bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PERANAN SARANA PELAYANAN KESEHATAN DALAM PEMBERIAN ASI EKSKLUSIF : STUDI PADA PEGAWAI NEGERI SIPIL DI KECAMATAN PATI
Authors: Ernawati Aeda 
Published: March 2019

ENGLISHRegulation of Pati Regency No. 54, 2012 includes the obligation for health facilities to support the increase of breastfeeding. The purpose of this study was to illustrate the role of health facilities to support breastfeeding among mothers who work as civil servant in Pati Regency. This research used qualitative approach. Subjects were chosen using snowball sampling. Data were analyzed descriptively. The results show that some informants failed to give exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months to their child. It caused they gave infant formulas to their baby during first six months. Not all health facilities have implemented 10 steps of exclusive breastfeeding, such as: (1) socialization of the exclusive breastfeeding necessity toward pregnant mothers; (2) Guidance for delivery mother to do first breastfeeding initiative; (3) Avoidance for feeding infant, except with breastfeeding; (4) Conducting rooming in. The efforts are needed to increase exclusive breastfeeding among civil servants in Pati Regency by providing support for health facilities to run 10 steps to succesful breastfeeding and preventing infant formula promotion. INDONESIAPerbup Pati No. 54 Tahun 2012 berisi antara lain kewajiban instansi pelayanan kesehatan dalam upaya peningkatan pemberian ASI. Tujuan penelitian untuk menggambarkan peranan dukungan sarana pelayanan kesehatanan dalam pemberian ASI eksklusif pada ibu yang bekerja sebagai PNS Pemerintah Kabupaten Pati. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Pemilihan subjek penelitian menggunakan teknik snowball sampling. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan belum semua informan berhasil memberikan ASI eksklusif pada anaknya. Penyebab kegagalan pemberian ASI eksklusif karena bayi diberi susu formula pada saat bayi baru lahir atau diberi susu formula sebelum usia 6 bulan. Belum semua sarana pelayanan kesehatan melaksanakan 10 langkah menyusui eksklusif. Diantara langkah yang belum dilakukan adalah: 1) Sosialisasi pentingnya ASI eksklusif kepada semua ibu hamil; 2) Membantu pelaksanaan inisiasi menyusui dini pada ibu yang melahirkan 3) Tidak memberikan makanan dan minuman apapun selain ASI pada bayi baru lahir; 4) Melakukan rawat gabung. Perlu upaya untuk meningkatkan pemberian ASI eksklusif di kalangan Pegawai Negeri Sipil Kabupaten Pati melalui peningkatan dukungan sarana pelayanan kesehatan dengan melaksanakan semua langkah dari 10 langkah menuju keberhasilan menyusui serta tidak mempromosikan susu formula baik secara langsung maupun tidak langsung.
Engelli Sporcularda Spor Yaralanmaları
Authors: YILMAZ Nihal , KÖSEHASANOĞULLARI Meryem , ALADAĞ Mustafa 
Published: March 2019

Engelliliğin çoğu formunun insanlarda sedanter yaşam
stiline sebep olmasına rağmen engelli bireyler için düzenli fiziksel
aktiviteden spor yapmaya kadar değişen fırsatlar mevcuttur. Geçtiğimiz yüzyılda
engelli bireylerde spor, medikal rehabilitasyon modelinden yarış sporları
modeline dönüşmüştür. Engelli sporcuların adil rekabetini sağlamak için
sporcuların hareketlerine dayanan fonksiyonel bir sınıflandırma sistemi
kullanılmaktadır. Sporcular rekabet için 1’ den 6’ya kadar engelli kategorisine
ayrılmıştır. Bu kategoriler tekerlekli sandalye atletleri, ampute atletler,
serebral palsili atletler, görme engelli atletler, mental bozukluğu olan
atletler ve diğerleri şeklindedir. Spora katılım beraberinde yaralanma riskinde
artışı da getirmektedir. Her kategoride
engelliliğin durumuna göre farklı spor yaralanmaları görülür. Spor
yaralanmalarını önlemede ilk basamak yaralanma sıklığının ve derecesinin
belirlemesi, ikinci basamak yaralanma risk faktörleri ve mekanizmalarının
belirlenmesi olarak belirtilmiştir. Literatürde mevcut çalışmalar yaralanma
tanımı konusunda eksiktir. Çalışmalar arasında popülasyon ve metodoloji
konularında önemli farklar vardır. Bazı çalışmalar spor ve yaralanma odaklı,
bazıları ise yaralanma odaklı çalışmalardır. Bu da yaralanma ve spora bağlı
risk faktörlerini ayırmakta zorlanmalara sebep olmaktadır. Bu sebeple bu konuda
metodolojik olarak iyi düzenlenmiş çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır.
Liquidity Trap: the Brazilian version
Authors: Ferrari Filho Fernando , Milan Marcelo 
Published: March 2019

<p>The goal of this paper is to provide an interpretation about the sky-high real interest rates in Brazil. We use Keynes’ argument regarding liquidity trap to identify the forces trapping interest rates, but in Brazil they are trapped at very high levels instead of at the zero-lower bound discussed in Keynes’s <em>General Theory</em>. Rentiers, in Brazil, influence the Brazilian Central Bank to obtain very liquid assets in the form of Financial Treasury Bills (LFTs) while keeping high interest earnings. In this case expansionary fiscal policies will have a limited impact on output, given the resulting high debt levels and debt service, but will imply significant income transfers to the rentiers. This means that aggregate demand and income will be less sensitive to fiscal stimuli, but the distribution of income will be biased toward the rentiers. </p><p> </p>
Ultra-luminous X-Ray Sources as Super-critical Propellers
Authors: Erkut M. Hakan , Ekşi K. Yavuz , Alpar M. Ali 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
We study the evolution of newborn neutron stars in high-mass X-ray binaries interacting with a wind-fed super-Eddington disk. The inner disk is regularized to a radiation-dominated quasi-spherical configuration for which we calculate the inner radius of the disk, the total luminosity of the system and the torque acting on the neutron star accordingly, following the evolution of the system through the ejector and early propeller stages. We find that the systems with B ≳ 1013 G pass through a short (∼20 yr) ejector stage appearing as supernova impostors followed by a propeller stage lasting ∼103 yr. In the super-critical propeller stage the system is still bright (L ∼ 1040 erg s−1) due to the spindown power and therefore appears as an ultra-luminous X-ray source (ULX). The system evolves into pulsating ULX (PULX) when the neutron star spins down to a period (P ∼ 1 s) allowing for accretion onto its surface to commence. Systems with lower magnetic fields, B ∼ 1011 G, pass through a long (105 yr) super-critical propeller stage with luminosities similar to those of the ultra-luminous super-soft sources (ULS), L ≲ 1040 erg s−1. The equilibrium periods of these systems in the accretion stage is about 10 ms, which is much smaller than the typical period range of PULX observed to date. Such systems could have a larger population, but their pulsations would be elusive due to the smaller size of the magnetosphere. Our results suggest that the ULS and some nonpulsating ULX are rapidly spinning and highly magnetized young neutron stars at the super-critical propeller stage.
A New Einstein Cross Gravitational Lens of a Lyman-break Galaxy
Authors: Bettoni Daniela , Falomo Renato , Scarpa Riccardo , Negrello Mattia , Omizzolo Alessando , Corradi Romano L. M. , Reverte Daniel , Vulcani Benedetta 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
We report the study of an “Einstein Cross” configuration first identified in a set of HST images by Cerny et al. Deep spectroscopic observations obtained at the Spanish 10.4 m Gran Telescopio Canarias telescope, allowed us to demonstrate the lens nature of the system, that consists of a Lyman-break galaxy (LBG), not a quasi-stellar object as is usually the case, at z = 3.03 lensed by a galaxy at z = 0.556. Combining the new spectroscopy with the archival HST data, it turns out that the lens is an elliptical galaxy with M

V
= −21.0, effective radius 2.8 kpc, and stellar velocity dispersion σ = 208 ± 39 km s−1. The source is an LBG with Lyα luminosity ∼L* at that redshift. From the modeling of the system, performed by assuming a singular isothermal ellipsoid (SIE) with external shear, we estimate that the flux source is magnified about 4.5 times, and the velocity dispersion of the lens is

km s−1, in good agreement with the value derived spectroscopically. This is the second case known of an Einstein cross of an LBG.
Inspiral of a Spinning Black Hole–Magnetized Neutron Star Binary: Increasing Charge and Electromagnetic Emission
Authors: Dai Z. G. 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
The mergers of black hole (BH)–neutron star (NS) binaries have been one of the most interesting topics in astrophysics, because such events have been thought to possibly produce multimessenger signals including gravitational waves and broadband electromagnetic (EM) waves. In this paper, we investigate EM emission from the inspiral of a binary composed of a spinning BH and a magnetized NS. Observationally, the BH is usually more massive than ∼7 M
⊙ and the NS has a mass ≃1.4 M
⊙. During the inspiral of such a binary, the BH will accumulate more and more charges based on the charging scenario of Wald, even though the BH will eventually swallow the NS whole inevitably. We calculate the emission luminosities and energies through three energy dissipation mechanisms: magnetic dipole radiation, electric dipole radiation, and magnetic reconnection. We show that magnetic dipole radiation due to the spin of the increasingly charged BH and magnetic reconnection in between the BH and the NS could be most significant at the final inspiral stage. We find that if the BH is rapidly spinning and the NS is strongly magnetized, these mechanisms would lead to a detectable EM signal (e.g., a short-duration X-ray transient).
Media education in the French Community of Belgium
Authors: Clarembeaux Michel 
Published: March 2019

This paper gives a brief account of the history of media education in the French Community of Belgium using as a starting point the political, media and educational contexts. Afterwards, it explains media education in the Internet and media society and the integration of the press in the field of learning. Finally, the paper describes the educational challenges of reality-television, cinema and advertising.
Partiendo del contexto político, escolar y mediático de la educación en los medios en la comunidad francesa de Bélgica, este texto hace un breve recorrido de la situación del país tanto anterior a 1995, como del organigrama que surge a partir de 1995 con la creación de un Consejo y tres Centros de Recursos. Posteriormente se conceptualiza la educación en los medios en el marco de la sociedad Internet y multimedia y la integración de la prensa escrita en la enseñanza. Se describe también la tele-realidad y sus retos pedagógicos, así como la educación en el cine y la educación crítica de la publicidad.
Media education in Luxembourg
Authors: Kickert Carole , Beck Nathalie 
Published: March 2019

This paper exposes the situation of media education in Luxembourg educational context beginning with the idea that media presence is still insufficient. The article includes an analysis of Education policy and media education proposals through training courses carried out especially by the National Programmes Council. Other proposals are likewise explained.
En este trabajo se plantea la situación de la educación en medios en el contexto nacional de Luxemburgo, constatándose la necesidad de ésta ante su escasa presencia en el sistema educativo. Se analiza el debate político en la cámara de los diputados y las acciones en materia de educación en medios que se están llevando a cabo, especialmente por el Consejo Nacional de Programas (CNP) mediante cursos de formación continua y otros proyectos. Asimismo se describen otras iniciativas y ejemplos sobre educación en medios actualmente en marcha.
Media education in Austria: competence, communication, autonomy
Authors: Krucsay Susanne 
Published: March 2019

This paper focuses on the presentation of the Laws for Media Education, which is the legal basis for the implementation of media education in Austria. The law is embedded into a pedagogical context, whose key characteristics are those of an emancipated, liberating concept of education indebted to ideas of the Enlightenment. Media education is used in a holistic sense, encompassing both the so-called traditional media as well as the new media including the Internet. The major areas are critical reflection and creative potential, individual and social responsibility. The ultimate goal is the autonomous media user as an autonomous citizen. As media education is an interdisciplinary practise, a wide choice of materials both in print and online has been developed to support the teachers: part of the paper is particularly devoted to the beginning and growth of the media education website www.mediamanual.at
La legislación para la educación en medios en Austria es el comienzo de este trabajo que encuadra la ley en un contexto pedagógico con características dominantes de conceptos como emancipación y enseñanza liberadora. La educación en medios se utiliza en un sentido holístico, abarcando tanto los medios tradicionales de comunicación como los nuevos medios, incluyendo Internet. Las claves principales que se plantean son la reflexión crítica y la responsabilidad creativa individual y social, así como el papel del usuario de los medios como ciudadano autónomo. Defiende la educación en medios como una práctica interdisciplinar y presenta un portal educativo, www.mediamanual.at, que ha sido experimentado como una opción de oferta amplia de materiales en línea para apoyar a los profesores en el desarrollo de su educación en medios.
Crossroads of Spanish Film History
Authors: Castro-de-Paz José-Luis 
Published: March 2019

The overall regrettable situation of Spanish cinema education in our universities, scattered throughout the most varied degrees, mistreated in the syllabuses and different programs, contrasts with a period of deep historiographical renovation. Several recent manuals and other serious works offer syntheses of a new intellectual path, one that approaches our cinema with methodological and analytical accuracy, leaving aside old prejudices regarding Spanish cinema and raising new interests in our students.
La, en general, lamentable situación de la enseñanza del cine español en la universidad, desperdigada por las más variadas titulaciones, maltratada en los planes de estudio, considerada una materia de segunda categoría… contrasta, sin embargo, con un periodo de profunda renovación historiográfica de frutos ya bien solventes, incluidos manuales universitarios que ofrecen diversas síntesis de un nuevo trayecto que, dejando al margen tópicos de todo tipo, se aproxima a nuestro cinema con rigor analítico y metodológico, despertando un creciente interés por parte del alumnado.
History and analysis of Spanish cinematographic humorousness
Authors: Montiel-Mues Alejandro 
Published: March 2019

Some research on film and/or history of cinema needs particular strategies. The study of the style in a film of the early years, for example, is totally different from the analysis of variants and invariants in Spanish cinematographic humour from a diacronic perspective. In this case, the analist must define specific tools, that is, he must formulate precise questions and focus the attention on some determined aspects of film.
Determinadas investigaciones sobre el film y/o la historia del cine exigen estrategias singulares, pues en modo alguno puede ser igual el acercamiento al estilo de un film de los pioneros, por ejemplo, que, como aquí se propone, un análisis de las variantes e invariantes del humorismo cinematográfico español desde una perspectiva diacrónica. En este caso es exigible del analista que afine unos instrumentos específicos, lo cual se traduce en la formulación de preguntas muy precisas y una focalización en algunos –y sólo algunos– aspectos concretos de la película.
Concept, instruments and challenges of media education for social change
Authors: Barranquero-Carretero Alejandro 
Published: March 2019

Despite its long tradition in other geographic contexts, the field of communication for social change is almost unknown in our country; therefore, there is a widespread ignorance of communication basics on the part of organizations and professionals committed to development. The following article offers a brief historical approach to this concept and describes its main methodologies, in order to help consolidate the discipline and to promote strategies for the future.
Pese a su extensa tradición en otros contextos geográficos, el campo de la edu-comunicación para el cambio social es prácticamente desconocido en nuestro país, por lo que sigue siendo infrautilizado por parte de organizaciones y profesionales comprometidos con el desarrollo. El artículo ofrece una aproximación histórica al concepto y describe sucintamente algunas de sus principales metodologías, a fin de avanzar en la consolidación de la disciplina y potenciar estrategias para el contexto venidero.
Strategies of telephone companies in Spain
Authors: Ramos-Serrano Marina , Jiménez-Marín Gloria 
Published: March 2019

Nowadays, mobile phones are an essential communication tool and even a personal symbol which often defines the personality of the young people of the 21th century. Thus, it is important to analyze the causes and consequences of its success, above all, among teenagers, who are the real driving force behind this technology. The present paper analyzes the main features of mobile phones marketing –product, price, distribution and communication– and also.
El teléfono móvil ha pasado de ser un artículo de lujo a una herramienta esencial de la comunicación. Más que un medio, es sinónimo de símbolo personal; y esta seña de identidad define, en muchos casos, la personalidad de los jóvenes del siglo XXI. Por este motivo es importante analizar las causas y consecuencias de su rápida aceptación social, especialmente entre estos adolescentes, que se han convertido en verdaderos impulsores de esta tecnología. Para ello, en el presente artículo se examinan las variables fundamentales en la comercialización de la telefonía móvil –producto, precio, distribución y comunicación– al mismo tiempo que se analizan las opiniones de los jóvenes universitarios frente a estas estrategias de venta de los operadores en España, fundamentalmente los tres mayoritarios: Vodafone, Movistar y Orange.
Content analysis about toy’s advertisment during Christmas campaign
Authors: Ferrer-López Marina 
Published: March 2019

Nowadays, advertising is a tool with great influence on children’s tastes and preferences. This study tries to analyze the characteristics of advertisements of toys during the Christmas campaign, when there is a saturation of this type of advertisements. Our results show that the ambiguity of the law that regulates this type of publicity still allows strong male and female stereotypes, and a discourse that creates an unreal image of the product.
En nuestros días, la publicidad se ha convertido en una herramienta de gran influencia en los gustos y preferencias de los niños. El presente estudio intenta analizar las características de los anuncios de juguetes en un periodo en el que se emiten masivamente como es la campaña de navidad. Los datos obtenidos revelan que la ambigüedad de la ley que regula este tipo de publicidad hace que se siga dando fuertes estereotipos femeninos y masculinos o discursos que permiten crear una imagen del producto mitificada e irreal.
Spanish spelling and electronic writing
Authors: Gómez-Camacho Alejandro 
Published: March 2019

Secondary students´spelling and punctuation mistakes are not affected by electronic writing. Competent Spanish speakers differentiate between disorthographic writing in chats and orthographic writing in other texts. Associating electronic writing with secondary students´ spelling mistakes is not correct. On the contrary, a high competence in electronic writing goes with a positive attitude towards orthographic writing in secondary education.Las faltas de ortografía y de puntuación de algunos estudiantes de secundaria no se ven agravadas por el uso de los géneros electrónicos de escritura. La escritura disortográfica de los chats se entiende por los hablantes competentes como un código independiente que no se utiliza en otros textos. Es contraproducente, por tanto, asociar los géneros electrónicos de escritura a la mala ortografía de los alumnos; por el contrario, una elevada competencia en la escritura electrónica lleva aparejada una actitud positiva hacia la escritura ortográfica en secundaria.
Pain After Epithelial Removal by Ethanol-assisted Mechanical Versus Transepithelial Excimer Laser Debridement
Authors: Kanitkar Kunal D , Camp Jeffrey , Humble Homer , Shen David J , Wang Ming X 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To compare subjective pain responses between two techniques of epithelial removal prior to photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) treatment: ethanol-soaked pledget with mechanical debridement of the epithelium versus excimer laser transepithelial ablation.
METHODS: Nine patients underwent bilateral PRK. Each had the epithelium in one eye debrided by placing a pledget soaked in 20% ethanol on the cornea for 2 minutes followed by gentle scraping with a blade. The epithelium in the other eye was removed by transepithelial phototherapeutic keratectomy (PTK) treatment. For each eye, PRK was initiated immediately after removal of the epithelium. On postoperative day one, each patient was asked to rate the level of pain suffered over the last 24 hours on a scale of 0 (minimal) to 10 (maximal). Data were analyzed in a masked fashion.
RESULTS: Postoperative day one average pain level in the ethanol-assisted mechanically debrided eyes was 3.0 ± 2.5 and in the transepithelial PTK eyes was 6.8 ± 1.8. The difference was statistically significant by Student's ¿-test (P < .01). All epithelial defects healed within 3 days with no clinically significant difference in healing time between the two techniques.
CONCLUSION: In preparation for PRK, ethanolassisted mechanical debridement of the epithelium caused significantly less postoperative pain than epithelial removal using the excimer laser. [J Refract Surg 2000;16:519-522]
Estudo Anatômico e Morfométrico dos Ramos Colaterais do Arco Aórtico em Coelhos da Espécie Oryctolagus cuniculus
Authors: Carvalho Luan Teles Ferreira de , Dos Santos Deivid Ramos , Calvo Faustino Chaves , Feijó Daniel Haber , Valente André Lopes , Teixeira Renan Kleber Costa , Pinheiro Mauricio Fortuna , Barros Rui Sergio Monteiro de 
Published: March 2019

O presente estudo tem como objetivo sistematizar e descrever os ramos do arco aórtico e suas principais ramificações em coelhos da raça Nova Zelândia, estabelecendo um modelo padrão e suas principais variações anatômicas. Foram usados 16 coelhos adultos (Oryctologus cuniculus) New Zeland, pesando 2-3 kg e com 10-12 meses. Os animais foram submetidos à associação de Cetamina (70 mg/kg) e Xilazina (10 mg/kg) por via subcutânea. Posteriormente, realizou-se a heparinização com 5000 UI por meio da artéria femoral. Foi aguardado 10 minutos e seguiu-se com a eutanásia do animal usando sobredose da associação anestésica. Após, seguiu-se com a abertura da cavidade torácica. A aorta dos coelhos iniciou a partir do ventrículo esquerdo com um diâmetro médio de 5,4 ±0,6mm em seu maior eixo. A aorta projetou-se dorso-crânio-lateralmente à esquerda, em todos os animais estudados, formando o arco aórtico. O tronco arterial braquiocefálico apresentou um diâmetro de 3,8 ±0,4mm em sua eminência. Foram identificados dois padrões de saída artéria carótida comum esquerda. O padrão mais frequente (75%) onde este vaso surge milímetros após a eminência do tronco e o modelo variante onde (25%) onde esta surge após 0,4-0,6mm da base do tronco. Este trabalho observou o padrão de origem da aorta no ventrículo esquerdo, tendo ascensão dorso-crânio-lateral esquerda e posterior deflexão. Observou-se uma grande variação anatômica nos ramos originados das artérias subclávias, não sendo possível uma padronização uniforme.