bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Value of radiomics and deep learning feature fusion models based on dce-mri in distinguishing sinonasal squamous cell carcinoma from lymphoma
Authors: Zhang Ziwei , Zhang Duo , Yang Yunze , Liu Yang , Zhang Jianjun 
Published: November 2024

ProblemSinonasal squamous cell carcinoma (SNSCC) and sinonasal lymphoma (SNL) lack distinct clinical manifestations and traditional imaging characteristics, complicating the accurate differentiation between these tumors and the selection of appropriate treatment strategies. Consequently, there is an urgent need for a method that can precisely distinguish between these tumors preoperatively to formulate suitable treatment plans for patients.MethodsThis study aims to construct and validate ML and DL feature models based on Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced (DCE) imaging and to evaluate the clinical value of a radiomics and deep learning (DL) feature fusion model in differentiating between SNSCC and SNL. This study performed a retrospective analysis on the preoperative axial DCE-T1WI MRI images of 90 patients diagnosed with sinonasal tumors, comprising 50 cases of SNSCC and 40 cases of SNL. Data were randomly divided into a training set and a validation set at a 7:3 ratio, and radiomic features were extracted. Concurrently, deep learning features were derived using the optimally pre-trained DL model and integrated with manually extracted radiomic features. Feature sets were selected through independent samples t-test, Mann-Whitney U-test, Pearson correlation coefficient and LASSO regression. Three conventional machine learning (CML) models and three DL models were established, and all radiomic and DL features were merged to create three pre-fusion machine learning models (DLR). Additionally, a post-fusion model (DLRN) was constructed by combining radiomic scores and DL scores. Quantitative metrics such as area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, and accuracy were employed to identify the optimal feature set and classifier. Furthermore, a deep learning-radiomics nomogram (DLRN) was developed as a clinical decision-support tool.ResultsThe feature fusion model of radiomics and DL has higher accuracy in distinguishing SNSCC from SNL than CML or DL alone. The ExtraTrees model based on DLR fusion features of DCE-T1WI had an AUC value of 0.995 in the training set and 0.939 in the validation set.The DLRN model based on the fusion of predictive scores had an AUC value of 0.995 in the training set and 0.911 in the validation set.The DLRN model based on the fusion of predictive scores had an AUC value of 0.995 in the training set and 0.911 in the validation set.ConclusionThis study, by constructing a feature integration model combining radiomics and deep learning (DL), has demonstrated strong predictive capabilities in the preoperative non-invasive diagnosis of SNSCC and SNL, offering valuable information for tailoring personalized treatment plans for patients.
Case report: HLA-B35-associated optic neuritis
Authors: Guillot Florian H. , Carey Andrew R. 
Published: November 2024

PurposeTo describe a unique presentation of optic neuritis associated with positive HLA-B35.ObservationsA woman presented with unilateral retro-orbital pain, mildly decreased vision, and optic disc edema with new-onset aphthous ulcers. Color vision was preserved, and no visual field deficits were noted. Diagnostic imaging demonstrated retrobulbar optic nerve enhancement, with genetic testing revealing HLA-B35 positivity. Treatment with high-dose oral steroids for 3 days resolved all symptoms, and the patient remained stable for at least 2 months.Conclusions and importanceIn addition to rheumatic conditions and oral lesions, HLA-B35 can be linked to optic neuritis. This relationship highlights the need to further explore genetic risk factors associated with optic neuritis and the potential need for human leukocyte antigen (HLA) testing in unusual cases of optic neuritis.
Childhood adversity and health: The mediating roles of emotional expression and general trust
Authors: Hirano Hiroki , Ishii Keiko 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionThis study examined whether adverse childhood experiences, positive emotional expressivity in personal (i.e., expressing positive emotions when good things happened to oneself) and social settings (i.e., expressing positive emotions when good things happened to others such as friends or family), and general trust predict levels of happiness and loneliness among American and Japanese participants. We also explored whether these two types of emotional expression and general trust mediate the relationship between adverse childhood experiences and happiness/loneliness.MethodsAmerican and Japanese participants who agreed to participate in the current study first completed the Subjective Happiness Scale. Next, they answered the Emotion Expression Questionnaire, the 5-item General Trust Scale, and the revised UCLA Loneliness Scale. They then responded to the Risky Family Questionnaire. Finally, they answered demographic questions (e.g., age, gender). We hypothesized that regardless of culture, adverse childhood experiences would be negatively (positively) associated with happiness (loneliness), while positive emotional expression in personal and social settings and general trust would be positively (negatively) related to happiness (loneliness). We also predicted that positive emotional expression in both personal and social settings, as well as general trust, would mediate the relationships between adverse childhood experiences and happiness/loneliness.ResultsAs expected, adverse childhood experiences were negatively (positively) associated with happiness (loneliness), while positive emotional expression in personal and social settings and general trust were positively (negatively) related to happiness (loneliness). Besides, positive emotional expression in a personal situation mediated the relationships between adverse childhood experiences and happiness/loneliness, such that greater early life adversity was negatively linked to positive emotional expressivity in a personal setting, which, in turn, predicted lower happiness and higher loneliness.DiscussionThe present study advances the understanding of psychological mechanisms linking adverse childhood experiences to happiness and loneliness by highlighting the significant role of positive emotional expression in a personal situation. This result underscores the importance of developing therapeutic practices and public health strategies that foster authentic emotional expression in response to personal achievement or fortune, regardless of cultural background.
Depression and its associated factors among textile factory workers at the Almeda textile factory, North Ethiopia
Authors: Begashaw Tesfaye Derbie , Andualem Fantahun 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundDepression is becoming a significant burden and a potential cause of disability worldwide. According to a World Health Organization (WHO) study conducted in both developed and developing countries, the prevalence of depression is 10.4%. There are differences in the prevalence of depression among the population based on a number of variables, including concomitant medical problems, substance abuse, employment environment, and demographics. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of depression and its associated risk factors among textile industrial workers.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted on 409 workers from the Almeda Textile Factory in Adwa from May to June 2020. The outcome variable was depression, assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Variables with p-values of &lt;0.25 in the bivariate analysis were included in the multivariate analysis. An adjusted odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval was computed. Statistical significance was determined at a p-value of &lt;0.05.ResultsThe total prevalence of depression at a PHQ-9 cutoff score of 10, PHQ-9(10+), was 24.4%. At a cutoff score of 5, PHQ-9(5+) was 51.1%. In the multivariate analysis, low social support, working rotating day and night shifts, and having a physical injury at the workplace were significantly associated with depression at both PHQ-9(5+) and PHQ-9(10+). In addition, advanced age of 45 years and above and being diagnosed with chronic medical disease were significantly associated with depression at PHQ-9(10+) (p &lt; 0.05).ConclusionThe prevalence of depression varied based on the PHQ-9 cutoff score, and it is high at both PHQ-9(5+) and PHQ-9(10+). Low social support, working rotating day and night shifts, physical injury at the workplace, advanced age, and chronic medical disease were significantly associated with depression. Our findings suggest that the workers at the Almeda Textile Factory should be screened and managed accordingly.
Assessment of non-fatal injuries among university students in Hainan: a machine learning approach to exploring key factors
Authors: Lu Kang , Cao Xiaodong , Wang Lixia , Huang Tao , Chen Lanfang , Wang Xiaodan , Li Qiao 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundInjuries constitute a significant global public health concern, particularly among individuals aged 0–34. These injuries are affected by various social, psychological, and physiological factors and are no longer viewed merely as accidental occurrences. Existing research has identified multiple risk factors for injuries; however, they often focus on the cases of children or the older adult, neglecting the university students. Machine learning (ML) can provide advanced analytics and is better suited to complex, nonlinear data compared to traditional methods. That said, ML has been underutilized in injury research despite its great potential. To fill this gap, this study applies ML to analyze injury data among university students in Hainan Province. The purpose is to provide insights into developing effective prevention strategies. To explore the relationship between scores on the self-rating anxiety scale and self-rating depression scale and the risk of non-fatal injuries within 1 year, we categorized these scores into two groups using restricted cubic splines.MethodsChi-square tests and LASSO regression analysis were employed to filter factors potentially associated with non-fatal injuries. The Synthetic Minority Over-Sampling Technique (SMOTE) was applied to balance the dataset. Subsequent analyses were conducted using random forest, logistic regression, decision tree, and XGBoost models. Each model underwent 10-fold cross-validation to mitigate overfitting, with hyperparameters being optimized to improve performance. SHAP was utilized to identify the primary factors influencing non-fatal injuries.ResultsThe Random Forest model has proved effective in this study. It identified three primary risk factors for predicting non-fatal injuries: being male, favorable household financial situation, and stable relationship. Protective factors include reduced internet time and being an only child in the family.ConclusionThe study highlighted five key factors influencing non-fatal injuries: sex, household financial situation, relationship stability, internet time, and sibling status. In identifying these factors, the Random Forest, Logistic Regression, Decision Tree, and XGBoost models demonstrated varying effectiveness, with the Random Forest model exhibiting superior performance.
Quantitative analysis of the gaze and the kinetic/kinematic evaluation of expert and novice physical therapists during standing/sitting assistance: a pilot study
Authors: Sekine Satoru , Sakurai Yoshimi , Omori Yoshitsugu , Morio Yuji , Yamamoto Junichi 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionIn rehabilitation practices, expert therapists are believed to proficiently observe and assist patients. However, limited research has quantified the gaze behaviors of physical therapists during patient support. This study investigated the gaze patterns of expert and novice physical therapists from a first-person perspective during the process of assisting collaborators to stand. The aim was to determine which body parts received prolonged attention and to explore the characteristics of the support provided.MethodsSeven experienced physical therapists were recruited as expert participants, and 17 physical therapy students served as novice participants. We also recruited additional students as collaborators and asked them to behave as if they were patients. Both expert and novice participants wore a wearable eye tracker while assisting the collaborators to stand. We analyzed the gaze focus on specific body parts and the center of mass sway of the collaborators.ResultsExperts spent 10.75% of the total time gazing at the head area, compared to 4.06% for novices, with experts displaying significantly longer gaze durations (p &lt; .05). Furthermore, there was a significant difference in the number of gaze fixations, with experts averaging 25.71 fixations and novices 8.65 (p &lt; .05). Experts also facilitated a slower sway in the collaborator's center of mass (0.44 m/s for experts vs. 0.49 m/s for novices; p &lt; .01) and positioned the collaborator with a more pronounced trunk flexion during sitting and standing transitions (41.0 degrees for experts vs. 37.8 degrees for novices; p &lt; .01).DiscussionThe findings suggest that experts may monitor the collaborator's center of mass position by focusing on the head area. Properly positioning the head forward may allow for optimal forward movement of the center of mass, potentially reducing the effort required by the collaborator to stand. This study is the first to explore differences in support strategies through the measurement of physical therapists’ gaze during assistance.
A systematic review of motivated system justification among youth
Authors: Biedron Henry Winslow , Reimer Nils Karl , Balcetis Emily 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionRedressing social inequities requires people to fight for social change and upend the status quo. However, beliefs that the current state of affairs operates in a just and fair way, referred to as system justifying tendencies, stand as obstacles to social change. With this investigation, we asked if there is evidence to suggest that youth hold system justifying beliefs.MethodsUsing PRISMA guidelines for a systematic review, we identified studies that measured system justifying beliefs among children [ages 6-12] and adolescents [ages 13-18].ResultsThis review synthesizes evidence that, first, both cohorts of youth hold beliefs that the status quo operates in a just and fair manner and that, second, system justification theory and its predictions extend to youth demographics. We note antecedents to system justifying tendencies in youth including demographic and situational factors. Moreover, we find evidence of the palliative consequences of system justifying tendencies in youth.DiscussionWe offer recommendations for future research into system justification among youth demographics.
دور أوقاف مؤسسات التعليم العالي في تمويل الأبحاث العلمية: تجربة جامعة هارفرد خلال الفترة (2012-2021) والدروس المستفادة
Authors: Bounihi Meriem 
Published: November 2024

تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى التعرف على دور أوقاف مؤسسات التعليم العالي في تمويل الأبحاث العلمية بشكل عام مع عرض تجربة "جامعة هارفرد" الأمريكية خلال الفترة (2012-2021) والأساليب التي انتهجتها لاستقطاب أموال الوقف، بالإضافة إلى الدروس المستفادة من هذه التجربة. تشير أهم النتائج إلى أن الأوقاف تمثل مصدر دائم لتمويل الأبحاث العلمية في "جامعة هارفرد"، حيث تعتمد هذه الأخيرة على عدة طرق وأساليب من أجل استقطاب أموال الوقف، كاستخدام الموقع الإلكتروني للجامعة لطلب الدعم المادي، الشفافية والإفصاح حول تطور أموال الأوقاف والهبات التي تتلقاها، توفير طرق سهلة وبسيطة لتسهيل عملية التبرع عن طريق الدفع الإلكتروني، وكذا التركيز على الجانب البيئي والاستدامة لجذب أكير عدد من المتبرعين.
Takfir and takfirism The origins and consequences
Authors: Charafi Brahim 
Published: November 2024

The article explores the historical roots of Takfirism, a radical movement in contemporary Islam and its evolution through the decades. It examines the ideological foundations of takfirism, highlighting its rigid interpretation of religion and its use of takfir (excommunication) to justify violence against Muslims considered heretics. The analysis also covers the expansion of takfirism, from its beginnings in the jihadist movements of the 1970 and 1980 to its current influence on global terrorist groups like Al-Qaeda and Daesh. Finally.
the article explores contemporary challenges posed by takfirism, including its spread via social media and its ability to attract radicalized young followers. By understanding the origins and developments of this phenomenon, it becomes possible to develop effective strategies to counter its spread and promote a more moderate and tolerant religious discourse.
Family Provisions Regarding Guardianship – A Study of Purpose-
Authors: Kadous abdellah , Allali Mhamed 
Published: November 2024

This study aims to clarify the provisions of Qawwamah, and to correct its concept, which has been distorted, whether the West who wanted to harm women and ruin the family, or by people affiliated with Islam, but they understood Qawwamah incorrectly, and practiced it in the wrong way and gave a bad example. The study also aims to demonstrate the advantages of guardianship for women themselves, if it is in the right concept and application, and respects the privacy and decent jobs of each gender. The study has shown that guardianship for the benefit of women is necessary to preserve the family institution and protect it from cracks and internal conflicts. and that the Guardianship of a man is his preference over a woman in this section to ensure the good functioning of the institution, not an absolute preference for him, no is it to reduce its value; And the right is justice, not absolute equality.
قاعدة تخصيص الأهداف في ضوء اجتهادات ديوان المظالم
Authors: المطرودي بدر بن عبدالله محمد 
Published: November 2024

تعد الصلاحيات المخولة لجهة الإدارة في اتخاذها للقرارات الإدارية مُقيده بتحقيق المصلحة العامة باعتبارها المحرك الأساسي لعملها والغاية التي تهدف إليها، إلا أن مفهوم المصلحة العامة مرّن قد تستغله السلطة الإدارية لتحقيق مآرب أخرى لمخالفة لقاعدة تخصيص الأهداف التي أوجبها المنظم ولكل نظام أهداف محددة تلتزم السلطة الإدارية بتحقيقها، مما يعني إن الكشف عن هذه القاعدة وكيفية تطبيقها وتحديد الضابط فيها يُعد محل إشكالٌ، فالمشكلة تتبلور في دور القاضي الإداري بالبحث في مدى تحقيق السلطة الإدارية للأهداف التي خصصها لها النظام، وإلى أيّ مدى يمكن للقاضي التعويل عليها في مدى مشروعيتها وتأثيرها على حكمه الإداري، وهذا ما يثير إشّـكالية حقيقية، مما جعلني أطرح هذا الموضوع وأدرسه على ضوء اجتهادات ديوان المظالم من خلال هذه القاعدة، وتأتي هذه الدراسة لمعالجة هذه المشكلة والتي خلصت النتائج إلى بيان قاعدة تخصيص الأهداف، مدعماً ذلك بالمبادئ والأحكام القضائية على ضوء اجتهادات ديوان المظالم في هذا الشأن، وإن الهدف هو المصلحة العامة التي أوجبها المنظم على جهة الإدارة، وعرفنا دور القاعدة في رقابة القاضي الإداري على قرارت جهة الإدارة المنبثقة من هذه القاعدة، وبينت المصلحة العامة وأنها قيد على صلاحيات السلطة الإدارية ثم أوردت أوجه خروج السلطة الإدارية عن قاعدة تخصيص الأهداف ثم اختتمت دراستي بسلطة القاضي التقديرية في رقابته على الانحراف عن الأهداف المخصصة، والخاتمة قد خلصتُ في نهاية هذه الدراسة إلى العديد من النتائج والتوصيات التي أبرزتها في نهاية هذه الدراسة، سائلاً المولى عز وجل أن يُسهم هذا البحث المتواضع في خدمة الباحثين والقضاة في المملكة بما يتوافق مع المعطيات والمتطلبات المعاصرة.
الكلمات المفتاحية: تخصيص الأهداف - المصلحة العامة- الانحراف - الأهداف - ديوان المظالم.
Recent Advances and Future Directions in Sonodynamic Therapy for Cancer Treatment
Authors: Datta Priyankan , Moolayadukkam Sreejesh , Chowdhury Dhrubajyoti , Rayes Adnan , Lee Nan Sook , Sahu Rakesh P. , Zhou Qifa , Puri Ishwar K. 
Published: November 2024

Deep-tissue solid cancer treatment has a poor prognosis, resulting in a very low 5-year patient survival rate. The primary challenges facing solid tumor therapies are accessibility, incomplete surgical removal of tumor tissue, the resistance of the hypoxic and heterogeneous tumor microenvironment to chemotherapy and radiation, and suffering caused by off-target toxicities. Here, sonodynamic therapy (SDT) is an evolving therapeutic approach that uses low-intensity ultrasound to target deep-tissue solid tumors. The ability of ultrasound to deliver energy safely and precisely into small deep-tissue (>10 cm) volumes makes SDT more effective than conventional photodynamic therapy. While SDT is currently in phase 1/2 clinical trials for glioblastoma multiforme, its use for other solid cancer treatments, such as breast, pancreatic, liver, and prostate cancer, is still in the preclinical stage, with further investigation required to improve its therapeutic efficacy. This review, therefore, focuses on recent advances in SDT cancer treatments. We describe the interaction between ultrasound and sonosensitizer molecules and the associated energy transfer mechanism to malignant cells, which plays a central role in SDT-mediated cell death. Different sensitizers used in clinical and preclinical trials of various cancer treatments are listed, and the critical ultrasound parameters for SDT are reviewed. We also discuss approaches to improve the efficacies of these sonosensitizers, the role of the 3-dimensional spheroid in vitro investigations, ultrasound-controlled CAR-T cell and SDT-based multimodal therapy, and machine learning for sonosensitizer optimization, which could facilitate clinical translation of SDT.
Вопросы социальной кооперации при цифровом сохранении культурного наследия
Authors: В.Б. Наумов 
Published: November 2024

В статье рассматриваются проблемы и закономерности цифрового сохранения культурного наследия с учетом обширного опыта создания цифровых объектов, связанных с культурным наследием, и их популяризации в современном информационном пространстве. Анализируются процессы социальной кооперации людей, заинтересованных в сохранении памяти об историческом и культурном наследии России и СССР, приводятся успешные примеры и дается систематизация закономерностей их взаимодействия на примере частного проекта «Сохраненная культура». Рассматриваются принципы организации негосударственной грантовой поддержки цифрового сохранения наследия, вопросы привлечения молодежи к процессам сохранения и доступа к цифровому культурному наследию и анализируются результаты проведенных социально-информационных экспериментов по созданию и популяризации объектов культурного наследия в информационном пространстве.
The article examines the problems and patterns of digital preservation of cultural heritage, taking into account the extensive experience of creating digital objects related to cultural heritage and their popularization in the modern information sphere. The processes of social cooperation of people interested in preserving the memory of the historical and cultural heritage of Russia and the USSR are analyzed, successful examples are given and a systematization of the patterns of their interaction is given using the example of the private project «Preserved Culture». The principles of organizing non-governmental grant support for digital preservation of heritage, issues of involving youth in the processes of preservation and access to digital cultural heritage are considered, and the results of social and information experiments on the creation and popularization of cultural heritage objects in the information sphere are analyzed.