bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of coronary artery disease and percutaneous coronary intervention in women undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement: From the WIN‐TAVI registry
Authors: Guedeney Paul , Tchétché Didier , Petronio Anna Sonia , Mehilli Julinda , Sartori Samantha , Lefèvre Thierry , Presbitero Patrizia , Capranzano Piera , Iadanza Alessandro , Sardella Gennaro , Van Mieghem Nicolas M. , Sorrentino Sabato , Claessen Bimmer E. P. M. , Chandrasekhar Jaya , Vogel Birgit , Kalkman Deborah N. , Meliga Emanuele , Dumonteil Nicolas , Fraccaro Chiara , Trabattoni Daniela , Mikhail Ghada , Ferrer‐Grazia Maria‐Cruz , Naber Christoph , Kievit Peter , Baber Usman , Sharma Samin , Morice Marie‐Claude , Chieffo Alaide , Mehran Roxana ,   on behalf of WIN TAVI Investigators
Published: December 2018

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate the impact of coronary artery disease (CAD) with or without recent (≤ 30 days) percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in women undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR).BackgroundAlthough women display a specific risk‐profile for both PCI and TAVR, the impact of CAD and PCI in the setting of TAVR in women is unclear.MethodsThe multinational Women's International Transcatheter Aortic Valve implantation registry enrolled consecutive female patients undergoing contemporary TAVR in 19 centers between 2013 and 2015. Patients with available coronary angiography or CT scan in the pre‐operative assessment of TAVR were categorized as without CAD, with CAD but no recent PCI and CAD and recent PCI (≤30 days). All events were adjudicated according to the VARC‐2 criteria.ResultsA total of 787 patients were included in this analysis, among whom 459 (58.3%) had no CAD, 247 (31.4%) had CAD without recent PCI and 81 (10.3%) underwent recent PCI (≤ 30 days before TAVR). After multivariable adjustment, both groups of CAD patients, without and with recent PCI, presented with higher risk of death, myocardial infarction or stroke, compared with patients without CAD (adjHR 1.56, 95%CI 1.03–2.39, P = 0.038 and adjHR 1.96, 95% CI 1.1–3.5, P = .021, respectively). Patients with recent PCI had increased risk of all‐cause death (adjHR 1.89, 95% CI 1.0–3.5, P = 0.04) and stroke (adjHR 3.7, 95% CI 1.0–13.5, P = 0.046) compared with patients without CAD.ConclusionThe presence of CAD in women undergoing TAVR, with or without recent PCI, was associated with long‐term poorer outcomes.
Role of Co2C in ZnO‐promoted Co Catalysts for Alcohol Synthesis from Syngas
Authors: Singh Joseph A. , Hoffman Adam S. , Schumann Julia , Boubnov Alexey , Asundi Arun S. , Nathan Sindhu S. , Nørskov Jens , Bare Simon R. , Bent Stacey F. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractControlling selectivity is a key goal in the design of a heterogeneous catalyst. Herein, we present detailed characterization and activity of silica‐supported cobalt catalysts modified by atomic layer deposition of ZnO. After reduction, the resulting catalysts exhibit substantial selectivity towards alcohol production during CO hydrogenation compared to catalysts containing only cobalt. The prepared catalysts have up to 46 % selectivity toward alcohols with 39 % of the alcohols corresponding to ethanol and other higher alcohols, albeit with reduced activity. In situ characterization of the catalyst by X‐ray diffraction and X‐ray absorption spectroscopy reveals details on the structural evolution in syngas, CO+H2, and shows that ZnO promotion of Co results in the formation of Co2C under catalytic conditions. A mechanism is proposed, supported by density functional theory calculations, which explains Co2C formation by the blocking of Co step sites by Zn species. The ZnO acts a dual promoter both by facilitating Co2C formation and by modifying the resulting Co2C. The Co2C formed from the ZnO‐promoted Co catalysts displays improved thermal stability and selectivity compared with similar Co2C catalysts without Zn.
Catalytic Activity of Ceramic Honeycombs in the Exhaust Gas Oxidation of a Waste Treatment Plant
Authors: Knoll Manuela , Schomäcker Reinhard , Bungert Bernd 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe activity of ceramic honeycombs with varying material composition and degree of utilization is compared on a suitable model gas in a test plant. The tested honeycombs are standard products that have not been surface‐treated in any way. A propane‐air mixture was fed to the test plant and then oxidized in a high‐temperature furnace. The analysis of the conversion rate over the reaction temperature showed remarkable differences in activity. The honeycomb with the most promising results was further investigated with the exhaust gas from the drying process of a waste treatment plant. Finally, the activity of this honeycomb was assessed in a large‐scale trial in an existing running regenerative thermal oxidizer.
Enhanced Li‐Ion‐Storage Performance of MoS2 through Multistage Structural Design
Authors: Wang Mei , Xu Yunhua H. , Lu Fei , Zhu Zhian , Dong Jinyang Y. , Fang Daliang L. , Zhou Jian , Yang Yijun J. , Zhong Yeteng T. , Chen Shimou M. , Bando Yoshio , Golberg Dmitri , Wang Xi 
Published: December 2018

AbstractInspired by a folded protein, multistage structural MoS2 is designed as an advanced anode material for lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs). Density functional theory (DFT) calculations are initially performed, demonstrating that the ideal primary structure (P−MoS2) has saw‐tooth‐like edges terminated by Mo atoms and the desired secondary structure (C−MoS2) may form via crumpling. For the latter, more exposed (002) planes exist within the wrinkled parts, creating more active sites and promoting isotropic Li+ insertion. Importantly, the rate capability and capacity of a MoS2 anode are enhanced after such a P−MoS2 to C−MoS2 transition: a superb specific capacity of 1490 mAh/g for C−MoS2 at 0.1 A/g (vs. 1083 mAh/g for P−MoS2), an excellent cycling stability (858 mAh/g after 450 cycles at 0.5 A/g), and an improved rate capability of 591 mAh/g at 1 A/g (vs. 465 mAh/g) are documented. The curving effects and mechanical properties of a single C−MoS2 particle are further visualized by in situ TEM. Drastically enlarged spacing changes upon Li‐insertion and high elasticity are confirmed, which lead to enhanced LIB performances and the excellent mechanical strength of C−MoS2. The present multistage design of a MoS2 structure should pave the way toward high‐energy MoS2 anode materials for future LIBs.
Chemoselectivity for Alkene Cleavage by Palladium‐Catalyzed Intramolecular Diazo Group Transfer from Azide to Alkene
Authors: Frost Grant B. , Mittelstaedt Michaela N. , Douglas Christopher J. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAlkenes can be cleaved by means of the (3+2) cycloaddition and subsequent cycloreversion of 1,3‐dipoles, classically ozone (O3), but the azide (R−N3) variant is rare. Chemoselectivity for these azide to alkene diazo group transfers (DGT) is typically disfavored, thus limiting their synthetic utility. Herein, this work discloses a palladium‐catalyzed intramolecular azide to alkene DGT, which grants chemoselectivity over competing aziridination. The data support a catalytic cycloreversion mechanism distinct from other known metal‐catalyzed azide/alkene reactions: nitrenoid/metalloradical and (3+2) cycloadditions. Kinetics experiments reveal an unusual mechanistic profile in which the catalyst is not operative during the rate‐controlling step, rather, it is active during the product‐determining step. Catalytic DGT was used to synthesize N‐heterocyclic quinazolinones, a medicinally relevant structural core. We also report on the competing aziridination and subsequent ring expansion to another N‐heterocyclic core structure of interest, benzodiazepinones.
Lemon battery again – a clarification
Authors: Rosenberg Dominique , Rautenstrauch Hanne , Pöhls Christin , Böttger Sebastian , Busker Maike , Fittschen Ursula , Jansen Walter 
Published: December 2018

AbstractÜber die elektrochemischen Vorgänge in der sogenannten Zitronenbatterie mit Zink‐ bzw. Eisenelektroden und Kupferelektroden wird seit Jahrzehnten diskutiert. In diesem Artikel wird durch Versuche aufgezeigt, dass bei einer Eisen‐Kupfer‐Zelle nur die Reduktion des Luftsauerstoffs möglich ist, während bei einer Zink‐Kupfer‐Zelle unter bestimmten Bedingungen auch eine Reduktion von Wasserstoff‐Ionen erfolgen kann. Auch dazu wird in diesem Artikel ein Versuchsaufbau der Zitronenbatterie in einer sauerstofffreien Atmosphäre vorgestellt. In weiteren Untersuchungen wird mit Hilfe der Totalreflektions‐Röntgenfluoreszenzanalyse ebenso die Korrosionsgeschwindigkeit der Sauerstoffkorrosion des Kupfers in der Zitronensäure ermittelt und diskutiert.
Color segmentation in multicolor images using node‐growing self‐organizing map
Authors: Ouyang Wenbin , Xu Bugao , Yuan Xiaohui 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThis article presents a clustering algorithm based on node‐growing self‐organizing map (NGSOM) to classify colors on color images automatically and accurately partition the regions of different colors for color measurement. Based on the CIEDE2000 criterion, pixels in a multicolor image are grouped into a number of visually distinguishable color regions in which pixel distribution information is provided as the input of the NGSOM network for further segmentation. As an unsupervised clustering algorithm, the NGSOM randomly selects two initial nodes from the input source without a predefined network structure and grows nodes according to color differences between the first best matching unit (FBMU) and the second best matching unit (SBMU) of the current input data. Unlike a traditional SOM, the NGSOM utilizes learning rates varying with the pixel distributions of major color regions. The node‐growing procedure is terminated when all the input data are examined. Compared with some commonly used color clustering algorithms, the proposed algorithm possesses a better peak signal‐to‐noise ratio (PSNR) and higher time efficiency. The NGSOM can be used for a wide range of applications, including fabric colorfastness assessment, painting conservation, and scenic identification in aerial images.
Enhancing the security and performance of nodes in Internet of Vehicles
Authors: Vijayarangam S. , Chandra Babu Gokulnath , Ananda Murugan S. , Kalpana N. , Malarvizhi Kumar Priyan 
Published: December 2018

SummaryInternet of Vehicles is recorded as an ever growing area for connected vehicles to exchange their information with other vehicles using vehicle‐to‐vehicle communication. Vehicle‐to‐vehicle communication is possible by forming vehicular ad hoc networks, with the help of roadside units using vehicle‐to‐roadside communications in the network. Internet of networks has many advantages such as road safety, traffic management, and sharing information on daily traffic and updating traffic information. For example, the Internet of Vehicles can be used to reduce traffic and deaths occurring due to road accidents, to reduce the fuel needed, and to reduce travel time. Interconnected vehicles rapidly learn about road conditions and traffic and respond to the driver; thus, necessary actions are taken. However, the attacker can modify the information in the connected vehicles and, thus, creates problem on the road. Data fascination is one of the main attacks on connected vehicles where connected vehicles take action based on information from the other vehicle. In this paper, first, a model has been proposed to detect the data fascination attack using the hashing technique to enhance the security in the interconnected vehicles by adjusting the size of the contention window to transfer original information to other interconnected vehicles at the correct time. Second, a model has been suggested to reduce the travel time in case of traffic congestion. The efficiency of the proposed model is checked using numerical methods obtained from the simulation results. From the obtained results, the proposed approach prevents data fascination attacks in interconnected vehicles and provides high throughput with lower delay.
Tetrakis(oxadiazolylphenyl)pyrazines: New St. Andrew′s Cross‐Shaped Liquid Crystals
Authors: Röder Nico , Marszalek Tomasz , Limbach Daniel , Pisula Wojciech , Detert Heiner 
Published: December 2018

Abstractπ‐Conjugated molecules with the shape of St. Andrew′s cross have been synthesized via fourfold Huisgen reaction. Four 2,5‐diaryl‐1,3,4‐oxadiazol arms are attached to a central pyrazine nucleus. These fluorescent stars, when decorated with a rim of eight alkoxy side chains are discotic liquid crystals. Depending on the substitution pattern, the width of the liquid phase varies within a broad range of 25 °C to 250 °C. In their liquid crystalline phase, the molecules assemble in a typical hexagonal columnar supramolecular arrangement.
Individual goal achievement in group psychotherapy: The roles of psychological mindedness and group process in interpretive and supportive therapy for complicated grief
Authors: Kealy David , Piper William E. , Ogrodniczuk John S. , Joyce Anthony S. , Weideman Rene 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe ability to infer psychological meaning in behaviour—referred to as psychological mindedness—has been posited as a patient characteristic that contributes to the therapy process and consequently to therapeutic success. The present study was developed to examine the relationship between patients' psychological mindedness and improvement in patients' personal treatment goals in interpretive and supportive group therapies for complicated grief, along with patients' importance to group process. The study was conducted with a clinical sample of 109 patients (79% female; average 45 years old) receiving treatment for complicated grief. Patients provided severity of distress ratings for individual target objectives at pretreatment and posttreatment. Psychological mindedness was assessed prior to treatment using the video‐based, interviewer‐rated Psychological Mindedness Assessment Procedure. Patients' importance to the therapy process was rated by therapists and other patients in interpretive and supportive group therapy for complicated grief. Conditional process modelling tested whether psychological mindedness would contribute to patients' goal achievement through patients' importance to group process, moderated by type of therapy. A significant, conditional indirect effect was observed for psychological mindedness as a predictor of improvement in individual target objectives, through patients' importance to group process as rated by therapists, specifically in interpretive therapy. The findings indicate that patients' psychological mindedness significantly contributes to their achievement of individual goals through their contributions to group process in interpretive group therapy. Further research is needed to understand the facilitation of individual goal achievement in supportive therapy.
Differences in means‐end exploration between infants at risk for autism and typically developing infants in the first 15 months of life
Authors: Srinivasan Sudha M. , Bhat Anjana N. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractOur study compared means‐end exploration in infants at risk (AR) for autism and typically developing (TD) infants using a nested box paradigm. Sixteen AR and 16 TD infants were observed at 9, 12, and 15 months with follow‐up at 18 and 24 months. We collected video data on three tasks involving retrieval of a small toy by opening (a) an opaque box, (b) a transparent box, and (c) two nested boxes. Dependent variables included hand bias, time to completion, bilateral hand use, problem‐solving strategies used, and tester assistance required. There were no group differences in terms of hand biases. Compared to TD infants, AR infants had lower bilateral hand use, poor problem solving skills, and required greater assistance. Both groups demonstrated age‐related improvements in motor and cognitive skills. Means‐end exploration provides a window into the bilateral coordination and motor planning/problem‐solving abilities of young infants at risk for autism. Lastly, object retrieval tasks could serve as important learning contexts for at‐risk infants.
Silk properties and overwinter survival in gregarious butterfly larvae
Authors: Duplouy Anne , Minard Guillaume , Lähteenaro Meri , Rytteri Susu , Saastamoinen Marjo 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAll organisms are challenged by encounters with parasites, which strongly select for efficient escape strategies in the host. The threat is especially high for gregarious species entering immobile periods, such as diapause. Larvae of the Glanville fritillary butterfly,Melitaea cinxia, spend the winter in diapause in groups of conspecifics each sheltered in a silk nest. Despite intensive monitoring of the population, we have little understanding of the ecological factors influencing larval survival over the winter in the field. We tested whether qualitative and quantitative properties of the silk nest contribute to larval survival over diapause. We used comparative proteomics, metabarcoding analyses, microscopic imaging, and in vitro experiments to compare protein composition of the silk, community composition of the silk‐associated microbiota, and silk density from both wild‐collected and laboratory‐reared families, which survived or died in the field. Although most traits assessed varied across families, only silk density was correlated with overwinter survival in the field. The silk nest spun by gregarious larvae before the winter acts as an efficient breathable physical shield that positively affects larval survival during diapause. Such benefit may explain how this costly trait is conserved across populations of this butterfly species and potentially across other silk‐spinning insect species.
Linking beaver dam affected flow dynamics to upstream passage of Arctic grayling
Authors: Cutting Kyle A. , Ferguson Jake M. , Anderson Michelle L. , Cook Kristen , Davis Stacy C. , Levine Rebekah 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBeaver reintroductions and beaver dam structures are an increasingly utilized ecological tool for rehabilitating degraded streams, yet beaver dams can potentially impact upstream fish migrations. We collected two years of data on Arctic grayling movement through a series of beaver dams in a low gradient mountain stream, utilizing radio‐telemetry techniques, to determine how hydrology, dam characteristics, and fish attributes impeded passage and movement rates of spawning grayling. We compared fish movement between a “normal” flow year and a “low” flow year, determined grayling passage probabilities over dams in relation to a suite of factors, and predicted daily movement rates in relation to the number of dams each fish passed and distance between dams during upstream migration to spawning areas. We found that the average passage probability over unbreached beaver dams was 88%, though we found that it fell below 50% at specific dams. Upstream passage of grayling was affected by three main characteristics: (a) temperature, (b) breach status, and (c) hydrologic linkages that connect sections of stream above and below the dam. Other variables influence passage, but to a lesser degree. Cumulative passage varied with distance upstream and total number of dams passed in low versus normal flow years, while movement rates upstream slowed as fish swam closer to dams. Our findings demonstrate that upstream passage of fish over beaver dams is strongly correlated with hydrologic conditions with moderate controls by dam‐ and fish‐level characteristics. Our results provide a framework that can be applied to reduce barrier effects when and where beaver dams pose a significant threat to the upstream migration of fish populations while maintaining the diverse ecological benefits of beaver activity when dams are not a threat to fish passage.
Environmental gradients in old‐growth Appalachian forest predict fine‐scale distribution, co‐occurrence, and density of woodland salamanders
Authors: Baecher J. Alex , Richter Stephen C. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Woodland salamanders are among the most abundant vertebrate animals in temperate deciduous forests of eastern North America. Because of their abundance, woodland salamanders are responsible for the transformation of nutrients and translocation of energy between highly disparate levels of trophic organization: detrital food webs and high‐order predators. However, the spatial extent of woodland salamanders’ role in the ecosystem is likely contingent upon the distribution of their biomass throughout the forest. We sought to determine if natural environmental gradients influence the fine‐scale distribution and density of Southern Ravine Salamanders (Plethodon richmondi) and Cumberland Plateau Salamanders (P. kentucki). We addressed this objective by constructing occupancy, co‐occurrence, and abundance models from temporally replicated surveys within an old‐growth forest in the Cumberland Plateau region of Kentucky. We found that Plethodon richmondi had a more restricted fine‐scale distribution than P. kentucki (mean occupancy probability [] = 0.737) and exhibited variable density, from <250 to >1000 individuals per hectare, associated with increased soil moisture and reduced solar exposure due to slope face. While more ubiquitously distributed ( = 0.95), P. kentucki density varied from <400 to >1,000 individuals per hectare and was inversely related to increased solar exposure from canopy disturbance and landscape convexity. Our data suggest co‐occurrence patterns of P. richmondi and P. kentucki are influenced primarily by abiotic conditions within the forest, and that populations likely occur independently and without evidence of biotic interaction. Given the critical role that woodland salamanders play in the maintenance of forest health, regions that support large populations of woodland salamanders, such as those highlighted in this study—mesic forest stands on north‐to‐east facing slopes with dense canopy and abundant natural cover, may provide enhanced ecosystem services and support the stability of the total forest.
Nanopore sequencing: An enrichment‐free alternative to mitochondrial DNA sequencing
Authors: Zascavage Roxanne R. , Thorson Kelcie , Planz John V. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractMitochondrial DNA sequence data are often utilized in disease studies, conservation genetics and forensic identification. The current approaches for sequencing the full mtGenome typically require several rounds of PCR enrichment during Sanger or MPS protocols followed by fairly tedious assembly and analysis. Here we describe an efficient approach to sequencing directly from genomic DNA samples without prior enrichment or extensive library preparation steps. A comparison is made between libraries sequenced directly from native DNA and the same samples sequenced from libraries generated with nine overlapping mtDNA amplicons on the Oxford Nanopore MinION™ device. The native and amplicon library preparation methods and alternative base calling strategies were assessed to establish error rates and identify trends of discordance between the two library preparation approaches. For the complete mtGenome, 16 569 nucleotides, an overall error rate of approximately 1.00% was observed. As expected with mtDNA, the majority of error was detected in homopolymeric regions. The use of a modified basecaller that corrects for ambiguous signal in homopolymeric stretches reduced the error rate for both library preparation methods to approximately 0.30%. Our study indicates that direct mtDNA sequencing from native DNA on the MinION™ device provides comparable results to those obtained from common mtDNA sequencing methods and is a reliable alternative to approaches using PCR‐enriched libraries.