bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
L
imnohabitans
Authors: Kasalický Vojtěch 
Published: March 2019

Abstract

Lim.no.ha'bi.tans. Gr. n.
limne
lake; L. pres. part. habitans inhabiting; N.L. part. adj. used as a masc. n.
Limnohabitans
lake dweller, referring to the type of ecosystem inhabited by these bacteria.

Proteobacteria / Betaproteobacteria / Burkholderiales / Comamonadaceae / Limnohabitans

The genus
Limnohabitans
harbors freshwater bacteria with opportunistic lifestyle. Bacteria exhibit mainly free‐living life, but they were also reported as symbionts/epibionts of crustacean
Daphnia magna
or the freshwater polyp
Hydra vulgaris
. Free‐living
Limnohabitans
have a fast‐growing strategy profiting from diverse dissolved autochtonous or allochtonous organic carbohydrates. They are vulnerable to protists grazing; however, they sustain their abundance by a short doubling time.

Limnohabitans
bacteria are cosmopolitan and ubiquitous in stagnant freshwater systems (up to 35% of total bacterioplankton); their abundance decreases with pH lower than 6. Their abundance correlates best with the phytoplankton extracellular production, which means that they are usually preferable present in epilimnion of lakes rather than in hypolimnion.

Isolations of
Limnohabitans
strains revealed their variable morphology in size (volume range 0.03–0.8 µm
3
) and shapes (including small cocci, rods, curved cells, and large solenoids). The strains are characterized by mid‐sized genomes of 2.6–5 Mb with G + C content 51–61%. Cultivated strains require complex media and grow as aerobic chemoorganotrophs, or facultative anaerobes. An important part of the isolated strains are aerobic anoxygenic photoheterotrophs, with pigments bacteriochlorophyll
a
and carotenoids spheroiden and spheroidenone. Some strains possess genes for autotrophic CO
2
fixation with RuBisCO. They grow well in liquid media; growth on agar plates is possible but delicate. Currently (August 2018), the genus contains four described species.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 51–61.

Type species
:
Limnohabitans curvus
Hahn, Kasalický, Jezbera, Brandt, Jezberová and Šimek 2010a, 1362.
Principles of tumorigenesis and emerging molecular drivers of SHH‐activated medulloblastomas
Authors: Menyhárt Otília , Győrffy Balázs 
Published: March 2019

AbstractSHH‐activated medulloblastomas (SHH‐MB) account for 25–30% of all medulloblastomas (MB) and occur with a bimodal age distribution, encompassing many infant and adult, but fewer childhood cases. Different age groups are characterized by distinct survival outcomes and age‐specific alterations of regulatory pathways. Here, we review SHH‐specific genetic aberrations and signaling pathways. Over 95% of SHH‐MBs contain at least one driver event – the activating mutations frequently affect sonic hedgehog signaling (PTCH1, SMO, SUFU), genome maintenance (TP53), and chromatin modulation (KMT2D, KMT2C, HAT complexes), while genes responsible for transcriptional regulation (MYCN) are recurrently amplified. SHH‐MBs have the highest prevalence of damaging germline mutations among all MBs. TP53‐mutant MBs are enriched among older children and have the worst prognosis among all SHH‐MBs. Numerous genetic aberrations, including mutations of TERT, DDX3X, and the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway are almost exclusive to adult patients. We elaborate on the newest development within the evolution of molecular subclassification, and compare proposed risk categories across emerging classification systems. We discuss discoveries based on preclinical models and elaborate on the applicability of potential new therapies, including BET bromodomain inhibitors, statins, inhibitors of SMO, AURK, PLK, cMET, targeting stem‐like cells, and emerging immunotherapeutic strategies. An enormous amount of data on the genetic background of SHH‐MB have accumulated, nevertheless, subgroup affiliation does not provide reliable prediction about response to therapy. Emerging subtypes within SHH‐MB offer more layered risk stratifications. Rational clinical trial designs with the incorporation of available molecular knowledge are inevitable. Improved collaboration across the scientific community will be imperative for therapeutic breakthroughs.
3D Porous Cu Current Collectors Derived by Hydrogen Bubble Dynamic Template for Enhanced Li Metal Anode Performance
Authors: Qiu Hailong , Tang Tianyu , Asif Muhammad , Huang Xiaoxiao , Hou Yanglong 
Published: March 2019

AbstractLithium (Li) metal is the most ideal anode material for high‐energy density batteries. However, the high activity of Li metal, the large volume change, and Li dendrite formation during cycling hinder its practical application. Herein, 3D porous Cu synthesized through a simple time‐saving hydrogen bubble dynamic template method is used as a host for the improved performance Li metal anode. Contrary to the planar Cu foil, the synthesized 3D porous structure can reduce the local current density, suppress the mossy/dendritic Li growth, and buffer the volume change in the Li metal anode. Highly stable Coulombic efficiency is achieved at different specific current densities (0.5, 1, and 2 mA cm−2) with a capacity of 1.0 mAh cm−2. Moreover, symmetrical Li|Li‐3D Cu cells show more stable cyclic performance with a lower overpotential even at a high current density of 3 mA cm−2.
Single‐Crystalline Vanadium Dioxide Actuators
Authors: Shi Run , Cai Xiangbin , Wang Weijun , Wang Jingwei , Kong Dejun , Cai Nianduo , Chen Pengcheng , He Pingge , Wu Zefei , Amini Abbas , Wang Ning , Cheng Chun 
Published: March 2019

AbstractActuators that convert other forms of energy to mechanical energy have attracted extensive interest for their critical applications in microelectromechanical systems and miniature robotics. Recently, it is discovered that vanadium dioxide (VO2)‐based microscale bimorph actuators demonstrate comprehensive superiority of actuation performances, taking the good of the giant theoretical power density (7 J cm−3) and ultrafast response (∼picosecond) of crystalline VO2, while they still suffer from the intrinsic shortcomings of complex structures. Here, “single‐crystalline VO2 actuators” (SCVAs) that have unique self‐bending behavior upon temperature change are reported. This is realized by facilely and precisely controlling the phase structures via lateral stoichiometry‐engineering in VO2 nanobeams at the nanoscale level. These SCVAs exhibit remarkable actuation performances and admirable stability, which are equivalent or even superior to the reported VO2‐based conventional bimorph actuators. It is noteworthy that the gradual, reversible, and predictable bending of SCVAs enables a precise actuation control of related mechanics, such as the quantitative wind detector and thermal micromechanical claw. This work demonstrates the possibility of this strategy to enable single crystalline actuators excellent performance by internally lateral and gradual strain‐engineering.
Ultrastable and Reversible Fluorescent Perovskite Films Used for Flexible Instantaneous Display
Authors: Tan Yeshu , Li Ruiying , Xu Hao , Qin Yuanshuai , Song Tao , Sun Baoquan 
Published: March 2019

AbstractAll‐inorganic halide perovskite materials are regarded as promising materials in information display applications owing to their tunable color, narrow emission peak, and easy processability. However, the photoluminescence (PL) stability of halide perovskite films is still inferior due to their poor thermal stability and hygroscopic properties. Herein, all‐inorganic perovskite films are prepared through vacuum thermal deposition method to enhance thermal and hygroscopic stability. By intentionally adding extra bromide source, a structure of CsPbBr3 nanocrystals embedded in a CsPb2Br5 matrix (CsPbBr3/CsPb2Br5) is formed via an air exposure process, leading to impressive PL stability in ambient atmosphere. In addition, the as‐fabricated CsPbBr3/CsPb2Br5 structure shows enhanced PL intensity due to the dielectric confinement. The CsPbBr3/CsPb2Br5 structure film can almost reserve its initial PL intensity after four months, even stored in ambient atmosphere. The PL intensity for CsPbBr3/CsPb2Br5 films vanishes at elevated temperature and recovers by cooling down in a short time. The reversible PL conversion process can be repeated over hundreds of times. Based on the reversible PL property, prototype thermal‐driven information display devices are demonstrated by employing heating circuits on flexible transparent substrates. These robust perovskite films with reversible PL characteristics promise an alternative solid‐state emitting display.
Steady State Luminescence Enhancement in Plasmon Coupled Core/Shell Upconversion Nanoparticles
Authors: Zhan Shiping , Xiong Jian , Nie Guozheng , Wu Shaobing , Hu Junshan , Wu Xiaofeng , Hu Shigang , Zhang Jian , Gao Yongyi , Liu Yunxin 
Published: March 2019

AbstractPlasmon enhanced upconversion luminescence has been deeply investigated and finds extensive applications from fluorescent sensors to cancer therapy. Here, the steady state luminescence enhancement is shown in plasmonic substrate coupled upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs). The plasmonic Au‐nanohole‐nanoplate bilayer arrays (PABAs) are designed for generating full‐covered local field which couple both the excitation and the emission field of core/shell UCNPs. By tuning the coupling distance through a 3 nm thick inert shielding shell on upconversion nanoparticles, the plasmon enhanced upconversion luminescence enhancement is found independent on excitation power. This effect will greatly facilitate the applications of plasmon enhanced upconversion nanoparticles as biosensors even under extremely weak excitation. E.g., PABA‐supported core/inert–shell UCNPs are employed as a fluorescent sensor for detecting acetic acid gas, and a linear relationship between upconversion luminescent intensity and acetic acid concentration can be obtained as expected, accompanied by a detection limit of 81 nmol mL−1, which is one order of magnitude lower than the best level ever reported.
DNA Nanotechnology Enters Cell Membranes
Authors: Huo Shuaidong , Li Hongyan , Boersma Arnold J. , Herrmann Andreas 
Published: March 2019

AbstractDNA is more than a carrier of genetic information: It is a highly versatile structural motif for the assembly of nanostructures, giving rise to a wide range of functionalities. In this regard, the structure programmability is the main advantage of DNA over peptides, proteins, and small molecules. DNA amphiphiles, in which DNA is covalently bound to synthetic hydrophobic moieties, allow interactions of DNA nanostructures with artificial lipid bilayers and cell membranes. These structures have seen rapid growth with great potential for medical applications. In this Review, the current state of the art of the synthesis of DNA amphiphiles and their assembly into nanostructures are first summarized. Next, an overview on the interaction of these DNA amphiphiles with membranes is provided, detailing on the driving forces and the stability of the interaction. Moreover, the interaction with cell surfaces in respect to therapeutics, biological sensing, and cell membrane engineering is highlighted. Finally, the challenges and an outlook on this promising class of DNA hybrid materials are discussed.
A Direct Approach to 3‐Azo‐Substituted 2‐Oxindoles at Room Temperature by Nickel‐Catalyzed Oxidative Coupling Reaction
Authors: Liu Qing , Li Cailong , Lu Zhenxin , Huang Gaofeng , Ye Jinxiang , Gao Yu , Chen Haijun 
Published: March 2019

AbstractHerein, we report a nickel‐catalyzed oxidative coupling reaction for the synthesis of 3‐azo‐substituted 2‐oxindoles. The key intermediates of 3‐arylazohexahydropyrrolo‐[2,3‐b]indoles undergo further transformation to provide 3‐azo‐substituted 2‐oxindoles in the presence of H2O, aryldiazonium tetrafluoroborate salts and catalytic amount of NiBr2. This reaction can be performed in an open flask at room temperature and exhibits a broad functional‐group tolerance in moderate to excellent yields.
Analyses of Neanderthal introgression suggest that Levantine and southern Arabian populations have a shared population history
Authors: Vyas Deven N. , Mulligan Connie J. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractObjectivesModern humans are thought to have interbred with Neanderthals in the Near East soon after modern humans dispersed out of Africa. This introgression event likely took place in either the Levant or southern Arabia depending on the dispersal route out of Africa that was followed. In this study, we compare Neanderthal introgression in contemporary Levantine and southern Arabian populations to investigate Neanderthal introgression and to study Near Eastern population history.Materials and MethodsWe analyzed genotyping data on >400,000 autosomal SNPs from seven Levantine and five southern Arabian populations and compared these data to those from populations from around the world including Neanderthal and Denisovan genomes. We used f4 and D statistics to estimate and compare levels of Neanderthal introgression between Levantine, southern Arabian, and comparative global populations. We also identified 1,581 putative Neanderthal‐introgressed SNPs within our dataset and analyzed their allele frequencies as a means to compare introgression patterns in Levantine and southern Arabian genomes.ResultsWe find that Levantine and southern Arabian populations have similar levels of Neanderthal introgression to each other but lower levels than other non‐Africans. Furthermore, we find that introgressed SNPs have very similar allele frequencies in the Levant and southern Arabia, which indicates that Neanderthal introgression is similarly distributed in Levantine and southern Arabian genomes.DiscussionWe infer that the ancestors of contemporary Levantine and southern Arabian populations received Neanderthal introgression prior to separating from each other and that there has been extensive gene flow between these populations.
Schutzgruppenfreie Synthese von sequenzdefinierten Makromolekülen mittels präziser λ‐orthogonaler Photochemie
Authors: Konrad Waldemar , Fengler Christian , Putwa Sarrah , Barner‐Kowollik Christopher 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBasierend auf einer lichtinduzierten Methode, die keine Schutzgruppenchemie erfordert, werden monodisperse sequenzdefinierte lineare Makromoleküle über ein einzigartiges photochemisches Vorgehen erzeugt. Ausgehend von einer symmetrischen Kerneinheit werden präzise Makromoleküle mit Molekulargewichten von bis zu 6257.10 g mol−1 über ein Zweimonomersystem erhalten. Der iterative Ansatz für das Kettenwachstum wird über die erste Monomereinheit, die zu einem ein auf sichtbares Licht reagierendes, pyrenfunktionalisiertes, Tetrazol und zum anderem ein auf UV‐Strahlung reagierendes Dien trägt, ermöglicht. Das zweite Monomer ist mit einer Carbonsäure und einem Fumarat ausgestattet. Beide lichtinduzierte Kettenwachstumsreaktionen werden λ‐orthogonal durchgeführt. Dabei wird die jeweilige lichtempfindliche Gruppe selektiv angeregt und dadurch Schutzgruppenchemie vermieden. Die detaillierte Charakterisierung jeder sequenzdefinierten Kette, die über Größenausschlusschromatographie (SEC), hochauflösende Elektrospray‐Ionisations‐Massenspektrometrie (ESI‐MS) und NMR‐Spektroskopie durchgeführt wird, bestätigt den monodispersen Charakter der Makromoleküle.
Graphit‐ und‐Silicium‐Anoden für Lithiumionen‐ Hochenergiebatterien
Authors: Chae Sujong , Choi Seong‐Hyeon , Kim Namhyung , Sung Jaekyung , Cho Jaephil 
Published: March 2019

AbstractSilicium (Si) wird als ein vielversprechendes Anodenmaterial angesehen, mit dessen Hilfe die theoretische Kapazitätsgrenze kohlehaltiger Anodenmaterialien überwunden werden kann. Beim Problem der starken Volumenänderung als Folge der Lithiierung/Delithiierung brachte die Anwendung von Nanomethoden für Si‐Anoden einige Fortschritte. Weniger Erfolg hatte man bei der praktischen Anwendung von Si‐Anoden in kommerziellen Lithiumionen‐Batterien (LIBs). Vor dem Hintergrund eines wachsenden Bedarfs in vielen Bereichen wird der gemeinsame Einsatz des Si mit Graphit als eine wirtschaftlich sinnvolle Methode für die Realisierung hoher Energien diskutiert. Wir erörtern hier die Notwendigkeit der Kombination von Graphit und Si für die Kommerzialisierung und werden die Entwicklung von Graphit/Si‐Anoden im Detail darstellen. Behandelt werden typische Si‐Anoden, die für Graphitblend‐Elektroden verwendet werden und, geordnet nach der jeweiligen Synthesemethode, die Aufbaustrategien für Graphit/Si‐Komposite. Die Kriterien für den Graphit/Si‐Einsatz werden systematisch dargestellt. Zum Abschluss machen wir Vorschläge für die Kommerzialisierung von Graphit/Si‐Kombinationen.
Designing Hydrogen‐Bonded Organic Frameworks (HOFs) with Permanent Porosity
Authors: Hisaki Ichiro , Xin Chen , Takahashi Kiyonori , Nakamura Takayoshi 
Published: March 2019

AbstractDesigning organic components that can be used to construct porous materials enables the preparation of tailored functionalized materials. Research into porous materials has seen a resurgence in the past decade as a result of finding of self‐standing porous molecular crystals (PMCs). Particularly, a number of crystalline systems with permanent porosity that are formed by self‐assembly through hydrogen bonding (H‐bonding) have been developed. Such systems are called hydrogen‐bonded organic frameworks (HOFs). Herein we systematically describe H‐bonding patterns (supramolecular synthons) and molecular structures (tectons) that have been used to achieve thermal and chemical durability, a large surface area, and functions, such as selective gas sorption and separation, which can provide design principles for constructing HOFs with permanent porosity.
Globular Polymer Grafts Require a Critical Size for Efficient Molecular Sieving of Enzyme Substrates
Authors: McNelles Stuart A. , Marando Victoria M. , Adronov Alex 
Published: March 2019

AbstractA series of 2,2‐bis(hydroxymethyl)propionic acid dendrons of generation 2 through 8 having a strained cyclooctyne at the core and hydroxy groups at the periphery were prepared by a divergent method and used to functionalize azide‐decorated α‐chymotrypsin. The ability of the appended dendrons to selectively block enzyme activity (through a molecular sieving effect) was investigated using a small molecule substrate (benzoyl‐l‐tyrosine p‐nitroanilide), as well as two proteins of different size (casein and bovine serum albumin). Additionally, the ability of dendrons to block complexation with a chymotrypsin antagonist, α‐antichymotrypsin, was investigated, and it was found that the dendron coating effectively prevented inhibition by this antagonist. We found that a critical generation is required to achieve efficient sieving with bis‐MPA dendrons, which illustrates the importance of macromolecular architecture and size in the shielding of proteins.
Spontaneous Resolution by Crystallization of an Octanuclear Iron(III) Complex Using Only Racemic Reagents
Authors: Lazarou Konstantinos A. , González‐Nieves Karilys , Chakraborty Indranil , Raptis Raphael G. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe P and M enantiomers of the octanuclear [Fe8(μ4‐O)4(μ‐4‐Cl‐pz)12Cl4] complex, having T symmetry, were resolved by temporary substitution of chloride ligands by racemic 4‐sBu‐phenolates and subsequent crystallization, where the (S)‐ and (R)‐phenolates coordinate selectively to the M and P complexes, respectively. The complexes were characterized by circular dichroism analysis and X‐ray structure determination. This work constitutes a rare example of enantiomeric recognition resulting in spontaneous resolution upon crystallization.
Borane Adducts of Hydrazoic Acid and Organic Azides: Intermediates for the Formation of Aminoboranes
Authors: Bläsing Kevin , Bresien Jonas , Labbow René , Michalik Dirk , Schulz Axel , Thomas Max , Villinger Alexander 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe reaction of HN3 with the strong Lewis acid B(C6F5)3 led to the formation of a very labile HN3⋅B(C6F5)3 adduct, which decomposed to an aminoborane, H(C6F5)NB(C6F5)2, above −20 °C with release of molecular nitrogen and simultaneous migration of a C6F5 group from boron to the nitrogen atom. The intermediary formation of azide–borane adducts with B(C6F5)3 was also demonstrated for a series of organic azides, RN3 (R=Me3Si, Ph, 3,5‐(CF3)2C6H3), which also underwent Staudinger‐like decomposition along with C6F5 group migration. In accord with experiment, computations revealed rather small barriers towards nitrogen release for these highly labile azide adducts for all organic substituents except R=Me3Si (m.p. 120 °C, Tdec=189 °C). Hydrolysis of the aminoboranes provided C6F5‐substituted amines, HN(R)(C6F5), in good yields.
Reversible Oxygen Redox Chemistry in Aqueous Zinc‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Wan Fang , Zhang Yan , Zhang Linlin , Liu Daobin , Wang Changda , Song Li , Niu Zhiqiang , Chen Jun 
Published: March 2019

AbstractRechargeable aqueous zinc‐ion batteries (ZIBs) are promising energy‐storage devices owing to their low cost and high safety. However, their energy‐storage mechanisms are complex and not well established. Recent energy‐storage mechanisms of ZIBs usually depend on cationic redox processes. Anionic redox processes have not been observed owing to the limitations of cathodes and electrolytes. Herein, we describe highly reversible aqueous ZIBs based on layered VOPO4 cathodes and a water‐in‐salt electrolyte. Such batteries display reversible oxygen redox chemistry in a high‐voltage region. The oxygen redox process not only provides about 27 % additional capacity, but also increases the average operating voltage to around 1.56 V, thus increasing the energy density by approximately 36 %. Furthermore, the oxygen redox process promotes the reversible crystal‐structure evolution of VOPO4 during charge/discharge processes, thus resulting in enhanced rate capability and cycling performance.
Switching from linear to cyclic δ‐Polyvalerolactone synthesized via zeolitic imidazolate framework as a catalyst: A promising approach
Authors: Naz Farah , Mousavi Bibimaryam , Luo Zhixiong , Jabbour Christia , Heynderickx Philippe M. , Chaemchuen Somboon , Verpoort Francis 
Published: March 2019

A series of spray dried zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs = ZIF‐8, ZIF‐67, and Zn/Co‐ZIF) are used as a catalyst for the bulk ring‐opening polymerization of δ‐valerolactone without any co‐catalyst to generate polyvalerolactone. Interestingly, using the same catalyst under the same reaction conditions could manipulate the structure of the product polymer, and thus its physical properties. Thus, using a dried substrate leads to the formation of the cyclic polymer while a linear polymer was formed on using the commercially available substrate. An activated monomer mechanism has been suggested where the propagating zinc alkoxide undergoes an intramolecular transesterification to release cyclic or linear polyvalerolactone. The ROP of δ‐VL without drying shows that the polymeric zwitterions have little tendency to cyclize in the presence of moisture. At 140 °C, ZIF‐8 shows a superior catalytic activity resulting in the production of cyclic polyvalerolactone having a high molecular weight as compared to ZIF‐67 or Zn/Co‐ZIF due to the presence of highly active sites. The catalyst could be recycled and reused without any significant loss of catalytic activity.