bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The use of eHealth to promote physical activity in people with mental health conditions: a systematic review
Authors: Moran Jonathan , Kelly Grainne , Haberlin Ciarán , Mockler David , Broderick Julie 
Published: June 2018

Background: Achieving adequate amounts of physical activity (PA) confers important physical and mental health benefits. Despite this, people with mental health conditions often do not meet recommended levels of PA. eHealth, the delivery of health information through internet and mobile technologies, is an emerging concept in healthcare which presents opportunities to improve PA. The aim of this systematic review is to describe the use of eHealth to increase or monitor PA levels in people with mental health conditions. Methods: Databases searched included OVID Medline, EMBASE, PsychInfo and Web of Science using a combination of key-words and medical subject headings. Articles were included if they described an eHealth technology designed to improve or monitor PA in people with mental health conditions. Two reviewers screened articles. Articles included in the qualitative synthesis were screened for risk of bias using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool for experimental studies and Downs and Black Checklist for non-experimental studies. Results: Seven studies met the eligibility criteria. A variety of eHealth platforms designed to promote or monitor PA were described in these studies; web-based (n=4), web and mobile application (n=3) and e-mail-based (n=1), one study used both a web-based and mobile application. Three studies reported eHealth interventions significantly increased PA levels, however it is unclear if eHealth interventions are superior at promoting PA compared to conventional interventions. Four studies reported that higher levels of PA, measured using eHealth, were associated with better mental health profiles. Conclusion: eHealth interventions may be an innovative low-cost method to increase PA levels which may have knock-on effects on mental health outcomes. Although some of the included studies in this review demonstrated promising results, methodological restrictions and potential biases from using subjective measures of PA limit the interpretability of these results. Future research should evaluate this promising technology using well-designed trials.
O protagonismo comunicacional-informacional-digital indígena na sociedade da informação: antecedentes, experiências e desafios
Authors: Aguilar Pinto Alejandra 
Published: June 2018

Esta investigación presenta el impacto de las tic (Tecnologías de Información y Comunicación) en los pueblos indígenas, sus experiencias históricas con los medios de comunicación e información, además de una visión global sobre la situación informacional-comunicacional. Las comunidades indígenas están siendo empoderadas por el uso creativo y colaborativo dado a las TIC, principalmente al Internet, consiguiendo una ‘convergencia digital nativa’, esto es, la difusión de diversos tipos de informaciones por el espacio digital online. Después del fin del Segundo Decenio Internacional de las Poblaciones Indígenas (2005-2015) y del Año Internacional de la Comunicación Indígena (2012), se busca responder las siguientes preguntas: ¿cuál es el nivel de apropiación de las tic por los pueblos indígenas en América Latina? ¿Cuál es el tipo de acceso/uso dado a las tic? ¿Cuáles son los principales avances, dificultades y desafíos que enfrentan actualmente las comunidades indígenas en la creación de un espacio electrónico virtual que refleje sus intereses, demandas y aspiraciones? Se concluye que el derecho a la información/comunicación por los pueblos indígenas ha sido una lucha en la cual el espacio electrónico digital, ciberespacio, representado por el Internet, permitió que sus prácticas y saberes fueran visibilizados globalmente.
An innovative way of managing coeliac artery stenosis during pancreaticoduodenectomy
Authors: Balakrishnan S , Kapoor S , Vijayanath P , Singh H , Nandhakumar A , Venkatesulu K , Shanmugam V 
Published: June 2018

Coeliac artery stenosis (CAS) is rarely of consequence owing to rich collateral supply from the superior mesenteric artery via the pancreatic head. Pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) in CAS disrupts these collaterals, and places the liver, stomach and spleen at risk of ischaemia. A 56-year-old man presented with a 3-week history of obstructive jaundice. Computed tomography revealed an operable periampullary tumour with CAS due to compression by the median arcuate ligament with multiple collaterals in the pancreatic head and a prominent gastroduodenal artery (GDA). Following unsuccessful coeliac axis endovascular stenting, a PD was performed. Intraoperative median arcuate ligament release failed to restore good flow in the common hepatic artery (CHA) and splenic artery (SpA) A decision was made to use the left gastric artery (LGA) for arterial reconstruction, disconnect it from the stomach with its origin intact and anastomose it to the supracoeliac aorta. Doppler ultrasonography with a GDA clamp confirmed good filling of the CHA and SpA via the LGA. The GDA was ligated and the PD completed. The patient had an uneventful recovery except for a biochemical pancreatic leak and was discharged on day 10. CAS during PD (confirmed by a decrease in CHA flow with a GDA clamp) requires an additional procedure to restore blood flow to the liver, stomach and spleen. Anastomosing the LGA to the supracoeliac aorta is a simple reconstruction technique for achieving this.
Haematomas after carotid endarterectomy can be reduced by direct pressure to the neck postoperatively
Authors: Saghir R , Humm G , Rix T 
Published: June 2018

Introduction A recognised complication of carotid endarterectomy (CEA) is postoperative haematoma, which can threaten the airway. Previous studies have looked at medical methods of preventing this complication. This study aims to evaluate the impact of simple direct pressure postoperatively on the development of haematoma. Materials and methods From 2011 to 2016, 161 consecutive CEA were performed by a single surgeon or trainee under supervision. After 80 operations, the postoperative technique was altered, with additional pressure being applied by the surgeon to the skin incision from completion of suturing until each patient was awake in the recovery room. The rates of postoperative haematoma and other complications were compared between the pre- and post-intervention groups, as well as grade of surgeon, urgency of operation and antiplatelet/anticoagulant use. Results Post-carotid haematomas were eliminated in the post-intervention group (0/81); in the pre-intervention group 7/80 patients developed haematoma (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in urgency of surgery, antiplatelet/anticoagulant use, grade of surgeon or other complications (stroke: 2/80 vs 0/81 P < 0.05), suggesting that this was not a learning curve effect. Discussion The results suggest that applying direct pressure helps to reduce oozing, provides time to monitor and identify additional bleeding and protects the wound from excessive strain that may be caused by coughing while the patient wakes up. We advise that the lead surgeon should apply such pressure to ensure precise and focal targeting, for maximum effect. Conclusion During recovery from CEA, focused and prolonged pressure by the operating surgeon is a highly effective method of reducing haematoma.
Ultasound guided management of ankle sprain
Authors: Sanjay Mattam , Bommireddy Babulreddy , Umamahesh Matapathi 
Published: June 2018

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Ankle<strong> </strong>sprain accounts for 15-20% of sports injuries. They are complex injuries and studies that better delineate the etiology are needed. The accuracy of ultrasound as a diagnostic modality of ankle sprain is comparable to MRI.<sup> </sup>In this study we evaluated the use of ultrasound in delineating the grade of sprain, with special emphasis of grade 2 sprains.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> We prospectively studied 80 ankle sprains of over two years. All the patients with features of ankle sprain were evaluated with high frequency ultrasound. Grade 1 &amp; 2 sprains were included in the study. All the patients were followed up for 1 year. Grade 2 sprains were treated with cast for 6 weeks and evaluated for any residual symptoms and chronicity.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> There were 51 males and 29 females with right ankle injured in 57 patients. Seventy-three patients were injured during their leisure activities and 7 were sports injuries. According to ultrasound grading, there were 58 grade 1 injuries, 22 being grade 2 sprain. All the patients were followed up till 1 year. At the end of one year, 79 patients were recovered well with no residual symptoms.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Ultrasonogram effectively differentiates grade 1 from grade 2 and gives a clue for further management. Therefore, we recommend routine use of ultrasonogram for every ankle sprain. For grade 2 sprains, rigid immobilization for 6 weeks gives excellent results with no residual symptoms.</p>
Valuing the educational changes in the Romanian educational system
Authors: Constantinescu Mariana 
Published: June 2018

Abstract

This research aims to provide an insight into the level of assumption regarding the responsibility of implementing and promoting the educational changes in the Romanian educational system. The diagnosis highlights the need to build an organizational identity, the need for professionalizing the human resources and the orientation towards social values. This research was conducted on a representative sample of teachers in the pre-university education system in the South-East of Romania. It allowed an analysis of the changing phenomenon (of the educational reforms) using scientific methods to obtain information regarding the attitude of the human resource in the educational system towards the educational reform dimensions. This strategy can be considered a support to make the leap to an active portance against educational changes. The respondents realized that, in order to put into practice this goal, the school must activate its mechanisms of strategic management which are meant to lead the educational actors towards a continuously engagement in the development and reconstruction process of school and professionalizing the teaching career.
Keywords: Education, diagnosis, school, reforms.
Response of green roof performance to multiple hydrologic and design variables: a laboratory investigation
Authors: Akther Musa , He Jianxun , Chu Angus , Valeo Caterina , Khan Usman T. , van Duin Bert 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Multiple factors affect green roof performance and their effects might vary at different stages of operation. This paper aimed to link green roof performance to hydrologic variables (antecedent moisture condition (AMC) and rainfall intensity) and design variables (growing medium (GM) type and depth) under multiple dimensions at the early stage of operation using laboratory experiment data. The results showed that the AMC is the most influential factor of hydrologic performance, whereas the GM type appeared to primarily affect the nutrient levels of the outflow. The significant main effects of other variables and interaction effects between two variables point to challenges in green roof design.
Cephalometric characteristics of postorthodontic female patients with attractive and unattractive frontal posed smiles
Authors: Kawashima Yuka , Kure Kyoko , Arai Kazuhito 
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACT

Objectives:
To identify differences in skeletal, dental, and soft-tissue morphology between postorthodontic patients with attractive and unattractive frontal posed smiles.

Materials and Methods:
The attractiveness of close-up photographs of frontal posed smiles in 100 adult female patients after conventional orthodontic treatment was evaluated by 20 dental students (10 men, 10 women) using a visual analogue scale. Posttreatment cephalograms of the 20 patients with the most attractive smiles (attractive group; mean age 23.75 ± 3.35 years) and the 20 patients with least attractive smiles (unattractive group; mean age 23.11 ± 4.45 years) were selected, and 41 measurements were made and compared between groups using the Mann-Whitney U-test (P &lt; .05).

Results:
When compared with the attractive group, the unattractive group exhibited greater values for sella-nasion plane to mandibular plane, palatal plane to mandibular plane, anterior facial height, lower facial height, and lower facial height/anterior facial height as skeletal measurements; for occlusal plane to sella-nasion plane, palatal plane to occlusal plane, and maxillary central incisor to palatal plane as dental measurements; and for lower face, upper lip length, and upper lip superior to palatal plane as soft-tissue measurements.

Conclusions:
Cephalometric analysis revealed that postorthodontic Japanese female patients with unattractive frontal posed smiles are characterized by a hyperdivergent skeletal pattern with extruded maxillary incisors and a steep occlusal plane, accompanied by a longer upper lip than patients achieving attractive posed frontal smiles.
Clinical features and outcome in horses with severe large intestinal thickening diagnosed with transabdominal ultrasonography: 25 cases (2003–2010)
Authors: Biscoe Elizabeth W. , Whitcomb Mary Beth , Vaughan Betsy , Dechant Julie E. , Magdesian K. Gary 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe clinical features and outcome of horses with severe large intestinal thickening diagnosed with transabdominal ultrasonography.
DESIGN: Retrospective case series.
ANIMALS 25 horses.
PROCEDURES Medical records of horses that underwent transabdominal ultrasonography between 2003 and 2010 were reviewed. Horses were included if the wall of the large intestine was ≥ 9 mm thick in any of 6 abdominal zones.
RESULTS Median age was 13 years (range, 3 to 28 years). Horses were initially examined because of colic, diarrhea, inappetence, weight loss, lethargy, fever, or hematuria. Severe large intestinal thickening (range, 9 to 46.6 mm; mean ± SD, 18.8 ± 6.8 mm) was the primary ultrasonographic finding in all horses. Thickened large intestine was more likely to be detected in ventral versus upper (ie, combined paralumbar and intercostal) abdominal zones and in right versus left zones. Eleven horses survived and had resolution of clinical signs, including the l horse treated surgically for colon torsion. An additional horse survived but continued to have intermittent colic. Ten horses were euthanized or died, including 3 horses with neoplasia and 3 with colitis. Three horses were lost to follow-up, including 1 horse with a cecal mass and 1 with hepatosplenic lymphoma. Severity of thickening and number of zones affected were not significantly different between survivors and nonsurvivors.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results suggested that in horses undergoing transabdominal ultrasonography, large intestinal wall thickness ≥ 9 mm may be detected in patients with a variety of conditions. Ultrasonographic examination of all abdominal zones was helpful to determine the extent of thickening and identify additional findings that helped prioritize differential diagnoses.
Characterization of women at risk of breast cancer at Primary Health Care / Caracterização de mulheres com risco do câncer de mama na Atenção Primária à Saúde / Caracterización de mujeres con riesgo de cáncer de mama..
Authors: Milanez Letícia De Sousa , Oliveira Vinicius Alexandre Da Silva , Vilarinho Maria Luci Costa Machado 
Published: June 2018

Objetivo: caracterizar mulheres em faixa etária de risco do câncer de mama usuárias da Atenção Primária à Saúde. Metodologia: estudo descritivo, transversal com abordagem quantitativa, em duas Unidades Básicas de Saúde de Teresina, Piauí. A pesquisa foi realizada com 80 mulheres na faixa de 50 a 69 anos e a coleta de dados ocorreu no período de agosto a novembro de 2017. Resultados: a maioria das mulheres (72,5%) tinha entre 50 a 59 anos, possuíam ensino fundamental incompleto (46,3%) e estavam com sobrepeso (40,0%). Muitas não faziam uso de álcool (88,8%), não eram fumantes (83,8%), mas não praticavam atividade física (60,0%). Destaca-se que 18,8% das mulheres possuíam histórico familiar desse tipo de câncer, 50% faziam o autoexame, sendo que 30% destas faziam raramente. Relataram ainda, jamais terem sido examinadas por profissionais, 56,2%; e que, nunca fizeram mamografia, 23,8%. Conclusão: apesar das ações de promoção e prevenção da saúde realizadas nas referidas Unidades Básicas de Saúde, o estudo apontou que, um número significativo de mulheres na faixa etária de50 a 69 anos estão expostas a riscos importantes de câncer de mama e ainda persistem sem realizar os exames de rastreamento.Descritores: Neoplasias da Mama. Saúde da Mulher. Atenção Primária à Saúde. Perfil de Saúde.
Antibiotic prescribing for acute respiratory tract infections in primary care: an updated and expanded meta-ethnography
Authors: Germeni Evi , Frost Julia , Garside Ruth , Rogers Morwenna , Valderas Jose M , Britten Nicky 
Published: June 2018

BackgroundReducing unnecessary prescribing remains a key priority for tackling the global rise of antibiotic-resistant infections.AimThe authors sought to update a 2011 qualitative synthesis of GPs’ experiences of antibiotic prescribing for acute respiratory tract infections (ARTIs), including their views of interventions aimed at more prudent prescribing. They expanded the original scope to encompass all primary care professionals (PCPs) who can prescribe or dispense antibiotics for ARTIs (for example, nurses and pharmacists).Design and settingSystematic review and meta-ethnography of qualitative studies.MethodA systematic search was conducted on MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, ASSIA, and Web of Science. No date or language restrictions were used. Identified studies were grouped according to their thematic focus (usual care versus intervention), and two separate syntheses were performed.ResultsIn all, 53 articles reporting the experiences of >1200 PCPs were included. Analysis of usual-care studies showed that PCPs tend to assume multiple roles in the context of ARTI consultations (the expert self, the benevolent self, the practical self), depending on the range of intrapersonal, interpersonal, and contextual situations in which they find themselves. Analysis of intervention studies identified four possible ways in which PCPs may experience quality improvement interventions (compromise, ‘supportive aids’, source of distress, and unnecessary).ConclusionContrary to the original review, these results suggest that the use of the same intervention is experienced in a totally different way by different PCPs, and that the same elements that are perceived as benefits by some could be viewed as drawbacks by others. Acceptability of interventions is likely to increase if these are context sensitive and take into account PCPs’ varying roles and changing priorities.
Changes in Muscle Thickness Across Positions on Ultrasound Imaging in Participants With or Without a History of Low Back Pain
Authors: Sutherlin Mark A. , Gage Matthew , Mangum L. Colby , Hertel Jay , Russell Shawn , Saliba Susan A. , Hart Joseph M. 
Published: June 2018

Context: Injury-prediction models have identified trunk muscle function as an identifiable factor for future injury. A history of low back pain (HxLBP) may also place athletes at increased risk for future low back pain. Reduced muscle thickness of the lumbar multifidus (LM) and transversus abdominis (TrA) has been reported among populations with clinical low back pain via ultrasound imaging in multiple positions. However, the roles of the LM and TrA in a more functional cohort and for injury prediction are still unknown.Objectives: To (1) assess the reliability of LM and TrA ultrasound measures, (2) compare changes in muscle thickness across positions between persons reporting or not reporting HxLBP, and (3) determine the ability to distinguish between groups.Design: Cross-sectional study.Setting: Research laboratory.Patients or Other Participants: Participants were 34 people who did not report HxLBP (age = 22 ± 7 years, body mass index = 23.7 ± 2.7) and 25 people who reported HxLBP (age = 25 ± 10 years, body mass index = 24.0 ± 3.2).Main Outcome Measure(s): Muscle thickness and changes in muscle thickness of the LM and TrA as shown on ultrasound imaging.Results: Intraclass correlation coefficients ranged from 0.641 to 0.943 for all thickness measures and from 0 to 0.693 for all averaged thickness modulations bilaterally. Participants who reported HxLBP had voluntarily reduced TrA thickness modulations compared with those not reporting HxLBP (P = .03), and the testing position influenced TrA thickness modulations (P &lt; .01). No differences were observed for LM thickness modulations between groups or positions (P &gt; .05). A tabletop cutoff value of 1.32 had a sensitivity of 0.640 and a specificity of 0.706, whereas a seated cutoff value of 1.18 had a sensitivity of 0.600 and a specificity of 0.647.Conclusions: In participants reporting HxLBP, TrA thickness modulations were lower and both tabletop and seated thickness modulations were able to distinguish reported HxLBP status. These findings suggest that TrA muscle function may be altered by HxLBP.