bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Breaking the silence through MANTRA: Empowering Tamil MAN survivors of torture and rape
Authors: Fernandes Pearl , Aiello Yvette 
Published: December 2018

Introduction: The prevalence of sexual torture, including rape as a form of torture against men in the context of war and persecution, has been widespread throughout history and across cultures. Despite this, literature examining this highly complex and pervasive problem has only recently begun to emerge. This is partly a reflection of the taboo nature of the topic, which results in lack of disclosure, a poor understanding of the issue, and leads to gaps in effective therapeutic interventions. Objective: This paper aims to provide a reflective narrative on an intervention trialled at the NSW Service for the Treatment and Rehabilitation of Torture and Trauma Survivors (STARTTS). It outlines the therapeutic strategies that were integrated in culturally sensitive ways and the phases and themes that emerged as the men overcame their resistance to speak about their experiences of torture. Results: The combination of group and individual therapy that integrates exposure therapy in a culturally appropriate way can assist clients to revisit their traumatic experiences and ‘break their silence’ as they heal and recover. Conclusions: When male survivors of sexual torture share and verbalise their past horrors it assists them to make meaning and develop a new, broader perspective, on their experiences. Accompanied by a diminishing sense of shame, and “therapeutic activism” it instils hope and the motivation to assist others in crisis, particularly regarding the issue of male rape.
“We are the memory representation of our parents”: Intergenerational legacies of genocide among descendants of rape survivors in Rwanda
Authors: Kagoyire Marie Grâce , Richters Annemiek 
Published: December 2018

Introduction: The 1994 genocide against the Tutsi in Rwanda subjected thousands of women to rape as part of a range of other genocidal atrocities. This article explores what it means in everyday life to be a descendant of such mothers. Methods: A qualitative study was conducted in eastern Rwanda. The twelve respondents, all descendants of genocide-rape survivor mothers, participated in focus group discussions and semi-structured interviews. Topics focused on different aspects of the intergenerational transmission of trauma and the mitigation of this transmission by the psychosocial support from which their mothers benefited. The phenomenological method as developed by Giorgi (2012) was used to analyze the transcripts. Findings: All respondents, regardless of their birth circumstances, are marked by growing up with a severely traumatized mother. Children conceived during rape are specifically marked by the absence of a perpetrator father unknown to them, the others by the lack of many (extended) family members. They all benefited from the psychosocial support provided to their mothers. Discussion: Genocidal rape causes specific kinds of suffering and specific identity problems for the children born as a consequence of genocide-rape. However, even if the children were not conceived during the rape, their level of suffering is similar. Conclusion: The effects of the intergenerational transmission of trauma related to the 1994 genocide against the Tutsi in Rwanda should be recognized among all youth deeply affected by it. Appropriate policies and programs should be designed and implemented to moderate the effects and strengthen resilience to ensure a peaceful future on an individual, interpersonal, and inter-relational community levels.
Représentations professionnelles des enseignants d’éducation physique envers l’inclusion des élèves en situation de handicap
Authors: Tant Maxime , André Amaël , Watelain Éric 
Published: December 2018

Ce travail entreprend de recenser systématiquement puis d’analyser qualitativement l’ensemble des articles internationaux (en français et en anglais), publiés entre 1975 et 2015, relatifs aux représentations professionnelles des enseignants d’éducation physique sur la question vive qu’est l’inclusion des élèves en situation de handicap. Trente-cinq études ont été sélectionnées et réparties autour de trois thèmes associés aux représentations professionnelles des enseignants sous la forme d’obstacles à l’inclusion : 1) l’inadéquation entre les politiques inclusives et les programmes d’éducation physique, 2) la difficile collaboration entre les enseignants d’éducation physique et les partenaires de l’inclusion et 3) l’inadaptation de la formation initiale et continue des enseignants en éducation physique adaptée. Une des retombées de ce travail consiste à proposer des perspectives de formation pour les enseignants d’éducation physique afin de franchir ces obstacles.
Occurrence of metabolic risk in schoolchildren using a noninvasive indicator: waist and height ratio
Authors: Dias Arieli Fernandes , Brand Caroline , Lemes Vanilson Batista , Gaya Adroaldo Cezar Araujo , Gaya Anelise Reis 
Published: December 2018

Introduction: Metabolic disorders in childhood and adolescence have been increasing considerably. Thus, the importance of performing an early diagnosis is emphasized.
Objective: To analyse the occurrence of metabolic risk using a non-invasive marker in schoolchildren.
Methods: This is a descriptive study with a quantitative approach, with random sample of 174 schoolchildren (70 boys and 104 girls) from 10 state high schools in the city of Passo Fundo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The height (cm) was verified according to the procedures of the Brazilian Sport Project and the waist circumference (cm) was measured with a flexible and inelastic tape measure. From this the waist-to-height ratio was calculated, which takes into account the proportion of abdominal fat by the individual’s height, considering the cut-off point of Ashwell & Hsieh. For data analysis we used descriptive and chi-square statistics.
Results: The metabolic risk of schoolchildren was 13.8%, when stratified by sex, the occurrences were 11.4% for males and 15.4% for females, but there was no significant difference between the sexes (X2= 0.54; p= 0.45).
Conclusion: The use of non-invasive markers for the diagnosis of metabolic risk indicated a high occurrence of it in schoolchildren, with the girls presenting a higher risk. The use of this method is important because it allows the evaluation of a greater number of schoolchildren and the early identification of health risk. In addition to being a low-cost, easy-to-apply method.
Impact of untreated dental caries on oral health of adolescents from cities in the countryside of Rio Grande do Sul
Authors: Tibolla Paola , Rigo Lilian 
Published: December 2018

Introduction: Dental caries is a major public health problem around the world, because it can cause pain and suffering to individuals. Even with a decline in childhood disease in recent years, it is observed in many countries.
Objective: The objective of this research is to analyze the mean of dental caries and the prevalence of untreated caries and associated factors in students from the southern region of Brazil.
Methods: The approach of this study is quantitative, with a cross-sectional design. The research sample was composed of 77 adolescents from the state schools of the urban area of the municipalities of Ciríaco and David Canabarro, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. For the data collection, clinical exams were performed, using the DMFT index, and the application of two semistructured questionnaires to adolescents and their parents. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and inferential statistics to the Pearson chi-square test and ANOVA at a significance level of 5%.
Results: The prevalence of untreated dental caries in the final sample was 40.3% and the DMFT index (decayed, missing and filled teeth) 2.32, there was no statistical difference between cities. There was a statistically significant relationship between the variable toothache in the last six months and the outcome of untreated caries (p = 0.012) with 76% of those who had pain. There was also an association between the variable perception of the treatment at the last visit and untreated caries (p = 0.021), with 84.6% of adolescents considering poor / regular treatment.
Conclusion: Although the average dental caries has been low, many adolescents have decayed and untreated teeth, with toothache and lack of quality in dental treatment being the factors that most impacted.
Complex measurements of heart rate variability in obese youths: distinguishing autonomic dysfunction
Authors: Garner David M. , Vanderlei Franciele Marques , Vanderlei Luiz Carlos Marques 
Published: December 2018

Introduction: Heart rate variability (HRV) can be assessed from RR-intervals. These are derived from an electrocardiographic PQRST-signature and can deviate in a chaotic or irregular manner. In the past, techniques from statistical physics have allowed researchers to study such systems. Objective: This study planned to assess the heart rate dynamics in young obese subjects by nonlinear metrics to heart rate variability.
Methods: 86 subjects were split equally according to status. Heart rate was recorded with the subjects resting in a dorsal (prone) position for 30 minutes. The complexity of the RR-intervals was assessed by five Entropies, Detrended Fluctuation Analysis, Higuchi and Katz’s fractal dimensions Following inconclusive tests of normality we calculated the One-Way Analysis of Variance, Kruskal-Wallis, and the Effect Sizes by Cohen’s d significances.
Results: It was established that Shannon, Renyi and Tsallis Entropies and the Higuchi and Katz・s fractal dimensions could significantly discriminate the two groups. The three entropies were higher in obese youths, suggesting less predictable sets of RR intervals (p<0.0001; d≈1.0). Whilst the Higuchi (p<0.003; d≈0.76) and Katz・s (p≈0.02; d≈0.57) fractal dimensions were lower in obese youths.
Conclusion: As with chaotic globals an increase in response was detected by three measures of entropy in young obese. This is counter to the decreasing response detected by fractal dimensions. Chaotic globals and entropies are more dependable than fractal dimensions when assessing the responses to obesity.
Precisão de medidas de força muscular isométrica com dinamometria manual
Authors: Bertoni Mariana Barcellos Machado , Gomes Neto Mansueto 
Published: December 2018

<p><strong>Objetivo</strong>: Avaliar a precisão de medidas de força muscular isométrica máxima, realizadas através da dinamometria manual isométrica dos músculos responsáveis por movimentos do quadril. <strong>Metodologia:</strong> Foi realizado um teste de força da musculatura do quadril em 10 voluntários saudáveis. Todos eles realizaram três repetições de força isométrica máxima, com intervalo de 15 segundos entre elas. A análise dos dados foi feita através do Coeficiente de Correlação Intraclasse (CCI) <em>oneway</em>, tipo consistência. <strong>Resultados:</strong> O coeficiente de correlação intraclasse (CCI), para todos os grupos musculares, ficou acima de 0,9, o que significa resultados excelentes de concordância entre as medidas. <strong>Conclusão</strong>: Para o teste de dinamometria manual descrito, resultados similares foram encontrados entre a primeira, a segunda e a terceira medida realizada. Dessa forma, podemos dizer que o avaliador é capacitado para a realização dessa avaliação. Além disso, a presença de resultados consistentes em todas as três medidas significa que qualquer uma delas poderá ser utilizada para análises estatísticas posteriores.</p>
Análise qualitativa de conteúdo e estudo piloto da escala SOCRATES-SO
Authors: Suedan Renata Vieira , Velasquez Michella Lopes , Oliveira Irismar Reis de 
Published: December 2018

<p><strong>Objetivo</strong><em>:</em> apresentar os resultados da etapa inicial de adaptação da escala estágios de motivação para mudança e preparação no tratamento do sobrepeso e obesidade – SOCRATES SO. <strong>Metodologia:</strong> um grupo de juízes, composto por seis profissionais experientes, especialistas em suas respectivas áreas de atuação, realizou a análise da SOCRATES-SO para validação de conteúdo. Os juízes preencheram um protocolo de análise dos componentes do referido instrumento. Posteriormente, a versão final foi aplicada em uma amostra (n=17) de sujeitos com sobrepeso e obesidade. <strong>Resultados e discussão</strong>: Na validação de conteúdo, os componentes da escala obtiveram uma aprovação acima de 80% pelos juízes com o método de porcentagem de concordância, exceto no item 1. <strong>Conclusão</strong>: a SOCRATES-SO parece ter se mostrado um instrumento promissor para a avaliação da motivação para mudança no comportamento alimentar. No entanto, essa foi apenas a fase inicial de adaptação do instrumento. Ajustes, como a retirada de alguns itens, podem ser necessários para tornar esse teste mais homogêneo após a análise fatorial confirmatória.</p><p> </p>
Sympatric diploid and tetraploid cytotypes ofCentaurea stoebes.l. do not differ in arbuscular mycorrhizal communities and mycorrhizal growth response
Authors: Sudová Radka , Kohout Petr , Kolaříková Zuzana , Rydlová Jana , Voříšková Jana , Suda Jan , Španiel Stanislav , Müller‐Schärer Heinz , Mráz Patrik 
Published: December 2018

Premise of the StudyGenome duplication is associated with multiple changes at different levels, including interactions with pollinators and herbivores. Yet little is known whether polyploidy may also shape belowground interactions.MethodsTo elucidate potential ploidy‐specific interactions with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), we compared mycorrhizal colonization and assembly ofAMFcommunities in roots of diploid and tetraploidCentaurea stoebes.l. (Asteraceae) co‐occurring in a Central European population. In a follow‐up greenhouse experiment, we tested inter‐cytotype differences in mycorrhizal growth response by combining ploidy, substrate, and inoculation with nativeAMFin a full‐factorial design.Key ResultsAll sampled plants were highly colonized byAMF, with the Glomeraceae predominating.AMF‐community composition revealed by 454‐pyrosequencing reflected the spatial distribution of the hosts, but not their ploidy level or soil characteristics. In the greenhouse experiment, the tetraploids produced more shoot biomass than the diploids did when grown in a more fertile substrate, while no inter‐cytotype differences were found in a less fertile substrate.AMFinoculation significantly reduced plant growth and improved P uptake, but its effects did not differ between the cytotypes.ConclusionsThe results do not support our hypotheses that the cytotype structure in a mixed‐ploidy population ofC. stoebeis mirrored inAMF‐community composition and that ploidy‐specific fungal communities contribute to cytotype co‐existence. Causes and implications of the observed negative growth response toAMFare discussed.
Nucleus‐Targeted Organoiridium–Albumin Conjugate for Photodynamic Cancer Therapy
Authors: Zhang Pingyu , Huang Huaiyi , Banerjee Samya , Clarkson Guy J. , Ge Chen , Imberti Cinzia , Sadler Peter J. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAn organoiridium–albumin bioconjugate (Ir1‐HSA) was synthesized by reaction of a pendant maleimide ligand with human serum albumin. The phosphorescence of Ir1‐HSA was enhanced significantly compared to parent complex Ir1. The long phosphorescence lifetime and high 1O2 quantum yield of Ir1‐HSA are highly favorable properties for photodynamic therapy. Ir1‐HSA mainly accumulated in the nucleus of living cancer cells and showed remarkable photocytotoxicity against a range of cancer cell lines and tumor spheroids (light IC50; 0.8–5 μm, photo‐cytotoxicity index PI=40–60), while remaining non‐toxic to normal cells and normal cell spheroids, even after photo‐irradiation. This nucleus‐targeting organoiridium‐albumin is a strong candidate photosensitizer for anticancer photodynamic therapy.
Ulnar Artery Occlusion and Severity Markers of Vasculopathy in Systemic Sclerosis: A Multicenter Cross‐Sectional Study
Authors: Lescoat Alain , Yelnik Cécile Marie , Coiffier Guillaume , Wargny Matthieu , Lamotte Christophe , Cazalets Claire , Belhomme Nicolas , Ballerie Alice , Hatron Pierre‐Yves , Launay David , Perdriger Aleth , Sobanski Vincent , Hachulla Eric , Jégo Patrick 
Published: December 2018

ObjectiveTo evaluate the association of ulnar artery occlusion (UAO) assessed using Doppler ultrasound (DUS) with the severity markers of systemic sclerosis (SSc).MethodsTwo hundred four unselected patients fulfilling the American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism 2013 classification criteria for SSc were included in this cross‐sectional multicenter study. All patients underwent bilateral hand DUS to evaluate the presence of UAO and clinical/paraclinical visceral evaluation according to current guidelines. Univariable and multivariable ordinal regression models were applied, grading the severity of UAO as “no UAO,” “only one UAO,” and “UAO on both hands,” and assessing its association with clinical features of SSc. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated.ResultsUAO was found in 76 patients (37.3%) and was bilateral in 49 patients (24%). UAO as an ordinal event was significantly associated with disease duration, history of fingertip ulcers, telangiectasia, higher modified Rodnan skin thickness score (MRSS), worse diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLco) values, higher tricuspid jet velocity, late capillaroscopic pattern, and positivity for anticentromere antibodies (ACAs) (univariable analysis). In the adjusted multivariable ordinal model, UAO was less frequent in women (OR 0.35 [95% CI 0.15–0.83], P = 0.017) and in patients receiving steroids (OR 0.24 [95% CI 0.09–0.62], P = 0.0034). In multivariable analyses, significant association with UAO was retained for history of fingertip ulcers (OR 2.55 [95% CI 1.24–5.21], P = 0.011), higher MRSS (OR 1.65 [95% CI 1.06–2.56], P =0.025), lower DLco values (OR 0.85 [95% CI 0.78–0.94], P = 0.0015), and ACA positivity (OR 2.89 [95% CI 1.36–6.11], P = 0.0056).ConclusionUAO may represent a relevant severity marker of vasculopathy in SSc. Its predictive value for the onset of severe vascular manifestations such as pulmonary arterial hypertension, and its association with mortality, remain to be determined in longitudinal studies.
Cortical interlaminar astrocytes across the therian mammal radiation
Authors: Falcone Carmen , Wolf‐Ochoa Marisol , Amina Sarwat , Hong Tiffany , Vakilzadeh Gelareh , Hopkins William D. , Hof Patrick R. , Sherwood Chet C. , Manger Paul R. , Noctor Stephen C. , Martínez‐Cerdeño Verónica 
Published: December 2018

AbstractInterlaminar astrocytes (ILA) in the cerebral cortex possess a soma in layer I and extend an interlaminar process that runs perpendicular to the pia into deeper cortical layers. We examined cerebral cortex from 46 species that encompassed most orders of therian mammalians, including 22 primate species. We described two distinct cell types with interlaminar processes that have been referred to as ILA, that we termed pial ILA and supial ILA. ILA subtypes differ in somatic morphology, position in layer I, and presence across species. We further described rudimentary ILA that have short GFAP+ processes that do not exit layer I, and “typical” ILA with longer GFAP+ processes that exit layer I. Pial ILA were present in all mammalian species analyzed, with typical ILA observed in Primates, Scandentia, Chiroptera, Carnivora, Artiodactyla, Hyracoidea, and Proboscidea. Subpial ILA were absent in Marsupialia, and typical subpial ILA were only found in Primate. We focused on the properties of pial ILA by investigating the molecular properties of pial ILA and confirming their astrocytic nature. We found that while the density of pial ILA somata only varied slightly, the complexity of ILA processes varied greatly across species. Primates, specifically bonobo, chimpanzee, orangutan, and human, exhibited pial ILA with the highest complexity. We showed that interlaminar processes contact neurons, pia, and capillaries, suggesting a potential role for ILA in the blood–brain barrier and facilitating communication among cortical neurons, astrocytes, capillaries, meninges, and cerebrospinal fluid.
Hypoxia‐induced endothelial cell responses – possible roles during periodontal disease
Authors: Mendes Reila T. , Nguyen Daniel , Stephens Danielle , Pamuk Ferda , Fernandes Daniel , Hasturk Hatice , Van Dyke Thomas E. , Kantarci Alpdogan 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBackground and objective Inflammatory periodontal pockets are known to be hypoxic. Hypoxia influences vascular response to periodontal inflammation, including angiogenesis, which is critical for oxygen and nutrient delivery to periodontal tissues and granulation tissue formation. Our previous work suggests that periodontal bacteria may actively contribute to pocket hypoxia. Herein, we test the hypothesis that Fusobacterium nucleatum actively induces low oxygen tension, which modulates angiogenesis and endothelial cell activity. HUVEC cells were incubated in 1.5% oxygen for (Folkman & Shing, 1992)48 hours. Cell proliferation was measured by MTT; surface expression of CD31, CD34 and VEGF receptors (VEGFR1, VEGFR2) were analyzed by FACS. mRNA expression of HIF isoforms, iNOS, eNOS, COX‐2, and VEGF was measured by quantitative PCR. Supernatants were analyzed for the release of IL‐1α, TNF‐α, and VEGF by ELISA or multiplex immunoassays and nitric oxide was measured by colorimetric assay. F. nucleatum actively depleted oxygen. Hypoxia resulted in a significant increase of HIF isoforms. iNOS was increased while nitric oxide was unchanged. VEGF release was increased at 4 hours followed by an increase in VEGFR1 at 12 hours, but not VEGFR2. CD31 expression was reduced and CD34 was increased after 48 hours (p < 0.05). IL‐1α and TNF‐α release were decreased at 4 hours (p < 0.05), but both increased by 24 hours; TNF‐α increased at 24 h. The data highlight the role of hypoxia in endothelial cell inflammatory changes. F. nucleatum, considered a bridging species in the development of periodontopathic biofilms induces hypoxia in the periodontium leading to angiogenic changes in periodontal disease pathogenesis.
Diagnostic leukapheresis for CTC analysis in breast cancer patients: CTC frequency, clinical experiences and recommendations for standardized reporting
Authors: Fehm Tanja N. , Meier‐Stiegen Franziska , Driemel Christiane , Jäger Bernadette , Reinhardt Florian , Naskou Johanna , Franken André , Neubauer Hans , Neves Rui P.L. , van Dalum Guus , Ruckhäberle Eugen , Niederacher Dieter , Rox Jutta M. , Fischer Johannes C. , Stoecklein Nikolas H. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractDiagnostic leukapheresis (DLA) is based on continuous centrifugation that collects mononuclear cells from peripheral blood with a density of 1.055–1.08 g/ml. As epithelial cells have a similar density, DLA cocollects circulating tumor cell (CTCs) along with the targeted mononuclear cells. Here, we report on our single center experience applying DLA in 40 nonmetastatic and metastatic breast cancer patients and its impact on CTC detection. We found that the use of just 5% of the DLA product (corresponding to a median peripheral blood volume of around 60 ml) in the CellSearch® assay already leads to a significant increase in CTC detection frequency and yield. The implementation of the method was unproblematic, and we did not observe any adverse events in our patient cohort. Extrapolating the CTC counts in the DLA samples to the whole DLA product indicated that enormous CTC numbers could be harvested by this approach (around 205x more CTCs than in the 7.5 ml blood sample in M1 patients). In conclusion, DLA is a clinically safe method to collect CTCs from liters of blood enabling a real liquid biopsy. Yet, further technical developments are required to process whole DLA products and exploit the full potential of this approach. As it is foreseeable that DLA will be used by several groups, and hopefully ultimately brought to the patients in a routine setting, we discuss recommendations on the minimum of required information for reporting on DLAs to allow comparison across different approaches. © 2018 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry