bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A practice-based approach to collective decision-making in pricing
Authors: Thrane Sof , Jarmatz Martin , Fetahi Laursen Michael , Kornmaaler Katrine 
Published: May 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to analyze price decision-making through a practice-based approach. The paper investigates the micro-level practices used to arrive at sales price decisions.

Design/methodology/approach
In this study, a qualitative study approach is used to develop findings abductively. The data are gathered through an in-depth case study at two firms: semi-structured interviews, meeting observations, shadowing and pricing documents.

Findings
This paper finds that pricing is a collective decision-making process involving multiple actors across the organization. The case firms work on solving information, coordination and control problems to arrive at sales prices by enacting interlinked practices. Pricing is therefore neither a structure nor a single decision but a process consisting of multiple micro-level practices that enable firms to make pricing decisions.

Originality/value
This paper develops a practice-based approach to pricing that conceptualize the micro-level practices used to to make pricing decisions in the face of information, coordination and control problems. The paper is interdisciplinary and adds to the accounting literature and the market literature, which have tended to study pricing as a decision made by one decision maker, and not as an organizational process where multiple actors share, evaluate, interpret and coordinate information and decisions.
Utilising a MacIntyrean approach to understand how social enterprise may contribute to wellbeing
Authors: Blake Joanne 
Published: May 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the potential fruitfulness of the theory of Alasdair MacIntyre for understanding how social enterprises may facilitate well-being, using empirical evidence from doctoral research to illustrate this.Design/methodology/approachThis paper is based on findings from research conducted at a mental health training and employment organisation which used gardening as rehabilitative tool. Participant observation and semi-structured interviews with staff, volunteers and service users were used to generate the data, a MacIntyrean lens used to analyse the data, and some suggestions are made as to why social enterprises may be particularly suited to such an approach.FindingsPractitioners encouraged the seeking of “internal goods” or “goods of excellence” within practices, as it was this which was understood to facilitate well-being. Service users shared in this view, perceiving their time on the case site primarily as “work” and choosing to engage with the service out of a desire to meaningfully contribute to the community project.Research limitations/implicationsThis research is conducted on a small scale and therefore lacks generalisability. The lack of comparison with other organisational forms using the same practice is also a limitation.Originality/valueThis theory offers an alternative lens for considering how social enterprises might contribute to well-being. The data presented here also complement the growing body of research literature on Work Integration Social Enterprises, considering some of the wider well-being benefits beyond work integration, which thus far has received limited empirical attention.
FGF19 sustains the high proliferative ability of keratinocytes in psoriasis through the regulation of Wnt/GSK‐3β/β‐catenin signalling via FGFR4
Authors: Yu Xiaoyun , Yan Ning , Li Zihai , Hua Yunhui , Chen Wei 
Published: May 2019

AbstractAccumulating evidence has shown that fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19) plays an important role in regulating cell proliferation. Psoriasis is characterized by the hyperproliferation of keratinocytes in skin lesions. However, whether FGF19 regulates the proliferation of keratinocytes in psoriasis remains unknown. In this study, we aimed to explore the potential relevance of FGF19 in psoriasis. We found that FGF19 was highly expressed in psoriatic skin from psoriasis patients, as well as keratinocytes that were stimulated with a cocktail of cytokines (M5), which is an in vitro model of psoriasis. Functional experiments demonstrated that FGF19 overexpression promoted the growth and proliferation of keratinocytes, while FGF19 knockdown showed opposite effect. Moreover, we found that FGF19 increased the phosphorylation of glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)‐3β and promoted the expression of β‐catenin and the activation of T cell factor 4 (TCF4) transcriptional activity. Notably, blocking Wnt/β‐catenin signalling by silencing β‐catenin partially reversed FGF19‐mediated promotional effects on keratinocyte proliferation. In addition, FGFR4 inhibition significantly blocked the promotional effect of FGF19 on keratinocyte proliferation and GSK‐3β/β‐catenin/TCF4 signalling. Taken together, our results demonstrated that FGF19 contributes to sustaining the high proliferative ability of keratinocytes through promoting Wnt/GSK‐3β/β‐catenin signalling via FGFR4, highlighting the importance of FGF19 in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. Our study suggests that FGF19 may serve as a novel and potential therapeutic target for psoriasis.
Reconceptualizing Informal Work Practices: Some Observations from an Ethnic Minority Community in Urban UK
Authors: Rodgers Peter , Shahid Muhammad Shehryar , Williams Colin C. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractWhilst paid informal work has been conceptualized as a form of paid employment imbued with solely economic motivations, this article critically argues that such a market‐­oriented reading fails to take into account alternative explanations for the existence of informal work practices. Using evidence from 50 interviews conducted within a Pakistani urban community in a northern UK city, this article, uses a mixed‐embeddedness perspective to highlight the importance of predominantly socially and culturally driven motives in the decision to engage in informal work. The findings highlight that participation in informal work, whilst a product of marginalization due to certain institutional and structural factors, is also driven by a range of non‐monetary motives—a result of certain socially embedded work relations between ethnic minority workers and their employers. It is this social embeddedness of the employer–employee relationship in the Pakistani ethnic minority community that explains the continuation of informal work practices in the face of prevailing laws and regulations. The findings add weight to the understanding of informal work as being about more than just economics and constraints, offering these ethnic minority workers opportunities, even status, and giving them agency in an otherwise disempowered situation.
Adverse childhood experiences and their relationship to complex health profiles among child welfare–involved children: A classification and regression tree analysis
Authors: Brown Samantha M. , Bender Kimberly , Orsi Rebecca , McCrae Julie S. , Phillips Jon D. , Rienks Shauna 
Published: May 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo identify the clustering of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) that best characterize child welfare–involved children with known complex health concerns.Data SourceMulti‐informant data were obtained from Wave I of the National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well‐Being (NSCAW II).Study DesignThis study used a cross‐sectional design and classification and regression tree (CART) analyses.Data CollectionData were collected from families with children, aged birth to 17, investigated for child maltreatment and their child protective services caseworkers, including demographic characteristics of the children, their histories of adversity, and a wide range of health concerns.Principal FindingsResults indicate that for children between the ages of six and 17, experiences of physical abuse alone, as well as experiences of physical abuse combined with having a caregiver with mental illness, are most strongly associated with complex health concerns. For children aged 2‐5 years, results suggest that caregiver mental illness is a key adverse experience associated with complex health concerns.ConclusionsIdentifying specific combinations of ACEs may be a critical next step for child‐ and youth‐serving agencies to allow providers to better calculate risk of health problems among children exposed to adversity.
The Extracellular Protease AprX from Pseudomonas and its Spoilage Potential for UHT Milk: A Review
Authors: Zhang Chunyue , Bijl Etske , Svensson Birgitta , Hettinga Kasper 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe negative effects of proteases produced by psychrotrophic bacteria on dairy products, especially ultra‐high‐temperature (UHT) milk, are drawing increasing attention worldwide. These proteases are especially problematic, because it is difficult to control psychrotrophic bacteria during cold storage and to inactivate their heat‐resistant proteases during dairy processing. The predominant psychrotrophic species with spoilage potential in raw milk, Pseudomonas, can produce a thermostable extracellular protease, AprX. A comprehensive understanding of AprX on the aspects of its biological properties, regulation, proteolytic potential, and its impact on UHT milk can contribute to finding effective approaches to minimize, detect, and inactivate AprX. AprX also deserves attention as a representative of all extracellular metalloproteases produced by psychrotrophic bacteria in milk. The progress of current research on AprX is summarized in this review, including a view on the gap in current understanding of this enzyme. Reducing the production and activity of AprX has considerable potential for alleviating the problems that arise from the instability of UHT milk during shelf‐life.
Establishment of a loop‐mediated isothermal amplification system for on‐site diagnosis of Oryctes rhinoceros nudivirus in Allomyrina dichotoma (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)
Authors: Lee Seokhyun , Lee Heesam , Park Kwanho 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe Korean insect industry is rapidly developing, with the Korean horn beetle Allomyrina dichotoma as one of the most popular insects kept as pets. Korean horn beetles reared in local farms are suffering from Oryctes rhinoceros nudivirus (OrNV). In a nationwide investigation on the early death of young larvae due to this virus, 70 to 77% mortality was found. It was also confirmed that several larvae collected from some wild horn beetle habitats were infected with the virus. Thus, it was concluded that the virus could be transmitted vertically from an infected adult to the offspring and that the OrNV disease is a very serious threat to the wild horn beetle in Korea. With local farmers expecting that an early detection technique would be helpful for the quick removal of infected larvae, an on‐site diagnosis method for the viral disease using loop‐mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay was thus tested. To avoid the DNA extraction process, the LAMP assay used a 50‐fold diluted hemolymph was set for diagnosis standardization and convenient on‐site application to infected larvae from local farms. A. dichotoma larvae were assayed for the OrNV infectivity with LAMP primers targeting the OrNV_gp102 gene. To evaluate the LAMP specificity, two bacterial pathogens, Bacillus thuringiensis and Serratia marcescens, causing disease in A. dichotoma were tested along with OrNV. The positive results were detected only from the OrNV‐infected larvae.
Hop‐portunity Lost? Spetz Brewery Considers a Pale Future
Authors: Steeves Heather , Laplante Joanne , MacDonald Robert A. 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACTThis case seeks to have students operationalize the managerial accounting concepts of relevance and cost allocation within a retail context. Spetz Brewery is a division of an on‐premises wine and beer‐making business in Moncton, NB. Manager Nancy Wheeler is examining company financial performance to determine the veracity of her belief that the on‐premises brewing segment of the business is unprofitable. Product information is provided to allow contribution margin calculations. In addition, students must determine whether the deteriorating results detailed in the company's financial statements are the result of the problem identified by the manager or whether there are in fact additional issues that need to be addressed.
MVSE: An R‐package that estimates a climate‐driven mosquito‐borne viral suitability index
Authors: Obolski Uri , Perez Pablo N. , Villabona‐Arenas Christian J. , Thézé Julien , Faria Nuno R. , Lourenço José 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Viruses, such as dengue, Zika, yellow fever and chikungunya, depend on mosquitoes for transmission. Their epidemics typically present periodic patterns, linked to the underlying mosquito population dynamics, which are known to be driven by natural climate fluctuations. Understanding how climate dictates the timing and potential of viral transmission is essential for preparedness of public health systems and design of control strategies. While various alternative approaches have been proposed to estimate local transmission potential of such viruses, few open‐source, ready to use and freely available software tools exist.

We developed the Mosquito‐borne Viral Suitability Estimator (MVSE) software package for the R programming environment. MVSE estimates the index P, a novel suitability index based on a climate‐driven mathematical expression for the basic reproductive number of mosquito‐borne viruses. By accounting for local humidity and temperature, as well as viral, vector and human priors, the index P can be estimated for specific host and viral species in different regions of the globe.

We describe the background theory, empirical support and biological interpretation of the index P. Using real‐world examples spanning multiple epidemiological contexts, we further demonstrate MVSE's basic functionality, research and educational potentials.
Gender differences in the effects of cannabidiol on ethanol binge drinking in mice
Authors: Viudez‐Martínez Adrián , García‐Gutiérrez María S. , Manzanares Jorge 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to explore the effects of cannabidiol (CBD) on binge drinking and evaluate potential gender‐related differences. To this aim, male and female C57BL/6J mice (n = 60 per sex) were exposed to the drinking in the dark (DID) model for 4 weeks (DID‐1 to DID‐4). Dose‐response effects of CBD on the ethanol intake were tested by acute (day‐4 of DID‐3) or repeated administration (day‐1 to 4 of DID‐4) (experiment 1: CBD 15, 30, and 60 mg/kg, i.p.; experiment 2: CBD 90 mg/kg, i.p.). Finally, we analyzed the relative gene expression of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and μ‐opioid receptor (OPRM1) and cannabinoid CB1 receptor (CB1r) in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and in the nucleus accumbens (NAc), respectively, by real‐time quantitative PCR. Females exhibited higher ethanol intake during each DID session. Interestingly, females also showed higher expression of TH and OPRM1, without any difference in CB1r. Only the acute administration of CBD at the highest dose (90 mg/kg) reduced significantly ethanol consumption in both sexes. Chronic CBD administration (30, 60 and 90 mg/kg) reduced ethanol intake in males, whereas in females a significant reduction was only achieved with the highest dose (90 mg/kg). Repeated administration with CBD (60 mg/kg) significantly reduced TH and OPRM1 in males. In addition, CBD (30 and 60 mg/kg) significantly reduced CB1r in males. No effect was observed in females. Taken together, these findings suggest that CBD may be of interest for treating binge‐drinking patterns and that gender‐related difference may affect the treatment outcome.
Large local reactions to Hymenoptera stings: Outcome of re‐stings in real life
Authors: Bilò Maria Beatrice , Martini Matteo , Pravettoni Valerio , Bignardi Donatella , Bonadonna Patrizia , Cortellini Gabriele , Kosinska Magdalena , Macchia Donatella , Mauro Marina , Meucci Elisa , Nittner‐Marszalska Marita , Patella Vincenzo , Pio Roberta , Quercia Oliviero , Reccardini Federico , Ridolo Erminia , Rudenko Michael , Severino Maurizio 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackgroundLarge local reaction to Hymenoptera stings is usually defined as a swelling >10 cm which lasts longer than 24 hours, sometimes associated with erythema, pruritus and blisters. Currently, the risk of subsequent systemic reactions after re‐stings is considered low (2%‐15%). Therefore, a diagnostic workup in case of large local reaction is often judged unnecessary, as well as adrenaline auto‐injector and venom immunotherapy prescription. The aim of this study was to prospectively evaluate the outcome of re‐stings in a real‐world setting, in patients with a history of one previous large local reaction.MethodsWe consecutively enrolled patients who experienced their first large local reaction (as per EAACI definition), treated with antihistamine and steroids. They were followed for field re‐stings and assessed for risk of subsequent systemic reactions.ResultsWe enrolled 662 patients. Out of the 225 re‐stung subjects, 24% did not experience reactions, 52% reported a second large local reaction and 24% had systemic reactions. The risk of subsequent systemic reactions was higher in case of skin test reactivity to Apis mellifera or Vespula species (OR 2.1 and 3.8, respectively), in particular if positive at 0.001 µg/mL concentration (OR 13.4 and 16.5, respectively).ConclusionsSystemic reactions, after a previous large local reaction, occur more frequently than that reported by literature. After analysing the predictive role of large local reactions for systemic reactions, we demonstrated that an accurate diagnostic workup may be considered, particularly skin tests. Further studies in different countries are needed to confirm these results and large local reaction management.
Editorial: collagen proportionate area as a prognostic indicator in NAFLD
Authors: Ravaioli Federico , Anstee Quentin M. 
Published: May 2019

Linked ContentThis article is linked to Buzzetti et al and Buzzetti and Tsochatzis papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15219 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15279.
Changes in the relationship between short‐term interest rate, inflation and growth: evidence from the UK, 1820–2014
Authors: Bataa Erdenebat , Vivian Andrew , Wohar Mark 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThis paper examines the dynamic relationship between interest rates, inflation and economic growth using a long dataset for the UK. The approach adopted enables us to identify structural breaks in the dynamic system (vector autoregression (VAR)). We find interest rates respond much more strongly to growth and inflation over recent decades, and forecast error variance decomposition analysis indicates there is increasing interconnectedness between the variables in recent years. Economic policymakers need to carefully monitor the linkages between these variables and be prepared to adjust their monetary policy tools when faced with structural changes.
A systematic review of reported cases of pachyonychia congenita tarda
Authors: Tatian A. , Slape D. , Lawless R. , Frew J. W. 
Published: May 2019

Summary
Pachyonychia congenita (PC) describes a group of genodermatoses manifesting as thickened nails, palmoplantar keratoderma (PPK) and increased risk of cutaneous infections. PC tarda (PCT) describes late-onset PC, and associated genetic polymorphisms have been identified. There has been discussion that PCT may not be a distinct entity but rather misdiagnosed ectodermal dysplasia (ED) or PPK. Clarification of this is important for appropriate diagnosis, management and patient and genetic counselling. We aimed to conduct a systematic review of all reported cases of PCT in the published literature and collate evidence of genetic polymorphisms and clinical features to compare with known features of PC, ED and PPK. PubMed (1946 to 1 July 2018), Scopus (1955 to 1 July 2018) and Web of Science (1990 to 1 July 2018) databases were searched for case reports of PCT with no search restrictions on date or language. The search strategy included the terms pachyonychia congenita tarda OR pachyonychia congenita AND (late onset OR delayed OR PCT). In total, 13 reports describing 19 individual cases of PCT were identified. Of the three identified genetic polymorphisms, the earliest identified has been shown to be highly probably pathogenic, with the second likely to result in a benign amino acid change, while the third has since been shown to be nonpathogenic,. No epigenetic studies have been performed on any reported cases. Previous authors have suggested that a number of cases of PCT may be misdiagnosed ED or PPK. The findings of our review cannot refute this suggestion, and highlight the need for thorough clinical documentation of suspected cases of PCT and thorough genetic screening of kindred to identify causative genetic polymorphisms. Further high-quality datasets and reporting are needed to give further insight into the nature of PCT as a unique entity.
Myasthenia gravis in children; Issues and challenges
Authors: Nomura Yoshiko 
Published: May 2019

AbstractAutoimmune myasthenia gravis (MG) occurs in children, as well as in adults. Childhood myasthenia gravis is characterized by its distinct clinical features. Epidemiological studies have shown the high frequency of onset before the age of 5 years in Japan. Similar results have been reported from China. Clinical types are divided into pure ocular, latent generalized and generalized. In general, childhood myasthenia gravis is milder, mainly with ocular symptoms. Anti‐acetylcholine receptor antibody is often negative (seronegative). The responsiveness to treatment is generally good, and almost 90% of patients can achieve complete remission. Early diagnosis and adequate treatments are important.
Use of trypan blue to assess lymphatic function following trabeculectomy
Authors: Khoo Ying J. , Abdullah Aulia A. H. , Yu Dao‐Yi , Morgan William H. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractImportanceTo illustrate the importance of lymphatic drainage in assessing trabeculectomy bleb function using intracameral trypan blue.BackgroundTo study the lymphatic drainage of trabeculectomy blebs using trypan blue, correlate with bleb function and classify them accordingly.DesignProspective cross‐sectional study in a tertiary care centre.ParticipantsThirteen glaucoma patients post‐trabeculectomy were studied.MethodsTrypan blue was injected into the anterior chamber.Main Outcome MeasuresThe duration taken for dye to stain a drainage bleb or lymphatics is recorded. The extent of the lymphatic structures were measured in clock hours. Intraocular pressure (IOP) prior to surgery was recorded.ResultsEight post‐trabeculectomy subjects with dye stained lymphatic vessels had lower IOP (12.6 mmHg, P = .013) compared to the five with no lymphatic vessel staining (mean IOP 23.6 mmHg). Lymphatic extent was inversely related to IOP (P = .021).Conclusions and RelevanceEyes with lymphatic connections to drainage blebs had lower IOP and reduced requirement for topical medications. The extent of lymphatic connection to drainage blebs is related to lower IOP.