bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chemically Resistant, Electric Conductive, and Superhydrophobic Coatings
Authors: Saddiqi Naeem‐ul‐Hasan , Seeger Stefan 
Published: February 2019

AbstractIn this study, the fabrication of superhydrophobic and conductive coatings applying a facile coating method is reported. The droplet‐assisted growth and shaping (DAGS) method is used to synthesize silicone nanofilament–based superhydrophobic coatings. Dip coating of superhydrophobic substrates in carbon nanofiber suspensions is performed to prepare superhydrophobic/conductive coatings. The prepared coatings combine electric conductivity, optical transparency, and superhydrophobicity with low sliding angles. The coatings show stability to water immersion and exposure to extreme humid conditions. Also, they exhibit good chemical resistance after several days of immersion in acidic and basic aqueous solutions. A key factor of such coatings is the mechanical durability which is improved by the addition of Parafilm‐M.
Optical Refractive Index Sensors with Plasmonic and Photonic Structures: Promising and Inconvenient Truth
Authors: Xu Yi , Bai Ping , Zhou Xiaodong , Akimov Yuriy , Png Ching Eng , Ang Lay‐Kee , Knoll Wolfgang , Wu Lin 
Published: February 2019

AbstractOptical sensors are widely used for refractive index measurement in chemical, biomedical, and food processing industries. Due to specific field distribution of the resonances, optical sensors provide high sensitivity to ambient refractive index variations. The sensitivity of an optical sensor is highly dependent on material and structure of the sensor. Here, six major categories of optical refractive index sensors using plasmonic and photonic structures are reviewed: i) metal‐based propagating plasmonic eigenwave structures, ii) metal‐based localized plasmonic eigenmode structures, iii) dielectric‐based propagating photonic eigenwave structures, iv) dielectric‐based localized photonic eigenmode structures, v) advanced hybrid structures, and vi) 2D material integrated structures. Representative configurations working in the wavelength range of 400–2000 nm will be selected and compared in terms of bulk refractive index sensitivities, figures of merit, and working wavelengths. A technology map is established in order to define the standard and development trend for optical refractive index sensors.
Reduced Graphene Oxide Coated Silk Fabrics with Conductive Property for Wearable Electronic Textiles Application
Authors: Zulan Liu , Zhi Li , Lan Cheng , Sihao Chen , Dayang Wu , Fangyin Dai 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe desire for this lightweight and flexible electronics has grown increasingly, and the flexible and wearable electronic textiles can be realized by coating traditional textiles with conductive materials. Here, the conductive silk fabrics are prepared by coating graphene oxide (GO) onto silk fabrics and followed by thermal reduction. The scanning electron microscope results show that the GO coated onto silk fabrics successfully forms a continuous thin film. The oxygen functional groups are removed by thermal reduction. The main structure (β‐sheet structure) of silk fabrics is not destroyed through a series of treatment, guaranteeing good mechanical properties. The resistivity and conductivity of silk fabrics using regenerated silk fibroin as a glue can reach 3.28 KΩ cm−1, 3.06 × 10−4 S cm−1 respectively, which can meet the electron conductive requirement of wearable electronics. Thus, it can be used for sensors, portable devices, and wearable electronic textiles.
Structural effects of variation in the human clavicle
Authors: Melillo Stephanie , Gunz Philipp , Coqueugniot Hélène , Reske Stefan , Hublin Jean‐Jacques 
Published: February 2019

AbstractObjectivesPurported evolutionary shifts in shoulder structure have been linked to changes in hominin behavior and adaptation. Researchers use clavicle morphology to infer these shifts. However, there is a lack of empirical data underlying such predictive relationships. This study investigates how clavicle morphology affects articulated shoulder girdle and upper thorax configuration in humans.Materials and MethodsLandmarks and scalar measurements on the clavicle, scapula, and ribs 1–3 were collected from three‐dimensional computed tomographic scans of living humans. Covariation between disarticulated and articulated morphology was assessed using partial least squares and regression analyses.ResultsWe found support for hypotheses linking combined dimensions of the clavicle, ribs, and scapula to resting protraction. Individuals with relatively short clavicles tend to exhibit protracted and elevated resting positions of the scapula. It is more difficult to predict superoinferior configuration, which is only minimally affected by clavicle curvature. Instead, the superoinferior position of the scapula on the thorax is governed equally by clavicle orientation and rib declination. Shoulder breadth is determined primarily by clavicle length, but orientation has a comparable effect. Therefore, reliable reconstructions of shoulder breadth can be established using clavicle length, together with consideration of orientation. Relationships between clavicle and thorax morphology are weaker.DiscussionUnderstanding the determinants of variation in human shoulder structure informs interpretation of skeletal remains. Our investigations describe how important aspects of shoulder structure can be inferred from disarticulated clavicles and we provide the attendant predictive equations. Future work on interspecific variation will improve skeletal reconstruction for more ancient hominins.
The impact of terrain on lower limb bone structure
Authors: Holt Brigitte , Whittey Erin 
Published: February 2019

AbstractObjectivesLower limb diaphyseal geometry is often used to evaluate mobility in past populations. Diaphyseal dimensions such as high shape (IX/IY) indices generally thought to reflect high mobility may also result from walking over rough terrain. This study investigates the possible effects of terrain on lower limb diaphyseal cross‐sectional geometric dimensions.MaterialsThe sample (N = 3,195) comprises adult skeletons from Europe, Africa, North America, and Asia, spanning from around 30,000 BP to mid‐twentieth century.MethodsFemoral and tibial shape and bending/torsional strength dimensions were gathered either as part of a previous project or were generously provided by researchers. Local terrain for each site was quantified with ArcGIS mapping software using geographic coordinates and USGS elevation data, and characterized as flat, hilly, or mountainous.ResultsAnalysis of variance shows significant differences (p < .05) in midshaft femoral and tibial shape ratio and relative bending/torsional strength among the three terrain categories, with more AP oriented diaphyseal shapes and greater relative strength in hilly and mountainous groups, even after correcting for the effect of subsistence. As expected, the impact of terrain is much more marked for hunter‐gatherers and agriculturalists than for more mechanized recent populations. Interestingly, the effect of terrain is confounded in higher latitude individuals that exhibit increased ML bending strength, probably reflecting larger body breadth.DiscussionThis study underscores the mechanical significance of traveling over rough terrain and highlights the complex interactions of mobility, terrain, and body shape that contribute to shaping lower limb bone diaphyseal structure.
Growth response of dental tissues to developmental stress in the domestic pig (Sus scrofa)
Authors: Skinner Mark F. , Imbrasas Mykolas D. , Byra Chris , Skinner Matthew M. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractObjectivesTo compare relative response of enamel, dentin and bone to developmental stressors between attritional and catastrophic mortality assemblages of pigs.Materials and methodsHeads from 70 Sus scrofa of known sex, weight and age comprising an attritional sample of 50 sick pen (SP) pigs that died prematurely versus 20 control pigs slaughtered at 6 months (Catastrophic assemblage). Hard tissue changes (alveolar bone thinning), abnormal bone formation (Harris lines) and re‐modeling (auditory bullae) were recorded. Areas and volumes of coronal enamel and dentin were recorded from microCT scans with Avizo 6.3 and Geomagic Wrap.ResultsAttritional and catastrophic assemblages are metrically indistinguishable. Ages at death and tissue measures in the SP pigs are differentially distributed, necessitating partition into developmental outcome cohorts. SP “late death” pigs are of lesser physiological maturity than expected, free of disease, with large dental tissue dimensions, comparable to “Controls”. SP “early death” pigs have 5% less dentin and enamel and chronic bone infection. Older cohorts of the SP “early deaths” mortality assemblage show progressively reduced enamel. SP pigs show dental evidence of reduced bone mass in the maxilla.DiscussionBone, dentin and enamel tissues, each, respond distinctively to developmental stressors. Bone mass evinces malnutrition not disease. Both dental tissue reduction and abnormal bone formation link to chronic infection. Paradoxically, reduced dentin mass signals lower survivorship while reduced enamel signals enhanced survivorship. Meaningful comparison of Attritional and Catastrophic assemblages necessitates recognition of developmental outcome cohorts, stratified by age at death and physiological maturity, to reveal heterogeneity of survivorship, tissue measures and lesions.
Synthesis of Bimetallic Copper‐Rich Nanoclusters Encapsulating a Linear Palladium Dihydride Unit
Authors: Chakrahari Kiran Kumarvarma , Silalahi Rhone P. Brocha , Chiu Tzu‐Hao , Wang Xiaoping , Azrou Nadia , Kahlal Samia , Liu Yu‐Chiao , Chiang Ming‐Hsi , Saillard Jean‐Yves , Liu C. W. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe structurally precise Cu‐rich hydride nanoclusters [PdCu14H2(dtc/dtp)6(C≡CPh)6] (dtc: di‐butyldithiocarbamate (1); dtp: di‐isopropyl dithiophosphate (2)) were synthesized from the reaction of polyhydrido copper clusters [Cu28H15(S2CNnBu2)12]+ or [Cu20H11{S2P(OiPr)2}9] with phenyl acetylene in the presence of Pd(PPh3)2Cl2. Their structures and compositions were determined by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction and the results supported by ESI‐mass spectrometry. Hydride positions in 1 were confirmed by single‐crystal neutron diffraction. Each hydride is connected to one Pd0 and four CuI atoms in slightly distorted trigonalbipyramidal geometry. The anatomies of clusters 1 and 2 are very similar and DFT calculations allow rationalizing the interactions between the encapsulated [PdH2]2− unit and its Cu14 bicapped icosahedral cage. As a result, Pd has the highest coordination number (14) so far recorded.
Harnessing Bottom‐Up Self‐Assembly To Position Five Distinct Components in an Ordered Porous Framework
Authors: Tu Binbin , Diestel Lisa , Shi Zhao‐Lin , Bandara W. R. L. Nisansala , Chen Yi , Lin Weimin , Zhang Yue‐Biao , Telfer Shane G. , Li Qiaowei 
Published: February 2019

AbstractPositioning a diverse set of building blocks in a well‐defined array enables cooperativity amongst them and the systematic programming of functional properties. The extension of this concept to porous metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) is challenging since the installation of multiple components in a well‐ordered framework requires careful design of the lattice topology, judicious selection of building blocks, and precise control of the crystallization parameters. Herein, we report how we met these challenges to prepare the first quinary MOF structure, FDM‐8, by bottom‐up self‐assembly from two metals, ZnII and CuI, and three distinct carboxylate‐ and pyrazolate‐based linkers. With a surface area of 3643 m2 g−1, FDM‐8 contains hierarchical pores and shows outstanding methane‐storage capacity at high pressure. Furthermore, functional groups introduced on the linkers became compartmentalized in predetermined arrays in the pores of the FDM‐8 framework.
A Photo‐responsive Small‐Molecule Approach for the Opto‐epigenetic Modulation of DNA Methylation
Authors: Nguyen Ha Phuong , Stewart Sabrina , Kukwikila Mikiembo N. , Jones Sioned Fôn , Offenbartl‐Stiegert Daniel , Mao Shiqing , Balasubramanian Shankar , Beck Stephan , Howorka Stefan 
Published: February 2019

AbstractControlling the functional dynamics of DNA within living cells is essential in biomedical research. Epigenetic modifications such as DNA methylation play a key role in this endeavour. DNA methylation can be controlled by genetic means. Yet there are few chemical tools available for the spatial and temporal modulation of this modification. Herein, we present a small‐molecule approach to modulate DNA methylation with light. The strategy uses a photo‐tuneable version of a clinically used drug (5‐aza‐2′‐deoxycytidine) to alter the catalytic activity of DNA methyltransferases, the enzymes that methylate DNA. After uptake by cells, the photo‐regulated molecule can be light‐controlled to reduce genome‐wide DNA methylation levels in proliferating cells. The chemical tool complements genetic, biochemical, and pharmacological approaches to study the role of DNA methylation in biology and medicine.
Evaluating the Properties of a Frailty Index and Its Association With Mortality Risk Among Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Legge Alexandra , Kirkland Susan , Rockwood Kenneth , Andreou Pantelis , Bae Sang‐Cheol , Gordon Caroline , Romero‐Diaz Juanita , Sanchez‐Guerrero Jorge , Wallace Daniel J. , Bernatsky Sasha , Clarke Ann E. , Merrill Joan T. , Ginzler Ellen M. , Fortin Paul , Gladman Dafna D. , Urowitz Murray B. , Bruce Ian N. , Isenberg David A. , Rahman Anisur , Alarcón Graciela S. , Petri Michelle , Khamashta Munther A. , Dooley M. A. , Ramsey‐Goldman Rosalind , Manzi Susan , Steinsson Kristjan , Zoma Asad A. , Aranow Cynthia , Mackay Meggan , Ruiz‐Irastorza Guillermo , Lim S. Sam , Inanc Murat , van Vollenhoven Ronald F. , Jonsen Andreas , Nived Ola , Ramos‐Casals Manuel , Kamen Diane L. , Kalunian Kenneth C. , Jacobsen Soren , Peschken Christine A. , Askanase Anca , Hanly John G. 
Published: February 2019

ObjectiveTo evaluate the properties of a frailty index (FI), constructed using data from the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics (SLICC) inception cohort, as a novel health measure in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).MethodsFor this secondary analysis, the baseline visit was defined as the first study visit at which both organ damage (SLICC/American College of Rheumatology Damage Index [SDI]) and health‐related quality of life (Short‐Form 36 [SF‐36] scores) were assessed. The SLICC‐FI was constructed using baseline data. The SLICC‐FI comprises 48 health deficits, including items related to organ damage, disease activity, comorbidities, and functional status. Content, construct, and criterion validity of the SLICC‐FI were assessed. Multivariable Cox regression was used to estimate the association between baseline SLICC‐FI values and mortality risk, adjusting for demographic and clinical factors.ResultsIn the baseline data set of 1,683 patients with SLE, 89% were female, the mean ± SD age was 35.7 ± 13.4 years, and the mean ± SD disease duration was 18.8 ± 15.7 months. At baseline, the mean ± SD SLICC‐FI score was 0.17 ± 0.08 (range 0–0.51). Baseline SLICC‐FI values exhibited the expected measurement properties and were weakly correlated with baseline SDI scores (r = 0.26, P < 0.0001). Higher baseline SLICC‐FI values (per 0.05 increment) were associated with increased mortality risk (hazard ratio 1.59, 95% confidence interval 1.35–1.87), after adjusting for age, sex, steroid use, ethnicity/region, and baseline SDI scores.ConclusionThe SLICC‐FI demonstrates internal validity as a health measure in SLE and might be used to predict future mortality risk. The SLICC‐FI is potentially valuable for quantifying vulnerability among patients with SLE, and adds to existing prognostic scores.
Nightmare disorder and REM sleep behavior disorder in inflammatory arthritis: Possibility beyond neurodegeneration
Authors: Baldelli Luca , Addimanda Olga , Burattini Marco , Chiaro Giacomo , Brusi Veronica , Pignotti Elettra , Meliconi Riccardo , Provini Federica 
Published: February 2019

AbstractObjectivesTo investigate the prevalence of REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD) in patients with inflammatory arthritis (IA) to ascertain if RBD could be an internal red flag signaling a fluctuating state of inflammation based on the theory of “protoconsciousness”.Materials & MethodsOne hundred and three patients with a confirmed diagnosis of IA were consecutively recruited. The patients underwent general (IA activity, functional status, laboratory tests) and neurological evaluations. A neurologist investigated RBD and REM sleep parasomnias in a semi‐structured interview. Sleep quality was assessed with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, while the risk of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) was evaluated with the Berlin questionnaire. Beck Depression Inventory II and State‐Trait Anxiety Inventory investigated depression and anxiety.ResultsPatients had a mean age of 53.7 ± 14.6 years, 65% were women; 57.3% were in a clinically active phase of IA. Two women fulfilled ICSD‐3 criteria for RBD appearing 11 years after and 20 years before IA onset respectively. 31 patients scored positive for nightmare disorder (ND), 8 for recurrent isolated sleep paralysis. 65 (63.1%) patients reported poor sleep quality and 25 (24.3%) resulted at high risk for OSAS. 32 (31.0%) patients scored positively for depression or anxiety.ConclusionsThe prevalence of RBD in patients with IA did not differ from that in the general population, whereas ND presented a 2‐fold increased prevalence. Whether RBD can be considered a red flag signaling an internal danger remains an open question, while ND may be a new player in this intriguing relation.
A quantitative study of financing efficiency of low‐carbon companies: A three‐stage data envelopment analysis
Authors: Liu Xun , Yu Xiaoliang , Gao Simon 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThis study set out to evaluate the financing efficiency of low‐carbon companies. Applying a three‐stage data envelopment analysis with the data from 85 listed companies in China's low‐carbon industries over the period 2011 to 2017, this study has found that the overall financing efficiency of low‐carbon companies was relatively high, and the pure technical efficiency was quite steady over the period. The overall financing efficiency of these low‐carbon companies on average tended to change with the scale efficiency. This study has also shown that the scale efficiency was the main constraint influencing the financing efficiency of low‐carbon companies in China over the period. Our results are robust and have significant implications for policy makers and corporate managers.
Retinoblastoma mutation predicts poor outcomes in advanced non small cell lung cancer
Authors: Bhateja Priyanka , Chiu Michelle , Wildey Gary , Lipka Mary Beth , Fu Pingfu , Yang Michael Chiu Lee , Ardeshir‐Larijani Fatemeh , Sharma Neelesh , Dowlati Afshin 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe retinoblastoma gene (RB1) encodes the retinoblastoma (RB) pocket protein that plays an important role in cell cycle progression. Here we determine the frequency and prognostic significance of RB1 mutation in non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), restricting inclusion to Stage III and IV patients with linked genomic and clinical data. The primary outcome was median overall survival (OS). We identified RB1 mutation in 8.2% of NSCLC patients. The median OS for wild‐type (wt) RB1 was 28.3 months vs 8.3 months for mutant RB1 (Hazard Ratio = 2.59, P = 0.002). Of special interest, RB1 mutation also correlated with lack of response to immunotherapy. Our study focused on RB1 mutation in locally advanced and advanced non small cell lung cancer to better facilitate comparisons with small cell lung cancer (SCLC). In our SCLC cohort, RB1 mutation was identified in 75% of patients and wt RB1 was associated with significantly shorter OS (P = 0.002). The different outcomes of RB1 mutation observed among lung cancer subtypes suggest a more complicated mechanism than simple regulation of cell cycle or response to chemotherapy.
Ordered and Isomerically Stable Bicyclic Peptide Scaffolds Constrained through Cystine Bridges and Proline Turns
Authors: Lin Ping , Yao Hongwei , Zha Jun , Zhao Yibing , Wu Chuanliu 
Published: February 2019

AbstractBicyclic peptides are attractive scaffolds for the design of potent protein binders and new therapeutics. However, peptide bicycles constrained through disulfide bonds are rarely stable or tolerant to sequence manipulation owing to disulfide isomerization, especially for peptides lacking a regular secondary structure. Herein, we report the discovery and identification of a class of bicyclic peptide scaffolds with ordered but irregular secondary structures. These peptides have a conserved cysteine/proline framework for directing the oxidative folding into a fused bicyclic structure that consists of four irregular turns and a 310 helix (characterized by NMR spectroscopy). This work shows that bicyclic peptides can be stabilized into ordered structures by manipulating both the disulfide bonds and proline‐stabilized turns. In turn, this could inspire the design and engineering of multicyclic peptides with new structures and benefit the development of novel protein binders and therapeutics.
Impella support for chronic total occlusions angioplasty: A good start
Authors: Belardi Jorge A. , Lamelas Pablo 
Published: February 2019

Key Points
There is limited data regarding percutaneous ventricular support in chronic total occlusion angioplasty in terms of population, procedure, and outcomes.
This is the largest report to date showing promising results in terms of technical and procedural success in this highly comorbid population.
This study encourages more research in the area and its use in large volume and experienced centers.
Comparison of myocardial microcirculatory perfusion after catheter‐administered intracoronary thrombolysis with anisodamine versus standard thrombus aspiration in patients with ST‐elevation myocardial infarction
Authors: Fu Yang , Gu Xin‐Shun , Hao Guo‐Zhen , Jiang Yun‐Fa , Fan Wei‐Ze , Fan Yan‐Ming , Wei Qing‐Min , Fu Xiang‐Hua , Li Yong‐Jun 
Published: February 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate efficacy, safety and feasibility of targeted intracoronary injection using pro‐urokinase combined with anisodamine (TCA) versus thrombus aspiration (TA) in ST‐elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients with high thrombus loads.BackgroundThe best method of avoiding thrombus detachment and stroke in PCI patients with high thrombus loads has not yet been established.MethodsSTEMI patients receiving coronary artery angiography or percutaneous coronary intervention (CAG/PCI) with thrombus grade ≥ 3 from January 1, 2017 to June 30, 2018 were randomly assigned to targeted intracoronary thrombolysis (pro‐urokinase and anisodamine via catheter (TCA) group), or the TA group which followed the standard thrombus aspiration procedure. Parameters compared included thrombus grade, index of microcirculatory resistance (IMR), postoperative myocardial SPECT, thrombosis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) scores including flow grade, corrected TIMI frame counts (CTFCs), and TIMI myocardial perfusion grade (TMPG). Adverse events were followed up within 3 months.ResultsThirty‐nine patients were finally enrolled. In primary CAG/PCI, the TCA group had higher percentages of TIMI 3 flow and lower IMR values compared with the TA group. The ratio of TMPG 3 grade in the TCA group was higher in repeat CAG, and the perfusion descending area (PDA) presented by SPECT was lower than in the TA group. No significant difference was seen in major adverse coronary events (MACEs) or bleeding events at follow‐up.ConclusionsTCA appears to be effective, safe, and feasible for repatency and reduction of high thrombus burden in primary PCI and may protect myocardial microcirculation with improved outcomes.