bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Station and train surface microbiomes of Mexico City’s metro (subway/underground)
Authors: Hernández Apolinar Misael , Vargas-Robles Daniela , Alcaraz Luis D. , Peimbert Mariana 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe metro is one of the more representative urban systems of Mexico City, and it transports approximately 4.5 million commuters every day. Large crowds promote the constant exchange of human and environmental microbes. In this study, we determined the bacterial diversity profile of the Mexico City subway by massive sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. We identified a total of 50,197 operative taxonomic units (OTUs) and 1058 genera. The metro microbiome was dominated by the phylum Actinobacteria and by the genera Propionibacterium (15%) (P. acnes 13%), Corynebacterium (13%), Streptococcus (9%), and Staphylococcus (5%) (S. epidermidis; 4%), reflecting the microbe composition of normal human skin. The metro microbial sources were skin, dust, saliva, and vaginal, with no fecal contribution detected. A total of 420 bacterial genera were universal to the twelve metro lines tested, and they contributed to 99.10% of the abundance. The large OTUs number are probably reflecting the vast human influx, while selection from hosts and environments are constraining the genera diversity, shown by the OTUs to genus ratio. Finally, this study shows that the microbial composition of the Mexico City subway comes from a mixture of environmental and human sources and that commuters are exposed to normal human microbiota.
Inferring putative ancient whole genome duplications in the 1000 Plants (1KP) initiative: access to gene family phylogenies and age distributions
Authors: Li Zheng , Barker Michael S 
Published: August 2019

AbstractPolyploidy or whole genome duplications (WGDs) repeatedly occurred during green plant evolution. To examine the evolutionary history of green plants in a phylogenomic framework, the 1KP project sequenced over 1000 transcriptomes across the Viridiplantae. The 1KP project provided a unique opportunity to study the distribution and occurrence of WGDs across the green plants. In the 1KP capstone analyses, we used a total evidence approach that combined inferences of WGDs from Ks and phylogenomic methods to infer and place ancient WGDs. Overall, 244 putative ancient WGDs were inferred across the Viridiplantae. Here, we describe these analyses and evaluate the consistency of the WGD inferences by comparing them to evidence from published syntenic analyses of plant genome assemblies. We find that our inferences are consistent with whole genome synteny analyses and our total evidence approach may minimize the false positive rate throughout the data set. Given these resources will be useful for many future analyses on gene and genome evolution in green plants, we release 383,679 nuclear gene family phylogenies and 2,306 gene age distribution (Ks) plots from the 1KP capstone paper.
Chytrid rhizoid morphogenesis is adaptive and resembles hyphal development in ‘higher’ fungi
Authors: Laundon Davis , Chrismas Nathan , Wheeler Glen , Cunliffe Michael 
Published: August 2019

AbstractFungi are major components of the Earth’s biosphere [1], sustaining many critical ecosystem processes [2, 3]. Key to fungal prominence is their characteristic cell biology, our understanding of which has been principally based on ‘higher’ dikaryan hyphal and yeast forms [4–6]. The early-diverging Chytridiomycota (chytrids) are ecologically important [2, 7, 8] and a significant component of fungal diversity [9–11], yet their cell biology remains poorly understood. Unlike dikaryan hyphae, chytrids typically attach to substrates and feed osmotrophically via anucleate rhizoids [12]. The evolution of fungal hyphae appears to have occurred from lineages exhibiting rhizoidal growth [13] and it has been hypothesised that a rhizoid-like structure was the precursor to multicellular hyphae and mycelial feeding in fungi [14]. Here we show in a unicellular chytrid, Rhizoclosmatium globosum, that rhizoid development has equivalent features to dikaryan hyphae and is adaptive to resource availability. Rhizoid morphogenesis exhibits analogous properties with growth in hyphal forms, including tip production, branching and decreasing fractal geometry towards the growing edge, and is controlled by β-glucan-dependent cell wall synthesis and actin polymerisation. Chytrid rhizoids from individual cells also demonstrate adaptive morphological plasticity in response to substrate availability, developing a searching phenotype when carbon starved and exhibiting spatial differentiation when interacting with particulate substrates. Our results show striking similarities between unicellular early-diverging and dikaryan fungi, providing insights into chytrid cell biology, ecological prevalence and fungal evolution. We demonstrate that the sophisticated cell biology and developmental plasticity previously considered characteristic of hyphal fungi are shared more widely across the Kingdom Fungi and therefore could be conserved from their most recent common ancestor.
Toward increasing affective commitment in SME strategic networks
Authors: Agostini Lara , Nosella Anna , Venturini Karen 
Published: August 2019

PurposeTo hinder the high failure rate of strategic networks, recently scholars have concentrated on behavioral aspects such as trust, conflict management, resolution and commitment as fundamental antecedents of strategic network performance. Within this context, this paper focuses on the antecedents of affective commitment, based on the rationale that an increasing affective commitment cannot occur naturally during network evolution. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to understand how affective commitment is achieved along the development process of small- and medium-sized enterprise (SME) strategic networks.Design/methodology/approachTo address the aim of the paper, a qualitative approach based on multiple case studies was used. Two case studies of Italian SME strategic networks having an increasing and decreasing level of affective commitment were selected to have a base of comparison, following a “polar types” theoretical sampling approach.FindingsBy comparing two cases in which partners show a different affective commitment along the network development process, this study allows providing a twofold contribution. The former is to unveil the most relevant elements partners may rely on to achieve an increasing affective commitment and the latter is to propose a dynamic approach toward the study of affective commitment in SME strategic networks.Research limitations/implicationsConsidering the limited generalizability of this exploratory study due to the analysis of two cases, future studies with a larger number of strategic multipartner networks can expand the understanding of the dynamics leading to increasing commitment.Practical implicationsThe paper provides a series of practical guidelines for managers to create a trusting environment with a high level of affective commitment within the context of SME networks, which can contribute to their survival.Originality/valueThe originality of the study consists in having adopted a dynamic approach toward studying affective commitment in the context of SME networks, which resulted in the identification of relevant factors that can lead to increasing affective commitment.
Effects of environmental education on environmental ethics and literacy based on virtual reality technology
Authors: Liu Qiong , Cheng Zhongming , Chen Min 
Published: August 2019

Purpose
This study aims to propose the corresponding ways and methods to strengthen the environmental moral education based on scientific research methods, rigorous scientific theory and the specific content of environmental moral education.

Design/methodology/approach
In this study, taking 360 volunteers of Yangtze University, Hubei, as the research samples, the 32-week (3 h per week) experimental research was preceded in this study. Among the 360 distributed copies of questionnaires, 289 copies are valid, with the retrieval rate 80 per cent.

Findings
The research results show significant correlations between environmental education and environmental ethics; environmental ethics and environmental literacy; and environmental education and environmental literacy.

Research limitations/implications
The research on the environmental moral education in China was still in the primary stage, and there were few results that can be used for reference. As a result, there was a lack of empirical research in this paper, which needed to be further expanded and improved.

Practical implications
This study put forward a series of new judgments and new views to solve the problems, which provided a good theoretical basis for the current education and teaching work of the majority of educators and valuable reference for future research on related topics. This study was helpful to further enhance the environmental moral awareness and environmental moral level. Aiming at the problems existing in environmental moral education, this study proposed a series of solutions to make the whole society, schools and families work together for the improvement and development of environmental moral education.

Originality/value
This study was helpful to promote environmental moral quality and level, promote the harmony between man and nature and form a good habit of environmental protection in the whole society.
“There’s nothing that compares to it”: a grounded theoretical analysis of the experiences of police hostage and crisis negotiators
Authors: Grubb Amy Rose , Brown Sarah J. , Hall Peter , Bowen Erica 
Published: August 2019

Purpose
Hostage and crisis negotiators serve a vital function within society by resolving hostage/crisis incidents. This role, performed by specially trained police “volunteers”, helps to prevent numerous fatalities and forms an important part of the modern policing repertoire. There is limited research that identifies the experiences of police officers that dedicate their lives to saving others by volunteering in this capacity. This paper aims to provide an insight into this fundamental police role using negotiator’s personal narratives.

Design/methodology/approach
This study consisted of an exploratory qualitative grounded theoretical analysis of semi-structured interviews conducted with 15 negotiators from nine English police forces.

Findings
The analysis revealed 3 primary, 7 secondary and 23 tertiary categories that form a conceptual model of the negotiator experience. The three primary categories consisted of “negotiator positives”, “negotiator negatives” and “negotiator ambivalences”, which provide an insight into the experiences and identities of negotiators in England.

Practical implications
The findings identify several positive factors that could be used to market the role more effectively within police forces and enhance future recruitment processes. Equally, the findings highlight several operational and organisational issues that have a negative impact on the negotiator experience. The findings are, therefore, discussed in light of the practical implications for negotiator training/continuing professional development, policy and practice.

Originality/value
This paper depicts the findings from one of the first qualitative analyses of negotiator experiences and provides a unique insight into the negotiator role from an Anglo-centric perspective.
Globalization-induced changes in higher education management in Ukraine
Authors: Markina Iryna Anatolyevna , Chykurkova Alla Dmitrievna , Dudziak Oksana Antonivna , Opaliuk Tetiana Leonidivna , Dobrenko Inna Anatolievna 
Published: August 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to identify the features of higher education management in the context of global economic transformations.Design/methodology/approachA correlation-regression analysis of the functionality of the modern education system was carried out in the “personality-society-economy” triad by analyzing the impact of global indices such as Economic Quality Index, Personal Freedom Index and Social Capital Index on the resultant indicator, or the Education Index.FindingsIt was determined that the impact of economic factors on the level of education is rather low, and at the same time, this indicator largely depends on the indicator of the social capital. In this regard, the following social trends have been identified that need to be implemented for the successful education management: expanding the population education program, as well as providing lifelong education, ensuring equal access to quality education, strengthening the role of the state in ensuring equity in education, efficient and effective use of education costs, humanization and democratization of education, updating the content, forms, methods and means of training, enhancing the professional competence of teachers, transparency of education systems, the formation of state-public forms of education management.Originality/valueIn the framework of the proposed research, it was established the hypothesis that the modern education system is dependent on the relation between individual, society and the national economy.
Education and competencies within Belt and Road countries
Authors: Zahavi Mor , BenDavid-Hadar Iris , Klein Joseph 
Published: August 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the relationships between education and competencies from a comparative view, while controlling for background characteristics (e.g. parental education), home features (e.g. income) and country fixed effect.Design/methodology/approachThis paper utilises an international data sets of 12 Belt and Road (B&R) countries participating in the PIAAC survey. Data are examined using regression models with “REPSET” Stata code. The focus on B&R countries is interesting as this recent economic and strategic development alliance might transform the contemporary global balance of power. Therefore, examining its educational development is important.FindingsFindings reveal the higher the level of education, the higher the competency level in numeracy and literacy. Age was found to be negatively related to competencies, and gender was found to be dually significant. Among the examined B&R countries, Slovenia, Russia and Israel contribute the most to the numeracy, literacy and problem solving competencies (respectively) compared with other countries. The findings might contribute to the design of education for development policies aimed at increasing the level of state competitiveness while accounting for social cohesiveness.Originality/valueThe paper provides a comparative study into educational development of the B&R alliance, and therefore offers an insight of the developmental cooperation as it emerges. The focus on the B&R initiative is important as it is a strategic development alliance which might transform the contemporary global balance of power. Therefore, the examination of the above-mentioned relationships with the focus on B&R countries might advance the strategic design of this cooperation.
A study on the effect of imbalanced data in tourism recommendation models
Authors: Fernández-Muñoz Juan José , M. Moguerza Javier , Martin Duque Clara , Gomez Bruna Diana 
Published: August 2019

Purpose
This paper aims to study the effect of imbalanced data in tourism quality models. It is demonstrated that this imbalance strongly affects the accuracy of tourism prediction models for hotel recommendation.

Design/methodology/approach
A questionnaire was used to survey 83,740 clients from hotels between five and two or less stars using a binary logistic model. The data correspond to a sample of 87 hotels from all around the world (120 countries from America, Africa, Asia, Europe and Australia).

Findings
The results of the study suggest that the imbalance in the data affects the prediction accuracy of the models used, especially to the prediction provided by unsatisfied clients, tending to consider them as satisfied customers.

Practical implications
In this sense, special attention should be given to unsatisfied clients or, at least, some safeguards to prevent the effect of the imbalance of data should be included in the models.

Social implications
In the tourism industry, the strong imbalance between satisfied and unsatisfied customers produces misleading prediction results. This fact could have effects on the quality policy of hoteliers.

Originality/value
In this work, focusing on tourism data, it is shown that this imbalance strongly affects the prediction accuracy of the models used, especially to the prediction of the recommendation provided by unsatisfied customers, tending to consider them as satisfied customers; a methodological approach based on the balance of the data set used to build the models is proposed to improve the accuracy of the prediction for unsatisfied customers provided by traditional services quality models.
Mythical encounters: challenging racism in the diverse city
Authors: Almeida Shana 
Published: August 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to situate the idea that the City of Toronto is a leader on addressing issues of diversity, racism and democracy within the context of diversity discourse and the racial norms that are incited by it.Design/methodology/approachA genealogy and critical discourse analysis of City of Toronto documents from 1975 to 2017 involving consultations with racial Others on issues of diversity, race and/or racism was conducted.FindingsThe author shows how the specific racial norms that continue to make up diversity discourse as “truth” in the City of Toronto are reproduced through the commodification of racial Others and the re-framing of their racial claims, to re-generate the narrative of the diverse City of Toronto where all are welcome to participate and belong.Practical implicationsImplications for senses of place are discussed.Originality/valueThis paper adds critical depth to understanding increased participation of racialised communities as a mechanism for achieving socio-political change in government and non-government institutions. Initiated in a local context, the findings of this paper are intended to contribute to a global reservoir of critical knowledge on diversity, race, democracy, political participation and power.
Challenges for adopting and implementing IoT in smart cities
Authors: Janssen Marijn , Luthra Sunil , Mangla Sachin , Rana Nripendra P. , Dwivedi Yogesh K. 
Published: August 2019

Purpose
The wider use of Internet of Things (IoT) makes it possible to create smart cities. The purpose of this paper is to identify key IoT challenges and understand the relationship between these challenges to support the development of smart cities.

Design/methodology/approach
Challenges were identified using literature review, and prioritised and elaborated by experts. The contextual interactions between the identified challenges and their importance were determined using Interpretive Structural Modelling (ISM). To interrelate the identified challenges and promote IoT in the context of smart cities, the dynamics of interactions of these challenges were analysed using an integrated Matrice d’Impacts Croisés Multiplication Appliqués à un Classement (MICMAC)-ISM approach. MICMAC is a structured approach to categorise variables according to their driving power and dependence.

Findings
Security and privacy, business models, data quality, scalability, complexity and governance were found to have strong driving power and so are key challenges to be addressed in sustainable cities projects. The main driving challenges are complexity and lack of IoT governance. IoT adoption and implementation should therefore focus on breaking down complexity in manageable parts, supported by a governance structure.

Practical implications
This research can help smart city developers in addressing challenges in a phase-wise approach by first ensuring solid foundations and thereafter developing other aspects.

Originality/value
A contribution originates from the integrated MICMAC-ISM approach. ISM is a technique used to identify contextual relationships among definite elements, whereas MICMAC facilitates the classification of challenges based on their driving and dependence power. The other contribution originates from creating an overview of challenges and theorising the contextual relationships and dependencies among the challenges.
Administrative empowerment among Kuwait University staff and its effect on their job satisfaction
Authors: Aldaihani Sultan Ghaleb 
Published: August 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to identify administrative empowerment and job satisfaction levels among Kuwait University staff. The study also aimed to reveal the relationship between administrative empowerment and job satisfaction. In addition, the study sought to identify any statistically significant differences in the study sample responses regarding employees’ administrative empowerment and job satisfaction attributed to the study variables (gender and years of experience). Finally, the study sought to identify the possibility of predicting job satisfaction level among Kuwait University staff through administrative empowerment.Design/methodology/approachThe study sample consisted of 115 administrators chosen from different faculties at Kuwait University. The study used a PLS-SEM via SMARTPLS version 3.2.8 depending on questionnaires as the study’s tools.FindingsThe results revealed that Kuwait University staff enjoyed medium administrative empowerment levels. On the other hand, they had higher job satisfaction levels. It found a statistically positive correlation between job satisfaction and administrative empowerment. The study has found significant associations of administrative empowerment, participation in decision making, group work and self-motivation with job satisfaction.Originality/valueThe study recommends identifying regulatory obstacles that could prevent the dissemination and resolution of empowerment policy and culture.
Sports sponsorship: scientific coverage in academic journals
Authors: Maldonado-Erazo Claudia Patricia , Durán-Sánchez Amador , Álvarez-García José , Del Río-Rama María de la Cruz 
Published: August 2019

PurposeSports sponsorship is considered a business strategy that allows for the mutual benefit of both parties; the sponsor achieves to position and make its brand known and those sponsored obtain the income required to finance their corporate, marketing and communication objectives. The purpose of this paper is to identify the scientific production on this subject indexed in Scopus.Design/methodology/approachIn order to fulfill the proposed objective, it is studied and analyzed scientific activity by means of the “Bibliometric Analysis” methodology, using indicators of productivity, dispersion, collaboration and citation. These indicators are applied to a database composed of 484 articles on sports sponsorship.FindingsThe most relevant researchers are identified by using two different criteria, the production and citations received, as well as providing information on which approaches or lines of research on the subject have not been followed or have not been studied in-depth sufficiently.Originality/valueThis is a novel study, since it provides a global view of research carried out in this field at international level.