bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Atypical postural control can be detected via computer vision analysis in toddlers with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Dawson Geraldine , Campbell Kathleen , Hashemi Jordan , Lippmann Steven J. , Smith Valerie , Carpenter Kimberly , Egger Helen , Espinosa Steven , Vermeer Saritha , Baker Jeffrey , Sapiro Guillermo 
Published: November 2018

AbstractEvidence suggests that differences in motor function are an early feature of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). One aspect of motor ability that develops during childhood is postural control, reflected in the ability to maintain a steady head and body position without excessive sway. Observational studies have documented differences in postural control in older children with ASD. The present study used computer vision analysis to assess midline head postural control, as reflected in the rate of spontaneous head movements during states of active attention, in 104 toddlers between 16–31 months of age (Mean = 22 months), 22 of whom were diagnosed with ASD. Time-series data revealed robust group differences in the rate of head movements while the toddlers watched movies depicting social and nonsocial stimuli. Toddlers with ASD exhibited a significantly higher rate of head movement as compared to non-ASD toddlers, suggesting difficulties in maintaining midline position of the head while engaging attentional systems. The use of digital phenotyping approaches, such as computer vision analysis, to quantify variation in early motor behaviors will allow for more precise, objective, and quantitative characterization of early motor signatures and potentially provide new automated methods for early autism risk identification.
Fluoride-doped amorphous calcium phosphate nanoparticles as a promising biomimetic material for dental remineralization
Authors: Iafisco Michele , Degli Esposti Lorenzo , Ramírez-Rodríguez Gloria Belén , Carella Francesca , Gómez-Morales Jaime , Ionescu Andrei Cristian , Brambilla Eugenio , Tampieri Anna , Delgado-López José Manuel 
Published: November 2018

AbstractDemineralization of dental hard tissue is a widespread problem and the main responsible for dental caries and dentin hypersensitivity. The most promising strategies to induce the precipitation of new mineral phase are the application of materials releasing gradually Ca2+ and PO43− ions or mimicking the mineral phase of the host tissue. However, the design of formulations covering both processes is so far a challenge in preventive dentistry. In this work, we have synthesized innovative biomimetic amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP), which has been, for the first time, doped with fluoride ions (FACP) to obtain materials with enhanced anti-caries and remineralizing properties. Significantly, the doping with fluoride (F) did not vary the physico-chemical features of ACP but resulted in a faster conversion to the crystalline apatite phase in water, as observed by in-situ time-dependent Raman experiments. The efficacy of the as synthesized ACP and FACP samples to occlude dentinal tubules and induce enamel remineralization has been tested in vitro in human molar teeth. The samples showed good ability to partially occlude the tubules of acid-etched dentin and to restore demineralized enamel into its native structure. Results demonstrate that ACP and FACP are promising biomimetic materials in preventive dentistry to hinder demineralization of dental hard tissues.
Deep transfer learning-based hologram classification for molecular diagnostics
Authors: Kim Sung-Jin , Wang Chuangqi , Zhao Bing , Im Hyungsoon , Min Jouha , Choi Hee June , Tadros Joseph , Choi Nu Ri , Castro Cesar M. , Weissleder Ralph , Lee Hakho , Lee Kwonmoo 
Published: November 2018

AbstractLens-free digital in-line holography (LDIH) is a promising microscopic tool that overcomes several drawbacks (e.g., limited field of view) of traditional lens-based microcopy. However, extensive computation is required to reconstruct object images from the complex diffraction patterns produced by LDIH. This limits LDIH utility for point-of-care applications, particularly in resource limited settings. We describe a deep transfer learning (DTL) based approach to process LDIH images in the context of cellular analyses. Specifically, we captured holograms of cells labeled with molecular-specific microbeads and trained neural networks to classify these holograms without reconstruction. Using raw holograms as input, the trained networks were able to classify individual cells according to the number of cell-bound microbeads. The DTL-based approach including a VGG19 pretrained network showed robust performance with experimental data. Combined with the developed DTL approach, LDIH could be realized as a low-cost, portable tool for point-of-care diagnostics.
Bioavailability of a novel form of silicon supplement
Authors: Scholey D. V. , Belton D. J. , Burton E. J. , Perry C. C. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractIn this study, we assessed uptake and potential efficacy of a novel, pH neutral form of silicon supplement in vitro and using broiler chickens as a model species. In vitro bioavailability of this supplement was significantly higher than other commercial supplements tested, all of which claim available silica content. To confirm bioavailability of the new supplement in vivo, a broiler chick feeding trial reported blood uptake that was significantly higher than a Bamboo-derived silicon supplement. We assessed dose response of the novel supplement in a further study with increased dose related levels of silicon being detected in the blood and tibia. We found tibia and foot ash residue as a percentage of dry mass was higher with inclusion of the novel supplement in the diet, particularly in young birds and that this was followed by significant increase in tibia breaking strength. This novel supplement may therefore have applications in the improvement of bone integrity, with implications for the reduction of lameness in broilers. These results indicate the novel silica supplement is readily absorbed in chicks, and transported in the blood supply to sites such as the skeleton due to it being present in a non-condensed, monomeric form. There is potential for wider application of this silica supplement in other species where bone breakages are a problem, including high performance sport.
Characterization of a new N-terminally acetylated extra-mitochondrial isoform of frataxin in human erythrocytes
Authors: Guo Lili , Wang Qingqing , Weng Liwei , Hauser Lauren A. , Strawser Cassandra J. , Mesaros Clementina , Lynch David R. , Blair Ian A. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractFrataxin is a highly conserved protein encoded by the frataxin (FXN) gene. The full-length 210-amino acid form of protein frataxin (1–210; isoform A) expressed in the cytosol of cells rapidly translocates to the mitochondria, where it is converted to the mature form (81–210) by mitochondrial processing peptidase. Mature frataxin (81–210) is a critically important protein because it facilitates the assembly of mitochondrial iron-sulfur cluster protein complexes such as aconitase, lipoate synthase, and succinate dehydrogenases. Decreased expression of frataxin protein is responsible for the devastating rare genetic disease of Friedreich’s ataxia. The mitochondrial form of frataxin has long been thought to be present in erythrocytes even though paradoxically, erythrocytes lack mitochondria. We have discovered that erythrocyte frataxin is in fact a novel isoform of frataxin (isoform E) with 135-amino acids and an N-terminally acetylated methionine residue. There is three times as much isoform E in erythrocytes (20.9 ± 6.4 ng/mL) from the whole blood of healthy volunteers (n = 10) when compared with the mature mitochondrial frataxin present in other blood cells (7.1 ± 1.0 ng/mL). Isoform E lacks a mitochondrial targeting sequence and so is distributed to both cytosol and the nucleus when expressed in cultured cells. When extra-mitochondrial frataxin isoform E is expressed in HEK 293 cells, it is converted to a shorter isoform identical to the mature frataxin found in mitochondria, which raises the possibility that it is involved in disease etiology. The ability to specifically quantify extra-mitochondrial and mitochondrial isoforms of frataxin in whole blood will make it possible to readily follow the natural history of diseases such as Friedreich’s ataxia and monitor the efficacy of therapeutic interventions.
Campylobacter jejuni bile exposure influences outer membrane vesicles protein content and bacterial interaction with epithelial cells
Authors: Taheri Nayyer , Mahmud A. K. M. Firoj , Sandblad Linda , Fällman Maria , Wai Sun Nyunt , Fahlgren Anna 
Published: November 2018

AbstractCampylobacter jejuni is a prevalent human pathogen and a major cause of bacterial gastroenteritis in the world. In humans, C. jejuni colonizes the intestinal tract and its tolerance to bile is crucial for bacteria to survive and establish infection. C. jejuni produces outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) which have been suggested to be involved in virulence. In this study, the proteome composition of C. jejuni OMVs in response to low concentration of bile was investigated. We showed that exposure of C. jejuni to low concentrations of bile, similar to the concentration in cecum, induced significant changes in the protein profile of OMVs released during growth without affecting the protein profile of the bacteria. This suggests that bile influences a selective packing of the OMVs after bacterial exposure to low bile. A low concentration of bile was found to increase bacterial adhesion to intestinal epithelial cells, likely by an enhanced hydrophobicity of the cell membrane following exposure to bile. The increased bacterial adhesiveness was not associated with increased invasion, instead bile exposure decreased C. jejuni invasion. OMVs released from bacteria upon exposure to low bile showed to increase both adhesion and invasion of non-bile-exposed bacteria into intestinal epithelial cells. These findings suggest that C. jejuni in environments with low concentrations of bile produce OMVs that facilitates colonization of the bacteria, and this could potentially contribute to virulence of C. jejuni in the gut.
IL-1β- and IL-4-polarized macrophages have opposite effects on adipogenesis of intramuscular fibro-adipogenic progenitors in humans
Authors: Moratal C. , Raffort J. , Arrighi N. , Rekima S. , Schaub S. , Dechesne C. A. , Chinetti G. , Dani C. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractIntramuscular fat deposition represents a negative prognostic factor for several myopathies, metabolic diseases and aging. Fibro-adipogenic progenitors (FAPs) are considered as the main source of intramuscular adipocytes, but the mechanisms controlling their adipogenic potential are still not elucidated in humans. The aim of this study was to explore the regulation of human FAP adipogenesis by macrophages. We found that CD140a-expressing FAPs were located close to CD68 positive macrophages in muscles from patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). This strongly suggests a potential interaction between FAPs and macrophages in vivo. Isolated human primary FAPs were then differentiated in the presence of conditioned media obtained from primary blood monocyte-polarized macrophages. Molecules released by IL-1β-polarized macrophages (M(IL-1β)) drastically reduced FAP adipogenic potential as assessed by decreased cellular lipid accumulation and reduced gene expression of adipogenic markers. This was associated with an increased gene expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in FAPs. Conversely, factors secreted by IL-4-polarized macrophages (M(IL-4)) enhanced FAP adipogenesis. Finally, the inhibition of FAP adipocyte differentiation by M(IL-1β) macrophages requires the stimulation of Smad2 phosphorylation of FAPs. Our findings identify a novel potential crosstalk between FAPs and M(IL-1β) and M(IL-4) macrophages in the development of adipocyte accumulation in human skeletal muscles.
Coexistence of turbulence-like and glassy behaviours in a photonic system
Authors: González Iván R. R. , Raposo Ernesto P. , Macêdo Antônio M. S. , de S. Menezes Leonardo , Gomes Anderson S. L. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractCoexistence of physical phenomena can occur in quite unexpected ways. Here we demonstrate the first evidence in any physical system of the coexistence in the same set of measurements of two of the most challenging phenomena in complex systems: turbulence and spin glasses. We employ a quasi-one-dimensional random fibre laser, which displays all essential ingredients underlying both behaviours, namely disorder, frustration and nonlinearity, as well as turbulent energy cascades and intermittent energy flux between fluctuation scales. Our extensive experimental results are theoretically supported by a newly defined photonic Pearson correlation coefficient that unveils the role of the intermittency and describes remarkably well both the spin-glass Parisi overlap parameter and the distribution of turbulent-like intensity increments. Our findings open the way to unravel subtle connections with other complex phenomena, such as disordered nonlinear wave propagation, Lévy statistics of intensity fluctuations, and rogue waves.
Phase contrast time-lapse microscopy datasets with automated and manual cell tracking annotations
Authors: Ker Dai Fei Elmer , Eom Sungeun , Sanami Sho , Bise Ryoma , Pascale Corinne , Yin Zhaozheng , Huh Seung-il , Osuna-Highley Elvira , Junkers Silvina N. , Helfrich Casey J. , Liang Peter Yongwen , Pan Jiyan , Jeong Soojin , Kang Steven S. , Liu Jinyu , Nicholson Ritchie , Sandbothe Michael F. , Van Phu T. , Liu Anan , Chen Mei , Kanade Takeo , Weiss Lee E. , Campbell Phil G. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractPhase contrast time-lapse microscopy is a non-destructive technique that generates large volumes of image-based information to quantify the behaviour of individual cells or cell populations. To guide the development of algorithms for computer-aided cell tracking and analysis, 48 time-lapse image sequences, each spanning approximately 3.5 days, were generated with accompanying ground truths for C2C12 myoblast cells cultured under 4 different media conditions, including with fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2), bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2), FGF2 + BMP2, and control (no growth factor). The ground truths generated contain information for tracking at least 3 parent cells and their descendants within these datasets and were validated using a two-tier system of manual curation. This comprehensive, validated dataset will be useful in advancing the development of computer-aided cell tracking algorithms and function as a benchmark, providing an invaluable opportunity to deepen our understanding of individual and population-based cell dynamics for biomedical research.
A longitudinal plasma lipidomics dataset from children who developed islet autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes
Authors: Lamichhane Santosh , Ahonen Linda , Dyrlund Thomas Sparholt , Siljander Heli , Hyöty Heikki , Ilonen Jorma , Toppari Jorma , Veijola Riitta , Hyötyläinen Tuulia , Knip Mikael , Orešič Matej 
Published: November 2018

AbstractEarly prediction and prevention of type 1 diabetes (T1D) are currently unmet medical needs. Previous metabolomics studies suggest that children who develop T1D are characterised by a distinct metabolic profile already detectable during infancy, prior to the onset of islet autoimmunity. However, the specificity of persistent metabolic disturbances in relation T1D development has not yet been established. Here, we report a longitudinal plasma lipidomics dataset from (1) 40 children who progressed to T1D during follow-up, (2) 40 children who developed single islet autoantibody but did not develop T1D and (3) 40 matched controls (6 time points: 3, 6, 12, 18, 24 and 36 months of age). This dataset may help other researchers in studying age-dependent progression of islet autoimmunity and T1D as well as of the age-dependence of lipidomic profiles in general. Alternatively, this dataset could more broadly used for the development of methods for the analysis of longitudinal multivariate data.
Transformerless quadratic‐based high step‐down DC–DC converter with wide duty cycle range
Authors: Chavoshipour Heris Pedram , Saadatizadeh Zahra , Rostami Naghi 
Published: November 2018

In this study, a quadratic‐based transformerless high step‐down DC‐DC buck converter is presented. There are two switching patterns applied to the switches. Through the first switching pattern, the proposed converter provides a constant step‐down voltage conversion ratio for the whole ranges of duty cycles. On the other hand, by using an interleaved switching pattern for the proposed converter the input voltage will be divided equally between the primary capacitors, as a result, low voltage stress will be across the semiconductor components. This feature allows the designer to select switches and diodes with lower voltage ratings. However, with the interleaved switching pattern, the converter will have two different voltage conversion ratios for duty cycles larger and less than 0.5. Furthermore, the proposed converter is capable of providing a high range of currents without applying extremely narrow duty ratios. Theoretical analysis is provided in this study. To show the merits of the proposed converter, it is compared with other similar recently presented converters. A 430 W prototype of the proposed converter with 600 V/20 V is implemented and experimental results are presented and compared with the theoretical ones.
Aktuelle operative Therapiekonzepte zur Behandlung von Wirbelsäulendeformitäten bei Morbus Bechterew
Authors: Bogert J. , Koller H. , Tateen A. , Hempfing A. 
Published: November 2018

ZusammenfassungDie Korrektur von Wirbelsäulendeformitäten beim M. Bechterew erfordert eine große operative Erfahrung. Ist die OP-Indikation bei Absenkung der Blickachse und damit verbundener Einschränkung der Lebensqualität recht klar zu stellen, so erfordert die OP-Planung eine sorgfältige Beurteilung der individuellen Anatomie und des sagittalen Profils. Durch die präoperative Analyse wird, neben dem notwendigen Korrekturausmaß, insbesondere die Lokalisation und die Art der Osteotomie festgelegt. Über die eigentliche Osteotomie hinaus ist die Technik der implantatgeführten Korrektur von entscheidender Bedeutung, um Komplikationen wie eine Translation zu vermeiden. Die vorliegende Übersichtsarbeit fasst das aktuelle Vorgehen von Planung und operativer Korrektur zusammen.
Muskelkrämpfe: Halbwissen versus Evidenz
Authors: Esser Margarete 
Published: November 2018

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Muskelkrämpfe sind weit verbreitet in der Bevölkerung, gerade auch bei Sportlern. Viele haben ihre Vorstellungen, was dagegen helfen könnte.
Ziel Abgleich zwischen den therapeutischen Vorstellungen der Menschen, vornehmlich Sportlern, was sie gemeinhin bei Muskelkrämpfen als hilfreich erachten und der durch Studien belegten Wirksamkeit.
Methode Literaturrecherche.
Ergebnisse Die Studienlage unterscheidet sich deutlich vom „Halbwissen“ der Teilnehmer.
Schlussfolgerung Mit Halbwissen sollte aufgeräumt werden, und aktuelles, wissenschaftlich belegtes Wissen muss sich, gerade auch über Multiplikatoren wie Trainer, Ärzte etc., in der Bevölkerung verbreiten.
Structural alignment in L2 task-based interaction
Authors: Dao Phung , Trofimovich Pavel , Kennedy Sara 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
This study investigated L2 structural alignment, the tendency for interlocutors to re-use a syntactic structure present in recent discourse, focusing on two information-gap interactive tasks. Thirty-four university students from diverse language backgrounds, recruited from different academic programs at a Canadian English-medium university, carried out the two information-gap interactive tasks in dyads. Interaction data were transcribed and coded for instances of structural alignment and the alignment’s characteristics in terms of structure type and accuracy. Results indicated that structural alignment occurred in L2 task-based interaction generated by both tasks. This structural repetition was linked to an improved accuracy of subsequent language production. Furthermore, the two tasks were associated with different structures that were converged on, and with varying degrees of structural alignment. These findings are discussed in terms of effects of task features on structural alignment, and the role of structural alignment in subsequent language production.
Multi-modal visually-oriented translanguaging among Deaf signers
Authors: Allard Karin , Chen Pichler Deborah 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Translanguaging is often regarded with great skepticism in the context of Deaf education, as an approach that has already been
tried, with disastrous results. Already in the 1960’s educators understood the critical importance of allowing deaf children to
exploit their full linguistic repertoire for learning: not only listening, lip-reading and reading/writing, but also sign
language, fingerspelling, gesture, and other strategies that render language visually accessible. The resulting teaching
philosophy, Total Communication (TC), quickly became the dominant approach employed in Deaf education. Yet despite its progressive
stance on multilingualism and multimodality, TC ultimately failed to provide deaf students with full access to a natural language.
This chapter contrasts the ineffective multilingual practices under TC with characteristically “Deaf ways” of multilingual
meaning-making observed among skilled Deaf signers. Excerpts from life story interviews illustrate the impact these practices have
for scaffolding learning among Deaf students newly arrived in Sweden. We conclude that prioritizing visually-oriented practices
and supporting both students and teachers to become skilled signers offer the best assurance for successful translanguaging in
Deaf education without engendering the problems that caused TC to fail.
Identify origin of replication inSaccharomyces cerevisiaeusing two-step feature selection technique
Authors: Dao Fu-Ying , Lv Hao , Wang Fang , Feng Chao-Qin , Ding Hui , Chen Wei , Lin Hao 
Published: November 2018

AbstractMotivationDNA replication is a key step to maintain the continuity of genetic information between parental generation and offspring. The initiation site of DNA replication, also called origin of replication (ORI), plays an extremely important role in the basic biochemical process. Thus, rapidly and effectively identifying the location of ORI in genome will provide key clues for genome analysis. Although biochemical experiments could provide detailed information for ORI, it requires high experimental cost and long experimental period. As good complements to experimental techniques, computational methods could overcome these disadvantages.ResultsThus, in this study, we developed a predictor called iORI-PseKNC2.0 to identify ORIs in the Saccharomyces cerevisiae genome based on sequence information. The PseKNC including 90 physicochemical properties was proposed to formulate ORI and non-ORI samples. In order to improve the accuracy, a two-step feature selection was proposed to exclude redundant and noise information. As a result, the overall success rate of 88.53% was achieved in the 5-fold cross-validation test by using support vector machine.Availability and implementationBased on the proposed model, a user-friendly webserver was established and can be freely accessed at http://lin-group.cn/server/iORI-PseKNC2.0. The webserver will provide more convenience to most of wet-experimental scholars.