bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Ultraviolet-Enhanced Ozonation on Degradation of Ammonia and Urea in Fertilizer Plant Wastewater
Authors: Muhammad Yusuf AR , Mulana Farid , Said Syahiddin Dahlan 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Ammonia and urea contained in fertilizer plant wastewater are pollutants to the environment. High concentration of ammonium and urea in wastewater can affects algae blooms in ecosystem which will generate various diseases in aquatic biota. It is known that there are many methods for degradation of ammonium and urea contained in fertilizer plant wastewater. One of potential method is ultraviolet-enhanced ozonation. Ozonation is oxidation with O3 that generates hydroxyl radicals which subsequently react with organic contaminants, while UV irradiation can break down O3 molecules and produce radical ions OH∗. The objectives of this study were to examine the effects of the utilization of the ultraviolet-enhanced ozonation method in degradation of various initial ammonium (100-300 ppm) and urea concentration (100-300 ppm) in inlet feed of ozonation-UV irradiation combination system. Some important variables such as contact time (0-120 minutes) and ozone feed rate of 0.2, 0.6, and 1.21 g/h were evaluated. Degradation process was carried out in two steps; ozonation and UV irradiation. Ozonation process was carried out in a contacting tank at constant feed flow rate of 1.5 l/min and at room temperature, while UV irradiation process was conducted in pipeline equipped with UV lamp at various contact time. The ultraviolet-enhanced ozonation could degraded ammonium and urea nitrogen up to 83.6% and 63.8%, respectively, at ozone feed rate 1,21 g/h, contacting time 60 and 120 min, initial feed concentration of ammonia (100 ppm) and urea (40 ppm).
Polyurethane/Bentonite/Chitosan Blend for Improved Thermal and Protection Microorganisms for Paint Application
Authors: Rihayat T , Suryani  , Satriananda  , Yunus M , Sariadi  , Fitria  
Published: June 2019

Abstract
In this study polyurethane synthesis was carried out using the pre-polymer method using the reaction of Toulena Diisocyanate (TDI) with oleic acid-based palm oil polyols. To provide heat resistance properties for coating paint material, add bentonite (B) and chitosan (K) to polyurethane samples. The concentrations of bentonite and chitosan used were 1% b / b, 2% b / b and 3% b / b, respectively. Palm oil-based oleic acid polyol samples were analyzed for chemical compound structure using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) obtained by O-H group at a wavelength of 3437.15 cm-1. Preparation of bentonite and chitosan purification was done by adding cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide solution to bentonite solution and CH3 3 COOH 2% solution and NaOH into chitosan solution, successfully increasing the d-spacing layer with the acquisition of 1.144 nm to 1.513 nm in bentonite and 1.117 nm to 1.475 nm in chitosan and an increase in the value of heat resistance is evidenced by the results of observations using XRD and Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA).
Effect of ZnO / Clay Nanoparticles Concentration Ratios to Improve the Mechanical Properties of Cassava Starch Bioplastics Film for Food Packaging Applications
Authors: Sariadi  , Harunsyah  , Raudah  
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Nowadays, conventional plastics are extensively used in almost daily activities such as the plastic packaging bags produced from polyethylene and polypropylene. However, the products from these polymers cause the environmental problem. To solve this problem the conventional plastic can replace with biodegradable plastic. The main objective of this study is to improve mechanical properties of biodegradable plastic by the addition of percent ratio ZnO/Clay nanoparticles as enforcement. All biodegradable plastic was formed by casting method. The addition of ZnO/clay nanoparticles in the plastic films was varied from 0:1%, 0.1:0.9%, 0.2:0.8%, 0.3:0.7%, 0.4:0.6%, 0.5:0.5%, 0.6:0.4%, 0.7:0.3%, 0.8:0.2% 0.9:0.1% and 1:0% (w/w) by weight of starch. Structural characterization was done by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Surface morphologies of the plastic film were examined by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The result showed that the tensile strength (TS) was improved significantly with the addition of ZnO/Clay nanoparticles. The optimum tensile strength obtained was 10.87 M.Pa on the additional of ZnO/Clay nanoparticles by 0.3:0.7% and plasticizer by 25%. Based on data of FTIR, the produced film plastic does not change the group function and it can be concluded that the interaction in biodegradable plastic produced was only a physical interaction. The biodegradable plastic based on cassava starch-ZnO/Clay nanoparticles and plasticizer glycerine showed that interesting mechanical properties being transparent and clear.
Utilization of Sunti Acid Extract as Electrolyte Gel for Used Batteries Recharge
Authors: Safitri R , Putri F U P , Koto M R , Marwan  , Syamsuddin Y 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Carambola wuluh is one of Indonesia’s natural resources that is still less optimized in its utilization. Generally, people use Carambola wuluh only to be processed into sunti acid which is then used as a flavor enhancer in cooking. The content of oxalic acid in sunti acid can be utilized as a raw material for the gel electrolyte which will be used to recharge used batteries. This study aims to determine the potential of sunti acid extract for the recharging process of used batteries. The voltage obtained from the electrolyte gel of the sunti extract is greater when compared to the accuser voltage. The results showed that the best compositions for obtaining the optimum voltage and current strength was 7% (w / v), NaCl 1.25% (w / v) and Glycerol 40% (v / v) for the electrolyte gel and addition of 10% NaOH 1M and 0.01% KMnO4, based on the volume of the electrolyte gel, to increase the voltage and the strength of the resulting current. The results obtained are expected not only to turn on the LED lights and the motor drive (dynamo), but also be an alternative material for recharging used batteries.
IoT Techniques Implementation to Coordinate Single-phase Rooftop PVs in Three-phase LV Network
Authors: Safitri Nelly , Yassir  , Rachmawati  , Hayati Raisah 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
As the single-phase rooftop photovoltaics (PVs) are installed into the three-phase low voltage (LV) distribution network, the network voltage profiles become unbalanced. Although the load at the customer side has already imbalanced the network, as the single-phase rooftop PVs with random ratings of 1-5kW are installed, the power quality issues, such as voltage magnitude and angle, frequency, active and reactive powers become significantly noticeable. This is because of the grid infrastructure from plants to beyond the customer side is disrupted as several utility devices added into the network. This paper aims to implement the concept of several internets of things (IoT) techniques into the electric and communication infrastructures as they are virtuously cycling, enabling, amplifying and reinforcing the infrastructure development. This concept also applied to the voltage regulation technique (VRT), in order to improve the voltage unbalanced and other power quality issues. This communication-based VRT has been conducted by the authors in their previous studies. The results show that the concept of IoT techniques successfully implemented if both communication devices and technology properly selected and designed. Additionally, the considered classifying of the communication layers also plays an important role to coordinate sensors actuators and meters along the feeder of the LV network.
Prediction for Biodiesel Quality using the Dielectric Properties
Authors: Rahmawati  
Published: June 2019

AbstractMeasurement of the quality of biodiesel during the purification process is necessary to ensure biodiesel meets the required standards. Water and glycerol concentrate critical parameters of the quality of the final product of biodiesel. The impurities of biodiesel (water and glycerol) have a strong correlation with dielectric properties due to polarity changes. Measurement of electrical properties produces 14 dielectric parameters namely impedance (Z), Modulus Young (Y), Phase, Capacitation series (Cs), Parallel capacitance (Cp), Displacement (D), Series Inductance (Ls), Parallel Inductance (Lp), Electric charge (Q), Series Resistance (Rs), Conductance (G), Parallel Resistance (Rp), electric susceptibility (X) and induction field (B). Parameters selection are needed for the efficiency of determining the quality of biodiesel. The research objective is to predict the quality of biodiesel during the purification process using the selected dielectric parameter analysis. The process of selecting parameters uses feature selection (Relief) and quality classification using Support Vector Machine (SVM). The election results show the parameters related to the purity of biodiesel are parallel capacitance (Cp), series resistance (Rs), and impedance (Z) and parallel inductance (Lp) at weights greater than 0.05. Based on the test, the AUC (Area under ROC) value is 0.87, the accuracy is 0.94 for the quality that meets (YES) and that does not meet (NO) biodiesel quality requirements.
Production Potential Baby Corn (Zea Mays, L) From Some Variety in Bengkalis Riau
Authors: Surtinah  
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The land in Bengkalis is dominated by peat soil, which has low fertility, so to support the production of food crops, certain efforts are needed so that the land is efficient. Baby Corn is a type of fruit vegetable produced from corn plants harvested at a young age. Baby corn supply in Bengkalis comes from Pekanbaru, to reduce the amount of Baby Corn supply, the peat land must be empowered. Different varieties of corn will produce different production, even if planted in the same location. Testing of corn varieties on the condition of peatlands needs to be done to determine the potential of varieties to produce under these conditions. The purpose of this study was to obtain varieties that gave the best Baby Corn results in Pekanbaru. The treatment designs used five corn varieties, namely Bisi-1, P-12, C-7, CPI-1, and Aijuna. The environmental design used a completely randomized design. Data analysis used variance and continued with Duncan test at p 0.05. The results of the study showed that the P-12 variety was the highest yielding variety compared to the other four varieties. Adaptability of P-12 varieties is considered better than the other four varieties.
Decolorization of Reactive black-5 Dye by UV based photocatalytic with immobilized ZnO nanoparticles onto ceramic plate surface
Authors: Aditya W , Notodarmodjo S , Helmy Q 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe textile wastewater contains components of dye and inorganic salts which are very dangerous when they are directly discharged into the water body without any prior treatment. In this study, the ability of immobilized ceramic/ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) for decolorization of Reactive black 5 dyes was investigated. A laboratory scale of rotating disc type reactor with UV-C lamp and dip coating method to immobilize nanoparticles were used in this study. Ceramic/ZnO NPs were then characterized by SEM-EDS. EDS result has shown that 82% of ZnO NPs were dispersed on the ceramic surface with maximum catalyst dosage of 5.5 mg/cm2. It was achieved after 3 cycles of impregnation process at 500°C. Photocatalytic activity of ceramic/ZnO NPs was strongly depended on pH and RB5 initial concentration. It possesses the highest photocatalytic activity (100% of decolorization efficiency) at the extreme alkaline condition and low RB5 concentration (3 mg/L) after 90 min of treatment time.
Utilization of Durian Shell Waste With Janeng Pati as a Raw Material of Briquette for Renewable Energy
Authors: Irhamni  , Saudah  , Diana  , Ernilasari  , Suzanni M A 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Bio-briquette is an alternative energy substitute for fuel produced from organic materials or agricultural waste (biomass) which is underutilized, especially durian shell waste. This study aims to see the effect of differences in ash content, heating value, and bio-briquette flame test. The making of this bio-briquette uses 1:2 starch from the bio-briquette weight, the bio-briquette particle size is 8 mesh. The bio-briquette is cylindrical. The result showed that the bio-briquette produced had met the fuel standards of households. Durian shell bio-briquette produces 7.7% ash content, the heat value produced is greater than 5000 cal/gr which is 5040 cal/gr with a 55-minute flame test. Based on the combustion test, the bio briquette.
Performance Evaluation on PV Panels with Cooling Optimization utilizing Phase Changing Materials
Authors: Fazri  , Rizal TA , Amin M , Hamdani  
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The performance of solar panels is very dependent on the absorption of solar radiation. Some of the absorbed energy is converted into electricity, while the rest transformed into heat. However, PV-panels may experience intense heat that causes heat radiation in PV-panels increases. This radiation on the PV panel has a negative impact on the output of electrical energy produced and has the potential to reduce the performance of the solar panel. Therefore, it is necessary to design a PV-Panel cooling system to maintain the temperature of the panel so as not to exceed its effective working temperature. The cooling media which is currently claimed to be relatively more effective than water or air coolers is a cooling medium based on Phase Change Material (PCM). PCM can absorb, store and release energy in the form of latent heat. The purpose of this study is to maintain the PV-panel temperature so as not to exceed the effective working temperature using PCM as a cooling medium. Currently, three PV-panels underwent a performance test. Two of them equipped with PCM-tallow based cooling systems, and PCM-paraffin, while the other one using no PCM and serves as a benchmark for the whole PV-panel cooling performance test result. Tests are carried out from 08:00 to 18:00 local time in bright air conditions. The variables used include the temperature distribution of the top of the panel, the middle panel, and the bottom panel. The results showed that the use of PCM-tallow and PCM-paraffin could maintain the temperature of solar panels below 50 °C, relatively better than the PV-panels that use air as a cooler.
Angle Setting Between Two Cutters’ Blades of Dried Areca Nut Peeling Machines Due to Increase Its Production
Authors: Darmein  , Usman Ramli , Rusli  
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Areca peeling machine is developed specifically for the setting angle between the two cutter blades, which creates a shear force in the incision of dried areca nuts so that it can improve the quality of the peeling results. This study aims to obtain energy-efficient technology that can increase the yield of stripping areca nuts on one machine. The research method that will be carried out is to arrange the cutting angle between the two cutters, it is expected that the dried areca nut can be peeled for all available sizes, from the smallest size, 14 mm to the largest one, 46 mm. Based on the results of peeling by setting the formed angles and by adjusting the varying distances obtained data on the size between (1 - 2.5) mm with the angle of 2.87 degrees, it produces 83.3 pieces peeled areca nut. The graph shows that the results are increased, whereas areca nuts are peeled and some are damaged and partially destroyed. From the obtained data of the number of round fruit and dried areca nuts reached 52.59%, and the time in-between and areca nut yield reached 42.77% while the number of dried areca nuts that were not peeled was 25.96%.
Modification Design of Shredded Meat Machine Using 1.5 Hp Motor Driver
Authors: Sumardi  , Hasrin  
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The high level of consumption of processed beef products is a promised business opportunity to be developed. The shift in people’s consumption patterns in consuming processed meat products from fresh meat into ready to eat processed products has encouraged some parties to develop technology in terms of processing beef. The way of making shredded meat is still conventional, using bare-hands, knives or forks to slice meat after cooked into a shredded part. Obviously, the process of making shredded meat is taking times, more power, and by pounding using forks is considered to be less safe for workers. The purpose of this study was to obtain a simpler beef machine for raw materials to make shredded meat using 1.5 horsepowers (hp) drive motor. Modified the design of construction by designing the casing cylinder, the hopper inlet and outlet, the tub and the table, developing a new machine that is able to be tested. 1 kg of beef so that the results of the measurement of the sound texture of the fiber consisted of 0.5 mm fiber thickness, 30mm length; 1mm fiber thickness, 35mm long and 1.5mm fiber thickness, 35mm long. The capacity of the results of beef steaming is 3.3 ounces/minute or 1kg per 3 minutes. Therefore, it can be concluded that the more the gap in the casing, the better the smoother the results could be.
Contractor Project Organization Problems on the Implementation of Building Construction at Lhokseumawe City
Authors: Hanif  
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The efforts to improve manpower quality are the efforts that are done by the contractor to improve its work quality. Improving the manpower quality principally influences of internal and external factors. The objective of this study is to answer the internal factors that influence project team performance quality in organization structure of contractor project at building construction implementation and to determine the variables that are needed to improve contractor enterprise quality. This research used a building construction project which have done in 2017 at Lhokseumawe city, collecting by disseminating Likert questionnaire. Respondents were chosen from contractor elements, those were project managers and field supervisors. This research used descriptive and inferential analysis. The results showed that the overlapping of job descriptions among division in project organization project, the ability to put workers in project, the ability of adaptation in any changes, the tools and machines condition that is used, and the time realization that appropriates to project schedule that is done, are the dominant sub aspects influenced project performance optimization. The influence of organization aspect, workers aspect, physical environment aspect, tools and technology that are used in project aspect, and team performance quality in contractor project organization aspect towards project performance optimization aspect was 69,6%.
Sorption Isotherm Models on Methylene Blue-Baking Filter Dust Activated Carbon
Authors: Raudah  , Fona Zahra , Habibah Ummi , Ulfa Amelia , Ayuni  , Maysarah  , SyuruFirrahmah  
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the removal characteristics of methylene blue on baking filter dust carbon using three models of isotherm, Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin. Baking filter dust from aluminum industrial waste was prepared as an adsorbent to adsorb methylene blue under room temperature. The BFD was prepared using KO + KI as impregnation agent. Isotherm characteristics were analyzed using Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin models. BFD-MB was contacted and stirred in a batch process, sampling was done in a specific interval of time in order to acquire the concentration adsorbed onto the BFD. Spectrophotometer UVVIS was used to analyze the absorbance of the MB samples and the concentrations were determined using the calibration method. According to the result, Freundlich model best fit adsorption system data sets studied in this work with the R2 0.949.
The Effects of Solvent Type on The Performance of Flat Sheet Polyethersulfone/Brij58 Membranes
Authors: Wahab M.Y. , Muchtar S. , Arahman N. , Mulyati S. , Riza M. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Selection of the appropriate solvent plays an important role in the characteristics of the membrane formation. Flat-sheet polyethersulfone (PES) membranes were formation via non-solvents induced phase separation (NIPS) technique. PES as a polymer, Brij58 as hydrophilic surfactant and three types of solvent were used to prepare the dope solution. This paper attempts to show the effects of three different solvents there are; dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), dimethylformamide (DMF), and dimethylacetamide (DMAc) on characterizations and performance of fabricated membranes. The fabricated membranes in this study were characterized by measuring water contact angle and mechanical properties. The performance of fabricated membranes was carried out using a dead-end ultrafiltration module. Solubility between solvent and non-solvent is an essential factor in the membrane formation process. The porosity of membrane fabricated from the system of PES/Brij/DMAc was higher than membrane made from another system, so that the water permeability of this membrane was higher than others. The membrane fabricated with DMAc as solvent had a tensile strength of 12.42 kgf/mm2.
Application of Fuzzy Quality on Dempster-shafer for Pest and Disease Diagnosing of Chili (Case Study on Tidal Swamp Land)
Authors: Muliadi  , Budiman Irwan , Sofyan Antar , Pratama Muhammad Adhitya , Nurdin  
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Expert systems are usually used only to help get the results of a diagnosis faster. In the expert system, a method usually used to support a diagnosis process. In this research using the method of Fuzzy and Dempster-Shafer. Fuzzy methods used to find the scale of values belief a fact with fuzzyfication process, while the Dempster-Shafer method used to combine pieces of the facts to calculate the likelihood of an event. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the method of Fuzzy and Dempster-Shafer can be applied to the expert system to provide disease diagnosis chili. Where the results of the expert system will produce a presentation about the likelihood of diagnosis of plant diseases chili. Fuzzy weights obtained are Low 0.15, Medium 0.4 and High 0.65.
Perceptron Partition Model to Minimize Input Matrix
Authors: Azmi Zulfian , Nasution Mahyuddin K.M. , Zarlis Muhammad. , Mawengkang Herman , Efendi Syahril 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Implementation of Neuron Network model using Perceptron has not given optimal result in real time learning. The large number of inputs expressed in matrix form makes the process slower in pattern recognition. So, it takes characteristic to represent all the input matrices by using the partition method. By partitioning each input and with the best weight and using the activation function will produce an output value. And learning is valid in recognizing patterns only 1 iteration only. Further validation is done on the water mill control module with dissolved oxygen input, water pH, salinity and water temperature. With Perceptron Partition learning algorithm more real-time than perceptron model. Testing on the waterwheel input whether rotating or stopping by Matrix Laboratory software simulation.