bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hemoglobin level and common mental disorder among school adolescent girls in Central Ethiopia: Structural Equation Model
Authors: Kedir Shemsu , Abate Kalkidan Hassen , Mohammed Bekri , Mosa Behre Dari , Wabe Yasin Awol , Reshid Kalid Sherefa , Petros Legese , Jemal Musa , Ademe Beyene Wondafrash 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe prevalence of common mental disorder (CMD) and anemia is observed to be on the rise over time, adversely affecting the health and overall quality of life among adolescents. Extensive literature corroborates the significant impact of anemia on cognitive development, intelligence and developmental milestones. Nevertheless, the linkage between hemoglobin level and CMD emerging during adolescence remains relatively unexplored. Thus, the objective of this study was to investigate the association between hemoglobin level and CMD as well as the mediating factor among school adolescent girls residing in Central Ethiopia. A cross‐sectional study design was conducted among adolescent girls attending schools in Silti Woreda, Central Ethiopia, comprising a total sample size of 516 individuals during the period from October 2–20, 2023. Hemoglobin level was adjusted for altitude, while CMD was evaluated utilising the summation score of a 20‐item Self‐Reporting Questionnaire. Data were analysed through fitting Structural Equation Model and the maximum likelihood estimation method. Goodness of fit was assessed using the χ2The ‐test statistic, Comparative Fit Index, Root Mean Square Error of Approximation, Standardised Root Mean Square Residual, Non‐Normed Fit Index, Pclose and coefficient of determination (R2). The prevalence of CMD was 22.3% (95% CI: 18.6%–25.8%). Hemoglobin level (UTE = −0.73, CI: −0.93, −0.53) and experience of morbidity symptoms (UTE = 1.05; CI: 0.74, 1.38) were significantly associated with CMD. Furthermore, hemoglobin level is significantly influenced by morbidity frequency symptoms (UDE = −0.63, CI = −0.77, −0.49) and animal source food (ASF) (UDE = 0.09, CI = 0.01, 0.17). Hemoglobin level has been identified as a significant mediator of the experience of morbidity symptoms and ASF on CMD. However, household food insecurity and wealth index had no significant association with CMD. A significant proportion of adolescent girls face CMD, often linked to a lower hemoglobin level. Having a significant association with CMD, the hemoglobin level is found to mediate a significant effect of morbidity symptom experience and ASF on CMD. Hence, addressing early infection prevention, promoting ASF and treating anemia are promptly needed.
“Poison may lurk at the bottom”: The ruin of Jacob Vaark and paradise already lost in Toni Morrison's A Mercy
Authors: Hillier Russell M. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe essay advances a sustained close reading of perhaps the most complete representation of a white male character in Toni Morrison's oeuvre, Jacob Vaark, the Anglo‐Dutch settler portrayed in her ninth novel, A Mercy (2008). Interpretations that comprehend Vaark's conduct as illustrating a fall from grace, whether that falling off is construed as rapid or gradual, overlook the various textual clues that Vaark's ethical standards have eroded even before he steps into the narrative and is confronted with material temptations. Vaark is a man already selfish, covetous, lascivious, hypocritical, and unexpectedly and chillingly indifferent to the misery of others. Hilary Mantel has complained of Morrison's portrait of Vaark that, “Having created him carefully, Morrison sweeps him out of the story”; rather, Morrison's novel provides the reader with a forceful, disturbing, and resonant figure who casts a long shadow over the other characters throughout the narrative. Through Vaark's corruption, Morrison unmasks an American project that is neither experimental nor instinct with promise or possibility, but tainted ab ovo and vitiated from before the beginning.
HyProCure for Flatfoot Deformity: A Clinical Characteristics Analysis in China
Authors: Fu Shaoling , Wu Chenglin , Wang Cheng , Wang Jiazheng , Shi Zhongmin 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundFlatfoot is a common foot disorder involving progressive foot deformity of the three‐dimensional structures of the forefoot, midfoot, and hindfoot. Currently, Chinese surgeons and patients favor subtalar arthroereisis (SA) due to its minimally invasive and low‐damage characteristics. HyProCure device is widely used. However, there is limited analysis of large sample sizes. This study utilized statistical evaluation with a large sample size to analyze clinical characteristics trends of SA for flatfoot, including baseline indicators, selection of HyProCure size and surgical strategy, complications, and implant removal. This study will enhance the understanding of SA in China.MethodsA retrospective analysis of 732 patients (1008 ft) who underwent SA from June 2015 to June 2023, with 509 pediatric and adolescent patients (772 ft) and 223 adult patients (236 ft). Based on the patient's age, patients aged ≤ 18 were included in the children and adolescent group, while adult acquired flatfoot deformity (AAFD) patients aged > 18 were included in the adult group. General data was collected, including patient sex, age, side, body mass index (BMI), surgery date, HyproCure size, and surgical data, and trends were analyzed. Postoperative complications and HyProCure removal were collected as outcome measures during follow‐up.ResultsThe age of patients treated with SA was gradually getting younger, with male patients predominating, mainly concentrated in the 11–14 age group. HyProCure 7 has the highest usage rate. In the children and adolescent group, 288 ft (37.31%) only underwent SA. In the adult group, 18 ft (7.63%) only underwent SA. Complications include sinus tarsi pain, peroneal spasms, achilles tendon tension, and muscle strength decline. The complication rate in the children and adolescent group was 5.05%, while in the adult group it was 28.81%. Overall, it was 10.62%. The removal rate of HyProCure in the children and adolescent group is 1.04%, in the adult group is 15.25%, and overall is 4.37%.ConclusionsThe trend in flatfoot treated with SA was towards children and adolescent male patients, and sinus tarsi pain was the most common complication after SA. The complication rate and removal rate in the children and adolescent group were lower than those in the adult group. HyProCure can be removed without additional adverse effects.
Chinese expert consensus on allergen component resolved diagnosis
Authors: Luo Wenting , Chen Hao , Cheng Lei , Cui Yubao , Guo Yinshi , Gao Zhongshan , Guan Kai , Han Kun , Hong Haiyu , Ji Kunmei , Li Jing , Liu Guanghui , Meng Juan , Sun Jin‐Lyu , Tao Ailin , Tang Wei , Wang Huiying , Wang Xiaoyan , Wei Jifu , Shao Xuejun , Xiang Li , Tsui Stephen Kwok‐Wing , Zhang Huanping , Yu Yongmei , Zhao Lan , Huang Zhifeng , Gan Hui , Zhang Jiale , Zheng Xianhui , Zheng Peiyan , Huang Huimin , Hao Chuangli , Zhu Rongfei , Sun Baoqing 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundAllergen component resolved diagnosis (CRD) is a method for identifying specific protein molecules that cause hypersensitivity. Unlike traditional methods that use crude allergen extracts containing multiple component species, CRD focuses on individual allergen protein molecules for more precise diagnosis. The World Allergy Organization (WAO) recommends CRD as a supplement to clinical history and allergen extract testing, and in some cases, it can replace crude extract tests.MethodsCRD involves the use of natural or recombinant proteins to detect specific IgE antibodies directed at individual allergenic components. This method allows for a more detailed analysis of a patient's allergic response compared to the use of whole allergen extracts. The Allergy Prevention and Control Specialty Committee of the Chinese Preventive Medicine Association, in collaboration with multidisciplinary experts, developed an expert consensus that incorporates the consensus of the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (EAACI), WAO, and important domestic literature on CRD in recent years.ResultsThe consensus aims to standardize the algorithm of allergen diagnosis and provides a reference for clinical practice. It also offers guidance for clinicians on the common protein families identified by CRD, the scenarios where CRD is applicable, and the significance of detecting common allergen components.ConclusionsDespite its potential, CRD is not widely used in clinical practice in China due to the lack of allergen component reagents and a general unawareness among clinicians about CRD's application and interpretation of test results. The expert consensus developed by the Chinese Preventive Medicine Association aims to address this gap and enhance the clinical application of CRD in China.
Common error traps in anesthesia for neonatal surgical emergencies
Authors: Morrissey Tyler , Taverner Fiona , Sawyer Anthony , Strupp Kim 
Published: November 2024

AbstractNeonatal surgical emergencies are challenging, often high‐risk procedures for the pediatric anesthesiologist. Though each emergency presents different anesthetic challenges, several error traps exist that are common to all procedures in this patient population. These error traps include errors in surgical timing, airway management, maintenance of normothermia and normoglycemia, and recognition of pharmacologic and physiologic differences. In this narrative review, we will discuss each error trap to aid the clinician in recognizing, planning for, and mitigating adverse events.
SlVQ15 recruits SlWRKY30IIc to link with jasmonate pathway in regulating tomato defence against root‐knot nematodes
Authors: Huang Huang , Ma Xuechun , Sun Lulu , Wang Yingying , Ma Jilin , Hong Yihan , Zhao Mingjie , Zhao Wenchao , Yang Rui , Song Susheng , Wang Shaohui 
Published: November 2024

SummaryTomato is one of the most economically important vegetable crops in the world and has been seriously affected by the devastating agricultural pest root‐knot nematodes (RKNs). Current understanding of tomato resistance to RKNs is quite limited. VQ motif‐containing family proteins are plant‐specific regulators; however, whether and how tomato VQs regulate resistance to RKNs is unknown. Here, we found that SlVQ15 recruited SlWRKY30IIc to coordinately control tomato defence against the RKN Meloidogyne incognita without affecting plant growth and productivity. The jasmonate (JA)‐ZIM domain (JAZ) repressors of the phytohormone JAs signalling associated and interfered with the interaction of SlVQ15 and SlWRKY30IIc. In turn, SlWRKY30IIc bound to SlJAZs promoters and cooperated with SlVQ15 to repress their expression, whereas this inhibitory effect was antagonized by SlJAZ5, forming a feedback regulatory mechanism. Moreover, SlWRKY30IIc expression was directly regulated by SlMYC2, a SlJAZ‐interacting negative regulator of resistance to RKNs. In conclusion, our findings revealed that a regulatory circuit of SlVQ15‐SlWRKY30IIc and the JA pathway fine‐tunes tomato defence against the RKN M. incognita, and provided candidate genes and clues with great potential for crop improvement.
Machine Learning for Prediction of Resistance Scores in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
Authors: Heilmann Philipp Georg , Difabachew Yohannes Fekadu , Frisch Matthias , Moritz Anna Luise , Stahl Andreas , Wittkop Benjamin , Snowdon Rod J. , Koch Michael , Kirchhoff Martin , Cselényi László , Wolf Markus , Förster Jutta , Zenke‐Philippi Carola 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTMachine learning methods were shown to improve the prediction accuracies of genomic prediction of resistance scores compared to methods like RR‐BLUP, which were originally designed for metric rather than ordinal response values. We conducted a cross‐validation study with 361 wheat genotypes evaluated for five fungal diseases. Our objective was to compare the prediction accuracy and the ability to identify the most resistant genotypes of 19 genomic prediction approaches. Each approach consisted of a different combination of prediction method (RR‐BLUP, an alternative method with heterogeneous marker variances, Bayesian generalized linear regression with an ordinal response, support vector machine, gradient boosting machine and random forest), predictor (single SNP markers, LD‐based haplotype blocks, 250 variables generated with an autoencoder and SNPs identified with incremental feature selection) and response value (untransformed and logit‐transformed resistance scores). In our dataset, RR‐BLUP was consistently among the methods with the largest prediction accuracies and the best abilities to identify resistant genotypes in four of five investigated traits. However, in P. triticina, using gradient boosting machine and random forest instead of RR‐BLUP increased the prediction accuracy from 0.64 to 0.71, indicating that machine learning methods may have an advantage over linear models in genomic prediction. We also found that even though there was a positive correlation between the prediction accuracy and Cohen's , a measure to judge how well the most resistant genotypes can be identified, the correlation is not perfect and a large value for the prediction accuracy does not necessarily translate into an equally large value.
A Detailed Proteomics and Metabolomics Landscape Sheds Light on the Mechanistic Insights Into the Resistance Response of Transgenic Pigeon Pea Against Wilt Stress
Authors: Karmakar Subhasis , Selvaraj Sabarinathan , Gayen Dipak , Baig Mirza J. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTPigeon pea, vital for farmers in semi‐arid regions, suffers yield losses from Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium udum. This study demonstrates that introducing the rice oxalate oxidase 4 (Osoxo4) gene significantly boosts wilt resistance. Enhanced resistance in transgenic lines was confirmed through gene expression analysis, enzyme activity assays, biochemical assessments, histochemical staining and in vitro and in vivo bioassays, including spore germination tests. We performed proteomics and metabolomics analyses to investigate mechanisms of enhanced resistance. LC‐MS/MS‐based label‐free proteomics of wilt‐infected transgenic and wild‐type pigeon pea leaves identified 2386 proteins, with 1048 showing significant abundance changes—738 upregulated and 310 downregulated—in transgenic plants. Notably, proteins such as HMG1/2‐like protein, Putative nucleosome assembly protein C364.06, DEAD‐box ATP‐dependent RNA helicase 3, Lipoxygenase 1, Annexin D1 and Annexin‐like protein RJ4 were significantly upregulated, indicating their potential role in developing wilt‐resistant cultivars. Metabolomic analysis showed elevated levels of amino acids, sugars, oxalic acid, sugar alcohols and myo‐inositol in transgenic pigeon pea, with upregulated pathways in Sugar and Starch Metabolism and Inositol Phosphate Metabolism, indicating enhanced resilience to wilt stress. This study highlights unique regulatory proteins and metabolites, offering insights into stress adaptation and guiding genetic interventions for breeding disease‐resistant pigeon pea varieties.
Biosynthesis‐Based Spatial Metabolome of Condensed Tannin Reveals Its Role in Salt Tolerance of Non‐Salt‐Secretor Mangrove Kandelia obovata
Authors: Huang Hezi , Zhuang Lihan , Tang Hanchen , Guo Zhaoyu , Li Qinghua , Lin Zejin , Dai Mingjin , Wang Xiuxiu , Wang Yifan , Zheng Hailei , Zhu Xueyi 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTAn autofluorescent inclusion (AFI) specifically accumulated in mesophyll cells (MCs) of non‐salt‐secretor mangrove was found to be related to salt, but its biosynthesis and spatial distribution characteristics remain unclear. Here, Kandelia obovata served as the experimental material, and the composition of AFI was identified as condensed tannin (CT). Na contents increased in purified AFIs under NaCl treatment, while Na+ efflux in MCs was lower than the control. In vitro, Na+ addition caused aggregations of AFIs. Proteins related to Na+/H+ and vesicle transport were identified in the purified AFIs by liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry. TEM images revealed the structures involved in CT biosynthesis in chloroplasts and CT accretions in vacuoles were more visible under higher salinity. Spatial metabolomics analysis on flavonoid metabolites involving in CT biosynthesis illustrated those flavonoids and three CT monomers were positively related to salt in MCs. Real‐time quantitative PCR verified the genes encoding enzymes for CT biosynthesis were upregulated accordingly. Taken together, CT biosynthesis is positively correlated with Na accumulation in leaves. The CTs synthesized in chloroplasts are transported as shuttles to vacuole via cytoplasm, facilitating the sequestration and compartmentalization of excessive Na+ ions into the vacuole, which confers non‐salt‐secretor mangrove K. obovata a higher salt tolerance.
Integrated Metabolomic and Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals Bioactive Compound Diversity in Organs of Saffron Flower
Authors: Bagri Jayram , Singh Vikash Kumar , Gupta Khushboo , Dkhar Jeremy , Wani Aijaz Ahmad , Jain Mukesh , Singla‐Pareek Sneh Lata , Pareek Ashwani 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSaffron stigma, derived from Crocus sativus L., has long been revered in global traditional medicine and continues to hold significant market value. However, despite the extensive focus on saffron stigma, the therapeutic potential of other floral components remains underexplored, primarily due to limited insights into their complex molecular architectures and chemical diversity. To address this gap, we performed a comprehensive metabolomic analysis of various floral organs utilizing advanced analytical platforms, including GC–MS and UPLC‐MS/MS. This in‐depth profiling revealed a diverse array of 248 metabolites, encompassing amino acids, sugar derivatives, fatty acids, flavonoids, vitamins, polyamines, organic acids, and a broad spectrum of secondary metabolites. Distinct correlation patterns among these metabolites were identified through PCA and PLS‐DA, highlighting unique metabolomic signatures inherent to each floral organ. We further integrated these metabolomic findings with our transcriptomic data, enabling a detailed understanding of the molecular and metabolic variations across different floral organs. The pronounced abundance of differentially expressed genes and metabolites in the stamen (424), leaf (345), tepal (196), stigma (177), and corm (133) underscores the intricate regulatory networks governing source‐to‐sink partitioning and dynamic metabolic processes. Notably, our study identified several bioactive compounds, including crocin, picrocrocin, crocetin, safranal, cannabielsoin, quercetin, prenylnaringenin, isorhamnetin, pelargonidin, kaempferol, and gallic acid, all of which exhibit potential therapeutic properties. In conclusion, this comprehensive analysis significantly enhances our understanding of the molecular mechanisms driving the biosynthesis of apocarotenoids, cannabinoids, anthocyanins, and flavonoids in saffron, thereby providing valuable insights and paving the way for future research in this area.
Navigating the legal uncertainty around the governance of an integrated energy system using the values of the energy transition and energy justice
Authors: Wickramanayake Shakya 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn order to realise the European Union's (EU) transition to clean and carbon‐neutral energy systems, various individual infrastructure systems and energy networks will have to coordinate and operate as an integrated energy system. Traditionally, these different infrastructure systems operate within their own sectors and are governed by separate legal regimes. The intersection of these different legal rules and interests creates regulatory uncertainty and risk for infrastructure operators and can dissuade operators from participating in system integration. This paper explores how infrastructure operators can overcome the legal uncertainty and regulatory risks of operating as an integrated system, whilst also ensuring that the policy objectives of the energy transition are realised. This paper argues that, by pursuing public values and energy justice principles, infrastructure operators will overcome the legal uncertainty surrounding system integration. By doing so, infrastructure operators will facilitate the realisation of an energy transition that is just, inclusive and in the public interest.
Chronotopes of exile and loss in Philip O'Sullivan Beare's Zoilomastix (c. 1626)☆
Authors: Tracey Kevin Gerard 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis essay explores the relationship between an early modern exile and his native environment, as depicted in Philip O'Sullivan Beare's unfinished natural history Zoilomastix. Writing by turns in Latin, Spanish and Gaelic from the safety of the Habsburg court, O'Sullivan Beare marshalled Ciceronian rhetoric and Plinian wonder to argue for the conservation of interwoven natural and cultural environments. One of the earliest examples of national historiographies written from exile by erudite Irish figures, Zoilomastix has most often been read in terms of its political theology. Though understandable, such readings obscure O'Sullivan Beare's idiosyncratic treatments of self, state and nature. Additionally, such readings only partially consider the author's attempts to engage with the debates on ethnicity, natural law and resource capture which directed the actions of the English state. Adopting the dialogic framework of Mikhail Bakhtin's chronotope, this essay therefore explores the extent to which the genre of natural history was utilized to inform and influence contested narratives. It argues that O'Sullivan Beare's autobiographical account, and its relevance to the forthcoming ‘loss’ of his Gaelic world, has much to tell us in a time of ecological crisis.
Turing Instability and Dynamic Bifurcation for the One‐Dimensional Gray–Scott Model
Authors: Choi Yuncherl , Ha Taeyoung , Han Jongmin , Kim Sewoong , Lee Doo Seok 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTWe study the dynamic bifurcation of the one‐dimensional Gray–Scott model by taking the diffusion coefficient of the reactor as a bifurcation parameter. We define a parameter space of for which the Turing instability may happen. Then, we show that it really occurs below the critical number and obtain rigorous formula for the bifurcated stable patterns. When the critical eigenvalue is simple, the bifurcation leads to a continuous (resp. jump) transition for if is negative (resp. positive). We prove that when lies near the Bogdanov–Takens point . When the critical eigenvalue is double, we have a supercritical bifurcation that produces an ‐attractor . We prove that consists of four asymptotically stable static solutions, four saddle static solutions, and orbits connecting them. We also provide numerical results that illustrate the main theorems.
Considering How Machine‐Learning Algorithms (Re)produce Social Biases in Generated Faces
Authors: Gusdorff Matthew , Grissom Alvin , Rocha Neto Jeova F. S. , Lin Yikang , Trotter Ryan , Lei Ryan F. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTAdvances in computer science–specifically in the development and use of generative machine learning–have provided powerful new tools for psychologists to create synthetic human faces as stimuli, which ultimately provide high‐quality photorealistic face images that have many advantages, including reducing typical ethical and privacy concerns and generating face images from minoritized communities that are typically underrepresented in existing face databases. However, there are a number of ways that using machine learning‐based face generation and manipulation software can introduce bias into the research process, thus threatening the validity of studies. The present article provides a summary of how one class of recently popular algorithms for generating faces–generative adversarial networks (GANs)—works, how we control GANs, and where biases (with a particular focus on racial biases) emerge throughout these processes. We discuss recommendations for mitigating these biases, as well as how these concepts manifest in similar modern text‐to‐image algorithms.