bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Title: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease; Potential role for systemic inflammation
Authors: AbdelGhany Mohamed Fawzy , Khaleel Waleed GamalEldein , Ahmed Asmaa Omar , Ahmed Ahmad BaheyEldein , Bakkar Lamees Mohammed 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, progressive, parenchymal disease, now considered as fatal disease of the lungs, characterized by pulmonary and extrapulmonary comorbidities. So far, little is known regarding the cardiovascular comorbidities in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. This study aims to: investigate the prevalence and impact of cardiovascular comorbidities in patients with IPF and its correlation with different radiological and laboratory indices of disease severity.
Methods: This prospective case-control study was performed on 134 idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis patients in the age group of 18 to 70 years. Diagnosis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis was done based on diagnostic radiologic criteria addressed by ATS clinical practice guidelines. Patients were recruited from pulmonology department, Assiut university hospitals from October 2023 to October 2024. Cardiac comorbidities were assessed by ECG and echocardiography. All patients had CRP, KL6, total lipid profile including cholesterol level, Triglyceride level, HDL-cholesterol level, LDL-cholesterol level measured. Patients were divided into two groups: IPF patients with cardiovascular comorbidities, and IPF patients without cardiovascular comorbidities. Correlations were done between IPF patient’s criteria and presence of cardiovascular comorbidities.
Results: Female represented the majority of the studied group 65%. 60 out of 134 documented IPF patients had cardiovascular comorbidities. Patients with CVD comorbidities vs IPF patients without CVD comorbidities had higher radiological HRCT Total fibrosis score TFS. P value <0.001. As regards laboratory serum biomarkers, the group with comorbidities showed significantly higher CRP, KL6, cholesterol level, triglyceride level, HDL cholesterol level, LDL cholesterol level. P value <0.001. A cutoff value KL6 of ≥299; the areas under the ROC curves were 89.7% (95%CI: 0.832 – 0.963, P<0.001) with a sensitivity of 90.0%, a specificity of 94.6%, and accuracy of 92.5% were associated with the presence of cardiac comorbidities.
Conclusions:
Dyslipidemia and cardiac comorbidities were detected in a large group of patients with IPF. These findings were associated with increased severity of the disease. High serum levels of CRP and KL6 was a significant finding in this group of patients.
A Meta-Analysis on Mitral Surgery in Patients Undergoing Surgery for Anomalous Left Coronary Artery: When to Perform Repair?
Authors: Brancaccio Gianluca , Chinali Marcello , Dionisi Sara , Trezzi Matteo , Esposito Claudia , Iacobelli Roberta , Miraldi Fabio , Labriola Vincenzo , Alessia Ruffini , Francesco Bonavita , D’Inzeo Victoria , Perri Gianluigi , Galletti Lorenzo 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objectives
The present study is the first meta-analysis comparing long-term outcomes in patients undergoing correction for anomalous left coronary artery (ALCAPA) regarding concomitant mitral valve surgery.
Methods
A systematic literature review was conducted to identify all relevant studies with comparative data on mitral valve surgery performed during surgery for ALCAPA correction. Predefined primary endpoints included mortality and mitral valve (re)operation. Echocardiographic outcomes were assessed when available (including severity of mitral regurgitation).
Results
Fifty-three relevant retrospective studies with comparative data for ALCAPA patients with concomitant mitral valve surgery were identified from the existing literature. The study population included 3,851 patients, of whom 55% were girls. The mean age at surgery was six months [0–99 months]. The mean follow-up after surgery was 22.7 years [6.3–37.2]. Among patients with available echocardiographic data at the time of ALCAPA correction, 283 had no mitral regurgitation (13%), 642 had mild mitral regurgitation (30%), 756 had moderate mitral regurgitation (36%), and 437 had severe mitral regurgitation (21%). A subgroup of patients who underwent mitral valve surgery (yMVS; n = 753; 19.5% of the total population) was identified. A total of 228 patients died during follow-up (5.9%), with no differences among patients who underwent vs those who did not undergo mitral valve concomitant surgery at baseline (p = ns). Among the 1,536 patients with available follow-up echocardiographic data, 519 developed no mitral regurgitation (34%), 663 developed mild mitral regurgitation (43%), 268 developed moderate mitral regurgitation (17%), and 86 developed severe mitral regurgitation (6%). Overall, during follow-up, 91 patients underwent mitral valve surgery (first MVS for 20pts and re-intervention for 71pts, representing a 10% re-intervention rate). In regression analysis, we found no association between the mean age at first surgery and the need for reoperation (p = 0.458).
Conclusions
Mitral valve surgery is performed in about 20% of patients undergoing ALCAPA correction. Indications for MVS vary among centers, although the severity of MV regurgitation was the most common criterion (more than 50% of the yMVS group). Of yMVS patients, approximately 10% underwent a second MVS during follow-up, regardless of age at first surgery. Overall, long-term mortality in these patients is over 5%, with no evident impact related to concomitant MV surgery.
Knowledge and Attitudes About Human Papillomavirus Infection and Prevention Methods Among Medical Science Students in Novi Sad, Serbia: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Denda Nikola , Maletin Nemanja , Rašković Aleksandar , Prodanović Dušan , Golušin Zoran , Vučković Biljana , Nemet Marko , Kusturica Milica Paut 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
It is estimated that more than 80% of people are infected with human papiloma virus (HPV) at some point in their lives. Knowledge about HPV infection and methods of its prevention is extremely important for society as a whole. Medical students as future healthcare workers must be thoroughly informed about HPV infection in order to properly participate in the promotion of its prevention. The aim is examine the percentage of correct answers in relation to previous education about HPV infection and prevention methods, as well as levels of agreement with selected statements about HPV infection based on the desired direction in the future.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Faculty of Medicine in Novi Sad (MFNS). The study covered all study programs and was conducted in the period from 1–30. in November 2023, using a specially created survey questionnaire for the purposes of this research.
Results
1760 surveys were collected, representing 67,2% of the total number of MFNS students. In the past year, only 26% of respondents attended some kind of education about HPV infection/vaccine. Statistical significance was observed in the difference between the responses of students who attended education in comparison to those who did not attend education in the past year (75,5% versus 63,3%, p < 0,001). Students who stated that they plan to get vaccinated in the following period answered the questions correctly in a higher percentage (87,5% nasuprot 80,1%, p = 0,01).
Conclusions
Students of the Faculty of Medicine in Novi Sad, as future healthcare workers, demonstrated certain knowledge and demonstrated correct attitudes. Students who attended education about HPV infection and methods of prevention had more correct answers, as did students who plan to get vaccinated in the future. Students focused on gynecology and pediatrics had the highest percentage of correct answers.
Clinical and Psychiatric Profile of Patients Treated for Suicidal Behavior in a Reference Psychiatric Emergency Service
Authors: Kohl Érico Marques , Faria Fernanda Menezes , Castaldelli Fernando Ikeda , Filho Gerardo Maria Araújo 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Purpose: The Dr. Adolfo de Bezerra de Menezes Hospital (ABMH) is an institute with expertise in mental illnesses and drug addict treatment, a reference in the region of São José do Rio Preto – São Paulo. Following the global trend of devoting greater attention to mental health, this study aims to outline an epidemiological profile of patients attended in the emergency department as well as the inpatients of the institution with suicidal behavior (suicidal ideation and attempts), between 2019 and 2021.
Methods: Data was collected from medical records regarding all psychiatric attendances in the Hospital during the period, including outpatient and inpatient admissions with subsequent follow-ups.
Results: During this period, 6,809 patients were assessed, of whom 2,891 (42.46%) were male and 3,918 (57.54%) were female. Bipolar disorder was the most prevalent psychiatric disorder (18.86%), followed by substance use (13.6%), alcohol use disorders (9.87%), and schizophrenia (9.66%). Regarding age, a higher rate of attendance was observed among individuals in their third and fourth decades of life, followed by a decline in the fifth decade and a subsequent increase in the subsequent decades of life.
Conclusion: It is crucial to understand the demand for mental health services to provide optimal care for patients, ensure the allocation of specific resources to meet these needs, and improve efficiency. By analyzing data on sociodemographic factors such as gender, age, and prevalent illnesses, it is possible to identify potential causes and develop strategies to prevent exacerbations and reduce hospital demand, especially in Brazil, where outpatient services are still insufficient.
Measuring Plant Cysteine Oxidase Interactions with Substrates Using Intrinsic Tryptophan Fluorescence
Authors: Gunawardana Dona M , Southern Daisy A , Flashman Emily 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Plant Cysteine Oxidases (PCOs) are oxygen-sensing enyzmes that catalyse oxidation of cysteinyl residues at the N-termini of target proteins, triggering their degradation via the N-degron pathway. PCO oxygen-sensitivity means that in low oxygen (hypoxia), their activity reduces and target proteins are stabilised. PCO substrates include Group VII Ethylene Response Factors (ERFVIIs) involved in adaptive responses to the acute hypoxia experienced upon plant submergence, as well as Little Zipper 2 (ZPR2) and Vernalisation 2 (VRN2) which are involved in developmental processes in hypoxic niches. The PCOs are potential targets for improving submergence tolerance through enzyme engineering or chemical treatment. To achieve this, a detailed understanding of their biological function is required. Here, we report development of an assay that utilises intrinsic tryptophan fluorescence quenching to quantify substrate binding to PCO enzymes. Our assay revealed that, broadly, Arabidopsis PCO4 and PCO5 have stronger interactions with ERFVII substrates than ZPR2 and VRN2, suggesting ERFVIIs are primary targets of these enzymes. It also revealed a positive cooperative binding effect for interactions between AtPCOs4/5 and ERFVIIs and ZPR2. The assay is experimentally straightforward and can be used to further interogate PCO interactions with substrates.
Combination dual-tapered fiber with band-pass filter in generating multi-wavelength Er 3+ -doped fiber laser
Authors: Hao Yunqi , Liao Weitong , Miao Miao , Liu Nannan , Zhai Fengxiao , Yang Kun 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

we propose to add a bandpass filter into multi-wavelength Er3+-doped fiber laser to avoid the mode competition in the ring-cavity laser based on comb-like dual-tapered fiber. The bandwidth of bandpass filter is within 1543.5nm-1558.5nm, excluding the gain peak of Er3+-doped fiber around 1530nm. The gain of Er3+-doped fiber within the filter bandwidth is uniform. When realizing the multi-wavelength laser output, 1-, 2-, 3-, 4- laser lines are obtained by adjusting the polarization controller, and the laser lines distribute at the interference wavelengths of dual-tapered fibers within the bandwidth of bandpass filter. Tunability of the multi-wavelength laser are demonstrated, including tunability range and wavelength spacing. Tunability ranges of 12.10nm for single-wavelength, 9.312nm for dual-wavelength, 4.3nm for three-wavelength are generated; wavelength spacing of 1/2/3/4/5 intervals for dual-wavelength, 5.2nm/7.6nm for three-wavelength, 5.26nm/2.64nm/5.0nm for four-wavelength are all generated. Stability of laser output in 1 hour are tested. The proposed gain-balancing BPOF scheme in multi-wavelength EDFL is simple and effective to suppress the mode competition. These results could be used to support the practical applications of multi-wavelength Er3+-doped fiber laser.
Nanoscale nonlocal thermal transport and thermal field emission in high-current resonant tunnel structures
Authors: Davidovich Michael V , Nefedov Igor S , Glukhova Olga E , Rubi J. Miguel 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

We present a model of thermal field emission in resonant tunneling nanostructures with multiple barriers and potential wells, based on an accurate determination of the quantum potential shape and a rigorous solution of the Schrödinger equation, while considering thermal balance. The model applies to vacuum and semiconductor resonant tunnel diode and triode structures with two and three electrodes and to the general case of two-way tunneling with electrode heating. The complete balance of heat release and transfer is accounted for, with heat transport considered ballistic. This approach can also be extended to the non-stationary case, incorporating the influence of space charge. The short flight time of electrons in such structures makes them promising for the fabrication of THz devices.
PACS numbers: 44.40.+a,41.20.Jb,42.25.Bs, 03.70.+k
Uncovering Immune Response Landscapes and Novel Biomarkers in Latent Endometrial Tuberculosis: Insights from RNA-Seq Transcriptome Profiling
Authors: Dai Bai , Liu Jing-ying , Li De-Bang , Wang Zhi-min , Chen Xiu-juan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Latent Endometrial Tuberculosis (LETB) is a significant yet under-recognized cause of female infertility, particularly in TB-prevalent regions. Current diagnostic methods for LETB lack specificity, complicating early detection. Through RNA-Seq transcriptome profiling, we aimed to uncover distinct immune response landscapes and identify novel inflammation-related diagnostic markers for LETB. Our study included clinical diagnostics, histological examinations, and transcriptomic analyses comparing differentially expressed genes (DEGs) among control, LETB, and active TB groups. We identified seven candidate genes (IFI30, HCK, SPI1, IL1B, ITGB2, and FCGR2A) uniquely associated with LETB. Bioinformatic analyses revealed these genes' significant roles in immune regulation, including leukocyte activation, cytokine signaling, and myeloid leukocyte-mediated immunity. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) confirmed their involvement in key immune pathways such as cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction and leukocyte transendothelial migration. Validation through qPCR and immunohistochemistry confirmed the differential expression of these biomarkers in LETB tissues. These findings provide new insights into LETB pathogenesis, suggesting potential biomarkers for enhanced early diagnosis and treatment, ultimately aiming to improve reproductive health outcomes for affected women.
Casual roles of gut microbiota, immune cells, and inflammatory cytokines in acute respiratory distress syndrome: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study and mediation analysis
Authors: Fan Yannan , Chen Jinhua , Zhuang Yuanyuan , Chang Linlin , Wang Weiguo , Zhang Yunnan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The complex interaction between the gut microbiome and the host’s immune system is pivotal in the development of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Despite this, the relationship between gut microbiota, inflammation, and ARDS has not been fully investigated. In this study, we conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) employing summary statistics related to gut microbiota, immune cells, circulating inflammatory cytokines, and outcomes of ARDS. Our primary analytical strategy incorporated five methodologies, predominantly utilizing the Inverse-Variance Weighted (IVW) approach within the framework of MR. Heterogeneity was assessed using Cochran’s Q test, while horizontal pleiotropy was evaluated through MR-Egger regression. Additionally, sensitivity analyses and reverse MR were performed to ensure the robustness of the findings. Following adjustments for the false discovery rate (FDR), our findings indicated that, although the overall effects of exposures on ARDS were not statistically significant, there were causal associations identified for 12 gut microbiota taxa, 25 immune cells, and 6 circulating inflammatory cytokines with ARDS (p < 0.05). Mediation analysis revealed that cytokines Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-binding protein 1 (EIF4EBP1), caspase 8, IL-6, and IL-8 served as partial mediators in the influence exerted by gut microbiota. These findings confirm the potential associations between gut microbiota, immunophenotypes, and inflammatory cytokines with ARDS, shedding light on the mechanisms through which these factors may contribute to the condition and providing a foundation for future investigations into targeted prevention strategies.
Enhancing Early Diabetes Prediction: A Hybrid Optimization Framework Using Adaptive Heterogeneous Differential Evolution (AHDE)
Authors: Chen Lin , Niu Ben 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Diabetes, as a global health concern, requires timely detection to mitigate risks and manage disease progression. Current research has made progress in predictive modeling.however, there is still a need for more comprehensive frameworks that effectively integrate feature selection and hyperparameter optimization.This study proposes a novel hybrid optimization framework that combines machine learning with metaheuristic algorithms, aiming to enhance the predictive performance for diabetes.The framework employs an Adaptive Heterogeneous Differential Evolution (AHDE) algorithm to efficiently search for optimal solutions while balancing model performance and feature subset size.Through experiments conducted on three publicly available diabetes datasets, we assess the effectiveness of the proposed method. The results show that the machine learning models optimized via the AHDE algorithm outperform the comparative models across various evaluation metrics, particularly in terms of recall and ROC AUC. Specifically, recall rates for datasets 1, 2, and 3 were 0.9226, 0.9894, and 0.9989, respectively, with ROC AUC values of 0.9276, 0.9972, and 0.9945.These findings offer insights for improving early diabetes screening, highlighting the potential applications of the proposed framework in clinical decision support systems.
Unveiling the genetic architecture of barley embryo: QTL mapping, candidate genes identification and its relationship with kernel size and early vigour
Authors: Chen Xiaoxia , Su Zhouyang , Zheng Yunpu , Li Cong , Ma Jun , Ma Jian , Shi Fusun , Hu Haiyan , Liu Chunji , Zheng Zhi 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Embryo, also known as germ, in cereal grains plays a crucial role in plant development. The embryo accounts for only a small portion of grain weight but it is rich in nutrients. Larger embryo translates to a more nutritious grain and larger store of energy reserves, which can benefit seed germination and seedling establishment. However, reports on quantitative trait loci (QTL) affecting embryo size in barley is rare. To understand the genetic basis of embryo size in barley, a population consisting of 201 F9 recombination inbred lines (RILs) was assessed in four environments. Three regions affecting various characteristics of embryo size including embryo length (EL), embryo width (EW) and embryo area (EA) were consistently identified. They located on chromosomes 2H, 4H and 7H, respectively. Among them, the QTL on 7H was bit affected by kernel size. Phenotypic variances explained by this QTL for EL, EW and EA were 11.8%, 9.3% and 12.7%, respectively. Taken advantage of the available genomic assemblies of the two parental genotypes, candidate genes for this locus on 7H were identified. In addition, significant correlations between embryo size and early vigour and kernel traits were detected. To our knowledge, the present study is for the first time reporting QTL conferring embryo size by directly measuring the characteristics as quantitative trait in barley, which would broaden our understanding of the genetic basis of barley embryo size and offer valuable targets for future breeding programs.
The intermediary effect of work stress on the relationship between off-duty professional growth and reflective ability among mid- and senior-level clinical nurses.
Authors: Wu Junxian , Song Jingru , Zhang Mingfang , Li Lin , Shen Qin 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objective
This study seeks to investigate the reflective capacity of mid-to-senior nurses, exploring the influence of off-duty job crafting on reflective capacity through the lens of the Job Demands-Resources (JDR) model. Furthermore, it aims to analyze the mediating roles of challenge and hindrance work stress in this relationship, offering evidence-based insights for nursing managers to devise strategies that enhance reflective capacity
Methods
A convenience sampling technique was employed to recruit 534 mid-to-senior nurses from three tertiary hospitals in Jiaxing, Zhejiang Province. Data collection and analysis were conducted using a general information questionnaire, the Leisure Crafting Scale, the Challenge-Hindrance work Stress Scale, and the Clinical Nurse Reflective Ability Scale.
Results
The findings revealed that the off-duty job crafting score among clinical nurses was (23.82 ± 9.17), the challenge work stress score was (16.97 ± 6.49), the hindrance work stress score was (16.65 ± 5.44), and the reflective ability score was (56.26 ± 19.09). Reflective ability demonstrated a significant correlation with both leisure crafting and work stress. Challenge and hindrance work stress partially mediated the relationship between off-duty job crafting and reflective capacity, with challenge work stress accounting for 19.7% of the total mediating effect and hindrance work stress contributing 30.80%.
Conclusion
The study highlights that the reflective ability of mid-to-senior nurses in China is at a moderately low level. Strengthening off-duty job crafting skills, harnessing the positive aspects of challenge-related stress, and mitigating the negative impacts of hindrance stress can significantly enhance reflective capacity, thereby establishing a solid foundation for the ongoing improvement of nursing quality.