bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI MINAT WIRAUSAHA PADA MAHASISWA WIDYATAMA
Authors: Wijaya Ni Putu Nurwita Pratami , Ramadhan Nabilah 
Published: July 2019

Entrepreneurship has an important role in reducing the unemployment numbers in many countries, especially Indonesia. The synergy of three sectors, consisting of government as regulator, educational institution as educator, and private sector as capital provider, is significant in the process of creating and educating young entrepreneurs. University as one of the educational institutions has a strategic role in educating prospective entrepreneurs. However, many university graduates are still facing the dilemma of choosing to work in a company or being an entrepreneur and starting their own business. Therefore, this study examines the factors that influence student entrepreneurial intention. The sample of this study consisted of 100 respondents who were the students of the Faculty of Business and Management, Widyatama University, Bandung. Data were analyzed using multiple regression. The results showed that the factors influenced student entrepreneurial intention were university support (26.3%) and proactive personality (26.9%).
Keywords : Entrepreneurial intention, university support, proactive personality
Crowding the library: How and why libraries are using crowdsourcing to engage the public
Authors: Severson Sarah , Sauve Jean-Sébastien 
Published: July 2019

Over the past 10 years, there has been a noticeable increase of crowdsourcing projects in cultural heritage institutions, where digital technologies are being used to open up their collections and encourage the public to engage with them in a very direct way. Libraries, archives and museums have long had a history and mandate of outreach and public engagement but crowdsourcing marks a move towards a more participatory and inclusive model of engagement. If a library wants to start a crowdsourcing project, what do they need to know?
This article is written from a Canadian University library perspective with the goal to help the reader engage with the current crowdsourcing landscape. This article’s contribution includes a literature review and a survey of popular projects and platforms; followed by a case study of a crowdsourcing pilot completed at the McGill Library. The article pulls these two threads of theory and practice together—with a discussion of some of the best practices learned through the literature and real-life experience, giving the reader practical tools to help a library evaluate if crowdsourcing is right for them, and how to get a desired project off the ground.
The Effect of Fines Migration During CO2 Injection Using Pore-Scale Characterization
Authors: Othman Faisal , Wang Yamin , Le-Hussain Furqan 
Published: July 2019

Summary
Recent laboratory studies have shown that fines migration induces a decrease in rock permeability during CO2 injection. This study uses X–ray microcomputed tomography (micro–CT), nitrogen permeability, and Itrax X–ray fluorescence (Itrax–XRF) scanning to investigate the mechanism of fines migration during CO2 injection. We perform CO2–flooding experiments on two Berea core samples. The cores are characterized using nitrogen permeability, micro–CT, scanning electron microscopy with energy–dispersive X–ray spectroscopy (SEM–EDS), and Itrax–XRF scanning. The cores are flooded with fresh water, then CO2–saturated water, and finally water–saturated supercritical CO2 (scCO2). To calculate permeability, the pressure difference across the core samples is monitored during these fluid injections. The produced–water samples are analyzed using inductively coupled plasma–optical emission spectrometry (ICP–OES). After the flooding experiments, nitrogen permeability, micro–CT, SEM–EDS, and XRF scanning are repeated to characterize pore–scale damage. Micro–CT image–based computations are run to estimate permeability decrease along the core–sample length after injection.
Results show the dissolution of dolomite and other high–density minerals. Mineral dissolution dislodges fines particles, which migrate during water-saturated–scCO2 injection. During CO2–saturated–water injection, the permeability of Berea 1 and Berea 2 increase by 29 and 13%, respectively. After water–saturated–scCO2 injection, the permeability of Berea 1 and Berea 2 decrease by 60%. The permeability damage of the sample can be explained by fines migration and subsequent blockage. SEM–EDS images also show instances of pore blockage.
The characteristics of the frequent exacerbator with chronic bronchitis phenotype and non-exacerbator phenotype in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a meta-analysis and system review
Authors: wu jianjun , Xu Hong-ri , Zhang Ying-xue , Li Yi-xuan , Yu Hui-yong , Jiang Liang-duo , Wang Cheng-xiang , Han Mei 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the clinical characteristics between the frequent exacerbator with chronic bronchitis (FE-CB) phenotype and the non-exacerbator (NE) phenotype among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
Methods: We searched CNKI, Wan fang, Chongqing VIP, China Biology Medicine disc, PubMed, Cochrane Library, and EMBASE databases for relevant studies published as of April 30, 2019. All studies that investigated COPD patients with the FE-CB and NE phenotypes and which qualified the inclusion criteria were included. Cross-Sectional/Prevalence Study Quality recommendations were used to measure methodological quality. RevMan5.3 software was used for meta-analysis.
Results: Ten case-control studies (n=8848) were included. Compared with the NE phenotype, patients with the FE-CB phenotype showed significantly lower forced vital capacity percent predicted (FVC%pred) [mean difference (MD) -6.69, 95% confidence interval (CI) -7.73–-5.65, P<0.001, I2=5%], forced expiratory volume in one second percent predicted (FEV1%pred) (MD -8.50, 95% CI -11.36–-5.65, P<0.001, I2=91%), and forced expiratory volume in one second/forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC) (MD -3.76, 95% CI -4.58–-2.95,P<0.001, I2=0%); in contrast, the quantity of cigarettes smoked (pack-years) (MD 3.09, 95% CI 1.60–4.58, P<0.001, I2=41%), COPD assessment test (CAT) score (MD 5.61, 95% CI 4.62–6.60, P<0.001, I2=80%), modified Medical British Research Council (mMRC) score (MD 0.72, 95% CI 0.63–0.82, P<0.001, I2=57%), exacerbations in previous year (2.65, 95% CI 2.32–2.97, P<0.001, I2=91%), body mass index (BMI), obstruction, dyspnea, exacerbations (BODEx) (MD 1.78, 95% CI 1.28–2.28, P<0.001, I2=91%), I2=34%), and Charlson comorbidity index (MD 0.47, 95% CI 0.37–0.58, P<0.001, I2=0] were significantly higher in patients with FE-CB phenotype. No significant between-group difference was observed with respect to BMI (MD-0.14, 95% CI -0.70–0.42, P=0.62, I2=75%).
Conclusion: COPD patients with the FE-CB phenotype had poorer pulmonary function and higher CAT score, the quantity of cigarettes smoked (pack-years), frequency of acute exacerbations, and mMRC scores than those with the NE phenotype.
Association between peripheral blood/bronchoalveolar lavage eosinophilia and significant oxygen requirements in patients with acute eosinophilic pneumonia
Authors: Choi Joon Young , Lim Jeong Uk , Jeong Ho Jung , Lee Ji Eun , Rhee Chin Kook 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background

We investigated the association between a combination of two markers, peripheral (PEC) and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) eosinophil percentage (BEP), and oxygen requirements in patients with acute eosinophilic pneumonia (AEP).

Methods

We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients with AEP treated at the Armed Forces Capital Hospital between May 2012 and May 2017. We used correlation analyses to assess the association between PEC/BEP and clinical outcomes in AEP patients. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were used to calculate the cut-off value for BEP that categorised patients requiring a significant oxygen supply. The BAL/blood eosinophil (BBE) score was introduced to stratify patients with peripheral eosinophilia and elevated BEP. Clinical characteristics and outcomes were compared between the different groups. Multiple logistic regression was performed for significant oxygen requirements using two different models using age, C-reactive protein (CRP), smoking duration, and BBE score (model 1) and age, CRP, BEP, and PEC (model 2).

Results

Among the 338 patients, 99.7% were male, and their mean age was 20.4 ± 1.4 years. Only 0.6% of patients were never smokers and the mean number of smoking days was 26.2 ± 25.4. Correlation analyses revealed that both the PaO2/FiO2 ratio and duration of oxygen supply were associated with BEP. ROC curve analyses indicated a cut-off level of 41.5%. Patients with a high BBE score had favourable outcomes in terms of hypoxemia, hospital days, intensive care unit admission, oxygen supply days, and steroid treatment days. Multiple logistic regression revealed that BEP and BBE score tended to be associated with significant oxygen requirements.

Conclusions

In this study, we revealed that both peripheral and BAL eosinophilia is associated with favourable outcomes in AEP patients.
Complications and mortality of venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in the treatment of neonatal respiratory failure: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Xiong Jing , Zhang Li , Bao Lei 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has been increasingly used for severe neonatal respiratory failure refractory to conventional treatments. To systematically evaluate the complications and mortality of venovenous ECMO in the treatment of neonatal respiratory failure.

Methods

PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library were searched. The retrieval period was from the establishment of the database to February 2019. Two investigators independently screened articles according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The quality of article was assessed by the Newcastle-Ottawa scale (NOS). The meta-analysis was performed by Stata 15.0 software.

Results

Four observational studies were included, with a total of 347 newborns. The overall mortality at hospital charge was 12% (5% - 18%) with a heterogeneity of I2 = 73.8% (p = 0.01). Two studies reported mortality during ECMO and after decannulation, with 10% (0.8% -19.2%) and 6.1% (2.6% - 9.6%) respectively. The most common complications associated with venovenous ECMO were: pneumothorax (20.6%), hypertension (20.4%), cannula dysfunction (20.2%), seizure (14.9%), renal failure requiring hemofiltration (14.7%), infectious complications (10.3%), thrombi (7.4%), intracranial hemorrhage or infarction (6.6%), hemolysis (5.3%), cannula site bleeding (4.4%), gastrointestinal bleeding (3.7%), oxygenator failure (2.8%), other bleeding events (2.8%), brain death (1.9%), and myocardial stun (0.9%).

Conclusion

The overall mortality at discharge of venovenous ECMO in the treatment of neonatal respiratory failure was 12%. Although complications are frequent, the survival rate during hospitalization is still high. Further larger samples, and higher quality of randomized controlled trials (RCT) are needed to clarify the efficacy and safety of this technique in the treatment of neonatal respiratory failure.
Diazepam and ethanol differently modulate neuronal activity in organotypic cortical cultures
Authors: Kreuzer Matthias , García Paul S , Brucklacher-Waldert Verena , Claasen Rebecca , Schneider Gerhard , Antkowiak Bernd , Drexler Berthold 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background: The pharmacodynamic results of diazepam and ethanol administration are similar, in that each can mediate amnestic, sedative-hypnotic effects. Although each of these molecules effectively reduces the activity of central neurons, diazepam does so through modulation of a more specific set of receptor targets (GABAA receptors containing a γ-subunit), while alcohol is less selective in its receptor bioactivity. Our investigation focuses on divergent actions of diazepam and ethanol on the firing patterns of cultured cortical neurons. Method: We used electrophysiological recordings from organotypic slice cultures derived from Sprague-Dawley rat neocortex. We exposed these cultures to either diazepam (15 and 30 µM) or ethanol (30 and 60 mM) and recorded the electrical activity at baseline and experimental conditions. For analysis, we extracted the episodes of spontaneous activity, i.e., cortical up-states. After separation of action potential and local field potential (LFP) activity, we looked at differences in the number of action potentials, in the spectral power of the LFP, as well as in the coupling between action potential and LFP phase. Results: While both substances seem to decrease neocortical action potential firing in a similar fashion, diazepam seems to increase the spectral power of the up-state without impacting the spectral composition, whereas ethanol does not change the spectral power but the oscillatory architecture of the up-state. Further, the action potential to LFP-phase coupling reveals a synchronizing effect of diazepam and a (rather weak) de-synchronizing effect for ethanol. Conclusion: Diazepam and ethanol, induce specific patterns of network depressant actions. Diazepam, via gamma subunit containing GABAA receptors, induces cortical network inhibition and increased synchronicity. Ethanol, via a wider span of molecular targets, also induces cortical network inhibition, but without an increase in synchronicity.
Microglia induce neurogenesis by stimulating PI3K/AKT intracellular signaling in vitro
Authors: Lorenzen Kristi , Mathy Nicholas W. , Whiteford Erin R. , Eischeid Alex , Chen Jing , Behrens Matthew , Chen Xian-Ming , Shibata Annemarie 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background

Emerging evidence suggests that microglia can support neuronal survival, synapse development, and neurogenesis in classic neurogenic niches. Little is known about the ability of microglia to regulate the cortical environment and stimulate cortical neurogenesis outside of the classic neurogenic niches. We used an in vitro co-culture model system to test the hypothesis that microglia respond to soluble signals from injured cortical cells to alter the cortical environment in order to promote cortical neurogenesis and maintain cell survival.

Results

Our model system allows for assessment of how microglial soluble signals influence mechanically injured cortical cells in vitro. These data demonstrate that microglia responding to soluble signals from uninjured and, to a greater extent, injured cortical cells enhanced cortical cell viability and proliferation. Co-culture of injured cortical cells with microglia significantly reduced apoptosis as shown by TUNEL immunocytochemistry. Microglial-derived soluble cues enhanced the proliferation of cells expressing neurogenic markers nestin, glial fibrillary acidic protein, and α-internexin as determined by western blot and immunocytochemistry. Significantly increased NeuN expression was observed in injured cortical cultures co-cultured with microglia. Multiplex ELISA assays and RT-PCR analysis revealed significant increase of MCP-1/CCL2 and downregulation of IFN-γ, MIP-1α, TNFα and RANTES in media from microglial and injured cortical co-cultures compared to uninjured controls. Microglia soluble cues increase AKT phosphorylation in cortical cells particularly following injury. Inhibition of AKT phosphorylation in cortical cells blocked the microglial-enhanced cortical cell viability and expression of neurogenic markers in vitro.

Conclusion

An in vitro model system allows for assessment of microglial-derived soluble signals, independent of cell-cell contact, on cortical cell viability, proliferation, and differentiation during homeostasis or following injury. While many intracellular signaling pathways may be activated in neurons by neurogenic microglial-derived soluble cues, these data suggest that microglial-derived soluble signals produced during homeostasis and following activation by acute cortical injury enhance neurogenesis by upregulating AKT signaling. Increasing our understanding of the mechanisms that drive cortical neurogenesis stimulated by microglia during homeostasis and following injury will provide insight into neuroprotective role of immune activity in the CNS.
Chondroitinase ABC reduces dopaminergic nigral cell death and striatal terminal loss in a 6-hydroxydopamine partial lesion mouse model of Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Fletc Edward JR , Moon Lawrence DF , Duty Susan 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background
Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterised by dopaminergic cell loss within the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) that leads to reduced striatal dopamine content and resulting motor deficits. Identifying new strategies to protect these cells from degeneration and retain striatal dopaminergic innervation is therefore of great importance. Chondroitin sulphate proteoglycans (CSPGs) are recognised contributors to the inhibitory extracellular milieu known to hinder tissue recovery following CNS damage. Digestion of these molecules by the bacterial lyase chondroitinase ABC (ChABC) has been shown to promote functional recovery in animal models of neurological injury. Although ChABC has been shown to promote sprouting of dopaminergic axons following transection of the nigrostriatal pathway, its ability to protect against nigrostriatal degeneration in a more clinically-relevant toxin model of PD has yet to be explored. Here we examined the neuroprotective efficacy of ChABC treatment in the full and partial 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) lesion mouse models of PD.
Results
In mice bearing a full 6-OHDA lesion, ChABC treatment failed to protect against the loss of either nigral cells or striatal terminals. In contrast, in mice bearing a partial 6-OHDA lesion, ChABC treatment significantly protected cells of the rostral SNc, which remained at more than double the numbers seen in vehicle-treated animals. In the partial lesion model, ChABC treatment also significantly preserved dopaminergic fibres of the rostral dorsal striatum which increased from 15.3 ± 3.5% of the intact hemisphere in saline-treated animals to 36.3 ± 6.5% in the ChABC-treated group. These protective effects of ChABC treatment were not accompanied by improvements in either the cylinder or amphetamine-induced rotations tests of motor function.
Conclusions
ChABC treatment provided significant protection against a partial 6-OHDA lesion of the nigrostriatal tract although the degree of protection was not sufficient to improve motor outcomes. These results support further investigations into the benefits of ChABC treatment for providing neuroprotection in PD.
Stakeholder views on the acceptability of Human Infection Studies in Malawi
Authors: Kapumba Blessings , Jambo Kondwani , Rylance Jamie , Gmeiner Markus , Sambakunsi Rodrick , Parker Michael , Gordon Stephen , Gooding Kate 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background

Human infection studies (HIS) are essential in vaccine development. Deliberate infection, however, creates challenging questions, particularly in low and middle-income countries (LMIC) where CHIM are new and ethical challenges may be heightened. Consultation with stakeholders is needed to support contextually appropriate and acceptable study design. We examined stakeholder perceptions about the acceptability and ethics of HIS in Malawi, to inform decisions about planned pneumococcal challenge research and wider understanding of HIS ethics in LMIC.

Methods

We conducted 6 deliberative focus groups and 15 follow-up interviews with research staff, medical students, and community representatives from rural and urban Blantyre. We also conducted 5 key informant interviews with clinicians, ethics committee members and district health government officials.

Findings

Stakeholders perceived HIS research to have potential population health benefits, but they also had concerns, particularly related to safety of volunteers and negative community reactions. Acceptability depended on a range of conditions related to procedures for voluntary and informed consent, inclusion criteria, medical support, compensation, regulation, and robust community engagement. These conditions largely mirror those in existing guidelines for HIS and biomedical research in LMICs. Stakeholder perceptions pointed to potential tensions, for example balancing equity, safety and relevance in inclusion criteria.

Conclusions

Our findings suggest HIS research can be acceptable in Malawi, provided certain conditions are in place. Ongoing assessment of participant experiences and stakeholder perceptions will be required as HIS are implemented.
A simple method for conservative treatment of urinary fistula following ileal conduit
Authors: Ye Yunlin , Liang Hai-tao , Tan Lei , Xiao Kang-hua , Qin Zike 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background
Urinary fistula after ileal conduit is challenging, and this study is to investigate the role of intra-conduit negative pressure system (NPS) in urinary fistula following ileal conduit (IC) as conservative treatment.

Methods
Using intra-conduit NPS, a minor drainage was set in the silicon tube to suck urine from the conduit with consistent negative pressure. Patients with urinary fistula following IC from August 2012 to July 2017 were recorded, the clinical characteristics and outcome were retrospectively analyzed.
Results
Intra-conduit NPS was set as a primarily conservative treatment for 13 patients, who suffered urinary fistula presenting as overdose of abdominal/pelvic drainage, without other significant morbidities. Median age was 60 years old (42-74 years), and 7 were male. The median duration between IC operation and urine fistula was 15 days (2-28 days) and the elevated creatinine was detected in abdominal/pelvic drainage with a median level of 2114µmol/L (636-3852µmol/L). Significant decrease of abdominal/pelvic drainage was identified in 12 patients. The median time of NPS is 9 days (7-11days). The other one failed after observing 2 days without any improvement and then underwent open surgery. With ureter stenting, 2 abdominal drainages and intra-conduit NPS set during operation, no urine leaked in the abdominal/pelvic field and the patient cured in 9 days. With median follow-up of 22 months, no fistula recurrence or hydronephrosis was detected.
Conclusion
Intra-conduit negative pressure system is a feasible and promising way to cure urinary fistula following ileal conduit. For it’s mini-invasive and simple, it might be an alteration for selected patients.