bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Advances and Opportunities in Nanoparticle‐ and Nanomaterial‐Based Vaccines against Bacterial Infections
Authors: Lin Leon Chien‐Wei , Chattopadhyay Saborni , Lin Jung‐Chen , Hu Che‐Ming Jack 
Published: March 2018

AbstractAs the dawn of the postantibiotic era we approach, antibacterial vaccines are becoming increasingly important for managing bacterial infection and reducing the need for antibiotics. Despite the success of vaccination, vaccines remain unavailable for many pressing microbial diseases, including tuberculosis, chlamydia, and staphylococcus infections. Amid continuing research efforts in antibacterial vaccine development, the advancement of nanomaterial engineering has brought forth new opportunities in vaccine designs. With increasing knowledge in antibacterial immunity and immunologic adjuvants, innovative nanoparticles are designed to elicit the appropriate immune responses for effective antimicrobial defense. Rationally designed nanoparticles are demonstrated to overcome delivery barriers to shape the adaptive immunity. This article reviews the advances in nanoparticle‐ and nanomaterial‐based antibacterial vaccines and summarizes the development of nanoparticulate adjuvants for immune potentiation against microbial pathogens. In addition, challenges and progress in ongoing antibacterial vaccine development are discussed to highlight the opportunities for future vaccine designs.
Nanoscaled Metal‐Organic Frameworks for Biosensing, Imaging, and Cancer Therapy
Authors: Zhou Jingrong , Tian Gan , Zeng Lijuan , Song Xueer , Bian Xiu‐wu 
Published: March 2018

AbstractOwing to the progressive development of metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) synthetic processes and their unique characters associated with the excellent performance‐selectable composition, tunable pore scale, large surface area, and good thermal stability, MOFs have captured the interest and the imagination of an increasing number of scientists working in different fields. In the area of biomedical applications, MOFs are especially involved in sensing, molecular imaging, and drug delivery, with strong contributions to the whole nanomedicine area. Recently, these materials have been scaled down to nanometer sizes with the advancement of chemical synthesis gradually reaching an adjustable level. This review mainly discusses and summarizes the general synthesis, properties, and biomedical applications of nanoscaled MOFs and their composites in biosensing, imaging, and cancer therapy within the latest three years. The remaining challenges and future opportunities in this field, in terms of processing techniques, maximizing composite properties, and prospects for clinical applications, are also indicated.
Oxa[7]superhelicen: ein π‐erweiterter, helikaler Chromophor auf Hexa‐peri‐hexabenzocoronen‐Basis
Authors: Reger David , Haines Philipp , Heinemann Frank W. , Guldi Dirk M. , Jux Norbert 
Published: March 2018

AbstractEin neuartiges π‐erweitertes “Superhelicen” auf der Basis von Hexa‐peri‐hexabenzocoronenen wurde mit einem effizienten vierstufigen Syntheseverfahren ausgehend von Diphenylether synthetisiert. Das Helicen wurde durch NMR‐Spektroskopie und Massenspektrometrie in Kombination mit Röntgenstrukturanalyse zweifelsfrei charakterisiert. Physikalisch‐chemische Analysen des Superhelicens und geeigneter HBC‐Referenzverbindungen enthüllen unter anderem die bemerkenswerten Fluoreszenzeigenschaften mit Quantenausbeuten Φf>80 %.
Natural Product Diversification Mediated by Alternative Transcriptional Starting
Authors: Tobias Nicholas J. , Linck Annabell , Bode Helge B. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractPhotorhabdus luminescens dedicates a significant proportion of its genome to the production of natural products. These products and the structural variation in their derivatives may occur by a number of well‐described mechanisms, such as module skipping or precursor promiscuity. Cappable‐seq was used to identify transcriptional start sites of many of the gene clusters present in P. luminescens TTO1. We discovered that variations associated with the non‐ribosomal peptide synthetase Kol, which is responsible for kolossin A production, possessed a number of internal transcripts that lead to synthesis of the smaller kolossin derivatives kolossin B and C. The data here support a new mechanism of natural product biosynthetic variation whereby mRNA may code for shorter NRPS enzymes in addition to full‐length proteins, resulting in the production of smaller peptide derivatives.
A Supramolecular Polymer Network of Graphene Quantum Dots
Authors: Uemura Yuichiro , Yamato Kairi , Sekiya Ryo , Haino Takeharu 
Published: March 2018

AbstractGraphene quantum dot (GQD)–organic hybrid compounds (GQD‐2 b–e) were prepared by introducing 3,4,5‐tri(hexadecyloxy)benzyl groups (C16) and linear chains terminated with a 2‐ureido‐4‐[1H]‐pyrimidinone (UPy) moiety onto the periphery of GQD‐1. GQD‐2 b–e formed supramolecular assemblies through hydrogen bonding between the UPy units. GPC analysis showed that GQDs with high loadings of the UPy group formed larger assemblies, and this trend was confirmed by DOSY and viscosity measurements. AFM images showed the polymeric network structures of GQD‐2 e on mica with flat structures (ca. 1.1 nm in height), but no such structures were observed in GQD‐2 a, which only carries the C16 group. GQD‐2 c and GQD‐2 d formed organogels in n‐decanol, and the gelation properties can be altered by replacing the alkyl chains in the UPy group with ethylene glycol chains (GQD‐3). GQD can thus be used as a platform for supramolecular polymers and organogelators by suitable chemical functionalization.
Ultrashort Broadband Cooperative Pulses for Multidimensional Biomolecular NMR Experiments
Authors: Asami Sam , Kallies Wolfgang , Günther Johannes C. , Stavropoulou Maria , Glaser Steffen J. , Sattler Michael 
Published: March 2018

AbstractNMR spectroscopy at ultra‐high magnetic fields requires improved radiofrequency (rf) pulses to cover the increased spectral bandwidth. Optimized 90° pulse pairs were introduced as Ramsey‐type cooperative (Ram‐COOP) pulses for biomolecular NMR applications. The Ram‐COOP element provides broadband excitation with enhanced sensitivity and reduced artifacts even at magnetic fields >1.0 GHz 1H Larmor frequency (23 T). A pair of 30 μs Ram‐COOP pulses achieves an excitation bandwidth of 100 kHz with a maximum rf field of 20 kHz, more than three‐fold improved compared to excitation by rectangular pulses. Ram‐COOP pulses exhibit little offset‐dependent phase errors and are robust to rf inhomogeneity. The performance of the Ram‐COOP element is experimentally confirmed with heteronuclear multidimensional NMR experiments, applied to proteins and nucleic acids. Ram‐COOP provides broadband excitation at low rf field strength suitable for application at current magnetic fields and beyond 23 T.
Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production Coupled with Selective Benzylamine Oxidation over MOF Composites
Authors: Liu Hang , Xu Caiyun , Li Dandan , Jiang Hai‐Long 
Published: March 2018

AbstractPhotocatalytic water splitting requires separation of the mixed H2 and O2 products and is often hampered by the sluggish O2‐producing half reaction. An approach is now reported to address these issues by coupling the H2‐producing half reaction with value‐added benzylamine oxidation reaction using metal–organic framework (MOF) composites. Upon MOF photoexcitation, the electrons rapidly reduce the protons to generate H2 and the holes promote considerable benzylamine oxidation to N‐benzylbenzaldimine with high selectivity. Further experimental characterizations and theoretical calculation reveal that the highly conjugated s‐triazine strut in the MOF structure is crucial to the efficient charge separation and excellent photocatalytic activity.
Tailoring Fluorescence Emission of Diketopyrrolopyrrole Dyes by an Aggregation‐induced Emission Coupled Excited‐state Intramolecular Proton Transfer Process
Authors: Wu Fuyong , Wang Lingyun , Tang Hao , Cao Derong , Jiang Xiaofang 
Published: March 2018

AbstractTwo diketopyrrolopyrrole derivatives (DPP1 and DPP2) are used for generating multiple luminescent colors (yellow–orange–red–deep red) in solution, nanoparticle, aggregate and solid states through an aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) coupled excited‐state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) process. They are potentially useful for bioimaging due to their good biocompatibility and large Stoke shifts.
A new measure of child vocal reciprocity in children with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Harbison Amy L. , Woynaroski Tiffany G. , Tapp Jon , Wade Joshua W. , Warlaumont Anne S. , Yoder Paul J. 
Published: March 2018

Children's vocal development occurs in the context of reciprocal exchanges with a communication partner who models “speechlike” productions. We propose a new measure of child vocal reciprocity, which we define as the degree to which an adult vocal response increases the probability of an immediately following child vocal response. Vocal reciprocity is likely to be associated with the speechlikeness of vocal communication in young children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Two studies were conducted to test the utility of the new measure. The first used simulated vocal samples with randomly sequenced child and adult vocalizations to test the accuracy of the proposed index of child vocal reciprocity. The second was an empirical study of 21 children with ASD who were preverbal or in the early stages of language development. Daylong vocal samples collected in the natural environment were computer analyzed to derive the proposed index of child vocal reciprocity, which was highly stable when derived from two daylong vocal samples and was associated with speechlikeness of vocal communication. This association was significant even when controlling for chance probability of child vocalizations to adult vocal responses, probability of adult vocalizations, or probability of child vocalizations. A valid measure of children's vocal reciprocity might eventually improve our ability to predict which children are on track to develop useful speech and/or are most likely to respond to language intervention. A link to a free, publicly‐available software program to derive the new measure of child vocal reciprocity is provided. Autism Res 2018, 11: 903–915. © 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Lay SummaryChildren and adults often engage in back‐and‐forth vocal exchanges. The extent to which they do so is believed to support children's early speech and language development. Two studies tested a new measure of child vocal reciprocity using computer‐generated and real‐life vocal samples of young children with autism collected in natural settings. The results provide initial evidence of accuracy, test‐retest reliability, and validity of the new measure of child vocal reciprocity. A sound measure of children's vocal reciprocity might improve our ability to predict which children are on track to develop useful speech and/or are most likely to respond to language intervention. A free, publicly‐available software program and manuals are provided.
A multicenter post‐marketing evaluation of the Elixir DESolve® Novolimus‐eluting bioresorbable coronary scaffold system: First results from the DESolve PMCF study
Authors: Nef Holger , Wiebe Jens , Boeder Niklas , Dörr Oliver , Bauer Timm , Hauptmann Karl‐Eugen , Latib Azeem , Colombo Antonio , Fischer Dieter , Rudolph Tanja , Foin Nicolas , Richardt Gert , Hamm Christian 
Published: March 2018

AbstractObjectivesTo date, experience with bioresorbable scaffolds (BRS) that elute agents other than everolimus is limited. Thus, a post‐marketing clinical follow‐up study was conducted to evaluate the continued safety and effectiveness of the DESolve® NOVOLIMUS™ Eluting BRS as treatment for patients with stable coronary artery disease.BackgroundThe DESolve BRS combines a poly‐l‐lactide‐based backbone with a biodegradable polylactide‐based polymer and Novolimus, a macrocyclic lactone mTOR inhibitor.MethodsOne hundred and two patients (mean age 62 years, 77.5% male) were enrolled at 10 European sites. Comparison of baseline and post‐procedural angiographic assessment was performed, and a device‐oriented composite endpoint (comprising cardiac death, target vessel myocardial infarction, and clinically driven target lesion revascularization) and rate of scaffold thrombosis at 12 months were examined.ResultsThe device was successfully delivered and deployed in 98.2% (107/109) of the lesions, with two failures to cross the lesion. A total of 100 patients (109 lesions) were treated with a DESolve BRS. Post‐procedural angiographic assessment indicated an in‐scaffold acute gain of 1.54 ± 0.44 mm, with a reduction in % diameter stenosis from 61.00 ± 11.29 to 12.69 ± 0.44. At 12 months, the device‐oriented composite endpoint had occurred in 3.0% (3/100) of patients, with 1.0% (1/100) experiencing scaffold thrombosis and myocardial infarction and 3.0% (3/100) undergoing target lesion revascularization. There were no cardiac deaths.ConclusionsResults through 12 months indicate that the DESolve BRS is a safe and effective treatment for coronary lesions, though larger, long‐term prospective studies are needed.
Tensions between Value Capture and Value Slippage: The Case of Brand Communities
Authors: Cova Bernard , Paranque Bernard 
Published: March 2018

AbstractWith the development of intangibles, the issue of value capture has become of paramount importance, especially for firms that have a community of users gathered around their brand. While the notion of utilizing communities may be appealing, transforming the relationship between firms and communities into profit for the firm is less obvious. The dual challenge for firms is capturing the value created by the brand community, while avoiding any kind of value slippage to another actor. From a re‐examination of five cases of value creation with brand communities in different industries, we delineate three assemblages of actors and episodes manifesting value slippage, and two manifesting value capture by virtue of the attitudes and behaviours of the firms that own the brands. Copyright © 2018 ASAC. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of sorafenib on the outcomes of patients with FLT3‐ITD acute myeloid leukemia undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Xuan Li , Wang Yu , Huang Fen , Jiang Erlie , Deng Lan , Wu Bingyi , Fan Zhiping , Liang Xinquan , Xu Na , Ye Jieyu , Lin Ren , Yin Changxin , Zhang Yuanyuan , Sun Jing , Han Mingzhe , Huang Xiaojun , Liu Qifa 
Published: March 2018

BACKGROUNDThe objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of sorafenib on the outcomes of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with FMS‐like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3)–internal tandem duplication (ITD) undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo‐HSCT).METHODSA total of 144 patients with FLT3‐ITD AML undergoing allo‐HSCT between January 2012 and December 2015 were enrolled in this study. Depending on whether they were receiving sorafenib before transplantation or sorafenib maintenance after transplantation, patients were divided into 4 groups: patients receiving sorafenib before transplantation (group A; n = 36), patients receiving sorafenib after transplantation (group B; n = 32), patients receiving sorafenib both before and after transplantation (group C; n = 26), and patients receiving sorafenib neither before nor after transplantation (group D; n = 50). Outcomes were compared among these groups.RESULTSThe 3‐year relapse rates were 22.2%, 18.8%, 15.8%, and 46.1% for groups A, B, C, and D, respectively (P = .006). The 3‐year overall survival (OS) rates were 74.9%, 78.1%, 84.6%, and 50.9%, respectively (P = .023), and the 3‐year leukemia‐free survival (LFS) rates were 69.4%, 78.1%, 80.4%, and 34.8%, respectively (P < .001). The relapse rate was higher and the LFS was shorter in group D versus groups A, B, and C. The OS in group D was shorter than the OS in group C but was similar to the OS in groups A and B. A multivariate analysis revealed that sorafenib before transplantation, sorafenib maintenance after transplantation, and their combined application were protective factors for a lower relapse rate (hazard ratios [HRs], 0.436 [P = .048], 0.431 [P = .046], and 0.173 [P = .002], respectively) and longer LFS (HRs, 0.322 [P = .010], 0.343 [P = .014], and 0.187 [P = .001], respectively).CONCLUSIONSSorafenib before transplantation, sorafenib maintenance after transplantation, and their combined application all could improve the outcomes for patients with FLT3‐ITD AML. Further study is needed to determine whether the use of sorafenib both before and after transplantation might be ideal. Cancer 2018;124:1954‐63. © 2018 American Cancer Society.
Biowaste‐Derived Hierarchical Porous Carbon Nanosheets for Ultrahigh Power Density Supercapacitors
Authors: Yu Dengfeng , Chen Chong , Zhao Gongyuan , Sun Lei , Du Baosheng , Zhang Hong , Li Zhuo , Sun Ye , Besenbacher Flemming , Yu Miao 
Published: March 2018

AbstractLow‐cost activated carbons with high capacitive properties remain desirable for supercapacitor applications. Herein, a three‐dimensional scaffolding framework of porous carbon nanosheets (PCNSs) has been produced from a typical biowaste, namely, ground cherry calyces, the specific composition and natural structures of which have contributed to the PCNSs having a very large specific surface area of 1612 m2 g−1, a hierarchical pore size distribution, a turbostratic carbon structure with a high degree graphitization, and about 10 % oxygen and nitrogen heteroatoms. A high specific capacitance of 350 F g−1 at 0.1 A g−1 has been achieved in a two‐electrode system with 6 m KOH; this value is among the highest specific capacitance of biomass‐derived carbon materials. More inspiringly, a high energy density of 22.8 Wh kg−1 at a power density of 198.8 W kg−1 can be obtained with 1 m aqueous solution of Li2SO4, and an ultrahigh energy density of 81.4 Wh kg−1 at a power density of 446.3 W kg−1 is realized with 1‐ethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate electrolyte.
Testing the predictions of sex allocation hypotheses in dimorphic, cooperatively breeding riflemen
Authors: Khwaja Nyil , Preston Stephanie A. J. , Briskie James V. , Hatchwell Ben J. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractEvolutionary theory predicts that parents should invest equally in the two sexes. If one sex is more costly, a production bias is predicted in favour of the other. Two well‐studied causes of differential costs are size dimorphism, in which the larger sex should be more costly, and sex‐biased helping in cooperative breeders, in which the more helpful sex should be less costly because future helping “repays” some of its parents’ investment. We studied a bird species in which both processes should favor production of males. Female riflemen Acanthisitta chloris are larger than males, and we documented greater provisioning effort in more female‐biased broods indicating they are likely costlier to raise. Riflemen are also cooperative breeders, and males provide more help than females. Contrary to expectations, we observed no male bias in brood sex ratios, which did not differ significantly from parity. We tested whether the lack of a population‐wide pattern was a result of facultative sex allocation by individual females, but this hypothesis was not supported either. Our results show an absence of adaptive patterns despite a clear directional hypothesis derived from theory. This appears to be associated with a suboptimal female‐biased investment ratio. We conclude that predictions of adaptive sex allocation may falter because of mechanistic constraint, unrecognized costs and benefits, or weak selection.
Development of eco‐hydraulic model for assessing fish habitat and population status in freshwater ecosystems
Authors: Yao Weiwei , Bui Minh Duc , Rutschmann Peter 
Published: March 2018

AbstractAn eco‐hydraulic model is described, namely, “WW‐Eco‐tools.” The model is composed of hydro‐morpho‐dynamic, habitat, and population models. Fish habitat suitability models assess habitat quality, based on abiotic parameters, namely, flow velocity, depth, and substratum data. These are all derived from a hydro‐morpho‐dynamic model. The relationships between parameters and habitat features are represented as suitability index curves (SI curves) or fuzzy rules. To dynamically simulate fish species, two different population models are developed. The first is converted from a logistic population concept. Its model parameters are related to time‐dependent fish habitat conditions, namely, weighted usable areas and an overall suitability index. The second model is based on a matrix population concept, with numbers as the only state vector. Age‐specific fecundities and survival rates depend on the habitat qualities defined in the matrix population model. The eco‐hydraulic model provides very promising results, highlighting the fundamental role of temporal variability of hydro‐morphological parameters in structuring habitat and populations of fish species. Using this software to anticipate water management changes, simulated population trends can help decision‐makers optimize management measures.
A comparison of the effect of beaver and human‐made impoundments on stream zooplankton
Authors: Czerniawski Robert , Sługocki Łukasz 
Published: March 2018

AbstractSmall human‐made dams and beaver ponds cause significant changes in the environment of small streams. The decreased current velocity and increased water retention time in these impoundments favour the development of limnetic organisms, for example, zooplankton. However, small human‐made reservoirs are regulated, deep and narrow, whereas beavers create relatively large impoundments with numerous shallow patches and their impact on the stream zooplankton communities can be different. We compared the effect of beaver ponds and small reservoirs on the zooplankton communities in streams. Three sample collection sites were established in each stream. Site 1 was approximately 100 m upstream of the water impoundment formed by the dam. Site 2 was at the dam impoundment of the stream water. Site 3 was approximately 300 m below the dam. Beaver ponds have a larger impact on the zooplankton richness and the abundance changes compared with seminatural reservoirs not maintained by people, and a much greater impact than reservoirs regularly cleaned and regulated. Beaver ponds create heterogeneous environment that favour the occurrence of a greater number of zooplankton species compared with small reservoirs. Moreover, the increase in organic matter in the downstream areas could lead to trophic changes in the stream.