bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rheumatologic complications in a cohort of 227 patients with common variable immunodeficiency
Authors: Azizi G. , Kiaee F. , Hedayat E. , Yazdani R. , Dolatshahi E. , Alinia T. , Sharifi L. , Mohammadi H. , Kavosi H. , Jadidi‐Niaragh F. , Ziaee V. , Abolhassani H. , Aghamohammadi A. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractCommon variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is the most prevalent symptomatic type of human primary immunodeficiency diseases (PID). Clinically, CVID is characterized by increased susceptibility to infections and a wide variety of autoimmune and rheumatologic disorders. All patients with CVID registered in Iranian PID Registry (IPIDR) were enrolled in this retrospective cohort study. We investigated the frequency of rheumatologic diseases and its association with immunological and clinical phenotypes in patients with CVID. A total of 227 patients with CVID were enrolled in this study. The prevalence of rheumatologic disorders was 10.1% with a higher frequency in women than men. Most common rheumatologic manifestations were juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) and adult rheumatoid arthritis (RA) followed by juvenile spondyloarthritis (JSpA) and undifferentiated inflammatory arthritis (UIA). Septic arthritis in patients with CVID with a history of RA and JIA was higher than patients without rheumatologic complication. Patients with CVID with a history of autoimmunity (both rheumatologic and non‐rheumatologic autoimmunity) had lower regulatory T cells counts in comparison with patients without autoimmune disorders. There was an association between defect in specific antibody responses and negative serologic test results in patients with rheumatologic manifestations. JIA, RA, JSpA and UIA are the most frequent rheumatologic disorders in patients with CVID. Due to antibody deficiency, serologic tests may be negative in these patients. Therefore, these conditions pose significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges for immunologists and rheumatologists in charge of the care for these patients.
Predicting Suicide Attempts for Racial and Ethnic Groups of Patients During Routine Clinical Care
Authors: Coleman Karen J. , Johnson Eric , Ahmedani Brian K. , Beck Arne , Rossom Rebecca C. , Shortreed Susan M. , Simon Greg E. 
Published: March 2018

The aim of this study was to examine variation in suicide ideation and its relationship to risk of suicide attempt in the subsequent 90 days by race and ethnicity. Participants were adults who completed the Patient Health Questionnaire depression module (PHQ9) during an outpatient encounter between January 10, 2010, and December 12, 2012 (N = 509,945 patients; N = 1,228,308 completed PHQ9). Data came from the Virtual Data Warehouse from four health care systems in the Mental Health Research Network. The sample was majority female (73.7%), primarily 30–64 years old (60.1%), healthy (64.5% comorbidity index = 0), and over half were non‐Hispanic White (52.9%). Only Asian patients (OR: 1.31; 95% CI: 1.24, 1.39) had higher odds of reporting suicide ideation when compared to non‐Hispanic White people. All racial and ethnic groups had increased risk for suicide attempt with increased frequency of suicide ideation. The PHQ9 item 9 can be used as an indicator of suicide ideation and risk for suicide attempt up to 90 days after the reported ideation in racial and ethnic minority patients during routine clinical care.
Knee‐high compression socks minimize head‐up tilt‐induced cerebral and cardiovascular responses following dynamic exercise
Authors: Dorey T. W. , O'Brien M. W. , Robinson S. A. , Kimmerly D. S. 
Published: March 2018

In healthy individuals during a non‐exercised state, knee‐high compression socks (CS) may reduce the magnitude of lower limb venous pooling during orthostasis but are not effective at minimizing the incidence of pre‐syncopal symptoms. However, exaggerated reductions in cerebral blood flow velocity (CBV) and cardiac stroke volume (SV) occur during passive head‐up tilt (HUT) testing following dynamic exercise. It is unknown ifCScan minimize post‐exerciseHUT‐induced decrements inCBVandSVin this population. To test the hypothesis thatCSwill attenuate the reductions inSVandCBVduring 60°HUTfollowing 60 minutes of moderate‐intensity (60%VO2peak) cycling exercise. Ten healthy volunteers (22.6 ± 2.1 years, 24.1 ± 2.5 kg/m2) completed pre‐ and post‐exercise 15‐minuteHUTtests during randomizedCSand Control (noCS) conditions. Changes in blood pressure (finger plethysmography),SV(Modelflow® method), andCBV(Transcranial Doppler) were measured duringHUTand preceding supine rest periods. Pre‐exerciseHUT‐induced similar (all,P > .47) reductions inSV(Control; −23.1 ± 11.5%,CS; −20.5 ± 10.9%) andCBV(Control; −18.1 ± 6.3%,CS; −15.3 ± 9.0%). However, larger post‐exercise decreases inSVandCBVduringHUTwere observed in the Control versusCScondition. Specifically,CSattenuated the drop inSV(Control: −32.9 ± 5.6%,CS: −24.3 ± 11.6%;P = .01) andCBV(Control: −25.1 ± 5.8%,CS: −17.6 ± 7.8%;P = .02) during the post‐exerciseHUTtest. These results indicate thatCSattenuatedHUT‐induced reductions inSVandCBVfollowing moderate‐intensity cycling exercise and suggest thatCSmay be an effective countermeasure to reduce the incidence of post‐exercise syncope in vulnerable populations.
Towards a critical psychology of human–animal relations
Authors: Adams Matthew 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThis article argues that critical psychological engagement with the field of human–animal relations is largely absent, but of potential significance, and begins to outline more concretely what such a perspective might contribute, especially as a form of social psychology. The article provides a brief overview of the emerging psychology of human–animal relations and the extent to which it emphasises situated human–animal interactions in real‐world settings, including from the standpoint of animal participants. Recent elaborations of the “animal turn” outside of the discipline of psychology are considered, as they place fresh emphasis on human–animal interaction and interdependence and might further extend the boundaries of what counts as relations that matter in critical and social psychology. These foundations are argued to offer an invitation to critical psychology to engage more fully in the study of human–animal relations and enliven it as a result.
Counterfactual thought in reasoning and performance
Authors: Smallman Rachel , Summerville Amy 
Published: March 2018

AbstractCounterfactual thoughts mutate reality to imagine how things might have been different than they actually are. These types of thoughts are more frequent when the antecedent is unusual or the outcome is temporally or numerically close. Counterfactuals have functional benefits for causal reasoning, motivation, intentions, and behavior change. However, they can also bias or hinder these same phenomena under certain conditions. In this article, we review the processes by which counterfactuals produce functional (vs. dysfunctional) outcomes and suggest that this relies on four essential criteria: a causal antecedent is identified accurately; the antecedent can be acted upon by the individual; the counterfactual thought facilitates the means or motivation to alter future behavior; and a future relevant opportunity for application is recognized. Counterfactuals will be functional to the extent that they satisfy all four criteria.
Stress and eating: Definitions, findings, explanations, and implications
Authors: Araiza Ashley M. , Lobel Marci 
Published: March 2018

AbstractAs high stress has become ubiquitous in modern society, so too has the prevalence of overweight and obesity, leading many to question whether these changes are related. Does stress affect eating? In this article, we summarize research investigating associations between stress and eating and describe the mechanisms that may explain such associations. Our review indicates that regardless of how stress and eating are operationalized, manipulated, or analyzed, and regardless of sample characteristics, associations of stress with eating behavior are observed quite consistently, with some variability due to individual differences. There is also evidence that the link between stress and eating involves both biological and behavioral processes. We discuss the possible longer term implications of stress–eating associations for weight gain, weight stigma, and subsequent health, and we identify specific methodological and conceptual advances needed to improve further research and application.
Reflections on cohesion research with sport and exercise groups
Authors: Eys Mark A. , Brawley Lawrence R. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe purpose of this article is to highlight cohesion research emanating from sport and exercise investigations. Across 3 sections, we detail how physical activity cohesion research converges with, and diverges from, mainstream literature in other areas (e.g., organizational psychology). In the first section, information pertaining to the definition, conceptualization, and measurement of cohesion in sport and exercise is provided and contrasted with recent reviews on these topics from organizational psychology. The second section provides an overview of recent studies conducted within the physical activity context to illustrate the diverse nature of cohesion research in this area. Specifically, the summary of sport literature highlights the associations of personal, social, and team factors to cohesion, in addition to drawing attention to its potential maladaptive effects. Exercise research is summarized via associations with personal, leadership, environmental, and group factors. Finally, in the third section, future suggestions are provided encouraging researchers to explore (a) the temporal dynamics of cohesion, (b) greater theoretical integration, (c) measurement issues, and (d) diverse populations of physical activity participants.
Recent use of medical infrared thermography in skin neoplasms
Authors: Magalhaes C. , Vardasca R. , Mendes J. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractBackgroundInfrared thermal imaging captures the infrared radiation emitted by the skin surface. The thermograms contain valuable information, since the temperature distribution can be used to characterize physiological anomalies. Thus, the use of infrared thermal imaging (IRT) has been studied as a possible medical tool to aid in the diagnosis of skin oncological lesions. The aim of this review is to assess the current state of the applications of IRT in skin neoplasm identification and characterization.MethodsA literature survey was conducted using the reference bibliographic databases: Scopus, PubMed and ISI Web of Science. Keywords (thermography, infrared imaging, thermal imaging and skin cancer) were combined and its presence was verified at the title and abstract of the article or as a main topic. Only articles published after 2013 were considered during this search.ResultsIn total, 55 articles were encountered, resulting in 14 publications for revision after applying the exclusion criteria. It was denoted that IRT have been used to characterize and distinguish between malignant and benign neoplasms and different skin cancer types. IRT has also been successfully applied in the treatment evaluation of these types of lesions.ConclusionTrends and future challenges have been established to improve the application of IRT in this field, disclosing that dynamic thermography is a promising tool for early identification of oncological skin conditions.
Anchored phylogenomics of burrowing mayflies (Ephemeroptera) and the evolution of tusks
Authors: Miller Dustin B. , Bartlett Stephanie , Sartori Michel , Breinholt Jesse W. , Ogden T. Heath 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThis study investigated the phylogenetic relationships among seven burrowing mayfly families. Genetic data from four ribosomal DNA genes (12S, 16S, 18S and 28S) generated with Sanger sequencing, 448 protein‐coding loci generated using a novel hybrid enrichment probe set and available RNAseq and genome assembly for 19 ingroup taxa and four outgroup taxa. Maximum likelihood and Bayesian analyses were carried out to estimate phylogenetic relationships. The results indicated that Potamanthidae, Euthyplociidae, Behningiidae and Palingeniidae were recovered as monophyletic. Ephemeridae was not monophyletic. Mandibular tusks evolved in the common ancestor of burrowing mayflies and were lost in the lineage leading to Behningiidae.
Predictors of student use of an electronic record
Authors: Huang William Y , Grigoryan Larissa , Aggarwal Anjali 
Published: March 2018

SummaryBackgroundLittle is known on ambulatory clerkship students’ use of an electronic medical record (EMR). We investigated students’ use of recommended EMR tasks across different types of sites and studied the predictors of these recommended tasks.MethodsStudents documented how often they performed recommended EMR tasks and suggested improvements to enhance EMR use. We compared student performance of recommended tasks across different types of sites using χ2 tests and the Fisher's exact test. We performed regression analyses to investigate factors predicting students’ performance of EMR tasks. Two faculty members read all of the suggested improvements and agreed on themes.ResultsFrom January 2014 to June 2015, 263 of 295 Family and Community Medicine Clerkship (FCMC) students (89.2%) were at sites that used an EMR. Of the 263 students, 68.4% typed their own note into the EMR, but only 31.2% entered orders and 27.8% entered prescriptions for their teacher to sign. Students’ rating of the orientation to the EMR predicted their use of all EMR tasks. The number of years that the teaching site used an EMR predicted the students’ use of some tasks. Suggested improvements included a better orientation to the EMR, more use of the EMR, and access to a computer and the EMR.Little is known on ambulatory clerkship students’ use of an electronic medical recordDiscussionMany students did not perform recommended EMR tasks. To help more students learn EMR tasks, clinical teachers can offer students a detailed orientation to their EMR, provide them with access to a computer and the EMR, and give them the opportunity to perform recommended EMR tasks, including typing their own note and entering orders and prescriptions.
Parental body mass index and blood pressure are associated with higher body mass index and blood pressure in their adult offspring: a cross‐sectional study in a resource‐limited setting in northern Peru
Authors: Carrillo‐Larco Rodrigo M. , Bernabé‐Ortiz Antonio , Sal y Rosas Víctor G. , Sacksteder Katherine A. , Diez‐Canseco Francisco , Cárdenas María K. , Gilman Robert H. , Miranda J. Jaime 
Published: March 2018

AbstractObjectivesHigh body mass index (BMI) and blood pressure (BP) are major contributors to the high burden of non‐communicable diseases in adulthood. Individual high‐risk and population approaches for prevention require newer strategies to target these risk factors and focusing on the family to introduce prevention initiatives appears as a promising scenario. Characterisation of the relationship between BMI and BP among the adult members of a given family merits evaluation. We conducted a secondary analysis of an implementation study in Tumbes, Peru, benefiting from data derived from families with at least one adult offspring.MethodsThe exposures of interest were the BMI, systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) of the mother and father. The outcomes were the BMI, SBP and DBP of the offspring. Mixed‐effects linear regression models were conducted.ResultsThe mean age of the offspring, mothers and fathers was 29 (SD: 9.5), 54 (SD: 11.8) and 59 (SD: 11.6) years, respectively. Father's BMI was associated with a quarter‐point increase in offspring BMI, regardless of the sex of the offspring. Mother's BMI had a similar effect on the BMI of her sons, but had no significant effect on her daughters’. Mother's SBP was associated with almost one‐tenth of mmHg increase in the SBP of the adult offspring. There was no evidence of an association for DBP.ConclusionsIn families with adult members, the higher the parents’ BMI and SBP, the higher their adult offspring's levels will be.
Involving private practitioners in the Indian tuberculosis programme: a randomised trial
Authors: Yellappa Vijayashree , Battaglioli Tullia , Gurum Sanath Kumar , Narayanan Devadasan , Van der Stuyft Patrick 
Published: March 2018

AbstractObjectivesTo assess a multicomponent intervention to improve private practitioners (PPs) involvement in referral of presumptive pulmonary TB (PTB) cases to the Revised National TB Control Programme (RNTCP) for sputum examination.MethodsRandomised controlled trial. We randomly allocated all 189 eligible PPs in Tumkur city, South India, to intervention or control arm. The intervention, implemented between December 2014 and January 2016, included two sets of activities, one targeted at health system strengthening (building RNTCP staff capacity to collaborate with PPs, provision of feedback on referrals through SMS) and one targeted at intervention PPs (training in RNTCP, provision of referral pads and education materials and monthly visits to PPs by RNTCP staff). Crude and adjusted referral and PTB case‐finding rate ratios were calculated with negative binomial regression.ResultsPPs referred 836 individuals (548 from intervention and 169 from control arm PPs) of whom 176 were diagnosed with bacteriologically confirmed PTB. The proportion (95% confidence interval) of referring PPs [0.59 (0.49, 0.68) vs. 0.42 (0.32, 0.52) in the intervention and control arm, respectively], mean referral rate per PP‐year [(5.7 (3.8, 8.7) vs. 1.8 (1.2, 2.8)] and smear‐positive PTB case‐finding rate per PP‐year [(1.5 (0.9, 2.2) vs. 0.6 (0.3, 0.9)] were significantly higher in the intervention than the control arm. Stratifying by qualification, a statistically significant difference in the above indicators remained only among GPs and internists. Overall, surgeons, paediatricians and gynaecologists referred few patients. PP referrals contributed to 20% of the sputum smear positive PTB cases detected by RNTCP in Tumkur city (14% were from intervention arm PPs).ConclusionsWe demonstrated the effectiveness of a health system‐oriented intervention to improve PP’s referrals of presumptive PTB cases to RNTCP.
Cephalosporin‐resistant Escherichia coli isolated from farm workers and pigs in northern Vietnam
Authors: Dang Son T. T. , Bortolaia Valeria , Tran Nhat T. , Le Huan Q. , Dalsgaard Anders 
Published: March 2018

AbstractObjectiveAntimicrobial‐resistant bacteria may be transmitted between farm workers and livestock. This study aimed to determine and compare the prevalence and the genetic determinants of cefotaxime‐resistant and ESBL‐producing Escherichia coli in faecal isolates from workers and pigs at 100 farms in northern Vietnam.MethodsFarmers were interviewed about antimicrobial usage in livestock. Escherichia coli isolated on MacConkey agar containing 2 mg/l of cefotaxime (CTX) were tested for susceptibility to different cephalosporins by disc diffusion and screened for occurrence of ESBL‐encoding genes by PCR.ResultsAntimicrobial usage was widespread and included classes regarded of critical or high importance in human medicine. Dosages were 0.5–2 times higher than recommended, and antimicrobials were often administered right until slaughter. Prevalence of CTX‐resistant E. coli was 86% in farm workers and 89% in pigs. In 76% of farms, CTX‐resistant E. coli were shared by pigs and farm workers. ESBL‐producing E. coli were detected from pigs and workers at 66 and 69 farms, respectively. The ESBL phenotype was mainly mediated by CTX‐M and to a lesser extent by TEM. Occurrence of blaCTX‐M was similar in E. coli from pigs (66.7%) and humans (68.5%).ConclusionThe high occurrence of ESBL‐producing E. coli in pig farmers and pigs could present a risk for spillover of these bacteria from pig farms into the community. Genomic studies are needed to elucidate reservoirs and transmission routes of ESBL‐producing E. coli at livestock farms.
Divergently Seeking Clarification: The Emergence of Clarification Interaction
Authors: Ginzburg Jonathan , Kolliakou Dimitra 
Published: March 2018

AbstractClarification requests, queries posed in response to a “problematic” (misheard, misunderstood, etc.) utterance, are a challenge to mainstream semantic theories because they call into question notions such as “shared content” or “the context.” Given their strong parallelism requirements,ellipticalclarification requests introduce in addition significant complexities concerning the need for long‐term maintenance of non‐semantic information in context. In this paper, we consider a puzzle concerning the emergence of elliptical clarification requests in child English: Data from the Belfast and Manchester corpora fromCHILDESdemonstrate thatreprise fragments, the highest frequency clarification request construction among adults, emerges with significant delay in comparison withreprise sluices, barewh‐phrases used to request clarification. This is a puzzling finding a priori: first, since reprise fragments are by most plausible measures the most readily available clarification request form in that it involves mere repetition of material primed by the previous utterance and children have the ability to repeat parts of the previous utterance from the earliest stages of speech. Moreover, as we show, reprise fragments predominate—in some cases vastly so, over sluicing in the input of fragmentary clarification requests available to the child—and it would, therefore, be difficult to construct an explanation for order of emergence primarily based on frequency of the construction in the children's input. Our account is based on grammatical explication of the difference between the constructions, how constructional difference is represented in a hierarchy of constructions, and in terms of a notion of semantic complexity that suggests reprise sluicing is, in fact, less complex than reprise fragments.
Phosphoproteomic profiling reveals ABA‐responsive phosphosignaling pathways in Physcomitrella patens
Authors: Amagai Anna , Honda Yoshimasa , Ishikawa Shinnosuke , Hara Yurie , Kuwamura Mayuri , Shinozawa Akihisa , Sugiyama Naoyuki , Ishihama Yasushi , Takezawa Daisuke , Sakata Yoichi , Shinozaki Kazuo , Umezawa Taishi 
Published: March 2018

SummaryAbscisic acid (ABA) and its signaling system are important for land plants to survive in terrestrial conditions. Here, we took a phosphoproteomic approach to elucidate the ABA signaling network in Physcomitrella patens, a model species of basal land plants. Our phosphoproteomic analysis detected 4630 phosphopeptides from wild‐type P. patens and two ABA‐responsive mutants, a disruptant of group‐A type‐2C protein phosphatase (PP2C; ppabi1a/b) and AR7, a defective mutant in ARK, identified as an upstream regulator of SnRK2. Quantitative analysis detected 143 ABA‐responsive phosphopeptides in P. patens. The analysis indicated that SnRK2‐mediated phosphorylation and target motifs were partially conserved in bryophytes. Our data demonstrate that the PpSnRK2B and AREB/ABF‐type transcription factors are phosphorylated in vivo in response to ABA under the control of ARK. On the other hand, our data also revealed the following: (i) the entire ABA‐responsive phosphoproteome in P. patens is quite diverse; (ii) P. patens PP2C affects additional pathways other than the known ABA signaling pathway; and (iii) ARK is mainly involved in ABA signaling. Taken together, we propose that the core ABA signaling pathway is essential in all land plants; however, some ABA‐responsive phosphosignaling uniquely developed in bryophytes during the evolutionary process.