bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diffusion tensor imaging correlates of early markers of depression in youth at high‐familial risk for bipolar disorder
Authors: Ganzola Rossana , McIntosh Andrew M. , Nickson Thomas , Sprooten Emma , Bastin Mark E. , Giles Stephen , Macdonald Alix , Sussmann Jessika , Duchesne Simon , Whalley Heather C. 
Published: February 2018

BackgroundMood disorders are familial psychiatric diseases, in which patients show reduced white matter (WM) integrity. We sought to determine whether WM integrity was affected in young offspring at high‐familial risk of mood disorder before they go on to develop major depressive disorder (MDD).MethodsThe Bipolar Family study is a prospective longitudinal study examining young individuals (age 16–25 years) at familial risk of mood disorder on three occasions 2 years apart. This study used baseline imaging data, categorizing groups according to clinical outcome at follow‐up. Diffusion tensor MRI data were acquired for 61 controls and 106 high‐risk individuals, the latter divided into 78 high‐risk subjects who remained well throughout the study (‘high‐risk well’) and 28 individuals who subsequently developed MDD (‘high‐risk MDD’). Voxel‐wise between‐group comparison of fractional anisotropy (FA) based on diagnostic status was performed using tract‐based spatial statistics (TBSS).ResultsCompared to controls, both high‐risk groups showed widespread decreases in FA (pcorr < .05) at baseline. Although FA in the high‐risk MDD group negatively correlated with subthreshold depressive symptoms at the time of scanning (pcorr < .05), there were no statistically significant differences at p‐corrected levels between the two high‐risk groups.ConclusionsThese results suggest that decreased FA is related to the presence of familial risk for mood disorder along with subdiagnostic symptoms at the time of scanning rather than predictive of subsequent diagnosis. Due to the difficulties performing such longitudinal prospective studies, we note, however, that this latter analysis may be underpowered due to sample size within the high‐risk MDD group. Further clinical follow‐up may clarify these findings.
Clinical significance of serum interleukin‐8 and soluble tumor necrosis factor‐like weak inducer of apoptosis levels in patients with diabetic nephropathy
Authors: Liu Shu‐yan , Chen Jie , Li Yong‐feng 
Published: February 2018

AbstractAims/IntroductionRecent studies suggest that chronic inflammatory responses are important in the development of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Various inflammatory and angiogenesis molecules affect the pathogenesis and progression of DN. Inflammation damages the microcirculation and causes kidney damage. In the present study, we studied changes in interleukin‐8 (IL‐8) and soluble tumor necrosis factor‐like weak inducer of apoptosis (sTWEAK) levels in patients with DN, and investigated the clinical significance of these two inflammatory factors.Materials and MethodsParticipants were categorized into healthy controls (n = 30) and patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (n = 124). The type 2 diabetes mellitus group was further subdivided into the normoalbuminuria (n = 34), microalbuminuria (MAU; n = 46,) and proteinuria (MaAU; n = 44,) groups. Patients with DN were included in the MAU and MaAU groups. Total cholesterol, triglyceride, low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, glycosylated hemoglobin, fasting blood glucose, 2‐h postprandial blood glucose, blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, 24‐h urine microalbumin, IL‐8 and sTWEAK levels were measured. Logistic regression was used to analyze the factors associated with proteinuria.ResultsIn the healthy controls, normoalbuminuria, MAU and MaAU groups, we found that IL‐8 levels increased, whereas sTWEAK levels decreased (P < 0.05). IL‐8 might be an independent risk factor and serum sTWEAK a protective factor for MAU and MaAU. Serum levels of sTWEAK, IL‐8 and microalbumin were significantly correlated in the MAU and MaAU groups.ConclusionsSerum IL‐8 and sTWEAK levels might be markers that can be used for an early diagnosis of DN.
Exploring the in situ expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and endoglin in pemphigus foliaceus variants and pemphigus vulgaris
Authors: Miyamoto D. , Maruta C.W. , Santi C.G. , Zoroquiain P. , Dias A.B.T. , Mansure J.J. , Burnier M.N. , Aoki V. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractBackgroundErythroderma is a severe manifestation of pemphigus foliaceus (PF), a blistering disease mediated by IgG autoantibodies against desmoglein 1. Increasing evidence supports the contribution of angiogenic mediators in the pathogenesis of erythroderma.ObjectiveTo evaluate the in situ expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and endoglin in patients with PF with erythroderma.MethodsFormalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded skin samples obtained from patients with erythrodermic PF (n = 19; 12 patients with endemic PF), non‐erythrodermic PF (n = 17), pemphigus vulgaris (PV; n = 10), psoriasis (n = 10) and healthy individuals (HI; n = 10) were processed in an automated immunohistochemistry platform utilizing anti‐VEGF and anti‐endoglin as primary antibodies. Reactivity was evaluated both manually (0 = negative; 1+ = mild; 2+ = intense) and through an automated microvessel analysis algorithm.ResultsVascular endothelial growth factor expression in erythrodermic PF was higher than in non‐erythrodermic PF (P = 0.034) and in HI (P = 0.004), and similar to psoriasis (P = 0.667) and PV (P = 0.667). In non‐erythrodermic PF, VEGF positivity was similar to HI (P = 0.247), and lower than psoriasis (P = 0.049) and PV (P = 0.049). Both erythrodermic and non‐erythrodermic PF presented similar endoglin expression (P = 0.700). In addition, endoglin positivity during erythrodermic PF was similar to psoriasis (P = 0.133) and lower than PV (P = 0.0009). Increased expression of in situVEGF suggests that healing processes are triggered in response to tissue damage led by autoantibodies in PF, especially during erythroderma. Reduced endoglin positivity suggests that an unbalanced angiogenesis may occur during erythrodermic PF. Further studies may help to confirm if the regulation of VEGF and endoglin expression in patients with PF can contribute to control the healing process and enable disease remission.ConclusionOverexpression of VEGF in erythrodermic PF as well as in PV and psoriasis points out a dysregulated repair process in severe forms of these diseases and suggests VEGF and endoglin could act as prognostic markers and future therapeutic targets to enable proper healing in PF.
Mycobacteriophage Fruitloop gp52 inactivates Wag31 (DivIVA) to prevent heterotypic superinfection
Authors: Ko Ching‐Chung , Hatfull Graham F. 
Published: February 2018

SummaryBacteriophages engage in complex dynamic interactions with their bacterial hosts and with each other. Bacteria have numerous mechanisms to resist phage infection, and phages must co‐evolve by overcoming bacterial resistance or by choosing an alternative host. Phages also compete with each other, both during lysogeny by prophage‐mediated defense against viral attack and by superinfection exclusion during lytic replication. Phages are enormously diverse genetically and are replete with small genes of unknown function, many of which are not required for lytic growth, but which may modulate these bacteria–phage and phage–phage dynamics. Using cellular toxicity of phage gene overexpression as an assay, we identified the 93‐residue protein gp52 encoded by Cluster F mycobacteriophage Fruitloop. The toxicity of Fruitloop gp52 overexpression results from interaction with and inactivation of Wag31 (DivIVA), an essential Mycobacterium smegmatis protein organizing cell wall biosynthesis at the growing cellular poles. Fruitloop gene 52 is expressed early in lytic growth and is not required for normal Fruitloop lytic replication but interferes with Subcluster B2 phages such as Hedgerow and Rosebush. We conclude that Hedgerow and Rosebush are Wag31‐dependent phages and that Fruitloop gp52 confers heterotypic superinfection exclusion by inactivating Wag31.
Association of health literacy with health information‐seeking preference in older people: A correlational, descriptive study
Authors: Kim Su Hyun , Utz Sonja 
Published: February 2018

AbstractLow health literacy has been recognized as a potential barrier to obtaining knowledge and maintaining self‐care in older people. However, little is known about information‐seeking preference in relation to health literacy among older people. The aim of the present study was to understand the influence of health literacy on the information‐seeking preference of older people. A total of 129 community‐residing Korean older people completed a survey in 2016. The findings revealed that health literacy was a significant predictor of information‐seeking preference in older people after controlling for demographic and illness variables. Our study highlights the important need to incorporate strategies to increase the desire for information seeking in older people, in addition to adopting communication strategies that address low health literacy.
Missed Opportunities in Preventing Hospital Readmissions: Redesigning Post‐Discharge Checkup Policies
Authors: Liu Xiang , Hu Michael , Helm Jonathan E. , Lavieri Mariel S. , Skolarus Ted A. 
Published: February 2018

Hospital readmissions affect hundreds of thousands of patients every year, negatively impacting patients and placing a tremendous burden on the national healthcare system. Post‐discharge checkup policies can reduce readmissions through early detection of health conditions, however, the methods behind designing effective checkup policies are poorly understood. Under current practice, up to 67% of readmitted patients return to the hospital before their first scheduled office visit. This work aims to develop effective checkup plans to monitor patients following hospital discharge, using a variety of checkup methods, including phone calls and office visits. We develop and analyze a new delay‐time analysis model to identify the optimal type and timing of checkups to implement post‐discharge monitoring plans. By analyzing the structure of optimal policies, we develop checkup schedules that can detect up to 43.7% more readmission‐causing conditions experienced by readmission‐bound patients. Further, we uncover simple rules of thumb that can help doctors design and improve monitoring plans even in the absence of advanced computer software or complex computations.
Price Effects on Compound Commodities
Authors: Minagawa Junichi , Upmann Thorsten 
Published: February 2018

AbstractWe examine the effect of simultaneous price changes on the total demand for a group of goods, which we call a compound commodity. Specifically, we consider unit and proportional cost components (e.g., taxes, transportation costs) imposed on compound commodities. If the unit cost is positive, then the proportional cost raises the relative price of the more expensive good, and thus induces substitution towards the less expensive good within this group. Then, the substitution effect of the proportional cost for a compound commodity is non‐negative if and only if the compound commodity and the other goods are, on average, not strongly substitutable.
Complete Genome Sequence of Escherichia albertii Strain 1551-2, a Potential Extracellular and Intracellular Pathogen
Authors: Romão Fabiano Teodoro , Hernandes Rodrigo Tavanelli , Ooka Tadasuke , Hayashi Tetsuya , Sperandio Vanessa , Gomes Tânia Aparecida Tardelli 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACT

Escherichia albertii
has recently been recognized as an emerging human and bird enteric pathogen. Here, we report the complete chromosome sequence of a clinical isolate of
E. albertii
strain 1551-2, which may provide information about the pathogenic potential of this new species and the mechanisms of evolution of
Escherichia
species.
Finished Genome Sequence of a Polyurethane-Degrading Pseudomonas Isolate
Authors: Stamps Blake W. , Zingarelli Sandra , Hung Chia-Suei , Drake Carrie A. , Varaljay Vanessa A. , Stevenson Bradley S. , Crookes-Goodson Wendy J. 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACT

Pseudomonas
sp. strain WP001 is a laboratory isolate capable of polyurethane polymer degradation and harbors a predicted lipase precursor gene. The genome of strain WP001 is 6.15 Mb in size and is composed of seven scaffolds with a G+C content of 60.54%. Strain WP001 is closely related to
Pseudomonas fluorescens
based on ribosomal DNA comparisons.
Draft Genome Sequence of Enterobacter sp. Strain EA-1, an Electrochemically Active Microorganism Isolated from Tropical Sediment
Authors: Doyle Lucinda E. , Williams Rohan B. H. , Rice Scott A. , Marsili Enrico , Lauro Federico M. 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACT

Enterobacter
sp. strain EA-1 is an electrochemically active bacterium isolated from tropical sediment in Singapore. Here, the annotated draft genome assembly of the bacterium is reported. Whole-genome comparison indicates that
Enterobacter
sp. EA-1, along with a previously sequenced
Enterobacter
isolate from East Asia, forms a distinct clade within the
Enterobacter
genus.
Draft Genome Sequence of Multidrug-Resistant Strain
Citrobacter portucalensis
MBTC-1222, Isolated from Uziza (Piper guineense) Leaves in Nigeria
Authors: Igbinosa Etinosa O. , Rathje Jana , Habermann Diana , Brinks Erik , Cho Gyu-Sung , Franz Charles M.A.P. 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACT

In this work, we report the draft whole-genome sequence of the multiply antibiotic-resistant
Citrobacter portucalensis
strain MBTC-1222 isolated from the uziza leafy vegetable in Nigeria. Sequence analysis showed the assembled genome size to be 4,881,935 bp, containing 4,603 protein-coding genes, 131 pseudogenes, 7 rRNAs, 74 tRNAs, and 9 noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs).
Anti-Inflammatory and Autonomic Effects of Electroacupuncture in a Rat Model of Diet-Induced Obesity
Authors: Jie Xiaoyan , Li Xu , Song Jian-Qing , Wang Dan , Wang Jian-Hua 
Published: February 2018

Objective To study the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) on the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway (CAP) by measurement of vagal activity in rats with high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity. Methods Diet-induced obesity (DIO) was induced in 30 rats by feeding them a HFD for 12 weeks. A further 10 rats fed normal food comprised the lean diet (LD) control group. DIO rats were further subdivided into three groups that received a HFD only (HFD group, n=10), a HFD plus electroacupuncture (HFD+EA group, n=10) or a HFD plus minimal acupuncture (HFD+MA group, n=10). EA and MA treatments were continued for 8 weeks. Heart rate variability (HRV) was used to measure the function of the autonomic nervous system before and after treatment. ELISA was used to determine acetylcholine (ACh) and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α levels in the serum. Real-time PCR was used to assess the mRNA expression of α7-subtype nicotinic acetylcholine cholinergic receptors (α7nAChRs) and TNF-α in the mesenteric white adipose tissues (MWAT). Results EA but not MA significantly reduced rats’ bodyweight. No difference was found in the low frequency (LF), high frequency (HF) and the balance between LF and HF (LF/HF) components of HRV before treatment. After the EA intervention, HF was elevated and LF/HF was reduced in the HFD+EA group comparedwith the HFD group. TNF-α in the serum and MWAT were increased in the HFD group, but were reduced in the HFD+EA group. Furthermore, EA promoted expression of α7nAChRs and ACh in the MWAT. There was no difference between the HFD and HFD+MA groups for any indices. Conclusions EA enhanced vagal activity, promoted ACh release and activated α7nAChRs in the MWAT, leading to inhibition of proinflammatory cytokine production.
How effective and cost-effective are innovative combinatorial technologies and practices for supporting older people with long-term conditions to remain well in the community? An evaluation protocol for an NHS Test Bed in North West England
Authors: Varey Sandra , Hernández Alejandra , Palmer Tom M , Mateus Céu , Wilkinson Joann , Dixon Mandy , Milligan Christine 
Published: February 2018

IntroductionThe Lancashire and Cumbria Innovation Alliance (LCIA) Test Bed is a partnership between the National Health Service in England, industry (led by Philips) and Lancaster University. Through the implementation of a combination of innovative health technologies and practices, it aims to determine the most effective and cost-effective ways of supporting frail older people with long-term conditions to remain well in the community. Among the Test Bed’s objectives are to improve patient activation and the ability of older people to self-care at home, reduce healthcare system utilisation, and deliver increased workforce productivity.Methods and analysisPatients aged 55 years and over are recruited to four cohorts defined by their risk of hospital admission, with long-term conditions including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, dementia, diabetes and heart failure. The programme is determined on an individual basis, with a range of technologies available. The evaluation is adopting a two-phase approach: phase 1 includes a bespoke patient survey and a mass matched control analysis; and phase 2 is using observational interviews with patients, and weekly diaries, action learning meetings and focus groups with members of staff and other key stakeholders. Phase 1 data analysis consists of a statistical evaluation of the effectiveness of the programme. A health economic analysis of its costs and associated cost changes will be undertaken. Phase 2 data will be analysed thematically with the aid of Atlas.ti qualitative software. The evaluation is located within a logic model framework, to consider the processes, management and participation that may have implications for the Test Bed’s success.Ethics and disseminationThe LCIA Test Bed evaluation has received ethical approval from the Health Research Authority and Lancaster University’s Faculty of Health and Medicine Research Ethics Committee. A range of dissemination methods are adopted, including deliberative panels to validate findings and develop outcomes for policy and practice.
Pharmacological assessment of the contribution of the arterial baroreflex to sympathetic discharge patterns in healthy humans
Authors: Limberg Jacqueline K. , Ott Elizabeth P. , Holbein Walter W. , Baker Sarah E. , Curry Timothy B. , Nicholson Wayne T. , Joyner Michael J. , Shoemaker J. Kevin 
Published: February 2018

To study how changes in baroreceptor afferent activity affect patterns of sympathetic neural activation, we manipulated arterial blood pressure with intravenous nitroprusside (NTP) and phenylephrine (PE) and measured action potential (AP) patterns with wavelet-based methodology. We hypothesized that 1) baroreflex unloading (NTP) would increase firing of low-threshold axons and recruitment of latent axons and 2) baroreflex loading (PE) would decrease firing of low-threshold axons. Heart rate (HR, ECG), arterial blood pressure (BP, brachial catheter), and muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA, microneurography of peroneal nerve) were measured at baseline and during steady-state systemic, intravenous NTP (0.5–1.2 µg·kg−1·min−1, n = 13) or PE (0.2–1.0 µg·kg−1·min−1, n = 9) infusion. BP decreased and HR and integrated MSNA increased with NTP ( P < 0.01). AP incidence (326 ± 66 to 579 ± 129 APs/100 heartbeats) and AP content per integrated burst (8 ± 1 to 11 ± 2 APs/burst) increased with NTP ( P < 0.05). The firing probability of low-threshold axons increased with NTP, and recruitment of high-threshold axons was observed (22 ± 3 to 24 ± 3 max cluster number, 9 ± 1 to 11 ± 1 clusters/burst; P < 0.05). BP increased and HR and integrated MSNA decreased with PE ( P < 0.05). PE decreased AP incidence (406 ± 128 to 166 ± 42 APs/100 heartbeats) and resulted in fewer unique clusters (15 ± 2 to 9 ± 1 max cluster number, P < 0.05); components of an integrated burst (APs or clusters per burst) were not altered ( P > 0.05). These data support a hierarchical pattern of sympathetic neural activation during manipulation of baroreceptor afferent activity, with rate coding of active neurons playing the predominant role and recruitment/derecruitment of higher-threshold units occurring with steady-state hypotensive stress. NEW & NOTEWORTHY To study how changes in baroreceptor afferent activity affect patterns of sympathetic neural activation, we manipulated arterial blood pressure with intravenous nitroprusside and phenylephrine and measured sympathetic outflow with wavelet-based methodology. Baroreflex unloading increased sympathetic activity by increasing firing probability of low-threshold axons (rate coding) and recruiting new populations of high-threshold axons. Baroreflex loading decreased sympathetic activity by decreasing the firing probability of larger axons (derecruitment); however, the components of an integrated burst were unaffected.
ERβ-Mediated Alteration of circATP2B1 and miR-204-3p Signaling Promotes Invasion of Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Han Zhenwei , Zhang Yong , Sun Yin , Chen Jiaqi , Chang Chawnshang , Wang Xiaolu , Yeh Shuyuan 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Early studies have indicated that estrogen receptor beta (ERβ) can influence the progression of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). Here, we report the mechanistic details of ERβ-mediated progression of ccRCC. ERβ increased ccRCC cell invasion via suppression of circular RNA ATP2B1 (circATP2B1) expression by binding directly to the 5′ promoter region of its host gene ATPase plasma membrane Ca2+ transporting 1 (ATP2B1). ERβ-suppressed circATP2B1 then led to reduced miR-204-3p, which increased fibronectin 1 (FN1) expression and enhanced ccRCC cell invasion. Targeting ERβ with shRNA suppressed ccRCC metastasis in a murine model of RCC; adding circATP2B1 shRNA partly reversed this effect. Consistent with these experimental results, ccRCC patient survival data from The Cancer Genome Atlas indicated that a patient with higher ERβ and FN1 expression had worse overall survival and a patient with higher miR-204-3p expression had significantly better overall survival. Together, these results suggest that ERβ promotes ccRCC cell invasion by altering the ERβ/circATP2B1/miR-204-3p/FN1 axis and that therapeutic targeting of this newly identified pathway may better prevent ccRCC progression.
Significance: These results identify an ERβ/circATP2B1/miR-204-3p/FN1 signaling axis in RCC, suggesting ERβ and circular RNA ATP2B1 as prognostic biomarkers for this disease. Cancer Res; 78(10); 2550–63. ©2018 AACR.