bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
As ameaças ao setor de saúde brasileiro
Authors: Osaki Milton M 
Published: April 2019

O presente artigo pretende apresentar algumas dificuldades atuais e previstas do setor de saúde do nosso país que exigem atenção para garantir o bem-estar dos cidadãos.Os gastos com a assistência à saúde no Brasil atualmente atingem cerca de 9% do PIB. Porém, o crescimento dos gastos preocupa pela velocidade com que ocorre. Caso os gastos continuarem evoluindo com a mesma taxa destes últimos anos, poderão chegar a representar 20 a 25% do PIB em 2030, dificultando o custeio da assistência à saúde.Para o contingenciamento dos custos, o aperfeiçoamento e consolidação dos modelos de atenção aos idosos é necessidade prioritária pelo perfil de envelhecimento da população. Investir em saneamento básico é fundamental para a contenção dos custos de assistência às doenças infectocontagiosas. É importante a conscientização da população quanto à prevenção de doenças para minimizar gastos assistenciais. Do lado governamental, o investimento e melhoria das ações de promoção à saúde é necessidade urgente para o mesmo fim. Nosso país necessita ainda trabalhar ferramentas de gestão, como a integração de dados do paciente, utilizar tecnologias e incorporar inovações para a melhoria do setor de saúde brasileiro.Porém, investir na melhoria da governança é indubitavelmente a maior necessidade para assegurar a melhoria e viabilidade do setor.Palavras-chave: Sistema Único de Saúde; Demografia; Políticas, Planejamento e Administração em Saúde; Governança ABSTRACTThe present article intends to present some current and foreseen difficulties of the Brazilian health sector that demand attention to guarantee the well-being of the citizens.Expenditures on health care in Brazil currently reach around 9% of GDP. But spending growth worries about the speed with which it occurs. If expenditures continue to evolve at the same rate in recent years, they may account for 20-25% of GDP by 2030, making it difficult to afford health care costs.For the cost contingency, the improvement and consolidation of care models for the elderly is a priority need due to the aging profile of the population. Investing in basic sanitation is essential to contain the costs of assisting infectious diseases. It is important to educate the population about disease prevention to minimize care expenses. On the government side, investment and improvement of health promotion actions is an urgent need for the same purpose. Our country still needs to work on management tools, such as integrating patient data, using technologies and incorporating innovations to improve the Brazilian health sector.However, investing in improving governance is undoubtedly the greatest need to ensure the improvement and viability of the sector.Keywords: Unified Health System; Demography; Health Policy, Planning and Management; Governance
Healthcare Workers' Perceptions of Services at the Swaziland Wellness Centre
Authors: Mallinson R. Kevin , Sibandze Bongani T. , Alqahtani Naji 
Published: April 2019

The healthcare workforce in southern Africa is diminished by unprecedented morbidity and mortality as a result of the HIV pandemic. Healthcare workers (HCWs) have been hesitant to access care where facility staff may be unprofessional, stigmatising, or breaching client confidentiality. The Wellness Centre for Health Care Workers opened in 2006 to enhance the health and well-being of HCWs in the Kingdom of Swaziland. The Centre’s nurse-managed model of care – the first of its kind in Africa – delivers HIV and tuberculosis prevention and treatment services through a primary care, community-based clinic. Our mixed-methods study evaluated the first 10 years of the Centre’s operation; a medical record review was complemented with 23 HCW client interviews. This article reports on the qualitative component in which HCWs described their experiences of receiving services at the Centre. The Centre’s service delivery was described as acceptable by HCWs receiving care for physical and psychological conditions. Clients with HIV described a supportive and inspiring environment that lacked the stigma and mistreatment that clients had experienced in other health facilities. Nurses were well-trained, trustworthy clinicians who engaged with their clients in a compassionate manner. The Centre’s unique outreach is effective in engaging HCW clients and their family members in primary care and HIV services. The Centre’s approach may serve as a model for similar nurse-managed clinics in Africa. It is recommended that nurses caring for HCW clients be respectful, communicative, and competent clinicians. Assuring privacy and confidentiality for HCW clients may increase enrolment and retention of clients in care.
Skills Gap among Sexual and Reproductive Healthcare Professionals in Cameroon
Authors: Nkwenti Michael N. , Abeywardena Ishan Sudeera 
Published: April 2019

Over the last 10 years, the state of sexual and reproductive health in Cameroon has been challenging with rising levels of sexually transmitted diseases, the high fertility rate, and high infant and maternal mortality rates. Some researchers attributed these challenges to the limited number and quality of sexual and reproductive health personnel working in health facilities across the country. The North West Region of Cameroon was taken as a unit of study to probe into the skills gap among sexual and reproductive health practitioners. A total of nÂ =Â 302 participants at a confidence interval of 95Â per cent were selected using a stratified random sampling technique to take part in the study. The results indicated that a good number of them have no prior experience in the field of sexual and reproductive health. On the other hand, most of the practitionersâ€™ skills level is situated between intermediate and competent with very few of them being at the expert skills level. It was therefore recommended that most of the participants needs improvement in (i)Â computer or information technology skills; (ii)Â research skills; and (iii)Â leadership development of the specialty. These areas need to be dealt with, as a matter of priority, through training and professional development to enable these professionals to deliver better service in the sexual and reproductive healthcare sector. It was also recommended that, in line with the critical role that sexual and reproductive health practitioners play in Cameroonâ€™s health system, the Ministry of Public Health and other role players in the health sector make sufficient investments in the improvement of the health workforceâ€™s accessibility to information and communication technology.
Le psaume 18
Authors: Meynet, S.I. Roland 
Published: April 2019

Le Ps 18 est le troisième plus long du Psautier. Son importance toutefois n’est pas seulement due à sa longueur; elle tient aussi et surtout au fait que ce psaume remplit une fonction conclusive: de même en effet que son double se trouve à la fin des livres de Samuel (2S 22), ainsi le Ps 18 conclut la première sous-section du premier livre des psaumes (Ps 1–18). Son titre, particulièrement développé, le laisse entendre: «au jour où Yhwh le délivra de la paume de tous ses ennemis et de la main de Saül». Le poème comprend sept passages organisés de manière concentrique autour d’une déclaration d’innocence (v. 21-30) qui ne laisse pas de poser problème. Prétendre que ces versets sont secondaires ne saurait lever la difficulté; cela ne fait, en réalité, que témoigner de l’impuissance à résoudre l’énigme que constitue toujours le centre d’une composition concentrique. La clé n’est pas cachée, elle offerte dans la formule qui marque le tournant du texte: «Avec le fidèle tu es fidèle» (v. 26).
Egzegeza i interpretacja Łk 16 na podstawie metodologii wypracowanej przez retorykę semicką
Authors: Skorupa Lucyna Anna 
Published: April 2019

The focus of this thesis is an exegesis and interpretation of Luke 16 based on the methodology developed by Hebrew Rhetoric. The assumed goal has been achieved.The conducted analysis was described in three interrelated chapters. The first chapter was dedicated to the composition of the text. This stage of work consists of delimitation which has allowed to separate Luke 16 as one unit and present its context. Luke 16 includes three interrelated passages. Their detailed segmentation was provided in the second paragraph. The final stage was a holistic view of the examined sequence, which justified its symmetrical-concentric structure.In the second chapter, intertextual analysis of particular expressions significant for the interpretation of the pericopes included in the sequences, was carried out. At this stage, connection between units was revealed, what in the next chapter allowed to describe relations and explain the previously established compositional figure AXA’.Developed interpretation of particular passages has been a starting point for deeper analysis, in which parallel units were interpreted, what let to draw theological conclusions. It has been shown that cognition, in the biblical sense, is a first stage leading to full commitment. Only the person who really experienced the closeness of Jesus is able to risk using all possible means to enter kingdom of God. It is possible only by showing mercy and making use of worldly possessions. Undivided heart commited to serving God requires creative love of neighbour.
Jezusowa mowa o służbie jako centrum Łukaszowego opisu wydarzeń z Wieczernika
Authors: Błaszkiewicz Patrycja 
Published: April 2019

Artykuł jest próbą odczytania przesłania Jezusa, pozostawionego wspólnocie Nowego Przymierza jako testamentu podczas Ostatniej Wieczerzy, którego realizacja zaowocuje osiągnięciem obiecanego Królestwa. Cel ten został osiągnięty poprzez analizę fragmentu 22. rozdziału Ewangelii według św. Łukasza (Łk 22,14-38) za pomocą hebrajskiej retoryki biblijnej.Przeprowadzone badanie zostało opisane w 3 powiązanych ze sobą punktach. Pierwszy z nich (Kompozycja) został poświęcony kompozycji tekstu. Na ten etap pracy składała się delimitacja, która pozwoliła wydzielić z rozdziału 22. Łukaszowej Ewangelii fragment zawarty w ww. 14-38. Kolejne odgraniczenia wskazały 5 mniejszych jednostek ułożonych względem siebie paralelnie. Ich szczegółowa segmentacja została ujęta w 2. punkcie (Kontekst biblijny oraz interpretacja poszczególnych fragmentów sekwencji Łk 22,14-38). Na koniec 1. punktu (1.3. Ujęcie całościowe) dokonano ujęcia całościowego badanej sekwencji, co uzasadniło jego symetryczno-koncentryczną budowę.Wypracowana kompozycja stała się punktem wyjścia dla analiz podjętych w drugim punkcie. Składał się na nie kontekst biblijny oraz interpretacja poszczególnych perykop. Ten etap badania pozwolił dostrzec powiązania pomiędzy jednostkami, które zebrane i opisane w rozdziale kolejnym uzasadniły proponowaną wcześniej figurę kompozycyjną ABCB’A’.Na początku trzeciego punktu (3.1. Interpretacja perykop w ich wzajemnym odniesieniu) przedstawiono interpretację 5 badanych jednostek w ich odniesieniach do fragmentów paralelnych oraz pozostałych, a to z kolei pozwoliło na wyciągnięcie wniosków teologicznych. Wskazano, że realizacją testamentu Jezusa jest służba, której motywem musi być miłość. Tylko ten, kto przyjmie rewolucję Mistrza z Nazaretu, głoszącego, że aby królować, trzeba służyć, będzie godny przystępować do stołu eucharystycznego tu na ziemi, a kiedyś królować z Bogiem w niebie.
Pengembangan Media Matematika Virtual Berbasis Teams Game Tournament ditinjau dari Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah
Authors: Nuryadi Nuryadi 
Published: April 2019

<span>Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menghasilkan media pembelajaran matematika virtual berbasis </span><em>teams game tournament</em><span> ditinjau dari kemampuan pemecahan masalah yang valid, praktis, dan efektif. Media pembelajaran matematika virtual yang dihasilkan berbasis teams game tournament pada materi pokok bangun ruang sisi datar memuat 4 tingkatan dengan permainan </span><em>Uno Beam Magic</em><span>, dimana permainan ini terdapat soal-soal yang harus dikerjakan untuk naik ke level berikutnya. Prosedur pengembangan media matematika virtual menggunakan 5 tahapan yaitu analisis, perancangan, pengembangan, implementasi, dan evaluasi. Uji coba yang dilakukan meliputi ujicoba ahli/validasi ahli (</span><em>expert judgement</em><span>), uji coba kelompok kecil (</span><em>small group try-out</em><span>) dan uji coba lapangan (</span><em>field try-out</em><span>). Uji coba lapangan (</span><em>field try-out</em><span>) dilakukan pada dua kelas VIII di SMP N 1 Sedayu. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah lembar validasi, lembar penilaian kepraktisan oleh guru, lembar penilaian kepraktisan oleh siswa, dan instrumen tes keefektifan media. Analisis data dilakukan dengan mengkonversi total skor data kuantitatif yang diperoleh menjadi data kualitatif skala lima. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa media matematika virtual berbasis teams game tournament memenuhi kriteria valid, praktis dan efektif ditinjau dari kemampuan pemecahan masalah.</span>
AUTOFORMAÇÃO E EXPERIÊNCIA SENSÍVEL EM “FILOSOFIA COM CRIANÇAS”
Authors: Silva Dagmar De Mello e , Marton Silmara Lídia 
Published: April 2019

No presente artigo, propomos a experiência filosófica, como experiência de pensamento, que, como acontecimento, germine questões que agucem a curiosidade de estudantes para novas aprendizagens. Nessa direção, utilizamos a arte como dispositivo desencadeador de estados múltiplos de sensibilidade, a fim de participar da autoformação das crianças para que estas experimentem a complexidade da condição humana.
The Impact of Demographic Factors on the Labor Potential of the Far East Regions
Authors: Yarasheva A. V. , Makar S. V. 
Published: April 2019

The subject of the research is the population decline and, as a result, a drop in the labor potential in the Far East. The relevance of the problems under study is due, firstly, to the low population density in this area, secondly, negative values of the natural movement of the population, thirdly, migration of working-age people to other regions, fourthly, relatively low indicators of standards and quality of life of citizens living in the Far East. Together, the negative factors identified in the area carry a geopolitical threat and impede the desired strategic socio-economic development of Russia. The purpose of the paper was to reveal the factors contributing to the growth of the labor potential in the Far Eastern Federal District based on an analysis of ongoing processes and existing regularities of critical interrelationships. The study is based on the analysis of changes in the population of the Far East regions, migration growth/decline indicators, life expectancy factors in the gender context, trends in loss/growth of budget incomes per capita as well as the per capita cash income. An integrated approach to increasing the labor potential of the population in the regions of the Far Eastern Federal District is proposed based on the analysis of the interrelationships of demographic, cultural, economic and social processes taking into account the concepts of self-protective behavior, human capital, and social clusterism. It is concluded that this approach can be used by government agencies in the implementation of the plan of the long-term socio-economic development of the Far East.
Healthcare Financing: European Experience and Russian Practice
Authors: Antropov V. V. 
Published: April 2019

The subject of the research is healthcare financing systems in European countries and Russia. The relevance of the problem stems from the possibility of using successful foreign experience for the organization of healthcare financing in Russia. The purpose of the research was to examine the specific features of the establishing and funding healthcare models in countries of Europe and the possibilities of their experience in organizing healthcare financing in the Russian Federation. The paper examines the current state of the two models of health financing in the EU — budget funding and insurance. By the example of individual European countries, the operation specifics of each model are analyzed, their advantages and disadvantages are assessed. Particular attention is paid to the specifics of the healthcare financing system in Russia and its difference from foreign systems. Taking into account the foreign experience and the need to improve the Russian compulsory healthcare insurance (CHI) system, the paper proposes ways to improve the Russian model of healthcare financing: establishment of a unified organizational and financial CHI model; introduction of a system of equal participation of the employer and employee in the financing of compulsory healthcare insurance; introduction of a family insurance system; promotion of voluntary healthcare insurance programs. It is concluded that the keypoint in the CHI system restructuring should be the search for socially acceptable and economically justified forms of attracting public funds. At the same time, it is extremely important that the funds received by medical institutions do not increase the shadow incomes in the economy but are spent on the development of the healthcare system.
A System Approach to Achieving the National Goal of Increasing Life Expectancy to 78 years by 2024
Authors: Ulumbekova G. E. , Prokhorenko N. F. , Kalashnikova A. V. , Ghinoyan A. B. 
Published: April 2019

The paper defines conditions to achieve the national goal of increasing the lifetime in the Russian Federation to 78 years by 2024 as set in Presidential Decree No. 204 of May 7, 2018. The measures proposed in the Healthcare and Demography national projects are analyzed and additional measures to improve public health are proposed. It is shown that because of inadequate government expenditures on medicines for outpatients, the financial burden of their acquisition by people is four times as much compared to the government spending. It was revealed that to achieve life expectancy of 78 years by 2024, the public healthcare per capita expenditures should grow by 15% annually in constant prices, providing that the country’s GRP per capita increases by 1.7% in 2019, by 3% in 2020 and by 4% in the period of 2021–2024, while the consumption of strong alcoholic beverages decreases by 45% per capita. In the Healthcare national project the healthcare expenditure growth rates are defined to be below 10% at current prices. The paper concludes that the achievement of this goal requires additional government expenditures (including those in the framework of the Healthcare national project). The funds should also be directed to expanding the availability of medicines for outpatients, programs for reducing mortality from infectious diseases, and increasing salaries of lower medical personnel. For the implementation of the Demography national project, particular targets should be set to reduce the alcohol consumption by 45% until 2024, with twofold reduction of the proportion of smokers, along with additional measures to implement the anti-alcohol and anti-tobacco policy and promote healthy living among the population.
The Impact of the Demographic Policy on the Economic Security of Russia
Authors: Mironova V. N. 
Published: April 2019

The subject of the research is demographic processes reflected in the population dynamics and fertility and mortality indices as well as the state of migration that might compensate for the natural population decline. The purposes of the research were to reveal the main threats to the economic security of the country due to ill-timed resolution of demographic problems and propose measures to overcome the negative trends. The research was based on studying the demographic processes in Russia and a number of other countries to make sure the country is in the mainstream of the changes taking place in developed economies. However, there are certain deviations in a number of indices demonstrating a demographic crisis that has not been overcome and tends to aggravate. The research makes it clear that the demographic situation in Russia has been gradually deteriorating alternating with short periods of improvement of demographic indicators. It has been established that the state demographic policy is the most important mechanism to combat the demographic crisis, providing other relevant conditions are observed. In furtherance of the above-mentioned, the Concept of the Demographic Policy developed under the Presidential Decree of May 2018 was examined. It is noted that based on political decisions, tools are being developed to mitigate the emerging threats to the national economic security. It is concluded that the importance of numerous measures taken periodically by the government including substantial financial injections to support fertility and overcome high mortality rates cannot be overestimated. Along with that, current demographic problems cannot be solved only by financial support of low-income families, hence a well-thoughtout system approach is required. Fragmentary measures to improve the demographic situation in the country can yield a temporary positive effect but are unable to change the situation totally.
Fertility in Real Generations of Russian Women: Trends and Regional Differences
Authors: Arkhangelskiy V. N. 
Published: April 2019

The subject of the research is fertility trends in real generations of women in Russia. The relevance of the research stems from the fact that the majority of works devoted to the analysis of the fertility trends and the possible impact of demographic policies thereon in Russia are based on the use of calendar birth rates (total, special, age, total coefficient, etc.) subject to timing fluctuations, e.g. earlier childbirth due to favorable circumstances. The influence of this factor can be bypassed by using birth rates for real generations. The purpose of the paper was to analyze the dynamics of generational changes in birth rates and their regional differences. The results of the analysis showed that after a significant reduction in the average number of children born in the generations of women of the 1960s — early 1970s, the value slightly increased for women of the mid- and late 1970s. and would probably be somewhat higher for women born in the 1980s. The proportion of women who gave birth to at least one child is decreasing hampering the increase in the average number of children born in real generations. On the contrary, an increase in the proportion of women who gave birth to the second and third child contributes to this increase. While the share of those who gave birth to the second child among women who gave birth to the first child in the generations of the late 1970s, despite a significant increase, is lower than among women of the mid‑1950s, the proportion of those who gave birth to the third child among women who gave birth to the second child, is higher than in older generations. The increase in the proportion of women in the generations of the late 1970s who gave birth to the second and third children is to some extent due to more active measures for supporting families with children that are largely focused on supporting second and subsequent births of children. If the implementation of measures for supporting families with children in the 1980s helped to smooth out the difference in the average age of the mother who gave birth to the second and first child from 4.53 years in the generation of women born in 1950 up to 3.31 years in the generation of 1963, then in younger women the difference tended to increase and now it is the maximum for women of 1975. (5.91 years). It is concluded that the policy of encouraging child bearing needs to be continued.