bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vermicompostagem de Lodo de Curtume associado a diferentes substratos
Authors: Cunha Ananda Helena Nunes , Fernandes Eliana Paula , De Araújo Fernando Godinho , Malafaia Guilherme , Vieira Jonas Alves 
Published: April 2019

Com o aumento da atividade urbana e industrial, é notório a problematização em torno da geração de resíduos derivados destas atividades. Dentre os tipos de resíduos gerados, destacam-se os lodos de curtume. No tratamento de resíduos como lodo de curtume a vermicompostagem se destaca como prática de baixo custo e é uma tecnologia na qual se utilizam minhocas para a produção do composto orgânico. Neste contexto, o objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a vermicompostagem de lodo de curtume misturado a diferentes substratos em diferentes proporções, com o intuito de produzir compostos com alta capacidade nutricional para nutrição de plantas, como tecnologia de tratamento desse resíduos. Foi misturado ao lodo de curtume (LC) os substratos: esterco bovino (EB), cama de frango (CF), casca de arroz (CA) e cinza de cana (CC). Os tratamentos foram constituídos: T1=0% de LC+EB; T2=0% de LC+CF; T3=0% de LC+CA; T4=0% de LC+CC; T5=25% de LC+EB; T6=25% de LC+CF; T7=25% de LC+CA; T8=25% de LC+CC; T9=50% de LC+EB; T10=50% de LC+CF; T11=50% de LC+CA; T12=50% de LC+CC em base seca. As minhocas (Eisenia foetida) foram observadas durante 75 dias e a umidade do substrato foi mantido em torno de 40%. Os substratos foram quimicamente caracterizados no início e ao final do processo de vermicompostagem. Quanto ao pH, observou-se uma diminuição significativa nos grupos que receberam menores concentrações do resíduo durante a vermicompostagem (T7 e T8), diferente dos grupos que receberem maiores concentrações do resíduo, que aumentaram o valor do pH (T9 e T11). As concentrações de Fe diminuíram e as concentrações de Mn e Zn foram elevadas durante o processo de vermicompostagem na maioria dos tratamentos. A relação C/N se manteve estável nos tratamentos, com exceção de T7, T11 e T12, que apresentaram aumento. Conclui-se que a vermicompostagem pode ser adotada como biotecnologia de destinação final do lodo de curtume, incorporando valor nutricional, de qualidade agronômica, principalmente em doses menores.
IMPORTÂNCIA DAS FUNÇÕES DE PEDOTRANSFERÊNCIA NO ESTUDO DAS PROPRIEDADES E FUNÇÕES HIDRÁULICAS DOS SOLOS DO BRASIL
Authors: Silva Alessandra Calegari , Armindo Robson André 
Published: April 2019

Alguns estudos que envolvem tópicos da dinâmica da água no sistema solo-planta-atmosfera, tais como: disponibilidade de água para as culturas, infiltração, ascensão capilar e movimento de solutos no solo, geralmente, necessitam do conhecimento do conteúdo de água e dos seus potenciais exercidos na matriz do solo. Essa relação pode ser descrita pela curva de retenção de água no solo (CRA), quantificada por modelos, como o de van Genuchten (1980), que correlaciona a umidade volumétrica com seu potencial de retenção na matriz solo. No entanto, em muitas situações sua completa determinação torna-se difícil, devido ao elevado tempo e custo necessários. Uma alternativa indireta para obtenção da CRA é a utilização de sua correlação com parâmetros físicos do solo, obtendo-se assim uma função de pedotransferência (FPT). As FPT’s podem ser definidas como funções utilizadas para quantificação de variáveis edáficas de difícil obtenção, valendo-se de outras medidas rotineiramente, com maior facilidade e menor custo. A fim de se contribuir ao tema, neste trabalho, teve-se por objetivo, apresentar o estado-da-arte das FPT’s desenvolvidas para solos do Brasil e do risco gerado na predição das propriedades e funções hidráulicas a partir de modelos de regressão gerados com dados provenientes de solo, manejo e condições climáticas distintas dos locais de aplicação. Destaca-se ainda a importância da revisão das FPT’s em base classe, pontual e paramétrica, bem como dos softwares utilizados na obtenção das propriedades e funções hidráulicas do solo, a partir do uso das FTP’s.
Caracterização de marcadores microssatélites em plantas nativas do Cerrado brasileiro
Authors: Camargo Nábia Gonçalves , Da Silva Gontijo Orlando José , Barbosa Ana Clara de Oliveira Ferraz 
Published: April 2019

O Cerrado é o um dos biomas que apresenta a mais rica flora dentre as savanas do mundo e possui um alto índice de endemismo. No entanto, ainda há pouco conhecimento acerca destas espécies. Com a modernização e avanços das técnicas da Genética e da Biologia Molecular surgiram diversos tipos marcadores moleculares que detectam o polimorfismo genético diretamente no DNA. Dentre os diferentes tipos de marcadores os microssatélites se destacam por serem altamente polimórficos. Essas sequências apresentam elevada taxa de mutação, sendo altamente informativas e apresentando elevado potencial de utilização em programas de melhoramento de plantas, na construção de mapas genéticos, na identificação de indivíduos, entre outras aplicações. O presente trabalho teve como objeto caracterizar marcadores microssatélites no genoma de plantas nativas do Cerrado brasileiro, depositadas em bancos de dados de DNA. O estudo foi realizado por meio da obtenção de sequências do DNA de vinte plantas, em seguida foi feita a busca e a caracterização de microssatélites no genoma dessas plantas e o desenho de primers que flanqueiam os marcadores encontrados. Foram localizados 123 microssatélites, sendo 38 mononucleotídeos, 79 dinucleotídeos, 5 trinucleotídeos e 1 tetranucleotídeo.
Perfil dos clientes de uma empresa prestadora de serviços de telefonia celular: Aplicação do método de agrupamento de Ward.
Authors: Tomaz Flávia Sílvia Corrêa 
Published: April 2019

Este trabalho teve como objetivo descrever o perfil dos clientes de uma filial de uma importante prestadora de serviços de telefonia celular da cidade de Ouro Preto, em Minas Gerais. A pesquisa possui caráter quantitativo e exploratório, sem pretensões de generalizações dos resultados encontrados. Para o desenvolvimento desta pesquisa foram utilizadas informações (geográficas e demográficas) dos clientes, disponíveis no banco de dados da empresa. Para analisar os dados utilizou-se técnica multivariada, denominada análise de agrupamento (cluster analysis). Essa técnica reúne observações (objetos, indivíduos, empresas, produtos, etc) em pequenos grupos mutuamente exclusivos com base nas similaridades entre as observações. A metodologia aplicada separou os 105 casos válidos (clientes) em dois grupos. Um dos grupos é formado em sua maioria por clientes que residem na periferia e que contrataram o serviço de telefonia móvel, plano 35. Já o outro grupo é composto em sua maioria por clientes residentes no centro da cidade e que contrataram o serviço de internet banda larga.
Artistic and stylistic peculiarities of the graphic work of Petro Lapyn, illustrator of the children's books in the first third of the 20th century
Authors: Pitenina V. 
Published: April 2019

The beginning of the 20th century is a period of creative and printing experiments in the Ukrainian art. New generation of Ukrainian books was born in this period. The illustration of the children's books was a significant part of this process. Famous Ukrainian graphic artists, such as H. Narbut, M. Zhuk, O. Sudomora, V. Kononchuk, took part in the creation of a new Ukrainian children's book. Some little-known artists also worked with them, and their creativity was an important part of the artistic process. Petro Lapyn was one of those artists. From 1917 to 1929, he worked with the famous publishing houses, such as Vernyhora, Derzhavne Vydavnytstvo, Proliski, Knyhospilka and Rukh. Children's books, illustrated by P. Lapyn, are kept in the funds of the Pedagogical Museum of Ukraine, the National Library of Ukraine for Children, Ivan Fedorov Book Chamber of Ukraine and private collections. We have found about 30 of his projects. But the information about the artist himself and his life is quite limited. One of the first books he illustrated was the poem of S. Rudanskyi «Vovk, Sobaka ta Kit» («The Wolf, the Dog, and the Cat»), published in black and white in 1918. This early Petro Lapyn's work revealed his artistic outstanding peculiarities: vibrant linear drawing, harmonious combination of text and illustrations, variety of graphic techniques and skills in the representation of characteristic features. The high point of the artist's career is the illustration of «Crows and Owls», I. Franko’s fairy tale, printed in 1926 (Kharkiv, Rukh). It demonstrates the animalistic works of the artist. There are typical structural elements in fairy tale books: vignettes, drop caps. P. Lapyn uses decorative handwritten fonts and silhouette drawings for them. His graphic creations are full of emotions. Specific features of his work are: humour, emotionality, anthropomorphism, careful attitude towards literary material, and consistently high level of drawing.
National Museum of Folk Architecture and Life: History of Creation and the Foundations of Shaping the Architectural Exposure
Authors: Prybiega L. 
Published: April 2019

This article briefly covers some pages in the history of creation of the open-air museum in Kyiv, including the input of the memorial protection community and scientists into the museum's growth into a scientific institution, as well as the role of the architectural department (mainly consisting of graduates of Kyiv State Art Institute) in developing the project concept for shaping the museum exhibition. The implemented project suggestion in the form of a system of regional ethnic formations (Mid-Dnieper Ukraine, lands of Poltavshchyna and Slobozhanshchyna, Polissya, Podillya, Carpathian region and the South of Ukraine) organically matched the natural landscape of the location. This presentation is viewed as a model of a traditional environment consisting of preserved buildings and authentic household items. Built on a scientific basis, this kind of monument formation represents a cultural environment close to the traditional one, and provides an accurate coverage of the deep roots of folk Ukrainian architectural, construction and household traditions. Therefore, the formation mentioned above requires competent preservation and maintenance. This paper is illustated with the photos, taken by the author.
Pitriyazis Rosea Olgularında Otoimmün Belirteçlerin Araştırılması
Authors: SEVİMLİ DİKİCİER Bahar , GÜR AKSOY Güneş 
Published: April 2019

Giriş ve Amaç: Pitriyazis rosea (PR), ilk olarak 1798’de tanımlanmış; akut, kendini sınırlayan bir papulo skuamöz deri hastalığıdır. Etiyolojisi halen açıklığa kavuşmamış olan PR, ilk tanımlandığından beri enfeksiyöz ajanlarla bağlantısından şüphelenilip bu konuda birçok araştırmanın yapıldığı, ancak kesin bir sonuca varılamadığı bir hastalıktır. Etiyopatogenezdeki rolleri açısından otoimmünite, genetik yatkınlık ve atopi ise halen araştırılmakta olan diğer faktörlerdir. Bu çalışmada PR etyopatogenezinde otoimmünitenin rolünü değerlendirmek amacı ile tanı alan hastalarda (anti-nükleer antikor) ANA prevalansının araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Materyal ve metod: Bu çalışmada, PR tanısı almış 46 hasta ve 26 sağlıklı kontrol dahil edilmiş olup bireylerde kanda, otoimmün belirteçlerden tarama testi olarak kabul edilen anti-nükleer antikor(ANA- indirect İFA Hep-2 BioSystemsᴿ) prevalansı araştırılmıştır. ANA pozitiflerde antistreptolizin-o (ASO), C-reaktif protein (CRP), romatoid faktör (RF), IgG, IgM, IgA, kompleman 3 ve 4 (C3 ve C4) düzeyleri de nefelometrik yöntemle; anti SSA (Ro), anti SSB (La), anti dsDNA, antihiston, anti U1RNP, anti Jo1, anti sentromer, anti-Scl-70, antisentromer antikor (ANCA), anti mitokondriyal, anti düz kas, anti Rib P protein, anti tiroglobulin (anti TG), anti tiroid peroksidaz antikor (anti TPO) testleri de immünblotting yöntemiyle araştırılmıştır. Bulgular: PR’lı hastaların 4’ünde(%8,7) ANA (+) iken kontrol grubunda hepsi negatif saptanmış olup gruplar arası fark anlamlı bulunmuştur(p&lt;0.05). Ancak istatistiksel olarak ANA pozitifliği ile PR arasında anlamlı ilişki bulunmamıştır. Sonuç: Çalışmamızda PR hastalarında saptanan ANA prevalansı istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunsa da toplumda sağlıklı kişilerde de beklenen ANA prevalansı (%4-5) benzer oranlarda saptanabildiği için PR patogenezinde otoimmünitenin rolünü inceleyen daha geniş kapsamlı çalışmalara gereksinim vardır.
Unsupervised Generation of High Dynamic Range Solar Images: A Novel Algorithm for Self-calibration of Interferometry Data
Authors: Mondal Surajit , Mohan Atul , Oberoi Divya , Morgan John S. , Benkevitch Leonid , Lonsdale Colin J. , Crowley Meagan , Cairns Iver H. 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Solar radio emission, especially at meter wavelengths, is well known to vary over small spectral (≲100 kHz) and temporal (<1 s) spans. It is comparatively recently, with the advent of a new generation of instruments, that it has become possible to capture data with sufficient resolution (temporal, spectral, and angular) so that one can begin to characterize the solar morphology simultaneously along the axes of time and frequency. This ability is naturally accompanied by an enormous increase in data volumes and computational burden, a problem that will only become more acute with the next generation of instruments such as the Square Kilometre Array (SKA). The usual approach, which requires manual guidance of the calibration process, is impractical. Here we present the Automated Imaging Routine for Compact Arrays for the Radio Sun (AIRCARS), an end-to-end imaging pipeline optimized for solar imaging with arrays with a compact core. We have used AIRCARS so far on data from the Murchison Widefield Array (MWA) Phase-I. The dynamic range of the images is routinely from a few hundred to a few thousand. In the few cases, where we have pushed AIRCARS to its limits, the dynamic range can go as high as ∼100,000. The images made represent a substantial improvement in the state of the art in terms of imaging fidelity and dynamic range. This has the potential to transform the multi-petabyte MWA solar archive from raw visibilities into science-ready images. AIRCARS can also be tuned to upcoming telescopes like the SKA, making it a very useful tool for the heliophysics community.
Adding a Suite of Chemical Abundances to the MACER Code for the Evolution of Massive Elliptical Galaxies
Authors: Gan Zhaoming , Choi Ena , Ostriker Jeremiah P. , Ciotti Luca , Pellegrini Silvia 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
We add a suite of chemical abundances to the MACER (Massive AGN Controlled Ellipticals Resolved) 2D code, by solving 12 additional continuity equations for H, He, C, N, O, Ne, Mg, Si, S, Ca, Fe, and Ni with sources from AGB stars and Type Ia and II supernovae with metal yields based on standard stellar physics. New stars, formed in Toomre unstable circumnuclear disks (of a size ≲150 pc), are assumed to have a top-heavy initial mass function with a power index of 1.65. The metal dilution effects due to cosmic accretion are also included. With a high resolution of a few parsecs in central regions, resolved black hole accretion, and active galactic nucleus (AGN) feedback, we can track the metal enrichment, transportation, and dilution throughout the modeled massive elliptical galaxy of velocity dispersion ∼280 km s−1. We retrieve the chemical composition of the broad absorption line (BAL) winds launched by the central AGN, synthesize the X-ray features of the hot ISM, and find that (1) the simulated metallicity in the BAL winds could be up to ∼8 Z
⊙, while that of the hot ISM in the host galaxy is ∼2.3 Z
⊙, matching well with SDSS observations of BLR gas; (2) the X-ray emitting hot gas is metal-enriched with a typical value ∼2.5 Z
⊙; (3) the circumunuclear cold gas disk, where the metals are condensed, further enriched, and recycled, plays a critical role in the metal enrichment; (4) the black hole accretion rate

linearly correlates with the star formation rate

in the circumnuclear disk, i.e.,

, but lagged in time by roughly 106 yr.
Neutron Star Mergers Might Not Be the Only Source of r-process Elements in the Milky Way
Authors: Côté Benoit , Eichler Marius , Arcones Almudena , Hansen Camilla J. , Simonetti Paolo , Frebel Anna , Fryer Chris L. , Pignatari Marco , Reichert Moritz , Belczynski Krzysztof , Matteucci Francesca 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Probing the origin of r-process elements in the universe represents a multidisciplinary challenge. We review the observational evidence that probes the properties of r-process sites, and address them using galactic chemical evolution simulations, binary population synthesis models, and nucleosynthesis calculations. Our motivation is to define which astrophysical sites have significantly contributed to the total mass of r-process elements present in our Galaxy. We found discrepancies with the neutron star (NS–NS) merger scenario. When we assume that they are the only site, the decreasing trend of [Eu/Fe] at [Fe/H] > −1 in the disk of the Milky Way cannot be reproduced while accounting for the delay-time distribution (DTD) of coalescence times (∝t
−1) derived from short gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) and population synthesis models. Steeper DTD functions (∝t
−1.5) or power laws combined with a strong burst of mergers before the onset of supernovae (SNe) Ia can reproduce the [Eu/Fe] trend, but this scenario is inconsistent with the similar fraction of short GRBs and SNe Ia occurring in early-type galaxies, and it reduces the probability of detecting GW170817 in an early-type galaxy. One solution is to assume an additional production site of Eu that would be active in the early universe, but would fade away with increasing metallicity. If this is correct, this additional site could be responsible for roughly 50% of the Eu production in the early universe before the onset of SNe Ia. Rare classes of supernovae could be this additional r-process source, but hydrodynamic simulations still need to ensure the conditions for a robust r-process pattern.
The Parallelism between Galaxy Clusters and Early-type Galaxies. I. The Light and Mass Profiles
Authors: D’Onofrio Mauro , Sciarratta Mauro , Cariddi Stefano , Marziani Paola , Chiosi Cesare 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
We have analyzed the parallelism between the properties of galaxy clusters and early-type galaxies (ETGs) by looking at the similarity between their light profiles. We find that the equivalent luminosity profiles of all these systems in the V band, once normalized to the effective radius R

e
and shifted in surface brightness, can be fitted by the Sérsic law

and superposed with a small scatter (≤0.3 mag). By grouping objects in different classes of luminosity, the average profile of each class slightly deviates from the other only in the inner and outer regions (outside 0.1 ≤ r/R

e
≤ 3), but the range of values of n remains ample for the members of each class, indicating that objects with similar luminosity have quite different shapes. The “Illustris” simulation reproduces the luminosity profiles of ETGs quite well, with the exception of in the inner and outer regions, where feedback from supernovae, active galactic nuclei, and wet and dry mergers is at work. The total mass and luminosity of galaxy clusters, as well as their light profiles, are not well reproduced. By exploiting simulations, we have followed the variation of the effective half-light and half-mass radius of ETGs up to z = 0.8, noting that progenitors are not necessarily smaller in size than current objects. We have also analyzed the projected dark+baryonic and dark-only mass profiles, discovering that, after a normalization to the half-mass radius, they can be well superposed and fitted by the Sérsic law.
Microarcsecond VLBI Pulsar Astrometry with PSRπ II. Parallax Distances for 57 Pulsars
Authors: Deller A. T. , Goss W. M. , Brisken W. F. , Chatterjee S. , Cordes J. M. , Janssen G. H. , Kovalev Y. Y. , Lazio T. J. W. , Petrov L. , Stappers B. W. , Lyne A. 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
We present the results of PSRπ, a large astrometric project targeting radio pulsars using the Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA). From our astrometric database of 60 pulsars, we have obtained parallax-based distance measurements for all but 3, with a parallax precision that is typically ∼45 μas and approaches 10 μas in the best cases. Our full sample doubles the number of radio pulsars with a reliable (≳5σ) model-independent distance constraint. Importantly, many of the newly measured pulsars are well outside the solar neighborhood, and so PSRπ brings a near-tenfold increase in the number of pulsars with a reliable model-independent distance at d > 2 kpc. Our results show that both widely used Galactic electron density distribution models contain significant shortcomings, particularly at high Galactic latitudes. When comparing our results to pulsar timing, two of the four millisecond pulsars in our sample exhibit significant discrepancies in their proper motion estimates. With additional VLBI observations that extend our sample and improve the absolute positional accuracy of our reference sources, we will be able to additionally compare pulsar absolute reference positions between VLBI and timing, which will provide a much more sensitive test of the correctness of the solar system ephemerides used for pulsar timing. Finally, we use our large sample to estimate the typical accuracy attainable for differential VLBA astrometry of pulsars, showing that for sufficiently bright targets observed eight times over 18 months, a parallax uncertainty of 4 μas per arcminute of separation between the pulsar and calibrator can be expected.
Confirming Interstellar C60
+ Using the Hubble Space Telescope
Authors: Cordiner M. A. , Linnartz H. , Cox N. L. J. , Cami J. , Najarro F. , Proffitt C. R. , Lallement R. , Ehrenfreund P. , Foing B. H. , Gull T. R. , Sarre P. J. , Charnley S. B. 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Recent advances in laboratory spectroscopy lead to the claim of ionized Buckminsterfullerene (C

) as the carrier of two diffuse interstellar bands (DIBs) in the near-infrared. However, irrefutable identification of interstellar C

requires a match between the wavelengths and the expected strengths of all absorption features detectable in the laboratory and in space. Here we present Hubble Space Telescope (HST) spectra of the region covering the C

9348, 9365, 9428, and 9577 Å absorption bands toward seven heavily reddened stars. We focus in particular on searching for the weaker laboratory C

bands, the very presence of which has been a matter for recent debate. Using the novel STIS-scanning technique to obtain ultra-high signal-to-noise spectra without contamination from telluric absorption that afflicted previous ground-based observations, we obtained reliable detections of the (weak) 9365, 9428 Å and (strong) 9577 Å C

bands. The band wavelengths and strength ratios are sufficiently similar to those determined in the latest laboratory experiments that we consider this the first robust identification of the 9428 Å band, and a conclusive confirmation of interstellar

.