bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Short‐term FFBS demand prediction with multi‐source data in a hybrid deep learning framework
Authors: Bao Jie , Yu Hao , Wu Jiaming 
Published: April 2019

The primary objective of this study is to predict the short‐term demand of free‐floating bike sharing (FFBS) using deep learning approach. The FFBS trip data in Shanghai city are collected from the Mobike Company. Other datasets such as weather data and air quality data are also collected. The spatiotemporal patterns of FFBS demand indicates that the weekday rides exhibit an obvious commuting pattern while the weekend rides are usually involved with various trip purposes. Then, a hybrid deep learning neural network (HDL‐net) is developed to predict the short‐term FFBS demand for different time intervals including 15, 20 and 30 min. The proposed HDL‐net exhibits better performance on morning peak than the evening peak and non‐peak hours for all the three time intervals. Moreover, five benchmark methods are also used to compare with the proposed HDL‐net. The results suggest that the proposed hybrid deep learning framework outperform the benchmarks in the prediction performance for all three time intervals. The results of this study could provide insightful suggestions for transportation authorities to develop effective rebalancing strategies and bike lanes planning schemes to promote the service level of cycling in an urban city.
Time-distance helioseismology of solar Rossby waves
Authors: Liang Zhi-Chao , Gizon Laurent , Birch Aaron C. , Duvall Thomas L. 
Published: April 2019

Context. Solar Rossby waves (r modes) have recently been discovered in the near-surface horizontal flow field using the techniques of granulation-tracking and ring-diagram analysis applied to six years of SDO/HMI data.
Aims. Here we apply time-distance helioseismology to the combined SOHO/MDI and SDO/HMI data sets, which cover 21 years of observations from May 1996 to April 2017. The goal of this study is to provide an independent confirmation over two solar cycles and in deeper layers of the Sun.
Methods. We have measured south-north helioseismic travel times along the equator, which are sensitive to subsurface north-south flows. To reduce noise, the travel times were averaged over travel distances from 6° to 30°; the mean distance corresponds to a p-mode lower turning point of 0.91 R⊙. The 21-year time series of travel-time measurements was split into three seven-year subsets and transformed to obtain power spectra in a corotating frame.
Results. The power spectra all show peaks near the frequencies of the classical sectoral Rossby waves for azimuthal wavenumbers in the range 3 ≤ m ≤ 15. The mode frequencies and linewidths of the modes with m ≤ 9 are consistent with a previous study whereas modes with m ≥ 10 are shifted toward less negative frequencies by 10–20 nHz. While most of these modes have e-folding lifetimes on the order of a few months, the longest lived mode, m = 3, has an e-folding lifetime of more than one year. For each mode, the rms velocity at the equator is in the range of 1–3 m s−1, with the largest values for m ∼ 10. No evidence for the m = 2 sectoral mode is found in the power spectrum, implying that the rms velocity of this mode is below ∼0.5 m s−1.
Conclusions. This work confirms the existence of equatorial global Rossby waves in the solar interior over the past two solar cycles and shows that time-distance helioseismology is a promising technique to study them deep in the convection zone.
Einfluss von Licht auf die Gesundheit – Präventive
Möglichkeiten durch die richtige Anwendung von Licht
Authors: Wunsch Alexander 
Published: April 2019

ZusammenfassungLicht ist das am meisten unterschätzte Lebensmittel mit ungeahnten Auswirkungen
auf die biologische Gesundheit. Beim künstlichen Licht kam der natürlichen
Spektralverteilung des Sonnenlichts die Glühlampe am nächsten, die nun per
Gesetz durch LEDs ausgetauscht werden muss. Der Beitrag zeigt anhand
verschiedener Ansätze, wie sich die Kunstlichtexposition auf Körper und Geist
auswirkt. Thematisiert werden die Nachteile von Weißlicht durch Lichtstress und
Lichtflimmern und ihre Konsequenzen für die Praxis. Anhand der
Lüscher-Color-Diagnostik nach Max Lüscher wird vermittelt, wie sich Farben in
der psychovegetativen Diagnostik einsetzen lassen, z. B. mit der
Lichttherapie.
Āyurveda in der Behandlung psychosomatischer
Erkrankungen
Authors: Chopra Ananda Samir 
Published: April 2019

ZusammenfassungIn der Wissenschaft des Āyurveda geht man davon aus, dass eine enge
Wechselbeziehung zwischen Geist und Körper in Gesundheit und Krankheit besteht.
Dies zeigt sich in der Diagnose, wenn etwa die psychosomatische Konstitution des
Patienten erfasst wird. In der Krankheitslehre wird neben Krankheiten des
Geistes und des Körpers auch eine spezielle Gruppe von psychosomatischen
Erkrankungen unterschieden. Die Therapie dieser Erkrankungen erfolgt gemäß
āyurvedischen Grundsätzen sowohl durch spezifische Empfehlungen zu Ernährung,
allgemeiner Lebensführung und Geistesschulung, als auch durch pflanzliche
Arzneien und intensive Therapieverfahren wie das Pañcakarma. Anhand einer
Kasuistik wird das Zusammenwirken von stationärer Psychotherapie und
āyurvedischer Therapie in einer deutschen Klinik erläutert.
Rhodium-Catalyzed Allylation Reactions
Authors: Thoke Mahesh Bhagwan , Kang Qiang 
Published: April 2019

Rhodium-catalyzed allylation reactions are well known for their unique selectivity and reactivity due to the high memory effect of Rh as compared to other metals. These reactions involve the substitution of allylic rhodium intermediates with a diverse range of different nucleophiles, leading to C–C and C–heteroatom bond formation. Modern organic chemists are, however, interested in atom-economical protocols under greener pathways and following recent increased understanding of mechanistic aspects of Rh-catalyzed allylation via the hydrofunctionalization of allenes or alkynes, great strides have made in the design and development of new atom-economical protocols. In this article, we review this field from its beginning to current state.1	Introduction2	Rhodium-Catalyzed Allylic Substitution3	Rhodium-Catalyzed Allylation with Allenes4	Rhodium-Catalyzed Allylation with Alkynes5	Rhodium-Catalyzed Allylation with Dienes6	Rhodium-Catalyzed Allylation by ARO of Oxabicyclic Alkenes7	Rhodium-Catalyzed Enantioselective Allylation in Natural Product and Drug Synthesis8	Conclusion
Efficacy of Non-Beta-lactam Antibiotics for Prevention of Cesarean Delivery Surgical Site Infections
Authors: Harris Benjamin , Hopkins Maeve , Villers Margaret , Weber Jeremy , Pieper Carl , Grotegut Chad , Swamy Geeta , Hughes Brenna , Heine R 
Published: April 2019

Objective To examine the association between perioperative Beta (β))-lactam versus non-β-lactam antibiotics and cesarean delivery surgical site infection (SSI).
Study Design Retrospective cohort of women undergoing cesarean delivery from January 1 to December 31, 2014. All women undergoing cesarean after 34 weeks with a postpartum visit were included. Prevalence of SSI was compared between women receiving β-lactam versus non-β-lactam antibiotics. Bivariate analyses were performed using Pearson's Chi-square, Fisher's exact, or Wilcoxon's rank-sum tests. Logistic regression models were fit controlling for possible confounders.
Results Of the 929 women included, 826 (89%) received β-lactam prophylaxis and 103 (11%) received a non-β-lactam. Among the 893 women who reported a non-type I (low risk) allergy, 819 (92%) received β-lactam prophylaxis. SSI occurred in 7% of women who received β-lactam antibiotics versus 15% of women who received a non-β-lactam (p = 0.004). β-Lactam prophylaxis was associated with lower odds of SSI compared with non-β-lactam antibiotics (odds ratio [OR] = 0.43; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.22–0.83; p = 0.01) after controlling for chorioamnionitis in labor, postlabor cesarean, endometritis, tobacco use, and body mass index (BMI).
Conclusion β-Lactam perioperative prophylaxis is associated with lower odds of a cesarean delivery surgical site infection compared with non-β-lactam antibiotics.
Timing of Antenatal Corticosteroid Administration in Monoamniotic Twins
Authors: Bibbo Carolina , Easter Sarah , Saadeh Michael , Little Sarah , Robinson Julian 
Published: April 2019

Objective This study was aimed to determine if different strategies of antenatal corticosteroid (ACS) administration in monoamniotic twins leads to receipt within 7 days of delivery.
Study Design This is a retrospective cohort of monoamniotic twins managed at a single institution from 2007 to 2017. Patients were classified as to whether ACS were administered upon admission or at a predetermined gestational age (grouped together as “routine”) or for a change in clinical status (“indicated”). We used univariate analyses to associate ACS administration strategies with our primary outcome: receipt of ACS within 7 days of delivery. We then used generalized estimating equations to examine associations between fetal monitoring patterns and delivery within 1 week.
Results Twenty-four patients were included: eighteen patients in the “routine” group and six patients in the “indicated” group. There was no difference in optimal timing of ACS administration. Women experiencing delivery within the week were thrice more likely to spend on average more than 3 hours/day on the fetal monitor when compared with those who remained undelivered.
Conclusion Administration of ACS on admission is not effective. Fetal heart rate tracing surveillance might be a better methodology to predict delivery and guide ACS administration.
Beyond Cervical Length: Association between Postcerclage Transvaginal Ultrasound Parameters and Preterm Birth
Authors: Battarbee Ashley N. , Ellis Joshua S. , Manuck Tracy A. 
Published: April 2019

Objective To assess the value of transvaginal ultrasound parameters after cerclage placement in estimating the risk of spontaneous preterm birth.
Study Design This is a retrospective cohort at a single tertiary care center from 2013 to 2016. Women carrying a singleton, nonanomalous fetus with cerclage in situ and at least one postcerclage transvaginal ultrasound from 160/7 to 256/7 weeks' gestation were included. In addition to abstracting maternal demographic and obstetric characteristics, two study investigators separately reviewed each of the images from the first transvaginal ultrasound after cerclage placement, masked to pregnancy outcomes. We measured the angle between the anterior uterine wall and cervical canal at the internal os and external os, closed canal length above and below the stitch, width of the anterior and posterior cervix at the level of the cerclage, and stitch distance from the cervical canal. The presence of additional ultrasound findings such as sludge and cervical funneling was also noted. The main outcomes were preterm birth < 34 weeks and preterm birth < 37 weeks. Transvaginal ultrasound parameters were compared between women with preterm birth and those without preterm birth using chi-square, Fisher's exact, and Wilcoxon's rank-sum tests, as appropriate. Log binomial regression was used to estimate the relative risk of preterm birth for all significant obstetric and ultrasound characteristics.
Results A total of 102 women met inclusion criteria: 58% had history-indicated, 20% ultrasound-indicated, and 23% exam-indicated cerclages. Of these, 28 (27.5%) women delivered at < 34 weeks' gestation, and 48 (47.0%) women delivered at < 37 weeks' gestation. Preterm birth did not vary by race, maternal age, insurance, smoking, or gestational age of the earliest prior preterm birth (for multiparous women), but women who had preterm birth were more likely to have exam-indicated cerclage. There were several transvaginal ultrasound parameters associated with preterm birth < 34 weeks and preterm birth < 37 weeks. Of these, cervical length below the stitch, stitch distance from the cervical canal, straight cervical canal, funneling to or past the stitch, and presence of sludge had the greatest effect sizes.
Conclusion Rates of preterm birth are high postcerclage. In addition to measuring cervical length, utilization of postcerclage transvaginal ultrasound to evaluate the location of the cerclage within the cervix, the curvature of the cervical canal, and the presence of funneling and sludge may help identify women who are at the highest risk for preterm birth.
Disparities in Health Care–Associated Infections in the NICU
Authors: Liu Jessica , Sakarovitch Charlotte , Sigurdson Krista , Lee Henry C. , Profit Jochen 
Published: April 2019

Objectives This study aimed to examine multilevel risk factors for health care–associated infection (HAI) among very low birth weight (VLBW) infants with a focus on race/ethnicity and its association with variation in infection across hospitals.
Study Design This is a population-based cohort study of 20,692 VLBW infants born between 2011 and 2015 in the California Perinatal Quality Care Collaborative.
Results Risk-adjusted infection rates varied widely across neonatal intensive care units (NICUs), ranging from 0 to 24.6% across 5 years. Although Hispanic infants had higher odds of HAI overall, race/ethnicity did not affect the variation in infection rates. Non-Hispanic black mothers were more likely to receive care in NICUs within the top tertile of infection risk. Yet, among NICUs in this tertile, infants across all races and ethnicities suffered similar high rates of infection.
Conclusion Hispanic infants had higher odds of infection. We found significant variation in infection across NICUs, even after accounting for factors usually associated with infection.
Ebola vaccination in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
Authors: Wells Chad R. , Pandey Abhishek , Parpia Alyssa S. , Fitzpatrick Meagan C. , Meyers Lauren A. , Singer Burton H. , Galvani Alison P. 
Published: April 2019

Significance
Using a spatial model that incorporates human mobility, poverty, and population density, we assessed the effectiveness of the vaccination program that was implemented during the 2018 Ebola outbreak in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Our results demonstrate that even modest delays in initiating vaccination would have markedly eroded the impact of the program. The methodology we present has applicability for identifying areas at risk during outbreaks of other emerging and reemerging diseases, which is imperative for swift control.
Optical properties of high-pressure fluid hydrogen across molecular dissociation
Authors: Rillo Giovanni , Morales Miguel A. , Ceperley David M. , Pierleoni Carlo 
Published: April 2019

Significance
The properties of warm, dense hydrogen are important in material science, plasma physics, planetary science, and astrophysics. We present simulations of its behavior in relation to ongoing, and in some cases controversial, results from static- and dynamic-compression experiments. The optical properties of dense liquid hydrogen are computed under conditions such that hydrogen is changing from a molecular insulating fluid into an atomic metallic fluid. The computed reflectivity and absorption of light agree with recent experimental observations and reconcile the observations with each other, leading to an understanding of this transition, thereby guiding future experimental and theoretical work, as well as being useful for planetary and astrophysical models.
Hypervariable region 1 and N-linked glycans of hepatitis C regulate virion neutralization by modulating envelope conformations
Authors: Prentoe Jannick , Velázquez-Moctezuma Rodrigo , Augestad Elias H. , Galli Andrea , Wang Richard , Law Mansun , Alter Harvey , Bukh Jens 
Published: April 2019

Significance
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a pervasive human pathogen for which a vaccine is urgently needed. Vaccine development relies on inducing neutralizing antibodies (NAbs), but HCV employs complex mechanisms to evade neutralization that remain incompletely understood. Here, we discover a unique interplay between two separate molecular features of HCV envelope protein E2, the hypervariable region 1 and N-linked glycans, that protect HCV from NAbs. Furthermore, we find that they share a mechanism in which they broadly modulate NAb epitope availability by influencing stability of closed and open envelope protein conformations (e.g., envelope breathing) and virus entry dependency on scavenger receptor BI. The apparent importance of structural dynamics in understanding HCV NAb evasion and entry have important implications for rational vaccine design.
Nanomechanics of cellulose deformation reveal molecular defects that facilitate natural deconstruction
Authors: Ciesielski Peter N. , Wagner Ryan , Bharadwaj Vivek S. , Killgore Jason , Mittal Ashutosh , Beckham Gregg T. , Decker Stephen R. , Himmel Michael E. , Crowley Michael F. 
Published: April 2019

SignificanceCellulose plays an important role as a structural polymer for natural material applications and as a source of sugars for production of renewable fuels and chemicals. Previously, kink defects have been observed in isolated cellulose nanofibrils. In this work, we provide direct evidence that these defects can be induced by mechanical deformation and are often accompanied by molecular-level bond breakages that are exploited by cellulase enzymes as initiation sites for processive hydrolysis. This relationship between mechanical stress and molecular defect formation has likely played a role in the evolution of both plants and natural cellulolytic enzyme systems. An improved understanding of these principles provides insight for the development of advanced cellulose utilization and processing technologies.
Oxidation of phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase positively regulates translational quality control
Authors: Steiner Rebecca E. , Kyle Amanda M. , Ibba Michael 
Published: April 2019

Significance
Regulation of translational quality control during adverse growth conditions is critical to maintain cellular homeostasis. Translational quality control is maintained by proofreading by the aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (aaRS), which ensure that cognate aminoacyl-tRNAs are provided to the ribosome for protein synthesis. Our findings now show that under oxidative stress a global conformational change in the phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase positively regulates quality control by increasing the rate of proofreading. These results demonstrate that the translational machinery is able to rapidly and positively respond to environmental challenges to maintain the accuracy of protein synthesis.
Pleiotropic neuroprotective effects of taxifolin in cerebral amyloid angiopathy
Authors: Inoue Takayuki , Saito Satoshi , Tanaka Masashi , Yamakage Hajime , Kusakabe Toru , Shimatsu Akira , Ihara Masafumi , Satoh-Asahara Noriko 
Published: April 2019

Significance
Cerebrovascular amyloid-β deposition is highly implicated in the pathogenesis of cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA), one of the major causes of dementia. We previously showed that orally administered taxifolin, a natural bioactive flavonoid, enhanced the clearance of amyloid-β, improved cerebral blood flow, and suppressed cognitive decline in a mouse model of CAA. Here we investigate the in vivo effects of taxifolin on intracerebral factors associated with neuronal injury in these mice. We find that orally administered taxifolin may have neuroprotective effects through suppressing intracerebral amyloid-β production, neuroinflammation, and oxidative tissue damage, despite the low permeability of the blood–brain barrier to taxifolin. Our findings suggest taxifolin as a potential target for clinical applications to prevent/treat CAA.
The fifty years it has taken to understand the dynamics of UO2 in its ordered state
Authors: Lander G H , Caciuffo R 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
In 1966 Roger Cowley (together with Gerald Dolling) reported the first neutron inelastic scattering from the magnetic excitations from UO2 below its antiferromagnetic ordering temperature of 30 K. They showed the strong magnon–phonon coupling in this material and that the excitations appeared to contain an additional mode that was not anticipated. Cowley never returned to UO2, but showed a keen interest in the developments. Forty years after this pioneering work, unambiguous evidence was found (using resonance x-ray techniques) for the ordering below T

N
of the electric quadrupoles involving the anisotropy of the 5f charge distribution around the uranium nuclei. A further 10 years later, now armed with a full theory for the excitation spectrum expected for phonons, magnons, and quadrupoles, we can identify the latter as the source of the ‘extra’ mode reported first in 1966. The story is a long winding one, with the expected serendipity and dead ends, but is now (almost) completed.
A spatially resolved in situ calibration applied to infrared thermography
Authors: Elfner Maximilian , Glasenapp Tobias , Schulz Achmed , Bauer Hans-Jörg 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
When using thermography at elevated ambient temperature levels to determine the surface temperature of test specimen, radiation reflected on the test surfaces can lead to a large measurement error. Calibration methods accounting for this amount of radiation are available in the open literature. Those methods, however, only account for a scalar calibration parameter. With new, complex test rigs and inhomogeneous reflected radiation distribution, the need for a spatially resolved calibration arises. Therefore, this paper presents a new correction method accounting for a spatially varying reflected radiation. By computing a geometrical ray-tracing, a spatially resolved correction factor is determined. An extended calibration technique based on an in situ approach is proposed, allowing a local correction of reflected radiation. This method is applied to a test case with defined boundary conditions. The results are compared to a well-known in situ calibration method. A major improvement in measurement accuracy is achieved: the error in calibrated temperature can be reduced from over 10% to well below 2.5%. This reduction in error is especially prominent when the test surfaces are colder than the hot ambient, which is the case in many cooling applications, e.g. in gas turbine cooling research.
Bayesian estimation of switching rates for blinking emitters
Authors: Geordy Jemy , Rogers Lachlan J , Rogers Cameron M , Volz Thomas , Gilchrist Alexei 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Single quantum light emitters are valuable resources for engineered quantum systems. They can function as robust single-photon generators, allow optical control of single spins, provide readout capabilities for atomic-scale sensors, and provide interfaces between stationary and flying qubits. Environmental factors can lead to single emitters exhibiting ‘blinking’, whereby the fluorescence level switches between on and off states. Detailed characterisation of this blinking behaviour including determining the switching rates is often a powerful way to gain understanding about the underlying physical mechanisms. While simple thresholds can be used to identify the on and off intervals and thus extract the rates from the time-series of counts for bright emitters with low background noise, such approaches become difficult for emitters fluorescing at low levels, high noise, or switching at fast rates. We develop a Bayesian approach capable of inferring switching rates directly from the time-series. This is able to deal with high levels of noise and fast switching in fluorescence traces. Moreover, the Bayesian inference also yields a robust picture of the parameter uncertainties, providing a benefit also for bright emitters in low-noise settings. The technique can be adapted to identify the underlying states as well as extracting the rates of switching. Finally, our method is applicable to a broad range of systems that show behaviour analogous to a blinking emitter.