bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The riddle of self-centered leadership in Arab organizations: a measurement scale
Authors: Hawass Hisham Hamid 
Published: December 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to develop a scale to empirically measure the self-centered leadership SCL pattern in Arab organizations.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper depends on two Egyptian samples. It has conducted exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis and multiple regression analyses to generate the proposed SCL measurement scale.

Findings
The analyses have revealed that the new measurement scale is valid and reliable. They have also confirmed the multidimensional structure of the self-centered leadership construct.

Originality/value
The Arab leadership literature is in short of scales which take into consideration the specialties of the Arab cultures. Therefore, this study fills a lacuna in international research which examines Arab leadership behaviors from a culture-bound perspective.
Prevalence of general and abdominal obesity among adolescents attending independent schools in Qatar
Authors: Kerkadi Abdelhamid , Hassan Abdelmonem Sadig , Al Thani Al Anoud Mohammed , Al Chetachi Walaa , Akram Hammad , Bawadi Hiba , Vinodson Benjamin , Risk Nassar Moustafa Ragheb 
Published: December 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to determine the prevalence of general and abdominal obesity among adolescents attending independent schools in Qatar.

Design/methodology/approaches
A school-based cross-sectional study was conducted in November-December 2013 in 23 secondary schools. A total of 1,161 students aged 14 to 19 year olds were randomly selected using a multistage stratified cluster random sampling technique. Body weight, height and waist circumference (WC) were measured using standard protocol. The International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) age- and sex-specific body mass index (BMI) reference were used to define overweight and obesity. Abdominal obesity (AO) was defined by waist to height ratio (WHtR ≥ 0.5) and by sex- and age-specific WC cut-off values.

Findings
The prevalence of overweight and obesity among the study population was 20.6 and 20.7%, respectively. The highest rate of overweight and obesity was observed among boys, and the youngest age group. The rate of obesity defined by either WC/or WHtR was higher than that assessed by BMI. The prevalence of AO assessed by WC and WHtR was 48.8 and 46.9%, respectively. The rate of AO was significantly higher (p < 0.05) among boys compared to girls for both assessment criteria. The proportion of adolescents with AO (WHtR ≥ 0.5) according to BMI was 17.3%, 80.8% and 97.1% for adolescents with normal, overweight and obesity had AO, respectively. Being male was significantly associated with higher odds of having both general obesity and AO.

Originality/value
The study revealed a high prevalence of general and abdominal obesity in adolescents in Qatar. Waist measures appear to be an important indicator in identifying adolescents at risk and should be included as screening tools for cardiometabolic risk.
Computerised Handwriting Speed Test System (CHSTS): Validation of a handwriting assessment for Chinese secondary students
Authors: Li‐Tsang Cecilia W. P. , Li Tim M. H. , Lau Mandy S. W. , Lo Amy G. W. , Ho Choco H. Y. , Leung Howard W. H. 
Published: December 2018

Background/aimHandwriting difficulties can be detrimental to students’ performance in school tests and even in public examinations. It is crucial for school‐based occupational therapists to identify students with handwriting difficulties and support them with appropriate adaptive strategies. The purpose of this study is to validate a computerised assessment – the Computerised Handwriting Speed Test System (CHSTS) of both Chinese and English handwriting for Chinese secondary students and provide an objective reference for extra time allowance in paper‐based examinations.MethodsThe internal consistency, test–retest reliability, convergent and discriminant validity of CHSTS were examined using the data from 512 typically developing students and 64 students with special educational needs (SEN) in Hong Kong mainstream secondary schools.ResultsHandwriting performance of senior students was better than that of junior students. High internal consistency was shown by over 0.80 Cronbach's α in all measurement items and over 0.90 item‐total correlations in temporal domain items. Intra‐class correlation indicated good to excellent test–retest reliability of CHSTS (all P < 0.0001). Principal Component Analysis revealed that four components in CHSTS accounted for over 80% of the variance. Handwriting performance was positively associated with manual coordination, automaticity and oculomotor control (all P < 0.05) in linear regression analyses. Students with SEN could be effectively differentiated from typically developing students (over 75% sensitivity and specificity) based on the CHSTS items.ConclusionValidation of CHSTS is the groundwork for identifying students with handwriting difficulties and providing adaptive strategies including fair special examination arrangements for these students.
New graduate occupational therapists’ narratives of ethical tensions encountered in practice
Authors: Hazelwood Tori , Baker Amy , Murray Carolyn M. , Stanley Mandy 
Published: December 2018

Background/aimProfessionals in health and social care have high workloads and are working with diverse populations in hierarchical and complicated service delivery systems. There is increasing pressure on new graduates because they are expected to be immediately work ready and may not receive adequate support or supervision. It is well known that there can be issues with satisfaction and retention rates of new graduates due to the challenges they experience. Ethical tensions are an unavoidable part of occupational therapy practice and may contribute to unique challenges for new graduates who may not yet have the personal resources to make sense of these independently. New graduate occupational therapy perceptions of ethical tensions have not yet been explored and this study sought to fill this gap. Exploring the ethical tensions experienced by new graduates can inform appropriate policies, procedures, preparedness and standards.MethodsA qualitative study using narrative enquiry was undertaken in which stories were gathered from eight new graduate occupational therapists who had been working for 6–24 months. Semi‐structured in‐depth interviews were used to gather data. Transcripts were analysed following narrative analysis guidelines. Member checking, reflexivity and keeping an audit trail of methodological and analytical decisions were employed to strengthen the rigour of the study.ResultsAnalysis revealed six predominant themes: working in a business model, respecting client choice, dealing with aggression and death, mandatory reporting is hard to do, differing team values, and feeling devalued and unsupported.ConclusionThe findings highlight the importance of understanding the ethical tensions faced by new graduates and of exploring ways to assist new graduates to respond constructively to ethical dilemmas, distress and uncertainties. To address the risk of attrition, graduates need systems in place for accessing support to increase preparedness to respond to ethical tensions when they do arise.
Immediate versus delayed removal of urinary catheter after laparoscopic hysterectomy: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Sandberg EM , Twijnstra ARH , van Meir CA , Kok HS , van Geloven N , Gludovacz K , Kolkman W , Nagel HTC , Haans LCF , Kapiteijn K , Jansen FW 
Published: December 2018

ObjectiveTo evaluate if immediate catheter removal (ICR) after laparoscopic hysterectomy is associated with similar retention outcomes compared with delayed removal (DCR).Study designNon‐inferiority randomised controlled trial.PopulationWomen undergoing laparoscopic hysterectomy in six hospitals in the Netherlands.MethodsWomen were randomised to ICR or DCR (between 18 and 24 hours after surgery).Primary outcomeThe inability to void within 6 hours after catheter removal.ResultsOne hundred and fifty‐five women were randomised to ICR (n = 74) and DCR (n = 81). The intention‐to‐treat and per‐protocol analysis could not demonstrate the non‐inferiority of ICR: ten women with ICR could not urinate spontaneously within 6 hours compared with none in the delayed group (risk difference 13.5%, 5.6–24.8, P = 0.88). However, seven of these women could void spontaneously within 9 hours without additional intervention. Regarding the secondary outcomes, eight women from the delayed group requested earlier catheter removal because of complaints (9.9%). Three women with ICR (4.1%) had a urinary tract infection postoperatively versus eight with DCR (9.9%, risk difference −5.8%, −15.1 to 3.5, P = 0.215). Women with ICR mobilised significantly earlier (5.7 hours, 0.8–23.3 versus 21.0 hours, 1.4–29.9; P ≤ 0.001).ConclusionThe non‐inferiority of ICR could not be demonstrated in terms of urinary retention 6 hours after procedure. However, 70% of the women with voiding difficulties could void spontaneously within 9 hours after laparoscopic hysterectomy. It is therefore questionable if all observed urinary retention cases were clinically relevant. As a result, the clinical advantages of ICR may still outweigh the risk of bladder retention and it should therefore be considered after uncomplicated laparoscopic hysterectomy.Tweetable abstractThe advantages of immediate catheter removal after laparoscopic hysterectomy seem to outweigh the risk of bladder retention.
Impact of Cereal Seed Sprouting on Its Nutritional and Technological Properties: A Critical Review
Authors: Lemmens Elien , Moroni Alice V. , Pagand Jennifer , Heirbaut Pieter , Ritala Anneli , Karlen Yann , Lê Kim‐Anne , Van den Broeck Hetty C. , Brouns Fred J.P.H. , De Brier Niels , Delcour Jan A. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractSprouting induces activation and de novo synthesis of hydrolytic enzymes that make nutrients available for plant growth and development. Consumption of sprouted grains is suggested to be beneficial for human health. Positive consumer perceptions about sprouted cereals have resulted in new food and beverage product launches. However, because there is no generally accepted definition of “sprouting,” it is unclear when grains are to be called sprouted. Moreover, guidelines about how much sprouted grain material food products should contain to exert health benefits are currently lacking. Accordingly, there is no regulatory base to develop appropriate food labeling for “sprouted foods.” This review describes the nutritional and technological properties of sprouted grains in relation to processing conditions and provides guidelines to optimize sprouting practices in order to maximize nutritive value. Relatively long sprouting times (3 to 5 days) and/or high processing temperatures (25 to 35 °C) are needed to maximize the de novo synthesis and/or release of plant bioactive compounds. Nutrient compositional changes resulting from sprouting are often associated with health benefits. However, supportive data from clinical studies are very scarce, and at present it is impossible to draw any conclusion on health benefits of sprouted cereals. Finally, grains sprouted under the above‐mentioned conditions are generally unfit for use in traditional food processing and it is challenging to use sprouted grains as ingredients without compromising their nutrient content. The present review provides a basis for better defining what “sprouting” is, and to help further research and development efforts in this field as well as future food regulations development.
Genetic variation of COI gene of the Korean medicinal centipede Scolopendra mutilans Koch, 1878 (Scolopendromorpha: Scolopendridae)
Authors: Han Taeman , Lee Young Bo , Kim Seung‐Hyun , Yoon Hyung Joo , Park In Gyun , Park Haechul 
Published: December 2018

AbstractIn Korea, the centipede called “Wang‐ji‐ne” or “O‐gong” is used as an important medicinal resource. This centipede has been known as Scolopendra subspinipes mutilans Koch 1878. Recent studies have assessed its taxonomic treatment in several geographical populations from China, Japan and Taiwan, but not Korea. We therefore attempted to assess exact species status for the Korean population of this subspecies using both morphological and DNA barcode methods. The result inferred from DNA barcoding showed that the Korean population is S. mutilans explicitly separated from S. subspinipes. Within S. mutilans, the Korean population is morphologically identical and genetically closer to the Chinese population rather than island populations of Japan and Taiwan. Particularly, the mainland populations from Korea and China share six haplotypes from 17 despite being far apart geographically.
The effects of cold treatment on the pupal period, emergence rate, and number of Protaetia brevitarsis larvae spawned
Authors: Jang Heeseung , Choi Moon Bo , Lee Hyoki , Kim Yeongbu , Kwon Ohseok 
Published: December 2018

AbstractTo develop a system for the mass production of Protaetia brevitarsis larvae (Pbl), this study analyzed the oviposition characteristics of third instar Pbl through successive rearing and cold treatments. In the first generation, females laid 50 eggs each on average, and spawned higher numbers of eggs for the first 5 days but then fewer after this. However, all of the 2nd‐generation females that were produced through the successive rearing of eggs from the 1st generation did not spawn. When test insects (TI) were raised at 32°C, their mean ± SE pupal period and emergence rate were 28.4 ± 1.9 days and 87%, respectively. However, most individuals raised in cold treatments (5°C and − 5°C) without a pre‐cooling period did not survive. Individuals exposed to a pre‐cooling period, however, had a 7–10 days longer pupal period than those raised at 32°C, and their emergence rate (90%) was slightly higher. Different cold treatment temperatures (0°C, 3°C, or 5°C) and periods (30 or 60 days) were tested in further experiments. The experimental group kept for 30 days at 0°C and 3°C had the shortest pupal period of all, and emergence rates exceeded 90% in most groups. With respect to the number of eggs spawned by the second generation females after cold treatments, the experimental groups held in cold treatments at 5°C for 30 and 60 days were found to spawn the most eggs. Consequently, the experimental group kept at 5°C for 30 days was the most effective set of conditions tested during the entire breeding period.
Research Progress on Flavor Compounds and Microorganisms of Maotai Flavor Baijiu
Authors: Wang Ming‐Yao , Yang Jian‐Gang , Zhao Qing‐Song , Zhang Kai‐Zheng , Su Chang 
Published: December 2018

AbstractMaotai‐flavor liquor is one of the three basic traditional Chinese baijiu and is also the most famous baijiu in the world. Guizhou Maotai baijiu is the representative of Maotai‐flavor liquor, which has a long history of culture and is prepared using unique brewing methods. However, the main flavor of Maotai‐flavor liquor as well as the mechanism by which its aroma is produced is unclear. In this review, the Da‐qu production and fermentation processes for Maotai‐flavor liquor are briefly described along with the flavoring constituents of Maotai‐flavor liquor that have been recently reported. In addition, the volatile compounds and the aroma derived from Maotai‐flavor liquor are discussed. Finally, the microorganisms for the high‐temperature Daqu and fermentation processes of Maotai‐flavor liquor are discussed.Practical ApplicationMaotai is one of the most famous baijiu in China and the most valuable in the market. However, it is unclear what is the key flavor of Maotai and what microbial metabolism is produced. So, if we can figure out the key flavor substances of Maotai baijiu, we can use the various technology to explore the microbes that produce this flavor to understand the mechanism of the production of Maotai. This will not only achieve breakthroughs in academic value, but also bring higher value to Maotai. On this basis, we can brew Maotai baijiu with better quality according to the fermentation mechanism of Maotai.
Application and preliminary validation of the hip inflammation MRI scoring system (HIMRISS) in spondyloarthritis
Authors: Zheng Yan , Zhang Kui , Han Qing , Hao Yuewen , Liu Ying , Yin Hong , Ding Jin , Zheng Zhaohui , Leng Nan , Jia Junfeng , Wu Zhenbiao , Zhu Ping 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAimsSpondyloarthritis (SpA) is an inflammatory rheumatic disease and hip involvement often results in severe deformities and functional impairment. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a powerful imaging tool for detecting early hip lesions in SpA. The aims of this study are to apply the hip inflammation MRI scoring system (HIMRISS) in SpA patients and to evaluate its reproducibility and validity.MethodsFour readers new to HIMRISS (two radiologists and two rheumatologists) scored the MRI scans obtained from a total of 55 SpA patients with hip lesions in two separate exercises (33 patients in exercise 1 and 22 patients in exercise 2). After the training and review process for exercise 1, these well‐trained readers with expertise in the HIMRISS method scored the scans obtained from 22 patients and evaluated the association between HIMRISS and clinical activity of SpA, including Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score (ASDAS), laboratory features, Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index and Harris hip scores.ResultsHIMRISS is a reliable MRI scoring method for bone merrow lesions (BML) and synovitis in SpA. After 2 training exercises, the reliability improved from 0.67 to 0.90. The reliability for detecting femoral BML, acetabular BML, and synovitis effusion was very good after the 2 exercises (overall intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.73, 0.84 and 0.88, respectively). The clinical correlations between HIMRISS and ASDAS were most significant, and the correlations were closer to summed bilateral HIMRISS scores than just the worse side. HIMRISS was found to be an excellent tool for the early diagnosis of inflammation before the occurrence of structural damage, which was not significantly reflected in the systemic diagnosis.ConclusionHIMRISS offers a reliable MRI scoring method for hip joint in SpA, and it is beneficial for early detection and fast quantification in disease activity assessment.
Raynaud’s phenomenon and anti‐nuclear antibody are associated with pulmonary function decline in patients with dermatomyositis and polymyositis
Authors: Park Eun Hye , Hwang Woo Chang , Lee Youngjo , Lee Eun Young , Lee Eun Bong , Song Yeong Wook , Park Jin Kyun 
Published: December 2018

AbstractObjectivesTo identify factors associated with deterioration of pulmonary function with disproportional decline in diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO) relative to forced vital capacity (FVC) in patients with dermatomyositis (DM) and polymyositis (PM).MethodsThis retrospective cohort study included patients with DM and PM, in whom serial pulmonary function tests were available. Changes in FVC and DLCO over time were estimated using a linear mixed‐effects model.ResultsA total of 103 patients were included. During follow‐up, 31 (30.1%) and 37 (35.9%) had a disproportionally better (ΔDLCO/ΔFVC>mean slope + 95% CI) or a disproportionally worse (ΔDLCO/ΔFVC <mean slope – 95% CI) DLCO change relative to FVC change. After adjusting for age, gender and diagnosis, Raynaud's phenomenon (RP) and anti‐nuclear antibodies (ANA) increased the risk of disproportional DLCO decline (odds ratio [OR]: 6.32, 95% CI: 1.34‐29.81, P = 0.022; OR: 3.92, 95% CI: 1.21‐12.67, P = 0.020, respectively). Patients with ANA and RP tended to deteriorate, whereas those without ANA and RP improved (FVC: −4.5 ± 14.4 vs 11.1% ± 27.5%/y, P = 0.38; DLCO: −17.0 ± 24.9 vs 9.8% ± 25.4%/year, P = 0.015). More patients with ANA and RP tended to reach progressive DLCO decline (DLCO <40%) than ANA/RP‐negative patients (P = 0.05). Trends toward higher rates of pulmonary hypertension and higher systolic pulmonary arterial pressure were observed in those with both ANA and RP.ConclusionThis study identifies RP and ANA as risk factors for the deterioration of pulmonary function with disproportional DLCO decline relative to FVC.
Alcohol consumption and hospitalization burden in an adult Italian population: prospective results from the Moli‐sani study
Authors: Costanzo Simona , Mukamal Kenneth J. , Di Castelnuovo Augusto , Bonaccio Marialaura , Olivieri Marco , Persichillo Mariarosaria , De Curtis Amalia , Cerletti Chiara , Donati Maria Benedetta , de Gaetano Giovanni , Iacoviello Licia ,   on behalf of the Moli‐sani Study Investigators
Published: December 2018

AbstractBackground and aimsEpidemiological evidence on the impact of different alcohol drinking patterns on health‐care systems or hospitalizations is sparse. We investigated how the different average volumes of alcohol consumed relate to all‐cause and cause‐specific hospitalizations.DesignProspective cohort study (baseline 2005–10) linked to a registry of hospital discharge records to identify hospitalizations at follow‐up (December 2013).SettingMolise region, Italy.ParticipantsA total of 20 682 individuals (48% men, age ≥ 35 years) who participated in the Moli‐sani Study and were free from cardiovascular disease or cancer at baseline.MeasurementsThe alcohol volume consumed in the year before enrolment was classified as: life‐time abstainers, former drinkers, occasional drinkers and current drinkers who drank 1–12 (referent), 12.1–24, 24.1–48 and > 48 g/day of alcohol. Cause‐specific hospitalizations were assigned by Italian Diagnosis Related Groups classification or by ICD‐9 code of main admission diagnoses. Incidence rate ratios (IRR) of hospitalization were estimated by Poisson regression, taking into account the total number of admissions that occurred during the follow‐up per person.FindingsDuring a median follow‐up of 6.3 years, 12 996 multiple hospital admissions occurred. In multivariable analyses, life‐time abstainers and former drinkers had higher rates of all‐cause [IRR = 1.11, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.05–1.17 and IRR = 1.19, 95% CI = 1.02–1.31, respectively] and vascular (IRR = 1.14, 95% CI = 1.02–1.27 and IRR = 1.48, 95% CI = 1.24–1.76, respectively) hospitalizations compared with light alcohol consumers. Alcohol consumption > 48 g/day was associated with a higher rate of hospitalization for both alcohol‐related diseases (IRR = 1.74, 95% CI = 1.32–2.29) and cancer (IRR = 1.36, 95% CI = 1.12–1.65). The magnitude of the association between heavier alcohol intake and hospitalization tended to be greater in smokers than non‐smokers. No associations were observed with hospitalization for trauma or neurodegenerative diseases.ConclusionsModerate alcohol consumption appears to have a modest but complex impact on global hospitalization burden. Heavier drinkers have a higher rate of hospitalization for all causes, including alcohol‐related diseases and cancer, a risk that appears to be further magnified by concurrent smoking.