bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differential expression of circular RNAs in hepatic tissue in a model of liver fibrosis and functional analysis of their target genes
Authors: Zhou Yuping , Lv Xueyou , Qu Hui , Zhao Kekai , Fu Liyun , Zhu Linwen , Ye Guoliang , Guo Junming 
Published: October 2018

AimTo measure the expression profile of circular RNA (circRNA) in hepatic tissues in a liver fibrosis model and to explore their function using molecular biology and bioinformatic techniques.MethodsThe classic CCl4 mouse liver fibrosis model was established alongside a normal control group. The circRNA expression profile of hepatic tissue from the two groups was compared using a high‐throughput circRNA microarray. The differentially expressed circRNAs were identified, and real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR) was used to verify a subset of the differentially expressed circRNAs (target genes). At the same time, the mouse oxidative stress injury, macrophage inflammation, and hepatic stellate cell activation models were established, and the expression of target circRNA in the above cells was measured by RT‐qPCR. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) were used to predict the biological functions of target genes. Finally, one of the circRNAs was selected and its cellular function was verified using siRNA.ResultsA total of 10 389 circRNAs were analyzed by microarray. Compared with the normal group, there were 69 circRNAs that were differentially expressed in the liver fibrosis model group (>2‐fold differential expression, P < 0.05), of which 14 were upregulated and 55 were downregulated. Five circRNAs and their differential expression were verified by RT‐qPCR, and the findings were consistent with the microarray results. Of these, three circRNAs were differentially expressed (P < 0.05) in the JS1 model, one circRNA was differentially expressed (P < 0.05) in the AML12 model, and four circRNAs were differentially expressed (P < 0.05) in the RAW264.7 model. The GO analysis showed that the differentially expressed circRNAs might be involved in cell autophagy, composition of extracellular matrix components, synthesis and metabolism of retinoic acid, retinol dehydrogenase activity, ubiquitin‐like protein ligase activity, histone methylation, and other biological functions. The KEGG analysis showed that the target genes of the differentially expressed circRNAs might be involved in transforming growth factor‐β1/smads, Hippo, Rap1, vascular endothelial growth factor, and other signaling pathways. Lipofection experiments showed that the expression of α‐smooth muscle actin (α‐SMA) in JS1 cells increased significantly after the expression of mmu_circ_34116 was decreased.ConclusionThe circRNA expression profile in liver fibrosis tissue shows significant changes. Partially differentially expressed circRNA could be involved in hepatic fibrosis related to hepatic oxidative stress injury, macrophage inflammation, and stellate cell activation. For instance, mmu_circ_34116 can significantly inhibit the activation of hepatic stellate cells.
Current trends in patient and public involvement in cancer research: A systematic review
Authors: Pii Kathrine Hoffmann , Schou Lone Helle , Piil Karin , Jarden Mary 
Published: October 2018

AbstractBackgroundPatient and public involvement (PPI) in health research is on the rise worldwide. Within cancer research, PPI ensures that the rapid development of medical and technological opportunities for diagnostics, treatment and care corresponds with the needs and priorities of people affected by cancer. An overview of the experiences, outcomes and quality of recent PPI in cancer research would provide valuable information for future research.ObjectiveTo describe the current state of PPI in cancer research focusing on the research stages, applied methods, stated purposes and outcomes, and challenges and recommendations.MethodsA search was conducted on PubMed, CINAHL and PsycINFO for literature published from December 2006 to April 2017. Original research studies describing the involvement of cancer patients, stakeholders and carers as active partners at any stage of the research process were included.ResultsTwenty‐seven studies were included, the majority reporting PPI at the early stages of research, that is, during the definition and prioritization of research topics and the development of recruitment strategies. Few studies reported PPI at later stages and across the research process. Challenges and recommendations were only briefly described, and critical reflection on the PPI process was lacking.ConclusionPPI needs to be integrated more broadly in the cancer research process. The quality of reporting PPI should be strengthened through greater critical reflections including both positive and negative experiences of the PPI process. This will contribute to the further development of PPI and its potential in cancer research.
Audit partner busyness and cost of equity capital
Authors: Habib Ahsan , Bhuiyan Md. Borhan Uddin , Sun Xuan (Sean) 
Published: October 2018

This paper examines the effects of audit partner busyness on the cost of equity capital. We argue that audit partner busyness affects auditors' work processing accuracy negatively and reduces professional skepticism, thus resulting in higher information risk and, hence, an increased cost of equity capital. Using data from Australian listed companies, we find that the cost of equity capital is indeed higher for firms audited by busy audit partners. However, an additional test documents that this effect is primarily driven by non‐Big 4 observations. Our mediation test results indicate that this positive association is mediated through poor quality financial reporting but is driven by non‐Big 4 observations. Our results are robust to endogeneity concerns emanating from firms' deliberate decisions to choose audit partners. Our study contributes to both the auditing and to the cost of capital literature.
Coconut husk extract: antibacterial properties and its application for shelf‐life extension of Asian sea bass slices
Authors: Olatunde Oladipupo Odunayo , Benjakul Soottawat , Vongkamjan Kitiya 
Published: October 2018

SummaryAntibacterial properties of ethanolic coconut husk extracts (ECHE) prepared using varying ethanol concentrations as the extracting media against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Listeria monocytogenes and Staphylococcus aureus was studied. ECHE60, prepared using 60% ethanol, had similar minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration to those extracted using 80% and 100% ethanol (P ˂ 0.05). When Asian sea bass (Lates calcarifer) slices were treated with ECHE60 at 200 and 400 ppm, the quality changes were monitored in comparison with the control (without treatment) during 12 days of refrigerated storage (4 °C). The shelf life of sea bass treated with 400 ppm ECHE60 was extended to 9 days, whereas the control had a shelf life of 3 days. Lipid oxidation was lowered in ECHE60 treated samples than the control during storage. Therefore, ECHE60 could inhibit both spoilage and pathogenic bacteria and also extended the shelf life of sea bass slices.
Family‐centred care for hospitalized preterm infants: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Yu Xiaoyan , Zhang Jun 
Published: October 2018

AbstractAimTo evaluate the effects of family‐centred care on hospitalized preterm infants.BackgroundWith an increase in published reports on family‐centred care for preterm infants, there is a need for an up‐to‐date review and meta‐analysis of rigorously designed studies to measure the effects of family‐centred care on preterm infants.DesignA systematic review and meta‐analysis.Data sourcesThe Cochrane Library (Issue 12, 2017), PubMed (1966 to December 2017), CINAHL (1982 to December 2017), EMBASE (1974 to December 2017), and Web of Science (1975 to December 2017) databases were searched.Review methodsRelevant terms were used to search for randomized controlled trials of family‐centred care versus standard care. A modified rating scale was utilized to assess studies for the degree of family‐centredness of the intervention.ResultsFour studies involving 1026 preterm infants were included. Compared with standard care, family‐centred care shortened the total length of hospital stay and length of neonatal intensive care unit stay. There was inadequate evidence to demonstrate any effects of family‐centred care on infant morbidity, feeding, growth, or neurobehavioural performance.ConclusionFamily‐centred care is an effective and safe intervention to shorten the length of stay in the hospital and improve survival quality among hospitalized preterm infants.
Direct access colonoscopy service for bowel cancer screening produces a positive financial benefit for patients and local health districts
Authors: Clarke Louise , Pockney Peter , Gillies Donna , Foster Robert , Gani Jon 
Published: October 2018

AbstractBackgroundA direct access colonoscopy service (DACS) for the National Bowel Cancer Screening Program has become standard of care in Newcastle public hospitals because of the effect it has on time to colonoscopy. Cost‐effectiveness has not been studied to date.AimThe aim of this retrospective study was to analyse the cost‐effectiveness of a DACS.MethodsData were collected for patients referred to DACS between January 2014 and June 2016, and patients who were treated on the normal service pathway in 2013 prior to the introduction of the process. A cost‐benefit analysis from the patient’s and local health district’s perspective was undertaken.ResultsIntroduction of the DACS produces a direct financial gain to patients in the form of reduced direct costs. It produces an indirect financial gain in terms of increased productivity if the patient is in work, and of increased leisure time if not in work.The DACS is modest income generating for the local health district, an evaluation which is sensitive to internal policies for distribution of government funding within a district. The DACS increases the availability of outpatient consultations to other patients, which is not a quantifiable economic benefit, but is likely to be an overall health benefit.ConclusionThe introduction of DACS in the public system in Australia is of financial benefit to patients and to the local health service provider. It is likely to produce health benefits to non‐screening patients, by means of freeing consultations to be used for other indications.
Introduction: Frontline delivery of welfare‐to‐work in different European contexts
Authors: van Berkel Rik , Larsen Flemming , Caswell Dorte 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThis themed issue contributes to European research on the role of front‐line work in the implementation of welfare‐to‐work policies. A number of factors underline the relevance of such study. First, the focus on activating and disciplining the unemployed seen in many countries may on the surface look similar. However, a closer look at these policies and how they unfold in different contexts reveals many and interesting differences. While all contain a certain level of disciplining and coercive elements, they also to a varying degree contain elements that focus on the upgrading of skills, building human capital and providing other types of support in promoting labour‐market participation. In turn, these policies contain both people processing and people changing technologies that are used for different aspects of policy delivery. In addition, policy developments have gradually expanded the client group of these policies, including more hard‐to‐place unemployed, thus making the client group more heterogeneous. Finally, we have seen a strong political belief in the positive effects of using punitive sanctions. Research supports this belief when it comes to clients with high employability and limited problems besides unemployment, but the knowledge‐base is rather shaky when it comes to the hard‐to‐place clients with substantial problems. Using punitive sanctions or other disciplining or coercive measures in frontline work has caused controversy and resistance. In order to qualify our understanding of welfare‐to‐work policies, we need to take a step closer to where these policies are translated into reality for the target group.
Tumour cell‐intrinsic CTLA4 regulates PD‐L1 expression in non‐small cell lung cancer
Authors: Zhang Huijun , Dutta Pranabananda , Liu Jinguo , Sabri Nafiseh , Song Yuanlin , Li Willis X. , Li Jinghong 
Published: October 2018

AbstractCytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA4) and programmed cell death protein 1 (PD‐1) are immune checkpoint proteins expressed in T cells. Although CTLA4 expression was found in multiple tumours including non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tissues and cells, its function in tumour cells is unknown. Recently, PD‐1 was found to be expressed in melanoma cells and to promote tumorigenesis. We found that CTLA4 was expressed in a subset of NSCLC cell lines and in a subgroup of cancer cells within the lung cancer tissues. We further found that in NSCLC cells, anti‐CTLA4 antibody can induce PD‐L1 expression, which is mediated by CTLA4 and the EGFR pathway involving phosphorylation of MEK and ERK. In CTLA4 knockout cells, EGFR knockout cells or in the presence of an EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor, anti‐CTLA4 antibody was not able to induce PD‐L1 expression in NSCLC cells. Moreover, anti‐CTLA4 antibody promoted NSCLC cell proliferation in vitro and tumour growth in vivo in the absence of adaptive immunity. These results suggest that tumour cell‐intrinsic CTLA4 can regulate PD‐L1 expression and cell proliferation, and that anti‐CTLA4 antibody, by binding to the tumour cell‐intrinsic CTLA4, may result in the activation of the EGFR pathway in cancer cells.
IL‐17A contributes to HSV1 infection‐induced acute lung injury in a mouse model of pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Chen Tao , Qiu Hui , Zhao Meng‐Meng , Chen Shan‐Shan , Wu Qin , Zhou Nian‐Yu , Lu Li‐Qin , Song Jia‐Cui , Tang Dan‐Li , Weng Dong , Li Hui‐Ping 
Published: October 2018

AbstractBackgroundPatients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) often experience acute exacerbation (AE) after an episode of common cold.AimsTo establish a mouse model of virus infection‐induced AE‐IPF and investigate the mechanism underlying the AE‐IPF.MethodsHerpes simplex virus 1 (HSV1) was inoculated intranasally to wild‐type (WT) and IL‐17A gene knockout (IL‐17A‐/‐) mice 21 days after intratracheal administration of bleomycin (BLM).ResultsHSV1 infection caused acute exacerbation in mice with BLM‐induced fibrosis. Compared with the BLM+Saline mice, the mice with BLM+HSV1 showed significantly higher acute lung injury (ALI) score (P < 0.0001), lower survival rate (100% vs 21.4%, P < 0.0001), poorer lung function and higher inflammatory response representing by increased total inflammatory cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) (P = 0.0323), increased proportion of Th17 cells in peripheral blood (P = 0.0004) and higher inflammatory factors in BALF. In addition, HSV1 infection increased the expression of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS)‐related proteins in mice with BLM‐induced fibrosis. The inhibition of ERS by tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA, an ERS inhibitor) significantly reduced the IL‐17A levels in BALF (P = 0.0140) and TH17 cells in the peripheral blood (P = 0.0084) of mice with BLM+HSV1, suggesting that suppression of ERS may reduce TH17 response in mice with AE‐IPF. Compared with WT mice with BLM+HSV1, IL‐17A‐/‐ mice with BLM+HSV1 had lower ALI score (P = 0.0119), higher survival rate (78.6% vs 21.4%, P = 0.004), improved lung function, and milder inflammatory response.ConclusionsHSV1 infection in addition to BLM‐induced IPF can successfully establish AE‐IPF in mice. IL‐17A and ERS promote lung inflammation in AE‐IPF development.
Effect of temperature and storage time on dental bleaching effectiveness
Authors: Chisini Luiz Alexandre , Conde Marcus Cristian Muniz , Meireles Sônia Saeger , Dantas Raquel Venâncio Fernandes , Sarmento Hugo Ramalho , Della Bona Álvaro , Corrêa Marcos Britto , Demarco Flávio Fernando 
Published: October 2018

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of storage time and temperature on the effectiveness of bleaching agents.MethodsEnamel slabs were randomly allocated according to the concentration of carbamide peroxide (CP): 10% (CP10) and 16% (CP16). Shade evaluations were conducted at baseline and then after 3 and 12 months of storage at 3 different temperatures: 10°C (±2°C), 25°C (±2°C), and 35°C (±2°C). Objective color evaluation was performed (spectrophotometer CIEL*a*b* system and CIEDE2000) to calculate the color change (ΔE00). Subjective evaluation was performed using the VITA classical shade guide followed by shade variation (ΔS).ResultsThe bleaching effect of different CP concentrations (10% and 16%) at baseline showed no differences with regard to objective (ΔE00) and subjective parameters (ΔS) (P > .05). No differences were observed between CP concentrations stored for the same length of time and at the same temperature for either parameter (P > .05). In terms of objective measurement (ΔE00), a reduction in the bleaching effect was shown for both CP concentrations (10% and 16%) when stored for 12 months at 35°C, and compared with the baseline (P < .05). As regards the subjective parameters (ΔS), after 12 months, both CP concentrations (10% and 16%) stored at 35°C showed a decrease in bleaching capacity compared to baseline (P < .05). CP10 and CP16 stored at 10°C and 25°C did not suffer any loss in bleaching ability, even after 12 months (P > .05).ConclusionsThe storage of bleaching agents for long periods at high temperatures can reduce the bleaching effectiveness of CP at 10% and 16%.Clinical SignificanceClinicians must be made aware that they should store their bleaching products under proper temperature conditions and use them within an appropriate time frame; otherwise, the bleaching effect could be lost.
Inactivation of membrane‐bound and soluble polyphenol oxidases in apple (Malus domestica Borkh) by radio frequency processing for improved juice quality
Authors: Tian Yixiong , Yan Wenxu , Tang Yali , Yang Ruijin , Zhao Wei 
Published: October 2018

AbstractRadio frequency (RF) processing was proposed to inactivate polyphenol oxidase (PPO) in apple tissue for improved juice quality. PPO in apple tissue exists as membrane‐bound PPO (mPPO) and soluble PPO (sPPO); mPPO is bound in chloroplast membranes and separated from phenolic substrates, preventing catalytic reaction, whereas sPPO is soluble in lumen. When cells break down, mPPO is released and comes in contact with phenolic substrates, contributing to browning and discoloration in juice. Research indicates that after RF treatment, inactivation of mPPO and sPPO in apple tissue was easier to achieve than extracted PPO. In addition, mPPO exhibited a lower thermal stability than that of sPPO. Treatment with RF for 10 min in apple tissue could effectively inactivate PPO and maintain a higher quality of squeezed apple juice than that of freshly squeezed juice treated by conventional thermal methods (65 °C for 10 min and 75 °C for 10 min).Practical applicationsIn fruit and vegetable processing industry, enzymatic browning is a difficult issue that leads to the deterioration of product quality. RF treatment can inactivate PPO rapidly in food and agricultural products to inhibit browning without heat conduction and overheated food surfaces, keeping high quality of the products. Results in this study could provide references for the application of RF technology on fruit and vegetable processing industry to inactivate endogenous enzyme.
Screening of lactic acid bacteria isolated from fermented Cornus officinalis fruits for probiotic potential
Authors: Tang Huiqin , Qian Bingjun , Xia Bei , Zhuan Yi , Yao Yunqiu , Gan Renyou , Zhang Jianhua 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe objective of this study was to screen probiotic lactic acid bacteria (LAB) with beneficial properties such as acid and bile salt tolerance, antibacterial activity, autoaggregation ability, and cholesterol‐lowering capacity from fermented Cornus officinalis fruits. Eleven probiotic LAB strains, identified as ten Lactobacillus plantarum and one Lactobacillus casei, were screened out and evaluated by in vitro tests. The results of principal component analysis (PCA) based on probiotic characteristics suggested that L. plantarum 2519, 3725, and 3735 were promising probiotic candidates, which were better than the probiotic reference strain, Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG. Among them, L. plantarum 2519 showed the hightest autoaggregation value of 94.62%, and L. plantarum 3725 showed a cholesterol assimilation percentage of 47.83% and remarkable antimicrobial activity against five foodborne pathogens with the cell number decrease from 3.68 to 4.60 log cfu/mL. These results indicate that these three LAB strains are good candidates as probiotic starters.Practical applicationsCornus officinalis is known as a kind of medicinal plant with fruits having many pharmacological activities, such as improving liver and kidney function, potent hpyerglycemic and antioxidant effect. C. officinalis is rich in endophytes, and its pharmacological activities may be associated with the metabolic products of endophytic bacteria. Therefore, the exploitation of microbial resources in spontaneous fermented C. officinalis fruits is beneficial to select probiotics. Moreover, the fruits from a natural reserve should be an excellent resource, attributing to the low impact of antimicrobial contamination may guarantee non or low intensity of antibiotic activity of their endophytic bacteria.
Same‐session endoscopic ultrasound‐guided fine needle aspiration and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography‐based tissue sampling in suspected malignant biliary obstruction: A multicenter experience
Authors: Jo Jung Hyun , Cho Chang Min , Jun Jae Hyuck , Chung Moon Jae , Kim Tae Hyeon , Seo Dong Wan , Kim Jaihwan , Park Do Hyun ,   Research Group for Endoscopic Ultrasonography in KSGE
Published: October 2018

AbstractBackground and AimFew studies compared endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)‐guided fine needle aspiration (EUS‐FNA) with endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)‐based tissue sampling in terms of diagnostic accuracy in suspected malignant biliary obstruction. We evaluated and compared the diagnostic performance of EUS‐FNA and ERCP‐based tissue sampling.MethodsThis multicenter study included 263 patients with suspected malignant biliary obstruction who underwent same‐session EUS and ERCP between 2012 and 2016.ResultsMalignancies were confirmed in 239 patients (90.9%) and benign in 24 patients (9.1%). Overall diagnostic sensitivity and accuracy were 73.6% and 76.1% for EUS‐FNA, 56.5% and 60.5% for ERCP, and 85.8% and 87.1% for EUS/ERCP combination. EUS‐FNA showed higher overall performances compared with ERCP (P < 0.001), whereas EUS/ERCP combination was superior to EUS‐FNA alone (P‐value < 0.001). EUS‐FNA showed higher sensitivity and accuracy compared with ERCP for pancreatic masses (n = 187, both P‐values < 0.001) but not for biliary lesions (n = 76, both P‐values = 0.847). Sensitivity and accuracy of EUS/ERCP combination were superior to those of EUS‐FNA for both pancreatic and biliary lesions (both P‐values < 0.001). For patients with large mass (≥ 4 cm), there was no significant differences between ERCP/EUS combination and EUS‐FNA (P‐value = 0.31).ConclusionsSame‐session EUS‐FNA and ERCP combination was superior to EUS‐FNA for both pancreatic masses and biliary lesions. Same‐session EUS/ERCP combination can be considered a proper diagnostic method for suspected malignant biliary obstruction regardless of the origin of lesions. On the other hand, EUS‐FNA alone was sufficient for diagnosis compared with EUS/ERCP combination in cases with large mass. Strategic diagnostic approach, according to clinical features of individual patient, is required.