bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
XRF technique
Authors: Acquafredda Pasquale 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
The techniques of chemical investigation by X-ray fluorescence (XRF) are widespread since the 50s of the last century. Depending on the accuracy of the desired data and on the artifact characteristics, they can be used as partially destructive or as absolutely non-destructive and non-invasive techniques. The archeomaterials that can be analyzed are the most disparate: minerals, rocks, metals, building materials, pigments, and so on; practically almost everything that is solid, liquid or gelatinous can be analyzed by XRF. The theoretical physical principles and the main components of X-ray spectrometers, in energy dispersion (ED) and wavelength dispersion (WD), are described, also comparing the advantages and disadvantages of each analytical technique. In the last decades, the diffusion of the ED silicon drift detectors, together with the development of very accurate and high specialized software for quantitative analysis, has given a new impulse to the diffusion of the portable spectrometers offering new possibilities for in situ and very rapid archeomaterial characterizations. Case studies related to different artworks, like ceramics, necklaces, coins, obsidians and other lithic artifacts will also be presented: they show the important contribution that X-ray spectrometer technique gives to solve problems related to the characterization, restoration and to the source identification of the raw materials.
The role of interleukin-9 and interleukin-17 in myocarditis with different etiologies
Authors: Kandemir Gülmez Tuğba , Acipayam Can , Kilinç Metin , Seringeç Akkeçeci Nurten 
Published: March 2019

Abstract

Objective
Myocarditis is an inflammatory disease of the cardiac muscle. Prognosis is most often good but, in some patients, the disease can be fulminant. Our aim with this study was to determine interleukin-9 (IL-9) and interleukin-17 (IL-17) levels in myocarditis cases with different etiologies.

Materials and methods
Thirty one patients with myocarditis and 30 healthy controls of similar age and gender without a history of chronic disease were included in the study. All 31 patients were clinically myocarditis. In some of these patients, the cause of myocarditis is acute rheumatic fever or Kawasaki disease. Serum samples of the patients were taken during diagnosis in order to analyze serum IL-9 and IL-17 levels and sedimentation rate, CRP, ASO, pro-BNP, CK-MB, and Troponin-I tests were performed.

Results
It was found that IL-17 levels were statistically significant in all acute rheumatic fever, Myocarditis and Kawasaki patients compared to the control group (p = 0.001) and that cut-off was 4.30 pg/mL. This value was determined to be 71% sensitive and 67% specific for IL-17 (AUC = 0.761).

Conclusions
Both of the mean and median levels of IL-17 were significantly higher in pediatric patients with myocarditis than in healthy children. Our study made us think that complications of myocarditis and associated morbidity can be prevented by IL17 inhibitors. The high levels of IL17 found in our study may be a reference for future study.
Combined P- and S-Wave Measurements by Seismic Dilatometer Test (SPDMT): A Case History in Bondeno (Emilia Romagna, Italy)
Authors: Amoroso Sara , Comina Cesare , Marchetti Diego 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
A new seismic dilatometer (SPDMT) has been developed to combine the measurements of the flat dilatometer (DMT) geotechnical parameters with both P- and S- waves velocities. This new SPDMT is composed of the traditional mechanical DMT and four sensors for measuring the body waves velocities placed above the DMT blade. This SPDMT device is presented here, and the test procedure and the interpretation of P- and S-wave measurements are discussed. Results of the application of this new instrument are reported in a test site located in Bondeno (Emilia Romagna, Italy). Here, challenging water table conditions offer the opportunity to evaluate the advantage of a combined measure of the two propagation velocities, together with DMT geotechnical parameters, with the same apparatus for the porosity evaluation and a more calibrated liquefaction assessment.
Experimental Study of the Influence of Test Chamber Dimensions on Aggressive Intensity of the Cavitating Jet
Authors: Liu Haixia , Kang Can , Soyama Hitoshi 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
The ASTM G134 standard, Standard Test Method for Erosion of Solid Materials by Cavitating Liquid Jet, provides specifications for assessing the material resistance to the cavitation erosion caused by submerged cavitating jet. Nevertheless, the influence of test chamber dimensions on cavitation erosion is not considered in such an international standard. To fill in the gap, nine test chambers with different chamber lengths and diameters were devised to facilitate a comparative investigation of the cavitation aggressive intensity. The cavitation number was fixed at 0.014. Aluminum (JIS A1070) and stainless steel (JIS SUS316L) specimens were used in the experiment. The results show that at the distance of 19 mm between the nozzle outlet section and the specimen surface, the most severe erosion is accomplished, which is shared by the nine test chambers. Both the mass loss and the erosion rate vary with the test chamber length and diameter. A long test chamber is associated with a low erosion rate. The coefficient of variation on the cumulative erosion rate is 12 %. As the chamber length equals the chamber diameter, the coefficient of variation is 3 %. At the test chamber length of 30 mm and diameter of 40 mm, the maximum erosion rate is higher than its counterparts. The present study provides important data for the ASTM G134 standard to decide the operation parameters and test chamber dimensions.
New Vipulanandan p-q Model for Particle Size Distribution and Groutability Limits for Sandy Soils
Authors: Mahmood Wael , Mohammed Ahmed 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
The particle size distribution (PSD) of the soil fines content and mean particle size (d50) are used in a number of soil property relationships and in the soil classification. To analyze and model PSD using a modified version of the Vipulanandan p-q model, some data collected from several research studies and the results of prediction were compared with the Fredlund and logistic growth models used in the literature. The Vipulanandan p-q model was modified and used to represent the PSD of soils. The Vipulanandan p-q model parameters were correlated very well to various soil properties, such as the diameter in the PSD curve corresponding to 10, 30, 60, and 90 % of finer (d10, d30, d60, and d90, respectively), mean particle size the diameter in the particle size distribution curve corresponding to 50 % finer (d50), and fines content (F%). There was no correlation between the Fredlund model and logistic growth model parameters with the soil properties. Based on the coefficient of determination and root mean square error, the two parameters of the Vipulanandan p-q model predicted the PSDs very well. A current study also had quantified the lower groutability limit based on the d50 and the Vipulanandan p-q model parameters. The relationship between fines content and d50 were also generalized using the Vipulanandan p-q model to quantify the upper and lower groutability limits for sandy soils.
Performance and Characterization of Two-Dimensional Material Graphene Conductivity—A Review
Authors: Nandee Rajib , Chowdhury Mohammad Asaduzzaman , Ahmed Mohi Uddin , Shuvho Bengir Ahmed , Debnath Uttam Kumar 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Graphene material is made from graphite using different techniques. The development of graphene material is now at a very initial stage even though a lot of research is conducted to analyze the electrical and thermal feature of graphene. Graphene is considered an epoch-making invention that has a two-dimensional single lattice. Hexagonal bonding also exists. The main limitation of graphene is that it cannot form a band gap because of its high attraction of intermolecular atoms, but the researchers’ main challenges are to find out the processes by which this critical issue can be solved. As a matter of fact, graphene is the hardest material in the earth today. In the research field, researchers are presently trying to make graphene a conductor or semiconductor by forming energy gaps. In this review article, literature is mentioned to understand the thermal and electrical conductivity of graphene in various layers through the process of emissivity, microwave absorption, etc. This article can be considered state of art for future research in the industry.
Genome and Ontogenetic-Based Transcriptomic Analyses of the Flesh Fly,Sarcophaga bullata
Authors: Martinson Ellen O , Peyton Justin , Kelkar Yogeshwar D , Jennings Emily C , Benoit Joshua B , Werren John H , Denlinger David L 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe flesh fly, Sarcophaga bullata, is a widely-used model for examining the physiology of insect diapause, development, stress tolerance, neurobiology, and host-parasitoid interactions. Flies in this taxon are implicated in myiasis (larval infection of vertebrates) and feed on carrion, aspects that are important in forensic studies. Here we present the genome of S. bullata, along with developmental- and reproduction-based RNA-Seq analyses. We predict 15,768 protein coding genes, identify orthology in relation to closely related flies, and establish sex and developmental-specific gene sets based on our RNA-Seq analyses. Genomic sequences, predicted genes, and sequencing data sets have been deposited at the National Center for Biotechnology Information. Our results provide groundwork for genomic studies that will expand the flesh fly’s utility as a model system.
Evaluation of balance function in patients with radiologically (CT scan) confirmed otosclerosis
Authors: Abdulfattah Sharaf Rania , Palaniappan Rudrapathy 
Published: March 2019

Objective: To assess balance function in patients with radiologically confirmed otosclerosis. Methods: Sixteen patients (14 females and 2 males), who attended the Neuro-Otology clinic/ ENT clinics at the Royal National Throat Nose and Ear Hospital, participated in this study. After general medical, audiological and Neuro-Otological examination, patients underwent the caloric and rotational testing.
Results: Thirteen of the 16 patients had radiologically confirmed otosclerosis (12 females and 1 male). A total of 3 patients (2 females and 1 male) did not have CT confirmation of otosclerosis, and therefore, were excluded from the study. The remaining 13 patients' data were analyzed. Nine patients had a mixed hearing impairment at least on one side, while eight patients had a bilateral mixed hearing loss and one patient had a sensorineural hearing loss on one side. Four patients had a bilateral sensorineural hearing loss. Only 1 patient had a canal paresis (CP) at 35 %. None of the patients had any significant directional preponderance (DP). The patient with significant CP (35%) did not show any rotational asymmetry on impulsive rotation. Eleven patients had a rotational chair test. Only one patient had a significant asymmetry to the right at 25.30% (normal range is <20%). Overall, 18% (n = 2) of the radiologically confirmed otosclerosis patients showed an abnormal balance test, including both caloric and rotational tests. More than 80% (n = 9) of the patients with radiological otosclerosis showed balance symptoms.
Conclusions: the current study indicates a high prevalence of balance symptoms (n = 9 or 82%) in patients with radiological otosclerosis, although only a small proportion (n = 2 or 18%) showed an abnormal vestibular function on caloric and impulse rotation testing. However, due to a small number of samples, further validation of this result is warranted.
CHARACTERISTICS OF DRY SLIDING ELECTRIC CONTACT OF METALS IN CONDITIONS OF CATASTROPHIC WEARING
Authors: Aleutdinova M. I. , Fadin V. V. 
Published: March 2019

The authors have studied the relation between wear intensity, average contact temperature and phase composition of the surface layers ofAISI 1020 steel, copper and NiTi alloy in dry sliding against the steel counterbody under electric current of density higher than 100  A/cm2 . These contact characteristics are considered carefully at the beginning of catastrophic wear, when the surface layers transit to the utmost state. It was noted that relaxation of stresses in the surface layers was due to the structural transformation in normal wear regime. It leads to tribolayers formation. The high strength of the copper tribolayer is first of all due to the formation of FeO oxide on the sliding surface, which prevents adhesion in contact. In addition, signs of a  liquid phase were observed on the copper contact surface. It promoted the low rate of formation and accumulation of structural defects. Emergence of areas of melt and FeO oxide on the sliding surface provides high contact wear resistance. These factors, combined with the high thermal copper conductivity, have caused the tribolayer transition to the limit state at high current density and low contact temperature. The absence of oxides on the sliding surface of the NiTi alloy has caused strong adhesion in the contact, high rate of formation and accumulation of structural defects. Therefore, the tribolayer quickly deteriorates and high wear intensity and rapid increase in the contact temperature are observed with current density increase. Therefore, the catastrophic wear of the NiTi alloy begins at a temperature about 350  °C and at low current density. The sliding surface of AISI 1020 steel contained FeO oxide, therefore strong adhesion is not manifested. Formation of FCC-Fe in tribolayer of AISI steel 1020 is detected, that promotes its accelerated deterioration. Therefore, the tribolayer of AISI steel  1020 transites to the utmost state at a relatively low current density and at a  higher temperature. The presented contact temperatures corresponding to the beginning stages of the utmost state of the tribolayer do not exceed 350  °С. Comparison of these temperatures with the known contact temperatures of other metals made it possible to assert that raising of the contact temperature of any metal higher than 400  °С leads to its utmost state. Therefore the characteristics of metals contact at temperatures of sliding contact higher than 500  °С is not of practical interest.
2018 WSGC Elijah High Altitude Balloon Final Report
Authors: Bock Quinlan Jackson , Buchmann Tim , Campman-Aldridge Soren Zhane , Dregne Jake , Jackson Nicole , Nettesheim Cody 
Published: March 2019

The 2018 Elijah Payload Project focused on designing, fabricating, and flying a high-altitude balloon payload.Â This payload had six different research topics: 360 degree video, atmospheric composition, flight path predictors, radiation sensors, sonification, and lighting fire at high altitudes.Â Flight predictors were run before and during the flight, and the payload included a separate GPS tracking payload to give us its exact location.Â
Parto cesariano em um centro obstétrico de referência no Estado do Amapá: estudo transversal
Authors: Santos Rafael Cleison Silva dos 
Published: March 2019

<p>Objetivo: apresentar o diagnóstico situacional do parto cesariano de mulheres de risco habitual obstétrico. Métodologia: estudo transversal, documental, realizado em uma maternidade pública de referência no estado do Amapá. Realizou-se coleta de dados referentes às intervenções obstétricas e indicações de partos cesarianos em prontuários de 30 puérperas no serviço de arquivo médico e estatística em agosto de 2016. Resultados: os registros mostraram que o uso de ocitocina e do partograma foram as intervenções obstétricas mais utilizadas na assistência ao trabalho de parto; entre as principais indicações de parto cesariano estavam o sofrimento fetal agudo e a cesárea prévia. Conclusão: a maioria das indicações de parto cesariano não atende às recomendações vigentes na literatura. </p>
INHERITANCE WEALTH DISTRIBUTION MODEL AND ITS IMPLICATION TO ECONOMY
Authors: Berkah Dian , Sawarjuwono Tjiptohadi 
Published: March 2019

Purpose of study: Inheritance wealth is one of the instruments of wealth distribution in Islam that potentially capable to be a solution for economic inequality that triggered the multidimensional problems nations daily life. The concept of inheritance wealth distribution for Muslims has been summarized in Indonesian Islamic Law Compilation and in Marriage Act No. 1 year 1974. For non-Muslim society, the inheritance law is based on the concept of nations Civil Code and customary rules. The diversity in the concept of inheritance wealth distribution in Indonesia cannot be separated from the nature of the family and its influence on the assets, which is believed by the community.
Methodology: This study used participation action research method as a qualitative approach in order to frame, analyze and solutions in form of strategic role model for the Government in completing and streamlining the inheritance wealth distribution in Indonesia.
Result: The solutions will be based on problems faced by the Religious Courts and Islamic organizations in conducting inheritance wealth distribution. Moreover, propose inheritance wealth as public fund in addition to zakat, infaq, shodaqoh and endowments.
Implications/Applications: The implementation and dispute settlement in inheritance wealth distribution are exercised by Religious Courts, as well as the Islamic organization such as Muhammadiyah and Nahdatul Ulama (NU). Diversity of institutions becomes an interesting phenomenon in Indonesia inheritance wealth distribution. This potentially makes inheritance wealth distribution done well and can prevent conflicts of individuals in the family, hoarding treasure and minimize economic disparities in society.
CONCEPTUAL MODEL ON ENTREPRENEURIAL INTENTION IN HIGHER EDUCATION
Authors: Hasmidyani Dwi , . Suranto , Eko Soetjipto Budi 
Published: March 2019

Purpose of Study: To analyze and examine empirically the influence of entrepreneurship education, personality traits (need for achievement, locus of control and risk taking propensity), and subjective norms through the mediation of entrepreneurial attitude towards student’s entrepreneurial intention.
Methodology: Based on the literature research and analysis of previous works, a conceptual model based on Theory of Planned Behavior and Personality Traits was introduced.
Result: This conceptual model provides an analysis of the influence of entrepreneurial intention in higher education.
Implications/Applications: This model can be used to further develop the entrepreneurial curriculum strategy in higher institution.
ОСНОВНЫЕ ФОРМЫ МИГРАЦИИ МЕТАЛЛОВ В ПРИСУТСТВИИ ГУМИНОВЫХ ВЕЩЕСТВ В СОДОВЫХ ОЗЕРАХ ВОСТОЧНОГО ЗАБАЙКАЛЬЯ
Authors: (Svetlana V. Borzenko) Борзенко Светлана Владимировна , (Igor A. Fedorov) Фёдоров Игорь Андреевич 
Published: March 2019

Актуальность исследования обусловлена недостаточной изученностью поведения металлов в соленых озерах Восточного Забайкалья в присутствии гуминовых веществ как фактора снижения их токсичности и биодоступности. Цель: выявление основных форм миграции некоторых металлов в присутствии фульвовых и гуминовых кислот в водах содовых озер Восточного Забайкалья с помощью термодинамических расчетов. Объекты: гуминовые вещества, ионы металлов, содовые озера Восточного Забайкалья. Методы: химический анализ водных проб содовых озер – титриметрия, потенциометрия, фотоколориметрия, атомно-абсорбционная спектрометрия, пламенно-эмиссионная спектрометрия, масс-спектрометрия с индуктивно связанной плазмой; термодинамическое моделирование с применением программного комплекса MINTEQ (Generic NICA-Donnan). Результаты. Представлены результаты химических исследований состава природных вод содовых озер Восточного Забайкалья, проведены термодинамические расчеты с применением программного комплекса MINTEQ с учетом присутствия гуминовых и фульвокислот в озерных водах и установлены основные формы нахождения некоторых металлов. Показаны зависимости образования органически и неорганически связанных комплексов металлов от минерализации и pH, селективность сорбции металлов гуминовыми веществами и образование аутигенных минералов в содовых озерах, приведены индексы насыщения озерных вод по отношению к этим минералам. Установлено, что основным барьером на пути концентрирования в рассматриваемых озерах для основных катионов выступают минералы, с которыми вода находится в равновесии и даже пересыщена ими. Количество связанных в комплексы металлов и их положения в рядах определяются содержанием органического вещества, свойствами этих металлов, а также основными геохимическими параметрами среды.
ОПТИМИЗАЦИОННЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ ПАРОГАЗОВОЙ УСТАНОВКИ С ГАЗИФИКАЦИЕЙ УГЛЯ И ВЫСОКОТЕМПЕРАТУРНЫМ ПОДОГРЕВОМ ДУТЬЕВОГО ВОЗДУХА
Authors: (Alexandr M. Kler) Клер Александр Матвеевич , (Andrey Yu. Marinchenko) Маринченко Андрей Юрьевич , (Yulia M. Potanina) Потанина Юлия Михайловна 
Published: March 2019

Актуальность. Парогазовые установки с газификацией угля рассматриваются как одно из перспективных направлений развития теплоэнергетических установок на органическом топливе. Интерес к этому направлению объясняется большими природными запасами угля и минимальными вредными выбросами в атмосферу при сжигании генераторного газа. Для улучшения процесса газификации в основном используется воздух, обогащённый кислородом, что является достаточно затратным мероприятием и ведёт к удорожанию установки. Другим способом повышения калорийности генераторного газа является подача в газогенератор воздуха, нагретого до высокой температуры (1000 °С и более). Традиционные трубчатые рекуперативные теплообменники не позволяют осуществить такой подогрев. Единственный реальный способ нагрева воздуха до указанного уровня температур – это использование регенеративных теплообменников периодического действия с керамической засыпкой. Цель: выбор рациональной технологической схемы парогазовой установки c внутрицикловой газификацией угля с использованием высокотемпературного дутьевого воздуха, определение оптимальных параметров цикла и конструктивных параметров отдельных элементов; а также проведение оптимизационных исследований установки по критериям экономической и энергетической эффективности и определение условий конкурентоспособности для исследуемой парогазовой установки. Методы. Сложные теплосиловые системы, включая парогазовые установки, характеризуются многообразием процессов, протекающих в их элементах. Такие установки возможно эффективно исследовать лишь с помощью методов математического моделирования и оптимизации. При проведении оптимизационных исследований использован методический подход, разработанный в ИСЭМ СО РАН для сопоставления эффективности сложных теплоэнергетических установок. Он основан на совместной оптимизации параметров цикла и конструктивных параметров отдельных элементов. Результаты. Проведены оптимизационные технико-экономические исследования парогазовой установки с внутрицикловой газификацией угля. Рассматривалась установка как с использованием высокотемпературного воздуха, подогреваемого в системе керамических теплообменников периодического действия, так и без такого подогрева. Показано, что подача нагретого до высокой температуры воздуха в газогенератор не приводит к значительному улучшению технико-экономических показателей парогазовой установки с газификацией угля, но позволяет получить более калорийный генераторный газ при сопоставимых значениях КПД и цены электроэнергии.