bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Frequency and Documentation of Medication Decisions on Discharge from the Hospital to Hospice Care
Authors: Kadoyama Kirsten L. , Noble Brie N. , Izumi Shigeko , Fromme Erik K. , Tjia Jennifer , McPherson Mary Lynn , Candrian Carey B. , McGregor Jessina C. , Ku In Young , Furuno Jon P. 
Published: March 2019

OBJECTIVESTo quantify the frequency and type of medication decisions on discharge from the hospital to hospice care.DESIGNRetrospective cohort study.SETTINGA 544‐bed academic tertiary care hospital in Portland, Oregon.PARTICIPANTSA total of 348 adult patients (age ≥18 y) discharged to hospice care between January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2016.MEASUREMENTSData were collected from an electronic repository of medical record data and a manual review of patients’ discharge summaries. Our outcomes of interest were the frequency and type of medication decisions documented in patients’ discharge summaries. Medication decisions were categorized as continuation, continuation but with changes in dose, route of administration, and/or frequency, discontinuation, and initiation of new medications. We also collected data on the frequency of patient/family in the participation of medication‐related decisions.RESULTSPatients were prescribed a mean of 7.1 medications (standard deviation [SD] = 4.8) on discharge to hospice care. The most prevalent medications prescribed on discharge were strong opioids (82.5%), anxiolytics/sedatives (62.9%), laxatives (57.5%), antiemetics (54.3%), and nonopioid analgesics (45.4%). However, only 67.8% (213/341) of patients who were prescribed an opioid on discharge to hospice care were also prescribed a laxative. Discharging providers made a mean of 15.0 decisions (SD = 7.2) per patient of which 28.5% were to continue medications without changes, 6.7% were to continue medications with changes, 30.3% were to initiate new medications, and 34.5% were to discontinue existing medications. Patients and/or family members were involved in medication decisions during 21.6% of discharges; patients were involved in 15.2% of decisions.CONCLUSIONPatients averaged more than 15 medication decisions on discharge to hospice care. However, it was rarely documented that patients and/or their families participated in these decisions. J Am Geriatr Soc, 2019.
Detection and seed transmission of Bermudagrass phytoplasma in maize in Turkey
Authors: Çağlar Behçet Kemal , Satar Serdar , Bertaccini Assunta , Elbeaino Toufic 
Published: March 2019

AbstractDuring 2017, maize cultivation areas in the provinces of Adana and Kahramanmaraş (Turkey) were surveyed to inspect maize plants with symptoms similar to those associated with of phytoplasma disease, that is, yellowing, short internodes and small corncobs. Thirty fields were inspected and two hundred samples from symptomatic and asymptomatic plants were collected, together with insects considered as potential vectors of phytoplasmas. All samples were assayed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and subsequently analysed by restriction fragment length polymorphism and sequencing to identify the phytoplasmas detected in the plant material and insects. Results of laboratory assays and phylogenetic analyses showed that the Bermudagrass white leaf phytoplasma ('Candidatus Phytoplasma cynodontis') was present in both maize plants and seeds, showing 99% sequence identity with other reported phytoplasma strains from GenBank, whereas no PCR amplifications were obtained from tested insects. The seeds of infected plants, sown in an insect‐proof screenhouse, produced plantlets that were found PCR‐positive for the Bermudagrass white leaf phytoplasma, indicating its seed transmission.
Literacy teaching in disadvantaged South African schools
Authors: Chetty Rajendra 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThis article analyses the experiences of teachers of literacy working in underprivileged communities in the Western Cape, South Africa. The purpose is to provide teachers in poorly resourced schools within economically deprived areas an opportunity to voice their experiences of teaching literacy. The article is based on an empirical study using interviews and classroom observation with a sample of 10 teachers. A descriptive account of the observation data was followed by an interpretive analysis. The content analysis of the interview data led to the development of themes and patterns for the discussion. The study reveals the social complexity of literacy education in a post‐apartheid and multilingual society and focuses on teachers in Grade 4 classrooms, which is the grade when learners switch from mother tongue (mainly isiXhosa and Afrikaans) to English as language of instruction. Key factors for literacy underachievement include lack of resources, parental support, lack of teacher knowledge, changes in the curriculum, absence of cognitive activities and the social complexity of poverty. The article recommends that a new model of literacy that challenges inequality and provides strategic and sustained teacher support in disadvantaged schools is crucial in a society emerging from oppression and racism.
Exclusive breast‐feeding and postnatal changes in blood sodium, ketone, and glucose levels
Authors: Futatani Takeshi , Ina Shihomi , Shimao Ayako , Higashiyama Hiroyuki , Fujita Shuhei , Igarashi Noboru , Hatasaki Kiyoshi 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackgroundBlood sodium and ketone are parameters of dehydration and fasting, respectively. Little is known, however, about the postnatal changes in these parameters in healthy, term, exclusively breast‐fed neonates.MethodsCapillary blood sodium, β‐hydroxybutyrate (β‐OHB), and glucose levels in 628 samples obtained from 392 healthy, term, exclusively breast‐fed neonates during the first 12–143 h of life were examined.ResultsBlood sodium and β‐OHB gradually increased and reached a peak at 48–59 h of life (mean blood sodium, 142.3 ± 2.8 mEq/L; mean blood sodium increase, 3.3 mEq/L; mean β‐OHB, 1.16 ± 0.46 mmol/L; mean β‐OHB increase, 0.65 mmol/L), and then gradually decreased and reached a nadir at 120–143 h of life. Blood glucose gradually decreased and reached a nadir at 48–59 h of life (mean, 62.4 ± 12.2 mg/dL; mean decrease, 4.7 mg/dL), and then gradually increased and peaked at 120–143 h of life. These changes were synchronized with changes in weight‐loss percentage.ConclusionsThe postnatal changes in blood sodium, ketone, and glucose levels during the first 12–143 h of life are described in healthy, term, exclusively breast‐fed neonates. The parameters seemed to be associated with the sufficiency of the breast‐milk supply. These results can serve as normal reference values for healthy, term, exclusively breast‐fed neonates during the early postnatal period.
Histopathological findings in the early diagnosis of granulosa cell tumour in bitches
Authors: Matos Ana Carina Heil da Silva , Leite Juliana da Silva , Consalter Angélica , de Mello Marcela Freire Vallim , de Lourdes Gonçalves Ferreira Maria , Fosenca Ana Beatriz Monteiro , Ferreira Ana Maria Reis 
Published: March 2019

ContentsGranulosa cell tumour (GCT) is a majorly observed ovarian tumour in female dogs. It is essential to diagnose GCT in its initial phase before any symptoms occur, as histological and physiological differences may be observed based on the evolution of this neoplasia. This study aimed to analyse the anatomic histopathology of GCT in its initial stage, with findings of ovaries not yet with the suspicion of neoplasms in the Canis familiaris. A sample including 55 ovaries presented GCT in 40 female dogs. The histopathological analysis was performed considering the intensity of pleomorphism, vascularization and inflammatory infiltrate. Furthermore, we evaluated the mitoses count in 10 fields using 40× magnification. Out of the 40 animals evaluated, 62.5% (25/40) presented the tumour in only one ovary. The Call‐Exner corpuscle was present in 65% (26/40) of the cases. The follicular histological pattern was present in 52.5% (21/40) of the animals. The presence of the Call‐Exner bodies and the degree of tumour cell pleomorphism (p = 0.033) were associated. Moreover, the degree of vascularization and the intensity of the inflammatory infiltrate were also related (p = 0.001). In addition, there was a positive relationship between the increase in pleomorphism and the mean age of the animals (p = 0.044). This study confirmed that the appearance of this tumour may precede any clinical symptomatology. In this study, the most frequent histopathological pattern was the follicular. The characteristics of the granulosa cell tumour diagnosed early were poorly pleomorphic cells, low mitotic index and presence of Call‐Exner body.
Flow Fragmentalism
Authors: Torrengo Giuliano , Iaquinto Samuele 
Published: March 2019

AbstractIn this article, we articulate a version of non‐standard A‐theory – which we callFlow Fragmentalism– in relation to its take on the issue of supervenience of truth on being. According to the Truth Supervenes on Being (TSB) Principle, the truth of past‐ and future‐tensed propositions supervenes, respectively, on past and future facts. Since the standard presentist denies the existence of past and future entities and facts concerning them that do not obtain in the present, she seems to lack the resources to accept both past and future‐tensed truths and the TSB Principle. Contrariwise, positions in the philosophy of time that accept an eternalist ontology (e.g., B‐theory, moving spotlight, and Fine's and Lipman's versions of fragmentalism) allow for a “direct” supervenience base for past‐ and future‐tensed truths. We argue that Flow Fragmentalism constitutes a middle ground, which retains most of the advantages of both views, and allows us to articulate a novel account of the passage of time.
Corporate Sponsorship in Campus Recreation
Authors: Scott David K. , Veltri Frank R. , Wallace Brad 
Published: March 2019

This paper examines corporate sponsorship as an additional source of funding for college recreational facilities and programs. The purpose of the study was to: (a) examine current sources of funding for campus recreation, (b) estimate the percentage of institutions currently involved with corporate sponsorship in their campus recreation programs, (c) identify the types of businesses sponsoring campus recreation centers as well as what these companies receive in return for their sponsorship, and (d) identify the reasons various institutions give for their lack of involvement with sponsorship. Questionnaires were mailed to campus recreation directors at 140 randomly selected universities representing four regions of the United States. Results indicated that primary sources of funding for campus recreation programs currently include student fees (63.5 percent), private donations (23.5 percent), and state funding (13 percent). The use of corporate sponsorship to supplement funding was indicated by 46 percent of responding institutions. The most common types of businesses currently sponsoring campus recreation programs included athletic equipment/apparel, soft drink, insurance companies and restaurants. Slightly over half of the companies identified in the sponsorships were national chain corporations, while almost 40 percent were local businesses. In regard to what sponsoring companies received in exchange, results of the study indicated that use of company names in recreation center literature was most common. In addition, 20 percent of respondents reported that sponsoring corporations were given advertising space on the recreation center website. The two primary reasons given by campus recreation directors for lack of involvement with sponsorship were: (a) institutional policy prohibiting sponsorship involvement, and (b) uncertainty of how to pursue sponsorships. There are several implications of the study for campus recreation directors. These include the following: 1. Corporate sponsorship represents a significant opportunity for obtaining additional funding for campus recreation. 2. Knowing the types of companies currently involved in campus recreation sponsorship provide a starting place for those recreation directors who are exploring sponsorship as a source of funding. 3. Recreation center directors should closely examine what sponsors are currently receiving, or will receive in exchange, so that the sponsorship is not perceived as purely philanthropic.
Student Learning and Growth Resulting from Service as an Intramural Official
Authors: Schuh John H. 
Published: March 2019

Service as an intramural official is a common experience for many college students. This kind of experience is thought to contribute to the growth and development of college students since it involves them in a meaningful way in the life of the campus. Such involvement frequently is advocated in the literature as a means of providing for a more robust student experience, thereby improving persistence and retention for students as well as adding a richness to their experience. This study was undertaken to determine if service as an intramural official contributed to student growth and development. To date, research on this topic appears to be nonexistent. A qualitative study involving four sites was undertaken to learn more about how intramural officials evaluated their experiences. The sites included Drake University, Grinnel College, Iowa State University and the University of Iowa. Student officials were interviewed at each site. A draft report was prepared, then reviewed by individuals who worked with the intramural programs at these institutions. After the reaction, a final report was prepared. The students found their experiences to be very important in their growth and development. While typically they began their work as officials for economic reasons or to stay close to sports, they reported that they developed a variety of skills from this experience, including improving their communication skills, becoming more self-confident and self-reliant, working better as a member of a team, and understanding how to handle difficult situations more effectively. For some, they decided to pursue officiating after graduation from college, either on a part-time basis or, in a few cases, in professional sports. While the results of qualitative studies generally are not transferable, the implications of this study for intramural supervisors are powerful. Experience as an intramural official, as famed by this study, can be used as a recruitment tool in the future since the experience appears to be so positive. This study also can be used to demonstrate how intramural sports programs contribute to the educational mission of the campus.
Assessment of Programs and Services
Authors: Miller Gary L. , Bullock Cheryl Davis , Clements Jesse A. , Basi Mindy Miron 
Published: March 2019

Accountability in higher education is no longer something that is merely addressed with some cursory effort. Justifying the worth of your program is not just a requirement dictated by upper level administration, but rather it is a question of the long-term survival of your organization. This article explains the motivation for the University of Illinois (UIUC) Division of Campus Recreation (DCR) to conduct an organization-wide assessment of the programs of services offered to the students, faculty, and staff at the University. The material explains the development of the three overriding questions the Division felt critical to maintaining a good marketing position with regard to both internal and external competitors. The three assessment methods used in this study were professional/student staff interviews, focus groups and a survey. The results of the data gathered are presented in ten figures. Four summary statements can be made concerning the results: (1) The DCR is considered to be a vital and important of the UIUC campus; (2) No group is clearly under-served by the DCR; (3) The overall image of the DCR is driven by the Intramural-Physical Education Building while other facilities are virtually unknown; and (4) The average user considers the time spent utilizing the DCR programs and services to be a positive force in both their work and academic production.
Employee-Selection Practices and Public Relations
Authors: Boucher Robert L. , Morese Kevin , Chant Patricia L 
Published: March 2019

The recruitment and selection of employees is an important human resource component of the management of intramural recreation departments across North America. While much is written about the mechanics of the hiring process, little attention has been paid to the public relations aspects of this activity. As Currie (1997) suggests, the employee-selection process has the potential to create favorable impressions of an organization on job applicants. This article explores a number of activities that are usually part of hiring of new employees with a view to determining the negative or positive outcomes from a public relations standpoint. The “recruitment phase” of the process is extremely important when leaving applicants with a favorable impression of an organization. Keep in mind that numerous individuals who do not ultimately secure a position, are subject to forming impressions by being exposed to advertisements, job descriptions, Websites and various other forms of communication. The second important phase of hiring that has potential for the creation of impressions is the “interview process.” While the interview is the most widely employed yet least understood, techniques used in the hiring process (Boucher, 1991), there is no question that indelible impressions are formed during this phase. Both employer and candidates for positions invariably “exchange impressions” during an interview to the extent that initial (and in some cases lasting) attitudes are formed. It is also apparent from the literature that “extra-viewing” techniques such as panel interviews, drug testing, and personality tests, often are viewed as demeaning by applicants. The last, but certainly no less important, area of concern is the “post-selection” activities. Several authors cite a number of practices that treat unsuccessful candidates very disrespectfully. A more enlightened approach would be to treat unsuccessful candidates as potential hires in subsequent job searches. Even if these individuals never apply for positions in the future, the objective should be to have them treated with the utmost attention to human dignity. As such, countless individuals who apply for positions within organizations will form positive impressions of that organization consistent with comprehensive public relations policies. The hiring process should be considered as just one of the efforts of creating, communicating, enhancing, and maintaining a corporate image that is critical to an organization's success (Brendsel, 1993).
The Importance of History for Recreational Sports
Authors: Milton Paul Rohe 
Published: March 2019

Beginning with this issue, the NIRSA Historical Committee will be bringing you articles periodically that we feel have historical significance for the members of this organization. While this initial article covers the significance of the study of history, most will deal with an aspect of our association's/profession's growth or a current issue and the impact that history may have upon it. We hope that you will both enjoy and learn from these articles. Historical Committee
Influence of Ge-doping on the structural and magnetic properties of Nd 6Fe13Pd1−xGex compounds
Authors: Yuan J. F. , Wu X. F. , Du Y. S. , Cheng G. , Ma L. , Wang J. , Xia Z. C. , Rao G. H. 
Published: March 2019

In this paper, we report the structural, magnetic, and magnetocaloric properties of Ge-doped [Formula: see text] (x = 0.1, 0.2) compounds. Rietveld refinement of X-ray powder diffraction shows that all the investigated samples are single phase and crystallize in a tetragonal [Formula: see text]-type structure with the space group [Formula: see text]/mcm. The magnetic properties of the intermetallic [Formula: see text] compounds have been investigated by the physical property measurement system (PPMS). The magnetic transition temperatures [Formula: see text] from the ferromagnetic (FM) to the antiferromagnetic (AFM) states are determined to be 123 and 111 K for x = 0.1, 0.2, respectively, which shifted to lower temperatures compared with the [Formula: see text] compound. For a field change of 5 T, the peak values of [Formula: see text] for the [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] compounds are estimated to be 3.73 and [Formula: see text] with the corresponding refrigeration capability (RC) values of 271.7 and [Formula: see text], respectively.
COSTS AND BENEFITS OF CLIMATE CHANGE IN SWITZERLAND
Authors: VÖHRINGER FRANK , VIELLE MARC , THALMANN PHILIPPE , FREHNER ANITA , KNOKE WOLFGANG , STOCKER DARIO , THURM BORIS 
Published: March 2019

Understanding the economic magnitude of climate change (CC) impacts is a prerequisite for developing adequate adaptation strategies. In Switzerland, despite new climate scenarios and impact studies, only few impacts have been monetized. Our objective is to assess costs and opportunities of CC for Switzerland by 2060, while enhancing the assessment methods. Using inputs from bottom-up impact studies, we simulate the economic consequences of climate scenarios in a computable general equilibrium (CGE) framework. We cover health, buildings/infrastructure, energy, water, agriculture, tourism, the spill-overs to other sectors, and international effects. Due to data constraints, significant impacts have not been quantified, e.g., for heat waves and droughts more extreme than the 2060 average climate. For the considered impacts, welfare decreases by 0.37% to 1.37% in 2060 relative to a reference without CC. Higher summer temperatures increase mortality and decrease productivity. Contrariwise, tourism benefits from extended summer seasons. Regarding energy, increased demand for cooling is overcompensated by savings in heating.