bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of neural networks in object recognition tasks for ADAS systems
Authors: Ziyatdinov R R , Biktimirov R A 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Modern driver assistance systems (ADAS) require an environmental recognition function to inform the driver and for making management decisions. Neural networks are used to select and recognize objects in such systems. The paper presents the results of comparative analysis of various neural networks in object recognition problems. Experimental data showed that convolutional neural networks show the best results in recognition problems.
Performance-based seismic evaluation methods for the estimation of inelastic deformation demands
Authors: Zubritskiy M A , Ushakov O Y , Sabitov L S 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The article presents experimental research and comparison of two performance-based seismic evaluation methods: nonlinear static procedure (NSP) / pushover analysis (PoA) and nonlinear time history analysis. It is established that nonlinear static procedure is good enough for prediction of plastic hinges localization, but difference between methods results is more than 15 % with a lack of seismic resistance.
Account for the contribution of higher modes under system seismic resistance estimation by nonlinear static method
Authors: Zubritskiy M A , Ushakov O Y , Sabitov L S 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The article presents higher modes accounting method under estimation of system seismic resistance by nonlinear static method. As part of the study, in order to verify the proposed method for finding the inertial forces modified system a complex of dynamic and static calculations was performed. It is established that proposed inertial forces modified system can significantly reduce system seismic resistance lack.
The process control for improving the durability of the cutting edge of the teeth of the cutter at their recovery
Authors: Zvezdin V V , Hisamutdinov R M , Rakhimov R R , Saubanov R R , Israfilov I H 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The features of the technology of laser deposition of wear-resistant powders on the cutting edge of the cutter tooth with control of the positioning of the focus of laser radiation are considered. The stabilization of the parameters of the laser technological complex and the positioning of the focus of the laser radiation makes it possible to increase the efficiency of the technological process of restoring the instrument, with its specified quality indicators.
Physical and mechanical properties of fiber reinforced gypsum-based composite
Authors: Mukhametrakhimov R Kh , Lukmanova L V , Gilmanshin I R 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Formulations of effective gypsum-fiber and gypsum-cement-fiber materials modified with active mineral additives and superplasticizer have been developed in the present experimental work. The influence of the type and length of reinforcing polypropylene fiber, the conditions of hardening and molding on the physical and mechanical properties of the specimens was studied.
Investigation of mechanical properties of fiber-cement board reinforced with cellulosic fibers
Authors: Lukmanova L V , Mukhametrakhimov R Kh , Gilmanshin I R 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The article presents experimental research on the development of the optimal composition of cement-fibrous composite material for the manufacture of autoclaved fiber-cement boards with high physical, mechanical and economic parameters. The effect of the cement-sand ratio of the matrix, the specific surface area of the sand and the cellulosic fibers content on the physical and technical properties of the material is shown. It is established that the optimum cement-sand ratio of the matrix associated with a specific surface area of quartz sand 310 m2/kg is 1:2. The optimal content of cellulosic fibers according to the criterion of increasing the strength is 5-7.5%.
Numerical analyses on seismic behavior of helical concrete columns
Authors: Al-habbobi Alaa M 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This paper presents the behavior of the helical reinforced concrete columns (HCC) subjected to horizontal 2D seismic motion excitation combined with the static axial load. Helical concrete columns are new types of elements which arose in the new twisted buildings, providing a special geometry by twisting the top section by an angle (ϕ), furthermore, offsetting the top section by a considerable distance respecting to the bottom section. In order to study seismic behavior of the HCC under a seismic load of the short period using finite element software, numerical simulation is carried out in this paper using ANSYS V 18.1 software. A brief comparison of the HCC behavior was made between different cases of conventional reinforcement in the longitudinal and transverse directions, as well as the different twisting angles (ϕ) of column sections. The comparison illustrated that all columns response with giving the same mode shapes of vibration in the modal analysis with different values of natural frequencies and relative amplitude deformations. However, the difference be very noticeable when changing the section size of the columns comparably with changing the twisting angles of the section, where increasing the section size of HCC from 250 mm to 400 mm cause increase the natural frequency by 55.4% for second mode shape, while it cause decreasing the relative amplitude response of HCC by 52.5% for sixth mode shape. The transient analysis of the six types of HCC excited by horizontal 2D seismic motion indicates the tendency of HCC to increase its responses, like twisting and buckling deformations. The deform shape-time history of 6 HCC demonstrated that with increasing (shear stress path section distance) S of HCC column which depends up on (ϕ value), the top section would have less stresses.
Improvement of Multi-Lane Airport Highway in Baghdad-Iraq
Authors: Jrew Basim , Hadi Ahmed 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Transportation industry is basically a service sector component. It is a great importance for traffic engineers and planners to understand and evaluate the quality of service provided by transport facilities. Highway Capacity Manual (HCM), with all its revisions since 1950, is the pioneer document in this area. It quantifies the concept of capacity for a transport facility and lays the foundations for estimating the level of service (LOS) being provided by that facility to its users. This study is an engineering project management. It is about evaluation and improving multi-lane highways in Iraq. The research study was conducted on one main multi-lane airport highway in Baghdad, including: Al- Dora intersection to Al- Rashid interchanges, where this highway is considered as a major highway with high traffic volume in Iraq. HCS-2010 program software was used to evaluate and improve the level of service and traffic conditions for the highway for existing conditions (year of the study-2018) and short-term conditions (2023). The evaluation shows that all segments are operating at LOS E or LOS F for existing conditions, short-term conditions. The segments that operated at LOS E or LOS F for existing, short-term and mid-term conditions improvements are suggested by modifying the geometric and traffic conditions and changing the highway to a freeway facility; in order to operate at better LOS. A management flow diagram was prepared for decision makers to be a guide for future planning programs.
Punching shear behaviour of solid and bubble reinforced light Weight aggregate concrete two-way slabs
Authors: habeeb Maha , Al-Azzawi Adel A , Al- Zwainy faiq 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Punching shear is the most important problem in flat slabs, which usually required reducing the self-weight of the slab. A lightweight concrete as well as the bubble deck technology were used to allow for lighter self-weight of the structure. This study aims to investigate the use of lightweight aggregate concrete (LWAC) with the bubble deck technology in flat slab. The behavior of two- way LWAC voided slab (with and without shear reinforcement) under punching shear effect with respect to solid normal weight and solid LWAC specimen were studded. The behavior of six specimens having the same dimensions, slab thickness and flexural steel reinforcement were studded. The main changed variables were concrete type, percent of void and punching shear reinforcement existence. The results show that the load carrying capacity for light weight aggregate concrete voided slab without shear reinforcement decreased by (60%, 53%) with respect to solid normal weight and solid LWAC slabs without shear reinforcement respectively. In addition, the load carrying capacity for LWAC voided slab with shear reinforcement decrease by (67%, 47%) with respect to solid normal weight, solid LWAC slabs with shear reinforcement respectively. Also, for lightweight aggregate concrete, solid and voided slab, shear reinforcement existence did not significantly increase the slab capacity for punching shear. But cause a reduction in maximum deflection with respect to slabs without shear reinforcement.
Structural Behavior of Eccentrically Loaded R.C. Columns under Fire Temperature Loading
Authors: Kadhim A H , Rasheed M M , Jarallah H K 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The main goal of this research paper is to investigate the response of the RC rectangular columns under loading simultaneously exposed to fire by using experimental study. The number of test columns were seventeenth columns. The dimension for these columns was 1600mm for length and 150mmx150mm for the cross-section. The columns were tested under axial load with two different types of eccentricity 60 mm 100mm, while the third type of loading is tested as a beam. The eccentric compression load was applied by using top and bottom cap with a column bracket. The eccentric load was applied simultaneously with fire. The test was performed under a high temperature of (400°C, 600°C, and 900°C) on the side of a compression face. At each temperature burning, cooling by two techniques of cooling, and normal cooling (by open air) and fast cooling (by direct water). The experimental results show decreasing in ultimate load capacity with increasing of temperature burning, ultimate load, load-deflection curve, strain profile, neutral axis, moment-curvature, and ductility.
Effect of Embedment Depth on Raft Foundation Settlement Under Seismic Load
Authors: A Hanash Abeer A , Ahmed Mahmoud D , Said Abdulmotalib I 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Dynamic loads highly influence soil properties and may cause real damage to structures and buildings. This article reports the experimental results from 24 tests to study the settlement of flexible and rigid raft foundation with different embedment depth rested on dense sandy soil. A small scale building model of dimension 200*200 mm and 320 mm in height was performed with reinforced concrete raft foundation of 10 mm thickness for flexible raft and 23 mm for rigid raft, The shaking table technique was used to simulate the seismic effect, the shaker was sat to give three different excitation frequencies 1,2,and3 Hz and displacement amplitude equal to 13 mm, the foundation was placed at four different embedment depths (0,0.25B=50mm,0.5B=100mm, and B=200mm), where B is the raft side length. The results of the tests indicate that the foundation embedment have a positive effect for its ability to minimize the settlement for both flexible and rigid raft foundation and for all the excitation frequencies.
Effect of Hybrid Polypropylene - Carbon Fiber on Self-Compacting Mortar
Authors: Ali Muataz Ibrahim , Jabbar Jamel Asmaa Abdul , Ahmad Ahmed Mohammed , Ali Anwer Muneer 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The present work, aims to improve the properties of fresh and hardened self-compact mortar (SCM) containing hybrid Polypropylene-carbon fiber. The hybrid fiber added as a percentage 0.1%, 0.5% and 1% by volume of self-compact mortar, five different mixture of 100-0%, 70-30%, 50-50%, 30-70% and 0-100% for every fibers ratios (Polypropylene to carbon). The effect of hybrid fiber on some physical and mechanical properties of (SCM) was also investigated as a compressive strength and modulus of rupture, which was examined at ages of 28 days. Results showed that the best added of hybrid fiber (50 P.P-50 C.F) % increased compressive strength with ratio 32%, so increased modulus of rupture for self-compact mortar with ratio 130% at hybrid fiber (0 P.P-100 C.F) %, also indicated that the added improve hard characteristic and decrease of fresh characteristic as a flow time, mini slump flow and specific gravity, when the volume fraction 0.5% and 1% for all hybrid fiber exceeded the limits of the standard because the largest flow time is 11 seconds.
Swelling Control of Expansive Soils Using Cement Dust
Authors: Almurshedi Alaa D. , Thajeel Jawad K. , Dekhn Hadeel Ch. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Expansive soils exist in many regions over the world including Iraq. Expansive or swelling soil contains minerals that are capable to absorb water easily causing an increase in its volume. In this research, an expansive soil that exists in some locations in the province of Karbala in Iraq was used. Limited data is available to investigate the effect of cement dust on engineering properties of expansive soils. For this purpose, samples have been prepared by mixing the expansive soil with different percentages of cement dust. The samples have been subjected to cycles of wetting and drying to investigate the swelling behaviour. Soil samples that are used were compacted at the optimum moisture content. Five different percentages of cement dust content are used in this study include: 4, 8, 12, 16 and 20%. Fundamental tests for all soil samples. It is concluded that the addition of cement dust to the expansive soils is successful method to improve their properties such as decreasing the consistency limits, increasing the maximum dry density corresponding to lower optimum water content, decreasing the swelling pressure and swelling potential.
Development of Risk Optimisation Model for Oil and Gas Transportation Pipeline Routes
Authors: Kraidi L , Shah R , Matipa W , Borthwick F , Hashim Khalid 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Identifying safe routes for the pipelines that transport Oil and Gas (O&G) products is a challenging topic in the current environment; particularly in the insure countries. Because the relevant data about the probability and severity levels of the Risk Factors (RFs) that affect the safety of these pipelines are rare. Which makes the existing risk assessment tools ineffective to analyse these RFs and identify safe route for these pipelines. Hence, this paper aims to develop a risk assessment tool that can identify safe routes for the new O&G pipelines in Iraq in a systematic way using the following steps. Firstly, an industry-wide questionnaire survey was conducted to gather the data about the probability and severity levels of the RFs in such projects in Iraq. Secondly, the Fuzzy Inference System (FIS) in MATLAB was used to analyse and rank the RFs. Because the FIS can reduce the uncertainty in risk analysis, which results from the lack of data and the biasness of stakeholder’s judgments about the RFs. Thirdly, the existing information from the new pipelines projects were analysed to identify the potential RFs in the proposed routes for these projects. As the O&G pipeline network in Iraq is above-the-ground, this paper focused on the RFs that affect this type of pipelines. Fourthly, the safest route for the new pipeline was identified by optimising the risk index value for each route. While, the route that has less value of risk index is the safest route. This paper analysed the five routes that were suggested to build a new gas export pipeline in Waist in Iraq. The pipeline will transport the extracted gas from Badra filed to the shipping points in Iraq. It was found that route number 4 is the safest route for this pipeline.
Using LARS –WG model for prediction of temperature in Columbia City, USA
Authors: Zubaidi Salah L. , Kot Patryk , Hashim Khalid , Alkhaddar Rafid , Abdellatif Mawada , Muhsin Yousif Raad 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Climate change has placed considerable pressure on the residential environment in different areas of the world. These issues have increased the motivation of researchers to analyse and forecast the changes in critical climatic factors, such as temperature, in order to offer valuable reference outcomes for management and planning in the future. This study set out to determine to what extent global warming would affect Columbia City, Missouri, USA. The Long Ashton Research Station Weather Generator (LARS-WG) model is used for downscaling daily maximum temperatures based on the SRA1B scenario. Seven General Circulation Models (GCMs) outputs are employed for three selected periods, 2011–2030, 2046–2065 and 2080-2099. The findings show that (1) statistical analysis confirmed the skill and reliability of the LARS-WG model to downscale maximum temperature time series; (2) the ensemble mean of seven GCMs exhibited an increasing based on yearly and monthly data for all periods compared with baseline period 1980-1999. The findings can contribute to a better understanding of the impacts of climate change on the urban environment and encourage planners and stakeholders to find the best solution for mitigation of these impacts.
Effect of void Ratio of Inner Steel Tube on Compression Behavior of Double Skin Tubular Column
Authors: Ali Hanaa A. , Salman Wissam D. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Hybrid double skin tubular columns (DSTCs) are a composite members that consist of outer FRP tube and inner steel tube and concrete filled in between. These three materials combination in one element have several advantages do not found in common columns. The total 12 circular DSTCs were poured and tested under axial load. Every specimen is average of a pair of samples of the variables, diameter and thickness of steel tube, to investigate effect of inner steel tube void ratio on compression behavior of hybrid DSTC. The void ratio was defined as a ratio between the two inner steel and outer FRP tube diameter. The test results show that the stress-strain behavior of concrete material in the hybrid DSTCs has a better confined by two tubes. While the DSTC with small diameter has similar behavior to concrete filled FRP tube (CFFT). Thickness of inner steel tube is slightly effect on concrete stress inside DSTC.
Effect of Wasit Thermal Power Plant on Water Quality of Tigris River Downstream to Al Zubaidiayh City
Authors: Alaa Hiba , Jaeel Ali Jwied 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This study was directed at Wasit Thermal Power Plant (WTPP) to determine the water quality status. Nine sampling stations established along the reach of Tigris River, the first station was 500m upstream (US) to WTPP and it was a reference station, the second station at WTPP and seven stations downstream (DS) to WTPP for collection of water samples. Water samples were prepared for their physico-chemical characteristics at all sampling stations were compared with the reference station. Sampling of all stations (downstream to WTPP) showed higher water pH, total dissolved solids (TDS), electrical conductivity, and chemical oxygen demand (COD) than that of sampling station upstream to WTPP and lower water dissolved oxygen (DO). The results showed increasing of pH, TDS, EC, and COD by 68%, 166%, 60% and 478% respectively, and decreasing the value of DO by 66% indicated that discharge from WTPP increased pollution load in river Tigris.
Water quality index of Tigris River on Waist Governorate for aquatic life
Authors: Enad Huda Yousif , Jaeel Ali Jwied 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIn this study, a mathematical model Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment Water Quality Index (CCME WQI) has been used. Several physical and chemical parameters are chosen to calculate the water quality index as follows: temperature, pH, total dissolved solids (TDS), turbidity, dissolved oxygen (DO), total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP). The results showed that all stations received a poor assessment of the water quality index, indicating that the water of the Tigris River is highly polluted for aquatic life due to discharging of poorly treated wastewater from Al Azziziyah Wastewater Treatment Plant (AWWTP).
Effect of increasing floors number on the natural frequency compared with further masses added to steel building models
Authors: Alalikhan Ahmed A. , Habelalmateen Mohsen A. , Al-Tameemi Haider A. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This paper investigates the change in the natural frequency of whole building due to the increase or decrease of the number of floors of a steel building model. Five steel building models were adopted in the present study to investigate the natural frequency required to be identified in each model. The first model represents a one floor building model, the second building model contains two floors and so on. The first four models were subjected to further masses distributed upon four points within the last floor. Each model consists of the same structural details that are proposed in the other models such as details of the beams, columns and slabs. The herein parameters are the number of floors and the further added masses upon the models up to four floors. All models were analyzed using ANSYS software to identify the natural frequencies for the extracted modes of vibration about X, Y, and Z building axes. The study is aimed to produce a relationship between the change of floors number and the further mass addition in the field of structural frequency attenuation based on the indication of the first identified mode. Results show that higher masses required to be added to attenuate value of natural frequency for the one floor building model than the further masses required for building with two floors to achieve the same purpose. This relationship continues for the other models with higher number of floors but with less further required masses.
Recycling of disposal Polypropylene Blister Tablets and Strapping ties as fiber reinforcement for Pervious concrete
Authors: Ahmed Ahmed M , Hussein Ahmed H , Hammood Mohammed T 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Pervious concrete (PC) was introduced as a solution for the runoff from rainfall. To insure high porosity, pervious concrete should contain limited quantities of fine aggregate, which adversely effects concrete mechanical properties. As an attempt to improve PC mechanical properties, fibers were added to concrete matrix. As PC is allows water to pass through it, metal fibers are uncourageous to be added to it. Plastic fibers were selected as an alternative to metal fibers to be added to PC. Concrete physical and mechanical properties were studied for mixtures containing different quantities of fibers. Tests results showed a slight improvement in concrete compressive strength (0.48% to 1.44%) as fibers were added. The addition of fibers improved splitting tensile strength by (6.36% to 27.67%). As adding fibers, concrete flexural strength increased by (11.37% to 24.17%) compared to the reference mixtures. of PC. Concrete physical properties (Density, Porosity and permeability) were also investigated. The addition of fibers to concrete has a slight effect on (density, porosity and permeability).