bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nẹw Analytic Volume Formulas and Automatic Checks for Earthworks
Authors: Sanyaolu A. 
Published: July 2019

This paper on volume of earthworks eases (1) the computational aspect of volume determination from cross sections and from contours (the field aspect remains the same) and (2) both the field work and the computational processes in volume determination from spot heights. In the former case, the prismoidal correction and the mid-area assumption, or Simpson’s Rule, are eliminated, and the digressive process of interpolating a mid-contour line when the given number of contour lines is even is eliminated. In the latter case, formulas that eliminate the digressive process of gridding are provided. Another feature of this work is that the new formulas proposed have counterparts, which enables the speedy check of earthworks volume computations, a merit lacking in the traditional methods.
Adjustment of Inertial Survey System Errors
Authors: Ball William E. , Voorhees G. Donald 
Published: July 2019

Based upon analyses of Inertial Survey System (ISS), test data equations have been derived that will accurately reproduce the error distribution characteristics of an Inertial Survey System in a traverse mode of operation. Because the resulting equations frequently cannot be evaluated using information commonly available in the field, practicable operational restrictions have been applied that will minimize the most significant sources of error; simplified error distribution equations have been developed, that can be solved using information typically available that will accurately reproduce system errors when operational restrictions are imposed. In practice the unknown coefficients in the error distribution equations are evaluated using errors measured at points having known coordinates that are included within the traverse. The equations are then applied to correct position coordinate errors at other points located elsewhere within the traverse.
Photogrammetric Application of Skylab Photography
Authors: Derenyi Eugene E. , MacRitchie Stuart C. 
Published: July 2019

Investigations at the University of New Brunswick into the feasibility of using Skylab/EREP S190-A and S190-B imagery in photo control extension for small-scale mapping are reviewed. Single-image and multiple-image processing are discussed and it is shown that simple space resection procedures give results compatible with more sophisticated aerial triangulation procedures, i.e., Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) values of approximately 60 m to 70 m in X and Y for S190-A photography and 20 m in X and Y for S190-B photography. The results of this study, and those from previous investigations, are used as a basis for recommendations pertinent to future space photography missions and, in particular, the expected performance of the Large Format Camera (LFC), proposed for use in the space shuttle missions of the early 1980s, is reviewed.
The Electronic Chart
Authors: Eaton R. M. , Anderson N. M. , Evangelatos T. V. 
Published: July 2019

The Canadian Hydrographic Service began its involvement in collecting and processing digital hydrographic data in the late 1960s. During the intervening years the Service has been actively involved in the development, testing and implementation of digital data acquisition systems for the recording and processing of hydrographic data and the processing of digital data in the chart production process. So far the orientation of the overall process has remained toward the eventual production of the conventional nautical chart. The value of the digital data itself for the maintenance of the charts and possibly its eventual use on the bridge was of course recognized. Today the technological push is toward the increase of microprocessor technology in the instrumentation packages. Electronic positioning systems facilitate computer processing for real-time navigation information. Display technology, particularly video displays now make possible the graphic presentation of data stored within a digital database. Coincidentally marine traffic is increasing and the costs of marine disasters are escalating. Therefore it is reasonable to assume that there will be a demand to integrate positioning and collision avoidance radars with navigational information contained on the nautical chart. This paper will review this technology and consider the future role of information contained on the nautical chart as it will be used in the electronic systems on the bridge.
Central elements of the Jennings basis and certain Morita invariants
Authors: Sakurai Taro 
Published: July 2019

From Morita theoretic viewpoint, computing Morita invariants is important. We prove that the intersection of the center and the [Formula: see text]th (right) socle [Formula: see text] of a finite-dimensional algebra [Formula: see text] is a Morita invariant; this is a generalization of important Morita invariants — the center [Formula: see text] and the Reynolds ideal [Formula: see text]. As an example, we also studied [Formula: see text] for the group algebra FG of a finite [Formula: see text]-group [Formula: see text] over a field [Formula: see text] of positive characteristic [Formula: see text]. Such an algebra has a basis along the socle filtration, known as the Jennings basis. We prove certain elements of the Jennings basis are central and hence form a linearly independent subset of [Formula: see text]. In fact, such elements form a basis of [Formula: see text] for every integer [Formula: see text] if [Formula: see text] is powerful. As a corollary we have [Formula: see text] if [Formula: see text] is powerful.
Protective effect and mechanisms of ginsenoside Rg1 against MDA-suppressed proliferation in mesenchymal stem cells derived from murine bone marrow
Authors: Li Ye , Ma Cheng , Lv Zhe , Shao Chang-Feng , Zhang Jun , Geng Wenye , Zheng Lan 
Published: July 2019

Objective: The present study was designed to investigate the cytoprotective effects of ginsenoside Rg1 (GS-Rg1) against malondialdehyde (MDA)-suppressed proliferation of the mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and its possible mechanisms in vitro. Methods: Murine bone marrow-derived MSCs were treated with GS-Rg1 (10, 50, 100[Formula: see text]mg/L) for 24[Formula: see text]h before being incubated with MDA in vitro, CFU-Fassay, the cell viability and BrdU incorporation assay were examined, the expression of cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2), p21 and cyclin E of MSC were examined by Q-RT-PCR and Western blotting. Results: The results showed that the number and size of murine bone marrow MSC colonies, the number of colony-forming cells, methyl thiazolyltetrazolium (MTT) absorbed value greatly and percentage of BrdU-positive cells increased significantly in MSC pretreated with GS-Rg1. GS-Rgl pretreatment markedly decreased the expression level of p21 and increased the expression of CDK2 and cyclin E. GS-Rg1 protects MSCs from MDA-suppressed proliferation. Conclusion: The protective mechanism could be related to its ability to increase the expression of CDK2 and cyclin E, and to reduce the expression of p21.
Sex does not influence impairments in popliteal endothelial-dependent vasodilator or vasoconstrictor responses following prolonged sitting
Authors: O’Brien Myles W. , Johns Jarrett A. , Williams Tanner D. , Kimmerly Derek S. 
Published: July 2019

An acute bout of prolonged sitting (PS) impairs the popliteal artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD) response. Despite equivocal reductions in mean shear rate, young women demonstrate an attenuated decline in popliteal FMD versus young men. However, it is uncertain whether popliteal endothelial-dependent vasoconstrictor responses [low-flow-mediated constriction (L-FMC)] are similarly affected by PS and/or whether sex differences exist. We tested the hypothesis that women would have attenuated reductions in both popliteal FMD and L-FMC responses following an acute bout of PS. Popliteal FMD and L-FMC responses were assessed via duplex ultrasonography before and after a 3-h bout of PS. These responses were then compared between 10 men (24 ± 2 yr) and 10 women (23 ± 2 yr) with similar ( P > 0.13) levels of objectively measured habitual physical activity (via PiezoRx) and sedentary time (via activPAL). At baseline, men and women exhibited similar ( P > 0.46) popliteal FMD (4.8 ± 1.2 vs. 4.5 ± 0.6%) and L-FMC (–1.7 ± 1.0 vs. –1.9 ± 0.9%) responses. Both sexes experienced identical (group: P > 0.76; time: P < 0.001) PS-induced impairments in popliteal FMD (–2.8 ± 1.4 vs. –2.6 ± 0.9%) and L-FMC (1.3 ± 0.7% vs. 1.4 ± 0.7%). In young adults, sex did not influence the negative PS-induced FMD, L-FMC, or microvascular responses in the lower limb. As such, our findings suggest that young men and women are similarly susceptible to the acute negative vascular effects of PS. Future studies should extend these findings to older, less physically active adults and/or patients with vascular disease. NEW & NOTEWORTHY We compared changes in popliteal artery endothelial function to a single 3-h bout of sitting between young men and women. Both groups exhibited similar endothelial-dependent vasodilation (i.e., flow-mediated dilation) and endothelial-dependent vasoconstrictor responses (i.e., low-flow-mediated constriction) at baseline and equivocal impairments in these measures of endothelial function following prolonged sitting. These findings demonstrate that acute impairments in conduit artery endothelial health associated with uninterrupted sitting are not influenced by sex in young, healthy adults.
A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Phase II Trial of Dendritic Cell Vaccine ICT-107 in Newly Diagnosed Patients with Glioblastoma
Authors: Wen Patrick Y. , Reardon David A. , Armstrong Terri S. , Phuphanich Surasak , Aiken Robert D. , Landolfi Joseph C. , Curry William T. , Zhu Jay-Jiguang , Glantz Michael , Peereboom David M. , Markert James M. , LaRocca Renato , O'Rourke Donald M. , Fink Karen , Kim Lyndon , Gruber Michael , Lesser Glenn J. , Pan Edward , Kesari Santosh , Muzikansky Alona , Pinilla Clemencia , Santos Radleigh G. , Yu John S. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Purpose:
To evaluate the results of the randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase II clinical trial of ICT-107 in patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma.

Patients and Methods:
We conducted a double-blinded randomized phase II trial of ICT-107 in newly diagnosed patients with glioblastoma (GBM) and tested efficacy, safety, quality of life (QoL), and immune response. HLA-A1+ and/or -A2+–resected patients with residual tumor ≤1 cm3 received radiotherapy and concurrent temozolomide. Following completion of radiotherapy, 124 patients, randomized 2:1, received ICT-107 [autologous dendritic cells (DC) pulsed with six synthetic peptide epitopes targeting GBM tumor/stem cell–associated antigens MAGE-1, HER-2, AIM-2, TRP-2, gp100, and IL13Rα2] or matching control (unpulsed DC). Patients received induction ICT-107 or control weekly × 4 followed by 12 months of adjuvant temozolomide. Maintenance vaccinations occurred at 1, 3, and 6 months and every 6 months thereafter.

Results:
ICT-107 was well tolerated, with no difference in adverse events between the treatment and control groups. The primary endpoint, median overall survival (OS), favored ICT-107 by 2.0 months in the intent-to-treat (ITT) population but was not statistically significant. Progression-free survival (PFS) in the ITT population was significantly increased in the ICT-107 cohort by 2.2 months (P = 0.011). The frequency of HLA-A2 primary tumor antigen expression was higher than that for HLA-A1 patients, and HLA-A2 patients had higher immune response (via Elispot). HLA-A2 patients achieved a meaningful therapeutic benefit with ICT-107, in both the MGMT methylated and unmethylated prespecified subgroups, whereas only HLA-A1 methylated patients had an OS benefit.

Conclusions:
PFS was significantly improved in ICT-107–treated patients with maintenance of QoL. Patients in the HLA-A2 subgroup showed increased ICT-107 activity clinically and immunologically.
Resenha de 'A comunicação feminista como mobilização política: lições de quarenta anos de imprensa feminista no Brasil', de Viviane Gonçalves Freitas
Authors: Marques Danusa 
Published: July 2019

Referência completa:
Freitas, Viviane Gonçalves. Feminismos na imprensa alternativa brasileira: quatro décadas de lutas por direitos. Jundiaí: Paco Editorial, 2018.
Caspase-1 Activation Is Related With HIV-Associated Atherosclerosis in an HIV Transgenic Mouse Model and HIV Patient Cohort
Authors: Kearns Alison C. , Liu Fengming , Dai Shen , Robinson Jake A. , Kiernan Elizabeth , Tesfaye Cheru Lediya , Peng Xiao , Gordon Jennifer , Morgello Susan , Abuova Aishazhan , Lo Janet , Zanni Markella V. , Grinspoon Steven K. , Burdo Tricia H. , Qin Xuebin 
Published: July 2019

Objective:
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is an increasing cause of morbidity and mortality in people with HIV since the introduction of combination antiretroviral therapy. Despite recent advances in our understanding of HIV ASCVD, controversy still exists on whether this increased risk of ASCVD is due to chronic HIV infection or other risk factors. Mounting biomarker studies indicate a role of monocyte/macrophage activation in HIV ASCVD; however, little is known about the mechanisms through which HIV infection mediates monocyte/macrophage activation in such a way as to engender accelerated atherogenesis. Here, we experimentally investigated whether HIV expression is sufficient to accelerate atherosclerosis and evaluated the role of caspase-1 activation in monocytes/macrophages in HIV ASCVD.

Approach and Results:

We crossed a well-characterized HIV mouse model,
Tg26
mice, which transgenically expresses HIV-1, with
ApoE
−/−
mice to promote atherogenic conditions (
Tg26
+/−
/
ApoE
−/−
).
Tg26
+/−
/ApoE
−/−
have accelerated atherosclerosis with increased caspase-1 pathway activation in inflammatory monocytes and atherosclerotic vasculature compared with
ApoE
−/−
. Using a well-characterized cohort of people with HIV and tissue-banked aortic plaques, we documented that serum IL (interleukin)-18 was higher in people with HIV compared with non–HIV-infected controls, and in patients with plaques, IL-18 levels correlated with monocyte/macrophage activation markers and noncalcified inflammatory plaques. In autopsy-derived aortic plaques, caspase-1+ cells and CD (clusters of differentiation) 163+ macrophages correlated.

Conclusions:

These data demonstrate that expression of HIV is sufficient to accelerate atherogenesis. Further, it highlights the importance of caspase-1 and monocyte/macrophage activation in HIV atherogenesis and the potential of
Tg26
+/−
/ApoE
−/−
as a tool for mechanistic studies of HIV ASCVD.
Significance of Horses: Control Legislation and Impact on Irish Travellers
Authors: Burke Wood Patricia 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis paper documents the significance of horses to Irish Travellers, on several fronts, to demonstrate their unusual relationship with horses as companion animals and as work animals in a non-farm context. Their multiple attachments and engagement are analyzed in the context of the literature in human–nonhuman animal relations and animal geographies, which helps illuminate the ways in which horses have shaped Traveller geographies and identities, and how these associations have become politicized. The 1996 Control of Horses Act has led to greater restrictions on the keeping of horses; the impact of the loss of this animal from Traveller daily life is discussed. This research also helps fill a gap in the literature on horses and urban and rural landscapes in Ireland, which has to date largely excluded Travellers.
Children’s Fear and Pain During Medical Procedures: A Quality Improvement Study With a Humanoid Robot
Authors: Farrier Christian E. , Pearson Jacqueline D. R. , Beran Tanya N. 
Published: July 2019

Background Pediatric patients undergo a variety of painful medical procedures. Purpose The goal of this quality improvement study was to introduce a humanoid robot (MEDi®) programmed with strategies, such as distraction and deep breathing, at inpatient and outpatient units to determine any preliminary effects on children’s pain and fear during medical procedures. Methods A nonrandomized two-group pre- and posttest design was used to compare pain and fear of children before and after intervention versus standard care. A total of 46 children aged 2–15 years undergoing various medical procedures in a pediatric hospital, and their parents completed the Children’s Fear Scale and the Faces Pain Scale-Revised. The former was used both before and after the procedure, while the latter only after the procedure. Results Children ( n = 18), who interacted with the robot before and during a procedure, and their parents reported significantly lower levels of fear and pain than did children ( n = 28) and their parents in standard care, ps < .05. Conclusions The use of a humanoid robot programmed with psychological strategies to support coping may enhance children’s experiences of care for pain management.
Assessing the impact of dementia inclusive environmental adjustment in the emergency department
Authors: Bracken-Scally Mairéad , Keogh Brian , Daly Louise , Pittalis Chiara , Kennelly Brendan , Hynes Geralyn , Gibb Matthew , Cole Natalie , McMahon C Geraldine , Lawlor Brian , McCarron Mary , Brady Anne-Marie 
Published: July 2019

Objectives Acute hospitals, in particular the emergency department, can be disorienting for people living with dementia. As part of a larger project to improve care for people living with dementia, dementia-inclusive modifications were made to two emergency department bays in a large acute care hospital in Ireland. Modifications to spatial configuration included noise reduction, altered lighting and the addition of an orientation aid and fixed seating for relatives. Method A mixed methods approach was employed with both service user and service provider perspectives explored (survey of service providers ( n = 16) and interviews with family carers ( n = 10) at one time point and interviews with service providers ( n = 8 and n = 5) and key stakeholders ( n = 3) as well as audit data (at two time points) to evaluate the impact of the modifications made to the emergency department. Results Orientation and navigation within the modified bays were improved though technical issues with the orientation aid were highlighted. Further user information on the functionality of the adjustable lighting would be required to maximise its benefits. This lighting and use of calming colours, together with the addition of noise-reduction bay screens, served to reduce sensory stimulation. The provision of adequate space and seating for family carers was extremely beneficial. The removal of unnecessary equipment and use of new structures to store relevant clinical equipment were other positive changes implemented. A number of challenges in the design development of the modified bays were highlighted, as well as ongoing broader environmental challenges within the emergency department environment. Conclusion The findings suggest that the modified bays contributed positively to the experience of people living with dementia and their families in the emergency department.
Garments for functional electrical stimulation: Design and proofs of concept
Authors: Moineau Bastien , Marquez-Chin Cesar , Alizadeh-Meghrazi Milad , Popovic Milos R 
Published: July 2019

Introduction Repeated use of functional electrical stimulation can promote functional recovery in individuals with neurological paralysis. We designed garments able to deliver functional electrical stimulation. Methods Shirts and pants containing electrodes knitted with a conductive yarn were produced. Electrodes were moistened with water before use. Stimulation intensity at four thresholds levels (sensory, movement, full range of motion, and maximal), stimulation comfort, and electrical properties of the interface were tested in one able-bodied subject with garment electrodes and size-matched conventional gel electrodes. The pants and shirt were then used to explore usability and design limitations. Results Compared to gel electrodes, fabric electrodes had a lower sensory threshold (on forearm muscles) but they had a higher maximal stimulation threshold (for all tested muscles). The stimulation delivery was comfortable when the garment electrodes were recently moistened; however, as the electrodes dried (within 9 to 18 min) stimulation became unpleasant. Inconsistent water content in the fabric electrodes caused inconsistent intensity thresholds and inconsistent voltage necessary to apply a desired stimulation current. Garments’ tightness and impracticality of electrode lead necessitate further design improvement. Conclusions Fabric electrodes offer a promising alternative to gel electrodes. Further work involving people with paralysis is required to overcome the identified challenges.
Neuromuscular Function and Blood Flow Occlusion with Dynamic Arm Flexor Contractions
Authors: COPITHORNE DAVID B. , RICE CHARLES L. 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Blood flow-restricted or occlusion exercise enhances muscle hypertrophy and strength during resistance training. The acute effects on voluntary and electrically evoked muscle contractile characteristics with impaired blood flow at low- and high-contraction forces have not been explored.

Methods
On separate days, nine males completed two different protocols of concentric elbow flexor contractions. A repetitive low-force (~25% of isometric maximum voluntary contraction [MVC]) with blood flow occlusion (BFO) (300 mm Hg) protocol was compared with a high-force (~80% MVC) free blood flow protocol (HF), until range of motion (0°–90°) was impaired. Torque, velocity, and power were compared with baseline and between protocols. Maximum voluntary contraction and voluntary activation were assessed during and after each protocol. Muscle twitch, low (20 Hz) and high (50 Hz) tetanus, and compound muscle action potential (M
max) area were measured at 0, 2, 5, 10, and 20 min of recovery.

Results
Repetitions to failure (FP) were lower for HF (~16) versus BFO (~21), and MVC at FP was reduced more during BFO (~77%) compared with HF (~23%), with no difference in voluntary activation (~10% loss) between protocols. At FP, velocities for BFO and HF were similarly reduced by approximately 63% and 56%, respectively; however, peak power decreased more during BFO (~90%) compared with HF (~67%). Total work for BFO was approximately 40% lower than for HF. Peak power for HF was recovered by 2 min, whereas BFO required 20 min. Low-frequency fatigue (20 Hz/50 Hz) was greater after BFO (~70% decrease vs ~29% decrease after HF), whereas M
max area was unaffected.

Conclusion
Concentric elbow flexions at low-force with BFO cause greater impairments in strength and power than HF and, therefore, may be a replacement for high-force exercise used in chronic training.