bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Serum and Cervical Cytokine Levels throughout Pregnancy between Preterm and Term Births
Authors: Ashford Kristin , Chavan Niraj , Wiggins Amanda , Sayre Molly , McCubbin Andrea , Critchfield Agatha , O'Brien John 
Published: May 2018

Objective To assess differences in cytokine levels in cervicovaginal fluid (CVF) and serum across trimesters between women with preterm births (PTBs) and full-term births.
Study Design This multicenter study enrolled 302 women with a singleton gestation. CVF and serum cytokines, interleukin 1α (IL-1α), IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-8, were measured. Women with at least one cytokine assessment and noted PTB status in their medical record were retained in the study (N = 272). Data were analyzed using mixed modeling (main effects of PTBs and time/trimester).
Results For the CVF values of IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, TNF-α, and CRP, and serum MMP-8, those who delivered preterm had significantly higher values than the full-term group regardless of trimester. For the serum values of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α, those delivering preterm had significantly lower values than those delivering full-term regardless of trimester. For IL-1β in CVF, the cytokine was significantly higher in the PTB group for second and third trimesters only, relative to the full-term group.
Conclusion For each CVF cytokine that differed by birth status, values were higher for PTB than term, averaged over trimester. Numerous cytokine profiles varied across trimesters in women delivering term versus preterm in both CVF and serum.
Dependency parsing of learner English
Authors: Huang Yan , Murakami Akira , Alexopoulou Theodora , Korhonen Anna 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Current syntactic annotation of large-scale learner corpora mainly resorts to “standard parsers” trained on native language data. Understanding how these parsers perform on learner data is important for downstream research and application related to learner language. This study evaluates the performance of multiple standard probabilistic parsers on learner English. Our contributions are three-fold. Firstly, we demonstrate that the common practice of constructing a gold standard – by manually correcting the pre-annotation of a single parser – can introduce bias to parser evaluation. We propose an alternative annotation method which can control for the annotation bias. Secondly, we quantify the influence of learner errors on parsing errors, and identify the learner errors that impact on parsing most. Finally, we compare the performance of the parsers on learner English and native English. Our results have useful implications on how to select a standard parser for learner English.
The development of phrasal complexity in German intermediate learners of English
Authors: Kreyer Rolf , Schaub Steffen 
Published: May 2018

AbstractOn the basis of a longitudinal corpus of English produced by German intermediate learners, the present paper explores how noun phrase (NP) complexity develops in terms of global measures of complexity (length, number of modifiers per 1,000 words) in learner data on an intermediate level of competence and describes how the use of individual NP-modification structures changes as learners progress through their three final years of secondary school. An additional objective is to testBiber et al.’s (2011)hypothesized stages of acquisition against our data of intermediate learner English, complementing the data of advanced learner English provided byParkinson & Musgrave (2014). Our results show that global measures of NP complexity remain stable as learners progress from grades 10 to 12. Zooming in on individual learners and features, the results lend tentative support toBiber et al.’s (2011)stages of acquisition. However, individual variation influences the frequency of noun-phrasal modifiers.
Moving towards a bilingual baseline in second language phonetic
research
Authors: Sakai Mari 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
This investigation compared adult sequential bilinguals and native speakers (NSs)
with the intention of determining if bilinguals are an appropriate comparison
group for second language (L2) learners in L2 phonetic research. To that end, 16
Spanish-English bilinguals were compared to 20 NSs of English on their
perception and production of two English vowels. In perception, both groups had
a similar category boundary and acoustic cue weighting. In production, both
groups produced distinct vowels that were highly intelligible, although the
bilinguals produced the phonemes closer together in the vowel space and had more
variable performance than the NSs. The inspection of these two participant
groups reveals that bilinguals have the ability to perceive and produce a
difficult L2 phonemic contrast, with slight and inconsequential differences when
compared to NSs. Thus, I argue that bilinguals who have acquired a target
structure are an apt comparison group in L2 phonetic experiments.
Pronunciation’s role in English speaking-proficiency ratings
Authors: Ma Rui , Henrichsen Lynn E. , Cox Troy L. , Tanner Mark W. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Although pronunciation is an integral part of speaking, the role pronunciation plays in determining speaking-proficiency levels is unclear (Higgs & Clifford, 1982; Kang, 2013). To contribute to our understanding of this area, the research reported here investigated the relationship between English as a Second Language (ESL) learners’ pronunciation ability and their speaking-proficiency ratings. At an intensive English program (IEP) in the United States, a speaking test was administered to 223 ESL students. Their speaking proficiency was rated using an oral proficiency assessment based on standardized guidelines. In addition, their pronunciation was rated in six categories (vowels, consonants, word stress, sentence stress, intonation, and rhythm) by 11 raters using a rubric specifically developed and validated for this study. Many-Facet Rasch Measurement (MFRM) was used to estimate the students’ pronunciation ability, which was then compared to their speaking ability. The study found that sentence stress, rhythm, and intonation accounted for 41% of the variance in the speaking-proficiency test scores with sentence stress being the most powerful factor.
Strongly attenuating highly positive concepts
Authors: Giora Rachel , Jaffe Inbal , Becker Israela , Fein Ofer 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
What are the constraints rendering stimuli, such as Alert he is not; He is not the most organized person around; Hospitality is not his best attribute; Do you really believe you are sophisticated? sarcastic by default? Recent findings (Filik, Howman, Ralph-Nearman, & Giora, in press; Giora et al., 2005, 2013, 2015a, 2015b, in progress a) suggest that strongly attenuating a highly positive concept, e.g., alert, sophisticated, most organized, best attribute (associated here with hospitality), induces sarcastic interpretations by default. To be interpreted sarcastically by default, items should be construable as such in the absence of factors inviting sarcasm.1 They should, thus, be (i) novel, noncoded in the mental lexicon, (ii) potentially ambiguous between literal and nonliteral interpretations, so that a preference is allowed, and (iii) free of specific and biasing contextual information. Online and offline studies, collecting self-paced reading times, eye-tracking data during reading, sarcasm rating, and pleasure ratings, alongside corpus-based studies, further support this view.2
Temporal-magnitudinal construal coding
Authors: Deckert Mikołaj , Molenda Marek 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
This article looks into the interface of temporality and quantification. Drawing on the principles of Cognitive Linguistics, we use experimental as well as corpus methods to provide evidence on how the conceptual organisation and linguistic coding of content can play a role in meaning construction. With that broad agenda in mind, a major objective is to shed light on the construct of conventionalisation. For that purpose, construal coding variants are examined with a focus on nominal phrases that express time quantities. The examination involves two construal types (termed “cumulative” and “fractional”) that differ primarily in their prominence configurations, across three granularity levels of time conceptualisation. Our main finding – that the fractional and cumulative constructions are asymmetrically conventionalised – is contextualised through a qualitative analysis of naturally-occurring data to identify additional language use patterns and offer explanatory hypotheses.
Some advances in the study of the translation of manner of motion events
Authors: Molés-Cases Teresa 
Published: May 2018

AbstractManner of motion represents a translation problem, especially between languages that belong to different typological groups, since their users (in this case mainly authors and translators) address the semantic component of Manner in different ways. In order to give a full account of the translation of manner of motion events in a German>Spanish parallel corpus of children’s and young adult literature, this contribution describes an interdisciplinary study by resorting to the theory of ‘Thinking for Translating’ (Slobin, 1997,2000,2005) and to the hypothesis of translation universals (Baker, 1993;Mauranen & Kujamäki, 2004).It presents a proposal of seven translation techniques adapted to Manner of motion, as well as quantitative data regarding these techniques. Qualitative and quantitative data on the semantic subcomponents of Manner (speed, sound, motor pattern, etc.) are also included. The findings confirm that, in terms of Manner of motion, the translation is simpler than the original text and that motor pattern is the semantic subcomponent of Manner that has been affected by translation to the greatest extent.
Y luego se pintan patrás…
Authors: Beké Len 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe expanded use ofpatrásis among the most salient features of US Spanish and commonly attributed to English influence. ForLipski (1986), it constitutes a syntactic calque from English constructions withback;Otheguy (1999)maintains it shows cultural but not linguistic influence; Villa (2005,2010) ascribespatrásto grammaticalization processes internal to Spanish. Previous studies lack a detailed account of the semantics of the spatial adverbial in its historical and contemporary usage. ApplyingTalmy’s (1983)typology of motion events to corpus data, this paper traces a grammaticalization path forpatrásfrom its historical use to its contemporary use in Nuevomexicano Spanish.Patráshas shifted from primarily atelicbackwards motionmeanings to primarily telicreturnmeanings. This shift is evident across Germanic languages for adverbs deriving from the nounbackand in the Romance prefixre-from Latin adverbretro. This study proposes contact with English led to an increased frequency of satellite-framed constructions in Nuevomexicano Spanish, creating the frequency conditions for innovations in the form and meaning ofpara atrásto conventionalize and lead to systematic linguistic change.
NWJC2Vec
Authors: Asahara Masayuki 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
In this paper, we present a word embedding dataset NWJC2Vec constructed using ‘NINJAL Web Japanese Corpus (NWJC)’. NWJC is a Web-crawled text corpus that contains 25.8 billion tokens. We construct two types of the word embedding dataset: one is based on the surface form, and the other is based on the complete morpheme information provided by UniDic, which is a lexicon for the Japanese morphological analyser MeCab. We perform an evaluation of the dataset by comparing it with the ‘Word List by Semantic Principles (Bunrui Goihyo)’.
Recognition of irrelevant phrases in automatically extracted lists of domain terms
Authors: Mykowiecka Agnieszka , Marciniak Małgorzata , Rychlik Piotr 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
In our paper, we address the problem of recognition of irrelevant phrases in terminology lists obtained with an automatic term extraction tool. We focus on identification of multi-word phrases that are general terms or discourse expressions. We defined several methods based on comparison of domain corpora and a method based on contexts of phrases identified in a large corpus of general language. The methods were tested on Polish data. We used six domain corpora and one general corpus. Two test sets were prepared to evaluate the methods. The first one consisted of many presumably irrelevant phrases, as we selected phrases which occurred in at least three domain corpora. The second set mainly consisted of domain terms, as it was composed of the top-ranked phrases automatically extracted from the analyzed domain corpora.
The results show that the task is quite hard as the inter-annotator agreement is low. Several tested methods achieved similar overall results, although the phrase ordering varied between methods. The most successful method, with a precision of about 0.75 on half of the tested list, was the context based method using a modified contextual diversity coefficient.
Although the methods were tested on Polish, they seems to be language independent.
HYPHEN
Authors: Thompson Paul , Ananiadou Sophia 
Published: May 2018

AbstractNarrative clinical records and biomedical articles constitute rich sources of information aboutphenotypes, i.e., markers distinguishing individuals with specific medical conditions from the general population. Phenotypes help clinicians to provide personalised treatments. However, locating information about them within huge document repositories is difficult, since each phenotypic concept can be mentioned in many ways. Normalisation methods automaticallymapdivergent phrases to unique concepts in domain-specific terminologies, to allow location and linking of all mentions of a concept of interest. We have developed a hybrid normalisation method (HYPHEN) to handle concept mentions with wide ranging characteristics, across different text types. HYPHEN integrates various normalisation techniques that handlesurface-levelvariations (e.g., differences in word order, word forms or acronyms/abbreviations) andlexical-levelvariations (where terms have similarmeanings, but potentially unrelatedforms). HYPHEN achieves robust performance for both biomedical academic text and narrative clinical records, and has the ability to significantly outperform related methods.
Anthropology of kinship meets human rights rationality: limits of marriage and family life in the European Court of Human Rights
Authors: Hart Linda 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACT
The question of what kinds of constellations of personal relationships are recognised as family life by Member States of the Council of Europe has been under intense litigation in recent years in the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR). This article examines the ECtHR as an arena where different realms of knowledge come together and produce interpretations of human rights norms according to historically contingent and sometimes conflicting attempts to produce decisions that reflect ‘human rights rationality’. By analysing five judgments from the 2000s and 2010s, this article focuses on State-argued cultural understandings of limits of acceptable forms of marriage and family life. The cases concern marriage between former in-laws, sexual relations between genetically related siblings and understandings of maternity in contexts of egg donation and surrogacy. The judgments offer examples of legal arguments and extra-legal knowledge that have been applied by States and the ECtHR itself when arguing for, or against, giving particular understandings of family life legal protection in interpreting the European Convention on Human.
Function determinants of TET proteins: the arrangements of sequence motifs with specific codes
Authors: Liu Dongyang , Li Guangpeng , Zuo Yongchun 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe ten-eleven translocation (TET) proteins play a crucial role in promoting locus-specific reversal of DNA methylation, a type of chromatin modification. Considerable evidences have demonstrated that the sequence motifs with specific codes are important to determine the functions of domains and active sites. Here, we surveyed major studies and reviews regarding the multiple functions of the TET proteins and established the patterns of the motif arrangements that determine the functions of TET proteins. First, we summarized the functional sequence basis of TET proteins and identified the new functional motifs based on the phylogenetic relationship. Next, we described the sequence characteristics of the functional motifs in detail and provided an overview of the relationship between the sequence motifs and the functions of TET proteins, including known functions and potential functions. Finally, we highlighted that sequence motifs with diverse post-translational modifications perform unique functions, and different selection pressures lead to different arrangements of sequence motifs, resulting in different paralogs and isoforms.
Predicting Cancer Drug Response using a Recommender System
Authors: Suphavilai Chayaporn , Bertrand Denis , Nagarajan Niranjan 
Published: May 2018

AbstractMotivationAs we move toward an era of precision medicine, the ability to predict patient-specific drug responses in cancer based on molecular information such as gene expression data represents both an opportunity and a challenge. In particular, methods are needed that can accommodate the high-dimensionality of data to learn interpretable models capturing drug response mechanisms, as well as providing robust predictions across datasets.ResultsWe propose a method based on ideas from ‘recommender systems’ (CaDRReS) that predicts cancer drug responses for unseen cell-lines/patients based on learning projections for drugs and cell-lines into a latent ‘pharmacogenomic’ space. Comparisons with other proposed approaches for this problem based on large public datasets (CCLE and GDSC) show that CaDRReS provides consistently good models and robust predictions even across unseen patient-derived cell-line datasets. Analysis of the pharmacogenomic spaces inferred by CaDRReS also suggests that they can be used to understand drug mechanisms, identify cellular subtypes and further characterize drug-pathway associations.Availability and implementationSource code and datasets are available at https://github.com/CSB5/CaDRReS.Supplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
SV-plaudit: A cloud-based framework for manually curating thousands of structural variants
Authors: Belyeu Jonathan R , Nicholas Thomas J , Pedersen Brent S , Sasani Thomas A , Havrilla James M , Kravitz Stephanie N , Conway Megan E , Lohman Brian K , Quinlan Aaron R , Layer Ryan M 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
SV-plaudit is a framework for rapidly curating structural variant (SV) predictions. For each SV, we generate an image that visualizes the coverage and alignment signals from a set of samples. Images are uploaded to our cloud framework where users assess the quality of each image using a client-side web application. Reports can then be generated as a tab-delimited file or annotated Variant Call Format (VCF) file. As a proof of principle, nine researchers collaborated for 1 hour to evaluate 1,350 SVs each. We anticipate that SV-plaudit will become a standard step in variant calling pipelines and the crowd-sourced curation of other biological results.
Code available at https://github.com/jbelyeu/SV-plaudit
Demonstration video available at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ono8kHMKxDs
Reining in the QTc: reducing the risk of Torsades de Pointes across a major health system
Authors: Cheung Dora , Cumbler, Ethan , Hale, Gary , Pell Jonathan 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Hospitalized patients have a high prevalence of prolonged QTc and are a high-risk population for Torsades de Pointes (TdP). One modifiable risk factor for TdP is the use of QT prolonging drugs. Electronically alerting providers who are ordering QT prolonging drugs in at-risk patients may help to achieve safer prescribing practices. Our previous study decreased inappropriate prescription of IV haloperidol by 36% using a targeted “smart” electronic alert. We wanted to assess an approach to expanding this type of electronic alert to commonly used QT prolonging medications and evaluate how this would affect prescribing practice. This retrospective cohort study evaluated the impact of these alerts for 12 frequently prescribed high-risk medications across a major health system. Between October 2016 and June 2017, a total of 6453 alerts fired and resulted in 3020 (46.8%) orders being cancelled by the provider. Our focused electronic alert significantly decreased prescribing of QT prolonging medications in high-risk patients.
Using wearable technology to predict health outcomes: a literature review
Authors: Burnham Jason P , Lu Chenyang , Yaeger Lauren H , Bailey Thomas C , Kollef Marin H 
Published: May 2018

Abstract

Objective
To review and analyze the literature to determine whether wearable technologies can predict health outcomes.

Materials and methods
We queried Ovid Medline 1946 -, Embase 1947 -, Scopus 1823 -, the Cochrane Library, clinicaltrials.gov 1997 – April 17, 2018, and IEEE Xplore Digital Library and Engineering Village through April 18, 2018, for studies utilizing wearable technology in clinical outcome prediction. Studies were deemed relevant to the research question if they involved human subjects, used wearable technology that tracked a health-related parameter, and incorporated data from wearable technology into a predictive model of mortality, readmission, and/or emergency department (ED) visits.

Results
Eight unique studies were directly related to the research question, and all were of at least moderate quality. Six studies developed models for readmission and two for mortality. In each of the eight studies, data obtained from wearable technology were predictive of or significantly associated with the tracked outcome.

Discussion
Only eight unique studies incorporated wearable technology data into predictive models. The eight studies were of moderate quality or higher and thereby provide proof of concept for the use of wearable technology in developing models that predict clinical outcomes.

Conclusion
Wearable technology has significant potential to assist in predicting clinical outcomes, but needs further study. Well-designed clinical trials that incorporate data from wearable technology into clinical outcome prediction models are required to realize the opportunities of this advancing technology.