bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Eroding the symbolic significance of veiling? The Islamic fashion magazineÂlâ, consumerism, and the challenged boundaries of the “Islamic neighborhood”
Authors: Sayan-Cengiz Feyda 
Published: May 2018

AbstractIslamic fashion and lifestyle magazines enable the global circulation and consumption of newly emerging images of, narratives about, and discourses on Muslim women across the globe. Such magazines also trigger debates by making visible the language of commodification and consumerism that is increasingly shaping Muslim subjectivities. In particular,Âlâ—the pioneering Islamic fashion magazine in Turkey—has been the target of extensive criticism by Islamic intellectuals and columnists. This study contextualizes these criticisms within the broader debate on veiling fashion and Islamic consumerism in the context of 2010s Turkey, a context in which the Islamic bourgeoisie has been strengthened and class cleavages among veiled women have been further sharpened. The study analyzes the opinion columns focusing onÂlâpublished in the Islamic, pro-government newspaperYeni Şafak, as well as the responses ofÂlâ’s editors and producers to such criticisms. The findings demonstrate that the magazine is criticized for making visible the surge of consumerism among the Islamic bourgeoisie, for blurring the boundaries between Islamic and secular identities, and for fragmenting an idealized imagination of Islamic collectivity by emphasizing class cleavages among veiled women. I argue that these criticisms ofÂlâin Islamic circles reflect a concern with the erosion of the symbolic connotations of veiling in Turkey, particularly in terms of marking the boundaries that define the imagination of an Islamic collectivity.
A conceptual model for the interpretation of aeolian sediments from a semiarid high-mountain environment since the late glacial
Authors: Stauch Georg 
Published: May 2018

AbstractDifferent interpretations of accumulation and preservation of aeolian sediments lead to divergent and sometimes contradictory palaeoclimate reconstructions. Although aeolian transport mainly occurs during dry climate, the preservation of the aeolian sediment is a critical factor in many environments in determining the nature of the aeolian sedimentary archive. Analysis of more than 200 optically stimulated luminescence ages for aeolian sands from Tibet shows four different aeolian phases of accumulation. Strong aeolian activity occurred during the last glacial maximum, but hardly any aeolian sediments are preserved. Consequently, the period with the highest aeolian activity is not recorded in the sedimentary record. A phase of aeolian accumulation occurred in the late glacial and the early Holocene. The duration of deposition for this phase is a consequence of the complex topography and an increase in moisture. This phase was punctuated by exceptionally strong accumulation during the Younger Dryas stade. The mid-Holocene is characterised by weak aeolian accumulation and fluvial erosion caused by greater precipitation during the maximum height of the Asian summer monsoon. Aeolian activity resumed in the late Holocene because of drier conditions. The conceptual model provides an approach that can be applied to other mountain and desert margin regions that have limited sediment availability.
Neglect as effacement: the multiple lives of the Jardin Ralaimongo, Mahajanga, Madagascar
Authors: Rijke-Epstein Tasha 
Published: May 2018

AbstractBy considering the lifespan of a garden, this article investigates the myriad spatial practices of forgetting and remembering the colonial and postcolonial pasts that people apply to their urban surroundings in Mahajanga, Madagascar. In the heart of an ancient residential and commercial neighbourhood in this multi-ethnic Indian Ocean port city sits the Jardin Ralaimongo. Drawing on ethnographic and archival research, I explore the trajectory of the garden to elucidate the ways in which different socio-political groups have drawn on this site to negotiate differences, frame collective memories, and stake their claims to the urban landscape. I show how, as city inhabitants have reworked the spaces of the garden, so too has the park itself – its layout, material artefacts and location within the city – constrained the possibilities of what can be remembered and silenced, and who can be bound to one another, in contemporary times. Over its hundred-year history, this site has been founded, forgotten and reincarnated as a memorial to a succession of revered leaders, thus serving as a kind of spatial register of the historical socio-political changes that have given rise to the city. This article suggests that the deterioration of colonial-era architectural forms through long-standing neglect and abandonment may be understood as an active spatial practice of effacing some dimensions of the past, while the subsequent recuperation of deserted public spaces by certain groups is an effort to position themselves as legitimate residents and express their attachment to the city.
Dietary arginine affects growth, gut morphology, oxidation resistance and immunity of hybrid grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus♀×Epinephelus lanceolatus♂) juveniles
Authors: Wu Mingjuan , Wu Xiaoyi , Lu Senda , Gao Yujie , Yao Wei , Li Xiaojun , Dong Yu , Jin Zibo 
Published: May 2018

AbstractAn 8-week growth trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary arginine (Arg) levels on growth, gut morphology, oxidation resistance and immunity of hybrid grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus♀×Epinephelus lanceolatus♂) juveniles. Seven isoenergetic (1465 kJ (350 kcal)/100-g DM), isoproteic (53·5 % of DM) and isolipidic (7 % of DM) experimental diets were formulated to contain graded Arg levels ranging from 1·9 to 4·7 % (dry weight) at approximately 0·5 % increments. Each diet was randomly assigned to triplicate groups of 16 juvenile fish (average initial body weight: 11·7 (sd0·1) g) and was administered twice daily (08.00 and 16.00 hours). After the growth trial, all remaining fish were fed their prescribed diets for 2 d and then exposed to 4·5 mg Cu2+/l water for 36 h. Results showed that growth performance and feed utilisation of experimental fish were significantly affected by different dietary Arg levels. Weight gain % (WG%) of fish was increased as dietary Arg increased, reaching a peak value at 3·8 % dietary Arg level, and when dietary Arg level increased to 4·7 % WG% was reduced. Fish fed 1·9 and 2·2 % dietary Arg levels had higher daily feed intake compared with fish fed other dietary Arg levels. Feed conversion ratios in fish fed 1·9, 2·2, 2·7 and 4·7 % dietary Arg levels were higher than those in fish fed 3·1, 3·8 and 4·1 % dietary Arg levels. Protein efficiency ratio and protein productive value (PPV) increased with an increase in dietary Arg, up to a peak value at 3·8 % dietary Arg level, above which these parameters declined. On the basis of quadratic regression analysis of weight gain % (WG%) or PPV against dietary Arg levels, the optimal dietary Arg requirement for hybrid grouper was estimated to be 3·65 %. Fish fed 3·8 % dietary Arg had higher whole-body and muscle protein contents compared with fish fed other dietary Arg levels. Fish fed 3·8 and 4·1 % dietary Arg levels had higher levels of mRNA for insulin-like growth factor-I and target of rapamycin in the liver compared with fish fed other dietary Arg levels. Hepatic S6 kinase 1 mRNA expression in fish fed 3·8 % dietary Arg level was higher than that in fish fed any of the other dietary Arg levels. Gut morphology, hepatic antioxidant indices and immune indices in serum and head kidney were significantly influenced by dietary Arg levels. In conclusion, the optimal dietary Arg requirement for hybrid grouper was estimated to be 3·65 %, and suitable dietary Arg supplementations improved gut morphology and oxidation resistance of hybrid grouper.
Two remarks on Wall's D2 problem
Authors: HAMBLETON IAN 
Published: May 2018

AbstractIf a finite group G is isomorphic to a subgroup of SO(3), then G has the D2-property. Let X be a finite complex satisfying Wall's D2-conditions. If π1(X) = G is finite, and χ(X) ≥ 1 − def(G), then X ∨ S2 is simple homotopy equivalent to a finite 2-complex, whose simple homotopy type depends only on G and χ(X).
Improvement of the developmental competence of canine oocyte using caffeine supplementation during IVM at different maturation time
Authors: Fathi Mohamed , Salama A. , Badr Magdy R. 
Published: May 2018

SummaryThe aim of the current study was to investigate the effect of caffeine supplementation duringin vitromaturation (IVM) for different maturation times on the developmental potential of canine oocytes recovered from ovariohysterectomized bitches. The recovered cumulus–oocytes complexes werein vitromatured for 72 h. Here, 10 mM caffeine was added to the maturation medium for different incubation times (caffeine from 0–72 h maturation, caffeine for the first 24 h of maturation only, caffeine addition from 24 to 48 h maturation time, caffeine addition from 48 to 72 h maturation or in caffeine-free medium, control group). The matured oocytes werein vitrofertilized using frozen–thawed spermatozoa. The presumptive zygotes werein vitrocultured in synthetic oviductal fluid medium for 5 days. The results showed that both maturation and fertilization rates were significantly higher (P˂ 0.05) using caffeine-treated medium for the first 24 h of maturation compared with the control and other two groups of caffeine treatment (from 24 to 48 h and from 48 to 72 h), whereas use of caffeine-treated medium for a 0–72 h incubation time did not affect these rates (P> 0.05). Interestingly, the matured oocytes in caffeine-supplemented medium for the first 24 h or from 0–72 h showed a significant (P˂ 0.05) increase in the total number of cleaved embryos compared with the control group. In conclusion, supplementation of the maturation medium with 10 mM caffeine for the first 24 h of maturation or during the whole maturation time (0–72 h) improved nuclear maturation and subsequent embryo development preimplantation followingin vitrofertilization.
Seasonal and Interannual Mixed‐Layer Heat Budget Variability in the Western Tropical Atlantic From Argo Floats (2007–2012)
Authors: Nogueira Neto A. V. , Giordani H. , Caniaux G. , Araujo M. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractOceanic and atmospheric processes were investigated in order to explore the causes of seasonal and interannual variability of sea surface temperatures (SST) in the western tropical Atlantic (WTA; 20°S–20°N, 15°W–60°W). A mixed‐layer (ML) heat budget was performed by using Argo profiles and supplementary data sets based on satellite and atmospheric products during the period 2007–2012. The WTA is divided into four boxes which represent the main temporal and spatial heterogeneities of this region. An analysis of error of each term pointed out that the mean net surface heat fluxes are systematically underestimated by 20 W m−2. A correction of this term provides realistic estimates of the vertical mixing which was obtained as residual term. In agreement with previous studies, the results show that surface flux is the most important process that governs the seasonal cycle of the heat content. Changes in shortwave radiation and latent heat fluxes dictate the oceanic response to the meridional migration of the ITCZ. Along the equator, surface fluxes modulate the annual cycle of ML temperature, but are strongly balanced by horizontal advection. The entrainment term proves a small contribution to the cooling of the ML. On an interannual time scale, the strong positive (negative) SST anomalies observed in 2010 (2012) were generated during the previous winter in both years, mainly north of 10°N, during which the wind anomalies were at the origin of intense heat loss anomalies. Horizontal advection may contributes to the maintaining of these SST anomalies in the equatorial zone and south Atlantic.
Mercury Inputs to Chinese Marginal Seas: Impact of Industrialization and Development of China
Authors: Yin Runsheng , Guo Zhigang , Hu Limin , Liu Wenchuan , Hurley James P. , Lepak Ryan F. , Lin Tian , Feng Xinbin , Li Xiangdong 
Published: May 2018

AbstractIn the past decades, China has experienced substantial economic growth and industrialization. However, the effects of vast development of China on Hg input to the nearby oceans are still unclear. In this study, the influx and isotopic compositions of Hg in four 210Pb‐dated sediment cores were examined to investigate changes in Hg deposition to the marginal seas off China over a century. Nearshore cores had higher Hg influxes than offshore cores. Increases of Hg influxes started since the 1950s, which coincides with China's economic development. Dramatic historical changes in Hg isotopic composition were observed in the cores (δ202Hg: −2.01‰ to −0.69‰; Δ199Hg: −0.16‰ to 0.31‰; n = 106). δ202Hg increased from the deep to the surface layers of the cores. The offshore cores mainly showed positive Δ199Hg values, but the pre‐1950 samples had more positive Δ199Hg values than the younger samples. The nearshore cores mainly showed negative Δ199Hg values in the pre‐1950s samples, but the younger samples showed Δ199Hg values close to zero. A triple‐mixing isotope model, used to quantify the contribution of potential Hg inputs (e.g., direct discharge of industrial Hg, soil Hg, and precipitation‐derived Hg), showed clear evidence of enhanced industrial Hg inputs to the ocean margin, but slightly decreased watershed soil Hg inputs in the last few decades. The variations of watershed‐derived Hg were likely caused by the construction of impoundments in major rivers of China. This study demonstrates that mercury inputs to Chinese marginal seas have been largely altered due to the industrialization and economic development of China.
Statistical Downscaling of GRACE‐Derived Groundwater Storage Using ET Data in the North China Plain
Authors: Yin Wenjie , Hu Litang , Zhang Menglin , Wang Jingrui , Han Shin‐Chan 
Published: May 2018

AbstractDue to coarse spatial resolution, the application of Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) data in local groundwater resource management has been limited. To overcome this issue, a downscaling approach is presented to improve the spatial resolution of GRACE‐derived groundwater storage anomalies using evapotranspiration (ET) data. The statistical downscaling method is only applied in areas where there is a strong relationship between GRACE‐derived groundwater storage (GWS) and ET, and the relationship can be established under different spatial resolutions. In this study, GWS anomalies are downscaled from 110 km to 2 km in the North China Plain, capturing subgrid heterogeneity in groundwater storage changes. The downscaled results are further validated using data from 111 observation wells from 2003 to 2014 in the Beijing Plain. The results show that the in situ groundwater levels agree with the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) downscaled results for the Beijing Plain in both interannual and monthly scales, with the correlation coefficient of 0.94 and 0.80, respectively. The correlation coefficients vary from 0.63 to 0.78, in 10 of the 13 Beijing Plain administrative regions. The regional downscaling approach employed in this study may be readily integrated into local water resources planning activities.
The Dynamics of Channel Slope, Width, and Sediment in Actively Eroding Bedrock River Systems
Authors: Yanites Brian J. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe evolution of rivers in eroding landscapes plays a key role in determining landscape relief and modulating climate‐tectonic interactions. A common approach to quantifying river system evolution uses a one‐dimensional, detachment‐limited stream power equation. One potential drawback of this model is that it does not incorporate the effects of changes in channel width or the role of sediment transport dynamics. Here I present a new method for modeling the influence of channel width on river dynamics to explore how variable width and sediment transport impact river profile evolution. With this approach, vertical river erosion can operate based on any number of river erosion models, such as a simple shear stress model (e.g., detachment limited), sediment cover‐shear stress hybrid models, or mechanistic saltation‐abrasion models. I explore the sensitivity of these three models to increases in rock‐uplift rate (i.e., 2, 3, 5, 10, and 20× increase). Generally, the results show that incorporating channel width adjustment or sediment transport dynamics lowers the sensitivity of a river profile to rock‐uplift rate. For the sediment transport‐dependent models, the degree of sensitivity depends on whether the system is limited by bedrock exposure or erosion potential (i.e., detachment potential). The approach produces transient responses that reveal distinct patterns of width and slope, which may provide valuable insight into the limiting physical mechanisms of bedrock erosion in a region. The implications of the work are broad and include the potential to distinguish underlying erosion controls from field observations of width and slope as well as understanding climate‐tectonic interactions.
Study of Relative Performance of Different Navigational Satellite Constellations Under Adverse Ionospheric Conditions
Authors: Goswami S. , Paul A. , Haldar S. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractDetrimental effects of satellite signal outages during periods of intense equatorial ionospheric scintillations could be mitigated using multiconstellation satellites if provisions for interoperability of these satellite signals exist. In view of the sharp spatial gradient of ionization occurring in the equatorial region, comparison of satellite signal fluctuations from different constellations should be performed over limited spatial volume. This could be effective for maintaining and improving the performance of satellite‐based communication and navigation without compromising the accuracy and integrity. This paper presents a comparative study of robustness of GPS, GLONASS, and GALILEO satellites over a common ionospheric volume during periods of ionospheric scintillations for the equinoctial months of 2014 and March 2016 from Calcutta (22.58°N 88.38°E geographic; 32°N magnetic dip) and for September 2016 from Siliguri (26.72°N, 88.39°E; 39.49°N magnetic dip), located near the northern crest of equatorial ionization anomaly in the Indian longitude sector. It is found that for all the cases, carrier‐to‐noise ratio fluctuations over limited ionospheric volume from satellites of different constellations are comparable, thereby rendering them interoperable.
Observations of a Submesoscale Cyclonic Filament in the Marginal Ice Zone
Authors: von Appen Wilken‐Jon , Wekerle Claudia , Hehemann Laura , Schourup‐Kristensen Vibe , Konrad Christian , Iversen Morten H. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractSubmesoscale flows are energetic motions on scales of several kilometers that may lead to substantial vertical motions. Here we present satellite and ship radar as well as underway conductivity‐temperature‐depth and Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler observations of a cyclonic submesoscale filament in the marginal ice zone of Fram Strait. The filament created a 500‐m thin and 50‐km long sea ice streak and extends to >250‐m depth with a negative/positive density anomaly within/below the halocline. The frontal jets of 0.5 m/s are in turbulent thermal wind balance while the ageostrophic secondary circulation in places appears to subduct Atlantic Water at >50 m/day. Our study reveals the submesoscale dynamics related to sea ice shapes that can be sensed remotely and shows how submesoscale dynamics contribute to shaping the marginal ice zone. It also demonstrates the co‐occurrence and mixing of water masses over short horizontal scales, which has implications for ocean and sea ice models and understanding of patch formation of planktonic organisms.
Ongoing River Capture in the Amazon
Authors: Stokes Maya F. , Goldberg Samuel L. , Perron J. Taylor 
Published: May 2018

AbstractRiver capture is thought to trigger abrupt changes in evolving continental drainage systems, but it is almost always inferred rather than observed, and the mechanisms that lead to capture are unclear. We shed light on these mechanisms by documenting an ongoing capture involving major South American rivers. The Rio Casiquiare is a distributary of the Rio Orinoco and a tributary of the Rio Negro; it forms a perennial water connection between the drainage basins of the Amazon and Orinoco, the largest and fourth‐largest rivers on Earth by discharge. This unusual configuration is the result of an incomplete and ongoing river capture, in which the Rio Negro is capturing the upper Rio Orinoco. We describe a positive feedback between diversion of water into the capturing channel and sedimentation within the channel being captured, a mechanism that could drive river capture in the Amazon and elsewhere.
Reconstruction of Tidal Discharges in the St. Lawrence Fluvial Estuary: The Method of Cubature Revisited
Authors: Matte Pascal , Secretan Yves , Morin Jean 
Published: May 2018

AbstractKnowledge of tidal flows in rivers and estuaries is often scarce yet vital in determining flushing properties and sediment transport rates. While many rivers still remain ungauged, methodological difficulties often arise in gauged systems, resulting in short flow records compared to historical water level data. Notwithstanding, discharge reconstructions in estuaries are possible using indirect methods based on long‐term tidal data. In this paper, we revisit the method of cubature, integrating the continuity equation for discharges at different sections. The method consists in computing temporal changes in water volume from simultaneous tidal heights readings along the river and storage width estimations. These water balance estimates remain challenging to produce, because they require spatial interpolation of gappy tidal records and an accurate representation of inundated areas over time. Improvements on the method are made by using a 1‐D nonstationary tidal harmonic model that provides continuous tidal data along the estuary, with no temporal or spatial gaps. Second, a 2‐D finite element discretization is used to compute the time‐varying wetted surface area, relying on detailed topographic data over intertidal flats. The method is applied to the St. Lawrence fluvial estuary (SLFE) and validated against discharge data collected along nine cross sections of the river, reaching relative RMSE below 4% of the diurnal tidal discharge range at downstream locations and below 9% upstream. One year reconstructions conducted in the SLFE also show the potential of the method to reproduce the tidal discharge variability along the tidal‐river continuum, for a wide range of temporal scales.
The HESPERIA HORIZON 2020 Project and Book on Solar Particle Radiation Storms Forecasting and Analysis
Authors: Malandraki Olga E. , Crosby Norma B. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThis article presents the High Energy Solar Particle Events forecasting and Analysis (HESPERIA) project, supported by the HORIZON 2020 programme of the European Union (Project 637324) as well as the resultant recently published book entitled Solar Particle Radiation Storms Forecasting and Analysis, The HESPERIA HORIZON 2020 Project and Beyond, edited by Malandraki and Crosby, Springer, Astrophysics and Space Sciences Library, 2018, ISBN 978‐3‐319‐60051‐2. The book reviews the results of the HESPERIA project as well as our current understanding of solar energetic particle physics.