bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perfection and the Necessity of the Trinity in Aquinas
Authors: Higgins Michael Joseph 
Published: July 2019

AbstractFor Aquinas, the very meaning of perfection demands that there could be no absolute perfection that was not shared by three Persons. My first aim in this paper is to establish this point, which has been acknowledged only rarely by readers of Thomas, yet which follows unavoidably from Thomas's theology of the Word. I show as much by engaging with scholars who, rightfully attentive to Thomas's teaching on faith and reason, and to his rejection of “necessary reasons” for the Trinity, deny or fail to recognize this link between the meaning of perfection and the necessity of the Trinity. Such scholars, however, all end up running aground on claims that Thomas consistently registers. I hope to show, therefore, that new approaches to this area of Thomas's Trinitarian thought are needed: approaches that can acknowledge his presentation of perfection as necessarily Triune without violating the limits he places on natural reason.
Leukocytoclastic‐vasculitic neuropathy
Authors: Shimizu Ayami , Sakakibara Ryuji , Takahashi Osamu , Tateno Fuyuki , Aiba Yosuke , Oki Takeshi , Ogata Tsuyoshi , Takada Nobuo , Nagao Eri , Abe Fumihito , Mitsuyama Shinji , Kimura Masaaki , Higuchi Tetsuya 
Published: July 2019

AbstractWe report the case of a 46‐year‐old Japanese woman with leukocytoclastic vasculitis (LCV) neuropathy who presented with skin symptoms (skin ulcers and livedo reticularis) and multiple mononeuropathies of the axonal degeneration type. Intravenous methylprednisolone pulse therapy and subsequent oral prednisolone and warfarin gradually ameliorated all her clinical symptoms. Although rare, neuropathy is an important clinical manifestation of LCV.
µ‐opioid receptor, β‐endorphin, and cannabinoid receptor‐2 are increased in the colonic mucosa of irritable bowel syndrome patients
Authors: Dothel Giovanni , Chang Lin , Shih Wendy , Barbaro Maria Raffaella , Cremon Cesare , Stanghellini Vincenzo , De Ponti Fabrizio , Mayer Emeran A. , Barbara Giovanni , Sternini Catia 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackground and AimsThe gut immune, cannabinoid, and opioid systems constitute an integrated network contributing to visceral sensation and pain modulation. We aimed to assess the expression of the µ‐opioid receptor (MOR), its ligand β‐endorphin (β‐END), and cannabinoid receptor‐2 (CB2) in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and asymptomatic controls (AC) and their correlation with sex and symptom perception.MethodsMucosal biopsies were obtained from the left colon of 31 IBS patients (45% women) with predominant constipation (IBS‐C, 9) or diarrhea (IBS‐D, 10) or with mixed bowel habits (IBS‐M, 12) and 32 AC (44% women) and processed for qRT‐PCR, Western blotting, and immunohistochemistry.Key Resultsµ‐opioid receptor and CB2 mRNA and protein expression and β‐END protein levels were increased in patients with IBS compared to AC (all Ps=0.021). A significant sex by IBS interaction was found in relation to CB2 mRNA expression (P = .003) with women showing a markedly higher expression to men (P = .035). In contrast, in AC, men had higher expression than women (P = .033). β‐END, MOR, and CB2 immunoreactivities (IR) were localized to CD4+T cells including EMR‐1+ eosinophils and CD31+ T cells but not to mast cells.ConclusionsThe increased expression of MOR, β‐END, and CB2 in the mucosa of IBS patients, where they are localized to immune cells, suggests that opioid and cannabinoid systems play an immune‐related compensatory role in visceral pain in IBS patients. Further work is necessary to support this hypothesis.
PIN‐mediated polar auxin transport facilitates root−obstacle avoidance
Authors: Lee Hyo‐Jun , Kim Hyun‐Soon , Park Jeong Mee , Cho Hye Sun , Jeon Jae Heung 
Published: July 2019

Summary

Plants sense mechanical stimuli to recognise nearby obstacles and change their growth patterns to adapt to the surrounding environment. When roots encounter an obstacle, they rapidly bend away from the impenetrable surface and find the edge of the barrier. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying root−obstacle avoidance are largely unknown.

Here, we demonstrate that PIN‐FORMED (PIN)‐mediated polar auxin transport facilitates root bending during obstacle avoidance. We analysed two types of bending after roots touched barriers. In auxin receptor mutants, the rate of root movement during first bending was largely delayed. Gravity‐oriented second bending was also disturbed in these mutants.

The reporter assays showed that asymmetrical auxin responses occurred in the roots during obstacle avoidance. Pharmacological analysis suggested that polar auxin transport mediates local auxin accumulation. We found that PINs are required for auxin‐assisted root bending during obstacle avoidance.

We propose that rapid root movement during obstacle avoidance is not just a passive but an active bending completed through polar auxin transport. Our findings suggest that auxin plays a role in thigmotropism during plant−obstacle interactions.
Overweight and obesity in sexual and gender minority adolescents: A systematic review
Authors: Grammer Anne Claire , Byrne Meghan E. , Pearlman Arielle T. , Klein David A. , Schvey Natasha A. 
Published: July 2019

SummaryPopulation data indicate that sexual and gender minority adolescents may be at increased risk for excess weight gain compared with cisgender, heterosexual youth. However, no studies, to our knowledge, have systematically reviewed the literature on weight disparities in this population nor explored risk for overweight and obesity by sexual and gender minority subgroup across studies. The current systematic review, therefore, identified 21 studies that assessed the relationship between sexual and gender minority status and weight among adolescents. Results indicated an overall greater prevalence of overweight and obesity among sexual and gender minority adolescents compared with cisgender, heterosexual youth. However, cisgender sexual minority males demonstrated lower or no added risk for overweight and obesity, whereas cisgender sexual minority females demonstrated greater risk for overweight and obesity. Findings were mixed among gender minority adolescents. This study highlights weight disparities in sexual and gender minority youth, although important subgroup differences exist. Additional research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms that may contribute to differential weight trajectories in this population and to develop tailored approaches for prevention and treatment.
On the structure and chemistry of fossils of the earliest woody plant
Authors: Strullu‐Derrien Christine , Bernard Sylvain , Spencer Alan R. T. , Remusat Laurent , Kenrick Paul , Derrien Delphine 
Published: July 2019

AbstractPalaeontology relies on the description of fossil morphologies to understand the evolutionary history of life on Earth. Yet much remains unknown about the impact of fossilization processes, even though these may introduce biases into palaeobiological interpretations. Here, we report the characterization of fossilized remains of the earliest known woody plant Armoricaphyton chateaupannense preserved either in 2D (as flat carbonaceous films) or in 3D (as organo‐mineral structures) in early Devonian shales (c. 407 Ma) of the Armorican Massif on the northern margin of Gondwana. To document the fine‐scale structure and the chemistry of the tracheids of this ancient plant, we used propagation phase contrast synchrotron radiation X‐ray microcomputed tomography (PPC‐SRμCT), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and synchrotron‐based scanning transmission X‐ray microscopy (STXM) coupled with X‐ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy. PPC‐SRμCT enables digital visualization of cell walls in unprecedented detail for the specimens preserved in 3D revealing structures similar to those observed in extant lignified cells, thereby strongly suggesting that the earliest woody plant A. chateaupannense originally contained lignin compounds. STXM‐based XANES and TEM data show that, whatever the preservation modes (3D vs 2D), the remaining organic matter has a chemical composition rather typical of pyrobitumen compounds, raising the possibility of an original source other than lignin. The pyrobitumen compounds also contains automorphic Ti‐nanominerals interpreted as a diagenetic feature. Altogether, the present study illustrates that anatomical and chemical preservations may not always be correlated.
Influence of selenium administration to dry cows on selected biochemical and immune parameters of their offspring
Authors: Żarczyńska Katarzyna , Samardžija Marko , Sobiech Przemysław 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe study was performed on 16 Holstein‐Friesian calves divided into two groups of eight animals each. The first group was composed of calves whose mothers did not receive selenium supplements (Se0). The second group consisted of calves whose mothers were administered intramuscular injections of a selenium and vitamin E supplement containing 0.5 of sodium selenite/ml and 50 mg of tocopherol acetate/ml in a single dose of 30 ml (Se30) ml, 10 days before the expected parturition date (10 ± 2 days). The calves were fed 2.5 L of the mother's colostrum administered by stomach tube 2 hr after birth and another 2 L 6 hr after birth. Blood from all calves was collected 7 times from external jugular vein (day 0–before colostrum administration and on the 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 7th, 14th and 21st days of life) for analyses of selenium, ceruloplasmin, transferrin, lactoferrin, immunoglobulin G (IgG) concentrations and gamma‐glutamyl transferase (GGT) and lysozyme activity. Selenium concentration was significantly higher in calves whose mothers received selenium supplements than in the offspring of non‐supplemented cows until 72 hr after birth (p ≤ .05). Lysozyme and GGTP activity and IgG concentration were significantly higher in the S30 group during the entire experiment (p ≤ .05). Supplementation of selenium to the mothers did not influence the ceruloplasmin, lactoferrin and transferrin levels in calves. A single injection of a selenium supplement administered to cows during late pregnancy increases selenium levels in calves and enhances passive transfer from the mother to the offspring.
God, Grant #MeToo Chastity?College Hookup Culture and Christian Ethics: The Lives and Longings of Emerging Adults, JenniferBeste, Oxford University Press, 2018 (ISBN 978‐0‐19‐026850‐3), xii + 364 pp., hb £22.99Faith with Benefits: Hookup Culture on Catholic Campuses, JasonKing, Oxford University Press, 2017 (ISBN 978‐0‐19‐024480‐4), xvi + 224 pp., hb £19.99
Authors: Bugyis Eric 
Published: July 2019

AbstractOver the past two years, the MeToo movement has brought much needed attention to the prevalence of sexual assault in a variety of workplaces. For much longer than this, scholars and cultural critics have expressed concern about the ‘hookup culture’ on contemporary university campuses and the degree to which it leaves students vulnerable to sexual violence. In both conversations, consent has figured prominently as the primary norm governing ethical reflection, but Christian commentators have counseled going beyond consent to revive traditional sexual norms, like chastity. This review essay considers two books that look at hookup culture on Catholic campuses and seek to provide a more robust framework for thinking about sexuality. It argues that talk of chastity is likely not going to save those most at risk of being harmed by contemporary hookup culture and that what is needed is more ethical reflection about sex itself. Beyond the rhetoric of abstinence or license, serious conversations need to be fostered about the kinds of relationships that make for ethical sex and the kinds of sex that make for ethical relationships.
Regret in health insurance post‐purchase behavior
Authors: Born Patricia H. , Sirmans E. Tice 
Published: July 2019

AbstractUnlike other forms of insurance, individuals with health insurance generally expect to make claims through the policy period. Selecting an appropriate level of cost‐sharing is difficult and individuals may, ex‐post, regret the choice of a less‐than‐suitable coverage amount. Using a national health insurance survey of private market consumers from 2013 to 2017, we evaluate the potential for post‐purchase regret in the health plan purchasing decision. We employ an ordered logistic model and find that consumers whose plan choices were likely financially dominated by a foregone alternative are significantly more likely to express regret through reporting significantly lower likelihood of renewal, even when controlling for confounding considerations including affordability, self‐assessed risk, and satisfaction with the plan.
Parental advice to preadolescent bystanders about how to intervene during bullying differs by form of bullying
Authors: Grassetti Stevie N. , Hubbard Julie A. , Docimo Marissa A. , Bookhout Megan K. , Swift Lauren E. , Gawrysiak Michael J. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe current study examined parental advice given to fourth‐ and fifth‐grade preadolescents who imagined being bystanders to different forms of bullying (physical, verbal, property attack, social manipulation, exclusion). We assessed the frequency with which parents advised youth to follow specific intervention strategies (stop the bully, help/comfort the victim, tell adults), and we tested whether the frequency by which parents provided each kind of advice varied by the form of bullying described. One hundred and six fourth‐ and fifth‐grade preadolescents completed an interaction in which their parent gave them advice about how to respond if they were bystanders to five hypothetical bullying situations. Each situation described a different form of bullying. Across forms of bullying, parents most frequently told bystander children to intervene by telling an adult. However, advice differed based on the form of bullying presented. Parents most frequently advised children to “tell an adult” in response to physical bullying or property attacks, most frequently advised children to “help/comfort victims” in response to social exclusion and physical attacks, and most frequently advised children to “stop the bully” in response to verbal and social manipulation bullying.
Evaluating a low‐cost portableNIRspectrometer for the prediction of soil organic and total carbon using different calibration models
Authors: Sharififar Amin , Singh Kanika , Jones Edward , Ginting Frisa Irawan , Minasny Budiman 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis study aims to assess the performance of a low‐cost, micro‐electromechanical system‐based, near infrared spectrometer for soil organic carbon (OC) and total carbon (TC) estimation.TCwas measured on 151 soil profiles up to the depth of 1 m inNSW, Australia, and from which a subset of 24 soil profiles were measured forOC. Two commercial spectrometers including the AgriSpecTM(ASD) and NeoSpectraTM(Neospectra) with spectral wavelength ranges of 350–2,500 and 1,300–2,500 nm, respectively, were used to scan the soil samples, according to the standard contact probe protocol. Savitzky–Golay smoothing filter and standard normal variate (SNV) transformation were performed on the spectral data for noise reduction and baseline correction. Three calibration models, including Cubist tree model, partial least squares regression (PLSR) and support vector machine (SVM), were assessed for the prediction of soilOCandTCusing spectral data. A 10‐fold cross‐validation analysis was performed for evaluation of the models and devices accuracies. Results showed that Cubist model predictsOCandTCmore accurately thanPLSRandSVM. ForOCprediction, Cubist showedR2 = 0.89 (RMSE = 0.12%) andR2 = 0.78 (RMSE = 0.16%) usingASDand NeoSpectra, respectively. ForTCprediction, Cubist producedR2 = 0.75 (RMSE = 0.45%) andR2 = 0.70 (RMSE = 0.50%) usingASDand NeoSpectra, respectively.ASDperformed better than NeoSpectra. However, the low‐cost NeoSpectra predictions were comparable to theASD. These finding can be helpful for more efficient future spectroscopic prediction of soilOCandTCwith less costly devices.
Understanding Partiality in pro‐Drop Languages: An Information‐Structure Approach
Authors: Frascarelli Mara , Jiménez‐Fernández Ángel L. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis article explores the acceptability and interpretation of referential null subjects in several varieties of Spanish (both Peninsular and American varieties) in different syntactic contexts (matrix and embedded) and distinct clause types (under bridge verbs, under factive verbs, and in adverbial clauses). Based on the results of an original online survey, completed by almost 300 respondents all over the world, it is shown that, in contrast with a consistent‐pro‐drop language like Italian, some Spanish varieties exhibit partial‐pro‐drop properties; this contributes to a recent line of research dealing with partiality in consistent‐pro‐drop languages. We argue that such variation can be accounted for within an information‐structure approach, in which the Topic Criterion (Frascarelli 2007), the formation of topic chains, and the existence of silent topics play a crucial role. Degrees of partiality are attributed to an interface condition that combines information‐structure requirements with PF visibility of overt copies in topic chains. Partial‐pro‐drop properties can then be explained by reference to independent syntactic conditions, such as the preference for overt minimal links and the sensitivity to islands.
Ssy1 functions at the plasma membrane as a receptor of extracellular amino acids independent of plasma membrane‐endoplasmic reticulum junctions
Authors: Ring Andreas , Martins António , Ljungdahl Per O. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractEvidence from multiple laboratories has implicated Ssy1, a nontransporting amino acid permease, as the receptor component of the yeast plasma membrane (PM)‐localized SPS (Ssy1‐Ptr3‐Ssy5)‐sensor. Upon binding external amino acids, Ssy1 is thought to initiate signaling events leading to the induction of amino acid permease gene expression. In striking contrast, Kralt et al (2015) (Traffic 16:135‐147) have questioned the role of Ssy1 in amino acid sensing and reported that Ssy1 is a component of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), where it reportedly participates in the formation of ER‐PM junctions. Here, we have re‐examined the intracellular location of Ssy1 and tested the role of ER‐PM junctions in SPS sensor signaling. We show that the C‐terminal of Ssy1 carries a functional ER‐export motif required for proper localization of Ssy1 to the PM. Furthermore, ER‐PM junctions are dispensable for PM‐localization and function of Ssy1; Ssy1 localizes to the PM in a Δtether strain lacking ER‐PM junctions (ist2Δ scs2Δ scs22Δ tcb1Δ tcb2Δ tcb3Δ), and this strain retains the ability to initiate signals induced by extracellular amino acids. The data demonstrate that Ssy1 functions as the primary amino acid receptor and that it carries out this function at the PM.
GRASP65 controls Golgi position and structure during G2/M transition by regulating the stability of microtubules
Authors: Ayala Inmaculada , Crispino Roberta , Colanzi Antonino 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe mammalian Golgi apparatus is organized in the form of a ribbon‐like structure positioned near the centrosome. Despite its multimodular organization, the Golgi complex is characterized by a prominent structural plasticity, which is crucial during essential physiological processes, such as the G2 phase of the cell cycle, during which the Golgi ribbon must be “unlinked” into isolated stacks to allow progression into mitosis. Here we show that the Golgi‐associated protein GRASP65, which is well known for its role in Golgi stacking and ribbon formation, is also required for the organization of the microtubule cytoskeleton. GRASP65 is not involved in microtubule nucleation or anchoring. Instead, it is required for the stabilization of newly nucleated microtubules, leading to their acetylation and clustering of Golgi stacks. Ribbon formation and microtubule stabilization are both regulated by JNK/ERK‐mediated phosphorylation of S274 of GRASP65, suggesting that this protein can coordinate the Golgi structure with microtubule organization. In agreement with an important role, tubulin acetylation is strongly reduced during the G2 phase of the cell cycle, allowing the separation of the Golgi stacks. Thus, our data reveal a fundamental role of GRASP65 in the integration of different stimuli to modulate Golgi structure and microtubule organization during cell division.
Utility of bronchoscopy combined with surgery in the treatment and outcomes of dogs with intrathoracic disease secondary to plant awn migration
Authors: Gibson Erin A. , Balsa Ingrid M. , Mayhew Philipp D. , Phillips Kathryn , Giuffrida Michelle A. , Culp William T. N. , Steffey Michele A. , Johnson Lynelle R. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the diagnostic and therapeutic utility of bronchoscopy in dogs undergoing computed tomography (CT) and surgery for intrathoracic disease (pyothorax and pneumothorax) secondary to migrating plant awns (MPA) and to report outcomes in dogs that did and did not undergo bronchoscopy in addition to CT and surgery.Study designRetrospective case series.AnimalsThirty‐seven client‐owned dogs.MethodsMedical records from 2008 to 2017 were reviewed for dogs with documented MPA in the thoracic cavity treated with CT and surgery with or without bronchoscopy. Information regarding diagnostics, treatments, complications, and outcomes relating to hospitalization was evaluated.ResultsAt least one abnormal lung lobe was identified by CT in all dogs. Bronchial abnormalities were identified with bronchoscopy in 21 of 22 dogs (95.4%) with available reports. Agreement between CT and bronchoscopy findings ranged from 50% to 81.8%, depending on lung lobe. Thirty‐six dogs had one or more lung lobes surgically removed. Thirty‐seven MPA were retrieved via bronchoscopy in 10 of 27 (37%) dogs, and 39 MPA were retrieved at surgery in 26 of 37 (70.3%) dogs. Actinomyces spp. were cultured from surgical samples in 7 of 33 (21.2%) dogs. Thirty‐five of 37 (94.6%) dogs survived to discharge.ConclusionMigrating plant awns were successfully retrieved via bronchoscopy. Agreement between CT findings and bronchoscopy was inconsistent, so there may be roles for both modalities. Short‐ and long‐term survival was excellent in this cohort.Clinical significanceBronchoscopy may allow for diagnostic and therapeutic advantages compared with CT in dogs with endobronchial MPA. Actinomyces spp appear to be variably present in surgically acquired bacterial cultures in dogs with MPA.