themTORpathway and genotyped a discovery series cohort encompassing 898 PD patients and 921 controls. As a replication series, we screened 4170 PD and 3014 controls available from the International Parkinson's Disease Genomics Consortium.ResultsIn the discovery series cohort, we found a 4‐loci interaction involvingSTK11rs8111699,FCHSD1rs456998,GSK3Brs1732170, andSNCArs356219, which was associated with an increased risk of PD (odds ratio = 2.59,P< .001). In addition, we also found a 3‐loci epistatic combination ofRPTORrs11868112 andRPS6KA2rs6456121 withSNCArs356219, which was associated (odds ratio = 2.89;P< .0001) with differential AAO. The latter was further validated (odds ratio = 1.56;P= 0.046‐0.047) in the International Parkinson's Disease Genomics Consortium cohort.ConclusionsThese findings indicate that genetic variability in themTORpathway contributes toSNCAeffects in a nonlinear epistatic manner to modulate differential AAO in PD, unraveling the contribution of this cascade in the pathogenesis of the disease. © 2019 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Association of MAPT H1 subhaplotypes with neuropathology of lewy body disease
Authors: Heckman Michael G. , Kasanuki Koji , Brennan Rebecca R. , Labbé Catherine , Vargas Emily R. , Soto Alexandra I. , Murray Melissa E. , Koga Shunsuke , Dickson Dennis W. , Ross Owen A. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundGenetic variation at the microtubule‐associated protein tau locus is associated with clinical parkinsonism. However, it is unclear as to whether microtubule‐associated protein tau H1 subhaplotypes are associated with the burden of neuropathological features of Lewy body disease.ObjectivesTo evaluate associations of microtubule‐associated protein tau haplotypes with severity of Lewy body pathology and markers of SN neuronal loss in Lewy body disease cases.MethodsFive hundred eighty‐five autopsy‐confirmed Lewy body disease cases were included. Six microtubule‐associated protein tau variants (rs1467967, rs242557, rs3785883, rs2471738, rs8070723, and rs7521) were genotyped to define common microtubule‐associated protein tau haplotypes. Lewy body counts were measured in five cortical regions. Ventrolateral and medial SN neuronal loss were assessed semiquantitatively. Nigrostriatal dopaminergic degeneration was quantified by image analysis of tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactivity in the dorsolateral and ventromedial putamen.ResultsThe common microtubule‐associated protein tau H2 haplotype did not show a strong effect on pathological burden in Lewy body disease. The rare H1j haplotype (1.3%) was significantly associated with a lower dorsolateral putaminal tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactivity (and therefore greater dopaminergic degeneration) compared to other microtubule‐associated protein tau haplotypes (P = 0.0016). Microtubule‐associated protein tau H1j was also nominally (P ≤ 0.05) associated with a lower ventromedial putaminal tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactivity (P = 0.010), but this did not survive multiple testing correction. Other nominally significant associations between microtubule‐associated protein tau H1 subhaplotypes and neuropathological outcomes were observed.ConclusionsA rare microtubule‐associated protein tau H1 subhaplotype (H1j) may be associated with more severe putaminal dopaminergic degeneration in Lewy body disease cases. Microtubule‐associated protein tau H1j has been associated previously with an increased risk of PD, and therefore our exploratory findings provide insight into the mechanism by which H1j modulates PD risk. © 2019 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
An umbrella‐shaped broadband circularly polarized antenna with wide beamwidth for global navigation satellite systems applications
Authors: Yan Yang‐Dong , Jiao Yong‐Chang , Weng Zibin , Zhang Chi 
Published: June 2019

AbstractA novel umbrella‐shaped wideband circular polarization (CP) antenna with a wide half‐power beamwidth (HPBW) and a wide axial ratio (AR) bandwidth is proposed in this article. Two pairs of symmetrical patch dipoles are attached to the surface of an umbrella‐shaped substrate to broaden both the impedance bandwidth (IBW) and the HPBW. A parasitic metallic ring is located immediately above the umbrella substrate to provide further enhancement of the HPBW. Each patch dipole is excited via a coaxial line, while a conductor balun with length of λ0/4 (where λ0 is the wavelength of the center frequency) is introduced to obtain a feeding balance. Measurement results indicate that the proposed antenna has a −10 dB IBW of 71.3% (from 1.03 to 2.17 GHz), and a 3 dB AR bandwidth of 55.6% (from 1.13 to 2.0 GHz). Additionally, an HPBW of more than 110° is obtained over the whole CP bandwidth, 48.2% of which has an HPBW of more than 120°. The antenna has dimensions of 100 × 100 × 28 mm3, which corresponds to (0.52 × 0.52 × 0.14)λ03.
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: Origins traced to impaired balance between neural excitation and inhibition in the neonatal period
Authors: Kiernan Matthew C. , Ziemann Ulf , Eisen Andrew 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTAmyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is an adult onset disease but with an increasingly recognized preclinical prodrome. A wide spectrum of investigative approaches has identified loss of inhibitory function at the heart of ALS. In developing an explanation for the onset of ALS, it remains a consideration that ALS has its origins in neonatal derangement of the γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA)‐ergic system, with delayed conversion from excitatory to mature inhibitory GABA and impaired excitation/inhibition balance. If this is so, the resulting chronic excitotoxicity could marginalize cortical network functioning very early in life, laying the path for neurodegeneration. The possibility that adult‐onset neurodegenerative conditions might have their roots in early developmental derangements is worthy of consideration, particularly in relation to current models of disease pathogenesis. Unraveling the very early molecular events will be crucial in developing a better understanding of ALS and other adult neurodegenerative disorders. Muscle Nerve, 2019
Uniformly convergent novel finite difference methods for singularly perturbed reaction–diffusion equations
Authors: He Xuefei , Wang Kun 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIn this paper, we construct a kind of novel finite difference (NFD) method for solving singularly perturbed reaction–diffusion problems. Different from directly truncating the high‐order derivative terms of the Taylor's series in the traditional finite difference method, we rearrange the Taylor's expansion in a more elaborate way based on the original equation to develop the NFD scheme for 1D problems. It is proved that this approach not only can highly improve the calculation accuracy but also is uniformly convergent. Then, applying alternating direction implicit technique, the newly deduced schemes are extended to 2D equations, and the uniform error estimation based on Shishkin mesh is derived, too. Finally, numerical experiments are presented to verify the high computational accuracy and theoretical prediction.
The value of echocardiography and Doppler in the prediction of fetal demise after laser coagulation for TTTS: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Gijtenbeek Manon , Eschbach Sanne J. , Middeldorp Johanna M. , Klumper Frans J.C.M. , Slaghekke Femke , Oepkes Dick , Haak Monique C. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the value of echocardiography and Doppler before fetoscopic laser coagulation for twin‐twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) in the prediction of intrauterine fetal demise (IUFD). We performed a systematic review and meta‐analysis to compare preoperative parameters between fetuses with and without demise after laser surgery. Eighteen studies were included. Recipient twins have an increased risk of demise in case of preoperative absent/reversed flow (A/REDF) in the umbilical artery (odds ratio [OR] 2.76, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.78‐4.28), absent or reversed a‐wave in the ductus venosus (OR 2.32, 95% CI, 1.70‐3.16), or a middle cerebral artery peak systolic velocity > 1.5 multiples of the median (MoM) (OR 7.59, 95% CI, 2.56‐22.46). In donors, only A/REDF in the umbilical artery (OR 3.40, 95% CI, 2.68‐4.32) and absent or reversed a‐wave in the ductus venosus (OR 1.66, 95% CI, 1.12‐2.47) were associated with IUFD. No association was found between donor‐IUFD and preoperative myocardial performance index (MPI). Two studies found an association between abnormal MPI and recipient demise. With this study, we have identified a set of preoperative Doppler parameters predictive of fetal demise after laser surgery. More research is needed to assess the utility of preoperative echocardiographic parameters such as the MPI in predicting IUFD.
Impact of a population‐based asthma management program in France (Sophia Asthme): A matched controlled before‐and‐after quasi‐experimental study using the French health insurance database (SNDS)
Authors: Dib Fadia , de Rycke Yann , Guillo Sylvie , Lafourcade Alexandre , Raherison Chantal , Taillé Camille , Tubach Florence 
Published: June 2019

AbstractPurposeSophia Asthme (SA) is a chronic disease management program of the French national health insurance for adult patients with asthma. We evaluated the early impact of this intervention.MethodsWe conducted a matched controlled, before‐and‐after quasi‐experimental study within the French Health Insurance Database (Système National Des Données de Santé [SNDS]). The SA program was implemented in a set of 18 Départements in France and targeted 18‐ to 44‐year‐old subjects, with at least two reimbursement dates for asthma drug therapy during the 12‐month period prior to program targeting. Change in outcomes was assessed from the “before program” period (January‐December 2014) to the “after program implementation” period (March 2015‐February 2016) in the program group (eligible to SA program in the 18 Départements) and in the matched controlled group. The main outcome measure was the before‐after change in proportion of subjects with a controllers/(controllers+relievers) ratio greater than 50%.ResultsOf the 99 578 subjects of the program group, 9225 (9.3%) actually participated in SA program. The program had no significant impact on the proportion of subjects with a ratio greater than 50%. However, subjects exposed to SA program were significantly more likely to be dispensed controller medications (OR = 1.04; 95% CI, 1.01‐1.07) and to sustain their use of these medications (OR = 1.08; 95% CI, 1.05‐1.12).ConclusionWe did not demonstrate any significant impact of the program on the primary outcome. The modest yet encouraging findings of this early evaluation suggest the need for reformulation of the program and its evaluation.
Central precocious puberty as a prelude to hypogonadism in a patient with Klinefelter syndrome
Authors: Gong Chunxiu , Li Lele , Chen Jiahui , Li Wenjing 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIntroductionIncomplete pubertal development is a common phenomenon found in patients with Klinefelter syndrome (KFS). KFS combined with central precocious puberty (CPP) rarely occurs. We herein report a rare case of KFS with CPP and review several studies to determine the possible mechanism underlying this condition.Case presentationAn 8‐year, 5‐month‐old male patient was admitted to our hospital because of enlargement of the penis and small testes. Laboratory evaluation revealed high luteinizing hormone and follicle‐stimulating hormone levels, a high testosterone level, and the 48,XXYY karyotype. He was treated with triptorelin. One year later, the patient's testosterone level decreased and pubertal arrest occurred.ConclusionThe literature review in this study showed that the occurrence of hypogonadism combined with CPP is not unique to patients with KFS; it has also been reported in individuals with Turner syndrome, adrenal hypoplasia congenita, and other diseases. Such individuals share common features including partial hypogonadism and a normal hypothalamic‐pituitary‐gonadal axis. CPP is considered a prelude to hypogonadism, and treatment with a gonadotropin‐releasing hormone agonist may prevent gonadal failure.