bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Females have greater susceptibility to develop ongoing pain and central sensitization in a rat model of temporomandibular joint pain
Authors: Sannajust Sébastien , Imbert Ian , Eaton Victoria , Henderson Terry , Liaw Lucy , May Meghan , Barbe Mary F. , King Tamara 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJOA) is a prevalent source of temporomandibular joint disorder (TMD). Women are more commonly diagnosed with TMD and are more likely to seek care at tertiary orofacial pain clinics. Limited knowledge regarding mechanisms underlying temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pain impairs development of improved pain management strategies. In a rat model of unilateral TMJOA, monosodium iodoacetate (MIA) produces joint pathology in a concentration-dependent manner. Unilateral MIA produces alterations in meal patterns in males and females without altering overnight time spent eating or weight across 2 weeks. Monosodium iodoacetate (80 mg/mL)-treated males develop ongoing pain within 2 weeks after MIA injection. Females develop ongoing pain at a 5-fold lower MIA concentration (16.6 mg/m). Monosodium iodoacetate (80 mg/mL)-treated males show spread of tactile hypersensitivity across the face during the first week after injection and then to the fore paws and hind paws during the second week after injection, indicating development of central sensitization. At the lower dose, female rats demonstrate a similar spread of tactile hypersensitivity, whereas male rats do not develop ongoing pain or spread of tactile hypersensitivity outside the area of the ipsilateral temporomandibular joint. These observations indicate that females have a higher susceptibility to development of ongoing pain and central sensitization compared with male rats that is not due to differences in MIA-induced joint pathology. This model of TMJOA pain can be used to explore sex differences in pain processes implicated in development of neuropathic pain, ongoing pain, and central sensitization, allowing for development of individualized strategies for prevention and treatment of TMD joint pain.
Comparison of anthropometric measurements for prediction of the atherosclerosis and liver histology in young adults with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Dogan Tolga , Ozturk Kadir , Celikkanat Serhat , Aykan Musa B. , Uygun Ahmet 
Published: April 2019

Aim
Anthropometry is a good evaluation tool that establishes the association between body fat distribution and metabolic risk factors precisely. The aim of this study was to test the association of anthropometric measurements with subclinical atherosclerosis and liver fibrosis.

Methods
A total of 78 patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) patients who had no known cardiovascular disease risk factors and 26 volunteered healthy controls were enrolled. Patients with suspected fatty liver underwent a liver biopsy. BMI, waist circumference (WC), hip circumference, and neck circumference (NC) were measured. To detect the presence of subclinical atherosclerosis, carotid intima–media thickness and carotid–femoral pulse wave velocity (cf-PWV) were examined.

Results
NAFLD patients with fibrosis had higher NC, WC, and hip circumference levels, but no difference was observed between NAFLD patients without fibrosis and controls in these parameters. BMI was statistically different among the three groups (P < 0.05). After adjusting for confounding risk factors, the only significant parameter associated with histologic severity of NAFLD was WC, with odds ratio of 1.10. All anthropometric measurements were correlated positively with fibrosis, cf-PWV, and each other. While the association between BMI and cf-PWV remained significant, WC was found to be an independent risk factor for carotid intima–media thickness after adjustment of known cardiovascular risk factors.

Conclusion
WC is the strongest predictor of liver fibrosis as the anthropometric indexes in patients with NAFLD. NC can be used as an additional useful screening test for the primary evaluation of patients with NAFLD, even if it is not an independent risk factor.
Toward an Understanding of Patients’ and Their Partners’ Experiences of Bladder Cancer
Authors: Heyes Susan M. , Prior Kirsty N. , Whitehead Dean , Bond Malcolm J. 
Published: April 2019

Background
Bladder cancer is characterized by recurrence and progression, ongoing surveillance and treatment, adverse effects, and complications and is associated with chronic ill health that may compromise relationships, social activities, and employment.

Objective
The aim of this study was to gain an understanding of quality of life disruptions among both those diagnosed with bladder cancer and their supportive partners (spouses or other family members).

Interventions/Methods
Couples were recruited from a tertiary care public hospital database. Nine heterosexual couples (married/de facto) and another comprising a clinical participant and her daughter-in-law were interviewed for approximately 60 minutes. Interviews were audio recorded and transcribed, with qualitative description used to gain an in-depth understanding of participants’ experiences without previous agenda or knowledge, allowing their viewpoints to be summarized in everyday terms.

Results
Thematic analysis highlighted 4 themes: psychical responses, cognitive and emotional reactions, survival techniques and the importance of partner support and its assistance for clinical participants acceptance of, and adaptation to their bladder cancer, surveillance, and treatment protocols.

Conclusion
A key finding was the value of a supportive partner in dealing with the effects of bladder cancer daily. From a health service perspective, the need for clear information provision and counseling/support to assist patient management was also evident.

Implications for Future Practice
Health professionals need to appreciate the quality of life implications for patients and partners, thus understanding the needs of couples. Greater collaboration with and by health professionals who assist in care may allow couples to move more confidently toward adaptation to bladder cancer.
An Algorithmic Approach to Prepectoral Direct-to-Implant Breast Reconstruction: Version 2.0
Authors: Antony Anuja K. , Robinson Emilie C. 
Published: April 2019

Background:
Prepectoral direct-to-implant breast reconstruction has historically been fraught with complications, including flap necrosis, implant extrusion, and capsular contracture, along with high rates of operative revisions. This may result from a number of factors, including the lack of an algorithmic approach, failure to predict postoperative migration of the implant, use of improper implants, and unsuitable patient selection. Over the past 5 years, the authors have gained significant experience in prepectoral breast reconstruction as they have transitioned their direct-to-implant technique.

Methods:
Using video, technical aspects for achieving superior results are demonstrated, including suture technique, application of acellular dermal matrix, creation of the implant pocket, implant selection and placement, and postoperative dressings. Video is used to highlight technical aspects to yield consistent, predictable results using the anterior tenting technique.

Results:
A systematic review of prepectoral direct-to-implant breast reconstruction was conducted to amalgamate the experience of the authors and others with regard to technique, material, and outcomes.

Conclusions:
Prepectoral direct-to-implant breast reconstruction represents a significant paradigm shift in postmastectomy breast reconstruction and warrants reconsideration. Prepectoral direct-to-implant breast reconstruction provides the potential benefits of a single-stage operation, elimination of dynamic deformity, enhanced aesthetic outcomes, and increased patient satisfaction. Although early evidence suggests an increased incidence of complications, our experience and that of others demonstrate favorable outcomes with version 2.0 of prepectoral direct-to-implant breast reconstruction. As the body of literature encompassing a modern approach to prepectoral direct-to-implant breast reconstruction grows, greater appreciation for operative technique, candidate selection, and implant choice may accelerate its adoption and mitigate past concerns.
Comparing Reconstructive Outcomes in Patients with Gustilo Type IIIB Fractures and Concomitant Arterial Injuries
Authors: Ricci Joseph A. , Stranix John T. , Lee Z-Hye , Jacoby Adam , Anzai Lavinia , Thanik Vishal D. , Saadeh Pierre B. , Levine Jamie P. 
Published: April 2019

Background:
The Gustilo classification serves as a proxy for injury severity, but recent data suggest rising complications with decreasing arterial runoff. This study aims to compare different microsurgical anastomosis options based on the number of patent vessels in the lower extremity.

Methods:
A single-center retrospective review of 806 lower extremity free flaps performed from 1976 to 2016 was performed. Patients with Gustilo type IIIB injuries were grouped based on the number of patent vessels in the leg (three, two, or one). Patients were compared based on the type of anastomosis performed, evaluating for perioperative complications and flap failures.

Results:
Perioperative complications occurred in 111 flaps (27 percent): 71 take-backs (17 percent), 45 partial losses (11 percent), and 37 complete losses (9 percent). Among patients with three-vessel runoff (61.8 percent), there was no difference in take-backs or flap loss between those with end-to-end versus end-to-side anastomoses. In 68 patients (18.7 percent) with two-vessel runoff, no difference between take-backs or flap loss was noted when comparing any anastomosis (i.e., end-to-end into an injured vessel, end-to-end into an uninjured vessel, or end-to-side into an uninjured vessel), although vein grafts were required more often in the end-to-side groups (p < 0.01). Finally, in 39 patients (10.7 percent) with single-vessel runoff, no difference was seen between end-to-end anastomosis into an injured vessel or end-to-side anastomosis into an uninjured vessel in terms of take-backs or flap loss.

Conclusion:
Higher rates of flap failure correlated with decreasing numbers of patent vessels in the leg, but neither type of microvascular anastomosis nor vessel selection demonstrated any impact on reconstructive outcomes.

CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:
Therapeutic, III.
Intraoral Scanning and Setting Up the Digital Final Occlusion in Three-Dimensional Planning of Orthognathic Surgery: Its Comparison with the Dental Model Approach
Authors: Ho Cheng-Ting , Lin Hsiu-Hsia , Lo Lun-Jou 
Published: April 2019

Background:
Three-dimensional surgical planning for orthognathic surgery is becoming prevalent, with improving outcomes. However, conventional dental casts are still used for evaluations, digital image conversion, surgical planning, and occlusal splint production. This study used intraoral scanning for the three-dimensional planning of the final digital occlusion and compared this method with the conventional dental cast approach.

Methods:
Thirty consecutive patients who underwent two-jaw orthognathic surgery to treat mandibular prognathism and asymmetry were included. Dental casts (control group) and intraoral scans (study group) were collected simultaneously for designing the final dental occlusion. A step-by-step setup of the final digital occlusion was established for the study group. To validate results, the intraoral scanning–based virtual occlusion was superimposed over the dental model–based final digital occlusion for comparison. Intraobserver and interobserver variability were assessed for setting up the final digital occlusion. The fitness of splints fabricated using the conventional and virtual occlusion methods were compared.

Results:
The steps for setting up the final digital occlusion were applicable in all cases. The average root-mean-square difference of final occlusion images between the two groups was 0.45 mm, indicating a comparable occlusal relationship. The intraobserver reproducibility and interobserver reliability for setting up the virtual occlusion were satisfactory. Moreover, no significant difference existed in the splint fitness test between the groups.

Conclusions:
The proposed intraoral scan and setup process of the final digital occlusion was reliable and accurate. Thus, the method can replace the dental model approach for the three-dimensional planning of orthognathic surgery.

CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:
Therapeutic, II.
The Escherichia coli Transcriptome Mostly Consists of Independently Regulated Modules
Authors: Sastry Anand V. , Gao Ye , Szubin Richard , Hefner Ying , Xu Sibei , Kim Donghyuk , Choudhary Kumari Sonal , Yang Laurence , King Zachary A. , Palsson Bernhard O. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractUnderlying cellular responses is a transcriptional regulatory network (TRN) that modulates gene expression. A useful description of the TRN would decompose the transcriptome into targeted effects of individual transcriptional regulators. Here, we applied unsupervised learning to a compendium of high-quality Escherichia coli RNA-seq datasets to identify 70 statistically independent signals that modulate the expression of specific gene sets. We show that 50 of these transcriptomic signals represent the effects of currently characterized transcriptional regulators. Condition-specific activation of signals was validated by exposure of E. coli to new environmental conditions. The resulting decomposition of the transcriptome provided: (1) a mechanistic, systems-level, network-based explanation of responses to environmental and genetic perturbations, (2) a guide to gene and regulator function discovery, and (3) a basis for characterizing transcriptomic differences in multiple strains. Taken together, our results show that signal summation forms an underlying principle that describes the composition of a model prokaryotic transcriptome.
Probability-based detection of phosphoproteomic uncertainty reveals rare signaling events driven by oncogenic kinase gene fusion
Authors: Robin Xavier , Voellmy Franziska , Ferkinghoff-Borg Jesper , Howard Conor , Altenburg Tom , Engel Mathias , Simpson Craig D. , Saginc Gaye , Koplev Simon , Klipp Edda , Longden James , Linding Rune 
Published: April 2019

AbstractWe describe a novel Bayesian method for estimating protein concentration and phosphorylation site occupancy ratios from mass spectrometry experiments. Our variance model assigns standard deviations to all quantitative ratios, even when only a single peptide is observed, increasing the number of quantifiable observations in a sample compared to conventional methods. We further demonstrate the application of this method using a dataset investigating the impact of the PRKAR1A-RET gene fusion in immortalized thyroid cells.
TAO Kinase 3 Overexpression Is a Poor Prognosis Marker for Lung Adenocarcinoma and Predicts Paclitaxel Resistance
Authors: Lai Tsung-Ching , Yang Yi-Chieh , Chang Yu-Chan , Chiou Jean , Huang Ming-Shyan , Yang Chih-Jen , Chang Peter Mu-Hsin , Hsiao Michael 
Published: April 2019

AbstractHigh expression of TAOK3 has been observed in several cancers, but very little about TAOK3-involved mechanisms has been reported. In this study, we investigated the role of TAOK3 in the therapeutic effect of paclitaxel treatment. Protein expression of TAOK3 was evaluated among 121 patients by using immunohistochemical staining. TAOK3 expression was estimated by analyzing the gene’s expression and its correlation with the IC50 of paclitaxel in cells. The expression of TAOK3 in lung cancer was highly correlated with poor overall survival, progression-free survival, and recurrence rate in lung cancer patients. The expression level of TAOK3 was positively correlated with paclitaxel resistance in the lung cancer cell lines. The depletion of TAOK3 could enhance the sensitivity of paclitaxel in lung cancer and vice versa. TAOK3 expression is associated with paclitaxel-resistance and could be a clinical predictor for disease recurrence and a potential therapeutic target in lung cancer.
A Bayesian Nonparametric Approach to Discover Clinico-Genetic Associations across Cancer Types
Authors: Pradier Melanie F. , Hyland Stephanie L. , Stark Stefan G. , Lehmann Kjong , Vogt Julia E. , Perez-Cruz Fernando , Rätsch Gunnar 
Published: April 2019

AbstractMotivationPersonalized medicine aims at combining genetic, clinical, and environmental data to improve medical diagnosis and disease treatment, tailored to each patient. This paper presents a Bayesian nonparametric (BNP) approach to identify genetic associations with clinical/environmental features in cancer. We propose an unsupervised approach to generate data-driven hypotheses and bring potentially novel insights about cancer biology. Our model combines somatic mutation information at gene-level with features extracted from the Electronic Health Record. We propose a hierarchical approach, the hierarchical Poisson factor analysis (H-PFA) model, to share information across patients having different types of cancer. To discover statistically significant associations, we combine Bayesian modeling with bootstrapping techniques and correct for multiple hypothesis testing.ResultsUsing our approach, we empirically demonstrate that we can recover well-known associations in cancer literature. We compare the results of H-PFA with two other classical methods in the field: case-control (CC) setups, and linear mixed models (LMMs).
New Insights into the Genetic Diversity of the Bacterial Plant Pathogen ‘Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum’ as Revealed by a New Multilocus Sequence Analysis Scheme
Authors: Hajri Ahmed , Cousseau-Suhard Pascaline , Gentit Pascal , Loiseau Marianne 
Published: April 2019

Abstract‘Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum’ (Lso) has emerged as a serious threat on solanaceous and apiaceous crops worldwide. Five Lso haplotypes (LsoA, LsoB, LsoC, LsoD and LsoE) have been identified so far. To decipher genetic relationships between Lso strains, a MLSA study of seven housekeeping genes (acnA, atpD, ftsZ, glnA, glyA, gnd and groEL) was performed on a representative bacterial collection of 49 Lso strains. In all, 5415 bp spanning the seven loci were obtained from each of the 49 strains of our bacterial collection. Analysis of sequence data was consistent with a clonal population structure with no evidence of recombination. Phylogenies reconstructed from individual genes, and with concatenated data, were globally congruent with each other. In addition to the five highly supported and distinct genetic clusters, which correspond to the five established haplotypes, our phylogenetic data revealed the presence of a sixth haplotype, designated ‘LsoG’. This new haplotype is currently represented by two strains from France which had distinct sequences in four out of the seven tested housekeeping genes. Altogether, the data presented here provide new information regarding the genetic structure of Lso and the evolutionary history of the haplotypes defined within this bacterial species.
C9orf72 Dipeptide Repeats Inhibit UPF1-Mediated RNA Decay Independent of Stress Granule Formation
Authors: Sun Yu , Eshov Aziz , Guo Junjie U. 
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACTExpansion of an intronic (GGGGCC)n repeat region within the C9orf72 gene is a major cause of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia (c9ALS/FTD). A pathological hallmark in c9ALS/FTD is the accumulation of misprocessed RNAs, which are often targets of RNA surveillance pathways in normal cells. Here we show that nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) and other RNA decay mechanisms involving upstream frameshift 1 (UPF1), collectively referred to as UPF1-mediated RNA decay (UMD), are broadly inhibited in c9ALS/FTD brains. These effects are recapitulated in cultured cells by the ectopic expression of arginine-rich dipeptide repeats (DPRs), poly(GR) and poly(PR). Despite these two DPRs causing the recruitment of UPF1 to stress granules, stress granule formation is neither sufficient nor necessary for UMD inhibition. Our results suggest that UMD inhibition may accelerate the accumulation of deleterious RNAs and polypeptides in c9ALS/FTD.
Modelling the effect of compaction pressure on hysteresis curves of self-developed SMC cores
Authors: Jakubas Adam , Jastrzębski Radosław , Chwastek Krzysztof 
Published: April 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the effect of varying compaction pressure on magnetic properties of self-developed soft magnetic composite (SMC) cores. The change in shape of ferromagnetic hysteresis curves has – in turn – the impact on the values of hysteresis model parameters. The phenomenological GRUCAD model is chosen for description of hysteresis curves.

Design/methodology/approach
Several cylinder-shaped cores have been made from a mixture of iron powder and suspense polyvinyl chloride using a hydraulic press with a form and a band with a thermocouple for controlling heat treatment conditions. The only varying parameter in the study is the compaction pressure. The magnetic properties of developed cores have been measured using a computer-acquisition card and LabView software. The obtained hysteresis curves are fitted to the equations of the phenomenological GRUCAD model. This description is compliant with the laws of irreversible thermodynamics. The variations of model parameters are presented as functions of compacting pressure.

Findings
The compaction pressure has a significant impact on magnetic properties of self-developed SMC cores. The paper provides a number of charts useful for checking how the parameters of the hysteresis model are affected.

Research limitations/implications
The present paper is limited to modelling symmetrical loops only. Description of more complex magnetization cycles is postponed to another, forthcoming paper.

Practical implications
The GRUCAD hysteresis model may be a useful tool for the designers of magnetic circuits. Its parameters depend on the processing conditions (in this study – the compaction pressure) of the SMC cores.

Originality/value
Modelling of magnetic properties of SMC cores has been carried so far using some well-known description like Preisach, Takács and Jiles–Atherton proposals. The GRUCAD model has a number of advantages, and it may be a useful alternative to the latter formalism. So far it has been used for description of hysteresis curves in conventional materials like non-oriented and grain-oriented electrical steels. In the present work, it is applied to novel SMC materials.