bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Radial symmetry of non-maximal entire solutions of a bi-harmonic equation with exponential nonlinearity
Authors: Guo Hongxia , Guo Zongming , Wan Fangshu 
Published: January 2019

AbstractWe study radial symmetry of entire solutions of the equation0.1$$\Delta ^2u = 8(N-2)(N-4)e^u\quad {\rm in}\;R^N\;\;(N \ges 5).$$It is known that (0.1) admits infinitely many radially symmetric entire solutions. These solutions may have either a (negative) logarithmic behaviour or a (negative) quadratic behaviour at infinity. Up to translations, we know that there is only one radial entire solution with the former behaviour, which is called ‘maximal radial entire solution’, and infinitely many radial entire solutions with the latter behaviour, which are called ‘non-maximal radial entire solutions’. The necessary and sufficient conditions for an entire solutionuof (0.1) to be the maximal radial entire solution are presented in [7] recently. In this paper, we will give the necessary and sufficient conditions for an entire solutionuof (0.1) to be a non-maximal radial entire solution.
A CLASS OF CRITICAL KIRCHHOFF PROBLEM ON THE HYPERBOLIC SPACE
Authors: CARRIÃO PAULO CESAR , COSTA AUGUSTO CÉSAR DOS REIS , MIYAGAKI OLIMPIO HIROSHI 
Published: January 2019

AbstractWe investigate questions on the existence of nontrivial solution for a class of the critical Kirchhoff-type problems in Hyperbolic space. By the use of the stereographic projection the problem becomes a singular problem on the boundary of the open ball$B_1(0)\subset \mathbb{R}^n$Combining a version of the Hardy inequality, due to Brezis–Marcus, with the mountain pass theorem due to Ambrosetti–Rabinowitz are used to obtain the nontrivial solution. One of the difficulties is to find a range where the Palais Smale converges, because our equation involves a nonlocal term coming from the Kirchhoff term.
Significance of immunohistochemical overexpression of cyclooxygenase-2 in overall and disease-free survival of oral squamous cell carcinoma patients
Authors: Adnan Ali S M , Naeem S , Mirza Y , Zahid N , Awan M S 
Published: January 2019

AbstractObjectiveIn Pakistan, oral cancer ranks as the most common malignancy in males and the second most common malignancy in females. Cyclooxygenase-2 has been explored as an agent of carcinogenesis in oral and other neoplasms. This study aimed to observe the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 in oral squamous cell carcinoma, and to correlate the expression with patients’ clinical features and overall and disease-free survival.MethodsImmunohistochemistry for cyclooxygenase-2 was performed on a total of 100 oral squamous cell carcinoma formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded blocks. Expression was correlated with patients’ clinicopathological variables and overall and disease-free survival.ResultsCyclooxygenase-2 was overexpressed in 55 per cent of oral squamous cell carcinoma patients. Overexpression was correlated with overall survival (p= 0.013) and disease-free survival (p= 0.001) on univariate analysis. However, on multivariate analysis, cyclooxygenase-2 was associated with only disease-free survival (p= 0.044) and not overall survival (p= 0.208).ConclusionExpression of cyclooxygenase-2 is associated with poorer overall survival and higher rates of recurrence in oral squamous cell carcinoma patients.
Characterising variations in perceptual decision making
Authors: Schultz Johannes , Hurlemann René 
Published: January 2019

AbstractCurrent perspectives propose that observer models accounting for both optimal and suboptimal behaviour may yield real progress in understanding perception. We propose that such models could, in addition, be very useful for precisely characterising the variation in perception across healthy participants and those affected by psychiatric disorders, as well as the effects of neuromodulators such as oxytocin.
Perceptual suboptimality: Bug or feature?
Authors: Summerfield Christopher , Li Vickie 
Published: January 2019

AbstractRahnev & Denison (R&D) argue that whether people are “optimal” or “suboptimal” is not a well-posed question. We agree. However, we argue that the critical question is why humans make suboptimal perceptual decisions in the first place. We suggest that perceptual distortions have a normative explanation – that they promote efficient coding and computation in biological information processing systems.
Individuals, traditions, and the righteous
Authors: Palmer Craig T. , Clark Kyle J. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractWhitehouse's article posits several plausible hypotheses, but suffers from an unwarranted reliance on the importance of distinct social groups in the causation of self-sacrificing behavior. A focus on relationships between individual kin is better able to account for both the evolution of self-sacrifice and present forms of self-sacrifice. The practical importance of this point is discussed.
The analytic utility of distinguishing fighting from dying
Authors: Hansen Ian Grant 
Published: January 2019

AbstractFighting and dying, or what Whitehouse calls “out-group hostility” and “extreme self-sacrifice,” are not conceptually overlapping, but in fact are highly distinguishable, both theoretically and empirically. I present empirical evidence from a reanalysis of Ginges et al. (2009, Study 4), demonstrating the potentially inverse relationship between “parochial hostility” – fighting and “sacrificial altruism” – “and” dying.
Self-sacrifice for in-group's history: A diachronic perspective
Authors: Babińska Maria , Bilewicz Michal 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe problem of extended fusion and identification can be approached from a diachronic perspective. Based on our own research, as well as findings from the fields of social, political, and clinical psychology, we argue that the way contemporary emotional events shape local fusion is similar to the way in which historical experiences shape extended fusion. We propose a reciprocal process in which historical events shape contemporary identities, whereas contemporary identities shape interpretations of past traumas.
Toward a more comprehensive theory of self-sacrificial violence
Authors: Kiper Jordan , Sosis Richard 
Published: January 2019

AbstractWe argue that limiting the theory of extreme self-sacrifice to two determinants, namely, identity fusion and group threats, results in logical and conceptual difficulties. To strengthen Whitehouse's theory, we encourage a more holistic approach. In particular, we suggest that the theory include exogenous sociopolitical factors and constituents of the religious system as additional predictors of extreme self-sacrifice.
What fuses sports fans?
Authors: Xygalatas Dimitris 
Published: January 2019

AbstractExtreme self-sacrifice in the context of phenomena, such as sports hooliganism, combines aspects of local and extended fusion. How can we best account for such phenomena in the light of the theory presented here, and how can we make a tangible distinction between the two types? I propose ways to explore and operationalize this distinction and the concept of fusion more generally.
#JeSuisCirconflexe: The French spelling reform of 1990 and 2016 reactions
Authors: Humphries Emma 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACTIn February 2016 the French spelling reform of 1990, which introduced changes to approximately 2,000 words, became the object of discussion online, after it was announced that the new spellings would be included in textbooks from September. Analysing a corpus of tweets, containing key terms from the online discussion, JeSuisCirconflexe; ognon and réforme orthographe, this study gives an insight into the reactions to this governmental linguistic intervention, the recurring themes in their discourse and how this can be interpreted as prescriptive or purist behaviour. Although previous studies have extensively analysed reactions to the 1996 spelling reform in Germany, little research has considered online lay-reactions to the French reform. Given observations that online interactions differ in many ways to equivalent offline interactions, this study can form a point of contrast to previous studies conducted in offline contexts, thereby enriching the existing literature in this field. It is also often claimed that France is a country in which linguistic purism is deeply entrenched; this article will seek further evidence for these claims.
Cor triatriatum sinister with left anomalous pulmonary venous return to innominate vein
Authors: Jaschinski Christoph , Uzdenov Murat , Loukanov Tsvetomir 
Published: January 2019

AbstractCor triatriatum sinister is a rare congenital abnormality, with varying signs and symptoms related to the anatomic features and the components of the accompanying cardiac abnormalities. We present a 3-year-old girl who underwent successful simultaneous operation with complete loss of the membrane and ligation of vertical vein by anomalous venous return. The principles for surgical management of cor triatriatum can be summarised as radical resection of the membrane and correction of other intracardiac anomalies.
Antarctic Cloud Macrophysical, Thermodynamic Phase, and Atmospheric Inversion Coupling Properties at McMurdo Station—Part II: Radiative Impact During Different Synoptic Regimes
Authors: Silber Israel , Verlinde Johannes , Cadeddu Maria , Flynn Connor J. , Vogelmann Andrew M. , Eloranta Edwin W. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractDifferent cloud types are generated over Antarctica as a result of various synoptic conditions. The cloud characteristics affect their impact on the surface energy budget. In this study, the dominating synoptic regimes over Antarctica (centered on the Ross Ice Shelf) are classified using self‐organizing map analysis, applied over long‐term ERA‐Interim 700‐hPa geopotential height data. The corresponding cloud properties over McMurdo Station (measured as part of the AWARE campaign) are described and discussed with respect to the synoptic settings and sea‐ice extent conditions. Cloud radiative forcing calculations are performed as well, and a particular focus is given to the net longwave “radiatively cloudy/opaque” (RO) regime. These results are compared with measurements performed at the West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) Divide to examine their variability and applicability to other Antarctic locations. It is found that the McMurdo cloud properties are strongly affected by the regional flow patterns and mesoscale cyclonic activity, which often moderates the larger‐scale synoptic regime influence. In contrast, the WAIS clouds are more susceptible to the varying synoptic settings. It is suggested that the positive trend in the (frequent) cyclonic activity near the Antarctic coastal regions makes ice clouds an increasingly prominent contributor for the RO cases, especially during freezeup and maximum sea‐ice conditions.
Seasonal Variation in Martian Water Ice Cloud Particle Size
Authors: Guzewich Scott D. , Smith M. D. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractWe employ the complete record of Mars limb‐viewing observations by the Compact Reconnaissance Imaging Spectrometer for Mars, totaling 922 successful retrievals, to chart the seasonal variation in water ice cloud particle size. Low‐latitude clouds exhibit particle size sorting with altitude at all seasons, with particles ranging from >3.0 μm in effective radius to 1.0–1.5 μm. However, at a given altitude, the ice particle size often varies through the year. Ice particle sizes in the tropics follow a different seasonal cycle than ice mixing ratio. North polar clouds have a complex seasonal cycle, with a sloped size profile with altitude as the polar hood cloud forms in early fall trending to a roughly uniform 1.5‐μm profile by the end of winter. These data are an important metric to validate and improve general circulation model microphysical routines and to better understand how Martian water ice clouds influence the atmospheric radiative budget.
Multistage Remobilization of the Southwestern Margin of the South China Plate: Insights From Zircon U‐Pb Geochronology and Hf Isotope of Granitic Rocks From the Yao Shan Complex, Southeastern Tibet Plateau
Authors: Chen Xiaoyu , Burg Jean‐Pierre , Liu Junlai , Qi Yinchuan , Fan Wenkui , Wang Kai 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe Yao Shan complex, located at the southwestern margin of the South China plate, to the east of the Sanjiang‐Southeast Asia Tethyan domain, and at the northern extension of the Day Nui Con Voi massif of the Ailao Shan‐Red River shear zone, provides a reasonable example to study the multistage tectonic remobilization of continental plates. In this paper, we present new zircon LA‐ICP‐MS (Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry) U‐Pb dating results and Hf isotopic data of the granitic plutons and dikes from the Yao Shan complex. Zircon U‐Pb ages of the granitic intrusions mainly concentrate on three periods: 825–780, 82–69, and 31–29 Ma. The zircons are characterized by mainly negative εHf(t) values with TDMC ages of 2637–1645, 1964–1610, and 2077–1400 Ma, respectively. The results show that the Yao Shan complex record evidences for three episodes of extensive partial melting of middle and lower crustal Precambrian crystalline basement rocks. They contributed to the granitic magmatism in relation to tectonic processes and structural deformation from Neoproterozoic, Late Cretaceous to Oligo‐Miocene. Therefore, we argue that the southwestern margin of the South China plate is the weakness for multistage remobilization throughout the tectonic evolution of the plate after its primary cratonization. Remobilization of the plate margin is related to oceanic plate subduction, triggered by rifting in a passive continental margin setting, induced by extension at back‐arc setting, or resulted from continental extrusion.
Diverse motif ensembles specify non-redundant DNA binding activities of AP-1 family members in macrophages
Authors: Fonseca Gregory J. , Tao Jenhan , Westin Emma M. , Duttke Sascha H. , Spann Nathanael J. , Strid Tobias , Shen Zeyang , Stender Joshua D. , Sakai Mashito , Link Verena M. , Benner Christopher , Glass Christopher K. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractMechanisms by which members of the AP-1 family of transcription factors play non-redundant biological roles despite recognizing the same DNA sequence remain poorly understood. To address this question, here we investigate the molecular functions and genome-wide DNA binding patterns of AP-1 family members in primary and immortalized mouse macrophages. ChIP-sequencing shows overlapping and distinct binding profiles for each factor that were remodeled following TLR4 ligation. Development of a machine learning approach that jointly weighs hundreds of DNA recognition elements yields dozens of motifs predicted to drive factor-specific binding profiles. Machine learning-based predictions are confirmed by analysis of the effects of mutations in genetically diverse mice and by loss of function experiments. These findings provide evidence that non-redundant genomic locations of different AP-1 family members in macrophages largely result from collaborative interactions with diverse, locus-specific ensembles of transcription factors and suggest a general mechanism for encoding functional specificities of their common recognition motif.
An integrated chromatin accessibility and transcriptome landscape of human pre-implantation embryos
Authors: Liu Longqi , Leng Lizhi , Liu Chuanyu , Lu Changfu , Yuan Yue , Wu Liang , Gong Fei , Zhang Shuoping , Wei Xiaoyu , Wang Mingyue , Zhao Lei , Hu Liang , Wang Jian , Yang Huanming , Zhu Shida , Chen Fang , Lu Guangxiu , Shang Zhouchun , Lin Ge 
Published: January 2019

AbstractHuman pre-implantation embryonic development involves extensive changes in chromatin structure and transcriptional activity. Here, we report on LiCAT-seq, a technique that enables simultaneous profiling of chromatin accessibility and gene expression with ultra-low input of cells, and map the chromatin accessibility and transcriptome landscapes for human pre-implantation embryos. We observed global difference in chromatin accessibility between sperm and all stages of embryos, finding that the accessible regions in sperm tend to occur in gene-poor genomic regions. Integrative analyses between the two datasets reveals strong association between the establishment of accessible chromatin and embryonic genome activation (EGA), and uncovers transcription factors and endogenous retrovirus (ERVs) specific to EGA. In particular, a large proportion of the early activated genes and ERVs are bound by DUX4 and become accessible as early as the 2- to 4-cell stages. Our results thus offer mechanistic insights into the molecular events inherent to human pre-implantation development.
The lineage stability and suppressive program of regulatory T cells require protein O-GlcNAcylation
Authors: Liu Bing , Salgado Oscar C. , Singh Sangya , Hippen Keli L. , Maynard Jason C. , Burlingame Alma L. , Ball Lauren E. , Blazar Bruce R. , Farrar Michael A. , Hogquist Kristin A. , Ruan Hai-Bin 
Published: January 2019

AbstractRegulatory T (Treg) cells control self-tolerance, inflammatory responses and tissue homeostasis. In mature Treg cells, continued expression of FOXP3 maintains lineage identity, while T cell receptor (TCR) signaling and interleukin-2 (IL-2)/STAT5 activation support the suppressive effector function of Treg cells, but how these regulators synergize to control Treg cell homeostasis and function remains unclear. Here we show that TCR-activated posttranslational modification by O-linked N-Acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) stabilizes FOXP3 and activates STAT5, thus integrating these critical signaling pathways. O-GlcNAc-deficient Treg cells develop normally but display modestly reduced FOXP3 expression, strongly impaired lineage stability and effector function, and ultimately fatal autoimmunity in mice. Moreover, deficiency in protein O-GlcNAcylation attenuates IL-2/STAT5 signaling, while overexpression of a constitutively active form of STAT5 partially ameliorates Treg cell dysfunction and systemic inflammation in O-GlcNAc deficient mice. Collectively, our data demonstrate that protein O-GlcNAcylation is essential for lineage stability and effector function in Treg cells.
Rescue of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells formation in plcg1 zebrafish mutant
Authors: Ferri-Lagneau Karine F. , Haider Jamil , Sang Shengmin , Leung TinChung 
Published: January 2019

AbstractHematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPC) in zebrafish emerge from the aortic hemogenic endothelium (HE) and migrate towards the caudal hematopoietic tissue (CHT), where they expand and differentiate during definitive hematopoiesis. Phospholipase C gamma 1 (Plcγ1) has been implicated for hematopoiesis in vivo and in vitro and is also required to drive arterial and HSPC formation. Genetic mutation in plcg1−/− (y10 allele) completely disrupts the aortic blood flow, specification of arterial fate, and HSPC formation in zebrafish embryos. We previously demonstrated that ginger treatment promoted definitive hematopoiesis via Bmp signaling. In this paper, we focus on HSPC development in plcg1−/− mutants and show that ginger/10-gingerol (10-G) can rescue the expression of arterial and HSPC markers in the HE and CHT in plcg1−/− mutant embryos. We demonstrate that ginger can induce scl/runx1 expression, and that rescued HE fate is dependent on Bmp and Notch. Bmp and Notch are known to regulate nitric oxide (NO) production and NO can induce hematopoietic stem cell fate. We show that ginger produces a robust up-regulation of NO. Taken together, we suggest in this paper that Bmp, Notch and NO are potential players that mediate the effect of ginger/10-G for rescuing the genetic defects in blood vessel specification and HSPC formation in plcg1−/− mutants. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of HSPC development in vivo is critical for understanding HSPC expansion, which will have a positive impact in regenerative medicine.
The individual’s signature of telomere length distribution
Authors: Toupance Simon , Villemonais Denis , Germain Daphné , Gegout-Petit Anne , Albuisson Eliane , Benetos Athanase 
Published: January 2019

AbstractMean telomere length in human leukocyte DNA samples reflects the different lengths of telomeres at the ends of the 23 chromosomes and in an admixture of cells. However, only rudimentary information is available regarding the distribution of telomere lengths in all chromosomes and the different cell types in leukocyte samples. Understanding the configuration of leukocyte telomere length distribution (LTLD) could be helpful in capturing intrinsic elements that are not provided by the mean leukocyte telomere length (mLTL). The objective of this study was to analyse LTLD and its temporal variation in adults. Leukocyte samples were donated on two occasions (8 years apart) by 72 participants in the ADELAHYDE study. Telomere length was measured by Southern blotting of the terminal restriction fragments. Individuals with comparable mLTLs displayed different shapes of LTLDs. Inter-individual variation in LTLD shape was much larger than intra-individual variation in LTLD shape between baseline and follow-up leukocyte samples. These results show an important individual stability of LTLD shape over time indicating that each individual has a characteristic LTLD signature.
Propagule pressure and hunting pressure jointly determine genetic evolution in insular populations of a global frog invader
Authors: Wang Supen , Liu Conghui , Wu Jun , Xu Chunxia , Zhang Jiaqi , Bai Changming , Gao Xu , Liu Xuan , Li Xianping , Zhu Wei , Li Yiming 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIslands are often considered to be more susceptible to biological invasions and to suffer greater impacts from invaders than mainland areas, and this difference is generally attributed to differences in species introductions, ecological factors or human activities between islands and mainland areas. Genetic variation, as a good estimate of evolutionary potential, can influence the invasion process and impacts of alien species. However, few studies have compared the genetic diversity of alien species between islands and a corresponding mainland. Here, we examined the genetic variation and differentiation in feral populations (30 sampled individuals/population) of a globally invasive species (the American bullfrog,Lithobates catesbeianus) that was extensively farmed on 14 islands in the Zhoushan Archipelago of China and in three nearby regions on the mainland. We quantified the relative importance of propagule pressure and hunting pressures on the genetic variation of bullfrog populations and found that insular populations have greater genetic variation than their mainland counterparts. Although genetic differentiation between the populations was observed, no evidence of recent bottlenecks or population expansion in any of the tested population was found. Our results suggest that the propagule pressures of bullfrogs escaping from farms, multiple releases and hunting pressure influence the genetic variation among bullfrog populations. These results might have important implications for understanding the establishment and evolution of alien species on islands and for the management of invasive species.