bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Progesterone Receptor Attenuates STAT1-Mediated IFN Signaling in Breast Cancer
Authors: Goodman Merit L. , Trinca Gloria M. , Walter Katherine R. , Papachristou Evangelia K. , D’Santos Clive S. , Li Tianbao , Liu Qi , Lai Zhao , Chalise Prabhakar , Madan Rashna , Fan Fang , Markiewicz Mary A. , Jin Victor X. , Carroll Jason S. , Hagan Christy R. 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Why some tumors remain indolent and others progress to clinical relevance remains a major unanswered question in cancer biology. IFN signaling in nascent tumors, mediated by STAT1, is a critical step through which the surveilling immune system can recognize and destroy developing tumors. In this study, we have identified an interaction between the progesterone receptor (PR) and STAT1 in breast cancer cells. This interaction inhibited efficient IFN-induced STAT1 phosphorylation, as we observed a decrease in phospho-STAT1 in response to IFN treatment in PR-positive breast cancer cell lines. This phenotype was further potentiated in the presence of PR ligand. In human breast cancer samples, PR-positive tumors exhibited lower levels of phospho-STAT1 as compared with their PR-negative counterparts, indicating that this phenotype translates to human tumors. Breast cancer cells lacking PR exhibited higher levels of IFN-stimulated gene (ISG) RNA, the transcriptional end point of IFN activation, indicating that unliganded PR alone could decrease transcription of ISGs. Moreover, the absence of PR led to increased recruitment of STAT1, STAT2, and IRF9 (key transcription factors necessary for ISG transcription) to ISG promoters. These data indicate that PR, both in the presence and absence of ligand, attenuates IFN-induced STAT1 signaling, culminating in significantly abrogated activation of genes transcribed in response to IFNs. PR-positive tumors may use downregulation of STAT1-mediated IFN signaling to escape immune surveillance, leading to the development of clinically relevant tumors. Selective immune evasion of PR-positive tumors may be one explanation as to why over 65% of breast cancers are PR positive at the time of diagnosis.
Upstream Position of Proline Defines Peptide–HLA Class I Repertoire Formation and CD8+ T Cell Responses
Authors: Hongo Ayumi , Kanaseki Takayuki , Tokita Serina , Kochin Vitaly , Miyamoto Sho , Hashino Yuiko , Codd Amy , Kawai Noriko , Nakatsugawa Munehide , Hirohashi Yoshihiko , Sato Noriyuki , Torigoe Toshihiko 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Cytotoxic CD8+ T lymphocytes (CTLs) recognize peptides displayed by HLA class I molecules on cell surfaces, monitoring pathological conditions such as cancer. Difficulty in predicting HLA class I ligands is attributed to the complexity of the Ag processing pathway across the cytosol and the endoplasmic reticulum. By means of HLA ligandome analysis using mass spectrometry, we collected natural HLA class I ligands on a large scale and analyzed the source-protein sequences flanking the ligands. This comprehensive analysis revealed that the frequency of proline at amino acid positions 1–3 upstream of the ligands was selectively decreased. The depleted proline signature was the strongest among all the upstream and downstream profiles. Experiments using live cells demonstrated that the presence of proline at upstream positions 1–3 attenuated CTL responses against a model epitope. Other experiments, in which N-terminal–flanking Ag precursors were confined in the endoplasmic reticulum, demonstrated an inability to remove upstream prolines regardless of their positions, suggesting a need for synergistic action across cellular compartments for making the proline signature. Our results highlight, to our knowledge, a unique role and position of proline for inhibiting downstream epitope presentation, which provides a rule for defining natural peptide–HLA class I repertoire formation and CTL responses.
Longitudinal Assessment of Balance and Gait After Concussion and Return to Play in Collegiate Athletes
Authors: Parrington Lucy , Fino Peter C. , Swanson Clayton W. , Murchison Charles F. , Chesnutt James , King Laurie A. 
Published: April 2019

Context
In longitudinal studies tracking recovery after concussion, researchers often have not considered the timing of return to play (RTP) as a factor in their designs, which can limit the understanding of how RTP may affect the analysis and resulting conclusions.

Objective
To evaluate the recovery of balance and gait in concussed athletes using a novel linear mixed-model design that allows an inflection point to account for changes in trend that may occur after RTP.

Design
Cohort study.

Setting
University athletics departments, applied field setting.

Patients or Other Participants
Twenty-three concussed (5 women, 18 men; age = 20.1 ± 1.3 years) and 25 healthy control (6 women, 19 men; age = 20.9 ± 1.4 years) participants were studied. Participants were referred by their team athletic trainers.

Main Outcome Measure(s)
Measures consisted of the Balance Error Scoring System (BESS) total score, sway (instrumented root mean square of mediolateral sway), single-task gait speed, gait speed while simultaneously reading a handheld article (dual-task gait speed), dual-task cost of reading on gait speed, and dual-task cost of walking on reading.

Results
We observed no significant effects or interactions for the BESS. Instrumented sway was worse in concussed participants, and a change in the recovery trend occurred after RTP. We observed group and time effects and group × time and group × RTP change interactions (P ≤ .046). No initial between-groups differences were found for single-task or dual-task gait. Both groups increased gait speed initially and then leveled off after the average RTP date. We noted time and RTP change effects and positive group × time interactions for both conditions (P ≤ .042) and a group × RTP change interaction for single-task gait speed (P = .005). No significant effects or interactions were present for the dual-task cost of reading on gait speed or the dual-task cost of walking on reading.

Conclusions
Changes in the rate of recovery were coincident with the timing of RTP. Although we cannot suggest these changes were a result of the athletes returning to play, these findings demonstrate the need for further research to evaluate the effects of RTP on concussion recovery.
Radiograph Reject Analysis in a Large Tertiary Care Hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alyousef Khalid A. , Alkahtani Shatha , Alessa Raghad , Alruweili Hajar 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Background: Analysis of rejected radiographs is an important quality indicator of any radiology department. At King Abdulaziz Medical City (KAMC), about 185,000 radiographs are performed annually. Methods: The rejected radiographs over a period of 5 years were analyzed using a dedicated electronic rejection system. The rejection is performed by a certified radiologist and communicated electronically to the concerned technologist. Results: A total of 455 rejected radiographs were reviewed and analyzed. Of the reviewed rejected radiographs, 247 were adults (60%) whereas 166 were pediatrics (40%). In terms of sex, 231 (56%) of the rejected radiographs were for men and 182 (44%) were for women. The most common reason for rejection was labeling (22%), followed by procedure protocol (20%). Other reasons included positioning (14%), processing (14%), artifacts (13%), wrong documentation (9%), and exposure error (6%). The rejection due to exposure error was very low (6%) owing to the utilization of digital systems that offer a wide exposure latitude. Reported data at hospitals that use analog systems show up to 67% of rejections were due to exposure error. In terms of body parts, the highest rejection was for extremities (43%) followed by chest (31%). The remaining rejected radiographs includes abdomen (9%), spine (8%), pelvis (5%), and head and neck (4%).Conclusion: The outcome of this study can be used to set up training programs to improve radiological services and reduce the unnecessary radiation exposure to the patients.
World Christianity: An Agenda for the Twenty-First Century
Authors: Olúpònà Jacob Kéhìndé 
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACT
The following are some of the questions that this keynote address explores: What is world Christianity? How does it differ, if at all, from global Christianity? What are the sources for the study of world Christianity? What are the methodological and theoretical issues and challenges in the study of world Christianity? What is the correlation between world Christianity and transnationalism? How has the formation of world Christianity been impacted by precolonial, colonial, and postcolonial experiences? To what extent is the ascendency of populism in the Global North (e.g., Trumpism) a response/reaction to the decline of Christianity? How has world Christianity been impacted by the encounter with other faith traditions (e.g., Islam) or ideologies (e.g., communism and secularism)? How have power dynamics influenced the formation of world Christianity? What are some of the regional differences in world Christianity with respect to Africa, Asia, Latin America, the Middle East, and elsewhere?
De platformeconomie en het ondernemingsrecht: time for change?
Authors: Kemp B. , Renshof A.S. 
Published: April 2019

De platformeconomie en het ondernemingsrecht: time for change?
In tegenstelling tot traditionele ondernemingen hebben platformondernemingen doorgaans minder werknemers en activa. Dit kan leiden tot een zekere schreefgroei bij het gebruik van ondernemingsrechtelijke ‘drempels’, zoals bij het structuurregime, artikel 2:107a BW en de vrijstellingen voor de jaarrekening. In deze column wordt ingegaan op de consequenties en houdbaarheid van deze drempels.
De mislukte unificatie van Unilever
Authors: Abma R. 
Published: April 2019

De mislukte unificatie van Unilever
Dit artikel beschrijft de belangrijkste redenen van de mislukte eenwordingsoperatie van Unilever in 2018. Een gebrekkige communicatie over de voor- en nadelen van de verschillende alternatieven voor de herziening van de vennootschappelijke structuur, een gebrek aan voorafgaande consultatie van de belangrijkste aandeelhouders en een onderschatting van de Brexit-sentimenten hebben het Unilever-bestuur waarschijnlijk de das omgedaan.
Ontslag van de bestuurder van de stichting door de rechter
Authors: Dumoulin-Siemens A.M. 
Published: April 2019

Ontslag van de bestuurder van de stichting door de rechter. Wie is de belanghebbende?
Wie wordt ontvankelijk verklaard in zijn verzoek tot ontslag van de stichtingsbestuurder? De auteur analyseert het nieuwste arrest van de Hoge Raad hierover. De conclusie luidt dat de Hoge Raad de bestendige jurisprudentie over de reikwijdte van het belanghebbendebegrip bevestigt en wellicht iets verruimt.
Firmes multinationales et droits syndicaux : la contribution des alliances syndicales internationales à l’effectivité des Accords-cadres internationaux
Authors: Hennebert Marc-Antonin , Lévesque Christian , Murray Gregor , Bourque Reynald 
Published: April 2019

Cet article s’intéresse à la contribution des alliances syndicales internationales (ASI) à l’effectivité des Accords-cadres internationaux (ACI), notamment à leur capacité à favoriser le processus de syndicalisation et de négociation de conventions collectives dans des pays où la législation nationale peine à assurer le respect de ces droits fondamentaux. Le contenu de ces accords, généralement le fruit d’une entente bilatérale entre la direction d’une multinationale et celle d’une Fédération syndicale internationale, repose habituellement sur certaines conventions de l’OIT dont celles relatives au droit d’association et à la liberté de recourir à la négociation collective.Comme les études sur cet objet de recherche se sont d’abord limitées à l’analyse de leur contenu et à leurs contributions potentielles à la régulation sociale des multinationales, cet article s’inscrit plutôt dans des recherches plus récentes qui se consacrent à l’analyse des conditions d’effectivité des ACI comme outil de protection des droits des travailleurs au plan local. Se basant sur une étude de cas longitudinale et sur un important corpus empirique récolté au fil de multiples enquêtes de terrain en Europe et en Amérique du Sud, cette recherche montre comment un tel accord a été mobilisé au sein d’une multinationale européenne du secteur de la distribution.Si, à bien des égards, les différents contextes nationaux au sein desquels l’ACI a été utilisé se voulaient plutôt défavorables à la mise en application d’un tel dispositif de régulation sociale, nos résultats montrent que les ASI peuvent favoriser la mise en oeuvre de tels accords. Ces ASI seront d’autant en mesure d’assurer l’effectivité des ACI lorsqu’elles parviennent à façonner préalablement des intérêts communs entre leurs membres par l’intermédiaire de la formulation d’un projet collectif, à structurer et mobiliser d’importantes ressources organisationnelles, à profiter de la synergie émergente des dynamiques d’échanges multiniveaux qui leur sont propres et, enfin, à combiner des approches de dialogue et de pressions sociales.
Going the Extra Mile: Managers and Supervisors as Moral Agents for Workers with Disability at Two Social Enterprises
Authors: Bartram Timothy , Cavanagh Jillian , Sim Stephen , Pariona-Cabrera Patricia , Meacham Hannah 
Published: April 2019

This study examines the ethical management of workers with disability (WWD) employed at two social enterprises in Australia. Viewed largely through the spectrum of institutionally-based conflict in the employment relationship, this research draws on a framework of situated moral agency (Wilcox, 2012) to establish the ways in which WWD are afforded opportunities to engage in work and how managers and supervisors practise situated moral agency at the workplace. A qualitative case study approach is used with 62 participants through semi-structured interviews and focus groups.
Key findings demonstrate supervisors constantly have to reshape and reinterpret human resource management (HRM) policies and practices to exercise and extend moral agency. This phenomenon suggests contradictions between moral agency and ethical management practice within current HRM regimes. The key message of the paper is that HRM does not always support the ethical management of WWD.
Consequently, we question the ethical nature of contemporary HRM policy and practice for WWD, and argue for further research to unpack ethical ways to more effectively support WWD in the workplace. For WWD to be included at work, achieve life skills and their goals, managers and supervisors need to engage with their moral agency. Finally, we draw implications for management and employment relations theory and practice.
Les référentiels de compétences comme outils de gestion : concilier les apports déterministes et constructivistes
Authors: Foucher Roland , Rhnima Aziz 
Published: April 2019

Les démarches relatives aux « compétences », qui marquent la gestion des ressources humaines (GRH) depuis quelques décennies, recourent à des référentiels servant à établir les compétences à maîtriser et déployer. Ces outils de gestion s’inscrivent dans un contexte organisationnel évolutif et interactif suscitant des interrogations, particulièrement sur la façon de les déployer afin qu’ils traduisent les compétences valorisées par les parties concernées et celles effectivement déployées.
Ce questionnement est à l’origine d’une recherche qualitative en deux étapes. La première, qui s’applique à des concepts liés à l’approche de la théorie ancrée, a permis de retracer cinq propositions qui proviennent d’écrits sur les outils de gestion et les référentiels de compétences : ces dernières font ressortir : 1-les limites d’une approche déterministe, 2-les interactions entre instruments et usagers, ainsi que 3- celles entre individus et travail effectué, 4-les appropriations sociopolitiques, psycho-cognitives et symboliques qu’elles suscitent, et 5- la pertinence de créer une rétroaction entre les expériences vécues et la révision des référentiels. En second lieu, l’analyse de différents courants de pensée appartenant à l’approche constructiviste a fourni un complément d’information pouvant servir d’assise aux mécanismes d’appropriation.
Le cadre de référence résultant de ces deux apports a été illustré, lors de la seconde étape de la recherche, par quatre cas prenant racine dans des apports théoriques pertinents, logiquement reliés à un des processus d’appropriation et basés sur une méthodologie reconnue. Ainsi, la recherche montre qu’une complémentarité fructueuse est possible entre les approches déterministes et constructivistes lorsque l’on considère les rapports entre compétences inscrites dans un référentiel, compétences déployées et exigences du travail.
La qualité d’emploi en France : cartographie et classification des professions d’exécution
Authors: Brolis Olivier , Devetter François-Xavier 
Published: April 2019

Cet article vise, en s’appuyant sur L’Enquête Conditions de travail (2013), à construire une typologie des professions relevant d’un statut « ouvrier » ou « employé » à partir du niveau et du type de qualité de l’emploi qu’elles induisent. Cette approche de la qualité d’emploi par les professions apparaît importante pour trois raisons complémentaires : d’abord, parce que la nature de la profession s’avère déterminante au-delà des caractéristiques des individus qui l’occupent pour expliquer les écarts en termes de qualité de l’emploi; ensuite, du fait de l’importance de la nature des professions dans la détermination des règles encadrant le travail; et, enfin, en raison du rôle joué par les politiques publiques dans le soutien de la qualité dans certaines professions.
Dans un premier temps, nous élaborons un faisceau de 15 indicateurs mesurant les différentes dimensions de la qualité d’emploi en combinant des variables relatives à la relation d’emploi (rémunération notamment), au niveau d’attractivité non matériel des tâches à effectuer (comme le degré d’autonomie ou nouer des rapports sociaux de qualité) ou, encore, les conditions de travail (notamment les contraintes liées au travail ou aux pénibilités vécues par les salariés comme les pénibilités physiques).
Dans un second temps, nous menons, sur la base de ces 15 indicateurs, une classification ascendante hiérarchique qui fait apparaître huit classes de professions. Les lignes de fracture qui les opposent, permettent ensuite d’établir une hiérarchisation partielle des professions en termes de qualité de l’emploi.
Enfin, nous précisons la composition de ces classes (professions concernées et caractéristiques sociodémographiques des individus) et soulignons une concentration de certains types de travailleurs au sein des professions de bonne ou de mauvaise qualité.
Dosimetric effect of body contour changes for prostate and head and neck volumetric modulated arc therapy plans
Authors: Sun Lingyue , Kirkby Charles , Smith Wendy 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBody contour changes are commonly seen in prostate and head and neck (H&N) patients undergoing volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) treatments, which may cause a discrepancy between the planned dose and the delivered dose. Dosimetrists, radiation oncologists or medical physicists sometimes are required to visually assess the dosimetric impact of body contour changes and make a judgment call on whether further re‐assessment of the plan is needed. However, an intuitive judgment cannot always be made in a timely manner due to the complexity of VMAT plans as well as the complicated forms of body contour changes. This study evaluated the dosimetric effect of body contour changes for prostate and H&N patients to help with clinical decision‐making. By analyzing the one‐dimensional spatial dose profiles from the original body and the body with different body contour deformations, rules of thumb for dose percentage change and isodose line shift due to body contour changes were ascertained. Moreover, based on dose distribution comparison using three‐dimensional gamma analysis, the response of the clinical prostate and H&N VMAT plans to body contour changes was assessed. Within center specific dose deviation tolerances, prostate patients who had less than 2 cm single side body contour change or less than 1 cm uniform body contour change were unlikely to need plan re‐assessment; H&N VMAT plans with less than 1 cm uniform body contour change or less than 1 cm shoulder superior–inferior positional change were also unlikely to trigger further evaluation. Dose percentage change and isodose line shift were considered independently from the problem of volume changes in this study, but clinically, both aspects must be considered.
Assessing Rheumatoid Arthritis Disease Activity With Patient‐Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Measures Using Digital Technology
Authors: Yun Huifeng , Nowell W. Benjamin , Curtis David , H. Willig James , Yang Shuo , Auriemma Matthew , Chen Lang , Filby Cooper , Curtis Jeffrey R. 
Published: March 2019

ObjectiveHealth information technology has enabled efficient measurement of patient‐reported outcomes (PROs). The National Institutes of Health Patient‐Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) is becoming more widely adopted for research and routine care, and some PROMIS instruments might be substituted for lengthier, legacy PRO instruments.MethodsFour PROMIS computer‐adaptive testing (CAT) instruments (pain interference, physical function, sleep disturbance, and fatigue) and the Routine Assessment of Patient Index Data 3 (RAPID3), along with pain intensity and patient global assessment score, were administered to participants in the ArthritisPower registry. The RAPID3 was predicted using different combinations of these variables to create a new score (CAT‐PROMIS RAPID3). Kappa statistics and Bland‐Altman 95% limits of agreement were used to measure agreement between the observed versus predicted RAPID3.ResultsA total of 6,154 eligible patients contributed 11,275 observations. The mean ± SD age was 52.7 ± 10.5 years, and 93% of patients were women. The median assessment times ranged from 29 seconds (PROMIS sleep disturbance) to 116 seconds (RAPID3). As single pairwise comparisons, the PROMIS CATs examined were modestly correlated (r approximately 0.4–0.7) to one other and RAPID3. Together with the pain intensity and patient global assessment, the PROMIS instruments explained a high fraction of total variance (R2 = 0.97) of the RAPID3 score. In the model with the highest agreement (κ = 0.93) between the observed RAPID3 and the CAT‐PROMIS predicted RAPID3, Bland‐Altman 95% limits of agreement showed minimal residual differences and no systematic biases.ConclusionThere was excellent agreement between the observed RAPID3 and predicted RAPID3 scores estimated using several PROMIS instruments. The Multidimensional Health Assessment Questionnaire and patient global assessment components of RAPID3 may be unnecessary if PROMIS scores are available.
Hydrogen Evolution and Oxidation: Mechanistic Studies and Material Advances
Authors: Tian Xiaoyu , Zhao Pengcheng , Sheng Wenchao 
Published: April 2019

AbstractElectrochemical energy storage and conversion through hydrogen is essential for a clean and sustainable energy system. Highly efficient hydrogen electrocatalysts play a key role in the electrochemical transformation reactions. A comprehensive understanding of the hydrogen reaction kinetics and mechanisms is critical for the catalyst design and development. Especially pH‐dependent hydrogen evolution and oxidation reaction (HER/HOR) kinetics receives increasing interest, and understanding its origin adds new knowledge to fundamental hydrogen electrocatalysis. Here, a detailed description of kinetic analysis and reaction mechanisms for HER/HOR, and a brief summary about recent development of highly efficient and cost‐effective hydrogen electrocatalysts are presented. Lastly, recent advances in the fundamental understanding of pH‐dependent hydrogen electrocatalysis are discussed.