bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of a novel oncogenic mutation of FGFR4 in gastric cancer
Authors: Futami Takashi , Kawase Tatsuya , Mori Kenichi , Asaumi Makoto , Kihara Rumi , Shindoh Nobuaki , Kuromitsu Sadao 
Published: October 2019

AbstractGastric cancer remains one of the leading causes of cancer death worldwide. Despite intensive investigations of treatments over the past three decades, the poor prognosis of patients with unresectable advanced or recurrent gastric cancer has not significantly changed, and improved therapies are required. Here, we report the identification of an oncogenic mutation in FGFR4 in a human gastric tumour that leads to constitutive activation of its product, FGFR4. The G636C-FGFR4 tyrosine kinase domain mutation was found in 1 of 83 primary human gastric tumours. The G636C mutation increased FGFR4 autophosphorylation, and activated FGFR4 downstream signalling molecules and enhanced anchorage-independent cell growth when expressed in NIH/3T3 cells. 3D-structural analysis and modelling of FGFR4 suggest that G636C destabilizes an auto-inhibitory conformation and stabilizes an active conformation, leading to increased kinase activation. Ba/F3 cell lines expressing the G636C-FGFR4 mutant were significantly more sensitive to ASP5878, a selective FGFR inhibitor, than the control. Oral administration of ASP5878 significantly inhibited the growth of tumours in mice engrafted with G636C-FGFR4/3T3 cells. Together, our results demonstrate that mutationally activated FGFR4 acts as an oncoprotein. These findings support the therapeutic targeting of FGFR4 in gastric cancer.
Average trapping time on weighted directed Koch network
Authors: Wu Zikai , Gao Yu 
Published: October 2019

AbstractNumerous recent studies have focused on random walks on undirected binary scale-free networks. However, random walks with a given target node on weighted directed networks remain less understood. In this paper, we first introduce directed weighted Koch networks, in which any pair of nodes is linked by two edges with opposite directions, and weights of edges are controlled by a parameter θ . Then, to evaluate the transportation efficiency of random walk, we derive an exact solution for the average trapping time (ATT), which agrees well with the corresponding numerical solution. We show that leading behaviour of ATT is function of the weight parameter θ and that the ATT can grow sub-linearly, linearly and super-linearly with varying θ . Finally, we introduce a delay parameter p to modify the transition probability of random walk, and provide a closed-form solution for ATT, which still coincides with numerical solution. We show that in the closed-form solution, the delay parameter p can change the coefficient of ATT, but cannot change the leading behavior. We also show that desired ATT or trapping efficiency can be obtained by setting appropriate weight parameter and delay parameter simultaneously. Thereby, this work advance the understanding of random walks on directed weighted scale-free networks.
MicroRNA-451 inhibits inflammation and proliferation of glomerular mesangial cells through down-regulating PSMD11 and NF-κB p65
Authors: Wei Hua , Li Jianzhou , Li Yanhua , Song Jian 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the regulatory roles of microRNA-451 (miR-451) on the inflammation and proliferation of glomerular mesangial cells (GMCs) under high-glucose condition, and reveal the potential mechanisms related to 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 11 (PSMD11) and nuclear factor-κ B (NF-κB) signaling. The interaction between PSMD11 and miR-451 was identified by dual luciferase reporter (DLR) gene assay. GMCs were treated with 5.6 mmol/l (normal, L-GMCs) and 30 mmol/l glucose (high-glucose, H-GMCs), respectively. After transfecting with pcDNA3.1-PSMD11 and/or miR-451 mimics, the expression of miR-451, PSMD11, inhibitor of NF-κB α (IκBα), phosphorylated IκBα (p-IκBα), NF-κB p65, COX-2, and cyclinD1 were detected in H-GMCs by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and/or Western blot. The levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and IL-8, cell cycle, and viability was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, flow cytometry, and MTT assay, respectively. MiR-451 was up-regulated in H-GMCs, and negatively regulated its target PSMD11 (P&lt;0.05). H-GMCs exhibited significantly higher levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8, cell viability, and p-IκBα, NF-κB, COX-2, and cyclinD1 expression than L-GMCs (P&lt;0.05). The transfection of miR-451 mimics significantly decreased the levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8, inhibited the cell viability via blocking cells in G0/G1 phase, and down-regulated p-IκBα, NF-κB p65, COX-2, and cyclinD1 in H-GMCs (P&lt;0.05). The regulatory effects of miR-451 mimics on H-GMCs were reversed by the transfection of PSMD11 (P&lt;0.05). The up-regulation of miR-451 inhibits the inflammation and proliferation of H-GMCs through down-regulating PSMD11 and NF-κB p65.
Has Vocabulary Intervention Had an Effect? A Valid, Reliable, and (Fairly) Quick Outcome Measure for Semantic Knowledge
Authors: Duff Dawna 
Published: October 2019

Purpose
Vocabulary intervention should be guided by information from outcome measures that demonstrate whether the student has grown in depth or breadth of understanding of the taught words. However, there is a paucity of tools, to measure depth of vocabulary knowledge, that are available for clinical use.

Method

The challenges of vocabulary measurement are summarized. A procedure to assess semantic knowledge of specific words, both before and after treatment, is outlined: 5 yes/no questions that use the target word in different contexts (
Stallman et al., 1995
), and definitions, scored on a 5-point scale (
Duff, 2019
). These combined measures evaluate word knowledge along a wide continuum of semantic knowledge.

Results
Evidence for the validity and reliability of these measures, as well as sensitivity to treatment effects, is reviewed, and implementation resources are provided for clinicians.

Conclusion
This protocol can be used by clinicians to evaluate the effectiveness of vocabulary treatment by comparing a child's semantic knowledge of specific words before and after treatment.
The ALMA-PILS survey: propyne (CH3CCH) in IRAS 16293–2422
Authors: Calcutt H. , Willis E. R. , Jørgensen J. K. , Bjerkeli P. , Ligterink N. F. W. , Coutens A. , Müller H. S. P. , Garrod R. T. , Wampfler S. F. , Drozdovskaya M. N. 
Published: October 2019

Context. Propyne (CH3CCH), also known as methyl acetylene, has been detected in a variety of environments, from Galactic star-forming regions to extragalactic sources. These molecules are excellent tracers of the physical conditions in star-forming regions, allowing the temperature and density conditions surrounding a forming star to be determined.
Aims. This study explores the emission of CH3CCH in the low-mass protostellar binary, IRAS 16293–2422, and examines the spatial scales traced by this molecule, as well as its formation and destruction pathways.
Methods. Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) observations from the Protostellar Interferometric Line Survey (PILS) were used to determine the abundances and excitation temperatures of CH3CCH towards both protostars. This data allows us to explore spatial scales from 70 to 2400 au. This data is also compared with the three-phase chemical kinetics model MAGICKAL, to explore the chemical reactions of this molecule.
Results. CH3CCH is detected towards both IRAS 16293A and IRAS 16293B, and is found the hot corino components, one around each source, in the PILS dataset. Eighteen transitions above 3σ are detected, enabling robust excitation temperatures and column densities to be determined in each source. In IRAS 16293A, an excitation temperature of 90 K and a column density of 7.8 × 1015 cm−2 best fits the spectra. In IRAS 16293B, an excitation temperature of 100 K and 6.8 × 1015 cm−2 best fits the spectra. The chemical modelling finds that in order to reproduce the observed abundances, both gas-phase and grain-surface reactions are needed. The gas-phase reactions are particularly sensitive to the temperature at which CH4 desorbs from the grains.
Conclusions. CH3CCH is a molecule whose brightness and abundance in many different regions can be utilised to provide a benchmark of molecular variation with the physical properties of star-forming regions. It is essential when making such comparisons, that the abundances are determined with a good understanding of the spatial scale of the emitting region, to ensure that accurate abundances are derived.
Statuserhebung der studentischen Lehre für das Fach Nuklearmedizin in Deutschland
Authors: Heinzel Alexander , Mottaghy Felix M. , Brenner Winfried , Marienhagen Jörg 
Published: October 2019

Zusammenfassung
Ziel Nuklearmedizinische molekulare Bildgebung und Therapie leisten einen wichtigen Beitrag zur modernen Medizin. Die universitären Curricula des Medizinstudiums bieten die Möglichkeit, nachhaltig Kenntnisse der Nuklearmedizin zu vermitteln. In dieser Untersuchung soll erstmalig flächendeckend der Status quo der nuklearmedizinischen Lehre an deutschen Universitätskliniken erhoben werden.
Methoden In Zusammenarbeit mit den Klinikdirektoren und/oder Lehrbeauftragten wurden mithilfe eines semistrukturierten Interviews die Themenbereiche organisatorische Rahmenbedingungen, Unterrichtsumfang, Unterrichtsmethoden, Prüfungen, Evaluationen, Zusammensetzung der Lehrenden, Interesse der Studierenden am Fach Nuklearmedizin sowie Vorschläge zur Verbesserung der nuklearmedizinischen Lehre erfasst.
Ergebnisse Alle 36 staatlichen deutschen Universitätskliniken haben an der Erhebung teilgenommen. Es werden im Median 12 Unterrichtsstunden im Pflichtanteil des Medizinstudiums gelehrt. 52 % davon ist Frontalunterricht. An 18 Standorten wird darüber hinaus im Rahmen von Wahlpflichtveranstaltungen unterrichtet. Die Prüfungen erfolgen an 35 Standorten als Multiple-Choice-Fragen. An der Lehre sind im Median 9 Personen pro Abteilung beteiligt. Das studentische Interesse an der Nuklearmedizin wird durch die Lehrenden überwiegend als hoch oder mittel bewertet.
Schlussfolgerungen Verbesserungspotenzial besteht vor allem in Anzahl und Organisation der Unterrichtsveranstaltungen, der Gestaltung der Prüfungen, der Einrichtung eines bundesweiten E-Learning-Angebots sowie Maßnahmen zur Steigerung der Motivation der Lehrenden.
Neurodevelopmental Impairment at Two Years in Premature Infants with Prolonged Patency of Ductus Arteriosus after a Conservative Approach
Authors: Aldecoa-Bilbao Victoria , García-Catalán Maria-Jesús , Gaixa Marta , Clotet Caba Jordi , Teodoro Silvia , Figaró Voltà Carme 
Published: October 2019

AbstractObjective The study aims to assess the impact on neurodevelopmental outcomes of a prolonged hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) after a conservative treatment.Study Design This involves the study of two cohorts of preterm infants 23 to 29 weeks gestation, before (n = 29) and after (n = 54) a conservative approach of PDA. We compared survival, major outcomes, and neurodevelopmental impairment (NDI) at 2 years and analyzed NDI in the conservative cohort according to the duration of the PDA.Results Conservative cohort received less medical (31.5%) and surgical treatment (7.4%) and had more days of PDA (59 days in 24–26 weeks and 22 days in 27–29 weeks; p < 0.001) in comparison with control cohort (19 days in 24–26 weeks and 11 days in 27–29 weeks; p = 0.688). Mortality, survival-without-morbidity at discharge, and NDI at 2 years were similar between the two groups (p = 0.732). In the multivariate analysis PDA >28 days was not related to worse outcomes at discharge (p = 0.296) or less survival-without-NDI at 2 years (p = 0.498).Conclusion Until randomized trials prove the benefit of attempting to close the PDA with ibuprofen in the first week of life, conservative management may be a reasonable option.
Association of Treatment of Chorioamnionitis with Non-Beta Lactam Antibiotics and Postcesarean Infectious Morbidity
Authors: Glover Angelica V. , Battarbee Ashley N. , Heine Robert Phillips , Dotters-Katz Sarah 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Objective Chorioamnionitis (CAM) is associated with postcesarean (CS) infectious morbidity (IM). Beta-lactam antibiotics (BLA) are used to treat CAM. It is uncertain if women who cannot receive BLA attain similar benefit from treatment of CAM with non-BLA.
Study Design Retrospective cohort of women with CAM is delivered by CS in the maternal-fetal medicine units CS registry. We compared IM in women who received BLA versus women who received non-BLA. The primary outcome was a composite of endometritis, wound complication, necrotizing fasciitis, septic pelvic thrombophlebitis, and pelvic abscess. Multivariable logistic regression estimated odds ratios for the association of non-BLA treatment with IM outcomes.
Results A total of 3,063 (93%) women received BLA, and 232 (7%) received non-BLA. Groups had similar rates of composite post-CS IM (10.6 vs. 12.1%, p = 0.5). After adjusting for confounders, treatment of CAM with non-BLA was not associated with post-CS IM (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 1.1, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.6–1.7), endometritis (AOR 1.1, 95% CI 0.7–1.8), or wound complications (AOR 1.2, 95% CI 0.5–3.2).
Conclusion Women with CAM who receive non-BLA and require CS may not be at increased risk of postoperative infections complications, compared to women who receive BLA.
Mechanical versus Chemical Pleurodesis after Bullectomy for Primary Spontaneous Pneumothorax: A Systemic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Sim Sarah Kher Ru , Nah Shireen Anne , Loh Amos Hong Pheng , Ong Lin Yin , Chen Yong 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Introduction Primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP) and its high recurrence rate pose a therapeutic challenge to both patients and their managing surgeons. Mechanical or chemical pleurodesis can be used to prevent recurrence, but the optimal treatment often remains a matter of debate. This meta-analysis aims to compare the outcomes between mechanical and chemical pleurodesis following bullectomy for PSP.
Materials and Methods Studies published up to 2019 were searched from Medline, Embase, Google Scholar, and Cochrane databases. A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational cohort studies (OCSs) comparing outcomes between mechanical and chemical pleurodesis for PSP was performed.
Results Seven studies (one RCT and six OCSs) were included, comprising 1,032 cases of mechanical (799 abrasions, 202 pleurectomies, and 31 unspecified abrasions/pleurectomies/both), and 901 cases of chemical (643 talc, 69 minocycline, and 189 unspecified talc/kaolin) pleurodesis. The recurrence rate of pneumothorax after chemical pleurodesis (1.2%) was significantly lower than mechanical pleurodesis (4.0%) (pooled odds ratio [OR] = 3.00; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.59–5.67; p = 0.0007; I
2 = 19%). Hospital stay was also slightly shorter in the chemical pleurodesis group (pooled mean difference [MD] = 0.42 days; 95% CI = 0.12–0.72; p = 0.005; I
2 = 0%). There was no statistically significant difference in postoperative complications (pooled OR = 1.18; 95%CI = 0.40–3.48; p = 0.76; I
2 = 71%) and operative time (pooled MD = 3.50; 95%CI = −7.28 to 14.28; p = 0.52; I
2 = 99%) between these two groups.
Conclusion Chemical pleurodesis is superior to mechanical pleurodesis following bullectomy for PSP in reducing hospital stay and recurrence rate. However, more RCTs with longer follow-up are necessary to demonstrate the benefit of chemical pleurodesis for PSP.
Nurses' Finnegan Scoring of Newborns with Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome Not Affected by Time or Day of the Week
Authors: Kushnir Alla , Bleznak Jennifer L. , Saslow Judy G. , Stahl Gary 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Objective Newborns exposed to drugs in utero are at risk of developing neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS), characterized by behavioral changes and physiologic instability. Finnegan scoring tool quantifies severity of symptoms and guides treatment. This article evaluates whether time of day and the number of shift hours affects modified Finnegan scores, and the subjective component of these scores.
Study Design Institutional review board-approved, retrospective chart review of newborns admitted to neonatal intensive care or transitional nursery from 2011 to 2014. Inclusion criteria: > 35 weeks' gestation, known maternal substance use, positive maternal or newborn urine, or meconium drug screen, NAS treatment.
Results A total of 101 charts were evaluated. Mean treatment duration was 31.8 days (standard deviation ±18.3). There was no significant relationship between observer shift hour and high scores (> 8) (p = 0.83). Highest scores occurred in the afternoon, decreased at night (p = 0.03), and throughout admission (p < 0.0001). Weekend and weekday scores were similar (p = 0.4). The objective component of the scores remained similar throughout the day (p = 0.91) and week (p = 0.52).
Conclusion Finnegan scores given by nurses were not influenced by shift hour. Time of day did not influence overall high scores or the proportion of objective to total Finnegan score. Inter-rater reliability was maintained regardless of time of day or day of the week.
Can Free Carnitine or Bilirubin in Blood Be Used in Neonatal Screening for Biliary Atresia?
Authors: Gong Zhenhua , Wu Yibo , Zheng Lulu , Chen Licai , Lv Zhibzo 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Objective To investigate the efficiency of free carnitine, unconjugated bilirubin (UBIL), bilirubin monoglucuronide (BMG), and bilirubin diglucuronide (BDG) in dry blood spots (DBSs) measured using tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) for screening biliary atresia (BA).
Materials and Methods All the patients with BA, residing in Shanghai, were collected from four different children's hospitals in Shanghai from January 1, 2015, to June 30, 2017. UBILMS, BMG, BDG, and free carnitine were measured in the DBS samples of 48 patients with BA, 10,008 pediatric patients, and 52,862 newborns using MS/MS. Conjugated bilirubin was measured by MS/MS (CBMS) = BMG + BDG, and total bilirubin was measured by MS/MS (TBMS) = UBILMS + CBMS. Four hundred pediatric patients' direct bilirubin (DB) and total bilirubin (TB), measured by the clinical laboratory and MS/MS, were used as a control.
Results The total number of births at the registered permanent residences in Shanghai was 233,000; among them, the occurrence of BA was in 33 patients in 2 years. Therefore, the incidence of BA in Shanghai was 1:7,060. The ratio of DB/TB and CBMS/TBMS of most patients with BA was elevated gradually in the neonatal period and higher than the normal range after 1 month after birth. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of DB, DB/TB, CBMS/TBMS, CBMS, and free carnitine for predicting BA was 0.98, 0.95, 0.73, 0.57, and 0.92, respectively. Using the 95% percentile as a cutoff, the sensitivity of DB and free carnitine to predict BA was 100 and 85%, respectively, and the specificity was 52 and 85%, respectively.
Conclusion In free carnitine, DB, and CBMS/TBMS tests, blood concentrations are elevated in all infants with BA. However, they may not be elevated while they are newborns. These tests will result in high false negatives or positives. Thus, they should not be used as newborn screening tests for BA due to their lower sensitivity and specificity.
Novel Risk Score for Fetuses with Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia Based on Ultrasound Findings
Authors: Terui Keita , Nagata Kouji , Hayakawa Masahiro , Okuyama Hiroomi , Amari Shoichirou , Yokoi Akiko , Masumoto Kouji , Urushihara Naoto , Okazaki Tadaharu , Inamura Noboru , Toyoshima Katsuaki , Uchida Keiichi , Furukawa Taizo , Okawada Manabu , Sato Yasunori , Usui Noriaki 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Introduction We aimed to establish and validate a risk score for fetuses with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) using only prenatal ultrasound findings.
Material and Methods Derivation (2011–2016, n = 350) and validation (2006–2010, n = 270) cohorts were obtained from a Japanese CDH study group database. Using a logistic regression analysis, we created a prediction model and weighted scoring system from the derivation dataset and calculated the odds ratio of an unsatisfactory prognosis (death within 90 days of life or hospitalization duration exceeding 180 days). Five adverse prognostic factors obtained using prenatal ultrasound, including an observed/expected lung area-to-head circumference ratio (o/eLHR) <25%, liver herniation occupying more than one-third of the thoracic space, thoracic stomach, right-side CDH, and severe malformations, were used as predictors. The obtained model was validated using the validation cohort.
Results The unsatisfactory prognosis prediction model was obtained based on the adjusted odds ratios. The C statistics of the model were 0.83 and 0.80 in the derivation and validation datasets, respectively. The five variables were weighted proportionally to their adjusted odds ratios for an unsatisfactory prognosis (o/eLHR <25%, 1 point; liver herniation occupying more than one-third of the thoracic space, 1 point; thoracic stomach, 1 point; right-side CDH, 2 points; and severe malformations, 3 points). Unsatisfactory prognosis rates for the low- (0–2 points), intermediate- (3–5 points), and high-risk (6–8 points) groups were 17, 46, and 100%, respectively (p < 0.001), in the validation cohort.
Conclusion Our simple risk score effectively predicted the prognosis of fetuses with CDH.
GIGANTEA gates gibberellin signaling through stabilization of the DELLA proteins in
Arabidopsis
Authors: Nohales Maria A. , Kay Steve A. 
Published: October 2019

Significance
The circadian clock integrates environmental cues with internal biological processes to generate robust rhythms in almost all aspects of plant physiology. The molecular mechanisms underlying the pervasive regulation of plant physiology and development by the circadian clock are still being unraveled. Our study identifies the clock protein GIGANTEA as a key regulator of the response to gibberellins through the regulation of pivotal factors in the signaling of this hormone. Direct modulation of hub components in signaling networks by the circadian clock provides a means through which the oscillator can effectively transduce timing information to an extensive array of physiological pathways.