bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association Between Organizational Context and Resident Pain in Assisted Living: A Repeated Cross‐Sectional Study
Authors: Hoben Matthias , Shrestha Shovana , Dampf Hana , Hogan David B. , McGrail Kimberlyn , Knopp‐Sihota Jennifer , Maxwell Colleen J. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTObjectivesResident pain has been a common quality challenge in congregate care for older adults, and organizational context may explain variations in resident pain beyond resident‐level factors. Most studies have focused on nursing homes (NHs), largely neglecting assisted living (AL). AL residents are at similar risk for pain as NH resident, but with AL providing fewer services and staffing resources. Our objective was to examine whether organizational context in AL was associated with resident pain during the first two waves of the COVID‐19 pandemic.MethodsThis repeated cross‐sectional study linked AL home surveys, collected in COVID‐19 waves 1 (March–June 2020) and 2 (October 2020–February 2021) from a key contact, to administrative Resident Assessment Instrument‐Home Care (RAI‐HC) records in these homes. Surveys assessed preparedness for COVID‐19 outbreaks, availability of a registered nurse or nurse practitioner, direct care staff shortages, decreased staff morale, COVID‐19 outbreaks, confinement of residents to their rooms, supporting video calls with physicians, facilitating caregiver involvement. The dependent variable (moderate daily pain or pain of a severe intensity) and resident covariates came from the RAI‐HC. Using general estimating equations, adjusted for repeated resident assessments and covariates, we assessed whether AL organizational context was associated with resident pain during the pandemic.ResultsWe included 985 residents in 41 facilities (wave 1), and 1134 residents in 42 facilities (wave 2). Pain prevalence [95% confidence interval] decreased non‐significantly from 20.6% [18.6%–23.2%] (March–June 2019) to 19.1% [16.9%–21.6%] (October 2020–February 2021). Better preparedness (odds ratio = 1.383 [1.025–1.866]), confinement of residents to their rooms (OR = 1.616 [1.212–2.155]), availability of a nurse practitioner (OR = 0.761 [0.591–0.981]), and staff shortages (OR = 0.684 [0.527–0.888]) were associated with resident pain.ConclusionsAL organizational context factors were associated with resident pain. Policy and management interventions can and must address such factors, providing potentially powerful levers for improving AL resident quality of care.
Impact of Neuropsychological Assessment on Subjective Memory Complaints in Patients With Mild Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Anjos Ricardo , Madruga Nuno , Cardoso Sandra , Schmand Ben , Guerreiro Manuela , de Mendonça Alexandre , Ribeiro Filipa 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionPatients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), namely at an initial stage like amnestic cognitive impairment (aMCI), typically present with memory complaints. They also have difficulties regarding self‐knowledge about their cognitive deficits. In clinical practice, a formal neuropsychological assessment is often done. The present study aimed to understand whether patients with aMCI retain the ability to monitor the success or failure in their performance during the neuropsychological assessment and adjust the report of memory complaints accordingly, as compared to healthy controls.MethodsParticipants were patients with aMCI and healthy controls who were questioned about their own memory abilities using the Subjective Memory Complaints (SMC) scale, applied before and after the neuropsychological assessment protocol. A repeated measures General Linear Model was performed to analyze changes in SMC (within‐subjects effects) after the neuropsychological assessment, in patients with aMCI and healthy controls (between‐subjects effects).ResultsEighty volunteers, 40 patients with aMCI and 40 healthy controls, participated in the study. Patients with aMCI showed lower MMSE scores, more depressive symptoms, and deficits in memory and learning, language and executive domains. Patients with aMCI had higher SMC scores [9.4(3.6)] than healthy controls [4.4(2.3)] before the neuropsychological assessment. A statistically significant interaction was found between the SMC and the diagnostic group, meaning that healthy controls decreased SMC [3.4(1.9)] after the neuropsychological assessment, whereas patients with aMCI kept high levels of SMC [9.6(3.9)]. In patients with aMCI, an inverse correlation between logical memory and the change in SMC was found, so that patients with lower scores in the logical memory test tended to increase their memory complaints after the assessment.ConclusionsBoth patients with aMCI and healthy controls can monitor and update the impression about their memory abilities following a formal neuropsychological assessment. Patients with aMCI maintain a high SMC level, which is inversely associated with their memory performance. In practical terms, SMC should be measured consistently at a particular moment in time, preferably preceding the objective neuropsychological assessment.
ARP2/3 complex affects myofibroblast differentiation and migration in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Sun Yifeng , Qiao Yina , Niu Yiqi , Madhavan Bindhu Kollivayal , Fang Chao , Hu Jingxiong , Schuck Kathleen , Traub Benno , Friess Helmut , Herr Ingrid , Michalski Christoph W. , Kong Bo 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe ARP2/3 complex, which orchestrates actin cytoskeleton organization and lamellipodia formation, has been implicated in the initiation of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). This study aims to clarify its impact on the activity of cancer‐associated fibroblasts (CAFs), key players in PDAC progression, and patient outcomes. Early pancreatic carcinogenesis was modeled in p48Cre; LSL‐KrasG12D mice with caerulein‐induced pancreatitis, complemented by in vitro studies on human immortalized pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) and primary PDAC‐derived CAFs. Data were gained from microarray analysis, RNA sequencing (RNA‐seq), and single‐cell RNA sequencing (sc‐RNA‐seq), with subsequent bioinformatics analysis. We uncovered a specific transcriptional signature associated with fibroblast migration in early pancreatic carcinogenesis and linked it to poor survival in patients with PDAC. A pivotal role of the ARP2/3 complex in CAF migration was identified. Inhibition of the ARP2/3 complex markedly decreased CAF motility and induced significant morphological changes in vitro. Furthermore, its inhibition also hindered TGFβ1‐mediated myofibroblastic CAF differentiation but had no effect on IL‐1‐mediated inflammatory CAF differentiation. Our findings position the ARP2/3 complex as central to the migration and differentiation of myofibroblastic CAF. Targeting this complex presents a promising new therapeutic avenue for PDAC treatment.
ESG Meets DeFi: Exploring Time‐Varying Linkages and Portfolio Implications
Authors: Ali Shoaib , Youssef Manel , Umar Muhammad , Naeem Muhammad Abubakr 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThis study delves into the connection between Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) indices and emerging Decentralised Finance (DeFi) assets. Specifically, it explores the ever‐changing, frequency‐based linkage between these ESG indices and innovative DeFi assets. Employing the wavelet coherence technique, we analyse a broad range of ESG indices, spanning emerging, developed and US indices, alongside various DeFi assets. This examination covers a period encompassing the COVID‐19 pandemic and the Russian‐Ukrainian conflict to assess market linkages during extreme events. We then calculate optimal weights and hedge ratios for ESG‐DeFi asset pairs to evaluate portfolio implications. Wavelet analysis results frequently show no connection between ESG indices and DeFi assets, underscoring the diversification benefits of adding DeFi to an ESG portfolio. However, this relationship notably strengthens at the pandemic crisis's onset, indicating DeFi assets lose diversification potential during turbulent times. Portfolio allocation should mainly favour ESG indices during normal periods, with minimal variations in optimal weights pre‐ and post‐COVID. Meanwhile, hedge ratio analysis suggests DeFi assets make sound investments during crises, although hedging costs increase during turbulent periods. These findings hold relevance for investors, portfolio managers and policymakers.
EXaminaTion of cRitical cAre PHArmacist pRoductivity MetricS (EXTRA‐PHARMS): The clinical pharmacist's perspective
Authors: Forehand Christy , Roberts Russel , Acquisto Nicole M. , Buckley Mitchell , Groth Christine M. , Holden Devin , Sikora Andrea , Ardiles Thomas (Tomi) , Thompson Bastin Melissa , Bhavani Sivasubramanium V. , DePriest Ashley , Eche Ifeoma Mary , Flynn Brigid , Healy William J. , Hogan Brett , LaRiccia Brenton , Mayer Kirby , Murphy David , Stun Lucy , Wang Shan , Zetola Nicola , MacLaren Robert 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundCritical care pharmacists are well‐established, valuable members of the intensive care unit interprofessional team with unique skills to perform comprehensive medication management in complex critically ill patients. However, standardized and consequential productivity metrics for critical care pharmacists have not been established.ObjectiveTo characterize the utilization and perception of contemporary critical care pharmacy productivity metrics utilized among individual institutions.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsAn electronic survey was distributed to critical care pharmacist members of the Society of Critical Care Medicine Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology Section and the American College of Clinical Pharmacy Critical Care Practice and Research Network.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe survey included 23 questions to assess institution demographics, individual respondent demographics, institution practices, and individual respondent perceptions about the value of critical care pharmacist productivity metrics.ResultsA total of 204 critical care pharmacists, largely from the United States, responded to the survey between July and November 2022. Institutional metrics captured by more than 50% of the respondents' institutions included order verification rate/number of orders verified (60%), number of clinical interventions (57%), and intravenous to enteral product interchanges (52%). Of these metrics, critical care pharmacists only agreed with the value of the number of clinical interventions, were indifferent to the value of intravenous to oral product interchanges, and disagreed with the value of order verification rate/number of orders verified.ConclusionsSignificant discrepancies exist between institutional productivity metric practices and their perceived value and utility among critical care pharmacists.
Implementing Chicken Chorioallantoic Membrane (CAM) Assays for Validating Biomaterials in Tissue Engineering: Rationale and Methods
Authors: Dhayer Mélanie , Jordao Amélia , Dekiouk Salim , Cleret Damien , Germain Nicolas , Marchetti Philippe 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTTissue engineering is a promising approach for generating or repairing living tissues. The development of innovative biomaterials for tissue engineering has the potential to address the unmet clinical needs in certain applications. However, before these biomaterials can be used in clinical settings, they must undergo preclinical testing to ensure safety and performance. The chicken chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay is a preferred screening tool for studying biocompatibility, angiogenesis, and inflammation induced by biomaterials owing to ethical and economic considerations. This CAM‐based platform increased the throughput of biomaterial testing for tissue engineering before in vivo testing. In this paper, we discuss the advantages of the CAM model. We also provided a step‐by‐step guide for implementing the CAM model in a research laboratory, along with tips and tricks for successfully running CAM assays. Finally, we present examples of biomaterials screened using CAM assays. CAM assay is a powerful in vivo model for assessing the angiogenic potential of tissue‐engineered scaffolds. This guide provides a framework for conducting the assay, but specific experimental conditions should be optimized based on the scaffold material and the research question.
Abdominal POCUS Education for Clinicians: A Systematic Review of Teaching Methods for Point‐of‐Care Abdominal Ultrasonography
Authors: Sveinsson Birkir Örn , Thorsteinsdottir Olof Kristin , Browne Alexander G. P. , Rasmussen Benjamin S. B. , Nielsen Anders Bo , Pietersen Pia Iben 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThis systematic review examines educational strategies in clinician‐performed abdominal point‐of‐care ultrasound (POCUS), a critical skill with increasing relevance in medical care. Analyzing 28 studies, we highlight the strategies as well as advantages and disadvantages of various theoretical and practical components, including, for example, e‐learning and simulation in training programs. The findings emphasize the necessity of blending various educational methods to enhance effectiveness and adaptability in training environments. Ultimately, robust training frameworks are essential to maximize diagnostic accuracy and improve patient outcomes in abdominal POCUS.
Researches on the tender leaf identification and mechanically perceptible plucking finger for high‐quality green tea
Authors: Zhang Wei , Chen Yong , Wang Qianqian , Chen Jun 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDIntelligent identification and precise plucking are the keys to intelligent tea harvesting robots, which are currently of increasing significance. Aiming at plucking tender leaves for high‐quality green tea production, in this study, a tender leaf identification algorithm and a mechanically perceptible plucking finger have been proposed.RESULTSBased on the segmentation algorithm and color features, the tender leaf identification algorithm shows an average identification accuracy of over 92.8%. The mechanically perceptible plucking finger plucks tender leaves in a way that a human hand does, aiming to maintain the high quality of tea products. Though finite element analysis, we determine the ideal size of grippers and the location of strain gauge attachment on a gripper to enable the employment of feedback control of desired gripping force. As revealed in our experiments, the success rate of tender leaf plucking reaches 92.5%, demonstrating the effectiveness of our design.CONCLUSIONThe results show that the tender leaf identification algorithm and the mechanically perceptible plucking finger are effective for identification of tender leaves and plucking, providing a foundation for the development of an intelligent tender leaf plucking robot. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Enhancing the gel properties of soy protein isolate: the role of oxidized konjac glucomannan in acid‐induced gelation
Authors: Li Yijia , Zeng Zhilong , Chen Zhaojun , Wang Haoyuan , Qin Xiaoli , Liu Xiong 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundSoy protein isolate (SPI) gels formed using a single coagulant often have poor water‐holding capacity (WHC) and low hardness, making them fragile and unsuitable for transportation and storage. Adding compound coagulants or polysaccharides can improve the gelation properties of SPI gels induced by gluconolactone (GDL). This study explores the impact of oxidized konjac glucomannan (OKGM) on the physicochemical and structural properties of GDL‐induced SPI gels, with the aim of evaluating the potential of OKGM for enhancing the overall quality and stability of these gels.ResultsIn this study, the composite gels demonstrated a significant increase in whiteness (69.02% to 70.59%) compared with the SPI gel (67.41%). Key physicochemical properties, such as water‐holding capacity (WHC), textural characteristics, viscoelasticity, and thermal stability, were notably improved. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed a reduction in the average pore diameter of the composite gels from 70.57 ± 4.13 μm to 37.19 ± 0.24 μm when the oxidation degree of OKGM was kept at or below 60 min, contributing to a more compact and orderly microstructure. Enhanced hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions within the composite gels also accelerated the gelation process, shortening the gelation time from 15.77 ± 0.37 min to 12.45 ± 0.18 min.ConclusionThe results demonstrate that OKGM acts effectively as a gel enhancer, improving the physicochemical and structural properties of SPI gels significantly. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Response of Plant Phylogenetic Structure to Plateau Pika (Ochotona curzoniae) Disturbance on Alpine Meadow of Qinghai‐Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Chen Xinyang , Li Jing , Wang Suqin , Tan Zhaoxian , Wang Rong , Zhang Yan , Wang Yihong , Yao Baohui , Qu Jiapeng 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTPlant community construction is influenced by bottom‐up processes, such as environmental factors, and top‐down processes, such as herbivore disturbances. With climate change and overgrazing, the stability of plant community structure and function decreases, and more land at risk of degradation. However, the response of the plant community to interference from native herbivores under similar environmental conditions remains unclear. Plateau pika (Ochotona curzoniae) is an important small rodent inhabiting the alpine meadow of the Qinghai‐Tibetan Plateau, and its disturbance may accelerate the degradation of grassland ecosystems when its population experiences a burst. In this study, we investigated the plant communities, collected and analyzed the soil samples, to explore the effects of plateau pikas' disturbance intensity on species composition and phylogenetic structure of plant communities on the alpine meadow. We utilized the generalized additive model and structural equation model to explain and predict the response of plant phylogenetic structure and species competition to the disturbance of plateau pikas. Our results indicated that plateau pika disturbance altered the dominance of plant groups, increased species substitution, and facilitated coexistence among different species, and it affected deterministic processes, reduced interspecific competition intensity, and promoted the dispersion of phylogenetic structures. These findings suggested that plateau pika, as a small native herbivore, plays a significant role in fostering multi‐species plant communities. Therefore, it is essential to manage plateau pika disturbance intensity to maintain the stability of alpine meadow plant communities, as well as to influence the long‐term succession of grassland ecosystems. This study provides some new evidence for exploring the effects of native small herbivores on the changes in grassland plant communities.
Game Analysis of Customers' Participation in New Product Conceptions Selection Based on Separation Sequential Equilibrium
Authors: Cao Jingzhi , Wu Haiquan 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTCustomer participation in new product development (NPD) has various advantages and disadvantages, research has proven that its beneficial factors are more in the early stages. The key in the initial phase of NPD is to understand the real needs of customers. In recent years, research in this field has been done mainly through questionnaires or data mining. However, most of the research have ignored the fact that customer preferences are private information and the influence of different customer groups on their willingness to participate. Because the selection of new product ideas takes place in the early stages of NPD and the degree of advance of customers is also an important parameter that indicates their willingness to cooperate in NPD activities, this paper will study the mechanism of private transfer of customers. Preferences will be considered in the selection phase of NPD concepts and their top grade. Results showed that the leading customers have reasonable motivation to participate in new product development, and advanced customers are more willing to express their product viewpoints.
Demand Information Forecasting and Sharing in a Remanufacturing Closed‐Loop Supply Chain
Authors: Zhou Meiling , Zhou Pin , Xia Yuqing , Hong Xianpei 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTWe delve into the incorporation of demand information forecasting and the subsequent information sharing in a closed‐loop supply chain (CLSC). We consider the competition between an original equipment manufacturer (OEM) and an independent remanufacturer (IR). The OEM autonomously determines whether to forecast demand information and further considers whether to disseminate the realized demand signal to the IR. We find that the IR adopts either a partial‐ or a full‐remanufacturing strategy to compete with the OEM. The OEM shares negative demand signals with the IR, as such signals decrease the retail prices and increase the production quantity of all‐new products. Additionally, the sharing of negative demand signals helps alleviate the cannibalization effect caused by the introduction of remanufactured products. When examining the optimal sharing strategy in equilibrium, the OEM only invests in forecasting demand if the forecasting cost is relatively low. Furthermore, the numerical studies reveal that, in equilibrium, the OEM does not necessarily benefit from possessing more precise demand information. Additionally, we assess the influence of consumers' environmental awareness on the production decisions of both companies. The findings indicate that heightened environmental awareness prompts the IR to adopt a full‐remanufacturing strategy, and the information management strategies remain robust.
Monte Carlo modeling of the origin of contaminant electrons on a 0.5T bi‐planar Linac‐MR
Authors: Reynolds Michael , Oliver Patricia A. K. , Wood Tania , Yip Eugene , Tari Shima Y. , Wachowicz Keith , Burke Ben , Fallone B. Gino 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIntroductionIn the last decade, hybrid linear accelerator magnetic resonance imaging (Linac‐MR) devices have evolved into FDA‐cleared clinical tools, facilitating magnetic resonance guided radiotherapy (MRgRT). The addition of a magnetic field to radiation therapy has previously demonstrated dosimetric and electron effects regardless of magnetic field orientation.PurposeThis study uses Monte Carlo simulations to investigate the importance and efficacy of the magnetic field design in mitigating surface dose enhancement in the Aurora‐RT, focusing specifically on contaminant electrons, their origin, and energy spectrum.MethodsThe Aurora‐RT 0.5 T Biplanar Linac‐MR device was modeled using the BEAMnrc package using the updated EM macros, a magnetic field map generated from Opera 3D. Simulation generated phasespace data at the distal side of the first magnetic pole plate (89 cm) and at machine isocenter (120 cm) were analyzed with respect to electron energy spectra and electron creation origins, both with and without the static magnetic field.ResultsThe presence of the main magnetic field was verified to affect the origin and distribution of contaminant electrons, removing them from the air column up to 60 cm from the target, and focusing them along the CAX within the region below. Analysis of the remaining electron energy fluence reveals the net removal of electrons with energies > 2 MeV and generation of electrons with energies < 2 MeV in the presence of the static magnetic field as compared to no magnetic field. Moreover, in the presence of the magnetic field the integral energy contained in the contaminant electrons increases from 89 cm to isocenter but is still 15% less overall than the integral energy contained in contaminant electrons without the magnetic field.ConclusionThis study provides an analysis of contaminant electrons in the Aurora‐RT 0.5 T Linac‐MR, emphasizing the role of magnetic field design in successfully minimizing electron contaminants.