bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between urinary sodium excretion and coronary heart disease in hospitalized elderly patients in China
Authors: Li Chun-lin , Wang Hai-jun , Si Quan-jin , Zhou Jin , Li Kai-liang , Ding Yu 
Published: May 2018

Objective This study was performed to evaluate the association between urinary sodium excretion and coronary heart disease (CHD) in hospitalized elderly patients in China. Methods The 24-h urinary excretion specimens of 541 patients were collected, and the serum creatinine concentration and urinary sodium/potassium ratio were measured. Associations were explored by multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results The mean 24-h urinary sodium excretion was 200.4 mmol, corresponding to 11.7 g of salt intake. Both of these values were higher in men than in women. The salt intake of 80- to 89-year-old patients was significantly lower than that of 70- to 79-year-old patients. The 24-h urinary sodium excretion and spot urine Na/K ratios were significantly higher in overweight/obese and hypertensive patients. The 24-h urinary sodium excretion of men who smoked was significantly higher than that of women. The spot urine Na/K ratio was significantly higher in patients with cerebral thrombosis. The urinary Na/K ratio, smoking status, and hypertension were independent risk factors for CHD. Conclusions This cross-sectional survey suggests that the Na/K ratio may better represent salt loading than Na excretion alone in studying the association between sodium intake and CHD. There was no association between sodium and CHD prevalence.
Building the Case: Changing Consumer Perceptions of the Value of Expanded Community Pharmacist Services
Authors: Steckowych Kathryn , Smith Marie , Spiggle Susan , Stevens Andrew , Li Hao 
Published: May 2018

Background: The role of the community pharmacist has traditionally been a medication dispenser; however, community pharmacists’ responsibilities must expand to include more direct patient care services in order to transform primary care practice. Objectives: Use case-based scenarios to (1) determine factors that contribute to positive and negative consumer perceptions of expanded community pharmacist patient care roles, (2) identify facilitators and barriers that contribute to consumer perceptions of the value of expanded community pharmacist patient care services, and (3) develop a successful approach and strategies for increasing consumer advocacy for the value of expanded community pharmacist patient care services. Methods: Two consumer focus groups used scenario-based guided discussions and Likert scale questionnaires to elicit consumer reactions, facilitators, and barriers to expanded community pharmacist services. Results: Convenience, timeliness, and accessibility were common positive reactions across all 3 scenarios. Team approach to care and trust were viewed as major facilitators. Participant concerns included uncertainty about pharmacist training and qualifications, privacy, pharmacists’ limited bandwidth to accept new tasks, and potential increased patient costs. Common barriers to service uptake included a lack of insurance payment and physician preference to provide the services. Conclusion: Consumer unfamiliarity with non-traditional community pharmacist services is likely an influencer of consumers’ hesitancy to utilize such services; therefore, an opportunity exists to engage consumers and advocacy organizations in supporting expanded community pharmacist roles. This study can inform consumers, advocates, community pharmacists, primary care providers, and community-based organizations on methods to shape consumer perceptions on the value of community pharmacist expanded services.
LGI1 antibody encephalitis and psychosis
Authors: Wang Dahai , Hao Qinjian , He Lan , Wang Qiang 
Published: May 2018

Objective: To describe a case of leucine-rich, glioma inactivated 1 antibody-encephalitis presenting with psychosis. Methods: Case report. Results: A young man with leucine-rich, glioma inactivated 1-antibody encephalitis initially presented with acute psychotic symptoms, short-term memory loss and faciobrachial dystonic seizures. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed hippocampal lesions. Electroencephalography revealed frontotemporal slowing of background activity. Conclusion: Increased awareness of leucine-rich, glioma inactivated 1-antibody encephalitis may promote early recognition and treatment.
The language we use – the effect of writing mental health care plans in the first person
Authors: Wyder Marianne , Kisely Steve , Meurk Carla , Dietrich Josie , Fawcett Teresa , Siskind Dan , Robinson Gail , Crompton David 
Published: May 2018

Objective: This study describes the impact of Motivational Aftercare Planning (MAP) – an intervention to increase consumer/clinician collaboration on the content of mental health recovery plans. The intervention focussed on enhancing existing discharge processes in psychiatric inpatient wards and supporting nursing staff in using motivational interviewing techniques to facilitate the completion of these plans. Methods: We conducted a qualitative thematic content analysis of the recovery plans completed throughout the study ( n = 110). Chi-squared tests were then used to compare the occurrence of themes and content identified in recovery plans pre and post the intervention ( n = 55). Results: The thematic content of the recovery plans shifted in focus following the intervention, with a change from third to first person language. Those completed prior to the intervention generally mentioned: decreasing symptoms of mental illness; acceptance of the illness; achieving clinical stability; risk management and treatment compliance. The recovery plans completed after the intervention focussed on: general wellness; participate in meaningful activities; community life; social roles and connections with others. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that a simple time-limited, facilitated intervention resulted in a change of thematic content in recovery plans. The use of these plans and its effect on care planning will need further evaluation.
Cementless total hip arthroplasty in young patients under the age of 30: a minimum 10-year follow-up
Authors: Shin Eun Ho , Moon Kyoung Ho 
Published: May 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical and radiologic outcomes of young patients (under the age of 30) who received a total hip arthroplasty (THA) and in whom patients had been followed for more than 10 years. Materials and methods: This retrospective study was conducted for 51 hips (44 patients) that had undergone THA. The mean age for the index operation was 25.71 years, and the mean follow-up period was 13.7 years. Clinical outcomes were evaluated by Harris hip score (HHS), activity level, and complications. Radiographic evaluations were assessed according to osteolysis, loosening, and polyethylene wear. Results: The average HHS improved from 67.47 pre-operatively to 97.42 at the final follow-up ( p < 0.001). The activity level changed from 1.92 pre-operatively to 1.33 at the final follow-up ( p < 0.001). Ten cases had undergone revision arthroplasty within the follow-up period, and the overall survival rate was 80.4% at the final follow-up with revision for any reason as the end point. Polyethylene liners were used in all revision cases ( p = 0.003). Patients with modular stem had a higher failure rate than patients with a fully porous coated stem ( p < 0.001). Furthermore, a small diameter head size was associated with a higher risk of revision surgery ( p = 0.003). Complications such as dislocations were found in three hips. Conclusion: Cementless THA yields encouraging clinical and radiological results in young and active patients under the age of 30. However, the bearing surface, type of stem, and head size influenced component durability and revision rate.
Singing for Lung Health: service evaluation of the British Lung Foundation programme
Authors: Lewis A , Cave P , Hopkinson NS 
Published: May 2018

Aims: Singing for Lung Health (SLH) is a novel intervention for individuals with respiratory disease. Qualitative results suggest benefits to physical, mental and emotional health. Limited data also suggest objective improvements in measures of quality of life with SLH are achievable. It is not known how effective the SLH groups supported by the British Lung Foundation (BLF) in the UK are. The objective was to understand the clinical impact SLH has on individuals with respiratory disease. Methods: The BLF conducted a questionnaire survey of singers with respiratory disease from new SLH groups set up in 2016–2017. Questionnaires were administered prior to participants’ first session and after 12 weeks of singing. Health-related quality of life, patient activation, anxiety and breathlessness outcomes were included. Healthcare resource utilisation including general practitioner (GP) visits, hospitalisations and frequency of inhaler use were recorded. Results: A total of 228 singers participated from 26 SLH groups in the UK. Participants were 70.7 (10.1) years old, 156 (68.4%) were female and 114 (47.5%) had chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In all, 113 (49.5%) participants provided 12-week data. There were significant improvements in COPD Assessment Test (CAT) score (Mean = –1.4, CI: (−0.25 to −2.48) (  p = .017)). Furthermore, 45% of singers reported reduced GP visits (  p ≤ .001) and 18% reported reduced hospital admissions (  p = .01). However, there were no significant improvements in general quality of life, anxiety, patient activation, breathlessness or inhaler use. Baseline characteristics were not significantly different between people who completed the 12-week evaluation and those who did not. Conclusions: This service evaluation found that participants in SLH groups report improvement in respiratory health-related quality of life and a reduction in healthcare utilisation. SLH has potential economic and health benefits. Therefore, to confirm these findings, these endpoints should be evaluated further in large-scale randomised controlled trials (RCTs).
The impact of meridian balance method electro-acupuncture treatment on chronic pelvic pain in women: a three-armed randomised controlled feasibility study using a mixed-methods approach
Authors: Chong Ooi Thye , Critchley Hilary OD , Williams Linda J , Haraldsdottir Erna , Horne Andrew W , Fallon Marie 
Published: May 2018

Introduction: Chronic pelvic pain (CPP) is estimated to affect 6%–27% of women worldwide. In the United Kingdom, over 1 million women suffer from CPP and it has been highlighted as a key area of unmet need. Standard treatments are associated with unacceptable side effects. The meridian balance method electro-acupuncture (BMEA), and traditional Chinese medicine health consultation (TCM HC) (BMEA + TCM HC = BMEA treatment) may be an effective adjunct to standard treatment. Aim: The aim of our study was to evaluate the feasibility of a future trial, to determine the effectiveness of the BMEA treatment for CPP in women. The primary objectives were to determine recruitment and retention rates. The secondary objectives were to assess the effectiveness of the BMEA treatment and acceptability of the study’s methodology. Methods: Women with CPP were randomised into BMEA treatment (group 1), TCM HC alone (group 2) (each intervention administered twice weekly for 4 weeks) or National Health Service standard care (NHS SC, group 3). Primary outcomes were assessed by the proportion of eligible participants randomised, and the proportion of randomised participants who returned follow-up questionnaires. Interventions were assessed by validated pain/physical/emotional functioning questionnaires at baseline (0), 4, 8 and 12 weeks. Focus groups and semi-structured telephone interviews were embedded in the study. Results: A total of 30 women (51% of those referred) were randomised over 8 months. Retention rates were 80% (95% confidence interval (CI): 74–96), 53% (95% CI: 36–70) and 87% (95% CI: 63–90), in groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively. Qualitative data suggested a favourable trial experience in groups 1 and 3. Discussion: Group 2 retention rate was problematic and has implications for our next trial. Conclusion: Our study suggests that a future trial to determine the effectiveness of BMEA treatment for women with CPP is feasible but with modifications to the study design.
Predictors of Unemployment After Breast Cancer Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies
Authors: Wang Li , Hong Brian Y. , Kennedy Sean A. , Chang Yaping , Hong Chris J. , Craigie Samantha , Kwon Henry Y. , Romerosa Beatriz , Couban Rachel J. , Reid Susan , Khan James S. , McGillion Michael , Blinder Victoria , Busse Jason W. 
Published: May 2018

Purpose Breast cancer surgery is associated with unemployment. Identifying high-risk patients could help inform strategies to promote return to work. We systematically reviewed observational studies to explore factors associated with unemployment after breast cancer surgery. Methods We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and PsycINFO to identify studies that explored risk factors for unemployment after breast cancer surgery. When possible, we pooled estimates of association for all independent variables reported by more than one study. Results Twenty-six studies (46,927 patients) reported the association of 127 variables with unemployment after breast cancer surgery. Access to universal health care was associated with higher rates of unemployment (26.6% v 15.4%; test of interaction P = .05). High-quality evidence showed that unemployment after breast cancer surgery was associated with high psychological job demands (odds ratio [OR], 4.26; 95% CI, 2.27 to 7.97), childlessness (OR, 1.30; 95% CI, 1.11 to 1.53), lower education level (OR, 1.15; 95% CI, 1.05 to 1.25), lower income level (OR, 1.46; 95% CI, 1.24 to 1.73), cancer stage II, III or IV (OR, 1.43; 95% CI, 1.13 to 1.82), and mastectomy versus breast-conserving surgery (OR, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.07 to 1.30). Moderate-quality evidence suggested an association with high physical job demands (OR, 2.11; 95%CI, 1.52 to 2.93), African-American ethnicity (OR, 1.89; 95% CI, 1.21 to 2.96), and receipt of chemotherapy (OR, 1.95; 95% CI, 1.36 to 2.79). High-quality evidence demonstrated no significant association with part-time hours, blue-collar work, tumor size, positive lymph nodes, or receipt of radiotherapy or endocrine therapy; moderate-quality evidence suggested no association with age, marital status, or axillary lymph node dissection. Conclusion Addressing high physical and psychological job demands may be important in reducing unemployment after breast cancer surgery.
Outcomes by EGFR, KRAS, and ALK Genotype After Combined Modality Therapy for Locally Advanced Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Mak Raymond H. , Hermann Gretchen , Aerts Hugo J. , Baldini Elizabeth H. , Chen Aileen B. , Kozono David , Rabin Michael S. , Swanson Scott J. , Chen Yu-Hui , Catalano Paul , Johnson Bruce E. , Jänne Pasi A. 
Published: May 2018

Purpose In 699 patients with locally advanced non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with radiation therapy as part of combined modality therapy, we compared outcomes among genotyped and ungenotyped patients and by tumor genotype status ( EGFR, KRAS, and ALK). Patients and Methods Genotyping was performed in 250 patients: EGFR+ (19%), KRAS+ (32%), ALK+ (9%), and wild type (WT−/−/−; 40%). Outcomes were analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression. Results With a median follow-up of 48.2 months among genotyped patients, median overall survival (OS) was significantly longer for EGFR+ and ALK+ compared with KRAS+ and WT−/−/− (55.8 months v not reached v 28.0 v 33.2 months; P = .02). There was no difference in progression-free survival (median, 15.3 v 13.7 v 13.0 v 14.5 months; P = .47) or in freedom from distant metastases by genotype (3-year estimates: 42% v 49% v 27% v 25%; P = .25). There was higher freedom from locoregional recurrence (LRR) for EGFR+ tumors and lower freedom from LRR in ALK+ tumors, compared with KRAS+ and WT−/−/− tumors (3-year: 77% v 38% v 49% v 46%). In multivariable analysis, ALK+ remained associated with increased OS (HR, 0.32; 95% CI, 0.12 to 0.87; P = .03), and EGFR+ was associated with decreased LRR (HR, 0.47; 95% CI, 0.24 to 0.92; P = .03). Analysis of post-recurrence survival demonstrated that EGFR+/ ALK+ patients treated with appropriate tyrosine kinase inhibitors had higher OS compared with other groups. Conclusion In this series of locally advanced NSCLC treated with combined modality therapy, EGFR+ and ALK+ were associated with higher OS, whereas LRR was lower in EGFR+ patients, and the risk of distant metastases was high in all subgroups. The outcomes and patterns of failure in genotypic subgroups of NSCLC from this study can inform the design of future trials integrating targeted therapies.
After Defeat: Conservative Postenactment Opposition to the ACA in Historical-Institutional Perspective
Authors: Patashnik Eric M. , Oberlander Jonathan 
Published: May 2018

AbstractSince the enactment of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) in 2010, conservatives have sought to undermine the law's entrenchment. While they have failed in their ambitious quest to repeal the ACA, opponents have succeeded in overturning one major provision (the individual mandate penalty), narrowing the law's reach, complicating its implementation, and fomenting doubts about its political sustainability. This essay places the postenactment battle over the ACA in historical-institutional perspective by juxtaposing the strategic choices that conservatives have made to limit the role of the federal government in the core social welfare areas of pensions and health since the New Deal. Our central argument is that conservatives' varying strategies of postenactment opposition, resistance, and accommodation for Social Security, Medicare, Medicaid, and the ACA have been shaped by shifts in conservative ideology, changes in control of institutional resources, and the nature of policy feedback. Attention to these contextual factors helps explain why ACA opponents viewed the law as a threat despite its moderate policy design, why opposition did not subside after the law's enactment, and how conservatives managed to keep the conflict going across multiple election cycles.
Understanding axon guidance: are we nearly there yet?
Authors: Stoeckli Esther T. 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACT
During nervous system development, neurons extend axons to reach their targets and form functional circuits. The faulty assembly or disintegration of such circuits results in disorders of the nervous system. Thus, understanding the molecular mechanisms that guide axons and lead to neural circuit formation is of interest not only to developmental neuroscientists but also for a better comprehension of neural disorders. Recent studies have demonstrated how crosstalk between different families of guidance receptors can regulate axonal navigation at choice points, and how changes in growth cone behaviour at intermediate targets require changes in the surface expression of receptors. These changes can be achieved by a variety of mechanisms, including transcription, translation, protein-protein interactions, and the specific trafficking of proteins and mRNAs. Here, I review these axon guidance mechanisms, highlighting the most recent advances in the field that challenge the textbook model of axon guidance.
Histone H3K27 methylation modulates the dynamics of FANCD2 on chromatin to facilitate NHEJ and genome stability
Authors: Zhang Ye , Chang Jian-Feng , Sun Jin , Chen Lu , Yang Xiao-Mei , Tang Huan-Yin , Jing Yuan-Ya , Kang Xuan , He Zhi-Min , Wu Jun-Yu , Wei Hui-Min , Wang Da-Liang , Xu Rong-Gang , Zhu Rui-Bao , Shen Ying , Zeng Shi-Yang , Wang Chen , Liu Kui-Nan , Zhang Yong , Mao Zhi-Yong , Jiang Ci-Zhong , Sun Fang-Lin 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACT
Dysregulation of the homeostatic balance of histone H3 di- and tri-methyl lysine 27 (H3K27me2/3) levels caused by the mis-sense mutation of histone H3 (H3K27M) is reported to be associated with various types of cancers. In this study, we found that reduction in H3K27me2/3 caused by H3.1K27M, a mutation of H3 variants found in patients with diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG), dramatically attenuated the presence of 53BP1 (also known as TP53BP1) foci and the capability of non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) in human dermal fibroblasts. H3.1K27M mutant cells showed increased rates of genomic insertions/deletions and copy number variations, as well as an increase in p53-dependent apoptosis. We further showed that both hypo-H3K27me2/3 and H3.1K27M interacted with FANCD2, a central player in the choice of DNA repair pathway. H3.1K27M triggered the accumulation of FANCD2 on chromatin, suggesting an interaction between H3.1K27M and FANCD2. Interestingly, knockdown of FANCD2 in H3.1K27M cells recovered the number of 53BP1-positive foci, NHEJ efficiency and apoptosis rate. Although these findings in HDF cells may differ from the endogenous regulation of the H3.1K27M mutant in the specific tumor context of DIPG, our results suggest a new model by which H3K27me2/3 facilitates NHEJ and the maintenance of genome stability.
This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
Lipophilic Polyelectrolyte Gels and Crystal Crosslinking, New Methods for Supramolecular Control of Swelling and Collapsing of Polymer Gels
Authors: Sada Kazuki 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
This review focuses on our trial to control the swelling and collapsing of polymer gels by two different approaches. One is the introduction of ion-pairs from bulky and hydrophobic ions into hydrophobic polymers to form ionic polymer gels as “lipophilic polyelectrolyte gels”. Partial dissociation of these ion-pairs in nonpolar media, such as chloroform and THF, provides them a high swelling ability as superabsorbent polymers. Compatibility of the polymers with the media and ion dissociation are crucial for the superabsorbency. The other is preparation of polymer gels by controlling the size, shape and crosslinking points with the aid of nanoporous metal-organic frameworks (MOF). It includes polymerization between the organic ligands as host monomers fixed on the open framework and the guest monomers that penetrate into the nanopores. Thus, all the components in a crystal are polymerized, which is called “crystal crosslinking”. Hydrolysis of the coordination bonds produces insoluble polymer gels without metal ions. The shapes of the polymer gels are essentially identical to those of the template crystals, and the swelling ability is controlled by arrangements of the host monomers in the template crystals. These two approaches should be unique and effective for controlling the swelling ability of the polymer gels.
Controlled Reactive Intermediates Enabling Facile Molecular Conjugation
Authors: Yoshida Suguru 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Reliable methods to conjugate molecules using highly reactive substrates including strained cycloalkynes, azides, and thiophene S,S-dioxides, or short-lived intermediates such as arynes and 6- and 7-membered cycloalkynes have been developed. This account describes our recent achievement on the development of facile methods conjugating a wide variety of molecules based on the reactivity of controlled short-lived intermediates.