bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New insights into the classification, diversification, and evolutionary dynamics of bromeliads
Authors: Kessous Igor M , Farooq Harith , Testo Weston , Jiménez María Fernanda T , Neves Beatriz , Pinto Alessandra R , Salgueiro Fabiano , Costa Andrea F , Bacon Christine D 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The Neotropics have been host to a myriad of geological and climatic events that have shaped the biodiversity present in the region. Bromeliaceae forms one of the most prominent components of the Neotropical flora, being considered the largest group nearly exclusive to the Americas, with almost 4000 species divided into eight subfamilies. Here, we utilize a new time-calibrated molecular phylogeny including 1268 bromeliad taxa and integrate habitat and morphological data to answer the following questions: (i) Are bromeliad subfamilies monophyletic, and did Neogene and Quaternary events in South America coincide with their divergence? (ii) Did naked seeds of berry-fruited species, epiphytic growth, and climatic factors increase bromeliad diversification? Our analysis reconstructed a new topology concerning some recently diverged lineages, with the genus Bromelia emerging as the sister group of a clade including all remaining Bromelioideae lineages + Puyoideae. Miocene events possibly triggered the diversification of bromeliads after a long period of stasis during the Palaeogene. We hypothesize that the morphological shift between Bromelia and Bromelioideae (except Bromelia) is related to the colonization of a new high-elevation environment by Puyoideae in the Andes. Additionally, our results show that naked seeds and the epiphytic growth form positively influence diversification rate, while precipitation, temperature, and elevation have a negative influence. We emphasize the importance of considering a variety of morphological and ecological features to enhance our understanding of bromeliad evolution.
Temporal dysregulation of the somatomotor network in agitated depression
Authors: Liang Qunjun , Xu Ziyun , Chen Shengli , Lin Shiwei , Lin Xiaoshan , Li Ying , Zhang Yingli , Peng Bo , Hou Gangqiang , Qiu Yingwei 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Agitated depression (A-MDD) is a severe subtype of major depressive disorder, with an increased risk of suicidality and the potential to evolve into bipolar disorder. Despite its clinical significance, the neural basis remains unclear. We hypothesize that psychomotor agitation, marked by pressured speech and racing thoughts, is linked to disruptions in brain dynamics. To test this hypothesis, we examined brain dynamics using time delay estimation and edge-centre time series, as well as dynamic connections between the somatomotor network (SMN) and the default mode network in 44 patients with A-MDD, 75 with non-agitated MDD (NA-MDD), and 94 healthy controls. Our results revealed that the neural co-activity duration was shorter in the A-MDD group compared with both the NA-MDD and controls (A-MDD versus NA-MDD: t = 2.295; A-MDD versus controls: t = 2.192, all P &lt; 0.05). In addition, the dynamic of neural fluctuation in SMN altered in the A-MDD group than in the NA-MDD group (t = −2.616, P = 0.011) and was correlated with agitation severity (β = −0.228, P = 0.011). The inter-network connection was reduced in the A-MDD group compared with the control group (t = 2.102, P = 0.037), especially at low-amplitude time points (t = 2.139, P = 0.034). These findings indicate rapid neural fluctuations and disrupted dynamic coupling between the SMN and default mode network in A-MDD, potentially underlying the psychomotor agitation characteristic of this subtype. These insights contribute to a more nuanced understanding of the heterogeneity of depression and have implications for differential diagnosis and treatment strategies.
A fully phased, chromosome-scale genome of sugar beet line FC309 enables the discovery of Fusarium yellows resistance QTL
Authors: Todd Olivia E , Simpson Sheron , Scheffler Brian , Dorn Kevin M 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) is a global source of table sugar and animal fodder. Here we report a highly contiguous, haplotype phased genome assembly and annotation for sugar beet line FC309. Both assembled haplomes for FC309 represent the largest and most contiguous assembled beet genomes reported to date, as well as gene annotations sets that capture over 1,500 additional protein-coding loci compared to prior beet genome annotations. These new genomic resources were used to identify novel quantitative trait loci (QTL) for Fusarium yellows resistance from the FC309 genetic background using an F2 mapping-by-sequencing approach. The highest QTL signals were detected on Chromosome 3, spanning approximately 10Mbp in both haplomes. A parallel transcriptome profiling experiment identified candidate genes within the Chromosome 3 QTL with plausible roles in disease response, including NBS-LRR genes with expression trends supporting a role in resistance. Investigation of genetic variants in these candidate genes found 1 major disease-resistance protein containing high-effect variants of interest. Collectively, the genomic resources for FC309 presented here are foundational tools for comparative genomics, mapping other traits in the FC309 background, and as a reference genome for other beet studies due to its contiguity, completeness, and high-quality gene annotations.
Development of an Automated Tool for the Estimation of Histological Remission in Ulcerative Colitis Using Single-Wavelength Endoscopy Technology
Authors: Sinonquel Pieter , Lenfant Matthias , Eelbode Tom , Watanabe Hiroki , Callaerts Belian , Bossuyt Peter , Verstockt Bram , Sabino João Pedro Guedelha , De Hertogh Gert , Maes Frederik , Vermeire Séverine , Bisschops Raf 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background and Aims
Ulcerative colitis (UC) management employs a strategy targeting histological and endoscopic remission. Correlation of white light endoscopy (WLE) scores with histological activity is limited. Single-wavelength endoscopy (SWE), addressing microvascular changes reflecting histological disease activity, may better assess histological remission. Our goal was to assess the accuracy of a computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) system for histological activity estimation in UC, based on either WLE or SWE.

Methods
We collected 6926 sets of corresponding WLE and SWE frames in 112 patients with UC, using a prototype endoscopic system enabling both imaging methods (FUJIFILM, Tokyo, Japan). Histological remission (Geboes score ≤ 2B.0) assessed at the location of imaging was annotated for all frames, and separate WLE-CAD and SWE-CAD models were trained using deep learning for automated detection of histological remission with either imaging modality.

Results
Initial training of both models on the same subset of 42 patients resulted in SWE-CAD outperforming WLE-CAD with a mean sensitivity of 88.0% vs 73.9% (p &lt; 0.001), a mean specificity of 71.7% vs 65.6% (p = 0.45), and a diagnostic accuracy of 83.3% vs 67.5% (p &lt; 0.005), respectively. Consecutive training of the SWE-CAD model on the entire dataset (112 patients) resulted in an accuracy of 95.2%, sensitivity of 96.4%, and specificity of 92.9% on a section level.

Conclusions
By utilizing automated CAD based on non-magnifying SWE for enhanced capillary visibility vs WLE, histological remission was detected with 95.2% diagnostic accuracy in patients with UC, offering stable objectivity and helping to exclude inter-reader variability.
Percutaneous coil embolization of a post-traumatic left anterior descending coronary artery pseudoaneurysm: a case report
Authors: Espinoza Joaquin , Byer Marina , Vasquez Moises , Yavagal Dileep R , Chatzizisis Yiannis S 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Coronary artery pseudoaneurysm (PSA) is a rare occurrence linked to percutaneous coronary interventions (PCIs), infection, or chest trauma, lacking established management guidelines due to its low incidence.

Case summary
A 78-year-old male with a medical history of triple vessel disease, post coronary artery bypass grafting, heart failure, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, presented with intractable left-sided chest pain following a mechanical fall. The initial workup was positive for mildly elevated high-sensitivity troponin and brain natriuretic peptide raising suspicion for a pulmonary embolism; but chest computed tomography angiography revealed an enlarging pericardial haematoma. Further computed tomographic coronary angiography exposed a mid-left anterior descending (LAD) interrupted segment concerning for a contained ruptured PSA. Left heart catheterization confirmed the suspicion, showing a collection of contrast at the haematoma site following injection of contrast into the saphenous vein graft to the diagonal artery. The patient underwent percutaneous PSA coiling, successfully occluding blood inflows from both the first diagonal and distal LAD. There were no subsequent electrocardiogram changes or further elevation in troponin levels ensuring the integrity of the LAD vital branches.

Discussion
Coronary PSA results from the dissection of at least one layer of the vessel wall leading to blood extravasation. Although they are usually associated with PCI complications, the absence of haemopericardium in prior imaging makes the recent blunt chest trauma the most likely cause of this patient’s presentation. Percutaneous coiling of inflow vessels to PSAs proved to be a suitable option in this case of a patient with a history of sternotomy and an expanding pericardial haematoma.
Giant aneurysmal degeneration after subintimal fluoropolymer-coated paclitaxel-eluting stent implantation for the superficial femoral artery occlusion: a case report
Authors: Miwa Kenji , Minamikawa Ryusuke , Iida Osamu , Furusho Hiroshi , Yasuda Toshihiko 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Drug-eluting therapies remarkably reduce the incidence of restenosis and have revolutionized endovascular strategies for femoropopliteal lesions in patients with peripheral artery disease, nevertheless, concerns have arisen over the risk of aneurysmal degeneration after using an Eluvia polymer-based drug-eluting stent (DES).

Case summary
We present a case of an 80-year-old male who developed a giant aneurysm long-term after Eluvia implantation. He noticed a pulsatile mass in his thigh without any decrease in the ankle-brachial index 27 months after subintimal DES placement for superficial femoral artery (SFA) chronic total occlusion. Duplex ultrasonography (DUS) showed a giant cavity outside the vessel and a to-and-fro flow between the cavity and the SFA at the Elvia stents overlapped in the subintimal space. Endovascular-covered stents successfully sealed the cavity and reduced the size of the aneurysm at follow-up DUS.

Discussion
The aneurysmal degeneration, the so-called ‘low echoic area’ around the stent by ultrasound, is a relatively common finding after Eluvia DES implantation. It is thought to have little association with clinical events up to 2 years, however, the nature of this phenomenon remains unclear, and some cases present with clinical worsening. In this case, the development of a giant aneurysm could be induced by the overlapping stent not only by the local drug and polymer overdose but also by the increased mechanical force exerted against the fragile outer wall of the subintimal structure.
Association of modifiable lifestyle risk factors with high-sensitivity troponin T and I concentrations and clinical outcomes
Authors: Bay Benjamin , Pieper Luise , Goßling Alina , Kaatze Kevin , Kellner Caroline , Arnold Natalie , Blaum Christopher , Rohde Julia , Köster Lukas , Lorenz Thiess , Zeller Tanja , Blankenberg Stefan , Waldeyer Christoph , Brunner Fabian J 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Aims
We aimed to investigate the association between the burden of modifiable lifestyle risk factors (modLRF) with high-sensitivity cardiac troponins T and I (hsTnT/I) and clinical outcomes in a contemporary cohort.

Methods and results
Patients undergoing coronary angiography with available hsTnT/I concentrations and information about modLRF were included in the current single-centre study. The modLRF investigated were overweight, lack of physical activity, poor adherence to a Mediterranean diet, and current smoking. To evaluate the impact of modLRF on hsTnT/I levels, a linear regression model was used. A Cox regression analysis was computed to investigate the association of hsTnT/I levels with clinical outcomes, stratified by the burden of modLRF, and a C-index was calculated to investigate the additive predictive benefit of the integration of hsTn on top of a base model containing modLRF only. Outcomes of interest were all-cause mortality and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). In the overall study population of n = 1716 patients, the median troponin levels were 15.0 ng/L (Interquartile [IQR] 8.0, 29.0) and 7.6 ng/L (IQR 3.3, 18.6) for hsTnT and I, respectively. An increasing number of modLRF were independently associated with elevated hsTnT and I concentrations. Moreover, hsTnT and hsTnI were independently associated with all-cause mortality in patients with 1–2 and ≥3 modLRF, and an incremental value of the integration of hsTnT and hsTnI was noted, especially in the prediction of all-cause mortality. Lastly, an independent association of hsTnI with MACE was documented in patients with 1–2 modLRF, which was not the case for hsTnT.

Conclusion
Increasing numbers of modLRF are associated with elevated concentrations of hsTnT and I, whilst the predictive capability of troponins varied according to the presence of modLRF. Further prospective studies are needed to investigate whether targeting modLRF might result in lower hsTn concentrations and improved outcomes.

Lay summary
This study investigated whether certain lifestyle risk factors, such as being overweight, lack of exercise, current smoking, and a poor diet, affect the levels of specific heart damage markers in the blood (high-sensitivity troponins T and I) as well as clinical outcomes. Patients with a number burden of unhealthy lifestyle factors had higher levels of both heart damage markers in their blood.How well troponin blood levels could predict health outcomes varied significantly based on a number of lifestyle risk factors.
Aortic dimension in elite athletes: updated systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Carbone Andreina , Monda Emanuele , Ferrara Francesco , Franzese Monica , Bottino Roberta , Russo Valentina , Cirillo Chiara , Rega Salvatore , Cittadini Antonio , Pelliccia Antonio , Limongelli Giuseppe , Bossone Eduardo 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Aims
To assess the presence and the extent of an ‘aortic remodelling’ in elite athletes.

Methods and results
A systematic review and meta-analysis of literature were conducted for studies (1981–2024) reporting echocardiographic aortic diameters of elite athletes compared with non-athlete healthy controls. Among the 5494 studies retrieved, 21 (9464 elite athletes vs. 2637 non-athlete controls) fulfilled all eligibility criteria. Data were aggregated using a random-effects model for estimating the pooled risk ratio and mean difference (MD). Absolute aortic diameters at the sinus of Valsalva (AoSV) were higher in overall elite athletes compared with non-athlete healthy controls {MD 1.69 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.01–2.37] mm; P &lt; 0.001} and if stratified to sex. This difference was maintained if AoSV was indexed to height (AoSV/h) [MD 0.04 (95% CI −0.00–0.08) mm/m; effect size 2.18 (95% CI 1.10–3.26); P &lt; 0.001]. The analysis of AoSV/h according to sex was not performed for the paucity of studies. However, when indexed to body surface area (AoSV/BSA), no differences were found between the two groups [MD 0.04 (95% CI −0.25–0.34) mm/m2; P = 0.880], also according to sex. Above findings were not influenced by age.

Conclusion
Absolute AoSV was mildly larger in athletes compared with non-athlete healthy controls, even when indexed to height. However, no differences were evident when indexed by BSA, irrespective of sex, type of sport, and age. Therefore, assessment of the aortic size in elite athletes should consider the proper normalization in order to avoid misdiagnosis of aortopathies.

Registration
PROSPERO: CRD42024561255

Lay summary
Aortic diameters evaluation in athletes represents an important topic in cardiology and the knowledge about the aortic remodelling driven by intense exercise would allow for the correct management of athletes by differentiating those with pathologic enlargement from those with physiologic adaptation. This comprehensive meta-analysis highlights mildly larger absolute aortic diameters at the sinus of Valsalva diameters in elite athletes compared with non-athlete healthy controls, even when indexed to height. However, no differences were evident when indexed by body surface area, irrespective of sex, type of sport, and age.Assessment of the aortic size in elite athletes should consider the proper normalization in order to avoid misdiagnosis of aortopathies.
Evaluating the socioeconomic benefits of heat-health warning systems
Authors: Rao Shilpa , Chaudhary Prayash , Budin-Ljøsne Isabelle , Sitoula Susan , Aunan Kristin , Chersich Matthew , de’ Donato Francesca , Kazmierczak Aleksandra 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Heat-health early warning systems (HHWS) are an important collaborative activity between the meteorological and health communities. This study aimed to map the evidence on the socioeconomic assessment of HHWS and their effectiveness in terms of averting heat related health outcomes. It also aimed to map the technical, structural, and societal barriers and facilitators to implementation and use of HHWS. We use two methods: (i) a scoping review of literature on the economic assessment and health benefit of climate services for heat-health adaptation (ii) a set of interviews with climate service developers and providers in Europe and Africa to understand further technical and societal aspects as well as evaluation of such services. We find that HHWS can be a cost-effective adaptation option that can reduce heat-related mortality and morbidity, especially in vulnerable groups like the elderly. We find that challenges such as lack of long-term and reliable funding, difficulties in making the climate data relevant, comprehensible, and accessible to different end-users, cultural differences between climate and health professionals, and limited ability to assess the services’ real impact need to be accounted for while implementing these services.
Rapid evolution of recombination landscapes during the divergence of cichlid ecotypes in Lake Masoko
Authors: Talbi Marion , Turner George F , Malinsky Milan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Variation of recombination rate along the genome is of crucial importance to rapid adaptation and organismal diversification. Many unknowns remain regarding how and why recombination landscapes evolve in nature. Here, we reconstruct recombination maps based on linkage disequilibrium and use subsampling and simulations to derive a new measure of recombination landscape evolution: the Population Recombination Divergence Index (PRDI). Using PRDI, we show that fine-scale recombination landscapes differ substantially between two cichlid fish ecotypes of Astatotilapia calliptera that diverged only ~2,500 generations ago. Perhaps surprisingly, recombination landscape differences are not driven by divergence in terms of allele frequency (FST) and nucleotide diversity (Δ(π)): although there is some association, we observe positive PRDI in regions where FST and Δ(π) are zero. We found a stronger association between the evolution of recombination and 47 large haplotype blocks that are polymorphic in Lake Masoko, cover 21% of the genome, and appear to include multiple inversions. Among haplotype blocks, there is a strong and clear association between the degree of recombination divergence and differences between ecotypes in heterozygosity, consistent with recombination suppression in heterozygotes. Overall, our work provides a holistic view of changes in population recombination landscapes during the early stages of speciation with gene flow.
Extended phenotype affects somatic phenotype in spiders: web builders have lower estimated biting forces than free hunters
Authors: Black Corinthia R , Shultz Jeffrey W , Wood Hannah M 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Reciprocal selection between extended and somatic phenotypes is an active area of investigation. Recent research on the influence of web-building on somatic evolution in spiders has produced conflicting results, with some finding no effect of web use on somatic evolution and others showing significant effects. These studies differed in focus, with the former surveying general anatomical traits and the latter concentrating on somatic systems with significant functional roles in prey capture. Here we propose and test the hypothesis that prey immobilization by webs is broadly synergistic with cheliceral biting force and that web builders have lower cheliceral forces compared to free hunters. Our analysis focused on the intercheliceral (IC) sclerite and muscles, a newly characterized system that is synapomorphic and ubiquitously distributed in spiders. Using µCT scans, we quantify IC sclerite shape and model IC muscle function. Statistical analyses show that inferred size-corrected isometric muscle force is lower in web-builders than in free hunters. No such association was found for IC sclerite shape. In the investigation of reciprocal selective effects between extended and somatic phenotypes, our results highlight the importance that these traits be functionally linked and adaptive.
Single-Cell Transcriptomics Reveals Evolutionary Reconfiguration of Embryonic Cell Fate Specification in the Sea Urchin Heliocidaris erythrogramma
Authors: Massri Abdull J , Berrio Alejandro , Afanassiev Anton , Greenstreet Laura , Pipho Krista , Byrne Maria , Schiebinger Geoffrey , McClay David R , Wray Gregory A 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Altered regulatory interactions during development likely underlie a large fraction of phenotypic diversity within and between species, yet identifying specific evolutionary changes remains challenging. Analysis of single-cell developmental transcriptomes from multiple species provides a powerful framework for unbiased identification of evolutionary changes in developmental mechanisms. Here, we leverage a “natural experiment” in developmental evolution in sea urchins, where a major life history switch recently evolved in the lineage leading to Heliocidaris erythrogramma, precipitating extensive changes in early development. Comparative analyses of single-cell transcriptome analysis (scRNA-seq) developmental time courses from H. erythrogramma and Lytechinus variegatus (representing the derived and ancestral states, respectively) reveal numerous evolutionary changes in embryonic patterning. The earliest cell fate specification events and the primary signaling center are co-localized in the ancestral developmental gene regulatory network; remarkably, in H. erythrogramma, they are spatially and temporally separate. Fate specification and differentiation are delayed in most embryonic cell lineages, although in some cases, these processes are conserved or even accelerated. Comparative analysis of regulator-target gene co-expression is consistent with many specific interactions being preserved but delayed in H. erythrogramma, while some otherwise widely conserved interactions have likely been lost. Finally, specific patterning events are directly correlated with evolutionary changes in larval morphology, suggesting that they are directly tied to the life history shift. Together, these findings demonstrate that comparative scRNA-seq developmental time courses can reveal a diverse set of evolutionary changes in embryonic patterning and provide an efficient way to identify likely candidate regulatory interactions for subsequent experimental validation.