bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Uma proposta de descrição do sistema de MENSAGEM na organização funcional discurso
Authors: Figueredo Giacomo Patrocinio 
Published: July 2019

Este artigo investiga as funções linguísticas responsáveis pela organização textual do discurso. Mais especificamente, descreve o sistema semântico-discursivo de mensagem, o qual responde pelo gerenciamento da produção e acúmulo de significado no texto. Para tanto, explora a estrutura do discurso tendo como ponto de partida a relação entre esse e a gramática oracional que o realiza. Em seguida, descreve cada opção do sistema, bem como a forma como opera ao longo do fluxo textual, e assim assumindo valor nas relações que estabelece frente a outras opções. Para promover a descrição, utilizou-se o português brasileiro como língua de investigação. Um corpus com 100 mil tokens foi compilado com base na tipologia da língua no contexto de cultura. Os textos foram analisados segundo a manifestação estrutural, relações funcionais entre opções sistêmicas, e o significado gerado pela organização discursiva das mensagens. Ao final, o artigo mostra como as diferentes opções de mensagempré-selecionam funções na gramática, fazendo com que cada mensagem seja contextualizada, incorporando-se ao texto de forma a dar algum direcionamento à fase a qual pertence. O artigo mostra ainda o potencial sistêmico pelo qual diferentes tipos de texto determinam opções distintas na gramática e semântica textuais.
MODEL LATIHAN JATUHAN PADA ATLET JUDO UNTUK PEMULA
Authors: Haqqo Nuâ€™man Aji 
Published: July 2019

Tujuan penelitian dan pengembangan Mengembangkan dan menerapkan model latihan jatuhan pada Atlet Judo untuk Pemula, Penelitian dan pengembangan ini menggunakan metode penelitian pengembangan Research & Development (R & D) dari Borg and Gall. Subyek dalam penelitian dan pengembangan ini adalah diperuntukkan untuk atlet judo yang Pemula. Analisis data diperoleh nilai rata-rata data 4 model latihan jatuhan pada atlet judo untuk pemula layak dan efektif untuk meningkatkan jatuhan pada atlet pemula. Dalam uji signifikasi didapat dari data 4 teknik bahwa selisih dari pre test dan post tes jatuhan belakang dari berdiri (1) Tes 0.00 < 0.05 . (2) Tes jatuhan depan dari berdiri : 0.00 < 0.05 (3) Tes jatuhan mengelinding ke depan : 0.01 < 0.05 (4) Tes jatuhan kesamping kanan-kiri : 0.00 < 0.05. Dari data tersebut menunjukan terdapat perbedaan yang signifikasi antara sebelum dan sesudah adanya pengaruh perlakuan model latihan jatuhan pada atlet judo untuk pemula dan dapat meningkatkan jatuhan atlet judo.
ÖĞRENCİLERİN TOPLUMSAL CİNSİYET ALGILARINI ETKİLEYEN DEMOGRAFİK NİTELİKLERİN BELİRLENMESİNE YÖNELİK BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: ÖZDEMİR Lütfiye , BATGA Burcu , UÇAR Bekir 
Published: July 2019

Cinsiyet bireyin biyolojik yönünü ifade etmektedir; ancak bireyin içinde doğduğu toplum tarafından cinsiyete yüklenen anlamlar toplumsal cinsiyeti beraberinde getirmektedir. Cinsiyete yüklenen kültürel anlam ve beklentiler, kadın ve erkeğin iş hayatında, evde, siyasette, sokakta nasıl davranması ve hangi rolleri üstlenmesi gerektiğine dair kalıpyargıları da oluşturmaktadır. Toplumsal cinsiyete yüklenen anlamlar özellikle kadınlar açısından bazı eşitsizlikleri ortaya çıkarmaktadır. Üniversite öğrencilerinin toplumsal cinsiyete bakış açılarının kalıpyargılardan uzaklaştırılması gelecek nesiller açısından önem arz etmektedir. Bu noktadan hareketle çalışmanın temel amacı İnönü Üniversitesi İİBF’de birinci sınıfta okuyan öğrencilerin toplumsal cinsiyet algılarını etkileyen demografik niteliklerini belirlemektir. Bu bağlamda araştırmanın evrenini İnönü Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi’nde birinci sınıfta okuyan öğrenciler oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak 5’li likert ölçeğine göre hazırlanmış "Toplumsal Cinsiyet Rolleri Tutum Ölçeği” ve demografik niteliklerle ilgili soruların yer aldığı bir anket formu kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada 676 öğrenciden veri elde edilmiş olup bu veriler SPSS programı kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Öncelikle ölçeğin güvenilir olup olmadığı Cronbach’s Alpha testi ile değerlendirilmiştir. Öğrencilerin toplumsal cinsiyet algılamalarını etkileyen demografik nitelikleri belirlemek amacıyla Çoklu Regresyon Analizi kullanılmış ve bu analiz sonucunda demografik niteliklerin tamamının hangi oranda toplumsal cinsiyet algısı üzerinde etkili olduğu saptanmıştır. Analiz sonuçlarına göre tüm modeller anlamlı çıkmıştır.
Production of Calcareous Nannofossil Ooze For Sedimentological Experiments
Authors: Buls Toms , Anderskouv Kresten , Fabricius Ida L. , Friend Patrick L. , Thompson Charlotte E.L. , Stemmerik Lars 
Published: July 2019

Abstract: The notion of fine-grained pelagic carbonates as uniform, monotonous sequences of sediments settled in a quiescent environment has been challenged over the past few decades. Fine-grained pelagic carbonates can undergo substantial reworking after their first deposition, as illustrated by an abundance of sedimentary structures, such as drifts, moats, sediment waves, and channels documented in the Upper Cretaceous Chalk Group of NW Europe. Despite chalk being a major hydrocarbon reservoir rock of the North Sea, surprisingly little is known about the physical behavior of the pelagic carbonate sediment from which the chalk formed—calcareous nannofossil ooze. This poses a serious challenge to the understanding of the depositional system and the properties of facies distribution. Experimental tests, such as those performed in laboratory flumes, are necessary to provide empirical data on this subject. However, the use of modern calcareous nannofossil ooze as an analogue for Cretaceous ooze is associated with a number of disadvantages such as generally higher noncarbonate content and smaller coccolith size of modern oozes. Here, we document a preparation method for the production of calcareous nannofossil ooze for the purpose of physical experiments, based on disaggregation of Upper Cretaceous chalk through repeated freezing and thawing. We further document the textural characteristics of the ooze compared to the original chalk, based on quantitative backscatter scanning electron image analysis, laser diffraction granulometry, and smear slides. The Upper Cretaceous chalk chosen for disaggregation is highly friable due to delicate contact cement and has a low noncarbonate content (< 2 wt %), a high porosity, friability, and good nannofossil and microfossil preservation. These characteristics allowed an effective disaggregation of the chalk matrix into its basic nannofossil and microfossil components, which show good preservation through the disaggregation process. Textural analysis of chalk used for disaggregation and the produced ooze shows no significant differences between the two, thus validating the use of the freeze–thaw method for production of experimental ooze to model the basic depositional behavior of Cretaceous chalk.
Depositional Cycles in a Lower Cretaceous Limestone Reservoir, Onshore Abu Dhabi, U.A.E.
Authors: Ehrenberg Stephen N. , Lokier Stephen W. , Yaxin Liu , Chen Rulin 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe upper reservoir zone of the Lower Cretaceous Kharaib Formation (46–54 m thick in the studied wells) is regarded as the upper portion of a third-order depositional sequence comprising higher-order cycles. Whereas the third-order sequence interpretation is clearly supported by the upward-shoaling trend of the reservoir zone, relationships defining the component cycles have not previously been documented and are the focus of the present study. Core descriptions from four wells in a single oilfield reveal little evidence of facies changes or trends of facies patterns indicative of high-frequency depositional cycles. Cycle boundaries could possibly be represented by the repetitive pattern of coarse beds (rudstone and floatstone) 0.1–2 m thick, commonly having sharp basal contacts and gradational upper contacts with enclosing packstone to wackestone. Because the coarse beds do not appear correlative between wells, however, we prefer the alternative interpretation that they reflect episodic storm events which locally redistributed detritus, sourced from a patchwork of low-relief lithosomes, across the flat surface of the epeiric Kharaib platform–lagoon. Although the existence of high-order eustatic fluctuations during upper Kharaib deposition is well established, low-amplitude variations in water depth may not have touched down on the sea floor to significantly affect sediment textures in contrast with the dominant storm signal.Reservoir sub-zones used for production operations, but previously suggested to be fourth-order parasequence sets, are defined by dips in porosity-log profiles, reflecting thin (approximately 1 m) intervals of increased stylolite frequency. These boundaries are thus diagenetic in character, but their correlation over tens to hundreds of kilometers indicates an underlying depositional control. We suggest that the link between sea level and diagenesis is depositional-clay content, which facilitates stylolitic dissolution. Profiles of bulk-rock alumina analyses in the studied cores show subtle indications of higher clay content at the sub-zone tops. Much greater clay peaks mark the third-order sequence boundaries, resulting in the “dense” (very low porosity) zones above and below the studied reservoir zone and the increased stylolite frequency in the upper and lower several meters of the zone. Possible factors promoting clay influx across a carbonate shelf during falls in sea level include increased stream gradients and more humid climate.
Landslide Interpretation of the Northeast Flank of Kohala Volcano, Hawaii
Authors: Bishop Kim M. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe Hawaiian Island volcanic edifices have shed at least 15 giant submarine landslides, each classified as either a slump or debris avalanche. Controversy exists regarding the number, size, and type of landslides on the northeast flank of Kohala Volcano. This study provides a new interpretation for the Kohala flank based on contour and balanced cross-section analysis. Specifically, contours indicate that there is a landslide extending from the summit to the coast between Pololu and Waipio Valleys. The contour evidence also shows that the slide plane is planar and dips less steeply than the topographic slope. Balanced cross sections show the slide plane to be approximately 950 m deep immediately downhill from the zone of depletion, and the slide plane presumably reaches the surface at the base of the coastal cliffs on the northeast coast of Kohala mountain. The lower part of the landslide once extended from the coast to approximately 10 km offshore, but this portion now has been completely removed, apparently as a debris avalanche. Removal of this distal landslide mass created a 200 to 450 m headwall that is now topographically represented by sea cliffs. This newly identified slide/debris avalanche is informally named the “Kohala landslide.” Based on cross-cutting relations of landslide faults with Hawi series lava flows, the upper slide part of the landslide moved sometime between 270 and 60 ka. The age of the lower, debris avalanche part is even less certain and depends on whether canyons cut in the seafloor after the avalanche movement were eroded in the subaerial or submarine environment.
Stabilization Behavior and Performance of Loess Using a Novel Biomass-based Polymeric Soil Stabilizer
Authors: Pu Shengyan , Hou Yaqi , Ma Jin , Zou Yan , Xu Liu , Shi Qingqing , Qian Sijia , Pei Xiangjun 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
Serious soil erosion can endanger human survival and sustainable development. Therefore, simple and highly efficient soil stabilizers that can be used to treat loess soil, which has poor water stability and easily disintegrates, are a topic of concern for researchers. In this work, a biomass-based polymeric soil stabilizer (CXZ) was prepared using a “green” strategy with polymerization of carboxymethyl cellulose and xanthan gum. A direct shear test, unconfined compressive strength properties, water stability, and erosion resistance were systematically investigated to test the stabilization performance. The stabilizer agglomerated small loess particles into large aggregates through “coating” and “weaving” effects to increase the cohesion, water stability, and erosion resistance significantly, as demonstrated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope. Furthermore, in a 30-day growth experiment, the number of alfalfa plants and the plant height in stabilized loess both increased with the increase in CXZ stabilizer concentration. This work provides insight into a novel biomass-based soil-curing agent, broadening its applications in loess remediation and soil erosion control.
Proposed Improvements To Analytical Models of Anchored Retaining Walls
Authors: Zohra Benamara Fatima , Lazhar Belabed , Ammar Rouaiguia 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
Anchored retaining walls are restraining walls constructed using anchors to achieve the highest stiffness possible within economic considerations. Anchor length estimation has an important role in the study of the stability of anchored retaining walls. The purpose of this study was to investigate the anchor length using different proposed failure models and Kranz's classic model. In addition, several parametric studies were conducted to find reliable results in the stability analysis of retaining anchored walls with the aim of obtaining stable and shorter anchor lengths. A numerical study was carried out using Geo4 and Plaxis 8.6 software on the same standard profile as analytically studied so as to validate the proposed mechanical models. The failure models proposed in this work are shown to be a useful tool for obtaining stable and shorter anchor lengths for anchored retaining walls.
Application of Hydraulic Flushing in Coal Seams To Reduce Hazardous Outbursts in the Mengjin Mine, China
Authors: Jiang Jingyu , Yang Weihua , Cheng Yuanping , Lv Baomin , Zhang Kai , Zhao Ke 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Hydraulic fracturing and waterjet slotting fracturing have been demonstrated to be effective in creating artificial fractures and stimulating gas production in hard coal seams. However, these methods are inefficient for soft-outburst coal seams because these created fractures are short and easy to close. To eliminate the outburst risk of soft coals, a novel enhanced coalbed methane under-panel cross-strata drainage technique via hydraulic flushing was proposed in this work. The hydraulic flushing effects of boreholes of different sizes in the coal seam were also pre-evaluated by a simulation approach. The modeling results indicate that as the radius of the borehole increases, the plastic and stress-decreasing zone expands. A field test was also conducted in the Minjin mine, China, that investigated the gas pressure variation between three monitoring boreholes at different distances from a hydraulic flushing borehole. Test results indicate that the effective influence radius of gas extraction is approximately 5.5 m. Based on the results of the field test and borehole camera observation, the unloaded coal quantity and the average diameter of the boreholes were estimated to be 8.0 t and 942 mm, respectively. The borehole diameter expanded up to 10 times larger than its original size. The average gas extraction concentration and gas flow rate increased by approximately 2 and 3.5 times, respectively, demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed hydraulic flushing in improving the gas extraction efficiency. The hydraulic flushing technique therefore is proved to be efficient in eliminating the outburst risk of coal and reducing greenhouse gas emissions.
Optimizing Digital Elevation Model Resolution Inputs and Number of Stream Gauges in Geographic Information System Predictions of Flood Inundation: a Case Study Along the Illinois River, Usa
Authors: Rabie Anas , Peterson Eric , Kostelnick John , Rowley Rex 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Spatial analysis using Geographic Information Systems (GISs) is evaluated for its ability to predict the potential hazard of a flood event in the Illinois River region in the state of Illinois. The data employed in the analysis are available to the public from trusted organizations such as the Illinois State Geological Survey and the U.S. Geological Survey. Since available GIS data may be limited for flood risk modeling in some parts of the world, the purposes of this study are to examine the use of spatial analysis in a GIS to determine flood inundation risk and to produce an accurate flood inundation vulnerability map employing the least amount of data. This study concentrates on areas that have stream gauge data with definable flood stage(s) and utilizes the inverse distance weighted interpolation method on different digital elevation models (DEMs) with different spatial resolutions (1 m, 10 m, and 30 m) to determine the extent of flooding over the study area. Resulting maps created for the Illinois River region yielded about 80 percent agreement with the effects of an actual flood event on the Illinois River near Peoria, IL, on April 23, 2013. A four-gauge distribution scenario using a 10-m DEM produced the most accurate results, but all scenarios generated reasonable flood simulation. Thus, we speculate that it is possible to create a flood prediction map with a reasonable amount of accuracy using only two initial input data layers: stream gauges and a DEM.
Qualitative Rock Wedge Stability Evaluation Performed For Foundation of Green Peter Dam, Oregon
Authors: Loar Todd N. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Green Peter Dam is a concrete gravity structure located in west-central Oregon on the Middle Santiam River within the Willamette Valley Basin. A risk assessment for the project identified continuous and adversely oriented low-angled shear zones underlying portions of the foundation that could potentially facilitate sliding instability of one or more monoliths during earthquake loading. Conceptually, a potential foundation rock wedge could be formed with a shear zone as its sliding surface and joints as the side planes. This wedge, which would otherwise be stable under static conditions, could feasibly be displaced and/or shifted during seismic ground shaking, resulting in significant structural damage and/or breach of the dam. A qualitative evaluation was performed to characterize the geomechanical conditions and geometry of movement (i.e., kinematics) of the dam-foundation system associated with rock wedges. The study revealed that wedges could indeed be formed by adversely oriented and intersecting rock mass discontinuities. The qualitative evaluation concluded that the displacement geometry and geologic conditions in the foundation collectively suggest that the wedges would likely be stable under even large probabilistic seismic loading. While no concrete dams are known to have failed due to seismic loading, an increased knowledge of higher seismicity in the Pacific Northwest region warranted a careful evaluation to ensure that the risks of foundation rock wedge deformation are well characterized, and that our level of confidence in the available data is acceptable to better constrain the potential risk posed by this failure mode. This paper summarizes the background, findings, and results of the preliminary and qualitative dam-foundation system stability evaluation that was performed for Green Peter Dam.
Lessons Learned from Usace Seepage Barrier Wall Construction: Wolf Creek To Present
Authors: Hlepas Georgette , Bateman Vanessa 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) maintains a lessons-learned goal for all major projects to capture knowledge gained. The focus of the formal lessons-learned process is to share knowledge and experience nationwide improving USACE contracting methodologies, reducing overall costs, and improving designs. This continuous improvement can be seen in the evolution of USACE barrier wall construction designs and contracting methods. From the first Wolf Creek Dam barrier wall installed in the 1970s to the more recent Bolivar and East Branch Dam barrier wall projects, documentation and sharing of lessons learned in areas such as grouting, data management, and quality assurance procedures have increased the efficiency and effectiveness of barrier wall designs, monitoring, and contract specifications. Contractual philosophy, use of pre-grouting treatment, verification methods, and data management processes have all changed due to lessons learned and have enabled the USACE to improve the overall end product of barrier wall projects.
Failure of the Alexander Dam Embankment and Reconstruction Using Drainage Mitigation On Kauai, Hawaii, 1930–1932
Authors: Cato Kerry D. , Rogers J. David 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAlexander Dam is a hydraulic fill earth dam and the second-highest embankment dam in Hawaii, having been built in 1929–1932 on the south side of the Hawaiian island of Kauai to provide irrigation for McBryde Sugar Company Ltd. It was constructed across Wahiawa Stream mauka (Hawaiian for “stream that comes from the mountains,” literally “toward the mountains”), upstream of Kalaheo, to store 800 million gallons (5 million m3) of water to irrigate sugarcane fields. The embankment dam was intended to have a maximum height of 125 ft (38 m), a crest length of 620 ft (189 m), and a maximum base thickness of 640 ft (195 m). The total design volume was 580,000 yd3 (443,120 m3) and consisted of hydraulic fill sluiced to the dam site and supporting shell material. On March 23, 1930, a 60-ft- (18.3-m) wide section of the core pool suddenly dropped ∼30 ft (9.1 m) and moved downstream, rapidly draining the core pool and enlarging the mass. The embankment was at a height of 95 ft (29 m) and 78 percent complete when the failure occurred. The failure occurred so quickly that it killed six workers and injured two others on the downstream face. The volume of slide debris was ∼275,000 yd3 (210,100 m3). Thirty feet (9.1 m) of the embankment's core stood near vertical after the failure, leading engineers to believe that the materials making up the downstream shell had consolidated sufficiently to inhibit internal drainage. The embankment was rebuilt by emplacing a 40-ft- (12.2-m) high rock buttress across the downstream toe, widening the downstream shell, and installing tile drains to facilitate internal drainage. The retrofitted structure was completed in December 1932 and remains in service some 85 years later.
GET: A Function for Preferential Site Selection of Additional Borehole Drilling
Authors: HASSANIPAK A.A. , SHARAFODIN M. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The essential aims of additional borehole drilling are to improve the reliability of grade and tonnage estimates in each reserve class and to increase ore tonnages. The “GET” function presented in this paper considers strategies for achieving both of these goals simultaneously, and therefore is advantageous for selecting sites for additional boreholes. The “GET” function is either a linear or a non-linear product of three variables G, E, and T: f(G,E,T,) = GαEβTγ where the values of any or all of the exponents α, β, and γ may differ from unity at the discretion of the user. G and E are the average estimated block grade and the average estimation error for ore blocks in one vertical column, and T is the compounded ore thickness within the column. To illustrate its utility, the GET function has been used for determination of the most advantageous sites for additional drilling in the Shah-Kuh Pb-Zn deposit in west central Iran.