bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On nonlinear evolution equation of second order in Banach spaces
Authors: Soltanov Kamal N. 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Here we study the existence of a solution and also the behavior of the existing solution of the abstract nonlinear differential equation of second order that, in particular, is the nonlinear hyperbolic equation with nonlinear main parts, and in the special case, is the equation of the type of equation of traffic flow.
Restriction conditions on PL(7, 2) codes (3 ≤ |𝓖
i
| ≤ 7)
Authors: Cruz Catarina N. , ďAzevedo Breda Ana M. 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
The Golomb-Welch conjecture states that there is no perfect r-error correcting Lee code of word length n over ℤ for n ≥ 3 and r ≥ 2. This problem has received great attention due to its importance in applications in several areas beyond mathematics and computer sciences. Many results on this subject have been achieved, however the conjecture is only solved for some particular values of n and r, namely: 3 ≤ n ≤ 5 and r ≥ 2; n = 6 and r = 2. Here we give an important contribution for the case n = 7 and r = 2, establishing cardinality restrictions on codeword sets.
The predicate completion of a partial information system
Authors: French Zack , Hart James B. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractOriginally,partial information systemswere introduced as a means of providing a representation of the Smyth powerdomain in terms of order convex substructures of an information-based structure. For every partial information system 𝕊, there is a new partial information system that is natrually induced by the principal lowersets of the consistency predicate for 𝕊. In this paper, we show that this new system serves as acompletionof the parent system 𝕊 in two ways. First, we demonstrate that the induced system relates to the parent system 𝕊 in much the same way as the ideal completion of the consistency predicate for 𝕊 relates to the consistency predicate itself. Second, we explore the relationship between this induced system and the notion ofD-completions for posets. In particular, we show that this induced system has a “semi-universal” property in the category of partial information systems coupled with the preorder analog of Scott-continuous maps that is induced by the universal property of theD-completion of the principal lowersets of the consistency predicate for the parent system 𝕊.
Matrix mappings and general bounded linear operators on the space bv
Authors: Djolović Ivana , Petković Katarina , Malkowsky Eberhard 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
If X and Y are FK spaces, then every infinite matrix A ∈ (X, Y) defines a bounded linear operator LA
∈ B(X, Y) where LA
(x) = Ax for each x ∈ X. But the converse is not always true. Indeed, if L is a general bounded linear operator from X to Y, that is, L ∈ B(X, Y), we are interested in the representation of such an operator using some infinite matrices. In this paper we establish the representations of the general bounded linear operators from the space bv into the spaces ℓ

∞
, c and c
0. We also prove some estimates for their Hausdorff measures of noncompactness. In this way we show the difference between general bounded linear operators between some sequence spaces and the matrix operators associated with matrix transformations.
Intermittent quasistatic dynamical systems: weak convergence of fluctuations
Authors: Leppänen Juho 
Published: April 2018

Abstract This paper is about statistical properties of quasistatic dynamical systems. These are a class of non-stationary systems that model situations where the dynamics change very slowly over time due to external influences. We focus on the case where the time-evolution is described by intermittent interval maps (Pomeau-Manneville maps) with time-dependent parameters. In a suitable range of parameters, we obtain a description of the statistical properties as a stochastic diffusion, by solving a well-posed martingale problem. The results extend those of a related recent study due to Dobbs and Stenlund, which concerned the case of quasistatic (uniformly) expanding systems.
Smart Solutions for Recreational Noise Pollution in Turkey
Authors: Çoban Nilgün Akbulut , Dalkılıç Cengiz , Kaya Sezer , Türkmenoğlu Mevlüt , Çoban Mustafa 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Environmental noise has become an important issue in urban life quality. Policy makers, local authorities and researchers have been trying to solve this issue in a smart way. In this study, it was examined the recreational noise pollution and management strategies already applied in two cities of Antalya and Konya respectively located in Mediterrnaean and Middle Anatolian Region in Turkey. For Antalya City, the strategic noise map, noise complaint data and noise assessment reports for entertainment places were evaluated. For Konya City, it was assessed the strategic noise map and the environmental noise monitoring system which can be considered as one of the first applicable system in Turkey in terms of noise management. Under the light of the applications in two cities, it is recommended that improving and installing the environmental noise monitoring system as a communicative tool in noise policy applications may be beneficial especially for the recrational noise pollution control in order to achieve effective noise complaint management and to provide dynamic noise maps.Moreover, designing quiet areas as buffering zone by using the soundscape approach may also be an innovative way in mitigating the noise annoyance due to recreational noise pollution in residential areas.
Algebraic aspects of evolution partial differential equation arising in the study of constant elasticity of variance model from financial mathematics
Authors: Motsepa Tanki , Aziz Taha , Fatima Aeeman , Khalique Chaudry Masood 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe optimal investment-consumption problem under the constant elasticity of variance (CEV) model is investigated from the perspective of Lie group analysis. The Lie symmetry group of the evolution partial differential equation describing the CEV model is derived. The Lie point symmetries are then used to obtain an exact solution of the governing model satisfying a standard terminal condition. Finally, we construct conservation laws of the underlying equation using the general theorem on conservation laws.
Hypoxia, cytokines and stromal recruitment: parallels between pathophysiology of encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis, endometriosis and peritoneal metastasis
Authors: Wilson Robert Beaumont 
Published: April 2018

AbstractPeritoneal response to various kinds of injury involves loss of peritoneal mesothelial cells (PMC), danger signalling, epithelial-mesenchymal transition and mesothelial-mesenchymal transition (MMT). Encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis (EPS), endometriosis (EM) and peritoneal metastasis (PM) are all characterized by hypoxia and formation of a vascularized connective tissue stroma mediated by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) is constitutively expressed by the PMC and plays a major role in the maintenance of a transformed, inflammatory micro-environment in PM, but also in EPS and EM. Persistently high levels of TGF-β1 or stimulation by inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-6 (IL-6)) induce peritoneal MMT, adhesion formation and fibrosis. TGF-β1 enhances hypoxia inducible factor-1α expression, which drives cell growth, extracellular matrix production and cell migration. Disruption of the peritoneal glycocalyx and exposure of the basement membrane release low molecular weight hyaluronan, which initiates a cascade of pro-inflammatory mediators, including peritoneal cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1, IL-6, prostaglandins), growth factors (TGF-α, TGF-β, platelet-derived growth factor, VEGF, epidermal growth factor) and the fibrin/coagulation cascade (thrombin, Tissue factor, plasminogen activator inhibitor [PAI]-1/2). Chronic inflammation and cellular transformation are mediated by damage-associated molecular patterns, pattern recognition receptors, AGE-RAGE, extracellular lactate, pro-inflammatory cytokines, reactive oxygen species, increased glycolysis, metabolomic reprogramming and cancer-associated fibroblasts. The pathogenesis of EPS, EM and PM shows similarities to the cellular transformation and stromal recruitment of wound healing.
6-minute walking test in patients after cabg - assessment of exercise capacity
Authors: Wojtkowska Joanna , Wojtkowska Izabela , Wolszakiewicz Jadwiga 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Introduction: The 6-minute walk test is a well established diagnostic tool in clinical cardiology to determine exercise tolerance, prognostic measure, control and modify the implemented treatment.
Aim: Assess exercise tolerance in patients with coronary artery disease after surgical coronary artery bypass grafting using 6-minute walk test in correlation with selected concomitant risk factors for coronary artery disease.
Material and methods: Analysis of medical records of 100 randomly selected patients, diagnosed by coronary angiography and coronary heart disease, scheduled for CABG. Patients were evaluated using exercise tolerance as measured by 6MWT before and 12 months after CABG. The results were correlated with the selected risk factors.
Results: The study group showed improvement in 6MWT distance of 43.17 m (± 104.41) at 12-months after CABG. In order to analyze which risk factors influenced the observed changes of the 6MWT distance, the obtained results were correlated with factors such as the age of patients, sex, hypertension and smoking. There was no effect of these parameters on shortening or lengthening the distance.
Conclusions: 1. From selected coronary artery disease risk factors only hypertension adversely affected the 6MWT distance before CABG.
3. The CABG operation caused significant improvement of exercise tolerance in patients with worse baseline exercise tolerance.
Functional assessment of patients after total knee replacement
Authors: Matla Joanna , Ogrodzka Katarzyna , Bac Aneta , Gądek Artur , Sorysz Tomasz 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Introduction: In the society of the 21st century, osteoarthritis is considered one of the primary causes of the occurrence of pain and disability. Arthroplasty is the treatment of choice for advanced degenerative changes. The aim of the study was to carry out a functional assessment of patients at early stages of rehabilitation after total knee replacement.
Material and methods: The research material included 35 individuals qualified for the total knee replacement. The group consisted of 26 females with an average age of 68.6 ± 7.0 and 9 males with an average age of 70.8 ± 9.1. To assess their functional status, the following tools were used: 100-point Lysholm-Gillquist scale, the VAS scale, the Timed Up and Go test, the Lovett scale and the range of motion measurement made with a goniometer. The level of significance was set at p<0.05.
Results: The research revealed statistically significant differences in the measurements of active and passive ranges of flexion and active extension in the knee joint, knee flexors and extensors muscle strength, the VAS scale and the 100-point Lysholm-Gillquist scale.
Conclusions: 1 After applying the treatment in the form of a total knee replacement, the functional state of the patients improved at early stages of rehabilitation. 2 The study proved the effectiveness of treating advanced degenerative changes through total knee replacement and the patients’ functional improvement at early stages of rehabilitation.
How different priming stimulations affect the corticospinal excitability induced by noninvasive brain stimulation techniques: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Hassanzahraee Maryam , Zoghi Maryam , Jaberzadeh Shapour 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS) techniques could induce changes in corticospinal excitability (CSE) and neuroplasticity. These changes could be affected by different factors, including having a session of stimulation called the ‘priming’ protocol before the main stimulation session called the ‘test’ protocol. Literature indicates that a priming protocol could affect the activity of postsynaptic neurons, form a neuronal history, and then modify the expected effects of the test protocol on CSE indicated by the amplitude of transcranial magnetic stimulation-induced motor-evoked potentials. This prior history affects a threshold to activate the necessary mechanism stabilizing the neuronal activity within a useful dynamic range. For studying the effects of this history and related metaplasticity mechanisms in the human primary motor cortex (M1), priming-test protocols are successfully employed. Thirty-two studies were included in this review to investigate how different priming protocols could affect the induced effects of a test protocol on CSE in healthy individuals. The results showed that if the history of synaptic activity were high or low enough to displace the threshold, the expected effects of the test protocol would be the reverse. This effect reversal is regulated by homeostatic mechanisms. On the contrary, the effects of the test protocol would not be the reverse, and at most we experience a prolongation of the lasting effects if the aforementioned history is not enough to displace the threshold. This effect prolongation is mediated by nonhomeostatic mechanisms. Therefore, based on the characteristics of priming-test protocols and the interval between them, the expected results of priming-test protocols would be different. Moreover, these findings could shed light on the different mechanisms of metaplasticity involved in NIBS. It helps us understand how we can improve the expected outcomes of these techniques in clinical approaches.
Relative and absolute test-retest reliabilities of pressure pain threshold in patients with knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Srimurugan Pratheep Neeraja , Madeleine Pascal , Arendt-Nielsen Lars 
Published: April 2018

Abstract

Background and aims:
Pressure pain threshold (PPT) and PPT maps are commonly used to quantify and visualize mechanical pain sensitivity. Although PPT’s have frequently been reported from patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA), the absolute and relative reliability of PPT assessments remain to be determined. Thus, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the test-retest relative and absolute reliability of PPT in KOA. For that purpose, intra- and interclass correlation coefficient (ICC) as well as the standard error of measurement (SEM) and the minimal detectable change (MDC) values within eight anatomical locations covering the most painful knee of KOA patients was measured.

Methods:
Twenty KOA patients participated in two sessions with a period of 2 weeks±3 days apart. PPT’s were assessed over eight anatomical locations covering the knee and two remote locations over tibialis anterior and brachioradialis. The patients rated their maximum pain intensity during the past 24 h and prior to the recordings on a visual analog scale (VAS), and completed The Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) and PainDetect surveys. The ICC, SEM and MDC between the sessions were assessed. The ICC for the individual variability was expressed with coefficient of variance (CV). Bland-Altman plots were used to assess potential bias in the dataset.

Results:
The ICC ranged from 0.85 to 0.96 for all the anatomical locations which is considered “almost perfect”. CV was lowest in session 1 and ranged from 44.2 to 57.6%. SEM for comparison ranged between 34 and 71 kPa and MDC ranged between 93 and 197 kPa with a mean PPT ranged from 273.5 to 367.7 kPa in session 1 and 268.1–331.3 kPa in session 2. The analysis of Bland-Altman plot showed no systematic bias. PPT maps showed that the patients had lower thresholds in session 2, but no significant difference was observed for the comparison between the sessions for PPT or VAS. No correlations were seen between PainDetect and PPT and PainDetect and WOMAC.

Conclusions:
Almost perfect relative and absolute reliabilities were found for the assessment of PPT’s for KOA patients.

Implications:
The present investigation implicates that PPT’s is reliable for assessing pain sensitivity and sensitization in KOA patients.
Studies on the treatment of surface water using rajma seeds
Authors: Merlin S. Babitha , Abirami M. , Kumar R. Suresh 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Indiscriminate disposal of wastewater with suspended solids have led to higher amount of pollution to the natural water bodies. Turbidity removal becomes an essential part in the water treatment when surface water is used for drinking purpose, this can be achieved by means of coagulation process. Coagulation process is the dosing of a coagulant in water, resulting in the destabilization of negatively charged particles. Commercial coagulants which were widely used can synthesize by-products in turn may pollute the environment and deteriorate the ecosystem at a slow rate. So, now-a-days natural coagulants are used as a potential substitute because it’s biodegradable, ecofriendly and non-toxic. In this study, the turbid surface water samples were treated using powdered seeds of Rajma (natural coagulant) followed by variations in dosage, settling time and pH were also studied. From the results obtained, it was found that the Rajma seeds powder achieved 48.80% efficiency for 0.5 g/l of optimum dose at pH 6 for 20 min settling time respectively.
Effects of corn cob ash on lime stabilized lateritic soil
Authors: Nnochiri Emeka Segun 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
This study assesses the effects of Corn Cob Ash (CCA) on lime-stabilized lateritic soil. Preliminary tests were carried out on the natural soil sample for purpose of identification and classification. Lime being the main stabilizing material was thoroughly mixed with the soil sample to determine the optimum lime requirement of the sample as a basis for evaluating the effects of the CCA. The optimum lime requirement was 10%. The CCA was thereafter added to the lime stabilized soil in varying proportions of 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10%. Unsoaked CBR increased from 83% at 0% CCA to highest value of 94% at 4% CCA. Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS) values increased from 1123kN/m2 at 0% CCA to highest value of 1180kN/m2 at 4% CCA. It was therefore concluded that CCA can serve as a good complement for lime stabilization in lateritic soil.
Numerical simulation of mechanical properties tests of tungsten mud waste geopolymer
Authors: Paszek Natalia , Krystek Małgorzata 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Geopolymers are believed to become in the future an environmental friendly alternative for the concrete. The low CO2 emission during the production process and the possibility of ecological management of the industrial wastes are mentioned as main advantages of geopolymers. The main drawback, causing problems with application of geopolymers as a building material is the lack of the theoretical material model. Indicated problem is being solved now by the group of scientists from the Silesian University of Technology. The series of laboratory tests are carried out within the European research project REMINE. The paper introduces the numerical analyses of tungsten mud waste geopolymer samples which have been performed in the Atena software on the basis of the laboratory tests. Numerical models of bended and compressed samples of different shapes are presented in the paper. The results obtained in Atena software were compared with results obtained in Abaqus and Mafem3D software.
Controlled Aqueous Synthesis of CdSe Quantum Dots using Double-Hydrophilic Block Copolymers as Stabilizers
Authors: Runge Denis , Cölfen Helmut 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
We present a simple experimental procedure to obtain CdSe quantum dots from aqueous solution with a controllable size. Double-hydrophilic block copolymers consisting of a poly(ethylene glycol) block and a block of either poly(ethylene imine) or polylysine are used as stabilizers. UV/VIS absorption spectroscopy, analytical ultracentrifugation and transmission electron microscopy are used to examine the resulting quantum dots. The particle size can be simply controlled by adjusting the polymer concentration during synthesis for both block copolymers.
Spontaneous Activity in Developing Turtle Retinal Ganglion Cells: Pharmacological Studies
Authors: Sernagor Evelyne , Grzywacz Norberto M. 
Published: April 2018

Extracellular recordings were obtained from the ganglion cell (GC) layer during correlated spontaneous bursting activity (SBA) in the immature turtle retina. Pharmacological agents were bath-applied, and their effects on burst and correlation parameters were determined.SBA requires synaptic transmission. It was blocked in the presence of curare and mecamylamine, two cholinergic nicotinic antagonists, and enhanced with neostigmine, a cholinesterase inhibitor. SBA was profoundly inhibited during blockade of glutamatergic receptors with the broad spectrum antagonist kynurenate and it vanished with 6,7-dinitroquinoxaline-2–3-dione (DNQX) and 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione (CNQX), two AMPA/kainate receptor antagonists. Blockade of NMDA receptors withd(−)-2-amino-5-phosphonopentanoic acid (d-AP-5) led only to a modest reduction in SBA. Blockade of GABAAreceptors with bicuculline prolonged the duration of the bursts. Inhibition of GABA uptake with nipecotic acid led to a decrease in burst rate. Blockade of K+channels with cesium (Cs+) and tetraethylammonium (TEA) led to a dramatic decrease in excitability. Burst propagation between neighboring GCs was reduced by K+channel blockade. Gap junction blockade had no consistent effect on bursts or correlation parameters. None of these drugs had a strong effect on the refractory period between bursts.We conclude that correlated SBA in immature turtle GCs requires both cholinergic nicotinic and glutamatergic (mainly through AMPA/kainate receptors) synaptic transmission. GABAergic activity modulates the intensity and the duration of the bursts. Extracellular K+is involved in lateral activity propagation and increases retinal excitability, which may be required for burst generation.