bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Retrieval of water vapor using ground-based observations from a prototype ATOMMS active centimeter- and millimeter-wavelength occultation instrument
Authors: Ward Dale M. , Kursinski E. Robert , Otarola Angel C. , Stovern Michael , McGhee Josh , Young Abe , Hainsworth Jared , Hagen Jeff , Sisk William , Reed Heather 
Published: March 2019

Abstract. A fundamental goal of satellite weather and climate observations is profiling
the atmosphere with in situ-like precision and resolution with absolute
accuracy and unbiased, all-weather, global coverage. While GPS radio
occultation (RO) has perhaps come closest in terms of profiling the gas state
from orbit, it does not provide sufficient information to simultaneously
profile water vapor and temperature. We have been developing the Active
Temperature, Ozone and Moisture Microwave Spectrometer (ATOMMS) RO system
that probes the 22 and 183 GHz water vapor absorption lines to
simultaneously profile temperature and water vapor from the lower troposphere
to the mesopause. Using an ATOMMS instrument prototype between two
mountaintops, we have demonstrated its ability to penetrate through water
vapor, clouds and rain up to optical depths of 17 (7 orders of magnitude
reduction in signal power) and still isolate the vapor absorption line
spectrum to retrieve water vapor with a random uncertainty of less than
1 %. This demonstration represents a key step toward an orbiting ATOMMS
system for weather, climate and constraining processes. ATOMMS water vapor
retrievals from orbit will not be biased by climatological or first-guess
constraints and will be capable of capturing nearly the full range of
variability through the atmosphere and around the globe, in both clear and
cloudy conditions, and will therefore greatly improve our understanding and
analysis of water vapor. This information can be used to improve weather and
climate models through constraints on and refinement of processes affecting
and affected by water vapor.
The 4.2 ka BP Event in the Mediterranean region: an overview
Authors: Bini Monica , Zanchetta Giovanni , Perşoiu Aurel , Cartier Rosine , Català Albert , Cacho Isabel , Dean Jonathan R. , Di Rita Federico , Drysdale Russell N. , Finnè Martin , Isola Ilaria , Jalali Bassem , Lirer Fabrizio , Magri Donatella , Masi Alessia , Marks Leszek , Mercuri Anna Maria , Peyron Odile , Sadori Laura , Sicre Marie-Alexandrine , Welc Fabian , Zielhofer Christoph , Brisset Elodie 
Published: March 2019

Abstract. The Mediterranean region and the
Levant have returned some of the clearest evidence of a climatically dry
period occurring around 4200 years ago. However, some regional evidence is
controversial and contradictory, and issues remain regarding timing,
progression, and regional articulation of this event. In this paper, we review
the evidence from selected proxies (sea-surface temperature, precipitation,
and temperature reconstructed from pollen, δ18O on
speleothems, and δ18O on lacustrine carbonate) over the
Mediterranean Basin to infer possible regional climate patterns during the
interval between 4.3 and 3.8 ka. The values and limitations of
these proxies are discussed, and their potential for furnishing information
on seasonality is also explored. Despite the chronological uncertainties,
which are the main limitations for disentangling details of the climatic
conditions, the data suggest that winter over the Mediterranean involved drier
conditions, in addition to already dry summers. However, some exceptions to
this prevail – where wetter conditions seem to have persisted – suggesting
regional heterogeneity in climate patterns. Temperature data, even if sparse,
also suggest a cooling anomaly, even if this is not uniform. The most common
paradigm to interpret the precipitation regime in the Mediterranean – a
North Atlantic Oscillation-like pattern – is not completely satisfactory to
interpret the selected data.
Technical note: Changes in cross- and auto-dependence structures in climate projections of daily precipitation and their sensitivity to outliers
Authors: Hnilica Jan , Hanel Martin , Puš Vladimír 
Published: March 2019

Abstract. Simulations of regional or global climate models are often used
for climate change impact assessment. To eliminate systematic errors, which
are inherent to all climate model simulations, a number of post-processing
(statistical downscaling) methods have been proposed recently. In addition
to basic statistical properties of simulated variables, some of these
methods also consider a dependence structure between or within variables. In
the present paper we assess the changes in cross- and auto-correlation
structures of daily precipitation in six regional climate model simulations.
In addition the effect of outliers is explored making a distinction between
ordinary outliers (i.e. values exceptionally small or large) and dependence
outliers (values deviating from dependence structures). It is demonstrated
that correlation estimates can be strongly influenced by a few outliers even
in large datasets. In turn, any statistical downscaling method relying on
sample correlation can therefore provide misleading results. An exploratory
procedure is proposed to detect the dependence outliers in multivariate
data and to quantify their impact on correlation structures.
NARRATIVA, HISTÓRIA DE VIDA E APRENDIZAGEM HISTÓRICA
Authors: Fernandes Sandro Luis , Schmidt Maria Auxiliadora 
Published: March 2019

O trabalho tem como foco a análise desenvolvida nas produções de narrativas de uma turma de oitavo ano de Escola da Cidade Industrial de Curitiba (CIC): região ocupada por migrantes a partir dos anos 1970. Um estudo exploratório considerado a primeira fase da pesquisa ação, detectou a ausência de relações entre a história da localidade e as memórias individuais e coletivas dos alunos. A partir dos resultados obtidos foi dada continuidade à pesquisa ação, adotando-se estratégias como narrativas autobiográficas, produção de árvore genealógica, entrevistas e pesquisa documental/internet. Elementos obtidos no resultado final indicam a importância de narrativas autobiográficas como referência para o trabalho da aula histórica, cujo objetivo é a formação da consciência histórica, isto é, o autoconhecimento dos alunos, bem como sua relação com a memória e a construção de identidades, para dentro, isto é, a relação consigo mesmo e, para fora, a relação com o outro, na perspectiva da orientação temporal do presente, passado e futuro.
UMA ABORDAGEM HISTÓRICA DE PRÁTICAS E REPRESENTAÇÕES DA ASSISTÊNCIA E DA EDUCAÇÃO VOLTADAS À PRIMEIRA INFÂNCIA EM FRANCISCO BELTRÃO/PR
Authors: Machado Cortelini Conceição Caroline 
Published: March 2019

Este texto tem como proposta visibilizar processos de constituição da infância na sociedade. Realiza uma abordagem histórica do atendimento à primeira infância em Francisco Beltrão/PR, assinalando diferentes práticas. Tem como base teórica e metodológica a História Cultural. Documentos escritos e orais compõem o material de análise da pesquisa. Tem destaque o papel desempenhado pela Associação de Proteção à Maternidade e a Infância desde o início da organização política do município. A pesquisa permite perceber o lugar ocupado pela infância na sociedade ao visibilizar práticas e representações que dizem respeito à criança, à assistência social e à educação.
A CULTURA HISTÓRICA COMO POSSIBILIDADE INVESTIGATIVA A PARTIR DE HISTÓRIAS EM QUADRINHOS (AUTO)BIOGRÁFICAS COM PERSONAGENS HISTÓRICOS LATINO-AMERICANOS
Authors: Fronza Marcelo 
Published: March 2019

Este estudo investiga como a cultura histórica latinoamericana está relacionada com a forma como os jovens tomam o conhecimento para si a partir de histórias em quadrinhos (auto)biográficas. A investigação é estruturada nas relações entre a cultura jovem, as histórias em quadrinhos e a cultura histórica de uma sociedade. Parte-se da preocupação de compreender os processos históricos vinculados à relação entre a interculturalidade e o novo humanismo (RÜSEN, 2014) e o princípio da “burdening history” proposto Bodo von Borries (2016), o qual propõe que o fardo da história pode ser superado pela interpretação multiperspectivada instauradora de controvérsia provida pela autocrítica na teoria da história (FREITAS, 2017). Analisam-se historias em quadrinhos que narram experiências (auto)biográficas de sujeitos que enfrentaram e resistiram à escravidão, à violência política e ao racismo na América Latina e participaram dos processos revolucionários de Cuba. Além disso, o gênero (auto)biográfico nos quadrinhos é fundamental para a compreensão da imagem pública dos sujeitos.
A PERCEPÇÃO DOS PROFESSORES SOBRE A ESCOLA DE TEMPO INTEGRAL: O CASO DO CEPI AMÉLIA ISSA
Authors: Da Silva Caixeta Wender , Ribeiro Cristiane Maria 
Published: March 2019

Este trabalho objetivou analisar as percepções de professores acerca da Escola Pública de Tempo Integral (ETI) tendo como objeto de estudo Centro de Ensino em Período Integral Amélia Issa, localizada em Orizona-Go, pertencente à Rede Estadual de Educação de Goiás. A pesquisa de natureza qualitativa foi realizada sob a perspectiva de estudo de caso e teve como metodologia a análise documental, a observação participante natural e aplicação de questionários aos professores da escola investigada. Os dados mostraram que a maioria dos professores consideram a ETI muito necessária ao contexto escolar, embora suas percepções ainda apontem marcas assistencialistas que sustentam esta concepção. Constatamos também a precariedade nas condições de trabalho no que tange à falta de espaços específicos para a execução das atividades variadas, o que implica na reorganização dos espaços e tumulto na escola. Concluímos que o estado exerce uma atuação tênue no tocante aos subsídios para manutenção desta organização escolar. Para tanto, nossos achados, enfatizam que não basta estender a jornada escolar no tocante à carga horária, é preciso que haja espaços físicos apropriados e recursos pedagógicos para a melhoria desta organização escolar enquanto política pública.
REFLEXÃO SOBRE A NATUREZA DO TRABALHO PEDAGÓGICO DE PROFESSORES ENFERMEIROS
Authors: Campos Guimarães de Araújo Reila , Silva Campos Costa Nilce Maria , Alves Silva Gleydson 
Published: March 2019

Objetivo: refletir sobre o processo de formação dos professores enfermeiros e o impacto que o trabalho docente provoca no processo formativo de seus educandos. Método: esse artigo é fruto de discussões teóricas na disciplina de Trabalho docente do Programa de Pós-graduação em Educação da Universidade Federal de Goiás. Trata-se de estudo exploratório e descritivo, de revisão bibliográfica, de abordagem predominantemente qualitativa através de análise crítica dos artigos. Considerações finais: ao refletir sobre as formas diversificadas de ensinar em Enfermagem torna-se relevante compreender a trajetória formativa necessária para construir uma identidade docente pois a memória educativa do enfermeiro impacta no seu comportamento ‘pedagógico’, e geralmente os enfermeiros assumem o cargo de docente sem nenhuma experiência e/ou conhecimento sobre as Políticas de Educação, considerando ser formação pedagógica os cursos esporádicos que fazem ao longo da carreira docente.
The Relevance of the Belmont Report to Research Using Animals
Authors: Robinson Frances 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Prejudice (unjustifiable bias) in the selection of the subjects of scientific research is morally unacceptable. Indeed, the occurrence of prejudice in the Tuskegee Syphilis Study prompted the production of the Belmont Report, setting out the basic ethical principles for the protection of human subjects of biomedical and behavioral research. The relevance of the Belmont Report to the protection of all animal subjects of scientific research is discussed.
Perceptions of the affordable care act by Physician Assistants
Authors: Reinhold Martina I. , Bacon-Baguley Theresa 
Published: March 2019

Objective: Implementation of the affordable care act (ACA) resulted in an increased number of insured individuals and a shortage of primary care physicians. Physician Assistants (PAs) are poised to address this shortage since the PA profession is grounded in teamwork exemplified by the Accountable Care Organizations supported by the ACA. This study assesses the perception of the ACA by PAs providing healthcare services during implementation of the ACA.Methods: In this repeated cross-sectional study, alumni from a Midwest PA program were surveyed in 2014, 2016 and 2018 on knowledge and perception of the ACA. Questions addressed the ACA impact on the PA profession and on patients’ access to healthcare.Results: During the initial four years of ACA implementation, the following increases in perception were seen: 1) 32% increase in positive outlook of healthcare; 2) 37% increase in positive influence on PA practice; 3) 30% increase in positive impact of practice autonomy; 4) 64% increase in positive impact for patients; and 5) 33% increase in patient access to care. Additionally, the inability to choose a provider increased by 18%.Conclusions: Over the last four years PAs have perceived positive effects pertaining to their practice and regarding the impact on their patients despite an increase in the inability to choose a provider. Inability to choose a provider may in part be due to the rising number of narrow-network plans. The findings of greater autonomy and increased compensation for PAs are contrary to physicians who perceive the ACA to decrease their autonomy and their compensation.
Rüzgar Enerjisi ve Çevresel Potansiyelinin Keşan Örneği Üzerinden İncelenmesi
Authors: KUZGUN Hilal , ÖZTAŞ Hilal , KURSUN Berrin 
Published: March 2019

Enerji ihtiyacının sürekli artması, yaygın kullanılan
enerji kaynaklarının kısıtlı, tükenebilir ve çevreye zararlı olması alternatif
enerji kaynaklarının kullanılmasını gerekli kılmıştır. Bu çalışmada amaç,
rüzgar enerjisinin mesken elektrik enerjisi ihtiyacını karşılamakta ne kadar
sürdürülebilir bir seçenek olduğunu incelemektir. İnceleme sonucunda, Edirne
ili rüzgar türübini kurulumu için en uygun bölgelerden biri olarak
belirlenmiştir. Edirne’de ekonomik olarak rüzgar enerji santrali (RES) kurulumu
için uygun rüzgar hızı ve kapasite faktörü değerine sahip bölgelerinden olan
Keşan ilçesi için 2018 yılı nüfusu ve nüfusun gerekli mesken
elektrik ihtiyacı dikkate alındığında, 19 MW’ lık bir RES yatırımının ilçenin
mesken elektrik ihtiyacını karşılayacağı tespit edilmiştir. Yapılan projeksiyon
çalışmaları sonucunda 2050 yılına kadar gerekli mesken elektrik ihtiyacının karşılanması için ise 165 MW’lık RES kurulması
gerekmektedir. Ayrıca, çalışmamızda rüzgar enerjisinden elektrik eldesi
sonucunda oluşan CO2 salınımları ile Türkiye’de mevcut durumda
elektrik üretimi sonucu CO2 salınımları karşılaştırılmıştır.
Elektrik ihtiyacının rüzgar enerjisiyle karşılanması durumunda, CO2
salınımında %97,96 azalma
sağlanacağı belirlenmiştir. Keşan özelinde rüzgar enerjisinin 2050 yılına kadar
Keşan’daki elektrik ihtiyacını karşılama potansiyeline sahip olduğu belirlenmiş
ve Türkiye’nin rüzgar enerji potansiyelini maksimum
kapasitede kullanması ile ülkenin karbon salınımı azaltım hedeflerine
ulaşılmasında büyük katkı sağlayabilecek düzeyde olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Reduction of Detrimental Effect of Soybean Oil in-vivo Using Watermelon White Rind Extract
Authors: El-Ghandour Hanan M. 
Published: March 2019

Aim: To study the effect of white rind extract on decreasing soybean oil impact on calcium and phosphorous blood levels in vivo.
Method: Dried watermelon white rind was directed to mycotoxin and elemental determinations to assure its safe usage. Soybean oil was subjected to fatty acid and GC-MS analysis. Biological experiment was conducted using male albino rats fed diet prepared by soybean oil and supplied with aqueous watermelon white rind extract for two months’ interval period. At the end of the experiment, the calcium and phosphorus in blood were determined.
Results: The rind was free from aflatoxin and ochratoxin. Watermelon white rind aqueous extract contained iron, copper, potassium, chromium and selenium at concentration ranges of 3.4, 0.53, 45.51, 0.0142 and 0.0985 ppm, respectively.
Soybean oil had free fatty acid, peroxide value, iodine number and anisidine value of 0.43%, 13.62 meq O2/Kg, 132 and 0.7, respectively.
GC-MS analysis of soy oil ascertained the presence of twenty-four compounds: linoleic acid, methyl ester (25.27%), monensin (15.75%), elaidic acid (9.24%), nonadecanoic acid, methyl ester (7.04%), cis-13-eicosenoic acid (4.92%), cis-vaccenic acid (4.68%), linoleic acid (4.67%), palmitoleic acid (4.46%), 9-tetradecenal (4.42%) and cysteine (4.18%)were the most predominant.
Fatty acid profile of the oil showed that the ratio of saturated fatty acid to unsaturated fatty acids was 1:5.
Conclusion: Rats fed diet prepared by soybean oil had a decreased calcium level in comparison with negative control (p<0.05). Supplementation with watermelon white rind aqueous extract rendered calcium level to normal status as negative control. Phosphorus level wasn’t affected by soya oil.
Nutrition and Physical Activities in the Schools: A Qualitative Study of Children Perceptions in Brunei Darussalam
Authors: Ahmad Siti Rohaiza , Schubert Lisa , Bush Robert 
Published: March 2019

Aims: The aim of the study was to elicit opinions and attitudes towards healthy eating and physical activity in their schools and barriers towards the activities.
Study Design: Qualitative study.
Place and Duration of Study: Primary school settings in Brunei Darussalam. Duration of the study was January 2012 – January 2013.
Methodology: Five focus groups of primary school students in years 4, 5, and 6 were conducted at 5 selected primary schools in Brunei Darussalam. The focus group session was between 30 minutes and 45 minutes duration and was divided into two separate sections: ‘healthy eating' and ‘physical activity'. Interviews were transcribed verbatim into a word document and names were removed to ensure confidentiality and anonymity. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the collected data.
Results: Thematic analysis of the focus group discussions with children produced the following three themes: ‘healthy eating and physical activity are important for a healthy and strong body free of disease’, ‘unhealthy foods make us fat, cause diabetes and are bad for teeth’ and ,physical activity mainly related to playing together in groups.’
Conclusion: The children have a good understanding of the detrimental effect of poor diet and inactivity on physical health, but, without a supportive environment, children are faced with a significant barrier in translating their knowledge into action. The students were keen to do more fun activities such as sports activities in the school but were hindered by the availability of time, equipment and safety within the school compound.
Food Derived Bioactive Peptides for Health Enhancement and Management of Some Chronic Diseases
Authors: Ogori A. F. , Girgih A. T. , Abu J. O. , Eke M. O. 
Published: March 2019

The bioactive peptides produced by enzymatic hydrolysis, acid hydrolysis and fermentation approach have been identified and used widely in research. These methods are important in enhancement or prevention and management of chronic diseases that are ravaging the world such as type -2-diabetes, hypertension, oxidative stress, cancer, and obesity. Sources of bioactive peptides have been established ranging from plant to animal and marine foods that have pharmacological effects; however these effects are dependent on target cells and peptides structure and conformations. Plants such as hemp and animal source such as milk among others validate the findings of In vitro and In-vivo studies and the efficiency of these bioactive peptides in the management of certain chronic diseases. This article reviews the literature on bioactive peptides with concern on food sources, production and bioactive peptides application in enhancement of health and management of hypertension, diabetes and oxidative stress. Future research efforts on bioactive peptides should be directed towards elucidating specific sequenced bioactive peptides and their molecular mechanisms, through In-vivo and In-vitro studies for specific health condition in human using nutrigenomics and peptideomic approaches.
Phytochemical Investigation and In-vitro Antifungal Activity of Essential Oil from the Roots of Selinum vaginatum C. B. Clarke
Authors: Kumar Pawan , Kumar Sanjay , Javed Mohammad S. , Tewari A. K. , Bisht K. S. 
Published: March 2019

Aim: The study was to evaluate the phytogenic chemical compounds and Antifungal Activity of essential oil from roots of Selinum vaginatum C.B. Clarke, growing in the Himalayan region of Jammu & Kashmir.
Methodology: The essential oil was analyzed by Gas Chromatography & Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry in relation with their Kavot indices and mass spectra.
Results: The oil was found completely dominated by oxygenated sesquiterpenoids (71.9%) which includes 14-hydroxy-δ-cadinene (37.5%), khusinol (20.7%), viridiflorol (8.0%), acorenone -B (4.2%) and 14-oxy-α-muurolene (1.1%) whereas δ-cadinene (8.9%), α-copaene (6.8%), germacrene-A (2.5%), and β-caryophyllene (1.3%) were the major compounds among sesquiterpenoids. Monoterpenoids constituted as the minor portion (3.8%) of essential oil. The oil was found almost free from oxygenated monoterpenoids (0.2%). The roots of S. vaginatum are used in folk lore medicines in Jammu & Kashmir. The oil from the roots showed marked antifungal activity. The oil had shown 100% mycelia growth inhibition against A. tenuis, C. graminicola, R. solani and S. sclerotiorum at a concentration of 500 µg/ml, 2000 µg/mL, 2000 µg/mL and 300 µg/mL respectively. However F. oxysporum was found less susceptible to the root oil of S. vaginatum. The IC50 values showed a range from 57.4 µg/mL–74.7 µg/mL as compared to standard fungicides with IC50 values 32.8 µg/mL–98.6 µg/mL. The spore germination inhibition test revealed the root oil as a potent inhibitor with IC50 values as 201.4 µg/mL, 414.7 µg/mL and 784.7 µg/mL for A. tenuis, C. graminicola and F. oxysporum. Conclusion: Our study showed that14-hydroxy-δ-cadinene (37.5%), khusinol (20.7%), & viridiflorol (8.0%) are the major components in this oil and possessed potent antifungal activity against test fungal strain, respectively.