bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Slovenian economy in the grip of credit crisis – How to proceed?
Authors: Balogh Imre 
Published: April 2019

The Slovenian economy has been through steep ups and downs post-EU accession (2004), and is at the crossroads again. The period 2004–2008 was characterized by balanced monetary and fiscal policies resulting in the adoption of the Euro (2007), coupled with overheated economic growth and propelling corporate indebtedness, fuelled by rapid credit expansion from cheap and abundant foreign funding.
The global financial crisis has exposed the “home-grown” vulnerability of the Slovenian economy, bringing about the second largest GDP fall (9.4%) in the Eurozone after Greece, with a double-dip recession (2009, 2012–13). Growth rebounced in 2014 to 2.6% from its low, but the competitiveness of the Slovenian economy continued to slide in international rankings. For further recovery Slovenia, squeezed by high public debt at 82% of GDP, credit contraction despite EUR 5bn state aid injected into the 70% domestically (basically state) owned banking sector, and the continued threat of massive bankruptcy and debt overhang in the corporate sector, has 3 fundamentally different policy options.
− Profound restructuring of the banking system and the real sector, on the basis of earnest privatization and voluminous FDI inflow.
− Slow creditless recovery due to half-hearted reforms in the financial system and corporate sector.
− Substituting wide-ranging micro level restructuring with Government-stimulated credit expansion, reproducing current tensions in even higher magnitudes in the future.
In the current state of the Slovenian economy, equity-led growth, combined with far-reaching institutional reforms seems the only choice in laying the foundation for long-term sustainable economic development. This study outlines the critical further steps in re-invigorating the financial system, utilizing also the proposals elaborated by the author and his banking team for the Slovenian macro policy decision-makers.
Modelling forestation alternatives
Authors: Bozsik Éva , Riczu Péter , Gálya Bernadett , Tamás János , Burriel Charles , Helilmeier Herman 
Published: April 2019

Agroforestry systems are part of the history of the European Union rural landscapes, but the regional increase of size of agricultural parcels had a significant effect on European land use in the 20th century, thereby it has radically reduced the coverage of natural forest. However, this cause conflicts between interest of agricultural and forestry sectors. The agroforestry land uses could be a solution of this conflict management. One real – ecological – problem with the remnant forests and new forest plantation is the partly missing of network function without connecting ecological green corridors, the other problem is verifiability for the agroforestry payment system, monitoring the arable lands and plantations.
Remote sensing methods are currently used to supervise European Union payments. Nowadays, next to use satellite imagery the airborne hyperspectral and LiDAR (Light Detection And Ranging) remote sensing technologies are becoming more widespread use for nature, environmental, forest, agriculture protection, conservation and monitoring and it is an effective tool for monitoring biomass production.
In this Hungarian case study we made a Spatial Decision Support System (SDSS) to create agroforestry site selection model. The aim of model building was to ensure the continuity of ecological green corridors, maintain the appropriate land use of regional endowments. The investigation tool was the more widely used hyperspectral and airborne LiDAR remote sensing technologies which can provide appropriate data acquisition and data processing tools to build a decision support system.
Effect of the plant density on different maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids yields and leaf area index (LAI) values
Authors: Murányi Eszter 
Published: April 2019

We have investigated the plant number reactions of three maize hybrids of various genotypes in a small-plot field experiment. The plant numbers were 50, 70 and 90 thousand ha-1, while the row distances were 45 and 76 cm. The experiment was set on the Látókép Experimental Farm of Centre for Agricultural Sciences of the University of Debrecen in four replications on calcareous chernozem soil.
The assimilation area and the leaf area index have important role in development of the crop yield. The studied three different genotype maize hybrids reached its maximum leaf area index at flowering. The maximum leaf area index increased linearly with increasing plant density. The season-hybrids reached less yield and leaf area index. According to our experimental results, we have concluded that with the decrease of the row spacing, the yield increased in the average of the hybrids. The studied hybrids reached the maximum yield at 70 and 90 plants ha-1 plant density. We determined the optimal plant number that is the most favourable for the certain hybrid under the given conditions.The higher plant density was favourable at 45 cm row spacing than 76 cm. The hybrids reached the maximum grain yield at 45 cm row spacing between 76 712–84 938 plants ha-1, while the optimum plant density at 76 cm row spacing changed between 61 875–65 876 plants ha-1.
The leaf area index values between the applied plant density for the flowering period (July 1, 24), we defined a significant differences. In the archived yields were significant differences at the 45 cm row spacing between 50 and 70, 90 thousand ha-1 plant density, while the number for the 76 cm row spacing used did not cause a significant differences in the yield. There were significant differences between the examined hybrids of yields.
Leaf protein analyses in order to utilise the leaf shoot of artichoke
Authors: Kaszás László , Fári Miklós , Hodossi Sándor , Domokos-Szabolcsy Éva 
Published: April 2019

The constat growth of the Earth’s population brings with itself a higher demand for food and protein not only in human nutrition but also for the feeding of livestock. Currently, the feed industry is mainly built onseed-based protein, wherethebaseplant is soybean, which is large lycovered by imports in Hungary, similar toother European countries. However, the long-term economically sustainable lifestock breeding demandschanges which has also worked out strategies. An alternative protein sources could be green leafy plants.
In current work the Jerusalem artichokes as an alternative source of protein was studied, compared to alfalfa as a valuable protein plant. Our results indicate that fiber fraction ofJerusalem artichoke shootswas 34 to 37% after pressing in the autumn period while alfalfa slightly lower values were obtained (30%). On the other hand extracted green leaf protein concentration was higher in alfalfa than in Jerusalem artichoke. Along with this higher protein content could be measured from the leaf protein concentration of alfalfa and almost each amino acids were more, as well comparing to Jerusalem artichoke.
Overall, the alfalfa proved to be advantageous as expected both in leaf protein extraction efficiency, both regarding the content of the protein in the Jerusalem artichoke. However, considering aminoacid composition and green biomass production, Jerusalem artichokecould be a promisingplant species asplant protein sourceinthefuture.
Nutrition reaction of different varieties of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) bred in Karcag
Authors: Czimbalmos Ágnes , Szűcs Lilla , Zsembeli József 
Published: April 2019

In our study the nutrition reaction of four varieties of winter wheat (KG Bendegúz, KG Kunhalom, KG Kunkapitány, KG Széphalom) has been investigated. In the experiment the effect of twenty different nutrition doses on the yield and thousand kernel weight of the wheat varieties has been studied. Significant difference could be figured out among the yield and thousand kernel weight of the wheat varieties, so the choice of the proper variety determines the quantity of yield. KG Kunkapitány had the highest yield, while KG Széphalom had the highest thousand kernel weight in the experiments.
Investigating the effect of the nutrients on the yield the conclusion was that all nitrogen doses had significant yield increasing effect compared to the untreated plots, but among the 40, 80 and 120 kg ha-1 doses there was no statistical difference. In the case of phosphorus the 40 kg ha-1 dose showed statistically verifiable increase of the yield, while potassium doses have no influence on the yields. The thousand kernel weights reached the maximum values where the highest nutrient doses were applied.
The economic structure and the tertiary ecucation of the function of transformation Hungary 19th and 20th century of in economic integration periods
Authors: Köpeczi-Bócz Tamás , Lőrincz Mónika 
Published: April 2019

Knowledge-intensive businesses sectoral nature of the operation and the specific attributes of the innovation life cycle processes, different needs and different needs induce. These features can also differentiate time that their activities when and what type of resources they require. The availability of capacity in terms of a network co-benefits for those businesses that are creating the possibility that such resources are available to ensure the realization of goals that are not individually owned. These factors and the availability of local availability is also motivated by the small and medium enterprises willingness to cooperate.
Regional supply of resources necessary for the operation of the business of insurance, universities play a key role. The functions of universities in innovation as a business service can be understood as an activity that mediate high added value to other organizations and companies. Questions arise as to the innovative nature of the business industry and sector weights would differentiate whether the R&D&Iintensive areas of expertise.
Effect of N, P and K fertilisers and their interactions in a long-term experiment on winter barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)
Authors: Surányi Szilvia , Izsáki Zoltán 
Published: April 2019

The aim of this work was to analyse the effect of K, P and N supplies on the yield of winter barley in a long-term mineral fertilisation experiment with clearly distinct soil nutrient supply levels in order to develop fertilisation guidelines for winter barley growers. The experiment was set up in 1989 on a chernozem meadow soil calcareous in the deeper layers, applying all possible combinations of 4 levels each of N, P and K fertiliser, giving a total of 64 treatments.
The results of analyses performed in 2011 and 2012 can be summarised as follows:

In 2011, when rainfall supplies were deficient in the shooting phase, improved K supplies (324 mg kg-1 AL-K2O) increased the grain yield, but in 2012, when rainfall supplies were more evenly distributed, K supply levels in the range 210–335 mg kg-1 AL-K2O had no significant influence on the yield of winter barley.
An analysis of the P treatments revealed that, compared to the 119–133 mg kg-1 AL-P2O5 level (P0), better P supplies (186–251 mg kg-1) led to a significant increase in the grain yield.
In both years rising N rates significantly increased the yield up to an annual N rate of 160 kg ha-1.

4. A K×N interaction could only be detected in the nutrient supplies of winter barley in 2011. The yield-increasing effect of N fertiliser was more pronounced at better K supply levels, while K fertiliser led to higher yields in the case of better N supplies.
Allelopathic effect of invasive plants (Eriochloa villosa, Asclepias syriaca, Fallopia x bohemica, Solidago gigantea) on seed germination
Authors: Szilágyi Arnold , Radócz László , Tóth Tamás 
Published: April 2019

The aim of this study was to determine the allelopathic potential of invasive species woolly cupgrass (Eriochloa villosa), common milkweed (Asclepias syriaca), bohemian knotweed (Fallopia x bohemica), and giant goldenrod (Solidago gigantea Ait.) on germination crop (Lepidium sativum L.). Experiments were conducted under laboratory conditions to determine effect of water extracts in petri dish bioassay. Water extracts from fresh biomass (leaves and stem) of invasive weeds in concentrations of 4 and 8 g/100 ml were investigated. All invasive plants showed allelopathic effect on germination. In giant goldenrod stem water extract experiment, allelopathic effect was less pronounced.
The cress germination was greatly suppressed with the woolly cupgrass, common milkweed and the giant goldenrod. The experiment showed that the seed germination depended on the concentrations and the plant material used (leaves and stem).
Runx1 and RORγt Cooperate to Upregulate IL-22 Expression in Th Cells through Its Distal Enhancer
Authors: Sekimata Masayuki , Yoshida Daiki , Araki Akemi , Asao Hironobu , Iseki Ken , Murakami-Sekimata Akiko 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
IL-22 is a cytokine that plays a pivotal role in regulating tissue homeostasis at barrier surfaces and is produced by activated CD4+ Th cells. Currently, the molecular mechanisms regulating Il22 gene expression are still unclear. In this study, we have identified a crucial cis-regulatory element located 32 kb upstream of the mouse Il22 promoter, termed conserved noncoding sequence (CNS)–32. We demonstrated that CNS-32 acts as an enhancer in reporter assays and contains binding motifs for Runt-related transcription factor (Runx)1 and retinoic acid–related orphan receptor γt (RORγt). Mutation of these motifs significantly abrogated the reporter activity, suggesting a role for both factors in the control of enhancer-mediated Il22 expression. Runx1 and RORγt occupancy and elevated histone H4 acetylation at CNS-32 were evident, as naive T cells differentiated into IL-22–producing Th22 cells. Overexpression of Runx1 promoted IL-22 production by inducing RORγt and IL-23 receptor, all critical to Th22 cell induction. Although Runx1 alone enhanced IL-22 production in Th22 cells, it was further enhanced in the presence of RORγt. Conversely, short hairpin RNA–mediated knockdown of core-binding factor β, a cofactor essential for Runx1 activity, was effective in limiting IL-22 production. Collectively, our results suggest that IL-22 production is controlled by a regulatory circuit in which Runx1 induces RORγt and then partners with RORγt to direct Il22 expression through their targeting of the Il22 enhancer.
Social entrepreneurship as a catalyst to break the poverty trap: An analysis of the motivational factors in South Africa
Authors: Elliott Roger M. 
Published: April 2019

Orientation: Social entrepreneurship has been advocated as a way of overcoming poverty but many of the studies purporting to explain the intention to become a social entrepreneur have resulted in inconsistent and inconclusive results.Research purpose: The purpose of this article was to examine the moderating influence of gender, family entrepreneurial background and culture (operationalised in this study as individualism or collectivism) on the antecedents to the formation of an intention to become a social entrepreneur in respect of financially disadvantaged students.Motivation for the study: Educational institutions in Africa have not implemented programmes to encourage students to become social entrepreneurs.Research design, approach and method: A questionnaire survey was conducted using a convenience sampling method in which a sample of 200 students was selected from a South African university. The data were analysed using hierarchical regression analysis.Main findings: Results provide strong support for the proposition that students’ gender and culture moderate the impact of the antecedents identified in this study (being close to the social problem and innovative) on the intention to become a social entrepreneur.Practical/managerial implications: There needs to be more collaboration and dialogue within and across all South African universities so that all educational programmes can be developed that embrace the challenges face by contemporary South African society.Contribution/value-add: This article demonstrates that current intention-based models are not adequate to explain the intention to become a social entrepreneur as they exclude extraneous personal and environmental factors.
Medical doctors’ awareness of radiation exposure in diagnostic radiology investigations in a South African academic institution
Authors: Dauda Akingboye M. , Ozoh John O. , Towobola Olakunle A. 
Published: April 2019

Background: Diagnostic investigations using radiation have become a critical feature of medical practice in recent times. However, the possibility of doctors’ underestimation of risks of over-exposure of patients to diagnostic radiation still warrants further evaluation.Objectives: To investigate doctors’ awareness of diagnostic radiation exposure at Dr George Mukhari Academic Hospital, South Africa.Methods: This was a cross-sectional, analytical investigation of the awareness of doctors about radiation exposure in diagnostic radiology investigations. A cluster sampling technique was employed to recruit 217 participants. Consent and approval of the participants were sought and obtained before questionnaire administration during departmental meetings between October 2017 and March 2018.Results: Of the participants, 80% had no formal training on radiation exposure and 33.8% of them correctly estimated natural background radiation. Correct estimates of the effective dose from a single-view abdominal X-ray (AXR) were expressed by 7.5%, quantity of radiation of a single-phase computed tomography (CT) abdomen by 30.3% and dosage from a two-view unilateral mammogram by 29.1% of the participants. More than 75% of participants agreed that children are more sensitive to radiation, but only 10.5% suggested medical termination of pregnancy for a woman who had CT abdomen and pelvis with contrast. Dosage and risk of inducing fatal cancer from common but more complex imaging procedures were poorly understood. Only the doctors of the radiology department showed a statistically significant (p < 0.0001) association with regards to their radiation awareness.Conclusion: Because of the high rate of poor awareness of radiation risks observed in this study, it is important to initiate, early in the medical curriculum for medical students, the need for a rotation in the Department of Radiology, similar to such rotations in other medical specialties.
Utilisation et enjeux des données clinico-administratives dans le domaine de la santé
mentale et de la dépendance
Authors: Fleury Marie-Josée , Delorme André , Benigeri Mike , Vanasse Alain 
Published: April 2019

Les banques de données clinico-administratives sont des outils clés pour la prise
de décision publique en santé. Pour soutenir la gestion des services, plusieurs banques sont
disponibles s’intéressant aux besoins des populations et aux ressources disponibles, tout en
intégrant des indicateurs de performance. Depuis les années 2000, des efforts considérables
ont été menés afin de consolider les données et développer des outils visant à mieux
surveiller l’état de santé des populations ou la performance du système sociosanitaire. Dans
le cadre du congrès annuel de l’Association francophone pour le savoir (ACFAS), qui s’est
tenu à l’Université McGill en 2017, un colloque a été organisé pour débattre de leur
exploitation en santé mentale et en dépendance. Le colloque a intégré une discussion
d’experts qui se sont entretenus afin d’identifier les principales banques
clinico-administratives, l’ampleur de leur utilisation, leurs limites et les solutions à
développer pour les optimiser afin de mieux soutenir la gestion des services. Cet article
vise à résumer le contenu de ces discussions. Bien que les banques comportent des forces
importantes, dont un potentiel élevé de généralisation de l’information, elles présentent
des limites se rapportant surtout à leur capacité à répondre aux besoins, à des enjeux de
qualité et de validation, ainsi que d’accessibilité. Diverses recommandations ont été émises
pour améliorer leur gestion et optimiser leur impact, dont leur conservation et traitement
dans un organisme autonome et hautement accessible, et un changement sociétal de culture
favorisant l’évaluation de la performance afin d’améliorer les pratiques et de mieux
monitorer les résultats de santé.
Utilisation de l’urgence au Québec des patients avec des troubles mentaux incluant les
troubles liés aux substances psychoactives
Authors: Fleury Marie-Josée , Fortin Marilyn , Rochette Louis , Grenier Guy , Huỳnh Christophe , Pelletier Éric , Lesage Alain , Vasiliadis Helen-Maria 
Published: April 2019

L’urgence joue un rôle de baromètre de la qualité du système de santé. Basée sur le
Système intégré de surveillance des maladies chroniques du Québec (SISMACQ), une cohorte de
patients avec troubles mentaux (TM) incluant les troubles liés aux substances psychoactives
(TLS) est décrite quant à son utilisation de l’urgence, de l’hospitalisation, incluant sa
durée, et les raisons de l’utilisation de ces services en 2014-15, selon le sexe, l’âge, et
la zone d’habitation, et certains résultats comparés aux patients sans TM et à ceux d’une
cohorte de 2000-01. De la population québécoise, 12 % (865 255) avaient présenté des TM, et
de ceux-ci 39 % visité l’urgence en 2014-15, une diminution de 6 % depuis 2000-01. Environ
deux fois plus de patients avec TM que sans TM ont visité les urgences et ont été
hospitalisés. Près de 17 % des patients étaient de grands ou très grands utilisateurs
(&gt;4 visites/an) de l’urgence, et 34 % avaient été hospitalisés. L’urgence était
davantage utilisée par les plus de 65 ans et en milieux ruraux. Pour les TM exclusivement
(sans les TLS), 68 % des visites étaient reliées aux patients avec des troubles
anxio-dépressifs ; pour un TLS exclusivement, 51 % à l’alcool. Les maladies physiques
étaient la principale raison des visites à l’urgence et d’hospitalisation, mais plus les
patients présentaient des TM sévères et visitaient fréquemment les urgences, plus les
visites étaient reliées aux TM. Cette étude relève l’importance de l’utilisation de
l’urgence et de l’hospitalisation des patients avec des TM, exposant ainsi l’intérêt
d’améliorer l’accès et la continuité des services pour ces patients.
Raison d’être et perspectives d’avenir de l’Organisation internationale du travail (OIT) à l’aube de son centenaire
Authors: Duplessis Isabelle 
Published: April 2019

Près de 100 ans après sa création, le mandat de l’Organisation internationale du travail (OIT) de promouvoir la justice sociale grâce à un travail décent pour toutes et pour tous semble toujours aussi pertinent aujourd’hui. Toutefois, l’OIT doit actuellement faire face à des défis sans précédent, notamment en ce qui concerne une certaine mollesse normative dans le choix des instruments adoptés par ses mandants depuis une vingtaine d’années, une surchauffe de son système de contrôle de supervision de l’application des normes internationales du travail (NIT) ainsi qu’une crise institutionnelle ayant éclaté en 2012, mais dont les questions de fond semblent toujours très largement non résolues. C’est dans ce contexte tendu et complexe que l’OIT essaie, à l’heure actuelle, de se repositionner, notamment dans le cadre d’une réflexion globale sur l’avenir du travail. Le présent article tente de donner un éclairage aux défis immédiats auxquels l’OIT est confrontée, en particulier à ceux illustrant la difficulté de trouver des consensus pour les mandants tripartites traditionnels de l’OIT sur les questions normatives du travail, ainsi qu’à ceux qui se poseront à moyen et long terme, y compris en ce qui concerne l’interprétation des normes et de leur appropriation par d’autres acteurs, afin que cette institution puisse rester un lieu de dialogue, de discussion et de décision au sein duquel les parties prenantes pourront continuer à oeuvrer en faveur du travail décent.