bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long-term prognosis of liver disease in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection receiving nucleos(t)ide analogue therapy: an analysis using a Markov chain model
Authors: Tada Toshifumi , Toyoda Hidenori , Yasuda Satoshi , Miyake Nozomi , Kumada Takashi , Kurisu Akemi , Ohisa Masayuki , Akita Tomoyuki , Tanaka Junko 
Published: May 2019

Aim
Even during nucleos(t)ide analogue therapy, development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has been observed in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. We simulated the long-term prognosis of liver disease in patients with chronic HBV who received nucleos(t)ide analogue therapy.

Patients and methods
A total of 254 patients with chronic HBV receiving nucleos(t)ide analogue therapy were enrolled. Yearly transition probabilities between liver disease states [chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, HCC, and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-negative status] were calculated using a Markov chain model.

Results
In the analysis of 1-year liver disease state transition probabilities, the development of HCC occurred in men with chronic hepatitis in their 50s (1.8%) and at least 70 years (2.8%) and in patients with cirrhosis in all age groups (40–49, 50–59, 60–69, and ≥ 70 years). HBsAg-negative status was present in patients with chronic hepatitis in their 50s (1.8%) and 60s (2.6%), and in patients with cirrhosis in their 60s (0.6%). In female patients, the development of HCC occurred in patients with cirrhosis during their 50s (0.8%), 60s (0.8%), and older (4.5%). HBsAg-negative status was simulated in patients with cirrhosis in their 50s (0.8%) and 60s (0.8%). Assuming a chronic hepatitis state at age 40 as the starting condition for simulation over the next 40 years, the probability of developing HCC increased gradually with age in male patients and in female patients after the age of 70 years.

Conclusion
There is a risk of development of HCC in middle-aged men with chronic hepatitis or cirrhosis and older women with cirrhosis even while receiving nucleos(t)ide analogue therapy.
Improving, But Could Do Better: Trends in Gestation-Specific Stillbirth in Australia, 1994–2015
Authors: Hilder Lisa , Flenady Vicki , Ellwood David , Donnolley Natasha , Chambers Georgina M. 
Published: May 2019

(Abstracted from Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol 2018;32(6):487–494)
Stillbirth remains a large global problem in low- and middle-income settings but is also a public health concern in high-income countries. Over the past 20 years, stillbirth rates globally have shown little improvement and large disparities.
Imaging of Brain Infarctions: Beyond the Usual Territories
Authors: Abdelrasoul Ahmed Abdelzaher , Elsebaie Nermeen A. , Gamaleldin Omneya A. , Khalifa Mohamed Hossameldin , Razek Ahmed Abdel Khalek Abdel 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
In this review, our intension is to present imaging features of several categories of uncommon cases of brain infarctions including infarctions associated with neurovascular variants, infarctions along small arterial territories, and brainstem stroke syndromes. Infarctions associated with neurovascular variants include azygos anterior cerebral artery territory infarction and artery of Percheron infarction. In the second group, we discuss anterior choroidal artery infarction and artery of Heubner infarction. The third group highlights brainstem stroke syndromes, including Claude and Benedikt syndromes due to midbrain infarction; Foville, Marie Foix, and locked-in syndromes due to pontine infarction; and Dejerine (medial medullary), bilateral medial medullary, and Wallenberg (lateral medullary) syndromes.
From solar sneezing to killer electrons: outer radiation belt response to solar eruptions
Authors: Daglis Ioannis A. , Katsavrias Christos , Georgiou Marina 
Published: May 2019

Electrons in the outer Van Allen (radiation) belt occasionally reach relativistic energies, turning them into a potential hazard for spacecraft operating in geospace. Such electrons have secured the reputation of satellite killers and play a prominent role in space weather. The flux of these electrons can vary over time scales of years (related to the solar cycle) to minutes (related to sudden storm commencements). Electric fields and plasma waves are the main factors regulating the electron transport, acceleration and loss. Both the fields and the plasma waves are driven directly or indirectly by disturbances originating in the Sun, propagating through interplanetary space and impacting the Earth. This paper reviews our current understanding of the response of outer Van Allen belt electrons to solar eruptions and their interplanetary extensions, i.e. interplanetary coronal mass ejections and high-speed solar wind streams and the associated stream interaction regions.
This article is part of the theme issue ‘Solar eruptions and their space weather impact’.
Impact of founder CEO and CEO ownership on entrepreneurial orientation, moderating role of CEO narcissism
Authors: Shabbir Aiza , Kousar Shazia 
Published: May 2019

Purpose
This study aims to explore the moderating impact of narcissism overload on the relation between founder CEO and entrepreneurial orientation (EO) in registered private schools of Pakistan.

Design/methodology/approach
Data were collected through a stratified random sampling method with the help of previously validated questionnaires. A sample of 121 replies was gathered for analysis. SPSS has been used to find the results.

Findings
Results depict that CEO narcissism moderates the relation between founder CEO and EO and does not moderate the relationship between and CEO ownership and EO.

Originality/value
Many studies focused on the founder personality characteristics (such as generalized self-efficacy or locus of control) are not directly observed, but rather inferred their effect indirectly. The study contributes to examine how the founder CEO variable interacts with CEO personality to influence EO. This study will propose a practical approach to investigate whether and how the narcissism constructs moderate the founder CEO–EO relationship. Direct association between stock ownership and EO will also be examined.
From informal to formal: an exploration of firm-level sectoral change in El Salvador
Authors: Pisani Michael J. 
Published: May 2019

PurposeEnterprises in developed and developing world environments often begin life in the informal sector operating outside the purview of government oversight. Sectoral firm change, however, from the informal to the formal sector is not well studied. The purpose of this paper is to answer the following research question: “What firm-level markers help explain the movement of firms from the informal to the formal sector?”Design/methodology/approachData from 719 urban formal enterprises included in the 2016 El Salvador Enterprise Survey undertaken by the World Bank forms the basis of the empirical analyses. The survey questionnaire comprehensively encompasses business practices and performance and the overall business environment.FindingsMultivariate results reveal location, firm maturity, problems with land acquisition, a line of credit or active business loan, extortion by street gangs and practices of informal competitors increase the odds of informal firms becoming formal enterprises. Lessening the odds of once informal firms moving to the formal sector include the lack of access to public utilities, visitation by tax officials, formation as a corporation, bank accounts, number of employees and time spent focused upon government regulations.Originality/valueContextualized within the national setting of El Salvador, the integration of informal enterprises into the formal economy and related public policy implications of informal firm regularization are discussed.
Impact of cooperative learning on teamwork competence
Authors: Hebles Melany , Yaniz-Álvarez-de-Eulate Concepción , Jara Mauricio 
Published: May 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to analyze the impact of a classroom application of the cooperative learning (CL) methodology on nine dimensions of business students’ teamwork competence (TC).Design/methodology/approachThe authors used a quasi-experimental pre-post design with a previous cohort as control group (first-year students from the year prior to treatment application), applying treatment to a sample of 228 first-year students in a School of Economics and Business at a Chilean University (114 as treatment and 114 as control).FindingsThe authors’ results show that CL had a positive, significant influence on five dimensions of TC: collective efficacy, planning, goal setting, problem solving and conflict management.Research limitations/implicationsThis paper upholds the importance and effectiveness of CL in developing TC. However, the evidence suggests that the effectiveness of the CL methodology was limited to development and improvement of less complex dimensions of TC. More complex dimensions require a longer period of time to be developed.Practical implicationsThis research is an important contribution to the design and implementation of appropriate methodologies for developing a widely needed area of competence in the workplace, considering its multidimensional nature, whether in academia or business.Originality/valueThis is the first study to seek empirical evidence that would link the CL methodology with TC. In addition, it fills a gap in the literature on the development of TC in its multiple dimensions. It particularly addresses the training of business professionals.
Investigating the adoption of apparel m-commerce in the US market
Authors: Sun Jing , Chi Ting 
Published: May 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to empirically determine the key factors influencing the US consumers’ intentions to use apparel m-commerce.

Design/methodology/approach
An enhanced consumer’s apparel m-commerce adoption model was developed through integrating the existing e-commerce/m-commerce theories (i.e. theory of reasoned action, Technology acceptance model and diffusion of innovation theory). The investigated factors included nine independent variables – perceived usefulness (PU), perceived ease-of-use, subjective norm (SN), personal innovativeness traits, security and privacy concerns, compatibility, observability, trust and past non-store shopping experience (PE), and five control variables – age, gender, education level, income level and ethnicity. The dependent factor is consumer’s intention to use (IU) apparel m-commerce. The primary data were gathered by an online survey of US consumers via Amazon Mechanical Turk. In total, 317 eligible responses were received. The applied statistical techniques were factor analysis and multiple regression analysis.

Findings
The results show that the US consumer’s IU apparel m-commerce is significantly affected by PU, SN, compatibility and PE and education level. Overall, 67.3 percent of variation in the US consumer’s IU apparel m-commerce is explained by the developed model, which suggests a high explanatory power.

Practical implications
Companies should provide those functions and features on their mobile websites that enable consumers to easily find the products wanted and complete transactions efficiently. Companies should particularly target the consumers with innovativeness traits and/or those having prior non-store shopping experience. Enhancing the trust in m-commerce among the US consumers with higher education level could help companies attract more potential users. Elderly, female or lower income consumers could be the next business opportunities for apparel e-tailers.

Originality/value
As one of the first efforts made to understand the emerging apparel m-commerce phenomenon, this study empirically determined the key factors influencing the US consumer’s IU apparel m-commerce.
Comparing Japanese and British impressions of dress forms
Authors: Kim KyoungOk , Fujii Chinami , Takatera Masayuki 
Published: May 2019

Purpose
A suitable dress form is necessary for patternmaking when manufacturing a garment for the global market. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the similarities and differences in visual impressions and preferences of dress forms between Japanese and British female university students.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors carried out sensory evaluations of the visual impressions of dress forms using images of four forms made in Japan, France, the UK and the USA. The participants (18 Japanese and 11 British female university students in their 20s) assessed them using the semantic differential method. In total, 22 adjective pairs concerning style, image and preference factors were used. The authors performed a principal component analysis on the results for style and image. For preference factors, one-way analysis of variance was used to analyze whether there was a difference in preference between the dress forms.

Findings
The Japanese students evaluated dress forms by considering balance and cool (fashionable) as the first principal component, and frailty and delicacy as the second. A large bust-to-waist ratio strengthens the impression of the latter component. The Japanese preferred dress forms of the kind worn by fashion models. Their preference was heavily influenced by the first principal component, but this preference decreased when the dress form evinced a weak impression. The British students assessed dress forms using healthy and cool (fashionable) as the first principal component, and frail and thin body as the second. A ratio of the width of the shoulder to that of the waist (at the front) of 1.6:1 and a rounded back shape from the side view were considered healthy.

Originality/value
These results can help understand the Japanese and British customers’ impressions and preferences on the dress form. Moreover, apparel manufacturers choose a suitable dress form to manufacture garments for the global market, by considering similarities and differences in people’s preferences.
Supervisor and mentoring effects on work-family conflict in logistics
Authors: Maloni Michael J. , Gligor David M. , Cheramie Robin A. , Boyd Elizabeth M. 
Published: May 2019

Purpose
A talent shortage and underrepresentation of women in logistics emphasize the need to assess the logistics work culture. As logistics practitioners face round-the-clock job pressures, work–family conflict presents one such opportunity for study. Consequently, the purpose of this paper is to assess the impact of supervisors and mentoring on work interference with family (WIF) and subsequent job satisfaction and intent to leave logistics.

Design/methodology/approach
Under role conflict theory, the authors apply structural equation modeling to survey data of logistics practitioners, focusing on time, strain and behavior WIF sources.

Findings
The results highlight the complexity of WIF in logistics. Strain and behavior-based WIF relate to job satisfaction, which then relates to intent to leave logistics. Family-supportive supervisors reduce time and strain-based WIF, and mentoring provides complementary support for behavior-based WIF. However, mentoring also yields unintended contradictory effects for women as detrimental to time-based WIF.

Research limitations/implications
The relatively small sample size, particularly for women, limits generalizability of the results.

Practical implications
To foster supportive work environments, logistics organizations must train supervisors and mentors to resolve employee WIF, including its different sources and gender-specific impacts.

Originality/value
The interplay of supervisors and mentors has not been well studied to date. Also, the contradictory impacts of mentoring for women based on WIF sources challenges WIF literature and issues warnings for mentoring in professional practice. Finally, the results provide insight into the talent shortage and gender imbalance in logistics that lack empirical study.
Converting hotels website visitors into buyers
Authors: Agag Gomaa M. , Khashan Mohamed A. , Colmekcioglu Nazan , Almamy Ahmed , Alharbi Nawaf S. , Eid Riyad , Shabbir Haseeb , Abdelmoety Ziad Hassan Saeed 
Published: May 2019

Purpose
Despite the increasing utilization of webpages for the purposes of information seeking, customers’ concerns have become a crucial impediment for online shopping. The purpose of this paper is to examine the influence of the effectiveness of web assurance seals services (WASS) and customers’ concerns on customer’s willingness to book hotels through perceived website trust and perceived value.

Design/methodology/approach
A questionnaire was administrated to measure the study variables. Using partial least squares–structural equation modeling approach to analyze the data collected from 860 users of online hotel websites.

Findings
The results indicate that WASS influence positively on perceived website trust and negatively on consumers’ concerns. As well as, perceived value and trust play a mediating role in the link between WASS and consumers’ concerns and their intentions. Finally, perceived website trust and perceived value have greater effect on intention to book hotel for low-habit consumers.

Research limitations/implications
This study ignored the cross-culture issue as it concentrates on the customers from developing countries, so further research may need to compare between two or more than two samples from different societies that could give a significant insights. Second, this study stresses on the WASS to predict customers booking intentions that indicates significant results, so further research may need to examine the role of online reviews as a predictor of customers purchase decision as well.

Originality/value
To the authors’ best knowledge, this is the first empirical research that investigates and examines the influence of the effectiveness of WASS and consumers’ concerns on consumers’ intentions through perceived value and trust. This research also investigates the moderating role of habit in the link between perceived website, perceived value and consumers’ intentions.
Privatization of community corrections
Authors: Latessa Edward J. , Lovins Lori Brusman 
Published: May 2019

Research SummaryIn this article, we examine the issue of privatization in the field of community corrections. Privatization can be found in all elements of community corrections, including treatment, education, housing, and supervision services. The private sector is also involved in the development of technology, like electronic monitoring devices, and material like assessments and curricula. Services are provided by both private for‐profit and nonprofit agencies. Although there are potential harms and benefits to privatization in community corrections, untangling the private industry from the provision of supervision and programming in the community would be a true challenge.Policy ImplicationsImplications for use of the private industry in community corrections include the need for oversight and accountability, with the expectation that private agencies provide evidence‐based services and demonstrate a reduction of recidivism through those services. Recognition that the private industry is meeting a need that might not easily be met by public agencies is also important. Privatization in community corrections has mainly dodged the public scrutiny seen against privatization of prisons; this could change depending on how far‐reaching privatization in community corrections becomes.
Male urethral stricture disease in a regional centre: 10 years of experience
Authors: Hong Matthew K. H. , Murugappan Sita , Norton Sarah M. , Moore Eileen M. , Grills Richard 
Published: May 2019

BackgroundMale urethral stricture disease is a challenging condition with a propensity for recurrence following endoscopic management. In recent years, earlier definitive urethral reconstruction has been advocated through international guidelines, prompted by series suggesting the underutilization of urethroplasty at rates of 0.6–0.8%. However, little local data exists to characterize our urethral stricture patients and we aimed to characterize the management of patients with urethral stricture disease presenting over a 10‐year period to a single regional centre.MethodsPatients with urethral stricture disease and admitted to a regional health service were identified. Retrospective chart review was undertaken for patients detailing basic demographics, stricture characteristics, clinical management and follow up.ResultsWe identified 360 patients with median age 69 years (interquartile range 56–77). A total of 191 (53%) presented with lower urinary tract symptoms, 122 (34%) urethral strictures were incidental, and 13% presented in urinary retention. Bulbar urethral strictures were the commonest strictures at 40% with most being spontaneous or idiopathic (67%). A total of 339 patients had treatment during their first admission, 48% of patients had subsequent treatment on a second episode, and over 20% had a third or subsequent treatment. Only 21 (5.8%) underwent urethroplasty. Urethral dilatation and optical urethrotomy were most commonly performed (54%). With follow up 19 months (interquartile range 2–56), 205 (57%) were voiding, 38 (11%) were performing intermittent catheterization, and 59 were catheterized permanently.ConclusionDefinitive urethral reconstruction appears underutilized in our cohort of patients. A high proportion of incidentally presenting urethral strictures emphasizes the importance of wider education to optimize patient outcomes.
Is it worth reducing twins to singletons after IVF‐ET? A retrospective cohort study using propensity score matching
Authors: Luo Lu , Fan Xiong‐zhi , Jie Hui‐ying , Gao Yong , Chen Minghui , Zhou Canquan , Wang Qiong 
Published: May 2019

AbstractIntroductionMany studies have shown that multifetal reduction of high‐order multiple pregnancies results in improved pregnancy outcomes. However, whether conducting elective fetal reduction from dichorionic twins after in vitro fertilization (IVF) is worthwhile remains controversial. This study aimed to determine whether elective fetal reduction of dichorionic twins after IVF and embryo transfer (IVF‐ET) is associated with increased take‐home baby rate.Material and methodsThis was a retrospective cohort study of 3600 dichorionic twin pregnancies after IVF‐ET. The reduced group included 71 women with transvaginal elective fetal reduction between 7 and 8 weeks of gestation. The control group (n = 3529) comprised women who were managed expectantly. Propensity score matching was conducted before pregnancy outcomes were compared.ResultsThe take‐home baby rate was significantly lower in the reduced group (83.1% vs 92.8%, P = 0.004). The total miscarriage rate was significantly higher in the reduced group (12.7% vs 6.2%, P = 0.04). Although preterm delivery rate was lower in the reduced group (P < 0.001), over 90% were over 32 weeks, whereas the proportions were equal in the reduced group.ConclusionsIn dichorionic twin pregnancies after IVF‐ET, elective fetal reduction to singleton significantly decreased the chance of taking home live babies.