bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A reciprocal branching problem for automorphic representations and global Vogan packets
Authors: Jiang Dihua , Liu Baiying , Xu Bin 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Let G be a group and let H be a subgroup of G. The classical branching rule (or symmetry breaking) asks: For an irreducible representation π of G,
determine the occurrence of an irreducible representation σ of H in the restriction of π to H. The reciprocal branching problem of this classical branching problem
is to ask: For an irreducible representation σ of H, find an irreducible representation π of G such that σ occurs in the restriction
of π to H. For automorphic representations of classical groups, the branching problem has been addressed by the well-known global Gan–Gross–Prasad conjecture.
In this paper, we investigate the reciprocal branching problem for automorphic representations
of special orthogonal groups using the twisted automorphic descent method as developed in [13]. The method may be applied to
other classical groups as well.
Points of density and ideals of subsets of ℕ
Authors: Wilczyński Władysław , Wojdowski Łukasz , Wojdowski Wojciech 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The paper deals with two ideals of subsets of

ℕ

{\mathbb{N}}

defined with the help of density points and its category analogue.
We present basic properties of these ideals and show that they are incomparable under inclusion.
Aiming for a standardized protocol for preparing a process green synthesis report and for ranking multiple synthesis plans to a common target product
Authors: Andraos John 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This paper proposes a standardized format for the preparation of process green synthesis reports that can be applied to chemical syntheses of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) of importance to the pharmaceutical industry. Such a report is comprised of the following eight sections: a synthesis scheme, a synthesis tree, radial pentagons and step E-factor breakdowns for each reaction step, a tabular summary of key material efficiency step and overall metrics for a synthesis plan, a mass process block diagram, an energy consumption audit based on heating and cooling reaction and auxiliary solvents, a summary of environmental and safety-hazard impacts based on organic solvent consumption using the Rowan solvent greenness index, and a cycle time process schedule. Illustrative examples of process green synthesis reports are given for the following pharmaceuticals: 5-HT2B and 5-HT7 receptors antagonist (Astellas Pharma), brivanib (Bristol-Myers Squibb), and orexin receptor agonist (Merck). Methods of ranking synthesis plans to a common target product are also discussed using 6 industrial synthesis plans of apixaban (Bristol-Myers Squibb) as a working example. The Borda count method is suggested as a facile and reliable computational method for ranking multiple synthesis plans to a common target product using the following 4 attributes obtained from a process green synthesis report: process mass intensity, mass of sacrificial reagents used per kg of product, input enthalpic energy for solvents, and Rowan solvent greenness index for organic solvents.
Moisture-dependent orthotropic viscoelastic properties of Chinese fir wood during quenching in the temperature range of 20 to −120°C
Authors: Li Zhu , Jiang Jiali , Lyu Jianxiong 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
An understanding of wood’s moisture-dependent viscoelastic properties under various temperature conditions is important for assessing its utilization and product quality. In this study, we investigated the influence of moisture content (MC) on the orthotropic viscoelasticity of Chinese fir wood (Cunninghamia lanceolata [Lamb.] Hook.) during quenching ranging from 20 to −120°C. The storage modulus (E′) and loss factor (tan δ) of the longitudinal (L), radial (R) and tangential (T) specimens were determined for nine MC levels ranging from 0.6 to 60.0%. The results showed that E′ generally decreased with increasing amount of bound water in all orthotropic directions, regardless of the temperature. In contrast, a sharp increase in E′ was observed at temperatures below 0°C when free water was present, due to the formation of ice within the cell lumens. The γ-relaxation and β-relaxation were observed in the temperature spectrum. A comparison demonstrates that the β-relaxation showed evident grain orientation. When only bound water was present in the wood cell wall, one clear γ-relaxation was found for all orthotropic directions. In contrast, only the high-temperature side of the γ-relaxation was observed in the three anatomic directions in specimens with free water, which might be related to the amorphous wood cell wall coupling with the frozen free water during the quenching process. In addition, the differences in peak temperatures of the γ-relaxation among the three main directions diminished with increasing bound water.
A molecular model for reversible and irreversible hygroscopicity changes by thermal wood modification
Authors: Willems Wim , Altgen Michael , Rautkari Lauri 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Heat treatment (HT) is a well-known means to reduce the equilibrium wood moisture content (EMC) at a specified relative humidity (RH). EMC is profoundly decreased by the loss of accessible hydroxyl groups (OHacc) in the wood matrix by thermochemical reactions. However, the obtained EMC reduction after HT can be partly reversible, depending on the ability of the wood matrix polymers to fully mechanically relax during HT. We discuss the results of our earlier experimental study on the OHacc content and the associated EMC decrease at 93% RH by a relaxation inhibiting dry-HT vs. a relaxation enabling wet-HT. New experimental results, showing that OHacc does not significantly change during reversible EMC changes, are added to the discussion. This study quantitatively supports a molecular explanation of the reversible EMC, in which wood moisture is principally bound at sorption sites, composed of two functional groups, constituting a hydrogen-donor/acceptor pair, involving at least one OHacc group. The irreversible part of EMC reduction is assigned to the thermochemical removal of OHacc from the wood matrix. The reversible part is attributed to a process of wood polymer conformal rearrangements, bringing an isolated OHacc group in proximity of another free hydrogen-bonding functional group, creating a site for water sorption.
IS and Bioweapons: How Can the BWC Be Used to Intercede When a Non-Signator IS Suspected of Bioweapon Creation?
Authors: Means Laurie 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
An analysis of the Biological Weapons Convention and Resolution 1540 and how they can be used when dealing with non-state actors. The responsibilities of the Party States that have signed BWC and Resolution 1540 are also discussed.
Blood pressure-reducing activity of Gongronema latifolium Benth. (Apocynaeceae) and the identification of its main phytochemicals by UHPLC Q-Orbitrap mass spectrometry
Authors: Beshel Justin Atiang , Palacios Javier , Beshel Favour Nyoh , Nku Clement Oshie , Owu Daniel U. , Nwokocha Magdalene , Bórquez Jorge , Simirgiotis Mario J. , Nwokocha Chukwuemeka R. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Background

Gongronema latifolium Benth. (family Apocynaceae) leaves (GL) has interesting medicinal properties. The effects of extracts from G. latifolium on blood pressure (BP) and the possible mechanisms of action were also investigated.

Methods
The ultrahigh resolution liquid chromatography orbitrap MS analysis was used to identify the phytochemicals present. Normotensive Wistar rats were anesthetized with sodium pentobarbitone (40 mg/kg) intraperitoneally, and the jugular vein was cannulated for infusion of drugs while the carotid artery was cannulated for direct BP measurement. GL extract (5–20 mg) alone or with nifedipine (10 mg/kg), atropine (2 mg/kg), L-NAME (5 mg/kg), methyl blue (3 mg/kg) and propranolol (1 mg/kg) were administered intravenously to Wistar rats and direct BP measurements were carried out.

Results
Systolic and diastolic BP levels (128/90 mm Hg; MAP 103 ± 3 mm Hg) and heart rates were all significantly (p < 0.01) decreased after GL administration. Raised mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate by atropine, L-NAME and methyl blue were significantly (p < 0.01) reduced after GL administration, while propranolol significantly (p < 0.01) inhibited hypotension caused by GL. Infusion of GL reduced MAP (95 ± 3 mm Hg) comparable with nifedipine (93 ± 2 mm Hg), a calcium channel blocker. The phytochemicals identified were 34 compounds, including oleanolic acid derivatives, flavonoids, antioxidant fatty acids, 2 coumarins and 2 iridoids.

Conclusions
These results suggest that G. latifolium has hypotensive properties mediated by the synergistic activity of the compounds, probably via the β-adrenergic blockade mechanism.
Inverse problems for a class of linear Sobolev type equations with overdetermination on the kernel of operator at the derivative
Authors: Fedorov Vladimir Evgenyevich , Ivanova Natalia Dmitrievna 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The purpose of this work is to obtain sufficient conditions of a solution existence and uniqueness for a class of inverse problems for linear evolution equations with a degenerate operator at the derivative and with an unknown element in the right-hand side of the equation, which depends on the time variable. The overdetermination condition is given on the kernel of the operator at the derivative, the initial condition have the Cauchy form or the Showalter–Sidorov form.
The obtained abstract results are applied to the investigation of linear inverse problems for the Sobolev system of equations and for the linearized Oskolkov system with overdetermination on the pressure gradient function.
On the quantum attacks against schemes relying on the hardness of finding a short generator of an ideal in ℚ(𝜁2𝑠
)
Authors: Biasse Jean-François , Song Fang 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
A family of ring-based cryptosystems, including the multilinear maps of Garg, Gentry and Halevi
[Candidate multilinear maps from ideal lattices, Advances in Cryptology—EUROCRYPT 2013, Lecture Notes in Comput. Sci. 7881, Springer, Heidelberg 2013, 1–17]
and the fully homomorphic encryption scheme of Smart and Vercauteren
[Fully homomorphic encryption with relatively small key and ciphertext sizes, Public Key Cryptography—PKC 2010, Lecture Notes in Comput. Sci. 6056, Springer, Berlin 2010, 420–443],
are based on the hardness of finding a short generator of a principal ideal (short-PIP) in a number field typically in

ℚ
⁢

(

ζ

2
s

)

{\mathbb{Q}(\zeta_{2^{s}})}

.
In this paper, we present a polynomial-time quantum algorithm for recovering a generator of a principal ideal in

ℚ
⁢

(

ζ

2
s

)

{\mathbb{Q}(\zeta_{2^{s}})}

, and we recall how this can be used to attack the schemes relying on the short-PIP in

ℚ
⁢

(

ζ

2
s

)

{\mathbb{Q}(\zeta_{2^{s}})}

by using the work of Cramer et al.
[R. Cramer, L. Ducas, C. Peikert and O. Regev,
Recovering short generators of principal ideals in cyclotomic rings,
IACR Cryptology ePrint Archive 2015, https://eprint.iacr.org/2015/313],
which is derived from observations of Campbell, Groves and Shepherd
[SOLILOQUY, a cautionary tale].
We put this attack into perspective by reviewing earlier attempts at providing an efficient quantum algorithm for solving the PIP in

ℚ
⁢

(

ζ

2
s

)

{\mathbb{Q}(\zeta_{2^{s}})}

.
The assumption that short-PIP is hard was challenged by Campbell, Groves and Shepherd.
They proposed an approach for solving short-PIP that proceeds in two steps: first they sketched a quantum algorithm for finding an arbitrary generator (not necessarily short) of the input principal ideal.
Then they suggested that it is feasible to compute a short generator efficiently from the generator in step 1.
Cramer et al.
validated step 2 of the approach by giving a detailed analysis.
In this paper, we focus on step 1, and we show that step 1 can run in quantum polynomial time if we use an algorithm for the continuous hidden subgroup problem (HSP) due to Eisenträger et al.
[K. Eisenträger, S. Hallgren, A. Kitaev and F. Song, A quantum algorithm for computing the unit group of an arbitrary degree number field, Proceedings of the 2014 ACM Symposium on Theory of Computing—STOC’14, ACM, New York 2014, 293–302].
The desert hamster Phodopus roborovskii (Satunin, 1903) (Rodentia, Cricetidae) from north-western Tibetan plateau, Ladakh, India: an addition to the mammalian fauna of the Indian subcontinent
Authors: Ramachandran Vivek , Joshi Mukta , Ambekar Mayuresh , Charoo Samina Amin , Ramakrishnan Uma 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
During a systematic survey of the small mammals in the relatively unexplored north-western regions of the Tibetan plateau in India, we captured and identified the desert hamster Phodopus roborovskii using molecular phylogenetic methods. We also provide revised distributional estimates for this species using niche modelling (Maxent and 19 bioclimatic variables), taking into account sampling bias. We evaluated suitable habitats for the species, identifying regions in the Trans-Himalayas that may harbour this species. This study improves the knowledge of the desert hamster’s range and is a new record and an addition to the Indian sub-continental mammalian fauna, ~750 km southward extension from its known range.
Colorectal cancer in the elderly patient: the role of neo-adjuvant therapy
Authors: Dodaro Concetta Anna , Calogero Armando , Tammaro Vincenzo , Pellegrino Tommaso , Lionetti Ruggero , Campanile Silvia , Menkulazi Marsela , Ciccozzi Massimo , Iannicelli Anna Maria , Giallauria Francesco , Sagnelli Caterina 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Background
Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy has a significant role in downstaging cancer. It improves the local control of the disease and can make conservative resection of rectal cancer possible.

Methods
We enrolled 114 patients with subperitoneal rectal cancer who underwent neoadjuvant chemoradio-therapy and radical excision with total mesorectal excision (TME). The primary endpoint was oncological outcomes and the secondary endpoint was surgical outcomes.We evaluate the experience of a multidisciplinary team and the role of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in integrated treatment of cancer of the subperitoneal rectum.

Results
Surgical procedures performed were abdominal perineal resection in 4 cases (3.5%), anterior resection in 89 cases (78%), Hartmann’s procedure in 5 cases (4.4%), and ultralow resection with coloanal anastomosis and diverting stoma in 16 patients (14%).
Local recurrence occurred in 6 patients (5.2%), the overall survival was 71.9% at 5 years and disease-free survival was about 60%.

Conclusions
The effect of pathological downstaging amounted to 58.8%, including cPR. The pathologic complete remission occurred in 8.8% of cases.
The outcomes of neoadjuvant therapy can be achieved when this treatment is associated with correct surgical technique with TME and the prognosis is defined by an anatomopathological examination performed according to Quirke’s protocol.
Plasmonic quantum effects on single-emitter strong coupling
Authors: Ciracì Cristian , Jurga Radoslaw , Khalid Muhammad , Della Sala Fabio 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Coupling between electromagnetic cavity fields and fluorescent molecules or quantum emitters can be strongly enhanced by reducing the cavity mode volume. Plasmonic structures allow light confinement down to volumes that are only a few cubic nanometers. At such length scales, nonlocal and quantum tunneling effects are expected to influence the emitter interaction with the surface plasmon modes, which unavoidably requires going beyond classical models to accurately describe the electron response at the metal surface. In this context, the quantum hydrodynamic theory (QHT) has emerged as an efficient tool to probe nonlocal and quantum effects in metallic nanostructures. Here, we apply state-of-the-art QHT to investigate the quantum effects on strong coupling of a dipole emitter placed at nanometer distances from metallic particles. A comparison with conventional local response approximation (LRA) and Thomas-Fermi hydrodynamic theory results shows the importance of quantum effects on the plasmon-emitter coupling. The QHT predicts qualitative deviation from LRA in the weak coupling regime that leads to quantitative differences in the strong coupling regime. In nano-gap systems, the inclusion of quantum broadening leads to the existence of an optimal gap size for Rabi splitting that minimizes the requirements on the emitter oscillator strength.
Fallstricke der Europäischen Integration: Banken- und Kapitalmarktunion aus deutscher Perspektive
Authors: Gischer Horst , Ilchmann Christian , Kesseler Bruno 
Published: August 2019

Zusammenfassung
Unter dem Eindruck der vergangenen Finanzkrise entwickelte die Europäische Kommission mit der Bankenunion 2014 und der Kapitalmarktunion 2015 verschiedene Programme zur Sicherung der Finanzstabilität und der wirtschaftlichen Prosperität in der Europäischen Union. Die zur Umsetzung angewendeten Strategien vernachlässigen jedoch die Besonderheiten nationaler Finanzsysteme und behindern damit die angestrebte Integration. Der vorliegende Beitrag präsentiert einen Überblick der Charakteristika des Bankenmarktes und der Unternehmensstruktur in Deutschland. Anschließend werden anhand der geplanten Maßnahmen mögliche Auswirkungen fortschreitender Harmonisierung auf den deutschen Bankensektor analysiert und drohende Gefahren für den gesamten Prozess der Europäischen Integration skizziert. Den Abschluss bilden die Darlegung möglicher Alternativen und die Begründung für eine Rückbesinnung auf die Ursprünge der europäischen Idee.
Die Ministererlaubnis als Element der deutschen Wettbewerbsordnung: eine theoretische und empirische Analyse
Authors: Budzinski Oliver , Stöhr Annika 
Published: August 2019

Zusammenfassung
Das Instrument der Ministererlaubnis ist ein viel diskutierter Sonderfall in der deutschen Wettbewerbspolitik, bei welchem der Bundeswirtschaftsminister einen vom Bundeskartellamt (BKartA) untersagten Zusammenschluss bei Vorliegen besonderer Gründe im Nachhinein doch noch erlauben kann. Im vorliegenden Beitrag werden sowohl die Ausgestaltung, als auch die Sinnhaftigkeit des Instrumentes an sich aus ökonomischer Sicht beleuchtet, indem zunächst die im Gesetz verankerten Gründe für eine Erlaubnis auf einen Konflikt mit dem Schutz des Wettbewerbs, als übergeordnete Aufgabe des BKartA, untersucht werden. Nach einer Analyse der bisherigen 22 Fälle
Zum Zeitpunkt der Beitragsannahme im Jahr 2018 war die hier angegebene Zahl aktuell und damit auch die weitere Analyse der Fälle und Gründe vollständig. Seit Mai 2019 gibt es nun mit Miba/Zollern einen weiteren Ministererlaubnis-Fall, welcher hier jedoch logischerweise nicht berücksichtigt werden konnte.
, bezogen auf die jeweiligen Begründungen und Erfolge, werden abschließend fünf Möglichkeiten zur Novellierung des Instrumentes diskutiert. Dabei kommen die Autoren zu dem Schluss, dass eine Anpassung des Gesetzes, sowohl hinsichtlich des entscheidenden Gremiums, als auch bezüglich der zulässigen Begründungen für eine Ministererlaubnis, notwendig wäre, um das Bestehen des Instrumentes wohlfahrtsökonomisch rechtfertigen zu können.
Neue Wege der metrologischen Rückführbarkeit in der Längen- und Koordinatenmesstechnik
Authors: Kniel Karin , Flügge Jens , Bosse Harald 
Published: August 2019

Zusammenfassung
Die metrologische Rückführbarkeit und der damit verbundene Bezug auf eine allgemein akzeptierte Referenz für Messergebnisse sind unverzichtbare Grundlagen für die heute existierende global vernetzte Fertigung. Seit Einführung des industriellen Austauschbaus Ende des 18. Jahrhunderts haben Fortschritte in der Metrologie eine fortschrittliche industrielle Fertigung ermöglicht. In diesem Beitrag wird ein Überblick über Wege zur Sicherstellung der metrologischen Rückführbarkeit in der Längen- und Koordinatenmesstechnik gegeben. Anhand von jüngsten Beispielen aus den Bereichen der 1D-Längenkalibrierung und der 3D-Koordinatenmesstechnik werden aktuelle Trends und ihre Hintergründe aufgezeigt.
Formulación de un medio de cultivo para la producción de δ-endotoxinas de Bacillus thuringiensis
Authors: Herrera Pineda Diego Fernando , Abaunza Villamizar Sebastián Mauricio , Rueda Forero Nohora Juliana , Pinzón Reyes Efraín Hernando , Suárez Barrera Miguel Orlando 
Published: August 2019

Objetivo: Formular un medio de cultivo para la producción de proteínas parasporales de Bt.Método: Se evaluaron 5 medios de cultivo, contrastando su formulación con la producción de biomasa. Se extrajo la proteína total de cada uno de los cultivos y se cuantificó por espectrofotometría.Resultados: Se encontró que el caldo glucosado modificado con proporciones 2,4:1 de fuentes de nitrógeno orgánicas (extracto de levadura) e inorgánicas ((NH4)2SO4) mejoró hasta en 70 veces la producción de proteína con concentraciones entre 19,38 y 154,41 mg/mL.Conclusión: Este estudio contribuye a la afirmación de que la proporción entre Nitrógeno Orgánico e Inorgánico tiene efectos importantes sobre la fase III del crecimiento de Bt, contrastando con la producción de endosporas y en consecuencia proteínas totales en las cuales e incluyen el aumento de las δ-endotoxinas.
A abordagem bilíngue para crianças com surdez e a prática docente: em perspectiva, os objetos de aprendizagem
Authors: Aparício Ana Silvia Moço , Oliveira Amanda Cavalcante , Renders Elizabete Cristina Costa 
Published: August 2019

Apresenta os resultados parciais de uma pesquisa que objetiva, de forma geral, investigar as práticas adotadas na abordagem bilíngue para crianças com surdez, em salas de aula regular. De modo específico, busca compreender como se dá o uso e circulação da Libras (Língua Brasileira de Sinais) e do Português em duas salas de uma escola de educação infantil. Metodologicamente, trata-se de uma pesquisa empírica de carácter qualitativo, cujo objeto de estudos é a prática docente em uma escola vinculada à rede pública de ensino de uma cidade da região do grande ABCD paulista, Brasil. Os procedimentos metodológicos se deram em três etapas: entrevista semiestruturada com quatro professoras, observação em sala de aula e desenvolvimento de objeto de aprendizagem. Esta investigação toma como aportes teóricos: a linguagem como prática social (BAKHTIN, 1986), a surdez como experiência visual (SKLIAR, 1999) e a abordagem bilíngue para surdos (FAVORITO; SILVA, 2008). Os resultados preliminares apontaram para a constituição de dois momentos distintos na escola. Primeiro: o atendimento educacional especializado (AEE) em Libras, no período regular, por meio da parceria entre o professor regente e o professor mediador. Segundo: o atendimento educacional especializado em Português, realizado com o uso da língua de instrução da criança com surdez (a Libras), trabalhando a língua adicional (o Português) na modalidade escrita. Constatou-se a necessidade de mediações sígnicas acessíveis (REILY, 2004) no trabalho interacional e do desenvolvimento de objetos de aprendizagem que atendam aos critérios de acessibilidade, interatividade, cooperação, cognição, afetividade, disponibilidade e reusabilidade (BRAGA, 2014).