bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Emotion recognition from the eye region in children with and without Autism Spectrum Disorder in Arab and Scandinavian countries
Authors: Kuusikko-Gauffin Sanna , Elsheikh Sherin , Bölte Sven , Omar Manal , Riad Geylan , Ebeling Hanna , Rautio Arja , Moilanen Irma 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background: Difficulties in facial emotion recognition (ER) skills are linked to autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in studies performed in Western and Eastern Asian countries. However, there is a paucity of research examining ER skills in Arab countries, where face-covering veils are more common than in Western countries.
Objective: Our aim was to examine basic ER and ER error patterns in Egyptian and Finnish children with and without ASD.
Method: We employed the eye-submodule of the Frankfurt Test and Training of Facial Affect Recognition (FEFA) and the Autism Spectrum Screening Questionnaire (ASSQ).
Results: Arab children with ASD (n = 34, M age = 8.6 years, FSIQ = 96.7) recognized correctly fewer emotions than did Scandinavian children with ASD (n = 32, M age = 12.5 years, FSIQ = 102.8) and Arab typically developing (TD) children (n = 34, M age = 10.3 years, FSIQ = 123.4) in general and specifically on surprise, disgust and neutral scales as well as on a blended emotion scale. Scandinavian children with ASD demonstrated a lower ability to recognize emotions in general and specifically happiness than did Scandinavian TD children. There were no differences between Arab and Scandinavian (n = 28, M age = 13.9 years) TD children in ER accuracy. We found country specific differences in ER error patterns in happiness, sadness and anger: Arab children interpreted these emotions more often as another emotion (happiness = sadness, sadness = anger, anger = sadness and surprise), whereas Scandinavian children interpreted happiness and sadness as neutral expression and anger as disgust. Arab children with ASD labeled sadness and anger in their ER error patterns more negatively than did Arab TD children, but there were no differences between Scandinavian children with ASD and TD in ER error patterns.
Conclusions: The differences between the Arab and Scandinavian children may reflect cultural differences in ER and ER error patterns.
Participation profiles and the barriers and facilitators that impact on participation of children with Autism Spectrum Disorders living in regional and remote Western Australia
Authors: Mattinson Shani , Falkmer Marita , Black Melissa H , Girdler Sonya 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a heterogeneous condition, influencing participation in activity and occupation. Approximately, 1% of Australian children have an ASD diagnosis, with many of these families living in remote and regional areas. Given the environments role in facilitating or hindering participation, there is a need to understand how geographical location impacts the participation profiles of children with ASD.
Objective: This study aims to describe the participation profiles, and environmental barriers and facilitators to participation for children with ASD living in regional or remote Western Australia.
Methods: A total of 32 families completed a questionnaire pack including a socio-demographic questionnaire and the Participation and Environment Measure – Children and Youth.
Results: Children with ASD had reduced participation in community activities. Within the home, children most commonly participated in computer and video games, and in school settings, children participated rarely in non-classroom and extracurricular activities. Parents reported a desire for their children to decrease time spent engaging in video games and increase time spent in the community, socializing, engaging in extracurricular activities, and completing chores. Parents reported a number of barriers to participation across community, home, and school settings.
Conclusion: Children with ASD living in regional areas had restricted participation profiles and a number of barriers to participation as reported by their parents. There is a need for additional support and services in non-metropolitan areas for families of children with ASD to increase participation. This study also highlights the need to expand the definition of participation in the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health to include aspects of involvement.
Psychiatric problems and quality of life in a clinical sample of adolescents: The role of peer relations
Authors: Ranøyen Ingunn , Gulliksrud Eva , Indredavik Marit S. , Stenseng Frode 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background: The quality of peer relations is linked to mental health in childhood and adolescence, but few studies have investigated its clinical relevance. In particular, the potential mediating role of peer functioning in the associations between different dimensions of symptoms and quality of life (QoL) has not been sufficiently examined.
Objective: In a clinical sample of adolescents, we examined peer relations in light of psychiatric diagnoses, as well as QoL and symptoms of mental health problems, with particular focus on symptoms of anxiety, depression, and ADHD. We also examined the potential mediating role of peer problems in the relationship between such symptoms and QoL.
Methods: The sample consisted of 603 adolescents (ages 13-18) referred to clinical assessment. Psychiatric diagnoses according to the criteria of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, 10th revision, were collected from participants’ clinical charts. Symptoms of disorders, QoL, and quality of peer relations were measured by self-report questionnaires.
Results: Adolescents diagnosed with anxiety/depressive disorder reported more peer problems and lower QoL than adolescents with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. These findings were supported with symptom ratings. A path model with bootstrapping was used to assess the potential mediating role of peer problems in the association between symptoms and QoL, showing that peer problems partly mediated the relationship between emotional symptoms and QoL, but not the relationship between ADHD-symptoms and QoL.
Conclusion: Improvement of peer relations may be a fruitful path for enhancing QoL among adolescents with symptoms of anxiety and depression.
Spatial variation of channel head curvature in small mountainous watersheds
Authors: Wu Jian , Ye Lei , Wu Chenchen , Chang Qingrui , Xin Zhuohang , Zhang Chi , Zhou Huicheng 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
High-resolution digital elevation models (DEMs) offer opportunities for channel network extraction due to its representation of realistic topography. Channels are generally surrounded by well-defined banks that have a distinct signature in the contour lines. Contour curvature is one of the important topographic attributes usually used for channel head identification; however, the curvature at channel heads may vary considerably between and even within watersheds. Therefore, uncertainty exists in the extracted channel heads due to the specified curvature threshold. In this paper, the locations of channel heads in 14 small mountainous watersheds are obtained using a nonparametric method based on the shape of contour lines generated from DEMs with a spatial resolution of 1 m, and the channel head curvature is computed from the extracted channel heads. The spatial distributions of the channel head curvature in these 14 watersheds have been analyzed, and another two watersheds with field-mapped channel heads are selected for validation. The results indicate that: (1) the channel head curvature is sensitive to the local terrain and varies within and between watersheds; (2) the Gamma distribution effectively fits the spatial distribution of the channel head curvature in all the selected watersheds; and (3) constant threshold-based methods for channel head identification gain significant location errors even within a single watershed.
Pharmacologic Agents for the Treatment of Vasodilatory Shock
Authors: Knotzer Hans , Poidinger Bernhard , Kleinsasser Axel 
Published: July 2019

:
Vasodilatory shock is a life-threatening syndrome in critically ill patients and is characterized by severe
hypotension and resultant tissue hypoperfusion. This shock state requires the use of vasopressor agents to
restore adequate vascular tone.

:
Norepinephrine is still recommended as first-line vasopressor in the management of critically ill patients suffering
from severe vasodilation. In the recent time, catecholaminergic vasopressor drugs have been associated with
possible side effects at higher dosages. This so-called catecholamine toxicity has focused on alternative noncatecholaminergic
vasopressors or the use of moderate doses of multiple vasopressors with complementary
mechanisms of action. Besides vasopressin and terlipressin, angiotensin II may be a promising drug for the management
of vasodilatory shock. In addition, adjunctive drugs, such as hydrocortisone, methylene blue or ascorbic
acid can be added to conventional vasopressor therapy.

:
The objective of this review is to give an overview of the current available vasopressor agents used in vasodilatory
shock. A thorough search of PubMed was conducted in order to identify the majority of studies related to the
subject. Data on the outcome of several drugs and future perspective of possible management strategies for the
therapy of vasodilatory shock are discussed.
Transcriptome Analysis of FEN1 Knockdown HEK293T Cell Strain Reveals Alteration in Nucleic Acid Metabolism, Virus Infection, Cell Morphogenesis and Cancer Development
Authors: Liu Song-Bai , Qiu Xiu-Qin , Guo Wei-Qiang , Li Jin-Li , Su Qian , Du Jia-Hui , Hu He-Juan , Wang Xiao-Xiao , Song Yao-Hua , Lou Xiao , Xu Xiang-Bin 
Published: July 2019

Aim and Objective:
Flap endonuclease-1 (FEN1) plays a central role in DNA replication and
DNA damage repair process. In mammals, FEN1 functional sites variation is related to cancer and chronic
inflammation, and supports the role of FEN1 as a tumor suppressor. However, FEN1 is overexpressed in
multiple types of cancer cells and is associated with drug resistance, supporting its role as an oncogene.
Hence, it is vital to explore the multi-functions of FEN1 in normal cell metabolic process. This study was
undertaken to examine how the gene expression profile changes when FEN1 is downregulated in 293T
cells.

Materials and Methods:
Using the RNA sequencing and real-time PCR approaches, the transcript
expression profile of FEN1 knockdown HEK293T cells have been detected for the next step evaluation,
analyzation, and validation.

Results:
Our results confirmed that FEN1 is important for cell viability. We showed that when FEN1
downregulation led to the interruption of nucleic acids related metabolisms, cell cycle related metabolisms
are significantly interrupted. FEN1 may also participate in non-coding RNA processing, ribosome RNA
processing, transfer RNA processing, ribosome biogenesis, virus infection and cell morphogenesis.

Conclusion:
These findings provide insight into how FEN1 nuclease might regulate a wide variety of
biological processes, and laid the foundation for understanding the role of other RAD2 family nucleases in
cell growth and metabolism.
Natural Compounds Targeting Cancer Stem Cells: A Promising Resource for Chemotherapy
Authors: Das Plabon K. , Zahan Tasnim , Abdur Rakib Md. , Khanam Jahan A. , Pillai Suja , Islam Farhadul 
Published: July 2019

Background:Cancer Stem Cells (CSCs) are the subpopulation of cancer cells which are directly involved in drug resistance, metastases to distant organ and cancer recurrence.Methods:A systematic literature search was conducted through various electronic databases including, Pubmed, Scopus, Google scholar using the keywords "cancer stem cells" and "natural compounds" in the present study. Articles published between 1999 and 2019 were reviewed. All the expositions concerning CSCs associated cancer pathogenesis and therapy resistance, as well as targeting these properties of CSCs by natural compounds were selected for the current study.Results:Natural compounds have always been thought as a rich source of biologically active principles, which target aberrantly activated signaling pathways and other modalities of CSCs, while tethering painful side effects commonly involved in the first-line and second-line chemo-radiotherapies. In this review, we have described the key signaling pathways activated in CSCs to maintain their survival and highlighted how natural compounds interrupt these signaling pathways to minimize therapy resistance, pathogenesis and cancer recurrence properties of CSCs, thereby providing useful strategies to treat cancer or aid in cancer therapy improvement. Like normal stem cells, CSCs rely on different signaling pathways and other properties for their maintenance. Therefore, the success of cancer treatment depends on the development of proper anti-neoplastic drugs capable of intercepting those signaling pathways as well as other properties of CSCs in order to eradicate this evasive subpopulation of cancer cells.Conclusion:Compounds of natural origin might act as an outstanding source to design novel therapies against cancer stem cells.
Structural, Morphological, Vibrational, Thermal and Optical Properties of ZnS Quantum Dots in the Polymer Matrix
Authors: Mir Feroz A. , Mir Owais I. , Zargar Rayees A. 
Published: July 2019

Background:
Nanotechnology is believed to be a future for new human generations.
Among different emerging materials, the Nanocomposites (NCs) would be on front line. The aim of
the current study is provide a way to synthesize the ZnS-polyacrylamide NCs with emphasis on the
effect of aging on polymer due to its various physical properties.

Objective:
To prepare and study the properties of ZnS-Polymer NCs with drying time in polymer
matrix.

Methods:
ZnS-polyacrylamide NCs samples were synthesized by adding aqueous suspension of ZnS
Nanoparticles (NPs) in Sol of acrylamide: bisacrylamide copolymer. These samples were characterized
by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis
(TGA), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), UV-Vis, and Photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy.

Results:
From XRD data analysis, nano phase and zinc blend structure of the material are confirmed.
From SEM images, the pristine ZnS NPs show spherical morphology, and this texture is still preserved
in the polymer composites. FT-IR confirms that there is a strong interaction between polymer
chain and ZnS NPs. The TGA results indicate that the incorporation of the NPs impacts the thermal
properties of the ZnS-polymer NCs and displays higher thermal stability than the pure polymer matrix.
The optical data predicts the band gap and Quantum Confinement Effect (QCE) and reduction of
ZnS NPs within the polymer matrix. These NCs show emission in blue region with decreases in intensity
with drying time.

Conclusion:
ZnS NPs incorporated in polyacrylamide were prepared by copolymer technique. Structural
analysis confirms zinc blend structure. The vibration spectra of composites samples predicts
an interaction between different functional groups of polymer with the metal sulfide. These NCs
show enhanced thermally stability. The observed optical band shows a red shift and quantum confinement
effect. The size calculated by XRD and optical data shows good correlation with each other.
The PL spectra of the NCs exhibits a broad blue emission with excitation (λex = 320 nm). The visible
region emission could be originated from the radiative recombination, involving defect states within
the ZnS nanocrystals energy band.
Fístulas Digestivas
Authors: Moreira Gabriel Ramirez , Rodrigues Marco Antônio Gonçalves , Correia Maria Isabel Toulson Davisson 
Published: July 2019

Fístulas digestivas são comunicações anormais entre qualquer parte do trato gastrointestinal e outro órgão interno ou a pele. Podem causar desequilíbrio hidroeletrolítico, déficits nutricionais, formação de abscesso, infecção, sepse ou sangramentos. Existem várias maneiras de se classificar uma fístula gastrointestinal de acordo com sua anatomia, débito, tempo de aparecimento, etiologia, entre outros. Os fatores de risco associados ao surgimento de fístulas digestivas são muitos e ainda em descoberta, sejam eles locais ou sistêmicos. Sua fisiopatologia é complexa e as complicações de maior morbidade e mortalidade estão relacionadas à desnutrição e infecção. O tratamento deve ser multidisciplinar e adaptado a cada caso, envolvendo medidas nutricionais, antimicrobianos, cuidados com a pele e, por vezes, cirurgia. Como o cirurgião desempenha papel fundamental na prevenção e tratamento das fístulas digestivas, este artigo pretende fazer revisão de conceitos fundamentais sobre o tema, discutindo classificação, etiologia, fisiopatologia, complicações, diagnóstico e principais aspectos no manejo clínico, nutricional e cirúrgico.
Difference Between Users and Nonusers of a Patient Portal in Health Behaviors and Outcomes: Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Huang Jing , Chen Yong , Landis J Richard , Mahoney Kevin B 
Published: July 2019

Background
Patient portals are frequently used in modern health care systems as an engagement and communication tool. An increased focus on the potential value of these communication channels to improve health outcomes is warranted.

Objective
This paper aimed to quantify the impact of portal use on patients’ preventive health behavior and chronic health outcomes.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective, observational cohort study of 10,000 patients aged 50 years or older who were treated at the University of Pennsylvania Health System (UPHS) from September 1, 2014, to October 31, 2016. The data were sourced from the UPHS electronic health records. We investigated the association between patient portal use and patients’ preventive health behaviors or chronic health outcomes, controlling for confounders using a novel cardinality matching approach based on propensity scoring and a subsequent bootstrapping method to estimate the variance of association estimates.

Results
Patient-level characteristics differed substantially between portal users, comprising approximately 59.32% (5932/10000) of the cohort, and nonusers. On average, users were more likely to be younger (63.46 years for users vs 66.08 years for nonusers), white (72.77% [4317/5932] for users vs 52.58% [2139/4068] for nonusers), have commercial insurance (60.99% [3618/5932] for users vs 40.12% [1632/4068] for nonusers), and have higher annual incomes (US $74,172/year for users vs US $62,940/year for nonusers). Even after adjusting for these potential confounders, patient portal use had a positive and clinically meaningful impact on patients’ preventive health behaviors but not on chronic health outcomes.

Conclusions
This paper contributes to the understanding of the impact of patient portal use on health outcomes and is the first study to identify a meaningful subgroup of patients’ health behaviors that improved with portal use. These findings may encourage providers to promote portal use to improve patients’ preventive health behaviors.
The Use of and Experiences With Telelactation Among Rural Breastfeeding Mothers: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Kapinos Kandice , Kotzias Virginia , Bogen Debra , Ray Kristin , Demirci Jill , Rigas Mary Ann , Uscher-Pines Lori 
Published: July 2019

Background
Telelactation services connect breastfeeding mothers to remotely located lactation consultants through audio-visual technology and can increase access to professional breastfeeding support in rural areas.

Objective
The objective of this study was to identify maternal characteristics associated with the demand for and use of telelactation and to describe visit characteristics.

Methods
We conducted a descriptive study within the context of a randomized controlled trial. Participant survey data and vendor electronic medical record data were used to assess video call characteristics like timing, duration, topics discussed, and participant satisfaction. Recruitment occurred from 2016-2018 at a rural critical access hospital in Pennsylvania. The 102 women enrolled in the study were given access to unlimited, on-demand video calls with lactation consultants through a mobile phone app and were tracked for 12 weeks following their postpartum hospitalization.

Results
A total of 94 participants out of 102 recruits (92%) participated in the final, 12-week survey assessment were included in the analysis. Of those, 47 (50%) participants reported participating in one or more video calls, and 31 (33%) completed one or more calls that included a substantive discussion of a breastfeeding challenge. Participants who used telelactation (21/31, 68%; P=.02) were more likely to be working at 12 weeks postpartum compared to others (26/63, 41%), were less likely (12/31, 39%; P=.02) to have prior breastfeeding experience on average compared to nonusers (41/63, 65%), and were less likely to have breastfed exclusively (16/31, 52%; P<.001) prior to hospital discharge compared to mothers who didn’t use telelactation services (51/63, 81%). Most video calls (58/83, 70%) occurred during the infant’s first month of life and 41% (34/83) occurred outside of business hours. The most common challenges discussed included: breast pain, soreness, and infection (25/83, 30%), use of nipple shields (21/83, 25%), and latch or positioning (17/83, 24%). Most telelactation users (43/47, 91%) expressed satisfaction with the help received.

Conclusions
Telelactation is an innovation in the delivery of professional breastfeeding support. This research documents both demand for and positive experiences with telelactation in an underserved population.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02870413; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02870413
Groundwater resources mapping for small island using Geoelectrical Technique the case study of Ternate Island
Authors: Hadi M. Pramono , Salam Ramdani , Achmad Rahim 
Published: July 2019

The measurement of 2D geo-electrical using Wenner Alpha configuration was conducted in the shore line of northern part of Ternate island, in order to know the depth of interface and to analyze the aquifers in conjunction with estimation of ground water potential. Water quality analysis is also conducted in some dug wells, such as in situ water temperature, electrical conductivity, pH, turbidity, dissolved oxygen, and salinity.Due to laboratory analysis, the values of measured parameters of water quality from some dug wells meets to the standards referred, especially for drinking water. The result of interpretation from geo-electrical data showed the depth of interface less than 10m. From a drilled well data near shore line, indicate about 5m deep of interface. Base on geo-electrical survey, water quality analysis and field observation can be concluded that Ternate Island has limited potential of ground water, especially related to amount of fresh ground water. Which is now days, no alternative source yet of clean water for domestic use.
Upholding the Honour of the Crown
Authors: McMorrow Thomas 
Published: July 2019

In this paper, I aim to advance understanding of the constitutional principle of the honour of the Crown, by evaluating legal and political dimensions of the concept. I seek to demonstrate how the honour of the Crown may obscure but also illuminate legal issues and political challenges that meaningful pursuit of reconciliation involves. I argue that once one starts to ask “Who is to uphold the honour of the Crown?” one observes opaque royal symbolism obscuring, but also framing, contested questions of governance shot through with collective coordination problems. I argue that appreciating the normative potential of the “honour of the Crown” means acknowledging that the concept figures as but one of many communicative forms that may serve to foster a more just arrangement for and among peoples.