bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of α-glucosidase Enzyme Inhibitor Compound from Ethanol 96% Extract of Yakon Leaves (Smallanthus sonchifolius [Poepp.& Endl.] H. Robinson)
Authors: Aziz Zuhelmi , Al Qisthi Farhana Hanida , Yuliana Nancy Dewi , Simanjuntak Partomuan 
Published: July 2019

The leaves of yacon (Smallanthussonchi folius [Poepp. &Endl.] H. Robinson) or in Indonesia known as “Daun insulin” (Insulin leaf), scientifically has various medicinal properties and one of them as antidiabetic. The aim of this research is to know α-glucosidase enzyme inhibitor compound in the ethanol 96% extract of yacon leaves. Fractionation of ethanol extract subjected to column chromatography (SiO2; dichloromethane-methanol-water = 5 : 5 : 1) gave 5 fractions (Fr -1 ~Fr – 5). The results of the -glucosidase enzyme inhibition activity test in vitro against the five fractions obtained the 3rd fraction as the most active of 87.84 %. Purification of the 3rd fraction with preparative thin layer chromatography (SiO2; n-BuOH-ethanol-water = 4 : 1 : 2.2) gave pure isolate as Fr 3-1. Identification of pure isolates Fr 3-1 was carried out by interpreted spectra of Ultraviolet, Fourier Transform-Infra Red, Mass Spectra (from LC-MS) and compared data on the chemical shift of the Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (proton and carbon) and determined as Nystose (GF3) compound. The results of the -glucosidase enzyme inhibition activity showed that Fr 3-1 has IC50 of 21.36 ppm
Natrium Alginat sebagai Polimer Mukoadhesif terhadap Daya Lekat serta Pelepasan Granul Mukoadhesif Amoksisilin
Authors: Srifiana Yudi , Widayanti Ari , Nopriadi Nopriadi 
Published: July 2019

Mukoadhesif merupakan bentuk sediaan bioadhesif yang membentuk ikatan dengan membran mukosa. Sediaan mukoadhesif bertahan pada mukosa dalam periode waktu yang diperlama sehingga dapat meningkatkan ketersediaan hayati obat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan natrium alginat sebagai polimer bioadhesif terhadap daya lekat sediaan. Granul mukoadhesif dibuat menggunakan amoksisilin sebagai model zat aktif dan natrium alginat sebagai polimer bioadhesif dengan metode granulasi basah. Evaluasi granul yang dilakukan yaitu uji susut pengeringan, uji distribusi ukuran partikel, uji wash off menggunakan mukosa lambung tikus dan uji disolusi. Hasil perolehan kembali F1, F2, F3, F4, F5, 540 mg, 560 mg, 580 mg, 600 mg, 620 mg. Hasil uji sifat alir 10,78-11,75 g/detik dan sudut diam 33,50-35,15°, hasil uji distribusi ukuran patikel berada pada rentang 1410-1680 μm, susut pengeringan 11,07-13,57%, uji wash off F1,F2,F3,F4 dan F5 yaitu 12,67, 14,00, 18,67, 26,00 dan 33,33%. Uji anova 2 arah terhadap % terdisolusi dan hasil uji wash off menghasilkan nilai sig. <0,05, sehingga terdapat perbedaan bermakna antar formula. Berdasarkan hasil yang diperoleh dapat disimpulkan bahwa peningkatan konsentrasi natrium alginat dapat meningkatkan daya mukoadhesif granul amoksisilin pada mukosa lambung tikus tetapi kurang dapat menahan pelepasan obat, dan formula yang paling baik adalah formula 3 yang mengandung natrium alginat 580 mg.
Skrining Fitokimia dan Potensi AktivitaS Antioksidan Ekstrak Etanol Daun Hijau dan Daun Merah Kastuba
Authors: Sopiah Baiq , Muliasari Handa , Yuanita Emmy 
Published: July 2019

Radikal bebas merupakan suatu atom atau molekul yang memiliki elektron yang tidak berpasangan pada orbital terluarnya sehingga membuat molekul ini sangat reaktif dan tidak stabil. Radikal bebas apabila terpapar terus menerus didalam tubuh dipercaya dapat menyebabkan beberapa penyakit diantaranya aterosklorosis, iskemik, kanker dan penuaan dini sehingga diperlukan adanya senyawa antioksidan untuk menghambat pembentukan radikal bebas. Kastuba (Euphorbia Pulcherrima Willd.) merupakan salah satu tanaman yang berpotensi sebagai antioksidan alami. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kandungan senyawa kimia aktif dan potensi aktivitas penghambatan radikal bebas dalam ekstrak etanol daun kastuba. Prosedur dari penelitian ini yaitu pengumpulan bahan, determinasi tanaman, pembuatan simplisia, ekstraksi, skrining fitokimia serta uji penghambatan radikal bebas secara kualitatif dengan KLT (Kromatografi Lapis Tipis). Skrining Fitokimia bertujuan untuk mengetahui komponen senyawa kimia dari ekstrak etanol daun kastuba yang meliputi pengujian flavonoid, tannin dan terpenoid. Potensi penghambatan radikal bebas dilakukan secara kualitatif dengan KLT pereaksi semprot DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol daun kastuba baik daun hijau maupun daun merah kastuba mengandung senyawa flavonoid, tannin dan terpenoid serta kedua daun sama-sama berpotensi sebagai aktivitas penghambatan radikal bebas dilihat dari bercak kuning yang dihasilkan setelah disemprot preaksi DPPH.
Macronutrient Level and Glycemic Index Value of Femented and Unfermented Suweg (Amorphophallus campanulatus) Tuber Fluor
Authors: Laksmitawati Dian Ratih , Marwati Umi , Indriani Vergie 
Published: July 2019

Low-glycemic indexed foods are increasingly in demand. The glycemic index value is influenced by macronutrient composition. Fermentation can change macronutrient levels of foods. This study aims to analize the effect of lactic acid bacteria fermentation on macronutrient content (protein, fat, carbohydrate) and glycemic index of suweg (Amorphophallus campanulatus) tuber flour. Tuber were thinly sliced, fermented with 10% lactic acid bacteria T1-2 isolated from previous studies, then incubated at room temperature for 4 days. The fermented tuber was then made into flour. The fermented suweg flour was tested to determine the glycemic index using experimental mice. Macronutrient levels of carbohydrates, fats and proteins are chemically determined. The results showed that during the lactate acid bacteria fermentation process 0-4 days there was an increase of lactat acid bacteria viability from day 0 to day 2 (3,64x108- 20,38x108 cells / ml) and decreased after day 2 (14,63x108- 7,91x108 cells / ml), the total acid count increased (0,2066% -1,2599%) as the pH decreased (5,43-4,37). The determination respectively result of protein, fat and carbohydrate contents of fermented suweg fluor was 7,41%, 0,46% and 0,38% and 6,05%, 0,38% , 82,15% in non fermented suweg fluor. The glycemic index value of fermented suweg flour was 64,6 and 69,4 in non fermented fluor. Based on statistical test, macronutrient content (fat, carbohydrate, protein) and glycemic index showed no significant difference between fermented and non fermented suweg fluor (P> 0,05). Fermentation of the lactic acid bacteria on suweg tuber for four days had no effect on the glycemic index and carbohydrate, fat and protein levels on the tubers.
PENGARUH PENDAMPINGAN KELUARGA DIABETIK TERHADAP PENURUNAN KADAR GULA DARAH DI PUSKESMAS WONOREJO
Authors: Widayati Eny , Supriadi Supriadi , Firdaus Rivan 
Published: July 2019

PENGARUH PENDAMPINGAN KELUARGA DIABETIK TERHADAP PENURUNAN KADAR GULA DARAH
DI PUSKESMAS WONOREJO
HUBUNGAN INDEKS MASSA TUBUH (IMT) DENGAN RESIKO KAKI DIABETIK PADA PASIEN DIABETES MELITUS TIPE 2
Authors: Tini Tini 
Published: July 2019

Meningkatnya kejadian diabetes melitus mengakibatkan pula meningkatnya komplikasi, salah satunya kaki diabetik. Kaki diabetik dapat disebabkan oleh berbagai faktor resiko diantaranya adalah faktor kegemukan yang ditandai dengan tingginya indeks massa tubuh (IMT). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara hubungan indeks massa tubuh (IMT) dengan resiko kaki diabetik pada pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2.
Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan analitik korelasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Responden berjumlah 68 orang yang diambil secara purposive sampling. Indeks massa tubuh diperoeh dari pengukuran berat badan dan tinggi badan yang dihitung melalui rumus BB/TB2. Sedangkan resiko kaki diabetik diambil melalui pemeriksaan skrining resiko kaki diabetik dengan Screening Tools Inlow’s 60 second diabetic foot dari Canadian Association of Wound Care.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar responden memiliki IMT ≥ 23 (73,5%) dan beresiko rendah terjadinya kaki diabetik (67,6%). Analisis statistik dengan uji Chi square diperoleh tidak ada hubungan antara indeks massa tubuh (IMT) dengan resiko kaki diabetik (p value 0,245). Meskipun beresiko rendah untuk mengalami kaki diabetik, namun terdapat beberapa faktor resiko yang dimiliki oleh pasien diantaranya penggunaan alas kaki yang salah, adanya kesemutan dan neuropati. Sehingga perlu dilakukan pengendalian kadar gula darah melalui pengontrolan berat badan dan perawatan kaki
Analisis Pengelolaan Limbah Medis Puskesmas di Kecamatan Babulu Kabupaten Penajam Paser Utara Berdasarkan Permenkes Nomor 27 Tahun 2017
Authors: Amrullah Amrullah Aam 
Published: July 2019

The amount of medical waste originating from health facilities are expected progressively increasing. Waste generated from medical efforts such as health centers, polyclinics and hospitals are the type of waste which are included in the category of biohazard waste is very dangerous type of environment, where many exiles viruses, bacteria and other harmful substances. This study was conducted to analyze the management of solid medical waste in the public health centers in Kecamatan Penajam Kabupaten Penajam Paser Utara Provinsi Kalimantan Timur.
This research is a qualitative descriptive. The object of research is the implementation of medical waste management in health centers and community health centers target sanitarians and janitor. The research variables include the characteristics of medical waste, stage management, medical waste management officers, facilities, SOP and the perceived health impact of medical waste management officers.
The results showed solid medical waste management of health centers is not in accordance with the applicable provisions of the color of plastic bags are used not appropriate, storage locations are not eligible, and there are medical waste that is not destroyed by incineration. Medical waste management facilities not adequate ie no conveyance and no incinerators. Medical waste management is done not in accordance with the SOP and SOP is not in accordance with regulations. Medical waste management officers not using PPE.
It is advisable to do a lug medical waste with a plastic bag, label and symbol in accordance with existing regulations. Medical waste storage location is advisable to be in a secure area and symbols and labels. Waste disposal is done in the health center in order to keep attention to the existing guidelines to minimize the risk. The need for training on medical waste management and use of PPE.
The Spur and the Gap in GD-1: Dynamical Evidence for a Dark Substructure in the Milky Way Halo
Authors: Bonaca Ana , Hogg David W. , Price-Whelan Adrian M. , Conroy Charlie 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
We present a model for the interaction of the GD-1 stellar stream with a massive perturber that naturally explains many of the observed stream features, including a gap and an off-stream spur of stars. The model involves an impulse by a fast encounter, after which the stream grows a loop of stars at different orbital energies. At specific viewing angles, this loop appears offset from the stream track. A quantitative comparison of the spur-and-gap features prefers models where the perturber is in the mass range of 106
–108
M
⊙. Orbit integrations back in time show that the stream encounter could not have been caused by any known globular cluster or dwarf galaxy with a determined orbit, and mass, size, and impact parameter arguments show that it could not have been caused by a molecular cloud in the Milky Way disk. The most plausible explanation for the gap-and-spur structure is an encounter with a dark matter substructure, like those predicted to populate galactic halos in ΛCDM cosmology. However, the expected densities of ΛCDM subhalos in this mass range and in this part of the Milky Way are 2σ–3σ lower than the inferred density of the GD-1 perturber. This observation opens up the possibility that detailed observations of streams could measure the mass spectrum of dark matter substructures and even identify individual substructures and their orbits in the Galactic halo.
TESS Hunt for Young and Maturing Exoplanets (THYME): A Planet in the 45 Myr Tucana–Horologium Association
Authors: Newton Elisabeth R. , Mann Andrew W. , Tofflemire Benjamin M. , Pearce Logan , Rizzuto Aaron C. , Vanderburg Andrew , Martinez Raquel A. , Wang Jason J. , Ruffio Jean-Baptiste , Kraus Adam L. , Johnson Marshall C. , Thao Pa Chia , Wood Mackenna L. , Rampalli Rayna , Nielsen Eric L. , Collins Karen A. , Dragomir Diana , Hellier Coel , Anderson D. R. , Barclay Thomas , Brown Carolyn , Feiden Gregory , Hart Rhodes , Isopi Giovanni , Kielkopf John F. , Mallia Franco , Nelson Peter , Rodriguez Joseph E. , Stockdale Chris , Waite Ian A. , Wright Duncan J. , Lissauer Jack J. , Ricker George R. , Vanderspek Roland , Latham David W. , Seager S. , Winn Joshua N. , Jenkins Jon M. , Bouma Luke G. , Burke Christopher J. , Davies Misty , Fausnaugh Michael , Li Jie , Morris Robert L. , Mukai Koji , Villaseñor Joel , Villeneuva Steven , De Rosa Robert J. , Macintosh Bruce , Mengel Matthew W. , Okumura Jack , Wittenmyer Robert A. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Young exoplanets are snapshots of the planetary evolution process. Planets that orbit stars in young associations are particularly important because the age of the planetary system is well constrained. We present the discovery of a transiting planet larger than Neptune but smaller than Saturn in the 45 Myr Tucana–Horologium young moving group. The host star is a visual binary, and our follow-up observations demonstrate that the planet orbits the G6V primary component, DS Tuc A (HD 222259A, TIC 410214986). We first identified transits using photometry from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS; alerted as TOI 200.01). We validated the planet and improved the stellar parameters using a suite of new and archival data, including spectra from Southern Astrophysical Research/Goodman, South African Extremely Large Telescope/High Resolution Spectrograph and Las Cumbres Observatories/Network of Robotic Echelle Spectrographs; transit photometry from Spitzer; and deep adaptive optics imaging from Gemini/Gemini Planet Imager. No additional stellar or planetary signals are seen in the data. We measured the planetary parameters by simultaneously modeling the photometry with a transit model and a Gaussian process to account for stellar variability. We determined that the planetary radius is 5.70 ± 0.17 R
⊕ and that the orbital period is 8.1 days. The inclination angles of the host star’s spin axis, the planet’s orbital axis, and the visual binary’s orbital axis are aligned within 15° to within the uncertainties of the relevant data. DS Tuc Ab is bright enough (V = 8.5) for detailed characterization using radial velocities and transmission spectroscopy.
Les peintres et sculpteurs « sans qualité ». Une population invisible dans le Paris des Lumières ?
Authors: Tauziède-Espariat Maël 
Published: July 2019

Les archives de la police de Paris au xviii e siècle révèlent l’existence de travailleurs actifs en dehors des institutions, et donc peu visibles. Parmi eux, les peintres et sculpteurs « sans qualité » constituaient une population hétérogène, mobile et nombreuse. Une évaluation quantitative indique que les artisans, artistes et marchands « sans qualité » actifs dans les domaines des beaux-arts, des arts décoratifs, du marché de l’art et du bâtiment représenteraient des centaines d’individus dans les années 1760. Marginalisés juridiquement et intégrés économiquement, les peintres et sculpteurs « sans qualité » sont mêlés de facto aux dérèglements institutionnels de la seconde moitié du xviii e siècle qui conduisirent à la remise en cause du système corporatif et à la libéralisation du statut de l’artiste. Dans le domaine plus spécifique de l’histoire sociale de l’art, les archives de la police renseignent sur l’atelier, les pratiques artistiques et la production, comblant ainsi des lacunes biographiques. Cette étude montre aussi comment de jeunes artistes constituaient un objet de rivalités entre l’Académie royale de peinture et de sculpture et la Communauté des peintres et sculpteurs de Paris, et questionne la possibilité de faire une carrière artistique en dehors des institutions.
Les exercices « au grand air » des lycéens (1820-1880) : un effet des campagnes hygiénistes du début du XIX e siècle ?
Authors: Hoibian Olivier , Vaucelle Serge 
Published: July 2019

Pour expliquer l’instauration de l’enseignement obligatoire de la gymnastique à l’école en France, une certaine tradition historiographique privilégie l’influence des préoccupations patriotiques ou militaires des années 1870-1880 (décret Duruy, 1869 ; loi George, 1880). Ce n’est que dans un second temps que les revendications des médecins viendraient contester les orientations militaristes de la gymnastique scolaire à partir du débat de l’Académie de médecine de 1887 sur le « surmenage intellectuel ». Cette approche de l’histoire de l’instauration de l’éducation physique scolaire comme passage d’un âge militaire à un âge médical avant l’avènement d’un âge pédagogique, semble devoir être interrogée. Une telle interprétation tend en effet à minimiser la présence significative de pratiques d’activités physiques dans les lycées dès la Restauration. Les premières campagnes des hygiénistes en faveur de l’exercice physique chez les adolescents commencent dans les premières années du xix e siècle. Dès cette époque, la relation entre exercice physique et amélioration de la scolarité des élèves apparaît déjà construite et largement admise dans les milieux éclairés. L’analyse consistera à rendre compte des conditions sociales de l’instauration précoce de ces pratiques dans le cadre scolaire, en l’absence de toute prescription institutionnelle, de la Restauration aux années 1880.
Physiotherapy education in Africa- The experience in Nigeria
Authors: Amosun Seyi L. 
Published: July 2019

The African Rehabilitation Institute, an arm of the Organisation of African Unity, recently designed a physiotherapy education programme for implementation in African countries. The West African sub-region, having one of the oldest physiotherapy education programmes in the continent, was not directly involved in the formulation of the programme. A review of physiotherapy education in Nigeria, the first African nation after South-Africa to be admitted into the membership of the World Confederation for Physical Therapy, shows that the programme recommended by the African Rehabilitation Institute is highly commendable.
Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Patients: A Study on Confined Populations of Southern India
Authors: Gorre Manjula , Sashidhar RB , Annamaneni Sandhya , Digumarti Raghunadharao , Satti Vishnupriya 
Published: July 2019

AbstractContext: Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is one of the most common hematological malignancies in all populations throughout the world. Even though the pathophysiology of CML was well explained in majority of the studies, the incidence of CML was shown to exhibit population diversity, and hence, the demographic factors underlying CML origin remain to be understood. Further, the introduction of tyrosine kinase inhibitors had revolutionized the treatment of CML over the years; however, there is a need for developing tailoring therapy to individual risk since the patient clinical heterogeneity poses a major problem during drug response. Therefore, the study of basic clinical picture may aid in planning treatment strategies for CML patients. Aim: The aim of this article is to study the epidemiological and clinical variables associated with the prognosis of CML. Subjects and Methods: We have considered the distribution of various demographic and clinical variables among 476 CML patients diagnosed at Nizam’s Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, Telangana, India. Statistical Analysis Used: All the analyses were performed through SPSS software (version 21.0). Correlation and Cox regression analyses were also performed. Results: Apart from the elevated male sex ratio in CML incidence, high frequency of males was observed to be nonresponders to imatinib mesylate (IM). IM response was shown to be dependent on phase of diagnosis, whereas overall survival of CML patients depends on the age at onset and response to IM. Conclusions: The study of epidemiology and clinical picture of CML patients may help in planning better treatment strategies at diagnosis to achieve long-term progression-free survival.
Pattern of Bone Marrow Involvement by Solid Tumors: Experience from a Tertiary Care Center from South India
Authors: Rudresha AH , Patidar Rajesh , Lakshmaiah Kuntegowdanahalli C , Babu K Govind , Lokanatha Dasappa , Jacob Linu Abraham , Babu MC Suresh , Namrata NR , Kadabur N Lokesh , Rajeev LK , Anand Abhishek , Asati Vikas 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background: Bone marrow involvement by solid tumor implicates advanced disease and dismal prognosis. Bone marrow aspiration and biopsy are routinely performed as staging workup for certain small round cell tumors and also for unexplained cytopenia in other solid tumors. It is important to rule out bone marrow involvement before planning for curative treatment. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective observational study. The aim of our study was to evaluate the pattern of bone marrow involvement by different solid tumors and their correlation with the hematological abnormalities. We retrospectively evaluated bone marrow aspirations and biopsy performed in past 3 years. Results: At our institution, bone marrow examinations were performed in 440 patients during past 3 years for solid malignancies. Out of 440, 206 were pediatric cases and 234 were adult cases. Bone marrow was involved in 56 (12.7%) patients. Among the pediatric cases, bone marrow involvement was present in 30 (12.8%) cases, and in adult cases, bone marrow was involved was in 26 (11.1%) cases. Neuroblastoma (40%) was the most common malignancy, which involved the bone marrow among pediatric cases, followed by retinoblastoma (26.6%) and Ewing’s sarcoma (20%). Among adult patients, neuroendocrine carcinoma (23%) was at the top of the list of tumors involving bone marrow, which is followed by Ewing’s sarcoma (19.2%) and nasopharyngeal carcinoma (11.5%). Conclusion: Neuroblastoma and neuroendocrine carcinoma are the major cause of bone marrow involvement among the solid malignancies in pediatric and adult population, respectively. Use of immunohistochemistry markers on bone marrow biopsies may result in higher detection rate.