bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dual‐inflammatory cytokines on TiO2 nanotube‐coated surfaces used for regulating macrophage polarization in bone implants
Authors: Gao Lili , Li Mengting , Yin Lu , Zhao Chanjuan , Chen Junhong , Zhou Jie , Duan Ke , Feng Bo 
Published: March 2018

AbstractExcessive immune responses following the use of implantable, biomaterial‐based medical devices represent a substantial challenge for treatment efficacy and patient well‐being. Specifically, after implantation, pro‐inflammatory M1 macrophages are activated by cytokines such as interferon‐γ (IFN‐γ) followed by anti‐inflammatory M2 macrophages polarized by cytokines including interleukin‐4 (IL‐4), leading to healing and long‐term stability of implants. Here, we report the loading of an immunomodulatory cytokine,IL‐4, into TiO2 nanotubes (TNTs) followed by hydrogel coating on the TNTs for subsequent release of IL‐4. Finally, IFN‐γ was added onto the gel layer to effect rapid release. The release rates of both cytokines from the samples were monitored using an immersion test in phosphate‐buffered solution. The cytocompatibility of the sample was evaluated using cultures of osteoblasts and macrophages. Macrophage phenotype switching in vitro was examined via cytokine secretion and gene expression analyses. In vitro testing showed that the sample could stimulate macrophage polarization from the M1 to M2 phenotype at the desired period owing to temporal release of IFN‐γ and IL‐4. Another biomaterial containing only IL‐4 in TNTs was also able to modulate the transformation of M1 to M2 although with weaker effect than that containing IFN‐γ and IL‐4. The biomaterial may be useful as an osteoimplant in vivo owing to the inflammation caused by a wound or implantation. This study provided biomaterials capable of facilitating smooth M1 to M2 macrophages switching, which might be helpful to research immune responses of tissues to implants and will likely contribute to the development of bone substitute materials. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 1878–1886, 2018.
Understanding the three levels of resilience: Implications for countering extremism
Authors: Ryan Saskia , Ioannou Maria , Parmak Merle 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe huge growth in expenditure on counter‐extremism and counter‐terrorism policy post 9/11 (Dawson & Guinnessy, 2002; Lum, Kennedy, & Sherley, 2006; Silke, 2004) has seen buzzwords such as “resilience” integrated without clear framing or the underpinning of empirical evidence. The issue addressed by the current study is twofold: the framing of resilience within policy is not such that it clearly relates to extremism and, the subsequent lack of understanding that exists on the relationships between the 3 levels of resilience under this framing. The National Resilience Scale (Kimhi, Goroshit, & Eshel, 2013) is applied alongside measures of community and individual resilience to test the hypothesis that all three levels would positively correlate with one another. The hypothesis was supported in study 1, but not study 2, with community resilience negatively correlating with both individual and national resilience. The implications of this conceptual framework are discussed, primarily the impact on contemporary policy, specifically around extremism and terrorism.
Support relationships and teen mothers’ school retention at one‐year postpartum
Authors: Assini‐Meytin Luciana C. , Mitchell Stephanie J. , Lewin Amy 
Published: March 2018

AbstractTeen mothers face unique barriers to continuing education, making important the identification of key elements in their support systems that facilitate educational attainment. In this longitudinal quasi‐experimental study, we investigate the unique role of different types and sources of support measured at baseline, from family and father of the baby, on teen mothers’ return to school after childbirth. We analyze data of 102 urban, low‐income African American teen mothers, retained over 12 months. Results show that teen mothers who received parental financial support soon after giving birth were over 5 times as likely to be in school or have graduated when their children were a year old. Additionally, remaining in a romantic relationship with the father of the baby was associated with reduced odds of returning to school, but only in the absence of an intervention program designed to support teen parent families . Findings highlight the unique importance of parental financial support, shortly after birth, on teen mothers’ school retention and suggest the relevance of clinical staff in supporting teen mothers in couple relationships to continue their education.
Chiral Binaphthylbis(4,4′‐Bipyridin‐1‐Ium)/Cucurbit[8]Uril Supramolecular System and Its Induced Circularly Polarized Luminescence
Authors: Chen Xu‐Man , Chen Yong , Liang Lu , Liu Qiu‐Jun , Liu Yu 
Published: March 2018

AbstractCircularly polarized luminescence (CPL) induced by host–guest complexation remains a challenge in supramolecular chemistry. Herein, a couple of CPL–silent enantiomeric guest binaphthylbis(4,4′‐bipyridinium) salts can emit obvious CPL in the presence of cucurbit[8]uril in aqueous media, due to the restriction of molecular rotation limitation effect. Such CPL can be reversibly adjusted by the addition of acid and base. Furthermore, the resultant supramolecular systems can interact with DNA, accompanied by the morphological conversion from branched supramolecular nanowires to exfoliated nanowires, which can enable to the exploration of such supramolecular systems as DNA markers by CPL signals.
Simultaneous auto‐calibration and gradient delays estimation (SAGE) in non‐Cartesian parallel MRI using low‐rank constraints
Authors: Jiang Wenwen , Larson Peder E.Z. , Lustig Michael 
Published: March 2018

PurposeTo correct gradient timing delays in non‐Cartesian MRI while simultaneously recovering corruption‐free auto‐calibration data for parallel imaging, without additional calibration scans.MethodsThe calibration matrix constructed from multi‐channel k‐space data should be inherently low‐rank. This property is used to construct reconstruction kernels or sensitivity maps. Delays between the gradient hardware across different axes and RF receive chain, which are relatively benign in Cartesian MRI (excluding EPI), lead to trajectory deviations and hence data inconsistencies for non‐Cartesian trajectories. These in turn lead to higher rank and corrupted calibration information which hampers the reconstruction. Here, a method named Simultaneous Auto‐calibration and Gradient delays Estimation (SAGE) is proposed that estimates the actual k‐space trajectory while simultaneously recovering the uncorrupted auto‐calibration data. This is done by estimating the gradient delays that result in the lowest rank of the calibration matrix. The Gauss‐Newton method is used to solve the non‐linear problem. The method is validated in simulations using center‐out radial, projection reconstruction and spiral trajectories. Feasibility is demonstrated on phantom and in vivo scans with center‐out radial and projection reconstruction trajectories.ResultsSAGE is able to estimate gradient timing delays with high accuracy at a signal to noise ratio level as low as 5. The method is able to effectively remove artifacts resulting from gradient timing delays and restore image quality in center‐out radial, projection reconstruction, and spiral trajectories.ConclusionThe low‐rank based method introduced simultaneously estimates gradient timing delays and provides accurate auto‐calibration data for improved image quality, without any additional calibration scans.
Cover Image, Volume 67, Issue 4
Authors: Schubert Dirk W , von Hanstein Harald , Daenicke Jonas , Werner Siegfried , Horch Raymund E 
Published: March 2018

The cover image, by Dirk W Schubert et al., is based on the Research Article Compressive and cyclic loading of silicone breast implants and their effect on shape resilience and reliability of the shell material, DOI: 10.1002/pi.5516.
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Sense of coherence is a predictor of survival: A prospective study in women treated for breast cancer
Authors: Lindblad Carina , Langius‐Eklöf Ann , Petersson Lena‐Marie , Sackey Helena , Bottai Matteo , Sandelin Kerstin 
Published: March 2018

AbstractObjectiveSense of coherence (SOC) reflects a person's overall orientation to life. Sense of coherence guides the person in finding and utilizing resources to maintain health and manage stress. Previously, we demonstrated SOC's stability over time among breast cancer (BC) patients, and in the present article, SOC's predictive value for survival is tested.MethodsA cohort of 487 women underwent surgery for invasive BC and completed preoperatively the SOC‐13 within a multicenter trial. Hazard ratios (HRs) were performed to identify significant independent predictors and their association with increase in SOC.ResultsOver a median follow‐up time of 10 years, patients with a higher SOC had 63% lower risk of BC progression (HR 0.63; 95% CI, 0.11 to 0.85, P .03), 80% lower risk of BC mortality (HR 0.80; 95% CI, 0.38 to 0.96, P .00), and 80% lower risk of all‐cause mortality (HR 0.80; 95% CI, 0.47 to 0.93, P .00) than patients with a lower SOC. The mortality risk declined by 2.3% for every 1‐unit increase in SOC, both for BC mortality (HR 0.98; 95% CI, 0.96 to 0.99, P .01) and for all‐cause mortality (HR 0.98; 95% CI, 0.96 to 0.99, P .00). The risk of progression declined by 1.4% for every 1‐unit increase in SOC (HR 0.99; 95% CI, 0.97 to 1.00, P .03).ConclusionsThis study provides evidence of SOC's predictive value for disease progression and BC‐caused and all‐cause mortality. Sense of coherence provides a complement when designing individual plans that aims to support patients during their treatment.
AKSZ Constructions for Topological Membranes on G2‐Manifolds
Authors: Kökényesi Zoltán , Sinkovics Annamária , Szabo Richard J. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractWe consider AKSZ constructions of BV actions for closed topological membranes, and their dimensional reductions to topological string sigma‐models. Two inequivalent AKSZ constructions for topological membranes on G2‐manifolds are proposed, in each of which the two existing topological membrane theories appear as different gauge fixed versions. Their dimensional reductions give new AKSZ constructions for the topological A‐model, which on further dimensional reduction gives an AKSZ formulation of supersymmetric quantum mechanics. We show that the two AKSZ membrane models originate through worldvolume dimensional reduction of a single AKSZ threebrane theory, which gives the standard 2‐Courant bracket as the underlying derived bracket. Double dimensional reduction of the twisted topological threebrane theory on a circle yields the standard Courant sigma‐model for string theory with NS–NS flux.
Cl‐Radical Formation in UV Photodissociation of Tetrachlorocyclopropene: A REMPI Study
Authors: SenGupta Sumana , Saha Ankur , Kumar Awadhesh , Naik Prakash D. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractCl atoms in both ground [Cl(2P3/2)] and excited spin orbit states [Cl*(2P1/2)] were detected as photodissociation products of tetrachlorocyclopropene (TCCP) at 235 nm by Resonance Enhanced Multiphoton Ionisation – Time of Flight (REMPI‐TOF) technique. From the experimental REMPI‐TOF profile, the anisotropy parameter (β) for both the channels was found to be nearly zero. TOF profiles of both the Cl and Cl* channels could be fitted into single component translational energy distributions, with average energy of 7.7 and 8.6 kcal mol−1 respectively. Time Dependent – Density Functional Theory (TD‐DFT) calculations using mpw1pw91/aug‐cc‐pVTZ level of theory suggested that, near 235 nm, the initially excited nCl—π* state of TCCP may cross over to the nearby dissociative states, from where Cl/Cl* can be formed directly. Otherwise, the excited molecules may relax rapidly to the ground state, where the lowest energy dissociation channel is the C—C bond cleavage (ΔH=30.4 kcal mol−1), as C—Cl bond breaking channels need high energy (ΔH=73.7 kcal mol−1 and 85.5 kcal mol−1). The biradical product of C—C bond breaking may rearrange to tetrachloroallene molecule with four equivalent C—Cl bonds, which can subsequently undergo C—Cl bond dissociation to produce Cl/Cl* atoms.
Petting away pre‐exam stress: The effect of therapy dog sessions on student well‐being
Authors: Ward‐Griffin Emma , Klaiber Patrick , Collins Hanne K. , Owens Rhea L. , Coren Stanley , Chen Frances S. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractRecently, many universities have implemented programmes in which therapy dogs and their handlers visit college campuses. Despite the immense popularity of therapy dog sessions, few randomized studies have empirically tested the efficacy of such programmes. The present study evaluates the efficacy of such a therapy dog programme in improving the well‐being of university students. This research incorporates two components: (a) a pre/post within‐subjects design, in which 246 participants completed a brief questionnaire immediately before and after a therapy dog session and (b) an experimental design with a delayed‐treatment control group, in which all participants completed baseline measures and follow‐up measures approximately 10 hr later. Only participants in the experimental condition experienced the therapy dog session in between the baseline and follow‐up measures. Analyses of pre/post data revealed that the therapy dog sessions had strong immediate benefits, significantly reducing stress and increasing happiness and energy levels. In addition, participants in the experimental group reported a greater improvement in negative affect, perceived social support, and perceived stress compared with those in the delayed‐treatment control group. Our results suggest that single, drop‐in, therapy dog sessions have large and immediate effects on students' well‐being, but also that the effects after several hours are small.
Resolution effects in the hybrid strong/weak coupling model
Authors: Hulcher Zachary , Pablos Daniel , Rajagopal Krishna 
Published: March 2018

AbstractWithin the context of a hybrid strong/weak coupling model of jet quenching, we study the consequences of the fact that the plasma produced in a heavy ion collision cannot resolve the substructure of a collimated parton shower propagating through it with arbitrarily fine spatial resolution. We introduce a screening length parameter,Lres, proportional to the inverse of the local temperature in the plasma, estimating a range for the value of the proportionality constant via comparing weakly coupled QCD calculations and holographic calculations appropriate in strongly coupled plasma. We then modify the hybrid model so that when a parton in a jet shower splits, its two offspring are initially treated as unresolved, and are only treated as two separate partons losing energy independently after they are separated by a distanceLres. This modification delays the quenching of partons with intermediate energy, resulting in the survival of more hadrons in the final state withpTin the several GeV range. We analyze the consequences of different choices for the value of the resolution length,Lres, and demonstrate that introducing a nonzeroLresresults in modifications to the jet shapes and jet fragmentations functions, as it makes it more probable for particles carrying a small fraction of the jet energy at larger angles from the jet axis to survive their passage through the quark-gluon plasma. These effects are, however, small in magnitude, something that we confirm via checking for effects on missing-pTobservables.
Gravity dual of two-dimensional $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = (2, 2)∗ supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory and integrable models
Authors: Nian Jun 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe 2D$$ \mathcal{N} $$N= (2, 2)∗supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory can be obtained from the 2D$$ \mathcal{N} $$N= (4, 4) theory with a twisted mass deformation. In this paper we construct the gravity dual theory of the 2D$$ \mathcal{N} $$N= (2, 2)∗supersymmetric U(N) Yang-Mills theory at the largeNand large ’t Hooft coupling limit using the 5D gauged supergravity. In the UV regime, this construction also provides the gravity dual of the 2D$$ \mathcal{N} $$N= (2,2)∗U(N) topological Yang-Mills-Higgs theory. We propose a triality in the UV regime among integrable model, gauge theory and gravity, and we make some checks of this relation at classical level.
Inelastic black hole scattering from charged scalar amplitudes
Authors: Luna Andrés , Nicholson Isobel , O’Connell Donal , White Chris D. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractWe explain how the lowest-order classical gravitational radiation produced during the inelastic scattering of two Schwarzschild black holes in General Relativity can be obtained from a tree scattering amplitude in gauge theory coupled to scalar fields. The gauge calculation is related to gravity through the double copy. We remove unwanted scalar forces which can occur in the double copy by introducing a massless scalar in the gauge theory, which is treated as a ghost in the link to gravity. We hope these methods are a step towards a direct application of the double copy at higher orders in classical perturbation theory, with the potential to greatly streamline gravity calculations for phenomenological applications.
The Impact of the Implementation of the Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS®) Program in an Entire Health System: A Natural Experiment in Alberta, Canada
Authors: AlBalawi Zaina , Gramlich Leah , Nelson Gregg , Senior Peter , Youngson Erik , McAlister Finlay A. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractBackgroundThe Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) program has been shown to reduce length of stay (LOS) in colorectal surgical patients in randomized trials. The impact outside of trial settings, or in subgroups of patients excluded from trials such as individuals with diabetes, is uncertain. We conducted this study to evaluate the impact of ERAS implementation in Alberta, Canada.MethodsThis is a retrospective cohort study and interrupted time series analysis using linked administrative data to examine LOS and postoperative outcomes in the 12 months pre‐ and post‐implementation of ERAS in 2013 for all adults undergoing elective colorectal surgery.ResultsOf 2714 patients (mean age 60.4 years, 55% men) with similar demographics and comorbidity profiles in the pre/post‐ERAS time periods, LOS was significantly shorter post‐ERAS (8.5 vs. 9.5 days, p = 0.01; − 0.84 days [95% CI − 0.04 to − 1.64 days] after adjustment for age, sex, Charlson comorbidity score, procedure type, surgical approach, and hospital). However, interrupted time series demonstrated no significant level change (p = 0.30) or change in slope (p = 0.63) with ERAS implementation, consistent with continuation of an underlying secular trend of reductions in LOS over time. There were no significant differences (in multivariate analysis or ITS) in risk of 30‐day death/readmission (14.3% post vs. 13.5% pre‐ERAS, aOR 1.12, 95% CI 0.89–1.40), 30‐day death/ED visit (27.2% post vs. 30.0% pre, aOR 0.93, 95% CI 0.78–1.10), or 30‐day death/readmission/ED visit (27.8% post vs. 30.6% pre, aOR 0.93, 95% CI 0.78–1.10). The 428 patients with diabetes had longer LOS but exhibited no significant difference post‐ versus pre‐ERAS (10.7 vs. 11.6 days, p = 0.53; p = 0.56 for level change and p = 0.66 for slope change on ITS).ConclusionAlthough there was a secular trend toward decreasing LOS over time in Alberta, ERAS implementation was not associated with statistically significant changes in LOS or postoperative outcomes for all colorectal surgery patients or for those with diabetes. Our study highlights the importance of evaluating system changes (for both uptake and outcomes) rather than assuming trial benefits will translate directly into practice. Interventions to improve LOS and postoperative outcomes for patients with diabetes undergoing colorectal surgery are still needed even in the ERAS era.
Attitudes Toward and Uptake of Prenatal Genetic Screening and Testing in Twin Pregnancies
Authors: Reese Kathryn M. , Czerwinski Jennifer , Darilek Sandra , Johnson Anthony , Jones Malorie , Singletary Claire N. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe rate of twinning is rising and since the introduction of non‐invasive prenatal testing, interest in and uptake of genetic screening and testing in twin pregnancies has not been investigated. This study aimed to explore the attitudes toward and uptake of current prenatal genetic screening and diagnostic testing options for fetal aneuploidy in twin pregnancies. Women being seen for genetic counseling with twin gestations were recruited for participation in a descriptive study with questionnaire (n = 42) and semi‐structured phone interview (n = 15). Women were significantly more in favor of screening than diagnostic testing (p = 0.049). Sixty‐nine (n = 25) percent elected screening, while one participant had a diagnostic procedure. Women were interested in screening for preparation or reassurance despite having concerns about accuracy and uncertainty. Most women (86%) felt they would make the same decision in a singleton pregnancy. Despite this, 48% cited twin pregnancy as influential to some degree. Information learned from providers, past experiences, and family and friends were also cited as influencing and anchoring factors, suggesting that tailoring prenatal genetic counseling sessions for twins might parallel that of singletons. No significant differences between natural and assisted conception patients were found. Although it did not alter patient decisions, genetic counseling was used as a platform to raise concerns and gather information.
A Commentary on Opportunities for the Genetic Counseling Profession through Genomic Variant Interpretation: Reflections from an Ex‐Lab Rat
Authors: Wain Karen 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe genetic counseling profession continues to expand and respond to the changing landscape of genomic medicine. “Non‐traditional” genetic counseling roles have become more commonplace and the transferability of the genetic counselor skill set has been widely acknowledged, particularly in genetic laboratory settings. As these expanding roles continue to mature, all genetic counselors can benefit by learning and adopting clinically relevant skills, such as genomic variant interpretation, which can be applied to direct patient care. These skills can enrich our patients’ understanding of their test results, help ensure quality patient care, and could be useful in positioning genetic counselors as critical members in the medical team as we continue to fully transition into the genomic medicine era.