bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Draft Genome Sequence of a New Vibrio Strain with the Potential To Produce Bacteriocin-Like Inhibitory Substances, Isolated from the Gut Microflora of Scallop (Argopecten purpuratus)
Authors: Serrano Wilbert , Tarazona Ulrike I. , Olaechea Raul M. , Friedrich Michael W. 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACT

A new
Vibrio
strain, V7A, was isolated from the intestinal tract of the Peruvian scallop (
Argopecten purpuratus
). Strain V7A clusters within the Mediterranei clade of the genus
Vibrio
and has the potential to produce bacteriocin-like inhibitory substances (BLIS). Here, we report the draft genome sequence of
Vibrio mediterranei
strain V7A.
Draft Genome Sequence of a “
Candidatus
Liberibacter europaeus” Strain Assembled from Broom Psyllids (Arytainilla spartiophila) from New Zealand
Authors: Frampton Rebekah A. , Thompson Sarah M. , Kalamorz Falk , David Charles , Addison Shea M. , Smith Grant R. 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACT

Here, we report the draft genome sequence of “
Candidatus
Liberibacter europaeus” ASNZ1, assembled from broom psyllids (
Arytainilla spartiophila
) from New Zealand. The assembly comprises 15 contigs, with a total length of 1.33 Mb and a G+C content of 33.5%.
Long-term effects of bariatric surgery on acute kidney injury: a propensity-matched cohort in the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink
Authors: Koppe Uwe , Nitsch Dorothea , Mansfield Kathryn E , Mathur Rohini , Bhaskaran Krishnan , Batterham Rachel L , Smeeth Liam , Douglas Ian J 
Published: May 2018

ObjectiveBariatric surgery is an effective method of weight reduction and has been associated with acute kidney injury (AKI) as a perioperative event. However, the long-term effects of the weight reduction after surgery on AKI are unknown. The objective of this study is to quantify the association of bariatric surgery with later risk of AKI.DesignThis study uses a propensity score-matched cohort of patients from the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink database with and without bariatric surgery to compare rates of AKI episodes derived from linkage to the Hospital Episode Statistics.SettingEngland, UK.ParticipantsWe included 2643 patients with bariatric surgery and 2595 patients without.ResultsResults were compatible with an increased risk of AKI in the first 30 days following surgery compared with patients without surgery, but AKI incidence was substantially decreased in patients with bariatric surgery during long-term follow-up (rate ratio 0.37, 95% CI 0.23 to 0.61) even after accounting for chronic kidney disease status at baseline. Over the whole period of follow-up, bariatric surgery had a net protective effect on risk of AKI (rate ratio 0.45, 95% CI 0.28 to 0.72).ConclusionsBariatric surgery was associated with protective effects on AKI incidence during long-term follow-up. While the risk of AKI may be increased within the first 30 days, the net effect seen was beneficial.
White matter hyperintensities and their subtypes in patients with carotid artery stenosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ye Huirong , Wang Yujie , Qiu Jianting , Wu Qing , Xu Mengmeng , Wang Jian 
Published: May 2018

ObjectiveWe aimed to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to clarify the association between white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) and carotid artery (CA) stenosis.Study designSystematic review and meta-analysis.ParticipantsCA stenosis was set at ≥50%, and WMHs were assessed by MRI and evaluated quantitatively or semiquantitatively.Data sourcesA comprehensive literature search was performed in PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane Library for studies evaluating the association between WMHs and CA stenosis ≥50% from inception to 13 September 2017.Main outcomes and measuresStandardised mean difference (SMD) with 95% CI was used to evaluate the association between WMHs and CA stenosis. Results were presented in a forest plot with a fixed-effects model or random-effects model. We assessed the quality of included studies using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Funnel plots and Egger’s and Begg’s tests were conducted to assess publication bias. Sensitivity analysis was performed to evaluate the influence of each individual study.ResultsEight studies enrolling 677 patients were included. There was a positive relationship between the total WMHs and CA stenosis, with a pooled fixed-effects SMD of 0.326 (95% CI 0.194 to 0.459, p=0.000). Heterogeneity and publication bias were low among these studies. Subgroup analysis of three studies enrolling 225 patients showed an association between periventricular WMHs and CA stenosis, with a pooled fixed-effects SMD of 0.412 (95% CI 0.202 to 0.622, p=0.000).ConclusionThis meta-analysis showed that the total WMHs and periventricular WMHs were associated with CA stenosis. WMHs may be considered as an individual risk stratification score when choosing a proper plan for therapy of CA stenosis.
Evidence of trapped claws in poultry with suffering in transit
Authors: Cranley John James 
Published: May 2018

Broilers are excluded from the protection of an antemortem inspection and Annex II.2 welfare protection. However, broilers in abattoirs are protected under EC Regulation 1099/2009, Article 14/15 and related Annex II and Annex III. Furthermore, under Annex III 1.3, birds delivered in containers must have perforated flexible floors. There are risks to welfare as 10 mm2 perforations may create a hazard for bird claw entrapment. The perforations were not defined, this may be critical, as bird claw reflexes grasp any floor bar, to stabilise themselves. Their claws may become trapped as the perforated floor gaps open and narrow while the drawer floors fluctuate, with the trailer vibration or movement. Observations confirmed that bird claws may become trapped or torn. Pressure to fill lines resulted in staff wrenching trapped vocalising birds free in a painful manner. Claw trapping in grid holes may be avoided by reducing the size/shape of grid perforations.
Internal fixation of a comminuted metacarpal fracture in a bull
Authors: Gillespie Amy , Connolly Niall , Scarabelli Stefania , Lipreri Giulia , Singer Ellen 
Published: May 2018

An 11‐month‐old pedigree Simmental bull weighing 450 kg was presented with a closed, displaced, oblique, comminuted fracture of the left metacarpal III/IV bone. The two main bone fragments were reduced using two 5.5 mm cortical screws placed in lag fashion across the oblique portion of the fracture. A 4.5 mm broad dynamic compression plate was then used to stabilise the fracture site. General anaesthesia was maintained with isoflurane in 100 per cent oxygen and multimodal analgesia during surgery was provided with a ketamine constant rate infusion and ulnar nerve block. The limb was cast for a total of 12 weeks following surgery, with one cast change carried out at four weeks postoperatively. The bull was used successfully for natural service from nine months postoperatively. The high cost of treatment means that internal fracture fixation is only commercially viable in valuable pedigree animals. Availability of facilities for anaesthetising large animals is another limiting factor.
Biological nitrogen fixation by irrigated dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) genotypes
Authors: Akter Z. , Pageni B.B. , Lupwayi N.Z. , Balasubramanian P.M. 
Published: May 2018

Dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is usually considered to be poor at biological nitrogen fixation (BNF), but large variations in this trait have been observed among bean genotypes. We evaluated 16 bean genotypes for N2 fixation ability in four N treatments: (i) uninoculated in low-N soil (30 kg N ha−1), (ii) inoculated with commercial Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. phaseoli inoculant Nitrastik-D® in low-N soil, (iii) inoculated with commercial R. leguminosarum bv. phaseoli inoculant Nodulator® in low-N soil, and (iv) uninoculated in high-N soil (100 kg N ha−1). There were differences between genotypes in all the plant parameters that were measured, but only nodulation was affected by N treatment. The 100 kg N ha−1 treatment suppressed nodulation. Seven genotypes nodulated well with either inoculant, two genotypes nodulated better with Nitrastik-D than with Nodulator, three nodulated better with Nodulator than with Nitrastik-D, and four nodulated poorly with either inoculant. Cultivars AC Redbond, Island, and Resolute, all currently commercially grown, did not fix much N2 at flowering (4–8 kg N ha−1) or maturity (19–34 kg N ha−1). By contrast, germplasm lines PI 136692 (red bean), GH-196 (pinto bean), and LEF2RB (carioca bean) had high BNF capability at flowering (10–11 kg N ha−1) and especially at maturity (60–72 kg N ha−1), in addition to high seed yield (2778–2897 kg ha−1), indicating their superior ability to support both of these economically important traits throughout plant growth. These three genotypes would be valuable to breeders for the genetic improvement of BNF in dry bean cultivars.
Phanerozoic magmatism in the Parnaíba Basin: characterization of igneous bodies (well logs and 2D seismic sections), geometry, distribution and sill emplacement patterns
Authors: Trosdtorf I. , Morais Neto J. M. , Santos S. F. , Portela Filho C. V. , Dall Oglio T. A. , Galves A. C. M. , Silva A. M. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
The Parnaíba Basin, like other Brazilian Paleozoic intracratonic basins, contains intrusive igneous bodies in its sedimentary section in the form of dykes and, mainly, thick sills. The identification of the geometry and the emplacement mechanism are important for the determination of the traps controlling gas and/or oil accumulations. A variety of models available in the literature suggests a complex relationship between the magma and the host rock. Several factors, such as the density and pressure of the magma injection, steam generation, regional and local stress fields, and the rheology of the host rock, work together controlling emplacement, expansion and the final geometry of intrusions in the sedimentary column. Well logs show a conspicuous signature (e.g. gamma-ray curve with paunchy feature) for the igneous bodies (sills). Many sills occur parallel to the bedding, generally intruding thick sections of shales along the contact of the lithostratigraphic units of the Longá-Poti, Pimenteiras-Cabeças and Tianguá-Jaicós formations. Seismic sections reveal a variety of geometries, including layer parallel, saucer-shaped, planar transgressive and fault block. By far the most common sill geometry is the layer parallel, which is able to reach up to hundreds of kilometres in extent, and has minimal thickness ranging between 2 and 5 m, and with a maximum of around 250 m.
Early Cenozoic thickening and reworking of the eastern Gangdese arc, south Tibet: constraints from the Oligocene granitoids
Authors: Ding Huixia , Zhang Zeming 
Published: May 2018

Abstract

The Cenozoic tectonic evolution of the Gangdese arc, formed by juvenile crustal growth during the Mesozoic, remains ambiguous. Here, we conducted a petrological, geochronological and geochemical study of Oligocene (32–24 Ma) granitoids with protolith ages of 57–49 and 27 Ma from the eastern Gangdese arc. Geochemically, these rocks are divided into three groups. Group I has high CaO and Sr, and low REE contents, representing plagioclase-rich cumulates. Group II contains relatively high K
2
O, Pb and REE, and low Na
2
O contents, and is crystallized from evolved magmas. Group III has relatively high Al
2
O
3
and Sr, and low MgO, Y, Yb, Cr and Ni concentrations, and is thickened lower-crust-derived adakitic rocks. The inherited zircon magmatic cores of these rocks have distinctly different

ε

Hf

(
t
)

values (−9.88 to +8.50), whereas the magmatic rims have a narrow range of

ε

Hf

(
t
)

values (−3.29 to +5.22). The Hf isotopic homogenization indicates intensive mixing of melts derived from the old and juvenile crustal materials. We concluded that the Cenozoic magmatic or sedimentary rocks were buried into the thickened lower crust and melted to generate the Oligocene granitoids, and that the Gangdese arc experienced lasting Paleogene crustal thickening and reworking.
Experimental simulation of contact metamorphism using natural quartzphyllite materials: advantages and pitfalls
Authors: Tropper Peter 
Published: May 2018

Abstract

Experimental investigations on metamorphic processes can be viewed as an alternative forward modelling approach of the pressure–temperature–composition (
P–T–X
) evolution of a rock. To obtain results as close as possible to natural observations one can use natural rocks as starting materials. The disadvantage of this method is the complex chemical compositions of the rocks and therefore these whole-rock experiments need to be evaluated not only (1) in terms of their ability to reproduce the natural observations but also (2) in their ability to reproduce theoretical calculations. In this contribution high-
T
low-
P
experiments (550–780°C and 0.15–0.6 GPa) simulating contact metamorphism of metapelites at the rims of the Permian Brixen Granite and Klausen Diorite are evaluated with respect to the points discussed above. The agreement between the experimental results and the observed mineral assemblages and mineral compositions (plagioclase, biotite) from the contact aureoles is very good. Thermodynamic testing of the experiments showed, however, a variable match between observed and calculated assemblages, ranging from satisfactory to rather poor. Finally, observed and calculated mineral compositions showed a very poor match.

Overall there is good agreement between the experiments and the natural observations, but theoretical calculations are still hampered by the complex nature of the starting materials.
Typical visual-field locations enhance processing in object-selective channels of human occipital cortex
Authors: Kaiser Daniel , Cichy Radoslaw M. 
Published: May 2018

Natural environments consist of multiple objects, many of which repeatedly occupy similar locations within a scene. For example, hats are seen on people’s heads, while shoes are most often seen close to the ground. Such positional regularities bias the distribution of objects across the visual field: hats are more often encountered in the upper visual field, while shoes are more often encountered in the lower visual field. Here we tested the hypothesis that typical visual field locations of objects facilitate cortical processing. We recorded functional MRI while participants viewed images of objects that were associated with upper or lower visual field locations. Using multivariate classification, we show that object information can be more successfully decoded from response patterns in object-selective lateral occipital cortex (LO) when the objects are presented in their typical location (e.g., shoe in the lower visual field) than when they are presented in an atypical location (e.g., shoe in the upper visual field). In a functional connectivity analysis, we relate this benefit to increased coupling between LO and early visual cortex, suggesting that typical object positioning facilitates information propagation across the visual hierarchy. Together these results suggest that object representations in occipital visual cortex are tuned to the structure of natural environments. This tuning may support object perception in spatially structured environments. NEW & NOTEWORTHY In the real world, objects appear in predictable spatial locations. Hats, commonly appearing on people’s heads, often fall into the upper visual field. Shoes, mostly appearing on people’s feet, often fall into the lower visual field. Here we used functional MRI to demonstrate that such regularities facilitate cortical processing: Objects encountered in their typical locations are coded more efficiently, which may allow us to effortlessly recognize objects in natural environments.
In Vitro Priming of Adoptively Transferred T Cells with a RORγ Agonist Confers Durable Memory and Stemness In Vivo
Authors: Hu Xiao , Majchrzak Kinga , Liu Xikui , Wyatt Megan M. , Spooner Chauncey J. , Moisan Jacques , Zou Weiping , Carter Laura L. , Paulos Chrystal M. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Adoptive T-cell transfer therapy is an FDA- approved treatment for leukemia that relies on the ex vivo expansion and reinfusion of a patient's immune cells, which can be engineered with a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) for more efficient tumor recognition. Type 17 T cells, controlled transcriptionally by RORγ, have been reported to mediate potent antitumor effects superior to those observed with conventionally expanded T cells. Here, we demonstrate that addition of a synthetic, small-molecule RORγ agonist during ex vivo expansion potentiates the antitumor activity of human Th17 and Tc17 cells redirected with a CAR. Likewise, ex vivo use of this agonist bolstered the antitumor properties of murine tumor-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Expansion in the presence of the RORγ agonist enhanced IL17A production without compromising IFNγ secretion in vitro. In vivo, cytokine neutralization studies revealed that IFNγ and IL17A were required to regress murine melanoma tumors. The enhanced antitumor effect of RORγ agonist treatment was associated with recovery of more donor T cells in the tumor and spleen; these cells produced elevated levels of cytokines months after infusion and expressed markers of long-lived stem and central memory cells such as Tcf7 and CD62L. Conversely, untreated cells mainly exhibited effector phenotypes in the tumor. Cured mice previously treated with agonist-primed T cells were protected from tumor rechallenge. Collectively, our work reveals that in vitro treatment with a RORγ agonist generates potent antitumor Type 17 effector cells that persist as long-lived memory cells in vivo.
Significance: RORγ agonists can be used in vitro during T-cell expansion to enhance the efficacy of adoptive cell therapy (e.g., CAR-T) and to provide long-term protection against tumors.
Graphical Abstract: http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/canres/78/14/3888/F1.large.jpg. Cancer Res; 78(14); 3888–98. ©2018 AACR.
Targeting the IDH2 Pathway in Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Amaya Maria L. , Pollyea Daniel A. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is an aggressive disease with a poor prognosis. A large percentage of patients succumb to this disease in spite of aggressive treatments with chemotherapy. Recent advances with mutational analysis led to the discovery of isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutations in AML. IDH2 is an enzyme that catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of isocitrate to α-ketoglutarate; its mutated version leads to the accumulation of the oncometabolite (R)-2 hydroxyglutarate, which disrupts several cell processes and leads to a blockage in differentiation. Targeting IDH2 is compelling, as it is an early and stable mutation in AML. Enasidenib, a specific small-molecule inhibitor of IDH2, recently gained FDA approval for the treatment of patients with relapsed/refractory IDH2-mutated AML. In this review, we will focus on the indications and efficacy of enasidenib in the treatment of patients with IDH2-mutated AML. Clin Cancer Res; 24(20); 4931–6. ©2018 AACR.
Comprehensive Multicenter Study of the Common Isthmus in Post–Atrial Fibrillation Ablation Multiple-Loop Atrial Tachycardia
Authors: Takigawa Masateru , Derval Nicolas , Maury Philippe , Martin Ruairidh , Denis Arnaud , Miyazaki Shinsuke , Yamashita Seigo , Frontera Antonio , Vlachos Konstantinos , Kitamura Takeshi , Cheniti Ghassen , Massoullieé Greégoire , Thompson Nathaniel , Martin Claire A. , Wolf Michael , Pillois Xavier , Duchateau Josselin , Klotz Nicolas , Duparc Alexandre , Rollin Anne , Pambrun Thomas , Sacher Frédéric , Cochet Hubert , Hocini Mélèze , Haïssaguerre Michel , Jaïs Pierre 
Published: May 2018

Background:
Characteristics of multiple-loop atrial tachycardia (AT) circuits have never precisely examined.

Methods:
In 193 consecutive post–atrial fibrillation ablation patients with AT, 44 multiple-loop ATs including 42 dual-loop AT and 2 triple-loop AT in 41 (21.2%) were diagnosed with the high-resolution mapping system and analyzed off-line.

RESULTS:

In dual-loop ATs, 3 types were identified: type M, a combination of 2 anatomic macroreentrant ATs (AMATs) in 19 (43.2%); type MN, with 1 AMAT and 1 non-AMAT in 12 (27.3%); and type N with 2 non-AMATs in 11 (25.0%). The remaining 2 triple-loop ATs (4.5%) were a combination of perimitral-, roof-dependent-, and non-AMAT. At least 1 AMAT was included in 33 (75.0%), and 1 non-AMAT in 25 (56.8%). Of the ATs with at least 1 non-AMAT circuit, a pulmonary vein formed part of the circuit in 16/25 (64.0%). The length of the common isthmus was 3.6±1.4 cm in type M, 1.6±0.7 cm in type MN, and 1.1±0.7 cm in type N (
P
<0.0001). The area of the common isthmus was 12.92±7.68, 2.46±1.53, and 0.90±0.81 cm
2
, in Type M, MN, and N (
P
<0.0001). The narrowest width of the common isthmus was 1.8±0.7 cm, 1.1±0.3 cm, and 0.7±0.3 cm in type M, MN, and N (
P
<0.0001), respectively. The electrograms in the common isthmus showed longer duration and lower voltage in type N, type MN, and type M (duration: 106±25 ms, 87±27 ms, and 69±27 ms;
P
=0.006; and voltage: 0.06±0.02 mV, 0.22±0.21 mV, and 0.57±0.50 mV;
P
<0.0001), respectively.

Conclusions:
Multiple-loop ATs are complex, frequently including anatomic circuits. They have specific characteristics determined by the combination of AMAT and non-AMAT.
Lingual Thyroid Carcinoma: A Case Report and Review of Surgical Approaches in the Literature
Authors: Stokes William , Interval Eric , Patel Rusha 
Published: May 2018

Introduction: Lingual thyroid cancer is a rare entity with a paucity of literature guiding methods of surgical treatment. Its location presents anatomic challenges with access and excision. Objective: We present a case of T4aN1b classical variant papillary thyroid carcinoma of the lingual thyroid that was removed without pharyngeal entry. We also present a review of the literature of this rare entity and propose a treatment algorithm to provide safe and oncologic outcomes. Findings: Our review of the literature found 28 case reports of lingual thyroid carcinoma that met search criteria. The trans-cervical/trans-hyoid approach was the most frequently used and provides safe oncologic outcomes. This was followed by the transoral approach and then lateral pharyngotomy. Complications reported across the series include 1 case of pharyngocutaneous fistula associated with mandibulotomy and postoperative respiratory distress requiring reintubation or emergent tracheostomy in 2 patients. Conclusion: The location of lingual thyroid carcinoma can be variable, and surgical management requires knowledge of adjacent involved structures to decrease the risk of dysphagia and airway compromise. In particular, for cases where there is extensive loss to swallowing mechanisms, laryngeal suspension can allow the patient to resume a normal diet after treatment.