bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Demonstrating Theory in Practice: Examples of the McGill Model of Nursing
Authors: Gaudine Alice P 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT
An important test for a model of nursing is its usefulness in practice. One-hundred and forty-seven nurses in one hospital attended a 2-day workshop on the McGill Model of Nursing. An evaluation of this workshop showed the usefulness of the McGill model. Self-efficacy for performing the model increased, as did behaviors and performance related to nursing by this model. Self-reports and supervisor reports measured these increases 6 months after the workshop. Further, the implementation of the model led to staff nurses initiating bottom-up changes in the nursing department. Boundary conditions or factors outside of the workshop content that enhanced the adoptation of the model are described.
IRAK-M Associates with Susceptibility to Adult-Onset Asthma and Promotes Chronic Airway Inflammation
Authors: Liu Yi , Zhang Mingqiang , Lou Lili , Li Lun , Zhang Youming , Chen Wei , Zhou Weixun , Bai Yan , Gao Jinming 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
IL-1R–associated kinase (IRAK)-M regulates lung immunity during asthmatic airway inflammation. However, the regulatory effect of IRAK-M differs when airway inflammation persists. A positive association between IRAK-M polymorphisms with childhood asthma has been reported. In this study, we investigated the role of IRAK-M in the susceptibility to adult-onset asthma and in chronic airway inflammation using an animal model. Through genetic analysis of IRAK-M polymorphisms in a cohort of adult-onset asthma patients of Chinese Han ethnicity, we identified two IRAK-M single nucleotide polymorphisms, rs1624395 and rs1370128, genetically associated with adult-onset asthma. Functionally, the top-associated rs1624395, with an enhanced affinity to the transcription factor c-Jun, was associated with a higher expression of IRAK-M mRNA in blood monocytes. In contrast to the protective effect of IRAK-M in acute asthmatic inflammation, we found a provoking impact of IRAK-M on chronic asthmatic inflammation. Following chronic OVA stimulation, IRAK-M knockout (KO) mice presented with significantly less inflammatory cells, a lower Th2 cytokine level, a higher IFN-γ concentration, and increased percentage of Th1 cells in the lung tissue than wild type mice. Moreover, lung dendritic cells (DC) from OVA-treated IRAK-M KO mice expressed a higher percentage of costimulatory molecules PD-L1 and PD-L2. Mechanistically, in vitro TLR ligation led to a greater IFN-γ production by IRAK-M KO DCs than wild type DCs. These findings demonstrated a distinctive role of IRAK-M in maintaining chronic Th2 airway inflammation via inhibiting the DC-mediated Th1 activation and indicated a complex role for IRAK-M in the initiation and progression of experimental allergic asthma.
IL-6 Signaling Blockade during CD40-Mediated Immune Activation Favors Antitumor Factors by Reducing TGF-β, Collagen Type I, and PD-L1/PD-1
Authors: Eriksson Emma , Milenova Ioanna , Wenthe Jessica , Moreno Rafael , Alemany Ramon , Loskog Angelica 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
IL-6 plays a role in cancer pathogenesis via its connection to proteins involved in the formation of desmoplastic stroma and to immunosuppression by driving differentiation of myeloid suppressor cells together with TGF-β. Inhibition of IL-6 signaling in the tumor microenvironment may, thus, limit desmoplasia and myeloid suppressor cell differentiation. CD40 signaling can further revert myeloid cell differentiation toward antitumor active phenotypes. Hence, the simultaneous use of IL-6 blockade with CD40 stimuli may tilt the tumor microenvironment to promote antitumor immune responses. In this paper, we evaluated the mechanisms of LOAd713, an oncolytic adenovirus designed to block IL-6R signaling and to provide myeloid cell activation via a trimerized membrane-bound isoleucine zipper (TMZ) CD40L. LOAd713-infected pancreatic cancer cells were killed by oncolysis, whereas infection of stellate cells reduced factors involved in stroma formation, including TGF-β-1 and collagen type I. Virus infection prevented IL-6/GM-CSF–mediated differentiation of myeloid suppressors, but not CD163 macrophages, whereas infection of dendritic cells led to upregulation of maturation markers, including CD83, CD86, IL-12p70, and IFN-γ. Further, IL-6R blockade prevented upregulation of programed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) and PD-1 on the stimulated dendritic cells. These results suggest that LOAd713 can kill infected tumor cells and has the capacity to affect the tumor microenvironment by stimulating stellate cells and myeloid suppressors with TMZ-CD40L and IL-6R blockade. Gene transfer of murine TMZ-CD40L prolonged survival in an animal model. LOAd713 may be an interesting therapeutic option for cancers connected to IL-6 signaling, such as pancreatic cancer.
Neutrophil Cathepsin G Regulates Dendritic Cell Production of IL-12 during Development of CD4 T Cell Responses to Antigens in the Skin
Authors: Kish Danielle D. , Min Susie , Dvorina Nina , Baldwin William M. , Stohlman Stephen A. , Fairchild Robert L. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Contact hypersensitivity (CHS) is a CD8 T cell–mediated response to hapten skin sensitization and challenge. Sensitization of wild-type (WT) mice induces hapten-reactive effector CD8 T cells producing IFN-γ and IL-17– and IL-4–producing CD4 T cells that cannot mediate CHS. Although CXCR2-dependent Ly6G+ (neutrophil) cell recruitment into hapten-challenged skin is required to direct effector CD8 T cell infiltration into the challenge site to elicit CHS, 2,4-dinitrofluorobenezene (DNFB) sensitization of CXCR2−/− mice and neutrophil-depleted WT mice induced both hapten-reactive CD4 and CD8 T cells producing IFN-γ and IL-17. CD4 T cell–mediated CHS responses were not generated during DNFB sensitization of neutrophil-depleted WT mice treated with anti–IL-12 mAb or neutrophil-depleted IL-12−/− mice. Neutrophil depletion during DNFB sensitization of WT mice markedly increased IL-12–producing hapten-primed dendritic cell numbers in the skin-draining lymph nodes. Sensitization of mice lacking the neutrophil serine protease cathepsin G (CG)–induced hapten-reactive CD4 and CD8 T cells producing IFN-γ and IL-17 with elevated and elongated CHS responses to DNFB challenge. Induction of CHS effector CD4 T cells producing IFN-γ in neutrophil-depleted WT mice was eliminated by s.c. injection of active, but not inactivated, CG during sensitization. Thus, hapten skin sensitization induces neutrophil release of CG that systemically inhibits hapten-presenting dendritic cell production of IL-12 and the development of hapten-reactive CD4 T cells to IFN-γ–producing CHS effector cells.
IL-22 Preserves Gut Epithelial Integrity and Promotes Disease Remission during Chronic Salmonella Infection
Authors: Lo Bernard C. , Shin Samuel B. , Canals Hernaez Diana , Refaeli Ido , Yu Hong B. , Goebeler Verena , Cait Alissa , Mohn William W. , Vallance Bruce A. , McNagny Kelly M. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
The cytokine IL-22 is rapidly induced at barrier surfaces where it regulates host-protective antimicrobial immunity and tissue repair but can also enhance disease severity in some chronic inflammatory settings. Using the chronic Salmonella gastroenteritis model, Ab-mediated neutralization of IL-22 impaired intestinal epithelial barrier integrity and, consequently, exaggerated expression of proinflammatory cytokines. As disease normally resolved, neutralization of IL-22 caused luminal narrowing of the cecum—a feature reminiscent of fibrotic strictures seen in Crohn disease patients. Corresponding to the exaggerated immunopathology caused by IL-22 suppression, Salmonella burdens in the gut were reduced. This enhanced inflammation and pathogen clearance was associated with alterations in gut microbiome composition, including the overgrowth of Bacteroides acidifaciens. Our findings thus indicate that IL-22 plays a protective role by limiting infection-induced gut immunopathology but can also lead to persistent pathogen colonization.
Practical Torso Cooling During Soccer-Specific Exercise in the Heat
Authors: Parris Kirstie , Tyler Christopher J. 
Published: January 2019

Context
Precooling and midevent cooling of the torso using cooling vests can improve exercise performance in the heat with or without physiological changes; however, the effects of such cooling during intermittent exercise in the heat are unknown.

Objective
To investigate the effects of torso cooling during intermittent exercise in the heat (35°C, 50% relative humdity) on sprint performance and the physiological and perceptual responses to the exercise.

Design
Crossover study.

Setting
Walk-in environmental chamber.

Patients or Other Participants
Ten non–heat-acclimated, male soccer players (age = 25 ± 2 years, height = 1.77 ± 0.06 m, mass = 72.9 ± 7.6 kg).

Intervention(s)
Two 90-minute bouts of soccer-specific intermittent running in the heat: 1 trial with a cooling vest worn during the exercise and 1 trial without a cooling vest. Each trial comprised two 45-minute periods separated by approximately 15 minutes of seated rest in cool conditions (approximately 23°C, 50% relative humdity).

Main Outcome Measure(s)
Peak sprint speed, rectal temperature (Tr), mean-weighted skin temperature (Tsk), heart rate (HR), rating of perceived exertion (RPE), and thermal sensation (TS) were measured every 5 minutes.

Results
Peak sprint performance was largely unaffected by the cooling vest. The Tr, Tsk, HR, RPE, and TS were unaffected in the cooling-vest trial during the first 45 minutes, but Tr rose at a slower rate in the cooling-vest trial (0.026°C.min–1 ± 0.008°C.min–1) than in the no-vest trial (0.032°C.min–1 ± 0.009°C.min–1). During the second 45-minute period, Tr, Tr rate of rise, Tsk, RPE, and TS were lower in the cooling-vest trial (Hedges g range, 0.55–0.84), but mean HR was unaffected.

Conclusions
Wearing a cooling vest during soccer-specific intermittent running in the heat reduced physiological and perceptual strain but did not increase peak sprint speed.
Controls on zooplankton methane production in the central Baltic Sea
Authors: Stawiarski Beate , Otto Stefan , Thiel Volker , Gräwe Ulf , Loick-Wilde Natalie , Wittenborn Anna K. , Schloemer Stefan , Wäge Janine , Rehder Gregor , Labrenz Matthias , Wasmund Norbert , Schmale Oliver 
Published: January 2019

Abstract. Several methanogenic
pathways in oxic surface waters were recently discovered, but their relevance
in the natural environment is still unknown. Our study examines distinct
methane (CH4) enrichments that repeatedly occur below the thermocline during the
summer months in the central Baltic Sea. In agreement with previous studies
in this region, we discovered differences in the methane distributions
between the western and eastern Gotland Basin, pointing to in situ methane
production below the thermocline in the latter (concentration of CH4 14.1±6.1 nM, δ13C CH4 −62.9 ‰). Through
the use of a high-resolution hydrographic model of the Baltic Sea, we showed
that methane below the thermocline can be transported by upwelling events
towards the sea surface, thus contributing to the methane flux at the
sea–air interface. To quantify zooplankton-associated methane production
rates, we developed a sea-going methane stripping-oxidation line to determine
methane release rates from copepods grazing on 14C-labelled
phytoplankton. We found that (1) methane production increased with the number
of copepods, (2) higher methane production rates were measured in incubations
with Temora longicornis (125±49 fmol methane copepod−1 d−1) than in incubations with
Acartia spp. (84±19 fmol CH4 copepod−1 d−1) dominated zooplankton
communities, and (3) methane was only produced on a Rhodomonas sp.
diet, and not on a cyanobacteria diet. Furthermore, copepod-specific methane
production rates increased with incubation time. The latter finding suggests
that methanogenic substrates for water-dwelling microbes are released by cell
disruption during feeding, defecation, or diffusion from fecal pellets. In
the field, particularly high methane concentrations coincided with stations
showing a high abundance of DMSP/DMSO-rich Dinophyceae. Lipid biomarkers extracted
from phytoplankton- and copepod-rich samples revealed that Dinophyceae are a
major food source of the T. longicornis dominated zooplankton
community, supporting the proposed link between copepod grazing, DMSP/DMSO
release, and the build-up of subthermocline methane enrichments in the
central Baltic Sea.
IZOTOPOVÝ ZÁZNAM PRVNÍCH SPODNÍCH MOLÁRŮ DOMÁCÍHO SKOTU Z RANĚ STŘEDOVĚKÝCH LOKALIT POHANSKO-JIŽNÍ PŘEDHRADÍ A KOSTICE-ZADNÍ HRÚD (ČESKÁ REPUBLIKA)
Authors: Ivanov Martin , Nohálová Hana , Nývltová Fišáková Miriam , Dresler Petr , Dreslerová Gabriela 
Published: January 2019

In this essay, we focused on the evaluation of isotope analyses (δ13Ccoll and δ15Ncoll) of the first lower molars (m1) of domestic cattle (Bostaurus) from two early medieval Pohansko-Southern bailey (Pohansko-JP) and Kostice-”Zadní hrúd” (Kostice-ZH) sites. The aim of the study is the evidence of the breast-feeding effect of calves and subsequent weaning on the dentine average isotope composition. Results from both sites are compared with the data obtained from recent experimental cattle breeding. Possible differences in the cattle breeding between both studied localities are evaluated. The first lower molars of the domestic cattle (n = 15) were selected for analyses from both sites supplemented by a sample of the compact bone of the shinbone of an adult individual from the Pohansko-JP site. The determination of the ontogenetic age of the analyzed individuals is based on the dentition development stage. For the purpose of isotope analyzes (δ13Ccoll and δ15Ncoll), dentine collagen was extracted from all tooth crowns. The δ13Ccoll dentine values of the m1 of cattle from the Pohansko-JP ranged from -17.75‰ to -21.8‰ (n = 11) with mean value of -19.81 ± 1.03‰. δ15Ncoll values for dentine of all m1 samples from Pohansko-JP range from 6.2‰ to 11.87‰ with mean value of 8.29 ± 1.71‰ (n = 11). The highest δ15Ncoll values were observed primarily in samples of juvenile individuals, with the exception of one adult specimen (10.90 ‰). δ13Ccoll values in m1 of adult individuals from the Kostice-ZH site range from -19.30‰ to -20.91‰ (n = 4). The mean value -19.83 ± 1.01‰ is lower if compared to results from recent experimental breedings. The volume of 15N isotope is significantly lower contrary to those in Pohansko-JP and aforementioned experimental study. It can be assumed that the diet of the cattle in both studied sites was primarily based on C3 plants; however, we cannot exclude a small admixture of C4 plants (millet) in the diet of some observed individuals. The cattle from the Pohansko-JP could be driven to graze from the open meadows up to the ecotones in the vicinity of the forest which is partly supported by the palaeobotanic record. In Kostice-ZH site, the grazing in open meadows was most prevalent. The volume of 15N from the Pohansko-JP site shows that in most cases, calves were not prematurely weaned. In samples from Kostice-ZH, the 15N content in adult individuals was significantly lower contrary to values from Pohansko-JP. A present stage of the knowledge indicates that the cattle (i. e., including mother cows) was probably fed plants characterized by low δ15N values; however, a premature weaning to increase the milk production cannot be excluded.
VRTBY ICHNORODU GASTROCHAENOLITES JAKOŽTO ŽIVOTNÍ PROSTOR MLŽŮ Z LOKALITY BORAČ-PODOLÍ (KARPATSKÁ PŘEDHLUBEŇ, ČESKÁ REPUBLIKA)
Authors: Šamánek Jaroslav , Mikuláš Radek , Doláková Nela , Hladilová Šářka 
Published: January 2019

In 2015 the locality Borač-Podolí was newly examined. The locality is situated 8 km NW from the town of Tišnov. A large amount of shallow-water fossils of middle Miocene (Badenian) age was collected. The state of preservation of the material enabled us bivalve borings of ichnogenus Gastrochaenolites which were bored into colonies of hermatype corals and other calcareous hard substrates. In some of these borings, bivalves were found in situ. The borings were determined as Gastrochaenolites isp., Gastrochaenolites orbicularis, Gastrochaenolites lapidicus, Gastrochaenolites dijugus and Gastrochaenolites torpedo. The in situ bivalves were determined as Gastrochaena cf. intermedia, Rocellaria cf. dubia, Hiatella arctica and Cardita calyculata. The first three species probably represent primary borers while Cardita calyculata is probably a secondary user (squatter). Based on an analysis of fossil material, we can assume that borings were created aft er the death of corals during the repeated transport of these bioclasts. It led to colonizing of the whole surface of coral bioclasts. The bioclasts were then moved to deeper water. Transport to water with clay sedimentation enabled the preservation of the bivalves in situ in borings.
PALEOPROSTŘEDÍ VE SPODNÍM BADENU NA SEVERNÍM OKRAJI BRNA (DIVIŠOVA ČTVRŤ)
Authors: Tomanová Petrová Pavla , Nehyba Slavomír , Diviš Karel , Hladilová Šárka , Gregorová Růžena , Vít Jan , Hudec Pavel 
Published: January 2019

Lower Badenian sediments were studied on the locality Hvozdíkova at the Diviš district, Brno. There were interpreted 4 lithofacies of Neogene (Lower Badenian) sediments (lithofacies M1, M2, Sl, and SGl). Occurrence of basal Lower Badenian clastics is connected with existence of coarse-grained delta (foreset). Overlying pelites document pelagic sedimentation of open sea. Garnet dominates in assemblage of heavy translucent minerals.Rich assemblages of foraminifers, molluscs, spines of echinoids, ostracods and shark fauna were discovered in sediments. Diversified assemblages are dominated by plankton specimens. Species Orbulina suturalis Brön., Praeorbulina glomerosa circularis (Blow) and Globigerinoides bisphericus Todd. indicate the Lower Badenian age.From the point of view of the shark fauna diversity the locality Hvozdíkova is unique; shark fauna is very rare in Lower Badenian clays, and the genera of Squaliolus and Paraetmopterus are identified for the first time. Oysters – especially species Neopycnodonte navicularis (Brocchi) – dominate in Lower Badenian sediments. Small gastropods (for example Cancellaria sp., ?Tornus sp., Rissoa sp., Alvania sp.) probably represent fossils reworked from shallow littoral area.
Actividades y estrategias de aprendizaje activo para clases teóricas en grupos numerosos
Authors: Pons Valladares Oriol , Franquesa Sànchez Jordi 
Published: January 2019

Gran parte de la docencia presencial universitaria sigue impartiéndose en clases
teóricas con grupos numerosos de alumnos. Este texto presenta un proyecto
docente específico para estas clases y su primera aplicación a la asignatura de
construcción de tercer curso de la Escuela de Arquitectura de Barcelona ETSAB.
En este caso había una problemática grave endémica con la participación y
aprendizaje de los alumnos. Para solucionarla, se han incorporado metodologías
activas que despierten la implicación del alumnado mejorando su aprendizaje. Esta
incorporación ha seguido un método innovador basado en la Taxonomía de Bloom.
El proyecto se ha implantado de forma progresiva, evaluando indicadores y
obteniendo resultados positivos como por ejemplo una mayor participación y
satisfacción de alumnos y profesores. También se han comparado las diferentes
metodologías aplicadas y se han definido posibles mejoras. Los autores trabajan en
una versión mejorada para próximos años y otras asignaturas.
Much of the face to face university teaching is still taught in lectures with large groups
of students. This text presents a teaching project specific for these classes and its
first application in the third year construction course in the School of Architecture of
Barcelona ETSAB. In this case there were serious endemic problems with students’
participation and learning process. In order to solve these problems, active
methodologies that awake students’ implication and improve their learning process
have been incorporated. This incorporation has followed an innovative method
based on Bloom Taxonomy. This project has been implemented progressively,
assessing indicators and obtaining positive results such as better students’ and
professors’ participation and satisfaction. Also the applied methodologies have been
compared and possible improvements have been defined. The authors work on an
improved version for future years and other subjects.
La biblioteca de materiales como recurso didáctico
Authors: Navarro Moreno David , Lanzón Torres Marcos , Tatano Valeria 
Published: January 2019

Los materiales de construcción han sido tradicionalmente explicados en las
escuelas de arquitectura atendiendo principalmente a sus propiedades físicas,
mecánicas y químicas, desarrollándose su enseñanza mediante clases teóricas en
el aula complementadas con clases prácticas en el laboratorio en las que se
ensayaban diversos materiales. Si bien, los materiales son importantes no sólo
desde el punto de vista técnico por su función como elementos para la construcción,
sino también por su papel como base del lenguaje arquitectónico, posibilitando a
través de ellos la transmisión de sensaciones –percepción visual, táctil, térmica,
acústica, olfativa–, esto es, la materialidad. Por tal motivo, dado que las citadas
sensaciones son percibidas por las personas a través de los sentidos, la materioteca
o biblioteca de materiales constituye un recurso didáctico especialmente útil al
posibilitar el contacto directo de los estudiantes con los principales materiales
disponibles en la actualidad.
Construction materials have traditionally been explained in architecture schools
attending to their physical, mechanical and chemical properties. In that sense their
teaching has been developed through theoretical lessons in classroom
complemented by practical lessons in laboratory in which various materials were
tested. But, materials are important not only from the technical point of view for their
function as elements for construction, but also for their role as the basis of
architectural language, enabling through them the transmission of sensations –
visual, tactile perception, thermal, acoustic, olfactory–, that is, materiality. For this
reason, since these sensations are perceived by people through the senses, the
materials library is a didactic resource especially useful to enable direct contact of
students with the main materials currently available.