bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pathway to Public Health: Investigating Reasons Behind the University of Sunderland Students Pursuit of Postgraduate Studies
Authors: Oiboh Stephanie Nehita , Sivasubramanian Madhini 
Published: October 2024

Background: Postgraduate studies in public health are vital for addressing global healthcare challenges. This study examines the factors motivating students at the University of Sunderland to pursue advanced degrees in public health, aiming to understand both personal and external influences on their educational choices.
Methods: The study employed a cross-sectional quantitative design, utilizing a structured questionnaire with closed-ended questions. The research was conducted at the University of Sunderland's main and London campuses, targeting postgraduate public health students. Purposive sampling was used to select participants, and data were analyzed using SPSS version 28.0, focusing on descriptive statistics such as frequencies, percentages, and standard deviations.
Results: Out of 102 respondents, 94 met the eligibility criteria. The mean age was 31.5 years, with a majority being female (61.8%) and from the African continent (58.5%). Most respondents (52.1%) had clinical experience, and a significant portion (66%) cited career advancement as their primary motivation. Other notable motivations included improving community health (60.6%) and a desire to work in healthcare policy (44.7%). Cultural background significantly influenced motivations related to global health challenges, while academic history significantly affected motivations concerning community health improvement and disease prevention.
Discussion: The findings highlight the diverse motivations driving students to pursue postgraduate public health studies, with career advancement being the most significant factor. Cultural and academic backgrounds play crucial roles in shaping these motivations, suggesting the need for tailored support and resources to address the specific needs of diverse student populations. The study underscores the importance of understanding these motivational factors to enhance educational strategies and support services for public health students.
Les complications rhumatologiques de l’hémodialyse à Cotonou (Bénin)
Authors: Doussou-Yovo H , Zomalheto Z , Agboton BL , Vigan J , Gounongbé M , Zossoungbo F , Biaou O , Avimadje M , Eti E 
Published: October 2024

Objectif : Etudier les aspects rhumatologiques des complications de l’hémodialyse à Cotonou.
PAtients et méthodes : Etude transversale rétro prospective et descriptive sur six mois, ayant porté sur des patients hémodialysés chroniques d’au moins trois mois d’ancienneté en hémodialyse, fréquentant les services de Rhumatologie et de Néphrologie-hémodialyse du CNHU-HKM. Les données recueillies ont été analysées grâce au logiciel SPSS 21.
Résultats : Quatre-vingt-dix-huit sur 172 patients hémodialysés chroniques enquêtés (56,98%) avaient signalé la présence d’au moins une affection rhumatologique. L’âge moyen des patients était de 52,07 ans ± 11,89 ans. Le sex-ratio (H/F) était de 1,09. Le maître symptôme était la douleur, observée chez 96 patients (97,96 %). Les douleurs étaient articulaires périphériques chez 66 cas (67,34%), rachidiennes chez 63 cas (64,29%), musculo-tendineuses chez 26 cas (26,53%) et osseuses chez 24 cas (24,49%). Les signes radiologiques étaient dominés par l’aspect classique en « maillot de rugby » des vertèbres chez 18 cas (18,37%). L’ostéodystrophie rénale était la pathologie la plus fréquente avec 27 cas (27,55%), derrière les cas assimilables aux atteintes amyloïdes à β2-microglobuline avec 31 cas (31,63%) dont 16 cas (16,33%) d’oligo-polyarthralgies inflammatoires indéterminées (simples ou destructrices), 12 cas (12,24%) de tendinopathies et 3 cas (3,06%) de syndrome canalaire. Les infections ostéo-articulaires concernaient 9 cas (9,18%) et l’arthropathie microcristalline 5 cas (5,10%) dont 4 cas de goutte et 1 cas de chondrocalcinose.
Conclusion : Les affections rhumatologiques sont assez fréquentes dans notre série, touchant plus de la moitié des patients hémodialysés chroniques à Cotonou. L’identification et la prise en charge de ces affections sont indispensables pour améliorer la qualité de vie de ces patients.
La goutte à Kara (Togo) : caractéristiques épidémiologiques et diagnostiques de 88 patients
Authors: Diallo LM , Oniankitan S , Fianyo E , Kamissoko AB , Koffi-Tessio VES , Nouvedji KA , Tagbor KC , Houzou P , Kakpovi K , Oniankitan O , Mijiyawa M 
Published: October 2024

Objectif : Déterminer le profil épidémiologique et diagnostique de la goutte à Kara
Patients et méthodes : Nous avons mené une étude transversale à collecte rétrospective et à visée descriptive dans le service de rhumatologie du CHU Kara sur une période de 11 ans (1er janvier 2012 au 31 décembre 2022). Les patients répondant aux critères EULAR 2006 de la goutte ont été inclus.
Résultats : Sur 4905 dossiers que nous avons colligés pendant la période d’étude, on rapportait 88 cas de goutte (1,79%). L’âge moyen des patients était de 53,65 ± 12,43 ans et le sex ratio était de 7,09. L’hypertension artérielle et le diabète sucré représentaient respectivement 48 cas (54,50%) et 11 cas (11,36%). L’indice de masse corporelle (IMC) moyen était de 28,32 Kg/m2 ± 3,12 Kg/m2, et 18,18% des patients étaient obèses. La douleur articulaire était observée chez tous les malades (100%) et la tuméfaction articulaire chez 62 patients (96,87%). L’oligoarthrite était retrouvée chez 54 patients (61,36%) et la monoarthrite dans 20,45% des cas. Dans 77,27% des cas, les crises survenaient après une consommation d’alcool. L’atteinte des chevilles était observée dans 53 cas (60,22%). Le taux moyen d’uricémie était de 82,14 mg/l ± 13,46 mg/l. La recherche des cristaux d’urates mono-sodiques était faite chez huit patients et était positive chez cinq patients. Trente et huit patients avaient une crise de goutte (43,18%) et 50 avaient des manifestations chroniques de la goutte (56,81%). Parmi ces derniers, 17 patients (26,98%) avaient des tophi, 35 (39,72%) avaient une arthropathie, et neuf patients (10,22%) avaient une insuffisance rénale chronique.
Conclusion : La goutte est relativement fréquente en milieu rhumatologique à Kara avec une prédominance masculine. Les signes cliniques et les aspects diagnostiques sont classiques, marqués par la faible réalisation du diagnostic positif formel
Achievement Motivation and its Relationship to Critical Thinking among Nursing Students in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alatawi Abeer , Almater Latifah A. , Rezq Khulud Ahmad , Salem Raneen 
Published: October 2024

The study aimed to identify Achievement Motivation and its Relationship to critical thinking among nursing students in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The research sample consisted of 200 male and female students from the College of Nursing in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The researchers used the descriptive approach and the results of the study reached: Summary of the results of the first question: It turns out that the degree of availability of the level of motivation among female nursing students in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia was (very high), as the general average was (4.5381), with a standard deviation of (.19607). The degree of evaluation of the study dimensions was arranged according to the highest arithmetic mean as follows: 1. The scope and clarity of the goal was rated very high, with an arithmetic average of (4.54). 2. The field of ambition level dimension was rated very high, with an arithmetic average of (4.5478). 3. The domain of perseverance dimension was rated very high, with an arithmetic average of (4.4972) .4. The field of perceived efficiency dimension was rated very high, with an arithmetic average of (4.5294). and It is clear from the level of critical thinking skills among female nursing students in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia was (very high), as the general average for the second axis was (4.5570), with a standard deviation of (.19470). The degree of evaluation of the study dimensions was arranged according to the highest arithmetic mean as follows: 1. The skill of making predictions dimension was rated very high, with an arithmetic average of (4.5625( 2. The skill of interpretation dimension was rated very high, with an arithmetic average of (4.5680). 3. The skill of evaluating arguments dimension came with a very high rating, with an arithmetic average of (4.5137( 4. The skill of deduction dimension was rated very high, with an arithmetic average of (4.5430). 5. The skill of reasoning dimension came with a very high rating, with an arithmetic average of (4.5900). and It shows that there is a statistically significant correlation between the degree of availability of achievement motivation and critical thinking among nursing students in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia at a significance level of less than (0.05), and the correlation coefficient was equal to (.336**), which is a high positive value. It indicates the existence of a strong positive relationship between achievement motivation and critical thinking.
Analisis Buku Teks Matematika Smk Kelas XI Teknik Elektronika Di Smk N 1 Padang
Authors: Sundari Siti , Khaidir Cristina 
Published: October 2024

Analisis Buku Teks matematika SMK, bahan ajar, laporan hasil observasi, pembelajaran, Sekolah Menengah Atas, Observasi ini bertujuan untuk menilai kesesuain isi buku teks matematika dengan kurikulum SMK dan buku buku teks matematika dengan pembelajaran yang diterapkan agar dpat mengevaluasi dan memberikan rekomendasi untuk peningkatan buku teks matematika yang digunakan di kelas XI Teknik Elektronika SMK N 1 Padang. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Data dan sumber data yang didapatkan berasal dari analisis buku teks matematika yang digunakan observasi dan pengamatan hasil wawancara. Teknik Sampling yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling yang melakukan analisis data dengan pertimbangan tertentu. Data penelitian ini dikumpulkan dalam beberapa teknik yaitu, observasi, wawancara dan analisis buku teks. Analisis data dilakukan dengan mereduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini adalah (1) merekomendasikan perbaikan bukut teks agar lebih sesuai dengan kurikulum dan kebutuhan siswa SMK; (2) merekomendasikan sumber belajar pendukung sebagai pelengkap kekurangan buku teks yang digunakan; (3) memberikan informasi kepada guru dan pihak sekolah tentang kualitas buku teks yang digunakan serta kesesuainnya dengan kebutuhan pembelajaran siswa SMK
The Poet-Creator of Philosophy: To the Methodology of Research in Philosophical Thought by Rabindranath Tagore
Authors: Skorokhodova Tatiana G. 
Published: October 2024

The Indian poet and educator Rabindranath Tagore was the creator of an original philosophy that gives additional meaning to the picture of the history of Indian philosophy in the 20th century. He usually emphasized his identity as a poet and an artist, not considering himself a philosopher. However, Tagore embodies the phenomenon of a poet-thinker who comprehends universal philosophical problems and, in the process of philosophizing, offers his own vision of them. Moreover, he owns a number of texts of a religious-philosophical and socio-philosophical nature, in addition to the content of poetry and fiction. The philosophy created by the poet requires a comprehensive holistic study, which, in turn, raises the problem of research methodology. The article proposes the author's methodology for the reconstruction of Rabindranath Tagore's philosophy, based on an understanding of his personality, the contexts of thought and the hermeneutics of texts. The methodological model of philosophy reconstruction includes three levels. The first involves analyzing the personality of R. Tagore using the categories "cross-cultural thinker" and "problematic thinker". The second is a description of the contexts of his philosophizing: external general civilizational, internal epochal and internal biographical. The third is the hermeneutics of texts, taking into account the poetic component and the philosophical problems of speeches and fiction. The novelty of the described methodological model is due to the possibilities and prospects of reconstructing Tagore's philosophical thought and concepts. 1. Description of the phenomenon of a poet and writer creating a philosophy in which the experience of artistic creation generates a universal religious and social meaning and actualizes humanistic issues. 2. Presentation of the process of formation of cross-cultural philosophy of the XX century on the material of a particular thinker. 3. The analysis of the contexts of the unfolding of philosophy helps to trace the continuity of the thinker and his ideas with the Indian philosophical tradition in a broad sense and at the same time identify innovation, not least due to his dialogue with Western culture and modernity. 4. Seeing Tagore's philosophy as a kind of quintessence of the Bengali Renaissance heritage, it is not difficult to notice its significance and relevance for modernity. 5. Reconstruction along the proposed methodological path will open up not only direct, but also comparative prospects for studying Tagore's philosophical thought in comparison with the reflections of philosophers from different cultural areas, primarily peripheral to the West and non-Western ones.
Dynamics of Internal Tides Over a Shallow Ridge Investigated With a High‐Resolution Downscaling Regional Ocean Model
Authors: Masunaga Eiji , Uchiyama Yusuke , Suzue Yota , Yamazaki Hidekatsu 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThis study investigates the dynamics of tidally induced internal waves over a shallow ridge, the Izu‐Ogasawara Ridge off the Japanese mainland, using a downscaled high‐resolution regional ocean numerical model. Both the Kuroshio and tides contribute to the field of currents in the study area. The model results show strong internal tidal energy fluxes over the ridge, exceeding 3.5 kW m−1, which are higher than the fluxes along the Japanese mainland. The flux in the upstream side of the Kuroshio is enhanced by an interaction of internal waves and currents. The tidal forcing induces 92% of the total internal wave energy flux, exhibiting the considerable dominance of tides in internal waves. The tidal forcing enhances the kinetic energy, particularly in the northern area of the ridge where the Kuroshio Current is not a direct influence. The tidal forcing contributes to roughly 30% of the total kinetic energy in the study area.
Pore‐Scale Reconstruction and Simulation of Non‐Darcy Flow in Synthetic Porous Rocks
Authors: Zhao Yixin , Zhu Guangpei , Zhang Cun , Liu Shimin , Elsworth Derek , Zhang Tong 
Published: March 2018

AbstractWe image synthetic porous rocks of varied porosity and pore size by micro–computed tomography with pore‐scale finite element modeling representing the pore space for single‐phase fluid flow. The simulations quantify the key features of microscale flow behavior in the synthetic cores. The smaller the permeability, the greater the critical pressure gradient required for the onset of non‐Darcy fluid flows, and the easier the emergence of nonlinear seepage within the tested cores. The relationship between permeability and porosity from different methods shows a power law correlation with pressure. Structural heterogeneity and anisotropy of the pore systems are shown to have a significant impact on transport through the three‐dimensional pore model—exhibiting irregular flow fields. The simulated permeabilities of the tested cores vary by a factor of 2–5 depending on the fluid flow directions. With the increase of flow seepage velocity, the flow regime deviates from Darcy linear relationship and non‐Darcy behavior (inertia) leads to a reduction in the effective permeability of the core. Both experiments and modeling demonstrate that the larger the porosity and permeability, the stronger the non‐linear phenomenon of the seepage within the pore space. A method is proposed to estimate the non‐Darcy coefficient β based on simulation results, which provides a good prediction for all the tested cores. A new equation is established to predict the transition of flow patterns as a function of the apparent permeability K* and Reynolds number Re. The K*‐Re model provides a theoretical approach to dynamically describe the transition from Darcy to Forchheimer flow.
Quantifying the Impacts of Subpixel Reflectance Variability on Cloud Optical Thickness and Effective Radius Retrievals Based On High‐Resolution ASTER Observations
Authors: Werner F. , Zhang Z. , Wind G. , Miller D. J. , Platnick S. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractRecently, Zhang et al. (2016, https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JD024837) presented a mathematical framework based on a second‐order Taylor series expansion in order to quantify the plane‐parallel homogeneous bias (PPHB) in cloud optical thickness (τ) and effective droplet radius (reff) retrieved from the bispectral solar reflective method. This study provides observational validation of the aforementioned framework, using high‐resolution reflectance observations from the Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) over 48 marine boundary layer cloud scenes. ASTER reflectances at a horizontal resolution of 30 m are aggregated up to a scale of 1,920 m, providing retrievals of τ and reff at different spatial resolutions. A comparison between the PPHB derived from these retrievals and the predicted PPHB from the mathematical framework reveals a good agreement with correlation coefficients of r > 0.97 (for Δτ) and r > 0.79 (for Δreff). To test the feasibility of PPHB predictions for present and future satellite missions, a scale analysis with varying horizontal resolutions of the subpixel and pixel‐level observations is performed, followed by tests of corrections with only limited observational high‐resolution data. It is shown that for reasonably thick clouds with a mean subpixel τ larger than 5, correlations between observed and predicted PPHB remain high, even if the number of available subpixels decreases or just a single band provides the information about subpixel reflectance variability. Only for thin clouds the predicted Δreff become less reliable, which can be attributed primarily to an increased retrieval uncertainty for reff.
Temporal Coupling of Subsurface and Surface Soil CO2 Fluxes: Insights From a Nonsteady State Model and Cross‐Wavelet Coherence Analysis
Authors: Samuels-Crow Kimberly E. , Ryan Edmund , Pendall Elise , Ogle Kiona 
Published: March 2018

AbstractInferences about subsurface CO2 fluxes often rely on surface soil respiration (Rsoil) estimates because directly measuring subsurface microbial and root respiration (collectively, CO2 production, STotal) is difficult. To evaluate how well Rsoil serves as a proxy for STotal, we applied the nonsteady state DEconvolution of Temporally varying Ecosystem Carbon componenTs model (0.01‐m vertical resolution), using 6‐hourly data from a Wyoming grassland, in six simulations that cross three soil types (clay, sandy loam, and sandy) with two depth distributions of subsurface biota. We used cross‐wavelet coherence analysis to examine temporal coherence (localized linear correlation) and offsets (lags) between STotal and Rsoil and fluxes and drivers (e.g., soil temperature and moisture). Cross‐wavelet coherence revealed higher coherence between fluxes and drivers than linear regressions between concurrent variables. Soil texture and moisture exerted the strongest controls over coherence between CO2 fluxes. Coherence between CO2 fluxes in all soil types was strong at short (~1 day) and long periods (>8 days), but soil type controlled lags, and rainfall events decoupled the fluxes at periods of 1–8 days for several days in sandy soil, up to 1 week in sandy loam, and for a month or more in clay soil. Concentrating root and microbial biomass nearer the surface decreased lags in all soil types and increased coherence up to 10% in clay soil. The assumption of high temporal coherence between Rsoil and STotal is likely valid in dry, sandy soil, but may lead to underestimates of short‐term STotal in semiarid grasslands with fine‐grained and/or wet soil.
A Fourier Method for Sidelobe Reduction in Equally Spaced Linear Arrays
Authors: Safaai‐Jazi Ahmad , Stutzman Warren L. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractUniformly excited, equally spaced linear arrays have a sidelobe level larger than −13.3 dB, which is too high for many applications. This limitation can be remedied by nonuniform excitation of array elements. We present an efficient method for sidelobe reduction in equally spaced linear arrays with low penalty on the directivity. The method involves the following steps: construction of a periodic function containing only the sidelobes of the uniformly excited array, calculation of the Fourier series of this periodic function, subtracting the series from the array factor of the original uniformly excited array after it is truncated, and finally mitigating the truncation effects which yields significant increase in sidelobe level reduction. A sidelobe reduction factor is incorporated into element currents that makes much larger sidelobe reductions possible and also allows varying the sidelobe level incrementally. It is shown that such newly formed arrays can provide sidelobe levels that are at least 22.7 dB below those of the uniformly excited arrays with the same size and number of elements. Analytical expressions for element currents are presented. Radiation characteristics of the sidelobe‐reduced arrays introduced here are examined, and numerical results for directivity, sidelobe level, and half‐power beam width are presented for example cases. Performance improvements over popular conventional array synthesis methods, such as Chebyshev and linear current tapered arrays, are obtained with the new method.
GITM‐Data Comparisons of the Depletion and Enhancement During the 2017 Solar Eclipse
Authors: Wu Chen , Ridley A. J. , Goncharenko Larisa , Chen Gang 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe total solar eclipse of 21 August 2017 was simulated with the Global Ionosphere‐Thermosphere Model (GITM), and the results were compared with the total electron content (TEC) measurements provided by the Global Navigation Satellite System, as well as F2 layer peak electron density (NmF2) derived from six ionosondes. TEC decreased over North America by ~54.3% in the model and ~57.6% in measurements, and NmF2 decreased by ~20–50% in the model and ~40–60% in the measurements. GITM predicted a posteclipse enhancement of ~10% in TEC and NmF2, consistent with observations which suggested an increase of ~10–25% in TEC and ~10–40% in NmF2. GITM showed that the divergence of horizontal winds drove the increase in Oxygen after the eclipse allowing an increase in the ionization rate. The slower charge exchange due to both the decreased ion temperature and N2 density allowed an increase of O+ density in the F region also.