bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Innate CD8αα+cells and osteopontin promote ILC1-like intraepithelial lymphocyte homeostasis and intestinal inflammation
Authors: Nazmi Ali , Hoek Kristen , Greer Michael J. , Piazuelo M. Blanca , Minato Nagahiro , Olivares-Villagómez Danyvid 
Published: April 2019

AbstractInnate CD8αα+cells, also referred to as iCD8α cells, are TCR-negative intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL) possessing cytokine and chemokine profiles and functions related to innate immune cells. iCD8α cells constitute an important source of osteopontin in the intestinal epithelium. Osteopontin is a pleiotropic cytokine with diverse roles in bone and tissue remodeling, but also has relevant functions in the homeostasis of immune cells. In this report, we present evidence for the role of iCD8α cells and osteopontin in the homeostasis of TCR-negative NKp46+NK1.1+IEL (ILC1-like). We show that in the absence of iCD8α cells, the number of NKp46+NK1.1+IEL is significantly reduced. These ILC1-like cells are involved in intestinal pathogenesis in the anti-CD40 mouse model of intestinal inflammation. Reduced iCD8α cell numbers and/or osteopontin expression results in a milder form of intestinal inflammation in this disease model. Collectively, our results suggest that iCD8α cells and osteopontin promote survival of NKp46+NK1.1+IEL, which significantly impacts the development of intestinal inflammation.
Measurement of ocular transmission in living human eyes with a double-pass system
Authors: Sánchez Roberto F. , de Paul Aníbal G. , Burgos-Fernández Francisco J. , Vilaseca Meritxell , Pujol Jaume , Issolio Luis A. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractPurposeTo develop a methodology based on a double-pass system to obtain useful information about the transmission of ocular media, performing noninvasive measures in vivo.MethodsThis noninvasive procedure consists of recording double-pass images at different voltages of a laser diode of 780 nm and the determination of the scattering in an area between 25 and 35 arc minutes of each image.ResultsOcular scattering showed a linear behavior respect to the voltage of the laser and the slope of the linear fit was proportional to the transmittance squared of the media evaluated. The relationship between the ocular light scattering of the images and the transmittance values of several filters located into an artificial eye was used as a calibration function. The measurements performed in a group of ten subjects with ages between 25 and 45 years old presented a mean direct transmittance of the whole eye including retina of 42.7 %, which agrees with the bibliography. No differences between dark eyes and light eyes were found.ConclusionWe have developed a method to determine the transmittance of the human eye in vivo for a wavelength of 780 nm using the double-pass method, commonly used for the determination of the optical quality of an eye.
CD4 T-cell transcriptome expression reversal of the lncRNA-mRNA co-expression network in elite controllervs.normal-process HIV patients
Authors: Chen Chaoyu , Lu Xiangyun , Wu Nanping 
Published: April 2019

AbstractElite controller refers to a patient with human imunodeficienvcy virus infection with an undetected viral load without anti-viral treatment. Studies on gene expression and regulation in these individuals are limited but significant. We enrolled 196 patients and collected CD4 T-cell samples from two elite controllers, two normal-process infected patients, and two healthy controls to perform second-generation transcriptome sequencing. Using the Cuffdiff model, we identified differentially expressed mRNAs and long non-coding RNAs with corrected P value < 0.05, and constructed a protein-protein interaction network as well a long non-coding RNA-mRNA co-expression network based on the Pearson correlation coefficient. Interestingly, some interactions within the networks were identified as associated with viral infections and immune responses. This was the first study to examine gene transcription in elite controllers and to study their functional relationships. Our results provide a reference for subsequent functional verification at the molecular or cellular level.Author SummarySome individuals can spontaneously inhibit HIV replication after infection with HIV, and thus lack any symptoms. Studies on these patients, termed elite controllers (ECs) will help researchers and clinicians to understand the interrelationship between HIV and the host. In the present study, we focused on the interactions and functional relationships between significantly differentially expressed long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and mRNAs in ECsvs. normal-process patients (NPs). RNA-sequencing was performed for six representative samples of CD4 T-cells. Using the Pearson correlation test, an lncRNA-mRNA co-expression network was constructed. Several new regulatory relationships between transcripts were revealed that might be closely related to the ability of ECs to maintain a low viral load for long periods without anti-viral treatment. For example, lncRNAC3orf35was upregulated in ECsvs. NPs and was positively related to downregulation ofGNG2mRNA (encoding G protein subunit gamma 2), which functions in chemokine signaling pathways and HIV-1 infection. Overall, we identified certain interesting genetic interactions that will provide information about the mechanism of host suppression of viral replication.
Helminth infection-induced carcinogenesis: spectrometric insights from the liver flukes, Opisthorchis and Fasciola
Authors: Gouveia Maria João , Pakharukova Maria Y. , Sripa Banchob , Rinaldi Gabriel , Brindley Paul J. , Mordvinov Viatcheslav A. , Gärtner Fátima , da Costa José M. C. , Vale Nuno 
Published: April 2019

AbstractChronic infections with the flatworm parasites Opisthorchis viverrini, Clonorchis sinensis and Schistosoma haematobium are classified as group 1 biological carcinogens, i.e. definitive causes of cancer. In addition, we reported findings that support the inclusion of Opisthorchis felineus in this list of biological carcinogens. By contrast, infections with close phylogenetic relatives including Fasciola hepatica have not been associated with carcinogenesis. Earlier reports revealed of oxysterol metabolites of Opisthorchis liver fluke origin conjugated with DNA bases, suggesting that the generation of these DNA-adducts may underlie the mutagenicity and carcinogenicity of the infection with these food-borne pathogens. Here we employed liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) to investigate, compare and contrast spectrograms of soluble extracts from F. hepatica adult worms from bile ducts of cattle with those from O. viverrini and O. felineus from experimentally-infected hamsters. F. hepatica displayed a complex spectrophotometric profile. F. hepatica and Opisthorchis spp. shared several common compounds including oxysterol-like metabolites, bile acids and DNA-adducts, but the spectrometric profiles of these Opisthorchis species included far fewer compounds than F. hepatica. These findings support the postulate that oxysterol-like metabolites of parasite origin can initiate carcinogenesis and they point to a molecular basis for the inconsistencies among major groups of liver flukes concerning infection-induced malignancy.Author SummarySeveral species of trematodes are parasites of the human hepatobiliary tract. Infection with two of these flukes, Clonorchis sinsensis and Opisthorchis viverrini, fresh water fish-borne parasites that occur in East Asia is classified as group 1 carcinogens by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), i.e. definitive causes of cancer in humans. By contrast, infection with a different liver fluke, Fasciola hepatica, does not lead to malignant transformation of the biliary tract. Given the close phylogeny of all three parasites, this difference in carcinogenicity is intriguing and, if explained, likely of value in novel therapeutic approaches. The importance of the current findings is informative because they present a mass spectrometric analysis and catalog of the similarities and differences between fluke of the genus Opisthorchis and F. hepatica, potentially identifying carcinogenic metabolites of liver fluke origin. These metabolites can be expected to provide deeper understanding of helminth infection induced malignancy.
Power and environmental reporting-practice in business networks
Authors: Bayne Lyndie , Purchase Sharon , Tarca Ann 
Published: April 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is twofold: first, the use of power in a business network context is investigated, in relation to companies’ environmental reporting and practice choices. Second, the environmental reporting-practice portrayal gap is examined, focussing on inter-organisational environmental practices (such as green supply chain management).

Design/methodology/approach
A network case study was undertaken in the Western Australian agrifood sector, with the two large, dominant supermarkets as focal actors. Data were drawn from 34 in-depth interviews from 2011 to 2013 and a document review including 15 years of supermarket reports.

Findings
The study showed the exercise of government power bases and its effect on supermarket and other supply chain actors’ reporting and practice choices. The data suggest a differential use of power by supermarkets with suppliers, depending on supplier type and environmental practice characteristics. The study revealed surprisingly transparent reporting of the lack of whole-of-supply-chain approach by the supermarkets and admission of shareholder power over reporting and practice choices. In addition, other reporting-practice portrayal gaps relating to inter-organisational environmental practices were found.

Originality/value
The study provides a unique network level analysis of how power relations interact and influence companies’ choices of environmental reporting and practice, thereby contributing to prior power and environmental reporting literature. Contributions are made to extant literature dealing with the reporting-practice portrayal gap by focussing on inter-organisational environmental reporting and practice.
The inclusion of competitor information in the three-factor theory of customer satisfaction
Authors: Albayrak Tahir 
Published: April 2019

PurposeThe three-factor theory of customer satisfaction suggests that product attributes may have an asymmetric effect on customer satisfaction. Although this relationship has been demonstrated in many different settings, the main drawback of previous research is the lack of information about competitors. This study aims to propose asymmetric impact competitor analysis (AICA) for addressing this shortcoming.Design/methodology/approachThe proposed method is conducted by using both impact asymmetry index and relative performance value of each product attribute. While the former is derived by penalty-reward contrast analysis, the latter is obtained by the comparison of the focal company’s performance with competitor’s performance.FindingsThe paper shows the application of AICA by using data belonging to two competing hotels. Results offered different strategies for each hotel attribute.Originality/valueAICA considers both asymmetric effects of attributes on customer satisfaction and competitor information related to same attributes. The proposed method also suggests the strategies for each attribute depending on the quadrant it is located.
Value destruction in exaggerated online reviews
Authors: Baker Melissa A. , Kim Kawon 
Published: April 2019

PurposeThis paper aims to examine the underlying motivations, attitudes and behaviors of exaggerated review posters and readers by examining the effect of review valence, emotional expression and language complexity on perceived poster, website and firm trustworthiness and subsequent behavioral intentions.Design/methodology/approachThis research uses a mixed-method approach using the qualitative critical incident technique (CIT) and quantitative experimental design. Study 1 uses CIT to examine exaggerated online reviews from the poster perspective where Study 2 uses CIT to examine readers’ perceptions of exaggerated reviews. Study 3 conducts a between-subjects experimental design examining the impact of valence (positive vs negative) × emotion (low vs high) × language (vague vs detailed) on trustworthiness and behavior intention.FindingsResults of the two qualitative studies (Study 1 and 2) find posters and readers use language complexity and emotions in exaggerated reviews. The results from the quantitative experimental design study (Study 3) find that language style and emotions influence customer perceptions of poster, website and firm trustworthiness, which also mediates the relationship between the qualitative aspects of review text on behavioral intentions.Practical implicationsThe findings provide multiple practical implications on the prevalence of exaggerated online reviews and the importance of language and emotion in determining customer perceptions and behavioral intentions.Originality/valueBy focusing on both readers and posters in exaggerated eWOM, specific motivations, emotions and language, this research contributes to the literature of online reviews, customer misbehavior, trustworthiness, language use and value co-destruction in online environments.
Rheological characteristics of bovine colostrum and their correlation with immunoglobulin G
Authors: Ceniti Carlotta , Froiio Francesca , Britti Domenico , Paolino Donatella , Costanzo Nicola 
Published: April 2019

Colostrum, the first mammary secretion after parturition, is an important source of nutrition and passive immunity. In this study, the rheological characteristics of bovine colostrum and their correlation with IgG concentration were investigated. Forty‐nine colostrum samples were collected from 21 Simmental dairy cows at different times after calving. Solid–liquid balance (SLB), macroscopic viscosity index (MVI), elasticity index (EI) and IgG were evaluated in each sample. A significant (P < 0.05) decrease in SLB and EI values as well as in the IgG concentration was observed. A suitable correlation (R2 = 0.737) between the EI values and the IgG concentration was evidenced.
Retrospective analysis of the efficacy and influencing factors of autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for multiple myeloma
Authors: Zhang Bing‐Lei , Zhou Jian , Lin Quan‐De , Liu Yu‐Zhang , Zhang Yan‐Li , Gui Rui‐Rui , Song Yong‐Ping , Fang Bai‐Jun 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThis study aims to review the clinical efficacy and factors affecting the treatment of multiple myeloma (MM) by autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (ASCT). The clinical data of 47 patients with MM from the Department of Hematology of Henan Cancer Hospital from September 2010 to July 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. At pre‐transplantation of autologous cells, 25.5% were in complete remission (CR), 14.9% were in very good partial remission (VGPR) and 59.6% were in partial remission (PR). Among these cases, one case had PR after three recurrences. At post‐transplantation, 51% were in CR, including two cases who received double transplantations, 27.7% were in VGPR, and 21.3% were in PR. The median follow‐up time was 27.6 months (4–96 months). The 3‐year progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were 47.9% and 79.6%, respectively. The Analysis of variance (ANOVA) results revealed that factors that affected OS were international staging system (ISS) stage (P = 0.002), CR and VGPR post‐transplantation (P = 0.002), while factors that affected PFS were ISS stage (P = 0.005), pre‐transplant induction therapy (P = 0.032), and disease risk stratification (P = 0.017). The curative effects for PFS were CR and VGPR pre‐transplantation (P = 0.013) and post‐transplantation (P = 0.011). The Cox multivariate regression analysis revealed that ISS stage and CR and VGPR post‐transplantation were independent prognostic factors of OS. At post‐transplantation, CR and VGPR, ISS stage, and pre‐transplant induction therapy were independent prognostic factors for PFS. In conclusion, ASCT can improve the clinical efficacy and survival rate of MM patients. ISS stage, CR and VGPR post‐transplantation are independent prognostic factors of OS and PFS, while pre‐transplant induction therapy is an independent prognostic factor for PFS.
Understanding the Effects of ‘Behind‐the‐Scenes’ Tours on Visitor Understanding of Collections and Research
Authors: Gallimore Emily‐Jane , Wilkinson Clare 
Published: April 2019

AbstractCollections can be a ‘mystery’ to many museum visitors, which makes investing in behind‐the‐scenes tours an opportunity for increasing awareness of the role museums play in scientific research. Drawing on the theories of contextual learning, situated learning, and legitimate peripheral participation, we offer insights from an exploratory study that investigated the potential effectiveness and practicalities of using behind‐the‐scenes tours to improve visitor understandings of museum research. This forum paper reports on emerging results from visitor questionnaires and staff interviews across six museums where we explored the experience offered by behind‐the‐scenes tours as an effective learning environment. These results suggest that behind the scenes tours remain under‐researched and highlight the need for further investigation into the value of this visitor experience.
Risk factors and outcomes for neonatal hypoglycaemia and neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia in pregnancies complicated by gestational diabetes mellitus: a single centre retrospective 3‐year review
Authors: Thevarajah A. , Simmons D. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAimTo determine risk factors associated with neonatal hypoglycaemia and hyperbilirubinaemia, and assess their impact on neonatal outcomes in pregnancies complicated by gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).MethodsRetrospective review investigating all pregnancies complicated by GDM at Campbelltown Hospital (Sydney, Australia) between 1 January 2013 and 31 December 2015. Main outcomes measured were neonatal hypoglycaemia (capillary glucose levels < 1.8 mmol/l) and hyperbilirubinaemia (total serum bilirubin levels greater than age‐appropriate thresholds for phototherapy). Adjusted odds ratios [95% confidence interval (CI)] are shown, calculated by multivariable logistic regression.ResultsSome 60 (7.8%) infants developed hypoglycaemia, 58 (7.5%) developed hyperbilirubinaemia and 13 (1.7%) developed both. Risk of developing hypoglycaemia increased 1.8‐fold (95% CI 1.3–2.6, P < 0.001) per gestational week at GDM diagnosis, 1.1‐fold (95% CI 1.0–1.3, P = 0.04) per mmol/l maternal fasting glucose, 6.2‐fold (95% CI 2.6–16.2, P < 0.001) with maternal history of macrosomia, 10.8‐fold (95% CI 4.1–27.6, P < 0.001) with multiple pregnancy and 1.1‐fold (95% CI 1.0–1.3, P = 0.04) per gestational week at birth. Risk of hyperbilirubinaemia increased with multiple pregnancy (26.4; 95% CI 11.7–59.7, P < 0.001), and 1.5‐fold (95% CI 1.1–2.1, P = 0.01) per gestational week at GDM diagnosis. Hypoglycaemia was associated with a 2.8‐fold (95% CI 1.1–7.1, P = 0.03) increased risk of macrosomia, a 5.4‐fold (95% CI 1.1–27.3, P = 0.04) excess risk of shoulder dystocia and a 6.4‐fold increased risk of 5‐min APGAR ≤ 7 (95% CI 1.2–1.7, P < 0.001). Hyperbilirubinaemia was associated with an excess risk of polycythaemia (packed cell volume > 0.6; 97.1, 95% CI 38.9–241.5, P < 0.001).ConclusionsNeonatal hypoglycaemia and hyperbilirubinaemia largely occur in different pregnancies. Both are associated with earlier GDM diagnosis; however, hypoglycaemia is more associated with maternal glycaemia and its sequelae, and hyperbilirubinaemia is associated with polycythaemia.
Lipid profile is associated with treatment regimen in a large cohort of children and adolescents with Type 1 diabetes mellitus: a study from the international SWEET database
Authors: Kosteria I. , Schwandt A. , Davis E. , Jali S. , Prieto M. , Rottembourg D. ,   the SWEET study group
Published: April 2019

AbstractAimsTo examine the effect of pump vs injection therapy on the lipid profile of children with Type 1 diabetes mellitus.MethodsA cross‐sectional analysis of the lipid profile of children aged ≤ 18 years with Type 1 diabetes mellitus from SWEET, an international diabetes registry, was conducted with a focus on the effect of treatment regimen. Dyslipidaemia was defined as LDL cholesterol ≥2.6 mmol/l or non‐HDL cholesterol ≥3.1 mmol/l. LDL and non‐HDL cholesterol values among 14 290 children (52% boys, 51% receiving pump therapy) from 60 SWEET centres were analysed by linear and logistic regression analysis adjusted for sex, age, diabetes duration, HbA1c and BMI‐standard deviation score group, region, and common interactions between age, sex, HbA1c and BMI.ResultsThis study confirmed the established associations of increased lipids with female sex, age, diabetes duration, HbA1c and BMI. LDL and non‐HDL cholesterol levels were lower in the pump therapy group compared to the injection therapy group [LDL cholesterol: injection therapy 2.44 mmol/l (95% CI 2.42 to 2.46) vs pump therapy 2.39 mmol/l (95% CI 2.37–2.41), P<0.001; non‐HDL cholesterol: injection therapy 2.88 mmol/l (95% CI 2.86 to 2.90) vs pump therapy 2.80 mmol/l (95% CI 2.78–2.82), both P<0.0001]. Similarly, the odds ratios for LDL cholesterol ≥2.6 mmol/l [0.89 (95% CI 0.82–0.97)] and non‐HDL cholesterol ≥3.1 mmol/l [0.85 (0.78 to 0.93)] were significantly lower in the pump therapy group, even after all adjustments.ConclusionsOur results indicate that pump therapy is associated with a better lipid profile.
Role of apolipoprotein C‐III overproduction in diabetic dyslipidaemia
Authors: Adiels Martin , Taskinen Marja‐Riitta , Björnson Elias , Andersson Linda , Matikainen Niina , Söderlund Sanni , Kahri Juhani , Hakkarainen Antti , Lundbom Nina , Sihlbom Carina , Thorsell Annika , Zhou Haihong , Pietiläinen Kirsi H. , Packard Chris , Borén Jan 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAimsTo investigate how apolipoprotein C‐III (apoC‐III) metabolism is altered in subjects with type 2 diabetes, whether the perturbed plasma triglyceride concentrations in this condition are determined primarily by the secretion rate or the removal rate of apoC‐III, and whether improvement of glycaemic control using the glucagon‐like peptide‐1 analogue liraglutide for 16 weeks modifies apoC‐III dynamics.Materials and MethodsPostprandial apoC‐III kinetics were assessed after a bolus injection of [5,5,5‐2H3]leucine using ultrasensitive mass spectrometry techniques. We compared apoC‐III kinetics in two situations: in subjects with type 2 diabetes before and after liraglutide therapy, and in type 2 diabetic subjects with matched body mass index (BMI) non‐diabetic subjects. Liver fat content, subcutaneous abdominal and intra‐abdominal fat were determined using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy.ResultsImproved glycaemic control by liraglutide therapy for 16 weeks significantly reduced apoC‐III secretion rate (561 ± 198 vs. 652 ± 196 mg/d, P = 0.03) and apoC‐III levels (10.0 ± 3.8 vs. 11.7 ± 4.3 mg/dL, P = 0.035) in subjects with type 2 diabetes. Change in apoC‐III secretion rate was significantly associated with the improvement in indices of glucose control (r = 0.67; P = 0.009) and change in triglyceride area under the curve (r = 0.59; P = 0.025). In line with this, the apoC‐III secretion rate was higher in subjects with type 2 diabetes compared with BMI‐matched non‐diabetic subjects (676 ± 208 vs. 505 ± 174 mg/d, P = 0.042).ConclusionsThe results reveal that the secretion rate of apoC‐III is associated with elevation of triglyceride‐rich lipoproteins in subjects with type 2 diabetes, potentially through the influence of glucose homeostasis on the production of apoC‐III.