bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Die Versorgungslandschaft in der Psychoonkologie
Authors: Hornemann B. , Bruns G. , Petermann-Meyer A. , Singer S. 
Published: February 2018

Zusammenfassung
Gegenstand und Ziel: Ziel dieser Arbeit ist die Darstellung der aktuellen Versorgungsstrukturen für Krebs-Patienten mit psychosozialen Belastungen.
Methoden: Literaturrecherche für die Versorgungssektoren (stationär, ambulant, sektorenübergreifend) und Einholung von Expertenwissen
Ergebnisse: Psychoonkologische Versorgung steht in allen Versorgungsbereichen für die Patienten, ihre Angehörigen und Hinterbliebenen zur Verfügung, jedoch nicht immer flächendeckend. Vor allem im ambulanten Bereich und im ländlichen Raum gibt es noch erhebliche Versorgungslücken. Die Arbeit der Krebsberatungsstellen ist durch mangelnde Regelfinanzierung nicht sichergestellt. Im stationären Bereich können Leistungen zwar dokumentiert werden, sind jedoch auch nicht erlösrelevant, sodass die Versorgung nur über das freiwillige Zertifizierungssystem gesichert ist. Eine wichtige Hürde zur Inanspruchnahme besteht darin, dass Patienten nicht über die vorhandenen Angebote informiert sind. Sie wünschen sich häufig, dass ihr Arzt ihnen empfiehlt, dass sie Unterstützung in Anspruch nehmen sollten und ihnen sagt, wohin sie sich wenden können.
Schlussfolgerungen: Die Versorgungssituation könnte noch weiter verbessert warden durch die Sicherstellung der Finanzierung und durch bessere Informierung der Patienten. Ärzte können ihren Patienten helfen, indem sie konkrete Empfehlungen zur Inanspruchnahme von psychoonkologischen Angeboten aussprechen.
Langzeitbewährung neuer Chairside gefräster CAD/CAM-Hybridkeramiken – eine In-vitro-Studie im Kausimulator
Authors: Zierden Karina , Acar Johann , Rehmann Peter , Wöstmann Bernd 
Published: February 2018

ZusammenfassungZiel dieser In-vitro-Studie war es, das Abrasions- und Bruchverhalten von Chairside gefrästen Hybridkeramiken nach der künstlichen Alterung im Kausimulator zu untersuchen und mögliche Vor- und Nachteile gegenüber konventionellen Keramiken aufzuzeigen. Es kann gesagt werden, dass Materialien, die eine hohe Eigenabrasion (Lava Ultimate) aufwiesen, eine entsprechend geringere Abrasion am Antagonisten zeigten. Dies spielt bei Patienten die unter Parafunktion leiden, wie z. B. Bruxismus, eine wichtige Rolle bei der Auswahl des entsprechenden Restaurationsmaterials.
Naturheilkundliche Allergietherapie mit Spenglersan® Kolloiden – Relikt oder moderne Therapieoption?
Authors: Gruber Nicola 
Published: February 2018

ZusammenfassungAllergische Erkrankungen nehmen in den Industrieländern stark zu. Als ursächlich gelten neben genetischer Disposition vor allem Umwelteinflüsse. Eine Schlüsselrolle spielen Erreger, diese können sowohl auslösendes als auch protektives Agens sein. Das Keimspektrum, mit dem sich das Immunsystem des Menschen heute auseinandersetzt, hat sich radikal verändert. Statt mit Seuchen wie Diphtherie oder Tuberkulose und einer Vielzahl ubiquitärer Keime kämpft es heute mit Schimmelpilz, Hausstaubmilben und jeder Menge Fremdstoffen. Die Veränderung der immunologischen Auseinandersetzung hat sichtbare und messbare Auswirkungen. Eine ganzheitliche Immuntherapie sollte deshalb die Bedeutung von Erregern für den Organismus berücksichtigen. Denn diese sind maßgeblich für die Entwicklung und den Erhalt eines gesunden Immunsystems verantwortlich.
Praktikabilität und Leistungsfähigkeit von E-Health-Anwendungen bei der Erhebung von Patient Reported Outcomes: Forschungsstand und -bedarf
Authors: Graf Joachim , Moreno Beatrice , Wallwiener Markus , Menzel Karina , Brucker Sara , Simoes Elisabeth 
Published: February 2018

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Studie E-Health-basierte Technologien spielen auch bei der Erhebung von Patient Reported Outcomes (ePRO) eine zunehmende Rolle. Unklar bleibt jedoch, wie praktikabel und leistungsfähig E-Health-Anwendungen bei der Erhebung von PRO sind. Untersucht werden sollte daher, inwiefern die Voraussetzungen für den Einsatz von technikbasierten PRO-Instrumenten bereits erforscht sind, um einen breiten Einsatz in der „E-Health Welt“ zu erlauben. Konkret soll festgehalten werden, welcher Forschungstand zur Praktikabilität und Leistungsfähigkeit sowie zur technischen Umsetzung besteht. Weiterhin soll untersucht werden, wie sich die grundlegenden rechtliche Vorgaben zur Durchführung von PRO-Befragungen gestalten, und inwiefern die Herausforderungen von ePRO hier bereits Einklang gefunden haben.
Methodik Literaturstudie: Selektive Literaturrecherche in Pubmed sowie in den Datenbanken von DIMDI, G-BA, FDA und EMA.
Ergebnisse Der Forschungsstand zu Hürden, Akzeptanz und Nutzenbereitschaft in Abhängigkeit von soziodemografischen Faktoren, Gesundheitsstatus und Technikskills ist gering, ebenso zur technischen Umsetzung. Die Vorgaben für ePRO seitens der Normengeber beschränken sich nur auf die Zusammensetzung des Erhebungsinstruments und methodische Gütekriterien. Die Voraussetzungen für einen breiten Einsatz von ePRO zwecks Ausrichtens therapeutischer Maßnahmen sind bisher nicht gegeben.
Schlussfolgerung Die Vorgaben des Normengebers müssen spezifiziert und auf die Bedürfnisse von ePRO angepasst werden. Da die Gestaltung der Tool-Oberfläche und der Grad der Usability Einfluss auf das Antwortverhalten der Patienten nehmen können, sollten im Rahmen der Implementierung insbesondere die Reliabilität und die Validität von ePRO-Erhebungen in Relation zu das Antwortverhalten determinierenden Patienten-, Krankheits-, Fragebogen- und ePRO-spezifischen Variablen fokussiert und rechtlich fixiert werden, um die Aussagekraft von PRO-Erhebungen nicht zu gefährden.
Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor (Trapoxin A) Enhances Stemness Properties in Adipose Tissue Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Authors: Mousazadeh Leila , Alizadeh Effat , Zarghami Nosratollah , Hashemzadeh Shahryar , Aval Sedigheh , Hasanifard Leili , Herizchi Roya 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Back ground Adipose tissue derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) have unique potential for regenerative cell therapies. However, during ex-vivo cultivation, they undergo considerable quality loss regarding their phenotypic properties, stemness genes expression and differentiation potential. Recent studies reported that the loss of stemness properties of MSCs is a result of chromatin histone deacetylations through in-vitro cultivation. The present work aimed to study the effect of Trapoxin A (TPX) as a histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi) on overall stemness properties of ASCs.
Methods First, the effects of TPX treatments on ASCs viability and proliferation were evaluated using MTT assay. Second, the desired doses of TPX supporting ASCs proliferation were determined and the lack of their negative effects was confirmed by DAPI staining. In addition, the influence of TPX on cell cycle of ASCs and the mRNA levels of stemness genes were measured by flowcytometry and qPCR, respectively. Finally, the effect of TPX treatment on osteogenic potential of ASCs was studied.
Results The results indicated that short time TPX treatment (nM concentrations) caused stimulation of proliferation and considerable percentage of ASCs entered to S-phase of cell cycle (p<0.05). Moreover, the findings demonstrated significant up-regulation of stemness markers genes (Oct-4, Sox-2, Nanog, TERT, Klf-4, Rex-1) (p<0.05) and enhanced osteogenic differentiation potential of ASC after TPX treatment.
Conclusion The addition of low dose of TPX to the expansion medium could possibly enhance the stemness properties and prevent the quality decline of ex-vivo cultured ASCs.
Lamellipodium is a myosin-independent mechanosensor
Authors: Oakes Patrick W. , Bidone Tamara C. , Beckham Yvonne , Skeeters Austin V. , Ramirez-San Juan Guillermina R. , Winter Stephen P. , Voth Gregory A. , Gardel Margaret L. 
Published: February 2018

Significance
Cell physiology can be regulated by the mechanics of the extracellular environment. Here, we demonstrate that cell spreading is a mechanosensitive process regulated by weak forces generated at the cell periphery and independent of motor activity. We show that stiffness sensing depends on the kinetics of the initial adhesion bonds that are subjected to forces driven by protein polymerization. This work demonstrates how the binding kinetics of adhesion molecules are sensitively tuned to a range of forces that enable mechanosensation.
Monitoring ligand-dependent assembly of receptor ternary complexes in live cells by BRETFect
Authors: Cotnoir-White David , El Ezzy Mohamed , Boulay Pierre-Luc , Rozendaal Marieke , Bouvier Michel , Gagnon Etienne , Mader Sylvie 
Published: February 2018

Significance
Many biological processes, including signal transduction pathways and gene expression regulation, require the assembly of multisubunit protein complexes in a temporally coordinated fashion. However, approaches to studying the dynamics and properties of multimeric complex assembly currently remain limited. We have developed a method to monitor assembly of trimeric complexes in live cells, using a specific combination of bioluminescence- and fluorescence-based energy transfer. We illustrate the potential of this technology to reveal ligand-activated assembly of ternary protein complexes involving nuclear receptors or G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and their effectors or regulators. We show that this methodology uniquely enables the functional characterization of nuclear receptor heterodimers and the demonstration of corecruitment of effector proteins to a GPCR.
The Impact of Perceived Injustice on Pain-related Outcomes
Authors: Carriere Junie S. , Sturgeon John A. , Yakobov Esther , Kao Ming-Chih , Mackey Sean C. , Darnall Beth D. 
Published: February 2018

Objective:
Perceived injustice (PI) has been identified as an important risk factor for pain-related outcomes. To date, research has shown that pain acceptance and anger are mediators of the association between PI and pain-related outcomes. However, a combined conceptual model that addresses the interrelationships between these variables is currently lacking. Therefore, the current study aimed to examine the potential mediating roles of pain acceptance and anger on the association between PI and adverse pain-related outcomes (physical function, pain intensity, opioid use status).

Materials and Method:
This cross-sectional study used a sample of 354 patients with chronic pain being treated at a tertiary pain treatment center. Participants completed measures of PI, pain acceptance, anger, physical function, pain intensity, and opioid use status. Mediation analyses were used to examine the impact of pain acceptance and anger on the association between PI and pain-related outcomes.

Results:
Examination of the specific indirect effects revealed that pain acceptance fully mediated the relationship between PI and physical function, as well as the relationship between PI and opioid use status. Pain acceptance emerged as a partial mediator of the relationship between PI and pain intensity.

Discussion:
This is the first study to provide a combined conceptual model investigating the mediating roles of pain acceptance and anger on the relationship between PI and pain outcomes. On the basis of our findings, low levels of pain acceptance associated with PI may help explain the association between PI and adverse pain outcomes. Clinical and theoretical implications are discussed.
Updates in fetal spina bifida repair
Authors: Blumenfeld Yair J. , Belfort Michael A. 
Published: February 2018

Purpose of review
To examine updates in fetal spina bifida surgical repair, as well as promising results emerging from translational medicine.

Recent findings
Although the Management of Myelomeningocele Study sponsored by the National Institutes of Health helped establish the neonatal benefits of prenatal spina bifida repair via uterine hysterotomy, also known as ‘open’ fetal surgery, fetoscopic approaches may yield better maternal and obstetric outcomes.

Summary
Spina bifida is a severe congenital malformation associated with significant neonatal and childhood morbidity and mortality. Although ‘open’ fetal spina bifida repair has become the standard prenatal surgical approach due to proven neonatal benefit, this approach is associated with significant maternal and obstetric risks. Recent developments from multidisciplinary clinical and translational research have highlighted the potential for novel fetoscopic surgical approaches to decrease maternal morbidity and reduce obstetric risks. Moreover, novel stem cell therapies coupled with in-utero medical approaches targeting the pathophysiological pathways associated with spina bifida are likely to make additional significant impact.
Clinical Application of Foci Contralateral Facial Artery Myomucosal Flap for Tongue Defect Repair
Authors: Pan Mengxiong , Ma Tao , Mao Junwu , Qin Xiaorong , Li Bo 
Published: February 2018

Summary:
This study aims to investigate the clinical efficacy of foci contralateral facial artery myomucosal flap (FAMF) in repairing the defect of tongue after tumor resection. There were 10 cases who received the operation to repair tongue tissue defects caused by tumor resection from January 2010 to January 2016. FAMF flap size ranged from 2.5 × 3 cm to 5 × 5 cm. All flaps survived after surgery, and no local necrosis occurred. For the donor and receptor sites of 10 cases, 8 cases got wounds healed at stage I, wound dehiscence of donor site occurred in 2 cases, and the dehisced wounds were healed after local cleaning. All 10 patients were followed up for 13 months to 5 years, with an average of 2 years and 4 months. No obvious deformity appeared on face after surgery, and there was no mouth floor leakage. After surgery, 3 cases had clinical manifestations of facial nerve marginal mandibular branch injury and returned to normal in 3 months. All patients had a limitation for mouth opening after surgery, 9 cases returned to normal after 1 year, and 1 case still had a mild limitation for mouth opening. There was no impact on patients’ eating, swallowing, language, or other functions. The foci contralateral FAMF surgery is simple and brings ideal plastic effect, high survival rate of flap, less donor site lesion, simple postoperative care, no breaking after surgery, and no impact on radical cure of tumor, which is suitable for repairing defect of tongue.
Using 6-Min Walk Distance Expressed as a Percentage of Reference to Evaluate the Effect of Pulmonary Rehabilitation in Elderly Patients With Interstitial Lung Disease
Authors: Igarashi Ai , Iwanami Yuji , Sugino Keishi , Gocho Kyoko , Homma Sakae , Ebihara Satoru 
Published: February 2018

Purpose:
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of outpatient pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) program and the use of 6-min walk distance (6MWD), expressed as a percentage of the predicted value (%6MWD), to quantify response to PR in elderly patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD).

Methods:
This was a prospective, nonrandomized controlled study. Forty eligible patients with stable ILD (≥65 y old) were advised to attend an outpatient PR program for 3 mo. Thirteen patients completed the PR program and formed the PR group. Ten patients who did not attend the PR program were evaluated after 3 mo and formed the control group. Patients in the PR group underwent a comprehensive 3-mo hospital-based outpatient PR program, consisting of educational support and supervised exercise training, and attended the rehabilitation unit weekly.

Results:
Change in the absolute 6MWD (Δ6MWD) in the PR group was not significantly different compared with the control group (P = .062). Change in %6MWD (Δ%6MWD) was greater in the PR group than in the control group. Baseline 6MWD was not correlated with Δ6MWD, but baseline %6MWD was significantly correlated with Δ6MWD and Δ%6MWD.

Conclusion:
PR had a beneficial effect on elderly patients with ILD in terms of exercise endurance. %6MWD might be more useful than the absolute 6MWD as an outcome measure of PR and as a predictor of response to PR in elderly patients with ILD.
Prenatal HIV Testing and the Impact of State HIV Testing Laws, 2004 to 2011
Authors: FitzHarris Lauren F. , Johnson Christopher H. , Nesheim Steven R. , Oussayef Nadia L. , Taylor Allan W. , Harrison Ayanna T. , Ruffo Nan , Burley Kim , House Lawrence , Koumans Emilia H. 
Published: February 2018

Objective
This study aimed to analyze prenatal human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing rates over time and describe the impact of state HIV testing laws on prenatal testing.

Methods
During 2004–2011, self-reported prenatal HIV testing data for women with live births in 35 states and New York City were collected. Prevalence of testing was estimated overall and by state and year. An annual percent change was calculated in states with at least 6 years of data to analyze testing changes over time. An attorney-coder used WestlawNext to identify states with laws that direct prenatal care providers to screen all pregnant women or direct all women to be tested for HIV and document changes in laws to meet this threshold.

Results
The overall prenatal HIV testing rate for 2004 through 2011 combined was 75.7%. State-level data showed a wide range of testing rates (43.2%–92.8%) for 2004 through 2011 combined. In areas with 6 years of data, 4 experienced an annual drop in testing (Alaska, Arkansas, Colorado, and Illinois). States that changed laws to meet the threshold generally had the highest testing rates, averaging 80%, followed by states with a preexisting law, at approximately 70%. States with no law, or no law meeting the threshold, had an average prenatal testing rate of 65%.

Conclusions
Prenatal HIV testing remained stable between 2004 and 2011 but remained below universal recommendations. Testing varied widely across states and was generally higher in areas that changed their laws to meet the threshold or had preexisting prenatal HIV testing laws, compared with those with no or limited prenatal HIV testing language.
FDG PET/CT Findings of Erdheim–Chester Disease
Authors: Akin Esma A. , Osman Murat , Ellenbogen Amy L. 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Erdheim–Chester disease (ECD) is a rare form of non-Langerhans histiocytosis with deposition of lipid-laden macrophages in numerous organs. A 74-year-old man with a history of coronary artery disease, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia presented with nonspecific symptoms including back pain, nausea, vomiting, vertigo, and left leg pain. A neutrophil-predominant elevated WBC count and a bone biopsy revealing histiocytic proliferation positive for CD68 and CD163 and negative for S100 was noted. FDG PET/CT, MRA, and CTA images were obtained. We review the radiologic hallmarks of ECD and demonstrate the radiologic manifestations of response to combined BRAF and MEK inhibitor treatment.
How hemorrhage control became common sense
Authors: Hawk Alan James 
Published: February 2018

BACKGROUND
Just over 200 years ago, surgeons were puzzled that the use of the tourniquet to control hemorrhage as common sense during surgery was a relatively recent development. Within the last 20 years, much progress has been made to controlling hemorrhage in the prehospital context. Then, as now, it was surprising that progress on something that appeared obvious had occurred only recently, begging the question how controlling blood loss was common sense in a surgical context, but not for emergency treatment.

METHODS
This article is a historical survey of the evolution of the medical understanding of hemorrhage along with technological response.

RESULTS
The danger of blood loss had historically been consistently underestimated as physicians looked at other explanations for symptoms of how the human body responded to trauma. As the danger from hemorrhage became apparent, even obvious, responsibility for hemorrhage control was delegated down from the surgeon to the paramedic and eventually to individual service members and civilian bystanders with training to “stop the bleed.”

CONCLUSION
Hippocratic medicine assumed that blood diffused centrifugally into periphery through arteries. William Harvey’s observation in 1615 that blood ran through a closed circulatory system gradually transformed conventional wisdom about blood loss, leading to the development of the tourniquet about a century later by Jean-Louis Petit, which made amputation of limbs survivable. However, physicians were cautious about their application during the First World War over concerns over effects on patient recovery. Hemorrhage had generally been seen as symptom to be managed until the patient would be seen by a surgeon who would stop the bleeding. More thorough collection and analysis of data related to case histories of soldiers wounded during the Vietnam Conflict transformed how surgeons understood the importance to hemorrhage leading to development of the doctrine of Tactical Combat Casualty Care in the late 1990s.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Background Information: Economic/decision study.
Brain neuroreceptor density and personality traits: towards dimensional biomarkers for psychiatric disorders
Authors: Farde Lars , Plavén-Sigray Pontus , Borg Jacqueline , Cervenka Simon 
Published: February 2018

Positron emission tomography has, for 30 years, been used in numerous case-control studies searching for hypothesized differences in the density of neuroreceptor or transporter proteins in psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia and depression. In most cases, the results have not been conclusive. One reason could be the sizeable interindividual variability in biochemical markers, which in twin studies have shown to emanate from both environmental and genetic factors, leading to low statistical power for the detection of group effects. On the other hand, the same interindividual variability has served as an opportunity for correlative studies on the biological underpinning of behaviour. Using this approach, a series of studies has linked markers for the dopamine and serotonin system to personality traits associated with psychiatric conditions. Based on increasing evidence for the view that many psychopathological states represent extremes of a continuum rather than distinct categories, this research strategy may lead to new biological insights about the vulnerability to and pathophysiology of major psychiatric disorders.
This article is part of the theme issue ‘Diverse perspectives on diversity: multi-disciplinary approaches to taxonomies of individual differences'.
Perspectives on two temperamental biases
Authors: Kagan Jerome 
Published: February 2018

This paper describes the contribution of two infant temperamental biases to variation in behaviour and biology over the first 18 years in a sample of middle-class Caucasian children. One bias, called high reactive, is defined by frequent display of limb activity and crying in four-month-old infants to unexpected or unfamiliar events. The other, called low reactive, is defined by the opposite pair of behaviours to the same incentives. High reactive infants are likely to display cautious, avoidant responses and signs of an excitable amygdala to unexpected experiences. Low reactives are characterized by a sociable, emotionally spontaneous profile to the same experiences and a minimally excitable amygdala. However, each bias is a better predictor of the future traits that are unlikely to develop than the ones that do. The final pattern of traits is a function of the person's temperaments, life history, and current circumstances.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Diverse perspectives on diversity: multi-disciplinary approaches to taxonomies of individual differences'.