bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Men with Elevated Macroprolactin Content: A Pilot Study
Authors: Krysiak Robert , Szkróbka Witold , Okopień Bogusław 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackground Macroprolactinemia is a condition associated with the presence of large amounts of high molecular weight complexes of prolactin. Despite high prevalence, clinical significance of macroprolactin remains poorly understood.Objective The aim of this study was to assess cardiometabolic risk in men with isolated macroprolactinemia.Methods The study population included 11 men with isolated macroprolactinemia, 14 subjects with monomeric hyperprolactinemia and 14 men with prolactin levels within the reference range. Glucose homeostasis markers, plasma lipids, as well as plasma levels of uric acid, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), fibrinogen, homocysteine and 25-hydroxyvitamin D were determined in all included patients.Results Compared to healthy counterparts, men with isolated macroprolactinemia had higher levels of 2-h postchallenge glucose, hsCRP and fibrinogen, lower levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and reduced insulin sensitivity. Patients with monomeric hyperprolactinemia were characterized by increased plasma levels of 2-h postchallenge glucose, triglycerides, uric acid, hsCRP, fibrinogen and homocysteine, reduced insulin sensitivity and decreased plasma concentrations of HDL cholesterol and 25-hydroxyvitamin D. Subjects with isolated macroprolactinemia differed from patients with monomeric hyperprolactinemia in postchallenge plasma glucose, insulin sensitivity, uric acid, hsCRP, fibrinogen, homocysteine and 25-hydroxyvitamin D. In men with monomeric hyperprolactinemia, uric acid, hsCRP, fibrinogen, homocysteine and 25-hydroxyvitamin D, while in men with elevated levels of macroprolactin, uric acid, hsCRP, fibrinogen and 25-hydroxyvitamin D correlated with a content of monomeric prolactin or macroprolactin, respectively, as well as with a degree of insulin sensitivity.Conclusions The obtained results suggest that macroprolactinemia may increase cardiometabolic risk but to a lesser extent than monomeric hyperprolactinemia.
Arbeitsfähigkeit von Pflegekräften in Deutschland
– welchen Präventionsbedarf hat das Pflegepersonal: Ergebnisse
einer Expertenbefragung
Authors: Ehegartner Veronika , Kirschneck Michaela , Frisch Dieter , Schuh Angela , Kus Sandra 
Published: June 2019

Zusammenfassung
Ziel Die berufliche Belastung der Pflegekräfte in Deutschland
steigt zunehmend. Spezifische Präventionsangebote können dabei
helfen, der steigenden Beanspruchung entgegen zu wirken. Um solch ein Angebot
entwickeln zu können, muss vorab der konkrete Bedarf der
Pflegekräfte an Schulungen und Maßnahmen im Bereich der
Prävention ermittelt werden. Das Ziel des Projektes
„PFLEGEprevent“ (gefördert vom Bayerischen
Staatsministerium für Gesundheit und Pflege) ist es ein
Präventionsprogramm zu entwickeln, das auf die speziellen
Bedürfnisse von Pflegekräften ausgerichtet ist. Das Projekt
besteht aus folgenden 4 Teilprojekten: (1) Identifizierung von
Bedürfnissen, Arbeitsbelastungen und beruflichen Herausforderungen der
Pflegekräfte und der wissenschaftlichen Evidenz (nationale
Expertenbefragung und systematischer Literaturreview), (2) Entwicklung des
Präventionsprogrammes für Pflegekräfte, (3)
Implementierung und Evaluierung des Präventionsprogrammes
(Interventionsstudie; DRKS00012870), (4) Ausarbeitung eines Manuals zur
Umsetzung der Maßnahme (Übertragbarkeit).
Methodik Zu Punkt (1) des Projektes „PFLEGEprevent“ wurde
die aktuelle subjektive Arbeitsfähigkeit der Pflegekräfte in
Deutschland und deren Bedarf im Bereich der Prävention mittels einer
nationalen Expertenbefragung von Pflegekräften in Deutschland erhoben.
Die Umfrage richtete sich an Pflegepersonal in ambulanten,
teilstationären und stationären Pflegeeinrichtungen und
Kliniken. Neben personenbezogenen Angaben und Fragen zur aktuellen Arbeit und
Einrichtung, wurden die subjektive Arbeitsfähigkeit der
Pflegekräfte (anhand des Work Ability Index, WAI) und der Bedarf an
Präventionsangeboten abgefragt.
Ergebnisse Es wurden 1381 Fragebögen von Pflegekräften
(w=81%) ausgewertet. Im Mittel waren die Befragten 40,1 Jahre
alt (SD=12,0) und arbeiteten seit 16,3 Jahren (SD=10,9) in der
Pflege. Im Schnitt ergabt sich ein WAI-Score von 37,2 (SD=7,1) Punkten,
was einer gerade noch guten Arbeitsfähigkeit entspricht. Es zeigten sich
jedoch Unterschiede in der Arbeitsfähigkeit nach Art der Einrichtung und
Anzahl der Berufsjahre. Der Bedarf des Pflegepersonals bei Schulungsangeboten
bestand v. a. zu den Themen Stress, Kommunikation und Teamarbeit. Praktische
Präventionsmaßnahmen sind v. a. in den Bereichen Entspannung,
Rückengesundheit und Kräftigung gefragt. 75% der
Befragten wären bereit an einem 5-tägigen
Präventionsprogramm teilzunehmen.
Schlussfolgerung Die subjektive Arbeitsfähigkeit der befragten
Pflegekräfte ist kritisch bis mäßig. Der Bedarf an einem
speziell für Pflegekräfte entwickeltem
Präventionsprogramm zur besseren Bewältigung von Belastungen und
Herausforderungen des beruflichen Alltags liegt eindeutig vor.
Dimethyloxalylglycine (DMOG) and the Caspase Inhibitor “Ac-LETD-CHO” Protect Neuronal ND7/23 Cells of Gluocotoxicity
Authors: Mukhopadhyay Debasmita , Hammami Mohammad , Khalouf Amani , Shaikh Yazan Al , Mohammed Abdul Khader , Hamad Mawieh , Salehi Albert , Taneera Jalal 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIt well known that long-lasting hyperglycaemia disrupts neuronal function and leads to neuropathy and other neurodegenerative diseases. The α-ketoglutarate analogue (DMOG) and the caspase-inhibitor “Ac-LETD-CHO are potential neuroprotective molecules. Whether their protections may also extend glucotoxicity-induced neuropathy is not known. Herein, we evaluated the possible cell-protective effects of DMOG and Ac-LETD-CHO against hyperglycaemia-induced reactive oxygen species and apoptosis in ND7/23 neuronal cells. The impact of glucotoxicity on the expression of HIF-1α and a panel of micro-RNAs of significance in hyperglycaemia and apoptosis was also investigated.ND7/23 cells cultured under hyperglycaemic conditions showed decreased cell viability and elevated levels of ROS production in a dose- and time-dependent manner. However, presence DMOG (500 µM) and/or Ac-LETD-CHO (50 µM) counteracted this effect and increase cell viability concomitant with reduction in ROS production, DNA damage and apoptosis. AcLETD-CHO suppressed hyperglycaemia-induced caspase 3 activation in ND7/23 cells. Both DMOG and Ac-LETD-CHO increased HIF-1α expression paralleled with the suppression of miR-126–5p, miR-128–3p and miR-181 expression and upregulation of miR-26b, 106a-5p, 106b-5p, 135a-5p, 135b-5p, 138–5p, 199a-5p, 200a-3p and 200c-3p expression.We demonstrate a mechanistic link for the DMOG and Ac-LETD-CHO protection against hyperglycaemia-induced neuronal dysfunction, DNA damage and apoptosis and thereby propose that pharmacological agents mimicking these effects may represent a promising novel therapy for the hyperglycaemia-induced neuropathy.
Use of Epiphysiodesis as Treatment for a Proximal Physeal Tibial Fracture in a Dog
Authors: Picavet Pierre P. , Bouvy Bernard , Hamon Martin , Lefebvre Michael , Balligand Marc 
Published: June 2019

Objective The aim of this study was to describe the use of epiphysiodesis by the means of a screw to treat a proximal tibial Salter–Harris II fracture associated with a tibial tuberosity avulsion in a 4.5-month-old Airedale Terrier.
Study design A healing proximal tibial epiphyseal fracture was observed after a 10-day period. Tibial plateau angle was 40°. The fracture was treated by the insertion of a fluoroscopy-guided 3.5-mm cancellous screw.
Results Successful healing of fractures and levelling of tibia plateau were obtained. Final tibial plateau angle was 8°. At long-term follow-up (18 months), owners reported sustained and full functional recovery.
Conclusion Prior to ossification of the proximal tibial physis, epiphysiodesis with a screw can be used as a treatment of sub-acute, moderately displaced, Salter–Harris I or II fractures.
Potential Involvement of Osteopontin in Inflammatory and Fibrotic Processes in Pulmonary Embolism and Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: Kölmel Sebastian , Hobohm Lukas , Käberich Anja , Krieg Valentin J. , Bochenek Magdalena L. , Wenzel Philip , Wiedenroth Christoph B. , Liebetrau Christoph , Hasenfuß Gerd , Mayer Eckhard , Konstantinides Stavros V. , Schäfer Katrin , Guth Stefan , Lankeit Mareike 
Published: June 2019

Background Inflammation and incomplete thrombus resolution leading to obstructive fibrotic remodelling are considered critical mechanisms for the development of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) after pulmonary embolism (PE). Osteopontin (OPN) is involved in a variety of biological processes including inflammation and tissue fibrosis.
Methods OPN plasma concentrations were measured in 70 CTEPH and 119 PE patients. Tissue material from 6 CTEPH patients removed during pulmonary endarterectomy and murine venous thrombi induced by subtotal ligation of the inferior vena cava in C57BL/6 mice were analysed by (immuno)histochemistry.
Results CTEPH patients had higher OPN plasma concentrations (median, 106.9 [interquartile range, 75.6–155.9]) compared to PE patients (90.4 [53.3–123.9] ng/mL, p = 0.001). OPN- and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9-positive cells were predominantly present in myofibroblast-rich and profibrotic areas of CTEPH tissue material. Early stages of murine thrombus resolution were characterised by high numbers of OPN- and MMP-2-positive cells while OPN was almost absent in fresh thrombi of CTEPH tissue material. PE patients with OPN plasma concentrations of < 55 ng/mL had a 15.2-fold (95% confidence interval, 1.7–135.5, p = 0.015) increased risk for a diagnosis of CTEPH during follow-up.
Conclusion The results of the present observational translational study point to a possible involvement of OPN in the pathogenesis of CTEPH by affecting early inflammatory and late fibrotic processes.
Subtherapeutic Anticoagulation Control under Treatment with Vitamin K-Antagonists—Data from a Specialized Coagulation Service
Authors: Prochaska Jürgen H. , Hausner Christoph , Nagler Markus , Göbel Sebastian , Eggebrecht Lisa , Panova-Noeva Marina , Arnold Natalie , Lauterbach Michael , Bickel Christoph , Michal Matthias , Hardt Roland , Espinola-Klein Christine , Lackner Karl J. , Münzel Thomas , Wild Philipp S. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIn contrast to overanticoagulation, evidence on risk factors and outcome of subtherapeutic oral anticoagulation (OAC) with vitamin K-antagonists (VKAs) under optimum care is limited. We investigated the clinical phenotype, anticoagulation control, and clinical outcome of 760 VKA patients who received OAC therapy by a specialized coagulation service in the thrombEVAL study (NCT01809015). During 281,934 treatment days, 278 patients experience ≥ 1 episode of subtherapeutic anticoagulation control and had lower quality of OAC therapy compared to 482 patients without subtherapeutic international normalized ratio: 67.6%, interquartile range (IQR) 54.9%/76.8% versus 81.0%, IQR 68.5%/90.4%; p < 0.001. In Cox regression analysis with adjustment for age, sex, cardiovascular risk factors, comorbidities, and treatment characteristics, female sex (hazard ratio [HR], 1.4, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.0/1.9; p = 0.03), diabetes (HR, 1.4, 95% CI, 1.0/2.0; p = 0.03), and living alone (HR, 1.5, 95% CI, 1.1/2.1; p = 0.009) were independent risk factors of subtherapeutic anticoagulation control, whereas atrial fibrillation (HR, 0.6, 95% CI, 0.4/0.9; p = 0.02) and self-management of OAC therapy (HR, 0.2, 95% CI, 0.1/0.6; p = 0.001) were protective. In addition, active smoking (HR, 1.7, 95% CI, 0.9/3.0; p = 0.086) and living in a nursing home (HR, 1.6, 95% CI, 0.8/3.2; p = 0.15) indicated an elevated risk at the borderline of statistical significance. For the prediction of recurrent subtherapeutic anticoagulation, living alone was the only independent risk factor (HR, 1.7, 95% CI, 1.1/2.5; p = 0.013). The present study suggests that women, diabetics, and patients living alone experience an increased risk of low-quality VKA therapy and might potentially benefit from treatment with direct-acting anticoagulants.
Contraceptive Care in the Veterans Health Administration
Authors: Yecies Emmanuelle B. , Judge-Golden Colleen P. , Callegari Lisa , Borrero Sonya 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIn recent years, the number of women Veterans obtaining care in the Veterans Affairs (VA) Healthcare System has grown, expanding the need for provision of contraceptive care. Women Veterans are a diverse group of women with complex sociodemographic and medical backgrounds, and meeting their needs presents a unique challenge for VA. Efforts including the establishment of comprehensive women's health clinics and training practitioners in women's health have greatly improved healthcare services for women Veterans over the last few decades. Recent data from a large cross-sectional survey study suggest that contraceptive use in VA is similar to the general population and that rates of unintended pregnancy, while still significant, are not higher than that in the general population. Subgroup analyses of this survey data, however, suggest that ongoing efforts are needed to improve outcomes in vulnerable subpopulations of women Veterans, particularly ethnic/racial minorities and Veterans with complex medical backgrounds. Policy changes such as the elimination of copayments for contraceptive prescriptions and the dispensing of more months of contraceptive supply are evidence-based starting points for improvements, in addition to leveraging VA's integrated system and research infrastructure to improve patient-centered counseling and contraceptive access.
Coordinating Care for Reproductive Health Malignancies in the Veterans' Health Administration: Promising Practices, Ongoing Challenges, and Future Research
Authors: Cordasco Kristina M. , Moreau Jessica L. , Chawla Neetu 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIn cancer care, communication and coordination across the cancer continuum is paramount for delivering effective, high-quality, patient-centered care. However, achieving optimally coordinated cancer care is inherently challenging, especially in the case of Veterans Administration (VA) care for women's reproductive health cancers. Given the relatively small number of women Veterans requiring care for reproductive malignancies, VA often must rely on community providers to deliver this care, necessitating coordination across two or more health care systems. Recently, VA has invested heavily in improving care for women Veterans through several initiatives and efforts. This article reviews VA's successes, challenges, and future opportunities in research and innovation in the context of care coordination across the cancer continuum (i.e., prevention and screening, diagnosis and treatment, survivorship care, palliative and supportive care) for women Veterans with reproductive health malignancies. We describe how coordination of VA care for reproductive health malignancies currently reflects a mix of successes that demonstrate use of strong evidenced-based practices and challenges, with solutions yet to be fully developed and implemented. We conclude that there are a multitude of opportunities for future research, interventions, and potential avenues for implementing innovative approaches to coordinate VA reproductive cancer care across the cancer continuum.
Amphiphilic multicomponent molecular brushes
Authors: Ivanov Ivan V. , Meleshko Tamara K. , Kashina Anna V. , Yakimansky Alexander V. 
Published: June 2019

Multicomponent molecular brushes containing amphiphilic polymer moieties are promising objects of research of macromolecular chemistry. The development of stimulus-responsive systems sensitive to changes in environmental parameters, based on the molecular brushes, opens up new possibilities for their applications in medicine, biochemistry and microelectronics. The review presents the current understanding of the structures of main types of amphiphilic multicomponent brushes, depending on the chemical nature and type of coupling of the backbone and side chains. The approaches to the controlled synthesis of multicomponent molecular brushes of different architecture are analyzed. Self-assembly processes of multicomponent molecular brushes in selective solvents are considered.
The bibliography includes 259 references.
Loss of gut barrier integrity triggers activation of islet-reactive T cells and autoimmune diabetes
Authors: Sorini Chiara , Cosorich Ilaria , Lo Conte Marta , De Giorgi Lorena , Facciotti Federica , Lucianò Roberta , Rocchi Martina , Ferrarese Roberto , Sanvito Francesca , Canducci Filippo , Falcone Marika 
Published: June 2019

Significance
Functional loss of gut barrier integrity with subsequent increased antigen trafficking and occurrence of low-grade intestinal inflammation precede the onset of type 1 diabetes (T1D) in patients and preclinical models, thus suggesting that these events are mechanistically linked to the autoimmune pathogenesis of the disease. However, a causal relationship between increased intestinal permeability and autoimmune diabetes was never demonstrated. Our data show that breakage of gut barrier continuity leads to activation of islet-reactive T cells in the intestine, thus triggering autoimmune diabetes. An important implication of our findings is that restoration of a healthy gut barrier through microbiota and diet modulation in diabetes-prone individuals could reduce intestinal activation of islet-reactive T cells and prevent T1D occurrence.
On the psychology and economics of antisocial personality
Authors: Engelmann J. B. , Schmid B. , De Dreu C. K. W. , Chumbley J. , Fehr E. 
Published: June 2019

Significance
Using an interdisciplinary experimental approach grounded in behavioral economics and personality psychology, we identify an antisocial personality profile and examine its role across strategic contexts. Antisocial individuals exhibit a specific combination of behaviors and beliefs: they have a high propensity to betray others’ trust and believe that others are like them, but if given a punishment opportunity, they impose very harsh sanctions on those who betray their trust. More generally, antisocial individuals show beliefs and behaviors that are consistent with the assumption that most others are as antisocial as they themselves are.
Quantifying the sensing power of vehicle fleets
Authors: O’Keeffe Kevin P. , Anjomshoaa Amin , Strogatz Steven H. , Santi Paolo , Ratti Carlo 
Published: June 2019

Significance
Attaching sensors to crowd-sourced vehicles could provide a cheap and accurate way to monitor air pollution, road quality, and other aspects of a city’s health. But in order for so-called drive-by sensing to be practically useful, the sensor-equipped vehicle fleet needs to have large “sensing power”—that is, it needs to cover a large fraction of a city’s area during a given reference period. Here, we provide an analytic description of the sensing power of taxi fleets, which agrees with empirical data from nine major cities. Our results show taxis’ sensing power is unexpectedly large—in Manhattan; just 10 random taxis cover one-third of street segments daily, which certifies that drive-by sensing can be readily implemented in the real world.
Sixty-six million years along the road of mammalian ecomorphological specialization
Authors: Figueirido Borja , Palmqvist Paul , Pérez-Claros Juan A. , Janis Christine M. 
Published: June 2019

Significance
The six “evolutionary faunas” of large mammal taxonomic diversity described for the North American Cenozoic have a nonrandom ecomorphological spectrum and show a long-term trend toward greater ecological specialization over the past 66 My. We show here that each successive fauna was characterized by a change toward more specialized ecotypes; these changes were correlated with vegetation shifts caused by major climatic changes, which may have promoted the appearance of new ecological opportunities and morphological innovations.
Flame-formed carbon nanoparticles exhibit quantum dot behaviors
Authors: Liu Changran , Singh Ajay V. , Saggese Chiara , Tang Quanxi , Chen Dongping , Wan Kevin , Vinciguerra Marianna , Commodo Mario , De Falco Gianluigi , Minutolo Patrizia , D’Anna Andrea , Wang Hai 
Published: June 2019

Significance
Flame-formed carbon nanoparticles are observed to exhibit quantum confinement behaviors. We demonstrate that the size dependence of photoemission ionization energy in air and optical band gap of flame-generated carbon particles can be well explained by available quantum confinement theory. Carbon nanoparticles comprising mainly polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are widespread in nature. The results have important consequences in problems ranging from interpreting the infrared emission spectra of carbon dusts in the interstellar media, to evaluating the climate effects of atmospheric fine carbon particles, measuring soot nucleation and growth rates in flames, and developing applications of carbon nanoparticles in photovoltaic and electrochemical devices.
TMEM16A controls EGF-induced calcium signaling implicated in pancreatic cancer prognosis
Authors: Crottès David , Lin Yu-Hsiu T. , Peters Christian J. , Gilchrist John M. , Wiita Arun P. , Jan Yuh Nung , Jan Lily Yeh 
Published: June 2019

Significance
Cancer of the pancreas is highly heterogeneous. Improvement of diagnosis and prognosis requires the discovery of new biomarkers and new methods of classification. In this study, we identify TMEM16A calcium-activated chloride channel as a potential key biomarker for pancreatic cancer. We demonstrate that, through the modulation of chloride homeostasis and the initiation of a calcium signaling pathway, TMEM16A is an important regulator of ligand-induced EGFR signaling in pancreatic cancer cells. Taken together, our findings establish that EGF-induced TMEM16A-dependent calcium pathways constitute a gene set sufficient for classification of pancreatic cancer, and provide inroads for molecular characterization of different subtypes of pancreatic cancer.
Symptomatic plant viroid infections in phytopathogenic fungi
Authors: Wei Shuang , Bian Ruiling , Andika Ida Bagus , Niu Erbo , Liu Qian , Kondo Hideki , Yang Liu , Zhou Hongsheng , Pang Tianxing , Lian Ziqian , Liu Xili , Wu Yunfeng , Sun Liying 
Published: June 2019

Significance
Viroids are the only known autonomously replicating pathogenic agents that do not encode proteins. As viroids are known only to naturally infect plants, their infectivity and pathogenicity in other eukaryotes are largely unexplored. Herein, we demonstrate the stable infection of three viroid species in different plant pathogenic filamentous fungi and show that viroid infection can reduce the growth and virulence of fungi. In addition to successful viroid RNA inoculation of fungal spheroplasts, viroid infection of fungus could occur through viroid transmission from the plant and when viroid RNAs are directly applied to fungal mycelia. These findings are relevant to our understanding of viroid replication, transmission, and pathogenicity.