bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of the physicochemical characteristics, chemical and microbiological safety of two types of kilichi, a grilled meat produced in Niger
Authors: Boubacar Seydou Ramatou , Harouna AbdoulKader , Kpoclou Yénoukounmè Euloge , Douny Caroline , Brose François , Hamani Marichatou , Mahillon Jacques , Anihouvi Victor Bienvenu , Scippo Marie‐Louise , Hounhouigan Djidjoho Joseph 
Published: September 2019

AbstractProduction of kilichi, a grilled meat of West Africa, is a common method of meat preservation in Niger. Thirty samples of condiments‐coated kilichi and uncoated kilichi collected in Niger, were analyzed for microbiological contamination, as well as NaCl, protein and lipid contents, using standard methods. Contamination with Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) was also assessed using a HPLC–FLD technique. Highly significant differences (p < .001) were observed between coated kilichi and uncoated kilichi, for NaCl content (2.56% and 1.40%), for proteins (51% and 72%) and lipids (18% and 13%), respectively. Water activity was low in both kilichi, showing a potential microbial stability. Among the 15 European Union (EU) priority PAHs, 12 were detected in the samples. About 56.3% of coated kilichi samples exceeded the EU maximal limit for BaP, and 75% exceeded the EU maximal limit for the sum of 4 PAHs (PAH4). For uncoated kilichi, 28.6% of samples did not meet the standards for BaP and PAH4. About 6% of coated kilichi samples were not compliant with standards related to Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Clostridium perfringens, and 31%, 50% for yeasts and fungi, respectively. Escherichia coli and Enterobacteria were below the detection limit in both kilichi, but Salmonella and Bacillus cereus were detected only in one coated kilichi. The noncompliant samples of uncoated kilichi were in the proportions varying between 7% –86% for S. aureus, C. perfringens, yeasts, and fungi. This study showed potential risks associated with the consumption of traditionally produced kilichi in Niger due to both PAHs and pathogen bacteria contamination.
Effect of Pretreatment on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Nafion™ XL Composite Membrane
Authors: Lin Q. , Sun X. , Chen X. , Shi S. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAs an ion‐conductive polymer electrolyte, Nafion™ XL composite membrane is used to meet the requirement for cost reduction, performance and durability improvement in polymer electrolyte fuel cells. While significant durability is observed for Nafion™ XL membrane, the mechanisms of improved mechanical durability, especially the impact induced by pretreatment, is still left unexplored. In this paper, ex situ mechanical tests of pretreated membranes are carried out, including tensile, fracture and fatigue crack propagation tests, to unravel the complex interplay between strength, fracture toughness and cyclic hygrothermal stress that controls the mechanical durability. Pretreatment increases strain‐hardening modulus at the expense of reduced ductility, while the break stress is not affected. Results from in situ SEM tensile tests reveal that pretreatment increases the orientation resistance during tension, leading to increased stress responses. In addition, the fracture resistance and fatigue crack propagation resistance increase after pretreatment, which is ascribed to increased membrane stiffness and reinforcement fiber reorientation, respectively. From a microscopic point of view, fibers along the cross‐sectional reinforcement layer collapse, corresponding to fiber reorientation at a smaller size scale and accounting for the above increased resistance. The findings reported here will provide more insights into the mechanical durability of composite ion‐conductive membranes.
Multifocal perineural invasion is a better prognosticator than depth of invasion in oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Hasmat Shaheen , Ebrahimi Ardalan , Gao Kan , Low Tsu‐Hui (Hubert) , Palme Carsten , Gupta Ruta , Clark Jonathan 
Published: September 2019

AbstractObjectivesPrognostic significance of perineural invasion (PNI) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) characterized as unifocal and multifocal was compared to depth of invasion (DOI) and extranodal extension (ENE).Materials and MethodsUnivariable and multivariable analyses of 861 consecutive patients with OSCC undergoing treatment between 1995 and 2018 were performed, with local failure (LF) and disease‐specific mortality (DSS) as the primary endpoints.ResultsAfter adjusting for other adverse histopathological factors and adjuvant therapy, multifocal PNI was associated with a greater risk of LF (P = .01) and DSS (P = 0.02) compared to DOI. The effect of multifocal PNI was comparable to the effect of nodal metastases without ENE (P = 0.02). LF and DSS were not improved by the administration of adjuvant radiotherapy within unifocal or multifocal PNI groups.ConclusionMultifocal PNI is associated with a greater risk of death in OSCC than DOI. Its effect is comparable to that of nodal metastases (without ENE).
How job satisfaction can influence air traffic controllers' backup‐providing behavior in parallel runway operation
Authors: Kuang Ying , E Xiaotian , Li Yazhe , Zhang Jingyu 
Published: September 2019

AbstractTeam members can request and provide backup from one to other members, which can help teams with high workload achieve dynamic workload optimization at the group level. However, studies on this issue are limited, especially on real‐world high‐risk operations. This study explored how to approach air traffic controllers make backup decisions in the dependent parallel approach operation. In this study, we focused on how individual difference factors can influence the controller's backup willingness and decision. Forty licensed controllers performed 32 simulated scenarios varied in their own task load, the backup recipients' task load, and shorter taxing possibility. We also measured their job satisfaction and work experience. Multilevel regression analyses showed that controllers with a higher level of job satisfaction were more likely to provide help to their colleagues. Moreover, when their job satisfaction was high, they were less sensitive to the seemingly inappropriate request, but they only used their additional resources to help others. The findings were discussed in the literature of teamwork and aviation safety.
Whole‐body magnetic resonance imaging (WB‐MRI) in lymphoma: State of the art
Authors: Albano Domenico , Bruno Alberto , Patti Caterina , Micci Giuseppe , Midiri Massimo , Tarella Corrado , Galia Massimo 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe improvements in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technology and the concern related to the increased cancer risk in patients with lymphoma, also due to radiation exposure associated with imaging examinations, have led to the introduction of whole‐body MRI (WB‐MRI) as a radiation‐free alternative to standard imaging procedures. WB‐MRI seems a less histology‐dependent functional imaging test than 18F‐fluorodeoxyglucose‐positron emission tomography/CT (18F‐FDG‐PET/CT). In patients with FDG‐avid lymphomas, such as diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), 18F‐FDG‐PET/CT remains the imaging reference standard for staging, with WB‐MRI potentially being a complementary modality that could replace CT, especially in young patients. On the other hand, WB‐MRI is a valuable imaging procedure for lymphoma surveillance and in lymphomas with variable/low FDG avidity and nonfollicular indolent lymphomas. The aim of this paper is to discuss the current state of the art of WB‐MRI in lymphoma by evaluating its diagnostic performance in different lymphoma subtypes: Hodgkin, aggressive, and indolent lymphomas.
Recent snow cover changes over central European low mountain ranges
Authors: Dong Chunyu , Menzel Lucas 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIn this study, we simulated the snow water equivalent (SWE), rain‐on‐snow (ROS) events, evapotranspiration, and run‐off for the period 1961–2016 in a central European region covered by low mountain ranges (<820 m a.s.l.) using a distributed hydrological model TRAnspiration and INterception evaporation model (TRAIN). We utilized improved cloud‐free Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) snow cover products to evaluate the modelled snow‐covered area, indicating a good performance of the snow modelling. We analysed the intra‐ and inter‐annual variations of the simulated hydrological variables and the synchronous climate variables (air temperature and precipitation). Trend detection indicates a significant SWE decline throughout the snow season, but principally at the high elevations; the most severe warming occurred in early spring (March), whereas precipitation showed a slight increase in January and February. The snowpack in February has displayed the most striking reduction during the past 56 years, which is likely related to both the highest susceptibility of snow to warming and the increased ROS occurrence in February since the early 1990s. The increased combination of high temperatures and extreme rainfalls, as well as the earlier snowmelt, has resulted in a run‐off increase during the earlier winter but a decrease in March. The expected changing climate towards warmer and wetter winters will probably exacerbate winter flooding in the future.
Guiding principles for evaluating tertiary health care resources: The A2C2QUIRE framework
Authors: Phillips Jennifer A. , Hanrahan Conor T. , Brown Jamie N. , May Dianne , Britnell Sara R. , Ficzere Cathy H. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIntroductionDrug information, medical, and other resources, in the form of textbooks, online databases, and mobile applications (apps), are commonly consulted by health care professionals when providing answers to drug information questions or researching information prior to making recommendations for patient care. Thus, there is a need to train health care professionals on how to identify high‐quality resources to ensure patient safety and improve patient care. Given the variety of different resource types available in contemporary health care settings, a framework that can be universally applied to a variety of different resources is needed.ObjectiveThe primary objective of this paper is to introduce health care professionals to a unified framework for evaluating all types of tertiary health care resources that takes into account practical and contemporary considerations. The A2C2QUIRE framework centers around three main tenets: quality, functionality, and practical considerations, and specifically addresses the following components: Authorship and publisher, Accessibility, Currency of information, Cost and value of materials, Quality of content, Usability and resource design, Intent of the resource, Review process, and Endorsements.ConclusionThe foundational concepts reviewed in this paper provide health care professionals with a unified framework for assessing the quality of various types of resources, while also incorporating practical and contemporary considerations.
Fracture Risk in Trans Women and Trans Men Using Long-Term Gender-Affirming Hormonal Treatment: A Nationwide Cohort Study
Authors: Wiepjes Chantal M , de Blok Christel JM , Staphorsius Annemieke S , Nota Nienke M , Vlot Mariska C , de Jongh Renate T , den Heijer Martin 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT
Concerns about bone health in transgender people using gender-affirming hormonal treatment (HT) exist, but the fracture risk is not known. In this nationwide cohort study, we aimed to compare the fracture incidence in transgender people using long-term HT with an age-matched reference population. All adult transgender people who started HT before 2016 at our gender-identity clinic were included and were linked to a random population-based sample of 5 age-matched reference men and 5 age-matched reference women per person. Fracture incidence was determined using diagnoses from visits to hospital emergency rooms nationwide between 2013 and 2015. A total of 1089 trans women aged &lt;50 years (mean 38 ± 9 years) and 934 trans women aged ≥50 years (mean 60 ± 8 years) using HT for median 8 (interquartile range [IQR] 3–16) and 19 (IQR 11–29) years, respectively, were included. A total of 2.4% of the trans women aged &lt;50 years had a fracture, whereas 3.0% of the age-matched reference men (odds ratio [OR] = 0.78, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.51–1.19) and 1.6% of the age-matched reference women (OR = 1.49, 95% CI 0.96–2.32) experienced a fracture. In trans women aged ≥50 years, 4.4% experienced a fracture compared with 2.4% of the age-matched reference men (OR = 1.90, 95% CI 1.32–2.74) and 4.2% of the age-matched reference women (OR = 1.05, 95% CI 0.75–1.49). A total of 1036 trans men (40 ± 14 years) using HT for median 9 (IQR 2–22) years were included. Fractures occurred in 1.7% of the trans men, 3.0% of the age-matched reference men (OR = 0.57, 95% CI 0.35–0.94), and 2.2% of the age-matched reference women (OR = 0.79, 95% CI 0.48–1.30). In conclusion, fracture risk was higher in older trans women compared with age-matched reference men. In young trans women, fracture risk tended to be increased compared with age-matched reference women. Fracture risk was not increased in young trans men. © 2019 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
EZH2 Supports Osteoclast Differentiation and Bone Resorption Via Epigenetic and Cytoplasmic Targets
Authors: Adamik Juraj , Pulugulla Sree H , Zhang Peng , Sun Quanhong , Lontos Konstantinos , Macar David A , Auron Philip E , Galson Deborah L 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT
Key osteoclast (OCL) regulatory gene promoters in bone marrow–derived monocytes harbor bivalent histone modifications that combine activating Histone 3 lysine 4 tri-methyl (H3K4me3) and repressive H3K27me3 marks, which upon RANKL stimulation resolve into repressive or activating architecture. Enhancer of zeste homologue 2 (EZH2) is the histone methyltransferase component of the polycomb repressive complex 2, which catalyzes H3K27me3 modifications. Immunofluorescence microscopy reveals that EZH2 localization during murine osteoclastogenesis is dynamically regulated. Using EZH2 knockdown and small molecule EZH2 inhibitor GSK126, we show that EZH2 plays a critical epigenetic role in OCL precursors (OCLp) during the first 24 hours of RANKL activation. RANKL triggers EZH2 translocation into the nucleus where it represses OCL-negative regulators MafB, Irf8, and Arg1. Consistent with its cytoplasmic localization in OCLp, EZH2 methyltransferase activity is required during early RANKL signaling for phosphorylation of AKT, resulting in downstream activation of the mTOR complex, which is essential for induction of OCL differentiation. Inhibition of RANKL-induced pmTOR-pS6RP signaling by GSK126 altered the translation ratio of the C/EBPβ-LAP and C/EBPβ-LIP isoforms and reduced nuclear translocation of the inhibitory C/EBPβ-LIP, which is necessary for transcriptional repression of the OCL negative-regulatory transcription factor MafB. EZH2 in multinucleated OCL is primarily cytoplasmic and mature OCL cultured on bone segments in the presence of GSK126 exhibit defective cytoskeletal architecture and reduced resorptive activity. Here we present new evidence that EZH2 plays epigenetic and cytoplasmic roles during OCL differentiation by suppressing MafB transcription and regulating early phases of PI3K-AKT–mTOR-mediated RANKL signaling, respectively. Consistent with its cytoplasmic localization, EZH2 is required for cytoskeletal dynamics during resorption by mature OCL. Thus, EZH2 exhibits complex roles in supporting osteoclast differentiation and function. © 2019 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
High-Dose TGF-β1 Impairs Mesenchymal Stem Cell–Mediated Bone Regeneration via Bmp2 Inhibition
Authors: Xu Jiajia , Liu Jinlong , Gan Yaokai , Dai Kerong , Zhao Jingyu , Huang Mingjian , Huang Yan , Zhuang Yifu , Zhang Xiaoling 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT
Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) is a key factor in bone reconstruction. However, its pathophysiological role in non-union and bone repair remains unclear. Here we demonstrated that TGF-β1 was highly expressed in both C57BL/6 mice where new bone formation was impaired after autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMMSC) implantation in non-union patients. High doses of TGF-β1 inhibited BMMSC osteogenesis and attenuated bone regeneration in vivo. Furthermore, different TGF-β1 levels exhibited opposite effects on osteogenic differentiation and bone healing. Mechanistically, low TGF-β1 doses activated smad3, promoted their binding to bone morphogenetic protein 2 (Bmp2) promoter, and upregulated Bmp2 expression in BMMSCs. By contrast, Bmp2 transcription was inhibited by changing smad3 binding sites on its promoter at high TGF-β1 levels. In addition, high TGF-β1 doses increased tomoregulin-1 (Tmeff1) levels, resulting in the repression of Bmp2 and bone formation in mice. Treatment with the TGF-β1 inhibitor SB431542 significantly rescued BMMSC osteogenesis and accelerated bone regeneration. Our study suggests that high-dose TGF-β1 dampens BMMSC-mediated bone regeneration by activating canonical TGF-β/smad3 signaling and inhibiting Bmp2 via direct and indirect mechanisms. These data collectively show a previously unrecognized mechanism of TGF-β1 in bone repair, and TGF-β1 is an effective therapeutic target for treating bone regeneration disability. © 2019 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Construction of a circular RNA‐microRNA‐messengerRNA regulatory network in stomach adenocarcinoma
Authors: Liu Qincheng , Zhang Wei , Wu Zhenqian , Liu Haijun , Hu Huiqiong , Shi Huisen , Li Shaohua , Zhang Xueli 
Published: September 2019

AbstractObjectivesCircular RNAs (circRNAs) can interact with microRNAs (miRNAs) to regulate gene expression in cancer cells. However, the roles of competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks consisting of differentially expressed circRNAs (DECs), miRNAs, and messenger RNAs (mRNAs) in stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD) remain unclear. This study was performed to explore novel regulatory networks in STAD.MethodsThe circRNA expression profiles, as well as miRNA and mRNA sequence data of STAD, were retrieved from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), respectively. Candidates were identified to construct a network through a comprehensive bioinformatics strategy. The expression of hub‐genes identified by protein‐protein interactions (PPI) was validated by quantitative reverse transcription (RT) polymerase chain reaction.ResultsA total of 51 DECs were identified in the GSE83521 and GSE89143 datasets of GEO. A total of 11 448 differentially expressed mRNAs (DEMs) and 458 differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMIs) were obtained by RNA sequencing of TCGA‐STAD. Prediction by using five online databases (Cancer‐Specific CircRNA, CircInteractome, miRTarBase, miRDB, and TargetScan) resulted in the selection of 6 DECs, 6 DEMIs, and 36 DEMs to establish a circRNA‐miRNA‐mRNA regulatory network based on the interactions of circRNA‐miRNA and miRNA‐mRNA. Through PPI analysis, four hub‐genes (COL10A1, COL5A2, COL4A1, and COL3A1) were discovered. Moreover, overexpressions of COL10A1, COL5A1, and COL4A1 were associated with a poor overall survival rate of patients with STAD. On the basis of TNM staging, we found that the expressions of COL10A1, COL5A2, and COL3A1 in T2, T3, and T4 was significantly higher than in T1. Hub‐genes expressions were validated in STAD tissues and cell lines.ConclusionsOur study provides a novel perspective on the regulatory mechanism of STAD involving ceRNAs including DECs, DEMIs, and DEMs.
Janus kinase inhibitors role in bone remodeling
Authors: Maruotti Nicola , Corrado Addolorata , Rotondo Cinzia , Cantatore Francesco Paolo 
Published: September 2019

AbstractJanus kinases (JAKs) play a pleiotropic role in several important physiological processes, such as cell maturation, cell proliferation, and cell death, via providing transmission signals from several molecules, such as cytokines, interferons, hormones, and growth factors, to the nucleus. Bone physiology and remodeling are markedly influenced by proinflammatory cytokines. Among them, interleukin‐1 (IL‐1) and IL‐6 are considered potent stimulator of bone resorption. Several cytokine receptors, such as IL‐6 receptors, are characterized by tyrosine kinases of the JAK family associated with their intracellular domains. There is an emerging interest in the effects of JAKs inhibition on the cells involved in bone remodeling. JAK inhibitors represent a new class of molecules involved in the therapy of numerous immune‐mediated inflammatory diseases. In this review, we want to focus on the role of JAKs inhibitors on bone remodeling and on RANKL‐RANK‐OPG signal and inflammatory cytokines which are involved in the regulation of bone cells, such as osteoblasts and osteoclasts.
CARD14/CARMA2sh and TANK differentially regulate poly(I:C)–induced inflammatory reaction in keratinocytes
Authors: Voccola Serena , Polvere Immacolata , Madera Jessica R. , Paolucci Marina , Varricchio Ettore , Telesio Gianluca , Porcaro Piero , Vito Pasquale , Stilo Romania , Zotti Tiziana 
Published: September 2019

AbstractCARD14/CARMA2sh (CARMA2sh) is a scaffold protein whose mutations are associated with the onset of human genetic psoriasis and other inflammatory skin disorders. Here we show that the immunomodulatory adapter protein TRAF family member‐associated NF‐κB activator (TANK) forms a complex with CARMA2sh and MALT1 in a human keratinocytic cell line. We also show that CARMA2 and TANK are individually required to activate the nuclear factor κB (NF‐κB) response following exposure to polyinosinic‐polycytidylic (poly [I:C]), an agonist of toll‐like receptor 3. Finally, we present data indicating that TANK is essential for activation of the TBK1/IRF3 pathway following poly (I:C) stimulation, whereas CARMA2sh functions as a repressor of it. More important, we report that two CARMA2sh mutants associated with psoriasis bind less efficiently to TANK and are therefore less effective in suppressing the TBK1/IRF3 pathway. Overall, our data indicate that TANK and CARMA2sh regulate TLR3 signaling in human keratinocytes, which could play a role in the pathophysiology of psoriasis.
Estimating Private School Effects for School Children in Peru: Evidence from Individual‐level Panel Data
Authors: Eigbiremolen Godstime Osekhebhen , Ogbuabor Jonathan Emenike , Nwambe Chioma Sylvia 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThis paper presents the first value‐added model of private school effects in Peru, using the unique Young Lives longitudinal data. Raw differences in test scores show that children in private schools have higher test scores in both maths and Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test for the most part. Estimates from ordinary least squares regression also indicate the existence of private school premium in maths. However, when we controlled for prior achievement, we find no private school effects in learning. These results hold true for both low‐ability and high‐ability children and are robust to sorting on unobserved ability, grouping on lag structures and transfer between private and public schools. © 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.