bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Updated report on incidence of infusion-site reactions associated with peripheral intravenous administration of fosaprepitant
Authors: Chau Eric , Lundberg Jordan , Phillips Gary , Berger Michael , Wesolowski Robert 
Published: April 2018

Purpose Fosaprepitant (Emend®) is an antiemetic frequently used for the prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. We previously documented an overall 28.7% incidence of infusion-site reactions in patients receiving fosaprepitant via peripheral venous access. These data resulted in a practice change within our institution; fosaprepitant is administered in more dilute concentrations over 30 min to prevent these adverse events. This retrospective study explored the impact of this practice change on the incidence of infusion-site reactions. Methods Medical records of patients with cancer receiving intravenous fosaprepitant through a peripheral intravenous line were reviewed. The primary objective of this study was to compare the incidence of infusion-site reactions before the practice change to the incidence after the practice change. Data collection included demographics, fosaprepitant infusion information, and grading of reactions. Results Between September 2013 and December of 2013, charts of 122 patients receiving intravenous fosaprepitant through a peripheral line at the The Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital at The Ohio State University were reviewed. We found a 5.74% incidence of infusion-site reactions which is significantly lower than the prechange incidence of 28.7% (p < 0.001). Conclusions Infusion-site reactions were significantly reduced when fosaprepitant was diluted to 150 mg/250 ml and infused over 30 min. We recommend oncology pharmacists consider using the more dilute fosaprepitant preparation and 30 min infusion duration when administering via a peripheral intravenous line to improve patient tolerance.
Age-based ultrasonographic criteria for diagnosis of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease in Persian cats
Authors: Guerra Juliana M , Freitas Mariana F , Daniel Alexandre GT , Pellegrino Arine , Cardoso Natália C , de Castro Isac , Onuchic Luiz F , Cogliati Bruno 
Published: April 2018

Objectives The aim of this study was to establish ultrasound criteria for the diagnosis of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) in Persian cats. Methods Eighty-two Persian cats were assessed using renal ultrasound and genotyped for the C→A transversion in exon 29 of PKD1. The animals were also submitted to hematological characterization, serum biochemistry analyses and urinalysis. Results Age, sex and neutering status did not differ between ADPKD (n = 12) and non-ADPKD (n = 70) cats. After integrated molecular genetics/ultrasonographic analysis, the presence of at least one renal cyst was sufficient to establish a diagnosis of ADPKD in animals up to 15 months of age. Two or more cysts were required for diagnosis in cats aged 16–32 months, and at least three cysts warranted diagnosis of ADPKD in animals aged 33–49 months. Finally, four or more cysts led to diagnosis in cats aged 50–66 months. Although cats with ADPKD exhibited higher serum calcium levels than non-affected cats, hematological, urinalysis and other biochemical parameters did not differ between the two groups. Conclusions and relevance Integrated analyses of imaging and molecular genetics data enabled, for the first time, the establishment of age-based ultrasonographic criteria for the diagnosis of ADPKD in Persian cats. The development of imaging criteria is particularly relevant and useful in the clinical setting given the current limitations to access and the cost of molecular genetics-based diagnostic tests.
Diffuse dermatophytosis occurring on dimethyl fumarate therapy
Authors: Greenstein Jeffrey I 
Published: April 2018

Background: Opportunistic infections have occurred during dimethyl fumarate (DMF) therapy. Objective: Diffuse skin dermatophytosis which occurred during DMF therapy in the setting of lymphopenia is described. Methods and results: The clinical course, the lymphocyte subset profile, and dermatologic evaluations were reviewed. In both instances, there was no other cause of lymphopenia or immune suppression, and it is likely that the tinea infections are associated with DMF therapy. Conclusion: The occurrence of dermatophytosis widens the spectrum of opportunistic infections associated with DMF therapy. Further research is necessary to fully elucidate the mechanism of lymphopenia and potentially impaired immune competence during DMF therapy.
Self-Management in Liver Transplant Recipients
Authors: Ko Dami , Muehrer Rebecca J. , Bratzke Lisa C. 
Published: April 2018

Introduction: Although self-management is essential for liver transplant recipients, there is no review that has synthesized findings related to self-management in this population. Objective: This narrative review aimed to synthesize the current findings and identify the gaps in knowledge about self-management in liver recipients. Methods: A search of PubMed, CINAHL Plus, PsychINFO, ProQuest, and Web of Science was conducted using the following terms: [Self-care OR Self-management OR Health behavior] AND [Liver transplantation]. Peer-reviewed published research articles focusing on self-management of adult recipients were selected. A total of 23 articles were included for review. Two reviewers independently reviewed the full text of selected articles and extracted the data about definitions, measurements, and findings regarding self-management. Results: Three areas of self-management were identified, including medication nonadherence (n = 11), alcohol recidivism (n = 11), and health maintenance (n = 5). Reported rates of medication nonadherence ranged from 8% to 66%. Medication nonadherence was related to recipients’ demographic (eg, age or sex), transplant-related (eg, time since transplant), and pretransplant variables (eg, history of substance/alcohol abuse). Reported alcohol recidivism rates ranged from 3% to 95%. Age, pretransplant variables (eg, abstinent time before transplant), and personality disorder were identified to be related to alcohol recidivism after transplant. The health maintenance studies discussed behaviors such as smoking, clinic appointment attendance, or vaccination/health screening behaviors of recipients. Discussion: Self-management studies in liver recipients have been narrowly focused on medication nonadherence and alcohol recidivism. To improve self-management in recipients, self-management beyond medication nonadherence and alcohol recidivism should be comprehensively examined.
Prevalence and variables associated with an abnormal ankle-brachial index among patients with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
Authors: Hinojosa Carlos A , Nunez-Salgado Ana E , Anaya-Ayala Javier E , Laparra-Escareno Hugo , Ortiz-Lopez Laura J , Herrera-Caceres Jaime O , Crabtree-Ramirez Brenda E , Sierra-Madero Juan G 
Published: April 2018

Objectives The longer survival of patients with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and the introduction of the highly active antiretroviral therapy have increased the number of chronic conditions; among these, cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this study is to determine patient, disease, and factors associated with peripheral arterial disease in a population of patients with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Methods A prospective nested case–control study of a cohort of patients with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome was conducted in a tertiary medical center in Mexico City. A sample size of 206 patients was calculated. Medical history, relevant laboratory data, peripheral arterial exam, and screening ankle-brachial index tests were obtained. Results The prevalence of abnormal ankle-brachial indexes was 20% (42 patients). Patient’s mean age was 44 years ±13. The majority (98.5%) were actively receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy; active smoking was reported in 55 (27%), arterial hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus were found in 24 (12%) and 22 (11%) patients. Median time from the human immunodeficiency virus diagnosis was eight years (Interquartile range ±11); the mean CD4 count was 481, with a mean viral load of 13,557 copies (SD ± 69025.27) and 1889.18 (SD ± 9052.77) for patients with normal and abnormal ankle-brachial index and a median of 40 (IQ ± 2). Viral load ( p = 0.04) and number of years with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome ( p = 0.04) were significantly associated with abnormal ankle-brachial indexes. Conclusions Abnormal ankle-brachial index seems to be more frequent in Mexican patients with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome when compared with the general population at the same age. The most important factors associated with arterial disease were the viral load and the number of years with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02264509.
Psychometric properties of the goniometric assessment of the Dart Thrower’s Motion
Authors: Parish Melanie , Bugden Benjamin , Liu Karen PY 
Published: April 2018

Introduction The Dart Thrower’s Motion is an important movement for hand function. A goniometric clinical measure of Dart Thrower’s Motion has been developed. However, its validity and reliability in people with wrist and hand injury is not known. This study investigated the inter-rater and test–retest reliability and criterion validity of the Dart Thrower’s Motion measure. Methods A cross-sectional design was used. Thirty-five participants with hand or wrist injury completed the goniometric assessment of the Dart Thrower’s Motion and goniometric wrist active range of motion assessment three times in a hand clinic. Two assessors and a reader to record the results were involved. Participants also completed the patient-rated wrist and hand evaluation. Results The intraclass correlation coefficients were 0.70–0.83 and 0.91–0.92, respectively for inter-rater and test–retest reliability in the injured hands indicating moderate to high reliability. The Pearson correlation coefficients between the Dart Thrower’s Motion measure and wrist active range of motion assessment ranged from 0.45 to 0.73, and with patient-rated wrist and hand evaluation ranged from −0.36 to −0.53. The results indicate that goniometric assessment of the Dart Thrower’s Motion has acceptable criterion validity. Conclusion The goniometric assessment of Dart Thrower’s Motion can be considered a valid and reliable clinical measure for measuring the impact of the injury to one’s hand and wrist range of motion and function. It shows its clinical utility in people with hand and wrist injury. It is hoped this simple measure can be eventually implemented in clinical settings, allowing for an increased understanding of an individual’s functional use of the hand and wrist.
Surgical Treatment of Mild to Severe Hallux Valgus Deformities With a Percutaneous Subcapital Osteotomy Combined With a Lateral Soft Tissue Procedure
Authors: Maniglio Mauro , Fornaciari Paolo , Bäcker Henrik , Gautier Emanuel , Lottenbach Marc 
Published: April 2018

Distal metatarsal (MT) osteotomies have been used in mild or moderate cases of hallux valgus (HV) and proximal MT osteotomy has been considered the treatment of choice for severe deformities. A distal osteotomy could achieve a greater degree of correction by the addition of a distal soft-tissue procedure and be used to treat also severe deformity. Limited evidence about the use of the percutaneous subcapital osteotomy (SCOT); a type of MT osteotomy, in combination of a soft tissue procedure, is available. We evaluated this procedure routinely used in our clinic. A total of 30 consecutive patients treated in our hospital from September 2012 to April 2015 with SCOT combined with lateral soft tissue release were included in this retrospective review. Outcomes assessed included radiological parameters: HV angle (HVA) and intermetatarsal angle (IMA), clinical evaluation using the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) score, and complication rate. In 12 of the 30 patients included, the pathology was bilateral, comprising a total of 42 cases. The overall correction of the angles was statistically significant (P < .001), changing from a HVA of 28.2° and IMA of 13.5° preoperatively to 8.0° and 6.0° postoperatively, respectively. The cases were divided into mild-moderate (34/42) and severe (8/42). Both groups showed a statistically significant correction in the angles, 3 months after surgery (P < .001). The AOFAS score showed a median of 49 points (n = 24) preoperatively and of 95 points (n = 40) at the end of follow-up. The complication rate at end of follow-up was 19% (8/42). After a minimum follow-up of 1 year, our technique for HV correction results in a clinically relevant improvement of the radiological parameters and AOFAS score in mild to severe deformities. Combination with lateral release could be a meaningful surgical alternative for the treatment of severe cases to help decrease the risk of recurrence. Levels of Evidence: Level IV
Utilization of Complementary and Alternative Medicine in Multiethnic Population: The Malaysian Cohort Study
Authors: Abdullah Noraidatulakma , Borhanuddin Boekhtiar , Patah Afzan Effiza Abdul , Abdullah Mohd Shaharom , Dauni Andri , Kamaruddin Mohd Arman , Shah Shamsul Azhar , Jamal Rahman 
Published: April 2018

Background. This study aimed to identify the factors of CAM usage for general health and to determine the factors associated with the usage of different types of CAM after the diagnosis of chronic diseases among The Malaysian Cohort participants. Methods. This was a cross-sectional study derived from The Malaysian Cohort (TMC) project, a prospective population-based cohort aged between 35 to 65 years old that recruited from April 2006 to September 2012. Association between the CAM usage and contributing factors were determined via logistic regression. Results. The sample were mostly female (58.1%), Malays (43.1%), came from urban (71.9%), aged 44 years and below (26.8%) and had secondary education (45.9%). The prevalence of CAM usage varied across diseases; 62.8% in cancer patients, 53.3% in hypercholesterolemia, 49.4% in hypertensives and 48.6% in diabetics. General CAM usage was greater among female (OR: 1.54, 95% CI: 1.49, 1.59), Chinese (OR: 1.15, 95% CI: 1.12, 1.19), those with higher education (OR: 3.12, 95% CI: 3.00, 3.25), urban residents (OR: 1.55, 95% CI: 1.50, 1.61) and older people (OR ranging from 1.15 to 1.75) while for post-diagnosis of chronic diseases usage, the odds were higher among those with lower education and living in rural areas. Conclusion. Health status, educational level, age, living location and types of chronic diseases were significant factors that influence CAM usage for the intent of either health maintenance or disease treatment. Further exploration on CAM safety and benefit are crucial to minimize the adverse effect and to ensure the efficacy of CAM product.
TRRAP is essential for regulating the accumulation of mutant and wild-type p53 in lymphoma
Authors: Jethwa Alexander , Słabicki Mikołaj , Hüllein Jennifer , Jentzsch Marius , Dalal Vineet , Rabe Sophie , Wagner Lena , Walther Tatjana , Klapper Wolfram ,   MMML Network Project, Bohnenberger Hanibal , Rettel Mandy , Lu Junyan , Smits Arne H. , Stein Frank , Savitski Mikhail M. , Huber Wolfgang , Aylon Yael , Oren Moshe , Zenz Thorsten 
Published: April 2018

Key PointsThe HAT complex member TRRAP is vital for maintaining high p53 levels by shielding it against the natural p53 degradation machinery. Acetylation-modifying complexes regulate p53 protein stability, which may provide a basis for therapeutic targeting of mutant p53.
The role of mitochondria in stem cell fate and aging
Authors: Zhang Hongbo , Menzies Keir J. , Auwerx Johan 
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACT
The importance of mitochondria in energy metabolism, signal transduction and aging in post-mitotic tissues has been well established. Recently, the crucial role of mitochondrial-linked signaling in stem cell function has come to light and the importance of mitochondria in mediating stem cell activity is becoming increasingly recognized. Despite the fact that many stem cells exhibit low mitochondrial content and a reliance on mitochondrial-independent glycolytic metabolism for energy, accumulating evidence has implicated the importance of mitochondrial function in stem cell activation, fate decisions and defense against senescence. In this Review, we discuss the recent advances that link mitochondrial metabolism, homeostasis, stress responses, and dynamics to stem cell function, particularly in the context of disease and aging. This Review will also highlight some recent progress in mitochondrial therapeutics that may present attractive strategies for improving stem cell function as a basis for regenerative medicine and healthy aging.
Amyloid assembly and disassembly
Authors: Chuang Edward , Hori Acacia M. , Hesketh Christina D. , Shorter James 
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACT
Amyloid fibrils are protein homopolymers that adopt diverse cross-β conformations. Some amyloid fibrils are associated with the pathogenesis of devastating neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. Conversely, functional amyloids play beneficial roles in melanosome biogenesis, long-term memory formation and release of peptide hormones. Here, we showcase advances in our understanding of amyloid assembly and structure, and how distinct amyloid strains formed by the same protein can cause distinct neurodegenerative diseases. We discuss how mutant steric zippers promote deleterious amyloidogenesis and aberrant liquid-to-gel phase transitions. We also highlight effective strategies to combat amyloidogenesis and related toxicity, including: (1) small-molecule drugs (e.g. tafamidis) to inhibit amyloid formation or (2) stimulate amyloid degradation by the proteasome and autophagy, and (3) protein disaggregases that disassemble toxic amyloid and soluble oligomers. We anticipate that these advances will inspire therapeutics for several fatal neurodegenerative diseases.
Nuclear phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate islets contribute to efficient RNA polymerase II-dependent transcription
Authors: Sobol Margarita , Krausová Alžběta , Yildirim Sukriye , Kalasová Ilona , Fáberová Veronika , Vrkoslav Vladimír , Philimonenko Vlada , Marášek Pavel , Pastorek Lukáš , Čapek Martin , Lubovská Zuzana , Uličná Lívia , Tsuji Takuma , Lísa Miroslav , Cvačka Josef , Fujimoto Toyoshi , Hozak Pavel 
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACT
This paper describes a novel type of nuclear structure – nuclear lipid islets (NLIs). They are of 40–100 nm with a lipidic interior, and phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate [PtdIns(4,5)P2] molecules comprise a significant part of their surface. Most of NLIs have RNA at the periphery. Consistent with that, RNA is required for their integrity. The NLI periphery is associated with Pol II transcription machinery, including the largest Pol II subunit, transcription factors and NM1 (also known as NMI). The PtdIns(4,5)P2–NM1 interaction is important for Pol II transcription, since NM1 knockdown reduces the Pol II transcription level, and the overexpression of wild-type NM1 [but not NM1 mutated in the PtdIns(4,5)P2-binding site] rescues the transcription. Importantly, Pol II transcription is dependent on NLI integrity, because an enzymatic reduction of the PtdIns(4,5)P2 level results in a decrease of the Pol II transcription level. Furthermore, about half of nascent transcripts localise to NLIs, and transcriptionally active transgene loci preferentially colocalise with NLIs. We hypothesize that NLIs serve as a structural platform that facilitates the formation of Pol II transcription factories, thus participating in the formation of nuclear architecture competent for transcription.
The challenges of designing a benchmark strategy for bioinformatics pipelines in the identification of antimicrobial resistance determinants using next generation sequencing technologies
Authors: Angers-Loustau Alexandre , Petrillo Mauro , Bengtsson-Palme Johan , Berendonk Thomas , Blais Burton , Chan Kok-Gan , Coque Teresa M. , Hammer Paul , Heß Stefanie , Kagkli Dafni M. , Krumbiegel Carsten , Lanza Val F. , Madec Jean-Yves , Naas Thierry , O'Grady Justin , Paracchini Valentina , Rossen John W.A. , Ruppé Etienne , Vamathevan Jessica , Venturi Vittorio , Van den Eede Guy 
Published: April 2018

Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) technologies are expected to play a crucial role in the surveillance of infectious diseases, with their unprecedented capabilities for the characterisation of genetic information underlying the virulence and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) properties of microorganisms. In the implementation of any novel technology for regulatory purposes, important considerations such as harmonisation, validation and quality assurance need to be addressed. NGS technologies pose unique challenges in these regards, in part due to their reliance on bioinformatics for the processing and proper interpretation of the data produced. Well-designed benchmark resources are thus needed to evaluate, validate and ensure continued quality control over the bioinformatics component of the process. This concept was explored as part of a workshop on "Next-generation sequencing technologies and antimicrobial resistance" held October 4-5 2017. Challenges involved in the development of such a benchmark resource, with a specific focus on identifying the molecular determinants of AMR, were identified. For each of the challenges, sets of unsolved questions that will need to be tackled for them to be properly addressed were compiled. These take into consideration the requirement for monitoring of AMR bacteria in humans, animals, food and the environment, which is aligned with the principles of a “One Health” approach.