bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Advancing open data: Aligning education with public sector data challenges
Authors: Weber Nicholas M. , Pamer Carole L. , Norlander Bree 
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACTLIS education has invested heavily in workforce development for data services in research institutions, however little work has been done on open data competencies needed in public libraries and government agencies. The Open Data Literacy (ODL) project is working to prepare students to build infrastructure and to curate and sustain open data resources for the public by advancing data curation and data science curriculum and providing field experiences in collaboration with city and state agencies. To determine the expertise students need to meet workforce demands, we are examining the current data challenges faced by these public sector organizations. Based on the first year of student field experiences, we found that data organization and access, data quality, and data visualization were prominent areas of competency needed across the sites. While these areas are captured to some degree in current frameworks meant to catalog “data expertise” we find that additional competencies are required, in particular the need for developing and following metadata standards, evaluation and use of storage and cloud services, APIs, law and ethics, and public sector and not‐for‐profit organization knowledge. In future work these emerging areas of data expertise will be prioritized and deepened in our curriculum and better articulated for application in data education more generally.
“Bouncing ideas”: When participants use this phrase, what do they really mean?
Authors: Willson Rebekah 
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACTIn a qualitative study of the information behavior of early career academics transitioning from doctoral studies to their first continuing academic positions, participants used the phrase “bouncing ideas” with relative frequency to describe their interactions with colleagues. Using constructivist grounded theory methodology, interviews with 20 early career academics were analyzed and for themes and sub‐themes. “Bouncing ideas” emerged as a sub‐theme, related to collegial information exchange, an important way early career academics find workplace information. Despite its common usage, the term remained vague in participant discussions and unexamined in the information science literature. This poster will investigate the meaning of “bouncing ideas” as used by participants, exploring its potential constituent parts including: information seeking, information sharing, collaboration, and information creation. ASIS&T conference attendees will be encouraged to think about and actively engage in discussion about the phrase, in an attempt to answer the research question, What does “bouncing ideas” mean?
An analysis of the relationship between crime incidents and 911 calls
Authors: Wu Jiahui , Frias‐Martinez Vanessa 
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACTCrime incidents are a major concern of public safety. Residents can help in crime‐fighting by reporting suspicious behavior via call for service (calling 911 in the U.S.). To study this behavior at the city level, we analyze the relationship between crime incidents and 911 calls data. First, we propose an approach to pairing up calls with incidents based on spatiotemporal proximity. Based on the paired up calls and incidents, we define and compute the reporting rate for the studied city. Then we analyze the reporting rate and disaggregate it by types of crimes and neighborhoods. Our analysis reveals that residents are better at reporting shooting incidents than arson or rape incidents, and wealthier neighborhoods tend to have lower reporting rate. City planners can use the reporting rate to engage residents more in reporting suspicious behavior and provide better public safety services.
Online scholarly tools: Use and value
Authors: Xu Shenmeng , Brown Cecelia , Hemminger Bradley M. 
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACTIn this paper, we describe our preliminary findings of our multi‐site study on researchers' use of online scholarly tools. Using surveys and in‐depth interviews, our study will provide information professionals and scholars a 360‐degree panorama of the ways social media is impacting the dissemination and evaluation of scholarly research. At the visual presentation session, we will present the statistical results and analysis of our data, as well as individual case stories exemplifying the main findings. Additionally, we will have an activity where our audience can participate in the same card sorting exercise that study subjects did, and compare their results with the study participants, to better understand the value of various scholarly activities.
Multi‐discipline correlation analysis between citations and detailed features of library holdings
Authors: Zhang Heng , Zhou Qingqing , Zhang Chengzhi 
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACTCitations and library holdings are two important metrics for assessing book impact. Traditional researches about correlations between these two metrics are mainly based on books' citations and holding numbers. More detailed information about books' holding (i.e. their holding regions) can be used in book impact assessment. In this paper, we will investigate the relationships between citations and more comprehensive features of library holdings, namely holding numbers, holding regions and holding distributions. We obtain citations of 2, 356 Chinese books from CSSCI and the corresponding library holding data from OCLC. Then, we conduct correlation analysis between citations and the three features of library holdings respectively. Results show that there are general weak correlations between the two metrics in all disciplines, while correlations in Linguistics, Ethnology and Archeology are stronger.
Extracting metadata of scientific references in patents based on combination of representation learning and machine learning
Authors: Zhang Jinzhu , Hu Yiming 
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACTThe scientific references in patent (SRPs), one type of non‐patent references (NPRs), is the best representative of scientific knowledge cited in patents (SKCP). However, SKCP is often indicated by NPRs rather than SRPs currently, which may reduce the accuracy of the analysis of science & technology transfer and transformation. In the other hand, the content of SRPs is important for subsequent in‐depth patent analysis, which requires more accurate SRPs' metadata extraction. In order to enhance the accuracy of SRPs identification and SRPs' metadata extraction, this paper uses the representation learning method to learn vectors of the NPRs and the parts separated by delimiters with each SRP (metadata), respectively. These vectors conclude the context information and the same type of metadata may appear in the same position in vector space. Then the problem of SRPs identification and SRPs' metadata extraction are transferred as the automatic categorization with the machine learning method. The experiment is conducted in the field of gene where patents cite lots of SRPs. The result shows that in 1000 patent citations, the accuracy of SRP identification reaches 99.27% and the accuracy of SRP title extraction reaches 90.57% which is 4.51% higher than the pure machine learning method.
Increasing return response to changes in risk
Authors: Dicle Mehmet F. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractRisk aversion theory is based on an individual's choice among risky assets with expected utility in its foundation. It is about investor behavior (i.e., investor choice), under normal circumstances, toward assets with various levels of risk. A positive and marginally diminishing relationship between risk and return exists. This study is about investor behavior related to their response (not choice) to risk. We present an argument and supporting evidence that investors’ return response to risk is increasing with the level of risk. Thus, investor behavior is subject to change and the level of risk is a determinant of such change. We also explain the negative time‐series correlation between risk and return.
Estimation of the worldwide seroprevalence of cytomegalovirus: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Zuhair Mohamed , Smit G. Suzanne A. , Wallis Gabriel , Jabbar Faiz , Smith Colette , Devleesschauwer Brecht , Griffiths Paul 
Published: February 2019

SummaryCytomegalovirus (CMV) infection does not usually produce symptoms when it causes primary infection, reinfection, or reactivation because these three types of infection are all controlled by the normal immune system. However, CMV becomes an important pathogen in individuals whose immune system is immature or compromised, such as the unborn child. Several vaccines against CMV are currently in clinical trials that aim to induce immunity in seronegative individuals and/or to boost the immunity of those with prior natural infection (seropositives). To facilitate estimation of the burden of disease and the need for vaccines that induce de novo immune responses or that boost pre‐existing immunity to CMV, we conducted a systematic survey of the published literature to describe the global seroprevalence of CMV IgG antibodies. We estimated a global CMV seroprevalence of 83% (95%UI: 78‐88) in the general population, 86% (95%UI: 83‐89) in women of childbearing age, and 86% (95%UI: 82‐89) in donors of blood or organs. For each of these three groups, the highest seroprevalence was seen in the World Health Organisation (WHO) Eastern Mediterranean region 90% (95%UI: 85‐94) and the lowest in WHO European region 66% (95%UI: 56‐74). These estimates of the worldwide CMV distribution will help develop national and regional burden of disease models and inform future vaccine development efforts.
Finite‐time posture stabilization of the unicycle mobile robot using only position information: A discrete‐time sliding mode approach
Authors: Thomas Maria , Bandyopadhyay Bijnan , Vachhani Leena 
Published: February 2019

SummaryThe posture stabilization of a unicycle mobile robot is useful in executing parking and docking maneuvers. It becomes more advantageous to guarantee the posture stabilization in finite time for a battery operated robot, especially in an application involving multiple robots. This paper addresses the posture stabilization of the unicycle mobile robot in finite time, especially when only the position information is available. We adopt the reaching law approach and design a discrete‐time sliding mode (DSM) controller by finitely discretizing the chained form of the unicycle, using the notion of multirate input sampling. Finite‐time stabilization of the equilibria is achieved by using multirate piecewise continuous inputs. Furthermore, the control inputs are realized using multirate output‐feedback (MROF) technique, wherein the states are estimated using the knowledge of the past fast output samples and immediate past control inputs. The proposed MROF‐DSM strategy avoids undesirable chatter in the system response owing to the nonswitching‐type controller and guarantees the stabilization in finite time. Simulations demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed method.
Notice of Retraction: Inappropriate Image Duplication in “Recellularization of Acellular Human Small Intestine Using Bone Marrow Stem Cells”
Authors: Patil Pradeep B. , Chougule Priti B. , Kumar Vijay K. , Almström Stefan , Bäckdahl Henrik , Banerjee Debashish , Herlenius Gustaf , Olausson Michael , Sumitran-Holgersson Suchitra 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Stem Cells Ttranslational Medicine 2013;2:307-315; http://dx.doi.org/10.5966/sctm.2012-0108
The above-referenced article published on March 13, 2013 in Stem Cells Translational Medicine has been retracted by agreement between the Journal Editors and co-publishers, AlphaMed Press and Wiley Periodicals, Inc. The retraction has been agreed to with acknowledgment of problems with Figure 3, which we believe make some of the data unreliable.
Metabolic Syndrome Interferes with Packaging of Proteins within Porcine Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles
Authors: Eirin Alfonso , Zhu Xiang-Yang , Woollard John R. , Tang Hui , Dasari Surendra , Lerman Amir , Lerman Lilach O. 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) release extracellular vesicles (EVs), which shuttle proteins to recipient cells, promoting cellular repair. We hypothesized that cardiovascular risk factors may alter the pattern of proteins packed within MSC-derived EVs. To test this, we compared the protein cargo of EVs to their parent MSCs in pigs with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and Lean controls. Porcine MSCs were harvested from abdominal fat after 16 weeks of Lean- or MetS-diet (n = 5 each), and their EVs isolated. Following liquid chromatography mass spectrometry proteomic analysis, proteins were classified based on cellular component, molecular function, and protein class. Five candidate proteins were validated by Western blot. Clustering analysis was performed to identify primary functional categories of proteins enriched in or excluded from EVs. Proteomics analysis identified 6,690 and 6,790 distinct proteins in Lean- and MetS-EVs, respectively. Differential expression analysis revealed that 146 proteins were upregulated and 273 downregulated in Lean-EVs versus Lean-MSCs, whereas 787 proteins were upregulated and 185 downregulated in MetS-EVs versus MetS-MSCs. Proteins enriched in both Lean- and MetS-EVs participate in vesicle-mediated transport and cell-to-cell communication. Proteins enriched exclusively in Lean-EVs modulate pathways related to the MSC reparative capacity, including cell proliferation, differentiation, and activation, as well as transforming growth factor-β signaling. Contrarily, proteins enriched only in MetS-EVs are linked to proinflammatory pathways, including acute inflammatory response, leukocyte transendothelial migration, and cytokine production. Coculture with MetS-EVs increased renal tubular cell inflammation. MetS alters the protein cargo of porcine MSC-derived EVs, selectively packaging specific proinflammatory signatures that may impair their ability to repair damaged tissues. Stem Cells Translational Medicine 2019;8:430–440
Noninvasive Featherlight Wearable Compliant “Marine Skin”: Standalone Multisensory System for Deep‐Sea Environmental Monitoring
Authors: Shaikh Sohail F. , Mazo‐Mantilla Harold F. , Qaiser Nadeem , Khan Sherjeel M. , Nassar Joanna M. , Geraldi Nathan R. , Duarte Carlos M. , Hussain Muhammad M. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractAdvances in marine research to understand environmental change and its effect on marine ecosystems rely on gathering data on species physiology, their habitat, and their mobility patterns using heavy and invasive biologgers and sensory telemetric networks. In the past, a lightweight (6 g) compliant environmental monitoring system: Marine Skin was demonstrated. In this paper, an enhanced version of that skin with improved functionalities (500–1500% enhanced sensitivity), packaging, and most importantly its endurance at a depth of 2 km in the highly saline Red Sea water for four consecutive weeks is reported. A unique noninvasive approach for attachment of the sensor by designing a wearable, stretchable jacket (bracelet) that can adhere to any species irrespective of their skin type is also illustrated. The wearable featherlight (<0.5 g in air, 3 g with jacket) gadget is deployed on Barramundi, Seabream, and common goldfish to demonstrate the noninvasive and effective attachment strategy on different species of variable sizes which does not hinder the animals' natural movement or behavior.
The sequential loss of allelic diversity
Authors: Achaz Guillaume , Lambert Amaury , Schertzer Emmanuel 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
In this paper we give a new flavour to what Peter Jagers and his co-authors call `the path to extinction'. In a neutral population of constant size N, assume that each individual at time 0 carries a distinct type, or allele. Consider the joint dynamics of these N alleles, for example the dynamics of their respective frequencies and more plainly the nonincreasing process counting the number of alleles remaining by time t. Call this process the extinction process. We show that in the Moran model, the extinction process is distributed as the process counting (in backward time) the number of common ancestors to the whole population, also known as the block counting process of the N-Kingman coalescent. Stimulated by this result, we investigate whether it extends (i) to an identity between the frequencies of blocks in the Kingman coalescent and the frequencies of alleles in the extinction process, both evaluated at jump times, and (ii) to the general case of Λ-Fleming‒Viot processes.
Persistence of small noise and random initial conditions
Authors: Baker J. , Chigansky P. , Hamza K. , Klebaner F. C. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe effect of small noise in a smooth dynamical system is negligible on any finite time interval; in this paper we study situations where the effect persists on intervals increasing to ∞. Such an asymptotic regime occurs when the system starts from an initial condition that is sufficiently close to an unstable fixed point. In this case, under appropriate scaling, the trajectory converges to a solution of the unperturbed system started from a certainrandominitial condition. In this paper we consider the case of one-dimensional diffusions on the positive half-line; this case often arises as a scaling limit in population dynamics.
Multi-type subcritical branching processes in a random environment
Authors: Vatutin Vladimir , Wachtel Vitali 
Published: February 2019

AbstractWe study the asymptotic behavior of the survival probability of a multi-type branching process in a random environment. In the one-dimensional situation, the class of processes considered corresponds to the strongly subcritical case. We also prove a conditional limit theorem describing the distribution of the number of particles in the process given its survival for a long time.
Multi-Method Research in the Social Sciences: A Review of Recent Frameworks and a Way Forward
Authors: Beach Derek 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThis article reviews recent attempts to develop multi-method social scientific frameworks. The article starts by discussing the ontological and epistemological foundations underlying case studies and variance-based approaches, differentiating approaches into bottom-up, case-based and top-down, variance-based approaches. Case-based approaches aim to learn how a causal process works within a case, whereas variance-based approaches assess mean causal effects across a set of cases. However, because of the different fundamental assumptions, it is very difficult for in-depth studies of individual cases to communicate meaningfully with claims about mean causal effects across a large set of cases. The conclusions discuss the broader challenges this distinction has for the study of comparative politics more broadly.
A pointwise characterisation of the PDE system of vectorial calculus of variations in L∞
Authors: Ayanbayev Birzhan , Katzourakis Nikos 
Published: February 2019

AbstractLet n, $N \in {\open N}$ with $\Omega \subseteq {\open R}^n$ open. Given ${\rm H} \in C^2(\Omega \times {\open R}^N \times {\open R}^{Nn})$, we consider the functional
1$${\rm E}_\infty (u,{\rm {\cal O}})\, : = \, \mathop {{\rm ess}\,\sup}\limits_{\rm {\cal O}} {\rm H}(\cdot, u,{\rm D}u),\quad u\in W_{{\rm loc}}^{1,\infty} (\Omega, {\open R}^N),\quad {\rm {\cal O}}{\Subset}\Omega.$$
The associated PDE system which plays the role of Euler–Lagrange equations in $L^\infty $ is
2$$\left\{\matrix{{\rm H}_{P}(\cdot, u, {\rm D}u)\, {\rm D}\left({\rm H}(\cdot, u, {\rm D} u)\right) = \, 0, \hfill \cr {\rm H}(\cdot, u, {\rm D} u) \, [\![{\rm H}_{P}(\cdot, u, {\rm D} u)]\!]^\bot \left({\rm Div}\left({\rm H}_{P}(\cdot, u, {\rm D} u)\right)- {\rm H}_{\eta}(\cdot, u, {\rm D} u)\right) = 0,\hfill}\right.$$
where $[\![A]\!]^\bot := {\rm Proj}_{R(A)^\bot }$. Herein we establish that generalised solutions to (2) can be characterised as local minimisers of (1) for appropriate classes of affine variations of the energy. Generalised solutions to (2) are understood as ${\cal D}$-solutions, a general framework recently introduced by one of the authors.
Impairment of pupation by RNA interference-aided knockdown of Broad-Complex gene in Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say)
Authors: Xu Q.-Y. , Meng Q.-W. , Deng P. , Fu K.-Y. , Guo W.-C. , Li G.-Q. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractDietary delivery of bacterially expressed double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) has a great potential for management ofLeptinotarsa decemlineata. An important first step is to discover possible RNA-interference (RNAi)-target genes effective against larvae, especially the old larvae. In the present paper, five putativeBroad-Complex(BrC) cDNAs (Z1-Z4, andZ6) were identified inL. decemlineata. The expression of the fiveLdBrCisoforms was suppressed by juvenile hormone signaling, whereas the transcription was upregulated by 20-hydroxyecdysone signaling at the fourth (final) instar larval stage. Feeding of bacterially expressed dsBrC(derived from a common fragment of the fiveLdBrCvariants) in the third- and fourth-instar larvae successfully knocked down the target mRNAs. For the fourth-instarLdBrCRNAi hypomorphs, they had a higher larval mortality compared with the controls. Moreover, most dsBrC-fed beetles did not pupate normally. After removal of the apolysed larval cuticle, a miniature adult was found. The adult head, compound eyes, prothorax, mesothorax, metathorax were found on the dorsal view. Distinct adult cuticle pigmentation was seen on the prothorax. The mouthparts, forelegs, midlegs, and hindlegs could be observed on the ventral view of the miniature adults. For the third-instarLdBrCRNAi specimens, around 20% moribund beetles remained as prepupae and finally died. Therefore,LdBrCis among the most attractive candidate genes for RNAi to control the fourth-instar larvae inL. decemlineata.
Speaking and Signifying
Authors: Charlton William 
Published: February 2019

AbstractAfter (1) a brief introduction I (2) compare accounts of what it is to say something I find in Plato, Frege and Grice, and I distinguish linguistic from practical meaning and words that signify things from ‘syncategorematic’ or ‘grammatical’ words. I then (3) argue that the relation between a signifying word and what it signifies must be understood in terms of two complementary acts, already recognised in antiquity, quantifying and predicating. Discussing quantification (4), I show how problems about universals can be avoided by accepting Aristotle's distinction between possible and actual existence. Discussing predication (5), I defend Aristotle's view that there are more forms of predication than one, and consider this issue in connection with non-mathematical discourse.
Aldehyde dehydrogenase in fresh primordial germ cells as a marker of cell ‘stemness’
Authors: Svoradová Andrea , Vašíček Jaromír , Ostró Alexander , Chrenek Peter 
Published: February 2019

SummaryChicken primordial germ cells (PGCs) are the primary pluripotent stem cell types that will differentiate towards germ cells. High aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activity is considered as a functional marker for the detection of cell ‘stemness’. In our study the ALDEFLUOR™ kit was used for determination of ALDH activity in PGCs. PGCs were co-stained with diethylaminobenzaldehyde (DEAB) and ALDH and analyzed by flow cytometry. Our results showed a small cell population (8.0 ± 3.3%) upon preincubation of the cells with the specific inhibitor DEAB, however cells without inhibitor staining showed a fluorescence shift as an ALDH-positive population (70.5 ± 1.6%). These findings indicate higher expression of ALDH in PGCs and ALDH activity can therefore be used as a new functional marker for the detection of cell ‘stemness’ in chicken PGCs. These results may have importance for characterization of PGCs as a potential genetic resource in poultry. Further research is necessary to elucidate the role of this functional marker in these cells.