bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thermophysical Diversity of Young Lunar Crater Ejecta Revealed with LRO Diviner Observations
Authors: Gallinger Cailin L. , Williams Jean-Pierre , Neish Catherine D. , Powell Tyler M. , Elder Catherine M. , Ghent Rebecca R. , Hayne Paul O. , Paige David A. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Young (<1 Ga) craters on the Moon are known to host diverse mixtures of ejecta with varying spectral and physical properties. In this work, we examine 13 yr of bolometric surface temperature data from the Diviner Lunar Radiometer on board the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter over the ejecta blankets of 10 lunar craters of varying sizes (D = 5–43 km) and ages (<10 to ∼200 Ma) to study the spatial variation in their thermophysical characteristics. We find that a one-dimensional thermal model with two free parameters—the bottom-layer bulk density, ρ

d
, and the transition height between the surface and bottom-layer densities, H—is able to accurately fit these data over our study regions, in contrast to previous models that assumed a constant ρ

d
. Based on the best-fit model parameters, young crater ejecta can be divided into three classes: (1) “blocky” regions with a high abundance of boulders >1 m in diameter, (2) “clastic” ejecta with varying levels of vertical density stratification, and (3) “impact melts” with high thermal inertia materials buried under a layer of less dense material. These thermophysically derived classes correlate strongly with observed morphology in high-resolution images and polarimetric signatures in decimeter-wavelength radar, and their thermophysical properties evolve distinctly with crater age. This technique represents the first time impact melt in many forms can be quantitatively distinguished by its physical properties from other types of ejecta using remote-sensing data and could have applications in validating models of impact ejecta production and deposition.
Vertebra-pediculoplasty to Prevent Cement Dislodgment in Coronary Split or Severe Osteoporotic Vertebral Fracture after Cement Augmentation
Authors: Wu Tsung-Mu , Chang Wen-Shuo , Chen Kuan-Ting , Chien Chi-Sheng , Lin Chun-Li , Wong Kin-Weng 
Published: November 2024

Background:
Although balloon kyphoplasty serves as a minimally invasive surgical technique for patients who are refractory to conservative treatment, cement dislodgment and anterior dislocation have been reported in specific type of fractures and patients with severe osteoporosis. The concept of vertebra-pediculoplasty was introduced as a minimally invasive treatment to prevent the aforementioned complications.

Objectives:
In this article, we report our method of vertebra-pediculoplasty accomplished with fenestrated pedicle screw augmentation in step-by-step detail.

Materials and Methods:
The procedure starts with a balloon kyphoplasty which is done through a more convergent trajectory. An additional negative pressure suction tube is utilized during the cement injection stage. In this way, the cement injected from both sides has a better chance to coalesce and unify inside the vertebral body. Before the cement hardens, the fenestrated pedicle screws are applied with the aid of a guidewire. Cement is again injected through the fenestrated pedicle screws to augment the screw–cement interface and fill the rest of the cavities.

Results:
In our series, no implant failure occurred in any patient. Ten patients had improved to minimal disability. The remaining four patients were classified as having a moderate level of disability. At the latest follow-up, no loss of reduction or dislocation of cement was observed.

Conclusions:
Vertebra-pediculoplasty is a minimally invasive surgery with a favorable biomechanical structure compared with traditional balloon kyphoplasty in certain types of vertebral fractures. Vertebra-pediculoplasty accomplished with fenestrated pedicle screw augmentation offers the advantages of secure fixation, favorable cement–implant integration, and a rod anchoring point for future spinal fixation.
Oropharyngeal Colostrum Administration in Premature Infants: Impact on Immune Status and Incidence of Common Morbidities
Authors: Mohammadizadeh Majid , Jafari Azadeh , Barekatain Behzad 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background:
Enteral feeding of preterm infants with maternal colostrum has well-known effects on protecting them, especially against serious infections. This study was conducted to determine whether oropharyngeal administration of colostrum to these infants, soon after birth, has any additional effect on their clinical outcomes and stimulation of their immune system.

Methods:
In this double-blind randomized clinical trial, 60 preterm infants ≤30 weeks’ gestation with birth weight ≤1500 g were randomly assigned to receive oropharyngeal colostrum (OAC group) or distilled water (DW group). Primary outcomes were urinary concentration of IgA on days 1, 8, and 15 of birth and incidence of late onset sepsis (LOS) and necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). Data were analyzed by independent samples t-test, repeated measures ANOVA, and Chi-square test using SPSS v. 25.

Results:
The frequency of LOS, NEC, CLD, and mortality and the mean duration of hospitalization and the time to reach full enteral feeding were similar in both groups (P > 0.05). The mean of urinary IgA levels increased significantly from the 1st day of birth to the 15th day of birth in the OAC group (P = 0.013) but decreased significantly from the 1st day of birth to the 8th and 15th days of birth in the DW group (P = 0.04). Results of repeated measures ANOVA test regarding the impact of the two interventions during the studied times on the level of IgA showed that the differences between the means were statistically significant [F (2,116) = 5.12, P = 0.007].

Conclusions:
Oropharyngeal administration of colostrum within the first days of life in preterm infants increases the concentration of IgA in urine. The impact of this immune response on common morbidities of these infants, particularly extremely low gestational age neonates, still needs to be investigated more in other larger studies.
The Efficacy of Zinc Gluconate Supplementation in the Improvement of Malnutrition Indices and Skin Abnormalities in Hemodialysis Patients: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Tavassoli Mohammad , Shahidi Shahrzad , Askari Gholamreza , Tavakoli Naser , Clark Cain C. T. , Rouhani Mohammad Hossein 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background:
Hemodialysis patients often suffer from several complications such as malnutrition and skin abnormalities. We hypothesized that zinc supplementation may improve these complications. The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of zinc gluconate supplementation on malnutrition and skin abnormalities.

Methods:
In this parallel randomized, double-blind, clinical trial, patients in the zinc group received 210 mg zinc gluconate (equivalent to 30 mg elemental zinc) per day. Skin abnormalities (i.e. xerosis and pruritus), body composition, anthropometric variables, handgrip strength, and appetite (including hunger, fullness, desire to eat, and prospective food consumption) were measured at the beginning and end of the study.

Results:
Eighty-seven hemodialysis patients were randomly assigned to the zinc (n = 44) or placebo (n = 43) group for 12 weeks, After this period, 75 patients (N = 38 in the zinc group and 37 in the placebo group) remained in the study. In this study, no specific side effects of zinc supplementation were observed and twelve participants were lost to follow-up (n = 6 in each group) because of migration, kidney transplantation, death, dialysis access infection, and personal reasons. Zinc supplementation had beneficial effects on hunger) 95% CI: 9/55 (3/67-15/42)), desire to eat) 95% CI: 7/03 (1/82-12/24)), and prospective food consumption) 95% CI: 3/46 (0/3-14/1)) compared with placebo. Also, zinc improved pruritus) 95% CI: −0/52 (−0/82 to − 0/22)). We observed no changes in body composition, anthropometric variables, handgrip strength, and xerosis in the zinc group compared with the placebo.

Conclusions:
This randomized clinical trial showed that zinc supplementation yielded beneficial effects on appetite and pruritus in hemodialysis patients.
Diagnostic accuracy of sino-nasal outcome test-22 and lund-kennedy endoscopic score for chronic rhinosinusitis in pre-bone marrow transplantation assessment
Authors: Taheri Abolfazl , Shahzamani Arvin , Asadi Mahboobe 
Published: November 2024

Background:
The diagnosis of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a crucial and challenging entity in bone marrow transplantation candidates. We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the Sino-Nasal Outcome Test (SNOT-22) and Lund-Kennedy endoscopic score for the diagnosis of CRS in bone marrow transplantation candidates.

Materials and Methods:
We conducted a single-center, observational study evaluating bone marrow transplantation candidates by paranasal sinus computed tomography (CT) scan without contrast to measure the Lund Mackay score. Patients with a Lund Mackay score higher than or equal to four or with any evidence of sino-nasal fungus ball in their paranasal sinus CT were considered CRS. The Lund Kennedy endoscopic score and SNOT-22 were also calculated for all participants.

Results:
This study included 495 patients, of which 63 were diagnosed with CRS. Participants had a median age of 40 (30, 57) years old and 51.3% were male. The Lund Kennedy score and SNOT-22 were correlated with the Lund Mackay score. Furthermore, both SNOT-22 and Lund Kennedy scores were the predictors of CRS based on univariate logistic regression (odds ratio [95% confidence interval (CI)]: 1.10 [1.06, 1.15], 1.37 [1.22, 1.56], respectively). Lund Kennedy score ≥1 had a sensitivity of 0.78 (95% CI: 0.66, 0.87) and a specificity of 0.76 (95% CI: 0.52, 0.83) (AUC [95% CI]: 0.81 [0.75, 0.87]), while SNOT-22 did not yield a remarkable diagnostic accuracy.

Conclusion:
The Lund-Kennedy endoscopy score could diagnose CRS in bone marrow transplantation candidates with satisfactory accuracy, whereas SNOT-22 lacks enough accuracy to be employed as an independent sino-nasal assessment modality in these patients.
Diversity of mosquito natural enemies and their feeding efficacy on Aedes vectors
Authors: Dissanayake Dinithi Shyamalee , Wijekoon Chandana Dammika , Wegiriya Hemantha 
Published: November 2024

Background & objectives:
Mosquito-bome diseases are a major health issue among communities in Asia, and dengue has become a serious public health concern in Sri Lanka with varying magnitude since 1960. With the realization of the failures and limitations of current vector control strategies, the authorities are moving towards simple, low- cost, and eco-friendly vector management methods. Thus, the present study was devised to evaluate the potential densities of mosquito natural enemies in natural water habitats in Galle district, Sri Lanka, and to investigate the feeding efficacy of prominent mosquito natural enemies on main dengue vectors (Aedes sp.) in a laboratory setting.

Methods:
The survey was carried out using eight sentinel sites in Galle district, and samples of mosquito natural enemies and mosquito larvae were collected, and identified using taxonomic keys.

Results:
Study records, the aquatic insects of family Hydrometridae, Belostomatidae, Notonectidae, Nepidae, Ranat- ridae, and Corixidae as dominant mosquito natural enemies, and Libellulidae and Dytiscidae insects as sub-dominant families. The highest density of the family Hydrometridae was recorded in rural, natural inland, and rocky study sites. The order Hemiptera was recorded as the key order of the mosquitos’ natural enemies in Galle district. The family Hydrometridae had the highest density of recorded mosquito natural enemies.

Interpretation & conclusion:

Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus were recorded as abundant vector mosquitoes. Family Nepidae is the most effective natural mosquito predator on Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus, and this knowledge will be vital for implementing future biological control strategies for Aedes vectors in Sri Lanka.
Persistent Sciatic Artery: A Persistent Threat to Limb
Authors: Kattoor Tom Thomas , Padmanabhan Aswin , John Binny 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Persistent sciatic artery (PSA) is a rare congenital vascular anomaly characterised by the persistence of the sciatic artery as the primary blood supply to the lower limb. This condition can lead to significant complications, such as aneurysms, atherosclerosis and limb ischaemia. In this case, a middle-aged male with diabetes and a history of smoking presented with chronic limb-threatening ischaemia in the right lower limb. He had a previous episode of acute limb ischaemia in the left lower limb 10 months prior. A computed tomography peripheral angiogram revealed bilateral complete PSA with a short segment occlusion in the right PSA at the thigh region. The patient underwent successful endovascular revascularisation but later required a below-knee amputation due to a gangrenous heel. While PSA is rare, it should be considered in patients with peripheral occlusive vascular disease. Early detection and appropriate management of PSA can help prevent severe complications. In this case, early diagnosis and intervention could have potentially prevented the progression of the disease and the need for a major amputation.
Sporadic Burkitt’s Lymphoma as a Lead Point in Ileocaecal Intussusception in an Adult – A Rare Presentation
Authors: Kumar R. Sathish , Cherian Mathew , Mubeena A. K. , Ramesan C. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Burkitt’s lymphoma (BL) is an aggressive, malignant non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma characterised by the rapid proliferation of B-cells. Intestinal intussusception is an uncommon cause of abdominal pain in adult males, and when found, it is usually due to an organic lesion. BL being a cause of intussusception is rare and more so to happen in an adult makes it a very rare phenomenon. Here, we present a rare case of a 19-year-old male who presented with ileocaecal intussusception as a result of BL.
Neonatal outcome in mothers with sickle cell disease compared to neonatal outcome in mothers without sickle cell disease at a tertiary care facility
Authors: Nahrel Rakesh , Chandraker Ankita , Agrawal Poonam , Sahu Atul 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background:
Sickle cell illness can complicate pregnancy. Vascular blockage in placenta can result in villous fibrosis, necrosis, and infarction. This can affect uteroplacental circulation, which can have a negative impact on fetus’s health and cause persistent hypoxia.

Objective:
To compare neonatal outcome of sickling positive mother and nonsickling mother.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional and comparative study was conducted among 100 neonates. There were two groups of mothers. First group of 50 mothers with sickle cell disease (SCD) and second of 50 mothers without SCD (non-SCD). Detailed history, thorough physical examination, measurements of the neonate’s, assessment of vital signs, various laboratory tests, and sickling solubility test within 48 h of birth were performed.

Results:
Both groups were comparable for age, education, social class, body mass index, and history of abortion (P > 0.05). Employed women were significantly more in SCD group compared to non-SCD group (P < 0.05). Proportion of anemia and lower segment cesarean section rate were significantly more in SCD group compared to non-SCD group (P < 0.05). Mean hemoglobin was significantly lower in women with SCD compared to women with sickle cell trait and women with non-SCD (P < 0.05). Proportion of preterm was comparable in two groups (P > 0.05). However, proportion of low birth weight, low Appearance, Pulse, Grimace, Activity and Respiration score, admission to neonatal intensive care unit, and adverse fetal outcome were significantly more in SCD group compared to non-SCD group (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
Maternal and fetal complications such as preeclampsia, eclampsia, anemia, prematurity, low birth weight, intrauterine growth retardation, IUD, stillbirth, and early neonatal death are significantly higher in pregnant sickle cell patients. Close supervision of these pregnancies with a multidisciplinary approach between hematologist, obstetrician, and pediatrician is essential.
Value of Preoperative Risk Adjustment in Congenital Heart Surgery Score versus the Vasoactive-ventilation-renal Score for Predicting Postoperative Outcomes in Neonates and Children
Authors: Bakhsh Mohammed , Alhindi Mohammed , Abdulaziz Jamanah , Elbehery Mostafa , Anbarserry Israa , Aboremsh Hayam Abdulsalam 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objectives:
The objectives of this study was to compare the postcardiac surgery vasoactive-ventilation-renal (VVR) score with the preoperative risk adjustment in congenital heart surgery score (RACHS) for predicting postsurgical outcomes in children.

Materials and Methods:
This retrospective cohort study enrolled 70 patients between January 2018 and December 2019. Correlation and strength of association were assessed for RACHS and VVR scores against intensive care unit (ICU) length of stay (LOS) >5 days and hospital LOS >7 days. The receiver operating characteristic analysis was done to generate coordinates, cutoff values, and accuracies.

Results:
The median age, RACHS score, and bypass time were 6 months, 2, and 93 min, respectively. There was a positive correlation between the VVR score and hospital LOS, ICU LOS, length of intubation, and RACHS at all time points (0, 12, 24, and 48 h) with assigned cutoff values.

Conclusions:
There was a positive correlation between the RACHS and VVR scores. The VVR scores were valid for short-term prognostic outcomes.
Influence Of Principals’ Students Financial Support Practices On Students’ Retention In Public Day Secondary Schools In Nakuru County
Authors: Njambi Nyaga Elsie , Nyabisi Emily , Oigara Peterson 
Published: November 2024

The purpose of this study was to establish the influence of principals’ students financial support practices on students’ retention in public day secondary schools in Nakuru County. The study was guided by Tintos’ student integration theory. The mixed methods research approach was adopted using the concurrent triangulation research design. The target population was 38,863 comprising of 293 principals, 3962 teachers and 34597 students in public-day secondary schools only and 11 Sub- County Directors of Education. The sample size was 574 participants, comprising of samples of 90 principals 363 teachers, 110 students and 11 SCDE. The sample size of 363 teachers was determined using Slovenes’ formula. Interview schedules were used to collect qualitative data from Sub-County Director of Education while questionnaires were used to collect quantitative data from principals and teachers and focus group discussions from students. Quantitative data was analysed using descriptive such as frequencies, percentages and means, and inferential statistics which included Pearson Correlation and Regression Analysis. The study findings showed that the principal’s financial management practices had a positive correlation with significant effects on student retention (r= 0.360; p < 0.05). The study recommends that Schools should implement income-generating projects, raise awareness of bursaries and scholarships, and provide flexible payment options to reduce financial barriers and improve student retention. Authorities should promote policies that support financially disadvantaged students by encouraging such initiatives, ensuring access to scholarships, and offering flexible payment options for essential programs.
إرهاصات الحرب الباردة، معاهدة الصداقة السوفيتية-الفنلندية 1948 أنموذجاً
Authors: Asst.  Prof. Dr.Zaydan Hassan Hawi ALshweli  
Published: November 2024

هيأت سنوات الحرب بين الاتحاد السوفيتي وفنلندا أبان الحرب العالمية الثانية فرصة جديدة لكلا البلدين لفهم استحقاقات ظروف الواقع الجيوسياسي والتعاطي معه بإيجابية بدل الصدام المسلح ،لاسيما بعد استهلال تطورات الحرب الباردة، وما أوجدته من تحالفات عسكرية وسياسية.على أية حال، أسفر التقييم السليم لمديات هذه العلاقة عن توقيع معاهدة الصداقة 1948 ،والتي استندت على إدراك هلسنكي لحاجة موسكو للأمن والدفاع ،مقابل موافقة الأخيرة على احتفاظ جارتهم الصغيرة باستقلالها ونظامها الغربي .ولعل الأهم من كل هذا، ان المعاهدة أضحت ميثاق مقدس في التعاطي مع التطورات المتلاحقة على طول سنوات الحرب الباردة حتى سقوط الاتحاد السوفيتي1991 مما ساهمة في تعايش فنلندا مع الاتحاد السوفيتي بسلام ويسر.
Integrating Personality Traits in AI-driven Business Leadership: The Role of Emotional Intelligence, Achievement Orientation, Analytical Thinking, and Structured Leadership Using the FIKR Personality Assessment Tool
Authors: Yap Chee Kong , Leow Chee Seng , Vincent Leong Wing Sum 
Published: November 2024

In the rapidly evolving landscape of AI-driven business environments, the integration of key personality traits—Emotional Intelligence, Achievement Orientation, Analytical Thinking, and Structured Leadership—into leadership practices is becoming increasingly crucial. This study explores the significance of these four traits in enhancing business leadership in the AI era. By analyzing data from 409 respondents using the FIKR personality assessment, the study identifies how these traits contribute to effective leadership, particularly in managing the human-AI interface, driving performance, making data-driven decisions, and ensuring the ethical implementation of AI technologies. The findings highlight that leaders who cultivate these traits are better equipped to navigate the complexities of modern business environments, ensuring that AI enhances rather than disrupts organizational success. The study concludes that the future of business leadership lies in harmonizing human traits with AI capabilities to drive innovation, ethical decision-making, and sustainable growth. In conclusion, integrating Emotional Intelligence, Achievement Orientation, Analytical Thinking, and Structured Leadership into leadership practices is crucial for navigating the challenges and opportunities presented by the AI era. These traits enable leaders to manage the human-AI interface effectively, drive innovation, make data-driven decisions, and implement AI technologies responsibly. As AI continues to reshape the business world, leaders who cultivate these traits will be better equipped to lead their organizations to success, ensuring that AI enhances rather than disrupts their operations. This finding will explore how these traits are interconnected and how they can be harnessed to achieve effective and ethical leadership in the AI-driven business landscape.

Received: 21 August 2024 | Revised: 28 October 2024 | Accepted: 30 October 2024

Conflicts of Interest
The author declares that he has no conflicts of interest to this work.

Data Availability Statement
Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no new data were created or analyzed in this study.

Author Contribution Statement
Chee Kong Yap: Conceptualization, Methodology, Validation, Investigation, Resources, Data curation, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing, Visualization, Supervision, Project administration, Funding acquisition. Chee Seng Leow: Conceptualization, Methodology, Validation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Resources, Data curation, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing, Visualization, Supervision, Project administration, Funding acquisition. Wing Sum Vincent Leong: Software, Validation, Formal analysis, Resources, Data curation, Writing - original draft, Visualization, Funding acquisition.