bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Current Concepts in Diagnosis and Treatment of Traumatic Brain Injury: Implications for Healthcare in Nepal
Authors: Sakowitz Oliver W. , Sharma Mohan R. , Kiening Karl L. 
Published: May 2018

Taumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of disability and death in the industrialized and in the developing world. With an incidence of 200-400 cases per 100.000, head injuries are a major contributor to socio-economic costs. The 20% suffering from severe head injury (SHI) requiring prolonged intensive care and/or neurosurgical intervention are of particular interest to specialist practitioners from multiple disciplines.This review covers the current concepts of diagnosis and treatment in these patients in the Western world, i.e. mainly the US and Western Europe. Special emphasis is laid upon evidence-based guidelines established during the last decade. Comparison is drawn to the current status of trauma care in Nepal.Management strategies for TBI can not be applied to Nepalese healthcare entirely. Effective management of head injured persons in Nepal is affected by its difficult geographical location, unavailability of trained personnel in the field, and difficulty in transporting the patients due to the lack of motorable roads. While some of the equipment for the treatment of TBI victims is readily available (e.g. ventricular drainage), others are scarce (e.g. operating room capacity, intensive care facilities) or completely unavailable (e.g. emergency medical service providers, specialized monitoring equipment). Realistic proposals for improvement of the current situation are made. Nepal Journal of Neuroscience, Volume 2, Number 1, 2005, page: 29-51
Spontaneous Nonaneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: Review of 75 Cases
Authors: Sharma Mohan R. , Grant Gerald A. , Nicoletto Heather A. , Douville Colleen M. , Newell David W. 
Published: May 2018

The primary objective of this study was to describe the clinical, radiological, and transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasonography characteristics of patients with spontaneous, nonaneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SNSAH), and analyze their short- term outcome at discharge. The secondary objective was to determine their risk factors for the development of vasospasm.Seventy-five patients with SNSAH were analyzed in terms of clinical, radiological, and TCD parameters, as well as Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) at discharge. The patients were then divided into two groups based on whether or not they developed vasospasm by TCD ultrasonography. Twenty of 75 patients (26.7%) had vasospasm by TCD criteria. Age, sex, cigarette smoking, hypertension, clinical Hunt and Hess and World Federation of Neurological Surgeons (WFNS) grading, Fisher’s grade on computerized tomography (CT) scan, or discharge GOS score did not correlate with the development of vasospasm. Hydrocephalus, identified in 11 (14.7%) patients upon admission, was significantly more common in patients with vasospasm (p< 0.0001). Patients with vasospasm stayed in the hospital significantly longer than those without vasospasm (P<0.001). Vasospasm in SNSAH is more prevalent than previously thought. There is no statistical correlation between the incidence of vasospasm in patients with SNSAH and age, sex, smoking, hypertension, and different admission clinical and Fisher’s grades. However, the presence of hydrocephalus at admission correlated significantly with the development of vasospasm. Despite the high incidence of vasospasm, there is no difference in short-term clinical outcome at discharge between the patients with and without vasospasm. Nepal Journal of Neuroscience, Volume 2, Number 1, 2005, page: 59-66
منهج القياس في فقه مختلف الحديث عند ابن قتيبة الدينوري
Authors: Ghozali Abdul malik 
Published: May 2018

AbstractProphet Tradition (hadith) is the second main source in Islam. Unlike Koran that has completely validated as revelation, meanwhile hadith must be examined its validation of trasmission and matan. Therefore, problematic hadith appeared, in transmission or matan. Especially, the problematic hadith in wich its matan contradicted, that called ‘musykil al-hadits’ or ‘mukhtalaf al-hadits’. Mukhtalaf al-Hadith, appearly, its matan contradicted with Koran, other equal hadith, axioma or reality. So, Mukhtalaf al-Hadits is more debatable. Mu’tazila who representative of Rasionalits, rejected existence of mukhtalaf al-hadits as source of religion. Otherwise, Tradisionist (Ahl Hadīts) accepted it as source of religion, when its transmission comfirmed/validated. To realease contradiction of mukhtalaf hadits matan, Ibnu Qutayba, one of Muhaddits used many rational methods; analogy (qiyās ushūlī) and syllogism (qiyās manthiqī). This research used content analysis with some approaches; Jurisprudence, Logic, Ushul Fiqh.
Indonesian Religious Culture and the Undercurrent
Authors: Kumar Gautam 
Published: May 2018

Indonesia is known to the world not only for its unity in diversity outlook but its unique cultural legacy which is being nurtured by its people barring from all faiths and beliefs. The paper would analyse the historical perspective to focus on the present Indonesian cultural heritage including descriptive analysis as how traditions of Indian Ramayana and Mahabharata and related folklores are carried out on the Indonesian archipelago, and it will analyse as how Indonesian government’s patronage to this unique cultural traditions has made possible to preserve these inexpensive traditions which not only adorn the general mass a unique identity but it gives them a strong feeling of belonging to a common culture. The study establishes India’s eastern part’s (i.e. Bihar, Orissa, Assam and Bengal) strong cultural links with Indonesia by providing evidences of deep route of oral traditions of Hindu mythological epics in Indonesia i.e. Ramayana and Mahabharata puppetry and dance forms which run on the similar pattern of Ramleela in Bihar and north India in general. The paper would delve into various nuances of Indonesian culture, traditions, local languages which were impacted by Indic religions, culture, society and trade.
MEMAHAMI PEMIKIRAN IDEOLOGIS DALAM ISLAMISME RADIKAL | UNDERSTANDING IDEOLOGICAL THOUGHT IN RADICAL ISLAMISM
Authors: Daven Mathias 
Published: May 2018

<b>Abstrak:</b>
Islamisme atau fundamentalisme Islam merupakan ideologi yang memperjuangkan moralisasi politik berdasarkan keunggulan moral agama Islam. Istilah “Islamisme” dan “fundamentalisme Islam” menggambarkan fenomen politisasi agama dan sakralisasi politik. Moralisasi politik berdasarkan kebenaran iman suatu agama selalu berbahaya, sebab ia menjadi ancaman nyata bagi kelangsungan masyarakat yang heterogen. Namun Islamisme radikal lebih dari sekedar Fundamentalisme Islam. Islamisme radikal selalu bercorak fundamentalis, tetapi tidak semua fundamentalisme Islam bersifat radikal. Keradikalan dalam Islamisme terletak dalam usaha memperjuangkan moralisasi politik berdasarkan ajaran Islam baik dengan cara legal, maupun dengan menggunakan sarana teror atau kekerasan. Itulah sebabnya Islamisme radikal selalu dikaitkan dengan terorisme internasional; artinya terorisme internasional tidak bisa dipikirkan tanpa Islamisme radikal. Salah satu jalan untuk menyikapinya ialah diskursus kritis terbuka yang bertujuan menyingkapkan dan mengkritik pemikiran ideologis yang terkandung di dalamnya serta meningkatkan kewaspadaan akan konsekuensi praktis dari sebuah jenis pemikiran ideologis. Usaha bersama untuk memahami struktur pemikiran ideologis dan melawan radikalisasi agama menjadi penting dan urgen jika semua komponen bangsa masih berkepentingan merawat negara Pancasila sebagai “rumah bersama” bagi semua warga dengan aneka latar belakang agama, suku, dan bahasa yang berbeda.

<b>Kata-kata Kunci:</b> Islamisme radikal, fundamentalisme agama, ideologi, totaliter, kebenaran, dan politik.
KOSMOPOLITANISME SEBAGAI JALAN KELUAR ATAS TEGANGAN ABADI ANTARA NEOKOLONIALISME, RADIKALISME AGAMA, DAN MULTIKULTURALISME | COSMOPOLITANISM AS A SOLUTION TO THE ETERNAL TENSION BETWEEN NEO-COLONIALISM, RELIGIOUS RADICALISM, AND MULTICULTURALISM
Authors: Wattimena Reza A.A 
Published: May 2018

<b>Abstract:</b>
This writing offers allternative point of view on the debate between universalism and particularism. This debate becomes the tension between neocolonialism, multiculturalism and religious radicalism in 21st century. The method of the writing is critical textual analysis with clear definitions of universalism, particularism, multiculturalism and religious radicalism, and then cosmopolitanism as an alternative point of view. As a conceptual approach, cosmopolitanism has impacts in various areas of life. This impact will also be elaborated in this writing.

<b>Key Words:</b> Universalism, Particularism, Neocolonialism, Religious Radicalism, Multiculturalism, Cosmopolitanism.

<b>Abstrak:</b>
Tulisan ini hendak mengajukan jalan keluar teoretis untuk perdebatan universalisme dan partikularisme. Perdebatan ini berkembang menjadi tegangan antara neokolonialisme, multikulturalisme dan radikalisme agama di abad XXI. Metode yang digunakan adalah analisis tekstual kritis dengan terlebih dahulu memberikan definisi tentang universalisme, partikularisme, multikulturalisme, dan radikalisme agama. Artikel berakhir dengan jalan keluar yang diajukan, yakni kosmopolitanisme. Sebagai sebuah pendekatan, kosmopolitanisme juga memiliki dampak luas di berbagai bidang. Dampak ini juga akan menjadi bagian dari tulisan.

<b>Kata-kata Kunci:</b> Universalisme, Partikularisme, Neokolonialisme, Radikalisme Agama, Multikulturalisme, Kosmopolitanisme.
Werkstattorientierte Werkzeugmaschinenautomatisierung durch flexible Roboterunterstützung
Authors: Herfs Werner , Lienenlüke Lars , Storms Simon , Königs Michael 
Published: May 2018

Kurzfassung
Der Beitrag beschreibt das aktuelle Forschungsprojekt FlexARob, welches am Werkzeugmaschinenlabor WZL der RWTH Aachen und durch die Forschungsvereinigung Programmiersprachen für Fertigungseinrichtungen (FVP) bearbeitet wird. Ziel des Projektansatzes ist die Entwicklung einer flexiblen Automatisierungslösung für die Beladung von Werkzeugmaschinen. Eine intuitive Programmierumgebung für Roboter und Betriebsmittel in Kooperation mit einer automatischen Greifplanung in der Fertigungsplanung eröffnet insbesondere für kleine und mittelständische Unternehmen neue Möglichkeiten der wirtschaftlichen Fertigung im Hochlohnland Deutschland.
Gestaltung von Kommunikationsprozessen in Produktionsnetzwerken
Authors: Herberger David , Nyhuis Peter 
Published: May 2018

Kurzfassung
Die Effizienz von Produktionsnetzwerken wird maßgeblich durch die Qualität der zugrundeliegenden Kommunikationsprozesse beeinflusst. Die Gestaltung dieser Prozesse stellt folglich eine Möglichkeit dar, die Leistungs- und Wettbewerbsfähigkeit von Produktionsnetzwerken ergebnisorientiert zu steigern. Der folgende Beitrag gibt eine Einführung in die Thematik und stellt ein Vorgehen zur Analyse, Bewertung und Gestaltung von Kommunikationsprozessen in Produktionsnetzwerken vor.
Integrative Planung von Smarten Logistiksystemen
Authors: Marrenbach Dirk , Braun Martin 
Published: May 2018

Kurzfassung
Logistiksysteme zeichnen sich durch eine wachsende Agilität aus. Smarte Logistiksysteme realisieren ein dynamisches Wertschöpfungsnetz aus (teil-)autonomen Systemen. Zur Steigerung der Agilität werden die bislang getrennten Teilplanungen für Logistiksysteme integriert und zu einem Anpassungs- und Lernprozess weiterentwickelt. In diesem Beitrag wird ein Vorgehensmodell zur präventiven Gestaltung von Logistiksystemen auf Basis von dynamischen Leistungsnetzen und dem Viable System Model vorgestellt, das im Projekt PREVILOG entwickelt wurde.
The Priority Distribution of Wealth the Debtor’s Bankrupt (Boedel Bankruptcy) Towards Separatist and Preferential of Creditor Based on Principles of Fairness and Legal
Authors: Yuhelson . , Maryano . 
Published: May 2018

<p>Indonesia modern civil law development lasted to align with community life progress. In 1998 made bankruptcy laws reform of colonial legacy, which was revised in 2004 by Law No. 37. Additionally, the bankruptcy law instruments sourced on the Civil Code and some other provisions. After the court decision on bankruptcy declaration, bankruptcy process was arrangement and distribution of wealth the debtor’s bankrupt (boedel bankruptcy) by curator. So far, the difficulty legal curator instrument cared and settled bankruptcy estate. The prioritization of splitting on the preference and separatist creditor. This research was classified as a normative legal research. Basically, the research based on secondary data. The research conclusion, first, completion of settlement the boedel bankruptcy arranged which reflected in a series of activities that sequence according to the stages and institutionally involve the creditor committee, curator, and the supervisory judge; second, the principles of justice that could be applied in determining the division of boedel bankruptcy to creditors, particularly the preferred and separatist creditors, namely the principle of pari passu and pro rata, the principle of balance, the principle of proportional, and the principles of fairness; third, instruments of Indonesia bankruptcy law consists of elements of civil law (Civil Code), bankruptcy law and suspension of debt payments (Act No. 37 of 2004), a variety of laws and regulations under the law, occasionally based on the policy elements. This condition reduces the level of security in the application of the law.</p><p>Keywords: bankruptcy, boedel bankruptcy, preferred creditors, separatist creditors <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> </p>
Obesity phenotypes and their adipocyte dysfunction among the attendants at outpatient department
Authors: Naher Sabikun , Hoque M. Mozammel , Imam Hasan 
Published: May 2018

The present study was aimed to find out the frequency of obesity phenotypes and to correlate adipocyte dysfunction with different obesity phenotypes. A total of 1,507 apparently healthy adults attending the outpatient department were grouped into three based on body mass index which were then further categorized into six groups according to metabolically unhealthy or healthy phenotypes by the presence or absence of metabolic syndrome. Of them, metabolically obese normal weight, overweight, healthy obese and unhealthy obese groups were included as obesity phenotypes. Then by purposive sampling, leptin and adiponectin concentration of 184 subjects with different phenotypes were measured to find out the adipocyte dysfunction. Metabolically obese overweight followed by metabolically unhealthy obese were more prevalent i,e., 24.9% and 19.5%. All obesity phenotypes except metabolically obese normal weight were significantly documented with adipocyte dysfunction (p<0.05).
Reproduction of Fuchs Relation for the Group $S_4^{SL_2}$ by Using Groebner Bases
Authors: Okko Noura 
Published: May 2018

In 1872, Lazarus Fuchs used a new tool which is The Invariant Theory to construct the minimal polynomial of an algebraic solution of a differential equation of second order. He expressed the coefficient of the equation in terms of the (semi-)invariants of its differential Galois group. In this paper we will give another method to obtain Fuchs Relation: for the octahedral groupe $S_4^{SL_2}$ by using Groebner Basis; a tool which is introduced in 1965 nearly two century after Fuchs Relation.
Naar een non-antropocentrische criminologie
Authors: van Uhm Daan 
Published: May 2018

Towards a non-anthropocentric criminology
Changing ecological conditions in a globalizing world pose new challenges for human societies. Global warming, large-scale pollution, deforestation and species extinction have increasingly become topics on the international agenda. Even though many of these harmful activities are criminogenic, criminology pays rather little attention to environmental crimes and harms.Therefore, this article discusses the anthropocentric perspective within criminology and argues that a non-anthropocentric criminology can lead to new theoretical insights.
Amplifying Nanoparticle Targeting Performance to Tumor via Diels–Alder Cycloaddition
Authors: Lu Guihong , Li Feng , Zhang Fan , Huang Li‐Li , Zhang Lijun , Lv Yanlin , Wei Wei , Xie Hai‐Yan 
Published: May 2018

AbstractTraditional targeting approach utilizing biological ligands has to face the problems of limited receptors and tumor heterogeneity. Herein, a two‐step tumor‐targeting and therapy strategy based on inverse electron‐demand [4+2] Diels–Alder cycloaddition (iEDDA) is described. Owing to the unique acidic tumor microenvironment, an intravenous injection of tetrazine modified pH (low) insertion peptide could efficiently target and incorporate onto various cell surfaces in tumor tissue, such as cancer cells, vascular endothelial cells, and tumor‐associated fibroblasts. The “receptor‐like” tetrazine groups with a large amount and homogeneous intratumoral distribution could then serve as the baits to greatly amplify the tumor‐targeting ability of indocyanine green (ICG)‐loaded and trans‐cyclooctene (TCO)‐conjugated human serum albumin (HSA) nanoparticles (TCO‐HSA‐ICG NPs) via iEDDA after the second intravenous injection. Compared with the passive enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect and traditional active targeting approaches, the targeting performance and photothermal therapeutic effect based on the two‐step strategy are significantly enhanced, while no notable toxicity is observed. As acidity is a characteristic of solid tumor, the two‐step strategy can serve as a universal and promising modality for safe and high‐performance nanoparticle‐based antitumor therapy.
A High‐Performance Sodium‐Ion Hybrid Capacitor Constructed by Metal–Organic Framework–Derived Anode and Cathode Materials
Authors: Li Hongxia , Lang Junwei , Lei Shulai , Chen Jiangtao , Wang Kunjie , Liu Lingyang , Zhang Tianyun , Liu Weisheng , Yan Xingbin 
Published: May 2018

AbstractSodium‐ion hybrid capacitors (SIHCs) can potentially combine the virtues of high‐energy density of batteries and high‐power output as well as long cycle life of capacitors in one device. The key point of constructing a high‐performance SIHC is to couple appropriate anode and cathode materials, which can well match in capacity and kinetics behavior simultaneously. In this work, a novel SIHC, coupling a titanium dioxide/carbon nanocomposite (TiO2/C) anode with a 3D nanoporous carbon cathode, which are both prepared from metal–organic frameworks (MOFs, MIL‐125 (Ti) and ZIF‐8, respectively), is designed and fabricated. The robust architecture and extrinsic pseudocapacitance of TiO2/C nanocomposite contribute to the excellent cyclic stability and rate capability in half‐cell. Hierarchical 3D nanoporous carbon displays superior capacity and rate performance. Benefiting from the merits of structures and performances of anode and cathode materials, the as‐built SIHC achieves a high energy density of 142.7 W h kg−1 and a high power output of 25 kW kg−1 within 1–4 V, as well as an outstanding life span of 10 000 cycles with over 90% of the capacity retention. The results make it competitive in high energy and power–required electricity storage applications.
Emancipating Target‐Functionalized Carbon Dots from Autophagy Vesicles for a Novel Visualized Tumor Therapy
Authors: Li Jipeng , Yang Siwei , Deng Yuan , Chai Peiwei , Yang Yucheng , He Xiaoyu , Xie Xiaoming , Kang Zhenhui , Ding Guqiao , Zhou Huifang , Fan Xianqun 
Published: May 2018

AbstractKilling the tumor cells by a visualized targeting system is a promising strategy with which to achieve high efficiency, low side effects, and a high survival rate for tumor therapy. Here, an autophagy regulation strategy is reported by emancipating target‐functionalized carbon dots from autophagy vesicles for the efficient visualized tumor therapy. The folic acid modified N‐doped carbon dots (FN‐CDs) are selectively endocytosed (specific cellular uptake rate >93.40%) and stably existed in autophagic vacuoles in tumor cells. Next, the autophagic vacuoles are “opened” by the autophagy inhibitors. Released FN‐CDs activate both the intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway and kill tumor cells efficiently. This method achieves therapeutic effects with high performance in 26 types of tumor cell lines. Animal experiments show that the 30 d survival rate of this therapeutic strategy is much higher than that with traditional drug treatment. Real‐time imaging/monitoring and its effects on the intelligent tumor therapy are also demonstrated based on the stable, strong, green emission from FN‐CDs.
Removal of the Magnetic Dead Layer by Geometric Design
Authors: Guo Er‐Jia , Roldan Manuel A. , Charlton Timothy , Liao Zhaoliang , Zheng Qiang , Ambaye Haile , Herklotz Andreas , Gai Zheng , Ward T. Zac , Lee Ho Nyung , Fitzsimmons Michael R. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe proximity effect is used to engineer interface effects such as magnetoelectric coupling, exchange bias, and emergent interfacial magnetism. However, the presence of a magnetic “dead layer” adversely affects the functionality of a heterostructure. Here, it is shown that by utilizing (111) polar planes, the magnetization of a manganite ultrathin layer can be maintained throughout its thickness. Combining structural characterization, magnetometry measurements, and magnetization depth profiling with polarized neutron reflectometry, it is found that the magnetic dead layer is absent in the (111)‐oriented manganite layers, however, it occurs in the films with other orientations. Quantitative analysis of local structural and elemental spatial evolutions using scanning transmission electron microscopy and electron energy loss spectroscopy reveals that atomically sharp interfaces with minimal chemical intermixing in the (111)‐oriented superlattices. The polar discontinuity across the (111) interfaces inducing charge redistribution within the SrTiO3 layers is suggested, which promotes ferromagnetism throughout the (111)‐oriented ultrathin manganite layers. The approach of eliminating problematic magnetic dead layers by changing the crystallographic orientation suggests a conceptually useful recipe to engineer the intriguing physical properties of oxide interfaces, especially in low dimensionality.
Low‐Temperature Absorption, Photoluminescence, and Lifetime of CsPbX3 (X = Cl, Br, I) Nanocrystals
Authors: Diroll Benjamin T. , Zhou Hua , Schaller Richard D. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe absorption and photoluminescence, both steady‐state and time‐resolved, of CsPbX3 (X = Cl, Br, I) nanocrystals are reported at temperatures ranging from 3 to 300 K. These measurements offer a unique window into the fundamental properties of this class of materials which is considered promising for light‐emitting and detection devices. The bandgaps are shown to increase from low to high temperature, and none of the examined cesium‐based perovskite nanocrystals exhibit a bandgap discontinuity in this temperature range suggesting constant crystal phase. Time‐resolved measurements show that the radiative lifetime of the band‐edge emission depends strongly on the halide ion and increases with heating. The increasing lifetime at higher temperatures is attributed primarily to free carriers produced from exciton fission, corroborated by the prevalence of excitonic character in absorption. The results particularly highlight many of the similarities in physical properties, such as low exciton binding energy and long lifetime, between CsPbI3 and hybrid organic–inorganic plumbotrihalide perovskites.