bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Small Molecule Antagonists of NAADP-Induced Ca2+ Release in T-Lymphocytes Suggest Potential Therapeutic Agents for Autoimmune Disease
Authors: Zhang Bo , Watt Joanna M , Cordiglieri Chiara , Dammermann Werner , Mahon Mary F. , Flügel Alexander , Guse Andreas H. , Potter Barry V. L. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractNicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAADP) is the most potent Ca2+-releasing second messenger known to date, but the precise NAADP/Ca2+ signalling mechanisms are still controversial. We report the synthesis of small-molecule inhibitors of NAADP-induced Ca2+ release based upon the nicotinic acid motif. Alkylation of nicotinic acid with a series of bromoacetamides generated a diverse compound library. However, many members were only weakly active or had poor physicochemical properties. Structural optimisation produced the best inhibitors that interact specifically with the NAADP/Ca2+ release mechanism, having no effect on Ca2+ mobilized by the other well-known second messengers d-myo-inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate [Ins(1,4,5)P3] or cyclic adenosine 5′-diphospho-ribose (cADPR). Lead compound (2) was an efficient antagonist of NAADP-evoked Ca2+ release in vitro in intact T lymphocytes and ameliorated clinical disease in vivo in a rat experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) model of multiple sclerosis. Compound (3) (also known as BZ194) was synthesized as its bromide salt, confirmed by crystallography, and was more membrane permeant than 2. The corresponding zwitterion (3a), was also prepared and studied by crystallography, but 3 had more desirable physicochemical properties. 3 Is potent in vitro and in vivo and has found widespread use as a tool to modulate NAADP effects in autoimmunity and cardiovascular applications. Taken together, data suggest that the NAADP/Ca2+ signalling mechanism may serve as a potential target for T cell- or cardiomyocyte-related diseases such as multiple sclerosis or arrhythmia. Further modification of these lead compounds may potentially result in drug candidates of clinical use.
Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Alarm versus Desmopressin Therapy for Pediatric Monosymptomatic Enuresis
Authors: Peng Carol Chiung-Hui , Yang Stephen Shei-Dei , Austin Paul F. , Chang Shang-Jen 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThis study is to compare the efficacy of enuresis alarm and desmopressin therapy in managing pediatric monosymptomatic enuresis. We performed systematic literature searches on different databases from inception until April 2017 without language restriction. All randomized control trials comparing an enuresis alarm and desmopressin in managing children with monosymptomatic enuresis were included. A total of 15 studies with 1502 participants (aged 5 to 16 years) were included for pooled analysis. Overall, an enuresis alarm outperformed desmopressin in achieving at least a partial response (>50% reduction in wet nights) in per-protocol analysis (OR: 1.53, 95% CI 1.05 to 2.23) but not in intention-to-treat analysis (OR: 0.97, 95% CI 0.73 to 1.30) as the alarm was hampered by a high dropout rate (OR: 2.20, 95% CI 3.41 to 4.29). However, alarm therapy yielded a better sustained response (OR: 2.89, 95% CI 1.38 to 6.04) and lower relapse rate (OR: 0.25, 95% CI 0.12 to 0.50). In the intention to treat analysis, the results revealed that alarm and desmopressin therapy are comparable in efficacy with regards to achieving >50% reduction in baseline wet nights in enuretic children. However, enuresis alarms offer a superior treatment response and a lower relapse rate in well-motivated children.
Structure and oligomerization of the periplasmic domain of GspL from the type II secretion system of Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Fulara Aleksandra , Vandenberghe Isabel , Read Randy J. , Devreese Bart , Savvides Savvas N. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe ability of bacteria to infect a host relies in part on the secretion of molecular virulence factors across the cell envelope. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a ubiquitous environmental bacterium causing opportunistic infections in humans, employs the type II secretion system (T2SS) to transport effector proteins across its cellular envelope as part of a diverse array of virulence strategies. General secretory pathway protein L (GspL) is an essential inner-membrane component of the T2SS apparatus, and is thought to facilitate transduction of the energy from ATP hydrolysis in the cytoplasm to the periplasmic components of the system. However, our incomplete understanding of the assembly principles of the T2SS machinery prevents the mechanistic deconvolution of T2SS-mediated protein secretion. Here we show via two crystal structures that the periplasmic ferredoxin-like domain of GspL (GspLfld) is a dimer stabilized by hydrophobic interactions, and that this interface may allow significant interdomain plasticity. The general dimerization mode of GspLfld is shared with GspL from Vibrio parahaemolyticus suggesting a conserved oligomerization mode across the GspL family. Furthermore, we identified a tetrameric form of the complete periplasmic segment of GspL (GspLperi) which indicates that GspL may be able to adopt multiple oligomeric states as part of its dynamic role in the T2SS apparatus.
Molecular Simulation of MoS2 Exfoliation
Authors: Zhou Guoqing , Rajak Pankaj , Susarla Sandhya , Ajayan Pulickel M. , Kalia Rajiv K. , Nakano Aiichiro , Vashishta Priya 
Published: November 2018

AbstractA wide variety of two-dimensional layered materials are synthesized by liquid-phase exfoliation. Here we examine exfoliation of MoS2 into nanosheets in a mixture of water and isopropanol (IPA) containing cavitation bubbles. Using force fields optimized with experimental data on interfacial energies between MoS2 and the solvent, multimillion-atom molecular dynamics simulations are performed in conjunction with experiments to examine shock-induced collapse of cavitation bubbles and the resulting exfoliation of MoS2. The collapse of cavitation bubbles generates high-speed nanojets and shock waves in the solvent. Large shear stresses due to the nanojet impact on MoS2 surfaces initiate exfoliation, and shock waves reflected from MoS2 surfaces enhance exfoliation. Structural correlations in the solvent indicate that shock induces an ice VII like motif in the first solvation shell of water.
Prospective diagnostic and prognostic study of copeptin in suspected acute aortic syndromes
Authors: Morello Fulvio , Oddi Matteo , Cavalot Giulia , Ianniello Alice , Giachino Francesca , Nazerian Peiman , Battista Stefania , Magnino Corrado , Tizzani Maria , Settanni Fabio , Mengozzi Giulio , Lupia Enrico 
Published: November 2018

AbstractAcute aortic syndromes (AAS) are cardiovascular emergencies with unmet diagnostic needs. Copeptin is released upon stress conditions and is approved for rule-out of myocardial infarction (MI). As MI and AAS share presenting symptoms, stress mechanisms and necessity for rapid diagnosis, copeptin appears as an attractive biomarker also for AAS. We thus performed a diagnostic and observational study in Emergency Department (ED) outpatients. Inclusion criteria were chest/abdominal/back pain, syncope and/or perfusion deficit, plus AAS in differential diagnosis. Blood samples were obtained in the ED. 313 patients were analyzed and 105 (33.5%) were diagnosed with AAS. Median copeptin was 38.91 pmol/L (interquartile range, IQR, 16.33–173.4) in AAS and 7.51 pmol/L (IQR 3.58–15.08) in alternative diagnoses (P < 0.001). Copeptin (≥10 pmol/L) had a sensitivity of 80.8% (95% confidence interval, CI, 72.2–87.2) and a specificity of 63.6% (CI 56.9–69.9) for AAS. Within 6 hours, the sensitivity and specificity were 88.7% (CI 79.3–94.2) and 52.4% (CI 42.9–61.8) respectively. Combination with D-dimer did not increase the diagnostic yield. Furthermore, copeptin ≥25 pmol/L predicted mortality in patients with alternative diagnoses but not with AAS. In conclusion, copeptin increases in most patients with AAS within the first hours, but the accuracy of copeptin for diagnosis AAS is suboptimal.
Achievement of required surface roughnesses in complex profile channels by dynamic combined processing
Authors: Boldyrev Alexander I. , Sukhochev Gennady A. , Boldyrev Alexander A. , Silaev Denis V. , Sokolnikov Vasily N. 
Published: November 2018

At present for processing of complex geometrical channels of workpieces electrochemical dimensional processing, vibro-impact machining and vibro-extruding are widely used. However combined electrochemical mechanical processing, that unites anodic dissolution and plastic flow of material in space and time, provides the required characteristics of surface layer. Local action anodic dissolution changes cold work amount and accelerates dissolution of micro- and macro-cusps, this causes annealing of physical and mechanical parameters in processed segments and accross the whole surface profile the required strengthening degree is attained.
The authors examine annealing model for microsurface by grain displacement in channel where extrusion forcing is dictated by grains size and profile of narrow blade channel and also by actual processing conditions. Operating conditions that are recommended for implementation of combined electrochemical mechanical processing of impeller and turbine type workpieces are found by experiments.
In consequence of field research they determined availability of standard microgeometry across the whole surface profile by combined processing with vibrations hashing with up to 2030 Hz frequency and low voltage current (in operation range from 1,2 till 1,8 V). Therein technological cycle decreases up to two fold, this reduces inadmissible jumping of blade edges and dimensional allowance.
Incidence and risk factors of the temporomandibular joint disorders in the patients without condylar fractures
Authors: Junjie Yan , Weidong Liu , Ren Lin , Min Ye 
Published: November 2018

Objective: To evaluate the incidence and risk factors of the temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD) in the patients suffering from maxillo-facial injury without condylar fractures.Methods: sixty patients without condylar fractures were recruited from Feb 2014 to Nov 2015 in the department of stomatology, Lishui people’s hospital. The incidence of TMD was recorded at 1, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months after injury through MRI examination. The risk factors for TMD were evaluated by logistic regression analysis.Results: the TMD incidence rates were 25.0%, 30.0%, 35.0%, 41.7% and 48.3% at 1, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months after injury with no statistical difference between male and female (P>0.05). Logistic regression indicated that disorder of occlusal relationship (OR=1.84,95%CI:1.36-2.78) and hemi-mastication (OR=1.56, 95% CI:1.23- 2.24) were independent risk factors for the development of TMD.Conclusion: there was a high incidence of temporomandibular joint disorders in the patients suffering from maxillo-facial injury without condylar fractures. The disorder of occlusal relationship and hemi-mastication were independent risk factors for the development of post-injury TMD.
Analysis of the association betweenCDH2gene polymorphism and osteoarthritis risk
Authors: Zhao Guanglei , Shi Jingsheng , Xia Jun 
Published: November 2018

Objective: to define the cadherin 2 (CDH2) gene polymorphism in Chinese osteoarthritis and control populations and to explore the correlation betweenCDH2gene polymorphism and the risk of osteoarthritis.Method: a total of 476 patients with osteoarthritis were collected and 380 control subjects were included in the study. Clinical data such as gender, age and functional score were collected. The blood and tissue samples were collected and genotyped by PCR. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 19.0, Hapioview 4.2 and SNPstats softwares.Results: the association of rs11083271 and osteoarthritis was initially validated in this study population (P = 0.016, OR = 1.43 (1.07- 1.93)]. The risk of OA was significantly higher in heterozygous T/C than in homozygous T/T and C/C in rs11083271. By adjusting the age, according to gender stratification analysis, the heterozygous T/C genotype in rs11083271 significantly increased the risk of OA incidence in males [p = 0.011, 3.40 (1.55-7.43)]. The remaining rs sites were not significantly associated with OA. Notably, the association of rs11564299 with OA, regardless of genotyping, gene frequency and RNA expression levels in the study population, was not confirmed.Conclusion: in this study, we have analyzed the association betweenCDH2gene polymorphism and OA in Chinese population. We found that rs11083271 heterozygous T/C genotype significantly increases the risk of OA and the severity of the disease. By contrast, the rs11564299 locus and OA have no significant correlation in the Chinese population. The role of rs11083271 in the regulation of CDH2 expression levels and the mechanisms by which it impacts OA remain to be further studied.
Gender as a recruitment criterion in the parliamentary political elite of Latvia (1993–2016)
Authors: Metla-Rozentale Lelde 
Published: November 2018

The globalization process has transformed substantially understanding of the issue of border. Revising borders is also seen in political science – in the area of political elite recruitment. Recruitment criteria and their importance are changing, including the importance of gender. In 1981 the United Nations General Assembly adopted the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women, which provides equal rights of genders in the political elite, the so-called “mirror representation”, i.e., in the political elite men and women should be represented proportionally according to their number in society [4]. It should be particularly stressed that the purpose of “mirror representation” is not only to ensure equal rights of genders, but first of all to improve the quality of politics. As soon as Latvia regained its independence in 1990, the complicated process of formation (recovery) of the democratic governance model started. In 1993 the first parliamentary elections were held, and by 2016 elections for eight parliamentary terms had been held [3]. In view of the complex political history of Latvia, it is interesting and important to clarify the role of gender in the Latvian parliamentary political elite recruitment process – what correlations can be observed with regard to the male and female share in the parliament during the period from 1995 till 2016, and the extent to which it complies with the sex ratio breakdown of the society.
How hardiness and the quality of life relate to the parameters of autonomic balance
Authors: Nikolaeva Elena , Elnikova Oksana , Vergunov Eugeny , Perevoskina Yulia 
Published: November 2018

The purpose of the research was to evaluate the prognostic significance of the two tests most often used by psychologists for describing of the subject's quality of life: the Short Form-36 Health Status Survey (SF-36) and the Hardiness Test (Maddi, 1998). As an indicator of the state of internal control, the activity of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and the parasympathetic nervous system (PSNS) was chosen. Our study sample consisted of 59 students and office workers (mean age of 25.1 ± 11.0 years). The study was conducted in two successive stages. During each of the stages, the heart rate was recorded, the slow and the fast waves on the cardiogram were assessed. During the first stage, the R-R intervals were recorded with the subject in a state of quiet wakefulness; during the second, while the subject's health was being discussed. A second recording was done for further elaboration (once again while the test subject was in the process of describing the state of their health). The only correlation between a person's own description and the actual inner state arises when they are describing their real responsibilities and how they carry them out.
Fixationsoptionen des Receivers/Stimulators bei
Cochlea-Implantation begutachtet
Authors: Tisch Matthias 
Published: November 2018

Pamuk AE et al. The effect of cochlear implant bed preparation and fixation
technique on the revision cochlear implantation rate. J Laryngol Otol 2018;
11:1–6
Zur Prävention einer Migration des Receivers/Stimulators bei der
Cochlea-Implantation ist seine Einbettung entscheidend. Türkische Ärzte der
Klinik für Hals-, Nasen- und Ohrenheilkunde der Universität von Istanbul
verglichen zwei Techniken der Einbettung.
Fingeramputationen und -replantationen bei
unterschiedlichen Kostenträgern: Ist die Vergütung
kostendeckend?
Authors: Sacher Maxi , Auhuber Thomas , Sauerbier Michael , Arsalan-Werner Annika 
Published: November 2018

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Fingeramputationen sind ein in berufsgenossenschaftlichen
Unfallkliniken häufig behandeltes Verletzungsbild und werden entweder durch
Fingerreplantation oder Stumpfbildung therapiert. Die Kosten beider
Therapieoptionen unterscheiden sich dabei erheblich. Ob eine kostendeckende
Vergütung von Fingeramputationsverletzungen insbesondere mit nachfolgender
Fingerreplantation erfolgt und inwiefern dies vom Kostenträger abhängt, ist
Gegenstand dieser Untersuchung.
Methoden Anhand der Kosten- und Vergütungsdaten unserer Klinik aus den
Jahren 2014 und 2015 wurde eine Analyse der Vergütung von Fingerreplantationen
und Fingerstumpfbildungen durchgeführt und mit den Kostendaten der bundesweiten
Kalkulationshäuser nach der InEK-Kalkulation verglichen. Anschließend erfolgte
ein Vergleich der Vergütung gesetzlich krankenversicherter Patienten mit der
Vergütung bei gesetzlich unfallversicherten Patienten.
Ergebnisse Im Untersuchungszeitraum wurde bei insgesamt 90 Patienten eine
Fingerreplantation (n = 30) oder -stumpfbildung (n = 60) von einem oder mehreren
Fingern durchgeführt. Für primäre Fingerstumpfbildungen lagen die tatsächlichen
Kosten (ca. 3551 Euro) niedriger als auf Basis der bundesweiten Kostendaten der
Kalkulationshäuser (ca. 3809 Euro, p = 0,442) angenommen. Es konnte ein
positiver Deckungsbeitrag von durchschnittlich 1008 Euro bei gesetzlich
krankenversicherten und 688 Euro bei gesetzlich unfallversicherten Patienten
errechnet werden (p = 0,578). Primäre Replantationen sowie Replantationen mit
nachfolgender Stumpfbildung waren mit im Mittel 260 Euro bei gesetzlich
krankenversicherten Patienten defizitär. Im Gegensatz dazu war die Vergütung der
gesetzlichen Unfallversicherung mit im Mittel 900 Euro Erlös nach Abzug der
Kosten kostendeckend.
Schlussfolgerung Im deutschen DRG-System ist die Vergütung der Behandlung
von Fingeramputationen abhängig vom Kostenträger. Während diese in der
gesetzlichen Unfallversicherung sowohl für Fingerreplantationen als auch für
Fingeramputationen in Berufsgenossenschaftlichen Kliniken kostendeckend ist, war
dies bei gesetzlich krankenversicherten Patienten lediglich bei primären
Stumpfbildungen der Fall. Insbesondere bei Fingeramputationsverletzungen, die
mit einer Replantation versorgt werden, sollte eine Überarbeitung der
Kalkulationsgrundlage in Erwägung gezogen werden, um monetäre Fehlanreize in der
Patientenversorgung zu vermeiden.
Booster medication to achieve capsule excretion in colon capsule endoscopy: a randomized controlled trial of three regimens
Authors: Kroijer Rasmus , Dyrvig Anne-Kirstine , Kobaek-Larsen Morten , Støvring Jens Overgaard , Qvist Niels , Baatrup Gunnar 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Background and study aims To achieve a complete colon capsule endoscopy, the entire colon must be visualized, clean and filled with clear fluids. The primary aim was to compare three booster regimens in colon capsule endoscopy in achieving capsule excretion within recording time. Secondary aims were quality of bowel cleansing and completion rate (both adequate cleansing and capsule excretion).
Patients and methods Patients scheduled for follow-up colonoscopy due to previous neoplastic findings or familial history of colorectal cancer aged 18 to 70 years were eligible. Bowel preparation was 2-L split doses of polyethylene glycol. Patients were randomized to three booster regimens of either polyethylene glycol (Group A), sulfate-based solution (Group B) or polyethylene glycol with iodine oral contrast (Group C).
Results One hundred eighty participants were included and randomized into three groups of 60. Capsule excretion was 70 % (95 % CI: 58 – 80) in Group A, 73 % (95 % CI: 61 – 83) in Group B and in 68 % (95 % CI: 56 – 79) in Group C, no statistically significant differences. Bowel cleansing grade was statistically significant better in Group B compared to Group A (P = 0.03), but there were no statistically significant differences between Groups C and A (P = 0.40). Complete examination rate was 65 % (95 % CI: 53 – 77), 72 % (95 % CI: 61 – 83) and 62 % (95 % CI: 50 – 74) in Group A, B and C respectively, not statistically significant different.
Conclusions Sulfate-based solution resulted in statistically significant better bowel cleansing compared to polyethylene glycol. Overall the excretion and completion rate was suboptimal. Achieving a high completion rate using patient-tolerable and low-risk compounds is still a challenge.
Efficacy of duodenal bulb biopsy for diagnosis of celiac disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: McCarty Thomas R. , O’Brien Corey R. , Gremida Anas , Ling Christina , Rustagi Tarun 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Background and study aims Although duodenal biopsy is considered the “gold standard” for diagnosis of celiac disease, the optimal location of biopsy within the small bowel for diagnosis remains unclear. The primary aim of this study was to perform a structured systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the diagnostic utility of endoscopic duodenal bulb biopsy for celiac disease.
Patients and methods Searches of PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases were performed from 2000 through December 2017. Review of titles/abstracts, full review of potentially relevant studies, and data abstraction was performed. Measured outcomes of adult and pediatric patients included location of biopsy, mean number of biopsies performed, and diagnosis of celiac disease as defined by the modified Marsh-Oberhuber classification.
Results A total of 17 studies (n = 4050) were included. Seven studies evaluated adults and 11 studies assessed pediatric populations. Mean age of adults and pediatric patients was 46.70 ± 2.69 and 6.33 ± 1.26 years, respectively. Overall, sampling from the duodenal bulb demonstrated a 5 % (95 % CI 3 – 9; P < 0.001) increase in the diagnostic yield of celiac disease. When stratified by pediatric and adult populations, duodenal bulb biopsy demonstrated a 4 % (95 % CI: 1 to 9; P < 0.001) and 8 % (95 % CI: 6 to 10; P < 0.001) increase in the diagnostic yield of celiac disease. Non-celiac histologic diagnoses including Brunner gland hyperplasia and peptic duodenitis were reported more commonly in the duodenal bulb as compared to the distal duodenum with an increase in diagnostic yield of 4 % (95 % CI 3 – 5; P < 0.001) and 1 % (95 % CI 1 – 2; P < 0.001), respectively.
Conclusions Based upon our results, biopsy and histologic examination of duodenal bulb during routine upper endoscopy increases the diagnostic yield of celiac disease.